bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRESERVATION OF THE TRADITIONS OF RELIGIOUS-RITIAL ART OF THE UKRAINIAN WESTERN DIASPORA IN THE OBJECT OF MUSICAL RESEARCHES BY MYRON FEDORIV
Authors: Yatsiv Iryna
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific works of the well-known in the Ukrainian diaspora musicologist and publicist Myron Fedoriv in the context of preservation of the national song traditions outside ethnic territory. It provides information about the most important theoretical achievements of the scientist in the field of musicology, and defines the place and significance of activity of the cultural public figure and scientist in the history of musical and choral culture of Ukraine and the western diaspora. The aim of the article is the analysis of Myron Fedoriv’s musicological heritage in the context of conservation problems of the national song and choral tradition in the cultural environment of the Ukrainian emigration. Research methods аrе based on biographical, culturological, and musicological approaches, with the help of which theoretical analysis, synthesis and systematization of data from archival sources and literature were carried out within the framework of the research problem, as an evidence base for solving the goal Results. Myron Fedorіv is a Ukrainian composer, publicist and musicologist who lived in the United States most of his life. He left a large amount of musical material and theoretical works in the history of Ukrainian choral culture, so he stopped the destruction of song traditions and samples of canonical liturgical singing in the Ukrainian churches in the diaspora. In his works, M. Fedorіv wrote that the singing tradition is the basis of the Ukrainian national spiritual culture, and therefore it should be preserved in the Ukrainian Catholic Church in America. As a result, the musicological heritage of M. Fedoriv is very valuable for the history of the Ukrainian musical culture of the twentieth century. M. Fedoriv was the guardian of the traditions of Ukrainian song culture and choral music in the art of the Ukrainian diaspora in the United States. Thus, his activity deserves a more detailed study. Novelty. For the first time scientific musicological works by M. Fedoriv are presented as a theoretical and methodological basis in the process of preserving the national singing traditions in the Ukrainian Western Diaspora.
SOCIAL ONLINE NETWORK PLATFORMS OF UKRAINIANS IN BULGARIA AS A MEANS FOR SELF-PRESENTATION AND CONSOLIDATION
Authors: Matanova Tanya
Published: March 2021

Ukrainians in Bulgaria as many other international migrants use social network platforms in their everyday life. In the text will be studied online platforms used by Ukrainian migrants in Bulgaria for communication, consolidation and self-presentation. Conclusions are based on empirical material gathered in the period 2016–2020 mainly by means of semi-structured interviews and virtual ethnography methods.
SOVIET RESETTLEMENT’S PROGRAM FOR THE UKRAINIAN PEASANCE IN 1921–1925
Authors: Rozovyk Olesia
Published: March 2021

