bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gendered sport environments and their theoretical contributions to women’s ACL injury risk: a scoping review
Authors: Parsons Joanne L , Akinrolie Olayinka , Loewen Hal , Coen Stephanie E
Published: October 2024

Objective

To summarize the current literature that describes the gendered environments of women’s sports which are higher risk for ACL injury, and determine whether the existing literature relates gendered aspects of the sport environment to injury.

Design

Scoping review.

Data sources

Electronic search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, SCOPUS, and Women’s Studies International databases from inception to March 2024.

Eligibility criteria

Studies were included if at least 50% of the study participants were adult women participating in organized sports with higher risk for ACL injury.

Results

Of the initially identified 17,148 studies, 854 underwent full text review, and 73 were included in this scoping review. In 19 studies, reference to injury was restricted to one or two direct quotes from an athlete and the other 54 studies had no mention of injury. We identified three repeating patterns describing the gendered sport environments that women athletes encounter. Fifty-five studies described embedded stereotypes that devalue women and women’s sport. Forty-five studies described ways the sport environment reproduces restrictive gender norms for women. Forty-six studies reported that gendered inequities including gendered wage inequality and provision of subpar training facilities were structurally embedded in women’s sport environments.

Conclusion

Existing literature describes a range of gendered inequities that exist for women in their sport environments; however, there has been no concerted effort to date to link those gendered environmental factors to ACL injury. Such research is needed if we are serious about eliminating the ACL injury rate disparity between women and men.

What is already known

Historically, gendered disparities in anterior cruciate ligament injury risk have focused on biological explanations

Societal gendered norms and expectations of women can greatly affect their experiences and opportunities in sport environments

What are the new findings

Existing literature describes a range of gendered inequities that exist for women in their sport environments

Only a small percentage (∼25%) of studies describing the gendered aspects of women’s sport environments mention any relation to injury

There has been no concerted effort to link gendered aspects of sport environments to women’s injury risk and experiences
The Role of Frailty in Shaping Social Contact Patterns in Belgium, 2022-2023
Authors: Loedy Neilshan , Hermans Lisa , Bosschaert Maikel , Torneri Andrea , Hens Niel
Published: October 2024

Social contact data are essential for understanding the spread of respiratory infectious diseases and designing effective prevention strategies. However, many studies often overlook the heterogeneity in mixing patterns among older age groups and individual frailty levels, assuming homogeneity across these sub-populations. This oversight may undermine non-pharmaceutical interventions by not targeting specific contact behaviours, potentially reducing their effectiveness in controlling disease. To address this gap, we conducted a contact survey in Flanders, Belgium (June 2022 to June 2023). Using this dataset, we reconstructed frailty-dependent contact matrices and developed a contact-based mathematical model that integrates frailty levels to investigate their impact on disease transmission dynamics. We collected data from 5,723 participants who recorded 31,375 contacts with distinct individuals. Contact patterns were observed to vary based on participants age and frailty levels, influenced by the locations of their interactions. Incorporating frailty levels into the mathematical model substantially alters the shape of epidemic curves and peak incidences. Such insights are crucial for designing tailored non-pharmaceutical interventions, indicating the need for similar data collection in different countries.
Competitive intensity, innovation orientation, export entrepreneurship and export performance: considering effect of corporate social responsibility
Authors: Kazemi Ali , Ghasempour Ganji Seyedeh Fatemeh , Na’ami Abdullah , Latifi Benmaran Masoume
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study explores the effects of competitive intensity and innovation orientation on export outcomes, including export entrepreneurship (EE) and export performance (EP), and determines the direct and moderating impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) among exporting agricultural and food (agri-food) small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Iran.

Design/methodology/approach

Using systematic random sampling, 296 firms participating in the international food and agricultural industries exhibition filled out a questionnaire. Smart PLS3 software was used to analyze the data.

Findings

The competitive intensity has positive effects on export entrepreneurship of Iranian agri-food SMEs. Additionally, innovation orientation, CSR and EE positively impact EP. However, the moderating impact of CSR on the relationship between innovation orientation and EP was not supported by data.

Originality/value

The current study enriches the existing knowledge in international business in the specific setting of exporting agri-food SMEs operating in a developing economy.
An iterative technique for a class of highly nonlinear BVP arising in a one-dimensional corneal shape model
Authors: Jyoti  , Singh Mandeep
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The aim of this work is to establish a computationally efficient iterative technique for solving the highly nonlinear derivative-dependent boundary value problem (DDBVP). The proposed iterative technique is tested on a one-dimensional mathematical model of the shape of the human cornea, which leads to the highly nonlinear DDBVP.

