bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PERAN DOSEN SEBAGAI MOTIVATOR BELAJAR DI TENGAH PANDEMIC COVID-19 DI UNIVERSITAS ABDURACHMAN SALEH
Authors: Rofek Aenor
Published: January 2021

Saat pandemic covid-19 pembelajaran dilaksanakan secara jarak jauh dengan menggunakan berbagai aplikasi. Mahasiswa cenderung lebih malas belajar dikarenakan mereka tidak dipantau secara langsung. Adapun macam-macam motivasi di Universitas Abdurachman Saleh,  diantaranya  yaitu  memberi angka, hadiah,  saingan/kompetisi,  Ego-Involvement,  memberi  ulangan, mengetahui  hasil,  pujian,  hukuman,  hasrat  untuk   belajar,   minat   dan   tujuan yang diakui.  Motivasi yang diberikan adalah stimulus bagi dosen pengampu mata kuliah pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia SD di prodi PGSD. Dari segi ego-involvement, saat ada mahasiswa yang malas mengerjakan tugas kelompok membuat media pembelajaran membaca, dosen memotivasi mahasiswa untuk bekerja keras menyelesaikan tugas, karena tugas tersebut harus dikumpulkan sesuai jadwal. Dosen harus memberikan pujian kepada mahasiswa yang diberikan  pujian  oleh  dosen  bahwa  hasil  pekerjaannya bagus, terlihat senang ketika diberikan pujian.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN ALAT PERAGA EDUKASI “TRAVEL PLAYMAT” UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN MOTORIK KASAR ANAK USIA 7 TAHUN
Authors: Rofi'ah Siti , Widiyati Evita
Published: January 2021

Usia 7 tahun memang sudah melewati masa golden age, tetapi perkembangan motorik kasar anak akan tetap bertumbuh secara genetis beriringan dnegan kematangan fisik anak. Anak belajar dengan bermain oleh karenanya agar keterampilan motorik dapat berkembang dengan baik perlu diberikan stimulus sedemikian rupa sesuai kondisi lingkungan dan persepsi anak. Salah satu bentuk stimulus yang bisa kita lakukan adalah melalui permainan “travel playmat”. Travel playmat adalah alat peraga edukasi yang terbuat dari bahan flexy china yang didesain dengan ukuran 3x4m dan disertai dengan aktivitas yang melatih motoric kasar anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas penggunaan alat peraga edukasi “travel playmat” dengan subjek  penelitian anak usia 7 tahun di Jombang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen yang dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan keadaan sebelum dan sesudah memakai sisten baru (before-after). Instrumen yang digunakan berupa lembar observasi dan ceklis, analisis data meliputi analisis uji normalitas dan uji t-test yang terdiri dari sampel berpasangan atau Paired Samples T Test. T test digunakan untuk menguji perbedaan rata-rata antara dua kelompok data yang berpasangan. Pengujian menggunakan tingkat signifikansi 0,05. Hasil yang diperolej pada saat pretest rata-rata yang diperoleh sebesar 20,36 sedangkan pada posttest rata-rata yang diperoleh sebesar 30,26. Hal tersebut membuktikan adanya kenaikan nilai rata-rata sebelum dan sesudah digunakannya APE “Travel Playmat” sebesar 10%. Selain itu berdasarkan penghitungan t hitung dan t tabel diperoleh hasil bahwa hasil  (33,91) > (0,692) dengan demikian, hasilnya adalah signifikan sehingga Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan hasil motoric kasar anak sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan APE “Travel Playmat”
INTERNALISASI IDEOLOGI PANCASILA MELALUI LAGU KEBANGSAAN UNTUK MENCEGAH MEMUDARNYA NASIONALISME
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun
Published: January 2021

Perkembangan zaman yang semakin maju berdampak positif dan negatif untuk bangsa kita. Salah satu dampak negatifnya adalah memudarnya rasa nasionalisme generasi penerus bangsa. Untuk mencegah atau meminimalisir memudarnya rasa nasionalisme bangsa kita mulai dari hal kecil yaitu melalui lagu kebangsaan. Pada kenyataannya musik atau lagu selalu menyertai dalam segala aktivitas kita, karena dengan mendengarkan musik atau lagu dapat menjadikan perasaan lebih senang. Akan tetapi realitanya generasi muda sekarang lebih suka lagu luar negeri daripada lagu kebangsaan. Hal ini salah satu contoh memudarnya rasa nasionalisme generasi muda kita. Tujuan dari internalisasi ideologi Pancasila melalui lagu kebangsaan adalah melalui lagu diharapkan dapat mempengaruhi perilaku dan sikap generasi muda untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai Pancasila. Dengan menanamkan nilai Pancasila diharapkan dapat membenahi moral generasi untuk mencegah memudarnya rasa nasionalisme. Nasionalisme sangat penting untuk keutuhan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Pancasila merupakan ideologi bangsa dan merupakan jati diri  bangsa Indonesia. Dalam pelaksanaan internalisasi ideologi Pancasila ada beberapa tahapan yaitu penanaman nilai Pancasila, penumbuhan jiwa Pancasila, pengembngan nilai Pancasila, dan pemantapan jiwa Pancasila pada generasi muda. Agar dapat terealisasi semua itu peran dari pendidikan, keluarga dan pemerintah sangat penting mengingat pentingnya nilai Pancasila untuk diimplementasikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dalam bermasyarakat dan memperkuat nasionalisme dan patriotisme generasi penerus bangsa.
The Pharmaceutical Firms of Pakistan: An Overview of Multidimensional Performance
Authors: Ali Dr. Majid , Sarwar Dr. Gulam , Saboor Dr. Abdul
Published: January 2021

