bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El Marco más humano
Authors: Rodríguez Vargas Ramiro
Published: December 2024

Parodiando el título del poemario El grito más humano, de Jorge Debravo, entrañable amigo de Marco Aguilar, en este artículo el escritor y periodista Ramiro Rodríguez aporta valiosos elementos de la cotidianeidad de Aguilar en su natal Turrialba. En él se le puede captar en el taller de radioelectrónica en que trabajaba, en el emblemático restaurante La Feria, o caminando por las calles de la ciudad, siempre departiendo, gentil y noble, con la gente.
Marco Aguilar y La Feria
Authors: Barahona Camacho Roberto
Published: December 2024

Además del atractivo por sus buenos platillos, por decisión de su dueño, el chef Roberto Barahona, por muchos años el hoy extinto restaurante La Feria fungió como un espacio cultural clave para el cantón de Turrialba. Fue así como, además de galería de arte popular, propició frecuentes encuentros literarios y recitales de poesía, en los que Marco Aguilar siempre estuvo presente, como lo detalla Barahona en el presente artículo.
Caracterización del fruto de 46 cultivares de mango (Mangifera indica) en Alajuela, Costa Rica
Authors: Monge-Pérez José Eladio , Loría-Coto Michelle
Published: December 2024

Se evaluaron algunas características del fruto de 46 cultivares de mango (Mangifera indica), en Alajuela, Costa Rica, tanto a nivel cualitativo (dos variables) como cuantitativo (ocho variables).  Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre cultivares, para siete variables cuantitativas.  Se obtuvo una amplia variabilidad en cuanto a las características del fruto:  longitud (74,50-146,20 mm), ancho (59,98-116,28 mm), grosor (58,08-104,80 mm), relación longitud/ancho (0,81-2,02), relación longitud/grosor (0,90-2,01), relación ancho/grosor (0,97-1,21), volumen relativo (262,33-1287,05 cm3), y porcentaje de sólidos solubles totales (12,0-20,0 °Brix).  La información generada es útil para los productores de mango, en el proceso de selección del cultivar apropiado para su nicho de mercado.
Reutilización de baterías de litio: un estudio integral sobre oportunidades, regulaciones y perspectivas en Alemania y Costa Rica
Authors: Denz Emily , Morales-Hernández Sergio
Published: December 2024

Este proyecto de investigación pone un fuerte énfasis en la reutilización de baterías de iones de litio como elemento central en la transición hacia una energía neutral en carbono. Se describen en detalle los aspectos técnicos, legales y financieros de estos procesos en Alemania para proporcionar una comprensión integral de las prácticas de reutilización y reciclaje de las baterías de litio. Se presta una atención especial a la reutilización de grandes baterías, con ejemplos concretos de la situación en Alemania. También se abordan los potenciales y desafíos relacionados con las baterías más pequeñas, señalando que en Alemania la reutilización de baterías de iones de litio de dispositivos pequeños no parece ser económicamente rentable. Una contribución significativa de este trabajo es la presentación del enfoque alemán como un modelo inspirador para países en desarrollo como Costa Rica. Se destaca la posibilidad de aplicar estos procesos en una escala menor, especialmente para dispositivos más pequeños. La idea es que el enfoque alemán puede servir como guía para el uso sostenible de baterías de iones de litio en países que aún se encuentran en fase de desarrollo. En resumen, este proyecto contribuye a crear conciencia sobre la importancia de la reutilización de baterías de iones de litio en el contexto de la transición energética y presenta ejemplos concretos, así como posibles aplicaciones para países en desarrollo, contribuyendo así a la sostenibilidad global.
Infraestructura verde para el control pluvial como medida de adaptación al cambio climático
Authors: Borge-Leandro David
Published: December 2024

El presente trabajo surgió de la necesidad de una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva sobre infraestructura verde para el control de escorrentía, siendo que en el ámbito de la construcción verde y sostenible, es muy necesario disponer de información validada de los beneficios de este tipo de soluciones basadas en la naturaleza. Para la comunidad científica es muy valioso conocer las nuevas tendencias, las diferentes tipologías y las soluciones que pueden ser implementadas en el trópico americano o bien los vació de información científica como punto de partida de nuevos procesos de investigación y desarrollo. Como abordaje metodológico se analizaron bases de datos de Scopus y Web of Science, utilizando 1138 publicaciones científicas de todas ellas no se registró ni una sola publicación en otro idioma que no fuera inglés o chino mandarín esto por medio del paquete Bibliometrix de R. Los principales resultados obtenidos en este trabajo fueron los siguientes, eficiencia en la combinación de diferentes tipologías, falta de investigación registrada en las bases de datos consultadas para la Latinoamérica, existencia de autores de origen latinoamericano sin embargo sus investigaciones son en otras latitudes. Como conclusión general se requiere más investigación desde la región latinoamericana en idioma inglés dentro de las bases de datos más importantes.
JEZIČKI PEJZAŽ MAKEDONACA U VOJVODINI
Authors: Radić-Bojanić Biljana , Sokolovska Valentina
Published: December 2024

