bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMATION OF SENSORY-ECOLOGICAL REPRESENTATIONS AMONG MODERN PRESCHOOLERS
Authors:   Moscow City University, ALISOV EVGENII A. , GUTOROVA NINA V. ,   Kindergarten of Care and Recovery no. 2
Published: April 2022

We consider the conceptual and methodological aspects of sensory-ecological representations formation of modern preschoolers. We define sensory-ecological representations as the cognitive basis for the development of a holistic attitude to the sensory-perceived world, which is a system of images, views that reflect the expressive features of objects that determine the nature of sensory perception. The concrete scientific level of work is provided by: the theory and practice of environmental education, the purpose of which is the formation of the ecological culture of the younger generation (first of all, the ecological consciousness of the individual); theories of developmental learning; modern theories and concepts of sensory education of preschool children. The dialogue of children and nature on a sensory basis is a primary condition for the formation of sensory-ecological representations of preschoolers. The interaction of preschoolers with representatives of flora and fauna, which cause a positive emotional reaction, is necessary. The purposeful pedagogical process of forming sensory-ecological representations of preschoolers was designed and implemented in the form of the cognitive and creative project “Rainbow Week”. SWOT-analysis shows beneficial and negative impacts of realized pedagogical process. The conclusion is made about the importance of the formation of sensory-ecological representations in the context of the formation of sensory-ecological culture of students. The results of the study can be used by educators of preschool educational organizations, teachers-psychologists to develop methodological materials and recommendations.
MANAGEMENT OF INTERACTION IN THE EDUCATIONAL COMMUNITY NETWORK
Authors:   Dr., Professor in Institute of Business of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus, Tkalich Tatsiana , Gorbachev Nikolay ,   PhD, Institute of Business of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus, Silkovich Yuri ,   Prof. PhD, Institute of Business of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
Published: April 2022

The aim of the study is to develop the concept of a knowledge management system that integrates educational content into a single environment of university knowledge using an extensible mathematical model of the subject area of university knowledge in the form of an ontology. The study is being carried out as part of the development of a pilot project on the development of business education at the Institute of Business of the Belarusian State University, and a project in the State Research Program "Methods for updating the content of education based on semantic technologies" (state registration number 20212245). The research methodology is based on the development approaches to modeling knowledge areas of the network educational community of the Institute of Business of Belarusian State University and the ontological model of the subject area of business education. As a result, the architecture of the educational content management system was developed within the framework of the knowledge management system of the university. This proved the effectiveness of online educational communities in business education, a significant increase in the quality of content through the use of a learning content management system.
Molecular simulation in surface hydration of clay minerals: a review of theory and applications
Authors: Min Fanfei , Wang Lujun , Chen Jun , Liu Chunfu , Ren Bao , Zhang Lianfeng , Zhu Yi
Published: April 2022

Clay minerals, which are prevalent gangue minerals, are found in tailings and beneficiation effluent after the extraction of valuable minerals. The surface of clay mineral particles is easy to hydrate, which makes it the main factor restricting tailings separation and wastewater treatment. However, the microscopic mechanism of clay mineral particle surface hydration is not yet systematic. In recent years, with the development of molecular simulation theory and the improvement of computational efficiency, density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) have gradually become a powerful tool for studying the surface hydration of clay mineral particles, which provides new insight into the interaction between the crystal structures of clay minerals and the interfacial interaction in surface hydration of clay mineral particles at the molecular or atomic levels. This article first reviews the basic theory of DFT and MD, then reviews the research progress on clay mineral surface hydration. From the perspective of molecular simulation, a comprehensive discussion of the clay mineral phase structure, the establishment of the supercell surface model, the clay-water interface interaction and the limitations of molecular simulation was conducted. Water molecules can adsorb with different mineral surfaces in slime water through hydrogen bond, which is the basis of surface hydration mechanism. The hydration layer is composed of three water layers with different densities, with a thickness of about 8-10 Å. Water and ions form hydrate cations, which are adsorbed on the surface of clay minerals, change the structure of water layer on the surface of minerals. This article ends with a brief discussion of conclusions and perspectives.
Post-proline Cleaving Enzymes (PPCEs): Classification, Structure, Molecular Properties, and Applications
Authors: Baharin Anis , Ting Tiew-Yik , Goh Hoe-Han
Published: April 2022

