bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9934: Albuminuria Entails Myocardial Fibrosis at the Population Level: The MESA STUDY
Authors: Chehab Omar , Zeitoun Ralph , Shabani Mahsima , Varadarajan Vinithra , Wu Collin , Ambale Venkatesh Bharath , Allen Norrina B , Post Wendy S , Badr Kamal , Ac Lima Joao A
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Microalbuminuria(MA) is an established predictor of CVD. Experimental and small observational studies have shown an association between MA and myocardial fibrosis(MF) among patients with type two diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the relationship to MF in a community-based population is unknown.

Hypothesis:
We hypothesize that participants with MA will have higher rates of MF measured by cardiac magnetic resonance T1(CMR-T1) mapping.

Methods:
A total of 1,010 men (mean age:68±9) and 1,003 women (mean age: 70 ± 9) who had both urine albumin and creatinine measurements and CMR-T1 for evaluation of MF were included in MESA visit 5. To study the association of MA among various populations, analyses were then stratified by diabetes stage and by sex. Multivariable linear regression models were constructed to assess the associations of MA with ECV and native T1 time.

Results:
Higher levels of MA were independently associated with greater evidence of MF (Fig.A). Participants with worse severity of MF (defined as ECV >30%), that were men, or had either history of pre-DM or DM had significantly higher levels of MA, whereas no difference in MA levels were found in women (Fig.B). Among men only, each 1-SD increment greater MA levels was significantly associated with 0.3% higher ECV and 2.6% higher native T1. Among participants with pre-diabetes and diabetes, each 1-SD increment in MA levels was associated with 0.4% and 0.3% higher ECV and 3% and 3.5% higher native T1, respectively (Fig.A)

Conclusions:
In a community-based setting, measurable MA, independent of age, sex, DM, history of CVD, and other clinical variables, was related to subclinical MF. This association was more significant among participants with preDM, Type2DM, and men. These findings demonstrate that MA, a urine biomarker, may identify participants with high subclinical profibrotic condition. Further studies are warranted to address whether treatment of MA will be associated with lower MF.
Abstract 9935: Association of Hypertension and Growth Differentiation Factor 15 With Incident Coronary Heart Disease: The Kuakini Honolulu Heart Program
Authors: CHEN RANDI , Morris Brian J , Donlon Timothy A , Masaki Kamal H , Morgen Eric , Fortney Kristen , Willcox Bradley J
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Hypertension is a pathophysiological stress. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress-response protein, and a predictor for heart disease. The effects of the longevity genotype of FOXO3, a stress-response and prominent longevity-associated gene, on mortality vary in normotensive and hypertensive men.

Hypothesis:
The effect of GDF15 concentration on the risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) is different in men with different hypertension status.

Methods:
The Kuakini Honolulu Heart Program (KHHP) is a longitudinal study of cardiovascular diseases that started in 1965 involving 8,006 Japanese-American men in Hawaii. Proteomic analyses were performed using serum from KHHP exam 4 (1991-1993, ages 71-93) in a random sample (n=1,000) of men who in mid-life had been free of chronic diseases such as CHD, stroke, cancer, and diabetes. Participants were followed for incident CHD event (first event of MI, coronary insufficiency, angina, CABG, angioplasty, silent MI and CHD death) through December 1999. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess potential association of GDF15 concentration and hypertension (SBP/DBP≥160/95 mmHg or on anti-hypertensives) with incident CHD.

Results:
We excluded 5 men missing GDF15 data and 221 men with diseases including CHD, CHF, atrial fibrillation, LVH and stroke at baseline (KHHP exam 4). During 9 years of follow-up (median 7.92 years), 60 men developed CHD. To eliminate the possible recursive-effect of preclinical CHD on GDF15 at baseline, 6 CHD cases diagnosed within the first year of follow-up were excluded. So, there were 768 men available for analysis. Participants were divided, using tertiles of GDF15 concentration, into two groups: low-medium GDF15 (in low or middle tertile) and high GDF15 (in upper tertile). Multivariate Cox model adjusting for age, BMI, smoking (pack-years), cholesterol, HDL, diabetes and serum glucose showed a significant interaction effect of hypertension and high GDF15 on incident CHD (p=0.019); HR (95%CI) of high GDF15 vs low-medium GDF15 on CHD was 4.56 (1.51-13.76; p=0.007) in normotensive men, and 0.97 (0.49-1.92; p=0.93) in hypertensive men.

Conclusions:
High GDF15 concentration increases CHD risk in normotensive men, but not in hypertensive men.
Abstract 9936: In-Hospital Management and Outcomes of Patients With and Without Prior Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Who Present With a Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Dhaduk Nehal , Xia Yuhe , Alviar Carlos , Feit Frederick , Keller Norma M , Bangalore Sripal
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
The clinical course of patients with prior CABG presenting with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is not well defined. We aim to compare the management and outcomes of patients with and without prior CABG who present with an NSTEMI.

