bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Create Contemporary Tableware
Authors: Bloomfield Linda , Pryke Sue
Published: October 2023

A highly illustrated step-by-step guide to designing and making contemporary tableware in clay, featuring inspirational pieces by leading designers.

'This book is a go to book for the art of creating tableware… The level of experience between the pages of this book from Sue and Linda is unquestionably invaluable to the reader.’ Keith Brymer Jones, Master Potter and judge on The Great Pottery Throw Down

The tableware we use is very important in our everyday lives, whether plates, bowls, mugs, cups or teapots. This stylishly illustrated guide helps budding and established ceramicists alike to create practical and attractive ranges, starting with design principles, working through appropriate construction techniques, and leading on to decoration and finishes.

Leading designers Sue Pryke and Linda Bloomfield explain the importance of inspiration and consistency in design, providing step-by-step guides to the main making methods, which include hand building, pinching, coiling, throwing and slipcasting. They also offer advice on using various clay materials – such as recycled and reused clay bodies – and the combination of clay with other materials including wood, metal, textiles and synthetics. Tips are provided on glaze fit, dishwasher- and microwave-safe glazes, firing and finishing.

Featuring beautiful photographs of the work of such prominent tableware makers as Sasha Wardell, James and Tilla Waters, Reiko Kaneko and Nico Conti, there are many sources of inspiration for those wishing to further their tableware ambitions.
Assessing improvements in global ocean pCO2 machine learning reconstructions with Southern Ocean autonomous sampling
Authors: Heimdal Thea Hatlen , McKinley Galen A. , Sutton Adrienne J. , Fay Amanda R. , Gloege Lucas
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The Southern Ocean plays an important role in the exchange of carbon between the atmosphere and oceans, and is a critical region for the ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2. However, estimates of the Southern Ocean air-sea CO2 flux are highly uncertain due to limited data coverage. Increased sampling in winter and across meridional gradients in the Southern Ocean may improve machine learning (ML) reconstructions of global surface ocean pCO2. Here, we use a Large Ensemble Testbed (LET) of Earth System Models and the pCO2-Residual reconstruction method to assess improvements in pCO2 reconstruction fidelity that could be achieved with additional autonomous sampling in the Southern Ocean added to existing Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) observations. The LET allows us to robustly evaluate the skill of pCO2 reconstructions in space and time through comparison to ‘model truth’. With only SOCAT sampling, Southern Ocean and global pCO2 are overestimated, and thus the ocean carbon sink is underestimated. Incorporating Uncrewed Surface Vehicle (USV) sampling increases the spatial and seasonal coverage of observations within the Southern Ocean, leading to a decrease in the overestimation of pCO2. A modest number of additional observations in southern hemisphere winter and across meridional gradients in the Southern Ocean leads to improvement in reconstruction bias and root-mean squared error (RMSE) can be improved by as much as 65 % and 19 %, respectively, as compared to using SOCAT sampling alone. Lastly, the large decadal variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes shown by SOCAT-only sampling, may be partially attributable to undersampling of the Southern Ocean.
Reviews and Syntheses: Evaluating the Potential Application of Ecohydrological Models for Northern Peatland Restoration: A Scoping Review
Authors: Silva Mariana P. , Healy Mark G. , Gill Laurence
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Peatland restoration and rehabilitation action has become more widely acknowledged as a necessary response to mitigating climate change risks and improving global carbon storage. Peatland ecosystems require restoration timespans on the order of decades and thus cannot be dependent upon the shorter-term monitoring often carried out in research projects. Hydrological assessments using geospatial tools provide the basis for planning restoration works as well as analysing associated environmental influences. “Restoration” encompasses applications to pre- and post-restoration scenarios for both bogs and fens, across a range of environmental impact fields. The aim of this scoping review is to identify, describe, and categorise current process-based modelling uses in peatlands in order to investigate the applicability and appropriateness of eco- and/or hydrological models for northern peatland restoration. Two literature searches were conducted using the Web of Science entire database in September 2022 and August 2023. Of the final 211 papers included in the review, models and their applications were categorised according to this review’s research interests in 7 distinct categories aggregating the papers’ research themes and model outputs. Restoration site context was added by identifying 234 unique study site locations from the full database which were catalogued and analysed against raster data for the Köppen-Geiger climate classification scheme. A majority of northern peatland sites were in temperate oceanic zones or humid continental zones experiencing snow. Over one in five models from the full database of papers was unnamed and likely single-use. The top three most-used of these models, based on the frequency of their use on distinct site locations, were LPJ, ecosys, and DigiBog, in that order. Key themes emerging from topics covered by papers in the database included: modelling restoration development from a bog growth perspective; the prioritisation of modelling GHG emissions dynamics as a part of policymaking; the importance of spatial connectivity within or alongside process-based models to represent heterogeneous systems; and the emerging prevalence of remote sensing and machine learning techniques to predict restoration progress with little physical site intervention. This review provides valuable context for the application of ecohydrological models in determining strategies for peatland restoration and evaluating post-intervention development over time.
