bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERUMUSAN STRATEGI BAGI UNIVERSITAS PUTRA INDONESIA YPTK PADANG UNTUK MERAIH KEUNGGULAN BERSAING
Authors: Sari Vivi Nila , Ali Hapzi
Published: October 2019

Pendidikan mempunyai peran yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia, semakin tinggi pendidikan suatu bangsa semakin tinggi pula tingkat kemakmuran. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir terdapat fenomena pada Universitas Putra Indonesia Yptk Padang yaitu adanya fluktuasi jumlah mahasiswa baru. Dengan adanya fenomena tersebut yang berkepanjangan akan menimbulkan risiko atau dampak yang berpengaruh pada keuangan organisasi dan biaya belajar-mengajar. Dengan demikian organisasi harus mempunyai strategi yang selalu dievaluasi dan dirumuskan ulang untuk dapat bersaing dengan yang lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesesuaian antara perumusan strategi dan implementasi strategi Universitas Putra Indonesia Yptk Padang (PTS); untuk mengetahui perumusan strategi pada Universitas Putra Indonesia Yptk Padang (PTS); untuk merumuskan strategi baru bagi Universitas Putra Indonesia Yptk Padang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus. Hasil dari analisa evaluasi strategi bahwa asumsi kondisi internal dan eksternal dari beberapa unsur yang digunakan oleh Universitas Putra Indonesia Yptk Padang mengalami perubahan yang besar. Dengan adanya perubahan tersebut maka perlu perumusan strategi yang baru bagi Universitas Putra Indonesia Yptk Padang. Hasil dari perumusan strategi yang menggunakan beberapa alat analisis, seperti Matrik EFE, Matriks IFE, SWOT/TOWS, Matrik SPACE, Matrik IE, dan Matrik QSPM maka telah menghasilkan beberapa alternatif strategi yang dapat dipilih oleh Universitas Putra Indonesia Yptk Padang. Kesimpulannya dari penelitian ini adalah dari evaluasi strategi menghasilkan adanya perbedaan asumsi unsur pada kondisi asumsi internal dan eksternal dengan kondisi internal pada saat ini dan masa mendatang Universitas Putra Indonesia Yptk Padang. Dari hasil perumusan strategi dengan menggunakan beberapa alat analisis strategi, bahwa strategi yang sesuai dengan kondisi Universitas Putra Indonesia Yptk Padang adalah strategi intensif
SISTEM INFORMASI DAN PEMESANAN PENJUALAN PALLET KAYU MENDASARKAN WEB PADA PT. RKA PURWAKARTA
Authors: Apandi Ahmad
Published: October 2019

PT. Perusahaan Rizki Kartika Ariana Purwakarta adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam menjual palet kayu dalam melakukan pemasaran dan proses penjualan menggunakan cara manual. Ini berarti dari orang ke orang atau dari satu perusahaan ke perusahaan lain. Pada awalnya, perusahaan ini hanya memproduksi produk yang akan dijual ke daerah lokal atau hanya di Purwakarta. Untuk memperbesar dalam menjual produk, penulis mencoba untuk membuat pada aplikasi jual line atau berbasis web. Melalui aplikasi ini, pelanggan dapat membeli produk whithour menjual penjual wajah dengan wajah transaksi whichis dilakukan dengan menggunakan website harus memberikan kemudahan kepada banyak orang dan pelanggan dalam memiliki akses untuk melakukan hal ini, menggunakan pemrograman MySQL bahasa dan PHP (Hipertext bahasa pemrograman web)
Implementação de um modelo prático para definição do custo médio das refeições fornecidas aos pacientes:
Authors: ARAUJO RICHARD MEDEIROS , Nascimento Thiago Cavalcante , Correia Igor Souza
Published: October 2019

RESUMO: O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar, com base no método de Custeio por Absorção Integral, ou Total, o custo médio das refeições fornecidas aos pacientes. Para tanto, foi identificado todos os recursos consumidos pela área de produção para posterior alocação ao desjejum, almoço e jantar. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de pesquisa documental e de entrevistas com a coordenação do Setor de Hotelaria Hospitalar (SHH), das áreas de produção e apoio e com colaboradores que possuem relação com a produção do desjejum, almoço e jantar fornecidos aos pacientes, sendo realizado no período de novembro de 2016 a março de 2017. Por meio da apropriação de todos os recursos consumidos às refeições produzidas, identificou-se um custo médio de R$ 7,78 para o desjejum; de R$ 14,30 para o almoço; e R$ 13,92 para o jantar. O desenvolvimento do estudo, assim como a possibilidade de sua reprodução, foi viabilizado por meio do emprego de um método prático e de menor subjetividade para apuração do custo médio do desjejum, almoço e jantar fornecidos aos pacientes, permitindo a comparabilidade entre os valores encontrados com os de outros hospitais que desejem reproduzir esta metodologia.
Title page
Authors: Of the Journal Editorial board
Published: October 2019

Title page
Postoperative Pain Survival and Correlating Factors in Endometriosis Patients
Authors: Sumapradja Kanadi , Nuryadi Fitriana M.
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective: To determine the survival of pain complaints at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months and the correlation between age at diagnosis, age of menarche, parity, stage of disease and post-operative medication in endometriosis patient at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study with survival analysis method of 139 women of productive age with endometriosis who came to Gynecology Outpatient Clinic in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from January 2015 to January 2017. The patients were observed at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months after the surgery.

