bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antarctic Streptomyces fildesensis So13.3 strain as a promising source for antimicrobials discovery
Authors: Núñez-Montero Kattia , Lamilla Claudio , Abanto Michel , Maruyama Fumito , Jorquera Milko A. , Santos Andrés , Martinez-Urtaza Jaime , Barrientos Leticia
Published: May 2019

Antarctic have been suggested as an attractive source for antibiotics discovery and members of Streptomyces genus have historically been studied as natural producers of antimicrobial metabolites. Nonetheless, our knowledge on antibiotic-producing Streptomyces from Antarctic is very limited. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of organic extracts from Antarctic Streptomyces strains was evaluated by disk diffusion assays and minimum inhibitory concentration. The strain Streptomyces sp. So13.3 showed the greatest antibiotic activity (MIC = 15.6 μg/mL) against Gram-positive bacteria and growth reduction of Gram‒negative pathogens. The bioactive fraction in the crude extract was revealed by TLC‒bioautography at Rf = 0.78 with molecular weight between 148 and 624 m/z detected by LC-ESI-MS/MS. The strain So13.3 was taxonomically affiliated as Streptomyces fildesensis. Whole genome sequencing and analysis suggested a 9.47 Mb genome size with 42 predicted biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and 56 putative clusters representing a 22% of total genome content. Interestingly, a large number of them (11 of 42 BGCs and 40 of 56 putative BGCs), did not show similarities with other known BGCs. Our results highlight the potential of the Antarctic Streptomyces strains as a promising source of novel antimicrobials, particularly the strain Streptomyces fildesensis So13.3, which first draft genome is reported in this work.
Evaluating the impact of organisational digital maturity on clinical outcomes in secondary care in England
Authors: Martin Guy , Clarke Jonathan , Liew Felicity , Arora Sonal , King Dominic , Aylin Paul , Darzi Ara
Published: May 2019

All healthcare systems are increasingly reliant on health information technology to support the delivery of high-quality, efficient and safe care. Data on its effectiveness are however limited. We therefore sought to examine the impact of organisational digital maturity on clinical outcomes in secondary care within the English National Health Service. We conducted a retrospective analysis of routinely collected administrative data for 13,105,996 admissions across 136 hospitals in England from 2015 to 2016. Data from the 2016 NHS Clinical Digital Maturity Index were used to characterise organisational digital maturity. A multivariable regression model including 12 institutional covariates was utilised to examine the relationship between one measure of organisational digital maturity and five key clinical outcome measures. There was no significant relationship between organisational digital maturity and risk-adjusted 30-day mortality, 28-day readmission rates or complications of care. In multivariable analysis risk-adjusted long length of stay and harm-free care were significantly related to aspects of organisational digital maturity; digitally mature hospitals may not only deliver more harm-free care episodes but also may have a significantly increased risk of patients experiencing a long length of stay. Organisational digital maturity is to some extent related to selected clinical outcomes in secondary care in England. Digital maturity is, however, also strongly linked to other institutional factors that likely play a greater role in influencing clinical outcomes. There is a need to better understand how health IT impacts care delivery and supports other drivers of hospital quality.
Bioinspired superwettable micropatterns for biosensing
Authors: Xu Tailin , Xu Li-Ping , Zhang Xueji , Wang Shutao
Published: May 2019

The bioinspired micropatterns exhibit outstanding capacity in controlling and patterning microdroplets, which have offered new functionalities and possibilities towards a wide variety of emerging biological and biomedical applications.
Resveratrol regulates skeletal muscle fibers switching through the AdipoR1-AMPK-PGC-1α pathway
Authors: Jiang Qinyang , Cheng Xiaofang , Cui Yueyue , Xia Qin , Yan Xueyu , Zhang Mingyuan , Lan Ganqiu , Liu Jiaqi , Shan Tizhong , Huang Yanna
Published: May 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Resveratrol (RES) in regulating skeletal muscle fiber-type switching.
Parylene copolymer gate dielectrics for organic field-effect transistors
Authors: Park Hyunjin , Kwon Jimin , Ahn Hyungju , Jung Sungjune
Published: May 2019

The parylene copolymer gate dielectric improves the device performance and operational stability without increasing fabrication complexity.
NIR optical carbon dioxide gas sensor based on simple azaBODIPY pH indicators
Authors: Fernández-Ramos M. D. , Aguayo-López M. L. , de los Reyes-Berbel E. , Santoyo-González F. , Capitán-Vallvey L. F.
Published: May 2019

Two simple boron-dipyrromethene-type fluorophore (azaBODIPYs) dyes are synthesized and tested for the determination of CO2 gas by an inner filter process.
Molecular spectroscopic wavelength selection using combined interval partial least squares and correlation coefficient optimization
Authors: Jiang Weiwei , Lu Changhua , Zhang Yujun , Ju Wei , Wang Jizhou , Xiao Mingxia
Published: May 2019

Wavelength selection plays a vital role in employing near-infrared spectroscopy for analyzing samples.
A highly sensitive dual-color lateral flow immunoassay for brucellosis using one-step synthesized latex microspheres
Authors: Zhu Mingsong , Jia Yurui , Peng Lizhi , Ma Jifu , Li Xiangru , Shi Feng
Published: May 2019

A lateral flow immunoassay was developed to improve clinical care compared with conventional brucellosis screening methods. Detection is dual-color in format using dyed, carboxyl-functionalized latex microspheres synthesized with a one-step method.
In situvisualization of peroxisomal peroxynitrite in the livers of mice with acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride using a new two-photon fluorescent probe
Authors: Zhou Yongqing , Li Ping , Fan Nannan , Wang Xin , Liu Xiaoning , Wu Lijie , Zhang Wen , Zhang Wei , Ma Changle , Tang Bo
Published: May 2019