Reviews and syntheses: Abrupt ocean biogeochemical change under human-made climatic forcing – warming, acidification, and deoxygenation
Authors: Heinze Christoph , Blenckner Thorsten , Brown Peter , Fröb Friederike , Morée Anne , New Adrian L. , Nissen Cara , Rynders Stefanie , Seguro Isabel , Aksenov Yevgeny , Artioli Yuri , Bourgeois Timothée , Burger Friedrich , Buzan Jonathan , Cael B. B. , Yumruktepe Veli Çağlar , Chierici Melissa , Danek Christopher , Dieckmann Ulf , Fransson Agneta , Frölicher Thomas , Galli Giovanni , Gehlen Marion , González Aridane G. , Gonzalez-Davila Melchor , Gruber Nicolas , Gustafsson Örjan , Hauck Judith , Heino Mikko , Henson Stephanie , Hieronymus Jenny , Huertas I. Emma , Jebri Fatma , Jeltsch-Thömmes Aurich , Joos Fortunat , Joshi Jaideep , Kelly Stephen , Menon Nandini , Mongwe Precious , Oziel Laurent , Ólafsdottir Sólveig , Palmieri Julien , Pérez Fiz F. , Ranith Rajamohanan Pillai , Ramanantsoa Juliano , Roy Tilla , Rusiecka Dagmara , Santana Casiano J. Magdalena , Santana-Falcón Yeray , Schwinger Jörg , Séférian Roland , Seifert Miriam , Shchiptsova Anna , Sinha Bablu , Somes Christopher , Steinfeldt Reiner , Tao Dandan , Tjiputra Jerry , Ulfsbo Adam , Völker Christoph , Wakamatsu Tsuyoshi , Ye Ying
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Abrupt changes in ocean biogeochemical variables occur as a result of human-induced climate forcing as well as those which are more gradual and occur over longer timescales. These abrupt changes have not yet been identified and quantified to the same extent as the more gradual ones. We review and synthesise abrupt changes in ocean biogeochemistry under human-induced climatic forcing. We specifically address the ocean carbon and oxygen cycles because the related processes of acidification and deoxygenation provide important ecosystem hazards. Since biogeochemical cycles depend also on the physical environment, we also describe the relevant changes in warming, circulation, and sea ice. We include an overview of the reversibility or irreversibility of abrupt marine biogeochemical changes. Important implications of abrupt biogeochemical changes for ecosystems are also discussed. We conclude that there is evidence for increasing occurrence and extent of abrupt changes in ocean biogeochemistry as a consequence of rising greenhouse gas emissions.
Global aviation contrail climate effects from 2019 to 2021
Authors: Teoh Roger , Engberg Zebediah , Schumann Ulrich , Voigt Christiane , Shapiro Marc , Rohs Susanne , Stettler Marc
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The global annual mean radiative forcing (RF) attributable to contrail cirrus is comparable to the RF from aviation’s cumulative CO2 emissions. Here, we simulate the global contrail climate forcing for 2019–2021 using reanalysis weather data and improved engine emission estimates along actual flight trajectories derived from Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast telemetry. Our 2019 global annual mean contrail net RF (62.1 mW m-2) is 44 % lower than current best estimates for 2018 (111 [33, 189] mW m-2). Regionally, the contrail net RF is largest over Europe (876 mW m-2) and the US (414 mW m-2), while the RF over East Asia (64 mW m-2) and China (62 mW m-2) are close to the global mean value because fewer flights in these regions form contrails as a result of lower cruise altitudes and limited ice supersaturated regions in the subtropics due to the Hadley Circulation. Globally, COVID-19 reduced the flight distance flown and contrail net RF in 2020 (-43 % and -56 % respectively vs. 2019) and 2021 (-31 % and -49 % respectively) with significant regional variation. Around 14 % of all flights form a contrail with a net warming effect, yet only 2 % of all flights account for 80 % of the annual contrail energy forcing. The spatiotemporal patterns of the most strongly warming and cooling contrail segments can be attributed to flight scheduling factors, aircraft–engine particle number emissions, tropopause height, background cloud and radiation fields, and albedo. Our contrail RF estimates are most sensitive to corrections applied to the global humidity fields, followed by assumptions on the aircraft-engine particle number emissions, and is least sensitive to radiative heating effects on the contrail plume and contrail-contrail overlapping. Accounting for the sensitivity analysis, we estimate a 2019 global contrail net RF of 62.1 [34.8, 74.8] mW m-2.
A dense station-based, long-term and high-accuracy dataset of daily surface solar radiation in China
Authors: Tang Wenjun , He Junmei , Qi Jingwen , Yang Kun
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The lack of long-term and high-quality solar radiation data has
been an obstacle for scientific and industrial fields. In this study, a
dense station-based, long-term and high-accuracy dataset of daily surface
solar radiation was developed using two surface radiation models. One is the
model developed by Yang et al. (2006) for global radiation estimation, and
the other is the model developed by Tang et al. (2018) for direct radiation
estimation. The main inputs for the development of the dataset are surface
pressure, air temperature, relative humidity, horizontal visibility and
sunshine duration, which are the routine meteorological variables observed
at the 2743 China Meteorological Administration (CMA) weather stations.
Validation against in situ observations and comparisons with two
satellite-based radiation products shows that our station-based radiation
dataset clearly outperforms the satellite-based radiation products at both
daily and monthly scales. In addition, our dataset is available for more
than 60 years and includes three radiation components of global, direct and
diffuse radiation, which is not possible with satellite products. This
station-based radiation dataset will contribute to the climate change
research and solar energy engineering applications in the future. The
station-based dataset is now available at
https://doi.org/10.11888/Atmos.tpdc.300461
(Tang, 2023).
2020 forest age map for China with 30 m resolution
Authors: Cheng Kai , Chen Yuling , Xiang Tianyu , Yang Haitao , Liu Weiyan , Ren Yu , Guan Hongcan , Hu Tianyu , Ma Qin , Guo Qinghua
Published: October 2023

