bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Cuticles of (?) Thylacocephalan Arthropod from the Basal Choteč Event (Choteč Formation, Eifelian; Barrandian Area, Czech Republic)
Authors: Mergl Michal
Published: January 2021

Small fragments of phosphatic cuticle have been observed in dark limestone of the early Eifelian age (Choteč Formation) in the interval of the Basal Choteč Event. The cuticle is two-layered, primarily folded, with a chamber between outer and inner walls. Fragments likely represent small cuticle pieces from the margins of the carapace. The exterior of the cuticle is nearly smooth bearing irregular network of wrinkled polygons or shallow pits. Low conical mound-like to high thorn-like spines with annular structure extend from both outer and inner surface of cuticle. Wrinkled and folded bases of these spines indicate moderate flexibility of cuticle. Spines are hollow, the higher ones often with apical opening. The inner surface of carapace carries smaller spines or is nearly smooth. Chamber walls inside the cara-pace are with folds and other structures supporting stiffness of the cuticle. The internal walls of the cuticle are covered by polygonal bumps. These uniformly sized and shaped bumps are about 1 μm sized and likely represents imprints of the epithelial cells adjoined to the basal membranous layer of endocuticle.

Biological affinity of cuticle fragments is unclear. They surely represent pieces of the arthropod cara-pace, the most probably a thylacocephalan. Associated fossils indicate a deeper marine environment. Bloom of prasinophytes, abundance of dacryoconarids and organophosphatic brachiopods, and striking rarity and diminutive size of other fauna indicate eutrophic conditions in a neritic sea, likely with hypoxic bottom water. Nectonic mode of life in open sea can be suggested for an animal bearing this cuticle.
The Story of a Street – (mis)tackling social exclusion in public policy
Authors: Grosse Tereza , Brnula Peter , Laštovková Jitka , Vašat Jan , Petrů Alexandra
Published: January 2021

Spatial exclusion as a result of social exclusion is a complex problem that hinders the development of territories and undermines social cohesion in society. These are issues that need to be addressed at a local level through cooperation between the various influential bodies (public administration, politicians, citizens, social workers, the media among others). This article examines social exclusion based on an internationally recognised case that occurred in the Czech Republic 10 years after the 1989 democratic revolution. The starting point for this article is 1999, when a chain of decisions made by public administration resulted in the emerging spatial segregation in Matiční Street in the region′s capital Ústí nad Labem. The article is based on semi-structured oral history interviews with social participants. It identifies barriers for the successful resolution of issues at that time on the basis of the Pierson theory of social exclusion (2010) as the insufficient use of local participation and networks and their abuse for political and media purposes. Using the lens of social actors, it is looking for important milestones and lessons learned for the future development in public policies.
An Action Research Enquiry into the potential of SolidWorks in the teaching of rotation in Junior Certificate Technical Graphics
Authors: McLoughlin Kevin , Farren Margaret
Published: January 2021

Technical Graphics is one of the technology subjects taught at Junior Certificate level in post- primary schools in Ireland. The Junior Certificate examination is held at the end of the Junior Cycle in post-primary schools, which caters for students aged from 12 to 15 years. As a teacher of Technical Graphics for the past seven years, I have gained a great understanding and insight into the different topics in the subject and how they are perceived by students. I concur with the State Examinations Commission report (2008) that students lack an understanding of the rotation element of transformation geometry, one of the six topics covered on the Junior Cycle Technical Graphics course. The purpose of this study is to implement a new teaching methodology through the use of SolidWorks in an effort to improve the students’ visualization, spatial awareness and understanding of transformation geometry.

I engaged in an action research study of my own practice as I investigated if SolidWorks could actually be used at Junior Certificate level to improve student understanding of transformation geometry. The action research took place over a five-week period and included three cycles of research. The research was carried out with a third-year Junior Cycle group aged between fifteen and sixteen years of age and all students in the class took part in the study. The first stage of the research examined student progress as they worked through the topic following teacher instruction on SolidWorks. The second stage of the research examined the students’ progress as they used the software for themselves. I carried out an assessment task with students towards the end of the study, which showed that student learning had improved in comparison to previous years.
Prediction of Mortality Associated with Cardiac and Radiological Findings in Patients with Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Avci Sema , Perincek Gokhan , Karakayali Muammer
Published: January 2021

Background: In this study, we aimed to compare echocardiography, electrocardiography (ECG) abnormalities, Doppler ultrasonography (USG), and computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) results in predicting 3-month mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 124 patients (72 females, 52 males) with acute PE. Demographics, symptoms, clinical signs, comorbidities, history of surgery, arterial blood gas, liver-renal functions, complete blood count, echocardiography, ECG, Doppler USG, and CTPA results, as well as 3-month mortality were recorded.

