bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A CLASSIFICATION OF LAGRANGIAN PLANES IN HOLOMORPHIC SYMPLECTIC VARIETIES
Authors: Bakker Benjamin
Published: September 2015

Classically, an indecomposable class$R$in the cone of effective curves on a K3 surface$X$is representable by a smooth rational curve if and only if$R^{2}=-2$. We prove a higher-dimensional generalization conjectured by Hassett and Tschinkel: for a holomorphic symplectic variety$M$deformation equivalent to a Hilbert scheme of$n$points on a K3 surface, an extremal curve class$R\in H_{2}(M,\mathbb{Z})$in the Mori cone is the line in a Lagrangian$n$-plane$\mathbb{P}^{n}\subset M$if and only if certain intersection-theoretic criteria are met. In particular, any such class satisfies$(R,R)=-\frac{n+3}{2}$, and the primitive such classes are all contained in a single monodromy orbit.
Dual-band linearly and circularly polarized microstrip patch antennas with meandering slot and metallic vias
Authors: Zhang Jin , Lin Xianqi , Yu Jiawei , Nie Liying
Published: September 2015

Patch antennas with a meandering slot and different distributions of grounded metallic vias are presented in this paper. The meandering slot is adopted to stimulate dual-band operation, while the number and position of the grounded metallic vias are suggested to achieve different radiation performances. The characteristics are analyzed in detail where we find that the existence of the vias also improves the impedance matching. Four samples are designed, where dual-band with both linear polarization, dual-band with circular- and linear-polarization, and single band with linear polarization are obtained, respectively. The samples are finally fabricated and the measurement results agree well with the simulation results.
Helping Early-Career Researchers Succeed
Authors: Colella Harmony , Schutt Derek , Sumy Danielle , Frassetto Andrew
Published: September 2015

Early-career scientists face many hurdles. Targeted programs can help them build skills, ease workloads, and form the collaborations they need to advance their careers.
Robust production of recombinant phosphoproteins using cell-free protein synthesis
Authors: Oza Javin P. , Aerni Hans R. , Pirman Natasha L. , Barber Karl W. , ter Haar Charlotte M. , Rogulina Svetlana , Amrofell Matthew B. , Isaacs Farren J. , Rinehart Jesse , Jewett Michael C.
Published: September 2015

Understanding the functional and structural consequences of site-specific protein phosphorylation has remained limited by our inability to produce phosphoproteins at high yields. Here we address this limitation by developing a cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) platform that employs crude extracts from a genomically recoded strain of Escherichia coli for site-specific, co-translational incorporation of phosphoserine into proteins. We apply this system to the robust production of up to milligram quantities of human MEK1 kinase. Then, we recapitulate a physiological signalling cascade in vitro to evaluate the contributions of site-specific phosphorylation of mono- and doubly phosphorylated forms on MEK1 activity. We discover that only one phosphorylation event is necessary and sufficient for MEK1 activity. Our work sets the stage for using CFPS as a rapid high-throughput technology platform for direct expression of programmable phosphoproteins containing multiple phosphorylated residues. This work will facilitate study of phosphorylation-dependent structure–function relationships, kinase signalling networks and kinase inhibitor drugs.
The interactions between a small molecule and G-quadruplexes are visualized by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy
Authors: Shivalingam Arun , Izquierdo M. Angeles , Marois Alix Le , Vyšniauskas Aurimas , Suhling Klaus , Kuimova Marina K. , Vilar Ramon
Published: September 2015

Guanine-rich oligonucleotides can fold into quadruple-stranded helical structures known as G-quadruplexes. Mounting experimental evidence has gathered suggesting that these non-canonical nucleic acid structures form in vivo and play essential biological roles. However, to date, there are no small-molecule optical probes to image G-quadruplexes in live cells. Herein, we report the design and development of a small fluorescent molecule, which can be used as an optical probe for G-quadruplexes. We demonstrate that the fluorescence lifetime of this new probe changes considerably upon interaction with different nucleic acid topologies. Specifically, longer fluorescence lifetimes are observed in vitro for G-quadruplexes than for double- and single-stranded nucleic acids. Cellular studies confirm that this molecule is cell permeable, has low cytotoxicity and localizes primarily in the cell nucleus. Furthermore, using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, live-cell imaging suggests that the probe can be used to study the interaction of small molecules with G-quadruplexes in vivo.
Graphene-Nanodiamond Heterostructures and their application to High Current Devices
Authors: Zhao Fang , Vrajitoarea Andrei , Jiang Qi , Han Xiaoyu , Chaudhary Aysha , Welch Joseph O. , Jackman Richard B.
Published: September 2015

Graphene on hydrogen terminated monolayer nanodiamond heterostructures provides a new way to improve carrier transport characteristics of the graphene, offering up to 60% improvement when compared with similar graphene on SiO2/Si substrates. These heterostructures offers excellent current-carrying abilities whilst offering the prospect of a fast, low cost and easy methodology for device applications. The use of ND monolayers is also a compatible technology for the support of large area graphene films. The nature of the C-H bonds between graphene and H-terminated NDs strongly influences the electronic character of the heterostructure, creating effective charge redistribution within the system. Field effect transistors (FETs) have been fabricated based on this novel herterostructure to demonstrate device characteristics and the potential of this approach.
Ticagrelor overcomes high platelet reactivity in patients with acute myocardial infarction or coronary artery in-stent restenosis: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Pan , Yang Yawei , Chen Tao , Liu Yu , Cao Ailin , Liu Junmei , Wang Zhuo , Zhao Xianxian , Qin Yongwen , Ma Liping
Published: September 2015

