bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Vibration Characteristics of the Three-Bearings Supporting Structure with Cracks in the Rotor of the 25Cr2Ni4MoV Exciter
Authors: Zeng Qing Meng , Liu Zhi Min , Chen You Liang , Meng Fan Yang
Published: July 2019

Finite element model based on a unit with cracks in the rotor of the exciter is set up. Andthen critical speed is calculated that compared to actual measured value to verify the rationality of themodel. Lastly response characteristics of the three-bearings supporting structure are studied when thefirst critical speed of the exciter with cracks is closed to the working speed. And the reliability ofconclusions is further verified by case analysis.
Analysis of Causes of Generator Vibration Faults and Rotor Cracking in a Power Plant
Authors: Chai Bao Tong , Zeng Qing Meng , Wu Zheng Feng
Published: July 2019

The vibration of a generator in a power plant and the cause of rotor cracking wereanalyzed. The causes of generator rotor cracking were analyzed from the rotor raw material andheat treatment process. The results show that the brittleness and notch sensitivity of the rotormaterial are large due to the unreasonable heat treatment process of the rotor. When the stress isconcentrated, a cracking accident occurs. The generator rotor was returned to the manufacturingcompany for operation. At 3000 r•min-1, the generator's overhanging end vibrated greatly, and thefault was successfully eliminated by the dynamic balance test.
Effects of Liner Material and Structure on Penetration Characteristics of Small-Diameter Shaped Charge
Authors: Su Cheng Hai , Lan Qian Fei , Zheng Yuan Feng
Published: July 2019

Based on the AUTODYN-2D nonlinear dynamics platform, numerical simulations andexperiments are conducted to study the effect of 44mm small-caliber shaped charge on penetrationcharacteristics. Copper as the suitable material is chosen for small-caliber shaped charges, and theinfluence of the cone and the thickness of liner on the penetration of the jet into the steel target isobtained. The results show that the penetration depth decreases with the growth of the cone angle.Moreover, with the thickness of liner increasing, the penetration depth increases first and thendecreases. Based on the numerical simulation, structural parameters of the double cone liners wereoptimized: the optimum thickness liner was 1.2mm, and the optimal upper and lower cone of thedouble-cone liner was 40° and 60°. Besides, a static explosion test that the optimized double coneof the copper-type liner penetrated 45# steel targets is performed to verify the numerical simulation.
Sensitivity Analysis of Temperature Distribution along Horizontal Wells in Gas Reservoir
Authors: Cai Jun Jun , Tang Qing Song , Ou Jia Qiang , Zhan Tian Hui , Yuan Quan , Gan Xiao Fei , Deng Zhuang
Published: July 2019

The application of distributed temperature sensors(DTS) to monitor producing zones ofhorizontal well through a real-time measurement of a temperature profile is becoming increasinglypopular. The information from DTS can potentially be transformed to obtain the permeability alongto the wellbore and well completion method and so on. The relationship between these parametersand the real-time temperature distribution along the wellbore is very important. Based onmass-,momentum-,and energy-balance equations, this paper established a model to predict thetemperature along the horizontal wellbore. The models presented in this paper account for heatconvective, fluid expansion, heat conduction, and viscous dissipative heating. Wellbore temperaturecurves are plotted by computer iterative calculation. In addition, this paper revealed the relationshipbetween wellbore temperature distribution and different characteristics, such as permeability alongto the wellbore and well completion method. The analysis results show that permeability differenceand different well completion methods may lead to different downhole temperature distribution atthe same time step, different production rate, different wellbore temperature as well as the change offriction factor in the wellbore. From the temperature distribution and temperature derivative curvesin different cases, we could easily derive the permeability distribution along wellbore and thelocation of the perforated intervals and the fractures.
Annual report, 1983-1984 - Rock Magnetic Properties Task
Authors: Morris W A , Lapointe P , Chomyn B A , Balch K L
Published: July 2019

Under the Rock Property Activity, the Rock Magnetic Property Task has as its objective the characterization of rock formations and rock sa.mples using their magnetic properties. In 1983/84, work performed included relogging results from URL-6, Manitoba (at 10 cm
intervals) and magnetic susceptibility and its anisotropy, magnetic remanence, density and opaque mineralogy of surface and borehole sarnples for East Bull Lake, Ontario. The URL-6 closely-spaced logging showed an enhanced relationship between fractures/alterations and low susceptibilities. The East
Bull Lake results demonstrate the major importance and effect of magnetic remanence. Contrary to other research areas the remanence is used to pick out the alteration zones on surface and deep sarnples. The dendritic gabbro unit is readily characterized by high susceptibility values and high
remanence bath on surface and in borehole sarnples and hence can be easily mapped.
Preliminary field report of drilling near Mt. Meager and Mt. Cayley volcanic centres - 1977
Authors: Lewis J F
Published: July 2019

