bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Animal lifestyle affects acceptable mass limits for attached tags
Authors: Wilson Rory P. , Rose Kayleigh A. , Gunner Richard , Holton Mark D. , Marks Nikki J. , Bennett Nigel C. , Bell Stephen H. , Twining Joshua P. , Hesketh Jamie , Duarte Carlos M. , Bezodis Neil , Jezek Milos , Painter Michael , Silovsky Vaclav , Crofoot Margaret C. , Harel Roi , Arnould John P. Y. , Allan Blake M. , Whisson Desley A. , Alagaili Abdulaziz , Scantlebury D. Michael
Published: October 2021

Animal-attached devices have transformed our understanding of vertebrate ecology. To minimize any associated harm, researchers have long advocated that tag masses should not exceed 3% of carrier body mass. However, this ignores tag forces resulting from animal movement. Using data from collar-attached accelerometers on 10 diverse free-ranging terrestrial species from koalas to cheetahs, we detail a tag-based acceleration method to clarify acceptable tag mass limits. We quantify animal athleticism in terms of fractions of animal movement time devoted to different collar-recorded accelerations and convert those accelerations to forces (acceleration × tag mass) to allow derivation of any defined force limits for specified fractions of any animal's active time. Specifying that tags should exert forces that are less than 3% of the gravitational force exerted on the animal's body for 95% of the time led to corrected tag masses that should constitute between 1.6% and 2.98% of carrier mass, depending on athleticism. Strikingly, in four carnivore species encompassing two orders of magnitude in mass (
ca
2–200 kg), forces exerted by ‘3%' tags were equivalent to 4–19% of carrier body mass during moving, with a maximum of 54% in a hunting cheetah. This fundamentally changes how acceptable tag mass limits should be determined by ethics bodies, irrespective of the force and time limits specified.
Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy coupled with the use of the photosensitizers methylene blue and temoporfin as a potential novel treatment for Staphylococcus aureus in burn infections
Authors: Hampden-Martin Alistair , Fothergill Jo , El Mohtadi Mohamed , Chambers Lucy , Slate Anthony J. , Whitehead Kathryn A. , Shokrollahi Kayvan
Published: October 2021

Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) is a novel alternative antimicrobial therapy that elicits a broad mechanism of action and therefore has a low probability of generating resistance. Such properties make PACT ideally suited for utilization in localized applications such as burn wounds. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of MB and temoporfin against both a

S. aureus

isolate and a

P. aeruginosa

isolate in light (640 nm) and dark conditions at a range of time points (0–20 min). A

Staphylococcus aureus

isolate and a

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

isolate were treated in vitro with methylene blue (MB) and temoporfin under different conditions following exposure to light at 640 nm and in no-light (dark) conditions. Bacterial cell viability [colony-forming units (c.f.u.) ml−1] was then calculated. Against

P. aeruginosa

, when MB was used as the photosensitizer, no phototoxic effect was observed in either light or dark conditions. After treatment with temoporfin, a reduction of less than one log (7.00×107 c.f.u. ml−1) was observed in the light after 20 min of exposure. However, temoporfin completely eradicated

S. aureus

in both light and dark conditions after 1 min (where a seven log reduction in c.f.u. ml−1 was observed). Methylene blue resulted in a loss of

S. aureus

viability, with a two log reduction in bacterial viability (c.f.u. ml−1) reported in both light and dark conditions after 20 min exposure time. Temoporfin demonstrated greater antimicrobial efficacy than MB against both the

S. aureus

and

P. aeruginosa

isolates tested. At 12.5 µM temoporfin resulted in complete eradication of

S. aureus

. In light of this study, further research into the validity of PACT, coupled with the photosensitizers (such as temoporfin), should be conducted in order to potentially develop alternative antimicrobial treatment regimes for burn wounds.
Blautia liquoris sp. nov., isolated from the mud in a fermentation cellar used for the production of Chinese strong-flavour liquor
Authors: Lu Ling-Fei , Yang Yang , Chai Li-Juan , Lu Zhen-Ming , Zhang Li-Qiang , Qin Hui , Yang Ping , Xu Zheng-Hong , Shen Cai-Hong
Published: October 2021

A novel Gram-positive, non-motile, non-flagellated, strictly anaerobic, non-spore-forming and dumbbell-shaped, coccoid- or chain-shaped bacterium, designated strain LZLJ-3T, was isolated from a mud fermentation cellar which has been used for the production of Chinese strong-flavour liquor for over 100 years. Strain LZLJ-3T grew at 20–40 °C (optimum, 37 °C), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 8.0) and with NaCl concentrations up to 1 % (w/v; optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic trees established based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain LZLJ-3T belonged to the genus

Blautia

of the family Lachnospiraceae, with the highest sequence similarity to

Blautia stercoris

GAM6-1T (91.7 %) and

Blautia faecicola

KGMB01111T (91.7 %). Comparative genome analysis showed that the orthologous average nucleotide identity (OrthoANI) and genome-to-genome distance (GGD) values between strain LZLJ-3T and

