bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
kasus penyimpangan terhadap nilai-nilai pancasila
Authors: ANISA RATNA PALUPI
Published: December 2018

Pancasila merupakan dasar negara , selain itu pancasila bisa dikatakan sebagai pedoman hidup. Didalam sila-sila pancasila terdapat hak-hak sebagai selayaknya manusia yang terkandung didalamnya, selain itu sila-sila pancasila bisa kita pakai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari misalnya dengan adanya pancasila ini kita lebih bisa menghargai disetiap perbedaan dan dengan adanya pancasila kita bisa lebih mengenal apa arti kebersamaan serta keadilan dalam bermasyarakat yang saling gotong-royong. Sehingga warga Indonesia dapat menciptakan bangsa yang guyup rukun, saling mendukung satu sama lain, dan dapat bersatu demi satu tujuan yaitu membuat bangsa Indonesia menjadi negara yang maju. Jadilah negara yang gotong-royong sesuai pesan-pesan soekarno agar kita bisa meraih tujuan bersama untuk memajukan bangsa dan negara Indonesia.
ANALISA PENGARUH KAMPANYE MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Widianti Yemima Septina
Published: December 2018

Media Sosial menurut saya saat ini telah menjadi trend dalam komunikasi pemasaran . Media Sosial adalah media online yang para penggunanya bisa dengan mudah mencari berbagai informasi contohnya blog, wikipedia, jejaring social,forum dan dunia virtual. Beberapa contoh mediasosial yang saat ini sering digunakan masyarakat yaitu Facebook, Instagram, Line, Youtube dan lain-lain.Setiap orang pasti memiliki beberapa alasan untuk memakai media sosial. Sekedar untuk berkomunikasi, untuk mencari tahu perkembangan sesuatu, untuk berbagi informasi maupun sekedar mengikuti trend masa kini. Biasanya untuk sebagian masyarakat yang hanya menggunakan media sosial untuk privasi akan memakai aplikasi seperti Line, Whatsapp, BBM(Blackberry Mesengger) , Path, dan lain-lain. Sedangkan untuk sebagian masyarakat yang ingin bereksistensi biasanya akan memakai aplikasi terbuka seperti Facebook, Instgram, Facebook, Twitter,dan lain-lain. Lalu tentang Kampanye politik sekarang sudah mengalami perkembangan yang pesat. Tidak hanya bertemu secara langsung ternyata kampanye bisa juga dilakukan melalui media. Keunggulan media yang bersifat online, jauh lebih bisa membantu jalannya kampanye daripada harus bertemu secara langsung. Melalu media online diharapkan juga dapat melebihi prospektif kampanye yang diharapkan melalui media online ini.
Filsafat Moral Hoax Ratna Sarumpaet Teori Tindakan Manusia Actus Humanus
Authors: Natalia Debrina
Published: December 2018

Penulisan paper penelitian kasus ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kasus yang terjadi dalam kehidupan keseharian kita sehari-hari yang ditinjau dari teori yang ada dalam mata kuliah Filsafat moral. Dan dimana dalam penulisan penelitian ini saya ingin menuliskan opini/argumentasi saya mengenai kasus hoax dari Ratna sarumpaet yang sempat beberapa waktu lalu menghebohkan beberapa masyarakat Indonesia dan sempat muncul perdebatan di mata beberapa pejabat tertentu dimana dalam kasus tersebut Ratna sarumpaet memberikan informasi dirinya dipukul beberapa oknum yang tidak bertanggung jawab, tapi ternyata didapatkan fakta bahwa Ratna sarumpaet menyebarkan Hoax (berita yang palsu). Hoax sendiri dijaman sekarang sudah berkembang dan cepat menyebar kedalam kehidupan masyarakat kita, dan kebanyakan dari masyarakat kita tidak dapat dengan benar membedakan mana berita Hoax dan berita yang sesungguhnya. Berita di surat kabar, televisi, koran sudah sering memberitakan berita palsu ini, apalagi di zaman seperti ini semakin berita Hoax mudah langsung diterima masyarakat. Menurut hasil analisis saya ditinjau dari buku filsafat moral menunjukkan bahwa kasus tersebut merupakan hal yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai teori actus humanus karena dalam hal tersebut ada rasa tahu, mau dan bebas dari individu yang melakukannya.
The Local Wisdom Preservation through Aksara Lontarak in the Learning Material of Makassarese Language in Elementary School of Makassar City
Authors: Rabiah Sitti
Published: December 2018

Indonesia nation has 742 regional languages, each representing one cultural system. However by this time 30 percent of the regional languages have been lost. It can be used as an indication of 30 percent regional culture that shape the national culture have been lost too. From the 742 regional languages in Indonesia, only 13 language speakers over one million people. Makassarese language is one of 13 language speakers over one million people more precisely 2.467.000 inhabitants speakers of 7.520.204 inhabitants in South Sulawesi. In the context of the Makassarese language, local wisdom can be interpreted as positive values of Makassar tribe or more broad in South Sulawesi society. Preservation efforts of local wisdom in the Makassarese language can be done by preserving aksara lontarak which is the bridge to elaborate the values of local wisdom in the past. Furthermore, this study aimed to introduce the aksara lontarak through Makassarese language learning material in elementary school. This study refers to the steps of Research and Development from the Borg and Gall, and collaborated with the research phase of Brown to produce a learning material (textbook) of Makassarese language.
Kasus Korupsi 41 Anggota DPRD (Etika Moral)
Authors: Wibowo Yusuf Eko
Published: December 2018

