bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological study of ameloblastoma and detection of human papilloma virus by immunohistochemistry
Authors: Ali Misbah , Bukhari Mulazim Hussain , Hassan Faiza , Illyas Maria
Published: October 2019

Objective: To study the clinocopathological factors and presence of Human Pappiloma Virus in ameloblastoma by immnohistochemistry.

Methods: It was a cross sectional study on 50 surgical specimens of ameloblastoma, completed in six months. These were selected and processed for initial screening by H&E and then by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detection of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). The questionnaire was designed to study the clinicopathological factors associated in these patients. Sections of 4µm were cut, placed on special positive charged glass slides in the Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical University. It was then examined by the histopathologists for grading and scoring of these lesions. Chi Square test was used to assess the differences found in types of ameloblastomas. The p-value was smaller than 0.05 (p < 0.05).

Results: The mean age of the patients (12-80 years old) was 38.6±15.1 years, with male-female ratio 2.84: 1. HPV was positive in 9 (18%), whereas negative in of 41 (82%) patients. Among the positive, reactive HPV with score-1 was 8 and score-2 was 1. According to histological variant, follicular was present in 78%, Plexiform pattern in 8%, Conventional and Desmoplastic variants in one patient each; and Cystic and Acanthomatous were seen in two and three patients respectively. The mandible was involved in 39 patients, maxilla and right maxilla involved in 4 patients each, right retromolar, cheek and angle of mandible was seen in one patient each. About 16% patients had anterior, 66% had posterior and 18% had both anterior and posterior regions involved. Among the HPV positive reactive statistically, no significant difference was found with smoking, Paan and exposure to pesticides, factory or mine (p-value > 0.05). Among HPV positive reactive patients, eight had ameloblastoma whereas, 1 had ameloblastomic fibroma. There was no statistical significance of type, location and region of tumor in HPV positivity.

Conclusion: Mandible and posterior region was more commonly involved. Follicular pattern was most common. There was no effect of exposure to pesticides, factory or mine, smoke and human papilloma virus in the etiology of ameloblastoma because only 18% of patients showed the association of HPV16

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.909

How to cite this:Ali M, Bukhari MH, Hassan F, Illyas M. Clinicopathological study of ameloblastoma and detection of human papilloma virus by immunohistochemistry. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1691-1696. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.909

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Use of dehydrated human amnion chorion membrane allograft on infected ruptured arteriovenous fistula: revision and closure
Authors: Al-Khateeb Mutaz , Al-Muzakki Zaki , Ftyan Mohammed , Itani Hussam , Istwan Niki , Tettelbach William
Published: October 2019

Objective:

Over two million individuals worldwide, with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), depend on dialysis therapy or a kidney transplant for survival. Every haemodialysis patient requires vascular access. The arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is preferred for long-term hemodialysis vascular access due to long-term primary patency rates. Given the limited options for haemodialysis access and placement, preservation of existing AVF sites is always a clinical priority. This case report describes a novel approach to wound closure with the application of dehydrated amnion chorion human membrane (dHACM) at an AVF surgical site known to be complicated with issues of scarring and tissue breakdown. The patient was treated successfully with the imperative preservation of his AVF given that he had few other vascular access options.
ROLE OF THERMOGRAPHY IN ASSESSMENT OF MYGENOUS JOINT DISORDER
Authors: Fathima Nida , Dharman Sreedevi
Published: October 2019

The main objective of this review was to identity the usage of thermography in diagnosis of orofacial pain. Thermography is a method of measurement of skin temperature distribution on the body over a given period of time. Hence using the skin temperature, an advantages result can be obtained in identifying diseased condition in orofacial region. This article highlights the basics of thermography as a diagnostic tool in dentistry in identifying orofacial pain. PUBMED and Google Scholar were searched to identify all the clinical trials which evaluated the use of thermography in diagnosis of orofacial pain. The included studies involved 6 clinical trials. From all the included studies, an advantages result was obtained by using thermography in assessing orofacial disorders between symptomatic and asymtomatic patient’s. All the findings obtained, suggest that thermography can be helpful in evaluating myogenous temperomandibular joint disorder and can be used as a clinical screening method and for improving diagnostic accuracy. In few studies, the sensitivity of thermography in the diagnosis of orofacial disorder is low, but has high specificity which helped in evaluation of orofacial disorder and is therefore applicable to patients with orofacial pain. Thermography benefits by locating the temperature difference between symptomatic and asymtomatic facial region thus indicating its aid in diagnoses of orofacial disorder. However due to liminted evidence and short term studies, it is recommended that more of long term studies with large sample size should be emphasised to use thermography as routine diagnostic tool in identifying orofacial disorder.
Decreased Renal Function Induced by High-Fat Diet in Wistar Rat: The Role of Plasma Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2)
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan , Natzir Rosdiana , Rasyid Haerani , Patellongi Ilhamjaya , Hatta Mochammad , Linggi Elmiana Bongga , Bukhari Agussalim , Bahrun Uleng
Published: October 2019

