bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alterations in Glucagon Levels and the Glucagon-to-Insulin Ratio in Response to High Dietary Fat or Protein Intake in Healthy Lean Adult Twins: A Post Hoc Analysis
Authors: Schuppelius Bettina , Schüler Rita , Pivovarova-Ramich Olga , Hornemann Silke , Busjahn Andreas , Machann Jürgen , Kruse Michael , Park Soyoung Q. , Kabisch Stefan , Csanalosi Marta , Ost Anne-Cathrin , Pfeiffer Andreas F. H.
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Emerging data support evidence of the essential role of glucagon for lipid metabolism. However, data on the role of dietary fat intake for glucagon secretion is limited. This analysis investigated whether altering nutritional fat intake affects glucagon levels in healthy subjects. Methods: A total of 92 twins (age: 31 ± 14 years, BMI: 23 ± 3 kg/m2) consumed two 6-week diets: first a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet (LFD) followed by an isocaloric high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet (HFD). In total, 24 twins (age: 39 ± 15 years, BMI: 24 ± 2 kg/m2) continued with a high-protein diet (HPD). Clinical investigations were performed after 6 weeks of the LFD, after 1 and 6 weeks of the HFD and after 6 weeks of the HPD. Results: The LFD caused a significant decrease in fasting glucagon (−27%, p < 0.001) compared to baseline. After 6 weeks of the HFD, glucagon increased (117%, p < 0.001 vs. LFD), while free fatty acids decreased. Six weeks of the HPD further increased glucagon levels (72%, p = 0.502 vs. HFD), although fasting amino acid levels remained constant. Fasting insulin and HOMA-IR moderately increased after one week of the HFD, while six weeks of the HPD significantly decreased both. The fasting glucagon-to-insulin ratio decreased during the LFD (p < 0.001) but increased after the HFD (p < 0.001) and even further increased after the HPD (p = 0.018). Liver fat, triglycerides and blood glucose did not increase during the HFD. The heritability of glucagon levels was 45% with the LFD. Conclusions: An HFD increases glucagon levels and the glucagon-to-insulin ratio under isocaloric conditions compared to an LFD in healthy lean subjects. This rise in glucagon may represent a metabolic response to prevent hepatic steatosis, as glucagon increases have been previously shown to induce hepatic fat oxidation.
Initial Development of Automated Machine Learning-Assisted Prediction Tools for Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activators
Authors: Wojtyło Paulina Anna , Łapińska Natalia , Bellagamba Lucia , Camaioni Emidio , Mendyk Aleksander , Giovagnoli Stefano
Published: November 2024

Background: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays a crucial role in immune and metabolic processes. The large molecular diversity of ligands capable of activating AhR makes it impossible to determine the structural features useful for the design of new potent modulators. Thus, in the field of drug discovery, the intricate nature of AhR activation necessitates the development of novel tools to address related challenges. Methods: In this study, quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models of classification and regression were developed with the objective of identifying the most effective method for predicting AhR activity. The initial dataset was obtained by combining the ChEMBL and WIPO databases which contained 978 molecules with EC50 values. The predictive models were developed using the automated machine learning platform mljar according to a 10-fold cross validation (10-CV) testing procedure. Results: The classification model demonstrated an accuracy value of 0.760 and F1 value of 0.789 for the test set. The root-mean-squared error (RMSE) was 5444, and the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.208 for the regression model. The Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) method was then employed for a deeper comprehension of the impact of the variables on the model’s predictions. As a practical application for scientific purposes, the best performing classification model was then used to develop an AhR web application. This application is accessible online and has been implemented in Streamlit. Conclusions: The findings may serve as a foundation in prompting further research into the development of a QSAR model, which could enhance comprehension of the influence of ligand structure on the modulation of AhR activity.
Optimization Processes of Clinical Chelation-Based Radiopharmaceuticals for Pathway-Directed Targeted Radionuclide Therapy in Oncology
Authors: Tomiyoshi Katsumi , Wilson Lydia J. , Mourtada Firas , Mourtada Jennifer Sims , Namiki Yuta , Kamata Wataru , Yang David J. , Inoue Tomio
Published: November 2024

Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) for internal pathway-directed treatment is a game changer for precision medicine. TRT improves tumor control while minimizing damage to healthy tissue and extends the survival for patients with cancer. The application of theranostic-paired TRT along with cellular phenotype and genotype correlative analysis has the potential for malignant disease management. Chelation chemistry is essential for the development of theranostic-paired radiopharmaceuticals for TRT. Among image-guided TRT, 68Ga and 99mTc are the current standards for diagnostic radionuclides, while 177Lu and 225Ac have shown great promise for β- and α-TRT, respectively. Their long half-lives, potent radiobiology, favorable decay schemes, and ability to form stable chelation conjugates make them ideal for both manufacturing and clinical use. The current challenges include optimizing radionuclide production processes, coordinating chelation chemistry stability of theranostic-paired isotopes to reduce free daughters [this pertains to 225Ac daughters 221Fr and 213Bi]-induced tissue toxicity, and improving the modeling of micro dosimetry to refine dose–response evaluation. The empirical approach to TRT delivery is based on standard radionuclide administered activity levels, although clinical trials have revealed inconsistent outcomes and normal-tissue toxicities despite equivalent administered activities. This review presents the latest optimization methods for chelation-based theranostic radiopharmaceuticals, advancements in micro-dosimetry, and SPECT/CT technologies for quantifying whole-body uptake and monitoring therapeutic response as well as cytogenetic correlative analyses.
Enhanced Rheological and Structural Properties of the Exopolysaccharide from Rhizobium leguminosarum VF39 Through NTG Mutagenesis
Authors: Kim Kyungho , Oh Eunkyung , Park Sohyun , Jeong Jae-pil , Jeon Sobin , Lee Sujin , Shin Younghyun , Jung Seunho
Published: November 2024

Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are biopolymer materials with advantages such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, ease of mass production, and reproducibility. The EPS that was isolated from Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae VF39 is an anionic polysaccharide with a backbone structure consisting of one galactose, five glucose molecules, and two glucuronic acids, along with 3-hydroxybutanoyl, acetyl, and pyruvyl functional groups. Through N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) mutagenesis, we isolated and purified a mutant EPS from VF39, VF39 #54, which demonstrated enhanced physicochemical and rheological properties compared to the wild-type VF39. The EPS structure of the VF39 #54 mutant strain showed a loss of glucuronic acid and 3-hydroxybutanoyl groups compared to the wild-type, as confirmed by FT-IR, NMR analysis, and uronic acid assays. The molecular weight of the VF39 #54 EPS was 250% higher than that of the wild-type. It also exhibited improved viscoelasticity and thermal stability. In the DSC and TGA analyses, VF39 #54 had a higher endothermic peak (172 °C) compared to the wild-type (142 °C), and its thermal decomposition point was 260 °C, surpassing the wild-type’s value of 222 °C. Additionally, the VF39 #54 EPS maintained a similar viscosity to the wild-type in various pH, temperature, and metal salt conditions, while also exhibiting a higher overall viscosity. The cytotoxicity test using HEK-293 cells confirmed that the VF39 #54 EPS was non-toxic. Due to its high viscoelastic properties, the VF39 #54 EPS shows potential for use in products such as thickeners, texture enhancers, and stabilizers. Furthermore, its thermal stability and biocompatibility make it a promising candidate for applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetic formulations. Additionally, its ability to maintain viscosity under varying environmental conditions highlights its suitability for industrial processes that require consistent performance.
Confessional Religious Education at School in the Face of Contemporary Challenges Based on the Polish Experience
Authors: Mazur Radosław , Szauer Remigiusz
Published: November 2024

Religious education is a standard in European schools, but it is implemented according to different models. Against this background, Poland, with its confessional religious education for which churches and religious associations are responsible, appears as a certain model. However, is this kind of religious education able to meet the needs of today’s children and young people? This article begins with a brief description of religious education in Poland and then focuses on the characteristics of contemporary changes that affect all areas of human life, including religiousness. The hypothesis of the authors, which has found its justification in the proposed text, is the conviction that confessional religious education is able to respond to the needs of its contemporary addressees, but it must also have the ability to change and adapt, especially from the perspective of didactics. It is also important to be able to function in the reality of pluralism and complexity, as well as in the increasingly widespread computerization.
Monitoring Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentration and Flux in the Qiantang Riverine System Using Sentinel-2 Satellite Images
Authors: Yan Yujia , He Xianqiang , Bai Yan , Liu Jinsong , Shanmugame Palanisamy , Zhao Yaqi , Zhang Xuan , Wang Zhihong , Zhang Yifan , Gong Fang
Published: November 2024

Real-time monitoring of riverine-dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and its controlling factors is critical for formulating strategies regarding the river basin and marginal seas pollution prevention and control. In this study, we established a linear regression formulation that relates the permanganate index (CODMn) to the DOC concentration based on in situ measurements collected on five field surveys in 2023–2024. This regression formulation was used on a large number of data collected from automatic monitoring stations in the Qiantang River area to construct a daily quasi-in situ database of DOC concentration. By combining the quasi-in situ DOC data and Sentinel-2 measurements, an enhanced algorithm for empirical DOC estimation was developed (R2 = 0.66) using the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) method and its spatial and temporal variations in the Qiantang River were analyzed from 2016 to 2023. Spatially, the main stream of the Qiantang River exhibited an overall decreasing and increasing trend influenced by population density, economic development, and pollutant discharge in the basin area, and the temporal distribution of DOC was controlled by meteorological conditions. The DOC contents had the highest in summer, primarily due to high rainfall and leaching. The inter-annual variation in DOC concentration was influenced by the total annual runoff volumes, with a minimum level of 2.24 mg L−1 in 2023 and a maximum level of 2.45 mg L−1 in 2019. The monthly DOC fluxes ranged from 6.3 to 13.8 × 104 t, with the highest values coinciding with the maximum river discharge volumes in June and July. The DOC levels in the Qiantang River remained relatively high in recent years (2016–2023). This study enables the concerned stakeholders and researchers to better understand carbon transportation and its dynamics in the Qiantang River and its coastal areas.
The Spacecraft Parabolic Antenna Payload Orientation Estimation Method Based on the Step Effect of Measured Radar Cross Section Sequences
Authors: Li Junzhi , Ning Xin
Published: November 2024

