bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lingkungan Fisik Kamar Tidur dan Pneumonia pada Anak Balita di Puskesmas Kawalu Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Widodo Nur
Published: June 2016

Pneumonia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting di Indonesia termasuk di Kota Tasikmalaya. Diperkirakan proporsi penyakit pneumonia bayi adalah 16,4%, dan pada balita adalah 25%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kejadian pneumonia pada balita dengan faktor lingkungan fisik kamar tidur dan karakteristik anak. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah case control. Sampel sebanyak 300 responden terdiri dari 150 orang kasus dan 150 orang kontrol. Dari hasil uji multivariat tanpa interaksi, faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kejadian penyakit pneumonia pada anak balita adalah status gizi dengan nilai B 1,799 dan OR = 6,041 (CI 95%=1,607-22,713). Sedangkan hasil uji interaksi diperoleh hasil bahwa faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kejadian pneumonia anak balita adalah interaksi antara asap obat nyamuk dengan status gizi dengan nilai B 1,040 dan OR=2,828 (CI 95%=1,667-4,7988). Pada perhitungan probabilitas didapatkan hasil bahwa balita yang menderita pneumonia memiliki probabilitas odds 15,6 kali punya riwayat status imunisasi tidak lengkap (DPT dan Campak), status gizi kurang dan ada asap obat nyamuk bakar di dalam kamar tidur dibanding balita yang tidak menderita pneumonia. Disarankan agar anak balita diimunisasi lengkap (DPT dan Campak), diberi asupan makanan dengan gizi seimbang, dan tidak menggunakan obat anti nyamuk bakar di dalam kamar tidur, serta perlu disosialisasikan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita.Kata kunci: Pneumonia, balita, kamar tidurAbstractPneumonia is still an important public health problem in Indonesia, especially in Tasikmalaya city, West Java. It was predicted that pneumonia contributed to fetal death at about 16.4%, while the incidence of the pneumonia among under 5 years children is 25%. The objective of this study is to know the relationship between physical environment of baby sleeping room and pneumonia. Design of the study used is case control study. The sample size is 300 subjects consists of 150 cases and 150 controls. Based on multivariate analysis, the nutritional status of children relate closely with pneumonia (OR = 6.041; 95% CI =1.607- 22.713). While from an interaction analysis it was found that there is an interaction effect of mosquito coil and nutritional status on pneumonia (OR=2.828 ;CI 95%= 1.667-4.7988). Based on probability computation it was known that under 5 years old children who suffer from pneumonia has probability odds of 15.6 times has incomplete diphteria and measles immunization, poor nutritional status, and using mosquito coil compared to healthy children. Under five years children is recommended to get complete DPT and measles immunization, provided balance nutritional intake and not using mosquito coil in sleeping room.Keywords : Pneumonia, under 5 years children, sleeping room
Analisis Kesehatan Kerja Pembantu Rumah Tangga di Surabaya
Authors: Lestari Tri Rini Puji
Published: June 2016

Perempuan pembantu rumah tangga (PRT) dipandang sebagai potret buram perempuan saat ini. Keberadaan PRT diselimuti oleh berbagai persoalan struktural seperti kemiskinan, diskriminasi, ideologi patriarki, feodalisme dan klas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi kesehatan kerja PRT di Surabaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam kepada informan kunci. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas kerja, beban kerja, dan beban tambahan yang diterima PRT menjadikan PRT disebut sebagai “pekerja yang serba bukan” karena posisi “marginal” dari status sekaligus posisi PRT. Selain itu, sampai saat in, di Surabaya PRT belum mendapat perlindungan hukum. Sebagai gambaran bahwa pekerjaan PRT masih belum dianggap sebagai profesi yang layak yang diatus secara khusus sebagaimana a profesi-profesi yang llain.Kata kunci: Kesehatan kerja, pembantu rumah tanggaAbstract Housemaid (PRT) has been viewed as dark portrait of woman condition at the present. Structural problems such as poverty, discrimination, patriarchic ideology, feudalism and class conflict were surrounded PRT problem. The purpose of this study was to understand the health condition of PRT in Surabaya. The method used in this study was qualitative method by conducting in-depth interview to key informants. Result of this study indicates that capacities of work, work load, and additional burden of PRT its make PRT conceived of “worker whose none at all “ because of “marginal” position and status of PRT. Besides, there is no law protection for PRT in Surabaya and PRT job has not been viewed as a proper employment.Keywords: Health work, housemaid
Ketahanan Hidup Setahun Pasien Stroke di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta
Authors: Mulyani Sri
Published: June 2016

