bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ações evangelizadoras numa cultura urbana marcada pelo digital
Authors: Moraes Abimar , Gripp Andreia Durval
Published: June 2020

Vivemos numa “metrópole global” onde as relações humanas estão marcadas pela velocidade, pela lógica do espetáculo e do mercado. Trata-se de uma “democracia” das bases, com grande oferta de ambientes e instrumentos para que todos os habitantes desta urbe digital sejam capazes de se expressar sobre os temas mais variados possíveis: direitos humanos, política, inclusão, gênero, ecologia, conflitos, educação, religião, fé. Tal realidade leva-nos à necessidade de estudar estas novas expressões de cidadania, capazes de colocar em relação conteúdos, ambientes, pertenças e instituições, porque não estão ainda claros os objetivos, as estratégias, as dinâmicas e as perspectivas que deve assumir a ação evangelizadora neste novo contexto vital. O objetivo deste artigo é propor linhas para a ação evangelizadora da Igreja Católica neste bios que é a metrópole comunicacional. O artigo iniciará concentrando-se em perceber alguns impactos do digital sobre a cultura urbana. Logo em seguida, tomando como referência quatro indicações presentes na Evangelii Gaudium, do papa Francisco, o artigo apresentará algumas linhas, que considera fundamentais, para as ações evangelizadoras junto aos interlocutores desta urbe digital.
Caminata sinodal del pueblo de Dios (en Chile)
Authors: Irarrazaval Diego
Published: June 2020

Reviso clamores por justicia y solidaridad, y procesos ejemplares como los autoconvocados sínodos de 2019 y 2020, y la corriente mujeres-iglesia Es un quehacer con raíces históricas en diversas culturas, y con implicancias a nivel local y global. Examino signos sociales y espirituales que se refieren al Reino de Dios, sueños de una iglesia de comunidades fieles al Espíritu, y programas de acciones en redes cristianas. Las insurgencias del laicado, de la mujer, de nuevas instancias, van delineando el caminar de personas apasionadas por el Evangelio e indignadas ante abusos de poder.
An Exploratory Study on the Impact of Work/Life Balance and Employee Engagement on Talent Management and Organization Performance: A Case of Jordan Telecom and IT Sector
Authors: Al-Khateeb Areej , Al-Louzi Kholoud Sudqi
Published: June 2020

This study aims to explore the relationship between talent management, work life balance, motivational drivers of employee engagement and organization performance in telecommunication and information technology sector in Jordan. Both work life balance and motivational drivers of employee engagement were examined as mediators between talent management and organization performance. The population of the study consists of the three main telecommunication operators in Jordan; Zain, Orange and Umniah with a total number of employees (3305), a random sample appointed from the population with a total 250 questionnaires filled up. The study found a positive relationship between talent management and its three dimensions, namely talent acquisition, talent development and talent retention with organization performance. Results also found a positive relationship between talent management and its three dimensions with work life balance. A positive relationship also found between talent management and its dimensions with motivational drivers of employee engagement. Finally, work life balance found to partially mediating the relationship between talent management and organization performance and motivational drivers of employee engagement fully mediating this relationship between talent management and organization performance. This study stated many recommendations for future researches.
3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Thumb-normal Appearances and Common Injuries
Authors: Chakrabarty Nivedita , Daftary Aditya , Lawande Malini
Published: June 2020

Thumb is unique not only in its orientation and function compared to the other fingers but also in its bony and soft-tissue anatomy. It is important to understand methods to acquire appropriate image of the thumb along its axis, become familiar with the normal magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the thumb and develop an understanding of the appearance of common injuries, all of which help in proper management. With proper scanning technique, it is possible to identify all the ligaments, tendons, and pulleys of the thumb. Checklist ensures that all the structures are systematically seen and injuries are consciously looked for in a case of thumb trauma.
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Needle Tenotomy for Tendinosis
Authors: Singh Dharmendra , Nayak Bibhu , Kumar Mahesh , Tomar Sagar , Katyan Amit , Suman Saurabh , Kumar Nishith , Jaiswal Binita
Published: June 2020

Tendinosis is an important cause of musculoskeletal pain and disability. Tendinosis is principally a degenerative process, rather than inflammatory as was traditionally believed. Consequently, traditional tendinosis treatments focused solely on decreasing inflammation, i.e. intratendinous corticosteroid injection has often been ineffective. The advancement of ultrasonography as for the guidance of musculoskeletal intervention has facilitated the development of percutaneous procedures focused on the regenerative healing process for the treatment of tendinosis. In this article, our aim is to illustrate the technical aspects of ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle tenotomy for the treatment of tendinosis.
Tuberculosis or Not Tuberculosis: Temporal Evolution of Patellar Tuberculosis
Authors: Saxena Suvinay , Patel Palak , Patel Drushi , Shah Ankur
Published: June 2020

Patellar tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon occurrence and has been sparsely reported in the literature. Imaging plays a key role in its diagnosis, as clinical symptoms vary and are often unspecific. We present two cases of isolated patellar tuberculosis, its classical imaging features, and follow-up serial imaging.
Can we Rotate the Head Safely During Cervical Nerve Root Injection?
Authors: Iqbal Aamer , McLoughlin Emer , James Steven , Botchu Rajesh
Published: June 2020

Objectives:

Trans-foraminal epidural injections have been used successfully to aid in the management of cervicobrachialagia. The aim of this study was to assess the cross sectional area of the vertebral artery during transforaminal cervical nerve root injections (TFCNRI) when the head is typically rotated and to compare with the neutral position cross sectional area. We hypothesize that head rotation does not lead to a change of vertebral artery calibre at the neural foramen, thus this technique can be performed relatively safely during TFCNRI.

