bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional Architecture of the Rat Parasubiculum
Authors: Tang Qiusong , Burgalossi Andrea , Ebbesen Christian Laut , Sanguinetti-Scheck Juan Ignacio , Schmidt Helene , Tukker John J. , Naumann Robert , Ray Saikat , Preston-Ferrer Patricia , Schmitz Dietmar , Brecht Michael
Published: February 2016

The parasubiculum is a major input structure of layer 2 of medial entorhinal cortex, where most grid cells are found. Here we investigated parasubicular circuits of the rat by anatomical analysis combined with juxtacellular recording/labeling and tetrode recordings during spatial exploration. In tangential sections, the parasubiculum appears as a linear structure flanking the medial entorhinal cortex mediodorsally. With a length of ∼5.2 mm and a width of only ∼0.3 mm (approximately one dendritic tree diameter), the parasubiculum is both one of the longest and narrowest cortical structures. Parasubicular neurons span the height of cortical layers 2 and 3, and we observed no obvious association of deep layers to this structure. The “superficial parasubiculum” (layers 2 and 1) divides into ∼15 patches, whereas deeper parasubicular sections (layer 3) form a continuous band of neurons. Anterograde tracing experiments show that parasubicular neurons extend long “circumcurrent” axons establishing a “global” internal connectivity. The parasubiculum is a prime target of GABAergic and cholinergic medial septal inputs. Other input structures include the subiculum, presubiculum, and anterior thalamus. Functional analysis of identified and unidentified parasubicular neurons shows strong theta rhythmicity of spiking, a large fraction of head-direction selectivity (50%, 34 of 68), and spatial responses (grid, border and irregular spatial cells, 57%, 39 of 68). Parasubicular output preferentially targets patches of calbindin-positive pyramidal neurons in layer 2 of medial entorhinal cortex, which might be relevant for grid cell function. These findings suggest the parasubiculum might shape entorhinal theta rhythmicity and the (dorsoventral) integration of information across grid scales.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTGrid cells in medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) are crucial components of an internal navigation system of the mammalian brain. The parasubiculum is a major input structure of layer 2 of MEC, where most grid cells are found. Here we provide a functional and anatomical characterization of the parasubiculum and show that parasubicular neurons display unique features (i.e., strong theta rhythmicity of firing, prominent head-direction selectivity, and output selectively targeted to layer 2 pyramidal cell patches of MEC). These features could contribute to shaping the temporal and spatial code of downstream grid cells in entorhinal cortex.
Managing Multimorbidity: How Can the Patient Experience be Improved?
Authors: Hasardzhiev Stanimir , Mendão Luís , Nolte Wolfram , Aben Bert , Kadenbach Karin
Published: February 2016

The patient's experience of their own healthcare is an important aspect of care quality that has been shown to improve clinical and other outcomes. Very little is currently known about patient experience in the management of multimorbidity, although preliminary evidence suggests that it may be poor. Individuals with multimorbidity report better experiences of care when they are knowledgeable and involved in the decision-making, when their care is well coordinated, and communication is good. A greater focus on disease prevention, stronger collaboration between health and social care services, and the provision of more integrated care for people with mental and physical health problems would also help to improve the patient experience. Advocacy groups can amplify the patient voice and improve access to care, as well as provide information and support to patients and their families. Patients have an important role in preventing multimorbidity and improving its management, and should be involved in the development of health policies and the delivery of healthcare services. Inequalities in access to quality healthcare must also be addressed.
Primary hyperparathyroidism-Jaw tumor syndrome: a confusing and forgotten diagnosis
Authors: Piciu Doina , Piciu Andra , Barbus Elena , Pestean Claudiu , Larg Maria Iulia , Fetica Bogdan
Published: February 2016

Background. Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by the excessive growth of parathormone secretion, its consequence being hypercalcemia. The parathyroid adenoma is responsible for over half of primary hyperparathyroidism cases. The mandibular tumor can be the initial sign in the case of primary hyperparathyroidism.Case presentation. We present the case of a 33 year old patient with history of a mandibular operated tumor, repetitive pathological fractures and hypercalcemia manifestations. The level of the parathormone at the first measurement indicated a very high value. The parathyroid scintigraphy with 99mTc-MIBI (methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile) evidenced a high uptake of the tracerin the superior mediastinum, suggestive for an ectopic parathyroid adenoma. The histopathological examination after surgery leads to the diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma. The association between the primary hyperparathyroidism, the mandibular tumour, the clinical history and the nuclear imaging lead to the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism – Jaw tumor syndrome.Conclusion. The hyperparathyroidism-Jaw tumor syndrome has a special clinical importance because of the severe and progressive symptomatology, and because of the risk of developing neoplasia of parathyroid glands, which have a reserved prognosis.
Global Varicella Vaccine Effectiveness: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Marin Mona , Marti Melanie , Kambhampati Anita , Jeram Stanley M. , Seward Jane F.
Published: February 2016

CONTEXT:

Several varicella vaccines are available worldwide. Countries with a varicella vaccination program use 1- or 2-dose schedules.