Results: pH (z = –2.623; p <0.01), hemoglobin (z = –3.112; p <0.01), and oxygen saturation (z = –2.165; p <0. 01) were significantly higher in survivors. White blood cell (z = –2.703; p <0.01), blood urea nitrogen (z = –3.840; p <0.01), creatinine (z = –3.200; p <0.01), respiratory rate (z = –2.759; p <0.01), and heart rate (z = –2.313; p <0.01) were significantly higher in non-survivors. Nonspecific ST changes (AUC 0.52, 95% CI 0.43–0.61), p pulmonale (AUC 0.52, 95% CI 0.43–0.61), normal axis (AUC 0.61), right axis deviation (AUC 0.56), right ventricle strain pattern (AUC 0.59), and right pulmonary artery embolism (AUC 0.54) on CTPA showed the highest mortality prediction.

Conclusions: Nonspecific ST changes, p pulmonale, normal axis and right axis deviation in ECG, RV strain in echocardiography, and right pulmonary artery embolism on CTPA are associated with a higher mortality in patients with PE.
Perceived Organisational Support as a Moderator in the Relationship Between Organisational Justice and Affective Organisational Commitment
Authors: Twumasi Evelyn , Addo Belinda
Published: January 2021

Purpose. This study aimed to explore the relationship between organisational justice and commitment and how the combined influence of organisational justice and perceived organisational support (POS) impacts on commitment.

Research Methodology. Data were obtained through questionnaires administered to 124 teaching and non-teaching staff, who were conveniently selected by the researchers from Ghanaian public universities. Descriptive survey design was adopted for this study.

Findings. The results from regression analysis of data collected showed a significant positive relationship among the dimensions of organisational justice and affective commitment. Furthermore, POS was found to moderate the relationship between organisational justice and commitment, as the effect of justice on commitment increased when POS was added to the model.

Practical Implications. The present study supported the expected relationship among justice, POS and organisational commitment and implied that higher level of fairness and support from the organisation can favourably influence the commitment level of employees.

Originality. The current research examines the moderating role of POS on organisational justice–commitment link using samples from the Ghanaian higher education institutions. Thus, it makes relevant contribution to the existing literature by modelling both organisational justice and support and analysing its effect on organisational commitment.
Vertical Production of ‘Konstancin’ Rose Cuttings in the Growth Chamber Under Led Light
Authors: Matysiak Bożena
Published: January 2021

The impact of light quality generated by light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the adventitious root formation and cuttings’ quality of rose hip ‘Konstancin’ under controlled conditions in multilevel growth chamber without access to natural light and in the greenhouse was evaluated. In the growth chamber, the lighting was provided by a combination of red and blue LED arrays and white LED tubes, while in the greenhouse, red and blue LED lights were used as a supplement to natural light. The number of rooted cuttings under both growth conditions was not affected by the light conditions generated by LEDs. However, light quality showed significant effects on the biomass production and development of adventitious roots, with the most stimulating red light generated by LEDs. In the growth chamber, the root biomass of the cuttings illuminated with white LEDs supplemented with red LEDs was on average 2.2 times higher than of the cuttings illuminated with white LEDs only. A similar reaction was noted under greenhouse conditions. Supplementation of natural light with red LEDs resulted in 1.7 times increase of the fresh biomass of roots. Both in the growth chamber and in the greenhouse, illumination with red LEDs promoted axillary bud outgrowth. LED lamps can be used in the production of high-quality rose cuttings, both in greenhouses as a complement to natural light and in multilevel rooms as a sole-source lighting for plants.
Legal Pragmatism – A Useful and Adequate Explanatory Model for Danish Adjudication on Tax Avoidance?1
Authors: Schmidt Peter Koerver
Published: January 2021

The author explores whether legal pragmatism may function as a useful and adequate explanatory model for the case law on tax avoidance unfolding in the Danish Supreme Court. In doing so, the underlying ideas of philosophical and legal pragmatism are initially re-visited while the general interpretational approach of the Danish judiciary is briefly outlined. Subsequently, the general approach to interpretation of Danish tax law is presented and the prevailing opinions on tax avoidance in the Danish doctrine are touched upon. This provide the necessary foundation for the following legal analysis of the Danish Supreme Courts’ case law on tax avoidance. Based on this analysis, it is concluded that legal pragmatism may actually function as a useful and adequate explanatory model for the Danish Supreme Court's case law on tax avoidance. Awareness of this pragmatic inclination may facilitate a better understanding of the Danish Supreme Court's approach in difficult cases on tax avoidance and enhance the possibilities of predicting the outcome of such cases.
Introduction: (De)democratisation in Slovenia and Montenegro: Comparing the Quality of Democracy
Authors: Komar Olivera , Novak Meta
Published: January 2021

