bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
استعمال المؤشرات الطيفية في نمذجة التعرية الريحية لمنطقة العظيم غرب محافظة ديالى
Authors: أ.د رقية احمد محمد أمين  , الباحث: حسين علي عبدالله
Published: June 2024

تعد نمذجة التعرية الريحيه من الموضوعات الحديثة و لمهمة كونها تمس البيئة بشكل مباشر وفق ما يشهده العالم من ثورة معلوماتية وتقنيات رقمية تركت المجال في رؤية تحاكي الواقع، لكشف سلوكية اثر الرياح على رسم الأشكال الأرضية وهذا يتمثل بهيئة كارتوغرافية (خريطة فعالة) للكشف عن اثر الرياح على البيئة في منطقة تعد من اخصب مناطق العراق في الإنتاج الزراعي، لذا كان من المهم بناء نماذج لحركة الكثبان وتأثير الرياح فيها ليكون نظام انذار لمستخدمي الأرض في منطقة العظيم التابعة لمحافظة ديالى والتي يحدها في الغرب نهر العظيم ومحافظة صلاح الدين ومن الشمال والشرق تلال حمرين ومن الجنوب امتدادها نحو الخالص ، وفلكياً بين خطي طول ( 44°43'0"- 44°28'0") شرقاً و دائرتي عرض 34°33'0")-34°17'0") شمالاً.
       توصلت الدراسة الى تكامل معطيات الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية في نمذجة الأشكال الناتجة عن التعرية الريحية ومتابعة تغيراتها والتنبؤ بسلوكيات تغيراتها والسيطره عليها لاستثمارها.
تم قياس الفرق في نسبة تقدم الكثبان الرملية بين سنة (1990-2023) في المنطقة عن طريق بناء النماذج الرقمية واستخدام عدة مؤشرات (,BI ,FMR ,GSI, IOR ,MSAVI ) وتصنيف الغطاء الأرضي فضلا عن مؤشرات ( dem  ، التكوينات الصخرية ، اتجاه الانحدار، الانحدار، الارتفاعات ، الشبكة المائية ـ التربة ، الغطاء النباتي، المناخ ) واعتماد توليد الاوزان الترجيحية باعتماد عملية التحليل الهرمي (AHP) Analytic Hierarchy Process اذ اتضح ان مساحة الكثبان الرملية السميكة في سنة 1990 كان 37.26كم2 وفي سنة 2023 زادت المساحة وبلغت 64.79 كم2 ،اما الانسياقات الرملية فقد كانت في سنة 1990 167.30كم2 وقلت مساحتها في 2023 اذ بلغت 78.25كم2.
التغيرات الجيومورفية بدلالة مورفومترية لمنعطفات مجرى نهر الفرات بين سدة الفلوجة وجسر بزيبز
Authors: أ.م.د. عبد الباقي خميس حمادي  , الباحث.  رائد محمد عبد
Published: June 2024

أظهرت دراسة البحث من خلال مقارنة مجرى نهر الفرات بثلاث سنوات زمنية هي (1972 – 1997 – 2022) لإبراز التغيرات الجيومورفية وتحليلها حصول تغيرات في أبعاد المجرى الرئيسي (عرض المجرى وطوله) اذ بلغ طول المجرى لنهر الفرات من سدة الفلوجة الى جسر بزيبز (52.78 كم) عام 1972 بينما تناقص طوله عام 1997 فبلغ (51.92 كم) بتناقص قدرة (0.86 كم) بينما تزايد طول المجرى عام 2022 فبلغ (52.47 كم) بزيادة (0.55) عن عام 1997، ويرجع سبب هذه التغيرات الى عوامل طبيعية وبشرية.
       كما أظهرت الدراسة وجود تغير في اعداد وابعاد الالتواءات والمنعطفات النهرية اذ كشفت عن وجود (6) منعطفات و (4) التواءات سنة 1972 و (5) منعطفات و(5) التواءات للسنوات 1997 و2022 تباينت خصائصهما المورفولوجية والمورفومترية من حيث نسبة التعرج، طول المدى، طول موجة الانعطاف، عرض وطول المجرى في المنعطف والالتواء.
       واتضح من خلال الدراسة تغير في أبعاد واعداد وخصائص ومساحة الجزر خلال سنوات الدراسة فقد بلغ عدد الجزر النهرية (11) جزيرة نهرية سنة 1972 ثم ازداد عدد ها الى (22) جزيرة نهرية 1997 ثم تناقص عددها الى (14) جزيرة سنة 2022.
الاصالة والابداع في فكر الأستاذ الدكتور محمد أزهر السماك رائد الجغرافية الاقتصادية
Authors: م. غصون صبحي جاسم  , أ.د. وسـام عـبدالـله جـاسـم  , أ.د.حاتم حمودي حسن
Published: June 2024