OBJECTIVE:

We examined postlicensure estimates of varicella vaccine effectiveness (VE) among healthy children.

DATA SOURCES:

Systematic review and descriptive and meta-analysis of Medline, Embase, Cochrane libraries, and CINAHL databases for reports published during 1995–2014.

STUDY SELECTION:

Publications that reported original data on dose-specific varicella VE among immunocompetent children.

DATA EXTRACTION:

We used random effects meta-analysis models to obtain pooled one dose VE estimates by disease severity (all varicella and moderate/severe varicella). Within each severity category, we assessed pooled VE by vaccine and by study design. We used descriptive statistics to summarize 1-dose VE against severe disease. For 2-dose VE, we calculated pooled estimates against all varicella and by study design.

RESULTS:

The pooled 1-dose VE was 81% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 78%–84%) against all varicella and 98% (95% CI: 97%–99%) against moderate/severe varicella with no significant association between VE and vaccine type or study design (P > .1). For 1 dose, median VE for prevention of severe disease was 100% (mean = 99.4%). The pooled 2-dose VE against all varicella was 92% (95% CI: 88%–95%), with similar estimates by study design.

LIMITATIONS:

VE was assessed primarily during outbreak investigations and using clinically diagnosed varicella.

CONCLUSIONS:

One dose of varicella vaccine was moderately effective in preventing all varicella and highly effective in preventing moderate/severe varicella, with no differences by vaccine. The second dose adds improved protection against all varicella.
Changes in the ways of life of farmers in the northwest of Portugal after 1980
Authors: Fiúza Ana Louise de Carvalho , Schouten Maria Johanna , Pinto Neide Maria de Almeida
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT This study analyzes the changes from 1980s in the lifestyles of families of pluriactive and exclusively agricultural farmers in the northwest of Portugal caused by the income arising from the migration of at least one member of the family to another country in the European Union and the narrowing of the labor and consumer markets among the villages, towns and cities. The theoretical framework used to analyze the changes in the way of life of the pluriactive farmers was based on Giddens' theory of structuration, which denies both the absolute determinism of the structure on the subject and the freedom of unrestrained action of these same subjects. The study was carried out with the application of a survey to 78 farmers, divided into "pluriactive" and "exclusively agricultural" farmers. The findings pointed out to a greater aquisition of modes of urban life by pluriactive farmers compared with the exclusively agricultural farmers and showed a generational bias in this process of acculturation.
Estimativa da produtividade de café conilon utilizando técnicas de cokrigagem
Authors: Lima Julião Soares de Souza , Silva Samuel de Assis , Oliveira Rone Batista de , Fonseca Abel Souza da
Published: February 2016

RESUMO Estimar a variabilidade espacial de uma cultura em campo auxilia no entendimento de alguns fenômenos que podem estar correlacionados com a sua produtividade. Este trabalho teve, como objetivo, estimar, pelo método da cokrigagem, a produtividade (kg ha-1) do cafeeiro conilon, em três safras consecutivas, tendo como covariável o número de ramos produtivos (plagiotrópicos) por planta. No centro de uma lavoura, demarcou-se uma malha amostral, com 109 pontos georreferenciados, sendo cada ponto constituído por cinco plantas. Fez-se o acompanhamento, por três safras agrícolas consecutivas, contando-se os ramos produtivos e realizando-se a colheita manual. O café colhido foi separado, para cada estádio de maturação (cereja, verdoengo e verde), e secado para umidade padrão de 12%, determinando-se a produtividade de café seco em coco (kg ha-1). A produtividade e o número de ramos produtivos por ponto amostral apresentaram correlação linear e dependência espacial nas três safras. As estimativas das produtividades pelos números de ramos produtivos apresentaram similaridades na cokrigagem, mostrando ser a covariável ramo produtivo eficiente na estimativa da produtividade do café conilon (Robusta Tropical).
Impacts of vinasse and methods of sugarcane harvesting on the availability of K and carbon stock of an Argisol
Authors: Cardin Claudinei Alberto , Santos Carlos Henrique dos , Escarmínio Marcos Antonio
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT Soils of tropical regions are more weathered and in need of conservation managements to maintain and improve the quality of its components. The objective of this study was to evaluate the availability of K, the organic matter content and the stock of total carbon of an Argisol after vinasse application and manual and mechanized harvesting of burnt and raw sugarcane, in western São Paulo.The data collection was done in the 2012/2013 harvest, in a bioenergy company in Presidente Prudente/SP. The research was arranged out following a split-plot scheme in a 5x5 factorial design, characterized by four management systems: without vinasse application and harvest without burning; with vinasse application and harvest without burning; with vinasse application and harvest after burning; without vinasse application and harvest after burning; plus native forest, and five soil sampling depths (0-10 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50 cm), with four replications. In each treatment, the K content in the soil and accumulated in the remaining dry biomass in the area, the levels of organic matter, organic carbon and soil carbon stock were determined. The mean values were compared by Tukey test. The vinasse application associated with the harvest without burning increased the K content in soil layers up to 40 cm deep. The managements without vinasse application and manual harvest after burning, and without vinasse application with mechanical harvesting without burning did not increase the levels of organic matter, organic carbon and stock of total soil organic carbon, while the vinasse application and harvest after burning and without burning increased the levels of these attributes in the depth of 0-10 cm.
Motivação, satisfação profissional e evasão no serviço público: o caso da carreira de especialistas em Políticas Públicas e Gestão Governamental
Authors: Klein Fabio Alvim , Mascarenhas André Ofenhejm
Published: February 2016

