bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PLANTAR MALIGNANT MELANOMA
Authors: Seiji Makoto , Takahashi Masaaki
Published: April 2015

A case of a 51 year old man with a plantar malignant melanoma is reported. The tumor had clinical and histologic features of lentigo maligna melanoma, but its biologic activity was that of a more potently malignant tumor. Electron microscopic observation reveales features similar to that of lentigo maligna melanoma, but not inconsistent with that of superficial spreading melanoma.

A consideration of our case and of previous reports suggests that there is a relationship between the biologic potency and the site of involvement of lentigo maligna melanoma and that such lesions on relatively non‐pigmented areas such as the palms, soles, mucous membranes, and nail beds should be treated as having a highly malignant potential.
LYMPHOCYTE TRANSFORMATION USING STREPTOCOCCAL ANTIGENS AND SERUM ANTISTREPTOKINASE TITERS IN BEHÇET DISEASE
Authors: Yamada Mizuho , Fujimoto Fumio , Uragami Kozo , Yanase Keiko
Published: April 2015

The etiology of Behçet disease is still unknown. Some investigators have suggested that streptococci may play a role in the pathogenesis of Behçet disease. High antistreptolysin‐O (ASLO) and antistreptokinase (ASK) titers were not detected in out‐patients with Behçet disease. In our studies a considerably high percentage of blast cells was observed in lymphocyte transformation tests using streptolysin‐O antigen, streptokinase‐streptodornase (Varidase), Streptococcus nonhemolyticus, Streptococcus viridans, and Streptococcus pyogenes as the antigens in the cases of Behçet disease. Serum ASLO and ASK titers did not indicate significant relations among these results. The percentage of blast cells in the studies was not high in any case of Behçet disease, but it seemed that a cell‐mediated immune reaction to streptococci might play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
EFFECT OF HOT SPRING WATERS ON THE GROWTH OF TRICHOPHYTON MENTAGROPHYTES AND TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM
Authors: Furuya Hideki
Published: April 2015

The effect of hot spring waters in Beppu City on the in vitro growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum was studied. The two dermatophytes had the following in common:

Thermal waters containing hydrogen sulfide exerted inhibitory effect, and waters containing little or no hydrogen sulfide showed stimulation.

Antifungal activity was increased by heat application and was decreased by addition of horse serum.

It was found that growth‐inhibiting factors were hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur and that growth‐stimulating factors were potassium ion, calcium ion, iron ion, and manganese ion.

The coexistence of different ions or salts also exerted stimulatory or inhibitory effect according to the way in which they were combined.

Specific activities of thermal waters, i.e., fervorization or aging, exerted no influence on the growth.
CELL‐MEDIATED IMMUNITY IN MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES*
Authors: Kinoshita Masako , Kawada Akihiro
Published: April 2015

The immunologic status of patients with mycosis fungoides in various stages was studied by testing skin reaction to PPD, by sensitization with topical application of 2,4 dinitrochlorbenzene, and by in vitro lymphocyte transformation test with PHA. Skin reaction to PPD was depressed in 7 of 8 patients and sensitization to dinitrochlorbenzene was impaired in 6 of 8 patients. In PHA‐induced lymphocyte transformation, when autologous serum was added to the culture medium, the transformation rate was below normal in 7 of 8 patients. When autologous serum was replaced by normal serum, the rate was usally improved and, in 3 patients, recovered to normal range. However, in the remaining 4 patients of whom 3 were at the infiltrative plaque stage, the rate was still below normal (21.5–36.6%). It is suggested that at least in 3 patients there was a serum factor which lymphocyte transformation by PHA. In 2 patients with poikiloderma atrophicans vasculare and parapsoriasis en plaques, no influence of serum was noted.
TREATMENT OF CHROMOMYCOSIS WITH 5‐FLUOROCYTOSINE
Authors: Kusunoki Toshio , Tashiro Hirotsugu , Tanaka Michio , Ueda Tokishi , Harada Seiichi
Published: April 2015

Three cases of chromomycosis caused by Fonsecaea pedrosoi were treated by oral administration of 5‐fluorocytosine. Complete cure was achieved in 2 cases which had been symptomatically mild, while the third, with a long history, was not completely cured although it showed a transient improvement of clinical symptoms. No side effects were observed in all 3 cases during the treatment period.
IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LEPROSY
Authors: Bhutani Lalit K.
Published: April 2015

Leprosy has been regarded as a host dependent disease that presents an immunological spectrum. Various parameters of in vivo and in vitro cell‐mediated and humoral responses in different forms of leprosy were studied. Lepromatous leprosy patients showed hyper gammaglobulinemia with significantly elevated levels of IgG and IgA while tuberculoid leprosy patients showed raised IgG levels.

Cutaneous reactions to lepromin antigen were significantly depressed in patients with lepromatous leprosy while those to PPD were normal. Mitogenic response of peripheral leucocytes to phytoheamagglutinin was considerably depressed in untreated lepromatous leprosy and normal in tuberculoid leprosy. Dapsone‐treated patients with lepromatous leprosy showed a normal or enhanced response. Contributory factors were also found in plasma. T‐lymphocytes were significantly reduced in lepromatous leprosy with high bacillary load. B‐cells were increased in lepromatous patients. Tuberculoid leprosy patients had normal values.