In situvisualization of peroxisomal peroxynitrite in the livers of mice with acute liver injury using a new two-photon fluorescent probe.
Metal–catechol complexes mediate ice nucleation
Authors: Yang Huige , Diao Yunhe , Huang Beili , Li Kaiyong , Wang Jianjun
Published: May 2019

Metal–catechol complexes are constructed to successively mediate ice nucleation by varying the characteristic and valence of metal.
Unusual fluorescence of o-phenylazonaphthol derivatives with aggregation-induced emission and their use in two-photon cell imaging
Authors: Yoon Yeoju , Jo Seonyoung , Park Sang Jun , Kim Hwan Myung , Kim Dongwook , Lee Taek Seung
Published: May 2019

Unusual fluorescence of o-phenylazonaphthol derivatives with aggregated-induced emission (AIE) is reported for the first time, which can be used in two-photon cell imaging applications.
One-pot synthesis of mercapto functionalized Zr-MOFs for the enhanced removal of Hg2+ ions from water
Authors: Lin Daiwu , Liu Xiao , Huang Renliang , Qi Wei , Su Rongxin , He Zhimin
Published: May 2019

A new one-pot approach was developed for the synthesis of mercapto functionalized Zr-MOFs with high adsorption capacity for Hg2+ ions.
Chirality-dependent halogen bonds in axially chiral quinazolin-4-one derivatives bearing ortho-halophenyl groups
Authors: Imai Tomomi , Niijima Erina , Terada Shumpei , Wzorek Alicja , Soloshonok Vadim A. , Hori Akiko , Kitagawa Osamu
Published: May 2019

In the crystals of racemic axially chiral quinazolinones, the formation of intermolecular halogen bonds was detected.
Size-dependent ion emission asymmetry of free NaCl nanoparticles excited by intense femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Antonsson E. , Gerke F. , Merkel L. , Halfpap I. , Langer B. , Rühl E.
Published: May 2019

We report on asymmetric ion emission of size-selected NaCl nanoparticles (d = 100–600 nm) ionized by intense femtosecond laser pulses (λ = 800 nm, peak intensity ∼1013 W cm−2).
Accessing different binding sites of a multifunctional molecule: IR spectroscopy of propargyl alcohol⋯water complexes in helium droplets
Authors: Mani Devendra , Pal Nitish , Smialkowski Mathias , Beakovic Claudio , Schwaab Gerhard , Havenith Martina
Published: May 2019

Helium droplets facilitate the formation of two distinct local minimum structures for 1 : 1 propargyl alcohol⋯water complex.
Electrocatalytic reduction of dioxygen by Mn(iii)meso-tetra(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin in universal buffer
Authors: Lieske Lauren E. , Hooe Shelby L. , Nichols Asa W. , Machan Charles W.
Published: May 2019

The electrochemical characterization of manganese(iii)meso-tetra(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin pentachlorideviacyclic voltammetry (CV) and UV-vis spectroelectrochemistry (UV-vis SEC) was performed to examine O2reduction in aqueous conditions.
rtl-M-MOFs (M = Cu, Zn) with a T-shaped bifunctional pyrazole-isophthalate ligand showing flexibility and S-shaped Type F-IV sorption isotherms with high saturation uptakes for M = Cu
Authors: Millan Simon , Gil-Hernández Beatriz , Milles Erik , Gökpinar Serkan , Makhloufi Gamall , Schmitz Alexa , Schlüsener Carsten , Janiak Christoph
Published: May 2019

The flexible, activated MOF rtl-[Cu(HIsa-az-dmpz)] undergoes a reversible phase change into a closed form with gate opening at cryogenic temperatures for N2 and CO2.
Isoleucine attenuates infection induced byE. colichallenge through the modulation of intestinal endogenous antimicrobial peptide expression and the inhibition of the increase in plasma endotoxin and IL-6 in weaned pigs
Authors: Ren Man , Cai Shuang , Zhou Tong , Zhang Shihai , Li Shenghe , Jin Erhui , Che Chuanyan , Zeng Xiangfang , Zhang Tao , Qiao Shiyan
Published: May 2019

Enteric infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals worldwide.
Dietary polyphenols rutin, taxifolin and quercetin related compounds target Leishmania amazonensis arginase
Authors: da Silva Edson Roberto , Brogi Simone , Lucon-Júnior João Francisco , Campiani Giuseppe , Gemma Sandra , Maquiaveli Claudia do Carmo
Published: May 2019

Taxifolin, quercetin glucuronide and quercetin glucosides inhibit arginase from Leishmania amazonensis.
Hydrotreatment of biocrudes derived from hydrothermal liquefaction and lipid extraction of the high-lipid Scenedesmus
Authors: Tang Shun , Shi Ze , Tang Xiaohan , Yang Xiaoyi
Published: May 2019

Biocrudes derived from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and lipid extraction (EXT) of the high-lipid Scenedesmus were hydrotreated to investigate the influences of the feedstock on the profiles of the hydrotreating biofuels.
Effect of microcapsules partially filled with viscoelastic acrylate polymer on damping behaviours of epoxy resin
Authors: Shi Xiaoyu , Liu Chenglong , Li Kexin , Shi Zuosen , Cui Zhanchen
Published: May 2019

Controlling Tg of core material to adjust the tan δ and the Tα of epoxy resin.
A NIR fluorescent sensor for biothiols based on a dicyanoisophorone derivative with a large Stokes shift and high quantum yield
Authors: Qian Ming , Zhang Liuwei , Wang Jingyun
Published: May 2019