This paper creates a framework for the comparison of two similar and yet different democratisation cases – Slovenia and Montenegro. The two countries have obvious similarities: their geography and small population, as well as their common socialist Yugoslav heritage and common aspirations to join international organisations, most importantly the European Union. However, while Slovenia went through the democratisation process rather smoothly, Montenegro took the longer road, struggling for more than a decade to regain its independence and complete its transition. We take into account different internal and external factors in these two cases such as the year of independence and of joining NATO, the political and electoral system, ethnic homogeneity, the viability of civil society, EU integration status, economic development and the presence of war in each territory in order to identify and describe those factors that contributed to the success of democratisation in different areas: the party system, the interest groups system, the defence system, Europeanisation and social policy. We find that the democratisation process in these countries produced different results in terms of quality. Various objective measures of the quality of democracy score Slovenia higher compared to Montenegro, while public opinion data shows, in general, greater satisfaction with the political system and greater trust in political institutions in Montenegro than in Slovenia.
The Innovative Technology of Hydraulic Compression and Boosting for Filling the Vehicles and Storage Systems with Natural Gas and Biomethane
Authors: Safronov Aleksey , Guzeyeva Julia , Begens Jevgeniy , Mezulis Ansis
Published: January 2021

The article describes the technology of the “hydraulic piston”, as well as the studies that confirm the viability of this technology, implemented in various devices, designed to compress natural gas (CNG) and biomethane (bio-CNG), to accumulate CNG and bio-CNG, to deliver bio-CNG from the production site to the point of its injection into the natural gas network or to the vehicle fuelling stations to fill the Natural Gas Vehicles (NGV). The article presents prototypes of personal fuelling devices and mobile fuelling systems developed by Hygen Ltd. (Hygen), thereby showing the potential of the technology to contribute in the deployment of alternative fuel infrastructure and into the global GHG emissions reduction, mainly in the transport sector.
Analysis of the Climatic Factors Influence on the Overhead Transmission Lines Reliability
Authors: Kondrateva Olga , Myasnikova Ekaterina , Loktionov Oleg
Published: January 2021

In this study, the influence of climatic factors on overhead transmission lines reliability in Russia was discussed. A review of the possible impacts of climate change is provided. Using the example of an electric grid company providing electricity in the Republic of Bashkortostan some reliability targets associated with the impacts of weather events were calculated: the number of power outages, the failure rate of 1 km of overhead transmission lines and the outage time. From the calculations it was determined that these targets are at a quite high level, in particular for 6-10 kV overhead transmission lines. The main contribution is made by climatic factors wind and lighting storm. A correlation analysis of the overhead transmission lines outages as a function of the number of wind cases with a certain speed has shown a strong relationship between these characteristics. According to predictive information, the number of power outages in the territory under consideration in 2025 will increase by 1.5 times.
Insurance against Natural Hazards: Critical Elements on the Risk Premium Evaluation in the Italian Context
Authors: Pagano Andrea Jonathan , Romagnoli Francesco , Vannucci Emanuele
Published: January 2021

The aim of this paper is to highlight the insurance dynamics in relation to catastrophic events and how the insurance companies approach the insured parties (contractors) for the definition of a tailored insurance policy contract. Within this study the emphasis has been addressed more on the regulatory situation in the Italian context as a key example of the existing contractual problems regarding the drafting of insurance contracts against natural hazards. In particular, the study defines the drawbacks of having information asymmetry between the parties towards several substantial elements of the policy agreement, including the definition of the overall risk, exposure, vulnerability and the consequential insurance premium. This study provides an overview of the possible calculation as a specific one based on the risk / premium assessment tool of the Exceedance Probability curve (EP curve) method used by insurance companies. This method focuses on some of the most important insurance parameters for determining the insurance premium and the possible indemnity in relation to the risk related to natural hazards. In the results and discussion, the research reports on how an information discrepancy on contractual transparency appears evident in fact creating an obstacle to facilitate the access to the data referred to in the risk calculation inherent in the asset and obviating the information discrepancy, allowing the private individual to use the information consciously. With the presentation of a risk calculation tool based on the EP curve and relative loss or exceedance, the study shows a possible correlation between insurance dynamics and the new environmental, social, governance (ESG) parameters for implementation on the financial markets.
Renewable Energy Policies: Bibliometric Review and Policy Implications
Authors: Annibaldi Valeria , Condemi Alessia , Cucchiella Federica , Gastaldi Massimo , Rotilio Marianna
Published: January 2021

The energy policies of the Union States should promote energy security, energy efficiency, decarbonisation, research, innovation and competitiveness. In addition, over the last few years, the research on these topics has significantly enlarged and received increasing attention from policy makers interested in focusing and accelerating socio-technical systems towards sustainability. The scientific productivity of European Union States about the Renewable Energy policies is here evaluated. For each selected policy, positive and critical aspects are noted to assess the possibility of any changes that could lead to an increase in the renewable energy exploitation.
Environmental Assessment of Bio-Oil Transformation from Thistle in the Italian Context: An LCA Study
Authors: Tortoioli Samuele , Paolotti Luisa , Romagnoli Francesco , Boggia Antonio , Rocchi Lucia
Published: January 2021

