bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversity of bryophytes in show caves in Slovenia and relation to light intensities
Authors: Mulec Janez , Kubešova Svatava
Published: February 2016

In subterranean environments phototrophic organisms can grow only in the proximity of light sources. In a study from eight Slovenian show caves: Črna jama, Kostanjeviška jama, Krška jama, Pekel pri Zalogu, Pivka jama, Postojnska jama, Škocjanske jame, Županova jama and two mines, Idrija mer­cury mine and Mežica lead and zinc mine, equipped for tourist visits, 37 taxa of Bryophyta and Pteridophyta were identified. The most frequent organisms were mosses Amblystegium ser­pens, Brachythecium sp., Eucladium verticillatum and Fissidens taxifolius. The highest diversity of bryophytes was recorded in Mežica mine with16 identified taxa where lamps are on con­tinuously. Bryophytes were collected at wide range of photo­synthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) from 0.2 to 530.0 μmol photons/m2/s. Eucladium verticillatum had the highest span of PPFDs, ranging from 1.4 to 530.0 μmol photons/m2/s. Bryo­phytes compensate for low PPFD withlonger exposure to light irradiance. Cratoneuron filicinum identified in Mežica mine de­veloped sporophytes at 2.1 and 2.4 μmol photons/m2/s, in Post­ojnska jama Brachythecium salebrosum developed sporophytes at 4.7 μmol photons/m2/s. Recolonization of lampenflora in show caves where bleachis applied to prevent its growthis still successful at sites that are exposed to long periods of irradiance and highPPFDs.
Recent developments on morphometric analysis of karst caves
Authors: Piccini Leonardo
Published: February 2016

Nowadays, the use of computers and the digital techniques for survey processing easily allows to carry out morphometric analysis of caves and karst systems. Morphometric indices have been proposed by many authors in order to describe the genetic features of some particular types of caves, suchas coastal ones, maze caves or isolated voids. Large cave systems can be analyzed throughthe reconstruction of a 3D model. The digital model can be used to evaluate the role of the structural setting or the evolution stages throughthe recognizing of particular levels where epi-phreatic passages are more developed. These levels are particularly significant when a lithological or structural control can be excluded. Some morphometric indices, obtained by the ratios of simple dimension parameters of caves, allow the statistical analysis of large databases, collected in the regional speleological inventories, in the attempt to recognize different geomorphic populations of caves. Further studies and a greater number of analysis could allow to use these morphometric indices to distinguishgenetic categories of caves and to get a useful instrument for the study of the evolution of karst areas.
Collapse sinkholes in the carbonate massifs of Central and Southern Apennines
Authors: Santo Antonio , Ascione Alessandra , Del Prete Sossio , Di Crescenzo Giuseppe , Santangelo Nicoletta
Published: February 2016

This study focuses on karst collapse sinkholes of the southern and central Apennines region (Italy), and has the aim of outlining and discussing the factors whichcontribute to the occurrence of collapse phenomena. By the analysis of the morphometrical/morphological features of the about 600 initially identified sinkholes, about 50% were interpreted as collapse sinkholes related to karst phenomena, whichare the object of this study. These were geo-referred and organised in a data base, in whichinformation on the geological-structural and hydrogeological features of areas affected by the collapses was also reported. The collapse sinkhole inventory was paralleled by an analysis of the distribution of the main mineral springs (H2S- and CO2- richwaters), of travertine bodies and of extensional faults withlate Quaternary activity, whichwere all considered significant to the study due to the interrelations linking travertines, karst solution processes, CO2- richwaters and faults. Furthermore, withthe aim of investigating the role of seismic shaking in the occurrence of the collapses, the karst collapse sinkhole distribution was compared withthe distribution of stronger historical earthquake epicentres. The results of this regional scale synthesis suggests a possible key to the interpretation of karst collapse phenomena. The latter, in fact, appear correlated to the combination of peculiar conditions, whichmay be envisaged in the presence of active faults and mineral waters. The study, in particular, suggests that karst collapse sinkholes result from enhanced dissolution phenomena related to the rising of fluids of deep origin, for which active faults represent preferred pathways, and favoured by the presence of a relatively shallow water table. In the collapse events, an important role is possibly played by seismic shaking.
Geomorphological Characteristics of the Italian Side of Canin Massif (Julian Alps) using Digital Terrain Analysis and Field Observations
Authors: Telbisz Tamás , Mari László , Szabó Lénárd
Published: February 2016

In this paper, by the example of Canin Massif, it is demonstrated, how GIS-techniques can be used for the study of high mountain karst terrains. In case of Canin, elevation and slope histograms show characteristic differences in plateau levels and landforming processes between the northern, western and southern sectors of the mountains. Ridge and valley map (derived from the digital elevation model) and thalweg analysis are used to recognize drainage reorganizations north of the Italian Canin plateau. Potential snow accumulation locations and nunataks are determined based mainly on the slope map. Geomorphological sketch maps and statistical analysis of closed depressions are also carried out in this study supporting the relatively young age of superficial karstification and the strong structural impact. Finally, it is concluded, that quantitative and visual capabilities of GIS are useful in discriminating the effects of glacial, fluvial, structural and karst processes.
Application of sequential trend analysis for discharge characterisation of Vipava karstic springs, Slovenia
Authors: Pavlič Urška , Brenčič Mihael
Published: February 2016

