bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Extracellular Matrix Changes Induced by a High-Fat Diet on Gallbladder Smooth Muscle Dysfunction
Authors: Zhong Xingguo , Wu Feiyang , Gao Weicheng , Hu Jinlong , Shen Bing , Zhong Kaiyuan , Peng Junbin , Zhang Chong , Zhang Chao
Published: December 2024

Background: Gallstone formation is a common digestive ailment, with unclear mechanisms underlying its development. Dysfunction of the gallbladder smooth muscle (GSM) may play a crucial role, particularly with a high-fat diet (HFD). This study aimed to investigate the effects of an HFD on GSM and assess how it alters contractility through changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Methods: Guinea pigs and C57BL/6 mice were fed either an HFD or normal diet (ND). Primary cultures of their (guinea pigs) gallbladder smooth muscle cells (GSMCs) were used for in vitro experiments. Histological stains, RNA-sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, three-dimensional tissue culture, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot, atomic force microscopy, and muscle tension measurements were performed. Results: Histological evidence indicated structural changes in the gallbladder muscle layer and ECM collagen deposition in the HFD group. The HFD group also showed increased expression of collagen, integrin family, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) signaling pathway. Compared with GSMCs cultured on Matrigel containing 1 mg/mL of collagen I, those cultured with 2 mg/mL showed a phenotype change from contractile to synthetic cells. Consistent with these findings, the HFD group also demonstrated increased ECM stiffness and decreased smooth muscle contractility. Conclusions: Our findings reveal a mechanism by which an HFD alters the ECM composition of the gallbladder muscle, activating the integrin/PI3K-Akt/MMP signaling pathway, thereby impacting GSMC phenotype and contractility. These insights enhance the understanding of gallstone formation mechanism and provide potential therapeutic targets to treat gallbladder dysfunction.
Machine Learning Reveals Aneuploidy Characteristics in Cancers: The Impact of BEX4
Authors: Xu Aizhong , Liu Jianjun , Tong Li , Shen Tingting , Xing Songlin , Xia Yujie , Zhang Bosen , Wu Zihao , Yuan Wenkang , Yu Anhai , Kan Zijie , Yang Wenqi , Zhang Chao , Zhang Chong
Published: December 2024

Background: Aneuploidy is crucial yet under-explored in cancer pathogenesis. Specifically, the involvement of brain expressed X-linked gene 4 (BEX4) in microtubule formation has been identified as a potential aneuploidy mechanism. Nevertheless, BEX4’s comprehensive impact on aneuploidy incidence across different cancer types remains unexplored. Methods: Patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were stratified into high-score (training) and low-score (control) groups based on the aneuploidy score. Mfuzz expression pattern clustering and functional enrichment were applied to genes with BEX4 as the core to explore their regulatory mechanisms. Various machine learning techniques were employed to screen aneuploidy-associated genes, after which aneuploidy characteristic subtypes were established in cancers. Moreover, the aneuploidy characteristics across multiple cancer types were investigated by integrating the extent of tumor cell stemness acquisition and a series of immune traits. Immunohistochemistry and proliferation assay mainly verified the anti-tumor effect of different BEX4 level. Results: Functional clustering results showed that aneuploidy and stemness were significantly associated in kidney chromophobe (KICH) and thyroid carcinoma (THCA). And cell metabolism and cell cycle had key effects. Residual analysis indicates superior screening performance by random forest (RF). An aneuploid feature gene set with BEX4 as the core was screened to construct a Nomogram model. BEX4, calmodulin regulated spectrin associated protein 2 (CAMSAP2), and myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) were identified as aneuploidy characteristic hub genes. Molecular subtypes in thymoma (THYM), thyroid carcinoma (THCA), and kidney chromophobe (KICH) showed significant differences in tumor cell stemness among different subtypes. The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA)-Genes network revealed that hub genes, co-regulated by hsa-miR-425-5p, hsa-miR-200c-3p, and others, regulate microtubules, centrosomes, and microtubule cytoskeleton. Furthermore, elevated BEX4 emerged as a significant protective factor in Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), KICH, kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). Conclusions: BEX4, CAMSAP2, and MARCKS specifically express in microtubules, centrioles, and cytoskeletons, influencing tumor chromosome division and inducing aneuploidy. Additionally, the relationship between the acquisition of tumor cell stemness and the severity of aneuploidy varies significantly across tumor types, displaying positive and negative correlations.
Application of Macrophage Subtype Analysis in Acute Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Tang Jiajia , Shi Jun , Han Zhihai , Chen Xuxin
Published: December 2024

Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common critical illness. Supportive therapy is still the main strategy for ALI/ARDS. Macrophages are the predominant immune cells in the lungs and play a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis, regulating metabolism, and facilitating tissue repair. During ALI/ARDS, these versatile cells undergo polarization into distinct subtypes with significant variations in transcriptional profiles, developmental trajectory, phenotype, and functionality. This review discusses developments in the analysis of alveolar macrophage subtypes in the study of ALI/ARDS, and the potential value of targeting new macrophage subtypes in the diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, and treatment of ALI/ARDS.
The Mechanism and Clinical Significance of Sperm DNA Damage in Assisted Reproductive
Authors: Liu Kangsheng , Chen Yajun , An Ruifang
Published: December 2024

