bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Experiments with Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Pulp‐Dentin Complex Regeneration
Authors: Kim Sunil , Shin Su-Jung , Song Yunjung , Kim Euiseong
Published: November 2015

In recent years, many studies have examined the pulp‐dentin complex regeneration with DPSCs. While it is important to perform research on cells, scaffolds, and growth factors, it is also critical to develop animal models for preclinical trials. The development of a reproducible animal model of transplantation is essential for obtaining precise and accurate data in vivo. The efficacy of pulp regeneration should be assessed qualitatively and quantitatively using animal models. This review article sought to introduce in vivo experiments that have evaluated the potential of dental pulp stem cells for pulp‐dentin complex regeneration. According to a review of various researches about DPSCs, the majority of studies have used subcutaneous mouse and dog teeth for animal models. There is no way to know which animal model will reproduce the clinical environment. If an animal model is developed which is easier to use and is useful in more situations than the currently popular models, it will be a substantial aid to studies examining pulp‐dentin complex regeneration.
Serum Levels of ApoA1 and ApoA2 Are Associated with Cognitive Status in Older Men
Authors: Ma Cheng , Li Jin , Bao Zhijun , Ruan Qingwei , Yu Zhuowei
Published: November 2015

Background.Advancing age, chronic inflammation, oxidative damage, and disorders of lipid metabolism are positively linked to the late-life cognitive impairment. Serum biomarkers may be associated with the cognitive status in older men.Methods.440 old male subjects with different cognitive functions were recruited to investigate probable serum markers. Pearson Chi-Squared test, univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate biomarkers which may be associated with cognitive status.Results.Levels of fundus atherosclerosis (AS) (P<0.001), age (P<0.001), serum biomarkers peroxidase (POD) (P=0.026) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (P=0.001), serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P<0.001), apolipoprotein A2 (ApoA2) (P=0.001), and ApoC2 (P=0.005) showed significant differences. Compared to group 3, ApoA1 in group 1 (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.01–1.67) and group 2 (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.11–1.94) were higher, while ApoA2 were lower (group 1: OR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.18–1.02; group 2: OR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.08–0.54) after adjusting for control variables.Conclusion.The results demonstrated that age, AS levels, POD, IL-6, HDL-C, ApoA2, and ApoC2 were significantly related to cognitive status. Moreover, ApoA1 and ApoA2 were independently associated with cognitive impairment and late-life dementia.
FloorLoc-SL: Floor Localization System with Fingerprint Self-Learning Mechanism
Authors: Khaoampai Kornkanok , Na Nakorn Kulit , Rojviboonchai Kultida
Published: November 2015

Nowadays, a mobile phone plays an important role in daily life. There are many applications developed for mobile phones. Location service application is one kind of mobile application that serves location information. GPS receiver is embedded on a mobile phone for localization. However, GPS cannot provide localization service over indoor scenario efficiently. This is because obstacles and structures of building block GPS signal from the satellites. Many indoor localization systems have been proposed but most of them are developed over single-floor scenario only. The dimension of altitudes in localization results will be missed. In this paper, we propose floor localization system. The proposed system does not need any site survey and any support from back-end server. It has a self-learning algorithm for creating fingerprint in each floor. The self-learning algorithm utilizes sensors on the mobile phone for detecting trace of mobile phone user. This algorithm is low computation complexity, which can be operated on any mobile phones. Moreover, the mobile phone can exchange fingerprints with others via virtual ad hoc network instead of learning all floor fingerprints by themselves only. Our proposed floor localization system achieves 87% of accuracy.
Early Detection of Fetal Malformation, a Long Distance Yet to Cover! Present Status and Potential of First Trimester Ultrasonography in Detection of Fetal Congenital Malformation in a Developing Country: Experience at a Tertiary Care Centre in India
Authors: Kashyap Namrata , Pradhan Mandakini , Singh Neeta , Yadav Sangeeta
Published: November 2015

Background. Early detection of malformation is tremendously improved with improvement in imaging technology. Yet in a developing country like India majority of pregnant women are not privileged to get timely diagnosis.Aims and Objectives. To assess the present status and potential of first trimester ultrasonography in detection of fetal congenital structural malformations.Methodology. This was a retrospective observational study conducted at Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences. All pregnant women had anomaly scan and women with fetal structural malformations were included.Results. Out of 4080 pregnant women undergoing ultrasound, 312 (7.6%) had fetal structural malformation. Out of 139 patients who were diagnosed after 20 weeks, 47 (33.8%) had fetal structural anomalies which could have been diagnosed before 12 weeks and 92 (66.1%) had fetal malformations which could have been diagnosed between 12 and 20 weeks.Conclusion. The first trimester ultrasonography could have identified 50% of major structural defects compared to 1.6% in the present scenario. This focuses on the immense need of the hour to gear up for early diagnosis and timely intervention in the field of prenatal detection of congenital malformation.
DeqiIs Double-Faced: The Acupuncture Practitioner’s and the Subject’s Perspective
Authors: Yin Chang Shik , Chae Younbyeong , Kang O-Seok , Kim Seung-Tae , Hahm Dae-Hyun , Park Ji-Yeun , Lee Hyejung , Park Hi-Joon
Published: November 2015