Anggota DPRD merupakan perwakilan rakyat dipemerintahan dimana pendapat rakyat dapat terpenuhi memalui DPRD atau bisa disebut juga dengan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah. Dimana nanti para pejabat negara saling berunding atau bermufakat untuk mencapai kesepakatan bersama dalam membangun rakyat agar rakyat dapat hidup sejahtera dimasyarakat. Dalam keanggotaan DPRD rakyat memilih melalui pemilihan suaranya dalam menentukan wakil rakyat yang nanti menduduki kursi DPRD. Hingga akan ada beberapa yang akan menduduki kursi DPRD dan menjadi wakil rakyat untuk beberapa tahun kedepan. Saat waktu pelantikan anggota DPRD siap menjadi wakil rakyat dan menjalankan tugas-tugas yang akan diberikannya, dan bermufakat untuk membuat rakyat lebih sejahtera dalam kepemimpinannya.
FILSAAFAT PANCASILA DAN GOTONG ROYONG (PEMBANTAIAN KEJI DI MESUJI LAMPUNG)
Authors: DELVA SHANAS GALIH
Published: December 2018

Berdasarkan pemaparan pembahasan sebelumnya maka dengan ini saya menarik suatu kesimpulan mengenai konflik yang terjadi di lampung Menurut saya, peristiwa ini sungguh tidak beradab dan melanggar prinsip-prinsip kemanusiaan, yaitupembantaian secara keji. Kalau ini tidak diatasi, maka Indonesia akan dipandang sebagai negara yang perlindungan HAM-nya sangat rendah. Peristiwa ini juga sangat melanggar sila kedua pancasila.Agar tidak terulang lagi, maka nilai-nilai Pancasila itu perlu disosialisasikan dan dihayati.Sosialisasi kepada perusahaan-perusahaan itu menjadi penting, terutama perusahaan-perusahaan asing agar mereka memperlakukan karyawan dan masyarakat sekitar dengan nilai-nilai Pancasila.Di Indonesia mempunyai prinsip gotong royong seharusnya perusahaan asing tau jadi tidak semena mena terhadap orang indoesia.Didalam pancasila itu masih ada sari patinya yaitu gotong royong, dalam arti gotong royong itu sendiri adal kita harus saling membantu saling menghargai dan menyingkirkan semua perbedaan, dengan bergotong royong kita dapat memecahkan semua masalah bukan malah pembantian atau pembunuhan.
Modul Ajar KEWIRAUSAHAAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN UMKM
Authors: Aditi Bunga
Published: December 2018

Modul ajar kewirausahaan dan pengembangan UMKM ini menyajikan mengenai pengembangan dan perkembangan kewirausahaan dan UMKM, Perencanaan strategis, pemasaran, dan penelian yang berhubungan dengan kewirausahaan dan perkembangan UMKM
Optimalisasi Peran Bahasa Indonesia dalam Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN
Authors: Rabiah Sitti
Published: December 2018

Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (ASEAN Economic Community) merupakan salah satu pilar dari Masyarakat ASEAN yang telah dimulai pemberlakuannya pada 31 Desember 2015. Efektif mulai 1 Januari 2016, Indonesia telah memulai era baru dalam Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA) yang berimplikasi terhadap berbagai aspek, salah satunya membuka kran pekerja asing dari negara-negara anggota ASEAN ke Indonesia. Pemberlakuan MEA di Indonesia harus disikapi secara positif, perspektif yang dapat digunakan yakni menjadikan MEA sebagai sarana mempromosikan bahasa Indonesia kepada pekerja asing di Indonesia. Kebutuhan untuk berkomunikasi dengan 250 juta jiwa rakyat Indonesia tentunya menjadi agenda prioritas bagi para pekerja asing untuk mempelajari bahasa Indonesia agar bisa membaur dengan masyarakat. Sejak awal kehadirannya, bahasa Indonesia telah membuktikan mampu mempersatukan rakyat Indonesia yang terdiri dari berbagai suku dan bahasa daerah yang beragam. Sehingga bahasa Indonesia di era MEA tentunya dapat semakin berkembang dengan semakin banyaknya orang-orang mempelajarinya. Instrumen untuk mengoptimalkan peran bahasa Indonesia dalam MEA yakni penguatan peran pengajar Bahasa Indonesia untuk Penutur Asing (BIPA) dan sosialisasi meluas mengenai Uji Kompetensi Bahasa Indonesia (UKBI). Kedua instrumen ini perlu didukung secara penuh oleh pemerintah melalui instansi terkait agar visi bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa internasional dapat terintegrasi dengan MEA.
Nilai-Nilai Profetik Pembelajaran Sastra Anak dalam Folklor Makassar
Authors: Rabiah Sitti
Published: December 2018