تظهر بين الحين والاخر دراسات عن شخصيات وقامات جغرافية ذات بصمة مؤثرة في المدرسة الجغرافية العراقية، ان مثل هذه الدراسات ذات فائدة علمية كبرى لطلبة الدراسات العليا للتعرف على الاتجاهات العلمية أو النظريات التي تم اثباتها بالأدلة العلمية، ومن ابرز القامات العلمية في العراق في الجغرافية المعاصرة الاستاذ الدكتور محمد ازهر السماك رائد الجغرافية الاقتصادية بإمتياز.
من هنا جاء هدف الدراسة لتعريف الجغرافيين في الاوساط الاكاديمية من طلبة الدراسات العليا خصوصاً والباحثين الاكاديميين عموماً على شخصية علمية فذة، مثلت علامة مضيئة في تاريخ الجغرافيا على كل المستويات المحلية والاقليمية والعالمية، إذ يعد من أعيان العراق وعلمائه المعروفين من خلال مساهماته المتميزة في علم الجغرافيا، هو الاستاذ الدكتور محمد ازهر السماك أحد ابرز اساتذة العراق الرواد في الجغرافية السياسية، اسهم في تطوير الجغرافية المعاصرة، قامة جغرافية اتسمت بمنهجها العلمي المنفرد، له مدرسة متميزة في مجال تخصصه (مدرسة السماك) تمثلت في اعتماد اسلوب القياس الكمي التحليلي للعديد من العناصر الاقتصادية لقوة الدولة، وجسد ذلك في كتبه المنهجية وابحاثه التطبيقية المنشورة داخل العراق وخارجه، إذ اتسم عالمنا الجليل بقدرته على التفكير الاستراتيجي إذ كان ولا يزال يمتلك قدرة ثاقبة على استشراف المستقبل متسلحا في ذلك بفهم عميق لحقائق التاريخ ووعي متميز بوقائع الحاضر،
التحليل المكاني لظاهرة زواج القاصرات في قضاءي الصدر لعام 2023
Authors: ا.م.د. دانيال محسن بشار
Published: June 2024

يعد الزواج أهم مؤسسة في المجتمع ولها اسس قانونية ومجتمعية ودينية وثقافية، واساس   تكوينها الزوجين ،اما مفهوم زواج  القاصرات فهو الزواج الذي لم تكمل فيها الفتاة الثامنة عشر من العمر والذي یتم قبل النضوج الجسدي والنفسي والعقلي ،اذ أثبتت اغلب الدراسات انتشاره بين الفئات الأقل ثقافة وتعليما، واعتمدت الدراسة على بيانات دائرة محكمة الاحوال الشخصية في مدينة الصدر وتضم قضاءي الصدر الاولى والثانية وهي ذات رقعة جغرافية واحدة متماثلة بالخصائص الديموغرافية، فضلا عن استمارة الاستبيان للدراسة الميدانية لجمع المعلومات الخاصة بالقاصرات وبلغ عدد الفتيات المتزوجات القاصرات(5137) حالة زواج من مجموع عدد المتزوجات(8563) وبنسبة(60%) حالة وتم استخراج عينة البحث والبالغة(358) حالة زواج،وتم التعرف على الخصائص السكانية للفتيات ومنها التركيب العمري والمستوى التعليمي وطبيعة السكن والحالة العملية للقاصر وقرابة الزوج ودخل اسرة القاصر، الى جانب دراسة الاسباب الاجتماعية والاقتصادية التي تؤدي الى زواج القاصرات وكشف البحث ان نسبة العامل الاقتصادي بلغ (74%)اما العادات والتقاليد هي اكثر المتغيرات الاجتماعية تأثيرا على هذه الظاهرة اذ بلغت نسبة (50.9%)كذلك دراسة الاثار الناجمة من ظاهرة زواج القاصرات واظهرت الدراسة ان اثر التسرب المدرسي بلغ نسبة(43.2%) وهو الاعلى من بين الاثار الناجمة عن تلك الظاهرة .
موقف جريدة أخبار الساعة العراقية من التدريسين والطلبة عام 1953
Authors: م.د.حميد حسون نهاي
Published: June 2024

كانت الصحافة العراقية في العهد الملكي مرآة عاكسة لهمومِ الناس، ومنبراً ناقلاً لمعانتهم، ومطالباً بحقوقهم، وقد اعطت الجانب الاجتماعي أهمية خاصة، لاسيما مسألة التعليم، كونه أساس التقدم في جميعِ البلدان، لذلك اهتمت بالمعلمين والطلبة على حدٍ سواء اهتماماً كبيراً، فسلطت الضوء على حقوقهم المادية، وضرورة انصافهم، حتى يستطيعون تقديم رسالتهم العلمية المقدسة بأفضلِ صورة ممكنة. أما الطلبة فكان لهم النصيب الوافر في موضوعاتِ الجريدة، حيث تطرقت إلى مشاكلهم المتعددة، وضرورة الاهتمام بمناهجهم الدراسية وتوزيعها مجاناً، ومراعاة الفقراء منهم والمعوزين بتوزيعِ كسوة العيد عليهم، وفيما يخص التغذية المدرسية فقد اشارت الجريدة لأهميتها، وذكرتها في أكثرِ من مناسبةٍ، ولأن جريدة "أخبار الساعة" تحظى باهتمامِ الطلبة واولياء امورهم، فقد بادرت مراراً وتكراراً إلى نشرِ مواعيد الامتحانات، وما يطرأ عليها من تغير مفاجئ، فضلاً عن ذلك، فقد تفاعلت الجريدة مع الطلبةِ وما يمرون به من ظروفٍ صعبة، وطالبت بضرورةِ أن تكون الأسئلة الامتحانية متماشية مع مستوياتهم ومراحلهم الدراسية المختلفة.
تسليع التعليم الجامعي وانعكاساته على البحث العلمي دراسة تقييمية
Authors: د. م  أماني عبدالخالق عبدالحسين
Published: June 2024

