bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cisatracúrio – Um relaxante neuromuscular “seguro”?
Authors:   Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Central EPE, Lisboa, Portugal, Gonçalves Tânia , Pita Joana ,   Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Central EPE, Lisboa, Portugal, Pinto Nicole ,   Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Central EPE, Lisboa, Portugal, Ornelas Cristina ,   Unidade de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Médio Tejo, EPE, Torres Novas, Portugal, Pinto Paula ,   Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Central EPE, Lisboa, Portugal,   CEDOC, Integrated Pathophysiological Mechanisms Research Group, Nova Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal
Published: March 2022

Os agentes anestésicos representam uma causa importante de anafilaxia a fármacos, sendo os relaxantes neuromusculares (RNM) dos principais responsáveis pelos casos de anafilaxia perioperatória. O cisatracúrio é o RNM mais recente, sendo um estereoisómero do atracúrio que se acreditava não ter potencial de libertação de histamina e, consequentemente, causar menos reações alérgicas do que os outros RNM. No entanto, têm sido relatados vários casos de reação anafilática grave após administração de cisatracúrio, não existindo, do nosso conhecimento, registo na literatura de nenhum em Portugal. As autoras apresentam dois casos de anafilaxia perioperatória grave (grau 4 na escala de Ring & Messmer) com paragem cardiorrespiratória. Na investigação alergológica foram realizados testes cutâneos, cujos intradérmicos se revelaram positivos para o cisatracúrio (1:100) em ambos os doentes. É importante alertar que este RNM não será tão desprovido de potencial alergénico como previamente pensado e esse facto deve ser considerado na investigação de uma reação alérgica que ocorra durante a indução anestésica.
ANALISIS MATERI TATA BAHASA DALAM BUKU PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Henilia Henilia
Published: March 2022

Pada tahun 2008, pemerintah mulai meluncurkan Buku Sekolah Elektronik (BSE) untuk mendukung ketersediaan buku ajar yang murah dan berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model penyampaian materi tata bahasa, cakupan materi tata bahasa, dan kesesuaian materi tata bahasa. Buku ajar merupakan salah satu bahan ajar tertulis yang digunakan untuk mendukung kegiatan belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah buku mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini menghasilkan tiga simpulan. Pertama, model penyampaian materi tata bahasa ada dua model, yaitu pendekatan deduktif dan pendekatan induktif. Pendekatan deduktif digunakan pada materi fonologi, morfologi, sintaksis, dan semantik. Pendekatan induktif digunakan pada materi morfologi, sintaksis, dan semantik. Kedua, cakupan materi tata bahasa dalam BSE Bahasa Indonesia SMA terdiri dari materi fonologi, morfologi, sintaksis, dan semantik. Fonologi dibagi menjadi satu submateri, yaitu membedakan fonem bahasa Indonesia. Morfologi dibagi menjadi lima submateri, yaitu afiksasi, reduplikasi, proses pemajemukan, mengidentifikasi proses morfologis, serta kata dan penggunaannya. Sintaksis dibagi menjadi tiga submateri, yaitu frasa, klausa, dan kalimat. Semantik dibagi menjadi dua submateri, yaitu jenis-jenis semantik serta perubahan dan pergeseran makna. Ketiga, kesesuaian materi tata bahasa dengan kurikulum
PENGARUH SISTEM OTORISASI TRANSAKSI KEUANGAN DAN LINGKUNGAN PENGENDALIAN TERHADAP PENGENDALIAN INTREN PERSEDIAAN PADA PT. LESTARI ABADI
Authors: Prayogi Joko
Published: March 2022

