bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gather Wisdom and Strength of the Whole Society with the Spirits of Model, Labor and Craftsman
Authors: Su Yong
Published: July 2018

Nowadays, as the globalization deepens,Â different civilizations around the globe have beenÂ gradually permeated into each other. The spirits ofÂ model, labor and craftsmanship represent new spiritualÂ cultural strengths in the development of theÂ contemporary society in China. Therefore, carryingÂ forward these three spirits is conducive to spreading theÂ unique Chinese culture brand to the whole world, and toÂ making Chinese culture better to be present on theÂ world stage and better-known to people of the wholeÂ world. This paper mainly analyzes the specificÂ connotation and problems confronted by the spirits ofÂ model workers, labor and craftsmanship in the new eraÂ in China. Under such a context, the following importantÂ countermeasures are raised to provide theoretical helpÂ for better carrying forward these spirits in China.
Starting from the Heart â€”Some Thoughts on Ways to Promote Teachers' Intrinsic Professional Happiness
Authors: Zhou Chuner
Published: July 2018

Teachers are engineers of human soul andÂ they are supposed to be a happy occupation. But in fact,Â the occupational stress becomes greater and greater,Â the burnout becomes more serious and teachersâ€™Â happiness is losing. Promoting teachers' professionalÂ happiness is not only good for the development ofÂ teachers themselves and for the growth of students, butÂ also for the good development of education. So, it is aÂ hot topic to talk about how to promote teachers'Â professional happiness. From the heart, whichÂ meansÂ that make the teachers' professional happiness deeperÂ and longer from the intrinsic origin. Building the properÂ professional ideology, right values and healthy lifestyles,Â which are good for teachers to know the occupationÂ and relieve the stress, is an important way to promoteÂ teachers' intrinsic professional happiness.
Research and Analysis on Reading by College Students in the Era of Mobile Reading
Authors: Xie Weiguo
Published: July 2018

With the increasing advancement andÂ popularity of electronic media, traditional reading modeÂ and book purchase means have been updated andÂ upgraded. As a big consumer of books, the collegeÂ student group plays a double- complementary role inÂ the marching force that drives this â€œrevolutionâ€. WhenÂ the habit of holding a book and reading it at night isÂ replaced by web-based virtual environment, readersÂ have sharply recognize such trend, the internet hasÂ changed the perception of people on the time-spaceÂ relationship. It causes changes in the â€œrelationshipÂ among Â human Â beingsâ€. Â The Â characteristics Â ofÂ untouchable mode for the internet will really impact theÂ daily life of the general public and event invoke ourÂ multi-dimension thinking of individuals themselves andÂ external environment. The internet is promoting â€œhimâ€Â and â€œthemâ€ to get close to each other with an invisibleÂ force and the reading trend of internet literature isÂ emerging gradually.
Study on the Realization Process of the Updating of Marxism
Authors: Kong Tao
Published: July 2018

The updating of Marxism is to combineÂ Marxism with the present characteristics of the times toÂ touch the pulse of the times, reflect the spirit of theÂ times and address the subject of the times, enabling it toÂ adapt to the requirements of the times and lead the trendÂ of the times. It is a historical process of constantly promoting Marxism to move with the times, a developmentÂ process of mutual unification of theoretical innovationÂ and practice innovation and a historical process of periodical development and constant advancement. TheÂ updating of Marxism is a process that is continuouslyÂ pushed ahead in the two-way interactions of MarxistÂ theory and conditions of the times. Further researchesÂ on the main sections contained in this process have aÂ great significance in the process, in which we profoundly master the laws of the updating of Marxism and constantly advance the updating of Marxism.
Branding of Germany’s Transnational Education and its Potentials in the Arabian Gulf Region
Authors: Ashour Sanaa
Published: July 2018

Transnational education (TNE), responding to the growing global demand for education, plays a fundamental role in the current debate on the internationalisation and globalisation of higher education. Conducting a systematic literature review, this paper examines the characteristics of German transnational education, which has little in common with the American and British models, the reasons for its limited presence in the Gulf and its potential for having a stronger footprint. Since education for Germany is a public good, financial gain has never been a decisive factor for German universities to venture abroad. Whilst the Gulf Region is the largest importer of foreign education, German TNE is only represented by one university there, compared to the overwhelming number of US, UK and Australian higher education institutions. Although the Gulf Region is considered as a lucrative and appealing market for foreign education, lack of engagement of German TNE there could be interpreted through public policy-related reasons. Since Germany has already established its footprint in creating a unique brand of TNE, the paper recommends to build upon the country’s expertise in low-risk option for Germany to invest in the Gulf. For this to materialise, Germany must build awareness of its unique brand to stand out among the competition.
The Current Situation and Countermeasures of the Scientific Research Management
Authors: Diao Shaoxuan
Published: July 2018

After the analysis and discussion of the problems existing in the funds management of scientific research projects in enterprises, further analysis and attribution has been made and the corresponding countermeasures and solutions are proposed. The management should be mainly from the improvement of relevant management systems, and the establishment of communication and collaboration mechanisms with the financial department.
A Survey of Reading Promotion Methods in Universities in Mainland China
Authors: Huo Yanchao
Published: July 2018

