bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from CRISPR Dependency Screens in Primary Hematopoietic Stem Cells Identify KDM3B as a Genotype-specific Vulnerability in IDH2- and TET2-mutant Cells
Authors: Waarts Michael R. , Mowla Shoron , Boileau Meaghan , Martinez Benitez Anthony R. , Sango Junya , Bagish Maya , Fernández-Maestre Inés , Shan Yufan , Eisman Shira E. , Park Young C. , Wereski Matthew , Csete Isabelle , O’Connor Kavi , Romero-Vega Angelica C. , Miles Linde A. , Xiao Wenbin , Wu Xiaodi , Koche Richard P. , Armstrong Scott A. , Shih Alan H. , Papapetrou Eirini P. , Butler Jason M. , Cai Sheng F. , Bowman Robert L. , Levine Ross L.
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is a common premalignant state in the blood and confers an increased risk of blood cancers and all-cause mortality. Identification of therapeutic targets in CH has been hindered by the lack of an ex vivo platform amenable for studying primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Here, we utilize an ex vivo co-culture system of HSPCs with bone marrow endothelial cells to perform CRISPR/Cas9 screens in mutant HSPCs. Our data reveal that loss of the histone demethylase family members Kdm3b and Jmjd1c specifically reduces the fitness of Idh2- and Tet2-mutant HSPCs. Kdm3b loss in mutant cells leads to decreased expression of critical cytokine receptors including Mpl, rendering mutant HSPCs preferentially susceptible to inhibition of downstream JAK2 signaling. Our study nominates an epigenetic regulator and an epigenetically regulated receptor signaling pathway as genotype-specific therapeutic targets and provides a scalable platform to identify genetic dependencies in mutant HSPCs.

Significance: Given the broad prevalence, comorbidities, and risk of malignant transformation associated with CH, there is an unmet need to identify therapeutic targets. We develop an ex vivo platform to perform CRISPR/Cas9 screens in primary HSPCs. We identify KDM3B and downstream signaling components as genotype-specific dependencies in CH and myeloid malignancies.

See related commentary by Khabusheva and Goodell, p. 1768
Data from Oncogenic KRAS-Dependent Stromal Interleukin-33 Directs the Pancreatic Microenvironment to Promote Tumor Growth
Authors: Donahue Katelyn L. , Watkoske Hannah R. , Kadiyala Padma , Du Wenting , Brown Kristee , Scales Michael K. , Elhossiny Ahmed M. , Espinoza Carlos E. , Lasse Opsahl Emily L. , Griffith Brian D. , Wen Yukang , Sun Lei , Velez-Delgado Ashley , Renollet Nur M. , Morales Jacqueline , Nedzesky Nicholas M. , Baliira Rachael K. , Menjivar Rosa E. , Medina-Cabrera Paola I. , Rao Arvind , Allen Benjamin , Shi Jiaqi , Frankel Timothy L. , Carpenter Eileen S. , Bednar Filip , Zhang Yaqing , Pasca di Magliano Marina
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is characterized by an extensive fibroinflammatory microenvironment. During carcinogenesis, normal stromal cells are converted to cytokine-high cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). The mechanisms underlying this conversion, including the regulation and function of fibroblast-derived cytokines, are poorly understood. Thus, efforts to therapeutically target CAFs have so far failed. Herein, we show that signals from epithelial cells expressing oncogenic KRAS—a hallmark pancreatic cancer mutation—activate fibroblast autocrine signaling, which drives the expression of the cytokine IL33. Stromal IL33 expression remains high and dependent on epithelial KRAS throughout carcinogenesis; in turn, environmental stress induces interleukin-33 (IL33) secretion. Using compartment-specific IL33 knockout mice, we observed that lack of stromal IL33 leads to profound reprogramming of multiple components of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, including CAFs, myeloid cells, and lymphocytes. Notably, loss of stromal IL33 leads to an increase in CD8+ T-cell infiltration and activation and, ultimately, reduced tumor growth.

Significance: This study provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying the programming of CAFs and shows that during this process, expression of the cytokine IL33 is induced. CAF-derived IL33 has pleiotropic effects on the tumor microenvironment, supporting its potential as a therapeutic target.
Long-Term Clinical Outcomes Following the WATCHMAN Device Use in Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Zeitler Emily P. , Bian Boyang , Griffiths Robert I. , Allocco Dominic J. , Christen Thomas , Roy Kristine , Cohen David J. , Reynolds Matthew R.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Long-term outcomes following left atrial appendage occlusion outside clinical trials and small registries are largely unknown. Collecting these data was a condition of US market authorization of the WATCHMAN device. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the rates of stroke, bleeding, and death among Medicare beneficiaries following left atrial appendage occlusion implantation during initial commercial availability of the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage occlusion device overall and in important subgroups.

