bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Extrapolation of Magnetohydrostatic Equilibria on the Sun
Authors: Zhu Xiaoshuai , Wiegelmann Thomas
Published: October 2018

Modeling the interface region between the solar photosphere and corona is challenging because the relative importance of magnetic and plasma forces change by several orders of magnitude. While the solar corona can be modeled by the force-free assumption, we need to take plasma forces into account (pressure gradient and gravity) in photosphere and chromosphere, here within the magnetohydrostatic (MHS) model. We solve the MHS equations with the help of an optimization principle and use vector magnetogram as the boundary condition. Positive pressure and density are ensured by replacing them with two new basic variables. The Lorentz force during optimization is used to update the plasma pressure on the bottom boundary, which makes the new extrapolation work even without pressure measurements on the photosphere. Our code is tested using a linear MHS model as reference. From the detailed analyses, we find that the newly developed MHS extrapolation recovers the reference model at high accuracy. The MHS extrapolation is, however, numerically more expensive than the nonlinear force-free field extrapolation and consequently one should limit their application to regions where plasma forces become important, e.g., in a layer of about 2 Mm above the photosphere.
Five new coexisting species of copepod crustaceans of the genus Spaniomolgus (Poecilostomatoida: Rhynchomolgidae), symbionts of the stony coral Stylophora pistillata (Scleractinia)
Authors: Conradi Mercedes , Bandera Eugenia , Mudrova Sofya V. , Ivanenko Viatcheslav N.
Published: October 2018

Spaniomolgus is a symbiotic genus of copepods of the poecilostomatoid family Rhynchomolgidae and is known to be associated with shallow-water reef-building hermatypic corals. Three species of this genus were previously found only in washings of Acropora and Stylophora in northern Madagascar. Four coral morphotypes of Stylophorapistillata (Pocilloporidae) were collected by SCUBA at 1 to 28 m depth in five sites in the Saudi Arabian Red Sea in 2013. Copepods found on these colonies were studied using light, confocal and scanning electron microscopy. Five new, and one known, species of the genus Spaniomolgus were discovered in washings and inside the galls of the hermatypic coral S.pistillata. The description of these new species (Spaniomolgusglobussp. n., S.stylophorussp. n., S.dentatussp. n., S.maculatussp. n., and S.acutussp. n.) and a key for the identification of all of its congeners is provided herein.
Los foros y las redes sociales ayudan a descubrir especies exóticas en Europa y monitorear su propagación: el caso de Exaireta spinigera (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera, Stratiomyidae) en la península italiana y Sicilia
Authors: Schifani Enrico , Paolinelli Ronni
Published: October 2018

La mosca soldado Exaireta spinigera (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera, Stratiomyidae) es originaria de Australia y se introdujo en Hawái, América del Norte y se está extendiendo rápidamente por Europa. Comentamos el conocimiento sobre su presencia en Italia y publicamos los primeros registros de Sicilia. El conocimiento existente sobre la llegada y distribución de esta especie en Italia se fundamenta exclusivamente en datos proporcionados por ciudadanos a través de foros de internet y grupos de Facebook sobre biodiversidad, que así han demostrado ser una ayuda útil para la difícil detección de especies invasoras.
Lipoxin B4 Enhances Human Memory B Cell Antibody Production via Upregulating Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression
Authors: Kim Nina , Lannan Katie L. , Thatcher Thomas H. , Pollock Stephen J. , Woeller Collynn F. , Phipps Richard P.
Published: October 2018

Vaccination has been the most effective way to prevent or reduce infectious diseases; examples include the eradication of smallpox and attenuation of tetanus and measles. However, there is a large segment of the population that responds poorly to vaccines, in part because they are immunocompromised because of disease, age, or pharmacologic therapy and are unable to generate long-term protection. Specialized proresolving mediators are endogenously produced lipids that have potent proresolving and anti-inflammatory activities. Lipoxin B4 (LXB4) is a member of the lipoxin family, with its proresolving effects shown in allergic airway inflammation. However, its effects on the adaptive immune system, especially on human B cells, are not known. In this study, we investigated the effects of LXB4 on human B cells using cells from healthy donors and donors vaccinated against influenza virus in vitro. LXB4 promoted IgG Ab production in memory B cells and also increased the number of IgG-secreting B cells. LXB4 enhanced expression of two key transcription factors involved in plasma cell differentiation, BLIMP1 and XBP1. Interestingly, LXB4 increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), an enzyme that is required for efficient B cell Ab production. The effects of LXB4 are at least partially COX2-dependent as COX2 inhibitors attenuated LXB4-stimulated BLIMP1 and Xpb-1 expression as well as IgG production. Thus, our study reveals for the first time, to our knowledge, that LXB4 boosts memory B cell activation through COX2 and suggests that LXB4 can serve as a new vaccine adjuvant.
Aeroallergens Exacerbate Histoplasma capsulatum Infection
Authors: Bueter Chelsea L. , Deepe George S.
Published: October 2018