High on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) is accompanied by an increased risk of adverse outcomes. Direct comparison of the antiplatelet effects between ticagrelor and high-dose clopidogrel has not yet been reported in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or coronary artery in-stent restenosis (ISR) patients with HTPR. Consecutive patients with AMI or coronary artery ISR treated with standard-dose clopidogrel (75 mg/day) were screened with the VerifyNow assay, defining HTPR as P2Y12 reaction units (PRUs) >208. Of the 102 screened patients, 48 (47.06%) patients with HTPR were randomly assigned to either ticagrelor (180 mg/90 mg twice daily) or high-dose clopidogrel (150 mg/day) for 24 hours. Baseline characteristics and mean PRUs were similar in both groups. After 24 hours, ticagrelor was associated with a significantly lower platelet reactivity than high-dose clopidogrel (44.38 ± 40.26  vs. 212.58 ± 52.34 PRU, P < 0.05). No patient receiving ticagrelor exhibited HTPR, whereas 15 (62.50%) patients after treatment with high-dose clopidogrel remained HTPR (P < 0.05). During the follow-up (mean, 138.42 ± 53.59 days), no patient exhibited a major bleeding event in either treatment group. In conclusion, in patients with AMI or coronary artery ISR exhibiting HTPR after standard clopidogrel treatment, ticagrelor is significantly more effective compared with high-dose clopidogrel in overcoming HTPR.
Comparison of digital PCR platforms and semi-nested qPCR as a tool to determine the size of the HIV reservoir
Authors: Bosman K. J. , Nijhuis M. , van Ham P. M. , Wensing A. M. J. , Vervisch K. , Vandekerckhove L. , De Spiegelaere W.
Published: September 2015

HIV persists in latently infected cells of patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). This persistent proviral DNA reservoir is an important predictor of viral rebound upon therapy failure or interruption and forms a major obstacle towards cure. Accurate quantification of the low levels of persisting HIV DNA may aid patient monitoring and cure research. Digital PCR is a promising tool that enables direct absolute quantification with high sensitivity. With recent technological advances, several platforms are available to implement digital PCR in a clinical setting. Here, we compared two digital PCR platforms, the Quantstudio 3D (Life Technologies) and the QX100 (Bio-Rad) with a semi-nested qPCR on serial HIV DNA dilutions and DNA isolated from PBMCs of ART-suppressed patients. All three methods were able to detect target to the lowest levels of 2.5 HIV DNA copies. The QX100 excelled in having the least bias and highest precision, efficiency and quantitative linearity. Patient sample quantifications by the QX100 and semi-nested qPCR were highly agreeable by Bland-Altman analysis (0.01 ± 0.32 log10). Due to the observation of false-positive signals with current digital PCR platforms however, semi-nested qPCR may still be preferred in a setup of low quantity detection to discriminate between presence or absence of HIV DNA.
Sustained low abscisic acid levels increase seedling vigor under cold stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Mega Ryosuke , Meguro-Maoka Ayano , Endo Akira , Shimosaka Etsuo , Murayama Seiji , Nambara Eiji , Seo Mitsunori , Kanno Yuri , Abrams Suzanne R. , Sato Yutaka
Published: September 2015

Stress-induced abscisic acid (ABA) is mainly catabolized by ABA 8′-hydroxylase (ABA8ox), which also strictly regulates endogenous ABA levels. Although three members of the ABA8ox gene family are conserved in rice, it is not clear which stressors induce expression of these genes. Here, we found that OsABA8ox1 was induced by cold stress within 24 h and that OsABA8ox2 and OsABA8ox3 were not. In contrast, OsABA8ox2 and OsABA8ox3 were ABA-inducible, but OsABA8ox1 was not. OsABA8ox1, OsABA8ox2 and OsABA8ox3 restored germination of a cyp707a1/a2/a3 triple mutant of Arabidopsis to rates comparable to those of the wild type, indicating that OsABA8ox1, OsABA8ox2 and OsABA8ox3 function as ABA-catabolic genes in vivo. Transgenic rice lines overexpressing OsABA8ox1 showed decreased levels of ABA and increased seedling vigor at 15 °C. These results indicate that sustained low levels of ABA lead to increased seedling vigor during cold stress. On the other hand, excessively low endogenous ABA levels caused reduced drought and cold tolerance, although some of the transgenic rice lines expressing OsABA8ox1 at moderate levels did not show these harmful effects. Adequate regulation of endogenous ABA levels is thought to be crucial for maintaining seedling vigor under cold stress and for cold and drought tolerance in rice.
Proposal for universality in the viscosity of metallic liquids
Authors: Blodgett M. E. , Egami T. , Nussinov Z. , Kelton K. F.
Published: September 2015

The range of magnitude of the liquid viscosity, η, as a function of temperature is one of the most impressive of any physical property, changing by approximately 17 orders of magnitude from its extrapolated value at infinite temperature (ηo) to that at the glass transition temperature, Tg. We present experimental measurements of containerlessly processed metallic liquids that suggest that log(η/ηo) as a function of TA/T is a potentially universal scaled curve. In stark contrast to previous approaches, the scaling requires only two fitting parameters, which are on average predictable. The temperature TA corresponds to the onset of cooperative motion and is strongly correlated with Tg, suggesting that the processes underlying the glass transition first appear in the high temperature liquid.
Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism modulates inflammatory cytokine responses during acute stress
Authors: Yamakawa Kaori , Matsunaga Masahiro , Isowa Tokiko , Ohira Hideki
Published: September 2015