Abstract. A spatially explicit, high-resolution forest age map is critical for quantifying forest carbon stock and carbon sequestration potential. Previous endeavours to estimate forest age in China at national scale mainly concentrated on a sparse resolution or incomplete forest ecosystems because of complex species composition, vast forest areas, insufficient field measurements, and the lack of effective methods. To overcome these limitations, we construct a framework for estimating China’s forest age by combining remote-sensing time series analysis with machine learning algorithms based on massive field measurements and remote-sensing dataset. Specifically, the LandTrendr time series analysis is first applied to detect forest disturbances from 1985 to 2020, with the time since the last disturbance serving as a proxy for forest age. Next, for pixels where no disturbance, machine learning algorithms are used to estimate forest age from independent variables, including forest height, climate, terrain, soil, and forest-age field measurements. Finally, MLA models are established for each vegetation division and used to estimate forest ages. Combining these two methods produces a spatially explicit 30-m-resolution forest-age map for China in the year of 2020. Validation against independent field plots produces a R2 from 0.51 to 0.63. Nationally, the average forest age is 56.1 years (standard deviation = 32.7 years), where the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau alpine vegetation zone has the oldest forest with an average of 138.0 years, whereas the forest in the warm temperate deciduous-broadleaf forest vegetation zone averages only 28.5 years. This 30-m-resolution forest-age map provides vital information for accurately understanding the ecological benefits of China’s forests and to sustainably manage China’s forest resources.
Numerical stabilization methods for level-set-based ice front migration
Authors: Cheng Gong , Morlighem Mathieu , Gudmundsson G. Hilmar
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Numerical modeling of ice sheet dynamics is a critical tool for projecting future sea-level rise. Among all the processes responsible for the loss of mass of the ice sheets, enhanced ice discharge triggered by the retreat of marine terminating glaciers is one of the key drivers. Numerical models of ice sheet flow are therefore required to include ice front migration in order to reproduce today's mass loss and be able to predict their future. However, the discontinuous nature of calving poses a significant numerical challenge for accurately capturing the motion of the ice front. In this study, we explore different stabilization techniques combined with varying reinitialization strategies to enhance the numerical stability and accuracy of solving the level-set function, which tracks the position of the ice front. Through rigorous testing on an idealized domain with a semicircular and a straight-line ice front, including scenarios with diverse front velocities, we assess the performance of these techniques. The findings contribute to advancing our ability to model ice sheet dynamics, specifically calving processes, and provide valuable insights into the most effective strategies for simulating and tracking the motion of the ice front.
A glacial lake outburst flood hazard assessment for the Phochhu River Basin, Bhutan
Authors: Wangchuk Tandin , Tsubaki Ryota
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The melting of glaciers has led to an unprecedented increase in the number and size of glacial lakes, particularly in the Himalayan region. A Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) is a natural hazard in which water from a glacial or glacier-fed lake is swiftly discharged. GLOFs can significantly harm life, infrastructure, and settlements located downstream, and can cause considerable ecological, economic, and social impacts. Based on a dam breach model, BREACH, and a hydrodynamic model, HEC-RAS, we examined the potential consequences of a GLOF originating from the Thorthomi glacial lake, located within the Phochhu River Basin, one of Bhutan’s largest and rapidly expanding glacial lakes. Our analysis revealed that, following a breach, the Thorthomi glacial lake will likely generate a peak flow of 16,360 m3 s−1 within four hours. Such discharge could potentially cause considerable damage, with an estimated 245 hectares of agricultural land and over 1,277 buildings at risk for inundation. Our results emphasize an urgent need for understanding and preparing for the potential consequences of a GLOF from Thorthomi Lake in order to mitigate ecological, economic, and social impacts on downstream areas. Our findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders involved in disaster management and preparedness.
Seismic background noise levels in the Italian strong-motion network
Authors: Fornasari Simone Francesco , Ertuncay Deniz , Costa Giovanni
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The Italian strong-motion network monitors the seismic activity in the region, with more than 585 stations with continuous data acquisition.
In this study, we determine the background seismic noise characteristics of the network by using the data collected in 2022.
We analyse the spatial and temporal characteristics of the background noise.
It is found that most of the stations suffer from anthropogenic noises, since the strong-motion network is designed to capture the peak ground motions in populated areas.
Hence, human activities enrich the low periods of noise.
Therefore, land usage of the area where the stations are located affects the background noise levels.
Stations can be noisier during the day, up to 12 dB, and during the weekday, up to 5 dB, in short periods.
In long periods (≥ 5 s), accelerometric stations converge to similar noise levels and there are no significant daily or weekly changes.
It is found that more than half of the stations exceed the background noise model designed for strong-motion stations in Switzerland by Cauzzi and Clinton (2013) in at least one of the calculated periods.
We also develop an accelerometric seismic background noise model for periods between 0.0124 and 100 s for Italy by using the power spectral densities of the network.
The model is in agreement with the background noise model developed by D’Alessandro et al. (2021) using broadband data for Italy in short periods, but in long periods there is no correlation among studies.
Anomalous 2022 deep water formation and intense phytoplankton bloom in the Cretan area
Authors: Teruzzi Anna , Aydogdu Ali , Amadio Carolina , Clementi Emanuela , Colella Simone , Di Biagio Valeria , Drudi Massimiliano , Fanelli Claudia , Feudale Laura , Grandi Alessandro , Miraglio Pietro , Pisano Andrea , Pistoia Jenny , Reale Marco , Salon Stefano , Volpe Gianluca , Cossarini Gianpiero
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The Mediterranean Sea is a quasi-permanently stratified and oligotrophic basin with intense late-winter early-spring phytoplankton blooms typically limited to few regions (i.e., northwestern Mediterranean Sea, the Southern Adriatic Sea and the Rhodes gyre). In these areas, blooms are sustained by nutrients injection to surface layers by winter vertical mixing and convective processes. A markedly intense bloom was predicted in spring 2022 in an unusual area of the southeastern Mediterranean Sea (i.e., southeastern of Crete) by the Med-MFC system, the production centre of the Copernicus Marine Service for the Mediterranean Sea. Combining Copernicus modelling and observation products, the 2022 event and a number of driving and concurrent features have been investigated in a multidisciplinary way. A noticeable cold spell that occurred in eastern Europe at the beginning of 2022 has been identified as the main driver of an intense deep water formation event, with associated high nutrient concentrations in the surface layers. Consequently, an extreme phytoplankton bloom that was 50 % more intense than usual occurred in the area southeast of Crete, starting nearly one month later than usual and lasting for 3–4 weeks. Impacts on primary production were also relevant in the 2022 event area, being 35 % higher than the climatological annual primary production. Further, the documented link between primary productivity and fish catches suggests possible consequences along the whole food chain up to the marine ecosystem in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Mapping age and basal conditions of ice in the Dome Fuji region, Antarctica, by combining radar internal layer stratigraphy and flow modeling
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Chung Ailsa , Steinhage Daniel , Parrenin Frédéric , Freitag Johannes , Eisen Olaf
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The Dome Fuji (DF) region in Antarctica is a potential site for an ice core with a record of over 1 Myr. Here, we combine large-scale internal airborne radar stratigraphy with a 1-D model to estimate the age of basal ice in the DF region. The radar data used in the study were collected in a survey during the 2016–2017 Antarctic season. We transfer the latest age–depth scales from the DF ice core to isochrones traced in radargrams in the surrounding 500 km × 550 km region. At each point of the survey the 1-D model uses the ages of isochrones to construct the age–depth scale at depths where dated isochrones do not exist, the surface accumulation rate and the basal thermal condition, including melt rate and the thickness of stagnant ice. Our resulting age distribution and age density suggest that several promising sites with ice older than 1.5 Myr in the DF region might exist. The deduced melt rates and presence of stagnant ice provide more constraints for locating sites with a cold base. The accumulation rates range from 0.015 to 0.038 m a−1 ice equivalent. Based on sensitivity studies we find that the number and depth of picked isochrones and the timescale of the ice core severely affect the model results. Our study demonstrates that constraints from deep radar isochrones and a trustworthy timescale could improve the model estimation to find old ice in the DF region.
A topographically-controlled tipping point for complete Greenland ice-sheet melt
Authors: Petrini Michele , Scherrenberg Meike , Muntjewerf Laura , Vizcaino Miren , Sellevold Raymond , Leguy Gunter , Lipscomb William , Goelzer Heiko
Published: October 2023

