bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Petrogenesis of the Early Cretaceous Aolunhua Adakitic Monzogranite Porphyries, Southern Great Xing’an Range, NE China: Implication for Geodynamic Setting of Mo Mineralization
Authors: He Xiaohu , Tan Shucheng , Liu Zheng , Bai Zhongjie , Wang Xuance , Wang Yuchao , Zhong Hong
Published: April 2020

This paper reports on whole-rock major- and trace-elemental and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions of the Aolunhua adakitic monzogranite porphyries from the Xilamulun district in the southern Great Xing’an Range, Northeast (NE) China. The high-K calc-alkaline Aolunhua monzogranite porphyries are characterized by high Sr/Y ratios (34.59–91.02), Sr (362–809 ppm), and low Y contents (7.66–10.5 ppm), respectively. These rocks also show slightly enriched Sr and Nd isotopes ((87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.7051–0.7058; εNd(t) = −2.98–0.92), with young two-stage model ages (T2DM = 0.84–1.16 Ga). Such a signature indicates that these rocks were most likely formed by partial melting of juvenile mafic lower crust. Based on equilibrium melting and batch-melting equations, we performed incompatible trace elements modeling. Low FeOT/(FeOT + MgO) values indirectly reflect these adakitic rocks were derived from an oxidizing source related to magnesian granitoids. The decreasing content of TiO2, Fe2O3, Nb/Ta ratio, and moderately negative Eu anomalies suggest that minimal fractionation of Fe–Ti oxides and plagioclase may have occurred in their evolutionary history. The result shows that the Aolunhua adakitic porphyries and coeval adakitic intrusive rocks in this area had not experienced extensive fractional crystallization and were derived from 20%–40% partial melting of lower continental crust, which was composed of ~25%–40% and 5%–20% garnet-bearing amphibolite, respectively. Integrating with rock assemblages and regional tectonic evolutionary history in this regime, high (Sm/Yb)SN (SN—source normalized data, normalized to mafic lower continental crust with Yb = 1.5 ppm and Sm/Yb = 1.87 for continental adakite) and low YbSN ratios suggest that these rocks were generated in an extensional environment related to lithospheric delamination without crustal thickening. The collision between North China and Siberian cratons around 160 Ma blocked the westward movement of the lithosphere as a result of the subduction of Pacific plate, which then led to lithospheric delamination induced by asthenospheric upwelling and underplating. Subsequently, partial melting of mafic lower crust caused by mantle upwelling resulted in the Early Cretaceous magmatic activities of adakitic rocks and associated Mo mineralization in the southern Great Xing’an Range.
Reinforcement of Natural Rubber Latex Using Jute Carboxycellulose Nanofibers Extracted Using Nitro-Oxidation Method
Authors: Sharma Sunil K. , Sharma Priyanka R. , Lin Simon , Chen Hui , Johnson Ken , Wang Ruifu , Borges William , Zhan Chengbo , Hsiao Benjamin S.
Published: April 2020

Synthetic rubber produced from nonrenewable fossil fuel requires high energy costs and is dependent on the presumed unstable petroleum price. Natural rubber latex (NRL) is one of the major alternative sustainable rubber sources since it is derived from the plant ‘Hevea brasiliensis’. Our study focuses on integrating sustainably processed carboxycellulose nanofibers from untreated jute biomass into NRL to enhance the mechanical strength of the material for various applications. The carboxycellulose nanofibers (NOCNF) having carboxyl content of 0.94 mmol/g was prepared and integrated into its nonionic form (–COONa) for its higher dispersion in water to increase the interfacial interaction between NRL and NOCNF. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses of NOCNF showed the average dimensions of nanofibers were length (L) = 524 ± 203 nm, diameter (D) 7 ± 2 nm and thickness 2.9 nm. Furthermore, fourier transform infra-red spectrometry (FTIR) analysis of NOCNF depicted the presence of carboxyl group. However, the dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement of NRL demonstrated an effective diameter in the range of 643 nm with polydispersity of 0.005. Tensile mechanical strengths were tested to observe the enhancement effects at various concentrations of NOCNF in the NRL. Mechanical properties of NRL/NOCNF films were determined by tensile testing, where the results showed an increasing trend of enhancement. With the increasing NOCNF concentration, the film modulus was found to increase quite substantially, but the elongation-to-break ratio decreased drastically. The presence of NOCNF changed the NRL film from elastic to brittle. However, at the NOCNF overlap concentration (0.2 wt. %), the film modulus seemed to be the highest.
In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation of Nepafenac-Based Cyclodextrin Microparticles for Treatment of Eye Inflammation
Authors: Lorenzo-Veiga Blanca , Diaz-Rodriguez Patricia , Alvarez-Lorenzo Carmen , Loftsson Thorsteinn , Sigurdsson Hakon Hrafn
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to design and evaluate novel cyclodextrin (CD)-based aggregate formulations to efficiently deliver nepafenac topically to the eye structure, to treat inflammation and increase nepafenac levels in the posterior segment, thus attenuating the response of inflammatory mediators. The physicochemical properties of nine aggregate formulations containing nepafenac/γ-CD/hydroxypropyl-β (HPβ)-CD complexes as well as their rheological properties, mucoadhesion, ocular irritancy, corneal and scleral permeability, and anti-inflammatory activity were investigated in detail. The results were compared with a commercially available nepafenac suspension, Nevanac® 3 mg/mL. All formulations showed microparticles, neutral pH, and negative zeta potential (–6 to –27 mV). They were non-irritating and nontoxic and showed high permeation through bovine sclera. Formulations containing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) showed greater anti-inflammatory activity, even higher than the commercial formulation, Nevanac® 0.3%. The optimized formulations represent an opportunity for topical instillation of drugs to the posterior segment of the eye.
Enhancement of Photoluminescence Quantum Yield and Stability in CsPbBr3 Perovskite Quantum Dots by Trivalent Doping
Authors: Jung Sujeong , Kim Jae Ho , Choi Jin Woo , Kang Jae-Wook , Jin Sung-Ho , Kang Youngho , Song Myungkwan
Published: April 2020

