bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 AND MICE EVENTS: UNPACKING THE FACTORS MEDIATING THE RETURN OF IN-PERSON EVENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors:   School of Tourism & Hospitality, College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, LEKGAU Refiloe Julia , TICHAAWA Tembi Maloney ,   School of Tourism & Hospitality, College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
Published: December 2022

The shift to virtual events by the MICE sector was one of the first strategies adopted by the sector in response to the restrictions imposed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the factors mediating the return of in-person MICE events in South Africa. Utilising a qualitative research design, interviews with MICE event planners, professional associations, and governing authorities reveal that live events are perceived to have greater potential to attain local economic development benefits and MICE event legacies. Additionally, the limitations of virtual events had a subsequent effect on networking, direct selling, and other main motives for attending MICE events. The return of in-person events began with stimulating the local market and exploring more hybrid events. Overall, the study presents the resilience of in-person MICE events, examining the various steps taken to ensure its return post-COVID-19.
Evaluation of improved potato cultivars according to their agronomic traits under the conditions of Murmansk Province
Authors: Zhigadlo T. E.
Published: December 2022

Background. The main objective of the Polar Experiment Station is to maintain and preserve the global potato collection of VIR. The collection is replenished with new improved potato cultivars. Their main agronomic traits are studied: earliness, productivity, starch content in tubers, resistance to viruses and fungi, etc. After three years of evaluation, cultivars are transferred to the maintenance collection.

Materials and methods. Thirteen new potato accessions the from VIR collection were studied in 2018–2020 for valuable agronomic traits under the extreme conditions of Murmansk Province using VIR’s guidelines.

Results and conclusions. The study made it possible to characterize this set of accessions according to their phenological parameters, earliness, productivity, and disease resistance. Accessions that exceeded the reference (‘Khibinskiy ranniy’, k-6928) in a number of indicators were identified. Three accessions demonstrated the best productivity across the years of the study: k-25327 (local from Georgia), k-25330 (‘KazSIP’) and k-25314 (‘Arizona’). Accession k-25311 (‘Gornyak’) was selected for earliness, productivity, and marketability of tubers; k-25302 (‘Babayev’) was identified for its productivity and high marketability of tubers; k-25302 (Arrow’) showed high productivity, high marketability of tubers, and large tuber size. The accessions selected for their starch content were k-25330 (‘KazSIP’) and k-25327 (local from Georgia). Six potato accessions were not affected by fungal diseases: k-25258 (‘Sunkar’), k-25302 (‘Babayev’), k-25311 (‘Gornyak’), k-25314 (‘Arizona’), k-25339 (‘Bravo’) and k-25317 (‘B-O-E’). Symptoms of viral diseases were not found in k-25311 (‘Gornyak’), k-25321 (‘Labadia’), k-25327 (local from Georgia), k-25336 (‘Ametist’) and k-25318 (‘Cogu Valley’). The results of the study made it possible to recommend them for new potato breeding programs in Murmansk Province.
Source material from crosses among Solanum L. spp. for potato breeding
Authors: Zoteyeva N. M. , Evdokimova Z. Z.
Published: December 2022

Background. Late blight (agent: Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary) is one of the most destructive diseases for potato. The climate conditions in the northwest of Russia are very favorable for annual late blight infestation. Spreading of the pathogen leads to significant harvest losses. A promising breeding strategy is to expand the genetic diversity of resistance sources.

Materials and methods. Resistance of experimental hybrid clones to late blight, their ability to form tubers under long daylight conditions, and a number of agronomic traits were studied using standard methods.

Results. Long-term evaluation data were obtained for original interspecies potato hybrids concerning their resistance to late blight. The hybrids were also assessed for their yield and agronomic tuber characteristics. Some of the produced interspecies hybrids demonstrated field resistance to late blight, high tuber yield, and good agronomic traits. Clones derived from some cross combinations significantly exceeded both parents in tuber yield per plant and tuber size.

Conclusions. Crosses between potato cultivars and various late blight resistance sources made it possible to combine in hybrid clones the genes of wild and cultivated Andean species and Solanum tuberosum L. with different pedigrees. Productive hybrid clones with resistance to late blight and good agronomic characteristics promise to become useful material for potato breeding programs.
Genetic diversity analysis of apricots from Dagestan using SSR markers
Authors: Anatov D. M. , Suprun I. I. , Stepanov I. V. , Tokmakov S. V.
Published: December 2022

Background. This publication presents the results of a study into the genetic structure of apricot genotypes from Dagestan using the SSR genotyping technique. The importance of the study is seen in the still underexplored gene pool of Dagestani apricot at the genetic level. With this in view, an assessment of the Dagestani apricot genetic diversity, followed by an analysis of its genetic structure, is of theoretical and practical interest.

Materials and methods. The study included 27 apricot genotypes of Dagestani origin: 9 advanced contemporary cultivars and hybrids, 15 seed selections and landraces, and 3 wild forms. Eight SSR markers were used for the genetic diversity analysis: H1-3, A1-91, H2-79, H1-26-2, H2-16, A1-17, RPPG1-032, and RPPG3-026.

