bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CARE TRANSITION FOR HOSPITALIZED DEPENDENT AGED PERSONS
Authors: Zea Herrera María del Carmen , Torres Marín Berena Patricia
Published: April 2023

According to the theory of transition during the hospital entry-stayleave sequence there are favorable moments to guide the sick person and his family about care and its continuity back home. Objective: To describe the transition process from hospital care to the dependent aged person house. Methodology: Focused ethnography. Thirty semi structured interviews were performed with aged people, relatives and professionals from ﬁve public and private institutions. In Medellín, Bello and Rionegro (Antioquia, Colombia) 25 participating observations were performed in 9 hospital wards and data was manually analyzed according to ethnographic guidelines. Results: The “sick aged people and their families: Much more than the illness” theme was highlighted to describe how people feel they are subjects demanding integral care rather the “patients”; the cared subject objectivation of the interaction loss between sick person and caring person and how the transition between hospital and home took place. Conclusions: The aged person leaves hospital without knowledge about how to follow the treatment at home. Accordingly it is necessary that the caring personnel give adequate consideration to the hospital-home care transition process.
CARING FOR OTHERS: CHALLENGES AND POSSIBILITIES
Authors: De la Cuesta Benjumea Carmen
Published: April 2023

Caregiving is a human activity with a professional component. Nevertheless it is regarded as the core of nursing. Thus it is surprising to see how care giving is slipping away from nursing hands, sometimes into the hands of nursing auxiliaries and patient’s relatives or friends. This paper explores the nature of care giving and the phenomenon of family care, its contribution and place in the health care system, stressing that family care giving is becoming a family issue with increasingly relevance and weight. Research studies have shown that family caregivers need both technical and emotional support which ought to be regarded as clients and not just means of care giving. Professional nurses could prepare and support caregivers to manage the different stages of the relative’s disease and its changes. Nurses could also anticipate crises and detect situations of poor care giving.
Breastfeeding as a constructed practice: Reflection’s about breastfeeding and weaning historical evolution in Brazil
Authors: Dos Santos Monteiro Juliana Cristina , Spanó Ana Marcia , Azevedo Gomes Flavia
Published: April 2023

The historical evolution of breastfeeding practices and the causes of early weaning in Brazil are reviewed in the paper. Literature analysis suggests that breastfeeding success depends on three elements: Correct management of the technique, perception of breastfeeding importance, and the mother’s decision to do it.
Fibromyalgia. What should nursing professionals know and evaluate?
Authors: Restrepo Medrano Juan Carlos , Rojas Juan Guillermo
Published: April 2023

In the current text a theoretical fibromyalgia review is made. Disease of unknown etiology, characterized by localized pain, usually in muscles, tendon, joint and visceral zones. Physiopathology, evaluation, diagnosis and interventions of the disease are reviewed, aiming to strengthen the empiric pattern of knowledge, and improve the patient care under the nursing perspective.
Community health workers perception about prenatal care
Authors: Reibnitz Schmitt Kenya , Pedroso Canever Bruna , Mattia Daiana de , Virtuoso Ariane Maccarini , Cartana Fontoura Maria do Horto , Coelho Amestoy Simone , Trindade Letícia Lima
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe the perception community health workers (CHW) have about prenatal care.

Methodology. Convergent-care and qualitative study, carried out following the Paulo Freire’s pedagogical principles. The perceptions about difficulties found in the development of health care pro­motion activities of 15 community health workers who support prenatal care, were studied in a health institution of Santa Catalina (Brazil) between March and May of 2009. With a previous informed consent the communi­ty health workers participated in 6 workshops, in which their perceptions about knowledge and behaviors in prenatal care were evaluated using the policies of basic care of the health ministry. Data were categorized using the thematic analysis by Minayo.

Results. Three categories emerged: previous knowledge, actions built by the CHW and teamwork-supportive work.

Conclusion. CHW have previous knowledge about prenatal care, however it is not enough for them to understand and assess the effective­ness of their actions.
Matrix of critical processes: Proposal to study living and health conditions
Authors: Gómez Tabares Gloria Estela , López López María Victoria , Ochoa Marín Sandra Catalina , Wilches Flórez Olga Cecilia
Published: April 2023

Matrix of critical processes: Proposal to study living and health conditions
Not being under sedation is to know that you are alive
Authors: Henao Castaño Angela María , Adarve Gutiérrez Sandra , Trujillo Cañas Juan Camilo
Published: April 2023

Objective: to describe the patients experience of being under mechanic ventilation without continuous sedation effects in the Intensive Care Units (ICU).