The article, based on little-known sources, deals with the process of forming the policy of the Soviet government to solve such a problem as agrarian overpopulation of the USSR. The article presents data on overpopulation in some districts of the Ukrainian SSR, such as Kyiv, Chernihiv and Volyn districts, where such a phenomenon as scarcity of land and low-yielding soils was presented. An Emergency Resettlement Commission was established within the People’s Commissariat of Land Affairs by the decision of the Council of People’ Commissars (CPC). This Commission solved all issues related to the resettlement of peasants within the republic and abroad. Similar commissions were also formed in all provincial and county centers of the Ukrainian SSR. These commissions began active work on the registration of landless peasants and the search for vacant lands, primarily in the republic for their resettlement, beginning in the spring of 1921. Commissions were also carried out with the All-Russian (later All-Union) Resettlement Commission on the provision of land in uninhabited areas of the RSFSR, such as the Volga region, the Urals, Siberia, Kazakhstan, the Far East, Kuban, Stavropol, North Caucasus to the settlers from Ukraine. In February 1923, the CPC of the Ukrainian SSR took measures to ensure the planned resettlement of the rural population of the republic in Ukraine and abroad. In the autumn of 1923, the VIII All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets approved the main directions of resettlement policy in the republic. It was reduced to the following measures: first – the resettlement of Ukrainians in the free lands of the Ukrainian SSR; second – resettlement, first of all, of the poor population, which included assistance in farming; third – the resettlement of part of the population from rural areas to cities; fourth – the resettlement of small peasant families in the All-Union Colonization Fund in the Urals, Siberia, Kazakhstan, the Far East. In April 1924, CPC of the Soviet Union, supporting the resettlement movement, adopted a resolution “On the benefits of migrants”. It determined the level of material assistance to the families who settled in new lands. Thus, during 1921–1925, the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee and the CPC of the Ukrainian SSR developed a program of resettlement of the Ukrainian population within its ethnic lands and the Union Colonization Fund. This was the first five-year cycle of resettlement policy of the government of the USSR, and in 1926 a new resettlement program was approved, designed first for seven and then for ten years.
UKRAINIAN FREE UNIVERSITY IN GERMANY DURING THE DP PERIOD
Authors: Klynova-Datsiuk Halyna
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the activities of the Ukrainian Free University in Germany (UFU) during the DP period (1945–1952). The process of resumption of the UFU operation is described. The initiator of this case was the last rector of the University of Prague and historian Vadym Shcherbakіvsky. Well-known scientists Dmytro Doroshenko, Petro Kurinny, Ivan Mirchuk, Panteleimon Kovaliv and others supported his initiative. It is noted that the Bavarian authorities and the American occupation were positive about the resumption of the university. The educational process in the higher education institution began in the summer semester of 1946. The structure of the Ukrainian Free University in Germany had two faculties: philosophy from the departments of philosophy and pedagogy, philology (Ukrainian, classical, and Slavic), history, geography, archeology, ethnology and art sciences, as well as law and socio-economic sciences from various departments. It is stated that the most active in the functioning of the university was the 1947–1948 academic year. As 492 students were educated and 95 teachers worked, a significant amount of educational literature was published. The university charter of 1948, which was the basic document regulating the functioning of the institution and giving it the right to broad autonomy and free publication, is also analyzed. The article also proves that in addition to educational work in the UFU, a publishing business was developed. Among the publications of the university was mainly educational literature, in particular textbooks for students (scripts), which were printed in cyclostyle. In order to inform students about the content of academic disciplines, the number of lectures, seminars, practical classes, lecture programs were published. To facilitate the study of educational material, university teachers issued lecture notes. Among such publications are lectures by M. Andrusiak “History of the Cossacks”, I. Mirchuk “Introduction to Philosophy”, V. Kubiyovych “Geography of Ukraine” and others. The UFU played an important role in preserving the national and cultural identity of the Ukrainian people and consolidating the Ukrainian scientific forces in exile.
UKRAINIAN REFUGEE CHILDREN IN WESTERN GERMANY AFTER WORLD WAR II: WAYS OF AFFECTION AND SOCIAL CATEGORIES
Authors: Rybachok Iryna
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of Ukrainian refugee children. They lived in displaced persons camps (DP camps) created and functioned for refugees in West Germany during the second half of 1940s – early 1950s. The article is based on archival documents, memoirs, camp periodicals. The author tried to identify the main reasons and ways of getting children to DP camps, such as age, social criteria and health status. Moreover, the author characterized different groups of “little aged displaced persons”. World War II caused significant migration of population from Ukraine and put the fate of millions of refugees and displaced persons on the international agenda. The majority of the Ukrainians had been repatriated to the Soviet Union (USSR), but about 250,000 of Ukrainians managed to avoid repatriation, escaped and became refugees who lived in special DP camps. Children made up about a quarter of all Ukrainian refugees, who had experienced difficult escape cases. The memoirs of Lesia Bohuslavets (Oleksandra Tkach), Alla Lehka-Herets, Larysa Zalevska Onyshkevych, Larysa Palidvor-Zelyk, Natalia Palidvor-Sonevytska and others, used in the article, allow us to understanding the personal experiences and feelings of Ukrainian refugee children in the DP period. Refugee children came from various social groups of the Ukrainian community: politicians, public and religious figures, intellectuals, workers and peasants. The least protected social categories were semi-orphans, orphans, children with disabilities, illegitimate or seriously ill children. They needed special attention and aid from international and Ukrainian relief organizations, as well as from Ukrainian DP community. These were the families with little children, widows with orphans, single mothers with illegitimate children, children with disabilities, children suffering tuberculosis. All of them (and also sick, elderly people) belonged to the so-called “hard core” or “zalyshentsi” (people who couldn’t come back to their homes). They could move from DP camps in Germany to their new residence countries only if they received necessary confirming documents from their relatives, supporting their living conditions provided. Therefore, some Ukrainian families with little or ill children, children with disabilities, widows with orphans, as well as the elderly, were forced to stay in war-torn Germany.
MATRIX OF DEVELOPMENT OF STRESS RESISTANCE OF PERSONALITY
Authors: Kohut Oleksandra O.
Published: March 2021

Nowadays research of stress phenomena in psychological science is highly significant. Many citizens suffer from the stressors of current Ukrainian crisis society. First of all, the personal stress tolerance development is a psychotherapeutic problem that should be emphasized. However, there is no unique concept for stress tolerance development. The article provides a matrix of integrative personal stress tolerance development and its theoretical and methodological foundation. Stress tolerance is considered as an integrative property of personality characterized by a coordinated interaction of psychophysiological, emotional (motivational, communicative), cognitive, volitional components that ensure its achievement or successful overcoming of critical situations (crisis, stress, conflict, frustration) in everyday and extreme living conditions. The matrix developed by the author is the result of psychotherapeutic and consultative work with patrol police officers, and victims of critical life situations (crisis, stress, conflict, frustration). The sequence of psychotherapeutic work is represented by the following stages as: stage of identifying a topical problem, stage of working with psychophysiological component of stress tolerance, stage of changing negative protection for successful coping strategies, stage of working with emotional component of stress tolerance, stage of self-discovery of dominant communicative personal traits, stage of operation with cognitive stress component, the stage of coping resources obtaining, the stage of new value priorities, goals and self-organization determination, the stage of operation with the volitional structure of personal stress tolerance.
PECULIARITIES OF THE INFLUENCE OF DISTANCE LEARNING ON THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THE STUDENT AND TEACHER
Authors: Pitulei Viktoria V.
Published: March 2021