METHODS:

All Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries ≥65 years of age who underwent left atrial appendage occlusion from April 1, 2016, to August 31, 2020, were included based on the
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
, and Current Procedural Terminology codes. Over a 5-year follow-up period, the cumulative incidence over time of mortality, ischemic stroke, and major bleeding were calculated using the
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
, diagnosis codes for the full study cohort and within important prespecified subgroups.

RESULTS:

WATCHMAN recipients (n=48 763) were a median of 77 (interquartile range, 72–82) years of age, 42% female, and mostly White (93%). The median CHA
2
DS
2
VASc score was 4 (interquartile range, 3–5) with prior major bleeding in 42% and prior stroke in 12%. At 5 years, death occurred in 44%, bleeding in 15% (with higher risk early following implantation), and ischemic stroke in 7%. Each of these end points was more common with greater baseline age. Male patients had greater 5-year mortality than female patients (46.9% versus 40.6%), but there was no difference between sexes in the rates of ischemic stroke (6.6% versus 7.5%) or major bleeding (14.9% for both). WATCHMAN recipients with prior ischemic stroke or a major bleeding event were older and frailer; these groups had higher rates of ischemic stroke, major bleeding, and death.

CONCLUSIONS:

Compared with patients enrolled in the pivotal clinical trials, Medicare beneficiaries undergoing WATCHMAN implantation were older, more female, and had more comorbid conditions. Substantial long-term mortality and major bleeding following WATCHMAN reflect the high-risk nature of the patient population, while the ischemic stroke rate was relatively low (<1.5% per year).
The Intersection of Place and Game Design: The Case of Two Classic African Board Games
Authors: Bayeck Rebecca Y. , Bayeck Joseph M.
Published: October 2024

The concept of game design is often associated with a computational creative task or a creation with technology. Automatically linking game design to computational activity or technology may have contributed to the scarce research on the interaction between place and game design. The focus on technology may have excluded indigenous games from game design conversation in the game design literature. This article explores design in the context of two classic African board games. We examine the influence of place on the design of these games. Building on game design and place literature, the article shows the situatedness of game design and it integrates the design of classic African board games into the larger conversation about game design. The article discusses the implications for game-based learning.
Value Deactivated: Waste as an Act of Sweeping
Authors: Kim Jeong Hye
Published: October 2024

This study challenges the conventional perception of waste as a discarded object devoid of use and aims to redefine its nature by dissociating it from the boundaries of value. To achieve this, the term sslgi (sweeping) is proposed to shift the focus of waste management from relegation to obsolescence to active disposition that retains latent value. This conceptual shift redefines “reuse” in design as the activation of the inherent value in objects. This research also explores the creation of novel materials, exemplified by the extraterrestrial material StarCrete, which is composed of dust, soil, and minimal organic additives, along with designers' use of new materials derived from limestone dust and material-driven speculative design that experiments with synthetic (plastic) and natural substances. These cases illuminate the inherent [re]usability of material entities that are ready for activation in multiple interconnected contexts. From this perspective, we can re-view the role of the designer as [re]assembling existing materials and negotiating various influencing factors. Ultimately, this research demonstrates that transcending the binary perceptions of value and worthlessness allows designers to approach [re]use beyond the confines of the production-consumption-disposal paradigms, thereby decoupling objects from the deterministic use values imposed on them.
Revisiting Metaphor as an Analytical Tool for Design Research
Authors: Himaki Elif Sen , Celikoglu Ozge Merzali , Krippendorff Klaus
Published: October 2024

Metaphor has long been a topic of investigation in scholarly design research. Studies across various design contexts have demonstrated the value of deliberately exploring and using metaphors to facilitate different phases of the design process. However, the analytical potential of metaphors has often been overshadowed by their generative use, leaving their significance in the research phase of the design process relatively unexplored. This article aims to broaden our understanding of the role metaphors can play in design, delving into the analytical role of metaphors in human-centered design research, particularly focusing on the insights that users' and other stakeholders' metaphors can offer. We present the rationale for adopting metaphor analysis as a method for design research, drawing on conceptual metaphor theory and evidence from analogous research studies. Acknowledging the natural creativity in language use of ordinary people, we argue for the potential this inherent creativity holds for user research and co-creativity settings. We discuss the value of attending to the metaphors in design research, introduce relevant concepts from linguistic metaphor analysis, and demonstrate their practical application on designers' use of user metaphors. We address the advantages and challenges of adopting metaphor analysis as a method for design research and provide recommendations for designers seeking to instrumentalize metaphors in their design processes.
Video as World Mandala: The Role of Nakajima Kō’s Animaker and Aniputer in Defining a Cosmic Vision of Video
Authors: Horisaki-Christens Nina
Published: October 2024