Design/methodology/approach

The approach is a combined venture of quasilinearization along with Picard’s iterative technique. The nonlinear DDBVP is simplified to a sequence of linear problems through a quasilinearization technique. Making use of Picard’s iteration approach, an analogous integral form for the quasilinearized DDBVPs is developed in terms of Green’s function and the convergence controller parameter. The study also covered the convergence analysis of the iterative technique.

Findings

Numerical illustrations are presented to evaluate the applicability, efficiency and accuracy of the technique. The proposed technique provides approximate numerical solutions to the corneal shape model with a variety of constant parameters that can arise in different physical situations. In comparison with existing works, the proposed coupled iterative approach has been found to be more accurate and less computationally complex.

Originality/value

This study introduces an efficient coupled iterative technique based on quasilinearization and Picard’s iterative technique to solve a one-dimensional model of a human cornea. The proposed approach is tested on various physical situations that affect the human cornea. Numerical findings are compared with other published results to demonstrate the method’s efficiency and ease of usage.
Employee communication channels and social ties in organisations when teleworking and working on-site: a latent profile analysis
Authors: Lazauskaite-Zabielske Jurgita , Urbanaviciute Ieva , Ziedelis Arunas , Jakstiene Rita
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study aimed to test the relationship between various communication channels (in person, on screen, on the phone, messaging), the team feeling and perceived support by colleagues under different intensities of telework.

Design/methodology/approach

European Social Survey (ESS) Round 10 (2020–22) data file edition 3.0 was used for data analysis. The sample of this study consisted of 9,500 workers from ISCO groups 1–4 from 19 European Union countries. Latent profile analysis was used to analyse the data.

Findings

Five communication and telework intensity profiles were revealed: solo office workers, connected teleworkers, solo teleworkers, all-mode office communicators and office classics. Demographic and professional characteristics predicted employees’ membership in specific telework and communication channel profiles. The significant between-profile differences regarding one’s team feelings and perceived support from colleagues were observed. The highest levels of team feeling and expectations of getting work-related help from colleagues were observed among office classics, characterised by all types of communication except on-screen communication. On the contrary, solo teleworkers who worked from home and rarely used all multi-mode communication channels to contact their colleagues reported the lowest levels of team feeling and social support.

Originality/value

Using representative data from 19 European countries (N = 9,500), this study provides insight into how combinations of telework intensity and communication forms relate to different levels of team feeling and perceived support among colleagues. It highlights the importance of using diverse communication for maintaining social support and team cohesion.
Poles’ expectations about the transparency of physicians’ and patient organizations’ relationships with the industry: the quest for shedding light on pharmaceutical payments
Authors: Makowska Marta , Sillup George P.
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore Poles’ views regarding pharmaceutical industry transparency, prompted by the Sunshine regulations in the USA and certain European countries.

Design/methodology/approach

An online survey of a quota sample of 1,057 respondents was conducted. The sample reflected the structure of the Polish population in terms of sex, age, size of place of residence, province and education.

Findings

Poles prioritize legal requirements for the disclosure of gifts, work payments and conference support to doctors over meals. Almost half of Poles (46.7%) would check doctors’ relationships with the pharmaceutical industry if they could, while 38.9% stated they would not seek care from doctors with a relationship. Older individuals, males, those with children and those unvaccinated against COVID-19 are more likely to support increased transparency in industry–doctor relationships. Poles prioritize transparency with patient organizations over doctors. More than half of them believe these organizations should receive support from the state (54.6%) than from the industry (43.4%). A majority of Poles (65.9%) desire to know a patient organization’s income sources before requesting their assistance, and as much as 69.3% of respondents want the law to require disclosures. Older individuals and recent health-care users are more likely to support transparency in pharmaceutical industry–patient organization relationships. Given significant social support for Sunshine regulations, legislators should consider its implementation, as in Poland, only self-regulations of the pharmaceutical industry exist.

Originality/value

In Poland, the discussion about implementing a transparency policy in these relationships has not even started. Furthermore, this study shows that there is significant public interest in such disclosure.
The role of financial knowledge in managing antecedents and repercussions of fundamental and technical anomalies: evidence from an emerging Asian economy
Authors: Ahmad Maqsood , Wu Qiang , Abbass Yasar , Ahmed Shakeel
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Conventional theories of financial management are notably inconspicuous when considering the influence of heuristic-driven biases and fundamental and technical anomalies on institutional investors' investment decision-making performance and market efficiency, particularly, in emerging Asian economies. This study aims to explore the mechanism by which heuristic driven biases (i.e. cognitive heuristic biases and recognition-based heuristic biases) influence institutional investors' investment decision-making, investment performance and perceived market efficiency, with a mediating role of fundamental and technical anomalies and the moderating role of financial knowledge in Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected through a survey completed by 180 institutional investors trading on the Pakistan Stock Exchange. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses.