The present study is a cradle-to-gate Life Cycle Assessment of a hypothetical production process of rigid polyurethane foam obtained from thistle seed oil, grown on the marginal soils of the Umbria region, Italy. Thistle is a particularly rustic crop, suitable for difficult soil and climatic conditions that allow its cultivation in the Mediterranean area on marginal lands and with only the water supply of the autumn-spring rains. Life Cycle Inventory was built on up-to-date inventory for thistle production, while experimental data for polyol and synthesis were obtained from literature, with reference to a pilot scale reactor. Energy recovery of lignocellulosic biomass and sensitivity analysis were also included in the study. Life Cycle Assessment was performed using SimaPro 9.0 and impacts were evaluated with the Impact2000+ method. Results show the overall impact of thistle oil including its final use for the production of polyurethane foam, and underline the important contribution as environmental benefit of the use of biomass leftovers in the agricultural phase. Moreover, results show that the major impacts of the rigid polyurethane foam production process were related to the synthesis of the foam itself. Among the previous phases constituting the process of synthesis of the polyol, the most impactful one was the cultivation; the oil processing stage, on the other hand, had a small global impact. The synthesis of the foam, taken individually, generated a greater impact than the entire synthesis process of the vegetable polyol starting from the cultivation of thistle.
Are Industries Open for Renewable Energy?
Authors: Kudurs Edgars , Tukulis Anrijs , Dzalbs Arnis , Blumberga Dagnija
Published: January 2021

The progress towards climate neutrality and sustainable development of the national economy is increasingly challenging. At the European Union level, the target for renewable energy set by Directive 2018/2001 is at least 32 %. Industry is not only an essential part of the national economy but also a field of opportunity for increasing the share of renewable energy in the total final energy consumption balance of the country. The paper evaluates renewable energy technologies using a combination of AHP and TOPSIS methods using technical, economic, environmental, and social criteria. In order to indicate the needs, potential barriers, and position of enterprises on renewable energy, an enterprise survey is conducted. Both the survey and multi-criteria decision analysis ranks solar PV as the technology with the highest potential. The results of the survey overall show that enterprises are open to renewable energy technologies, especially if incentives such as financial support are available, for example, in the form of a grant.
Carbon Emissions in Recreation Fishing Travelling. Case of Latvia
Authors: Grizane Tamara , Blumberga Dagnija
Published: January 2021

The tourism industry holds high importance for the economy of Latvia; therefore, it is important to comply with the low-emission mobility strategy. The aim of this research is to investigate the CO2 emissions caused by a trip to Latvia’s Western coast at the Baltic Sea for recreational fishing in order to create information basis for intensifying the development of the specific tourism industry on a Baltic Sea states scope. In this research a hybrid (top-down and bottom up) and regression method was used for determination of CO2 emissions and interlinked relations. Research results: Altogether travelling forth and back to fishing destinations totalled 22 546 km, emitting 5.796 tCO2 emissions; vehicle occupation rates for vehicles vary – for car – 28.9 %, for motorhome – 50 %, for vans – 25 %. Renewal of car fleet to more fuel-economy vehicles would help comply with the CO2 95 g/km goal, would reduce the emissions by 684.49 kg, 847 kg and by 570.84 kg accordingly. The emission reduction per passenger with 60 % seat occupancy depend on the car CO2 emission ratio – 155 g/km, 147 g/km or 131 g/km, and would correspond to the cumulative effect of CO2 6.77 kg, 5.01 kg and 5.40 kg. Annual journey to fishing destinations per passenger, with 95 g/km emissions and 60 % vehicle occupancy rate with given registered CO2 emissions at 155 g/km, 147 g/km or 131 g/km: would produce CO2 297.7 kg, 322.7 kg and 280.2 kg accordingly. Use of seat-sharing of newer cars would allow for a reduction of emissions, specifically within Latvia’s Western coast of Baltic Sea recreation fishing area, where due to the scarce population, public transport is less available.
When is Green Really Green? A Latvian Case Study on Updating of Food Supply Green Public Procurement
Authors: Simanovska Jana , Pelsa Inese , Kibilda-Kinna Nora
Published: January 2021

Green public procurement (GPP) is an important tool and is used to reduce adverse environmental impacts caused by food production. To have a more detailed look at the application of GPP in Latvia, the authors screened 97 public tenders for supply of food products, documenting the choice of the green criteria. Only 15 % of the screened tender documents corresponded to the national GPP requirements. Only 4 % of the tender documents gave higher priority exclusively for organic products compared to products within national quality schemes or integrated pest management agriculture. The authors compared these findings with the opinions of environmental experts, GPP guidelines by the European Commission, and experience from other countries. The authors conclude that 1) self-reporting is not an appropriate method to measure the implementation level of GPP, and 2) having a large number of criteria without clear goals can lead to using the easiest, but least environmentally beneficial options, and 3) for some tenders complying with national GPP, the environmental benefits may be unclear.
Factors Affecting the Improvement of District Heating. Case Studies of Estonia and Serbia
Authors: Rušeljuk Pavel , Volkova Anna , Lukić Nebojša , Lepiksaar Kertu , Nikolić Novak , Nešović Aleksandar , Siirde Andres
Published: January 2021