Sistem otorisasi transaksi berpengaruh terhadap pengendalian intern karena kegiatan ini memberikan verifikasi dan persetujuan tambahan terhadap transaksi keuangan sehingga mengurangi kemungkinan kecurangan. Pengendalian intern melalui sistem otorisasi transaksi pada perusahaan dapat dicapai antara lain dengan melakukan pemisahan fungsi bagian-bagian yang terkait dalam perusahaan, prosedur pemberian wewenang, prosedur dokumentasi, prosedur dan catatan akuntansi, pengawasan fisik serta adanya pemeriksaan intern secara bebas. Tujuan utama pemisahan fungsi adalah untuk menghindari dan pengawasan segera atas kesalahan atau ketidakberesan. Pengendalian intern merupakan suatu proses yang dipengaruhi oleh pemilik perusahaan, manajemen, dan seluruh karyawan, yang dirancang untuk mendapat keyakinan memadai tentang pencapaian tujuan dalam hal-hal seperti keandalan pelaporan keuangan, efektifitas dan efisiensi operasi. Lingkungan pengendalian berpengaruh terhadap pengendalian intern perusahaan karena perusahaan perlu menciptakan keadaan yang mendukung pengendalian intern itu sendiri seperti pembuatan dokumen dan prosedur yang mempersulit dilakukannya kecurangan. Dokumentasi yang layak penting untuk menciptakan sistem pengendalian akuntansi yang efektif. Dokumentasi memberi dasar penetapan tanggung jawab untuk pelaksanaan dan pencatatan akuntansi. Selain itu, diperlukan catatan akuntansi agar dapat disiapkan catatan-catatan akuntansi yang teliti secara cepat dan data akuntansi dapat dilaporkan kepada pihak yang menggunakan secara tepat waktu. Walaupun demikian, prosedur pengawasan fisik tetap harus dilakukan seperti melakukan cash count, stock opname dan kegiatan pengawasan lainnya.
PENGGUNAAN KALIMAT IMPERATIF OLEH DOSEN DALAM KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Rostina Rostina
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Mampu mendeskripsikan klasifikasi kalimat imperatif oleh dosen dan mampu mendeskripsikan bentuk kalimat imperatif oleh dosen. Objek penelitian ini adalah kalimat imperatif oleh dosen dalam kegiatan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah tuturan dosen yang mengajar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik rekam, simak dan teknik catat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode padan referensial, yaitu metode yang alat penentunya diluar, terlepas, dan tidak menjadi bagian dari bahasa yang bersangkutan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan klasifikasi kalimat imperatif dan bentuk kalimat imperatif dalam kegiatan pembelajaran bahasa indonesia. Klasifikasi kalimat imperatif berbahasa oleh dosen ditemukan, (1) penggunaan kata nah, jadi, dan perhatikan pada kalimat imperatif permintaan, (2) penggunaan kata silahkan (EYD = silakan) pada kalimat imperatif pemberian izin, (3) kalimat imperatif ajakan menggunaan kata nah, jadi, dan maka diikuti penekanan penutur kata kita pada kalimat. Bentuk kalimat imperatif berbahasa dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 46, diantaranya 2 kalimat imperatif biasa, 15 kalimat imperatif permintaan, 4 kalimat imperatif pemberian izin, 13 kalimat imperatif ajakan, dan 12 kalimat imperatif suruha
PENGARUH WAKTU PEMBERIAN EM-4 PADA BERBAGAI MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculantum Mill)
Authors: Purba Eliakim Purba
Published: March 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu pemberian EM-4, media tanam, serta interaksi dari keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat. Penelitan   ini   bertempat   di   kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Amir Hamzah Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan Kabupaten Deliserdang dengan ketinggian tempat 25 meter diatas permukaan laut (m dpl). Waktu penelitian mulai dari bulan September sampai dengan Desember 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu : Faktor waktu aplikasi EM-4 dengan notasi (W) terdiri dari 3 (tiga) taraf yaitu : W1 (satu minggu sebelum penanaman selanjutnya interval 7 hari sekali), W2  (bersamaan dengan penanaman selanjutnya interval 7 hari sekali) dan W3  (satu minggu setelah penanaman selanjutnya interval 7 hari sekali). Faktor media tanam dengan notasi (M) terdiri terdiri dari 4 (empat) taraf yaitu : M1 (Top soil), M2 (Top soil + Pupuk kandang sapi + Pasir = 1:2:2), M3 (Top soil + Pupuk kandang sapi + Cocopeat = 1:2:2) dan M4 (Top soil + Pupuk kandang sapi + Arang sekam = 1:2:2). Untuk menggambarkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat maka dilakukan pengamatan dengan parameter meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang produktif, jumlah buah pertanaman, berat buah per plot dan produksi per hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu aplikasi EM-4 berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah buah per tanaman, berat buah per plot dan produksi per hektar. Perlakuan waktu aplikasi EM-4 terbaik ditemukan pada perlakuan satu minggu sebelum penanaman selanjutnya interval 7 hari sekali (W1). Berbagai media tanam berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman. Tomat umur 15 HST dan jumlah buah per tanaman, berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 30 HST, berat buah per plot dan produksi per hektar. Perlakuan terbaik ditemukan pada media tanam top soil + pupuk kandang sapi + pasir dengan perbandingan 1:2:2 (M2).
Gap Between Operator Norm and Spectral Radius for the Square of Antidiagonal Block Operator Matrices
Authors: OTKUN ÇEVİK Elif
Published: March 2022

In this work, the gap between operator norm and spectral radius for the square of antidiagonal block operator matrices in the direct sum of Banach spaces has been investigated, and also the gap between operator norm and numerical radius for the square of same matrices in the direct sum of Hilbert spaces has been studied.
Erratum to ‘‘A New Pre-Order Relation for Set Optimization using $\ell$-difference [Commun. Adv. Math. Sci., 4(3) (2021), 163-170
Authors: KARAMAN Emrah
Published: March 2022

In this work, an erratum for a proposition in the paper ‘‘A New Pre-Order Relation for Set Optimization using $\ell$-difference" is outlined. It was pointed out by Stefan Rocktäschel and Ernest Quintana that the proof of Proposition 3.11 is wrong in \cite{koc}. A small detail in the proof of Proposition 3.11 has been overlooked. A new proposition, which is closely related to Proposition 3.11 in \cite{koc}, is presented. The main results of the paper are not affected by this erratum.
On Fuzzy Differential Equations with Finite Delay via $\psi$-type Riemann-Liouville Fractional Derivative
Authors: VİVEK Dvivek , ELSAYED Elsayed , K. Kangarajan
Published: March 2022

In the article, the existence of a solution for a class of boundary value problem for a fuzzy differential equation with finite delay is discussed. By applying the contraction mapping principle, we gain an existence of a solution.
Computational investigation of the synthesized new indoline-2,3-dione and their derivatives
Authors: SHİROUDİ Abolfazl
Published: March 2022