Results. The UPGMA and NJ dendrogram construction techniques revealed the genetic similarity among the Dagestani apricots, confirmed by a low level of cluster significance. The tendency towards setting apart the genotypes of hybrid origin (obtained from free pollination of introduced cultivars) from the locally selected cultivars was observed by comparing the results of Bayesian analysis and the K-means approach using the Structure and Statistica software. Such isolation is partial, being obviously affected by constant integration of new apricot genotypes into the local gene pool and its enrichment with new alleles at the genetic level.

Conclusion. The contemporary assortment of apricots in Dagestan was formed on the basis of both the local autochthonous gene pool and Central Asian and European cultivars introduced into this area. The obtained data will enrich the knowledge about the genetic diversity of apricots in Dagestan and serve as the platform for further studies into the florigenetic links of the North Caucasus with other regions.
Inheritance of ornamental traits in bird cherry families with the cultivar ‘Nezhnost’ in their pedigree
Authors: Lokteva A. V. , Simagin V. S.
Published: December 2022

Background. Bird cherry plants are highly ornamental; they are diverse in shape, size and color of leaves and flowers, flowering and fruiting schedules. At present, they are widely used for landscaping parks and public gardens. In Russia there is a need to release new highly ornamental and winter-hardy cultivars using the genetic potential of both known and newly developed genotypes.

Materials and methods. In our experiment we used a pink-flowered sample found by R. A. Mastinskaya in the vicinity of Novosibirsk and transferred to Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station of VIR, where it was studied and released as a cultivar named ‘Nezhnost’. One of its seedlings from free pollination became known as No. 11-5-37. Crosses included cvs. ‘Colorata’ (source of the spring red leaf trait), ‘Purpurnaya Svecha’ (summer/autumn red leaf), ‘Pamyati Salamatova’ (number of flowers, and brush length), accessions Nos. 1-1-8 and 11-1-8 from the Central Siberian Botanical Garden’s collection (diameter of flowers and inflorescences), and selected forms “Tereshkovoy 38” and “Tereshkovoy 48/2” planted in Akademgorodok (brush length, number of flowers, and flower diameter).

Results. Unlike European genotypes, these cultivars and hybrids are adapted to the conditions of Siberia. Over a long observation period, freezing was not observed on plants even in the most severe winters. Our data indicate a manifold composition of the gene complexes controlling the manifestation of both the pink flower trait and spring red leaves.

Conclusion. A possibility of obtaining pink-flowered seedlings in a number of cross combinations and peculiarities of the inheritance of traits in them are shown. Five hybrids were identified for combining valuable traits; they are promising for ornamental and breeding uses. Some of them have already been developed into new ornamental cultivars.
Results of a study of soybean source material for breeding purposes under the conditions of Primorsky Territory
Authors: Vasina E. A. , Butovets E. S. , Lukyanchuk L. M.
Published: December 2022

Background. A study of the soybean gene pool adapted to the conditions of Primorsky Territory in search of useful agronomic traits is essential for further use in breeding programs.

Materials and methods. Soybean accessions from the germplasm collection were tested in 2019–2021 at the Federal Scientific Center of Agricultural Biotechnology of the Far East named after A.K. Chaika. The study included 213 accessions of various origin. Cv. ‘Primorskaya 4’ served as the reference. An objective assessment of the potential of the said research material was made.

Results. Three years of experiments resulted in selecting promising soybean genotypes with a set of important agronomic traits for breeding programs. Compared to the reference ‘Primorskaya 4’, an increase of more than 35% in productivity was observed in the cultivars ‘Mestnaya’ (Russia), ‘Jilin’ (China), ‘Montreal’ (France), and ‘XP 977-1.9’ (USA). Cvs. ‘No. 075-2’ (USA), ‘K0152’ (Ukraine), ‘Muzanze Stamm M 4789/74’, ‘SOJA 1065’ and ‘Adsoi’ (Germany) were characterized by earliness (100 days). Cvs. ‘Mestnaya’ and ‘HS Atlas’ may be interesting for breeders due to their highest oil content: 25.9% and 26.0%, respectively. The highest protein content was found in cvs. ‘Zhuravushka’ (39.2%), ‘XN 4’ (41.9%), ‘Torlitsa’ (41.9%) and ‘XP 977-1.9’ (39.5%). Cvs. ‘Pi 6D 4182’, ‘XN 4’, ‘Skelya’ and ‘HS Atlas’ manifested resistance to Septoria brown spot. The results of the assessment for adaptability potential showed that the following cultivars of different origin had the highest resistance to environmental stresses: ‘Primorskaya 4’ (–2.5), ‘Torlitsa’ (–2.0) and ‘Kassidi’ (–3.0).
Diversity of new Russian bread wheat cultivars according to leaf rust resistance genes
Authors: Gultyaeva E. I. , Shaydayuk E. L. , Veselova V. V. , Smirnova R. E. , Zuev E. V. , Khakimova A. G. , Mitrofanova O. P.
Published: December 2022

Background. Cultivation of resistant cultivars is an effective method of wheat protection against leaf rust. The purpose of this work was to characterize the juvenile leaf rust resistance of bread wheat cultivars listed in the State Register for Selection Achievements in 2021 and identify their Lr genes using molecular markers.

Materials and methods. The material included 18 cultivars of winter bread wheat and nine spring ones. Juvenile resistance in the seedling phase was assessed with two test clones (kLr9 и kLr19) and the Krasnodar population of Puccinia triticina Erikss. Molecular markers were used to identify 18 Lr genes.