Factors affecting both the Estonian and Serbian district heating improvement are analysed, including geographical and climate factors, as well as economic and legal factors. This analysis is added by evaluation of main technical and economic parameters related to the district heating networks from the case studies (Estonian Narva city and Serbian Kragujevac district heating). This analysis uncovered the weakest points of Kragujevac district heating and explain why district heating is not considered as sustainable and environmentally friendly heating option.
Environmental Management Challenges and Possible Solutions Regarding Chemical Pollution Caused by Households in Latvia: A Qualitative Pilot Study
Authors: Akūlova Lāsma , Bukina Anna , Martinsone Žanna
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to determine public perception of chemical pollution and environmental management problems in Riga, Latvia, and obtain possible solutions to these problems. This is a qualitative study where data was obtained by organizing focus group interviews. A total of 3 focus groups were held with 18 participants taking part. The first focus group consisted of adults living in apartments, the second group – of adults living in houses, and the third group consisted of students; all respondents live in Riga city or its peri-urban area. The results have shown that the main problems defined by respondents regarding chemicals and environmental management is lack of information, low level of environmental education, complexity of available information on chemicals and environmental aspects, inappropriate infrastructure and lack of availability of environmental services. The potential solutions for determined problems are qualitative environmental education in schools, improved informative material accessibility by creating applications for smartphones, advertisement and social campaigns, ensuring provision of infrastructure and services, and implementation of packaging deposit system.
Spatial Economic Modeling of the Waste-driven Agricultural Biogas in Lubelskie Region, Poland
Authors: Bartoli Andrea , Ben Fradj Nosra , Gałczyńska Małgorzata , Jędrejek Anna , Rozakis Stelios , Shu Kesheng
Published: January 2021

In this study, we aim to support the evidence-based policy in agricultural biogas production at regional level in Poland. To do so, we set up a decentralized decision framework, simultaneously taking into account the agricultural sector heterogeneity, the biogas technology state-of-the-art and the Polish institutional setting related to renewable energy production. A partial equilibrium model simulates the agricultural and the biogas sector interactions, estimating market clearing prices and quantities at the intersection of supply and demand. The optimal number, size and location of biogas plants are derived at the equilibrium. Considering the case study of Lubelskie region, we tested alternative incentive schemes for agricultural biogas development. Results indicate that limiting the use of energy crops in favour of other substrates, such as livestock, manure and agro-industrial waste, is decisive to preserve biogas profitability under all policy scenarios tested. However, it seems that only with the implementation of the current policy scheme there is a concrete perspective for the biogas industry take-off.
E-learning Practice at Medical Universities in Poland in the Perspective of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Leszczyński Piotr K. , Roszak Magdalena , Binkowska Aneta , Świniarski Paweł , Wilk Aleksandra , Charuta Anna , Zacharuk Tamara , Kononowicz Andrzej A.
Published: January 2021

The epidemiological situation resulting from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic caused the Polish universities to fully switch to distance education in March 2020. Medical e-learning has not yet been broadly implemented into the education process. Therefore, examples of successful e-learning implementations or the organization of the process of medical e-learning offer a valuable source of knowledge today, which is needed immediately. The article presents e-learning practices at the Polish medical universities during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic during the period from March to September 2020, covering seven universities in Poland that offer medical and health studies. The organization and implementation of e-learning classes is presented, including knowledge evaluation practices, providing example decisions issued by university rectors, on which the teaching process was based. A detailed presentation of the schools’ organizational units or workgroups that played an important role in the process of coordination of measures supporting e-education is also included. The article also presents a description of the software applications, utilities, and services used at the schools in the course of the process of online education. Below are some examples of specific such implementations in selected university courses.
E-learning During the Coronavirus Pandemic – Creating Educational Resources for Teaching Medical Students
Authors: Grześkowiak Małgorzata , Chudzicka-Strugała Izabela , Zwoździak Barbara , Swora-Cwynar Ewelina , Nijakowski Kacper , Jokiel Marta , Roszak Magdalena
Published: January 2021

As a result of the epidemiological situation in Poland that occurred as a consequence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, all classroom study was suspended in March 2020 and schools were required to deliver online education. There number of teachers who create educational resources for medical e-education, also those including interactive elements, is still insufficient. Teachers’ IT skills must be continuously improved and they have to take part in e-learning course design training programmes, taking into account the characteristics of the teaching process in medical sciences and health studies. The existing examples of effective e-classes, particularly for medical training, are important sources of knowledge on how to build e-learning courses for beginners and an inspiration for others in subsequent implementations. This knowledge is needed immediately, and the time available for acquiring it is shorter than previously, as the epidemic does not allow for full-range training schemes. This paper presents such results, collected from the period from March to June 2020 at the Poznan University of Medical Sciences by teachers who had started working on e-learning resources in 2019 and are successfully implementing these in the educational offer made available to their students as part of various curricula.
Semantic, Logical, and Ethical Considerations of Patients’ Decisions in the Resolution of Moral Dilemmas
Authors: Rzepiński Tomasz , Baum Ewa , Żok Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