The pharmaceutical industry of Pakistan is now meeting around 80% of total domestic demand with an annual11% growth rate. But the question arises as to whether the firms produce efficiently? The paper measures cost efficiency of the pharmaceutical industry of Punjab using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for the period of 2014-15. The factors affecting the cost efficiency is also determined by using Tobit method. In first stage, value added is used as single output and number of employs, raw material, and cost of salary are as inputs. The result suggested that the cost efficiency of the pharmaceutical firms is 27.7% which is determined by 46% technical efficiency (TE) and 60.8% allocative efficiency (AE). It means wastage of resources is cost increasing factors in these firms. In the second stage, among the variables i.e. firm’s market share, firm’s Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) of market concentration, values of assets, energy, Herfindahl-Hirschman Index has strong positive effect on cost efficiency.
Strategi Alternatif Pembelajaran Daring Mahasiswa Pendidikan Agama Islam Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Hanifah Husnun , Salsabila Unik Hanifah , Ghazali Irwan , Nadi Zul , Khoirunnisa Nisrina
Published: January 2021

AbstrakPandemi covid-19 tengah melanda negara-negara diseluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Berbagai masalah yang disebabkan oleh pandemi muncul termasuk dalam bidang pendidikan yang mengakibatkan seluruh kegiatan belajar mengajar dilakukan secara daring untuk meminimalisir terjadinya penyebaran virus. Dalam pembelajaran Agama Islam terdapat beberapa tantangan saat mengajarkan kepada peserta didik terkait materi baik itu secara pemahaman konsep maupun praktik. Peserta didik, pendidik maupun praktisi pendidikan diharuskan untuk melek gawai sehingga diharapkan dapat mengikuti dan mendapatkan pembelajaran dari gawai sesuai anjuran kemendikbud yang mengharuskan semua melakukan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh. Pendidik diharapkan mampu menyediakan banyak pilihan  pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan setiap peserta didik sebagaimana disampaikan mendikbud bahwa harus mempersiapkan pembelajaran dalam bentuk blended learning. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  memberikan gambaran pelaksanaan pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dengan strategi alternatif dan inovasi guna mempermudah  jalannya pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan dengan metode review paper dari berbagai sumber yang akurat dan relevan seperti buku, jurnal dan artikel.Kata Kunci: Daring, Strategi, Pembelajaran, Pandemi, Pendidikan Agama Islam Abstract Pandemic covid-19 is sweeping countries around the world, including Indonesia. Problems generated by the pandemic include education that causes all teaching learning to be done online to minimize the spread of the virus. In the learning of Islam, there are several challenges when teaching learners about materials whether they understand concepts or practices. Students, educatiors were required to be literate so that they could expect to follow and to learn from the devices as instructed by the ministry that requires all to do a PJJ Long distance Learning. Educators will be able to provide many learning choices that suit the needs of each learner as suggested by dictating that they should prepare learning in the form of the blended learning. The study aims to provide an overview of the implementation of islamic religious education with alternative strategies and innovation to facilitate the course of learning. The study used a qualitative approach done with the paper review method of various sources that are accurate and relevant, such as books, journals and articles. Keywords: Online, strategies, Learning, Pandemic, Islamic education
Efektivitas Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Examples Non Examples untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Matematika pada Siswa Kelas X di SMK Swasta Az-Zahra Sonomartani T.P. 2019/2020
Authors: Endangsih Sri , Rahma Indah Fitria
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui model pembelajaran Examples Non Examples dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika, serta efektifitas pengguanaan model pembelajaran Examples Non Examples dalam pembelajaran matematika. Jenis penelitian ini adalah  Quasi eksperimen serta dilakukan  di  SMK Az- Zahra sonomartani dengan jumlah siswa 33 orang. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan tes, angket dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif data, dengan uji t serta uji gain. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa:  (1)  dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Examples Non Examples dapat meningkatkan kemapuan berfikir kritis siswa memiliki nilai rata-rata lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan nilai rata-rata siswa sebelum menggunakan model pembelajaran tersebut  yaitu 57,30 dibandingkan 83,55. Nilai tertinggi yang diperoleh siswa sebelum menggunakan model pembelajaran examples non examples 75 setelah menggunakan model pembelajaran examples non examples 95. Berdasarkan hasil uji t dengan menggunakan SPSS 17.30 diketahui nilai signifikan 0,0510 > α = 0,05 sehingga Ha diterima. Berarti terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran examples non examples terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. (2) Hasil uji N-Gain Score  menunjukan bahwa nilai rata-rata N-gain score untuk metoda pembelajaran Examples Non Examples sebesar 62,6187 atau 62,62 % dengan kategori cukup efektif. Simpulan dengan penggunaan model pembelajaran Examples Non Examples cukup efektif dalam meningkatkan berfikir kritis siswa semakin  tinggi  sesuaian dengan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dengan minat maka semakin tinggi kreativitas siswa dengan nilai rxy1=0,546 (2) Semakin tinggi kesesuaian kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dengan minat maka semakin tinggi kemandirian dengan nilai rxy2=0,599. (3) Semakin tinggi kesesuaian kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dengan minat maka semakin tinggi kesiapan kerja siswa dengan nilai rxy3=0,574.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Harga Diri Rendah Pasien Gangguan Jiwa
Authors: Wijayati Fitri , Nasir Titin , Hadi Indriono , Akhmad Akhmad
Published: January 2021

