bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRADHAN MANTRI MUDRA YOJANA: EVALUATING PERFORMANCE AND IMPACT THROUGH ANNUAL REPORT ANALYSIS
Authors:   Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, Vashishtha Shrikant , Sharma Sanjay ,   Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
Published: September 2024

The study analyzes the execution and effect of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) over diverse advance categories (Shishu, Kishore, and Tarun) from 2022 to 2023 and over the program's eight-year life expectancy. Information on the number of accounts, authorized sums, and dispensed reserves uncover the scheme's reach and viability in supporting miniaturized scale and little undertakings. The Shishu category, focusing on credits up to Rs. 50,000, comprises a noteworthy share of PMMY payment, demonstrating its center on micro-entrepreneurship and monetary consideration. The Kishore and Tarun categories, giving credits up to Rs. 10 lakh, moreover display considerable affect, supporting trade extension and development. Moreover, the information highlights the scheme's solid accentuation on engaging ladies business visionaries, bookkeeping for roughly 71% of add up to credits. By and large, PMMY illustrates victory in coming to a wide run of recipients, contributing to comprehensive financial advancement. In any case, the information recommends potential ranges for advance change, such as focused on outreach and bolster for particular bunches and advance categories. The discoveries emphasize the significance of PMMY in cultivating entrepreneurship, women job creation, and economic progress in India.
TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF INFLUENCER MARKETING ON CONSUMERS' CHOICES OF TRAVEL DESTINATIONS
Authors:   Faculty of Management, GLS University, Ahmedabad, Shah Dr. Maulik , Shah Ms. Ashvi ,   Faculty of Management, GLS University, Ahmedabad, Bhanusali Mr. Nishit ,   Faculty of Management, GLS University, Ahmedabad
Published: September 2024

Influencer marketing introduces unknown destinations to the general public. This is an unprecedented trend in travel history, allowing people all over the world to submit their travel preferences. The rise of social media platforms like Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook has had a profound impact on current trends, capturing the attention of influencers and business owners alike. This has led influencers to curate compelling travel content with the aim of inspiring social media users to explore the destinations they recommend. The study intends to investigate various theories and studies that aid in understanding what motivates people in Gujarat state to travel to various destinations. The researcher has applied various cross tabulation, binomial test, independent t- test, and chi square test to check the association between influencers marketing and the consumer’s choice towards travel destinations.
Parental Awareness of Thalassemia Transmission and the Impact of Consanguineous Marriages: A Cross- Sectional Survey
Authors: Ali Muhammad Memon  , Zulfiqar Ali Laghari  , Jamshed Warsi  , Ijaz Farhat , Noman Sadiq  , Rana Khurram Aftab
Published: September 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency and relationship between consanguineous marriages and the awareness of thalassemia transmission among parents of thalassemic children.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from Oct 2019 to Feb 2020 in Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Three hundredand eleven thalassemic children families were included in the study using a convenient purposive sampling technique. After informedconsent, the parents were interviewed and a proforma was filled out. Performa had questions about personal information, family information, and thalassemia awareness. Data was entered in SPSS version 21. Qualitative data was measured in frequencies.Results: Among Three hundred and eleven thalassemic families, 26.4% didn’t know consanguineous marriage causes thalassemia;72.3% of participants weren’t tested for thalassemia; 98.7% didn’t consult a doctor before marriage; only 1 % of participants didprenatal genetic testing after pregnancy; 86.8% of the parents’ marriages were consanguineous. In 31.5% of these 311 children, the mother was her husband’s first cousin (daughter of spouse’s father’s sister). 16.4% of mothers were daughters of their spouse’s father’s brother, 15.8% of the spouse’s mother’s brother, and 23.5% of the spouse’s mother’s sister. Most couple who had thalassemic children don’t consult with a doctor nor do they go for genetic testing before marriage.Conclusion: Consanguineous marriage is common among parents having a thalassemic child. Urgent policies should be advised andimplemented for the proper education of thalassemic families at the earliest.
Investigating the Challenges Teachers Face in Using an Eclectic Approach for Students’ English-Speaking Skills: A Case Study of Two Public Secondary Schools in Rwanda
Authors: Hakizimana Joseph , Mfurankunda Pravda , Tabaro Cyprien
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the challenges Teachers face in Implementing Eclectic Approach for students’ English-speaking skills. Case study of Two secondary schools in Rwanda. Two specific objectives guided this study: To identify the challenges and suggest sustainable solutions to the challenges. The study was guided by Learning by Doing Theory by Dewey to encourage people to learn any new concept through the practice and it matches with the solution to the challenges that they may face when exercising an Eclectic approach in teaching and learning process. Qualitative research design was used in this study. The data were collected using interviews for English teachers and directors of studies and classroom observation.  The total targeted population was14 of 12 English teachers and 2 directors of studies from the schools under the study. The sample size was 11 English teachers sampled through table of Risk-Based formula. The data was analysed through a thematic technique. The findings exposed that lack of knowledge about the approach, inability to integrate all four languages together. The respondents have proposed some sustainable solutions such as participation in-service trainings about the approach, provision of free time for teachers to plan their lessons together, love of work culture. The researchers drew some conclusions such as challenges still exist and teachers have to change their mindset to help students learn English by incorporating all the language skills and be supported regarding their individual differences. The researchers recommend English teachers to learn by doing and they will be able to apply the eclectic approach towards the students’ English language skills.
Analyse des Perceptions des Enseignants et Elèves Sur l’enseignement-Apprentissage du Français Langue Etrangère (FLE) dans Les Ecoles Secondaires du District de Rusizi-Rwanda
Authors: Uwimana Jean Luc , Kubwimana Joseph , Yanzigiye Beatrice
Published: September 2024

