bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Central Place Theory: A Case Study on Uzbekistan
Authors: Jamoliddinov Fakriyor , Dsilva Jacinta
Published: July 2019

Economic Geography is a sub-branch of geography that deals with issues such as the location, place, economic activities, human activities, and how these factors are interlinked to help understand the distribution of organizations and activities. This field can be further broken down to evaluate the factors on an individual level. Space or location analysis is where local growth models are treated as an economic resource that provides a strategic advantage for the firms located in them. Therefore, it is trivial to emphasize the importance of location for economic activity; however, only recently, it has been given due considerations by economic theory.  The purpose of this study is to evaluate how the physical dimensions of Uzbekistan have improved the economy in recent times compared to the Soviet era and to investigate the central place theory about Mahallas. The methodology utilized for this paper was country-specific research and existing studies on space and location analysis.  The paper also focuses on evaluating the renowned Central Place theory by Walter Christaller and its application using Uzbekistan as a case.  This is a conceptual paper; therefore, literature review and recommendations based on previous studies will be the prime methodology.  The findings based on extensive research confirm that there has been incremental growth in space and location analysis.  It was also found that Uzbekistan has successfully utilized its space and territories for economic development.  Also, the Central Place theory was applied in an interesting manner to Mahallas in Uzbekistan.  Finally, the paper also highlights the importance of technological advancement and transportation to the success of economic development.  This study follows a conceptual approach. Therefore, the limitation is to utilize the theories conducted by other researchers and apply them to Uzbekistan.  Another practical limitation is that the researchers should have extensive knowledge about the country-specific in this case, Uzbekistan.  Future studies can be done on conducting quantitative research using some of the empirical models from economic geography.  This research paper contributes to the existing body of research on locational analysis and regional studies as well as economic development.  There has been limited research conducted on economic development of Uzbekistan; a growing economy post-soviet era, and therefore, it is important to evaluate the significant contribution.
Islamic law in the legacy of Shihabetdin Marjani
Authors: Adygamov R. K.
Published: July 2019

The article deals with various legal aspects as recorded in the works by Shihabetdin Marjani, an outstanding Tatar religious philosopher and an encyclopaedic writer. Surprisingly but the legacy of such an outstanding scholar has not yet received a detailed study. Traditionally he is being seen mainly as historian whereas his legacy comprises a significant number of works on Islamic law, its history, various liturgical problems, as well as fasting and interfaith marriages. The author of the article makes an effort to fill this gap He examined the main theological works by Marjani, analyzed his views on ijtihad and taklid, the history of Islamic law, the problems of prayer and fasting, etc.
The Phenomenon of Reading and Knowledge
Authors: Bolbol I. H. M.
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the Muslim view on reading and its role in the intellectual and practical life of humans. The author provides an analysis of the theological perception of this skill. He stresses the fact that that reading opens the “door of knowledge”. In its turn, the phenomenon of knowledge and its boundaries is one of the most important categories in Muslim epistemology. Therefore, the author considers the phenomenon of reading and its importance in the study and further development of such disciplines as linguistics, literature, rhetoric. Adequate understanding of the text by its recipient is not always a straightforward process. Therefore, the potential mistakes, which emerge during this process as well as the ways of their rectification receive a detailed analysis and subsequent recommendations.
Philosophical and psychological aspects of the attitude to death in Islam. The awareness of the inevitability of death and ways of overcoming the fear
Authors: Safin R. Sh.
Published: July 2019

The article offers an overview of a series of philosophical and psychological researches regarding the attitude of a person to his death. The author compares the phenomena of the acceptance and denial of the very fact of a death from the point of view of their efficiency as psychological phenomena. A particular attention is paid to the religious perception and awareness of this phenomenon as well as compared the relationship of the categories of fear of death and religious perception of the world. The main argument is an attempt to outline the decisive aspects of the attitude to death that forms the religious faith of Muslims and the level of efficiency the Islamic creed provides to an individual to cope with the fear of death. The author has made an attempt to identify the factors, which made a fundamental impact on the Muslims’ perception of the world and its order.
Emigration to Germany in Turkish literature of the XX–XXI centuries
Authors: Avrutina A. S. , Ryzhenkov A. S.
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the history of Turkish emigration to Germany in the 20th-21st Cent. This is in a way a novelty both in the modern Turkish literature as well as in the studies, which analyze the reflection of this process in modern Turkish literature. For the first time, this topic was raised in the 1940s, in the novel by Sabahattin Ali (1907–1948), who had been studying in pre-war Germany for some time/ Based on his personal impressions and recollections he wrote a love/political novel “Madonna clade in a fur coat” (1943). Subsequently this topic was also raised in the works by Füruzan (born 1932) and the Turkish Nobel Prize winner Orhan Pamuk (born 1952). The present article discusses the phenomenon of transformation of either personal or somebody else’s experience as reflected by a number of Turkish authors. This fact has ultimately shaped the acute problems as discussed in the Turkish literature and was instrumental for the formation of a whole trend in the modern Turkish literature, i.e. the Turkish émigré literature (Emine Sevgi Özdamar, (born 1946)). The aim of the article is to show the trends in the modern Turkish literature, which preceded the making of the literature of the Turkish diaspora abroad.
Тхе Russian-Arabic dictionary of Russian proverbs and sayings
Authors: Hasan D. N.
Published: July 2019