B. stercoris

GAM6-1T were respectively 69.1 and 22.9 %; the OrthoANI and GGD values between strain LZLJ-3T and

B. faecicola

KGMB01111T were respectively 70.86 and 36 % . The DNA G+C content of strain LZLJ-3T genome was 42.1 mol%. The predominant celluar fatty acids (>10 %) of strain LZLJ-3T were C16 : 0 FAME (27.9 %), C14 : 0 FAME (17.6 %) and C16 : 0 DMA (13.0 %). Arabinose, glucose and maltose could be utilized by strain LZLJ-3T as sole carbon sources for growth, with weak utilization of raffinose and l-fucose. API ZYM analysis gave positive reactions with α-galactosidase, β-galactosidase, α-glucosidase and β-glucosidase. The major end product of glucose fermentation was acetic acid. Based on the results of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain LZLJ-3T is considered to represent a novel species of

Blautia

, for which the name Blautia liquoris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LZLJ-3T (=KCTC 25163T=CGMCC 1.5299T=JCM 34225T).
Actinomadura soli sp. nov., isolated from the top soil layer on basaltic material in Turkey
Authors: Saricaoglu Salih , Saygin Hayrettin , Topkara Ahmet Ridvan , Gencbay Talha , Guven Kiymet , Cetin Demet , Sahin Nevzat , Isik Kamil
Published: October 2021

An actinobacterium, designated 14C53T, was isolated from a soil sample on basaltic material from Samsun, Turkey. The growth ranges for NaCl concentration and pH of strain 14C53T were quite limited and the growth temperature range of the strain was 20–37 °C, with an optimum at 28 °C. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14C53T was most closely related to

Actinomadura geliboluensis

A8036T (98.5 % similarity value), but in the phylogenetic tree, it formed a clade with

Actinomadura alkaliterrae

D310AT. The genome tree revealed a close relationship between the strain and

Actinomadura pelletieri

DSM 43383T. However, the digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values between strain 14C53T with

Actinomadura geliboluensis

A8036T and

Actinomadura pelletieri

DSM 43383T were 28.6–30.2 % and 84.3–85.5 %, respectively, and comparative analyses based on the genome sequences demonstrated that it represents a novel species of the genus

Actinomadura

. The genome size of strain 14C53T was approximately 9.0 Mb and the genomic DNA G+C content of the strain was 71.3 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain 14C53T were C16 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. Strain 14C53T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H6). Based on evidence collected from the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, a novel species Actinomadura soli sp. nov. is proposed, with 14C53T (=DSM 104447T=KCTC 39878T) as the type strain.
SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1-specific IgG kinetic profiles following mRNA- versus vector-based vaccination in the general Dutch population
Authors: van den Hoogen Lotus L. , Verheul Marije K. , Vos Eric R.A. , van Hagen Cheyenne C.E. , van Boven Michiel , Wong Denise , Wijmenga-Monsuur Alienke J. , Smit Gaby , Kuijer Marjan , van Rooijen Debbie , Bogaard-van Maurik Marjan , Zutt Ilse , van Vliet Jeffrey , van der Klis Fiona R.M. , de Melker Hester E. , van Binnendijk Robert S. , den Hartog Gerco
Published: October 2021

mRNA- and vector-based vaccines are used at a large scale to prevent COVID-19. We compared Spike S1-specific (S1) IgG antibodies after vaccination with mRNA-based (Comirnaty, Spikevax) or vector-based (Janssen, Vaxzevria) vaccines, using samples from a Dutch nationwide cohort. mRNA vaccines induced faster inclines and higher S1 antibodies compared to vector-based vaccines in adults 18-64 years old (n=2,412). For all vaccines, one dose resulted in boosting of S1 antibodies in adults with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. For Comirnaty, two to four months following the second dose (n=196), S1 antibodies in adults aged 18-64 years old (436 BAU/mL, interquartile range: 328-891) were less variable and median concentrations higher compared to those in persons ≥80 years old (366, 177-743), but differences were not statistically significant (p>0.100). Nearly all participants seroconverted following COVID-19 vaccination, including the aging population. These data confirm results from controlled vaccine trials in a general population, including vulnerable groups.
Longitudinal Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Metabolites as Biomarkers in Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Lowe Alexander J. , Rodrigues Filipe B. , Arridge Marzena , Johnson Eileanoir B. , Scahill Rachael I. , Byrne Lauren M. , Tortelli Rosanna , Heslegrave Amanda , Zetterberg Henrick , Wild Edward J.
Published: October 2021