Methods:
Patients hospitalized with an NSTEMI between 2002-2018 were identified from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Baseline characteristics and outcomes of patients with prior CABG were compared to patients without. Outcomes included the rates of invasive management (defined as coronary angiography, PCI or CABG), and its individual components, as well as mortality, length of stay, and in-hospital charges.

Results:
A total of 1,445,545 cases of NSTEMI were identified of which 133,691 (9.3%) had a prior CABG. Patients with prior CABG were older (72.4 vs 68.6 years, p <0.001), more likely to be men (68.8% vs 56.9%, p <0.001), and of white race (79.7% vs 74.8%, p <0.001). The prior CABG cohort had lower rates of invasive management (50.4% vs 65.6%, p <0.001), PCI (23.7% vs 32.0%, p <0.001), or CABG (1.2% vs. 10.6%; p<0.001) in the unmatched analysis. Results were consistent in the propensity score matching analysis with the prior CABG group less likely to receive any invasive intervention (OR: 0.48, 95% CI 0.47 - 0.49) including PCI (OR: 0.66, 95% CI 0.64 - 0.67) or CABG (OR: 0.11, 95% CI 0.10 - 0.12) when compared to the no prior CABG group
(Figure 1).
Moreover, the risk of in-hospital mortality was higher in the prior CABG group (OR:1.15, 95% CI 1.10 - 1.21).

Conclusions:
Patients with prior CABG who present with NSTEMI have lower rates of invasive management and revascularization with associated higher in-hospital mortality when compared with patients without prior CABG.
Abstract 9967: Outcomes of Cardiac Surgery in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Almasri Murad , Elsisy Mohamed , Radwan Yasser
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at increased cardiovascular risk. Data about outcomes after cardiac surgery are scarce.

Hypothesis:
We sought to evaluate early and late outcomes after cardiac surgery for patients with SLE during a 27- year period at a single institution.

Methods:
A retrospective review of the institutional Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) database between 1993 and 2019 was performed. A total of 329 patients with SLE (median age, 62.4 years, and 68.4% females) had undergone cardiac surgery. Patients’ characteristics and outcomes were analyzed. A logistic regression model was used to assess factors associated with mortality.

Results:
Incidence of cardiac surgery in patients with SLE has steadily increased with time (0.8% from 1993-2000, 0.9% from 2001-2010, 1.4% from 2011-2019). Of 329 patients, 166 patients (50.5%) had valve surgery, 82 patients (24.9%) had coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), 48 patients (14.6%) had CABG + valve surgery, and 24 patients (7.3%) had pericardiectomy or pericardial window +/- others procedures. Patients with SLE were more likely to be females, white, older, and have hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, prior myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure. The requirement of corticosteroids occurred in 91% of patients. The status of surgery was urgent or emergent in 20% of patients. Operative mortality was 4.6% and length of hospital stay was 6.1 days [IQR, 5.1, 9.2]. Overall long-term survival at 1, 5, and 10 years was 89%, 73% and 52%, respectively (Figure). Older age, re-operative dialysis, chronic lung disease, prior cardiac surgery, and dialysis required after surgery were strongly associated with long-term mortality.

Conclusion:
Cardiac surgery in SLE patients can be performed with acceptable morbidity and mortality. These data are beneficial in risk stratification of patients with SLE referred for cardiac surgery.
Abstract 9993: Effect of Major Depressive Disorder on Inpatient Outcomes of Hypertensive Emergency: Analysis From National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Ehtesham Moiz , Shabbir Muhammad Asim
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Our aim was to determine if co-diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) influenced inpatient outcomes of hypertensive emergency (HTNE) admissions.

Methods:
We analyzed the national inpatient sample (2012-2019) for HTNE admissions of ages >18 years. The primary outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS), costs (adjusted for inflation), adverse hospital events (need for mechanical circulatory support and intubation) and in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included predictors of mortality in HTNE patients with MDD. Demographic (age, sex, race) and clinical (history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, stroke, chronic kidney disease, myocardial infarction, obesity, smoking) factors were adjusted for. Data was analyzed in STATA 16.0, and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were calculated using linear and logistic regression method.

Results:
Our study included 149,366 weighted discharges for HTNE. Prevalence of MDD was 9.6% (n=14,339). Average age of the patients were 48 years. 65% were Caucasians, 57% were females and average LOS was 5.5 days. Patients with MDD had longer LOS (6.4 vs 5.1 p<0.001). The adjusted hospital cost was $25,923 higher in patients with MDD (p<0.001), and they also had higher odds of inpatient mortality (AOR 1.76, [1.53 -1.83], P < 0.001). The odds for requiring mechanical circulatory support were higher in patients with MDD (AOR 1.44, P < 0.001). African American men had the highest inpatient costs and LOS. Several conditions increased mortality in HTNE patients with MDD including obesity, cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). (Figure 1)

