bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paradigme théâtral et pensée philosophique: Shakespeare aux origines de la modernité anglaise
Authors: Garello Hélène
Published: January 2017

Cet article cherche à montrer comment on peut voir dans le théâtre de Shakespeare un des lieux de formation de la conception moderne de la vérité, faisant suite à la crise sceptique du second humanisme. Si Shakespeare semble critiquer la philosophie de son temps en raison de sa conception de la vérité comme opposée à toute forme d’apparence, ses pièces témoignent d’une pratique de la pensée juste qui la situe à la confluence de différentes déterminations, par le biais d’une expérience de la mise en scène, plutôt que dans l’opposition à ce qui paraît ne pas être rationnel. Le théâtre shakespearien permet ainsi d’envisager les conditions de la pensée véridique dans la rencontre entre l’élaboration philosophique et la pratique théâtrale.
“Still, however, it is certain that young ladies should be more apt to hear than to speak“: Silence in Eighteenth Century Conduct Books for Young Women
Authors: Dahmer Cornelia
Published: January 2017

Les manuels de bonne conduite publiés au xviiie siècle en Angleterre et destinés aux femmes de la “middling sort” traitent de la bienséance du silence féminin, envisagé dans le cadre de la conversation policée, dans des lieux, situations et contextes d’interlocution spécifiques. Ils traitent du silence comme moyen de communication non verbal, contribuant à la transmission de messages variés, à la promotion de certaines vertus, et à la dissimulation de secrets et de défauts. Ces manières d’envisager le silence soulignent une tendance générale vers une plus grande acceptation de la parole féminine tout au long du siècle. Le besoin naissant de prendre en considération les nouveaux idéaux féminins en lien avec la question du silence a pu concourir à la popularité croissante du genre.
Effect of Microstructure on Chip Formation during Machining of Super Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Alabdullah Mohanad , Polishetty Ashwin , Nomani Junior , Littlefair Guy
Published: January 2017

The AL6XN Super Austenitic Stainless Steel alloy is a commonly used steel in corrosive environments and tough applications. This paper aims to investigate the execution of a machining process on the AL6XN alloy. A wet machining process has been executed to machine the alloy under a combination of various cutting conditions using an up milling approach. Two cutting speeds, two cutting depths and two feeds were used. The outputs obtained and listed in this paper are the microstructure analysis, surface microhardness and the chip morphology. The microstructure of the AL6XN alloy was revealed using Electron Microscope and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD). Work hardening layer was located in the subsurface of the machined alloy. EBSD data assured that no phase transformation was occurred within the deformed microstructure due to machining. The chip cross-section was revealed to identify the presence of the shear bands and to calculate the alloy serration degree.
 Condições clínicas de idosos vítimas de trauma musculoesquelético/ Clinical conditions of elderly who are victims of muscle-skeletal trauma
Authors: Queiroz Samia Mara Barros , Coutinho Daisy Terezinha Reis , Almeida Paulo César de , Guedes Maria Vilani Cavalcante , Freitas Maria Célia de
Published: January 2017

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as condições clínicas do idoso com traumas musculoesqueléticos. Estudo transversal, descritivo e observacional realizado com 133 idosos hospitalizados com traumas de membros inferiores. Os dados foram coletados entre janeiro e agosto de 2014. Aplicou-se formulário fundamentado na teoria de Henderson. As condições clínicas dos idosos foram avaliadas a partir das variáveis: quedas da própria altura, uso de medicação, acuidade visual e auditiva, comprometimento musculoesquelético, tabagismo, uso de álcool e doenças de base.  Analisou-se a associação entre a queda da própria altura e as características demográficas/clínicas pelos testes de 2 e razão de verossimilhança, calculou-se as RCs e seus IC95%. Predominou o sexo feminino (52,6%), média de idade 78,7±9,9 anos. Adoecimentos como hipertensão e diabetes favorecem a ocorrência de quedas. Verificou-se comprometimento da faixa etária de 79 a 98 anos com fraturas de colo de fêmur (RC= 1,07; IC95% 0,42-270) e trocânter (RC=1,52; IC95% 0,59-3,92). Dentre as necessidades fundamentais avaliadas, destacou-se: dependência total para alimentar-se, uso de fraldas, queda da própria altura, diminuição visual e fraturas de fêmur. Os resultados apontam para o despertar do enfermeiro no atendimento dessa parcela populacional de modo a planejar cuidados preventivos de complicações e reestabelecer sua capacidade funcional.
 Avaliação de intervenções psicomotoras em idosos com déficit cognitivo leve/ Evaluation of psychomotor interventions in elderly with mild cognitive deficit
Authors: Ferreira Josélia Braz dos Santos , Sá Selma Petra Chaves , Pereira Juliana Peres da Costa , Santana Rosimere Ferreira , Domingos Ana Maria
Published: January 2017

