bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A flexible, stretchable and wearable strain sensor based on physical eutectogels for deep learning-assisted motion identification
Authors: Liu Dandan , Wang Shiyu , Wang Hui , Zhang Zhenyu , Wang Haibo
Published: May 2024

A stretchable lignin-reinforced physical eutectogel was constructed and used as a wearable strain sensor, which displays promising potential in human motion detection and gesture recognition by combing with deep-learning techniques.
Wide bandgap copolymers with asymmetric side chains for efficient organic solar cells
Authors: Tao Zicheng , Li Yi , Shen Wenxiong , Fu Huiting , Ma Yunlong , Zheng Qingdong
Published: May 2024

The wide bandgap copolymer with asymmetric side chains shows enhanced photovoltaic performance compared to that with symmetric side chains.
Ambipolar charge-trapping in self-assembled nanostructures of a supramolecular miktoarm star-shaped copolymer with a zinc phthalocyanine core
Authors: Zhong Xinhao , Panigrahi Debdatta , Hayakawa Ryoma , Wakayama Yutaka , Harano Koji , Takeuchi Masayuki , Aimi Junko
Published: May 2024

Supramolecular miktoarm star-shaped copolymers with a zinc phthalocyanine core exhibit phase-separated nanostructures that enhance ambipolar charge-trapping capabilities in the organic field-effect transistor memory devices.
Amorphization of fused perylene diimide dimers for high-efficiency potassium-organic batteries
Authors: Cheng Mengyuan , Liu Hang , Tian Zhuocheng , Luo Xiaoqi , Wu Di , Yan Kui , Wang Dongxue
Published: May 2024

A simple but efficient method to achieve stable and amorphous small-molecular carbonyls (PTCDI2) with superior rate capability and enhanced longevity of potassium-ion batteries is demonstrated.
Comparative study of a high‐speed permanent magnet motor when powered by different methods
Authors: Qi Zhenning , Zhang Yue
Published: May 2024

The authors present the multi‐physical field performances comparative research for a 30 kW, 30,000 r/min high‐speed permanent magnet motor (HSPMM) when the motor is powered by the sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) voltage inverter and sinusoidal voltage source, respectively. Firstly, electromagnetic performances including torque, voltage and current of the HSPMM with different driving methods are compared and analysed by the finite element method (FEM). Considering the effects of high operation frequency, power losses of the HSPMM with different driving methods under full‐load conditions are calculated and compared with the skin effect and the proximity effect considered for HSPMM winding copper loss estimation. Based on the above analysis, a prototype driven by the SPWM voltage inverter is manufactured, with its electromagnetic and thermal performances tested and verified. In addition, several influencing factors of the HSPMM rotor eddy current loss are studied, with their effects on the HSPMM under different driving methods further analysed and compared as well. A novel equivalent power supply method is proposed to effectively save the calculation time with a negligible error. Finally, in order to further improve the heat dissipation capacity of the HSPMM, a novel cooling method is intensively studied with its influencing factors further analysed. The cooling effect of the novel cooling method and the temperature of the motor components are verified and calculated by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method.
Transport parameters from AMS-02 F/Si data and fluorine source abundance
Authors: Ferronato Bueno E. , Derome L. , Génolini Y. , Maurin D. , Tatischeff V. , Vecchi M.
Published: May 2024

Context. The AMS-02 collaboration recently released cosmic ray F/Si data with an unprecedented accuracy. Cosmic ray fluorine is predominantly produced by fragmentation of heavier progenitors, while silicon is mostly accelerated at source. This ratio is thus maximally sensitive to cosmic ray propagation.

Aims. We study the compatibility of the transport parameters derived from the F/Si ratio with those obtained from the lighter Li/C, Be/C, and B/C ratios. We also inspect the cosmic ray source abundance of F, which is one of the few elements that has a high first ionisation potential but is only moderately volatile and is a potentially key element to study the acceleration mechanism of cosmic rays.

Methods. We used the 1D diffusion model implemented in the USINE code and performed χ2 analyses accounting for several systematic effects (energy correlations in data, nuclear cross sections, and solar modulation uncertainties). We also took advantage of the EXFOR nuclear database to update the F production cross sections for its most important progenitors (identified to be 56Fe, 32S, 28Si, 27Al, 24Mg, 22Ne, and 20Ne).

Results. The transport parameters obtained from AMS-02 F/Si data are compatible with those obtained from AMS-02 (Li,Be,B)/C data. The combined fit of all of these ratios leads to a χmin2/d.o.f. ≈ 1.1, with ≲10% adjustments of the B and F production cross sections (which are based on very few nuclear data points and would strongly benefit from new measurements). The F/Si ratio is compatible with a pure secondary origin of F, with a best-fit relative source abundance (19F/28Si)CRS ∼ 10−3 and an upper limit of ∼5 × 10−3. Unfortunately, this limit is not sufficient to test global acceleration models of cosmic ray nuclei, for which values at the level of ∼10−4 are required. Such levels could be attained with F/Si data with a few percent of accuracy at a few tens of TV, which is possibly within reach for the next generation of cosmic ray experiments.
Ray-traced spectra of a hot neutron star for various metallicities
Authors: Bełdycki B. , Różańska A. , Palit B. , Madej J. , Majczyna A. , Vincent F. H. , Bejger M.
Published: May 2024

Context. General relativity strongly affects the observed spectra of compact objects. New models of hot nonrotating neutron star (NS) atmospheres are presented for various chemical compositions. We demonstrate the influence of strong gravity on the value of the hardening factor measured by a distant observer.

