bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El chocolate y la salud cardiovascular
Authors: Posada Jaramillo Myriam , Pineda Salinas Vanesa , Correal Arango Ana Lucía
Published: September 2023

El chocolate es un alimento de consumo masivo en todo el mundo, lo ingieren personas de todas las culturas y grupos de edad; por tal motivo, es de gran importancia que los profesionales del área de la salud y de otras áreas relacionadas con los alimentos, tengan un conocimiento claro sobre sus propiedades metabólicas y nutricionales, basadas en estudios experimentales y clínicos, con el fin de poder ayudar al público en general a tomar decisiones sobre su dieta. En un gran número de investigaciones se ha demostrado que la grasa del chocolate no afecta las concentraciones de colesterol total, ni de lipoproteínas LDL. Este efecto puede ser debido al ácido esteárico o a la composición única de sus ácidos grasos que sumado a sus componentes fenólicos, le confieren propiedades metabólicas especiales. El chocolate es un alimento con alto contenido de polifenoles, especialmente epicatequinas, catequinas y procianidinas, con un buen grado de biodisponibilidad que hacen que posea una potente actividad antioxidante, muy útil en la prevención de trastornos crónicos como las enfermedades cardiovasculares y el cáncer.
Primer coloquio nacional de investigación en alimentacion y nutrición Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética
Authors: Gómez Cifuentes Dora Nicolasa
Published: September 2023

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Rastreando lo alimentario
Authors: Alzate Yepes Teresita
Published: September 2023

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Investigaciones. Nacionales terminadas
Authors: Perspectivas en Nutrición Humana Revista
Published: September 2023

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Investigaciones. Internacionales terminadas
Authors: Perspectivas en Nutrición Humana Revista
Published: September 2023

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Educación. Metodología para un proceso de reconstrucción del objeto en las profesiones La nutrición y dietética como caso
Authors: Galeano Londoño José Ramiro
Published: September 2023

En el proceso de transformación curricular es necesario construir o reconstruir, lo que ha sido definido en la educación tradicional como objeto de estudio para darle su nueva connotación de objeto de transformación con su doble dimensión: objeto de transformación o de conocimiento, y sujeto de transformación o desempeño integral. Para su configuración es necesario un recorrido por: concepciones, ámbito o espacio, conexión con el campo general del conocimiento, posibles objetos, métodos y estado actual de la investigación, en este caso, de nutrición y dietética. Su definición y conexión es fundamental para la delimitación de líneas de investigación. En consecuencia, se crea la necesidad de nuevos modelos pedagógicos para su desarrollo.
Actualización. Alternative Strategies for Assessing Central Adiposity
Authors: Hoover Loretta W.
Published: September 2023

A medida que nos aproximamos al nuevo milenio, se observa en todo el mundo un incremento en las tasas de incidencia de las enfermedades crónicas. Específicamente, la adipocidad central, se reconoce como un aspecto del Síndrome Metabólico, que predispone a los individuos a las enfermedades crónicas. de tejido adiposo en la región abdominal, usualmente involucra un aumento en el tejido adiposo profundo y visceral. La determinación del riesgo que conlleva tener un incremento en el tejido adiposo visceral y la adiposidad central, ha llevado a evaluar diversos métodos para detectar la cantidad de adiposidad abdominal. Las técnicas de evaluación de la composición corporal regional han sido desarrolladas para tamizar el incremento de riesgo para el Síndrome Metabólico. Estas técnicas incluyen mediciones antropométricas, índices de medición antropométrica y técnicas de imagen, que permiten la determinación de la cantidad de tejido adiposo subcutáneo y visceral. La circunferencia de la cintura y el diámetro sagital abdominal, son las técnicas antropométricas preferidas para evaluar adiposidad central en los adultos. El umbral de los valores para la circunferencia de la cintura y el diámetro sagital, requiere evaluación posterior para determinar cuáles puntos de corte representan riesgo de sufrir enfermedades crónicas en diferentes grupos de población e individuos con estaturas diferentes.
Industria. El chocolate, una opción saludable
Authors: Vives Cabarcas Judith
Published: September 2023