The article comprises a communication by Dr. Dyya Nafi, the professor at the University of Baghdad, (at present of the city of Vladimir, Russia) given at the XII Conference of Arabists of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (November 27–29, 2017, Moscow) on the first Russian-Arabic dictionary of proverbs and sayings, which was published by the publishing house “Nowar” (Baghdad) in 2017. The communication stresses that the comparative paremiological studies of the Russian and Arab sources were conducted both in Iraq (the Russian Department of the Baghdad University) and in Russia. As an example the speaker did refer to the book “The Comparative Study of Russian and Arab Proverbs” (Baghdad, 1978) as well as the Russian-Arabic Phraseological Dictionary (Moscow, 1989). In addition to these groundbreaking works were prepared a number of relevant MA and PhD thesis. The speaker has stressed the fact that his own research with regard to its volume and structure is offers sufficiently more information in comparison to the already published works and is the first dictionary of this kind published in Arabic.
The resilient emotional brain: a review of mPFC and limbic structure and function in resilient adults with a history of childhood maltreatment
Authors: Moreno-Lopez Laura , Ioannidis Konstantinos , Askelund Adrian Dahl , Smith Alicia , Schüler Katja , Van Harmelen Anne-Laura
Published: July 2019

Childhood Maltreatment (CM) is one of the strongest predictors of adult mental illness, though not all adults with CM develop psychopathology. Here, we describe how emotional brain structure and functioning may contribute to such resilient functioning after CM. We review studies that report medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), amygdala and hippocampus (‘limbic regions’) structure, function, and/or connections in resilient (i.e. CM without psychopathology) vs. vulnerable adults (i.e. CM with psychopathology), or vs. healthy adults without CM. We find that resilient adults have larger hippocampal grey and white matter volume, and increased connectivity between the central executive network and limbic regions. In addition, resilient adults have improved ability to regulate emotions through mPFC-limbic downregulation, lower hippocampal activation to emotional faces, and increased amygdala habituation to stress. We highlight the need for longitudinal designs that examine resilient functioning across domains, and take into account type, timing, nature of CM assessments, and further stressors, in order to further improve our understanding of the role of the emotional brain in resilient functioning after CM.
PENGAPLIKASIAN SINYAL TONE RANGE DALAM MENGOPTIMALKAN FUNGSI KERJA HT
Authors: Prasasti Riski Intan
Published: July 2019

Perkembangan teknologi kini memberikan banyak kemudahan bagi penggunanya. Semakin banyak pekerjaan dan aktivitas manusia yang membutuhkan teknologi. Salah satu bentuk teknologi yang sangat berkembang pesat dan kebutuhannya semakin meningkat di pasaran adalah teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Teknologi komunikasi dan informasi adalah sebuah tempat yang mewadahi semua peralatan teknis yang digunakan dalam proses penyampaian informasi. Saat ini teknologi ini seakan telah menjadi kebutuhan sekunder manusia. Dengan adanya teknologi komunikasi dan informasi ini memudahkan manusia dalam berbagai bidang, misalnya mengakses informasi dari orang atau keadaan yang berada pada jarak yang jauh, bisa berkomunikasi secara cepat dan efisien waktu juga tenaga, alat ini juga dapat memudahkan pekerjaan manusia.Sejak ditemukannya radio maka penggunanya semakin lama semakin banyak dan beragam. Hal ini menimbulkan permasalahan yaitu padatnya jalur komunikasi yang menggunakan radio FM dengan bandwith yang disediakan antara 88 – 108 MHz. Bahkan untuk pengontrolan pintu garasi juga menggunakan jalur radio. Untuk itu perlu diupayakan rangkaian yang mampu melakukan pengendalian jarak jauh tanpa menggunakan kabel tambahan tetapi menggunakan sarana komunikasi, salah satunya yaitu yang sering disebut berupa HT (Handy Talky). HT pasti sudah tidak asing lagi, apalagi di kalangan para pegiat dan penggerak event organizer. Secara sekilas HT terlihat seperti telpon genggam besar yang memiliki antena yang sangat mencolok.
Pemanfaatan Bawang Putih sebagai Pestisida Alami untuk Membasmi Hama Tikus di Sawah
Authors: M. Mohammad Arif
Published: July 2019

Pengendalian hama memang perlu dilakukan oleh para petani sebagai bentuk menghindari kerugian materi yakni dengan cara pemberian pestisida. Namun disamping itu kita harus mengetahui dampat-dampak apa yang ditimbulkan oleh pestisida terutama pestisida yang berbahan anorganik bagi kehidupan manusia dan juga lingkungan. Salah satunya yakni mengganti pestisida anorganik menuju penggunaan pestisida organik seperti bawang putih selain ramah lingkungan namun juga harganya yang ekonomis dan efisien, kualitasnya juga tidak kalah meskipun kelemahannya pada efek mempengaruhinya agak relatif lama.
SAFETY CREATION : APLIKASI PENDETEKSI PLAGIASI OTOMATIS UNTUK MENEKAN KASUS PLAGIARISME DI INDONESIA
Authors: Mayanti Risky Nur
Published: July 2019

