bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological Characterization and Assessment of Genetic Variability of Tylenchulus semipenetrans Populations from Southern Iran
Authors: Rumiani Mohammad , Zouhar Miloslav , Karegar Akbar , Hamzehzarghani Habiballah , Tahmasebi Ahmad , Rashidifard Milad
Published: December 2024

Molecular data should be combined with morphological data to enhance the reliability of phylogenetic and diagnostic studies on nematodes. In this study, the citrus nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans collected from citrus orchards in different localities in Fars province, southern Iran, was characterized using the partial sequencing of ITS rDNA, D2-D3 of 28S rDNA and COI mtDNA genes. We also morphometrically characterized the second-stage juveniles (J2) and male specimens. The results showed that T. semipenetrans is a genetically homogeneous species, and only minor nucleotide differences were detected among the populations. Phylogenetic studies demonstrated that most Iranian populations were grouped together, and there were no differences among the populations. However, sequence alignment of ITS, D2-D3 of 28S rDNA and COI mtDNA revealed 17, 24, and 16 single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and 11, 12, and 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), respectively. The results of the morphometric analysis showed slight morphometric differences among and within the populations of T. semipenetrans. The morphometric differences among citrus nematode populations and the haplotype topology of the populations did not correlate with their geographical origin and host type. The constructed phylogenetic trees showed a close relationship between Tylenchulus and Trophotylenchulus. In addition, the phylogenetic relationships showed that T. musicola is the closest taxon to T. semipenetrans. The results of this study provide a better understanding of the diversity of T. semipenetrans populations and may shed light on the genetic variation of citrus nematode.
Professional Military Ethics. The Essential Foundation For Educating Future Officers In Law of Armed Conflict
Authors: Bodescu Alin
Published: December 2024

This research paper examines the critical role of professional military ethics in educating future officers in the Law of Armed Conflict (LOAC). The author argues that LOAC cannot be taught in isolation, the principles of military ethics representing the bedrock of forging and instilling a specific ethos in future officers that can help them transcend the cold letter of law in operational situations. By examining how military ethics is taught in various countries, the paper analyses the challenges in implementing a military ethics program and proposes a structured approach to military ethics education in the Romanian Land Forces Academy.
Waveform Analysis in Integrated Tactical Radio Systems
Authors: Mureşan Andreea , Bechet Paul
Published: December 2024

This article investigates the evolving requirements and challenges of modern tactical communications systems, with a particular focus on military-specific waveforms. It is imperative that these systems integrate IP technology, provide sufficient bandwidth, and maintain reliable operation in harsh environments. In designing waveforms, the key criteria include data transmission rate, coverage area, robustness and protection against jamming and detection. However, the implementation of high data transmission rates can lead to reduced coverage area, thus necessitating the use of multiple waveforms that are tailored to different operational requirements. This paper examines a part of the characteristics of narrowband and wideband waveforms operating in the frequency range from 3 MHz to 5 GHz, with channel bandwidths from 3kHz to 50 MHz and supporting data rates of up to 300 Mbps. The analysis focuses on some critical parameters, including signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate and modulation schemes, with the objective of optimizing long-distance communications and data rate between fixed and mobile points in tactical environments.
Queer Transgressive Cultural Capital in When the Moon Was Ours
Authors: Pennell Summer Melody , Matos Angel Daniel , Miller Henry "Cody"
Published: December 2024

In this article, we examine Anna-Marie McLemore’s When the Moon Was Ours (2016) through the theory of Queer Transgressive Cultural Capital. In doing so, we argue that queer and trans characters subvert existing Westernized systems of care, which are frequently reified in existing queer and trans young adult literature. We first explore how McLemore’s text uses magical realism to disrupt common trans narratives in Western contexts, in addition to exposing the norms that continue to haunt contemporary queer texts. Next, we draw from the history of trans medicine in Western contexts to examine how multiple characters in McLemore’s novel use their cultural knowledge and practices to examine their identities, think about their gender and sexuality outside of Western models of care and medicine, and challenge the normative ideals that threaten queer and trans lives, both real and fictional. Lastly, we consider When the Moon Was Ours’ potential to challenge the norms of whiteness, medicine, and the body present in the larger corpus of YA literature. We end with a consideration of the implications of teaching When the Moon Was Ours and including trans narratives in the classroom.
Obstetrician/Gynecologist Gender Preference Among the Female Population in the Western Province of Saudi Arabia.
Authors: Alghamdi Abdulrhman , ALqahtani Hassan , Alzahrani Yazeed , Alhajuj Hamzah , Qureshey Abdullah , Aljohani Faisal , Afandi Ahmad , Ghazi Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Background: The gender of an Obstetrics and gynaecology (OB-GYN) is becoming increasingly significant due to theperceived competencies each gender provides. To some, a female OB-GYN is thought to be more empathetic, while their male counterparts are considered more direct in their approach. Exploring such perceptions may aid in the effective allocation of patients to appropriate physicians and encourage more individuals of each gender to pursue a career in OB-GYN.
Methods:
An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to assess (OB-GYN) gender preference among the female population in the Western Province of Saudi Arabia. Initially, 433 females participated in the survey; of these, 390 were from the Western Province and thus eligible to complete the study. The inclusion criteria involved females aged 18 and older, excluding only those unable to provide consent.
Results:
The majority of the sample reported that their usual treating OB-GYN was female (75.96%), while 24.04% reported seeing a male OB-GYN. Furthermore, 78.4% indicated that it was their choice to see a specific OB-GYN, whereas 21.6% indicated that the choice was not theirs. Among participants who received care from an OB-GYN, 29.9% reported changing their treating OB-GYN solely based on gender, while the majority (70.01%) did not. Surprisingly, socioeconomic factors such as education, occupation, income, and insurance did not significantly influence preferences. This finding underscores the dominance of personal experiences and attitudes in OB-GYN selection.
Conclusion:
Understanding geographic, demographic, and experiential factors is essential for implementing tailored, patient-centered approaches in women's healthcare. This study provides valuable insights for healthcare practices, policy-making, and medical education by recognizing individual preferences and experiences as crucial for improving OB-GYN care quality and patient satisfaction in Saudi Arabia.
The Importance and Deficiencies of Medical Treatment Guidelines for Genetic Disorders in the Middle East Region
Authors: alfadhel Majid
Published: December 2024