Probe N-Bio exhibited rapid response, high sensitivity and strong NIR fluorescence in the detection of biothiols in living cells.
Metal-free thioesterification of amides generating acyl thioesters
Authors: Wang Qun , Liu Long , Dong Jianyu , Tian Zhibin , Chen Tieqiao
Published: May 2019

A base-initiated thioesterification of amides with various thiols is reported. This reaction can take place efficiently under metal-free and air-atmospheric conditions, and provides a facile and practically useful approach to the synthesis of valuable acyl thioesters.
Direct white light emission from carbon nanodots (C-dots) in solution processed light emitting diodes
Authors: Paulo-Mirasol Sofia , Martínez-Ferrero Eugenia , Palomares Emilio
Published: May 2019

C-Dots are the only component of the electroactive layer in solution processed LEDs and the only source of the white light.
Tuning electron transfer in supramolecular nano-architectures made of fullerenes and porphyrins
Authors: Wang Bingzhe , Bauroth Stefan , Saha Avishek , Chen Muqing , Clark Timothy , Lu Xing , Guldi Dirk M.
Published: May 2019

The current work focuses on self-assembled nano-architectures in which metal–ligand coordination between ZnP and ZnP-TDP as electron donors, and C60 as electron acceptors have been designed and investigated.
Lacto-N-tetraose synthesis by wild-type and glycosynthase variants of the β-N-hexosaminidase from Bifidobacterium bifidum
Authors: Schmölzer Katharina , Weingarten Melanie , Baldenius Kai , Nidetzky Bernd
Published: May 2019

Enzymatic lacto-N-biose transfer from lacto-N-biose 1,2-oxazoline to lactose by wild-type and glycosynthase variants of Bifidobacterium bifidum β-N-hexosaminidase yielded lacto-N-tetraose in a single-step, highly regioselective transformation.
Thermoresponsive hydrogels formed by poly(2-oxazoline) triblock copolymers
Authors: Monnery Bryn D. , Hoogenboom Richard
Published: May 2019

Hydrogels are useful materials for drug delivery and tissue engineering. Here, we report the importance of controlling block lengths for making thermoresponsive hydrogels based on ABA triblock copolymers with thermoresponsive outer blocks.
Hyphenation of size-exclusion chromatography to mass spectrometry for precision polymer analysis – a tutorial review
Authors: Jovic Kristina , Nitsche Tobias , Lang Christiane , Blinco James P. , De Bruycker Kevin , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: May 2019

Herein we demonstrate how SEC-ESI-MS can be used to analyze complex polymers, a significant challenge in contemporary polymer chemistry.
Evaluation of AA-CVD deposited phase pure polymorphs of SnS for thin films solar cells
Authors: Ahmet Ibbi Y. , Guc Maxim , Sánchez Yudania , Neuschitzer Markus , Izquierdo-Roca Victor , Saucedo Edgardo , Johnson Andrew L.
Published: May 2019

Polymorph selective deposition of α- and π-SnS enables their evaluation as thin film PV absorber layers in various device structures.
A photoelectrochemical glucose sensor based on gold nanoparticles as a mimic enzyme of glucose oxidase
Authors: Cao Ling , Wang Panpan , Chen Li , Wu Ying , Di Junwei
Published: May 2019

This work reports the first construction of the ternary layers of ITO/PbS/SiO2/AuNPs nanostructure for development of photoelectrochemical (PEC) glucose sensor.
Correction: Enhanced up-conversion luminescence in transparent glass-ceramic containing KEr3F10:Er3+ nanocrystals and its application in temperature detection
Authors: Xia Zhijun , Huang Huixiang , Chen Zhi , Fang Zaijin , Qiu Jianrong
Published: May 2019

Correction for ‘Enhanced up-conversion luminescence in transparent glass-ceramic containing KEr3F10:Er3+ nanocrystals and its application in temperature detection’ by Zhijun Xia et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 10999–11004.
Self-assembly and complex manipulation of colloidal mesoscopic particles by active thermocapillary stress
Authors: Ghosh Subhrokoli , Biswas Aritra , Roy Basudev , Banerjee Ayan
Published: May 2019

We demonstrate that the active thermocapillary stresses induced by multiple microbubbles offer simple routes to directed self-assembly and complex but controllable micromanipulation of mesoscopic colloidal particles embedded in a liquid.
Solvent-induced aggregation based on a heteroleptic Ir(iii) complex via hydrogen bonds
Authors: Song Zhongming , Wang Jia , Liu Rui , He Guangke , Tang Meng , Zhu Hongjun
Published: May 2019

Based on the heteroleptic Ir(iii) complex, the differences in its AIE properties in CH2Cl2/hexane and ethanol/water solution systems indicated that the intermolecular hydrogen bonds determined the emission of the aggregated states and the self-assembled states, which paves a new way for designing nanomaterials.
Visual multiple color emission of solid-state carbon dots
Authors: Yang Jing , Liu Yong , Wang Jing , Wang Song , Zhou Xinzhe , Li Huanrong
Published: May 2019

Solid-state luminescent carbon dots (CDs) with visual multiple color emission properties have been prepared by a facile in situ synthesis approach within the confined interlayers of the host 2D matrix LAPONITE® (SNC/Lap). The prospective application of SNC/Lap in white light emitting diode (LED) are demonstrated herein.
TRAIL, OPG, and TWEAK in kidney disease: biomarkers or therapeutic targets?
Authors: Bernardi Stella , Voltan Rebecca , Rimondi Erika , Melloni Elisabetta , Milani Daniela , Cervellati Carlo , Gemmati Donato , Celeghini Claudio , Secchiero Paola , Zauli Giorgio , Tisato Veronica
Published: May 2019