Cilj ovog rada je da istražimo jezički pejzaž Makedonaca u Vojvodini na osnovu analizeupotrebe jezika u javnom prostoru tri mesta gde žive Makedonci: Jabuke, Kačareva iPlandišta, te poređenja zatečenog stanja na terenu sa pravnim okvirom Republike Srbije, tj.zakonima koji regulišu upotrebu manjinskih jezika u službenim kontekstima. Pored toga,ispitujemo da li je makedonski jezik prisutan u javnom prostoru samo na službenimnatpisima čiji je izgled zakonski regulisan ili se mogu naći i primeri privatne upotrebe, štoje jedan od pokazatelja vitalnosti manjinskog jezika (ali svakako ne i jedini). Tokomterenskog istraživanja prikupile smo korpus od oko sto fotografija, a potom smo detaljnomanalizom došle do zaključka da je makedonski jezik prisutan samo u domenu službeneupotrebe, dok je pronađen samo jedan primer privatne upotrebe u sva tri mesta, što svedočio izuzetno velikom stepenu asimilacije Makedonaca u lokalnu sredinu.
И НАСТАВА И НАУКА
Authors: Крунић Бојан
Published: December 2024

Издавачка продукција Филозофског факултета у Новом Садуобогатила је 2020. године факултетску уџбеничку библиографијупубликацијом Привреда у средњовековној Србији: уџбеник за студентеисторије. Ауторка нареченог уџбеника је Снежана Божанић, редовнапрофесорица Филозофског факултета Универзитета у Новом Саду. У фокусуњеног интересовања нашла се једна врло комплексна и важна тема без чијегсавладавања је практично немогуће разумијевање сложених процеса уразвоју нашег друштва, не само током средњег века већ и у нареднимпериодима. Та чињеница довољно говори о важности и значају реализованогподухвата.
ВАЖНИЈЕ ОСОБИНЕ ВОКАЛИЗМА СРПСКИХ ГОВОРА ОКОЛИНЕ ШИПОВА
Authors: Цукут Слађана
Published: December 2024

У раду се приказују важније вокалске особине говорa околине Шипова – артикулација, супституције и редукције пет правих вокала, те дистрибуција слоготворних сонаната. Грађа показује да се вокализам ових говора у основи не разликује од стања у другим ближим или даљим сродним говорима, с тим што су неке особине у односу на друге говоре сјеверозападног огранка херцеговачко-крајишког дијалекта мање или више изразите.
ХИПОТАКТИЧКЕ СТРУКТУРЕ ЗА ИСКАЗИВАЊЕ ТЕМПОРАЛНИХ ОДНОСА У ДЕЛУ СТЕФАНИТ И ИХНИЛАТ: ФИЛОЛОШКА И ФУНКЦИОНАЛНОСТИЛСКА АНАЛИЗА
Authors: Бајић Весна
Published: December 2024