Early video processing tools present a compelling perspective through which to reconsider the integrated practice of Tokyo-based early video artist Nakajima Kō. The author examines Nakajima’s practice through his concepts of animation, the development of his Animaker (1979) and Aniputer (1982), and his perspective on how video connects to Esoteric Buddhist thought. Concluding with Kō’s 1986 video Mt. Fuji, the author illustrates how the work is representative of the hybrid, analog-digital view of video that leads Nakajima to posit video as a cosmic medium circa 1986.
Hybrid yarn structures as a promising approach for thermoplastic biocomposites
Authors: Ferreira Nicola , Rodrigues Luís , Silva Sofia , Silva Eva , Silva Carla J. , Oliveira Cristina , Oliveira Fernando
Published: October 2024

The field of composite materials is rapidly expanding due to advancements in materials and manufacturing, driven by environmental concerns for reduced weight, increased energy efficiency, and recyclability. While thermoset composites are crucial, thermoplastics are gaining popularity for their sustainability and manufacturing advantages. They offer quicker processing, easier production, and recyclability, aligning with sustainability goals. While carbon, glass, and aramid fibers remain dominant, natural fibers like flax and hemp offer high performance and affordability with lower environmental impact. Natural-based yarns are finding applications in automotive, construction, consumer goods, and sports equipment. Hybrid yarns, blending natural and polymeric fibers, promote ecological solutions. This review outlines the benefits of natural-based hybrid yarns in thermoplastic composites, exploring production methods and current developments in the field.
‘Deception as to Gender’: A Review of Proposed Revisions to CPS Legal Guidance on Rape and Serious Sexual Offences
Authors: Sharpe Alex
Published: October 2024

This article considers recent proposed revisions to Crown Prosecution Service legal guidance on ‘Deception as to Gender’, that were put out for public consultation in September 2022. It does so against a backdrop of a series of sexual offence prosecutions brought against young LGBTQ people since 2012. These prosecutions, especially those brought against trans people, have been widely criticised. The article offers an assessment of the merits of the proposed revisions and their likely impact on prosecution decision-making, if implemented. The article will proceed as follows. Part 2 will provide some background context regarding prosecutions of this type. Part 3 will set out the current law pertaining to sexual fraud. Part 4 will provide a detailed analysis of the proposed revisions and will consider their likely impact on the practice of prosecution, if implemented. The article will argue that, while the proposed revisions strike a better balance between the interests of cis complainants and trans suspects charged with sexual offences, they continue, in important ways, to approach questions of evidence through hetero and cisnormative lenses to the detriment of trans and LGBQ suspects, and they provide a questionable pro-prosecution interpretation of legal doctrine concerning the proper scope of ‘deception as to gender’.
Can Implementing a Developmental Approach to Teacher Preparation Help Diversify the Teaching Force? Presenting An Illustrative Continuum of Four Unique Teacher Candidates
Authors: Allee Karyn A. , Castner Daniel J.
Published: October 2024

Understanding teacher candidates’ (TCs’) developmental needs and framing teacher preparation with those in mind can provide education programs with actionable ways to further TC development that generate positive outcomes for them and their students. This novel case study explored four initial certification TCs’ teacher performance and stages of development to develop a profile of each. Increasing teacher candidate/novice teacher self-efficacy and professional agency empowers them, supports improved student learning in P-12 education, and may be especially important for those seeking alternative certification, particularly as we seek to diversity the teaching force. Implications and suggestions for teacher preparation programs are provided.
Mouse aversion to induction with isoflurane using the drop method
Authors: Bodnar Maya J. , Makowska I. Joanna , Boyd Courtney T. , Schuppli Catherine A. , Weary Daniel M.
Published: October 2024

Isoflurane anesthesia prior to carbon dioxide euthanasia is recognized as a refinement by many guidelines. Facilities lacking access to a vaporizer can use the “drop” method, whereby liquid anesthetic is introduced into an induction chamber. Knowing the least aversive concentration of isoflurane is critical. Previous work has demonstrated that isoflurane administered with the drop method at a concentration of 5% is aversive to mice. Other work has shown that lower concentrations (1.7% to 3.7%) of isoflurane can be used to anesthetize mice with the drop method, but aversion to these concentrations has not been tested. We assessed aversion to these lower isoflurane concentrations administered with the drop method, using a conditioned place aversion (CPA) paradigm. Female C57BL/6J (OT-1) mice ( n = 28) were randomly allocated to one of three isoflurane concentrations: 1.7%, 2.7%, and 3.7%. Mice were acclimated to a light–dark apparatus. Prior to and following dark (+ isoflurane) and light chamber conditioning sessions, mice underwent an initial and final preference assessment; the change in the duration spent within the dark chamber between the initial and final preference tests was used to calculate a CPA score. Aversion increased with increasing isoflurane concentration: from 1.7% to 2.7% to 3.7% isoflurane, mean ± SE CPA score decreased from 19.6 ± 20.1 s to –25.6 ± 23.2 s, to –116.9 ± 30.6 s ( F1,54 = 15.4, p < 0.001). Our results suggest that, when using the drop method to administer isoflurane, concentrations between 1.7% and 2.7% can be used to minimize female mouse aversion to induction.
Second-order DSC-based adaptive fuzzy tracking control for uncertain unmanned helicopter with fixed-time stability
Authors: Tao Fazhan , Ren Ruonan , Fu Zhumu , Wang Nan , Ma Haoxiang
Published: October 2024