Aims. We prepare new XSPEC fitting packages based on our extended numerical models for hot NS atmospheres in order to use them for a spectral analysis in the X-ray domain. For the Schwarzschild metric, ray-tracing calculations were performed to determine the observational appearance of the continuum emission of an NS.

Methods. The grid of intensity spectra emerging from the NS surface was computed with the code ATM24, which solves the model atmosphere equations with an accurate treatment of the Compton scattering of photons on free electrons in fully relativistic thermal motion. For the single value of the surface gravity, log(g) = 14.34 (cgs), the emerging specific intensity spectra were then ray-traced from the surface to the distant observer with the code GYOTO across the spacetime of a nonrotating NS obtained using the LORENE library. The color-correction factors were determined for a large grid of models of different chemical compositions for surface gravities from the critical gravity log gcrit up to 15.00 (cgs), and for effective temperatures in the range of 107 ≤ Teff ≤ 3 × 107 K.

Results. Comptonized spectra seen at the source rest frame display hardening factors in the range from 1.4 up to 2.0 in the case of a highly luminous metal-rich atmosphere. The ratio of the color temperature Tc to the effective temperature Teff for ray-traced spectra is in the range 0.9 − 1.4.

Conclusions. In the strong gravity regime, the structure of a hot atmosphere strongly depends on the surface gravity, luminosity, and atmospheric metal abundance of the NS. The theoretical hardening factors of the ray-traced spectra are systematically lower then the hardening factors of spectra at the source by about 30% on average.
The Galactic bulge exploration
Authors: Prudil Z. , Smolec R. , Kunder A. , Koch-Hansen A. J , Dékány I.
Published: May 2024

We present a new set of tools to derive systemic velocities for single-mode RR Lyrae stars from visual and near-infrared spectra. We derived scaling relations and line-of-sight velocity templates using both APOGEE and Gaia spectroscopic products combined with photometric G-band amplitudes. We provide a means to estimate systemic velocities for the RR Lyrae subclasses, RRab and RRc. Our analysis indicates that the scaling relation between the photometric and line-of-sight velocity amplitudes is nonlinear, with a break in a linear relation occurring around ≈0.4 mag in both the V-band and G-band amplitudes. We did not observe such a break in the relation for the first-overtone pulsators. Using stellar pulsation models, we further confirm and examine the nonlinearity in scaling relation for the RRab subclass. We observed little to no variation with stellar parameters (mass, metallicity, and luminosity) in the scaling relation between the photometric and line-of-sight velocity amplitudes for fundamental-mode pulsators. We observed an offset in the scaling relation between the observations and stellar pulsation models, mainly in the low-amplitude RR Lyrae regime. This offset disappears when different sets of convective parameters are used. Thus, the Fourier amplitudes obtained from the photometry and line-of-sight velocity measurements can be utilized to constrain convective parameters of stellar pulsation models. The scaling relations and templates for APOGEE and Gaia data accurately predict systemic velocities compared to literature values. In addition, our tools derived from the Gaia spectra improve the precision of the derived systemic velocities by approximately 50 percent and provide a better description of the uncertainty distribution in comparison with previous studies. Our newly derived tools will be used for RR Lyrae variables observed toward the Galactic bulge.
Chemically peculiar stars on the pre-main sequence
Authors: Kueß L. , Paunzen E. , Faltová N. , Jadlovský D. , Labaj M. , Mesarč M. , Mondal P. , Prišegen M. , Ramezani T. , Supíková J. , Svačinková K. , Vítková M. , Xia C. , Bernhard K. , Hümmerich S.
Published: May 2024

Context. The chemically peculiar (CP) stars of the upper main sequence are defined by spectral peculiarities that indicate unusual elemental abundance patterns in the presence of diffusion in the calm, stellar atmospheres. Some of them have a stable local magnetic field of up to several kiloGauss. The pre-main-sequence evolution of these objects is still a mystery and contains many open questions.

Aims. We identify CP stars on the pre-main sequence to determine possible mechanisms that lead to the occurrence of chemical peculiarities in the (very) early stages of stellar evolution.

Methods. We identified likely pre-main-sequence stars by fitting the spectral energy distributions. The subsequent analysis using stellar spectra and photometric time series helped us to distinguish between CP and non-CP stars. Additionally, we compared our results to the literature to provide the best possible quality assessment.

Results. Out of 45 candidates, about 70% seem to be true CP stars or CP candidates. Furthermore, 9 sources appear to be CP stars on the pre-main sequence, and all are magnetic. We finally report a possible CP2 star that is also a pre-main-sequence star and was not previously in the literature.