تهدف الدراسة إلى: توضيح نفعية تسليع التعليم وبيان انعكاساتها على جودة البحث العلمي ، ومن المعلوم أن المنفعة هي غاية الخير والأخلاق، فالامانة العلمية او عدمها ليست هي الغاية؛ بل الغاية ما يترتب عليها من نتائج والتي هي في نهاية الأمر منفعة مادية محسوسة
وأن المنفعة  قد تكون مصلحة دنيوية او مادية، ، وقد تجمع بين الأمرين بمنهجية متوازنة تراعى فيها المصلحة العامة والمصلحة الخاصة، وأن من انعكاسات النفعية على البحث العلمي إضعاف الإبداع عند الباحث، وانعزاله عن سياقه الاجتماعي أثناء النظر للمشكلات التي يتناولها في البحث العلمي، ومن انعكاسات فكرة التسليع على البحث العلمي أن الإنسان يتحول إلى "شيء" فلا تتجاوز نظرته في العلوم السطح المادي وعالم الأشياء، وذلك لأنه يسير وفق نماذج محددة بسيطة، كما لو أنه يتعامل مع المادة ذاتها.
الاستثارة الفائقة وعلاقتها بالتفكير الشمولي لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة
Authors: المدرس الدكتور زينب شنان رهيف
Published: June 2024

أستهدف البحث التعرف على  مستوى :ـ
1- الاستثار ة الفائقة لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة .
2- التعرف على الفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في الاستثارة الفائقة وفقاً لمتغير الجنس (ذكور - أناث)  
3- التفكير الشمولي لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة .
4- التعرف على الفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في التفكير الشمولي وفقاً لمتغير الجنس (ذكور - أناث)   
5 - العلاقة بين الاستثارة الفائقة والتفكير الشمولي لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة.
  تحدد مجتمع البحث من طلبة المرحلة الثالثة من المدارس المتوسطة الدراسة الصباحية للعام الدراسي
2022-2023                
الإطار النظري: استعرض البحث الحالي النظريات المتبناة في بناء وتفسير لنتائج   .
إجراءات البحث:
  قامت الباحثة بتبني مقياس الاستثارة الفائقة للباحث( محمد 2015)  وبناء مقياس التفكير الشمولي و تم التأكد من صدقهما وثباتهما وأسلوب الإجابة على فقراتهما وطبق المقياسين على عينة من طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة  بلغت(200) طالب وطالبة واستخدمت الباحثة SPSS في تحليل النتائج .
توصلت نتائج البحث الى  :
 1- أن طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة يتمعون بالاستثارة الفائقة  قياسا بالمتوسط الفرضي للمقياس.
2- أن طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة يستخدمون التفكير الشمولي  في حياتهم الدراسية  .    
3 - وجود علاقة ارتباطية ايجابية دالة بين الاستثارة الفائقة والتفكير الشمولي لطلبة المرحلة المتوسطة.
قدمت الباحثة بعض التوصيات والمقترحات
Lexical Knowledge and Its Effects on Language Proficiency: A Synonymous Study
Authors: Asst. lect. Zaid Tareq Ahmed Al-Ta’ai
Published: June 2024

Previous studies have proved that there is a strong connection between a language learner's vocabulary knowledge and their linguistic ability. It is believed that knowing one sense of a word is not sufficient, especially for academic learners and it is considered to be some sort of lacking lexical knowledge since learners cannot express their ideas/ thoughts using different style. Thus, investigating the size and depth of known words that learners obtained during their study period in Iraqi universities is a significant issue to predict their abilities in using the target language. The aim is to investigate the “vocabulary knowledge” and its use of a group of EFL fourth-stage learners in the “Department of English language and Literature/ College of Arts/ Mustansiriyah University”. The used test that fulfills the study aims is based on Read’s (2000, p.2) Assessing Vocabulary. The type of the test that Read (ibid) stated is commonly used in the field of EFL teaching and learning, and learners have acquainted with it many times through their period of study. The main purpose of the test is to look into the recognition and production levels of learners' lexical knowledge (ibid). A total number of 30 learners went through the two-parted test since a higher number of participants makes findings more accurate. The results obtained were not as expected, in general. Participants suffer from deficiency in the knowledge of vocabularies in connection with its breadth and depth.
Listening Performance of Iraqi Intermediate EFL Learners in Collaborative Learning and their Attitudes Towards it
Authors: Ali Falah Hasan AL-Zurfi  , Prof. Dr. Hossein Barati (Corresponding Author)  , Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Afrouz (Corresponding Author)
Published: June 2024

This pre-experimental study was conducted among Iraqi intermediate EFL students at BA level. It was an attempt to consider Iraqi intermediate EFL learners ’listening performance in CL, focusing on their attitudes toward contribution to the classroom. To achieve the study's goals regarding views on collaborative learning, 60 Iraqi male and female students, aged between 20 -25, were invited to participate in the study. The study was conducted at University of Kufa, college of education, in Najaf, Iraq. The study's conclusions demonstrated that most participants thought collaborative learning was helpful for their learning. Furthermore, this study showed that collaborative learning strategies significantly impact the listening comprehension of Iraqi intermediate EFL learners.
Prototypical English every days’ Phrases Utilized via College
Authors: Assit. Lect. Omar Adeeb  Ghanim
Published: June 2024

The researcher , in the current study , studies one of the human categorization theories which is known as ‘ prototype theory’ . He sets a questionnaire to fourth class students  at Kirkuk university by using the prototype theory . A good number of every days’ expressions is used as data . The students are required to choose one of the tabulated expressions and give the reason of choosing that expression as well . The reasons ( factors) are the taxonomy of the used model . Two analysis methods namely qualitative and quantitative  are followed to arrive at the desired results  .  The aims of the study are ( 1) showing what can influence the typical member . (2) Showing how people are distinct in creating the prototype. Its hypotheses are (1) each individual has his / her own prototype . (2) The social factors like ( age , religion , one’s background knowledge , etc …) have roles in the formation of the prototype . The study is concluded with points like  the context has a well-built relation with the process of creating the prototypical category member .
Utilizing Landsat, Sentinel Image to Estimate Snow Cover Duration in Gara Mountain
Authors: Dr. Dilovan Ramadhan Ismail  , Karwan Ahmed Bakir
Published: June 2024

