bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Significance of disorders of proteomic profile of follicular fluid for predicting the effectiveness of in vitro fertilisation in women with infertility
Authors: Zolotykh O S , Lomteva S V , Sagamonova K Yu
Published: May 2018

Aim. To study the proteomic profile of follicular fluid in patients with infertility in assisted reproductive technology programs. Methods. The study included women with infertility included in assisted reproductive technology programs: 15 women who had in vitro fertilisation which resulted in pregnancy (group 1) and 16 women with a negative result of this program (group 2). Fractionation of the follicular fluid samples was performed using the sets of special magnetic beads. Proteomic profiling was performed by tandem MALDI-mass-spectrometry. The anti-Müllerian hormone level was measured by ELISA. Results. The study revealed differences in the detectability of follicular fluid proteins with different regulatory properties in patients of groups 1 and 2. With the negative outcome of in vitro fertilisation, expression of a number of proteins involved in the processes of folliculogenesis, ovulation, selection of the dominant follicle, as well as proteins necessary for the development of the zygote and blastula was reduced in females' follicular fluid. Increased expression in women from group 2 was registered for proteins enhancing proteolytic reactions, cell apoptosis, including oocytes, which disrupt the positive action of activin and damage structural and functional state of mitochondria. A definite relationship was found between the level of anti-Müllerian hormone and rate of detection of a number of proteins, in particular protocadherin-2α, cystatin C, betaglycan, prostatic acid phosphatase, and dermicidin. Conclusion. The revealed changes in proteomic profile of the follicular fluid obviously play an important role in the molecular mechanisms that determine the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies; the identified differentially expressed proteins can serve as objective markers for predicting the outcomes of in vitro fertilisation.
Acute adhesive small-bowel obstruction: laparotomy or laparoscopy
Authors: Malkov I S , Bagautdinov E B , Sharafislamov I F , Zogot S R , Misiev Dz Kh
Published: May 2018

Aim. To determine the capabilities of complex preoperative examination of patients with acute adhesive small-bowel obstruction for the choice of the method of surgical treatment. Methods. The diagnostic significance was studied for clinical and radiological methods in assessment of the prevalence of adhesive process in the abdominal cavity in 354 patients with acute adhesive small-bowel obstruction. Patients were divided into two groups: (1) a comparison group of 204 subjects examined by the standard protocol without the use of computed tomography and ultrasound without mapping of adhesions operated by an open procedure, and (2) the study group of 150 patients who underwent the modified diagnostic algorithm and laparoscopic adhesiolysis. To clearly understand the spread of adhesive process, on ultrasound examination the anterior abdominal wall was divided into four sectors. The severity of pathological process was assessed by enteral index and intra-abdominal pressure reflecting the degree of morphofunctional disorders. Results. The highest sensitivity (92%) among diagnostic methods was observed for X-ray contrast-enhanced computed tomography. The objective severity criteria for the patients with acute adhesive small-bowel obstruction are enteral index, intra-abdominal pressure, signs of diffuse peritonitis. The developed complex diagnostic program, presented in the form of an algorithm, was of decisive importance for the choice of the method of surgical intervention (laparotomy or laparoscopy). Conclusion. The optimal treatment option for patients with acute adhesive small-bowel obstruction is laparoscopic adhesiolysis, which should be regulated by the severity of the patient's condition and spread of the adhesion process; to determine the spread of adhesive process, a complex diagnostic program should be used, in which radiological methods take the lead.
Russian school of bioethics: a quarter of a century of development
Authors: Nezhmetdinova F T , Guryleva M E
Published: May 2018

The article presents the reasons for the emergence and development of bioethics as a scientific direction in the world and in our country. In the end of 21st century, humanity faced the complex of global problems solving which affected its survival nowadays: these are the problems of peaceful coexistence of states and peoples, environmental security, demography, health and quality of life connected to health. The science of bioethics which appeared in 1970s started their discussion, understanding and finding solutions, using interdisciplinary approach, involving the general public and seeking political solutions. At the origins of bioethics stood the American biochemist V.R. Potter and doctor A. Hellegers, and a German pastor Fritz Jahr. Boris Grigorievich Yudin can be considered the founder of the Russian school of bioethics, who defined objectives, tasks, basic science perspective in the light of national and regional peculiarities and modalities and founded the platform for discussions. The development of bioethics in our country was multicentered: it is possible to distinguish Moscow, Volgograd and Kazan centers of science development, each of which has its own outstanding terms of reference. The article presents the authors' view of contribution of the brightest representatives developing bioethics in our country, and role of certain scientific and educational centers.
Ricardo Miledi - an outstanding neurophysiologist of 20th-21st centuries (1927-2017)
Authors: Bregestovski P D
Published: May 2018