The discharge of Vipava springs and precipitation data of their recharge area have been statistically analyzed and presented in this paper to provide some additional insight into the hydrological regime of the aquifer. Monotone and sequential trends have been evaluated and interpreted based on a 45-year data measurement period between 1960 and 2004. The springs have a typical karstic regime with short-term periods of high discharge and long-term periods of mean and low discharge values. The ratio of low, mean and high discharges is about 1:10:100. The majority of the springs’ groundwater comes from precipitation in the recharge area. Supplementation of two different statistical analyses for sequential trend detection was applied to annual decile discharge values (1960–2004) due to the subjectivity of results interpretation. The first method involved the use of rescaled adjusted partial sums (RAPS) and the second non-parametric sequential Mann-Kendall trend detection. The purpose of the investigation was to determine if and to what extent the length and trend line direction of sub-periods differ between different annual decile values of Vipava springs and to what extent decile values are related to annual precipitation. Sequential trend analysis confirmed similarity in hydrological conditions between some neighbouring discharge decile values but not in others. This analysis also showed that the length of sub-periods and their linear trend direction differed with respect to low, mean and high annual decile discharge values.
Mineralogical and chemical characteristics of black coatings in Postojna cave system
Authors: Zupančič Nina , Šebela Stanka , Miler Miloš
Published: February 2016

Mineralogical and chemical analyses of black coatings from two sites in Postojna cave system were studied. Scattered samples were taken from the entrance parts of the cave and from Črna Jama. Thin sections, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM/EDS) were used. Microscopic investigation of thin sections of black coloured material from both locations revealed that the main material is carbonate – calcite, with evenly dispersed prevailingly minute opaque black grains. The XRD analysis on samples from both locations confirmed just a presence of calcite with minor quartz and dolomite, excluding Mn and Fe oxides or apatite-group minerals as reason for black colouring. The SEM/EDS analysis of samples from the entrance parts of Postojna cave system was consistent with XRD analysis, which did not show any Mn oxides. The high content of C measured in the black coatings from the cave entrance parts indicates organic C, which deposited on the cave walls at time of the petrol explosion during WW2. We can attribute black coatings from Črna Jama to one form of organic C as well, but it is certainly different from the one in the entrance parts of Postojna cave system. As in Črna Jama no other evidence indicates for old human inhabitation of the place: torches of first tourists are a more probable origin of charcoal. On both locations black coatings can be at least partly described by microclimate conditions at cave entrances, which caused the deposition of organic material of allogenic origin (for example soot due to the forest fires).
Karren on laminar calcarenitic rock of Lagoa Santa (Minas Gerais, Brazil)
Authors: Knez Martin , Slabe Tadej , Panisset Travassos Luiz Eduardo
Published: February 2016

The form of the karren is dictated by the horizontal laminated beds and fissuring. They are dissected by characteristic rock forms that are traces of their development and current shaping. The permeable contacts between laminae and the vertical fissuring of the rock fostered a distinctive three-dimensional development of karren and with it unique forms.
Development of a Specific Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay to Monitor Chlorella DNA: A Case Study from Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, USA
Authors: Fowler Richard F.
Published: February 2016

Estimates of phytoplankton abundance are important parameters watched by stewards of water quality and freshwater ecology in rivers, streams, and reservoirs. A targeted phytoplankton assay for Chlorella DNA was developed to estimate the abundance of the predominant species of green algae in surface waters of Mammoth Cave National Park (MACA) in Kentucky, USA. The phytoplankton community in the Green River in MACA has been shown to consist of 95% Chlorella sp. (Wullschlegger et al., 2003). Chlorella 18S rRNA gene sequences were amplified and quantified using Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) with primers specific for the family Chlorellaceae in the class Trebouxiophyceae, order Chlorellales. Concentrations of Chlorella DNA in river water samples were measured by comparison to a standard curve generated by DNA extracted from a live laboratory culture of C. vulgaris. DNA isolated from other sources including bacteria, amoebae, fungi, decapods, insects, cave sediment, and a different green alga, Chlamydomonas, produced no PCR products and thus did not interfere with the detection and quantification of Chlorella DNA. The assay proved quantitative over more than four orders of magnitude with a method detection limit (MDL) of approximately 2.3 x104 cells/L. Presence or absence of Chlorella DNA could be demonstrated at concentrations ten to 100 times lower than the calculated MDL. Chlorella was detected in lampenflora samples from three tourist trails, and Chlorella was absent from sediment samples off tourist trails that were known to contain high concentrations of bacterial DNA. Demonstration of the utility of the technique was illustrated by a case study in Mammoth Cave National Park to determine Chlorella concentrations at various sampling sites of karst surface streams where invasive zebra mussels are a threat to native species.
Karstification in the Cuddapah Sedimentary Basin, Southern India: Implications for Groundwater Resources
Authors: Dar Farooq Ahmad , Perrin Jerome , Riotte Jean , Gebauer Herbert Daniel , Narayana Allu Chinna , Shakeel Ahmed
Published: February 2016

