bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of the Stress Sources and Coping Styles of the Students Majoring in Pre-school Education in Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Liang Dongliang , Lai Xionglin
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Internship is an effective transition for students to enter society and work posts. Through internship, students can be helped to understand their own shortcomings, recognize the forthcoming workplace environment, and make timely preparations. Methods: To strengthen
the follow-up inspection and supervision of the internship process, and increase the investment in the internship funds, effectively improve the level of internship guidance. Results: Through a questionnaire survey of pre-school education students in a higher vocational college, the
problems of pre-school education students in the process of practice are sorted out and analyzed. The research shows that the pre-school students in vocational education are the research subjects and explore the source of stress in practice. Conclusion: The research shows that the stressors
and internship pressure of pre-school teachers are controlled by the work control experience; the interaction pressure source and work control experience have significant interactions in the practice pressure. Students should be prepared for the internship, actively reserve the theoretical
knowledge needed, and develop a clear career plan. Successfully completed the internship teaching session.
On the Strategies of College Students’ Entrepreneurial Mental Health Education from the Perspective of Positive Psychology
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Entrepreneurship education is one of the contents of higher education, which aims to cultivate college students’ entrepreneurial consciousness and ability, and its core is to cultivate college students’ entrepreneurial quality. Methods: Positive
psychology is directed at the traditional “negative psychology”, which advocates studying the positive qualities of human beings, fully tapping the inherent, potential and constructive forces of human beings, and promoting the development of individuals and society. Results:
Healthy family, good living environment, positive social environment and harmonious learning environment all play an important role in positive psychology. Government policy support objectively provides guarantee for college students’ entrepreneurial practice, while psychological support
subjectively provides guarantee for college students’ entrepreneurial practice. Conclusion: Healthy family, good living environment, positive social environment and harmonious learning environment all play an important role in positive psychology. Government policy support objectively
provides guarantee for college students’ entrepreneurial practice, while psychological support subjectively provides guarantee for college students’ entrepreneurial practice.
Unconsummated Marriage (“Honeymoon Impotence”): 25 years’ Experience with 871 Couples, in Kermanshah, Iran.
Authors: Kazcmi Elham , Fatahi Dchpahni Mozhgan , Kaboudi Marzieh , Mahaki Behzad , Mohammadian Youkhabeh
Published: December 2021

Background: Unconsummated marriage (UCM) is a condition in which the first coitus in a marriage has not occurred in “due time” and thus the bride remains a virgin. UCM, which occurs early in married life, can sometimes last for years and have significant negative
effects on a couple’s sexual satisfaction. Here we report our experience with 871 couples in Kermanshah, Iran.Methods: Electronic medical records of couples with UCM, seen by Zargooshi from 1996 to 2021, were reviewed. Some patients whose data were reported in our previous
articles at 2000 and 2008, were not included here. For transparency, we voluntarily sent the full identifying data of our patients to the Journal during the first submission of the manuscript.Results: Associated conditions include erectile dysfunction (49.8%), premature ejaculation
(14.6%), male hypoactive sexual desire disorder (7.2%), and vaginismus (12.5%). Intracavernosal injection (ICI) was used as the treatment of choice. The consummation rate was 95.1%. We used ICI in presence of vaginismus, too. It may appear “ungentle” to approach the vaginismus
this way. However, the couples preferred this expeditious treatment over a time-consuming, and ineffective alternative.Conclusions: In most cases, UCM is due to psychogenic ED, for which ICI (not psychological interventions) is the best treatment because the typical couples who
present with UCM are noncompliant with time-consuming treatments. Therefore, the most effective treatment was intracavernosal injection and then the administration of type 5 phosphodiesterase drugs and the most ineffective treatment was psychological counseling.
Predictive Algorithm for Handover Decisions between LTE and LTE-A Networks
Authors: Benaatou Wafa , Latif Adnane , Pla Vicent
Published: December 2021

A heterogeneous wireless network needs to maintain seamless mobility and service continuity; for this reason, we have proposed an approach based on the combination of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to forecast a handover during a movement of a mobile terminal from a serving base station to target base station. Additionally, the handover decision is made by considering several parameters, such as peak data rate, latency, packet loss, and power consumption, to select the best network for handover from an LTE to an LTE-A network. The performance efficiency of the new hybrid approach is determined by computing different statistical parameters, such as root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), mean square error (MSE), and error standard deviation (StD). The execution of the proposed approach has been performed using MATLAB software. The simulation results show that the hybrid PSO-ANFIS model has better performance than other approaches in terms of prediction accuracy and reduction of handover latency and the power consumption in the network.
Prevalence and the risk factors for the carriage of beta-haemolytic streptococci among women visiting a tertiary care hospital in South India
Authors: Raghunath Pendru , Sadanand LN Rao
Published: December 2021

Streptococci are gram positive cocci arranged in chains and are part of normal flora of humans and animals. The present study is carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factors for the carriage of beta-haemolytic streptococci (BHS) among women visiting Dr. VRK Women’s Teaching Hospital & Research Centre, Hyderabad.

Vaginal swabs were collected from 250 patients attending outpatient department (OPD) of Dr. VRK Women’s Teaching hospital. Swabs were inoculated onto 5% sheep blood agar plates and incubated for 24 h at 37°C in a candle jar. BHS isolates were phenotypically identified by standard microbiological techniques, all the isolates presumptively identified as BHS were tested for Bacitracin susceptibility. Sensitive isolates were presumptively identified as GAS and resistant isolates were identified as non-group A BHS (NGABHS). Presumptively identified GAS & NGABHS isolates were serogrouped by Lancefield grouping using a commercially available latex agglutination test.