The article considers the concept of distance education and its impact on the psyche of students and teachers. The main ways of assessing the quality of distance education are outlined. The psychological and pedagogical features of the relationship between teacher and student in the educational and pedagogical process are revealed. The mechanisms of application of distance learning methods in higher school are analyzed. The positive and negative sides of distance learning are indicated. It was found that significant technical factors in reducing the success of student learning are technical and psychological unwillingness of teachers to work online. Peculiarities of pedagogical control over the efficiency of the educational process are revealed. It is established that distance learning has exacerbated a number of psychological problems, among which the key is the problem of emotional burnout. It is noted that the use of distance education has the advantage of removing psychological barriers to communication, blurs boundaries (the student can study regardless of place of residence). This technology of the educational process is invaluable in the period of quarantine restrictions, as it guarantees the absence of direct contact between people, allows active learning even during illness or self-isolation. It has been established that distance learning has exacerbated a number of psychological problems, not least the problem of emotional burnout. This phenomenon is observed in both students and teachers and manifests itself in a variety of negative physiological reactions of the body, namely: poor sleep, fatigue, drowsiness, psychosomatic diseases and destructive psychological conditions such as stress, bad mood, depression, apathy, high levels of neuroticism, emotional excitability, increased anxiety, fear, predominance of asthenic emotions, irritability. The reason for these reactions is the general negative situation in the country and in the world as a whole, in the forced self-isolation of man, as well as in the unusualness and maladaptation of teachers and students to distance learning conditions. It is pointed out that distance education today helps students to develop such qualities as independence, mobility and responsibility, develops skills of self-education, which is highly valued in the labor market. Unfortunately, distance education also has its downsides. For example, the lack of direct communication between students and teachers. In addition, distance education requires the student to have the necessary technical equipment for constant access to sources of information, as well as a very strong motivation to systematically study independently.
Arıma ve gri tahmin modellerinde Fourier serisi modifikasyonu: Türkiye enflasyonu uygulaması
Authors: BAĞCI Buğra
Published: March 2021

Günümüzde birçok merkez bankası enflasyonu kontrol altında tutarak fiyat istikrarını sağlayan istikrarlı bir ekonomik yapı kurmaya çalışmaktadır. Özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkeler diğer makroekonomik dengeleri de olumsuz etkilediği için yüksek enflasyon üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadırlar. Bu yönüyle fiyat istikrarının sürdürülmesi birçok ülkenin politika yapıcılarının ana hedefi haline gelmiştir. Özellikle enflasyon verilerinin tahmini, çok geniş kitleleri etkilemesi bakımından daha da önemli hale gelebilmektedir. Enflasyon verileri de, önemi göz önünde bulundurularak çalışmamızda kullanılmıştır. Bu anlamda tahmin etmek kadar, yapılan tahminin doğruluğunun da hayati olduğu düşünülmüştür. Bu çalışmada öncelikle, literatürde sıkça kullanılan iki farklı tahmin tekniği olan ARIMA modeli ve GM(1,1) modeli ile Türkiye’de enflasyon oranı tahmin edilerek hata terimleri hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bu hata terimleri, Fourier serileri yardımıyla modifiye edilerek yeni tahmin değerleri elde edilmiş ve doğruluk oranları arttırılmıştır. Orijinal modeller ile yapılan tahminlemelerde ARIMA modelinin GM(1,1) modelinden daha başarılı olduğu görülmüştür. Sonrasında, Fourier modifikasyonu uygulanmış ve bu modellerin modellerin orijinal modellerden çok daha başarılı sonuçlar ürettiği, en başarılı sonucun da Fourier modifikasyonlu GM(1,1) modeline ait olduğu görülmüştür. Gelecek dönem tahminlerinde de benzer durum söz konusu olmuştur. Türkiye açısından bakıldığında enflasyonun ciddi bir düşüş eğilimi göstermeyeceği ve bu konu üzerine yoğunlaşılması gerektiği söylenebilir.
Türkiye’de mahalle penceresinden kentsel güvenliğe yönelik bir uygulama önerisi: Mahalle bilgi sistemi
Authors: ZEREN Halim Emre , ŞİMŞEK Yılmaz
Published: March 2021