Resumo Que fatores motivacionais afetam a retenção e a satisfação de servidores públicos? A questão é relevante para a administração pública brasileira, pois problemas de evasão e insatisfação profissional têm sido observados em várias carreiras públicas no país. Ao analisar a carreira dos especialistas em Políticas Públicas e Gestão Governamental (EPPGG), o artigo contribui à literatura sobre motivação no serviço público, que enfatiza a importância dos fatores motivacionais intrínsecos. A análise mostra que: i) a evasão relaciona-se a fatores extrínsecos, ligados à remuneração, enquanto ii) a satisfação relaciona-se não apenas a fatores extrínsecos, mas principalmente a fatores intrínsecos e simbólicos, ligados à natureza do trabalho. A contribuição à agenda de pesquisas reforça a importância de se considerar lógicas institucionais e aspectos culturais das carreiras públicas em estratégias para investigar as dinâmicas motivacionais que afetam as decisões profissionais dos servidores.
O estruturalismo genético de Lucien Goldmann e o estudo da prática do serviço social
Authors: Baptista Myrian Veras
Published: February 2016

Resumo: O artigo aborda a prática profissional de assistentes sociais e seu estudo e objetiva refletir sobre a utilização da ideia de estrutura significativa, desenvolvida por Lucien Goldman, como método de trabalho no Serviço Social, para apreender, a partir de análise sócio-histórica, as relações qualitativas existentes entre "a ambiência externa da prática e suas categorias internas". Enfatiza, nesse processo, a categoria totalidade, que é central no pensamento dialético e base da análise goldmanniana.
Arranjo produtivo local, política do espaço e flexibilização do trabalho
Authors: Barbosa Rosangela Nair de Carvalho
Published: February 2016

Resumo: Este artigo analisa a política nacional para Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL) nos governos do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT). Baseia-se em investigação qualitativa de documentos governamentais e títulos bibliográficos, demonstrando que a política pública visa mobilizar condicionalidades para alargar as fronteiras do capital em sua crise estrutural, ao mesmo tempo em que o APL se estrutura como um aparato ideológico estratégico para coalizão de classes nas regiões, encobrindo a desigualdade com o fetiche do desenvolvimento local para todos.
Características Socioeconômicas do Assentamento Banco da Terra, Nova Xavantina (MT): uma análise sob a ótica da adoção ou construção de conhecimentos
Authors: Moraes Murilo Didonet de , Sant'Ana Antonio Lázaro
Published: February 2016

Resumo: O presente trabalho analisa as formas pelas quais as características socioeconômicas dos produtores familiares influenciam o processo de adoção ou construção de conhecimentos, no Assentamento Banco da Terra, em Nova Xavantina (MT). O enfoque deste estudo, de caráter qualitativo, incluiu, além da pesquisa bibliográfica, observações de campo e a aplicação de 25 questionários junto aos produtores assentados. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que 40% dos agricultores pesquisados têm entre 41 e 50 anos de idade e 24% mais de 60 anos, a maioria não possui o Ensino Fundamental completo (68%) e a faixa de renda bruta mensal de 64% das famílias é de até dois salários mínimos por mês. A principal fonte de renda apresentada foi o arrendamento, mas também são importantes a renda resultante de trabalho externo ao estabelecimento e a proveniente de aposentadorias/pensões. Dessa forma, conclui-se que essas características apontadas servem como um alerta aos extensionistas locais, pois a promoção de conhecimentos altamente dependentes de mão de obra ou habilidades de maior complexidade apresentaria um alto risco de rejeição ou insucesso. Assim, o caminho mais assertivo a ser seguido pela extensão rural é partir desta realidade socioeconômica para estabelecer um diálogo com as famílias assentadas.
Temporal relationship between rainfall, temperature and occurrence of dengue cases in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Silva Fabrício Drummond , Santos Alcione Miranda dos , Corrêa Rita da Graça Carvalhal Frazão , Caldas Arlene de Jesus Mendes
Published: February 2016