Results and discussion. A high level of resistance (score 0 or 0;) was shown by cvs. ‘Khamdan’, ‘Sharm’ and ‘Omskaya 44’; moderate resistance (score 2, 2+) by ‘Albidum 2030’. Reactions of ‘Polina’, ‘Rossyp’, ‘Status’, ‘Balkysh’ and ‘Bogema’ were variable. The studied cultivars did not contain juvenile genes Lr9, Lr24, Lr25, Lr28, Lr29, Lr39, Lr47 or Lr66 and adult plant resistance genes Lr21 and Lr35. Markers of identifiable genes were not detected in cv. ‘Sharm’, highly resistant to leaf rust. ‘Khamdan’ had an ineffective Lr10 gene and a partial resistance gene Lr34, which offered no protection in the seedling stage. These cultivars seem to contain additional resistance genes. A high level of resistance to leaf rust in ‘Omskaya 44’ is provided by a combination of the Lr19, Lr26, Lr1 and Lr3 genes. In ‘Nemchinovskaya 85’, the partially effective adult plant resistance gene Lr37 was identified. In other tested cultivars, Lr1, Lr3, Lr10, Lr26 and Lr34 were widely represented.
Assessment of adaptability and fruit quality in new apple cultivars for intensive orchards
Authors: Krasova N. G. , Ozherelieva Z. E. , Galasheva A. M. , Makarkina M. A. , Lupin M. V.
Published: December 2022

Background. Competitive early-fruiting apple cultivars with high commercial and consumer qualities, resistant to unfavorable stressors, are required for successful horticulture development.

Materials and methods. The study included apple cultivars developed by innovative methods using scab resistance donors (Rvi6) and diploid gamete donors. Foreign cultivars commercialized in the region were also used. Conventional variety testing techniques were applied. Fifteen cultivars released by the Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK), 6 foreign cultivars, and one reference (‘Antonovka obyknovennaya’) were assessed.

Results. Simulating damaging factors helped to identify good resistance of tissues and buds of domestically bred apple cultivars to early winter frosts. These cultivars survived a temperature decrease to –30°C without damage in early winter and without significant damage (no more than 2.0 pts) at –40°C in midwinter, including the scab-immune (Rvi6) cultivars ‘Ivanovskoye’ and ‘Pamyat Hitrovo’, and immune triploids (3×) ‘Aleksandr Boyko’, ‘Akademik Saveliev’ and ‘Vavilovskoye’. Bud damage in ‘Gala’ and ‘Ligol’ was stronger (2.5 pts) and increased to 3.0 pts under simulated temperatures down to –38°C and –40°C. ‘Gala’ showed the lowest resistance in midwinter. Early-fruiting cvs. ‘Blagodat’, ‘Ivanovskoye’, ‘Pamyat Hitrovo’ and ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’ were identified. On average, triploids ‘Blagodat’ and ‘Patriot’, scab-immune ‘Afrodita’, ‘Ivanovskoye’ and ‘Start’, and scab-immune triploid ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’ significantly exceeded ‘Antonovka’ and other cultivars in yield. Conclusion. The new innovative winter cultivars developed at VNIISPK matched foreign cultivars in marketability and consumer qualities, while in scab resistance and adaptability they significantly exceeded most of them. ‘Akademik Saveliev’, ‘Aleksandr Boyko’, ‘Afrodita’, ‘Vavilovskoye’, ‘Ivanovskoye’, ‘Prazdnichnoye’ and ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’ were recommended for intensive-type orchards.
Accumulation of chemical elements in the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steudel in the Shilka river basin (Transbaikal region)
Authors: Makarov V. P.
Published: December 2022

Background. Euphorbia fischeriana Steudel is used in traditional and herbal medicine in Russia and China. Its roots contain 241 chemical components, but there is not enough knowledge about the plant’s elemental composition. Concentrations of chemical elements in plants have an impact the effectiveness of medical products.

Materials and methods. The research was conducted in the Transbaikal region. Plants were analyzed using an ICP-MS Elan 9000 mass spectrometer (Canada). The ICP-MS method of measuring metal content in solid objects, PND F 16.1:2.3:3.11-98 was used. Chemical analysis of the soil was performed at Kostromskaya State Station of Agrochemical Service. The obtained data were statistically processed using the Microsoft Excel software.

Results. The accumulation of macro- and microelements in plant roots was studied (Ca, P, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo, Cr, Co, Se, Cu, B, Ni, V, As, Li, Pb, Ba, Bi, Cd, Hg, Be, Sb, Rb, Zr, Sn, Ag, W, Sr, and Ti). The chemical elements whose concentrations were significantly higher or, contrariwise, lower than the clarke of terrestrial plants were identified. Accumulations of Ti, Ag, As, Cr, Sr, Li, Ba, Mo, Fe, Bi, and Sb in descending order were 2–14 times higher than the clarke of terrestrial plants. Concentrations of Mn, Cd, Se, and especially V and Cu in E. fischeriana roots were low (0.01–5% of the clarke). The concentration of As in the test areas exceeded the threshold limit value for medicinal herbage and medicinal plant products (OFS.1.5.3.0009.15). Conclusion. The study made it possible to find deficiencies of a number of vital elements in E. fischeriana roots, discrepancy between the tested herbage and the threshold limit value for As, and increased accumulation of a number of toxic and potentially toxic elements compared with the clarke.
Promising source material for winter triticale breeding under the conditions of the Middle Urals
Authors: Potapova G. N. , Zobnina N. L. , Bezgodov A. V. , Ivanova M. S.
Published: December 2022

Background. The northern border of cereal crop cultivation passes through the territory of Sverdlovsk Province. Cultivars of winter triticale developed in the regions of Russia located to the south are grown there, but they die under unfavorable winter conditions. The breeding of this crop in local climate is at an early stage, so a study of source material for breeding new highyielding cultivars adapted to local conditions seems quite pertinent.

