bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chikitsamanjari - A Unique Encyclopedia of Keraliya Ayurveda
Authors: Vishnu Sreenivas  , T K Sujan
Published: November 2023

Chikitsamanjari has been used traditionally as a handbook for clinical practice by the renowned Ayurveda physicians of Kerala. Chikitsamanjari can be considered as a true representative of the Kerala tradition of Ayurveda and plays a pivotal role in keeping the Kerala tradition of Ayurveda alive. The book can be considered as an abridged version of Brihath trayees, explaining in brief about the major diseases encompassing the six branches of Ayurveda, excluding Rasayana and Vajikarana. Based on internal and external evidences, it can be inferred that the author of the text might be one among the Ashtavaidyas. The first edition of the text was based on two manuscripts obtained from the disciples of two Aryavaidya traditional families in Kerala. A combined version with commentary, by Sri. Sreeman Namboothiri was published by Vidyarambha Publishers, Mullakkal, Alappuzha, in 1990. Chikitsamanjari Part I and II together contain 67 titles, with the first 65 titles describing different diseases and their treatments and the last two titles giving a concise note on Dharavidhi and Manavidhi respectively. Among the Birhat trayees, the book has a greater inclination towards Ashtanga Hridaya. This book contains more than 1000 drugs and formulations, including 164 single drugs. Locally available drugs have been described extensively and are mentioned in their vernacular names. Most of the formulations are simple, cheap, easily available and easy to prepare even at home like Mukkudi and Swarasa kalpana. Newly emerging diseases like Bhaktarodha, Somaroga and Asthisrava and existing conditions of growing prevalence such as Sthaulya, Karshya are explained. Much importance has been given to simple procedures like Dhara, Abhyanga, Pinda sweda and Tapa sweda rather than complex procedures like Vamana, Vasti and Sastra karma. Among Panchakarma, Virechana yogas are elaborately explained and no Yogas for vasti are explained. Urovasti is indicated as a procedure in functional conditions like Arochaka, Bhaktarodha and Chardi. Modifications of Swedana karma like Kshira bashpa, Tavidu kizhi and Tapasweda using Arkapatra and Panasapatra have been mentioned. Even though Chikitsamanjari is an authentic text that describes Kerala Ayurveda, it has got certain demerits and limitations. Truly, Chikitsamanjari is a textbook of Ayurveda, which has considered the nuance of treatment from all the angles of simplicity, availability, efficacy and cost effectiveness.
Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis of Mamajjaka (Enicostemma Littorale Blume)
Authors: Bhawna  , Sumit Nathani  , Padmalochan Naik
Published: November 2023

The phytochemical analysis of plants plays a significant role commercially and has great interest in pharmaceutical companies for the manufacture of the new drugs to treat a variety of disorders. The Medicinal properties of a plant species lies in its phytochemical components that cause definite pharmacological action on the body. In the present study Mamajjaka (Enicostemma littorale Blume) was selected for qualitative phytochemical component analysis. The phytochemical analysis of aqueous and ethanolic extract samples was done to determine the phytochemical components in the plant. These extracts were used for qualitative phytochemical analysis using standard chemical tests. Results show the presence of various bioactive compounds such as carbohydrates, alkaloids, amino acids, protein, saponin, glycosides, phenolic compound, flavonoids, tannin and absence of steroids.
A Clinical Study of Ballitarwadi Gutika in the Management of Manyastambha (Cervical Spondylosis)
Authors: Julee Meena  , Pramod Kumar Mishra
Published: November 2023

Manyastambha symptoms and signs are associated to cervical spondylosis. The disease not only negatively impacts a person's health but also greatly impairs quality of life and daily activities. Neck arthritis, also known as cervical spondylosis, can result from disc and ligament problems, as well as bone spurs. This disease primarily affects persons during their productive years of life, with a male-to-female ratio of 3:1 and an incidence of 0.1-1% in the general population. Without regard to sex, religion, or other factors, a total of 45 individuals with the defining signs and symptoms of Manyastambha were chosen for this research trial (Cervical spondylosis). In the current study Ballitarwadi Gutika in the dose of 500mg thrice in a day with Anupana of like warm water for 45 days. Results showed that pain was reduced by 79.33%, stiffness 57.47% and parasthesia 48.44% which were statistically significant. Statistically very significant results were also found in swelling (64.13%), vertigo (52.38%) and neck muscle strength (52.27%). Restricted neck movements like flexion, extension, rotation and lateral flexion were improved by 50.22%, 51.78%, 51.71% and 52.70% respectively. And overall, 57.25% result was observed during the study.
A Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Effect of Pathyadi Churna and Shunthyadi Kwatha in the Management of Amavata w.s.r to Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Singh Navjot  , Thakur Sunil  , Chaudhary Vijay  , Mishra Anjana
Published: November 2023

Amavata is a Vata and Kapha Pradhana Vyadhi caused due to Viruddha Ahara and Vihara resulting in Mandagni, leading to the formation of Ama. Ama with the influence of Vata Dosha circulates all over the body and gets lodged in Shleshma Sthana in Sandhi Pradesha, resulting in the manifestation of Amavata. This Amavata can be compared with rheumatoid arthritis showing similarities in clinical features. Clinically diagnosed 34 patients of Amavata were selected from OPD & IPD of R.G.G.P.G. Ayurvedic College and Hospital Paprola, Dist. Kangra (H.P.). This article discusses the comparative effect of Pathyadi Churna in Group-A and Shunthyadi Kwatha in group-B having 17 patients in each group, in the treatment of Aamvata, mentioned in Chakradatta. It was observed that group of patients treated with Shunthyadi Kwatha (Group-B) showed better result than those patients treated with Pathyadi Churna (Group-A).
An Observational Study for the Clinical Correlation of Sama-Snayugata Vata (Non-Specific Chronic Synovitis) with the Analysis of the Synovial Fluid
Authors: Balveer Singh  , Jitesh Bansal  , Ashok Kumar  , Narinder Singh  , Sona Goyal  , P. Hemantha Kumar
Published: November 2023

