bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
الأخطاء النحوية في التذكير والتأنيث في الرسائل الجامعية
Authors: Binti Ro’ichatul Janah  , Zahrul Fata
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesalahan nahwu terkait kesalahan Tadhkīr dan Ta'nīth yang terdapat dalam skripsi mahasiswa Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ponorogo Tahun Pelajaran 2018-2019. Dan setelah menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif, penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa kesimpulan, yaitu: (1) Jumlah kesalahan Tadhkīr dan Ta'nīth pada skripsi pertama sebanyak 26 kesalahan dari 217 kalimat dengan persentase kesalahan 12%. (2) Jumlah kesalahan Tadhkīr dan Ta'nīth pada skripsi kedua adalah 17 kesalahan dari 199 kalimat dengan persentase kesalahan 9%. (3) Jumlah kesalahan Tadhkīrdan Ta'nīth pada skripsi ketiga adalah 11 kesalahan dari 150 kalimat dengan persentase kesalahan 7%, (4) Jumlah kesalahan Tadhkr dan Ta'nīth pada skripsi keempat adalah 40 kesalahan dari 202 kalimat dengan prosentase kesalahan sebesar 20%, (5) Jumlah kesalahan Tadhkīr dan Ta'nīth pada skripsi kelima sebanyak 14 kesalahan dari 154 kalimat dengan persentase kesalahan sebesar 9%, (6) Jumlah Tadhkīr dan kesalahan Ta'nīth pada tesis keenam adalah 9 kesalahan dari 220 kalimat dengan persentase kesalahan 4%, (7) Jumlah kesalahan Tadhkīr dan Ta'nīth Pada skripsi ketujuh adalah 19 kesalahan dari 172 kalimat dengan kesalahan persentase 11%, (8) Jumlah kesalahan Tadhkr dan Ta'nīth Pada tugas akhir kedelapan adalah 29 kesalahan dari 261 kalimat dengan persentase kesalahan 11%, (9) Jumlah kesalahan Tadhkīr dan Ta'nīth Dalam tesis kesembilan adalah 35 kesalahan dari 199 kalimatdengan persentase kesalahan 18%, (10) Jumlah kesalahan Tadhkīr dan Ta'nīth Pada skripsi kesepuluh adalah 12 kesalahan dari 175 kalimat dengan persentase kesalahan 7%. Dan kesalahan terbanyak adalah kesalahan Tadhkīr dan Ta'nīth pada fi'il dan fa'il yaitu berjumlah 70 kesalahan dengan prosentase 33%
Virtual Interviews for Obstetrics and Gynecology Fellowships: Adapting to the Pandemic or The New Normal?
Authors: Bernard Abigail L. , Garneau Audrey S. , Rosen Emma M. , Goodman Linnea R.
Published: August 2022

BackgroundHistorically, fellowship interviews were in-person. However, the 2020 OB/GYN fellowship application cycle involved only virtual interviews due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study was to compare the amount of money and time spent by virtual applicants to the traditional, in-person applicants, and to compare interview metrics and match outcomes. MethodsThis was a 2020 survey-based study in which demographics, application cycle metrics, cost, perception of the virtual experience, and preference for the future were analyzed using t-test and Fisher’s exact tests. The survey was dispersed nationwide throughout the United States using social media, e-mail, and institutional networking. Participants included recent OB/GYN fellowship applicants, subspecialty fellows, and subspecialty faculty who participated in interviews.FindingsThere were 130 responses. The number of potential respondents is unknown because the research team employed networking and social media strategies to distribute the survey. Amongst in-person and virtual applicants, there was no significant difference in demographics. There was no significant difference in the number of programs applied to, however there were significantly more interviews granted, attended, and ranked in the virtual cohort. Virtual interviewees spent significantly less money ($624.2 vs $5226.2, p <0.01) and time (43.4 vs 113.1 hours, p <0.01) on interview execution than their in-person counterparts. There was no difference between the percentage of applicants that matched within their top three ranked programs (80% vs 65.1%, p=0.38). Discussion and Conclusion Virtual interviewing was associated with less time and financial burden without affecting the likelihood that the applicant matched at one of their top ranked programs.
Correlation analysis for the alterations of intestinal flora and their metabolite in hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Xu Wenqian , Jiang Yan , Tao JingLong , Liu YunHong , Xia YongWu , Chen Cheng , Jiang Xiaoxin
Published: August 2022