The pervasive system uncertainties present a significant threat to the operation of unmanned helicopter and even lead to irreversible losses, such as fuselage crash and casualties. In this article, combining the fixed-time stability theory, an adaptive fuzzy second-order dynamic surface tracking control strategy is proposed for the attitude and altitude system of the uncertain unmanned helicopter. The fuzzy logic system is constructed to approximate the system uncertainties. The second-order dynamic surface control method is constructed to solve the explosion of computational complexity caused by the increase of power series and repeated differentiation. To verify the proposed control strategy ensures that all the signals of the uncertain unmanned helicopter are bounded and the setting time is independent of the initial conditions, the Lyapunov stability theory is utilized. Finally, the simulations are carried out to verify the property of the investigated control strategy.
Research on multi-source information fusion based on sliding window-factor graph for autonomous underwater vehicle
Authors: Ma Xiao-shuang , Li Chen-long , Liu Xi-xiang
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the high-precision real-time navigation requirements of autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV)-integrated navigation system, an AUV multi-source information fusion algorithm based on sliding window-factor graph (SW-FG) was proposed in this paper. First, the SW-FG model for the AUV-integrated navigation system is constructed using the factor graph (FG) theory. Second, historical factor nodes and estimated variable nodes are selected by a fixed-width window, and the information factors are updated by window sliding and updating. Finally, the forward and backward message passing of the FG are performed within the sliding window to achieve the smoothed optimal estimation of the current navigation state through the weighted combination of the two navigation solutions. Simulation results show that the proposed SW-FG algorithm can significantly enhance the real-time navigation solution accuracy of the AUV-integrated navigation system. Compared with the regular FG filtering algorithm, the horizontal positioning accuracy of the proposed SW-FG algorithm is improved by 17.17%. Semi-physical experimental results verify the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed scheme, and the horizontal positioning accuracy is improved by 7.28%.
Self-Regulated Learning and Learning Outcomes in Undergraduate and Graduate Medical Education: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zheng Binbin , Sun Ting
Published: October 2024

Self-regulated learning (SRL) plays a pivotal role in medical education. There is a pressing need for a meta-analytical review to comprehensively evaluate the effect sizes of SRL strategies across diverse learning outcomes and levels of medical trainees. A meta-analysis was executed by searching five databases and resulted in 61 studies that met our inclusion criteria. A three-level meta-analysis was performed to examine the association between SRL strategies and various levels of learning outcomes (i.e., affective, cognitive, and behavioral learning outcomes). Moderator analyses were conducted using meta-regression, considering factors such as types of learning outcomes, training levels, SRL subscales, and quality of the studies. The analysis yielded an average effect size of .212, using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, demonstrating a positive and significant association between SRL strategies and overall learning outcomes. Although our moderator analyses indicated that SRL subscales and study quality did not significantly influence the relationship between SRL strategies and learning outcomes, SRL strategies had a more pronounced effect on affective outcomes than on test scores, behavioral outcomes, and mental health outcomes. In addition, the association between SRL strategies and learning outcomes were significantly higher among the clerkship phase of undergraduate medical education than the pre-clerkship phase.
A new method of calculating the disruption index based on open citation data
Authors: Jiang Yuyan , Liu Xueli
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the method of calculating the disruption index (D index) based on COCI (the OpenCitations Index of Crossref open DOI-to-DOI citations), breaks through the difficulties brought by the acquisition of massive citation data and verifies the reliability of the method of calculating the disruption index based on open citation data based on empirical research. Through empirical research, we found that (1) there is little difference in the number of citation data of focus papers in Web of Science (WoS) and COCI; (2) the levels of disruptive innovation of the papers calculated based on the WoS and COCI are significantly strongly correlated; (3) among the D index and related extended indicators calculated based on COCI, [Formula: see text] has the strongest correlation with peer-review indicators, which is consistent with the calculation results based on WoS. Given the broad disciplinary coverage of COCI, although it has not yet been able to fully replace the function of commercial citation databases in research assessment, it can undoubtedly serve as an important source of citation data for further the disruption index and other scientometrics research thereafter.
the use of TASC to develop a selection of tools for effective thinking1The author wishes to acknowledge the significant contributions of Suzanne Williams, Raeme Goves-Jacka, Herman Yip, Anna Eriksson, John Rose, Kim Vincent and Marisa Del Pin in the writing of this article.
Authors: Maltby Florence
Published: October 2024