У овом раду анализирају се хипотактичке структуре којима се исказују темпорални односи, како у сфери темпоралне идентификације, тако и у сфери темпоралне квантификације, у делу Стефанит и Ихнилат, које припада корпусу српскословенске преводне књижевности. Истраживање се спроводи на тексту који представља најмлађи препис овога дела, који потиче из XVII века. Непосредан предмет истраживања представљају номинална и вербална средства у функционално-семантичком пољу темпоралности. Утврђује се степен заступљености и конкурентни однос партиципа у функцији герунда, конструкције апсолутни датив и реченице уведене везницима који упућују на временску семантику, а који могу бити књишког или вернакуларног порекла. Такође, посматрају се огрешења о норму српскословенског језика при употреби номиналних средстава, која се јављају под утицајем старосрпског језика, као и начин организовања реченичног садржаја, који у делима профаног карактера може бити нестилизован, по угледу на разговорни језик, а све у циљу правилног дефинисања функционалног стила датог дела. Резултати синтаксичко-семантичке анализе исказани су квантитативно, а конкурентни однос средстава релацијски. У циљу прецизнијег одређења карактера језика и стила проучаваног дела врши се поређење добијених резултата са резултатима анализе других споменика српскословенске писмености.
Иако је синтаксичка норма српскословенског језика у делима сакралног карактера углавном позната, синтакса дела која припадају профаној сфери још увек није довољно истражена; тренутно је у фази подробне анализе. Стога се резултати истраживања спроведеног у овом раду могу сматрати скромним доприносом познавању српскословенске хипотаксе у делима профаног карактера.
Intervenção em funções executivas para adolescentes em contexto familiar: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Santos Fábio Leandro , Leon Camila Barbosa Riccardi
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Investigar a eficácia de intervenções voltadas para o aprimoramento das funções executivas (FEs) entre adolescentes no contexto familiar, uma área pouco explorada na literatura existente.
Métodos: O estudo realizou uma revisão sistemática da literatura publicada de 2009 a 2020, utilizando bases de dados como PUBMED, SciELO e ERIC. Palavras-chave relacionadas a funções executivas, adolescentes e treinamento parental foram utilizadas para filtrar estudos relevantes.
Resultados: Dos 4.668 estudos inicialmente encontrados, 18 foram selecionados para revisão detalhada, embora nenhum tenha atendido completamente aos critérios de inclusão. Os estudos revisados eram observacionais, focados em avaliar as FEs dos adolescentes em relação ao comportamento dos pais, ao ambiente doméstico e à genética, em vez de intervenções diretas.
Conclusão: Existe uma lacuna notável em estudos experimentais que abordem o envolvimento dos pais no desenvolvimento das FEs em adolescentes. A revisão destaca a necessidade de pesquisas futuras para fornecer aos pais o conhecimento e as ferramentas necessárias para apoiar o desenvolvimento das FEs de seus filhos.
Visão dos profissionais e gestores de saúde sobre a implantação do banco de leite humano em um hospital militar
Authors: Macedo Claudia da Silva Dias , Alves Valdecyr Herdy , Rodrigues Diego Pereira , Vieira Bianca Dargam Gomes , Ferreira Ediane de Andrade , Branco Maria Bertilla Lutterbach Riker , Silva Brenda Caroline Martins da
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Conhecer as percepções dos profissionais e gestores de saúde em relação à implantação do banco de leite humano em um hospital da marinha brasileira do Rio de Janeiro. Método: Estudo descritivo, exploratório, qualitativo com a realização de entrevista semiestruturada entre novembro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022. Participaram 47 profissionais e gestores de saúde de um hospital da marinha brasileira do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram transcritos na íntegra e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: O banco de leite constitui um espaço de coleta, pasteurização, controle de qualidade, armazenamento. Além disso, tem uma equipe multiprofissional cuja atuação é voltada para os benefícios do leite humano para o bebê e as intercorrências da amamentação para a mãe. Considerações finais: A articulação com a proposta do banco de leite alinha-se com a visão dos profissionais e gestores de saúde de garantir a implantação na unidade militar.
Saberes e práticas de cuidado de gestantes com hipertensão
Authors: Lamberty Moraes Rafaela , Prates Lisie Alende , Mendes Lipinski Jussara , Oliveira Cherubim Daiani , Pereira Knapp Láisa Emannuele
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Analisar os saberes e as práticas de cuidados desenvolvidas por gestantes com hipertensão. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida na Atenção Primária, com dez gestantes hipertensas. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista semiestruturada individual e submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Embora as gestantes reconheçam a hipertensão como condição de alto risco, elas demonstraram conhecimento básico e superficial. Esse agravo demandou práticas de cuidado, como exercício físico, alimentação saudável, redução do sal nas refeições, aumento da ingesta hídrica, controle pressórico diário e uso correto das medicações anti-hipertensivas. Considerações finais: As fragilidades identificadas nos saberes das gestantes indicam a necessidade de fomentar ações de educação em saúde e prevenção de agravos, as quais podem contribuir também para maior adesão às práticas de cuidados.
UJI PERBANDINGAN BAHAN BAKU BRIKET TERHADAP KUALITAS BRIKET ARANG SHISHA
Authors: Rusdianto Andrew Setiawan , Lathifa Anisa Millatul , Choiron Miftahul
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menegetahui karakteristik nilai kalor, kadar air, kadar abu, zat terbang, dan laju pembakaran  dari setiap variasi campuran briket dan bahan bakar yang berkualitas. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode eksperimental dengan analisis data berupa deskriptif kuantitatif. Pemilihan briket yang terbaik dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Composite Performance Index (CPI). Pada penelitian digunakan bahan baku dengan prbandingan yang berbeda yaitu tempurung kelapa 60%, tongkol jagung 60%, serbuk kayu jati 60%, dan ampas tebu 60%. Perekat yang digunakan ialah perekat tepung tapioka sebanyak 10% dari berat bahan baku, dengan ukuran ayakan 100 mesh dan penekanan 100 kg/cm2. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh nilai kalor dari semua perlakuan berkisar antara 5268,51-6009,20 kal/gr, kadar air berkisar antara 6,07-6,84%, kadar abu berkisar antara 5,69-13,76, zat terbang berkisar antara 78,54-87,87%, dan laju pembakaran berkisar antara 0,0176-0,0191%. Nilai CPI briket dengan komposisi dari yang terbaik hingga yang terendah secara berurutan ialah pada perlakuan P1 yaitu sebesar 100,21, perlakuan P2 sebesar 92,22, perlakuan P3 sebesar 90,94, dan pada perlakuan P4 yaitu 86,39.
İlk Dönem Mezunu Aday Din Görevlilerinin Gözünden Diyanet Akademisi İmam-Hatip Eğitiminin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Yildiz Emre , Çinemre Semra
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada yeni bir uygulama olan Diyanet Akademisi eğitimini tamamlamış olan ilk dönem mezunu imam-hatiplerin, adaylıkları sürecinde aldıkları eğitime ilişkin görüş ve değerlendirmelerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmanın temel problem cümlesi “İlk dönem mezunu aday din görevlileri Diyanet Akademisi imam-hatip eğitimini nasıl değerlendirmektedir?” şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması tercih edilmiştir. Çalışma grubu maksimum çeşitlilik ve kartopu örnekleme teknikleri ile seçilen Diyanet Akademisi’nin ilk dönem mezunu 14 imam-hatiptir. Görüşmeler 2024 yılının Haziran ve Temmuz aylarında gerçekleştiril-miştir. Araştırmanın sonunda katılımcıların çoğunluğunun Akademi eğitiminin genel itibarıyla verimli geçtiği kanaatinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların önemli bir kesimi, aday imam-hatip programında yer alan ders çeşitliliğini mesleğe hazırlık açısından genel itibarıyla uygun/yeterli bulmakla birlikte programın geliştirilmesi gerektiğini ifade etmektedir. Katılımcıların önemli çoğunluğu, Akademi’de ders veren öğreticilerin alan bilgisi açısından yeterli olduğu, ancak bunu aktarma bilgi ve becerisi yönünden verimli olamadığı kanaatindedir. Katılımcıların eğitim süreçlerine ilişkin en büyük memnuniyetsizliklerinin ise motivasyon konusu olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda Akademi eğitim süreçlerinin geliştirilmesine dönük birtakım öneriler ortaya konulmuştur. Bu yönüyle, güncel ve önemli bir konuyu ele alan çalışmanın ortaya koyduğu sonuçlarla gerek Akademi eğitim süreçlerinin geliştirilmesine gerekse din eğitimi literatürüne katkı sunması beklenmektedir.
An Integrated SVM-LSTM Method for VPP Resource Classification and Load Forecasting in Real-time Market Trading
Authors: Zhao He , Hou Yucheng , Lin Zhifa , Cao Xin , Yu Xiao
Published: December 2024