Ouring the autumn of 1977 four geothermal drill° hales were completed in the Coast Mountains of southwestern British Columbia. These hales were planned as exploration indicators for possible geothermal energy deposits associated with the recent volcanoes of
the Garibaldi volcanic complex. All four hales indicated linear bottom hale temperature gradients approximately double the normal terrestrial geothermal gradient. These preliminary indications suggest a high temperature regime, and are encouraging for the future of this area as a potential
geothermal resource.
World Confederation for Physical Therapy: Report on the 13th General Meeting and 12th International Congress
Authors: Irwin-Curruthers Sheena
Published: July 2019

No abstract available
INFIX/EXFIX
Authors: Bagga R , Shetty AP , Kanna RM , Rajasekaran S
Published: July 2019

Pelvic fractures complicated by the presence of visceral injuries, open fractures and urethral or bladder injuries pose a significant challenge to treat. In these conditions internal fixation is usually contraindicated. External fixators, though a potential solution, have disadvantages like loss of reduction, pin tract infection and loosening. INFIX, a novel technique has been effective in managing anterior ring fractures and can be used as a substitute for internal fixation. We describe use of INFIX as EXFIX in three case scenarios where passing INFIX rod internally was precluded with favorable outcomes.
A graduate's perspective on medical student journals
Authors: Abu-Zaid A
Published: July 2019

Medical student journals (MSJs) refer to a cluster of entirely student-led periodicals that publish student-authored articles. A recent review showed that MSJs characteristically employ a student-friendly and feeble peer review process, which is largely associated with poor quality of published articles. Herein, as a graduate medical student, I call on peer medical students to make an informed decision in refraining from submitting their research work to MSJs for four primary reasons. These reasons, generally, include: 1) opaque peer-review process, 2) lack of MEDLINE® indexing, 3) absence of official journal impact factor scores, and 4) poor article visibility and exposure to scientific community. Furthermore, I encourage students to take advantage of the existing opportunities provided by the professional MEDLINE®-indexed journals in disseminating their research work. These opportunities include: 1) the absolute welcoming calls for student-authored contributions, and 2) the designated 'student contribution corners’. Lastly, I succinctly highlight the joint duties of medical schools, undergraduate research committees, institutional review boards and mentors in publishing the student-authored research work in the professional journals, rather than the MSJs.
Worldwide trend in measles incidence from 1980 to 2016
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Y , Sakthivel M , Eliyas SK , Surendran G , Sarveswaran G
Published: July 2019

Background:

Decline in measles cases has not been uniform across countries and regions. Hence, we assessed the trend of measles from 1980 to 2016 with respect to WHO regions, World Bank income groups, and globally.

Methods:

We have conducted secondary data analysis by using the data on measles incidence from Global Health Observatory. For clustering adjustment, random intercept modeling with negative binomial distribution was used.

Results:

Globally, there was decline in the measles incidence from 4211,431 in 1980 to 132,325 in 2016. This accounts for around 8% decline in the measles cases every year (IRR – 0.92, P < 0.001). The results showed that there was a true declining trend after adjusting for clustering at regional (IRR – 0.90, P < 0.001) and income group level (IRR – 0.91, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Current study showed that there was significant decline in the incident number of measles cases based on worldwide, regional, and income group estimates, but insufficient to achieve the measles elimination target by 2020.
On Subcartesian Spaces Leibniz’ Rule Implies the Chain Rule
Authors: Cushman Richard , Śniatycki Jędrzej
Published: July 2019

We show that derivations of the differential structure of a subcartesian space satisfy the chain rule and have maximal integral curves.
Building Resilience in Developing Countries Vulnerable to Large Natural Disasters
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, &,   Review Department,   International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.,   International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Published: July 2019