Findings

The results suggest that heuristic-driven biases have a significant negative influence on perceived market efficiency and investment performance and a significant positive effect on investment decisions of institutional investors. Fundamental and technical anomalies appeared to mediate these relationships. The results also revealed that financial knowledge moderates these relationships.

Originality/value

This study pioneers research on the links among heuristic-driven biases, financial knowledge, fundamental and technical anomalies and institutional investors' decisions and performance. This adds to the understanding of the role that heuristic-driven bias plays in investment management activities and enhances the appreciation of various behavioral aspects and their influence on investment decision-making and performance in an emerging market. It also contributes to the literature on behavioral finance, specifically the role of heuristics in investment strategies, which is still in its initial stage in developed countries, let alone in developing countries. The current research contributes to the literature by defining heuristic-driven biases as antecedents and fundamental and technical anomalies as intervening variables for irrational investment decision-making and poor investment performance. In addition, this study underlines the significance of utilizing financial knowledge to manage the antecedents and repercussions of fundamental and technical anomalies.
Enhancing econometrics instruction: a study on student acceptance of the flipped classroom
Authors: Cladera Magdalena
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study investigates the acceptance of the flipped classroom strategy among undergraduate econometrics students as well as the variables influencing students' preferences for the flipped classroom.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative approach was used, and a survey was administered to assess students' perceptions of their flipped classroom experience. An ordered logit model was estimated to explore the variables influencing students' preference for the flipped classroom compared to the lecture-based teaching method.

Findings

Students demonstrated a high level of acceptance of the flipped classroom as well as a perception that the activities conducted during face-to-face sessions were highly beneficial. Significant factors influencing preference for the flipped classroom include gender, attitudes toward econometrics, major, perceived usefulness of face-to-face activities and workload perception.

Research limitations/implications

The findings of this study cannot be generalized to all econometrics courses, as they were derived from data collected in only one institution. Therefore, further research of this nature in different contexts is needed to gather more empirical evidence regarding the acceptance or rejection of the flipped classroom by econometrics students as well as the factors influencing it.

Practical implications

Based on the findings, several recommendations can be made for lecturers interested in implementing the flipped classroom and fostering its acceptance among their students.

Originality/value

This is the first investigation of the factors influencing the acceptance of the flipped classroom within the context of an econometrics course. Evidence of the acceptance of this methodology by students in this discipline can encourage more lecturers to implement it in their courses.
Speed matters for supply chain communication to acquire superior firm performance: carbon footprint communication
Authors: Lin Chun-Chien , Chiao Yu-Ching , Chang Yu-Chen
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to draw attention to the information processing of speed regarding the specific approaches by which suppliers respond to downstream and upstream communications. It examines supply chain management and three-way communication between raw material providers, manufacturing suppliers and buying retailers.

Design/methodology/approach

Previous studies have investigated upstream and downstream communication as key drivers for framing the consequences of supply chain communication speed. This study applied a three-stage communication speed mechanism survey and acquired 210 validly matched paired questionnaires between selling suppliers and buying customers in a retailing industry supply chain to better understand and systematically model the empirical communication speed.

Findings

Downstream and upstream communication positively increases supply chain speed, which is weakened by the dysfunctional competition scenario. To highlight performance, the faster the speed, the greater performance the superior firm will achieve.

Practical implications

Suppliers are looking to enhance speed for better resilience in dysfunctional competition disruptions. This study offers guidelines and specified carbon footprint scenarios to provide managerial insight into their sustainability performance with a greater information processing mechanism. Slower speed may be exactly what many firms and supply chains need to integrate sustainability initiatives.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the supply chain management literature by shedding light on communication and information processing, of which the speed mechanism eventually enhances firm performance.
Shaping the notion of #wellbeing in the therapy culture context: an analysis through Instagram narratives
Authors: Larrondo-Ureta Ainara , Peña-Fernández Simón , Morales-i-Gras Jordi
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to (1) identify textual and visual themes and sub-themes associated with the #wellbeing hashtag on Instagram, (2) assess their varying levels of engagement and (3) investigate gender bias present in the analysed visual narratives.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employs a range of big data analysis techniques to investigate various dimensions of wellbeing on Instagram. Initially, a sample of 9,844 posts was processed using data mining and text analysis methods to identify and categorise significant hashtags, which facilitated the classification of posts into thematic clusters through hierarchical clustering. Engagement was then assessed using non-parametric statistical tests. Additionally, computer vision models were used to analyse and classify visual narratives, grouping images into communities based on visual similarities. Finally, gender representation in the images was examined using object detection models.