Material and Methods:

A pilot study involving a retrospective review of 16 computed tomography guided TFNRI was performed and cross sectional area of vertebral artery with head tilted and head in neutral position was performed.

Results:

There was no correlation between the degree of head rotation and change in the area of the ipsilateral or contralateral vertebral artery.

Conclusion:

We suggest that head can safely be rotated to varied degrees while performing TFCNRI.
Giant glomus tumor of the knee mimicking soft-tissue sarcoma
Authors: Batra Vikas , Batta Nafisa Shakir , Gupta Ankur
Published: June 2020

Glomangiomas (glomus tumors) are benign vascular tumors commonly located at the distal extremities, are usually subungual lesions, and account for 2% of all soft-tissue tumors. Patients with digital glomus tumors present with hypersensitivity to cold, paroxysmal severe pain, and point tenderness. These tumors are infrequent in the knee area, and when seen are superficial, usually have a diameter of less than 1 cm, which make their radiological diagnosis arduous. We report a noteworthy, unusual case of a large glomus tumor in the popliteal fossa showing biceps femoris infiltration, in a 51-year-old female patient who experienced severe intermittent posterior knee pain for the past 2 years. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large popliteal inhomogeneous soft-tissue lesion with irregular margins insinuating the posterolateral musculature mimicking soft-tissue sarcoma. Histopathology revealed a glomus tumor.
Bacteriological and Molecular Characterization of Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli Pathotypes From Children in Duhok City, Iraq
Authors: Hasan Haveen K. , Yassin Najim A. , Eassa Souzan H.
Published: June 2020

Background: A variety of diarrheagenic E coli (DEC) are responsible for causing different types of diarrhea in children especially in developing courtiers.

Objectives: This study was primarily aimed to isolate and bacteriological characterizing of E coli from diarrheic infant stool and to investigate their antibiotic resistance patterns and then using molecular identification of DEC pathotypes for better discrimination.

Methods: Total of 400 fresh stools specimens were collected from children with diarrhea in Heevi Hospital in Duhok city, Iraq. The samples were cultured on selective media such as (MacConkey and MacConkey sorbitol agar). Colonies were identified through biochemical reaction and VITEK 2 system and then antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined.

Results: A total of 349(87.2%) samples were yielded positive for growth of E coli. Out of these, 50 phenotypically-identified E coli were then subjected to PCR assay targeting certain virulence factors (alt, eae, sxt1 and sxt2) for discrimination of pathotyes. 13/50(26%) Enterotoxigenix E. coli (ETEC) was detected, 5/50(10%) Enterohemorrhagic E coli EHEC was detected, while no Enteropathogenic E coli (EPEC) was detected. All pathotypes were more frequent in samples from male children aged between 2-3 years that were artificial feeding pattern. Moreover, all pathotypes expressed high resistant to ampicillin, cephalosporin and tetracycline while little resistance to imipenem was observed. Conclusion: The study concludes presence of diarrheagenic E coli pathotypes in our community causing diarrhea in children and emphasize on using of PCR assay for best discrimination.
Substantiation of rejuvenating tree pruning of representatives of the genus Рopulus l. In the urban city aglomerations
Authors: Кружилин С.Н. , Мишенина М.П.
Published: June 2020

Тополь пирамидальный и тополь Советский пирамидальный являются основными древесными породами, формирующими городские объекты озеленения на Юге России. Благодаря быстроте роста и устойчивости к засушливому климату с середины прошлого века тополи высаживали вдоль автомагистралей населенных пунктов. Спустя 40-60 лет у деревьев тополя отмечаются проблемы, которые заключаются в проявлении суховершинности крон и боковых скелетных ветвей.
В статье отражены результаты исследований по изучению роста и анализа современного состояния тополя итальянского пирамидального и тополя Советского пирамидального в искусственно созданных рядовых посадках, расположенных вдоль автомобильной дороги «Харьковское шоссе» в г. Новочеркасске Ростовской области. На основании результатов, полученных в ходе исследования, доказано, что возраст деревьев тополя итальянского пирамидального при омолаживающей обрезке (кронировании) в условиях городов Юга России не должен превышать 50-ти лет. Тополь Советский пирамидальный характеризуется большей устойчивостью к внешним антропогенным факторам, у деревьев этого вида в меньшей степени отмечается суховершинность, поэтому омолаживающую обрезку можно проводить не ранее 60-ти лет. В процессе исследования установлено, что омолаживающая обрезка деревьев рода populus является необходимой операцией, которую требуется проводить в возрасте, когда начинает отмечаться суховершинность. После омолаживающей обрезке приросты порослевой части тополей составляют: 0,72 м/год у итальянского; 0,79 м/год у Советского, и уже на первый год вегетационного периода растения восстанавливают свою декоративность.

