bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do migrant children replicate their parents’ social economic status? Statistical analysis of educational achievement of migrant children in China
Authors: Jiang Yali
Published: January 2017

Using a large dataset from the China Educational Panel Survey (CEPS) of 2013–2014 (n=1,593), this paper identifies possible reasons that affect the academic achievement of students in grades 7 and 9 who come from migrant families, and explores whether schools with high teaching quality can remedy disadvantages of low socioeconomic backgrounds. Results of regression analyses show that, against common wisdom, we found that neither family finance nor father’s occupation significantly influence student academic performance. In addition, school type, either public or private (including special schools for children from migrant families), did not have significant influences on the achievement of those migrant children; only school ranking did. We conclude that public school resources cannot remedy the disadvantages of family background of migrant children, and migrant children do replicate the fate of their parents.
A phase 2 study incorporating sorafenib into the chemotherapy for older adults with FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia: CALGB 11001
Authors: Uy Geoffrey L. , Mandrekar Sumithra J. , Laumann Kristina , Marcucci Guido , Zhao Weiqiang , Levis Mark J. , Klepin Heidi D. , Baer Maria R. , Powell Bayard L. , Westervelt Peter , DeAngelo Daniel J. , Stock Wendy , Sanford Ben , Blum William G. , Bloomfield Clara D. , Stone Richard M. , Larson Richard A.
Published: January 2017

Key Points

The addition of sorafenib to chemotherapy for older adults with FLT3-ITD mutated AML is safe and may improve overall survival.
Factors Influencing Post-Earthquake Decisions on Buildings in Christchurch, New Zealand
Authors: Kim Jenna Jihyun , Elwood Kenneth J. , Marquis Frederic , Chang Stephanie E.
Published: January 2017

The high demolition rate (∼60%) of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings that generally performed well in Christchurch, New Zealand, has been one of the most important lessons from the Canterbury Earthquakes. In an effort to understand such an outcome, various factors influencing the post-earthquake decisions on buildings (demolition or repair) are explored, focusing on multi-story RC buildings in Christchurch Central Business District (CBD). Using empirical data, logistic regression analysis was conducted to explain the likelihood of building demolition. Several explanatory factors were found to be statistically significant: assessed damage, occupancy type, heritage status, number of floors, and construction year. From in-person interviews conducted in New Zealand, contextual factors such as insurance policy and changes in legislation were also found to play a significant role in the post-earthquake decisions on buildings.
To Govern the Church: Autonomy and the Consequences of Self-Determination for the Brotherhood of Saint Efigênia and Saint Elesbão of Black Men of São Paulo, Brazil, 1888–1890
Authors: Monroe Alicia L.
Published: January 2017

This essay examines a conflict between the Brotherhood of Saint Efigênia and Saint Elesbão of Black Men and the Diocese of São Paulo over access to the Church of Saint Efigênia, which led to ecclesial proceedings and the brotherhood's unprecedented dissolution. The dispute highlights transformations in church governance, popular devotion, and racial politics in late nineteenth-century Brazil. The article documents the local impact of Romanization (ca. 1850–1960), the effort by papal authorities and Catholic Church officials in Brazil to create greater conformity in ritual and belief by increasing the number and authority of secular clerics. The reassertion of parochial authority led to discord and racial difference between brotherhood members and church officials contributed to the conflict's intensification in a period marked by elite anxiety resulting from gradual and final slave emancipation. The dispute and its extreme resolution emphasized how fragile autonomy could be for Afro-Brazilian sodalities in the late nineteenth century.
Interpreting Visual Metaphors: Asymmetry and Reversibility
Authors: Indurkhya Bipin , Ojha Amitash
Published: January 2017

In a verbal metaphor, the target and the source domains can usually be distinguished clearly, and some features of the source domain are mapped to the target domain, and not vice versa. This asymmetry of metaphor has been acknowledged in conceptual metaphor theory, as well as in interaction theory. However, the asymmetry of visual metaphor, in which concepts are depicted in images, is debated in the existing literature. The authors argue that the main reason behind this is that images lack an explicit copula (“X is Y”); so it is not always clear what a visual metaphor is about (what its target is). The authors explore the asymmetry of visual metaphors by considering a number of examples, and also by using the results of an empirical study they conducted with forty-four participants. Their study shows that, although the source and the target of visual metaphors are reversible more often than in their verbal counterparts, the transferred features usually change drastically by the reversal. This essay argues that the visual metaphors can appear to be symmetric more often than the verbal metaphors because the lack of copula can turn the focus on the comparison between the source and the target, instead of the target itself. The examples demonstrate that context plays a major role in this process by identifying the source and the target of a visual metaphor.
Bidirectionality in Synesthesia and Metaphor
Authors: Anaki David , Henik Avishai
Published: January 2017

