bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Voices of the Future: A Healing Ethno-Racial Trauma Approach to Financial
Education within African American Communities
Authors: Brinston Tonia , Bryant Chalandra M. , Powell Sharon E , Serido Joyce
Published: May 2024

In this article, we describe the process we adopted in
designing a financial education intervention situated within the cultural and systemic
realities of structural racism in Black communities and offer new insights on conducting
financial education that addresses healing from ethno-racial trauma. We adopted a
community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach and assembled a Community Led
Advisory (CLA) group to discuss how to address social and economic inequalities in
teaching financial education. Specifically, we sought to address the psychological
consequences of racism, income scarcity, and other forms of economic distress and what
it means for people’s lives and their everyday ability to make sound financial
decisions. By directly addressing how systemic barriers have hindered the ability to
build wealth, we allow individuals to relinquish self-blame/shame about their financial
circumstances. Relinquishment of self-blame/shame (which is energy-consuming)
facilitates a shift in energy that enables individuals to focus on learning how to make
better financial decisions. In addition to the results of the pilot, we include a
discussion of the lessons we learned, our suggestions, and next steps for applying the
approach for wider use.
Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Potential of PEGylated Chitosan-Based Nano-Antibiotics Against Multidrug-Resistant E Coli Strains
Authors: Ambreen Saadia , Sajid Ayesha , Naseer Omera , Ikram Aamer , Imran Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health burden in the contemporary world, imposing high levels of mortality, morbidity, and financial losses annually. Escherichia coli is a widespread food and waterborne pathogen causing severe ailments. In the current study, chitosan (CS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) based hybrid nanosystems were developed and their intrinsic and synergistic (with antibiotics) antibacterial activity was assessed against multidrug-resistant E. coli strains. Enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enterotoxigenic (ETEC) strains of E. coli exhibited resistance against multiple classes of antibiotics. PEGylated CS nanosystems demonstrated higher encapsulation efficiency for ciprofloxacin (61.3 ± 0.76%), compared to ceftriaxone encapsulation (49.4 ± 0.52%). Scanning electron microscopy revealed a smooth surface and homogenous distribution of void and loaded nanosystems.  Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra indicated no new chemical bonding and change in functional groups therefore it can be said antibiotics were successfully incorporated into the nanosystems by electrostatic interactions. Growth kinetics and colony forming unit (CFU) assay revealed restored activity of antibiotics encapsulated in hybrid PEGylated CS nano-conjugates against resistant E. coli strains. Furthermore, PEGylated CS hybrid nanosystems with intrinsic activity effectively curbed the biofilm formation in EPEC and ETEC strains. For future biopharmaceutical manufacturing, we propose that PEGylated CS hybrid nanosystems can be a potential therapy against resistant E. coli and biofilm-associated chronic illnesses.
Search for Natural Remedies for the Treatment of Salmonella Typhi Infections
Authors: Saleem Nida , Shahid Tehreem
Published: May 2024

Typhoid is a major public health threat, particularly in areas lacking access to clean water, proper nutrition, and hygienic practices. The emergence of antibiotic resistance, inaccessibility of vaccines to the global south, and asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) have made tackling the scourge of typhoid a major challenge. Plant-based antimicrobial compounds have opened a new avenue for effectively managing typhoid by minimizing drug-related side effects and targeting the resistant strains of typhoidal salmonella cost-effectively. This review article contains many such candidates, who can potentially modify the typhoid treatment guidelines like Azadirachta indica, Canarium schweinfurthii-derived scopoletin, and Punic granatum, and those that target the resistant strains of S. typhi, like Amaranthus hybridus, and Quercus infectoria and Phyllanthus emblica. The article will also shed light on the challenges and promises associated with phytocompound extraction and standardization as the researchers navigate the uncharted waters of alternative medicinal sources.
Editor's Summaries of the Articles Published in This Issue of Precision Medicine Communications
Authors: Editorial Staff
Published: May 2024

In this issue, Rehman et al., investigate the possible association of genetic polymorphisms with the antiplatelet response to clopidogrel, Ullah and his colleagues review the single nucleotide polymorphism-based algorithms for warfarin dosing,  Halima et al., discussed the Parkinson’s disease treatment and the role of genetic polymorphisms in the efficacy and adverse effects, and Inzemam and his colleagues reviewed the pharmacogenetics of fluoxetine, specifically discussing the genetic effects on its efficacy and adverse effects during treatment of the major depressive disorder.
Cytochrome CYP2B6 Gene Polymorphism and Urinary Adverse Effects in Pakistani Breast Cancer Patients taking Cyclophosphamide
Authors: Ijaz Muhammad , Shahzad Zunaira , Ahmad Taseer
Published: May 2024

The use of cyclophosphamide is associated with renal and urinary adverse effects in some patients. Whether CYP2B6 gene polymorphism has anything to do with it is not very well known in the context of the Pakistani population. In this investigation, we studied the possible association between the single nucleotide polymorphism in cytochrome P450 2B6 and urinary adverse effects in a Pakistani cohort of breast cancer patients receiving cyclophosphamide as a part of therapy. In this cohort study, gene polymorphism of the CYP2B6 gene (CYP2B6 *6) of 51 histologically verified breast cancer patients were performed by using PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism. Our results show that among the patients with wild type (GG) genotype, about 78 % of patients did not experience any renal adverse effects while about 22% did. In patients heterozygous for the polymorphic genotype (GT), more than 81% did not complain of any renal adverse effects while only 18% showed renal toxicity. The group with TT genotype showed the highest fraction of patients experiencing renal adverse effects (25%). However, Chi-squared analysis did not reveal any association with renal adverse effects and with GT or TT genotype. Even when the analysis was repeated with merging genotypes GT and TT, there was no statistically significant difference between the wild type and GT+TT group. This study concludes that CYP2B6*6 is not associated with renal adverse effects in Pakistani breast cancer patients who are taking cyclophosphamide.
Editor's Summaries of the Articles Published in This Issue of Precision Medicine Communications
Authors: Editorial Staff
Published: May 2024