Allergens such as house dust mites (HDM) and papain induce strong Th2 responses, including elevated IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and marked eosinophilia in the airways. Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungal pathogen that induces a strong Th1 response marked by IFN-γ and TNF-α production, leading to rapid clearance in nonimmunocompromised hosts. Th1 responses are generally dominant and overwhelm the Th2 response when stimuli for both are present, although there are instances when Th2 stimuli downregulate a Th1 response. We determined if the Th2 response to allergens prevents the host from mounting a Th1 response to H. capsulatum in vivo. C57BL/6 mice exposed to HDM or papain and infected with H. capsulatum exhibited a dominant Th2 response early, characterized by enhanced eosinophilia and elevated Th2 cytokines in lungs. These mice manifested exacerbated fungal burdens, suggesting that animals skewed toward a Th2 response by an allergen are less able to clear the H. capsulatum infection despite an intact Th1 response. In contrast, secondary infection is not exacerbated by allergen exposure, indicating that the memory response may suppress the Th2 response to HDM and quickly clear the infection. In conclusion, an in vivo skewing toward Th2 by allergens exacerbates fungal infection, even though there is a concurrent and unimpaired Th1 response to H. capsulatum.
Implementation of the 2006 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Zimbabwe: A review
Authors: Dziva Cowen , Shoko Munatsi , Zvogbo Ellen F.
Published: October 2018

Background: The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities came into place in 2006, as the main instrument for advancing the human rights of persons with disabilities. For many African states, the Convention came amidst ubiquitous marginalisation and discrimination of persons with disabilities. As expected, the Convention has been hailed as a landmark in the struggle to reframe the needs and concerns of persons with disabilities.Objectives: This article reviews the implementation of the Convention by the Zimbabwean government.Method: The study relies on reviews of extant literature on disability rights. Reviewed documents include the Convention, constitution and other related national laws, policies and measures pertaining to disability rights.Results: This article lauds the state for promulgating a disability-friendly constitution that resembles the Convention to effectuate a human rights approach to disability issues. Relatedly, the state came up with institutions that collaborate with research institutes and disability organisations to conduct research, provide services to persons with disabilities, raise awareness and advocacy and litigate for disability rights.Conclusion: In spite of these efforts, this article shows that Zimbabwe has yet to close the gap on the ideals of the Convention, mainly because of limited resources amongst state-funded institutions for advancing disability issues. The government of Zimbabwe is challenged to domesticate all provisions of the Convention and to provide resources to institutions for progressive realisation of the rights of persons with disabilities.
Local Convergence and Stability of Tight Bridge-addable Classes
Authors: Chapuy G. , Perarnau G.
Published: October 2018

A class of graphs is bridge-addable if given a graph $G$ in the class, any graph obtained by adding an edge between two connected components of $G$ is also in the class. The authors recently proved a conjecture of McDiarmid, Steger, and Welsh stating that if ${\mathcal{G}}$ is bridge-addable and $G_{n}$ is a uniform $n$-vertex graph from ${\mathcal{G}}$, then $G_{n}$ is connected with probability at least $(1+o_{n}(1))e^{-1/2}$. The constant $e^{-1/2}$ is best possible, since it is reached for the class of all forests.

In this paper, we prove a form of uniqueness in this statement: if ${\mathcal{G}}$ is a bridge-addable class and the random graph $G_{n}$ is connected with probability close to $e^{-1/2}$, then $G_{n}$ is asymptotically close to a uniform $n$-vertex random forest in a local sense. For example, if the probability converges to $e^{-1/2}$, then $G_{n}$ converges in the sense of Benjamini–Schramm to the uniformly infinite random forest $F_{\infty }$. This result is reminiscent of so-called “stability results” in extremal graph theory, the difference being that here the stable extremum is not a graph but a graph class.
Persistence probabilities and a decorrelation inequality for the Rosenblatt process and Hermite processes
Authors: Aurzada Frank , Monch Christian
Published: October 2018

Мы изучаем вероятности персистентности для эрмитовых процессов. В качестве инструмента мы получаем общее неравенство декорреляции для процесса Розенблатта, которое напоминает лемму Слепяна для гауссовских процессов или FKG-неравенство и которое может быть интересно само по себе. Используя это неравенство, мы вычисляем показатель персистентности для процесса Розенблатта. Для общих эрмитовых процессов мы получаем верхнюю и нижнюю границы вероятности персистентности с ожидаемым показателем, но с несогласованными границами.
Байесовская задача последовательного тестирования гипотез для броуновского моста
Authors: Lisovskii Dmitrii Igorevich
Published: October 2018

В настоящей работе приводится решение байесовской задачи последовательного тестирования двух простых гипотез о значении среднего для броуновского моста. Метод доказательства основан на сведении рассматриваемой задачи последовательного анализа к задаче оптимальной остановки для строго марковского случайного процесса апостериорных вероятностей. Ключевой идеей, дающей возможность решить полученную задачу, является применение биективного колмогоровского преобразования пространства-времени, которое позволяет вместо задачи об оптимальной остановке на конечном временном горизонте для неоднородного по времени диффузионного процесса рассматривать задачу об оптимальной остановке на бесконечном временном горизонте для однородного диффузионного процесса, причем лишь с небольшим усложнением минимизируемого функционала. Область продолжения наблюдений и область остановки задаются двумя непрерывными границами, являющимися единственным решением системы двух нелинейных интегральных уравнений.
First-passage times over moving boundaries for asymptotically stable walks
Authors: Denisov Denis Eduardovich , Sakhanenko Aleksandr Ivanovich , Wachtel Vitali
Published: October 2018