Abstract. A major impact of anthropogenic climate change is the triggering of tipping points, such as the complete mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS). At present, the GrIS is losing mass at an accelerated rate, largely due to a steep decrease in its surface mass balance (SMB, the balance between snow accumulation and surface ablation from melt and associated runoff). Previous work on the magnitude and nature of a threshold for GrIS complete melt remains controversial. Here, we explore a potential SMB threshold for GrIS complete melt, and the processes controlling the nature of this threshold. To this end, we use the Community Ice Sheet Model v.2 (CISM2) forced with different levels of SMB previously calculated with the full-complexity Community Earth System Model v.2 (CESM2). The SMB calculation in CESM2 has been evaluated with contemporary observations and high-resolution modelling, and includes an advanced representation of surface melt and snow/firn processes. We find a positive SMB threshold for complete GrIS melt of 230±84 Gt/yr, corresponding to a 60 % decrease from the GrIS pre-industrial SMB. The ice-sheet response to sustained melt is highly non-linear, and determined by the effect of the SMB-height feedback in response to surface melt and Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA). While the former process increases melt and promote runaway retreat, GIA-induced bedrock uplift stabilises the ice margin and delays deglaciation. The GrIS is tipping from ~50 % mass towards complete melt when the melt-induced surface lowering outweighs the GIA-induced bedrock uplift and the initially positive SMB becomes and remains negative for at least a few thousand years. We also find that the GrIS is tipping towards complete melt when the ice margin in the central west unpins from a coastal region with high bedrock elevation and SMB. Based on the minimum ice-sheet configuration in modelling studies of the GrIS during the last interglacial, we suggest that a stabilising effect of this midwestern topographic pinning point might have occurred in the past.
Machine Learning Methods to Improve Spatial Predictions of Coastal Wind Speed Profiles and Low-Level Jets using Single-Level ERA5 Data
Authors: Hallgren Christoffer , Aird Jeanie A. , Ivanell Stefan , Körnich Heiner , Vakkari Ville , Barthelmie Rebecca J. , Pryor Sara C. , Sahlée Erik
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Observations of the wind speed at heights relevant for wind power are sparse, especially offshore, but with emerging aid from advanced statistical methods, it may be possible to derive information regarding wind profiles using surface observations. In this study, two machine learning (ML) methods are developed for predictions of (1) coastal wind speed profiles and (2) low-level jets (LLJs) at three locations of high relevance to offshore wind energy deployment; the U.S. Northeastern Atlantic Coastal Zone, the North Sea, and the Baltic Sea. The ML models are trained on multiple years of lidar profiles and utilize single-level ERA5 variables as input. The models output spatial predictions of coastal wind speed profiles and LLJ occurrence. A suite of nine ERA5 variables are considered for use in the study due to their physics-based relevance in coastal wind speed profile genesis, and the possibility to observe these variables in real-time via measurements. The wind speed at 10 m a.s.l. and the surface sensible heat flux are shown to have the highest importance for both wind speed profile and LLJ predictions. Wind speed profile predictions output by the ML models exhibit similar root mean squared error (RMSE) with respect to observations as is found for ERA5 output. At typical hub heights, the ML models show lower RMSE than ERA5 indicating approximately 5 % RMSE reduction. LLJ identification scores are evaluated using the Symmetric Extremal Dependence Index (SEDI). LLJ predictions from the ML models outperform predictions from ERA5, demonstrating markedly higher SEDIs. However, optimization utilizing the SEDI results in a higher number of false alarms when compared to ERA5.
Control Co-Design optimization of floating offshore wind turbines with tuned liquid multi-column dampers
Authors: Yu Wei , Zhou Sheng Tao , Lemmer Frank , Cheng Po Wen
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The technical progress in the development and industrialization of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWTs) over the past decade is significant. Yet, the higher Levelized Cost of Energy of FOWT, compared to onshore wind turbines, is still limiting the market share. One of the reasons for this is the larger motions and loads caused by the rough environmental excitations. Many prototype projects tend to employ more conservative substructure designs to meet the requirements on motion dynamics and structural safety. Another challenge lies in the multidisciplinary nature of a FOWT system, which consists of several strongly coupled subsystems. If these subsystems cannot work in synergy with each other, the overall system performance may not be optimized. Previous research has shown that a well-designed blade pitch controller is able to reduce the motions and structural loads of FOWTs. Nevertheless, due to the negative aerodynamic damping effect, improving the performance by tuning the controller is limited. One of the solutions is adding Tuned Liquid Multi-Column Damper Dampers (TLMCDs), meaning a structural solution to mitigate this limiting factor for the controller performance. It has been found that the additional damping, provided by TLMCDs, is able to improve the platform pitch stability, which allows a larger blade pitch controller bandwidth and thus a better dynamic response. However, if a TLMCD is not designed by taking the whole FOWT system dynamics into account, it may even deteriorate the overall performance. Essentially, an integrated optimization of these subsystems is needed. This paper has developed a Control Co-Design optimization framework for FOWTs installed with TLMCDs. By using the multi-objective optimizer Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, the objective is to optimize the platform, the blade pitch controller and the TLMCD simultaneously. Five free variables characterizing these subsystems are selected and the objective function includes the FOWT's volume of displaced water (displacement), several motion and load indicators. Instead of searching for a unique optimal design, an optimal Pareto surface of the defined objectives is determined. It has been found that the optimization is able to improve the dynamic performance of the FOWT, quantified by motions and loads, when the displacement remains similar. On the other hand, if motions and loads are constant, the displacement of the FOWT can be reduced, which is an important indication of lower manufacturing, transportation and installation costs. In conclusion, this work demonstrates the potential of advanced technologies such as TLMCDs to advance FOWTs for commercial competitiveness.
FİNANSAL STRES, TEMİZ ENERJİ VE ENERJİ ENDEKSLERİ ÇEVREYİ KİRLETİR Mİ? KANTİL REGRESYON YAKLAŞIMI İLE KÜRESEL BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Çipe Bilge
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada Finansal Stres Endeksi, S&P500 Küresel Temiz Enerji Endeksi ve S&P500 Enerji Endeksinin CO2 emisyonu ile ilişkileri araştırılmıştır. Kantil regresyon yöntemi kullanılan ampirik bölümde 2009-2023 yılları arasındaki aylık veriler kullanılmıştır. Yapılan metodolojik çalışma sonrasında Finansal Stres Endeksi ile CO2 emisyonu arasında ilişki görülmez iken S&P Küresel Temiz Enerji Endeksi ile S&P500 Enerji Endeksi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Küresel verilerin kullanıldığı bu araştırmada S&P500 Küresel Temiz Enerji Endeksi’ndeki bir birim değişim emisyonu %0,02 artırırken S&P500 Enerji Endeksi emisyonu %0,02 azaltmaktadır. Regresyon yönteminden bağımsız olarak belirtmek gerekmektedir ki Finansal Stres Endeksi, 2001 krizi, 2008 küresel finans krizi ve 2020 Covid-19 Pandemi döneminde ciddi bir artış göstermektedir. Bu artış süreçlerinde CO2 emisyonu ekonomik krizlerde ve pandemi döneminde kayda değer bir azalma kaydetmiştir. Birçok çalışmada finansal gelişme kadar istikrarsızlığın da CO2 emisyonu üzerinde etkilerini kanıtlamakla birlikte bu çalışmada Finansal Stres Endeksi’nin karbon salınımı üzerinde herhangi bir etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür.
CONTAGION EFFECT IN THE BIST STOCK MARKET
Authors: Arlı Osman Emre , Ataş Berkan
Published: October 2023