The operation of virtual power plants in the electricity market requires handling complex resource scheduling and market trading decision-making problems. The research aims to enhance the participation efficiency and responsiveness of virtual power plants in the electricity market and solve practical operational challenges by improving market trading strategies. Therefore, a resource grading model based on improved support vector machine was developed. The model is optimized using adaptive synthetic sampling, principal component analysis, and deep clustering algorithms. In addition, an improved long short-term memory network is utilized to achieve ultra short-term load forecasting. The results showed that the recall rate and F1 mean of the resource grading model based on the improved support vector machine algorithm were as high as 81.07% and 85.41%, respectively. The average prediction error of the improved long short-term memory neural network algorithm is 0.35%, and the maximum error is only 0.62%. In the basic scenario, the maximum deviation between the declared amount of backup auxiliary services based on load adjustable capacity prediction and the actual amount is only 88.62 kW. The method proposed by the research institute has significant advantages in improving the efficiency and responsiveness of virtual power plant market participation, which is conducive to promoting the overall economic benefits of virtual power plants in the electricity market.
Satellite-Based Detection of Farmland Manuring Using Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Marzi David , Dell'Acqua Fabio
Published: December 2024

In agriculture, manuring offers several benefits, which include improving soil fertility by adding essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It enhances soil structure, promoting better water retention and aeration, which positively impacts plant growth. Additionally, manuring can suppress certain plant diseases and pests, contributing to healthier crops. However, improper handling and application of manure can pose risks, such as the spread of pathogens and water pollution. To mitigate these risks, it is crucial to follow proper storage and composting practices, but also to observe correct application periods and techniques. Spaceborne Earth observation can contribute to monitor manuring, which helps mapping possible derived risks; however, manure detection from satellite data is still an open problem. The aim of this research work is an automated, Machine Learning (ML-)based approach, to detecting manure application on crop fields in time sequences of space-borne, multi-spectral optical Earth Observation data. Among a group of different spectral indexes extracted from multispectral satellite acquisitions, those most impacted by manure application have been identified, and used to train and test various Machine Learning models. This led to discover that the spectral signature of manure application learnt from the concerned training data cannot be easily transferred to different contexts. On the other hand, integrating thermal data allows to improve accuracy, despite possible thermal to multi-spectral sampling mismatch in time series. The addition of radar data offered instead no significant contribution to system performances. The identified method is the first step towards large-scale, consistent monitoring of manure application to check compliance with environmental regulations.
Exploring How Adipose Tissue, Obesity, and Gender Influence the Immune Response to Vaccines: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Authors: De Sanctis Juan Bautista , Balda Noria German , Garcia Alexis Hipolito
Published: December 2024

Vaccines represent an essential tool in the prevention of infectious diseases. Upon administration, a complex interaction occurs between the vaccine formulation and the recipient's immune system, ultimately resulting in protection against disease. Significant variability exists in individual and population responses to vaccination, and these differences remain the focus of ongoing research. Notably, well-documented factors such as age, gender, and genetic predisposition influence immune responses. In contrast, the effects of overweight and obesity have not been as thoroughly investigated. Evidence indicates that high body mass index (BMI) constitutes a significant risk factor for infections in general, with adipose tissue playing a crucial role in modulating the immune response. Furthermore, suboptimal levels of vaccine seroconversion have been observed among individuals with obesity. This review provides a plausible examination of the immunity and protection conferred by various vaccines in individuals with overweight status, offering a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms to enhance vaccination efficiency.
“Investigating the Impact of Techno-Pedagogical Competence on Teacher Effectiveness and Student Outcomes Across Diverse Educational Contexts”
Authors: Mondal Prodeep Kumar
Published: December 2024