Italian Lombardy poplar and Soviet Lombardy poplar are the main tree species form urban landscaping in the south of Russia. Due to the rapid growth and resistance to the arid climate, from the middle of the last century, poplars were planted along the highways of settlements. After 40-60 years, poplar trees are experiencing problems that are manifested in the dryness of crowns and lateral skeletal branches.
The article reflects the research results of growth and current state analysis of Italian Lombardy poplar and Soviet Lombardy poplar. They growth in artificially regenerated stands located on the Kharkiv highway in Novocherkassk, Rostov region. The results of the study show that the age of Italian Lombardy poplar trees should not exceed 50 years in the South of Russia urban environment. Soviet Lombardy poplar have greater resistance to external anthropogenic factors. The trees of this species are less stagheaded, so the rejuvenating tree pruning can be carried out not earlier than 60 years. We found out that the rejuvenating tree pruning is a necessary operation for the trees of the genus populous. It must be carried out at the age when the stagheadedness begins to be noted. The increment of the poplars rejuvenating tree pruning are: 0.72 m/year in Italian; 0.79 m/year in the Soviet. They restore their decorativeness in the first year of the growing season.
An in-silico evaluation of COVID-19 main protease with clinically approved drugs
Authors: Wafa TACHOUA , Mohamed KABRINE , Mushtaq Mamona , Ul-Haq Zaheer
Published: June 2020

A novel strain of coronavirus, namely, SARS-CoV-2 identified in Wuhan city of China in December 2019, continues to spread at a rapid rate worldwide. There are no specific therapies available and investigations regarding the treatment of this disease are still lacking. In order to identify a novel potent inhibitor, we performed blind docking studies on the main virus protease Mpro with eight approved drugs belonging to four pharmacological classes such as: anti-malarial, anti-bacterial, anti-infective and anti-histamine. Among the eight studied compounds, Lymecycline and Mizolastine appear as potential inhibitors of this protease. When docked against Mpro crystal structure, these two compounds revealed a minimum binding energy of -8.87 and -8.71 kcal/mol with 168 and 256 binding modes detected in the binding substrate pocket, respectively. Further, to study the interaction mechanism and conformational dynamics of protein-ligand complexes, Molecular dynamic simulation and MM/PBSA binding free calculations were performed. Our results showed that both Lymecycline and Mizolastine bind in the active site. And exhibited good binding affinities towards target protein. Moreover, the ADMET analysis also indicated drug-likeness properties. Thus it is suggested that the identified compounds can inhibit Chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) of SARS-CoV-2.
On the Local Charge Inhomogeneity and Lithium Distribution in the Superionic Argyrodites Li6PS5X (X = Cl, Br, I)
Authors: Minafra Nicolo , Kraft Marvin , Bernges Tim , Li Cheng , Schlem Roman , Morgan Benjamin , Zeier Wolfgang
Published: June 2020

The lithium-argyrodites Li6PS5X (X = Cl, Br, I) exhibit high lithium-ion conductivities, making them promising candidates for use in solid-state batteries. These solid electrolytes can show considerable substitutional X−/S2− anion-disorder, with greater disorder typically correlated with higher lithium-ion conductivities. The atomic-scale effects of this anion site-disorder within the host lattice—in particular how lattice disorder modulates the lithium substructure—are not well understood. Here, we characterize the lithium substructure in Li6PS5X (X = Cl, Br, I) as a function of temperature and anion site-disorder, using Rietveld refinements against temperature-dependent neutron diffraction data. Analysis of these high-resolution diffraction data reveals an additional lithium position previously unreported for Li6PS5Xargyrodites, suggesting that the lithium conduction pathway in these materials differs from the most common model proposed in earlier studies. Analysis of the Li+ positions and their radial distributions reveals that greater inhomogeneityof the local anionic charge, due to X−/S2− site-disorder, is associated with more spatially-diffuse lithium distributions. This observed coupling of site-disorder and lithium distribution provides a possible explanation for the enhanced lithium transport in anion-disordered lithium argyrodites, and highlights the complex interplay between anion configuration and lithium substructure in this family of superionic conductors.
Identifying Therapeutic Compounds Targeting RNA-Dependent-RNA-Polymerase of Sars-Cov-2
Authors: Roomi Muhammad , Mahmood Muhammad , Khan Yaser
Published: June 2020