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive method of exploring cerebral metabolism. In Huntington’s disease, altered MRS-determined concentrations of several metabolites have been described; however, findings are often discrepant and longitudinal studies of metabolite trajectory are lacking. MRS metabolites may represent a valuable source of biomarkers, thus their relationship with established biofluid and structural imaging markers of disease progression require further exploration to assess prognostic value and elucidate biochemical pathways associated with neurodegeneration. In a prospective single-site controlled cohort study with standardised collection of CSF, blood, phenotypic and imaging data, we used MRS to evaluate metabolic profiles in the putamen of 56 participants at baseline (15 healthy controls, 15 premanifest and 26 manifest gene expansion carriers) and at 2-year follow-up. Intergroup differences and associations with established measures were assessed cross-sectionally using generalized linear models and partial correlation, controlling for age and CAG repeat length. We report no significant groupwise differences in metabolite concentration but found several metabolites to be associated with measures of disease progression; however, only two relationships were replicated across both time points, with total Creatine (creatine + phosphocreatine) and myo-inositol displaying significant associations with reduced caudate volume. Although relationships were observed between MRS metabolites and biofluid measures, these were not consistent across time points. To further assess prognostic value of the metabolites, we examined whether baseline MRS values, or rate of change, predicted subsequent change in established measures of disease progression. Several associations were found but were inconsistent across known indicators of disease progression. Finally, longitudinal mixed effects models, controlling for age, revealed no significant change in metabolite concentration over time in gene expansion carriers. Altogether, our findings show some interesting cross-sectional associations between select metabolites, namely total creatine and myo-inositol, and markers of disease progression, potentially highlighting the proposed roles of neuroinflammation and metabolic dysfunction in disease pathogenesis. However, the absence of group differences, inconsistency between baseline and follow-up, and lack of clear longitudinal change over two years suggests that MRS metabolites have limited potential as biomarkers in Huntington’s disease.
Association between social media use and self-reported symptoms of depression in US adults
Authors: Perlis Roy H. , Green Jon , Simonson Matthew , Ognyanova Katherine , Santillana Mauricio , Lin Jennifer , Quintana Alexi , Chwe Hanyu , Druckman James , Lazer David , Baum Matthew A. , Volpe John Della
Published: October 2021

Importance

Some studies suggest that social media use is associated with risk for depression, particularly among children and young adults.

Objective

To characterize the association between self-reported use of individual social media platforms, and worsening of depressive symptoms, among adults.

Design

We included data from 13 waves of a non-probability internet survey conducted between May 2020 and May 2021 among individuals age 18 and older in the United States. We applied logistic regression with 5 or more point increase in PHQ-9 as outcome, and sociodemographic features, baseline PHQ-9, and use of each social media platform as independent variables, without reweighting.

Participants

Survey respondents 18 and older.

Main Outcome and Measure

PHQ-9 worsening by 5 points or more.

Results

A total of 5395/8045 (67.1%) individuals with a PHQ-9<5 on initial survey completed a second PHQ-9. These respondents had mean age 55.82 years (SD 15.17); 3546 (65.7%) reported female gender, the remainder male; 329 (6.1%) were Asian, 570 (10.6%) Black, 256 (4.7%) Hispanic, 4118 (76.3%) White, and 122 (2.3%) Native American or Alaska Native, Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, or Other. Among them, 482 (8.9%) reported 5 point or greater worsening at second survey. In fully-adjusted models for increase in symptoms, largest odds ratio associated with social media use was observed for Snapchat (aOR 1.53, 95% CI 1.19-1.96), Facebook (aOR 1.42, 1.10-1.81), and TikTok (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.87).

Conclusions and Relevance

Among survey respondents who did not report depressive symptoms initially, social media use was associated with greater likelihood of subsequent increase in depressive symptoms after adjustment for sociodemographic features and news sources. These data cannot elucidate the nature of this relationship, but suggest the need for further study to understand the impact of social media use.

Trial Registration

NA
Adaptation of the gut holobiont to malnutrition during mouse pregnancy depends on the type of nutritional adversity
Authors: Connor Kristin L , Bloise Enrrico , DeSantis Todd Z , Lye Stephen J
Published: October 2021

Malnutrition can influence maternal physiology and programme offspring development. Yet, in pregnancy, little is known about how dietary challenges that influence maternal phenotype affect gut structure and function. Emerging evidence suggests that interactions between the environment, multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters and microbes may influence maternal adaptation to pregnancy and regulate fetoplacental development. We hypothesised that the gut holobiont (host and microbes) during pregnancy adapts differently to suboptimal maternal diets, evidenced by changes in the gut microenvironment, morphology, and expression of key protective MDR transporters during pregnancy. Mice were fed a control diet (CON) during pregnancy, or undernourished (UN) by 30% of control intake from gestational day (GD)5.5-18.5, or fed 60% high fat diet (HF) for eight weeks before and during pregnancy. At GD18.5, maternal small intestinal (SI) architecture (H&E), proliferation (Ki67), P-glycoprotein (P-gp - encoded by Abcb1a/b) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/Abcg2) MDR transporter expression and levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers were assessed. Circulating inflammatory biomarkers and maternal caecal microbiome composition (G3 PhyloChipTM) were measured. MDR transporter expression was also assessed in fetal gut. HF diet increased maternal SI crypt depth and proinflammatory load, and decreased SI expression of Abcb1a mRNA, whilst UN increased SI villi proliferation and Abcb1a, but decreased Abcg2, mRNA expression. There were significant associations between Abcb1a and Abcg2 mRNA levels with relative abundance of specific microbial taxa. Using a systems physiology approach we report that common nutritional adversities provoke adaptations in the pregnancy holobiont in mice, and reveal new mechanisms that could influence reproductive outcomes and fetal development.
Report of unexpected findings after cardiac stem cell injections in a preclinical model
Authors: van der Naald Mira , van den Broek Hans T , Bemelmans John LM , Neef Klaus , Bakker Maarten H , Dankers Patricia YW , Kraaijeveld Adriaan O , Chamuleau Steven AJ
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Cardiac regenerative therapy is a proposed therapy for ischemic heart disease. So far efficacy has been low and this might partly be explained by low cardiac cell retention. In this study we aimed to investigate if cardiac cell retention improves using ureido-pyrimidinone units (UPy-gel) as a cell carrier.