Most studies of synesthesia have documented its unidirectional nature. For example, in grapheme-color synesthesia, a digit (e.g., 5) triggers a color (e.g., yellow) but not vice versa. This has led many to believe synesthesia is unidirectional. However, research has provided evidence that synesthesia might be bidirectional. Similarly, discussions of metaphors have suggested that metaphors are unidirectional and, in particular, move from the concrete to the abstract dimensions. For example, the smell of fish might induce suspicion (“Something smells fishy”). However, research has suggested that metaphors might work in the other direction also, namely, from abstract to concrete. For example, induction of suspicion leads to improved detection of the smell of fish than of other odors. Are these similarities between synesthesia and metaphors just superficial or do they tell us something about our cognitive mechanisms? The present paper reviews research on directionality in synesthesia and metaphors and attempts to propose some future research directions in order to answer this question.
Where does axon guidance lead us?
Authors: Stoeckli Esther
Published: January 2017

During neural circuit formation, axons need to navigate to their target cells in a complex, constantly changing environment. Although we most likely have identified most axon guidance cues and their receptors, we still cannot explain the molecular background of pathfinding for any subpopulation of axons. We lack mechanistic insight into the regulation of interactions between guidance receptors and their ligands. Recent developments in the field of axon guidance suggest that the regulation of surface expression of guidance receptors comprises transcriptional, translational, and post-translational mechanisms, such as trafficking of vesicles with specific cargos, protein-protein interactions, and specific proteolysis of guidance receptors. Not only axon guidance molecules but also the regulatory mechanisms that control their spatial and temporal expression are involved in synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Therefore, it is not surprising that genes associated with axon guidance are frequently found in genetic and genomic studies of neurodevelopmental disorders.
Rejuvenating stem cells to restore muscle regeneration in aging
Authors: Bengal Eyal , Perdiguero Eusebio , Serrano Antonio L. , Muñoz-Cánoves Pura
Published: January 2017

Adult muscle stem cells, originally called satellite cells, are essential for muscle repair and regeneration throughout life. Besides a gradual loss of mass and function, muscle aging is characterized by a decline in the repair capacity, which blunts muscle recovery after injury in elderly individuals. A major effort has been dedicated in recent years to deciphering the causes of satellite cell dysfunction in aging animals, with the ultimate goal of rejuvenating old satellite cells and improving muscle function in elderly people. This review focuses on the recently identified network of cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors and processes contributing to the decline of satellite cells in old animals. Some studies suggest that aging-related satellite-cell decay is mostly caused by age-associated extrinsic environmental changes that could be reversed by a “youthful environment”. Others propose a central role for cell-intrinsic mechanisms, some of which are not reversed by environmental changes. We believe that these proposals, far from being antagonistic, are complementary and that both extrinsic and intrinsic factors contribute to muscle stem cell dysfunction during aging-related regenerative decline. The low regenerative potential of old satellite cells may reflect the accumulation of deleterious changes during the life of the cell; some of these changes may be inherent (intrinsic) while others result from the systemic and local environment (extrinsic). The present challenge is to rejuvenate aged satellite cells that have undergone reversible changes to provide a possible approach to improving muscle repair in the elderly.
Model of self-financing portfolio formation
Authors: ��������  , Petrenko Elena
Published: January 2017

The problem of business portfolio formation with budget constraint using model of self-financing portfolio formation is investigated in this work. This research casts a light on the unexplored practical and theoretical fields of project portfolio management and proposes an effective solution for the problem stated. Basing on the traits of the existing models and factors included in them requirements for the new model were defined. Due to the fact that business projects differ from other kinds of projects new factor was integrated into the model. This factor is the managing the proportion of debt and equity used for investing in portfolio. Except for the limitation on leverage the optimization of the NPV was employed in the model of self-financing portfolio formation. Managing the leverage ratio is important as the exceeding amount of debt means loss of control over business in case of the changing environment. Thus, such model is also aimed at reducing the risk of bankruptcy. The model was implemented for finding results for the elaborated case. The alternatives received proved to be effective for the business portfolio. The proposed model enabled to reduce significantly the amount of debt capital used while preserving close to the initial level of NPV. Thus, the way of solving the problem of business portfolio formation with the model of self-financing portfolio was shown in the work.
Economic Downfalls Influences on Project Management Development
Authors: ������  , Dagaev Aleksandr
Published: January 2017

The article discusses the problems of the economic crises impact on project management in industrial companies. Based on the study of international experience some recommendations are proposed concerning project management at the Russian enterprises.
Challenges and Opportunities of Strategic Planning in the Internal Management System
Authors: Игнатова  , Ignatova L.
Published: January 2017

The article considers the evolution of conceptual approaches of internal management, emphasizes the importance of production factors in the strategic planning system. An algorithm for developing a strategic plan is given.
Development Strategy of Business Activity of Entrepreneurship Enterprises in the Municipalities (on the example of Sverdlovsk region)
Authors: Головина  , Golovina A. , Алексина  , Aleksina A.
Published: January 2017

The article clarified the nature of the business activity of subjects of entrepreneurship,

the proposed methodological provision for monitoring business

activities of entrepreneurship enterprises in the municipalities, is characterized

by a strategy of development of business activity of entrepreneurship and

presents their approbation on the example of the municipalities of the Sverdlovsk

area.
Organizational and Legal Bases of State Regulation of Educational Activity
Authors: Фёклин  , Feklin Sergey
Published: January 2017

In the Russian Federation verifi cations in the fi eld of education are carried out by the authorized authorities and in the manner prescribed by law.