Ligands and receptors of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily regulate immune responses and homeostatic functions with potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Kidney disease represents a global public health problem, whose prevalence is rising worldwide, due to the aging of the population and the increasing prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and immune disorders. In addition, chronic kidney disease is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, which further increases kidney-related morbidity and mortality. Recently, it has been shown that some TNF superfamily members are actively implicated in renal pathophysiology. These members include TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), its decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG), and TNF-like weaker inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). All of them have shown the ability to activate crucial pathways involved in kidney disease development and progression (e.g. canonical and non-canonical pathways of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B), as well as the ability to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, necrosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis with double-edged effects depending on the type and stage of kidney injury. Here we will review the actions of TRAIL, OPG, and TWEAK on diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease, in order to provide insights into their full clinical potential as biomarkers and/or therapeutic options against kidney disease.
Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Simulation Training on the 1-3-6 Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Timeline
Authors: Alanazi Ahmad A. , Nicholson Nannette
Published: May 2019

Purpose

This study aimed to find out more about the effect of the use of the 1-3-6 early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) timeline and interprofessional simulation training on audiology and speech-language pathology graduate students' confidence level of knowledge and skills.

Method

A 1-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental study design was used to assess self-ratings of confidence in knowledge and skills. The mean age for 50 graduate students participating in this study was 25.32 years (
SD
= ±3.77, range: 22–37 years). Participants completed a pre- and postevent questionnaire in which they rated their level of confidence for specific knowledge and skills. Three case scenarios represented by standardized parents were developed, and 8 students volunteered to participate in implementing the 1-3-6 EHDI timeline, whereas others participated as observers. All participants participated in the briefing and debriefing sessions immediately before and after each scenario. Participants were asked to rate their readiness for interprofessional education/practice and their satisfaction of the educational experience after the last case scenario.

Results

Overall, the pre- and postsimulation event questionnaire revealed a significant improvement in the participants' self-rated confidence levels in knowledge and skills. The mean difference between pre- and postevent scores was 0.78 (
p
< .01). The mean interprofessional learning was 2.13 (range: 1.16–2.57,
SD
= ±0.24) based on a Likert scale, where 1 =
strongly agree
and 5 =
strongly disagree
. The mean satisfaction level was 4.37 (range: 3.94–4.72,
SD
= ±0.24) based on a Likert scale, where 1 =
not satisfied
and 5 =
very satisfied
.

Conclusions

The results demonstrated the value of using interprofessional simulation training among audiology and speech-language pathology students to improve their confidence in knowledge and skills. The curriculum developed in this study for the 1-3-6 EHDI timeline provides resources for educators in both professions and other related professions.
Wireless sensor node deployment strategy for hilly terrains – a surface approximation based approach
Authors: Saikia Monjul , Hussain Md. Anwar
Published: May 2019

Sensor deployment in a wireless sensor network (WSN) is a challenging task due to the high chance of occurrence of the error in the deployment process, which makes the network inefficient. Particularly in three‐dimensional (3D) WSN, the ideal positioning of sensor nodes over the ground with precise coverage and connectivity is a very significant consideration in the deployment of sensors. Various models for 2D sensor deployment have been proposed to date, but in real‐world scenarios, the target field (field of interest) is not always 2D flat surface and therefore a 2D deployment model cannot address the issue of deploying sensor nodes on uneven surfaces such as hilly terrains. In this paper, we presented a surface approximation‐based sensor deployment using truncated octahedron (SASD‐TO) to solve the problems of sensor deployment on an irregular surface. Using the B‐Spline, a 3D model of the target surface is approximated and then a Truncated Octahedron is used to estimate the exact coordinates of a sensor node. A very decent coverage area as high as 98% on average, whereas at lowest 2% of the uncovered area and 8% of the superimposed area were observed.
The effects of ionization feedback on star formation: a case study of the M 16 H II region
Authors: Xu Jin-Long , Zavagno Annie , Yu Naiping , Liu Xiao-Lan , Xu Ye , Yuan Jinghua , Zhang Chuan-Peng , Zhang Si-Ju , Zhang Guo-Yin , Ning Chang-Chun , Ju Bing-Gang
Published: May 2019

Aims. We aim to investigate the impact of the ionized radiation from the M 16 H II region on the surrounding molecular cloud and on its hosted star formation.

Methods. To present comprehensive multi-wavelength observations towards the M 16 H II region, we used new CO data and existing infrared, optical, and submillimeter data. The 12CO J = 1−0, 13CO J = 1−0, and C18O J = 1−0 data were obtained with the Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO) 13.7 m radio telescope. To trace massive clumps and extract young stellar objects (YSOs) associated with the M 16 H II region, we used the ATLASGAL and GLIMPSE I catalogs, respectively.

Results. From CO data, we discern a large-scale filament with three velocity components. Because these three components overlap with each other in both velocity and space, the filament may be made of three layers. The M 16 ionized gas interacts with the large-scale filament and has reshaped its structure. In the large-scale filament, we find 51 compact cores from the ATLASGAL catalog, 20 of them being quiescent. The mean excitation temperature of these cores is 22.5 K, while this is 22.2 K for the quiescent cores. This high temperature observed for the quiescent cores suggests that the cores may be heated by M 16 and do not experience internal heating from sources in the cores. Through the relationship between the mass and radius of these cores, we obtain that 45% of all the cores are massive enough to potentially form massive stars. Compared with the thermal motion, the turbulence created by the nonthermal motion is responsible for the core formation. For the pillars observed towards M 16, the H II region may give rise to the strong turbulence.
Quest for the tertiary component in Cyg OB2 #5
Authors: Rauw Gregor , Nazé Yaël , Campos Fran
Published: May 2019

Aims. The Cyg OB2 #5 system is thought to consist of a short-period (6.6 d) eclipsing massive binary orbited by an OB-star with a period of ~6.7 yr; these stars in turn are orbited by a distant early B-star with a period of thousands of years. However, while the inner binary has been studied many times, information is missing on the other stars, in particular the third star whose presence was indirectly postulated from recurrent modulations in the radio domain. Besides, to this date, the X-ray light curve could not be fully interpreted, for example in the framework of colliding-wind emission linked to one of the systems.