BHS were isolated from 12.4% of samples. As many as 12 BHS isolates were identified as GAS and 19 were identified as NGABHS. Ten of nineteen were identified as group B (GBS), 4 (12.9%) were identified as group C (GCS) and 5 (16.12%) were identified as group G (GGS). Among six clinical groups, the prevalence of GAS is highest i.e. 7.5% in female patients visiting Gynaecology OPD with history of white discharge. Prevalence of NGABHS was more among post insertion (18%) IUCD group compared to pre insertion (8%) IUCD group. GBS were isolated from 7% of samples from IUCD group and 4% of samples from prostitutes.

This study reports the prevalence of BHS among women visiting a tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad. This study also identified certain risk factors such as IUCD usage and working as a FSW are associated with the increased prevalence of NGABHS especially GBS.
Occurrence of carbapenem-resistant organisms in gastrointestinal postoperative infections: A therapeutic challenge
Authors: Rupert Secunda , Sankar Pavithra , Govindaraj Karthick , Raj Shanthi Sornamani David , Sathyanesan Jeswanth , Vennila Rosy , Rajagopal Surendran
Published: December 2021

Dissemination of multidrug resistant organisms including Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms (CRO) in Hospitals is of global concern. Such nosocomial infections are more common during surgical procedures involving prolonged post-operative care and Hospital stay. Treatment options include administration of prophylactic antibiotics, which are broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, long-term administration of these antibiotics leads to an increase in the incidence of multidrug resistant organisms in Hospital sectors.

To evaluate early detection of carbapenemase producing organisms from the clinical isolates of postoperative patients by carba NP test.

The study was conducted at the diagnostic laboratory in clinical samples obtained from hospitalized patients. A total of 716 clinical samples were tested by employing basic microbiological and biochemical testing methods and the isolates were screened for antimicrobial susceptibility. Carbapenem-resistant isolates were then confirmed by E-test (imipenem, meropenem) and also via carba NP test.

In a total of 716 samples, 257 tested positive for various microorganisms, of which 230 gram-negative bacilli were identified. Amongst them, 93 isolates were identified as resistant to carbapenem by disc diffusion method of which 50 isolates were tested for carbapenemase production. Within the 50 isolates, 47 isolates were resistant to E-test meropenem and 40 isolates were resistant to imipenem. Of note, 35 out of the 50 CROs were identified as carbapenemase producers.

Our results show that Carba NP test is a simple method that can be employed routinely for early detection of carbapenemase mediated CROs thus reducing the spread of resistant strains in Hospitals.
A study of rotavirus infection in acute diarrhoea in children less than 5 years of age
Authors: Sambrani Pramod N , Mansabdar Pooja , Kumar S Mahesh
Published: December 2021

: Diarrhoeal diseases account for an estimated 1.5 million deaths globally every year making it the second leading cause of childhood mortality. In India 1 out of every 250 children die of rotavirus diarrhea each year.

: To find out the incidence of rotavirus infection in acute diarrhoeal cases in children under 5 years of age.

: A prospective study was conducted on 100 non repetetive stool samples of Children under 5 years of age, presenting with acute diarrhea and hospitalized in the pediatric ward, during December 2015 to November 2016. Stool samples were processed according to premier rotaclone enzyme immunoassay protocol for the detection of rotavirus antigen, adhering to standard laboratory precautions.

: The incidence of acute diarrhoeal diseases was 5.86% in our setting. was detected in 29% cases by ELISA method.

The antigen detection by EIA is a reliable test, as it is quantitative and also has high sensitivity and specificity. Hence, can be routinely employed to prevent major morbidity and mortality among children, especially less than 5 years of age.
Imparting medical knowledge to pharmaceutical sales force
Authors: Chaudhry Sunil , Sovani Vishwas
Published: December 2021

Keycustomers of the pharmaceutical industry are qualified medical practitioners. To be able to stand their ground the sales representative needs training about medical terminology, the relevant disease, the molecule being marketed and some competitor information. A short induction could be followed by ongoing refresher training either face to face or online. The medical department has a major role to play here. Product launch training is planned by medical and marketing team based on the feature benefits of the product being launched. The training unit of the medical department of pharma companies are an inseparable part of the whole marketing effort.
Evaluación de un método rápido para determinar los requerimientos de cal en suelos de la zona cafetera colombiana
Authors: Díaz-Poveda Vanessa Catalina , Sadeghian Siavosh
Published: December 2021

La determinación de los requerimientos de cal para suelos ácidos requiere métodos prácticos, rápidos y efectivos. Algunas de las opciones actualmente utilizadas subestiman estos requerimientos, en tanto que otras los sobreestiman. En este estudio el objetivo fue evaluar la metodología de titulación directa con hidróxido de calcio (Ca(OH)2) como una alternativa más rápida frente al método de incubación, el cual se empleó como patrón. Se emplearon 25 muestras de suelo de la zona cafetera colombiana con un pH<5,5 y propiedades fisicoquímicas contrastantes. Estas se trataron con dosis crecientes de dolomita (CaCO3.MgCO3) en el método de incubación y de Ca(OH)2 0,02 M en el método de titulación. El incremento del pH en respuesta a los tratamientos en el método de incubación fue de tipo exponencial y menor que en el de titulación, el cual presentó una tendencia lineal y subestimó los requerimientos de cal comparado con el de incubación en todos los suelos para alcanzar un pH de 5,5. Mediante regresión múltiple se pudieron explicar las diferencias de los requerimientos de cal entre los dos métodos (R2=0,94**) en función de los contenidos de materia orgánica, N, P, K, Mg, S, Al, Na, Mn, Cu, B y limo de los suelos, y se generó un factor de corrección que se debe sumar a la dosis determinada por el método de titulación. Se concluyó que, a pesar de que el método de titulación con Ca(OH)2 es más rápido que el de incubación, su aplicación en los suelos de la zona cafetera de Colombia requiere un factor de ajuste con base en las propiedades de sus suelos.
Confirmation of Homoeoneuria Eaton, Confirmation of Homoeoneuria Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Oligoneuriidae) record in Colombia
Authors: Garzón-Salamanca Laura L. , Castillo Figueroa Dennis , Aristizábal-García Hernán
Published: December 2021