We determine the influence of substitutional defects on perovskite quantum dots through experimental and theoretical investigations. Substitutional defects were introduced by trivalent dopants (In, Sb, and Bi) in CsPbBr3 by ligand-assisted reprecipitation. We show that the photoluminescence (PL) emission peak shifts toward shorter wavelengths when doping concentrations are increased. Trivalent metal-doped CsPbBr3 enhanced the PL quantum yield (~10%) and air stability (over 10 days). Our findings provide new insights into the influence of substitutional defects on substituted CsPbBr3 that underpin their physical properties.
Tunable Photodetectors via In Situ Thermal Conversion of TiS3 to TiO2
Authors: Ghasemi Foad , Frisenda Riccardo , Flores Eduardo , Papadopoulos Nikos , Biele Robert , Perez de Lara David , van der Zant Herre S. J. , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , D’Agosta Roberto , Ares Jose R. , Sánchez Carlos , Ferrer Isabel J. , Castellanos-Gomez Andres
Published: April 2020

In two-dimensional materials research, oxidation is usually considered as a common source for the degradation of electronic and optoelectronic devices or even device failure. However, in some cases a controlled oxidation can open the possibility to widely tune the band structure of 2D materials. In particular, we demonstrate the controlled oxidation of titanium trisulfide (TiS3), a layered semicon-ductor that has attracted much attention recently thanks to its quasi-1D electronic and optoelectron-ic properties and its direct bandgap of 1.1 eV. Heating TiS3 in air above 300 °C gradually converts it into TiO2, a semiconductor with a wide bandgap of 3.2 eV with applications in photo-electrochemistry and catalysis. In this work, we investigate the controlled thermal oxidation of indi-vidual TiS3 nanoribbons and its influence on the optoelectronic properties of TiS3-based photodetec-tors. We observe a step-wise change in the cut-off wavelength from its pristine value ~1000 nm to 450 nm after subjecting the TiS3 devices to subsequent thermal treatment cycles. Ab-initio and many-body calculations confirm an increase in the bandgap of titanium oxysulfide (TiO2-xSx) when in-creasing the amount of oxygen and reducing the amount of sulfur.
Acquired AmpC β-Lactamases among Enterobacteriaceae from Healthy Humans and Animals, Food, Aquatic and Trout Aquaculture Environments in Portugal
Authors: Gonçalves Ribeiro Teresa , Novais Ângela , Machado Elisabete , Peixe Luísa
Published: April 2020

We aimed to investigate the occurrence of acquired AmpC β-lactamases (qAmpC), and characterize qAmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae from different non-clinical environments in Portugal. We analysed 880 Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third-generation cephalosporins recovered from 632 non-clinical samples [healthy human and healthy animal (swine, chickens) faeces; uncooked chicken carcasses; aquatic and trout aquaculture samples]. Bacterial and qAmpC identification, antibiotic susceptibility, clonal (PFGE, MLST) and plasmid (S1-/I-CeuI-PFGE, replicon typing, hybridization) analysis were performed using standard methods. The occurrence of qAmpC among Enterobacteriaceae from non-clinical origins was low (0.6%; n = 4/628 samples), corresponding to CMY-2-producing Escherichia coli from three healthy humans (HH) and one uncooked chicken carcass (UCC). We highlight a slight increase in CMY-2 human faecal carriage in the two periods sampled [1.0% in 2013–2014 versus 0% in 2001–2004], which is in accordance with the trend observed in other European countries. CMY-2-producing E. coli belonged to B22-ST4953 (n = 2, HH), A0-ST665 (n = 1, HH) or A1-ST48 (n = 1, UCC) clones. blaCMY-2 was identified in non-typeable and IncA/C2 plasmids. This study is one of the few providing an integrated evaluation of the qAmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae occurrence, which was low, from a very large collection of different non-clinical origins. Further surveillance in contemporary collections can provide an integrated epidemiological information of potential shifts in reservoirs, transmission routes and mechanisms of dissemination of blaqAmpC in non-clinical settings.
The Role of Triacylglycerol in Plant Stress Response
Authors: Lu Junhao , Xu Yang , Wang Juli , Singer Stacy D. , Chen Guanqun
Published: April 2020

Vegetable oil is mainly composed of triacylglycerol (TAG), a storage lipid that serves as a major commodity for food and industrial purposes, as well as an alternative biofuel source. While TAG is typically not produced at significant levels in vegetative tissues, emerging evidence suggests that its accumulation in such tissues may provide one mechanism by which plants cope with abiotic stress. Different types of abiotic stress induce lipid remodeling through the action of specific lipases, which results in various alterations in membrane lipid composition. This response induces the formation of toxic lipid intermediates that cause membrane damage or cell death. However, increased levels of TAG under stress conditions are believed to function, at least in part, as a means of sequestering these toxic lipid intermediates. Moreover, the lipid droplets (LDs) in which TAG is enclosed also function as a subcellular factory to provide binding sites and substrates for the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds that protect against insects and fungi. Though our knowledge concerning the role of TAG in stress tolerance is expanding, many gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms driving these processes are still evident. In this review, we highlight progress that has been made to decipher the role of TAG in plant stress response, and we discuss possible ways in which this information could be utilized to improve crops in the future.
Expression of Genes Involved in Heavy Metal Trafficking in Plants Exposed to Salinity Stress and Elevated Cd Concentrations
Authors: Nosek Michał , Kaczmarczyk Adriana , Jędrzejczyk Roman J. , Supel Paulina , Kaszycki Paweł , Miszalski Zbigniew
Published: April 2020

