bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activated Interferon Signaling Suppresses Age-Dependent Liver Cancer
Authors: Adams Peter , Havas Aaron , Lande Kathryn , Rajesh Adarsh , Evensen K. , Varanasi Siva , Shang Linshan , Schmidt Elizabeth , Lee Jin , Kim Keneth , Teneche Marcos , Hoffmann Filipe Araujo , LaPorte Michael , Davis Andrew , Grier Abby , Haines Julie , Tharp Kevin , Gandhi Armin , Lei Xue , Proulx Jessica , Miller Karl , Sacco Alessandra , Shadel Gerald , Niedernhofer Laura , Feng Gen-Sheng , D'Alessandro Angelo , Kaech Susan , Williams April
Published: December 2024

Age is a major risk factor for liver cancer, as is the case for most adult human cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well defined. A better understanding of the role of aging in liver and other cancers can facilitate approaches for risk assessment, early detection and prevention. We hypothesize that age-driven changes render aged liver more sensitive to oncogenic stress and hence tumorigenesis. To investigate how the liver changes with age, we documented the immune profile, transcriptome and epigenome of healthy livers from both young and aged mice, revealing pronounced alterations with aging. Notably, in aged hepatocytes, we identified heightened interferon (IFN) signaling, as well as simultaneous tumor suppressor and oncogene signaling at both bulk and single cell level, suggestive of an aged liver that is poised for neoplasia. To challenge this seemingly poised state, we employed adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated expression of a c-Myc oncogene in young and aged mouse liver hepatocytes in vivo. Analysis of aged hepatocytes expressing c-Myc revealed further elevated expression of IFN Stimulated Genes (ISGs). This ISG upregulation was evident in multiple models of oncogenic stress and transformation in older mice and also observed in aged humans with Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH). We determined that Stat1 is both necessary and sufficient for the age specific elevated ISG expression in old wild type mice. Remarkably, inhibiting Jak/Stat signaling alongside ectopic c-Myc expression led to high-grade hepatocyte dysplasia and tumor formation, selectively in aged mice. Together, these results suggest that an aged liver is in a state of “precarious balance”, due to concurrent activation of oncogenic and tumor suppressor pathways, but protected against neoplastic progression by IFN-signaling. Age-dependent activation of IFN signaling has been observed in many tissues and recent studies have demonstrated its detrimental consequences on aging, raising the question as to why IFN signaling is activated during aging. We propose that aged tissues are intrinsically at higher risk of cancer and age-dependent activation of IFN-signaling is an adaptive process to protect from tumorigenesis, but one that also has maladaptive consequences.
Link Prediction via Adversarial Knowledge Distillation and Feature Aggregation
Authors: Li Wen , Song Xiaoning , Zhang Wenjie , Hua Yang , Wu Xiaojun
Published: December 2024

Graph neural networks (GNN) have shown strong performance in link prediction tasks. However, it is susceptible to higher latency due to the trivial correlation of data in its neighborhood, which poses a challenge for its practical applica- tion. In contrast, although Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) performs poorly, it has a shorter inference time and is more flexible in practical applications. We uti- lize a distillation model to combine the powerful inference capabilities of GNN with the inference effciency of MLP. Distillation models usually use a predefined distance function to quantify the differences between teacher-student networks, but this cannot be well applied to various complex scenarios. In addition, the limited node information severely affects the learning ability of MLP. Therefore, to cope with these problems. Firstly, we propose an Adversarial Generative Dis- criminator (AGD), which trains the discriminators and generators against each other to adaptively detect and reduce the differences. Secondly, we also propose the Feature Aggregation Module (FAM) to help the MLP obtain suffcient fea- ture information before distillation starts. In the experiments, it is shown that our approach can achieve good results in link prediction tasks, outperforming the baseline model Linkless Prediction (LLP) and maintaining a good inference speed on eight datasets in two different settings∗ .
∗The code on https://github.com/lwuen/LPVAKD.git
LHX3 promotes EMT process in hepatoma cell through β-catenin/TCF4 pathway
Authors: Xia Jie , Chen Ke , Wang Jiaqi , Wang Jing , Fan Yi , Li Qian , Kong Lingjun , You Zhonglan
Published: December 2024

