bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bienestar psicológico y resiliencia en practicantes de hatha yoga de Lima metropolitana
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Cuba Rojas Rosario del Pilar
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la relación que existe entre el bienestar psicológico (BP) y la resiliencia (R) en una muestra de 122 practicantes de hatha yoga con edades comprendidas entre los 19 y 60 años (M = 34). Para ello, se utilizó la escala de BP para adultos de Casullo (2002) validada por Domínguez (2014) y la validación peruana de la escala de R de Wagnild y Young (Castilla, Coronel, Bonilla, Mendoza & Barboza, 2016). Tras el análisis respectivo, se encontró una correlación positiva entre la R y las dimensiones de Aceptación de uno mismo/Control de situaciones (rho = .294, p < .01) y Autonomía (rho = .298, p < .01); así como también se halló que dichas dimensiones, junto con la de Vínculos, podrían ser predictoras de la R. Lo encontrado podría guardar relación con características propias de la práctica de yoga y lo que esta genera en los practicantes.
Vivencias de sobrevivientes a pérdida por suicidio que asisten a un grupo de autoayuda
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Urdanivia Kozima Denisse
Published: December 2020

Objetivo. Describir las vivencias de sobrevivientes a pérdida por suicidio que asiste a un grupo de autoayuda. Método. Desde el paradigma cualitativo y bajo un diseño fenomenológico, se trabajó con cinco participantes que perdieron a familiares directos. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron una ficha sociodemográfica y una entrevista semiestructurada. Resultados. Fueron identificados dos momentos importantes dentro de sus vivencias: uno previo en el cual atravesaron solos por su proceso de duelo al sentirse invalidados por su entorno y uno posterior en el que buscaron incorporarse a un grupo de autoayuda. Conclusión. La experiencia de grupo les proporcionó un espacio de reciprocidad y contención donde encontraron personas con las cuales empatizaron desde la misma experiencia de la pérdida. Finalmente, la resignificación implica, en muchos casos, un nuevo sentido de vida.
Percepción de la relación líder-miembro y engagement en una muestra de colaboradores que trabaja de día y estudia de noche en Lima
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Aragonés Miró Quesada André
Published: December 2020

Se investigó la relación entre el engagement y la percepción del colaborador sobre la relación con su jefe. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 162 colaboradores de empresas, de los cuales el 53.1% fueron hombres mientras que el 46.9% fueron mujeres con un promedio de 29.8 años de edad. Debían formar parte de un equipo de trabajo. Los participantes respondieron la encuesta de bienestar en el trabajo (UWES) y la encuesta de percepción de intercambio líder – miembro (LMX-MDM). Se hipotetizó una relación directa, positiva y significativa entre las variables percepción del líder y engagement. De acuerdo a lo hipotetizado, los resultados mostraron que la variable percepción en el intercambio líder-miembro, compuesta por los factores respeto hacia el supervisor y trabajo positivo con el supervisor, se relaciona positivamente con el engagement, compuesta por los factores actitud positiva en el trabajo y continuidad en el trabajo. Esta investigación podrá ser utilizada como base para investigaciones futuras acerca de las dinámicas grupales en equipos de trabajo corporativos.
Principales factores internos que determinan la continuidad de las empresas familiares en Lima-Perú
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Fernández Valdivia Sinthia Yadhira , Salcedo Benites Angi
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar los principales factores internos que determinan la continuidad de las empresas familiares en Lima. La importancia de esta investigación radica en que estas representan el 80% de las empresas en el país, de los cuales el 20 % alcanza la segunda generación y sólo un 5% la tercera. En base al análisis de fuentes secundarias seleccionamos ocho factores que favorecen la continuidad de las empresas familiares: (i) visión, (ii) valores, (iii) educación, (iv) unidad familiar, (v) consejo de familia, (vi) protocolo familiar, (vii) directorio y (viii) planificación de la sucesión. El estudio se basó en el análisis cualitativo de alcance exploratorio, realizado a través de entrevistas a expertos de empresas familiares peruanas y a empresas familiares representadas por un socio o gerente. Las entrevistas se efectuaron con la finalidad de identificar los principales factores internos que las empresas familiares deben priorizar para lograr su continuidad. Del análisis de los resultados identificamos cuatro principales factores: (i) visión, (ii) valores, (iii) unidad familiar y (iv) planificación de la sucesión. De igual forma, del análisis de las respuestas de las empresas familiares entrevistadas se identificaron dos principales factores: (i) visión, (ii) valores y (iii) unidad familiar. Así pues, se concluye que tanto para los expertos como para las empresas familiares entrevistadas, los principales factores son la (i) visión, y (ii) valores y (iii) unidad familiar.
Estilos de Aprendizaje y el Cansancio Emocional en estudiantes de secundaria de un colegio privado de Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), León de las Casas Daniela
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar la diferencia en los puntajes de cansancio emocional según el tipo de estilo de aprendizaje en estudiantes de secundaria de un colegio privado de Lima Metropolitana. Para ello se evaluó 156 estudiantes (52.6% mujeres y 47.4 % hombres), cuyas edades oscilaron entre 15 y 17 años. Fueron evaluados con la adaptación peruana (Escurra, 1992) del Inventario de Estilos de aprendizaje (Kolb, 1984) y la adaptación peruana (Domínguez, 2013) de la Escala de Cansancio Emocional (Ramos et al., 2005). Como resultados principales se encontró que existen diferencias significativas entre el estilo acomodador y los estilos convergente, asimilador y mixto, presentándose en los tres casos un mayor cansancio emocional en los estudiantes con un estilo de aprendizaje acomodador. Así mismo, se encontró una diferencia significativa entre el estilo divergente y los estilos asimilador y mixto, presentándose en ambos casos un mayor cansancio emocional en los estudiantes con un estilo de aprendizaje divergente. Además, se encontró que existe una diferencia significativa de cansancio emocional según el género, siendo las mujeres las que puntúan más alto. Los resultados destacan la importancia de propiciar maneras diferentes de aprender para retar las capacidades del estudiante y evitar el cansancio emocional de éste.
Vínculo afectivo en parejas de adultos mayores de Lima y Callao
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Castro Tomaylla Rosa María
Published: December 2020