Ricardo Miledi (16.09.1927-18.12.2017) is an outstanding neurophysiologist and biophysicist who made a great contribution to the study of synaptic transmission functions. He proved the key role of сalcium ions in the release of neuromediators, developed methods of receptor expression and membrane fragments integration into large oocytes that provided huge possibilities for thousands of researchers to study subtle mechanisms of transmembrane proteins function in norm and pathology. Ricardo Miledi received his MD degree in the National Autonomous University of Mexico and in 1954 he defensed his dissertation on the study of electrical nature of cardiac fibrillation in the National Institute of Cardiology (Mexico). In 1956-1958 he underwent training in Canberra Health Research Institute (Australia) in the laboratory headed by John Eccles (Nobel Prize 1963). In 1958 R. Miledi was invited to the Department of biophysics of University College London where in cooperation with Bernard Katz (Nobel Prize 1970) made a number of important discoveries in the analysis of acetylcholine receptor expression in denervated mucle; determination of the role of calcium in neuromediators release; analysis of membrane noise on neuromediator application to neuromuscular synapses; study of the effect of antibodies from patients with myasthenia gravis on neuromuscular transmission. In the early 1980s Ricardo Miledi implemented the method of functional expression in Xenopus frog oocytes of receptors and ion channels from messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). His heritage running the gamut is presented in more than 500 articles.
Pengaruh Penambahan Jerami Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) Terhadap Karakteristik Fruit Leather Mangga (Mangifera indica L)
Authors: Yusmita Lisa , Wijayanti Ruri
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAKPenganekaragaman pangan merupakan program kebijakan pemerintah dengan tujuan untuk terus mengembangkan pangan agar dapat memantapkan kemandirian dan penyediaan pangan dengan jenis yang beragam dan kualitas yang makin meningkat, jumlah yang memadai dan tersebar merata sehingga dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pangan dan gizi. Untuk mendukung penganekaragaman pangan tersebut maka diperlukan upaya untuk melakukan pengolahan produk-produk hasil pertanian.Buah-buahan merupakan salah satu produk hasil pertanian yang umumnya dibuat menjadi produk olahan seperti jam, jelly, puree, sari buah, buah kaleng, manisan kering atau basah. Salah satu jenis produk buah-buahan yang kering selain manisan adalah fruit leather. Fruit leather adalah jenis makanan yang berasal dari daging buah yang telah dihancurkan dan dikeringkan. Produk ini berbentuk lembaran tipis seperti halnya kulit buah dengan tekstur yang plastis dan kenyal, rasanya manis tetapi masih memiliki ciri rasa khas buah yang digunakan. Fruit leather juga termasuk produk makanan yang tidak mengandung zat pewarna sehingga cocok untuk dijadikan cemilan dan mempunyai aneka ragam bentuk dan warna. Pengolahan buah-buahan menjadi fruit leather merupakan salah satu upaya divesifikasi pangan.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa secara statistik dengan uji F, kemudian bila berpengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji DNMRT pada taraf nyata 5%. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Program Studi Teknologi Industri Pertanian Universitas Dharma Andalas dan Laboratorium Teknologi Hasil Pertanian Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Andalas.Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa konsentrasi penambahan jerami nangka berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar vitamin C dan kadar serat kasar. Sementara untuk pengujian kadar air, total asam dan kadar gula ternyata tidak dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi penambahan jerami nangka. Kata kunci : fruit Leather, jerami nangka, mangga.
Kajian Penggunaan Bahan Penstabil CMC (Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose) dan Karagenan dalam Pembuatan Velva Buah Naga Super Merah (Hylocereus costaricensis)
Authors: Basito Basito , Yudhistira Bara , Meriza Dara Audina
Published: May 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi bahan penstabil CMC dan karagenan terhadap karakteristik sensori velva dan mengetahui karakteristik fisik (daya leleh, overrun, viskositas) dan kimia (total padatan terlarut, kadar air, aktivitas antioksidan dan serat pangan) velva buah naga super merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu variasi kombinasi bahan penstabil CMC dengan karagenan menggunakan 2 ulangan sampel dan 3 ulangan analisa. Data yang diperoleh pada pengujian sensori dianalisis dengan menggunakan one way ANOVA pada tingkat α = 0,005. Jika terdapat perbedaan nyata, maka kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada α = 0,05. Sedangkan data yang diperoleh pada pengujian fisik dan kimia dianalisis menggunakan Paired Sample t-Test pada tingkat α = 0,05.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa, kombinasi kulit dan daging buah naga super merah untuk dijadikan puree velva terbaik dengan perbandingan 1:4. Selanjutnya kombinasi bahan penstabil CMC dan karagenan mempengaruhi karakteristik sensori terhadap parameter tekstur dan overall. Tingkat penerimaan velva dengan kombinasi penstabil terbaik pada kombinasi CMC dan karagenan 1:1. Pengaruh penggunaan bahan penstabil CMC dan karagenan terhadap sampel kontrol terlihat pada karakteristik fisik seperti daya leleh, overrun dan viskositas. Selain itu pada karakteristik kimia seperti total padatan terlarut, aktivitas antioksidan dan serat pangan. Tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar air velva. Penggunaan bahan penstabil CMC dan karagenan  1:1 menunjukkan nilai daya leleh, overrun, viskositas, aktivitas antioksidan dan serat pangan semakin tinggi.
Kajian Pembuatan Permen Jelly dari Buah Tanjung (Mimusops elengi L)
Authors: El Husna Nida , Nilda Cut , Manik Sakirin
Published: May 2018

