bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A newcomer’s guide to deep learning for inverse design in nano-photonics
Authors: Khaireh-Walieh Abdourahman , Langevin Denis , Bennet Pauline , Teytaud Olivier , Moreau Antoine , Wiecha Peter R.
Published: November 2023

Nanophotonic devices manipulate light at sub-wavelength scales, enabling tasks such as light concentration, routing, and filtering. Designing these devices to achieve precise light–matter interactions using structural parameters and materials is a challenging task. Traditionally, solving this problem has relied on computationally expensive, iterative methods. In recent years, deep learning techniques have emerged as promising tools for tackling the inverse design of nanophotonic devices. While several review articles have provided an overview of the progress in this rapidly evolving field, there is a need for a comprehensive tutorial that specifically targets newcomers without prior experience in deep learning. Our goal is to address this gap and provide practical guidance for applying deep learning to individual scientific problems. We introduce the fundamental concepts of deep learning and critically discuss the potential benefits it offers for various inverse design problems in nanophotonics. We present a suggested workflow and detailed, practical design guidelines to help newcomers navigate the challenges they may encounter. By following our guide, newcomers can avoid frustrating roadblocks commonly experienced when venturing into deep learning for the first time. In a second part, we explore different iterative and direct deep learning-based techniques for inverse design, and evaluate their respective advantages and limitations. To enhance understanding and facilitate implementation, we supplement the manuscript with detailed Python notebook examples, illustrating each step of the discussed processes. While our tutorial primarily focuses on researchers in (nano-)photonics, it is also relevant for those working with deep learning in other research domains. We aim at providing a solid starting point to empower researchers to leverage the potential of deep learning in their scientific pursuits.
Psychophysiology, Cognitive Function, and Musculoskeletal Status Holistically Explain Tactical Performance Readiness and Resilience
Authors: Thompson Andrew G. , Ramadan Jad H. , Alexander Jacob S. , Galster Scott M.
Published: November 2023

Thompson, AG, Ramadan, JH, Alexander, JS, and Galster, SM. Psychophysiology, cognitive function, and musculoskeletal status holistically explain tactical performance readiness and resilience. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2443–2456, 2023—This study aimed to advance the techniques used in quantifying holistic readiness and resilience within military personnel. Tactical performers, instructors, and applied human performance scientists designed a weeklong competition to reflect realistic operational demands, test specific underlying performance constructs, and elucidate how modernized assessments could drive programmatic action. By placing first in their installation's local preliminary competition, 34 active-duty Marines earned the opportunity to compete in a series of 7 intense events for the title of champion. All inferential statistics were set to a p ≤ 0.05 level of significance. Morning heart rate variability identified top from bottom quartile finishers before a single competition event. By day 3, morning countermovement jump force production (normalized reactive strength index-modified) and cognitive psychomotor vigilance were significant indicators of performance resilience and final competition group rank. Heart rate variability also tracked performer readiness across time, identifying within-group and between-group differences among top, bottom, and field. Collectively, these holistic assessments proved significant markers of acute and chronic tactical performance capabilities. In summary, the incorporation of psychophysiological monitoring, cognitive performance testing, and musculoskeletal force plate evaluations could help inform selection and support needs, drive workload or recovery modulation, and provide critical metrics for evaluating training efficacy and operational readiness. Defense organizations should consider routinely incorporating and actioning similar holistic status monitoring strategies in training and operational settings. Moreover, leveraging other tactical competitions may provide key opportunities for advancing the standard of practice through additional scientific investigation.
The Repeated Bout Effect of Multiarticular Exercises on Muscle Damage Markers and Physical Performances: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Doma Kenji , Matoso Bruno , Protzen Gabriel , Singh Utkarsh , Boullosa Daniel
Published: November 2023

