bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Becoming Resilient and Selfless: A Grounded Theory of Service despite the Threats during Pandemic
Authors: Friales Wilter
Published: April 2022

Frontliners were referred to the civil workers fighting against the pandemic, which includes the nurses, doctors, and other health workers and allied professionals; Officials and staff of the Inter-Agency Task Force on Emerging and Infectious Diseases (IATF); The uniformed personnel of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) and the Philippine National Police (PNP); Media; Various Government Agencies, Groceries, Banks, Food Establishments, and Delivery Services who ensure that basic services are provided to the people; Private sectors, Volunteers; and  Civil society organizations. The study intends to explore the experiences of these Frontliners in doing their service to people despite the risks and threats to their lives. It used a grounded theory approach to generate themes, and themes emerge from the data drawn from varied situations and contexts to capture and explain the essence of meaning or experience of the Frontliners. As a result, categories and sub-categories had emerged from narratives of experiences of the Frontliners. Becoming resilient and selfless are two larger categories that transpired after all the categories and sub-categories were combined. Resilience and selflessness emerged as important attributes manifested by the Frontliners in doing service despite the pandemic threats.
Solid Waste Management (SWM) Conditions, Practices, and Challenges of Select Barangays in Lipa City
Authors: Villanueva Joan , Magsino Annabelle , Hernandez Floryfe , Hernandez Abigail Marie
Published: April 2022

One of the significant challenges around the globe is solid waste and solid waste management. In Lipa City alone, over 167kilos of garbage are produced per day, making it the second biggest waste generator in Batangas province. The study aimed to identify the city’s solid waste management conditions, practices, and challenges, focusing on three selected barangays. The focus was to identify, evaluate, assess the existing solid waste management; and design and develop a piece of equipment as an alternative way ideal for the current condition of solid waste management for these barangays in Lipa City. This study used the descriptive-evaluative and quantitative research design; utilized the 10-year Ecological Solid Waste Management Plan of the Lipa City Environmental and Natural Resources Office or CENRO; and a personal interview with the head and 27 staff in the solid waste management of the city. This study found out that problems still arise despite the strict implementation of solid waste management in these three barangays. As part of the program to be implemented, the researchers proposed introducing a biodegradable composter known as BIOCOM.
Implementation of the Katarungang Pambarangay in the Selected Barangay in Legazpi City for FY 2015-2020
Authors: Sotto Consorcia Evelyn
Published: April 2022

The study aimed to determine the level of implementation of the Lupong Pangkapayapaan at the selected barangays in Legazpi City for FY 2015-2020. Specifically, it aimed to determine the status of Katarungang Pangbarangay in terms of the nature of complaints filed by the residents, problems encountered by the Lupong Tagapamayapa in its effort to amicably settle disputes, and propose recommendations that may be suggested by the Lupon Members and by the parties to the disputes as regards the effective settlement of disputes. The descriptive method of research was used. The study revealed that there were different disputes among the residents filed, there were problems encountered by the Lupong Tagapamayapa in its effort to settle the disputes amicably, and there were proposed recommendations with regards to the effective settlement of the disputes. As recommended, the members of the committee should have enough knowledge in handling the different disputes that are being filed in the barangay, and the barangay council should conduct a seminar on the basic laws, protocols, and procedures to provide more knowledge and skills necessary in addressing disputes in the community. The local government unit should continue to empower the members of the committee in its effort to the effective settlement of the different disputes.
Ethics of Recognition: The Struggles of Ilongga Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs)
Authors: Isidro Rowena
Published: April 2022

This descriptive-qualitative-critical research aimed to appropriate Axel Honneth’s theory in the Struggles for Recognition of the Ilongga Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) to understand the plight of the Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) particularly, the Filipina domestic helpers. This work was premised on the idea to help uplift their dignity by promoting their rights as empowered women in the Philippine society. The researcher argued that several Filipina domestic helpers had been victims of various forms of injustices such as sexual harassment, discrimination, and exploitation. Thus, the most that they can do is to struggle to recognize their rights and dignity as full-pledged members of the Philippine society. A phenomenological approach was employed, content analysis, researcher interview-guide-questionnaire, one-on-one personal interview through phone calls, messenger chats, and Focused Group Discussion (FGD) with OFWs were utilized. Three themes had emerged: Physical and psychological abuse, sexual harassment, and insecurity of financial stability. This paper recommended that the concerned government agencies provide concrete plans for Filipina OFWs in consonance with Republic Act No. 10022. These OFWs should be afforded training on livelihood skills and capital incentives and should be equipped with financial literacy through training and seminars to manage their hard-earned income properly.
Syntactic Analysis of Hiligaynun Visayan: Select Print Media Articles
Authors: Pedrosa Evalyn
Published: April 2022