Tanaman tanjung (Mimusops elengi L.) merupakan tanaman pelindung yang banyak ditanam diperkarangan kantor, sekolah maupun dipingir-pinggir jalan dan hutan kota. Bagian tanaman tanjung yang biasa dimanfaatkan yaitu bunga, daun, akar dan kulit batang sedangkan buahnya tidak termanfaatkan sama sekali. Buah tanjung memiliki rasa sepat sehingga masyarakat tidak menyukainya. Rasa sepat pada buah bisa dikurangi dengan merendam buah dengan larutan kapur sirih. Salah satu cara yang dilakukan agar buah tanjung tidak terbuang yaitu dengan mengolahnya menjadi permen jelly. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama perendaman buah tanjung dengan larutan kapur dan konsentrasi gula terhadap karakteristik permen jelly yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK Faktorial) dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu lama perendaman buah tanjung dengan larutan kapur (J) dengan 3 taraf yaitu 12 jam (J1), 24 jam (J2) dan 36 jam (J3). Faktor kedua yaitu konsentrasi gula (G) dengan 3 taraf yaitu 70% (G1),  90% (G2) dan 110% (G3). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali ulangan sehingga diperoleh 27 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian lama perendaman buah tanjung berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap rasa dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap tekstur permen jelly yang dihasilkan. Semakin lama perendaman buah tanjung maka rasa kelat pada buah tanjung akan semakin berkurang. Konsentrasi gula yang berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap kadar air permen jelly buah tanjung. Semakin besar konsentrasi gula yang ditambahkan maka kadar air permen jelly yang dihasilkan semakin rendah. Interaksi lama perendaman buah tanjung dan konsentrasi gula berpengaruh nyata terhadap rasa permen jelly yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan nilai organoleptik, buah tanjung yang direndam dengan larutan kapur sirih selama 24 jam dan konsentrasi gula 90% merupakan kombinasi perlakuan terbaik dalam pembuatan permen jelly buah tanjung, yang menghasilkan permen jelly dengan kadar air 10,58%, pH  4,42, organoleptik warna 3,63 (suka), aroma 3,77 (suka), rasa 4,33 (suka) dan tekstur 4,66 (sangat suka).Kata kunci: buah tanjung, konsentrasi gula, lama perendaman, larutan kapur, permen jelly
Karakteristik Emulsifier Mono-Diasil Gliserol (MDAG) dari Crude Palm Oil (CPO) yang berasal dari Fat Pit pada Berbagai Konsentrasi Katalis NaOH
Authors: Silsia Devi , Electrika Fitri , Surawan Dewi , Meiriska Idha
Published: May 2018

Mono - Diasilgliserol (MDAG) merupakan merupakan emulsifier yang paling banyak digunakan dalam industri makanan. Emulsifier merupakan salah satu produk oleokimia yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik MDAG yang dihasilkan dari etanolisis crude palm oil (CPO) yang berasal dari Fat Pit dengan menggunakan katalis NaOH. Reaksi etanolisis dilakukan pada suhu 50°C selama 30 menit.  Konsentrasi katalis NaOH yang digunakan  adalah 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% dan 5% dari berat minyak. Proses pemisahan dilakukan dengan menggunakan sentifus. Karakteristik MDAG yang diamati adalah kadar air, asam lemak bebas (alb) dan kemampuannya sebagai emulsifier berupa kemampuan produk menurunkan tegangan permukaan, dan menstabilkan emulsi minyak air. Kadar air MDAG yang dihasilkan antara 0,027% - 0,14%, alb antara 1,27% - 0,14%, tegangan permukaan antara 26,76 dyne/cm – 34,86 dyne/cm dan kestabilan emulsi yang terbentuk antara 135 detik – 181,2 detik.
Kepedulian Pekerja Penanganan Bahan di Supermarket X pada Ergonomi
Authors: Mulyati Guntarti tatik , Ainuri Makhmudun
Published: May 2018

Manual material handling activities are still widely practiced in various industries, including supermarkets. Various products in supermarkets are moved with hand truck aids. This tool is used to ease of workers to avoid the risk of MSDs (musculoskeletal disorders) and LBP (low back pain). Workers' who concerns about work ergonomics, materials handling tools and their working environments can reduce the risk of MSDs and LBPs. In this paper we will examine how much the workers care about themselves, their tools, environment and their relation to work physiology of workers.Workers' concerns were identified using a Likert scale questionnaire with 5 scale of interest. Self-awareness is linked to an understanding of ergonomics, to hand tools used everyday and to the work environment. Occupational physiology is reflected in the pain experienced by workers as job impacts identified using Nordic Body Map (NBM), and work posture using OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysis System).The material handling worker assigned to move the product from supplier vehicle to warehouse or to showroom by hand truck. The survey results that the worker's concerned not so high on his ergonomics. The body map shows that before working the worker felt pain all over his body and got more pain after work. Worker's work posture varies substantially in category 1-2 which means that in this musculoskeletal system the work attitude results in significant tension influences requiring future improvement.
Safety of vaginal birth after single previous lower segment caesarean: a retrospective analysis of 200 cases
Authors: Jain Renu
Published: May 2018

Background: Vaginal birth after Caesarean delivery (VBAC) has long been proposed as a viable measure to reduce overall Caesarean delivery rates. The objective of present study was to assess predictive factors and to study outcome of pregnancy in women with one previous lower segment caesarean section underwent trial of scar, in author’s hospital setting.Methods: This retrospective analysis of 200 pregnant women with one previous lower segment caesarean section underwent trial of scar, was carried out over a period of one year, in department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior (M.P.). The maternal and neonatal data and data concerning the course of delivery were reviewed and subjected to statistical analysis.Results: The success rate of VBAC was 36%. Young maternal age, gestational age <40 weeks, neonate birth weight 2.5-3 kg, admission in active phase of labor, previous caesarean for malpresentation, meconium stained liquor and fetal distress, were associated with successful VBAC. The commonest indication of repeat caesarean section was non-progress of labor in 34.37% women. Admission rate to neonatal intensive care unit was less in VBAC (2.77%) than in repeat caesarean section group (7.03%). There was one case of uterine rupture. There were 3 perinatal deaths and no maternal deaths.Conclusions: Women with a prior caesarean section are at increased risk of subsequent caesarean. Vaginal birth after caesarean should be encouraged in selected cases to reduce the risks of repeated caesarean sections. However, in the event of a failed trial, there is a definite increase in neonatal and maternal morbidity which is also reflected in our study.
The state of dyslipidemia after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Hussein Ahmed Mahmoud
Published: May 2018