Decision-making procedures in medical practice are often analysed by both philosophers of science and ethicists, as well as statisticians, clinicians and methodologists. The paper focuses on decisions made by patients in situations of moral dilemma. The main purpose is to analyse the strategies used in resolving such dilemmas. First, the concept of a ‘situation of moral dilemma’ is clarified. Then, two types of strategies for resolving such situations are distinguished. The first strategy requires revising the patient’s belief system or moral orientation. The second one includes a group of non-revision beliefs strategies (NRB). The authors argue in support of the thesis that NRB strategies are, in fact, the patient’s first choice when it comes to resolving moral dilemmas. The paper analyses situations where the NRB strategies may prove effective, as well as situations where they fail and where the solution of the moral dilemma must be addressed by revising the accepted belief system. The findings will help to better understand patients’ decision-making processes.
Translator’s notes as a form of linguistic localization of literary works (the case of D. Mitchell’s novels)
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Volkova I.D.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the present article is to describe the significance of translator's notes from the point of view of localization of English works of fiction for Russian readership, as well as to identify the types of lexical units that become object of adaptation and the degree of their explication. The theoretical and methodological basis of this study is made up of the key provisions of translation studies, the study of linguistic localization and the study of literary discourse. Within the framework of the present research, a comparative analysis of the concepts of adaptation (pragmatic adaptation) and localization has been carried out to substantiate the advisability of using a new term to name culturally determined modifications of the original text. The characteristics of a literary text have been established, which make it possible to classify works of fiction as objects of localization. Content analysis of the English and Russian versions of the novels Cloud Atlas, The Thousand Autumns of Jacob de Zoet and The Slade House by the British writer D. Mitchell has been carried out. The original English-language and translated Russian-language versions of the specified literary works are analyzed, in particular, a comparative analysis of the English-language lexical units and phrases, accompanied by translator's notes in the secondary texts, has been conducted. The advantages of notes as a form of localization of literary texts are indicated. They consist in the possibility of a more detailed and quick description of foreign cultural units in comparison with intra-text transformations.
Calcium fixation on fortified rice made with various rice varieties
Authors: Wariyah Ch. , Anwar C. , Astuti M. , Supriyadi
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate calcium fixation and calcium binding in calciumfortified rice. Calcium-fortified rice was made by soaking (infusing) rice in a Ca-lactate or
Ca-gluconate solution at temperature of 80oC for 20 mins. The rice types used in this
study were low-, medium- and high amylose rice, represented by Memberamo, Ciherang
and IR-42 rice varieties. Calcium retention in rice was tested by washing and dialysis, and
calcium levels in the rice were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Calcium
fixation was determined by using an FT-IR infrared spectrometer based on the changes in
infrared spectra of the functional groups of -OH and C-O. The research showed that
calcium retention in rice after washing was between 86.23% - 94.38% (Ca-lactate) and
89.37% - 90.15% (Ca-gluconate), Ca retention after dialysis was between 37.49% to
44.13% (Ca-lactate) and 37.40% to 42.86% (Ca-gluconate). The addition of Ca-lactate or
Ca-gluconate to rice caused a decrease in the absorbance value and the absorption band
area square at a wave numbers 3425 cm-1
(-OH group) and 1300-1000 cm-1
(C-O stretching
vibration). Based on these data and the retention of Ca2+ after washing and dialysis, the
Ca2+ in fortified-rice was bound by hydrogen bonding to form Ca-hydrate and by ionicdipole bonding with –OH group of starch molecules, and/or trapping in gelatinized starch.
Influence of heat treatment on the nutrient composition and physicochemical characteristics of Adlai (Coix Lachryma-Jobi L.) and Obatanpa cross Lagkitan (OxL) corn variety (Zea Mays L. ‘Los Baños Lagkitan’)
Authors: Magpantay R.L., Jr. , Barrion A.S.A. , Dizon E.I. , Hurtada W.A.
Published: January 2021

The study aimed to investigate the effect of heat treatments on the proximate composition,
caloric value, carbohydrate profile and physicochemical characteristics of Adlai and
Obatanpa cross Lagkitan corn variety (OxL). Different percentages of Adlai were
incorporated to OxL corn and sensory evaluation revealed that 90% adlai: 10% OxL corn
blend was the most acceptable proportion. The raw, boiled and canned pure adlai, pure
OxL corn and the most acceptable adlai-corn blend were used in the study. Results
showed that after boiling, all samples fell under the soft gel consistency category (65-100
mm) and have a high gelatinization temperature (>74oC). In adlai, OxL corn and adlaicorn blend samples, values of moisture and crude fat increased significantly (p<0.05) from
raw to heat-treated samples (boiling and canning), while those of crude protein, crude
fiber, total ash and carbohydrate significantly decreased (p<0.05). The energy content
(kcal/100 g) was highest in all raw samples while boiling and canning led in a significant
(p<0.05) decrease. Moreover, there is a significant (p<0.05) reduction in starch and
amylose content of all raw samples after boiling and further decreased by canning.
However, the values of moisture, crude fat, total ash, carbohydrates, caloric value, starch
and amylose for boiled and canned samples were not significantly (p>0.05) different.
Overall, heat treatment significantly reduced the nutritional value of adlai, OxL corn and
adlai-corn blend.
Investigating the Relationship of Working Memory and Inhibitory Control: Bilingual Education and Pedagogical Implications in Elementary School
Authors: Sofologi Maria , Zafiri Makrina , Pliogou Vassiliki
Published: January 2021