This study delves into the intricate interplay between the Ayurvedic concept of Sama-Snayugata Vata, characterized by the vitiation of Vata dosha affecting the musculoskeletal system, and the analysis of synovial fluid in the context of knee effusion. Synovial fluid, a crucial component within diarthrodial joints, serves to nourish, lubricate, and protect the joint structures. Under normal circumstances, its biochemical composition closely mirrors that of plasma. However, pathological conditions, such as arthritis, can lead to alterations in its constituents, offering insights into underlying joint pathology. Central to this study is the Ayurvedic concept of Shleshmadhara Kala, representing a phase characterized by optimal nourishment and lubrication of bodily tissues, essential for joint health and functionality. The Janu Sandhi, or knee joint, exemplifies this interplay, where the integrity of tendons and ligaments (Snayu) is crucial. Conditions like knee effusion, marked by abnormal synovial fluid accumulation, disrupt this equilibrium, leading to clinical manifestations and impairments. This observational study aims to comprehensively explore the correlation between Shleshmadhara Kala and the Snayu of the Janu Sandhi in the pathogenesis of Sama-Snayugata Vata, particularly in the context of knee effusion. Insights gained from this research will provide a foundation for devising effective therapeutic strategies, with the goal of restoring Vata dosha balance, rejuvenating affected tissues, and ultimately alleviating the manifestations of this condition. This investigation holds promise for enhancing our understanding of non-specific chronic synovitis and refining treatment modalities for improved patient outcomes.
A Comparative Clinical Study to Determine the Efficacy of Bhudhatrayadi Yoga and Metformin in the Management of Madhumeha w.s.r. to Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Thakur Pratibha  , Mishra Anjana  , Chaudhary Vijay
Published: November 2023

Prameha is a chronic disease that is described in all the classics of Ayurveda. Madhumeha is categorised as a subtype of Vataja Prameha. Vata Dosha is mainly vitiated in Madhumeha. The patient passes large quantity of urine which is Kashaya (astringent), Madhura (sweet), Pandu (pale) and Ruksha (dry). Madhumeha is the final stage of all the Prameha when left untreated for long time becomes difficult to treat. In modern medicine signs and symptoms of Madhumeha resembles Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes is a metabolic disease and is characterised by increase in blood glucose levels, deficiency of insulin or resistance to insulin uptake. 40 patients were selected from the IPD and OPD of Kayachikitsa Department of R.G.G.P.G. Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Paprola, Himachal Pradesh. 20 patients were managed with Bhudhatrayadi Yoga and 20 patients were managed with Tablet Metformin. Bhudhatrayadi Yoga showed moderate improvement in subjective parameters of Madhumeha in the study.
Efficacy of Rasaushadhis in Shalakya Tantra
Authors: P. Ramya Kumari  , Ch. Ramadevi  , K. Anasuya
Published: November 2023

Shalakya tantra also called as Uttamanga as it deals with vital sense organs located above the Jatru (clavicle). In Ayurvedic system of medicine Rasa shastra is one of the branch deals with Rasa aushadis preparations which are very much useful and effective, various special processing techniques such as Sodhana, Marana etc have been done for removing the toxic effects and utilising them for therapeutic purpose. Some of the Kriyakalpa procedures which are prepared with Rasa aushadhi are like Anjana (Samudraphena varti, Sukhavathi varti), Bidalaka (Gairikadi bidalaka, Manashiladi bidalaka) etc and oral medication include Saptamruta lauha, Shirashoolavajra ras, Sutasekar ras, Laxmivilas ras, Kaphaketu ras etc are indicated. Rasa aushadis are gently absorbable and digestible thus provide quick action and potent response in various Urdhavajatrugata vikaras. Rasa Aushadis act as Rasayana therapy helps to attain longevity, immunity, sharpness of sense organs etc.
Guna Vikalpa Samprapti of Jwar and its Treatment Principle
Authors: Manaswi Surolia  , Sudipta Rath  , Abhijeet Kumbhar
Published: November 2023

This review article explores the central role of "Guna" in the three foundational aspects of Ayurvedic practice: "Hetu" (causes), "Linga" (symptoms), and "Aushadh" (medications). A deep understanding of the Guna's role in Hetu is crucial as it serves as the cornerstone for a comprehensive comprehension of symptomatology, referred to as "Lakshana." Analyzing the Guna attributes associated with symptoms enables informed decision-making in the selection of medications with specific properties that effectively target the Guna involved in both Hetu and Lakshana.