Mahalle, kent yaşamının en önemli unsurları arasındadır. Bir yerleşim mekânı olmanın yanında; toplumsal yaşamın düzenlenmesi, dayanışmanın güçlenmesi, kentsel güvenlik ve hemşehrilik bilincinin artması gibi olgular yönünden de büyük önem taşımaktadır. Diğer taraftan kentleşmenin hızlı ve düzensiz işleyen seyri, komşuluk ilişkilerinin zayıflaması gibi durumlar; kentsel güvenlik anlayışı ve kentlilik bilinci gibi kenti yaşanabilir kılan bileşenlere zarar vermektedir. Neticede kent yaşamında toplum sağlığından kent ekonomisine kadar birçok alanda olumsuz durumlar yaşanabilmektedir.
Kent sakinlerinin yaşamlarını sürdürürken kendilerini güvende hissetmeleri şeklinde ifade edilebilecek olan “kentsel güvenlik” anlayışınım mahallelerin işlevselliğiyle orantılı olduğu söylenebilir. Bu bakımdan mahallelerin işlevinin arttırılması için de kent sakinlerinin ilgisinin mahalleye yönlendirilmesi önemlidir.
Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de mahallelerin geçmişten bugüne sürecine değinilerek kentsel güvenlik açısından anlamı tartışılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda mahallelerin Osmanlı döneminden Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne sürecinin ele alınması ve kentsel güvenliğe yönelik muhtemel katkılarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın son bölümünde mahallelerin işlevlerinin artırılması ve hemşehrilerin hayatlarının kolaylaştırılması amacıyla teknoloji tabanlı olarak tasarlanan “Mahalle Bilgi Sistemi” uygulamasına yönelik temel öngörüler sunulmuştur. Bu bağlamda Mahalle Bilgi Sistemi’nin işlevi, sistemin muhtemel faydaları, mahallelere ve kente yapacağı katkılar temel seviyede değerlendirmeye çalışılmıştır. Mahallelerin; merkezi yönetim, yerel yönetimler ve hemşehriler açısından öneminin arttırılmasına yönelik uygulama önerilerine yer verilmiştir.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FREQUENCY AND STRUCTURE OF COMPLICATIONS OF THE BCG AND BCG-M TUBERCULOSIS VACCINE
Authors:   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus, Pozdnyakova A. S.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The effectiveness of TB vaccination is low in more than half of children with tuberculosis, which is confirmed by the small size of the post-vaccination scar or its absence. Having a residual virulence, the BCG strain can cause the development of post-vaccination complications. Objective – to conduct a comparative analysis of the frequency and structure of complications of TB vaccination with BCG and BCG-M in children. Material and methods. The analysis of the frequency and structure of complications was carried out in 284 children in BCG vaccination, in 273 children in BCG-M vaccine. Results. The use of BCG-M vaccine reduced the frequency and proportion of complications, and improved the structure of post-vaccination complications. The development of complications is associated with altered immunological reactivity of the child, which is manifested by a decrease in the activation potential of T-lymphocytes and functional insufficiency of humoral immune cells. Conclusions. During the period of TB vaccination, a thorough clinical and laboratory analysis of children with perinatal pathology is necessary to exclude immune insufficiency and reduce the risk of complications.
TRICHINOSIS AS A FACTOR DETERMINING THE CHANGE IN THE EXPRESSION OF PROTOONCOGENES AND SUPPRESSOR GENE IN EXPERIMENT
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus, Pabiarzhyn V. V.
Published: March 2021

The aim is to study trichinosis as a factor determining changes in the expression of proto-oncogenes and the suppressor gene in an experiment. Material and methods. The experimental animals were divided into 3 groups. In female rats of the first («control with tumor») and second groups («glioma combined with trichinosis», infection at a dose of 20 Trichinella spiralis larvae per 1 gram of animal body weight) a C6 glioma tumor in situ was simulated. The sampling of material from animals of the first group was carried out on the 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th days of tumor development, respectively (tumor, liver, lungs, brain). In females of the second group, biopsies (tumor, liver, lungs, brain) were taken on the 7th (14th day of tumor development), 14th (21st day of tumor development), 21st (28th day of tumor development) tumor), on the 28th day after infection (35th day of tumor development) and in the third group, once (liver, lungs, brain). RNA was directly isolated from the material by the column method. Amplification was performed on a Real-Time PCR thermal cycler. Comparative expression of the studied genes was carried out after normalization of each of the samples to the level of the control genes GAPDH and ACTIN-β. Expression analysis was performed with qbase + and CFX Maestro software. Results. Host invasion with trichinella leads to an increase in the expression of survivin (BIRC5), GLI, VEGF and TP53 in the tissues of the lungs, liver and brain. Conclusion. Exposure to trichinella can trigger the initiation of carcinogenic processes and aggravate their course.
Determination of obeticholic acid and its glycine conjugate in human plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Muralikrishna Ramisetti  , Lakshmana Rao Atmakuri  , Rama Shekara Reddy Dachuru
Published: March 2021

A sensitive and selective liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method was recommended by the authors for the determination orally bioavailable farnesoid X receptor agonist obeticholic acid along with its glycine conjugate glycoobeticholic acid human plasma. Obeticholic acid_d5 and glycoobeticholic acid_d5 were used as internal standards, respectively. After extraction with a mixture of tert-butyl methyl ether and dichloromethane, samples were separated on a phenyl column with a mobile phase of 2mM ammonium acetate with 0.01% formic acid and methanol (15:85, v/v). Analysis was performed on an AB Sciex 4500 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and data acquisition was performed by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in the negative ionization mode. Obeticholic acid and its conjugate were quantified in the linearity range of 0.50-100.00 ng/mL and the correction coefficients were≥0.99 during the validation. Precision and accuracy in different days (inter-day) and single day (intra-day) were meeting the acceptance criteria specified in the recent US FDA bioanalytical method validation guidelines. A variety of stability experiments in neat samples and plasma samples were conducted and the results are meeting the acceptance criteria. A run time of 2.5 min for each sample made it possible to analyze a greater number of samples in a short time, thus increasing productivity. This method could be useful to quantitate obeticholic acid and glycoobeticholic acid in real clinical samples.
A Study To Compare The Effects Of Aerobic Exercise Versus Core Strengthening Exercise Among College Girls With Primary Dysmenorrhea
Authors: Sandhiya M  , Senthil Selvam P  , Manoj Abraham M  , Tushar J Palekar  , Sundaram M S  , Priya Kumari  , Christina J
Published: March 2021