This study investigates the syntactic structuration of the five select Hiligaynun Visayan Print Media Articles, namely: three news articles such as WANTED PERSON SA ANTIQUE, PRISU, LALAKI GINSIRBIHAN WARRANT, 4- KA TU-IG NGA BATA NALUMUS SA SUBA, and two editorials: SWILDU SANG MANUNUDLU and SAKA SA KUNTRIBUSYUN SA SSS. The study focuses on the following linguistic aspects (1) Immediate Constituents Analysis of the sentences, (2) phrase structures of the syntactic forms, and (3) pedagogic grammar monograph on Visayan Hiligaynun Syntax. The syntactic analysis through Immediate Constituents was the method used for the structuration segments of the articles. The sentences were analyzed using the constituent analysis to reveal syntactic structuration. ICA (Immediate Constituent Analysis) has two phases: phase one, identifying immediate constituents, and phase two, the rule in determining the syntactic structure. Based on the ICA and phrase structures of the sentences, the following are the findings: The ICA of the articles reveals that out of the nineteen sentences, eight are composed of simple sentences, eight compound sentences, and three compound-complex sentences. The syntactic structure phrasal analyses of the five articles yield nineteen sentences consisting of noun phrases, verb phrases, and prepositional phrases. A pedagogic grammar on Hiligaynun Visayan syntax is developed to guide the teaching and learning of Hiligaynun.
Menstruation Awareness, Beliefs and Taboos: A Study of Gujarat (India)
Authors: Bulsari Smruti , Saikia Minasree , Rami Gaurang , Pandya Kiran
Published: April 2022

Menstruation is an integral yet neglected aspect of a woman’s health. The reasons for this neglect could be because of the beliefs and taboos associated with it. This study examines the awareness and beliefs about menstruation and taboos practiced during the menstrual cycles. This study focuses on girls and women from different socioeconomic backgrounds in Gujarat, India. The data are collected by administering a questionnaire. Simple linear regression is undertaken to examine the influence of socioeconomic factors on awareness, beliefs, and taboos. The results reveal that education, region (rural and urban), and the extent of development of the district (developed, developing, tribal) are the main factors that influence the awareness, beliefs, and taboos associated with menstruation. However, occupation influences awareness, marital status, and family type influence beliefs, whereas age and religion influence taboos.
Tourists’ Satisfaction and Its’ Challenges on Natural Attractions in a Rural Area
Authors: Cano Jesszon , Ramasola Arlinda , Micabalo Kingie , Simangca Leo , Gucor May Amor , Olaso Lilanie
Published: April 2022

The tourism industry's impact on the Philippines’ economy, the Department of Tourism, the Philippines’ tourism's primary agency, has aggressively promoted the Philippines as a tourist destination with several promotional and marketing strategies. This study assessed the satisfaction of the tourists on different attributes in natural attractions. Two hundred thirty tourists took part in this study. The instruments are made up of three parts. Part 1 pertains to the respondents’ profile, part 2 contains items on determining the tourists' satisfaction, and part 3 pertains to the guests' challenges. The gathered data were treated statistically using frequency, simple percentage, weighted mean, and rank. Tourists had expressed their satisfaction with the different factors they experienced. However, tourists also encountered some problems while visiting the tourist sites. The information on service quality gaps could help tourist destination managers diagnose where performance improvement can best be targeted. The management needs a relatively stable labor force to allow the internalization of service standards.
The Teachers’ Readiness and Administrators’ Support for the Implementation of Performance-Based Assessments in the K to 12
Authors: Alipasa Clark Dominic
Published: April 2022

Performance-based assessments are designed by schools to measure what the learners know and can do in diverse ways. According to the Department of Education, these assessments should enable the students to integrate their 21st-century skills and their knowledge, understanding, values, and attitudes in specific real-life situations. To determine the extent of the teachers’ readiness for the implementation and the extent of support provided by the administrators in terms of supervision and assistance and the administrators’ coaching and mentoring, expert-validated questionnaire checklists were administered to 65 teachers in the Senior High School. Findings show that the extent of the teachers’ readiness to implement performance-based assessment is the extent. In contrast, the extent of the administrators’ support in terms of administration and supervision and coaching and mentoring are very great. The teachers’ readiness has been attributed to their field studies, professional education subjects, and practice teaching wherein they observed and experienced designing performance assessments. Also, the administrators supervised and assisted the teachers by allowing them to create their assessments, providing suggestions, and encouraging participation. To further the implementation, enriched training and workshop sessions, maintaining the communication among the teachers and administrators, and giving credit, independence, and commendations to the faculty members are recommended.
Beach Resorts’ Contribution to the Triple Bottom Line: Economic, Environmental, and Social
Authors: Cano Jesszon , Gimena Judy Ann , Micabalo Kingie , Padillo Elisheba , Siaton Amabella Grace , Ramasola Arlinda
Published: April 2022