Conclusion:
Major depressive disorder has an important and unexplored association with hypertension. Our study demonstrates that patients admitted with hypertensive emergency have increased hospital LOS, cost, adverse hospital events and mortality when they have concomitant depression.
Outcomes Following Radiofrequency Renal Denervation According to Antihypertensive Medications: Subgroup Analysis of the Global SYMPLICITY Registry DEFINE
Authors: Mahfoud Felix , Mancia Giuseppe , Schmieder Roland E. , Ruilope Luis , Narkiewicz Krzysztof , Schlaich Markus , Williams Bryan , Ribichini Flavio , Weil Joachim , Almerri Khaled , Sharif Faisal , Lauder Lucas , Wanten Marianne , Fahy Martin , Böhm Michael
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:

The Global SYMPLICITY Registry DEFINE (Denervation Findings in Real World) investigates radiofrequency renal denervation (RDN) in a broad range of patients with hypertension. We evaluated whether the number or type of antihypertensive medications were associated with increased long-term blood pressure (BP) reductions and cardiovascular outcomes following radiofrequency RDN.

METHODS:

Patients underwent radiofrequency RDN and were categorized by baseline number (0–3 and ≥4) and different combinations of medication classes. BP changes were compared between groups through 36 months. Individual and composite major adverse cardiovascular events were analyzed.

RESULTS:

Of 2746 evaluable patients, 18% were prescribed 0 to 3 and 82% prescribed ≥4 classes. At 36 months, office systolic BP significantly decreased (
P
<0.0001) by −19.0±28.3 and −16.2±28.6 mm Hg in the 0 to 3 and ≥4 class groups, respectively. Twenty-four–hour mean systolic BP significantly decreased (
P
<0.0001) by −10.7±19.7 and −8.9±20.5 mm Hg, respectively. BP reduction was similar between the medication subgroups. Antihypertensive medication classes decreased from 4.6±1.4 to 4.3±1.5 (
P
<0.0001). Most decreased (31%) or had no changes (47%) to the number of medications, while 22% increased. The number of baseline antihypertensive medication classes was inversely related to the change in prescribed classes at 36 months (
P
<0.001). Cardiovascular event rates were generally low. More patients in the ≥4 compared with 0 to 3 medication classes had myocardial infarction at 36 months (2.8% versus 0.3%;
P
=0.009).

CONCLUSIONS:

Radiofrequency RDN reduced BP safely through 36 months, independent of the number and type of baseline antihypertensive medication classes. More patients decreased than increased their number of medications. Radiofrequency RDN is a safe and effective adjunctive therapy regardless of antihypertensive medication regimen.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01534299.
Emojis: Metonymy in Meaning and Use
Authors: Morras Javier , Barcelona Antonio
Published: June 2023

Emojis are changing the way we communicate in digital text interactions nowadays. They allow us to express kinesthetic cues that are always present in face-to-face communication. Such non-verbal cues may be understood as windows into the emotional/attitudinal states of human beings, and they are conventionalized on the basis of metonymy which, as a mental shortcut, automatically connects facial expressions to the feelings and emotions triggering those expressions. Using a new methodological approach in the form of an entry model for metonymic description, the article intends to provide some insights on how the semantics of emojis is deeply linked to metonymic patterns. The emotions analyzed are hilarity and anger. The paper also briefly addresses the meaning and use of emojis for things and non-affective relations.
An Introduction to Andalusi Hebrew Metrics
Authors: Martínez Delgado José
Published: June 2023

Throughout the last two centuries, Hebrew metrics was studied by leading linguists and specialists in medieval Hebrew poetry. Nowadays, it has disappeared from the academic discussion such that it is sometimes even difficult to find scansions or the name of the meter in new editions of poems. This book aims to rectify this gap, helping readers to understand the metric structure of this poetry in order to facilitate the work of editing and cataloguing those samples still in manuscript form for future editors.

Delgado presents his view of Andalusi Hebrew metrics, as encountered in medieval manuals of Arabic and Hebrew metrics and scattered notes in the works of Andalusi Hebrew philologists. Whilst twentieth-century scholars spoke about the adaptation of Arabic metrics to Hebrew, he instead approaches these compositions by Andalusi Jews (10th-13th c.) as Arabic metrics written in Hebrew, thus emphasising how Hebrew poetry of the Andalusi Jews can help us to understand the general evolution of Arabic strophic poetry, and its experimental evolution, which is quite unlike classical and strophic Arabic poetry.