There are many difficulties in managing genetic illnesses in the Middle East because of its complex genetic makeup and particular environmental conditions. Middle Eastern populations are characterized by high levels of inbreeding, large family sizes, and high mother and paternal ages. In the Middle East, genetic abnormalities are prevalent and contribute significantly to both physical and mental disabilities.
In general, there are deficiencies in public health initiatives aimed at preventing genetic and congenital illnesses, which are further limited by legal and cultural constraints.
O uso de diários nas pesquisas em educação no Brasil
Authors: Lima Costa Sandy , Maria Sabino de Farias Isabel
Published: December 2024

Objetivamos discutir sobre o uso de diários como dispositivo investigativo, com ênfase nos procedimentos de análise das narrativas desses gêneros textuais. Realizamos uma revisão teórica de artigos científicos brasileiros, sem recorte temporal, por meio de um mapeamento no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES no período de outubro a dezembro de 2023, para identificarmos embasamento teórico-metodológico sobre como realizar o processo de análise de diários. As pesquisas nacionais mapeadas datam de 2002 a 2018 e são todas publicadas em periódicos Qualis A1. Seu exame revela uso tímido dos diários como instrumento investigativo; aquelas que o adotam não explicitam o referencial teórico usado na discussão sobre eles e nem os procedimentos de análise das narrativas. Constata-se a necessidade de uma fundamentação mais específica e maior clareza na utilização e análise de diários em pesquisas científicas brasileiras em Educação.
Contribution to the knowledge of larval chaetotaxy of the genus Berosus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae)
Authors: ARCHANGELSKY Miguel
Published: December 2024

The primary and secondary chaetotaxy of the larval head capsule and head appendages of eight New World species of Berosus Leach (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae), are described for the first time, together with detailed illustrations of all characters. The chaetotaxy of these eight species is compared to that of other known Berosus larvae. Larval chaetotaxy of Berosus appears to be very stable and chaetotaxic characters separating species are very subtle. Those chaetotaxic characters which are informative to distinguish among species or groups of species are discussed.
Impacts of legume and cereal based artificial diets on development and reproductive parameters of the armyworm Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: SARWAR Muhammad , SHAD Naveed Akhtar , AKRAM Saba
Published: December 2024

The development of a viable mass-production technique for the generalist herbivore Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), using various artificial diets, is crucial for conducting experiments to study its biology and propose control methods. This study aims to investigate the developmental biology of S. litura fed on three distinct diets: two legume-based diets (chickpea flour, Cicer arietinum L. and common bean flour, Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and a cereal-based diet (corn flour, Zea mays L.). Results on various developmental parameters and total life cycle durations indicated that the chickpea and bean-based diets yielded the superior outcomes, with shorter developmental periods (29.74 and 30.73 days, respectively) compared to the corn flour diet (33.10 days). Growth parameters derived from life tables, such as the net reproductive rate (Ro), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and finite rate of increase (λ), were also higher on chickpea and bean-based diets than the corn flour diet. These results suggest that legumes such as chickpeas and beans, which are rich in vegetable proteins, fibers, carbohydrates and essential minerals, provide a higher-quality nutritional foundation for the growth of S. litura compared to corn-based diet. Furthermore, these diets are suitable for understanding the phenology of S. litura, especially in relation to the nutritional variations of its host plants.
Diversity of bees during flowering of onion crops in a xeric envi-ronment
Authors: RAMELLO Pablo J. , ALMADA Valentín , CUESTA Graciela , ALVAREZ Leopoldo  J. , AGUIRRE Marina S. , CHANCAY Nahuel , ESTRAVIS‑BARCALA María C. , LUCIA Mariano
Published: December 2024