The study area is considered a mountainous environment with climatic characteristics that suit the nature of this study. It is located in the northern part of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and it is part of a complex mountainous region according to the physiographic division of the surface of Iraq. On the other hand, it’s one of the most significant in terms of snow cover region in winter and spring season. No study has been done on this subject in the study area. In this study, Landsat data and geographic information system (GIS) techniques were used to analyze the duration of snow cover. After apply these technologies, snow cover duration maps (SCDM) for the duration (1989 – 1990) and (2022 – 2023) were extracted and analyzed. The maps show how long snow remains in each cell during these periods. This study suggested that there is an effect of terrain on snow cover duration, and this is due to the increase in air temperature.
Factors Affecting the Female School Principals’ (in Pakistan) Leadership and Management Styles
Authors: Haroon Gill  , Khokhar Ashar Johnson
Published: June 2024

The number of female teachers and principals in Pakistan, in both public and private sectors, has significantly increased. However, there are very few studies that have focused on how female principals lead and manage their schools, as well as the factors influencing their leadership behaviors and practices. The study aims to investigate the barriers and factors that affect women's leadership and management styles in the context of Pakistan. The research collected data from school principals from three major cities of Pakistan: Rawalpindi-Islamabad, Lahore, and Karachi. The individual interviews were conducted online using Zoom and Google Meet. Research participants were selected through a convenience sampling strategy. The interview data was analyzed and categorized into themes such as family and peer support, social, cultural, and religious associations, and their influence on school principals' perspectives and leadership value systems. This study finds a connection between family and peer support and their influence on the transition of teachers into school principals. This study also found that the social, cultural, and religious belief systems also contributed to the growth of female principals' development and played a crucial role in nurturing their leadership skills.
Impact Of Inclusive Sports and Games on The Independent Life Skills of The Intellectually Challenged Individuals
Authors: Farheen Dossal  , Shagufta Shehzadi  , Sabeen Dossal
Published: June 2024

The major goal of the study is to determine how inclusive sports help people with intellectual disabilities develop their fine and gross motor skills, cognitive abilities, and independent living skills. The sample was collected from 100 special students from 5 special schools in Karachi. The students were engaged in inclusive sports and games for 24 weeks, with a 40-minute session taken 5 days a week. The distribution size of questionnaire was 120, divided into two parts first for 20 trainers and second half for 100 parents. Their learning, memory, and gross and fine motor skills were evaluated. There were pre- and post-evaluations done. The results demonstrated that, in comparison to children before they participated in the inclusive sports program, 88% showed improvement socially, emotionally and with improved cognitive and fine/gross motor skill development proving that inclusive sports therapy has a positive impact on the development of different aspects of disabilities.
Impact of Online Teaching and Learning on Perception, Satisfaction and Learning Outcome During COVID-19
Authors: Farooq Ahmed  , Shagufta Shahzadi
Published: June 2024

The study was conducted to find the Impact of Online Teaching and Learning (OTAL) during COVID-19. Moreover, the perception, satisfaction and outcome were the major factors of the study. Study consisted of four objectives and four hypotheses. The population of the study comprised of the undergraduate students of the University of the Karachi. The sample consisted of 100 respondents who were randomly selected from the different departments of the University of Karachi. A questionnaire, consisted of 30 items, was developed and used for collecting data with five points likert scale. The questionnaire was filled using interview method. Responses were recorded by the researcher and tabulated for interpretation. The collected data were tabulated, calculated, analyzed, and interpreted in the light of objectives of the study. The findings reveal that though online learning was introduced due to Covid, but it had a positive impact on teaching /learning approaches at universities academia as well as students’ academic growth and development. The study will benefit all concerned stakeholders to improve teaching and develop students’ motivation for online engagement at the higher education level. The implications, limitations, discussion, and recommendations for future research will be incorporated. New themes were discussed, such as the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and blended learning approaches to improve the OTAL. Moreover, recording and uploading the lectures would also be beneficial for further use.
Acute Confusional Syndrome, prevention activities in people over 65 years of age.
Authors: Esperanza Peón- Ceballos
Published: June 2024

Introducción: Se ha producido un aumento del envejecimiento de la población, elevándose el número de personas mayores atendidas en los hospitales con Síndrome Confusional Agudo. El SCA es una alteración del estado metal aguda y reversible, que se puede abordar con estrategias farmacológicas o con otras medidas.

Introduction: There has been an increase in the aging of the population, increasing the number of elderly people treated in hospitals with Acute Confusion Syndrome. ACS is an acute and reversible alteration of metal status, which can be addressed with pharmacological strategies or other measures.
Jordanian medical students’ perspective on the impact of a Pass/Fail USMLE Step 1: A Cross-Sectional Investigation
Authors: Ghazzal Hamza , Omar Yousef , Jaber Dunia , Melhem Rahaf , Alzoraiqi Ibrahim , Toubasi Ahmad , Kalbouneh Heba
Published: June 2024

Purpose of the study: to discuss Jordanian medical students’ perspective on USMLE step 1 pass/fail score and its impact on their clinical future.
Study Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students at all six schools of medicine in Jordan. An online self-administered questionnaire was used, consisting of 33 questions assessing the participants’ socio-demographics, socio-academics, intentions to apply for the USMLE step 1 examination and their attitudes toward the conversion of USMLE step 1 to pass/fail scoring system.
Results: A total number of 504 medical students completed the survey. Among participating students, 44.4% agreed that USMLE should be pass/fail, while only 26.8% were against it. Furthermore, 82.3% of the students agreed that by this change, Step 2 CK will carry more weight in selecting applicants for residency. Moreover, 86.7% of respondents believed that more students will participate in research activities which were ranked as the second most important item for residency matching.
Conclusion: Converting USMLE step 1 scoring system to a pass/fail score will likely increase the weight of Step 2 Clinical Knowledge (CK) score as well as on the research experience for selecting applicants for residency.
Famine and Risk of Mortality in Gaza
Authors: Alzghoul Bashar
Published: June 2024

