bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Classification Performance of Continuous GNSS Stations Using a Combination of Human and Machine Learning
Authors: Le Nhung , Männel Benjamin , Deng Zhiguo , Luong Thanh Thach , Schuh Harald
Published: August 2022

Abstract:

 The increasing development of GNSS techniques enables solving geodetic problems on both local and global scales. Parallelly, complex algorithms have been proposed and can also be solved well by Machine Learning (ML). However, ML techniques are sometimes not sensitive enough to gain results with a high probability for some cases, like sparse data or non-stationary GNSS time series. In this study, we use a combination of Human and Machine learning (H&M) to improve the classification performance of continuous GNSS stations. First, 427 permanent GNSS stations are obtained from the EUREF network to train ML models. The models are then applied to classify the quality of 939 continuous observation stations from two projects, EIFEL and IPOC, carried out by the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany. Next, we independently validate the ML models' reality through a MATLAB program, GNSS metadata, and seismic data. Finally, all data of these 1366 stations are used to re-train the ML models. The main criteria to classify are the number of outliers, jumps in GNSS time series, root mean square errors, observation time-spans, and stability of the crustal motion velocity fields. Applying the approach of the H&M combination improves the performance of the ML models up to 92% while using only ML methods remains ~68%. These ML-based classification models can be applied to estimate the quality of permanent GNSS stations and to manage big databases. The result is the basis for selecting suitable control and monitoring stations in crustal deformation monitoring as well as in civil and industrial applications.

Keywords:

GNSS station classification, Machine learning, Human & Machine learning combination.
On the impact of GNSS receiver settings on the estimation of codephase center corrections
Authors: Breva Yannick , Schön Steffen
Published: August 2022

The role of codephase center corrections (CPC), also known as group delay variations (GDV), become more important nowadays, e.g. in navigation applications or ambiguity resolution. The CPC are antenna dependent delays of the received codephase, which are varying with azimuth and elevation of the incoming GNSS signal. These corrections can be estimated with a robot in the field with a similar approach as used for phase center corrections (PCC) for carrierphase measurements.
The Institut für Erdmessung (IfE) has been established an absolute calibration approach to estimate CPC and PCC for multi GNSS signals. The antenna under test (AUT) is precisely tilted and rotated around a fixed point in space by using a robot. With a reference station nearby and an external frequency standard a short-baseline common-clock setup can be achieved, which allows to calculate time-differenced single differences (dSD). The dSD can be used to estimate absolute CPC and PCC with spherical harmonics of degree and order 8. Due to highly dynamic stress, caused by the fast robot motion, a perfect tracking of the GNSS signals is challenging. This can lead to a worse repeatability of the estimated antenna pattern.
In this contribution, we are analysing different receiver settings, e.g. tracking loops, during a calibration process and their impact on the input observations (dSD) for the antenna pattern estimation, as well as their impact on the estimated CPC. Therefore, the Sx3 GNSS software receiver from the IFEN company is used, which allows to change settings in post processing using the same digitalized data stream. We show, that an optimal receiver setting can increase the repeatability of the CPC estimation.
Imaging the 3D Ionosphere by Global-Scale Tomography
Authors: Prol Fabricio S. , Hoque M. Mainul , Kodikara Timothy , Borries Claudia
Published: August 2022

High-resolution 3D ionosphere modelling is crucial to monitor and understand space weather. Prol et al. (2021) is one of the most recent developments in advanced global-scale tomography that can represent the ionospheric electron density in a relatively high spatial and temporal resolution. The study was applied to the March 17, 2015 geomagnetic storm, showing that global-scale tomography could be useful to reproduce the system dynamics during a severe geomagnetic storm. Our results show good agreement with several ground- and space-based measurements of the ionosphere. The dataset used as reference is based on electron density observations from worldwide ionosondes, Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar and in-situ measurements from the DMSP, GRACE and SWARM missions. The obtained results presented more accurate electron density profiles when compared to the Neustrelitz Electron Density Model, which is the model used as background, and physics-based thermosphere-ionosphere-electrodynamics general circulation model (TIE-GCM). Here we will present the main results in Prol et al. (2021), as well as provide guidelines and recommendations for future improvements in the development of 3D ionospheric models.

 

Reference:

Prol, F. S., Kodikara, T., Hoque, M. M., & Borries, C. (2021). Global-scale ionospheric tomography during the March 17, 2015 geomagnetic storm. Space Weather, 19, e2021SW002889. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021SW002889
Validating the Geoid Heights over Nigeria from Global Geopotential Models using ground-based GNSS/levelling Data
Authors: Bako Michael , Elsaka Basem , Kusche Jürgen , Fenoglio-Marc Luciana
Published: August 2022