El chocolate es uno de los alimentos más apetecidos en el mundo, su agradable y estimulante sabor y su textura, proporcionan una sensación placentera al consumirlo. La mantequilla de cacao, es responsable de ello, debido a que se funde a la temperatura de la boca, liberando lentamente el sabor del chocolate mientras se come. Además del sabor y la sensación placentera, los científicos han descubierto muchos beneficios de los constituyentes del chocolate en la salud y en la nutrición, atribuidos a su alto contenido de fitoquímicos y a la calidad de los ácidos grasos de la mantequilla de cacao. En este artículo, se hace una revisión de los resultados de estudios relacionados con los efectos del chocolate en la salud y la nutrición humana.
Percepciones frente a la alimentación y nutrición del escolar
Authors: Restrepo Mesa Sandra Lucia
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: describir las dinámicas presentes en la alimentación y nutrición del escolar desde el punto de vista de los escolares, los profesores y los padres de familia. Metodología: se realizó un estudio cualitativo, bajo etnografía focalizada, en la Escuela Tomas Carrasquilla de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Los participantes fueron 29 escolares, 12 profesores y 16 madres de familia a los cuales se les realizaron diferentes tipos de entrevista de tipo cualitativo. Resultados: en el estudio se en­contró que en un medio con carencias y con alto grado de violencia social, se desarrollan diferentes estrategias de vida para afrontar la situación alimentaría y nutricional tanto en el ámbito familiar como escolar. Los escolares de acuerdo con su estado nutricional asumen su cuerpo como un instrumento que contribuye a la inclusión o exclusión en sus procesos de socialización. Padres, profesores y escolares asumen la desnutrición como una enfermedad con claros signos y síntomas que deben ser afrontados tanto en el ámbito familiar como escolar. Conclusión: los patrones de alimentación familiar determinan el estado nutricional y la conducta alimentaria de los escolares, lo que influye en la salud física y sicológica del escolar.
Significado del saber popular en alimentación en un grupo de nutricionistas dietistas
Authors: Arboleda Montoya Luz Marina
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: comprender el significado que tiene para el nutricionista dietista el saber popular en alimentación. El enfoque investigativo utilizado fue el cualitativo y se abordó con una aproximación metodológica que permitió la co-construcción del tema en forma grupal para encontrar el sentido que tiene el saber popular en alimentación para dichos profesionales. Método: investigación cualitativa, con un grupo de 34 nutricionistas dietistas del Área Metropolitana del Valle del Aburrá (Medellín-Colombia), pertenecientes a entidades gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, que laboran en programas educativos de promoción de la salud. Conclusiones: la gran influencia del modelo bio­médico entre estos profesionales, el cual se constituye como un subuniverso de significados a través del cual interpretan y normatizan el mundo de las personas en términos de alimentación y nutrición. El nutricionista dietista en su definición valora el saber popular, pero al confrontarlo con el modelo biomédico, lo subvalora y desdeña y lo siente estorboso en su quehacer.
Nutrición pública: una visión integral e integradora
Authors: Álvarez Uribe Martha Cecilia
Published: September 2023

La nutrición pública es la aplicación de la ciencia de la nutrición centrada en las poblaciones, está ligada a las políticas públicas, a la investigación y a la formación. Sus acciones se realizan con interés por lo público, con la participación de la población y de todos los sectores del desarrollo económico y social. La nutrición pública estudia los procesos de alimentación y nutrición en colectivos humanos y los factores políticos, sociales, económicos, culturales, ambientales y éticos que inciden en el bienestar nutricional de la población; contribuye a elevar la comprensión y a la toma de conciencia de las causas y consecuencias de los problemas nutricionales de la población y a que la sociedad ejerza la defensa del derecho a condiciones sociales que eleven su calidad de vida.   Hoy, la nutrición pública se enfrenta a múltiples fenómenos que tienen influencia directa sobre la situa­ción alimentaria y nutricional de la población, como: el crecimiento y envejecimiento de la población, la transición epidemiológica y nutricional, la urbanización y la industrialización, la globalización, los problemas medioambientales, la profundización de la iniquidad y el incremento de la pobreza en los grupos sociales marginados. Fenómenos a que debe responder con políticas basadas en la evidencia científica y con programas globales y sostenibles.
Relación entre la concentración de proteína C reactiva y el perfil lipídico en niños de bajo estrato socioeconómico que participan del Programa Complementación Alimentaria Alianza MANA-ICBF. Antioquia
Authors: Álvarez Uribe Martha Cecilia , Giraldo Giraldo Nubia Amparo , Aguirre Acevedo Daniel Camilo
Published: September 2023

Introducción: la proteína C reactiva (PCR) es un marcador de enfermedad sistémica considerada en los últimos años como factor de riesgo emergente para enfermedad cardiovascular en adultos. Pocos estudios han evaluado simultáneamente los valores de PCR y perfil lipídico en niños sanos. Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre la PCR y el perfil lipídico en niños del Programa Complementación Alimentaria Alianza MANA-ICBF en Antioquia. Metodología: estudio analítico de corte transversal. Población y muestra: la población estuvo constituida por 2.754 niños de bajo estrato socioeconómico participantes de la investigación “Contexto socioeconómico, estado nutricional, de salud e ingesta dietética de los niños del Programa Complementación Alimentaria Alianza MANA- ICBF”. La muestra la conformaron 201 niños con PCR alta y 201 con PCR normal. Resultados: la media y la mediana de colesterol unido a las lipoproteínas de alta densidad fue menor en los niños con PCR alta (p=0,034). En los niños con PCR alta la prevalencia de CT/c-HDL alta (OR=1,8) IC 95% [1,03-3,16] p =0,037, fue mayor que la hallada en los niños con PCR normal. Conclusión: en este grupo de estudio, los niños con una PCR elevada, tienen mayor probabilidad de presentar una relación CT/c-HDL alta, considerada como factor de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular.
Body image: differences and similarities between Colombian and Dutch teenagers
Authors: Ochoa Hoyos Ana María
Published: September 2023

Corrección al abstract publicado en el Vol. 9, Nº°2, 2007, p. 119
Respuesta inflamatoria en niños con desnutrición aguda grave y anemia
Authors: Velásquez Rodríguez Claudia Maria , Navarro B. Carolina , González M. Ángel
Published: September 2023