The intent of this correspondence is to highlight the critical situation confronting the Palestinian population residing in Gaza, particularly in the northern governorates, characterized by acute shortages of food and water.
Dismantling green colonialism: energy and climate justice in the Arab region
Authors: Imam Mukhtar , Tijjani Chubado Babbi
Published: June 2024

The concept of "green colonialism" has emerged as a critique of environmental policies and projects that perpetuate inequities and injustices, particularly in regions disproportionately affected by climate change. In the Arab region, efforts to transition to renewable energy sources and mitigate climate change have raised questions about environmental justice and the distribution of benefits and burdens. This article provides an analytical examination of the concept of green colonialism in the context of energy and climate justice in the Arab region. Through a comprehensive review of literature and analysis of case studies, this article explores the social, economic, and environmental implications of renewable energy projects and climate policies, and assesses their alignment with principles of justice, equity, and sustainability. The article argues that dismantling green colonialism requires a shift towards participatory decision-making processes, equitable distribution of resources, and recognition of the rights and priorities of marginalized communities, in order to ensure that energy and climate policies contribute to inclusive and sustainable development in the Arab region.
Measuring performance through organisational dexterity of non-alcoholic beverage companies in Nigeria
Authors: Izims Tochi
Published: June 2024

Organizational dexterity has been investigated as a critical aspect of improving organisational performance. Organizational skill is the ability to explore opportunities and exploit capabilities to adapt and overcome environmental changes and contemporary challenges. The study examined the effect of organizational dexterity on the organizational performance of non-alcoholic beverage companies in the South-South/South-West, Nigeria. The cross-sectional survey research design method and stratified random sampling technique were used for the study. The study used a structured questionnaire as an instrument of data collection. To establish the reliability of the instrument, a test-retest method was used. Descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze data. Findings showed that 67% of the change in organizational performance was brought about by the dimensions of organizational dexterity. Findings showed that organizational structure has the highest positive significant effect on organizational performance (ß = 0.429, P<0.05). Effective leadership has positive significant effect on organizational performance (ß = 0.088, P<0.05). It was concluded that organizational dexterity has positive effect on organizational performance of non-alcoholic beverage firms in Nigeria. The study recommended amongst others that companies should design their structures in harmony with the internal and external working environment conditions and organizational strategies in order to enhance employee innovative performance. The study demonstrated that leaders play a crucial role to foster a culture that encourages knowledge sharing, employee retention and create loyalty to the organization.
تعريف جريمة غسل الأموال والطرق الناجعة لمكافحتها في القانون الدولي
Authors: غوبر د.محمد أحمد محمد
Published: June 2024

جريمة غسل الأموال تعتبر واحدة من أخطر الجرائم التي تهدد الاقتصاد العالمي والاستقرار الاجتماعي. تتناول هذه الدراسة جهود المجتمع الدولي في مكافحة هذه الجريمة التي تطورت مع الزمن لتصبح أكثر تعقيدًا باستخدام تقنيات حديثة وأساليب مبتكرة. توضح الدراسة تأثيرات غسل الأموال على الاقتصاد العالمي والمحلي، مثل تدهور الاستثمارات وخلق منافسة غير متكافئة بين المستثمرين الشرعيين وغير الشرعيين. تسلط الدراسة الضوء على الاتفاقيات الدولية مثل اتفاقية باليرمو واتفاقية فيينا، ودورها في وضع السياسات القانونية لمكافحة غسل الأموال. كما تستعرض جهود المنظمات الدولية مثل الإنتربول ولجنة العمل المالي الدولي، إضافة إلى الجهود الإقليمية في العالم العربي من خلال جامعة الدول العربية ومجموعة العمل المالي لمنطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا. تقدم الدراسة توصيات لتعزيز الأطر القانونية والرقابية لمكافحة غسل الأموال وتعزيز التعاون الدولي في هذا المجال.
Supervision and Consultation of Sand Therapy Practitioners
Authors: Homeyer Linda
Published: June 2024

This is the conference proceedings from Dr. Linda Homeyer's presentation entitled, Supervision and Consultation of sand Therapy Practitioners.
Sand Tray as a Mode of Professional Engagement
Authors: Duncan April
Published: June 2024

This is the Conference Proceedings from Dr. April Duncan entitled, Sand Tray as a Mode of Professional Development.
Becoming All We Can!
Authors: Homeyer Linda E. , Hartwig Elizabeth , Stone Jessica , Lyles Marshall
Published: June 2024

This is the Conference Proceedings of the Keynote Panel consisting of: Moderator, Marshall Lyles; Researchers & Panelists, Linda Homeyer, Elizabeth Hartwig, and Jessica Stone entitled: Becoming All We Can! Building Competencies in the Sand: Exploring Sand Therapy Competencies.
Journey Through the Path of the Sand Therapist
Authors: Preston-Dillion Dee , Fountain Hardy Yolanda , Knach Julia
Published: June 2024

This is the Conference Proceedings from the Panel Discussion by Dee Preston-Dillion, Yolanda Fountain Hardy, and Julia Knach, entitled, Journey Through the Path of the Sand Therapist.
Editor's Commentary
Authors: Homeyer Linda
Published: June 2024

This is the journal report given during the WASTP Annual Meeting which was held during the 2024 Conference.
Ethics in Sand Therapy
Authors: Sweeney Daniel
Published: June 2024

