bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Method for analytical description and modeling of the working space of a manipulation robot
Authors: Beisembayev Akambay , Yerbossynova Anargul , Pavlenko Petro , Baibatshayev Mukhit
Published: December 2021

This paper reports a method, built in the form of a logic function, for describing the working spaces of manipulation robots analytically. A working space is defined as a work area or reachable area by a manipulation robot. An example of describing the working space of a manipulation robot with seven rotational degrees of mobility has been considered.
Technological processes in robotic industries can be associated with the positioning of the grip, at the required points, in the predefined coordinates, or with the execution of the movement of a working body along the predefined trajectories, which can also be determined using the required points in the predefined coordinates. A necessary condition for a manipulation robot to execute a specified process is that all the required positioning points should be within a working space.
To solve this task, a method is proposed that involves the analysis of the kinematic scheme of a manipulation robot in order to acquire a graphic image of the working space to identify boundary surfaces, as well as identify additional surfaces. The working space is limited by a set of boundary surfaces where additional surfaces are needed to highlight parts of the working space. Specifying each surface as a logic function, the working space is described piece by piece. Next, the resulting parts are combined with a logical expression, which is a disjunctive normal form of logic functions, which is an analytical description of the working space.
The correspondence of the obtained analytical description to the original graphic image of working space is verified by simulating the disjunctive normal form of logic functions using MATLAB (USA).
Voltage stabilization of a controlled autonomous magnetoelectric generator with a magnetic shunt and permanent magnet excitation
Authors: Chumack Vadim , Bazenov Volodymyr , Tymoshchuk Oksana , Kovalenko Mykhailo , Tsyvinskyi Serhii , Kovalenko Iryna , Tkachuk Ihor
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of testing and research of the characteristics of a controlled autonomous magnetoelectric synchronous generator with a magnetic shunt. Structurally, the studied generator is a modified asynchronous machine in which the rotor is made with permanent magnets and an additional system in the form of a magnetic shunt. By adjusting the winding current of the magnetic shunt, the output voltage of the generator is regulated. The following characteristics were investigated: the no-load characteristic during operation with permanent magnets and when the winding current of the magnetic shunt changes with forward and reverse polarity. Also, the external characteristic for active and active-inductive loads; the control characteristic when the load current changes at a constant generator voltage.
Analysis of the obtained characteristics makes it possible to determine the limits of regulation of the external characteristic, which is ≈40 % relative to the main magnetic flux. The obtained regulation depth allows maintaining the stability of the external characteristic for power factors not exceeding 0.9, which is the usual passport value for autonomous power plants based on synchronous generators. Comparison of the data of research conducted on the experimental setup shows sufficient convergence for engineering and practical tasks. The maximum quantitative difference is 9.3 %, which suggests the adequacy of the previously developed mathematical model. The control characteristic, constructed experimentally at constant generator voltage, is the control law of the magnetic shunt winding for the studied generator.
The investigated version of a synchronous generator with a magnetic shunt should be used for autonomous power plants, renewable energy systems, and autonomous power supply systems.
Development of mechanical coupling and exciter system in synchronous generators
Authors: Damij Raad Lafta
Published: December 2021

Power is generated in a variety of ways, including renewable energy, nuclear power, and burning of fossil fuels. The majority of our power is currently generated by burning fossil fuels, mostly natural gas and coal, to spin turbines attached to an electromagnetic generator. The main advantage of AC generation is that the voltage levels can be altered up and down with transformers, allowing electricity to be sent across long distances to the loads that demand it. The excitation system demand for large synchronous generators with a few hundred-megawatt ratings becomes very enormous. The challenge of transmitting such a big amount of power through high-speed sliding contacts becomes daunting. Mechanical coupling with exciter for synchronous generators is essential to mitigate such problems as the corrected output is linked directly to the field winding. This paper aims to develop a simulation of a 3-phase diesel engine-based 2 MVA/400 V synchronous generator with mechanical coupling and an exciter system. The developed simulation of the synchronous machine is set to deliver 25 % of its rating value (500 kW) till the time of 3 sec. Then, additional power of 1 MW is switched at t=3 sec via a 3-phase circuit breaker. The dynamic response of field current and field voltage of the simulation shows reasonable step performance as the steady-state time is less than 3 sec. The control of the excitation system allows the generator to maintain voltage, control reactive power flow, and assist in maintaining power system stability. The simulation was accurate when measuring the voltage and current under these changes. This analysis can help to investigate further integration with renewable energy sources.
Development of methods for generation of digital watermarks resistant to distortion
Authors: Martovytskyi Vitalii , Ruban Igor , Bolohova Nataliia , Sievierinov Оleksandr , Zhurylo Oleg , Permiakov Oleksandr , Nosyk Andrii , Nepokrуtov Dmytro , Krylenko Ivan
Published: December 2021

