bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protect the recurrent laryngeal nerves in US-guided microwave ablation of thyroid nodules at Zuckerkandl tubercle: a pilot study
Authors: Hu Ziyue , Wang Lu , Lu Man , Yang Wei , Wu Xiaobo , Xu Jinshun , Zhuang Min , Wang Shishi
Published: February 2024

Background

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of US-guided microwave ablation in patients with thyroid nodules at Zuckerkandl tubercle.

Methods

103 consecutive patients with thyroid nodules at Zuckerkandl tubercle (ZTTN) were enrolled in this study from November 2017 to August 2021. Prior to the surgery or US-guided microwave ablation (MWA), preoperative ultrasound visualization of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and ZTTN was performed, the size and the position relationship between them were observed. Patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after MWA and the volume reduction rates (VRR) of the thyroid nodules were analyzed.

Results

All patients successfully had the RLN and ZTTN detected using ultrasound before surgery or ablation with a detection rate of 100%. For the 103 patients, the majority of ZTTN grades were categorized as grade 2, with the distance from the farthest outside of ZTTN to the outer edge of thyroid ranging between 6.0 and 10.0 mm. The position relationship between ZTTN and RLN was predominantly type A in 98 cases, with type D observed in 5 cases. After MWA, the median nodule volume had significantly decreased from 4.61 (2.34, 8.70) ml to 0.42 (0.15, 1.41) ml and the VRR achieved 84.36 ± 13.87% at 12 months. No nodules regrew throughout the 12-month follow-up period. Of the 11 patients experienced hoarseness due to RLN entrapment before ablation, 7 recovered immediately after separation of the RLN and ZTTN during MWA, 2 recovered after one week, and the other 2 recovered after two months.

Conclusions

The RLN is closely related to ZTTN and mainly located at the back of ZTTN. The RLN can be separated from ZTTN by hydrodissection during MWA. US-guided MWA is a safe and effective treatment for ZTTN.
Differences in anterior chamber depth in keratoconus patients with binocular very asymmetry ectasia
Authors: Wang Zizhen , Ma Haowen , Zhang Yu , Yuan Yifei , Liu Yan , Chen Yueguo
Published: February 2024

Background

To evaluate the difference in anterior chamber depth (ACD) between two eyes among keratoconus patients with binocular very asymmetric ectasia (VAE) and to explore the influencing factors.

Methods

The corneal curvature and ACD in both eyes of patients with VAE were measured by Sirius (version 3.2, CSO, Italy) at the following points: corneal vertex, maximum curvature (apex), and the 1.5 mm, 2.5 mm, and 3.5 mm superior-, inferior-, nasal-, temporal-paracentral from center. The mean pupil power (MPP) and corneal morphology parameters were also measured. Correlations between ACD and curvature and morphology parameters were analyzed by linear regression.

Results

172 eyes of 86 patients (9 to 45 years) were classified into the VAE-N (n = 86) group and the VAE-E group (n = 86) based on the corneal morphology. The central (3.32 ± 0.27 mm versus 3.43 ± 0.29 mm, P < 0.001) and paracentral ACDs increased significantly in the VAE-E group, and the corneal morphology parameters were also significantly higher. The central ACD was significantly correlated with the MPP (r = 0.465), KVf/b (Keratoconus Vertex front/back) (r = 0.306, r = 0.327), and BCVf/b (Baiocchi Calossi Versaci front/back) (r = 0.356, r = 0.416). Linear regression showed good relationships between △ACD and △MPP (R2 = 0.429) and △KVf/b (R2 = 0.504, R2 = 0.536).

Conclusions

The ACD was larger in the VAE-E group. The difference in ACD between the VAE-E and VAE-N groups was significantly correlated with corneal curvature and the extent of corneal elevation, indicating the influences of both the corneal magnification effect and corneal ectasia on ACD.
Increasing trend in hypertension prevalence among Korean adolescents from 2007 to 2020
Authors: Park Peong Gang , Park Eujin , Kang Hee Gyung
Published: February 2024

Background

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of hypertension in Korean adolescents, its long-term trends, and factors associated with the development of hypertension.

Methods

Data of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2007 to 2020 were combined into three time periods (2007–2011, 2012–2016, and 2017–2020). A total of 11,146 Korean adolescents aged 10–18 were included in the analysis. The definition of hypertension was based on the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for hypertension.

Results

The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 5.47%, 7.85%, and 9.92% in 2007–2011, 2012–2016, and 2017–2020, respectively. Long-term trend analysis using Joinpoint analysis over the observation period showed a significantly increasing trend in hypertension prevalence with a mean annual percentage change of 6.4%. Boys, those aged 13–15, those aged 16–18, overweight/obese, and those living in urban areas were more likely to develop hypertension (OR 1.980, 1.492, 3.180, 2.943, and 1.330, respectively).

Conclusion

The prevalence of hypertension in Korean adolescents was higher than the global prevalence of hypertension and showed an increase over a 13–year period. Targeted strategies for prevention and early detection of hypertension are needed in this population.
Association of the blood levels of specific volatile organic compounds with nonfatal cardio-cerebrovascular events in US adults
Authors: Jing Li , Chen Tiancong , Yang Zhiyong , Dong Weiwei
Published: February 2024

Background

Cardio-cerebrovascular diseases constitute a major global public health burden. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) exposure has become progressively severe, endangering human health and becoming one of the main concerns in environmental pollution. The associations of VOCs exposure with nonfatal cardio-cerebrovascular events have not been identified in observational study with a large sample size, so we aim to examine the association in US adult population.

Methods

Adults aged > 18 years with complete data regarding selected blood levels of VOCs (including benzene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and m-/p-xylene) and nonfatal cardio-cerebrovascular events were included in the analysis (n = 3,968, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES, 2013–2018 survey cycle). Participants were classified into low- and high-exposure based on whether above selected VOCs low limit detect concentration or median value. Weighted multivariate logistic analyses and subgroup analyses were used to detect the association between selected VOCs exposure and nonfatal cardio-cerebrovascular events in US adults.