Several high-resolution global geopotential models (GGMs) provide valuable information about the Earth’s gravity field products such as gravity anomalies and geoid heights. However, ground-based datasets are required to assess these products quality. This contribution investigates different validation strategies using geoid heights derived from GRACE- and GOCE-based GGMs as well as combination GGMs with the corresponding 136 well-distributed ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)/levelling points over the country of Nigeria within longitude 3º to 14º E and latitude 4º to 14º N. One of our validation strategies is to consider the spectral consistency by applying the spectral enhancement method (SEM) between the GGMs and the ground-based geoid heights. Accordingly, we incorporate high/very-high frequencies of gravity functional, i.e. the gravity signal beyond maximum d/o of GOCE-based GGMs, using the EGM2008 and the high-resolution digital terrain model provided by the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission). Our findings show that using the SEM strategy helped much in assessing the quality of the GGMs solutions more unbiasedly. In particular, the fits of GNSS/levelling to EGM2008 geoid heights show improvement from 0.288 m without applying the SEM compared to 0.276 m after the SEM was applied. Finally, four types of transformation models, i.e. linear, four-, five- and seven-parameter transformations, are examined to mitigate reference system offsets between the studied GGMs and the GNSS/levelling data over Nigeria. With the SEM technique and the best-fitting transformation model, we find that GGM misfits to GNSS/levelling down to about 0.26 m.

Keywords: GNSS/levelling, geoid heights, Global Geopotential Models (GGMs), transformation models, Spectral Enhancement Method (SEM).
On the benefits of clustering approaches in digital soil mapping: an application example concerning soil texture regionalization
Authors: Dunkl István , Ließ Mareike
Published: August 2022

Abstract. High-resolution soil maps are urgently needed by land managers and researchers for a variety of applications. Digital soil mapping (DSM) allows us to regionalize soil properties by relating them to environmental covariates with the help of an empirical model. In this study, a legacy soil dataset was used to train a machine learning algorithm in order to predict the particle size distribution within the catchment of the Bode River in Saxony-Anhalt (Germany). The random forest ensemble learning method was used to predict soil texture based on environmental covariates originating from a digital elevation model, land cover data and geologic maps. We studied the usefulness of clustering applications in addressing various aspects of the DSM procedure. To improve areal representativity of the legacy soil data in terms of spatial variability, the environmental covariates were used to cluster the landscape of the study area into spatial units for stratified random sampling. Different sampling strategies were used to create balanced training data and were evaluated on their ability to improve model performance. Clustering applications were also involved in feature selection and stratified cross-validation. Under the best-performing sampling strategy, the resulting models achieved an R2 of 0.29 to 0.50 in topsoils and 0.16–0.32 in deeper soil layers. Overall, clustering applications appear to be a versatile tool to be employed at various steps of the DSM procedure. Beyond their successful application, further application fields in DSM were identified. One of them is to find adequate means to include expert knowledge.
Validation of boreal summer tropical-extratropical causal links in seasonal forecasts
Authors: Di Capua Giorgia , Coumou Dim , van der Hurk Bart , Weissheimer Antje , Turner Andrew G. , Donner Reik V.
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Much of the forecast skill in the mid-latitudes on seasonal timescales originates from deep convection in the tropical belt. For boreal summer, such tropical-extratropical teleconnections are less well understood as compared to winter. Here we validate the representation of boreal tropical – extratropical teleconnections in a general circulation model in comparison with observational data. To characterise variability between tropical convective activity and mid-latitude circulation, we identify the South Asian monsoon (SAM) – circumglobal teleconnection (CGT) pattern and the western North Pacific summer monsoon (WNPSM) – North Pacific high (NPH) pairs as the leading modes of tropical-extratropical coupled variability in both reanalysis (ERA5) and seasonal forecast (SEAS5) data. We calculate causal maps, an application of the PCMCI causal discovery algorithm which identifies causal links in a 2D field, to show the causal effect of each of these patterns on circulation and convection in the Northern Hemisphere. The spatial patterns and signs of the causal links in SEAS5 closely resemble those seen in ERA5, independent of the initialization date of SEAS5. However, the strength of causal links in SEAS5 is often too weak (about two thirds of those in ERA5). By performing a subsampling (over time) experiment, we identify those regions for which SEAS5 data well reproduce ERA5 values, e.g. South-eastern US, and highlight those where the bias is more prominent, e.g. North Africa. We demonstrate that different El Niño – Southern Oscillation phases have only a marginal effect on the strength of these links. Finally, we discuss the potential role of model mean-state biases in explaining differences between SEAS5 and ERA5 causal links.
PERIODONTAL TREATMENT OF GINGIVAL OVERGROWTH DUE TO AMLODIPINE USE: CASE SERIES
Authors: ŞAYAN Pınar
Published: August 2022

Aim: A common side effect of calcium channel blockers, which are frequently used in the treatment of patients with hypertension and cardiovascular problems, is that they can cause overgrowth in gingiva. Gingival overgrowths should be treated because they create inaccessible areas, making oral hygiene practices difficult due to increased plaque retention. In this case series, clinical properties of gingival overgrowths deriving from the usage of amlodipine, which is a type of calcium channel blockers and its treatment protocols are explained.

Methods: Three male patients aged 15, 60 and 45 applied to our clinic with the complaints of gingival overgrowth and bleeding. In the anamnesis, it was learned that they were using antihypertensive medication containing amlodipine. In the first session, scaling and root planning applications were performed. Then, the patients who were given detailed oral hygiene instructions, consulted with the relevant physicians. It was deemed appropriate to replace the drug the patients were using with another antihypertensive drug, which is an alternative that does not lead to gingival overgrowth. After the controls performed at certain time intervals and oral hygiene evaluations, it was observed that a perfect recovery was achieved. In addition to these, gingivoplasty was performed using classic surgical method under local anesthesia on one case.