Doma, K, Matoso, B, Protzen, G, Singh, U, and Boullosa, D. The repeated bout effect of multiarticular exercises on muscle damage markers and physical performances: a systematic review and meta-analyses. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2504–2515, 2023—This systematic review and meta-analysis compared muscle damage markers and physical performance measures between 2 bouts of multiarticular exercises and determined whether intensity and volume of muscle-damaging exercises affected the outcomes. The eligibility criteria consisted of (a) healthy male and female adults; (b) multiarticular exercises to cause muscle damage across 2 bouts; (c) outcome measures were compared at 24–48 hours after the first and second bouts of muscle-damaging exercise; (d) at least one of the following outcome measures: creatine kinase (CK), delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), muscle strength, and running economy. Study appraisal was conducted using the Kmet tool, whereas forest plots were derived to calculate standardized mean differences (SMDs) and statistical significance and alpha set a 0.05. After screening, 20 studies were included. The levels of DOMS and CK were significantly greater during the first bout when compared with the second bout at T24 and T48 (p < 0.001; SMD = 0.51–1.23). Muscular strength and vertical jump performance were significantly lower during the first bout compared with the second bout at T24 and T48 (p ≤ 0.05; SMD = −0.27 to −0.40), whereas oxygen consumption and rating of perceived exertion were significantly greater during the first bout at T24 and T48 (p < 0.05; SMD = 0.28–0.65) during running economy protocols. The meta-analyses were unaffected by changes in intensity and volume of muscle-damaging exercises between bouts. Multiarticular exercises exhibited a repeated bout effect, suggesting that a single bout of commonly performed exercises involving eccentric contractions may provide protection against exercise-induced muscle damage for subsequent bouts.
Bidirectional interplay between metabolism and epigenetics in hematopoietic stem cells and leukemia
Authors: Zhang Yu Wei , Schönberger Katharina , Cabezas‐Wallscheid Nina
Published: November 2023

During the last decades, remarkable progress has been made in further understanding the complex molecular regulatory networks that maintain hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. Cellular and organismal metabolisms have been shown to directly instruct epigenetic alterations, and thereby dictate stem cell fate, in the bone marrow. Epigenetic regulatory enzymes are dependent on the availability of metabolites to facilitate DNA‐ and histone‐modifying reactions. The metabolic and epigenetic features of HSCs and their downstream progenitors can be significantly altered by environmental perturbations, dietary habits, and hematological diseases. Therefore, understanding metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms that regulate healthy HSCs can contribute to the discovery of novel metabolic therapeutic targets that specifically eliminate leukemia stem cells while sparing healthy HSCs. Here, we provide an in‐depth review of the metabolic and epigenetic interplay regulating hematopoietic stem cell fate. We discuss the influence of metabolic stress stimuli, as well as alterations occurring during leukemic development. Additionally, we highlight recent therapeutic advancements toward eradicating acute myeloid leukemia cells by intervening in metabolic and epigenetic pathways.
Implementation of Project-Based Learning Model to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Komara Endang , Berliana Berliana , Firman Muhammad , Gunawan Uce
Published: November 2023

Critical thinking skills are essential for students in developing their intellectual skills. Critical thinking involves the ability to objectively analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information. It allows students to make good decisions, recognize strong or weak arguments, and identify weaknesses in their own thinking. Critical thinking skills also help students be critical of information sources, avoid superficial thinking, and face challenges with creative problem solving. In today's information age, critical thinking enables students to become self-reliant, informed, and skilled individuals in the face of the changes and complexities of the modern world. Implementing monotonous learning without considering active student participation is one of the causes of low critical thinking abilities among students. This study aims to enhance students' critical thinking abilities through project-based learning. The research was conducted using a quasi-experimental method. The research design used a nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. The study subjects were students from class XI MIA 1 and XI MIA of SMA Negeri 5 Kota Sukabumi and SMAN 1 Sukaraja. The research results, obtained through the t-test, yielded a significance value of 0.007. This means that applied project-based learning can enhance students' critical thinking abilities.
The Predatory Mites (Phytoseiidae, Parasitiformes) in the Fauna of Ukraine: of the Genera Paragigagnatus, Carinoseius, Kampimodromus, Eharius, Typhlodromips, and Euseius
Authors: Kolodochka L. A.
Published: November 2023

Phytoseiid mites (Phytoseiidae, Parasitiformes) are well known as effective predators that are successfully used for biological control of plant pests. Despite significant progress in finding and using effective species of these mites in the practice of plant protection, in general, the amount of knowledge about this important group of small arthropods remains insufficient. This article continues previous publications about research results, some of which were published earlier (Kolodochka, 2022; 2023). The article summarises the results of the study of the species composition of phytoseiid mites of six genera conducted in Ukraine over the past decades, namely, Paragigagnatus Amitai & Grinberg, Carinoseius Wainstein, Kampimodromus Nesbitt, Eharius Tuttle & Muma, Typhlodromips De Leon, Euseius Wainstein. It provides the main elements of the characteristics of these taxa: detailed species redescriptions are accompanied by species identifiers, drawings, morphological data and measurements, diagnoses, places of storage of types, data on the distribution of species in the world and Ukraine, places of residence, estimation of abundance etc.
Cost, Utilization, and Patient and Family Experience With ACO-Based Pediatric Care Management
Authors: Schiavoni Katherine H. , Flom Megan , Blumenthal Karen J. , Orav E. John , Hefferon Margaret , Maher Erin , Boudreau Alexy Arauz , Giuliano Christopher P. , Chambers Barbara , Mandell Mark H. , Vienneau Maryann , Mendu Mallika L. , Vogeli Christine
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Children and Youth with Special Health Care Needs have high healthcare utilization, fragmented care, and unmet health needs. Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) increasingly use pediatric care management to improve quality and reduce unnecessary utilization. We evaluated effects of pediatric care management on total medical expense (TME) and utilization; perceived quality of care coordination, unmet needs, and patient and family experience; and differential impact by payor, risk score, care manager discipline, and behavioral health diagnosis.