Methodology: qualitative study with phenomenological focus, performed during the year of 2006 in the city of Rionegro Antioquia, Colombia. Depth interviews were conducted to six men and three women who had all the physical and mental conditions to participate in the study aging between 24 and 48 years old.

Results: not being under sedation during the ICU stance was  associated by the patients with a lower severity of the disease and death risk: being awake allowed them to participate in their own disease process and help with the treatment.

Conclusion: the participant patients valued positively the experience of being under mechanicventilation without the sedation effects.
Cardiovascular risk, quality of life and quality-adjusted years of life: a case report
Authors: Duque Henao Sandra Lorena , Vásquez Velásquez Johanna
Published: April 2023

Objective: to determine the ratio cost-utility of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) promotion and prevention programs in a health care providing institution in the city of Medellin (Colombia). Methodology: the preventive program was compared before and after with the conventional control scheme under the design of a quasi experimental study evaluation with a non equivalent control group. Between the studied groups' differences of the following results were evaluated at the end of the first and second year: Framingham score, direct cost of the program, quality of life, health indexes and quality-adjusted years of life. Results: in the evaluated groups a statistically meaningful difference was found between the initial and final moments for the variables: Framingham score, direct cost of the program, quality of life, health indexes and quality-adjusted years of life. Conclusion: the participation of patients in CVD prevention and promotion programs is related with risk reduction and a better quality of life.
Difficulties for care in the emergency room services: the inhuman wait
Authors: Lopera Betancur Martha Adiela , García Henao María Lucelly , Madrigal Ramírez Martha Cecilia , Forero Pulido Constanza
Published: April 2023

Objective: to understand the process of receiving emergency care services for patients and their families.

Methodology: the research was performed with adult people from both genders who consulted the emergency room services in the city of Medellin (Colombia). A qualitative focus was used with focalized ethnographic tools, 9 interviews and 50 observation hours were conducted. The analysis was done from the field journals and interviews, codes were extracted and then grouped in categories that best represented the studied phenomenon.

Results: people assist to the emergency service looking for care, but when they get there they find themselves with a series of barriers that should be handled to be able to be admitted, to receive information and to be accompanied. In the emergency service there is a disagreement between three views: the first one is the one from the participants who consider it inhuman, the second one is the health system one that ensures timely and quality care, and the third one is the one shown in other researches: they have found access barriers for admission and information.

Conclusion: there are a number of barriers for patients to receive care in the emergency room services in the studied institutions.
Features of the protective actions related to health processed in Medellin, Colombia
Authors: Rodríguez Tejada Claudia Milena , Molina Marín Gloria , Jiménez Santiago Alejandro
Published: April 2023

Objective: to describe the health right infringement features, as reflected in the protective actions processed in the city of Medellin (Colombia).

Methodology: retrospective descriptive study, in which the protective actions processed in the Antioquia’s sectional direction court during the years 2001-2007 were analyzed. A randomized sampling was taken, stratified by defendant entity and years of protective actions rulings.

Results: 79% of the people who filed protective actions were affiliated to the contributive tax regime, 88% of them required health services, medicines, or medical supplies included in the Mandatory Health Plan. From the affiliates to the subsidy regimen 57% required attention and services included in the benefit plan. 62% of the people asked for integral attention. The circulatory and osteomuscular system diseases took a bigger number of people to file a protective action (19% and 15%) respectively.

Conclusion: Most of the people regardless the type of affiliation to the General Social Security System, ask for health attention and services included in their benefit plan through the protective action.
Overweight, obesity, and dyslipidemias at a mexican northeastern university population
Authors: Magallanes Monrreal Martha , Gallegos Cabriales Esther Carlota , Carrillo Cervantes Ana Laura , Sifuentes Leura Daniel , Olvera Blanco María Antonieta
Published: April 2023

Objective: to determine the overweight, obesity and dyslipidemias prevalence at a mexican northeastern university population.

Methodology: transversal cut descriptive study; stratified randomized sampling was made with proportional assignation of 292 people. Blood samples were taken to determine total cholesterol, low and high density lipoproteins, weight and height were measured to cal culate the body mass index (BMI).

Results: a total prevalence of 31,2% overweight was found (45.8% in men and 22.4% in women) and 15.1% of obesity. The hypercholesterolemia global prevalence was of 23.6% (31.4% in men and 18.4% in women) Being higher in manual workers and managers (53.8% and 52.8%, respectively). The people’s BMI above the normal range have 2.55 times the risk of dyslipidemia compared to the ones who have a normal weight (IC95:1.46–4.46). The multivariate analysis showed significant differences for the variables: total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and triglycerides between the two groups compared; finally the Tuckey Post Hoc analysis showed significant differences in total colesterol and high and low density lipoproteins between normal weight and overweight.