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o efeito de atividades psicomotoras sobre equilíbrio em idosos com Déficit Cognitivo Leve. Trata-se de pesquisa quase experimental realizada em duas instituições públicas de saúde, com 43 idosos, residentes em Niterói e Rio de Janeiro/RJ, nos meses de abril a julho/2014. Realizaram-se dez sessões de atividades psicomotoras e avaliações com as escalas antes e após atividades realizadas. Osinstrumentos utilizados foram: Escala de Tinetti e Escala Motora para Terceira Idade (EMTI). Oprojeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética (Protocolo nº 531.807/2014). Através do Teste Kruskal-Wallis, nível de confiança 95%, significância 0,05, existe diferença significativa entre as avaliações realizadas. Na primeira avaliação,Tinetti apresentou 22 idosos (51,16%), média 17,22 pontos, com alto risco para quedas; 11 idosos (25,58%) com risco moderado. O equilíbrio – EMTI apresentou média 79,81 pontos, equivalente a classificação inferior. E nasegunda avaliação,Tinetti apresentou apenas cinco idosos (11,62%) com alto risco para quedas e 28 idosos (65,11%) com risco moderado para quedas e média 20,67 pontos. Dez idosos não apresentaram risco para quedas. O equilíbrio – EMTI obteve média 92,37 pontos mudando para classificação normal médio. Diante dos resultados,evidenciou-seque as atividades psicomotoras favorecem o equilíbrio dos idosos com Déficit Cognitivo Leve.
 Percepção de professores sobre os princípios de ergonomia física nos cursos de medicina e enfermagem/ Teacher´s perception about the physical ergonomics principles in medicine and nursing courses
Authors: Soares Marcela Maris Madeira Lana , Albino Filho Marcelo Alexandre , Takeda Elisabete , Pinheiro Osni Lázaro
Published: January 2017

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o conhecimento dos professores que atuam no cenário de prática profissional da segunda série dos cursos de medicina e enfermagem sobre os princípios da ergonomia física. O trabalho foi realizado em uma instituição de ensino localizada no interior do estado de São Paulo, no ano de 2014. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, transversal com abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista semiestruturada e analisados de acordo com a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo na Modalidade Temática. A análise dos depoimentos permitiu a identificação de três temáticas: “Ergonomia: entre a construção de um conceito e a utilização na prática”; “Distúrbios osteomusculares em trabalhadores da saúde: prevenir ou remediar?”; “Vislumbrando os princípios da ergonomia nos cursos de graduação da área da saúde”. Conclui-se que o conhecimento dos professores sobre o tema ergonomia é limitado, geralmente associado à postura e posições. Os entrevistados estabeleceram uma relação entre as atividades desenvolvidas por médicos e enfermeiros com a sobrecarga osteomuscular e reforçam a necessidade de medidas preventivas. Reconheceram que o ambiente acadêmico é um campo para a incorporação do tema ergonomia à prática profissional e que o professor possui um importante papel neste processo.
 A percepção do idoso com diabetes acerca de sua doença e o cuidado de enfermagem/ The perception of the elderly with diabetes on their disease and the nursing care
Authors: Lima Adilson Fernandes , Moreira Andréa Carvalho Araújo , Silva Maria Josefina , Monteiro Paula Andréia Araújo , Teixeira Priscila Gonçalves
Published: January 2017

A Diabetes tornou-se um importante problema de Saúde Pública, frente ao envelhecimento populacional. O enfermeiro deve dispor de um atendimento holístico no cuidado aos idosos diabéticos, visando a sua qualidade de vida. Objetivou-se conhecer a percepção dos idosos com diabetes sobre essa doença e o cuidado de enfermagem na atenção básica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, realizada no município de Sobral-CE, em outubro de 2013. Participaram 13 idosos, que foram entrevistados por meio de visitas domiciliares. Após a realização da técnica de análise temática, emergiram como categorias: Percepções dos idosos acerca do diabetes; Autocuidado do idoso com diabetes; O olhar dos idosos com diabetes sobre o cuidado de enfermagem na atenção básica. Percebeu-se que os idosos não tinham um conhecimento adequado sobre a doença, mas adotam práticas de autocuidado por reconhecer as complicações da doença na sua qualidade de vida. Sobre os cuidados de enfermagem, observou-se nos discursos diferentes opiniões com relação ao estabelecimento de vínculos entre enfermeiros-idosos. Portanto, aponta-se a necessidade de investir em ações de educação em saúde, além de superar as fragilidades da assistência de enfermagem, já que o estabelecimento de vínculos entre profissionais e usuários é um fator determinante no processo de cuidar.
Aspectos que podem influenciar a qualidade de vida da mulher mastectomizada/ Aspects that may influence on the quality of life of a mastectomized woman
Authors: Almeida Natalia Gondim de , Cruz Amanda Miranda , Rodrigues Dafne Paiva , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães , Figueiredo Juliana Vieira , Fialho Ana Virginia de Melo
Published: January 2017

A retirada da mama pode influenciar nas dimensões da qualidade de vida da mulher com câncer de mama. Objetivou-se desvelar fatores que influenciam a qualidade de vida de mulheres mastectomizadas. Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 21 mulheres submetidas à cirurgia de mastectomia, no período de junho a setembro de 2013, em um ambulatório de mastologia em Fortaleza/CE, Brasil, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Da análise de conteúdo emergiram duas categorias: Influência positiva e Influência negativa na qualidade de vida. Fatores que influenciam positivamente surgiram: apoio familiar, social e profissional, condição financeira e assistência médica; negativamente: assistência médica, condição financeira, hábitos de vida não saudáveis, doença e medo de morrer. Conclui-se que conhecer fatores que influenciam na qualidade de vida da mulher mastectomizada favorece uma melhora na prática do cuidado por fortalecer ações específicas, colaborando com a qualidade de vida dessas mulheres.
Gerenciamento em saúde: o olhar de trabalhadores da saúde da família rural/ Management in health: the workers look of a rural family health
Authors: Borges Flávio Adriano , Ogata Márcia Niituma , Feliciano Adriana Barbieri , Fortuna Cinira Magali
Published: January 2017