This is the WASTP Conference Proceedings from Daniel Sweeney, entitled Ethics in the Sand.
Finding Your Theoretical Home in Sand Therapy
Authors: Sweeney Daniel
Published: June 2024

This is the Conference Proceeding from Daniel Sweeney, entitled, Finding Your Theoretical Home in Sand Therapy.
Enhancing real-time instance segmentation for plant disease detection with improved YOLOv8-Seg algorithm
Authors:   Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information  Technology, Northern Border University, Rafha Saudi Arabia, Ammar Mohamed
Published: June 2024

With widespread uses in areas as diverse as traffic analysis and medical imaging, picture segmentation is a basic problem in computer vision. Instance segmentation, which combines object recognition with segmentation, is a powerful tool for item identification and exact delineation. Using the Tomato Leaf disease dataset as an example, this research delves into the topic of segmentation training by capitalizing on the simplicity of enhanced YOLOv8-Seg models. Tomato leaf disease are the focus of this instance-segmentation dataset, which seeks to resolve the pressing problem of agricultural difficulties. One instance segmentation networks, YOLOv8n-Seg is presented and compared in this article for the purpose of Tomato leaf disease identification. The models are tested in difficult situations to see how well they can detect and separate garbage occurrences. Results show that enhanced YOLOv8-Seg is useful for agriculture by accurately segmenting instances of tomato leaf disease detection.
Classification of SPAM mail utilizing machine learning and deep learning techniques
Authors:   Department of Computer and Networks Engineering, Umm Al-Qura University,  Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Alshawi Bandar , Munshi Amr ,   Department of Computer and Networks Engineering, Umm Al-Qura University,  Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Alotaibi Majid ,   Department of Computer and Networks Engineering, Umm Al-Qura University,  Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Alturki Ryan ,   Department of Software Engineering, College of Computing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Allheeib Nasser ,   Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The Internet and social media networks usage has increased nowadays and become a prominent medium of communicating. Email is one of the professional reliable methods of communication. Automatic classifications of spam emails have become an area of interest. In order to detect spam emails, this study utilizes a dataset, including spam and non-spam emails. Various techniques are applied to obtain higher accuracy using machine learning techniques. NLP is also utilized for improvising accuracy using embeddings. For that, this work utilizes the BERT model, to achieve satisfactory detection of spam emails. Further, the results are compared with state-of-the-art methods, including, KNN, LSTM and Bi-LSTM. The results obtained by Bi-LSTM and LSTM were 97.94% and 86.02%, respectively. The presented methodology is promising in detecting spam emails due to the higher accuracy achieved.
Kali Linux – a simple and effective way to study the level of cyber security and penetration testing of power electronic devices
Authors:   South – West University “Neofit Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria, Nedyalkov Ivan , Georgiev Georgi ,   South – West University “Neofit Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
Published: June 2024

The work presents the possibility to use Kali Linux in the process of power electronic devices research, which has not been applied before. Several of the built-in tools of Kali Linux have been used for the purpose of the research. Nmap has been used for vulnerability testing - scanning for open ports and finding out specific, well-known security vulnerabilities by using specific scripts. Wireshark and Burp Suite have been used to find out if the exchanged information is secure or not. hping3 has been used to scan for open ports and generating different TCP DoS attacks, thus studying what is the response of the power electronic device when it is subjected to different TCP DoS attacks – can it be accessed or not, has it experienced any performance violation, etc. Based on the results of this research, it can be argued that Kali Linux is applicable and can be used during the process of power electronic device research.
The security analysis on the rabbit stream cipher
Authors:   Department of Intelligent Network Technology, I-SHOU University, Taiwan, Chain Kai
Published: June 2024

In recent years, stream cipher systems that have been traditionally designed using linear feedback shift register have been almost entirely compromised by algebraic attack methods. Thus, identifying a method to establish concepts for new-generation ciphers, prevent existing security problems, and design new stream cipher systems that consider both security and performance has become a crucial concern in the field of cryptography. In 2004, the European Union initiated the eSTREAM project to emulate the Advanced Encryption Standard used in the United States. The project consisted of 48 participating stream cipher candidates. Through open selection, review, and runoff voting, the results were announced in May 2008. This research investigated one of the finalists of the eSTREAM competition: The Rabbit stream cipher. Additionally, stream cipher attack methods have been extensively studied in recent years, especially those for distinguishing attacks. Thus, contributions of this article is explored the design concepts of the core algorithms in the new-generation stream cipher systems for determining the corresponding mathematical principles and practical approaches to contribute to the study of stream cipher systems.
Efficient Real time Zynq 7000 FPGA deployment of optimized YOLOv2 deep leaning model for target detection, based on HDL Coder Methodology
Authors:   Department of Computer Sciences, Faculty of Computing and Information  Technology, Northern Border University, Rafha,  Saudi Arabia, Slimane Jihane
Published: June 2024

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have garnered significant attention in the development and enhancement of target identification algorithms that employ YOLOv2 models and FPGAs, owing to their adaptability and user-friendliness. The Simulink HDL compiler was utilized to design, simulate, and implement our proposed design. In an effort to rectify this, this paper presents a comprehensive programming and design proposal. The implementation of the YOLOv2 algorithm for real-time vehicle detection on the Xilinx® Zynq-7000 System-on-a-chip is proposed in this work. Real-time testing of the synthesised hardware revealed that it can process Full HD video at a rate of 16 frames per second. On the Xilinx Zynq-7000 SOC, the estimated dynamic power consumption is less than 90 mW. When comparing the results of the proposed work to those of other simulations, it is observed that resource utilization is enhanced by around 204 k (75%) LUT, 305 (12%) DSP, and 224 k (41%) flip-flops at 200 MHz.
Mathematical model written by ordinary differential equations for hysteresis games
Authors:   Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hien Nguyen , Rahman Pavel ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological  University, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