Pelanggaran yang paling banyak ditemukan dalam penelitian kualitatif adalah kasus plagiasi atau penjiplakan hasil penelitian orang lain. Revolusi industri 4.0 seperti sekarang ini memudahkan setiap orang dalam mengakses dan menjiplak (copy paste) hasil karya penelitian orang lain. Menurut data Kemenristek-Dikti, dalam 10 tahun terakhir jumlah kasus plagiasi karya ilmiah di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan yang cukup berarti. Plagiarisme sudah bermula sejak lama, namun semakin bertambahnya tahun semakin bertambah pula jumlah kasusnya. Tak hanya pelajar saja yang melakukan plagiasi. Mahasiswa, dosen dan bahkan rektor pun pernah melakukan kasus ini. Berdasarkan banyaknya kasus ini juga, Indonesia menjadi peringkat teratas dalam hal kasus plagiasi. Lebih dari 800 kasus plagiarisme yang berkembang di Indonesia, tak hanya para pelajar dan mahasiswa yang di cap sebagai plagiator tetapi juga dosen bahkan rektor pun tak kalah hebat dalam hal jiplak menjiplak. Karena bertambahnya kasus plagiarisme di Indonesia, kami memutuskan untuk mengusung ide tentang bagaimana membuat kasus plagiasi ini tidak tambah berkembang dan bisa membuat mereka (para ahli karya) dapat mempublikasikan karyanya dengan aman dan tenteram. Kami memiliki pemikiran untuk menciptakan aplikasi yang tujuan utamanya untuk mencegah kasus plagiasi agar tak bertambah banyak dan membuat para plagiator jera karena telah menjiplak karya orang lain.
Technical Standards for Integrating Automation Tools for Evidence Synthesis
Authors: Bannach-Brown Alexandra , Glasziou Paul , Carter Matt
Published: July 2019

Systematic review and meta-analysis are powerful tools to provide an unbiased overview of all available literature addressing a specific research question. However, systematic reviews are resource-intensive. To address this, the development of automation tools to aid systematic review research is increasing. But despite the development of these automation tools, recent research suggests that uptake of these tools is slow among evidence synthesis researchers and are potential barriers to using automation tools which include: steep learning curve, mismatched workflow, and lack of support. Here we propose a set of standards for automation tools and platforms that have been built to aid the systematic review community. The aim of these standards is to improve the integration of different tools into the research process and to increase transparency in the field of automation tools for evidence synthesis. The technical standards set out a minimum level and format of documentation required for publishing and disseminating automation tools. Further, we present an orchestrator platform, the Integration Interface, a system to bring compliant automation tools together, independent of programming language, into a succinct workflow. The Integration Interface aims to reduce the barriers associated with using a single or multiple automation tools in the evidence synthesis research process.
Optimal Quantiser Performance with a Small Dither
Authors: Eielsen Arnfinn , Leth John , Fleming Andrew J.
Published: July 2019

A quantiser is a non-smooth function and no inverse function exist that can be applied to correct for the error it introduces. Applying a dither signal and averaging to a quantiser produces a smooth image for which an inverse function does exist. This article describes methods for minimising the error after inverse compensation. We show that there is an optimal dither variance that minimises the error after inversion. Simple rules for choosing the optimal dither variance are presented. The error after inversion can be made arbitrarily small by increasing the averaging length. This can be done by oversampling the signal by the same factor as the number of averages. Quantisation of a dither signal with a continuous probability distribution, produces a discrete probability mass function. We discuss a method for recovering an unknown continuous probability distribution from the empirical discrete probability mass function of the quantised dither signal. This enables inverse compensation in systems where exact control of the dither signal is not possible, as inverse compensation requires information about the continuous probability distribution of the dither signal and the step-size of the quantiser.
Penyisihan Logam Berat Oleh Karbon Aktif Daun Eceng Gondok Pada Limbah Cair Sablon
Authors: Lussa Mala Oktaviyana
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyisihkan logam berat menggunakan karbon aktif daun eceng gondok yang teraktifasi. Efek waktu kontak, kecepatan pengadukan dan berat adsorben pada laju adsorpsi diperiksa untuk mencapai efisiensi terbesar dalam proses penyisihan logam berat. Penurunan konsentrasi logam berat dianalisis menggunakan AAS. Optimalisasi parameter penyerapan dilakukan dalam sistem batch menggunakan konsentrasi air limbah mengandung logam berat, konsentrasi adsorben dengan pengaturan waktu kontak, kecepatan pengadukan dan berat adsorben. Hasil penelitian terdahulu lainnya menunjukkan bahwa adsorben daun enceng gondok yang tidak di aktivasi lebih sedikit daya serapnya dibandingkan dengan adsorben yang di aktivasi. Penelitian membuktikan bahwa adsorben terikat sangat efektif untuk menurunkan kadar logam berat dalam air limbah sehingga dapat menjadi alternative metoda pengendalian pencemaran logam berat di perairan yang kompetitif dan ramah lingkungan.
PEMANFAATAN MIKROALGA SEBAGAI BIOSORBEN PADA PROSES BIOSORPSI LOGAM BERAT
Authors: Wilan Tiara
Published: July 2019

