bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INVENTORY AND ASSESSMENT OF CORIANDER CROP IN THE STATE OF RAJASTHAN USING MULTITEMPORAL REMOTE SENSING DATA
Authors: Roy S. , Singh N. , Kumar P. , Kimothi M. M. , Mamatha S.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The present study aims to develop the methodology for inventory and assessment of coriander crop in Rajasthan using remote sensing technique. Sentinel-2A optical data having a spatial resolution of 10 m, from January–March, 2017 were considered for this study keeping in mind the crop calendar. It was found that coriander at its flowering stage gives a distinct light pink colour which helps it to differentiate from other crops. However it is difficult to separate other stages of coriander (early vegetative, mature stage) owing to its similarity in tonal pattern with mustard. The overall accuracy of single date image was found to be 63.29% and Kappa (K^) Coefficient as 0.5532. With the inclusion of multiple dates accuracy increased to 91.14% and Kappa (K^) Coefficient to 0.7436. This was because increase in information increases the possibility to separate crops from each other. This study demonstrates the feasibility of multi-temporal satellite data for accurate coriander crop mapping area estimation in multi-crop scenario with reasonable accuracy at the Block/district level and State level.
AGRICULTURAL LAND USE CHANGE ANALYSIS USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS: A CASE STUDY OF ALLAHABAD, INDIA
Authors: Kumar V. , Agrawal S.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Urbanization is occurring at a fast rate in India. Population residing in urban areas was 11.4% according to the Census of 1901. This percentage has gradually increased to 31.16% according to the Census of 2011. Conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural uses is the major side effect of urbanization. The objective of this paper is to identify the changes in the agriculture land and its conversion into other Land Use Land Cover (LULC) type. In order to achieve this objective, mapping of land use changes is done by using the GIS and remote sensing. This study utilizes satellite images along with field survey and statistical data to detect the change of farming land into other LULC type in different tehsils of Allahabad district. This study is carried out over the time period of 18 years that ranges from 2000 to 2018. This work provides the detail of expansion and shrinkage of agriculture and open land at tehsil level. Landsat data is used in this work which is open source and freely downloadable. Landsat images of study period i.e. from 2000 to 2018 are downloaded and then preprocessed. Supervised classification of images is performed using Gaussian maximum likelihood technique. The training samples are collected with the help of ground truth information. After this, identification of land use changes is done on pixel by pixel basis. This would find out the LULC class which is primary responsible for the shrinkage of agriculture land. This spatio-temporal and statistical research work will help to construct a base for a sustainable development model.
VIS-NIR REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY FOR ASSESSMENT OF SOIL ORGANIC CARBON IN A RICE-WHEAT FIELD OF LUDHIANA DISTRICT OF PUNJAB
Authors: Mondal B. P. , Sekhon B. S. , Sahoo R. N. , Paul P.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a crucial indicator of soil fertility, maintaining soil health and sustaining the productivity of agro-ecosystem. Rapid, reliable and cost effective assessment of soil properties specially for SOC is important for monitoring soil fertility status along with soil health. Conventional chemical analysis of any soil property is hazardous, tedious and time consuming. So, the visible near infrared (VIS-NIR) reflectance spectroscopy can provide an effective alternative technique for rapid and ecofriendly measurement of soil properties. In view of this, a key soil fertility parameter SOC was examined through diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Georeferenced surface soil samples (0–15 cm) were collected from a rice-wheat field of the study area for both chemical and spectral analysis. A viable statistical technique namely partial least square regression (PLSR) technique were used to correlate the measured properties with soil reflectance spectra and for developing spectral model. The predictive performance of newly developed spectral model was evaluated through different reliable indices like root mean square of error of prediction (RMSEP), coefficient of determination (R2) and ratio of performance deviation (RPD). The result showed that the R2 value for SOC is 0.44, RMSEP is 0.07 and the RPD value is 1.57 in the validation dataset. The RPD value indicating that SOC can be reliably predicted using the hyperspectral model or reflectance analysis. So, this hyperspectral modeling technique can be successfully employed for monitoring soil health as well as for sustainable agriculture.
GEO BIG DATA AND DIGITAL AUGMENTATION FOR ACCELERATING AGROECOLOGICAL INTENSIFICATION IN DRYLANDS
Authors: Biradar C. M. , Ghosh S. , Löw F. , Singh R. , Chandna P. , Sarker A. , Sahoo R. N. , Swain N. , Choudhury G. , Agrawal S. , Rizvi N. , El-shamaa K. , Atassi L. , Dong J. , Gaur A. , Werry J.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Integrated system approach becomes key pillar for sustainable intensification of agri-food systems while ensuring ecological functions under changing climate, diet and demography. The digitization of the agroecosystems become most essential entry point for any sustainable developmental entities whether it is plant genetics for breeding better varieties, crop diversification and intensification, efficient use of farm inputs, agronomic practices, stable economic return, to ecosystem services management. The functional production systems become more important than single commodity production systems. Recent advances in Earth Observation System (EOS), Open-Access (AO), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Information, and Communication Technologies (ICTs), Cloud Computing Platforms (CCP) along with smartphone-enabled Citizen Science (CS) increasingly make Big-Data analytics much smarter, interoperable and much useful than ever before, and create valuable baseline information for decision making. This has opened tremendous opportunities to address the knowledge gaps at multiple levels (e.g., data, yield, ecology, economy, resilience) for demand-driven ecological interventions across the scale (e.g., space, time and package). Ongoing efforts in big-data driven digital augmentation aim at quantifying functional production dynamics and drivers to target site-specific sustainable developmental interventions and scaling the ecological intensification such as intensification of pulses in cereal-based systems (rice fallows), adoption of conservation agriculture, bridging the yield gaps, geo-localization of the research and impact reporting. Here we present some of the ongoing efforts in EOS Big Data for digital augmentation for accelerating agroecological intensification in different agroecologies and regions in the drylands.
COMPARISON OF LANDSAT-8 AND SENTINEL-2 DATA FOR CLASSIFICATION OF RABI CROPS OVER KARNATAKA, INDIA
Authors: Paul S. , Kumar D. N.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Classification of crops is very important to study different growth stages and forecast yield. Remote sensing data plays a significant role in crop identification and condition assessment over a large spatial scale. Importance of Normalized Difference Indices (NDIs) along with surface reflectances of remotely sensed spectral bands have been evaluated for classification of eight types of Rabi crops utilizing the Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 datasets and performances of both the satellites are compared. Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2A images are acquired for the location of crops and seven and nine spectral bands are utilized respectively for the classification. Experiments are carried out considering the different combinations of surface reflectances of spectral bands and optimal NDIs as features in support vector machine classifier. Optimal NDIs are selected from the set of 7C2 and 9C2 NDIs of Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2A datasets respectively using the partial informational correlation measure, a nonparametric feature selection approach. Few important vegetation indices (e.g. enhanced vegetation index) are also experimented in combination with the surface reflectances and NDIs to perform the crop classification. It has been observed that combination of surface reflectances and optimal NDIs can classify the crops more efficiently. The average overall accuracy of 80.96% and 88.16% are achieved using the Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2A datasets respectively. It has been observed that all the crop classes except Paddy and Cotton achieve producer accuracy and user accuracy of more than 75% and 85% respectively. This technique can be implemented for crop identification with adequate accessibility of crop information.
Measuring Social Innovation for Education and Resource Development in Refugee Camps: A Conceptual Study
Authors: Yesufu Lawal , Alajlani Sami
Published: July 2019