Methods

We used an ischemia-reperfusion model. Pigs were randomized to intramyocardial injections with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) labelled with both Indium-111 and a fluorescent tracer in either PBS or in the UPy-gel. After 4 hours, a total body scintigraphy was performed to determine the cardiac cell retention and histology was obtained.

Results

In the first 4 pigs, we noticed focused areas of radio activity (hotspots) outside the heart in both the control and UPy-gel arm, and decided to interrupt the study. At histology we confirmed one hotspots to be located in a lymph node. No satisfactory explanation for these, potentially harmful, hotspots was found.

Conclusion

This study was interrupted due to unexpected extra-cardiac hotspots. Although we do not have a conclusive explanation for these findings, we find that sharing these results is important for future research. We recommend to use total body imaging in future retention studies to confirm of reject the occurrence of extra-cardiac cell accumulation after intramyocardial cell injection and discover the pathophysiology and its clinical implications.
Ligand-induced unfolding mechanism of an RNA G-quadruplex
Authors: Haldar Susanta , Zhang Yashu , Xia Ying , Islam Barira , Liu Sisi , Gervasio Francesco L , Mulholland Adrian J. , Waller Zoë A. E. , Wei Dengguo , Haider Shozeb
Published: October 2021

The cationic porphyrin, TMPyP4, is a well-established DNA G-quadruplex (G4) binding ligand that can stabilize different topologies via multiple binding modes. However, TMPyP4 has completely opposite destabilizing and unwinding effect on RNA G4 structures. The structural mechanisms that mediate RNA G4 unfolding remains unknown. Here, we report on the TMPyP4-induced RNA G4 unfolding mechanism studied by well-tempered metadynamics (WT-MetaD) with supporting biophysical experiments. The simulations predict a two-state mechanism of TMPyP4 interaction via a groove-bound and a top-face bound conformation. The dynamics of TMPyP4 stacking on the top tetrad disrupts Hoogsteen H-bonds between guanine bases resulting in the consecutive TMPyP4 intercalation from top-to-bottom G-tetrads. The results reveal a striking correlation between computational and experimental approaches and validate WT-MetaD simulations as a powerful tool for studying RNA G4-ligand interactions.
Evolutionary instability of collateral susceptibility networks in ciprofloxacin resistant clinical Escherichia coli strains
Authors: Sørum Vidar , Øynes Emma L. , Møller Anna S. , Harms Klaus , Samuelsen Ørjan , Podnecky Nicole L. , Johnsen Pål J.
Published: October 2021

Collateral sensitivity and resistance occur when resistance development towards one antimicrobial either potentiates or deteriorates the effect of others, respectively. Previous reports on collateral effects on susceptibility focus on newly acquired resistance determinants and propose that novel treatment guidelines informed by collateral networks may reduce the evolution, selection and spread of antimicrobial resistance. In this study, we investigate the evolutionary stability of collateral networks in five ciprofloxacin resistant, clinical Escherichia coli strains. After 300 generations of experimental evolution without antimicrobials, we show complete fitness restoration in four of five genetic backgrounds and demonstrate evolutionary instability in collateral networks of newly acquired resistance determinants. We show that compensatory mutations reducing efflux expression is the main driver destabilizing initial collateral networks and identify rpoS as a putative target for compensatory evolution. Our results add another layer of complexity to future predictions and clinical application of collateral networks.
A novel extended design thinking approach and predicting antecedents of food friend application acceptance during the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Thongsri Nattaporn , Warintarawej Pattaraporn , Chotkaew Santi , Seksan Jariya
Published: October 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a prototype of Online Food Delivery Application that addresses the actual needs of the user and to study the factors affecting the acceptance of Food Friend Application (FFA).