Findings

The study reveals that the discourse around #wellbeing on Instagram is predominantly feminised and focuses primarily on mental, psychological and spiritual aspects. Therapeutic and positive psychology narratives are the most prevalent and engaging, while physical activity and nutrition play a relatively secondary role. Two major macro-narratives emerge: firstly, mental health and emotional wellbeing, often featuring hashtags related to therapy, self-discovery, spirituality and motivational quotes; secondly, though less prominently, themes and visual narratives concerning physical activity and healthy habits, emphasising exercise and nutrition.

Originality/value

The study identifies, for the first time in the academic literature, key themes and sub-themes in the textual and visual narratives on wellness on the social media (Instagram), offering evidence for its feminisation. These findings contribute to the academic discussion on the implications of the notion of wellbeing on Instagram in relation to “therapy culture”. This idea can be applied to other social media, as well as to other areas, such as working life, where diverse individualities and groups also coexist.
Key audit matters and restatement of financial statements: evidence from an emerging economy
Authors: Khuong Nguyen Vinh , Thi Ngoc Anh Doan , Minh Nhu Pham , Vu Tran Trong Tai , Thi Kieu Trang Nguyen , Hoang Kha Thy Dang
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study aims to examine the relationship between key audit matters (KAMs) and the restatement of financial statements, assessing their impact on the financial statement restatement process.

Design/methodology/approach

This study aims to examine the economic context of Vietnam by analyzing data from 170 listed enterprises on the Vietnam stock exchange from 2010–2021. Feasible generalized least squares and robustness regression are conducted to give results and conclusions.

Findings

The results show that the KAMs disclosure in the financial statements has not really significantly affected the quality of an audit, so the KAMs disclosure does not have too much impact on the restatement of financial statements. However, this study found that the number of disclosed KAMs would partly reflect the shortcoming that exists in companies' financial statements.

Practical implications

The authenticity of financial statements is crucial for companies to meet auditor requirements, particularly KAMs. Restatements can influence business decisions and provide more accurate financial information to stakeholders. Thus, studying the impact of KAMs on restatement is essential for improving the veracity and reliability of financial statements.

Originality/value

This study clarifies the important role of KAMs in financial statements to recommend investors to be more careful in considering KAMs disclosed by auditors in audit reports. In addition, this study helps to add an overview of KAMs in emerging markets like Vietnam, as well as helps stakeholders to improve the legal system on Accounting – Auditing in Vietnam.
Exploring the literature of halal and Islamic tourism: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Alimusa La Ode , Ratnasari Ririn Tri , Ahmi Aidi , Putra Trisno Wardy
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study aims to analyse research trends, with particular emphasis on the most influential countries, institutions and top journals, as well as the most frequently cited articles, productive authors and co-authorship networks. In addition, this study identifies and analyses the primary research themes in halal and Islamic tourism and potential future research.

Design/methodology/approach

This research used Scopus from 2004 to 2023, focusing on articles referencing halal and Islamic tourism in the article title. The data were analysed using various software programmes, including the Bibliometrix R Package, VOSviewer, Harzing-PoP and Excel, used to conduct bibliometric and content analyses.

Findings

This study reveals a noteworthy increase in the number of publications related to halal tourism since 2016. The findings demonstrate the existence of four clusters of research in Halal and Islamic tourism literature. These clusters include marketing in halal and Islamic tourism, tourist satisfaction in halal tourism, halal tourism development and halal tourism from the perspective of Muslim tourists.

Research limitations/implications

This study’s bibliometric analysis was based solely on English-language articles in the Scopus database. Therefore, the findings may not be representative of all the research on halal and Islamic tourism.

Originality/value

This study provides valuable insights into the trends and patterns of research on halal and Islamic tourism, which can be used as a foundation for future research and provide a more comprehensive understanding of halal tourism research.
Digital inclusion and sustainable development goals
Authors: Alhassan Muftawu Dzang , Adam Ibrahim Osman
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to investigate the empirical linkages between information and communication technologies (ICTs), digital inclusion and sustainable development. This research aims to address a gap in the existing literature by exploring how ICT policies and digital inclusion efforts contribute to sustainable development outcomes across countries in developed and developing regions. Governments around the globe are increasingly relying on ICT policies to promote development in societies. Specifically, access and use of ICTs have been found to promote sustainable development across countries. Studies further argue the need for countries to bridge the digital divide to reap the full benefits of sustainable development. However, the empirical linkages between ICTs, digital inclusion and sustainable development have seldom been explored. This study is conducted to fill this gap in the literature.