Hepatic carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant cancer and lacks effective therapeutic targets. The role of LHX3 has been extensively studied in various tumor tissues, where it has been identified as a promoter of tumorigenesis and malignancy. However, the specific functional role and potential mechanism of LHX3 in human HCCs are not clearly clarified. We found that LHX3 was overexpressed in HCC tissues compared to adjacent tissues. Moreover, it was observed that LHX3 promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells, leading to increased proliferation, migration, and viability, and adhesion ability in vitro. Mechanistically, LHX3 facilitated TCF4 binding to β-catenin, forming a stable LHX3/β-catenin/TCF4 complex that activated downstream target genes. Disruption of the β-catenin/TCF4 interaction by Toxoflavin prevented the EMT of HCC cells. Overall, these findings highlight the critical role of LHX3 in the EMT of HCC cells through the β-catenin/TCF4 axis, suggesting the LHX3/β-catenin/TCF4 axis as a potential therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
Using Large Language Models as a Road map for Establishing Core Values in a Legal Vacuum
Authors: Theunissen Theo , Duijvesteijn Lydia
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This approach offers a structured method for organizations to develop and articulate their ethical frameworks, particularly in areas where legal guidance is limited or nonexistent. Problem: This study investigates establishing core values in a legal vacuum, where research, design, or implementation of an innovation is feasible but lacks regulations.
Methods: We leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to analyze codes of conduct from 1000 organizations (profit and not-for-profit) to identify core values. Metrics such as accuracy, bias, completeness, consistency, and relevance are used to validate the performance of LLMs in this context.
Results: From 493 non-profit organizations and companies on the Fortune 500 list, a total of 8646 core values across 89 sectors were identified. Using accuracy, bias, completeness, consistency and relevance as metrics for evaluating results from the LMMs, the number of core values is reduced to 362.
Conclusion: The research employs a ten-step decision-making process to guide ethical decision-making when clear rules, laws, or regulations are absent. The framework presents how objectivity can be maintained without losing personal values. This research contributes to understanding how core values are established and applied in the absence of formal regulations.
Optimal performance of simple low-cost optical physical unclonable functions resilient to machine learning attacks
Authors: Syvridis Dimitris , Akriotou Marialena , Bartsokas Theodoros , Veinidis Christos
Published: December 2024

In this paper we reconsider the Physical Unclonable Functions based on the traditional approach of optical scattering on random optical media. These devices have the major advantage of utilization of simple and very low-cost technology and therefore the potential to be installed all over the network providing critical cybersecurity operations such authentication, real time cryptographic key generation and generation of trues random sequences. To comply with the requirements of the aforementioned operations, critical issues must be resolved. We propose and implement algorithms for the generation of an almost unlimited number of uncorrelated optical challenges. We show experimentally that the uncorrelated challenges result in optical speckle which after the proper numerical processing generates true random sequences, we determine the optimal illumination conditions in order to achieve the best possible performance in terms of robustness and unpredictability. Moreover, we study the resilience of the PUF against machine learning (ML) attacks. We conclude experimentally that under certain illuminating conditions and using the uncorrelated challenges, the network cannot predict the responses being trained with a very large number of challenge responses (24000 pairs).
Privacy Breaches in Asylum Application Spatiotemporal Data
Authors: Katsikouli Panagiota , Astefanoaei Maria , Slaats Tijs
Published: December 2024

During asylum seeking procedures, refugees are required to provide significant amounts of private information. When asylum application records are summarised and made publicly available or shared almost as-is for research purposes, only names are typically anonymized. It is well understood, however, that mobility patterns can easily single out individuals; only a few spatiotemporal points are needed, even in large datasets. In this paper we show that the re-identification effect from locations mentioned in summarized or detailed asylum application records is exacerbated, due to the unique migration patterns of refugees. Indeed, we show that it is possible to confidently single-out at least half of the refugees in our datasets (with more than 11000 and 7000 records) with only high-level information, such as 4 exact locations or 6 countries they traveled to. In light of these results, we advocate that mobility data-at small and large scales-should be treated as private and that drastic actions should be taken for protecting the privacy of sensitive population groups, such as asylum seekers.
Nitrogen affects and genotypic variation in Cd absorption, translocation and chemical forms in wheat
Authors: Wu Xiaoli , Liu Miao , Li Ming , Li Shizhao , Xiong Tao , Li Chaosu , Tang Yonglu
Published: December 2024

Reasonable nitrogen (N) and low grain cadmium (Cd) accumulators can effectively reduce grain Cd content in wheat; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate N affects and genotypic variation in Cd absorption, translocation and chemical forms in low (Chuannong30) and high (Chuanmai88) grain-Cd-accumulating wheat. Pot experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design consisting of two-factors: two Cd levels (low, 0.5 mg∙kg-1; high, 1.5 mg∙kg-1) and six N treatments (0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225 kg∙ha-1). The results showed that both cultivars can be grown in low-Cd soil under N fertilization rate of 180 kg∙ha-1, without Cd toxicity issues; the low grain-Cd accumulating cultivars can be grown in high-Cd soil under fertilization rates < 135 kg∙ha-1, without grain toxicity. Increasing N fertilization improved Cd absorption, translocation and distribution in both cultivars, with a higher effect observed in Chuanmai88, the lower grain Cd concentrations of Chuannong30 may be attributed to low root absorption and low Cd translocation from leaf to grain. N fertilization increased all Cd chemical forms (except residual-Cd) in the root and leaf in both cultivars, especially under high soil Cd condition, Cd fractions extracted by 80% ethanol were predominant in root and leaf of both cultivars and the concentrations and proportions were also higher in Chuanmai88 than in Chuannong30. Moreover, increasing N fertilization significantly decreased soil pH, increased soil Cd exchange capacity and soil Cd bioavailability, resulting in increased Cd accumulation in plants, Chuanmai88 promoted the activation of the Cd migration in the soil.
Looking for a daptivegeographical SNPsin the Genus Epilobium
Authors: Sheidai Masoud , Rahimi Sedigheh , Mehrabian Ahmad Reza , Koohdar Fahimeh
Published: December 2024