In game theory, the hysteresis effect manifests itself in the fact that small differences in one or more parameters lead two systems to opposite stable equilibrium. The mathematical model (called smooth model) of hysteresis game writing by ordinary differential equations with the great parameter K is studied. Estimations of closeness of output functions for smooth and classical models through the continuity module of continuous input function are received. This error can be controlled by increasing the parameter K to a sufficiently large value. The result was conducted by studying of mathematical model and using programs Mathematica, Matlab or Maple. Experiments were carried out, and the obtained results were summarized and presented through evaluations and graphical interpretation.
Analysis of Marketing Mix Strategy Mix on Sales in Batik Quu Ciwaringin
Authors: Widya Widya , Amera Haliza , Selasi Dini
Published: June 2024

The phenomenon of digitalisation has affected many aspects of daily life, including family and business life. Increased flexibility and adaptability are necessary for businesses to deal with constant change. The concept of the marketing mix (4Ps: Product, Price, Promotion, Distribution) has evolved into 7Ps with the addition of People, Process, and Physical Evidence. The batik industry, including QUU Ciwaringin Batik in Cirebon, West Java, has great potential to utilise digital marketing strategies to increase sales and consumer loyalty. This study aims to identify the most significant marketing factors in increasing batik sales. With a descriptive qualitative approach, data is collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. Results show that product quality and promotional strategies are the main factors affecting sales. Batik QUU Ciwaringin offers high-quality products with various types of fabrics, such as silk and cotton, as well as custom design services. Effective promotion through exhibitions, cooperation with hotels, and online marketing, despite the constraints in digital content management. Promotion through exhibitions and word-of-mouth is proven to increase visibility and sales. Thus, the implementation of the right 7P marketing mix strategy can support the growth and competitiveness of QUU Ciwaringin Batik in the Indonesian batik market, helping them face challenges and take advantage of opportunities in the digital era.
Application of Personal data protection on electronic signatures in Indonesia
Authors: Azza Viola Meiryan , Hartana Hartana , Tio Rae G.nyoman
Published: June 2024

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 and digital transformation have brought significant changes in various aspects of life, including the business and administrative world. This revolution, driven by digital technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and cloud computing, enables automation in various industrial sectors and increases efficiency and productivity. This study aims to analyze the process of collecting, processing, and using personal data in using electronic signatures in Indonesia and knowing the compliance and legal consequences of personal data protection violations in using electronic signatures in Indonesia. This research approach is juridical normative. The research found that although the use of electronic signatures has increased rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic, many challenges are still faced. Electronic signatures are often considered prestigious and challenging, although they have been widely used in signings by notaries. The author realizes that although much progress has been made, there is still room for improvement in adopting and understanding electronic signatures in Indonesia.
Consumer Vulnerability After Pandemic Covid-19 on Using Mobile Health Apps
Authors: Sudyasjayanti Christina
Published: June 2024

This research has highlighted the topic of consumer resilience after the COVID-19 pandemic. This research topic will enhance the subject of Health app users in Indonesia. This research aims to find out the answer to these research questions: the consumer vulnerability caused by the lowest technology literacy, the consumer resilience related to customers’ trust and privacy concerns, and consumer adaptability caused by lack of personalization that will affect purchase satisfaction on Health Apps. Respondents of this research will be limited to 200 people who used Health Apps during 2020-2023. Those respondents will be selected from the four biggest provinces in Java. This research method uses linear regression analysis to determine the influence of consumer vulnerability and consumer resilience toward purchase satisfaction and the moderating effect of consumer adaptability upon consumer vulnerability toward purchase satisfaction and consumer resilience toward purchase satisfaction. The result showed that consumer adaptability did not strengthen the relationship between consumer vulnerability toward purchase satisfaction and consumer resilience toward purchase satisfaction. Alas, each variable significantly affected purchase satisfaction
Asertividad y estado de ánimo en adultos profesionales
Authors: Jacome Unda Nayeli Alejandra , Saltos Salazar Lenin Fabian
Published: June 2024

La asertividad es la ausencia de ansiedad en situaciones sociales, que permite manifestar sentimientos, pensamientos, emociones y acciones. Por otra parte, el estado de ánimo es una conglomeración de sensaciones auto percibidas, cuyos orígenes son de naturaleza biopsicosocial y prácticamente manejables por el propio sujeto perceptor. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre asertividad y estado de ánimo en adultos profesionales. El estudio mantiene un enfoque cuantitativo-no experimental, con un corte transversal y un alcance correlacional. Para medir las variables se utilizó el Test de Asertividad de Rathus (RAS), estandarizado por Madrigal en el año 2009 en Costa Rica y la escala de valoración del estado de ánimo (EVEA), estandarizada por Giuria y López, en el año 2021 en Perú. Los resultados mostraron que existe correlación entre las variables, el 96% de la población tiene un nivel de asertividad por encima del rango promedio. En el estado de ánimo un 42% mantiene el nivel moderado de alegría con bajos niveles de ansiedad en un 42%, tristeza-depresión con 50% e ira-hostilidad con 64%. Además, no se hallaron diferencias significativas entre la asertividad y estado de ánimo en función del sexo.
Company Growth, Company Size, Capital Structure and Profitability on Company Value in IDX-Listed Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Sahputra Rian , Saputra Mulia , Maryasih Lilis
Published: June 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of company growth, company size (SIZE), capital structure, (DER), and profitability (ROE) on company value (PBV) in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample consisted of 194 companies, with 49 selected using purposive sampling techniques. The study used multiple linear regression analysis and company financial statement data from 2018-2020. The coefficient of determination function is to measure how much influence between Company Growth, Company Size, Capital Structure, and Profitability on Company Value. The results of statistical testing show that the company's growth partially affects the value of the company. The size of a large or small company will not be able to affect its value. It also shows that if the company increasingly uses long-term debt to finance its assets, it can increase the value.
Development Of An Interactive Compensatory Learning Model To Improve The Reading Comprehension Ability Of Grade Xi High School Students In Southeast Maluku Regency And Tual City, Maluku Province
Authors: Seknun M. Faqih , Matdoan Usman
Published: June 2024