The Cuddapah sedimentary basin extends over a significant part of the southern part of Andhra Pradesh State, Southern India. Proterozoic carbonate rocks in the basin are constituted by as three main units- the Vempalle dolomite, the Narji and Koilkuntla limestones. These carbonate rocks are of strategic importance for local communities as they provide the main water source for irrigation and domestic use and they are also intensively quarried for cement production and building stones. It is therefore, of primary importance to assess to which extent these carbonate units are karstified so as to provide recommendations for appropriate land and water resource management. The field investigations carried out indicate that these carbonate units are significantly karstified and karstification has been an ongoing process with several phases under variable climatic conditions. As a result, a significant part of aquifer recharge occurs as point-recharge through swallow-holes and groundwater flow is channelized by conduit networks which emerge at karst springs. Karst development was possibly more active during past humid conditions; however karstification is still an ongoing process under the present semi-arid climate especially in the favorable case where karst drains the runoff issued from upstream quartzitic hills. The karstic nature of these carbonate units need to be integrated in future research and development programmes to avoid practices that may lead to unexpected collapses, reservoir leaks, inaccurate groundwater budgeting, etc.
Multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UVAs) and high-resolution compact digital cameras: a promising new method for monitoring changes to surface karst resources
Authors: Ramsey Carolyn , Griffiths Paul A. , Stokes Timothy R.
Published: February 2016

In the course of doctoral research, the authors required a quick and accurate means of documenting the real-time state of surface karst features at a variety of scales in remote and challenging field conditions. The main difficulty was finding an aerial platform that was 1) consistently effective; 2) versatile; and 3) relatively inexpensive. High resolution vertical images obtained during recreational use of a small multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) seemed to have the potential to answer this need. Using five case studies, the authors examine the potential of these images for mapping, documenting, and monitoring changes to surface karst resources following forestry-related activities in the coastal temperate rainforest of British Columbia (B.C.). Possible applications, strengths and limitations of this technology are discussed. The authors conclude that mini quadcopter UAVs equipped with high-resolution compact digital cameras are a promising and cost-effective new tool for karst scientists and karst managers.
Occurrence of anurans in brazilian caves
Authors: Matavelli Rodrigo , Martins Campos Aldenise , Neves Feio Renato , Lopes Ferreira Rodrigo
Published: February 2016

Brazil has the greatest diversity of anurans and also one of the greatest speleological patrimonies in the world. However, informations about anurans in Brazilian caves including different biomes and lithologies are scarce. This study sampled 223 caves divided into different biomes (Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga, Cerrado and transition area) and lithologies (Conglomerate, Granite, Iron-ore, Limestone, Marble, Quartzite, and Sandstone) distributed in eleven Brazilian states. To determine the anuran composition (presence/absence), a single sampling event was conducted in each cave by a team of three researchers in the period 1999−2011, following acoustic and visual search methods. We recorded 54 species distributed 18 genera and 11 families. The caves in the Amazon biome had the highest number of species, followed by caves present in the Cerrado, Caatinga, transition area (Atlantic Forest and Cerrado) and the Atlantic Forest. The caves in the Iron-ore lithology had the highest number of species, followed by the Limestone, Sandstone, Quartzite, Granite, Marble and Conglomerate caves. The anurans proved to be very diverse in Brazilian caves, with this high species richness related to the large amount of biomes and lithologies sampled. The family Leiuperidae had the highest richness and the species Scinax fuscovarius the highest frequency of occurrence in the caves. Also recorded were tadpoles and immature forms inside caves suggesting that not all the species are accidental, and that some species may be using these environments for shelter, protection, food and, even reproduction.
Hydrochemical variations of the springs on Jinfo Mountain, Chongqing, China
Authors: Qiong Xiao , Licheng Shen , Kunyu Wu
Published: February 2016

There are 18 springs within the Jinfo Mountain area of Chongqing, SW China (of which 10 epikarst springs are within the National Nature Reserve, and 4 epikarst springs and 4 non-epikarst springs are outside the National Nature Reserve). The hydrochemical characteristics of these springs were measured in 1977, 2004-2009, and 2011. The data show that the hydrochemistry type of springs in different areas, and for different years, is Ca-HCO3 and Ca-HCO3-SO4, whereas the concentrations of SO4 and NO3 are very sensitive to changes in human activities. All the springs with the highest SO4 and NO3 concentrations in the study area showed minimum concentrations in 1977 and an upward trend in concentrations from 2004 to 2008, followed by a period of lower concentrations. Springs with low SO4 and NO3 concentrations were distributed solely at the top of Jinfo Mountain in the National Nature Reserve. The hydrochemical variations observed in springs on Jinfo Mountain demonstrate that the implementation of environmental policy measures and industrial restructuring have successfully contributed to environmental protection of the springs.
Karren of the Kamenjak Hum (Dalmatian Karst, Croatia); from the initial dissection of flat surfaces by rain to rocky points
Authors: Knez Martin , Rubinić Josip , Slabe Tadej , Šegina Ela
Published: February 2016