Background. While therapeutic acupuncture perception (deqi) has recently been investigated only for the subject’s perception, classical acupuncture discussed acupuncture perception for both the practitioner and the subject. The aim of this study was to explore the practitioner’s and the subject’s acupuncture perception during acupuncture.Methods. Explorative crossover study to quantitatively document acupuncture perception of both the practitioner and the subject. Eighty-one participants acted as a practitioner or a subject. The practitioner’s and the subject’s acupuncture perceptions were collected using self-report type checklists. Acupuncture needles were inserted to LI4 or ST36, adopting a four-phase method: insertion into shallow, middle, and deep depths, followed by twirling manipulation. Pain, transmission, dullness, and soreness feelings of the subject and thick, tangled, solid, and empty feelings of the practitioner were analyzed for their correlation.Results. The practitioner’s and the subject’s perception showed a significant correlation. Acupuncture perception varied over four phases of needling, with a tendency to be rated higher when inserted deep. Perception for LI4 was generally higher than those for ST36.Conclusion. The practitioner’s acupuncture perception was successfully documented and analyzed in relation to the subject’s acupuncture perception and different needling conditions.
Integration of Spirituality in Medical Education in Iran: A Qualitative Exploration of Requirements
Authors: Memaryan Nadereh , Rassouli Maryam , Nahardani Seyedeh Zahra , Amiri Parisa
Published: November 2015

Background. Healthcare system has needed to provide spiritual services, and one of the reasons for not addressing spirituality in this field is lack of training in this area. This study purpose is to explore and identify main requirements for designing this education, in Iran.Materials and Methods. This is a qualitative study with conventional content analysis method. 18 participants, who were main stakeholders in spirituality, medical education, and curriculum development, were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected using semistructured interviews, which continued until data saturation.Results. Three main themes and their categories were extracted from analysis of data. The themes are (1) educational needs including clinical practice needs; (2) opportunities including rich background and backup, perceived clinical need, and right context of medical education for change; and (3) challenges including challenges in academic planning and barriers to implementation.Conclusion. All stakeholders acknowledged the need for addressing spirituality in formal medical education. It seems that implementation of such programs requires attention to facilitating factors and challenges proposed by those involved.
Onycholysis and Chromonychia: A Case Caused by Trichosporon inkin
Authors: Ortega-Springall María Fernanda , Arroyo-Escalante Sara , Arenas Roberto
Published: November 2015

Yeasts cause only 5-10% of onychomycosis; the most common yeast is Candida albicans, and rarely Trichosporon spp. is found. Recently, it has become an important cause of fungemia with a high mortality rate in immunocompromised patients. Superficial infections caused by Trichosporon spp., including piedra and onychomycosis, occur in immunocompetent patients. Herein, we report a case of a fungal nail infection characterized by onycholysis and chromonychia caused by Trichosporon inkin.
Revisiting the Criteria for Exchange Transfusion for Severe Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia in Resource-Limited Settings
Authors: Olusanya Bolajoko O. , Imam Zainab O. , Emokpae Abieyuwa A. , Iskander Iman F.
Published: November 2015

Background: Exchange transfusion (ET) for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (SNH) is frequently undertaken in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), in sharp contrast to the prevailing practice in high-income countries. However, the criteria for initiating this procedure in settings with limited resources for treating infants with SNH have not been systematically explored. Objective: To identify key considerations for initiating ET in resource-poor countries to curtail its unnecessary use for the prevention of kernicterus. Methods: A review of the existing guidelines and literature on the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia worldwide was conducted to identify criteria and underlying factors for initiating ET. Results: There is a dearth of evidence from randomized clinical trials to support clear criteria for indicated ET worldwide. Because risk assessment for kernicterus based solely on the levels of total serum bilirubin (TSB) has often proved inadequate, a combination of plasma/serum bilirubin estimation and clinical evaluation for acute bilirubin encephalopathy (ABE) has been recommended for predicting the risk of kernicterus. However, there is a lack of consistency regarding the TSB levels for which ET should be initiated in relation to the clinical signs/symptoms of ABE and hemolytic disorders. Conclusions: A decision-making framework that combines TSB thresholds and evidence of neurotoxicity is needed for evaluating the risk of kernicterus and prioritising infants for ET in LMICs to curtail unnecessary interventions.
Material Traces: Performativity, Artistic “Work,” and New Concepts of Agency
Authors: Jones Amelia
Published: November 2015

A new genre of hybrid artworks involving elements of performance, conceptualism, sculpture, and installation practices evokes complex art experiences that are performative yet exist in various material forms—including, implicitly or explicitly, that of the artist’s laboring body. These works call for new ways of engaging that do not dwell on final objects or celebrate “authentic” presence but understand the relational tensions and seductions between human and nonhuman.
History in the Present Progressive: Sonic Imposture at The Pedicord Apts
Authors: Blocker Jane
Published: November 2015