The contagion effect refers to the transfer of price fluctuations from one market to others. In periods of turmoil, the relationship between various asset markets can result in substantial risks of contagion that go further the typical risks connected with changes in volatility and correlation. This can occur through various channels, such as the spread of shocks caused by transformations in the statistical relationships on asset returns, including changes in the relationship between average yields and volatility across different markets. This paper analyses the contagion of the BIST stock market on the volatility of gold, foreign exchange, and crude oil markets during the Covid-19 period. The correlation, coskewness, cocurtosis, covolatility test applied to measure the volatility contagion. The result shows contagions among the mentioned markets through higher moments. Our results are essential for asset management and developing preventive measures for financial stability.
KURUMSAL YÖNETİM ENDEKSİNDEKİ ŞİRKETLERİN KAR DAĞITIM POLİTİKALARINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER: BORSA İSTANBUL'DA BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: Aksoy Barış
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada Borsa İstanbul Kurumsal Yönetim Endeksinde bulunan şirketlerin kâr payı dağıtım oranı üzerinde etkili olan faktörler araştırılmaktadır. Kurumsal yönetim notu, kaldıraç oranı, aktif kârlılığı, araştırma ve geliştirme harcamaları, şirket büyüklüğü, şirket yaşı, aile üyelerinin yönetim kurulunda bulunma oranı, aile dışı blok hissedarlar oranı, sahiplik konsantrasyonu, yönetim kurulu üye sayısı, kadın yönetim kurulu üye oranı, CEO ikiliği, yönetim kurulu bağımsız üye oranı değişkenleri ile kâr payı dağıtım oranı arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Borsa İstanbul kurumsal yönetim endeksindeki 37 şirketin 2018-2022 yılları arasında 5 yıllık verileri alınarak regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda kurumsal yönetim notu, firma yaşı, aile dışı blok hissedarlar oranı değişkenleri ile kâr payı dağıtım oranı arasında anlamlı pozitif; kaldıraç, firma büyüklüğü, sahiplik konsantrasyonu değişkenleri ile kâr payı dağıtım oranı arasında anlamlı negatif ilişkinin olduğu görülmektedir. Yönetim kurulu başkanı ile genel müdürün aynı olmama durumuna göre firma yaşı ve aile dışı blok hissedar oranı ile kâr payı dağıtım oranı arasında anlamlı pozitif; kaldıraç, sahiplik konsantrasyonu ve kadın yönetim kurulu üye oranı ile kâr payı dağıtım oranı arasında anlamlı negatif ilişki bulunmuştur.
A SEMIOTIC APPROACH TO URBAN AREA: ODUNPAZARI HISTORICAL AREA CASE, ESKISEHİR
Authors: TEKİN YÜCESOY İrem
Published: October 2023