The main legal acts in the fi eld of control and surveillance activities are the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”, Federal Law “On

protection of rights of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs in the exercise of state control (supervision) and municipal control” and the Federal

Law “On licensing of certain activities”.

The head of the audited educational organization in order to enhance their legal awareness when dealing with the inspectors must be aware of their

rights, obligations and the measures taken in the case of violations of the law.

The article describes and comments on the organizational and legal aspects of inspections of educational institutions and organizations engaged in

training.
Parameters Definition of Dynamic Loading of the Destroyed Part of a Plate of a Covering at Emergency Explosion on a Starting Complex
Authors: Щельников  , Shchelnikov V. , Мандрица  , Mandritsa D. , Мандрица  , Mandritsa P.
Published: January 2017

The article considers questions of parameters definition of dynamic loading from the destroyed part of a plate of a covering at emergency Explosion on a starting complex. For the estimation of parameters of dynamic loading the approach based on an experimentally-theoretical estimation of parameters of pulse loading of contact explosion of a mix of components of rocket fuel is used. Dependences for an estimation of parameters of dynamic loading on overlapping of an underlying floor of a starting construction are defined; estimations of dynamic loading from the destroyed part of a covering of a starting construction are received at emergency explosion of mix КРТ. The method of definition of loadings and influences from the destroyed part of a plate of a covering on underlying designs is offered.
Technical Regulation of Safety of Industrial Facilities: Analyses and Risk Quantitative Assessment
Authors: Грановский  , Granovskiy E.
Published: January 2017

The methods of quantitative risk assessment based on results of hazard analysis using both expert estimates and systematic analysis of a dangerous object are discussed. It is shown that when the experts are measuring the risk factors, quantitative assessment risk without statistical processing of expert opinions and evaluation of the reliability of the result is not adequate. The basic methods of system analysis for quantitative risk assessment are considered. It is shown that the frequency of emergency depressurization for certain types of equipment given in the normative documents, received without justification that the sample is representative and homogeneous, and the events occurring in it are independent. For complex technological systems, representativeness and homogeneity of the sample, due to their uniqueness, cannot be ensured. It is shown that the logical-and-probabilistic analysis of complex systems with the use of statistical data on types of failures in the operation of the process equipment components for the probability calculation of the primary events in the logic circuits, allows to determine risk assessment uncertainty, which is necessary for decision-making.
Safety of Water Supply Systems and Wastewater Treatment of Industrial Enterprises
Authors: Шилков  , SHilkov Vladimir , Аникин  , Anikin Yu.
Published: January 2017

In this article, the necessity of integrated approach to the analysis and solution of problems of safety of water supply and

wastewater treatment are declared. The results of the study the main problems of the systems of production of water

supply and wastewater treatment are described. Practical measures for solving problems are proposed. Pressing need of

application of means of informatization, strategic risk analysis methods and innovative technologies of water treatment are

declared. The basic principles of safe and effective critical systems of water supply and wastewater treatment in the sphere

of production are proposed.
Mapeamento da Educação Física em programas de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde no sul do Brasil
Authors: Xavier Douglas , Knuth Alan
Published: January 2017

Tendo em vista a regulamentação da Educação Física como profissão da saúde em 1998 e atuação nos seus variados contextos, a presente pesquisa possui como objetivo mapear o panorama da profissão nos programas de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde (RMS) na região sul do Brasil no ano de 2015. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo quantitativo por meio de um levantamento descritivo, utilizando como procedimentos metodológicos o contato com os Ministérios da Saúde e da Educação, contato com as instituições proponentes e busca ativa. Observou-se a existência de 80 RMS na região sul, sendo que 21 contemplam a Educação Física, com 13 no Rio Grande do Sul. Constatou-se que a maioria não faz distinção entre o grau acadêmico do profissional de Educação Física e a maioria dos programas são propostos por Instituições de Ensino Superior. Sugere-se que novas pesquisas atentem para o histórico de residentes nestes programas e o detalhamento sobre a inserção profissional dos egressos após atuarem nas RMS.
Indonesian local fetal-weight standard: a better predictive ability for low Apgar score of SGA neonates
Authors: Fattah Adly N.A. , Pratiwi Karina N. , Susilo Sulaeman A. , Berguna Jimmy S.N. , Irwinda Rima , Wibowo Noroyono , Santoso Budi I. , Zhang Jun
Published: January 2017

