bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДО ПИТАННЯ ПРО ПЕРСПЕКТИВНІ З’ЄДНАННЯ АВІАКОНСТРУКЦІЙ ІЗ ПОЛІМЕРНИХ КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ
Authors: Zabashta V. F.
Published: July 2020

В статті пропонується один із способів з’єднання елементів конструкцій планера літального апарату із полімерних композиційних матеріалів (переважно вуглепластиків). Проаналізовані аналоги конструктивно-технологічних особливостей кріпильних систем, призначених для з’єднання композитних елементів конструкцій, утворюємих при наявності тільки однобічного підходу в зону поставлення кріплення, а саме витяжна заклепка (ВЗ). В статті вона складається з корпуса, сердечника, циліндричної втулки, а також має контрувальну ділянку (запірне кільце відсутнє). Вибір матеріалів заклепки здійснений з урахуванням щільності струму корозії. Запропонована формалізована конструктивно-технологічна схема логічної структури цієї витяжної заклепки (ВЗ-схема).
ПРОБЛЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОЦЕССАМИ ПОДДЕРЖАНИЯ ЛЕТНОЙ ГОДНОСТИ ВОЗДУШНЫХ СУДОВ НА ОСНОВЕ НЕПОЛНОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ
Authors: Salimov R. V. , Maksymov V. O. , Surovtsev O. Yu. , Yurchenko O. I.
Published: July 2020

В статье рассматриваются вопросы поддержания летной годности воздушных судов на основе анализа надежности компонентов воздушных судов. Рассматриваются новые подходы для обеспечения их надежности используя модели сложных систем. Предлагаемый подход дает общую идею построения формальной теории синтеза управлений и позволяет строить практические методы математического моделирования сложных систем. Выбор критериев и ограничений соответствует выбору факторов и характера действий, с помощью которых достигается выполнение задач. Принципиальная зависимость управляющих воздействий от достоверности гипотез отражает важнейшее свойство системы управления - адаптацию, как средство разрешения неопределенности. Это свойство систем управления делает их гибким и чувствительным инструментом управления любой сложной системой.
ВЛИЯНИЕ МОЩНОСТИ ЛАЗЕРА И СКОРОСТИ СВАРКИ НА МИКРОСТРУКТУРУ СВАРНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ ОБЪЕМНОГО МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКОГО СТЕКЛА НА ОСНОВЕ Zr
Authors: Haiyan Wang , Ma Yanyi , Zhang Yupeng , Dong Chunlin , Yi Yaoyong , Xi Huai
Published: July 2020

Лазерная сварка используется для сварки объемного металлического стекла (BMG) Zr67.8Cu24.7Al3.43Ni4.07 и в работе изучено влияние мощности лазера и скорости сварки на микроструктуру соединений BMG. Вследствие высокой скорости и высокой плотности энергии лазерной сварки в зоне сварного шва структура остается аморфной. Некоторые нанозерна образуются в зонесварного шва и способствуют улучшению микротвердости. Кристаллизация расплава в зоне сплавления, граничащей с зоной термического влияния (ЗТВ), ухудшает твердость материалов. Соединение, сваренное лазером мощностью 600 Вт со скоростью 110 мм / с, имеет самую низкую степень кристалличности. Большая мощность лазера или меньшая скорость сварки могут привести к чрезмерному накоплению тепла в ЗТВ.
ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ СКЛОННОСТИ СВАРНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ СПЛАВА НА ОСНОВЕ γ-АЛЮМИНИДА ТИТАНА К ХОЛОДНОМУ РАСТРЕСКИВАНИЮ ПРИ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЛУЧЕВОЙ СВАРКЕ
Authors: Velikoivanenko E. A. , Milenin A. S. , Rozynka G. F. , Vrzhyzhevskyi E. L. , Piskun N. V. , Taranova T. G. , Zvorykin C. O. , Zvorykin V. L.
Published: July 2020

Проведенo численное моделирование склонности пластин различной толщины сплава на основе алюминида титана к холодному растрескиванию при электронно-лучевой сварке встык. Обнаружено, что зарождение холодных трещин при сварке может происходить как на стадии охлаждения в результате высоких напряжений в области шва и зоны термического влияния, так и на стадии нагрева, когда на периферии сварной конструкции формируется поле растягивающих уравновешивающих напряжений.Показано и экспериментально подтверждено, что равномерный подогрев перед сваркой и контролируемое остывание сварного образца позволяет получать бездефектные соединения пластин различных толщин.
ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-АНАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ БАЗА ДЛЯ РОЗРАБОТКИ МЕТОДИЧЕСКИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ПО ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЮ И УКРУПНЕННЫМ РАСЧЕТАМ СЕБЕСТОИМОСТИ ГРАЖДАНСКИХ САМОЛЕТОВ НОВОГО ПОКОЛЕНИЯ В СЕРИЙНОМ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ
Authors: Krivov G. A. , Matviienko V. A. , Rudko A. N. , Khokhotva V. V. , Chitak V. G. , Dveirin A. Z. , Romanovich G. N.
Published: July 2020