In this issue, Ijaz et al, investigated the association of cytochrome CYP2B6 gene polymorphism and urinary adverse effects in Pakistani breast cancer patients taking cyclophosphamide, Ullah and colleagues reviewed the genetic variants affecting efficacy and adverse effects of the standard of care treatment in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia, Siraj et al, compiled and discussed studies showing genotype-related efficacy and side effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in patients with the major depressive disorder, Qayyum and colleagues studied the association between cytochrome P450 2C9 gene polymorphisms and blood pressure in response to losartan, and Javed and Akmal reviewed the hepatic adverse effects of anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis drugs and their associations with various genetic variants.
Blood Direct PCR for Detection of CYP2C19 and CYP4F2 Variants
Authors: Editorial Staff
Published: May 2024

Tatarunas et al, intended to develop and introduce into clinical practice a technique that can rapidly determine CYP2C19 rs4244285 and CTP4F2 rs3093135 genotypes from blood samples of patients. They recruited 144 consecutive patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction for their study. Real-time PCR and Blood-direct PCR were performed to identify the variants. Their results show that CYP2C19 GG (*1*1) was more common in patients with an increased frequency of bleeding events. Patients who still had bleeding problems after 3 months of hospitalization had a higher frequency of the CYP4F2 TT variant. Per Med. 2022 May;19(3):207-217.
The Genetic Influence on the Antihypertensive and Uricosuric Actions of Losartan
Authors: Aamir Eman , Siddiqui Hareem Arif , Haroon Aemen
Published: May 2024

Hypertension (HTN), a globally prevalent non-communicable chronic disease (NCCD), is an international health concern. HTN has multifaceted pathogenesis with a varied prevalence across the globe. Excessive oxidative stress is the underlying cause of imbalance of the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) leading to elevated blood pressure (BP). Evidence-based medicine (EBM) along with suitable lifestyle modifications assists in managing the disease, lowering the risk of disease-associated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Losartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), is one of the first-line drugs available. One of the complications of HTN is hyperuricemia, a metamorphosis in urate homeostasis. Studies have highlighted the uricosuric action of losartan along with its antihypertensive effects. However, varied therapeutic outcomes are observed in patients due to genetic polymorphisms based on different ethnical backgrounds. The present review focuses on the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the degree to which they affect losartan’s antihypertensive and serum uric acid (SUA) lowering effects.
Inhibition of Tau by Phytocompounds and Extracts from Medicinal Plants
Authors: Altaf Aisha , Zargham Muhammad Kazim , HUssain Abrar , Lail Amanullah , Sheikh Fahad Sultan , Hanif Bangash Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, an irreversible neurodegenerative disease that worsens over time. It frequently affects the elderly population, and, therefore, its prevalence is soaring in countries with a high proportion of the aging population. The incidence of AD is likely to increase further with increasing life expectancy throughout the world. There is still no sight of therapies that could stop or slow the progression of AD despite the significant expansion in our understanding of the disease at molecular, cellular, and system levels in the last 50 years.  The only medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of AD are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine, tacrine, and rivastigmine) and glutamate receptor antagonist (memantine). Apart from acetylcholinesterase inhibition, another important therapeutic target for treating AD is the inhibition of hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins leading to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. Extensive research following this approach has led to the rationally designed synthetic and potent tau inhibitors, several of which are in clinical trials. However, a high failure rate of the tau inhibitors in the clinical trials necessitates finding a different source of tau inhibitors. In this review, we discuss the most promising phytocompounds and plant extracts showing potent tau inhibitory activities. Future research directions are suggested, and recommendations are made to expand the use of medicinal plants and their formulations to prevent, mitigate and treat AD.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine for the Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Ibrahim Ahsan , Bashir Fawad , Ali Sajid , Rehman Bisma , Ain Qura Tul
Published: May 2024

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, a fatal infectious disease, is a grave issue from a global perspective. The current treatments with ribavirin, pegylated interferon, and direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have been efficacious for years. However, toxicities, adverse drug reactions, and the development of resistance have created a need for discovering new molecules to treat HCV infection. Medicinal plants contain many constituents that provide potent activity against HCV. Natural remedies have given encouraging outcomes in terms of being reliable anti-HCV agents. Recently, in-vitro and in-vivo experiments have confirmed the anti-HCV potential of many phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, glycosides, and many other secondary metabolites. Many of these compounds prevent the entry of HCV into the liver cells, while some of them inhibit the viral replication process within the host cells. Silymarin is a significant discovery for HCV treatment from Silybum marianum. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate extracted from Camellia sinensis, Rutin obtained from Prunus domestica, and some other constituents have also provided propitious results with respect to their anti-HCV activity. Similarly, research is underway to discover more such natural products with potential activity against HCV without notable toxicity. The pharmacokinetics of these phytochemicals may be refined by applying nanomedicine to overcome the limitations of phytochemical therapy.
Prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Symptoms in Excavator Machine Drivers in District Swat, Pakistan
Authors: Hidayat Ullah Syed , Mustafa Muhammad , Khan Asheefa , Khan Salman
Published: May 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of carpel tunnel syndrome (CTS) symptoms among excavator machine drivers in the district of Swat, Pakistan.  The duration of the research study was six months and the data was collected within two months. Data was collected by a CTS diagnostic questionnaire. The sample size calculated for the research study was 292. A convenience sampling technique was used in this study.  There were 3 categories of diagnostic CTS questionnaire in which 10(3.4%) fell in unlikely CTS (1-2 score category-1), 134(45%) fell in the suggested possibility of CTS (3-4 score category-2) and 148(50.7%) fell in strongly suggestive of CTS (5 or more score category-3). The mean and standard deviation of CTS symptoms among excavator driver participants was 2.4726±0.56465. We observed an association between CTS symptoms and excavator machine drivers through the Chi-square test. The results of this study demonstrate a high prevalence of CTS symptoms among excavator machine drivers in the district of Swat, Pakistan.
Hummers’ method-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation enables the fabrication of few-layer borophene from bulk boron
Authors: Semih Bingöl Mehmet , YILMAZ MEHMET , KASAPOĞLU AHMET EMRE
Published: May 2024