This paper discusses how countries vulnerable to natural disasters can reduce the associated human and economic cost. Building on earlier work by IMF staff, the paper views disaster risk management through the lens of a three-pillar strategy for building structural, financial, and post-disaster (including social) resilience. A coherent disaster resilience strategy, based on a diagnostic of risks and cost-effective responses, can provide a road map for how to tackle disaster related vulnerabilities. It can also help mobilize much-needed support from the international community.
Content of selected inorganic compounds in the eggs of hens kept in two different systems: organic and battery cage
Authors: Szymanek Edyta , Andraszek Katarzyna , Banaszewska Dorota , Drabik Kamil , Batkowska Justyna
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Recent years have seen increased interest in the
influence of bioactive dietary components on human genes and gene
expression. A good source of many bioactive substances is the chicken egg.
The egg is considered to be an excellent food provided by nature. It is a good
source of nutrients such as vitamins A, B2, B6, B12, D, E and K, as well as
elements including phosphorus, selenium, iron, zinc, magnesium and calcium. The
research material use in this study consisted of eggs from hens kept in two different systems:
organic and battery cages. The content of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and
zinc (Zn) was determined in the egg contents – in the yolk and
white respectively. The content of elements was determined by atomic absorption
spectrometry (AAS) using an AA280 FS spectrometer with the automatic
dilution of standards and samples. The eggs from the organically raised hens
had a higher calcium, magnesium and zinc content. The greater variation in
the Ca, Mg and Zn content in the organic eggs is due to the more
individualized feeding system. The rearing system of the hens significantly
affects the concentration of elements in the egg. The results of this
research indicate that eggs from organic farming systems have a richer chemical
composition in terms of the content of nutrients such as calcium, magnesium
and zinc compared with eggs obtained from caged hens. Therefore, consumers
purchasing eggs should consider the system in which the hens were reared, as
eggs can be a valuable source of these elements in the diet.
Approaches to attribution of extreme temperature and precipitation events using multi-model and single-member ensembles of general circulation models
Authors: Lewis Sophie C. , Perkins-Kirkpatrick Sarah E. , King Andrew D.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Extreme temperature and precipitation events occurring in Australia in
recent decades have caused significant socio-economic and environmental
impacts, and thus determining the factors contributing to these extremes is
an active area of research. Many recently occurring record-breaking
temperature and rainfall events have now been examined from an extreme event
attribution (EEA) perspective. This paper describes a set of studies that have
examined the causes of extreme climate events using various general
circulation models (GCMs), presenting a comprehensive methodology for
GCM-based attribution of
extremes of temperature and precipitation observed on large spatial and temporal scales in Australia. First, we review how
Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models have been used
to examine the changing odds of observed extremes. Second, we review how a
large perturbed initial condition ensemble of a single climate model (CESM)
has been used to quantitatively examine the changing characteristics of
Australian heat extremes. For each approach, methodological details and
applications are provided and limitations highlighted. The conclusions of
this methodological review discuss the limitations and uncertainties
associated with this approach and identify key unexplored applications of
GCM-based attribution of extremes. Ideally, this information will be useful
for the application of the described extreme event attribution
approaches elsewhere.
Central Tethyan platform-top hypoxia during Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a
Authors: Hueter Alexander , Huck Stefan , Bodin Stéphane , Heimhofer Ulrich , Weyer Stefan , Jochum Klaus P. , Immenhauser Adrian
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Short-term hypoxia in epeiric water masses is a common phenomenon
of modern marine environments and causes mass mortality in coastal marine
ecosystems. Here, we test the hypothesis that during the early Aptian,
platform-top hypoxia temporarily established in some of the vast epeiric
seas of the central Tethys and caused, combined with other stressors,
significant changes in reefal ecosystems. Potentially interesting target
examples include time intervals characterized by the demise of lower Aptian
rudist–coral communities and the establishment of microencruster facies, as
previously described from the central and southern Tethys and from the
proto-North Atlantic domain. These considerations are relevant as previous
work has predominantly focused on early Aptian basinal anoxia in the context
of Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE) 1a, whereas the potential expansion of the
oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) in coeval shallow-water environments is
underexplored. Well-known patterns in the δ13C record during
OAE 1a allow for a sufficiently time-resolved correlation with previously
studied locations and assignment to chemostratigraphic segments. This
paper presents and critically discusses the outcome of a multi-proxy study
(e.g., rare
earth elements (REEs), U isotopes, and redox-sensitive trace elements) applied to lower
Aptian shallow-water carbonates today exposed in the Kanfanar quarry in
Istria, Croatia. These rocks were deposited on an extensive, isolated high
in the central Tethys surrounded by hemipelagic basins. Remarkably, during
chemostratigraphic segment C2, the depletion of redox-sensitive trace
elements As, V, Mo, and U in platform carbonates, deposited in normal marine
oxic waters, record the first occurrence of basinal, organic-rich sediment
deposition in which these elements are enriched. During the C3 segment,
seawater oxygen depletion established on the platform top as indicated by
the patterns in Ce/Ce* and U isotopes. Shifts in redox-sensitive proxies
coincide with the expansion of microencruster facies. Segment C4 witnesses
the return to normal marine reefal faunas on the platform top and is
characterized by patterns in redox-sensitive proxies typical of normal
marine dissolved oxygen levels. It remains unclear, however, if platform-top
hypoxia resulted from the expansion and upwelling of basinal,
oxygen-depleted water masses or if spatially isolated, shallow hypoxic
water bodies formed on the platform. Data shown here are relevant as they
shed light on the driving mechanisms that control poorly understood faunal
patterns during OAE 1a in the neritic realm and provide evidence on the
intricate relation between basinal and platform-top water masses.
Contesting double displacement: internally displaced campesinos and the social production of urban territory in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: López Claudia Maria
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This article offers an empirical account of the
emotionally charged processes involved in the social production of
territory. I draw from ethnographic interviews with displaced leaders of
socio-territorial movements in Medellín, Colombia, who are resisting
what I call double displacement. First, they were displaced from the
Colombian countryside due to conflict and now, decades later, they are again
being displaced, this time from their informal settlements due to urban
development. Founders of settlements are now leaders of social movements, who
reside on the periphery of the city and make claims to their neighborhoods
using the slogan that they have a “right to the territory”. I examine this
case of double displacement to demonstrate the emotional and political