Epilobium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Onagraceae that contains approximately 200 species. This genus is distributed worldwide. It is most prevalent in the subarctic, temperate, and subAntarctic regions, whereas in the subtropics and tropics, Epilobium species are restricted to cool montane biomes such as the New Guinea Highlands. Many genetic and phylogenetic studies have been carried out on Epilobium, but none have focused on the geographical adaptation of SNPs. Therefore, we used ITS sequences of approximately 122 Epilobium taxa growing in different parts of the world and undertook computational analyses to identify discriminating SNPs among these species and to study their association with geographical variables. A combination of multivariate and Bayesian approaches, such as CCA, RDA, LFMM, and the skyline method, was used to identify several SNPs in these taxa with potential adaptation to geographical variables. Manhattan plot revealed many of these SNPs. are significantly associated with geographical variables? Genetic changes accompanied by local and geographical adaptation were illustrated using a skyline plot. These genetic changes did not occur under a molecular clock model of evolution, and probably under a positive selection pressure imposed in different geographical regions in which the plants grow.
Differential association of seven adiposity parameters with cognitive impairment in the elderly
Authors: Liu Jiajun , Jin Xueshan , Huang Hongqiang
Published: December 2024

Background
Over the past few years, several studies have indicated that overweight may contribute to the decline in cognitive function. This study aimed to evaluate how seven adiposity parameters are associated with cognitive impairment in older adults.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we included data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011–2014. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the relations between cognitive impairment and various parameters, including body mass index (BMI), arm circumference (AC), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body roundness index (BRI), weight-adjusted waist (WWI), and a body shape index (ABSI). The best predictor of cognitive impairment was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results
The final study included 2,909 participants, with 726 diagnosed with cognitive impairment. We found that WWI and ABSI were significantly positively related to cognitive impairment (RR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.50–2.07; RR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.06–1.12), while AC was significantly negatively correlated with cognitive impairment (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.98). ROC curve results showed that ABSI was the best predictor of cognitive impairment.
Conclusions
These results suggest that in clinical practice and public health settings, ABSI and WWI can be used as valid indicators to assess cognitive impairment.
Formulation of casein-based matrix and mechanical strength performance of casein-based composite materials: An insight for sustainable applications
Authors: Russo Marco , Langella Antonio , Sansone Lucia , Ricciardi Maria Rosaria
Published: December 2024

Casein-based composite materials have emerged as promising candidates for sustainable applications due to their biodegradability and favourable mechanical properties. This study explores the formulation of a casein-based matrices and provides a detailed analysis of the mechanical strength performance of composites made from casein-based matrices, recycled cellulose acetate, and recycled cellulose recovered from cigarette butts, with a focus on shear, and flexural strength. Additionally, the impact resistance of these materials is evaluated using Charpy tests. All mechanical tests conducted not only assess the mechanical capabilities of these composites but also evaluate the fiber-matrix adhesion, which is fundamental for ensuring the integrity and performance of the materials under various stress conditions. Potential applications of these composites in packaging, construction, automotive, aerospace, medical, and textile industries are explored, highlighting their significant role in reducing environmental impact and decreasing reliance on non-renewable resources. Challenges such as water sensitivity and scalability are discussed, along with future research directions aimed at enhancing the performance and applicability of casein-based materials. This study underscores the viability of casein-based composites as sustainable alternatives across various industrial applications, contributing to the development of eco-friendly materials.
Challenges faced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship: A qualitative study in Ngaka Modiri Molema, North West Province
Authors: Couter Thembinkosi Rejoyce , Matsipane Molekodi J. , Bam Edith N.
Published: December 2024

Background
In South Africa, HIV/AIDS continues to be a major contributing factor to caregiver deaths. Many households in the country are left without an adult caregiver because the caregivers died from HIV/AIDS and left youth in charge of households. In addition, young people in charge of households deal with a variety of challenges brought by difficult circumstances orphans endure following the deaths of their caregivers. These challenges include financial struggles, dropping out of school, working part-time jobs, dating for cash, just to mention a few.
Aim
The aim of this study was to explore the challenges faced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship. Likewise, to draw the recommendations on how the HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship can be supported.
Setting
: The research study was carried out in the households that are headed by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in Ngaka Modiri Molema district in the North West Province.
Method
To address the research questions, this study employed exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative designs. Purposive sampling was used by the researcher. The researcher conducted semi-structured interviews with the participants to gather data. The researcher visited each participant at their home with the help of Community Health Workers for recruitment and data collection. The researcher used field notes and a recording device to ensure that the information can be confirmed. The gathered data were analysed using thematic analysis approach.
Results
The study yielded seven themes. Namely, financial challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship, Health challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship, Educational challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship, Social challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship, Emotional challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship and Spiritual challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship.
Conclusion
The study's participants offered recommendations for resolving their current challenges. Furthermore, the results of this study influenced the advancing of additional recommendations.
Image Resizing Combining Seam-Carving andInterpolation
Authors: Zhao Lanfei , Liu Faqiang
Published: December 2024