Conclusions. The evolution of the peculiarities seems to be related to the (strong) magnetic fields in these CP2 stars.
How the presence of a giant planet affects the outcome of terrestrial planet formation simulations
Authors: Kong Zhihui , Johansen Anders , Lambrechts Michiel , Jiang Jonathan H. , Zhu Zong-Hong
Published: May 2024

The architecture and masses of planetary systems in the habitable zone could be strongly influenced by the presence of outer giant planets. Here, we investigate the impact of outer giants on terrestrial planet formation, under the assumption that the final assembly of the planetary system is set by a giant impact phase. Utilizing a state-of-the-art N-body simulation software, GENGA, we interpret how the late stage of terrestrial planet formation contributes to diversity among planetary systems. We designed two global model setups: 1) we placed a gas giant on the outer side of planetesimals and embryo disk and 2) we only included planetesimals and embryos, but no giant. For the model including the outer giant, we studied the effect of different giant initial masses in the range of 1.0–3.0 Jupiter masses, as well as a range of orbital radii from 2.0–5.8 AU. We also studied the influence of different initial positions of planetesimals and embryos on the results. Our N-body simulation time is approximately 50 Myr. The results show that the existence of an outer giant will promote the interaction between planetesimals and embryos, making the orbits of the formed terrestrial planets more compact. However, placing the giant planet too close to the planetesimals and embryo disk suppresses the formation of massive rocky planets. In addition, under the classical theory, where planetary embryos and planetesimals collide to form terrestrial planets, our results show that the presence of a giant planet actually decreases the gap complexity of the inner planetary system.
A high-resolution radio morphology and polarization of the kiloparsec-scale X-ray jet of PKS 1127−145
Authors: Orienti M. , Siemiginowska A. , D’Ammando F. , Migliori G.
Published: May 2024

We report on new multifrequency Very Large Array (VLA) radio observations and Chandra X-ray observations of a radio-loud quasar with a ∼300 kpc-long jet, PKS 1127−145, during a flaring event detected in γ-rays by the Fermi Large Area Telescope in December 2020. The high angular resolution of the new radio images allows us to disentangle for the first time the kiloparsec-scale inner jet from the core contribution. The inner radio jet, up to 15 kpc from the core, is highly polarized (33 percent) and the magnetic field is parallel to the jet axis. At about 18 arcsecs from the core, the jet slightly bends and we observe a re-brightening of the radio emission and a 90-degree rotation of the magnetic field, likely highlighting the presence of a shock that is compressing the magnetic field to a plane perpendicular to the jet axis, where efficient particle acceleration takes place. At the same position, the X-ray emission fades, suggesting a deceleration of the bulk velocity of the jet after the bend. A change in velocity and collimation of the jet is supported by the widening of the jet profile and the detection of a limb-brightened structure connecting the bending region with the jet termination. The limb-brightened structure might indicate the coexistence of both longitudinal and transverse velocity gradients at the jet bending. There is no evidence of significant brightening of the kiloparsec-scale jet in the radio or X-ray band during the γ-ray flare. The X-ray flux, F2 − 10 keV = (6.24 ± 0.57)×10−12 ergs s−1 cm−2, measured by Chandra from the quasar core is consistent with the flux measured by the X-ray Telescope on board the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory after the high-energy flare. Our results indicate that the γ-ray flaring region is located within the VLA source core.
A numerical code for the analysis of magnetic white-dwarf spectra that includes field effects on the chemical equilibrium
Authors: Vera-Rueda Matías , Rohrmann René D.
Published: May 2024

We present a new magnetic-atmosphere model code for obtaining synthetic spectral fluxes of hydrogen-rich magnetic white dwarfs. To date, observed spectra have been analyzed with models that neglect the magnetic field’s effects on the atomic populations. In this work, we incorporate state-of-art theory in the evaluation of numerical densities of atoms, free electrons, and ions in local thermodynamical equilibrium under the action of a magnetic field. The energy distribution of atoms is rigorously evaluated for arbitrary field strength. This energy pattern includes going from tightly bound states to metastable or truly bound, highly excited states embedded in the continuum, that is, over the first Landau level. Finite nuclear mass effects and the coupling between the internal atomic structure and the motion of the atom across the magnetic field are also considered. Synthetic fluxes are generated with integrations of numerical solutions of polarized radiative transfer over the visible stellar disk using a spherical t-design method. The atmosphere code is tested with observations from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey for a group of known magnetic white dwarfs. Physical stellar parameters are obtained from least-squares fits to the observed energy distribution and compared with results of previous works. We show that the use of zerofield ionization equilibrium in spectral analyses can lead to underestimated effective temperatures for highly magnetic white dwarfs.
The asymmetric bipolar [Fe II] jet and H2 outflow of TMC1A resolved with the JWST NIRSpec Integral Field Unit
Authors: Assani K. D. , Harsono D. , Ramsey J. P. , Li Z.-Y. , Bjerkeli P. , Pontoppidan K. M. , Tychoniec Ł. , Calcutt H. , Kristensen L. E. , Jørgensen J. K. , Plunkett A. , van Gelder M. L. , Francis L.
Published: May 2024

Context. Protostellar outflows exhibit large variations in their structure depending on the observed gas emission. To understand the origin of the observed variations, it is important to analyze the differences in the observed morphology and kinematics of the different tracers. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) allows us to study the physical structure of the protostellar outflow through well-known near-infrared shock tracers in a manner unrivaled by other existing ground-based and space-based telescopes at these wavelengths.