The analysis and processing of active radar image information is an important method for determining the payload orientation of non-cooperative targets. However, a challenge for spacecraft carrying parabolic antenna payloads is that active radar imaging is susceptible to defocus, making it difficult to achieve a reliable estimate of the orientation of such payloads. As such, this paper proposes a method for estimating the orientation of spacecraft parabolic antenna payloads based on radar-measured radar cross section (RCS) sequence data. By utilizing the step effect produced when the ground-based radar observes the parabolic antenna payload, the mathematical model for estimating the orientation of the parabolic antenna payload is established through the analysis of the geometric relationship between the radar observation vector and the antenna payload orientation in the orbital coordinate system. This method employs an optimized model and particle swarm optimization to achieve the pointing estimation of the parabolic antenna payload. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can accurately estimate the pointing direction of the antenna payload, with the maximum error being better than three degrees, and it has good robustness. The results of real data processing further verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Quasi-Linear Convective Systems in Catalonia Detected Through Radar and Lightning Data
Authors: Rigo Tomeu , Farnell Carme
Published: November 2024

Quasi-Linear Convective Systems (QLCSs) are a type of Mesoscale Convective System characterised by their linear shape and association with severe weather phenomena (such as hail, tornadoes, or wind gusts). This study deals with the application of a technique that consists of combinations of radar and lightning data to identify QLCS in Catalonia (the northeast region of the Iberian Peninsula) and the surrounding areas. Even with the limitation of reduced coverage, the technique has revealed efficiency in identifying the systems affecting the region of interest. Concretely, we have detected twenty cases for 2013–2023, significantly less than for other parts of Central Europe but similar to the global values for the whole continent and the United States of America. All cases occurred during the warm season and are divided into diurnal and nocturnal cases with different behaviours.
Intelligent Wireless Charging Path Optimization for Critical Nodes in Internet of Things-Integrated Renewable Sensor Networks
Authors: Aslam Nelofar , Wang Hongyu , Aslam Muhammad Farhan , Aamir Muhammad , Hadi Muhammad Usman
Published: November 2024

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a crucial role in the Internet of Things (IoT) for ubiquitous data acquisition and tracking. However, the limited battery life of sensor nodes poses significant challenges to the long-term scalability and sustainability of these networks. Wireless power transfer technology offers a promising solution by enabling the recharging of energy-depleted nodes through a wireless portable charging device (WPCD). While this approach can extend node lifespan, it also introduces the challenge of bottleneck nodes—nodes whose remaining energy falls below a critical value of the threshold. The paper addresses this issue by formulating an optimization problem that aims to identify the optimal traveling path for the WPCD based on ant colony optimization (WPCD-ACO), with a focus on minimizing energy consumption and enhancing network stability. To achieve it, we propose an objective function by incorporating a time-varying z phase that is managed through linear programming to efficiently address the bottleneck nodes. Additionally, a gateway node continually updates the remaining energy levels of all nodes and relays this information to the IoT cloud. Our findings indicate that the outage-optimal distance achieved by WPCD-ACO is 6092 m, compared to 7225 m for the shortest path and 6142 m for Dijkstra’s algorithm. Furthermore, the WPCD-ACO minimizes energy consumption to 1.543 KJ, significantly outperforming other methods: single-hop at 4.8643 KJ, GR-Protocol at 3.165 KJ, grid clustering at 2.4839 KJ, and C-SARSA at 2.5869 KJ, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations validate that WPCD-ACO is outshining the existing methods in terms of the network lifetime, stability, survival rate of sensor nodes, and energy consumption.
A Lightweight, Centralized, Collaborative, Truncated Signed Distance Function-Based Dense Simultaneous Localization and Mapping System for Multiple Mobile Vehicles
Authors: Que Haohua , Gao Haojia , Shan Weihao , Yang Xinghua , Zhao Rong
Published: November 2024

Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) algorithms play a critical role in autonomous exploration tasks requiring mobile robots to autonomously explore and gather information in unknown or hazardous environments where human access may be difficult or dangerous. However, due to the resource-constrained nature of mobile robots, they are hindered from performing long-term and large-scale tasks. In this paper, we propose an efficient multi-robot dense SLAM system that utilizes a centralized structure to alleviate the computational and memory burdens on the agents (i.e. mobile robots). To enable real-time dense mapping of the agent, we design a lightweight and accurate dense mapping method. On the server, to find correct loop closure inliers, we design a novel loop closure detection method based on both visual and dense geometric information. To correct the drifted poses of the agents, we integrate the dense geometric information along with the trajectory information into a multi-robot pose graph optimization problem. Experiments based on pre-recorded datasets have demonstrated our system’s efficiency and accuracy. Real-world online deployment of our system on the mobile vehicles achieved a dense mapping update rate of ∼14 frames per second (fps), a onboard mapping RAM usage of ∼3.4%, and a bandwidth usage of ∼302 KB/s with a Jetson Xavier NX.
Improved Surface Electromyogram-Based Hand–Wrist Force Estimation Using Deep Neural Networks and Cross-Joint Transfer Learning
Authors: Wang Haopeng , Wang He , Dai Chenyun , Huang Xinming , Clancy Edward A.
Published: November 2024