Industri seperti pelapisan logam dan pertambangan menghasilkan limbah-limbah industri mengandung logam berat yang dapat mencemari lingkungan. Karya ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai upaya penanggulangan pencemaran logam berat di perairan dengan metode biosorpsi dengan memanfaatkan mikroalga sebagai sorben. Biosorpsi adalah metode penyisihan logam berat dengan memanfaatkan materi biologis atau mikroba. Salah satu mikroba yang dimanfaatkan untuk proses biosorpsi adalah mikroalga. Proses biosorpsi terjadi pada permukaan sel yaitu dengan metode ion exchange. Mikroalga memiliki beberapa gugus fungsi yang berperan dalam proses ion exchange tersebut. Beberapa hasil penelitian telah membuktikan bahwa mikroalga mampu menyerap logam berat tertentu. Hasil penelitian terdahulu, menyebutkan bahwa mikroalga Chlorella vulgaris memiliki kapasitas adsorpsi untuk logam Zn sebesar 43,41 mg/g. Mikroalga Chlorella miniata mampu menyerap logam Cr sebesar 41,12 mg/g . Pada sorpsi logam Cu menggunakan Chlorella sp. didapatkan kapasitas adsorpsi sebesar 33,4 mg/g. Sehingga, mikroalga merupakan salah satu sorben yang berasal dari bahan biologis yang efektif untuk menyerap logam berat sebagai upaya pengendalian pencemaran di lingkungan.
Proses Administrasi Peserta Didik
Authors: Afriansyah Hade
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this article is to fulfill the final assignment of education administration and supervision courses and also to add a little knowledge to the reader regarding the Student Administration Process. The writing technique used in this article is the literature study method, namely by collecting materials and theories originating from books, journals and other sources related to the Student Administration Process. Student administration is a process of managing and providing services to participants. students who are related to the needs of students during school starting from their admission to school, their coaching during school and until students complete their studies at the school.
Response to a statement by Stein
Authors: Skottun Bernt
Published: July 2019

Stein (2019 Neuropsychologia 130, 66-77) writes: ”Gross-glenn [sic] et al. (1995) found that dyslexic individuals had markedly reduced contrast sensitivity for gratings flickered at 10-60 Hz compared with good readers ...”. To what this is supposed to refer is hard to understand given that Gross-Glenn et al. (1995, Visual Neuroscience, 12, 153-163) did not employ flickering stimuli.
Identifikasi Kanopi Pohon Berbasis Ecologycal Lanscape dan Index Naturalness Sebagai Ecosystem Services terhadap Kenyamanan Pengendara Sepeda Motor di Persimpangan Jalan Kecamatan Mataram
Authors: Muniri
Published: July 2019

Pohon merupakan jenis tumbuhan berkayu yang mampu tumbuh besar dengan memanfaatkan hasil-hasil emisi buangan berupa karbon sebagai sumber pembentukan energi dan menghasilkan O2 melalui fotosintesis. Pohon juga bermanfaat sebagai naungan atau kanopi dari pancaranpanas cahaya matarahari sehingga kanopi pohon memberikan rasa nyaman bagi manusia atau hewan dalam melakukan aktifitas disiang hari. Dimana penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kanopi pohon berbasis ecologycal landscape dan index naturalness sebagai ecosystem services terhadap kenyamanan pengendara sepeda motor di persimpangan jalan Kecamatan Mataram pada Bulan Juni Tahun 2018. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian restrospektif (Ex post facto) dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pohon yang terdapat di 7 pesimpangan jalan kecamatan Mataram yang memiliki lampu stop yaitu, persimpangan Gubernur, Kamboja, Sriwijaya, Golkar, STMIK, Yaoya dan Pagutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel total karna yang diteliti yaitu seluruh pohon yang terdapat di 7 persimpangan jalan kecamatan Mataram. Variabel bebas yaitu peran kanopi pohon berbasis ecological landscape dan index naturalness sebagai ecosystem services dan variable terikatnya yaitu kenyamanan pengendara sepeda motor di persimpangan jalan Kecamatan Mataram. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunak sofwer ArcGis.10 untuk melakukan digitasi pemetaan dan pengukuran luas dengan dibantu oleh google eartuntuk menentukan titik koordinat dari lokasi penelitian. Mengetahui tingkat kenyaman dari pengendara sepeda motor melalui kuiseoner yang disebar dengan 15 butir soal, dikatan nyaman ketika kreteria 70% dari total nilai soal yang ada. Sehingga dari hasil penelitian ini kita dapat mengetahui peran kanopi pohon berbasis ecological landscape terhadap kenyamanan pengendara sepeda motor di kecamatan Mataram.
Writing, Arguing, Contributing - A Cogent Argumentation Framework for Identifying, Specifying, and Evaluating Research Contribution
Authors: Boell Sebastian K. , Hovorka Dirk S.
Published: July 2019

The predominant means by which research becomes visible and accessible to the research community is through publication. Generally, publication requires careful framing of the research in relation to existing knowledge. As a contribution to knowledge cannot be self-evident, authors must persuade, through argumentation, the editors, reviewers, and the research community that their work offers a contribution. In Information Systems, the discussion of argumentation is often limited to the logic dimensions of argumentation, namely deductive, inductive, and abductive reasoning. In this paper, we demonstrate that argumentation requires the consideration of three additional dimensions of argumentation: rhetoric, dialectic, and social-institutional. Kuhn’s concept of the disciplinary matrix is introduced as the background toward which a cogent argument is directed and against which contribution is evaluated. We then illustrate the role of argumentation through the example of the seminal paper by Orlikowski and Iacono on the role of IT in Information Systems research. Understanding the importance of argumentation in framing one’s research contribution is critical to authors, editors, and reviewers alike within and beyond Information Systems and its reference disciplines.
Razvoj suradnje probacijskog i zatvorskog sustava – idemo li u dobrom smjeru?
Authors: Maloić Snježana , Brkić Goran
Published: July 2019