Phagocytic and bacteriolytic activity of blood derived macrophages was not altered in the lepromatous or tuberculoid patients.
GLYCOPROTEIN IN CULTURED HUMAN SKIN FIBROBLASTS
Authors: Maekawa Yoshihiro , Shinkai Hiroshi , Sano Shigeharu
Published: April 2015

A unique glycoprotein has been isolated from cultured human embryonic fibroblasts and their culture medium. Analysis showed a composition of 17.5 γ/mg uronic acid, 40 γ/mg hexosamine, and 93.5 γ/mg sialic acid. Gas chromatography revealed fucose, mannose, galactose, and glucose. Ten percent acrylamide 0.1% sodium sulfate acrylamide disc electrophorisis of the glycoprotein after treatment with 6 M urea showed a RF ratio of 0.3 and a molecular weight of about 95,000. The protein content was 454 γ/mg and amino acid analysis revealed high contents of aspartic acid, threonine, glutamic acid, alanine, and leucine.

The existence of acidic glycoproteins in human fibroblasts suggests an association with collagen fibril maturation and may be of etiologic and diagnostic significance in connective tissue disease of the skin.
THE ENZYMATIC DETERMINATION OF ACIDIC GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS IN SCAR AND KELOID WITH CHONDROITINASE
Authors: Sasaki Soichiro , Akashi Yukio
Published: April 2015

Acidic glycosaminoglycans (GAG) prepared from scar and keloid, was assayed for separation and quantitative measurement with the paper chromatographic characteristic of the unsaturated disaccharide unit after chondroitinase digestion. The following results were obtained:

It was found that the total amount of GAG in scars was greatly increased, especially in earlier phases, in comparison with that of normal tissue, and it gradually decreased with time. Even in different phases of scar, a decrease of hyaluronic acid (HA) was commonly observed in contrast to an increase in sulfated GAG, i.e. dermatan sulfate (DS) in particular amoung constituents.

A similar behavior of GAG to their mentioned above was observed in keloid specimens.

Any striking difference of GAG constituents between the scar in the hypertrophic phase and the keloid remained indistinguishable.
AN UNUSUAL HAIR FOLLICLE TUMOR—AN INTIMATE RELATIVE OF TRICHOGENIC ADNEXAL TUMOR (HEADINGTON AND FRENCH)
Authors: Arata Jirô
Published: April 2015

We have presented here an unusual tumor of the hair follicle which did not correspond exactly to any hitherto described hair follicle tumor. This tumor was characterized by an intimate stromal‐epithelial interaction, unmistakable morphodifferentiation towards hair follicle, formation of hair‐like structures and pluripotential adenomatous deviation. In 1962 Headington and French described a tumor to which they gave the noncommital term “trichogenic adnexal tumor”. They thought it was a hair matrix neoplasm in which morphodifferentiation towards hair follicle is distinct and is induced by intimate stromal‐epithelial relationship. In this sense our tumor is considered to be in the category of trichogenic adexal tumor, or at least its intimate relative, although the tumor presented here was better organized with a more complicated adenomatous deviation. It will surely be important as another example for further analysis of hair follicle tumors.
SIGNIFICANCE OF IN VIVO‐BOUND IMMUNOGLOBULINS AND COMPLEMENT IN THE SKIN OF SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PATIENTS
Authors: Deng Jau‐Shyong , Lin Ruey‐Yi , Lü Yau‐Chin
Published: April 2015

A direct immunofluorescent test was used to demonstrate the in vivo deposits of immunoglobulin (Ig) and complement in the skin of 30 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These deposits were demonstrated in all skin lesions and in 70% of apparently normal skin of patients with lupus nephritis. On the contrary, they were seldom found in seemingly normal skin of patients without nephritis, though they could be seen in skin lesions. There was significant difference between these two groups and as well as an intimate relation of the deposits to clinical severity. The fixed Ig and/or complement could be found in a band arrangement in the basement membrane zone (BMZ) area, nuclear areas of epidermal and/or dermal cells or both BMZ area and nuclear areas.
STAPHYLOCOCCAL SCALDED SKIN SYNDROME
Authors: Nishioka Kiyoshi , Nakano Toshiko , Hirao Nobuyuki , Asada Yasuo
Published: April 2015

Exfoliatin, an exotoxin produced by phage group 2 staphylococci, was separated and was analyzed. The toxin was separated in a single peak by Sephadex G‐100 gel filtration and subsequent DEAE Sephadex chromatography. By acrylamide gel disc electrophoresis this single peak was found to contain 2 components both of which posessed exfoliative activity and the same antigenic properties. Their molecular weight, however, differed; the major component had a molecular weight of 30,000 and the minor component had 27,000. The toxin was stable when heated at 60°C for 40 minutes, and labile at 100°C for 20 minutes.

The toxin was immunogenic to mice and produced antibody Which could be transmitted to neonatal mice to neutralize exfoliative activity of the toxin. Innoculation of the bacteria caused the production of antibodies against both exfoliatin and α‐hemolysin in mice. The antibodies were also transmitted to neonatal mice to neutralize the exfoliative activity of exfoliatin.
STAPHYLOCOCCAL SCALDED SKIN SYNDROME
Authors: Nishioka Kiyoshi , Nakano Toshiko , Hirao Nobuyuki , Teranishi Harumitsu , Asada Yasuo
Published: April 2015

In order to study the differences between staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) and bullous impetigo, the anti exfoliatin level was assessed in the sera from both groups of patients, and no significant difference in the level was found. However a significant difference was noted in the anti α‐toxin levels in sera from both group of patients; that of SSSS patients was much lower than that of impetigo patients and of children in a control group. Five out of 6 patients with SSSS showed an unchaged level of anti α‐toxin at the second examination, while an increased anti exfoliatin level was noted in 4 out of 6 SSSS patients.
A CASE OF MINOCYCLINE‐INDUCED FIXED DRUG ERUPTION
Authors: Shimizu Yasuyuki , Shimao Shuhei
Published: April 2015

A case of fixed drug eruption induced by minocycline on the glans penis of a 26‐year‐old man is reported. Later oral administration of minocycline reproduced the same type of eruption, but tetracycline, possessing the same starting structure as minocycline, did not induce the eruption. Laboratory findings were normal. This seems to be the first case of fixed drug eruption induced by minocycline to appear in the literature.
A PECULIAR ACANTHOLYTIG DERMATOSIS
Authors: Saito Ryuzo , Kamata Naoko
Published: April 2015

This paper reports a peculiar case seen in a 36‐year‐old woman who every summer since the age of 30 has developed numerous solitary vesicles or crusted papules with intense pruritus in the seborrheic zones. There are no general symptoms and no hereditary relations. The individual rash disappears completely in a week to a month and there is no eruption in winter.