Cytokines are important mediators of various stress-related modulations of immune function. A major genetic factor determining inter-individual differences in stress reactivity is polymorphisms of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) transporter (5HTT) gene. A short (S) variant, compared with a long (L) variant, of the promoter region of the 5HTT gene-linked polymorphic region (5HTTLPR) has been related to emotional and stress hyper-reactivity. The present study examined whether the 5HTTLPR can modulate responses of inflammatory cytokines under acute stress. Nine Japanese male participants carrying two copies of the S alleles and nine Japanese males carrying S and L alleles underwent the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Inflammatory cytokines, endocrine parameters, heart rate and subjective stress were measured before, during and after the task. The participants carrying the SS alleles, but not those carrying the SL alleles, showed a significant increase of IL-1β immediately after TSST. This hyper-reactivity to acute stress in individuals with the SS alleles was also observed in their heart rate and cortisol levels. These results suggest that the S allele of the 5HTTLPR is consistently associated with stress reactivity in multi-level stress-related biological systems.
Monocyte-derived macrophage assisted breast cancer cell invasion as a personalized, predictive metric to score metastatic risk
Authors: Park Keon-Young , Li Gande , Platt Manu O.
Published: September 2015

Patient-to-patient variability in breast cancer progression complicates clinical treatment decisions. Of women undergoing prophylactic mastectomies, many may not have progressed to indolent forms of disease and could have benefited from milder, localized therapy. Tumor associated macrophages contribute significantly to tumor invasion and metastasis, with cysteine cathepsin proteases as important contributors. Here, a method is demonstrated by which variability in macrophage expression of cysteine cathepsins, their inhibitor cystatin C and kinase activation can be used to train a multivariate model and score patients for invasion risk. These enzymatic profiles were used to predict macrophage-assisted MCF-7 breast cancer cell invasion in the trained computational model. To test these predictions, a priori, signals from monocytes isolated from women undergoing mastectomies were input to score their cancer invasion potential in a patient-specific manner and successfully predicted that patient monocytes with highest predicted invasion indices matched those with more invasive initial diagnoses of the nine patients tested. Together this establishes proof-of-principle that personalized information acquired from minimally invasive blood draws may provide useful information to inform oncologists and patients of invasive/metastatic risk, helping to make decisions regarding radical mastectomy or milder, conservative treatments to save patients from hardship and surgical recovery.
Control of regional decidualization in implantation: Role of FoxM1 downstream of Hoxa10 and cyclin D3
Authors: Gao Fei , Bian Fenghua , Ma Xinghong , Kalinichenko Vladimir V. , Das Sanjoy K.
Published: September 2015

Appropriate regulation of regional uterine stromal cell decidualization in implantation, at the mesometrial triangle and secondary decidual zone (SDZ) locations, is critical for successful pregnancy, although the regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this regard, the available animal models that would specifically allow mechanistic analysis of site-specific decidualization are strikingly limited. Our study found that heightened expression of FoxM1, a Forkhead box transcription factor, is regulated during decidualization and its conditional deletion in mice reveals failure of implantation with regional decidualization defects such as a much smaller mesometrial decidua with enlarged SDZ. Analysis of cell cycle progression during decidualization both in vivo and in vitro demonstrates that the loss of FoxM1 elicits diploid cell deficiency with enhanced arrests prior to mitosis and concomitant upregulation of polyploidy. We further showed that Hoxa10 and cyclin D3, two decidual markers, control transcriptional regulation and intra-nuclear protein translocation of FoxM1 in polyploid cells, respectively. Overall, we suggest that proper regional decidualization and polyploidy development requires FoxM1 signaling downstream of Hoxa10 and cyclin D3.
Diamond synthesis from carbon nanofibers at low temperature and low pressure
Authors: Luo Chengzhi , Qi Xiang , Pan Chunxu , Yang Wenge
Published: September 2015

In this article, we report a new route to synthesize diamond by converting “solid” carbon nanofibers with a Spark Plasma Sintering system under low temperature and pressure (even at atmospheric pressure). Well-crystallized diamond crystals are obtained at the tips of the carbon nanofibers after sintering at 1500 °C and atmospheric pressure. Combining with scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron-energy loss spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy observations, we propose the conversion mechanism as follows: the disorder “solid” carbon nanofibers → well crystallined carbon nanofibers → bent graphitic sheets → onion-liked rings → diamond single crystal → the bigger congregated diamond crystal. It is believed that the plasma generated by low-voltage, vacuum spark, via a pulsed DC in Spark Plasma Sintering process, plays a critical role in the low temperature and low pressure diamond formation. This Spark Plasma Sintering process may provide a new route for diamond synthesis in an economical way to a large scale.
Analogy of transistor function with modulating photonic band gap in electromagnetically induced grating
Authors: Wang Zhiguo , Ullah Zakir , Gao Mengqin , Zhang Dan , Zhang Yiqi , Gao Hong , Zhang Yanpeng
Published: September 2015

Optical transistor is a device used to amplify and switch optical signals. Many researchers focus on replacing current computer components with optical equivalents, resulting in an optical digital computer system processing binary data. Electronic transistor is the fundamental building block of modern electronic devices. To replace electronic components with optical ones, an equivalent optical transistor is required. Here we compare the behavior of an optical transistor with the reflection from a photonic band gap structure in an electromagnetically induced transparency medium. A control signal is used to modulate the photonic band gap structure. Power variation of the control signal is used to provide an analogy between the reflection behavior caused by modulating the photonic band gap structure and the shifting of Q-point (Operation point) as well as amplification function of optical transistor. By means of the control signal, the switching function of optical transistor has also been realized. Such experimental schemes could have potential applications in making optical diode and optical transistor used in quantum information processing.
New horizon for high performance Mg-based biomaterial with uniform degradation behavior: Formation of stacking faults
Authors: Zhang Jinghuai , Xu Chi , Jing Yongbin , Lv Shuhui , Liu Shujuan , Fang Daqing , Zhuang Jinpeng , Zhang Milin , Wu Ruizhi
Published: September 2015