Computational studies using DFT incorporating the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level is used to predict the stability of the synthesized 1-(5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)indoline-2,3-dione and its para-substituted (X: -CH3, -F, -CN, -NO2) in different solvents (acetone, ethanol, and methanol) and gas phases. Energetic properties, atomic charges, dipole moments, natural bond orbital (NBO), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analyses are studied. The gauge independent atomic orbital (GIAO) method is used to quantify the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shift of the molecules. NBO analysis was used to assess the stability of the considered molecules, as well as their hyperconjugative relationships and electron delocalization. The charge transfer within the molecules is determined using the HOMO and LUMO analyses. The MEP surface was performed by the DFT method to predict the reactive sites for nucleophilic and electrophilic attacks. FMO analysis revealed that compound 5 (X=NO2) has a lower HOMO-LUMO energy (EHL) gaps in the considered phases, and is thus kinetically more stable in different media. Chemical reactivity indices as NO2 > CN > Cl > H > CH3 that predict the lowest (X=CH3) and highest (X=NO2) activity for the studied compounds. The energy difference derived from EHL gap leads to intramolecular hyperconjugative interactions pi→pi*.
Window Design of Fashion Storefronts: Its Impact on Consumer Behavior
Authors: Erhard Lick
Published: March 2022

This article provides an overview of the literature examining the influence of window design of fashion storefronts on consumer behavior, like store entry propensity. While research has shed light primarily on the impact of store-interior cues (e.g. sound, color, scent, or design features) on consumer behavior, research on the influence of store exterior cues (wall-mounted flags, entrance, or parking) on consumer behavior, has only recently built up momentum. In view of storefront windows, not only design elements, such as mannequins, verbo-visual relations, and the number of products displayed, have been investigated, but also conceptual models have been devised. Future research should keep focusing on the store exterior, and especially, storefront windows. The use of smart technologies in storefront windows needs particular attention.
A Case Report of Severe Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy with Severe Liver Damage as the Main Manifestation
Authors: Peng Bing
Published: March 2022

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is the most common liver disorder during pregnancy [1]. Among these patients, bile cannot flow from the liver. The frequency of ICP varies widely between 0.1% and 25% with the specificity of ethnicity and geographic location. More cases about 0.8-1.46% were discovered in South Asian. The greatest prevalence was discovered in South American populations with up to 25% in women of Araucanian Indian. In China, the incidence has been reported be 0.8%-12%. ICP often appears in the late second or third trimester of pregnancy. It is a reversible form of cholestasis and tends to dissolve quickly after birth. Its characters involve pruritus, elevated serum bile acid levels, and abnormal liver function. It has been associated with sudden fetal death and fetal distress, stillbirth, and respiratory distress syndrome of newborn.
Apitherapy and Gynaecology –To What Extent Can Methods from This Area Be Alternatives to Conventional Ones?
Authors: Münstedt Karsten
Published: March 2022

Background: Some holistic apitherapists claim that conventional medicine can be replaced by apitherapy. This claim has never been substantiated or falsified. Methods/Design: Since holistic apitherapy is mainly promoted in books, we analyzed 135 books on apitherapy written in either German, English or French. We also compared the recommendations with findings from preclinical and clinical studies on the various bee products. Results: A maximum of 6 topics were discussed in apitherapy books in relation to the top 20 gynaecological diagnoses. However, the mean was only 1.6 topics. We also found that the important topics like endometriosis, ovarian cysts, pelvic pain and vulvodynia were not discussed in any of books. Furthermore, we found that there was significant variation in the treatment recommendations for most of the top 20 gynaecological problems.
Early Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction Outcomes: Non- Chemical-Based Method Yield Improved Pregnancy Rates and Minimized Risks
Authors: López- Bayghen Esther
Published: March 2022

Procedures to increase the success of achieving a clinical pregnancy include implanting multiple embryos; however, this has had many unforeseen risks. The risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss is 25% for quadruplets, 15% for triplets, and 8% for twins. Moreover, multifetal pregnancies increase maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality [3]. Maternal risks of multifetal pregnancies include hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and postpartum hemorrhage. Implementing multifetal pregnancy reduction during assisted reproduction technologies when three or more fetuses are present has become a common practice.
A RARE DİAGNOSİS AFTER A TRAFFİC ACCİDENT AORTİC TRANSECTİON
Authors: Tepe Murat , Arslan Fatma Dilan , Kilci Ali İhsan , Hakkoymaz Hakan , Gedik Muhammed Semih
Published: March 2022

Traumatic aortic transection is mostly seen in blunt injury and associated with motor vehicle accidents. %80-%85 of the patients with the aortic transection die at the scene of the incident and the rest of the patients who is delivered to the hospital ,have %20 mortality rate. Even with the endovascular repair, these patients have considerably high mortality. On the other hand the diagnosis and the prognosis of aortic transection has been continously improving.
Furthermore the treatment requires a combination of pharmacological and surgical techniques and the endovascular treatment playing a very important role in definitive repair.
In this report we present a patient who is admitted to the ER after an in-vehicle car accident.
The possibility of aortic injury should always be considered in cases admitted to hospital due to trauma, and if there is any suspicion, necessary examinations should be performed also cardiovascular surgeon should be consulted immediately.
Perancangan Mesin Bor Otomatis Menggunakan PPI 8255A sebagai Interface
Authors: Yulyawan Eva Kurnia , Baihaqi Mas
Published: March 2022