Materials and methods. In 2017–2020, the Ural Research Institute of Agriculture in Yekaterinburg conducted a study of 78 winter triticale genotypes from 10 regions of Russia and 7 foreign countries. The seeds were obtained from the VIR genebank and breeding centers of Russia. Sowing was carried out in clean fallow on August 20–25 on 1 m2 plots in 3-4 repetitions, with the reference ‘Bashkirskaya korotkostebelnaya’ sown on every 10th plot. Plants were assessed for winter hardiness, yield, density of productive stems, plant height, ear length, number of spikelets and grains per ear, weight of 1000 grains, and ear productivity in accordance with published guidelines.

Results. Cvs. ‘Privada’, ‘Tsekad 90’ and ‘Nemchinovsky 58’ combined high winter hardiness (70–81%) with resistance to damage by snow mold (15–20%), high density of productive stems (324–425 pcs/m2), and high yield (562–616 g/m2). They had high 1000 grain weight (45.4–49.1 g) and ear productivity (2.63–2.68 g). High yield (571–670 g/m2) and density of productive stems (285–436 pcs/m2 ) with reduced winter hardiness (62–72%) and resistance to snow mold (30–35%) was observed in cvs. ‘Sirs 57’, ‘Sotnik’, ‘Germes’, ‘Antey’, ‘Beta’, ‘Don’, and lines 1/1 and 8003 from Sweden.
Silicate glasses synthesized in a plasma glass melting furnace
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University. V. G. Shukhova, Bessmertnyi V. S. , Zdorenko N. M. ,   Belgorod University of Cooperation, Economics, and Law, Platov Yu. T. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Platova R. A. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Cherkasov A. V. ,   Belgorod State Technological University. V. G. Shukhova, Tarasova E. E. ,   Belgorod University of Cooperation, Economics, and Law
Published: December 2022

Синтезированы силикатные стекла в плазменной стекловаренной печи. Разработанная технология предусматривает замкнутый цикл использования высокотемпературного отработанного аргона при предварительном подогреве шихты для ускорения процесса стекловарения, что позволяет снизить энергозатраты на варку стекла. Изучено влияние предварительной термической обработки гранулированных шихт отходящим из плазменной печи аргоном на процессы силикатообразования. Установлены особенности синтеза силикатных стекол в плазменной печи и закономерности инконгруентного испарения оксидов кремния и натрия в процессе синтеза. По химическим и термическим свойствам синтезированные стекла удовлетворяют требованиям ГОСТ 30407-96.
Plasma-chemical synthesis of aluminosilicate and lead-silicate glass microspheres
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University. V. G. Shukhova, Bessmertnyi V. S. , Zdorenko N. M. ,   Belgorod University of Cooperation, Economics, and Law, Puchka O. V. ,   Belgorod State Technological University. V. G. Shukhova, Platov Yu. T. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Platova R. A. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Chizhova E. N. ,   Belgorod State Technological University. V. G. Shukhova
Published: December 2022

Синтезированы алюмосиликатные и свинецсиликатные стекломикрошарики (СМШ). Разработана плазмохимическая технология получения закаленных стекломикрошариков. Исследован фазовый состав, макро- и микроструктура стекломикрошариков. Показано, что синтезированные алюмосиликатные и свинецсиликатные стекломикрошарики обладают такими высокими эксплуатационными показателями, как микротвердость, водостойкость, кислотостойкость и щелочестойкость.
Heat-insulating and structural glass composites with an amorphous-crystalline structure
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University. V. G. Shukhova, Puchka O. V. , Bessmertnyi V. S. ,   Belgorod State Technological University. V. G. Shukhova, Platov Yu. T. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Sergeev S. V. ,   Belgorod State Technological University. V. G. Shukhova, Zdorenko N. M. ,   Belgorod State Technological University. V. G. Shukhova, Platova R. A. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: December 2022

Получены теплоизоляционно-конструкционные стеклокомпозиты (ТКС), обладающие высокими прочностными и теплоизоляционными характеристиками. Разработана технология пористых ТКС на основе термохимического метода армирования кристаллическими фазами аморфной матрицы при температурах синтеза и управления процессами структурообразования. Установлены закономерности влияния основных рецептурных и технологических факторов на формирование структуры теплоизоляционно-конструкционных стеклокомпозитов.
THE CHEMICAL RESISTANCE OF ADHESIVE BONDS BASED ON EPOXY URETHAN OLIGOMERS SYNTHESIZED USING DIFFERENT DIISOCYANATES
Authors:   Institute of Technical Chemistry—Subdivision of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Savchuk A. V. , Slobodinyuk A. I. ,   Institute of Technical Chemistry—Subdivision of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Slobodinyuk D. G. ,   Institute of Technical Chemistry—Subdivision of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pogorel’tsev E. V. ,   Institute of Technical Chemistry—Subdivision of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2022