The objective of this paper is to contribute to the knowledge on social innovation for education and resource development.  The study combined two related constructs: social innovation and the administration of refugees in a camp environment. Existing research has studied social innovation. However, there is limited research on social innovation in the context of refugees. This study offers a comprehensive approach by defining social innovation contextually and determines if certain knowledge can be classified as social innovation. The results would indicate that social innovation projects do exist within the human resource development, political influence, social and entrepreneurial frameworks. Hence, in contributing to the theory on social innovation, further work should focus on the context in which the social innovation is studied, as the context could affect the outcome. The findings will be of value to future investments in both social innovation and social entrepreneurship, in particular within socially deprived environments.
Determinants of Patient-Directed Citizenship Behaviors of Nurses in Thailand: A Motivation Model
Authors: Somrongthong Ratana , Trichandhara Kanon
Published: July 2019

This cross-sectional study explored how transformational leaders and public service motives impacted patient-directed citizenship behaviors of the nurses in three southern border provinces of Thailand. The participants of 813 nurses were selected via multi-stage sampling. A questionnaire was employed as its instrument. The structural model analysis revealed a congruence between the hypothesized model and the empirical data where
Research on intercultural adaptation of Chinese enterprise personnel in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zhao Guangcun
Published: July 2019

Chinese enterprise personnel are faced with the problem of intercultural adaptation. Based on Black's theory of "three-dimensional" model of intercultural adaptation, this paper proposes a "four-dimensional" model of intercultural adaptation, namely, life adaptation, work adaptation, interpersonal adaptation and Chinese image adaptation. The research method of semi-structured in-depth interview is used to interview 23 Chinese people from one Chinese enterprise in Saudi Arabia, who have worked there for at least one year. We get findings as follows: (1) Life adaptation: maladjustment is mainly reflected in religious restriction. Especially, religious regulations and taboos make the life of Chinese enterprise personnel restricted. However, there are also many aspects of adaptation, such as Saudi cuisine, living environment and leisure life, which bring the satisfaction of life demands to Chinese enterprise personnel. (2) Work adaptation: foreign companies must employ a certain proportion of local people to work in their companies; the roles of buyers and sellers in Saudi Arabia and in China are different; the concept of time is different. (3) Interpersonal adaptation: Chinese people in Saudi Arabia still have the most frequent contact with their Chinese compatriots, and it is difficult for them to develop close friendship with foreigners. Chinese people are good at creating harmonious interpersonal relationships for work through some after-work activities, such as drinking tea, eating out and holding football matches. (4) Chinese image adaptation: Chinese enterprise personnel in Saudi Arabia have decent income, and Saudi police fail to check Chinese cars, all of which make the Chinese people have a positive face value.