O gerenciamento do trabalho em saúde na Estratégia Saúde da Família democrático e participativo consiste em um dos grandes desafios desse nível de atenção à saúde. Nesse sentido, desenvolveu-se este estudo qualitativo com o objetivo de analisar as concepções de profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família sobre gerenciamento do trabalho em saúde. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 10 profissionais de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família rural em cidade de médio porte do interior de São Paulo. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo temático-categorial. Obtiveram-se três categorias de análise: Organização do trabalho em saúde para o alcance de metas; O gerenciamento marcado pela racionalidade e com foco no enfermeiro; Facilidades e dificuldades que permeiam a construção de espaços coletivos na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Considera-se que existe a necessidade de se atentar para o gerenciamento do trabalho na Estratégia Saúde da Família, com a necessidade de que os sujeitos se corresponsabilizem pelas pactuações e decisões tomadas em equipe, garantindo a fala e a escuta de todos. Além disso, é relevante que haja avaliação processual das ações implementadas e dos pactos realizados pelos profissionais de saúde.
Structural and Electronic Properties of Thulium Compounds
Authors: Panwar Yeshvir Singh , Aynyas Mahendra , Pataiya Jagdeesh , Sanyal Sankar P.
Published: January 2017

The tight binding linear muffin-tin-orbital (TB-LMTO) method within the local density approximation (LDA) is used to study the electronic structure and high pressure behaviour of thulium compounds TmX (X= P, As, S, and Se). We also predict a structural phase transition from NaCl to CsCl-type structure. The transition pressures were found to be 40.0, 31.0, 58.0 and 49.0 GPa, for TmP, TmAs, TmS and TmSe respectively. Apart from this, the lattice parameter (a0), bulk modulus (B0), band structure and density of states are calculated. From energy band diagram, it is observed that these compounds exhibit weak metallic character. The calculated values of lattice parameters and bulk modulus are of reasonable agreement with available data.
Electrical-Transport, Magnetoresistance and Magnetic Properties of La1-xCaxMnO3 (x = 0.12 and 0.3) Single Crystals
Authors: Tank Tejas M. , Bodhaye Ashish , Mukovskii Yakov M. , Sanyal Sankar P.
Published: January 2017

We report the electrical-transport and magnetic properties of the hole doped La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (LCMO-1) and La0.88Ca0.12MnO3 (LCMO-2) single crystals, prepared using floating zone technique. The metal to insulator transition (TMI) occurs at 211 K along c-axis and TMI = 185 K along ab-plane for LCMO-1 single crystal. No electronic transition was observed over the whole temperature range under the magnetic field up to 8 T for LCMO-2 single crystal. It is observed that the TMI is higher along c-axis as compared to that in the ab-plane, consequently signifying more favorable hoping of electrons is along c-axis in LCMO-1. The ac-susceptibility measurement shows that ferromagnetic to paramagnetic transition temperature (TC) at 206 K for LCMO-1 and TC = 118 K for LCMO-2 single crystals which is seemingly related to notable change of resistance at 120 K in LCMO-2 single crystal. The maximum MR of 98% for LCMO-1 and 59% for LCMO-2 single crystals up to 8 T applied magnetic field along c-axis and ab-plane, respectively are observed.
High-Pressure Structural Phase Transition in MgxCd1-xO Compounds
Authors: Verma Saligram , Jain Arvind , Choudhary Kamal Kumar , Kaurav Netram
Published: January 2017

The high-pressure technique is useful to understand physical properties because the technique can directly control bond length and phase transition. As a general trend, the pressure-induced phase transition causes an increase of coordination number with a drastic change of their physical properties. Here, we attempt to explore the pressure-induced phase transitions from the sixfold-coordinated NaCl structure (B1) to the eightfold-coordinated CsCl structure (B2) in MgxCd1−xO by applying an effective interionic interaction potential, which includes the long range Coulomb, van der Waals (vdW) interaction and the short-range repulsive interaction upto second-neighbor ions within the Hafemeister and Flygare approach. Assuming that both the ions are polarizable, the Slater-Kirkwood variational method is employed to estimate the vdW coefficients for parent compounds. The estimated values of the phase transition pressure (Pt) increase with Mg concentration. The vast volume discontinuity in pressure volume phase diagram identifies the structural phase transition from B1 to B2 structure. The results obtain from the present calculations requires the complete understanding of many physical interactions that are essential to ternary oxides, containing elements with size and chemical mismatch, will lead to a consistent explanation of the documented structural properties.
Good City Governance in India
Authors: Siwach Raj Kumar , Nillam N.
Published: January 2017