Abstract This study analyzed the relationship between rainfall, temperature and occurrence of dengue cases. Ecological study performed with autochthonous dengue cases reported during 2003 to 2010 in São Luís, Maranhão. Data of rainfall and temperature were collected monthly. The monthly incidence of dengue cases was calculated by year/100,000 inhabitants. In order to identify the influence of climate variables and dengue cases different distributed lag models using negative binomial distribution were considered. Model selection was based on the lowest AIC (Akaike Information Criterion). Thirteen thousand, four hundred forty-four cases of dengue between 2003 and 2010 were reported, with peaks in 2005, 2007 and 2010. The correlation between rainfall and the occurrence of dengue cases showed increase in the first months after the rainy months. Occurrence of dengue cases was observed during all the period of study. Only rainfall-lag per three months showed a positive association with the number of cases dengue. Thus, this municipality is considered as an endemic and epidemic site. In addition, the relation between rainfall and dengue cases was significant with a lag of three months. These results should be useful to the future development of politics healthy for dengue prevention and control.
Estudos de avaliação do conhecimento nutricional de adultos: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Barbosa Lídia Bezerra , Vasconcelos Sandra Mary Lima , Correia Lourani Oliveira dos Santos , Ferreira Raphaela Costa
Published: February 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é revisar de forma sistematizada a literatura relativa a estudos que avaliaram o nível de conhecimento em nutrição de indivíduos adultos, com ênfase aos aspectos metodológicos e de conteúdo. Foi realizada busca de artigos na base de dados Medline, Lilacs e Scielo. Limitou-se a busca aos limites de espécie “humanos”, aos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol e idade (19 acima). Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos transversais, com indivíduos >18 anos e que avaliaram o nível de conhecimento sobre nutrição em aspectos gerais. A qualidade metodológica dos artigos foi avaliada usando-se o Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE). Foram encontrados 3.623 artigos na busca inicial. Após leitura de títulos, resumos e aplicação de critérios de exclusão, 25 artigos selecionados. Os resultados mostraram que o conhecimento nutricional na maioria dos estudos esteve associado a variáveis socioeconômicas e ao comportamento alimentar. A maioria dos estudos pertenciam à classe B (92%), na qual atendiam 50% a 80% dos critérios do STROBE. Os estudos revelaram a existência de uma maior tendência de avaliar a relação do conhecimento em nutrição com variáveis sociodemográficas e econômicas.
Thermal environment in two broiler barns during the first three weeks of age
Authors: H. Robinson Osorio , Tinoco Ilda F. F. , Osorio S Jairo A. , Mendes Luciano B. , Rocha Keller S. O. , G. Lina M. Guerra
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate the internal thermal environment of two broiler barns featuring different ventilation systems representative of Brazilian and South American poultry production industry: (a) a negative-pressure tunnel and (b) a positive-pressure lateral ventilation system. Environmental parameters such as dry bulb temperature, relative humidity and temperature-humidity index were assessed; temperature maps for day and night average conditions were determined for the first three weeks of life. Better uniformity of the thermal environment and comfort conditions inside the negative-pressure tunnel were found.
Environmental impacts of MIBA in geotechnics and road applications
Authors: Lynn Ciaran J , Ghataora Gurmel S , Dhir Ravindra K
Published: February 2016

This paper assesses the environmental impacts of municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash (MIBA) as a potential construction material in road pavements and geotechnical applications, through systematic analysis and evaluation of the global literature published in the English medium. The principal environmental concerns relate to the potential for leaching of the constituents contained in MIBA into surface and ground waters. MIBA is examined as an aggregate component in three application forms: unbound, hydraulically bound and bituminous bound. The evaluation of the papers concludes that the material is fit for use as an aggregate; however, standard ageing processing and at times washing treatments were considered necessary for the unbound form, where the possibility of contaminant release is the greatest. The presence of cement and bitumen as binder restricts the release of elements and alters the leaching behaviour from percolation to diffusion controlled. Concentrations released from both application types were below respective utilisation and water quality limits, suggesting that environmental impacts should not limit the potential use of MIBA in cement- and bituminous bound applications.
Kommunikationstechnik in der Prozessautomatisierung - mehr als Feldbus
Authors: Schwibach Martin
Published: February 2016

Die Kommunikationstechnik gewinnt in den letzten Jahren in der Prozessautomatisierung immer mehr an Bedeutung. Nachdem jahrzehntelang nach Ablösung von pneumatischen Systemen das elektrische 4-20 mA Einheitssignal die kommunikationstechnische Basis für fast alle automatisierungstechnischen Anwendungen war, setzte in den 90er-Jahren mit der explosionsartigen Entwicklung der IT auch in der Automatisierungstechnik ein Wandel ein. Dieser hat bis heute die Systemarchitekturen nachhaltig verändert. Schlagworte wie HART, OPC oder Feldbus drängten sich dabei immer mehr in den Mittelpunkt. Heute sind vernetzte Automatisierungssysteme Standard. Eine systemübergreifende Kommunikation, die horizontale und vertikale Informationsintegration oder der Fernzugriff gehören zum Alltag. Zuverlässigkeit und Verfügbarkeit, Nachhaltigkeit und Investitionssicherheit, dies sind die Rahmenbedingungen, die jede neue Lösung erfüllen muss, um erfolgreich in verfahrenstechnischen Anlagen eingesetzt werden zu können. Was bedeutet dies konkret? Durch den Einsatz von modernen Kommunikationstechnologien dürfen bislang gesetzte Anforderungen an bestehende Übertragungstechnologien nicht umgangen werden. Dies gilt insbesondere in Bezug auf funktionale Sicherheit, Verfügbarkeit, Explosionsschutz und EMV. Auch weiterreichende Anforderungen z. B. an Interoperabilität, IT Security oder Diagnose sind zu beachten. Die NAMUR hat in den vergangenen Jahren hierzu eine Vielzahl von Papieren veröffentlicht, die als Anhaltspunkt dienen können. Die Potentiale für den Einsatz von modernen Kommunikationstechnologien liegen eindeutig da, wo konventionelle Lösungen bislang unwirtschaftlich oder ungeeignet waren. Es sind also neue, wertschöpfende Anwendungen und es ist nicht allein der störungsfreie Betrieb von Systemen, die den Einsatz und die Weiterentwicklung von kommunikationstechnischen Strukturen in der Automatisierungstechnik rechtfertigen. Der Nutzen für den Anwender muss dabei stets im Mittelpunkt stehen.
Social characteristics of minor pregnant women who decided to keep the baby, in a metropolis (by the example of St. Petersburg)
Authors: Mikhailin Evgeny Sergeevich
Published: February 2016