Books are the ladder of human progress andÂ the window to observe the world.The university libraryÂ is a sacred place for reading, a place for disseminationÂ of knowledge, and a document information serviceÂ center that provides teachers and students withÂ knowledge and scientific research services.Its richÂ collection of resources, professional staff, advancedÂ technology and equipment, and a warm readingÂ environment provide a good platform for collegeÂ teachers and students to read and promote.In recentÂ years, there have been many articles on college readingÂ promotion, but there are relatively few articles onÂ university library reading promotion based on theÂ ubiquitous network environment.The purpose of thisÂ paper is to research innovative methods and strategiesÂ for reading promotion in the ubiquitous networkÂ environment and provide useful help to the libraryÂ industry.
Effect of Restrictive Infusion on VAP after Colorectal Cancer in Elderly Patients
Authors: Zheng Chen
Published: July 2018

Objective:Â To investigate the effect of restrictive infusion onÂ ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in elderly patients withÂ colon cancer treated by operation. Methods: A total of 62 elderly patients underwent colon cancer from January 2015 toÂ March 2016 were randomly divided into study group and control group. The patients in the study group were treated withÂ restrictive rehydration strategy, central venous pressure (CVP)Â 5 ~ 7 cmH 2 O, the control group rubbed with conventional re-hydration program; the remaining treatment of the two groupsÂ of patients to maintain consistency. Results: There was noÂ significant difference in MAP, HR and CO between the studyÂ group and the control group at the time of T0 ~ T4 (P> 0.05).Â The infusion volume of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P (P < 0.05). There was noÂ significant difference in the levels of LAC, IL-6 and TNF-Î±Â between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no significantÂ difference in the levels of LAC, IL-6 and TNF-Î±Â between theÂ study group and the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment,Â the levels of IL-6 and TNF-Î±Â in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). ThereÂ was no significant difference in the CPIS score between theÂ two groups (P > 0.05). On the 3rd and 7th day after operation,Â the CPSI score of the study group was significantly lower thanÂ that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The restrictive infusion has no obvious effect on the hemodynamics ofÂ elderly patients with colon cancer treated by surgery, but it canÂ reduce the risk of VAP.
Clinicopathological Features of Simple Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Breast
Authors: Kong Lingquan
Published: July 2018

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features andÂ prognosis of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast.Â Methods:Â 2 cases of primary squamous cell carcinoma of theÂ breast were analyzed. According to the TNM stage of breastÂ cancer, the patients underwent hematectomy and stage IV andÂ stage II. All the patients were treated with radiotherapy. Results:Â The age of onset was younger, ER / PR was negative,Â and 4 months after operation, no recurrence or distant metastasis was found. Conclusion: The clinical features of primaryÂ squamous cell carcinoma lack specificity, misdiagnosis, needÂ to pay attention to differentialÂ diagnosis, standardized diagnosis and treatment strategy still need further study.
Perioperative Management of Patients with Breast Cancer Complicated with Rheumatic Heart Disease
Authors: Liu Hong
Published: July 2018

Objective:Â To investigate the perioperative treatment of patients with breast cancer complicatedÂ with rheumatic heartÂ disease. Methods:Â The perioperative treatment of rheumaticÂ heart disease in 2400 patients with breast cancer treated inÂ our hospital from January 2007 to August 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Two of the 2400 patients withÂ breast cancer had rheumatic heart disease, aged 71 and 55Â years, respectively. One case with atrial fibrillation, and theÂ other one case of mitral valve replacement valve, were treatedÂ with warfarin anticoagulant therapy. Two patients in the first 5Â days before the withdrawal of warfarin, while low molecularÂ weight heparin or fondaparinux sodium anticoagulant therapy,Â intraoperative careful hemostasis, as appropriate after the startÂ of anticoagulant therapy. Patients within 24 hours after the incision area ofÂ ecchymosis, to adjust the anticoagulant drugs,Â to strengthen the drainage and hemostasis and other measuresÂ improved. Conclusion: Patients with breast cancer complicated with rheumatic heart disease are more complicated due toÂ basic diseases, and their perioperative treatment is more complicated. Excessive anticoagulation or hemostatic treatmentÂ will lead to adverse reactions. Perioperative attention shouldÂ be paid to monitor and adjust the patient INR value, intraoperative need to carefully hemostasis, as far as possible to stopÂ bleeding, reduce coagulation, close observation of patientsÂ with local wound conditions, strengthen drainage, if necessary,Â add hemostatic, and more can be better The treatment effect.
Effects of Fresh Royal Jelly on the Proliferation of Human Hepatoma Cell Line SMMC-7721
Authors: Wang Mingmin
Published: July 2018