To ensure the accurate choice of Aushadha, an in-depth grasp of Hetu and Linga is of paramount importance. Neglecting the analysis of Guna attributes during the Hetu and Linga stages can result in the erroneous selection of substances or "Dravya." Thus, a thorough examination of the inherent qualities (Guna) within all these criteria is essential to guarantee the efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment. In essence, Guna acts as the binding thread that interconnects these three fundamental components of Ayurvedic practice, guiding practitioners in making informed and effective therapeutic decisions. This article underscores the significance of Guna in the practice of Ayurveda and its pivotal role in ensuring the holistic well-being of individuals.
A Classical Review on Pharmaceutical and Analytical Study of Abhrak Bhasma
Authors: Mali Ramavtar  , Dongre Sushma
Published: November 2023

Abhrak bhasma is an important traditional preparation which possesses higher therapeutic value and is widely prescribed for skin disorders, respiratory ailments and other chronic conditions. In order to ensure the quality of Abhrak Bhasma, needs a critical study of its pharmaceutical aspects such as quality of raw Abhraka, Shodhan process, Dhanyabhrak Nirman and Maran of Abhraka as well as Abhrak Bhasma tested on the basis of organoleptic characteristics and classical Bhasma pariksha. Hence the present study reviewed classical literature on Abhrak Bhasma. Aim and Objectives: To review classical literature on Pharmaceutical study of Abhrak Bhasma with the objective to evaluate pharmaceutical aspects of Abhrak Bhasma critically on various factors such as Shodhana process, Marana process, temperature pattern, no. of Putas etc. Methods and Materials: All the classical literature in Rasagrantha, Samgraha Grantha, textbooks of Ayurveda and Rasashastra regarding pharmaceutical and analytical studies of Abhrak Bhasma. Observation and Result: The classical literature revealed that the pharmaceutical studies of Abhrak Bhasma like Shodhana, Dhanyabhraka, and Marana were done with specific guidelines in order to obtain the quality of Bhasma. Most of the literature followed Triphala Kwatha as a Shodhana media and Kanji for Dhanyabhraka process. The range of Puta Pramana observed was from 3 to 100 to ensure the quality of Bhasma. Abhrak Bhasma tested on the basis of organoleptic characteristics and classical Bhasma pariksha. Conclusion: In this review, the classical guidelines of pharmaceutical study of Abhraka Shodhana, Dhanyabhraka, and Marana were followed which set some important features in terms of temperature pattern, number of Puta etc. Further repeated studies on Abhrak Bhasma will help to establish standard operating procedure of it as well as fix its analytical parameters.
Important Role of Herbal Extracts in the Management of Breast Cancer
Authors: Shiv Kumar  , Avneet Gupta  , Vinod Kumar Gauttam  , Karan Sharma  , Amar Deepak  , Rohit Thakur
Published: November 2023

Cancer recognized as a serious disorder among population worldwide. Breast cancer has been found common in women. Breast cancer diagnosed patients increasing with passage of time, which bringing the attention of researcher to give more potential strategies to irradiate this ailment from the society. Natural remedies from medicinal plants are well acknowledged from primitive time of decade. Modern and advanced analytical tools successfully overcome the burden of this disease by incorporating raw formulations into suitable dosage forms and their efficacy can be determined through experimental and clinical studies. There are numerous medicinal plants present having pharmacological potential to decreases the breast cancer cell viability by involving various mechanisms and significantly overcome the global burden of this disorder. Our presented study motivated from the burden of breast cancer among people and its treatment from natural sources. However, it is much needed to understand etiology of the disease and its associated causes. We also demonstrated the treatment strategies originated from natural sources that conquer the spectrum of this disorder. There are numerous types of natural products that has preventive and curative role in the management of breast cancer. So, accurate method and terminology required to elevating the demand of health care system from natural sources can overcome breast cancer.
Pharmaceutical and Analytical Study on Aranaladi Taila
Authors: Neethu P  , Rekhasree Pillai  , Sanila V.K  , Leena K.C
Published: November 2023

Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana is the branch of Ayurveda which deals with the preparation of herbal (Kashtoushadhis), mineral (Rasoushadhis) and herbomineral preparations. Bhaishajya Kalpana is a specialized branch which deals with the identification, collection, processing compounding and dispensing of Ayurvedic formulations. It comprises various dosage forms. Sneha Kalpana is a variant of Oushada Kalpana in which Sneha paka is performed using prescribed Kalka dravya and Drava dravya It includes Ghrita Kalpana and Taila Kalpana, among them Taila Kalpana is an important dosage form widely used in Ayurvedic industry. Aranaladi taila is an effective oil preparation mentioned in Sahasrayoga Taila prakarana, which contains Kanji, Tila taila and Sarjarasa. The term Aranala represents Kanji, which is the fermented form of rice water. By this process absorption of therapeutic active principles of the ingredients are ensured. In this formulation Kanji is the Dravadravya, Sarjarasa is the Kalka and Tilataila is the Sneha dravya. Aranaladi taila is indicated in Vatarakta associated with Jwara, Daha and Vedana. In the present study, an attempt was made to validate the pharmaceutical preparation of Aranaladi taila. The current study included a detailed pharmaceutical process and physico-chemical evaluation of Aranaladi taila. The physicochemical parameters included are Refractive index- 1.474, Acid value- 4.4, Iodine value- 97.4, Saponification value- 179.5 and Loss on drying- 0.40%w/w. HPTLC analysis revealed the variable number of spots, however, due to the absence of a standard marker compound the chemical constituent could not be identified.
Beeja Chatushtaya - A Special Unique Contribution of Sushruta Samhita
Authors: Priyanka Kumari  , Rohit Ranjan  , Vijay Shankar Pandey
Published: November 2023