Harga diri rendah adalah evaluasi diri negatif yang dikaitkan dengan perasaan lemah, tidak berdaya, putus asa, ketakutan, rentan, rapuh, tidak lengkap, tidak berharga, dan tidak memadai. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan rendahnya harga diri pasien jiwa di RS Jiwa Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara tahun 2016. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan menggunakan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pasien gangguan jiwa dengan harga diri rendah di RSJ Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara yang berjumlah 171 orang. Jumlah sampel 63 orang, teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling, uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji chi square dan phi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian harga diri rendah adalah riwayat penganiayaan fisik, kehilangan orang terdekat, penolakan keluarga, dan kegagalan berulang. Disarankan bagi institusi RS Jiwa yang memberikan edukasi tentang pentingnya keluarga klien untuk memberikan dukungan dan kalimat pujian klien yang memiliki harga diri rendah untuk mengembalikan kepercayaan klien yang hilang. Catatan PenerbitPoltekkes Kemenkes Kendari menyatakan tetap netral sehubungan dengan klaim dari perspektif atau buah pikiran yang diterbitkan dan dari afiliasi institusional manapun. PendanaanNihil. Berbagi dataPermohonan berbagi data kepada peneliti dapat melalui e-mail korespondensi. Kontribusi PenulisPara penulis tidak mendaklarasikan kontribusinya.
Management of the Tourist Region - Identification of the determinants of Innovation
Authors: Panfiluk Eugenia
Published: January 2021

The objective of this paper is to identify the entities responsible for creating the environment of aninnovative tourism region and to identify the activities that create it. The expert method was used in the paper.Pilot studies were conducted in November 2017, basic studies were conducted in May and June 2018, as well asin June 2019. The research tool was a questionnaire. The CAWI technique was used. The results were subject tostatistical calculations. The empirical results show that four categories of factors determine the innovativepotential of the tourism region, these are: knowledge, services market, policy, as well as the management systemand civil society. The most important factors are the policy and management, as well as scientific institutions.The task Policy and Management include: availability of non-repayable funds in the tourism sector and themanagement system, as well as creating the image and brand of the tourist reception area. The basic activities ofscientific institutions include the availability of scientific and technical knowledge and researching tourists’expectations. Originality/value of the research: The added value of the research results is the hierarchization ofentities operating in the tourist region due to their importance in the innovation process of the tourist region. Itwas identified that science and technology parks should play a leading role in the process of the development ofinnovation in a tourist region. Their most important tasks were identified as: availability of scientific and technicalknowledge, and researching tourists' expectations. Scientific activities should be supported by a highly developedinformation system, primarily in the area of tracking the innovation market and the availability of information onthe latest innovations. Research has shown that non-repayable financial programmes play an important role inthe innovation process of the tourist regions in Poland. From the scientific point of view, the research contributesto the further in-depth analysis of the innovativeness of a tourism region and the creation of the theoretical conceptof the tourism region innovation model. From a practical point of view, the results of the research can help todevelop programmes and strategies aimed at increasing the innovative potential of the tourism region.
Digitalization Security as a Marker of Modern Mechanical Engineering Technology Implementation in the Context of Ensuring Strategic Economic Security of Enterprises
Authors: Mishchuk Ievgeniia , Rebrova Svitlana , Krush Petro , Zinchenko Dmytro , Astafieva Kateryna
Published: January 2021

The article demonstrates the impact of digitalization security on implementation of modernengineering technologies, substantiates their connections with provision of the strategic economic security of anenterprise, presents enhanced methods of assessing the current economic-information security of an enterprise’sinterests. The developed methods of digitalization security assessment have been tested at machine buildingenterprises of Ukraine. The security level has proved to be medium or low at most enterprises under study. Thework substantiates that absence of the systematic personnel policy aimed at personnel’s acquiring competences4.0, deficit of financing technologies 4.0 implementation, a low level of IT capital make it impossible to ensurea high level of strategic economic security at Ukraine’s machine building enterprises.
Using the Econometric Models for Identification of Risk Factors for Albanian Smes (Case Study: Smes of Gjirokastra Region)
Authors: Koçiu Lorenc , Kodra Kledian
Published: January 2021