Active attacks and natural impacts can lead to two types of image-container distortions: noise-like and geometric. There are also image processing operations, e.g. scaling, rotation, truncation, pixel permutation which are much more detrimental to digital watermarks (DWM). While ensuring resistance to removal and geometric attacks is a more or less resolved problem, the provision of resistance to local image changes and partial image deletion is still poorly understood. The methods discussed in this paper are aimed at ensuring resistance to attacks resulting in partial image loss or local changes in the image. This study's objective is to develop methods for generating a distortion-resistant digital watermark using the chaos theory. This will improve the resistance of methods of embedding the digital watermark to a particular class of attacks which in turn will allow developers of DWM embedding methods to focus on ensuring the method resistance to other types of attacks. An experimental study of proposed methods was conducted. Histograms of DWMs have shown that the proposed methods provide for the generation of DWM of a random obscure form. However, the method based on a combination of Arnold’s cat maps and Henon maps has noticeable peaks unlike the method based on shuffling the pixels and their bits only with Arnold’s cat maps. This suggests that the method based only on Arnold’s cat maps is more chaotic. This is also evidenced by the value of the coefficient of correlation between adjacent pixels close to zero (0.0109) for color DWMs and 0.030 for black and white images.
Determining the features of oscillations in prestressed pipelines
Authors: Suleimenov Ulanbator , Zhangabay Nurlan , Utelbayeva Akmaral , Ibrahim Mohamad Nasir Mohamad , Moldagaliyev Arman , Abshenov Khassen , Buganova Svetlana , Daurbekova Saltanat , Ibragimova Zaure , Dosmakanbetova Aibarsha
Published: December 2021

This paper considers the structural solution for a main above-ground pipeline with a pre-stressed winding, which makes it possible to improve the efficiency of operation and reduce material consumption. The results from studying experimentally the features in the operation of prestressed pipelines under static operating loads are given. It is shown that the radial movements of the wall of a pre-stressed pipeline are constrained by the strained winding, which prevents its deformation. It was revealed that increasing the tension force of the winding wire reduces circular stresses in the pipeline wall by 1.3...1.6 times and increases meridional ones by 1.2...1.4 times.
The experimental study into the models of prestressed pipelines with free vertical and horizontal oscillations has established the dependence of frequency characteristics on the operating conditions and pre-stress parameters. It was found that the envelope amplitude on the oscillogram of free attenuated oscillations takes the shape of an exponent, which indicates the damping effect of the pre-stress. Analysis of the change in the dynamic characteristics of the models depending on the pre-stress force has revealed that the frequencies of free oscillations increase by 1.5÷1.6 times while the oscillation decrement decreases by 1.2÷1.25 times.
This paper reports the results of studying the influence of pre-stress parameters on the stressed-strained state of the pipeline model under forced horizontal and vertical oscillations.
It is shown that the diagrams of circular dynamic stresses and deformations in the models of a prestressed pipeline are smoother compared to similar characteristics of a conventional pipeline tested at the same experimental parameters.
The study results have made it possible to quantify the features in the operation of a pre-stressed pipeline under static and dynamic influences, taking into consideration the pre-stress parameters and operating conditions.
Increasing wear and corrosion resistance of steel products by combined laser thermomechanical treatment
Authors: Danyleiko Oleksandr , Dzhemelinskyi Vitaliy , Lesyk Dmytro
Published: December 2021

A technique is presented for hardening metal products, in particular, the main tools (hammers) and cases of core drilling bits made of steel 30HGSA, using thermomechanical surface treatment according to a separate scheme. The method of combined laser thermomechanical hardening used in the study consists in the use of shot peening followed by laser heat treatment. Its use makes it possible to increase the operational properties of steel products, in particular, their wear and corrosion resistance. Based on the results of theoretical and experimental studies, the paper substantiates the features of dynamic surface plastic deformation for the analysis of impact during shot peening. The advantages of using laser hardening without surface melting are presented. Experimental research methods are proposed for determining the structural-phase composition, structure of the surface layer, hardness and microhardness of the hardened zones of steel 30HGSA. The range of rational modes of impact shot peening and thermal laser treatment has been determined. A device for testing samples for wear resistance has been developed. Methods of testing for wear and corrosion resistance of the surface of samples are proposed for assessing the tribological properties and contact interaction of materials under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. It is concluded that rational technological modes of hardening tools made of steel 30HGSA using combined laser thermomechanical treatment allow increasing the depth of the hardened layer by ~1.5 times compared to laser heat treatment. In addition, they provide the microhardness of the surface layer of ~5400 MPa, which is ~2.5 times higher than the microhardness of the base material
Improving the organizational and economic support for the development of enterprises in the hospitality industry in the use of information and communication technologies
Authors: Petrovska Iryna , Safronova Olha , Mital Оlena , Ometsynska Nataliia , Moroz Volodymyr , Vidomenko Oksana , Lebedynets Iryna , Shostakovska Antonina , Maistrenko Yuliia , Nosyriev Oleksandr
Published: December 2021