Researches on the effects of High Fat Diet (HFD) on decreased renal function with cystatin C (cysC) serum levels biomarker are few and show different findings. Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) plays a key role in controlling renal function and one of the integral components of the RAS is Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). Research on the relationship between plasma ACE2 levels with serum cysC levels in animals induced by HFD has not been done. We hypothesize that administration of HFD can cause a decline in early stage renal function through the role of ACE2. 30 male wistar rats aged 10-12 weeks (body weight between 170-220 grams) were randomly divided into 5 groups (6 rats/group): baseline, normal diet for 8 weeks (ND8), ND for 16 weeks (ND16), HFD for 8 weeks (HFD8) and HFD for 16 weeks (HFD16). Body weight and naso-anal length were measured to get the index value of obesity and body fat percentage. Obesity index measured are lee index, rohrer index and TM index. Blood samples obtained by intracardiac for examination of plasma ACE2 levels and serum cysC levels. After 8 and 16 weeks, HFD increases body weight, obesity index and body fat percentage. HFD also increases plasma ACE2 levels and serum cysC levels. Body weight, obesity index and body fat percentage have a positive correlation with plasma ACE2 levels. Plasma ACE2 levels were positively correlated with serum cysC levels. HFD causes a decrease of early stage renal function as evidenced by the increase in serum cysC levels. Plasma ACE2 levels play a role in the pathogenesis of the decline in early stage renal function induced by HFD.
Computational investigation of marine bioactive compounds reveals frigocyclinone as a potent inhibitor of Kaposi’s Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) targets
Authors: Ponnusamy Nirmaladevi , Odumpatta Rajasree , Damodharan Pavithra , Arumugam Mohanapriya
Published: October 2019

In the present study, in silico analysis was employed to identify the action of marine bioactive compounds against KSHV targets. Virulence factor analysis of KSHV from literature review, three proteins LANA1, vIRF3/LANA2 and PF-8 were identified as putative drug targets. The quality of protein structures play a significant role in the experimental structure validation and prediction, where the predicted structures may contain considerable errors was checked by SAVES v5.0 servers. By virtual screening four potential bioactive compounds Ascorbic acid, Salicylihalamide A, Salicylihalamide B and Frigocyclinone were predicted. One of the potential compounds of Frigocyclinone has acting against KSHV proteins. Hence, determined as the good lead molecule against KSHV. Molecular dynamic simulation studies revealed the stability of LANA1- Frigocyclinone complex and it could be a futuristic perspective chemical compound for Kaposi’s sarcoma.
Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Total Phenols and Flavonoids Content of Four Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) Cultivars
Authors: Bargougui Ahlem , Maatoug Tag Hend , Bouaziz Mohamed , Triki Saida
Published: October 2019

Opuntia ficus-indica is a cactus that is well adapted to harsh climatic conditions. It is an interesting source of food ingredients in the normal diet and of food industry. The present study aims at evaluating the some physical and morphological parameter cactus cultivars fruit, besides the phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanolic and ethyl acetate extract of four Opuntia ficus-indica cultivars. The present results revelead that the highest levels of phenol found in the ethyl acetate extract of Sanguinea and methanolic extract of Ain Jemaa. While ethyl acetate extract Ain Jemaa displayed significant elevated concentrations of total flavonoids and flavonols as compared with other cultivars. The findings of this study show that methanolic crude extracts exhibited a considerably broader antimicrobial activity compared to ethyl acetate extracts. The Moroccan cultivar has displayed the best antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The antioxidant activity found in juice extract of Maroco and Algeria cultivars are the highest, and is mainly due to beta-carotene, as demonstrated by principal component analysis, allowing the use of these fractions as sources of natural antioxidants.
‘Maybe we can turn the tide’: an explanatory mixed-methods study to understand how knowledge brokers mobilise health evidence in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Norton Theresa C. , Rodriguez Daniela C. , Howell Catherine , Reynolds Charlene , Willems Sara
Published: October 2019

Background

Little is known about how knowledge brokers (KBs) operate in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to translate evidence for health policy and practice. These intermediaries facilitate relationships between evidence producers and users to address public health issues.

Aims and objectives

To increase understanding, a mixed-methods study collected data from KBs who had acted on evidence from the 2015 Global Maternal Newborn Health Conference in Mexico.

Methods

Of the 1000 in-person participants, 252 plus 72 online participants (n=324) from 56 countries completed an online survey, and 20 participants from 15 countries were interviewed. Thematic analysis and application of knowledge translation (KT) theory explored factors influencing KB actions leading to evidence uptake. Descriptive statistics of respondent characteristics were used for cross-case comparison.

Findings

Results suggest factors supporting the KB role in evidence uptake, which include active relationships with evidence users through embedded KB roles, targeted and tailored evidence communication to fit the context, user receptiveness to evidence from a similar country setting, adaptability in the KB role, and action orientation of KBs.