Пусть $\{S_n, n\geq1\}$ - случайное блуждание с независимыми одинаково распределенными приращениями и пусть $\{g_n, n\geq1\}$ - последовательность действительных чисел. Обозначим через $T_g$ первый момент, когда $S_n$ выходит из $(g_n,\infty)$. Предположим, что случайное блуждание - осциллирующее и асимптотически устойчивое, т.е. существует последовательность $\{c_n, n\geq1\}$ такая, что $S_n/c_n$ сходится к устойчивому закону. В этой статье мы определим поведение хвоста $T_g$ для всех осциллирующих, асимптотически устойчивых блужданий и всех граничных последовательностей, удовлетворяющих $g_n=o(c_n)$. Далее, мы докажем, что масштабированное случайное блуждание, при условии непересечения границы до времени $n$, сходится при $n\to\infty$ к устойчивому меандру.
Последовательное различение двух гипотез для стационарного процесса Орнштейна-Уленбека
Authors: Lisovskii Dmitrii Igorevich , Shiryaev Albert Nikolaevich
Published: October 2018

В настоящей работе рассматривается вариационная постановка задачи последовательной проверки двух простых гипотез о значении параметра, отвечающего за локальную скорость возвращения стационарного процесса Орнштейна-Уленбека к своему среднему значению. В качестве критерия оптимальности рассматривается минимизация информационного расстояния. Найден асимптотически оптимальный план, во-первых, для случая, когда вероятности ошибок первого и второго рода стремятся к нулю, и, во-вторых, для случая, когда тестируемые параметры стремятся к бесконечности, но расстояние между ними фиксировано.
Behavioral Activation Approach to Parent Training: Feasibility of Promoting Routines of Exploration and Play During Mealtime (Mealtime PREP)
Authors: Caldwell Angela R. , Skidmore Elizabeth R. , Raina Ketki D. , Rogers Joan C. , Terhorst Lauren , Danford Cynthia A. , Bendixen Roxanna M.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE. Systematic approaches are needed to help parents with young children adopt healthy routines. This study examined the feasibility (home data collection, protocol adherence, intervention acceptance) of using a behavioral activation (BA) approach to train parents of children with sensory food aversions.

METHOD. Parents of young children (18–36 mo) were trained using the novel Promoting Routines of Exploration and Play During Mealtime intervention. Measures included video-recorded meals, Fidelity Checklist, Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire, and Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale. Descriptive statistics were used.

RESULTS. Eleven children and their parents completed the study. Two of three feasibility benchmarks were met. Intervention acceptance was high (mean score = 43/48). On average, parents used three more intervention strategies after training than at baseline.

CONCLUSION. Using a BA approach to parent training shows promise for altering daily mealtime routines. Delivering this intervention in the home is feasible and received acceptable ratings among this sample.
The 4.2 ka BP event in the Levant
Authors: Kaniewski David , Marriner Nick , Cheddadi Rachid , Guiot Joël , Van Campo Elise
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The 4.2 ka BP event is defined as a phase of environmental stress
characterized by severe and prolonged drought of global extent. The event is
recorded from the North Atlantic through Europe to Asia and has led
scientists to evoke a 300-year global mega-drought. For the Mediterranean and
the Near East, this abrupt climate episode radically altered precipitation,
with an estimated 30 %–50 % drop in rainfall in the eastern basin. While many
studies have highlighted similar trends in the northern Mediterranean (from
Spain to Turkey and the northern Levant), data from northern Africa and
the central-southern Levant are more nuanced, suggesting a weaker imprint of this
climate shift on the environment and/or different climate patterns. Here, we
critically review environmental reconstructions for the Levant and show that,
while the 4.2 ka BP event also corresponds to a drier period, a different
climate pattern emerges in the central-southern Levant, with two arid phases
framing a wetter period, suggesting a W-shaped event. This is particularly
well expressed by records from the Dead Sea area.
Investigating cyclist interaction behavior through a controlled laboratory experiment
Authors: Yuan Yufei , Daamen Winnie , Goñi-Ros Bernat , Hoogendoorn Serge
Published: October 2018

Nowadays, there is a need for tools to support city planners in assessing the performance of cycling infrastructure and managing bicycles and mixed flows. Microscopic and macroscopic bicycle traffic models can be used to fulfill this need. However, fundamental knowledge on individual cyclist interaction behavior (which should underpin these models) is hardly available in literature. Detailed bicycle traffic data are necessary if we want to gain insight into cyclist interaction behavior and develop sound behavioral theories and models. Laboratory experiments have been proven to be one of the most effective ways to collect detailed traffic data. For this reason, a controlled experiment aimed to investigate cyclist interaction behavior has been carried out at Delft University of Technology. This paper describes the experimental design, the resulting microscopic bicycle trajectories, and some preliminary results regarding one of the most common interaction situations: the bidirectional interaction. The preliminary results reveal how and to what extent cyclists interact in bidirectional cycling. It is found that cyclists perform a clearly-visible evading (collision avoidance) maneuver when they have face-to-face encounters. During these maneuvers, changes in speed and displacements in the lateral direction are observed. Cyclists start to deviate from their original path when they are around 30 m from each other, and they strongly prefer passing on the right-hand side. Moreover, the expectation of gender differences in cycling behavior reported in the literature is confirmed: our results show that women generally cycle more slowly than men and deviate more from their intended paths in face-to-face encounters. More observations will be available in the next stage of data analysis. These findings can be used to formulate improved microscopic bicycle traffic models for infrastructure design and policy development.
La tercera edad en los contenidos informativos de la prensa digital. Estudio empírico de los encuadres noticiosos sobre las personas mayores de Castilla y León
Authors: Antón Crespo Margarita , Fernández Ramos María Yolanda
Published: October 2018