В статье представлена информация иллюстрирующая внимание, которое уделяют ведущие мировые производители, проблеме управления затратами при реализации программ создания пассажирских и транспортных самолетов. Отмечается особая важность корректной оценки затрат на начальных стадиях реализации проектов, когда принимается большинство концептуальных решений, определяющих уровень затрат на проект в целом. Представлены результаты проведенного авторами аналитического обзора отечественных и зарубежных публикаций, посвященных оценке затрат на разработку и серийное производство самолетов разных поколений. Сформулировановидение авторов относительно планируемых к разработке методик оценки затрат на созданиеотечественных гражданских самолетов.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ СОЗДАНИЯ УГЛЕПЛАСТИКОВ СО СТАБИЛЬНЫМИ ФИЗИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКИМИ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМИ
Authors: Manko T. A. , Romenska O. P. , Samusenko O. A. , Rybalko A. V.
Published: July 2020

В работе рассмотрены технологические аспекты создания углепластиков. Показана перспективность применения инфракрасного излучения и модифицирования наполнителей в процессе изготовления изделий с целью получения стабильных и повышенных физико-механических характеристик.Проведен сравнительный анализ межслойной прочности на границе «наполнитель–связующее» углепластиков, изготовленных на основе традиционных и модифицированных наполнителей по штатной технологии (конвективный нагрев) и с применением инфракрасного нагрева.
ГЕРМЕТИЧНОСТЬ ФЛАНЦЕВГО СТЫКА ЦЕЛЬНОКОМПОЗИНОГО ТОПЛИВНОГО БАКА
Authors: Litot O. V. , Manko T. A. , Potapov O. M
Published: July 2020

Статья посвящена вопросу обеспечения герметичности фланцевого стыка цельнокомпозитного топливного бака из углепластика. На основании представленных исследований установлена целесообразность отдельных конструктивно-технологических решений фланцевых стыков. Представлены выводы по работе и оценка полученных результатов.
FACTORS AFFECTING ADHERENCE TO RECOMMENDED MEDICATIONS AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IN A SELECTED TEACHING HOSPITAL, SRI LANKA
Authors: Dassanayaka I.M.M. , Dayananda K.K.V.P. , Amarasekara Thamara D.
Published: July 2020

Background: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of adherence and factors affecting adherence to recommended medications among patients with COPD in a selected teaching hospital, Sri Lanka.
Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used among conveniently selected (n=184) participants who attended to the Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka. Data were collected using a pre-tested (n=10) interviewer-administered questionnaire and Morisky Green Levine Scale from January to March 2019.
Results: Most of the participants were male (108, 58.7%) and above 65 years old (108, 58.7%). Among all participants, 121 (65.8%) adhered to the recommended medications for COPD, and 63 participants (34.2%) were non-adhered. Demographic factors were not associated with adherence. Number of prescribed respiratory drug classes, number of respiratory medication on the last prescription, number of doses per day, vaccination (pneumococcal, influenza), using an electronic device to remember the time of administering medicine, (p<0.05) were significantly associated with adherence. According to the binary logistic regression analysis, clear and understandable written instructions in dispensing label (p<0.05) were significantly associated with adherence.
Conclusions: Most of the participants adhered to the recommended medications for COPD. Health education interventions might enhance the sustainability of adherence to recommended medication among patients with COPD.
CULTIVATION AND INGESTIBILITY OF ANGOLE PEAS (CAJANUS CAJAN) IN SAHEL GOAT IN NIGER
Authors: Saidou Ousseina , M. Mouctari Ousseini Mahaman , Barhiré Ridouane Ibrahim , Guimbo Iro Dan
Published: July 2020

This study was conducted on the experimental site of the Faculty of Agriculture of Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey. Objective of the work is to study the culture of species Cajanus cajan while determining its applicability to the Sahel goat. Germination test was carried out in petri dishes. Experimental set-up consists of 360 pockets distributed in three blocks each containing four plots of which three plots received urea, three received the NPK, three others received the manure and in the end three were kept as controls. Time between the establishment of grain culture in petri dishes and first appearance of radicle is one day and the staggering of germination is four days. The emergence of seedlings was observed 7 days after sowing in pockets. The seeds have a germination rate of 67.14%. At the first harvest, biomass production is 78.84; 89.42 and 79.87kg / ha respectively for plants treated with urea, NPK 15-15-15 and for plants treated with manure. Production of control plants is 50.45 kg / ha. Species Cajanus cajan has a higher appetence rate (80%) compared to species Leuceuna lecocephala and Gliricidia sepium which have respectively 66.66 and 46.66%.
Respon dan Tanggapan Siswa terhadap Komponen dan Kegiatan Pembelajaran Matematika Menerapkan Pendekatan Eksplorasi-Elaborasi-Konfirmasi (EEK)
Authors: Sripatmi Sripatmi , Ningsih Ratna Wahyu
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui respon dan tanggapan siswa terhadap komponen dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan EEK. Berdasarkan pengamatan saat pembelajaran diperoleh hasil bahwa: i) sebagian besar siswa memperhatikan informasi dan menjawab pertanyaan guru; ii) bersemangat saat diskusi mengerjakan LKS dan LLS; iii) Memperhatikan saat temannya presentasi dan guru memberikan klarifikasi (konfermasi). Berdasarkan jawaban angket yang diberikan kepada siswa diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: i) lebih dari 60 % siswa menyatakan senang terhadap materi pelajaran, media pembelajaran, suasana pembelajaran, dan cara guru mengajar; ii) lebih dari 60 % siswa menyatakan bahwa media pembelajaran dan cara guru mengajar adalah baru; iii) sebagian besar siswa tidak merasa terbebani oleh tugas-tugas yang diberikan guru dan aktivitas pembelajaran matematika menarik; iv) 85, 3% berminat apabila kegiatan pembelajaran selanjutnya menggunakan cara pembelajaran yang telah diikuti dan 100%ÃÂ  siswa menyatakan bahwa matematika bermanfaat dalam kehidupan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa kelas IX C SMP Negeri 12 Mataram memberikan respon dan tanggapan yang baik terhadap komponen dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan EEK
Pengaruh Green Product dan Green Price Terhadap Minat Beli Konsumen Pada Produk Tupperware (Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Manajemen FE UNISLA)
Authors: Elvierayani Rivatul Ridho , Choiroh Fisati
Published: July 2020