This investigation utilized the blended method of research using researcher-designed survey tools. This study was conducted in Anda, Bohol. Using the random sampling technique, sixty respondents provided information on the contribution of the operation of the beach resorts. The study also had nine informants interviewed on the challenges encountered by the beach resorts' operations in their locality. For the analysis of quantitative data, frequency count, percentage, and weighted mean, and thematic analysis for qualitative data. The operation of beach resorts had a high contribution towards economic growth and social development and a moderate contribution towards environmental protection. Lastly, challenges encountered by the stakeholders in the operations of beach resorts in terms of ensuring economic growth were Poor Service Quality, Decreases Guests’ Loyalty, Lack of Transparency in Financial Report, Local Guest Outnumber Foreign Visitors, Marketing Disadvantage due to Inaccessible Location, Unstable Employment, Failure to Comply Legal Obligations and Fishing Ban. In contrast, the challenges in attaining social development were Negative Intercultural Adaptation, Culture and Heritage Disturbance, Inequalities of Resources, Lack of Community Involvement, and Low Public Health Protection. Further, the challenges in ascertaining environmental protection of the beach resorts’ existence in the locality were Weak Environmental Monitoring and Enforcement, Rejecting Environmental Policy, Additional Burden, Minimizes Financial Growth Opportunities and Excessive Fees Discourages Tourists to Return. The beach resorts in the rural location were fully compliant with the proper solid waste management since there are standard operating procedures that they need to perform to ensure customer satisfaction.
Implementation of Solid Water and Waste Water Management of Beach Resorts in Anda, Bohol, Philippines
Authors: Cano Jesszon , Ramasola Arlinda , Gucor May Amor , Olaso Lilanie , Lim Darwin , Micabalo Kingie
Published: April 2022

Resorts operation in developing economies has provided a visible contribution towards improving the economy through tourists’ spending and countless social transformation. However, in any economic growth, environmental integrity has always been compromised by its future viability. This study aims to determine the extent of the implementation of solid waste and wastewater management and the contribution of the beach resort. The findings of this study served as a basis for devising an environment-friendly model for beach resorts. This investigation utilized the descriptive-correlational method of research with the use of researcher-designed survey tools. This study was conducted in Anda, Bohol. Using the purposive sampling technique, twenty respondents provided information on their demographic profile and the extent of solid waste and wastewater management implementation in the beach resorts. Frequency count and percentage, weighted mean, chi-square test of independence were computed. More respondents belonged to the 40 & above age range, and the majority were females, single, college graduates, and worked as general managers of the beach resorts. The solid waste management of waste minimization and waste reuse was moderately implemented, while wastewater management was highly implemented.
From Papers to Practices: Embracing Challenges of ISO Certification
Authors: Reyteran Riza
Published: April 2022

As a mechanism to ensure quality education and services in the state colleges and universities in the Philippines, ISO certification entails embracing challenges and adopting strategies for the sustainable implementation of quality management systems, policies, and procedures. This descriptive study looked into the strategies employed, the challenges encountered and the changes observed by one state college during ISO certification. A total of 84 college officials, faculty members, and staff were requested to answer a questionnaire. Responses were validated through an interview among selected participants. Results revealed the respondents’ positive perception towards ISO certification; the institution’s employment of consultant, conducting seminars, trainings, internal audits, and management review, and implementation of ISO-aligned policies and procedures as strategies; conduct of orientations, dissemination of information, time management, provision of necessary resources and commitment of top management to address challenges on lack of awareness, resistance to change, conflict in schedule, insufficient knowledge on ISO standards and implementation of policies and procedures; and improvement in the school image, customer satisfaction, communication, and implementation of policies and procedures as observed changes. Hence, the respondents’ perception, strategies, and actions to address the challenges helped the institution acquire and benefit from ISO certification.
Conquering the Stormy Seas of Pandemic: Appropriateness and Effectiveness of a Quasi-Military Institution’s Covid-19 Response
Authors: Paraggua Victoria , Mobo Froilan , Acuavera Ronalyn , Villavicencio Leah , Atejera Sheena Lee , Pasa Geraldine
Published: April 2022

The global health crisis brought about by the COVID-19 has disrupted and negatively affected even the education sector. Strict measures and plans to curb the spread of the virus were implemented nationwide, but a sudden surge of COVID-19 positive cases at the Philippine Merchant Marine Academy was experienced. Thus, this research generally aimed to discover how PMMA responded to the surge in terms of effectivity and appropriateness. This quantitative-descriptive research used a bilingual researcher-made survey questionnaire. Through the descriptive analysis of the data gathered, the study found out that the measures implemented (e.g., adequate meals for the stay-in respondents, consultation with relevant personnel, ensuring strict compliance with health and safety protocols.) were generally highly appropriate and highly effective. Even so, some practices must be corrected to ensure the safety of cadets and employees, including strict implementation/compliance to health and safety protocols, guidelines on quarantine facilities, and allowing COVID-19 negative students to stay inside the Academy. Given these, to ensure resiliency to future and similar circumstances, it is recommended that cadets who were sent outside for important reasons must be quarantined, a permanent emergency management team be created, a work from the home scheme will be implemented, and vaccination of all employees and cadets will be worked on.
Creative Thinking and Anxiety among Adolescents
Authors: Billote William Jo Se , Ponce Ryan , Ponce Trixie Elaine , Aguada Angelica Ruth , Bata Ma. Abegaille , De Leon Michaela Nicole , Lizardo Amie Shane , Merina Kimberly Faith , Padios Michaela Lj , Viola Mary Diane
Published: April 2022