Technological pedagogical competence, embedded within the framework of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), is recognised as essential to successful teaching in today's digital world. Design/methodology/approach – The study investigates the effects of techno-pedagogical skills on teacher performance and student outcomes in primary, secondary and higher-secondary educational levels reflecting diverse socio-demographics. The study uses a mixed-method approach with the data collected from 500 teachers in both urban and rural areas of Andaman & Nicobar Island. This study presents techno-pedagogical competence, teacher training and support in school as predictors of the perceived benefits against Techno stress. The quantitative data is further enriched with qualitative field notes garnered from interviews of teachers, providing a more holistic picture of how these competencies may translate into classroom dynamics and student engagement.The study reveals that due to better resource availability and professional development opportunities, the urban teachers have higher techno pedagogical competency than their rural counterparts with high levels of pedagogical content knowledge. The results suggest that sufficient school support occupies a central position in the management and minimization of techno stress and the improvement of techno-pedagogical affinities. In the final section, the study recommends some changes to TE programs and certain policies that can enhance supportive structures in schools.
Stock Market Prediction and Forecasting Using Historical Data
Authors: Saipidinov Zhusupbek , Isaev Ruslan , Gimaletdinova Gulnaz
Published: December 2024

Stock market prediction is a critical area of financial research that aims to forecast future price movements of stocks using historical data, economic indicators, and advanced machine learning algorithms. This thesis focuses on utilizing the dataset titled "Stock Market Prediction & Forecasting" from Kaggle to develop predictive models capable of generating accurate market forecasts. The study investigates various methodologies, including time series analysis, feature engineering, and the application of machine learning techniques such as Random Forest, XGBoost, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. Results demonstrate the feasibility of achieving meaningful insights into stock price trends, enabling investors and analysts to make informed decisions.
How Information Evolves
Authors: Adler Dan
Published: December 2024

The emergence of complexity and information is a fundamental question spanning disciplines from physics to biology and computation. While traditional approaches describe information as an emergent property, they leave unresolved how complexity arises dynamically from purely abiotic processes. This paper presents ABC systems, an abstract framework that models the evolution of patterns through probabilistic interactions and stability-driven selection. By abstracting away specific physical laws, these systems demonstrate a universal mechanism for generating order and information. ABC systems evolve patterns over successive generations, with selection pressures favoring stable configurations that persist and interact more frequently. These dynamics encode logic, computational rules, and even self-replicating behaviors, providing insights into the transition from abiotic to biotic evolution. The framework also highlights the interplay between top-down and bottom-up causality, illustrating how emergent patterns recursively influence their formation while being shaped by local interactions. This study offers a computationally realizable pathway to bridge randomness and complexity. It connects entropy reduction, emergent computation, and dynamic information storage, revealing a route for systems to transition from disordered states to ordered, low-entropy configurations capable of encoding and processing information.
Enhancing Risk Assessment with Generative Models
Authors: Yussupov Asadbek , Isaev Ruslan
Published: December 2024

Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) is one of the most popular risk measures in finance, used in risk management as a complementary measure to Value-at-Risk (VaR). VaR estimates potential losses within a given confidence level, such as 95% or 99%, but does not account for tail risks. CVaR addresses this gap by calculating the expected losses exceeding the VaR threshold, providing a more comprehensive risk assessment for extreme events. This research explores the application of Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPM) to enhance CVaR calculations. Traditional CVaR methods often fail to capture tail events accurately, whereas DDPMs generate a wider range of market scenarios, improving the estimation of extreme risks. However, these models require significant computational resources and may present interpretability challenges.
Comparison of Antioxidant Enzyme Activities between Tylosema esculentum and Tylosema fassoglense in Response to Water Deficit
Authors: Ali Ali Elnaeim Elbasheir , Basson Gerhard , Akanbi Musa Oyebowale , Keyster Eden , Barker Adele Mariska , Mbuyiswa Afika-amazizi Naledi , Bless Yoneal , Majola Anelisa , Mhari Ruvimbo , Keyster Marshall , Grossniklaus Ueli , Egbichi Ifeanyi Moses , Ludidi Ndiko
Published: December 2024