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. There are a variety of treatment options for HCC, such as hepatectomy, radio frequency ablation, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, liver transplantation, etc. However, due to the characteristics of low early diagnosis rate, high malignancy and rapid progression of HCC, the majority of diagnosed patients are in the middle or late stage.Therefore, new research ideas are needed for the prevention, diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. Accumulating evidence reveals that liver disease patients show different intestinal flora composition compared to healthy people and the change of intestinal flora may promote the carcinogensis of HCC via disturbing immune regulation. Here, we studied the differences in intestinal floras composition and interleukin(IL) indexes between HCC patients and healthy people. A total of 64 HCC patients and 24 healthy people were recruited, and their fresh stool samples and serum samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolite index measurement. Our data showed that 484 operational taxonomic units༈OTUs༉ and 476 OTUs were detected in the HCC and control groups, respectively. Moreover, we found that most liver function indexes, IL-6 and IL-10 expression levels were significantly different between the two groups. Of note, the abundances of Actinomycetes, Faecalibacterium, Lactobacilli and Bacteroides were significantly higher in HCC group than the control group, and the change was associated with increased plasma levels of IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 in HCC patients. In conclusion,the abundance of intestinal floras in the HCC group was different from the control group. Additionally, in HCC patients, the expression levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were higher than health people, and the difference showed a strong correlation to the abundance of some intestinal floras.
Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and factors associated with complete COVID-19 vaccine uptake among migrant origin persons in Finland.
Authors: Bastola Kalpana , Nohynek Hanna , Lilja Eero , Castanada Anu , Austero Sara , Kuusio Hannamaria , Skogberg Natalia
Published: August 2022

Background: We examined incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 vaccine uptake and factors associated with complete COVID-19 vaccine uptake among persons of migrant origin in Finland. Methods: Data on laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccine doses between March 2020 and November 2021 were linked to FinMonik register sample (n=13,223) and MigCOVID (n=3,668) survey data using unique personal identifier. FinMonik and MigCOVID surveys were conducted among adults born outside Finland. Logistic regression was applied to examine the association of age, sex, age at migration, length of stay, level of education, economic activity, Finnish/Swedish language skills, psychological distress, experiences of discrimination, and self-rated health with vaccine uptake.Results: Among the total sample, complete COVID-19 vaccine uptake was lower among persons of Russia/former Soviet Union (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.61-0.76), Estonia (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.36-0.46), and rest of Africa (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.54-0.72) and higher among persons of Southeast Asia (OR 3.34, 95% CI 2.77-4.02), rest of Asia (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.65-2.19) and the Middle East/North Africa (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.25-1.60) than among persons originating from Europe/North America/Oceania. Male sex, younger age, migration age (<18 years) and shorter length of residence were associated with lower vaccine uptake among total sample, whereas younger age, being economically inactive, poorer language skills, experiences of discrimination and psychological distress were associated with lower vaccine uptake among MigCOVID sub-sample. Conclusion: Our Findings point to a further need of tailored and targeted communication and community outreach strategies to increase vaccine uptake among persons of migrant origin.
Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Gene Polymorphism and Its Effect on Reproductive Performance of Funaab Alpha, Kuroiler and Sasso Chicken Reared in Hot Humid Tropics
Authors: Wheto Mathew , Chima Nkiruka Goodness , Sanda Adeyinka Julius , Ilori Babatunde Moses , Ayo-Ajasa Olapeju Yemisi , Oke Emmanuel Oyegunle , Adebambo Ayotunde Olutumininu , Adebambo Olufunmilayo Ayoka
Published: August 2022

A study was conducted on the effect of chicken genotypes and gene polymorphism of Insulin like Growth Factor-1 (IGFI) on reproductive and egg quality traits in five chicken genotype. A total of 250 chicken comprising 150 FUNAAB-Alpha (50 Normal feather, 50 Naked neck and 50 Frizzle feather), 50 Kuroiler and 50 Sasso were used for this experiment. The chicks were generated through artificial insemination and were raised to maturity on deep litter system. At point of lay, 30 hens per genotype were selected and transferred into a battery cage of one unit per bird to monitor their reproductive performance. Data were collected on the following at first lay; body weight of the bird (WOBAFL), egg weight (WOEAFL) and age (AAFL). For the egg quality traits, a total of 30 eggs for each genotype was collected, with the following parameters: egg (weight, length, and width), shape index, shell thickness, albumen (height, weight), yolk weight, ration of shell, yolk and albumen, and haugh unit was measured. All collected data was subject to analysis of variance using a completely randomized design, of which genotype was the interest factor. At 16 weeks, 1ml of blood was collected from each hen and extraction of genomic DNA from the blood was done. PCR was conducted using the pair of primer and condition as described by Nagaraga, et al. (2000). The PCR amplicons were digested using PstI restriction enzymes following the manufacturer’s procedure. The resulting fragments were analyzed using GenAnalyzer. GenAlEx 6.502 was used for the genetic diversity of the IGFI locus. Data for the association studies was subject to the PROC GLM of SAS 9.2. Results showed the chicken genotypes significantly (P < 0.05) affect all the egg-quality traits except the shell weight, yolk ratio and albumen ratio. The IGFI gene polymorphism had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on egg quality traits except the egg length and egg width were seen to be significantly (P < 0.05) affected. The reproductive parameters of the chickens where significantly (P < 0.05) affected by their genotypes except for the age of the bird at first lay (AAFL). IGFI gene polymorphism had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on the reproductive performance except for the WOEAFL.
Nonlinear in-plane free-vibrations of a thin circular ring of finite thickness
Authors: Rosenstock David , Elata David
Published: August 2022