Designing the new microstructure is an effective way to accelerate the biomedical application of magnesium (Mg) alloys. In this study, a novel Mg–8Er–1Zn alloy with profuse nano-spaced basal plane stacking faults (SFs) was prepared by combined processes of direct-chill semi-continuous casting, heat-treatment and hot-extrusion. The formation of SFs made the alloy possess outstanding comprehensive performance as the biodegradable implant material. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS: 318 MPa), tensile yield strength (TYS: 207 MPa) and elongation (21%) of the alloy with SFs were superior to those of most reported degradable Mg-based alloys. This new alloy showed acceptable biotoxicity and degradation rate (0.34 mm/year) and the latter could be further slowed down through optimizing the microstructure. Most amazing of all, the uniquely uniform in vitro/vivo corrosion behavior was obtained due to the formation of SFs. Accordingly we proposed an original corrosion mechanism for the novel Mg alloy with SFs. The present study opens a new horizon for developing new Mg-based biomaterials with highly desirable performances.
Multifrequency multi-qubit entanglement based on plasmonic hot spots
Authors: Ren Jun , Wu Tong , Zhang Xiangdong
Published: September 2015

The theoretical method to study strong coupling between an ensemble of quantum emitters (QEs) and surface plasmons excited by the nanoparticle cluster has been presented by using a rigorous first-principles electromagnetic Green’s tensor technique. We have demonstrated that multi-qubit entanglements for two-level QEs can be produced at different coupling resonance frequencies, when they locate in the hot spots of the metallic nanoparticle cluster. The duration of quantum beats for such an entanglement can reach two orders longer than that for the entanglement in a photonic cavity. The phenomenon originates from collective coupling resonance excitation of the cluster. At the frequency of single scattering resonance, the entanglement cannot be produced although the single QE spontaneous decay rate is very big.
Self-Heating Effects In Polysilicon Source Gated Transistors
Authors: Sporea R. A. , Burridge T. , Silva S. R. P.
Published: September 2015

Source-gated transistors (SGTs) are thin-film devices which rely on a potential barrier at the source to achieve high gain, tolerance to fabrication variability and low series voltage drop, relevant to a multitude of energy-efficient, large-area, cost effective applications. The current through the reverse-biased source barrier has a potentially high positive temperature coefficient, which may lead to undesirable thermal runaway effects and even device failure through self-heating. Using numerical simulations we show that, even in highly thermally-confined scenarios and at high current levels, self-heating is insufficient to compromise device integrity. Performance is minimally affected through a modest increase in output conductance, which may limit the maximum attainable gain. Measurements on polysilicon devices confirm the simulated results, with even smaller penalties in performance, largely due to improved heat dissipation through metal contacts. We conclude that SGTs can be reliably used for high gain, power efficient analog and digital circuits without significant performance impact due to self-heating. This further demonstrates the robustness of SGTs.
Systemic in vivo delivery of siRNA to tumours using combination of polyethyleneimine and transferrin–polyethyleneimine conjugates
Authors: Grabowska Anna M. , Kircheis Ralf , Kumari Rajendra , Clarke Philip , McKenzie Andrew , Hughes Jaime , Mayne Cerys , Desai Arpan , Sasso Luana , Watson Susan A. , Alexander Cameron
Published: September 2015

Materials for delivery of oligonucleotides need to be simple to produce and formulate yet effectivein vivoto be considered for clinical applications.
Asymmetric induction in homochiral MOFs: from interweaving double helices to single helices
Authors: Wu Xin , Zhang Hua-Bin , Xu Zhong-Xuan , Zhang Jian
Published: September 2015

A pair of homochiral metal–organic frameworks with interweaving double helices from enantiopure ligands and single helices braided by 4,4′-bipyridine and cadmium clusters have been synthesized successfully as a result of asymmetric induction.
Catalytic asymmetric endo-selective [3+2] cycloaddition reactions of Schiff bases of α-aminophosphonates with olefins using chiral metal amides
Authors: Yamashita Yasuhiro , Nam Liang Cheng , Dutton Mark J. , Yoshimoto Susumu , Kobayashi Shū
Published: September 2015

Chiral metal amide-catalyzed asymmetric endo-selective [3+2] cycloaddition reactions of Schiff bases of α-aminophosphonates with olefins are described.
Combinatorial crystal synthesis of ternary solids based on 2-methylresorcinol
Authors: Mir Niyaz A. , Dubey Ritesh , Tothadi Srinu , Desiraju Gautam R.
Published: September 2015

Cocrystallization experiments of 2-methylresorcinol with several N-bases were performed to identify selective and preferred crystallization routes in relevant structural landscapes.
Polynuclear and polymeric squarato-bridged coordination compounds
Authors: Massoud Salah S. , Louka Febee R. , Mautner Franz A.
Published: September 2015

The coordination properties of 3,4-dihydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dionate, C4O42− (squarate dianion) ligand, in relation to its ability to form different bonding bridging modes with metal ions are explored.
Rose Bengal incorporated in mesostructured silica nanoparticles: structural characterization, theoretical modeling and singlet oxygen delivery
Authors: Martins Estevão B. , Cucinotta F. , Hioka N. , Cossi M. , Argeri M. , Paul G. , Marchese L. , Gianotti E.
Published: September 2015