Hrvatska je probacijska služba započela s radom 2011. godine, a probacijske poslove tijekom izvršavanja kazne zatvora i uvjetnog otpusta obavlja od 2013. godine. Od tada broj ovih predmeta kontinuirano raste te se sada polovica svih predmeta koje godišnje zaprima probacijska služba odnosi na izvršavanje ovih probacijskih poslova. Veći broj predmeta i veća uključenost probacijske službe tijekom izvršavanja kazne zatvora i uvjetnog otpusta ukazuje i na potrebu kvalitetne suradnje probacijskog i zatvorskog sustava. Na europskom se području učinkovita suradnja zatvorskih i probacijskih sustava smatra nužnom za svrhovito izvršavanje kazni zatvora i obavljanje probacijskih poslova. U okviru rehabilitacijskog pristupa prepoznate su određene manjkavosti postojećih suradnji, uz istovremeno isticanje modaliteta koji se pokazuju učinkovitima ili obećavajućima. Ovaj rad donosi analizu razvoja suradnje probacijskog i zatvorskog sustava u našoj zemlji, u odnosu na postojeća europska iskustva, uz zaključne preporuke daljnjeg razvoja te suradnje u smjeru dobrih europskih praksi.
PENIPUAN PERNIKAHAN PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 0375/Pdt.G/2017/PA Kdi )
Authors: Tanti Tanti
Published: July 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini berkenaan dengan Penipuan Pernikahan Perspektif Hukum Islam Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 0357/Pdt.G/2017/PA Kdi. Masalah yang dikemukan dalam penelitian ini meliputi pertimbangan hakim dalam memutuskan kasus penipuan pernikahan; Bentuk dan dampak penipuan pernikahan; serta perspektif hukum Islam pada penipuan pernikahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan obyek yaitu, Pengadilan Agama Kendari, dengan melakukan teknik pengumpulan data dengan bentuk wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa hakim mengabulkan gugatan penggugat yang telah di tipu dengan menggunakan alat bukti yang kuat yaitu saksi dan bukti administrasi. Bentuk-bentuk penipuan yang terjadi dalam lingkup Pengadilan Agama Kendari yaitu pemalsuan identitas diri suami atau istri. Dampak yang terjadi terhadap korban penipuan pernikahan yaitu psikis, fisik serta kerugian materi. Penipuan pernikahan yang terjadi agar dapat diberi sanksi yang dapat membuat efek jerah terhadap pelaku-pelaku juga turut serta dalam melakukan penipuan pernikahan.Kata kunci : Pernikahan, Penipuan, Hukum Islam  AbstractThis research concerning Marriage Fraud Perspective of Islamic Law Case Study of Decision Number 0357 / Pdt.G / 2017 / PA Kdi. The problems raised in this study include consideration of judges in deciding cases of marriage fraud; The form and impact of marriage fraud; as well as Islamic legal perspectives on marriage fraud. This study uses qualitative research with objects namely, Kendari Religious Court, by conducting data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study revealed that the judge granted the plaintiff's claim which had been deceived by using strong evidence, namely the witness and administrative evidence. Forms of fraud that occur within the scope of the Kendari Religious Court are the falsification of the identity of the husband or wife. The impact on the victims of marriage fraud is psychological, physical and material losses. Marriage fraud that occurs in order to be sanctioned that can make a reddish effect on the perpetrators also participates in committing marriage fraud.Key words: Fraud, Marriage, Islamic Law
Effect of heat treatment on wear and corrosion behavior of high chromium white cast iron
Authors: Sarac Mehmet Fahri , Dikici Burak
Published: July 2019

The abrasive wear and corrosion behavior of as-cast, heat-treated and tempered high chromium white cast iron was studied, and the results were evaluated by means of microstructure, hardness, surface roughness and corrosion resistance. The samples were subjected to wear on the ball-on-flat tribometer test machine under different loads. Corrosion tests were carried out using the potentiodynamic scanning (PDS) technique in both alkaline (3.5 % NaCl) and acidic (0.5 M H2SO4) media. According to the results obtained, the wear rate and hardness of the as-cast alloy were relatively low. After heat treatment higher wear resistance and hardness were achieved thanks to the thinned and elongated primary carbides, excessive amount of secondary carbides and the martensitic matrix. After the tempering process, the primary carbides were rounded and shortened, and all the carbides were homogeneously dispersed. This resulted in lower material hardness. Although the hardness of the tempered sample was lower than that of the heat-treated sample, the wear resistance was higher in virtue of the microstructure. The corrosion results showed that the differences between the corrosion resistance of as-cast, heat-treated and tempered samples are only due to microstructural transformation. The differences are related to the Cr/C ratio, primary carbide content and its form in the matrix, and residual stress. In addition, the study showed that secondary carbides play an influential role at the initialization of corrosion but that the primary carbide content in the alloy are dominant in the progression and orientation of the corrosion in the structure.
Gouvernance des clubs de football professionnels
Authors: Dermit-Richard Nadine , Scelles Nicolas , Evrard Barbara
Published: July 2019

En analysant le comportement individuel des clubs, cette contribution en propose une typologie fondée sur leur niveau de contrainte budgétaire, induite par la capacité de leurs actionnaires à financer les pertes réalisées. Il est ainsi possible de conclure que seul un très petit nombre de clubs évoluent dans le cadre d’une contrainte budgétaire « lâche » (CBL) caractéristique d’une « mauvaise » gouvernance (Andreff, 2009). Cette recherche permet aussi de montrer que les clubs adaptent leur comportement aux exigences de la régulation sectorielle auxquels ils sont soumis, transférant de fait à cette dernière, une part de responsabilité dans la gouvernance de ces organisations.
La « RSE politique », état de l’art et agenda critique de recherche
Authors: Dhaouadi Inès
Published: July 2019