Cette étude vise à examiner les perceptions des élèves et des enseignants concernant l'enseignement-apprentissage du français langue étrangère (FLE) dans les écoles secondaires du district de Rusizi, au Rwanda. Elle s’articule autour de trois objectifs principaux: évaluer les perceptions des enseignants et des élèves sur l'importance du français dans un contexte éducatif multilingue, analyser l'impact de ces perceptions sur l'efficacité de l'enseignement du FLE, et proposer des stratégies didactiques optimales pour améliorer les compétences communicatives des élèves en français. L'étude a utilisé une approche méthodologique mixte avec une conception descriptive. Les données ont été collectées à l'aide de questionnaires, d'entretiens, d'analyses documentaires et d'observations en classe. L'échantillon comprenait 291 élèves sélectionnés aléatoirement parmi 1 114, et tous les 20 enseignants de français ont été inclus. Les résultats révèlent que les perceptions des élèves et des enseignants sur le FLE sont majoritairement négatives, impactant ainsi l’efficacité de l’enseignement et les résultats académiques. Les élèves, bien qu'en quatrième et sixième années, montrent des difficultés significatives dans l'utilisation des expressions de base en français, ce qui suggère un niveau de compétence bien inférieur aux attentes. Les enseignants expriment des préoccupations quant à l’insuffisance de prérequis chez les élèves et la démotivation générale. Les administrateurs scolaires signalent des lacunes dans la pratique du français et une inadéquation des matériels pédagogiques. Pour remédier à ces problèmes, l'étude propose plusieurs stratégies. Il est recommandé d'utiliser des matériaux authentiques tels que des chansons, des activités ludiques et des ressources vidéo pour renforcer la pratique du français. La création de clubs de français et l'organisation de concours peuvent également améliorer l'immersion linguistique et la motivation des élèves. Une approche favorable à l'erreur doit être adoptée pour soutenir les élèves et créer un environnement d'apprentissage positif. Les recommandations incluent une surveillance renforcée du Ministère de l'Éducation (MINEDUC) pour intégrer le français dès le cycle primaire, le financement des nouvelles méthodes d'enseignement par les ONG, et la formation continue des enseignants. Les écoles devraient également être équipées de laboratoires de langue pour soutenir l'apprentissage du FLE. La collaboration entre les parties prenantes et une amélioration des ressources pédagogiques sont essentielles pour développer les compétences linguistiques des élèves et améliorer les résultats aux examens.
O CONCEITO DO ILUMINISMO SEGUNDO KANT: UMA ANÁLISE DA HISTÓRIA DO BRASIL
Authors: Lima Beatriz Guimarães
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo analisa o conceito de Iluminismo segundo Immanuel Kant, em particular a ideia de emancipação intelectual e autonomia da razão, e sua aplicação ao contexto histórico do Brasil. Através de uma leitura crítica, o estudo investiga como as elites brasileiras dos séculos XVIII e XIX adaptaram os ideais iluministas para justificar tanto a independência política quanto a manutenção de estruturas sociais excludentes, como a escravidão. A análise é complementada pela crítica de Michel Foucault, que aponta para as ambiguidades e contradições do Iluminismo, especialmente quando transplantado para um contexto colonial. O artigo conclui que, embora os ideais de liberdade e igualdade tenham influenciado importantes movimentos de transformação, como a independência e a abolição, sua implementação foi limitada por um cenário de desigualdade social e dominação, refletindo as tensões entre o discurso iluminista e a realidade brasileira. Ao final, o estudo sugere que a compreensão dessas dinâmicas é essencial para avaliar o legado do Iluminismo na formação da identidade política e social do Brasil.
The Design and Implementation of Web Service for Laundry Service Payment at RAZ-Q Laundry Samarinda
Authors: Malalla Syamsuddin , Pukeng Ahmad Fahrijal , Nursobah Nursobah
Published: September 2024