Methods. We obtained new optical and X-ray observations of Cyg OB2 #5, which we combined to archival data. We performed a thorough and homogeneous investigation of all available data, notably revisiting the times of primary minimum in photometry.

Results. In the X-ray domain, XMM-Newton provides scattered exposures over ~5000 d whilst Swift provides a nearly continuous monitoring for the last couple of years. Although the X-ray light curve reveals clear variability, no significant period can be found hence the high-energy emission cannot be explained solely in terms of colliding winds varying along either the short or intermediate orbits. The optical data reveal for the first time clear signs of reflex motion. The photometry indicates the presence of a 2366 d (i.e. 6.5 yr) period while the associated radial velocity changes are detected at the 3σ level in the systemic velocity of the He II λ 4686 emission line. With the revised period, the radio light curve is interpreted consistently in terms of a wind interaction between the inner binary and the tertiary star. From these optical and radio data, we derive constraints on the physical properties of the tertiary star and its orbit.
Hot UV-bright stars of galactic globular clusters
Authors: Moehler S. , Landsman W. B. , Lanz T. , Miller Bertolami M. M.
Published: May 2019

Context. We have performed a census of the UV-bright population in 78 globular clusters using wide-field UV telescopes. This population includes a variety of phases of post-horizontal branch (HB) evolution, including hot post-asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, and post-early AGB stars. There are indications that old stellar systems like globular clusters produce fewer post-(early) AGB stars than currently predicted by evolutionary models, but observations are still scarce.

Aims. We wish to derive effective temperatures, surface gravities, and helium abundances of the luminous hot UV-bright stars in these clusters to determine their evolutionary status and compare the observed numbers to predictions from evolutionary theory.

Methods. We obtained FORS2 spectroscopy of eleven of these UV-selected objects (covering a range of −2.3 <  [Fe/H] <  −1.0), which we (re-)analysed together with previously observed data. We used model atmospheres of different metallicities, including super-solar ones. Where possible, we verified our atmospheric parameters using UV spectrophotometry and searched for metal lines in the optical spectra. We calculated evolutionary sequences for four metallicity regimes and used them together with information about the HB morphology of the globular clusters to estimate the expected numbers of post-AGB stars.

Results. We find that metal-rich model spectra are required to analyse stars hotter than 40 000 K. Seven of the eleven new luminous UV-bright stars are post-AGB or post-early AGB stars, while two are evolving away from the HB, one is a foreground white dwarf, and another is a white dwarf merger. Taking into account published information on other hot UV-bright stars in globular clusters, we find that the number of observed hot post-AGB stars generally agrees with the predicted values, although the numbers are still low.

Conclusions. Spectroscopy is clearly required to identify the evolutionary status of hot UV-bright stars. For hotter stars, metal-rich model spectra are required to reproduce their optical and UV spectra, which may affect the flux contribution of hot post-AGB stars to the UV spectra of evolved populations. While the observed numbers of post-AGB and post-early AGB stars roughly agree with the predictions, our current comparison is affected by low number statistics.
Diagnose der Thrombozytenfunktionsstörungen – eine Herausforderung im Labor
Authors: Althaus Karina , Wagner Miriam , Bakchoul Tamam
Published: May 2019

Die Ursache von Thrombozytenfunktionsstörungen kann erblich bedingt sein, aber auch infolge von Begleiterkrankungen und Arzneimittelwirkungen auftreten. Die Thrombozytenfunktionsuntersuchung ist jedoch komplex und kaum standardisiert. Die Bestimmung der Thrombozytenzahl und die morphologische Untersuchung der Blutplättchen sind auch für eine erste Beurteilung der Thrombozytenfunktion extrem hilfreich. Bei Patienten mit Verdacht auf eine Thrombozytenfunktionsstörung sollte nach Bestimmung der Thrombozytenzahl und der ersten morphologischen Untersuchung die Lichttransmissionsaggregometrie (LTA) und wenn möglich die Sekretionsanalyse z.B. in der Durchflusszytometrie bzw. die Immunfluoreszenzmikroskopie durchgeführt werden. Bei auffälligen Befunden können weitere spezialisierte Verfahren wie z.B. die Elektronenmikroskopie und genetische Untersuchungen zielführend sein. Hierbei ist eine Vereinheitlichung von Thrombozytenfunktionsanalysen und Antikörperuntersuchungen zwischen den verschiedenen Laboren extrem wichtig, um die Diagnostik auf diesem Gebiet zu optimieren. Wir möchten uns in diesem Artikel auf die angeborene Thrombozytenfunktionsstörung und die derzeit aktuellen Labormethoden fokussieren, um die zugrunde liegenden molekularen und genetischen Defekte genauer bestimmen zu können. Ziel ist es, eine optimale Anwendung des diagnostischen und therapeutischen Ansatzes für die Behandlung von Patienten mit erblichen Thrombozytenfunktionsstörungen zu ermöglichen.
Die unerwartet positive Kreuzprobe
Authors: Weiland Thorsten
Published: May 2019