In view of the above four adaptation situations of Chinese enterprise personnel in Saudi Arabia, the following suggestions are proposed: (1) Be strict with yourself in life, respect local social and religious customs, and also keep a careful attitude and actively deal with disadvantageous factors. (2) While benefiting from working or doing business in Saudi Arabia, we should make contributions for the development of local economy and society, providing employment and training for local people. (3) We should observe the local laws and regulations, and also follow the local and international market rules. (4) In interpersonal communication, we should combine the maintenance mode of Chinese "guanxi" (relationship) with western "principle" on the one hand, and make a difference between them on the other hand. (5) In terms of image adaptation, besides maintaining a good image politically and economically, it is also necessary to improve our individual quality and our cultural cultivation overseas, be a communicator bridging Chinese and foreign excellent culture, and build a positive national image and individual image.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Education Studies, Vol. 12, No. 8
Authors: Lee Chris
Published: July 2019

Reviewer acknowledgements for International Education Studies, Vol. 12, No. 8, 2019.
The 21st-Century Teacher: Teacher’s Competence Within the Character Education Framework Towards A Cultural-Oriented Development and Promoting Tolerance
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman
Published: July 2019

Teachers play a major role in the cultural-oriented and tolerant development character education considering the fact that teachers interact with students the most. This paper investigates the role of certified teachers in character education in promoting cultural-oriented development and tolerance. The results reveal that the competence of the certified teachers positively contributes to the character education in conceptualizing the values above. In providing in-depth insight regarding the contribution of the 21st-century teachers, it is concluded that the certified teachers have attempted to promote character values to the students to conceptualize a cultural-oriented development and promoting tolerance.
Forward-Looking Intellectual Capital Information in Integrated Reporting: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Menicucci Elisa , Paolucci Guido
Published: July 2019

The aim of the paper is to explore the amount of forward-looking intellectual capital information (FL_ICI) in Integrated Reporting (IR) and the effect of firm characteristics on FL_ICI within this context. This study empirically bridges the research gap on the issues of forward-looking information (FLI) and adds to intellectual capital (IC) disclosure research. In particular, the paper responses to two research questions specifically: what are the extent and the content of FL_ICI and what are the factors that impact on different IC voluntary reporting behaviors in IR. A content analysis is apply to inspect the subjects and the amount of FL_ICI in reports accessible in the web site of the International Integrated Reporting Council. Five Models are verified using a multivariate regression analysis to investigate the influence of three independent variables (firm size, profitability and leverage) on FL_ICI. The research proves that companies are reluctant to disclose FL_ICI in integrated reports. The findings of the research show that the majority of FL_ICI regards relational capital. The regression model also reveals that firm size and profitability have a statistically significant influence on specific topics of FL_ICI. On the contrary, leverage appears insignificant in determining the amount of FL_ICI. The research contributes to prior disclosure literature regarding forward-looking information since prior research results are unclear. There is a limited number of studies that investigated FL_ICI in relation to firm characteristics and no studies have investigated this issue within the setting of IR.
Poultry Production System in Mauritania before the Activities of the “Program to Alleviate Rural Poverty through Support to Subsectors” (ProLPRAF)
Authors: Pousga Salimata , Maali Cheikh Ben , Ouedraogo Georges Anicet
Published: July 2019

The objective of the present study was to display the state of poultry production in fourth (4) regions (Nouakchott, Hodh El Gharbi, Assaba and Guidimaka) covered by ProLPRAF program at the beginning of the program activities in 2011. Data were collected during surveys with different questionnaires addressed to different actors of the poultry sector.

Results from farmers showed that 65.0% were female with average age of 45.3 ± 8.40 years. Production constraints remained the same as those encountered in poultry farming in developing countries. There were no poultry markets in the regions, poultry sellers in Nouakchott were male (100%) with average age of 34.8 ± 5.2 years. Traditional local chicken marketed in the regions came either from Nouakchott region (40%) and others (40%), or imported from neighboring countries (20%). In modern poultry farming, day-old chick was imported from Morocco (85%) or Senegal (15%) as well as production inputs. The price of local chicken ranged from 1385 ± 126 to 2325 ± 275 MU, while broiler chicken was between 1255 ± 60 and 1470 ± 47 MU. Local chicken was for ritual, traditions and practices (75%). Layer’s Eggs were imported from Morocco (55%) or Senegal (45%), and average unit price of one egg was around 43.0 ± 5.0 MU. Poultry meat cooked in the restaurants consisted exclusively of broilers meat (100%).