Results

Weighted multivariate logistic analyses showed that the high-VOCs exposure group had an increased risk of nonfatal cardio-cerebrovascular events compared with the low-VOCs exposure group; the adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of nonfatal cardio-cerebrovascular events for the high-VOCs exposure group were 1.41 (0.91, 2.19), 1.37 (0.96, 1.95), 1.32 (0.96, 1.82), and 1.17 (0.82, 1.67) for benzene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and m-/p-xylene, respectively, which was not significant assuming statistical significance at a 0.05 significance level (95% CI) for a two-tailed test. Lastly, we found high-VOCs exposure was associated with increased incidence of nonfatal cardio-cerebrovascular events in both daily smokers an non-daily smokers (p-interaction > 0.01), but the association was not statistically significant in non-daily smokers.

Conclusions

This study found that VOCs (benzene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and m-/p-xylene) exposure was associated with increased incidence of nonfatal cardio-cerebrovascular events in US adults, and the results need to be confirmed by larger cohort studies.
Joint association of sedentary behavior and physical activity with pulmonary function
Authors: Wang Yiwen , Xie Yujie , Chen Yan , Ding Guodong , Zhang Yongjun
Published: February 2024

Background

Sedentary behavior may influence the respiratory health, but the joint effects of sedentary behavior and physical activity on pulmonary function remains poorly elucidated. We aimed to estimate the association between sedentary behavior and physical activity with pulmonary function.

Methods

A total of 12,343 participants aged 12–79 years were analyzed from the U.S. NHANES 2007–2012. Participants were categorized into 16 groups according to the cross-tabulation of sedentary behavior time (0–4.0, 4.1–8.0, 8.1–12.0, and > 12.0 h/day) and moderate or vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (0, 1–149, 150–299, and ≥ 300 min/week). Generalized linear models were used to test the association of sedentary behavior and MVPA with pulmonary function.

Results

Participants with sedentary behavior > 4.0 h/day were negatively related to FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s) (β ranging from -0.015 to -0.009, p < 0.05). Compared with the reference group (0 min of MVPA and > 12.0 h/day of sedentary behavior), the negative association of sedentary behavior ≤ 8.0 h/day with FEV1 may be reduced through appropriate MVPA (β ranging from 0.019 to 0.030, p < 0.05). For sedentary behavior > 8.0 h/day, even MVPA ≥ 300 min/week may not decrease the negative relationships. Similar results were also observed in FVC (forced vital capacity) (β ranging from 0.018 to 0.030, p < 0.05). In participants aged ≥ 45 years, the associations were more notable.

Conclusion

This study indicated the sedentary behavior ≤ 4.0 h/day was a relatively healthy lifestyle for pulmonary function. Only below 8.0 h/day of sedentary behavior, the negative association with pulmonary function may be reduced through appropriate MVPA.
The state of transience, and its influence on the wish to die of advanced disease patients: insights from a qualitative phenomenological study
Authors: Belar Alazne , Arantzamendi Maria , Larkin Philip , Saralegui Iñaki , Santesteban Yolanda , Alonso Nerea , Martínez Marina , Centeno Carlos
Published: February 2024

Background

The experience of Wish to Die is common in patients living with Advanced Disease. It has been studied worldwide and qualitative studies have contributed to the understanding of the complexity of the phenomenon of the WTD but a deeper understanding on the individual’s views is still needed. The objective of this study was to identify common characteristics of the experience of wish to die in advanced disease.

Methods

A phenomenological study was carried out with multicenter participation of patients with advanced disease who had expressed their wish to die to health professionals. Semi-structured interviews were employed to obtain an in-depth perspective of each patient’s lived experience. A phenomenological analysis of the data collected was performed to describe and explore the characteristic aspects of the phenomenon under study.

Results

Fourteen patients with advanced disease were interviewed. Most of them had cancer. In the analysis of the patients’ accounts of their experiences, three common characteristics were identified: a) experiencing a state of transience; b) the attempt to reconnect with oneself; and c) additional disease-related aspects that influence the wish to die. Patients expressed the need for a safe space to address the wish to die and the importance of receiving care that considers both ‘being’ and ‘doing’.

Conclusions

Patients with advanced disease and wish to die experience a state of transience where the patient lives and ephemeral state of existence. Interventions focused on reinforcing the intrinsic value of the individual emerge as essential components of a compassionate accompaniment of those facing the wish to die.
Effect of early serum phosphate disorder on in-hospital and 28-day mortality in sepsis patients: a retrospective study based on MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Luo Yinghao , Peng Yahui , Tang Yujia , Huang Pengfei , Zhang Qianqian , Wang Chunying , Zhang Weiting , Zhou Jing , Liang Longyu , Zhang YuXin , Yu Kaijiang , Wang Changsong
Published: February 2024

Background

This study aims to assess the influence of early serum phosphate fluctuation on the short-term prognosis of sepsis patients.

Methods

This retrospective study used the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database to analyze serum phosphate levels in sepsis patients within 3 days of ICU admission. According to the absolute value of delta serum phosphate (the maximum value minus the minimum value of serum phosphorus measured within three days), the patients were divided into four groups, 0–1.3, 1.4–2.0, 2.1–3.1, and ≥ 3.2 mg/dl. Meanwhile, the direction of delta serum phosphate was compared. With the serum phosphate change group of 0–1.3 mg/dl as the reference group, the relationship between delta serum phosphate and in-hospital mortality and 28-day mortality was analyzed by multivariate Logistics regression analysis.

Results

The study involved 1375 sepsis patients. Serum phosphate changes (0–1.3, 1.4–2.0, 2.1–3.1, and ≥ 3.2 mg/dl) correlated with in-hospital and 28-day mortality variations (p = 0.005, p = 0.008). Much higher serum phosphate fluctuation elevated in-hospital and 28-day mortality. Compared to the 0–1.3 mg/dl change group, adjusted odds ratios (OR) in other groups for in-hospital mortality were 1.25 (0.86–1.81), 1.28 (0.88–1.86), and 1.63 (1.10–2.43), and for 28-day mortality were 1.21 (0.86–1.72), 1.10 (0.77–1.57), and 1.49 (1.03–2.19). Under the trend of increasing serum phosphate, the ORs of in-hospital mortality and 28-day mortality in ≥ 3.2 mg/dl group were 2.52 and 2.01, respectively.