Conclusion: there is ahigher prevalence of obesity in men than in women, the association between obesity and total colesterol suggests a bigger cardiovascular disease risk.
Industrial engineering contribution to the development of (Nursing Research and Education) “Investigación y Education en Enfermería” journal: an instructor vision
Authors: Franco Henao Leidy Tatiana
Published: April 2023

From the experience as an instructor of “Investigación y Educación en Enfermeria” (Nursing Research and Education) journal, an industrial engineer student speaks about the contributions she has made to the development of this periodic publication from a profession she’s learning.
Nursing professionalization beginnings in Colombia
Authors: Castro C. Beatriz
Published: April 2023

This article discusses the confluence of three institutional programs (Faculty of Medicine of the National University, San Juan de Dios Hospital and the Presentation Dominican’s Charity Sisters Congregation) as a fundamental aspect for the beginning of one of the firsts and most important nursing schools in Colombia, in the context of social assistance policies led by the Sate of Colombia in the 1920’s. The different changes that the first academic nursing program had until the consolidation of the profession are also discussed.
Academic contributions of an exploratory study. The field work experience
Authors: Ocampo Rivera Diana Carolina , Alcaraz López Gloria Margarita
Published: April 2023

Experience, work field access correct and incorrect choices, participant’s selection and the application of the interview tech­nique are reported. Theoretical, methodological and ethical re­flection of the exploratory study experience, generates meaningful learnings for the development of qualitative research practice, as well as showing aspects that in theory researchers’ are not able to see, even more if they are new.
Women, maternity and academic work.
Authors: Cangiani Fabbro Márcia Regina , Montes Heloani José Roberto
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe the academic work experience and maternity of the university professors.

Methodology. The research was completed from December 2003 to December 2005. Information was collected from five university professors’ life stories and reflective interviews in a public university of Sao Paulo (Brazil).

Results. Data analysis had two cores: The story of “each of them” and the story of “all of them” which led to the empirical categories: maternity, genre relationships and academic work. The results pointed that work provides professional accomplishment asserting themselves as professionals and being able to provide family maintenance. But the last statement could be secondary to the family and relational universe that supports the individual fulfillment.

Conclusion. Maternity was the triggering factor of mythical character questions of “fulfilled women” what took them to think about themselves, their work and the relationship with their children and husband.
Nutritional status and food safety in teenage pregnant women. Pereira, Colombia, 2009
Authors: Quintero Tabares Rocío , Muñoz Astudillo Ma Nelcy , Álvarez Sierra Luz Elena , Medina Perea Gloria Amparo
Published: April 2023

Objective. To assess the nutritional status and food safety perception of teenage pregnant women consulting in institutions from the ESE Salud Pereira during the year of 2009.  Methodology. Descriptive transversal cut study. With a 95% confidence interaRTval, a sample of 150 pregnant women from the prenatal control assistants between April and June of 2009 were chosen. Four professional nurses were trained as interviewers. A survey and the Latin-American and Caribbean food security scale were applied. Nutritional assessment was performed from the biomarkers, anthropometric and obstetric indicators registered in the clinical history. A single variable and bivariate analysis was made.  Results. 95% of the teenage pregnant women had socioeconomic status I and II, 59% hadn’t completed secondary education, 79% were primigravid, 21% had low weight before pregnancy and 45% low weight during pregnancy. 15% showed anemia. 33% reported urinary tract infection. 8.7% had PIH. 63.3% of the pregnant women perceived any degree of food insecurity which was severe in 22.7% of the homes.  Conclusion. A high low weight before pregnancy ratio no opportunely compensated was found. Due to the food security impact over nutrition in pregnancy it’s monitoring should be included as one of the basic activities in the prenatal attention.
Health care rejection due to patient motivations
Authors: Beltrán Salazar Oscar Alberto
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe the meaning for the patients of the health care rejection. Methodology. Qualitative study with phenomenological focus performed in Medellin (Colombia) between 2008 and 2009. It included 12 hospitalized adults. The in depth interview was used to collect the information. Data were analyzed according to the Cohen, Kahan and Steeves proposed scheme.  Results. Fear, suffering, dependency as well as the “bad reputation” of professionals, institutions or procedures contribute to the answer to care rejection. Patients reject the disease because of pain and suffering. Knowledge plays a double role in health care because it helps to accept or reject care and promote patients’ acceptance and satisfaction.  Conclusion. Rejection is a patient decision answering to situations linked to the disease, knowledge and nurses’ behaviors should be taken into account by the nurses.
Educational nursing research evaluation in the Autonoma University of Mexico State from
Authors: Cárdenas Becerril Lucila , Hernández Díaz Ma , Arana Gómez Beatriz , García Hernández Ma de Lourdes
Published: April 2023

Objective. To evaluate the nursing educational researches completed in the nursing and obstetrics faculties of the Autonoma university of Mexico State between the years 1995 and 2008. 