The study of bee species present in agricultural landscapes is necessary to identify potential crop pollina-tors and promote the ecosystem services they provide. Bee community studies are the first step to know the bee species in a given area, as well as their abundance and activity periods. The aim of this research was to identify bee species as potential pollinators of onion crops in a xeric area of Argentina (San Juan province). Specimens were captured with elevated pan traps during flowering of onion crops, and the bee community was characterized by functional traits such as body size, nesting biology, and sociality. Additionally, we stud-ied the period of activity for each species in relation to the peak of onion blossom. Traps collected a total of 1,765 individuals and 55 species/morphospecies of bees were identified, reporting 21 new records for San Juan province. The most abundant species were Apis mellifera L. and two species of Lasioglossum (Dialic-tus) Robertson. The bee community was characterized by a great richness of species of small and very small size, with a preference for nesting below ground and solitary behavior. Among wild bees, genus La-sioglossum Curtis showed a high diversity (richness and abundance) during onion flowering. Future studies are needed to determine their contribution to the pollination of this crop. In this study, we highlight the diver-sity of wild bees present during onion flowering in a xeric environment and its importance for future ecolog-ical, conservation, and pollination studies.
POTENCIAL TERAPÊUTICO DA PLINIA CAULIFLORA
Authors: Perin Eduarda Oliveira , Freitas Livia Nogueira de , Tavares Thayna Monteiro , Boleta Ceranto Heloisa , Paganini Carla Roseane Zanfrilli , Zardeto Giuliana , Boleta-Ceranto Daniela de Cassia Faglioni
Published: December 2024

A Plinia cauliflora, popularmente conhecida como jabuticaba, é produzida por uma árvore nativa do Brasil, pertencente à família Myrtaceae. O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão narrativa sobre os efeitos terapêuticos da Plinia cauliflora. Para isso, o estudo foi baseado na seleção de 14 artigos pertencentes às bases de dados PubMed, Google Acadêmico e SciELO, publicados no período de 2009-2013. Os bioativos da jabuticaba incluem uma variedade de compostos, como antocianinas, taninos, flavonoides, vitaminas, como a vitamina C e minerais. Esses componentes conferem à fruta suas propriedades nutricionais e antioxidantes, que podem ajudar na proteção contra danos celulares causados pelos radicais livres. Além disso, a presença de bioativos pode contribuir por suas propriedades anti-inflamatórias e potencial benefício para a saúde cardiovascular. Apesar de a literatura apresentar vários trabalhos comprovando a segurança e a efetividade da planta em diferentes situações clínicas, desde alterações cardiovasculares à proteção óssea, estudos são necessários para entender completamente o seu potencial terapêutico.
IMPACTO E EFICIÊNCIA DA OZONIOTERAPIA NA REPARAÇÃO TECIDUAL: PROPRIEDADES BIOLÓGICAS, MECANISMOS DE AÇÃO E APLICAÇÕES CLÍNICAS
Authors: Archangelo Fatima Marrach , Fornseca Allyson Henrique de Andrade , Marrach Eduardo , Giro Gabriela
Published: December 2024

A ozonioterapia é uma modalidade terapêutica que utiliza o ozônio sistemicamente ou de forma tópica para o tratamento de diversas afecções. A possibilidade de modulação imunoinflamatória e estimuladora do metabolismo celular, além de suas características antimicrobianas, antivirais, anti-parasitárias, anti-fúngicas tornam a terapia com ozônio atrativa tanto para o campo da Medicina quanto para a Odontologia. Desta forma, o objetivo desta revisão narrativa foi abordar e esclarecer as propriedades biológicas, os mecanismos de ação e as principais aplicações clínicas do ozônio e sua real eficácia, apontando as limitações de uso. Conclui-se que a ozonioterapia é uma abordagem coadjuvante eficaz e promissora, porém ainda existe necessidade de desenvolvimento de protocolos específicos, assim como o esclarecimento do seu uso em determinadas áreas.
SISTEM PERHITUNGAN PENDAPATAN BUS TRANS METRO BANDUNG BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS
Authors: Fitriyanti Nurwulan
Published: December 2024

Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi Trans Metro Bandung (TMB) yaitu penghitungan pendapatan masih dilakukan secara manual, TMB sudah pernah menerapkan system barcode untuk pembayaran hanya saja tidak digunakan secara optimal dikarenakan keterbatasan perangkat yang dimiliki oleh penumpang serta kurangnya pemahaman terkait penggunaan system barcode. Penelitian ini menawarkan solusi dengan menggunakan sensor GPS untuk mengetahui posisi Bus, kemudian untuk medeteksi naik-turun penumpang pada pintu bus dengan tujuan mengetahui jumlah penumpang di dalam bus menggunakan sebuah USB Camera, sehingga perhitungan revenue diperoleh dengan benar. Kontribusi penelitian ini yaitu berupa alat dan aplikasi yang diimplementasikan secara langsung pada TMB. Metode yang digunakan adalah deteksi objek dan Internet of Things dimana keluar masuk penumpang di deteksi serta hasil Revenue harian dikirimkan kepada smartphone stakeholder. Hasil pengujian pada proses deteksi penumpang naik diperoleh akurasi sebesar 90% dan penumpang turun sebesar 80%. Performansi jaringan diperoleh nilai rata-rata throughput sebesar 19.883 bps, dan pengujian rata-rata delay yaitu sebesar 79.110 ms. Aplikasi pada Smartphone dapat menampilkan posisi bus yang tersinkron pada google map, jumlah penumpang yang  berada di bus secara real time, serta total jumlah penumapang yang dalam satu hari. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian disimpulkan bahwa system Revenue yang dibuat baik dan telah diterapkan di TMB.
MY IMAGE OF THE UNIFIED KNOWLEDGE
Authors:   Nizhny Tagil State Socio-Pedagogical Institute (branch) Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University, Nizhny Tagil, Russia, Ryltsev E. V.
Published: December 2024