This work considers nonlinear effects in the in-plane free-vibrations of a thin circular ring. The investigation focuses on the flexural elliptic mode of vibrations. The ring thickness is finite, but is sufficiently small to allow the ring to be modeled as a curved Euler-Bernoulli beam. The governing equations are obtained by using the Hamilton principle, postulating specific mode shapes of the vibrating ring, and applying the Galerkin method to obtain reduced-order governing equations. To investigate the effect of vibration amplitude and the effect of ring thickness on the free-vibration frequency, we postulate general functional forms of the time-dependent variables, and apply the harmonic balancing technique to obtain a system of nonlinear algebraic equations. An explicit asymptotic solution is presented. The results show that for an increasing amplitude of vibrations, the behavior is initially of a softening type, as was suggested in many previous investigations. However, we show that a further increase of the amplitude of vibrations may result in a hardening behavior. The results of the asymptotic solution are validated with numerical computations.
New Baitouweng Decoction Combined with Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Alleviates DSS-induced Colitis in Rats by Regulating Gut Microbiota Metabolic Homeostasis and the STAT3/NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Gu Xin , Miao Zhiwei , Wang Yantian , Yang Yue , Yang Tongtong , Xu Yi
Published: August 2022

Aim of the study: We aimed to elucidate the synergistic effect and potential mechanism of New Baitouweng Decoction (NBD) combined with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in rats with DSS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC).Materials and methods: Colitis was induced by 5% (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days. NBD or NBD combined with FMT were administered to the colitis rats. Body weight and disease activity index were measured, and the colon histological change was imaged to further examine the efficacy of NBD and FMT. The specific effects of NBD on STAT3/NF-κB Signaling Pathway and gut microbiota in rats with UC were also investigated. Results: The efficacy of NBD in combination with FMT was demonstrated by the lower disease activity index scores; increased tight junction proteins expression; and a lower expression of macrophage marker (F4/80) in colon tissues. NBD combined with FMT elevated the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and inhibited activation of the JAK2/STAT3/NF-κB related proteins. Furthermore, 16SrDNA sequencing indicated that the gut microbiota in rats with UC was perturbed, in contrast to that in healthy rats. After treatment with NBD and FMT, the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora showed clear improvements. Spearman correlation analysis indicated a strong correlation between specific microbiota and fecal concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate. Conclusions: The protective mechanism of NBD combined with FMT may be linked to regulation NF-κB/STAT3 and restoration of the intestinal flora.
Investigation and characterization of grinding burn on a nitrided steel
Authors: LAVISSE BRUNO , WEISS Laurent , KOKANYAN Ninel , LEFEBVRE André , Henrion Emerik , Sinot Olivier , TIDU Albert
Published: August 2022

Grinding process may lead to the occurrence of grinding burn. Indeed, when the temperature in the grinding area gets too high, it may result in visible surface damages of the workpiece. Therefore, the aim of this present study was to fully characterize and to quantify changes in the material after a grinding burn on a nitrided steel. These microstructural changes were quantified under several grinding conditions (dry and wet). Depending upon whether the grinding process was gentle or abusive, residual stresses, crystallographic texture, and hardness measurements were done. Metallurgical and microstructural changes have been observed on the workpiece. Then the Raman spectroscopy was used as an original nondestructive method to detect, quantify and explain the chemistry and the appearance of grinding burn.
Role of dietary habits in menstrual disorders among adolescent girls in Western Maharashtra Navi Mumbai
Authors: Talekar Vaishali , Singh Maharaj , Kamble Kalpana , Mane Dhiraj
Published: August 2022

Objectives: 1. To assess the menstrual disorders of adolescent girls of selected schools of Navi Mumbai. 2.To identify the dietary habits of adolescent girls of selected schools of Navi Mumbai. 3.To findout the association between dietary habits and menstrual disorders among the adolescent girls.Materials and Method: A descriptive study was conducted among the adolescent girls at MGM School of Navi Mumbai, India from Oct.2021 to Dec. 2021 to analyze the association of dietary habits & menstrual disorders among adolescent girls. Numerical pain scale, modified women's health questionnaire and daily diary were used to collect data from 100 adolescent girls. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used to select adolescent girls.Result: The mean age of menarche was 12.9±2.7 years. The study showed that girls were experienced moderate menstrual pain 54%, severe menstrual pain 21% and premenstrual symptoms were identified in 36% adolescence girls. More than 42% of the participants eat fast food and many of the girls were habits of skipping the meals in the afternoon. It was found that, there was a significant association between dietary habits and menstrual problems (p= <0.0001). The correlation coefficient between dietary habits and menstrual disorders was identified as r=0.7 with p<0.05.Conclusion: The menstrual disorders were emerging problems in the adolescent girls of schools of Navi Mumbai. Daily intake of appropriate amount of protein, CHO, Fat, Vitamins and Minerals can help to reduce menstrual problems facing by adolescent girls.
An aptamer SERS/RRS/Abs trimode biosensor for trace Pb 2+ based- liquid crystal@nanosilver catalytic amplification
Authors: Shu Yiyi , Li Sha , Liang Aihui , Jiang Zhiliang
Published: August 2022