Through the use of visual symbols and design elements, architecture has many abstract meanings and integrated communicative elements. It relates to cultural systems such as shared values, scientific developments, moral codes, religions, and economic situations. Without a doubt, globalization has caused countries to resemble each other, and that makes local cultures more attractive. This has led to the tendency of local governments to create a new urban identity for economic development. This study examines the "Historic Odunpazari Houses Conservation and Development Project” area in Odunpazarı Locale, as a place with deep indicators of different urban images. The area is built on a hillside in the South of Eskisehir, Turkey, which symbolizes the Ottoman period's urban life. The semiotic approach is used to determine connotative meanings of buildings in historical area. Results show that renovated buildings are highly connotative structures. These kinds of buildings contain more metaphors than the original ones.
GOOGLE’DA YAPILAN BAZI KELİME ARAMALARI SEFALET ENDEKSİNİ ETKİLER Mİ?
Authors: Gürbüz Süleyman
Published: October 2023

1970 yılında Arthur Okun tarafından literatüre sunulan Sefalet Endeksi, işsizlik ve enflasyon oranlarının toplamıyla elde edilmektedir. Özellikle 2019 yılının son günlerinde ortaya çıkan COVİD-19 salgını neticesinde dünya genelinde sefalet endeksinde bir artış gözlemlenmiştir. İletişim teknolojilerinde yaşanan hızlı gelişmeler, insanların hayat tarzlarında da çok ciddi değişimlere öncülük etmiş ve sosyal yaşantının online dünyada şekillenmesini sağlamıştır. Alışveriş, eğlence ve iletişim konusunda internetin önemi yadsınamaz hale gelmiştir. İnsanlar merak ettikleri her konuyu internet üzerinden araştırmaya başlamıştır. Bu husus, internet arama motorlarının da işlevselliğini artırmıştır. İnternette yapılan aramalar, servis sağlayıcılar tarafından kamuoyuna sunulmaktadır. Bunların en popüler olanı ise Google Trend’dir. Bu mecradan elde edilen verilerin bazı ekonomik göstergeler ile ilişkisinin olabileceği literatürde tartışılmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada da, Türkiye özelinde 2006-2022 tarihleri arasında aylık olarak ortaya çıkan sefalet endeksi ve yine bu dönemi kapsayan Google Trend’den elde edilen sefalet endeksini gösteren kelimelerin aranma endeksi verileri arasındaki ilişki incelenmektedir. Dönem dönem yaşanan keskin değişimlerin etkisini göz ardı etmemek adına yapısal kırılmalı modeller tercih edilmiş ve sefalet endeksi ve arama trendi arasındaki eşbütünleşme ve nedensellik ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, her iki değişkenin de birbirlerini etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır.
DÖNGÜSEL BİR EKONOMİYE DOĞRU: AB27’DE MAKROEKONOMİK, ÇEVRESEL VE TEKNOLOJİK ETKENLERİN ANALİZİ
Authors: Şentürk Canan , Sezgin Aykut , Demirel Onur , Demirgil Hakan
Published: October 2023

21. yüzyılın ana gündem maddeleri arasında yer alan küresel iklim değişikliği ve çevresel bozulma, ülkeleri sürdürülebilirlik ile ekonomik büyümeyi dengeleyici hem ulusal hem de küresel ölçekte yeni strateji arayışlarına yönlendirmektedir. Çoğu ülke, sanayi stratejisini değiştirmekte ve sürdürülebilir büyüme/kalkınmanın bir unsuru olarak döngüsel ekonomiyi merkeze almaktadır. Öyle ki, döngüsel ekonomi tüm boyutlarıyla sürdürülebilir bir gelecek için ön koşul olarak görülmektedir. Kaynak ve enerji döngülerinin yavaşlatılması/daraltılması/ kapatılmasıyla; girdi, atık, emisyon ve enerji kayıplarının en aza indirilerek; yeniliği, tasarımı, bakım ve onarımı, yeniden kullanım ve üretimi, yenileme ve geri-dönüşümünü de içeren bir ekonomik sistemin yaratılmasını destekleyen; refah, istihdam ve sürdürülebilirliği arttırma gücü sağlayan kapsamlı bir dönüşümü ifade etmektedir. Bu anlayışla, kaynak tüketiminde artış olmaksızın (kaynak verimliliğini temel alan bir sistemle) ekonomik büyüme hedefleyen; hem üretim zincirini hem de ticaret kalıpları ve tüketim alışkanlıklarını değiştiren bir yapı kurgulanmaktadır. Böylelikle, endüstriyel sistemlerin yeniden tasarlandığı bir kalkınma stratejisi de oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada 2010-2021 dönemi AB27 ülkelerinde döngüsel ekonominin makro düzeyde potansiyel belirleyicileri arasında değerlendirilebilen ticari açıklık, temiz enerji, sanayileşme, beşeri sermaye ve teknolojinin etkisi panel veri analizi yöntemiyle incelenmektedir. Sonuçlara göre, döngüsellik oranının bir dönem gecikmesi, değişkenin cari değerlerinde pozitif, ticari açıklık ve yenilenebilir enerji, döngüsellik oranını negatif bir etki yaratmaktadır.
TÜRKİYE EKONOMİSİNDE YURTİÇİ KREDİLERİN BELİRLEYİCİLERİ: SERMAYE GİRİŞLERİNİN ROLÜ
Authors: Varlık Cemil
Published: October 2023