Discussion and conclusions

Initiatives to increase evidence uptake in LMICs should work to establish supportive structures for embedded KT, identify processes for ongoing cross-country learning, and strengthen KBs already showing effectiveness in their roles.
Integralidade do ser humano e o cuidado no processo saúde-doença
Authors: Correa Iara Micheline Pereira , Andrade Elisabete Agrela , Abdala Gina Andrade , Meira Maria Dyrce Dias
Published: October 2019

A integralidade se associa à várias dimensões da vida, considerando os aspectos tangíveis e subjetivos conexos à complexa unidade do ser humano. Este estudo é um ensaio desenvolvido em uma perspectiva filosófica existencial que teve como objetivo refletir sobre a Integralidade do ser humano, no âmbito do cuidado, como essência das práticas de saúde. O cuidado humano é entendido como muito mais do que fazer ou prestar assistência, projeta-se para além do dever cumprido e torna-se solicitude e compaixão. Abrange atitudes que devem fazer parte da análise e da reflexão crítica dos profissionais que atuam na área da saúde e que pretendem resgatar a dimensão da integralidade do ser humano no cuidado prestado durante a prática assistencial.
Análisis bibliométrico de tesis doctorales españolas en lactancia materna, entre los años 1980- 2015
Authors: García Rubio Ana , Gómez García Carmen Isabel , Martínez Clares Pilar , Ruíz García María Jesús
Published: October 2019

La sociedad actual inserta en un mundo VUCA (volátil, incierto, complejo y ambiguo) ha producido cambios vertiginosos en relación a la  Lactancia Materna (LM). Es por ello que consideramos preciso analizar el conocimiento y la producción científica efectuada hasta la fecha sobre esta disciplina. De esta inquietud, surge esta investigación como un estudio interdisciplinar que pretende dar prioridad a la protección, promoción y apoyo a la LM.La finalidad es investigar el crecimiento y la distribución de los documentos científicos a través de su análisis y evaluación, con el fin de recoger la producción científica de los investigadores en LM. Para ello se utiliza una muestra de 155 Tesis Doctorales publicadas en las Universidades Españolas, con el denominador común de la palabra clave lactancia materna, en el período comprendido entre los años 1980 a 2015. La metodología utilizada es mixta, con análisis de datos cualitativos, enmarcados dentro de un análisis retrospectivo y descriptivo, así como un análisis cuantitativo mediante indicadores bibliométricos. Se trata de ofrecer un conjunto sólido y fiable de procesos y resultados sistemáticos, empíricos y críticos de investigación, a fin de exponer la información sobre las tendencias actuales y futuras de investigación e innovación.
Las jóvenes madres solteras universitarias: Apoyo en el cuidado de los(as) hijos(as)
Authors: Huerta Mata Rosa María
Published: October 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las características de las redes de apoyo para el cuidado de los(as) hijos(as) de las madres solteras que son estudiantes universitarias en una carrera de ciencias exactas y tecnologías. El estudio fue realizado de febrero a mayo del año 2014, en la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, México. Llevamos a cabo los relatos de vida de 8 estudiantes de nivel licenciatura.La falta de una red de apoyo sólida y predecible para el cuidado de los(as) hijos(as) se convierte en el elemento central que determina la imposibilidad de las jóvenes para continuar con sus estudios universitarios. Algunas jóvenes viven situaciones de violencia dentro de su red de apoyo, lo que deslegitima socialmente su maternidad.
¿Quién cura y cómo cura? Tratamiento de la enfermedad en una comunidad rural de Ecuador.
Authors: Pasto-Capuz Jessica Valeria , Francisco Pérez Judith Inmaculada , Blanco Manuel Ramón
Published: October 2019

Introducción. La medicina tradicional es una alternativa terapéutica que respeta los saberes ancestrales y la multiculturalidad.Objetivo. Explorar las prácticas utilizadas para la curación de enfermedades en la comunidad San Miguel de Chalata, Ecuador.Métodos. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa, hermenéutica. Respondieron una entrevista semiestructurada, 22 adultos mayores residentes en la comunidad. Los discursos fueron grabados y transcritos y analizados.Resultados. Se valora a la medicina tradicional para curar enfermedades somáticas, por su accesibilidad, bajo costo y efectividad. Reconocen a la medicina convencional en la curación de enfermedades crónicas, sin embargo, la asocian con prolongados tiempos de espera y trato discriminatorio con las personas de mayor edad. Usan rituales en enfermedades sobrenaturales, mezclando fe, religiosidad y asistencia del poder divino universal.Conclusiones. La medicina tradicional y la convencional tienen atribuciones definidas en el pensamiento colectivo de esta comunidad. Aprueban el poder del sanador y respetan el conocimiento científico de los médicos profesionales. Las barreras del sistema convencional deberían estudiarse por su importancia en la utilización de los servicios sanitarios y la igualdad en salud.
Moldear el cuerpo como práctica de cuidados: el waltha-chumpi (niño-bulto) entre los inmigrantes bolivianos
Authors: Roldán Chicano María Teresa , García López María del Mar , Vera Pérez José Antonio , Davila Martínez Ruth
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Describir el “chumpi”, una práctica de cuidados a niños de hasta un año de edad propia del ámbito cultural quechua. Método: Diseño cualitativo basado en el método etnográfico y teoría fundamentada. Muestra: 27 inmigrantes bolivianos. Las estrategias para recoger datos fueron las entrevistas en profundidad y la observación participante. Los datos se categorizaron y ordenaron en esquemas lógicos manualmente y a través del programa ATLAS-ti v.5. Resultados: El chumpi facilita el transporte de los recién nacidos y los protege del frío de la cordillera andina mientras la madre los transporta y trabaja, pero descubrimos que esta práctica se sigue desarrollando por inmigrantes bolivianos en el Sureste de España.Discusión y Conclusiones: Motivaciones relacionadas con la cosmovisión quechua llevan a las mujeres bolivianas a seguir practicando el chumpi en los países a los que emigran. El chumpi moldea el cuerpo y el carácter del lactante de forma que un niño envuelto fuerte será fuerte. El chumpi, una práctica de cuidados, se convierte en una práctica cultural identitaria que puede generar situaciones conflictivas en el ámbito sanitario.
Reseña de Enfermedades raras. Contribuciones a la investigación social y biomédica, de Juan R. Coca (coord.)
Authors: Gómez Redondo Susana
Published: October 2019