aspects of re-territorialization by non-state actors at the urban scale. I
argue that by applying a socio-territorial approach to examining the impact
of double displacement, we recognize non-state territorialization as a
realization and expansion of social power.
Instrument observation strategy for a new generation of three-axis-stabilized geostationary meteorological satellites from China
Authors: Shang Jian , Yang Lei , Huang Pan , Yang Huizhi , Liu Chengbao , Wang Jing , Zhao Lei , Zhou Shengxiong , Chen Xiaodong , Zhang Zhiqing
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The Fengyun-4 (FY-4) satellite series is a new generation
of geostationary meteorological satellites from China. The newly adopted
three-axis-stabilized attitude-control platform can increase observation
efficiency and flexibility while bringing great challenges for image
navigation as well as integrated observation mode design. Considering the
requirements of earth observation, navigation and calibration as well as
observation flexibility, instrument observation strategies are proposed. These include the earth, the moon, stars, cold space, blackbody and diffuser
observations on which the instruments' in-orbit daily observations must be
based. The most complicated part is the star observation strategy, while
navigation precision is dependent on in-orbit star observations. A flexible,
effective, stable and automatic star observation strategy directly
influences star data acquisition and navigation precision. According to the
requirement of navigation, two specific star observation strategies for the
two main instruments on board FY-4A were proposed to be used in the
operational ground system. The strategies have been successfully used in
FY-4A in-orbit tests for more than a year. Both the simulation results and
in-orbit application results are given, including instrument observation
strategies, star observation strategies and moon observation tasks, to
demonstrate the validity of the proposed observation strategies, which lay
important foundations for the instruments' daily operation.
A review of map types used in empirical research in cartography
Authors: Słomska Katarzyna
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The main aim of this paper is to present types of maps used as stimuli in empirical studies in cartography in the context of the user and researcher perspective. Such revisions could possibly bring opportunities similarly to the taxonomy of interaction primitives proposed by Roth (2013) or data base focused on studies’ participants by White (2017). Their work is a systematisation of previous knowledge, it constitutes a framework for future studies and makes them easier to compare and validate.
The visualization of the use of land on the basis of the dynamics of the pedestrian movement from the interval UAV imaging
Authors: Smaczynski Maciej , Medynska-Gulij Beata , Halik Łukasz
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The identification and visualization of the real land use based on the dynamics of pedestrian movement was the issue discussed in the research. The observation of the pedestrian movement was made on the basis of interval imaging from the low flight level of oblique projection obtained from the single observation station. That led to the occurrence of blind spots, i.e. spots covered by trees and other objects, on imaging made from the drone, which made it difficult or impossible to observe the pedestrian movement on the parts of the research area.In the research the data on the Land and Building Register were used in order to analyze the cadastral and infrastructural construction of the research area. The photogrammetric record was made during the maximum density of the pedestrian movement on the research area of 7 ha, located on the university campus.The objective of the research was to create cartographic visualizations depicting the real land use with the employment of different mapping methods, diagrams and other forms of graphic presentation of spatial data. The georeference of the imaging obtained was based on the ground control points and its verification was carried out with the use of independent ground control points. The process allowed one to obtain an orthophotomap of the research area with the precision up to 27 cm in relation to the coordinates of the ground control points, specified by means of GNSS RTK technology. On the basis of the orthophotomap worked out the location of specific pedestrians was determined with the employment of coordinates. Considering the large scale of the research and its objective, it was necessary to present particular pedestrians, using area spatial objects. The transformation of point objects into area objects was possible thanks to suitable methodology and geomatic transformation.Furthermore, thanks to the imaging of the 10-second interval and the geomatic research method it was possible to aggregate area objects that represented pedestrians into the land use area. Identified areas of ‘wild’ land use, on which the pedestrian movement was observed outside the specified communication infrastructure, are particularly noteworthy. Moreover, the aggregation allowed one to solve the problem of blind spots. As a result of the conducted research, numerical statements concerning the area of land use based on the observation of pedestrian movement were obtained, and the acquired spatial data were presented on cartographic visualizations.
Automated Extraction of Drainage Channels and Roads through Deep Learning
Authors: Stanislawski Lawrence , Brockmeyer Tyler , Shavers Ethan
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The National Map provides geospatial data that support various uses such as resource management, disaster response, and science investigations. To properly support these needs, data themes of the National Map must be regularly updated and spatially integrated as the features on the ground change because of environmental or man-made events. The elevation theme of the National Map is managed through the 3D Elevation Program (3DEP), which is currently (2019) coordinating collection of high resolution (HR) elevation data for the United States over an eight-year period (Sugarbaker et al. 2014). Through this program, lidar point-cloud data are being collected for the conterminous United States, Hawaii, and U.S. territories, with coarser resolution interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ifsar) data being collected for the remote areas of Alaska. HR digital elevation models (DEMs) can be generated at 1 and 3 meter resolution from the lidar point-cloud data and are also furnished by 3DEP.This research develops automated methods to update the hydrography and transportation themes of the National Map in a manner that integrates with the HR elevation and image layers. Surface water drainage networks can be extracted from a HR DEM using flow-direction and flow-accumulation modelling, but results of these methods vary depending on environmental conditions and the existence of anthropogenic features that may affect the accuracy of the elevation model, such as vegetative cover, roads, bridges, and other urban structures. Hydrologic conditioning or enforcement of a HR DEM overcome some of these issues and improve flow modelling for drainage network extraction through techniques such as filtering (Passalaqua et al. 2010), filling sinks (Tarboton 1997), cutting channels through embankments at culvert and bridge locations (Poppenga et al. 2012), or burning-in existing streams (Maidment 1996). However, drainage network extraction results can vary substantially with these techniques and the methods generally require some manual intervention and/or tuning of parameters (Poppenga et al. 2013). Consequently, additional work is needed to streamline and further automate such methods for the various landscape conditions within the United States.
GIS-based hillshade representation combined with relative relief as pseudo shade to enhance micro-topography
Authors: Suzuki Keiko , Ishikawa Go