Every person will come to experience what everyone perceives as the most challenging stage in life – adolescence. Most adolescents have different perspectives on life in this stage, and they experience many transitions. These transitions can naturally lead to anxiety. Experiencing anxiety is a normal part of adolescence. Excessive anxiety, however, frequently results in anxiety disorder. Individuals with this disorder often experience intense, excessive, and persistent worry and fear about everyday situations. Using a descriptive-correlational research design, this study aimed to determine the relationship between variables such as age and anxiety to creative thinking among 100 adolescents in a selected school in Batanes. The Creativity Styles Questionnaire (CSQ) was used to assess creative thinking and the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) for the respondents' anxiety. Results revealed the following: (1) There were no significant differences in anxiety between male and female adolescents; (2) A weak negative correlation between age and anxiety and; (3) A weak negative correlation between creative thinking and anxiety.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Performance: Empirical study of Integrated Remote Site Management services in Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Avdic Senaj , Elsaman Hosam Azat , Gernal Liza
Published: April 2022

Generally and in the UAE, businesses worldwide are particularly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The SME companies in Dubai UAE faced a very tough challenge to deal with the new circumstances of lockdown and curfews in running the international business. The purpose of the current study was to analyze the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on Business Performance. The theoretical frameworks for this study are Process Theory of Internationalization (PTI), Uppsala-model (the U-model), and internalization theories and the link with IB theories applications nowadays. The quantitative study applied a nonexperimental, deductive approach and explanatory correlation design, and Snowball sampling was used to select stakeholders of integrated remote site management (IRSM) services in Dubai, UAE. Data was collected at a single phase using a cross-sectional survey instrument and analyzed using inferential statistics with the aid of SPSS. The survey results revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly change the efficiency performance of the IRSM stakeholders. Stakeholders' confidence in their strategic leaders did not decrease while working under the constraints of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study did not account for any changes in employee or leaders’ behavior over time.  This Empirical study findings add value to the limited literature on the correlation between the COVID-19 pandemic and the strategic leadership of international businesses. The paper’s practical implications would be further study on strategic leadership in IB and efficiency performances during global pandemics.
Mini-Crush Technique in Left Main Coronary Bifurcation: A Case Report
Authors: Chiwane Sanjat
Published: April 2022

Percutaneous coronary intervention of Left Main (LM) coronary artery bifurcation disease remains technically challenging. Despite the plethora of techniques in current practice and guidelines advocating provisional strategy (one-stent or main branch-stent only), controversy still persists regarding the two-stent techniques.Moreover, there is improved mindfulness towards various factors affecting LM treatment such as patient selection, stent characteristics, risk stratification, optimum imaging, as well as vessel preparation. The latest generation stent with ultra-thin struts have been safe and efficient in the treatment of LM bifurcation lesions, as they have upgraded designs that aid in the expansion of their diameters to larger extent. Additionally, being ultra-thin leads to lower metal load at the carina, thus improving the long-term outcomes. The authors here present with the case of a 42-year-old patient with LM bifurcation disease who was successfully managed with mini-crush technique using ultra-thin Tetriflex Sirolimus-Eluting Stents (SES). The case depicts that optimum amalgamation of ultrathin strut stents implantation and mini-crush technique would provide very favourable results.
Intergovernmental Transfers and Own Revenues of Subnational Governments in Nigeria
Authors:   Universidade do Minho, Portugal, Taiwo Kayode ,   Adekunle Ajasin University, Nigeria
Published: April 2022

The paper explores the effect of intergovernmental transfers on the own revenues of subnational governments in Nigeria. This study employs the instrumental variables (IV) model to establish the impact of annual variation in intergovernmental transfers on the own revenues of subnational governments. The study reveals that states depend mainly on transfers from the federal government to run their operations; and transfers to second-level administrative units, states in Nigeria crowd out own revenues. A 1 percent rise in transfers leads to about 0.65 percent reduction in own revenues per capita. Also, the drive for own revenues goes down in the election year.
Fermentation Practices and Microbiological Profile of Fermented Cacao Beans (Theobroma cacao) from Mvila Division, South Region, Cameroon
Authors: Saïdou C. , Mohammadou B. A. , Ghomdim NZ. H. , Mezajoug L. B. , Nodem F. S. , Tchiegang C.
Published: April 2022