Conceptual foundations of organizational and economic support for the development of enterprises in the hospitality industry have been developed, taking into account the level of use of information and communication technologies. It has been determined that the main results of the influence of information technologies on the hospitality industry are the optimization of business processes, as well as the transformation of the target consumer of hospitality services. The types of information and communication technologies are systematized depending on the direction of the business processes of the cycle of providing hospitality services. It has been substantiated that through the active use of information and communication technologies, hospitality industry enterprises satisfy the needs of customers in full in accordance with modern requirements. The relationship was established between the results of assessing the level of organizational and economic support for the development of information and communication technologies and the strategic choice of enterprises in the hospitality industry. Three types of strategies are identified – information expansion, improvement, retention and further development – depending on the low, medium and high level of development of information and communication technologies, respectively. The directions of increasing the level of development of information and communication technologies of the hospitality industry at different levels are proposed. The developed theoretical and methodological provisions can be useful in the formation of the concept of strategic development of the hospitality industry. The use of the proposed toolkit reflects the results, both quantitatively (increasing demand for hospitality services, improving financial performance, etc.) and in a qualitative form (improving the quality of service, creating a positive image, etc.).
Comparative analysis of models for adjustment procedure in assets value independent evaluation performed by comparative approach
Authors: Pozdnyakov Yuri , Skybinska Zoryana , Gryniv Tetiana , Britchenko Igor , Losonczi Peter , Magopets Olena , Skybinskyi Oleksandr , Hryniv Nataliya
Published: December 2021

This paper addresses the field of economic measurements of the value of assets, carried out by the methods of independent expert evaluation. The mathematical principles of application, within a comparative methodical approach, of additive and multiplicative models for correcting the cost of single indicator of compared objects have been considered. The differences of mathematical basis of the compared models were analyzed. It has been shown that the ambiguity in the methodology of correction procedure requires studying the advantages and disadvantages of known models, as well as the justification and elaboration of recommendations for their application.
Possible forms of correction representation using several alternative units of measurement have been defined; formulas for their interconnection have been built. Analytic expressions have been derived that mathematically describe the algorithms for performing the evaluation correction procedure using various forms of correction representation. The influence of the correction execution model on the characteristics of uncertainty in the independent evaluation result has been analyzed. The scope of two possible types of correction introduction models has been determined. A specific numerical example was used to demonstrate the methodological advantages of using a multiplicative model when summarizing percentage corrections. The independence of the correction result on the sequence of correction introduction has been confirmed. It is proposed to use the selected measure of partial corrections as a criterion for the adequacy of the correction introduction model. It is proved that the result of the independent expert evaluation depends on the chosen model and does not depend on the sequence of correction introduction.
The reported study results are important in terms of theory and practice since they make it possible to improve the accuracy and reliability of the result of independent expert evaluation.
Devising the technology for localizing environmental pollution during fires at spontaneous landfills and testing it in the laboratory
Authors: Bondarenko Ivan , Dudar Igor , Yavorovska Olha , Ziuz Olha , Boichenko Sergii , Kuberskyi Ihor , Shkilniuk Iryna , Komarysta Bohdana , Dzhygyrey Iryna , Bendiuh Vladyslav
Published: December 2021