Rose Bengal incorporated into mesostructured silica nanoparticles exhibits efficient singlet oxygen (1O2) generation when illuminated with 540 nm light which is particularly promising for PDT applications.
Excluding hyperconjugation from the Z conformational preference and investigating its origin: formic acid and beyond
Authors: Ferro-Costas David , Mosquera Ricardo A.
Published: September 2015

A scheme indicating that the preference for the Z conformer in proteins is chemically equivalent to that of amides. Other compounds, such as carboxylic acids, also exhibit the same conformational trend.
π-Conjugated diimidazolium salts: rigid structure to obtain organized materials
Authors: Vitale Paola , D'Anna Francesca , Ferrante Francesco , Rizzo Carla , Noto Renato
Published: September 2015

The photophysical properties and aggregation ability of π-conjugated diimidazolium salts were studied in solution and in the solid state. Experimental investigations were supported by DFT calculations.
Mesoscopic modeling of structural and thermodynamic properties of fluids confined by rough surfaces
Authors: Terrón-Mejía Ketzasmin A. , López-Rendón Roberto , Gama Goicochea Armando
Published: September 2015

Simulations show that the ordering of particles confined by rough surfaces induces a structural phase transition while the interfacial tension is insensitive to it.
Mechanistic insights into nitrogen fixation by nitrogenase enzymes
Authors: Varley J. B. , Wang Y. , Chan K. , Studt F. , Nørskov J. K.
Published: September 2015

The active catalytic site for biological nitrogen fixation is identified as an Fe-edge site underneath a vacated belt-sulfur atom (μ2 S) of the FeMoco cluster in nitrogenase. The evolution of the μ2 S as H2S is critical to electrochemically activating the inert N2, while its readsorption is required to dissociate the strongly bound NH3*. The reversible hinge-like behavior of the μ2 S provides an analog to the high temperatures and pressures required in industrial ammonia synthesis in the Haber–Bosch process.
When ruthenia met titania: achieving extraordinary catalytic activity at low temperature by nanostructuring of oxides
Authors: Graciani J. , Yang F. , Evans J. , Vidal A. B. , Stacchiola D. , Rodriguez J. A. , Sanz J. F.
Published: September 2015

Nanostructured ruthenia shows strongly modified properties compared to the pure oxide thereby becoming a low-temperature high-activity catalyst.
The role of N7 protonation of guanine in determining the structure, stability and function of RNA base pairs
Authors: Halder Antarip , Bhattacharya Sohini , Datta Ayan , Bhattacharyya Dhananjay , Mitra Abhijit
Published: September 2015

Ab initio computations and bioinformatics studies reveal that stabilization of some important RNA structural motifs might involve N7 protonation of guanine.
Magneto-electronic properties of multilayer graphenes
Authors: Lin Chiun-Yan , Wu Jhao-Ying , Ou Yih-Jon , Chiu Yu-Huang , Lin Ming-Fa
Published: September 2015

This article reviews the rich magneto-electronic properties of multilayer graphene systems.
Ring lithiation of 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene: another side of the ‘proton sponge coin’
Authors: Antonov Alexander S. , Pozharskii Alexander F. , Ozeryanskii Valery A. , Filarowski Aleksander , Suponitsky Kyrill Yu. , Tolstoy Peter M. , Vovk Mikhail A.
Published: September 2015

A set of X-ray, multinuclear NMR and DFT approaches was used to address a question of selectivity, relative stability and enhanced reactivity of ring lithiated 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalenes.
Theoretical modeling of valence tautomeric dinuclear cobalt complexes. Adducts of CoIIdiketonates with cyclic redox-active tetraone ligands
Authors: Minkin V. I. , Starikov A. G. , Starikova A. A.
Published: September 2015

B3LYP*/6-311++G(d,p) calculated two-step VT rearrangement of a Co(ii) diketonate and a pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone 2 : 1 adduct occurs with the migration of paramagnetic centers.
A data-intensive re-evaluation of semibridging carbonyl ligands
Authors: Parmelee Sean R. , Mankad Neal P.
Published: September 2015

Structural data pertaining to bimetallic complexes with semibridging carbonyl (SBCO) ligands are analyzed using a comprehensive search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD).
Hydrazine-mediated strongly coupled Re(CO)3dimers
Authors: Hasheminasab A. , Rhoda H. M. , Crandall L. A. , Ayers J. T. , Nemykin V. N. , Herrick R. S. , Ziegler C. J.
Published: September 2015

We present two strongly coupled Re(CO)3dimers, where the metals are linkedviaa bis-hydrazine Schiff base ligand as well as their monomeric analogs. Strong coupling between the ligand based orbitals the dimers is observed as measured by reductive cyclic voltammetry.
Designing an improved transition metal phosphide catalyst for hydrogen evolution using experimental and theoretical trends
Authors: Kibsgaard Jakob , Tsai Charlie , Chan Karen , Benck Jesse D. , Nørskov Jens K. , Abild-Pedersen Frank , Jaramillo Thomas F.
Published: September 2015

A volcano relationship exists between hydrogen evolution activities and hydrogen adsorption free energies for transition metal phosphides. We further predict and confirm that Fe0.5Co0.5P exhibits the highest activity.
A zinc–iron redox-flow battery under $100 per kW h of system capital cost
Authors: Gong Ke , Ma Xiaoya , Conforti Kameron M. , Kuttler Kevin J. , Grunewald Jonathan B. , Yeager Kelsey L. , Bazant Martin Z. , Gu Shuang , Yan Yushan
Published: September 2015

A zinc–iron redox-flow battery is developed that uses low cost redox materials and delivers high cell performance, consequently achieving an unprecedentedly low system capital cost under $100 per kW h.
Cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction using copper oxide impregnated on magnetite in deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Marset Xavier , Pérez Juana M. , Ramón Diego J.
Published: September 2015