Using the econometric models, this paper addresses the ability of Albanian Small and Medium-sizedEnterprises (SMEs) to identify the risks they face. To write this paper, we studied SMEs operating in theGjirokastra region. First, qualitative data gathered through a questionnaire was used. Next, the 5-level Likertscale was used to measure it. Finally, the data was processed through statistical software SPSS version 21,using the binary logistic regression model, which reveals the probability of occurrence of an event when allindependent variables are included. Logistic regression is an integral part of a category of statistical models,which are called General Linear Models. Logistic regression is used to analyze problems in which one or moreindependent variables interfere, which influences the dichotomous dependent variable. In such cases, the latteris seen as the random variable and is dependent on them. To evaluate whether Albanian SMEs can identifyrisks, we analyzed the factors that SMEs perceive as directly affecting the risks they face. At the end of thepaper, we conclude that Albanian SMEs can identify risk
Scale of Tax Frauds as A Threat to the State's Financial Security
Authors: Pasternak-Malicka Monika
Published: January 2021

The objective of the paper is an attempt to assess the impact of the scale of tax frauds on thefinancial security of the state. In the paper one tried to assess the relationship between the level ofinformal economy and the fiscal income of the state, but also, based on the survey research, to indicatewhether unethical attitudes of taxpayers meet with social consent and constitute an incentive to bypassthe tax law. Methodology: Achieving the goal required the use of descriptive and statistical methods,in particular the linear regression method. The direct method - questionnaire was also applied. Results:In the paper the essence of the informal economy in the years 1994-2018, as well as the ethicaldeterminants of tax evasion in the light of the author's own research from 2007-2020 were discussed.Based on statistical data, an attempt was made to assess the impact of the informal economy,understood as evasion of fiscal obligations, on tax revenues in Poland, based on the linear regressionmethod. The scope of the phenomenon of tax pathology as the basic element of the shadow economyand its impact on the level of tax income seems to be confirmed by the relationship shown by themethod of estimating the expected value - variable, which showed that the shadow economy,calculated according to F. Schneider's estimates, was a factor in 94% determining the level of taxrevenues in the years 2000-2017.
Diagnosis Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman Bawang Merah Menggunakan Sistem Pakar
Authors: Jasri Moh
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini mencoba membuat sebuah sistem pakar untuk mendeteksi hama dan penyakit yang ada pada tanaman bawang merah dengan merancang sebuah design secara maksimal dengan menggunakan DFD, ERD, serta block diagram untuk menemukan sistem yang bisa digunakan untuk mendiagnosa hama dan penyakit pada tanaman bawah merah, adapun teknik diagnosa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan forward chaining, penelusurannya dimulai dari fakta-fakta terlebih dahulu baru menjurus pada sebuah kesimpulan, Sedangkan Block diagram yang dibuat berfungsi untuk membatasi area permasalahan dalam penelitian ini, untuk menerapkan block diagram kedalam sebuah sistem database selanjutnya adalah merancang DFD dan ERD agar block diagram bisa diterapkan pada database dan aplikasi.
Desain Sistem Pakar Untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD)
Authors: Faid Mochammad , Purwanto Devi Dwi
Published: January 2021

Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) sampai saat ini masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama di Indonesia, Jumlah penderita dan luas daerah penyebarannya semakin bertambah seiring dengan meningkatnya mobilitas dan kepadatan penduduk. Maka dari itu diperlukan perancangan desain sistem pakar untuk mendiagnosis stadium penyakit demam berdarah dengue, yaitu dengan menggunakan software pada komputer, adapun rule based sistem pakar ini didapat dari pakar dalam bidangnya dan buku yang berhubungan dengan penyakit demam berdarah dengue serta Informasi dari internet, rule based disusun sedemikian rupa ke dalam suatu database dengan beberapa tanel diantaranya tabel penyakit, tabel gejala dan tabel aturan untuk kinerja sistem dalam penarikan kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan forward chaining Perangkat lunak komputer yang digunakan dalam sistem pakar pendiagnosisan ini dirancang menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Visual Basic 6.0 dengan basis data yang dibuat dari Microsoft Acces 2003. Sistem pakar ini akan menampilkan pilihan gejala yang dapat dipilih oleh user, dimana setiap pilihan gejala akan membawa user kepada pilihan gejala selanjutnya hingga mendapatkan hasil akhir. Pada hasil akhir sistem pakar akan akan menampilkan gejala pilihan user, kemungkinan penyakit yang diderita terkait dengan demam berdarah dan pengobatan dini. Disamping itu, sistem pakar ini juga memberikan informasi tentang penyakit demam berdarah dengue, penulis dan pakar
Evaluación de la Derribadora Selectiva de Café Brudden DSC18
Authors: Sanz-Uribe Juan Rodrigo , Duque Hernando
Published: January 2021

La cosecha de café con la derribadora selectiva de café Brudden DSC18 es parte de la cosecha asistida de café, para los pases de mayor volumen en el año. Esta máquina, que es un desarrollo conjunto entre la empresa brasileña Brudden y Cenicafé, aplica principios novedosos en cosecha de frutales: utiliza las ramas para propagar la vibración y causar la caída de los frutos de café por fatiga del pedúnculo. La máquina basa su selectividad en que los frutos de café maduros necesitan menos ciclos para fallar a fatiga que los frutos verdes. La máquina debe usarse en conjunto con la retención de pases de cosecha y las lonas para recibir los frutos desprendidos. Para determinar el desempeño de la máquina en condiciones reales, se evaluó en lotes con diferentes pendientes de terreno, edades de los árboles y densidad de siembra, en las Estaciones Experimentales de Cenicafé. Los resultados mostraron los siguientes valores promedio: 28,53 kg h-1 de rendimiento, 6,07% de frutos verdes en la masa cosechada, 6,67 unidades/sitio de frutos maduros dejados en los árboles y 12,77 unidades/sitio de pérdidas. El rendimiento con la máquina es 180% más alto que el de un recolector promedio con el sistema tradicional. El bajo contenido de frutos verdes en la masa cosechada confirma el carácter selectivo de la máquina, los frutos maduros dejados en el árbol son aceptables, mientras que los frutos perdidos en el suelo estuvieron muy altos por motivos ajenos al funcionamiento la máquina.
Chandra Observations of Abell 2261 Brightest Cluster Galaxy, a Candidate Host to a Recoiling Black Hole
Authors: Gültekin Kayhan , Burke-Spolaor Sarah , Lauer Tod R. , W. Lazio T. Joseph , Moustakas Leonidas A. , Ogle Patrick , Postman Marc
Published: January 2021