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Hillshade is a useful terrain representation that can express complicated topographic features on a map in 3D. However, the visual effects depend on the azimuth and the altitude of the light source corresponding to the target area. The purpose of this study is to provide a new method of GIS-based hillshade which can recognize various topographies in greater detail while reducing the dependency on the light source. The azimuth dependency of the light source can be traced back to the time of handwritten mapping, when cartographers combined multiple hillshades with differing azimuth settings.The authors of this study first tried to combine three types of hillshade (A, B and C, Figure1-3) that had not only different light sources but also different grayscale gradients. Hillshade A had a light source from the upper side of the map with the darkest grayscale gradient. Hillshade B had a light source from the left side with a medium grayscale gradient. Finally, Hillshade C’s light source was from the right side of the map with the brightest grayscale gradient. We confirmed that combining Hillshades A to C reproduces the same natural shading as that of a single light source from the upper left.The next purpose of the study was to enhance the topographic features of hillshade maps without overemphasizing the elevation factor in the GIS. We attempted to combine various topographic values through spatial analysis using a DEM in the GIS. Thus, we decided to combine a relative relief—a topographic value of maximum elevation change rate—as a pseudo shade (Figure4). However, because synthesizing the amount of relative relief in all directions overemphasizes the topography, we applied this only to downslope surfaces on the map created in the GIS. This pseudo shade works better for emphasizing micro-topography than does an upper light source in Hillshade A (Figure5).
Stereo RGB-D indoor mapping with precise stream fusing strategy
Authors: Tang Shengjun , Wang Weixi , Li Xiaoming , Yuan Zhilu
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In order to achieve more robust pose tracking and mapping of visual SLAM, the robotics researcher has recently shown a growing interest in utilising multiple camera, which is able to provide more sufficient observations to fulfil the frame registration and map updating tasks. This implies that better pose tracking robustness can be achieved by extending monocular visual SLAM to utilise measurements from multiple cameras.[1] proposed a visual SLAM method using multiple RGB-D cameras, which integrate the observations from multi-camera for camera tracking. However, they ignored the time-drift between the frames obtained by different cameras, which may result at inaccurate positions of observation used for map updating. Besides, loop closure detection was not been implemented. [2] constructed a multiple RGB-D system with three Kinects V2 camera. This work mainly concentrated on the intrinsic and extrinsic calibration and verify the effectiveness of mapping using multiply RGB-D cameras.
The Levenshtein distance as a measure of mirror symmetry and homogeneity for binary digital patterns
Authors: Toussaint Godfried T.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The complexity of a digital pattern, image, map, or sequence of symbols is a salient feature that finds numerous applications in a variety of domains of knowledge [1], [7], [10], [11]. Two features of patterns that form inherent components of pattern complexity, are mirror (reflection) symmetry and homogeneity [8], [9]. In the raster graphics representation mode, a pattern consists of a two-dimensional array (matrix) of elements (pixels, symbols). It is assumed here that the elements are binary-valued (black-white). With such a representation it is common to compute properties of 2-dimensional patterns, such as complexity, mirror-symmetry, and homogeneity, along the 1-dimensional rows, columns, and diagonals of the array [4]. In addition, within each row, mirror symmetries may be analysed either globally or locally [3]. A pattern that does not exhibit global mirror symmetry may still possess an abundant number of local mirror symmetries. Local symmetries permit graded measures of symmetry rather than all-or-nothing decisions. One powerful type of local symmetry is the sub-symmetry, a contiguous subset of elements of the pattern that is palindromic (has mirror symmetry). It has been shown empirically that the total number of sub-symmetries present in a pattern may serve as an excellent predictor of the perception of both visual pattern complexity [5], and auditory pattern complexity [6]. The present research project explores how two well-known measures of the distance between binary patterns and their inversions, correlate with sub-symmetries, as well as other measures of symmetry and homogeneity.
Interactive mapping for geographically weighted correlation in big census data
Authors: Tsutsumida Narumasa , Percival Joseph , Murakami Daisuke , Yoshida Takahiro , Nakaya Tomoki
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Census data are widely available in many countries and are useful in describing socio-economic structures in a map at an administrative unit level. Multiple variables in census data can be investigated, however, selecting a large number of variables often leads to confusion and makes it difficult to discern which should be considered. Correlation analysis is often applied to measure the degree of association of a pair of variables, while a correlation matrix is used to summarize relationships amongst multiple variables at the same time. Although both provide important metrics, the spatial configuration of the data is not taken into account. For the purpose of mapping, it is often of interest to highlight the correlative relationship between a pair of variables across space in order to deal with any spatial heterogeneity hidden in the data. In this sense, geographically weighted correlation and partial correlation analyses have been proposed to map spatial variations of correlations in a spatial data set. The geographically weighted approach uses a moving-window kernel running across geographical space and calculates a statistical model or summary statistic with distance-decayed weighted data. The critical issue of mapping such correlation relationships amongst multiple variables is the large number of resultant maps produced. If we are interested in correlations amongst 100 variables, the correlation matrix has the dimension of 100 by 100, while 4,950 correlation maps are produced when we investigate local correlation relationships. Furthermore, the degree of scale (localness) which is an important parameter to understand the local correlative relationship should be explored. To this end, the purpose of this study is to build an interactive mapping system for visualizing spatial variations of correlative relationships amongst multivariate variables in big census data. This system is built on Shiny in R and an R package for calculating the geographically weighted correlation and partial correlation coefficients across multiple variables (https://github.com/naru-T/GWpcor) is implemented behind this system for analyses. We use the national census data set for 2005 with 204 variables regarding socio-economic structures in 23 wards in Tokyo with 3,134 administrative units as a case study. The system implements geographically weighted correlation and partial correlation analyses with varying scale parameters and produces an interactive spatial surface of the correlation coefficient. We demonstrate how our interactive mapping system enables users to achieve quick visualization of correlative relationships amongst multivariate census data which can be selected and changed easily from pull-down lists (Figure 1). Such a user-friendly interactive mapping system proposed in this study will help those who need to understand the spatial relationships of the data that is being mapped. This study is supported by ROIS-DS-JOINT (006RP2018).
A Semantic Representation of Map Projections Knowledge
Authors: Usery E. Lynn
Published: July 2019