This article describes a simple experiment that was carried out in order to see whether students improved in their thinking strategies as a result of training in the use of the TASC method of problem solving. An activity that was used to develop consensus decision making is then described together with some real life problems.
let’s share the wealth
Authors: Menke Cajetan J.
Published: October 2024

In the ensuing article the author suggests a fresh approach to teaching gifted students. While this idea may seem to be a matter of common sense, it does not seem that many schools have taken advantage of its opportunities. A collaborative approach to subject matter offers everyone the opportunity to excel in areas that are particularly interesting to them. In a word, variety is the spice of life; collaborative teaching is the elixer of the academic schedule.
Prognostic factors of pain, disability, and poor outcomes in persons with neck pain – an umbrella review
Authors: Gerard Thomas , Naye Florian , Decary Simon , Langevin Pierre , Cook Chad , Hutting Nathan , Martel Marylie , Tousignant-Laflamme Yannick
Published: October 2024

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify prognostic factors pertaining to neck pain from systematic reviews.

Data sources

A search on PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL was performed on June 27, 2024. Additional grey literature searches were performed.

Review methods

We conducted an umbrella review and included systematic reviews reporting the prognostic factors associated with non-specific or trauma-related neck pain and cervical radiculopathy. Prognostic factors were sorted according to the outcome predicted, the direction of the predicted outcome (worse, better, inconsistent), and the grade of evidence (Oxford Center of Evidence). The predicted outcomes were regrouped into five categories: pain, disability, work-related outcomes, quality of life, and poor outcomes (as “recovery”). Risk of bias analysis was performed with the ROBIS tool.

Results

We retrieved 884 citations from three databases, read 39 full texts, and included 16 studies that met all selection criteria. From these studies, we extracted 44 prognostic factors restricted to non-specific neck pain, 47 for trauma-related neck pain, and one for cervical radiculopathy. We observed that among the prognostic factors, most were associated with characteristics of the condition, cognitive-emotional factors, or socio-environmental and lifestyle factors.

Conclusion

This study identified over 40 prognostic factors associated mainly with non-specific neck pain or trauma-related neck pain. We found that a majority were associated with worse outcomes and pertained to domains mainly involving cognitive-emotional factors, socio-environmental and lifestyle factors, and the characteristics of the condition to predict outcomes and potentially guide clinicians to tailor their interventions for people living with neck pain.
Efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training with physical therapy for low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lim Youngeun , Do Yerim , Lee Seon Heui , Lee Haneul
Published: October 2024

Objective

To assess the efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training and physical therapy interventions in patients with low back pain.

Data sources

The Ovid–Medline, Ovid–Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PEDro databases were searched for randomised, controlled trials published in English or Korean between database inception and September 2024.

Review Methods

Studies providing pelvic floor muscle training in individuals with low back pain were included. The risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool and the grading of recommendation, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) system was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software 5.4.

Results

Nineteen studies were included in this review. Pelvic floor muscle training showed low certainty evidence for improving pain (standardised mean difference = −0.73, 95% CI [−1.10, −0.36]) and reflected a clinically meaningful reduction in pain. The evidence for disability improvement had a low certainty (mean difference = −5.21, 95% CI [−7.15, −3.26]) due to high heterogeneity. Substantial improvements in pain and disability were observed when pelvic floor muscle training was added to standard physical therapy, with low certainty of evidence supporting these findings. Whereas pelvic floor muscle training substantially improved pain compared to other interventions, there was no marked improvement in disability.

Conclusion

Pelvic floor muscle training is potentially beneficial in addition to physical therapy for reducing low back pain, particularly in pregnancy-related cases. However, the evidence should be interpreted considering the quality and risk of bias.
A gradient model of renal ischemia reperfusion injury to investigate renal interstitial fibrosis
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhu Baoping , Ozols Elyce , Bai Haitao , Jiang Mengjie , Ma Frank Y , Nikolic-Paterson David J , Jiang Xiaoyun
Published: October 2024

Background: The progression from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease poses a significant health challenge. Nonetheless, a constraint in existing animal models of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is the necessity for a severe injury, almost reaching a life-threatening level, to trigger the subsequent onset of renal fibrosis. Hence, we explored an adapted gradient approach to induce I/R injury, aiming to promote the progression of renal fibrosis while preserving the overall normal functioning of the kidney. Methods: In each group, 6-8 male C57BL/6 mice were used for model construction, with all undergoing sodium pentobarbital anesthesia and left kidney removal. Subsequently, a silk thread was passed beneath the lower renal branch, elevating the right kidney under a 20-g weight’s tension via a pulley system for durations of 30, 40, or 60 min. Afterwards, we lowered the kidney, sutured the wound, and administered intraperitoneal saline. Mice in different groups were euthanized following reperfusion for 1, 3, 7, or 28 days. Results: We observed a complete cessation of blood flow in the lower pole, while an incomplete cessation in the upper pole in the elevated kidney. Significant renal impairment was evident on day 1 with a 60min ischemic period (187.0 ± 65.3 vs 17.9 ± 4.8 μmol/L serum creatinine in normal; p < .001), but not with 30 or 40min. On day 1, tubular necrosis and hyaline cast formation was evident in both lower and upper poles. On day 3, renal function returned to normal and remained normal through day 28. Histologic damage resolved in the upper pole over days 3 to 7, resulting in normal histology on day 28. By contrast, there was sustained tubular damage tubular in the lower pole on days 3 and 7, which failed to resolve and led to significant renal fibrosis by day 28. Conclusion: We created a model demonstrating clinically “silent” renal fibrosis.
‘Who Can Forgive Sins but God Alone?’ Third-Party Forgiveness and Christian Practice
Authors: Peterson Andrew J.
Published: October 2024