This method respects the Hebrew vowel system, and does not necessitate alteration of word morphology, leaving the guttural letters quiescent (unless required by metrical license); nor does it necessitate guesses about metres that are not in the classical catalogue. Although the author has not found each and every classical metre from Andalusi Hebrew poetry included in this manual, they are all catalogued, either in case someone finds them in future or because they help us to comprehend the metrical structures that are characteristic of strophic poetry. As such, this monograph will be of great interest to scholars of Hebrew metrics.
Advancing Tropical Cyclone Precipitation Forecast Verification Methods and Tools
Authors: Newman Kathryn M. , Brown Barbara , Gotway John Halley , Bernardet Ligia , Biswas Mrinal , Jensen Tara , Nance Louisa
Published: June 2023

Tropical cyclone (TC) forecast verification techniques have traditionally focused on track and intensity, as these are some of the most important characteristics of TCs and are often the principal verification concerns of operational forecast centers. However, there is a growing need to verify other aspects of TCs as process-based validation techniques may be increasingly necessary for further track and intensity forecast improvements as well as improving communication of the broad impacts of TCs including inland flooding from precipitation. Here we present a set of TC-focused verification methods available via the Model Evaluation Tools (MET) ranging from traditional approaches to the application of storm-centric coordinates and the use of feature-based verification of spatially defined TC objects. Storm-relative verification using observed and forecast tracks can be useful for identifying model biases in precipitation accumulation in relation to the storm center. Using a storm-centric cylindrical coordinate system based on the radius of maximum wind adds additional storm-relative capabilities to regrid precipitation fields onto cylindrical or polar coordinates. This powerful process-based model diagnostic and verification technique provides a framework for improved understanding of feedbacks between forecast tracks, intensity, and precipitation distributions. Finally, object-based verification including land masking capabilities provides even more nuanced verification options. Precipitation objects of interest, either the central core of TCs or extended areas of rainfall after landfall, can be identified, matched to observations, and quickly aggregated to build meaningful spatial and summary verification statistics.
Salivary Cortisol and Anxiety in Canadian Dentists over 1 Year of COVID-19
Authors: Kolbe R.J. , Madathil S.A. , Marin L.M. , Seth R. , Faraj N. , Allison P.J. , Quiñonez C. , Glogauer M. , Siqueira W.L. , Siqueira M.F.
Published: June 2023

The dental profession has endured unprecedented disruption amid COVID-19. Novel stressors have included a high risk of occupational exposure to COVID-19, financial losses, and stricter infection prevention and control requirements. The present study investigated the longitudinal impact of COVID-19 on the stress and anxiety levels of a cohort of Canadian dentists ( N = 222) between September 2020 and October 2021. Salivary cortisol was selected as a biomarker of mental stress, and 10 sets of monthly saliva samples (2,131 in total) were self-collected, sent to our laboratory in prepaid courier envelopes, and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To assess COVID-19 anxiety, 9 monthly online questionnaires were administered, comprising a general COVID-19 anxiety instrument and 3 items regarding the impact of dentistry-related factors. Bayesian log-normal mixed effect models were fitted to estimate the longitudinal trajectory of salivary cortisol levels and their association with the disease burden of COVID-19 in Canada. After accounting for age, sex, vaccination status, and the diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion, a modest positive association was found between dentists’ salivary cortisol levels and the count of COVID-19 cases in Canada (96% posterior probability). Similarly, the self-reported impact of dentistry-related factors, such as fear of getting COVID-19 from a patient or coworker, was greatest during peaks of COVID-19 waves in Canada; however, general COVID-19 anxiety decreased consistently throughout the study period. Interestingly, at all collection points, the majority of participants were not concerned about personal protective equipment. Overall, participants reported relatively low rates of psychological distress symptoms in relation to COVID-19, a result that should be reassuring for the dental community. Our findings strongly suggest a link between self-reported and biochemical measurements of stress and anxiety in Canadian dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Corpus Study on the Difference of Turn-Taking in Online Audio, Online Video, and Face-to-Face Conversation
Authors: Tian Ying , Liu Siyun , Wang Jianying
Published: June 2023

Daily conversation is usually face-to-face and characterized by rapid and fluent exchange of turns between interlocutors. With the need to communicate across long distances, advances in communication media, online audio communication, and online video communication have become convenient alternatives for an increasing number of people. However, the fluency of turn-taking may be influenced when people communicate using these different modes. In this study, we conducted a corpus analysis of face-to-face, online audio, and online video conversations collected from the internet. The fluency of turn-taking in face-to-face conversations differed from that of online audio and video conversations. Namely, the timing of turn-taking was shorter and with more overlaps in face-to-face conversations compared with online audio and video conversations. This can be explained by the limited ability of online communication modes to transmit non-verbal cues and network latency. In addition, our study could not completely exclude the effect of formality of conversation. The present findings have implications for the rules of turn-taking in human online conversations, in that the traditional rule of no-gap–no-overlap may not be fully applicable to online conversations.
Does Religiosity Buffer the Adverse Mental Health Effects of Work-Family Strain? Examining the Role of an Overlooked Resource
Authors: Upenieks Laura , Schieman Scott , Ellison Christopher G.
Published: June 2023