Introducción: El manejo de la infección todavía es un reto en el tratamiento del desnutrido grave porque la inmunosupresión y la anemia concomitante comprometen la respuesta inflamatoria. Obje­tivo: Comparar la respuesta inflamatoria entre niños con desnutrición aguda grave tipo marasmo y kwashiorkor y niños eutróficos con y sin anemia (grupos control), mediante la medición de los niveles de proteína C reactiva (PCR) y de las citocinas pro-inflamatorias IL-8, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNFα e IL-12. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, donde se determinaron los niveles de algunos indicadores de la respuesta inflamatoria como proteína C reactiva (PCR), citocinas pro-inflamatorias como IL-8, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α e IL-12p70, hemoglobina y ferritina en un grupo de 40 niños: 10 con marasmo, 10 con kwashiorkor, 10 eutróficos con anemia y 10 eutróficos sin anemia. Resultados. La PCR fue significativamente mayor en desnutridos que en eutróficos. Las concentraciones de las citocinas pro-inflamatorias fueron más altas en niños con kwashiorkor seguidos de eutróficos con anemia, marasmáticos y eutróficos sin anemia. La hemoglobina se correlacionó negativamente con los niveles de IL-8 (r=-0,409 p=0,009), IL-6 (r=-0,442 p=0,004) e IL-10 (r=-0,436 p=0,005). Conclusión. Los niños con desnutrición aguda grave producen una respuesta inflamatoria con aumento en los niveles de la PCR y de citocinas pro-inflamatorias que indican infección aun cuando no presenten signos, lo cual apoya la recomendación del protocolo de la OMS de medicarlos con antibióticos. Adicionalmente, estos resultados sugieren que las citocinas pro-inflamatorias podrian participar en la patogénesis de la anemia en pacientes con o sin desnutricion.
Variabilidad de la dieta de las mujeres jóvenes universitarias, su influencia sobre los criterios de evaluación dietética
Authors: Monterrey Pedro , Cortés Yadyra , Corredor Carlos , Acosta Alexandra , Caicedo Paula
Published: September 2023

No existen muchos artículos sobre la variabilidad de la dieta, la recolección de información durante múltiples días es complicada. La validez de los esquemas de evaluación dietética basados en los registros o recordatorios de 24 horas depende de esa variabilidad. Se evaluó, durante 28 días, la ingesta diaria de 43 estudiantes universitarias mediante un diario de consumo; la calidad de los datos se aseguró mediante entrenamiento y controles semanales. El principal hallazgo fue la presencia de heterocedasticidad entre las varianzas de las ingestas de energía y los diferentes nutrientes analizados: siendo incorrectos, para este grupo poblacional, los esquemas de recolección de información del consumo aplicados usualmente en la práctica clínica y la investigación epidemiológica. Estos esquemas consisten en la evaluación del consumo de un individuo dentro de un rango de 1 a 7 días, siendo 2 ó 3 días el procedimiento más popular. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que estos esquemas no corresponden con los patrones de variabilidad. Se propuso considerar una distribución de probabilidades para representar el comportamiento de la variabilidad en esa población. Las diferencias en la variabilidad de la ingesta tuvieron un importante efecto sobre el número de días necesarios para estimar los patrones de consumo individual.
Malaria, desnutrición en niños e inseguridad alimentaria en sus hogares: una revisión
Authors: Uscátegui Peñuela Rosa Magdalena , Corrales Agudelo Lady Vanessa , Pérez Tamayo Eliana María , Correa Botero Adriana , Manjarrés Correa Luz Mariela , Carmona Fonseca Jaime , Estrada Restrepo Alejandro
Published: September 2023

Antecedentes: la malaria, la desnutrición y la inseguridad alimentaria, son problemas de salud pública en Colombia, que deben estudiarse integradamente. Objetivo: describir la relación entre morbimortalidad por malaria con desnutrición proteico-calórica, anemia y deficiencia de vitamina A y de zinc en los niños e inseguridad alimentaria en sus hogares, al igual que el efecto de los suplementos poblacionales de retinol, hierro y zinc sobre morbimortalidad por malaria. Metodología: se consultaron Medline y otras bases biográficas. Resultados: la desnutrición proteico-calórica y las deficiencias de vitamina A y zinc, aumentan la morbimortalidad por malaria. Los estudios sobre los efectos de los suplementos poblacionales de micronutrientes en niños sobre morbimortalidad por malaria por P. falciparum muestran: los de vitamina A, sugieren efecto protector, los de zinc no tienen resultados concluyentes frente a la malaria pero otros beneficios y los de hierro, tienen efecto perjudicial. Los estudios sobre los efectos de tales suplementos sobre la morbimortalidad por malaria por P. vivax son incipientes y en el caso del hierro, parecen estar influenciados por la edad de los niños y si se usan solos o combinados con zinc. La malaria coexiste con la inseguridad alimentaria en el hogar y la prevención de esta última contribuye a reducir la desnutrición infantil y posiblemente la morbimortalidad por malaria. Conclusión: reducir la inseguridad alimentaria disminuirá la desnutrición infantil y las deficiencias de micronutrientes, así contribuirá a reducir la morbi-mortalidad por malaria. En zonas endémicas para P. falciparum, los suplementos poblacionales de vitamina A tienen resultados promisorios: los efectos de los suplementos de zinc no son claros aún y los de hierro son perjudiciales.
Oportunidades y desafíos para la educación en nutrición utilizando las guías alimentarias en Chile
Authors: Olivares Cortés Sonia
Published: September 2023