The prevalence of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) is significantly higher in males with infertility, which is often associated with oligozoospermia and hypospermia. It can also occur in patients with infertility who have normal conventional semen indicators. The etiologies involve aberrations in sperm maturation, dysregulated apoptotic processes, and heightened levels of oxidative stress. In this article, we retrieved PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science databases for articles and reviews published before February 28, 2024. Using “sperm DNA fragments; assisted reproductive technology, mechanism, clinical pregnancy outcome” as keywords, and comprehensively reviewed on their basis. Numerous literature sources have reported an increased utilization of SDF testing in the context of male infertility, as there is a negative correlation between SDF levels and the success of natural conception as well as assisted reproductive technologies. To enhance the clinical outcome for individuals experiencing infertility, investigating the prevalence and underlying mechanisms of sperm DNA damage is beneficial. This review article delves into the mechanisms that lead to sperm DNA damage and assesses the impact of DNA fragmentation index (DFI) on pregnancy outcomes in the context of assisted reproductive technologies.
The Role of Innate Priming in Modifying Tumor-associated Macrophage Phenotype
Authors: Topham Ben , Hock Barry , Phillips Elisabeth , Wiggins George , Currie Margaret
Published: December 2024

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are innate immune cells that exert far reaching influence over the tumor microenvironment (TME). Depending on cues within the local environment, TAMs may promote tumor angiogenesis, cancer cell invasion and immunosuppression, or, alternatively, inhibit tumor progression via neoantigen presentation, tumoricidal reactive oxygen species generation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Therefore, TAMs have a pivotal role in determining tumor progression and response to therapy. TAM phenotypes are driven by cytokines and physical cues produced by tumor cells, adipocytes, fibroblasts, pericytes, immune cells, and other cells within the TME. Research has shown that TAMs can be primed by environmental stimuli, adding another layer of complexity to the environmental context that determines TAM phenotype. Innate priming is a functional consequence of metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming of innate cells by a primary stimulant, resulting in altered cellular response to future secondary stimulation. Innate priming offers a novel target for development of cancer immunotherapy and improved prognosis of disease, but also raises the risk of exacerbating existing inflammatory pathologies. This review will discuss the mechanisms underlying innate priming including metabolic and epigenetic modification, its relevance to TAMs and tumor progression, and possible clinical implications for cancer treatment.
The Display between HPV Infection and Host Immunity in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Gu Yuanyuan , Li Tingting , Zhang Menglei , Chen Junhao , Shen Fang , Ding Jingxin , Zhou Guannan , Hua Keqin
Published: December 2024

Most cervical cancers are related to the persistent infections of high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Increasing evidence has witnessed the immunosuppressive effectiveness of HPV in the oncogenesis steps and progression steps. Here we review the immune response in HPV-related cervical malignancies and discuss the crosstalk between HPVs and the host immune response. Furthermore, we describe the identification and development of current immunotherapies in cervical cancer. Above all, we hope to provide a novel insight of the display between HPV infections and the host immune system.
Motion Cognitive Decoding of Cross-Subject Motor Imagery Guided on Different Visual Stimulus Materials
Authors: Luo Tian-jian , Li Jing , Li Rui , Zhang Xiang , Wu Shen-rui , Peng Hua
Published: December 2024

Background: Motor imagery (MI) plays an important role in brain-computer interfaces, especially in evoking event-related desynchronization and synchronization (ERD/S) rhythms in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. However, the procedure for performing a MI task for a single subject is subjective, making it difficult to determine the actual situation of an individual’s MI task and resulting in significant individual EEG response variations during motion cognitive decoding. Methods: To explore this issue, we designed three visual stimuli (arrow, human, and robot), each of which was used to present three MI tasks (left arm, right arm, and feet), and evaluated differences in brain response in terms of ERD/S rhythms. To compare subject-specific variations of different visual stimuli, a novel cross-subject MI-EEG classification method was proposed for the three visual stimuli. The proposed method employed a covariance matrix centroid alignment for preprocessing of EEG samples, followed by a model agnostic meta-learning method for cross-subject MI-EEG classification. Results and Conclusion: The experimental results showed that robot stimulus materials were better than arrow or human stimulus materials, with an optimal cross-subject motion cognitive decoding accuracy of 79.04%. Moreover, the proposed method produced robust classification of cross-subject MI-EEG signal decoding, showing superior results to conventional methods on collected EEG signals.
The Correlations between Volume Loss of Temporal and Subcortical Functional Subregions and Cognitive Impairment at Various Stages of Cognitive Decline
Authors: Lu Fang , Shi Cailing , Rao Dingcai , Yue Wenjun
Published: December 2024