Design/methodology/approach

This is an applied research study using design thinking to study the real needs of consumers when ordering food online during the COVID-19 outbreak. The real needs of customers were used to create FFA. Then, the key predictors of FFA adoption were studied by integrating psychological variables, including Alertness to distinction, Openness to novelty, Orientation in the present; and Technological variables Design, Information Quality and Mobility, with comprehensive data analysis. Initially, Structural Equation Modeling was used to study the statistical relationships toward FFA acceptance, while a neural network model was used to validate the first step analysis.

Findings

Analysis results from both methods confirmed that Alertness to distinction, Orientation in the present, Mobility and Openness to novelty affected FFA at statistically significant levels. Surprisingly, technological variables in terms of Design and Information Quality had no statistical relationship toward FFA.

Originality/value

In addition to dealing with digital disrupts, the current business world also needs to deal with the pandemic and the rapidly changing consumer behavior. COVID-19 is a clear catalyst for digital business trends, for example, food delivery that has to deal with dramatic changes in consumer behavior. The strong methodological results of this research are greatly beneficial to academics, food online delivery service providers, application developers and government agencies.
Challenges in the adoption of mobile information communication technology (M-ICT) in the construction phase of infrastructure projects in the UK
Authors: Atkinson Eloise , Spillane John , Bradley Jim , Brooks Tara
Published: October 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the challenges faced with mobile information communication technology (M-ICT), more specifically tablet software, in the construction phase of UK infrastructure projects. Quality assurance in the context of passive fire protection is scrutinised, where M-ICT use is prevalent, to provide an industry perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

The research design is founded on exploratory multiple case study approach. Specific themes are developed, based on a critical review of previous ICT studies. The themes identified are used to inform a qualitative interview protocol for investigating three large UK infrastructure projects. Each project is at different stages in the construction phase, with varying examples of M-ICT implementation in use. Participants are interviewed regarding their experiences of the implementation of M-ICT on each project.

Findings

Findings identify diverse experiences across each project. Single and multiple M-ICT platforms are currently being used, with individual stakeholders using ICT in isolation, and in some instances, multiple project stakeholders are using it together. Complete replacement of paper-based processes is evident in one case study, but more commonly, digital technology is being used in parallel to traditional paper-based processes. The challenges, although varied across each case study, can be categorised under the themes of Technology (IT support, ICT infrastructure, IT security, contractual, software), People (social aspects, user competency, safety), Technical Compliance (technical compliance evidence) and Process (conventional processes).

Originality/value

It is recommended that each theme be reviewed at project commencement, with all key stakeholders, to ensure key aspects are considered prior to M-ICT deployment. This will ensure avoidance of challenges reported and maximise the opportunities that are available through M-ICT in a multi-stakeholder infrastructure project.
Development of design system for product pattern design based on Kansei engineering and BP neural network
Authors: Chen Daoling , Cheng Pengpeng
Published: October 2021

Purpose

In order to help companies better grasp the perceptual needs of consumers for patterns, so as to carry out more accurate product pattern development and recommendation, this research develops a product pattern design system based on computer-aided design.

Design/methodology/approach

First, use the Kansei engineering theory and method to obtain the user's perceptual image, and deconstruct and encode the pattern based on the morphological analysis method, then through the BP neural network to construct the mapping relationship between the user's perceptual image and the pattern design elements, and finally calculate and find the corresponding design code combination according to the design goal to guide the pattern design.

Findings

Taking costume paper-cut patterns as an example, the feasibility of this system is verified, the design system can well reflect the user's perceptual image in the pattern design and improve the efficiency of pattern customization service.

Originality/value

Compared with the traditional method that relies on the designer's personal experience to propose a design plan, this research provides scientific and intelligent design methods for product pattern design.
What is in it for me? Perceived benefits and costs on the support of a sporting event
Authors: Lee Cindy , Bang Hyejin , Won Doyeon , Chen Lei
Published: October 2021

Purpose

This study investigated the influence of residents' perceived benefits and costs of hosting an international sporting event (i.e. 2019 Military World Games) on their attitudes and support toward the event.

Design/methodology/approach

Using social exchange theory, this study developed a model taking into consideration both benefits and costs in respondents' evaluations of hosting an event, which further influenced their attitude and support. A structural equation model was used to test the developed model with 461 responses from the 2019 Military World Games.

Findings

The results showed that the model has an acceptable fit to the data and supported all three hypotheses: Hypothesis 1 (Individuals' perceived benefits of hosting an event will positively influence their attitude toward the event), Hypothesis 2 (Individuals' perceived costs of hosting an event will negatively influence their attitude toward the event) and Hypothesis 3 (Individuals' attitude toward an event will influence their support for the event).

Originality/value

The developed model intended to provide a more comprehensive picture of individuals' evaluation of hosting an international sporting event by including both benefits and costs of hosting the event. As the support of residents becomes more important in successfully hosting an event, this model helps to understand what factors influence residents' support.
Context-based intelligent recommendation by code reuse for smart decision support and cognitive adaptive systems
Authors: Khapre Shailesh , Singh Prabhishek , Shankar Achyut , Nayak Soumya Ranjan , Diwakar Manoj
Published: October 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to use the concept of machine learning to enable people and machines to interact more certainly to extend and expand human expertise and cognition.