Poultry farming was facing socio-political constraints that limited its development, but the ProLPRAF program has been able to tackle these constraints and the impact of the program is plausible today.
Impact of Composting on Growth, Vitamin C and Calcium Content of Capsicum chinense
Authors: Premamali Maheshika , Kannangara Kamal N. , Yapa Priyantha I.
Published: July 2019

The nutritional quality of the food has become a serious concern in existing agricultural system as the present world aims to enhance only the food production. A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of different fertilizers on growth, vitamin C and calcium content in yield of Capsicum chinense at Regional Agricultural Research and Development Center, Makandura consisting four treatments as without fertilizer (control/ T1), only compost (T2), compost + inorganic fertilizer (T3) and only inorganic fertilizer (T4) with a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicating four times. Vitamin C content was measured by Indophenol dye redox titration method and calcium content was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance. The highest growth was recorded in T3 and no significant differences between treatments in growth parameters at 50% flowering stage.The Vitamin C content was highest in treatment with only compost (T2) and the lowest in treatment compost + inorganic fertilizer (T3). The results indicated that yield from organically managed crops contain significantly higher amount of vitamin C (9.24±2.27 mg/100g, p= 0.0274). The highest calcium content was found in T1 (control) (1.1±0.05 %) and a significant difference (p= 0.0296) was observed between T1 (control) and T3 (calcium=0.75±0.12 %). Compost alone can be used to produce food with high amount of vitamin C. Use of inorganic fertilizer alone or integration of compost with inorganic fertilizer was less effective in producing high quality nutritious foods.
A Brief History of Endophyte Detection Techniques in Grasses
Authors: Ahmad Rana Zaheer , Ameen Fuad , Khalid Rida , Alghuthaymi Mousa A. , Alsalmi Reem , Li Chunjie
Published: July 2019

Endophytes are the plant mutualists that live asymptomatically inside plant tissue and are found in nearly whole plant kingdom. Endophytic fungi receive shelter and nutrition from host plants and in return provide great advantages to the host. Grasses are a useful forage species and are of great agricultural and socio-economic value. The presence of endophytes in these grasses provide protection, persistence and improved yield against herbivores, insects, pathogens, drought and several other biotic and abiotic stresses. This review summarizes traditional and modern molecular techniques to identify endophytes from turf and forage grasses. Traditional approaches include direct observation, staining, laser micro dissection and pressure catapulting and cultivation-dependent methods that provide a morphological identification of endophytic mycobiota in grass tissues. Earlier studies on endophytes using these methods resulted in several technical implications which molecular approaches are able to solve now-a-days. Molecular approaches include DNA extraction, PCR based DNA Fingerprinting techniques, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, Sanger sequencing, Pyrosequencing, Immunoblot assay, Biosensors, DNA Barcoding and Molecular Phylogenetics etc. A comparison of these detection techniques will facilitate other researchers as well to develop new ways for the detection of endophytes that will contribute to the improvement of grassland in future.
Enkele reflecties op toezicht in het Nederlands strafrechtelijk sanctiestelsel
Authors: ten Voorde Jeroen
Published: July 2019

Some reflections on supervision in the Dutch criminal sanction system

Dutch legal scholars have expressed their concern over an increase in (the relevance of) supervision as part of the criminal sanction system. They endorse the need for a more fundamental research on the nature and position of supervision within the Dutch criminal sanction system. This article discusses some fundamental issues: the meaning of autonomy and the position of the autonomous person as an object of supervision, the possible consequences of supervision for and the various purposes of supervision within the criminal sanction system.
IMPROVING ENGLISH SPEAKING ABILITIES OF ESL LEARNERS THROUGH COMMUNICATIVE TASK-BASED INSTRUCTION
Authors: Bone Janice C. , San Jose Ariel Epan , Robles Concepcion Maria Gregoria
Published: July 2019

Speaking is one of the most exploited skills. However, despite the many endeavors conducted by English teachers, speaking proficiency remains poor among tertiary students. This qualitative-phenomenological study aimed to determine the experiences of the students on the use of communicative task-based instruction in improving their speaking abilities. Using the focus group discussion, the researcher found that gener-ally, the participants believed that the communicative task-based instruction provided them opportunities to enhance their communicative abilities; let them overcome the fear of speaking; gave them a lot of fun; and allowed them to apply the tasks even outside their classrooms. The participants suggested that exposure to real conversa-tion tasks might be done; design individual tasks would be interesting, and that technology might be used in doing the tasks. Thorough discussions and conclusion were provided.
DEVELOPMENT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF MASS MEDIA TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Strzelec Marcin , Czarkowski Jakub Jerzy
Published: July 2019

The article raises the issue of the impact of mass media on distance education. Com-munication is a key element of the educational process. It is particularly important in distance education.
The authors analyzed books, radio and television, as well as the Internet as a means of mass communication, and showed the impact, of the changes taking place, on the de-velopment of distance education.
The authors indicate how changing the forms of mass communication has influenced changes in the way and effectiveness of education. Special importance is attributed to the feedback communication that enabled the emergence of the Internet.
IMPACT OF SAFETY CLIMATE ON JOB PERFORMANCE AND JOB SATISFACTION WITH MODERATING ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL
Authors: Khan Muhammad Saqib
Published: July 2019