North American employees face substantial challenges in managing their work and family lives. Drawing from Hobfoll’s 2001 conservation of resources (COR) theory, work-family scholars have argued that some resources can be effective in buffering conflict in the work-family interface. We analyze data from a national sample of Canadian workers ( N = 3,431) to assess how two components of religion/spirituality—religious attendance and divine control—buffer the mental health effects of work-to-family conflict (WFC) and family-to-work conflict (FWC). Results suggest that both work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict were associated with higher levels of psychological distress. Our results further reveal that religious attendance buffered the pernicious effects of both WFC and FWC for psychological distress, while divine control only buffered the effects of FWC. These patterns did not appear to differ by gender. Given increasing rates of work-family strain in the North American context, out findings call for a broadening of the literature on the work-family interface, one that takes into consideration the overlooked role of religion and spirituality.
Using Phoneme Discrimination to Help Emergent Bilinguals With Reading Disabilities Acquire New Sounds
Authors: Li Miao , Jerasa Sarah , Frijters Jan C. , Geva Esther
Published: June 2023

Phoneme discrimination is the ability to detect subtle similarities and differences between phonemes. Phoneme discrimination is a strong predictor of reading development and poor phoneme discrimination may predict reading disabilities (Lyytinen et al., 2004). The ability to discriminate phonemes may be an even more critical skill for Emergent Bilinguals (EBs, also known as English Learners) and EBs with reading disabilities because they need to enhance their perception of phoneme boundaries to enhance their word reading ability. As EB populations in schools increase, addressing phoneme discrimination gaps becomes increasingly important. Classroom instruction should include repeated exposure to differentiating phonemes with known high frequency words and minimal pairs to develop a strong foundation for discerning phonetic features.
Sclerotherapy for congenital vascular malformations with mixing foam of polidocanol and liquid of bleomycin
Authors: Yang Wei-Hong , Xiang Xian-Jun , Li Hai-Lei
Published: June 2023

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of sclerotherapy for congenital vascular malformation (CVM) using a combination of polidocanol foam and bleomycin liquid.

Methods

A retrospective review of a prospectively collected data on patients who had sclerotherapy for CVM from May 2015 to July 2022 was performed.

Results

A total of 210 patients with a mean age of 24.8 ± 2.0 years were included. Venous malformation (VM) was the most common type of CVM, accounting for 81.9% (172/210) of all patients. At 6 months follow-up, the overall clinical effective rate was 93.3% (196/210), and 50% (105/210) of patients were clinically cured. The clinical effective rates in VM, lymphatic, and arteriovenous malformation group were 94.2%, 100%, and 100%.

Conclusion

Sclerotherapy using a combination of polidocanol foam and bleomycin liquid is an effective and safe treatment for venous and lymphatic malformations. It is a promising treatment option with satisfactory clinical outcome in arteriovenous malformations.
An Uprooted, Withered Cedar: A New Reading of Ezekiel’s Depiction of Jehoiachin’s Exile
Authors: Kopilovitz Ariel
Published: June 2023

This paper offers an analysis of Ezek. 17. It claims that the eagle did not pluck one of the cedar’s sprigs but rather completely uprooted it. Furthermore, it did not replant the cedar but rather set it in the city to wither, to punish it, not to benefit it. This understanding is consistent with the parable’s structure, interpretation, and Neo-Babylonian findings. It indicates that although Ezekiel anticipates Jehoiachin’s descendants will lead Israel in the future, the prophet’s approach toward Jehoiachin’s exile was negative, and this caused him to exclude Jehoiachin from Israel’s restoration.
A study on the knowledge and perception of artificial intelligence
Authors: Subaveerapandiyan A , Sunanthini C , Amees Mohammad
Published: June 2023

This study investigated the knowledge and perception of artificial intelligence among library and information science professionals in Zambia by surveying 245 randomly selected participants. The results show that the library and information science professionals had a favourable and encouraging outlook with regard to artificial intelligence but were also concerned about artificial intelligence replacing librarians’ roles and the barriers to adopting artificial intelligence technologies in Zambian libraries. The article suggests that libraries should consider the study’s findings before implementing artificial intelligence, particularly concerning technology and facilities, librarians’ proficiency in artificial intelligence, and leadership positions in artificial intelligence initiatives. The research can be used as a resource by library boards and associations to develop policies for implementing artificial intelligence in academic libraries, and fills a research vacuum in developing nations like Zambia regarding the knowledge of university and college libraries, and their willingness to use artificial intelligence.
Advancing a Multisectoral Platform for Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture in Nigeria: Reflections on Effectiveness and Lessons Learned
Authors: Ezekannagha Oluchi , Adeyemi Olutayo , Ajieroh Victor , Onabolu Adeyinka
Published: June 2023

Background:

Inadequate coordination mechanisms and capacity to coordinate are limiting factors for maximizing the ability of agriculture to improve nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa. Effective coordination requires the availability of a platform for stakeholder convening, planning, operationalization of ideas, communication, and accountability. Nigeria’s Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development established one such platform to support the institutionalization of nutrition-sensitive agriculture. Platform members include several departments within the Ministry, other ministries, and development partners. While the platform achieved key milestones and fostered collaboration, some gaps remained.

Objective:

This study reports an assessment to understand the perspectives of members of the coordination platform and identify ways of increasing effectiveness.