Dysmenorrhea means cramping pain accompanying menstruation. Prevalence and incidence of dysmenorrhea in Indian adolescent girls is about 70.2% and 33.5%. Primary dysmenorrhea is indicated by lower abdominal pain which may radiate to the thigh and lower back, causing nausea, vomiting, mood swings, headache, fatigue and diarrhoea. The objective of the study is to compare the effect of aerobic exercise versus strengthening of core muscles exercise among college going girls with primary dysmenorrhea. It is an experimental study conducted with 30 samples, ranging between the age group of 18-25 years, who were treated for a session of 40 min per day. The treatment was given for 3 days per week, which was continued for 8 weeks. The samples were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Samples were randomly divided into two groups, namely Group A and Group B, where Group A consists of 15 samples and B consists of 15 samples. Group A was trained with aerobic exercise and Group B was trained with core strengthening with a mini stability ball. Both groups were trained for 40 mins per day for 3 days per week for 8 weeks. The training was not given during the period of the menstrual cycle. The study showed that pain intensity was decreased significantly in both the groups with Group A at p=0.0001 and Group B at p<0.0001 with MMDQ and Group A at p=0.0006and Group B at p=0.0025 with VMSS. Hence, this study concluded that core strengthening exercise is more effective in reducing pain intensity. Hence, it can be used as one of the alternate therapies for pain relief in primary dysmenorrhea.
Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated risk factors among children attending a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Rajendra Kumar Karadiya  , Saroj Hooja  , Nita Pal  , Rajeev Yadav  , Nitya Vyas
Published: March 2021

Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are one of the major causes of morbidity in the developing world. This hospital-based prospective study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence rates of IPIs and to assess the risk factors associated with these infections in children attending a paediatric hospital. Seven hundred and five patients were analysed for IPIs and associated risk factors from April 2018 to March 2019. Information on the associated risk factors was obtained from a structured questionnaire protocol. Microscopic examination of stool samples was done by direct slide smear and after the formol-ether concentration technique. The overall prevalence of IPIs was 20.9%. In the age group, 5-9 years, the prevalence of parasitic infection (27.4%) was high. Among the intestinal parasites detected helminths and protozoans were 60.8% and 39.1% respectively. Among the helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides (20.5%) was most prevalent followed by Trichuris trichiura (18.1%) while among the protozoa Giardia intestinalis (18.7%) was most prevalent, followed by Entamoeba spp. (8.4%). Among the positive samples, the single parasite was detected in 87.8% while dual parasites were detected in 12.2% stool samples. Univariate analysis showed age, drinking water from an open well, a habit of open defecation, illiteracy and living in a rural area to be associated with a high risk of IPIs (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression revealed a significant association of intestinal parasitic infections with age (0-5years) and (10-14 years) and drinking water from an open well. Identifying and rectifying risk factors by creating awareness are needed to prevent community spread. Periodic deworming programmes should be implemented successfully in the community.
Entre a gente, de Audre Lorde
Authors: Sobral Rafael de Arruda
Published: March 2021

"Entre a gente", tradução do poema "Between Ourselves", de Audre Lorde (1934-1992).
Natividade, de Alberto Moravia
Authors: Costa Mendes Rafael , Delmondo Mattia
Published: March 2021

A existência mundana e entediante de Matteo é revolvida pela novidade que sua esposa, Maria, anuncia: eles logo teriam um bebê. Por meio de um olhar altivo de um homem que encarna todos os vícios da burguesia italiana durante o regime fascista, Moravia coloca em cena uma espetacular aparição noturna de Maria, em uma ambígua coabitação entre o real e o mágico. Escritura realista ou paródia do acontecimento religioso, “La NatavitÃ ” é um dos primeiros contos de Alberto Moravia, que carrega consigo a veia surrealista e satírica em voga na produção narrativa italiana dos anos 40.
sujeitos entre línguas, culturas e corpos
Authors: Da Silva Adriano Clayton
Published: March 2021

Neste trabalho apresento histórias e características de pessoas que, pelos mais diversos motivos, vivem ou viveram na fronteira das línguas, culturas e sociedades e, por causa disso, tiveram de traduzir suas falas, expressões, ações e corpos entre dois ou mais mundos. Este trabalho se baseia em aspectos históricos, sociológicos, antropológicos e tradutológicos, com ênfase sobre o sujeito que (se) traduz, e não sobre seu discurso ou objeto de tradução. A conclusão é de que a experiência da tradução, do estar entre línguas e culturas, também afeta o corpo, colocando o sujeito que traduz também entre corpos diferentes conforme a necessidade.
Studying and Modeling the Performance of the TCM-STBC Systems in the Rayleigh Channel
Authors: Bendelhoum Mohammed Sofiane , Lahcene Mohamed Rida , Menezla Fayssal , Elarbi Abderraouf
Published: March 2021

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems will play an important role in future generations of wireless networks. Space-time block code (STBC) and space-time trellis code (STTC) are two techniques that may be used in multi-antenna radio systems. This paper aims, most importantly, to study the performance of STBC systems at different vallues of such parameters as spectral efficiency, matrix codes and constellations. A performance comparison between STBC and STTC schemes is performed. In order to show the efficiency of the system’s ability to communicate with uncoded and coded transmission structures over AWGN and Rayleigh channels, the trellis-coded modulation (TCM) is introduced. The results obtained show that the proposed TCM-STBC system model, using one and two receiving antennas, improves the performance of Rayleigh channel communication systems at 9.5 dB and 11.5 dB for a BER of 10−5
Desain Didaktis Penjumlahan dan Pengurangan Pecahan Campuran di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Fauzi Irfan , Arini Ririn
Published: March 2021