COVID-19 emerged as the biggest threat of this century for mankind and later it spread across the globe through human to human transmission. Scientists rushed to understand the structure and mechanism of the virus so that antiviral drugs or vaccines to control this disease can be developed. A key to stop the progression of the disease is to inhibit the replication mechanism of Sars-Cov-2. RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase protein also called RdRp protein is the engine of Sars-Cov-2 that replicates the virus using viral RNA when it gains entry into the human cell. Numerous drugs proposed for the treatment of COVID-19 such as Camostat Mesylate, Remdesivir, Famotidine, Hesperidin, etc. are under trial to analyze the aftermath of their medicinal use. Nature is enriched with compounds that have antiviral activities and can potentially play a pivotal role to inhibit this virus. This study focuses on the phytochemicals that have the potential to exhibit antiviral activities. A large number of compounds were screened and a cohort of most suitable ones are suggested via in-silico techniques which are used worldwide for drug discovery such as docking, binding analysis, Universal Force Field Analysis, Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) Method, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and Electrostatic Potential Calculation. The proposed compounds are naturally occurring substances with low toxicity, very few side effects, proven anti-pathogenic effects, and most importantly are easily available.
Aniline-Containing Derivatives of Parthenolide: Synthesis and Anti-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia Activity
Authors: Quy Alex , Li Xingjian , Male Louise , Stankovic Tatjana , Agathanggelou Angelo , Fossey John
Published: June 2020

A protocol for squaric acid-catalysed 1,4-addition of aniline derivatives to parthenolide is identified, developed and disclosed.
Double Lock the COVID 19: Inhibit SARS COV 2 Replication and Suppress Inflammation Cytokine Level by the Golden Compounds
Authors: He Zhesheng , Zhang Chunyu , Du Zhongying , Zhao Wencong , Niu Wenchao , Gao Yucong , Dong Yuhui , Fan Jiadong , he Bo , Cao Peng , Jiang Huaidong , Yong Gong , Gao Xueyun
Published: June 2020

Our studies implied the golden compounds may be more effective against COVID 19 as they synergy inhibit SARS COV 2 replication and down regulation inflammation cytokine level. Our crystal structure studies firstly revealed Au (I) ions, derived from auranofin (AF) or gold cluster (GA), covalently bind sulfur atom of Cys145 and Cys156 of Mpro of SARS COV 2. The auranofin or gold cluster well inhibit Mpro activity in vitro. Auranofin or gold cluster could well suppress inflammation cytokine level of IL 6, IL 1β, TNF α via down regulation NF κB activation in macrophage. The cell viability and rat toxicity studies show gold cluster is more safety when compared FDA approved auranofin. The rat pharmacokinetic studies of gold cluster revealed its good bioavailability.
Can “Easy” Chemistry Produce Complex, Diverse and Novel Molecules?
Authors: Tomberg Anna , Boström Jonas
Published: June 2020

Prompted by reoccurring statements found in the literature, at seminars, and at conferences, regarding the perceived inferiority of “easy-to-make” compounds compared to molecules obtained through other reaction schemes, we have investigated if there are significant differences between these two groups of compounds. As a surrogate for the “easy-to-make” set, we compiled screening compounds made from the most popular chemical reaction in medicinal chemistry, amide bond formation. The other set contained screening compounds made by any other coupling reaction using the expert system for named reaction identification and classification (namerxn) from NextMove Scientific Software. The data sets were rigorously compiled from the AstraZeneca electronic notebooks and screening databases. We can conclude that novelty, diversity and molecular complexity is nowadays not compromised by the use of amide bond formation, mainly due to a steady increase of unique amines made available during the last decades. With this, we can demonstrate that “easy” chemistry allows speedy access to a broad chemical space, facilitating progress in medicinal chemistry projects, and opens the possibility of synthesis automation and new technologies like DNA encoded libraries. That said, we also stress that innovative chemistry must be continuously developed to maintain the production of new elaborate building blocks enabling fast advancement in medicinal chemistry and drug design.
Prinzmetal angina. Questions of pathogenesis, clinic, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Shklovskiy B L , Prokhorchik A A , Pyr’ev A N , Baksheev V I
Published: June 2020

Current problems of Prinzmetal angina (vasospastic angina, variant angina) considers in this review. Attention is drawn to early diagnosis, which should be comprehensive, taking into account possible atypical courses and the development of complications. The important role of electrocardiographic monitoring (including using implantable recorders) is highlighted. It is emphasized that patients with cardiac arrhythmias, syncope are at high risk of developing sudden cardiac death. In this category of patients, it is recommended to timely determine the indications for implantation of a cardioverter - defibrillator. Authors consider the prospects of using new methods of treatment of angina pectoris.
Features of dermatological pathology on the background of HIV-infection
Authors: Tlish M M , Naatyzh Zh Yu , Kuznetsova T G , Gorodin V N
Published: June 2020

Over the past decade, there has been an increasing number of patients infected with HIV. The disease gradually leads to a pronounced immunodeficiency and death. In the vast majority of patients, polymorbidity phenomena are noted, which leads to the need for a differentiated interdisciplinary approach to their management. The knowledge of dermatologists of other dermatological aspects of HIV-infection by dermatologists and doctors will allow timely early detection of HIV-infected patients and avoid diagnostic errors. A clinical follow - up was carried out which showed issues of diagnostics while examining patients with HIV infection in outpatient practice.
Activity an enzyme 5`-nucleotidase in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Galeeva N V , Valeeva I Kh
Published: June 2020