Many areas intended for crop production suffer from the concomitant occurrence of heavy metal pollution and elevated salinity; therefore, halophytes seem to represent a promising perspective for the bioremediation of contaminated soils. In this study, the influence of Cd treatment (0.01–10.0 mM) and salinity stress (0.4 M NaCl) on the expression of genes involved in heavy metal uptake (irt2–iron-regulated protein 2, zip4–zinc-induced protein 4), vacuolar sequestration (abcc2–ATP-binding cassette 2, cax4–cation exchanger 2 pcs1–phytochelatin synthase 1) and translocation into aerial organs (hma4–heavy metal ATPase 4) were analyzed in a soil-grown semi-halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. The upregulation of irt2 expression induced by salinity was additionally enhanced by Cd treatment. Such changes were not observed for zip4. Stressor-induced alterations in abcc2, cax4, hma4 and pcs1 expression were most pronounced in the root tissue, and the expression of cax4, hma4 and pcs1 was upregulated in response to salinity and Cd. However, the cumulative effect of both stressors, similar to the one described for irt2, was observed only in the case of pcs1. The importance of salt stress in the irt2 expression regulation mechanism is proposed. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report the combined effect of salinity and heavy metal stress on genes involved in heavy metal trafficking.
Professional Values Challenged by Case Management—Theorizing Practice in Child Protection with Reflexive Practitioners
Authors: Marthinsen Edgar , Clifford Graham , Fauske Halvor , Lichtwarck Willy
Published: April 2020

In this article, we theorize and reflect based on former research into professional practice and discretion as well as use some results from working together with practitioners in child protection services to explore the phenomenon of non-performing. Regulation lies at the heart of the contemporary child protection discourse. On the one hand we have seen a trend towards systematization of assessment content and procedures, on the other hand it is assumed that rational management approaches can secure consistency of performance. Social workers may be weary of the constraints all this imposes, but seem generally content to comply. Our reasoning was that social workers in child protection should be helped to get to grips with modifications to practice so that multi-challenged families could be accorded priority. These changes would include a reframing of assessment to take account of family needs as well as the needs of children. Follow-up would also require much more attention. Additionally, the choice of help provided for children and families would have to come into better focus, despite the limitations often experienced in practice. The question we asked was whether these types of reframing could be fostered within local child welfare units. We conducted a field trial in which child protection units were encouraged to reframe their practices, with the support of an expert group. The idea was to enhance and enable innovation through the combination of a more thorough dialogue with the families involved, as well as critical reflection based on available knowledge related to the identified challenges. We do a critical discussion of the work and the results from this in order to enhance knowledge on innovation in child protection.
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) as a Footprint for Tutoring Systems: A Model of ABA Approach Applied to Olfactory Learning
Authors: Ponticorvo Michela , Rega Angelo , Miglino Orazio
Published: April 2020

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) belongs to the analysis of behavior techniques introduced by the theorists of behaviorism in psychological fields. It deals with the application of behaviorism principles to guide the learning process. It can serve as a footprint to build artificial tutoring systems in environments for specific learning processes. In this paper, we delineate the pathway to build an artificial tutoring system following ABA footprints, named the ABA tutor. In implementing the ABA tutor, the techniques of ABA are reproduced. This paper also describes how to build a tutor based on ABA and how to use it to favor olfactory learning. In more detail, the ABA tutor is inserted in SNIFF, a system that combines a software and a hardware side to assess and practice the sense of smell exploiting gamification. A first experiment was run involving 90 participants, and the results indicated that the artificial tutoring system based on ABA principles can effectively promote olfactory learning. The implications of this approach are discussed.
A OCORRÊNCIA DE INFECÇÕES EM MASTECTOMIAS: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Carolina Sousa Santos Gabriela , Rennaly Alves de Oliveira Rayssa , Fernanda Souto Nóbrega Waleska , Anne Lima Gomes Kedma , Sofia dos Santos Andrade Lorena
Published: April 2020

OBJETIVO: Identificar quais as principais causas de infecções relacionadas à mastectomia no tratamento do câncer de mama relatada na literatura. MÉTODO: Tratou-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, na qual foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados Scielo, Bireme e Pubmed, com descritores em inglês e português. A amostra foi composta por 12 artigos oriundos exclusivamente da busca realizada no Pubmed. RESULTADOS: As infecções estão relacionadas a várias complicações das cirurgias de mastectomia e reconstrução mamária, seja por rejeição dos implantes, conduta cirúrgica, utilização de drenos, fatores intrínsecos e hábitos do estilo de vida como o tabagismo e a obesidade que aumentam os riscos de ocorrência das infecções no pós-operatório. CONCLUSÃO: A literatura mostra que em toda cirurgia, mesmo que profilática, como no caso da contralateral ou no caso do tratamento radioterápico intraoperatório, podem ocorrer complicações, ainda que mínimas. A equipe multidisciplinar, a paciente e os familiares devem estar todos cientes dos riscos e dos benefícios de cada procedimento.

Palavras chave: Mastectomia; Infecções; Câncer de mama.
Gozo Organizado no Carnaval
Authors: Cavalcanti Rodrigo César Tavares , Leão André Luiz Maranhão de Souza
Published: April 2020

A Folia do Papangu de Bezerros é um evento é organizado por instituições públicas e privadas que utilizam diversos elementos da cultura local para compor o espetáculo. O evento ganha complexidade na medida em que o entendemos seu discurso ideológico que envolve os sujeitos em um circuito de gozo. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar como esse gozo é organizado. Para dar conta de tal questão foram utilizados os conceitos de cultura de Néstor Canclini e a noção de imperativo do gozo advindo de teoria da ideologia de Slavoj Žižek. Na busca foram coletados dados de entrevista etnográfica, fotografias, anotações de campo e documentos, tudo analisado através da análise do discurso foucaltiana. Como resultado, foram identificadas duas regras discursivas que apontam a formatação e a organização da Folia do Papangu como produto cultural.
PRIORITAS MASALAH DIARE PADA BALITA AKIBAT KURANGNYA PENGETAHUAN IBU TERHADAP PENYAKIT DIARE DI KELURAHAN MANDALIKA TAHUN 2017
Authors: Wiatma Deny Sutrisna , Nirmala Suci
Published: April 2020