Background: The relationship between subregion atrophy in the entire temporal lobe and subcortical nuclei and cognitive decline at various stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is unclear. Methods: We selected 711 participants from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, which included 195 cases of cognitively normal (CN), 271 cases of early Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (EMCI), 132 cases of late MCI (LMCI), and 113 cases of AD. we looked at how subregion atrophy in the temporal lobe and subcortical nuclei correlated with cognition at different stages of AD. The volume of the subregions was measured from the human Brainnetome atlas (BNA-246) using voxel-based morphometry and discriminant and correlation analyses were performed. Results: Only the left premotor thalamus demonstrated significant shrinkage in individuals with EMCI (p = 0.012). Discriminant analysis revealed that the left rostral Brodmann area 20 has the highest discriminatory ability among all temporal subregions to distinguish patients with AD from CN. While the left caudal hippocampus can efficiently distinguish patients with LMCI from EMCI. While the right rostral Brodmann area 20 was the most effective in distinguishing AD from LMCI. Correlation analysis revealed that the left nucleus accumbens, left caudal area 35/36, and left sensory thalamus had a mild correlation with cognitive scores measured using the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-cog) 13 and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Conclusions: Our findings show that the right rostral area 20 in the inferior temporal gyrus plays a significant role in cognitive impairment in AD.
Jugular Vascular Closure and Scar Formation after Leadless Pacemaker Implantation
Authors: Saleem-Talib Shmaila , Hoevenaars Crispijn P. R. , van Driel Vincent J. , van Wessel Harry , van der Heijden Jeroen , Ramanna Hemanth , de Groot Natasja M. S.
Published: December 2024

Background: Achieving hemostasis of large bore venous access sites can be challenging and time consuming. Closure devices have proven to be superior in achieving hemostasis, reducing time to ambulation and improving patient comfort, compared to manual hemostasis techniques after femoral venous and arterial access. The closure of the jugular vein following large bore access has not been investigated in previous studies. In addition, scar formation of the neck after large bore access of the jugular vein has not been investigated. In this study, the safety and feasibility of the double Perclose ProGlide (PP), for achieving hemostasis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) following large bore access with 27 French Micra Transcatheter Pacemaker System (TPS) was examined. Also, the scar formation in the neck after IJV closure was examined during follow-up. Methods: 136 consecutive patients from May 2018 until June 2024, in whom the IJV was closed with a double PP, following Micra TPS implantation were included. All patients were examined for hemostasis of the IJV and vascular complications, resulting in additional interventions. Time to ambulation, discharge and patient discomfort were also assessed. During follow-up the scar formation of the neck was examined. Results: In all patients, the double PP was successful in achieving acute hemostasis of the IJV after large bore access. In all patients, 2 PP were deployed without device failure. One patient required additional manual pressure due to a minor hematoma. Ultrasound guided examination did not reveal any vascular complications. All patients were ambulated immediately. During follow-up, the scar in the neck was hardly visible. Conclusions: Although the PP was designed as a closure device for femoral venous and arterial access, our data suggest that the PP can be used safely as a closure device for the IJV to achieve acute hemostasis, facilitate direct ambulation and improve patient comfort.
Comparative Endothelialization of the Watchman Plug Device and LACBES Pacifier Occluder after Left Atrial Appendage Closure
Authors: Zhou Jing , Zhang Zongqi , Zhang Kandi , Zhang Tiantian , He Qing , Zhang Junfeng
Published: December 2024

Background: For patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) is an alternative to oral anticoagulants (OACs). However, incomplete device endothelialization (IDE) after LAAC has been linked to device-related thrombus (DRT) and subsequent thromboembolic events. Here, the differences in device endothelialization between the Watchman plug device and the LACBES pacifier occluder after implantation were investigated. Methods: Of 201 consecutive patients with indications for LAAC, 101 received a Watchman 2.5 device, and 100 received a LACBES occluder. IDE was defined as a residual flow of contrast agent inside the left atrial appendage (LAA) on cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) without peri-device leak (PDL) at the 3-month and 6-month follow-ups. Results: There were no significant differences in DRT or PDL incidence between the two groups. However, the IDE rate in the absence of PDL was higher in the LACBES group than in the Watchman group at 3 months (42.4% versus 25.8%; p = 0.025) and at the 6-month follow-up (24.7% versus 11.2%; p = 0.028) as determined by CCTA. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that the LACBES occluder took longer to complete endothelialization than the Watchman device after successful LAAC therapy. CCTA is a reliable imaging method for assessing the sealing of LAAC devices and confirming complete device endothelialization.
Heuristic and Hermeneutic Reading of 75 Kufic Towards Ramadan FOKS Indonesia: a Study in Riffaterre’s Semiotics
Authors: Alfalah Adib , Sopian Asep
Published: December 2024

In the current era of digital development, Muslim societies have unique and impactful ways of welcoming Ramadan; for instance, "75 Kufic Towards Ramadan" was initiated by the Friends of Kufic Square Indonesia (FOKS Indonesia) community. This welcome enhances the daily posting of Kufic works on social media for 75 days leading up to Ramadan. However, sometimes ordinary people find reading and understanding posts difficult, even though they contain meaning. Therefore, based on this issue, this research aims to describe the heuristic and hermeneutic reading of the collection of calligraphic works, “75 Kufic Towards Ramadan”. This study adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, employing content analysis techniques, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, focusing on Kufic texts shared in the "75 Kufic Towards Ramadan" series on FOKS Indonesia's official Instagram account (@foksindonesia). Subsequently, this data was analyzed using the heuristic and hermeneutic analysis techniques in Michael Riffaterre's semiotics. This study's findings are presented as an explanation of the heuristic and hermeneutic reading of the “75 Kufic Towards Ramadan” Kufic texts. Among these Kufic texts created by Kufiers are pieces of verse from the Quran, Hadith, and Mahfudzat in Arabic. These Kufic texts essentially represented deep feelings of joy for the Muslim community in welcoming Ramadan, which is full of glory and forgiveness. Consequently, people could receive positive messages and impressions when welcoming the month of Ramadan.
Development of Sharia-based Financial: An Implementation in the Halal Food Industry
Authors: Hermawan Iwan , Hindrawati Gita , Sartono Sartono
Published: December 2024