Di Indonesia, penyebab utama kematian di rumah sakit adalah stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketahanan hidup 1 tahun pasien stroke yang dirawat di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta tahun 2003 dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah kohort retrospektif. Sampelnya adalah total populasi, yaitu 275 pasien yang didiagnosa mengalami serangan stroke pertama dan dirawat di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta, yang masuk tanggal 1 Januari sampai 31 Desember 2003. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa probabilitas ketahanan hidup pasien stroke berbeda beda, tergantung pada tipe stroke, ruang rawat, dan penyakit jantung. Masing-masing probabilitas ketahanan hidup setahun pasien stroke adalah sebagai berikut: 63,7% pada pasien tipe stroke stroke iskemik vs. 22,9% pada pasien tipe stroke hemoragik, 70,4% pada pasien di ruang rawat Unit Stroke vs. 36,9% pada pasien di Ruang Neurologi, 37,7% pada pasien stroke dengan penyakit jantung vs. 53,2% pada pasien tidak dengan penyakit jantung. Hasil analisis regresi cox ganda menunjukkan bahwa setelah dikontrol oleh umur, pasien Stroke Hemoragik berisiko untuk meninggal 3 kali lebih besar dibandingkan pasien Stroke Iskemik, pasien stroke yang dirawat di Ruang Neurologi berisiko untuk meninggal 3 kali lebih besar dibandingkan di Ruang Unit Stroke, dan Pasien stroke berpenyakit jantung berisiko untuk meninggal 1.4 kali.Kata kunci : Stroke, probabilitas ketahanan hidupAbstractIn Indonesia, the main cause of death at hospital is stroke. The objective of this study is to know the one year probability of survival rate of stroke patient at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta and factors influencing the rate. The design of this study is retrospective cohort using the medical record database, subjects were total population, i.e., 375 patients diagnosed as the first stroke attack and lodge at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during first January to thirty first December year 2003. The results of this study shows that the probability of one year survival stroke patients depend on type of stroke, place of take care, and existing of heart disease after controlled for age of patients. The probability of one year survival stroke patients are as follows: 63,7% among ischemic stroke vs. 22,9% among haemorhagic stroke; 70,4% among patients who take care at Stroke Unit vs. 36,9% among patients take care of at Neurology Unit; 37,7% among patients with existing heart disease vs. 53,2% among patients without heart disease. The multiple Cox regression shows that after controlled for age, the haemoraghic stroke have risk to die 3 time higher compare than ischemic stroke, the patients at Neurology Unit have risk to die 3 time higher compare than those at Stroke Unit, and the patients stoke with existing heart disease have risk to die 1.4 time higher.Keywords : Stroke, probability of survival rate
Pengaruh Implementasi Quality Management System ISO 9001:2000 terhadap Kinerja Rumah Sakit Duren Sawit
Authors: Ekowati Dian
Published: June 2016

Upaya organisasi meningkatkan produksi jasa pelayanan kesehatan melalui implementasi Quality Management System ISO 9001:2000 secara sistematis, menyeluruh dan sinambung seharusnya mampu menampilkan kinerja yang efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai peran implementasi QMS ISO 9001:2000 terhadap kinerja Rumah Sakit Duren Sawit yang akan diukur melalui pendekatan kerangka strategis Balanced Scorecard serta identifikasi kesenjangan dalam organisasi untuk menganalisis kesiapan implementasi manajemen strategis Balanced Scorecard di Rumah Sakit Duren Sawit. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa melalui pemahaman dan implementasi yang QMS ISO 9001:2000 konsistensi, Rumah Sakit Duren Sawit mampu menghasilkan kinerja organisasi yang efektif dan efisien. serta berhasil menganalisis kesiapan Rumah Sakit Duren Sawit untuk mengimplementasikanmanajemen strategis Balanced Scorecard melalui identifikasi kesenjangan dalam mengumpulkan sumber informasi untuk mengukur indikator-indikator hasil yang merupakan rambu-rambu bagi keberhasilan pencapaian sasaran strategis organisasi.Kata kunci : QMS ISO 9001:2000, kerangka strategi, balance scorecardAbstractThe organization effort to improve health care service production through implementation of Quality Management System ISO 9001:2000 in a systematic, comprehensivelyand continuously should results in effective and efficient performance. This study objective is to observe the role of Quality Management System ISO 9001:2000 implementation on performance of Duren Sawit Hospital measured by Balance Scorecard strategic frame approach to analyze the readinessof the hospital to implement Balance Scorecard strategic management. The study results show that through understanding and consistent implementation of QMS ISO 9001:2000 Duren Sawit Hospital can produce effective and efficient organization performance. This study also provide analysis on the readiness of Duren Sawit Hospital to implement Balance Scorecard strategic management and identify the gaps of sources of information to measure indicators toachieve organization strategic objectives.Keywords : QMS ISO 9001:2000, strategic frame, balance scorecard
Pengaruh Asam Lemak Jenuh, Tidak Jenuh dan Asam Lemak Trans terhadap Kesehatan
Authors: Sartika Ratu Ayu Dewi
Published: June 2016

Dewasa ini pola makan modern sering dihubungkan dengan meningkatnya kadar kolesterol di dalam darah. Tingginya kolesterol darah dapat memicu munculnya penyakit degeneratif seperti stroke dan penyakit jantung koroner. Jenis makanan yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap timbulnya penyakit degeneratif yaitu makanan yang mengandung asam lemak jenuh dan asam lemak trans. Asam lemak trans memiliki pengaruh hampir 2 kali lipat dalam meningkatkan rasio K-LDL/K-HDL dibandingkan dengan asam lemak jenuh. Perubahan pada rasio kolesterol total/HDL-K atau K-LDL/K-HDL merupakan prediktor CHD (Coronary Heart Disease).Kata kunci : Asam lemak jenuh, asam lemak trans, penyakit degenatifAbstractNowadays modern meal pattern is related to the increase of cholesterol level in the blood. The high blood cholesterol can lead to degenerative diseases such as stroke and coronary heart disease. Foods that suspected to influence the occurrence of degenerative diseases are saturated fatty acid and trans fatty acid. Trans fatty acid can influence almost twice higher in increasing ratio of K-LDL/K-HDL compared to saturated fatty acid. The change in ratio of total cholesterol/ HDL-K or K-LDL/K-HDL is predictor of coronary heart disease.Keywords : Saturated fatty acid, trans fatty acid, degenerative diseases
Regulasi Pengendalian Masalah Rokok di Indonesia
Authors: Achadi Anhari
Published: June 2016