Liquid crystals (LCs) are a very important display material. However, the use of LC, especially LC loaded nanoparticles, as a catalyst to amplify analytical signal and coupled with specific aptamer (Apt) as recognition element to construct a highly sensitive and selective three-mode molecular spectral assay is rarely reported. In this article, five LCs such as cholesteryl benzoate (CB) were studied by molecular spectroscopy to indicate liquid crystal nanoparticles in the system, and highly catalysis and stable CB loaded-nanosilver (CB@AgNPs) sol was prepared. The slope procedure was used to study the catalysis of the five LCs and CB@AgNPs on the new indicator reaction between AgNO3 and sodium formate (Fo) to produce silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with a strong surface plasmon resonance absorption (Abs) peak at 450 nm, resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak at 370 nm and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) peak at 1618 cm− 1 in the presence of molecular probes. By coupling the new CB@AgNPs catalytic indicator reaction with the Apt reaction, a new CB@AgNPs catalytic amplification-SERS/RRS/Abs trimode biosensoring platform was constructed for detecting for inorganic pollutants such as Pb2+, Cd2+, Hg2+ and As3+.
Impact of Cerebral Microbleeds on Lower and Upper Extremities Function in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Hou Yutong , Yang Shuna , Li Yue , Qin Wei , Yang Lei , Hu Wenli
Published: August 2022

Background and Purpose: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) , lacunars and brain atrophy have been demonstrated to be positively related to gait disorder. However, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) as a manifestation of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is still under-estimated. Therefore, we investigated the correlations between CMB and upper and lower extremity motor performance.Method: A cross-sectional study of middle-aged to older adults was conducted for this study. CSVD burden was measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CMB locations and numbers were analyzed. We evaluated gait and balance using the 4-m walkway, Tinetti, Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG) and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) tests. The upper extremity function was measured by 10 repeated pronation-supination time, 10 repeated finger tapping time, and 10 repeated opening and closing of the hands.Result: A total of 224 participants were included in this study, with a mean age of 60.6±10.5 years. The prevalence of CMB was 33.5% and most of them were lobar. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that CMB was associated with lower gait velocity, wider stride width, longer TUG test time, and poor performance on Tinetti and SPPB tests independently of other coexisting CSVD markers and risk factors. These relationships appeared to be explained by CMBs in the frontal, temporal, basal ganglia and infratentorial regions. The motor function of upper extremity also had independent correlation with CMBs especially in frontal, parietal, temporal, and basal ganglia.Conclusion: We found that CMBs were associated with both gait and upper extremity disturbances. The presence of CMB seems to be another major driving force for CSVD on gait and upper extremity impairment in healthy elderly subjects.
Potential volatiles emitted from jasmine plants infested by two spotted spider mite and its attraction to predatory Scirtothrips dorsalis
Authors: Davidson Merlin K.
Published: August 2022

Induction of plant defense in response to herbivore involves emission of synamones that attracts natural enemies of herbivores. Herbivore-Induced volatiles were extracted from fresh healthy jasmine plants (Jasminum sambac L) and infested jasmine plants damaged by two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. and analysed through Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine volatile hydrocarbon profile in them. The results revealed that both the healthy and damaged leaves had emitted hydrocarbon compounds numbering 19 and 31respectively and some compounds were detected twice or even thrice. The variation in the hydrocarbon constituents of healthy and damaged plants clearly depicts the emission of volatiles responsible for attracting beneficials witnessing tritrophic interactions in jasmine ecosystem. The healthy jasmine plants emanated natural enemy attractants, linalool, methyl salicylate and alpha-farnesene, apart from other volatile organic compounds (VOC). Linalool is a volatile chemical that is produced by herbivore damage that attracts natural enemies. The compound allyl isothiocyanate was detected in two spotted mite infested jasmine extracts at 4.307 mts in a peak area of 1664139 mm2. Allyl isothiocyanate serves the plant as a defense against herbivores; since it is harmful to the plant. Allyl iso thiocyanate detected in enormous quantity in mite infested jasmine plants is a positive cue for commercial preparation of artificial lures to attract mite natural enemies in jasmine ecosystem. In the olfactometer behavioural bioassay studies, maximum number of released mite predator, Scirtothrips sexmaculaus, oriented on mite infested jasmine plant volatiles (18.5 nos), followed by leaf web worm (13.0) and healthy plant volatiles (5.5 nos).
TripletMultiDTI: Multimodal Representation Learning in Drug-Target Interaction Prediction
Authors: Dehghan Alireza , Razzaghi Parvin , Abbasi Karim , Gharaghani Sajjad
Published: August 2022

BackgroundIn drug discovery, drug-target interaction (DTI) plays a crucial role. Identifying DTI in a wet-lab experiment is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. Using reliable computational methods to predict DTI mitigates the enormous costs and time of drug discovery. Deep learning-based methods for predicting DTI have recently gained more attention. ResultsIn this paper, a new multimodal approach to DTI is proposed. It is shown that a discriminative feature representation of the drug-target pair plays the main role in multimodal DTI prediction. To achieve this goal, we propose a new multimodal approach that utilizes triplet loss jointly with the prediction loss. The proposed approach is abbreviately called TripletMultiDTI. The proposed approach has two main contributions: a new architecture that fuses the multimodal knowledge to predict interaction affinity labels and a new loss function that utilizes the triplet loss. Triplet loss encourages clustering of feature space such that similar drug-target pairs have the same feature space and dissimilar drug-target pairs have different feature space. ConclusionsAs a result of our experiments, we were able to improve prediction performance. To this end, the proposed approach is evaluated on a well-known dataset and compared with state-of-the-art multimodal approaches. According to the obtained results, we can perform better than comparable approaches.
Development and validation of a prognostic model for mitophagy-related genes in colon adenocarcinoma: a study based on TCGA and GEO databases
Authors: Tang Yong , Guo Haiyang , Chen Lin , Wang Xiaobo , Chen Qi , Gou Lei , Liu Xiuyu , Wang Xianfei
Published: August 2022