Africa – like the rest of the world – periodically experiences drought, which may become further exacerbated because of climate change, leading to severe impacts on crop production and food security in the region. The genus Tylosema consists of five distinct species, namely T. humifusum, T. argentum, T. angolense, T. esculentum, and T. fassoglense. Tylosema fassoglense (Schweinf.) Torre & Hillc. has the widest distribution across Africa in diverse habitats, while Tylosema esculentum (Burch.) A. Schreib. is limited to arid regions in southern Africa. T. fassoglense holds unique nutritional composition and bioactive properties, and thus could offer unique uses that are not found in T. esculentum. Consequently, enhancing drought tolerance in T. fassoglense can contribute to food security and sustain its medicinal applications and thus mitigate the impacts of climate change on vulnerable populations in the region. The present study aimed at comparing the physiological and biochemical responses between the two species to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of differences in drought tolerance between T. esculentum and T. fassoglense. We compared water status, growth performance, oxidative stress levels as well as the responses of selected antioxidant components under water deficit in the two species. Our results showed that the water deficit caused higher reductions in leaf water potential and relative water content in T. fassoglense than in T. esculentum, which translated to a higher loss of leaf and root fresh weights in T. fassoglense than in T. esculentum. A higher increase in free proline content, hydrogen peroxide content and lipid peroxidation level were observed in T. fassoglense when compared to T. esculentum. Distinct differences were observed in the antioxidant enzyme activities for superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase between these two species in response to water deficit. The observed differences in antioxidant enzyme responses demonstrate their role in the differences in water deficit tolerance between the two species. Further detailed ‘omics’-based analyses will aid in understanding the molecular basis of drought responses in these two species and potentially towards improving drought tolerance in T. fassoglense.
Cannabinoids Activate Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response and Promote the Death of Avian Retinal Müller Cells in Culture
Authors: Ventura Ana Lúcia Marques , Silva Thayane Martins , França Guilherme Rapozeiro
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Activation of cannabinoid CB1 or CB2 receptors induces the death of glial progenitors from the chick retina in culture. Here, by using an enriched retinal glial cell culture, we characterized some mechanisms underlying glial death promoted by cannabinoids. Methods and Results: Retinal cultures obtained from chick embryos with 8 days (E8) and maintained for 12-15 days (C12-15) were used. MTT assays revealed that the CB1/CB2 agonist WIN-55,212-2 (WIN) decreased cell viability in the cultures in a time-dependent manner, with a concomitant increase in extracellular LDH activity, suggesting membrane integrity loss. Cell death was also dose-dependently induced by cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and CP55940, another CB1/CB2 agonist. WIN-treated cultures showed glial cells with large vacuoles in cytoplasm that were absent in cultures incubated with WIN plus 4-phenyl-butyrate (PBA), a chemical chaperone. Since cannabinoids induced the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2-alfa (eIF2α), these results suggest a process of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) swelling and stress. Incubation of the cultures with WIN for 4 h induced a ~5-fold increase in the number of cells labeled with the ROS indicator CM-H2DCFDA. WIN induced the phosphorylation of JNK, but not of p38 in the cultures and also induced an increase in the number of glial cells expressing cleaved-caspase 3 (c-CASP3). The decrease in cell viability and the expression of c-CASP3 was blocked by salubrinal, an inhibitor of eIF2α dephosphorylation. Conclusion: These data suggest that cannabinoids induce the apoptosis of glial cells in culture by promoting ROS production, ER stress, JNK phosphorylation and caspase-3 processing.
Structural Violence and the Effects of the Patriarchal Structure on the Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder: A Critical Study Using IVISEM and BSL-23
Authors: Valero Elena , Paillet Alicia , Ciudad Victor , Aparicio-García Marta E.
Published: December 2024

This study explores the relationship between Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) symptoms, meas-11 ured using the BSL-23, and experiences of covert social violence, assessed via the IVISEM scale and an open-12 ended survey. Results highlight significant emotional intensity in participants, particularly related to shame 13 and vulnerability, suggesting these emotions are linked to structural violence, including covert social vio-14 lence. Biological explanations for emotionality, such as references to "hormonal" changes and "menstruation," 15 reinforce the idea that women's intense emotions are natural, overlooking broader societal factors. The results 16 increase the need for psychological approaches that address both the symptoms of BPD and the impact of 17 societal and structural violence on women's emotional health. The study sample underscores the main idea 18 of the study: BPD is predominantly diagnosed in women, which underlines the need to rethink diagnostic 19 tools and professional interventions. The qualitative data show how women's emotionality is often patholo-20 gized through gender stereotypes, with terms such as "crazy" and "intense. This suggests the importance of a 21 feminist critique of the BSL-23, advocating for a reevaluation of how emotional symptoms are interpreted, 22 considering gendered societal pressures and the impact of covert violence on women’s mental health.
Adaptive Laboratory Evolution and Carbon/Nitrogen Imbalance Promote High-Yield Ammonia Release in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Pessina Alex , Giancontieri Anna , Sassi Tommaso , Busti Stefano , Vanoni Marco , Brambilla Luca
Published: December 2024