The article presents the social characteristics of minor pregnant women who gave birth in SPbSBI “Maternity Hospital N 10”, where there is the city Center for management of pregnancy and childbirth in minors “Little Mother”. According to our data, the most important social aspects of pregnancy among minors were earlier onset of sexual activity (14,5 ± 1,5 years), low educational level and social status, single-parent families and personal disorder. Late registration in the regional policlinic promotes late antenatal detection and impossibility of the prevention of pregnancy complications. The obtained results are generally consistent with those of other authors, also pointing to the low social and economic level of life and accident of early pregnancies in minors female.
Current methods for evaluation of the vaginal microbiocenosis
Authors: Rybina Elena Vladimirovna
Published: February 2016

The article reviews literature data on the history of research into the microflora of the genital tract, as well as current views about the vaginal microbiota. Definitions of the vaginal microflora in norm and diseases, such as bacterial vaginosis and vaginitis are presented. Data on main methods of laboratory diagnostics used for the investigation of the vaginal microbiocenosis are summarized. It was concluded that there is a need in further optimization and standardization of the current methods for evaluation of the vaginal biotope.
The Scientific School of academician G. E. Rein(to the 160th anniversary of birth)
Authors: Kira Evgeniy Fedorovich , Kozovenko Mikhail Nikonovich , Kazieva Zaira Magomedovna
Published: February 2016

For the first time in the history of obstetrics and gynecology gives information about the structure and activities of the scientific school of academician G. E. Rein, implemented in the first half of the 20th century not only in Russian Empire, the RSFSR and the USSR, but at the medical faculty of Sofia University (Bulgaria). The best of the students, who founded their own schools in the USSR are identified. They included professors, headed the departments of obstetrics and gynecology in Russian, Soviet and Bulgarian universities (medical schools): G. G. Bruno, V. L. Lozinsky, A. P. Neelov, G. F. Pisemsky, A. A. Redlikh, K. K. Skrobansky, I. V. Sudakov, A. P. Yakhontov, also D. Stamatov and B. Trichkov. Under the guidance of academician G. E. Rein they not only acquired practical skills or solved scientific problem of his time, but continued to develop their own original ideas and research directions suggested by his teacher, sharing and improving the proposals in obstetrics and gynecology. During the Civil War (1918-1920) scientific school of academician G. E. Rein suffered significant losses: in Kiev was killed professor G. G. Bruno (1919), Petrograd professor A. A. Redlikh (1919), the founder of the school, emigrated from Russia... To this day, its activity has not been the object of research, although prominent members of this school have achieved outstanding success, becoming one of the first academicians of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences in specialty “Obstetrics and Gynecology” (K. K. Skrobansky) or the founder of the national Obstetrics and Gynecology in Bulgaria (D. Stamatov). Hence, further research in the field of formation and activity of the scientific school of academician G. E. Rein is an actual scientific task.
Conceptual Grounds of Pedagogical Research of Cross-Cultural Communication Experience Formation of University Students
Authors: Kolbina Tetiana
Published: February 2016

The conceptual model of cross-cultural communication experience formation of university students as the invariant model for training specialists of all types has been developed. The research is realized both at the theoretical and practical levels and is stipulated by the determined contradictions that confirm its urgency. The research of cross-cultural communication formation is based on the studied approaches as well as the leading pedagogic paradigms. Their application is proved by the theoretical theses. They serve as grounds for projecting the conceptual model of cross-cultural communication formation of university students, which is characterized by structural and functional components. The model proposed by the author is invariable for specialists’ preparation in any sphere and essential for the pedagogic process organization on the scientific grounds.
Challenges Posed by Alien Culture Diffusion for Employees of Call Centers in Mumbai
Authors: Hegde Sandeep
Published: February 2016

Since the last decade, there has been a tremendous growth in the call center businesses in several metropolitan and urban cities in India. Mumbai city is no exception to this sudden boom. The call center businesses employ over 500,000 nascent employees in the age group of 18 – 28 yrs in Mumbai. The nature of outsourced work along with the odd working hours in this industry leads to high employee attrition in the call centers. Job satisfaction, high levels of stress, health issues, employee safety and career prospects are some of the reasons cited by industry experts as some of the factors leading to absenteeism and high employee turnover. This study facilitates the understanding of the extent of impact of call center job profile and the related challenges that its poses to the employees of call centers.
Game Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy on Improving Social Skills in Children with AD - Hyperactive in Sanandaj
Authors: Rahmani Sharmin , Majidi Rezgar
Published: February 2016