Al formular las guías alimentarias 2005 para la población chilena se consideró tanto la situación epidemiológica actual como la experiencia obtenida de las primeras guías alimentarias del país publicadas en 1997. Las guías actuales incluyen mensajes técnicos elaborados por un comité de expertos, y una propuesta elaborada con el apoyo de comunicadores sociales, para hacerlos más atractivos y comprensibles a la población. Este artículo plantea las oportunidades que ofrecen los programas gubernamentales, el desarrollo de productos más saludables por la industria alimentaria y el interés de los medios por la alta prevalencia de obesidad, para la difusión de los mensajes de las guías. Señala como desafío la necesidad de incorporar estrategias de marketing social, utilizadas con éxito en países desarrollados, para mejorar la efectividad de las intervenciones en las que se utilizan las Guías Alimentarias. El marketing social es considerado un enfoque útil para los nutricionistas y profesionales de salud en sus actividades en salud pública.
Editorial
Authors: Uscátegui Peñuela Rosa Magdalena
Published: September 2023

Es grato presentar en este nú mero de la R evista cuatro artículos relacionados con la nutrición de los niños. Nunca antes la nutrición infantil hab ía despertado tanto interé s como hastaahora, deb ido a que la adecuada nutrición y los trastornos de la misma, como la desnutrición y la ob esidad, determinan directamente el estado de salud-enfermedad, no solo durante laniñez sino que en algunos casos las consecuencias persisten hasta la vida adulta.
Relación entre malaria, desnutrición, inseguridad alimentaria y condiciones socioeconómicas, en niños de Turbo, Colombia
Authors: Uscátegui Peñuela Rosa Magdalena , Pérez Tamayo Eliana María , Corrales Agudelo Lady Vanessa , Correa Botero Adriana , Estrada Restrepo Alejandro , Carmona Fonseca Jaime
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: asociar malaria con estado nutricional, seg uridad alimentaria y factores socioeconómicos. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal, en niños de 2 a 14 años, del corregimiento El Tres, Turbo (Colombia), distribuidos en dos grupos, con malaria (76) y sin malaria (147). S e analizó estado nutricional, seg uridad alimentaria y factores socioeconómicos. Resultados: las prevalencias en el grupo con malaria versus el grupo sin malaria fueron respectivamente: 39,5% y 25,2% (p= 0,028) de desnutrición crónica en los niños; 94,7 % y 92,5% de inseguridad alimentaria en sus hogares y la escolaridad de la madre 3±3 y 4±3 años (0,041), respectiv amente. E l riesg o de pertenecer al grupo con malaria se incrementó por desnutrición crónica de los niños (OR:1,94; IC95%1,07 -3,50)y por habitar viviendas precarias, con mala calidad de techos (OR:5,95;IC95%2,28-15,55), pisos (OR:2,05;IC95%1,06-3,82) y carencia de electricidad OR:3,85;IC95%2,10-6,90). Conclusiones: se encontraron altas prevalencias de inseguridad alimentaria, condiciones socioeconómicas desfavorables y desnutrición crónica, esta última y las condiciones precarias de las viviendas se asociaron positivamente con malaria, la escolaridad de las madres fue menor en el grupo con malaria. Este es el primer estudio colombiano que asocia malaria, desnutrición y condiciones socioeconómicas adversas en niños.
La cocina y la escritura: ¡Qué buen casao!
Authors: Alzate Yepes Teresita
Published: September 2023

La alocución “casao” está descrita en el Diccionario de las hablas populares de Antioquia como: conjunto de dos porciones alimenticias, una dulce y otra de sal, que se comen al mismo tiempo: “camine cómase un casaíto que usté hasta tendrá mucha hambre” (1). Pues bien, en términos sencillos, la expresión “casao” se refiere a una buena combinación, que para el caso de la cocina y la escritura vale la pena degustar y para ilustrarlo, aprovecharemos a Daniel Cassany, consumado escritor y mejor didacta de la escritura de la lengua castellana, por lo que para hacerle honor a su patria, pudiéramos decir a la usanza española… ¡Qué buen maridaje!
Antimicrobial Activities of Mangrove Species in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review
Authors: DELA CRUZ CARNAJE MA. MELANIE DALAINE , REBENQUE JON DAVE TORRES , CENIDOZA LIRIO GARY ANTONIO
Published: September 2023

Antimicrobial resistance in Southeast Asia is a macro-level health dilemma that may cause substantial casualties annually. Fortunately, Southeast Asian mangroves are potent reservoirs of bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties in correlation to their traditional usage. Hence, this study aimed to systematically review studies concerning antimicrobial activities of mangroves in Southeast Asia as well as provide a technological overview of its prospective use in pharmaceutical industry applications through patents. Through the PRISMA protocol, the search for peer-reviewed studies originated from Southeast Asia and published between 2010 to 2022 were conducted over databases such as CORE, Google Scholar, PubMed (MedLine), Science Direct, Semantic Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Additionally, a patent search was also performed on the Espacenet Patent Search, Google Patents, National Institute of Industrial Property, and United States Patent and Trademark Office. The studies and patents were collated on Mendeley Reference Manager as well as tabulated and assessed on Microsoft Office Excel 2016. After the four-phase screening, 59 studies and one patent regarding antimicrobial activities of Southeast Asian mangroves passed the criteria for the systematic review. It was inferred that Southeast Asia constitutes potentially most species-diverse mangroves with highly varied antimicrobial properties and can form synergism with drugs. The existing studies and patents may provide enlightenment on the future path of studies and inventions which must be continually substantiated in animal and clinical experiments for prospective pharmaceutical industry use. In this way, mangroves can be conserved while antimicrobial resistance and anthropogenic activities can be lowered.
The Relationship Between Relative Age and Tournament Success for 11-Year-Old Male Wrestlers in Turkey
Authors: YILDIRIM Yahya , DENİZ Murat
Published: September 2023