Islamic studies in Indonesia are rapidly expanding in the financial realm. Sharia-based financial calculations are an important element in ensuring compliance with Islamic Sharia in various financial products and services affiliated with the halal food industry. The principle of sharia calculation in the halal industry includes the formulation of prohibitions such as interest (riba), gambling, fraud, and loss. As a Muslim-majority nation, Indonesia holds significant potential to lead in Islamic economics, particularly in finance. However, the management of information systems in the halal food sector remains underdeveloped, with many halal companies relying on conventional systems instead of Sharia-compliant solutions. This study seeks to address the identified issue by developing a Sharia-compliant information system for the food and beverage industry where the existing information system acquires halal, infaq, sadaqah, and waqf calculations by uploading without involving tax obligations. Data collection was conducted from halal-certified companies with branch offices in Semarang and Surakarta, while user requirements were defined through technical discussions with main managers and branch heads to ensure system relevance. Implementation of system development methods using a prototype approach by acquiring system development theory. In its contribution, feedback from users who are business people in the halal industry includes sharia after tax, displaying suppliers of products that have the legality of halal certification and product prices that are above the price of potential products: so that even though halal production costs more, the resulting information system will be able to control these costs. This system is able to reduce and control costs so that the company remains in the profit corridor.
A Systematic Review of Bioremediation of Soil Pollution Using Different Types of Bacteria 2015-2023
Authors: Abdul Muhsin Zahraa A. , Mutar Samara , Mohammed Nour ulhuda G.
Published: December 2024

Soil contamination from industrial and agricultural activities is a widespread problem threatening environmental and public health. Bioremediation employing bacteria shows promise as a sustainable cleanup approach. To systematically review published research from 2015-2023 on bioremediating soil pollution using diverse bacterial strains. A comprehensive search of Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus identified studies meeting inclusion criteria: focused on bacterial bioremediation of polluted soils under controlled conditions and reported quantitative outcomes. The 87 relevant studies were analyzed covering remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals, pesticides and emerging contaminants using bacteria. Key genera included Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Rhodococcus for hydrocarbons and metal-resistant bacteria. Most optimized conditions in microcosms, with some field pilots showing decontamination over months. This review confirms bacteria effectively biodegrade various soil pollutants under optimized conditions. Continued research is warranted to address technical challenges for field-scale implementation and expand the range of treatable contaminants. Overall, bacterial bioremediation represents a promising sustainable solution for soil remediation.
Isolation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus from Human Breast Milk and Study their Susceptibility to Antibiotics
Authors: Alquraishi Shaimaa Ghanim Abdullah
Published: December 2024

Probiotics have an assortment of implementations in various domains. Nowadays, probiotics are used as a method to prevention many disorders and  treat diseases. In this study was isolated  L.rhamnosus  from breast milk with the intention to studying  their properties as probiotics in view of important it on infant health.  24 positive samples out of 108 have been isolated and identification by using biochemical tests and molecular diagnosis using the 16S rRNA gene.  This research revealed relationship between pregnant period and existence of L.rhamnosus (P-Value  < 0.05). this relationship refers to the milk of mothers who have completed nine months of pregnancy had high percent of L.rhamnosus(75%) compared to mothers who delivery in seventh or eighth month of pregnancy whereas there no relationship ( P-Value  > 0.05)between existence of L.rhamnosus and mother age, infant age and type of delivery. The probiotic potential was assessed by determining antibiotic susceptibility through the disc diffusion method. Among the 24 isolates, resistance was observed to vancomycin and intermediate resistance to penicillin, streptomycin and clindamycin  respectively, while susceptibility was shown to ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and gentamycin  respectively. Notably, none of the isolates exhibited hemolytic activity. Based on these findings, the isolated Lactobacillus rhamnosus displayed promising probiotic characteristics, highlighting human milk as a potential source of these beneficial bacteria
Machine Learning-Driven Density Prediction for Nanomaterials
Authors: Ansaf Shams
Published: December 2024

This paper provides a machine learning method that uses band gap and chemical composition data from the Materials Project database to predict the density of nanomaterials. We developed an improved Random Forest Regressor and compared it against several baseline models, including Linear regression, to demonstrate the superior performance of our approach Using a rigorous preprocessing procedure, we combined elemental characteristics extracted from chemical formulae with band gap data. To improve the random forest hyperparameters and boost the predictive power of the model, we employed grid search cross-validation. Key components that have the biggest effects on nanomaterial density were identified via feature importance analysis. Insights into structure-property correlations in nanomaterials were gained by examining the link between density and band gap. Because machine learning allows for quick density estimates, this work shows how it can speed up the discovery and design of nanomaterials. By enabling high-throughput screening of nanomaterials and directing experimental efforts in materials synthesis and characterization, the created model can be a useful tool for nanotechnology researchers and engineers.
Study the Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Hematological Parameters and Liver Tissue in Rats by two Different ways: Oral Administration and Intravenous Injection
Authors: Turki Maab
Published: December 2024