Rock relief is an important trace of the formation and development of karst phenomena on various carbonate rock. The existing current state is usually in a rich and diverse stage of homogeneous or heterogeneous development. The various forms of rock relief represent different ways and conditions a karst phenomenon formed and the developmental levels under the same conditions and with the same factors. Research into the connections between different developmental models is therefore necessary. Over time, not only rock relief but also rock forms begin to merge with one another. We are looking at the initial period of the development of a thick rock strata due to rain. On gently sloping rock strata, which tend to disintegrate at the edges, especially when they are inclined downwards, characteristic rock relief forms on the flat surfaces of larger planes, initially due to rainwater and sheets of creeping water and later through three-dimensional dissection and primarily the direct action of rainwater.Škraplje huma Kamenjak (Dalmatinski kras, Hrvaška); od začetnega obdobja členjenja ravnih površin z dežjem do skalnih konicSkalni relief je pomembna sled načina oblikovanja in razvoja kraških pojavov na različnih karbonatnih kamninah. Je pa zatečeno, trenutno stanje v največkrat bogatem in pestrem oblikovnem enovrstnem ali večvrstnem razvoju. Različna oblika skalnega reliefa torej predstavlja različne načine in razmere oblikovanja kraškega pojava in razvojne stopnje znotraj istih razmer in z istimi dejavniki. Zatorej je neobhodno proučevanje znotraj povezav v različne razvojne modele. Ne samo skalni relief, temveč tudi skalne oblike same se skozi čas prelivajo ena v drugo. Pred nami je začetno obdobje razvoja debelih skladov kamnine z dežjem. Na položnih skladih kamnine, ki na robovih, zlasti nagnjenih navzdol razpadajo, na njihovih ravnih površinah večjih ploskev pa se sprva z deževnico in s ploskovno polzečo vodo in nato s trirazsežnim razčlenjevanjem in predvsem neposrednim delovanjem deževnice oblikuje značilen skalni relief. Iz skalnih oblik, ki ga tvorijo, je moč natančno razbrati najbolj značilna obdobja razvoja škrapelj z odločilnimi dejavniki njihovega oblikovanja.
A simple diagnostic model to estimate total sink recharge based on dye tracing experiments
Authors: Liu Hong , Li Guangquan
Published: February 2016

Dye tracing experiments are an active, effective and promising approach to investigate karst aquifers. In this paper, we develop a simple diagnostic model for calculating total recharge of sinks using dye tracing results. The conceptual model is that all sinks are convergent to a major conduit which then branches into several conduits and finally to several springs. Under the assumption that advection is dominant over dispersion at springs, breakthrough curve at a single spring can be used to calculate total recharge. The model is advantageous in that for such a conduit network, it is not necessary to measure breakthrough curves at all springs. Then the model with two dye tracing experiments is used to infer the conduit network in a karst aquifer in Luxi, southwest China. This paper represents a preliminary effort aiming to using dye tracing results to calculate the total recharge of sinks and infer the network of conduits.Preprost model izračuna celokupnega napajanja kraškega sistema na osnovi sledilne krivuljeSledenje podzemnih voda z umetnimi barvili je učinkovita tehnika raziskav kraških vodonosnikov. V članku razvijemo enostaven model za izračun celokupnega napajanja ponorov iz rezultatov sledenj. Model predpostavlja, da se voda, ki v sistem vstopa skozi več ponornih točk, najprej združi v glavnem prevodniku in kasneje razteka na več izvirov. Če predpostavimo prevladujoč advekcijski prenos sledila, lahko celokupen dotok v sistem izračunamo iz sledilne krivulje enega samega izvira. Model uporabimo pri obravnavi dveh sledenj na območju Luxi v JZ Kitajski. V članku predstavimo prve rezultate raziskav, s katerimi na osnovi sledenj poskušamo določiti celotni dotok v kraški sistem in sklepati o geometriji mreže kraških kanalov.
Staging in the hypergene transformation of sulphate and carbonate rocks (based on slide-rocks under organ tubes in Kungur Ice Cave)
Authors: Kadebskaya Olga , Tchaikovskiy Ilya
Published: February 2016