Objective:Â To investigate the effect of fresh royal jelly on theÂ proliferation of human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721. Methods:Â We found that the administration of fresh royal jelly couldÂ alleviate the condition of hepatocellular carcinoma patients in aÂ certain extent. The human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lineÂ SMMC-7721 was cultured in vitro. MTT colorimetric method wasÂ used to treat fresh cells and serum containing human serum. TheÂ effect of SMMC-7721 proliferation was observed. Results: TheÂ aqueous solution of fresh royal jelly had a certain effect on theÂ proliferation of hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 in aÂ dose-dependent manner. The serum containing fresh royal jellyÂ could inhibit the proliferation of human hepatoma cell lineÂ SMMC-7721, and its inhibitory effect showed dose-dependent.Â Conclusion:Â The serum containing fresh royal jelly has aÂ significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of humanÂ hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 and its anti-cancer effect may beÂ derived from its metabolitesÂ or stimulating the formation ofÂ immune-reactive substances in the body, in whichÂ in the clinical treatment of liver cancer and research have a certainÂ value.
Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Combined with TACE in Patients with Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Its Effect on Liver Function
Authors: Ding Haibin
Published: July 2018

Objective: To analyze the effects of Chinese herbal medicineÂ combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE)Â on liver function in patients with primary hepatocellularCarcinomaÂ (HCC). Methods:Â 122 patients with primary hepatocellularÂ carcinoma admitted inÂ our hospital from March 2014 to OctoberÂ 2016 were divided into experimental group and control groupÂ according to the digital table. The number of each group was theÂ same. The patients in the control group were treated byÂ transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. The experimental groupÂ was treated with traditional Chinese medicine on the basis of theÂ control group. SPSS20.0 statistical software for statistical analysisÂ of two groups of patients with short-term effect, follow-up of oneÂ year primary liver cancer recurrence rate, before and afterÂ treatment WBC count, liver function (alanine aminotransferase),Â alpha-fetoprotein and Karnofsky index parameters. Results:Â â‘ TheÂ total effective rate of the experimental group was significantly higherÂ than that of the control group (P <0.05); â‘¡The relapse rate of theexperimental group was significantly lower than that of the controlÂ group (P <0.05); â‘¢ Before the treatment, the patients in the twoÂ groups had significantly higher recurrence rate than those in theÂ control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the white blood cellÂ count, liver function and alpha-fetoprotein levels in theÂ experimental group were significantly better than those in thecontrol group (P <0.05),Â but no significantÂ difference was foundÂ between the two groups (P<0.05). â‘£ The Karnofsky score of the experimental group wasÂ significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).Â Conclusion:Â Chinese medicine combined with transcatheterÂ arterial chemoembolization in patients with primary liver cancer inÂ the application value is relatively high.
Role of Hormonal Manipulation in Prostate Cancer Management
Authors: SIA SHAH
Published: July 2018

Prostate cancer (PCa) treatment has seen several important developments over the last few decades in the form of improved surgical methods and advanced radiotherapy techniques but androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) still remains the cornerstone of medical management of this common male malignancy. The discovery of androgen-dependent nature of PCa about three-quarters of a century ago was a turning point that has since led to the development of various pharmacological agents which rely on the basic principle of hormonal manipulation in the form of ADT to alter disease progression. Initially employed for metastatic disease only, ADT for PCa in the current clinical practice finds use multiple stages of the disease. The present review summarises the chronological evolution of agents used for hormonal manipulation in the management of PCa, highlighting the pros and cons of each and sheds light on the potential future advances in this area.
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Laparoscopic Postope- rative Leuprolide in Treatment of Endometriotic cysts
Authors: Yu Bin , Juan Juan , Su Nita
Published: July 2018