Design/methodology/approach

Intelligent code reuse recommendations based on code big data analysis, mining and learning can effectively improve the efficiency and quality of software reuse, including common code units in a specific field and common code units that are not related to the field.

Findings

Focusing on the topic of context-based intelligent code reuse recommendation, this paper expounds the research work in two aspects mainly in practical applications of smart decision support and cognitive adaptive systems: code reuse recommendation based on template mining and code reuse recommendation based on deep learning.

Originality/value

On this basis, the future development direction of intelligent code reuse recommendation based on context has prospected.
Reflections and reflective practice to advance responsible management education for sustainability: the case of an Australian MBA programme
Authors: Lee Ki-Hoon , Hales Rob
Published: October 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to explore Master of Business Administration (MBA) students’ “reflections” and/or “reflection on practice” of sustainability into responsible management education using Bainet al.’s (2002) 5Rs (reporting, responding, relating, reasoning and reconstructing) reflective scale.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopted a case study approach using content analysis and written reflective journals analysis from MBA students’ assignments.

Findings

This study revealed that responding and relating (emotionally-based reflections) scales are dominant reflections while reasoning (cognitively-based reflections) is a slightly less dominant reflection. The findings confirm that effective management education for sustainability should encourage and motivate students to reflect on their emotional learning to improve leadership values, attitudes and activities. Such reflection can lead to transformative experiences.

Research limitations/implications

This study adopted a small-scale content analysis using an Australian university’s MBA case. To increase validity and generalisation, researchers will benefit from a wide range of quantitative analyses in different countries and cultural contexts.

Practical implications

Curriculum design using reflections and reflective journals should be enhanced in management education for the practice of sustainability and/or sustainable development.

Social implications

Higher education should encourage socially and environmentally responsible management in programme and curriculum design with a reflective approach.

Originality/value

This study presents a conceptual framework and analysis approaches that can serve as some bases for the development of a more robust analysis in responsible management education.
Greening higher education? From responsibilization to accountabilization in the incorporation of sustainability in higher education
Authors: Macheridis Nikos , Paulsson Alexander
Published: October 2021

Purpose

This study aims to investigate how sustainability has been incorporated – or mainstreamed - in a school at one university through techniques of responsibilization and accountabilization.

Design/methodology/approach

Inspired by the extended case study methodology, the authors participated, observed and analyzed two audit-inspired processes, whose aims included ensuring that sustainability was integrated into the educational process.

Findings

By following two audit-inspired processes, the authors show how teachers were asked to respond to open-ended survey questions and by doing so emerged as responsibilized subjects. Although the teachers were given lots of space to interpret the concept of sustainability and show how it was translated into the programs and courses offered, the teachers were made accountable as established organizational hierarchies were reproduced when responsibilization was formalized through techniques of accountabilization.

Research limitations/implications

The analysis moves beyond the instrumental epistemologies characterizing much of the positivist-oriented research in higher education. As with all studies, the authors study also has methodological limitations, such as involving a single higher education institution. There is a general need for more empirical research in this area in order to build theory and to understand whether the concepts of responsibilization and accountabilization can also be applied in other higher education contexts.

Practical implications

The study shows that higher education administrators engage in processes of responsibilization and accountabilization through formalized processes of interpellation, as documents and self-assessment exercises tie teachers to organizational contexts.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study that introduces the concepts of responsibilization and accountabilization as social relationships in higher education governance.
“Let’s Talk About: Sex”: development, pilot and evaluation of a positive sexual-health education group for individuals within secure ID settings
Authors: Ashworth Sarah , Carton Hannah
Published: October 2021

Purpose

There is a dearth of positive, proactive, sexual-health education programmes available for individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs). This paper aims to provide an overview of the development, pilot and evaluation of a programme aimed at increasing awareness of the intricacies and risks of sexual health, intercourse and relationships. This programme covers relevant topics in a non-judgemental, informative and supportive approach.

Design/methodology/approach

A pre-post comparison within-group design was used (N = 14). The programme was run separately across three in-patient ID secure services within the UK and lasted for 16 weeks. The measure used to explore change was the sexual attitudes and knowledge questionnaire (SAK; Heighway and Webster, 2007).

Findings

Scores indicated improvement across all sub-factors as measured by the SAK, although no results reached statistical significance using Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Qualitative feedback indicated the benefits of this programme in relation to participants’ increased knowledge and confidence. Results have been discussed in terms of both the statistical analysis and clinical implication.

Originality/value

Results have been discussed in terms of statistical analysis and clinical implications with the aim of clinicians considering the programme’s application and utility within various clinical contexts. Additionally, gaining insight into the process of programme development and refinement, including future directions.
March-ing to the beat of a Maverick Drummer: insights from John Boyd to inform behavioral perspectives
Authors: Augier Mie , Barrett Sean F.X.
Published: October 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discuss some of James G. March’s key ideas and extend and integrate them with the works and ideas of John Boyd, whose work is highly relevant to, yet neglected by, behavioral and evolutionary perspectives on decision-making, organizations and strategy.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper integrates and synthesizes ideas in behavioral organization studies with those of John Boyd.