Plastic has become a part of human daily life. Its non-recyclable nature makes many questions arise about safe plastic used as a container for food and drinks. So many consumers are interested in buying products made from plastic that are safe for health and friendly to the environment. This study aims to analyze and discuss the effect of green products and green prices on consumer buying interest in tupperware products (case study in Management students of the Faculty of Economics, Lamongan Islamic University). The research method used is quantitative research. The sample used is nonprobability sampling with a purposive sampling technique with a total of 100 respondents. Data analysis used was validity, reliability, classic assumption test and multiple linear regression using SPSS 20. Mathematics models for the influence between green products and green prices on Tupperware products is . The results showed that there was a positive influence between green products and green prices on Tupperware products on buying interest of Lamongan Islamic University management students. The results of the coefficient of determination () of 0.332, meaning that green products and green prices contribute to influence consumer buying interest by 33.2% while the remaining 66.8% is influenced by other variables outside the variables studied by researchers.AbstrakPlastik sudah menjadi bagian keseharian manusia. Sifatnya yang tidak bisa didaur ulang menjadikan banyak pertanyaan yang muncul seputar plastik yang aman digunakan sebagai wadah untuk makanan dan minuman. Sehingga banyak konsumen yang tertarik untuk membeli produk berbahan plastik yang aman bagi kesehatan maupun ramah terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis dan membahas pengaruh green product dan green priceÃÂ  terhadap minat beli konsumen pada produk tupperware (studi kasus pada mahasiswa Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Islam Lamongan). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif.ÃÂ  Sample yang digunakan merupakan nonprobability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah 100 responden. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah validitas, reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik dan regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan software SPSS 20. Model matematika diperoleh ÃÂ sebagai representasi pengaruh green product dan green price terhadap minat beli konsumen pada produk Tupperware. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh positif antara green product dan green price pada produk tupperware terhadap minat beli mahasiswa manajemen Universitas Islam lamongan. Hasil nilai koefisien determinasi ÃÂ sebesar 0,332, artinya green product dan green price berkontribusi mempengaruhi minat beli konsumen sebesar 33,2% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 66,8% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain di luar variabel yang diteliti oleh peneliti.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model PBL Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa SMP PGRI (Disamakan) Sungguminasa
Authors: Tahir Sitti Rahmah
Published: July 2020

One ability that students must master is problem solving. Increasing studentsÃ¢â¬â¢ problem-solving ability will improve their mindset. The alternative used to increase studentsÃ¢â¬â¢ problem-solving ability is applying Problem Based Learning model. This study aims to understand the presence or absence of the application of the model of the application of Problem Based Learning to the problem solving of students of class VII PGRI (Equated) Sungguminasa. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design of the Control Posttest Group. The population in this study in all VII class SMP PGRI (Disamakan) Sungguminasa and selected class VII A as an experimental class with consultations with the Problem Based Learning model and class VII C as a control class with training in direct learning models involving the community. The technique of collecting data in this study is the test then analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics using the t test (Independent Sample t-test). Based on the results of the study concluded that the Problem Based Learning model determines the problem-solving abilities of students of class VII SMP PGRI (Disamakan) Sungguminasa.AbstrakSalah satu kemampuan yang harus dikuasai oleh siswa adalah pemecahan masalah. Meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah akan berpengaruh pada peningkatan mindset siswa. Salah satu cara yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemapuan pemecahan masalah siswa adalah dengan mengaplikasikan model Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh penerapan model Problem Based Learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas VII SMP PGRI (Disamakan) Sungguminasa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain Control Group Posttest Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh kelas VII SMP PGRI (Disamakan) Sungguminasa dan terpilih kelas VII A sebagai kelas eksperimen dengan perlakuan model Problem Based Learning dan kelas VII C sebagai kelas kontrol dengan perlakuan model pembelajaran langsung yang mewakili populasi. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu tes kemudian dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial menggunakan uji t (Independent Sample t-test). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa model Problem Based Learning berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas VII SMP PGRI (Disamakan) Sungguminasa.
Kemampuan Pegawai Terhadap Profesionalisme Pelayanan Publik
Authors: Berthanilla Rethorika , Sukendar  , Firdausi Indrianti Azhar , Yulianti Rachmi
Published: July 2020