Homoeoneuria Eaton, 1881 is a genus of the Oligoneuriidae family whose geographical distribution remains poorly documented, especially in the Northern region of South America. Here we confirm the record of Homoeoneuria inColombia, thus extending its distribution in South America beyond the records from Brazil, Peru, and Argentina. The confirmation was done on three nymphs from the department of Cesar found on sandy-silt sediments in the transition between the Andean and Caribbean regions.
Consideraciones en torno al primer artículo impreso sobre la geografía de las plantas de Alexander von Humboldt, publicado en La Habana en mayo de 1804
Authors: Gómez-Gutiérrez Alberto
Published: December 2021

Alexander von Humboldt ha sido considerado por muchos como el pionero de la biogeografía, y la obra que lo ha situado en el imaginario popular como el primer biogeógrafo fue publicada por primera vez entre 1805 y 1807 en París, con el título Essai sur la géographie des plantes. El miércoles 2 de mayo de 1804 apareció un breve aviso en un periódico de La Habana, Cuba, bajo el título: “Geografía física. Ideas sobre el límite inferior de la nieve perpetua, y sobre la geografía de las plantas: por el Señor Barón de Humboldt, traducidas del francés al español por A. R.”. Este artículo incluía una sección final sobre los límites de la nieve y la vegetación, y constituiría la primera referencia de Humboldt a la geografía de las plantas impresa en América.
Protection of Personal Data in the Catholic Church in the Light of the EU Regulation No. 2016/67
Authors: Ciechanowska Justyna , Szwed Katarzyna
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the issues of personal data protection in the Catholic Church in Poland. It presents to what extent the Catholic Church is obliged to apply Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 27, 2016 on the protection of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC and what are its requirements to its internal regulations. Reference was also made to the content of the Decree of the Polish Episcopate on the protection of personal data of March 13, 2018.
Çok Amaçlı Ardışık Baraj Haznelerinin İşletmesinin HEC-ResSim ile Simülasyonu
Authors: SEVER Seda , YURTAL Recep
Published: December 2021

Çok amaçlı ardışık baraj haznelerinin işletilmesinde, sistemin davranışını incelemeye olanak sağlayan simülasyon tekniği uygulamalarda tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, genelleştirilmiş simülasyon programı HEC-ResSim kullanılarak Ceyhan Havzası’nda ardışık olarak inşa edilmiş Aslantaş Barajı, Berke Barajı ve Sır Barajı’nda üretilen yıllık toplam enerjiyi eniyilemek amaçlanmıştır. Barajlar, mevcut durumda üretebilecekleri maksimum enerji için belirlenen kurallar doğrultusunda çoklu rezervuar sistem yaklaşımıyla işletilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen işletme çalışması ile sistemin Ceyhan Master Planı’nda üretilen yıllık toplam enerjiden %57,87 daha fazla enerji üretebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Video-Based Rope Skipping Repetition Counting with ResNet Model
Authors: Li Xinxin , Wang Jiawen
Published: December 2021

Video Repetition Counting is one of the important research areas in computer vision. It focuses on estimating the number of repeating actions. In this paper, we propose a method for video-based rope skipping repetition counting that combines the ResNet Model and a counting algorithm. Each frame in the given video is first classified into two categories: upward and downward, describing its current motion status. Then the classification sequence of the video is processed by a statistical counting algorithm to obtain the final repetition number. The experiments on real-world videos show the efficiency of our model.
A Rural Perspective on COVID-19 Responses: Access, Interdependence and Community
Authors: Sloan Margaret , Trull Laura , Malomba Maureen , Akerson Emily , Atwood Kelly , Eaton Melody
Published: December 2021

Much of the press on the pandemic has been focused on urban environments where the virus was quick to spread and the numbers of cases are high. Beyond the greater risk for COVID-19-related health complications, rural populations are particularly susceptible to disruptions in the economic infrastructure of their communities. This study explores the impacts of COVID-19 on rural communities and the responses of nonprofit and other community infrastructures. Using a strengths-based approach and mixedmethods design, this qualitative research asked rural residents and nonprofit leaders about their needs, challenges, and assets as a result of COVID-19. Themes relative to access, interdependence, and community emerged from a priori categories. The research offers implications for both nonprofit education and rural nonprofit leadership.
Exploring Hong Kong Nonprofit Education Programs
Authors: Kim Sung-Ju , Liu Helen K. , Jeong Bok Gyo , Cai Qihai
Published: December 2021

The nonprofit sector in Hong Kong has developed under unique historical circumstances, including the introduction of the nonintervention policy by the British colonialism and the political transition to the Chinese government in 1997. These historical developments obviously had an impact on the development and expansion of the nonprofit sector within Hong Kong and the requisite qualifications for nonprofit employees that have been in a continuous state of flux. For example, during the 1960s, social work education in Hong Kong was developed through the influence of the professionalization movement in human service organizations, which encouraged the development of nonprofit education in Hong Kong. This study was undertaken to identify NPO/NGO degree programs at the university level in Hong Kong along with their curricula, finding 20 NPO/NGO degree programs within seven universities in Hong Kong including a total of 163 listed courses. The results show that NPO/NGO education programs in Hong Kong were developed based on an interdisciplinary perspective, that the programs highlight service provision and advocacy, while the Greater China regional contents, such as cultural, historical aspects of the Greater China, are reflected in the programs.
Levels of Disagreement Over Contested Practices
Authors: Silva Eric O.
Published: December 2021