PurposeÂ To investigate the clinical effect of the use of leuprolide after laparoscopic surgery in patients with endometriosis. Method: Select 220 patients with endometriosis treated in our hospital from January 2015 to June 2016, and randomly divided them into simple group and treatment group, with 110 cases in each group. The simple group did not receive any treatment after laparoscopic surgery. The treatment group received leuprolide after surgery. Compare the treatment effect and safety of the two groups of patients.Â Results The treatment efficiency of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the simple group, P<0.05; and the relapseÂ rateÂ of the treatment group was low, P<0.05. ConclusionÂ The use effect of leuprolide in the treatment of endometriosis patients after laparoscopic surgery is better, with low relapse rate and high safety, and is worthy of clinical promotion.
Diagnostic Value of CYFRA21-1, CA19-9 and SCCAg Detection in Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Du Chunran , Wang Yanming , Hou Shenyan
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesÂ To investigate the value of serum cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), carbohydrate anti-gen 19-9 (CA19-9) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg) in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer. MethodsÂ 100Â cases of esophageal cancer (study group) and 50 healthy subjects (control group) were recruited in the study, the serumÂ levels of CYFRA21-1, CA19-9 and SCCAg in these patients were detected. Subgroups analysis was performed in studyÂ group by clinical staging, and the diagnostic value of CYFRA21-1, CA19-9 and SCCAg in detecting esophageal cancerÂ was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). ResultsÂ The serum levels of CYFRA21-1, CA19-9 andÂ SCCAg in study group were significantly higher than those in control group, and those were significantly lower in patients with stageâ… -â…¡Â disease than those with stage â…¢Â and â…£Â disease, indicating statistically significant difference (P<0.01); the sensitivity of serum CYFRA21-1, CA19-9 and SCCAg in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer was 82.26%, andÂ specificity was 91.33%, Â with positive predictive value being Â 86.14%, and negative predictive value being 89.57%, andÂ AUC value was 0.864, the combined detection was superior to each measure utilized alone, the difference was significantly significant (P<0.05). ConclusionÂ The combined detection of serum CYFRA21-1, CA19-9, and SCCAg can significantly improve the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in detecting the esophageal cancer.
BioinformaticsAnalysis of the Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Subtypes
Authors: Xu Wenbin , Zheng Weiying , Xia Hong , Hua Lin
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveÂ In order to improve the accuracy in distinguishing subtypes of bladder cancer and to explore its potential therapeutic targets,Â we identify differences between two kinds of bladder cancer subtypes (basal-like and luminal) in molecular mechanism and molecular characteristics based on the bioinformatics analysis. MethodsÂ In this study,Â the RMA (robust multichip averaging) was applied to normalize the mRNA profile which included 22 samples from basal-like subtype and 132 from luminal subtype,Â and the differential expression analysis of genes with top 1000 highest standard deviation was performed. Then,Â the Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes was performed. In addition,Â the protein-protein interactions networks analysis for the top 100 most significant differentially expressed genes was performed. ResultsÂ A total of 742 differentially expressed genes distinguishing basal-like and luminal subtypes were found,Â of which 405 were up-regulated and 337 genes were down-regulated in basal-like subtype. GO enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in the extracellular matrix,Â chemotaxis and inflammatory response. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in the pathway of extracellular matrix receptor interaction. The hub proteins we founded in protein-protein interaction networks were LNX1,Â MSN and PPARG. ConclusionÂ In this study,Â the mainly difference of molecular mechanism between basal-like and luminal subtypes are alteration in extracellular matrix region,Â cell chemotaxis and inflammatory response. Genes such as LNX1,Â MSN and PPARG were forecast to play important roles in the classification of bladder carcinoma subtypes.
A Numerical Investigation on Behavior of Column Base Plates with Different Configurations
Authors: Shafieifar Mohamadreza , Khonsari Vahid
Published: July 2018

Base plates are one of the most important types of connections in structures. Due to complicated steel-concrete interaction, simple assumptions of the stress distributions are usually employed for designing the connection. Simple assumptions of compressive stress distribution in concrete may accelerate the design procedure, but they may lead to overdesign results. In this study, six different types of base plates with different configuration were studied numerically using a commercial Finite Element (FE) software and the numerical model was calibrated with an experimental test. The models were subjected to a constant axial load and then a monotonic moment loading was applied. To investigate the effects of the axial load, several axial load level were considered for each configuration. As a result, moment-rotation curves of these base plates, including their rotational stiffness, in the absence and presence of the axial loads, were compared. Moreover, the stress distribution in the concrete was studied in the FE models. For all cases, the stress distribution in the concrete was semi-triangular with the maximum stress between the column flange and the edge of the plate. Based on numerical results, some concepts of simplified assumptions were proposed to find the stress distribution of the base plates. These assumptions are more realistic than current assumptions in structural specifications.
Reduced Beam Section (RBS) Moment Connections-Analytical Investigation Using Finite Element Method
Authors: Sofias Christos , Tzourmakliotou Dimitra
Published: July 2018

Reduced Beam Section (RBS) moment resisting connections are among the most economical and practical rigid steel connections developed in the aftermath of the 1994 Northridge and the 1995 Kobe earthquakes. Although the RBS connection effectiveness was widely investigated using US design and construction practices, only limited data exist from European research. Recommendations of RBS applications in steel frames were prescribed in EC8, Part3. However the reliability of these recommendations is under consideration due to above mentioned poor existing data. This paper examines numerous different contours of radius cut-out (Group A) and provides recommendations for the design and detailing of radius cut Reduced Beam Section (RBS) moment connections.  Furthermore, it examines and compares different beam cross sections of European steel profiles (Group B) while the sizing of the RBS cut is kept at a constant ratio. Analytical approach was conducted investigating the adopted by EC8, Part 3 key parameters for the design. The main objective of the applied RBS geometry is to protect the connection and its components (endplate, column flange, bolts, welds) from either plastification or failure. Although the computational cost for optimization with ABAQUS is very large, the results of this study ensures on one hand that the performances of the structural parts can be effectively improved by shape optimization and an the other hand that adjustment in the geometry of the radius cut is needed for safe application to European profiles.
Seismic Performance Assessment of Existing RC Frames with Different Ultimate Concrete Strains
Authors: Sabrin Rishath , Siddique Mohammad Al Amin , Sohel Md. K.
Published: July 2018