Revolusi mental sekarang ini marak menjadi pembicaraan beberapa pakar yang mengarah pada perubahan pola pikir mandiri dan berkepribadian dalam budaya. Terkait dengan hal tersebut, untuk melakukan perubahan secara cepat dan tepat maka kekuatan penggerak dapat diawali dengan memberi terobosan pada budaya daerah khususnya dalam pembelajaran sastra anak. Hal ini tentunya diyakini bahwa sastra anak dalam folklor Makassar dapat turut andil memberi kontribusi besar dalam dunia pendidikan sebagai langkah awal menjadikan generasi yang lebih baik. Dengan mengacu pada generasi “berkepribadian dalam budaya” bertujuan memperkokoh generasi penerus bangsa dalam menghadapi tantangan zaman melalui sastra anak karena memiliki pengaruh yang sangat besar bagi perkembangan karakter pribadi anak. Folklor Makassar berfungsi sebagai media yang efektif dalam menyalurkan sikap, ide atau gagasan, imajinasi, dan daya nalar yang terus ditumbuhkembangkan dari generasi ke generasi. Sastra anak dalam foklor Makassar sebagai salah satu kekayaan budaya mengandung nilai-nilai kehidupan yang dapat diwariskan secara turun temurun. Hal ini tentunya sesuai dengan nilai-nilai profetik guna membentuk manusia dengan pola pikir, sikap, dan tingkah laku yang berahklakul karimah. Pembelajaran sastra anak di sekolah dapat disajikan melalui materi cerita berbahasa Makassar dengan menyesuaikan tema setiap pelajaran dalam bentuk pengenalan sederhana yang disertai latihan untuk mengasah kemampuan analisis dalam memaknai dan mengetahui nilai-nilai moral. Cerita anak terkait keteladanan dan kisah-kisah pejuang Makassar dalam tokoh cerita anak dapat menginspirasi generasi muda dalam bertindak merupakan salah satu wujud pencapaian dari nilai-nilai profetik. Melalui pembelajaran tersebut menuntut pula daya kreatif seorang guru dalam menyesuaikan materi dan pengembangan kemampuan intelektual anak yang sesuai dengan perkembangan dan kemajuan IPTEK.
Using Google form for Student Worksheet as Learning Media
Authors: Faisal
Published: December 2018

This study aims to describe the creation of student worksheets using Google forms. The problem in this study is how the steps for creating student worksheets through the Google form and the structure of the worksheet produced. The method in this study uses qualitative descriptive types. Research subjects are instructors who use the Google forms as learning media. The researchers obtained the data through observation, in-depth interviews, and review of various document sources. The results of the study illustrate the steps in making student worksheets having the stages of preparation, design, and implementation. Some forms of worksheets produced, namely narrative models, audio-visuals and links.
Opini realitas kehidupan sehari – hari yang disoroti dari aneka teori atau filsafat moral Kasus pengngroyokan suporter bola ( haringga )
Authors: kuspriono joko
Published: December 2018

Actus humanus atau bisa dibilang kebebebasan manusia dalam bertindak, dalam melakukan kegiatan sehari hari, timdakan itu harus berdasarkan akal budi yang sehat dan hati nuarani yang bersih dan positif.Tau mau bebas dalah indicator sebuah tindakan manusia. Tau yang mana merekan harus mengetahui apakah yang dilakukanya tersebut baik atau buruk bnear atau salah, mau diaman seseorang tersebut mau melakukan tindakan tersebut atas berdasarkan keinginan diri pribadi, bebas dn mereka melakukanya dengan sesuka mereka atau bebas, tetapi semua itu harus dengan landasan hati nurani yang baik.Hati nuarani yang baik tidak lepas dari moral yang sehat pula, moral adalah tindakan yang bernilai positif atau yang bernilai baik, ketika manusia tidsk mempunyai moral maka tindakan yang ia lakukan adalah tindakan yang buruk karena tidak mengandung moral, tindakan yang ia lakukan adalah sebua kejahatan yang mana kejahatan akan dikenanakan hukuman, hukum agama ataupun hukum UUD yang sudah ditetapkan dinegara kita Indonesia. Hukum haruslah yang bersifat logis atau bisa diterima dengan mudah, sejatinya hukum agama dengan hukum umum atau UUD itu adalah sama, sama sama mengatur manusia agar berperilaku selayaknya mausia bukan hewan, mengatur manusia agar menghormati kebebbasan manusia yang lain, karena manusia adalah makhluk sosial bukan individu.
Kasus Serangan Bom Bunuh Diri di Tiga Gereja Surabaya ditinjau dari Teori Tatanan Moral Subjektif ( Hati Nurani Sesat )
Authors: setiawan Dicky
Published: December 2018

Negara Indonesia adalah negara yang demokratis yang memang memiliki beragam suku bangsa, agama, bahasa dan budaya. Di dalam kasus serangan bom yang terjadi di tiga gereja Surabaya ini pelaku yang beranggotakan satu keluarga ini diduga kuat merupakan anggota dari JAD ( Jamaah Ansharut Daulah ) dengan pimpinan Aman Abdurrahman yang sekarang menjadi terpidana teroris yang mendekam di LP Nusakambangan. Aman Abdurrahman sendiri diduga kuat juga sebagai otak dari teror bom lain yang terjadi sejak 2016 sebelum terjadinya kasus bom di Surabaya ini. JAD sendiri menurut kapolri sendiri merupakan organisasi pendukung dari ISIS. Tujuan dari penulisan paper ini sendiri adalah untuk mengetahui apakah dengan cara melakukan terror bahkan melakukan pengeboman atau bom bunuh diri dapat masuk dalam teori tatanan moral subjektif ( hati nurani sesat ).
“STUDI KASUS EKSEKUSI MATI TKI INDONESIA (TUTI TURSILAWATI) DITINJAU DARI TEORI TINDAKAN MANUSIA, TATANAN MORAL SUBJEKTIF, DAN TATANAN MORAL OBJEKTIF”
Authors: Rahayu Anita , Dewantara Agustinus
Published: December 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membahas mengenai kasus hukuman eksekusi mati yang ditinjau dari teori tindakan manusia, tatanan moral subjektif, dan tatanan moral objektif. Tindakan manusia adalah pencetusan dirinya sebagai makhluk yang diberikan akal sehat. Tatanan moral subjektif adalah tatanan yang mengatur mengenai penilaian baik dan buruknya sutau tindakan manusia. Tatanan moral objektif adalah tatanan moral yang dinilai dari hukum yang mengikatnya. Hukuman eksekusi mati ini didalamnya terdapat beberapa kasus yang mendorong terjadinya hukuman ini yaitu kasus pembunuhan yang dipicu oleh beberapa faktor.
Hidden, visceral and traumatic: a dramaturgical approach to men talking about their penis after surgery for penile cancer
Authors: Branney Peter , Witty Karl
Published: December 2018