Our study provides an image resizing method that combines content-awareness with interpolation.First, the salient object detection network was improved and compared with other algorithms proposed recently.In terms of collecting semantic and boundary data on salient objects, the findings of this study support the notion that the salient object detection strategy described in this work outperforms alternative strategies.Secondly, to maintain smooth surfaces in prominent parts and more effectively collect both regional and global data, we provide an equal proportionate resizing approach and an enhanced Seam Carving method. This method provides better protection of the important contents of the image.Finally, we propose a region interpolation method for binaryizing salient region detection and fusing it with the edge detection image, which divides the edge detection image into different regions for interpolation computation, thus improving the feature preservation of the modified image.The experimental results on the MIT RetargetMe dataset indicate that in downsizing images, our algorithm achieves an average energy value of 95.738. In enlarging images, our algorithm attains an average energy value of 58.542. In terms of distortion level, our algorithm outperforms existing algorithms.
Autologous fecal microbiota transplantation impacts emphysema progression in an IL-17-independent manner
Authors: Xia Yilan , Liu Zhuo , Jiang Zhimin , Zhong Huijie , Yang Yun , Jiang Shuyi , Xia Andong , Wang Qiongjiao , Chen Jiayi , Yang Xue , Liang Xiao , Wang Wenxue , Geng Jiawei
Published: December 2024

Background Recent studies have suggested that both gut microbiota and the interleukin (IL) family play crucial roles in the progression of emphysema via the gut-lung axis.
Methods In the present study, we aimed to halt the progression of emphysema through the transplantation of gut microbiota earlier derived from healthy fecal samples. A murine model of emphysema was first established through intermittent exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Subsequently, autologous fecal microbiota transplantation (aFMT) and IL-17 antibody (IL-17Ab) administration were employed, either separately or synchronously, to intervene in disease progression.
Results Pathological analyses demonstrated that both aFMT and IL-17Ab treatments significantly attenuated CSE-induced emphysema. Notably, aFMT alone significantly ameliorated body weight loss, regulated lung volume, and reduced the pathological features of emphysema, with the combined application of aFMT and IL-17Ab further enhancing these therapeutic effects.
Conclusion IL-17Ab, aFMT, and their combination were all effective in treating emphysema, but the therapeutic effect of aFMT is not primarily mediated by a reduction in intrapulmonary IL-17 levels.
Sparse but Strategic: Quantitative Insights into Chess Middlegame Complexity
Authors: Ong Justin , Bilalić Merim , Vaci Nemanja
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Quantifying signals in large, sparse datasets is challenging, as noise and redundant features often obscure informative patterns. Chess middlegames, with their dynamic complexity and endless possibilities, provide a testbed for exploring such challenges. Building on 12 studies that identified three categories of chess complexity—difficulty, optionality, and rarity—we propose a novel method to quantify chess pattern complexity. Methods: A complexity scoring system was developed, integrating centipawn change, variability, engine search depth, and inverse document frequency of constellations to measure difficulty, optionality, and rarity. From a large dataset of chess games, we extracted 106,810 unique 11-ply constellations that appeared at least 20 times across 2,235,823 games. The chess engine was used to evaluate chess decisions when answering on constellations, and a multinomial logistic regression model was employed to predict move quality. Results: The model demonstrated good predictive power with a weighted F1 score of 0.75 and a ROC AUC of 0.82. It correctly classified over 70% of blunders, mistakes, and optimal moves, although it has less success in differentiating inaccuracies from optimal moves. Discussion: Our approach establishes a flexible framework for quantifying complexity in large, sparse datasets, demonstrating applicability beyond chess. By integrating different metrics, we achieve high accuracy in predicting move quality during chess middlegames. Beyond supporting chess education by identifying constellations tied to specific move types, this methodology could be valuable in contexts where understanding the interplay of dynamic patterns and their outcomes is essential for deriving actionable insights.
Analyzing Complex Traits and Diseases using GxE PRS: Genotype-Environment Interaction in Polygenic Risk Score Models
Authors: Jayasinghe Dovini , Pham Vu Viet Hoang , Beckmann Kerri , Benyamin Beben , Lee S. Hong
Published: December 2024