The dependence of adhesive strength of adhesive bonds of steel of grade St3 obtained using oligourethane diepoxides and short-chain aliphatic amine on the time of exposure in various chemical liquids such as water solutions of chemical reagents and oil products was considered. It was shown that the impact of the latter changes the nature of separation of adhesive bond.
RELATIONSHIP OF THE ABRASIVE RESISTANCE OF URETHANE-CONTAINING ELASTOMERS AND THEIR STRUCTURE
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Perm Federal Research Center, Senichev V. Yu. , Pogorel’tsev E. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Perm Federal Research Center
Published: December 2022

The effect of the chemical structure of urethane elastomers on their wear resistance was investigated. The function the volumetric wear degree of the studied elastomers versus the content of hard segments had a pronounced form with an extremum. It was established that the best wear resistance was typical for polyurethanes and polyurethanes with some optimal content of hard segments, the level of which depended on the chemical nature of the oligomers used in the synthesis.
Optimal levothyroxine dose to achieve euthyroidism in patients with primary hypothyroidism: analysis according to etiology
Authors: Ramírez Stieben Luis Agustín , Pustilnik Estefanía , Feldman Rodolfo , Paladini Luciana , Mancinelli Laura , Pellizzón Noelia Andrea , Schwarzstein Diego
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Levothyroxine (LT4) has been considered the standard of care for treatment of hypothyroidism. Current recommendations suggest a LT4 dose between 1.6–1.8 µg/kg/day. The aim of this study was to evaluate the LT4 dose for adult patients with primary hypothyroidism of different etiologies who reached euthyroidism.

Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed from the retrospective review of the charts of patients with primary hypothyroidism in treatment with LT4. Subjects were classified according to TSH level in overtreated (TSH < 0.4 µIU/ml), euthyroid (TSH 0.40-4.20), and undertreated (TSH >4.2) and according to the etiology of hypothyroidism. A stepwise logistic regression model was performed to evaluate the variables associated with TSH<0.4 µIU/ml.

Results. 955 patients were included. 75.13% of the patients had an adequate LT4 replacement. LT4 dose to achieve euthyroidism was higher in patients with a history of radioiodine therapy (1.92 μg/kg) and thyroid surgery (1.52 μg/kg), while the LT4 dose required to achieve euthyroidism in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and atrophic thyroiditis was lower than that reported in previous studies (1.25 and 1.08 μg/kg, respectively). The variables that were associated with a higher probability of TSH<0.4 µIU/ml were male gender, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, radioiodine therapy, and thyroid surgery.

Major conclusion. LT4 dose required to achieve euthyroidism in patients with hypothyroidism varies according to the etiology, being higher in patients with hypothyroidism due to radioiodine therapy and thyroid surgery. Patients with hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis and atrophic thyroiditis require a lower dose than current recommendations.
Using Market Indicators to Refine Estimates of Corporate Bankruptcy Probabilities
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation, Leonteva Daria S.
Published: December 2022

This study investigates an alternative approach to estimating the probability of default. The introduction of credit spreads as market measures of default into an accounting-based model attempts to enhance the predictive power of classical approach models which analyze only balance sheet data. This paper identifies which of the two market measures of credit spread — the Z-spread or the I-spread — has an advantage in the context of robustness of the bankruptcy prediction models. Using two techniques — logistic regression and a gradient boosting machine approach, as well as a sample of annual series of 80 financial ratios for 385 U.S. listed companies which issue corporate bonds — evidence is obtained that the I-spread has higher predictive power in both techniques. The better performance of the I-spread can be explained by the fact that the accuracy of the Z-spread calculation can be misleading because different methods of interpolation of the yield curve are used. In addition, the predictive power of the chosen techniques is also compared. The up-to-date gradient boosting machine framework performs better on the test sample. These findings may encourage managers to implement additional market characteristics in the analysis and apply modern techniques rather than the classic ones — logistic regressions and multiple discriminant analyses models — to predict inconsistency in corporate performance.
African Diaspora in the USA: History and Modernity
Authors:   Institute for African Studies RAS, Khokholkova Nadezhda
Published: December 2022

In the context of the intensification of migration processes, the study of diasporas is becoming more relevant. Historically, Africa has been assigned the status of one of the main providers of human resources. As a result of forced and voluntary migrations of Africans, a global community has been formed. It is called the African diaspora. The geography of African migrations is vast. However, in some countries, African presence and influence on the cultural landscape are more prominent. The United States has become one of the largest recipients of migrants from countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The article is devoted to the history of the formation and specifics of the development of African communities in the United States. The author focuses on the meaning and the application of the term “African diaspora.” The sociocultural experience of migrants is not uniform, which necessitated the distinguishing and examination of specific groups within the global African diaspora. The main emphasis is placed on the study of such concepts as “Old African diaspora” and “New African diaspora” in relation to the problem of identity. After analyzing several different definitions, the author comes to the conclusion that the concept of the “African diaspora” is fluid (constantly in progress) and inextricably linked with cultural identity, its preservation, and transformation.
Perancangan Sistem Absensi Care Group Mahasiswa Berbasis Web Menggunakan Metode Agile Development (Studi Kasus: Universitas Advent Indonesia)
Authors: Panjaitan Jeremy , Pakpahan Andrew
Published: December 2022