Design/methodology/approach

This study relies on the capability approach and archival data for 130 countries from the network readiness index for 2021 to examine the nexus between ICTs, digital inclusion and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), using partial least squares structural equation modelling to validate the study’s hypotheses.

Findings

Findings show the positive effects of ICT access and ICT usage on digital inclusion. Digital inclusion was found to be significantly associated with SDGs. Furthermore, mediating effect results show the significant effect of digital inclusion on the nexus between ICT access and SDGs as well as ICT usage and SDGs.

Originality/value

To theory, this study uniquely shows through the capability approach how access and use of ICTs empower individuals to engage in information accessibility, sharing and communication and how it promotes safe and sustainable societies to achieve SDG11. To research, this study’s outcomes provide new insights into the links between ICTs, digital inclusion and SDG11. Unlike past studies investigating the nexus between ICTs in general and SDGs, this study shows how ICT access and use propels digital inclusion and SDG11.
Catalysts of successful WealthTech continuous usage: the role of fit factors, usage experience and digital nudging
Authors: Jisham Muhammed , Selvaraj Vanitha , John Abin
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Driven by the explosive growth of artificial intelligence, WealthTech has played a pivotal role in reshaping the wealth management industry in recent years. Within this context, this study aims to explain the antecedents of users’ continuance intention to use the WealthTech platform by integrating the technology continuance theory (TCT), task-technology fit (TTF) and digital nudging.

Design/methodology/approach

To empirically test the research model, an online survey was conducted among 337 investors who had previously used WealthTech platform. The authors used partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the research model and test the hypotheses.

Findings

PLS-SEM results show that the proposed model has moderate explanatory power in explaining WealthTech continuance intention. The results also found that attitude, digital nudging and satisfaction are important drivers in promoting WealthTech continuance intention. According to importance performance map analysis, digital nudging, expectation confirmation and satisfaction are critical factors in explaining continuance intention, which require managerial action.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the earliest studies that analyze the determinants of WealthTech continuance intention by integrating TCT with TTF and digital nudging. The study’s findings highlight the importance of fit factors and digital nudging in promoting successful WealthTech services.
It’s in the group! Role of business group heterogeneity on the performance of M&A deals: evidence from India
Authors: Ahuja Sugandh , Puri Veerma , Jhunjhunwala Rohit
Published: October 2024

Purpose

We integrate agency theory and extended resource-based view (ERBV) to examine the impact of business group heterogeneity on the performance of the business group affiliated firms.

Design/methodology/approach

The differential ownership structure of business groups (degree of ownership by the promoter, domestic institutional and foreign institutional investors) determines the effect of intergroup heterogeneity, and the differential directors' interlocks (strength and type of directors in the interlocking arrangement) with the affiliated firms assess the impact of intragroup heterogeneity. Acquisition performance is operationalized through cumulative abnormal returns to the acquirer upon acquisition announcement and is computed using the standard event study methodology.

Findings

With 476 domestic and cross-border M&A deals announced in India between 2005 and 2021, our findings indicate that the firms affiliated with foreign and promoter-owned groups received positive announcement returns. Furthermore, the type of directors and the interlocks formed therein matter for an affiliated firm. While the affiliate’s executive and the non-executive non-independent directors on the board raise agency issues and negatively impact its performance, the independent directors mitigate them. Further, the market negatively views the interlocks formed by affiliated firms' non-executive, non-independent directors who undertake independent positions in other affiliated firms, as indicated by the negative announcement returns.

Originality/value

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the impact of intergroup ownership heterogeneity on the acquisition performance of affiliated firms. Further, evaluating the effect of the type of interlocks in addition to strength is a distinctive feature of this research. This novel aspect of the study attempts to further understand the corporate governance of business groups and its implications, an area often referred to as the “black-box” in the business group literature.
Pedagogies of liberation in early childhood: diffractive documentation practices on more-than-human and human movements
Authors: Parnell Will , Molloy Murphy Angela , Quintero Elizabeth , Callaway-Cole Larisa
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This research demonstrates diffractive documentation and practice as hopeful mechanisms in which early childhood educator-protagonists are proactive rather than reactive in their work with young children.

Design/methodology/approach

Our storying research process is a narrative-building approach, whereby we interrelate and diffract together to seek out new meaning and understandings and promote social justice-oriented actions.

Findings

Authors each share from burgeoning narratives to interrelate and show a collection of threads that deepen multiple meanings in our existence.

Social implications

If we can assure deep support for all and an ethos of planet and place-caring, stretching beyond the status quo to children and place, then policies and practices can be changed for a greater good.