Regulasi pengendalian masalah merokok di Indonesia ada dalam bentuk peraturan perundang-undangan yang dihasilkan oleh Badan Legislatif maupun peraturan yang dikeluarkan oleh Badan Eksekutif. Perundang-undangan paling tinggi yang mengatur masalah merokok berupa Peraturan Pemerintah yang berlaku saat ini adalah PP No 19 tahun 2003. Peraturan Pemerintah tersebut merupakan amandemen Peraturan Pemerintah sebelumnya, yaitu PP No 39 Tahun 2000, yang juga merupakan bentuk amandemen dari PP sebelumnya lagi, yaitu PP No 81 Tahun 1999. PP No 19 Tahun 2003 yang mengatur beberapa hal penting yang meliputi a) kandungan kadar nikotin dan tar; b) persyaratan produksi dan penjualan rokok; c) persyaratan iklan dan promosi rokok; dan d). penetapan kawasan tanpa rokok. Pperundangan berupa Perda (Peraturan Daerah) maupun Keputusan Gubernur, yang mengatur pelaksanaan dari Peraturan Pemerintah di atas. Jika dibandingkan dengan traktat internasional seperti FCTC (Framework Convention on Tobacco Control) maka PP No 19 Tahun 2003 masih belum memadai. Indonesia sampai saat ini belum meratifikasi Framework Convention on Tobacco Control ini.Kata kunci : Pengendalian masalah merokok, peraturan pemerintah, FCTCAbstractRegulation on tobacco (smoking) control in Indonesia exists both as a product of legislative and executive bodies. The highest existing tobacco control regulation is Government Regulation (Peraturan Pemerintah) No 19/ 2003. This Goverment Regulation is a result of the amendment of the Government Regulation No 38/2000 and Government Regulation No 81/ 1999. Issues regulated by the existing PP include a) nicotine and tar content; b) requirements concerning the production and sale of cigarettes; c) advertisement and promotion; and d) non-smoking areas. Other regulations on tobacco control include local laws and executive (Governor) order as further implementation of the government regulation. The existing PP falls short when compared to the International Convention on Tobacco Control (Framework Convention on Tobacco Control). So far, Indonesia has not ratified the FCTC yet.Keywords : Tobacco control, government regulation, FCTC
Perbandingan Analisis Regresi Logistik dengan Analisis Propensity Score Matching pada Studi Kasus Imunisasi Bayi
Authors: Utomo Waras Budi
Published: June 2016

Analisis multivariat konvensioanal tidak selalu merupakan metode ideal untuk memprediksi efek pajanan pada studi-studi observasional. Ketika distribusi kovariat antara kelompok pajanan berbeda besar, penyesuaan dengan teknik multivariat konvensioanl tidak cukup menyeimbangkan kelompok tersebut. Bias yang tersisa dapat menghambat penarikan kesimpulan yang valid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan hasil analisis multivariat konvensional dengananalisis metoda propensity score matching pada studi kasus data sekunder imunisasi bayi ASUH KAP2 2003. Penelitian ini menemukan nilai OR metoda regresi logistik (0,99) berbeda dengan metoda propensity score matching (0,96). Metoda propensity score matching berhasil menjodohkan 574 subjek(68,27%). Untuk evaluasi pengaruh faktor risiko disarankan menggunakan model PSM karena mengurangi bias seleksi, tetapi untuk analisis faktor determinan yang banyak variabel independent, gunakan matching kerena variabel tersebut mempunyai posisi yang sama.Kata kunci : Regresi logistik, propensity score matching.AbstractConventional multivariable analyses may not always be the ideal method for estimating exposure effects in observational studies. Where there are large differences in the distribution of covariates between expose groups, adjusting with conventional multivariable techniques may not adequately balance the groups, and the remaining bias may limit valid causal inference. The objective of this research is to compare the result of convensional multiariate analysis versus propensity score matching analysis in case study of infant immunization using secondary data of ASUH KAP2 2003. Model will be compared without interaction variable. The results show that the OR from logistic regression (0,99) differs to propensity score matching (0,96). Propensity score matching is successfulin matching 574 subjects (68,27%). It is recommended to evaluate risk factor effect using PSM model, but to use logistic regression analysis for determinat factor analysis with many independent variables because the variables have the same position.Keywords: Logistic regression, propensity score matching.
Pre-Eklampsia Berat di RSUD Bayu Asih Purwakarta
Authors: Yulianti Lia , Fikawati Sandra
Published: June 2016