Aims. This study analyzes the atomic jet and molecular outflow in the Class I protostar, TMC1A, utilizing spatially resolved [Fe II] and H2 lines to characterize the morphology and to identify previously undetected spatial features, and compare them to existing observations of TMC1A and its outflows observed at other wavelengths.

Methods. We identified a large number of [Fe II] and H2 lines within the G140H, G235H, and G395H gratings of the NIRSpec IFU observations. We analyzed their morphology and position-velocity (PV) diagrams. From the observed [Fe II] line ratios, the extinction toward the jet is estimated.

Results. We detected the bipolar Fe jet by revealing, for the first time, the presence of a redshifted atomic jet. Similarly, the red-shifted component of the H2 slower wide-angle outflow was observed. The [Fe II] and H2 redhifted emission both exhibit significantly lower flux densities compared to their blueshifted counterparts. Additionally, we report the detection of a collimated high-velocity (~100 km s−1), blueshifted H2 outflow, suggesting the presence of a molecular jet in addition to the well-known wider angle low-velocity structure. The [Fe II] and H2 jets show multiple intensity peaks along the jet axis, which may be associated with ongoing or recent outburst events. In addition to the variation in their intensities, the H2 wide-angle outflow exhibits a ring-like structure. The blueshifted H2 outflow also shows a left-right brightness asymmetry likely due to interactions with the surrounding ambient medium and molecular outflows. Using the [Fe II] line ratios, the extinction along the atomic jet is estimated to be between AV = 10–30 on the blueshifted side, with a trend of decreasing extinction with distance from the protostar. A similar AV is found for the redshifted side, supporting the argument for an intrinsic red-blue outflow lobe asymmetry rather than environmental effects such as extinction. This intrinsic difference revealed by the unprecedented sensitivity of JWST, suggests that younger outflows already exhibit the red-blue side asymmetry more commonly observed toward jets associated with Class II disks.
Stochastic acceleration in extreme TeV BL Lacs through MCMC
Authors: Sciaccaluga A. , Tavecchio F. , Landoni M. , Costa A.
Published: May 2024

Context. Extreme TeV BL Lacs are a class of blazars with unique spectral and temporal features that are not easily reproducible using standard one-zone models based on single shock acceleration. To account for their peculiar properties, we elaborated a two-step acceleration model in which a recollimation shock and the subsequent downstream turbulence energize non-thermal electrons.

Aims. We applied the model to a sample of extreme TeV BL Lacs with well-characterized spectral energy distributions. Since we used several sources, we automatized the exploration of the parameter space. This allowed us to derive the parameter distributions and study the correlations among them.

Methods. We numerically solved a system of two coupled nonlinear differential equations to obtain the non-thermal particles and turbulence spectra. We calculated the spectral energy distribution via the synchrotron self-Compton emission model. The automatization of the parameter space exploration is possible through a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) ensemble sampler, in our case emcee.

Results. We derived well-defined posterior distributions for the parameters, showing that the model is well constrained by available data and demonstrating the suitability of our method. The cross-correlations among some of the physical parameters are not trivial. Therefore, we conclude that MCMC sampling is a key instrument for characterizing the complexity of our multiparameter phenomenological model.
The K2 Asteroseismic KEYSTONE sample of Dwarf and Subgiant Solar-Like Oscillators
Authors: Lund Mikkel N. , Basu Sarbani , Bieryla Allyson , Casagrande Luca , Huber Daniel , Hekker Saskia , Viani Lucas , Davies Guy R. , Campante Tiago L. , Chaplin William J. , Serenelli Aldo M. , Joel Ong J. M. , Ball Warrick H. , Stokholm Amalie , Bellinger Earl P. , Bazot Michaël , Stello Dennis , Latham David W. , White Timothy R. , Sayeed Maryum , Børsen-Koch Víctor Aguirre , Chontos Ashley
Published: May 2024

Aims. The KEYSTONE project aims to enhance our understanding of solar-like oscillators by delivering a catalogue of global asteroseismic parameters (Δv and vmax) for 173 stars, comprising mainly dwarfs and subgiants, observed by the K2 mission in its short-cadence mode during campaigns 6–19.

Methods. We derive atmospheric parameters and luminosities using spectroscopic data from TRES, astrometric data from Gaia, and the infrared flux method (IRFM) for a comprehensive stellar characterisation. Asteroseismic parameters are robustly extracted using three independent methods, complemented by an iterative refinement of the spectroscopic analyses using seismic log g values to enhance parameter accuracy.