METHODS

Mixed-methods analysis including claims using quasi-stepped-wedge design pre and postenrollment to estimate difference-in-differences, participant survey, and semistructured interviews. Participants included 1321 patients with medical, behavioral, or social needs, high utilization, in Medicaid or commercial ACOs, and enrolled in multidisciplinary, primary care-embedded care management.

RESULTS

TME significantly declined 1 to 6 months postenrollment and continued through 19 to 24 months (−$645.48 per member per month, P < .001). Emergency department and inpatient utilization significantly decreased 7 to 12 months post-enrollment and persisted through 19 to 24 months (−29% emergency department, P = .012; −82% inpatient, P < .001). Of respondents, 87.2% of survey respondents were somewhat or very satisfied with care coordination, 56.1% received education coordination when needed, and 81.5% had no unmet health needs. Emergency department or inpatient utilization decreases were consistent across payors and care manager disciplines, occurred sooner with behavioral health diagnoses, and were significant among children with above-median risk scores. Satisfaction and experience were equivalent across groups, with more unmet needs and frustration with above-median risk scores.

CONCLUSIONS

Pediatric care management in multipayor ACOs may effectively reduce TME and utilization and clinically provide high-quality care coordination, including education and family stress, with high participant satisfaction.
Evaluation of osteoporosis knowledge level and associated factors in postmenopausal women
Authors: Güzel Hamdullah , Öner Can
Published: November 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge of osteoporosis and related factors in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with 326 postmenopausal women. A questionnaire, including Osteoporosis Knowledge Test and questions related with sociodemographic data, variables like chronic disease history, alcohol and cigarette smoking habits, gynecological-obstetric history, was applied by researchers with face to face interview to all of the participants. Results: The mean age of the participants was 59.0±10.1 years. Mean total knowledge score was 15.4±4.9; mean osteoporosis exercise knowledge score was 9.5±3.5 and mean osteoporosis calcium knowledge score was 10.6±3.3. It was found that mean total osteoporosis knowledge score, exercise and calcium knowledge scores was significantly high in participants with high educational level, non smokers. Similarly, the mean of these three scores was found to be significantly higher in participants with a history of abortion and corticosteroid use for more than 3 months. Osteoporosis knowledge score was significantly increased with menarche and menopause age. Conclusion: In conclusion, it was thought that the knowledge of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women is not sufficient, and it will be beneficial to protect and improve public health by identifying groups that may have low level of knowledge and providing health education. Keywords: Osteoporosis, menopause, level of knowledge
The effect of informing about the disease on the level of anxiety in COVID-19 cases
Authors: Usanma Koban Buğu
Published: November 2023

Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of informing Covid-19 patients about the disease and following them up during the isolation, on their anxiety level. Materials and methods: In this study, Covid-19 patients between the ages of 18-65 who were followed on home isolation in Tuzla, Istanbul; between August 1 – September 30, 2020 were included. At the time of reporting the test results; their sociodemographic information was recorded. State Anxiety Scale (STAI-I), Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) were applied. Home visits were arranged and patients were informed about the course of the infection, the isolation and treatment. Patients were followed up by phone calls every other day. The same questionnaires were applied to the patients on the 11th day of isolation, the scores were compared with the first results. Results: Of the 98 participants 50 were female (51%), 48 were male (49%). Considering the average score at first conversation and at the end of 10 days; STAI-I scores decreased significantly (p<0.001). This decrease was higher in women and primary school graduates (p<0.001 and p=0.010 respectively). The change between PHQ-4 and CAS scores was not statistically significant (p=0.319 and p=0.053, respectively). Conclusion: Providing adequate information and regular follow-up are effective in coping with anxiety by alleviating the loneliness and helplessness of patients.
Investigation of vaccine hesitancy in pandemics and related factors in students at the Göztepe campus of Marmara University
Authors: Gürbüz Muhammet Ali , Öksüz Hilal Sena
Published: November 2023