This paper reports an analysis of current issues related to storing solid household waste, and, specifically, the problem of environmental pollution when unsorted solid household waste (SHW) is ignited. A technology has been developed to improve environmental safety and ensure a reduction in the anthropogenic load on the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere in the event of fires at the sites of solid waste storage. The operation of the proposed equipment, taking into consideration all the provided operating modes and additional options, is energy-saving and automated (or semi-automatic), which makes it especially relevant under modern conditions. The technology significantly improves the efficiency of the processes to eliminate the ignition of SHW and localize their environmental consequences for the territories adjacent to landfills.
Laboratory tests were carried out, which proved the effectiveness of practical application for the designed equipment of a new environmentally active adsorption mixture for the purpose of cleaning the waste filtrate, as well as its use for the formation of an anti-filtration screen in the mound of SHW. Experiments have shown that the tested sample of the aqueous suspension of the proposed environmentally active mixture adsorbs calcium (by 92 %), overall iron (by 91 %), overall phosphorus (by 75 %), zinc (by 31 %), and ammonium (by 19 %). This leads to a decrease in the overall toxicity of the solution and indicates the possibility of improving the environmental safety of waste fires when operating the proposed technical solution by purifying the filtrate released during fires in landfills.
The reported results, specifically, the technology for localizing the environmental consequences of uncontrolled waste ignition could be used in the process of modernizing the technical support for sanitary treatment schemes in urban areas.
Development of an estimation-experimental method for estimating the preservation indicators of single-use articles
Authors: Lanetskii Boris , Lukianchuk Vadym , Koval Igor , Khudov Hennadii , Hordiienko Andrii , Zvieriev Oleksii , Shknai Oleh , Kozlov Vadym , Bieliaiev Danylo , Grechka Alexandr
Published: December 2021

To manage the operation of modern single-use products, it is necessary to evaluate their preservation indicators as uncontrolled, non-repairable, and maintenance-free objects. Data for assessing its parameters are considered as one-time censored samples with continuous monitoring, which does not correspond to the mode of storage of products during operation. Under the conditions of limited volumes of censored samples, it is problematic to identify the parametric model of persistence.
To solve this problem, a non-parametric estimation-experimental method has been devised, which is a set of models for data generation, estimation of the function of the distribution of the preservation period and preservation indicators.
The data generation model is represented by a scheme of operational tests and analytical relationships between the quantities of tested and failed articles. The model of estimating the distribution function describes the process of its construction on the generated data. Models for estimating preservation indicators are represented by ratios for their point and interval estimates, as functionals from the restored distribution function. Unlike the well-known ones, the developed method implements the assessment of indicators under the conditions of combined censorship.
The method can be used to assess the preservation indicators of single-use articles with an error of at least 7 %. At the same time, their lower confidence limits are estimated at 0.9 with an error not worse than 14 % with a censorship degree of not more than 0.23. The restored distribution function agrees well (reliability 0.9, error 0.1) with the actual persistence of articles with censorship degrees of not more than 0.73, which is acceptable for solving the problems of managing their operation.
Development of a model and technology of access to documents in scientific and educational activities
Authors: Serikbayeva Sandugash , Tussupov Jamalbek , Sambetbayeva Madina , Yerimbetova Aigerim , Sadirmekova Zhanna , Tungatarova Aigul , Batyrkhanov Ardak , Zakirova Alma
Published: December 2021

The paper deals with general issues of organizing access to electronic documents in the framework of scientific and educational activities.
Large volumes of already existing information, its continuous growth, the heterogeneous nature of storage and distribution, the lack of a unified way of working with it create many difficulties when using it. Awareness of these difficulties, qualitative changes in the field of information technology and telecommunications have led to the need to solve the problem of finding new approaches to the creation of repositories of information resources, their structure, and the development of tools necessary for users. Currently, such approaches are called “digital” or “electronic” libraries.
According to the preliminary concept, an intelligent scientific and educational Internet resource will be an information system accessible via the Internet, providing systematization and integration of scientific knowledge, data, and information resources into a single information space, meaningful and effective access to them, as well as support for their use in solving various scientific and educational tasks.
Another problem of the organization of effective information support for scientific and educational activities is that, due to its diversity and multidimensional nature, scientific and educational information resources are dispersed on remote pages of many sites and in distributed electronic libraries and archives. To solve this problem, it is necessary to solve the problem of bringing such resources related to one area of knowledge into a single information space, and also, no less important, to support their logical integrity. Without solving these two related tasks, it is impossible to solve the main task – to provide all participants of scientific and educational activities with meaningful access to integrated information resources and means of their analysis.
The support of information systems in the field of scientific and educational activities is relevant, since the need for information always exists. In order to satisfy this need, it is necessary to organize access to various resources.
Constructing a model for the dynamic evaluation of vulnerability in software based on public sources
Authors: Tatarinova Yuliia , Sinelnikova Olga
Published: December 2021