Di Puskesmas Cakra negara terdapat 4 masalah tersering yang terjadi di kelurahan Bertais yaitu, ISPA, Diare, Demam Berdarah dan cakupan imunisasi yang rendah. Mengetahui akar permasalah diare yaitu kurangnya pengetahuan masyrakat terhadap pentingnya kebersihan, dengan metode Delbeecq yatiu penentuan prioritas masalah dalam komunitas tampa melakukan diskusi antar anggota, sehingga diperoleh akar penybab dari diare adalah kurangnya pengetahuan masyrakat terhadap pentingnya kebersihan. Kesimpilan : Masalah kesehatan di Basretais yang prioritas adalah diare pada balita yang dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan ibu tentang diare.
PENGARUH DUKUNGAN SUAMI DAN DUKUNGAN ATASAN TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN PEMBERIAN AIR SUSU IBU (ASI) EKSKLUSIF PADA IBU BEKERJA DI WILAYAH KERJA UPT BLUD PUSKESMAS TANJUNG KARANG TAHUN 2016
Authors: Marliana Yunita
Published: April 2020

World Health Organization (WHO) merekomendasikan pamberian ASI Eksklusif sekurang-kurangnya selama 6 bulan pertama kehidupan dan dilanjutkan dengan makanan pendamping sampai usia 2 tahun, rekomendasi serupa juga oleh American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Academy of Breasfeeding Medicine demikian pula oleh Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (IDAI). Diperkirakan bahwa pemberian ASI eksklusif dapat mengurangi kematian bayi sebesar 13%. Pemberian ASI eksklusif telah diakui sebagai salah satu intervensi utama di seluruh dunia utuk mengurangi angka kematian bayi dan anak-anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis observasional analitik dengan dan desain cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Wilayah Kerja UPT BLUD Puskesmas Tanjung Karang pada bulan Mei-Juni 2016. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu bekerja (sektor negeri maupun swasta) yang memiliki bayi yang berusia 7-12 bulan. Sampel yang digunakan adalah keseluruhan populasi atau Total Sampling, sebanyak 34 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan Ibu bekerja yang mendapatkan dukungan dari suami sebagian besar berhasil menyusui bayinya sebanyak 76,5%. Dengan hasil uji Chi Square 0,001 sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh dukungan suami terhadap keberhasilan pemberian ASI Ekslusif pada ibu bekerja. Sedangkan mayoritas ibu bekerja yang mendapatkan dukungan dari atasannya memiliki tingkat keberhasilan pemberian ASI Ekslusif sebanyak 78,9%. Dengan hasil uji Chi Square 0,000 sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh dukungan atasan terhadap keberhasilan pemberian ASI Ekslusif pada ibu bekerja.
HUBUNGAN MEROKOK DENGAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH MAHASISWA FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM AL-AZHAR TAHUN 2019
Authors: Wiatma Deny Sutrisna , Amin Muhlisin
Published: April 2020

Latar Belakang :Rokok sangatlah berbahaya bagi kesehatan, salah satu kandungannya yakni nikotin telah diketahui dapat menjadi faktor resiko kejadian diabetes, nikotin dapat merusak sel β pankreas dan menghambat insulin. Tujuan :untuk mengetahui hubungan merokok dengan kadar glukosa darah mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Al-Azhar Mataram tahun 2019. Metode Penelitian : Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 52 orang mahasiswa perokok aktif Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Al-Azhar periode 2015-2019, sampel diambil dengan teknik total sampling yakni jumlah sampel sama dengan jumlah populasi, dan menggunakan metode pre-eksperimental design dengan rancangan non equivalent control group, hasil pada penelitian ini selanjutnya di analisis dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil : Hasil yang didapatkan dari uji Chi-Squarediperoleh nilai signifikan dengan rerata kadar glukosa darah pretest dan posttest kelompok eksperimen adalah 107,73 mg/dL dan 112,65 mg/dL sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol adalah 123,27 mg/dL dan 112,40 mg/dL serta didapatkan p value 0,001 (P <0,05). Kesimpulan :Terdapat Hubungan yang Signifikan antara merokok dengan kadar glukosa darah.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum) TERHADAP BAKTERI (Staphylococcus Aureus)
Authors: Fahmi Yusril Ilham , Andriana Ana , Hidayati Diani Sri
Published: April 2020

Mikroorganisme alami yang ada dalam tubuh manusia disebut mikroorganisme normal atau flora normal, namun dalam keadaan tertentu dapat bersifat patogen dan menimbulkan penyakit infeksi salah satunya Staphylococcus Aureus. Bakteri ini sering resisten terhadap berbagai jenis obat sehingga mempersulit pemilihan antimikroba yang sesuai untuk terapi. Bawang putih (Allium Sativum) mempunyai bahan aktif yaitu alicin, flavonoid, ajoene, minyak atsiri dan saponin yang mempunyai efek antimikroba. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak bawang putih (Allium Sativum) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian True Experiment dengan rancangan Posttest dengan Kelompok Kontrol (Posttest Only Control Group Design), menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 24 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam  penelitian ini  adalah bakteri Staphylococcus aureus yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak bawang putih (Allium Sativum)  dengan konsentrasi 250 µg/mL, 500 µg/mL, 750 µg/mL, 1000 µg/mL, 2 kelompok kontrol terdiri dari kontrol positif ciprofloksasin dan kontrol negatif aquades steril. Daya hambat diperoleh berdasarkan pengukuran zona hambat dan data yang diperoleh dari analisis menggunakan uji One Way Anova.  Hasil pengukuran zona hambatan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada masing-masing konsentrasi berturut turut adalah, konsentrasi 250 µg/mL sebesar 6.5 mm; 500 µg/mL,13.3 mm; 750 µg/mL, 15 mm dan 1000 µg/mL, 17.8 mm. Pada konsentrasi yang paling tinggi menghasilkan daerah zona hambat yang terlebar. Hasil uji  One Way Anova diperoleh nilai signifikan yakni 0,008 lebih kecil dari p value: 0,05 sehingga dapat dinyatakan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak bawang putih (Allium Sativum) dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus.
PENGARUH KONSUMSI SUPLEMEN VITAMIN C TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM AL - AZHAR TAHUN 2018
Authors: Indrajat Sandiana , Setiowati Ety Retno , S Sabariah
Published: April 2020