Good governance is identified as imperative for enhancing the performance of Municipal councils in India. This is against the backdrop of mounting service delivery challenges confronting these Municipalities especially in the Haryana province. Using a case-study design, the study assesses performance in the context of basic elements of participative governance, transparency and accountability. The article contributes to growing literature on public sector issues in the discipline.
Government and NGOs Performance with Respect to Women Empowerment in Nigeria
Authors: Dibie Robert , Okere Justina Sam
Published: January 2017

his study investigates the performance of the Government of Nigeria and NGOs in the empowerment of women in the country. It examines the following research questions: is there a positive relationship between government policies and its inability to enforce domestic abuse crime, sexual harassment, and male hostile domination? Are NGOs women empowerment and women liberation programs more effective than those of the government of Nigeria?  To address these questions, the study uses data on NGOs that provides major capacity building projects (i.e., women education, legal rights and entrepreneurship projects) and government programs for combating discrimination against women in the six geo-political zones of Nigeria. This study uses both qualitative and quantitative research methods to examine the role of government and NGOs in the empowerment of women in Nigeria On one hand, results point toward a negative relationship between government and women empowerment policies. On the other hand, result shows a positive correlation between NGOs and women empowerment in Nigeria. Further cultural, religious, social and economic factors as well as the lack of effective implementation of gender policies continue to militate against the integration of women in the country. Our research included a survey of some 2,250 women that have benefited from NGOs empowerment program. One striking discovery is that Nigerian women have benefited more from NGOs empowerment programs than those provided by the government. Women who benefited from NGOs empowerment programs have progressed from being victims of domestic abuse unemployment to entry-level jobs and subsequently to middle management. About 15 percent of them have move from middle management to senior management. The results of this study have implications for NGOs management in the context of women projects management and governments’ political willingness to collaborate with NGOs in addressing women’s empowerment and capacity-building issues in Nigeria.
Participatory Democracy in Theory and Practice: A Case Study of Local Government in South Africa
Authors: Breakfast Ntsikelelo , Mekoa Itumeleng , Maphazi Nondumiso
Published: January 2017

The idea of democracy is a curious oneand puzzling. There is reason for this;everyone talks about democracy no matter whether their views are on the left, centreor right of the political spectrum. Various politicians, regimes, whether in Africa, Europe or America claim to be democratic;yet what each says and does is usuallydifferent. Democracy as a practice is supposed to bestow rules, laws and decisions that are justifiable on democraticgrounds. Democracy also has evolved through social struggles. This article examines the practice of democracy withinthe context of local government in South Africa, and is an attempt to explore the concept of democracy without escaping other historical aspects of the idea and practice. From a methodological standpoint, this article is based on a literature assessment. Lastly and most importantly, this paper has made a scholarly contribution to the scholarship of Political Science and Public Administration with regard to the nexus between democracy and public participation at local government level in South Africa.
The Role of Courts in the Enforcement of Socio-Economic Rights under the 2013 Constitution of Zimbabwe
Authors: Ndhlovu N.
Published: January 2017

The aim of this paper is to illustrate that courts play an important role in the domestic protection of socio-economic rights. In order to ensure that socio-economic rights are effectively protected and enforced, this paper identifies and discusses the framework for protecting socio-economic rights under the 2013 Constitution. The paper discusses the role of the courts in the domestic framework for protecting socio-economic rights under the 2013 Constitution. Secondly, the study discusses the role of the courts in the protection of socio-economic rights. The paper further identifies some of the major conceptual and practical challenges that are likely to arise in the adjudication of socio-economic rights. In that regard, the study attempts to come up with solutions meant to overcome the conceptual and practical challenges that are faced in the enforcement of socio-economic rights. For example, instead of adopting a purely legal-centric approach in interpreting socio-economic rights, it is suggested that courts should adopt a multidisciplinary approach taking into account founding values, historical background, political background, international human rights law norms and comparative law.
Performance Monitoring and Evaluation in Botswana’s Public Service: Achievements and Challenges
Authors: Mpabanga Dorothy
Published: January 2017

The paper aims to explore the implementation of performance monitoring and evaluation tools used in Botswana’s public service. The paper also identifies achievements and challenges of implementing performance monitoring and evaluation system and suggests ways for improvement. This paper uses secondary data sources. The paper reveals lack of performance monitoring and evaluation skills, poor supervision, poor conditions of service and a poor work ethic as some of the factors contributing to ineffective use of performance monitoring and evaluation tools in the service. Leadership commitment and support, benchmarking reforms, training and education, developed administrative and governance structures as well as well-defined public policy and program formulation and implementation processes are some of the success factors to enhanced performance management and evaluation systems in Botswana. The paper argues for adoption of a developmental-led model in order to enhance existing performance monitoring and evaluation system that would improve implementation of government policies and programs. Botswana has been striving to excel in service delivery through performance monitoring and evaluation oriented reforms.
New Global Financial Order and Promotion of Asian Infrastructural Investment Bank (AIIB): Opportunities and Challenges for Africa
Authors: Fatile Jacob Olufemi , Afegbua I. S. , Ejalonibu G. L.
Published: January 2017