This article unravels the tangled threads of argumentation that can be found in public debate over institutional practices. An analysis of letters to the editor (n=1551) written about two contested practices (American Indian mascots and the exclusive teaching of evolutionary theory) uncovers three analytically distinct levels of disagreement in the discourse. In the first level, partisans debate the effects of keeping or eliminating the contested practice. This disagreement over consequences leads to a second disagreement over how the social criteria for adjudicating controversies apply to the situation. This application level sits atop a third foundational level of the discourse where partisans debate the nature of social reality and the definition of the rules.
Credibilidade em jogo: o uso do fact-checking no portal G1 e a checagem colaborativa nas Organizações Globo
Authors: Alencar Marta Thaís , Dourado Jacqueline Lima
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo analisa a checagem colaborativa do Fato ou Fake, serviço de monitoramento e checagem de conteúdos do Grupo Globo. Para tanto, o trabalho realiza um estudo de caso a partir das diretrizes contidas no Plano Editorial do Grupo e na seção Fato ou Fake do Portal G1, que pontuam o fact-checking como estratégia de credibilidade.
O discurso de promoção do Prêmio Nacional das Artes e sua alusão ao regime nazista alemão
Authors: De Assis Ingrid Pereira , Leite Paulo Victor Arouche Costa
Published: December 2021

O objetivo do artigo é identificar as similaridades e aproximações entre o discurso proferido pelo então secretário especial da Cultura do Brasil, Roberto Alvim, e as particularidades do regime nazista, a partir de um aporte teórico voltado à compreensão das peculiaridades discursivas. Aciona-se, neste artigo, a metodologia da Análise do Discurso, de forma menos sistemática e mais ensaística, amparando-se em proposições teóricas acerca da construção discursiva para elaborar uma reflexão interdisciplinar, compreendendo aspectos históricos e comunicacionais. Os procedimentos metodológicos empregados foram: a coleta documental do vídeo do pronunciamento analisado; a decupagem e a revisão bibliográfica sistemática, para formar o aporte teórico da investigação. O corpus da análise é, portanto, o vídeo de divulgação do Prêmio Nacional das Artes. Dentre as conclusões, aponta-se a identificação de elementos visuais e verbais que remetem ao discurso do regime totalitário alemão, utilizando inclusive o recurso da paráfrase.
The Weibull Distribution: Reliability Characterization Based on Linear and Circular Consecutive Systems
Authors: Eliwa M. S , EL-Damcese Medhat , El-Bassiouny A. H. , Tyag Abhishek , El-Morshedy M.
Published: December 2021