The objective of this work was to examine the acute toxic effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) on adult male white rats and comparison between orally administration and injection. Fifty experimental animals were randomly divided into two groups, the Orally group and the injection group, each group contains 4 Subgroup with 5 animals for each Subgroup as follows: Orally group: The first group T1 (as positive control group) that administrated 1 ml of distilled water, T2,T3,T4,T5 treated with CeO2 NPs with 50 mg\ml, 250 ml, 500 ml, and 1000 ml, respectively. In addition  Injection group:- T1 (as positive control group) and T2,T3,T4, T5, treated with 50 ml, 250 ml , 500 ml, and 1000 ml, of CeO2 NPs respectively. This study demonstrated no effect of CeO2 NPs on hematological parameters at p-value >0.05, While increase ALT and AST in both groups treated with of CeO2 NPs at p-value <0.05.  Furthermore cause congestion of the central vein with degeneration of hepatocytes in T4. While in high dose don’t show any effect. This study simultaneously concluded the cytotoxic effect in low dose on liver tissue while no effect in high dose. Also this study concluded no  effect on hematological parameters.
Detection of some virulence genes of Staphylococcus aureus that caused Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Abdul hameed Namuq Noorjan
Published: December 2024

Infective Endocarditis (IE), first documented over 350 years ago, is condition characterized by infection of the endocardial membrane of the heart. The clinical presentations of irreversible endocarditis (IE) can affect all organ systems, with the cardiac manifestations including valve vegetation, abscess, periannular extension of infection, and myopericarditis. 230 Blood sample were collected from Infective Endocarditis patients, blood culture used for bacterial growth and identification of bacterial species were completed by microscopic examination, culture characteristics, and biochemical tests, and the use of the Vitek 2 diagnostic system for final identification of the isolated bacteria. Antibiotic sensitivity test for S. aureus were performed by disk diffusion method , mecA and  sarA genes were detected by PCR. 51 positive culture for bacterial growth and 18 were S. aureus bacteria, most of Staph aureus were resistant to ampicillin (100%), amoxiclav (83.3%)and pencillin(94.4%) while they were highly sensitive to Azithromycin, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, Gentamicin, Imipenem, Levofloxacin, Amikacin, and Trimethoprim, which reached 72.22%, 72.22%, 83.33%, 88.89%, 83.33%, and 88.8% 9, 83.33%, 83.33%, 72.22%, and 88.89%, respectively. mecA gene were found in (42,8%)of S. aureus isolates while sarA gene were found in (64.2%). S. aureus have many virulence factors genes that contributed in the infective Endocarditis infection and they were resistant to many antibiotics due to these genes.
Evaluation of latent-transforming growth factor beta-binding protein, dopamine and serotonin in patients with chronic epilepsy according to disease type and body mass index
Authors: Dhamin shakir Saba
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to evaluate some biochemical, immunological, physiological and neurotransmitter variables in chronic epilepsy patients.  The study comprised 60 patients with epilepsy and a control group of 30 healthy persons, aged between 15 and 60 years. The investigation involved quantifying the amounts of dopamine, serotonin, latent-transforming growth factor beta-binding protein 1 (LTBP1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The findings of the present investigation indicated the following: A notable reduction (p≤0.01) in the levels of latent transforming growth factor binding proteins (LTBP1) relative to the control group. A notable elevation (p≤0.01) in the levels of dopamine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was observed in comparison to the control values. A substantial elevation (p≤0.05) in serotonin levels was observed relative to the control data. This study indicated a reduction in the levels of LTBP1. The concentration of dopamine, serotonin, AST, ALT, and ALP is elevated in patients with persistent epilepsy compared to healthy individuals.
Effect of gout milk and bromelain on liver and hematological parameters in male rats
Authors: MOHAMED SAEED ABDULHADI ALI
Published: December 2024

Peptic ulcers occur owing to peptic acid damage to the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in the erosion of the mucosal layer, with lesions exceeding 3-5 mm in depth. Aim of the study: The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of fortified goat milk on the blood, liver and hormone profile in rats by estimating them in blood plasma. To know the effect of goat milk fortified with bromelain on the stomach and intestines affected by ulcers by comparing it with the treatment of omeprazole. The research was conducted from September 2023 to January 2024. A sample of 30 sexually mature male animals was used, randomly distributed into six groups of similar weights, and each group included five rats obtained from the animal house of the College of Veterinary Medicine at Tikrit University. Division of rats occure as A1 healthy control group (untreated and provided only with water and food throughout the experiment period). A2 The infected control group (infected with a gastrointestinal ulcer after being given an oral dose of acetic acid). A3 given an oral dose of goat's milk. A4 given an oral dose of goat's milk fortified with bromelain enzyme. A5 given an oral dose of bromelain enzyme .A6 Group oral administration of omeprazole. The present study showed decrease RBC , Hb, and PCV in T2 group as compared with control(T1), while increased in T3,T4,T5, but no difference between T1 and T6. As for platelets increase in T1, while no differences between T1,T3,T4,T5,and T6. Both GPT and GOT increase in T2 as compared with T1 , while no differences in T3,T4,T5,T6 as compared with T1. Furthermore decrease T3,T4,T5,T6 as compared with T2. As for GPT decrease in T3,T4,T5,T6 as compared with T1 and T2. This study concluded the protective effect of goat milk on rats infected with peptic ulcer and synergical combination of both bromelain  and gout milk  were more effective than alone. This study also concluded increase PCV,Hb,RBC, and decrease GOT,and GPT in peptic ulcer.
On Graph T-topology
Authors: Mahdi Jaber Dr. Saad
Published: December 2024