Drawing upon concepts of expressive equipment and body image, the aim of this study is to explore how men diagnosed and treated for penile cancer construct their penis and its surgical disfigurement (penectomy). Using maximum variation sampling with the intention to acquire the broadest range of experiences of stage of disease and treatment, 27 cisgender men (aged 48-83, x=63) who had surgical treatment consented for their data to be archived for analysis. From a dramaturgical perspective, the constructionist thematic analysis explored direct and indirect talk about the penis after surgery. The analysis showed that through graphic and sequential narratives of dismemberment revealed, participants constructed a post-surgery period in which they both wanted and did-not-want to see their penis. Additionally, participants constructed themselves managing difficult emotions through others and seeing themselves being rejected by a potentially desiring (female) Other. The findings extend research on male genitals by showing how the post-surgery penis can function as something hidden but visceral and traumatic when revealed. Importantly, this paper illustrates body image as expressive equipment where body and identity are formed in the image of manhood, which is an intersubjective (sexual) object between self and other.
Pembelajaran Kompresi Text dengan Menggunakan Metode Shanon-Fano
Authors: Mangiri Herry Sulendro
Published: December 2018

Kompresi merupakan proses pengubahan sekumpulan data menjadi suatu bentuk kode untuk menghemat kebutuhan tempat penyimpanan dan waktu untuk transmisi data. Saat ini terdapat berbagai tipe algoritma kompresi. Kompresi merupakan proses pengubahan sekumpulan data menjadi suatu bentuk kode untuk menghemat kebutuhan tempat penyimpanan dan waktu untuk transmisi data. Saat ini terdapat berbagai tipe algoritma kompresi, antara lain: Huffman, LIFO, LZHUF, LZ77 dan variannya (LZ78, LZW, GZIP), Dynamic Markov Compression (DMC), Block-Sorting Lossless, Run-Length, Shannon-Fano, Arithmetic, PPM (Prediction by Partial Matching), Burrows-Wheeler Block Sorting, dan Half Byte. Ada beberapa faktor yang sering menjadi pertimbangan dalam memilih suatu metode kompresi yang tepat, yaitu kecepatan kompresi, sumber daya yang dibutuhkan (memori, kecepatan PC), ukuran file hasil kompresi, besarnya redundansi, dan kompleksitas algoritma. Metode Shanon-fano yang di pergunakan dalam penulisan ini mengkompresi input stream dengan menggunakan sampel data  teks yang berupa tulisan nama. Data teks awal dengan jumlah 176 bits, dengan menggunakan metode ini terdapat beberapa langkah yang di lakukan sehingga pada saat di lakukan kompresi akan menjadi berkurang jumlahnya menjadi 107 bits. Manfaat kompresi ini sama dengan jenis kompresi yang lain yaitu  memudahkan dalam menyimpan file dan menghemat memory yang terdapat dalam komputer, sehingga memudahkan komputer dalam bekerja dan tidak membebani dalam pemrosesan data.
Pembinaaan Toleransi Antar Umat Beragama Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Islam Bagi Remaja Kota Kendari
Authors: DM Herman , Rijal Mohamad
Published: December 2018

This research is an effort to reveal the portrait of religious tolerance among religious perspectives of Islamic religious education perspective for adolescents in Kendari Barat of Kendari. The main questions addressed in this study are (1) how to foster interfaith religious tolerance among youths in Kendari? and (2) How Islamic education is perceived by teenagers in Kendari. To address the questions, the researcher employs several research methods. The method used in data analysis is descriptive method in which the authors provide descriptive on the subject of researchers based on variable data obtained from the group of subjects studied. The findings of this study indicate that, (1) in fostering the attitude of tolerance among adherents for adolescents in of Kendari, among others, fostering adolescents not to question differences of beliefs to other religions, fostering adolescents not to disturb other followers when running religious services, fostering adolescents not to force adherents of other faiths to convert to Islam and foster adolescents in order not to force followers of other faiths to follow religious activities. While (2) Islamic education for teenagers by parents in Kendari, among others, adolescents always appreciate the elderly even though he has different religion, be gentle in family life and community, help others in need though the person is another religion, guide teenagers so as not to criticize other faiths and always build relationships with followers of other religions.
Kekerasan Simbolik Dalam Tradisi Perkawinan Masyarakat Tolaki Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Zainal Asliah , Suud Sudarmi
Published: December 2018