In recent years, third-party forgiveness has received renewed attention, much of it negative. While a few have undertaken important attempts to defend or expound accounts of third-party forgiveness, many suspect that it is incoherent, vicious, or both. If true, this would be bad news for Christians, for Christians rely on notions of third-party forgiveness for their accounts of salvation and pastoral authority. I think there is reason to think that some notions of third-party forgiveness can overcome the critics’ worries. In what follows, I argue that third-party forgiveness is more common, coherent, salutary, and diverse in species than many critics suppose. After considering key objections to third-party forgiveness, I offer a constructive account of it that makes sense of these objections while also defending the underlying concept and act. What emerges from this defense is a newfound appreciation for the diverse species of third-party forgiveness. Still, some of these species are more intelligible and safeguarded from declension than others, and I conclude by examining the limits of third-party forgiveness by considering its most contentious species.
A data-driven method combining knowledge graph with deep learning for constructing machining process knowledge base
Authors: Ma Liping , Tian Xitian , Huang Lijiang , Yang Fan , Shi Xiaolin
Published: October 2024

Under the paradigm of intelligent manufacturing, web-based intelligent CAPP will become the trend of machining process planning. Machining process knowledge base is the foundation for implementing web-based intelligent CAPP. Massive historical machining process planning data accumulated in different sources become the main carrier of machining process knowledge. Hence, web-based intelligent CAPP puts forward the demand for data-driven construction of machining process knowledge base. Heterogeneous knowledge and unstructured data pose challenges for data-driven construction of machining process knowledge base. This article proposes a data-driven method combining knowledge graph with deep learning for constructing machining process knowledge base to provide more effective support for web-based intelligent CAPP. Firstly, a unified ontology model of machining process knowledge which integrates multi-domain machining process knowledge at the fine-grained semantic level is proposed, providing a unified semantic structure for the acquisition and organization of machining process knowledge based on distributed and unstructured process data. Secondly, a deep learning model consisting of Bert, Bi-LSTM, and CRF models deployed within the federated learning framework is proposed to automatically extract structured machining process knowledge from unstructured process texts with improved performance. Eventually, the prototype system for machining process knowledge graph construction can verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Policy implications of renewable energy technology, information and communication technology, and circular economy on employment levels
Authors: Yi Zhang , Jie Zhao , Xinhong Luo , Bo Li , Sohail Muhammad Tayyab
Published: October 2024

Employment level is vital in measuring an economy's overall health. Thus, economists always search for factors that can promote employment. However, most past studies have considered traditional economic factors as determinants of employment, while ignoring the novel factors such as renewable energy technology, information and communication technology (ICT), and circular economy. To plug this loophole in the literature, the current analysis intends to investigate the influence of renewable energy technology, ICT, and circular economy on employment. We employ the cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) framework for empirical investigation of the analysis. In the long-run, renewable energy technology, ICT, and circular economy foster the level of employment. In addition, human capital promotes the level of employment, while inflation lowers the level of employment in long run. In the short run, only human capital favorably influences employment. Policymakers must use renewable energy technology, ICT, and circular economy as policy options to promote employment levels.
Design and analysis of soft flexible gripper of robot using Taguchi-fuzzy logic analysis
Authors: CH Vasanth Kumar , Sethuramalingam Prabhu , Rao V Ragavendra
Published: October 2024