Esta reseña describe las características de un libro necesario e interesante que trata la compleja realidad de las enfermedades raras de forma transdisciplinar.
Ekstraksi dan Formulasi Suspensi Oral Teripang Holothuria scabra sebagai Sumber Antioksidan
Authors: Ardiansyah Ardi
Published: October 2019

Extraction and Oral Suspension Formulation of Sea Cucumber Holothuria scabra as Source of Antioxidants. Sea cucumbers have long been utilized in the food and medicine for Asia and Middle East communities. Indonesia is one of the main suppliers in the trade of sea cucumbers in Asia. Sea cucumber utilization in Indonesia is generally done only in the form of raw materials. Holothuria scabra is one of the sea cucumber that can be explored as a potential source of antioxidants. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of sea cucumber H.scabra in extract and suspension. Sea cucumber was extracted with methanol 96% and ethanol 96%, then both antioxidant activity was tested. Extract with higher antioxidant activity were made into oral suspension preparation for further evaluation of the stability (organoleptic, pH, microorganisms) and antioxidant testing. The results showed that ethanol extracts had higher antioxidant activity of methanol extract, but still lower than ascorbic acid. Based on the calculation, IC50 of methanol extract was 316.85 ppm and ethanol extract was 130.54 ppm, while ascorbic acid showed IC50 34.06 ppm. The most stable formula (F1a) shows that there is still an antioxidant activity that is equal to 42.11 %.
Karang Lunak (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) di Perairan Biak Timur
Authors: Manuputty Anna Eliseba Wildamina
Published: October 2019

The Common Soft Corals (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) in East Biak Waters. Soft corals are tentacle-bearing invertebrates that belong to the phylum Coelenterata. The name soft corals rever to Octocorallia which have nonmassive skeleton as internal axis. Their polyps always bear eight tentacles, which are fringed by one or more rows of pinnules along both edges. Samples of soft corals commonly found in shallow tropical waters have been collected from East Biak, Papua, in 2013. Sampling was conducted in 13 observation points, using SCUBA diving, from coastal waters to a depth of 20 m. This study aimed to determine the diversity and taxa composition of soft coral community in East Biak waters. A total of 18 genera were collected, including 3 new genera for these waters, namely Dampia, Paraminabea, and Capnella, which are described and discussed in detail in this paper, in addition to the distribution and abundance of individuals.. These genera have already been recorded from East Indonesian waters, but only found in the waters of East Biak at the time of this study. Notes on their distribution and abundance on the reefs are presented. Diversity index was moderate, ranging from 0.699 to 2.477, in which the highest value was recorded in station BIAL T1. Some genera of the family Nephtheidae dominated the observation locations and formed colonies of the same genus with a quite large dispersion
Penetapan Kadar Kalsium dalam Pakan Formulasi untuk Zoea Awal Kepiting Scylla paramamosain
Authors: Pratama Idham Sumarto , Juwana Sri , Permadi Sandi
Published: October 2019

Determination of Calcium Concentration in Formulated Feed for Early Zoea Crab Scylla paramamosain. Calcification process of the new shell during postmoulting of crab fries needs calcium from food and water in the environment. However, the digestive enzymes in the early phase of zoea have not functioned perfectly yet, so the artificial feed given in the ration of crab fries may be less digestable. Therefore, in this study Enzyplex (commercial enzyme) was added to the formulated feed for rearing of crab fries (zoea at early phase). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of calcium addition into the formulated feed on the growth and survival of mud crab Scylla paramamosain Zoea. The study was conducted in August 2015 for 3 days. Zoea were kept in ecoplast containers with a stocking density of 50 ind / L. Calcium-D Kalzana was added as much as 0 mg/g (A), 50 mg/g (B), 100 mg/g (C), 150 mg/g (D ), and 200 mg/g (E) per batter (34.50 g) of  formulated feed, with 9 replications for each treatment. All ecoplast containers were placed in a waterbath at 30°C. The results show that the addition of calcium at a dose of 50 mg/g can successfully support the growth of Zoea I into Zoea II (66%) with the highest survival rate (7.6 ± 4.98%). The size of cephalothorax (597.69 ± 65.81 m), abdomen ( 1135.39 ± 126.47 m), and telson (409.23 ± 61.80 m) are shown to be larger than the other four treatments.
Model Sebaran Spasial Berlapis 2-Dimensi pada Beban Tersuspensi di Danau Tempe
Authors: Harsono Eko
Published: October 2019