One of the key processes in software development and information security management is the evaluation of vulnerability risks. Analysis and evaluation of vulnerabilities are considered a resource-intensive process that requires high qualifications and a lot of technical information. The main opportunities and drawbacks of existing systems for evaluation of vulnerability risks in software, which include the lack of consideration of the impact of trends and the degree of popularity of vulnerability on the final evaluation, were analyzed.
During the study, the following information was analyzed in the structured form: the vector of the general system of vulnerability evaluation, the threat type, the attack vector, the existence of the original code with patches, exploitation programs, and trends. The obtained result made it possible to determine the main independent characteristics, the existence of a correlation between the parameters, the order, and schemes of the relationships between the basic magnitudes that affect the final value of evaluation of vulnerability impact on a system.
A dataset with formalized characteristics, as well as expert evaluation for further construction of a mathematical model, was generated. Analysis of various approaches and methods for machine learning for construction of a target model of dynamic risk evaluation was carried out: neuro-fuzzy logic, regression analysis algorithms, neuro-network modeling.
A mathematical model of dynamic evaluation of vulnerability risk in software, based on the dynamics of spreading information about a vulnerability in open sources and a multidimensional model with an accuracy of 88.9 %, was developed. Using the obtained model makes it possible to reduce the analysis time from several hours to several minutes and to make a more effective decision regarding the establishment of the order of patch prioritization, to unify the actions of experts, to reduce the cost of managing information security risks
Improving the photobioreactor operation efficiency in the technological scheme of wastewater treatment
Authors: Shamanskyi Sergii , Boichenko Sergii , Khrutba Viktoria , Barabash Olena , Shkilniuk Iryna , Yakovlieva Anna , Topilnyckyi Petro , Pavliukh Lesia
Published: December 2021

Conventional process schemes of municipal sewage water treatment, advantages, and disadvantages of the methods applied when removing biogenic elements were considered. It was shown that the existing shortcomings cause additional explicit costs and difficulties when disposing of the resulting waste. Low efficiency of the removal processes themselves causing residual concentrations of biogenic elements in the treated sewage water was also shown. A process scheme for treating municipal sewage water was proposed. It includes the use of a photobioreactor of a proposed design for the removal of biogenic elements due to the metabolism of microalgae. It was experimentally shown that the use of Euglena gracilis strain for removal of phosphates in initial concentrations of 4, 7, and 14 mg/dm3 from sewage water is the most efficient way. It makes it possible to reduce these concentrations to residual 0…0.55 mg/dm3 in four days. A 3.75…5.58 times increment of microalgae biomass during this period was also shown. A mathematical model was constructed for calculating the time of staying the sewage water and microalgae mixture in a photobioreactor to achieve the required degree of removal of biogenic elements. Based on the proposed model and experimental studies, the required time of staying in the rector working area was calculated. It was shown that with the use of Euglena gracilis strain but without removal of biogenic elements at previous purification stages (process schemes including only mechanical purification), the time of mixture staying in the working zone was 37.81 hrs. With partial removal of biogenic elements at the stage of biological treatment (0.55 mg/dm3 total nitrogen, 0.91 mg/dm3 ammonium nitrogen, 0.44 mg/dm3 phosphates), this time was reduced to 26.66 hrs. It was found that the use of Euglena gracilis strain instead of Chlorella vulgaris (FC-16) in the removal of phosphates results in a 2-time increase in the process efficiency and a 50 % decrease in time of mixture staying in the working zone. Recommendations for calculating geometric parameters of photobioreactors of the proposed design were given for use in the process schemes
Improvement of test methods and criteria for evaluation of resistance to flame propagation of long elements of the wiring system
Authors: Kravchenko Rostyslav , Illiuchenko Pavlo , Onyshchuk Andrii , Zazymko Oleksandr
Published: December 2021

The test methods for flame propagation of long elements of the electrical wiring system, in particular, cables, cable conduits and ducts, are analyzed, and differences in them are found in the test conditions and criteria for evaluating the resistance to flame propagation.
Using a substrate of a wooden board covered with a layer of tissue paper with an areal density of (21±9) g/m2, adopted for testing other elements of the electrical wiring system, a cable was identified that is not resistant to flame propagation. It is proposed to use this substrate for testing the flame propagation of cables instead of a substrate made of a double layer of filter paper with a surface density of (80±15) g/m2.
In one of three experiments, a cable that was not resistant to flame propagation was found based on the criterion of the presence of ignition of the substrate located under it. To reduce the risk of making an incorrect decision on compliance, it is proposed that the assessment of long elements of the wiring system be carried out according to the rules established for cable ducts, trays and ladders in EN 50085-1 and IEC 61537.
For the AVVG cable with an outer diameter of 10 mm to 60 mm, when it touches the blue flame cone of 1 kW, the correlation coefficient of the dependence of the length of the charred part on the diameter was 0.969. For a distance of 100 mm between the sample and the burner along its axis, a correlation coefficient of 0.985 was obtained. It is proposed to test cables under the second condition recommended in IEC 60695-11-2.
For two conduits, flame propagation was revealed when exposed to a 1 kW flame for 120 s and 240 s. However, for these pipelines, flame propagation did not occur under standard conditions of exposure to such a flame for 20 s and 25 s. To identify long elements of the wiring system that are not resistant to flame propagation, it is proposed to test them at a duration of exposure to a flame of 1 kW, established for cables in IEC 60332-1-2
The development of the system for arc nordugrid based grid-computing organization using virtual environments of the docker platform
Authors: Prila Olga , Kazymyr Volodymyr , Bazylevych Volodymyr , Sysa Oleksandr
Published: December 2021