Deep neural networks (DNNs) and transfer learning (TL) have been used to improve surface electromyogram (sEMG)-based force estimation. However, prior studies focused mostly on applying TL within one joint, which limits dataset size and diversity. Herein, we investigated cross-joint TL between two upper-limb joints with four DNN architectures using sliding windows. We used two feedforward and two recurrent DNN models with feature engineering and feature learning, respectively. We found that the dependencies between sEMG and force are short-term (<400 ms) and that sliding windows are sufficient to capture them, suggesting that more complicated recurrent structures may not be necessary. Also, using DNN architectures reduced the required sliding window length. A model pre-trained on elbow data was fine-tuned on hand–wrist data, improving force estimation accuracy and reducing the required training data amount. A convolutional neural network with a 391 ms sliding window fine-tuned using 20 s of training data had an error of 6.03 ± 0.49% maximum voluntary torque, which is statistically lower than both our multilayer perceptron model with TL and a linear regression model using 40 s of training data. The success of TL between two distinct joints could help enrich the data available for future deep learning-related studies.
Location Method of Buried Polyethylene Gas Pipeline Based on Acoustic Signal Ellipse Method
Authors: Zhang Hanyu , Li Yang , Xu Zhuo , Zhang Ao , Liu Xianfa , Sun Pengyao , Sun Xianchao
Published: November 2024

This study proposes a buried PE gas pipeline positioning method based on the elliptical method of an acoustic signal analysis. The cross-correlation time delay positioning technology is combined with the elliptical equation, forming an effective mechanism for pipeline depth positioning. First, a dual-tree complex wavelet transform is employed to denoise the collected signals, enhancing the quality and accuracy of the data. Subsequently, the cross-correlation function is utilized to extract the delay times between the signals. The obtained delay times are then substituted into the elliptical equation to calculate the depth of the buried PE pipeline. Based on this theoretical framework, a simulation model is established in COMSOL, and positioning simulation analyses are conducted under three different conditions: pipeline depth, relative sensor positions, and distances between sensors and excitation points. The simulation results indicate that a clear correlation exists between the signal delay time and the pipeline position, with simulation errors controlled within 5%, thus validating the theoretical feasibility of the method. To further assess the effectiveness of this approach, an experimental testing system is constructed. The experimental study was carried out under four different conditions: pipeline burial depth, relative sensor positions, distances between sensors and excitation points, and excitation frequencies. The experimental results demonstrate that these factors significantly affect the pipeline depth positioning. The comparison results show that the method has a high accuracy in depth positioning, with experimental errors controlled within 10%. This study proves that accurate positioning of pipeline depth could be achieved by substituting signal delay times into the elliptical equation, thereby validating the method’s feasibility in practical applications. The proposed method effectively addressed the shortcomings of existing pipeline depth positioning technologies, providing important theoretical support and a practical reference for future pipeline positioning research.
Advanced Bearing-Fault Diagnosis and Classification Using Mel-Scalograms and FOX-Optimized ANN
Authors: Siddique Muhammad Farooq , Zaman Wasim , Ullah Saif , Umar Muhammad , Saleem Faisal , Shon Dongkoo , Yoon Tae Hyun , Yoo Dae-Seung , Kim Jong-Myon
Published: November 2024

Accurate and reliable bearing-fault diagnosis is important for ensuring the efficiency and safety of industrial machinery. This paper presents a novel method for bearing-fault diagnosis using Mel-transformed scalograms obtained from vibrational signals (VS). The signals are windowed and pass through a Mel filter bank, converting them into a Mel spectrum. These scalograms are subsequently fed into an autoencoder comprising convolutional and pooling layers to extract robust features. The classification is performed using an artificial neural network (ANN) optimized with the FOX optimizer, which replaces traditional backpropagation. The FOX optimizer enhances synaptic weight adjustments, leading to superior classification accuracy, minimal loss, improved generalization, and increased interpretability. The proposed model was validated on a laboratory dataset obtained from a bearing testbed with multiple fault conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that the model achieves perfect precision, recall, F1-scores, and an AUC of 1.00 across all fault categories, significantly outperforming comparison models. The t-SNE plots illustrate clear separability between different fault classes, confirming the model’s robustness and reliability. This approach offers an efficient and highly accurate solution for real-time predictive maintenance in industrial applications.
Data-Driven Analysis of High-Temperature Fluorocarbon Plasma for Semiconductor Processing
Authors: Jang Sung Kyu , Lee Woosung , Choi Ga In , Kim Jihun , Kang Minji , Kim Seongho , Choi Jong Hyun , Kim Seul-Gi , Lee Seoung-Ki , Kim Hyeong-U , Kim Hyeongkeun
Published: November 2024