Scholars often think of sound, even recorded sound, as having a special relationship to the real that other historical artifacts do not. But if sound is a material thing, and things can be, from a new materialist perspective, “quasi-agents,” is it possible that sound is an agent that poses or acts? Three “scenes of history” utilizing recorded sound—Beckett’s Krapp’s Last Tape, archival recordings of FDR, and a sound installation by Edward and Nancy Kienholz—provide diverse contexts through which to investigate the nature of sound’ s material agency.
Practices of Enchantment: The Theatre of Zora Neale Hurston
Authors: Biers Katherine
Published: November 2015

Contemporary critical work in the field of new materialism, whose practitioners take seriously the concept of nonhuman agency, has largely neglected the genres of theatre and performance. African American author and folklorist Zora Neale Hurston’s folk revues of the 1930s offer an opportunity to examine the intersections between contemporary new materialist theory and the stage, revealing that black Atlantic performance practices have long explored concepts of nonhuman agency in the service of a cultural and racial politics.
Australian and New Guinean Stingless Bees of the Genus Austroplebeia Moure (Hymenoptera: Apidae)—a revision
Authors: DOLLIN ANNE E. , DOLLIN LESLIE J. , RASMUSSEN CLAUS
Published: November 2015

The stingless bee genus Austroplebeia Moure occurring in Australia and New Guinea is revised, based on a morphological analysis of samples from 177 colonies. Five species are recognised: A. cincta (Mocsáry), A. essingtoni (Cockerell), A. australis (Friese), A. cassiae (Cockerell) and A. magna, sp. nov. Three different colour morphs of A. australis are described. Five new synonymies are proposed: A. cockerelli (Rayment), A. ornata (Rayment), A. percincta (Cockerell) and A. websteri (Rayment) = A. australis; A. symei (Rayment) = A. cassiae. Workers, males and queens are described for all species. Populations of A. cincta, recently found in Queensland, Australia, are compared with A. cincta from the type locality and other areas in New Guinea. A lectotype is designated for A. percincta (Cockerell). Provenance of type material is discussed. A key to the species, distributions and nest descriptions are provided.
On the taxonomy of the genera Proneca Swinhoe, 1890, Ctenane Swinhoe, 1905 and Selca Walker, 1866 (Lepidoptera, Nolidae, Nolinae), with the description of two new species from Sumatra
Authors: LÁSZLÓ GYULA M. , RONKAY GÁBOR , RONKAY LÁSZLÓ
Published: November 2015

Present paper contains the characterisation of the genera Proneca Swinhoe, 1890, Ctenane Swinhoe, 1905, and Selca Walker, 1866, and their species, with the description of two new species, Proneca brunneostriata sp. n. and Ctenane         michaeli sp. n., from Sumatra. Two new combinations and a new synonymy are established. With 32 colour photos and 24 genitalia figures.
Metamodeling of Droplet Activation for Global Climate Models
Authors: Rothenberg Daniel , Wang Chien
Published: November 2015

The nucleation of cloud droplets from the ambient aerosol is a critical physical process that must be resolved for global models to faithfully predict aerosol–cloud interactions and aerosol indirect effects on climate. To better represent droplet nucleation from a complex, multimodal, and multicomponent aerosol population within the context of a global model, a new metamodeling framework is applied to derive an efficient and accurate activation parameterization. The framework applies polynomial chaos expansion to a detailed parcel model in order to derive an emulator that maps thermodynamic and aerosol parameters to the supersaturation maximum achieved in an adiabatically ascending parcel and can be used to diagnose droplet number from a single lognormal aerosol mode. The emulator requires much less computational time to build, store, and evaluate than a high-dimensional lookup table. Compared to large sample sets from the detailed parcel model, the relative error in the predicted supersaturation maximum and activated droplet number computed with the best emulator is and (one standard deviation), respectively. On average, the emulators constructed here are as accurate and between 10 and 17 times faster than a leading physically based activation parameterization. Because the underlying parcel model being emulated resolves size-dependent droplet growth factors, the emulator captures kinetic limitations on activation. The results discussed in this work suggest that this metamodeling framework can be extended to accurately account for the detailed activation of a complex aerosol population in an arbitrary coupled global aerosol–climate model.
A Qualitative Analysis of NWS Forecasters’ Use of Phased-Array Radar Data during Severe Hail and Wind Events
Authors: Bowden Katie A. , Heinselman Pamela L.
Published: November 2015