This research was motivated by the students' learning obstacle in understanding the addition and subtraction of mixed fractions. So this research aims to develop a didactic design on the addition and subtraction of mixed fractions in grade 5 elementary schools based on student learning trajectories and can improve students' learning obstacles on addition and subtraction of mixed fractions. This research used the Didactical Design Research (DDR) method in one of the elementary schools in Bandung, with the subjects being 30 students in grade 5 and 29 students in grade 6. The data collection techniques used tests, interview, document analysis, focus group discussion (FGD), and observation. The results of this research indicated that the Didactic Design has a positive impact on student understanding and reduces the students' learning obstacles which are ontogenic, epistemological and didactical on the addition and subtraction of mixed fractions. Then, the average score of the students after the didactic design implementation was 75.3. This research is expected to be a reference for teachers in developing didactic designs for learning mathematics, especially fraction material in elementary schools using Didactical Design Research (DDR).
Pengembangan Modul Etnomatematika Berbasis Budaya Dayak dalam Pembelajaran Matematika dengan Pendekatan Joyfull Learning
Authors: Priyani Niken Eka
Published: March 2021

The conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic caused learning to change to once a week, limited teaching materials at SDN 29 Idai, and a decrease in the values of preserving Dayak culture in Idai village. Through the integration of the concepts of mathematics and culture, this study aims to develop an ethnomathematics module based on the Dayak culture in mathematics learning with a joyful learning approach. This research is a research development or Research and Development (R & D) with a research method using the Hanafin & Peck development model which focuses on solving problems of quality constraints and development complexity which consists of three stages, namely; 1) needs assessment; 2) the design stage, and 3) development and evaluation. The data collection technique used observation, interview, and ethnomathematics module validation sheets which were filled in by two reviewers, while module trials were conducted in grade 4 SDN 29 Idai. The results showed that the ethnomathematics module based on the Dayak culture with a joyful learning approach got good results so that it could be used to teach math concepts to grade 4 students at SDN 29 Idai.
Analisis Tingkat Literasi Digital dan Keterampilan Kolaborasi Siswa dalam Pembelajaran IPA Kelas VII Secara Daring
Authors: Ayun Qurrota
Published: March 2021

Keterampilan belajar dan keterampilan literasi di abad 21 ini yang dibutuhkan siswa adalah keterampilan kolaborasi dan literasi digital. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis tingkat literasi digital dan keterampilan kolaborasi siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA secara daring pada topik Interaksi Makhluk Hidup dengan Lingkungannya. Penelitian ini berjenis deskriptif kualitatif dan dilakukan pada Oktober s.d. November 2019. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket kuesioner dan lembar observasi. Kedua instrumen tersebut dipakai untuk mengukur tingkat literasi digital dan keterampilan kolaborasi. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu tingkat literasi digitial siswa dibedakan menjadi tiga kategori, yaitu tinggi 69%, sedang 18%, dan rendah 13%. Sementara itu, tingkat keterampilan kolaborasi siswa juga dibedakan menjadi tiga kategori yaitu tinggi 72%, sedang 23%, dan rendah 7%. Indikator dan item pertanyaan dari angket dan lembar observasi ini dapat dijadikan sebagai landasan untuk penelitian selanjutnya. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah keterampilan literasi digital dan keterampilan kolaborasi siswa termasuk dalam kategori tinggi melalui skor yang didapat pada angket dan lembar observasi.
Penggunaan Alat Peraga Kereta Satuan Volume untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika
Authors: Rahayu Bangun Sri
Published: March 2021

Karya tulis dalam bentuk penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika peserta didik kelas 6 SD Negeri 02 Penakir dengan menggunakan alat peraga kereta satuan volume. Objek perbaikan pembelajaran adalah peserta didik kelas 6 pada mata pelajaran Matematika semester 1 SD Negeri 02 Penakir Kabupaten Pemalang tempat peneliti mengajar. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini terdiri dari 2 Siklus dalam satu kompetensi dasar. Penelitian ini diawali dengan menyusun rencana pembelajaran, membuat program pembelajaran yang digunakan dan instrumen penelitian lainnya.Selama proses pembelajaran, dilakukan pengamatan terhadap kinerja guru sebagai peneliti dan dilakukan penilaian terhadap peserta didik melalui lembar tes. Temuan lain selama berlangsungnya pembelajaran didiskusikan antara peneliti dengan observer dilengkapi dengan data hasil pengamatan yang dilakukan refleksi pada setiap pertemuan. Hasil penelitian pada Siklus pertama dan Siklus kedua menunjukkan adanya peningkatan prestasi belajar peserta didik. Hasil penilaian terhadap prestasi belajar peserta didik adalah: Siklus pertama: 70,8 dengan ketuntasan belajar 68%, pada Siklus kedua: 82 dengan ketuntasan belajar 88%. Berdasarkan hasil  penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan alat peraga kereta satuan volume pada mata pelajaran matematika dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik Kelas 6SD Negeri 02 Penakir Kabupaten Pemalang.
Looking for tips to find icebergs - surveillance of haemolytic uraemic syndrome to detect outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli infection
Authors: Werber D , Frank C , Wadl M , Karch H , Fruth A , Stark K
Published: March 2021