Results. Our analysis identifies new detections of solar-like oscillations in 159 stars, providing an important complement to already published results from previous campaigns. The catalogue provides homogeneously derived atmospheric parameters and luminosities for the majority of the sample. Comparison between spectroscopic Teff and those obtained from the IRFM demonstrates excellent agreement. The iterative approach to spectroscopic analysis significantly enhances the accuracy of the stellar properties derived.
Chemical evolution of the Galactic bulge with different stellar populations
Authors: Molero M. , Matteucci F. , Spitoni E. , Rojas-Arriagada A. , Rich R. M.
Published: May 2024

Context. The metallicity distribution function (MDF) of the Galactic bulge is characterized by a multi-peak shape, with a metal-poor peak centered at [Fe/H] ∼ −0.3 dex and a metal-rich peak centered at [Fe/H] ∼ +0.3 dex. The bimodality of the MDF is also reflected in the [α/Fe] versus [Fe/H] abundance ratios, suggesting the presence of different stellar populations in the bulge.

Aims. In this work we aim to reproduce the observed MDF of the Galactic bulge by testing a scenario in which the metal-poor component of the bulge is formed by stars formed in situ, during a strong burst of star formation, while the metal-rich population is formed by stars created in situ during a second burst of star formation and/or stars accreted from the innermost part of the Galactic disk as an effect of a growing bar.

Methods. We adopted a chemical evolution model that is able to follow the evolution of several chemical species with detailed nucleosynthesis prescriptions. In particular, because of the importance of the production of Fe in constraining the MDF, close attention is paid to the production of this element in both Type Ia supernovae and massive stars. In particular, we included yields from rotating massive stars with different rotational velocity prescriptions. Our model also takes the infall and outflow of gas into account, as well as the effect of stellar migration. Results are compared to ∼13 000 stars from the SDSS/APOGEE survey that belong to the region located at a Galactocentric distance RGC ≤ 3.5 kpc.

Results. We successfully reproduce the observed double-peak shape of the bulge MDF as well as the abundance trends of the α elements relative to Fe by assuming both (i) a multi-burst star formation history with a quenching of the first burst of ∼102 Myr and (ii) migration of stars from the innermost part of the Milky Way disk, as an effect of a growing bar. According to our results, the fraction of the stellar mass of the bulge-bar that belongs to the inner disk is ∼40%. In terms of the nucleosynthesis, we conclude that models that assume either no rotation for massive stars or a distribution of rotational velocities that favors slow rotation at high metallicities best reproduce the observed MDF as well as the [α/Fe] and the [Ce/Fe] versus [Fe/H] abundance patterns.
Monitoring of design models of ongoing water supply and drainage projects in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Zenina Elena , Kramarenko Anna , Lipovich Iuliia , Sherbekova Anarbubu A. , Ismanova Zhyldyzkhan Ysmanova
Published: May 2024

Monitoring of water supply and drainage design models is an important task in the context of sustainable development of cities and regions. With increasing population and climate change, effective management of water resources becomes critical. Monitoring of design models helps identify the effectiveness and shortcomings of projects and ensures they adapt to changing conditions. Existing water supply and drainage design models may face a number of problems, such as insufficient efficiency, instability to changing conditions and technological limitations. It is important to investigate these problems and develop monitoring methods and tools that will improve the quality of design and implementation of such projects. The purpose of the study is to develop a system for monitoring of design models of ongoing water supply and drainage projects in order to increase their efficiency and sustainability. The main objectives of the study include: Analysis of existing design models and identification of their main characteristics. Determination of criteria for the effectiveness and sustainability of water supply and drainage projects. Review of monitoring methods and tools that allow to evaluate the compliance of design models with specified criteria. Conducting an analysis of the effectiveness and sustainability of existing projects and identifying areas for improvement.
Ensuring Clean and Safe Water Supply in The Context of Crisis: Case Study on The Adaptability of Ho Chi Minh City Water Supply Company During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vo Anh Tuan , Yuosre Badir , Pham Khuong Thao , Nguyen Huynh Thuy Ngan
Published: May 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to various sectors worldwide, including the water sector. This study delves into the strategies and adaptation measures applied by water utilities in Ho Chi Minh City to overcome the complex difficulties brought about by the pandemic. This study applies qualitative research method, data is collected by conducting in-depth interviews with participants. The target audience of the study is employees, managers, and directors at water supply companies. The research focuses on exploring innovative and creative approaches used in both operations and management practices to respond to crises. By analyzing the data collected, this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted responses to the pandemic in the water sector. These findings contribute to the knowledge base surrounding crisis management and organizational resilience, providing valuable insights for decision makers and stakeholders in similar industry. Ultimately, this research aims to facilitate informed decision-making and promote effective strategies to address future challenges arising from pandemics or other crises.
Integration of the agricultural sector and water use system of Kyrgyzstan in the context of global integration programs
Authors: Dzhailova Asel D. , Sheralieva Dzhanylbubu A. , Murzalieva Natalia V. , Dzhailov Dzhumabek S. , Torokulova Nuriza D.
Published: May 2024