Children born in the first months of the same year are physically more advantageous than those born in the last months, and this advantage decreases as the athletes gets older. Athletes born in the last months of the year and unsuccessful may leave their careers at a young age. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between tournament success and birth months in 11-year-old Freestyle and Greco-Roman style wrestlers. It was hypothesized that wrestlers born in the first months of the year would be more successful than those born in the last months. Tournament ranking and birth date information of 327 wrestlers who participated in the Turkey 11-Year-Old Male Freestyle and Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Tournament were used. In order to examine the relationship between athlete success and birth months, Chi-Square analysis was performed by grouping birth months into four quarters of the year. It was observed that the success rankings of both Freestyle and Greco-Roman style wrestlers decreased from the first quarter to the last quarter of the year (Freestyle: χ2 = 42.749, df = 3, p = .000; Greco-Roman style: χ2 = 25.627, df = 3, p = .000). It is thought that birth months should be given importance when grouping at young ages, especially in sports branches such as wrestling, where physical contact is high.
Şaibeli Yayınlar ve Akademik Yozlaşma
Authors: ÖZKAYA Özgür
Published: September 2023

Şaibeli yayıncılar ve dergileri “akademisyenleri kendilerinde yayın yapmak için aldatan, gönderilen yayın taslaklarını nitelikli bir akran değerlendirmesine tabi tutmadan belirli bir ücret karşılığında hızlıca kabul ederek yayımlayan dolandırıcılar” olarak tanımlanmıştır. Ancak günümüz koşullarında şaibeli dergilere en büyük rağbet, aldatılarak tuzağa düşürülmeye çalışılan genç akademisyenlerden değil, durumun gayet farkında olan deneyimli akademik çevrelerden gelmektedir. Bu çevrelerin şaibeli yayınlarını genellikle önemli bir kadro ataması veya görevde yükselmenin hemen öncesindeki süreçte yaptıkları rapor edilmektedir. Bu durum akademide ciddi liyakat problemlerinin doğmasına neden olmuştur. Durumun uluslararası yansımaları da ülkemiz adına yüz kızartıcıdır. Ne yazıktır ki, şaibeli dergilerde en çok yayın yapılan ülkeler sıralamasında Türkiye üçüncü sıradadır. Bu derlemenin amacı, şaibeli dergilerde yayın yapma eyleminin yarattığı kirlenmenin önlenmesine katkı sağlamak ve Spor Bilimleri alanında faaliyet gösteren özellikle genç akademisyenleri bu eylemin içinde olmamaları konusunda bilgilendirmektir.
Telemedicine Consultations for Children With Musculoskeletal Injuries: Data from the Turner National Medical Research Center of Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery
Authors: Zorin Vyacheslav I. , Lukyanov Sergey A.
Published: September 2023

Background. Currently, the mortality rate of pediatric patients due to injuries surpasses mortality from other causes worldwide. The selection and timely transfer of the injured to specialized clinics are crucial elements of the healthcare system. Telemedicine consultations (TMC) are considered by several authors as an effective means to enhance the quality of trauma care and optimize patient routing processes.
Aim of the study was to analyze the results of urgent and emergent telemedicine consultations and hospitalizations based on telemedicine consultations for children with musculoskeletal injuries.
Methods. TMC requests from 2020 to 2022 were analyzed. When evaluating TMC requests, attention was given to the type of request (planned, urgent, emergent), the region from which the request originated, and the correspondence of the request’s urgency category to the patient’s diagnosis. The study also involved an analysis of the injury structure, its severity according to the Injury Severity Score (ISS) at the time of trauma, and the timelines for requesting and transferring to the federal clinic from the moment of injury.
Results. From 2020 to 2022, a total of 3745 requests for TMC were received. Among them, there were 572 urgent and emergent requests. A threefold increase in the number of TMC requests was observed over the span of three years. In the same period, 78 patients were transferred to the clinic. For 36 patients with combined and multiple injuries, the severity of trauma was assessed using the ISS scale. The average score was 31 (min 9; max 57). The average time for regional institutions to send a request from the moment of the patient’s hospitalization was 6.7 days. Hospitalization in the center’s clinic from the moment of injury was 10.3 days (min 1; max 58).
Conclusion. The study revealed the following issues that need to be addressed through further organizational steps: a high percentage of mismatch between the type of request and the actual clinical picture, delayed consultations, prolonged medical evacuation, and organizational aspects of medical evacuation.
Addressing ‘Adverse Community Experiences’ with a Collaborative Approach to Child Well-being
Authors: Morris Peter
Published: September 2023

In time, we can steadily raise up additional mental health and behavioral health professionals and programming. We can more rapidly alleviate distress and provide redress for parents, children, and families.
Transforming Child Health and Family Well-being
Authors: Wong Charlene , McNeal-Trice Kenya
Published: September 2023

Challenges to child health that pre-dated COVID-19, such as rising rates of child mental health issues, instability in the early care and education system, and food insecurity, accelerated during the pandemic. The health and well-being of children and families have been uniquely and disproportionately impacted. Children are paying the price as our strained child behavioral health, child welfare, and early care and education systems reach breaking points. The solutions that children and families need to recover stronger will require a whole-child and whole-family approach to health that addresses their physical, behavioral, and social needs. The articles in this edition of the NCMJ describe the scope of the challenges facing children and families in North Carolina and approaches to improving their health and well-being in priority areas including behavioral health, child welfare, early care and education, and nutrition.
Leveraging North Carolina’s Assets to Prevent Child Trauma
Authors: Fishbein Diana , Clepper-Faith Melissa , Owen Jenni
Published: September 2023