Kemampuan pegawai merupakan bagian kepribadian yang mendalam dan melekat kepada seseorang serta perilaku yang dapat diperidiksi pada berbagai keadaan dan tugas pekerjaan, sehingga suatu kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh seseorang atau sekelompok pegawai untuk memenuhi kepentingan orang lain dengan berdasarkan kepada prosedur dan metode yang telah ditetapkan agar dapat diterima oleh orang lain sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Artikel ini betujuan menelaah seberapa besar pengaruh kemampuan pegawai terhadap profesionalisme pelayanan administrasi di Kantor Kecamatan Picung Kabupaten Pandeglang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif, menggunakan Analisis korelasi produc moment, dengan pengumpulan data ini menggunakan kuesioner, jumlah sampel sebanyak 82 orang. Hasil yang ditemukan bahwa kemampuan pegawai mempunyai pengaruh yang kuat terhadap profesionalisme pelayanan adminsitrasi, apabila kemampuan pegawai meningkat maka prfesionalisme pelayanaan adminsitasi juga akan mengalami peningkatan yang berarti bahwa kemampuan pegawai telah sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan organisasi sehingga dapat memberikan pelayanan administrasi kepada masyarakat secara profesional.

Kata Kunci : Kemampuan Pegawai, Profesionalisme, Pelayanan Publik
Perubahan Strategi Diplomasi Amerika Serikat Terhadap Konflik Internal Suriah pada Tahun 2013 - 2014
Authors: Syuryansyah  , Feraera Andrialius
Published: July 2020

Artikel ini menjelaskan alasan atau motif di balik adanya perubahan strategi diplomasi dari hard power menjadi soft power yang dilakukan oleh Amerika Serikat dalam Konflik Internal Suriah. Perubahan strategi diplomasi tersebut dilakukan setelah melakukan kalkulasi untung rugi dimana strategi soft power dipertimbangkan lebih menguntungkan bagi Amerika Serikat baik dari segi ekonomi dan politik daripada menggunakan strategi diplomasi hard power sebagai sarana diplomasi dalam konflik internal yang terjadi di Suriah. Amerika Serikat kemudian mengubah strategi diplomasinya menjadi soft power yang berimplikasi pada ditariknya seluruh armada kapal perang Amerika Serikat dari Perairan Mediterania.

key word: Strategi, Diplomasi, Konflik, Hard Power, Soft Power, Amerika Serikat, Suriah
UNDER THE SECURITY UMBRELLA: JAPAN’S WEAK STORYTELLING TO THE WORLD
Authors: Snow Nancy
Published: July 2020

A Review Essay by Nancy Snow

Japan Rearmed: The Politics of Military Power
Sheila A. Smith. Harvard University Press, 2019.
National Identity and Japanese Revisionism:
Abe Shinzo’s Vision of a Beautiful Japan and Its Limits
Michal Kolmaš. Routledge, 2019.
Peak Japan: The End of Great Ambitions
Brad Glosserman. Georgetown University Press, 2019.
Keywords—US-Japan relations, US-Japan Security Alliance, strategic communication, strategic communications, national identity
Superhéteros
Authors: Cambra Badii Irene , Michel Fariña Juan Jorge
Published: July 2020

Editorial del Ética y Cine Journal, Volúmen 9, Número 2, Julio 2019.
Islamic law in modern times
Authors: Adygamov R. K.
Published: July 2020

This article is devoted to the problem of Islamic law development in modern times. Economic and political backwardness of Muslim countries and especially the fall of the Ottoman Empire exacerbated the crisis of Muslim social thought. It led to searching the ways out of the current situation. Moreover, the revival movement encouraged theologian lawyers to search the ways of formalizing and popularizing Islamic law among Muslims. Within the framework of the problem, we consider the reasons that infl uenced the process of Islamic Law revival, as well as the results of this process. Economic, social and political events in the Islamic world triggered the processes of the education system modernization, led to the revaluation of Islamic Legal Heritage. All these transformations caused the creation of research centres and number of conferences and weeks devoted to the problems of Islamic law came in response to all the changes.
Studies at the Аjmeri gate: Delhi College under the Late Mughals
Authors: Kozlova A. A.
Published: July 2020

During the XVIII–XIX centuries there was a suffi cient number of educational institutions of various levels in Mughal capital. The existing institutions met the needs of the citizens in obtaining education fully enough. Delhi College was the most popular among all of them. The time of establishment of this educational institution and the identity of the founder is still open to discussions. Europeans who traveled to Delhi or who were there on service at the end of the XVIII and the beginning of the XX centuries often mention this college among Delhi’s places of interest. They also describe in details the appearance of the architectural complex. The former Gazi-ud-din Madrasa was changing and adapting itself to the modern realities of Delhi, remaining one of the major attractions of the city and the most famous and desirable among the educational institutions. Delhi College continued its educational activities despite occasionally inadequate funding. Its alumni and teachers made a great contribution to the development of culture and social thought in Delhi in the XIX century.
Patriotic appeals of Soviet Muslim leaders to their coreligionists during the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Mukhetdinov D. V. , Akhmadullin V. A. , Akhmadullina Z. V.
Published: July 2020