Introduction and aim: Vaccine hesitancy and vaccine refusal are two of the most important health threats, the frequency of which has increased in recent years. The confusion caused by both the imbalances in access to the vaccine and the information pollution in the Covid-19 pandemic has reinforced this hesitation. In this study, the level of vaccine hesitancy in university students and the factors affecting it were investigated. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the university students between December 2021 and March 2022 were included. The sociodemographic characteristics of the participants were recorded and the Vaccine Hesitancy in Pandemics Scale was applied. Results: Of 388 students participated in the study, 239 (63.2%) were female and 139 (36.8%) were male. No significant correlation was found between the sociodemographic characteristics of the students and their vaccination hesitancy scores. A significant negative correlation was found between the total vaccine doses of the vaccinated students and both the lack of confidence subscale and the risk subscale (r=-0.155 and p=0.003, respectively; r=-0.124 and p=0.016). While the lack of confidence subscale scores of students with only BioNTech were found to be significantly lower than those with only Sinovac, no significant difference was observed with those with Sinovac+BioNTech (respectively p=0.004 and p=0.053). It was observed that the different views of healthcare professionals about the vaccine caused hesitation in 194 (50%) of the participants. Discussion and conclusion: Vaccine hesitancy is common among university students, who are one of the highest levels of health literacy. Insecurity in vaccination affects vaccination rates. Directing students to accurate scientific information about vaccines will contribute to the improvement of social perception.
The competence of the Security Council over situations or disputes arising from human rights violations by a state under Chapter VI of the United Nations Charter
Authors: Alipour Mohammad
Published: November 2023

The peaceful settlement of disputes is one of the principles enumerated in the Charter of the United Nations, and the Security Council is entrusted with significant powers to achieve this goal. In today's world, accusations of human rights violations have become one of the primary challenges among nations in terms of upholding sovereignty. In accordance with the United Nations Charter, the Security Council may be called upon by the parties to a dispute, the General Assembly, or the Secretary-General, or it can act ex officio to seek a peaceful resolution or adjust a situation through peaceful means. If the Security Council determines that the situation or dispute in question may constitute a threat to international peace and security, it may invoke its powers under Chapter VI of the United Nations Charter. The purpose of this study is to examine the extent of the Security Council's competence and the powers it possesses when carrying out its conciliatory role in cases involving human rights violations by a Member State and conflicts that may arise regarding the interpretation and application of the United Nations Charter.
The Understanding persistent Pain Where it ResiDes study of low back pain cohort profile
Authors: Jenkins Luke C. , Chang Wei-Ju , Buscemi Valentina , Liston Matthew , Nicholas Michael , Graven-Nielsen Thomas , Hodges Paul W. , Wasinger Valerie C. , Stone Laura S. , Dorsey Susan G. , McAuley James H. , Schabrun Siobhan M.
Published: November 2023

Despite chronic low back pain (LBP) being considered a biopsychosocial condition for diagnosis and management, few studies have investigated neurobiological risk factors thought to underpin the transition from acute to chronic LBP. The aim of this research is to describe the methodology, compare baseline characteristics between acute LBP participants and pain-free controls, and compare LBP participants with or without completed follow-up. One hundred and twenty individuals experiencing acute LBP and 57 pain-free controls were recruited to participate in the Understanding persistent Pain Where it ResiDes (UPWaRD) study. Neurobiological, psychological, and sociodemographic data were collected at baseline, and at 3 and 6 months. Ninety-five participants (79%) provided outcome data at 3-month follow-up and 96 participants (80%) at 6 months. Compared to controls, LBP participants in the UPWaRD cohort were older, had a higher BMI, a higher prevalence of comorbidities, and higher medication usage. Higher depression, anxiety and stress, lower pain self-efficacy, and higher pain catastrophising during acute LBP were correlated with higher 6-month pain and disability. This cohort provides novel and significant opportunities to increase understanding of neurobiological risk factors of LBP. Future findings endeavour to provide new targets for treatment and prevention of chronic LBP. Additional priorities include exploring epigenetic and proteomic biomarkers of poor LBP outcome.
MPS from the West Pomeranian Province on Polish migration policy. Analysis based on submitted interpellations in the 9th term of the Parliament of the Republic of Poland
Authors:   University of Szczecin, Giedrojć Marzenna
Published: November 2023

The statutory right of a deputy to submit interpellations is provided for in the Rules of Procedure of the Polish Parliament as well as in the Act on the Exercise of the Mandate of a Depute and Senator. The aim of the paper is to analyse Poland’s migration policy in 2019–2023 in the context of interpellations submitted by MPs. In substance, they covered three areas of migration policy: the creeping refugee crisis in the EU and its consequences for Poland, the conflict on the external border of the European Union, which is the Polish-Belarusian border, and Russian aggression against Ukraine and the resulting mass presence of Ukrainians as war refugees in Poland. The analysis showed that in the period in question, Poland does not have a comprehensive migration strategy. In situations of inflow of large numbers of foreigners, decisions of the Polish government are made ad hoc and confirm the thesis that the PiS government is unable to cope with new migration challenges. The source basis of the analysis are interpellations submitted by MPs from the West Pomeranian Province addressed to the Prime Minister, the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration and the Minister of Education and Science. They are supplemented by laws and extensive literature on the subject.
The artificial islands of Vietnam in the South China Sea
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Kościelniak Karol
Published: November 2023