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo describir la manera en la se manifiesta el vínculo afectivo en parejas de adultos mayores de Lima y Callao. Este estudio fue de tipo cualitativo de diseño fenomenológico en él que se utilizó la técnica de entrevista semiestructurada. La muestra estuvo comprendida por 8 parejas de adultos mayores entre 60 a 80 años. Se utilizó el análisis de contenido para establecer las categorías: Contextualización, Expresiones Afectivas, Compromiso de la Pareja y Calidad de la Relación (de manera inductiva y deductiva) con las que se analizó lo expresado por cada participante. Se obtuvo que el vínculo afectivo de pareja está relacionado en cómo este, se ha construido y transformado durante el tiempo. Lo cual ha determinado la calidad de su relación actual. Las parejas que tienen un vínculo afectivo construido a base de amor refirieron que se sienten satisfechos con su relación y su amor ha incrementado con el paso de los años y se mantiene mediante caricias físicas, la expresión de sus emociones, comunicación, preocupación por el otro y confianza. Por otro lado, un grupo de parejas menciona que tienen un vínculo construido con base en la compañía; en donde actualmente no comparten un sentimiento de amor mutuo, presentan problemas de comunicación y existe desconfianza; sin embargo, hay una preocupación mutua por el bienestar de su pareja y mencionan que, si bien su relación como pareja no es satisfactoria, la familia conformada y las experiencias compartidas los motiva a permanecer y afrontar la vejez de manera conjunta.
Estilos de crianza y bienestar psicológico en adolescentes de colegios estatales de Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Zavala Carnesella Macarena
Published: December 2020

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo comparar los niveles de bienestar psicológico según los estilos de crianza en una muestra de 286 adolescentes entre 13 y 17 años de edad (M=15.51; DE = 1.069) de colegios estatales de Lima Metropolitana (53.8% mujeres y 46.2% varones). Se aplicó el BIEPS-J (Cortez, 2016) y la Escala de Estilos de Crianza (Merino & Arndt, 2004). El primer instrumento se trabajó unidimensionalmente (Domínguez-Lara & Navarro-Loli, 2018) y el segundo con la estructura de 3 factores propuesta por Merino y Arndt (2004). Ambos instrumentos evidenciaron adecuada consistencia interna. Más del 80% de la muestra tiene padres democráticos y los hijos con padres que manejan este estilo presentan un mayor nivel de bienestar psicológico frente a los otros estilos.
Felicidad según locus de control interno y externo en Adolescentes Miembros de Comunidades Católicas en Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Espinoza Sánchez Elias Greta Alejandra , Inga Guimaray Natalia
Published: December 2020

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar la comparación existente entre felicidad según locus de control interno y externo en adolescentes miembros de comunidades católicas en Lima Metropolitana. El estudio es de tipo comparativo y de corte transversal, con un diseño no experimental, en el que participaron 149 adolescentes entre 18 y 25 años, de los cuales el 56.6% son mujeres y el 43.4% son hombres. Para cumplir el objetivo se aplicó “Escala de locus de control Interno-Externo (E-I-E) de Rotter" (1966) validada por Porras (2017) y la “Escala de Felicidad de Lima” de Alarcón (2006). Además, existen diferencias significativas y pequeñas en satisfacción con la vida (r=.29, p < .01) y realización personal (r=.32, p < .01) respecto al locus de control externo. Además, existen diferencias significativas y a la vez pequeñas en la dimensión satisfacción con la vida según el sexo. Asimismo, existen diferencias entre la dimensión realización personal y motivo de ingreso a la comunidad. Finalmente, los resultados obtenidos, ayudarán a los líderes católicos a implementar metodologías con el objetivo de desarrollar la autonomía del adolescente, contribuyendo así al cumplimiento de objetivos que presenta la comunidad.
Incontinence: We Need to Talk About Leaks
Authors: Rosato-Scott Claire , Barrington Dani J. , Bhakta Amita , House Sarah J. , Mactaggart Islay , Wilbur Jane
Published: December 2020