Linear and circular consecutive models play a vital role to study the mechanical systems emerging in various fields including survival analysis, reliability theory, biological disciplines, and other lifetime sciences. As a result, analysis of reliability properties of consecutive k − out − of − n : F systems has gained a lot of attention in recent years from a theoretical and practical point of view. In the present article, we have studied some important stochastic and aging properties of residual lifetime of consecutive k − out − of − n : F systems under the condition n − k + 1, k ≤ n and all components of the system are working at time t. The mean residual lifetime  (MRL) and its hazard rate function are proposed for the linear consecutive k − out − of − n : F (lin/con/k/n:F) and circular consecutive k − out − of − n : F (cir/con/k/n:F) systems. Furthermore, several mathematical properties of the proposed MRL are examined. Finally, the Weibull distribution with two parameters is used as an example to explain the theoretical results.
Ekstansif Küçükbaş Hayvancılık İşletmelerinin Yapısal Özellikleri ve Organik Hayvancılığa Geçiş Olanakları: Balıkesir İli Örneği, Türkiye
Authors: HANOĞLU ORAL Hülya , KUZ Halil İbrahim , DAYANIKLI Cemal , ÖNALDI Abdullah Taner , ALARSLAN Emre , DUMAN Esra
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada; Türkiye’nin Marmara Bölgesi’nde yer alan Balıkesir ilindeki ekstansif küçükbaş hayvancılık işletmelerinin yapısal özellikleri incelenerek, organik hayvancılığa geçiş olanaklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Balıkesir ilinin tüm ilçeleri değerlendirmeye alınmış olup, bu ilçelerde ekstansif küçükbaş hayvan yetiştiriciliği yapılan 270 mahallede amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 603 işletme araştırmanın materyalini oluşturmuştur. Anket çalışmasıyla işletme sahiplerinin sosyo-demografik özellikleri, hayvancılıkla ilgili yetiştirme, besleme ve sağlık uygulamaları ile organik hayvancılığa yönelik bilgi ve yaklaşımlarına ilişkin veriler toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre işletme sahiplerinin % 87.40’ı 15 yılı aşkın süredir tarım yaptıklarını, % 79.93’ü bir üretici örgütüne üye olduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Koyunculuk işletmelerinin % 82.22’inde, keçi işletmelerinin ise % 78.43’ünde hiç hastalığa rastlanılmadığı bildirilmiştir. Koyunculuk işletmelerinin % 74.44’ünde, keçi işletmelerinin % 77.12’sinde hayvanlar yıl boyunca otlatma alanlarından yararlanabilmektedir. Koç ve teke katımı doğal aşım yoluyla gerçekleştirilmekte, doğan yavrular yaklaşık 3-4 ay ana sütü ile beslenmektedirler. Dursunbey ve İvrindi ilçelerinin bazı yöreleri ile Marmara adasında koyun ve keçi yetiştiriciliği çoğunlukla yerli ırklar ve melezleri ile yürütülmektedir. Bu yörelerde yapılmakta olan küçükbaş hayvancılık organik sistem ile büyük benzerlik göstermektedir. Söz konusu yörelerdeki küçükbaş hayvancılık işletmelerinin organik yem üretimi konusunda desteklenmesi, hayvansal üretimde söz sahibi iller arasında yer alan Balıkesir ilinin organik hayvansal üretimde de öncü olmasını sağlayacaktır. Nitekim çalışmada yetiştiricilerin % 70’den fazlasının organik hayvancılığa geçişe olumlu baktıkları belirlenmiştir. Ancak yetiştiricilere teknik bilgi ve organik hayvancılığa yönelik desteğin yanı sıra organik hayvancılık için örgütlenmeleri konusunda teşvik sağlanması gerekmektedir.
Hububat Ekiliş Alanlarında Süne Eurygaster spp.’nin Yumurta Parazitoiti, Trissolcus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) Türleri Üzerinde Çalışmalar: Iğdır, Ağrı ve Van İlleri, Türkiye
Authors: AÇIKGÖZ Mustafa , GÖZÜAÇIK Celalettin
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışma, 2015-2016 yıllarında Iğdır, Ağrı ve Van illeri (Türkiye) hububat alanlarında Süne Eurygaster spp. (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae)’nin yumurta parazitoiti Trissolcus Ashmead, 1893 (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) türlerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Süne yumurta paketleri zararlının yoğun olarak görüldüğü hububat ekiliş alanlarında toplanmıştır. Toplanan Süne yumurtaları plastik tüp içerisine konularak 25±1 °C sıcaklık ve % 65±5 nem ortamında kültüre alınmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, Süne yumurta parazitoitleri olarak; Trissolcus grandis (Thomson, 1860), T. vassilievi (Mayr, 1879), Telenomus chloropus (Thomson, 1861) (Scelionidae) ve Ooencyrtus sp. (Encyrtidae) türleri belirlenmiştir. Ağrı’dan toplanan yumurta paketlerinden Trissolcus grandis; Iğdır’dan toplanan yumurta paketlerinden Trissolcus grandis, T. vassilievi, Ooencyrtus sp. ve Telenomus chloropus; Van’dan ise Trissolcus grandis ve T. vassilievi türleri tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen türlerin popülasyonu içerisindeki dağılımları ise; Trissolcus grandis % 56, Telenomus chloropus % 22, T. vassilievi % 10 ve Ooencyrtus sp. ise % 12 oranlarında gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmanın yürütüldüğü illerde en yaygın türün T. grandis olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
El sometimiento cultural del pueblo Mapuche por parte del estado Chileno
Authors: Escudero Jaime Caiceo
Published: December 2021

En esta comunicación se pretende buscar las causas del denominado conflicto mapuche que se viene dando en forma violenta en las últimas décadas; para encontrar soluciones permanentes hay que resolver las causas. Para realizar este estudio se recurrirá a un paradigma cualitativo y a la metodología histórica, revisando fuentes primarias (documentos originales) y secundarias (seleccionar la vasta bibliografía existente sobre el tema). Se encontró que durante siglo y medio no se ha respetado su cultura e idiosincrasia, sometiendo a ese pueblo por la fuerza y educándolos en lengua española y no en su lenguaje vernáculo, haciéndoles perder a las nuevas generaciones su lengua y cultura. El estado de Chile no ha actuado cómo se debe con un pueblo originario y debe devolverles sus tierras y respetar su cultura para poder resolver el conflicto actual y lograr paz.
FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SEDIAAN GEL PEMBERSIH TANGAN BERBAHAN AKTIF WATER KEFIR
Authors: Afriani Kartini , Wardani Vania Dwi , Agustin Puspita Ade , Ridwan Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan formulasi gel pembersih tangan (hand sanitizer) berbahan dasar alkohol dengan tambahan water kefir sebagai zat antimikrob. Penggunaan konsentrasi water kefir sebesar 1% (formula I), 1,5% (formula II), dan 2% (formula III) telah memberikan efektivitas antibakteri yang baik, dibuktikan dengan jumlah koloni bakteri yang berkurang sebesar 95%-99% setelah penggunaan gel pembersih tangan. Pengujian fisik didapatkan gel berbentuk semi padat, tidak berwarna, berbau khas gel pembersih tangan dan homogen. Derajat keasaman (pH) ketiga formula yaitu 5,76 ± 0,01; 5,69 ± 0,01; dan 5,56 ± 0,02 dengan viskositas 9680 ± 20; 9520 ± 20; dan 9260 ± 20 Cp.
SKRINING FITOKIMIA, KANDUNGAN FLAVONOID TOTAL, DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL TUMBUHAN Selaginella doederleinii
Authors: Oktavia Farida Dwi , Sutoyo Suyatno
Published: December 2021

Selaginella doederleinii merupakan tumbuhan paku yang berasal dari China, namun telah   dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Tumbuhan tersebut dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat untuk melancarkan aliran darah, menghilangkan bengkak, antitoksik, antikanker, dan menghentikan pendarahan (hemostatis). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan fitokimia, kandungan flavonoid total, aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol tumbuhan S. doederleinii. Ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi dan dihasilkan ekstrak etanol berupa padatan berwarna hijau gelap. Ekstrak padat dianalisis metabolit sekundernya menggunakan skrining fitokimia. Kadar flavonoid total ditentukan menggunakan spektroskopi dengan pereaksi aluminium klorida. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan menggunakan metode DPPH. Hasil skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol S. doederleinii terdapat kandungan fenolik, alkaloid, saponin, steroid, flavonoid, dan tanin. Kandungan flavonoid total ekstrak etanol tumbuhan S. doederleinii sebesar 17,615 mg QE/g ekstrak. Sementara itu nilai IC50 pada uji aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 128,696 ppm, sehingga ekstrak etanol S. doerdeleinii mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan dalam kategori sedang.
PENDEKATAN IN SILICO DALAM MENYINGKAP POTENSI ANTIKANKER MECIADANOL
Authors: Fadlan Arif , Warsito Tri , Sarmoko Sarmoko
Published: December 2021