In this work, a new type of topology called T-topology is generated based on graph G=(V(G),X(G)), and specific types of graphs are discussed for this purpose. The way to generate this type of topology was the open neighborhood N_ω={ω ́∈(V(G):ωω ́∈X(G)}, which is a subbase of topology.
Afet Sonrası Yeniden Yapılanmada Kadın Deneyimleri: 2023 Kahramanmaraş Merkezli Deprem Örnekleri
Authors: Toğrul Efsun
Published: December 2024

Afetler mekânsal, ekonomik ve toplumsal açıdan geri döndürülmesi güç sonuçlar doğururken kentlerin yeniden yapılanmasını da zorunlu kılmaktadır. Kentlerin farklı toplumsal grupları bir arada bulundurduğu düşünüldüğünde her toplumsal grup afetten eşit derecede etkilenmemektedir. Bu durum bir taraftan bazı gruplar için daha derinden etkiler bırakırken, diğer taraftan yeniden yapılanma sürecinde de herkese farklı görevler atfetmektedir. Diğer açıdan afetlerin yıkıcı etkileri toplumdaki bazı gruplar için derin izler bırakmaktadır. Yaşamın ve kuralların askıya alındığı bu sürecin en etkilenen gruplarından olan kadınlar, toplumda üstlendikleri farklı rol ve görevleri nedeniyle her kesimin sorumluluğunu yüklenmektedirler. Bu anlamda kadınlar sürecin en çok etkileneni ve taşıyıcısı olarak rol oynamaktadırlar. Bu çalışma, kadınların afet sonrası yeniden yapılanma ve hayatın yeniden kurulması için hangi pozisyonlarda ne tür roller üstlendiklerini ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın kuramsal tartışması ve araştırma yönteminin kurgulanmasında, toplumsal cinsiyet perspektifi çerçevesinde, kadınların afet koşullarında kendi kimlikleri itibariyle farklı mağduriyetler yaşamalarının yanında, yaşamın yeniden kurulması sürecinde de yine farklı olan bir güç ve kapasite deneyimini ortaya koydukları varsayılmıştır. Kadınlar, afet sonrasında, başta beden ölçeğinde olmak üzere özel yaşamlarını korumak ve kamusal yaşama katılma konusunda farklı taktik ve yöntemlerle var olmaya çalışmaktadırlar. Bu varsayım çerçevesinde 2023 yılında Türkiye’nin 11 ilinde yıkıma yol açan deprem bölgesinde bir nitel analiz yapılmıştır. Araştırmada, kartopu örneklem yöntemiyle alanda bulunan sivil toplum kuruluşu (STK) çalışanları arasından 12 katılımcıyla görüşme gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu görüşmelerin içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları literatürde yapılan çalışmaları desteklerken, bağlam özelinde düşündüğümüzde sürecin Türkiye’deki yapılanma içinde özgün birtakım etkiler ve sonuçlar doğurduğunu da ortaya koymaktadır.
Çoklu Afet Risklerinin Analizinde Çok-Ölçütlü Karar Verme Yöntemi: İskenderun Deneyimleri
Authors: Dursun Defne , Öztaş Doğuşcan , Demirdağ İsmail
Published: December 2024

Ülkemizde yaşanan afetler ne kentlerimizin ne de karar vericilerin afete ve afet sonrası sürecin yönetimine hazır olmadıklarını; dahası etkin bir afet risk yönetimi için gerekli araçların üretimi konusunda da gerekli bilgi birikimi ve pratiğin bulunmadığını göstermiştir. Bu çalışma kent planlama disiplini içerisinde neler yapılabilir sorusuna yanıt arama çabasının sonucu olarak gelişmiştir. Çalışmada çoklu afet risklerinin birlikte analiz edilebilmesi amacıyla çok ölçütlü karar verme yöntemi kullanılarak üretilen ve Planlama Stüdyosu VI kapsamında İskenderun kentsel alanında uygulanan risk analizi yöntemi anlatılmaktadır. Stüdyo çalışması kapsamında 8 farklı senaryo, 16 farklı grup ile İskenderun kent bütünü için yapılan analizlerde belirlenen farklı afet riskleri için tehlike, zarar görebilirlik ve maruziyet temelli göstergeler ağırlıklandırılmış; aynı risklere sahip homojen risk bölgelerin belirlenmesi ile kentsel risk alt bölgeleri oluşturulmuş ve çok ölçütlü karar verme yöntemi ile her bölgenin toplam risk puanı/düzeyi hesaplanmıştır. Test edilen model, afet yönetiminin ilk aşaması olan "riskin tanımlanması" amacıyla üretilen mekânsal risk haritalarının, sakınım ve deprem sonrası müdahale planlarının oluşturulmasında etkili bir araç olabileceğini göstermiştir. Bu haritalar, planlama süreçlerini ve afet risk yönetimini daha etkin bir şekilde yönlendirme potansiyeline sahiptir.
Türkiye’de Tiny House Hareketinin Ortaya Çıkış Süreci ve Yol Açtığı Sosyo-Mekânsal Etkilere İlişkin Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: Aydın Şefika , Özdamar Esen Gökçe
Published: December 2024