Aim of the study. To determine the activity of enzyme 5`-nucleotidase depending on the of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome phases and duration of infection period in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Materials and methods. 166 patients (92 men, 74 women) with chronic hepatitis C were under observation. Conditionally, all patients were devided into 3 groups, based on the number of Tr, according to the phases of hemostasis: I group - hypercoagulation with number Tr>350×109/l; II - transient phase - Tr from 350 to 200×109/l and III - hypocoagulation - Tr
Listeriosis of the Central nervous system
Authors: Nagibina M V , Vengerov Yu Ya , Tishkevich O A , Smirnova T Yu , Baikova L B , Svistunova T S , Ryzhov G E , Matosova S V , Tsvetkova N A , Sadykova V D
Published: June 2020

Object. To study the main causes of severe course and high mortality in patients with nervous form of listeriosis. Materials and methods. The analysis of the course of Listeria meningoencephalitis (LM) in 36 patients aged from 9 to 85 years, who were treated in the Infectious clinical hospital No. 2 DZM (IKB No. 2 DZM). Along with standard examination methods, blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polymerase chain reaction tests were performed to identify Listeria monocytogenes. The sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics was determined by serial dilutions on the WalkAway 96 Plus device of Siemens, USA. Results. LM in 84% of cases developed in patients with disorders in the immune system, in particular, with infection with the human immunodeficiency virus - in 25% of cases. The clinical picture of the disease, changes in CSF were not typical for bacterial purulent meningitis of another etiology. It is noted that LM is characterized by early involvement of the substance and ventricles of the brain in the process. Conclusion. Severe course and high mortality are due to atypical picture of the disease, late diagnosis, low bioavailability of the pathogen for antibiotics (intracellular persistence of the pathogen) and frequent resistance to them. The mortality from the nervous form of listeriosis was 33.3%.
Complexity of the therapy of P. falciparum - malaria in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kovalenko A N , Musatov V B , Solovev A I , Kapatcyna V A
Published: June 2020

The article presents a clinical case of malaria in a 29-year - old man without immunodeficiency, complicated by the development of infectious - toxic shock, anemia, kidney damage. The brief literature review discusses the complexity of etiotropic therapy, the problem of pathogen resistance to antimalarial drugs, pathogenetic mechanisms that contribute to the formation of shock, anemia and kidney damage in tropical malaria.
Damage to periarticular soft tissues in real clinical practice: frequency, nature, effectiveness of non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs
Authors: Karateev A E , Lila A M , Zagorodni N V , Pogozheva E Yu
Published: June 2020

Damage to periarticular soft tissues is a common pathology that causes severe pain and impaired function of the musculoskeletal system. Aim. To determine the frequency, nature and clinical features of damage to periarticular soft tissues in real clinical practice, as well as the effectiveness of non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the debut of treatment of this pathology. Materials and methods. During the observational study, the frequency of defeat of the periarticular soft tissues in the structure of visits to 68 outpatient orthopedic surgeons in different cities of Russia for 1 month was estimated. Assessed the nature and dynamics of clinical manifestations during treatment in 1227 patients with defeat of the periarticular soft tissues. NSAIDs, mainly the original meloxicam, were used as a “first line” treatment for damage of the periarticular soft tissues. The results of treatment were evaluated after 10-14 days at a repeat visit of patients. Results. The proportion of patients with damage of the periarticular soft tissues was 15.8% of the total number of people who applied for outpatient care. Among 1227 patients (men 57.5%, average age 51.3±15.5 years) who were observed in the dynamics, prevailed were those with damage of the periarticular soft tissues of the knee joint area (knee joint enthesopathy, prepatellar bursitis, tendonitis/ bursitis of the goose foot area) - 21.2%, feet (plantar fasciitis, calcaneal spur) - 16.9%, shoulder (tendonitis of the muscles of the shoulder rotators) - 16.4% and the elbow (lateral and medial epicondylitis) - 15.3%. During treatment, there was a significant decrease in the total severity of pain - from 6.58±1.61 to 2.48±1.60 points on an 11-point numerical rating scale (p
The effectiveness of target therapy in patients with severe allergic asthma
Authors: Skorokhodkina O V , Valeeva A R , Luntsov A V , Pozdnyak V A
Published: June 2020

The purpose of study was to analyze own clinical experience and assess the effectiveness in treatment of severe very poorly controlled allergic asthma patients with omalizumab. The effectiveness of biologic treatment with omalizumab was analyzed in 10 patients with severe very poorly controlled allergic asthma. It has been shown that indication of anti-IgE therapy in case of severe allergic asthma resulted in decrease of day and night asthma symptoms, symptoms of allergic rhinitis, dose of other anti - inflammatory asthma medications, discontinuation of systemic corticosteroids which led to good and partial control of the disease. Anti-IgE therapy is a highly effective treatment in asthma patients with atopic phenotype.
A systematic review as a method of gathering scientific evidence into clinical guidelines: CHEST-2019 guideline for the therapy pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults
Authors: Shmalts A A , Gorbachevsky S V
Published: June 2020

The updated fourth version of the CHEST guideline presents the evidence base and treatment algorithm for pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults. The CHEST approach to creating clinical guidelines differs from the European one (ESC/ERS) and, in fact, consists in a systematic review of clinical trials and a sammary of their postulates.
Muramyldipeptide - based compounds in current medicine: focus on glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide
Authors: Ushkalova E A , Zyryanov S K , Zatolochina K E
Published: June 2020