Background: Obesity and dyslipidemia have a strong relation to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Bariatric surgery is directed towards the loss of patients weight and resolution of comorbidities as hyperlipidemia. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, a feasible restrictive procedure, is one the most popular and successful operations for achieving this purpose. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on the lipid profile, comparing preoperative with postoperative results 12 months after surgery.Methods: This study included fifty morbidly obese cases that underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Preoperative and postoperative BMI and lipid parameters were documented and analysed at 12 months postoperatively.Results: The mean age of the studied group ±SD was 32.7±9.2 years, female predominance was found. BMI improved significantly after the LSG procedure with a mean±SD of 32.2±4 kg/m2. A significant improvement of dyslipidemia was found with a p-value (<0.001) regarding the mean level±SD of total cholesterol (TC) (180.5±25mg/dl), triglycerides (TG) (127.2±14.7mg/dl), low density lipoprotein (LDL) (94.2±14.5mg/dl) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) (48.4±5.6 mg/dl).Conclusions: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is a feasible and successful operation in reducing the body weight and subsequently improving the dyslipidemia of the morbid obese individuals.
Pattern of upper gastrointestinal diseases: an audit of 1000 cases based on endoscopic findings from a tertiary care hospital in Mysore
Authors: H. B. Shashikumar , B. S. Madhu , Harshini Motati
Published: May 2018

Background: Fibreoptic endoscopy is a highly efficient diagnostic tool, which is now increasingly being used in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal diseases. This study has been carried out to evaluate the distribution of various upper gastrointestinal diseases based on endoscopic findings in a tertiary care hospital in Mysore.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted based on data from endoscopic register of 1000 subjects who underwent endoscopy for various upper gastrointestinal symptoms from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2017(one year).Results: Mean age of the study population was 50.23 years (SD-15.46). Minimum age was 12 years and maximum was 88 years. About 44.7% of the study subjects belonged to 40-60 age group.61.6% of the study subjects were males. Most common indication was pain abdomen (32.1%) followed by dysphagia (22.2%). Of the 1000 study subjects 18.6% had normal findings. Most common finding was Gastritis / Duodenitis /Gastric erosions (28%). Malignant lesions were noted among 11.1%, of which esophagus and stomach are 5.4% and 4.9% respectively.Conclusions: Endoscopic diagnosis is useful for early detection of UGI diseases and helpful for their management.
Study of clinical and biochemical profile of acute alcoholic liver disease in a teaching hospital in Telangana
Authors: Khatroth Shamsunder
Published: May 2018

Background: Chronic alcohol consumption gives rise to various health risks that include liver disease, heart disease, pancreatitis, central nervous system disorders and certain forms of cancer. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a spectrum of clinicopathological abnormalities, reflecting an acute or chronic inflammation of the liver parenchyma induced by alcohol use. It is associated with changes in various biochemical parameters and also various clinical manifestations in the patients. The objective of the present study to evaluate clinical and biochemical profile of acute alcoholic liver disease.Methods: The prospective hospital-based case control study was done at MNR Medical College, in the department of General Medicine for duration of one year from March 2017 to April 2018. A total of 120 cases diagnosed clinically and biochemically as Acute alcoholic liver disease were included in the study.Results: The age group ranged from 20 to 60 years and the male to female ratio was 2.42. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 30-40 years (54.1%).  Majority of the patients (66.6%) consumed >60 grams/24hours of alcohol. Jaundice, nausea and vomiting were seen in 83.3% cases followed by hepatomegaly in 66.6% cases. Majority of them had been consuming alcohol for more than 5 years.Conclusions: Chronic alcohol consumption is more common in adult males. Chronic alcoholics consume more amount of alcohol. Alcoholic liver disease has a varied clinical presentation and is associated with deranged biochemical parameters.
Comparison of prediction of outcomes in upper GI bleed using non-endoscopic scoring systems
Authors: B. S. Nagaraja , K. Vinay , K. Akhila Rao , K. J. Umesh , B. C. Prashant
Published: May 2018

Background: Several scoring systems have been designed for risk stratification and prediction of outcomes in upper GI bleed. Endoscopy plays a major role in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of UGIB patients. However not all patients with UGIB need endoscopy. The objective of the present study was compared the prediction of mortality using different scoring systems in patients with upper GI bleed. A decision tool with a high sensitivity would be able to identify high and low risk patients and for judicious utilization of available resources.Methods: 100 patients were assessed with respect to their clinical parameters, organ dysfunction, pertinent laboratory parameters and five risk assessment scores i.e. clinical Rockall, Glasgow Blatchford, ALBI, PALBI and AIMS65 were calculated.Results: For prediction of outcomes, AIMS65 was superior to the others (AUROC of 0.889), followed by the GBS (AUROC of 0.869), followed by clinical Rockall score (AUROC 0.815), followed by ALBI score (AUROC of 0.765), followed by PALBI score (AUROC of 0.714) all values being statistically significant.Conclusions: The AIMS65 score is best in predicting the mortality in patients with upper GI bleed. The optimum cut off being >2. Though GBS may be better in predicting the need for intervention, it is inferior in predicting the mortality. The newer scores like ALBI and PALBI are inferior to AIMS65 and GBS in predicting mortality.
Assessment of quality of life in alcohol dependents taking treatment in government de-addiction centre, Chennai
Authors: R. Selvaraj , M. Duraimurugan
Published: May 2018