La RSE politique suscite un intérêt croissant dans le champBusiness and Societyces dernières années. Elle renvoie à l’investissement de la sphère politique par les entreprises afin de répondre aux défis sociétaux globaux. Cet article se propose de passer en revue les courants de recherche qui ont contribué à l’étude de la politisation des entreprises, à souligner leurs limites et à proposer un agenda de recherche critique qui met en exergue que la RSE politique constitue un espace gouvernable régi par différents discours, rationalités, programmes et technologies de gouvernement.
Le crowdfunding au secours des auteurs de BD
Authors: Renault Sophie
Published: July 2019

Via des plateformes de crowdfunding fondées sur le modèle du pourboire, des créateurs de contenus sollicitent la foule afin qu’elle puisse les soutenir au long cours dans la poursuite de leurs projets. Sur la base d’une méthodologie qualitative fondée sur le suivi et l’analyse de collectes menées par des auteurs de BD sur les plateformes Tipeee et Patreon, cette recherche permet de mieux comprendre les ressorts et enjeux du modèle du pourboire. Il s’agit notamment de le positionner par rapport aux autres formes de crowdfunding fondées sur le don. Elle souligne également les sources de motivation et difficultés de ceux qui privilégient cette source de financement.
Les communs de connaissance dans les « fablabs »
Authors: Dechamp Gaëlle , Pélissier Maud
Published: July 2019

Les connaissances, au cœur de la création de valeur pour l’entreprise, font l’objet de nombreux conflits d’appropriation qui ont donné naissance à un mouvement critique pour préserver des communs de connaissance (E. Ostrom). Des structures comme les fablabs, basées sur le faire ensemble, cherchent également à lutter contre cette privatisation de la connaissance. À partir de deux variables déterminant la nature d’un commun de connaissance (mode de gouvernance et systèmes de droits de propriété), les auteurs observent dans six « fablabs » quels facteurs favorisent ou freinent les projets en commun et pour le commun.
Optimized Blood Volume Monitoring during Hemodialysis Procedure based on Ultrasonic Speed Measurement
Authors: Nafisi V. R , Eghbal M
Published: July 2019

Fast reduction of blood water volume due to ultra-filtration via hemodialysis machine and critical threshold of blood water volume can result in clinical complications such as hypotension. When blood water volume reduces during hemodialysis process, the concentration of blood forming elements will increase. One of the methods for the monitoring of the concentration changes is ultrasonic speed measurement.In this paper, we optimize the ultrasonic speed measurement method in such a way that it would be compatible with conventional air detector in a hemodialysis machine. Air bubble detecting and the relative blood water volume estimating can be achieved by adding the “sing-around” ultrasonic speed measurement method to the current hemodialysis machine; air bubble detection is achieved by monitoring the decline in the ultrasonic wave amplitude (because of air bubbles) and the protein concentration measurement is achieved by measuring the transit time of the wave. Therefore, the optimized method can be applied to the air detection device of a hemodialysis machine.
Die beidseitige Kündigung des INF-Vertrags. Eine Navigationshilfe
Authors: Luhmann Hans-Jochen
Published: July 2019

Der Vertrag zwischen den USA und Russland zum Verbot landgestützter Mittelstreckenraketen ist Geschichte. Weder die USA noch Russland zeigen ein Interesse an seiner Fortführung. Die Europäer wurden von ihrem Allianzpartner USA überrumpelt. Viele von ihnen, jedoch nicht alle, haben an der Beibehaltung aber ein elementares Interesse. Würden die Interessen in ihrer Unterschiedlichkeit ernstlich vertreten, so würde eine Spaltung innerhalb der Europäer und innerhalb der NATO offenbar. Sofern die Spaltung der NATO das Ziel der INF-Kündigung ist, so wurde ins Schwarze getroffen: Die europäischen NATO-Staaten wurden in ein Dilemma geführt. Was ausgerechnet die USA sich davon versprechen, der russischen Provokation Folge zu leisten, ist unerklärt.
Hat die Europäische Union ein Demokratiedefizit? Und wenn ja, wie viele?
Authors: Große Hüttmann Martin
Published: July 2019

Die Europäische Union leidet unter einem Demokratiedefizit – so lautet eine weite verbreitete These, die seit vielen Jahren diskutiert wird. Die EU hat auf diese Kritik reagiert und hat einige Reformen zur Stärkung der Mitwirkungs- und Kontrollrechte des Europäischen Parlaments und auch der mitgliedstaatlichen Parlamente auf den Weg gebracht, um die Mängel zu lindern. Nun wird seit kurzem jedoch ein „anderes“ Demokratiedefizit diskutiert. Dieses neue Defizit entsteht durch den Abbau des Rechtsstaates und den Aufbau einer „illiberalen Demokratie“ in Polen oder Ungarn. In beiden Varianten des Demokratiedefizits hängt die Art und Weise, wie die EU auf die Mängel reagieren kann, auch davon ab, welches Bild man sich von der Europäischen Union macht: Sieht man sie als eine Art supranationalen Rechtstaat, in dem Abweichungen von wichtigen Verfassungsnormen sanktioniert werden müssen oder nur als losen Staatenverbund, in dem sich die einzelnen Länder von „Brüssel“ nicht in ihre inneren Angelegenheiten hineinregieren lassen.
Influence of Drug Resistance Mutations on the Activity of HIV-1 Subtypes A and B Integrases: a Comparative Study
Authors: Shadrina O. A. , Zatsepin T. S. , Agapkina Yu. Yu. , Isaguliants M. G. , Gottikh M. B.
Published: July 2019