Model of 2-Dimensional Layered Spatial Distribution of Suspended Load in Lake Tempe. Accumulation of sediment in Lake Tempe deriving from Bila, Sidenreng, and Batu-batu Rivers in the region of Walannae River will be dredged during barrage operation, but until now the location of sediment accumulation in the lake is still unknown. This study developed a model of 2-dimensional layered spatial distribution of suspended materials in Lake Tempe to determine the extent of sedimentation in the lake from suspended material inputs, so the location of sediment dredging can be determined appropriately. Model was calibrated using the observation data of TSS concentrations at 15 points in Lake Tempe at water level of 5 m which took place in March 2014. The result showed that the model was in accordance with the observed data. Based on the simulation of range setting of effluent discharge, it is known that if the range setting of effluent discharge is narrowed, the deposition of suspended loads in the lake becomes higher, so the TSS that comes out of the lake will be less. Based on the model simulation and simulation of suspended load reduction of the influent for each zone, the accumulation of sediment in Lake Tempe happens around the deepest area between Zone I and Zone III, and the factor affecting the distribution of TSS in the lake is the suspended loads of the influent from Bila River and the effluent discharge.
Karakteristik Morfologi Dasar Laut dan Hubungannya dengan Ketebalan Sedimen dan Kecepatan Arus di Selat Flores, Selat Lamakera, Selat Boling, dan Selat Alor
Authors: Hasanudin Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Characteristics of Sea Bottom Morphology and Their Relationships with Sediment Thickness and Current Speed in the Straits of Flores, Lamakera, Boling, and Alor.  The morphology of the seabed of a strait may affect sedimentary deposits and current speeds in the strait. The Straits of Flores, Lamakera, Boling, and Alor connect the Flores Sea and Savu Sea in East Nusa Tenggara Province. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of seabed morphology and its relation to sediment thickness and current speed in the straits. Single Beam Echosounder and SubBottom Profiler were used to measure depth of waters and subsurface. The results showed that the seabed of the Flores Strait was basin-shaped at a depth of about 250 m, while the seabed at the connections between the Straits of Boling, Lamakera, and Alor was a ridge leading to the Flores Sea and Savu Sea with depths up to 3,000 m. The thickness of the sedimentary sediments in the Flores Strait reached 50 m, while in the Straits of Boling, Lamakera, and Alor sedimentary deposits were not visible. In the Flores Strait which was characterized by narrow strait, the current speed ranged from 0.3 to 3.8 m/s. The descriptions of subsurface conditions in these straits can be used for navigation of ships that will cross the straits, especially vessels of more than 2,000 tons. The narrow strait morphology causes the mass of water in this region to have a high current speed. Therefore, the sedimentation occurs only in the Flores Strait due to its basin-shaped seabed.
Kondisi Terumbu Karang di Perairan Sisi Timur Pulau Tikus, Bengkulu
Authors: Giyanto, S.Si, M.Sc -
Published: October 2019

Condition of Coral Reefs in the Waters of the East Side of Tikus Island, Bengkulu.  Tikus Island is located in the Province of Bengkulu. This small island is about 10 km from the City of Bengkulu. The area is only about 19,800 m2. The waters in the east side of the island was often used as location for the unloading and loading of coal from small ships into large ship (coal transhipment), to be taken to other places. This is because the condition of the port of Baai in Bengkulu is not yet possible for large ships to enter the harbour area. The study to determine the condition of coral reefs in the waters of the east side of Tikus Island was conducted in November 2012. Coral reef data collection was conducted at three stations using Line Intercept Transect (LIT). In addition, the water clarity was also measured using a Secchi disk. The results showed that the water clarity on the east side of Tikus Island was still good for coral growth, with values ranging from 9 to10 m. The percentage of live coral cover was 38.89 ± 5.02%, which was categorized as "fair". This condition was relatively better compared to several other locations that were also located in the Indian Ocean. Supporting data such as the high diversity and density of indicator fish Chaetodontidae as well as the values of heavy metal concentrations in the water columns that are still below the threshold values for marine lives, strengthen the results obtained. Regardless of the presence or absence of negative impacts of coal transhipment occurring in the waters of the east side of Tikus Island, the coral reefs were still in a normal condition.
Difficulties in the Identification of Deep Sea Ophiuroidea Post-Larvae from Makassar Strait, Indonesia and Their Implication for Taxonomic Studies
Authors: Supono Supono
Published: October 2019

Brittle stars (Ophiuroidea) are one of the most difficult groups to be classified among five classes of echinoderm fauna. This is due to the limited information on their growth and development. Most of information on morphological description and ecology of the identified species were derived from the adult shallow water brittle stars. Meanwhile, the deep sea brittle stars, particularly larval and postlarval stages are less documented due to lack of investigation. This study investigated morphological characteristics of brittle star postlarvae collected from the deep sea of Makassar Strait on 8–15 June 2013. Six individual postlarvae of brittle stars were recorded. The important morphological characteristics of these postlarvae were described as preliminary record for similar future studies. All postlarvae collected in this study demonstrated lack of important structures for identification. Therefore, genetic studies may need to be carried out to identify the samples up to species level.
Komunitas Mangrove di Wilayah Pesisir Pulau Tidore dan Sekitarnya
Authors: Nurdiansah Doni , Dharmawan I Wayan Eka
Published: October 2019

Mangrove Community in Coastal Area of Tidore Islands.