Originality/value

Humbly, we maintain that first, if we listen with children and the more-than-human, they show empathy, creativity and generative learning, and through our diffractive (re)storying process, hope is found, producing actions and movements.
Epistemic Injustice in Budgetary Politics: A Response to Rachel Reeves's Mais Lecture
Authors: Watson Matthew
Published: October 2024

Rachel Reeves's March 2024 Mais lecture was an exercise in tempering hope that Britain's threadbare public services would soon be restored to health. The message of restraint might prove to be early confirmation of Reeves's instinctive governing philosophy, but it also reflected the fact that she was called upon to speak in a context of epistemic injustice. Senior Labour politicians must always accept greater scrutiny of their fiscal policy pronouncements than their Conservative counterparts. Their statements are also susceptible to disinformation, such that what Labour's opponents insist its frontbench team are hiding from the electorate often gets treated as a more authentic account of its plans than anything Labour says for itself.
Population Health Implications of Medicaid Prerelease and Transition Services for Incarcerated Populations
Authors: CHIN ELIZABETH T. , LIU YIRAN E. , OGBUNU C. BRANDON , BASU SANJAY
Published: October 2024

Policy Points

A large population of incarcerated people may be eligible for prerelease and transition services under the new Medicaid Reentry Section 1115 Demonstration Opportunity. We estimated the largest relative population increases in Medicaid coverage from the opportunity may be expected in smaller and more rural states.

We found that mental illness, hepatitis C, and chronic kidney disease prevalence rates were sufficiently high among incarcerated populations to likely skew overall Medicaid population prevalence of these diseases when prerelease and transition services are expanded, implying the need for planning of additional data exchange and service delivery infrastructure by state Medicaid plans.

Context

As states expand prerelease and transition services for incarcerated individuals under the Medicaid Reentry Section 1115 Demonstration Opportunity, we sought to systematically inform Medicaid state and plan administrators regarding the population size and burden of disease data available on incarcerated populations in both jails and prisons in the United States.

Methods

We analyzed data on eligibility criteria for new Medicaid prerelease and transition services based on incarceration length and health conditions across states. We estimated the potentially eligible populations in prisons and jails, considering various incarceration lengths and health status requirements. We also compared disease prevalence in the incarcerated population with that of the existing civilian Medicaid population.

Findings

We found that rural and smaller states would experience a disproportionately large proportion of their Medicaid populations to be eligible for prerelease and transition services if new Medicaid eligibility rules were broadly applied. Self‐reported psychological distress was notably higher among incarcerated individuals compared with those currently on Medicaid. The prevalence rates of previously diagnosed chronic hepatitis C and kidney disease were also much higher in the incarcerated population than the existing civilian Medicaid population.

Conclusions

We estimated large volumes of potentially Medicaid‐eligible entrants as coverage policy changes take effect over the coming years, particularly impacting smaller and more rural states. Our findings reveal very high disease prevalence rates among the incarcerated population subject to new Medicaid coverage, including specific chronic, infectious, and behavioral health conditions that state Medicaid programs, health plans, and providers may benefit from advanced planning to address.
The Costs of Contractual Certainty: RTI v MUR Shipping
Authors: MacMahon Paul
Published: October 2024

In RTI Ltd v MUR Shipping BV the UK Supreme Court resolved a knife‐edge issue of contract interpretation that divided judges and arbitrators. The Court's decision, which concerns the effect of a force majeure clause, showcases a traditional English approach to the interpretation of mercantile contracts. The case repays close attention for several reasons; in its lack of attention to the parties’ particular purposes, its reliance on canons of construction, and its heavy stress on commercial certainty to the exclusion of other values, the Supreme Court's judgment sits uneasily with modern pronouncements on interpretation. The decision is also in tension with a line of authority disapproving of constructions that facilitate opportunism.
Balancing politics and parenthood: Public perceptions of MPs taking parental leave in the UK
Authors: SMITH JESSICA C.
Published: October 2024