The advancement of technology has facilitated access to information and various applications spanning desktop, web, and mobile platforms, becoming an integral part of everyday life. Among these platforms, websites are the most widely used. The web is widely used for business purposes. One of the common businesses is laundry services, which has become essential for individuals with busy schedules, such as workers and students. Busy daily activities make the need for clean clothes a top priority. However, the existence of many laundry service providers creates intense competition and difficulties for new consumers in finding the right service. This research examines a web services-based laundry service designed to help consumers find and book quality laundry services in their vicinity. It also provides process monitoring features and estimated time for clothes pickup. For laundry service owners, these web services offer opportunities to improve their business. This research uses the Waterfall method of software development, including the stages of analysis, design, coding, and testing. Use case diagrams were used to model the interaction between actors in the application, while class diagrams were used to describe the database structure. Activity and sequence diagrams were used to illustrate the flow of the application. The web interface is designed according to user needs. The result of this research is web services that can help consumers find and order laundry services easily and efficiently. Blackbox testing is conducted to ensure that all designed functions run properly. This application has the potential to help laundry service owners increase their income. Application development is done using Visual Studi Code with PHP Native programming language and MySQL as database management.
Culinary Learning Using Virtual Reality Based on Gamification Method
Authors: Winanti Winanti , Fernando Erick , Nurasiah  , Basuki Sucipto , Tiara Beby , Riyanto
Published: September 2024

Culinary is a promising business and food is a basic need for human life. Many people fall ill due to improper diet. Since the emergence of Covid-19 a few years ago, most people tend to be careful in maintaining their diet, and awareness of healthy food has increased. Significantly, learning with virtual reality-based gamification in post-pandemic conditions, many people prefer digital learning. To increase creativity, motivation, innovation, and student involvement and ultimately open many businesses in the food sector, fun learning is needed with interesting content with virtual reality-based gamification scenarios. Ease of learning will have an impact on improving culinary learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to learn using virtual reality-based gamification methods to increase student creativity in determining recipes, choosing the right ingredients, and using the right cooking utensils. Increase student learning motivation, and create innovation in the culinary field, from combining recipes to attractive presentations. Student involvement and its output is the creation of technopreneurs in the culinary field, considering that culinary is the backbone of a country's economy and is a promising business
The Bajau-Tainment: An AI-Powered Puzzle Game for Learning the Bajau Language Using Finite State Machine and Shuffle Techniques
Authors: Khoirunnita Aulia , Alex Rasni , Rosmasari Rosmasari
Published: September 2024

The research titled "Bajau-tainment" Educational Game (Edu-game) is a research project that focuses on the development of a Puzzle Game designed to improve memory, specifically in language learning. In this game, players must arrange randomized letters to form a word in the Bajau language. This research applies the shuffle random algorithm, which aims to ensure that the arrangement of letters is always shuffled, making the gameplay dynamic, non-monotonous, and engaging. AI Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology will also be applied in this research. Using the Finite State Machine (FSM) model method, the game will feature a game agent character that will accompany children during gameplay, like how a friend accompanies students in a classroom. This virtual friend can display emotions such as happiness or sadness based on the game environment. The research aims to make this edu-game more appealing and interactive for children. The AI game agent will act as a friend who accompanies the child throughout the game.
Using Non Parametric Approach to Explore Groundwater use Efficiency of Spring Maize in Bari Doab, Punjab Pakistan
Authors: Mehmood Tahir , Baig Irfan Ahmad , Saboor Abdul , Ahmad Mukhtar
Published: September 2024

In this contemporary world, researcher and policy makers are trying hard to nourish the expanding population in long term. One school of thought is trying to cope with the scenario of diversifying individual’s diet and other is emphasizing on increasing supply of food. With the passage of time extra food is the prime need keeping in view limited resources. In agriculture water is a significant player but alarming situation of water scarcity is adversely affecting the fate of Pakistan’s agriculture. Without improving production efficiencies, we could not meet the need of future generation. Present research is conducted with the intention to quantify the irrigation water used by spring maize and to investigate the various factors affecting the water use efficiency of spring maize in Bari doab. Primary data of 312 respondents from head middle and tail (104 from each location) of Depalpur distributary (District Okara) were surveyed by employing Multistage sampling technique. Results indicated that, on an average, 2915 m3 per acre of water was used to produce spring maize in the study area. Farmer residing in the middle location of the irrigation system achieved 83 percent of groundwater use efficiency. Farming experience, schooling years, tube well ownership, watercourse lining, and quality of subsoil water had a positive and statistical significant impact on groundwater use efficiency, while farm size had a negative influence on efficiency. Policy recommendation includes Government may invest in lining of watercourses to improve groundwater use efficiency of the farmers.
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF FOOD SERVED IN MAKESHIFT RESTAURANTS IN THE CENTRAL MARKET OF KISANGANI, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
Authors: Lwanga KAKULE LWANGA , Dieu-Merci KOMBOZI YAYA , Eugene BASANDJA LONGEMBE , TEPUNGIPAME Alliance TAGOTO , MALUMBA Zoe KAZADI , KITRONZA PANDA LUKONGO
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Foodborne illnesses pose a major global public health threat, with adverse consequences for both individuals and healthcare systems. The objective of this study was to assess the bacterial load and sanitary quality of food served in makeshift restaurants in Kisangani. Methods: Twenty food samples were collected from 63 makeshift restaurants in the central market of Kisangani. The samples were analyzed to assess their bacterial load by enumeration of coliforms, staphylococci, and salmonella, and to evaluate the sanitary quality of the food. Results: The results showed that 80% of the samples were contaminated with coliforms, 40% with staphylococci, and 65% with salmonella. None of the samples were of satisfactory quality for the three types of germs. Conclusion: The study revealed that the bacterial load of coliforms, staphylococci, and salmonella is significantly higher than the authorized standards, indicating a flagrant lack of hygiene in the preparation and handling of food. All the meals analyzed presented a potential risk of foodborne infections, threatening the health of consumers as none met the sanitary quality criteria for all the germs studied. Urgent and concerted multisectoral measures are needed to improve food hygiene practices in these establishments, ensure food safety and protect consumer health.
EFFECT OF HYBRID CURING ON CONCRETE PROPERTIES
Authors: H. Jaber Imtethal , A. Waryosh Waleed
Published: September 2024