The semiconductor industry increasingly relies on high aspect ratio etching facilitated by Amorphous Carbon Layer (ACL) masks for advanced 3D-NAND and DRAM technologies. However, carbon contamination in ACL deposition chambers necessitates effective fluorine-based plasma cleaning. This study employs a high-temperature inductively coupled plasma (ICP) system and Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (ToF-MS) to analyze gas species variations under different process conditions. We applied Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) to identify key gas species, and used the First-Order Plus Dead Time (FOPDT) model to quantify dynamic changes in gas signals. Our analysis revealed the formation of COF3 at high gas temperatures and plasma power levels, indicating the presence of additional reaction pathways under these conditions. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of high-temperature plasma interactions and suggests new strategies for optimizing ACL processes in semiconductor manufacturing.
Research on the Identification of Key Factors for the Development of Digital Empowerment Platform Enterprises
Authors: Xu Yanmei , Wang Ziqiang , Song Xia , Zhang Yanan , Zhang Qiwen
Published: November 2024

Purpose: It is difficult for small- and medium-sized enterprises to modify themselves to achieve digital transformation; a digital empowerment platform can help small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to digitalize. Therefore, it is of great significance to identify the key factors of the development of logarithmic words. Design: This study first uses the ISM method to establish a network of influencing factors, identifies key factors from the perspectives of network structure and enterprise competitive advantage, and finally conducts a comprehensive analysis using a six-quadrant matrix. Findings: Capital, talent, and data collection and analysis technology are key factors driving the development of digital empowerment platforms. Standards, accurate and continuous industry information, and efficient and sustained co-operation with empowered industry enterprises and research institutions are key factors in establishing a sustained competitive advantage. This study proposes two development paths for enterprises and two policy recommendations. Originality: (1) The history of digital empowerment platform enterprises is relatively short, and there are relatively few studies on the influencing factors of its development. (2) By employing mathematical network analysis and competitive advantage analysis methods and comprehensively analyzing key factors, this study innovates the multi-factor evaluation method.
Fashion Wears Sustainable Leather: A Social and Strategic Analysis Toward Sustainable Production and Consumption Goals
Authors: D’Adamo Idiano , Gagliarducci Marta , Iannilli Martina , Mangani Valeria
Published: November 2024

While fashion and sustainability are often proposed as opposing concepts, many companies in the fashion industry are actively working to transform their operations to achieve greater sustainability. The production of leather goods significantly contributes to air and water pollution and generates challenging waste disposal issues. The present study explored emerging sustainable paradigms in the leather goods industry through both social and strategic analyses. The results indicate that, although consumers are often unaware of the differences among leather types, there is a growing openness to sustainable alternatives and a willingness to pay for these products. Quality and durability are key consumer priorities, though a bias toward fast fashion persists. Notably, while consumers value vegan leather as a sustainable alternative, experts caution that synthetic leather alternatives may have greater environmental drawbacks compared to traditional leather. The work supports SDG 12 by advocating for reduced reliance on materials with a high environmental impact and the adoption of sustainable alternatives. Enhanced consumer communication may also drive the industry toward a model that integrates environmental and social responsibility with profitability. Given the prestigious status of leather goods within the Made in Italy initiative, the present work suggests that the value of vegan leather may increase within the global market.
The Longitudinal Push-Out Effect and Differential Settlement Control Measures of the Transition Section of Road and Bridge Induced by Freeze–Thaw Inducing
Authors: Dong Liang , Liu Jingyi , Wang Ke , Tian Shuang , Su Yonghua
Published: November 2024

The environmental influence of seasonal freezing and thawing forces the longitudinal shear effect of the bridge abutment, and the differential settlement between the subgrade and the bridge abutment will significantly affect traffic safety. In this work, based on the finite element simulation analysis method, the longitudinal push-out effect and differential settlement of the transition section caused by cycles are systematically investigated, and the treatment results under different control measures (buffer layer thickness) are compared and analyzed. The results show that changing the thickness of the buffer material in the transition section has no significant influence on the overall temperature field of the subsurface. The longitudinal displacement of the transition region will be obvious under the condition of seasonal cycle, and its longitudinal thrust effect on the abutment shows a typical periodic law with the seasonal change. As the depth of the lower soil layer from the surface increases, the pushing effect becomes weaker and weaker. The development of the different subsoil settlements in the transition section also showed periodic changes with the passage of seasons. The differential settlement of the transition section after the buffer layer treatment can be effectively controlled, and the maximum value of the surface settlement of the roadbed after the 5 cm thick buffer material is reduced by 35%, compared with the two deformations of frostshocked bridges, where differential settlement after the buffer material treatment creates only tip deformation. After using a 15 cm thick buffer layer material treatment, the maximum settlement value of the surface settlement of the road base is reduced from 0.2 m to 0.01 m, which will not affect safety and driving comfort. The research conclusions can provide a reference for the design of road and bridge transition sections in frozen areas.
Development and Space Experiment Verification of Annular Liquid Flow Payload for China Space Station
Authors: Wang Jia , Chen Yi , Wu Di , Hu Liang , Ye Zhijun , Duan Li , Zhao Xilin , Yin Yongli , Kang Qi
Published: November 2024