Results: Survival of pain complaints at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after endometriosis operation was 99.2%, 96.6%, 93% and 88.4% respectively. There was no significant correlation between post-operative pain survival and age of diagnosis (p=0.138), age of menarche (p=0.492), parity (p=0.110) and stage of disease (p=0.908). There was a significant correlation between post-operative medical therapy and pain complaints survival. Subjects who were given medication had a risk of 0.26 times (CI 95% 0.081-0.857) pain recurrence compared to those who were not.

Conclusion: Pain complaints survival were significantly associated with post-operative medical therapy, but not associated with age, age of menarche, parity and stage of disease.

Keywords: endometriosis, postoperative medical therapy, postoperative pain,  survival

 

Abstrak

Tujuan: Mengetahui kesintasan keluhan nyeri pada 3, 6, 9 dan 12 bulan dan hubungan antara usia saat diagnosis, usia menarke, paritas, stadium penyakit dan terapi medisinalis pasca pembedahan pada pasien endometriosis di RSUPN Dr.  Cipto Mangunkusumo.

Metode: Penelitian kohort prospektif pada 139 wanita usia produktif dengan metode analisis kesintasan pada pasien endometriosis yang datang ke Poliklinik Ginekologi RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo pada bulan Januari 2015 hingga Januari 2017. Pasien kemudian diobservasi pada bulan ke 3, 6, 9 dan 12 setelah operasi.

Hasil : Kesintasan keluhan nyeri pada bulan ke 3, 6, 9 dan 12 berturut-turut adalah 99,2%, 96,6%, 93% dan 88,4%. Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kesintasan nyeri pasca pembedahan dengan usia saat diagnosis (p=0,138), usia saat menarke (p=0,492), paritas (p=0,110) dan stadium penyakit (p=0,908). Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara terapi medisinalis pasca pembedahan dan kesintasan keluhan nyeri. Subyek yang mendapatkan terapi medisinalis pasca pembedahan memiliki risiko 0,26 kali mengalami kekambuhan nyeri dibandingkan dengan yang tidak.

Kesimpulan : Kesintasan keluhan nyeri memilki hubungan yang bermakna dengan terapi medisinalis pasca pembedahan namun tidak memiliki hubungan dengan usia saat diagnosis, usia menarke, paritas dan stadium penyakit.

Kata kunci: endometriosis, kesintasan, nyeri pasca pembedahan,  terapi medisinalis pasca pembedahan
FAZLA ÇALIŞMA ÜCRETİNİN HESAPLANMASI
Authors: MÜLAYİM Baki Oğuz , KAYIK AYDINALP Aslıhan
Published: October 2019

ÖZFazla çalışma, haftalık çalışma süresi olan kırk beş saatin üzerindeki çalışmalar olarak İş Kanunumuzun 41. maddesinin 1. fıkrasında tanımlanmaktadır.  Fazla sürelerle çalışma ise aynı maddenin üçüncü fıkrası gereğince haftalık çalışma süresinin 45 saatin altında kararlaştırıldığı durumlarda ortalama haftalık çalışma süresini aşan ve 45 saate kadar yapılan çalışmalardır. Fazla sürelerle çalışma kavramı, ilk kez 4857 sayılı İş Kanunu ile hukukumuza girmiştir. Fazla çalışmanın belirlenmesinde haftalık çalışma süresinin aşılması, ölçüt olarak belirlenmiştir. Ancak gece çalışmasının yanı sıra yasal olarak günlük çalışma süresinin belirlendiği durumlarda bu ölçüt uygulanmaz. Bunların yanı sıra denkleştirme uygulaması yapılmasında da haftalık çalışma süresinin aşılmasına bakılmaz.Fazla çalışma ve fazla sürelerle çalışma kavramı, iş hukukunda işçiler ile işverenler arasında en sık rastlanan uyuşmazlıklar arasında yer alır. Bu nedenle doğacak uyuşmazlıkların çözümünde, fazla çalışmanın hesaplanması önemlidir.
Peran Kepuasan Konsumen Sebagai Pemediasi Praktek Kualitas dan Kinerja Bisnis UMKM di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Nurbismi Nurbismi , Gunawan Endra
Published: October 2019

The Purpose of this research is to determine the effect of quality practice on customer satisfaction and business performance of small and medium entreprises in Banda Aceh. In the research, customer satisfaction employeed as intervening variable between quality practice and business performance. The sample of the research are 50 owners of small and medium entreprises, and then model analysis operarationalized by  hierarchical linier methods. The research found that quality practice has a significant and positive effect on customer satisfaction and business performance. The existence of customer satisfaction can be an intervening variable between business performance and quality practice. The mediating effect showed by customer satisfaction is partial mediating.
PERBEDAAN PENDAPATAN PETANI KEDELAI PESERTA DAN NON PESERTA PROGRAM UPSUS (UPAYA KHUSUS) DI KECAMATAN RANTAU RASAU KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR
Authors: Busyra Rizki Gemala , Risanuddin Risanuddin
Published: October 2019