Methodology. Exploratory, documentary and retrospective study. it has a functional and structural approach with a quantitative focus. Nursing educational area researches as well as other primary sources that showed research work such as books, thesis, magazines and memories were evaluated.

Results. 49 research products that referred to nursing education were found (22 degree thesis, 8 of masters, a professional experience report, 12 articles published in magazines and memories and 6 books). 100% of the researchers found are descriptive and diagnostic. There is no evidence that such diagnostics had been used as intervention research basis, evaluation and creation of new proposals for the educational area. 10% of the researched is related with the nursing professionals’ labor market and the remaining 90% study the educational process actors. There is no followup on the researches’ diffusion and disclosure neither on the application or implementation of the results obtained in each study. 

Conclusions. The reviewed researches had limitations, specially the non-attachment to the educational policies at the federal level.
Smoking associated factors in students during their last year of higher education
Authors: Zuzulich Pavez María Soledad , Cabieses Valdés Báltica , Pedrals Gibbons Nuria , Contreras Escudero Lorena , Martínez Aldunate Daniel , Muñoz Serrano Mónica , Espinoza Sepúlveda Manuel
Published: April 2023

Objective. To determine the risk factors associated to smoking in the last year of school in a Chilean university population. 

Methodology. Analytical, observational, transversal cut study. Stratified randomized sampling was conducted according to academic unit and year of career; the size of the sample was of 2045 students from four campuses of the catholic university of Chile. The information was collected with a self-applied questionnaire. A descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression analysis was made. 

Results. The average age was 20.4±1.6, 46% were males and 70.3% had a high socioeconomic status. 91% had started cigarette consumption before the age of 18. The smoking monthly prevalence was of 40.5%, 20% of the surveyed would be at risk of having diagnosis of smoking. A positive association was found between smoking during the last year of university and: age (p< 0.05), female sex (p< 0.001), socioeconomic status (p< 0.05) and parents drug consumption perception (p< 0.001). A negative association was found between smoking and religiosity (p< 0.001). 

Conclusion. In the studied university group it was found that the smoking problem requires special attention due to its magnitude and association to risk factors as age, female gender, socioeconomic status and a low religiosity.
Feeling nurse after the passing of a loved one
Authors: Fernández Alba Rosa
Published: April 2023

With 14 years of university graduate as a nurse, the author expe-rienced the pain, sorrow, loss, and uncertainty in illness and death of a loved one. Knowledge and experience gotten in her profes-sional life were not enough to face these feelings which became pain, guilt, and reality denial. From her personal experience she rebuilt the nurse feelings to her mother’s death: that one, a tiny woman but of great character who with only 54 years old faced a terminal cancer. Impotence during the diseases course, the loss, grief, denial, anger, depression, acceptance and death made her understand the nursing role in critical situations that involve loved ones.
Risk factors for fetal death in the city of Pato Branco (Brazil)
Authors: Trindade Letícia de Lima , Coelho Amestoy Simone , Picolo Diogo , Falchetti Giancarlo , Marten Milbrath Viviane
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe risk factors for fetal mortality in the city of Pato Branco (Brazil).

Methodology. Des­criptive study. Cases of babies born dead in the city of Pato Branco from 2000 to 2008 were analyzed. The information was obtained from the Mortality Information System.

Results. 91 fetal deaths were registered in the studied period, for a mean rate of 9.27 per thousand born alive. The main risk factors originated from the mother were: placenta previa (38.5%), pregnancy induced hypertension (38.5%), age under 20 years or over 30 years of age (40.7%), having three or less years of school (25.7%) and being a housewife (34.1%). For the fetus, the only risk factor registered was the sex, in which 52.7% of deaths were males.

Conclusion. Some preventable risk factors were identified; it is necessary to intervene them to reduce fetal mortality in the city.
Health education. Nurses’ experiences with the family health strategy
Authors: Roecker Simone , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe nurses’ who participate in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) educational practice.

Methodology. Qualitative study, carried out in 2010. Semi-structured interviews about daily experiences of 20 nurses who worked with the FHS in the 10th Health Regional of Paraná, Brazil, were done.