Anyone, of any gender, at any age, can leak urine or faeces. What would you do if it happened to you? Imagine if you’d woken up this morning and you’d wet the bed. What would you do? Have a wash, put on clean clothes, change the bedding and put it in a washing machine? You may go to the shop and buy an incontinence pad. And perhaps if you knew that there was help available for leaking urine you’d make an appointment to see a doctor next week and then just carry on with the rest of your day, dignity intact. Now imagine if you’d woken up this morning and you’d wet the bed. But to have a wash, or clean your clothes and bedding, you’d have to walk for an hour to collect water. Imagine you are frightened to walk there alone, the path is steep and you struggle to use the hand pump. Even if you did get water, you don’t have enough soap so the smells would linger anyway. And after all that effort, you have nothing to wear to soak up urine if it happens again. What if you didn’t know that leaking urine was common, and you spent the rest of the day worried about your health and too embarrassed to go to work in case people could tell? What if you were worried that your partner would hit you again for making a mess so you had very little to drink all day for fear of it happening again? What can you do to support people living with incontinence? To start, we need to talk about leaks.
Characterization techniques: Life of Spyridon by Theodore of Paphos and its metaphrasis
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires. Argentina, Cavallero Pablo ,   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Argentina
Published: December 2020

This study analyzes the characterization techniques employed by Theodore of Paphos (7th century), as compared with those in the re-elaborated version by the anonymous 11th century author, in order to establish similarities, differences and particular intentions. The same basic strategies are used by both authors, but the metaphrast modifies them to underscore different qualities and to fit them to a different time period.
Repentance and conversion in Philo of Alexandria: forms, value, and eschatological consequences
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Argentina, Pérez Laura
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study is to analyze the passages about μετάνοια in Philo’s texts, with special attention to the section concerning this subject in On the virtues 175-186, in order to determine what value do repentance and conversion hold for the Jewish philosopher, in which ways they are produced and expressed, and what are their effects from a moral and an eschatological point of view.
Cognitive representation of the process of mutual recognition of lecturers and students in the educational space of the university
Authors: Pyoryshkova Svetlana A.
Published: December 2020

On the basis of theoretical and methodological analysis, we presented the process of mutual knowledge of the lecturer and student. We considered peculiarities of pedagogical interaction of lecturer and students in educational space of university. The personality, entering into a relationship, better recognizes the interaction partner and inevitably undergoes changes. Therefore, we paid special attention to pedagogical interaction as a sphere of professional implementation and personal development of participants in educational relations in higher education. In the context of pedagogical interaction, the university analyzed the process of mutual recognition of the lecturer and students. We considered the role of the phenomenon of mutual knowledge in social development of personality, formation of collective, preservation of sense of psychological safety. We justified the effectiveness of studying the phenomenon of mutual recognition using the scientific apparatus of cognitive psychology. We presented a cognitive representation of the process of mutual recognition of the lecturer and students, consisting of conceptual representation, frame description and script. This representation allows you to study the dynamic essence of mutual knowledge in more detail and present this process in more detail regarding the lecturer and students, which will help optimize their pedagogical interaction. We revealed the relationship between the personal and professional development of participants in the educational process in higher school and the effectiveness of pedagogical interaction and mutual knowledge of the lecturer and students
Career success as a socio-psychological condition for the realization of personality in professional activity
Authors: Bedina Vera Yu.
Published: December 2020

We focused attention on the socio-psychological aspect of a career, expressed in its targeted, procedural and effective components. Such a vision allows us to consider it as a purposeful process of active self-realization in professional activity on the basis of existing meta-skills and subjective awareness of career success. We also noted the connection between developed communication skills and a successful career. And on what values are central to the structure of the individual, its further path and goals, and then the strategy for their implementation, depend. In order to prove the last statement, we gave the results of an empirical study. According to the received data, the main life values that guide young specialists in building successful professional careers are safety, kindness, independence, achievement, universalism, conformism. Correlation analysis of distinguished values, career goals and strategies for their achievement made it possible to distinguish the typology of careers of young specialists at a university (stable career, team, unstable, independent, conformal, professional, active). We considered in detail factors both contributing and preventing successful construction of professional career, successful realization of personality in career. The identified theoretical aspects formed the basis for further empirical study of the goals, motives, values, strategies, factors and other socio-psychological features of the successful professional career of young specialists in various fields.
Challenges of implementing mandatory internal control and audit in the organization at the current stage
Authors: ERUSALIMSKY Vadim M.
Published: December 2020