Background: Heavy alcohol drinking is a major public health problem in most of the developing countries. Each year about 3.3 million deaths is caused by alcohol consumption and this is the main causal factor for about 200 various diseases that contributes about 5.9% deaths. Quality of life (QoL) is affected in alcohol dependents significantly. This study was conducted to determine the QoL of alcohol dependent patients in government de-addiction centre and to study the factors associated with the QoL of alcohol dependents.Methods: Across sectional study done using validated semi structured questionnaire contains sociodemographic details, SADD and WHO QoL-BREF-26 questionnaire.Results: Almost half of the participants (46.7%) were less than 30 years old. The major portion of the participants (70%) belonged to the lower class. Almost half of them (46.6%) were either unmarried or separated. Major portion of the participants of the study population are having medium (46.67%) and high level (40%) of dependence. Around 83.3%of the participants were affected by any one of the psychiatric co-morbidities. Around 2/3rd of participants (66.7%) are started to work before the legal age to work. Half of the alcohol dependents (53.33%) having family members with harmful alcohol intake behaviour. The mean baseline score of QoL of study subjects were compared to the mean scores of the healthy individuals.Conclusions: The QoL is the most valuable tool for the interventional management and designing the management programme. Around 80% of the study population are literate and 90% of the study population having good intention towards recovery.
Total hip replacement versus hemiarthroplasty in intracapsular fracture of the elderly
Authors: Aljizani Ali , Baawad Faris , Almaghrabi Ahmad , Alshehri Abdulsalam , Alhawash Atif , Alzahrani Jehad , Almashni Riyadh , Aljabri Nibras , Assiri Abdullah , Alzaibak Abdulah
Published: May 2018

Hip fracture is common among elderly and it is considered a major public health problem. Total hip replacement and hemiarthroplasty are the procedures of choice for managing intracapsular hip fracture among this population. Each procedure has its advantages and disadvantages. Total hip replacement is generally more preferred because of its safety, efficacy, higher success rates, better early recovery, and lower need for operative revision. On the other hand, it is associated with higher dislocation rates and higher general complications. Hemiarthroplasty is another safe option for management of intracapsular hip fracture. It is associated with higher stability and lower dislocation rates. However, revision may be required postoperatively, and the functional outcomes are slightly lower. This article will review the literature evidence of the advantages and disadvantages of both total hip replacement and hemiarthroplasty.
Association of Helicobacter pylori in nasal polyposis
Authors: B. Nandyal Channabasawaraj , Shankar Naik L. R. , L. Sahana , Bhat Quasser R. , Naaz Farha
Published: May 2018

Background: A significant number of patients with gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD) disease are actually infected with Helicobacter pylori, transmission of the bacteria from stomach to nose may occur. Few studies have revealed the presence of Helicobacter pylori in normal nasal mucosa, in patients with chronic rhino sinusitis and in nasal polyps but the results have been conflicting and further studies are required for its establishment. The aims and objectives of the study were to study the presence of Helicobacter Pylori in nasal polyp specimen by using non specific tests- rapid urease test, Giemsa stain and H&E stain, specific tests-immunohistochemistry and culture.

Methods: 35 patients with nasal polyp were underwent endoscopic nasal polypectomy. Specimens were analyzed for presence of Helicobacter pylori by urease test, Giemsa stain, Hemotoxylin and Eosin stain, Immunohistochemistry and culture.  

Results: Out of 35 patients 10 patients had gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD), in which 06 patients showed positive for urease test and Giemsa stain and 3 patients picked up by immunohistochemistry test and growth in culture media. Of which Helicobacter pylori positive cases by H&E stain showed typical hyperplastic epithelium and lymphoid aggregation.

Conclusions: There exists an association between H. pylori and nasal polyps and GERD. Non-specific urease test and modified Giemsa stain were positive in considerable number of cases, but the statistical significance could not be established. Immunohistochemistry and culture can be regarded as the procedure of choice in truly positive cases infected with H. pylori along with hyperplastic epithelium in H & E stain, all with co-relative finding but require larger study to establish their association which will help in further research and treatment.

 
Audiological assessment in organophosphorous poisoning
Authors: Singh Mahender , Minhas R. S. , Machhan Prem , Azad Ramesh Kumar , Mohindroo Shobha
Published: May 2018

Background: Organophosphate (OP) poisoning is a common cause of significant mortality and morbidity all over the world. In Asia, OP poisoning is the most common form of fatal self harm. Previous studies have suggested hearing loss due to OP poisoning. The aim of the study was to study audiological assessment in the patients with OP poisoning.

Methods: 26 patients (age <50 years) of OP poisoning over a period of one year were included in the study following ethical approval from Institute Ethics Committee. 25 healthy subjects served as control. Each subject was subjected to brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) examination.  

Results: 50% patients with OP poisoning were aged between 20-29 years. Male outnumbered females in the patients (M:F- 17:9) as well as controls (M:F- 17:8). Only absolute wave-v latency (ms) was statistically significantly prolonged in cases when compared with controls in both right (0.035) as well as left ears (0.048). We found no statistical significant difference in interpeak wave I-III, III-V, I-V latency of both ears in cases when compared with controls. On second assessment in the patients, we observed a statistical significant decrease in absolute wave III and V latency, and interpeak I-III interval in right ear when compared with wave latency at first assessment. In left ear on second assessment, a significant decrease in absolute wave I, III, and V latency was observed in the patients.