The militarisation of the South China Sea has specific implications for the regional security situation. The construction of artificial islands and platforms by the states of the region leads, on the one hand, to the assertion of their possessions and the enhancement of their security and, on the other hand, contributes to rising tensions in the region. The construction of such facilities by Vietnam goes unchallenged, there is no criticism and even some support – not so with China. Most countries see Vietnam as the country most able to stand up to its large neighbour. Vietnam otherwise operates more slowly and on a smaller scale, so it is commonly seen as defensive as it builds on islands that have belonged to Hanoi for decades and are close to the mainland coast.
The role of institutions in shaping state competitiveness: the evidence from the European countries
Authors:   University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Struk Oleksandra
Published: November 2023

The article aims to define the role of institutions in shaping competitiveness in certain European states. The research problem to be addressed through this study is to what extent does the level of competitiveness in world economy depends on Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) in particular countries. The study was conducted using a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods of data analysis. A cross-country comparative analysis, based on data from 32 European states in 2021, revealed that the level of competitiveness is determined by institutional environment. The higher the WGI percentile ranks, the better place in the World Competitiveness Ranking. The results of the study enabled to fully confirm the 1st hypothesis, i.e. the institutional governance quality and control of corruption have a noticeably positive impact on competitiveness. It was revealed that the 2nd hypothesis could not be confirmed because of statistical insignificance, i.e. countries with political stability, absence of violence/terrorism and quality of law are typically more competitive among world economies. Meanwhile, the 3rd one was partially confirmed, i.e. the quality of regulations leads to higher competitiveness of economies, while freedom of expression, free media and ability to participate in national elections have not a significant impact on competitiveness.
Сollaborative Content Creation by Both Editorial Staff and Readers in Media Community in the Internet as Communicative Technique
Authors:   Media group “Our Chelyabinsk”, Shevchenko Vladimir S.
Published: November 2023

The modern media environment is characterized by a large number of players, leading to high competition on social media, which is the main platform for mass communication. In such conditions, the search for communicative techniques and technologies becomes urgent as they can provide media communities with a competitive edge. Thus, the publication of unique content can become one of the effective methods of improving competitiveness. At the same time, we can notice difficulties with creating such content in modern conditions. Collaborative content production with both readers and editorial staff can become a solution. The article analyzes the experiences of media groups “Our Chelyabinsk” and media holding 74.ru for this purpose. Moreover, the article describes two resources of unique content: user­generated content (UGC) and commenting on posts, as well as communicative techniques to stimulate commenting. Using these communicative techniques can increase media community traffic, raise the number of followers, and improve the competitiveness of media communities.
Influencer as a Special Sociocultural Category in Modern Media Communications
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Yefanov Aleksandr A. ,   HSE University, Osokin Artem A. ,   Belgorod State National Research University
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the influencer as a special sociocultural category in modern media communications. A set of methods is used: case study; comparative analysis; sociocultural modeling; secondary analysis of statistical data. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is P. Lazarsfeld’s model of two stage communication, A. Ya. Flier’s theory of cultural genesis, and the author’s concept of an influencer as a special type of public opinion leader. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that the emergence of an influencer is due to sociocultural progress, which is determined by the dynamic development of modern media communications, primarily, the strengthening of products of the Internet field — mainly social media — in social everyday life. An influencer is a “representative” of the culture that has developed at a given stage of sociocultural development, and a “creator of the cultural world”. In this regard, the influencer is considered as a special sociocultural category in modern media communications, which is the result of sociocultural progress caused by the need to endow selected actors with the symbolic status of a public opinion leader in the disposition of social media in order to most organically influence the audience in accordance with the pragmatically inherent effect.
Regional (Local) Publications of Yakutia in the Digital Space: Opinions of Editors
Authors:   Institute for Humanitarian Research and North Indigenous People Problems of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Argylov Nikita A. , Lavrishcheva Maria S. ,   HSE University
Published: November 2023