The peculiarities of agricultural development and water use system in Kyrgyzstan and Central Asian countries are revealed. The main features of the land-saving type of development of the industry, characterized by low labor productivity, predominant production in the household sector, and small size of land are defined. The current system of water use, utilization and management of water resources was assessed. In the context of OBOR global integration programs, the directions of development of the agrarian belt, integration of the agrarian sector and water use system are substantiated. The main aspects of this integration are considered, including agricultural policy and support, introduction of innovative technologies for efficient water use in the agricultural sector and ensuring sustainable development of agriculture and water use system.
Culture of citizen education as an important aspect of water management
Authors: Ismanova Nurlan Abdrasulovna , Zholdosheva Akchach Olmasovna , Borsonov Alimbek Razakovich , Gareeva Vilena Galimyanovna
Published: May 2024

The paper discusses the value of water as the main resource of human life, health, well-being and safety. The strategic importance of developing a culture of citizen education as a key aspect of effective water resource management in society is revealed. The paper offers a situational analysis and assesses the level of societal values and priorities amid the crisis conditions of Kyrgyzstan. The normative potentials of society are studied, rational ways of improving the modern society are recommended, and the following is believed necessary – quick development and implementation of targeted programs for raising the socio-cultural and economic level of the population through partnership of government agencies, social institutions and civil society. General scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization of material, qualitative and quantitative assessment of the situation in the world community served as the theoretical and methodological basis of the study. The practical significance and novelty lie in updating and implementing new approaches to water resources, in modern mechanisms for developing a culture of citizen education as an important aspect of effective management of water resources in society, in systematizing the needs of the population, and in all the representatives of the society taking part in decision-making.
The impact of the New Silk Road on international maritime logistics
Authors: Borbodoev Zhorobek , Mytiev Mukhamed
Published: May 2024

The article identifies the problem of transport corridors of the Eurasian continent, along which goods for various purposes are delivered. Promising areas of trade and economic cooperation between the countries of Central Asia have been identified within the framework of the New Great Silk Road project, taking into account the impact of cargo delivery along alternative routes, including sea.
Specifics of training specialists in the field of water resources logistics
Authors: Wang Shuang , Guan Wenyi , Wu Jiaqian , Zhang Lin , Shakeeva Nazira , Yang Baoling
Published: May 2024

The article defines the problem of training specialists who manage water resources logistics. The problems of water logistics are related to peculiarities of transportation of water resources in order to preserve their quality characteristics, operation of hydraulic structures, preservation of coastal territories and their corresponding ecosystems. Effective implementation of the processes related to the above features requires constant analysis of a multitude of parameters and processes, which in most cases are random in nature. The development of operational management solutions requires the use of specialized intelligent software tools. Their effective use requires professional training. The study developed a model of the educational process that uses technologies of digital twins of real natural objects, which allowed forming professional competencies in the field of water resources logistics in an interactive form.
Number of concrete strength tests using the elastic rebound method
Authors: Kornilova Anna , Ermakov Valentin , Baulin Aleksey
Published: May 2024

The article discusses the determination of the required number of experiments when determining the compressive strength of concrete using the elastic rebound method. It is shown that it is not correct to accept a deterministic value for the minimum number of experiments for all grades (classes of concrete). This value depends on the average strength of concrete and the instrument error of the device used. For a given coefficient of variation, with increasing concrete strength, the required number of experiments increases. For the maximum permissible coefficient of variation of concrete strength of 13.5%, calculated dependences of the minimum number of experiments on the average strength of concrete were obtained for the minimum and maximum instrumental errors of the sclerometers used, determined by analyzing the passport data used in Russian organizations involved in the inspection of buildings and structures. The proposed method, which relates the strength of the material of the structure under study and the instrumental error of the device used, can be extended to other methods of determining strength by non-destructive methods and can be the basis of the technical specifications for the creation of devices for non-destructive testing of concrete.
A Systematic Analysis on the Applications of Local Materials in Civil Engineering
Authors: Haboubi Chaimae , Elabdouni Aouatif , Haboubi Khadija , El Hammoudani Yahya , Bohout Sara , Dimane Fouad
Published: May 2024

This article presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the utilization of local materials in civil engineering projects, examining their role in fostering sustainable construction practices. Through a systematic review spanning from 2004 to 2024, the study delves into various dimensions of sustainability within civil engineering, emphasizing the critical importance of employing local materials. It underscores the environmental, economic, and socio-cultural benefits of integrating local resources into construction, while also highlighting the challenges associated with their variability, limited availability, and the need for standardized testing. The methodology involves a detailed bibliometric analysis, including data collection from prominent databases, and employs bibliometric software for data analysis, focusing on identifying key trends, research gaps, and emerging themes in the domain. The results reveal a stable annual growth rate in publications, with a significant emphasis on conference papers, indicating an active discourse within academic and professional forums. The study identifies China as a leading contributor to research in this area, showcasing a global interest with varying degrees of focus. Additionally, the analysis of keyword co-occurrences maps out the central research themes, reflecting a strong integration of traditional civil engineering concerns with modern sustainability challenges. The conclusion advocates for a continued emphasis on sustainable building practices, integrating local materials as a fundamental component of civil engineering projects to enhance environmental outcomes and societal value.
Biological activities of essential oils: A mini-review
Authors: El Youssfi Chaimae , Dadou Said , Loukili El Hassania , El Hammoudani Yahya , Soujaa Hajar , Rejdali Mohamed , Mohammed Hassani Zerrouk , Mourabit Nadira , Aarab Saida
Published: May 2024