Latar Belakang : Vitamin C adalah vitamin larut air, suplemen multivitamin antioksidan tinggi yang berfungsi melawan radikal bebas serta meregenerasi antioksidan lainnya. Tingginya radikal bebas berpengaruh terhadap fungsi endotel yang mengakibatkan terjadinya resistensi insulin dan berpengaruh terhadap jumlah glukosa darah. Tujuan : Mengetahui rerata kadar glukosa darah puasa, rerata kadar glukosa darah sewaktu setelah diberikan beban glukosa 75 g, glukosa darah sewaktu setelah pemberian konsumsi vitamin C dan mengetahui adanya pengaruh konsumsi suplemen vitamin C terhadap kadar glukosa darah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Al - Azhar Mataram Tahun 2018. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian menggunakan metode pre-eksperimental dengan rancangan one grup pretest posttest design. Populasi adalah semua mahasiswa preklinik dengan sampel berjumlah 33 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling dengan uji statistik uji-t berpasangan. Hasil : Rerata glukosa darah puasa 85,18 mg/dL, glukosa darah sewaktu setelah diberikan beban glukosa 75 g 143,76 mg/dL, dan glukosa darah sewaktu setelah konsumsi vitamin C 110,94 mg/dL. Hasil uji-t berpasangan diperoleh p-value = 0,000 (p- value ≤ α=0,01) dengan IK sebesar 19.210-46.426 mg/dL. Kesimpulan : Dari hasil uji t-berpasangan yang berarti terdapat pengaruh konsumsi suplement vitamin C terhadap kadar glukosa darah pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Al-Azhar Mataram Tahun 2018.
The personal calculus of moral reasoning and identity in global health professions work
Authors: Razack Saleem Idris
Published: April 2020

In this personal essay, the author reflects on experiences in global health professions education projects, and the moral reasoning that might be required to define explicitly what constitutes ethical participation.  Three interrelated notions are explored:The decision to engage or not through a discussion of the concepts of safety, understanding power dynamics, and analysis of personal and institutional motivations for the projectThe ultimate goals to promote human flourishing and improve equity, through attention to local inequities potentially experienced by either participants or colleagues from home.Attention to the personal transformative potential of participation in global health professions projects.A framework for exploring moral reasoning in global health professions education work using these three concepts is presented as one that the author has found helpful in his own work in global health professions education.
Pengaruh Pemberian LKS Latihan Soal Terstruktur Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Isomer Senyawa Hidrokarbon Pada Siswa Kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Anggraini Corry , Abudarin Abudarin , Asi Nopriawan Berkat
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh pemberian LKS latihan soal terstruktur terhadap pemahaman konsep isomer senyawa hidrokarbon pada siswa kelas XI-IPA SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Pretest Posttest Control Group Design dan melibatkan sebanyak 56 siswa dari dua kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya sebagai sampel yang ditentukan dengan teknik Cluster random sampling, yaitu siswa kelas XI IPA-1 (kelas eksperimen) sebanyak 29 orang siswa dan siswa kelas XI IPA-2 (kelas kontrol) sebanyak 27 orang siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa soal tes pemahaman konsep C-1 yang dimuat dalam tes I, tes II, LKS latihan soal terstruktur dan LKS latihan soal. Data tes I diperoleh setelah pembelajaran langsung dan data tes II diperoleh setelah pembelajaran menggunakan LKS latihan soal terstruktur dan LKS latihan soal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian LKS latihan soal terstruktur berpengaruh terhadap pemahaman konsep isomer senyawa hidrokarbon pada siswa kelompok bawah kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Rata-rata pemahaman konsep siswa kelas eksperimen (85,60) lebih tinggi dari kelas kontrol (59,25). LKS latihan soal terstruktur memberikan pengaruh terhadap siswa kelompok bawah dan siswa kelompok atas.
Analisis Materi Ajar Konsep Laju Reaksi Pada Buku Teks Kimia SMA/MA
Authors: Sakti Sakti , Fatah Abdul Hadjranul , Anggraeni Maya Erliza
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan kesesuaian konsep laju reaksi pada materi ajar kimia SMA/MA kelas XI terhadap kurikulum 2013, (2) mendeskripsikan struktur makro dalam materi ajar kimia SMA/MA kelas XI pada konsep laju reaksi, dan (3) mendeskripsikan proposisi apa saja yang berpotensi kesalahan konsep yang terdapat dalam materi ajar  kimia SMA/MA kelas XI pada konsep laju reaksi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Objek penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Buku teks kimia SMA/MA kelas XI. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif.        Susunan makro wacana laju reaksi pada buku teks A pembahasan konsep dimensi elaborasi mencapai level 4 dan dimensi progresi terdapat 4 konsep pada level 2. Susunan makro wacana laju reaksi pada buku teks B pembahasan konsep dimensi elaborasi mencapai level 4 dan dimensi progresi terdapat 5 konsep pada level 2. Proposisi yang berpotensi kesalahan konsep pada buku teks A yaitu penjelasan katalis dan tetapan laju reaksi. Proposisi yang berpotensi kesalahan konsep pada buku teks B yaitu pada rumus molaritas, penulisan koefisien reaksi, penjelasan pengaruh luas permukaan, penjelasan grafik orde  reaksi 0, orde  reaksi 1, orde  reaksi 2, orde  reaksi -2, dan orde  reaksi ½.
Analisis Materi Struktur Atom Pada Buku Teks Kimia Kelas X SMA/MA
Authors: Pratiwi Syahra Ayu , Fatah Abdul Hadjranul , Syarpin Syarpin
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Kualitatif. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deksriptif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tabel identifikasi label konsep dan jenis representasi, tabel identifikasi kesesuaian label konsep dengan silabus, model struktur makro wacana, dan tabel kriteria representasi kimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa label konsep yang terdapat pada buku A sebanyak 27 label konsep dan memiliki 50 jenis representasi yang terbagi dalam tipologi makroskopik, submikroskopik, simbolik. Label konsep yang terdapat pada buku B sebanyak 32 label konsep dengan 68 jenis representasi yang terbagi dalam tipologi makroskopik, submikroskopik, dan simbolik. Kesesuaian label konsep buku teks A dan buku teks B terhadap silabus kimia kuriukulum 2013 terdapat 31 label konsep yang sesuai dengan silabus kimia K-13. Struktur makro buku A mencapai level 7 dimensi elaborasi, dan buku B mencapai level 7 dimensi elaborasi. Kriteria  representasi kimia konsep struktur atom pada buku A terdapat 21 representasi, dan pada buku B terdapat 26 representasi.
Doxorubicin Depuration in Oncological Wastewaters Using an Electrochemical Method
Authors: Crisnic Daniela , Ordodi Valentin , Hadaruga Daniel , Todea Anamaria , Paunescu Virgil , Negru Serban
Published: April 2020