The role of immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of almost all human diseases shown in recent decades, increase in antibiotic resistance and secondary immunodeficiency, aging of the population and widespread use of immunosuppressive drugs and procedures suggest a wider use of immunomodulators in current clinical practice, but the use of most of them limits the lack of knowledge. The most promising compounds for the development as immunomodulating agents and adjuvants for a wide range of vaccines are low molecular weight fragments of peptidoglycan - muramylpeptides. The article describes the mechanisms of action of muramylpeptides, their biological effects and properties of medicines developed on their basis. Special emphasis is placed to glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide registered in the Russian Federation under the trade name Likopid, which is currently the best - studied drug in its group. The results of Likopid studies when used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for infections of various localization in adults and children, for oncological diseases and complications of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, psoriasis, atopic and other diseases are presented. It is emphasized that in diseases associated with human papillomavirus and plaque psoriasis, according to current criteria of evidence - based medicine, Likopid should be classified as drug with level A efficacy (high efficiency in 80-100% of patients). High safety of Likopid in adults and children, including newborns, is noted.
Diagnostic accuracy of predictive indexes of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Maev I. V. , Kuznetsova E. I. , Andreev D. N. , Dicheva D. T.
Published: June 2020

Aim.Assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of predictive indexes of liver fibrosis for the identification of severe fibrosis and cirrhosis (F3F4) in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC).

Materials and methods.The retrospective design study included 127 patients with chronic hepatitis C (mean age 44.511.1 years). To assess the degree of liver fibrosis, all patients underwent transient elastography using a Fibroscan (EchoSens, France) and predictive indexes of liver fibrosis were calculated (APRI, FIB-4, discriminant Bonacini score). Transient elastography was considered as a reference method for assessing the degree of liver fibrosis for subsequent comparison of results with predictive fibrosis indixes.

Results.The sensitivity of the APRI index for the identification of severe fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver (F3F4) was 79%, and specificity was 69%. The FIB-4 index showed greater specificity (86%), but less sensitivity (68%). The sensitivity of the discriminant Bonacini scale was 81%, and the specificity was 77%. The positive predictive value of the APRI index, FIB-4 and the Bonacini scale for the identification of severe fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver (F3F4) in patients with chronic hepatitis C was 66; 78 and 72% respectively, and negative predictive value 82; 78 and 84% respectively.

Conclusion.The results of this study indicate the relatively high diagnostic accuracy of a number of predictive indexes for evaluating liver fibrosis (APRI, FIB-4, discriminant Bonachini scale) in identifying severe fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver (F3F4) in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Bile acids are a risk factor for colorectal cancer
Authors: Krumz L. M. , Gudkova R. B. , Indejkina L. Kh. , Sabelnikova E. A. , Parfenov A. I.
Published: June 2020

Bile acids were first considered carcinogenic in 1939. Since then, accumulated data have associated colon cell changes with high levels of bile acids as an important risk factor for developing colorectal cancer, which is more common among people who consume large amounts of dietary fat. Secondary bile acids formed under the influence of the intestinal microbiota can cause the formation of reactive forms of oxygen and nitrogen, disruption of the cell membrane, mitochondria, DNA damage, reduction of apoptosis, increased cell mutation, turning them into cancer cells. High-fat diet, intestinal microflora, bile acids are a risk factors for colorectal cancer.
Chronic pancreatitis with IBS-like syndrome: approach to therapy
Authors: Kozlova I. V. , Bykova A. P. , Osadchuk M. A.
Published: June 2020

Aim.To determine approaches of the exacerbations treatment of chronic pancreatitis (CP) with IBS (irritable bowel syndrome)-like syndrome.
Materials and methods.312 patients with exacerbation of CP were observed and received standard therapy: antispasmodics, enzymes, proton pump inhibitors. 85 (27.2%) patients had no response to treatment. After excluding obstructive CP, celiac disease, decompensation of diabetes (DD), ischemic and microscopic colitis, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) as a cause of abdominal pain and intestinal dysfunction, a group of 54 patients with exacerbation of CP and IBS-like syndrome was isolated. They were divided into 2 groups: group 1 persons receiving with standard treatment of CP ciprofloxacin in a dose of 500 mg 2 times a day for 10 days (26 patients), group 2 rifaximin 400 mg 3 times a day for 10 days (28 patients). The dynamics of clinical picture, biocenosis indices, endoscopic, morphological features of the colon, interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, IL-8 concentration in the colon mucosa (CA) were evaluated.
Results.IBS-like syndrome was determined in 54 (63.5%) patients with prolonged (more than 4 weeks) exacerbation of CP. A modification of therapy is proposed with the results of clinical and instrumental, laboratory, bacteriological studies. 68% of patients with exacerbation of CP, receiving in addition to the standard regimen rifaximin, achieved clinical improvement, normalization of intestinal biocenosis, reduced concentrations of cytokines in tissues, reducing signs of chronic inflammation in the colon mucosa with reducing concentrations of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 in colon mucosa (p0.05).
Conclusion.Exacerbation of CP, resistant to standard therapy, may be associated with the formation of IBS-like syndrome. The inclusion of rifaximin in the complex therapy of prolonged exacerbation of CP contributes to the relief of intestinal dysfunction, abdominal pain of intestine, improves biocenosis, reduces inflammatory modifications, and reduces the concentration of cytokines in the colon mucosa.
Changes in gut microbiota with bronchial asthma
Authors: Zolnikova O. Yu. , Potskhverashvili N. D. , Kudryavtseva A. V. , Krasnov G. S. , Guvatova Z. G. , Truhmanov A. S. , Kokina N. I. , Ivashkin V. T.
Published: June 2020