The annular flow payload is among the first batch of space science experimental projects carried out on the Fluid Physics Rack of the China Space Station. This paper provides a detailed introduction to the development of the payload, ground validation, and in orbit experiments. The payload, sized 320 mm × 200 mm × 220 mm, includes an annular flow model and supports supply (24 V, 12 V, and 5 V), communication, and data transmission. A multi-functional heating column in the annular flow model was designed, allowing for the column to operate in fixed, rotating, and lifting scenarios. In the first round, 96 sets of space experiments covering volume ratio ranges from 0.45 to 1.06 were carried out. The annular flow liquid surface state, temperature oscillation, and infrared temperature field evolution were obtained. Mode decomposition shows the oscillatory convection of the m = 4 travelling wave, and contains m = 3, m = 6, and m = 8 waves.
A Diachronic Agent-Based Framework to Model MaaS Programs
Authors: Postorino Maria Nadia , Sarnè Giuseppe M. L.
Published: November 2024

In recent years, mobility as a service (MaaS) has been thought as one of the opportunities for shifting towards shared travel solutions with respect to private transport modes, particularly owned cars. Although many MaaS aspects have been explored in the literature, there are still issues, such as platform implementations, travel solution generation, and the user’s role for making an effective system, that require more research. This paper extends and improves a previous study carried out by the authors by providing more details and experiments. The paper proposes a diachronic network model for representing travel services available in a given MaaS platform by using an agent-based approach to simulate the interactions between travel operators and travelers. Particularly, the diachronic network model allows the consideration of both the spatial and temporal features of the available transport services, while the agent-based framework allows the representation of how shared services might be used and which effects, in terms of modal split, could be expected. The final aim is to provide insights for setting the architecture of an agent-based MaaS platform where transport operators would share their data for providing seamless travel opportunities to travelers. The results obtained for a simulated test case are promising. Particularly, there are interesting findings concerning the traffic congestion boundary values that would move users towards shared travel solutions.
Single-Nucleus and Spatial Transcriptomics Revealing Host Response Differences Triggered by Mutated Virus in Severe Dengue
Authors: Chen Qian , Yuan Yizhen , Cai Fangzhou , Li Zhe , Wei Qiang , Wang Wei
Published: November 2024

Dengue virus (DENV) infection causes various disease manifestations ranging from an asymptomatic state to severe, life-threatening dengue. Despite intensive research, the molecular mechanisms underlying the abnormal host responses and severe disease symptoms caused by evolved DENV strains is not fully understood. First, the spatial structure of mutant DENV was compared via in silico molecular modeling analysis. Second, employing single-nucleus and spatial RNA sequencing, we analyzed and verified transcriptome samples in uninfected, mild (NGC group), and severe (N10 group) liver tissues from murine models. In this study, we obtained a cumulatively mutated DENV-2 N10 with enhanced capability of replication and pathogenicity post 10 serial passages in Ifnra−/− mice. This variant caused severe damage in the liver, as compared with other organs. Furthermore, mutated DENV infection elicited stronger responses in hepatocytes. The critical host factor Nrg4 was identified. It dominated mainly via the activation of the NRG/ErbB pathway in mice with severe symptoms. We report on evolved N10 viruses with changes observed in different organisms and tissue. This evolutionary variant results in high replicability, severe pathogenicity, and strong responses in murine. Moreover, the host responses may play a role by activating the NRG/ErbB signaling pathway. Our findings provide a realistic framework for defining disturbed host responses at the animal model level that might be one of the main causes of severe dengue and the potential application value.
The Influence of Waters of Lake Baikal on the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Phytoplankton in the Irkutsk Reservoir
Authors: Firsova Alena , Galachyants Yuri , Bessudova Anna , Hilkhanova Diana , Titova Lubov , Nalimova Maria , Buzevich Vasilisa , Marchenkov Artyom , Sakirko Maria , Likhoshway Yelena
Published: November 2024

On a model natural object, the Lake Baikal–Angara River–Irkutsk Reservoir (IR), we studied changes in the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton communities over three seasons in 2023 depending on seasonal changes in habitat parameters. Of the 151 identified taxa, Chrysophyta (57), Chlorophyta (41) and Bacillariophyta (24) predominated in diversity. Over the entire observation period, the highest values of total biomass and total abundance were detected in the IR in June (hydrological spring) at a water temperature of 10.0–12.7 °C, and the lowest in August, despite the fact that the water warmed up to 20 °C. No mass blooms of Cyanobacteria were observed. Statistical analysis of species abundance profiles revealed that phytoplankton community structure varied across time and space. The direct effect of cold lake waters on the structure of phytoplankton in the reservoir was observed only in early June. In summer and autumn, the structures of phytoplankton in the lake and in the reservoir differed, even at the same water temperature. Low concentrations of phosphates and nitrates, high species diversity, the presence of cold-water species and species with a wide range of temperature preferences formed a dynamic spatiotemporal structure of IR phytoplankton, distinct from other temperate reservoirs, including Lake Baikal. The results obtained are important for understanding the mechanisms of formation of the flora of artificial reservoirs of temperate latitudes and for their monitoring, taking into account seasonal dynamics and the context of global climate warming.
Physicochemical parameters of Bulgarian monofloral rape and lime honeys
Authors:   Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 1, James Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria, Mladenova E. , Balkanska R. ,   Institute of Animal Science, Department “Special Branches – Bees”, Spirka “Pochivka”, 2232 Kostinbrod, Agricultural Academy, Bulgaria, Voyslavov Ts.
Published: November 2024