Integration of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) DNA into the genome of an infected cell is one of the key steps in the viral replication cycle. The viral enzyme integrase (IN), which catalyzes the integration, is an attractive target for the development of new antiviral drugs. However, the HIV-1 therapy often results in the IN gene mutations inducing viral resistance to integration inhibitors. To assess the impact of drug resistance mutations on the activity of IN of HIV-1 subtype A strain FSU-A, which is dominant in Russia, variants of the consensus IN of this subtype containing the primary resistance mutations G118R and Q148K and secondary compensatory substitutions E138K and G140S were prepared and characterized. Comparative study of these enzymes with the corresponding mutants of IN of HIV-1 subtype B strains HXB-2 was performed. The mutation Q148K almost equally reduced the activity of integrases of both subtypes. Its negative effect was partially compensated by the secondary mutations E138K and G140S. Primary substitution G118R had different influence on the activity of proteins of the subtypes A and B, and the compensatory effect of the secondary substitution E138K also depended on the viral subtype. Comparison of the mutants resistance to the known strand transfer inhibitors raltegravir and elvitegravir, and a new inhibitor XZ-259 (a dihydro-1H-isoindol derivative), showed that integrases of both subtypes with the Q148K mutation were insensitive to raltegravir and elvitegravir but were effectively inhibited by XZ-259. The substitution G118R slightly reduced the efficiency of IN inhibition by raltegravir and elvitegravir and caused no resistance to XZ_259.
Apigenin Inhibits Growth of Breast Cancer Cells: The Role of ERα and HER2/neu
Authors: Scherbakov A. M. , Andreeva O. E.
Published: July 2019

Phytoestrogens are a group of plant-derived compounds with an estrogen-like activity. In mammalians, phytoestrogens bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and participate in the regulation of cell growth and gene transcription. There are several reports of the cytotoxic effects of phytoestrogens in different cancer cell lines. The aim of this study was to measure the phytoestrogen activity against breast cancer cells with different levels of ER expression and to elucidate the molecular pathways regulated by the leader compound. Methods used in the study include immunoblotting, transfection with a luciferase reporter vector, and a MTT test. We demonstrated the absence of a significant difference between ER+ and ER- breast cancer cell lines in their response to cytotoxic stimuli: treatment with high doses of phytoestrogens (apigenin, genistein, quercetin, naringenin) had the same efficiency in ER-positive and ER-negative cells. Incubation of breast cancer cells with apigenin revealed the highest cytotoxicity of this compound; on the contrary, naringenin treatment resulted in a low cytotoxic activity. It was shown that high doses of apigenin (50 М) do not display estrogen-like activity and can suppress ER activation by 17-estradiol. Cultivation of HER2-positive breast cancer SKBR3 cells in the presence of apigenin resulted in a decrease in HER2/neu expression, accompanied by cleavage of an apoptosis substrate PARP. Therefore, the cytotoxic effects of phytoestrogens are not associated with the steroid receptors of breast cancer cells. Apigenin was found to be the most effective phytoestrogen that strongly inhibits the growth of breast cancer cells, including HER2-positive ones.
良好的师生关系对初中生数学教学的影响及对策
Authors: 李 宣华
Published: July 2019

良好的师生关系对初中数学课堂教学的质量和效率均有着十分显著的影响,若教师在教育教学的过程中能够与学生建立平等的关系,充分尊重学生的个性,突出学生在课堂教学中的主体地位,在教学中鼓励学生、关心学生、帮助学生,即可形成和谐的师生关系,进而充分激发学生的学习兴趣,在提高学生学习效率的同时也提高了学习质量。
人本理念下高校学生管理的路径创新
Authors: 宋 美丽
Published: July 2019

学生管理对高校的发展起着重要的作用。因此,良好的管理学生可以有效的维护高校的运行状况,以便于高校培养出更多的良才。基于此,本文片文章首先对人本理念下高校学生管理的路径创新做了简单的探讨,以供相关人员参考。
Industria y hábitat colectivo en la Región de Magallanes: dinámicas y singularidades de un modo de ocupación territorial, 1885-1971
Authors: Cvitanic Díaz Boris Alejandro , Matus Carrasco Daniel Alejandro
Published: July 2019

La Región de Magallanes vivió un proceso de industrialización que se inició a fines del siglo XIX y que determinó formas específicas de ocupación del territorio. A los desafíos impuestos por cuestiones geopolíticas, y por un permanente interés científico sobre el espacio geográfico austral, siguió una movilización creciente de mano de obra y de recursos económicos dirigidos casi de manera exclusiva por empresas y capitales privados, los que ocuparon el territorio con libertad y en función de sus particulares dinámicas e intereses. La emergencia de la ganadería creó las condiciones para la existencia de una red de actividades económicas dependientes y estrechamente relacionadas con las demandas y requerimientos de la industria ganadera y su desarrollo. Así, se favoreció tempranamente la existencia de una industria frigorífica, forestal, minera, además de un cabotaje marítimo incipiente, y se crearon condiciones que permitieron incorporar a la región a un sistema de intercambio y producción dominado por potencias europeas.La inexistencia de asentamientos humanos relevantes y de mano de obra, con y sin especializaciones obligó a crear ex-nihilo una serie de enclaves industriales que actuaron como núcleos donde se concentró la mano de obra, dieron soporte a la actividad productiva y constituyeron un vector esencial de un modo de ocupación particular del espacio geográfico continental e insular magallánico.El objetivo de la presente investigación fue establecer las singularidades detonadas por la industrialización en el campo específico del hábitat colectivo en la Región de Magallanes a través de la noción de enclave industrial, permitiendo confirmar que el desarrollo de la industria y las estrategias empresariales determinaron modos particulares de ocupación territorial en el extremo sur de Chile.
Impacto en el valor de ventas y arriendos de inmuebles con uso residencial y comercial, provocado por la implementación de un sistema tranviario en la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors: Hermida Carla , Moreno Daniel , Pacheco Diego , Tonón Luis , Cortés Alejandro
Published: July 2019