Findings

The authors suggest that when integrated, Boydian and Marchian ideas can enrich the understanding of particular ideas and mechanisms identified in behavioral organization studies and help broaden the intellectual and interdisciplinary range of the field in consonance with March’s vision for it.

Originality/value

The authors combine and integrate ideas central to the field of organization studies with those of an “outsider.”
The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on small businesses in tourism and hospitality industry in Malaysia
Authors: Abhari Sara , Jalali Alireza , Jaafar Mastura , Tajaddini Reza
Published: October 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the economic impacts of the current coronavirus disease, which is globally known as (COVID-19) pandemic, on small businesses in the tourism and hospitality industry, including food and beverages (F&B) industries in Malaysia during and after the enforcement of the Movement Control Order (MCO) and conditional (CMCO) with the emergence of new business models.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the implemented methodology involved a secondary qualitative research design based mainly on the existing literature, the World Health Organisation (WHO) reports, the government’s documents, in addition to online sources and observations regarding local business experiences.

Findings

The findings revealed that implementing effective strategies of recovery, shaping resilience solutions and supporting policies such as the National Recovery Plan, which is backed by the government played a pivotal role in avoiding the turndown of small businesses.

Originality/value

This critical review is submitted as an original research paper, which aims to provide important perspectives regarding the COVID-19 pandemic impacts on the tourism and hospitality industry in Malaysia. This paper serves as a scholarly platform for further in-depth studies on various resilience solutions of small businesses.
The moderating effect of culture on the relationship between accountability and professional scepticism
Authors: Endrawes Medhat , Leong Shane , Matawie Kenan M.
Published: October 2021

Purpose

This study aims to examine whether accountability and culture have an impact on auditors’ professional scepticism. It also examines whether culture moderates the effect of accountability on auditors’ professional scepticism.

Design/methodology/approach

Three of the Big 4 firms in Australia and Egypt participated in an audit judgement experiment, which required them to indicate their beliefs about the risk of fraud and error at the planning stage of a hypothetical audit and evaluate the truthfulness of explanations provided by the client management. The authors examined whether their professional scepticism was influenced by accountability.

Findings

The results indicate professional scepticism differs significantly between cultures in some situations. The fact that culture influences scepticism suggests that even when auditors use the same standards (such as ISA 240 and ISA 600), they are likely to be applied inconsistently, even within the same firm. The authors, therefore, recommend that international bodies issue additional guidance on cultural values and consider these cultural differences when designing or adopting auditing standards.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that examines whether culture moderates the impact of accountability on auditors’ professional scepticism using Egyptian and Australian (Middle Eastern and Western) auditors. Prior literature suggests that individuals subject to accountability pressure increase their cognitive effort and vigilance to detect fraud and error. As the authors find evidence that culture moderates accountability pressure and as accountability affects scepticism, they add to the literature suggesting that culture can influence professional scepticism.
Sensitivity calibration of a three-axis accelerometer under different temperature conditions using the hybrid GA–PSO–BPNN algorithm
Authors: Du Cuicui , Kong Deren
Published: October 2021

Purpose

Three-axis accelerometers play a vital role in monitoring the vibrations in aircraft machinery, especially in variable flight temperature environments. The sensitivity of a three-axis accelerometer under different temperature conditions needs to be calibrated before the flight test. Hence, the authors investigated the efficiency and sensitivity calibration of three-axis accelerometers under different conditions. This paper aims to propose the novel calibration algorithm for the three-axis accelerometers or the similar accelerometers.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors propose a hybrid genetic algorithm–particle swarm optimisation–back-propagation neural network (GA–PSO–BPNN) algorithm. This method has high global search ability, fast convergence speed and strong non-linear fitting capability; it follows the rules of natural selection and survival of the fittest. The authors describe the experimental setup for the calibration of the three-axis accelerometer using a three-comprehensive electrodynamic vibration test box, which provides different temperatures. Furthermore, to evaluate the performance of the hybrid GA–PSO–BPNN algorithm for sensitivity calibration, the authors performed a detailed comparative experimental analysis of the BPNN, GA–BPNN, PSO–BPNN and GA–PSO–BPNN algorithms under different temperatures (−55, 0 , 25 and 70 °C).

Findings

It has been showed that the prediction error of three-axis accelerometer under the hybrid GA–PSO–BPNN algorithm is the least (approximately ±0.1), which proved that the proposed GA–PSO–BPNN algorithm performed well on the sensitivity calibration of the three-axis accelerometer under different temperatures conditions.