The clinical picture resembles that of Darier's disease, but histopathological tests reveal intraepidermal cleft or bulla formation due to acantholysis but no dyskeratosis. Clinicopathological consideration indicates a disease akin to familial benign chronic pemphigus, but as our case does not correspond to any known disease, it is therefore reported as a peculiar acantholytic dermatosis.
PURINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSEERASE ACTIVITIES IN GUINEA PIG EPIDERMIS
Authors: Matsuo Itsuro , Ohkido Muneo , Kizaki Harutoshi , Sakurada Tomomi
Published: April 2015

Purine phosphoribosyltransferase activities in normal and experimental hyperkeratotic epidermis of guinea pig skin were demonstrated quantitatively by a new microassay method.

The ratio of HGPRTase with hypoxanthine as a substrate to APRTase activity in normal and hyperkeratotic epidermis was found to be 0.94 and 0.60, respectively. The HGPRTase and APRTase activities expressed as μmoles per gram wet weight per min. were increased in experimental hyperkeratotic epidermis and it is suggested that the salvage pathway for purine nucleotide biosynthesis is activated in experimental hyperkeratotic epidermis.

The pH optimum of these enzymes and their stability in the frozen state were also demonstrated.
A CASE OF EOSINOPHILIC LYMPHFOLLICULOSIS OF THE SKIN (KIMURA'S DISEASE)
Authors: Inada Shuichi , Yamamoto Shoso , Kitaura Hiroyuki , Yamura Takuso
Published: April 2015

Eosinophilic lymphfolliculosis of the skin (Kimura's disease) in a 31‐year‐old male is reported. He had two subcutaneous tumors, 10 × 9 × 3 cm and 9 × 7 × 2 cm in size, in the right retroauricular and submaxillary areas respectively.

Histopathologic examination of the tumors showed marked infiltration of eosinophils, mast cells and lymphocytes, and angiomatous proliferation of blood vessels from the dermis to the skeletal muscular tissue. In subcutaneous adipose tissue, there were numerous lymphfollicles with germinal centers in which IgE deposition with reticular appearance was observed by immunofluorescent technique. Study of the peripheral blood showed marked eosinophilia and an increase of serum IgE level.

These findings suggest the possibility that Type 1 allergic reaction may be involved in the histogenesis of eosinophilic lymphfolliculosis of the skin, although there is no direct evidence for the existence of antigens which react to IgE antibody in the skin lesion.
EXPERIMENTAL HYPERKERATOSIS
Authors: Ohkawara Akira , Mizumoto Toshihiro , Ohkuma Noritaka , Honda Saho
Published: April 2015

The following conclusions will be drawn from the data obtained in this study.

Topical VA ointments which contain 5,000 IU and 10,000 IU VA respectively could not prevent n‐hexadecane‐induced epidermal proliferation and hyperkeratosis during the period studied.

After the epidermal hypertrophy and hyperkeratosis were established, continuous application of VA ointments of 5,000 IU and 10,000 IU resulted in even greater activity of the enzymes than those observed with the control (hydrophilic ointment alone).

Judging from the data obtained from the present study, VA ointment can be useful in the treatment of hyperkeratotic conditions characterized by the normal or decreased epidermal proliferation, because they promote the epidermal metabolic rate.
PEMPHIGUS: A SURVEY OF 85 PATIENTS BETWEEN 1970 AND 1974
Authors: Hirone Takae
Published: April 2015

A survey was made of 85 cases of pemphigus seen at the dermatology departments of 11 Japanese universities from 1970 to 1974. The overall mortality for all types of pemphigus was 8%. The mortality from pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus vegetans treated with systemic corticosteroids was 11%. An analysis of the data indicated that 88% of patients with pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus vegetans were controlled with 100mg of a prednisone equivalent or less daily, and supported the view that both mortality and incidence of therapy complications closely correlate with the maximum daily dose of steroids required to bring about remission. The suggestion is that in the treatment of pemphigus better results may be obtained with moderate rather than high doses of steroid.
MULTIPLE BOWEN'S DISEASE OBSERVED IN FORMER WORKERS OF A POISON GAS FACTORY IN JAPAN, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MUSTARD GAS EXPOSURE
Authors: Inada Shuichi , Hiragun Keiko , Seo Koichi , Yamura Takuso
Published: April 2015

A study was made on five cases of multiple Bowen's disease observed in former workers of a poison gas factory which was in operation from 1929 to 1945 at Okunojima, Hiroshima, Japan. The age of these patients ranged from 63 to 70 years with an average of 66 years. The period engaged in poison gas production averaged 9.3 years. The averaged interval from initiation of the poison gas production to determination of diagnosis of Bowen's disease was 39.2 years. All five patients were engaged in the production of mustard gas which is a vesicant poison gas and an alkylic agent. The number of lesions of Bowen's disease in a patient ranged from 2 to 7. Ten lesions were found on the trunk and 13 on the extremities. In addition, there were numerous pigmented and depigmented spots and hyperkeratotic papular eruptions on the skin of all patients.