The study of modern frameworks and means of using virtualization in a grid environment confirmed the relevance of the task of automated configuration of the environment for performing tasks in a grid environment.
Setting up a task execution environment using virtualization requires the implementation of appropriate algorithms for scheduling tasks and distributed storage of images of virtual environments in a grid environment. Existing cloud infrastructure solutions to optimize the process of deploying virtual machines on computing resources do not have integration with the Arc Nordugrid middleware, which is widely used in grid infrastructures. An urgent task is to develop tools for scheduling tasks and placing images of virtual machines on the resources of the grid environment, taking into account the use of virtualization tools.
The results of the implementation of services of the framework are presented that allow to design and perform computational tasks in a grid environment based on ARC Nordugrid using the virtual environment of the Docker platform. The presented results of the implementation of services for scheduling tasks in a grid environment using a virtual computing environment are based on the use of a scheduling algorithm based on the dynamic programming method.
Evaluations of the effectiveness of the solutions developed on the basis of a complex of simulation models showed that the use of the proposed algorithm for scheduling and replicating virtual images in a grid environment can reduce the execution time of a computational task by 88 %. Such estimates need further refinement; it is predicted that planning efficiency will increase over time with an increase in the number of running tasks due to the redistribution of the storage of virtual images
Comparative study the essential oil composition of flowers and leaves of Crataegus monogyna L.
Authors: Sydora Natalia , Konovalova Olena , Zuikina Svetlana , Semchenko Kateryna , Rudnyk Anna , Hurtovenko Iryna
Published: December 2021

The aim of the work was to obtain essential oil from the leaves and flowers of the genus Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna L. and study its component composition to justify the possibility of expanding the use of this herbal drugs in medicine.
Materials and methods. The leaves and flowers of Сrataegus monogyna L., which were used to obtain essential oil, were harvested in the western region of Ukraine in 2019. The quantitative content of essential oil in the herbal drugs was determined by hydrodistillation. By used chromato-mass spectrometry method determined the component composition of essential oil of leaves and flowers of Сrataegus monogyna L. The obtained spectra were compared with the library of mass spectra NIST05 and WILEY 2007 with a total number of spectra over 470000 in combination with programs for identification AMDIS and NIST.Results. The essential oil of leaves and flowers of Сrataegus monogyna L. was obtained and its quantitative content was determined, which was 0.15±0.02 % for flowers and 0.11±0.03 % for leaves. By used chromato-mass spectrometric method in the essential oil of flowers of Сrataegus monogyna L. revealed 37 compounds, leaves – 33. In the essential oil of flowers found monoterpenoids, the content of which was 0.44 % of the total, triterpenoids 7.17 %, aromatic compounds 12.61 %. In the essential oil of leaves were found monoterpenoids 37.8 %, aromatic compounds 10.25 %, norterpenoids 3.62 %, sesquiterpenoids 4.02 %, diterpenoids 2.17 %, triterpenoids 5.08 %.Conclusions. Due to the defined component composition of the essential oil of flowers and leaves of Сrataegus monogyna L., we consider its use to create drugs of external action for the treatment of skin diseases of various etiologies caused by staphylococcal and fungal microflora.
Substantiation of technological parameters of the oil extract obtained from Urtica dioica roots based on the yield determination of phytosterols using capillary gas chromatography method
Authors: Fedorovska Mariana , Yarema Inna , Polovko Natalia , Ivanchuk Iryna
Published: December 2021