Internal curing improved the strength and performance of concrete buildings; insufficient curing of concrete has resulted in a considerable loss of its strength, leading to the deterioration of the building's structural performance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hybrid curing on concrete properties. Therefore, in this research, two types of internal curing materials were employed: water-absorbent polymer balls with ratio of 5% from the weight of cement and crushed Thermostone aggregates with a replacement ratio of 50% and 100% from coarse aggregates. Under two types of curing conditions (water and air), was studies and compares the efficiency of the polymer balls and crushed Thermostone aggregates through several tests conducted on (cubes, cylinders, and prisms) from where compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity. The findings demonstrated the efficacy of using water-absorbent polymer balls as internal curing material compared to the same specimens curing in water. Also, the findings show that raising the dosages of internal curing materials can reduce the mechanical properties of concrete. Therefore, carefully choosing suitable materials and controlling their quantity may be guaranteed internal water curing
Correlation Between Hamstring Flexibility and Eyes Open Stork Balance Test in Dominant Leg Among Middle Aged Adults - A Pilot Study
Authors: S Krishna Harish , Shetty Shridhar , Krishna Nayak Kruti
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Balance is the ability to maintain the body’s position over its support area and is crucial for performance. It involves managing the alignment of the body against gravity and other forces. Musculoskeletal system with posture, the configuration of body joints, is essential for maintaining balance and body orientation in standing positions, which is vital for daily activities and sports. Hamstrings are particularly important in maintaining the alignment of the pelvis and lower limbs. Tightness in these muscles can reduce flexibility which affect the range of motion and alter lower body biomechanics. It is found that the prevalence of hamstring tightness is high and hamstring tightness increases from childhood to 40-49 years. This may lead to balance issue due to fatigue of intrinsic foot muscles.
OBJECTIVE: To find the relationship of Hamstring flexibility with Eyes Open Stork Balance Test among middle aged adults.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 15 older adults from tertiary hospital in Karnataka. Hamstring flexibility was assessed Active Knee Extension (AKE) test and balance was assessed by using Eyes Open Stork Balance Test (EOSBT).
RESULT: A strong positive correlation between hamstring flexibility and eyes open stork balance test (r=0.987; p<0.001) was observed and was statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: This study concluded that there is a positive correlation between Hamstring flexibility and eyes open stork balance test in dominant leg in middle aged adults.

Key words: Hamstring Flexibility, Eyes Open Stork Balance Test, Balance, Hamstring tightness, Intrinsic foot muscle
Correlation of Functional Capacity with Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Thakre Minakshi Sudhir , Diliprao Diwate Abhijit , Das Arijit Kumar
Published: September 2024

Background: Excessive Cardiac adiposity is responsible for coronary atherosclerosis by secreting many active cytokines and regulating insulin sensitivity. Patients experience a downward spiral due to coronary artery disease (CAD), which reduces physical activity and progressively worsens exercise tolerance. Additionally, people with CAD have diminished functional capacities, decreased capacity to carry out everyday activities, and lower quality of life (QOL).
Objective: This study aims to correlate functional capacity and epicardial adipose tissue thickness in CAD patients.
Material and Methods: This study included 22 CAD patients who met the study inclusion criteria using a cross-sectional research design. Data were collected after angiography confirmed the diagnosis of CAD. Demographic data and baseline measures were recorded before starting the examination. Treadmill stress testing and 2D echocardiography were performed.
Result: Mean age group was 54.13±6.76, height (160.5±9.84), weight (66.6±6.542), and Male/Female 13/09. The mean Vo2max was 20.97+6.4 mL/kg/min, and the mean Epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EAT) was 12.72+2.78 mm. Functional capacity and EAT showed a negative correlation (r = -0.05) and found a non-significant result.
Conclusion: The study concludes that CAD patients showed higher EAT than usual and low VO2 max but did not find significant EAT thickness changes in functional capacity.