Background:Mitophagy is the degradation of dysfunctional mitochondria. Its dysregulation can lead to an accumulation of damaged mitochondria and is implicated in carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis. Despite increasing evidence that mitophagy plays a role in colon tumorigenesis, the role of mitophagy-related genes (MRGs) in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) prognosis and treatment remains largely unknown. Methods: As a first step, we extracted 1899 mitophagy-related genes from GeneCards and screened 461 differentially expressed genes from TCGA database. Using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology terms, we constructed a protein-protein interaction network, and conducted key module screening for the differential genes. Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analyses were used to identify PPARGC1A, SLC6A1, EPHB2 and PPP1R17 as prognosis-related genes. We assessed the feasibility of prognostic models using Kaplan-Meier analysis, time-dependent receiver operating characteristics, risk scores, Cox regression analysis, and principal component analysis. We tested the model using the GEO database and constructed nomograms for future clinical applications. At 1, 3, and 5 years, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the TCGA cohort was 0.628, 0.678, and 0.755, whereas that of the GEO cohort was 0.609, 0.634, and 0.640. In addition, we compared immune cell infiltration between the two groups and assessed sensitivity to treatment with many commonly used chemotherapeutic agents in individuals with different risk factors. Finally, we performed qualitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to examine the expression of prognosis-related MRGs. Results: In this study, we investigated the potential value of MRGs in patients with colon adenocarcinoma at the gene level. Utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we developed a mitophagy-related gene model to predict the prognosis of COAD, and examined this risk model using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Conclusions: This study has successfully constructed a mitophagy-related gene signature with significant predictive value for COAD and provides new possibilities for its future treatment.
Responses to heat waves: what can Twitter data tell us?
Authors: Zander Kerstin Katharina , Rieskamp Jonas , Mirbabaie Milad , Alazab Mamoun , Nguyen Duy
Published: August 2022

Increasing average temperatures and heat waves have devasting impacts on human health and well-being but studies on heat impacts and how people adapt are rare and often confined to specific locations. In this study we aimed to explore how social media data can be used to generate knowledge about how people feel about heat waves through an analysis of their conversations. We collected global Twitter data over two months (January and February 2022) using predefined hashtags about heatwaves. Topic modelling revealed five clusters of which three were related to communications about climate change related heat, covering 76% of all tweets. These three clusters included one on the impacts of heat and heatwaves (34%), one on perceptions of weather and heat (28%) and one on extreme weather and climate change (14%). The remaining 24% of tweets were on sport events or films and music. The number of tweets in each week corresponded well with major heat wave occurrences in Argentina, Australia and India, indicating that people are aware of the threat from heat and its impacts on the society, although not much could be learned in terms of personal coping and preparedness strategies. Apart from the content of tweets, a great deal could be learned in terms of how people engaged with Twitter tweets about heat or heat waves. We found that tweets posted early, and which were shared by other influential Twitter users, were among the most popular. Finally, we found that the most popular tweets belonged to individual scientists or respected news outlets, with no evidence of wide-spread misinformation about climate change related heat.
The kinetics and fragmentation of cell-free DNA from cultured cancer cells are influenced by anticancer treatments
Authors: Bustamante Prisca , Abdouh Mohamed , Tsering Thupten , Burnier Julia V
Published: August 2022

Liquid biopsy-based detection of circulating free DNA (cfDNA) is a promising tool to monitor tumor progression and treatment response. cfDNA release is thought to result from a combination of cell death (apoptosis and necrosis), and active cellular secretion. As such, cytotoxic anti-cancer therapies can impact cfDNA kinetics. This makes the interpretation of cfDNA analyses pivotal for its applicability as a biomarker. In this study, we assessed the kinetics and fragmentation of cfDNA in cancer cells of various origins following standard anti-cancer treatments with different cytotoxic effects and mechanisms of action.Human colorectal carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and uveal melanoma cancer cells were subjected to different forms of cytotoxic stress, including induction of apoptosis (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (Apo2L/TRAIL)), cell cycle arrest (Roscovitine, Valproic acid), necrosis (radiotherapy), and senescence. Following treatments, cells were analyzed for their cell cycle progression, level of senescence, and mechanism of cell death (apoptosis vs. necrosis). Heat treatment was used as a control for necrosis-related cell death. Total cfDNA and mutant cfDNA (based on the mutations of each parental cell line) were isolated from cultured media and quantified using the Qubit assay and digital droplet PCR targeting, respectively. Fragment length of the isolated cfDNA was visualized using the Bioanalyzer 2100.Total and mutant cfDNA levels increased during all cytotoxic treatments in a concentration-dependent manner. Notably, cells undergoing apoptosis shed higher levels of cfDNA compared to necrotic and senescent cells. In addition, electropherogram images showed that cytotoxic conditions alter fragment size distribution, with smaller fragments of <200bp associated with apoptosis and >1000 bp with necrosis.The kinetics and fragmentation of released cfDNA are influenced by cytotoxic insults. Determining the characteristics of cfDNA can facilitate and improve its use as a clinical biomarker during anti-cancer therapy. Our data pave the way for the establishment of criteria to apply when monitoring cfDNA for cancer management based on the anticancer therapeutic strategy.
Nurses’ experiences with closeness, competence and patient focus in digital care meetings: A qualitative study
Authors: Carlsson Malin , Kjällman-Alm Annika , Holmström Malin Rising
Published: August 2022