Meciadanol merupakan flavanol katekin termetilasi pada posisi C3 yang mampu menghambat pembentukan histamin oleh histidin dekarboksilase. Senyawa ini merupakan target menarik dalam pengembangan agen antikanker karena histamin diketahui terlibat dalam perkembangan kanker. Histamin juga dilaporkan dapat berkaitan dengan death associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) yang berhubungan dengan apoptosis. Penelitian ini mempelajari potensi aktivitas antikanker meciadanol terhadap DAPK1 secara in silico. Penambatan molekul terhadap protein DAPK1 (kode 5AUX dan 5AV3) dilakukan dengan Autodock Vina yang dilanjutkan dengan evaluasi sifat fisikokimia dan profil ADMET menggunakan SwissADME dan pkCSM. Nilai afinitas ikatan meciadanol terhadap 5AUX dan 5AV3 masing-masing sebesar -7,4 kkal/mol dan -7,0 kkal/mol. Meciadanol selanjutnya tidak melanggar aturan Lipinski, Ghose, Veber, Egan dan Muegge, dan memiliki profil ADMET yang baik berdasarkan deskriptor evaluasi.
KINERJA MESIN PENGERING MIKRO BERTENAGA KOMBINASI SURYA DAN LISTRIK DALAM PENGERINGAN KAYU JATI
Authors: Gatut Prakosa Galit , Ramadhan Ramli
Published: December 2021

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara pengekspor kerajinan kayu ke 193 negara, namun dalam prosesnya sering mengalami kerugian akibat pengembalian produk oleh pihak pemesan karena mengalami cacat retak pada saat barang tiba di negara pemesan. Salah satu upaya meningkatkan kualitas kerajinan kayu adalah dengan mengeringkan kayu sesuai negara tujuan agar dimensi dan kelembabannya relatif stabil. Proses pengeringan kayu skala industri membutuhkan investasi yang tinggi, sehingga perlu dikembangkan pengering skala kecil untuk pengrajin. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat desain dan pengujian kinerja pengering kayu sederhana dengan kapasitas 1,5 m³, dengan biaya terjangkau, mudah dioperasikan dan digunakan oleh masyarakat. Contoh uji yang digunakan berupa batang dan cabang kayu jati (Tectona grandis L.f.). Pemanas yang digunakan adalah kombinasi panas matahari dan listrik, yaitu panas cahaya matahari dipertahankan dan dialirkan ke dalam ruang pengering kayu melalui kipas yang menghisap udara panas dari ruang bakar ke dalam ruang pengering. Udara panas disirkulasikan ke saluran hisap lagi secara terus menerus untuk didistribusikan kembali ke ruang pengering. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan suhu rerata harian dari panas surya yang diterima ruang pengering berkisar antara 40−50°C, sementara suhu untuk pengeringan kayu jati berkisar antara 45−70°C. Dari evaluasi yang telah dilakukan, plat pemanas kurang efektif dalam pemanasan ruang sehingga perlu dilakukan penggantian dengan modifikasi pemasangan elemen pemanas di dinding oven bersumber baterai.
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK FUNGSI ZEOLIT ALAM AKTIF SEBAGAI KATALIS SETELAH DIIMPREGNASI LOGAM NIKEL
Authors: Novia Ya Rina nti , Hambali Erliza , Pari Gustan , Suryani Ani
Published: December 2021

Catalytic cracking adalah proses konversi dengan memotong rantai karbon molekul minyak menjadi hidrokarbon sederhana. Proses pemutusan rantai hidrokarbon bisa dilakukan dengan cara kimia menggunakan katalis dan gas hidrogen. Jenis katalis yang biasa digunakan dalam industri kimia adalah logam seperti Nikel (Ni), seng (Zn), dan kadmium (Cd). Logam tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai katalis secara langsung, tetapi pada saat proses catalytic cracking akan menyebabkan penggumpalan katalis, sehingga tidak bisa digunakan secara berulang. Oleh karena itu, katalis logam harus diimpregnasi ke dalam bahan pengemban seperti zeolit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari proses preparasi dan karakterisasi katalis zeolit alam aktif impregnasi logam nikel (ZAA/Ni) yang terdiri atas karakteristikluas permukaan, XRD, dan FTIR serta morfologi untuk mendapatkan katalis yang terbaik. Zeolit yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah zeolit dari Bayah Banten yang sudah diaktifasi. Fungsi katalis sebagai pemutus rantai karbon dapat ditingkatkan dengan adanya pengemban, yaitu logam nikel. Pengembang berperan sebagai tempat tersebarnya inti aktif yang dapat meningkatkan efektifitas katalis, sehingga katalis dapat dipergunakan secara berulang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ZAA/Ni, rasio Si/Al yang tertinggi adalah 6,66 yang termasuk katalis intermediate dengan rasio Si/Al = 2 – 10. Luas permukaan katalis terluas adalah pada ZAA/Ni 3 % sebesar 974,44 m2/g, nilai kristalinitas terbesar adalah 70,09%. Zeolit asal Bayah Banten yang sudah diimpregnasi logam nikel dapat digunakan sebagai katalis untuk meningkatkan kualitas (upgrading) bio oil menjadi bahan bakar dengan konsentrasi ZAA/Ni 3%.
movimento de busca pelas transformações das concepções e práticas de formação de professores na Universidade de São Paulo
Authors: Pimenta Selma Garrido , Almeida Maria Isabel de
Published: December 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo discutir o processo de implementação do Programa de Formação de Professores da Universidade de São Paulo (PFPUSP) no período 2006-2020, com destaque para as rupturas e inovações que trouxe ao campo das licenciaturas, bem como a identificação dos desafios e problemas enfrentados no âmbito da Universidade e frente às legislações federais e estadual que têm reconfigurado e, na maioria dos casos, desfigurado a formação dos docentes brasileiros. Com base em pesquisa bibliográfica sobre formação, em documentos da própria Universidade e na legislação, evidencia os esforços voltados para a superação das dicotomias, antigas e arraigadas na área, entre teoria/prática e entre saberes científicos/saberes pedagógicos
Kur’an’da el-Yevmu’l-Âhir İfadesi ve İman-Amel İlişkisi Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: DEMİR Nisa Derya
Published: December 2021