Fermentation is an important process in the production of commercial cocoa beans. Conducted in a natural way, it takes place through the action of microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB), acetic bacteria and fungi. This generally contributes to obtaining cocoa of different grades. In order to improve the quality of commercial cocoa in the division of Mvila, the aim of this study was to assess the fermentation practices and the microbiological profile of fresh fermented cocoa beans. For this purpose, a survey on the fermentation techniques of the cocoa sector was firstly done with 75 producers. Thereafter, samples of fermented and dried cocoa beans from different producers were collected for commercial quality assessment (grades, impurities rate and water content). Producers with cocoa beans of good quality were retained and the microbial (LAB, yeast enumeration and characterization) quality of their fresh fermented cocoa were monitored after fermentation. The results obtained on the post-harvest treatment techniques of cocoa beans revealed that the technical itinerary is respected with 100% of producers who put the pots in incubation before fermentation. In addition, fermentation techniques are practiced by 87,5% of producers and take place for 6 days long (in 95 %), notably fermentation in wooden box (47.5%), fermentation in heaps (32.50%). According to the commercial quality, the localities of Melane and Nkoemvone have good quality (Grade=1) cocoa with a rate of brown beans of 95.4% and 94% respectively. Lactic acid bacteria, acetic bacteria and yeast were presents in all fresh cocoa beans with the final load of 1.17 × 107 CFU/g, 1.87 × 105 CFU/g and 5.60 × 106 CFU/g respectively. The fermentative capacity revealed that among the 13 isolates of yeasts, 11 were alcohol producers. This study shows that these microorganisms are responsible for the good fermentation of cocoa beans. It would be judicious to make molecular identification of these strains and to use them as a starter for the controlled fermentation of cocoa.
Assessment of Budgeting Literacy Affect on Provision of Physical Resources in Public Secondary Schools in Buuri Sub-county
Authors: Obuba Robert , Kathurima David
Published: April 2022

Budgeting refers to how business funds are managed effectively. Budgeting literacy is essential for proper management of school finances and hence provision of physical facilities. Thus, the current research seeks to find out the influence of budgeting literacy on physical resources in public secondary schools in Buuri Sub-County. The study was guided by institutional theory. This study was based on a descriptive research design. The study used a sample of 102 respondents comprising of 34 principals, 34 chairpersons of Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) and 34 chairpersons of Boards of Management (BOM) from 34 public secondary schools in Buuri Sub-county. The study employed two sets of questionnaires (one for principals and the other for the PTA and BOM chairpersons) as data collection instruments. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze quantitative data while thematic approach was used to analyze qualitative data. Tables and figures were used to present quantitative data while narratives were used to present qualitative data. The study concluded that literacy in various budgeting aspects like constant reviewing of the budget, needs analysis, planning, accountability, evaluation and monitoring of the budget implementation and clear school policy on management of financial resources enhances provision of physical resources in schools.
Financial Management System of Small-scale Agricultural Industries: Basis for a Training Scheme
Authors: Demillo Glenn M.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to propose a training scheme based on the findings. This study aimed to evaluate the Financial Management System (FMS) of firms dealing with agricultural inputs. It was found from various literatures that the absence of a clear financial management system could lead to corruption, theft, fraud, data insecurity, and inability to monitor profit. In discussing these problems, this study considered accounting system, budget control, financial capability, and internal control which were moderated by firm age and size. The study employed quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive research design. There were 72 agricultural enterprises that participated in the study. Result reveals that the overall level of FMS among small scale agricultural industries is high. Further, there was a significant difference in the level of FMS among respondents when analyzed by firm size and age. A training scheme on budgetary control is designed because it registered the lowest measure among the indicators of FMS.
Better Ways for the Integration of Educational Tourism and Rural Revitalization at Guilin Village, China
Authors: Zheng Siling , Chen Xue , Wang Lan , Tang Minjin , Tang Xiang , Yen Tsai-Fa (TF)
Published: April 2022

Educational tourism and rural revitalization are not two incompreparable concepts. If the two can be integrated, it can effectively solve the relevant problems of talent revitalization in rural revitalization. Therefore, the purpose of this article is not only to explore the integration of educational tourism in rural revitalization, but also to put forward relevant suggestions and countermeasures. Guilin Village, Longchuan County, Heyuan City, Guangdong Province was selected as the research object. Data are obtained and analyzed through investigation and interview, and literature retrieval. The results found that the supporting facilities of Guilin Village are not perfect. It has rich resources of tea culture and excellent ecological environment. The study suggests that local government departments should cooperate with colleges and universities to empower educational resources based on rural resources, and with the help of natural geographical advantages and simple cultural heritage while carrying out local educational tourism. And it would be beneficial to achieve the comprehensive educational effect of combining rationality and practicality of "doing within learning, thinking while learning, and understanding while learning”.
Relevant Foundry Craft Practice Skills for Technical College Students’ Self-Employment in COVID-19 Pandemic Era in Rivers State
Authors: Clinton Idibia, , Godstime Thomas, Chinujinim , Chukuladi Ugoji, Prince
Published: April 2022