The quality of human life is mainly determined by the quality and safety of consumed food. The purpose of the present study was physicochemical characterization of Bulgarian monofloral bee honeys. A total of 40 honey samples (rape n=14 and lime n=26) were analysed. Botanical origin of the honey samples was determined by mellisopalynological analysis. Color (mm Pfund), water content (%), electrical conductivity (mS.cm-1), specific rotation ([α]20D), pH, diastase (Gothe units), invertase (U.kg-1), proline (mg.kg-1), hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF, mg.kg-1) were assessed in order to provide physicochemical characterization. In the present study monofloral rape and lime honeys meet the quality standards of European legislation for the parameters studied. The results confirmed that physicochemical properties of honeys were closely related to their floral sources. The honeys produced in Bulgaria are of good quality in relation to the studied parameters, confirming the general image of products with high quality. Significant linear correlations were confirmed between diastase and invertase in rape honey and also between color and electrical conductivity in lime honey.
Impact of sharp weather warming on the exchangeable forms of 137Cs in soils and its bioaccumulation in orchard grass
Authors:   University of Sofia “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria, Varbeva M. G. , Avdeev G. V. ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Physical Chemistry “Rostislaw Kaishew”, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria, Kovacheva P. G. ,   University of Sofia “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: November 2024

The manuscript considers the effects of the sharp temperature increase on the exchangeable forms of 137Cs, from one to three months after its entrance in the soil. The impact of the sharp increase of the environmental temperature on the migration ability of 137Cs and bioaccumulation in orchard grass was investigated in soils taken from five different regions in Bulgaria. The soil samples were contaminated with an aqueous solution of 137Cs and stored at different temperature regimes, simulating temperate and hot summer conditions for a period from one to three months. The exchangeable forms of the radionuclide were determined by single extractions with 1 M NH4NO3, followed by gamma-spectrometric determination. Vegetation experiments with the conditioned soil samples were carried out and the transfer factors (TFs) of orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) were determined. The results showed that the conditioning for one month at increased temperature, two months after contamination caused a decrease in the exchangeable 137Cs and the transfer factors. A reduction of the exchangeable forms of radiocesium with the increase of the content of muscovite in the soils was observed. It was found that the change in TFs provoked by the temperature raise two months after contamination increased with increasing potassium concentration in the soils.
Stjepan Zimmermann o Božjoj providnosti
Authors: Macut Ivan
Published: November 2024

Uz uvodne i zaključne napomene ovaj je rad podijeljen na dva poglavlja. U prvom poglavlju pod naslovom Božje vlastitosti ili savršenosti istražuju se, prema izlaganju Stjepana Zimmermanna, Božje vlastitosti ili savršenosti. Božje su vlastitosti savršene, dok su vlastitosti stvorenih bića nesavršene i o Bogu ovisne. U drugom poglavlju rada, koje je naslovljeno Božja providnost, prikazuje se ponajprije Zimmermannovo izlaganje o trima Božjim nenužnim vlastitostima, a to su stvoritelj, uzdržavatelj i upravitelj. Nakon ovoga prelazi se na govor o Božjoj providnosti u Božjem umu. Za Zimmermanna je jasno da određenje svrhe svijeta i provedba te svrhe u svijetu jesu vječni zakon u Božjem umu te ga je moguće nazvati i promisao Božja ili providnost. Ta Božja providnost, unatoč prisutnosti različitih zala u svijetu, upravlja životom svijeta i čovjeka, a konačni joj je cilj čovjekova sreća.
Od duše do identiteta
Authors: Kardum Goran
Published: November 2024

Cilj ovoga rada je pokazati kako je suvremeno učestalo korištenje pojma identiteta i teorija identiteta povezano s dva procesa, ponajprije kao posljedica konačnog odmicanja od pojma duše te potom propagiranjem selfa u psihologiji 20. stoljeća. Identitet i teorije identiteta kovanica su 20. stoljeća, kao posljedica navedenih procesa koji su im prethodili gotovo dva stoljeća prije. U radu je korištena metodologija sustavnog pregleda baza podataka Google, WoS i PsycINFO. Analiza korištenja pojmova u posljednja dva stoljeća u engleskom govornom području jasno pokazuje postupno opadanje udjela ključne riječi soul, a porasta čestine uporabe pojma self i identity. Kvantitativna analiza korištenja pojma identiteta u WoS bazi podataka na kraju 20. i u prvoj četvrtini 21. stoljeća, pokazuje najveću povezanost s pojmom identifikacije, selfa, socijalnog identiteta, roda. Sagledavanje identiteta postaje složeno i rezultati analize korespondencije pokazuju složeno grupiranje pojmova povezanih s identitetom. U PsycINFO bazi podataka uočene su manje promjene u vremenu u udjelu korištenja pojmova nego u WoS i Google bazi podataka. Rezultati sustavnog pregleda pokazuju kako je identitet najmanje povezan s religijom i duhovnosti. Navedeni rezultati upućuju na mogući zaključak kako su identitet i srodni pojmovi nastali kako bi se popunila svojevrsna pojmovna praznina napuštanjem metafizičke prirode psihologije
Nacionalni i vjerski pogledi Ive Mašine
Authors: Dundović Zdenko , Njavro Hrvoje
Published: November 2024