In recent years, because of the older version code, inadequate design, lacks of construction supervision, change in loading pattern, damages and casualties of earthquakes or environmental degradation, buildings at risk need to be investigated frequently for safety purpose. To increase the strength and ductility capacities of deficient reinforced concrete (RC) beams, columns and beam-column joints, retrofitting may require. In this paper, a numerical investigation using nonlinear static pushover analysis is conducted to assess the seismic behavior of existing moment resisting RC frames. In numerical modeling, different plastic hinge lengths as well as different concrete ultimate strain conditions of RC members are considered. Pushover analysis has been carried out with the commercial software ETABS v.9.6.0 to evaluate structural behavior of RC frames located in a seismic region. Hinge properties simulating moment-rotation behavior of frame members considering different plastic hinge lengths as well as concrete ultimate strains are evaluated. Pushover curves are compared with each other to determine the plastic hinge length and strain values which provide better agreement with that of the default properties. Seismic performance criteria in terms of ductility, overstrength as well as response modification factor for frames are determined from pushover curves. From the analyses in general, the load carrying capacity as well as displacement at maximum lateral load and interstory drift index at any floor level of RC frames is assessed.
An Innovative Method for Estimating the Spatial Distribution of Parking Demand in Different Areas
Authors: Hosseini Nafiseh , Khoshgard Ali
Published: July 2018

Parking facilities in the urban road network are of the most essential parts of the transportation and traffic system. Considering that many users are not interested in parking in or near the destination zone, or in some cases it is not basically possible to park in this area, the parking demand in each area is not merely associated with the actual land use of that area and is sometimes affected by the land use of the surrounding area. Therefore, estimating the spatial distribution of parking demand is essential to accurately determine the real parking demand, especially in non-marginal urban areas. In conventional methods of estimating the parking demand in each area, it is assumed that the parking areas are located in the same area or distributed uniformly in the surrounding areas, without considering the desirability of the surrounding areas, which has sometimes led to unrealistic estimations. Accordingly, new methods, capable of estimating the real parking demand in each area, are needed. In present study, an innovative method is proposed to predict the spatial distribution of parking demand and then it is applied to the central area of Tehran.
The Impact of Context-Based Capabilities on the Type of Communication of Spaces
Authors: Khakpour Mojgan , Daghighi Masoule Guilda , Amirnejad Mojdehi Mehrdad
Published: July 2018

Perceiving an architectural work requires a comprehensive understanding of its context, since the context has a direct impact on both the body and the activities. This recognition can be examined from two aspects: the study of natural and geographical conditions and human-based conditions which include the symbolic, religious-cultural, historical, social, and economic values. What has been considered through this article was the effect of these factors on the type of communication between the spaces. Due to the climate and cultural characteristics across Guilan province, it seems that the spaces from their public realm- that is from the neighbourhood spaces to their most exclusive parts- include rooms and closed spaces that have such continuity which was created by the elements of the boundary between these spaces. These elements link the spaces together and lead to a hierarchy of activities. The research question is whether the relationship between spaces and spatial continuity in traditional architecture of Rasht is influenced by the capabilities of the context or not? This is a descriptive-analytical research, which used a qualitative research method. Data collection was carried out by using desk research method   and field observations. The data was analysed through content analysis and independent of numerical documentation within an analogy process. With respect to the effect of filed capabilities on the traditional architecture in Rasht city, first a sample of buildings was selected and the physical elements contributing to continuity of the space have been studied. Then, the effect of the context-based capabilities on them was considered. It was found that these capabilities contributed to formation of the physical elements and behavioural patterns which itself can affect the type of relationship between space and its continuity within old urban tissues of Rasht, including the sensory continuity and the physical continuity between the spaces.
An Algorithm for Determining Optimum Link Traffic Volume Counts for Estimation of Origin-Destination Matrix
Authors: Mahmudabadi Mehdi , Behzadi Golam Ali
Published: July 2018

Travel demand information is one of the most important inputs in transportation planning. Today, the access to origin-destination (OD) matrix using traffic volume count information has caught the researchers’ attention because these methods can estimate OD matrices based on the flow volume in the links of network with a high accuracy at a much lower cost over a short time. In such algorithms, the number and location of links are one of the main parameters for traffic volume count; hence a better OD matrix can be achieved by choosing the optimum links. In this paper, an algorithm is presented to determine the number and location of optimum links for traffic volume count. The method specifies the minimum links to cover the maximum elements of OD matrix. This algorithm is especially useful for the estimation of ODM through gradient method, because only the O-D pairs covered by link traffic counts are adjusted and estimated in the gradient method. The algorithm is then scripted via EMME/2 and FoxPro and implemented for a large-scale real network (Mashhad). The results show that about 95% of the ODM can be covered and then adjusted by counting only 8% of the links in the network of Mashhad.
Effects of Near Fault and Far Fault Ground Motions on Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Seismic Improvement of Bridges
Authors: Hajali Mohammad , Jalali Abdolrahim , Maleki Ahmad
Published: July 2018