Universitas advent Indonesia (UNAI) merupakan sebuah universitas berasrama dimana mahasiswa/i yang berkuliah pada universitas ini tinggal di dalam asrama yang telah di sediakan. Walaupun begitu, unai memberikan kebebasan kepada mahasiswa/i untuk memilih tinggal di asrama (inside) atau di luar asrama (outside). Dalam mendidik unai mengedepankan pengembangan karakter. Untuk itu, unai memberikan  beberapa peraturan yang perlu diikuti. Salah satu peraturan yang perlu diikuti oleh mahasiswa adalah mengikuti Caregroup. Caregroup merupakan kelompok doa yang beranggotakan beberapa mahasiswa/i, ketua caregroup. yang mendampingi kelompok doa tersebut. Setiap semester unai melakukan caregroup dimana ketua caregroup yang bertugas akan mengambil absensi dari setiap mahasiswa/i. Pengambilan absensi ini masih dilakukan secara manual. Staff unai akan membagikan form absensi ke setiap ketua caregroup. Setelah itu ketua caregroup akan mengabsensi setiap mahasiswa/I dengan meminta mereka memberikan tanda tangan mereka sebagai tanda bahwa mereka menghadiri caregroup. Namun terdapat beberapa mahasiswa/i yang menandatangani mahasiswa/i lainnya sehingga data absen menjadi tidak akurat. Masalah lain yang muncul yaitu proses rekapitulasi absensi mahasiswa/i membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama. Untuk itu dirancang sebuah sistem informasi absensi untuk memudahkan proses absensi mahasiswa/i pada saat caregroup dilakukan sehingga peraturan yang telah ditetapkan oleh UNAI dapat berjalan dengan baik. Metode yang digunakan dalam perancangan system ini adalah agile software development dimana dengan metode tersebut memungkingkan dilakukan perancangan terhadap sistem dengan waktu yang singkat. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah rancanga dari sistem absensi caregroup didalamnya terdapat usecase diagram dimana terdapat dua actor utama yaitu ketua caregroup dan admin; class diagram; dan rancangan interface dari system ini
Virtual Runner: A Virtual Reality-based Exergaming Application using Accelerometer
Authors: Mambu Joe Yuan , Rotikan Reymon , Lontaan Rolly Junius , Umar Fajar Dwi Septian , Mawuntu Misael
Published: December 2022

Generally speaking, playing video games didn't require a lot of movement or exercise, but with technological advances and the introduction of new features in the game console, you can now design "fitness games" where the movement of the player's body is reflected to the game. This is called exergaming. On the other hand, with the still ongoing pandemic, many opt to work and take their activities back at home including exercising. However, at-home exercise can be monotonous, repetitive, and even discouraging for many, thus an exergaming can be a solution. In this research we created a Virtual Reality-based exergaming that encourage its users to exercise and have fun at the same time. By utilizing a typical Android smartphone’s accelerometer, gyroscope, and compass, we created an affordable exergaming device. The app also features estimated calories counter as well as high scoring to entice its users.
Analisis Index Vegetation Wilayah Terdampak Kebakaran Hutan Riau Menggunakan Citra Landsat-8 dan Sentinel-2
Authors: Sari Risna , Trihardianingsih Liana , Firdaus Mulya Rizki , Arief M. Ilham , Kusrini Kusrini
Published: December 2022

Kebakaran hutan telah diidentifikasi sebagai salah satu isu lingkungan utama yang memiliki dampak terhadap keanekaragaman hayati dan iklim global jangka panjang. Riau merupakan salah satu wilayah di Indonesia yang sering mengalami kebakaran hutan. Upaya untuk memulihkan hutan pasca kebakaran dapat dilakukan dengan pengawasan lahan seperti mengamati tingkat vegetasi pada kawasan kebakaran. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan analisis untuk mengklasifikasikan tingkat vegetasi kawasan pasca kebakaran dengan memanfaatkan indeks vegetasi dengan tujuan mengetahui tingkat vegetasi pasca kebakaran pada wilayah rawan kebakaran di kabupaten Riau. Model yang digunakan pada penelitian ini memakai algoritma Random Forest dan variabel penentu yang digunakan adalah NDVI, NBR, EVI, dan SAVI. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan 2 citra satelit, yaitu Citra Landsat 8 dan Sentinel-2. Dasaset yang didapatkan menggunakan landsat-8 adalah 1871 data, sedangkan dengan menggunakan sentinel-2 diperoleh 606 data. Akurasi data testing maksimal yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan landsat-8 adalah sebesar 99%, sedangkan dengan menggunakan sentinel-2, diperoleh akurasi maksimal sebesar 94%.
Factors behind taking up social status of Nun
Authors: Farrah Hira Ahmad , Ahmad Qandil , Shirwany Tanvir
Published: December 2022

In Protestantism, Christianity encourages nunship where nuns are also known as 'Brides of Jesus' or called 'Deaconesses' (one with the duties of a deacon, a lady ranking below a priest or who is supposed to help a minister); they devote their lives to God. This study was designed to determine the social factors that lead women to become nuns and to uncover the causes for assuming religious life. Case study method was used to collect the data. In total, 14 nuns were recruited from the Punjab district of Faisalabad for the study. Each subject underwent a detailed interview in order to elicit information about their sociocognitive development and aspects of life as a 'Nun'. The findings concluded that this shift in religious life made these young females more confident, mature, conscious observers, self-reliant, and close to God; it enables them to obtain a quality education and groom their personalities with a prestigious social status.
Multi-level and Multi-modal Feature Fusion for Accurate 3D Object Detection in Connected and Automated Vehicles
Authors: Hou Yiming , Rezaei Mahdi , Romano Richard
Published: December 2022