Background: Accurate assessment of fetal growth is one of crucial components of antenatal care. A generic reference for fetal-weight and birthweight percentiles that can be easily adapted to local populations have been developed by Mikolajczyk and colleagues. This study aimed to validate our own local percentile standard by evaluating the odds ratio (OR) of low 1st and 5th minute Apgar score for small-for-gestational age (SGA) versus those not SGA.Methods: We used the generic reference tools for fetal-weight and birthweight percentiles developed by Mikolajczyk and colleagues to create our own local standard and then defined the SGA neonates. For validation, we used the database of singleton live deliveries (2,139 birth) during January 1st to December 31st 2013 in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. We compared our reference with that of Hadlock and colleagues. For every reference, the OR of Apgar score <7 at 1st and 5th minutes for infants who were SGA versus those not estimated with bivariate and multivariate analyses.Results: SGA found in 35% (748/2,139) and 13% (278/2,139) of neonates using the definition derived from Indonesian standard and Hadlock’s. OR of Apgar score <7 at 1st and 5th minutes were 3.45 (95% CI=2.56–4.65) and 3.05 (95% CI=1.92–4.83) for the Indonesian local fetal-weight standard compared with respectively 2.14 (95% CI=1.65–2.76) and 1.83 (95% CI=1.21–2.77) for Hadlock and collegues’ reference.Conclusion: Indonesian local fetal-weight standard has a better ability to predict low 1st and 5th minutes Apgar scores of SGA neonates than has the Hadlock and collegues’ reference.
Stable archaeal tetraether lipid liposomes for photodynamic application: transfer of carboxyfluorescein to cultured T84 tumor cells
Authors: Oertl Anton , Antonopoulos Emmanouil , Freisleben Seruni U. , Freisleben Hans-Joachim
Published: January 2017

Background: Archaeal membranes have phytanyl ether lipids instead of common fatty acid-glycerol esters in bacterial and eukaryotic cells. Sulfolobus and Thermoplasma species have unique membrane-spanning tetraether lipids (TEL), which form stable liposomes. Recently, we cultured Thermoplasma species from the Indonesian volcano Tangkuban Perahu and isolated TEL. The purpose of this in vitro study is to investigate the transfer of fluorescent dye from stable TEL liposomes to cultured colon carcinoma cells.Methods: TEL was extracted from cultured cells with chloroform-methanol (1:1), then it was fractionated and purified via diethylaminoethyl-cellulose-acetate columns and activated charcoal for the formation of stable liposomes. For the fluorescence exchange assay, TEL liposomes were loaded with water-soluble carboxyfluorescein (CF). Staining experiments were conducted with various cell cultures, and T84 colon carcinoma cells were chosen for the main experiments. Liposome stability was tested by light scattering and electron microscopic size determinations as well as by unspecific CF release at low pH (6.0–7.4) and increased temperature  (4–50°C/70°C).Results: TEL liposomes exhibit high stability and extremely low proton permeability at low pH. CF staining of cultured T84 colon carcinoma cells appeares more intensive from TEL liposomes than from dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine liposomes.Conclusion: The results of this in vitro study demonstrate CF staining of colon carcinoma cells and high stability of TEL liposomes at low pH, matching the condition in the gastro-intestinal (GI) route and in the urogentital (UG) tract. For this reason, in vivo studies on liposomal fluorescent photosensitizers for topical application of photodynamic cancer therapy in the GI and UG tracts should be carried out.
Medical Journal of Indonesia, under managerial transition
Authors: Nafrialdi Nafrialdi
Published: January 2017

[no abstract available]
«Justa fue mi perdición»: The Context, Authorship and Abiding Popularity of a Courtly Canción
Authors: Boase Roger
Published: January 2017

I explore the historical context of «Justa fue mi perdición» (ID 1955), a canción attributed to Jorge Manrique. I discuss the problem of authorship and its genesis from a mote by Frei João Manuel, Bishop of Guarda, addressed to his mistress Justa Rodrigues Pereira, and I attempt to explain why it became so popular in Spain during the sixteenth century
Soggettività ed emotività nella poesia realistica medievale: dai trovatori al Duecento italiano
Authors: Marcenaro Simone
Published: January 2017

Lo studio della soggettività e dell’emotività nella lirica romanza è stato effettuato negli ultimi anni con profitto nel campo della lirica d’amore, mentre nel campo che qui si definisce «poesia realistica», cioè quella che parla di tutto ciò che non rientra nell’ambito dei rapporti amorosi, è ancora sostanzialmente da indagare. Il contributo si sofferma sulla tradizione provenzale e italiana e cerca di approfondire il rapporto che unisce la soggettività del poeta a temi e motivi relativi alla descrizione della realtà nella sua multiformità, dove al posto del lessico amoroso entrano in scena una serie di campi semantici nuovi, da un lato, mentre, dall’altro, gli stessi usi lessicali della canso tradizionale vengono reimpiegati e rifunzionalizzati nella poesia realistica.
Cartapacio de Pedro de Penagos (Real Biblioteca de Madrid, II-1581), ed. José J. Labrador Herraiz y Ralph A. DiFranco, con prólogo de Antonio Carreira y estudio de Abraham Madroñal, Moalde, Editorial Cancioneros Castellanos, 2015, 394 págs.
Authors: Perea Rodríguez Óscar
Published: January 2017

Reseña del libro: Cartapacio de Pedro de Penagos (Real Biblioteca de Madrid, II-1581), ed. José J. Labrador Herraiz y Ralph A. DiFranco, con prólogo de Antonio Carreira y estudio de Abraham Madroñal, Moalde, Editorial Cancioneros Castellanos, 2015, 394 págs.
Electronic Health Record's Effects on the Outpatient Office Visit and Clinical Education
Authors: Sandoval Marie B , Palumbo Mary Val , Hart Vicki
Published: January 2017