Abstract. A body of knowledge for cartography requires representing knowledge of the specific sub topics in the field. Map projections is a fundamental part of the knowledge base for cartography and a wealth of material exists on knowledge of map projections. Semantic organization of such knowledge is of primary importance to the access and use of map projections knowledge. This project builds a semantic representation for the fundamental parts of map projection knowledge. The semantics capture the concepts and relations between these concepts providing the user an easy method to access the knowledge and apply it to specific problems. The semantics represent classes of projections and the properties associated with those classes as well as the appropriate use. Such a representation can be accessed by humans or machines to arrive at appropriate selection and use of map projection theory.
Cross This Out: A Pedagogy of Disruption and Healing
Authors: Reyes G.T.
Published: July 2019

Critical courage and love require that we consider our own humanity's need for not only justice but also healing. Often, radical educators relentlessly focus on working towards social justice to the point where they neglect their own self-preservation, which includes processes and practices of healing.  This article discusses how a pedagogy of disruption and healing were applied towards confronting a racist act of vandalism at a California public university.  In discussing the values-centered, socio-historically grounded, and higher purpose-driven responses to the racist act, the author illuminates the four principles that grounded the disruptive and healing-centered actions.  In making transparent the principles that informed the designed response, others can be able to make adaptations necessary for their own contexts.  To assist with invoking one’s radical agency the author also reveals how other educators across the country have implemented these principles within their own contexts towards manifesting their own visions of a more healthy, just, and meaningful life that is rooted in an analysis of the conditions that inhibit that well-being in the first place.
Moving without "The Movement"
Authors: Chinn Sarah
Published: July 2019