The purpose of this study, the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral play therapy to improve social skills in children with AD - more active Sanandaj. Is a quasi-experimental study pretest – post test control group not equivalent. The study population consisted of all elementary school students with "11-9" years , referring to a centers of learning disorders in Sanandaj 94-95 . Using convenience sampling of 20 children with learning disorders were selected and assigned to two experimental and control groups. For data collection, a checklist was used to assess social skills children Matson. After 10 sessions of cognitive-behavioral play therapy was applied to the experimental group, the results showed that the game - the treatment is to increase and improve social skills.
An interesting pathological diagnosis: Angiosarcoma of breast
Authors: Ingle Sachin Balchandra , Girji Datta Dhondigir
Published: February 2016

Primary angiosarcoma of breast is an extremely unusual variant of breast malignancies and its incidence is about 0.05% of all primary breast malignancies. Herein, we are presenting an unusual case of an 84 year old female patient with primary angiosarcoma of breast, which was diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and confirmed with histopathology and immunohistochemistry approaches. She was treated with modified radical mastectomy (MRM), followed by radiotherapy and was observed to be recovering well based on the last 10 months of her post-treatment follow-up visit.
Genetics of seed related attributes in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]
Authors: Patel J. B. , Patel Hiral , Sharma S. C. , Acharya S.
Published: February 2016

An investigation to study the genetics of seed related attributes was undertaken in cowpea. Three crosses (GC 2 x PGCP 5, GC 2 x PGCP 13 and GC 516 x PGCP 1) along with its parental seed, F2, BCI and BCII made the complete set of si generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BCI and BCII) for genetic analysis. The experiment was laid out in a Compact Family Block Design with three replications during kharif 2011. A single replication comprised of one row of parents and F1, two rows of the backcrosses generations, BCI and BCII and four rows of the F2. Genetics of seed related attributes, viz., flower colour, seed colour, seed surface, pod beak colour, calyx pigmentation and pod colour at maturity, were studied following Chisquare test of statistical significance. The results evident that flower colour in all the three crosses studied appeared to be controlled by single gene inheritance with violet flower colour dominant over white flower colour. Similarly, seed surface, pod beak colour and calyx pigmentation also appeared to be controlled by single gene inheritance, in which smooth seed surface dominant over rough seed surface, green pod beak colour dominant over red pod beak colour and green calyx pigmentation dominant over red calyx pigmentation. The inheritance of seed colour and pod colour at maturity appeared to be controlled by two gene interactions with supplementary gene action, with dominance of black seed colour over brown and white seed colour, and black pod colour dominant to red and brown colour. Dominance expression of different characters could be utilized as a good marker for different breeding activities.
Secondary and tertiary structure prediction of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) protein
Authors: Choudhary Sharda , Singh Ravindra , Meena R. S. , Jethra Geetika
Published: February 2016

In-silico development of protein models in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) has opened up new vistas using the modern computational tools. The identification of protein in fenugreek having homology with the protein domain of humans and E-coli shows that the database available on Apiaceae family are very low. The estimated molecular weight of identified for fenugreek AM-1 protein was 11372.8 and was predicted as basic. A channel in fenugreek transmembrane protein has been identified through which a ligand (an ion or a small molecule) might pass. The present finding may be a valuable addition to the proteomic information available on fenugreek. Further validation can be performed using wet lab experiments.
Response of greengram-safflower cropping sequence to phosphorus management in relation to yield, nutrient uptake and phosphorus use efficiency in Vertisols
Authors: Gabhane V. V. , Sonune B. A. , Paslawar A. N. , Mali D. V. , Harle S. M.
Published: February 2016

Field experiment was conducted during 2006-2007 to study the effect of phosphorus management in greengram-safflower sequence in a Vertisol. The twelve treatments and three replications designed in RBD consisted of 100% RDF (20:40:20 NPK kg/ ha to greengram and 25:25:25 NPK kg/ ha to safflower), 50% recommended P, No P, 50% recommended P + PSB (25 g/ kg seed), 5 t FYM/ ha, 5 t FYM/ ha + PSB applied in various combinations to greengram in kharif and safflower in rabi season. The results indicated that application of 100 % recommended P along with recommended N and K significantly enhanced the yield of greengram and safflower. However, these results were comparable with application of 50 % P (20 kg/ ha to greengram and 12.5 kg/ ha to safflower) + PSB along with recommended dose of N (20 kg/ ha to greengram and 25 kg/ ha to safflower) and K (20 kg/ ha to greengram and 25 kg/ ha to safflower) to greengram and safflower in crop productivity with higher nutrient uptake and apparent nutrient balance. The higher P use efficiency was observed with the application of 50 % recommended P to both the crops alongwith PSB.
Effect of botanicals and biofungicide on controlling tikka disease (Cercospora sp.) of groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)
Authors: Hasan M. M. , Hossain I. , Kashem M. A. , Mondal M. M.A. , Rafii M. Y. , Latif M. A.
Published: February 2016