Key words: Epicardial adipose tissue thickness, coronary artery disease, functional capacity, treadmill stress testing.
The Factors Influencing Organ Donation and the Transplantation of Organs: A Systematic Review of the Qualitative and Quantitative Literature
Authors: Krupić Ferid , Krupić Melissa , Dervišević Emina
Published: September 2024

Background - Organ donation and organ transplantation refer to a medical treatment approach that involves substituting a diseased or damaged organ or tissue in the human body with a healthy one. Progress in surgical techniques, immunology, and medical science has facilitated the advancement of transplant procedures. Nowadays, a wide range of organs, organ parts, and tissues can be successfully transplanted. Depending on the part of the body in question, the organs that are donated can come from a deceased donor or from a living person. Factors that influence the individual in a positive direction in terms of donating their organs have been presented in previous studies as the socio-economic status of informants, education level, being young, gender, donation to family members and social support.
Aim - of this study is to synthesize qualitative and quantitative research on individuals' attitudes and decisions regarding organ donation, as well as the factors influencing these matters.
Materials and Methods - A systematic search was conducted on the PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases for qualitative and quantitative literature regarding factors influencing an individual to donate their organs to other individuals. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted to generate themes and supporting subthemes. Fifteen studies were included.
Results - The three main themes were: socioeconomic and cultural factors, dissatisfaction with, and mistrust of the healthcare system. Unspecified donors demonstrated a deep sense of different factors that influenced the individual to donate their organs to other individuals. Religious factors, fear and prejudices, gender differences, the influence of family members and not being treated well by healthcare professionals were only a few of the factors that were stated in the present study.
Conclusion - The results of the present study show that there were many different factors that influenced an individual to decide whether to donate organs. Even though the individuals belong to different religions, come from different cultures, look at family relationships differently and have different degrees of knowledge, the opinions and factors that influence their decision regarding organ donation are the same. Healthcare should work more actively to inform and increase knowledge and consciousness about organ donation among people who are prospective donors. This can mean more information in several different languages, as well as where different religions stand on organ donation.

Key words: Organ donation, transplantation, influence, factors, decision, review.
The Role of Yoga and Naturopathy in Modulating Rheumatoid Factor in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Evidence from a Clinical Case
Authors: Kumar S Santhosh , Vinoth R , Kumar K Santhosh
Published: September 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-lasting autoimmune condition that greatly impacts quality of life, often resulting in joint damage and increased disability. This case study examines the effects of Yoga and Naturopathy on the serological rheumatoid factor in a 33-year-old male farmer who has been living with RA for six years. The patient participated in a 15-day intervention that included hydrotherapy, massage therapy, yoga therapy, acupuncture, and a raw diet, along with lifestyle changes. After the intervention, the rheumatoid factor dropped from 61.8 IU/mL to 50.5 IU/mL, indicating a positive effect of this integrated approach on inflammation related to RA. These results highlight the potential benefits of Yoga and Naturopathy in managing RA, though more extensive studies are necessary to validate these findings and assess the effectiveness of these complementary therapies in treating RA.

Key words: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Yoga, Naturopathy, Serological Rheumatoid Factor, Complementary Therapies
Millets of North East India - With Special Reference to Wine Making
Authors: Pohtam Ibameaimon
Published: September 2024

Millets belonging to poaceae family is often called as nutricereals due to their high nutritional value. Millet is believed to be a climate-resilient crop, which could help feed the world’s ever-growing population. Realizing the potential of millets in boosting sustainability, the UN General Assembly recently proclaimed 2023 as the International Year of Millets in March 2021, to promote cultivation as a solution to climate and global food security challenges. Prior to the Green Revolution, millet was a popular crop in different parts of Northeast India. Though it was neglected but it was a part of people’s food system. Among all the Northeastern states of India, Millet was used to make local wine. These drinks were used during ceremonies, occasions and celebrations. These drinks are considered as nutritious and of high caloric value. This paper highlights the traditional method in preparation of millet wine and its benefits.

Key words: Millets, Millet beverages, Millet Wine, Madua Apong, Kodo Ko Jaanr, Kiad Krai, Themsing, Rakshi, Tongba.
Electrospark Deposition of Hard, Wear-Resistant and Anti-Friction Tribological Coatings on γ-TiAl Substrates in a Controlled Gas Environment
Authors: Zamulaeva E. I. , Kuptsov K. A. , Petrzhik M. I. , Mukanov S. K. , Loginov P. A. , Levashov E. A.
Published: September 2024

The development of hard, wear-resistant and anti-friction Ti-Zr-Al-based coatings via electrospark for the protection of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy using a Zr electrode in controlled gaseous environments was carried out. In the Ar atmosphere, a 50 µm thick coating based on a β-Zr solid solution with a low Young's modulus (E = 83 GPa) and hardness (H = 6.2 GPa) values was formed. In C2H4, a coating with a β-Zrss matrix, in which (Zr, Ti)C grains (20–400 nm) of the carbide phase and the Laves phase h-Zr2Al are uniformly distributed, was formed, characterized by moderate hardness (H = 10.6 GPa) and Young's modulus (E = 144 GPa) values. In the N2 atmosphere, a bilayer coating based on (Ti, Zr)N grains with a TiAl matrix in the lower and TiAl3 in the upper layer of the coating was formed. The upper layer is characterized by a higher content of (Ti, Zr)N grains, with the grain size being smaller than in the bottom layer. The coating had high wear resistance, low friction coefficient (0.12), and high hardness (H = 14.6 GPa) and Young's modulus (E = 240 GPa). The thickness of the coatings deposited in C2H4 and N2 atmospheres was 25–35 μm.
Deformation by light Impacts to Create a Near-Surface Nano- and Microstructured Layer in AISI 316L Stainless Steel
Authors: Grabco Daria , Prisacaru Andrian , Topal Daria , Shikimaka Olga
Published: September 2024