In a recent article, De Schrijver et al. described an outbreak of Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli, syn. Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), linked to the consumption of ice cream produced at a farm in the province of Antwerp, Belgium. Interestingly, the outbreak was identified through the time-clustering of patients who had developed haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) and from whom STEC O145 was isolated.
An outbreak of measles in Reims, eastern France, January-March 2008 - a preliminary report
Authors: Thierry S , Alsibai S , Parent du Châtelet I , on behalf of the investigation team
Published: March 2021

Between the end of January and 12 March 2008, 16 cases of measles were reported to the local health authority in Reims in eastern France. The outbreak has to date affected nine adults and seven children, aged from seven months to 28 years. Among these cases, 13 were biologically confirmed.
Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST8 ("USA300") in an HIV-positive patient in Cologne, Germany, February 2008
Authors: Witte W , Braulke C , Strommenger B
Published: March 2021

The first cases of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) were reported in 1996 in Minnesota, United States (US) and were deep-seated skin and soft tissue infections and a few cases of necrotising pneumonia, mainly in children and among the Native American population [1]. A few years later, a large outbreak of CA-MRSA infections was reported in the men who have sex with men (MSM) community in California, predominantly among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients; data on sexual transmission was not available [2]. A recent report on the spread of CA-MRSA, mainly due to the widely disseminated strain ""USA300"", in numerous MSM in San Francisco and in one patient in Boston suggested sexual transmission [3], but initiated critical reviews concerning the transmission route and the corresponding public health message [4,5].
Increase in the spread of human immunodeficiency virus in Sweden, 2007
Authors: Arneborn M , Blaxhult A
Published: March 2021

As of the end of 2007, 8,014 people have been reported as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive in Sweden. About 4,500 of them were still alive and living in Sweden at the end of 2007. Many deaths occurred before effective antiretroviral treatment became available in 1996, and a substantial number of those who tested positive were only temporarily in Sweden. From the late 1980s until 2002, around 300 new cases were reported annually. In recent years, there has been a gradual increase, and in 2007, a total of 541 cases were reported, which is the highest figure since the mid-1980ies, when it first became possible to diagnose HIV infections (Figure 1).
Human Listeria monocytogenes infections in Europe - an opportunity for improved European surveillance
Authors: Denny J , McLauchlin J
Published: March 2021

The 2006 Community Summary Report from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) was published recently with the latest trends and figures on the occurrence of zoonotic infections and agents, antimicrobial resistance and foodborne outbreaks in the then 25 European Union (EU) Member States and five non-EU countries. This article seeks to expand further upon reports of human listeriosis (Listeria monocytogenes infections) and changes in the epidemiology of this disease, in order to inform of important developments as they relate to an opportunity for the establishment of a formalised listeriosis surveillance network in Europe.
An ongoing multi-state outbreak of measles linked to non-immune anthroposophic communities in Austria, Germany, and Norway, March-April 2008
Authors: Schmid D , Holzmann H , Abele S , Kasper S , König S , Meusburger S , Hrabcik H , Luckner-Hornischer A , Bechter E , DeMartin A , Stirling Jana , Heißenhuber A , Siedler A , Bernard H , Pfaff G , Schorr D , Ludwig M S , Zimmerman HP , Løvoll Ø , Aavitsland P , Allerberger F
Published: March 2021

From the second week of March 2008, public health authorities in the province of Salzburg observed an increased number of measles cases compared to previous years. Twenty cases of measles had been were notified Austria-wide in 2007, 24 in 2006, 10 in 2005, and 14 in 2004. The current outbreak has affected, as of 14 April, 202 people in Austria, 53 in Germany, and four in Norway, bringing the total number of cases related to this outbreak to 259. The initial case series investigation revealed that the common link was attendance of an anthroposophic school and day care centre in Salzburg city. The majority of the pupils were not vaccinated against measles.
Transmission of the L-Zagreb mumps vaccine virus, Croatia, 2005-2008
Authors: Kaic B , Gjenero-Margan I , Aleraj B , Ljubin-Sternak S , Vilibić-Čavlek T , Kilvain S , Pavic I , Stojanovic D , Ilic A
Published: March 2021

We report on three cases of symptomatic transmission of the L-Zagreb mumps vaccine virus from three vaccinated children to five adult contacts. The five contact cases were parents of the vaccinated children and presented with parotitis and in one case also with aseptic meningitis. The etiology of the contacts' illness was determined by viral culture, genomic sequencing, serology and epidemiological linking. Two of the vaccinated children developed vaccine associated parotitis as an adverse event three weeks following immunization. Symptoms in contact cases developed five to seven weeks after the vaccination of the children. The five contact cases, as well as the three children with adverse events recovered completely. The children had been vaccinated with MMR vaccine produced by the Institute of Immunology Zagreb, each of them with a different lot. One of the possible explanations for these adverse events is that the very low levels of wild mumps virus circulation in the last decade, combined with waning immunity in those who received one dose of vaccine or suffered from mumps in childhood, resulted in susceptible young adults and that this unique epidemiological situation allows us to detect horizontal transmission of mumps vaccine virus.
Web-based questionnaires – a tool used in a campylobacter outbreak investigation in Stockholm, Sweden, October 2007
Authors: de Jong B , Ancker C
Published: March 2021