The current research investigated the effect of safety climate on job satisfaction and job performance with psychological capital as a moderator between safety climate and job satisfaction as well as job performance. This research fills the gap by collecting empirical evidence from the emerging organizations of Pakistan. Conservation of resource theory (COR) is relevant to the research area. Data were collected from 300 employees from different Organizations. The current study is empirical and quantitative-based study is used to conducted research. Data were collected by convenient non-probability sampling techniques to be used and collected from employees working in the reputed organization; Chemical, Cement, Petroleum, Oil and Gas industry of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Confirmatory Factor analysis was done through AMOS and hypotheses were tested through SPSS regression analysis process of Hayes model. To test the moderation effects, the process of Hayes model 1 was also performed. Safety climate has a positive relationship with the two DVs which are job performance and job satisfaction. Moreover, Psychological Capital played a significant moderating role between safety climate and job satisfaction as well as job performance. When Psychological capital was high, the relationship between safety climate and job performance as well as the relationship between safety climate and job satisfaction were stronger. These results are important for future studies. This research recommended top management and responsible authorities to promote safety climate activates between their organization in order to enhance their employees satisfy and high performed. Moreover, this research strongly recommends psychological capital amongst organization looking for highly satisfied and effective employees. Further implications for practice were discussed in detail.
THE DETERMINATION OF JOB SATISFACTION AMONG FEMALE SCHOOL TEACHERS “A STUDY OF NAUSHAHRO FEROZE, SINDH, PAKISTAN”
Authors: Memon Ali-Raza , Memon Aqeela , Bemisal Ain
Published: July 2019

This research based on factors affecting Job Satisfaction among the female teachers in Private Schools of Naushahro Feroze. Job satisfaction is an important topic in aca-demic and business practices. The salary scale, coworkers’ relationship scale, and working environment scale measure job satisfaction in this study. Researchers applied the quantitative research and numerical analysis of the data using the random sam-pling method. The study was held only on female teachers who work in the education sector in Private Schools in District Naushahro Feroze and filled the survey question-naires. The questionnaires were analyzed through IBM SPSS 16. Then co-relation test was used for hypothesis proving and to see the relationship between variables.
SOCIAL ACTIVITY OF ACADEMIC YOUTH. REPORT ON THE RESEARCH OF STUDENTS FROM THE MARIE CURIE-SKLODOWSKA UNIVERSITY IN LUBLIN
Authors: Cieślikowska Magdalena , Smalej Olga , Wrochna Przemysław
Published: July 2019

In today's world, social activity is an extremely important element in the process of building a civil society and social capital. Moreover, apart from activities for the common good, this aspect is a key element of personal development, allowing even to gain highly-valued experience in the labor market. Considering the age, lifestyle and educational capital of university students. it can be assumed that this group may be characterized by a high level of activity in the social field. However, numerous analyz-es carried out by research institutions indicate a low level of this activity among the university students.
The article is an attempt to verify the above thesis based on studies carried out among students of the Marie Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin. In the assumption, the article points to: diagnosis of the tendency of students to undertake social activities; assessment of the values that determine pro-social and "pro-civil" attitudes, which constitute a barrier to the development of this field; and draws attention to the activi-ties that prevail, and which become marginalized.
POLISH RADIO ON THE BACKGROUND OF SYSTEMIC CHANGES IN POLAND IN THE YEARS 1945-1956
Authors: Kazimierski Zygmunt , Mielnik Marcin
Published: July 2019

The Polish Radio began its activity on the first of February 1925. On this day the first program of the Polish Radio technical Society was broadcasted. From then on, the radio accompanied Polish people in good and bad times. The years 1946 – 1956 were not so glorious. At that time, Polish radio became the propaganda tool for the PPR and from December 1949 the PZPR. These parties, mainly under the slogans of the reconstruction of the country from war damage and the struggle for peace, sought to Stalinize Poland on the model of the USSR.
While studying those times, it should be stated that information and publication hardly existed because it was replaced by a hypocritical, brutal and intrusive propaganda. However, history of Polish Radio in those years should not only been described in critical way. At that time, many very important and socially necessary initiatives took place. Since the first year after regaining independence, more and more new broadcast stations have been launched in various regions of Poland. New programs were broad-casting more and more often, such as "Muzyka i Aktualności", in which various mes-sages were given with ease, interwoven with modern jazz music.
ANALYZING THE ROLE OF MARXIST, ALTHUSSERIAN AND FREUDIAN
IDEOLOGIES IN THE MAKING OF MODERN WORLD THROUGH THE POST-WORLD WARS DYSTOPIAN FICTION
Authors: Zubair Hassan Bin
Published: July 2019

This research explores the transition towards the modern era from the brutal scenario of World Wars I &II. Different kind of fiction was produced in this context and every writer has tried his/her level best to present that dilemma in his/her own way. It pre-sents a clear picture that which sort of elements were there to bring that specific change and transition towards the modern era in 20th century. It has brought the ur-ban settlements and rapid growth in the industrial deeds. During that specific time, fascism, consumer culture, surveillance, anti- intellectualism, media influence com-munism and totalitarianism were on the peak. All these factors lead the writers to create dystopian fiction and it formed a striking literary movement. This research is limited to the three dystopian novels of 20th century including Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, Lord of the Flies by William Golding and 1984 by George Orwell. This research is qualitative in nature, Marxist, Althusserian and Freudian theories support this research as a primary theoretical framework. This research is helpful to know about the Pre and Post World Wars scenario and to know about the socio-political scenario of the present day world.
A relational concept of inclusion. Critical perspectives
Authors: Schmitt Caroline
Published: July 2019