A nano- and microstructured surface layer (NMSSL) was created on an AISI 316L stainless steel sample by impact loading. As a result of the impacts, a change in the microstructure of the test sample was observed: a decrease in the size of the grains, an increase in their misorientation, the appearance of slip bands inside the grains, the appearance of rounded shapes of different sizes (0,1–15 μm) and with different densities on the surface of the sample. Moreover, these nanomicrocrystalline grains had random crystallographic orientation. The microhardness of the deformed surface was assessed using the Vickers and Berkovich methods. The hardness imprints had an approximately equiaxial shape, but the sides of the imprints were often distorted. The microhardness on the impact-deformed surface ranged as Н = 2.7–4.2 GPa depending on the number of impacts, increasing with their growth and decreasing with the distance from the impact surface. The microhardness of the undeformed sample was 2.0 GPa. The main patterns of formation of the deformed layer depending on the number of impacts have been revealed.
On the Electrohydrodynamic Instability of the Charged Liquid Surface (Overview)
Authors: Grigor’eva A. I. , Shiryaev A. A.
Published: September 2024

The electrohydrodynamic instability of the charged liquid surface manifests itself in the instability of a highly charged drop, the instability of charged drop in superposition of external electrostatic field and gravitational field, as well as the instability of flat charged surface of electroconductive liquid. Attempts to experimentally verify the correctness of the criterion of electrohydrodynamic instability of a highly charged drop, derived by theoretical methods a hundred and a half years ago, by the Rayleigh criterion, which began in the middle of the last century and continues to the present, confirm it, but with some error that does not decrease over the years (with the improvement of the instrument base), which indicates the principle of such an error. In general, the need to position the droplet implies the influence of certain external fields that deform the droplet and, thereby, affect the accuracy of the determined Rayleigh criterion. An experimental and numerical study of the instability of an uncharged drop in an external electrostatic field – Taylor drop instability shows its qualitative similarity to the instability of a charged Rayleigh drop. Somewhat apart is the electrohydrodynamic instability of the flat surface of the liquid, well studied theoretically, but poorly – experimentally, due to the fact that high-speed movie cameras have relatively recently entered scientific use – Tonks-Frenkel instability
Pressure on the Surface of a Well Casing Created by an Electrical Discharge in Water
Authors: Kosenkov V. M.
Published: September 2024

Based on the combined use of the method of mathematical modeling of the process of electric discharge impact on the bottom-hole zone of a water intake well and a physical experiment, the pressure distribution on the surface of the casing pipe was determined. Based on physical experiment data, the mathematical model was verified and refined under conditions of low capacitance of the capacitor bank and low inductance of the discharge circuit. The readings of the pressure sensor on the surface of the casing pipe were coordinated with the results of mathematical modeling, taking into account the interrelated physical processes in the discharge circuit, the discharge channel and the liquid filling the casing pipe of the water well.
Radiation-Induced Processes in the Films of Negative Phenol-Formaldehyde Photoresist on Silicon Irradiated by Electrons
Authors: Brinkevich D. I. , Grinyuk E. V. , Brinkevich S. D. , Prosolovich V. S. , Yankovskii Yu. N. , Kolos V. V. , Zubova O. A. , Lastovskii S. B.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the work was to use the method of the attenuated total reflection (ATR) and the Fourier IR-spectroscopy for the study of the film of the negative phenol-formaldehyde photoresist NFR 016D4 deposited on the surface of silicon wafers by centrifugation and irradiated by electrons with energy of 5 MeV. It was established that the radiation-induced processes in the NFR 016D4 films at doses up to 2∙1015 cm-2 proceed mainly with the participation of the residual solvent molecules or on by-products of the synthesis of the photoresist film. As a result, after irradiation in the ATR spectra of the photoresist, the absorption bands with maxima at 1717 (valence vibrations C=O bonds), 1068 and 1009 cm-1 (C-O-C bonds in the solvent – methyl-3-methoxypropylate) disappeared. At doses of irradiation over 1∙1016 cm-2, significant changes were observed in the intensity of the bands associated with the main component of the photoresist (phenol-formaldehyde resin). So, a noticeable transformation of the spectrum occurred in the interspace of 1550–1700 cm-1, in which valence vibrations of C = O bonds were observed. At doses of irradiation over 2∙1016 cm-2, there was a decrease in the intensities of bands due to valence vibrations in CH2 and CH groups (bands with maxima at 2925 and 3012 cm-1, respectively). The obtained experimental results indicate a change in the composition of the deputies in a carbon ring and the formation of conjugated double C=O bonds when the photoresist film was irradiated with doses of electrons over 2∙1016 cm-2. Significant changes in the intensity of the bands of valence vibrations of the aromatic ring with a maximum of 1503 cm-1 were not noted. However, there was a bruise and displacement into the low-energy area of the band with a maximum at 1436 cm-1, responsible for the valence vibrations of the aromatic ring associated with the CH- bridge.
Powerful Electronic Systems for Conversion of Parameters of Electrical Energy with Nonlinear Pulse-Width Regulation of the Output Voltage
Authors: Oleschuk Valentin
Published: September 2024