Conclusion

In conclude, the delta serum phosphate ≥ 3.2 mg/dl was associated with in-hospital mortality and 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis.
Perceived discrimination in health care in Germany– results of a population survey
Authors: von dem Knesebeck Olaf , Klein Jens
Published: February 2024

Background

It has consistently been shown that perceived discrimination is associated with adverse health outcomes. Despite this uncontested relevance, there is a lack of research on the experiences of discrimination in health care. Therefore, the following research questions were addressed: (1) How often do people in Germany report having been discriminated in health care due to different reasons? (2) Which socio-demographic groups are most afflicted by perceived discrimination in health care?

Methods

Analyses are based on a cross-sectional online survey conducted in Germany. An adult population sample was randomly drawn from a panel which was recruited offline (N = 2,201). Respondents were asked whether they have ever been discriminated in health care due to the following reasons: age, sex/gender, racism (i.e. migration history, religion, language problems, colour of skin), health issues or disability (i.e. overweight, mental illness/addiction, disability), socio-economic status (SES, i.e. income, education, occupation).

Results

26.6% of the respondents reported discrimination experiences. Perceived discrimination due to health issues or disability was most frequent (15%), followed by age (9%) and SES (8.9%). Discrimination due to racism and sex/gender was less frequently reported (4.1% and 2.5%). Younger age groups, women, and 2nd generation migrants as well as respondents with low income and low education were more likely to report any kind of discrimination in health care. Two groups were found to be at special risk for reporting discrimination in health care across different reasons: women and younger age groups. Discrimination due to racism was more prevalent among respondents who have immigrated themselves than those who were born in Germany but whose parents have immigrated. Discrimination due to SES was significantly associated with (low) income but not with education.

Conclusions

More than a quarter of the adult population in Germany reported experiences of discrimination in health care. Such experiences were more frequent among lower SES groups, migrants, women, and younger people. Results underline the necessity of interventions to reduce the magnitude and consequences of discrimination in health care. Future studies should apply an intersectional approach to consider interactions between social inequality indicators regarding discrimination and to identify risk groups that are potentially afflicted by multiple discrimination.
Small molecule inhibitor targeting the Hsp70-Bim protein–protein interaction in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer overcomes tamoxifen resistance
Authors: Song Ting , Zhang Hong , Zhao Qicheng , Hu Zhiyuan , Wang Ziqian , Song Yang , Zhang Zhichao
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Estrogen receptor (ER) positive patients compromise about 70% of breast cancers. Tamoxifen, an antagonist of ERα66 (the classic ER), is the most effective and the standard first-line drug. However, its efficacy is limited by the development of acquired resistance.

Methods

A specific inhibitor of Hsp70-Bim protein–protein interaction (PPI), S1g-2, together with an inhibitor of Hsp70-Bag3 PPI, MKT-077 and an ATP-competitive inhibitor VER155008, were used as chemical tools. Cell viability assays, co-immunoprecipitation and gene knockdown were used to investigate the role of Hsp70 in tamoxifen resistance. A xenograft model was established in which tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer (MCF-7/TAM-R) cells maintained in the presence of 5 μM tamoxifen were subcutaneously inoculated. The anti-tumor efficiency of S1g-2 was measured after a daily injection of 0.8 mg/kg for 14 days.

Results

It was revealed that Hsp70-Bim PPI protects ERα-positive breast cancer from tamoxifen-induced apoptosis through binding and stabilizing ERα36, rather than ERα66, resulting in sustained EGFR mRNA and protein expression. Disruption of Hsp70-Bim PPI and downregulation of ERα36 expression in tumor samples are consistent with the in vitro functions of S1g-2, resulting in about a three-fold reduction in tumor volume.

Conclusions

The in vivo activity and safety of S1g-2 illustrated that it is a potential strategy for Hsp70-Bim disruption to overcome tamoxifen-resistant ER-positive breast cancer.
Does somatosensory discrimination therapy alter sensorimotor upper limb function differently compared to motor therapy in children and adolescents with unilateral cerebral palsy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kleeren Lize , Mailleux Lisa , McLean Belinda , Elliott Catherine , Dequeker Griet , Van Campenhout Anja , de Xivry Jean-Jacques Orban , Verheyden Geert , Ortibus Els , Klingels Katrijn , Feys Hilde
Published: February 2024

Background

Besides motor impairments, up to 90% of the children and adolescents with unilateral cerebral palsy (uCP) present with somatosensory impairments in the upper limb. As somatosensory information is of utmost importance for coordinated movements and motor learning, somatosensory impairments can further compromise the effective use of the impaired upper limb in daily life activities. Yet, intervention approaches specifically designated to target these somatosensory impairments are insufficiently investigated in children and adolescents with uCP. Therefore, the aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to compare the effectiveness of somatosensory discrimination therapy and dose-matched motor therapy to improve sensorimotor upper limb function in children and adolescents with uCP, who experience somatosensory impairments in the upper limb. We will further explore potential behavioral and neurological predictors of therapy response.

Methods

A parallel group, evaluator-blinded, phase-II, single-center RCT will be conducted for which 50 children and adolescents with uCP, aged 7 to 15 years, will be recruited. Participants will be randomized to receive 3 weekly sessions of 45 minutes of either somatosensory discrimination therapy or upper limb motor therapy for a period of 8 weeks. Stratification will be performed based on age, manual ability, and severity of tactile impairment at baseline. Sensorimotor upper limb function will be evaluated at baseline, immediately after the intervention and after 6 months follow-up. The primary outcome measure will be bimanual performance as measured with the Assisting Hand Assessment. Secondary outcomes include a comprehensive test battery to objectify somatosensory function and measures of bimanual coordination, unimanual motor function, and goal attainment. Brain imaging will be performed at baseline to investigate structural brain lesion characteristics and structural connectivity of the white matter tracts.