Adverse childhood experiences increase risk for a range of health problems. A statewide summit, “Leveraging North Carolina’s Assets to Prevent Child Trauma,” convened researchers, practitioners, educators, government officials, policymakers, and community stakeholders to identify common goals and determine next steps in a statewide plan to prevent and heal child trauma.
REDE DE ATENÇAO À SAÚDE NO VALE DO PARAÍBA E LITORAL NORTE PAULISTA
Authors: Santos Micael Henrique da Silva , Gomes Cilene , Marques Vitor Shinji Enomoto , Da Silva Fábio Augusto Pires
Published: September 2023

Considering the expanded concept of health and the possibility of interdisciplinary dialogues, the Paraíba Valley and North Coast of São Paulo  became an object of investigation based on an analysis of the geographic distribution of professionals and health establishments, whose objective was to examine their Care Network to Health, in order to identify possible independence in the organization of the urban network regarding the distribution of health services and bring thoughts and new assumptions to a preliminary discussion in the perspective of an integrated planning. The methodology used combined bibliographical and historical research with quantitative analysis based on statistical data from sources such as IBGE, RAIS, DATASUS and SEADE. Due to limitations, the results were not sufficient to state whether there is indeed a regional imbalance in the health care network, however, possible research developments were identified, and data analyzed allow the conclusion that there is a historical reproduction of socio-territorial inequalities
FATORES PREDITORES ASSOCIADOS AO SOBREPESO E OBESIDADE EM AGENTES COMUNITÁRIOS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Ruas Anna Paula Paulino , Khouri Bruno Borborema Salim , Santiago Daniel Souza de Paula , Silva Sarah Stéfany Lopes da , Caixeta Walker Henrique Viana , Malveira Matheus Maia Henriques , Fonseca Alenice Aliane , Rocha Josiane Santos Brant
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and the predictive factors associated with overweight and obesity in Community Health Agents (CHA). This is an analytical, cross-sectional study with CHA who act in the Family Health Strategy teams in the municipality of Montes Claros - Minas Gerais. Data collection occurred by on-site evaluation, containing sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical variables. The outcome variable referred to overweight and obesity, by the calculation of the body mass index. The association between the outcome variable and the independent variables was analyzed using the Poisson regression, with robust variance. 675 CHA were interviewed, half of whom presented overweight and obesity. The presence of overweight and obesity was associated with a working time greater than 5 years (RP- 1.16 - IC95% -1.03-1.31), being hypertensive (RP- 1.38 IC95% -1.23-1.55) and reporting a worse perception of the health status (RP-1.34- IC95% -1.18-1.51). It is concluded that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among CHA is worrying and most of the factors associated with the outcomes are subjected to changes when a healthy lifestyle is adopted
Dementia in Sport: Causation, Management and Prevention
Authors: Williams Donald
Published: September 2023

Dementia in sport emerged as a problem at the beginning of the 20th century, when "punch drunk syndrome" was diagnosed in boxers. This diagnosis was soon refined to dementia pugilistica and later to chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Since then dementia has appeared in other sports, particularly those involving violent collisions and/or head injuries. The problem continues in boxing, but during the 21st century dementia has become a significant problem in American Football, football in the United Kingdom (soccer) and rugby. For example, a recent study from Boston found evidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in >90% of former American Football players, and a controlled study of >7,000 soccer players found that the former footballers were 3.5 times more likely to die from dementia or other neuro-degenerative diseases than the controls, the increased risk being related to playing position and length of playing career, thus establishing a dose-response relationship. The emerging consensus is that dementia in sport is caused by repetitive subconcussive head injuries occurring over a long-playing career. The author asserts that the brain’s vulnerability to repeated minor blows to the head is due to its inherent fragility and evidence is provided to support this view. For effective prevention and management three steps are outlined. The first is recognition and acceptance of the brain’s vulnerability and fragility and mounting a public health initiative to educate the public and the sporting world. Second, all players at risk should have baseline cognitive tests which must be repeated regularly; if this show deterioration early retirement from the sport must be considered. The third recommendation is that all the sports regulatory bodies must explore with urgency how brain injuries in their specific field can be reduced and eliminated.
Hematological Markers: Testing a new diagnostic modality for Intrahepatic Cholestasis of pregnancy
Authors: Singla Anshuja , Thakur Preeti , Kar Rajarshi , Gogoi Priyanka , Jain Sandhya
Published: September 2023