Conclusions: OP compounds may affect entire neural auditory pathway. Further studies with a large sample size are required for the assessment.
Epidemiological analysis of hip fractures at a tertiary care center: a retrospective study
Authors: Bishnoi Madharam , Kirmani Tabish Tahir , Huda Najmul , Chahal Gaurav , Bishnoi Sandeep
Published: May 2018

Background: Hip fractures are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population posing significant burden on health care resources. The purpose of this study is to determine the epidemiological analysis of hip fractures at a tertiary care center.

Methods: This was a retrospective study done on patients with hip fractures admitted during the period 2015-2017 in Moradabad district of Uttar Pradesh. Case files and radiographs of patients were reviewed for age, gender, nature of trauma, associated comorbidities, type of fracture and presence of osteoporosis.

Results: During the 2015-2017 period, 2214 patients with hip fractures were admitted, out of which 1180 were males and rest females. The mean age of patients was 56.8 years with 41.6% belonging to age group 60-75 years. In elderly patients, a low energy simple fall accounted for >85% of fractures with presence of significant osteoporosis (Singh’s index grade 3). The in hospital mortality was 2.1%. Hip fracture characteristics included intertrochanteric 57.81%, femoral neck 30.26% and sub trochanteric 11.93%. Smoking and medical comorbidities were present in a significant number of patients.

Conclusions: With increased longevity, hip fractures are an increasing health care problem. Various preventive measures for osteoporosis and falls will decline the prevalence of these fractures.
CONCLUSÕES DE TRABALHOS CIENTÍFICOS SOBRE O SISTEMA PÚBLICO DE ESCRITURAÇÃO DIGITAL – SPED
Authors: Silva Jean Marcos , Freitas Jeferson Andrade de Freitas , Tomaz Elizeu Rodrigues , Albuquerque Rocheliel Paulino
Published: May 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as principais conclusões dos trabalhos científicos produzidos sobre o Sistema Público de Escrituração Digital – SPED, com o intuito de identificar possíveis vieses e lacunas de pesquisa. Foram selecionados e analisados 67 trabalhos científicos, publicados entre o período de 2007 a 2016. A metodologia aplicada foi o método de revisão bibliográfica integrativa. A base de dados consultada foi o Google Acadêmico. Os dados foram distribuídos em cinco categorias de análise, com o aporte do software Atlas ti. versão 6: Aspectos Tecnológicos, Qualificações, Perspectivas, Resultados da Implementação e Impactos na Profissão Contábil. Os resultados evidenciaram os benefícios que os sistemas de informação trouxeram para o profissional contábil. Verificou-se ainda as características e desafios do SPED, bem como os obstáculos que empreendedores, governo e profissionais da contabilidade tiveram com a implementação do SPED. Conclui-se que o estado da arte sobre o SPED abrange assuntos relacionados à redução de papel a partir da implantação do Sistema, à implementação de capacitação para adequação de recursos humanos para atuarem na contabilidade, bem como à disponibilização de tempo livre em função da instalação de recursos tecnológicos. Além disto, conclui-se que os trabalhos estudados apontam que o Sistema contribuiu para o fortalecimento institucional do Brasil por propiciar fiscalização dos contribuintes com o auxílio tecnológico.
COMPETITIVIDADE E INTERCÂMBIO COMERCIAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: UMA ANÁLISE DA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DE CARNE DE FRANGO (1997 – 2013)
Authors: Lazaretti Lauana Rossetto , Batistella Patricia , Presotto Elen , Teixeira Felipe Orsolin , Feistel Paulo Ricardo
Published: May 2018

O objetivo geral do estudo é analisar a competividade das exportações de carne de frango do Rio Grande do Sul, quando comparadas com as exportações de outros países, no período de 1997 a 2013. Utilizou-se índices de vantagens comparativas, como o apresentado por Balassa (1965) e Lafay (1990), indicadores de concentração de comércio, como o de Gini-Hirchman, e de caracterização do comércio (intra-setor ou intersetor). Confirmou-se a hipótese de que as exportações gaúchas são competitivas. As exportações do Rio Grande do Sul para a Arábia Saudita possuem vantagem comparativa quando considerado o saldo do comércio. A pauta exportadora do estado é concentrada em poucos destinos, enquanto as importações são diversificadas. O comércio internacional gaúcho é do tipo intersetorial, ou seja, a comercialização entre o estado e os demais países procede de setores diferentes.
Antibiotic prescription before and after rapid antigen detection test (RADT) for beta-hemolytic streptococci
Authors: Derhem Baki , Özsarı Süleyman , Erturhan Selman
Published: May 2018

Objectives:
Acute
pharyngo-tonsillitis is one of the diseases that pediatricians and general practitioners
most frequently experienced and only a small percentage of patients (20%-30% of
pediatric patients, even less in adults) are actually suffering from
pharyngo-tonsillitis by group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS). Also three quarters of pharyngitis patients
have been treated with inappropriate antibiotics even these patients have viral
infections. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the rapid
antigen detection test (RADT) on the percentage of antibiotic prescriptions
amongst patients with sore throat at a primary health care center in rural
area. Methods: Retrospective
Cohort Study was designed to compare antibiotic prescription in patients with
sore throats in two groups, one with the use of RADT and other with the clinical desicions
of physicians. The x2 test was used between two nominal variables to
assess the impact of RADT on antibiotic prescription. For comparison of more
than two independent variables, the ANOVA test was used and to identify the
differences between groups, the Post-Hoc test was processed. Results: Of the 580 patients, the
avarage age of the study population was 25.8 years old while the median age was
21 years (min.=3, max.=65). There was a significant difference between two
groups who had tested with RADT or not in terms of antibiotic prescription (p < 0.001). There was a significant
difference between 3-14 years of age and 15-44 years of age (p = 0.001) as well as 3-14 years of age
and 45-65 years of age (p = 0.009),
however there was no significant difference between 15-44 and 45-65 years of
age (p = 1.00). Conclusions: Using the RADT is truly
effective in reducing the percentage of antibiotic prescriptions in our
setting. We believe that, the tools like RADTs which are quickly results and
easy to use are really useful in practising (particularly in rural area).
Surgical interventions for autogenous arteriovenous fistula aneurysms in hemodialysis patients
Authors: ÖZSİN Kadir Kaan , SANRI Umut Serhat , KAHRAMAN Nail , TOKTAŞ Faruk , YAVUZ Şenol
Published: May 2018