Background: During an office visit, the provider has the important cognitive task of attending to the patient while actively using the electronic health record (EHR).  Prior literature suggests that EHR may have a positive effect on simple tasks, but a negative effect on tasks that require complex cognitive processes.  No study has examined the provider’s perception of EHR on multiple distinct aspects of the office visit.Methods: We surveyed providers/preceptors regarding their perception of EHR on multiple aspects of the office visit.  We summarized their EHR utilization history and their perceptions of the EHR during the visit using descriptive statistics.  We tested for associations between time spent using the EHR and distinct aspects of the visit using Chi-square tests of association.Results: In total, 83 providers/preceptors reported use of EHR (response rate 52%). Provider/preceptors reported an overall negative effect of EHR on the patient-provider connection, but an overall positive effect on the review of medications/medical records, communication between providers, review of results with patients and review of follow-up to testing results with patients. The effect of EHR on history taking and teaching students was neutral.  We observed no correlation between the provider’s time spent using the EHR and their perception of its effectiveness.Conclusions:  Providers reported a positive perception of EHR on aspects of the office visit that involved a single cognitive task.  However, providers reported a negative perception of EHR on patient-provider connection, which involves a high degree of cognitive processing.
Defining Health Information Exchange: Scoping Review of Published Definitions
Authors: Akhlaq Ather , Sheikh Aziz , Pagliari Claudia
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveThe term Health Information Exchange (HIE) is often used in health informatics, yet uncertainties remain about its precise meaning. This study aimed to capture and analyse existing definitions in order to map variations in its use and the concepts associated with it.MethodsSystematic literature search to identify published definitions of HIE and equivalent terms such as Clinical Information Exchange. Medline, Web of Science, Library Information Science and Technology Abstracts, EMBASE and CINAHL Plus were searched to identify relevant research, and Google to identify grey literature. Searches were not limited by language or date of publication. In order to warrant inclusion documents had to either define the concept explicitly or do so via a concrete description.  Included references were tabulated by author affiliation, source of quote, year of publication, country of origin and definitions and the definitions themselves were analysed thematically.ResultsSearches revealed 603 scientific articles and 5981 website links. From these, a total of 268 unique definitions of HIE were identified and extracted: 103 from scientific databases and 165 from Google. Eleven constructs emerged from the thematic analysis. Contextual factors influenced the emphasis of the definitions and the framing of HIE as a concept/process, a set of enabling technologies, or an entity/organisation.ConclusionsHIE is a complex and evolving concept and uses of the term vary across settings, presenting challenges for communication.  Developing a generic term is difficult, given the importance of context, but the authors suggest one covering key attributes of HIE, which may be helpful.
Health Information Exchange as a Complex and Adaptive Construct: Scoping Review
Authors: Akhlaq Ather , Sheikh Aziz , Pagliari Claudia
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveTo understand how the concept of Health Information Exchange (HIE) has evolved over time.Methods                                                           Supplementary analysis of data from a systematic scoping review of definitions of HIE from 1900 to 2014, involving temporal analysis of underpinning themes.ResultsThe search identified 268 unique definitions of HIE dating from 1957 onwards; 103 in scientific databases and 165 in Google. These contained consistent themes, representing the core concept of exchanging health information electronically, as well as fluid themes, reflecting the evolving policy, business, organisational and technological context of HIE (including the emergence of HIE as an organisational ‘entity’). These are summarised graphically to show how the concept has evolved around the world with the passage of time.  The term HIE emerged in 1957 with the establishment of Occupational HIE, evolving through the 1990s with concepts such as electronic data interchange and mobile computing technology; then from 2006-10 largely aligning with the US Government’s health information technology strategy and the creation of HIEs as organisational entities, alongside the broader interoperability imperative, and continuing to evolve today as part of a broader international agenda for sustainable, information-driven health systems.ConclusionsThe concept of HIE is an evolving and adaptive one, reflecting the ongoing quest for integrated and interoperable information to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of health systems, in a changing technological and policy environment.
Perceptions, Tensions and Expectations of Programmes for Academic and Professional Development
Authors: Leigh Jennifer S
Published: January 2017

Academic and professional development is widely regarded as important for academics. The experience of it is explored in this paper through phenomenological interviews with academic developers and participants on one programme in a UK Higher Education Institution. The importance of a credible, holistic approach to academic and professional development is evident, with participants and staff stressing the role of these programmes in not only facilitating a route into the academy for aspiring, early career and ‘practice academics’, but also as stimulus for an interest in higher education as a legitimate discipline for research. It is concluded that an approach to the development of academics that incorporates all aspects of academic practice rather than focusing in on teaching and learning could benefit both the individuals and the students who they teach.
The Academies Project: Widening Access and Smoothing Transitions for Secondary School Pupils to University, College and Employment
Authors: Farhat Grace , Bingham Jennifer , Caulfield Julie , Grieve Sandra
Published: January 2017