Aim.To study the intestinal microbiota changes in patients with bronchial asthma (BA).
Materials and methods.40 patients and 15 healthy individuals were included for the study. The microbiota study in feces samples was performed by sequencing the 16SpRNA gene.
Results.It was noted an increasing of theProteobacteriaproportion in the patients with BA. The fractions ofBetaproteobacteriaиGammaproteobacteriawere increased in the patients with allergic BA and at the same time, only theGammaproteobacteriapart was increased in patients with non-allergic form of BA. It was found an increase inBacilliand a decrease in the proportion bacteria forming butyrate (Anaerostipes, Faecalibacterium) and acetate (Alistipes), which was corresponded to a decrease in the proportion of strict anaerobic symbionts and an increase in the proportion of opportunistic facultative anaerobes. The relative bacteria amount was reduced for theNegativicutes Erysipelotrichia, Bacteroidia classes, theErysipelotrichaceae,Pseudomonadaceae, Rhodospirillaceae, Bacillaceae familiesand for the kinds ofBarnesiella, Paraprevotella, Pyrolobus, Bifidobacterium, Pseudomonas, Coprobacter, Bacillusin the allergic asthma patients with syndrome of intensive bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) cases. In the non-allergic asthma case, the presence of SIBO was accompanied by the relative bacteria amount increasing of theBacteroidaceaeand theParaprevotellafamilies and theOdoribacter,Bacteroides, Butyricicoccus, Parasutterellagenera. The bacterial spectrum changes correlated with the main clinical and laboratory manifestations of BA in the patients.
Conclusion.The results have indicated the differences in the intestinal microflora composition of healthy volunteers and patients with bronchial asthma in including the SIBO presence. It is necessary more detail study of the bacterial composition changes in the intestine for the bronchopulmonary pathology case.
Socio-economic burden of pulmonary hypertension: relevance of assessment in Russia and the world
Authors: Zakiev V. D. , Gvozdeva A. D. , Martynyuk T. V.
Published: June 2020

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease which is characterized with the increase of pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. Such condition leads to right ventricular heart failure and premature death of patients. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has the status of an orphan disease. However in Russia only idiopathic PH is included in the list of 24 life-threatening and chronic progressive rare diseases, while other forms of PH are not in it. Inclusion in this list guarantees drug provision for patients at the expense of the regional budget, while patients with other forms of PH can rely on free medication only if they have a disability. The lack of criteria for revising this list as well as the imperfection of legal regulation in the field of drug support for orphan diseases leads to high disability, a significant decrease in the duration and quality of life of patients with PH. As part of a multicriteria approach, a clinical and economic analysis of the disease burden can be one of the tools for policy development and decision-making on the distribution of funding in the healthcare. The article provides a review of the economic burden of various forms of PH in the world.
Characterisation of circulating microRNA-21 levels in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Gudkova A. Ya. , Davidova V. G. , Bezhanishvili T. G. , Pyko S. A. , Zarayskiy M. I.
Published: June 2020

Aim. To study the levels of circulating microRNA-21 in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) of different ages.
Materials and methods. The study included 49 patients with HCM. The proportion of females was 55.1%, males 44.9%. The average age was 50 [32; 65] (from 19 to 86 years). The control group for microRNA-21 included 44 healthy individuals, respectively, matched by the age and sex with the studied patients. Patients was made in accordance with the recommendations of the European society of cardiology. Plasma microRNA expression was determined by PCR with reverse transcription and real-time detection of results. The relative level of gene expression was calculated in accordance with the standard procedure 2-Ct.
Results. Septal wall thickness at end diastole has a significant negative correlation with age in patients with HCM (r=-0.56; р0.001). PWTd (posterior wall thickness at end diastole) has a significant positive correlation with age in patients with HCM (r=0.67, р0.001).
The level of circulating microRNA-21 in plasma is higher in patients with HCM compared to healthy individuals (5.28 [2.64; 13.96] and 0.84 [0.55; 1.23], respectively; p0.001). Significantly higher levels of microRNA-21 were found in young patients aged from 19 to 45 years with the symptomatic course of HCM (36.76 [5.66; 42.22]) compared to patients with asymptomatic course 45 years of age (2.81 [1.45; 5.28]; p0.002) and symptomatic patients 45 years (3.88 [2.16; 8.63]; p0.002).) The calculated risk of SCD was significantly higher in young symptomatic patients with HCM (6.01 [3.64; 9.67]) compared to patients with asymptomatic course 45 years (2.41 [1.21; 3.89]; p0.001) and symptomatic patients 45 years (2.56 [1.67; 4.41]; p0.001).
Conclusion. The level of circulating microRNA-21 is significantly in patients with HCM compared to control group. The maximum level of circulating microRNA-21 was detected in patients with symptomatic course of HCM at the age of 45 years.
Clinical characteristics and quality assessment of the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lazareva N. V. , Oshchepkova E. V. , Orlovsky A. A. , Tereschenko S. N.
Published: June 2020