Doxorubicin is a powerful antineoplastic antibiotic used in modern oncological treatments, constitute noteworthy environmental hazards with a great long-term impact on human health. This paper introduces an electrochemical method with aasymmetric current density laboratory reactor specifically designed to neutralize cytostatic agents from wastewaters. The reactor is based on the principle of anodic electrooxidationand on chemical oxidation via anode-generated chlorine reactive species. The design of this electrochemical reactor facilitates very good (approx. 99%) neutralization yields for the substance used in this study.
Effects of Ultrasound Treatments on Antioxidants Content of Cider, Enriched Previously with Natural Extracts
Authors: Brezan Boris , Badarau Carmen Liliana , Woinaroschy Alexandru , Padureanu Vasile
Published: April 2020

The cider obtained in laboratory conditions was enriched in valuable and natural bio compounds using several extracts (obtained from blueberry juice and an colorant obtained from black carrot `Black Carrot HC Red-Blue Colored Concentrate` in 2% citric acid solution) and ultrasounds treatments.Compared with the untreated cider, all the cider variants enriched with both types of extracts had higher values for total polyphenols and flavonoids content. This increase in values, from one measurement to another is due to the increase in the amplitude of the ultrasound in the propagation medium (cider + liquid extract). This reveals the importance of increasing the amplitude, in the efficiency of extraction of anthocyanins, demonstrating that a similar application time, but at different amplitude, influences the content of polyphenols and flavonoids, respectively.To assess the antioxidant activity of the cider variants tested in the experimental study, it was estimated the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free inhibition percentage (DPPH inhibition) by the enriched cranberry extracts obtained from the forest fruits (blueberries) in 2% citric acid, respectively by those obtained by using black carrot juice (0.03% concentration).
Emergency COVID-19: A Surprising Pandemic
Authors: Earar Kamel , Arbune Manuela , Dorobat Carmen Mihaela , Gurau Gabriela , Antoniac Iulian , Indrei Lucian Laurentiu
Published: April 2020

Coronaviruses are ARN viruses with high variability, widespread in nature in many animal species and in humans, which can cause diseases with varying degrees of severity, from mild forms to severe forms, with high mortality. The COVID-19 emergency evolves into a pandemic, being the main public health concern worldwide. The main manifestations are respiratory, pneumonic, but extrarespiratory symptoms may be present. Hygiene measures are the only ways to prevent now, because there is no a vaccine or antiviral treatment approved for use in patients with COVID-19. Several therapeutic strategies are under study for the new SARS-CoV-2.
Accidental Exposure to Blood and Biological Products in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Romania
Authors: Kalman Erzsebet , Radulescu Amanda , Hanganut Andreea , Borzan Cristina
Published: April 2020

Disclosure of the announcement rate of occupational exposure to blood and other biological fluids and the compliance rate for post exposure prophylaxis and monitoring measures among employees of the Regional Institute of Gastroenterology-Hepatology �Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor� Cluj-Napoca. A prospective study was conducted between 2011-2016. All the hospital employees were included in the study. Descriptive analysis of reported cases of exposure to biological products was performed. Considering the number of employees and professional categories throughout the years of study, there was reported a very small number of accidents due to biological sample exposure, compared to statistical data. We have assessed the compliance of the exposed medical staff to post-exposure monitoring protocol, which was very low.
Removal of Dyes from Textile Wastewater Using Sawdust as Low-cost Biosorbent
Authors: Bondarev Andreea , Gheorghe Catalina-Gabriela , Gheorghe Viorel , Bombos Mihaela
Published: April 2020