Results. All the nurses confer great importance to health education, which they do daily. At the individual level, childcare guidance is highlighted, while in the group level, group educational activities – pregnant women, hypertensive patients, and smokers- were the most frequent ones. In some stories it was appreciated that the evaluation of educational necessities of the population was done without the effective participation of the community.

Conclusion. FHS practice should be reoriented to health’s promotion and prevention, trying to get family and general community active participation, strengthening new formulas about thinking and doing in health.
Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of nurses and nursing students towards HIV/AIDS
Authors: Conejeros Vallejos Irma , Emig Sánchez Helga , Ferrer Lagunas Lilian , Cabieses Valdés Báltica , Cianelli Acosta Rosina
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe attitudes, knowledge and perceptions of nurses and nursing students towards the people who live with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).

Methodology. Bibliographic study in which six electronic databases were searched using the key words: “attitude”, “knowledge”, “nursing”, perceptions”, “HIV/AIDS”. Publications between 1998 and 2007 were considered.

Results. 560 articles limited by scientific researches or ministerial reports membership were retrieved. Finally a total of 38 publications were selected, the analysis showed that the level of knowledge of nurses and nursing students about PLWHA is good and the attitudes towards HIV/AIDS have improved over time. Nurses and nursing students have been able to identify both positive and negative aspects in the PLWHA care personally and professionally because there is a more favourable perception.

Conclusion. There are few studies in Latin America and Chile that study the attitudes and knowledge of the studied population towards PLWHA. According to publications found the knowledge and attitudes have improved because the perception is more favourable.
Mastectomized women primary caregiver’s abilities.
Authors: Ostiguín Meléndez Rosa María , Rivas Herrera José Cruz , Vallejo Allende Maite , Crespo  Knopfler Silvia , Alvarado Aguilar Salvador
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe the abilities in care, mastectomized women primary caregivers (PC) have, in terms of knowledge, value and patience.

Methodology. Cross sectional descriptive study carried out in 2010 in the National Institute of cancerology in Mexico City. A sample of 100 primary caregivers was used. For the abilities measurement the instrument “caring abilities inventory”, which has 3 subscales, Knowledge, value and patience, was used. Correlations were estimated among the sum of the terms comparing them with the sociodemographic variables.

Results 41% of the PC were men, 77% were married, 41% were the patient’s children and 32% their couple, most of them had a paid job. Caregivers mean age was 43 years. Regarding caregiver abilities a high score for the dimensions knowledge and patience, and a low score for value was found. The correlation between value and patience was low.

Conclusion. The most important abilities caregivers must have are knowledge and patience. Value didn’t show such relevance.
Implementation of healthy school strategies. An intersector alliance
Authors: Cárdenas Cárdenas Luz Mery , Suárez Cárdenas Carmen Constanza , Agudelo Cely Nancy Aurora
Published: April 2023

Objective. To evaluate the implementation of healthy school strategies in a primary school institution in the rural area of Nuevo Colon (Boyacá) in Colombia.

Methodology. Unique case study with two stages, a diagnostic one and an intervention one. In the diagnostic stage a cross sectional descriptive study was performed to determine scholars health status, the situation found was supplemented with a community self diagnosis. The intervention stage was framed into two fields of action: with the educational community members and form the inter sector and inter institution perspective.

Results. Environment problems related with the location of the institutions and unfavorable situations in the scholars, both at the familiar and individual level were identified. Alternative solutions to the problems searched through community participation, health education and building alliances between the educational community, health field, education and municipal authorities.

Conclusion. Healthy school strategies contributed to the improvement of scholars’ quality of life and human development.
Making visible the invisible. Gender violence and between generations in a colombian indigenous community
Authors: Yepes Delgado Fanny Lucía , Hernández Enríquez Colombia
Published: April 2023

Objective. To assess gender violence and between generations in an Embera Indigenous reservation.

Methodology. Participative Action Research Approach guided by epistemological perspective of Critical Theory, held in an Embera community of Antioquia, Colombia. Participative emphasis, meetings and workshops focused on health problems identified with the Indigenous participants.

Results. There is a growing concern in the community for increased abuse between men and women, distancing and devaluation of relations between generations, and the loss of identity due to exposure to the western culture. Problem invisibilized and supported by the upbringing and education received and provided to the new generations, and the governors and leaders role in the compliance of equity rules between genders and generations.