La implementación de proyectos de transporte mejora el acceso y movilidad urbana, influenciando las decisiones de localización de las personas y las empresas. Así también, genera impactos en el entorno, los cuales pueden ser positivos o negativos. Entre los posibles impactos, se destacan las fluctuaciones en el valor del suelo. El objetivo de este artículo es relatar el proceso y los resultados de un estudio exploratorio realizado para recopilar datos acerca de los precios de oferta de venta y de alquiler de propiedades de uso residencial y comercial, en función de la distancia a un nuevo sistema de transporte de tranvía en Cuenca, Ecuador. Los datos se levantaron en noviembre de 2017 utilizando la herramienta Kobo Toolbox y llamadas telefónicas, luego se analizaron a través del modelo de precios hedónicos. Los resultados mostraron que los precios de alquiler de las viviendas aumentan a medida que su ubicación se aleja del eje principal del sistema (aún en construcción al momento de la toma de datos) y que, por el contrario, los arriendos para propiedades comerciales aumentan cuando hay con una mayor proximidad al eje. Con respecto al precio de venta de las propiedades residenciales o comerciales en función de esta distancia, no hubo evidencia de cambios. Estos resultados pueden deberse a las obras civiles, sin embargo, constituyen una interesante primera aproximación a la temática que deberá ser contrastada con estudios históricos y futuros (cuando el tranvía se encuentre operando).
But how is it not just practice? Or do I not know practice as research?
Authors: McDougall Julian
Published: July 2019

This article shares experiences from editing an academic journal publishing media practice research, supervising and assessing doctoral media practice research and reviewing media practice research (including elements of my own work) against prescribed external standards for originality, significance and rigour. It offers a set of principles, drawn from the field, for doctoral practice researchers and supervisors, postdoctoral practice researchers thinking about how to present their research for external review and more experienced researchers thinking about practice as a way of moving beyond disciplinary constraints. The article makes suggestions with regard to a) how practice research can best be “signposted” as such; b) how the media practice research community are establishing criteria for this work we do that should be shared and used collegiately from this point, and c) how to talk about the tensions between media practice research as a political project and the desire for legitimation.
The essay film as methodology for film theory and practice
Authors: Sourdis Carolina , de Lucas Gonzalo
Published: July 2019

The essayistic device in film often brings together two temporalities of film creation: the present of the filmed image and the present of the editing process. Through the interaction of both moments, provoked by the critical revision of the raw material and its possibilities of montage, the essay film is constructed through the filmmaker’s exploration of the filmic apparatus, thus revealing film forms as a way of producing and disseminating knowledge. The essay film, therefore, subverts a common theoretical practice: thought is no longer assumed as a procedure for unveiling an image, but it is rather produced by film forms. We claim that the essay film, as a research methodology and a theoretical approximation to film informed by practice, must be unfolded through creative gestures, this is to say, images and sounds that present an audiovisual synthesis of the conscious and intuitive work that both precedes and is synchronic to the moments of filming and editing. This article addresses the essay film through a comparative association of several filmmakers that express and study both concrete and abstract issues of cinema and filmmaking through their own creative practices.
Creative and emotional labour
Authors: Colta Alexandra
Published: July 2019

Film festival curation and programming remain highly individualistic practices, that negotiate several discourses/tensions, including the responsibility of the curator to others (artists and audiences) and the creative independence of the curator. Much remains to be written about the creative process of curation, and how aesthetic judgements are articulated by those who practice it. While progress in this direction has been made in relation to some festivals (LGBT, African), human rights film festivals have only recently started to be part of academic scholarship, which tended to focus on the main functions and spectatorship roles that they encourage (Tascón; Tascón and Wils; Davies). This article focuses on the creative process of programming human rights film festivals using the case study of Document Human Rights Film Festival in Glasgow. Part of a practice-led collaborative research project between the Universities of Glasgow, St Andrews and the festival, this article is based on my reflections and experience as a co-opted member of the programming team for the 2016 and 2017 editions. Drawing on practice-led ethnography, I argue that this festival adopted a form of ethical programming, sharing authorship and responsibility towards the audience, the filmmakers and the profession, as well as a form of emotional labour.
Exploring speculative methods
Authors: Hook Alan
Published: July 2019

This article explores approaches to propagating interspecies understanding and examines the most appropriate ways to investigate the topic as a form of research. It addresses making, or Research through Design (RtD), as a more appropriate research method to generate new knowledge around interspecies embodied experience and to help audiences consider what it might be like to be a nonhuman animal than more traditional forms of scholarship. It presents a range of approaches to exploring interspecies understanding and then situates this knowledge in context with reference to a series of prototypes and design artifacts which constitute the body of work Equine Eyes. The Equine Eyes project consists of a mixed-reality headset, which uses immersive technology to help the user adopt the “point of view” of a horse. The work and the knowledge it produces is experiential in that it requires the audience to wear the headset which simulates horse-like vision to consider how tacit knowledge can be explored through making. The project adopts a RtD method to explore how speculative design artifacts, and play, can be utilised to help foster interspecies thinking and understanding and generate new speculative methods for interspecies design practice. It emphasizes the importance of developing usable speculative design artifacts that can be experienced by users to enact the speculation as an embodied experience.