Kecamatan Rantau Rasau Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur  merupakan salah satu wilayah dalam propinsi Jambi yang menerapkan kegiatan atau program UPSUS. Petani kedelai di Kecamatan Rantau Rasau tergabung dalam beberapa kelompok tani, namun belum semua kelompok tani mengikuti program UPSUS. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk menghitung pendapatan petani kedelai peserta dengan non perserta program UPSUS di Kecamatan Rantau Rasau Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Uji statistik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Uji Beda rata-rata atau Uji Z. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan usaha tani kedele untuk petani peserta UPSUS lebih tinggi dibanding dengan petani Non UPSUS, yaitu rata-rata pendapatan petani UPSUS adalah sebesar Rp. 8.753.145/Ha/MT dan petani Non UPSUS sebesar 1.256.431/Ha/MT. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara Pendapatan petani kedele peserta UPSUS dengan Non UPSUS di Kecamatan Rantau Rasau Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Rata-rata hasil produksi kedele untuk petani peserta UPSUS sebanyak 2206,45 Kg/Ha/MT  dengan harga jual Rp.6.500/Kg,  dengan rata-rata penerimaan adalah sebesar Rp. 14.341.935/Ha/MT,  Sedangkan rata-rata hasil produksi kedele petani Non UPSUS sebanyak 1129,03 Kg/Ha/MT  dengan harga jual Rp.6.000/Kg, dengan rata-rata penerimaan adalah sebesar Rp. 6.886.784/Ha/MT.Kata Kunci : Pendapatan,  UPSUS, Non UPSUS
Measurement Based Validation of an Electro-Pneumatic Gearbox Actuator
Authors: Szabó Ádám , Bécsi Tamás , Aradi Szilárd
Published: October 2019

The objective of the research is to analyze the behavior of the developed electro-pneumatic actuator model and compare it to the behavior of the real system. The actuator achieves the requested gear changes by moving the two pistons inside the cylinder and it is operated by three-way two-position solenoid valves. Since not all model parameters are exactly known, such as contraction coefficients and friction parameters, they can be estimated based on literature then they can be further tuned to minimize the error of the simulation. The developed nonlinear model is capable of describing the dynamic behavior of the gearbox actuator, thus it can be used to analyze the effects of constructional modifications and it can serve as Model in the Loop (MIL) environment for controller testing.
Hemodynamic Responses and G Protection Afforded by Three Different Anti-G Systems
Authors: Pollock Ross D. , Firth Rachel V. , Storey Jessica A. , Phillips Katherine E. , Connolly Desmond M. , Green Nicholas D. C. , Stevenson Alec T.
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND: UK Royal Air Force fast jet aircrew use three different anti-G systems, however, little objective comparison of the G protection they provide exists. The G-protection afforded by each system and associated hemodynamic responses were investigated.METHODS:
Ten subjects performed centrifuge acceleration exposures using Mk-10 (S1) and Mk-4 (S2) five-bladder anti-G trousers (AGT) and full coverage AGT plus pressure breathing for G-protection (PBG; S3). Measurements of relaxed G tolerance (RGT), eye-level blood pressure (BPeye), lower
body blood volume (LBV), stroke volume (SV) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were made during gradual onset runs (GOR) and rapid onset runs (ROR). The subjective effort required to maintain clear vision at +7 and +8 Gz provided an indication of the protection provided by the
system.RESULTS: All systems moderated decreases in SV and BPeye and increases in LBV under increased +Gz. S3 provided the greatest mean RGT during GOR (+6.2 Gz) and ROR (+6 Gz), reduced the effort required to maintain clear vision at up
to +8 Gz, prevented venous pooling and afforded the greatest rise in TPR. The majority of indices revealed no difference between S1 and S2 although RGT during the ROR was greater with S2 (+0.25 Gz).DISCUSSION: S3 effectively prevented pooling of blood in the
lower limbs under +Gz, despite the use of PBG, and offers an advantage over five-bladder AGT. Given the similarities of S1 and S2, it was unsurprising that the majority of indices measured were similar. The objective measurement of hemodynamic parameters provides useful information
for comparing the G-protection provided by anti-G systems.Pollock RD, Firth RV, Storey JA, Phillips KE, Connolly DM, Green NDC, Stevenson AT. Hemodynamic responses and G protection afforded by three different anti-G systems. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(11):925–933.
Rodolfo Margaria and the First Walk on the Moon
Authors: Grasso Gabriele S. , Beretta Egidio P. , Miserocchi Giuseppe A. , Riva Michele A.
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION: During the Cold War years, the Space Race was largely supported by the efforts of many engineers and scientists, in particular human physiologists. Rodolfo Margaria (1901–1983), director of the Institute of Human Physiology at the University of Milan, was
one of the most eminent and focused his studies on the mechanics of human locomotion in subgravity, in particular on the Moon’s surface. Long before the real Moon landing, Margaria was able to correctly theorize how astronauts would walk on lunar soil, what would be the optimal pattern
of progression, as well as determine the optimum and maximum speed at one-sixth of the Earth's gravity. On 21st July 1969 at 02:56 UTC, great excitement was aroused by the television images of Neil Armstrong's first steps on the Moon. Instead of walking, he moved around making small
leaps, as expected from Margaria and colleagues.Grasso GS, Beretta EP, Miserocchi GA, Riva MA. Rodolfo Margaria and the first walk on the Moon. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(11):982–985.
Intranasal Scopolamine for Motion Sickness
Authors: Stankovic Aleksandra S. , Alvarenga Donna L. , Coleman Daniels Vernie R. , Simmons Rita G. , Buckey Jay C. , Putcha Lakshmi
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION: Rapid onset, noninjection methods are required to provide “as needed” therapy for motion sickness. Intranasal scopolamine (IN SCOP) is attractive because it can be fast acting and work when gastric motility is slowed. Intranasal administration can provide
a time to maximal concentration (Tmax) of drugs (e.g., naloxone and midazolam) of 30 min or less. We evaluated the efficacy, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of IN SCOP in a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, dose-ranging study, and compared pharmacokinetic outcomes
against other published results.METHODS: There were 18 healthy adult volunteers (10 M, 8F) who received placebo, low dose (0.2 mg), and high dose (0.4 mg) IN SCOP intranasally using a pump device and a gel formulation. Participants rode in an off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) chair
1.25 h after dose administration and completed neurocognitive tests to evaluate secondary drug impacts. Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) were assessed in eight subjects. PK data were compared to results from previously published studies.RESULTS: Low and high dose
IN SCOP increased chair time significantly compared to placebo. No significant sleepiness or cognitive impairment was seen, likely due to the small sample size. Tmax was long for both dosages (High dose 75.0 ± 49.4 min, Low dose 61.9 ± 37.1 min), compared to other
intranasally administered drugs and some previous studies with IN SCOP. Average Tmax was not superior to previously published values for dose-matched (0.4–0.5 mg), orally-delivered SCOP.DISCUSSION: IN SCOP has potential as a rapid administration route for relieving
MS symptoms, but more work is needed to identify optimal intranasal formulation and dispensing methods.KEYWORDS: Motion sickness, pharmacokinetics, scopolamine, intranasal administration.Stankovic AS, Alvarenga DL, Daniels VRC, Simmons RG, Buckey JC, Putcha L. Intranasal
scopolamine for motion sickness. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(11):917–924.
SOCIAL MEDIA AND PARA SOCIAL INTERACTION AMONG LEBANESE YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: Araigy Melissa Samir
Published: October 2019