The knowledge acquired by Mankind does not represent a single whole. Contradictions between religious and philosophical teachings and scientific theories exacerbate the already tense relations that, as a rule, develop between peoples, states and powerful organizations. The elimination of these contradictions is not a sufficient, but a necessary condition for building a just society on Earth, which will include all the peoples of the Earth. This task is very relevant for all progressive Mankind, has great practical significance. The purpose of the article is to contribute to the elimination of these contradictions. For thousands of years, the great minds of Mankind have strived to unite various parts of disparate knowledge. But Humanity is capable of building a Unified Knowledge – a system of knowledge composed of harmoniously connected true elements of religious and philosophical teachings and scientific theories created by all the peoples of the world throughout the history of Humanity. It should include the greatest religious ideas, the theory of knowledge, ontology, logic, fundamental ideas of physics, astronomy, chemistry, biology, geology and other similar important areas of knowledge. A special methodology is needed to build a Unified Knowledge. One of the options for such a methodology may be symphonics, the foundations of which were proposed by Daniil Valentinovich Pivovarov and his student, the author of this article. According to the author, in order to build a Unified Knowledge, one should strive to unite Christian and pagan teachings, mystical ideas about the structure of the World and classical ontology, ideas about the structure of matter in etherodynamics and ideas about particles of matter as living beings, achievements of modern astronomy and ancient astrology, achievements of modern chemistry and ancient alchemy, ideas about the evolution of the organic world and the Spiritual Hierarchy and other seemingly incompatible areas of knowledge. The main result of the article is the desire to unite the listed branches of knowledge into a single harmonious whole, which represents the scientific novelty of the study. The author of the article believes that in the future, a Unified Knowledge will be formed. This process will be very long. Many thousands of people will take part in such a grandiose work. But an individual is able to form in his consciousness a small part of the grandiose Unified Knowledge, its image. The author of the article offers such an image formed in his consciousness.
MODELING THE CAPACITY OF A SECTION OF THE ROAD NETWORK, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE FORMATION OF GROUPS OF VEHICLES
Authors:   South Ural State University (national research university), Chelyabinsk, Russia, Asfur H. M. A. , Goryaev N. K. ,   South Ural State University (national research university), Chelyabinsk, Russia, Rassokha V. I. ,   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2024

The transport systems of modern cities largely determine the quality of life of the urban population. Increasing the role of urban public passenger transport, increasing the volume of traffic carried out by this type of transport, is traditionally considered as one of the ways to reduce the severity of urban transport problems. In this regard, a study aimed at improving the productivity of urban passenger transport, including by increasing the capacity of urban transport infrastructure, is relevant. Based on the relevance of the topic under consideration and approaches that ensure an increase in the productivity of passenger transport systems with a minimum amount of investment, the purpose of the study is formulated: improving the efficiency of public urban passenger transport through the implementation of measures to increase the capacity of the most critical sections of the road network. To develop measures that form the conditions for organizing the movement of passenger vehicles, a mathematical model of the capacity of a section of the street and road network has been developed, which allows to identify a combination of transport infrastructure parameters ensuring its maximum value. The developed model differs from the known analogues by taking into account the process of spontaneous formation of groups of passenger vehicles and the realization of the possibility of their synchronous interaction with the platforms of the stopping point. Based on the simulation results, the dependences of the capacity of a section of the street and road network with a dedicated lane for passenger vehicles on the parameters of traffic light regulation and the number of landing sites at the stop point were determined. The integrated application of the data obtained allows us to determine the balanced parameters of stopping points and traffic lights that ensure maximum throughput of the site under consideration. The developed mathematical model and the dependencies obtained with its help constitute the points of scientific novelty of the performed research. The developed theoretical provisions, the mathematical model formed on their basis and the obtained dependencies together can be considered as a tool for determining the optimal parameters of urban transport infrastructure, which is the practical significance of the results obtained. One of the promising directions for the development of the proposed approach is to expand the scope of its application by developing an add-on that ensures its implementation for the case of passenger vehicles moving in the general flow outside the allocated lane.
FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF ROADSIDE PARKING SPACE
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russia, Boyarshinov M. G. , Shchukin Yu. A. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University; Perm Directorate of Road Traffic, Perm, Russia
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to investigate the natural quantitative characteristics of the functioning of a roadside (linear) parking area: the number of parking sessions, the occupancy of the parking space, the distribution of storage periods, the intensity of entry and exit of cars, the turnover of parking spaces, etc. The object of the study is the processes of functioning of a roadside parking lot located near an educational institution (school). The subject of the study is the features of the functioning of a parking space of this type. In contrast to well-known publications, the evolution of key indicators of roadside parking is considered, that is, their dependence on the time (quarter) of the year. Observations were carried out continuously for a week both in spring (April) and summer (July), autumn (October) and winter (February). The data for the study were obtained using the stationary measuring software and hardware complex «Azimuth DT», which monitors the movement of vehicles in the parking area continuously throughout the entire observation period. Digital processing of video recording data of cars entering and leaving the parking lot allowed us to establish that almost all the determined quantitative characteristics of the parking space are not constant and depend on the season, which must be taken into account when placing, planning and organizing the functioning of the parking area. It is noted that the specific generation of correspondence and the required number of parking spaces near the centers of mass gravity are sensitive to the characteristics of the urban area and, apparently, vary greatly across the regions of the country. The indicators obtained for urbanized areas of other countries are unique and are not applicable for practical use in Russia. It is advisable to extend the experience and methodology of studying the parking space to the study of the performance indicators of flat, including intercepting, and multi-level parking lots.
Desempeño ocupacional realizante: un modelo sobre los propósitos de la terapia ocupacional
Authors: Trujillo Rojas Alicia
Published: December 2024