The article describes the influence of microclimate on the constitution of talus cone deposits in the grottoes of Kungur Ice Cave. Deposits of slide-rocks collapsed from «organ tubes» in different climatic zones of the cave were investigated. It was established that slide-rock material has identical initial composition, but is transformed in different ways depending on the microclimate in which it is deposited. In the cold zone of the cave, with temperatures below 0 °C control («freeze») the transformation of carbonate and sulphate materials. The main processes of mineral formation in cold zone are connected with cryogenic mineralization from sulphate and carbonate waters. Slide-rocks in the transition zone of the cave, where temperatures range from 0 °C to 3 °C, are distinguished by the presence of authigenic carbonate breccias and a variety of gypsum forms. In the warm zone of the cave, slide-rock undergoes complete dissolution of gypsum and partial dissolution of carbonate debris. In the future changes of paleoclimatic conditions in the karst cavity can be identified by investigation of deposits that are climatic markers.Vpogled v hipergeno preobrazbo sulfatnih in karbonatnih kamnin (temelječ na polzečih odlomkih kamnine pod »orgelskimi cevmi« v Kungurski ledeni jami)Članek opisuje vpliv mikroklime na oblikovanje talusnega stožca v rovih Kongurske ledene jame. Preiskovani so bili polzeči nakopičeni odlomki kamnine, ki so odpadli iz sten tako imenovanih »orgelskih cevi« v različnih klimatskih območjih jame. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da ima polzeči material enako začetno sestavo, vendar se preoblikuje na različne načine, odvisno od mikroklime v kateri se nalaga. V hladnih delih jame, temperature pod 0 °C kontrolirajo (zmrzovanje) preoblikovanje karbonatnih in sulfatnih materialov. Glavni procesi nastajanja mineralov v mrzlih območjih so povezani s kriogeno mineralizacijo iz sulfatnih in karbonatih vod. Polzeče odlomke kamnine v prehodnih delih jame, kjer temperature nihajo med 0 °C do 3 °C, zaznamujejo prisotnost avtigenih karbonatnih breč in raznolike oblike sadre. V toplih delih jame, so polzeči odlomki kamnine podvrženi popolni raztopitvi sadrinih in delni raztopitvi karbonatnih klastov. V prihodnosti se bo lahko zaznavalo spremembe mikroklime v kraških jamah z raziskavami talusnih sedimentov, ki so odlični klimatski markerji.
The neogene-quaternary evolution of the karst landscape of the Veszprém plateau based on the study of Meggyespuszta paleodoline, Hungary
Authors: Trájer Attila János , Hammer Tamás , Mlinárik Lilla , Bede-Fazekas Ákos , Padisák Judit
Published: February 2016

The development and the geological activity of the Meggyespuszta paleodoline in Hungary were reconsidered in the light of new findings and review of complex stratigraphic and morphological results. Methods included geomorphological modeling, field geological re-surveys of the data from the existing boreholes and study of the sediments of a newly drilled borehole. Three main phases of the topography evolution were determined: (1) a presumably Early-Middle Neogene primer karstification period, (2) a Late Neogene-Early Quaternary partial charging with typical terrestrial red clay and dolomite silt sediments, (3) and the covering of the paleodoline with loess and loess-based soil cover during the Quaternary. While the south erosion valley was formed likely during Pliocene-Early Pleistocene period, the young, Holocene gullies were found only in the North and East part of the paleodoline. The rearrangement of rainwater course directions could be the consequence of the thinning of the loess sediment from North to South due to the wetter climatic conditions of the Holocene. Based on the oxidized filling sediments, the lack of peat or other lacustrine deposits and the low water content of the sediments above the bedrock, it was concluded that Meggyespuszta paleodoline is one of the largest still active sinkhole in the Transdanubian Range. Neogensko-kvartalni razvoj kraškega površja planote Veszprém na osnovi raziskav paleovrtače Meggyespuszta, MadžarskaNa osnovi novih stratigrafskih in morfoloških raziskav orišemo geološki razvoj in funkcijo paleovrtače Meggyespuszta. Metode vključujejo geomorfološko modeliranje ter geološko kartiranje in obdelavo podatkov vrtin. Razvoj topografije vrtače delimo v tri faze: 1) začetno obdobje zakrasevanja v zgodnjem in srednjem neogenu, 2) pozno neogensko in zgodnje kvartarno polnjenje z rdečo glino in dolomitnim meljem, 3) pokrivanje paleovrtače s puhlico in z njo povezano prstjo v kvartarju. Erozijske doline so se oblikovale v pliocenu in zgodnjem pleistocenu, holocenski erozijski jarki pa le v severnem in vzhodnem delu vrtače. Prerazporeditev smeri odtekanja deževnice je verjetno posledica tanjšanja puhlice v smeri sever-jug zaradi vlažnejšega holocenskega podnebja. Glede na prisotnost oksidiranih sedimentov, odsotnost šote in drugih jezerskih sedimentov ter majhno vsebnost vode v sedimentih nad matično kamnino, sklepamo, da je Meggyespuszta ena največjih aktivnih vrtač v Transdonavskem hribovju.
La réciprocité comme déterminant de l’espace éducatif : le care permet-il de repenser l’éducation politique à la liberté ?
Authors: Charbonnier Sébastien
Published: February 2016

À l’aune des théories du care, cet article propose une critique de l’intérêt du concept moral d’autonomie pour penser l’éducation politique à la liberté. Dans une perspective déterministe, il s’inscrit au sein d’une anthropologie attentive à notre vulnérabilité et notre fragilité au sein des interdépendances qui nous forment et nous transforment. Dès lors, devient central l’apprentissage de la réciprocité dans les échanges : d’un côté, activités de soin (care giving), d’attention (caring of) et de responsabilité (taking care of), de l’autre la capacité à écouter et recevoir (care receiving). S’éduquer à la liberté politique, c’est donc apprendre à s’occuper les uns des autres, notamment à se parler et à s’écouter : ce qui peut paraître un truisme n’est pas évident du tout puisque cela exige, de manière radicale, l’égalité épistémique et déontique entre apprenants et enseignants – qui deviennent des rôles mobiles. L’objectif de cet article est de prendre au sérieux ce que signifie la réciprocité du care si on la place au cœur de l’éducation politique des individus.
Le care en éducation : aspects institutionnels et politiques
Authors: Monjo Roger
Published: February 2016