The fabrication of few-layer borophene (BP) from bulk boron (b-B) is of great importance and still a scientific challenge due to the complex structure and crystallinity of b-B. Herein, we propose a novel technique to prepare a few-layer BP on a large scale with a large lateral size in a well-controlled manner. For this, we employed the Hummers’ method-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation. In the first step, the chemical exfoliation of the b-B as a precursor was performed by the modified Hummers’ method. After chemical exfoliation, mechanical delamination was employed by using an immersion sonicator. Finally, BP sheets were collected with dimensions ranging from several hundred nanometers to a few micrometers and an average thickness of 4.2 nm. We envision that the proposed low-cost, flexible, and large-scale production method will provide unique advantages for the application of few-layer BP in the realization of high-performance electronics, optoelectronics, flexible devices, sensing systems, energy conversion, and storage devices.
Supramolecular solvent-based-vortex-assisted-dispersive liquid liquid microextraction of Sudan Black B in food samples prior to spectrophotometric detection
Authors: EREK FİGEN , TÜZEN MUSTAFA
Published: May 2024

A new, simple and rapid spectrophotometric method was developed for determination of Sudan Black B in food products by supramolecular solvent-based-vortex-assisted-dispersive liquid liquid microextraction (SUPRAS-VA-DLLME). Extraction solvent type, volume of solvent, pH, volume of THF, centrifugation time, vortex time, and sample volume were investigated as optimization parameters of the developed method. Under the optimum conditions, limit of detection and limit of quantification, preconcentration factor and enhancement factor of the developed method were calculated to be 9.01 µg L–1, 29.73 µg L–1, 20, and 55, respectively. The developed microextraction method was successfully applied to food samples for the determination of Sudan Black B.
Investigation of benzoic acid and sorbic acid concentrations in tomato paste, pepper paste, ketchup, mayonnaise, and barbeque sauce samples by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Authors: DESTANOĞLU ORHAN
Published: May 2024

In this study, it was aimed at investigating benzoic acid (BA) and sorbic acid (SoA) concentrations in tomato paste, pepper paste, ketchup, mayonnaise, and barbeque sauce samples by a validated static headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Salicylic acid (SalA) was used as internal standard and the measurements were conducted in the wide linear concentration ranges of BA and SoA which were 2.5–5000 and 12.5–5000, respectively. The limit of detections (LODs) were determined to be 1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg while the limit of quantifications (LOQs) were 2.5 and 12.5 mg/kg for BA and SoA, respectively. The average recovery% values of BA and SoA were found to be 98.5% and 98.7% in an open tomato paste sample while these values were 98.7% and 100.3% in a mayonnaise sample, respectively. Accuracy of the proposed method was confirmed by statistically (significance test) evaluating excellent recovery values. In real samples, while the results of the canned tomato pastes and industrial sauce samples were found suitable, BA and SoA ​​were determined in some tomato and pepper paste products sold under the traditional or homemade name although use of the preservatives in the pastes were prohibited. It is vital for public health to prevent adulteration in pastes which is indispensable for Turkish cuisine as well as prevalently consumed in the world. Therefore, the proposed method can be used in food control laboratories due to its reliability and consumption of much less toxic chemical reagents.
The Catholic Modernity of Pope Benedict XVI: Healthy Secularity and Christian Jurisprudence
Authors: Calo Zachary
Published: May 2024

This article examines the concept of healthy secularity in the thought of Pope Benedict XVI. In developing the idea of healthy secularity, Benedict builds upon longstanding themes in Catholic social thought while also provoking a deeper engagement with western modernity. Rather than placing Christianity and the secular in an oppositional framework, Benedict positions Christianity as the foundation of an authentic secular order. In so doing, he opens up new modes of critical engagement with western legal and political thought. Yet, while the concept offers a creative theological method for addressing contemporary issues, it depends for its realisation on vanishing cultural resources that are being eroded by the very secular order he aims to heal.
Intervención nutricional en deportistas de alto rendimiento con anemia
Authors: Tuaza Manobanda María José , Guevara Villacís Mishelts Vanessa
Published: May 2024