Part of the Modern Language Association Panel: 2018 on 1968
Losing While Winning
Authors: Ohmann Richard
Published: July 2019

Part of the Modern Language Association Panel: 2018 on 1968
New records of Amandinea and Buellia from China
Authors: Zhao Zun-Tian , Zhang Xiao , Fu Jie-Meng , Hu Ling
Published: July 2019

Our research has revealed two species of Amandinea (A. occidentalis and A. polyspora) and two species of Buellia (B. morsina and B. penichra), which we report for the first time from China. Descriptions of morphological and chemical characters
are provided with the known distribution of each species.
Introduction of subfamily names for four clades in Cladoniaceae and Peltigeraceae (Lecanoromycetes)
Authors: Lumbsch Thorsten H.
Published: July 2019

In a recent proposal for a classification of orders and families in Lecanoromycetidae and Ostropomycetidae based on a temporal approach, Squamarinaceae and Stereocaulaceae were synonymized with Cladoniaceae, and Lobariaceae and Nephromataceae
with Peltigeraceae. Since these four synonymized families represent easily recognized, monophyletic lineages and are well-established names, we here propose to accept them at subfamilial rank, as Lobarioideae, Nephromatoideae, Squamarinoideae, and Stereocauloideae.
Acarospora squamulosa, the correct name forA. peliocypha
Authors: Knudsen Kerry , Arcadia Linda In , Kocourková Jana
Published: July 2019

The epithet of the species widely known asAcarospora"peliscypha" should be restored to its original orthography,A. peliocypha. The oldest name for this species isLichen squamulosus,which has priority.Lichen squamulosusis lectotypified.Acarospora squamulosareplaces the later nameA. peliocypha.Acarospora squamulosais reported for continental North America from Baffin Island, Nunavut Territory, Canada.
Megalaria yunnanensis sp. nov. from Yunnan, China
Authors: Wang Chun-Xiao , Zhang Xiao , Zheng Chuan-Feng , Hu Ling
Published: July 2019

Megalaria yunnanensis from southern China is described as a new species. The lichen is diagnosed by its bi-layered exciple, presence of atranorin, zeorin, and fumarprotocetraric acid in the thallus, ascospore size (20–25 × 5–7.5 μm), and the lack of indentations
from the cell lumina into the center of the spore septum.
The conserved type of Lichen fuscatus [≡ Acarospora fuscata]
Authors: Knudsen Kerry , Malíček Jiří , Kocourková Jana
Published: July 2019

The conserved type of Lichen fuscatus, the basionym of Acarospora fuscata, is described, and two genes, ITS and mrSSU, are made available through GenBank for further phylogenetic research.
Heteroplacidium compactum reported as a genus new to China
Authors: Cheng Xiang-Min , Liu Da-Le , Wei Xin-Li , Wei Jiang-Chun
Published: July 2019

Three specimens of Heteroplacidium compactum (Verrucariaceae), isolated from arid areas in Northwest China, were identified by morphological and phylogenetic comparisons with other species, including species of Endocarpon and Placidium (common verrucariaceous
genera in the same area). This is the first report of Heteroplacidium from China.
Seychellomyces sinensis sp. nov. from China
Authors: Qiao Min , Zheng Hua , Zhang Zhe , Yu Ze-Fen
Published: July 2019

An aquatic hyphomycete, Seychellomyces sinensis, isolated from China, is proposed as a new species. Phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU, 60S, and MCM7 sequences place Seychellomyces in Ceratocystidaceae. The new species, characterized by septate conidia and
elliptical to cylindrical (sub)hyaline endoconidia, is distinguished from S. hexagonus by its larger, 1–3-septate conidia.
Understanding Teacher Hiring Practices in Rural, Urban, Suburban Schools in the United States
Authors: Kimbrel Laurie A
Published: July 2019

The link between student success and teacher quality has been made clear by decades of research; therefore, it is imperative that principals hire the teachers most likely to impact student outcomes positively. Hiring high-quality teachers is especially important in urban and rural schools where students are more likely to face a variety of family and community-based barriers to learning. This study was designed to examine the actual hiring processes utilized in schools located in urban, rural, and suburban communities in the USA to determine the extent to which differences exist and whether those differences are likely to impact teacher quality. Data were gathered using a survey e-mailed to principals in ten states in the southern and western regions of the United States. Analysis indicated that differences in application, hiring processes, and the criteria used for decision making exist and may result in unequal teacher quality.
Feminicídio: o gênero de quem mata e de quem morre
Authors: Canal Gabriela Catarina , Almeida Alcantara Naiara Sandi , Machado Isadora Vier
Published: July 2019