Pada periode 2004 - 2005, kejadian pre-eklampsia berat pada ibu hamil di RSUD Bayu Asih Purwakarta meningkat dari 15,2% menjadi 23,6%. Peningkatan kejadian PEB ini diperkirakan dipengaruhi faktor pendidikan, pekerjaan, umur ibu, paritas, umur kehamilan, riwayat penyakit, dan pemeriksaan antenatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis berbagai faktor determinan pre-eklampsia berat pada Ibu hamil di RSUD Bayu Asih Purwakarta. Penelitian dengan disain studi case control ini dilakukan pada 133 kasus ibu dengan pre-eklampsia berat dan 133 kontrol ibu dengan non pre-eklampsia berat di RSUD Bayu Asih Purwakarta tahun 2004-2005. Metoda analisis yang digunakan adalah metoda analisis regresi logistik ganda. Penelitian ini menemukan faktor-faktor umur ibu, riwayat penyakit, dan pendidikan berhubungan secara bermakna dengan kejadian pre-eklampsia berat. Faktor yang berhubungan paling erat dengan kejadian pre-eklampsia berat adalah riwayat penyakit. Disarankan untuk melakukan penyuluhan pada ibu hamil, khususnya yang berumur >35 tahun dan primigravida dan ibu yang pernah mengalami pre-eklampsia berat agar mampu mendeteksi secara dini gejala dan tanda pre-eklampsia berat untuk segera mencari pelayanan rumah sakit juga melengkapi pengisian data file rekam medis pasien agar dapat memberikan tindakan medis yang sesuai dan tepat.Kata kunci : Pre-eklampsia berat, ibu hamil, rumah sakitAbstractIn the period of 2004 - 2005, the severe preeclampsia condition among pregnant woman in RSUD Bayu Asih Purwakarta had been increased from 15,2% to 23,6%. It was predicted that the increase was related to factors such as education, job, mother age, parity, pregnancy age, illness and antenatal care. The objective of this study is to analyse several factors related to severe preeclampsia condition among pregnant woman who delivered in RSUD Bayu Asih Purwakarta in the period of 2004-2005. The study design used in this research is case control that conducted among 133 cases mother who suffered from severe preeclampsia condition and 133 mothers who did not suffer from severe preeclampsia. The method of analysis used in this study is logistic regression method. This research found that mother age, illness, and education were related to severe preeclampsia condition. On the other hand, job, parity, pregnancy age, and antenatal care were not related to the severe preeclampsia condition. Illness has the strongest relationship to severe preeclampsia condition. According to the study results, pregnant women especially those age more than 35 year and primigravida need clear information about severe preeclampsia condition so they can seek the needed health service. The hospital must collect complete information about patiens’ medical record.Keywords : Severe preeclampsia, pregnant women, hospital
Malaria Vivax di Kabupaten Nias Selatan
Authors: Siahaan Lambok
Published: June 2016

Diperkirakan sekitar 2,5 milyar manusia hidup di wilayah endemis malaria dengan ± 300 juta kasus dan ± 1 juta kematian yang sebagian besar adalah anak-anak. Di Indonesia, malaria tak pernah tereradikasi dan mengalami pasang surut dari tahun ke tahun. Di Jawa-Bali, API pada tahun 2001 (0,62%) dan 2004 (0,15‰) dan di luar Jawa-Bali, AMI pada tahun 2001 (26,20‰) dan 2004 (21,20‰) terlihat menurun. Kabupaten Nias Selatan merupakan daerah endemis malaria dengan angka Monthly Malaria Incidence (MoMI) pada 2005 (124,24 ‰). Gempa bumi tektonik dan tsunami dan gempa bumi susulan yang terjadi berpengaruh meningkatkan angka insiden. Lingkungan menjadi lebih kondusif bagi perkembangan vektor penyakit malaria. Hidup di pengungsian dan penurunan daya beli penduduk menurunkan daya tahan tubuh. Kerusakan sarana dan prasarana kesehatan juga sangat berpengaruh pada pregram pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data tentang prevalensi penderita malaria vivax di Kabupaten Nias Selatan. Penelitian dengan desain epidemiologi diskriptif kasus seri ini menegakkan diagnostik malari secara klinis dan laboratorium. di Kabupaten Nias Selatan lebih sedikit daripada malaria spesies plasmodium yang lain. Kasus terbanyak dijumpai pada jenis kelamin perempuan (3,6%) dan kelompok umur 35-44 tahun (1,9%).Kata kunci : Malaria vivax, PrevalensiAbstractThe South Nias District is an endemic malaria area with Monthly Malaria Incidence (MoMI), in 2005 of 124.24 ‰. The increase of the M0MI rate is influenced by tectonic earthquake and tsunami. The enviroment become more condusive for vector development. Living condition in barrack and the decreasing buying ability affected body immunity. The destruction of health facilities affected prevention and disease control program. The study was conducted to obtain data on prevalence of malaria vivax in South Nias District. Data was collected through structured interviewed in a cross sectional study design. The diagnosis of malaria was made by microscopic blood examination. The prevalence of malaria vivax in South Nias district was 5.1%. Most cases were found among women (3.6%) and 35-44 years of age group (1.9%). It was concluded that in South Nias district, patient of malaria vivax was fewer than other types of malaria.Keywords : Malaria vivax, prevalence
MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES USED IN BIG DATA
Authors:   1Integrated Systems Department, Institute for Computers, NITA Stefania Loredana
Published: June 2016