The years of the Great Patriotic War became the time of the USSR peoples rallying against the aggressors, where the heads of religious associations played a signifi cant role. The article analyzes little-known facts of the patriotic activities of Muslim leaders of the USSR. Due to the fact that the USSR government had been negative to Islam for a long time, many events concerning the relations between the Soviet state and Muslims were not widely publicized, and many documents had been kept secret for long periods. Therefore, when arrays of these documents were declassifi ed, researchers got the opportunity to detect and analyze them. Such facts and documents were of great importance for our article. We also found out that some of them were described thoroughly in a little-known modern literature of the latest times. The authors of the article show that the leaders of Soviet Muslims were fully patriotic from the fi rst days of the Great Patriotic War. The leaders of Soviet Muslims rallied Soviet citizens and revealed the true goals of the aggressors.
«If the mosques open, who will visit them?»: Kasimov Tatars religious life in 1943 on the basis of the data by G.P. Snesarev
Authors: Safarov M. A. , Seitov E. M.
Published: July 2020

Studying the everyday life of the religious and understanding the relations between the USSR government and the religion requires insertion of new sources of information. Fragments of the materials by G.P. Snesarev devoted to the existence of Islam among Kasimov Tatars fi rst published in this paper makes it possible to fi nd out the key junctures in the history of the religion. Dated by the end of 1943 this report demonstrates the realities of the new Soviet policy towards the religion. Detailed information about the spreading of ritual practices, about the processes of secularization, describing the «life without a mosque» and the status of women of the period expands our knowledge of the social history and the situation with Islam in the USSR.
Introduction by Zamakhshari (d. 1144) to his commentary of the Qur’an «al-Kashshaf»
Authors: Frolov D. V.
Published: July 2020

The publication is presented in a form of a commented translation of the Introduction to the Tafsir of the Qur’an «al-Kashshaf», authored by the last major representative of the muʻtazilite school, Jar Allah az- Zamakhshari (1075-1144). In this book the theologian describes two levels of understanding of the Holy Scripture. He names Rhetoric as the main science that is necessary for revealing all the secret truths, and also displays the main motives of his commentary writing. The Preface to the translation describes the distinctive features of Zamakhshari’s exegetical method and gives an analysis of the Introduction.
On Averroes’ response to al-Ghazali’s critique of philosophy
Authors: Ibrahim T. , Efremova N. V.
Published: July 2020

The article serves as an introduction to the translation of the book «The Incoherence of the Incoherence» (Tahafut at-Tahafut) by the peripatetic philosopher Ibn Rushd (Averroes, 1126–1198), written in response to the work of the theologian-asharite al-Ghazali (1058–1111) «The Incoherence of the Philosophers» (Tahafut al-Falasifa). The paper highlights the motives of al-Ghazali’s attack on Muslim peripatetism (Falsafa) and its infl uence on the fate of this school in the Muslim world. The research describes the basic understanding of the Falsafa picture of the world that comes as a framework for the discussions unfolding the fi rst of the three main points of al-Ghazali’s criticism, which is the thesis of the world eternity. The connection between Ibn Rushd’s book and his earlier theological and polemical treatises as «On the Correlation between Philosophy and Religion» and «On the Methods of Proof for the Principles of Creed» is shown.
On the development of the terminological base of modern theological researches in the fi eld of practical application of Islamic economic models in Russia
Authors: Shagimardanov A. R.
Published: July 2020

The following paper bases on an analysis of relevant scientifi c material, the Russian Federation legislation and includes an empirical study that is a sociological survey of Muslim entrepreneurs. Thus, the author proposes his own defi nition of the term «Islamic business», which is understood as socially responsible entrepreneurship based on Islamic Law (Sharia) following, where social responsibility comes as a seminal formulation. In conclusion, the author encourages the researchers to intensify theological studies of a new economic phenomenon in the context of observing the ethical standards of Sharia.
«Islamic psychology: from theory and research to practice». The experience of participating in the international educational program in Indonesia
Authors: Pavlova O. S. , Algushaeva V. R. , Verchenova E. A. , Khaybullin I. N. , Erofeev V. A.
Published: July 2020

The article analyzes the content of the international intensive educational program on Islamic psychology at Indonesian Islamic University in Yogyakarta, where, for the fi rst time, fi ve experts from Russia took part in 2019. This training of Russian psychologists in Indonesia became possible on the ground of an agreement between the Association of Psychological Assistance to Muslims (Russia) and Indonesian Islamic University. The article is presented as an analysis of the lectures and discusses the content of Forgiveness Therapy. It also highlights the specifi cs of psychological counseling in overcoming depression in the context of Islam. Based on the analysis of the content of the international program «Islamic Psychology: From Theory and Research to Practice» in Indonesia, the paper reveals the prospects for the further development of psychological counseling of Muslims in Russia.
Chapter 5_Xác định và mô tả vấn đề nghiên cứu - Identifying a research problem and question, and searching relevant literature
Authors: Tung Dao Duy
Published: July 2020

Before you create a research proposal, you need to identify a problem to address and then a question or questions to askregarding your targeted problem. This chapter first discusses the nature of a research problem, where you might get ideas for a problem to investigate, narrowing down or focusing on a particular problem to address, and writing good research questions.
Chapter 2 - Các loại hình nghiên cứu khoa học - Types of scientific research on management context
Authors: Tung Dao Duy
Published: July 2020