We considered the issues of the full-featured implementation of mandatory internal control and stratification audit, the activities of which are directly related to the globalization of the Russian economy, and to the improvement of the economic security of the enterprise as a whole. After all, growing crisis phenomena, the presence of a “gray” economic strategy and corruption manifestations can strangle any business, despite the level of integration in the region and its significance. In such circumstances, a revision of the classic internal control and audit continuity schemes are necessary. This will provide qualitative prerequisites to counteract challenges and threats at any level of enterprise economic stability with the possibility of leveling crisis phenomena, which, in turn, can actively affect the increase in jobs, employment in the region, collection of taxes and fees in general. We should note that the current geopolitical situation and the current legislative initiatives of the country's leadership qualitatively contribute to this, which, in turn, will lead to an increase in the quality of control and audit processes, including in budget spending. Increasing the investment attractiveness of the regions will be achievable only on the fact of consolidating the efforts of all authorities and local self-government with civil society institutions.
Rezsimváltás a monetáris politikában – a mérlegszerkezeti mutatók és az árnyékkamatláb összehasonlítása
Authors: Mészáros Mercédesz , Kiss Gábor Dávid
Published: December 2020

A központi bankok nemcsak hitelezőként, hanem végső esetben piaci árjegyzőként is pozícionálják magukat. A tanulmány a mérlegszerkezeti mutatók érvényesítésére összpontosítva mutatja be, hogy az EKB (Európai Központi Bank) preferenciája az értékpapírpiac közvetlen élénkítésének irányába mozdul el, és ez rezsimváltó hatással van a tőkepiaci eszközök árfolyamára. A szerzők figyelme elsősorban az államkötvénypiac hosszú távú kamatlábaira irányul, mivel erre egyaránt meghatározóan hat a monetáris transzmissziós mechanizmus hagyományos kamatcsatornája, valamint a nemkonvencionális monetáris politika. A Taylor-szabály egy kibővített változatát, a Krippner- [2016] féle árnyékkamatlábat – Markov-féle rezsimváltó modellek kalibrálásával – használják kontrollváltozóként az eredmények validálására, miközben bevezetett mérlegmutatóik teljesítménye jobb a rezsimváltások esetén. Vizsgálatuk eredményei relevánsak lehetnek a jelenleg is érvényben levő monetáris lazítások elemzése során.
EURYCINOID: POTENSI RUMPUT GONG (EURYCAULON CINEREUM) KHAS BANGKA BELITUNG SEBAGAI KANDIDAT SENYAWA ANTIKANKER PAYUDARA BERBASIS BAHAN ALAM
Authors:   Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Salsabila Dian Nida , Purnama Asgar ,   Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Febriana Yoga ,   Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Anshory Hady ,   Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Nugraha Arde Toga ,   Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Islam Indonesia
Published: December 2020

Traditionally, some People from bangka belitung has consumed Eriocaulon cinereum R.Br as an anticancer drug. Aims of this study is to determine the potential of cytotoxicity of Fraction of Ethyl Acetate and Dichlorometane against T47D cell. Fractionation using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) method. MTT assay method was used on evaluating the citotoxic activity. The fraction of dichloromethane performed high activity as a chemopreventive agent with IC50 score was 131,921 µg/ml to T47D and 413,042 µg/ml cells to vero cell whereas for ethyl acetate fraction performed lower activity as chemopreventive agent with IC50 score was 531,808 µg/ml to T47D and 679,114 µg/ml to vero cell). Phytochemical tests showed that the dichloromethane fraction contains phenolic, steroid and terpenoid compounds. While ethyl acetate fraction contains alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids. These compounds have activity on cancer cells through apoptotic mechanisms. The results showed the excellent potential of this plant in killing breast cancer cells.
Struktura rascjepa i parlamentarni izbori u Hrvatskoj 2020. u doba pandemije
Authors: Raos Višeslav
Published: December 2020

Na temelju rezultata predizborne terenske ankete, autor istražuje strukturu društvenih rascjepa u Hrvatskoj u kontekstu parlamentarnih izbora 2020. Multinominalnom logističkom regresijom ispituje dosadašnje spoznaje o vrijednosnom rascjepu utemeljenu u religiji i identitetskom rascjepu utemeljenu na odnosu prema prošlosti, koji tvore kulturnu dimenziju stranačkog natjecanja. Testira se i moguća pojava novoga društvenog rascjepa ukorijenjenoga u razlikama u stavovima birača o ekonomskim pitanjima, kao i rascjepa vezana za pitanja suverenizma i zahtjeva za većom demokratskom participacijom. Istraživanje uvodi nove prediktorske ljestvice koje dosad nisu korištene u sličnim istraživanjima hrvatskih izbora. Evaluacija predloženoga regresijskog modela pokazala je kako su religioznost i odnos prema prošlosti ostali dominantni prediktori ponašanja birača u Hrvatskoj. Potvrđene su i značajne dobne razlike u ponašanju, pri čemu mlađi birači vjerojatnije podržavaju Domovinski pokret ili apstiniraju, a stariji birači vjerojatnije glasuju za koaliciju lijevog centra. Nalazi pokazuju kako se s porastom vrijednosti na ljestvici populizma smanjuje vjerojatnost glasovanja za HDZ. Zaključno se potvrđuju stabilnost vrijednosnoga i identitetskog rascjepa te značenje religije i prošlosti, ali se ne utvrđuje postojanje ekonomskoga rascjepa.
Nanofluids for Solar Thermal Collection and Energy Conversion
Authors: Abdullah Hussain Mohammed , Yesudasan Sumith , Chacko Sibi
Published: December 2020