The study examined relevant foundry craft practice skills for technical college students’ self-employment in covid-19 pandemic era in rivers state. Four purposes and four research questions were raised and one null hypothesis formulated which guided the study. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. The population was 239 comprised of 180 technicians and 59 teachers/instructors in six Government Technical Colleges in Rivers State. A questionnaire structured on a 4-point rating scale was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three specialists one from School of secondary Technical Education, Federal College of Education (Technical) Omoku, and the other two from faculty of education, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. The reliability coefficient of .80 was obtained. The data collected from the respondents were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions. The findings reveled that to a high extent, practical skills in pattern making, core making, moulding process, melting, molten metal handling and treatment skills were relevant and innovative for technical college students’ self-employment in covid-19 pandemic era in Rivers State. Hence, the study recommends government should promote the teaching and learning of foundry craft practice skills in Nigerian technical college to encourage students’ self-employment on graduation, than being job seekers. School administrators, teachers and students should give foundry craft practice lessons the uppermost priority as a very relevant trade that can engender entrepreneurs in Rivers state.
Stock Expectations and Virtual Population Analysis of Three Mullets Species in the Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq
Authors: Mohamed Abdul-Razak M.
Published: April 2022

The research was conducted as many as 456 individuals of Planiliza abu, 500 individuals of P. klunzengeri and 600 individuals of P. subviridis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the frequency of fish lengths to determine stock expectations and analyze species population estimates using the VPA (Virtual Population Analysis) Method in the Shatt Al-Arab River from November 2015 to October 2016 using the FiSAT II program. The results showed that the growth patterns of the three species were negative allometric. The values of L∞ for the three species were 21.2, 27.0 and 29.3 cm, respectively. The rates of total mortality (Z), fishing (F), natural (M) and exploitation (E) for P. abu were 2.69, 1.09, 1.60 and 0.59, P. klunzengeri 2.49, 1.08, 1.41 and 0.57 and P. subviridis 1.51, 0.84, 0.68 and 0.45, respectively. The present exploitation rates (E) for all species are lower than the biological target reference points expressing a case of under-exploitation of the species. VPA showed that the maximum fishing mortality for the three species occurred in the mid-lengths, with maximum values at the length of 15 cm for P. abu and 17 cm for P. klunzengeri and P. subviridis. The mullets species catches have not met the criteria for good management (Lc50< Lm50), indicating that the fish may be vulnerable to capture before they mature. Accordingly, the present study proposes that the officials in fishery management can get more by yields through increasing the fishing activities on these species but must be matching the mesh sizes with the fishing recommendation to assure resource availability and sustainability.
The Socio-economic Importance and Sustainability of the Major Non-Timber Forest Products Collected in the South West and Littoral Regions of Cameroon
Authors: Njie Ndumbe Louis , Ingram Verina , Hans Enukwa Ettagbor , Samuel Namuene Kato
Published: April 2022

Interest in non-timber forest products (NTFPs) has increased due to their role in poverty reduction, conservation, and food security. However, data on the current environmental and socio-economic aspects of NTFPs harvests are sparse. Using secondary data from literature review as well as participatory rural appraisal tools, information was gathered on NTFPs collectors, and on the relative socio-economic importance of the main NTFPs collected, collectors’ access to NTFPs and sustainability of collection in major collection sites in the South West and Littoral Regions of Cameroon. An estimated 5500 collectors of NTFPs operate in the South West and Littoral Regions of Cameroon. The study revealed that NTFPs are important in the livelihoods of the village communities in the study area constituting 33% to their household income after agriculture (50.6%). The most important NTFPs collected in the study area were Gnetum spp., Irvingia spp., and Ricinodendron heudelotii. In important harvest divisions like the Manyu and Mungo divisions, the contribution of Gnetum spp. and Irvingia spp. to collectors NTFP related income is statistically significant (chi squared-test X2; p<0.05). Increasing harvests, combined with insufficient regulatory and customary control have led to a situation of long-term unsustainable collection. While NTFP collection is essential in providing income to collectors, their exploitation is failing to contribute in meeting environmental sustainability goals. This study concludes that domestication and awareness raising programs could lessen the pressure on the forest resource base and effective regulatory and customary control measures, if implemented and enforced, could limit over-exploitation and enhance sustainable collection and trade in NTFPs.
Comparative Studies of Seed Protectants for Longterm Ambient Storage of Mungbean against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.)
Authors: Bhati Jitender , Vimal S. C. , Saini Pradip Kumar
Published: April 2022