Discussion

This protocol describes the design of an RCT comparing the effectiveness of somatosensory discrimination therapy and dose-matched motor therapy to improve sensorimotor upper limb function in children and adolescents with uCP. The results of this study may aid in the selection of the most effective upper limb therapy, specifically for children and adolescents with tactile impairments.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06006065). Registered on August 8, 2023.
IxPopDyMod: an R package to write, run, and analyze tick population and infection dynamics models
Authors: Stokowski Myles , Allen David
Published: February 2024

Given the increasing prevalence of tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease, modeling the population and infection dynamics of tick vectors is an important public health tool. These models have applications for testing the effects of control methods or climate change on tick populations. There is an established history of tick population models, but code for them is rarely shared, especially not in a convenient format for others to modify and use. We present an R package, called , intended to function as a flexible and consistent framework for reproducible Ixodidae (hard-bodied ticks) population dynamics models. Here we focus on two key parts of the package: a function to create valid model configurations and a function to run a configured model and return the daily population over time. We provide three examples in appendices: one reproducing an existing Ixodes scapularis population model, one providing a novel Dermacentor albipictus model, and one showing Borrelia burgdorferi infection in ticks. Together these examples show the flexibility of the package to model scenarios of interest to tick researches.

Graphical Abstract
ParSCo: celebrating 10 years of a unique parasitology summer course
Authors: Dantas-Torres Filipe , Bezerra-Santos Marcos Antonio , Mendoza-Roldan Jairo Alfonso , Lia Riccardo Paolo , Perles Livia , Barrera Juan Pedro , Fagundes-Moreira Renata , Carbonara Mariaelisa , Varcasia Antonio , Brianti Emanuele , Deak Georgiana , Rojas Alicia , Miró Guadalupe , Volf Petr , Baneth Gad , Otranto Domenico
Published: February 2024

ParSCo (Parasitology Summer Course) is an intense, 1-week-long summer course organized by the Parasitology Unit of the Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Italy, with the support of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP), the European Veterinary Parasitology College (EVPC) and Parasites and Vectors. The course, which is conducted in southern Italy, is planned for parasitologists and post-graduate students working in the field of parasitology. The course consists of theoretical and practical lessons, which include the collection, identification and diagnosis of parasites of pets, livestock and wildlife. The participants in ParSCo are afforded the opportunity to be involved in clinical examination and sample collection for the diagnosis of parasitic diseases (e.g. leishmaniosis, thelaziosis and many tick-borne diseases) present in the Mediterranean Basin. The course is conducted at Casa di Caccia, a hunting lodge situated in the Gallipoli Cognato Forest near the Basento River in the Basilicata region in southern Italy. In addition to the training purpose, ParSCo is a great opportunity for sharing knowledge and expertise while becoming part of the parasitology community in a pleasant environment. In this editorial, we share some information and celebrate 10 years of ParSCo, looking forward to forthcoming sessions of this unique parasitology summer course.

Graphical Abstract
Comparative effectiveness of different modes of exercise interventions in diabetics with frailty in China: a systematic review and a network meta-analysis
Authors: Qin Liu , Junjie Peng , Xinhong Wei , Shengju Fang , Ruifen Sun
Published: February 2024

Objective

To systematically evaluate the efficacy of different training modes in patients with diabetes decline.

Methods

PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, WANFANG, SinoMed were searched in computer to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of training intervention in patients with diabetes and frailty, and the search time was as of May 21, 2023. After two review authors independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, network meta-analysis was performed using Stata14.0 and R4.3.1 software. Fasting blood glucose (FGB), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), two-hour postprandial blood glucose (PBG), total cholesterol (TCH), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and body mass index (BMI) were used as outcome measures.

Results

A total of 15 RCTs were included, including 1550 patients. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that integrated training reduced FBG compared with the control group; integrated training, Pilates training, resistance training can reduce HbA1c; Pilates training and resistance training can reduce PBG; integrated training, Pilates training, resistance training can reduce TCH; Pilates training and resistance training can reduce TG; resistance training improves BMI. The results of the best probability ranking showed that multi-group training had the most significant effect on improving PBG and SPPB scores.

Conclusion

The current evidence suggests that multi-group training is the best way to reduce fasting blood glucose and improve physical activity before meals, and Pilates training may be the best way to reduce glycated hemoglobin, blood glucose two hours after meals, improve blood lipid level and BMI in patients with diabetes in China.

Trial registration: PROSPERO registration number for this study: CRD42023427868.
Tacrolimus-induced cholestatic hepatotoxicity after renal transplantation: a case report
Authors: Pourrezagholi Fatemeh , Amini Hossein , Moradi Omid , Ziaie Shadi
Published: February 2024

Background

In this manuscript, we report a case of tacrolimus-associated hepatotoxicity in a kidney transplant recipient.

Case presentation

In this case report, a 56 years old Arab male patient who received a kidney transplant presented with icterus, weakness, and lethargy two weeks after transplantation and tacrolimus initiation. In laboratory analysis hyperbilirubinemia and a rise in hepatic enzymes were observed. All possible causes of hepatotoxicity were examined. The panel for infectious causes was negative. Drug-induced liver injury was diagnosed. The patient’s immunosuppressive regimen was changed to a cyclosporine-based regimen and after this change bilirubin and hepatic enzymes decreased and the patient was discharged without signs and symptoms of hepatitis.