Stepper motor adalah salah satu yang sesuai dengan permintaan/permintaan diatas, karena stepper motor memungkinkan sinyal digital dikonversikan secara langsung kedalam suatu gerakan posisi (perubahan sudut).Dalam Penelitian ini dilakukan pengontrolan  untuk stepper motor dengan menggunakan Personal Computer sebagai pengontrol yang di interfacekan dengan menggunakan PPI 8255A pada sistem penggerak mesin bor PCB. PPI 8255A dalam sistem ini dibantu oleh beberapa komponen tambahan yaitu beberapa driver dan celenoid. Pada peralatan pengebor PCB ini terdapat 3 arah gerakan yaitu x,y,dan z. Gerakan x dilakukan oleh motor stepper I,gerakan y dilakukan oleh motor stepper II,sedangkan gerakan z dilakukan oleh selenoid, dengan hal-hal tersebut sehingga peralatan pengebor ini bisa bekerja.
Profil Tegangan Surja Petir pada Generator Impuls RLC Sebagai Simulasi Tegangan Lebih
Authors: Kumala Mahda Habsari  , Amaral Hanifiyah Darna fidya , Farhan Hafizh
Published: March 2022

Gangguan tegangan lebih pada jaringan listrik umumnya disebabkan oleh dua macam tegangan transient yang berasal dari luar atau dari dalam sistem itu sendiri. Jenis gangguan dari luar ini biasanya disebabkan oleh sambaran petir. Gangguan tegangan lebih yang berasal dari petir dapat menjadi ancaman berbahaya bagi jaringan listrik, instalasi listrik dan peralatan listrik.. Tegangan impuls yang dibawa oleh petir memiliki amplitudo sangat besar. Pada skala laboratorium, tegangan impuls dapat dibangkitkan hingga 1000 kV. Gelombang tegangan tinggi impuls yang dihasilkan oleh generator impuls memiliki karakteristik durasi yang pendek antara mikro detik hingga beberapa puluh mikro detik. Perancangan simulasi pembangkitan tegangan tinggi impuls dengan rangkaian generator impuls RLC dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menyimulasikan tegangan lebih yang berasal dari surja petir. Profil tegangan yang dihasilkan diamati dan dianalisa. Rangkaian generator impuls RLC disimulasikan dengan dua variasi tegangan keluaran yang berbeda, yaitu 1 kV dan 10 kV. Profil tegangan yang dihasilkan oleh generator impuls RLC dengan tegangan keluaran 1kV dan 10 kV memiliki bentuk yang mirip dengan profil tegangan generator impuls RLC yang ada pada standar IEC 61000-4-5. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa rangkaian generator impuls RLC yang disimulasikan berhasil dijalankan sesuai standar.
BIMBINGAN DAN PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN FEED INSTAGRAM UNTUK PENERAPAN RELATIONSHIP MARKETING PADA USAHA JASA ANALISIS DATA STATISTIK DI KELURAHAN MERJOSARI KECAMATAN LOWOKWARU KOTA MALANG
Authors: Budiarti Lina , Rena Feri Wijayanti  , Shinta Maharani Trivena  , Tri Yulistyawati Evelina  , Kartika Indah Permanasari
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK

Kegiatan menjalin hubungan dengan pelanggan merupakan hal yang penting, tidak hanya sebatas ketika transaksi selesai dilakukan. Pemasaran yang menekankan pentingnya membangun hubungan dengan pelanggan disebut relationship marketing. Salah satu upaya untuk membangun hubungan jangka panjang dengan pelanggan adalah dengan berkomunikasi dengan pelanggan. Periklanan merupakan salah satu cara berkomunikasi dengan pelanggan dalam komunikasi pemasaran terintegrasi. Periklanan dapat dilakukan melalui berbagai media baik itu televisi, radio, surat kabar, majalah, internet, maupun melalui sosial media seperti yang populer dilakukan belakangan ini. Usaha kecil dapat beriklan dengan biaya yang relatif lebih terjangkau yaitu dengan beriklan melalui sosial media salah satunya melalui instagram. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengarahan tentang pembuatan feed instagram untuk penerapan relationship marketing.

 

Kata Kunci: Relationship Marketing, Feed Instagram, Usaha Jasa

 

ABSTRACT

The activity of establishing relationships with customers is important, not only when the transaction is completed. Marketing that emphasizes the importance of building relationships with customers is called relationship marketing. One of the efforts to build long-term relationships with customers is to communicate with customers. Advertising is one way of communicating with customers in integrated marketing communications. Advertising can be done through various media, like for example, television, radio, newspapers, magazines, the internet, or through social media as is popular lately. Small businesses can advertise at a relatively more affordable cost, namely by advertising through social media, one of which is through Instagram. This community service aims to provide guidance on creating Instagram feeds for the application of relationship marketing.