Due to the content of phytosterols, extractive preparations of Urtica dioica roots are able to show antiandrogenic effect in the case of external therapy of men and women with androgenic alopecia. Oil extracts (OE) are characterized by several advantages when applied to the skin of the scalp compared to water-alcohol extracts. For the development of OE technology from Urtica dioica roots, it is important to choose the optimal extraction parameters, which are based on the quantitative determination of phytosterols in the extractant and the studied samples of extracts.
The aim of the work is to choose the optimal parameters for obtaining OE from Urtica dioica roots based on quantitative determination of phytosterols content in experimental samples of OE by gas capillary chromatography.
Materials and methods. Objects of the research – Urtica dioica root, refined corn oil, refined sunflower oil, samples of oil extracts. Determination of phytosterol content in experimental samples was carried out by gas capillary chromatography (chromatograph “Crystal 2000”, manufacturer – research and production company “Analytics”).
Results. 5 different compounds of steroid structure (stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, etc.) were identified in sunflower oil by gas liquid chromatography, and 10 (campesterol, 2-α stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, Δ5-avenosterol, etc.) were identified in sunflower oil. The quantitative content of β-sitosterol in the sum of sterols of corn oil was significantly higher compared to the content of this substance in sunflower oil and amounted to 59.33 %. Optimal technological parameters were established considering the peculiarities of extraction with oil extractant and quantitative determination of the amount of phytosterols and β-sitosterol in experimental samples of OE. The total content of plant sterols in OE, including considering their amount in the extractant, was in the range of 7880 mg/kg; the amount of β-sitosterol was 4638 mg/kg.
Conclusion. The choice of optimal parameters for obtaining OE from UDR based on determination of phytosterol yield by gas capillary chromatography was experimentally substantiated, namely: extractant – corn oil, raw material-extract ratio – 1: 5, extraction time – 6 h, extraction method – maceration
Identification of benzydamine and its metabolit in the presence of certain anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs
Authors: Chorna Olga , Chornyi Vasyl , Сhubenko Oleksandr , Hrubnyk Ihor , Mishchenko Volodymyr , Golik Mykola
Published: December 2021

The aim of the work. Currently, a large number of cases of non-medical use of benzydamine hydrochloride have been described. The identification of benzydamine and its metabolite, benzydamine N-oxide, in the presence of some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, has been insufficiently studied. Therefore, the development of a method for its identification in biological material is an urgent task.

Materials and methods. The subjects of the study were benzydamine hydrochloride and its metabolite, as well as some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are its analogues in terms of pharmacological action. The studies were carried out by methods of thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results. At the first stage a screening method for benzydamine identification was studied using the extraction in acidic and basic conditions. It was shown that benzydamine can be isolated in both medias with subsequent development with a solution of iodoplatinate and Dragendorff's reagent according to Munier or with Mandelin reagent respectively. The mobile phase was selected and respective hRf for the target molecule were defined.

After a preliminary identification of benzydamine a reference method for the final confirmation of the drug that had led to poisoning was proposed. A robust, specific and accurate reversed phase HPLC method was chosen. It was shown that benzydamine exists in biological material mainly in a form of metabolite – benzydamine N-oxide. The selected method was able to separate and determine key analytes in biological samples after a preparative isolation by TLC method. The comparison with UV spectra of the reference standard of benzydamine hydrochloride was proposed to avoid false positive conclusion of drug identification.

Conclusions. Proposed methodology can be applied for routine identification of benzydamine poisoning in toxicological laboratories
The use of online technologies in the process of training future music teachers
Authors: Varnavska Larisa , Viktorova Margarita , Rymar Liliana
Published: December 2021

Modern graduates of higher educational institutions should be able to independently process information and be ready to acquire and use knowledge throughout their professional life. The actual task of education in the conditions that have formed in the world is the development of new educational technologies, which are added almost every year. The virtual world is becoming more and more diverse. The use of digital platforms is a pressing issue at a time when almost all information and activities are moving into the virtual world.

The article substantiates the use of digital platforms Zoom and Padlet, which are new in teaching technology. The issues of implementation of educational technologies in the process of training future teachers of musical art are considered. The capabilities of the web interface, which is the Padlet interactive whiteboard, which makes it quite popular in the education system, are analyzed. Using the capabilities of a virtual online whiteboard refers to new educational technologies. In-depth capabilities of work on the Zoom platform are shown. It has been shown, that the use of a multifunctional service affects the development of communicative and organizational skills of students. The process of connecting digital platforms Zoom and Padlet with music computer technologies is shown with specific examples. The organizational issues of conducting a practical lesson on arranging musical works using digital platforms are considered. The stages of preparation for arrangement are presented. An algorithm for creating a phonogram of a school song using Zoom and Padlet technologies, individual work and work in groups, which is one of the main issues of modern education, is shown. At the same time, the development of an integrated approach to the organization of effective educational activities in the conditions of an information and educational environment is relevant at the present time
Finding genetic factors associated with cognitive abilities
Authors: Pomohaibo Valentyn , Karapuzova Natalia , Pavlenko Yuliia
Published: December 2021