Present study aims to shed light on the relationship of working memory and executive functioning in bilingual elementary school children when compared with monolingual population of the same age. The investigation of the relationship between working memory and language learning abilities of children, who are bilingual, is particularly important as it plays a key role in understanding the literacy and language competence of bilingual populations. The purpose of this study was to examine Verbal Working Memory and Executive Functions in 20 bilingual elementary school students who were compared to 20 monolingual school-age students in different cognitive tasks. The research results showed that bilingual students did not appear to perform better in Working Memory compared to the performance of monolingual students of the same age. Correspondingly, bilingual students performed better in the task of inhibitory control and cognitive change. The findings of the present study reinforce the hypothesis that when learning a language, be it the mother tongue or the foreign /second language, the working memory does not correlate to all executive functions but forms a separate cognitive function. The implications of bilingual learning strategies in multicultural class settings are discussed as a pedagogical memory frame that can empower academic achievement while acknowledging the importance of acquiring standardized language skills by promoting a variety of memory strategies.
Use of Technology-Based Tools in Ensuring Quality of Publishable Journal Articles
Authors: Magulod Gilbert C. , Capulso Leonilo B. , Tabiolo Cinder Dianne L. , Luza Merlyn N. , Ramada Mary Grace C.
Published: January 2021

Scientific publication is a pillar that gauges the human intellectual capital of countries in the global innovation index. This paper presents the effectiveness of using technology-based tools in ensuring the quality of articles for journal publication. It employed a pre-and post-test research design to determine the effectiveness of online technology-based tools before and after the intervention. It employed a descriptive presentation of the different online technology tools used in the 21 specimens of faculty research written in publishable article formats. It examined the quality of references, level of readability, writing quality, originality, and grammar of the papers before and after the review process and interventions. The study highlighted that using the online tools improved the quality of the documents on grammar and lexical rate, similarity index, readability index, number of references, number of correct bibliographic entries for submission in high impact journals. A higher level of a cleansing process using online technology tools ensures the quality of publishable articles. Implications of this study will facilitate the academic community's journal article writing skill to effectively disseminate research studies results with higher chances of being accepted in respected global databases to contribute to knowledge generation and development of the country.
Investigation of temporal baseline effect on DEMs derived from COSMO Sky-Med data
Authors: TORUN Ahmet Tarık , ORHAN Osman
Published: January 2021

Digital elevation models (DEM) are indispensable elements of sensitive earth science studies. It is important the production and usage of DEMs. The science of remote sensing offers scientists an important source of data on this subject. Radar data, which is an active remote sensing system, has an important capacity in this regard. DEM production using InSAR data has been widely used in the literature in the last decade. The temporal baseline parameter, which is an important factor in data generation from InSAR pairs, also affects the final products. In this study, it is aimed to examine the usability of these data by producing short (4days), medium (84 days) and long (440 days) baseline DEMs using InSAR pairs of COSMO Sky-Med satellite. At the same time, photogrammetric DEMs were produced with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in selected pilot areas. The DEMs produced were evaluated in 4 land surface types, namely plain-bare, agricultural, urban and rugged area. In addition, by performing statistical analyzes such as RMSE, MAE, the accuracy of the produced DEMs compared to the DEMs produced with UAV was examined. The results showed that short and medium baseline data give more accurate results than long baseline InSAR pairs. Increasing the temporal baseline, increases the amount of error in the DEMs produced. Also, the effect of land surface types on the produced DEMs was revealed in the results of the study.
Intelligent Traffic Monitoring Systems: Vehicle Type Classification Using Support Vector Machine
Authors: Candradewi Ika , Harjoko Agus , Sumbodo Bakhtiar Alldino Ardi
Published: January 2021

In the automation of vehicle traffic monitoring system, information about the type of vehicle, it is essential because used in the process of further analysis as management of traffic control lights. Currently, calculation of the number of vehicles is still done manually. Computer vision applied to traffic monitoring systems could present data more complete and update.In this study consists of three main stages, namely Classification, Feature Extraction, and Detection. At stage vehicle classification used multi-class SVM method to evaluate characteristics of the object into eight classes (LV-TK, LV-Mobil, LV-Mikrobis, MHV-TS, MHV-BS, HV-LB, HV- LT, MC). Features are obtained from the detection object, processed on the feature extraction stage to get features of geometry, HOG, and LBP in the detection stage of the vehicle used MOG method combined with HOG-SVM to get an object in the form of a moving vehicle and does not move. SVM had the advantage of detail and based statistical computing. Geometry, HOG, and LBP characterize complex and represents an object in the form of the gradient and local histogram.The test results demonstrate the accuracy of the calculation of the number of vehicles at the stage of vehicle detection is 92%, with the parameters HOG cellSize 4x4, 2x2 block size, the son of vehicle classification 9. The test results give the overall mean recognition rate 91,31 %, mean precision rate 77,32 %, and mean recall rate 75,66 %.
El espacio urbano. Un lugar de interacción social.
Authors: SOUSA GONZÁLEZ EDUARDO
Published: January 2021