This paper investigates the improvement in solar energy collection and conversion using Al2O3-Water nanofluids in a solar flat plate collector (SFPC). The efficiency of a solar flat plate collector using water as the fluid medium is analyzed experimentally and theoretically. For theoretical analysis, a mathematical model in MATLAB is used to simulate and is validated by the experimental results. To enhance the solar energy collection and conversion efficiency of the SFPC, Al2O3-Water nanofluid was selected as the fluid medium. The nanofluid properties like density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and viscosity are analyzed and compared for several models of Al2O3-Water nanofluids and the best model was selected to modify the simulation. Effect of particle diameter in the nanofluid was found to be marginal on the nanofluid properties. The optimum volume concentration of the nanofluid was found to be 4% giving an efficiency increase of 7.78% in the SFPC over the use of water. This reduces the area of the SFPC by 10.5%.
A Mathematical Interpretation and Validation of the Streamline's Shape Theory for Inviscid-Incompressible Flows & Viscid-Compressible Flows of the Newtonian Fluids
Authors: George Yuvaraj
Published: December 2020

This article objectively assesses, the hypothesis of the streamline's shape theory and its formulated equation. The deduction of proof uses algebra rather than first-order partial differential equations to address the specific hypothesis of "Streamline's shape theory" from the fundamental perspective of applied mathematics and scientifically derives mathematical relations of the axioms and corollaries in the field of fluid dynamics. The algebraic methods employed provide progressively more distinct and precise solutions compared to first-order partial differential equations. The foremost objective of this work is to evaluate if the formulations of the streamline's shape theory can have solutions for inviscid-incompressible and viscid-compressible flows of Newtonian fluids and to identify their nature. Secondly, to understand how the topology of the body and the free-stream conditions affect these solutions with due regards to the shape and size of the body interacting with the fluid flow. Finally, to explore the possibility of this theory to develop a CFD solver for streamline simulation to reduce the experimentation in the analysis of flow-structure interactions of Newtonian fluids and also to identify its scope of applications and limitations.
Gravitation in Unified Scalar Field Theory
Authors: Chernitskii Alexander
Published: December 2020

The scalar field of space-time film is considered as unified fundamental field.

The field model under consideration is the space-time generalization of the model for a two-dimensional thin film. The force and metrical interactions between solitons are considered. These interactions correspond to the electromagnetic and gravitational interactions respectively.

The metrical interaction and its correspondence to the gravitational one are considered in detail.

The practical applications of this approach are discussed.
A National Cross-Sectional Survey to Assess Tobacco and Nicotine Product Usage Patterns and Behaviour Since the Introduction of Tobacco Heating Products in Japan: Wave 1
Authors: Jones Joshua , Adamson Jason , Kanitscheider Claudia , Prasad Krishna , Camacho Oscar M. , Beliaeva Ekaterina , Bauer Hans , Keralapura Yoga , Murphy James
Published: December 2020

Providing data on usage patterns is key to assessing the reduced-risk potential of novel tobacco and nicotine products at a population level. We performed a nationwide cross-sectional survey of the general population in Japan to assess usage patterns after the introduction of tobacco heating products (THPs). Eligible participants were Japanese residents, aged 20 years or older who consented to complete the survey. Individuals living in institutions were excluded. A three-stage probability sampling method was applied that was geographically stratified by street blocks proportionate to population density. Respondents self-reported patterns of product use and reasons for THP use. Complete responses were available from 5,306 individuals, of whom 933.5 (17.6%) were current users, 984.2 (18.5%) were former users and 3388.4 (63.9%) were never users of tobacco products. Cigarettes were used by 14.6% of current tobacco product users and THPs by 5.3%. Cigarettes and THPs were used exclusively by 64.5% and 12.2%, respectively, and both were used by 12.7%. The most common reasons reported for THP use were perceived reduction in harm to self and others compared to cigarettes. While the prevalence of cigarette use in Japan is decreasing, THPs seem to be increasingly used as long-term alternatives to cigarette smoking.
The Potential Climatic Significance of the Global Reduction in Aviation During the Pandemic
Authors: Cairns Sally
Published: December 2020