Background: Health care’s rapid transition from in-person visits to digital care meetings has challenged nurses to find new, sustainable ways of using digital technology.Methods: The aim was to describe nurses’ experiences with person-centred care and competence in digital care meetings over time. In this study, a qualitative longitudinal descriptive explorative design was used, and 16 individual interviews were carried out with nurses. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The COREQ checklist was used in this study.Results: The results were presented in four themes: being open to change and new ways of working with patients; struggling to handle requirements; developing new ways of working and focusing on patients despite the distance.Conclusions: The Digital Competence in Care course helped develop nurses’ skills and the practice of digital care meetings. Training in digital care theory increased nurses’ competence and facilitated the creation of new knowledge. The nurses’ professional role was strengthened by having increased power in decision-making and the ability to participate in changing work routines. Digital care meetings were shown to be distance bridging and complementary to physical care meetings contributing to person-centred care. The increased availability of health care via digital means has affected the consumption of care and tailored education needs for nurses must be met by nursing education programs. Digital care is accessible, efficient and enables care regardless of geographical conditions, its innovative development needs to be based on science and experience and nurses are key personnel in this process. Trial registration: Not applicable.
Transcriptome analysis reveals dysregulation of immune and inflammatory responses in DRG and spinal cord of a mouse model of acute herpetic neuralgia
Authors: Wu Songbin , Yang Shaomin , Li Rongzhen , Ba Xiyuan , Jiang Changyu , Xiong Donglin , Xiao Lizu , Sun Wuping
Published: August 2022

Objective.
Herpetic-related neuralgia (HN) caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection is one of the most typical and common neuropathic pain in the clinic. However, due to the lack of an animal model to simulate HN, the potential mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for the prevention and treatment of HN are still unclear. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of HN.
Methods.
We used an HSV-1 infection-induced HN mouse model and screened the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the DRG and spinal cord using an RNAseq technique. Moreover, the bioinformatics methods were used to figure out the signaling pathways and expression regulation patterns of the DEGs enriched. In addition, quantitative real-time RT-PCR and western blot was carried out to further confirm the expression of DEGs.
Results.
HSV-1 inoculation in mice resulted in mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and cold allodynia, following the infection of HSV-1 in both DRG and spinal cord. Besides, HSV-1 inoculation induced an up-regulation of ATF3, CGRP, and GAL in DRG and activation of astrocytes and microglia in the spinal cord. Moreover, 639 genes were up-regulated, 249 genes were down-regulated in DRG, whereas 534 genes were up-regulated, and 12 genes were down-regulated in the spinal cord of mice 7 days after HSV-1 inoculation. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that immune responses and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction are involved in DRG and spinal cord neurons in mice after HSV-1 infection. In addition, CCL5 and its receptor CCR5 were significantly up-regulated in DRG and spinal cord upon HSV-1 infection in mice. And blockade of CCR5 exhibited a significant analgesic effect and suppressed the up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines in DRG and spinal cord induced by HSV-1 infection in mice.
Conclusions.
We reported a reliable HN model with HSV-1 infection-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia in mice through dysregulation of immune response and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction mechanism.
Risk Factors for E2SKAPE Infections and Mortality among Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Wu Xiaoxia , Peng Weiting , Long Guo , Wu Lingli , Lin Shu , Wan Qiquan
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Infections caused by Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp (ESKAPE) plus Escherichia coli (E2SKAPE), in particular multidrug-resistant (MDR) E2SKAPE infections, occur frequently and pose a life-threatening to liver transplant (LT) recipients. To prevent E2SKAPE infections and improve the prognosis of LT recipients, the identification of risk factors for E2SKAPE infections and mortality is necessary.Methods: E2SKAPE pathogens were isolated and identified from clinical samples following standard microbiological procedures. All episodes of E2SKAPE infections and mortality documented among LT recipients were analyzed. Results: A total of 83 episodes of E2SKAPE infections, including 75 (90.4%) episodes of MDR-E2SKAPE infections, occurred in 23.1% (53/229) of LT recipients. E. faecium was the dominant causative bacterium (37/83; 44.6%). The most common site of infections was the urinary tract (14/53; 26.4%). Sixteen (7%) patients died within 2 months after LT, and 7 deaths were E2SKAPE infections-related. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that female sex [odds ratio (OR) = 3.665, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.614-8.321, P = 0.002], duration of surgery ≥ 400 min [OR = 2.328, 95%CI: 1.151-4.707, P = 0.019], intraoperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusion ≥ 12U [OR = 2.542, 95%CI: 1.218-5.306, P = 0.013] and indwelling urethral catheter use ≥ 3 days [OR = 3.96, 95%CI: 1.309-11.981, P = 0.015] were independent risk factors for E2SKAPE infections after LT, and that only exposure to more than two intravenous antibiotics post-LT [OR =0.318, 95%CI: 0.15-0.674, P = 0.003] was negatively associated with acquisition of E2SKAPE infections. The predictors of crude mortality included female sex [OR = 4.822, 95%CI: 1.299-17.904, P = 0.019], creatinine on day 3 post-LT > 1.5 mg/dL [OR = 11.014, 95%CI: 2.985-40.637, P < 0.001], mechanical ventilation post-LT [OR = 10.724, 95%CI: 2.695-42.676, P = 0.001] and recipients with E2SKAPE infections [OR = 4.112, 95%CI: 1.169-14.47, P = 0.028].Conclusion: A high incidence of E2SKAPE infections was noted in the early post-LT period. The most common infection site was the urinary tract, and the dominant pathogenic bacterium was E. faecium. Female sex, prolonged surgery time, massive RBC transfusion, or delayed urethral catheter removal were associated with E2SKAPE infections. Only exposure to more than two intravenous antibiotics post-LT was negatively related to the acquisition of E2SKAPE infections. The predictors of mortality included female sex, creatinine on day 3 post-LT > 1.5 mg/dL, mechanical ventilation post-LT, and recipients with E2SKAPE infections.
Antifungal Activity of Apiaceae Family plants against Aspergillus fumigates and Fusorium solani
Authors: tripathi sakshi
Published: August 2022