Conclusion. Violence between genders and generations is a health and educational problem that is affecting the well-being of the studied Embera community.
Explorative study, a journey to discover
Authors: Zuliani Arango Liliana
Published: April 2023

This article talks about the journey the author starts with the encouragement to discover the theoretical and methodological knowledge importance to make an explorative study which allows making a bibliographic and argumentative review about the different types of research, the methodological perspectives and the tools and techniques used to collect information; information that is complemented with the interview to one of the actors who have participated in the health policies construction being able to reflect about the Me researcher. It is the starting point of a journey which destination will be to discover and learn.
Nursing team perception in the accompanying of the work process in the Family Health program
Authors: Cardoso Leticia Silveira , Cezar-Vaz Marta Regina , Costa Valdecir Zavarese da , Soares Jorgana Fernanda de Souza , Silva Mara Regina Santos da
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe the nursing team perceptions regarding the importance, actions and purposes of ac­companying the work process in the Family Health program (FH).

Methodology. Descriptive study, where 185 people from nursing teams that work in 12 cities that have FH units subscribed to the Third Regional Health Coordination of Rio Grande do sul, Brazil, participated. Semi-structured interviews were recorded; collected data was analyzed using the NVivo 7.0 software.

Results. Research actions of the health necessities are highlighted. Attendance, management, and healing procedures have workflow regulations. The purpose of accompanying is the creation of links between sick people and health communitarian agents, which facilitate reaching the goals of the family health strategy and also allow work organization in the units.

Conclusion. Accompanying for the nursing personnel who work in the FH is a continuous process that should be suppor­ted by the community.
Interdisciplinarity in palliative care delivery to cancer patients
Authors: Porto Adrize Rutz , Thofehrn Maira Buss , Amestoy Simone Coelho , Cardozo González Roxana Isabel , Oliveira Naiana Alves
Published: April 2023

Objective. To get to know interdisciplinary practice in the Oncology Interdisciplinary Home Hospitalization Program (PIDI) health team.

Methodology. This qualitative research involved nine professionals working in this program, in the South of Brazil, who delivered palliative care to cancer patients. Data were recollected in 2009 through observation and focal groups, and analyzed through the thematic analysis technique.

Results. Two categories emerged: interdisciplinary practice in the PIDI is a permanent construction process and palliative care in interdisciplinary practice. This program was characterized by: workers’ interaction in an interdisciplinary focus, integration of actions and knowledge, establishment of dialogue, horizontal power relations in the team, respect for other people’s knowledge, colleagues and limits of their performance, collective and continuous learning, and internal motivation to defend a practice based on the quality of patients’ life and death.

Conclusion. The integration of interdisciplinary palliative care practice is innovative and can improve care quality and contribute to the satisfaction of professionals working with patients who need this type of care.
Work situation of women in the gravidic-puerperal cycle
Authors: De Godoy Maria Beatriz , Gomes Flávia Azevedo , Stefanello Juliana , Dos Santos Monteiro Juliana Cristina , Spanó Nakano Ana Márcia
Published: April 2023

Objective. To characterized the work situation of women in the gravid-puerperal cycle.

Methodology. Transversal study, performed in 2005 in a maternal unit in Riberirao Preto- Brazil that attends exclusively patients from the Unique Health System. 122 postpartum women who were in the labor market during pregnancy participated.

Results. 52.5% of the participants had remunerated activities, of which 45.3% were informal activities. Pregnancy was the reason for firing 79.3% of the women. When they finish their maternity license, women will have to assume their domestic and family duties beside the ones from the remunerated work ones.

Conclusion. Work situation of the studied population is not always favorable to the exercise of civil rights what ends in unemployment and work desertion.
Quality of health care, beyond the technical and rules view
Authors: Múnera Gaviria Hugo Alberto
Published: April 2023

Objective. To understand the perceptions the users have about health care quality received in three health care institutions in the city of Medellin, Colombia.

Methodology. Qualitative approach from the perspective of focused ethnography. Data were obtained through semi structured interviews, non participant observation, field journey and documentary revision. Informed consent from the participants and hospitals authorization was obtained. The participants were 18 users.

Results. Categories resulting from the analysis were: the health care way, meeting with the other, health care differences, and how to solve the complaint.

Conclusion. From the users view, there are difficulties with health care associated with health care providers, especially with the daily relationship with the users. This situation is a consequence of the efficiency and technical model, where the user as a subject and person is every time more invisible.
Social abilities to interact in virtual learning environments
Authors: Da Silva Edilaine Cristina , Corradi-Websterz Clarissa Mendonça
Published: April 2023

Objective. To investigate the association between social abilities characteristics needed to interact academically and the use of communication tools of a virtual learning platform.

Methodology. Quantitative study, performed in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, in 2006. 32 nursing students from the on line class about humor and personality disorders and some from the psychiatric nursing class participated. The virtual learning platform used for the on line class was TELEDUC. Instruments: communication tool access registration, social characteristics to interact with their colleagues in the academic environment questionnaire. Correlation tests were performed between the scores of the social abilities characteristics, and the frequency the virtual environment communication tools were used (Pearson correlation).