Dans un premier temps, il s’agit de situer les théories du care dans un contexte marqué par les critiques adressées aux théories de la justice d’inspiration contractualiste (kantiennes) afin de déterminer leur statut par rapport à ces dernières : une véritable alternative ou un moyen de les infléchir en les complétant ? C’est plutôt cette deuxième voie qui, en maintenant la référence au politique, en donnant aux questions éthiques soulevées par les théories du care une portée politique, permettra d’éviter les dérives compassionnelles et paternalistes qui menacent ces théories. Dans un deuxième temps, c’est la question de l’application possible de ces approches au champ de l’éducation scolaire qui est abordée. Sur un mode essentiellement propédeutique, dans la mesure où il s’agit, ici, principalement, d’identifier les obstacles qui empêcheraient cette application de produire des effets réellement positifs, émancipateurs et socialement progressistes.
Le care en éducation et la posture éthique de l’enseignant : une place pour la valeur-actitude altruisme ?
Authors: Terraz Tommy
Published: February 2016

Notre propos, en éthique normative, consiste à montrer en quoi l’approche du care en éducation passe avant tout par la posture éthique de l’enseignant, en tant que pourvoyeur de care. Dans ses fondements, le courant du care présente de grandes forces, mais aussi certaines carences à dépasser. L’article consiste à penser l’articulation entre la sensibilité au particulier défendue par les éthiques du care et l’universalisme abstrait des morales déontologiques et conséquentialistes. Nous proposons de manière réflexive un modèle particulier : une Ethique de l’enseignant d’Inspiration Vertuiste et dirigée vers la Valeur-Actitude Altruisme (EIVVAA) en vue de l’émergence de l’élève comme personne. Au-delà des oppositions classiques autonomie/dépendance, sollicitude/justice, relativisme minimaliste/moralisme abusif, cette approche vertuiste réactualisée se veut équilibrée. Plus encore, elle serait la condition de possibilité du care en éducation dans la mesure où il importe que l’enseignant, en amont, choisisse en conscience et raison de s’exercer à la valeur-actitude altruisme afin d’être capable de véritablement prendre soin de l’autre.
La réception d’un savoir de l’attention dans les contes merveilleux
Authors: Hétier Renaud
Published: February 2016

Deux difficultés majeures peuvent être relevées, en éducation et en formation, du point de vue de l’attention. Capter et fixer l’attention sur des objets de savoir et des objets de culture, d’une part, faire attention à autrui, en prendre soin, d’autre part. Or, c’est peut-être la dissociation de ces deux formes d’attention qui pose problème. Dans cette optique, un dispositif culturel, comme celui du contage, qui fait converger l’attention à « quelque chose » et l’attention à quelqu’un, un dispositif qui prend soin de celui – l’auditeur – dont l’attention est sollicitée peut être source d’inspiration. La qualité de cette convergence sera d’ailleurs mise en évidence par la présentation d’un conte merveilleux. À partir de cette description, c’est la pédagogie en général qui pourra être interrogée, dans sa capacité à créer des espaces d’expérience, y compris fictionnelles, dans lesquels des êtres de différentes nature peuvent être rencontrés et éprouvés, leur vie d’êtres virtuels et fictionnels suspendues à la fois à des péripéties et à notre propre écoute, notre propre capacité à leur donner vie et à prendre soin.
Will the “Phisher-Men” Reel You In?
Authors: Welk Allaire K. , Hong Kyung Wha , Zielinska Olga A. , Tembe Rucha , Murphy-Hill Emerson , Mayhorn Christopher B.
Published: February 2016

Phishing is an act of technology-based deception that targets individuals to obtain information. To minimize the number of phishing attacks, factors that influence the ability to identify phishing attempts must be examined. The present study aimed to determine how individual differences relate to performance on a phishing task. Undergraduate students completed a questionnaire designed to assess impulsivity, trust, personality characteristics, and Internet/security habits. Participants performed an email task where they had to discriminate between legitimate emails and phishing attempts. Researchers assessed performance in terms of correctly identifying all email types (overall accuracy) as well as accuracy in identifying phishing emails (phishing accuracy). Results indicated that overall and phishing accuracy each possessed unique trust, personality, and impulsivity predictors, but shared one significant behavioral predictor. These results present distinct predictors of phishing susceptibility that should be incorporated in the development of anti-phishing technology and training.
Analysis of Speech Imagery using Functional and Effective EEG based Brain Connectivity Parameters
Authors: Chengaiyan Sandhya , Anandhan Kavitha
Published: February 2016

Speech imagery is a form of mental imagery which refers to the activity of talking to oneself in silence. In this paper, EEG coherence, a functional connectivity parameter is calculated to analyze the concurrence of the different regions of the brain and Effective connectivity parameters such as Partial Directed Coherence (PDC), Directed Transfer Function (DTF) and Information theory based parameter Transfer Entropy (TE) are estimated to find the direction and strength of the connectivity patterns of the given speech imagery task. It has been observed from the results that by using functional and effective connectivity parameters the left frontal lobe electrodes was found to be high during speech production and left temporal lobe electrodes was found to be high while imagining the word silently in the brain due to the proximity of the electrodes to the Broca's and Wernicke's area respectively. The results suggest that the proposed methodology is a promising non-invasive approach to study directional connectivity in the brain between mutually interconnected neural populations.
A Role-Permission Assignment Method of RBAC Involved Conflicting Constraints under E-CARGO
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Yang , Zhu Jingxin , Liu Dongning , Teng Shaohua , Zhu Haibin
Published: February 2016