La nutrición deportiva, una ciencia en constante evolución, se centra en proporcionar a los atletas los nutrientes necesarios para entrenamiento, competición, recuperación y descanso. Esto incluye energía adecuada, macronutrientes para la reparación muscular y micronutrientes para el rendimiento físico. La anemia del deporte es una preocupación, caracterizada por niveles bajos de hemoglobina (Hb) que pueden afectar el rendimiento. La anemia ferropénica, causada por deficiencia de hierro (Fe), es común en atletas y puede afectar la capacidad del cuerpo para transportar oxígeno. El ejercicio intenso puede inducir cambios en el sistema hematológico, contribuyendo a esta anemia aparente. La ingesta y biodisponibilidad de Fe son fundamentales, destacando la importancia de combinar alimentos ricos en Fe con potenciadores de absorción y evitar inhibidores como el té y el calcio. En mujeres deportistas, los altos niveles de hepcidina pueden inhibir la absorción de hierro, especialmente durante el ayuno intermitente, lo que aumenta el riesgo de anemia y problemas menstruales. Los deportistas, especialmente las mujeres, tienen mayores requerimientos de Fe debido a las pérdidas durante la menstruación y el aumento del metabolismo. Por lo tanto, una atención especial a la ingesta de Fe es crucial para mantener un rendimiento óptimo en el deporte.
Perdas nas etapas pós-colheita do pré-processamento: um panorama atual da logística brasileira
Authors: Pimentel Fernando Campos , Pereira Junior Cleiton Cesar da Silva , Souza Amanda de Oliveira , Silva Laurielly Maria Itacarambi da , Campos Flávio Arantes , Araujo Daiany de Almeida , Vanin Lígia Gabriela de Sá , Sousa Wendel Cruvinel de , Freitas Diego Antonio França de
Published: May 2024

A produção agrícola no Brasil desempenha um papel crucial na segurança alimentar nacional e global, mas as perdas pós-colheita continuam a ser um desafio significativo. Este artigo revisa as perdas qualitativas e quantitativas durante as etapas de pré-processamento. A pesquisa, baseada na metodologia PRISMA, resultou na seleção de 20 artigos. O estudo destaca estratégias recentes para mitigação de perdas pós-colheita, o manejo pós-colheita, inovações tecnológicas, logísticas e práticas sustentáveis. Os procedimentos de armazenamento de grãos são responsáveis por mais de 50% das perdas agrícolas. Para mitigar essas perdas, é enfatizada a importância de estratégias integradas, tecnologias avançadas e práticas sustentáveis durante as etapas pós-colheita. A colaboração entre os setores da logística de produtos agrícolas é vista como essencial para abordar esse desafio complexo e aprimorar a segurança alimentar global.
Tema Utama Cerpen Profetik menurut Respon Mahasiswa Baru
Authors: Elmustian  , Rasdana Oki , Alfalah Adib
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: 1) tema utama cerpen profetik ‘Sebelah Apel’ menurut respon mahasiswa baru; 2) tema utama cerpen profetik ‘Juraij’ menurut respon mahasiswa baru. Penelitian dilaksanakan di awal semester ganjil 2023/2024 yang bertempat di Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Universitas Riau. Populasi penelitian adalah para mahasiswa baru yang melakukan submit di google form. Mereka berjumlah 87 mahasiswa yang terbagi dari 3 kelas yakni kelas 2023A, kelas 2023B, dan kelas 2023C. Sampel ditetapkan sebanyak 72 mahasiswa yang dipilih secara random dari setiap kelompok populasi. Untuk mengumpulkan data tema utama cerpen profetik ‘Sebelah Apel’ menurut respon mahasiswa baru digunakan kuesioner versi google form dalam bentuk kuesioner tertutup 5 opsi. Opsi yang dimaksud: 1) ikhlas menerima setiap keputusan; 2) menerima menantu atas dasar ketaqwaan; 3) tidak malu mengaku salah saat sadar berbuat salah; 4) patuh kepada perintah agama melalui orang tua yang taat; 5) pekerja yang sangat amanah dalam melaksanakan pekerjaan. Opsi tema utama untuk ‘Juraij’: 1) dendam membuat seseorang berupaya untuk membalasnya; 2) perkataan orang tua selalu makbul; 3) pemuda taat menjalankan ibadah; 4) kesaksian memukau dapat menyelamatkan seseorang dari tuduh keji; 5) penggembala yang mudah tergoda. Untuk memvalidasi data dan hasil analisis data digunakan daftar cek-ricek dengan sistem triangulasi waktu. Data tema utama cerpen profetik ‘Sebelah Apel’ menurut respon mahasiswa baru dianalisis menggunakan prosedur statistik deskriptif yang prinsip yakni modus dan persen. Hasil penelitian: 1) tema utama cerpen profetik ‘Sebelah Apel’ menurut respon mahasiswa baru adalah patuh kepada perintah agama melalui perintah orang tua; 2) tema utama cerpen profetik ‘Juraij’ menurut respon mahasiswa baru adalah kesaksian memukau dapat menyelamatkan seseorang dari tuduhan keji.
Rencana dan Hasil Pembelajaran Keterampilan Membaca Teks Deskripsi Menggunakan Teknik Tugas Menyalin melalui Media LKPD
Authors: Rostiana Hj. Nina , Fitri Yunia
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: 1) RPP yang berisi aspek indikator keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik bagi siswa kelas 5, kegiatan belajar-mengajar keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik menggunakan teknik tes pilihan ganda opsi unik, dan tes keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik bentuk pilihan ganda 4 opsi; 2) hasil belajar keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas 5 SDS Muhammadiyah 2 Jakarta; berlangsung pada awal semester genap 2023/2024. Populasi berjumlah 19 siswa yang mengikuti kegiatan belajar keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik menggunakan teknik tes pilihan ganda opsi unik. Sampel ditetapkan sebanyak 18 siswa yang dipilih secara random tanpa pengembalian. Untuk pedoman pembelajaran digunakan RPP yang berisi aspek: 1) indikator keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik bagi siswa kelas 5; 2) kegiatan belajar-mengajar keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik menggunakan teknik tes pilihan ganda opsi unik; 3) tes keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik bentuk pilihan ganda 4 opsi. Instrumen tes disusun mengikuti spesifikasi tes sehingga syarat validitas terpenuhi. Data memntah hasil tes diolah dengan cara memberi skor 1 untuk setiap jawaban benar, tetapi skor 0 untuk jawaban salah. Data mentah dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif yakni prinsip mean, pers
Pembelajaran Keterampilan Pantun Berbasis Teks Naratif Menggunakan T3M
Authors: Halil Muamar Abd. , Hilmi Hubbi Saufan
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: 1) RPP yang berisi aspek indikator keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik bagi siswa kelas 5, kegiatan belajar-mengajar keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik menggunakan teknik tes pilihan ganda opsi unik, dan tes keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik bentuk pilihan ganda 4 opsi; 2) hasil belajar keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas 5 SDS Muhammadiyah 2 Jakarta; berlangsung pada awal semester genap 2023/2024. Populasi berjumlah 19 siswa yang mengikuti kegiatan belajar keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik menggunakan teknik tes pilihan ganda opsi unik. Sampel ditetapkan sebanyak 18 siswa yang dipilih secara random tanpa pengembalian. Untuk pedoman pembelajaran digunakan RPP yang berisi aspek: 1) indikator keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik bagi siswa kelas 5; 2) kegiatan belajar-mengajar keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik menggunakan teknik tes pilihan ganda opsi unik; 3) tes keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik bentuk pilihan ganda 4 opsi. Instrumen tes disusun mengikuti spesifikasi tes sehingga syarat validitas terpenuhi. Data memntah hasil tes diolah dengan cara memberi skor 1 untuk setiap jawaban benar, tetapi skor 0 untuk jawaban salah. Data mentah dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif yakni prinsip mean, persen, dan simpangan baku. Hasil penelitian: 1) RPP berisi 10 indikator tersurat dan tersirat, 17 jenis kegiatan belajar-mengajar keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik menggunakan teknik tes pilihan ganda opsi unik, dan seperangkat tes keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik bentuk pilihan ganda 4 opsi berjumlah 10 soal; 2) hasil belajar keterampilan membaca teks cerpen profetik termasuk dalam kategori tinggi.
DOŚWIADCZENIA POLSKI I INNYCH KRAJÓW EUROPY ZACHODNIEJ DOTYCZĄCE ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚCI SPOŁECZNOŚCI LOKALNYCH ZA FUNKCJONOWANIE SYSTEMU PENITENCJARNEGO
Authors: Bałandynowicz Andrzej
Published: May 2024