Tiny house, maliyetinin düşüklüğü, küçüklüğü, hareket imkânı ve yerden bağımsızlığı nedeniyle kentsel barınma sorununa yönelik alternatif çözümlerinden birisi olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de 2020 yılından itibaren yaygınlaşan tiny house hareketinin ortaya çıkış nedenleri ve yol açtığı sosyo-mekânsal etkiler ele alınmıştır. Nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışmasına uygun olarak tasarlanan araştırmanın veri toplama sürecinde, yazılı ve sesli-görsel doküman incelemesi ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Görüşmeler imar, mekânsal planlama ve tarımla ilgili kamu kurum yetkilileri ve sivil toplum temsilcilerinin yanı sıra tiny house üreticileri ve sektör geliştiricilerinden oluşan 18 kişiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda Türkiye’de tiny house yerleşimlerinin ortaya çıkmasında (1) COVID-19 salgın sürecinde artan doğal alanda yaşama arzusunun, (2) deprem korkusunun, (3) Türkiye’de son yıllarda yaşanan ekonomik sorunların, (4) imar izni gereken alanlarda ruhsatlı sabit yapı inşa etmenin yasal zorluklarının, (5) küçük tarımsal arazilerde seracılık, meyve yetiştiriciliği gibi faaliyetlerde bulunma isteğinin, (6) tiny house’un taşınabilir niteliğe sahip olmasının ve Karayolları Trafik Kanunu’na bağlı olarak üretilmesinin öne çıkan motivasyonlar olduğu görülmektedir. Bu motivasyonlar çerçevesinde tiny house kullanımının yaygınlaşmaya devam edeceği beklenmektedir. Çalışma, mobil tiny house kullanımının yaygınlaşmasının doğal alanların tahribatına, tarım topraklarının ve ormanlık arazilerin amacı dışında kullanımına, yeni plansız yerleşim alanlarının oluşumuna potansiyel etkileri olduğuna ve katılımcıların bu konulardaki ayrışmalarına dikkat çekmektedir.
The Role of Civil Initiatives in Urban Adaptation of Industrial Heritage in Türkiye: Yedikule Gasworks and Serotonin Events
Authors: Haşemi Neda , Gürol Öngören Pelin
Published: December 2024

This article aims to evaluate the processes of the urban adaptation process of industrial heritage sites through the evaluation and transformation of Yedikule Gasworks. The research aims to assess the role of governmental and non-governmental key actors, initiatives, and community-based organizations (CBOs), such as non-governmental organizations (NGOs), in promoting the importance of industrial heritage as cultural heritage in Türkiye. The research seeks to understand how industrial areas, fostered by artist-driven approaches to conservation and participation, defined as Seretonin events, mediate the reintegration of industrial areas into the city. This research aims to evaluate the urban regeneration processes of industrial heritage sites through case studies, taking into account the historical, cultural, urban, and social values of these sites. The research has been centered on exploring the role of participation and the approaches employed in the urban adaptation process, with a particular emphasis on the socio-cultural impacts. Additionally, it considers the contributions of civil society initiatives, volunteer communities, and interdisciplinary artistic endeavors in this transformation. In essence, the study aims to contribute to the ongoing debate surrounding the preservation of cultural heritage and its adaptation as new public spaces within urban environments. To this purpose, the adaptation process of the Yedikule Gasworks is investigated, with particular attention paid to the effects of an interdisciplinary approach to the preservation of industrial heritage. Additionally, case studies are presented that examine the challenges and opportunities associated with reintegrating industrial heritage sites into urban areas.
Synthetic particle image datasets for benchmarking PIV processing algorithms
Authors: Jassal Gauresh Raj , Schmidt Bryan Eric
Published: December 2024

The development of accurate, efficient, and high-resolution velocimetry algorithms to extract velocity fields from particle images is an active area of research. However, the methods in development are typically tested and benchmarked on synthetic data that might be too simplistic when compared to real turbulent fluid flows in nature. Therefore, the methods might perform well on the simplistic ideal test cases, but may fail in the case of real turbulent fluid flows where large velocity gradients, wide range of particle motion, out-of-plane particle displacements, etc. may be present. This report presents synthetic particle images generated from various different direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent fluid flows. Five different DNS flows are considered. The datasets have been made publicly available.
Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia as a Model for Understanding the Cognitive and Cerebral Determinants of Verbal Creativity
Authors: Altmayer Victor , Ovando-Tellez Marcela , Bieth Théophile , BATRANCOURT Bénédicte , Rametti-Lacroux Armelle , Bernardaux Lucy , Moreno-Rodriguez Sarah , Vigreux Lucie , Ledu Vincent , Garcin Beatrice , Migliaccio Rafaella , Le Ber Isabelle , levy richard , Volle Emmanuelle
Published: December 2024