The synthesis of different tetrahydroisoquinolines using choline chloride : ethylene glycol as a deep eutectic solvent (DES) and copper(ii) oxide impregnated on magnetite as a catalyst has been accomplished successfully.
Label-free high-throughput detection and content sensing of individual droplets in microfluidic systems
Authors: Yesiloz Gurkan , Boybay Muhammed Said , Ren Carolyn L.
Published: September 2015

We report a microwave-microfluidics integrated approach capable of detecting droplet at high-throughput and label-free sensing of individual droplet content without physical intrusion.
Effect of vitamin E succinate on the expression of the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor in gastric cancer cells and CD4+T cells
Authors: Hou Liying , Zhang Haijin , Xu Peixiang , Zhang Lijia , Zhang Xuguang , Sun Yanpei , Huang Xiaoli , Wu Kun
Published: September 2015

Gastric malignancy, which shows poor prognosis, is one of the most frequent causes of cancer-associated deaths.
Degradable polymeric nanoparticles by aggregation of thermoresponsive polymers and “click” chemistry
Authors: Dworak Andrzej , Lipowska Daria , Szweda Dawid , Suwinski Jerzy , Trzebicka Barbara , Szweda Roza
Published: September 2015

This study describes a novel approach to the preparation of crosslinked polymeric nanoparticles of controlled sizes that can be degraded under basic conditions.
RGD-conjugated two-photon absorbing near-IR emitting fluorescent probes for tumor vasculature imaging
Authors: Yue Xiling , Morales Alma R. , Githaiga Grace W. , Woodward Adam W. , Tang Simon , Sawada Junko , Komatsu Masanobu , Liu Xuan , Belfield Kevin D.
Published: September 2015

Novel two-photon absorbing fluorescent probes were conjugated with an integrin-targeting peptide, resulting in enhanced tumor vasculature imaging.
Chemically synthesized dicarba H2 relaxin analogues retain strong RXFP1 receptor activity but show an unexpected loss of in vitro serum stability
Authors: Hossain Mohammed Akhter , Haugaard-Kedström Linda M. , Rosengren K. Johan , Bathgate Ross A. D. , Wade John D.
Published: September 2015

Replacement of a disulfide bond with a non-reducible dicarba bond in an insulin-like peptide, relaxin, did not significantly alter functional activity but resulted in unexpected dramatic decrease in vitro serum stability.
A latent reactive handle for functionalising heparin-like and LMWH deca- and dodecasaccharides
Authors: Miller Gavin J. , Broberg Karl. R. , Rudd Claire , Helliwell Madeleine R. , Jayson Gordon C. , Gardiner John M.
Published: September 2015

Disaccharide units containing a latent aldehyde surrogate at O4 provide late-stage access to terminal aldehyde LMWH and HS deca and dodecasaccharides.
Individual based modeling of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm with three detachment mechanisms
Authors: Li Cheng , Zhang Yilei , Yehuda Cohen
Published: September 2015

Individual based simulation approach has attracted more and more interest in biofilm simulation.
Synthesis and characterization of steroidal heterocyclic compounds, DNA condensation and molecular docking studies and their in vitro anticancer and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities
Authors: Ali Abad , Asif Mohd , Khanam Hena , Mashrai Ashraf , Sherwani Mohd Asif , Owais Mohammad , Shamsuzzaman Shamsuzzaman
Published: September 2015

A facile and efficient approach for the synthesis of steroidal heterocyclic compounds (4–12) has been performed. Furthermore, these newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their various biological activities.
One-step synthesis of the nickel foam supported network-like ZnO nanoarchitectures assembled with ultrathin mesoporous nanosheets with improved lithium storage performance
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Li Songmei , Wang Bo , Liu Jianhua , Yu Mei
Published: September 2015

Novel network-like ZnO nanoarchitectures are supported on nickel foam as binder-free anodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
Identification and characterization of a cold-adapted and halotolerant nitrobenzene-degrading bacterium
Authors: Ma Xiping , Li Xianzhu , Li Wanlong , Wang Di , Xu Chengbin , Meng Xuelian
Published: September 2015

According to strain X7's morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene sequence, the result showed that strain X7 was Myroides odoratus.
Probing the persistence of energy-level control effects at organic semiconductor/electrode interfaces based on photoemission spectroscopy combined with Ar gas cluster ion beam sputtering
Authors: Yun Dong-Jin , Shin Taeho , Park SungJun , Shin Youngsik , Kyung YongKoo , Chung JaeGwan , Kim Yongsu
Published: September 2015

Thein situPES – Ar GCIB sputtering combined analysis enable to characterize the persistence of controlled energy-level at organic semiconductor/electrode interfaces.
Evolution of the morphological and structural properties of plasticized spinning polyacrylonitrile fibers during the stabilization process
Authors: Li Xiang , Ji Xiaofei , He Chunju
Published: September 2015

The morphological and structural properties of plasticized spinning polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers during the stabilization process were investigated.
Pressure modulates the phase stability and physical properties of zinc nitride iodine
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Xue Lin , Tang Lijuan , Hu Ziyu
Published: September 2015

To explore new stable phases in metal nitride halides, the structural, electronic and optical properties, and chemical bonding characteristics of Zn2NI under pressure were studied on the basis of crystal structure predicting evolution and density function calculations.
Formation of p-type CuInS2 absorber layers via sulfurization of co-electrodeposited Cu–In precursors
Authors: Unveroglu Begum , Zangari Giovanni
Published: September 2015