El modelo Desempeño Ocupacional Realizante (D.O.R.) es una forma humanista- existencial de concebir el dominio de estudio de la terapia ocupacional como el actuar ocupacional, a través del cual la persona tiende a su realización. Se postula que en el actuar para la propia realización, facilitado por organización, integración y productividad, radica el propósito más alto de las ocupaciones de autocuidado, juego y trabajo. Las personas requieren terapia ocupacional cuando por motivos personales, de oportunidades ocupaciones o deficiencias del contexto se afecta la condición realizante del desempeño ocupacional. Por tanto, se propone al terapeuta ocupacional que examine esta perspectiva conceptual. La realización no es un punto de llegada; se le entiende como un horizonte al que tiende la persona y al que se acerca en grados relativos, según sea la dinámica de su propio desempeño realizante. Un pensamiento que sintetiza la posición de este artículo es el expresado por Dag Hammarskjold cuando afirma que: "En nuestra era, el camino de la felicidad pasa necesariamente por el mundo de la acción".
Localization of Disulfide Bonds in Ribonuclease Using Low pH Trypsin and LC-ESI-QTOF-MS
Authors: Bornex Amélie , Miladinović Saša M.
Published: December 2024

We evaluated a method to localize disulfide bonds in bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase) by applying low pH trypsin protein digestion with a bottom-up LC-ESI-QTOF-MS approach. The goal was to minimize disulfide bond scrambling during sample preparation. By using N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) for alkylation of free cysteines, we achieved 92% sequence coverage and successfully identified the native disulfide bonds between specific cysteine residues. However, scrambled disulfide bonds were also observed. Our results indicate that while this low pH digestion method helps preserve native disulfide bonds, further refinement is needed to fully prevent disulfide bond rearrangement during sample preparation.
From Lab to Production: Event Series on Insights into Process Chemistry
Authors: Brändli Urs , Cvengros Jan , Hildbrand Stefan , Künzle Niklaus , Marty Maurus
Published: December 2024

As process chemistry is rarely included in university curricula, experts from Swiss companies pass on their experience to students at various levels.
Protein Engineering and Directed Evolution for Nanocarrier Innovation
Authors: Steinauer Angela
Published: December 2024

The design of nonviral protein-based delivery systems has gained significant attention as an alternative to viral vectors and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for gene therapy. While viral vectors offer efficient gene delivery, they present challenges such as immunogenicity and size limitations. LNPs, though pivotal in recent advancements like messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based vaccines, cause inflammation and exhibit low endosomal escape efficiency. This article explores the development of engineered nonviral protein cages through rational design and directed evolution as an additional nanocarrier option for RNA packaging and delivery. We highlight key advances, including the design and evolution of capsidforming proteins capable of encapsulating and protecting their own encoding mRNA, a critical step in establishing a genotype-phenotype link for evolutionary optimization. Evolved protein cages, such as the I53-50-v4 and NC-4 variants, demonstrate enhanced stability and RNA protection, achieving structural transformations and packaging efficiencies akin to viral systems. The application of directed evolution has expanded the capacity of these nanocarriers enhancing their in vivo stability and biodistribution. This work underscores the potential of evolving nonviral capsids to become customizable platforms for therapeutic gene delivery, while also addressing current limitations in RNA cargo size and tissue targeting specificity. Future directions involve refining these systems to accommodate larger RNAs, and improving immunogenicity properties and dynamic control over cargo release.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ТЕПЛОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ И ТЕРМОМЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК СЛОИСТОГО ТЕРМОЭЛЕМЕНТА
Authors: Магомадов Р. А-М. , Евдулов О.В. , Казумов Р.Ш. , Дудаев М.М.
Published: December 2024

В работе рассмотрена модель слоистого термоэлемента. Модель дает возможность исследовать происходящие в нем теплофизические и термомеханические процессы на основе решения нестационарного уравнения теплопроводности, уравнений равновесия и Дюгамеля-Неймана для многослойной системы с применением численного метода решения дифференциальных уравнений. Результаты расчетов представлены в виде графиков изменения температуры, деформаций и термомеханических напряжений в различных точках термоэлемента.

The paper considers a model of a layered thermoelement. The model makes it possible to study the thermophysical and thermomechanical processes occurring in it based on the solution of the nonstationary heat equation, equilibrium equations and Duhamel-Neumann equations for a multilayer system using a numerical method for solving differential equations. The calculation results are presented in the form of graphs of changes in temperature, strains and thermomechanical stresses at various points of the thermocouple.
КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ - ОСНОВА УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМОЙ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ
Authors: А.С. Гинзбург , Г.Н. Кекелидзе , Н.В. Шнипко
Published: December 2024

В статье обсуждаются возможности использования климатических ресурсов регионов России для устойчивого развития возобновляемой энергетики. Описаны основные виды климатических ресурсов и методы использования их в качестве возобновляемых источников энергии. Приведены примеры проектов по развитию систем энергоснабжения для отдаленных и изолированных территорий на базе возобновляемых источников энергии.