Na przełomie XX i XXI wieku prawo winno optować za rozwiązaniami uwzgledniającymi myślenie poznawcze w kategoriach paradygmatu całości a nie części oraz paradygmatu rozwiązującego w sposób realny racjonalny, materialno-duchowy i systemowy problemy związane z odpowiedzialnością karną i realizacją praktyki penitencjarnej – a nie poddawaniem tych zagadnień wnioskowaniu i wartościowaniu na poziomie ocen sądów i wyobrażeń właściwej inteligencji subiektywnej. Podstawową zmianą powinna być dywersyfikacja sprawiedliwości każącej, poprzez wprowadzenie do ustawodawstwa i polityki kryminalnej dywersyfikacji środków penalnych z uwzględnieniem kar średniej mocy, kar wolnościowych czy sankcji społecznych. Tego rodzaju przewartościowania epistemologiczne w prawie pozwalają realizować koncepcję stosowania kar poprzez procedurę resocjalizacji z udziałem społeczeństwa. Wizja wprowadzenia resocjalizacji z udziałem społeczeństwa pozwala na poziomie orzecznictwa a nade wszystko wykonywania środków karnych dokonywać jakościowych zmian wiążących się z procesami: deizolacji wewnętrznej i zewnętrznej oraz udziału osób trzecich jako profesjonalistów w sferze praktyki penitencjarnej.
SŁUŻBA WIĘZIENNA W SYSTEMIE BEZPIECZEŃSTWA NARODOWEGO – WYBRANE ASPEKTY
Authors: Roman Łukasz , Cygańczuk Krzysztof
Published: May 2024

Zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa państwa oraz jego obywateli należy do żywotnych interesów narodowych Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Bezpieczeństwo narodowe oznacza zdolność państwa i jego społeczeństwa do zapewnienia warunków jego istnienia i rozwoju, integralności terytorialnej, niezależności politycznej, stabilności wewnętrznej oraz jakości życia. Zdolność ta jest kształtowana poprzez działania polegające na wykorzystaniu szans, podejmowaniu wyzwań, redukowaniu ryzyka oraz eliminowaniu zagrożeń zewnętrznych i wewnętrznych, co zapewnia trwanie, tożsamość, funkcjonowanie i swobody rozwojowe państwa i narodu (społeczeństwa). Służba Więzienna jest umundurowaną i uzbrojoną formacją apolityczną podległą Ministrowi Sprawiedliwości, a jej paramilitarny charakter nadaje jej własną, choć zbliżoną do wojskowej strukturę organizacyjną. Więziennictwo pełni istotną rolę w działaniach podejmowanych na rzecz zapewnienia porządku i bezpieczeństwa publicznego. Chroni społeczeństwo przed sprawcami przestępstw osadzonymi w zakładach karnych i aresztach śledczych, nie tylko izolując ich od społeczeństwa, ale przygotowując do poprawnego w nim funkcjonowania, bez wchodzenia w konflikt z prawem, powstrzymywania się od powrotu do przestępstwa, prowadząc oddziaływania resocjalizacyjne i readaptacyjne.Służba Więzienna pełniąc bardzo ważną funkcję w strukturach bezpieczeństwa państwa, współpracuje z innymi formacjami mundurowymi: Policją, Strażą Pożarną, Strażą Graniczną, ABW, CBA, Siłami Zbrojnymi. W realizacji zadań resocjalizacyjnych współdziała ze stowarzyszeniami, organizacjami pożytku publicznego i instytucjami, kościołami i związkami wyznaniowymi, kuratorami. Opracowanie ma na celu przedstawienie identyfikacji bezpieczeństwa jako fundamentalnej wartości, charakterystyki systemu bezpieczeństwa narodowego oraz przybliżenie charakterystyki i zakresu działania Służby Więziennej oraz ukazanie jej roli w systemie bezpieczeństwa narodowego.
PCR amplification, sequencing, and in silico analysis of holandric genes TSPYand SRY in Nili Ravi buffalo
Authors: SINGH SANDEEP , SINGH RANBIR , MUKHOPADHYAY C S
Published: May 2024

The present work has been designed to study the evolutionary perspectives of two important holandric genes, namely, testis-specific protein, Y-encoded (TSPY), and sex determining region, Y-encoded (SRY) in Nili Ravi buffalo. These Y-chromosomal genes are responsible for male sex development. The evolutionary aspects of these genes have not been studied in the Nili Ravi buffaloes from India. A study was carried out on the peripheral blood samples of three adult Nili Ravi bulls belonging to university farm. DNA was extracted using the phenol-chloroform isoamyl alcohol (PCI) technique and reported primer sequences were used to amplify the genes (partially) using a thermocycler. Three biological samples were analyzed using Sanger sequencing and were aligned using Clustal Omega. Separate phylogenetic trees for the genes were constructed using MEGA7 software. The selection pressure analysis and evolutionary divergence were individually studied for each of the genes. The current study reports the partial TSPY and SRY gene sequences of Indian Nili Ravi buffalo. Besides, the molecular evolution analysis indicates that the genes have experienced some purifying selection during the evolutionary process. Molecular characterization of these holandric genes (TSPY and SRY) in Nili Ravi will find applications in sex determination in Nili Ravi and other buffaloes.
Development of one-step reverse transcription PCR assay for detection of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus in pigs
Authors: SINGH FATEH , RAJUKUMAR KATHERUKAMEM , SENTHILKUMAR DHANAPAL , VENKATESH GOVINDARAJULU , SUDHAKAR SHASHI BHUSHAN , SINGH VIJENDRA PAL , SANYAL ANIKET
Published: May 2024

The present study aimed to develop an in-house one-step reverse transcription (RT) PCR assay as a diagnostic preparedness for the detection of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) in pigs. Primers and gene construct targeting the nucleoprotein gene of PEDV were designed and synthesised. In vitro transcribed (IVT) RNA synthesised from linearised plasmid DNA containing the gene of interest was used as the positive control for the development of the RT-PCR assay. The RT-PCR protocol was optimised using different concentrations of molecular reagents, the gradient of annealing temperatures and other thermal cycling conditions. Analytical sensitivity of the RT-PCR assay was determined using 10-fold serial dilutions of the IVT-RNA directly and of the RNA extracted from swine faeces spiked with the IVT- RNA. The developed RT-PCR assay had analytical sensitivity of 939 and 2682 RNA copies at 10-7 and 10-6 dilutions in IVT-RNA directly and RNA extracted from spiked faeces, respectively. The RT-PCR assay was found to be specific for PEDV, without any amplification for classical swine fever virus, swine influenza virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and transmissible gastroenteritis virus. All the known negative field faecal samples (n=126) of pigs tested negative by the developed RT-PCR. The one-step RT-PCR assay developed in the present study will be highly useful in specific diagnosis of the disease in the event of its future ingression, and will also aid in monitoring of PED in Indian swine population.
Surgical management of supracondylar femur fracture using rush pinning technique in dogs
Authors: KUMAR AKSHAY , KUMAR AMIT , RANA YUDHVIR , KAUSHAL SARA , KUMAR ROHIT , TYAGI S P , KUMAR ADARSH , NAGPAL AHAN
Published: May 2024

Supracondylar femur fracture in twelve dogs were managed using rush pinning technique. Post-operative radiographs displayed good anatomical alignment and reduction of fracture fragments without any pin migration. All the eight dogs showed normal gait without any limp on last reappraisal day. Rush pinning yielded good clinical outcomes in the management of supracondylar femur fractures with minimum complications.
Study of goat rearing systems and their impact on young goat production in the Sahelian zone of Africa: The case of West Mayo-Kebbi, Chad
Authors: NAJJAR AMEL , ZAHIIKY KYEBLOUABÉ SIGNABOUBO , ZEUH VOUNPARET , GASMI-BOUBAKER AZIZA , KHALDI SANA
Published: May 2024