Background: Intrahepatic Cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is the most common pregnancy specific liver disorder presenting usually in the 3rd trimester with unexplained pruritis, elevated serum bile acids and/or raised liver enzymes. ICP is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Serum total bile acids (TBA) are considered as a gold standard for diagnosis of ICP but are time consuming, expensive and not readily available everywhere. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and Red cell Distribution Width (RDW) are haematological inflammatory markers and are routinely available on a simple complete blood count test when asked for. Aims: To study the role of haematological inflammatory markers in Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) and their association with the severity of the disease. Methods: This prospective case-control study was done in a tertiary care setting in New Delhi, from January 2021- August 2022(20 months) wherein 82 women with ICP were recruited after a written and informed consent. NLR, MPV, RDW and TBA levels were done. 82 healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies served as the control group. Results: Both cases & controls were comparable in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. Mean TBA levels were 22.85+/-7.82 in mild cases(60 subjects) & 66.20+/-26.97 (22 severe cases). Cases delivered earlier between 37–38 weeks. Majority of women delivered vaginally & was statistically significant. Cases developed more fetal distress(42.7% vs 9.8%) NLR and MPV were significantly raised (p<0.05) while RDW was lower in cases. The cut off for NLR & MPV were statistically significant. Conclusion: MPV can serve as a good screening tool, a high sensitivity (95.1%) while NLR can serve as a confirmatory test as it has high specificity (96.3%) to make diagnosis of ICP, although further exploration with larger multicentric studies is required.
Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration for Stones at a Resource Poor Hospital in Trinidad & Tobago: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Cawich Shamir , Mohammed Fawwaz , Narayansingh Vijay
Published: September 2023

exploration at the time of cholecystectomy because exploration is perceived to have low clearance rates. We routinely perform laparoscopic explorations for CBD stones at the Port of Spain General Hospital in Trinidad & Tobago. This retrospective study sought to document outcomes after laparoscopic CBD exploration. Methods: We identified all patients who underwent laparoscopic CBD exploration for stone extraction at the General Hospital in Port of Spain over a ten-year period from January 1, 2013 to January 30, 2023. The following data were extracted: demographic details, operating time, stone clearance rates, retained stone rates, conversions, complications. All data were entered into an excel database and the data were analyzed with SPSS version 20. Results: Intra-operative cholangiograms were performed in 49 patients, and CBD stones identified in 12 (25%) patients at a mean age of 48.7+/- 8.63 years. These patients underwent laparoscopic CBD exploration without prior endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography. The mean stone burden was 4.7+/-2.54 stones. Four (33%) patients had attempts at trans-cystic exploration, and they all required choledochotomies to complete CBD exploration. Eight patients had initial attempts at choledochotomy for stone extraction. The mean operating time for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, operative cholangiography and CBD exploration with duct clearance was 169.6+/-35.1 minutes. There were 2 (17%) conversions, 1 (8.3%) complication (bile leak) and no mortality. Stone clearance rate was 91.7% (11). The mean duration of hospitalization was 0.6 days. There were no instances of retained or recurrent CBD stones in this series. Conclusions: While laparoscopic CBD exploration does demand increased skill sets, such as laparoscopic suturing, mastering duct exploration techniques, interpreting biliary anatomy and operative cholangiography, we have shown that it is feasible in the resource poor Caribbean setting. Surgeons planning to perform laparoscopic CBD exploration should have a working knowledge of biliary anatomy and variations and the ability to suture laparoscopically.
Pengaruh Limbah Cair Pabrik Gula terhadap Kondisi Air Sumur Pemukiman Warga
Authors: Lesmana Surya Budi , Permana Galih Nugraha Ady
Published: September 2023

Water has an important role for human life, one of which is for bathing needs, for drinking needs, and other needs. The content contained in the water can have a significant influence in the community. The research conducted is a study that uses well water as a sample and conducted in the lab using BOD, DO, and Fe levels testing, and using sampling methods. The sample used as many as 8 samples. There are test results of the average BOD level of 5.94 mg/l which means that the level is below the maximum level and shows good results, the average do level is worth 1.08 mg/l and has a minimum value of 4 mg/l and shows poor results, while Fe has an average yield of 0.11 mg/l and has a minimum value of 1 mg/l which indicates that fe levels are not polluted. From the data, it can be concluded that there are various levels and only DO levels have below averagevalues.
Photoinactivation of extensively drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria from healthcare-associated infections in Venezuela
Authors: El Hindawi Gamal , Varela-Rangel Yasmín Yinec , Araque María
Published: September 2023

Background: The overwhelming advance of antimicrobial resistance demands the incorporation of new antibiotics and effective alternative treatments, and among the latter, blue light phototherapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the photoinactivation effect of irradiation with blue light (405 nm) on extensively drug-resistance (XDR) Gram-negative bacteria from healthcare-associated infections
Methods: A lighting unit was made using a 50W LED fitted to a condenser lens to create an irradiance gradient. After characterization of the lamp and standardization of microbiological procedures, bacterial inocula of 1.5×107 CFU of 40 bacterial strains: 27 Enterobacterales and 13 Pseudomonadales were subjected to irradiation for 15 minutes with blue light. The results were analysed with the SPSS program and by applying the Shapiro-Wilk and Mann-Whitney tests. Survival rates were also calculated.
Results: 82.5% of the strains were photoinactivated, with inhibition thresholds between 86 and 126 J/cm2 for most of the Enterobacterales and below 86 J/cm2 in large part of the Pseudomonadales, these being the most sensitive group. 17.5% of the strains showed tolerance to irradiation thresholds up to>171 J/cm2. The survival rate decreased as the halo of inhibition of bacterial growth increased. The photoinactivating effect of blue light on the bacteria studied was a characteristic independent of the complexity of the resistance pattern that these strains presented.
Conclusions: The findings obtained show that blue light has an important photoinactivating effect against XDR Gram-negative bacteria of nosocomial origin and can be considered as a future therapeutic alternative to contain the phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance.
Nocturnal pain in adhesive capsulitis and subacromial ımpingement syndrome
Authors: Çağlar-Yağcı Hanife , Gençer-Atalay Kardelen , Kaplan Ebru , Yağcı Ilker
Published: September 2023