There are no reports in the literature on Bowen's disease caused by mustard gas. The results of this study strongly suggest that multiple Bowen's disease in workers formerly engaged in the production of poison gas is caused by exposure of mustard gas experimentally demonstrated to be a carcinogen.
PRURIGO PIGMENTOSA
Authors: Nagashima Masaji
Published: April 2015

Clinical observations of fourteen Japanese patients with prurigo pigmentosa, a peculiar pruritic pigmented dermatosis, were reported. Clinically the dermatosis is characterized by the sudden appearance of reddish papules accompanied by severe pruritus. Gross reticular pigmentation occurred after the disappearance of the papules. Histopathological findings of the papular lesions are non‐specific, although they show lichenoid tissue reactions. The dermatosis shows some preference for females, particularly in adolescence. Sites of predilection are the back, the nucha, the clavicular regions and the chest. Although the cause of the disease still remains unknown, it is speculated that some unknown environmental contaminant in today's Japan may play a role in the development of this dermatosis.
STUDIES ON SKIN SURFACE BARRIER FUNCTIONS—SKIN SURFACE LIPIDS AND TRANSEPIDERMAL WATER LOSS IN ATOPIC SKIN DURING CHILDHOOD—
Authors: Abe Takashi , Ohkido Muneo , Yamamoto Kazuya
Published: April 2015

The relationship between skin surface lipids and transepidermal water loss (TWL) was investigated in 22 children with atopic skin.

TWL values and casual and replacement lipids were measured by electro‐hygrometric and gravimetric methods respectively. Free and total cholesterol and squalene were measured by gas chromatography.

The inverse correlations between casual lipids, especially total cholesterol, and TWL exhibited in the normal adult and juvenile skin were not found in the atopic skin.

In addition, a significant increase in TWL and decrease in sebaceous lipids was characteristic of atopic skin.

In conclusion, the inhibitory action of epidermal cholesterol on TWL is considered to exist only when the skin has a normal keratinization process.
A CASE OF SENSITIZATION TO ORAL CORTICOSTEROIDS
Authors: Shigemi Fumio , Tanaka Masasuke , Ohtsuka Toshio
Published: April 2015

A 29 year‐old woman who developed generalized erythematous eruptions after oral treatment with predonisolone tablets for facial dermatitis is described. Patch tests showed a positive reaction to both predonisolone tablets diluted in cream and a commercial predonisolone ointment. After oral challenges with 5mg predonisolone in tablet form and 4mg predonisolone powder, similar eruptions reappeared the next day. In both patch and dose testing with many kinds of corticosteroids, the patient showed a cross‐sensitivity to methyl‐predonisolone and its acetate only.
HISTOGENESIS OF HYALINOSIS CUTIS ET MUCOSAE
Authors: Ishibashi Akira
Published: April 2015

Light microscopically, reticulum fibers and argyrophilic materials were found by reticulum staining, and lipid droplets by Sudan III staining, around the blood vessels and in the interstices of the smooth muscle fibers of tunica dartos; toluidine blue staining of thick sections of Epon‐embedded tissue revealed poorly‐stained, glass‐like, amorphous hyalin with configuration of collagen fibers in the same areas and hyalinized muscle fibers in tunica dartos.

Electron microscopy disclosed that multiplication of the basal lamina and its transition to the fibrogranular amorphous material, probably a hyalin substance, was seen around the true smooth muscle cells of tunica dartos and also around the blood vessels. In addition, dilated rough‐surfaced endoplasmic reticulums with fibrogranular content were often observed in the endothelial cells, pericytes, and smooth muscle cells, with Golgi apparatus in some parts.

These findings suggest that hyalinosis cutis et mucosae is due to the accumulation and invasion of hyalin into the normal collagen fibers due to a genetic abnormality in the synthetic processes of smooth muscle cells, vascular endothelial cells, pericytes and some fibroblast‐like connective tissue cells. In my speculation, the hyalin substance in this disease may be normal collagen invaded by basal lamina glycoprotein, most probably involving type III and/or type IV collagen.
PROLIFERATING TRICHILEMMAL CYST ON THE BACK
Authors: Yoshikawa Kunihiko , Nakanishi Ayako
Published: April 2015

A large intradermal tumor, 5times4 cm in size, developed on the back of 67‐year‐old Japanese woman.

Histological examination revealed a large cyst next to a mass of irregular proliferation of the cystic wall, most of which showed typical trichilemmal keratinization. The accompanying partial calcification of the homogeneous cystic content allowed the diagnosis of proliferating trichilemmal cyst.

Since this tumor is quite rare among the Japanese, the 15 cases so far reported in the Japanese literature are reviewed and summerized.
AXILLARY INVOLVEMENTS IN GENITAL PAGET'S DISEASE
Authors: Miki Yoshiharu , Kawatsu Tomoyuki , Kawatsu Tomoko , Yamada Tetsutaro , Okada Tetsuya
Published: April 2015

Simultaneous occurrence of bilateral axillary Paget's disease in a 61‐year‐old male with genital Paget's disease of 2 years' duration was presented. Invasive adenocarcimoma was found in the genital lesion. No regional lymph node metastases ware apparent. The lesions were excised in toto. There has been no recurrence 14 months later.

Four previously reported cases of double or triple extramammary Paget's disease, together with two more cases were summarized. Generally, the axillary lesions were clinically insignificant, faintly erythematous patches and could hardly be identified without histological examination.
GAMMA‐GLUTAMYL TRANSPEPTIDASE ACTIVITY IN HUMAN SKIN
Authors: Kim Young Pio , Kahng Johng Bong
Published: April 2015

Gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase (γ‐GT) activity was measured in a homogenate of penile foreskin, using γ‐glutamyl‐p‐nitroanilide as a substrate. It was found that γ‐GT activity was present in both the epidermis and the dermis, being more active in the former.