Essential oils (EOs) are derived from plants and exhibit diverse biological activities, including antiviral, anticancer and antimicrobial effects. This review offers a thorough examination of their chemical composition and biological properties, which are crucial for pharmaceutical, medical, and agricultural applications. EOs exhibit potent antimicrobial action against various bacteria and fungi, including drug-resistant strains, and display promising antiviral activity against influenza, herpes, and HIV. Additionally, they show potential as anticancer agents, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation. Despite their benefits, challenges such as low solubility and stability limit their use. Innovative strategies such as nanoencapsulation aim to enhance their efficacy.
Overview of the IV International Conference on Geotechnology, Mining and Rational Use of Natural Resources – GeoTech-IV 2024
Authors: Mardonov Bakhtiyor , Kovalev Igor , Abrorov Akbar , Beshimov Yusuf , Kadirov Yorkin , Khurramov Navruzbek
Published: May 2024

The Overview is devoted to the main results of the IV International Conference “GeoTech-IV 2024” which was held by Navoi State University of Mining and Technologies in Uzbekistan on 3-5 April 2024. It describes the main directions and gives the details about the participants and the proceedings.
Public-private partnership between Satbayev university and SK Geoservice LLP: Enhancing collaboration in technological innovation and production
Authors: Ratov Boranbay , Kosminov Arthur , Kuttybayev Aidar , Tabylganov Maksat , Seksenbay Mukhamejan
Published: May 2024

The article provides a detailed examination of public-private partnerships between Satbayev University and drilling tool manufacturer SK Geoservice LLP. It begins by discussing the underlying reasons for this collaboration, such as the demand for innovation and the advancement of drilling tool production. Subsequently, the article analyzes the partners’ interactions and their respective roles in enhancing the design and production processes of drilling tool manufacturing. Successful instances of the university’s research groups’ scientific endeavors being implemented by drilling tool manufacturing experts from the private sector are cited, indicating a high level of cooperation and mutual benefit. The article concludes by highlighting the partnership’s positive impact on the drilling tools market’s development, private entrepreneurship support and growth in the region, and the training of highly skilled personnel. It suggests that these outcomes create new opportunities for further cooperation and growth. Overall, the article underscores the significance of public-private partnerships in advancing science and technology and advocates for their continued deepening and expansion in Kazakhstan. It also notes that such partnerships contribute to enhancing the quality of education in drilling-related fields and bolstering the competitiveness of Kazakhstani companies in the global market.
Evaluating stumps volume in managed, protective pine stands of the subtaiga forest-steppe region of Middle Siberia
Authors: Vais Andrey , Melnik Alexandra , Nepovinnykh Artem , Andronova Alina , Mikhaylov Pavel
Published: May 2024

The article evaluates the stump reserves in pine forests of the subtaiga-forest-steppe region of Central Siberia. It was found that in stands with high density (relative density above 1.0) and high productivity (I– II productivity classes), the stump stock ranged from 0.23 to 2.21 m3 per ha 1. The proportion of stump wood in the total timber stock ranged from 0.04% to 0.44%. The majority of stumps (39.1%) were in the 2nd decay class, indicating that the silvicultural practices used in the area were implemented over a decade ago. The mass of stumps ranged from 0.07 to 0.70 t per ha-1, while the stump carbon reserve varied from 0.04 to 0.35 t С per ha-1 .
Methods of research of radiothermal radiation of cryospheric objects in the microwave range
Authors: Gurulev Alexander , Bordonskiy Georgiy , Kazantsev Vyacheslav , Kozlov Alexey
Published: May 2024

Many cryospheric formations on Earth have an inaccessible location. For example, when studying ice sheets located on the water surface, at the initial moment of ice formation, it becomes difficult to take samples. Remote monitoring methods in the microwave range can be used to study such objects. For example, install a microwave radiometer on an unmanned aerial vehicle and use its own thermal radiation from a cryogenic object to record various kinds of features. For radiometric measurements using microwave radiometers, it is necessary to calibrate the measuring device. In this paper, the radiometer calibration method is considered. For these purposes, two objects with known radiative characteristics were measured. The first is fresh open water with a known surface area and thermodynamic temperature against the background of a frozen cloudless atmosphere. The second is a section of the sky reflected from a metal sheet, with the same area. As an example, radiometric measurements of the ice cover of the Ingoda River, located in the Transbaikal Territory (Russia) at a frequency of 34 GHz, were performed. This measurement technique will be useful to specialists in the field of environmental monitoring of cryospheric formations by microwave remote methods in winter.
Organization of continuous monitoring of quarry sides
Authors: Saparov Berdibay , Xayrulloyev Shaxzod , Ibrohimov Dilshodbek
Published: May 2024