The 2013 Phased Array Radar Innovative Sensing Experiment (PARISE) investigated the impacts of higher-temporal-resolution radar data on National Weather Service forecasters’ warning decision processes during severe hail and wind events. In total, 12 forecasters participated in the 2013 PARISE over a 6-week period during the summer of 2013. Participants were assigned to either a control [5-min phased-array radar (PAR) updates] or experimental (1-min PAR updates) group, and worked two cases in simulated real time. This paper focuses on the qualitative retrospective reports of participants’ warning decision processes that were collected using the recent case walk-through method. Timelines of participants’ warning decision process were created for both cases, which were then thematically coded according to a situational awareness framework. Coded themes included perception, comprehension, and projection. It was found that the experimental group perceived significantly more information during both cases than the control group (case 1 p = 0.045 and case 2 p = 0.041), which may have improved the quality of their comprehensions and projections. Analysis of timelines reveals that 1-min PAR updates were important to the experimental group’s more timely and accurate warning decisions. Not only did the 1-min PAR updates enable experimental participants to perceive precursor signatures earlier than control participants, but through monitoring trends in radar data, the experimental group was able to better detect storm motion, more accurately identify expected weather threats from severe thunderstorms, more easily observe strengthening and diminishing trends in storms, and make more correct tornado-related warning decisions.
The Usefulness of Preoperative Thyroid‐Stimulating Hormone for Predicting Differentiated Thyroid Microcarcinoma
Authors: Shi Rong‐liang , Liao Tian , Qu Ning , Liang Fei , Chen Jia‐ying , Ji Qing‐hai
Published: November 2015

Objective

Thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) is a known thyroid growth factor, but the pathogenic role of TSH in thyroid tumorigenesis is controversial. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between preoperative TSH and differentiated thyroid microcarcinoma (DTMC).

Data Sources

We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from their inception to March 2015 and performed a systematic literature review of original studies.

Review Methods

Published studies that explored the relationship between preoperative TSH and DTMC were included for the review. We calculated odds ratio referring to different TSH concentrations between DTMC and control groups and used random effects model for the meta‐analysis.

Results

Nine eligible studies that included 6523 patients were identified. Meta‐analysis revealed that DTMC was associated with high TSH concentration (odds ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval = 1.03‐1.46, P =. 001). Metaregression analysis indicated that the disparity of control groups was the possible factor resulting in heterogeneity among the studies.

Conclusions

The risk of DTMC increases significantly in parallel with TSH concentration. These results support the hypothesis that TSH is involved in tumorgenesis of differentiated thyroid cancer.
Combined inhibition of complement and CD14 improved outcome in porcine polymicrobial sepsis
Authors: Skjeflo Espen W. , Sagatun Caroline , Dybwik Knut , Aam Sturla , Urving Sven H. , Nunn Miles A. , Fure Hilde , Lau Corinna , Brekke Ole-Lars , Huber-Lang Markus , Espevik Terje , Barratt-Due Andreas , Nielsen Erik W. , Mollnes Tom E.
Published: November 2015

Introduction

Sepsis is an exaggerated and dysfunctional immune response to infection. Activation of innate immunity recognition systems including complement and the Toll-like receptor family initiate this disproportionate inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of combined inhibition of the complement component C5 and the Toll-like receptor co-factor CD14 on survival, hemodynamic parameters and systemic inflammation including complement activation in a clinically relevant porcine model of polymicrobial sepsis.

Methods

Norwegian landrace piglets (4 ± 0.5 kg) were blindly randomized to a treatment group (n = 12) receiving the C5 inhibitor coversin (OmCI) and anti-CD14 or to a positive control group (n = 12) receiving saline. Under anesthesia, sepsis was induced by a 2 cm cecal incision and the piglets were monitored in standard intensive care for 8 hours. Three sham piglets had a laparotomy without cecal incision or treatment. Complement activation was measured as sC5b-9 using enzyme immunoassay. Cytokines were measured with multiplex technology.

Results

Combined C5 and CD14 inhibition significantly improved survival (p = 0.03). Nine piglets survived in the treatment group and four in the control group. The treatment group had significantly lower pulmonary artery pressure (p = 0.04) and ratio of pulmonary artery pressure to systemic artery pressure (p < 0.001). Plasma sC5b-9 levels were significantly lower in the treatment group (p < 0.001) and correlated significantly with mortality (p = 0.006). IL-8 and IL-10 were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the treatment group.

Conclusions

Combined inhibition of C5 and CD14 significantly improved survival, hemodynamic parameters and inflammation in a blinded, randomized trial of porcine polymicrobial sepsis.
Bioprocessing strategies for the large-scale production of human mesenchymal stem cells: a review
Authors: Panchalingam Krishna M. , Jung Sunghoon , Rosenberg Lawrence , Behie Leo A.
Published: November 2015

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), also called mesenchymal stromal cells, have been of great interest in regenerative medicine applications because of not only their differentiation potential but also their ability to secrete bioactive factors that can modulate the immune system and promote tissue repair. This potential has initiated many early-phase clinical studies for the treatment of various diseases, disorders, and injuries by using either hMSCs themselves or their secreted products. Currently, hMSCs for clinical use are generated through conventional static adherent cultures in the presence of fetal bovine serum or human-sourced supplements. However, these methods suffer from variable culture conditions (i.e., ill-defined medium components and heterogeneous culture environment) and thus are not ideal procedures to meet the expected future demand of quality-assured hMSCs for human therapeutic use. Optimizing a bioprocess to generate hMSCs or their secreted products (or both) promises to improve the efficacy as well as safety of this stem cell therapy. In this review, current media and methods for hMSC culture are outlined and bioprocess development strategies discussed.
Vehicle Borne Improvised Explosive Device (VBIED) Characterisation and Estimation of its Effects in Terms of Human Injury
Authors: Yokohama Hiroshi , Sunde Jadranka , Ellis-Steinborner Simon T. , Ayubi Zelaikhah
Published: November 2015