Results: All three patients showed uneventful healing without any complications. During periodic controls, it was observed that patients’ complaints disappeared, the gingiva regained their natural physiological form, aesthetically pleasing results were achieved, no recurrences were observed in the 6th month and periodontal health could be maintained.

Conclusion: The treatment protocol for gingival overgrowth due to drug use includes the replacement or discontinuation of the current drug with an alternative drug with the physician's consultation, after the initial periodontal treatment and oral hygiene practices, periodontal surgical procedures and regular controls in severe cases.
Brexit Sürecinin Birleşik Krallık’ın Ekonomik Büyümesi Üzerindeki Etkileri
Authors: Dayıoğlu Hüseyin
Published: August 2022

Always critical activities within the European Union, the United Kingdom and the European Union as a country that takes the place of suspicion and distrust between the two parties the relationship between the countries that carried a strong association has not been established. The Brexit process, which consists of the merger of the words Britain and Exit and resulted in the departure of the United Kingdom from the union, has been shaped in this context. Finally, in the referendum held on June 23, 2016 with the participation of 72.2 percent of the population, 51.9 percent of citizens voted for the separation of the kingdom from the union. On 29 March 2017, the United Kingdom officially informed the Council of Europe that it intended to leave the union. After the European Parliament approved the decision, the kingdom officially left the union on January 31, 2020. Key Words: United Kingdom, Brexit Process, Economic Growth
O Conglomerado de Aparelhos Privados de Hegemonia Empresariais Lemann e sócios na “seleção pública” de pessoas para a gestão educacional do Estado do Paraná
Authors: Farias Adriana Medeiros
Published: August 2022

A subsunção da educação ao projeto capitalista é compreendida por meio da análise das ações de hegemonia do Conglomerado de Aparelhos Privados de Hegemonia Empresariais (APHEs) Lemann e sócios na gestão pública. Assim, destacam-se, nesta pesquisa, três experiências paranaenses realizadas no período de 2016 a 2019, denominadas de “seleção pública” para os cargos comissionados de secretário de educação, do município de Londrina, de secretário regional de educação do Consórcio de Desenvolvimento e Inovação do Norte do Paraná (Codinorp) e de chefes para os 32 Núcleos Regionais de Educação, da Secretaria de Estado da Educação e do Esporte (SEED). Todas elas foram conduzidas pelo Conglomerado Lemann e instituições parceiras sob bases gerencialistas empresariais, calcadas no mérito individual, na isenção política da escolha, na sobrevalorização do acúmulo técnico experiencial, com vistas à generalização de um certo tipo empresarial de qualidade e de gestão da educação pública. A análise expõe as formas de intervenção direta dos APHEs na gestão pública por meio de uma trama de influências constituída pela frente parlamentar mista de educação, pelos aparelhos administrativos do Estado, pelas empresas, e, por fim, pelo processo de ampliação seletiva do Estado com fins de garantir a expansão de oportunidades de negócios.
La práctica del Yoga en el COVID-19: cambios y transformaciones
Authors: Miranda_Hernández Laura María Elena , Jiménez Terrazas Carmen Patricia
Published: August 2022

El objetivo es reflexionar acerca de los cambios y transformaciones que la pandemia provocó en las prácticas de yoga, la relevancia que adquirieron para el sector médico, instituciones de educación superior y población en general durante el confinamiento. Se encontraron repercusiones en la apreciación social hacia las actividades de las empresas de yoga, que se reconocieron como herramienta para la recuperación, sintomatología, atenuación del estrés y la demanda del estilo de vida saludable. Las pérdidas económicas por la pandemia, obligaron a estas empresas a adecuarse en instalaciones y ambientes virtuales que repercutió en “yoga” como tendencia en YouTube y Google.
Forecasting Crops Yield Capacity in Changing Agroclimatic Conditions of Ararat Valley and Piedmont Zones
Authors: Danielyan R.A.
Published: August 2022

The current research work considers the results of investigations conducted for projecting and planning crops yield capacity based on statistical indicators of the yield amounts and changes in agroclimatic conditions throughout 2006-2020 years.
To forecast the crop’s yield capacity, the data on the results of crops yield amount, agroclimatic characteristics of their allocation and atmospheric precipitations for the previous years have been processed. Finally, an algorithm has been developed, which has been applied for potato crops and, as a result, changing tendencies in the potato yield capacity, when deviated from the best soil and climatic conditions, has been demonstrated.
XRD-based crystallinity degrees and formation temperature of graphite in some regional-metamorphic rocks from the Central and Eastern Rhodopes, Bulgaria: a test of the new graphitization degree GD(0–30) scale
Authors: Vlahov Alexander
Published: August 2022