A presente pesquisa, fundamentada pela perspectiva de teóricas feministas e por obras de Direito Penal, Criminologia, Antropologia e Sociologia Jurídica, analisa a estreita relação entre violência doméstica e os feminicídios perpetrados na esfera conjugal e/ou de intimidade. Objetiva demonstrar a existência de uma intrínseca relação entre o gênero de quem mata e de quem morre ao expor como as relações de poder são capazes de impulsionar e legitimar a posse e o controle sobre o corpo feminino, situando o feminicídio para além de sua carga simbólica, como passo inaugural para o reconhecimento da problemática, conferindo-lhe o status de referência para a criação de políticas públicas de enfrentamento à violência de gênero, sem deixar de fazer considerações sobre desejos punitivistas e a consequente demanda por judicialização das pautas feministas no cenário nacional, ressaltando como a Lei do Feminicídio tem contribuído para reascensão deste debate.
As implicações sociais da prática de atos infracionais e da privação de liberdade em uma instituição total para adolescentes em conflito com a lei
Authors: Zanatta Guerra Simone , Henrich Giovana
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo é resultado da produção do Trabalho de Conclusão do Curso de Serviço Social da Universidade de Passo Fundo intitulado De adolescente a “de menor”: as implicações sociais da prática de atos infracionais e da privação de liberdade em uma instituição total para adolescentes em conflito com a lei, construído a partir da experiência do Estágio na área Serviço Social em um Centro de Atendimento Socioeducativo (CASE), onde através de processos de pesquisa analisaram-se quais as implicações do ato infracional e da privação de liberdade para o contexto sócio-familiar dos adolescentes em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa de internação, seguindo quatro eixos norteadores: as vivências dos adolescentes e seu contexto social antes do ingresso ao CASE; as consequências do ato infracional cometido para o adolescente e sua família; a percepção do adolescente a respeito do ato infracional cometido e da medida socioeducativa; e quais as expectativas do adolescente após o cumprimento da medida socioeducativa. Os resultados demonstraram o potencial da instituição e da prática de atos infracionais em modificar percepções e condições concretas de vida, através do estigma, da identificação territorial, da banalização da violência e da expectativa de permanência no mundo do crime.
Review of Chinese English Learners’ Prosodic Acquisition
Authors: Wu Yan
Published: July 2019

The traditional focus of English phonetic teaching in China has consistently been on the segmental acquisition, which is mainly highlighting the pronunciation of vowels and consonants, while its suprasegmental knowledge in speech naturalness, coherence and understanding is relatively insufficient. In addition, Chinese students have a serious problem in the rhythm of English language, which is mainly influenced by the characteristics of the syllable-timed in their mother tongue rather than in a stress-timed way. This study reviews the academic works of the nearly 15 years in the development of Chinese prosodic features of English language, giving a better and deeper analysis and appreciation of the suprasegmental phoneme levels of different aspects, such as the fundamental components of English prosody such as stress, rhythm and intonation. This study is hoped to shed light on the prosodic analysis of Chinese English learners’ oral proficiency in pronunciation, finding out the insufficiency in prosody of China English, and more importantly to provide effective learning strategy for Chinese English learners and teachers in prosody acquisition, therefore, it might pave the way to the reform of oral English teaching in China.
Determinants of Export Performance in ASEAN Region: Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Oo Thida , Kueh Jerome , Hla Daw Tin
Published: July 2019

International trade is one of the major aspects that grow tremendously in Southeast Asia and export is regarded as main accelerators of growth in either developed or developing countries. The objective of this study is to determine the determinants of export performance for ASEAN countries. In this study, panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method is adopted for time period between 2000 to 2015. Empirical findings indicate that there is a long-run relationship between determinants of export such as interest rate, economic growth and foreign direct investment with export performance of ASEAN countries. Therefore, policy makers need to strategize their policies to move towards closer cooperation among the ASEAN countries, especially promoting sustainable exportation in the region.
Study on Development Strategies of Fresh Agricultural Products E-commerce in China
Authors: Liu Xiaodong , Walsh John
Published: July 2019

With the improvement of living standards in China and greater interest in health and nutrition, fresh agricultural products have become the fourth largest category of products sold online in the country after books, electronic products and clothing. They are characterized by high purchase frequency and high profitability. In recent years, e-commerce websites for fresh agricultural products in China have grown rapidly but many of them are difficult to use. Based on the examples of fresh agricultural products e-commerce development in developed countries, this paper analyzes the development problems of the sector in China and puts forward four suggestions: strengthening the construction of agricultural informatization; improving the legislative mechanism of supervision; establishing specialized e-commerce websites for fresh agricultural products and strengthening personnel training.
Disrupting the Discourse Behind the Zoning of the Native Americans: Linda Hogan’s Mean Spirit in the Environmental Racist Perspective
Authors: Bibi Sehrish , Hussain Wajid
Published: July 2019

This paper disrupts the Euro Americans’ environmental colonialist discourse which involves the practices of racist policies that result in the relocation of the Native Americans to a confinement called reservation. More specifically, it discusses this relocation which is termed as zoning as a dilemma for the Natives because this practice by the Euro Americans, which is primarily involves their economic agenda, not only restricts the Natives to their reservation and denies life opportunities for them but puts the responsibility of their plight on themselves. A qualitative content analysis, the research explores this idea in Linda Hogan’s Mean Spirit in the light of the joint critique of environmental racism and critical discourse analysis. Linguistically, the study applies critical discourse analysis focusing on van Dijk’s concept of discourse and manipulation. The analysis reveals that the discursive and cognitive strategies employed by the Euro Americans for the zoning of the Natives help the former rationalize and legitimize their environmental colonial practices. The discursive process first involves the creation of “othering” and then the tactful presentation of this “othering”. The study also highlights the counter actions taken by the Natives on the basis of the same or similar strategies as have been employed against them, to resist their zoning.