 

Keywords: Relationship Marketing, Feed Instagram, Service Business
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN RUNNING TEXT UNTUK TAMPILAN INFORMASI DI DESA DUWET KECAMATAN TUMPANG
Authors: Agus Pracoyo  , Leonardo Kamajaya  , Subiyantoro  , Donny Radianto  , Yulianto
Published: March 2022

The use of running text as a promotional media is considered very effective and can bring many benefits to a business. In Duwet Village, there is a UMK that produce several superior products, including corn rice (gerit), cassava crackers and bamboo crafts (besek). UMK in Duwet village require media that can be used for marketing media. This underlies the PkM team to conduct training in making running texts. The target in this training is the youth group of Duwet Village. The results of this dedication, it is hoped to be able to socialize and market superior products when guests or foreigner visits Duwet Village.
Att arbeta åt staten, kapitalet eller civilsamhället
Authors: Lundström Tommy , Shanks Emelie
Published: March 2022

Under de senaste decennierna har HVB-fältet, dvs institutionsvård för barn och unga genomgått stora förändringar. Från att ägandet dominerats av kommun och landsting i slutet av 1970-talet har fältet förvandlats till en marknad där företag och ideella organisationer konkurrerar om offentliga kontrakt och där vinstdrivande företag dominerar. Artikeln syftar till att undersöka hur föreståndare för HVB inom de olika sektorerna – vinstdrivande, ideella och offentliga – resonerar kring att arbeta på en marknad, hur de ser på sambandet mellan vårdkvalitet och vinstkrav och hur de hanterar fältets varierande och ibland konkurrerande institutionella logiker. Resultaten, som bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer, tyder på att chefernas attityder till att arbeta på en marknad varierar beroende på sektor. Föreståndarna är väl medvetna om diskussionen om vinster i välfärden och deras argument för och emot känns igen från den offentliga debatten. Det är också uppenbart att cheferna upplever konflikter mellan olika institutionella logiker, mest uppenbart mellan marknadslogik och professionell logik. I beskrivningen av dessa konflikter betonar föreståndarna den professionella logiken. I den meningen är det möjligt att en gemensam professionella logik kan bidra till att minska skillnaderna mellan sektorerna. Med detta sagt kan HVB-fältet på en övergripande nivå beskrivas som fragmenterat, svåröverblickbart, styrt av marknadslogik och med höga vinster för de privata företagen.
Circr, a Computational Tool to Identify miRNA:circRNA Associations
Authors: Dori Martina , Caroli Jimmy , Forcato Mattia
Published: March 2022

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are known to act as important regulators of the microRNA (miRNA) activity. Yet, computational resources to identify miRNA:circRNA interactions are mostly limited to already annotated circRNAs or affected by high rates of false positive predictions. To overcome these limitations, we developed Circr, a computational tool for the prediction of associations between circRNAs and miRNAs. Circr combines three publicly available algorithms for de novo prediction of miRNA binding sites on target sequences (miRanda, RNAhybrid, and TargetScan) and annotates each identified miRNA:target pairs with experimentally validated miRNA:RNA interactions and binding sites for Argonaute proteins derived from either ChIPseq or CLIPseq data. The combination of multiple tools for the identification of a single miRNA recognition site with experimental data allows to efficiently prioritize candidate miRNA:circRNA interactions for functional studies in different organisms. Circr can use its internal annotation database or custom annotation tables to enhance the identification of novel and not previously annotated miRNA:circRNA sites in virtually any species. Circr is written in Python 3.6 and is released under the GNU GPL3.0 License at https://github.com/bicciatolab/Circr.
Hypoxia Alleviating PdTe Nanoenzymes for Thermoradiotherapy
Authors: Li Yang , Gu Xinquan , Yu Fan
Published: March 2022

Hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment induces radioresistance in cancer cells, which reduces the treatment efficiency of radiotherapy. Therefore, it is critical to produce sufficient oxygen to alleviate hypoxia to enhance the effect of ionizing radiation. Here, we constructed nanorod-shaped PdTe nanoenzymes to overcome hypoxia and promote the effects of thermoradiotherapy. Both palladium and tellurium are high-Z elements, which interacted with X-rays to generate more DNA radicals in the tumor regions. Moreover, PdTe nanoenzyme could catalyze the conversion of intratumoral overexpressed H2O2 to oxygen, alleviating hypoxia in the tumor regions. Photothermal therapy mediated by PdTe nanoenzymes not only ablated tumors but also accelerated the blood flow, in turn, modulating hypoxia. With good biocompatibility, PdTe nanoenzyme exhibited remarkable oxygen generation ability both in vitro and in vivo, indicating potential ability for radiosensitization. Further investigation using MBT-2 cells and MBT-2 tumor-bearing mice demonstrated that PdTe nanoenzyme could effectively enhance the treatment efficiency of radiotherapy. Thus, our work presented a novel nanoenzyme to overcome hypoxia in tumors for effective thermoradiotherapy.
Mitomycin-Treated Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells Suitable for Safe Tissue Engineering Approaches
Authors: Zakharova Irina , Saaya Shoraan , Shevchenko Alexander , Stupnikova Alena , Zhiven' Maria , Laktionov Pavel , Stepanova Alena , Romashchenko Alexander , Yanshole Lyudmila , Chernonosov Alexander , Volkov Alexander , Kizilova Elena , Zavjalov Evgenii , Chernyavsky Alexander , Romanov Alexander , Karpenko Andrey , Zakian Suren
Published: March 2022