A vehicle borne improvised explosive device (VBIED) is commonly used by insurgents and terrorists to cause military and civilian casualties as well as inflict severe damage to buildings and structures. In order to mitigate and protect against such a threat, a better understanding of the VBIED blast and fragmentation effects is needed. In this paper, the results of the modelling and simulation of VBIED effects on personnel using empirical data are presented. The human casualty predictions were made in terms of injury types and levels in a free field scenario using different software modelling tools. Based on these results, evacuation or safety distances for the particular VBIED scenarios used were determined.
Pedagogical Interaction in the Context of Individual Adjustive Behavior
Authors: Кондратьева  , Kondrateva Olga
Published: November 2015

The article discusses the content and structure of pedagogical

interaction as the realization of unconscious and conscious

activity from the standpoint of the individual adjustive behavior.

The structure of the "adjustment" concept is discovered. Stages of

pedagogical interaction in the system of consistent accentuation of

psychological formations of the unconscious and conscious regions

of the mind are identified. Analysis of demands of a teacher’s individual

adjustive behavior is provided.
Cash-Flow News and the Investment Effect in the Cross Section of Stock Returns
Authors: Mao Mike Qinghao , Wei K. C. John
Published: November 2015

This study provides novel evidence that cash-flow news quantitatively explains the investment effect in the cross section of stock returns. The negative return predictability of asset growth, investment growth, and accruals is evident only through the cash-flow news component of returns. The cash-flow news returns associated with investment-sorted portfolios exhibit a reversal from the preformation period to the postformation period. Such a return reversal is in line with reversals in firm fundamentals and becomes stronger for stocks with higher information uncertainty. Our findings are consistent with the expectational errors hypothesis and fail to support the risk-based explanation for the investment effect.

This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
When the Bases of Social Hierarchy Collide: Power Without Status Drives Interpersonal Conflict
Authors: Anicich Eric M. , Fast Nathanael J. , Halevy Nir , Galinsky Adam D.
Published: November 2015

Leveraging the social hierarchy literature, the present research offers a role-based account of the antecedents of interpersonal conflict. Specifically, we suggest that the negative feelings and emotions resulting from the experience of occupying a low-status position interact with the action-facilitating effects of power to produce vicious cycles of interpersonal conflict and demeaning behavior. Five studies demonstrate that power without status leads to interpersonal conflict and demeaning treatment, both in specific dyadic work relationships and among organizational members more broadly. Study 1 provides initial support for the prediction that employees in low-status/high-power roles engage in more conflict with coworkers than all other combinations of status and power. In Studies 2a and 2b, a yoked experimental design replicated this effect and established low-status/high-power roles as a direct source of the interpersonal conflict and demeaning treatment. Study 3 used an experimental manipulation of relative status and power within specific dyadic relationships in the workplace and found evidence of a vicious cycle of interpersonal conflict and demeaning treatment within any dyad that included a low-status/high-power individual. Finally, Study 4 utilized survey and human resource data from a large government agency to replicate the power without status effect on interpersonal conflict and demonstrate that power interacts with subjective status change to produce a similar effect; increasing the status of a high-power role reduces conflict whereas decreasing its status increases conflict. Taken together, these findings offer a role-based account of interpersonal conflict and highlight the importance of making a theoretical distinction between status and power.
A route-map to success
Authors: Walton Dan
Published: November 2015

Middle leaders will often find themselves charged with driving a whole-school or whole-department initiative to raise achievement or close the gap. Dan Walton offers his advice on how to ensure yours is a success
Exceptional teacher development
Authors: Weston David
Published: November 2015

What does exceptional CPD look like and how can school leaders ensure they achieve this for their teachers? David Weston looks at the research and some examples of best practice
Consumer Engagement in Health IT: Distinguishing Rhetoric from Reality
Authors: Gold Marsha , Hossain Mynti , Mangum Amy
Published: November 2015

Rationale. Policymakers want health information technology (health IT) to support
consumer engagement to help achieve national health goals. In this paper, we review the
evidence to compare the rhetoric with the reality of current practice .Current Reality
and Barriers, . Our environmental scan shows that consumer demand exists for electronic
access to personal health information, but that technical and system or political
barriers still limit the value of the available information and its potential
benefits.Conclusions and Policy Implications. There is a gap between current reality and
the goals for consumer engagement. Actions that may help bridge this gap include: (1)
resolving technical barriers to health information exchange (HIE); (2) developing more
consumer-centric design and functionality; (3) reinforcing incentives that attract
provider support by showing that consumer engagement is in their interest; and (4)
building a stronger empirical case to convince decision makers that consumer engagement
will lead to better care, improved health outcomes, and lower costs.
Simulation of Thin Film Thermocouple for High Temperature Measurement Applicable to Missiles
Authors: Sonker Manoj Kumar , Dewal M. L.
Published: November 2015