Esta investigación se ha centrado en analizar el posicionamiento de la prensa regional con respecto a la temática de una población más envejecida que en resto de España y Europa, la de la autonomía de Castilla y León. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del análisis de contenido sobre los encuadres noticiosos de la información sobre la tercera edad publicada en la prensa digital de mayor difusión de esta autonomía. Hemos analizado 799 noticias sobre las personas mayores publicadas en, todo tipo de géneros, en la prensa digital de mayor tirada difundida en Castilla y León. Para la realización del estudio se han aplicado los cinco tipos de encuadres noticiosos de Semetko y Valkenburg, al objeto de analizar el discurso latente y subjetivo de cada una de las informaciones elegidas para el análisis.
Recepción crítica del cine de acción hongkonés en EE.UU. (1985-1997): estrategias de legitimación artística
Authors: Aertsen Víctor
Published: October 2018

Durante los años noventa el cine de acción hongkonés despertó el interés de una serie de críticos norteamericanos. Pero se enfrentaban a varios retos que dificultaban su interpretación y valoración, al tratarse de películas procedentes de una cinematografía foránea, vinculados a un género popular y exhibían unas características difíciles de valorar aplicando los criterios habitualmente usados por la crítica cinematográfica occidental. Los críticos cautivados se vieron obligados a buscar estrategias discursivas que les permitieran poner en valor unas películas que encontraban loables, incluso fascinantes, pero resultaban fácilmente desdeñables según los parámetros habituales de la crítica occidental. El presente trabajo presente iluminar cómo se desarrolló este proceso de negociación, exponiendo el tipo de estrategias empleadas y criterios propuestos de cara a la valoración de un cine popular procedente de otro espacio cultural.
Evolución conceptual del museo como espacio comunicativo
Authors: Cordón Benito David
Published: October 2018

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una evolución conceptual del término museo que deja patente su concepción como espacio comunicativo. Para ello, se ha seleccionado una metodología consistente en un análisis temático de las principales definiciones aportadas por las organizaciones más destacadas en esta materia desde 1946 hasta la actualidad. Los resultados arrojan una concepción de la comunicación corporativa como herramienta estratégica de la gestión de estas organizaciones. Las conclusiones arrojadas demuestran cómo estas instituciones han reformulado sus objetivos a lo largo de los últimos años saliendo de su estatismo y convirtiéndose a través de la comunicación en espacios abiertos al público, más participativos y que promueven el diálogo y encuentro de diferentes agentes sociales.
Las tendencias ideológicas de los actores del plebiscito en Colombia: análisis en la prensa online
Authors: Londoño Alurralde Elina
Published: October 2018

Una vez concluida la negociación entre el Gobierno colombiano y la guerrilla de las Farc, el presidente Juan Manuel Santos convocó a un plebiscito para consultar a los colombianos si apoyaban o no el Acuerdo suscrito tras la negociación. Las campañas a favor y en contra del plebiscito destacaron las tendencias ideológicas del Gobierno y de los opositores del Acuerdo de paz, y los medios de comunicación desempeñaron un rol fundamental en ese escenario, pues no solo fueron el puente entre la mesa de negociación y el ciudadano, también fueron útiles a los intereses propagandísticos de los dos sectores políticos; esto se vio reflejado en la configuración de la información, que apeló con frecuencia a la citación del discurso de las dos partes.
Proceso organizativo del canal TVMICC durante los años 2008-2010: Análisis y Proyección
Authors: Iza Quinatoa María Dioselinda , Yantalema Bolivar
Published: October 2018