Methods:

Desk reviews of relevant documents and 18 key informant interviews were conducted. Documents and interview notes were coded and analysed to identify recurring themes. Themes were appraised using a nutrition coordination framework.

Results:

Sufficiently understanding the nutrition role of representatives’ own organization/department and the purpose of the coordination platform and its activities was important for success. The profile and seniority of representing officers also mattered. While the leadership of the Ministry was committed to advancing nutrition through agriculture, the coordination platform could improve its functionality through consistent leadership, increased seniority of member representatives, and appropriate communication.

Conclusions:

Multisectoral coordination platforms are necessary but do not alone achieve nutrition coordination. Effective leadership and investments in time, strategic orientation, and training are critical to achieving a shared purpose, individual sector fulfilment of nutrition roles, and additional coordination success factors.
Executive Function, Perceived Stress, and Academic Performance Among Middle Schoolers With and Without Behavior Problems
Authors: Cumming Michelle M. , Oblath Rachel , Qiu Yuxi , Frazier Stacy L. , Zelazo Philip David , Flores Helen , Park Jeehyun
Published: June 2023

Students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) characteristically experience academic difficulties. There is growing evidence that the continuum from academic competence to underachievement is partially explained by executive function (EF; neurocognitive attention-regulation processes) and stress. Yet, there is scarce research investigating these relationships among students with or at risk for EBD, especially during the elevated stress and risk period of middle school, and particularly among racially/ethnically under-represented groups. Therefore, with 118 U.S. middle schoolers with or at risk for EBD and typical peers (70% Hispanic/Latinx; 25% Black), we examined group differences and relationships among perceived family, peer, and school stress, EF, and academic outcomes. When compared with their typical peers, students with or at risk for EBD scored lower on EF and academic tasks. For all students, higher EF predicted better academic functioning. Perceived stress was directly and negatively related with EF and indirectly associated with academic outcomes via EF.
Beneficial Effects of Two Marine Oxygen Carriers, M101 and M201, on Human Islet Quality in Hypoxic Culture Conditions
Authors: Lemaire Florent , Sigrist Séverine , Brassard Jonathan , Demini Leila , Zal Franck , Jeandidier Nathalie , Pinget Michel , Maillard Elisa
Published: June 2023

High pancreatic islet sensitivity to hypoxia is an important issue in the field of pancreatic islet transplantation. A promising strategy to improve islet oxygenation in hypoxic conditions is to leverage the properties of hemoglobin as a natural carrier of oxygen. Studies using human or bovine hemoglobin have failed to demonstrate efficacy, probably due to the molecule being unstable in the absence of protective erythrocytes. Recently, marine worm hemoglobins have been shown to be more stable and to possess higher oxygen carrier potential, with 156 oxygen binding sites per molecule compared to four in humans. Previous studies have shown the beneficial effects of two marine worm hemoglobins, M101 and M201, on nonhuman pancreatic islets. However, their effects on human islets have not been tested or compared. In this study, we assessed the impact of both molecules during human islet culture in vitro under hypoxic conditions. Human islets were exposed to both molecules for 24 h in high islet density-induced hypoxia [600 islet equivalents (IEQ)/cm²]. M101 and M201 reduced the release of hypoxic (VEGF) and apoptotic (cyt c) markers in the medium after 24-h culture. Human islet function or viability was improved in vitro in the presence of these oxygen carriers. Thus, the utilization of M101 or M201 could be a safe and easy way to improve human islet oxygenation and survival in hypoxic conditions as observed during islet culture prior to transplantation or islet encapsulation.
Moving from pathology to politicized care: Examining Black school leaders' perspectives on school discipline
Authors: Welsh Richard O. , Sobti Neha
Published: June 2023

School discipline is a significant educational policy and equity issue in K-12 education in the United States due to well-documented racial inequality in students’ disciplinary outcomes and the deleterious effects of exclusionary discipline on academic and adult outcomes. The roles and approaches of school leaders in the production of racial inequality in exclusionary discipline warrant further inquiry. In this qualitative case study, we apply the theoretical lenses of politicized caring and internalized racism to 12 semi-structured interviews with Black principals and assistant principals in an urban emergent district in Southeastern U.S. to examine how Black school leaders make sense of and address racial disparities in school discipline. The findings illustrate that Black school leaders’ disciplinary perspectives and practices are complex with four major themes emerging: (a) deficit thinking and pathologization, (b) internalized racism, (c) politicized care as a disciplinary ideology and (d) politicized care in disciplinary practice. Uplifting the voices of Black school leaders reveals the pervasive nature of racism and the complex ways in which Black educators attempt to dismantle inequitable patterns. The findings highlight the need to create unique support for Black school leaders to enhance their disciplinary practices through mentorship, coaching and professional development.
Comparison of clinical examination, doppler and fistulogram for arterio-venous fistula surveillance in detecting secondary failure
Authors: Prabhakaran Manoj , Mahapatra Himansu sekhar , Nath Ranjith kumar , Pursnani Lalit , Balakrishnan Muthukumar , Singh Anamika , Singh Amandeep , Patil Sanket , Gautam Abhisek
Published: June 2023

Background:

Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) surveillance is required to detect early dysfunction (thrombosis, stenosis) and its timely correction prolongs access-patency. Clinical examination (CE) and doppler have been used as screening/surveillance of AVF, for early detection of AVF dysfunction. Since there was inadequate evidence for KDOQI to make recommendations on AVF surveillance and on secondary failure rate. We compared CE, doppler and fistulogram as surveillance modalities in detecting a secondary failure in matured AVF.