A deeper understanding of how environmental factors influence genetic risks is crucial for exploring their combined effects on health outcomes. This can be effectively achieved by incorporating genotype-environment (GxE) interactions in polygenic risk score (PRS) models. We applied our recently developed GxEprs model to a wide range of obesity-related complex traits and diseases, leveraging data from the UK Biobank, to capture significant GxE signals. This work represents the first application of the "GxEprs" method, designed to minimize issues with spurious GxE signals and model misspecification. We identified significant GxE signals especially in quantitative phenotypes such as body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat percentage (BF) and waist circumference (WC) and our results indicated a significant enhancement in prediction accuracy in most traits, highlighting the importance of the GxE component. This study demonstrated the potential of incorporating GxE interactions in PRS models, offering a broad understanding of genetic risks and laying foundation in applying these insights in personalized medicine.
Beyond the "Wow" factor: Using Generative AI for Increasing Generative Sense-Making
Authors: Makransky Guido , Shiwalia Ban M. , Herlau Tue , Blurton Steven
Published: December 2024

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) has emerged as a transformative tool in education, offering scalable, individualized learning experiences. However, there is a notable lack of theoretically informed and methodologically rigorous research on how GenAI can effectively augment learning. This study addresses this gap by investigating the potential of a theoretically informed GenAI chatbot, ChatTutor, to facilitate generative sense-making, leveraging principles from generative learning theory. The study had two primary goals: first, to build on theory to propose how GenAI could be used to support generative sense-making; and second, to empirically test its impact on conceptual knowledge, self-efficacy, and trust immediately after the intervention, as well as on conceptual knowledge, enjoyment, and behavioral intentions in a follow-up test four weeks later. Conducted in an authentic university course, the pre-registered experiment with 175 students compared ChatTutor to a generic GenAI system (ChatGPT) and a teaching-as-usual condition. Results show that ChatTutor significantly enhanced trust, enjoyment, and behavioral intentions but not self-efficacy. While ChatTutor improved conceptual knowledge over ChatGPT immediately after the intervention, it did not outperform teaching-as-usual. Four weeks later, ChatTutor significantly outperformed teaching-as-usual but not ChatGPT in conceptual knowledge. The manuscript underscores the importance of integrating human-centered design and educational psychology theories into GenAI applications to optimize learning outcomes and proposes future research and practical implications.
К ВОПРОСУ О ЛАНДШАФТНОМ ВАРВАРСТВЕ
Authors: Буданова В.П.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема влияния природно-географических и климатических факторов на формирование агрессивного злонамеренного поведения человека в процессе его исторической эволюции. В качестве когнитивного образа предложена концепция ландшафтного варварства, характеризующего взаимодействие человека с природными системообразующими факторами, что обусловливает прямое или косвенное формирование способностей человека существовать в разных условиях природной среды, и влияет на его социальное поведение. Через эволюцию человека антропогенного периода ландшафтное варварство представлено дополняющим компонентом истории варваров. Обозначена структура междисциплинарных подходов, направления исследования и прогностические возможности преодоления экологической валентности варварства. Отмечен эвристический потенциал изучения зависимостей человека от природно-географической среды обитания, взаимосвязь его варварского поведения с климатическими условиями выживания и жизнедеятельности.

The article deals with the problem of the influence of natural, geographical and climatic factors on the formation of aggressive malicious human behavior in the process of its historical evolution. As a cognitive image, the concept of landscape barbarism is proposed, characterizing human interaction with natural system-forming factors, which determines the direct or indirect formation of human abilities to exist in different conditions of the natural environment, and affects his social behavior. Through the human evolution of the anthropogenic period, landscape barbarism is represented as a complementary component of the history of barbarians. The structure of interdisciplinary approaches, the main directions of research and the prognostic possibilities of overcoming the ecological valence of barbarism are outlined. The heuristic potential of studying human dependencies on the natural and geographical environment, the relationship of his inhuman, barbaric behavior with the climatic conditions of survival and vital activity is noted.
«ОН ОТКРЫЛ ДЛЯ МЕНЯ НОВОЕ ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ ЖИЗНИ»: ЮНГ И ТОЙНБИ
Authors: Воробьева О.В.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена проблеме влияния К.Г. Юнга на творчество А. Тойнби, особенно на его «Постижение истории». Характеризуется ситуация знакомства Тойнби с идеями немецкого ученого. Выявляются сходные основания воззрений Юнга и Тойнби. Характеризуются точки соприкосновения концепций Юнга и Тойнби, а также элементы влияния Юнга на философию историю и теорию локальных цивилизаций Тойнби. Особое внимание уделяется воздействию теории психологических типов на мышление Тойнби. Показываются попытки адаптации юнгеанской психологии к историческим исследованиям. Подчеркивается творческое развитие Тойнби идей немецкого ученого в историографии, что привело к синкретизму его мировоззренческих установок, нашедших отражение во всем творчестве британского историка.