Although creativity is an essential cognitive function to adapt to an ever-changing world, its neurocognitive and cerebral bases still need clarification. Current models highlight the interaction between associative and executive processes underpinned by the default mode, executive control and salience networks, with a central role of the prefrontal cortex. Hence, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), principally impacting the prefrontal cortex and the intrinsic connectivity of these three creativity-related networks, represents a unique model to study creativity. In 14 bvFTD patients and 20 matched controls, we used a simple word-to-word association task (FGAT) to explore the specific cognitive processes involved in the production of creative semantic associations. We dissociated four key cognitive components: spontaneous associative thinking, inhibition of unoriginal responses, intentional remote associative thinking, and verbal initiation. Using voxel-based morphometry and resting-state functional connectivity, we uncovered each component’s critical brain regions and their intrinsic connectivity profiles. BvFTD patients were impaired in the last three components. Two components, cognitive inhibition and intentional remote thinking, mediated the link between atrophy in critical regions and an independent measure of creative abilities. These findings advance our understanding of creative neurocognition, distinguishing components of creative thinking and clarifying their critical cerebral bases, and participate in the characterization of creativity impairment in patients with bvFTD.
On Complex Vibration Intensity and Vortices
Authors: Yabu Takuya
Published: December 2024

The mathematical properties of complex vibration intensity, which is an extension of vibration intensity to complex numbers, were clarified from the constitutive equations of elastic bodies and acoustics in order to obtain knowledge that allows structural design to take vibration intensity into account in the preliminary stage of structural analysis. The mathematical properties obtained were applied to a dynamic absorber, and the properties of the dynamic absorber as revealed by the complex vibration intensity were explained. Finally, the mathematical properties of complex vibration intensity were applied to structural design, and the findings that can be applied to structural design were presented.
Predictive Encryption-Signature Mapping for Autonomous Ransomware Detection
Authors: Karachan Vadim , Holborough Tristan , Montague Quentin , Nightingale Cordelia
Published: December 2024

To tackle the escalating challenge of detecting complex ransomware activities, in this study, we propose a highly innovative framework through advanced predictive mechanisms and encryption-specific profiling. The approach leverages a multi-layered analytical pipeline, integrating adaptive weighting to correlate cryptographic patterns with malicious behaviors, enabling real-time anomaly detection with unparalleled accuracy. High precision was observed across diverse ransomware families, with detection rates exceeding 90\% for variants such as LockBit, REvil, and Conti, even under obfuscated encryption techniques. An entropy-focused anomaly detection component provided robust metrics for distinguishing benign activities from malicious file system manipulations, reducing false positive rates significantly. The system demonstrated exceptional scalability in experimental evaluations, performing efficiently across environments ranging from high-capacity enterprise networks to constrained personal devices and cloud systems. Results emphasized the architecture’s capacity to handle polymorphic and zero-day ransomware, outperforming traditional static signature-based methods and heuristic-driven solutions. Runtime analysis revealed optimized latency for encryption event detection, ensuring practical applicability in real-time security operations. Despite its performance, challenges emerged in managing datasets for hybrid encryption models and edge-case scenarios, offering avenues for refinement. Comparative results demonstrate its advancements, particularly in balancing detection accuracy with resource efficiency, further validated through comprehensive dataset diversity. Overall, the contributions define a forward-thinking approach to autonomous threat detection, advancing the boundaries of cybersecurity innovation.
Muslim Diversity Study: Quantitative protocol and practical insights on engaging New Zealand’s Muslim communities
Authors: Afzali Usman , Badis Jamila Shirley , Khoso Parus , Aqsa Gul e , Ahmed Mazharuddin S. , Ali Aamina , Ali Afrah , Ali Zarqa S. , Arkilic Ayca , Azeem Tuba , Burhoum Hala , Emamzadeh Zahra , Haidary Zahra , Hamid Nasratullah , Husain Iman , Junaid Fatima A. , Khan Mashal , Mustapha-Koiki Adepate , ria hussain , Shawkat Farah , Sulehry Rizwan , Tamimi Mai , Tanveer Sandila , Tasneem Somia , Yogeeswaran Kumar , Sibley Chris G , Bulbulia Joseph , Rasheed Aarif A.
Published: December 2024

The New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study (NZAVS) is a national longitudinal study that aimsto understand social values and attitudes in New Zealand residents by repeatedly trackingresponses in the same people over time. Prior to the Muslim Diversity Study, the NZAVS has beenconsiderably undersampling Muslims, with Muslim participation rates being ten times lower thanthose of other religious groups. The Muslim Diversity Study seeks to recruit a proportionatelyrepresentative cohort of Muslim participants within the NZAVS to involve the Muslim communityin longitudinal scientific research, and to convey results to Muslim community. Our hope is thatby incorporating a broader range of Muslim experiences to the NZAVS, the stories of Muslimadversity and resilience will be more accurately recorded and understood. Such inclusion willenrich the scientific study of human flourishing, address the curiosity of the Muslim communityin understanding its diversity, and contribute practical insights that can lead to the betterment ofthis marginalised community. Here, we describe the motivations for the Muslim Diversity Study,explain how we developed the study in consultation with the Muslim community, outline ourmethods for data collection, and offer practical guidelines for data collection from a culturallydiverse religious community. In the first instance, this article offers a record of our research withMuslims in New Zealand. However, we hope this record will prove useful to investigators whoseek to advance the scientific understanding of human flourishing in other settings through thenational-scale longitudinal study of culturally diverse, marginalised religious communities.