Methodology:

This prospective-observational, single-center study, was done between December 2019-April 2021. CKD stage 5 patients on dialysis/Not-on-dialysis with matured AVF were included at third month. CE, doppler (blood flow, vein diameter, depth), and fistulogram were done at third and sixth month. Secondary failure was assessed at sixth month classifying AVF to patent/functional and failed group. Diagnostic tests were performed by comparing three methods considering fistulogram as gold-standard. Residual urine output is also monitored to look for any contrast induced residual renal function loss.

Results:

Of total 407 created AVF, 98 (24%) had primary failure. Twenty-five (6%) had surgical complications including unsuccessful AVF and aneurysm/rupture, 156 lost follow-up at third month, 104 consented patients were enrolled, 16 lost to follow-up subsequently, and 88 patients’ data were analyzed at the end. At the sixth month, 76(86.4%) had patent AVF, 8 (9.1%) had secondary failure (Thrombosis-4, Central Venous Stenosis-4), and 4 (4.1%) patients expired. Considering fistulogram as a diagnostic standard, CE showed 87.5% sensitivity, and 93.4% specificity (cohen’s kappa value of 0.66). Doppler had sensitivity and specificity of 87% and 96% respectively (cohen’s kappa value of 0.75), Combination of clinical examination with doppler showed sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 89% respectively.

Conclusion:

Although the secondary AVF failure rate is less than the primary, CE is an important and valuable tool in the diagnosis and surveillance of AVF in detecting its dysfunction. Moreover, CE with doppler can be used as a surveillance protocol that can detect early AVF dysfunction at par with Fistulogram.
Borderland negotiations of personal–professional being and belonging: A duoethnography
Authors: Rudolph Nathanael , Matsuda Aya
Published: June 2023

The following article details the authors’ dialogic exploration of the joys and tensions inscribed in their personal–professional negotiations of being and belonging within and transcending borders of ‘language’, ‘culture’, ‘identity’, ‘place’, ‘space’, ‘community’ and ‘time’, as well as in their experiences with duoethnographic inquiry. The authors dialogue, reflect upon (individually and together) and, ultimately, reconceptualize and reconstruct their borderland narratives of negotiated identity and community membership, emerging transformed by the process. The authors aim to prompt readers to engage with and reflect upon both the contents of the study as well as upon their own contexts and lived experiences, and for readers to engage with others in similar fashion.
Host country nationals’ domestic cross-cultural work experiences: A new construct and linkage to socializing behaviors toward expatriates
Authors: Wang Chun-Hsiao
Published: June 2023

There has been a growing consensus about the importance of host country nationals (HCNs) to the effectiveness of expatriates. This study adds to the knowledge base in the literature by introducing HCNs’ domestic cross-cultural work experiences (DCCWEs; i.e., experiences acquired in the home country, without leaving the country) as a construct worthy of attention and examining their relationships with HCN socializing behaviors toward expatriates. Based on two-wave survey data from 226 HCN participants who were working with at least one expatriate in his or her organization in Taiwan, this study finds that HCNs’ work assistance to expatriates increases their social support to expatriates. HCNs’ DCCWEs increase motivational cultural intelligence and work assistance to expatriates. Motivational cultural intelligence mediated the relationships between HCNs’ DCCWEs and both work assistance and social support to expatriates. More specifically, an additional analysis found that HCNs’ motivational cultural intelligence and work assistance to expatriates sequentially mediated the relationship between DCCWEs and social support to expatriates.
Differential Reinforcement Without Extinction and Stimulus Fading to Teach Tolerance of a Sleep Study
Authors: Martinez Sarah E. , Walker Seth G. , Zangrillo Amanda N. , Graham Alicia N.
Published: June 2023

There are a growing number of publications supporting behavior-analytic strategies to increase compliance with medical procedures. However, little research has been conducted on the application of applied behavior analysis to teach compliance with and completion of the setup required for an overnight sleep study (polysomnography). The client in this report presented with autism, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, strokes, and severe destructive behavior (i.e., aggression, property destruction, self-injury). These conditions combined with a poor sleep/wake schedule and gasping during the night necessitated a sleep study. The caregiver referred their child to behavioral outpatient services due to medical noncompliance and severe destructive interfering behaviors with similar procedures (e.g., failed electroencephalogram [EEG]). We evaluated the effects of differential reinforcement without extinction and stimulus fading on compliance and reduction of destructive behavior with a 25-step sleep study procedure. Our approach successfully taught tolerance of the procedure and reduced destructive behavior. The client completed the scheduled sleep study and received a diagnosis of mild obstructive sleep apnea.
Extravascular Migration of a Stentgraft Into the Bladder: A Rare Complication After Endovascular Treatment of an Arterio-Ureteral Fistula
Authors: Yamamoto Yohei , Uchiyama Hidetoshi , Oonuki Masahiro
Published: June 2023