The adoption of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) underlines the status of inclusion as a human right. In this context, inclusion means being involved in society, and people being acknowledged whatever their abilities and needs. The article gives an insight into the international debate on inclusion, and the discussion and state of implementation in Germany. It advocates a relational concept of inclusion making use of an “agency-vulnerability nexus”. Just like the human rights understanding of inclusion, relational theories of agency and vulnerability examine the processes in social environments which enable or hinder agency. They focus on professional practice, the organisational structures of social services, political conditions and social discourse (for example on disability or refugeeism) and how they are relevant to subjective scopes of action. A perspective of this kind has inherent potential with regard to social criticism, and this is indispensable for a debate which understands inclusion as a task to be tackled by society as a whole.
Tarifbindung und betriebliche Interessenvertretung: Ergebnisse aus dem IAB-Betriebspanel 2018
Authors: Ellguth Peter , Kohaut Susanne
Published: July 2019

Der Beitrag schreibt die jährliche Berichterstattung des IAB in den WSI-Mitteilungen zur Tarifbindung und betrieblichen Interessenvertretung mit Daten für 2018 fort. Zunächst wird die Tarifbindung der Betriebe nach Branche, Betriebsgröße und Bundesland dargestellt. Dabei wird auf die nach wie vor vorherrschenden Unterschiede zwischen West- und Ostdeutschland abgestellt. Seit 1996 hat die Flächentarifbindung in beiden Landesteilen eine deutlich rückläufige Tendenz, auch wenn die Entwicklung in jüngster Zeit weniger eindeutig verläuft. Ergänzt werden die Ergebnisse zur Tarifbindung durch Informationen zum Betriebsrat und zu alternativen Formen der betrieblichen Mitarbeitervertretung. Auch für den Betriebsrat ist in der langen Sicht ein abnehmender Deckungsgrad zu konstatieren. Allerdings scheint dieser Trend 2018 gebrochen. Die verschiedenen nicht gesetzlich legitimierten Vertretungsformen zeichnen sich in erster Linie durch ihre geringe Stabilität aus. Abschließend werden in einer gemeinsamen Betrachtung der betrieblichen und sektoralen Ebene der Interessenvertretung die ausgedehnten betrieblichen Vertretungslücken so wie die „weißen Flecken“ in der Tarif- und Mitbestimmungslandschaft ausgewiesen.
Experiential Learning Within and Without Philosophy
Authors: Winters Andrew M. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2019

Philosophy has made substantive contributions to education, going at least as far back as to well-known figures such as Plato and Aristotle. Along with disciplines like psychology and sociology, philosophy has helped shape some of the core features of experiential learning. The central aim of the present introduction is to illustrate how developments in experiential learning are the result of contributions from both within and without philosophy. Some secondary goals include discussing the historical and contemporary developments in experiential learning as a way of framing the essays that make up this special issue.
Etkileşimci Metafor Kuraminin Eleştirisi
Authors: Yavuz Alper ,   Kilikya Felsefe Dergisi
Published: July 2019

Bu yazıda Elisabeth Camp'in metafor kuramını eleştireceğim. Bu kurama göre metaforik anlam metaforik olarak kullanılan terimin işaret ettiği şeyin karakterizasyonunun bir başka şeyin karakterizasyonu ile etkileşimi yoluyla ortaya çıkar. Bu etkileşim beraberinde metaforun önemli bilişsel özelliklerinden biri olan olarak-görme etkisini zorunlu olarak getirir. Ben bu kuramın açıklamaya çalıştığı dilsel olguyu gereksiz yere karmaşıklaştırdığını savunacağım. Söz konusu olgu etkileşime gerek olmadan da açıklanabilir. Camp'in tersine, olarak-görme etkisinin metafor için özsel olmadığını savunacağım. Bunların yanı sıra Camp'in metafor kuramının kimi değillenmiş metafor kullanımlarını açıklayamadığını göstermeye çalışacağım.
Felsefenin Doğuşuna İçkin Bir Unsur Olarak Mitos
Authors: Özgöçer Mehmet Buğra ,   Kilikya Felsefe Dergisi
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırma, felsefenin doğuşunda katkısı bulunan mitsel evren görüşünün işlevini ve felsefenin gelişimi ile olan bağını çözümlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Hesiodos ve Homeros gibi ozanların döneminden Pre-Sokratik filozoflara kadar olan dönemde “mitostan logosa” geçiş olarak özetlenen dönüşümün çok boyutlu yapısı irdelenmiştir. Belirli bir süreç içinde ve kısmi şekilde gerçekleşen bu dönüşüm, mitsel evren anlayışının kavramsal düşünce sistemleri ile olan bağını göstermektedir. Mitlerin yapısı üzerine farklı ekollerce dile getirilmiş değerlendirmelere göre bu anlatıların, evreni bütüncül olarak görmenin bir şekli oldukları görülmüştür. Bunun yanında mitlerin ilk filozoflara kadar olan dönemde kavramsal düşünceye nasıl bir temel teşkil ettikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca felsefenin, mitsel düşünceden bütüncül evren anlayışını miras alıp, evrene bu bütüncüllükle ancak ondan farklı olarak rasyonel temelde açıklama girişiminin bir ifadesi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Gramer Hatalarina Dayali Argümantasyon ve Bir Ad Hominem Alt Türü Olarak “De Ayri” Safsatasi
Authors: Uyar Tevfik ,   Kilikya Felsefe Dergisi
Published: July 2019