Objectives. The aim of this study was to emphasize the importance
of surgical intervention perfotmed before development of arteriovenous fistula (AVF)
aneurysm complications. Methods. The patients were categorized
 into two groups: Patients undergoing elective
surgery for autogenous AVF aneurysm were defined as elective group (Group 1), whereas
those who underwent emergency surgery due to ruptured aneurysmal fistulas were
defined as emergency group (Group 2). All elective cases were evaluated by
doppler ultrasonography before surgery. All patients had temporary hemodialysis
catheters. In the patients with salvaged fistulas, the fistulas was rested for
1 week. A new fistula was created in patients with not salvaged fistula. Results. A total of 31 patients (54.8% male, mean age: 41.2 ± 14.7 years) were in
Group 1 and 7 patients (57.1% male, mean age: 53 ± 9.4 years) were in Group 2. Signiﬁcant
difference was observed between two groups in terms of fistula preservation.
Salvaged fistulas were significantly higher in the Group 1 than Group 2 (p = 0.003). In Kaplan-Meier curves,
cumulative primary AVF patency rates at 1, 3 and 6 months were 96.3%, 81.5%,
and 77.8% in Group 1 and 66.7%, 66.7%, and 66.7% in Group 2, respectively (log-rank;
p = 0.536). Conclusions. Consultation
of these cases with a cardiovascular surgeon before they reach the rupture
stage is an important condition for both the patency of the fistula and the
vital risk of the patient.
Tâcüddîn Es-Sübkî’nin Hayatı İlmi Şahsiyeti ve Eserleri
Authors: YAŞAR Mehmet Aziz
Published: May 2018

Tâcüddin
es-Sübkî, fıkıh, hadis, tefsir, kelam, ahlak, İslâm tarihi, Arap dili ve
belagati, gibi İslâmî ilimlerinin farklı alanlarında eserler vermiş olmasına
rağmen onun esas ihtisas alanı fıkıh usûlü ilmidir. O, bu sahada yapmış olduğu
çalışmalarla ün yapmış ve usûlcü kimliğiyle tanınmıştır. Kahire ve Dımaşk gibi
dönemin ilim merkezlerinin farklı medreselerinde ders vererek birçok âlim
yetiştirmiştir. Aynı zamanda devlet yönetiminin değişik kademelerinde
görevlendirilmiş ve dönemim ilmiye sınıfının en üst makamı olan kâdılkudât (baş
yargıç) mertebesine kadar yükselmiştir. Eserlerinin büyük çoğunluğu matbudur.
Bu çalışmada İslâm tarihçiliği açısından parlak bir dönemde yaşayan ve
kendisinden sonrakiler üzerinde derin etkiler bırakan Tâcüddin es-Sübkî’nin
Hayatı, İlmi kişiliği, Hocaları, Öğrencileri ve Eserleri ele alınarak ilim
dünyasına biraz daha tanıtılacaktır.
Nicanor Parra, todavía
Authors: Martos Carrera Marco
Published: May 2018

El autor nos presenta un breve estudio crítico sobre el “poeta y antipoeta” chileno Nicanor Parra (1914-2018), a quien considera “un gran conocedor de los ritmos de nuestro idioma, como un poeta músico verdaderamente encantador”, que “dinamita lo conocido para crear algo radicalmente diferente, entendible en distintos niveles por públicos diversos”.
Taki onqoy, ¿epidemia de intoxicación por exposición al mercurio?
Authors: Pamo Reyna Oscar G.
Published: May 2018

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Apuntes para la historia de un médico peruano en la segunda guerra mundial
Authors: Pinto-Bazurco Mendoza Ricardo
Published: May 2018

Los estudios sobre la Segunda Guerra Mundial resultan inagotables,más aun, cuando se encuentran nuevos episodios que se vinculan a la participación peruana. Capítulos de la guerra escritos por compatriotas que participaron, como fuera el caso del médico peruano Ernesto W. Pinto-Bazurco Alcalde, en un conflicto que no era el suyo y que arriesgaron su propio bienestar por salvaguardar la libertad y la vida de muchas personas. Hechos que nos vinculan  sobremanera con el más terrible y lamentable acontecimiento bélico del siglo XX.
Flor Padilla y sus niñas muñecas de ensueño
Authors: Pamo Reyna Oscar G.
Published: May 2018

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Crío-microscopía electrónica. Resolviendo la estructura molecular de la vida al detalle atómico
Authors: Florez Ariza Alfredo , Guerra Giraldez Daniel
Published: May 2018