Indonesia has the most extensive area of mangrove ecosystem in the world. It bring many direct and indirect benefits for the coastal community. Research on the condition of mangrove communities in Tidore, Halmahera, Ternate Island and surrounding areas was conducted in August 2015, to determine the current condition of mangrove communities in the region. Assessment condition mangrove forest was done by means of analyze the percentage covering canopy with the hemispherical photography methods (photography toward) vertical and analyze the percentage pixels from a photograph obtained by using software image J and Microsoft Excel. The species Sonneratia alba in the Maitara, Tidore, and Kaiyasa Island West Halmahera is the most dominant.
Pola Pertumbuhan dan Faktor Kondisi Hiu Merak Bulu Carcharhinus brevipinna di Perairan Selatan Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Sentosa Agus Arifin , Fahmi Fahmi , Chodrijah Umi
Published: October 2019

Growth Pattern and Condition Factor of Spinner Shark Carcharhinus brevipinna in Southern Nusa Tenggara Waters. The spinner sharks are one of shark commodities that are utilized optimally from the southern of Nusa Tenggara waters, however, the scientific information is still limited. This study aimed to assess the growth pattern and condition factors of the spinner shark, Carcharhinus brevipinna in southern Nusa Tenggara waters. The research was conducted from January to December 2016 using direct recording of the catch data. Information on length, weight and sex determinations were collected by the enumerator. The data was analysed descriptively with the shark condition was determined based on the relative condition factor obtaining from the length-weight relationship. The results showed that growth patterns of the spinner shark, both males and females, were allometrically negative. The relative condition factors of the catch of male sharks were ranged from 0.206 – 2.225  and females from 0.237 – 3.361. The condition factors of spinner sharks were not different between sexes and time of fishing, but they were different in length classes.
Konsumsi Oksigen Ikan Uceng Nemacheilus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846) pada Kondisi Padat Tebar yang Berbeda
Authors: Iswantari Aliati , Kurniawan Kurniawan , Priadi Bambang , Prakoso Vitas Atmadi , Kristanto Anang Hari
Published: October 2019

Oxygen Consumption of Barred Loach Nemacheilus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846) under Different Stocking Densities. In aquaculture system, fish growth is affected by stocking densities. One way to predict the effect of stocking density on growth is to determine fish metabolic rate through oxygen consumption measurements. In Barred loach Nemacheilus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846), the information was scarce on oxygen consumption. This study was to analyze the effect of stocking density on oxygen consumption in Barred loach conducted at Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Bogor in May 2018. Barred loach (total length: 5.79 ± 0.47 cm, weight: 1.32 ± 0.34 g) was observed its oxygen consumption on three different stocking densities (5, 10, and 15 fish/L) by using closed respirometers (volume: 1.4 L) with three replications of each treatment. Measurement of oxygen consumption was carried out under normoxia and hypoxia conditions. In addition, fish behavior and ventilation rate were also observed and recorded according to treatment. The results showed that the highest oxygen consumption of barred loach was found in the stocking density of 5 fish/L (1250.6 ± 128.4 mg O2/kg/h) which was significantly different from the stocking density of 10 fish/L (626.9 ± 46.7 mg O2/kg/h) and 15 fish/L (596.9 ± 48.9 mg O2/kg/h). Meanwhile, oxygen consumption of barred loach under hypoxic conditions decreased significantly compared to normoxic conditions, which was marked by a decrease in their swimming activities. Although the ventilation rate in hypoxic conditions has decreased, the value was not significantly different from those of normoxia condition. Results of this study provide information that an increase in stocking density and hypoxic conditions in barred loach caused a decrease in oxygen consumption rates. In addition, this study showed that the critical oxygen level for barred loach was around 3.1 mg/L
Bilateral Radial Club Hands at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana: A Case Report.
Authors: Konadu-Yeboah Dominic , Konadu Peter , C Yifieyeh Abiboye , Darkwa Ampem- , Schumacher Zainab
Published: October 2019

Radial Club Hand (RCH) is a rare and complex congenital disorder of the pre-axial border of the upper extremity. It is a congenital longitudinal radial ray deficiency which presents as radial deviation of the hand and distal forearm in the shape of a golf club 1, 2. Radial ray deficiency (the most common type of longitudinal failure of formation) is a spectrum of malformations affecting the structures of the radial side of the forearm, including hypoplasia of the bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves and blood vessels. The thumb dysfunction, wrist instability and short upper extremity that accompany this condition can cause significant functional impairment particularly in patients with bilateral involvement. Thus, the performance of activities of daily living such as accomplishing personal hygiene, fastening buttons and zippers becomes challenging 3.
Cellular and humoral immunity of diabetics at the early stages of the disease development: experience gained in the treatment with azathioprin, an immunosuppressant
Authors: Dedov I. I. , Abugova I. A. , Shishko P. I. , Shamkhalova M. Sh.
Published: October 2019