Beeja Chatushtaya or Chikitsa Chatustaya is an important unique methodology explained by Acharya Sushruta. It is the fundamental principle that establishes the foundation for the Sushruta Samhita. On the basis of this principle, the whole Shusruta Samhita has been developed. Beeja Chatushtaya includes Purusha (individual person), Vyadhi (diseases), Aushadha (medicine) and Kriyakaal (time of administration of treatment). Purusha is believed to be the combination of Panchamahabhuta and Atma. Karma Purusha provides Adhishtana and Ashraya for Vyadhi and Chikitsa. Every type of Shareerika, Manasika, and Agantuja Vedana are included in the Roga, Dukkha, or Vedana. Dukkha Nivrutti can be obtained through administration certain drugs and other procedures are used to implement certain Kriya or Chikitsa principles. In Beeja Chatushtaya Kriya, Swasthanuvartana chikitsa, Snehanadi karma, and Shastradi karma are all mentioned. Snehapana in Prabhatakaal, Swedana jeernaanna Kaal, Vamana in Purvahna, Virechana in Prataha Kaal, Asthapana in Madhyahna Kaal, and Anuvasana in Sayankaal (Pradosha Kaal after meal) are examples of Kaal. Kaal also refers to Avasthika Kaal, such as Langhana in Jwara's samavastha and Ghritapana in Jeerna jwara avastha. In this article, an attempt has been made to analyse the various measures and concepts of Beeja Chatushtaya described in a dispersed manner in Sushruta Samhita, which are collected, compiled and discussed.
Evidence Based Review of Scope of Panchkarma in Children
Authors: Deepshikha Rai  , Girraj Prasad Garg
Published: November 2023

Panchkarma is a therapeutic process of Ayurveda wherein the vitiated Doshas are expelled out of the patient’s body, leading to detoxification of the body. It is also useful in diseases of children like cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, rhinitis, etc. Materials: Available research literature in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, DHARA and Ayush Research Portal was searched extensively for the Panchkarma in children. Journals published online in last 20 years were considered. Ayurveda classical texts were also referred. Observations: Panchkarma therapies like Abhyanga, Shashti shali pinda sweda and Basti have significant results in Spastic Cerebral Palsy. Bell`s palsy can be treated with Shiro-abhyang, Nasya and Pata sveda. Disorders like DMD, AS, ADHD and constipation are shown to be managed well with Panchkarma procedures. Conclusion: Panchkarma procedures are very effective in diseases of children like cerebral palsy, Bells’s palsy, muscular dystrophy, autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and constipation. Thus, it needs to be widely publicized for use in children along with oral medications for maximum benefits.
Concept of Phana Marma in Ayurveda and its Relation with Olfaction
Authors: Sukhada Kulkarni
Published: November 2023

Marma concept is peculiarity of Ayurveda. These are described as vital points of body featuring articulation of Mansa-Sira-Snayu-Asthi-Sandhi and are associated with severe disability when traumatised. Phana Marma is one of the Urdhwa Jatrugata Marma. According to description from available literature, position of Phana Marma is confined to olfactory epithelium along with olfactory fascicle leading to olfactory bulb present over upper 1/3rd of nasal cavity. Lesion of this region leads to olfactory dysfunction, which is very difficult to treat. Any lesion of epithelium of nasal cavity including respiratory epithelium over lower 2/3rd even leads to olfactory dysfunction. So one should consider this concept of Phana Marma during treatment of any nasal lesion.
An automated approach for the kidney segmentation and detection of kidney stones on computed tomography using YOLO algorithms
Authors: Rabby Salman , Hossain Farhad , Das Shuvro , Rahman Imdadur , Das Srejon , Soeb Janibul , Jubaye Md. Fahad
Published: November 2023

Background: For effective diagnosis and treatment planning, accurate segmentation of the kidneys and detection of kidney stones are crucial. Traditional procedures are time-consuming and subject to observer variation. This study proposes an automated method employing YOLO algorithms for renal segmentation and kidney stone detection on CT scans to address these issues.

Methods: The dataset used in this study was sourced from the GitHub. The dataset contains a total of 1799 images, with 790 images labeled as 'containing kidney stones' and 1009 images labeled as 'not containing kidney stones'. U-Net architecture was utilized to precisely identify the region of interest, while YOLOv5 and YOLOv7 architecture was utilized to detect the stones. In addition, a performance comparison between the two YOLO models and other contemporary relevant models has been conducted.

Results: We obtained a kidney segmentation IOU of 91.4% and kidney stone detection accuracies of 99.5% for YOLOv7 and 98.7% for YOLOv5. YOLOv5 and YOLOv7 outperform the best existing models, including CNN, KNN, SVM, Kronecker CNN, Xresnet50, VGG16, etc. YOLOv7 possesses superior accuracy than YOLOv5. The only issue we encountered with the YOLOv7 model was that it demanded more training time than the YOLOv5 model.

Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the proposed AI-based method has the potential to improve clinical procedures, allowing radiologists and urologists to make well-informed decisions for patients with renal pathologies. As medical imaging technology progresses, the incorporation of deep learning techniques such as YOLO holds promise for additional advances in automated diagnosis and treatment planning.
Normal and disease-associated levels of specific IgG against food antigens
Authors: Patrakeeva VP , Schtaborov VA , Alesich RS
Published: November 2023

Tolerance to food antigens is essential for body’s sustainable development under constant antigenic load. Specific IgG against food antigens have been extensively studied in the literature over the recent years. The presence of those associated with various disorders and introduction of elimination diets for certain food products result in good treatment outcomes related not only to the gastrointestinal tract. Investigation of the impact of the long-term IgG-mediated hypersensitivity to food antigens associated with the increased blood-brain barrier permeability is also relevant when studying pathogenesis of the central nervous system disorders. However, identification of specific IgG in the generally healthy people having no history of allergy or inflammation currently provides no clear understanding of their nature and functional significance. Specific IgG are of great interest in terms of predicting the development of functional disorders, remission and treatment of disorders, changes in susceptibility to food antigens at certain age. The results of specific IgG studies are equivocal, which confirms the need to study their structure, epitopes capable of activating autoimmune processes considering the combined effects of medication, environmental conditions and social living conditions. The paper provides the analysis of the currently available research focused on studying specific IgG against food antigens. The data on identification of specific IgG in individuals with various disorders are provided, as well as the gender-related and age-related differences in antibody detection, the relationship between the antibody levels and the rate of food product consumption.
Influence of Yellow Card Campaigns on Knowledge , Attitude and Practices of Selected Social Media Subscribers in Ondo State
Authors:   Department of Mass Communication Faculty of Social Sciences, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State., Adinlewa Toyin , Ogunyooye Damilola Ayobami ,   Stanbic IBTC Walter carrion, Lagos
Published: November 2023

This study utilises a survey approach to explore the impact of yellow card campaigns on the awareness, attitudes, and practises of selected social media users in Ondo State. The theoretical framework is grounded in agenda setting and technological determin ism theories. A survey method employing a questionnaire was employed, targeting 392 subscribers of Ondo's First Lady, Betty Anyanwu Akeredolu, across Facebook and Twitter. Through statistical analysis, the results reveal the Yellow Card Campaign's success in creating extensive awareness among social media users, with 70% actively engaging with campaign materials on Betty's social media platforms. The campaign's efficacy in promoting a proactive stance against sex and gender based violence (SGBV) is acknowle dged by 58% of respondents, highlighting its effectiveness in conveying the core message. However, the study unveils a concerning reality, as 33.3% of respondents admit to experiencing sexual violations, underscoring a prevalent issue of SGBV in Ondo State . Notably, more than three quarters (77.3%) of those who reported being sexually violated chose to report the incidents to a nearby police station. Some victims hesitate to report incidents due to stigmatisation and fear, underscoring the imperative for ro bust support systems. The findings indicate a significant link between the initiation of the Yellow Card campaign and an increased likelihood of individuals reporting instances of sexual violation. In conclusion, the study posits that soci al media has play ed a pivotal role in the success of the Yellow Card Campaign against SGBV in Ondo State. The strategic utilization of social media as a primary tool for awareness creation, coupled with offline efforts, has proven highly effective.
Budaya Malu Sebagai Fakta Sosial Pemberantasan Korupsi di Indonesia
Authors: Widiyanti Syifa Najla , Salim Kamaruddin
Published: November 2023

The culture of shame as a social fact in eradicating corruption in Indonesia. The culture of shame is able to prevent individuals and community groups from corrupt practices. Emile Durkheim's social facts describe that shame can prevent individuals from committing social deviance. This study used a qualitative method by conducting a literature review through journals, books, related publications and news articles which were then examined from the perspective of Emile Durkheim's social fact theory. The results of this study, a culture of shame is a solution to eradicating corruption. The government should make a new policy related to eradicating corruption. First, replace the term corruptor with the word thief or robber; secondly, corruptors are required to work without pay in the border areas that have been determined by the government as a substitute for imprisonment; third, violation of access of corruptors from all forms of public services, for example banking arrangements, passports, insurance, bank guarantees etc.; fourth, every candidate for public leader, is committed to anti-corruption by agreeing to a stamped agreement. If you commit a criminal act of corruption, you must return your salary while serving as an official or leader of a government agency.

Budaya malu sebagai fakta sosial dalam pemberantasan korupsi di Indonesia. Budaya malu mampu menghindari individu maupun kelompok masyarakat dari praktik korupsi. Fakta sosial Emile Durkheim menggambarkan rasa malu dapat menghindari individu untuk melakukan penyimpangan sosial. Penelitian   ini, menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan studi pustaka melalui jurnal, buku, publikasi lembaga terkait dan artikel berita yang kemudian dikaji dalam perspektif teori fakta sosial Emile Durkheim. Hasil dari penelitian ini, budaya malu menjadi solusi pemberantasan korupsi. Pemerintah seharusnya membuat kebijakan baru terkait pemberantasan korupsi. Pertama, menggantikan istilah koruptor dengan kata maling atau garong; kedua, pelaku korupsi diwajibkan bekerja tanpa upah di wilayah perbatasan yang telah ditentukan oleh pemerintah sebagai pengganti hukuman penjara; ketiga, pembatasan akses pelaku korupsi dari segala bentuk pelayanan publik, misalnya pengurusan perbankan, paspor, asuransi, pinjaman bank dll; keempat, setiap calon pemimpin publik, berkomitmen terhadap anti rasuah dengan menandatangani surat perjanjian bermaterai. Apabila melakukan tindak pidana korupsi, maka harus mengembalikan gaji selama menjadi pejabat atau pemimpin suatu institusi pemerintah.
Evaluation of the effect of pesticides on the biological traits of Chironomus columbiensis
Authors:   , Campaz Milton Leoncio Montaño
Published: November 2023