We use Chandra X-ray observations to look for evidence of a recoiling black hole from the brightest cluster galaxy in Abell 2261 (A2261-BCG). A2261-BCG is a strong candidate for a recoiling black hole because of its large, flat stellar core, revealed by Hubble Space Telescope imaging observations. We took 100 ks observations with Chandra and combined it with 35 ks of archival observations to look for low-level accretion onto a black hole of expected mass

that could possibly be located in one of four off-center stellar knots near the galaxy’s center or else in the optical center of the galaxy or in the location of radio emission. We found no X-ray emission arising from a point source in excess of the cluster gas and can place limits on the accretion of any black hole in the central region to a 2–7 keV flux below

, corresponding to a bolometric Eddington fraction of about 10−6. Thus there is either no 1010

black hole in the core of A2261-BCG, or it is accreting at a low level. We also discuss the morphology of the X-ray emitting gas in the cluster and how its asymmetry is consistent with a large dynamic event.
CMB Cold Spot in the Planck Light
Authors: Farhang M. , Movahed S. M. S.
Published: January 2021

The Cold Spot, with an unusually cold region surrounded by a hot ring, is a statistically significant anomaly in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) sky. In this work we assess whether different sets of multiple subvoids based on the 2dF-VST ATLAS Cold Spot galaxy redshift survey or a collapsing cosmic texture could have produced such an anomaly through a simultaneous search for their gravitational redshift and lensing signatures on the Planck CMB temperature anisotropies. We use patches with radii R = 10° and R = 20° to account for the inner cold region as well as the outer hot ring. As the void model, we explore two sets of ΛLTB templates characterized by different values of the model’s free parameters, and a top-hat void template. We detect higher than expected gravitational redshift amplitudes for the first two sets,

and

, and lower than expected for the top-hat model,

. The amplitudes for the lensing imprint are consistent with zero for all these subvoid models. The estimated amplitude for the texture imprint from the gravitational redshift measurement implies the energy scale of the texture, parameterized by ϵ, to be ϵ = (7.6 ± 2.0) × 10−5, with no detection of the lensing trace. We note that the deviation of the subvoid amplitudes from unity and the inability of the texture and some of the void profiles to reproduce the hot ring indicate theoretical insufficiencies, either in the construction of the model or in the assumed gravitational and cosmological framework leading to the imprints for the structures.
The Impact of Kinetic Neutrals on the Heliotail
Authors: Michael A. T. , Opher M. , Tóth G. , Tenishev V. , Drake J. F.
Published: January 2021

The shape of the heliosphere is thought to resemble a long, comet tail, however, recently it has been suggested that the heliosphere is tailless with a two-lobe structure. The latter study was done with a three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic code, which treats the ionized and neutral hydrogen atoms as fluids. Previous studies that described the neutrals kinetically claim that this removes the two-lobe structure of the heliosphere. In this work, we use the newly developed Solar-wind with Hydrogen Ion Exchange and Large-scale Dynamics (SHIELD) model. SHIELD is a self-consistent kinetic-MHD model of the outer heliosphere that couples the MHD solution for a single plasma fluid from the BATS-R-US MHD code to the kinetic solution for neutral hydrogen atoms solved by the Adaptive Mesh Particle Simulator, a 3D, direct simulation Monte Carlo model that solves the Boltzmann equation. We use the same boundary conditions as our previous simulations using multi-fluid neutrals to test whether the two-lobe structure of the heliotail is removed with a kinetic treatment of the neutrals. Our results show that despite the large difference in the neutral hydrogen solutions, the two-lobe structure remains. These results are contrary to previous kinetic-MHD models. One such model maintains a perfectly ideal heliopause and does not allow for communication between the solar wind and interstellar medium. This indicates that magnetic reconnection or instabilities downtail play a role for the formation of the two-lobe structure.
The 1997-1998 Asian financial crisis: the case of Hong Kong
Authors: Esposito Marie-Claude
Published: January 2021

La décision de la Thaïlande de dévaluer le baht le 2 juillet 1997 déclencha une crise financière sans précédent dans les pays de l’Asie du Sud-Est, dont les systèmes bancaires et financiers souffraient de problèmes structurels, Hong Kong excepté. Toutefois, l’économie de Hong Kong fut très touchée par la crise financière. Cet article tente d’expliquer ce paradoxe.
The Lived Experience of Stress in Latinx Nursing Students: Implications for Recruitment and Retention
Authors: Rapoza Sarah K. , Gough Christy M. , McCall Darci J.
Published: January 2021

Background:

Health leadership groups have identified a need for more culturally competent nurses as a means to reduce health disparities. Nurses who identify as minorities are more likely to practice in underserved areas with minority populations, leading to more effective, culturally competent care. Despite efforts to increase the number of minority students graduating from nursing programs, the number remains disproportionately low and little is known about the specific experiences of the stressors experienced by these students.