The main objective of this paper is to examine the effect of Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) on infrastructural development in developing countries with specific reference to Africa. The paper argues that availability of infrastructure has become one of the major problems in the process of economic development generally in the Global South. Given the need for hugecapital infrastructure in the region and thepresence of the financing gap in infrastructure financing, China initiated the establishment of the AIIB, therefore, heralding a new chapter in the international finance system. The study uses the “New Model Development Finance” lens to discuss Global Governance of Finance with a historical overview of GlobalFinancial Institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank that have been in existence for close to seven decades. It identifies the majorchallenges which emerging economies have with existing international financial institutions as well as some opportunities and challenges for African countries. It observes that the establishment of AIIB is a major diplomatic victory for China and a foreign policy fiasco for the United States. It argues further that the new bank is a parallel project to the existing international financial institutions and may accidentally lead to a reform of the Bretton Woods system. The paper recommends among others that AIIB should find a way to work hand-in-hand with other existing Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) since cooperation with such development agencies can engender positive image and goodwill for the new bank. It concludes that the establishment and development of AIIB need support from all over the world because AIIB is designed to provide financing methods for infrastructure in developing countries across the globe including African nations.
Treasury Single Account – Transparency and Accountability in Public Finance Management in Nigeria: The Journey So Far
Authors: Igbokwe-Ibeto C. J. , Nkomah Barisua Barry , Osakede Kehinde O. , Kinge Ruth Fanny
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this article is to evaluate and critique the policy of Treasury Single Account (TSA) adopted by the Nigerian government as an essential tool for enhancing transparency and accountability in public sector financial. Theoretically, it is expected that TSA would bring about mutual benefit, halt economic injustice and engender financial discipline, transparency, accountability, a new economic and political order in Nigeria. However, in the public sector management and political economy of Nigeria,  its impact has been a mixed bag of the good, the bad and the ugly. Within the framework of New Public Management approach, the paper explores the gamut of issues surrounding the implementation of TSA and concludes that, for an administration that has social contract with Nigerians in terms of service delivery; it has the obligation to aggregating states’ resources to provide social services, amenities and infrastructural development to the people. Any step taking to ensure accountability and transparency by revenue generating agencies of government should be seen as a step in the right direction. However, while change is desirable, we feel there is need to exercise caution on account of the peculiar nature and character of the Nigerian state and society. Given the catalogue of challenges facing the operations TSA, it recommends among others, that the adoption of TSA in the country’s public sector should progress slowly and wisely. Institutions and institutional rules should be strengthened, be accountable and made autonomous of cabals and individual who might want to manipulate the system for group or personal interests.
Assessing Development Paradigms of Democracy: A Perspective of Minimal Democracy in the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope 1853 – 1994
Authors: Ndaguba E. A.
Published: January 2017

This paper is a first of two separate papers in an attempt to recount the antecedent of minimalist democracy in the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope. The study uses thematic reviews, documentary evidence, scholarly encyclopaedia and articles. Other methods used in gathering data for the study include legislative proceedings, enactments and Acts, as well as various Constitutions and information from websites (www.nelsonmandela.org). The study establishes that there existed tenets of democratic element not in wholeness as with maximalist approach to democracy in the Cape of Good Hope. Nonetheless, based on the context of time and space. It contends that both representative and responsible democracy existed in practice and principle in the Cape of Good Hope between 1854 and 1872 respectively. The central thesis of this paper is that, the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope is arguably the first and only Colony under British Conquest in Africa to operate both representative and responsible government in colonial era. Also, opportunities were evenly shared between whites and non-whites. It concludes with an African Proverb that says, “Until lions tell their tale, the story of the hunt will always glorify the hunter.”
Introduction to South Africa’s Monitoring and Evaluation in Government
Authors: Wotela Kambidima
Published: January 2017

No abstract available
[D]ie keursnit
Authors: Van Schalkwyk Phil
Published: January 2017

No abstract available.
Preliminary psychometric performance of the Neonatal Feeding Assessment Scale
Authors: Viviers Mari , Kritzinger Alta , Vinck Bart , Graham Marien
Published: January 2017

Objective: The objective was to determine the preliminary psychometric performance of a new clinical feeding scale to diagnose oropharyngeal dysphagia (OPD) in neonates.Methods: Twenty neonates with a median gestational age of 35 weeks were evaluated using the Neonatal Feeding Assessment Scale (NFAS) and modified barium swallow studies (MBSS). The results were compared.Results: Nine of the 20 participants presented with OPD on the NFAS. Comparison of the scale’s results with instrumental MBSS indicated that all participants without OPD were correctly excluded (100% sensitivity). The specificity was 78.6%, indicating that three participants were falsely identified with OPD on the scale. Inter-rater reliability was determined on 50% (n = 10) of the sample. Substantial agreement (80%) was obtained between two raters in five of the six sections of the scale and on the diagnostic outcome.Conclusion: The preliminary performance of the scale appears to be promising. A further validation study will take place.
Transcriptome profiling of visceral adipose tissue in a novel obese rat model, WNIN/Ob & its comparison with other animal models
Authors: Sakamuri Siva Sankara Vara Prasad , Putcha Uday Kumar , Veettil Giridharan Nappan , Ayyalasomayajula Vajreswari
Published: January 2017

Background & objectives:

Adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity is linked to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. We studied the differential gene expression in retroperitoneal adipose tissue of a novel obese rat model, WNIN/Ob, to understand the possible underlying transcriptional changes involved in the development of obesity and associatedcomorbidities in this model.

Methods:

Four month old, male WNIN/Ob lean and obese rats were taken, blood was collected and tissues were dissected. Body composition analysis and adipose tissue histology were performed. Global gene expression in retroperitoneal adipose tissue of lean and obese rats was studied by microarray using Affymetrix GeneChips.