The classical tools used in data analysis are not enough in order to benefit of all advantages of big data. The amount of information is too large for a complete investigation, and the possible connections and relations between data could be missed, because it is difficult or even impossible to verify all assumption over the information. Machine learning is a great solution in order to find concealed correlations or relationships between data, because it runs at scale machine and works very well with large data sets. The more data we have, the more the machine learning algorithm is useful, because it “learns” from the existing data and applies the found rules on new entries. In this paper, we present some machine learning algorithms and techniques used in big data
Study on the diffusion coefficients for ammonia nitrogen and nitrite and nitrate in PVA gels
Authors: Yang Hong , Guan Qingkun
Published: June 2016

In order to quantify the proliferation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gels in a matrix and optimize the performance of mass transfer, activated carbon (AC) and CaCO3 were selected as adding materials in this experiment. For the performance of mass transfer, the optimal conditions were analyzed using response surface method (RSM) considering the inter-correlated effects of the amount of AC and CaCO3. For RSM, 13 trials resulted in a partial cubic polynomial equation, which best predicted the amount of residual debris after homogenization. The results of the study show that the effective diffusion coefficient test device can analysis the diffusion rate nitrogen, nitrite and nitrate within the PVA gels quantitatively; adding appropriate amounts of AC and CaCO3 in the biological active filter can improve the performance of mass transfer effectively; the maximum effective diffusion coefficient of nitrogen and nitrite and nitrate in the packing were 1.3637 × 10−9 and 1.0850 × 10−9 and 1.0199 × 10−9 m2/s, respectively, at optimal addition amount.
Translation of a Tissue-Selective Rexinoid, UAB30, to the Clinic for Breast Cancer Prevention
Authors: Muccio Donald D. , Atigadda Venkatram R. , Brouillette Wayne J. , Bland Kirby I. , Krontiras Helen , Grubbs Clinton J.
Published: June 2016

This review focuses on our efforts to translate a low-toxicity retinoid X receptor-selective
agonist, UAB30, to the clinic for the prevention of breast cancers. The review is divided into several
sections. First, the current status of breast cancer prevention is discussed. Next, preclinical studies are
presented that support translation of rexinoids to the clinic for cancer prevention. While current FDAapproved
retinoids and rexinoids demonstrate profound effects in treating cancers, they lack sufficient
safety for long term use in the high risk population that is otherwise disease free. The review stresses
the need to identify cancer preventive drugs that are effective and safe in order to gain wide use in the
clinic. Due to the heterogeneity of the disease, UAB30 is evaluated for the prevention of ER-positive
and ER-negative mammary cancers. Since selective estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors
are used clinically to prevent and treat ER-positive breast cancers, preclinical studies also
must demonstrate efficacy of UAB30 in combination with existing drugs under use in the clinic. To
support an Investigational New Drug Application to the FDA, data on pharmacology and toxicity as
well as mutagenicity is gathered prior to human trials. The review concludes with a discussion of the
outcomes of human Phase 0/1 clinical trials that determine the safety and pharmacology of UAB30.
These studies are essential before this agent is evaluated for efficacy in phase 2 trials. Success in
phase 2 evaluation is critical before long-term and costly phase 3 trials are undertaken. The lack of
surrogate biomarkers as endpoints for phase 2 evaluation of rexinoid preventive agents is discussed.
Diagnosis and Intralesional Corticotherapy in Oral Ulcers Occurring as the Sole Manifestation of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. A Case Report
Authors: Gambirazi Liane , Libório Tatiana , Nunes Fábio , Sugaya Norberto , Migliari Dante
Published: June 2016

This article reports a case of oral mucosa lesions as the sole manifestation in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). This is a very uncommon manifestation of LCH since this disease preferably affects the bones with frequent involvement of the jaws. LCH may also involve other organs, particularly the lungs, liver, lymph nodes, and skin. The highlights of this report are the differential diagnosis, immunohistochemical analysis and, mostly, the therapeutic approach.
Innovation of Teaching and Learning English Applied to Animal Sciences’ Student with the Combination of Computer Media and Audio Visual
Authors: Istri Aryani I Gusti Agung , Rahayuni Ni Ketut Sri
Published: June 2016

Currently, knowledge era is not only concern on books but also technology use as the product to enhance the intellectual capability. This technology development can support the process of teaching and learning English in the classroom activities and language laboratory. Computer and audio visual is the essential media to assist a lecturer, besides books or hand out distributed to the students which also supported the method of teaching according to their needs. In this research, we have observed and analyzed 94 students from the Faculty of Animal Science in two different classes, 46 students in class A and 48 students in class B, year 2014/2015 by using Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) system for about one semester. Basically, collaborative materials were given on the scope of Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking related to animals and their habits by using videos displayed that combined with ONIC DL-300 plus program provided at the English laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, Udayana University as the supporting element in teaching and learning English. The progress of learning English can be observed and analyzed from their result of evaluation in the classroom and language laboratory. In this case, the result of achievement evaluated from their final scores of soft skill including assignments and participation, practicum, mid test and also final test. It showed that 100% students passed the final range scoring in class A and 96% students passed in class B.
A Study on the Personal Deixis of Korbafo Dialect in Rote Language
Authors: Latupeirissa David Samuel
Published: June 2016