A Comparative study was carried out to evaluate the newer insecticides and botanicals as seed protectants for long term ambient storage of mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek ) against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) under ambient condition use Complete Randomized Design (CRD) at Seed Entomology laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agricultural and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya during 2019-2020. Sixteen included control newer insecticides and botanicals viz. Emamectin benzoate @ 40.0 mg/kg1 seed, Spinetorum @ 8.5 mg/kg-1 seed, Sivanto prime @ 0.01 ml/kg-1 seed, Karanj oil@ 5ml/kg seed, Castor oil @ 5 ml/kg seed, Sunflower oil @ 5 ml/kg seed, Mustard oil @ 5 ml/kg seed, Sesamum oil @ 5 ml/kg seed, Neem oil @ 5 ml/kg seed, Neemoz gold @ 5 ml/kg-1 seed , Coconut oil @ 5 ml/kg seed, Neem leaf powder @ 5g/kg seed, Neem kernel powder @ 5g/kg seed and Gorakhmundi powder @5g/kg seed as seed protectants along with Deltamethrin 2.8 EC @ 0.04ml/kg seed as check were tried to evaluated under ambient condition. Among tested seed protectants, Emamectin benzoate @ 40.0 mg/kg1seed followed by Sivanto prime @ 0.01 ml/kg-1 seed, Spinetorum @ 8.5 mg/kg-1 seed, Neemoz gold @ 5 ml/kg-1 seed and Karanj oil@ 5ml/kg seed was found most effective treatment against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) due to least seed damage (1%) and weight loss (0.84%) with high germination percent (86.83%) in mungbean for long term (upto 6 months) under ambient storage condition.
Synthesis of Lignosulfonate based Nanocarriers for the Delivery of Agrochemicals
Authors: Kumar R. Rajesh , Marimuthu S. , Janaki P. , Moorthy Pon Sathya , Gowtham G. , Sundaresan Srivignesh , Lakshmanan A.
Published: April 2022

Aims: The study's objective is to develop lignosulfonate-based nanocarriers as a UV protectant for agrochemical delivery

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Nano Science & Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. The research was carried out between March 2021 and January 2022.

Methodology: We demonstrate a straightforward approach for the solvent – anti-solvent conversion of lignosulfonate macromolecules from black liquor derived from the paper pulping industry to nanocarriers. Due to the amphiphilic nature of lignin, nanoparticles are generated by self-assembly. To create lignin nanoparticles, a drop-by-drop solvent exchange approach has been used. The lignosulfonate solution was prepared using solvents such as ethanol and tetrahydrofuran, and then water was added as an antisolvent, resulting in the creation of nanoparticles by self-assembly. The hydrophobic portion of lignin creates the particle's core, while the hydrophilic hydroxyl groups form the particle's shell. The size and stability of nanoparticles were determined using dynamic light scattering, and the form and size of the systems were imaged using scanning electron microscopy. The functional groups of the nanoparticles were determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Results: Solvent tetrahydrofuran generated uniform and spherical lignosulfonate nanoparticles than the solvent ethanol employed in the solvent exchange procedure. When ethanol and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide were used as solvent and surfactant, respectively, the size of lignosulfonate nanoparticles was smaller (270±31.9nm). However, the stability of nanocarrier systems was unaffected by the solvent used, with polydispersity index values of 0.435±0.003 and 0.401±0.028 for tetrahydrofuran and ethanol solvents, respectively. The existence of a distinctive peak at 526 and 609 cm-1 in the infrared spectrum corresponding to sulfonic stretching indicated the presence of lignosulfonate in the carrier systems.

Conclusion: Lignosulfonate-based nanocarrier systems were developed using the solvent exchange method. However, the nanocarrier systems are to be validated to assess the bioefficacy of active molecules.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of New Phytosanitary Protection Programs in Cotton Crops Adapted to Jassids
Authors: Kouadio Houphouet , Kouakou Malanno , K. N. Bini Kouadio , Delphin Koffi K. , M. Abdel-Nasser Ouattara , Adepo-Gourène Béatrice A. , G. Ochou Ochou
Published: April 2022

In recent years, jassids have become a problem for cotton and the current control program for this pest seems ineffective. This study was therefore initiated with the objective of evaluating the effectiveness of three new phytosanitary protection programs against jassids. Trials were conducted at the Nambingué observation post. The study designs were Fisher blocks with 5 objects and 4 replications. Each elemental plot had a length of 10 m and a width covering 10 lines, 8 of which were treated. The spacing between rows was 0.8 m. The distance between patches on a line was 0.4 m. The distance between blocks was 2 m. Six insecticide treatments were carried out. Treatments were started on the 45th day after cotton emergence, at 14-day intervals. These three new programs, which differ according to the composition and positioning of the active substances, were tested during two years in a fisher block design with four repetitions. Two programs, labelled programs B and C, had an efficacy threshold greater than 80%. Program B was characterized by a positioning spiromesifen or chlorantraniliprole in T1 and T2, cypermethrin + abamectin in T2 and T3 and spinetoram + sulfoxaflor in T5 and T6 respectively. And program C was characterized by a positioning spinetoram + sulfoxaflor in T1 and T2, Deltamethrin + chlorpyrifos ethyl in T3 and T4 and dinotefuran 14% + alphacypermethrin 22% in T5 and T6 respectively. They both contributed to a significant reduction in jassid outbreaks during the two years of experimentation. Programs B and C can be used as an alternative to the extension program to manage resistance.
Study of Phytobioactive Constituents and Antioxidant Potential of Different Fractions of Leaves Extract of Boswellia serrata
Authors: Kushwaha Sujata , Tyagi Chandra Kishore
Published: April 2022