This research is designed to see the level of parasocial interaction among Lebanese young adults aged 18-35 years old. The data of 50 respondents were analyzed using the descriptive technique. The results showed that the level of parasocial interaction among Lebanese young adults is neutral. Results also showed that Instagram is the most used social networking sites to follow celebrities. In addition, the time spent on social media among Lebanese young adults is 3-5 hours per day, which might increase the level of parasocial interaction in the future.
Continuity and change: the voices of Scottish librarians
Authors: Davidson Emma
Published: October 2019

This article reflects on the evolution of public libraries in Scotland and, in particular, the impact and consequences of austerity measures on Andrew Carnegie's foundational belief that public libraries are for the ‘good of the people’. It does this first by situating Scottish libraries in their historical context and examining MacDougall's (2017) rich accounts of those working in the sector from the 1930s to late 1990s. This was demonstrably a period of profound social change, and one which offered the sector multiple opportunities. Library services were able to evolve and expand, both as a profession, and in their position as a core public service in local communities. The second part of the article turns to data collected as part of ongoing research funded by the Leverhulme Trust on the value of the modern public library. The accounts presented are from those currently working with, and for, public libraries. Continuity is observed in the fundamental principles that library staff aspire to uphold. The critical change is in their ability to deliver these principles in the face of ever-increasing austerity cuts, experienced as a continual ‘chipping’ away of services. This, combined with growing demands for welfare services from communities increasingly burdened by poverty, means the library service is more important than ever before – yet in a greater position of precariousness.
The use of the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation as an indicator to evaluate the impact of policy on widening access to higher education
Authors: Paterson Lindsay , Blackburn Lucy Hunter , Weedon Elisabet
Published: October 2019

Policy on widening access to higher education in Scotland is defined mainly in terms of students who live in deprived areas as defined by the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation. Although area measures can be informative, and are convenient because they require only a postcode to classify any person into a deprivation category, they are crude. We use data from the Higher Education Statistics Agency, the Growing Up in Scotland Survey and the Scottish Household Survey to analyse the extent to which neighbourhood measures can be used as the basis of valid indicators of widening access. We conclude that they are flawed, although not wholly useless, and ought to be supplemented by more valid measures of students' social circumstances.
Modern view of the solar wind from micro to macro scales
Authors: Petrukovich A A , Malova H V , Popov V Yu , Maiewski E V , Izmodenov V V , Katushkina O A , Vinogradov A A , Riazantseva MO , Rakhmanova L S , Podladchikova T V , Zastenker G N , Yermolaev Yu I , Lodkina I G , Chesalin L S
Published: October 2019

Solar wind — a plasma stream flowing out of the solar corona — is interesting both as a carrier of solar activity and as an example of a collisionless plasma. We present the main results of Russian studies in recent years. The original MHD model allows interpreting the bifurcation of the heliospheric current sheet during maximum activity years as occurring due to the quadrupole component of the heliomagnetic field. On a scale of the order of millions of kilometers, the solar wind consists of transient solar formations. On these scales, one of the basic geomagnetic forecast problems has been solved: it was shown that the interplanetary magnetic field can be assumed stable at times of about three hours. At small scales (hundreds to thousands of kilometers), local structures are formed that can be regarded, both individually and statistically, as turbulent cascades.
RECOVERY OF A FUNCTION FROM INTEGRAL DATA ON BROKEN LINES AND SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF AN OBJECT
Authors: Begmatov Akbar
Published: October 2019

We consider problems of function recovery from its given integrals with known weight function over broken lines in a strip and connected first kind integral equations of Volterra type. Uniqueness and stability questions for considered problems are studied, inversion formula is obtained. Problems of numerical solution of the considered problems are investigated.
HYDROGEOCHEMICAL ANOMALIES OF THE BAYDAR VALLEY (CRIMEAN PENINSULA)
Authors: Novikov Dmitry , Nichkova Larisa , Chernykh Anatoly , Dultsev Fedor , Zhitova Lyudmila , Sigora Galina
Published: October 2019