Recientemente, la Crío-Microscopía Electrónica (CryoEM) ha alcanzado la resolución atómica para complejos moleculares de proteínas en solución acuosa. Tres contribuciones claves en este desarrollo fueron: establecer condiciones de energía mínima para no destruir las biomoléculas; la vitrificación de muestras a temperaturas ultrabajas para que las biomoléculas estén protegidas de la evaporación; el desarrollo de algoritmos para construir modelos tridimensionales a partir de imágenes CryoEM. Además, se propone la creación en la UPCH del primer centro de biología estructural en Perú, gracias a las colaboraciones ya establecidas con dos centros mundiales de referencia en CryoEM.
El universo en la urdimbre del espacio/tiempo
Authors: Vivar Mendoza Aldo
Published: May 2018

En su Teoría General de la Relatividad, Albert Einstein propuso la existencia de ondas gravitacionales como curvaturas del espacio/tiempo. Rainer Weiss, Kip Thorne y Barry Barish, por casi cuarenta años, concibieron y desarrollaron el interferómetro de láser como instrumento para detectar tales ondas que fueron descubiertas en 2015, hallazgo que les valió el premio Nobel de Física 2017.
Abundance Indices of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) from the Indonesian Drifting Gillnet Fishery in the Indian Ocean
Authors: Novianto Dian , Ilham Ilham , Setyadji Bram , Nainggolan Chandara , Suwardjo Djodjo , Nugroho Suciadi  Catur , Syamsuddin Syarif , Efendi Arief , Krisnafi Yaser , Handri Muhamad , Basith Abdul , Yusrizal Yusrizal , Nugraha Erick
Published: May 2018

Skipjack tuna supports a valuable commercial fishery in Indonesia. Skipjack tuna are exploited in the Indian and Pacific Oceans with a variety of gear but drifting gillnets are a common method used by Indonesian fishers. However, despite of its importance, little information on the drifting gillnet fishery is available. This study describes a preliminary examination of the catch and effort data from the Indonesian skipjack drifting gillnet fishery. Utilizing daily landing report from 2010-2015, nominal catch per unit of effort (CPUE) data were calculated as kg/day at sea. Generalized Linear Models (GLM) were used to standardize the CPUE, using year, quarter, day at sea, and area as fixed variables. Model Goodness-of-fit and model comparison was carried out with the Akaike Information Criteria (AIC), the pseudo coefficient of determination (R2) and model validation with a residual analysis. The final estimation of abundance indices was calculated by least square means (LSMeans) or Marginal Means. The results showed that days accounted for most of the variation in CPUE, followed by year, quarter, and area. In general, there were no noticeable trends indicative of over exploitation or population depletion suggesting a sustainable fishery for Skipjack tuna in Indonesian waters.
Effects of Light Dosimetry in Photobleaching of The Photosensitizer (PS) and Cyanine Dye (CD) Moieties in Ps-Cd Conjudates and Its Correlation with Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Efficacy
Authors: James Nadine , Cheruku Ravindra R. , Missert Joseph R. , Sunar Ulas , Pandey Ravindra K.
Published: May 2018

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer is dependent on three primary components: photosensitizer (PS), light, and oxygen. Because these components are interdependent and vary during the dynamic process of PDT, assessing PDT efficacy may not be trivial. Therefore, it has become necessary to develop pre-treatment planning, on-line monitoring and dosimetry strategies during PDT, which become more critical for two or more chromophore systems, e.g. PS-CD conjugates developed in our laboratory for fluorescence-imaging and PDT of cancer. In this study, we observed a significant impact of variable light dosimetry; (i) high light fluence and fluence rate (light dose: 135 J/cm2, fluence rate: 75 mW/cm2) and (ii) low light fluence and fluence rate (128 J/cm2 and 14 mW/cm2 and 128 J/cm2 and 7 mW/cm2) in photobleaching of the individual chromophores and their long-term tumor response. The fluorescence at the near-infrared (NIR) region of the PS-NIR fluorophore conjugate was assessed intermittently via fluorescence imaging. The loss of fluorescence, photobleaching, caused by singlet oxygen from the PS was mapped continuously during PDT. The tumor responses (BALB/c mice bearing Colon26 tumors) were assessed after PDT by measuring tumor sizes daily. Our results showed distinctive photobleaching kinetics rates between the PS and CD. Interestingly, compared to higher light fluence, the tumors exposed at low light fluence showed reduced photobleaching and enhanced long-term PDT efficacy. The presence of NIR fluorophore in PS-CD conjugates provides an opportunity of fluorescence imaging and monitoring the photobleaching rate of the CD moiety for large and deeply seated tumors and assessing PDT tumor response in real-time.
Critical Point Drying: An Effective Tool for Direct Measurement of the Surface Area of Pretreated Cellulosic Biomass
Authors: Kang Kyu-Young , Hwang Kyung Ran , Park Ji-Yeon , Lee Joon-Pyo , Kim Jun-Seok , Lee Jin-Suk
Published: May 2018

Surface area and pore size distribution of Eucalyptus samples pretreated by different methods were determined by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) technique. Three methods were applied to prepare cellulosic biomass samples for BET measurements: air, freeze, and critical point drying (CPD). Air and freeze drying caused severe collapse of biomass pore structures, but CPD effectively preserved biomass morphology. Surface area of CPD prepared Eucalyptus samples was determined to be 58–161 m2/g, whereas air and freeze dried samples were 0.5–1.3 and 1.0–2.4 m2/g, respectively. Average pore diameter of CPD prepared Eucalyptus samples were 61–70Å. CPD preserved Eucalyptus sample morphology by replacing water with a non-polar solvent, CO2 fluid, which prevented hydrogen bond reformation in the cellulose.