The article provides an overview of the results of modern genetic studies of human cognitive abilities. Finding genetic factors, associated with cognitive abilities, will have far-reaching ramifications at all levels of understanding from DNA to brain and to behavior. Despite its complexity, cognitive ability is a reasonable candidate for molecular genetic research because it is one of the most heritable features of behavior. The first attempts to find genetic factors, associated with cognitive abilities, focused on genes, involved in brain development and function, but this direction proved to be unproductive, as it turned out that there are about 18.000 genes, and it was too difficult to detect among them those genes that are involved in cognitive processes. In addition, a considerable number of genetic factors of human traits are single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which are in non-coding DNA regions rather than in traditional genes. The effect of each separate SNP is unimportant, and a clear expression of the general cognitive ability is noticeable only if all the associated SNPs are involved. Currently, over 11,000 such SNPs have been identified, which are uneven in different functional regions of the genome: over 60 % in gene introns, almost 30 % in intergenic DNA regions, about 5 % in gene exons, and about 5 % in transcribed regions (downstream, upstream) and frame regions (UTR'5, UTR'3) of genes. Also there are found 74 SNPs, associated with school achievements. These SNPs are disproportionately located in genes that regulate transcription and alternative splicing of other genes, which are expressed in nerve tissues of the brain during its prenatal development. Finding genetic factors that explain the inheritance of cognitive abilities is important for both science and society. Information about these factors can be used in other fields of human science – human genetics and medicine. It will open up new scientific horizons for education too owing to understanding of the genetic aspects of learning and memory
Formative assessment as a means of forming the pupil's learning trajectory
Authors: Voitkiv Halyna , Lishchynskyy Igor
Published: December 2021

The article examines the types of assessment in the modern school. The importance of formative assessment for the formation and development of personality, to achieve the designed learning outcomes, their correction and selection of tasks for individual work by each pupil to improve results is analyzed. Models of teaching in a modern school are described, and those that promote the development of individuals with «growth intelligence», for which formative assessment is used, are identified. The authour determines the principles and functions of formative assessment, the methods of formative assessment and the list of most often used methods in practice by teachers. Particular attention is paid to the benefits of using digital tools for formative assessment and to the fact of their active use by teachers, especially in blended learning. The paper proposes to design the assessment process: designing assessment by a teacher in a course and in a topic with the creation of a visualized plan for pupils and designing assessment in class with pupils through joint setting of diagnostic goals, involving pupils in planning learning activities in accordance with principles of systematicity, planning, differentiation. The value of feedback for the formation of an individual educational trajectory is determined and the conditions of its effectiveness are given. The paper notes the importance of both formative and final assessment and their integrated use: formative assessment – to provide feedback and correction of learning, final – to record learning outcomes. Conclusions are made on improving the progress of pupils in learning when planning a course, topic and lesson, which includes assessment planning, with the active position of each, conscious participation in the creation of the educational process, adjusting their own trajectory
«Individual curriculum» as a way of planning by students of vocational and technical education of their employment
Authors: Korol Sergii , Zinchenko Anna , Hlushchenko Karina
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the problem of student’s employment in the specialty of graduation at vocational education institutions. Considering the plans of some students on relearning or developing new skills in courses or internships, they need awareness of right specialty to choose and job preferably to find after graduation. The paper considers the relevant issue of research and development of individual planning methods for vocational education students in terms of their employment. The emphasis is made on this factor impact for future employment, namely its impact on the individual professional orientation and career, which can be planned through an individual curriculum i.e. balanced life planning.

An individual curriculum is a set of activities that help taking responsibility for the future by combining educational activities at school, college, work and in general throughout the career. It determines the sequence, form and pace of mastering the educational program components, own experience and other successful experiences, methods and activities necessary for achievement of the main planning goal. An individual plan is important as planning efficiently turns knowledge into skills.

The study considered based upon the "Individual curriculum" method and auxiliary test methods: "Success motivation and failure fear (questionnaire by Rean A.O.)", a test to determine the motive for a profession choice – the method of professional self-determination by J. Holland.

The research was implemented on the basis of the Sumy Chemical-Technological Center for Vocational Education, consisting of two stages of online testing with further explanation to students and their individual curricula development.

The first research stage involved students’ participation in an online quest, tests performance and obtaining explanations based on the methods of comprehensive interpretation.

The second research stage involved the method of "individual curriculum planning" based on a plan template according to the study year.