The possibilities of using the climate resources of Russian regions for the sustainable development of renewable energy are discussed in this article. The main types of climate resources and methods of using them as renewable energy sources are described. The examples of projects for development of energy supply systems for remote and isolated territories based on renewable energy sources are given.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТИ СУММ АТМОСФЕРНЫХ ОСАДКОВ НА ГОРНОЙ ТЕРРИТОРИИ КАРАЧАЕВО-ЧЕРКЕСИИ С 1960 ПО 2016 гг
Authors: Е.А. Корчагина
Published: December 2024

На основе статистической обработки данных метеостанций Клухорский перевал и Шаджатмаз исследованы характеристики динамики интервальных рядов средних годовых и сезонных сумм атмосферных осадков в горной зоне Карачаево-Черкесской Республики. Выделенные линейные тренды обладают слабой устойчивостью и статистически незначимы. При этом значимость тенденции роста сумм осенних осадков на Клухорском перевале в 1960-2016 гг. и снижения летних на Шаджатмазе в 1976-2016 гг. близка к пороговой, что делает оценку для этих рядов ненадежной.

The characteristics of dynamics of interval ranks of the average annual and seasonal sums of an atmospheric precipitation in a mountain zone of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic are explored on the basis of statistical data processing of meteorological stations the Klukhorsky pass and Shadzhatmaz. The linear trends have weak stability and statistically aren’t significant. At the same time the importance of a growth tendency of the autumn sums on the Klukhorsky pass in 1960-2016 and decrease summer on Shadzhatmaz in 1976-2016 is close to threshold that does assessment for these ranks unreliable.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЦИРКУЛЯЦИИ АТМОСФЕРЫ ПРИ ОПАСНЫХ ПРИРОДНЫХ ПРОЦЕССАХ В ГОРАХ КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Н.В. Пиманкина , Н.К. Кононова
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрены экстремальные события (сели, паводки), связанные с погодными экстремумами (главным образом экстремальными осадками) теплого периода в горах Казахстана, и их связь с макроциркуляционными процессами. Циркуляция атмосферы рассмотрена в типизации Б.Л. Дзердзеевского. Информация об экстремальных событиях взята из наблюдений сотрудников Института географии и МЧС Казахстана. Результаты исследования показали, что смена циркуляционных эпох существенно не повлияет на повторяемость селей и паводков в горах Казахстана.

In the article the emergence events (mudflows, flash floods) connected with the weather extremes (mainly, with extraordinary atmospheric precipitation) in the mountains of Kazakhstan are considered in relation to macro-circulation processes. The B. Dzerdzeevskiy typification of atmospheric circulation was used. Description of emergence events were obtained from the direct observations of the Institute of Geography and Dept of Emergency Situations, Kazakhstan. Results of the study show that the change in circulation epochs has not significant influence on the recurrence of mudflows and flash floods in the mountains of Kazakhstan.
КУЛЬТУРНЫЙ ТУРИЗМ КАК ФАКТОР РАЗВИТИЯ ГОРНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ
Authors: С.П. Калита
Published: December 2024

В статье предпринята попытка культурологического анализа развития туризма на горных территориях. Показано, что туризм может стать эффективной стратегией экономики горных территорий, обозначены как преимущества развития туризма на конкретной территории, так и возможные негативные последствия. Рассмотрены виды туризма, потенциально перспективные для горных территорий. Акцентировано внимание на культурно-природных и архитектурно-природных ландшафтах как объектах туристического показа.

The article attempts to culturological analysis of tourism development in mountain areas. It is shown that tourism can be an effective strategy of the economy of mountain areas, identified as the advantages of tourism development in a particular area, and possible negative consequences. The types of tourism, potentially promising for mountain areas, are considered. The attention is focused on cultural, natural and architectural landscapes as objects of tourist display.
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКОЙ СИТУАЦИИ В РСО-АЛАНИЯ КАК МЕХАНИЗМ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ТЕРРИТОРИИ
Authors: А.А. Кучмасова
Published: December 2024

Одним из этапов формирования стратегии устойчивого развития территории является определение доминирующих тенденций демографического развития. В статье рассмотрены особенности современной демографической ситуации в Республике Северная Осетия - Алания. Сделан анализ демографических процессов. Определены проблемы, требующие комплексного решения. Представлены рекомендации для улучшения демографической ситуации в Северной Осетии, среди которых создание экспертного демографического совета, формирование региональной демографической политики и др.