Multi-agent systems are historically one of the most crucial problems and now become an important topic in cognitive theory. In the view of ontology theory, multi-agent systems are usually related to roles and agents are the executors of roles. We investigate an improved multi-agent system by solving the RBAC role-permission assignment problem with conflicting constrains in this paper, under the E-CARGO model that provides the formalization, the description of conflicts and the algorithms used in this paper. Simulation experiments with comprehensive consideration can verify the correctness of our method.
A Fuzzy-Based Approach to Support Decision Making in Complex Military Environments
Authors: Hanratty Timothy P. , Newcomb E. Allison , Hammell II Robert J. , Richardson John T. , Mittrick Mark R.
Published: February 2016

Data for military intelligence operations are increasing at astronomical rates. As a result, significant cognitive and temporal resources are required to determine which information is relevant to a particular situation. Soft computing techniques, such as fuzzy logic, have recently been applied toward decision support systems to support military intelligence analysts in selecting relevant and reliable data within the military decision making process. This article examines the development of one such system and its evaluation using a constructive simulation and human performance model to provided critical understanding of how this conceptual information system might interact with personnel, organizational, and system architectures. In addition, similarities between military intelligence analysts and cyber intelligence analysts are detailed along with a plan for transitioning the current fuzzy-based system to the cyber security domain.
Open Fuzzy Synchronized Petri Net
Authors: Kouah Sofia , Saïdouni Djamel Eddine , Kitouni Ilham
Published: February 2016

Designing Multi agent systems needs a high-level specification model which supports abstraction, dynamicity, openness and enables fuzziness. Since the model of Synchronized Petri Nets supports dynamicity and abstraction, we extend it by fuzziness, openness and interaction with environment. The proposed model called Open Fuzzy Synchronized Petri Nets (OFSyPN for short) associates action name with transitions and enables openness feature and interaction with environment. Each action has an uncertainty degree and places are typed. The authors give an operational semantics for OFSyPN in terms of Fuzzy Labeled Transition System (FLTS for short). FLTS is a semantics model, which allows a concise action refinement representation and deals with incomplete information through its fuzziness representation. Furthermore the structure can be used to produce a tree of potential concurrent design trajectories, named fuzzy labeled transition refinement tree (FLTRT for short). We exemplify the OFSyPN model thought a case study.
Research on Fault Diagnosis Method Using Improved Multi-Class Classification Algorithm and Relevance Vector Machine
Authors: Wu Kun , Kang Jianshe , Chi Kuo
Published: February 2016

In view of the problems in traditional fault diagnosis method, such as small samples and nonlinear relations, a fault diagnosis method based on improved multi-class classification algorithm and relevance vector machine (RVM) is proposed in the paper. Through improving the majority-vote strategy of traditional One-Against-One (OAO) algorithm and combining the features of OAO and One-Against-Rest (OAR) algorithms, the k-class classification problem is transformed into k(k-1)/2 three-class classification problems based on the proposed majority-vote strategy of double-layer and thereby an improved multi-class classification algorithm of One-Against-One-Against-Rest (OAOAR) is presented. And on each three-class classification issue, OAO and RVM as the binary classifier are adopted to achieve the multi-class classification of RVM. Numerical simulations of UCI datasets and fault diagnostic experiments results of power transformers both demonstrate that the proposed method performs significantly better than other traditional methods in terms of increasing the diagnostic accuracy, optimizing the voting results, strengthening the diagnostic confidence and identifying the hidden classes, and has more practical value in engineering.
ICT Use and Multidisciplinary Healthcare Teams in the Age of e-Health
Authors: Olaniran Bolanle A.
Published: February 2016

This paper explores ICTs in the medical field specifically in the Multidisciplinary teams (MDTMs) in healthcare settings. The discussion offers benefits and disadvantages of ICTs along with implications for teams' communication and interaction. The paper also provides a few formidable challenges facing MTDMs while offering suggestions on how to overcome them in an attempt to fully experience and utilize technologies in an effective manner. Finally the paper presents areas for future research given the fact that ICT use in MTDMs will only continue to grow as e-health becomes the norm in patients care and healthcare delivery. In an attempt to accomplish these goals, Retchin's (2008) conceptual framework for inter-professional and co-managed care will be used. Retchin's framework considers the impact of temporality, urgency of care, and structure of authority. Specifically, this framework focuses on how information communication technologies can impact overall patient health care and delivery. In conclusion, the author provides guidelines and recommendations for how physicians and other health practitioners can use technologies to work with each other are provided.
Parallel GPU-based Plane-Sweep Algorithm for Construction of iCPI-Trees
Authors: Andrzejewski Witold , Boinski Pawel
Published: February 2016