The position of customary institutions in traditional societies has two faces; be a protector and solution for the community, but can also be a dominant and even compelling force. This study will examine the marriage traditions of the Tolaki community that move between apparent compromise and potential conflict. Indigenous marriages implicitly indicate a form of symbolic violence that constructs false compromise in Tolaki society as well as potential latent conflicts. Symbolic violence can be found in several forms, namely injustice in the opportunity to marry women from any group; and rejection of procedures and marriage procedures. This condition is caused by social differences in the community; there is no legitimacy of the crime and the same opportunities; differences in interests between various parties; and the dominance of the indigenous elite. However, the marriage practices of the Tolaki community bring change with the loosening of the system and the social structure of the Tolaki community which was originally "closed." This can open up equal opportunities for all segments of society to get a life partner so that a more egalitarian society can be created.
Pendekatan Spiritual Dan Herbal Sebagai Alternatif Rehabilitasi Non Medis Bagi Pecandu Narkoba
Authors: Noegroho Agoeng , Sulaiman Adhi Iman , Suswanto Bambang , Suryanto Suryanto
Published: December 2018

The study aimed to analyze spiritual and herbal approaches as an alternative to non-medical rehabilitation for drug addicts. The research location was in Nurul Ichsan Al Islami and An-Nur homes in Purbalingga Regency using Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) methods. Determination of purposively selected informants is namely administrators of the foundation, former drug addicts who are in the process of rehabilitation and assistants or counselors. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observation, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and it is found that the Nurul Ichsan Al Islami and An-Nur Foundations could be used as alternatives in spiritual and herbal drug abuse rehabilitation (non-medical). Spiritual rehabilitation uses a humanist, familial and dialogical approach so that drug addicts can be open, feel close and build their trust in the counselor in the process of therapy. Spiritual rehabilitation is carried out by restoring human nature to faith and piety by worship, loving family and friends, endeavoring and socializing through da'wah therapy, prayer, recitation and dhikr in congregation, doing rukiyah to fight the addiction with bathing therapy in river  and boiled water (godog) accompanied by prayer, then rehabilitate herbs with potions like herbs for vitality and poison detoxification.
The Relationship between Personality Five Factor Theory and the Career Success of Executive Workers in Apparel Sector Organizations in Sabaragamuwa Province Sri Lanka
Authors: Dias SH , Jayasekara P
Published: December 2018

Area of the Study As a significant determinant of career success of employee, this study is discussing the relationship between Personality Five Factor theory and the Career Success of executive workers in the apparel sector organizations in Sabaragamuwa province Sri Lanka.Problem of the Study There is an empirical knowledge gap in the context of the impact of personality five factor theory on the career success of employees in Sri Lanka. therefore, the problem of the study is: Does Five Factor Theory of personality affect to the career success of executives in the apparel sector organization in Sabaragamuwa province.Method of the study The data were collected from a selected sample of 122 executives in the apparel industry in Sabaragamuwa province Sri Lanka by administrating a structured questionnaire, which consisted of 63 questions/ statements with 5 points scale. The data analyses included the univariate and bivariate analyses.Findings of the Study The authors found that some of the factors have strong positive relationship and some have negative relationship and some haven’t any relationship with career success of executives in apparel sector organizations in Sabaragamuwa province, Sri Lanka. Extraversion and Conscientiousness have strong positive relationship with career success of the executives and Agreeableness and Neuroticism have negative relationship with the executives of the apparel sector organizations. However, there is no any relationship in Openness to experience with career success of the executives.Conclusion of the Study Future research based on the current theoretical model can investigate the relationship of personality with other work related behaviors and outcomes. The empirical confirmation of this conceptual model is another area of future research. Future research should attempt to replicate these results and develop process models that may explain why conscientiousness and Extraversion have such apparently enduring associations with career success.Keywords: Personality Five Factors, Career Success, Executives, Apparel Sector Organizations
What Is the Target for L2 Learners when Descriptive, Textbook, and Subjective Norms Widely Differ?
Authors: Beaulieu Suzie
Published: December 2018

L’un des aspects les plus complexes de l’interaction verbale devant être maîtrisé dans une langue seconde est l’utilisation des pronoms d’allocution. En français pour étudiants en soins infirmiers, les prescriptions pédagogiques favorisent l’usage du vous dans les interactions avec les patients; des études linguistiques ont toutefois démontré que le tu est de plus en plus utilisé au sein de la diaspora francophone et qu’il est privilégié par ceux qui s’adressent aux aînés dans l’Ouest canadien. Afin d’évaluer si les étudiants en soins infirmiers en français langue seconde dans l’Ouest canadien devraient se conformer aux prescriptions pédagogiques ou à la norme locale, l’auteure a effectué un test de perception selon le protocole du locuteur masqué auprès de patients aînés francophones ( N=42). À l’aide d’une échelle de Likert à cinq degrés, les participants ont attribué une cote à une série d’interactions dans lesquelles des infirmières bilingues français-anglais s’adressent à un patient aîné en le tutoyant ou en le vouvoyant. Une série de tests de comparaison des données Wilcoxon a révélé que même si l’utilisation du vous a suscité les réactions les plus positives ( p<0,05), l’usage du tu est apprécié par près de la moitié des participants. L’écart dans les préférences semble s’expliquer par une compréhension sensiblement différente de la façon dont doit s’exprimer verbalement le respect et la distance sociale dans ce contexte clinique. L’auteure examine le rôle des normes descriptives, pédagogiques et subjectives dans la pédagogie des langues secondes.
L’effet de la (ir)régularité verbale sur le choix de variante du futur en français L2
Authors: Côté Stephanie
Published: December 2018