Eine positive Verträglichkeitsprobe bei scheinbar negativem Antikörperstatus ist ein seltenes Ereignis, das jedoch häufig eiliger Aufklärung bedarf. Zu den Ursachen gehören Verwechslungen von Proben oder Patienten, Fehlbestimmungen, neu nachweisbare irreguläre Alloantikörper, Antikörper gegen niedrigfrequente Antigene, gegen Reagenzienbestandteile oder gegen das Merkmal A1. Ein standardisierter Arbeitsfluss hilft, die Ursachen rationell und schnell aufzuklären und so eine sichere Versorgung des Patienten zu ermöglichen.
Effect of Fatigue on Functional Stability of the Knee: Particularities of Female Handball Players
Authors: Gillot Timothée , L'Hermette Maxime , Garnier Typhanie , Tourny-Chollet Claire
Published: May 2019

The risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury in female handball players is high. Fatigue of active stabilizers and increases in joint laxity are often mentioned in the literature as causal factors. However, no studies have been carried out on this population. Our objective is to determine the effect of muscle fatigue on active and passive knee stability in female handball players. This prospective study assessed tibiofemoral joint laxity, as well as hamstring and quadriceps strength, before (Tinitial), during and 3 min after (Tfinal) an isokinetic fatigue protocol (25 repetitions of knee flexion / extension at 180°.s−1). Laxity values (slope of the displacement-load curve and anterior tibial translation) were measured using a GNRB-Rotab® arthrometer; torque values were measured at specific joint angles and peak muscle torque using an isokinetic dynamometer. Nineteen women (20.9±2.4 years, 62.0±4.9 kg, 166±5 cm) were included. Normalized peak torque decreased significantly between the first three and last three repetitions of the fatigue protocol (p<0.0001, ES=3.2 and 3.2). Slope of the displacement-load curve and anterior tibial translation, functional and conventional ratios did not change significantly between Tinitial and Tfinal. Active and passive markers of knee stability were not altered by a fatigue protocol in female handball players, suggesting these players have a large capacity for recovery. These results suggest that muscle strengthening to prevent ACL injury in female handball players may be inappropriate.

Level of evidence: Level 2b, Prospective Cohort.
Patientenzufriedenheit nach Thyreoidektomie – die Breite der Narbe ist wichtiger als die Länge
Authors: von Heesen Maximilian , Pawlik Katharina , Scherber Philipp R , Schuld Jochen
Published: May 2019

Hintergrund Zur Vermeidung einer Narbe am Hals wurden alternative Verfahren zur Thyreoidektomie entwickelt. Ziel unserer Studie war es, die Bedeutung der Narbe und die Einflussfaktoren für die Zufriedenheit nach klassischer Thyreoidektomie im Langzeitverlauf festzustellen.

Material und Methoden 228 Patienten, die sich zwischen 2001 und 2014 wegen einer gutartigen Schilddrüsenerkrankung einer partiellen oder totalen Thyreoidektomie unterzogen hatten, nahmen an einer telefonischen Befragung teil. Neben der Zufriedenheit der Patienten wurden demographischen Daten, das subjektive Erscheinungsbild der Narbe und subjektive Beschwerden erfasst.

Ergebnisse 93,8 % der Patienten waren mit der Behandlung zufrieden. Weibliche und jüngere Patienten waren tendenziell unzufriedener als männliche und ältere. Die mittlere Narbenlänge betrug 6,03 ± 2,36 cm und die mittlere Narbenbreite 2,01 ± 1,46 mm. Die Länge der Narbe hatte keinen Einfluss auf die Zufriedenheit. Dagegen waren Patienten mit einer breiteren prominent oder auffällig verfärbten Narbe signifikant unzufriedener. Patienten, die postoperativ dauerhaft an Beschwerden wie Druckgefühl oder Schluckbeschwerden litten, waren ebenfalls signifikant unzufriedener. Kosmetische Probleme beeinflussen die Zufriedenheit stärker als funktionelle Probleme.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Zufriedenheit nach Thyreoidektomie ist im Langzeitverlauf gut. Ob durch die Anwendung eines alternativen bzw. minimalinvasiven Verfahrens die Zufriedenheit weiter verbessert werden kann, ist fraglich. Diese Verfahren sind gegebenenfalls eine Alternative für jüngere und weibliche Patienten oder solche, die einen hohen Wert auf Kosmetik legen.
Geschichte der Universitätshautkliniken Leipzig
Authors: Barth J. , Haustein U.-F. , Simon J.-C.
Published: May 2019

An der zweitältesten deutschen Universität, Leipzig, wurde die Dermatovenerologie als selbständiges Lehrfach mit klinischer Ausrichtung erst 1896 und damit vergleichsweise spät etabliert. Erster Honorarprofessor und Klinikdirektor war der Wiener Gustav Riehl. Ihm folgte im Amt 1902 der aus Innsbruck nach Leipzig berufene Johann Heinrich Rille, der fortan 32 Jahre lang in Leipzig wirkte. Seinen Aktivitäten ist es zu verdanken, dass die Dermatovenerologie 1931 in ein architektonisch eindrucksvolles, nach modernsten Gesichtspunkten ausgerüstetes, neues Klinikgebäude einziehen konnte. Mit 407 Betten für Haut- und Geschlechtskranke war die Klinik eine der größten in Europa. Im 2. Weltkrieg erlitt sie starke Zerstörungen. 2006 erhielt das Fachgebiet wiederum ein neues Gebäude zugewiesen, das den Ansprüchen an eine moderne Dermatovenerologie voll gerecht wird.
Tumors: Wounds That Do Not Heal—A Historical Perspective with a Focus on the Fundamental Roles of Increased Vascular Permeability and Clotting
Authors: Dvorak Harold F.
Published: May 2019