The article deals with the problem of C.G. Jung's influence on A.J. Toynbee's work and particularly on his “A Study of History”. Similar intellectual and spiritual bases of Jung's and Toynbee's views are revealed. The points of common ground between Jung's and Toynbee's concepts are characterized, as well as the elements of Jung's influence on Toynbee's philosophy of history and theory of local civilizations. Special attention is paid to the impact of the theory of psychological types on Toynbee's thinking. Attempts to adapt Jungian psychology to historical research are indicated. Toynbee's creative development of the German scientist's ideas is emphasized, which led to the syncretism of his world outlook, reflected in the whole work of the British historian.
ОБЪЕКТ И МЕТОД В МЕЖДИСЦИПЛИНАРНОМ ИЗУЧЕНИИ СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНЫХ ПРАКТИК ПРОШЛОГО
Authors: Шабунина А.К.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается специфика и эпистемологическая значимость объекта и метода изучения при конструировании интердисциплинарных и трансдисциплинарных исследовательских моделей. Автор анализирует трансформацию дисциплинарных границ в современных междисциплинарных исследованиях социокультурных практик прошлого. Доказано, что специфика объекта изучения, связанная с обращением к культурному компоненту при изучении социального, позволяет более широко и органично использовать методы различных дисциплин. Современная междисциплинарность минимизирует дисциплинарные рамки в вопросе метода, тогда как предмет исследования получает дополнительную эпистемологическую значимость.

The article discusses specificity and epistemological significance of the object and method of study in the construction of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research models. The author analyzes the transformation of disciplinary boundaries in modern interdisciplinary research when studying sociocultural practices of the past. It has been proven that the specificity of the object of study, associated with the appeal to the cultural component when studying the social, allows for a more widespread and organic use of methods from various disciplines. Modern interdisciplinarity minimizes disciplinary boundaries in the matter of method, while the subject of research receives additional epistemological significance.
СОЮЗ, СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО, СООБЩЕСТВЕННОСТЬ МАРКЕРЫ НАУЧНОЙ ШКОЛЫ К юбилею Любови Александровны Фадеевой
Authors: Вершинина Д.Б. , Садилова А.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируются научные интересы известного англоведа, затем политолога и многолетнего руководителя пермской политологической школы Любови Александровны Фадеевой. Авторы прослеживают, как в научных изысканиях Л.А. Фадеевой проявляется влияние пермских профессоров-историков, прежде всего ее учителя Л.Е. Кертмана, последователем которого она является. Показано, как и почему произошел переход Л.А. Фадеевой от исторических к политическим исследованиям, ка-кую роль она сыграла в становлении и развитии кафедры политических наук Пермского университета, как под ее влиянием кристаллизовались ключевые направления исследований пермских политологов, действовавших на острие политической науки в тесных контактах с политологами России и зарубежья. Обращая внимания на инди-видуальные и коллективные проекты Л.А. Фадеевой, авторы показывают ее верность «союзу истории и политологии», научным традициям, заложенным преподавателями исторического факультета Пермского университета и ставшим также основой деятельности учеников Л.А. Фадеевой. Маркерами научной школы, созданной профессором Фадеевой, авторы считают союз, сотрудничество и сообщественность.

The article characterizes the scientific interests of the well-known English scholar, then political scientist and long-term head of the Perm political science school Liubov Aleksandrovna Fadeeva. The authors demonstrate that Perm professors, especially Lev Kertman, influenced Fadeeva’s scientific research. The article analyzes the researcher's transition from historical to political research and the role Fadeeva played in forming and developing the Department of Political Science at Perm University. It is shown that under her influence the key research areas of Perm political scientists crystallized, operating at the cutting edge of political science and in close contact with political scientists from Russia and abroad. Paying attention to the individual and collective projects of Liubov Fadeeva, the authors demonstrate the researcher's loyalty to the “union of history and political science”, as well as scientific traditions laid down by teachers of the History Faculty of Perm University and which became the basis for the scientific activities of a galaxy of Fadeeva’s students. The authors state that union, cooperation and community are the markers of the scientific school created by Professor Fadeeva.
СКЛАДЫВАНИЕ ОБРАЗА ИДЕАЛЬНОГО ГОСУДАРЯ В НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ИСТОРИОГРАФИИ: АЛЬФРЕД ВЕЛИКИЙ
Authors: Горелов М.М.
Published: December 2024

Историческая память обычно содержит сюжеты об известных личностях прошлого, олицетворяющих национальную идентичность. Формирование данных образов под влиянием историографии изменяет исходный прототип до различных масштабов, придавая ему актуальное для той или иной эпохи историческое и культурное наполнение. Альфред Великий – одна из таких фигур в истории Англии.