Thermocouples have been extensively used for the measurement of temperature since the advent of seebeck effect. Numerous sensors have been developed for temperature measurement, yet measurement of high temperature flowing fluid has been a challenging task. For the measurement of static temperature the measuring device should travel with the fluid at the same speed without disturbing the flow, which is quite unrealistic. So indirect determination of static temperature of flowing fluid is done by using thermocouple exposed into the flowing fluid. Other sensors available for high temperature measurement may lead to problems like resistance in the flow path of fluid which changes the structural dynamics. Thin film thermocouple (TFTC) based on W-W26Re for super high temperature measurement has been investigated which can be used in missiles for surface temperature measurement of nozzle and rocket interior surface. TFTC does not cause disruption in the flow path with maintaining structural integrity. The W-W26Re thermocouple offers advantage of higher seebeck coefficient at high temperature i.e. above 750 K, and usability in vacuum, inert and hydrogen atmosphere. Zirconia Fiber has been proposed as insulation protection material over thermocouple. Modelling and simulation of the TFTC for the temperature range 300 K - 2900 K has been presented. FEA model using PDE has been presented to implement heat equation, current balance  quation, Gauss theorem and Neumann boundary condition. The expected voltage production on exposed temperature gradient has been studied.
Numerical Characterisation of Jet-Vane based Thrust Vector Control Systems
Authors: Chandra Murthy M.S.R. , Chakraborty Debasis
Published: November 2015

Computational fluid dynamics methodology was used in characterising jet vane based thrust vector control systems of tactical missiles. Three-dimensional Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations were solved along with two-equation turbulence model for different operating conditions. Nonlinear regression analysis was applied to the detailed CFD database to evolve a mathematical model for the thrust vector control system. The developed model was validated with series of ground based 6-Component static tests. The proven methodology is applied toa new configuration.

Defence Science Journal, Vol. 65, No. 4, July 2015, pp. 261-264, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.65.7960
Influence of Temperature and Time Shifts on the Densification of Randomly Oriented Carbon/Carbon Composite
Authors: Raunija Thakur Sudesh Kumar
Published: November 2015

The efforts were made to improve the hot-pressing method of carbon/carbon (C/C) composite fabrication. The C/C composite was fabricated by hot-pressing the slurry moulded compact followed by carbonisation. The temperature and time shifts during hot-pressing were made in order to see their effect on the densification. Their effect was checked through visual inspection, density measurement, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, and mechanical properties evaluation. The results showed that the temperature shift yielded in significant increase in the density after hot-pressing. Further, the density pick up instead of fall after carbonisation was noticed. The results further showed that the time shift too yielded in significant enhancement of density after hot-pressing and showed the pattern after carbonisation similar to the temperature shift. And also showed that the shifts of both temperature and time yielded in significant increase in density and moderate increase in mechanical properties.
Design and Analysis of Fusion Algorithm for Multi-Frame Super-Resolution Image Reconstruction using Framelet
Authors: Abraham Sundar K. Joseph , Vaithiyanathan V. , Thangadurai G. Raja Singh , Namdeo Naveen
Published: November 2015

A enhanced fusion algorithm for generating a super resolution image from a sequence of low-resolution images captured from identical scene apparently a video, based on framelet have been designed and analyzed. In this paper an improved analytical method of image registration is used which integrates nearest neighbor method and gradient method. Comparing to Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) the Framelet Transform (FrT) have tight frame filter bank that offers symmetry and permits shift in invariance. Therefore using framelet this paper also present a framelet based enhanced fusion for choosing the fused framelet co-efficient that provides detailed edges and good spatial information with adequate de-noising. The proposed algorithm also has high advantage and computationally fast which are most needed for satellite imaging, medical imaging diagnosis, military surveillance, remote sensing etc.

Defence Science Journal, Vol. 65, No. 4, July 2015, pp. 292-299, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.65.8265
Design of Reliable Analog DMTL Phase Shifter with Improved Performance for Ku Band Applications
Authors: Pandey Shilpi , Bansal Deepak , Jhanwar Prachi , Verma Seema , Rangra K.J.
Published: November 2015

An analog phase shifter based on distributed MEMS transmission line (DMTL) is designed for Ku band applications. Traditional RF MEMS phase shifter comprising 6 switches has limited phase shift of 37.75° due to instability region. A new concept of stopper is incorporated to achieve high phase shift. In the present paper, optimisation of the analog phase shifter is done to increase its phase shift upto 88.63°. Phase shift is a strong function of capacitance ratio which is increased from 1.75 to 2.95. The maximum operating voltage and mechanical resonant frequency for the phase shifter are 16 V and 8.3 KHz, respectively. The switching time is calculated to 56 μs. The simulated insertion loss of the phase shifter is -1.75 dB with return loss of -20.49 dB at 17 GHz. The simulated results are verified with analytical modelling which are in close match.
X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Severely Cold Deformed Hypereutectoid Steel Wire
Authors: Bargujer S. S. , Suri N. M. , Belokar R. M.
Published: November 2015