Reading is one of the important competencies in English. So far there are still many high school students who cannot read English texts properly and correctly. Various efforts from the government to improve the quality of education in the field of English through updates to the curriculum, improvement of facilities and improvement of teacher quality. But this is still felt to be unanswered. This research aims to produce a reading learning model product that suits current and future needs in high school. This study used an approach Research and Development. The subjects of the study were 11 teachers and students in 10 schools in the research site. Data collection techniques were carried out using questionnaires, interviews, observations, documentation and tests. Data analysis techniques are carried out using qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques (statistical tests). The results showed that there were differences in students' English learning outcomes for the three groups of good, medium and less who used the learning model interactive Compensatory and conventional learning. This is shown statistically using the t test, where the group of both tcount values (22.58) > ttable (2.02); medium group t valuecount (17.19) > table (2.02); The group lacks tcount value (10.26) > ttable (2.02). Statistically it can be seen that learning using models Interactive Compensatory More effective in improving capabilities reading comprehesion rather than conventional learning. Reading techniques scanning, skimming, bottom-up, top-down In this study produced a reading model Interactive Compensatory.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Sejarah Berbasis Outdoor Study pada Situs Candi Singosari untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Sejarah Masa Hindu-Budha Siswa Kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Singosari
Authors: Shidqi Hakim Muhammad , Nurfahrul Lukmanul Khakim Moch.
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas dari diterapkannya outdoor study ke candi singosari sebagai peningkatan pemahaman sejarah masa Hindu-Budha pada siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Singosari. SMK Negeri 1 Singosasi merupakan sekolah berbasis kejuruan yang berorientasi langsung dengan IPTEK dan dunia kerja. Banyaknya siswa yang menyukai gaya pembelajaran praktik dibandingkan dengan pemahaman teori memunculkan solusi untuk mendatangi objek langsung melalui outdoor study guna meningkatkan minat belajar sejarah masa Hindu-Budha yang dinilai masih minim dan sering di abaikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan model pretest postest control group design Instrumen data kuantitatif berupa angket pilihan ganda pretest-postest. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan siswa dengan mengikuti kegiatan outdoor study ke candi Singosari memiliki  tingkat pemahaman sebesar 50% untuk kelas kontrol dan 75% untuk kelas eksperimen. Adapun dampak dari diterapkannya outdoor study pada situs candi singosari Berdasarkan analisis pasca kegiatan outdoor study, minat belajar siswa meningkat karena adanya pengalaman baru siswa dalam belajar mereka selain itu siswa mejadi lebih mudah untuk memahami materi yang diajarkan oleh guru karena siswa merasa antusias untuk mengikuti pembelajaran.
Legal Analysis Of Mitigation Of Environmental And Social Impact In Sand Mining Excavation C
Authors: Rahma Jelita Ghina , Maria Ulfa Gita , Oktaviani Nela , Sutrisno Endang , Yusup Permana Deni
Published: June 2024

Mining sand Excavation C, in particular , has cause degradation environment and impact social , and this just one​ example How operation mining can give benefits and harms public local . Because of this is problem urgent social , we​ must Act fast For finish degradation environment and disasters nature caused by mining​ illegal . Things that become attention main is How problem mitigation impact environmental and social issues in mining sand Excavation C is arranged based on analysis law . With use method study juridical normative , research This aim For analyze aspect law around arrangement mitigation impact environmental and social related mining sand Excavation C. Damage environment that has not resolved , especially in the Cikeruh River , is results direct from research that examines potency consequence law from mining illegal in the District area Majalengka . Opportunity field jobs , opportunities economy , and increasing village treasury , is a number of impact social from mining sand Excavation C. Mining sand Excavation C has  impact the environment is a must mitigated Activities performed​ ignore licensing with refer to Constitution Number 3 of 2020 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining and Regency Regional Regulations Majalengka Number 3 of 2004 concerning Mining Business Management . The miners traditional must own Permission Community Mining (IPR).
Legal Aspects of Tackling the Crime of Trafficking in Persons from the Perspective of Criminology
Authors: Ameilia Putri Syavei Amanda , Putri Alicia Dwi , Maulana M Fajar , Sutrisno Endang , Dikrurrahman Diky
Published: June 2024

The current cases of trafficking in persons seen from the many news reports in social media and print media show how much special attention is needed regarding the crime of trafficking in persons. This research uses a qualitative method. We conducted this research at the Cirebon Regency Police, the Sumber District Court, the Sumber District Attorney's Office, and at several law firms to process data regarding victims of human trafficking crimes that occurred in Cirebon Regency, so that we can find out what factors can become a victim of human trafficking. The victim's own involvement in what happened because of various activities such as recruiting, transporting, and hiding someone for exploitation, including sexual, forced labor, or slavery. Conflict and violence in society also exacerbate this condition, forcing people to seek a better life. Efforts to protect victims of human trafficking have been provided, including various elements of legal protection including being listed in the law, providing physical and psychological assistance, international cooperation and prevention which are considered to reduce the risk for people to become victims of human trafficking. Victim protection, including.