Similarities between solid tumor stroma generation, wound healing, chronic inflammation, and associated inflammatory diseases have prompted interest from the time of Virchow. However, it was not until the 1970s that these entities were shown to share important molecular mechanisms. Foundational to all of them is the initiating role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) in increasing vascular permeability to plasma and plasma proteins. Extravasated plasma activates the tissue factor clotting pathway, leading to extravascular deposition of a fibrin gel. Fibrin serves initially as a provisional stroma that provides a favorable substrate for the attachment and migration of tumor cells, as well as host fibroblasts, endothelial, and inflammatory cells. Fibrin and its degradation products have proangiogenic activity with important roles in the generation of new blood vessels and connective tissue stroma. Over time, fibrin is degraded and replaced by vascular and subsequently by dense, relatively avascular collagenous connective tissue, the end-product referred to as desmoplasia in tumors and scar in healed wounds. Fibrin and the mature stroma that replaces it provide a diffusion barrier to chemotherapy and a structural barrier that inflammatory cells must cross to reach tumor cells. Plasma solutes of varying size cross the endothelial cells lining capillaries and venules of normal tissues and “mother” vessels of tumors and wounds by different anatomical pathways. VEGF-A levels fall back to normal as wounds heal but remain perpetually elevated in solid tumors. Thus, tumors may heal centrally but continually initiate new healing activity as they grow and invade surrounding normal tissues.
Next-Generation Sequencing and Emerging Technologies
Authors: Kumar Kishore R. , Cowley Mark J. , Davis Ryan L.
Published: May 2019

Genetic sequencing technologies are evolving at a rapid pace with major implications for research and clinical practice. In this review, the authors provide an updated overview of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and emerging methodologies. NGS has tremendously improved sequencing output while being more time and cost-efficient in comparison to Sanger sequencing. The authors describe short-read sequencing approaches, such as sequencing by synthesis, ion semiconductor sequencing, and nanoball sequencing. Third-generation long-read sequencing now promises to overcome many of the limitations of short-read sequencing, such as the ability to reliably resolve repeat sequences and large genomic rearrangements. By combining complementary methods with massively parallel DNA sequencing, a greater insight into the biological context of disease mechanisms is now possible. Emerging methodologies, such as advances in nanopore technology, in situ nucleic acid sequencing, and microscopy-based sequencing, will continue the rapid evolution of this area. These new technologies hold many potential applications for hematological disorders, with the promise of precision and personalized medical care in the future.
Telekom Healthcare Solutions: „In den Gesundheitsmarkt kommt Bewegung“
Authors: Doelfs Guntram
Published: May 2019

Mark Düsener ist neuer Geschäftsführer der Telekom-Gesundheitssparte, die im Zuge des Umbaus bei T-Systems geschaffen wurde. Im Gespräch mit kma geht es um das wachsende Engagement der Telekom beim Thema E-Health, die Zukunft von KIS-Systemen und Nachzügler bei der Telematik-Infrastruktur.
Finanzinvestoren im Ambulanten Bereich: Krankenhaus kaufen, um MVZ zu gründen?
Authors: Porten Stephan , Horn Carsten
Published: May 2019

Finanzinvestoren werden im ambulanten Markt in den nächsten Jahren stabile Rahmenbedingungen vorfinden. Auch wenn es einige Einschränkungen für Investoren gibt, hat das Terminservice- und Versorgungsgesetz (TSVG) diesbezüglich Klarheit geschaffen. Für Krankenhäuser wird es in einem ambulanten Investorenmarkt allerdings nicht leichter.
Informationssicherheit im Krankenhaus: Auch für „die Kleinen" heißt es: Handeln!
Authors: Reichl Andrea , Schwinger Sebastian
Published: May 2019

In diesem Jahr müssen Kliniken mit mehr als 30 000 stationären Patienten nachweisen, dass sie das IT-Sicherheitsgesetz umsetzen. Ein zentrales Thema also für Klinikmanager, IT-Leiter und Informationssicherheitsbeauftragte dieser Häuser. Aber auch die kleineren Kliniken dürfen in puncto Informationssicherheit nicht schlafen.
Luftqualität im OP-Saal: Sind TAV-Decken sinnvoll?
Authors: Zastrow Klaus Dieter
Published: May 2019

Bei nahezu allen Neubaumaßnahmen und Umbauten stehen Bauherren vor der Frage, welche Belüftungstechnik die richtige für ihren Operationssaal ist. Immer wieder stoßen sie hier auf die Problematik sogenannter TAV-Decken – und deren Nutzen und Anwendbarkeit bezüglich der höchsten Raumluftklasse im OP.
Zukunftsfähigkeit des Deutschen Gesundheitswesens: KI or not KI, that’s (not) the question
Authors: Häussler Bertram
Published: May 2019

Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) umgibt uns schon heute. Wir schätzen sie und könnten noch viel mehr davon nutzen: Mehr Service, Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Dienste unserer Gesundheit. Leider ist KI oft nicht „Made in Germany“. Das muss sich ändern, dafür müssen wir uns öffnen.
Photon position eigenvectors, Wigner’s little group, and Berry’s phase
Authors: Hawton Margaret , Debierre Vincent
Published: May 2019

We show that the cylindrical symmetry of the eigenvectors of the photon position operator with commuting components, x^, reflects the E(2) symmetry of the photon little group. The eigenvectors of x^ form a basis of localized states that have definite angular momentum, J^, parallel to their common axis of symmetry. This basis is well suited to the description of “twisted light” that has been the subject of many recent experiments and calculations. Rotation of the axis of symmetry of this basis results in the observed Berry phase displacement. We prove that x^1,x^2,J^3 is a realization of the two dimensional Euclidean e2 algebra that effects genuine infinitesimal displacements in configuration space.
A fully automated dual-tip scanning near-field optical microscope for localized optical excitation and detection in the visible and near-infrared
Authors: Abbasirad Najmeh , Berzins Jonas , Kollin Kenneth , Saravi Sina , Janunts Norik , Setzpfandt Frank , Pertsch Thomas
Published: May 2019