This paper suggests that, in 2020, the beneficial atmospheric effect from the reduction in aviation could be at least 7-8 times as great as that occurring from the global reduction in fossil carbon dioxide emissions. Specifically, compared to potential atmospheric effects in 2020 without the pandemic, the decrease in effective radiative forcing from reduced contrail-cirrus formation may be in the order of 35mWm-2 in 2020, compared to a reduction of only 4-5mWm-2 from the drop in fossil CO2 emissions. Over time, pursuing a low carbon pathway generates benefits that mount up to be much more significant than 2020 effects might imply, and is essential to stabilise the climate. However, this paper argues that a twin-track policy focus may be needed, with more emphasis on reducing short-term climate forcing, to minimise the impacts of climate change now, and to avoid detrimental feedback events. Future policy decisions about aviation should be made in this context.
Optimizing the AR Engraved Structure on Light-Guide Facets for a Wide Range of Wavelengths
Authors: Gurwich Ioseph , Greenberg Yakov , Harush Kobi , Tzabari Yarden
Published: December 2020

The present study is aimed at designing anti-reflective (AR) engraving on the Input-Output surfaces of a rectangular light-guide. We estimate AR efficiency, by the transmittance level in the angular range, determined by the light-guide. Using nano-engraving, we achieve a uniform high transmission over a wide range of wavelengths. In the past, we used smoothed conical pins or indentations on the faces of light-guide crystal as the engraved structure. Here, we widen the class of pins under consideration, following the physical model developed in the previous paper. We analyze the smoothed pyramidal pins with different base shapes. The possible effect of randomization of the pins parameters is also examined. The results obtained demonstrate optimized engraved structure with parameters depending on the required spectral range and facet format. The predicted level of transmittance is close to 99\%, and its flatness (estimated by the standard deviation) in the required wavelength range is 0.2\%. The theoretical analysis and numerical calculations indicate that the obtained results demonstrate the best transmission (reflection) we can expect for a facet with the given shape and size for the required spectral band. The approach is equally useful for any other form and of the facet. We also discuss a simple way of comparing experimental and theoretical results for a light-guide with the designed input and output features. In this study, as well as in our previous work, we restrict ourselves to rectangular facets. We also consider the limitations on maximal transmission produced by the size and shape of the light-guide facets. The theoretical analysis is performed for an infinite structure and serves as an upper bound on the transmittance for smaller-size apertures.
Application of 3D Scanning as an Indirect Method to Analyze and Eliminate Errors on the Manufactured Yoke-Type Forgings Forged in SMED Device on Modernized Crank Press
Authors: Ziemba Jacek , Hawryluk Marek , Rychlik Marcin
Published: December 2020

The article proposes an indirect measurement method based on a dimensional and shape analysis of forgings for the evaluation of the manufacture and the proper operation of the key elements of the crank press, in which after modernization, a quick tool assembly based on SMED (Single Minute Exchange of Die) was implemented. As a result of the introduced changes aiming at improving the forging aggregate and increasing the production efficiency, errors were observed on the manufactured products-forgings in the form of twists and joggles. The preliminary analysis showed that they can be clearances and dynamic deformation in the kinematic chain, the occurrence of side forces during automatic forging of the forging in a two-component system (a long, thin element), as well as the design and construction errors in the joining of the SMED instrument with the table tops of the press. In order to solve the presented problem, in the first place, a separate dimensional and shape analysis was made of selected elements of the press and the instrumentation with the use of the 3D scanning method with the purpose to analyze the construction tolerances of the key elements of the press geometry. Next, an evaluation of the effect of clearances and dynamic deformations of the press as well as the force distribution during the forging process was made through numerical modelling. Despite all of the above, such an approach did not make it possible to solve the problem. A proprietary method with the use of 3d reverse scanning was proposed, which allowed to solve the problem of forgings errors. Based on the measurement results and analyses for a few variants of production cycles the necessary changes was obtained, making it possible to minimize the errors and obtain proper products in respect of geometry and quality.
Function of Connexin-43 in Macrophages
Authors: Rodjakovic Daniel , Salm Lilian , Beldi Guido
Published: December 2020

Knowledge on the function of Connexin-43 on macrophages is gradually increasing and recent studies show how macrophages utilise Connexin-43. Migration, antigen-presentation and some forms of intercellular communication in macrophages are Connexin-43-dependant. Delicate processes, such as electrochemical support in conduction of the heartbeat in the AV-node, immunomodulatory regulation in the lungs and macrophage-differentiation are performed using Connexin-43 in macrophages. The relevance on pathophysiology becomes evident in inflammatory bowel disease, tumour networks and HIV in which aberrant function of Connexin-43 has been observed. Although many physiological, as well as pathophysiological functions were found to be Connexin-43-dependant, some still remain debated: the involvement of Connexin-43 in phagocytosis and polarisation, as well as its involvement in the mortality in murine sepsis are still unclear. These functions as well as further involvement in increasingly complex functions of the macrophage pose possible fields of research.
A Neural Ordinary Differential Equations Approach for Chemical Kinetics Solvers
Authors: Owoyele Opeoluwa , Pal Pinaki
Published: December 2020