Esta investigación presenta el proceso del Movimiento Indígena Campesino del Cotopaxi (MICC) en la organización del primer canal indígena en el Ecuador: TVMICC-47 en los años 2008-2010. Con este propósito se compilaron los procesos sociales, la gestión administrativa y programática desarrollada por sus exdirigentes, evidenciándose la destacada participación de mujeres. El estudio es guiado por el método vivencial simbólico incorporado en el CCRISAC, cuyos momentos principales fueron: Vivienciado y Experienciando (trabajo de campo); Recuperando y Reencantando, (sistematización y reflexión); Significando y Resignificando, (sistematización detallada) e; Involucrándonos y Comprometiéndonos, (propuesta de programa). El estudio concluye que la participación del Movimiento Indígena Campesino de Cotopaxi, en las luchas forjadas por la CONAIE (Confederación de Nacionalidades Indígenas del Ecuador) a partir de 1990, por demandas en torno a la tenencia de la tierra, la existencia de un modelo educativo intercultural bilingüe, y un Estado Plurinacional, reconocido en la Constitución de 1998. Sin embargo, Ecuador sigue esperando que estos derechos se hagan efectivos en los hechos.
Entre la ontología heideggeriana y la marxiana. H. Marcuse y su interpretación de los manuscritos parisinos de Marx.
Authors: Magnet Colomer Jordi
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo aborda la recepción de los Manuscritos de economía y filosofía (1844) de K. Marx en la obra de H. Marcuse. En sus ensayos «Nuevas fuentes para la fundamentación del materialismo histórico» (1932) y «Sobre los fundamentos filosóficos del concepto científico-económico de trabajo» (1933), Marcuse empieza a tomar distancia respecto de su anterior pretensión de hallar un soporte ontológico para el materialismo histórico, recurriendo exclusivamente a la fenomenología existencial de Heidegger. A partir de la primera publicación de los Manuscritos de economía y filosofía en 1932, el autor berlinés buscará fundamentar ontológicamente el materialismo histórico con el recurso a la obra juvenil de Marx.Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, n° 8, julio-diciembre 2016: 123-144
COMPARAÇÃO DE DADOS ESTIMADOS PELO MÉTODO DA PONDERAÇÃO REGIONAL (PR) E DADOS ESTIMADOS PELO TRMM PARA O PREENCHIMENTO DE FALHAS DE PRECIPITAÇÃO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO PAJEÚ
Authors: Diaz Caio César Farias , Pereira João Antonio dos Santos , Nobrega Ranyere Silva
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho teve como objetivo preencher falhas de séries temporais de precipitação utilizando o método da ponderação regional e comparar os resultados com os dados de precipitação estimados pelo TRMM com fins de validação e eficácia de ambos os métodos para estudos climatológicos futuros. Para a realização deste trabalho, foram utilizados dados completos de precipitação observada de nove municípios, dados incompletos de precipitação de três municípios originados da APAC, do INMET e da FUNCEME e dados de precipitação estimados pelo satélite TRMM. Com estes dados foi submetido aos dados completos, o método da ponderação regional (PR) para se gerar os dados faltantes para os três municípios com falhas. Esses dados gerados foram submetidos a comparação por meio de erro médio e correlação com os dados estimados pelo TRMM. Os resultados mostraram que há um forte acompanhamento entre os dois tipos de dados estimados, bem como poucas disparidades entre os pares de dados e forte relação entre os dados estimados pela PR e o TRMM. Conclui-se assim, que os dois dados se convalidam e, portanto, possuem relevância para o preenchimento de falhas, sendo então, opcional, a utilização de um dos dois métodos.
ANÁLISE DE EROSIVIDADE DA CHUVA NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ AO LONGO DO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Netto Cirilo Freitas , Virgens Filho Jorim Sousa , Neves Gabriela Leite
Published: October 2018

A perda de solo por erosão hídrica afeta o desenvolvimento regional significativamente, gerando prejuízos extensos no campo e na cidade. O objetivo deste trabalho é estimar e analisar a erosividade da chuva nas diversas regiões do Estado do Paraná até o ano de 2100. Foram utilizados dados pluviométricos de 28 localidades, possibilitando a simulação das precipitações diárias, que por sua vez foram utilizadas para estimar a erosividade, considerados dois cenários futuros condicionados ao aumento da temperatura global. Verificou-se grande variação de erosividade nos diversas regiões, apresentando o mínimo de 6.157,15 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 ano-1 e o máximo de 17.522,30 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 ano-1 ao final do século XXI. Os resultados permitiram avaliar que a erosividade no Estado do Paraná, atingirá um valor crítico na região sudoeste e tende a decrescer do oeste para o leste.
VARIABILIDADE ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL E INTERANUAL DA CHUVA NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Sobral Bruno Serafini , Oliveira-Júnior José Francisco , Gois Givanildo , Terassi Paulo Miguel de Bodas , Muniz-Júnior João Gualberto Rodrigues
Published: October 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar a variabilidade espaço-temporal e interanual da chuva no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (ERJ) entre 1979 e 2009. Para isso foram utilizados dados de chuva de 99 estações pluviométricas, meteorológicas convencionais e automáticas distribuídas nas oito regiões de Governo do ERJ. As regiões de Governo com os maiores percentuais médios de falhas registradas foram Metropolitana, Costa Verde, Baixadas Litorâneas, Centro Sul, Médio Paraíba, Norte, Serrana e Noroeste. As falhas identificadas foram preenchidas com dados do produto 3B43 do satélite TRMM e com as normais climatológicas do INMET. A chuva média anual do período de estudo obtida para o estado foi de 1544 mm. As regiões Baixadas Litorâneas (2144 mm), Costa Verde (1912 mm), Médio Paraíba (1602 mm), Metropolitana (1571 mm) e Serrana (1547 mm) registraram média maior que a média estadual do período, enquanto as regiões Centro Sul (1307 mm), Noroeste (1235 mm) e Norte (1033 mm) ficaram abaixo da média. Todas as regiões registraram meses menos chuvosos em junho, julho e agosto. Já os meses com maiores totais de chuva foram registrados entre novembro e março, dependendo da região. A alta influência do relevo (altitude) no regime de chuva em todo o ERJ ficou caracterizada, principalmente nas Serras dos Órgãos e da Mantiqueira. As estações localizadas na vertente voltada para oceano Atlântico (barlavento) registraram as maiores médias anuais de chuva do estado, ao passo que regiões de relevo menos acidentado (Norte e Noroeste), ou com vertente voltada para continente (sotavento) das principais barreiras orográficas, registraram chuva média anual com valores inferiores à média estadual.
RISCO DE OCORRÊNCIA DE GEADAS NA REGIÃO CENTRO-SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Wrege Marcos Silveira , Fritzsons Elenice , Soares Márcia Toffani Simão , Prela-Pântano Angélica , Steinmetz Silvio , Caramori Paulo Henrique , Radin Bernadete , Pandolfo Cristina
Published: October 2018