Ammonia is one of the primary chemical commodities produced and is widely used as a fertilizer, with increasing interest as an energy storage vector. The primary method for producing ammonia today, the Haber-Bosch process, requires large amounts of energy and resources. Microbial production of ammonia is being developed and could provide more sustainable alternatives. No success has been achieved in using natural yeast cells. This paper reports that growing different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains in a carbon/nitrogen unbalanced rich-protein medium results in limited ammonia secretion. Through adaptive laboratory evolution of the CEN.PK 113-7D strain, we selected an evolved strain with a 5-fold increase in ammonia excretion and amino acid utilization. Multi-step bioreactor fermentation of the evolved strain allowed the production of 1,36 g/L of ammonia, a value in line with levels produced by other microbial systems. This proof-of-concept study suggests that yeast-based processes can be adapted straightforwardly to ammonia production from high-protein-waste derived from several sources.
Hemorrhagic Complications in Premature Infants Treated with Intravitreal Bevacizumab: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Risk Factors and Outcomes
Authors: Kızıldag Ozbay Esra , Sabancı Şenol , Küçük Mehmet Fatih , Erol Muhammet Kazım , Yavuz Sibel
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate the frequency of hemorrhagic complications and identify potential risk factors in premature infants treated with intravitreal bevacizumab for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). By addressing these gaps, we aim to enhance clinical decision-making and optimize treatment protocols in this vulnerable population. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from 132 premature infants treated with intravitreal bevacizumab for ROP. Hemorrhagic complications were categorized as preretinal or intravitreal based on clinical examination findings: preretinal hemorrhages were defined as bleeding confined to the ROP ridge and not exceeding two optic disc diameters, while intravitreal hemorrhages were defined as bleeding extending beyond two optic disc diameters into the vitreous cavity. Demographic and clinical variables, including gestational age, birth weight, maternal age, NICU length of stay, and the timing of anti-VEGF administration, were collected. Patients with pre-existing hemorrhages prior to treatment were excluded. Statistical analyses included descriptive methods, univariate comparisons, and binary logistic regression to identify independent risk factors for hemorrhagic complications. Results: Hemorrhagic complications were observed in 23 (17.4%) of the patients, with 91.3% being preretinal hemorrhages and 8.7% intravitreal hemorrhages. NICU length of stay was significantly longer in patients with bleeding (62.23 ± 12.87 days) compared to those without bleeding (45.78 ± 16.74 days, p < 0.0001). Logistic regression identified prolonged NICU stay as an independent risk factor for hemorrhagic complications, with each additional day increasing the risk by 5.1% (p = 0.008, OR = 1.051). Gestational age, birth weight, maternal age, and timing of anti-VEGF administration were not significantly associated with bleeding risk. Conclusions: This study highlights the significant role of NICU length of stay in increasing the risk of hemorrhagic complications in premature infants treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. The findings underscore the importance of comprehensive risk assessments, including preretinal hemorrhages, in optimizing treatment protocols. Future multicenter, prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings and refine safety strategies for ROP management.
Production of Hydrogen from Biomass and other Sustainable Sources: Storage, Applications, and Policy Recommendations
Authors: Giakoumakis Georgios , Sidiras Dimitrios
Published: December 2024

Hydrogen is widely regarded as a crucial element in the transition to a sustainable energy future. This review paper provides a comprehensive examination of hydrogen production from various pathways, with a particular focus on biomass-derived hydrogen. The paper explores the key technologies used in the production of hydrogen, including steam methane reforming, electrolysis, biomass gasification, and biological processes. Furthermore, it assesses the advancements in hydrogen storage and transportation systems, as well as its diverse applications in sectors such as energy, transportation, and industry. The paper also critically evaluates the economic, environmental, and policy dimensions of hydrogen production, with an emphasis on the role of biomass in facilitating sustainable hydrogen economies. Challenges, opportunities, and future directions for enhancing the efficiency and scalability of hydrogen production from renewable sources are also discussed. The review concludes by providing policy recommendations for accelerating the adoption of hydrogen as a clean and reliable energy carrier, highlighting the need for integrated strategies to support the growth of the global hydrogen economy.
Factors Affecting Phage-Bacteria Co-evolution Dynamics
Authors: Jdeed Ghadeer , Kravchuk Bogdana , Tikunova Nina V.
Published: December 2024

Bacteriophages (phages) have co-evolved with their bacterial hosts for billions of years. With the rise of antibiotic resistance, the significance of using phages in therapy is increasing. Studying the dynamics of phage evolution when incubated with their bacterial hosts can provide insights that are useful for adapting phages to more challenging clones of their hosts that may arise during treatment. Two main models describe interactions in phage-bacteria systems, the arms race dynamics and the fluctuating selection dynamics, and many factors affect which dynamics dominate the interactions between a phage and its host. These dynamics will in turn affect the outcome of the co-existence of phages and bacteria, ultimately determining which of them will adapt better toward the other. In this review, we summarized key results of the research on phage-bacteria co-evolution, regarding the different concepts that can describe them, the factors that may contribute to the prevalence of one model over others, and the effects of various dynamics on the phages and bacteria.
Education With Video on Diabetes Mellitus Patients' Treatment Compliance Based On The Philosophy Of Ontology: A Review
Authors: Hentu Ardin , Pandin Moses , Yusuf Ah
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder in which the body is unable to produce insulin or cannot maximize the work of insulin produced by the pancreas. Objective: This literature aims to analyze the philosophical study from the perspective of Ontology. Article searches come from several sources such as ProQuest, Google Scholar, PubMed, and other search engines using the keywords education in diabetic patients” Or “diabetic patient video education” and “diabetes management education using video”. Results: obtained from the literature search found that providing video-based education can improve medication compliance in diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusion: video-based education can be applied to diabetes mellitus patients and can be applied in one of the nursing care interventions.
The Effect of Ambient Temperature on Sperm Quality in a Desert Climate
Authors: Grant-Sasson Kineret , Karakis Isabella , Steiner Naama , Mizrakli Yuval , Novack Victor , Novack Lena
Published: December 2024