The current study considers the use of various grammatical structures expressing the future tense by 10 intermediate French learners. We examine the effect of the verbal paradigm – regular versus irregular – on the learners’ preferred structure in order to determine if they prefer the periphrastic construction, particularly when it comes to irregular verbs. We predicted that the learners’ use of the simple future depended on their ability to correctly conjugate verbs in simple future, meaning that learners who had more difficulties with this variant would use it less often. However, results show that learners used the simple future equally, and as often, with both regular and irregular verbs and that they preferred the periphrastic construction with both verb types. In fact, even those learners with the highest scores on a verb conjugation test targeting the simple future preferred the periphrastic future. We argue that this preference for the periphrastic future is either due to the influence of the learners’ L1 or to the fact that the periphrastic future is an analytic construction, making it cognitively simpler.
Exploration de l’évolution des commentaires métagraphiques relatifs à l’accord du verbe en nombre chez des élèves de la fin de l’élémentaire scolarisés dans le Sud-Ouest ontarien
Authors: Thibeault Joël , Lefrançois Pascale
Published: December 2018

This article presents the evolution of the verbalizations of three students finishing elementary school in Southwestern Ontario after they completed written tasks on subject-verb agreement in number. Results show that the students used a wide variety of cognitive procedures to spell out their verbs and that those who succeeded the most are also those who, via a morphosyntactic type of linguistic reflection, found the word that shared its grammatical number with the verb. Using this data, we propose pedagogical practices that take into account students who are schooled in French in a linguistic minority context.
Subcritical Annealing and Normalizing
Authors: Wright Roger N.
Published: December 2018

This article describes the metallurgy and process specifics of subcritical annealing, which involves heating below the lower critical temperature such that austenite does not form during subcritical annealing. It provides information on the nominal subcritical annealing temperatures of plain carbon, low-alloy and high-alloy steels and temperature-time relations of subcritical annealing. Practical implications for induction annealing and induction normalizing are included. The article concludes by describing induction softening, which softens the threaded area on carburized components such as hypoid pinion gears, to prevent the occurrence of delayed fractures from occurring.
Gas Nitriding and Gas Nitrocarburizing of Steels
Authors: Winter K.-M. , Kalucki J.
Published: December 2018

This article summarizes the terminology for gas reactions, and discusses low-temperature nitriding and nitrocarburizing of stainless steels. It describes the various nitriding processes, namely, high- and low-pressure nitriding, oxynitriding, sulfonitriding, oxysulfonitriding, ferritic nitrocarburizing and austenitic nitrocarburizing. The article includes a discussion on the difficulties in specimen cleaning, importance of furnace purge, uses of pre and post oxidation, depassivation, or activation, and requirements for perfect nucleation in nitriding process. In nitriding, the successful atmosphere control depends on various potentials. The article summarizes the methods of measuring potentials in nitriding and nitrocarburizing, provides useful information on the furnaces used, and the safety precautions to be followed in the nitriding process. It also describes the sample preparation procedures and testing methods to ensure the quality of the sample.
Introduction to Carburizing and Carbonitriding
Authors: Fuller Allen J.
Published: December 2018

Carburization is the process of intentionally increasing the carbon content of a steel surface so that a hardened case can be produced by martensitic transformation during quenching. Like carburizing, carbonitriding involves heating above the upper critical temperature to austenitize the steel. This article introduces the fundamentals, types, advantages and limitations, and the complications of various forms of carburizing, namely, pack carburizing, liquid carburizing or salt bath carburizing, gas carburizing, and low-pressure (vacuum) carburizing. The related process of carbonitriding is also briefly described in the article.
Characterization of Heat Transfer during Quenching
Authors: Hernández-Morales B.
Published: December 2018

This article describes the mechanisms and characteristics of heat transfer in the quenching of steel. This article describes the characterization of boiling heat transfer, including pool boiling, forced convective boiling, and rewetting, which plays a key role in defining the heat-extraction characteristics of a liquid quenchant. It provides information on heat generated microstructural field evolution and information on the analysis and characterization of heat transfer boundary conditions.
Tempering of Steels
Authors: Penha Renata Neves , Canale Lauralice C.F. , Vatavuk Jan , Lampman Steven
Published: December 2018

Tempering of steel is a process in which hardened or normalized steel is heated to a temperature below the lower critical temperature and cooled at a suitable rate, primarily to increase ductility, toughness, and grain size of the matrix. This article provides an overview of the variables that affect the microstructure and mechanical properties of tempered steel, namely, the tempering temperature, tempering time, carbon content, alloy content, and residual elements. Tempering after hardening is performed to relieve quenching stresses and ensure dimensional stability of steel. The article discusses the embrittlement problems associated with tempering. Four types of equipment are used for tempering, namely, convection furnaces, salt bath furnaces, oil bath equipment and molten metal baths. Special procedures for tempering are briefly reviewed.
Transformer Design and Load Matching
Authors: Cook Ray , Terlop Bill
Published: December 2018

This article provides a discussion on transformers and reactors for induction heating. It presents information on the initial considerations in the selection process and the demands of power supply and load circuits. The article describes the types of transformers and reactors used in induction heating and maintenance operations. It also provides a discussion on load matching covering the following topics: initial considerations in the load-matching process, understanding the load circuit and the power supply circuit, selecting the desired operating point, adjusting the value of components, and testing the setup.
Water Cooling for Induction Systems
Authors: Specht Fred R.
Published: December 2018