This writing is entitled: “A Study on the Personal Deixis of Korbafo Dialect in Rote Language”. Data were gained using linguistic field research method. Next, the writer used descriptive method to analyze data. The writer only foccused his research on analyzing personal deixis in korbafo dialect. Based on research made, there are three kinds of personal deixis in Korbafo dialect: comprising both singular and plural forms of first person deixis, second person deixis and third person deixis. The personal deixis on singular forms comprising the speaker Au (1 Singular), the addressee/ hearer Ko (II Singular), and the non-speaker Ndia (III Singular). The personal deixis on plural forms comprising; Ita (I Plural Incl), Ami (I Plural Excl), Kemi (II Plural), Sila (III Plural).
The Roles Played of Semantic Theory Found in Novel the Moon that Embracing the Sun Translation
Authors: Suryasa I Wayan
Published: June 2016

This paper was at knowing the role of semantic theory towards translation studies. There were some point that discussed in this study included to how complex the meaning related in translation. In one hand, the research was conducted to explore about semantic contribution in translation and the other hand, as well as to explain more that semantic was a translation. It was to mean that in doing translation, semantic has an important aspect on it. The data were taken from novel entitled The Moon That Embracing the Sun. The result of this study saw that semantic has important role at involving to be understandable by the reader. In novel, it was applied a figurative languages, which dominates the reader to be interested and knowing more about the story was. Those figurative languages were metaphor, personification, hyperbole, simile, and synecdoche. The most used was metaphor.
Translating authentic text Business text
Authors: Wirawan I Gede Nika , Amri Luciana Mega Setia , Pradnyana Kadek Bagus Deva
Published: June 2016

U.S. retail sales dropped overall in October partly as a result of superstorm Sandy that hit much of the East Coast in the last week of the month. Retail and food-service sales fell 0.3% last month to a seasonally adjusted $411.59 billion, the Commerce Department said Wednesday. The decline was slightly larger than economists forecast for a 0.2% decrease. The Commerce Department said the storm had both positive and negative effects on the data. Some stores reported a drop in sales because storm damage forced them to temporarily or permanently close or they saw reduced business because of fewer customers. But other retailers experienced a sales boost as shoppers stocked up on emergency supplies, such as gas and food, ahead of the storm and then bought more goods if they had to evacuate. But the storm's effects aren't necessarily the only cause for the decline, particularly because the report doesn't provide regional figures.
Yield Performance of Calocybe indica on Different Agricultural Subatrate
Authors: Patel Pinkal , Trivedi Ratna
Published: June 2016

The Milky mushroom, Calocybe Indica was cultivated on different agricultural substrate, paddy straw, wheat straw, sugarcane trace and mango dry leaves. The spawning was done by sterilization of all the four substrate. The bags were kept in mushroom growing room with the maintenance of temperature and humidity 30̊ c-35̊ c and 70-80 % respectively. The minimum days requires for completion of spawn run (18.4 days), primordial formation (25.2 days) and days for first harvest (32.4 days) was first observed on cultivation with Paddy straw.  The maximum yield on fresh weight basis and biological efficiency (134.86 %) was also found to be as the same treatment with the Paddy straw as a substrate. The biological efficiency of wheat straw was at par with Sugarcane trace as substrate which was 85.07 % and 85.02 % respectively.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) & Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: Nehru R.S.S.
Published: June 2016

Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large” According to World Business Council for Sustainable Development, In globalization era education plays a crucial role in building the society and Nation. India is the highest country in a number of universities which constitute more than seven hundred universities, including private, public and semi sectors. Despite India have more institutions and strategies for education still Indian education is not competitive and performing infancy stage as compared to world class level. Education has pivotal role in nation building and molding superb wings of human recourse. In globalized economy and the privatization the education have been transformed into rural or root level of sustainable development in all sorts of human life. Adopting a businesslike approach which emphasizes a strategic CSR is important to survival in this increasingly competitive arena. It does not appear as a surprise to see universities and colleges discover the opportunity to move the focus beyond the classrooms into their own institutional operations. Universities, colleges and schools are the centers of knowledge generation and sharing perform a very important role in addressing the Triple Bottom Line of the world’ socioeconomic and environmental issues by promoting sustainable solutions. This paper discusses the good CSR practices and some suggestions that can boost up the CSR management and make invites on education sector.
An Exploratory Study on the Use of Social Media for Social Marketing
Authors: Sharma Ms. Shweta
Published: June 2016

Social media refers to the online media that allows multi-directional conversations and real time interactions such as social networking sites (SNS), blogs, discussions forums, content sharing, social bookmarks, wikis etc. Over the last decade, social media marketing has become a key focus area for both marketing practitioners and researchers. This paper focuses on the impact of social media in the domain of social marketing. For this study, we consider previous academic research in the area of social media and social marketing published in eminent research journals and management. After creating a summative background of social media and social marketing, we propose a model to understand the role of social media as a catalyst in the process of social change. Finally, we present two cases where social media played a significant role as a social catalyst.
A Comparative Study of Competitive Anxiety between Basketball and Volleyball Players
Authors: Singh Anita , Parmar Devender Singh
Published: June 2016