The present study was conducted in the province of West Mayo Kebbi–Chad, and involved 96 goat farmers covering 3599 animals belonging to the local breed. Production performances of kids raised for butchery were estimated based on their kidding mode (simple, double, or triple), their mortality rate, and their age at weaning. Present findings showed the pinpointing of two main goats rearing systems: the traditional extensive (TE=24%) and the semi-extensive systems (SE=76%), with a higher number of goats reared in the SE compared to the TE systems. Feeding is based on grazing at 90% and 100% for SE and TE, respectively. Supplementation is practiced in the SE system, using hay and agricultural by-products. Most of the kidding was recorded during the dry season, with a comparable average annual number of live kids produced per farm for the SE and TE systems. Similarly, the average annual kid’s neonatal mortality per farm did not vary between the SE and TE systems. The simple, double, and triple kidding mode was higher in the SE system compared to the TE system, yet the age at weaning was similar in both systems. Besides, the study also showed that the most goat farmers belong to the SE farming system. Their feeding practices are almost the same in both farming systems except for supplementation, which is usually practiced in the SE. Conclusively, the production performances did not vary between the two farming systems, except for the kidding mode, which was higher in the SE farming system.
Effect of feeding Moringa oleifera based complete pellet feed on milk yield, composition, fatty acids, somatic cell count and cell mediated immunityin lactating goats
Authors: KUMAR RAVINDRA , VASWANI SHALINI , ARIF M
Published: May 2024

Lactation cum feeding trial was conducted on 12 female Barbari goats (Age approx. 2-3 years and mean body weight 34.72 ±1.28 kg) for 120 days after approximately one month of kidding and effect on milk production, milk constituents, somatic cell count, milk fatty acid profile and cell mediated immunity was studied. Animals were divided into two groups (Gr G and Gr M) of six each as per completely randomized design. Two types of complete pellet (Moringa oleifera and Cicer arietinum) based was formulated containing sundried Moringa biomass and Gram straw along with conventional feed ingredients. Lactating goats of Gr G was fed with gram straw based complete pellet feed while goats of Gr M was fed with Moringa based complete pellet feed. Both the complete pellet feeds were iso nitrogenous. No significant difference in body weight changes was recorded between groups. The milk production (g/day) was higher (Avg. 14.54%) in Gr M as compared to Gr G at different fortnight. No significant difference was reported in the milk composition. Milk fat, SNF, Protein and lactose was similar in both the groups. Milk Somatic cell count (×10 3/ml) was significantly (P<0.05) lower in lactating goats fed with Moringa based feed. Cell-mediated immune response assessed through delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction against phyto haemagglutinin (PHA-P) was more pronounced in Gr M at 72 and 96 hrs.Higher concentration of unsaturated fatty acids (about 16.19%) and lower saturated fatty acids (about 5.49%) was reported in Gr M. Milk fatty acid profile indicators like Index of atherogenicity (IA) was lower while hypo/hyper cholesteremic ratio and health promoting index was higher in milk of moringa based pellet fed goats. Present study concluded that Barbari goats fed with Moringa based complete pellet feed produced higher milk yield with healthier fatty acid profile with low somatic cell counts.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SALUD Y BIENESTAR EN ADULTOS MAYORES
Authors: de Jesus Paredes Teresa , Carrillo Torres Silvia Susana , Espín Miniguano Anita Dalila
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo analiza la importancia de la participación de la comunidad en la identificación de las necesidades de salud pública de los adultos mayores residentes en Tisaleo. Se propone una política social al gobierno local que incluye la creación de un hospital básico y un centro geriátrico para atender estas necesidades. La metodología utilizada fue descriptiva y comparativa. La Municipalidad de Tisaleo y la Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato realizó una serie de entrevistas a 80 adultos mayores. Las respuestas se codificaron en datos ordinales y porcentuales. Es así que, el estudio confirma que la participación de la comunidad es crucial para identificar las necesidades de salud pública de la población adulta mayor. Además, se resalta la importancia de formular políticas públicas que atiendan estas necesidades. En la etapa posterior, se aplicó un cuestionario a la población adulta mayor, basada en la codificación previa, lo que permitió comparar con los datos de la fase de diagnóstico. Los resultados mostraron un ligero aumento en la percepción de adultos mayores sobre su salud, satisfacción con la vida y redes de apoyo. Se levantó el diagnóstico del pos-test de calidad de vida llegando a la propuesta de crear un hospital y centro geriátrico como proyectos sociales. Se concluye que las herramientas de diagnóstico y estrategias de implementación han sido positivas y que posibilitan servir de modelo para otras poblaciones con similares problemas quienes deseen mejorar la calidad de vida de sus adultos mayores.

PALABRAS CLAVES: Políticas Públicas, Diagnóstico de un problema Público, Salud, Vivienda, Adultos Mayores
LA SANA CRÍTICA EN LA VALORACIÓN DE LA PRUEBA TESTIMONIAL EN PROCESOS NO PENALES
Authors: Collantes Zavala Alfonso José , Villacreses Álvarez Gerardo Vinicio
Published: May 2024