Graphitization degrees and temperatures of the regional metamorphism in the Central and Eastern Rhododpes have been determined by the values of the structural parameter d002 (Å) of graphite in graphite-bearing marbles and shists, from Vacha and Madan-Erma Reka areas (Madan lithotectonic unit), Ardino–Nedelino area (Startsevo lithotectonic unit), and Chernichevo–Boturche area (Byala Reka lithotectonic unit). Equations of different authors, formulated between 1951 and 2021, were used. They are integrated in one system, allowing a conversion of the results and deriving new quantitative correlations between the temperature of metamorphism, the structural parameter d002 (Å) and the degree of crystallinity order of semi-graphite and graphite. The comparison of the data allows the creation of a new scheme, GD(0–30), based on the values of the parameter d002 (Å) of the natural carbon matter. The validity range of this geothermometer is large, from 84 °C to 804 °C (from zeolite to granulite facies of the regional metamorphism). The temperature peak of metamorphism in the studied areas is 660 °C (i.e., the upper limit of the amphibolite facies), and the lowest temperature is 468 °C, which is characteristic for the lower part of the greenschist facies P-T field. The temperature range and graphitization degrees of the regressive metamorphism in the Central and Eastern Rhodopes are: 660 °C (GD(0–30) = 24, well-crystallized graphite); 588 °C (GD(0–30) = 21, graphite); 564 °C (GD(0–30) = 20, graphite); 516 °C (GD(0–30) = 18, graphite); 492 °C (GD(0–30) = 17, graphite); and 468 °C (GD(0–30) = 16, graphite). The calculated temperatures of metamorphism in the Central and Eastern Rhodopes, by equations of all authors, correspond to the conditions of metamorphism established by other methods without using of the structural parameter d002 (Å) of the graphite. The GD(0–30) system for determination of graphitization degree of the natural carbon is simple, informative and functional. It is more convenient than earlier schemes showing correlation: metamorphic temperature − d002 (Å) − graphitization degree. In addition to the influence of the temperature, the values of the degrees of graphitization also include the effect of all secondary factors on the graphitization processes.
The Current Approach Related to Eating Disorders by Improved Health Psychology in Adolescents
Authors: Dolas Unnati , Zala Archana , Naik Shifa
Published: August 2022

Background: This study is based on the eating disorder in adolescence. The most common physiological illness suffered by adolescents is Bulimia Nervosa, Anorexia nervosa which is linked with psychological, behavioral, and socio-environmental domains and their main effects on purging, binge eating, and being overweight.
Objective: To examine eating disorders in children and adolescents regarding their characteristics, risk factors and cognitive behavioral therapy treatment.
Methods: Articles were searched in the PubMed and Scopus databases. Inclusive criteria: age group, Clinical diagnoses of (AN, BN, or BED), measure weight related behaviors, psychological comorbidities Exclusive criteria: age group above 25 and older, population with no ED. Over 13,796 people with eating disorders were studied on the bases of the review articles with the exposure of psychological, behavioral and socio-environmental.
Conclusions: Among the risk factors for eating disorders, social and family environment and the media were the most important ones. As to family environment, mealtimes appeared to be underlying in shaping eating behavior and the development of disorders. Furthermore, cognitive behavioral therapy consists of, healing in a self-help bibliotherapy, or by means of phone, for the individuals, successfully supported intervention for children with eating problems with help of their family.

Key words: children, adolescents, eating behavior, bulimia nervosa, anorexia, binge eating, CBT.
An Observational Study on Musculoskeletal Impairments Among Architecture Students
Authors: Paul Anila , Zahid Yasir , Rupalwala Heena
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Architecture students work in challenging static and dynamic awkward posture for a long period of time working on sheets for their designated projects. These constant postural adaptations may have an impact on posture, postural balance and flexibility. Considering the scarcity in literature, this study was designed to explore the musculoskeletal impairments among architecture students.
Methodology: This study was conducted on thirty architecture students and thirty age and gender matched subjects between the age group of 18 to 25 years. All subjects were assessed for posture by photographic method, postural control by unipedal stance test and flexibility by sit and reach test and shoulder neck mobility test.
Results: Results expressed statistically no significant changes in different variables of postural deviations. The mean unipedal stance test in architecture students was 0.58 (±0.49) and in control group was 1.17 (±0.62) with p value ≤0.05, which indicated statistically significant change in balance. The mean value for sit and reach test in architecture students was 5.7 (±7.06) and in control group was 2.0 (±8.33) with p ≥ 0.0, revealing no significant changes in lower extremity flexibility.
Conclusion: This study suggested no statistically significant difference in posture and flexibility. Whereas, static balance was found significantly decreased in architecture students.

Key words: Posture, balance, flexibility, unipedal stance test, sit and reach test
Correlation of Cervical Core Muscle Strength and Neck Pain in Teachers
Authors: Morwal Chandrika , Mukhi Sadhana
Published: August 2022

Background: Neck pain is one of the most significant health problems due to stress of work that is linked with many causes including physical and psychological stress.
There are some of the risk factors believed to alter posture and cause neck pain and may be hazardous to the health of teachers, whose professions involves repetitive movements like writing, in addition to prolonged standing, as well as daily computer use. Some of Psychosocial risk factors that are believed to cause neck pain includes stress of workload, coping ability, social support is included.
Teaching is considered as one of the professions where incidence and prevalence of neck pain is high. So, aim of the study is to find out correlation of cervical core muscle strength and neck pain in teachers.
Methodology: The correlational study was conducted on teachers of colleges and universities of Ahmedabad. Thirty teachers aged between 25 and 40 years with experience of minimum 1year or more than 1 year and those who have neck pain and trapezius pain since for past three months were invited to participate in this study. Teachers with pain score of 3 or more in visual analogue scale and neck disability index score of 5 or more than 5 were included. Neck disability index was used for assessing neck pain. Cervical core muscle strength was assessed by using pressure biofeedback device.
Result: Correlation was done by using Spearman's Rho correlation. The data analysis revealed that r value is -0.648 and p value is < 0.001
Conclusion: This study shows that there is moderate correlation between cervical core muscle strength and neck pain in teachers.