Aiming at highly accurate object detection for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), this paper presents a Deep Neural Network based 3D object detection model that leverages a three-stage feature extractor by developing a novel LIDAR-Camera fusion scheme. The proposed feature extractor extracts high-level features from two input sensory modalities and recovers the important features discarded during the convolutional process. The novel fusion scheme effectively fuses features across sensory modalities and convolutional layers to find the best representative global features. The fused features are shared by a two-stage network: the region proposal network (RPN) and the detection head (DH). The RPN generates high-recall proposals, and the DH produces final detection results. The experimental results show the proposed model outperforms more recent research on the KITTI 2D and 3D detection benchmark, particularly for distant and highly occluded instances.
How Lasting is the Impact of Art?: An Exploratory Study of the Incidence and Duration of Art Exhibition-Induced Prosocial Attitude Change Using a 2-Week Daily Diary Method
Authors: Pelowski Matthew , Cotter Katherine N. , Specker Eva , Fingerhut Joerg , Trupp mackenzie D , Speidel Klaus
Published: December 2022

The use of art installations to mediate people’s responses toward societal challenges— climate change, refugees, general prosocialness—is emerging as a main interest for arts institutions, artists, policy, and, recently, empirical study. However, there is still much need for data regarding whether and in what ways we might find detectable change. Even more, important questions concern whether typical methods, with two data points and theoretical question constructs, can reliably detect subtle impacts and, even if we do find change, how long effects last—a question which is almost completely unanswered in empirical research. We assessed an exhibition focused on power imbalances and acceptance for refugees, employing both a pre-post design (Study 1) and (Study 2) a daily diary method, which tracked participants’ reports, over two weeks, regarding how they had actually felt or acted each day and employing multilevel modeling to assess estimating changes from a first baseline week. The pre-post paradigm detected some reduction in self-assessed xenophobia and increased negative mood. However, effects were small/inconsistent with also some intriguing suggestions that people self-assessed as less empathic/prosocial than before visiting. The diary detected, inversely, several significant quadratic trends involving increased empathic concern and prosocialness-related thoughts and actions, but which returned to baseline by the next day. Only ‘trying to consider others feelings’ and ‘reflecting about oneself’ showed increases into the following week. Although non- significant, the diary changes also suggested some negative relations with the hypothetical self- assessment answers for the same questions, within participants, providing intriguing findings for much future research
Using A Multi-Strategy Eye-Tracking Psychometric Model to Measure Intelligence and Identify Cognitive Strategy in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices
Authors: Liu Yaohui , Zhan Peida , Fu Yanbin , chen qipeng , Luo Yikun
Published: December 2022

Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) is a valid measurement instrument of general intelligence, and previous studies have found that participants use two cognitive strategies—constructive matching and response elimination—in responding to items in the APM. This study proposed a multi-strategy psychometric model incorporating eye-tracking measures, including but not limited to the proportional time on matrix area (PTM), the rate of toggling (ROT), and the rate of latency to first toggle (RLT). Our model has the ability to measure each participant’s intelligence and identify the cognitive strategy used by each participant for each item in the APM. An eye-tracking-based APM study using the model revealed several outcomes: (1) The effects of the three eye-tracking measures on the constructive matching strategy selection probability were positive and presented in the following order: PTM > RLT > ROT, and the effect of ROT was negligible. (2) The average intelligence of participants who used the constructive matching strategy was higher than that of participants who used the response elimination strategy, and participants with higher intelligence were more likely to use the constructive matching strategy. (3) High-intelligence participants increased their use of the constructive matching strategy as item difficulty increased, whereas low-intelligence participants decreased their use as item difficulty increased. (4) Participants took significantly less time to use the constructive matching strategy than to use the response elimination strategy. Overall, the proposed model follows the theory-driven modeling logic and provides a new way of studying cognitive strategy in the APM by presenting objective and quantitative results.
FUNAN (Phu Nam) from a new perspective
Authors:   Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vu Minh Giang
Published: December 2022