Many of the current treatments that we use to treat our various ailments are derived from plants or plant-based therapies. The herb is particularly important in traditional medicine because of its ethnomedicinal properties. Boswellia serrata, often known as Indian frankincense, is a plant extract that has been utilised in Ayurvedic medicine for thousands of years. Because Boswellia serrata has a strong anti-inflammatory effect, Western medicine has verified its traditional use in the treatment of osteoarthritis, as it has with many other herbs. The goal of this study was to find out what phytochemicals were present in Boswellia serrata leaf extracts, as well as their antioxidant activities. The MeOH (85 percent) extract of Boswellia serrata leaves exhibited the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity, according to the findings of this study. Furthermore, the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions (85 percent) generated from MeOH extract had a high total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Total phenolics and antioxidants have a strong positive relationship. For further separation and identification of their chemical components, sophisticated chromatographic and spectroscopic technologies are advised due to the significant quantity of total phenolics and antioxidant capacity of EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions. The leaf of Boswellia serrata is a great source of natural antioxidants, according to this study. Furthermore, overall phenolic content and antioxidant activity have a close association.
Relationship between Optimisim and Resilience and Level of Physical Activity among General Population of Aurangabad: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bidve Junneshwar , Shah Sakshi , Kshirsagar Ashwin , Bhatia Tushmeetkaur , Naaz Ansari Sadaf , Seneen Aleena
Published: April 2022

Background: Physical activity is a voluntary body movement which requires energy expenditure. Optimism makes an individual more resilient so if adversity strikes and the person has an upbeat attitude towards life, it is likely that an individual may bounce back stronger as before. The capacity to change or adjust to various situations may or may not depend on the level of physical activity and optimism in one’s life. The current study is aimed to determine the relationship between physical activity, optimism and resilience among general population of Aurangabad.

Methods: This cross sectional study had a total of 531 respondents from across the city, out of which 228 were willing to participate. It included individuals from a age group of 18-52 years, of varying occupation.

Outcome Measures: Three scales were used specifically. Life Orientation Test (LOT) was used to measure optimism. Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) was used to evaluate resilience   and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to measure the physical activity among the individuals.

Results: The results were calculated using statistical tests. Chi-square test was used to find association between physical activity and optimism. The results showed a positive correlation between physical activity and optimism with a p value of > 0.05. The relation between optimism and resilience was calculated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Conclusion: The study signifies a strong positive correlation between optimism, resilience and physical activity among general population of Aurangabad. The study also concludes a positive correlation between optimism and resilience.
Development of Student Worksheets Write Project Based Learning-based Explanatory Text for Class xi Senior High School
Authors: Hidayati Miftakhul , Eko Rusminto Nurlaksana , Fuad Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Aim: The aim of this research is to produce student worksheets using project based learning model, describe the feasibility of students worksheets using project based learning, and determine the effectiveness of students worksheets using project based learning model.

Study Design: Research and Development.

Background: The problem in this research is related to the development of Student Worksheets writing project-based learning texts of class XI high school learners. The purpose of this study is to produce students worksheet teaching materials to write project-based learning explanatory texts, knowing the feasibility and effectiveness of student worksheets in writing explanatory texts in grade XI high school learners.

Research Methods: Methods used in this research and development (R&D) research and also uses two method, qualitative and quantitative methods. Data collection techniques with observations, interviews and deployment of questionnaires at three schools in Metro City.

Research Results: The results showed that the product was successfully developed in the form of students worksheet writing project based learning explanatory text, the feasibility of students work sheet as a whole was declared "very feasible" by material experts, learning experts and practitioners with percentages of 82%, 84%, and 85.71%. Students worksheet effectively improves explanatory text writing capabilities with N-Gain by (0.38) (0.38) and (0.37) falls into the "medium" category.
“Decent Work” in the Port Industry- Resilience of Social Dialogue: A Scope Study with Related Analysis
Authors: Oladeinde Olusegun
Published: April 2022

This paper endeavors to review the literature in a conceptual and practical mode with reference to the research work on workplace on a select area viz., labour relations practices at the ports and identifies the importance of theoretical analysis to support workplace social dialogue. The paper is explorative in attempting to provide theoretical imperatives of social dialogue at the waterfronts as institutional framework in the light of democratization of labour-management relations at the ports. The paper has underscored the significance of the institutional framework of Social Dialogue at the port to provide trade unions and other stakeholders with an opportunity to expand the benefits of port reforms, and labour-management relations, beyond the scope of collective bargaining. Further, the paper explores conceptual understanding of Research Methodology in workplace study. In particular, it engages with the epistemological issues surrounding the adoption of a particular method of doing research. This and the epistemic of research method are discussed along the conceptual framework.