Family‐friendly practices in parliaments are central to the recruitment and retention of diverse representatives. Yet, instituting such reforms raises questions about public reactions, something little tested in current work. A conjoint experiment in the United Kingdom tests if the public punish MPs for taking time off their elected roles for a baby. And, importantly, asks who pays the price? Against expectations, MPs who take parental leave are not punished by the public. Voters prefer MPs who are parents, even when they take leave. Crucially, this preference is contingent upon MP sex. Women MPs who take parental leave are consistently the preferred choice over their male counterparts. When the ‘costs’ of parenthood are emphasised, women MPs receive a parenthood benefit, while men MPs do not. The findings align with the recent positive bias for women in electoral choice experiments and lend further support to implementing family‐friendly policies in politics.
The association of ideal cardiovascular health and its change with subclinical atherosclerosis according to glucose status: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Jia Xiaojing , Ding Yilan , Hu Chunyan , Lin Hong , Lin Lin , Wu Xueyan , Qi Hongyan , Wang Shuangyuan , Zheng Ruizhi , Zheng Jie , Xu Min , Xu Yu , Wang Tiange , Zhao Zhiyun , Chen Yuhong , Li Mian , Ning Guang , Wang Weiqing , Hu Weiguo , Bi Yufang , Lu Jieli
Published: October 2024

Background

An updated definition was developed to better evaluate cardiovascular health (CVH). We aimed to investigate whether optimal or improvement of six CVH metrics defined by new Life's Essential 8 (LE8) may counteract the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis among patients with hyperglycemia.

Methods

We conducted a prospective analysis of 5225 participants without prior cardiovascular diseases, of whom 4768 had complete data on CVH change. Subjects with CVH scores of 0–49, 50–79, and 80–100 points were categorized as having low, moderate, or high CVH, respectively. Subclinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity, pulse pressure and albuminuria, both separately and in combination.

Results

Of the 5225 participants, 1937 (37.1%) had normal glucose regulation, while 3288 (62.9%) had hyperglycemia. The multivariable‐adjusted odds ratio (OR) for composite subclinical atherosclerosis was 2.34 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.88–2.91), 1.43 (95% CI, 1.21–1.70), and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.46–1.18), for participants with hyperglycemia who had low, moderate, or high overall CVH scores, respectively, compared with participants with normal glucose regulation. In addition, compared with those with stable CVH and normal glucose regulation, participants who exhibited greater improvements in overall CVH from 2010 to 2014 had a reduced risk of composite subclinical atherosclerosis with an OR of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.53–0.98) for those with normal glucose regulation, and 1.13 (95% CI, 0.87–1.48) for those with hyperglycemia.

Conclusions

The novel defined CVH using six metrics was inversely associated with subsequent risk of subclinical atherosclerosis. Both the status of CVH and its changes modified the relationship between hyperglycemia and subclinical atherosclerosis.

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Digital geopolitics in a VUCA world: China encounters a new global order
Authors: Liu Hong , Miao Chunzi
Published: October 2024

This article examines the evolving landscape of digital geopolitics, with a focus on the intensifying technological rivalry between the United States and China. It discusses how digital transformation is reshaping global power structures, influenced by and contributing to the bifurcation of the world through strategic initiatives and differing digital ecosystems. The article distinguishes digital geopolitics from conventional geopolitics and techno‐nationalism on several fronts: the shift from hard power centred on territorial control to digital dominance; the transcendence of geographical boundaries that have conventionally defined geopolitical conflicts; the evolution from traditional political alliances to strategic technological partnerships; and the competition over setting international standards. Additionally, it addresses how corporate power plays a pivotal role in this new era, contributing to the shaping of the digital geopolitical landscape. Through case studies of Huawei and TikTok, this article demonstrates the influence of digital geopolitics on international business (and vice versa) as well as the intensified bifurcation of the digital ecosystems. The article concludes by arguing that digital geopolitics serves as both the by‐product of and contributor to the volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) world in which China is encountering a new global order.
Cutting‐edge public space and community‐building experiences from a user experience (UX) perspective – A multinational comparison
Authors: Ursine Fernando , Ong Yi Xuan
Published: October 2024

The rise of smart cities has raised innovative ideas on public designs that provide opportunities for community building. Despite extant academic conversations discussing community formation and community management through urban design, there is a lack of literature on the role of the public sector in community building and redevelopment of spaces for the local community. This research aims to gain a better understanding of the importance of how local governments in various countries create and operate public facilities that are intended to allow residents to exchange ideas, learn, and have fun, and how they also pay attention to the esthetics and design of their surroundings to create comfortable spaces for the people. Examining through the perspectives of city design, political science, and urban sociology, and considering the impact that COVID‐19 had on the use of these spaces, this research proposes a benchmark for community building through urban design and analyzes in detail case studies from four different cities: Sapporo, Helsinki, São Paulo, and Singapore. Findings from our proposed benchmark contribute to the theory, and inform public stakeholders and local government to create, activate, and manage current and future public spaces to better serve the residents and attract new residents.
Introduction: Agile governance for a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous world
Authors: Liu Hong , Lee Celia , Goh Jeremy
Published: October 2024