Method:

This qualitative phenomenological study used focus group interviews to explore the lived experiences of stress in Latinx prelicensure nursing students.

Results:

Five main themes emerged: Stress of Coursework, School–Life Balance, Navigating Uncharted Territory, Feeling Unsupported, and Staying the Course.

Conclusion:

Findings help paint a picture of the experiences of Latinx students. Understanding the experiences of stress in Latinx nursing students can help to improve nursing recruitment and retainment efforts, which will increase the number of culturally competent nurses and ultimately help to reduce health disparities within the Latinx community.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;61(1):6–12.]
The Mentoring Experience: Perceptions of African American Nurse Leaders and Student Mentees
Authors: Nelson Yolanda , Mohan Arianna , Chahir Yasmin
Published: January 2021

Background:

The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of African American mentors and mentees about the mentorship experience and examine mentorship as a blueprint for success in a nursing school.

Method:

Using a concurrent nested mixed-method, purposeful, and criterion-sampling technique, we surveyed participants from a 4-year public institution's mentorship program about the impact of the program and its effects on college progression.

Results:

Four themes emerged from our analysis of the African American nursing students and the role of mentor-ship: challenges, desire for guidance, sharing of knowledge, and positive outcomes.

Conclusion:

On the basis of our findings, we developed a set of hypothetical practices involved in establishing mentorship programs and evaluated mentorship potential as a strategy to promote engagement and retention of African American undergraduate nursing students to increase diversity within the profession of nursing.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(1):25–28.]
Fate of Contaminants of Emerging Concern in a Sinkhole Lake, Florida, USA
Authors: Philip Van Beynen , Upton Ethan , Bialkowska-Jelinska Ela , Calcul Laurent
Published: January 2021

Highly karstified carbonate platforms such as Florida are characterized by rapid infiltration rates, highly permeable bedrock and the direct connection to the below aquifer through the high density of sinkholes. This combination of physical features makes the groundwater and aquifers highly vulnerable to contamination from synthetic chemicals commonly referred to as contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). The use of septic tanks, otherwise referred to as onsite water treatment systems (OWTS), promotes the introduction of CECs into the environment. In order to study the impacts of CECs from OWTS on a karst landscape, water, sediment, and vegetation samples were collected in a sinkhole lake surrounded by residential housing using this waste disposal method. The main question of this research project is what is the fate of CECs from OWTSs effluent within the catchment of a sinkhole lake? Liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry was used to analyze the samples for the presence of CECs. It was found that the relative quantity of CECs in the individual constituents is dependent upon 1) the hydrophobicity and polarity of the individual compound, 2) the specific sampling site, 3) the topography gradient, and 4) for vegetation, the connectedness of the sample type to the sediment. Hydrogeological studies have found that the sinkholes of the area are all connected to the below aquifer. Consequently, these CECs pose a risk of the contamination of the groundwater. This study is a temporal snapshot, that being the dry season of Florida which is most likely the time of lowest CEC contamination. It is imperative that sampling extend into the wet season when flushing of CECs from the OWTS may increase their concentrations in both the lake but also the aquifers especially since residents use well water as their source of potable water. While this study is based in Florida, we strongly suspect that our findings and recommendations are applicable more generally as OWTS are used throughout the many karst regions of the world.
The near-infrared dye IR-61 restores erectile function in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes modelvia mitochondrial protection
Authors: Yue Xiao-Feng , Shen Chong-Xing , Wang Jian-Wu , Dai Lin-Yong , Fang Qiang , Long Lei , Zhi Yi , Li Xue-Ru , Wang Ya-Wei , Shen Gu-Fang , Liu Zu-Juan , Shi Chun-Meng , Li Wei-Bing
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of IR-61, a novel mitochondrial heptamethine cyanine dye with antioxidant effects, on diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED). Eight-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce type 1 diabetes. Eight weeks after STZ injection, all rats were divided into three groups: the control group, DM group, and DM + IR-61 group. In the DM + IR-61 group, the rats were administered IR-61 (1.6 mg kg−1) twice a week by intravenous injection. At week 13, erectile function was evaluated by determining the ratio of the maximal intracavernous pressure to mean arterial pressure, and the penises were then harvested for fluorescent imaging, transmission electron microscopy, histological examinations, and Western blot analysis. Whole-body imaging suggested that IR-61 was highly accumulated in the penis after intravenous injection. IR-61 treatment significantly improved the maximal ICP of diabetic rats. Additionally, IR-61 ameliorated diabetes-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and phenotypic transition of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) in penile tissue. IR-61 also attenuated mitochondrial damage, reduced reactive oxygen species production in the corpus cavernosum and upregulated sirtuin1 (SIRT1), sirtuin3 (SIRT3), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase expression in penile tissue. In conclusion, IR-61 represents a potential therapeutic option for DMED by protecting the mitochondria of CCSMCs, which may be mediated by activation of the SIRT1, SIRT3, and Nrf2 pathways.
Transport distances for PDEs: the coupling method
Authors: Fournier Nicolas , Perthame Benoît
Published: January 2021