Desde la evidencia histórica, es posible visualizar que hasta nuestros días en la esfera que circunscribe a lo urbano (ciudades, metrópolis y demás), es claro que estas agrupaciones de ciudadanos, aunque han adquirido una importancia significativa no sólo en virtud del incremento sostenido en el crecimiento numérico de sus pobladores; sino también, en la concentración infraestructural, de equipamientos, de las actividades secundarias, de servicios y de los adelantos tecnológicos propios de la época, no representan, en su mayoría, formas de relaciones humanas equilibradas que adoptar, ni mucho menos se han destacado por generar procesos sociales vinculados a la igualdad, la justicia y la equidad social (Sousa, E. 2008).
Justicia socio-espacial y disputa por los espacios centrales en el Barrio del Abasto (Buenos Aires)
Authors: CUBEROS GALLARDO FRANCISCO JOSÉ , DÍAZ PARRA IBÁN
Published: January 2021

Resumen:
El Abasto supone un caso ejemplar de disputa por la centralidad en Buenos Aires, en el que se superponen los proyectos de recualificación urbana orientados al consumo de clase media y al turismo con la ocupación de viviendas por inmigrantes pobres. Esta situación invita a examinar las distintas concepciones de justicia socio-espacial en conflicto, para lo que se instrumentalizan el concepto de economía moral utilizado por H. P. Thompson y James Scott y la concepción del espacio social popularizada por Henri Lefebvre y David Harvey. La exposición del caso se fundamenta en la combinación de una contextualización de los procesos urbanísticos y sociales desarrollados en el sector con una etnografía que sigue el caso de un edificio de vecinos ocupado por inmigrantes. El trabajo concluye advirtiendo sobre el riesgo de despolitización de una exaltación acrítica de las resistencias cotidianas cuando carecen de una dimensión pública.
IN VITRO ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY OF LEAVE PETROLEUM ETHER EXTRACT OF FICUS SYCOMORUS PLANT
Authors: Garga M. A. , Ibrahim M. K. , Mohammad A. , Abdullahi H. A. , Yusuf M. B. , Ibrahim N. , Garba I. L. , Bako I. , Salisu B.
Published: January 2021

In vitro anti-malarial activity of petroleum ether extracts of Ficus sycomorus leaves was investigated using Candle Jar method. The extractions were carried out through activity guided fractionation. Petroleum ether extract has the highest activity, at the concentration of 1mg and 0.5mg with percentage growth inhibition of (33.12 and 31.9%) respectively. These results suggest that the leaves of Ficus sycomorus plant have significant antimalarial activity and that the antiplasmodial agents might be as a result of the extract fractionated using the petroleum.
The use of artificial intelligence in predicting patient satisfaction with medical care in a specialized rehabilitation clinic
Authors:   Moscow scientific and practical center for medical rehabilitation, rehabilitation and sports medicine, Moscow, Russia, Kharitonov S.V. , Lyamina N.P. ,   Moscow scientific and practical center for medical rehabilitation, rehabilitation and sports medicine, Moscow, Russia, Zaitsev V.P. ,   Moscow scientific and practical center for medical rehabilitation, rehabilitation and sports medicine, Moscow, Russia, Samsonova G.O. ,   Moscow scientific and practical center for medical rehabilitation, rehabilitation and sports medicine, Moscow, Russia, Golubev M.V. ,   Moscow scientific and practical center for medical rehabilitation, rehabilitation and sports medicine, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Patient satisfaction with treatment is a rather urgent medical and social problem, the solution of which is important in improving the health of the nation. The results of training neural networks of various types for predicting patient satisfaction with treatment in a specialized rehabilitation clinic are presented. The objective. To assess the possibilities of using different types of neural networks in predicting the level of patient satisfaction based on basic information. Materials and methods. When training neural networks, basic information about patients was used: gender, age, marital status, living conditions, education, Smoking, disability and group, the age of the disease and the age of disability if it exists. The study involved 98 patients. Data on 78 of them were used to train the neural network, and 20 patients made up a group testing the accuracy of predictions. Results. The most accurate prediction was achieved with 12-hour training of a Bayesian neural network, which gives a forecast with an accuracy of 87%, with a standard error (0.74). Conclusion. Based on the data obtained, it is concluded that it is appropriate to predict the level of patient satisfaction with medical care before it is provided based on basic information about the patient.