One of the stages of the formation of a strategy for sustainable development of the territory is to determine the dominant trends in demographic development. The article considers the features of the modern demographic situation in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. The analysis of demographic processes is made. Problems that require a comprehensive solution are identified. Recommendations are presented for improving the demographic situation in North Ossetia, including the creation of an expert demographic council, the formation of a regional demographic policy, etc.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРАКТИК ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРОГРАММ РАЗВИТИЯ ГОРНЫХ ПОСЕЛЕНИЙ В КАБАРДИНО-БАЛКАРИИ И АДЖАРИИ: ФОРМА ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ С МЕСТНЫМИ СООБЩЕСТВАМИ
Authors: А.М. Чеченов , Л. Наталия , М.З. Шогенов
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена одной из актуальнейших проблем современности - особенностям практик реализации государственных программ развития и взаимодействия государства с местными сообществами в горных поселениях Кабардино-Балкарии и Аджарии. Проблемы развития горных территорий в двух регионах рассматриваются в тесном взаимодействии с проблемами взаимодействия государства с местным населением. Рассматриваются различные реакции локальных сообществ на программы развития их способности адаптироваться к инновациям. Ставится проблема ответственности государства перед обществом.

Article is devoted to one of the most actual problems of contemporaneity - to the features of practices of realization of the government programs of development and cooperation of the state with local associations in the mountain settlements of Kabarda-Balkaria and Adzharia. Problems of development mountain to territory in two regions examined in the close co-operating with the problems of cooperation of the state with a local population. The different reactions of local associations are examined on the programs of developing their flair to adapt oneself to the innovations. The problem of responsibility of the state is put before society.
ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЗАБРОШЕННЫХ ГОРНЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВ В ГОРАХ
Authors: Ю.И. Караев , Х.С. Хосаев , В.В. Розовенко , К.Т. Хасиев
Published: December 2024

Представленная работа является продолжением исследований в области горного природопользования и статьи «Проблемы развития территорий с горнодобывающими и перерабатывающими предприятиями» [2]. Доклад на эту тему был представлен на VII Всероссийской научно-технической конференции «Современные проблемы геологии, геофизики и геоэкологии Северного Кавказа» в 2017 г. В работе дана характеристика проблем, связанных с состоянием окружающей среды в районах, где раньше функционировали горнодобывающие и горно-перерабатывающие предприятия. В связи с тем, что аналогичные проблемы имеют место быть и в других регионах, в данной работе описываются наиболее характерные из них.

The presented work is the result of the research continued in the field of mountain nature management and the article «Problems of development of areas with mining and processing enterprises» [2]. The report on this topic was presented at the 2017 VII all-Russian scientific and technical conference on «Modern problems of geology, geophysics and geoecology of North Caucasus». The paper describes the problems related to environmental conditions in areas where previously mining and processing enterprises used to function. Due to the fact that similar problems occur in other regions, this paper describes the most typical of them.
РАЗВИТИЕ ЭРОЗИОННО-СЕЛЕВЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ У Н.П. ЗАЮКОВО (ЛЕВЫЙ БЕРЕГ Р. БАКСАН)
Authors: К.А. Гегиев , З.Ж. Гергокова , М.Т. Анаев , Х.А. Анахаев
Published: December 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются нарушения целостности склона антропогенного характера (при прокладке дорог к туфовому карьеру, устройство площадок для известкового завода и др.), которые могут привести к дальнейшей активизации склоновых (эрозионно-селевых) процессов с опасной концентрацией водного стока. Приведены методы прогнозных гидрологических расчетов возможного формирования максимального дождевого стока (расхода) на исследуемой территории склона.

This article examines the violation of the integrity of the slope of the anthropogenic character (when laying roads to tuff quarry, construction sites for a lime plant, etc.), which can lead to further activation of slope (erosion-mudflow) processes with a dangerous concentration of water runoff. The methods of the forecast of hydrological calculations are possible for the formation of maximum rainfall (expense’s) in the study area slope.
МАССОВЫЙ СХОД ЛАВИН В МАРТЕ 2018 ГОДА В ПРИЭЛЬБРУСЬЕ КАБАРДИНО-БАЛКАРСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Р.Г. Мискарова , М.Д. Докукин
Published: December 2024

В статье оценены масштабы массового схода лавин 24 марта 2018 года. В результате маршрутного обследования выявлены отложения лавин, сошедших в марте 2018 года в долине р. Баксан на участке от Поляны Азау до устья р. Адыр-Су. Сравнительное дешифрирование разновременных космоснимков Sentinel 2А позволило определить количество лавин и площадь их отложений. До и после массового схода лавин отмечены лавины, вызванные активными воздействиями. Объёмы отложений лавин достигали и превышали 100000м3 . На Поляне Азау мокрой лавиной были повреждены автомобили. Причиной массового схода лавин было аномальное количество осадков в период с 21 по 25 марта (около 200мм).

High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, Nalchik, Russia The scale of massive avalanches on March 24, 2018 is estimated in this work. The examination of a route showed deposits of avalanches that descended in March 2018, in the valley of the river Baksan in the area from the Polyana Azau to the mouth of the river Adyr-Su. Comparative interpretation of the Sentinel 2A space images at different times allowed to determine the number of avalanches and the area of their deposits. Before and after a mass avalanche, avalanches were caused by active influences. The volume of avalanche deposits reached and exceeded 100,000 m3 . Multiple vehicles were damaged by an avalanche in the Azau Polyana. The reason for the mass avalanche was an anomalous amount of precipitation in the period from 21st to 25th of March (about 200 mm).
К ВОПРОСУ РАЗРАБОТКИ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ДЛЯ НАКОПИТЕЛЬНЫХ КОНВЕЙЕРОВ С РЕГЛАМЕНТИРОВАННЫМ ДИАПАЗОНОМ ФРИКЦИОННЫХ СВОЙСТВ
Authors: Д. К-С. Батаев , У. Гойтемиров , Ш.И. Апкаров , М.В. Эдилсултанова
Published: December 2024

При разработке композиционных материалов с высокой усталостной износостойкостью был исследован механизм реализации механохимического блокирования усталостных трещин в фрикционном материале. В исследованиях использовались метод электронной микроскопии и рентгенографический метод. В результате проведенных исследований разработан полимерный композиционный материал Маслянит Ф для конвейеров с регламентированным по максимуму и минимуму коэффициентом трения. Показано, что модифицирующие наполнители на 20-25% повышают кристаллическую фазу полимера, что обусловливает повышение его износостойкости.