The main bottleneck when performing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of combustion systems is the computation and integration of the highly non-linear and stiff chemical source terms. In recent times, machine learning has emerged as a promising tool to accelerate combustion chemistry, involving the use of regression models to predict the chemical source terms as functions of the thermochemical state of the system. However, combustion is a highly nonlinear phenomenon, and this often leads to divergence from the true solution when the neural network representation of chemical kinetics is integrated in time. This is because these approaches minimize the error during training without guaranteeing successful integration with ordinary differential equation (ODE) solvers. In this work, a novel neural ODE approach to combustion modeling is developed to address this issue. The source terms predicted by the neural network are integrated during training, and by backpropagating errors through the ODE solver, the neural network weights are adjusted accordingly to minimize the difference between the predicted and actual ODE solutions. It is shown that even when the dimensionality of the thermochemical manifold is trimmed to remove redundant species, the proposed approach accurately captures the correct physical behavior and reproduces the results obtained using the full chemical kinetic mechanism.
Soft Tissue Mobilization and Stretching for Shoulder in CrossFitters: a Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Jusdado-García Marcos , Cuesta-Barriuso Ruben
Published: December 2020

Background. Shoulder in CrossFit should have a balance between mobility and stability. Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit and posterior shoulder stiffness are risk factors for overhead shoulder injury. Objective. To determine the effectiveness of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization and horizontal adduction stretch in CrossFit practitioners’ shoulders. Methods: Twenty-one regular CrossFitters were allocated to experimental (stretching with isometric contraction and instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization) or control group (instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization). Each session lasted 5 minutes, 2 days a week, over a period of 4 weeks. Shoulder internal rotation and horizontal adduction (digital inclinometer), and posterior shoulder stretch perception (Park scale) were evaluated. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to analyze the distribution of the sample. Parametric student's t-test was used to obtain the intragroup differences. The inter- and intra-rater differences were calculated using a repeated measures ANOVA. Results. Changes were found in the experimental group following intervention (p < 0.05), and when comparing baseline and follow-up assessments (p < .05) in all variables. Significant differences were found in the control group following intervention (p < 0.05), in right horizontal adduction and left internal rotation. When comparing perception of internal rotation and horizontal adduction in both groups in the three assessments significant differences were found. Conclusions. Instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization can improve shoulder horizontal adduction and internal rotation. An instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization technique yields the same results alone as those achieved in combination with post-isometric stretch with shoulder adduction.
Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor: A Review of Main Molecular Abnormalities and Emerging Therapy
Authors: Mello Celso Abdon , Campos Fernando Augusto Batista , Santos Tiago Goss , Silva Maria Leticia Gobo , Torrezan Giovana Tardin , Costa Felipe D´Almeida , Formiga Maria Nirvana , Nicolau Ulisses , Nascimento Antonio Geraldo , Silva Cassia , Nakagawa Suely , Curado Maria Paula , Lopes Ademar , Aguiar Samuel
Published: December 2020

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is an extremely rare, aggressive sarcoma affecting adolescents and young adults with male predominance. Generally, it originates from serosal surface of abdominal cavity. The hallmark characteristic of DSRCT is the EWSR1-WT1 gene fusion. This translocation up-regulates the expression of PDGFRα, VEGF and other proteins related to tumor and vascular cell proliferation. Current management of DSRCT includes a combination of chemotherapy, radiation and aggressive cytoreductive surgery plus intra-peritoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy (HIPEC). Despite advances in multimodal therapy, outcomes remain poor since the majority of patients present disease recurrence and die within 3 years. The dismal survival makes DSRCT an orphan disease with urgent need of new drugs. The treatment of advanced and recurrent disease with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as pazopanib, sunitinib, and mTOR inhibitors have been evaluated in small studies. Recent works using comprehensive molecular profiling of DSRCT identified potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we aim to describe the current studies conducted to better understand DSRCT biology and to explore the new therapeutic strategies under investigation in preclinical models and in early phase clinical trials.
Application of design and technological activities as a method of improving the professionalization of specialists of higher educational institutions
Authors: Makarenko Lesia L. , Slabko Volodymyr M. , Bordiuk Oleksandr M. , Shpylovyi Yurii V. , Slaboshevska Tetiana M.
Published: December 2020

In this article we developed the concept of design and technological activities. We tested the need to develop design competence in educational process of the Faculty of Law of the National Economic University with 50 teachers and 200 students of the Faculty comprising Law, International Law, Law Enforcement, Social Work, and Psychology. Design competence is knowledge for preparation of pedagogical projects and their implementation, developed in the educational process. The current stage is characterized by globalization of problems requiring involvement of the world community, changes the paradigm of education, posing new challenges to the educational sphere. Accelerating pace of socio-economic development requires to plan and evaluate life and professional prospects. It becomes important for teachers to learn how to design pedagogical reality, predict the consequences of its transformations and teach students to build their lives on the basis of design. These trends urge the problem of design, make it interdisciplinary, exceptionally large-scale and pressing. Promising areas for development of design and technological activities include: identification of new patterns and principles of pedagogical design; identification of new factors and conditions for successful operation and development of design activities; development of theoretical background for training, retraining and advanced training of personnel in the field of pedagogical design; detailed development of methodological and technological support of the pedagogical design process; improvement of the qualimetric tools of design activity. Verification of the concept against the background of the identified set of pedagogical conditions showed an increase in the efficiency of design and technological activities.
Efektivitas Strategi REACT Berbasis Keislaman terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Kecerdasan Spiritual
Authors: Wahyuni Fina Tri , Arthamevia Arnetta Thalia , Kurniawan Galih
Published: December 2020