The article presents the results of in­depth interviews with the editors of regional print publications of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Information was obtained related to the content of media products, digitalization, work on the Internet, state support of the media, relations with the authorities and local businesses, earnings, and media effects. The purpose of the work is to study the role of local publications in the life of the population of the district and determine the specifics of the work of such publications. To identify the state and problems of functioning of the local periodicals media market in the conditions of digitalization, leading players were selected from 35 districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): the respondents were the chief editors of newspapers of the central districts (Amginsky, Megino­Kangalassky, Namsky); southern districts (Lensky, Neryungrinsky, Olekminsky); northern (Arctic) districts (Ust­Yansky, Nizhnekolymsky, Srednekolymsky, Anabarsky); western districts (Vilyuysky, Nyurbinsky, Suntarsky). The study was conducted by the method of in­depth individual interviewing of respondents. A total of 13 respondents were interviewed. The quantitative analysis of the obtained data was carried out according to the methodology of O. V. Chudnova.
Manipulative strategies and tactics in Joe Biden’s presidential victory speech
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Afonina Olga I.
Published: November 2023

The study was carried out within the framework of political linguistics. The article provides an analysis of the strategies and tactics of Joe Biden in his victory speech in the presidential election on November 7, 2020. The author sets himself the task of studying the self­presentation of a politician. The paper examines the main characteristics of political discourse, the results of the study provide examples of various tactics and strategies that the president used in his speech. The task of the study is to identify and analyze various speech tactics, and an attempt is made to justify their use. The following tactics were identified and analyzed: tactics of association, identification, highlighting positive information, illustration, citation and tactics of discrediting the opponent. The result of the analysis showed that it is important for the president to create a positive image in front of the American people, his speech is filled with patriotic statements and gratitude to his electorate. The relevance of the work is due to the growing interest in political discourse on the example of American politicians. It was concluded that Joe Biden positions himself as a confident leader of the American people, who is destined to change the lives of citizens for the better and strengthen the grandness of his country.
The View of a Foreigner: Soviet Life and Soviet People in Artistic Reception of Jiri Weil
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Grasko Anna V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: November 2023

In the following study an attempt was made to analyze the image of the Soviet world, reflected in the novel by the Czech writer Jiří Weil “Moscow — the border” (1937). This image is unique in many ways, since its creator was the author, who, being in 1933–1934 an employee of the Comintern in Moscow, was a direct participant and observer of Soviet reality in the mid-1930s. It was his personal experience that gave a rare opportunity to consider many details of the Moscow Soviet life, as well as those processes and phenomena that covered the Soviet life of the aforementioned period. In addition, Weil’s powers of observation allowed him to make numerous and very valuable observations on the psychology of Soviet people, to recreate a gallery of the most striking types of “Soviet people”.
Home and family in teenage foreign detectives of German and English speaking writers
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Nefedov Dmitry B.
Published: November 2023

Within the framework of this study, the task of this article was to analyze and compare the image of Home and Family in teenage detective novels from the point of view of similarities and differences written by German (E. Kestner, A. Steinhöfel, A. Schlüter, J. Steinleitner) and English speaking writers (M. Blyton, R. Stevens, A. Bradley and S. Cleverly). The relevance of the task is determined by the fact that the characters of these novels have a significant impact on the formation of the life values of a teenage reader, including the attitude to crime and the punishment. The object of consideration is the images of “home” and “family”, and the material of the study is detective novels for teenagers written in German and English. The study allows us to conclude that despite the fact that the images of “home” and “family” are plot­forming elements in the detective stories of foreign writers, however, their role and significance in the lives of adolescents themselves, as well as their view to these images in the works of German and English speaking authors, differ significantly. While the family and home in German culture is the place where a teenager, in close connection with his parents, goes through the stages of his growing up, relying on the care and experience of the older generation, the family and home for British teenagers is associated with classmates and a school where strict mentors and not parents play the role of educators and teachers and educators. Sometimes it appears to be a negative role.
Media Projects in Line With Applied (Educational) Urban Studies: Theory and Practice
Authors:   Educational Strategies Institute, Murzina Irina Ya.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to revealing the potential of educational urbanism as a new direction in applied sociocultural research using the example of the project “The City Discovered by You.” The author reveals the features of modern digital culture and highlights significant aspects of its functioning (technical and technological, axiological, humanitarian). Each of these aspects is significant for education. This direction of applied sociocultural research as educational urbanism is substantiated, and its potential in media education is revealed. Using methods of discourse analysis and pedagogical modeling, issues of integration of the real and virtual worlds in educational practices are revealed. The importance of educational urbanism in professional activities for the spiritual and moral education of students based on basic national values is shown. Examples of specific tasks in line with media pedagogy are given to solve the problems of developing the socio­cultural space of the city and presenting the results of their own research, creative and social activities of schoolchildren in the digital environment.
The Role of Students’ Immediate Social Environment in Supporting Their Social Well-Being
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Zborovsky Garold Е. , Zasypkin Vladislav P. ,   Surgut State Pedagogical University
Published: November 2023