Gelişen piyasa ekonomilerinde, bankacılık kesiminin yurtiçi kredilerindeki hızlı düşüşlerin ve aşırı artışların ekonomik büyümeyi olumsuz etkilemesi beklenen bir sonuçtur. Bu yüzden yurtiçi kredilerdeki çöküşün veya aşırı kredi genişlemesinin olumsuz etkilerini hafifletmeye yönelik politikaların oluşturulabilmesi için, yurtiçi kredi büyümesini belirleyen faktörlerin bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye ekonomisinde 2004Q1-2020Q1 dönemi için sermaye girişlerinin yurtiçi kredi büyümesi üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi amacıyla, yedi değişken (GSYH büyümesi, tüketici fiyat enflasyonu, kredi faiz oranı, brüt sermaye girişleri, nominal döviz kuru, reel krediler ve reel borsa getirisi) içeren yapısal VAR modeli oluşturulmaktadır. Brüt sermaye girişlerinin farklı bileşenlerinin (FDI, portföy ve diğer yatırım girişleri), firmalara ve hane halklarına verilen banka kredileri üzerindeki etkileri de ayrı ayrı araştırılmaktadır. Etki tepki ve varyans ayrıştırması analizleri, bankaların toplam kredileri üzerinde; brüt FDI girişlerinin negatif, buna karşın brüt portföy girişlerinin ve brüt diğer yatırım girişlerinin pozitif etki yarattığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca brüt portföy hisse senedi girişleri ile bankalar ve diğer kesimlere dönük brüt diğer yatırım girişlerinin hem firma hem de hane halkı kredilerini pozitif ve anlamlı biçimde etkilediği kanıtlanmaktadır.
BIST'TE İŞLEM GÖREN FUTBOL KULÜPLERİNİN FİNANSAL PERFORMANSLARININ ANALİZİ
Authors: Sönmez Yahya
Published: October 2023

İşletmeler faaliyetlerini devam ettirebilmesi ve sürdürebilmesi için işletmenin fonksiyonlarından olan finansman yapısına dikkat etmesi gerekmektedir. Mali yapılarının açıklaması olan finansman, işletmenin kaynaklarını bulması ve bu kaynaklara fon yaratmasıdır. İşletmelerin mali yapılarının ve tablolarının hesaplanmasıyla finansal performans da hesaplanmaktadır. Mali yapıları ve tablolarından işletmelerin geçmişte nasıl performans gösterdiği, gelecekte de nasıl performans gösterdiğini açıklayacaktır. Bu çalışmada Borsa’da işlem gören futbol kulüplerinin finansal performanslarını analiz etmek amaçlanmıştır. İşletmelerin finansal performanslarını ölçmek için çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden olan MABAC yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntem ulusal ve uluslararası literatürde kullanılmaya başlayan bir metottur. Çalışma dönemi olarak 2017 - 2021 yılları baz alınmıştır. ÇKKV tekniklerinden olan MABAC yöntemiyle elde edilen analiz sonuçlarına göre; 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında futbol kulüplerinin bu sonuçlarına göre en iyi performansı gösteren kulüp GSRAY’dır. 2017 yılında futbol kulüplerinin bu sonuçlarına göre en iyi performansı gösteren kulüp BJKAS’dır. 2021 yılında futbol kulüplerinin bu sonuçlarına göre en iyi performansı gösteren kulüp TSPOR’dur. 2017 yılında futbol kulüplerinin bu sonuçlarına göre en kötü performansı gösteren kulüp TSPOR’dur. 2018 yılında futbol kulüplerinin bu sonuçlarına göre en kötü performansı gösteren kulüp FENER’dir. 2019 ve 2020 yıllarında futbol kulüplerinin bu sonuçlarına göre en kötü performansı gösteren kulüp ise BJKAS’dır.
MODERNLİĞİN BEDENLERİNDEN, GELECEĞİN BEDENLERİNE SOSYOLOJİK BEDENİN TRANSFORMASYONU
Authors: Özarslan Osman
Published: October 2023