Endovascular repair has gained acceptance for the treatment of arterio-ureteral fistula (AUF). However, data on associated postoperative complications are relatively scarce. We report the case of a 59-year-old woman with an external iliac artery (EIA)-ureteral fistula treated by endovascular stentgraft placement. Hematuria resolved after the procedure; however, occlusion of the left EIA and migration of the stentgraft into the bladder occurred 3 months postoperatively. Endovascular repair is a safe and effective method for the treatment of AUF, but it needs to be carefully followed. Extravascular migration of a stentgraft is a rare but possible complication.
Esports Gamers, Recreational Gamers, and the Active Couch Potato Lifestyle
Authors: Lepp Andrew , Dowdell Bryan , Yim Brian , Barkley Jacob E.
Published: June 2023

Esports gamers compete in sanctioned tournaments whereas recreational gamers play video games casually for fun. Research suggests exercise might benefit esports performance. Regular exercise combined with prolonged sitting while gaming may lead esports gamers to be “Active Couch Potatoes,” (highly sedentary individuals who meet physical activity guidelines). This research investigated the relationship between esports gamers (n = 304), recreational gamers (n = 229), and the Active Couch Potato lifestyle. Participants reported time spent playing video games, esports participation, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. Using established guidelines, participants were categorized as Active (sufficient exercise, not sedentary), Not Active (insufficient exercise), or Active Couch Potato (sufficient exercise, highly sedentary). ANOVA revealed no difference in time spent gaming across physical activity groups ( P = .332). Logistic regression examined relationships between physical activity groups, esports participation, sex, and age. Esports participation was the only significant predictor ( P < .001). Crosstabs with Chi-square then described this relationship in detail: in the Not Active group, 64.7% were recreational gamers, 35.3% esports gamers; in the Active group, 28.9% were recreational gamers, 71.1% esports gamers; among Active Couch Potatoes, 61.2% were recreational gamers, 38.8% esports gamers (χ2 = 65.52, Sig.<.001). Relative to recreational gamers, a significantly greater proportion of esports gamers exceeded exercise guidelines and minimized sitting.
Numerical investigation of the magnetohydrodynamic hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching surface with mixed convection: A case of strong suction
Authors: Rashid Amjid , Ayaz Muhammad , Islam Saeed
Published: June 2023

The present work explores the physical aspects of the alumina and silver nanoparticles on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of mixed convection micropolar hybrid nanofluid with ethylene glycol + water [Formula: see text] base fluid via stretching surface embedded in a porous medium. A strong magnetic field is employed normally in the flow direction. The behavior of the suction on the presented flow analysis is discussed strongly. Heat transport phenomena are analyzed. The current model’s mathematical modeling is based on higher-order nonlinear partial differential equations, which are then translated into higher-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity transformations. The modeled higher-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved using NDSolve technique. The physical significance of the different flow parameters on the velocity, microrotation, and temperature profiles of the hybrid nanofluid are described in a graphical form. In a tabular form, the skin friction coefficients for nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid against various flow parameters are calculated. Some important results from this investigation are demonstrated that the velocity of the hybrid nanofluid is higher for the stretching ratio parameter and it is detected that the suction parameter enhanced the microrotation profile of the hybrid nanofluid. From the comparison, it is noted that the velocity, microrotation, and temperature of the hybrid nanofluid are higher as compared to the velocity, microrotation, and temperature of the alumina nanofluid and silver-nanofluid.
Challenging behaviors in adults with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability: A differential analysis from a transdiagnostic approach
Authors: Álvarez-Couto María , García-Villamisar Domingo , del Pozo Araceli
Published: June 2023

This study aimed at analyzing the differences in challenging behaviors between adults with intellectual disability and ASD and those who only had intellectual disability, as well as to explore associations between transdiagnostic and clinical variables to these differences. Therapists and educators of 163 adults with intellectual disability (83 with additional ASD diagnosis) completed the test battery. Mean difference analysis and univariate analyses of covariance were performed to determine the impact of clinical variables and transdiagnostic variables on the frequency and severity of challenging behaviors. Results showed that adults with ASD and intellectual disability presented higher frequency and severity of these behaviors. A significant effect of the diagnosis of ASD on the frequency and severity of self-injuries and stereotypies was found. Also, some transdiagnostic variables influencing the presence of these behaviors were highlighted. These factors should be considered when planning and designing interventions for behavioral problems in this population.