Results. A moderate positive correlation was found between the sociability factor and access to the “Chat” (r=0.61) and “Forum” (r=0.50) tools; Moderate negative correlation between the levels of aggression and the “mail” tool “ (r=-0.37); Positive correlation between the levels of leadership and “mail” (r=0.53); moderate negative correlation between inhibition levels and the “Chat” (r=-0.65) and “Forum” (r =-0.63) tools.

Conclusion. Social abilities contribute to the participation of the students in long distance educational processes, so it needs to be taken into account in the teaching- learning virtual environments.
Social support with information technologies and communication to caregivers.
Authors: Florez Torres Inna Elida , Montalvo Amparo Astrid , Massa Elizabeth Romero
Published: April 2023

Objective. To determine the effectiveness of social support through the radio and web in caregivers of the city of Cartagena, Colombia.

Methodology. Semi-experimental research carried out in 2010 where 86 caregivers to whom the instrument Hilbert’s social support in chronic illness inventory was applied before and after a social support intervention through the radio and the web. ANOVA’s test was used to assess the differences in the score changes of the dimensions of the scale employed.

Results. The average scores before and after the interventions were respectively by dimension: Guide: 59.6 and 81.9; personal interaction 43.3 and 51.6; Feedback 20.7 and 27.3. Social interaction: 20.6 and 25.7. For all the dimensions statistically significant differences were found in the averages.

Conclusion. There is evidence in favor that social support with information technologies and communication was effective in the intervened caregivers.
Contribution of intimate partner violence exposure, other traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder to chronic pain and depressive symptoms
Authors: Medina Natalia Tobo , Canaval Erazo Gladys Eugenia , Burgos Dávila Delia Concepción , Humphreys Janice Carrol
Published: April 2023

Objective. To assess the contribution of intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure, other traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder to chronic pain and depressive symptoms.

Methodology. Cross sectional descriptive study. 150 women with a past history of IPV who lived in the metropolitan area of the city of Cali (Co­lombia), and were over 18 years old participated in the study. Data were collected between June of 2009 and March of 2010. IPV, trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress, depressive symptoms and pain were measured with standard scales. Information was analyzed using regression and multiple-scale analysis.

Results. More than 50% of the women from the sample were exposed to the typical types of violence: threatening, physical and sexual violence. Usually a type of violence coexists with the other types. Depressive symptoms and chronic pain were present in 72% and 74% of the patients respectively.

Conclusion. Physical manifes­tations were not the ones that caused most of the effects over women’s health with IPV, but psychological manifestations as de­pressive symptoms and stress did. Women exposed to IPV health approach should be conducted from a multidimensional view.
Young people talk about their sexuality. Community nurses pedagogical experience
Authors: Valencia Jiménez Nydia Nina , Vergara Mercado Marylolis
Published: April 2023

This article synthesizes the pedagogical experiences developed in community practices by nursing students from the University of Sinú “Elias Bechara Zainúm” of the city of Monteria (Colombia), between 2005 and 2010. Learning and teaching processes were developed based on social constructivism and the situated cognition theory, which led to abilities promotion and the relationship between practice and scientific knowledge. To teach the students how to think, new practice contexts with a juvenile style, and other particulars  like  the  Friendly  Service,  and  the  Reproductive  and Sexual  Health  Olympics  were  created.  They  allowed  knowledge exchange between scholar teenagers and nursing students with a high impact in the society of Cordoba. The latter effort was recognized by the National Educational Ministry and the health and educational authorities of the department as a successful experience in the nursing field of the Caribbean coast of Colombia.
Morphological parameters of uterine body leiomyosarcoma associated with survival rates
Authors: Rozonova O. A. , Kozlov N. A. , Volkov A. Yu. , Egorova A. V. , Artamonovа E. V.
Published: April 2023

Background. Uterine leiomyosarcomas are highly aggressive tumors with a poor prognosis. The main prognostic factors are the stage of the disease, the size of the primary tumor, and the grade of malignancy. It is well known that the clinical course and prognosis of uterine leiomyosarcoma do not correlate with the FNCLCC histological grade, based on assessment of the mitotic index and the presence and amount of necrosis in sarcomas. There is published data on a more unfavorable course of non-spindle cell uterine leiomyosarcomas.

Aim. To evaluate the influence of pathological factors (histological subtype, mitotic index, necrosis and its type) on survival rates in uterine leiomyosarcoma.