In any particular field, normal research is performed in accordance with a set of rules, concepts and procedures called a paradigm, which is well accepted by the scientists working in that field. In addition, the basic and applied researches can be quantitative or qualitative or even both (mixed research).
Chapter 6_Tổng quan tài liệu - Literature review_conducting & writing
Authors: Tung Dao Duy
Published: July 2020

A literature review is an integrated analysis-- not just a summary-- of scholarly writings that are related directly to your research question. That is, it represents the literature that provides background information on your topic and shows a correspondence between those writings and your research question.
Probabilistic model for flexural strength of cementitious materials containing CNTs
Authors: Ramezani Mahyar , Kim Young Hoon , Sun Zhihui
Published: July 2020

The bond between carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and cementitious materials is the key characteristic for predicting the flexural strength. However, the dispersion quality dominantly changes bond mechanisms. A probabilistic approach can benefit a robust model development to capture various relations. This study proposes a probabilistic model based on the deterministic Kelly-Tyson theory to predict the flexural strength of CNT reinforced cementitious materials. The proposed model considers the influences of multiple experimental variables and their interactions on CNT dispersion quality and the flexural strength. A Bayesian methodology is adopted to calibrate the unknown model parameters and their statistical uncertainty using extensive experimental test results from the literature including the authors’ work. The proposed model can be reliably used to predict the flexural strength with reasonable accuracy.
Controversies on Twitter about new approaches to recruitment practices and ethical issues of gamifying activities
Authors: Martin Lydia , Inowlocki Philippe , Taly Antoine , Ferrer Marie-Hélène
Published: July 2020

Our article aims to understand the reasons for an unusual resonance in the traditional media and on the Twitter social network of an article published specifically following the integration of the TV show concept "The Voice" into the recruitment practices. Introducing a game into a work environment is a gamification process, i.e. associating game mechanics with contexts that do not originally have them. The Voice is a TV entertainment to recruit future singers. Some job search agencies have organized events inspired by the TV show. Our study is based on a semantic analysis of the conversation on twitter about these events. By focusing on the increased use of Twitter we show that this wave of media and twitter messages may reveal ethical issues related to this form of gamification. Specifically the non-respect of the magic circle could be revealed by the controversies via and on Twitter. Potential applications of this research include the use of gamification in the field of professional insertion and the professional ethics to be followed by designers of training through serious games.
The relative psychometric function: a general analysis framework for relating psychological processes
Authors: Maniscalco Brian , Castaneda Olenka Graham , Odegaard Brian , Morales Jorge , Rajananda Sivananda , Denison Rachel , Peters Megan A. K.
Published: July 2020

Psychophysics seeks to quantitatively characterize relationships between objective properties of the world and subjective properties of perception. However, traditional approaches investigate psychophysical dependencies of perception on stimulus properties on a case by case basis rather than seeking to identify quantitative relationships among these psychological processes themselves. This latter goal is particularly important when the processes in question likely depend on each other in some way, such as is the case for subjective experience and task performance: typically, stronger physical stimuli lead to better performance and stronger subjective experiences of clarity, vividness, or confidence. But is the relationship between performance and subjective experience fixed, or can it vary, e.g. by task or attentional demands? Such questions are key for better understanding psychological processes in general, and subjective experience in particular. Here, we develop and showcase a new psychophysical method designed to answer such questions: relative psychometric function (RPF) analysis, which characterizes the nonlinear psychometric relationships between psychological processes and how these relationships change under different circumstances (e.g. experimental manipulations). We demonstrate the advantages of RPF analysis using a sample dataset in which human subjects discriminated random dot kinematogram stimuli which varied in dot motion coherence and overall dot density (dots per visual degree), and rated confidence. RPF analysis revealed systematic changes in the relationship between performance and two subjective measures (confidence and metacognitive sensitivity) due to dot density and task design choices. While these empirical results are intriguing in their own right, they also show how RPF analysis can reveal changes in quantitative relationships between any two psychological measures: performance, vividness, clarity, reaction time, confidence, and more. To encourage the scientific community to use RPF analysis on their data, we also present our open-source RPF toolbox.
Beyond Vernacular: Measurement Solutions to the Lexical Fallacy in Disgust Research
Authors: Armstrong Thomas , Wilbanks Danica , Leong Daniel , Hsu Kean J.
Published: July 2020

Disgust may play an important role in several mental disorders, in part because disgust seems impervious to corrective information, a feature noted long before it was studied by clinical psychologists. A deeper understanding of disgust could improve not only the treatment of mental disorders, but also other societal problems involving this peculiar emotion. In this paper, we review the measurement of disgust and identify issues that hold back progress in understanding how to treat this emotion. First, self-report measures of disgust, although optimized in terms of reliability, are compromised in terms of validity due to the “lexical fallacy,” that is, the assumption that vernacular usage of emotion terms reveals natural kinds. Improved self-report measures that parse disgust from neighboring states of discomfort and disapproval can address this limitation, but these approaches are absent in clinical psychology. Second, “objective” measures of disgust, although free of vernacular limitations, require greater psychometric scrutiny. In a critical review, we find that most instrument-based measures fail to demonstrate adequate reliability, rendering them unsuitable for the individual differences research crucial to clinical psychology. In light of this assessment, we provide several recommendations for improving the reliability and validity of disgust measurement, including renewed attention to theory.
Detecting Careless Responding in Survey Data Using Stochastic Gradient Boosting
Authors: Schroeders Ulrich , Schmidt Christoph , Gnambs Timo
Published: July 2020