CuInS2 absorber films were manufactured via sulfurization of Cu–In precursors that were electrodeposited from a simple acidic solution without any complexing agent.
Cross-coupling reaction of aryl diazonium salts with azodicarboxylate using FeCl2
Authors: Khalaj M. , Ghazanfarpour-Darjani M.
Published: September 2015

Arene diazonium salts have been employed as the aryl source in reaction with dialkyl azodicarboxylates to form N-aryl hydrazide derivatives.
Cycling of waste fusel alcohols from sugar cane industries using supercritical carbon dioxide
Authors: Pereira F. S. , Pereira L. J. , Crédito D. F. A. , Girão L. H. V. , Idehara A. H. S. , González E. R. P.
Published: September 2015

The present work describes the clean synthesis of non-phosgene organic carbonates (NPOCs) with two important by-products from sugar and alcohol industries, namely, fusel alcohols and carbon dioxide, in the presence of DBU, DBN or TBD and an alkylating agent.
High performance graphene embedded rubber composites
Authors: Song Sung Ho , Kim Jung Mo , Park Kwang Hyun , Lee Dong Ju , Kwon O.-Seok , Kim Jin , Yoon Hyewon , Chen Xianjue
Published: September 2015

Nano-fillers have provided a big advantage for enhancing the performance of rubber composites through leading the synergy effects in the physical and chemical properties.
Improving cyclic stability of polyaniline by thermal crosslinking as electrode material for supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Xue , Liu Dong , Deng Jinxing , Duan Xiaojuan , Guo Jinshan , Liu Peng
Published: September 2015

The poor cyclic stability of polyaniline restricts its application as an electrode material for supercapacitors, due to the volume changes during the long charge/discharge process.
d-Glucose based synthesis of proline–serine C–C linked central and right hand core of a kaitocephalin-a glutamate receptor antagonist
Authors: Markad Pramod R. , Rohokale Rajendra S. , Pawar Nitin J. , Dhavale Dilip D.
Published: September 2015

Synthesis of the proline–serine core of kaitocephalin starting from d-glucose, utilizing the Jocic–Reeve and Corey–Link reaction sequence as key steps.
Nanoporous block copolymer films using highly selective solvents and non-solvent extraction
Authors: Ye Changhuai , Vogt Bryan D.
Published: September 2015

Selective swelling of matrix by alcohol followed by rapid extraction by the non-solvent water leads to a highly porous film with tunable optical properties. These films exhibit anti-reflective properties and are thermally robust.
Lateral capillary interactions between colloids beneath an oil–water interface that are driven by out-of-plane electrostatic double-layer interactions
Authors: Park Bum Jun , Lee Mina , Lee Bomsock , Furst Eric M.
Published: September 2015

The electrostatic disjoining pressure between charged particles and a charged oil–water interface generates lateral capillary attractions between adjacent particles beneath the interface, which consequently lead to closely packed, two-dimensional colloidal crystals.
Carbonaceous materials as substitutes for conventional dye-sensitized solar cell counter electrodes
Authors: Shiraz H. Ghorbani , Astaraie F. Razi
Published: September 2015

Carbon structures present high surface area as well as low impedance, which lead to efficient solar cells.
Facile synthesis of manganese carbonate quantum dots/Ni(HCO3)2–MnCO3composites as advanced cathode materials for high energy density asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Xia Qi Xun , San Hui Kwan , Hui Kwun Nam , Kim Sung Dae , Lim Jae Hong , Choi Si Young , Zhang Luo Jiang , Mane Rajaram S. , Yun Je Moon , Kim Kwang Ho
Published: September 2015

Well dispersed MnCO3quantum dots (∼1.2 nm) decorated on Ni(HCO3)2–MnCO3as a cathode electrode for high performance supercapacitors.
Ammonia-storage in lithium intercalated fullerides
Authors: Pontiroli D. , D'Alessio D. , Gaboardi M. , Magnani G. , Milanese C. , Duyker S. G. , Peterson V. K. , Sharma N. , Riccò M.
Published: September 2015

Li6C60 can absorb up to 14 NH3 per C60; its structural evolution upon desorption is studied by neutron powder diffraction.
Janus building block-enabled fabrication of dual metal equipped coordination polymers: an ideal precursor for noble metal/metal oxide nanocomposites with excellent catalytic performance
Authors: Cui Fang , Shao Qing , Cui Tieyu , Xu Linxu , Yao Tongjie , Zhang Xiao
Published: September 2015

Coordination polymer nanoribbons equipped with dual metal ions are fabricated by using a Janus building block.
Oxygen reduction electrocatalysts based on spatially confined cobalt monoxide nanocrystals on holey N-doped carbon nanowires: the enlarged interfacial area for performance improvement
Authors: Xu Jiaoxing , Yu Qiangmin , Wu Chuxin , Guan Lunhui
Published: September 2015

A hybrid with cobalt monoxide nanocrystals spatially confined in holey N-doped carbon nanowires (CoO/NCWs) demonstrated a remarkably improved ORR electrocatalytic activity and stability, benefitting from the enlarged interfacial area by spatially confined hybridization.
Low temperature oxygen diffusion mechanisms in Nd2NiO4+δ and Pr2NiO4+δvia large anharmonic displacements, explored by single crystal neutron diffraction
Authors: Ceretti M. , Wahyudi O. , Cousson A. , Villesuzanne A. , Meven M. , Pedersen B. , Bassat J. M. , Paulus W.
Published: September 2015

Quasi-continuous shallow energy diffusion pathway and anharmonic double potential of the apical oxygen atoms in Pr2NiO4.25 explored by single crystal neutron scattering at 400 °C.
Self-assembled gold nanofilms as a simple, recoverable and recyclable catalyst for nitro-reduction
Authors: Mohan Manikkavalli , Mohan Nagaboopathy , Chand Dillip Kumar
Published: September 2015