The leaf spot or Tikka disease (Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum) of groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) is a predominant, devastating and economically important foliar fungal disease and a major yield reducing factor of groundnut, not only in Bangladesh, but also all over the world. The yield loss was calculated in the groundnut variety Dhaka-1 due to early and late leaf spot (Tikka) by over 30-48% in Bangladesh. The efficacy of NLEFS (Azadirachta indica), DebLEFS (Polyalthia longifolia), DLEFS (Datura metel), Trichoderma based biofungicides (BBST, BBFS and BBSFS) along with a check (Bavistin) and control were evaluated in the pot and field research. Among the treatments, BBSFS, NLEFS, DLEFS and DebLEFS showed better performance in controlling leaf spot and increasing pod yield by 53.61, 51.91, 40.85 and 38.72%, respectively as compared to control in the field. In case of seedling germination, BBSFS gave 97.77% germination followed by NLEFS (88.14%), DLEFS (93.33%) and DebLEFS (95.55%). BBSFS produced higher length and weight of shoot and root and vigour index as compared to control. Maximum vigour index was observed under BBFS (1583.88). BBSFS gave higher plant height, number of leaves and minimum number of infected leaves in the pots and field as compared to control. Minimum leaf area diseased was obtained with BBSFS followed by Bavistin in the field. Biofungicide (BBST, BBFS and BBSFS), NLEFS, DLEFS and DebLEFS showed promising performance in number and weight of pods and pod yield in the pots and field. Maximum weight of pods/plant and weight of mature pods/plant was achieved with BBSFS (20.05 g and 18.55 g) followed by NLEFS (19.83 g and 18.22 g). The highest net profit was recorded with the use of BBSFS by Tk. 176768.00/ha followed by NLEFS Tk. 172275.00/ha, BBFS Tk. 168818.00/ha, while the lowest Tk. 96443.00/ha in untreated control. Maximum Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) 1: 2.77 was found in BBSFS followed by BBST (1: 2.65), BBFS (1: 2.64) and NLEFS (1:2.62).
Effect of times and levels of inoculum of Trichoderma for controlling root rot and collar rot of lentil
Authors: Kashem M. A. , Rafii M. Y. , Mondal M. M.A. , Islam M. S. , Latif M. A.
Published: February 2016

The experiments were carried out during 2010 to 2011 to find out the time of application and level of inoculum of T. harzianum for controlling root rot (F. solani) and collar rot (S. rolfsii) of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik). F. solani and S. rolfsii and their antagonist, Trichoderma were collected from different pulses growing areas of Bangladesh. The experiments were carried out following CRD with five replications. Fourteen isolates of Trichoderma were tested against F. solani and S. rolfsii under Dual Culture Technique. The inhibition was ranged from 60.42 to 99.27% at 10 DAI against F. solani and from 64.07-99.41% at 6 DAI against S. rolfsii. The highest inhibition 99.27% against F. solani was found in isolate, Th-2 and 99.41% was found in isolate TG-2 against S. rolfsii. In the pot, the treatment of soil with the Th-2 isolate of T. harzianum at 2g/kg shown the highest germination (96.67%) and plant stand (81.67%) and the lowest root rot (15.52%), where the isolate of TG-2 of T. harzianum at 20g/kg of soil was observed better for controlling S. rolfsii. T. harzianum (Th-2) increased germination (17.86%), plant stand (171.43%), vigour index (33.27%) and yield (260.74%) over control against root rot. T. harzianum (TG-2) also increased germination (248%), plant stand (600%), vigour index (865.91%) and yield (1209.81%) of lentil over control against collar rot. The soil treatment with Trichoderma at 9, 6 and 3 days before sowing and also at the time of sowing showed significantly better effect in increasing germination, plant stand and reducing root rot and collar rot compared to control. The highest germination, seed yield and lower root rot was obtained by treating soil with Trichoderma before 9 days of sowing against both the pathogens.
A surfactant-free solvothermal synthesis of Cu2O microcrystals and their photocatalytic activity
Authors: Wang Hongmei , Lu Zhufeng , Lu Dingze , Li Chunhe , Fang Pengfei , Zhou Dapeng
Published: February 2016

The Cu2O octahedral microcrystals have been successfully fabricated by a surfactant-free solvothermal approach. The morphology and structure of the as-prepared sample were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and UV-Vis spectroscopy. It was found that the structure and morphology of Cu2O microcrystals were strongly affected by synthesis time and temperature. Based on the time-dependent experiment, the possible formation mechanism of Cu2O octahedral microcrystals was proposed. The photocatalytic activities of as-prepared Cu2O samples were also evaluated for degradation of methyl orange under visible-light irradiation. The results showed that the Cu2O synthesized at 180 °C for 4 h had a better photocatalytic performance due to its high percentage of exposed (111) crystal facet and the lowest band gap energy.
Differences in postural disturbances between female adolescents handball players and nontraining peers
Authors: Jandric Slavica
Published: February 2016