The article discusses the fundamental conceptual positions underlying the study of the significant impact of humanity on the lithosphere, which is approaching and may exceed its limits. It is noted that most surface layers of the Earth's crust are non-renewable, and the majority of chemical elements have found practical applications, yet only about oneseventh of the extracted minerals are used in the production of final products. One of the main challenges in developing open-pit mines is maintaining the stability of the pit walls. As the depth of the pit increases, this issue becomes increasingly critical. The article emphasizes the importance of enhanced study of the fundamentals of managing rock masses in mining operations and the practical application of this knowledge, as it significantly contributes to solving problems and examples related to assessing the stability of slope walls and pit benches.
Development of a device for the utilization of drilling rig heat
Authors: Djurayev Rustam , Abdurakhmonov Otabek , Khatamova Dilshoda
Published: May 2024

Drilling wells is an energy-intensive process. Due to the specifics of drilling operations, the distance from industrial centers and their power systems, and the mobility of equipment, energy supply experience does not always allow its application to other industries. When drilling, along with electricity, large quantities of thermal energy are also consumed. This article presents the results of practical research on improving the operation of internal combustion engines of drilling equipment and heat recovery systems of mobile diesel power plants, as well as increasing the efficiency of diesel power plants by improving their design and optimizing operating parameters.
Analysis of three-phase asymmetrical currents in the secondary voltage of signal change sensors in the power supply system using graph models
Authors: Abubakirov Azizjan , Kurbaniyazov Timur , Bekimbetov Muratbay
Published: May 2024

This article presents the principles of modeling three-phase asymmetrical currents in the form of secondary voltages of signal change sensors in the power supply system. The classical methods of signal transformation modeling do not provide the necessary accuracy due to the complexity in representing the interdependence between input and output quantities and parameters, as well as the difficulty in capturing the interchain dependencies and associated physical-technical effects. The analysis in this work focuses on the principles of signal transformation based on graph models, including the physical and technical effects of the three-phase primary current electromagnetic sensor that creates the interacting magnetic fields. The modifications to elements with nonlinear parameters and the values of the electric network currents in the power supply system during estimation have been considered as an object with concentrated parameters. In contrast to traditional single-phase current transformers, the complex transducing components, weight, and volume of the items are laborintensive when used in combined power measurement and control systems. They also do not provide the universality of the output value when interfacing with microprocessors and electronic technologies in intelligent systems.
Applications of HSS alloys for the production of planetary core cutting heads for tapping holes
Authors: Toirov Murtoza , Mardonov Bakhtiyor , Asatov Sunnatillо , Karimov Komolkhan , Akhmedov Azamat
Published: May 2024

This article provides for the possibility of manufacturing crown cutters from foreign-made high-speed steel HSS, which is not inferior to other similar alloys. The article presents the geometric parameters for the manufacture of a new crown cutter and its use in the field of mechanical engineering for cutting holes in the manufacture of machine parts and rolled products. An example is also given of connecting new pipeline lines to an existing pipeline, which is under pressure up to 2.5 MPa, in heat supply and water supply networks. Methods for eliminating vibration when cutting holes on pipes and rolled products using special lubricating coolants are considered. An example of an invented device design is given that cuts holes in pipeline networks used under pressure up to 25 MPa in hydrometallurgical plants for gold mining and in the chemical and oil industries. A practical example of replacing expensive (tungsten) carbide alloys with foreign highspeed alloys HSS is also presented.
Improving the quality of signals using an adaptive filter
Authors: Ismoilov Muhriddin , Rakhimov Anvarjon , Orziyev Jonibek , Isabekova Venera , Raxmatov Doston
Published: May 2024

Nowadays, in the automation of technological processes, many digital devices are used in all areas of the industry, especially in the mining sector. With the high accuracy of digital devices, they are still affected by noise and interference, which can lead to a measurement device error. Therefore, many filters are used in the industry. The purpose of using filters is to reduce the amount of interference that affects. The article outlines an algorithm for forming noise affecting precision indicators of automation of technological processes using adaptive filters, which allows measuring instruments to reduce errors. Such a type of noise reproduces a useful signal specter and limits the possibilities of its debugging.
Advanced surface roughness characterization using 3D scanning technologies and YOLOv4
Authors: Karimova Nazokat , Ochilov Ulugbek , Tuyboyov Oybek , Yakhshiev Sherali , Egamberdiev Ilhom
Published: May 2024

In modern manufacturing, providing high-quality surface finishes to mechanical parts is critical to maintaining product integrity and optimizing the performance of mechanical systems. Surface roughness directly affects various aspects of part functionality, including friction, wear resistance, and overall durability. Therefore, accurate and efficient assessment of surface finish quality is of paramount importance to ensure the reliability and longevity of mechanical components. To meet this need, this study proposes an intelligent system that leverages the capabilities of deep learning and computer vision technologies to estimate the surface roughness of machined steel parts. By combining these advanced techniques, manufacturers can automate and improve the surface quality inspection process, resulting in increased productivity and reduced costs associated with manual inspection methods. This paper proposes an innovative method for determining surface roughness after machining by combining 3D scanning technologies with the deep learning algorithm YOLOv4.