Funan (Phu Nam) is a historical entity that existed during the first seven centuries CE and left a tremendous cultural heritage. For different reasons, many historical aspects of this kingdom remain unexplored. For a long time, it was studied mainly through scattered and sketchy records collected from ancient Chinese bibliographies. Only after the archaeological discovery of the Oc Eo by Louis Malleret did the historical understanding of the Funan kingdom become fuller. However, due to the war, the research was unable to progress further. After 1975, Funan was revived mainly within circles of archaeological studies. Using novel archaeological evidence, this article reconstructs the lives of Funan inhabitants. It sees Oc Eo as a culture of indigenous origin with a community speaking Malayo-Polynesian languages. It also shows that the Oc Eo indigenous culture had lasting vitality. Despite the fact that the Funan state collapsed in the seventh century, archaeological evidence demonstrates many of its cultural traditions preserved and developed by later southern communities.
Effect of Ranibizumab and Aflibercept on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment, Subretinal, and Intra-Retinal Fluid in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Sumarová Patrícia , Ovesná Petra , Matoušková Veronika , Beránek Jan , Michalec Marek , Michalcová Lenka , Autrata Daniel , Vysloužilová Daniela , Chrapek Oldřich
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of three initial doses of the anti-VEGF ranibizumab and aflibercept medication on serous pigment epithelial detachment (PED), subretinal fluid (SRF) and intraretinal fluid (IRF) in the macula of treatment naive neovascular AMD (nvAMD) patients.
Material and Methods: The cohort consists of 148 patients, of which 74 patients were treated with ranibizumab (51 females and 23 males) and 74 with aflibercept (46 females and 28 males). The data was recorded prospectively from the moment of diagnosis and start of treatment for a period of 3 months. At the moment of diagnosis and 3 months later, an OCT examination (Spectralis OCT, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) was performed. The OCT examination included a macular scan with 25 scans. Using the OCT instrument software, we measured the maximum anterior-posterior elevation of serous PED, the highest thickness of SRF and the largest diameter of the intraretinal cystic space. The statistical significance of differences between groups was evaluated using the t-test for continuous data and the Fisher exact test for categorical data. Changes in values of continuous variables over time were evaluated using the Wilcoxon paired test. Paired comparisons of binary parameters were determined by the McNemar test.
Results: Full regression of PED, SRF and IRF occurred in 3 (4.1%), 25 (39%) and 20 (51%) patients treated with ranibizumab, and in 5 (7.9%, p = 0.470),
28 (47%, p = 0.470) and 25 (57%, p = 0.827) patients treated with aflibercept, respectively. The average regression of PED, SRF and IRF was -60.4 µm (median -37.5 µm), -84.3 µm (median -85 µm) and -109.3 µm (median -81 µm) in patients treated with ranibizumab, and -46.3 µm (median -30 µm, p = 0.389), -127.7 µm (median -104 µm, p = 0.096) and -204.4 µm (median -163 µm, p = 0.005) in patients treated with aflibercept, respectively. We did not show a statistically significant difference in the regression rates of PED, SRF and IRF between the ranibizumab and aflibercept groups. (in patients with IRF after adjustment of the higher baseline IRF volumes in patients treated with aflibercept, p = 0.891).
Conclusion: We are convinced that ranibizumab and aflibercept have the same effect on serous PED, SRF and IRF in the macula in patients with treatment naive nvAMD during the initial loading phase.
Principal Labor Markets: Distance and Time Between Transferring Schools
Authors: Perrone Frank , Pendola Andrew , Fuller Edward J.
Published: December 2022

While a growing body of literature has emphasized conditions surrounding principal turnover, less attention has been given to how within-career sorting has shaped the principal labor market. Given the recent shift towards remote and asynchronous learning platforms, this study is the first to explore how job-to-job transfer distance may shape principal sorting. Using longitudinal administrative data covering every certified principal in Texas over 20 years, we first calculate the driving distance and time for every principal transfer event in the state and determine how transfer distance and time vary by school and principal demographics. We then utilize hierarchical linear modeling to determine which school and principal characteristics are associated with increased transfer distance and driving time. We find that (1) transfer distances increased over time and did so sharply after the Great Recession, (2) White and male principals were more likely to transfer longer distances than females or principals of color, and (3) cost of living change was more associated with distance than salary change. These results add a new dimension to our understanding of the within-career transfer market of principals, pointing to potential differences in opportunity and/or preferences by principal race and sex by both labor market and locale. This study’s findings inform our understanding of the dispersion potentials of the principal labor market, offering insight into where recruitment efforts may be effectively targeted and which incentives may be attractive for hiring.
Adolescence: features of the stage of personality development
Authors: Belitskii Kirill Andreevich
Published: December 2022

Adolescence is one of the important stages in the development of personality. At this age interval, the comprehension of reality, the instilling of feelings and the formation of character take place. In this article we will consider the features of personality development at this age stage.
Anthropomorphic motives in Nikolai Karazin's orientalist novel «The Two-Legged Wolf»
Authors: Kazimirchuk Aleksandra Dmitrievna
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the specifics of the expression of anthropomorphism in the orientalist novel «The Two-Legged Wolf» by the writer, artist, journalist, officer, ethnographer and illustrator of the XIX century Nikolai Nikolaevich Karazin. The expression of anthropomorphism in the orientalist works of the Turkestan theme of the XIX century is characterized by certain features inherent in the peculiarities of the cultural and socio-political discourse of that time.
Instagram sebagai Media Pembelajaran Digital Agama Islam di Era 4.0
Authors: Laily Irene Mardiatul , Astutik Anita Puji , Haryanto Budi
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to discuss the use of social media, namely utilizing Instagram features in the delivery of Islamic material, so that this can make Instagram an innovation in Islamic digital learning media. This is motivated by the rapid development of technology in the 4.0 era that requires an educator to be able to use it in the teaching and learning process. This type of research is qualitative research with the chosen approach method being virtual ethnography. Data was collected using documentation and observation on several accounts on Instagram that met the parameters. Data analysis was carried out through the first stages of data reduction, then data presentation, and finally concluding. The results of the study show that the features provided by Instagram can be used as learning media innovations and this is believed to make learning Islamic Religious Education more interesting because the material is presented using different media and ways than usual. Instastory features, feeds, reels, highlights, and Instagram live are some of the Instagram features that can be used as learning media.