Background/Aim. Physical activity and sport can influence the extent of the
presence of the postural disturbances in children. The aim of this study was
to investigate the occurrence of differences in the postural disturbances in
female adolescents in relation to team handball training. Methods. This
investigation involved 150 female adolescents with the average age of 13.4 ?
1.5 years divided into two groups (50 adolescents trained handball and 100
did non train it). Results. The study determined a statistically significant
difference in the total number of postural disturbances between the two
groups of adolescents (p < 0.001). The presence of the flat foot was
statistically significantly higher in untrained adolescents (p < 0.001), but
the presence of the scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis, and pes varus was not
found (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Handball adolescents players have less
postural disturbances than untrained adolescents. Flat foot is significantly
less frequent in female adolescents handball players than in untrained ones.
Findings obtained in this investigation can help us in planning continuous
prevention, observation and care for untrained and trained team handball
female adolescents with postural disturbances.
Psychometric properties of a novel knowledge assessment tool of mechanical ventilation for emergency medicine residents in the northeastern United States
Authors: Richards Jeremy B. , Strout Tania D. , Seigel Todd A. , Wilcox Susan R.
Published: February 2016

Purpose: Prior descriptions of the psychometric properties of validated knowledge assessment tools designed to determine Emergency medicine (EM) residents understanding of physiologic and clinical concepts related to mechanical ventilation are lacking. In this setting, we have performed this study to describe the psychometric and performance properties of a novel knowledge assessment tool that measures EM residents’ knowledge of topics in mechanical ventilation.Methods: Results from a multicenter, prospective, survey study involving 219 EM residents from 8 academic hospitals in northeastern United States were analyzed to quantify reliability, item difficulty, and item discrimination of each of the 9 questions included in the knowledge assessment tool for 3 weeks, beginning in January 2013. Results: The response rate for residents completing the knowledge assessment tool was 68.6% (214 out of 312 EM residents). Reliability was assessed by both Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.6293) and the Spearman-Brown coefficient (0.6437). Item difficulty ranged from 0.39 to 0.96, with a mean item difficulty of 0.75 for all 9 questions. Uncorrected item discrimination values ranged from 0.111 to 0.556. Corrected item-total correlations were determined by removing the question being assessed from analysis, resulting in a range of item discrimination from 0.139 to 0.498. Conclusion: Reliability, item difficulty and item discrimination were within satisfactory ranges in this study, demonstrating acceptable psychometric properties of this knowledge assessment tool. This assessment indicates that this knowledge assessment tool is sufficiently rigorous for use in future research studies or for assessment of EM residents for evaluative purposes.
Perceptions of pharmacy clerkship students and clinical preceptors regarding preceptors’ teaching behaviors at Gondar University in Ethiopia
Authors: Melaku Tadesse , Bhagavathula Akshaya Srikanth , Getaye Yonas , Admasu Sewunet , Alkalmi Ramadan
Published: February 2016

This study aimed to compare the perceptions of pharmacy clerkship students and clinical preceptors of preceptors’ teaching behaviors at Gondar University. A cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacy clerkship students and preceptors during June 2014 and December 2015. A 52-item structured questionnaire was self-administered to 126 students and 23 preceptors. The responses are presented using descriptive statistics. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied to test the significance of differences between students and preceptors. The response rate was 89.4% for students and 95.6% for preceptors. Statistically significant differences were observed in the responses regarding two of the five communication skills that were examined, six of the 26 clinical skills, and five of the 21 parameters involving feedback. The mean scores of preceptors (2.6/3) and students (1.9/3) regarding instructors’ ability to answer questions were found to be significantly different (P= 0.01). Students and preceptors gave mean scores of 1.9 and 2.8, respectively, to a question regarding preceptors’ application of appropriate up-to-date knowledge to individual patients (P= 0.00). Significant differences were also noted between students and instructors regarding the degree to which preceptors encouraged students to evaluate their own performance (P= 0.01). Discrepancies were noted between students and preceptors regarding preceptors’ teaching behaviors. Preceptors rated their teaching behaviors more highly than students did. Short-term training is warranted for preceptors to improve some aspects of their teaching skills.
Bibliography of Mirko Ramovš
Authors: Kunej Rebeka
Published: February 2016

-
Embodied Cultural Memories of the Punjab. Giddha Dance and Song in Migrant London Spaces
Authors: David Ann R.
Published: February 2016

Using detailed ethnographic fieldwork carried out in the area of Southall in west London, UK, this article examines the performance of the Punjabi folk dance of giddha in its community settings as well as its staged appearance in folk dance competitions. I argue for the power of performance to create and sustain cultural continuity in migrant settings, focusing on Southall where specific Punjabi histories, memories and identities are yoked together in several generations of diasporic existence.
***
Z metodo natančnega etnografskega terenskega dela je raziskano uprizarjanje pandžabskega ljudskega plesa giddha tako v skupnosti kakor tudi v odrski postavitvi na revijah ljudskih plesov v Southallu v zahodnem delu Londona. Poudarjena je moč uprizoritev, da ustvarjajo in ohranjajo kulturo, osredinjeno na Southall, kjer so zgodovina, spomini in identitete, specifični za pandžabsko skupnost, združeni v več generacijah diaspore.