Results:

One thousand and seventeen probe sets were downregulated and 963 probe sets were upregulated (more than two-fold) in adipose tissue of WNIN/Ob obese rats when compared to that of lean rats. Small nucleolar RNA (SnoRNA) made most of the underexpressed probe sets, whereas immune system-related genes werethe most overexpressed in the adipose tissues of obese rats. Genes coding for cytoskeletal proteinswere downregulated, whereas genes related to lipid biosynthesis were elevated in the adipose tissue of obese rats.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Majority of the altered genes and pathways in adipose tissue of WNIN/Ob obese rats were similar to the observations in other obese animal models and human obesity. Based on these observations, it is proposed that WNIN/Ob obese rat model may be a good model to study the mechanisms involved in the development of obesity and its comorbidities. Downregulation of SnoRNA appears to be a novel feature in this obese rat model.
Are childhood externalizing disorders the harbinger of early-onset alcohol dependence?
Authors: Ghosh Abhishek , Malhotra Savita , Basu Debasish
Published: January 2017

Background & objectives:

The subtyping of alcohol dependence (AD) into early-onset (EO) and late-onset (LO) subgroups has been shown to have clinical and biological validity. As externalizing disorders (EDs) predate AD, the link of ED with age of onset of alcohol dependence needs to be investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of EDs such as disruptive behaviour disorder (DBD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with age at onset of AD in a sample of male subjects.

Methods:

One hundred consecutive male subjects with AD presenting to the De-Addiction Services and an equal number of biologically unrelated non-substance-dependent control subjects were included in the study. The AD subjects were divided into EO (age of onset of AD ≤25 yr; n = 21) and LO (age of onset of AD >25 yr; n = 79). Subjects were examined for evidence of DBD and ADHD in childhood, and current ADHD using structured instruments such as Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetic of Alcoholism-IV (SSAGA-IV) and Kiddie – SADS – Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). The odds ratio of association of EDs with EO and LO AD was calculated by comparing these subgroups with the biologically unrelated control group. Later, both the subgroups of alcohol dependence were compared for the presence of EDs.

Results:

All EDs (DBDs/childhood or adult ADHD) were more common in AD individuals as compared to the controls. However, when AD subgroups were compared with controls, the association of DBDs and ADHD reached a significant level only in the EO subgroup. A comparison of EO and LO AD showed that more EO individuals had history of both childhood disruptive disorder and ADHD compared to LO subgroup. Adult ADHD was also over-represented in EO subgroup.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Our study showed more EDs in alcohol dependent individuals compared to controls. Further, the association observed between EDs and EO alcohol dependence points towards a developmental continuum between these two conditions.
Correlation between Colposcopy, Cytology and Histopathology in High-risk Patients for Cervical Cancer in Perimenopausal Women in Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Rao Rohini , Jyoti Ragweshwar , Gupta Payal , Sood PL , Parasher Neelam
Published: January 2017

Objectives

To determine the correlation between cytology, colposcopy and histopathology, individually and in combination, in high-risk patients for detection of early cancer of the cervix.

Materials and methods

A total of 200 high-risk patients in the age groups of 35 to 60 years were included in the study. Pap smear, colposcopy and colposcopically directed biopsies were taken from the suspicious area.

Results

Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of Pap smear are 65.2, 96.3 and 89.3% respectively. Correlation between cytology and colposcopy was 81%, between colposcopy and histopathology was 90.6%, between cytology, colposcopy and histopathology was 90.6% and between cytology, colposcopy and histopathology was 87.3%.

Conclusion

Combination of various methods increases the diagnostic accuracy over that of each method separately.

How to cite this article

Jyothi R, Gupta P, Rao R, Sood PL, Parasher N. Correlation between Colposcopy, Cytology and Histopathology in High-risk Patients for Cervical Cancer in Perimenopausal Women in Himachal Pradesh, India. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2013;1(1):21-23.
Relationship of Psychological Morbidity and Quality of Life in Professional Females
Authors: Perera Hemantha , Karunanayake Supipi , Silva Pubudu de
Published: January 2017

During peri and menopause, a variety of psychological issues crop up and the most likely ones are depression, burnout, alcohol abuse and chronic fatigue. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of psychological disturbances in female health workers and female media personnel, and it was observed that, health workers, majority were anxious and depressed 51 years and above, compared to the media staff, where anxiety was mainly noticed between 41 and 50 years, and depression was common in less than 40 years.

How to cite this article

Perera H, Karunanayake S, de Silva P. Relationship of Psychological Morbidity and Quality of Life in Professional Females. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2013;1(1):24-26.
Adnexal Masses in Perimenopausal Women: How Effective is Color Flow Mapping and Pulse Doppler Waveform Studies in detecting Malignancy Preoperatively?
Authors: Gupta Nidhi
Published: January 2017

Objective

This prospective study was undertaken to assess the sensitivity and specificity of color flow mapping and pulse Doppler waveform in identifying malignancy preoperatively in adnexal masses in perimenopausal women.

Materials and methods

A total of 100 cases with adnexal masses in perimenopausal women were scanned, underwent color flow mapping and pulsed Doppler waveform studies. These cysts were divided into three groups according to their ultrasound appearance – cystic, mixed cystic and solid. All the adnexal mases were removed surgically and sent for histopathological study.

Results

The sensitivity and specificity of color flow mapping in identifying malignant ovarian tumors was 63.6 and 87.0% respectively. In the case of solid cysts, color flow mapping identified all malignant tumors. But, color flow mapping missed malignancies in cystic and mixed cystic masses. To improve detection rates, we used Doppler waveform studies and used resistance index less than 0.4 as the indicator of malignancy and found overall sensitivity and specificity of 90.9 and 92.3%, which was higher than that of color flow mapping.

Conclusion

To conclude ultrasonic color flow mapping and pulse Doppler waveform studies used preoperatively on adnexal masses in perimenopausal women are widely available, performed rapidly and relatively easily, cost-effective and a reliable noninvasive method to predict malignancy preoperatively.