Hypereutectoid steel wire rod of diameter 6.40 mm is lead patented in lead bath of an electric powered furnace and then it is cold drawn through converging conical dies in a die sequence up to 2.50 mm diameter. The drawn wires subjected to different true strain are analysed using line profile X-ray diffraction methods. The classical Williamson-Hall plot as well as modified Williamson-Hall plot of drawn wire specimens of different true strain is plotted. The theoretical as well as experimental value of q is evaluated. The q is a parameter which depends up on elastic constant of the crystal and type of dislocations. The changes in nature of dislocations from edge dislocations to screw dislocations are calculated against true strain and are verified by scanned electron microscopy’s micrograph of drawn wire.
Modelling and Simulation of IDMA-OFDM for Underwater Acoustic Communication
Authors: More Sangram , Naik K. Krishna
Published: November 2015

The Ocean exhibits phenomenon of changing acoustic signal transmission due to its non-stationary nature. Water columns in between transmitter and receiver are not fixed at any point of time. Thus, designing of a wireless communication systems for underwater applications becomes significantly challenging. The speed of sound in water is 1500 m/s which introduces large delay spread in acoustic signal due to multipath phenomenon. The large time delay causes Inter-symbol Interference; this ISI degrades the performance of many receivers. However orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is multi-tone modulation reduces long time delay spreads of acoustic channels. The interleave division multiple access distinguishes each user with the unique random interleaver code. The IDMA-OFDM is superior design for reducing error bursts in multi-access underwater applications. A Simulink based simulation modell of IDMA-OFDM system has been discussed in this paper. Satisfactory performance of the implementation was observed through analysis of BER with respect to SNR. The results have been concluded by comparing simulated data in BER tool of Simulink.

Defence Science Journal, Vol. 65, No. 4, July 2015, pp. 307-311, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.65.8606
Numerical Simulation on Jet Formation of Shaped Charge with Different Liner Materials
Authors: Wang Cheng , Ding Jianxu , Zhao Haitao
Published: November 2015

In this paper, the effect of liner material of the shaped charge on jet formation and its penetration capability is investigated by experimental and numerical methods. Liner materials investigated in this paper are copper, steel, and aluminium, respectively. Pulse X-ray photographic technology to shoot the formation of jet is employed to obtain the tip velocity and the diameter of jet. A two-dimensional multi-material code is designed to simulate the entire process from jet formation to penetrating a target. A markers on cell lines method is utilised to treat the multi-material interface. The results show that aluminium jet has the highest velocity with the poorest penetration capability. Copper jet has the strongest penetration capability with a velocity higher than that of steel jet, but lower than that of aluminium jet. The simulated results agree with the experimental results very well. It also indicates that the code developed can not only address large distortion problems but also track the variation of multi-material interfaces. It is favourable to simulate the explosive loading on thin-wall structure such as shaped charge. It is proved that authors’ method is feasible and reliable for optimising the structure of shaped charge jet to dramatically improve its tip velocity and penetration capability, and provides an important theoretic basis for designing high explosive anti-tank warhead.

Defence Science Journal, Vol. 65, No. 4, July 2015, pp. 279-286, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.65.8648
Insights into Responses to Extreme Environmental Conditions in Humans from Studies on Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Meena Ramesh C. , Chakrabarti Amitabha
Published: November 2015

The versatility of the yeast experimental model has aided in innumerable ways in the understanding of fundamental cellular functions and has also contributed towards the elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying several pathological conditions in humans. Genome-wide expression, functional, localization and interaction studies on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae exposed to various stressors have made profound contributions towards the understanding of stress response pathways. Analysis of gene expression data from S. cerevisiae cells indicate that the expression of a common set of genes is altered upon exposure to all the stress conditions examined. This common response to multiple stressors is known as the Environmental stress response. Knowledge gained from studies on the yeast model has now become helpful in understanding stress response pathways and associated disease conditions in humans. Cross-species microarray experiments and analysis of data with ever improving computational methods has led to a better comparison of gene expression data between diverse organisms that include yeast and humans.
Technical Diagnostics of Tank Cannon Smooth Barrel Bore and Ramming Device
Authors: Balla Jiri , Prochazka Stanislav , Jankovych Robert , Beer Stanislav , Krist Zbynek , Kovarik Michal
Published: November 2015