The use of pesticides such as pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and diamides in agriculture has generated a substantial change in agricultural production, but they have also generated great environmental damage, with direct and indirect effects on a wide variety of non-target organisms. These chemical compounds trigger a series of response mechanisms in organisms, which can occur at the physiological, reproductive, morphological, behavioral and genomic levels. For this reason, the objective of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of pesticides on biological traits of Chironomus columbiensis under controlled laboratory conditions, and also to evaluate biorational tools that cause less toxicological risks in the environment. To develop these objectives, four assays were carried out to evaluate the individual response mechanisms and processes that occur mainly at the physiological, reproductive and morphological levels. The first experiment (Chapter II) presents results on how sublethal exposure of immature C. columbiensis to deltamethrin intra- and transgenerationally altered reproduction and wing shape. In addition, it was evaluated whether the populations after exposure to the insecticide could show a recovery of reproduction (increase in the number of eggs per spawning) and wing shape after the elimination of deltamethrin in one or two generations. The second experiment (Chapter III) demonstrates sex-dependent changes (emergence, weight, reproduction and shape) in the adaptive responses of Chironomus columbiensis to acute and chronic sublethal exposures to imidacloprid. The third experiment (Chapter IV) we demonstrate sex-dependent changes (emergence, time to reach the adult stage, body mass, reproduction) and variations in egg and wing shape in responses of Chironomus columbiensis to sublethal exposures to chlorantraniliprole and its combination with imidacliprid. The fourth study (Chapter V) presents the results of the Chemical composition of essential oils of Siparuna guianensis and Siparuna gesnerioides and its effect on the Aedes aegypti and its predator. This work contains exclusively laboratory data, which evidences the responses of the non-target insect C. columbiensis to pesticide stressors such as deltamethrin, imidacloprid and chlorantraniliprole. The understanding the response mechanisms that occur at the individual and population level (e.g., physiology, reproduction, and morphology) is key to the population dynamics of thesenon-target aquatic insects. Our evidence highlights the need to adopt appropriate management strategies to mitigate the unwanted effects of synthetic insecticides on non-target insects.
Como a pressão de predação modula a herbivoria em florestas tropicais úmidas?
Authors:   , Baía Ruth de Andrade
Published: November 2023

Os ataques de herbívoros podem estar diretamente ligados ao estágio de desenvolvimento das plantas. Diferentes fatores como controle topo-base, defesas químicas, físicas e biológicas afetam padrões de herbivoria em função do estágio de desenvolvimento das plantas. Sabe-se que na espécie Siparuna guianensis, na Floresta Atlântica, e na espécie Betula pubescens, na Finlândia, houve maior herbivoria em plantas jovens do que em árvores adultas, devido a uma maior pressão de predação sobre herbívoros nas adultas; contudo, ainda não se sabe se esse padrão se mantém para a comunidade vegetal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de investigar se a herbivoria é maior em plantas jovens do que em árvores adultas de uma comunidade vegetal de Floresta Atlântica. Testamos as seguintes hipóteses explicativas: (i) há maior defesa física nas árvores adultas do que em plantas jovens e (ii) ocorre uma maior pressão de predação sobre herbívoros por inimigos naturais nas árvores adultas do que em plantas jovens. Para isso, calculamos a incidência de herbivoria em plantas jovens e adultas. Também calculamos a área foliar específica (SLA) para medir os níveis de defesa física das plantas. Utilizamos também lagartas feitas com massinha de modelar para comparar a pressão de predação entre plantas jovens e adultas. Por fim, utilizamos um guarda-chuva entomológico e fitas adesivas (yellow trap) para identificar se há uma maior quantidade de inimigos naturais em árvores adultas. A intensidade de herbivoria e o SLA foram maiores em plantas jovens. Houve uma maior pressão de predação sobre herbívoros por artrópodes nas árvores adultas, apesar de termos encontrado uma maior abundância de inimigos naturais em plantas jovens. Concluímos que o controle topo-base é um dos fatores determinantes de uma maior herbivoria em plantas jovens.
Study of model emulsion (O/W) stabilized by vegetable proteins and possible applications in vegetable beverages
Authors:   , Lima Raquel Reis
Published: November 2023

Study of model emulsion (O/W) stabilized by vegetable proteins and possible applications in vegetable beverages. Advisor: Antônio Fernandes de Carvalho. Co-advisors: Rodrigo Stephani and Ítalo Tuler Perrone. Interest in switching diets to plant-based products instead of animal-based foods is high among people who seek quality of life, maintain healthy habits and are committed to sustainable diets and reducing pollution, land use and water consumption. The growing demand for plant-based products is changing the way global industry produces food. Modern consumers are increasingly interested in the ingredients that manufacturers use in their food. Food manufacturers are therefore trying to remove ingredients that consumers find problematic or are unfamiliar with from the ingredient list and replace them with simple and familiar ingredients. Plant-based beverages are one of the products that have entered the market to meet consumer demand for plant-based alternatives in their daily diet. From a physicochemical point of view, plant-based beverages are defined as water-in-oil emulsions, consisting essentially of water, oil and vegetable protein. In order to formulate vegetable beverages and understand their behaviour, it is necessary to know separately the behaviour of oils and proteins used in beverage formulations beforehand. The aim of this work is to investigate models of oil-in-water emulsions, focusing on emulsions stabilised by different vegetable protein sources and emulsions prepared with oils whose composition is predominantly medium-chain triacylglycerol. Keywords: Modification of plant-based protein. Food emulsion. Pea protein. Lentil protein. Fava bean protein. Coconut oil.
Termite-termite heterospeciﬁc cohabitation mediated by vibratory cues
Authors:   , Ferreira Dinamarta Virginio
Published: November 2023