How to cite this article

Gupta N. Adnexal Masses in Perimenopausal Women: How Effective is Color Flow Mapping and Pulse Doppler Waveform Studies in detecting Malignancy Preoperatively? J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2013;1(1):27-33.
Low-dose Mifepristone (25 mg) in Treatment of Uterine Myoma in Perimenopausal Women
Authors: Nagrath Arun , Gupta Garima , Seth Shikha , Singh Ekta , Mathur AS
Published: January 2017

Objectives

To evaluate the effect of low-dose mifepristone (25 mg) on symptomatic myoma in perimenoapausal women.

Study design

Prospective observational clinical trial.

Materials and methods

Ninety-three perimenopausal women of age 35 to 50 years having symptomatic myoma were selected from gynecology outpatient department and given 25 mg mifepristone once daily continuously for 3 months. Baseline uterine size, uterine volume, myoma size, volume, their number, position, characteristics, hemoglobin and blood parameters, were taken and followed monthly for 6 months. Bleeding and pain scores were checked on monthly visits. Change in above parameters were tabulated during the first 3 months treatment phase and then next 3 months post-treatment phase for analysis.

Statistical analysis

Done by calculating mean, standard deviation, standard error and percentage distribution of variables.

Results

Menorrhagia was the commonest symptom which led patients to report to hospital. Mean uterine volume reduced to 63.69% of baseline, mean dominant myoma volume reduced to 53.62% and hemoglobin level raised to 137% after complete treatment of 3 months. Changes persisted in next 3 months post-treatment follow-up, while hysterectomy was required in 10 (12.2%) cases.

Conclusion

Three months treatment of 25 mg mifepristone effectively controls bleeding, reduces the uterine and myoma volume and thus can avoid blood transfusion and hysterectomy in a lot of symptomatic myoma cases.

How to cite this article

Seth S, Singh E, Mathur AS, Gupta G, Nagrath A. Low-dose Mifepristone (25 mg) in Treatment of Uterine Myoma in Perimenopausal Women. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2013;1(1):34-37.
A Huge Dermoid Cyst in Postmenopausal Women with Third Degree Uterine Prolapse
Authors: Shrivastava Deepti , Kakani Anuradha , Bannerjee Indradeep
Published: January 2017

Germ cell tumors are derived from primordial germ cells of the ovary. Approximately 25 to 30% of all ovarian tumors are of germ cell origin and of these, 95% are benign and only 3 to 4% are malignant. They are seen mostly in women in their second and third decades of life and very rarely in postmenopausal women. There are many reported cases of ovarian tumor in postmenopausal women but a huge dermoid cyst in postmenopausal women causing prolapse uterus is very rare. Here, we are presenting a rare case of large dermoid cyst in a 58-year-old postmenopausal multiparous woman with third degree uterine prolapse.

How to cite this article

Kakani A, Bannerjee I, Shrivastava D. A Huge Dermoid Cyst in Postmenopausal Women with Third Degree Uterine Prolapse. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2013;1(1):43-44.
Short-period mesospheric gravity waves and their sources at the South Pole
Authors: Mehta Dhvanit , Gerrard Andrew J. , Ebihara Yusuke , Weatherwax Allan T. , Lanzerotti Louis J.
Published: January 2017

Abstract. The sourcing locations and mechanisms for short-period, upward-propagating gravity waves at high polar latitudes remain largely unknown. Using all-sky imager data from the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, we determine the spatial and temporal characteristics of 94 observed small-scale waves in 3 austral winter months in 2003 and 2004. These data, together with background atmospheres from synoptic and/or climatological empirical models, are used to model gravity wave propagation from the polar mesosphere to each wave's source using a ray-tracing model. Our results provide a compelling case that a significant proportion of the observed waves are launched in several discrete layers in the tropopause and/or stratosphere. Analyses of synoptic geopotentials and temperatures indicate that wave formation is a result of baroclinic instability processes in the stratosphere and the interaction of planetary waves with the background wind fields in the tropopause. These results are significant for defining the influences of the polar vortex on the production of these small-scale, upward-propagating gravity waves at the highest polar latitudes.
Resolution dependence of uncertainties in gridded emission inventories: a case study in Hebei, China
Authors: Zheng Bo , Zhang Qiang , Tong Dan , Chen Chuchu , Hong Chaopeng , Li Meng , Geng Guannan , Lei Yu , Huo Hong , He Kebin
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Gridded emission inventories are essential inputs for chemical transport models and climate models. Spatial proxies are applied to allocate emissions from regional totals to spatially resolved grids when the exact locations of emissions are absent, with additional uncertainties arising due to the spatial mismatch between the locations of emissions and spatial proxies. In this study, we investigate the impact of spatial proxies on the accuracy of gridded emission inventories at different spatial resolutions by comparing gridded emissions developed from different spatial proxies (proxy-based inventory) with a highly spatially disaggregated bottom-up emission inventory developed from the extensive use of locations of emitting facilities (bottom-up inventory) in Hebei Province, China. We find that proxy-based inventories are generally comparable to bottom-up inventories for grid sizes larger than 0.25° because spatial errors are largely diminished at coarse resolutions. However, for gridded emissions with finer resolutions, large positive biases in urban centers and negative biases in suburban and rural regions are identified in proxy-based inventories and are then propagated into significant biases in urban-scale chemical transport modeling. Compared to bottom-up inventories, the use of proxy-based emissions exhibits similar modeling results, with biases varying from 3 to 13 % when predicting surface concentrations of different pollutants at 36 km resolution and an additional 8–73 % at 4 km resolution. The resolution dependence of uncertainties in proxy-based gridded inventories can be explained by the decoupling of emission facility locations from spatial surrogates, especially because industry facilities tend to be located away from urban centers. This distance results in a divergence between emission distributions and the allocation of proxies on smaller grids. The decoupling effects are weakened when the grid size increases to cover both urban and rural regions. We conclude that proxy-based inventories are of sufficient quality to support regional and global models (larger than 0.25° in this case study); however, to support urban-scale models with accurate emission inputs, bottom-up inventories incorporating the exact locations of emitting facilities should be developed instead of proxy-based inventories.
Lietuvos studentų mitybos įpročiai ir juos sąlygojantys veiksniai: masinės apklausos rezultatai
Authors: Merkys Gediminas , Norkus Andrius , Dovydaitis Julius
Published: January 2017