We informally reviewa fewPDEs for which some transport cost between pairs of solutions, possibly with some judicious cost function, decays: heat equation, Fokker–Planck equation, heat equation with varying coefficients, fractional heat equation with varying coefficients, homogeneous Boltzmann equation for Maxwell molecules, and some nonlinear integro-differential equations arising in neurosciences. We always use the same method, that consists in building a coupling between two solutions. This means that we double the variables and solve, globally in time, a well-chosen PDE posed on the Euclidean square of the physical space. Finally, although the above method fails, we recall a simple idea to treat the case of the porous media equation. We also introduce another method based on the dual Monge–Kantorovich problem.
Johnson homomorphisms
Authors: Hain Richard
Published: January 2021

Torelli groups are subgroups of mapping class groups that consist of those diffeomorphism classes that act trivially on the homology of the associated closed surface. The Johnson homomorphism, defined by Dennis Johnson, and its generalization, defined by S. Morita, are tools for understanding Torelli groups. This paper surveys work on generalized Johnson homomorphisms and tools for studying them. The goal is to unite several related threads in the literature and to clarify existing results and relationships among them using Hodge theory. We survey the work of Alekseev, Kawazumi, Kuno and Naef on the Goldman–Turaev Lie bialgebra, and the work of various authors on cohomological methods for determining the stable image of generalized Johnson homomorphisms. Various open problems and conjectures are included.

Even though the Johnson homomorphisms were originally defined and studied by topologists, they are important in understanding arithmetic properties of mapping class groups and moduli spaces of curves. We define arithmetic Johnson homomorphisms, which extend the generalized Johnson homomorphisms, and explain how the Turaev cobracket constrains their images.
Study of Cysts Biometry and Hatching Percentage of the Brine Shrimp Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Sebkha of Sidi El Hani (Tunisia) According to Successive Generations
Authors: Sellami Imene , Naceur Hachem Ben , Kacem Adnane
Published: January 2021

Artemia salina cysts harvested from the Sebkha of Sidi El Hani were hatched and cultivated in the laboratory. The obtained nauplii were acclimated at 90 ppt and fed with Dunaliella salina microalgae until the adult stage called generation 1 (G1) was reached. Ten couples were isolated and acclimated in the same conditions. Observations of the offspring lasted for a maximum of 60 days. Cysts obtained from G1 were collected and counted. Cyst diameter, chorion thickness and hatching percentage were established. Nauplii obtained from G1 were labelled G2. The third (G3) and the fourth (G4) generations were studied similarly. A significant variation of untreated cyst diameter between G1 (234.7±14.1 µm) and the subsequent generations, notably G3 (210.9±14 µm) were registered. Decapsulated cyst diameter delayed significantly from 218.5±12.8 (G1) to 190.8±10.1 (G3). The chorion thickness ranged between 8.1 (G1) and 10.5 (G2). Therefore, an interesting boost of untreated cysts hatching percentage was observed from 69±2.3% (G1) to 76±3.7% (G4). These results highlighted the variability of cyst diameter across successive generations, even cultivated under laboratory scale. An improvement of hatching quality was detected when environmental conditions became favorable.
Impact of Using Parallel Text Strategy on Teaching Reading to Intermediate II Level Students
Authors: Abdallah Andira
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of parallel reading text (English and Arabic) on English as a Foreign language (EFL) Intermediate II level students’ at Birzeit University in terms of reading comprehension, vocabulary retention, and sentence structure awareness. The sample for this study is 38 undergraduate students of the aforementioned level in two class sections during the fall semester of 2019-2020. One reading text from the course textbook was selected for this experimental study. The controlled group was instructed with an English only reading text while the experimental group used a parallel text of the same reading passage. A pretest on the reading text was used as an instrument to measure the reading skills of vocabulary, reading comprehension, and sentence structure prior to teaching the text for both sections. Six weeks later, a post-test was administered to both groups to assess the impact of parallel reading text in comparison to monolingual English text on students’ reading skills. Results of the post-test showed an increase in the average scores of both groups. There was a noticeable increase of the average scores in the vocabulary section and sentence structure awareness of the post-test among students of the experimental group compared to the average scores of their peers in the controlled group. Nevertheless, the results did not reveal a significant difference between using the two techniques in regard to reading comprehension and sentence structure awareness.
Assumptions for Developing the Critical Sense through the Teaching and Learning Process
Authors: Marques Ronualdo , Xavier Claudia Regina
Published: January 2021

The teaching and learning process enables reflections on social and environmental contexts, among others, which directly interferes and in our lives and in the formation of critical sense, contributing to the change in behavior and attitudes in relation to the various relationships in the environment we inhabit. It is classified as a bibliographic study that was carried out from the teaching and learning process as an instrument in the teaching process in which it could point out elements for the identification and analysis of the dichotomy between (a) criticality and criticality, the transition from common sense to critical thinking and the elucidation of critical sense in the educational process. This study certifies the importance of interaction and inter-relationship of learning and the role of the teacher, for the manifestation of students' critical thinking, in which educators have a strategic and decisive role in school daily life, qualifying students for a critical position in the face of the numerous problems that afflict society today, with the horizon of transforming social habits and practices and forming a citizenship that mobilizes them to the issue of preservation and care for others in its most comprehensive meaning.
Flipped Classroom: Success with First Year Mathematics Students
Authors: Shukla Nehal J. , Mcinnis Elizabeth
Published: January 2021