O mapeamento dos riscos de geada é importante no planejamento das atividades agrícolas, permitindo escolher a cultura melhor adaptada a cada região e orientar sobre a melhor época para o cultivo. O risco de geadas é o responsável pela maior parte dos sinistros agrícolas no centro-sul do Brasil, ocasionando perdas econômicas em um grande número de anos, principalmente no inverno e, por isso, deve ser considerado para a produção agrícola, pecuária e florestal. Este trabalho apresenta mapas de risco de ocorrência de geadas nas diferentes zonas climáticas existentes nos estados do centro-sul do Brasil, utilizando sistemas geográficos de informações. As geadas foram calculadas usando dados de temperatura mínima no abrigo inferiores a 3 oC. Foram separados locais com risco maior que 50% e 60% de ocorrência de geadas, isto é, em cada 10 anos havia mais de cinco ou seis anos com pelo menos uma geada em julho. A região situada entre o sul do Paraná e o norte do Rio Grande do Sul é a de maior risco (acima de 50%), principalmente nos municípios de maior altitude, enquanto que a região costeira e nos vales de rios os riscos diminuem, em função da menor altitude e maior umidade. Entretanto, na Metade Sul do Rio Grande do Sul, mesmo com altitudes menores, o risco de ocorrência de geadas é alto devido à latitude. Este trabalho serve de base para estudos de zoneamento agrícola de riscos climáticos, os quais são importantes instrumentos de política agrícola para concessão de seguro e crédito agrícola.
INFLUÊNCIA DO CLIMA REGIONAL SOBRE O CLIMA LOCAL A PARTIR DO DIAGNÓSTICO DE ABRANGÊNCIA ESPACIAL E EXTRAPOLAÇÃO ESCALAR
Authors: Gobo João Paulo Assis , Galvani Emerson , Wollmann Cássio Arthur
Published: October 2018