In our previous study, we showed that discarded cardiac tissue from the right atrial appendage and right ventricular myocardium is an available source of functional endothelial and smooth muscle cells for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In the study, we aimed to find out what benefits are given by vascular cells from cardiac explants used for seeding on vascular patches engrafted to repair vascular defects in vivo. Additionally, to make the application of these cells safer in regenerative medicine we tested an in vitro approach that arrested mitotic division to avoid the potential tumorigenic effect of dividing cells. A tissue-engineered construction in the form of a patch based on a polycaprolactone-gelatin scaffold and seeded with endothelial and smooth muscle cells was implanted into the abdominal aorta of immunodeficient SCID mice. Aortic patency was assessed using ultrasound, MRI, immunohistochemical and histological staining. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells were treated with mitomycin C at a therapeutic concentration of 10 μg/ml for 2 h with subsequent analysis of cell proliferation and function. The absence of the tumorigenic effect of mitomycin C-treated cells, as well as their angiogenic potential, was examined by injecting them into immunodeficient mice. Cell-containing patches engrafted in the abdominal aorta of immunodeficient mice form the vessel wall loaded with the appropriate cells and extracellular matrix, and do not interfere with normal patency. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells treated with mitomycin C show no tumorigenic effect in the SCID immunodeficient mouse model. During in vitro experiments, we have shown that treatment with mitomycin C does not lead to a decrease in cell viability. Despite the absence of proliferation, mitomycin C-treated vascular cells retain specific cell markers, produce specific extracellular matrix, and demonstrate the ability to stimulate angiogenesis in vivo. We pioneered an approach to arresting cell division with mitomycin C in endothelial and smooth muscle cells from cardiac explant, which prevents the risk of malignancy from dividing cells in vascular surgery. We believe that this approach to the fabrication of tissue-engineered constructs based on mitotically inactivated cells from waste postoperative material may be valuable to bring closer the development of safe cell products for regenerative medicine.
Relationship Between the Choice of Clinical Treatment, Gait Functionality and Kinetics in Patients With Comparable Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Tassani Simone , Tio Laura , Castro-Domínguez Francisco , Monfort Jordi , Monllau Juan Carlos , González Ballester Miguel Angel , Noailly Jérôme
Published: March 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the choice of clinical treatment, gait functionality, and kinetics in patients with comparable knee osteoarthritis.

Design: This was an observational case-control study.

Setting: The study was conducted in a university biomechanics laboratory.

Participants: Knee osteoarthritis patients were stratified into the following groups: clinical treatment (conservative/total knee replacement (TKR) planned), sex (male/female), age (60–67/68–75), and body mass index (BMI) (<30/≥30). All patients had a Kellgren–Lawrence score of 2 or 3 (N = 87).

Main Outcome Measures: All patients underwent gait analysis, and two groups of dependent variables were extracted:

• Spatiotemporal gait variables: gait velocity, stride time, and double-support time, which are associated with patient functionality.

• Kinetic gait variables: vertical, anterior–posterior, and mediolateral ground reaction forces, vertical free moment, joint forces, and moments at the ankle, knee, and hip. Multifactorial and multivariate analyses of variance were performed.

Results: Functionality relates to treatment decisions, with patients in the conservative group walking 25% faster and spending 24% less time in the double-support phase. However, these differences vary with age and are reduced in older subjects. Patients who planned to undergo TKR did not present higher knee forces, and different joint moments between clinical treatments depended on the age and BMI of the subjects.

Conclusions: Knee osteoarthritis is a multifactorial disease, with age and BMI being confounding factors. The differences in gait between the two groups were mitigated by confounding factors and risk factors, such as being a woman, elderly, and obese, reducing the variability of the gait compression loads. These factors should always be considered in gait studies of patients with knee osteoarthritis to control for confounding effects.
Assessment and Comparison of Cable-Actuation of Pill Bug Inspired Adaptive Origami Structure Using Computer Vision and Dynamic Relaxation
Authors: Baruah Angshuman C. , Sychterz Ann C.
Published: March 2022

The ancient art of origami can be harnessed for the development of adaptive structures, including those at civil-engineering scale. This can be enhanced with biomimetics, the study and development of synthetic mechanisms that mimic the structure or functionality of biological organisms in nature. The origami structure presented in this paper draws inspiration from pill bugs, a species of woodlice that can alter its shape between a flat and a rolled configuration. The panel type origami pill bug structure is modelled as bars, hinges, and active elements for actuation. This paper provides analysis and comparison of a new formulation of the form-finding method called dynamic relaxation for the analytical study with a computer vision algorithm for the experimental study of a 3D-printed model. The objective of this study is to simulate and experimentally validate the quasi-static and dynamic response to characterize the kinematic properties and dynamic behavior of the origami pill bug structure.
The Influence of Oncogenic RAS on Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Resistance Through DNA Repair Pathways
Authors: Cáceres-Gutiérrez Rodrigo E. , Alfaro-Mora Yair , Andonegui Marco A. , Díaz-Chávez José , Herrera Luis A.
Published: March 2022