This article tackles the problem of efficient construction of iCPI trees, frequently used in co-location pattern discovery in spatial databases. It discusses the methods for parallelization of iCPI-tree construction and plane-sweep algorithms used in state-of-the-art algorithms for co-location pattern mining. The main contribution of this paper is threefold: (1) a general algorithm for parallel iCPI-tree construction is presented, (2) two variants of parallel plane-sweep algorithm (which can be used in conjunction with the aforementioned iCPI-tree construction algorithm) are introduced and (3) all three algorithms are implemented on CUDA GPU platform and their performance is tested against an efficient multithreaded parallel implementation of iCPI-tree construction on CPU. Experiments prove that our solutions allow for large speedups over CPU version of the algorithm. This paper is an extension of the conference paper (Andrzejewski & Boinski, 2014).
Considering User Intention in Differential Graph Queries
Authors: Vasilyeva Elena , Thiele Maik , Bornhövd Christof , Lehner Wolfgang
Published: February 2016

Empty answers are a major problem by processing pattern matching queries in graph databases. Especially, there can be multiple reasons why a query failed. To support users in such situations, differential queries can be used that deliver missing parts of a graph query. Multiple heuristics are proposed for differential queries, which reduce the search space. Although they are successful in increasing the performance, they can discard query subgraphs relevant to a user. To address this issue, the authors extend the concept of differential queries and introduce top-k differential queries that calculate the ranking based on users' preferences and significantly support the users' understanding of query database management systems. A user assigns relevance weights to elements of a graph query that steer the search and are used for the ranking. In this paper the authors propose different strategies for selection of relevance weights and their propagation. As a result, the search is modelled along the most relevant paths. The authors evaluate their solution and both strategies on the DBpedia data graph.
Species diversity regarding the presence of proximal tubular progenitor cells of the kidney
Authors: Hansson J. , Ericsson A.E. , Axelson H. , Johansson M.E.
Published: February 2016

The cellular source for tubular regeneration following kidney injury is a matter of dispute, with reports suggesting a stem or progenitor cells as the regeneration source while linage tracing studies in mice seemingly favor the classical theory, where regeneration is performed by randomly surviving cells. We, and others have previously described a scattered cell population localized to the tubules of human kidney, which increases in number following injury. Here we have characterized the species distribution of these proximal tubular progenitor cells (PTPCs) in kidney tissue from chimpanzee, pig, rat and mouse using a set of human PTPC markers. We detected PTPCs in chimpanzee and pig kidneys, but not in mouse tissue. Also, subjecting mice to the unilateral urethral obstruction model, caused clear signs of tubular injury, but failed to induce the PTPC phenotype in renal tubules.
Outcomes of adult medulloblastoma treated with a multimodality approach: A tertiary cancer center experience
Authors: Mallick Supriya , Gandhi Ajeet Kumar , Benson Rony , Sharma Daya Nand , Haresh Kunhi Parambath , Gupta Subhash , Julka Pramod Kumar , Rath Goura Kisor
Published: February 2016

Objectives: Adult medulloblastoma (AMB) is a rare central nervous system tumor. We aimed to analyze the treatment outcomes of AMB treated at our institute with surgery followed by craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the treatment charts of 31 patients of AMB treated from 2003-2011. The patient demography, treatment details and survival data were collected in a predesigned proforma. Kaplan Meier method was used to analyze disease free survival (DFS) and the impact of prognostic factors was determined by univariate analysis (log rank test). Results: Male: Female ratio was 21:10. Cerebrospinal fluid dissemination was noted in 16% cases. CSI (36 Gray at 1.8 Gray/fraction to entire neuraxis and 20 Gray at 2 Gray/fraction boost to posterior fossa) was used in all cases. 26 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy (carboplatin plus etoposide). Median follows up was 26.85 months (9.47-119.73 months). The estimated 3 and 5 years DFS was found to be 84.9% and 50.7% respectively. On univariate analysis, tumor located laterally had a trend towards better DFS (HR 3.04; 95%CI 0.722 to 12.812; P = 0.07) compared to midline tumors. Other factors like adjuvant chemotherapy, age, gender, surgical extent had no statistically significant impact on survival. Conclusion: The results of our study (largest series from India) show that the regimen of surgery, adjuvant CSI and chemotherapy is feasible and confers descent survival. AMB patients should be treated with a multimodality approach in a tertiary care centre.
Role of iron chelation in improving survival: An integral part of current therapy for myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Taran Sachi Jain , Taran Rakesh
Published: February 2016

This review article highlights the current role of iron chelation in MDS to optimize survival and quality of life. Its role in specific subtypes of MDS is also discussed.
Sets of $\beta$-expansions and the Hausdorff measure of slices through fractals
Authors: Kempton Tom
Published: February 2016

We study natural measures on sets of

\beta

-expansions and on slices through self similar sets. In the setting of

\beta

-expansions, these allow us to better understand the measure of maximal entropy for the random

\beta

-transformation and to reinterpret a result of Lindenstrauss, Peres and Schlag in terms of equidistribution. Each of these applications is relevant to the study of Bernoulli convolutions. In the fractal setting this allows us to understand how to disintegrate Hausdorff measure by slicing, leading to conditions under which almost every slice through a self similar set has positive Hausdorff measure, generalising long known results about almost everywhere values of the Hausdorff dimension.