Background: Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) and adhesive capsulitis (AC) are the most common causes of shoulder pain. It is known that patients with both disorders have impaired sleep quality and increased levels of anxiety and depression. This study aimed to compare the sleep, disability, and affective states of patients with untreated AC and SIS.
Method: Patients with shoulder pain for more than three months and diagnoses of AC and SIS were included in the study. Pain was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS), disability by shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI), sleep quality by Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and anxiety and depression by hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS).
Results: The study included 65 patients (n=24 AC, n=41 SIS. Sleep was affected in both of the groups. The patients with AC had worse scores than patients with SIS including SPADI pain, SPADI-total, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep disturbance, using sleep mediation (p<0.05).  Sleep problems were correlated to anxiety and depression.
Conclusions: Despite the patients with SIS had higher SPADI-pain levels, the patients with AC had higher scores of SPADI-disabilities. Both of the groups had nocturnal pain and sleep problems but patients with AC had higher amount of sleep problems and depression mood compared to patients with SIS.
Effect of ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block with dexmedetomidine/ropivacaine on quality of life for elective open unilateral inguinal hernia repair in adults: a Mexican multicentric, randomized controlled trial study
Authors: Castillo Martínez Daniel Benito
Published: September 2023

Background: Hernia surgery is one of the most frequent procedures performed worldwide, with a prevalence of postoperative groin pain above 30%. Quality of life in hernia surgery has been poorly studied. Objective was to determine the effect on the quality of life of dexmedetomidine as a local anesthetic adjuvant in elective unilateral open inguinal repair.
Methods: A multicenter, prospective, randomized, single-blind, cases and controls study was carried out that included 46 male patients between 18 and 85 years scheduled to undergo elective unilateral open inguinal repair at the north central PEMEX Hospital between November 2021 and November 2022. Sample was divided in two groups, Group A for ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block with dexmedetomidine/ropivacaine and Group B ropivacaine alone, SF-36 was measured in preoperative consult and a second measure 90 days after surgery, differences between first and second measure were analyzed, and statistical analysis was performed with the statistical software IBM® SPSS© statistics.
Results: Significant difference in pre-test/post-test shifts between groups in physical functioning (PF), role limitation due to physical health (RLPH), emotional well-being (EW-B), and health change (HC) in favor of group A.
Conclusions: The ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block with dexmedetomidine/ropivacaine improves life quality in hernia surgery patients.
Comparative study of hypospadias morphology with normal age-matched subjects
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Singh Santosh Kumar , Rajan Manu
Published: September 2023

Background: Hypospadias is the most common congenital malformation of the penis, affecting about 4-6 males per 1000 births, and ranging in severity from a ventrally located urethral meatus that is slightly off-center to tip of penis to up to the perineal area. The current research is intended towards studying the morphology of hypospadias and undertakes a comparison with the age matched population.
Methods: It was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Himalayan institute of medical sciences, Swami Ram Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India over the period of 12 months. We included a total of 120 study subjects, consisting of 60 cases and 60 controls. All patients of hypospadias with no other genital pathology visiting the OPD for the 1st time were included. Patients were categorized as having distal (distal to corona), mid (proximal to corona & up to distal shaft), or proximal hypospadias (in the shaft). Mean maximum width, thickness and vertical length of the glans, stretched penile length, diameter and circumference of penile shaft were recorded.
Results: Variables like stretched penile length, width and circumference of mid penile shaft and variables like urethral plate, urethral groove, breadth of dorsal hood, maximum width and thickness of glans were found to be insignificant when compared with controls. However, vertical length of glans among cases was significantly less when compared with controls.
Conclusions: A significant association between vertical length of glans between controls and cases was found.
Comparative evaluation of storage time on the quality of platelet concentrates prepared from buffy coat at ambient temperature
Authors: Taggar Gurpreet Kaur , Singh Tarun Jot , Kumar Rajesh
Published: September 2023

Background: Buffy coat-platelets concentrates (BC-PC) are prepared within 6-8 hours of blood collection with 1-2 hours of hanging period which imposes time constraints and logistic problems when collecting blood from blood donation camps in wide geographic areas.
Methods: In our prospective study of one year at Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana we prepared 50 units of BC-PC after hanging BC for 2 hours and another 50 after storing BC O/N at ambient temperature. Platelet (plt) count, WBC contamination and other biochemical parameters in both groups of PC were analyzed on day 1 and day 5 of preparation.
Results: The mean plt counts of O/N BC-PC on day 1 was 8.36±1.22 × 1010, significantly higher than that of F (fresh) BC-PC (7.44±0.81 × 1010). On day 5, F BC-PC showed 6.21±0.88 × 1010 count while it was 6.87±0.96 × 1010 in O/N BC-PC. WBC contamination was lower in O/N BC-PC. On day 1, in F BC-PC WBC contamination was observed as 4.44±2.02 × 107 while in O/N BC-PC it was 3.19±3.33 × 107. On day 5, in F BC-PC WBC contamination was observed as 3.77±0.66 × 107 while in O/N BC-PC it was 2.92±1.71 × 107. Results of biochemical parameters (pH, pO2, pCO2, glucose) were significantly higher and better in F BC-PC but both methods of preparation provided plts optimal survival conditions throughout storage period.
Conclusions: O/N BC-PC provides a better-quality product while solving logistic problems.