In this study, the dynamic response of bridges to earthquakes near and far from the fault has been investigated. With respect to available data and showing the effects of key factors and variables, we have examined the bridge’s performance. Modeling a two-span concrete bridge in CSI Bridge software and ability of this bridge under strong ground motion to near and far from fault has been investigated. Nonlinear dynamic analysis of time history includes seven records of past earthquakes on models and it was observed that the amount of displacement in the near faults is much greater than the distances far from faults. Bridges designed by seismic separators provide an acceptable response to a far from fault. This means that in bridges using seismic separators, compared to bridges without seismic separators, Acceleration rate on deck, base shearing  and the relative displacement of the deck are decrease. This issue is not seen in the response of the bridges to the near faults. By investigating earthquakes near faults, it was observed that near-fault earthquakes exhibit more displacements than faults that are far from faults. These conditions can make seismic separators critical, so to prevent this conditions FDGM should be used to correct the response of these bridges. Based on these results, it can be said that the displacement near faults with forward directivity ground motion is greater than far from faults. So that by reducing the distance from the faults, the maximum value of the shearing and displacement of the deck will be greater.
ELABORAÇÃO DE MATERIAL DIDÁTICO PARA FAVORECER O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: A TRILHA DO CORPO HUMANO
Authors: Cruz Mônica Dos Santos , Barros Marcelo Diniz Monteiro de
Published: July 2018

O presente trabalho trata da utilização de recursos pedagógicos lúdicos na prática diária do ensino de Ciências e Biologia para alunos do nível básico de ensino. A proposta consiste em uma atividade no formato de um jogo de trilha intitulado “A trilha do Corpo Humano” e, a partir de sua aplicação junto a alunos do 8º. Ano do Ensino fundamental, verificar sua eficácia como instrumento potencializador do ensino do Tema Corpo Humano e Saúde, obrigatório segundo as recomendações dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais. A metodologia utilizada consistiu na aplicação do jogo “A Trilha do corpo Humano”, seguido de um questionário de avaliação deste, associado a outros recursos didáticos em três turmas, de forma a se obter um comparativo do percentual da média obtida em uma avaliação diagnóstica destas três turmas em relação a uma turma controle. Realizados os procedimentos e a partir da análise dos dados obtidos foi possível comprovar que o jogo “A Trilha do Corpo Humano” pode ser entendido como um recurso pedagógico que favorece o ensino num contexto de uma aprendizagem cooperativa, uma vez que, no formato de jogo, em que foi criado, os alunos sentem uma atração e prazer maior em participar.
Global Diagnostic on Groundwater Governance
Authors: Rubio Marina
Published: July 2018

Five international organisations cooperated in the project ‘Groundwater Governance: A Global Framework for Action’ (2011-2016): Global Environment Fund (GEF), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), United Nations Economic, Social and Cultural Organization International Hydrological Program (UNESCO IHP), International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) and World Bank.

The project included a wide range of activities aiming to take stock of groundwater governance conditions and practices around the world and to enable diagnostic analysis at different spatial scales on groundwater governance. Five Regional Consultation Meetings were conducted in different parts of the world, with the aim to collect as much information as possible on groundwater governance in different regions and countries, and to capture the related perceptions and opinions of the more than five hundred participants. On top of this, five regional diagnostic reports on groundwater were prepared by knowledgeable professionals from each of these regions. The present Global Diagnostic on Groundwater Governance builds on all these activities and produced outputs, in particular on the five regional diagnostics and the reports on the Consultation Meetings.

Governance
Groundwater
Human Water Stress in Transboundary River Basins
Authors: Carvalho-Resende Tales
Published: July 2018

The Human Water Stress indicator deals with the quantity of water available per person per year relative to the internal and upstream area water supplies, on the premise that the less water available per person, the greater the impact on human development and well-being, and the less water there is available for other sectors.

For more information, visit: http://twap-rivers.org/

Basin
Stress
Supply
Surface water
Transboundary
Area equipped for irrigation with water from non-conventional water sources
Authors: Carvalho-Resende Tales
Published: July 2018

Area equipped for irrigation with water from non-conventional water sources as a percentage of total area equipped for irrigation. The statistics with a reference year closest to year 2005 were selected for this version 5 of the Global Map of Irrigation Areas.

For mor information, visit: http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/irrigationmap/index10.stm

Agriculture
Irrigation
Area equipped for irrigation with surface water
Authors: Carvalho-Resende Tales
Published: July 2018

Area equipped for irrigation with surface water as percentage of area equipped for irrigation. The statistics with a reference year closest to year 2005 were selected for this version 5 of the Global Map of Irrigation Areas.

For mor information, visit: http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/irrigationmap/index10.stm

Agriculture
Irrigation
Large Aquifer Systems of the World
Authors: Carvalho-Resende Tales
Published: July 2018

This map presents the delineation of world's 37 largest aquifer systems.

For more information, visit: www.whymap.org

Groundwater
Transboundary
Global drought severity (1901-2008)
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: July 2018

Drought severity measures the average length of droughts times the dryness of the droughts from 1901 to 2008. Drought is defined as a contiguous period when soil moisture remains below the 20th percentile. Length is measured in months, and dryness is the average number of percentage points by which soil moisture drops below the 20th percentile.