Campylobacteriosis is the most common reported bacterial gastrointestinal disease in Sweden. Food-borne outbreaks of campylobacteriosis in Sweden are rather rare except for, usually rather small, family outbreaks. Water-borne outbreaks of campylobacteriosis, however, have affected several thousand persons in the past [1
A local outbreak of quinolone-resistant gonorrhoea in Norway, January 2008
Authors: Jakopanec I , Hassfjord J J , Nilsen O , Larsen A L , Aavitsland P
Published: March 2021

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Ethnic differences in HSV1 and HSV2 seroprevalence in Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Authors: Kramer MA , Uitenbroek DG , Ujcic-Voortman JK , Pfrommer C , Spaargaren J , Coutinho R  A , Dukers-Muijrers NHTM
Published: March 2021

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) and 2 (HSV2) infection can lead to significant morbidity, and HSV2 is considered a risk factor for HIV transmission. The majority of HSV-infected people are asymptomatic and unaware of their infection. We aimed to determine the HSV1 and HSV2 prevalence among various ethnic groups in a large urban area in the Netherlands. In 2004, serum samples from a population-based serum repository of 1,325 people over 18 years living in Amsterdam were tested for HSV1 and HSV2 antibodies in order to determine high-risk groups. Prevalence ratios were estimated and all analyses were weighted by sex, age, and ethnicity. In the general population of Amsterdam, 67% had HSV1 antibodies, 22% had HSV2 antibodies, 15% had HSV1 and HSV2 antibodies, and 26% had no indication of HSV infection. In multivariate analyses, HSV1 seroprevalence increased with age, and was higher among people of Turkish and Moroccan origin, homosexual men, and individuals with low educational level. HSV2 seroprevalence was associated with increasing age, Surinamese/Antillean background, and having a history of sexually transmitted infections (STI). These differences between ethnic groups in Amsterdam regarding the distribution of HSV1 and HSV2 infection emphasise the importance of an ethnic-specific approach of serological testing as well as campaigns aimed at behavioural change and counselling to raise awareness of the risk of HSV transmission.
Increased mumps incidence in the Netherlands: Review on the possible role of vaccine strain and genotype
Authors: Kaaijk P , van der Zeijst B A , Boog M C , Hoitink C W
Published: March 2021

As reported in a recent issue of Eurosurveillance, a mumps outbreak is ongoing in the Netherlands despite high vaccination coverage of 90-95% [1]. The reported mumps cases are restricted to geographic regions with a high percentage of residents who are members of a religious community that rejects vaccination. Consequently, two thirds of the mumps patients were not vaccinated. However, also vaccinated individuals in these regions were affected [1]. Since 1987, the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) combination vaccine produced by the Netherlands Vaccine Institute (NVI) is part of the Dutch national immunisation programme and administered at the ages of 14 months and nine years.
Isolating Asian enterovirus 71 subgenogroup C4 in two Austrian clinical samples from 2004
Authors: Huemer H. P. , Ortner B , Huang C-W , Schmid D , Mutz I , Wewalka G , Yang J , Allerberger F
Published: March 2021

Hamaguchi et al. recently reported on the on the occurrence of enterovirus type 71 (EV71) subgenogroup C4 in Japan [1]. According to the authors, this strain may have emerged in mainland China and in Taiwan. EV71 subgenogroup C4 has recently gained public health interest following reports of an ongoing outbreak in China and Vietnam in 2008: In June 2008, more than 176,000 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) were reported in China alone, and at least 24 deaths have been attributed to EV71 [2,3]. In the largest and most severe EV71-associated HFMD outbreak in Taiwan in 1998, 405 children had severe neurological complications and/or pulmonary oedema; 78 children died [4].
Large ongoing outbreak of infection with Salmonella Typhimurium U292 in Denmark, February-July 2008
Authors: Ethelberg S , Wingstrand A , Jensen T , Sørensen G , Muller L , Nielsen E M , Mølbak K
Published: March 2021

Denmark is currently experiencing an unusually large outbreak of gastrointestinal illness caused by Salmonella Typhimurium, phage type U292. The outbreak was discovered in early April by molecular typing (MLVA typing) of S. Typhimurium isolates at the Statens Serum Institut (SSI); the first patients reported onset on illness in February, but the number of reported cases has been particularly high in May and June (Figure 1). There are currently (as of 7 July) 366 confirmed cases, effectively making this the largest outbreak of salmonella infections in Denmark since 1993 [1].
Pontiac fever outbreak associated with a spa-pool, United Kingdom, April 2008
Authors: Modi A , Gardner J , Lighton L , Coetzee N
Published: March 2021

On 16 April 2008, public health authorities in North West England were notified of six suspected cases of non-pulmonary legionellosis, five of whom were admitted to three different hospitals and one seen by a general practitioner. These cases presented with influenza-like symptoms: fever, headache, and muscle pain, with or without nausea. They were part of a group of seven women who had spent the weekend of 11-13 April at a residential leisure resort where they were using a spa pool (otherwise known as Jacuzzi or whirlpool).
Increasing rates in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) among hospitalised patients, Spain 1999-2007
Authors: Asensio A , Vaque-Rafart J , Calbo-Torrecillas F , Gestal-Otero J J , López-Fernández F , Trilla-Garcia A , Cantón R ,   EPINE Working Group
Published: March 2021

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