Sosyal medyada cereyan eden tartışmalarda sık sık “kişinin dil bilgisi ve yazım kurallarına uygun yazmadığı ve bu nedenle de kişinin söylediklerine güvenilemeyeceği veya söylediklerinin yanlış olduğu” şeklinde argümanlara rastlanmaktadır. Bu makalede konunun özellikle kişinin dil bilgisi ve yazım kuralları hakkındaki bilgi ve becerisi olmadığı her hâl ve durumda bu türden argümanların ad hominem (insan karalama safsatası) olarak değerlendirilmeleri gerektiği savunulmuştur. Sık karşılaşılan safsata alt tiplerine ayrı bir isim verilmesinin tespitlerini kolaylaştıracağı düşüncesiyle, konu edilen bu özel ad hominem alt türü “de ayrı safsatası” olarak adlandırılmıştır. Ayrıca bu alt tipe benziyor olmasına rağmen biçim olarak farklılık gösteren ve bu nedenle safsata niteliği göstermeyen argüman örneklerine değinilmiştir.
ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL RISK AND DAMAGE TO POPULATION HEALTH FROM WATER AND FOOD CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION
Authors: Buymova Svetlana A. , Bubnov Andrei G. , Tsarev Yuri V. , Semenov Aleksey O.
Published: July 2019

This paper examines the possibility of adapting known methods of risk assessment and calculation of potential damage to various groups of Russian population from consuming drinking water and food containing different types of pollutants. Parameters were considered: appearance, color, taste, smell, texture (for all samples), as well as shape, surface, type of cracks (for dry cookies), odor, aroma, color, turbidity (for bottled water); pH; the content of mineral substances (Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fegen); the content of toxic elements (As2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Hg2+); the content of chlorine-organic pesticides (DDT, α-, β-, γ-HCH, heptachlor); moisture content, carotenoids; fat content and Cl- (for canned meat); the content of dry matter, vegetable admixtures, and titrated acidity (for fruit and vegetable purees); thickness, humidity, alkalinity, acidity, water absorption, fat and ash content (for biscuits). In total, 52 quality indicators for each of the selected water samples were analyzed. According to the assessment, the significant damage to the health of the population is the consumption of meat and milk produced in the state farms of Ivanovo and the Kostroma region (16000 - 280000 dollars per year), as well as consumption of bottled water ($ 15000 to $ 24540 per year). For drinking spring water, the damage ranges from 270 to 9,200 dollars per year. The minimum damage is estimated with the use of tap water ($ 2,220- $ 2050 per year), and fruit and vegetable purees ($ 7,520 per year). The proposed methodology can be used to justify the cost of environmental protection measures as well as safety measures taken by health protection and welfare authorities.
PREPARATION OF LACTIC ACIDOLIGOMER
Authors: Glotova Valentina N. , Ushakova Tatyana V. , Novikov Viktor T.
Published: July 2019

The process of obtaining of lactic acid oligomer as by-product for synthesis of biodegradable polylactide was investigated. Synthesis of oligomer was carried out by azeotropic distillation of water. Aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, chlorobenzene, bromobenzene and o-dichlorobenzene were used. They form heteroazeotropes. This allowed to control the volume of distilled water. The time of obtaining of oligomer of lactic acid in presence aromatic hydrocarbons and without them was compare in the article. The reaction of obtaining of oligomer was carried out in a rotary vacuum evaporator and in laboratory distillation installation in presence of catalyst (ZnO in the amount of 1.5% by weight) for reaction assessment. It was shown that the using of azeotropic distillation of water from reaction mass allow to reduce the time of oligomer synthesis compared to standard distillation of water from the lactic acid solution. It implements by reducing of viscosity of reaction mass that improves heat and mass transfer in the reactor. These factors contribute to increase rate of distillation of solution water and water which release in the process of polycondensation of lactic acid. The oligomer yield also increases. The actual control of concentrating of the aqueous solution of lactic acid and the oligomer obtaining reaction carried out according to the rate of distillation of the water from the reactor. Also the control was carried out by changing the molecular weight of the oligomer. The molecular weight of the oligomers obtained was determined by gel permeation chromatography. It reached 1600 g/mol. Lactic acid oligomer of a linear structure was obtained under these conditions. IR spectra of the oligomer of lactic acid indicate the simultaneous process of concentration of the lactic acid solution and polycondensation of lactic acid.
METHODS FOR SYNTHESIS OF POLYETHERIMIDES
Authors: Kurdanova Zhanna I. , Shakhmurzova Kamila T. , Zhansitov Azamat A. , Baykaziev Arthur E. , Teunova Karina Kh. , Khashirova Svetlana Yu.
Published: July 2019