Dyes removal from textile effluents has been a matter of concern, both in health point of view and in the aesthetic sense. A waste material, characterized by ligno cellulose composition, availability and low cost was tested for its ability to remove synthetic dyes from aqueous systems. This study presents the results of the adsorption process of Alizarin Red S (AR) on some adsorbents: white pine sawdust (Pinus durangensis) and beech wood sawdust (Fagus sylvatica). The suitability of the Langmuir, Freundlich and Harkins - Jura adsorption models to the equilibrium data were investigated for each reactive dye - adsorbent system, in order to establish all favourable conditions to uptake of AR reactive dye from aqueous solution. The results of this study indicate that waste of wood is an attractive sorbent for removing synthetic dyes from the wastewater.
Characterization of Polyethylene Carrying Bags Before and After Isothermal Oxidative Aging in an Oven
Authors: Khurram Malik Jehanzeb , Baloch Musa Kaleem , Simon Leonardo C. , Rehman Wajid , Cun-Yueguo Cun-Yueguo
Published: April 2020

Utility of polymeric material is a major contribution to the production of waste, particularly in Pakistan. An easy escape to it is the damping in the land which is not commendable for an environmental point of view. On the other hand, the aging of polymer is analogous to its burial conditions under the soil in the absence of light. Therefore, in this research report, two different brands of polyethylene carrying bags were investigated. One sample was obtained from Pakistan abbreviated as sample `Y` while the other from Canada abbreviated as `E`. In order to accelerate the degradation process and to observe the impact of aging in a shorter span of time, these samples were heated at an elevated temperature (80�C) in an oven for the period of 20 days. The samples were characterized before and after aging with an interval of 2 days by applying different techniques like FT-IR, SEM, DSC, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Carbonyl peak at 1715 cm-1 was observed only in the case of sample `E` displaying carbonyl index value as 28.45 % after 20 days of aging. The SEM images before and after aging revealed that the degradation took place at preferential sites in case of sample `Y` and at numerous sites in case of sample `E`. The results of percent crystallinity obtained by DSC showed an increasing pattern with aging for both the samples and was high in case of sample `E.` The activation energy determined by using Flynn-Wall-Ozawa showed a decreasing pattern for both the samples with aging. It concluded that the thermal aging initiates the process of degradation which was then accelerated by heating in TGA oven. The order of reaction was slightly decreased after aging for both the samples and was found to be independent of the heating rate.
First-principles Study on the Structure and Hydrogen Storage Properties of Na decorated BN sheet
Authors: Bo An
Published: April 2020

The Na decorated BN sheets have a stable sandwich structure and can be regarded as an excellent hydrogen storage material. With respect to first-principles calculation, the electronic structure, geometric structure, partial density of states, mulliken population and ability of absorbing hydrogen molecules of the Na decorated BN sheet have been investigated. The results show that: (1) The most stable structure is Na atom adsorption on the top of N atom, it has the greatest binding energy. (2) Na decorated BN sheet can adsorb twelve H2 molecules and the average adsorption energy is 0.530 eV/H2. (3) The hydrogen storage rate of Na decorated BN sheet is about 8.943wt%. (4) The adsorbed H2 molecules have polarization phenomenon.
CATALIZADORES BASADOS EN Ru-Fe SOPORTADOS SOBRE TiO2 PARA LA HIDROGENACIÓN DE PALMITATO DE METILO CON OBTENCIÓN DE ALCOHOL CETÍLICO
Authors: Rodrígueza Pieer , Neira Enrique , Picasso Gino , Sun Kou Rosario
Published: April 2020

Se estudió el sistema catalítico Ru-Fe soportado sobre titania para la hidrogenación selectiva del palmitato de metilo al producto alcohol cetílico. Los catalizadores basados en Ru-Fe soportados en TiO2 fueron preparados por el método de coimpregnación húmeda: Ru, como metal activo y Fe, como promotor catalítico, soportado en TiO2 , sintetizado por el método sol-gel, que permitió mejores propiedades texturales con respecto al soporte comercial. El análisis de sorción de N2(g) mostró isotermas de tipo IV con poros cilíndricos y los difractogramas XRD revelaron perfiles similares al soporte, sugiriendo una alta dispersión metálica. Los perfiles de reducción del catalizador Ru-Fe/TiO2 mostraron un desplazamiento de los picos de consumo de hidrógeno hacia mayores temperaturas con el aumento de la carga metálica, evidenciando una posible interacción metal-soporte. El análisis TPD-H2 mostró que los catalizadores Ru-Fe soportados en titania presentaron más tipos de adsorción de hidrógeno que su contraparte monometálica. La reacción se realizó en un reactor batch de flujo no continuo de H2(g) a 280 ºC y 5,5 MPa de presión. Los productos de la reacción usando el catalizador 10 % Ru(4)/Fe(1) mostraron una alta conversión de 90 % y 12 % de selectividad hacia alcohol cetílico, posiblemente debido a la capacidad del catalizador de almacenar mayor cantidad de H2 selectivo promocionado por interacciones metal-soporte.
Babbageʼs Calculating Machines, the Proteus From Postojna Cave, and the Carniolan Museum Society
Authors: Južnič Stanislav
Published: April 2020

We verified some data in Shawʼs description of Babbageʼs visit to Postojna. To compare with, we calculated the exact date of Babbageʼs voyage from his own descriptions. We researched the motives for his interests in the Proteus anguinus. We described other Babbageʼs scientific activities at the time of his visit to Carniola. We claimed his surprising incompetence in geography. In Babbageʼs time, Carniolan scientific research of the Proteus anguinus began under Dežmanʼs leadership of the Museum Society. For the first time we researched the early Carniolan contribution to the Proteus research. We discussed possible reasons for the previous neglect of the Museum Society work and Dežmanʼs publications in particular.Dopolnili smo Shawovo raziskovanje Babbagejevega obiska Postojne. Preverili smo čas Babbageovega popotovanja po Kranjski in skušali ugotoviti od kje njegovo zanimanje za postojnsko človeško ribico. Seznanili smo se s tedanjimi Babbagejevimi znanstvenimi hotenji in opozorili na njegovo domala smešno nepoznavanje geografije. Babbagejeve zmede s postojnskimi ribicami so sovpadale z prvimi domačimi preučevanji lastnosti le-teh pod okriljem Muzejskega društva za Kranjsko. Prvič v slovenskem zgodovinopisju opisujemo naravoslovna predavanja in pogovore o proteusu na mesečnih sestankih društva pod Dežmanovim vodstvom. Predstavili smo verjetne vzroke za dosedanje zapostavljanje delovanja Muzejskega društva in še posebej Dežmana.
Škocjanske jame, Slovenia, in 1891 – an Alpine Club Excursion
Authors: Shaw Trevor R.
Published: April 2020