Kur’ân’da âhiret hayatını anlatmak için muhtelif kelimeler bulunmasına rağmen, ölümden sonraki hayatın tamamını kapsayan esas ifade âhiret kelimesi olmuştur. Âhiret kelimesi, ilk dönem Mekkî sûrelerden itibaren vahiy süreci bitene kadar Kur’ân’da aynı önemi ve merkezi rolü korumuştur. Mekkî sûrelerde daha çok kıyamet, cennet ve cehennem tasvirleri, âhiret inancına karşı müşriklerin tepki ve itirazlarına verilen cevapları kapsayan bir âhiret anlatımı varken, Medenî sûrelerde vahyin genişleyen muhatap kitlesiyle birlikte Ehl-i kitabın ve münafıkların iman ve amellerindeki çelişkileri üzerinden âhiret hayatındaki durumları da anlatılmaktadır. Ayrıca Medenî sûrelerde Allah’a ve ahiret gününe iman etmenin, Müslüman bir kimsenin hayatını Allah’ın vaz ettiği kurallara göre yaşamasında rehberlik ettiği vurgulanır. Medenî sûrelerde diğer iman esaslarıyla bütün oluşturacak şekilde bir iman esası olarak el-yevmu’l-âhir kavramı İslâm’a uygun bir hayat tarzının sınırlarını çizmede temel oluşturur. Biz bu çalışmada âhiret gününün mahiyeti üzerinde değil, âhiret gününe iman etmenin inananların hayatında neleri değiştirmesi gerektiği üzerinde duracağız.
Mechanical Failure of 2 Cannulated Screw Fixation for Unstable SCFE
Authors: Levey Sarah Toner , Goodloe J. Brett , Murphy Robert F. , Van Nortwick Sara
Published: December 2021

Case:

A 13-year-old obese boy presented with an acute-on-chronic unstable left slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). He underwent in situ surgical fixation with two 6.5-mm fully threaded cannulated screws. At 6 months, he presented with mechanical failure of both screws. He underwent screw removal, revision in situ fixation, a peritrochanteric flexion and internal rotational osteotomy, and an open femoroplasty. The osteotomy healed at 6 weeks. The femoral physis took an additional year to close.

Conclusion:

This case highlights an uncommon complication of in situ pinning of SCFE, discusses revision fixation options, and suggests possible prolonged physeal closure in severe slips.
Consulting a Patient on Hormonal Contraception: A Clinical Case of Vulvar Vestibulitis
Authors: Leshchenko Olga
Published: December 2021

This article presents a clinical case of a 23-year-old female who developed vulvodynia and dyspareunia while taking combined oral contraceptives (OCs). The case study shows that physicians should not recommend any combination of OCs over another to reduce weight gain, headache, breast tenderness, breakthrough bleeding, sexual dysfunction, dyspareunia, and decreased libido. Hormonal contraception counseling should be based on known, evidence-based recommendations and not be limited to the unnecessary substitution of one drug for another.
Production, Properties and Swelling of Composite Agar-Pectic Gel Particles in an Artificial Gastroenteric Environment
Authors: Mikhailova Elena , Shubakov Anatoly
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the present work was to obtain and study the properties of composite calcium-agar-pectic gel particles (CaAPGPs) obtained from aqueous solutions of agar (AA) and apple pectin (AP), from aqueous solutions of agar (AA) and pectin heracleuman (HS) in the presence of Ca2+ ions (0.34 M). The swelling of the obtained composite CaAPGPs in an artificial gastroenteric environment was also investigated. Methods and Results: We used commercial AP AU701 (AP, Herbstreith & Fox KG, Germany), HS isolated from the aerial part of the Sosnovskyi hogweed Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden, and food agar (AA). Spherical composite CaAPGPs were obtained from low-methyl esterified AP with a molecular weight of 406 kDa, pectin HS with a molecular weight >300 kDa, and food agar (AA) in the presence of Ca2+ ions (0.34 M) as a cross-linking agent by the method of ionotropic gelation. It was found that dry CaAPGPs based on AP (Ca-AA-AP) have a diameter of 1.16±0.14-1.23±0.05 mm, which was greater than the diameter of dry CaAPGPs based on HS (Ca-AA-HS) (0.95±0.12-1.16±0.05 mm). The density of dry CaAPGPs based on AP (Ca-AA-AP) with an increase in the concentration of AP in their composition from 1% to 2% increased by 1.7 times – from 0.37±0.07 mg/mm3 to 0.63±0.05 mg/mm3. Dry composite CaAPGPs based on HS (Ca-AA-HS) were denser. With an increase in the HS concentration in their composition from 1% to 2%, the degree of particle density increases by 2.2 – from 0.45±0.03 mg/mm3 to 0.97±0.19 mg/mm3. The swelling and degradation of the obtained dry composite CaAPGPs in an artificial gastroenteric environment were studied. It was found that CaAPGPs formed from 1% AP and 2% AA degraded almost immediately in SIF. Whereas, CaAPGPs formed from 2% AP and 1% or 2% AA completely degraded in SCF after 1 hour of incubation in it. CaAPGPs formed from 1% HS and 2% AA, and particles obtained from 2% HS and 1% AA, remained stable in SIF, and then completely degraded immediately upon entering in SCF. CaAPGPs, consisting of 2% HS and 2% AA, dissolve in SCF after 1 hour of incubation in it.
The Evaluation of CD3, CD 5, CD10, CD 19, and CD20 Markers in the Differential Diagnosis of the Lymphoma Subtypes in Sudanese Patients
Authors: Abdelwadoud Mohamed , Ahmed Nabawia , Waggiallah Hisham
Published: December 2021