The optimum pH for the enzyme was 8.5–9.0 in Tris buffer, which is similar to that for the rat kidney and human serum enzymes. It was also revealed that glycylglycine was the most effective activator of the enzyme. Some activation was also observed in the presence of L‐glutamine. But L‐methionine, L‐homoserine, L‐glutamic acid, L‐arginine, L‐aspartic acid, glycine and L‐valine inhibited the activity, suggesting that these amino acids do not act as acceptors of the γ‐glutamyl moiety. The enzyme was remarkably inhibited by bromsulphalein, oxidized glutathione, and by L‐serine in the presence of borate. These inhibitions were more severe than thoes observed with rat kidney and human serum enzymes.
CUTANEOUS ALTERNARIOSIS
Authors: Mikoshiba Hajime , Okubo Seiki , Wakamatsu Katsuo , Nijo Sadako
Published: April 2015

A 37‐year‐old man has had a skin lesion on his left cheek for twenty‐five years. After ten years his right cheek also became involved. Alternaria alternata was isolated from the biopsy tissue. The upper and middle parts of the dermis were the site of a granulomatous inflammation in which there were many giant cells containing round spore‐like bodies. In PAS‐stained sections the walls of the spore‐like bodies stained positive.
ERYTHEMA ELEVATUM DIUTINUM DEVELOPING SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: Idemori Masahiro , Arao Tatsuyoshi
Published: April 2015

After a 25‐year history of erythema elevatum diutinum involving the extremities and later the face and the buttocks in a 70‐year‐old Japanese man, squamous cell carcinoma developed from one of the lesions on the right foot. Histological examination of erythema elevatum diutinum revealed leukocytoclastic angiitis of the upper dermal vessels and perivascular fibrosis. DDS was not effective for erythema elevatum diutinum.
REFLECTION ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOGRAPHY IN DERMATOLOGY
Authors: Kikuchi Ichiro , Idemori Masahiro , Uchimura Hideo , Inoue Shohei
Published: April 2015

Because reflection ultraviolet photography in dermatology records the reflected ultraviolet radiation (UVR), the data include information on relatively superficial changes such as of the skin. Dermatologic applications are discussed in detail. UV photography is indicated when one wants 1) to reveal minute changes of the surface 2) to intensify the changes of the upper skin and to erase the changes of lower skin and 3) to find if there is any change in the reflection of UVR in a given skin lesion.
IMMUNOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON PSORIASIS
Authors: Kohda Mamoru , Gotoh Masako , Mimura Shigeru , Namba Masako , Nakagawa Shojiro , Ueki Hiroaki
Published: April 2015

In vivo deposits of fibrin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, complements and immunoglobulins were observed using immunofluorescent (IF) staining of psoriatic lesions. Deposits of fibrin were seen in either the horny layer or the dermal papillae. A linear cytoplasmic appearance of fluorescence in the psoriatic scales was a common pattern of the staining. IF staining of the psoriatic horny layer for fibrinogen and plasminogen yielded essentially the same pattern as those of fibrin and IgG.

These findings suggest that some fibrinolytic processes may be associated with an immune reaction in psoriatic skin, although they be secondary phenomena.
ATRICHIA WITH PAPULAR LESIONS ASSOCIATED WITH GASTROINTESTINAL POLYPOSIS
Authors: Ishii Yoshimitsu , Kusuhara Toshiyuki , Nagata Takashi
Published: April 2015

A 41‐year‐old Japanese male presented extensive polyposis involving the stomach, deodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon and the rectum; atrichia, pigmentation and epidermal cysts. This case does not fit any of the known syndromes, including Peutz‐Jeghers syndrome, Gardner's syndrome, Cronkhite‐Canada syndrome and atrichia with papular lesions. We diagnosed it as atrichia with papular lesions associated with gastrointestinal polyposis.
MULTIPLE SUBCUTANEOUS LIPOGRANULOMAS ASSOCIATED WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS‐LIKE SYMPTOMS
Authors: Ishizaki Hiroshi , Sano Tsutomu , Kawashima Yoshio , Fukushiro Ryoichi , Takashima Tsutomu
Published: April 2015

A case of a 45 year old woman with multiple subcutaneous nodules and systemic lupus erythematosus‐like symptoms is reported. Histologically the nodules were identical to sclerosing lipogranuloma. The oily substance within the nodules was suspected to be due to depot penicillin injected ten years before. The patient was treated with corticosteroids and finally died of pulmonary fibrosis. This case may be included in the entity of adjuvant diseases of man.
TWO SISTERS WITH GUTTATE PSORIASIS RESPONSIVE TO TONSILLECTOMY
Authors: Saita Buzou , Ishii Yoshimitsu , Ogata Katsumi , Kikuchi Ichiro , Inoue Shohei , Naritomi Kenji
Published: April 2015

An 11‐year‐old girl and her 7‐year‐old sister, both with guttate psoriasis, both showed chronic tonsillitis and proteinuria. The ASO titer of the elder sister was 480 units and that of the younger sister 320 units. Tonsillectomies were performed on both sisters because they developed guttate psoriasis after colds with severe sore throats and proteinuria. Skin lesions improved markedly and proteinuria disappeared, but ASO titers did not change significantly. HLA studies were made of the sisters and their parents; A1 and B37 were confirmed in both sisters and their mother.
LYMPHOCUTANEOUS SPOROTRICHOSIS CAUSED BY ACCIDENTAL INOCULATION
Authors: Ishizaki Hiroshi , Ikeda Masayasu , Kurata Yukio
Published: April 2015