Straipsnyje pristatomi masinės Lietuvos studentų
(N=990) apklausos apie jų mitybos įpročius rezultatai.
Tyrimu siekta pabandyti bent iš dalies atsakyti
į esminį klausimą: kodėl egzistuoja prieštaravimas
tarp žinojimo apie sveiką mitybą ir faktinės
elgsenos. Apie sveiką mitybą žino visi, tačiau
didelis nuošimtis žmonių, tai pat ir studentų, sveikos
mitybos rekomendacijų visiškai nesilaiko. Mitybos
įpročiams matuoti buvo naudojamas 21 pirminis
indikatorius. Faktorinės ir loginės validacijos
derinimo būdu buvo suformuotos 7 poskalės, pasižyminčios
tinkama psichometrine kokybe. Taikant
K- vidurkių klasterinę analizę buvo identifikuoti
trys studentų statistiniai tipažai, besiskiriantys mitybos
įpročiais: 1. „Orientuoti į sveiką mitybą“ (paplitimas
– 30,7 proc.). 2. „Tarpinė grupė, linkstanti
į nesveiką mitybą“ (33,8 proc.). 3. „Ekonomiškai
orientuoti, nesveikai besimaitinantys“ (35,5 proc.).
Statistinio tipažo, orientuoto į sveiką mitybą, santykinis
paplitimas tikslinėje populiacijoje nesiekia
net vieno trečdalio. Aukščiausią santykinį paplitimą
turi ekonomiškai motyvuotas nesveikos mitybos
statistinis tipas. Paaiškėjo, kad studentų priklausymą
vienam ar kitam mitybos tipui paveikia: 1) lytis;
2) luomas (klasė); 3) studento tėvo ir motinos
analogiški įpročiai ir 4) informavimasis apie sveiką
mitybą per medijas. Studentų amžius ir jų tėvų išsilavinimas
studentų mitybos įpročiams įtakos neturi.
Triukšmo lygio įvertinimas bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose (bandomasis tyrimas)
Authors: Batulevičienė Vaida , Tamulionytė Melanija , Bajarūnas Aivaras
Published: January 2017

Lietuvoje visuomeninės paskirties pastatų patalpose,
kuriose vyksta mokymas ir (ar) ugdymas, triukšmo
lygį valstybė reglamentuoja riboti iki 55 dB(A).
Klausos organo funkciją kenksmingai veikiantis
triukšmo lygis nustatytas 75 - 85 dBA.
Šio tyrimo metu triukšmo lygio vertinimui buvo pasirinktos
Kauno jėzuitų gimnazija ir Kėdainių rajono
savivaldybės Krakių Mikalojaus Katkaus gimnazija.
Atlikus tyrimą ir įvertinus triukšmo lygį
dviejose skirtingose mokyklose, buvo nustatyta,
kad triukšmo lygis abiejose gimnazijose pertraukų
metu koridoriuose, foje ir valgyklose bei kūno kultūros
pamokose viršija pagal HN33:2011 nustatytą
maksimalų (Lmax) ir vidutinį (LAeq) triukšmo lygį
visuomeninės paskirties pastatų patalpose, kuriose
vyksta mokymas ir (ar) ugdymas. Didžiausias vidutinis
triukšmo lygis (LAeq) buvo nustatytas Kauno
jėzuitų gimnazijoje per kūno kultūros pamokas
(83 dBA) yra kenksmingas. Visais atvejais Kauno
jėzuitų gimnazijoje įvertintas vidutinis triukšmo lygis
(LAeq) viršijo 70 dBA. Krakių Mikalojaus Katkaus
gimnazijoje pamokų (išskyrus kūno kultūros)
metu vidutinis triukšmo lygis neviršijo leistino pagal
HN33:2011 maksimalaus triukšmo lygio (Lmax),
o vidutinį (LAeq) triukšmo lygį viršija tik 1,5 dBA.
Kauno jėzuitų gimnazijoje statistiškai reikšmingai
didesnis vidutinis triukšmo lygis (LAeq), nei Kėdainių
rajono savivaldybės Krakių Mikalojaus Katkaus
gimnazijoje. Tikėtina, kad didesniam triukšmo lygiui
Kauno jėzuitų gimnazijoje turi įtakos didesnis
mokinių skaičius mokykloje ir klasėse, o pamokų
metu dar ir skirtinga mokinių veikla.