The article discusses the current problems of supporting the social well­being of students of secondary vocational and higher education. Based on the materials of a sociological study conducted in the Khanty­Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug (KhMAO-Yugra), the problems of social well-being of students were analyzed, one of the sources of which was their immediate social environment. The article identifies two groups of it: on the one hand, parents, relatives, friends, on the other — teachers, mentors, curators, stuff of departments, deans, representatives of the trade union organization. Various aspects of the socio-demographic portrait of students are shown, important aspects of the students’ immediate environment and their social well-being are considered, the subjects of support for the social well-being of students are characterized.
Participatory Practices as a Space for the Connection of an Artificial Neuroset and Human’s One in the Educational Process
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Bulatova Anastasiya V. , Zhuravleva Nadezhda I. ,   Ural Federal University, Melnikova Svetlana V. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes the changes taking place in the education in connection with the advent of neural networks. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) by students devalues traditional types of educational work, it requires adapting of a set of training tasks to new conditions. The authors describe the use of participatory methods as a tool for the formation of general and professional competencies for creative students. On the one hand, participatory practices imply personal participation of each student. On the other hand, they contribute to the formation of originality and flexibility of thinking, help practicing goal articulating skills. These skills could be used for effective work with neural networks.
Digitalization and Formation of a Project Culture: Opportunities and Risks
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Pankina Marina V.
Published: November 2023

The article deals with the problems of forming a project culture among students in the context of the active introduction of digital technologies, the transformation of the system of architectural and design education. The purpose of the article is to analyze the impact of new tools for presenting information and communication conditions for participants in the educational process on its effectiveness. Distance technologies and actively implemented project-based learning format, in cooperation with employers, create challenges to the established system of architectural and design education. Contradictory aspects of innovation are revealed: a decrease in the share of conceptual design, the depersonalization of knowledge, the loss of a teacher’s authority, a decrease in the opportunities for acquiring soft skills and critical thinking, which play an important role in shaping a project culture.
Lost and Found: University Teachers about the Change of Higher Education Quality
Authors: Ananin D. P. , Barannikov K. A. , Strikun N. G. , Suvirova A. Yu.
Published: November 2023

The article considers last three years’ changes of higher education quality from the perspective of university teachers as key actors of an educational process. The study focuses on the main factors infl uencing the quality of higher education and the nature of changes in the post-pandemic educational environment, in particular, through the use of digital solutions. The authors deliver primary (general) results of Russian university teachers’ poll regarding the triggers for changing the quality of higher education, the eff ectiveness of educational and pedagogical activities in the digital environment, as well as points to be paid attention at in ensuring the quality of higher education. The results of the poll show signifi cant changes in higher education over the period studied, especially in applied teaching practices and in lesson formats, these shifts contributing to the change of education quality in general. Global, institutional, and individual infl uencing factors together give multidirectional impact on the quality of education, thus forming diff erent experiences and perceptions of higher education quality dynamics. University teachers, however, are quite diff erently engaged in the university education quality assessment. Due to understanding themselves as key stakeholders in education quality assurance, university teachers identify their course load and additional non-curricular functions as the main barriers in developing their own eff ectiveness. The article is addressed to heads of academic programs and educational institutions, to executive authorities responsible for quality assurance and assessment in higher education, as well as to the representatives of research community in Russian higher education.
PARAMETRIC CFD STUDY OF SOLAR AIR HEATER HAVING ALTERNATED UPPER AND BOTTOM ABSORBER PLATES IN TURBULENT FLOW
Authors: Djemel Hassene , Mabrouk A. Ben , Hammami M. , Baccar Mounir
Published: November 2023

This work presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) investigation of a solar air heater (SAH) that features alternating upper and bottom absorber plates to evaluate its thermal behavior and turbulent flow characteristics. Generally, the SAH exhibits low heat transfer characteristics and poor thermal efficiency in turbulent flow. The use of alternating upper and bottom absorber plates facing the turbulent flow would improve heat transfer by producing recirculation zones mainly over these heated plates. The computational fluid dynamics software program, ANSYS Fluent 15.0, along with the renormalization-group (RNG) k-ε turbulence model, was utilized in this analysis to solve the transport equations for turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate. The analysis encompassed several geometric and operating parameters, including the relative absorber plate length Lp/h ranging from 4.375 to 140, the relative absorber plate height h/H ranging from 0.03 to 0.12, and the Reynolds number varying between 3800 and 18,000. The impact of these parameters on heat transfer improvement factors, including the heat transfer amelioration ratio (HTAR), friction loss amelioration ratio (FLAR), and thermohydraulic efficiency factor (THEF), was studied. The optimum computed THEF value was found to be 2.18 for Lp/h = 4.375, h/H = 0.12, and Re = 3800.
Edible coating from VCO, iota-carrageenan and alginate blends for pindang fish preservation
Authors: Iswahyuni Hana , Suyatma Nugraha Edhi , Wulandari Nur , Irianto Hari Eko , Dewi Fera Roswita , Nurhayati  , Sinurat Ellya , Nurbayasari Rodiah , Giyatmi  , Fransiska Dina
Published: November 2023