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the Islamic-based REACT strategy compared to conventional strategies on problem-solving abilities and spiritual intelligence. The research uses a quasi-experiment design. The population is all the first semester students of mathematics education at one of the universities in Kudus, totaling 117 students with a sample of B1TMR class of 40 students serving as an experimental class while class A1TMR serves as a control class. The data collection instruments included a test instrument in the form of 5 essay questions to measure derivatives problem-solving ability and a questionnaire instrument to measure spiritual intelligence with a Likert scale of 14 questionnaires. The data analysis techniques were parametric statistics with a t-test for problem-solving abilities and non-parametric statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test for spiritual intelligence. The results showed that Islamic-based REACT strategy lectures were more effective than conventional strategies on students' problem-solving abilities and spiritual intelligence.

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas strategi REACT berbasis keislaman dibandingkan dengan strategi konvensional terhadap kemampuan penyelesaian masalah dan kecerdasan spiritual. Jenis penelitian menggunakan quasi experiment design. Populasi yaitu seluruh mahasiswa semester 1 program studi tadris matematika pada salah satu universitas di Kudus yang berjumlah 117 mahasiswa dengan sampel kelas B1TMR yang berjumlah 40 mahasiswa sebagai kelas eksperimen sedangkan kelas A1TMR sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen pengumpul data yaitu instrumen tes untuk mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah derivatif sebanyak 5 soal uraian dan instrumen angket untuk mengukur kecerdasan spiritual dengan skala likert sebanyak 14 butir angket. Teknik analisis data yaitu statistik parametrik dengan Uji-t untuk kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan statistik non-parametrik Uji Mann-Whitney U untuk kecerdasan spiritual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkuliahan strategi REACT berbasis keislaman lebih efektif dibandingkan strategi konvensional terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kecerdasan spiritual mahasiswa.
Failure of an Intramedullary Fixation Device for a Midshaft Clavicle Fracture
Authors: Griswold B. Gage , Overgaard Mikel , Kyrkos Judith G. , Patel Mihir B. , Parada Stephen A.
Published: December 2020

This case report describes failure of an intramedullary nail that occurred 10 weeks after screw implantation in a patient who initially presented with a notably displaced midshaft fracture. Failure occurred after radiographic evidence of appropriate fracture alignment and hardware placement with no identifiable preceding trigger. The patient subsequently underwent revision surgery with superiorly based plating and is recovering with no complications to date. This case report and lack of related research shows that this failure needs further exploration.
Data-driven water quality prediction in chloraminated systems
Authors: Peters Andrew , Liang Bin , Tian Hongda , Li Zhidong , Doolan Corinna , Vitanage Dammika , Norris Hannah , Simpson Kate , Wang Yang , Chen Fang
Published: December 2020

This paper proposes a data-driven method that provides water quality prediction within the entire Woronora delivery system in Sydney. Specifically, the key factors relating to water quality are identified through factor analysis. A Bayesian parametric decay model is formulated using the key factors to predict water quality. To estimate the water travel time, which links the upstream (reservoir) data to the downstream (resident) data, the hydraulic system is employed to capture the topology of the delivery system. Moreover, the uncertainties of both data and the model are analysed to define the boundaries of prediction for better decision making.
Upaya Guru Mengembangkan Kecerdasan Intrapersonal Anak Usia Dini Melalui Sentra Main Peran di TA Al-Mannar Ponorogo
Authors: Ikasari Murni Nur
Published: December 2020

Abatrak: The purpose of this research is to find out more deeply the steps taken by the TA Al-Manaar Al-Islamiyah Wali Songo Islamic Boarding School Ngabar Siman Ponorogo in developing intrapersonal intelligence of early childhood through role playing centers, as well as seeing the results achieved from the steps for the development of intrapersonal intelligence of early childhood, and do not forget to know the obstacles or obstacles faced by the implementation of these steps. This type of research is a qualitative research method or case study approach. Data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing or data verification. The results achieved by intrapersonal intelligence of early childhood in TA Al-Manaar Al-Islamiyah Ngabar have been well developed through the activities center playing roles with indicators such as self-awareness, emotional control, obeying the rules, a sense of responsibility has also been well developed. Barriers that arise, there are still children who are shy in playing a role, it takes a long time to play a role and the lack of supporting facilities in the center of role playing.