Proteases or peptidases are hydrolases that catalyze the breakdown of polypeptide chains into smaller peptide subunits. Proteases exist in all life forms, including archaea, bacteria, protozoa, insects, animals, and plants, due to their vital functions in cellular processing and regulation. There are several classes of proteases in the MEROPS database based on their catalytic mecha-nisms. This review focuses on the post-proline cleaving enzymes (PPCEs), especially the prolyl endoprotease/oligopeptidase (PEP/POP). To date, most PPCEs studied are of microbial and ani-mal origins. Recently, there are reports of new plant PPCEs. The most common PEP/POP are members of the S9 family that comprise two conserved domains. The substrate-limiting β-propeller domain prevents unwanted digestion, while the α/β hydrolase catalyzes reaction at the carboxyl-terminal of proline residues. PPCEs have diverse applications, are widely used in the beer brewing industry, and have potential as therapeutic agents for Alzheimer’s disease and celiac disease by targeting proline-rich substrates. Protein engineering via mutagenesis has been performed to improve heat resistance, pepsin-resistant capability, specificity, and protein turno-ver of PPCEs for pharmacological applications. This is the first comprehensive review to cover the biotechnological applications of PPCEs and discuss the unique prolyl cleaving activity of dif-ferent enzymes based on the recent structure-function studies from diverse taxa.
AMPK and TET2 Signaling Pathway and their Natural Activators
Authors: Patil Shivprasad , Sharma Rohit , Sharma Upendra , Padwad Yogendra
Published: April 2022

Emerging evidence suggests that sustained diabetes-associated factors such as inflammation, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperglycemia are major contributors to aberrant cell proliferation and subsequent neoplastic transformation. Epidemiological studies have also highlighted that diabetes promoting a sedentary lifestyle, with or without the direct involvement of insulin, is frequently linked to cancer. However, our knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms that correlate hyperglycemia to oncogenic transformations remains limited. In this regard, a recent study has proved that hyperglycemia inactivates AMPK, which results in the destabilization of the TET2 and its tumour-suppressive role ultimately predisposing diabetes mellitus patients to cancer. To the management of hyperglycemia associated with oncogenesis, we need to explore a reverse pharmacology-based ethnopharmacological approach. Botanical-derived natural products are structurally and functionally more diverse with fewer or no side effects on humans. The present review discusses the molecular link between hyperglycemia and cancer progression with the effect of natural products as therapeutic agents on the hyperglycemia-cancer associated signalling pathway.
Patients with Positive Lymph Nodes after Radical Prostatectomy with Pelvic Lymphadenectomy – Do We Know the Proper Way of Management?
Authors: Małkiewicz Bartosz , Knura Miłosz , Łątkowska Małgorzata , Kobylański Maximilian , Nagi Krystian , Janczak Dawid , Chorbińska Joanna , Krajewski Wojciech , Karwacki Jakub , Szydełko Tomasz
Published: April 2022

Lymph node invasion in prostate cancer is a significant prognostic factor indicating worse prognosis. While it affects significantly both survival rates and recurrence, proper management remains a heated issue. Thorough evaluation of risk factors associated with nodal involvement, such as lymph node density or extracapsular extension, is crucial to establish potential expansion of the disease and to substratify patients clinically. There are multiple strategies that may be taken into consideration for patients with positive lymph nodes. Nowadays therapeutic methods are generally based on observation, radiotherapy, and androgen deprivation therapy. However current guidelines are incoherent in terms of indication of the most effective management approach. Future management strategies will be expected to reach for novel diagnostic tools and therapies, such as photodynamic therapy or diagnostic imaging with prostate specific membrane antigen. Nevertheless, this heterogeneous group of men remains a vast therapeutic concern, and both clarification of the guidelines and optimal substratification of patients is required.
Existence and Uniqueness Theorems in the Inverse Problem of Recovering Surface Fluxes from Pointwise Measurements
Authors: Pyatkov Sergey Grigor'evich , Shilenkov Denis
Published: April 2022