Materials and methods. The study included 58 patients who underwent radical surgery for uterine leiomyosarcoma. The following morphological parameters were evaluated on histological slides: histological subtype, mitotic index, the presence of necrosis in the tumor and its type. Further, the analysis of the influence of these morphological characteristics on the indicators of progression-free survival and overall survival was carried out. Statistical analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics Professional 20.0 statistical software package. Long-term results are presented in the form of actuarial survival calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results. Most cases of uterine leiomyosarcoma were of the spindle-cell variant (82.8 %), had a mitotic index >20 per 10 high power field (93.1 %) and large foci of necrosis (70.7 %), coagulation necrosis was more often detected (43.1 %). There was a significant difference in the median overall survival of patients with spindle-cell variant of uterine leiomyosarcoma and non-spindle-cell variants (epithelioid or myxoid): 77 months vs. 49 months (p = 0.05). There was no significant relationship between the mitotic index of the primary tumor, the size of necrosis foci in the tumor and survival rates. The presence of coagulative necrosis in the tumor was significantly associated with a deterioration in progression-free survival (9 months vs. 14 months, p = 0.05) and overall survival (51 months vs. 104 months, p = 0.05).

Conclusion. The spindle-cell variant of leiomyosarcoma is associated with higher overall survival rates compared to other histological subtypes. The presence of coagulative necrosis in the tumor in comparison with other types of necrosis is an unfavorable prognostic factor associated with a decrease in both progression-free survival and overall survival.
Proton beam therapy for rectal cancer: a literature review
Authors: Kozlova I. V. , Udalov Yu. D. , Danilova L. A. , Nezvetsky A. V. , Bogomolova I. A. , Gritsenko S. E.
Published: April 2023

Colorectal cancer is a significant group of malignant neoplasms that dominates the morbidity and mortality patterns in the world. for patients with colorectal cancer, a multidisciplinary approach is required when choosing treatment tactics involving surgeons, radiotherapists and chemotherapists. At present, it is impossible to overestimate the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. The purpose of this review is to summarize current data on proton beam therapy and its role in the treatment of rectal cancer.
Separate Methodological Problems of the Evolution of Guilt in Civil Law
Authors: Bogdanov E. V.
Published: April 2023

The paper notes that in ancient societies, the responsibility did not start with guilt, but rather with infliction of harm, when harm or losses were compensated to victims (creditors) only in connection with this infliction, the debtor’s mental attitude to his actions was not taken into account. Guilt as a mental attitude of the subject to their illegal action (inaction) and the ensuing consequences appeared in connection with the formation of an individualistic worldview in society. From this period on, responsibility begins to be based on the principles of guilt. There is a gradual overcoming of fundamentals of the infliction of harm. Subsequently, the ideas of individualism began to lose their appeal to society and the process of transition from individualism to collectivism began. In matters of responsibility this was reflected in the emergence of strict liability, when compensation for losses (harm) was carried out not in connection with the establishment of a certain mental attitude of the subject to their illegal behavior, but for the very fact of causing harm or losses. Currently, in the science of civil law, there is no longer that urgency in the discussion about the principles of responsibility: both the fundamentals of guilt and the fundamentals of infliction of harm are recognized by legislation and judicial practice. It can be argued that the fundamentals of infliction of harm will be recognized in even greater volumes. In particular, from such positions, apparently, it is necessary to resolve the issue of compensation for damage to the victim caused by an object controlled by artificial intelligence, it will not even be strict, as the responsibility of the owner of the source of increased danger, but general (absolute) liability for the very fact of causing harm.
Some Civil Law Concepts of Non‑Pecuniary Harm in Europe
Authors: Monastyrskiy Yu. E.
Published: April 2023

The article is aimed at comparing different concepts of individual right protection. The author dwells on two theories of claims for moral harm. They are the rebuttable presumption relied on in the EU, and the need to provide evidence of harm under Russian law. In addition to reviewing several doctrinal works, higher courts rulings and the European views on the topic, the author focuses on the question of the relationship between moral and reputational harm, noting here that not all of the identified doctrinal concepts correspond to strict legislative terminology. For example, information injurious to honor, dignity, or business reputation may not cause harm (save for moral harm) but is associated with the occurrence of damages. It seems to be the first work advocating the thesis that damages can be recovered instead of non-pecuniary harm. The Russian tort law concept bares some features of Soviet tradition with strict division between reimbursement of harm and recovery of losses. It was allowed only when reimbursement in kind grew impossible. That was later transferred on to judicial discretion to determine the right means of legal protection. The formula that recovery of losses is a substitute of compensation of any harm had been set forth in Civil Code serving as a legal basis to sue for losses in lieu of moral damage.