RAS oncogenes are chief tumorigenic drivers, and their mutation constitutes a universal predictor of poor outcome and treatment resistance. Despite more than 30 years of intensive research since the identification of the first RAS mutation, most attempts to therapeutically target RAS mutants have failed to reach the clinic. In fact, the first mutant RAS inhibitor, Sotorasib, was only approved by the FDA until 2021. However, since Sotorasib targets the KRAS G12C mutant with high specificity, relatively few patients will benefit from this therapy. On the other hand, indirect approaches to inhibit the RAS pathway have revealed very intricate cascades involving feedback loops impossible to overcome with currently available therapies. Some of these mechanisms play different roles along the multistep carcinogenic process. For instance, although mutant RAS increases replicative, metabolic and oxidative stress, adaptive responses alleviate these conditions to preserve cellular survival and avoid the onset of oncogene-induced senescence during tumorigenesis. The resulting rewiring of cellular mechanisms involves the DNA damage response and pathways associated with oxidative stress, which are co-opted by cancer cells to promote survival, proliferation, and chemo- and radioresistance. Nonetheless, these systems become so crucial to cancer cells that they can be exploited as specific tumor vulnerabilities. Here, we discuss key aspects of RAS biology and detail some of the mechanisms that mediate chemo- and radiotherapy resistance of mutant RAS cancers through the DNA repair pathways. We also discuss recent progress in therapeutic RAS targeting and propose future directions for the field.
From Mice to Men: Generation of Human Blastocyst-Like Structures In Vitro
Authors: Luijkx Dorian , Shankar Vinidhra , van Blitterswijk Clemens , Giselbrecht Stefan , Vrij Erik
Published: March 2022

Advances in the field of stem cell-based models have in recent years lead to the development of blastocyst-like structures termed blastoids. Blastoids can be used to study key events in mammalian pre-implantation development, as they mimic the blastocyst morphologically and transcriptionally, can progress to the post-implantation stage and can be generated in large numbers. Blastoids were originally developed using mouse pluripotent stem cells, and since several groups have successfully generated blastocyst models of the human system. Here we provide a comparison of the mouse and human protocols with the aim of deriving the core requirements for blastoid formation, discuss the models’ current ability to mimic blastocysts and give an outlook on potential future applications.
Human Intestinal Organoids: Promise and Challenge
Authors: Taelman Jasin , Diaz Mònica , Guiu Jordi
Published: March 2022

The study of human intestinal biology in healthy and diseased conditions has always been challenging. Primary obstacles have included limited tissue accessibility, inadequate in vitro maintenance and ethical constrains. The development of three-dimensional organoid cultures has transformed this entirely. Intestinal organoids are self-organized three-dimensional structures that partially recapitulate the identity, cell heterogeneity and cell behaviour of the original tissue in vitro. This includes the capacity of stem cells to self-renew, as well as to differentiate towards major intestinal lineages. Therefore, over the past decade, the use of human organoid cultures has been instrumental to model human intestinal development, homeostasis, disease, and regeneration. Intestinal organoids can be derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSC) or from adult somatic intestinal stem cells (ISC). Both types of organoid sources harbour their respective strengths and weaknesses. In this mini review, we describe the applications of human intestinal organoids, discussing the differences, advantages, and disadvantages of PSC-derived and ISC-derived organoids.
Covalent Patterning of Graphene for Controllable Functionalization from Microscale to Nanoscale: A Mini-Review
Authors: Li Zhi , Li Kai , Wang Shuang , Teng Chao
Published: March 2022

Covalent patterning of graphene opens many application possibilities in the field of photonics, electronics, sensors, and catalysis due to order-dependent optical properties, band structure engineering, and processibility and reactivity improvement. Owing to the low reactivity of the graphene basal plane, harsh reagents (e.g., radicals) used for covalent functionalization normally result in poor spatial control, which largely compromises the intrinsic properties of graphene. Therefore, precisely spatial control on covalent patterning of graphene is of great importance. Herein, we summarize recent advances for covalent patterning of graphene from the microscale to nanoscale resolution using different techniques such as laser or electrochemical writing, template-directed growth, and tip-induced nanoshaving.
WU Polyomavirus Infection in Children With Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in China, 2017 to 2019: Case Reports and Multicentre Epidemiological Survey
Authors: Zhao Hongwei , Xu Wenmiao , Wang Lijuan , Zhu Yun , Wang Xiaohui , Liu Yingchao , Ai Junhong , Feng Qianyu , Deng Li , Sun Yun , Li Changchong , Jin Rong , Shang Yunxiao , Gao Hengmiao , Qian Suyun , Xu Lili , Xie Zhengde
Published: March 2022

WU polyomavirus (WUPyV) is a novel member of the family Polyomaviridae recently detected in respiratory tract specimens. So far, it has not been proven whether WUPyV is a real causative agent for respiratory diseases. In this study, we described two patients with fatal infection who had WUPyV detected in their nasopharyngeal swabs. Furthermore, we conducted a multicentre study in six hospitals from different districts of China. WUPyV was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction assays, and the clinical and molecular epidemiological characteristics of WUPyV strains among hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infections all around China from 2017 to 2019 were analysed. Two complete WUPyV genome sequences were assembled from fatal patients’ airway specimens. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that they were most closely related to strains derived from Fujian and Chongqing, China, in 2008 and 2013, respectively. In 2017–2019, a total of 1,812 samples from children with acute lower respiratory tract infections were detected for WUPyV, of which 11 (0.6%) were positive. Children aged ≤5 were more susceptible to WUPyV infection. A total of 81.8% of WUPyV-positive patients were coinfected with other viruses, of which rhinovirus enjoyed the highest frequency. The main clinical symptoms of infected patients include fever, coughing and sputum expectoration. Most patients were diagnosed with pneumonia, followed by bronchial surgery. Three patients manifested severe infection, and all patients improved and were discharged. Our results show that WUPyV persistently circulates in China. Further investigations on the clinical role and pathogenicity of WUPyV are necessary.
English Features in Saudi Arabia: A Syntactic Study Within the World Englishes Framework
Authors: AlShurfa Nuha , Alotaibi Norah , Alrawi Maather , Elyas Tariq
Published: March 2022