Careless responding is considered a bias in survey responses without regard to the actual item content which constitutes a threat to the factor structure, reliability, and validity of psychological measurements. Different approaches have been proposed to detect aberrant responses such as probing questions that directly assess test-taking behavior (e.g., bogus items), auxiliary or paradata (e.g., response times), or data-driven statistical techniques (e.g., Mahalanobis distance). In the present study, gradient boosted trees, a state-of-the art machine learning technique, are introduced to identify carleess responders. The performance of the approach was compared to established techniques previously described in the literature (e.g., statistical outlier methods, consistency analyses, and response pattern functions) using simulated data and empirical data from a web-based study, in which diligent vs. careless response behavior were induced. The comparison between the results of the simulation and the online study showed that simulations that rely on prototypical pattern of careless responses tend to overestimate the classification accuracy. Gradient boosted trees outperform traditional detection mechanisms in flagging aberrant responses, especially by including response times as paradata, but are not to be misunderstood as a panacea of data cleaning. We critically discuss the results with regard to their generalizability and provide recommendations for the detection of aberrant response patterns in survey research.
Post-capture processes contribute to statistical learning of distractor locations in visual search
Authors: Sauter Marian , Hanning Nina M. , Liesefeld Heinrich R , Müller Hermann J.
Published: July 2020

People can learn to ignore salient distractors that occur frequently at particular locations, making them interfere less with task performance. This effect has been attributed to learnt suppression of the likely distractor locations at a pre-selective stage of attentional-priority computation. However, rather than distractors at frequent (vs. rare) locations being just less likely to capture attention, attention may possibly also be disengaged faster from such distractors – a post-selective contribution to their reduced interference. Eye-movement studies confirm that learnt suppression, evidenced by a reduced rate of oculomotor capture by distractors at frequent locations, is a major factor, whereas the evidence is mixed with regard to a role of rapid disengagement However, methodological choices in these studies limited conclusions as to the contribution of a post-capture effect. Using an adjusted design, here we positively establish the rapid-disengagement effect, while corroborating the oculomotor-capture effect. Moreover, we examine distractor-location learning effects not only for distractors defined in a different visual dimension to the search target, but also for distractors defined within the same dimension, which are known to cause particularly strong interference and probability-cueing effects. Here, we show that both oculomotor-capture and disengagement dynamics contribute to this pattern. Additionally, on distractor-absent trials, the slowed responses to targets at frequent distractor locations—that we observe only in same-, but not different-, dimension conditions—arise pre-selectively, in prolonged latencies of the very first saccade. This supports the idea that learnt suppression is implemented at a different level of priority computation with same- vs. different-dimension distractors.
Auditory feedback is used for adaptive control of timing in speech
Authors: Karlin Robin , Parrell Benjamin , Naber Chris
Published: July 2020

Real-time altered auditory feedback has demonstrated a key role for auditory feedback in both online feedback control and in updating feedforward control for future utterances. Much of this research has examined control in the spectral domain, and has found that speakers compensate for perturbations to vowel formants, intensity, and fricative center of gravity. The aim of the current study is to examine adaptation in response to temporal perturbation, using real-time perturbation of ongoing speech. Word-initial consonant targets (VOT for /k, g/ and fricative duration for /s, z/) were lengthened and the following stressed vowel (/æ/) was shortened. Overall, speakers did not adapt to lengthened consonants, but did lengthen vowels by nearly 100\% of the perturbation magnitude in response to shortening. Vowel lengthening showed continued aftereffects during a washout phase when perturbation was abruptly removed. Although speakers did not actively adapt consonant durations, the adaptation in vowel duration leads to the consonant taking up an overall smaller proportion of the syllable, aligning with previous research that suggests that speakers attend to proportional durations rather than absolute durations. These results indicate that speakers actively monitor duration and update upcoming plans accordingly.
A Response to Michael Spitzer’s Commentary
Authors: Lahdelma Imre , Eerola Tuomas
Published: July 2020