O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi determinar a abrangência espacial do Índice Subtropical Brasileiro (ISB), desenvolvido por Gobo (2018) em Santa Maria-RS, para outras localidades do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, expandindo dados climáticos obtidos na escala local para a escala regional. Analisou-se estatisticamente a influência do clima regional sobre o clima local por meio de uma análise de agrupamento (cluster) para dados de temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar e velocidade do vento de nove estações meteorológicas municípios do Rio Grande do Sul, durante os mesmos dias e horários dos trabalhos de campo realizados em Santa Maria. Dessa forma, iniciou-se o processo de análise de agrupamento dos dados de estações meteorológicas que apresentassem similaridade, sendo definidas as variáveis a serem agrupadas. Foram geradas matrizes de proximidade no programa SPSS statistic 21 e posteriormente introduzidas no programa Multidendograms 2.1.0 para a elaboração dos dendrogramas de agrupamento. Após validações por meio cálculo do coeficiente cofonético, foram geradas duas análises de componentes principais, uma contendo a temperatura do ar, a velocidade do vento e a umidade relativa do ar como variáveis e a outra contendo estas três variáveis.  Resultados mostraram que, devido aos baixos coeficientes de correlação cofenética, apenas para o agrupamento da variável temperatura do ar houve um número maior de estações meteorológicas agrupadas, sendo um grupo com duas estações e outro com sete estações meteorológicas homogêneas. Também se verificou um grupo com duas estações meteorológicas na análise de agrupamento para a umidade relativa do ar; um grupo contendo três estações meteorológicas para o agrupamento da variável ISB; e um grupo com quatro estações meteorológicas na análise de agrupamento para a velocidade do vento. Em compensação a umidade relativa agrupa-se com praticamente todas as estações meteorológicas analisadas.
PRÁTICAS DE IDENTIFICAÇÃO DO PACIENTE EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA PEDIÁTRICA
Authors: Bernal Suelen Cristina Zandonadi , Raimondi Daiane Cortez , De Oliveira João Lucas Campos , Inoe Kelly Cristina , Matsuda Laura Misue
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: investigar práticas de identificação do paciente em unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica. Método: estudotransversal realizado em três hospitais públicos do Sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados (itens identificadores) foi realizadaem 2015, por meio de observação não participante e consulta em prontuário. Os dados foram analisados por estatísticadescritiva. Resultados: dos 96 pacientes observados, 94 (98%) tinham identificação próxima ao leito, por placa. Nãohouve nenhuma identificação por meio de pulseira. Nas placas identificadoras, constavam o nome da criança (95%),a idade (31%), e o nome do responsável (78%). Quando identificados pelo nome (n=89), 62 (70%) eram completos.Na prescrição médica e evolução de enfermagem, houve deficiências nos registros do nome completo, da data denascimento e do nome dos pais. Conclusão: Apesar da vasta gama de recursos, há deficiência na sistematização daidentificação do paciente, sendo uma implicação ao cuidado (in)seguro.
PANORAMA DA DENGUE NA REGIÃO SUL DO BRASIL DE 2001 A 2017
Authors: Dalla Vecchia Andreia , Beltrame Vilma , D’Agostini Fernanda Maurer
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: inventariar casos notificados por dengue clássica e óbitos na região Sul do Brasil entre 2001 e2017. Método: estudo descritivo-retrospectivo a partir de dados secundários do DATASUS/SINAN e das Secretarias deSaúde, analisados através de estatística descritiva. Resultados: observou-se aumento dos casos nos três estados: Paraná(PR) elevou casos autóctones para 94% nos últimos quatro anos, Santa Catarina (SC) para 95%, e Rio Grande do Sul(RS) para 83%, respectivamente, em 2015 e 2016. Observou-se crescente aumento de óbitos por dengue hemorrágica,principalmente no PR; em 2016, o primeiro óbito em SC; e aumento nos últimos dois anos no RS, mais de 90% emadultos. Conclusão: a região requer atenção dos órgãos de saúde, devido ao aumento de casos e óbitos por dengue,embora apresente a menor incidência da doença do país. Este estudo contribuiu para o conhecimento do cenário atuale da evolução da dengue na região Sul do Brasil.
ÉTICA E INTEGRIDADE: CONDUTAS PARA PRODUÇÕES CIENTÍFICAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Da Silva Fabiana Divina , Vera Ivânia , Elias Roberta Almeida , Lucchese Roselma , Fernandes Sara Da Costa , Lucas Sulamita Da Silva
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: apresentar uma análise de dispositivos legais, que sejam norteadores de pesquisas científicas no Brasil quantoà ética, integridade e seus aspectos, em relação às práticas inadequadas de conduta na produção do conhecimentocientífico. Método: a coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de pesquisa documental, correspondente às publicações de órgãosnorteadores de pesquisas científicas, lançadas entre os anos de 2010 e 2017. Resultados: a análise dos dados gerou umquadro de Orientações de Conduta e as Organizações geradoras. As fontes observadas apresentaram documentaçõesdiversificadas e concordância, no que diz respeito ao termo má conduta científica. Conclusão: percebeu-se que énecessário esforço por parte das instituições, nas ações preventivas e pedagógicas em relação à produção científica,bem como a padronização das regras de avaliação e de punição em má conduta.
The Effect of New Energy Vehicle Policies on Traffic Congestion: Evidence from Beijing
Authors: Ju Xuenan , Sun Baowen , Jin Jieying
Published: October 2018

This paper systematically summarizes Beijing’s new energy vehicle (NEV) policies (including lottery policy and driving-restriction policy) and investigates their impacts on traffic congestion. We propose that although the current NEV policies might alleviate air pollution by reducing exhaust emission, they could worsen Beijing’s traffic condition by increasing congestion probability. We suggest that the lottery policy increases the proportion of NEVs in the total number of newly-added vehicles. Moreover, as the NEVs are not subjected to driving-restriction policy, the number of vehicles travelling on the road will increase and the average velocity will decrease. Hence, traffic congestion is more likely to happen. By adopting general traffic flow model and TTI congestion probability model, empirical findings based on Beijing’s traffic data show that the higher the proportion of newly added NEV is, the larger the congestion probability will be, which support our proposition. In addition, we also simulate NEV policies with different settings (% of NEVs and the degree of driving restrictions). Finally, policy implications and future research directions are also discussed.
The Effects of Gymnastics Training Combined With Music in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Down Syndrome
Authors: Akyol Betül , Pektaş Songül
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gymnastics training combined with music on balance, loco-motor level and coordination in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and down syndrome (DS). This randomized, controlled experimental trial included 30 children (15 children with DS, 15 children with ASD) aged 8 to 14 years. The children were separated into 2 groups, as Group 1 in which ASD and Group 2 in which DS treated gymnastics training with music for 16 weeks, 2 days a week, 1.5-2 hours. Flamingo balance test, functional reach test, Wall Catch coordination test and flexibility test were used to evaluate balance, dynamic balance, loco-motor level and coordination, flexibility, respectively. All groups were evaluated before training and at the end of 16 weeks. When the pre-training and post-training parameters were compared between the groups, a increase was determined in the parameters of balance, loco-motor level and coordination, flexibility in Group1. This increase was statistically greater in Group 1. Statistically significant difference was determined in Group 2 with respect to functional reach test, sit and reach test values. No statistically significant difference was determined in Group 2 in respect of Flamingo and Wall Catch coordination tests. As a result; gymnastics training combined with music were found to be effective in increase balance score, improving loco-motor level, coordination, flexibility in children with DS and ASD. The results of this study can be considered to provide important contributions to the understanding and treatment of children with autism and down syndrome.
The Seaports of the Seine Axis Facing the Contemporary Maritime Industry Mutations
Authors: Serry Arnaud
Published: October 2018