Distinct organisms can live together in intimate associations, called symbiosis. These heterospeciﬁc associations cover the entire spectrum, from parasitism to mutualism. Termite-termite heterospeciﬁc cohabitation is an interesting case of symbiosis. Several questions are raised to understand how hosts and inquilines remain living together sharing the same nest. For example, what are the main forces behind this phenomenon? In this context, we focused on two mechanisms: the ability to perceive and distinguish, as well as the process of becoming habituated to vibrations from heterospeciﬁc cohabitants. Here, we provide evidence that vibrations emitted by termites are an important communication channel used to perceive heterospeciﬁc vibrations. We found that cohabitation is shaped by a combination of inquiline and host behavioural characteristics. The ability to become habituated to heterospeciﬁc vibrations is a strong indication that both cohabitants do not perceive each other’s vibrations as a threat. Furthermore, the host species does not seek the source of vibration to ﬁnd the invader, allowing the maintenance of cohabitation. On the other hand, the inquilines can exhibit more distance travelled, independent of presence of vibrations, which would facilitate evasion when meeting the host. We show that the mechanisms linked to vibratory perception and habituation and a set of behavioural adaptations from the host and inquiline termites can facilitate cohabitation. Keywords: Termites. Cohabitation. Substrate-borne vibration. Habituation.
A glândula metapleural de formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) com diferentes estilos de vida: morfologia e volatilômica
Authors:   , Alves Elane Borba
Published: November 2023

As formigas possuem elevada riqueza de espécies, ocupando níveis tróficos diversos, além de possuírem múltiplas interações com outros organismos e comportamento eusocial. Estudos comparados da morfologia interna das subfamílias de formigas contribuem para a compreensão de sua filogenia e evolução. As formigas possuem uma gama de glândulas exócrinas, as quais produzem e armazenam secreções e as colocam para fora do corpo de forma controlada, dentre elas, as glândulas metapleurais são exclusivas destes insetos, sendo considerada uma sinapomorfia de Formicidae. Assim, o conhecimento da morfologia da glândula metapleural nas espécies de formigas é fundamental para compreensão da origem da eusocialiedade destes insetos. O presente estudo comparou a morfologia e volatilômica das glândulas metapleurais de Paraponera clavata (Paraponerinae), Pachycondyla crassinoda (Ponerinae) e Atta sexdens (Myrmicinae) que possuem diferentes estilos de vida, contribuindo para a compreensão de aspectos evolutivos e comportamentais das formigas. As glândulas metapleurais foram analisadas com microscopia de luz e cromatografia de fase gasosa acoplada com espectrometria de massas. Os resultados revelaram que a anatomia das glândulas metapleurais de P. clavata e P. crassinoda possuem poucas diferenças em relação ao tamanho, forma, coloração, além de apresentarem uma diferença em relação ao orifício da abertura da glândula. A histologia e histoquímica das glândulas metapleurais das três espécies são semelhantes ao encontrado em outras espécies de formigas. Os resultados mostram que o número de células e o tamanho do reservatório são maiores na espécie arborícola, P. clavata, e menor em P. crassinoda e A. sexdens com hábitos terrestres. Apesar de A. sexdens possuir menores número de células, área celular e reservatório, a glândula apresenta alta taxa de atividade metabólica, enquanto P. crassinoda possui um número de células maior que A. sexdens, e apresenta menor atividade metabólica, mas possui a mesma capacidade de secreção de substâncias. Provavelmente o tamanho da glândula e atividade metabólica P. clavata, P. crassinoda e A. sexdens está associada à sua interação com microrganismos patogênicos. Os compostos químicos identificados nas glândulas metapleurais de P. clavata e P. crassinoda indicam sua natureza antimicrobiana, além de demostrar que as duas espécies possuem químicos semelhantes. Alguns compostos identificados neste estudo são o primeiro registro para as formigas, ou para os insetos, tais como Dodecane, n-Docosanol, Heptadecano 9-hexil- , Tetracosano 11-decil- e Decano. Em conclusão, os aspectos morfológicos possuem algumas diferenças, demostrando que o estilo de vida destes indivíduos são provavelmente o fator decisivo, além de demostrar a semelhança química em P. clavata e P. crassinoda. Palavras-chave: Células. Compostos químicos. Morfometria. Atividade Antimicrobiana.
Gendered 'leaky Pipelines' In Higher Education: Towards A Supervision Framework For Breaking Through The Glass Ceiling
Authors:   University of Johannesburg, Msimango S , Motala S ,   University of Johannesburg
Published: November 2023