Collective historical memory usually contains key stories about famous personalities of the past, embodying national identity. The formation of these images under the influence of historiography changes the original prototype to various scales, giving it historical and cultural content relevant to a particular era. Alfred the Great is one of such figures in the history of England.
ХРУПКАЯ ДЕВЧОНКА И СКАЗОЧНЫЙ БОГАТЫРЬ ОБРАЗЫ УЧАСТНИЦ СОПРОТИВЛЕНИЯ В СОВЕТСКОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ ПАМЯТИ О ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЕ
Authors: Сак К.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается процесс создания и трансформации образов партизанок и подпольщиц во время Великой Отечественной войны и позднесоветский период. Па-мять о Войне являлась важной символической составляющей консенсуса советского общества и власти. В его основе лежала героизация событий и участников войны и замалчивание травматических тем, связанных с жертвами, дискриминацией, проблемами адаптации и т.д. На основе анализа источников, в т.ч. архивных, автор приходит к выводу о том, что меняющееся отношение рядовых граждан к образам войны в и женщин в Сопротивлении, в частности, отражало социокультурные трансформации рассматриваемого периода. На начальном этапе женские образы репрезентировали гендерную политику советского государства, в дальнейшем они переходили в сферу символической политики и коллективной памяти. По мере ослабления связи между официальной иконографией и повседневными практиками росло критическое восприятие официальных символов и формировалась потребность выхода за рамки устоявшегося канона. Эта тенденция стала особенно заметной на фоне роста недоверия к государственной идеологии, достигшего в СССР своего пика в конце 1980-х гг.

The article examines the process of creating and transforming the images of partisans and underground women during the Great Patriotic War and the late Soviet period. The memory of the War was an important symbolic component of the consensus of Soviet society and government. It was based on the glorification of events and participants in the war and the suppression of painful topics related to victims, discrimination, problems of adaptation, etc. Based on various historical sources, including archival ones, the author comes to the conclusion that the changing attitude of ordinary citizens to images of war in general and women in the resistance in particular reflected the sociocultural transformations of the period under review. At the initial stage, female images represented the gender policy of the Soviet state; later they moved into the sphere of symbolic politics and collective memory. As the connection between official iconography and everyday practices weakened, a critical perception of the implanted symbols grew, and a need was formed to go beyond the official heroic canon. This trend became especially noticeable against the backdrop of growing distrust in state ideology, which reached its peak in the late 1980s.
ПИСЬМА З.Н. ГИППИУС В КОНТЕКСТЕ ИСТОРИИ РУССКОГО ХРИСТИАНСКОГО ЛИБЕРАЛИЗМА
Authors: Воеводина А.А.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена эпистолярному наследию З.Н. Гиппиус – видного представителя общественной мысли России конца XIX – начала ХХ в. и русского зарубежья. Поставлен вопрос о потенциале писем З. Гиппиус как источника по изучению христианского либерализма, представители которого стремились синтезировать ценности свободы личности и духовных оснований жизни общества. Определены особенности эпистолярного творчества З. Гиппиус, способные повлиять на возможности исследования общественно-политического содержания ее писем. Выявлены материалы, в ко-торых представлены ключевые положения христианско-либеральной доктрины в по-литизированном варианте, разработанном З. Гиппиус и ее сподвижниками, сторонниками «нового религиозного сознания». Обозначены эпистолярные источники, наиболее релевантные для исследования проблем истории христианского либерализма. Продемонстрировано, каким образом в письмах З. Гиппиус отразились различные аспекты ее социальной концепции, реакция на политические события, сведения об общественной деятельности представителей христианского либерализма.

The article is devoted to the epistolary heritage of Z.N. Gippius, a prominent representa-tive of Russian social thought at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th с. and the Russians abroad. The question is raised about the potential of Z.N. Gippius’ letters as a source for the study of Christian liberalism, whose representatives sought to synthesize the values of individual freedom and the spiritual foundations of social life. The features of Z. Gippius’ epistolary creativity that could be important for research on the socio-political content of the letters are determined. Correspondence materials have been identified, which present the key theses of the Christian liberal doctrine in a politicized version developed by Z. Gippius and like-minded people, supporters of the “new religious con-sciousness”. The epistolary sources that are most productive for studying the problems of the history of Christian liberalism are identified. It is demonstrated how Z.N. Gippius’ letters reflect various aspects of her social concept, reaction to events in political life, information about the social activities of Christian liberalism representatives.
ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ МУЗЕИ РОССИИ В ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ ГУМАНИТАРНОГО ЗНАНИЯ ИТОГИ МАСШТАБНОГО ЭНЦИКЛОПЕДИЧЕСКОГО ПРОЕКТА
Authors: Минаков А.С.
Published: December 2024

Статья-рецензия посвящена второму тому энциклопедии «Литературные музеи России», который завершил уникальное по своим масштабам издание отраслевого музейного справочника. Разобран состав публикации, методологические и источниковедческие аспекты подготовки, а также перспективы научно-просветительской разработки представленных материалов. Большим достоинством книги являются очень информативные иллюстрации, отражающие историю, современное состояние и деятельность литературных музеев. Очевиден вклад авторов книги в укрепление теоретической базы современного музееведения. В книге дана насыщенная портретная галерея не только ярких музейных деятелей и ученых, но и писателей, которые внесли вклад в музейное строительство, поднимается широкий круг вопросов, которые имеют значение не только для музеологии, но также связаны с разными областями гуманитарного знания. Фондовые коллекции литературных музеев и места памяти важны для изучения многих проблем социальной истории на микроуровне, истории повседневности. Энциклопедия оказалась интересной площадкой междисциплинарного дискурса и зафиксировала значимый для всего интеллектуального сообщества срез накопленной справочной и аналитической информации о мемориализации литературного наследия.