Aim. A study of the clinical and instrumental characteristics and quality of treatment of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted by using the CHF register method, which is a computer program with remote access, which allows on-line data collection on patients who have been examined and treated in primary care and in hospitals. The study included 8272 patients with CHF IIIV FC (functional class) (New York Heart Association NYHA); among them 62% of patients were treated in hospital.
Results. The study showed that the frequency of diabetes was 21%. The main causes of CHF in diabetic patients are coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction (in anamnesis) and hypertension. These patients are more often diagnosed with III and IV CHF FC according to (NYHA) and retained LV (left ventricular) ejection fraction. The reduced ejection fraction was observed in 6.8% of cases, and the frequency of the intermediate LV was significantly higher than among patients with CHF and with diabetes and accounted for 18.9%. At patients with CHF with diabetes in comparison with patients with CHF without diabetes, atherosclerosis of the peripheral arteries, stroke (in anamnesis) and chronic kidney disease of stage III and IV were significantly more common.
Conclusion.Under the treatment, patients with CHF with diabetes have higher levels of SBP (systolic blood pressure), lipids and glucose in the blood plasma, indicating a lack of quality of treatment and, accordingly, the doctors are not optimally performing the clinical guidelines on treating this category of patients.
Adiponectin gene expression in local fat depots in patients with coronary heart disease depending on the degree of coronary lesion
Authors: Belik E. V. , Gruzdeva O. V. , Akbasheva O. E. , Dyleva Yu. A. , Borodkina D. A. , Sinitsky M. Yu. , Sotnikov A. V. , Kozyrin K. A. , Brel N. K. , Naumov D. Yu. , Shilov A. A. , Bychkova E. E. , Karetnikova V. N. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: June 2020

Aim. To determine the dependence of adiponectin gene expression by subcutaneous, epicardial and perivascular adipocytes on the degree of coronary lesion in coronary heart disease.
Materials and methods. 84 patients with coronary artery disease were examined. Of these, 39 people showed a moderate degree of atherosclerotic lesion of the coronary bed (less than or equal to 22 points) on the SYNTAX Score scale, 20 severe (2231 points), and 25 extremely severe (more than 32 points). Upon admission to the hospital, all patients underwent an echocardiographic study (Echocardiography, Acuson, Germany) with the calculation of the ejection fraction (EF) of the left ventricle (LV) to assess its systolic function. During a planned surgical intervention (coronary bypass surgery, CABG), adipocytes of subcutaneous, epicardial (EAT) and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) were taken. Adiponectin gene expression was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) using TaqMan probes. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 9.0.
Results. The maximum level of adiponectin expression was detected in adipocytes of PVAT, and the minimum EAT. With an increase in the degree of atherosclerotic lesion of the coronary bed, the expression of the adiponectin gene in adipocytes of local depots significantly decreases r=-0.82; p=0.023. Moreover, the low level of gene expression in EAT correlated with a decrease in LV EF by r=0.73; p=0.03. In adipocytes of subcutaneous and especially PVAT, gene expression was the highest in patients with a moderate degree of coronary lesion.
Conclusions. Low adiponectin gene expression in EAT is associated with an increase in the degree of atherosclerotic lesion of the coronary bed and a decrease in LV EF.
Clinical efficacy of mechanical bacterial lysate in the prevention of infectious exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Avdeev S. N. , Nuralieva G. S. , Gainitdinova V. V. , Baimakanova G. E. , So A. K. , Merzhoeva Z. M.
Published: June 2020

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of mechanical bacterial lysate on the prevention of infectious exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with frequent exacerbations.
Materials and methods. The study included patients (n=60) with frequent exacerbations of COPD (groups C and D according to the GOLD classification). All COPD patients were divided into two groups by blind method. The first group (n=30) received conventional therapy for COPD plus MBL (the course included 3 cycles of 10 days therapy with 20-day intervals between them). The second group of patients (control, n=30) received conventional therapy for COPD without MBL.We evaluated the severity of symptoms, frequency of recurrence of COPD exacerbations, readmissions, need for emergency care and changes in basic therapy of COPD. Evaluations were done on 10 days, 1, 3 and 6 months from the start of the study.
Results. Adding of MBL to the therapy list of COPD resulted in a significant decrease of biomarkers of systemic inflammation and sputum purulence during compared to the control group. After 6 months of observation MBL group demonstrated statistically significant improvement of respiratory function, decrease in frequency of COPD exacerbations, needs for emergency medical service, reduced changes in basic therapy and hospitalization for exacerbation of COPD. Therapy with MBL showed a high degree of safety and low incidence of adverse events.
Conclusion. The results of the study indicate that MBL may be used for the prevention of severe infectious exacerbations of COPD.