Grasping various shaped objects poses a few challenges such as irregular shapes, soft surfaces, and varying sizes of the object. To enable the gripper to overcome these challenges, this paper proposes the use of multi-fingered soft grippers. The main objective of this research work is to optimize the gripping force and surface area of contact through an experimental and computational study of an automated multi-fingered adaptive soft gripper. Deflection, stress distribution, and pressure distribution for three and four-fingered grippers are compared computationally. The experimental investigation is performed to optimize inlet pneumatic pressure, and the contact force applied on the object by the gripper. A gripper failure protection mechanism is also devised and employed which regulates the over-expansion of the gripper by incorporating a closed-loop feedback mechanism with the help of an FSR sensor which not only regulates the input pressure while gripping but also prevents the gripper from exerting excess pressure on the object being gripped. Optimization reliability tests were validated and revealed that the test results were within the estimated level of confidence. A Fuzzy logic model was created based on Experimental results on three-finger flexible gripper actuation on a Robot and predicted the optimum results accurately with the high confidence level.
Organizational Climate and its Impact in a Women’s Prison on the Mental Health of Correctional Staff
Authors: Kim Joseph , Caspers Heather , Jahic Ilma , TenNapel Mindi
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore the organizational climate in a women’s prison from the shared perceptions of correctional staff. This study was part of the Prison Research and Innovation Network (PRIN) project, which began in the fall of 2020. Forty-two correctional staff from a low-medium security women’s prison in the Midwest were interviewed in spring 2021. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify staff’s perceptions of organizational climate in the women’s correctional facility. The themes identified as most important to staff were mental health, correctional practices, job satisfaction, and workplace culture. An item pool was developed from the themes identified, and a newly developed organizational climate survey was administered to 80 correctional staff. Qualitative data point to the issues of staff shortages and mandated overtime work impacting the mental health of staff. In addition, organizational climate and its impact on mental health were examined through multiple logistic regressions. The results indicated that having job promotion opportunities, having daily communication between staff and administration, and staff’s knowledge and awareness of correctional policies were positively associated with mental health. This mixed-methods study contributes to understanding the unique challenges correctional staff face working in women’s correctional facilities.
Dynamic analysis of stepped cylindrical shells with internal bulkheads utilizing characteristic orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Gao Cong , Lu Lin , Wang Hongfu , Pang Fuzhen , Tang Yang , Li Haichao
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the dynamic properties of stepped cylindrical shells with internal bulkheads. A numerical analysis framework is formulated utilizing the Jacobi polynomials-Ritz method. The construction of the theoretical model incorporates a domain decomposition technique, virtual spring method, and the shear deformation theory, with the introduction of the characteristic orthogonal polynomials to delineate displacement functions. Both the free and forced vibrational behaviors of the structure are obtained by using the Ritz method. Moreover, the time-domain vibration response of the structure is ascertained utilizing the Newmark- β integral approach. This study offers a detailed examination of the influence exerted by factors including spring stiffness, truncation number, and the Jacobi parameter on the convergence of the presented method. The accuracy of the current approach is verified by juxtaposing its results with those derived from the finite element method. Additionally, the investigation explores the dynamic features of the stepped structure subject to different construction parameters, boundary conditions, and configurations of internal bulkheads, as demonstrated through a comprehensive set of numerical examples.
The Impact of Economic Policies on Creating Restaurant Startups
Authors: Mao-Clark Xiaodan , Koh Yoon , DeFranco Agnes , Back Ki-Joon
Published: October 2024

This study uncovers how two economic policies—incentive alignment and risk-aversion mitigation—affect the creation of new restaurant startups based on agency theory. Through the analyses of all restaurant projects on Kickstarter.com from 2014 to 2019 in the United States, this study found that state-level free market policies (for incentive alignment) and social safety-net spending (for risk-aversion mitigation) significantly enhance state-level restaurant startup activities. Findings also show that the two policies simultaneously bolster startup activities. This study contributes to the literature by examining the dynamics of both economic policies, reflecting two main goals of the agency theory, as prior literature seldom combines the two, despite capitalism being a mixed-market system encompassing both free market policies and social safety-net programs.
Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Hygienic Practices of Food Handlers in Yeka Sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mulat Medina , Birri Dagim Jirata , Kibret Tilahun , Alemu Wongelawit Moges , Geteneh Alene , Mihret Wude
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Foodborne diseases pose a significant global public health threat, often originating from improper food handling practices. Given the crucial role of food handlers in preventing transmission of foodborne diseases, this study assessed the food safety knowledge, attitudes, and hygiene practices related to foodborne diseases among food handlers in food service establishments in Yeka Sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Method:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 373 randomly selected food handlers. Data collection involved observing the kitchen hygiene practices and food handling practices through an observational checklist, and administering structured/standardized questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20, with associations examined using the linear by linear association test. Spearman’s correlation assessed relationships between knowledge, attitude, and practice cut points. Pre-testing and Cronbach’s alpha were used to ensure the reproducibility, and reliability of the questionnaire.

Results:

Majority of food handlers (50.1%) were aged less than 25 years, with 78.8% being female, and attended secondary school (46.4%). The overall knowledge (65%), positive attitude (92.2%), and hygiene practices (44%) of the food handlers toward food safety were good. Regarding the knowledge perspective, gaps existed in understanding disease transmission, notably Hepatitis A and tuberculosis. Although positive attitudes toward food safety were reported, observed practices were inconsistent, with a significant proportion admitting to working while ill. Compliance with uniform and protective gear was lacking. Marital status, Experience in food safety, and Work satisfaction has been shown to affect the knowledge, attitude, and hygiene practices of food handlers in this study.