Originality/value

The designed GA–PSO–BPNN algorithm with high global search ability, fast convergence speed and strong non-linear fitting capability has been proposed to decrease the sensitivity calibration error of three-axis accelerometer, and the hybrid algorithm could reach the global optimal solution rapidly and accurately.
The importance of John Dewey's philosophy for global learning theory and practice
Authors: Landorf Hilary , Wadley Catherine
Published: October 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to uncover the importance and relevance of John Dewey's philosophy for the key processes, purpose and practices of global learning.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a qualitative historical methodology to analyze John Dewey's education philosophy and its relevance to the theory, practice and purpose of global learning. The study accomplished this analysis through an in-depth examination of the Deweyan concepts of a quality educative experience and reflective thinking, and their applications to global learning in K-16 education.

Findings

Through a careful analysis of Dewey's definition, explanation and examples of a quality educative experience and reflective thinking, the authors find that Deweyan education philosophy offers a comprehensive conceptual framework that ties together the concepts and definitions of global learning and provide a solid foundation for its essential processes, practices and purpose.

Practical implications

Implications of this research include the awareness of Dewey's influence in teaching and learning for an increasingly interconnected world and the use of Deweyan philosophy as a basis for global learning innovations throughout the K-16 curriculum and co-curriculum.

Originality/value

In this article, the authors uncover the work of John Dewey's education philosophy and vision of learning to highlight its relevance to global learning. Through a careful analysis of Dewey's definition, explanations and examples of a quality educative experience and reflective thinking, the authors find that Deweyan education philosophy offers a comprehensive conceptual framework that ties together the concepts and definitions of global learning and provides a solid foundation for its essential processes, practices and purpose.
Intensive care‐treated COVID‐19 patients’ perception of their illness and remaining symptoms
Authors: Wallin Ewa , Hultström Michael , Lipcsey Miklos , Frithiof Robert , Rubertsson Sten , Larsson Ing‐Marie
Published: October 2021

Background

The remaining symptoms in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) treated in intensive care unit are limited described. Therefore, we assessed patient's perception of their COVID‐19 disease, stay in intensive care, and remaining symptoms three to six months after intensive care.

Methods

Prospective cohort study was performed in one intensive care unit of a university hospital in Sweden during the first wave. A questionnaire with open‐ended questions and closed‐ended questions was used. Data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative content analysis and descriptive statistics.

Results

Out of 123 patients treated for COVID‐19, 64 answered the questionnaire 3–6 months after discharge from intensive care. Memories from illness and hospital stay revealed in three categories; awareness of the illness, losing anchor to reality and being cared for in a dynamic environment. Information was perceived as spare by 48% and they wanted the information to be more personal. The diary was perceived as personal and was received by 33% patients. The relationship with family was affected among 39% and 13% of the patients indicated that they had not resumed their daily life. A large amount, 84%, indicated that they had remaining symptoms from COVID‐19. The dominated symptoms were impaired strength and energy both physically and mentally.

Conclusion

Patients reported a variety of physical and mental symptoms, and revealed memories from the ICU, and specific awareness of other patients’ health. It illustrates the need for screening patients for remaining symptoms after COVID‐19 disease and ICU care and may affect resuming patients’ daily life.
Laparoscopic versus open surgery for left flexure colon cancer: A propensity score matched analysis from an international cohort
Authors: Pedrazzani Corrado , Turri Giulia , Park Soo Yeun , Hida Koya , Fukui Yudai , Crippa Jacopo , Ferrari Giovanni , Origi Matteo , Spolverato Gaya , Zuin Matteo , Bae Sung Uk , Baek Seong Kyu , Costanzi Andrea , Maggioni Dario , Son Gyung Mo , Scala Andrea , Rockall Timothy , Larson David W. , Guglielmi Alfredo , Choi Gyu Seog
Published: October 2021

Aim

Surgical treatment of splenic flexure cancer (SFC) still presents some debated issues, including the role of laparoscopic surgery. The literature is based on small single‐centre series, while randomized controlled studies comparing open and laparoscopic treatment for colon cancer exclude SFC. This study aimed to determine the role of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of SFC, comparing short‐ and long‐term outcomes with open surgery.

Method

This was an international multicentre retrospective cohort study that analysed patients from 10 tertiary referral centres. From a cohort of 641 cases, 484 patients with Stage I–III SFC submitted to elective surgery with curative intent were selected. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 130 patients in the laparoscopic group (LapGroup) were compared with 130 patients in the open surgery group (OpenGroup).

Results

After propensity score matching, the two groups were comparable for demographic and clinical parameters. OpenGroup presented a higher incidence of overall (P = 0.02) and surgery‐related complications (P = 0.05) but a similar rate of severe complications (P = 0.75). Length of stay was notably shorter in the LapGroup (P = 0.001). Overall (P = 0.793) as well as cancer‐specific survival (P = 0.63) did not differ between the two groups.

Conclusions

Elective laparoscopic surgery for Stage I–III SFC is feasible and associated with improved short‐term postoperative outcomes compared to open surgery. Moreover, laparoscopic surgery appears to provide excellent long‐term cancer outcomes.