Key words: cervical core muscle strength, neck pain, teachers
Evaluation of Chest Expansion Among Non-Specific Low Back Pain Patients
Authors: Vijay Naik Dr. Vaishali , Nagulkar Dr. Jaywant , Mahajan Dr. Pradnya
Published: August 2022

Aim:To find out prevalence of alteration in chest expansion among non-specific low back pain patients
Background: The diaphragm is an essential muscle for breathing; however, it also has a role in preserving the segmental stability of the lumbar spine by maintaining and increasing the intra-abdominal pressure during postural tasks, diaphragm fatigue in LBP patients may compromise trunk muscle contribution to spinal control, leading to the development or recurrence of LBP or NSLBP, And these may affect chest expansion in NSLBP patients.
Method:In this study 65 patients with non specific low back pain were recruited & screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria from Jalgaon city. The age group of study range from 18-65 yrs. The data was collected by using convenient sampling method. Chest expansion was measured using cloth tape at three levels that is 2nd Intercostal Space, 4th Intercostal Space and xiphoid process.
Result:The study showed 45 % patients with normal chest expansion values and 55 % patients with decreased chest expansion values out of 100%.
Conclusion:The study concluded that there is a significant alteration in chest expansion among non-specific low back pain patients. This shows that non specific low back pain may affect chest expansion.

Key words: Nonspecific low back pain, Chest expansion, Cloth tape
Effectiveness of Myofascial Release Versus Passive Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility in Amateur Football Players - A Comparative Study
Authors: Sakhalkar Dr. Ketaki Nitin , Nagulkar Dr. Jaywant , Mahajan Dr. Pradnya
Published: August 2022

Aim: To compare the effect of Myofascial Release and passive stretching on hamstring flexibility in amateur football players.
Background: Hamstring muscle plays an important role in the performance of daily activities such as controlled movement of trunk, walking, running and jumping and it is an important muscle involved in maintaining balance and posture. The tightness of hamstring muscle is one of the main problem hindering performance in daily and sports activity. Hamstring injury recurrence is lower at highest professional players than the amateur players.
Procedure: This comparative study was conducted on 30 Amateur football players of age group 18-30 fitting in inclusion criteria. They were divided into two group by simple random sampling using odd even method of allocation. Group A received Myofascial Release session for 5-10 minutes for 6 session/ 1 week. And Group B received Passive stretching session holding for 60 secs for 6 sessions/1 week. Active Knee Extension angle was measured pre and post intervention. Data was analyzed using paired t test and unpaired t test using instat software.
Results: The result showed that both Myofascial Release (p<0.0001) & passive stretching (p<0.0001) is effective on improving hamstring flexibility but on intergroup comparison myofascial release was more effective than passive stretching in amateur football players (p<0.0001)
Conclusion: The study concluded that Myofascial Release was more effective over Passive Stretching technique for improving hamstring flexibility among amateur football players

Key words: [Amateur football players, Hamstring tightness, Myofascial Release, Passive Stretching.]
Identify the Significant Hypostatic or Epistatic Effect Between the Various SNPs of LDLR gene through SNP-SNP Interaction and Haplotype Analysis - A Case Control Study
Authors: Kaur Kulwinder , Kumar Jha Chandan
Published: August 2022

The coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of the morbidity and mortality worldwide and has also become a major public health burden in India in recent decades. The LDLR gene mutations have been reported associated with familial CVD and are one of the main risk factors for developing coronary artery disease (CAD).
In the present study using the contingency chi-square test, statistically significant differences were observed between the CAD cases and matched healthy controls in the distribution of the genotypes of four out six SNPs investigated viz., rs688C>T (p=0.0031), rs1529729C>T (p=0.0001), rs5925G>A (p=0.006) and rs72658855C>T (p=0.0349). This suggested that these four SNPs are associated with CAD in the present material studied from Bangalore.
SNP-SNP interaction analysis revealed statistically significant hypostatic effect of rs688-rs2228671 combination, while rs688-rs72658855 combination showed statistically significant epistatic effect and the haplotype analysis demonstrated decreased (protective) risk of statistically significant association of TATCC, CGTCC and TACCT with CAD.
Further studies from different regions of the country are required to validate the present findings relating the association of genomic variants of LDLR gene with the susceptibility to CAD in people of India.