This special issue on ‘Governing a VUCA World’ aims to contribute to ongoing endeavours in expanding the practices and theories of governance by bringing in perspectives and case studies from the Global South at a time of great turbulence and uncertainties. It hopes to further advance discussions pertaining to various aspects of Asian experiences of governance in developing a model of transnational governance that embraces agility and flexibility in navigating a VUCA world that is fraught with volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity.
The interdisciplinary field of Sleep Medicine—time for dentists to sink their teeth into it!
Authors: Cistulli PA , Balasubramaniam R
Published: October 2024

Sleep Medicine has evolved into a highly multidisciplinary field over the last few decades, involving respiratory physicians, neurologists, cardiologists, ENT surgeons, psychiatrists and psychologists to name a few. It is within this highly multidisciplinary context that we have seen an increasing role for dentists in the recognition, diagnosis and management of select sleep disturbances and disorders. Over the last couple of decades, this growing role for dentists has seen the informal emergence of a new interdisciplinary field of Dental Sleep Medicine—a field that bridges medicine and dentistry as it pertains to the diagnosis and management of sleep disorders. This article describes this new field in terms of its history, the evolving scope of practice for dentists, the implications for education and training, and the importance of multidisciplinary care that optimises outcomes for patients.
Labour Abroad as a Struggle for Land: Young Migrants’ Dream of a Rural Return to Myanmar
Authors: Mortensen Sofie
Published: October 2024

This article examines land struggles that take place outside of the land in question, in order to show that rural youth continue to have an interest in rural and agrarian life despite out‐migration. Through life‐story interviews and photovoices with young Myanmar migrants in Thailand's agriculture and tourism sectors, the article shows how rural land serves as the material and emotional basis for young migrants’ imagined futures. Indeed, the vast majority leave Myanmar behind with the dream of saving up to acquire land and set up both agrarian and non‐agrarian livelihoods in their villages of origin. I argue that rural out‐migration and labour abroad need to be considered as struggles for land, driven by emotional attachments to rural areas and life. Importantly, difficult conditions in Thailand and Myanmar, aggravated by COVID‐19 and the 2021 Myanmar military coup, make it difficult for these aspirations to be realised. The findings in this article are crucial to fostering rural futures that can encompass rural youth.
One anastomosis gastric bypass in a patient with situs inversus totalis and severe obesity
Authors: Jazaeri Seyed Ali , Yarigholi Fahimeh , Pazouki Abdolreza
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Obesity is a widespread health concern, and bariatric surgery has shown promise as an effective treatment for addressing this issue. The increasing global prevalence of obesity has led to a rise in the occurrence of obesity alongside rare conditions such as situs inversus totalis (SIT). One of the most effective bariatric surgeries, one‐anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), has gained popularity in recent years.

Materials and Surgical Technique

We report a successful case of OAGB in a patient with a body mass index (BMI) of 51.48 kg/m2 and SIT.

Discussion

It is worth noting that in skilled hands, OAGB can be both effective and safe for patients with anatomical abnormalities like SIT.
Modulation of mitochondrial permeability transition pores in reperfusion injury: Mechanisms and therapeutic approaches
Authors: Morciano Giampaolo , Pinton Paolo
Published: October 2024

Ischemia/reperfusion injury is attracting continuous interest in science for two reasons: because it affects several clinical conditions and because it has been identified, albeit in broad terms, the molecular entity becoming activated by the reperfusion damage paradoxes. Indeed, calcium, oxygen‐dependent oxidative stress and pH would activate conformational changes in the mitochondrial cristae embedded F1/FO ATP synthase, allowing the formation of pores in the inner mitochondrial membrane thus increasing its permeability. This is a key determinant for mitochondrial stress, cell death and tissue dysfunction. Targeting each of these factors has never contributed to improved clinical outcome of the patients affected by reperfusion damage; now, the focus on the PTP opening could represent the closest target to solve this pathway made by extensive cell death when the tissues become revascularized. In this review, we summarized last knowledge about the structure, the modulation and the therapeutic targeting of the PTP, focusing on ATP synthase and cardiac ischemia/reperfusion.
Who bears the cost of nationalism? A spatial analysis on the unintended spillover effects of boycotts
Authors: Chen Huiyi
Published: October 2024

Politically motivated boycotts aim to harm the sales of goods associated with foreign rivals, but can also harm the domestic economy if the goods are domestically produced. This paper examines the unintended effects of the 2012 Chinese boycott of Japanese cars on China's automobile supply chain. By comparing changes in employment between auto parts and non‐parts industries located at various distances from Japanese joint ventures (JV), I find that auto parts manufacturers near the Japanese JVs experienced a 10%–17% reduction in employment after the boycott.