Conclusion

It seems that the patient’s hyperbilirubinemia was due to tacrolimus, and the patient’s bilirubin decreased after stopping tacrolimus.
Generalized strongly n-polynomial convex functions and related inequalities
Authors: Özcan Serap , Kadakal Mahir , İşcan İmdat , Kadakal Huriye
Published: February 2024

This paper focuses on introducing and examining the class of generalized stronglyn-polynomial convex functions. Relationships between these functions and other types of convex functions are explored. The Hermite–Hadamard inequality is established for generalized stronglyn-polynomial convex functions. Additionally, new integral inequalities of Hermite–Hadamard type are derived for this class of functions using the Hölder–İşcan integral inequality. The results obtained in this paper are compared with those known in the literature, demonstrating the superiority of the new results. Finally, some applications for special means are provided.
Detection of cotton leaf curl disease’s susceptibility scale level based on deep learning
Authors: Nazeer Rubaina , Ali Sajid , Hu Zhihua , Ansari Ghulam Jillani , Al-Razgan Muna , Awwad Emad Mahrous , Ghadi Yazeed Yasin
Published: February 2024

Cotton, a crucial cash crop in Pakistan, faces persistent threats from diseases, notably the Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV). Detecting these diseases accurately and early is vital for effective management. This paper offers a comprehensive account of the process involved in collecting, preprocessing, and analyzing an extensive dataset of cotton leaf images. The primary aim of this dataset is to support automated disease detection systems. We delve into the data collection procedure, distribution of the dataset, preprocessing stages, feature extraction methods, and potential applications. Furthermore, we present the preliminary findings of our analyses and emphasize the significance of such datasets in advancing agricultural technology. The impact of these factors on plant growth is significant, but the intrusion of plant diseases, such as Cotton Leaf Curl Disease (CLCuD) caused by the Cotton Leaf Curl Gemini Virus (CLCuV), poses a substantial threat to cotton yield. Identifying CLCuD promptly, especially in areas lacking critical infrastructure, remains a formidable challenge. Despite the substantial research dedicated to cotton leaf diseases in agriculture, deep learning technology continues to play a vital role across various sectors. In this study, we harness the power of two deep learning models, specifically the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). We evaluate these models using two distinct datasets: one from the publicly available Kaggle dataset and the other from our proprietary collection, encompassing a total of 1349 images capturing both healthy and disease-affected cotton leaves. Our meticulously curated dataset is categorized into five groups: Healthy, Fully Susceptible, Partially Susceptible, Fully Resistant, and Partially Resistant. Agricultural experts annotated our dataset based on their expertise in identifying abnormal growth patterns and appearances. Data augmentation enhances the precision of model performance, with deep features extracted to support both training and testing efforts. Notably, the CNN model outperforms other models, achieving an impressive accuracy rate of 99% when tested against our proprietary dataset.
Διερεύνηση συσχέτισης μηχανικών παραμέτρων εδαφικών σχηματισμών μέσω συστήματος ταξινόμησης
Authors: Αρβανιτίδης Χρήστος
Published: February 2024

Στην παρούσα Διδακτορική Διατριβή διερευνάται ο συσχετισμός ορισμένων, θεμελιωδών ιδιοτήτων μηχανικής συμπεριφοράς εδαφών, με ορισμένες θεμελιώδεις παραμέτρους κατάταξης και βασικές φυσικές ιδιότητές τους, όπως αυτές προσδιορίζονται, ποσοτικά, με εργαστηριακές δοκιμές, καθώς και με μαθηματικούς συνδυασμούς των προηγουμένων. Σκοπός είναι η παραγωγή σχέσεων από τις οποίες να μπορεί να προβλεφθεί η τιμή των μηχανικών ιδιοτήτων, με βάση τις τιμές κάποιας ή κάποιων παραμέτρων ταξινόμησης ή φυσικών ιδιοτήτων, ενός εδαφικού δείγματος, χωρίς την εκτέλεση της αντίστοιχης εργαστηριακής δοκιμής, η οποία δεν μπορεί να εκτελεσθεί, είτε για λόγους κόστους και χρόνου, είτε για λόγους ακαταλληλότητας του διαθέσιμου δείγματος. Για τον παραπάνω σκοπό, συγκεντρώθηκε μεγάλος αριθμός δειγμάτων σε βάση δεδομένων η οποία περιέχει όλες τις τιμές των αναγκαίων παραμέτρων για τον συσχετισμό. Τα δείγματα ταξινομήθηκαν σε τέσσερεις βασικές κατηγορίες, ανάλογα με τη στρωματογραφική περιγραφή τους και ακολούθησε συσχετισμός, όπως προαναφέρθηκε, με τη χρήση Στατιστικών μεθόδων. Ο συσχετισμός αυτός παρήγαγε σχέσεις εξάρτησης με τις οποίες είναι δυνατόν οι τιμές των μηχανικών ιδιοτήτων ενός δείγματος εδάφους να εκτιμηθούν, χωρίς εκτέλεση της σχετικής δοκιμής, με ακρίβεια μεγαλύτερη του ±20%, της εργαστηριακά μετρούμενης τιμής.
Μελέτη της συμβολής της υπερηχογραφικής βιομετρίας της κατ’ ισχίον άρθρωσης νεογνών και βρεφών, στην έγκαιρη διάγνωση και πρόληψη της αναπτυξιακής δυσπλασίας του ισχίου
Authors: Χλαπουτάκης Κωνσταντίνος
Published: February 2024