Near-field optical microscopes with two independent tips for simultaneous excitation and detection can be essential tools for studying localized optical phenomena on the subwavelength scale. Here, we report on the implementation of a fully automated and robust dual-tip scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM), in which the excitation tip is stationary, while the detection tip automatically scans the surrounding area. To monitor and control the distance between the two probes, mechanical interactions due to shear forces are used. We experimentally investigate suitable scan parameters and find that the automated dual-tip SNOM can operate stably for a wide range of parameters. To demonstrate the potential of the automated dual-tip SNOM, we characterize the propagation of surface plasmon polaritons on a gold film for visible and near-infrared wavelengths. The good agreement of the measurements with numerical simulations verifies the capability of the dual-tip SNOM for the near-field characterization of localized optical phenomena.
Femtosecond time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy operated at sample illumination from the rear side
Authors: Klick Alwin , Großmann Malte , Beewen Maria , Bittorf Paul , Fiutowski Jacek , Leißner Till , Rubahn Horst-Günter , Reinhardt Carsten , Elmers Hans-Joachim , Bauer Michael
Published: May 2019

We present an advanced experimental setup for time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) with sub-20 fs resolution, which allows for normal incidence and highly local sample excitation with ultrashort laser pulses. The scheme makes use of a sample rear side illumination geometry that enables us to confine the sample illumination spot to a diameter as small as 6 µm. We demonstrate an operation mode in which the spatiotemporal dynamics following a highly local excitation of the sample is globally probed with a laser pulse illuminating the sample from the front side. Furthermore, we show that the scheme can also be operated in a time-resolved normal incidence two-photon PEEM mode with interferometric resolution, a technique providing a direct and intuitive real-time view onto the propagation of surface plasmon polaritons.
Accurate aberration correction in confocal microscopy based on modal sensorless method
Authors: Liu Jian , Zhao Weisong , Liu Chenguang , Kong Chenqi , Zhao Yixuan , Ding Xiangyan , Tan Jiubin
Published: May 2019

Confocal microscopy has the advantages of high resolution and optical sectioning ability over conventional microscopy. However, aberration induced by the optical system can compromise these advantages and considerably reduce the energy reaching the pointlike detector. We propose an accurate aberration correction method with a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (LCSLM) in the confocal system. Each coefficient of Zernike aberration modes is calculated by directly measuring the variance of the images with different bias aberration modes. Large-coefficient (>0.7 rad) aberration is compensated first by LCSLM, following which aberrations with small coefficients are measured precisely, minimizing the cross talk between different kinds of aberrations. With this predistortion strategy, the aberration correction is much more accurate, and maximum image intensity in the normal and nonconjugated systems is improved by 2.5 times and 4 times compared to the normal correction method, respectively, demonstrating the effectiveness of our method.
Large topological Hall effect in a geometrically frustrated kagome magnet Fe3Sn2
Authors: Li Hang , Ding Bei , Chen Jie , Li Zefang , Hou Zhipeng , Liu Enke , Zhang Hongwei , Xi Xuekui , Wu Guangheng , Wang Wenhong
Published: May 2019

We report on the observation of a large topological Hall effect (THE) over a wide temperature region in a geometrically frustrated Fe3Sn2 magnet with a kagome-bilayer structure. We found that the magnitude of the THE resistivity increases with temperature and reaches −0.875 μΩ cm at 380 K. Moreover, the critical magnetic fields with the change of THE are consistent with the magnetic structure transformation, which indicates that the real-space fictitious magnetic field is proportional to the formation of magnetic skyrmions in Fe3Sn2. The results strongly suggest that the large THE originates from the topological magnetic spin textures and may open up further research opportunities in exploring emergent phenomena in kagome materials.
Dual-cell structure digitally controlled oscillator with portability for clock generation applications
Authors: Sheng Duo , Lin Chun-Wei , Shih Ying-Chen , Yang Yun-An
Published: May 2019

This paper presents a dual-cell structure and cell-based design digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) for high-performance clock generation applications. The proposed dual-cell DCO not only can reduce the intrinsic delay to increase the maximum output frequency significantly but also extend the controllable range. In addition, the proposed digitally controlled delay cell uses the cascading structure to realize the wide output frequency range and high timing resolution at the same time. A DCO chip is fabricated in 0.18 µm CMOS technology, and the core area is 0.003 mm2. Measurement results show that operation range is from 169 MHz to 522 MHz and the finest delay resolution is 2.2 ps. Furthermore, because the proposed DCO is implemented with the digital standard cells, it is a portable design to migrate to different processes easily and reduce design time significantly.
Fault diagnosis method of self-validating metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor based on t-distribution stochastic neighbor embedding and random forest
Authors: Xu Peng , Song Kai , Chen Yinsheng , Wei Guo , Wang Qi
Published: May 2019

The metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensor plays an important role in the machine olfactory system, and the accuracy of the measured value affects the performance of the system. Because of the material characteristics of MOS gas sensors, the sensors are prone to be faulty under the condition of long-time working. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the faults of MOS gas sensors online to improve the maintainability and reliability of the machine olfactory system during the measuring process. The self-validating technology can improve the reliability of sensors. Combining with self-validating sensor technology, a fault diagnosis method for the MOS gas sensor based on t-distribution Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) and random forest (RF) is proposed in this article. The trailing effect of t-SNE is used to enhance the separability of the extracted fault features, and the fault feature set is utilized to construct a RF multifault classifier. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a gas monitoring experimental system is designed and developed to obtain sufficient experimental samples and compose simulation data of different fault types. The simulation experimental result shows that compared with the other methods, the proposed method has higher fault diagnosis accuracy, which is up to 99.78%.