A facile method to prepare gold nanofilms (AuNFs), from hexaazamacrocycle (L) stabilized AuNPs, by self-assembly at liquid/liquid interfaces is developed. A vial coated with AuNFs was used as a recoverable and reusable catalytic reservoir for nitro-reduction reactions in water under ambient conditions.
Growth mechanism and active site probing of Fe3C@N-doped carbon nanotubes/C catalysts: guidance for building highly efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalysts
Authors: Zhu Jianbing , Xiao Meiling , Liu Changpeng , Ge Junjie , St-Pierre Jean , Xing Wei
Published: September 2015

Non-platinum (NP) electrocatalysts with high activity and durability for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) are required for fuel cells and other renewable systems.
Ethanol-tolerant polyethyleneimine functionalized palladium nanowires in alkaline media: the “molecular window gauze” induced the selectivity for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Xu Guang-Rui , Liu Feng-Yi , Liu Zong-Huai , Chen Yu
Published: September 2015

Polyethyleneimine layers on Pd nanowires act as a “molecular window gauze”, resulting in good selectivity for the ORR in alkaline media.
Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of lecithin-based nanocarriers for the enhanced pharmacological and oral pharmacokinetic profile of amphotericin B
Authors: Javed Ibrahim , Hussain Syed Zajif , Ullah Irfan , Khan Imran , Ateeq Muhammad , Shahnaz Gul , Rehman Habib ur , Razi Muhammad Tahir , Shah Muhammad Raza , Hussain Irshad
Published: September 2015

Lecithin-drug hybrid nanocarriers (NCs) are demonstrated to enhance oral bioavailability and anti-parasitic potential for poorly water-soluble drugs.
Superparamagnetic plasmonic nanoshells for improved imaging, separation and seeding of co-cultured cells
Authors: Jin Xiulong , Yu Hongfei , Kong Ni , Chang Jiang , Li Haiyan , Ye Jian
Published: September 2015

Multifunctional superparamagnetic nanoshells were applied for improved 2D and 3D two-photon luminescence imaging, separation and seeding of co-cultured cells.
Unusual structural-disorder stability of mechanochemically derived-Pb(Sc0.5Nb0.5)O3
Authors: Uršič Hana , Benčan Andreja , Dražič Goran , Esteves Giovanni , Jones Jacob L. , Usher Tedi-Marie , Rojac Tadej , Drnovšek Silvo , Deluca Marco , Jouin Jenny , Bobnar Vid , Trefalt Gregor , Holc Janez , Malič Barbara
Published: September 2015

This study demonstrates the important effect of processing on the B-site ordering in Pb(Sc0.5Nb0.5)O3ceramics.
Non‐linear predictive generalised minimum variance state‐dependent control
Authors: Grimble Michael John , Majecki Pawel
Published: September 2015

A non‐linear predictive generalised minimum variance control algorithm is introduced for the control of non‐linear discrete‐time state‐dependent multivariable systems. The process model includes two different types of subsystems to provide a variety of means of modelling the system and inferential control of certain outputs is available. A state‐dependent output model is driven from an unstructured non‐linear input subsystem which can include explicit transport‐delays. A multi‐step predictive control cost function is to be minimised involving weighted error, and either absolute or incremental control signal costing terms. Different patterns of a reduced number of future controls can be used to limit the computational demands.
Protection scheme for high‐voltage direct‐current transmission lines based on transient AC current
Authors: Liu Jian , Tai Nengling , Fan Chunju , Huang Wentao
Published: September 2015

This study presents a new protection scheme for high‐voltage direct‐current (HVDC) transmission lines which only uses a specific frequency AC current (SFAC) at one of the line terminals during fault transients. The fluctuation characteristic of the root mean square (RMS) of SFAC is analysed under different fault conditions. The fluctuation in the RMS of SFAC during the transient period of internal and external faults is quite different. A fluctuation coefficient (FC) is proposed to measure the fluctuation. Fault types and the faulted line can be distinguished by calculating FC. A HVDC test system modelled in PSCAD/EMTDC is used to validate the proposed scheme considering different fault types, operation modes, sampling frequency and interference. Comprehensive test studies show that the performance of the proposed protection scheme is inspiring, and it is simpler and is of higher reliability compared with some traditional protections based on harmonic currents.
A coupled cluster and Møller-Plesset perturbation theory study of the pressure induced phase transition in the LiH crystal
Authors: Grüneis Andreas
Published: September 2015

We employ Hartree–Fock, second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation, coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) as well as CCSD plus perturbative triples (CCSD(T)) theory to study the pressure induced transition from the rocksalt to the cesium chloride crystal structure in LiH. We show that the calculated transition pressure converges rapidly in this series of increasingly accurate many-electron wave function based theories. Using CCSD(T) theory, we predict a transition pressure for the structural phase transition in the LiH crystal of 340 GPa. Furthermore, we investigate the potential energy surface for this transition in the parameter space of the Buerger path.
On the control of spin-boson systems
Authors: Boscain Ugo , Mason Paolo , Panati Gianluca , Sigalotti Mario
Published: September 2015

In this paper, we study the so-called spin-boson system, namely, a two-level system in interaction with a distinguished mode of a quantized bosonic field. We give a brief description of the controlled Rabi and Jaynes–Cummings models and we discuss their appearance in the mathematics and physics literature. We then study the controllability of the Rabi model when the control is an external field acting on the bosonic part. Applying geometric control techniques to the Galerkin approximation and using perturbation theory to guarantee non-resonance of the spectrum of the drift operator, we prove approximate controllability of the system, for almost every value of the interaction parameter.