The review article is devoted to the second volume of the encyclopedia «Literary Museums of Russia», which completed a unique edition of the branch museum directory. The article examines the composition of the publication, methodological and source-based aspects of preparation, as well as the prospects for its scientific and educational development. The great advantage of the book is its very informative illustrations, reflecting both the history and the current state of literary museums and their activities. The contribution of the authors of the book to strengthening the theoretical basis of modern museology is obvious. The peer-reviewed publication provides a rich portrait gallery of not only prominent museum figures and scientists, but also writers who have contributed to museum construction. The book opens up to a wide audience and devotees of the museum business from different regions. The encyclopedia raises a wide range of issues that are important not only for museology, but also related to various fields of humanitarian knowledge.
Impact of government support policies on firm performance of Vietnam’s small and medium tourism enterprises: The mediating role of competitive advantage
Authors: Dao Mong Diep , Phan Thanh Hai
Published: December 2024

The government plays a decisive role in the general stability and sustainable development of the business community and tourism enterprises in particular. The recent Covid-19 pandemic has served as clear evidence of the government’s crucial support for tourism businesses. This study was conducted to explore and measure the impact of government support on the firm performance of small and medium tourism enterprises in Vietnam from the perspective of business leaders. Data were collected based on a survey of 798 leaders working in small and medium tourism enterprises. The results showed that government support before, during, and after the Covid-19 pandemic, through tax policies, credit policies, legal procedure support policies, and labor and social welfare policies, positively influenced firm performance through the mediating role of enhancing competitive advantage. However, this study found that digital transformation in small and medium-sized tourism enterprises had an insignificant impact on improving competitive advantage and firm performance. The results contribute to enriching the overall theory and provide policy and managerial implications for stakeholders in the future.
AcknowledgmentThis research is funded by the Ministry of Education and Training of Vietnam with code B2023-DHH-02 under decision No. 2036/QD-BGDDT dated July 22, 2022. Furthermore, this study is the result of collaboration between a group of scientists from the Faculty of Law, Hue University, and School of Business and Economics, Duy Tan University. The authors would like to acknowledge the support and facilitation provided by both institutions for the publication of this article.
ANÁLISE GLOBAL DOS DETERMINANTES PARA A HESITAÇÃO NA VACINAÇÃO CONTRA COVID-19: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Almeida Ne da Silva Joyce , De Sá Bezerra Ernandes , Doria dos Santos Ana Cristina
Published: December 2024

O crescimento de movimentos contrários à imunização, acentuado nas últimas décadas pela propagação de notícias falsas através do ciberespaço, está ganhando crescente força e visibilidade globalmente.  Apesar dos progressos alcançados na gestão da pandemia da COVID-19, observou-se um aumento significativo nas polarizações políticas, teorias conspiratórias, movimentos antivacina e preocupações relacionadas às vacinas contra o coronavírus, tanto nas redes sociais quanto nas mídias tradicionais. Nesse sentido, o objetivo é analisar os fatores que influenciam a hesitação à vacinação contra COVID-19 em nível global. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que utilizou as bases PubMed, BVS e SciELO, pesquisa ("Quais fatores influenciam na hesitação vacinal da COVID-19?"). A busca foi realizada com descritores como "saúde pública", "hesitação vacinal" e "COVID-19", com a utilização do operador booleano “AND”, “e” e “y”. Os critérios de inclusão abrangeram artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2023, em inglês, português ou espanhol, com estudos clínicos relevantes. O processo de seleção dos estudos seguiu as diretrizes estabelecidas pelo PRISMA. A hesitação em relação à vacinação contra a COVID-19 é influenciada por fatores socioeconômicos e culturais, com destaque para disparidades entre grupos sociodemográficos, como negros/afro-americanos. As principais causas incluem o medo da infecção e a desconfiança nas vacinas, especialmente devido à novidade da vacina e questões sobre sua segurança. Estratégias de comunicação eficazes, focadas nos meios de comunicação, são sugeridas para aumentar a aceitação, ressaltando a eficácia e segurança das vacinas. As vacinas são amplamente reconhecidas como ferramentas eficazes na prevenção de doenças infecciosas, dessa forma a análise do fenômeno da hesitação vacinal deve considerar determinantes principais, pois a vacinação é um processo comportamental complexo. Diante disso, nos últimos anos, um fator de relevância crescente tem sido o surgimento da internet e o uso constante das redes sociais para disseminar informações falsas, conhecidas como fake news. A hesitação vacinal tem se tornado um tema cada vez mais relevante, sendo amplamente debatido em pesquisas que analisam as atitudes e comportamentos da população frente à vacinação contra a COVID-19. Com o surgimento de novas variantes do vírus e questões sobre a obrigatoriedade vacinal, é crucial que as autoridades de saúde pública monitorem constantemente a hesitação vacinal e ajustem suas estratégias conforme a evolução do contexto da pandemia.