Previous research indicates that university students are not bridging the gap between school and university quickly or effectively enough. Therefore, there is a need to build a level of independence and foster a sense of empowerment prior to entering university, and create a supportive climate for successful learner development. Clear information and support on transition from school to employment could also be improved. Furthermore, there is a challenge for widening access and allowing people from different backgrounds to go into further/higher education. This paper will present the South East Scotland Academies Partnership (SESAP) as a successful model of a collaborative and pedagogical approach to the university pre-entry support stage and to employment. Academies students are S5 and S6 school pupils who attend classes at college and university while still at school. The Academies aim to widen access of young people residing in South East Scotland into Further and Higher education. They focus on preparing students for Higher Education while easing the transition between school and university, developing independent learning skills and building confidence. The project aspires to integrate students successfully into the academic and social aspects of university life; helps them gain a sense of belonging to a group and allows them to make a more informed choice about their selected course and institution. Academies also endeavour to provide students with the opportunity to experience work at their industry of choice and to present them with options and clear information to smooth the transition to employment. Results from a survey distributed to students showed that the Academies have been beneficial in developing their communication and independent learning skills, as well as their confidence. The latter aspects are considered important in enhancing transition.
From ‘Good Teaching’ to ‘Better Teaching’: One Academic’s Journey to Online Teaching
Authors: Bentley Brendan Paul , Kehrwald Benjamin A
Published: January 2017

For many educators, the adoption of learning technologies as part of a ‘technology-enhanced’ approach to learning and teaching implies change. Technology takes on a disruptive role. Therefore, it is important to understand the pedagogical commitments associated with current practices in order to better understand any change implied by the use of particular technology ‘enhancements’. This article reports on a case study of the change experienced by one tertiary educator in the shift from successful on campus to flexible online teaching in an undergraduate Numeracy course. The study addresses the question: How do teaching academics translate a robust, proven on-campus course into a successful, flexibly delivered technology-enhanced course? The case employs an autoethnographic approach to recording and analysing the educator’s experiences to highlight comparisons between on-campus (face-to-face) and online teaching practices. The findings support the conclusion that ‘good teaching is good teaching’, based on sound pedagogical principles, regardless of the mode of delivery, but that the enactment of those principles in face-to-face and online learning environments differs in significant ways.
Pharmacokinetics, tissue residues of tilmicosin phosphate (tilmicor-alÂ®) and its in vitro and in vivo evaluation for the control of Mycoplas-ma gallisepticum infection in broiler chickens
Authors: Elbadawy Mohamed , Aboubakr Mohamed
Published: January 2017

The aim of present study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of tilmicosin phosphate (tilmicoralÂ®) as well as its in vitro and in vivo evaluation for control of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection in broiler chickens. Pharmacokinetics (single oral dose) and tissues residues (daily for five days) of tilmicosin (25 mg/kg b.wt) in broilers were investigated. Peak plasma concentration of tilmicosin was 1.25Â±0.0.09 Î¼g/mL and achieved at 3.15Â±0.34 h. Elimination half-life was long (44.3Â±7.22 h) and Vdarea was large (1.25Â±0.082 L/kg). Residue study revealed a good distribution and penetration of tilmicosine in lung, liver, kidney and muscles. Tilmicosin could not be detected in all tested tissues (except in lung) at 6 days after last administration. The MIC of tilmicosin and tylosin against MG were 0.054 and 0.319 Î¼g/mL, respectively. MG infected chickens and treated by tilmicosin or tylosin showed a significant (p<0.05) improvement in mean body weights gain and a significant (p<0.05) decline in mean clinical signs score, air sac lesion score and mortality rate, however tilmicosin was a superior drug. In conclusion, timicoralÂ® was a very effective medication for controlling MG infection in broiler chickens due to its rapid absorption, long elimination half-life, rapid and extensive penetration from blood into tissues especially lungs and air sacs. Additionally, tilmicoralÂ® had a short withdrawal time. Moreover, its superior efficacy (in vitro and in vivo) against MG.
Halaman Sampul
Authors: Editor Editor
Published: January 2017

Cover,Dewan Redaksi,Daftar Isi
Cover and Table of Contents for Volume 68: Special Issue on Rutgers' 250th Anniversary Part Two
Authors: Sewell Robert G.
Published: January 2017

The cover image is a New York dollar, 1780, co-signed by Henry Rutgers. Source: R-Memorabilia (53/DO/132)
Benevolent Patriot: The Life and Times of Henry Rutgers—Part Two: "I Have Bestowed My Mite": The Revolutionary War Years
Authors: Fowler David J.
Published: January 2017

After participating in three early battles in the Revolutionary War, Henry Rutgers served during the rest of the conflict in an administrative capacity as a muster master and recruiter. Like many officers and soldiers, toward the end of the war he became disenchanted with the politics of the army and of Congress. During these years he also suffered the loss of several family members and friends. In occupied New York City, meanwhile, the British inflicted considerable damage on the Rutgers Farm.
The Early Years of Livingston College, 1964–1973: Revisiting The “College of Good Intentions”
Authors: Clemens Paul G. E. , Yanni Carla
Published: January 2017