Key words: CAD-coronary artery disease; LDLR-low-density lipoprotein receptor; SNP-SNP interaction; Haplotype analysis; OR-odds ratio; CI-confidence interval .
Non-Modifiable Factors Associated with Medication-Adherence among Stroke Survivors in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: F.A. Johnson , N.O. Atulomah , I. Ayokanm , B.C. Nwachukwu , O.C. Ajayi
Published: August 2022

Stroke is the world's second most common cause of mortality and the third most common cause of morbidity and disability. Recurrent strokes make up a significant number of stroke admissions to the emergency room. This condition is largely preventable by identifying and addressing the risk factors involved. Hence, this study examined the non-modifiable risk factors associated with medication adherence among stroke survivors in Lagos state, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted using a multistage sampling technique, including 386 stroke survivors from 10 stroke rehabilitation facilities in Lagos state. A validated structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Binary logistic regression at a significance level of 5%. The participants' mean age was 52.42 ± 12.143. Results showed that participants aged 51-60years were more likely to adhere to their medication than other age groups. The result also showed no association existed between the age of stroke survivors and medication adherence (OR = 1.119, CI = 0.941-1.332, p = 0.549), ethnicity and medication adherence (OR = 1.176, CI 0.89-1.55, p = 0.211), and the gender (OR = 1.147, CI = 0.748-1.761, p = 0.665). However, there is a significant association between number of stroke and medication adherence (OR = 0.699, CI = 0.499-0.980, p = 0.038). This study's findings highlight important gaps in the factors that influence and are associated with medication adherence. Therefore, other non-modifiable factors asides from the ones assessed in this study should be researched.
EVALUASI PENERAPAN PDCA CYCLE PADA PROGRAM PELATIHAN DASAR DALAM MENGHADAPI RE-AKREDITASI
Authors: Pulungan Zainul M
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTEvery civil servant candidate must pass basic training as requirements to become civil servants. PPSDMA has accreditated B for basic training by 2018 for three years. This accreditation gives opportunity and challenge to do continuous improvement in the training program. As a result, PPSDMA needs to evaluate basic training program by using PDCA approach. This research aims to evaluate the basic training program and give recommendation in readiness towards reaccreditation in 2021. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method by analyzing accreditation documents in 2018, interview, and focus group discussion with stakeholder. The result of this research reveals that PPSDMA has three critical steps such as the readiness of accreditation documents, visitation, and follow up recommendations from visitation. The assessment of accreditation uses PDCA approach consisting of planning, organizing, evaluating, the result of training organization, budget, and infrastructure. According to the self-assessment result, PPSDMA only gets weighted 81,02 or category B which complies with two elements: the result of training organization and budget. However, if PPSDMA does intervention by completing the required documents in other elements, PPSDMA could get weighted 94,84 or category A for basic training. ABSTRAKSetiap calon pegawai negeri sipil wajib mengikuti pelatihan dasar sebagai syarat untuk diangkat menjadi pegawai negeri sipil. PPSDMA telah mendapatkan akreditasi kategori B pada pelatihan dasar tahun 2018 dengan masa berlaku 3 tahun. Kategori ini memberikan kesempatan dan tantangan untuk terus melakukan perbaikan mutu penyelengaraan pelatihan. Oleh karena itu, PPSDMA perlu mengevaluasi penyelenggaraan pelatihan dasar dengan pendekatan PDCA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi penyelenggaraan pelatihan dasar dan memberikan rekomendasi dalam kesiapan menghadapi re-akreditasi tahun 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan melakukan penelahaan dokumen akreditasi tahun 2018, wawancara dan focus group discussion dengan pihak terkait. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa PPSDMA memiliki tiga tahapan kritis dalam proses akreditasi yaitu penyiapan dokumen akreditasi, visitasi, dan perbaikan data akreditasi. Penilaian akreditasi program pelatihan menggunakan pendekatan PDCA yang terdiri dari 6 unsur penilaian, yaitu: unsur perencanaan, unsur penyelenggaraan, unsur evaluasi, unsur hasil penyelenggaraan pelatihan, unsur pembiayaan, unsur sarana pendukung program pelatihan. Berdasarkan hasil self-assessment, PPSDMA hanya memperoleh bobot penilaian 81,02 atau akreditasi kategori B dengan memenuhi dua unsur penilaian saja yaitu unsur hasil penyelenggaraan pelatihan dan pembiayaan. Namun, jika dilakukan intervensi dengan melengkapi persyaratan dokumen yang dibutuhkan pada unsur-unsur lainnya maka PPSDMA dapat memperoleh bobot penilaian 94,84 atau akreditasi kategori A pada program pelatihan dasar.
Doenças Desmielinizantes do Sistema Nervoso Central: estado da arte baseado em uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Lima da Silva Maria da Glória , Do Nascimento Thais Lima , Da Silva Edilene Maria , Albino Alexsander da Silva , De Oliveira Rafaela Lima , Ramos Luciano Godinho Almuinha
Published: August 2022