Conclusion:

This study highlights critical gaps in understanding disease transmission, and hygiene practices of food handlers in Yeka sub-city. Addressing these gaps will necessitate targeted interventions, including continuous education and training programs. Enhanced regulatory oversight is also needed to ensure compliance with food safety standards in public food establishments.
Influence of earthquake ground motion types on the seismic responses of wind turbines
Authors: Yuan Yufeng , Bi Kaiming , Zuo Haoran
Published: October 2024

Given the rapid expansion of the wind energy sector, many wind farms are being constructed in regions susceptible to earthquakes, making it crucial to assess the seismic fragility of wind turbines. However, limited research efforts have been devoted to investigating the influence of earthquake ground motion types on the responses of wind turbines. In the present study, an elaborate three-dimensional finite element model of an example wind turbine is developed using ABAQUS, and the dynamic responses of the wind turbine under four types of ground motion are recorded in the same earthquake, namely a near-field pulse-like record with the forward-directivity effect ground motion, a near-field pulse-like record with the fling-step effect ground motion, a near-field non-pulse ground motion, and a far-field ground motion, are analysed and compared. In addition, an investigation is carried out into the influence of permanent ground displacement on the seismic responses of the wind turbine. Following that, the fragility curves for the specified damage states of the wind turbine tower are constructed, considering different ground motion types and pulse periods. The results show that the seismic responses of wind turbines are significantly influenced by the ground motion type and pulse period, while the permanent ground displacement has a marginal effect.
The Value of Topological Radiomics Analysis in Predicting Malignant Risk of Pulmonary Ground-Glass Nodules: A Multi-Center Study
Authors: Wang Miaoyu , Wei Yuanhui , Zhu Minghui , Yu Hang , Guo Chaomin , Chen Zhigong , Shi Wenjia , Ren Jiabo , Zhao Wei , Yang Zhen , Chen Liang-an
Published: October 2024

Background

Early detection and accurate differentiation of malignant ground-glass nodules (GGNs) in lung CT scans are crucial for the effective treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. However, existing imaging diagnostic methods often struggle to distinguish between benign and malignant GGNs in the early stages. This study aims to predict the malignancy risk of GGNs observed in lung CT scans by applying two radiomics methods: topological data analysis and texture analysis.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 3223 patients from two centers between January 2018 and June2023. The dataset was divided into training, testing, and validation sets to ensure robust model development and validation. We developed topological features applied to GGNs using radiomics analysis based on homology. This innovative approach emphasizes the integration of topological information, capturing complex geometric and spatial relationships within GGNs. By combining machine learning and deep learning algorithms, we established a predictive model that integrates clinical parameters, previous radiomics features, and topological radiomics features.

Results

Incorporating topological radiomics into our model significantly enhanced the ability to distinguish between benign and malignant GGNs. The topological radiomics model achieved areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.85 and 0.862 in two independent validation sets, outperforming previous radiomics models. Furthermore, this model demonstrated higher sensitivity compared to models based solely on clinical parameters, with sensitivities of 80.7% in validation set 1 and 82.3% in validation set 2. The most comprehensive model, which combined clinical parameters, previous radiomics features, and topological radiomics features, achieved the highest AUC value of 0.879 across all datasets.

Conclusion

This study validates the potential of topological radiomics in improving the predictive performance for distinguishing between benign and malignant GGNs. By integrating topological features with previous radiomics and clinical parameters, our comprehensive model provides a more accurate and reliable basis for developing treatment strategies for patients with GGNs.
Lifestyle Medicine Implementation in Family Medicine Clinic
Authors: Bashir Kiren , Johnson-Gonzalez Courtney B. , Dhiman Akshima , Crawford Timothy N. , Lee Jennifer S.
Published: October 2024

Background: Lifestyle medicine, a patient-centered approach promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors, is an evidence-based tool for preventing and treating chronic diseases. It has been shown to reduce the burden of physical and psychological diseases. Despite this, clinical implementation is lagging, with physicians facing barriers effectively encouraging lifestyle change. Objective: This project studies the Lifestyle Medicine Assessment (LMA) tool regarding ease of implementation and influence on patient motivation, perception of lifestyle changes, and satisfaction. Methods: A two-pronged approach was conducted. First, the implementation time was recorded for multiple encounters (N = 42). Next, a different subset of patients (N = 22) receiving the LMA completed a pre- and post-encounter survey about their motivation to change, perception of lifestyle changes on well-being, and visit satisfaction. A control group (N = 21) also received these surveys. Results: The average time of application was 7.12 min. Intragroup scores for motivation to change were significantly higher in the LMA group post-intervention ( p LMA = .001), but not in the control group. Conclusion: These results show the potential benefits of the LMA tool in a clinical setting, demonstrating realistically achievable implementation times and increased patient motivation regarding better lifestyle choices. Providers should consider using the LMA tool to promote lifestyle change within their practice.