Livingston College was planned in the late 1960s and opened in fall 1969 as part of Rutgers University-New Brunswick/Piscataway.  Ernest Lynton, its first dean and chief architect, envisioned a college that emphasized interdisciplinary studies, that had a faculty and student body who would carry what was learned in the classroom into the community, that would empower students to shape the college and their own education, and that would recruit significant numbers of new students from historically disadvantaged minority groups.  This "college of good intentions" fell short of Lynton's hopes.  This article examines why this happened, but also seeks to illustrate the many ways the hopes for educational reform embodied in the college's design foreshadowed what many universities, including Rutgers, would accomplish in the future.
Yield and its attributes responses of drought tolerant upland ‘NERICA’ rice to different nutrient supplying treatments in rainforest transitory agroecology
Authors: Sakariyawo Olalekan Suleiman , ATAYESE Mufutau , OKELEYE Kehinde , BABALOLA Abimbola , ADEGOKE Idowu , DARE Michael , SOREMI Paul , ADIGBO Sunday
Published: January 2017

A screen house trial was conducted to evaluate reproductive growth responses of drought tolerant upland rice cultivars (NERICAs 1-4, WAB 56-104 and Moroberekan) to arbuscular mycorrhizal (AMF) inoculation under water deficit. A field trial was organized in randomized complete block test with three replicates, conducted in the late cropping season of 2012. We evaluated upland rice cultivars to different nutrient sources (AMF, AMF + 60 kg N ha-1 + 30 kg K ha-1, 60 kg N ha-1+ 30 kg K ha-1 and control). In the screen house inoculated rice had higher (P < 0.05) grain yield plant-1 (19.29 g plant-1) and its attributes than non-inoculated, except number of grain per panicle (108). On the field combination of AMF + 60 kg N ha-1 + 30 kg K ha-1 produced higher (P < 0.05) reproductive growth. Varietal variability (P < 0.05) was observed on AM colonisation and reproductive growth in both trials, with ‘NERICA 2’was the most promising cultivar under tested agroecology condition.
Response of lowland rice-ratooned rice-fluted pumpkin sequence to fertilizer in rainfed inland valley in derived savannah of Nigeria
Authors: Adigbo Sunday Ojo , Odedina Joy N , Afolabi Clement G , Osipitan Adebola A , Agbonlahor M , Fabunmi T O , Adejuyigbe C O , Atanda F G , Nweke-Okoh M L
Published: January 2017

Trial was carried out at Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria between 2010 and 2012 to determine response of lowland rice-ratooned rice-fluted pumpkin sequence to fertilizer. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design arranged in split-split plot in three replicates. Three rice genotypes constituted the main treatments sown in May and harvested in August. Split fertilizers application constituted sub-plot treatments were 90:45:45 (single dose), 45:22.5:22.5 & 45:22.5:22.5 (1:1), 30:15:15 & 60:30:30 (1:2) and 60:30:30 & 30:15:15 (2:1) NPK ha-1 at tillering and heading. N-fertilizer rates were  sub-sub plot treatment and applied to ratooned ‘NERICA L-42’ had the tallest plants compare to others. ‘Ofada’ had the lowest number of days to 50 % flowering for main and ratooned rice, while ‘NERICA L-42’ had the highest number of days to 50 % heading. ‘NERICA L-41’ variety had the highest grain yield in main and ratooned rice. Based on this study, ‘NERICA L-41’ plus its ratooned rice obtained from single dose NPK and zero N-fertilizer plots produced grain yield of 4.69 t ha-1.
Fungal pathogens associated with crown and collar rot of apple trees in southern Syria
Authors: Naffaa Walid Ghazi , Rashid Abeer
Published: January 2017

Crown and collar rot of apple trees is a destructive and widespread disease in most areas of the world. Surveys have been done to describe disease symptoms, estimate the disease incidence, and identify the pathogens associated with this disease in southern Syria. Disease incidence was 0.08 – 10 % in most studied sites, only in Alroom location it was up to 14.7 % in 2014 and 17.8 % in 2015, with average of 11.8 %. Symptoms included small pale green leaves, sparse foliage, and a reddish-brown discoloration of inner bark of the infected area at the base of infected tree. The isolated fungi belonged to genera and form genera Phytophthora, Rosellinia, Rhizoctonia, Phialophora, Acremonium, Pestalotiopsis, Cylindrocarpon and Verticillium. Phytophthora was isolated from all infected trees, and was the most frequent pathogen (53.7 % of total isolates). Phytophthora isolates recovered from crown cankers of apple were identified as P. cactorum (91.5 %) and P. cambivora (8.5 %). The results of this study are the first report of crown and collar root rot of apple in Syria.
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SPOTTED WING DROSOPHILA (Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931)) PUPAE TO ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI
Authors: Razinger Jaka , FINK Katja , KERIN Ana , MODIC Špela , UREK Gregor
Published: January 2017

Spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931), Diptera, Drosophilidae) management is difficult mainly because of its short generation time, polyphagy and serrated ovipositor, but also because its larvae can pupate in the orchard soil and are thus protected from insecticide applications. We hypothesized that insect-pathogenic soil fungi could successfully infect Drosophila suzukii pupae in soil environment. We tested several entomopathogenic or soil fungi against pupae in a) conidia-spiked soil, b) via direct applications of conidia, and c) by dipping pupae into conidial suspensions. Metarhizium brunneum Petch strain H.J.S. 1154 significantly reduced fly emergence in conidia spiked soil and bioinsecticide Naturalis (based on entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. in direct exposure tests. Our attempt to determine IC50 of pupal hatching rate by dipping D. suzukii pupae into conidial suspensions was unsuccessful. We conclude that the pupal stage is probably too brief to allow entomopathogens to cause a significant reduction of fly emergence. According to our results and published articles, the fungal biocontrol potential would probably best be evaluated in spray applications against adult flies.
A review of plant protection against the olive fly (Bactrocera oleae (Rossi, 1790) Gmelin) and molecular methods to monitor the insecticide resistance alleles
Authors: Hladnik Matjaž
Published: January 2017

Olive fly (Bactrocera oleae (Rossi, 1790) Gmelin) is one of the most important olive pests worldwide. Most plant protection measures are based on insecticides, especially organophosphates, pyrethroids, and recently a spinosad. Insecticides are used as cover sprays or in more environmentally friendly methods in which insecticides are used in combination with attractants and pheromones as bait sprays or for mass trapping. However, due to negative impacts of insecticides to environment, new plant protection methods are constantly developing with the aim to lower the consumption of insecticides or even to eliminate them by biological control with entomopathogenic organisms, sterile insect technique (SIT), or transgenic method RIDL (release of insects carrying a dominant lethal). However, these methods need to be improved in order to guarantee adequate protection. Alternative methods than those traditionally used are required due to long term usage causing the development of resistance to the insecticides, ultimately lowering their effectiveness. Molecular methods for monitoring the frequencies of resistant alleles and the current status of resistance alleles in olive growing countries are reviewed here.
Guanyin and Dizang: The Creation of a Chinese Buddhist Pantheon
Authors: Yü Chün-fang , Chongxin Yao
Published: January 2017

Although Buddhist art and Buddhist scripture have a close relationship, the Buddhist pantheon is not always based on scriptures. The authors came to this realization through their separate researches. Both Yu and Yao were impressed by the pairing of Guanyin and Dizang among the cliff sculptures in Sichuan. The two bodhisattvas often share the same niche or their individual niches are placed side by side. Moreover, although the pair is most often presented alone, we also find interesting new triads of Amitābha, Medicine Buddha, the historical Buddha or Maitreya attended by the pair. Both the paired worship of Guanyin and Dizang and the new triads cannot be attributed to any scriptural sources. This article provides some examples of this artistic innovation and offers some hypotheses for its creation.
Postmodernism as a Nationalist Conservatism? The Case of Zhang Yiwu
Authors: Strafella Giorgio
Published: January 2017

The adoption of postmodernist and postcolonial theories by China’s intellectuals dates back to the early 1990s and its history is intertwined with that of two contemporaneous trends in the intellectual sphere, i. e. the rise of conservatism and an effort to re-define the function of the Humanities in the country. This article examines how these trends merge in the political stance of a key figure in that process, Peking University literary scholar Zhang Yiwu, through a critical discourse analysis of his writings from the early and mid-1990s. Pointing at his strategic use of postmodernist discourse, it argues that Zhang Yiwu employed a legitimate critique of the concept of modernity and West-centrism to advocate a historical narrative and a definition of cultural criticism that combine Sino-centrism and depoliticisation. The article examines programmatic articles in which the scholar articulated a theory of the end of China’s “modernity”. It also takes into consideration other parallel interventions that shed light on Zhang Yiwu’s political stance towards modern China, globalisation and post-1992 economic reforms, including a discussion between Zhang Yiwu and some of his most prominent detractors. The article finally reflects on the implications of Zhang Yiwu’s writings for the field of Chinese Studies, in particular on the need to look critically and contextually at the adoption of “foreign” theoretical discourse for national political agendas.
Marriage Migration and State Interests: Reflections from the Experiences of Marriage Migrants from the People’s Republic of China in Taiwan
Authors: Momesso Lara
Published: January 2017

This paper, by building on the empirical case of marriage migration across the Taiwan Strait, problematises the consequences, on migrants’ lives, of state-to-state relations, especially when sending and receiving states hold antagonistic nationalistic interests. This paper aims to contribute to the empirical literature on marriage migration, particularly in the East Asian context, by adding the dimension of state to state relations in shaping contemporary movements for family formation. Furthermore, this paper contributes to the broader debate on transnational migration studies by arguing that the power of the nation-state over contemporary migration flows is not fixed and immutable, but it is rather a dynamic force that changes depending on broader factors related not only to global restructuring but also to the relations between sending and receiving state. Ultimately, migrants may have a degree of agency in responding to sending and receiving country’s nationalistic agendas.