In the modern era of internet and social media, teachers are pursuing new methods to integrate online resources and techniques into their curriculum and flipped classroom instruction model has been their response to this heightened digital migration. Despite this high amount of interest, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of classroom flipping in mathematics on student academic outcomes. Specifically, no rigorous studies of the effects of flipping a mathematics course on students’ mathematical understandings, course satisfaction and student’s success appear in the literature. This study aims to understand the effectiveness of flipped classroom in first year undergraduate mathematics students at university level by measuring student’s success via (1) students’ overall course satisfaction (2) students’ pre and post-test grade and (3) student’s pass rate. Our study showed improved student’s perception of course satisfaction and improved final grades (post-test compared to pre-test). We noticed some improvement in pass rate of flipped classroom students compared to non-flipped classroom students, but it was not statistically significant. We recommend future studies to see if this student’s success transforms into improvement in student’s attrition, retention, progression and graduation rate.
Work Patterns and Financing College: A Descriptive Regional Report regarding Students at Hispanic-Serving Institutions in New Mexico and Texas
Authors: Ramos Jorje , Rodin Jason , Preuss Michael , Sosa Eric , Dorsett Christine , Burleson Chenoa
Published: January 2021

College students at 14 Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs) in New Mexico and Texas were surveyed about their experiences in and perceptions of higher education. Three primary foci were students’ employment status, work commitments, and means of financing college. Most of the informants reported working while in college and, similar to previously reported national averages, 69.4% of the informants were actively employed. Twice as many of the actively employed informants worked off campus as on campus and over three-quarters of employed students reported working part-time. There were no significance differences in these areas by gender, ethnicity, or even when broken out as Latinas, Latinos, non-Hispanic females and non-Hispanic males but students of non-traditional age reported a work commitment at significantly higher levels. For hours of work per week, there were also no significant differences by gender, ethnicity, and for the four possible subsets (Latinas, Latinos, etc.) but being a non-traditional aged student and being married/cohabiting were associated with working more hours at statistically significant levels. Students at the HSIs in New Mexico also reported more hours of work at statistically significant levels. Differences by gender, ethnicity, age, relational status, and state were found for means of funding college.
COVID-19 from the Perspective of Preschool Prospective Teachers: What Can We Do for Children?
Authors: Atabey Derya
Published: January 2021

The current study was carried out to determine the problems that preschool children experience during COVID-19 and also what could be done from perspectives of preschool prospective teachers. The working group of the study was made up of 45 projects prepared by 15 preschool prospective teachers attending to the midterm exam of lecture of “Practices of social service” in Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Faculty of Education, Department of Preschool Education.  As a data collection tool, the project preparation form (A unstructured survey form) that was prepared by the researcher was used.  The study was carried out qualitative research methods and the projects comprising the working group of the study were analyzed with content analysis technique. At the end of the study, the problems that preschool children might experience in the pandemic period, the purposes to decrease these problems to minimum, the concepts and values to be attained and recommendations for projects were determined. Various recommendations were made in line with the findings obtained.
UWE c. Europe: Marie Curie s’en va-t-en guerre!
Authors: Brillat Manuela
Published: January 2021

Le dépôt en 2016 de 15 réclamations collectives par UWE dirigées contre différents États européens n’était pas passé inaperçu. Dans les décisions rendues publiques le 29 juin 2020, le Comité européen des droits sociaux (CEDS) offre une clef de lecture organisée et cohérente indiquant clairement les étapes du raisonnement en matière d’égalité professionnelle. Pour la première fois, le CEDS systématise les obligations à la charge de l’État tant du point de vue de la rémunération que de l’accession des femmes aux postes décisionnels. Cependant, la notion de « progrès mesurables » pourtant essentielle au raisonnement en matière de droits sociaux a un poids hétérogène en fonction de l’aspect analysé. À ne pas l’appliquer rigoureusement, le CEDS risque de donner le flan à ceux qui défendent encore l’injusticiabilité des droits sociaux comme caractéristique intrinsèque.
La fina línea entre el cuidador no profesional y el cuidador profesional de las personas en situación de dependencia antes y después del COVID-19
Authors: Martín Valés Priscila
Published: January 2021

La figura del cuidador no profesional de personas dependientes ha sido delimitada por el legislador recientemente, sin embargo, todavía queda mucho camino por andar. Las actividades de cuidado y en mayor medida las no profesionales, han recaído de forma mayoritaria en las mujeres, disminuyendo y, en su caso, suprimiendo los derechos sociales de los que gozan los cuidadores profesionales. 

Este sector claramente feminizado se ha visto incrementado exponencialmente a raíz de la crisis sanitaria provocada por la pandemia Covid-19, además de suspenderse las reformas para que dicha figura obtuviera una mayor necesidad de regulación y protección social.