Sosyoloji 19. Yüzyılın sonunda müstakil bir bilim olmanın temellerini attı. O dönemden beri, insan ve toplumla ilgili herşey artık sosyolojinin konuları arasında. Bu konular arasında en gelişmiş olanlarından birisi şüphesiz ki beden ve beden sosyolojisi çalışmaları.
Sosyolojinin kurucu metinleri arasında çok da merkezi olmayan partiküler bir pozisyonu olan beden, 1960’lardan itibaren sosyologlar tarafından daha çok çalışıldı ve artık bedenin olmadığı bir sosyoloji literatürü yalnızca niceliksel değil, niteliksel olarak da büyük bir eksiklik içinde olacaktır.
Bu çalışma öncelikle bu literatür ile baş etmek için, bedenleri kullanım biçimleri itibariyle ortaya çıkan kesişim kümeleri üzerinden, modern, barok, gotik ve fütüristik olarak tasnif edip değerlendirecektir.
Böylelikle, çalışmada, günümüzde artık giderek daha fazla tartıştığımız, sermaye-beden biyokapital ilişkisi, metaverse-virtüelleşme-beden ilişkisi, posthuman ve transhuman tartışmaları; sosyolojinin temel metinlerinin, bedeni modernliğin kurucu bir entitesi olarak kullanmaya çalışan metinleri ile karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde okunmaya ve bedenin güncel durumu ile güncel dünyanın beden ile ne yapmaya çalıştığı ele alınmaya çalışılacaktır.
YOLSUZLUK VE İKTİSADİ GELİŞME İLİŞKİLERİ: LATİN AMERİKA, DOĞU AVRUPA VE ASYA ÜLKELERİ’NDEN ÖRNEKLER
Authors: Gültekin Ömer Faruk
Published: October 2023

Yolsuzluk, toplumsal refah artışının önündeki en büyük engellerden biridir. Toplumlara bugün için büyük maliyetler oluşturmasının yanı sıra gelecek nesillere de ekonomik ve sosyal açıdan maliyetler oluşturur. Bu nedenle yolsuzluğun azaltılması, toplumların ekonomik gelişme gerçekleştirebilmeleri için çok önemlidir. Yolsuzluğun ekonomik gelişmeyle ilişkilerini araştırmak için Sovyet etkisi altında kalan bazı Avrupa ve Asya ülkeleri ve Latin Amerika ülkelerini kapsayan iki farklı model geliştirilmiştir. 2000-2019 döneminin araştırıldığı modellerde yer alan değişkenler yolsuzluk algı endeksi, kişi başına düşen gelir, yönetişim, enflasyon, kamu harcamaları, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, ticari dışa açıklık ve beşeri sermaye endeksidir. Modellerle ilgili temel sınamalar sonrası İki Aşamalı Sistem GMM ve panel ARDL yaklaşımlarına dayalı tahminler yapılmış ve 4 farklı tahmin sonucu elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, ilk modelde kişi başına düşen gelir artışı, beşeri sermaye endeksi, ticarileşme ve yönetişim, yolsuzluk üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahiptir. Öte yandan kamu harcamaları ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımların sonuçları Sistem GMM tahmini için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir. İkinci modelde yolsuzluğun kişi başına düşen gelir artışını olumsuz etkilediği gözlenmiştir. Son aşamada Dumitrescu-Hurlin nedensellik testi yapılmış ve bazı değişkenlerden yolsuzluğa doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkilerinin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
GÜVENLİK İKİLEMİNDE TÜRKİYE-YUNANİSTAN Drone Dalaşı
Authors: Esen Barış
Published: October 2023

Türkiye ve Yunanistan ilişkileri Balkanlar'daki güvenlik ikileminin en açık örneklerden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Türkiye’nin son yıllarda insansız hava araçları (İHA) kapasitesini geliştirme yolunda izlediği politikalar Yunanistan ile yeni bir potansiyel anlaşmazlık ve gerilim konusuna dönüşmektedir. Bu çalışma Türkiye ile Yunanistan arasında var olan askeri ve politik anlaşmazlıkların üzerine İHA’lar konusunda yaşanabilecek gerilimleri ele almaktadır. Makalede iki ülke arasında İHA’lar konusunda yaşanabilecek rekabetin güvenlik ikilemi çerçevesinde askeri bir çatışmaya dönüşüp dönüşmeyeceği araştırılmaktadır. İnsansız hava araçları açısından Yunanistan’ın kapasitesi Türkiye’ye oranla yetersiz kalmaktadır. Yunanistan askeri alandaki bu yetersizliğinin farkındadır ve bu eksikliği gidermeye dönük politikalar geliştirmektedir. Doğu Akdeniz üzerindeki hidrokarbon kaynaklarına dönük faaliyetler Türkiye ile Yunanistan arasındaki gerilimin tırmanmasına neden olurken Türk ve Yunan İHA’larının yalnızca Ege’de değil Akdeniz’de de karşı karşıya gelme ihtimali bulunmaktadır. Ancak sadece insansız hava araçları üzerinden yaşanacak bir gerilimin geleneksel bir savaş ya da çatışmaya dönüşme ihtimali düşüktür.
Büyükçekmece Municipality Studies within the Framework of Effective and Efficient Municipalism - Budget and Resource Evaluation
Authors: Akgün Hasan
Published: October 2023

The swift transformation experience in almost every topic in the world has also affected the field of public administration. Population growth, economic, political, social, cultural and ecological changes; demands and expectations have changed, and the scope of many fields has been expanded in line with these changes. Diversification of public services with the increase in population; demand for efficiency and quick turnaround in services; The emphasis on transparency and responsibility towards the public has affected not only central governments, but also local governments and municipalities from local government units.

When the socioeconomic and cultural conditions changed the needs of the cities and the people of the city, it became necessary to change in the public administration units and in the municipalities as a part of them. The desire to realize the public interest necessitated reconsideration of strategic goals and objectives, prepared plans and programs and projects according to current conditions. All these have been reflected in the use of resources, income and expenditure balances as necessary elements for the fulfillment of the social municipality understanding.

With the strengthening of democracy and the rise in the duties of local governments, municipalities, one of the main actors of this process, gained importance. In this study; It is examined through the example of Büyükçekmece Municipality how the municipalities respond to the changing and increasing demands and conditions by considering the conditions under which the municipalities prepare their budgets while fulfilling their strategic goals and plans, while meeting the demands, and which needs they use.