The modified method of the synchronous pulse-width regulation of inverters of variable-voltage variable-frequency electric drives makes it possible to provide control modes with the required nonlinear relationships between the magnitude of the output voltage of the inverter unit and the operating frequency of an ac drive. Thus modernized techniques and algorithms for the synchronous pulse-width regulation of inverter units of three-phase and six-phase variable-frequency electric drives ensure continuous synchronization and symmetry of the phase and line voltages in systems over the entire control range. In the spectra of the base voltages of the systems, there were no even harmonics and subharmonics (of operating frequency of drives), thereby helping to reduce losses in those installations and increase the efficiency of their operation.
Beyond greenwashing: Green supply chain management, environmental performance, and economic success in Ethiopia's bottled water industr
Authors: Ababulgu Geda Jebel , Birbirsa Zerihun Ayenew , Wodajo Misganu Getahun
Published: September 2024

Ethiopia's bottled water industry faces mounting pressure to balance economic growth with environmental responsibility. This study investigates the effect of green supply chain management (GSCM) on Ethiopian bottled water companies' economic performance, with environmental performance as a potential mediator. We employ structural equation modelling (SEM) on survey data from managers of 99 bottled water firms in Ethiopia. The findings revealed that while some GSCM practices indirectly enhance the bottom line through improved environmental impacts, others, like investment recovery initiatives, directly enhance economic performance. Notably, the study demonstrates that GSCM fosters an environmentally sustainable future for Ethiopia's bottled water industry, where environmental responsibility ultimately leads to long-term economic performance. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to promote balanced environmental and economic growth within the Ethiopian bottled water industry, moving beyond mere “greenwashing” towards genuine sustainability.
Vận dụng quan điểm dạy học hợp tác trong thiết kế tình huống dạy học các trường hợp đồng dạng của hai tam giác
Authors: Võ Xuân Mai , Huỳnh Bá Hiếu
Published: September 2024

Trong giai đoạn giáo dục hiện nay, xu hướng đổi mới phương pháp dạy học theo phát triển năng lực nhằm hình thành ở học sinh những năng lực cần thiết trong thế kỷ XXI là nhiệm vụ quan trọng. Dạy học toán có nhiều cơ hội phát triển năng lực toán học và năng lực chung như năng lực giao tiếp và hợp tác đáp ứng được xu hướng đó. Vì vậy, vận dụng quan điểm dạy học hợp tác khuyến khích sự tham gia tích cực, tư duy phản biện của học sinh, mà còn phát triển kỹ năng làm việc nhóm, giao tiếp và giải quyết vấn đề toán học và thực tiễn. Bài viết nghiên cứu quan điểm dạy học hợp tác, đề xuất quy trình thiết kế tình huống dạy học theo quan điểm dạy học hợp tác, từ đó cụ thể hóa quy trình vào thiết kế các hoạt động dạy học định lý trong các trường hợp đồng dạng của hai tam giác toán lớp 8.
Quản lý hoạt động kiểm tra nội bộ ở các trường trung học sơ sở tại huyện Đức Trọng, tỉnh Lâm Đồng
Authors: Giang Công Biên
Published: September 2024

Kiểm tra nội bộ đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc giúp hiệu trưởng đánh giá tiến độ thực hiện kế hoạch và nhiệm vụ, từ đó tìm ra các biện pháp đôn đốc, hỗ trợ và điều chỉnh đối tượng kiểm tra. Điều này góp phần hoàn thiện, củng cố và phát triển nhà trường. Để nâng cao hiệu quả công tác kiểm tra nội bộ, hiệu trưởng các trường trung học cơ sở cần có tinh thần trách nhiệm cao, thái độ cương quyết, công bằng và khách quan. Điều này sẽ dần chuyển quá trình kiểm tra của hiệu trưởng thành công tác tự kiểm tra và tự điều chỉnh của các bộ phận, giáo viên và nhân viên trong nhà trường một cách thường xuyên và liên tục trong suốt năm học. Bài viết này sẽ tập trung đánh giá thực trạng và đề xuất các biện pháp quản lý hoạt động kiểm tra nội bộ tại các trường trung học cơ sở ở huyện Đức Trọng, tỉnh Lâm Đồng nhằm đáp ứng yêu cầu nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục trong bối cảnh mới.
Thực trạng quản lý hoạt động trải nghiệm cho học sinh các trường trung học cơ sở ở thành phố Đà Lạt, tỉnh Lâm Đồng
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Việt Hà
Published: September 2024