Higher education in South Africa and internationally is characterised by structural and systemic gender disparities. This is shown in the ‘leaky pipeline’ in doctoral success and leadership roles, with females underrepresented in doctoral studies, doctoral graduation rates and senior positions. Studies in South Africa show that between 2013 and 2021, more doctorates were awarded to males than females and that there are more males in leadership positions in higher education. A counterargument often presented is that more women than men are graduating at the undergraduate level. This is a significant stride for women’s empowerment. This article argues that institutions’ structural gender disparities put women at a disadvantage and that current policies are not leading to equal proportions of men and women in leadership positions. The article considers the dominant Eurocentric and masculinist supervision model which perpetuates the ‘leaky pipeline’. Alongside empowerment theory, a feminist pedagogical perspective underpins the article which proposes a supervision framework that can address the present structural gender disparities and facilitate female doctoral success and access to leadership positions.
PENGARUH WAKTU BELAJAR DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Nursalma Alya , Pujiastuti Heni
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah waktu belajar dan motivasi belajar mempengaruhi hasil belajar matematika dengan hipotesis penelitian, yaitu (1) waktu belajar berpengaruh secara signifikan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar matematika, (2) motivasi belajar berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar matematika, dan (3) waktu belajar dan motivasi belajar secara bersamaan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar matematika. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei dengan angket sebagai instrumennya dengan Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda yang meliputi statistika deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, regresi linier berganda, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa waktu belajar tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar, motivasi belajar berpengaruh secara signikan terhadap hasil belajar, dan waktu belajar dan motivasi belajar berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar.
Edukasi tentang Peningkatan Nutrisi dan Pencegahan Penyakit Cacingan Pada Anak
Authors: Fauzi Resa Nabila , Delima Dinda Arum , Serlita Jenni , Aulia Intan , Metom Stefani Joise Merinda , Pranata Lilik
Published: November 2023

Anak merupakan individu yang berada dalam satu rentang perubahan perkembangan yang dimulai dari bayi hingga remaja. Dalam proses berkembang anak memiliki ciri fisik, kognitif, konsep diri, pola koping dan perilaku sosial. Anak sangat rentan terhadap risiko terjadinya penyakit seperti cacingan dan kurangnya nutrisi, maka anak yang sehat adalah yang nutrisi tercukupi dan tidak mudah terserang penyakit seperti cacingan.  Maka perlua adanya edukasi dan peningkatan pengetahuan anak tetang nutris dan cacingan Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk mengedukasi anak mengenai bagaimana cara meningkatkan nutrisi serta pencegahan penyakit cacingan dan  diharapkan kegiatan ini bermanfaat bermanfaat bagi anak anak yang sedang dalam masa pertumbuhan dan banyak keingintahuan, banyak petualang dan cenderung berani tanpa memikirkan resiko terhadap diri sendiri dan kesehatan. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 115 Palembang. Setelah penentuan lokasi kegiatan, dilakukan penjajagan kesediaan pelaksanaan kegiatan dengan pengiriman surat permohonan pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang ditujukan kepada Kepala Sekolah. Berdasarkan surat tersebut, Kepala Sekolah memberikan ijin untuk pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di sekolah tersebut pada tanggal 13 Mei 2023. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada Masayarakat edukasi tentang peningkatan nutrisi dan pencegahan penyakit cacingan pada anak telah dilaksanakan pada hari Sabtu, 13 Mei 2023 Pukul 08.00 s.d 10.00 WIB. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 117 orang siswa kelas 6. Hasil kegiatan diharapkan meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa tentang nutrisi dan pencegahan risiko penyakit cacingan.
Pendampingan Pengajuan STR (Surat tanda Register) Seumur Hidup pada Nakes pasca terbitnya Undang-Undang No. 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan
Authors: Pranata Lilik , Surani Vincencius , Suryani Ketut , Dwi Hardika Bangun , Elisabeth Daeli Novita
Published: November 2023

Tenaga kesehatan (Nakes) baik keperawatan, kebidanan dan Teknologi Laboratorium Medik , yang telah menyelesaikan kuliah sebelum masuk pada dunia kerja wajib memiliki STR (surat tanda register) yang di keluarkan Oleh KTKI. Hal ini sesuai dengan amanah undang-undang, saat ini dengan adanya Undang-undang No 17 tahun 2023 tentang kesehatan STR berlaku seumur hidup. Pengajuan dapat dilakukan pada palikasi KTKI dan Satu sehat. Adanya ketentuan baru berlakunya UU No 17 tahun 2023 tentang kesehatan, maka perlunya adanya pendampingan pada Nakes dalam mengajukan STR, guna mempermudah dalam penganjuan dalam memenuhi syarat sebagai berkas melamar kerja dan sesuai ketentuan perundangan. Tujuan kegiatan Pengabdian untuk membantu Nakes Mengajukan STR dan tidak terkendala. Metode kegiatan pengabdian dengan melakukan Edukasi kepada peserta PkM tentang STR dan proses pengajuanya, kemudian setelah memahaminya dilanjutkan dengan simulasi kepada peserta dan dilajutkan peserta untuk melakukan secara mendiri dan tetap di dampingi, setelah itu dilakukan evaluasi kegiatan dan evaluasi sejauh mana pengajuan yang di lakukan samapai dengan selesai apakah ada kendala. Peserta Kegiatan adalah Nakes Perawat, Bidan dan Teknologi Laboratorium Medik yang baru lulus atau baru tamat Kuliah dan dinyatakan lulus UKOM, berjumlah 20 Orang. kegiatan dilakukan pendapingan dimulai edukasi dan evaluasi selama 1 bulan tanggal  14 Oktober -14 November 2023  dilakukan di Universitas Swasta Fakultas Kesehatan di Kota Palembang. Adapun syarat pengajuan peserta telah lengkap sesuai syarat dari KTKI. Hasil kegiatan menunjukan bahwa dari 20 peserta yang mengajukan STR, berjumlah 20 orang (100%) STR telah terbit sesuai dengan jadwal dan ketentuan dari KTKI. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan pendampingan yang dilakukan berhasil dan saran kedepanya untuk dilakukan pendampingan rutin setiap ada lulusan baru untuk mengurus Penganjuan STR seumur hidup