An inoculation accident resulting in the lymphocutaneous form of sporotrichosis in a 27‐year‐old dermatologist is described. The initial symptom was a nodule which appeared 12 days after inoculation at the inoculation site on the right third finger. Subsequent lesions appeared like stepping stones by way of the lymphatics on the dorsa of the hand and forearms, followed finally by involvement of the right supraclavicular lymph nodes. The patient was successfully treated with potassium iodide.
A STUDY OF THE BUFFY COAT LEUCOCYTE AGGREGATION TEST
Authors: Kim Won Suk , Cinn Yong Woo , Lee Yoo Shin , Chang Woo Hyun , Kim Ik Sang
Published: April 2015

The validity of the buffy coat leucocyte aggregation (BCLA) test was studied. We found that the test was highly specific and reproducible. At the same time, the degree of aggregation in the presence of tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) correlated well with the diameter of the skin test response to that antigen. The leucocytes in the buffy coat of penicillin sensitive subjects were not aggregated with the addition of sodium penicillin antigen, indicating that the test was unable to differentiate penicillin sensitive from penicillin insensitive subjects. The methods of macroscopic and microscopic quantitation of aggregates were evaluated. We preferred to use the macroscopic method, as the result of macroscopic readings correlated well with that of microscopic readings in our test system.
TRAUMATIC ANSERINE FOLLICULOSIS
Authors: Padilha‐Gonçalves Antar
Published: April 2015

Prolonged friction and pressure on limited areas of the skin with other naked skin parts of the patient, occurring mostly from positional attitudes, as, for instance, resting the chin on the hands or knees while watching television, may cause peculiar cutaneous lesions. The occurrence of some cases of this dermatologic picture has led to the description of a dermatosis heretofore not reported that has been denominated traumatic anserine folliculosis (folliculosis anserina traumatica) — stressing the traumatic etiology, the goose skin (anserine) appearance and the follicular clinical aspect that may resemble keratosis follicularis.

Up to now, 11 cases have been observed, occurring on the chin of 9 patients (also in both jaws of 1), on the right jaw of 1 and the neck of 1. The problem occurs mostly in children or young people; apparently delicate skin is an important factor. About 63.6% of the patients have an atopic background: On the points of friction and pressure ill limited patches of grouped, very small conical elevations are seen, either the same color as the patient's skin, or slightly hyperpigmented, with or without erythema and showing a goose skin (anserine) appearance. Tactilely, it resembles sand paper.

The histopathology is characterized by varied but not intensive changes. In tissue sections may be seen: rudimentary follicles, follicular hyperkeratosis, focal increase of stratum lucidum, slight hypergranulosis, vasodilatation especially nearby the follicles, and small perivascular infiltration, predominantly lymphocytic.
URTICARIA PIGMENTOSA IN TWO PAIRS OF MONOZYGOTIC TWINS
Authors: Kuan Y.Z.
Published: April 2015

Urticaria pigmentosa occurred in both members of two pairs of twins. Identical blood typings, HLA histocompatibility and appearance strongly indicate that each pair of twins is monozygotic.

Except for cutaneous lesions, there were no clinical or roentgenologic evidences of systemic mastocytosis. But latent diabetes mellitus was found in one member.

Literature reporting monozygotic twins with urticaria pigmentosa will be discussed in this paper.
ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSE PYROPHOSPHOHYDROLASE IN HUMAN SKIN
Authors: Kim Young Pio , Kahng Johng Bong , Choi Jum Yul
Published: April 2015

Adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) pyrophosphohydrolase (ADPR‐PPase), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ADPR to yield adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and ribose‐5′‐phosphate, was assayed in human penile foreskin. Since ADPR is formed from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) by NAD glycohydrolase (NADase), NADase was also assayed in human skin.

The skin tissue obtained by circumcision was separated into three layers; epidermis of the outer prepuce, epidermis of the inner prepuce, and dermis. ADPR‐PPase was found to be present in all of the three layers with nearly equal activity. NADase was also present in the epidermis of both the outer and inner prepuce, being about two times higher in the latter, but no activity was found in the dermis. When expressed in units of the same specific activity; i.e., μmoles product formed per hour per mg protein, the ADPR‐PPase of human skin had two to five times greater activity than did NADase. The ADPR‐PPase of human skin was activated by Mg+2, but inhibited by AMP and ATP.

These results suggest that the breakdown of NAD occurs in human skin via ADPR to AMP and ribose‐5′‐phosphate by sequential action of NADase and ADPR‐PPase.
SUBCUTANEOUS FAT NECROSIS ASSOCIATED WITH PANCREATITIS AND GASTRIC CARCINOMA
Authors: Ishizaki Hiroshi , Eguchi Kazuo , Kaseda Hidenori , Kaihara Hiroaki , Konishi Koji , Himi Akiko
Published: April 2015

Subcutaneous fat necrosis associated with acute pancreatitis in a 54‐year‐old man was reported. The acute pancreatitis was proved histologically after gastrectomy for coincident early gastric carcinoma. The patient was successfully treated with prednisolone and his skin lesions subsided within a month.
DERMATOLOGICAL SURVEY OF ONCHOCERCIASIS IN GUATEMALA
Authors: Nonaka Shigeo , Hashiguchi Yoshihisa , Kawabata Masato , Aoki Yoshiki , Tada Isao , Marroquin Horacio Figueroa , Flores Guillermo Zea
Published: April 2015

A comprehensive survey of onchocerciasis was performed on 1259 inhabitants in San Vicente Pacaya and the surrounding area. The total number of inhabitants examined was 1259, 763 males and 496 females. An examination of microfilarial density was carried out by the skin snip method. There were 610 microfilarial positives (50.4%) out of 1211 persons, 448 males (60.9%), and 162 females (34.1%). Nodules were examined by palpation, and there were 404 (32.8%) positives for nodule out of 1232 persons, 299 males (40.3%), and 105 females (21.4%). Eczematous dermatitis was seen in 149 persons, the generalized type in 13, and other types in 136. Depigmentation on the lower extremities was seen in 290 persons, the severity was graded from 0 to 4, and grade 1 depigmentation was seen in 91; grade 2, in 143; grade 3, in 52 and grade 4 in 4 persons out of 1159 individuals examined. The positives for lymphadenopathy (above grade 2) were 464 (41.2%) out of 1127 individuals. Itching was seen in 129 (18.3%) of 705 individuals examined by the inquiry card method.