The authors respond to the commentary of Michael Spitzer which appeared in Vol. 14, No. 1-2 of Empirical Musicology Review. The response 1) points out the problem with equating between nostalgia and tension in the perception of single chords, 2) makes a case why studying the role of vertical harmony isolated from other musical cues is insightful, and 3) questions the relevance of appoggiaturas as an explanation for the perception of nostalgia in single chords.
Managing through uncertain times: A study to understand the effects of conducting socio-academic life online during COVID-19
Authors: Chatterjee Anisha , Chatterjee Ankita
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused uncertainty and disruptions in daily life. It has mandated social distancing and online education. Teens are spending a significant amount of time online and less time on extracurricular activities including team sports, choir/orchestra, and school socials. The cancellation of SAT, the switch to online AP exams, and the Credit/No Credit policy for 2nd-semester all contribute to the uncertainty in teens regarding their future. Our project aims to create a survey that seeks opinions from teens about how they are managing with online socialization, the effectiveness of the online school, and stress levels. Using convenience sampling, adolescents (n = 168) were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey. Participants were asked about the effectiveness of online socializing, online education, hobbies, and extracurriculars to determine stress levels. We looked at models with two dependent stress variables: “low energy, insomnia and headache” and “forgetfulness and disorganization”. We used descriptive, regression, and correlation analysis to assess what the predictors of anxiety and stress are. Results show that stress levels are highly correlated with online exposure, online schooling, credit/no credit, and home environment. The research focuses on the areas where we can better support teens during lockdown situations by building safer environments for online socialization, and online education.
Polarization of Climate Politics Results from Partisan Sorting: Evidence from Finnish Twittersphere
Authors: Chen Ted Hsuan Yun , Salloum Ali , Gronow Antti , Ylä-Anttila Tuomas , Kivelä Mikko
Published: July 2020

Prior research shows that public opinion on climate politics sorts along partisan lines. However, they leave open the question of whether climate politics and other politically salient issues exhibit tendencies for issue alignment, which the political polarization literature identifies as among the most deleterious aspects of polarization. Using a network approach and social media data from the Twitter platform, we study polarization of public opinion toward climate politics and ten other politically salient topics during the 2019 Finnish elections as the emergence of opposing groups in a public forum. We find that while climate politics is not particularly polarized compared to the other topics, it is subject to partisan sorting and issue alignment within the universalist-communitarian dimension of European politics that arose following the growth of right-wing populism. Notably, climate politics is consistently aligned with the immigration issue, and temporal trends indicate that this phenomenon will likely persist.
Of States and Monsters: Negotiating the Self and the Other in Early Indian States
Authors: Bhattacharya Sagnik
Published: July 2020

It is a well-known principle in philosophy that to define the self, cultures have traditionally relied on defining their other. However, defining the ‘self’ and the ‘other’ in a complex ethno-linguistic milieu such as South Asia has traditionally not been very easy. Earlier research by Romila Thapar (1971) and Aloka Parasher-Sen (1978) have demonstrated how a variety of ancient texts have used the category of mleccha in Sanskrit or malikkha in Pali to refer to the ‘other’ as recognized vis-a-vis the ‘Hindu’ self. However, not only do Thapar and Parasher-Sen both highlight the inconsistencies in the use of the term, they also fail at locating a precise theory of ‘othering’ employed in ancient India. This paper, uses a variety of Sanskrit sources in formulating a ‘theory of othering’ that can be effectively demonstrated to have been operative as evident from the Mahabharata and in Mauryan India. Finally, it also offers insights into the nature of inclusion operative in this paradigm of othering and explains this using the case study of Bhima’s marriage to Hidimba in the Mahabharata.
Racial Landscapes – a pattern-based, zoneless method for analysis and visualization of racial topography
Authors: Dmowska Anna , Stepinski Tomasz , Nowosad Jakub
Published: July 2020

Quantifying and effectively communicating the spatio-racial distribution of urban residencies is important for taking the measure of how the multiracial society organizes itself in an urban environment. Most currently used approaches to this problem center around the calculation of segregation metrics; as such, they pertain to only a single pattern’s feature and they lack a compelling visualization component. In this paper, we propose a reimagined approach to spatio-racial analysis based on the concept of landscape and landscape analysis. This approach unites quantification and visualization components of the analysis. It also quantifies the entire racial topography, not just segregation. Key novel concepts are the racial landscape (RL) and the exposure matrix. RL is a high-resolution grid in which each cell contains only inhabitants of a single race. The exposure matrix tabulates adjacencies between neighboring cells weighted by the local density of adjacent subpopulations; it provides a concise quantification of the RL pattern. Two information-theoretical metrics, derived from the exposure matrix, quantify diversity, and segregation of the RL. Segregation is quantified from cell adjacencies without the need for subdivision of the region of interest. Thus, the entire region, as well as its arbitrary subregions, are RLs quantified by their diversities and segregations. Coloring cells in RL according to combinations of their race and local densities provides a natural visualization of racial topography which serves as an “observation” that provides check on numerical metrics. The RL method is described and its application is demonstrated on Cook County, IL. An implementation of the RL method in R package accompanies this paper.
What Accounts for the Rising Share of Women in the Top 1%?
Authors: Burkhauser Richard V. , Herault Nicolas , Jenkins Stephen P. , Wilkins Roger
Published: July 2020

The share of women in the top 1% of the UK’s income distribution has been growing over the last two decades (as in several other countries). Our first contribution is to account for this secular change using regressions of the probability of being in the top 1%, fitted separately for men and women, in order to contrast between the sexes the role of changes in characteristics and changes in returns to characteristics. We show that the rise of women in the top 1% is primarily accounted for by their greater increases (relative to men) in the number of years spent in full-time education. Although most top income analysis uses tax return data, we derive our findings taking advantage of the much more extensive information about personal characteristics that is available in survey data. Our use of survey data requires justification given survey under-coverage of top incomes. Providing this justification is our second contribution. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper)
Reiterating rationale use of statistical tools in research articles
Authors: Manandhar Naresh
Published: July 2020

Not available.