Cooling towers are designed to remove heat from water in an induction system and dissipate it into the atmosphere. This article provides information on closed-loop recirculating water systems of an induction system to cool the power supply. It focuses on various types of cooling towers, namely, air-cooled heat exchangers, air-cooled heat exchangers with trim cooler, closed-circuit evaporative cooling towers, and open evaporative cooling towers. The article discusses the importance of their placement or positioning to reduce the chances of air recirculation, and concludes with a discussion on refrigerant chillers.
Induction Heating Control System
Authors: Rugg Michael
Published: December 2018

Induction heating system control is straightforward after the design and application of the coil and power supply required for the job. This article provides an overview of the basic components of an induction heating system, including a machine controller (computer or programmable logic controller), interface wiring, an operator interface, and safety controls. It also provides information on programming devices and temperature controllers, such as manual, auto, and auto-manual temperature controllers.
Defects and Abnormal Characteristics of Induction Hardened Components
Authors: Fett Gregory A. , Griebel Arthur , Tartaglia John
Published: December 2018

Induction hardening involves multiple processing steps of heating and quenching which presents opportunity for errors and defects. This article discusses the common problems associated with induction hardening of shafts as well as the methods to diagnose, inspect, and prevent them. In addition to the major defects such as laps and seams that remain after induction hardening, microstructural transformation, decarburization, residual stress, and grain size, as well as variations in carbon content, composition, or microstructure can also affect the hardened part.
Heat Treatment of Wrought Nickel Alloys
Authors: Mankins William , Lampman Steven
Published: December 2018

This article describes the heat treatment of wrought solid-solution and precipitation-hardening alloys with a focus on the major families of wrought nickel alloys. It also provides information on the heat treatment of some representative solid-solution alloys in the Monel (Ni-Cu), Inconel (Ni-Cr-Mo), Hastelloy (Ni-Mo-Cr), and Incoloy (Ni-Fe-Cr) families of alloys. The heat treatment processes for gamma prime nickel alloys, gamma prime nickel-iron superalloys, and gamma double-prime nickel-iron superalloys are also included. The article also provides information on age-hardenable alloys, and the effects of cold work on aging response and grain growth with examples.
Nonabrasive Finishing Methods
Authors: Rajurkar K.P. , Kozak Jerzy , Chatterjee Arindam
Published: December 2018

Nontraditional finishing processes include electrochemical machining (ECM), electrodischarge machining (EDM), and laser beam machining. These processes belong to nonabrasive finishing methods where surface generation occurs with an insignificant amount of mechanical interaction between the processing tool and the workpiece surfaces. This article provides information on the equipment used, applications, process capabilities, and limitations of ECM and EDM.
Zinc Plating
Authors: Sato A.
Published: December 2018

Commercial zinc plating is accomplished by a number of distinctively different systems: cyanide baths, alkaline noncyanide baths, and acid chloride baths. This article focuses on the composition, advantages, disadvantages, operating parameters, and applications of each of the baths. It provides information on the control of thicknesses of zinc specified for service in various indoor and outdoor atmospheres and on the similarities between cadmium and zinc plating.
Multiple-Layer Alloy Plating
Authors: Schwartz Daniel T.
Published: December 2018

Multiple-layer alloy electrodeposition involves the formation of an inhomogeneous alloy consisting of lamellae of different composition. This article reviews the process description, engineering parameters, characterization, and applications of multiple-layer alloys. Pulsed-current plating and pulsed-potential plating are also discussed.
Electroless Gold Plating
Authors: Chevalier Jean W.
Published: December 2018

This article focuses on the electroless gold plating technique, describing the advantages and limitations, applications, and properties of plated deposits. It also reviews process variables of the technique, including gold concentration, reducing agent, agitation, and contaminants.
Electroless Alloy Deposition
Authors: Stapleton Phillip D.
Published: December 2018

Metallic nonelectrolytic alloy coatings produced from aqueous solutions are commercially used in several industries, including electronics, aerospace, medical, oil and gas production, chemical processing, and automotive. Nonelectrolytic coating systems use two types of reactions to deposit metal onto a part: electroless and displacement. This article explains the various types of electroless and dispersion alloy coating systems. It provides information on the processing of parts, process control, deposit analysis, and equipment used for coating nonelectrolytic displacement alloys. The article concludes with a discussion on the safety and environmental concerns associated with nonelectrolytic deposition processes.
Batch Hot Dip Galvanized Coatings
Authors: Wetzel Donald
Published: December 2018

This article commences with a description of the applications of galvanized coatings and provides information on metallurgical characteristics, such as coating thickness and alloying elements. It examines the effect of galvanizing process on the mechanical properties of steels and briefly describes the cleaning procedures of iron and steel pieces, before galvanizing. The article discusses the different types of conventional batch galvanizing practices. Information on the galvanizing of silicon-killed steels is also presented. The article concludes with helpful information on batch galvanizing equipment and galvanizing post treatments.
Babbitting
Authors: Bardet William P. , Wengler Donald J.
Published: December 2018

Babbitting is a process by which relatively soft metals are bonded chemically or mechanically to a stronger shell or stiffener which supports the weight and torsion of a rotating, oscillating, or sliding shaft. This article focuses on workpiece preparation and babbitting methods. Prior to casting, the workpiece must be scrupulously prepared by various cleaning, fluxing, and tinning steps. Babbitting of bearing shells can be accomplished by three methods, namely, static babbitting, centrifugal casting, and metal spray babbitting.
Rust-Preventive Compounds
Authors: Ferrier Harry D.
Published: December 2018