El objetivo de la investigación es el análisis de la importancia e incidencia de la aplicación de la sana crítica en la valoración de la prueba testimonial en el marco jurídico ecuatoriano. La problemática que presenta este tipo de prueba es su vinculación al temor de que los declarantes pretendan engañar al juez, de ahí que el deber de decir la verdad consigue aparecer como la carga principal que consigue imponer a los testigos. La aspectos a los que el Juzgador debe dar atención para ponderar acertadamente sus veracidad de los testigos viene siendo solo uno de los dichos, a estos testimonios el Juez debe aplicar la valoración de los mismos, para ello ha de remitirse a los sistemas de valoración. La metodología utilizada es el diseño documental, se hizo un aporte analítico de las dos variables de estudio, en aras de identificar y describir las reglas de la sana crítica y su aplicación en los testimonios. Como resultado se tiene que la sana crítica incide en la valoración de la prueba testimonial positivamente cuando se efectúa una adecuada valoración y negativamente cuando hay testigos que declaran, sin que sean considerados los idóneos.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Prueba testimonial; Sana crítica; Valoración de la prueba.
VIOLENCIA INTRAFAMILIAR Y SUS AFECTACIONES EN EL DESARROLLO PSICOSOCIAL DE LOS ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Alay Choez Bryan Ariel , Pibaque Tigua María Consuelo
Published: May 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar las afectaciones que provoca la violencia intrafamiliar en los adolescentes del Colegio Réplica “Manta”. El enfoque aplicado fue el mixto, permitió obtener más información en base a las experiencias que vivieron los adolescentes y los diferentes casos que conocen los informantes claves de este estudio. Se aplicó la técnica de la encuesta a 50 estudiantes, también 5 entrevistas dirigidas a los docentes y personal del DECE, por último, se realizaron 2 historias de vida a estudiantes de manera anónima para conocer su experiencia y afectaciones como consecuencia de la violencia intrafamiliar. Al aplicar estas técnicas se obtuvieron como resultados que un 90% de los adolescentes encuestados tienen conocimiento sobre esta problemática y las afectaciones que provocan y un 100% reconoce que pueden verse afectados emocionalmente dentro del ámbito social, educativo y familiar, los entrevistados compartieron que los adolescentes son afectados de manera emocional y social, notando también un bajo rendimiento académico en los estudiantes, por otro lado, manifestaron que no todos los adolescentes tienen las mismas afectaciones. A manera de conclusión se logra identificar que esta problemática afecta a los adolescentes en su desarrollo psicosocial, teniendo un impacto diferente entre ellos según el nivel de violencia que han enfrentado, tomando en cuenta las similitudes de sus afectaciones dentro del ámbito familiar, social y educativo, bajo rendimiento académico y emocionales. Este artículo tiene como finalidad aportar conocimientos a los trabajadores sociales y profesionales interesados en el tema, ampliando sus conocimientos sobre esta problemática de violencia intrafamiliar.

Palabras claves: Adolescentes, consecuencias, familia, psicosocial, violencia
EL ACECHO A LA INTEGRIDAD PERSONAL Y LA NORMALIZACIÓN INSTITUCIONAL DESDE UN ENFOQUE DE GÉNERO
Authors: Tite Segundo Ramiro , Haro Lara Aída Patricia , Montero Solano Juan Pablo
Published: May 2024

Garantizar el derecho a la integridad personal de quienes se encuentran recluidos en los centros de rehabilitación del Ecuador es una deuda pendiente del Estado; que no ha podido resolver. Siendo el objetivo de la investigación estudiar con un enfoque al derecho a la integridad personal de las personas privadas de libertad, y la figura del indulto como garantía constitucional. Mediante el estudio bibliográfico, documental y de campo el mismo que cualitativamente se basó en la aplicación de entrevistas a operadores de justicia. Debido a conocer desde el criterio de quienes son parte de la operatividad del Estado en los procesos de rehabilitación. La entrevista fue abierta semiestructurada con un guion nada formal; pero si contemplativo de aspectos que denigran la misma condición de ser seres humanos por el hecho de haber perdido la libertad. La interpretación de los hallazgos determinó que: el hacinamiento, la violencia extrema, la falta de políticas penitenciarias rehabilitadoras, la corrupción, prisión preventiva discrecional, la misma concepción de género; entre otros aspectos, son fenómenos que inciden en el menoscabo de la integridad personal de los reos y reas o como se autodefinan; por la inaplicación del indulto a otras figuras delictivas que permitan recuperar la libertad.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Indulto, derecho, integridad personal, libertad, garantía
Viewpoint: The Baltimore bridge collapse: a vital lesson for structural engineers
Authors: Caprani Colin
Published: May 2024

The tragedy of the Francis Scott Key Bridge highlights the need for structural engineers to ensure that the risks inherent in our built infrastructure remain acceptable, argues Colin Caprani.
Nicaragua, Panama and the dream of a canal (part 1)
Authors: Brady Sean
Published: May 2024

With Nicaragua planning a new canal to link the Atlantic and Pacific, Sean Brady considers the lessons of the Panama Canal when engineers face up to nature on such a grand scale.
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CERTAIN BOTANICAL EXTRACTS AS LARVICIDES AGAINST THE YELLOW FEVER MOSQUITO, AEDES AEGYPTI.L
Authors:   Biology and Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Taranaka, Hyderabad-500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India,, Madhasudhana Murthy Joish , Rani Pathipati Usha ,   Biology and Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Taranaka, Hyderabad-500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India,
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT As a part of a programme on possible utilization of indigenous plant extracts in pest management practices, acetone extracts of eight plant species collected in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India, were tested for their larvicidal activity against the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti L. The buds of Tail Pepper, Piper cubeba L, Capers Capparis spinosa L and Indian Black Berry, Syzygium cumini L. the florals of Indian Oleander, Nerium indicum (Mill.), Indian Cork tree, Millingtonia hortensis L. and Royal Poinciana, Delonix regia L., leaves of Wood Apple, Limonia acidissima L. and Physic Nut, Jatropha curcas L were collected locally, shade dried and extracted in the soxhelet apparatus. Six of the 8 plants studied exhibited toxicity against the 3rd instar larvae. The extracts of D. regia and L. acidissima were most active and showed toxicity up to 100 %. The dry bud extractions of S. cumini and J. curcas also showed significant larval mortality. Acetone extract of P. cubeba and C. spinosa were less active, and needed higher concentrations to obtain 50% toxicity. Hence, these active plant extracts may be used in control of the A. aegypti causing dengue fever and many other diseases.