Saudi English has recently emerged as a new variety within the World Englishes framework. Many scholars have argued that there is still a gap in the literature and more studies on Saudi English are needed. This study hopes to contribute to the growing research interest in Saudi English studies. The current study aims to identify Saudi English syntactic characteristics classified in relation to noun phrase, verb phrase, prepositional phrase, and clausal structure. Data were collected using three methods: conversation in natural settings, open-ended questions, and students' writings. The findings confirm that substrate-superstrate interaction affects many syntactic characteristics of Saudi English.
A Theory of City Biogeography and the Origin of Urban Species
Authors: Dunn Robert R. , Burger Joseph Robert , Carlen Elizabeth J. , Koltz Amanda M. , Light Jessica E. , Martin Ryan A. , Munshi-South Jason , Nichols Lauren M. , Vargo Edward L. , Yitbarek Senay , Zhao Yuhao , Cibrián-Jaramillo Angélica
Published: March 2022

Many of the choices humans make with regard to infrastructure, urban planning and other phenomena have impacts that will last thousands of years. This can readily be seen in modern cities in which contemporary streets run along street grids that were laid out thousands of years prior or even in which ancient viaducts still play a role. However, rarely do evolutionary biologists explicitly consider the future of life likely to be associated with the decisions we are making today. Here, we consider the evolutionary future of species in cities with a focus on the origin of lineages and species. We do so by adjusting evolutionary predictions from the theory of island biogeography so as to correspond to the unique features of cities as islands. Specifically, the species endemic to cities tend to be associated with the gray habitats in cities. Those habitats tend to be dominated by human bodies, pet bodies and stored food. It is among such species where the origin of new lineages is most likely, although most research on evolution in cities has focused on green habitats. We conclude by considering a range of scenarios for the far future and their implications for the origin of lineages and species.
Insights Into the Low Rate of In-Pump Thrombosis With the HeartMate 3: Does the Artificial Pulse Improve Washout?
Authors: Fang Peng , Du Jianjun , Boraschi Andrea , Bozzi Silvia , Redaelli Alberto , Schmid Daners Marianne , Kurtcuoglu Vartan , Consolo Filippo , de Zélicourt Diane
Published: March 2022

While earlier studies reported no relevant effect of the HeartMate 3 (HM3) artificial pulse (AP) on bulk pump washout, its effect on regions with prolonged residence times remains unexplored. Using numerical simulations, we compared pump washout in the HM3 with and without AP with a focus on the clearance of the last 5% of the pump volume. Results were examined in terms of flush-volume (Vf, number of times the pump was flushed with new blood) to probe the effect of the AP independent of changing flow rate. Irrespective of the flow condition, the HM3 washout scaled linearly with flush volume up to 70% washout and slowed down for the last 30%. Flush volumes needed to washout 95% of the pump were comparable with and without the AP (1.3–1.4 Vf), while 99% washout required 2.1–2.2 Vf with the AP vs. 2.5 Vf without the AP. The AP enhanced washout of the bend relief and near-wall regions. It also transiently shifted or eliminated stagnation regions and led to rapid wall shear stress fluctuations below the rotor and in the secondary flow path. Our results suggest potential benefits of the AP for clearance of fluid regions that might elicit in-pump thrombosis and provide possible mechanistic rationale behind clinical data showing very low rate of in-pump thrombosis with the HM3. Further optimization of the AP sequence is warranted to balance washout efficacy while limiting blood damage.
Sex Differences in Cardiac Pathology of SARS-CoV2 Infected and Trypanosoma cruzi Co-infected Mice
Authors: Dhanyalayam Dhanya , Thangavel Hariprasad , Lizardo Kezia , Oswal Neelam , Dolgov Enriko , Perlin David S. , Nagajyothi Jyothi F.
Published: March 2022

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; CoV2) is a deadly contagious infectious disease. For those who survive COVID-19, post-COVID cardiac damage greatly increases the risk of cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Currently, the number of COVID-related cases are increasing in Latin America, where a major COVID comorbidity is Chagas' heart disease, which is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. However, the interplay between indeterminate Chagas disease and COVID-19 is unknown. We investigated the effect of CoV2 infection on heart pathology in T. cruzi infected mice (coinfected with CoV2 during the indeterminate stage of T. cruzi infection). We used transgenic human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (huACE2/hACE2) mice infected with CoV2, T. cruzi, or coinfected with both in this study. We found that the viral load in the hearts of coinfected mice is lower compared to the hearts of mice infected with CoV2 alone. We demonstrated that CoV2 infection significantly alters cardiac immune and energy signaling via adiponectin (C-ApN) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. Our studies also showed that increased β-adrenergic receptor (b-AR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play a major role in shifting the energy balance in the hearts of coinfected female mice from glycolysis to mitochondrial β-oxidation. Our findings suggest that cardiac metabolic signaling may differently regulate the pathogenesis of Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCM) in coinfected mice. We conclude that the C-ApN/AMPK and b-AR/PPAR downstream signaling may play major roles in determining the progression, severity, and phenotype of CCM and heart failure in the context of COVID.