A total of 40 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, in whom the disease was diagnosed 1 to 12 months previously, were examined. An imbalance between the T and В cellular components of the immunity was found in the patients with the early stages of the disease, as was an elevated titer of the complement Cl component as against the reference group. The degree of the immunologic shifts was in direct correlation with the HLA A9 antigen expression, this relationship being the most marked in cases with the HLA DR3 and DR4. The incidence of these antigens expression was significantly higher in the patients with marked immunity shifts, than in those with negligible immunity changes. Therapy with an immunosuppressant azathioprin was associated with a noticeable reduction of the initially elevated cellular immunity parameters (total T and В lymphocyte counts, T helpers-inductors, DR carriers) and a trend towards a reduction of all the components and total activity of the classical route of the complement activation predominantly at the expense of the Cl and C5 components. The efficacy of this drug in therapy of new cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was confirmed, and the undisputable relationship between the efficacy of immunity suppression, that helped achieve a clinical remission, and the disease duration, was demonstrated. Monitoring of the cellular and humoral immunity parameters, of the activity of the classical route of the complement activation permitted an indirect judgement on the usefulness of immunity suppression for the correction of immunity disorders as factors contributing to the development of microvascular disturbances in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Lipid peroxidation system-antioxidant protection and the role of its disorders in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and angiopathies
Authors: Lyajfer A. I. , Solun M. N.
Published: October 2019

The urgency of the problem of diabetic angiopathies is highlighted by the fact that among patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus under the age of 20 years mortality rate is 7 times higher than the average mortality among the General population, and after reaching 20 years, the average annual risk of mortality is 20 times higher than the total population. Recently, in the study of many pathological conditions, considerable attention has been paid to structurally functional changes in cell membranes. The severity and duration of membrane-damaging processes in the body determine the clinical severity and features of the course of many diseases. Membrane destruction as a pathological phenomenon is primarily due to the involvement of cell membrane lipids in lipid peroxidation processes, which leads to a change in lipid-protein bonds, the strength of the complex of enzymes and other membrane macromolecules, damage to nucleic acids, and impaired cellular metabolism.
Retrospective assessment of the course of pubertal period in androgyny
Authors: Shilin D. Ye.
Published: October 2019

The course of sexual maturation and specific features of the clinical status were retrospectively studied in 65 women aged 17 to 39 with functional variants of androgyny in order to detect the earliest symptoms of nontumorous androgyny which debuts, as a rule, during the pubertal period. The androgynous syndrome was combined with menstrual dysfunction in 56 patients and coursed as idiopathic hirsutism (with regular biphasic cycle) in 9. Twenty-three (41%) patients of those with menstrual dysfunction, but none of those with the normal cycle, had a history of inverted puberty which started by isolated pubarche. In contrast to patients with normal puberty, inverted puberty was associated with earlier pubarche, late thelarche, and similar terms of menarche, the duration of the premenarche androgenization being prolonged almost live-fold (2.8 0.6 years in patients with inverted puberty vs. 0.6 + 0.1 years in the rest, p0.001). Despite an earlier cessation of growth in inverted puberty, the final height was the same, no matter what the type of puberty. The characteristics of hirsutism were likewise the same, but menstrual dysfunction in patients with inverted puberty was reliably more incident, started earlier, and ran a more grave course (almost always with chronic anovulation). Pubarche was preterm (before the age of 8 years) in 7 patients with inverted puberty and delayed in 16, no differences of any kind being detected between the two groups. A concept on the pathologic type of inverted puberty has been formulated for the first time. Despite the period of its onset, isolated pubarche leads to prolonged androgenization of gonadostat to menarche, this involving a high risk of formation of still more grave nosologic variants of the androgynous syndrome complicated by fertility disorders.
Time course of noninsulindependent diabetes mellitus prevalence: a ten-year prospective analysis
Authors: Suntsov Yu. I. , Kudryakova S. V.
Published: October 2019

Carbohydrate metabolism was tested in 2468 subjects (male and female) aged 20 to 69 living in one of Moscow districts by means of standard oral glucose tolerance test. Primary screening was carried out in 1979, repeated in 1989. The results indicate an evident increase in the incidence of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus both among men and women. The disease incidence in women was reliably higher than in age-matched men. Prevalence of the condition among women was characterized by a lower, in comparison with that among men, parameters of its time course.
Ultrasonographic assessment of thyroid palpation method in assessment of its size in children and adolescents
Authors: Kasatkina E. P. , Shilin D. Ye. , Matkovskaya A. N. , Pykov M. I.
Published: October 2019

The authors analyze the diagnostic value of thyroid palpation method (two modifications) comparing its results with those of ultrasonographic volumetry. The study involved 118 children aged 5 and 14 of both sexes living in regions endemic for goiter. The thickness of thyroid isthmus was found virtually the same no matter how greatly the gland was enlarged. The results proved the necessity of age-specific corrections in the criteria of current interpretation of palpation data: the first degree in preschool children was most often indicative of thyroid hypertrophy whereas in the pubertal age it was just a variant of normal size. Interpretation with due account of these amendments improved the reliability of diagnostic value of palpation, its sensitivity being 636, specificity 676, and accuracy 654%. When the results of palpation are adequately interpreted, the examinees age and sex and the method of examination proper do not influence the data accuracy. The sensitivity of palpation in detection of nodules up to 10 mm in diameter proved to be null (in 6 of the 81 examined adolescents sonographic signs of incapsulated formation were seen in the thyroid). Bearing all this in mind, the authors discuss differentiated approaches to management of children and adolescents with the first degree of palpated enlargement of the thyroid.
Comparative assessment of the effects of glurenorm and some sulfonylurea preparations on microcirculation in type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kakhnovsky I. M. , Koroleva T. V. , Zakharchenko V. N. , Larionov S. N.
Published: October 2019