The results of complex hydrogeochemical studies of the Baydar Valley natural waters, tested during the expedition work in November 2018, are presented. Fresh and ultrafresh waters are predominantly developed in the region, mainly Ca HCO3 сomposition with a total mineralization value of 194 to 1137 mg/dm3. It has been established that the contents of the main macro- and microcomponents in almost all studied water points do not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations. To date, a complex hydrogeochemical field has been formed in the Baydar Valley, which is greatly influenced by the anthropogenic factor.
ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION AT THE EXPENSE OF FUNDS OF SUBSOIL USERS AND THE FEDERAL BUDGET FOR THE YEARS 2000-2018 IN EASTERN SIBERIA AND SAKHA REPUBLIC (YAKUTIA)
Authors: Konstantinova Larisa , Gordeeva Alevtina , Belova Elena , Bobkova Elizabeth , Adiyarova Natalia , Kuznetsova Elena , Moiseev Sergey , Fomin Andrey
Published: October 2019

To date, in the areas of distributed subsoil Fund there is a General tendency to reduce the volume of 2D seismic exploration and increase 3D. The main volumes of deep drilling were carried out in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). In total, during the study period, subsoil users discovered 39 fields, which generally compensates for the costs, but for more efficient exploration, subsoil users also need to increase the volume of 2D seismic exploration.
ORGANIC MATTER OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS FROM THE ZONE HYDROTHERMAL ACTIVITY (FROLIKHA BAY, NORTH BAYKAL)
Authors: Kostyreva Elena , Kashirtsev Vladimir , Moskvin Valeriy , Bukin Sergei , Khabuev Andrey
Published: October 2019

The organic matter of bottom sediments enriched by biomass of plankton or pine needles has been studied with a complex of geochemical methods (pyrolysis, bituminological and biomarker analyses). The maturity of the organic matter remains low (PK1) even after thermobaric cultivation (in conditions of protokatageneza at temperature of +80°С and pressure of 25 bar).
What We Know about How to Mobilize College Students to Vote
Authors: Bennion Elizabeth , Nickerson David
Published: October 2019

This paper introduces readers to the political science literature on voter mobilization, highlighting what we know (and what we wish we knew) about getting college students to vote in the United States. The purpose of the paper is to provide advice to those wishing to mobilize student voters and to help set a research agenda for the future. We focus on experiments designed to test the effectiveness of specific techniques to register and engage young voters, documenting practical steps that have proven effective across campuses. While only 40% of 18-24 year olds are enrolled in college, and turnout is lower for non-college youth, college students represent a population that academics should be best positioned to mobilize and turn into voters.
Recent Advances in Anomaly Detection Methods Applied to Aviation
Authors: Basora Luis , Olive Xavier , Dubot Thomas
Published: October 2019

Anomaly detection is an active area of research with numerous methods and applications. This survey reviews the state-of-the-art of data-driven anomaly detection techniques and their application to the aviation domain. After a brief introduction to the main traditional data-driven methods for anomaly detection, we review the recent advances in the area of neural networks, deep learning and temporal-logic based learning. In particular, we cover unsupervised techniques applicable to time series data because of their relevance to the aviation domain, where the lack of labeled data is the most usual case, and the nature of flight trajectories and sensor data is sequential, or temporal. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are presented in terms of computational efficiency and detection efficacy. The second part of the survey explores the application of anomaly detection techniques to aviation and their contributions to the improvement of the safety and performance of flight operations and aviation systems. As far as we know, some of the presented methods have not yet found an application in the aviation domain. We review applications ranging from the identification of significant operational events in air traffic operations to the prediction of potential aviation system failures for predictive maintenance.
Trichothecene Genotypes Analysis of Fusarium Isolates from di-, tetra- and Hexaploid Wheat
Authors: Duba Adrian , Goriewa-Duba Klaudia , Wachowska Urszula
Published: October 2019

New sources of resistance to fungal diseases, including FHB (Fusarium head blight), need to be identified. The results of research investigating ancient wheat species with desirable traits appear promising. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Fusarium culmorum (W. G. Sm.) Sacc., F. graminearum Schwabe, F. poae (Peck) Wollenw, F. avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc. and F. langsethiae Torp & Nirenberg in the grain and glumes of diploid Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum, tetraploid T. turgidum ssp. dicoccum, T. turgidum ssp. polonicum and T. turgidum ssp. durum, and hexaploid T. aestivum ssp. spelta and T. aestivum ssp. aestivum grown in north-eastern and south-eastern Poland and to analyze the trichothecene genotypes of the isolated strains. The results of this study also point to shifts in the genotype of Polish F. culmorum and F. graminearum populations from 3-ADON to NIV and 15-ADON to 3-ADON genotypes, respectively. Our findings indicate that selected einkorn lines could potentially be used as sources of genetic material for breeding new varieties resistant to FHB. The fungal genotypes should be closely screened in Poland and the neighboring countries to assess the effects of potential genotypes profile change on fungal virulence, toxin loading and host specificity.
Differences in Mineral Phase Associated Soil Organic Matter Composition due to Varying Tillage Intensity
Authors: Jakab Gergely , Filep Tibor , Király Csilla , Madarász Balázs , Zacháry Dóra , Ringer Marianna , Vancsik Anna , Gáspár Lilla , Szalai Zoltán
Published: October 2019