Σκοπός της εργασίας ήταν να εξεταστεί κατά πόσον, η προσθήκη βιομετρικών δεικτών (γραμμικών μετρήσεων και υπολογιζόμενων λόγων) στις εικόνες που λαμβάνονται κατά την υπερηχοτομογραφική εξέταση του νεογνικού/βρεφικού ισχίου με την τεχνική του Graf, μπορεί να ποσοτικοποιήσει τη σχέση μεταξύ των οστέινων και χόνδρινων ανατομικών δομών στην άρθρωση, και να συμβάλλει στην κλινικά σημαντική διάκριση μεταξύ των ισχίων τύπου Ι και ΙΙ, ιδιαίτερα στις περιπτώσεις εκείνες στις οποίες η μέτρηση των γωνιών alpha και beta είναι οριακή (borderline). Για τον σκοπό αυτόν, κατά την περίοδο 2021, 2022 και 2023, στα πλαίσια προγράμματος πληθυσμιακού ελέγχου νεογνών/βρεφών για τη διάγνωση της Αναπτυξιακής Δυσπλασίας του Ισχίου (ΑΔΙ), εξετάσθηκαν υπερηχογραφικά συνολικά 1452 ισχία. Το υλικό της μελέτης χωρίστηκε σε δύο ομάδες: μία με συνολικά 60 ισχία τύπου ΙΙ κατά Graf, και μία δεύτερη με 124 ισχία τύπου Ι κατά Graf, τα οποία επιλέχθηκαν έτσι, ώστε οι δύο ομάδες να ταιριάζουν σύμφωνα με την ηλικία κύησης κατά τον τοκετό, το βάρος γέννησης, τον τρόπο τοκετού και την ηλικία σε εβδομάδες κατά την ημέρα της εξέτασης. Οι υπερηχογραφικές εικόνες για κάθε ισχίο πληρούσαν τεχνικά τις προϋποθέσεις ποιοτικού ελέγχου κατά Graf (Ανατομική Ταυτοποίηση, Έλεγχος Χρηστικότητας), συνεπώς ήταν κατάλληλες για διάγνωση. Οι ανατομικές δομές που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για τις μετρήσεις ήταν το κάτω άκρο του λαγονίου οστού, το υπερηχογραφικό σημείο καμπής της οροφής της κοτύλης (οστέινο χείλος), ο επιχείλιος χόνδρος και η κεφαλή του μηριαίου οστού. Οι δείκτες που διέφεραν στατιστικά σημαντικά μεταξύ των ισχίων τύπου Ι και τύπου ΙΙ, ήταν: (α) το μήκος της "οστέινης οροφής" της κοτύλης (όριο 5.91mm, ευαισθησία: 75%, ειδικότητα: 70%), (β) ο λόγος του μήκους της "οστέινης οροφής" της κοτύλης προς τη διάμετρο της μηριαίας κεφαλής (όριο 0.40, ευαισθησία 83%, ειδικότητα 71%) και (γ) ο λόγος του χόνδρινου τμήματος της οροφής της κοτύλης (συμπεριλαμβανόμενου του επιχειλίου χόνδρου) προς τη διάμετρο της μηριαίας κεφαλής (όριο 0.450, ευαισθησία 82%, ειδικότητα 67%). Βάσει των αποτελεσμάτων της μελέτης μας, συμπεράναμε ότι η σχέση μεταξύ μηριαίας κεφαλής και κοτύλης είναι δυνατόν να ποσοτικοποιηθεί με τη χρήση βιομετρικών δεικτών. Τόσο η μέτρηση α, όσο και οι υπολογιζόμενοι λόγοι β και γ, μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν ως βοηθητικοί δείκτες για τη διαφοροποίηση μεταξύ των ισχίων τύπου Ι και ΙΙ κατά Graf, αυξάνοντας έτσι τη διαγνωστική βεβαιότητα του εξεταστή, ιδιαίτερα σε οριακές περιπτώσεις, και περιορίζοντας, με τον τρόπο αυτόν, τυχόν άσκοπη θεραπεία και περιττές επανεξετάσεις.
Τροποποιημένα φίλτρα Kalman για την εκτίμηση κρυφών καταστάσεων με λογοκριμένες μετρήσεις
Authors: Λουμπόνιας Κώστας
Published: February 2024

Το πρώτο κεφάλαιο της παρούσας διατριβής εισάγει τον αναγνώστη στο πεδίο της έρευνας που αυτή πραγματεύεται. Παρατίθενται οι βασικές αρχές των στοχαστικών μοντέλων χώρου καταστάσεων και περιγράφονται μη γραμμικά μοντέλα που υπόκεινται σε λογοκρισία των μετρήσεων. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται μια συνοπτική περιγραφή των αποτελεσμάτων καιτης συνεισφοράς της παρούσας διατριβής στο σχετιζόμενο ερευνητικό πεδίο. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο προτείνεται το διορθωμένο Tobit Kalman φίλτρο για την εκτίμηση κρυφών καταστάσεων με λογοκριμένες πολυδιάστατες μετρήσεις. Υπολογίζονται οι ακριβείς πιθανότητες των μετρήσεων να ανήκουν εντός ή εκτός της λογοκριμένης περιοχής, καθώς και η ακριβής αναμενόμενη τιμή και ο πίνακας διασπορών-συνδιασπορών της λογοκριμένης μέτρησης. Εν συνεχεία, προτείνεται το προσαρμοσμένο Tobit Kalman φίλτρο, με μεταβαλλόμενα όρια λογοκρισίας σε κάθε χρονική στιγμή, για την αποθορυβοποίηση και βελτίωση του σήματος που λαμβάνεται από τον αισθητήρα Microsoft Kinect V2. Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο, παρατίθεται ένας δεύτερος τρόπος υπολογισμούτων ροπών, μέχρι τρίτης τάξης, για τις μονοδιάστατες λογοκριμένες μετρήσεις μέσω της ροπογεννήτριας συνάρτησης. Επιπλέον, προτείνεται το έγχρωμο Tobit Kalman φίλτρο, για την εκτίμηση κρυφών καταστάσεων, όταν οι θόρυβοι του μοντέλου χώρου καταστάσεων περιγράφονται από αυτοπαλινδρομούμενα μοντέλα AR(1). Η συνάρτηση πιθανοφάνειας των λογοκριμένων μετρήσεων χρησιμοποιείται για την εκτίμηση των άγνωστων παραμέτρων στα μοντέλα AR(1). Στο πέμπτο κεφάλαιο προτείνεται μια πρωτότυπη μέθοδος για την εκτίμηση των κρυφών καταστάσεων, όταν οι μονοδιάστατες μετρήσεις είναι λογοκριμένες. Η προτεινόμενη μέθοδος, το λογοκριμένο φίλτρο Kalman, δεν υιοθετεί τις υποθέσεις των προηγουμένων κεφαλαίων, αλλά υπολογίζει αναλυτικά την τιμή του εκτιμητή της κρυφής κατάστασης σε κάθε βήμα, που λαμβάνεται να είναι η αναμενόμενη τιμή της κρυφής κατάστασης, δεδομένης της λογοκριμένης μέτρησης σε κάθε βήμα. Εν συνεχεία, το λογοκριμένο φίλτρο Kalman χρησιμοποιείται για την παρακολούθηση της θέσης και πορείαςτων πεζών, όπως αυτή καταγράφεται από εξωτερικές κάμερες παρακολούθησης.
Turbulencje wokół idei zrównoważonego rozwoju
Authors: Kargulowa Alicja
Published: February 2024