U radu se donosi prikaz nacionalnih i vjerskih stavova Ive Mašine, koji su bili poticaj njegovu aktivizmu u društveno–političkom području. Članak donosi životopis istaknutog vjernika laika, Ive Mašine, čiji je život, unatoč komunističkoj vladavini, bio obilježen načelom vjernosti Bogu i čovjeku. Ljubav prema Bogu, ljudima i Hrvatskoj su vrednote koje su krasile Mašinu. Na njegova stajališta, o odnosu države–nacije i katoličke vjere, utjecala su znanja, koja je stekao tijekom studija povijesti, ali i katolički odgoj u obitelj. Stoga, članak proučava razmišljanje povjesničara i vjernika Mašine na političko-društvene odnose hrvatskih prostora u 20. stoljeću. Osim toga, u radu se prikazuje njegovo vjerničko djelovanje, koje se temeljilo na življenju kršćanske ljubavi i socijalnog nauka Crkve.
Avaliação do controle de qualidade em cápsulas de ômega-3 de diferentes marcas
Authors: Santos Júnior Eloy Alves dos , Nogueira Caroline Vilas-Bôas Patrocínio , Mota Isabela Leal Carneiro , Andrade Lorena Silva Matos
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho avalia quatro parâmetros controle de qualidade em cápsulas de ômega-3 de diferentes marcas. A metodologia envolve uma pesquisa experimental com testes de peso médio, tempo de desintegração, índice de acidez e resíduo por incineração. Foram selecionadas três marcas distintas, classificadas como K, Y e Z, com base em custo e certificações de qualidade, garantindo a variedade dos produtos analisados. O referencial teórico inclui estudos sobre a composição e biodisponibilidade dos ácidos graxos EPA e DHA (Moura et al., 2006; Neubronner et al., 2010) e as normas da ANVISA para suplementos alimentares (Brasil, 2018, 2019). Os dados revelam que todas as amostras atenderam aos padrões estabelecidos pela 6ª edição da Farmacopeia Brasileira (Brasil, 2019). A marca K, com certificação IFOS, obteve os melhores resultados de estabilidade e pureza, enquanto a marca Z, sem certificação, apresentou maior variação no tempo de desintegração. Conclui-se que, apesar das variações entre as marcas, todas cumpriram satisfatoriamente os critérios de qualidade exigidos. No entanto, destaca-se a necessidade de reforçar a regulamentação e fiscalização desses produtos para garantir a segurança e eficácia para o consumidor. Estudos recentes relacionam o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e alterações no metabolismo lipídico, com destaque para a desproporção entre ômega-6 e ômega-3. Ressalta-se que, os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (AGPIs) têm papel além de simples componentes estruturais, dada sua relevância em processos imunológicos, metabólicos e neurológicos. Assim, este estudo contribui para a discussão sobre a importância do controle de qualidade em suplementos alimentares e a necessidade de padronização contínua no setor.
Elaboração e validação de protocolo clínico para assistência de pacientes pós-transplante renal pediátrico em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Lopes Daniela Saraiva Guerra , Gallindo Rodrigo Melo , Silva Angélica Xavier da , Araújo Iracy de Oliveira , Ribeiro Cássio Tâmara , Genésio Paula Andrea dos Santos
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Elaborar e validar um protocolo clínico para assistência pós-operatória de Transplante Renal Pediátrico em ambiente de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) pediátrica. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo metodológico de elaboração e validação de protocolo em três etapas: i) revisão sistemática da literatura, ii) elaboração textual do protocolo clínico baseado nas evidências científicas, na experiência da equipe de transplante e na realidade do serviço, iii) validação do conteúdo do protocolo por meio da análise de juízes-especialistas, sendo estes médicos pediatras plantonistas da UTI pediátrica do serviço, com no mínimo 2 anos de experiência. Para a validação do protocolo foi utilizada a técnica Delphi, por meio de um instrumento com escala de Likert, através do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC), tendo como ponto de corte 90% de concordância geral e 78% de concordância para cada um dos itens avaliados. Resultados: Durante a revisão da literatura, foram selecionados 65 artigos para a construção do protocolo inicial, estruturado em cinco tópicos, desde a admissão em UTI até os critérios de alta, passando pelas principais complicações neste período. Após ajustes quanto ao conteúdo e design, o protocolo seguiu para validação do conteúdo, realizada pelos 11 juízes-especialistas, com IVC geral de 96% já em primeira rodada, ademais todos os itens avaliados também apresentaram concordância acima do ponto de corte definido. Conclusão: Foi criado e validado o “Protocolo Clínico de Assistência ao Transplante Renal Pediátrico em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva”, um instrumento destinado à equipe médica que realiza o suporte a crianças e adolescentes transplantados no seu período mais crítico, o pós-operatório inicial. O protocolo define as bases para o manejo adequado destes pacientes, orientando a prática clínica. O instrumento ainda abrange o diagnóstico e tratamento das complicações mais frequentes no período, além das dosagens e formas de administração das medicações mais utilizadas, atingindo seu propósito de facilitar condução clínica do paciente pediátrico transplantado renal.