Rust-preventive compounds are removable coatings used for the protection of the surfaces of iron, steel, coated or galvanized products, and other alloys. This article describes the basic parts of rust-preventive compounds, namely, carrier, film former, polar materials, and specialty additives. It explains types of rust-preventive compounds, including dry films and water-based dry films. The article also discusses the methods of application of various compounds, such as petrolatum compounds and emulsion compounds. It contains tables that provide information on the characteristics, applications, and physical properties of rust-preventive materials covered by military specifications. Finally, the article describes the various considerations and parameters for selecting rust-preventive materials.
Elastomeric Coatings for Automotive Plastics
Authors: Piccirilli Robert M. , Burgman John
Published: December 2018

This article describes elastomeric coatings that are suitable for painting flexible plastic substrates. It focuses on coatings systems that find utility in automotive exterior applications, where the requirements of appearance and durability are most severe. The article discusses acrylic polyols, condensation polymers, vapor curing systems, water-based coatings, and coatings for thermoplastic olefins.
Ceramic Coatings and Linings
Authors: Carpenter Woodrow W.
Published: December 2018

Ceramic coatings are applied to metals to protect them against oxidation and corrosion at room temperature and at elevated temperatures. This article provides a detailed account of the factors to be considered when selecting a ceramic coating and describes the characteristics of various coating materials, namely, silicate glasses, oxides, carbides, silicides, and cermets. It reviews ceramic coating methods: brushing, spraying, dipping, flow coating, combustion flame spraying, plasma-arc flame spraying, detonation gun spraying, pack cementation, fluidized-bed deposition, vapor streaming, troweling, and electrophoresis. The article also includes information on the evaluation of the quality of ceramic coatings.
Growth and Growth-Related Properties of Films Formed by Physical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Mattox Donald M.
Published: December 2018

This article describes eight stages of the atomistic film growth: vaporization of the material, transport of the material to the substrate, condensation and nucleation of the atoms, nuclei growth, interface formation, film growth, changes in structure during the deposition, and postdeposition changes. It also discusses the effects and causes of growth-related properties of films deposited by physical vapor deposition processes, including residual film stress, density, and adhesion.
Testing of Stability and Thermal Properties of Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Taylor Thomas A. , Taylor Ray E.
Published: December 2018

This article discusses the various tests applied to a thermal barrier coating system and to the zirconia layer to establish thermomechanical, environmental stability, and thermal design properties such as coefficient of thermal expansion, specific heat, and thermal transport properties. Thermal fatigue testing and the test for evaluating oxidation resistance of the bond coat is also discussed.
Testing of Coatings
Authors: Riggs Walter , Rucker Dana , Couch Ken
Published: December 2018

This article describes the two commonly used standardized tests for determining the mechanical properties of thermal spray coatings: hardness testing and tensile adhesion testing. It discusses the destructive and non-destructive methods of residual-stress measurement. Electrochemical testing methodologies include two distinctly different methods: direct and alternating current impedance techniques for assessing the corrosion resistance of coating attributes. The article also reviews the testing methods for determining thermomechanical and environmental stability of thermal barrier coatings. It discusses the wear testing methodologies that are standardized by ASTM, including the pin-on-disk, block-on-ring, dry sand/rubber wheel, erosion, metallographic apparatus abrasion, fretting wear, cavitation, reciprocating ball-on-flat, impact, and rolling contact fatigue test. The article concludes with a discussion on the methods of testing abradability and erosion resistance in abradable coatings.
Coating Deterioration
Authors: Tator Kenneth B.
Published: December 2018

This article discusses the environmental influences on protective coating films that can result in deterioration. These environmental factors can be classified into four groups: (1) energy: solar, heat; (2) permeation: moisture, solvent, chemical, and gas; (3) stress: drying and curing-internal stress, and vibration-external stress; and (4) biological influences such as microbiological, mildew, and marine fouling.
Sintering of Stainless Steels
Authors: dePoutiloff Peter A. , Samal Prasan K.
Published: December 2018

This article describes the sintering behavior of austenitic, ferritic, and martensitic stainless steels. It presents different sintering schedules that are selected by Metal Powder Industries Federation (MPIF). The article provides information on the equipment and atmospheres used for sintering and the steps involved in the process. It discusses the factors that influence the dimensional changes in sintering, namely, powder-related, compaction-related, and sintering-related factors.
Physical Metallurgy Concepts in Interpretation of Microstructures
Authors: Aliya Debbie , Lampman Steve
Published: December 2018

This article introduces basic physical metallurgy concepts that may be useful for understanding and interpreting variations in metallographic features and how processing affects microstructure. It presents some basic concepts in structure-property relationships. The article describes the use of equilibrium binary phase diagrams as a tool in the interpretation of microstructures. It reviews an account of the two types of solid-state phase transformations: isothermal and athermal. The article discusses isothermal transformation and continuous cooling transformation diagrams which are useful in determining the conditions for proper heat treatment (solid-state transformation) of metals and alloys. The influence of the mechanisms of phase nucleation and growth on the morphology, size, and distribution of grains and second phases is also described.
Textured Structures
Authors: Field David P.
Published: December 2018

This article describes the mechanisms involved in creating texture for various metal-fabrication processes, namely, solidification, deformation, recrystallization and grain growth, thin-film deposition, and imposition of external magnetic fields. It discusses two experimental and analytical approaches for experimental determination of texture: one using classical diffraction and pole figure measurement techniques and the other using individual orientation measurements. The article also provides information on microtexture, grain-boundary character, and texture gradients. It concludes with information on texture evolution through modeling.