The review summarizes and systematizes the currently known data on the synthesis of polyetherimides. Polyetherimides are a promising class of high-quality polymeric materials with a valua-ble set of properties that can be directed to the appropriate design of the polymer chain. Thus, to obtain polyetherimide with a lower glass transition temperature, as much as possible of ether bonds are introduced into the macromolecule, as well as m-phenylene fragments that increase the flexibility of the polymer chain. Polyetherimides of this structure are amorphous and soluble in a number of amide solvents and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Three main methods for the preparation of polyetherimide are discussed in detail: high-temperature polycondensation by nucleophilic substitution in solution, polycondensation in a melt, and production of polyetherimide directly during extrusion. The most promising method for today is the method of high-temperature polycondensation in solution by the reaction of nucleophilic aromatic substitution. As a halogen-containing monomer, chlorine or fluorophthalic anhydrides are used in the synthesis. The reaction of diamines with chlorophthalic anhydride proceeds at lower rates in comparison with the fluorine-containing analog. However, the use of fluorophthalic anhydride proved to be inexpedient from the economic point of view. The economic availability of the corresponding nitrosubstituted phthalic derivatives and high rates of displacement of nitro groups with the help of aryl oxide ions allow to product the commercially avail-able polymers. As solvents, aprotic dipolar (dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, etc.), nonpolar organic (o-dichlorobenzene, methylene chloride, etc.) and phenolic solvents can be used. However, the increasing attention of researchers is attracted to the synthesis in the environment of o-dichlorobenzene.
Valorisation du patrimoine des soldats acadiens dans le cadre de la commémoration du centenaire de la Première Guerre mondiale
Authors: Kennedy Gregory
Published: July 2019

Les historiens continuent de débattre de la participation supposément faible du Canada français pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. À l’extérieur du Québec, nous relevons un seul exemple d’un bataillon francophone, le 165e Bataillon, ou le bataillon acadien. Cet article porte sur le patrimoine et la mémoire des soldats acadiens dans le cadre de la commémoration du centenaire de la Première Guerre mondiale. En somme, le projet du bataillon acadien constituait une action importante du mouvement collectif nationaliste acadien de l’époque. D’ailleurs, les soldats acadiens ont apporté une contribution importante à la guerre, soit au front ou dans le Corps forestier du Canada. Si l’historiographie acadienne passe sous silence cet aspect du passé, les communautés acadiennes locales gardent la mémoire du service militaire de leurs ancêtres.
Fracture Table vs. Lateral Positioning for Intramedullary Fixation of Femur Fractures (The FLiP Study): A protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Axelrod Daniel , Johal Herman , Madden Kim , Marcano Francesc , Prada Carlos
Published: July 2019

Background: Femoral Shaft fractures are devastating and life threatening injuries. Femoral shaft fractures are most commonly treated with intramedullary fixation. Malrotation of the injured limb after fixation is a common and significant complication following femoral shaft fractures. During the operation, patients can be positioned either supine or in a lateral position. Additionally, patients can be placed on a standard radiolucent operating room table, or placed on a fracture table with traction statically applied to the operative limb throughout the case. Previous case series and cohort studies have shown equivalence between study groups, but choice between positioning options remains controversial. Methods: This represents a protocol for a randomized controlled pilot trial. We will be compared lateral positioning with use of manual traction to supine positioning with use of a fracture table. Primary outcomes will be in assessment for feasibility for a future full scale randomized trial, including evaluating patient recruitment, patient compliance with followup, contamination between treatment arms and others. Results: The primary outcome will be feasibility for a future trial. Secondary outcomes will include malrotation as measured through intraoperative radiographs, postoperative computed tomography scans and gait analysis at 6 months.
Influence of Osteopathic Medical Students’ Personal Health on Attitudes Toward Counseling Obese Pediatric Patients
Authors: Whipps Jonathon , Mort Sophia C. , Beverly Elizabeth A. , Guseman Emily Hill
Published: July 2019

Context

Research has shown that physicians with positive health and lifestyle behaviors have more positive attitudes toward effective counseling, but little is known about how personal health behaviors of medical students influence their attitudes regarding pediatric obesity counseling before entering practice.

Objective

To determine whether the personal health status and habits of osteopathic medical students influence their attitudes toward counseling obese pediatric patients regarding lifestyle behaviors.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was distributed electronically to first- through fourth-year osteopathic medical students. The survey assessed students’ personal lifestyle habits and their top anticipated barriers to providing pediatric weight counseling.

Results

A total of 200 participants completed the survey. National physical activity recommendations were met by 81 participants (40.5%). These 81 participants had significantly more positive attitudes toward pediatric physical activity counseling than participants who did not meet the recommendations (H=−35.06, P=.001) or those who only met resistance training recommendations (H=40.63, P=.021). Participants with obesity had significantly lower pediatric weight management counseling scores than overweight participants (H=40.77, P=.028). Thirty-one participants (15.5%) consumed a healthy amount of both vegetables and fruit. These 31 participants had significantly higher dietary mean item counseling scores than those who did not (H=−30.40, P=.048). Participants identified the barriers “Time” (137 [68.5%]) and “Difficult for patients to change behavior” (99 [49.5%]) most frequently. Clinical participants identified “Poor or lacking reimbursement” (21 [28.0%]) more frequently than preclinical participants (12 [9.6]).

Conclusion

Medical students who exhibited healthier lifestyle habits were more likely to positively view pediatric obesity management counseling.