The maritime industry is constantly evolving and striving for increased innovation. The past years have been exceptionally interesting. Major trends like globalisation and containerisation have reshaped the industry and continue to do it. These changes can be illustrated by the strategic alliances between ship-owners trying today to reshuffle the circulatory and port maps. Thus, in his constant search optimization, maritime transport requires continuous infrastructures’ adaptation. Due to an increasingly competitive environment, major seaports tend also to build up new strategies in order to become more attractive. It represents a system of spatial and temporal interactions and the territorial implications of supply chains and transportation are not negligible. In this respect, the paper proposes to analyse a singular location: the Seine Axis. This axis is concentrating on its territory the French first port complex and the fourth in Europe. This area combines a maritime interface structured around the ports of the River Seine estuary and a metropolitan interface which supplies a market of more than 11 million inhabitants in the Ile-de-France region. The communication aims to qualify the port system of the Valley of the Seine in order to analyze how it adapts to recent, rapid and numerous changes of the contemporary maritime world. The paper will address the attractiveness and efficiency of ports in a globalized economy, a highly competitive European context. The article is based on ports’ statistics utilizations and likewise on in-depth bibliographical research. The paper will also integrate some results from the CIRMAR platform which is using the Automatic Identification System (AIS) for the analysis of maritime traffic.
Framing Stakeholder Involvement in Sustainable Port Planning
Authors: Ignaccolo Matteo , Inturri Giuseppe , Le Pira Michela
Published: October 2018

This paper presents a framework to encompass stakeholder involvement in port planning processes, by specifically focusing on long-term strategic plans aimed at sustainability and designed to satisfy the needs of a port community and its surroundings. A classification of the main port stakeholders is presented, together with some traditional and non-conventional tools and methods that can be used to support the participation process, according to the degree of participation and the steps of the plan. This analysis takes its clue from the results of the EU PORTA project, aimed at setting a new system of guidelines to integrate regional planning and port management. Port authorities and local policy-makers can use the output of this analysis to understand how to deal with the complexity of multi actor decisions in port planning. By duly taking into consideration stakeholders’ needs and concerns it will be easier to find the most shared solutions pursuing port sustainability.
Regulation for Providing Medical First Aid/Medical Care on Board Ferry Vessels in Croatia: Update Proposal
Authors: Vukić Luka , Mulić Rosanda , Peronja Ivan , Slišković Merica
Published: October 2018

The Republic of Croatia is a leader in maritime passenger transport in the Adriatic with indications of the further growth. The paper analyses current regulations for providing medical care on board vessels in Croatia for the category C2 of navigation, referring to vessels in the national coastal navigation. The prescribed quantities of medicinal products and equipment on ferry vessels were compared with the data of most common diseases and injuries of passengers on board, retrieved from the relevant literature. The comparison was conducted based on two indicators: the frequency and urgency of diseases and injuries. The analysis indicated the insufficient quantity of medicines and equipment, especially in the cases of life-threatening medical conditions. The regulations should follow the growing maritime passenger transport, where the large inflow of passengers is expected regularly in the summer period. All the personnel on board appointed for the provision of medical care are required to provide immediate treatment, increase the level of preparedness, and improve the prevention of possible health risks onboard vessels. The authors want to emphasize the importance of passenger safety on board as well as the preservation of strategic resource for the Croatian economy.
Trochanteric pain in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty: A protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Axelrod Daniel , Madden Kim , Banfield Laura , Winemaker Mitchell , deBeer Justin , Wood Thomas
Published: October 2018

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most common surgical procedures. Although THA surgeries are typically very successful, between 3% and 17% of all patients experience trochanteric pain after surgery. Unfortunately, there remains little high quality and reproducible evidence surrounding this disorder, especially following total hip replacement. The objectives of this review are to describe, among pre-operative or post-operative primary THA patients the prevalence, treatments, prognosis, risk factors, and diagnostic methods available for trochanteric pain.

Methods: This is a protocol for a descriptive systematic review of trochanteric pain among THA patients. We will include studies of all study designs, with the exception of non-systematic reviews and expert opinion, with no date limits. We will search Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library using the Ovid search interface. We will also search the reference lists of included studies for possible missed studies. We will use the systematic review management software Rayyan to assist with study screening. Two reviewers will independently review studies for inclusion and extract data into a study-specific database.

Discussion: This study will add to the literature by comprehensively and systematically evaluating the available literature on trochanteric pain after THA. Previous studies have been conducted on the topic but they were not comprehensive or did not review the literature systematically. Additionally, our study will critically evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies, adding an evidence-based component to the review. This review will help orthopaedic surgeons better care for patients with trochanteric pain after THA, and will identify knowledge gaps for future research.

Registration: This protocol will be registered on PROSPERO
The discovery and importance of genomic imprinting
Authors: Ferguson-Smith Anne C , Bourchis Deborah
Published: October 2018

The discovery of genomic imprinting by Davor Solter, Azim Surani and co-workers in the mid-1980s has provided a foundation for the study of epigenetic inheritance and the epigenetic control of gene activity and repression, especially during development. It also has shed light on a range of diseases, including both rare genetic disorders and common diseases. This article is being published to celebrate Solter and Surani receiving a 2018 Canada Gairdner International Award "for the discovery of mammalian genomic imprinting that causes parent-of-origin specific gene expression and its consequences for development and disease".