Analysis of the effects of glurenorm and some sulfonylurea drugs, such as maninil, minidiab, chlorpropamid, on some parameters of intravascular microcirculation has demonstrated the specific features of this drug. Though all these hypoglycemic agents favorably influence the microcirculation when carbohydrate metabolism compensation is attained, glurenorm improved the status of formed elements of the blood (red cell and platelet aggregation) more noticeably than the rest drugs, which fact recommends it as a drug of choice for patients with type II medium-severe diabetes with the predominant involvement of the cellular component of the microcirculation.
Effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on microcirculation, oxygen budget, and acid base balance of patients with diabetic angiopathies of the lower limbs
Authors: Gonchar М. G. , Vavrik Zh. М. , Deltsova Ye. I. , Zelenetsky R. G.
Published: October 2019

These effects were studied in 52 patients with degrees III-IV diabetic angiopathies of the lower limbs. Microcirculation parameters were found changed in this patient population, this leading to disorders of the oxygen budget and development of metabolic acidosis. Development of destructive changes in the limb evidences failure of the compensatory adaptive mechanisms of microcirculation. Addition of hyperbaric oxygenation to multiple-modality treatment of patients with diabetic angiopathies was conducive to improvement of the blood rheology, of tissue saturation with oxygen, and to essential reduction of metabolic acidosis. The detected microcirculation disorders necessitate addition to the therapeutic complex of the drugs improving the biophysical characteristics of the blood.
Spironolactone therapeutic effect in the hyperandrogenism syndrome
Authors: Shilin D. Ye. , Dedov I. I. , Grigoryeva Ye. A.
Published: October 2019

Hyperandrogenism syndrome, the main manifestations of which are pathological hirsutism, acne, oily seborrhea, androgenic alopecia, accompanies a wide range of diseases of the female reproductive system, manifested by various disorders of menstrual function and infertility. Isolated hirsutism is also a serious psychological and cosmetic problem, especially since almost one in ten women of reproductive age have excessive hair growth. To get rid of "excess" hair, women use various methods. However, in severe manifestations of hyperandrogenism or in the case of severe and moderate hirsutism, it is advisable to use systemic antiandrogenic therapy.
Переход с PAPI на CAPI: опыт интервьюеров и характеристики, влияющие на их ожидания
Authors: Лебедев Даниил Вадимович , Богданов Михаил Богданович
Published: October 2019

В работе представлен анализ оценки интервьюерами и супервайзерами пробного этапа перевода опроса, проводимого в рамках проекта «Российский мониторинг экономического положения и здоровья населения НИУ ВШЭ» (РМЭЗ НИУ ВШЭ), с методики бумажной анкеты (Pen and Pencil Interview — PAPI) на методику с использованием планшета (Computer Assisted Personal Interview — CAPI). В качестве данных для анализа послужил материал 13 интервью с полевыми интервьюерами и тремя интервью с супервайзерами, а также анкетирование 50 интервьюеров.

Основными преимуществами CAPI являются: значительное снижение стоимости проведения полевого этапа (особенно в долгосрочной перспективе), повышение скорости передачи и обработки данных, а также в некоторых случаях повышение качества данных (например, увеличение доли содержательных ответов на сензитивные вопросы — потребление алкоголя, доход). Тем не менее, переход к сбору данных с использованием планшетов связан также с некоторыми рисками. Среди основных недостатков CAPI можно выделить увеличение воспринимаемой длительности анкеты, потерю гибкости в процессе заполнения анкеты, психологический дискомфорт (страх), а также возрастающую когнитивную нагрузку на интервьюеров. Использование планшетов также было сопряжено с такими техническими трудностями, как медленная работа устройства, полная или частичная потеря данных, невозможность определения местоположения.

Кроме того, интервьюеры отмечают изменение коммуникативной составляющей интервью при опросе с использованием планшетов, что потенциально может оказывать значительное влияние на восприятие ситуации интервьюерами и респондентами и снижать удовлетворенность участием в проекте. С помощью моделирования структурными уравнениями на данных анкетирования 50 интервьюеров, отобранных для участия в пробном этапе, было выявлено, что влияние возраста на ожидания интервьюеров относительно CAPI полностью опосредуется их уверенностью пользования техническими средствами.

Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках работы по гранту Российского научного фонда «Разработка интерактивной методической инфраструктуры для повышения качества данных лонгитюдных социологических исследований» (№ 17-78-20172).

Авторы статьи выражают благодарность за помощь в сборе данных и за ценные комментарии в процессе написания статьи И.Ф. Девятко и А.М. Мавлетовой.