The correlation between skin changes and onchocerciasis was also analyzed. Those individuals who were microfilarial positive in the skin snip and eyes, and who had palpable nodules were defined as being onchocerciasis patients. There was a high frequency of eczematous dermatitis, depigmentation on the lower extremities and lymphadenopathy in the onchocerciasis infected group, compared with the non‐infected group, but there was no difference in the rate of itching between them. Hanging groin, elephantiasis and “erisipela de la costa” were not seen in this endemic area, and the degree of skin changes was slight, compared with that reported in Africa thus far.
PSORIASIS OCCURING IN YOUNG MONOZYGOTIC TWINS
Authors: Mori Norio , Yoshikawa Kunihiko , Ohno Morihide
Published: April 2015

Psoriasis occuring in monozygotic twins is reported. Although these patients had a different living environment since birth the similarity in psoriatic pattern and its time of onset suggested the strong influence of genetic factors. However the major histocompatibility antigens A2, A11, Bw16, found in these patients were not those, which have been reported to be significantly increased among Japanese psoriatics.
CORRELATION BETWEEN COMPLEMENT‐FIXING PEMPHIGOID ANTIBODY TITRES AND DISEASE ACTIVITY
Authors: Kurihara Seiichi , Nishikawa Takeji , Sugawara Makoto , Hatano Hitoshi
Published: April 2015

A positive correlation between complement‐fixing pemphigoid antibody titre and disease activity was observed in 4 of 8 patients with bullous pemphigoid using complement immunofluorescence. The fact that this correlation cannot always be demonstrated seems to contradict the active role of complement‐fixing pemphigoid antibodies in the pathogenesis of bulla formation. The similarity of bullous pemphigoid and herpes gestationis is discussed.
CYCLIC AMP LEVEL IN DIFFERENT LAYERS OF PSORIATIC EPIDERMIS
Authors: Aoyagi Takashi , Kamigaki Katsuko , Miura Yusho
Published: April 2015

In the present study we have determined intracellular levels of cyclic AMP in psoriatic epidermis, which had been microdissected. Involved epidermis had relatively higher cyclic‐AMP levels on a tissue weight basis than did uninvolved epidermis, but no significant differences on a DNA basis were obtained. Further microdissection of psoriatic epidermis made it possible to determine cyclic AMP levels in the upper and lower half of the epidermis, respectively. The results clearly demonstrated that the upper epidermis had significantly higher levels of cyclic AMP than the lower epidermis on a DNA basis in individual cases, but no differences between the upper and lower epidermis of involved psoriatic epidermis were obtained on a dry weight basis. It is suggested that the lower levels of cyclic AMP in the lower half of the epidermis may be due to increased activity of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase as described by Iizuka et al., or to retarded responsiveness of adenylate cyclase to endogenous stimulators in the lower half of the epidermis where the cell surface could be more easily affected by dermal components than the upper half of the epidermis.
PLANTAR MALIGNANT MELANOMA
Authors: Hosokawa Michiko , Kato Taizo , Seiji Makoto , Abe Rikiya
Published: April 2015

Among 51 cases of malignant melanoma seen at the Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, from 1966 to 1978, 16 cases had had the primary lesion on the sole. The average age of these 16 cases was 63 and the sex ratio (M:F) was 11:5. The common sites of involvement on the sole were the heel (in 9 cases) and the toes and metatarsal region (in 5 cases). In 14 cases the lesions arose on the right sole; furthermore, 6 cases had had histories of trauma before or after the development of tumor and 7 cases had received insufficient excisions of their lesions, all of which showed a recurrence and/or lymph node metastasis within a year. These data suggest that traumatic stimulation may have some effect up on the pathogenesis of plantar melanoma.

The clinicopathological features of plantar malignant melanoma in Japan are also described.
A SEMIQUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SKIN SENSITIVITY CHANGES IN HERPES ZOSTER
Authors: Matsubara Motoo , Kagami Kiyoshi , Maeda Motoaki , Yasuno Hirokazu , Uchida Takashi , Suzuki Naoto
Published: April 2015

We have investigated changes in skin sensation in patients affected with Herpes zoster, by comparing the threshold of electric stimulation pain at the lesion site with that at the symmetrical healthy site. The threshold at the lesion was lower than that at the healthy site and had a tendency to recover to normal day by day. When continuous and spontaneous pain were combined, the threshold at the lesion was rather higher, probably due to a kind of masking. The change in threshold during the recovery process is not correlated with the seriousness of this disease.
ELEVATED LEVELS OF CHEMOTAXIS INHIBITORY ACTIVITY IN SERA OF PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Authors: Hasegawa Shoji , Baba Toru , Koitabashi Yasushi , Shimizux Yayoi , Sonozaki Hidekichi , Hori Yoshiaki , Nishiyama Shigeo
Published: April 2015

An inhibitory activity against neutrophil chemotactic factors was found in normal human serum. Elevated levels of this chemotaxis inhibitory activity were demonstrated in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

The physico‐chemical characteristics of this chemotaxis inhibitory substance(s) in SLE serum were almost identical to those of the inhibitory substance(s) in normal human serum; both the inhibitory substances were heat labile, soluble in 45% saturated ammonium sulphate, worked directly on chemotactic factor and affected various chemotactic factors. A study using Sephadex G‐ 100 chromatography showed that the molecular sizes of both inhibitory substances were almost identical.