Descrever a relevância do conhecimento acerca das doenças desmielinizantes do sistema nervoso central, abordando suas causas, manifestações clínicas, fatores de risco e seus principais processos cicatriciais na atualidade para que ocorra o diagnóstico precoce. Foi realizado um estudo do tipo de revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando-se como questão norteadora o saber sobre qual a importância do reconhecimento das doenças desmielinizantes e quais os seus principais processos patológicos e curativos?. Dessa forma, foram utilizados artigos que dissertassem sobre a temática nas bases de dados PUBMED, SCIELO, BVS E LILACS em português, inglês e espanhol, utilizando como critério de inclusão artigos publicados entre os anos de 2016 a 2021. Foi efetivada a elaboração de três categorias: mecanismos de ação das doenças desmielinizantes: a importância deste conhecimento para uma melhor abordagem ao paciente; a remielinização e seus benefícios na assistência da saúde e a importância do diagnóstico como forma de identificação precoce das doenças desmielinizantes do sistema nervoso central. Conclui-se que com o avanço das técnicas de diagnóstico em conjunto com as escalas implementadas para a avaliação da progressão da doença, os sintomas clínicos e neurológicos da doença podem ser retardados a fim de desacelerar o comprometimento da bainha de mielina.
Cultural Destination: Gleb Ceaicovschi-Mereșanu at the 100th Anniversary
Authors:   Academia de Muzică, Teatru şi Arte Plastice, Republica Moldova, Comendant Tatiana
Published: August 2022

This article is dedicated to the prominent Man of Culture Gleb Ceaicovschi-Mereșanu. The study focuses on the complex essence of man and his destiny that is found and developed in the value system of culture. Culture is viewed through the multiplicity of relationships and connections. As a complex social emergence, culture is an attribute of human existence. The humanistic meaning of culture is directly correlated with human existence and creative activity. The author highlights the substantial contribution that G. Ceaicovschi-Mereșanu brought in the formation and consolidation of folk traditions, in national ethnomusicology and in music pedagogy. His professionalism and personal culture had important repercussions in the re-evaluation and development of the system of values considered relevant for the educational process of training and modeling future artists. The complexity of the personality and the deep, visionary dimension of the spirit are the defining features that placed Gleb Ceaicovschi-Mereșanu among the most important personalities, famous people, makers of national culture. In essence, the article tends to highlight the prolific multilateral activity of the master, stressing its influence and defining role in the development and promotion of national culture in the Republic of Moldova.
Trends in re-evaluation of traditional motifs in the professional decorative arts in the Republic of Moldova in 1991–2000.
Authors:   Institutul Patrimoniului Cultural, Republica Moldova, Spînu Constantin
Published: August 2022

The conceptual and artistic rearrangements that have occurred over the last decade of the twentieth century in the decorative arts of the Republic of Moldova, raised the field to a new level. Being aimed at solving some current morphological, syntactic and technological problems, the available plastic options resulted in the creation of aesthetically expressive works in which tradition and innovation resulted in a relevant to that time message. The article examines ways of orchestration of the image in the tapestry, ceramics and artistic glass in which, aesthetic values specific to popular creation were artistically revitalized by including in the compositional structure of the work some motives and topics frequently encountered in folk arts and folk creation. Special attention is given to the way of plastic remodeling and the syntactic aspects of stylistic integration of traditional motifs in the structural-formal and chromatic canvas of the image and their influence on the semantic level of the work.
Reliability of radiological measurements and treatment recommendations of displaced paediatric humeral medial epicondyle fractures
Authors: Arneitz Christoph , Castellani Christoph , Tschauner Sebastian , Schalamon Johannes , Singer Georg , Till Holger
Published: August 2022

There are conflicting recommendations regarding the amount of displacement necessitating stabilization of paediatric humeral medial epicondyle fractures. Our aim was to assess the reliability of the measurements of the displacement and the treatment recommendations of these fractures. The maximum displacement of 57 children with displaced humeral medial epicondyle fractures was analyzed on radiographs by six raters (4 paediatric surgeons, 2 paediatric radiologists) at two time points. In addition, the four surgeons recorded their treatment recommendation. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability were calculated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Kappa values. The ICC for the intraobserver reliability ranged between 0.67 and 0.93. The raters disagreed with their own measurements between 8.8% and 28.1%. The ICC for the interobserver reliability of all six raters was 0.90 for measurement 1 and 0.93 for measurement 2. All six raters disagreed (difference > 2mm) in 93% of the cases in measurement 1 and in 91.2% in measurement 2. Treatment recommendations of the four paediatric surgeons between the two time points differed in 5.3% to 28.1% of the cases. Furthermore, the treatment recommendations were concordant in 24 cases (42%) at time point 1 and 32 cases (56.1%) at time point 2. In displaced paediatric medial epicondyle fractures, disagreement regarding measurement of displacement and recommendation for treatment is high. Validated and standardized measurement tools and a clear threshold for operative fixation of displaced medial epicondyle fractures are needed.
Is the level of vitamin D deficiency correlated with the severity and bilaterality in slipped capital femoral epiphysis? A case series study
Authors: Elbeshry Shady , Abdelaziz Tarek Hassan , Aly Ahmad Saeed , Mahmoud Shady
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to find the correlation between vitamin D level and the severity of slippage and bilateral development in slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) cases if any. Thirty-nine patients with moderate-severe stable SCFE were evaluated regarding their vitamin D level and to which extent the severity of vitamin D deficiency, if present, can be correlated with the severity and bilaterality of the slip. Vitamin D serum level was assessed pre- operatively for all patients. In case of deficiency, the patient underwent in situ pinning unless performed before his/her presentation. Alongside, he/she received a vitamin D course until correction prior to the definitive surgery (Imhäuser osteotomy with osteochondroplasty) 6-12 weeks after. Thereafter, osteotomy healing and physis closure were monitored radiologically. Results show that all patients but one had vitamin D deficiency, with an average of 14.39 ng/mL, necessitating vitamin D therapy before proceeding to the definitive surgery. No correlation existed between vitamin D level and Southwick angle severity with a p-value of 0.85. A negative correlation existed between vitamin D level and bilaterality, but not statistically significant (p-value 0.192). Patients’ osteotomy healing was uneventful, and physeal closure was achieved in all the cases that had in situ pinning. We conclude that the severity of Vitamin D deficiency could be linked to the bilateral development of SCFE but not the severity of slippage. Treatment of Vitamin D deficiency facilitates physeal closure.
Hip fracture specialists facilitate low-dose spinal anaesthesia in fractured neck of femur surgery
Authors: Brooks David E. , Ritchie-McLean Susanna N. , Chevannes Wystan , Parker Martyn J. , Griffiths Richard
Published: August 2022