The excursion after the 1891 general meeting of the Deutsche und Österreichische Alpenverein (DÖAV) was to their Section Küstenland in Trieste which was then actively exploring Škocjanske jame. J. Sigrist-Herder of Switzerland was one of those who visited the cave and he compiled an album containing contemporary publications and also 25 photographs by Francesco Benque of Trieste, 15 of which are published here for the first time. They show the 1891 festivities as well as scenes at the cave entrances and in the dolines. The visit is described here from newspaper articles by Sigrist-Herder supplemented by publications of the DÖAV. A comparison is made with a similar visit in 1885 when less of the cave had been explored. In 1891 the visitors were taken to Müllerjeva dvorana but a few people went along the walls as far as Dvorana planinskega društva, only discovered in 1887.Po občnem zboru 1891 je Nemško-avstrijsko planinsko društvo (Deutsche und Österreichische Alpenverein - DÖAV) pripravilo obisk svoje Obalne sekcije (Section Küstenland) v Trstu, ki je takrat živahno raziskovalo Škocjanske jame. J. Sigrist-Herder iz Švice, ki je bil eden izmed obiskovalcev, je sestavil album fotorafij iz tedanjih publikacij, vključno 25 posnetkov Francesca Benque iz Trsta. 15 izmed teh slik je tu prvič objavljenih. Prikazujejo praznovanje leta 1891 in prizore iz jamskega vhoda ter iz dolin. Prispevek se opira na Sigrist-Herderjeve časopisne članke in na tiske DÖAV. Avtor primerja te dogodke s podobnim obiskom iz 1885, ko je bil raziskan šele manjši del jam. 1891 so obiskovalce peljali do Müllerjeve dvorane, nekaj pa jih je šlo dalje po stenah do Dvorane planinskega društva, odkrite šele 1887.
Vpogled v hrvaško ojkonimijo na severozahodni meji
Authors: Frančić Anđela
Published: April 2020

Toponimija najbolj severozahodne hrvaške pokrajine Medžimurje do danes še ni bila popisana in ustrezno obdelana. Po kratkem orisu dosedanjih obravnav medžimurske ojkonimije in prikazu nekaj primerov sprememb ojkonimov skozi zgodovino avtorica v glavnih potezah prikaže morfološke, besedotvorne in pomenske značilnosti sodobne uradne medžimurske ojkonimije.
Besedje za bratranca in sestrično v slovenskih narečjih (po gradivu za SLA)
Authors: Jakop Tjaša
Published: April 2020

V članku je z metodo lingvistične geografije predstavljeno besedje, ki v slovenskih narečjih poimenuje sorodstvena razmerja, in sicer tetine ali stričeve otroke. V vprašalnici za Slovenski lingvistični atlas (SLA) sta v XIII. poglavju Družina tudi vprašanji št. 626 (bratranec) in št. 627 (sestrična), katerih raznoliki odgovori so prikazani na leksično‑besedotvornih kartah.
Fonološki opis govora vasi Jevšček pri Livku nadiškega narečja slovenščine
Authors: Šekli Matej
Published: April 2020

V članku je prikazan fonološki opis govora vasi Jevšček pri Livku (Občina Kobarid, Slovenija) nadiškega narečja slovenščine, in sicer tako s sinhronega kot z diahronega gledišča. Opisnojezikoslovni vidik podaja nabor prvin samoglasniškega, soglasniškega in naglasnega sestava ter njihovo razvrstitev. Zgodovinskojezikoslovni pogled določa izvor posamezne prvine ter opisani fonološki sestav postavlja v širši slovenski in slovanski kontekst.
Psl. *stьgna v slovenskih govorih
Authors: Šivic‑Dular Alenka
Published: April 2020

V članku je na podlagi dostopnega gradiva predstavljena naglasoslovna, oblikoslovna in arealna problematika odrazov psl. leksema *stьgna v slovenščini in na ozadju drugih slovanskih jezikov.
Jean Le Dû, Nouvel Atlas Linguistique de la Basse-Bretagne, Volume 1–2 (Brest 2001)
Authors: Škofic Jožica
Published: April 2020

V prispevku je predstavljan lingvistični atlas Spodnje Bretanje, ki je leta 2001 v dveh zvezkih izšel na zahodnobretonski univerzi v Brestu. Njegov avtor Jean le Dû, ugledni bretonski dialektolog, ki je tudi sodelavec Evropskega lingvističnega atlasa (ALE) in Romanskega lingvističnega atlasa (AliR), je v njem predstavil sadove skoraj tridesetletnega raziskovalnega dela, v tej knjigi predstavljenega z metodo lingvistične geografije.
Vinogradniško in kletarsko izrazje v prleški vasi Cven
Authors: Kosi Mateja
Published: April 2020

Prispevek prinaša narečni slovar vinogradniške in kletarske terminologije, glasoslovni opis in krajše besedilo panonskega prleškega govora vasi Cven ter primerjavo zbrane leksike z drugimi do zdaj objavljenimi dialektološkimi prispevki iz prleškega narečja in s še neobjavljenim gradivom za slovar medžimurskega narečja. Preverjena je tudi pojavnost v slovarjih. Leksemi so v slovarju opremljeni z označevalniki glede na časovnost oziroma pogostnost in postavljeni v sobesedilo.