The technical diagnostics of 125 mm tank cannon 2A46 smooth barrel and ramming devices are discussed respectively. Focuses on barrel diagnostics and suggests new procedures based on reconstructed BG20 Gun Barrel Bore Gauge System, measuring internal diameter of the barrel bore. The new system measures throughout the whole barrel bore the inner diameter not only at the beginning of barrel bore as it was usually measured before. Different nature of barrel wear was revealed between barrels firing sub-calibre and high explosive projectiles. A method for ramming device diagnostics is presented. An accurate method was proposed, determining projectile extraction force from barrel, as one of the main ramming device parameters for weapons that are used in all areas of armed forces. Results are based on experimental methods assessing the extraction forces from barrel after projectile loading. These tests were performed as a series of tests with consequent technical diagnostics according to the new Czech Defence Standards (derived from NATO standards). The results are presented as the new methodologies for diagnostics of 125 mm barrel 2A46 and ramming devices of tank T-72 for use by technical logistic units in the Czech Republic Armed Forces.
94 GHz Radiometer for Benchmarking its Operational Parameters for the Remote Detecton of Concealed Threat
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Jassal B.S.
Published: November 2015

Standoff detection of concealed threat, using millimeter wave radiometer, is being experimented worldwide for enhancing the frame rate and detection probability, as an alternative to personnel frisking, for enhancing passenger service rate and avoiding exposure to harmful radiations. The development of 94 GHz Dicke radiometer and experimentation to bench mark its operational parameters like spatial sampling rate, scan rate and dwell time for the detection of concealed threat, under the fabrics of a human is described. The experimentation provided operational methodology and imaging phenomenology in a given background for the detection of metallic threats. The experimental results have established that radiometer can be considered as an alternate to frisking of personnel and celebrities at public places for security reasons.
Verification of the Efficacy of the Special Water Shaped Charge Prototype
Authors: Lichorobiec Stanislav , Barcova Karla
Published: November 2015

On the basis of an analysis of terrorist attacks carried out worldwide, where in recent years a preference for the use of bulk explosives placed in vehicles prevails, effective protection against these malicious explosive-containing systems that have a single goal - to cause death and significant material damage in a large radius is dealt. These improvised explosive devices are, in pyrotechnical terms, ranked as one of the most effective weapons, with a highly destructive character of explosive effect. A special water shaped charge that is able to destructively disassemble a bomb without initiation has been developed as an effective invasive means of eliminating similarly designed terrorist explosives hidden in cars, a condition which allows for considerable variation in location.
Poly Fractal Boundary Circularly Polarised Microstrip Antenna for WLAN/Wi-MAX Wireless Applications
Authors: Reddy V.V. , Sarma N.V.S.N.
Published: November 2015

The design of circularly polarised multiband poly fractal boundary microstrip antenna is proposed and experimentally studied. Initially the two orthogonal sides of the square patch are replaced with different fractal curves for circular polarisation (CP) radiation. Along the x and y axes, Minkowski and Koch fractal curves are employed. A 45° rotated poly fractal slot is embedded at the center of the fractal patch for triband CP operation. The indentation depths and indentation angles of the Minkowski and Koch fractal curves are optimised for better CP emission. The inserted fractal slot redistributes the current elements on the patch for tri band CP radiation. The measured 3-dB axial ratio bandwidths of the proposed antenna at 2.4 GHz, 3.4 GHz, and 5.8 GHz are 1.53 per cent, 0.81 per cent, and 1.62 per cent respectively, making it an able candidate for WLAN and Wi-MAX wireless applications.
Effect of Ply Orientation on Strength and Failure Mode of Pin Jointed Unidirectional Glass-epoxy Nanoclay Laminates
Authors: Singh Manjeet , Bhunia H. , Saini J. S.
Published: November 2015

In the present work the effect of the different ply orientations and nano filler on the bearing strength and failure mode of the pin joints is investigated both experimentally and numerically. Glass-epoxy composite laminates were prepared with [0°/45°/90°], [0°/45°/0°] and [0°/90°/0°] ply orientations. Nanoclay filler with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5wt% were added in the epoxy for the said orientations to prepare the pin joints. Results show that the strength of the pin joints is drastically dependent on both ply orientations and nanofiller wt%. The joint geometry i.e., the distance from the free edge of specimen to the diameter of the hole (E/D) ratio and width of the specimen to the diameter of the holes (W/D) ratio were also investigated which effected the failure mode of the joints. Tsai-Wu failure theory along with the characteristics curve method was used for the prediction of failure modes numerically.
A kernel method for higher temporal resolution MRI using the partial separability (PS) model
Authors: Feng Xiang , Xie Guoxi , Liu Xin , Qiu Bensheng
Published: November 2015

The partial separability (PS) model for spatiotemporal signals has been exploited effectively for sparse (k, t)-space sampling in dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the training data for defining the temporal subspace is reordered by using a projection strategy in the conventional PS model-based method, which results in a suboptimal temporal resolution imaging. To address this issue, a kernel method was presented in this work to reorder the training data to realize a higher temporal resolution MRI. Numerical simulation results show that the MRI temporal resolution could be further improved and the dynamic change of motion object could be accurately captured by the proposed method. In vivo cardiac cine MRI results demonstrate that the proposed method can reconstruct better MR images with higher temporal resolution (up to 8.4 ms per snapshot). This study may find use in ultra-high resolution dynamic MRI.