The global decline in sperm quality remains poorly understood, with limited research on environmental exposures like rising temperatures from climate change. This study explored the association between extreme temperatures and sperm quality, focusing on normal and abnormal sperm parameters. Sperm data from Soroka fertility clinics (2009–2023) were analyzed alongside ambient temperatures from nearby monitoring stations up to 90 days before sample collection. Summer temperatures ranged from 25.3°C to 46.4°C, and winter minimums ranged from 0.1°C to 24.5°C. Directed Acyclic Graphs guided confounder selection for Generalized Additive Mixed Models and Distributed Lag Models, while Mixed-Effect Negative Binomial Regressions compared sperm quality across temperature extremes. Low winter temperatures were significantly associated with reduced motility, with a 5.8% decrease (p < 0.001). Men with abnormal motility, Jewish men, and older men were most affected, showing motility reductions of 3.59%–6.53%. Minimal effects of extreme summer heat were observed, except for a borderline significant 5.92% decrease in motility among men from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. These findings highlight the negative impact of extreme cold on sperm motility, with potential adaptation to summer heat in desert climates. Further research is needed, particularly among vulnerable groups, as climate change increases temperature extremes.
Empyema of Gallbladder Presenting as Abdominal Wall Abscess: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Shamim Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Empyema of the gallbladder is a severe complication of acute cholecystitis, and it can take unexpected turns when complications like fistula formation arise. This report outlines the case of a 45-year-old female who presented with a 5-day history of pain and a lump in her right upper abdomen. Initial evaluation revealed an abdominal wall abscess, but intraoperative findings revealed a fistula from the gallbladder, complicating what initially appeared to be a straightforward incision and drainage. An open cholecystectomy was performed after the abscess was explored, and the patient had an uneventful recovery. This case serves as a reminder that gallbladder pathology can sometimes manifest in surprising ways, requiring a change in surgical strategy.
ANALYSIS OF THE DRUG RESISTANCE SPECTRUM OF THE MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS STRAINS CIRCULATING IN THE REGIONS OF THE SIBERIAN AND FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICTS OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute, GORDEEVA ELIZAVETA I. , GUSELNIKOVA ELENA P. ,   Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute, STAVITSKAYA NATALIA V. ,   Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Today, in the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts of Russia, the situation with the incidence
of tuberculosis is one of the most unfavorable. Aim. To analyze the phenotypic antituberculosis drug resistance spectrum
of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains obtained from patients treated at Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute
in 2020–2023. Materials and Methods. Standard bacteriological and molecular genetic methods of laboratory studies
were used for this research. Results and Discussion. Resistance of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains obtained
from patients ranges 52.8%–76.1% for the main antituberculosis drugs, while it ranges 38%–47% for fluoroquinolones,
29%–35% for aminoglycosides, 40% for capreomycin, 57.3% for ethionamide/prothionamide, 29.6% for aminosalicylic
acid 29.6%, 8.9% for bedaquiline, and 7.5% for linezolid. The long-lasting and multiplying mycobacterial population supports the inflammatory process, which leads to its progression and, as a result, complicates the treatment. The
incidence of drug-resistant strains to new antituberculosis drugs in sputum samples obtained from people excreting
bacteria was for bedaquiline: 1.6% among newly diagnosed patients, 3.6% for the cases of the disease recurrence, and
1.3% for the cases of the chronic disease course; for linezolid: 3.2% for newly diagnosed patients, 4.3% for the cases
of the disease recurrence, and 6.2% for the cases of the chronic disease course. Conclusions. The trend towards
an increase in strains resistant to a wide range of antituberculosis drugs in the regions under study is observed for all
antituberculosis drugs, which emphasizes the urgent need for both the intensive epidemiological monitoring of such
resistance and, possibly, a revision of the algorithms for prescribing such drugs.
EFFECT PROVIDED BY INHALED SALBUTAMOL ON EXHALED BREATH SIGNATURES IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), MUSTAFINA MALIKA KH. , KRASOVSKY STANISLAV A. ,   Federal Pulmonology Research Institute, Moscow, SILANTYEV ARTEMIY S. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), SUVOROV ALEKSANDR YU. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), KOPYLOV PHILIPP YU. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Inhalers are often prescribed for patients with cystic fibrosis and the impaired ventilation
function of the lungs. Volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath reflect changes in body chemistry and may be
useful for monitoring the drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Aim. The aim of our study was to identify the
differences in the volatile organic compounds in breath profiles before and 20 minutes after the inhalation of 400 μg
of salbutamol in cystic fibrosis adults, using the proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Materials
and Methods. Breath samples were collected from 96 adult patients with cystic fibrosis (50 males and 46 females,
mean age 25.8±7.3 yrs) at baseline and 20 minutes after inhalation of 400 μg of salbutamol by proton-transfer-reaction
time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Volatile organic compound profiles were listed as ions with various mass-to-charge
ratios (m/z). Results and Discussion. 167 features in exhaled breath were detected in cystic fibrosis adults using
proton mass spectrometry. Exhaled breath samples before and after 400 μg salbutamol inhalation differed in 76 volatile
organic compounds concentrations (p<0.01). Representation of the following volatile organic compounds increased most
significantly: m/z = 42.03 (acetonitrile), m/z = 44.04 (C2H5NH+) by percentage change 93.8% and 53.8%, respectively
(p<0.001). In turn, the representation of m/z = 71.06, m/z = 181.01 (p-xylene) and m/z = 89.05 (acetoin) decreased
most significantly at the percentage changes by 26.1%, 23.4%, and 23.0%, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusions. Our
results demonstrate the effect of salbutamol on the composition of exhaled breath metabolites, which should be taken
into account when collecting samples in subsequent studies. In addition, proton mass spectrometry could be a useful
tool for non-invasive therapeutic drug monitoring.