W artykule zwrócono uwagę na trojakiego rodzaju dylematy związane z pojawieniem się i społeczną transmisją idei zrównoważonego rozwoju: terminologiczne, dotyczące transformacji idei do życia społecznego oraz połączone z wizją przyszłego człowieka – realizatora tej idei. Tekst rozpoczyna krótka jej historia wskazująca na przesunięcia dotyczące jej realizacji w stronę edukacji dzieci, młodzieży i dorosłych, nie mające umocowania w zmianach ekonomicznych czy politycznych.
Obywatelskość kobiet wobec deficytu uznania
Authors: Nowak-Dziemianowicz Mirosława
Published: February 2024

Prezentowany tekst próbuje odpowiedzieć na pytanie o blokady aktywności obywatelskiej kobiet, ich społecznego zaangażowania, ich obecności w sferze publicznej. Odwołuje się do różnych definicji obywatelskości oraz do koncepcji uznania A. Honnetha. Analizowana jest w nim relacja uznania jako warunek obywatelskości kobiet, ich partycypacji i zaangażowania. Jest próbą pokazania, iż deficyt uznania, wpisany w rodzinną socjalizację do ról związanych z płcią, oparty na stereo- typowych regułach i normach kultury jest jedną z takich blokad. Konteksty nierówności i dyskryminacji kobiet analizowane są także w obszarze pracy oraz w oparciu o walkę kobiet o uznanie w polityce.
O okolicznościach odkrywania przez ludzi ich osobistych pasji
Authors: Litawa Aleksandra
Published: February 2024

Pasja pełni w życiu człowieka istotną rolę. W swojej harmonijnej od- słonie może pozytywnie oddziaływać w zasadzie na wszystkie jego aspekty. W literaturze przedmiotu stosunkowo łatwo znaleźć odpowiedzi na pytania o powody, dla których ludzie rozwijają swoje pasje, jak również o korzyści, jakie czerpią ze swoje- go zaangażowania w ich realizację. Brakuje natomiast opracowań dotyczących genezy ludzkich pasji. Celem artykułu było ukazanie, w oparciu o wyniki badań własnych, okoliczności, w jakich ludzie odkrywają swoje pasje. Autorka posłużyła się strategią studium przypadku, w ramach której przeprowadziła osiem wywiadów (pogłębionych, częściowo ustrukturyzowanych) z osobami posiadającymi pasje. Wnioski z przeprowadzonych badań są następujące: a) większość badanych odkryła swoją pasję w do- rosłości, b) pasja rozwijała się na kanwie wrodzonych predyspozycji bądź zdolności badanych, c) impulsem wyzwalającym pasję u badanych było silnie przeżyte doświadczenie, potrzeba sprostania wyzwaniu bądź nagła zmiana w życiu.
Innowacje w edukacji dorosłych: komunikat z badań nad doświadczeniami w twórczej pracy dydaktycznej nauczycieli akademickich
Authors: Okraj Zofia
Published: February 2024

Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie wyników badań empirycznych jakościowych nad innowacjami dydaktycznymi będącymi rezultatami twórczej pracy dydaktycznej polskich nauczycieli akademickich. Badania zostały zrealizowane zgodnie z koncepcją teoretyczno-metodologiczną ESA Howarda E. Grubera. W ba- daniach zastosowano wielokrotne studium przypadku z analizą wertykalną i horyzontalną, wywiady semistrukturyzowane oraz analizę zdjęć z zajęć prowadzonych przez innowatorów. Na etapie analizy i interpretacji uzyskanych wyników badań posłużono się modelem Interpretacyjnej Analizy Fenomenologicznej (IPA). Przepro- wadzone badania pozwoliły określić specyfikę i właściwości innowacji dydaktycznych proponowanych przez badanych nauczycieli-innowatorów.
Rare faction of flora of the designed landscape reserve “Balka Shchurovka”
Authors: Kyiak S. V.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the modern distribution of certain rare plant species within the "Balka Shchurovka" beam system (near the settlements of Dniprovske, Novomykolaivka of the Verkhnyodniprovska OTG of the Dnipropetrovsk region) and substantiation of the prospects for granting the object the status of a nature conservation area. The natural diversity of the vegetation cover of the designed reserve consists of zonal steppe vegetation, bairach forests, psamophilic and petrophilic communities, and meadow vegetation. According to indicators of biodiversity, the territory b. Shchurovka is one of the most valuable within the borders of Verkhnyodniprovska OTG of Dnipropetrovsk region. In the process of researching the flora of the planned reserve, a number of new locations of species rare for the region and the region were discovered. 26 regionally rare plant species grow here, 13 species listed in the Red Book of Ukraine, 3 species from Resolution 6 of the Berne Convention and Annexes of the Habitats Directive, presented in the flora of Ukraine, 1 species from the World Red List. The list of plants of the Dnipropetrovsk region included in the Red Book of Ukraine includes 56 species of vascular plants, of which 13 species grow within the b. Rat, which is 23% of the total number of red book species of Dnipropetrovsk region. An important and interesting feature of the layer of sand exposed on the right slope of the gully is the presence of blocks of red sandstone enriched with iron oxides. Near the sandstone outcrops, a characteristic complex of flora has formed on sandy soil with the participation of Sempervivum ruthenicum Schnittsp. & C.B. Lehm, Pulsatilla pratensis (L.) Mill. s.l., Thymus pallasianus Heinr.Braun, Peucedanum arenarium Waldst. & Kit. (Taeniopetalum arenarium (Waldst. & Kit.) V. N. Tichomirov), Achillea leptophylla M. Bieb. Jurinea cyanoides (L.) Rchb and Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill grow here. s.l. - rare species from the Annexes of the Habitats Directive, Annex I of the Berne Convention, which prefer biotopes with an intact structure as part of rare coenoses. The study of the rare fraction of the flora of the beam system in the context of the conservation of biodiversity of the Right Bank Steppe of the Dnieper region can become the basis of the nature conservation concept of sustainable development of the region.
Andragogika jako dyscyplina akademicka
Authors: Półturzycki Józef
Published: February 2024