The volume of soil organic matter (SOM) changes, owing to variations in tillage systems. Conservation tillage (CT) is a useful method for recovering the SOM content of crop fields. However, little is known about the SOM composition of silt- and clay-associated and aggregate-occluded organic matter (OM). The present study aimed at determining the SOM compositions of various SOM fractions in the same Luvisol in a native forest and under ploughing and CT. SOM fractions (silt and clay associated; sand and aggregates associated; restricted OM) were characterized using diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The size of both the aggregate-occluded and resistant SOM pools increased, owing to the shift in the tillage system to CT for 15 years. As a general trend, the soil organic carbon content was inversely proportional to aromaticity under both crop fields, which supported the preferential mineralization of aliphatic components in each fraction. The shift in the tillage system could trigger rapid qualitative changes even in the stable restricted carbon pools; nevertheless, it was difficult to distinguish between the role of OM and the mineral composition in the FTIR spectra. In particular, the clay-related organic-mineral complexes could trigger difficulties in the traditional interpretation methods.
Melatonin Stimulates Activities and Expression Level of Antioxidant Enzymes and Preserves Functionality of Photosynthetic Apparatus in Hickory Plants (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) under PEG-Promoted Drought
Authors: Wang Junfeng , Chen Juanjuan , Sharma Anket , Tao Shenchen , Zheng Bingsong , Landi Marco , Yuan Huwei , Yan Daoliang
Published: October 2019

Nowadays, drought is one of the major abiotic factors which negatively affects growth and development of several fruit tree species, including Chinese hickory plants (Carya cathayensis Sarg.). The present investigation was conducted to study the possible positive effects of melatonin in drought resistance of C. cathayensis plants along with associated mechanisms. It was observed that melatonin pre-treatment applied before limited water availability significantly contrasted drought-promoted negative effects in terms of plant growth and physiological responses. Significant improvement was observed in key biological parameters like relative water content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, maximum photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), and PSII electron transport rate. Antioxidant apparatus was also stimulated by melatonin and enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were noticed along with higher accumulation of proline. Gene expression studies herein revealed that melatonin promoted the up-regulation of the expression of SOD (70.7%), CAT (32.7%), and APX (66.5%) genes. As a consequence, accumulation of malondialdehyde by-products and leaf symptoms were reduced in melatonin-treated plants. All these observations offer the clear evidence that pre-treatment with melatonin ameliorate the performance of Chinese hickory plants against drought stress.
Morphological Traits, Kernel Composition and Sensory Evaluation of Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Cultivars Grown in Poland
Authors: Król Katarzyna , Gantner Magdalena , Piotrowska Anna
Published: October 2019

In the present study, the nut and kernel traits of six hazelnut cultivars (‘Barceloński’, ‘Kataloński’, ‘Webba Cenny’, ‘Olbrzym z Halle’, ‘Cosford’, and ‘Nottinghamski’) grown in Poland were investigated. Results showed that significant differences estimated among all six cultivars with all selected morphological traits and compositional properties. During statistical analysis the year of the study was not found to affect most of the investigated traits. The investigated cultivars showed a lower protein content (11.27–13.44%), higher carbohydrate content (16.40–21.79%) and similar fat content (58.91–63.83%) to nuts grown in a warmer climate like Turkey, Italy or Spain. The studied hazelnut varieties were large-sized with diameters greater than 20 mm. The nuts of the ‘Barceloński’, ‘Kataloński’ and ‘Olbrzym z Halle’ cultivars were characterized by the smallest diameters of nut and kernel, were the most spherical (0.85–0.95) and exhibited the largest average nut volume (4.26–4.46). Significant differences were found between the cultivars for oil content and the ratios of major fatty acids. The QDA results, estimated that other than shape, the evaluated nuts significantly differed only in the intensity of nutty flavor (4.88–5.92). The highest intensity of this attribute was found in three cultivars, ‘Nottinghamski’, ‘Cosford’, ‘Olbrzym z Halle’, whereas the lowest estimate was found in the ‘Barceloński’ cultivar, which was also slightly less sweet and more bitter. As a result, the present study showed that the investigated hazelnut kernels can be divided into two groups: ‘Nottinghamski’, ‘Cosford’, and ‘Webba Cenny’ are suitable for table consumption, while ‘Barceloński’, ‘Kataloński’, and ‘Olbrzym z Halle’ are suitable for the processing industry. The current experimental results may help to growers and breeders when choosing the cultivars for new plantations and possibilities of destinations of the produced nuts, for confectionery use or table consumption.
Domestication in Real Time: The Curious Case of a Trigenomic Sunflower Population
Authors: Ekar Jill , Betts Kevin , Herman Adam , Stupar Robert , Wyse Donald , Brandvain Yaniv , Kantar Michael
Published: October 2019

This study chronicles the ongoing process to domesticate an interspecific trigenomic tetraploid hybrid sunflower derived from a series of interspecific crosses between Helianthus annuus and Helianthus tuberosus. The goal of this process is to develop a perennial oilseed crop that can produce both high value vegetable oil and continuous ground-cover. Selection has focused on developing an ideotype with the domesticated morphology of H. annuus and the below-ground perennial features of H. tuberosus. The overarching challenge in the process of breeding and domesticating this interspecific perennial sunflower is overcoming obstacles associated with interploid meiosis in order to resolve a chromosomally stable hybrid population. As selection progresses through generations of intermating, there are improvements toward the desired ideotype, but selection efficiency is slowed by apparent antagonisms between annual- and perennial morphological targets and irregular meiosis which is especially problematic in a trigenomic tetraploid. This shows that keys toward perennial crop development through interspecific hybridization will be to capitalize on the abundant phenotypic variation within our population, achieve meiotic stability in order to maximize selection efficiency, and to break genetic correlations between annual and perennial traits.
Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of Italian Beef Breeds as a Tool for Planning Conservation and Selection Strategies
Authors: Fabbri Maria Chiara , Gonçalves de Rezende Marcos Paulo , Dadousis Christos , Biffani Stefano , Negrini Riccardo , Souza Carneiro Paulo Luiz , Bozzi Riccardo
Published: October 2019