The study’s objective was to determine whether ten plants from the Apiaceae family used in traditional medicine had any antifungal properties against the fungi A. fumigates and F. solani. The selection of the plants was based on their alleged ethnobotanical applications. The antifungal activity of several plant extracts in methanol, ethanol, hexane and ethyl acetate against A. fumigates and F. solani was tested. We employed the Agar well diffusion method to assess the antifungal effectiveness. Extracts’ Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were established. Plant extracts in methanol and ethanol were more efficient than those in hexane and ethylacetate The findings indicated that Coriander sativum L., Pimpinella anisum L., Bunium persicum L. and Cuminum cyminum L had the strongest antifungal effects. Comparatively little activity was seen for the extract of Carum carvi L. and Centella asiatica L. against A. fumigates and F. solani. Extracts’ MIC values were found to range from 0.36 µg/ml to 0.14 µg/ml. Extracts with the largest zone of inhibition may be a source of antifungal compounds that can be used to treat human infection. We come to the conclusion that the remarkable fungicidal characteristics of these extracts support their traditional usage as an antiseptic, medicinal and preservative.
A common IGF1R gene variant predicts later life breast cancer risk in women with preeclampsia
Authors: Powell Mark , Fuller Sophia , Gunderson Erica , Benz Christopher
Published: August 2022

PurposePreeclampsia has been inconsistently associated with altered later-life risk of cancer. This study utilizes the Nurses’ Health Study 2 to determine if the future risk of breast and non-breast cancers in women who experience preeclampsia is modified by carrying a protective variant of rs2016347, a functional insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF1R) single nucleotide polymorphism. MethodsThis retrospective cohort study enrolled participants in 1989 and followed them through 2015, with a study population of 86,751 after exclusions. Cox proportional hazards models both with and without the impact of rs2016347 genotype were used to assess the risk of all breast cancer, hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer, and non-breast cancers. ResultsWomen with preeclampsia had no change in risk of all breast, HR+ breast, or non-breast cancers when not considering genotype. However, women carrying at least one T allele of rs2016347 had a lower risk of HR+ breast cancer, HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47-0.97, P = 0.04, with interaction term P = 0.06. For non-breast cancers as a group, women carrying a T allele had an HR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.53-1.08, P = 0.12, with interaction term P = 0.26. ConclusionsThis retrospective cohort study found that women with preeclampsia who carry a T allele of IGF1R rs2016347 had a reduced future risk of developing HR+ breast cancer, and a reduced but not statistically significant decreased risk of non-breast cancers suggesting a possible role for the IGF-1 axis in the development of cancer in these women.
Validity and reliability of the physiological and perceptual responses elicited during a novel treadmill-based Soccer Referee Simulation (SRS)
Authors: McEwan Gary P. , Unnithan Viswanath B. , Easton Chris , Glover Andrew J. , Arthur Rosie
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This study explored the validity and reliability of the physiological and perceptual responses elicited during a novel treadmill-based Soccer Referee Simulation (SRS).Methods: Following the collection of baseline measures and habituation procedures, eight sub-elite soccer referees completed a single trial of the SRS whereby measures of heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (V̇O2), blood lactate concentrations ([La-]b), and differential ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were obtained. Referees’ HR responses were also monitored during a series of competitive matches (5 match observations per referee). For the reliability aspect of the investigation, eight well-trained males with soccer playing experience and a comparable physiological profile were initially habituated, and thereafter completed three separate trials of the SRS during which the reliability of the selected outcome variables were ascertained. Trials were separated by 3-7 days and performed under standardised conditions. Results: No differences were evidenced between the SRS and match play in relation to measures of mean HR (P=0.444; ES=0.29), peak HR (P=0.074; ES=0.74), or HR-based training impulse (P=0.498; ES=0.25). Additionally, no systematic differences were detected between reliability trials for any of the measured outcome variables (P≥0.293), whilst good levels of reliability were observed for measures of mean HR (ICC=0.94; CV=3.1%), peak HR (ICC=0.93; CV=2.2%), HR-based training impulse (ICC=0.95; CV=10.0%), mean V̇O2 (ICC=0.95; CV=2.6%); [La-]b (ICC≥0.89; CV≤11.5%), and differential RPE (ICC≥0.94; CV≤15.1%). Conclusion: The SRS represents a valid and reliable protocol that closely replicates the physiological and decision-making demands of soccer refereeing.
Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria in the digestive microbiota of some aquatic insect
Authors: orhan figen , bektas mehmet , baris ozlem
Published: August 2022