Anxiety is a psychological and physiological state characterized by somatic, emotional, cognitive and behavioral components. The root meaning of the word anxiety is `to vex or trouble. The objective of this paper is to compare the competitive anxiety between basketball and volleyball players. For this purpose 40 Male intercollegiate players from Basketball (20) and Volleyball (20) were taken as sample. For the purpose of this study the standardized Rainer Marten (SCAT, 1990) Scale was used.  The Questionnaire was administers in small groups during the intercollegiate Basketball and Volleyball tournament. The results of the study have revealed that there is no significant difference between the competitive anxiety of Basketball and Volleyball players of intercollegiate, as no significant difference has seen in the mean score at the Basketball and Volleyball players on competitive anxiety. Therefore it may be said that there is no influence of competitive anxiety at the Basketball and Volleyball players of inter-college level.
The Right to Information in India Implementation and Impact
Authors: Naveen _______ , Priti _____
Published: June 2016

The Right to Information Act 2005 was passed by the UPA (United Progressive Alliance) Government with a sense of pride. It flaunted the Act as a milestone in India’s democratic journey. It is five years since the RTI was passed; the performance on the implementation frontis far from perfect. Consequently, the impact on the attitude, mindset and behaviour patterns of the public authorities and the people is not as it was expected to be. Most of the people are still not aware of their newly acquired power. Among those who are aware, a major chunk either does not know how to wield it or lacks the guts and gumption to invoke the RTI. A little more stimulation by the Government, NGOs and other enlightened and empowered citizens can augment the benefits of this Act manifold. RTI will help not only in mitigating corruption in public life but also in alleviating poverty- the two monstrous maladies of India.
English about Antivirus Software
Authors: Syarif Hisyam
Published: June 2016

Antivirus is a type of software used to detect existing viruses on the computer system. Antivirus software also known as virus protection software. With this software we can find out whether a computer system is exposed to a virus or not. In general, this software runs in the background or the background, and also perform a scan of all files that are accessed. In today's antivirus Progress has been transformed and has many uses associated with the virus. But also the computer's performance. The virus code also usually always updated by the antivirus developer. So the computer is ensured its empowering. Even by new viruses though.
HRD Practices in Co-operative Sugar Mills in North Coastal Andra Pradesh
Authors: Krishna B.Murali , Jagarao Malla
Published: June 2016

Human resources are considered as most valuable strategic assets to the organization. The success of any organization depends on efficient use of human resources in the organization. This paper aims to analyze the various Human resource development (HRD) practices in co-operative sugar industry in north coastal Andrapradesh. The study measured an evaluation of HRD practices in the sugar industry. A sample of 100 employees from five co-operative sugar mills responded to a questionnaire which measured the evaluation of HRD practices and improve the values. HRD practices like training and development, performance appraisal system, quality of work life and development were positively related to organizational values of humane treatment. However, performance appraisal system, career planning, and contextual analysis variables were negatively associated with values such as trust and creativity. The analysis was limited to existing HRD practices. Further studies are needed on a larger sample to examine why some HRD practices and contextual analysis contributed negatively to organizational values. The result of the study can be useful in designing effective employee development programs that promote cherished organizational values. Little empirical knowledge exists on HRD practices and organizational values linkages in the context of co-operative sugar industry in Andrapradesh. The paper makes a modest attempt to fill the gap.
Peripherals Using in Working Area
Authors: Antara Gede Krisnanda Juni
Published: June 2016

Peripherals is additional hardware who connected to the computer, usually with the aid of wires or now many wireless peripheral devices. These computer peripherals duty to help accomplish the task cannot be performed by hardware which is mounted inside the casing. These peripherals can be divided into 2 of the input and output peripherals. In daily activities, peripherals much help humanity though not much like the example Printer. Human previously prints using a typewriter that is very inefficient and after the invention of a machine that can print very fast then this machine that replaces the role of the previous cumbersome machine becomes very easy to use. In its development until now very much changed peripherals ranging in terms of composition and form very striking. For example a mouse which only consists of 1 buttons until now that could be a wireless
Data Mining Technique Applied To DNA Sequencing
Authors: Jamuna R.
Published: June 2016

CpG islands (CGIs) play a vital role in genome analysis as genomic markers.  Identification of the CpG pair has contributed not only to the prediction of promoters but also to the understanding of the epigenetic causes of cancer. In the human genome [1] wherever the dinucleotides CG occurs the C nucleotide (cytosine) undergoes chemical modifications. There is a relatively high probability of this modification that mutates C into a T. For biologically important reasons the mutation modification process is suppressed in short stretches of the genome, such as ‘start’ regions. In these regions [2] predominant CpG dinucleotides are found than elsewhere. Such regions are called CpG islands. DNA methylation is an effective means by which gene expression is silenced. In normal cells, DNA methylation functions to prevent the expression of imprinted and inactive X chromosome genes. In cancerous cells, DNA methylation inactivates tumor-suppressor genes, as well as DNA repair genes, can disrupt cell-cycle regulation. The most current methods for identifying CGIs suffered from various limitations and involved a lot of human interventions. This paper gives an easy searching technique with data mining of Markov Chain in genes. Markov chain model has been applied to study the probability of occurrence of C-G pair in the given   gene sequence. Maximum Likelihood estimators for the transition probabilities for each model and analgously for the  model has been developed and log odds ratio that is calculated estimates the presence or absence of CpG is lands in the given gene which brings in many  facts for the cancer detection in human genome.
MGNREGA: A Boon to Rural Development
Authors: Shankerrao G.
Published: June 2016