The aim was to investigate the population structure of eight beef breeds: three local Tuscan breeds under extinction, Calvana (CAL), Mucca Pisana (MUP), and Pontremolese (PON); three local unselected breeds reared in Sardinia, Sarda (SAR), Sardo Bruna (SAB), and Sardo Modicana (SAM); and two cosmopolitan breeds, Charolais (CHA) and Limousine (LIM), reared in the same regions. An effective population size ranges between 14.62 (PON) to 39.79 (SAM) in local breeds, 90.29 for CHA, and 135.65 for LIM. The average inbreeding coefficients were higher in Tuscan breeds (7.25%, 5.10%, and 3.64% for MUP, CAL, and PON, respectively) compared to the Sardinian breeds (1.23%, 1.66%, and 1.90% in SAB, SAM, and SAR, respectively), while for CHA and LIM they were <1%. The highest rates of mating between half-siblings were observed for CAL and MUP (~9% and 6.5%, respectively), while the highest rate of parent–offspring mating was ~8% for MUP. Our findings describe the urgent situation of the three Tuscan breeds and support the application of conservation measures and/or the development of breeding programs. Development of breeding strategies is suggested for the Sardinian breeds.
Early Pregnancy Induces Expression of STAT1, OAS1 and CXCL10 in Ovine Spleen
Authors: Wang Yujiao , Han Xu , Zhang Leying , Cao Nan , Cao Lidong , Yang Ling
Published: October 2019

Interferon-tau is a maternal recognition factor in ruminant species, and spleen plays an essential role in regulating innate and adaptive immune responses. However, it is not fully understood that early pregnancy induces expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) in the spleen during early pregnancy in ewes. In this study, spleens were collected from ewes at day 16 of the estrous cycle, and on days 13, 16, and 25 of gestation (n = 6 for each group), and RT-qPCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to detect the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), 2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), myxovirusresistance protein 1 (Mx1) and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10). The results revealed that STAT1, OAS1 and CXCL10 mRNA and proteins were upregulated in the spleens during early pregnancy, and STAT1 protein was located in connective tissue cells in the capsule and trabeculae, and blood cells and lymphocytes in the red pulp. However, early pregnancy had no significant effects on expression of MX1 mRNA and protein. In conclusion, early pregnancy induces expression of STAT1, OAS1 and CXCL10 in maternal spleen, suggesting that maternal spleen is involved in immune regulation of pregnancy in sheep.
Combating Antimicrobial Resistance in Singapore: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Policy Context, Challenges, Facilitators, and Proposed Strategies
Authors: Singh Shweta Rajkumar , Chua Alvin Qijia , Tan Sok Teng , Tam Clarence C. , Hsu Li Yang , Legido-Quigley Helena
Published: October 2019

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat that warrants urgent attention. However, the multifaceted nature of AMR often complicates the development and implementation of comprehensive policies. In this study, we describe the policy context and explore experts’ perspectives on the challenges, facilitators, and strategies for combating AMR in Singapore. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 21 participants. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and were analyzed thematically, adopting an interpretative approach. Participants reported that the Ministry of Health (MOH) has effectively funded AMR control programs and research in all public hospitals. In addition, a preexisting One Health platform, among MOH, Agri-Food & Veterinary Authority (restructured to form the Singapore Food Agency and the Animal & Veterinary Service under NParks in April 2019), National Environment Agency, and Singapore’s National Water Agency, was perceived to have facilitated the coordination and formulation of Singapore’s AMR strategies. Nonetheless, participants highlighted that the success of AMR strategies is compounded by various challenges such as surveillance in private clinics, resource constraints at community-level health facilities, sub-optimal public awareness, patchy regulation on antimicrobial use in animals, and environmental contamination. This study shows that the process of planning and executing AMR policies is complicated even in a well-resourced country such as Singapore. It has also highlighted the increasing need to address the social, political, cultural, and behavioral aspects influencing AMR. Ultimately, it will be difficult to design policy interventions that cater for the needs of individuals, families, and the community, unless we understand how all these aspects interact and shape the AMR response.
Nursing Students’ Knowledge and Awareness of Antibiotic Use, Resistance and Stewardship: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Rábano-Blanco Andrea , Domínguez-Martís Eva María , Mosteiro-Miguéns Diego Gabriel , Freire-Garabal Manuel , Novío Silvia
Published: October 2019

Antibiotic resistance is an emerging worldwide concern with serious repercussions in terms of morbi-mortality. Bearing in mind that the inadequate use of antibiotics, by healthcare staff as well as by the general population, is one of its main causes, a multidisciplinary approach is required to try to combat it. The aim of the present study was to determine nursing students’ knowledge and awareness of antibiotic use, resistance and stewardship. A cross-sectional design was used. A total of 578 nursing students from the University of Santiago de Compostela (Spain), ≥18 years old of both sexes were invited to complete the Spanish version of the questionnaire “Knowledge and awareness of the use, resistance and administration of antibiotics” between February and April 2019. Students had a low level of knowledge about antibiotics, 4.1 (CI95% = 3.4–4.8), especially in relation to antibiotic resistance. As the students were aware of this deficiency, the majority affirmed (>90%) that the current curriculum of nursing degree should have more training on antibiotics and infection control. Nursing staff play an important role in the rational use of antibiotics and as teachers of patients, so their training could be key in fighting antibiotic resistance.
Candida albicans Biofilm Heterogeneity and Tolerance of Clinical Isolates: Implications for Secondary Endodontic Infections
Authors: Alshanta Om Alkhir , Shaban Suror , Nile Christopher J , McLean William , Ramage Gordon
Published: October 2019