Insects, leading the richest group in terms of species diversity in the world of living organisms, display the largest diversity in terms of feeding, habitat and adaptation to different living environments. In addition to studies related to the use of insects in the search for alternative foods in the world in general, the focus has been on toxicologic and pathogenic research about insects. The habitats of aquatic beetles are basically the water sources used for both agricultural and drinking water, so aquatic beetles gain further importance. Aquatic insects were collected from different localities in Erzurum and surroundings. After species identification of the collected samples, digestive tracts were dissected under aseptic conditions and microbiological analyses were performed. Isolates were identified by analyzing molecular and conventional data together. In addition to conventional analyses, 16S rDNA gene sequences were amplified with PCR reaction and DNA sequencing analyses were performed. After BLAST analysis of the obtained DNA sequences, GenBank accession numbers were obtained. In this study, the aim was to identify definite and potential human pathogens in bacteria isolated from the intestinal microbiota cultures, characterized with conventional and molecular methods, of insects among the aquatic beetles.
Quality comparison of Y-shape joints by tube hydroforming with and without counterforce
Authors: Duc Quang Vu , Van Duy Dinh , Dac Trung Nguyen , Huu Quang Nguyen
Published: August 2022

The design capability, strength, and structural rigidity provided by tube hydroforming (THF) are successfully used in many applications to produce high-strength parts and assemblies with improved mechanical properties, optimized service life, and weight features. In tubular metal forming, output parameters such as branch height, distribution of tube wall material thickness, distribution of damage factor, metal flow, effective stress, and effective strain significantly affect the quality of the product after the forming process. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the manufacturing quality of Y-shape joints from AISI304 material steel tube through output parameters of THF process with and without counter punch force on numerical simulation base. The Finite Element Method (FEM) has become an established feature of metal forming technology. The objective of FEM is to replace costly and elaborate experimental testing with fast, low-cost computer simulation. The simulation study uses finite element method-based virtual prototyping techniques to characterize output parameters, gain insight into strain mechanics, and predict mechanical properties of shaped components. The research results are presented clearly and unambiguously through the evaluation of 7 criteria to compare the quality of the specimens hydroformed by two surveyed cases and optimize the crucial input process parameters. And these data can be applied in experiments, more efficient product and process design, calculation, and control of input parameters avoiding costly trial and error in industrial production. The findings can help technologists optimize process parameters in the hydroforming process of products with protrusion from a tubular blank
Development of a convolutional neural network joint detector for non-orthogonal multiple access uplink receivers
Authors: AL-Musawi Raed S. H. , Ali Ali Hilal , Al-Majdi Kadhum , Al Gayar Sarmad
Published: August 2022

We present a novel approach to signal detection for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) uplink receivers using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in a single-shot fashion. The defacto NOMA detection method is the so-called Successive Interference Cancellation which requires precise channel estimation and accurate successive detection of the user equipment with the higher powers. It is proposed converting incoming packets into 2D image-like streams. These images are fed to a CNN-based deep learning network commonly used in the image processing literature for image classification. The classification label for each packet converted to an image is the transmitted symbols by all user equipment joined together. CNN network is trained using uniformly distributed samples of incoming packets at different signals to noise ratios. Furthermore, let’s performed hyperparameter optimization using the exhaustive search method. Our approach is tested using a modeled system of two user equipment systems in a 64-subcarrier Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Rayleigh channel. It is found that a three-layer CNN with 32 filters of size 7×7 has registered the highest training and testing accuracy of about 81. In addition, our result showed significant improvement in Symbol Error Rate (SER) vs. Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) compared to other state-of-the-art approaches such as least square, minimum mean square error, and maximum likelihood under various channel conditions. When the channel length is fixed at 20, our approach is at least one significant Figure better than the maximum likelihood method at (SNR) of 2 dB. Finally, the channel length to 12 is varied and it is registered about the same performance. Hence, our approach is more robust to joint detection in NOMA receivers, particularly in low signal-to-noise environments