Fractured neck of femur is a common but potentially devastating complication of frailty. In other surgical specialities, there is an inverse relationship between surgical experience and duration of surgery; however, this has not been quantified in hip trauma. In perioperative hip fracture care, prolonged surgery may be associated with increased morbidity and significantly impacts on the conduct of anaesthesia. Specifically, low-dose spinal anaesthesia, which is associated with improved haemodynamic stability, cannot be used if surgery is likely to be prolonged. We studied the duration of hip fracture surgery undertaken in our institution and compared this to surgical expertise. We retrospectively explored our theatre database to identify patients who underwent hip fracture surgery in our hospital over a 62-month period, recording duration of surgery and primary operating surgeon. Surgeons were classified into one of 3 groups: Consultant hip surgeon (specialist interest in hip surgery), Consultant orthopaedic surgeon but non-hip specialist, or Non-consultant (trainee or non-training grade). We identified 1426 hip fracture procedures. Consultant hip surgeons performed all types of hip fracture surgery faster, and with reduced variation in surgical duration, than did either non-hip specialist consultants or non-consultant grades. Consultant hip surgeons consistently performed hip fracture surgery in under 60 minutes. Specialist consultant hip surgeons make low-dose spinal anaesthesia (with shorter block duration but increased haemodynamic stability) feasible. Our data supports the development of dedicated hip fracture trauma lists where patients should be operated on by specialist hip surgeons or trainees directly under their supervision.
Are running stitches needed in DT4 Single Anteromedial Bundle Biological Augmentation transplant preparation?
Authors: Huard Maxime , Hustin Louis , Detrembleur Christine , Letartre Romain
Published: August 2022

Partial running whipstitches are commonly used in DT4 SAMBBA (Single Anteromedial Bundle Biological Augmentation) transplant preparation. We wanted to determine whether or not running whipstitches all over the graft affected the risk of iterative rupture and the overall outcome of the procedure. Two groups of 32 patients comparable in terms of sex, age, sport level and type of sport practiced were recruited in this prospective cohort study. DT4 SAMBBA was performed for all patients by a single surgeon. One cohort was treated with a full length running whipstitches during SAMBBA DT4 transplant preparation (F), the other had a classical SAMBBA DT4 graft preparation (NO F). The ACL RSI, subjective IKDC and KOOS scores were established preoperatively and with a 4 years follow-up. Complication rates (iterative rupture, cyclops syndrome) as well as pre and postoperative score variations were calculated.

No statistically significant difference in terms of frequency of iterative rupture or complications could be demonstrated (NO F 9.3% vs F 3.1%, p = 0.61). There was no difference either on score variations compared pre and post operatively. Full running whipstitches of the DT4 SAMBBA transplant does not seem to influence the ligamentoplasty outcomes with a 4 years follow-up.
Total knee arthroplasty for acute tibial plateau fractures: a survey amongst 68 Dutch orthopaedic surgeons
Authors: Hesmerg Mees K. , Gurnani Navin , Keijser Lucien C.M.
Published: August 2022

In older patients with highly comminuted intra- articular tibial plateau fractures (TPFs), primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may be a treatment option. Our aim was to report and rank decisional factors considered by Dutch orthopaedic trauma and knee surgeons that may lead to the decision for TKA as treatment for TPFs.

A survey was distributed among 141 experts on traumatology and arthroplasty of the knee. The survey assessed the likelihood of TKA surgery after TPF in various patient and radiological characteristics. The level of experience with this of each responder was also noted. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all items.

141 participants were approached and 68 responded (48.2%). Responders were not more likely to proceed with TKA based on fracture types, impaired mobility, multiple incisions for ORIF, body mass index and ASA classification. However, in patients with pre-existing osteoarthritis (OA) and age ≥ 80 a majority would be more likely to proceed with TKA, with respectively 69.1% and 50.0%.

The most strongly considered factors were the presence of pre-existing OA, the age of the patient and the type of fracture, with respectively 55.9%, 51.4% and 42.6% of responders ranking it in their top three most important factors.

The study showed that the presence of pre-existing symptomatic OA and age of the patient were valued highest and increased the probability of a TKA in acute TPFs.