Aim: Endodontic infections are caused by the invasion of various microorganisms into the root canal system. Candida albicans is a biofilm forming yeast and the most prevalent eukaryotic microorganism in endodontic infections. In this study we investigated the ability of C. albicans to tolerate treatment with standard endodontic irrigants NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and a combination thereof. We hypothesized that biofilm formed from a panel of clinical isolates differentially tolerate disinfectant regimens, and this may have implications for secondary endodontic infections. Methodology: Mature C. albicans biofilms were formed from 30 laboratory and oral clinical isolates and treated with either 3% NaOCl, 17% EDTA or a sequential treatment of 3% NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA for 5 min. Biofilms were then washed, media replenished and cells reincubated for an additional 24, 48 and 72 h at 37 °C. Regrowth was quantified using metabolic reduction, electrical impedance, biofilm biomass and microscopy at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. Results: Microscopic analysis and viability readings revealed a significant initial killing effect by NaOCl, followed by a time dependent significant regrowth of C. albicans, but with inter-strain variability. In contrast to NaOCl, there was a continuous reduction in viability after EDTA treatment. Moreover, EDTA significantly inhibited regrowth after NaOCl treatment, though viable cells were still observed. Conclusions: Our results indicate that different C. albicans biofilm phenotypes grown in a non-complex surface topography have the potential to differentially tolerate standard endodontic irrigation protocols. This is the first study to report a strain dependent impact on efficacy of endodontic irrigants. Its suggested that within the complex topography of the root canal, a more difficult antimicrobial challenge, that existing endodontic irrigant regimens permit cells to regrow and drive secondary infections.
Sideritis Perfoliata (Subsp. Perfoliata) Nutritive Value and Its Potential Medicinal Properties
Authors: Lall Namrita , Chrysargyris Antonios , Lambrechts Isa , Fibrich Bianca , Blom Van Staden Analike , Twilley Danielle , de Canha Marco Nuno , Oosthuizen Carel Basson , Bodiba Dikonketso , Tzortzakis Nikolaos
Published: October 2019

Sideritis perfoliata L. subsp. perfoliata is an endemic species of the Eastern Mediterranean region with several uses in traditional medicine. The present study aims to explore the unknown properties of S. perfoliata investigating the nutritional content as well as the antioxidant, anticancer, antituberculosis, antiwrinkle, anti-acne, hyper/hypo-pigmentation and antibacterial activities. Mineral content, nutritional value, the composition and antioxidant properties of the essential oil, the antityrosinase, the antibacterial activity and anti-elastase potential of the extract, were evaluated. The antiproliferative activity of S. perfoliata against cervical cancer (HeLa), human melanoma (UCT-Mel-1), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and human epidermoid carcinoma (A431) was investigated. Cytotoxic effects on normal human keratinocyte (HaCat) and kidney epithelial (Vero) cell lines were also determined. Sideritis perfoliata exhibited high nutritional value of proteins and minerals (K, P, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu). The most abundant components of the essential oil were found to be α-pinene, β-phelladrene, valeranone, β-pinene and sabinene. The ethanolic extract of S. perfoliata displayed moderate antioxidant potential and antibacterial activity against Prevotella intermedia. Noteworthy elastase and moderate anticancer potential against the human liver cancer cell line (HepG2) was observed with IC50 values of 57.18 ± 3.22 μg/mL and 64.27 ± 2.04 μg/mL respectively. The noteworthy in vitro activity of S. perfoliata could be due to the presence of flavonoids and phenols in the leaves, having high nutritional value. Sideritis perfoliata could potentially be useful to reduce the appearance of wrinkles and for the treatment of liver cancer. The moderate antibacterial, antioxidant and elastase activity of the plant can be linked to the traditional use of S. perfoliata for the treatment of wounds and inflammation.
Super-Multi-Junction Solar Cells—Device Configuration with the Potential for More Than 50% Annual Energy Conversion Efficiency (Non-Concentration)
Authors: Araki Kenji , Ota Yasuyuki , Saiki Hiromu , Tawa Hiroki , Nishioka Kensuke , Yamaguchi Masafumi
Published: October 2019

The highest-efficiency solar cell in the efficiency race does not always give the best annual energy yield in real world solar conditions because the spectrum is always changing. The study of radiative coupling of concentrator solar cells implies that efficiency could increase by recycling the radiative recombination generated by the surplus current in the upper junction. Such a configuration is called a super-multi-junction cell. We expand the model in the concentrator solar cell to a non-concentrating installation. It is shown that this super-multi-junction cell configuration is robust and can keep maximum potential efficiency (50% in realistic spectrum fluctuation) for up to 10 junctions. The super-multi-junction cell is also robust in the bandgap engineering of each junction. Therefore, a future multi-junction may not be required for tuning the bandgap to match the standard solar spectrum, as well as relying upon artificial technologies such as epitaxial lift-off (ELO), wafer-bonding, mechanical-stacking, and reverse-growth, but merely uses upright and lattice-matching growth technologies. We present two challenging techniques; one is the optical cap layer that may be the directional photon coupling layer in the application of the photonics technologies, and another is the high-quality epitaxial growth with almost 100% radiative efficiency.