Drought
Major River and Lake Basins of the World
Authors: Carvalho-Resende Tales
Published: July 2018

The dataset comprises the GIS layer of 405 major river and lake basins of the world.

Data was collected within the framework of the BGR-UNESCO "World-wide Hydrogeological Mapping and Assessment Programme" (WHYMAP): www.whymap.org

Basin
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Exhibiting Children
Authors: Smith Victoria F.
Published: July 2018

This intimate exchange between real children and the stories we tell about them is at the fore of juvenilia studies, as scholars examining texts children produce must balance attention to the young person as author or artist with a critical awareness of systems of publication, reception, and analysis that are typically managed by adults. The focus of this paper is an investigation into the challenges of researching and writing about child-produced culture amid the often-overpowering constructs of childhood that surround it, taking two young artists as case studies: Daphne Allen, and Pamela Bianco, whose work can be challenging to access in ways that arise in part from the idiosyncrasies of their cultural moment, understood here as one that combined lingering Romanticism and burgeoning modernism. Analysis of the two child artists suggests that both were savvy and self-aware in negotiating, through their art, the discourses that surrounded them; it also presents methodologies that may be useful to other scholars in the field of juvenilia studies more broadly.
Teaching "the young idea how to shoot"
Authors: Clark Lorna J.
Published: July 2018

"The Burney family stood at the centre of cultural life of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century England, and excelled in several forms of artistic expression, especially in writing. Among the manuscripts preserved in the family archive are some collections of juvenilia produced by the children of Charles Rousseau and Esther Burney, Frances Burney’s elder sister. These literary projects helped the young authors to build confidence in their writing, refine their craft, and find a voice. This paper examines two: the first is an early example of a family-produced magazine that is patterned after one of the first-ever periodicals aimed at children. The second collection is a series of anthologies containing poems, plays, and stories written by Sophia Elizabeth Burney and dedicated to her novelist aunt. The plays seem designed to be performed in amateur theatricals; the stories contain images of female suffering, sharp satire on social pretentions, and a raucous (even violent) sense of humour that evoke the novels of Frances Burney. The newly discovered manuscripts reflect an environment that evidently encouraged creative play, self-expression, and artistic production. The study of these juvenile works yield insight into the creative world of the Burneys and, more generally, into the world of the child reader and writer in late eighteenth-century England.
Reviews
Authors: Looser Devoney , Prunean Alexandra , Owen David
Published: July 2018

Juliet McMaster's Jane Austen, Young Author (Ashgate [now marketed by Routledge], 2016), reviewed by Devoney Looser; Ethel Turner's Tales from the Parthenon and That Young Rebel, edited by Pamela Nutt with others (Juvenilia Press, 2014 and 2015), reviewed by Alexandra Prunean; Laurie Langbauer's The Juvenile Tradition: Young Writers and Prolepsis, 1750-1835 (Oxford UP, 2016), reviewed by David Owen.
A Imunidade Tributária Dos Templos Em Face Da Liberdade Religiosa E Da Laicidade Do Estado No Atual Contexto Social Brasileiro
Authors: Scalco Lauren Lautenschlager , Nascimento Rogério Lemes do
Published: July 2018

A Constituição Federal de 1988 assegura a liberdade religiosa, ao mesmo tempo em que, respalda a imunidade tributária. A primeira é dada como justificativa da segunda, porém, a liberdade religiosa abrange para além do direito de culto, o direito de crer e de não crer em nada, já que o Brasil é um Estado laico. Dessa forma, a não arrecadação de tributos prejudica pessoas que não tem nenhuma fé. Todavia, sabe-se que as religiões, em sua maioria, também cumprem uma função social importante, auxiliando o Estado na construção de uma sociedade mais justa e equilibrada. Através de um estudo bibliográfico via método dedutivo, foi possível concluir que a laicidade estatal é necessária para garantir a liberdade religiosa, mas não a imunidade tributária, devendo ser aprimorado tal instituto.
Análise histórica e normativa do “desaparecimento forçado de pessoas” a partir do Caso Blake vs. Guatemala
Authors: Costa Sousa Mônica Teresa , Alencar Sahid Sekeff Simão
Published: July 2018

O objetivo principal deste artigo é avaliar a normatividade no plano internacional relacionada com o desaparecimento forçado de pessoas, sopesando-se os trâmites históricos que culminaram com sua sistematização. A concepção desse fenômeno alicerça-se na sua compreensão como um crime contra a humanidade, ferindo a dignidade da pessoa humana, não somente na figura da vítima, como dos seus entes familiares, perpetrado, em sua modalidade mais comum, diretamente ou indiretamente por órgãos estatais. A partir desse pressuposto, adentrar-se-á no julgamento do Caso Blake vs. Guatemala pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, incluindo seus reflexos para fortalecimento dos direitos humanos no âmbito global. Para tanto, a metodologia aplicada foi a revisão bibliográfica e documental.
La Justicia Restaurativa Brasileña
Authors: Alencar Valeria Eleonora de
Published: July 2018