Celem prezentowanej analizy jest opis zakresu znaczeniowego andragogiki jako dyscypliny akademickiej na początku XXI w. Autor wychodzi od zdefiniowania pojęcia andragogiki, formułując wady i zalety stosowania tego pojęcia dla oznaczenia teorii edukacji dorosłych. Powołuje się przy tym na ustalenia międzynarodowych konferencji edukacji dorosłych, wskazuje zagadnienia, które powinny być w polu analiz teoretycznych i badań empirycznych tej dyscypliny wiedzy, zwraca uwagę na tendencje rozwojowe edukacji dorosłych. Z perspektywy 20 lat, jakie upłynęły od tego czasu, należy podkreślić, że urzeczywistniły się przede wszystkim przewidywania dotyczące wzrostu znaczenia edukacji nieformalnej dorosłych, edukacji całożyciowej oraz indywidualnej aktywności człowieka w tych zakresach. Andragogika jest natomiast jedną z perspektyw wyjaśniania i interpretacji edukacji dorosłych obok wkładu innych dyscyplin naukowych i wytwarza wspólnie z nimi interdyscyplinarny dyskurs na temat edukacji
Dylematy andragogiki
Authors: Czerniawska Olga
Published: February 2024

W świecie pełnym zmian i nieoczekiwanych sytuacji konieczne jest stałe uczenie się. Jednocześnie pojawiają się dylematy – wątpliwości i pytania: kiedy, czego i jak się uczyć. W artykule podjęto dyskusję na tematy związane z andragogiką, które w opinii Autorki nie były oczywiste w pierwszym dziesięcioleciu XXI w., tj. o relacjach pomiędzy andragogiką i gerontologią, o roli dydaktyki biograficznej oraz o działaniach na rzecz grup marginalizowanych w powiązaniu z pracą socjalną i ekonomią społeczną. Z perspektywy kolejnego dziesięciolecia warto je ponownie poddać dyskusji.
Polskie tradycje instytucji edukacji dorosłych w kontekście uczenia się całożyciowego
Authors: Stopińska-Pająk Agnieszka
Published: February 2024

W artykule zostały zaprezentowane polskie instytucje edukacji dorosłych z XIX i początków XX w., które wpisują się w koncepcję, tak dziś powszechną i uznawaną, jaką jest koncepcja uczenia się całożyciowego. Celem artykułu było pokazanie, że uczenie się całożyciowe nie jest nowym zjawiskiem, ale ma bogate tradycje. Na tle uwag metodologicznych omówiona została także potrzeba andragogicznych badań historycznych nad kształtowaniem się polskich instytucji edukacji dorosłych, w tym zwłaszcza instytucji, w których dorośli mogli doświadczać uczenia się. W tekście przybliżone zostały wybrane instytucje edukacji dorosłych: 1) instytucje powiązane z ruchem samokształceniowym XIX w.; 2) zrodzony z tego ruchu typ uniwersytetu powszechnego – Uniwersytet Latający; 3) szkoły wyższe dla dorosłych; 4) uniwersytety ludowe i 5) świetlice dla dorosłych. Egzemplifikują one zarówno przemiany rozumienia pojęcia uczenia się – od zaspokajania potrzeb poznawczych, poprzez zaspokajanie potrzeby społecznego zaangażowania, do potrzeb kulturalnych, towarzyskich i ludycznych. Z drugiej strony są przykładami stopniowego poszerzania się środowisk uczestniczących w owych instytucjach uczenia się – od inteligencji do robotnika i chłopa, od mężczyzn do kobiet, od grup usytuowanych wysoko w stratyfikacji społecznej, po tych znajdujących się najniżej.
Edukacja kulturalna dorosłych w teorii i badaniach empirycznych w Polsce po 1989 r. – wybrane aspekty
Authors: Słowińska Sylwia
Published: February 2024

Artykuł ma charakter przeglądowy, jego celem jest przedstawienie najbardziej charakterystycznych koncepcji na temat edukacji kulturalnej dorosłych rozwijanych przez polskich przedstawicieli nauk o wychowaniu po roku 1989 oraz zarysowanie jej empirycznego obrazu na podstawie dostępnych wyników badań. W pierwszej części artykułu autorka opisuje sposoby rozumienia edukacji kulturalnej w ramach polskich klasycznych (tradycyjnych) i nietradycyjnych koncepcji edukacji kulturalnej. Następnie pokazuje, że wraz z upowszechnieniem się szerokiego sposobu pojmowania edukacji jako procesu całożyciowego dorośli pojawili się w koncepcjach edukacji kulturalnej jako jej uczestnicy i adresaci. Jednakże żadna z polskich koncepcji nie koncentruje się wyłącznie na samych ludziach dorosłych. W drugiej części artykułu zaprezentowane zostały cechy i tendencje edukacji kulturalnej dorosłych w Polsce, zrekonstruowane na podstawie przeprowadzonych w Polsce w ostatnich latach badań empirycznych. W konkluzji autorka podkreśla potrzebę rozwijania badań tego obszaru, który po roku 1989 w Polsce znalazł się poza głównym nurtem zainteresowania andragogów i wymaga pogłębionej eksploracji, pozwalającej zidentyfikować i zrozumieć dokonujące się w jego obrębie przeobrażenia.