The term Rural Development is the overall development of rural areas to improve the quality of life of rural people. In India, out of total population, 83.3 crores of population living in rural areas (Census of India, 2011) and this population is characterized by mass poverty, low levels of literacy and income, high level of unemployment, and poor nutrition and health status. The rural developmental programmers intends to reduce the poverty and unemployment, to improve the health and educational status and to fulfill the basic needs such as food, shelter and clothing of the rural population. To improve the conditions of rural people, Government of India has launched various schemes such as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), Rastriya Sama Vikas Yojana (RSVY), Indira Awas Yojana (IAY), Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (SGRY), Integrated Tribal Development Project (ITDP), Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA), etc. All these schemes are aimed to reduce the gap between rural and urban people, which would help reduce economic imbalances and speed up the development process. This article is highlights Impact, Issues and Challenges of MGNREGA on Rural Development
Medical Tourism and Inclusive Growth in Karnataka
Authors: Madappa D.
Published: June 2016

Medical tourism has emerged as a critical component of tourism in India. Medical tourism, a subset of health tourism, is an emerging segment of tourism industry and there are only a few serious studies conducted on the topic. With the growing importance of medical tourism and the thrust given by central and state governments to promote tourism, the paper explores the potential role of Ayurveda in medical tourism sector. A survey of practitioners, manufacturers, researchers, representatives of various associations in Ayurveda sector was carried out and the findings of the survey, which have policy implications, have been used to explore the possibilities of promoting Ayurveda sector in the medical tourism with the participation of local government institutions and community in order to achieve inclusive growth. The dominance of small and medium enterprises, individual researchers and practitioners, and labor intensive operations in Ayurveda based medical tourism and its impact on inclusive growth is highlighted. The paper also aims to formulate an action plan to address the critical issues of Ayurveda sector to enable it to play a central role in medical tourism.
Impact of Environmental Degradation on Human Health
Authors: Archana _______ , Datta Charu , Tiwari Pratibha
Published: June 2016

Degradation of environment is one of the most serious challenges before the mankind in today’s world. Mankind has been facing a wide range of problem arising out of the degradation of environment. Not only the areas under human inhabitation, but the areas of the planet without human population have also been suffering from these problems. As the population increase day by day, the amenities are not improved simultaneously. With the advancement of science and technologies the needs of human beings has been changing rapidly. As a result different types of environmental problems have been rising. Environmental degradation is a wide- reaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human population is great. It may be defined the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water, and soil. The destruction of ecosystem and extinction of wildlife. Environmental degradation has occurred due to the recent activities in the field of socio-economic, institute and technology. Poverty still remains a problem as the root of several environmental problems to create awareness among the people about the ill effect of environmental pollution. In the whole research it is clear that all factors of environmental degradation may be reduced through- Framing the new laws on environmental degradation, Environment friend policy, Controlling all the ways and means of noise, air, soil and water pollution, Through growing more and more trees and by adapting the proper sanitation policy.
A Critical Assessment of the Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojagar Yojana (SGSY) in India
Authors: Sarkar Susmita , Kumar Mahesh
Published: June 2016

The present study is a critical assessment of Swarnajayanti Gram SwarojagarYojana (SGSY), a national level anti-poverty program of government of India with regard to poverty eradication and women's empowerment. Though SGSY scheme focuses only on poverty reduction and does not have explicit gender equality objectives, however more number of women members and women Self-help groups are encouraged to be linked with this program than men. The Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, constituted a committee on credit related issues under SGSY to analyze the constraints in the adequate flow of credit to Self-help groups of SGSY and to suggest measures and strategies for promoting effective credit linkages to the SHGs and made two strategy of universalization coverage of SHGs assisted by bank credit and providing skills at least to one youth of a Below Poverty Line (BPL) family necessitates restructuring of SGSY.
Contextual Learning Approach and Performance Assessment in Mathematics Learning
Authors: Mahendra I Wayan Eka
Published: June 2016

This study aims to determine the effect of formative assessment and learning approach to the mathematics learning outcome after controlling the numerical aptitude. It was a quasi-experiment with a sample of 186 students obtained by using multistage random sampling technique with 2x2 factorial designs. The data were analyzed by ANCOVA. After controlling the numerical aptitude, the results are: the mathematics learning outcome of the students who followed a contextual approach was better than the ones who followed a conventional learning approach, the mathematics learning outcome of the students who were given a performance assessment was better than the ones who were given a conventional assessment, the interaction between the learning approach and formative assessment affected the students learning outcome for mathematics, the students who followed a contextual learning approach were more suitable to be given a performance assessment, whereas the ones who followed a conventional learning approach were more appropriate to be given a conventional assessment. Based on the research findings, junior high school teachers are suggested to improve their students learning outcome for mathematics. Then, teachers need to use a learning approach and formative assessment accurately and correctly.