Hoạt động trải nghiệm là một khâu, một bộ phận của toàn bộ quá trình giáo dục, góp phần tạo ra sự thống nhất, khép kín của quá trình giáo dục. Ở nhà trường phổ thông nói chung và trường trung học cơ sở nói riêng, quá trình giáo dục và quá trình dạy học là hai quá trình bộ phận của quá trình giáo dục tổng thể. Trong quá trình dạy học, ngoài việc truyền thụ cho học sinh những tri thức khoa học một cách có hệ thống, cần phải hướng đến việc giáo dục nhân cách và hình thành các kỹ năng sống, phát huy vai trò chủ thể, tích cực trong hoạt động ở nhà trường và ngoài xã hội. Bài báo phân tích thực trạng quản lý hoạt động trải nghiệm cho học sinh các trường trung học cơ sở ở thành phố Đà Lạt, tỉnh Lâm Đồng, đây là cơ sở để các cán bộ quản lý, giáo viên đề ra những biện pháp nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả quản lý hoạt động trải nghiệm cho học sinh các trường trung học cơ sở phù hợp với tình hình thực tế của mỗi đơn vị, đáp ứng yêu cầu đổi mới Chương trình Giáo dục phổ thông 2018.
The Risk Of Birth Defects From Folic Acid Antagonists During Pregnant
Authors: Diaz Hernandez
Published: September 2024

Background Multivitamin supplementation in pttttttt women may reduce the risks of cardiovascular defects, oral clefts, and urinary tract defects in their infants. We evaluated whether the folic acid component of multivitamins is responsible for the reduction in risk by examining the associations between maternal use of folic acid antagonists and these congenital malformations.
Exploring the Psychological Side of Fentanyl: A Scoping Review to Disclose the Psychosocial Dimensions of Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl Users
Authors: Caponnetto Pasquale , Triscari Sergio , Prezzavento Graziella Chiara , Farrugio Giorgia , Farrauto Chiara , Lanzafame Simona , Schilirò Giulia , Uccelli Eleonora , Vitale Noemi Maria , Fakhrou Abdulnaser , Nagi Karim , Concerto Carmen
Published: September 2024

Background

Fentanyl is a powerful opioid. The abuse and overdoses related to Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl (IMF) have become more prevalent. The majority of clinical studies on fentanyl have focused on its medical and biological aspects, particularly its addictive properties. Few studies have delved into the psychological aspects of illicit fentanyl use, and there is currently no comprehensive review providing a structured psycho-social profile of the population groups most vulnerable to its effects. The goal of this Scoping Review was to construct a psychological and social profile of individuals at risk of using illicit fentanyl. This profile will serve as a guiding force for shaping behavioral policies and public health prevention efforts necessary to face the recent pandemic.

Methods

Following the PRISMA guidelines we conducted a Scoping Review focused on the following research question: What are the practical psycho-social implications of illicit fentanyl use in the global population?

Results

The bibliographic research was carried out in the databases of Medline, Scopus, and PsycNet. The articles resulting from the research phase in the databases listed above produced a total of 17737 reports. After the screening process, 10 studies were included in the scoping review.

Discussion and Conclusion

This scoping review was the first to consistently and systematically outline the psychosocial implications of fentanyl dependence. Users of IMF are consistently younger than other drug users. People using fentanyl have a relatively low perception of risk. On the psycho-social levels, there is a significant correlation between fentanyl use and mental disorders such as suicidal thoughts, anxiety disorders, and depression. The development of psychotherapy, along with digital tools such as apps and online platforms, can be an initial step in addressing this challenge.
Prevalence, clinical predictors, and mechanisms of resorption in lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review
Authors: Xie Lin , Dong Chenpeng , Fang Hanmo , Cui Min , Zhao Kangcheng , Yang Cao , Wu Xinghuo
Published: September 2024

Study design

Systematic review

Background

Conservative treatment is clinically preferred for lumbar disc herniation (LDH), and surgery is considered when patients’ life quality is still affected by LDH symptoms after three months’ conservative treatment. Spontaneous resorption of nucleus pulposus (NP) is common during conservative treatment. However, the current understanding for the mechanism of NP spontaneous resorption is lacking.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to elucidate the rate of NP spontaneous resorption, the evidence of predicting spontaneous resorption, and the pathophysiologic mechanisms of spontaneous resorption in the conservative management of LDH based on existing evidence from literature.

Methods

Studies related to NP spontaneous resorption of LDH were retried from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Based on the studies conforming to inclusion criteria, a systematic review was generated for describing the proportion of NP spontaneous resorption, evidence of predicted resorption, and pathophysiologic mechanisms of spontaneous resorption.

Results

We reviewed a total of 34 articles dealing with the percentage of LDH resorption. The percentage of NP spontaneous resorption after conservative treatment was 76.6% (1684/2199), ranging from 20% to 96.2%. A total of 25 papers were reviewed, involving evidence of predicting resorption using predictors including NP size, inflammatory response to NP herniation, NP prolapse, the percentages edge-enhancing area and posterior longitudinal ligament coverage of the herniation measured by enhanced MRI. Moreover, we analyzed a total of 22 papers describing the pathophysiologic mechanisms of NP spontaneous resorption, where main mechanisms include inflammatory response, neovascular growth, macrophage infiltration, immune intervention, and matrix degradation.

Conclusions

A percentage of 76.6% in LDH patients undergo NP resorption. Prolapsed NP has a greater contact surface with blood system, which is easily to trigger immune response and thus promote spontaneous resorption. The mechanism of NP spontaneous resorption is mainly due to macrophage infiltration leading to immune response.