La justicia restaurativa responde a una manera de entender la justicia que se aproxima a la que debe orientar la justicia de menores; esto es, una justicia material, más equitativa, que tenga en cuenta las circunstancias del caso y las necesidades de las partes, sin dejar de lado la proporcionalidad con el delito cometido. Con la Ley nº 8.069/90 (Estatuto del Niño y del Adolescente), reguladora de la responsabilidad penal de niños y adolescentes, el sistema penal de responsabilidad de menores sufrió un cambio revolucionario respecto al viejo modelo tutelar, tuitivo y correccional del pasado. La estrategia por la que se optó frente a los delincuentes que no son mayores de edad fue la canalizada a través de la educación y vinculada a la justicia restaurativa. Con la Ley nº 9.099/95 como en el Reglamento que la desarrolla se alude a los conceptos de conciliación y reparación como posibles materializaciones del proceso de mediación y por lo tanto, de justicia restaurativa, en donde el papel de la víctima cobra una especial importancia.
A Conectividade Ecológica E O Novo Código Florestal Brasileiro
Authors: Neto João Garcia de Almeida , Lima Fabrício Wantoil , Bragança Nathália Lima
Published: July 2018

Neste artigo se propõe investigar a diferenciação entre legislações, para tanto, desenvolveu-se análise crítica sobre o Novo Código Florestal brasileiro, no intuito de compreender suas influências na proteção ambiental. O objetivo geral é pesquisar o Código Florestal brasileiro, em especial, a conectividade ecológica e lançar um olhar na Legislação aplicada na Europa, nomeadamente em Portugal. O presente artigo é proveniente de uma pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica e qualitativa, na área do Direito Ambiental. Definiu-se pelo seguinte problema de pesquisa: Como a Conectividade Ecológica pode contribuir para o ordenamento ambiental brasileiro? O artigo foi estruturado em quatro tópicos. No primeiro, expôs-se a relevância dos princípios no sentido de proteger e manter ecologicamente equilibrado o meio ambiente. No segundo tópico, apresentou-se a Conectividade Ecológica, com enfoque no seu conceito e aplicação. O terceiro tópico analisou o Novo Código Florestal brasileiro com olhar crítico acerca das suas aproximações e dos seus distanciamentos no que tange à proteção do ambiente, conectividade ecológica. No último tópico, comparou-se a aplicação da legislação internacional, em especial a de Portugal e da União Europeia, no âmbito de desenvolvimento ambiental. Evidenciou-se que o Novo Código Florestal brasileiro possui aspectos positivos e negativos, no entanto, poderia reverter os retrocessos por meio da conectividade ecológica, usando-se do ordenamento como ferramenta contributiva da sustentabilidade ecológica.
Efecto del anillado y bioestimulantes en la floración, producción y calidad de lima Persa (Citrus Latifolia Tan.) en invierno
Authors: Ambriz Cervantes Rafael , Ariza Flores Rafael , Alia Tejacal Irán , Michel Aceves Alejandro Casimiro , Barrios Ayala Aristeo , Otero Sánchez Marco Antonio
Published: July 2018

En México se cultivan 61 mil hectáreas de lima ‘Persa’ (Citrus Latifoia Tan.), con un rendimiento promedio de 14 t ha-1 (SIAP, 2013), se produce de mayo a octubre y los precios son bajos en los mercados. Por tal motivo, el estudio consistió en realizar la evaluación de las prácticas culturales y aplicación de bioestimulantes para inducir la floración, producción y calidad de los frutos en invierno. Durante agosto de 2013 y abril de 2014 en un huerto de lima ‘Persa’ de Tlaltizapán, Morelos, México, se evaluaron en combinación la poda, el anillado y la aplicación de urea y Biofol®, realizados en agosto, septiembre y octubre y se determinaron los efectos en los árboles, contenido de macro y micronutrientes de hojas y determinación de la calidad física y bioquímica de los frutos. Con la poda + urea + anillado en septiembre se obtuvo la mayor floración y el rendimiento de 20.3 t ha-1, que superó entre 50 y 400% al resto de los tratamientos, mostró el mayor peso específico, contenido de proteína, N, P, Mg y Zn en las hojas; también, los frutos mostraron mayor calidad física y bioquímica. Por lo anterior este tratamiento favorece la brotación, la floración, el cuajado y el rendimiento y calidad de la lima ‛Persa’ en invierno.
Maíz blanco y maíz amarillo sustitutos o complementos
Authors: Martínez Damián Miguel A. , Téllez Delgado Ricardo , Mora Flores José Saturnino
Published: July 2018

El maíz blanco (MB) y maíz amarillo (MA) pueden verse simultáneamente como complementos o sustitutos. Tras estimar la elasticidad de sustitución, derivado de datos de precios y cantidad por tipo de maíz, se obtiene el resultado de nula elasticidad de sustitución, concluyendo por tanto que ambos tipos de maíz son ajenos o bien complementarios.