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the use of CD3, CD5, CD10, CD19, and CD20 markers in the differential identification of lymphoma subtypes. Methods and Results: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study included 82 patients with palpable lymphadenopathies. The formalin-fixed paraffin block sections immunostained with the Dako flex were investigated. CD3, CD5, CD10, CD19, and CD20 staining was performed on sections. The current study found that the two main types of lymphoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, have a significant association with CD3, CD10, and CD19, and a highly significant association with CD20, implying that these CD markers are crucial for general classification and diagnosis of lymphoma. CD3 had a highly significant relationship with gender. CD3 and CD20 were demonstrated to have a significant relationship with the lymphoma subtypes. The CD20 marker is the most consistent and useful marker for differentiating lymphoma subtypes.
Prevalence of Uterine Fibroids in Women in Eastern Siberia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Atalyan Alina , Suturina Larisa , Nadeliaeva Iana , Lazareva Liudmila , Sharifulin Eldar , Danusevich Irina
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to determine uterine fibroids (UF) prevalence in the unselected (medically unbiased) female population in the Eastern Siberia region, Russia, and to evaluate the significant risk factors. Methods and Results: The study included 2389 women aged from 18 to 80 yrs (mean age of 42.8±11.9 yrs). Subjects were evaluated consecutively by means of questionnaires, anthropometry, vital signs, gynecological examination, and pelvic ultrasound. We demonstrated 26.41% UF prevalence in the unselected female population from Eastern Siberia. We found that the single nodules predominate among all fibroids, with the types 3–5 and the size of either ≤1 cm or ≥4 cm as the most frequent variants. Our study confirmed that the prevalence of fibroids increases with age. The incidence of fibroids is significantly lower in women with the age at menarche of 15 years. We also have found that a BMI of more than 25 kg/m2, more than 4 pregnancies, and late menopause are risk factors for the development of fibroids.
The Effect of Low Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy on the Metabolic Processes of Women and Their Alcohol-Exposed Babies
Authors: Marianian Anait , Darenskaya Marina , Grebenkina Lyudmila , Protopopova Natalia , Kolesnikova Lubov
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of low or very low amounts of alcohol consumption on the LPO-AOD systems of pregnant women and their infants after birth, and the effect of that exposure on infant, growth, health, and development. Methods and Results: A sample of 201 pregnant women (mother-child dyads) was recruited for the study. Pregnant women were categorized into three groups according to the amount of alcohol they consume: 1) non-drinking, 2) very low drinking, and 3) low drinking. Small amounts of alcohol consumption caused dysfunction of the LPO-AOD system and the development of OS in women, and had negative effects on infants. The biomarkers of potentially harmful LPO, such as TBARs, were higher in very low and low drinking mothers. The activity of the AOD system was lower among mothers who drank alcohol. Alcohol consumption decreased levels of retinol, SOD activity, GSH, and GR activity. Higher rates of pathological conditions, delayed development, and slower growth were observed among infants who were prenatally exposed to alcohol. Conclusion: Identification and preventive interventions are needed for pregnant women who use alcohol in any amount.
The Hygienic Assessment of School Educational Programs
Authors: Tkachuk Elena , Mylnikova Inna , Efimova Natalia
Published: December 2021

Background: The study presents a methodology for the hygienic assessment of school educational programs from the point of view of safety for the health of students and of effectiveness in improving the quality of education. The aim of the study was a hygienic assessment of educational programs in primary schools. Methods and Results: The study involved primary school students (n=245) aged between 8 and 9.5 years: 120 children studying under the “Planet of knowledge” program (Group 1) and 125 children studying under the “Primary school of the XXI century” program (Group 2). The hygienic factors are studied using the methodology of assessing the intensity of educational work and the conditions of the organization of the educational process. The obtained data are compared with the main criteria of the state of children’s neuropsychological development. We found that the program “Primary school of the XXI century” is characterized by the intensity of educational work (2.7±0.13 points) and approaches to the third degree, according to the criterion of intellectual loads. In contrast, the program “Planet of knowledge” is characterized by a lower intensity of educational work – 2.1±0.08 points (P=0.000) . The indicators of sensory and emotional intensity of educational work under the program “Primary school of the XXI century” were also statistically higher. Conclusions: - The high intensity of educational work does not ensure high rates and levels of intellectual development and mental performance of children. - The hygienic assessment of children’s educational activities should include a comprehensive hygienic examination of the educational program and the means used in the process of its implementation. - An educational program may be allowed to be used in educational organizations only after a hygienic examination of its application in the educational process.