The mechanism of realization of mechanochemical blocking of fatigue cracks in a friction material was investigated when developing composite materials with high fatigue wear resistance,. The method of electron microscopy and x-ray method The studies is used in this researches. As a result of the research, a polymer composite material, Maslyanit F, has been developed for conveyors with a coefficient of friction regulated by the maximum and minimum. It is shown that modifying fillers increase the crystalline phase of the polymer by 20-25%, which leads to an increase in its wear resistance.
Изучение ИСТОЧНИКов ОБСИДИАНА РАННЕБРОНЗОВОГО ПОСЕЛЕНИЯ ГЕГАРОТ МЕТОДОМ ПОРТАТИВНОЙ РЕНТГЕННОЙ ФЛУРЕСЦЕНЦИИ (PXRF)
Authors: Джугарян А.К.
Published: December 2024

Cтатья посвящена изучению источников обсидиана Армении и распространению их сырья, в частности на раннебронзовом поселении Гегарот. В последнее время портативный рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ стал одним из самых применяемых и практичных методов для изучения вулканического стекла. Для проведения анализа образцов и был использован спектрометр на данной основе. Сырьевая база работы представлена в общей сложности 308 образцами обсидиана, выявленными в ходе работ, проведенных экспедиций «ArAGATS Project». Исходя из полученных результатов будет выявлена модель утилизации источников обсидиана и определен ее характер.

This article is devoted to the study of Armenian obsidian sources and distribution of it’s raw material at early bronze settlement Gegharot. During recent years, the most effective and practical method for volcanic glass sourcing is the Portable X-ray fluorescence. To carry out qualitative and quantitative element analysis of the samples, a portable X-ray fluorescence method was used. The material base of the paper is represented by a total of 308 samples of obsidian discovered within expedition «Project Aragats». Based on the results obtained, a model for the utilization of obsidian sources will be identified and its character will be determined.
НЕКОТОРЫЕ ЭКОЛОГО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ И РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ ЛИЧИНОК СТРЕКОЗ РОДА ORTHETRUM NEWMAN В КАБАРДИНО-БАЛКАРИИ
Authors: Козьминов С.Г. , Булатова З.А.
Published: December 2024

Исследованы некоторые эколого-биологические особенности, распространение личинок стрекоз рода Orthetrum Newman. Определено видовое многообразие, состав сообщества и влияние на него комплекса факторов среды. Основу сообщества личинок стрекоз рода определяет O. albistylum Selys. Личинки стрекоз предпочитают водные хорошо прогреваемые биотопы, сочетающие илистые и детритные участки грунта, как с присутствием водной растительности, так и с полным ее отсутствием. Такой комплекс с наличием кормовой базой создает благоприятные условия для обитания личинок стрекоз рода Orthetrum Newman.

Some ecological and biological features, distribution of larvae of dragonflies of the genus Orthetrum Newman are investigated. The species diversity, composition of the community and the influence of a complex of environmental factors on it are determined. The basis of the community of larvae of dragonflies of the genus is determined by O. albistylum Selys. The larvae of dragonflies prefer a well-warmed water habitats, combining muddy and detrital areas of soil as the presence of aquatic vegetation, and with its complete absence. Such a complex with a forage base, creates favorable conditions for the larvae of dragonflies of the genus Orthetrum Newman.
Authors: Sheremetov I.M. , Arustamyan A.E.
Published: December 2024

When defining strength capacity of bottom soils according to the cone penetration test data, it is necessary to extend the range of the deformation modulus values due to involvement of deep stratifications. During the field tests, alluvial sand soils of southern regions of Russia demonstrate the values of cone penetration resistance that exceed the values tabulated in the reference documentation. As part of the present paper, a logarithmic graph for extrapolation of values of the soil deformation modulus was plotted. Application of the dependence obtained for a prediction analysis of piled foundations at regional construction sites will enable correlation between the calculated values of load capacity and the actual data.

Необходимость расширения диапазона значений модуля деформации, при определении прочностных характеристик грунтов основания, по данным статического зондирования, обусловлена вовлечением в работу залегающих на больших глубинах напластований. Аллювиальные песчаные грунты Астраханской области в ходе полевых испытаний часто демонстрируют значения удельного сопротивления грунта под конусом зонда, выходящие за величины, табулированные в нормативной документации. В рамках данной работы был построен логарифмический график для экстраполяции значений модуля деформации грунта. Применение полученной зависимости, для прогнозных расчётов свайных фундаментов на региональных строительных площадках, обеспечит возможность корреляции расчётных значений несущей способности и фактических данных.