No correlation was found between the levels of the chemotaxis inhibitory activity in SLE sera and other clinical parameters including erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and serum concentration of either the third component of complement (C3) or the fourth component of complement (C4).

Specimens from patients with the following diseases failed to demonstrate elevated levels of chemotaxis inhibitory activities; rheumatoid arthritis, urticaria, psoriasis vulgaris, atopic dermatitis and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE).
CLINICAL AND PHOTOBIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DYSCHROMATOSIS SYMMETRICA HEREDITARIA AND XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM
Authors: Satoh Yoshiaki , Yoshida Masami
Published: April 2015

The data from various tests including phototests and DNA repair capacity, and clinical observations on three cases of infantile dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (Dsh) were studied in comparison with those from 18 cases of the so‐called defective type of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) in the same age group. There were no abnormalities common to the both diseases, except for pigment anomaly.

In Dsh, in contrast with XP, cutaneous lesions due to photosensitivity were not observed. Furthermore, ocular symptoms, neurological abnormalities and retardation or underdevelopment of somatic and mental growth were not seen, nor was there any abnormality in repair capacity as measured by ultraviolet light‐induced unscheduled DNA synthesis. These findings led to the conclusion that Dsh and XP are two different disorders etiologically.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDIES OF POROKERATOSIS MIBELLI
Authors: Sato Akihiko , Masu Shinichi , Seiji Makoto
Published: April 2015

Electron microscopic investigations of lesions from 5 cases of porokeratosis Mibelli clarified that the cornoid lamella was composed of two types of abnormal horny cells, the precursors of which were detected as dyskeratotic cells and autolytic cells in the epidermis directly beneath the cornoid lamella. Therefore, it was concluded that the cornoid lamella might be caused by a disturbance of keratinization of genetically fragile keratinocytes. On the other hand, some sort of repair mechanism might be present in the epidermis of the lesion by which degenerated epidermal cells (Civatte bodies) are transferred from the epidermis into the cutis. In the cutis of the lesion, Civatte bodies were found in one case and amyloid in three cases. However, neither the coexistence of both nor an intermediate form was detected. These findings strongly suggest a possible conversion of Civatte bodies into amyloid.
FREEZE‐FRACTURE STUDY OF THE OCCURRENCE OF PLASMA MEMBRANE DIFFERENTIATIONS IN HUMAN BASAL CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: Kitajima Yasuo , Mori Shunji
Published: April 2015

Freeze‐fracture electron microscope technique was used to study the plasma membrane ultrastructure of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cells biopsied from two patients. Freeze‐fracture replicas of the plasma membrane of BCC cells indicated the presence of gap junctions, tight junctions and desmosomes. Tight junctions were found on almost all fracture faces of BCC cell plasma membranes, while they were seldom found in the normal keratinocytes or basal cells. These tight junctions appeared as an incomplete network of anastomosing strands with many free‐ending spurs. The frequency of gap junctions seemed to increase in number but decrease in size as compared with normal keratinocytes. Many of the gap junctions were associated with tight junctions. Desmosomes varied in size from 0.1 to 1 µm and were found rather frequently. The results of this study indicated that these junctional complexes were very well developed and that these well differentiated junctions may explain the BCC cell's disinclination to metastasize.
BUSULFAN HYPERPIGMENTATION: LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDIES
Authors: Adam B.A. , Ismail Rokiah , Sivanesan S.
Published: April 2015

Skin with busulfan hyperpigmentation was studied using light and electron microscopy. There were both toxic effects on the melanocytes and stimulatory effects on the production of melanin. The mitochondria appeared damaged, and reduced in number. Cytoplasmic vacuoles, myelin figures and conglomerate masses of melanosomes were present. The melanosomes were normal in size but appeared increased. 'Ghost melanocytes' were found in the dermis. The basal lamina was damaged with evidence of duplication. Incontinence of melanin was seen. This hyperpigmentation may be similar to that in fixed drug eruption.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL OBSERVATIONS OF FUNGAL ELEMENTS IN TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM GRANULOMA
Authors: Otsuka Fujio , Mizoguchi Masako , Takizawa Kiyohiro
Published: April 2015

We observed fungal elements in Trichophyton rubrum granuloma ultrastructurally. Three types of fungal elements could be distinguished in relation to the phagocytes, namely (1) fungal elements existing freely in the exudate, (2) fungal elements attached to the phagocytes or just ingested into the phagocytes, (3) fungal elements digested in the phagocytes.

Fine structures of fungal elements with high biological activity which were not under the influence of digestion by the phagocytes were fundamentally almost as same as those of cultural fungal elements in other reports. In some fungal elements, an exceptional mitochondrion 5.4 μ in length could be recognized.

In the process of digestion and denaturation of fungal elements, several ultrastructural findings were noted as follows; (1) the plasma membrane and intracellular organelles became obscure or diminished, (2) an increase in electron density, lamellation and swelling of the cell wall were observed.
EFFECT OF LOCAL HYPERTHERMIA ON TWO CASES OF PSORIASIS VULGARIS
Authors: Urabe Harukuni , Nishitani Keiko
Published: April 2015

Two psoriatic patients were treated with an exothermic pad, “Erhitzen”, on one site, and Goeckerman's regimen on the contra‐lateral site. Erhitzen produced quicker clearing and longer duration of remission than Goeckerman's regimen.

No serious side effects were observed.