This study aims to develop an edible coating based on virgin coconut oil (VCO) nanoemulsion, iota-carrageenan and alginate to prolong the shelf life of pindang (mildly salted cooked) fish products. The research involved three stages: material preparation, characterization and determination of factors and responses for experimental design; parameter optimization to achieve optimal conditions; and application and analysis of pre- and post-coating characteristics of pindang fish. The parameter ranges were 0.5–1.5% for alginate concentration, 0.5–1.5% for iota-carrageenan concentration and 0.5–1.0% for VCO nanoemulsion concentration. The result of this study was an optimized food coating solution that was clear and bright white in color. Pindang fish coated with this layer showed improved quality in terms of water content (48.46%), weight loss (0.39%), pH (5.84), total volatile base (47.01%), salt content (2.9%), appearance (7), texture (7) and slime (7). At the same time, the total bacterial count remained unchanged (8 log colony-forming units (CFU)/g), the mold count remained unchanged (5 log CFU/g) and the aroma and taste received a score of 6. Thus, this study successfully produced an optimized edible coating that can enhance the quality and extend the shelf life of pindang fish, making it suitable for broader market distribution.
Durability properties of lightweight concrete with ceramic mould casting waste
Authors: Jia Zhiyou , Aguiar José , Cunha Sandra , Jesus Carlos , Castro Fernando
Published: November 2023

As economies and industrialisation have grown, the foundry industry has produced a significant amount of ceramic mould casting waste (CMCW). To promote resource utilisation, this study investigates recycling CMCW as a partial replacement for lightweight aggregates in lightweight concrete. The durability of lightweight concrete mixes with varying CMCW content was studied using surface electrical tests, ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements, non-steady-state accelerated chloride penetration tests and carbonation resistance experiments. The results indicate that a lightweight concrete containing 80% CMCW exhibited greater density and uniformity, greater resistance to chloride ion penetration and better resistance to carbonation. These findings suggest that CMCW can be an effective and sustainable replacement for lightweight aggregate in lightweight concrete, improving durability and environmental performance. This research contributes to the development of sustainable construction materials and provides insights for the use of CMCW in the foundry industry.
The influence of different teaching and learning strategies in mathematics – a case study
Authors: Motseki Puleng Dorah , Luneta Kakoma , Coetsee Sarah Cho
Published: November 2023

This article is a case study that examines how the different teaching and learning strategies influence mathematical knowledge acquisition at university. The research hinged on how mathematics lecturers at universities teach and how students acquire the disseminated knowledge. Research stresses that most lecturers have teacher-centred teaching approaches and mathematics teaching is with minimal student participation. Research further asserts that teaching approaches that emphasise student participation is critical in enhancing effective classroom interaction. This means that, as students’ learning strategy is dominantly a participatory and collaborative one, lecturers are challenged to create a learning-as participation environment for effective mathematics classroom interaction. The article reports a study that was conducted among university students and lecturers in a mathematics course at a South African university. The findings were that most lecturers at the university use traditional non-interactive teaching approaches that create passive environments in contrast with the predominant participative learning strategies of most students.
An assessment of the employability of learners who attained their qualifications through recognition of prior learning in Botswana
Authors: Gumbo Mishak Thiza , Serefete Sethunya Ludo , Oats Reginald
Published: November 2023

This study assessed the abilities and competencies of Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) graduates in Botswana and their employability. Twelve participants identified from various RPL education and training fields, and hairdressing and beauty therapy services were interviewed. The findings indicate that RPL has overall life-shaping consequences for the learners involved and for this reason, it was highly embraced by participants; RPL gives learners access to post-school education, including other qualifications; RPL benefits learners and it is thus value for money invested by the Botswana Government. Therefore, the promotion of social inclusion should be embraced and adopted as a mode of assessment to capacitate human resource development in Botswana. The article concludes by recommending a partnership between Government and relevant institutions and organisations to audit skills in the country to uncover the unused skills, as well as to design RPL that is relevant to the local needs.