Inverse problems of recovering surface fluxes on the boundary of a domain from pointwise observations are considered. Sharp conditions on the data ensuring existence and uniqueness of solutions in Sobolev classes are exposed. They are smoothness conditions on the data, geometric conditions on the location of measurement points, and the boundary of a domain. The proof relies on asymptotics of fundamental solutions to the corresponding elliptic problems and the Laplace transform. The problem is reduced to a linear algebraic system with a nondegerate matrix.
THE EFFECT OF CEO CHARACTERISTICS ON PRE-EARNINGS MANAGEMENT PROFITABILITY
Authors:   Universitas Riau, Putra Adhitya
Published: April 2022

This research aims to examine the effect of CEO characteristics on pre-earnings manage­ment profitability. CEO characteristics include gender, tenure, age, education level, founding-family status, and nationality. Pre-earnings management profitability is measured by return on assets minus discretionary accruals. Data analysis uses firm and year fixed-effect regression analysis. The result shows that female CEO, longer tenure CEO, CEO with higher education levels, and foreign CEO increase firms' profitability without engaging in earnings management. On the other hand, there is no effect of CEO age and founding-family status on pre-earnings management profitability. This research contributes to filling the gap of inconsistent previous findings of CEO characteristics and profitability by considering earnings management behavior.
Pengaruh Supervisi Akademik Pengawas Sekolah Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Guru Pada SMA/SMK di Kecamatan Pulau-Pulau Terselatan Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya Provinsi Maluku
Authors: Laimeheriwa Vemy
Published: April 2022

Abstract: The study aims at discovering (1) the description of teachers' working satisfaction, academic supervision of schools' supervisors, the principals' leadership in Pp. Terselatan subdistrict (the southern farthest islands subdistrict) and (2) the influence of academic supervision of schools' supervisors, the principals' leadership on working satisfaction of high school teachers in Pp Terselatan subdistrict. The research method consisted of (1) the type of ex-post-facto research, (2) the research population was the entire civil servant teachers included part-time teachers of SMA/SMK in Pp. Terselatan subdistrict with a total of 109 teachers, (3) the samples were 90 people which meant above the minimum sample limit based on Slovin formula, (4) the research variables consisted of one independent variable, mely academic supervision of schools' supervisors (X1), one variable of intervening the principals' leadership (X2), and one dependent variable, namely teachers' working satisfaction (Y), (5) data collection was in a form of a questionnaire, and (6) data analysis technique used descriptive analysis and inferential analysis techniques. The results showed that (1) School Supervisor Academic Supervision with a variance of 418.14 was in the fairly good category, Principal Leadership with a variance of 331.96 was in the fairly good category, and Teacher Job Satisfaction with a variance of 165.97 was in a good category; (2) there is a direct influence of School Supervisor Academic Supervision which is significant towards Principal Leadership at 12.53% with path coefficients of ⍴ = 354 > α = 0.05; (3) there is no direct influence of School Supervisory Academic Supervision on Teacher Job Satisfaction with a path coefficient of ρ = -0.158 < α = 0.05; (4) there is a direct effect of significant Principal Leadership on Teacher Job Satisfaction of 32.83% with path coefficients of ⍴ = 0.573 > α = 0.05, and (5) there is an indirect influence of School Supervisors Academic Supervision on Teacher Job Satisfaction through Principal Leadership amounting to 20.28%.
Depiction as substitution: from Gombrich to visual studies
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Nebolsin Daniil I.
Published: April 2022

This article is devoted to reconstruction, analysis and contextualization of a relatively lit­tle-known issue in history of interdisciplinary debates on the pictorial and the visual. Ac­cording to some theories, pictorial representation is described through the model where the image substitutes its subject. It turns out that this idea, which at first glance seems to be nothing more than a convenient explanatory metaphor, contains a number of unex­pected philosophical implications and directions for further development of this same idea. This is due to the fact that the concept of substitution allows one to step back from the usual idea of representation viewed as a similarity or a reference. Thus, the art histo­rian Ernst Gombrich came to the methodologically productive idea of dominance of the visual function over form, using substitution as the framework of a polemic against more traditional theories of images. For his part, the analytical philosopher Kendall Walton ex­tended Gombrich’s observations to the original theory of art, in which representation is explained through the concepts of fiction, imagination and participation; in turn, the philosopher of perception Alva Noë proposed a concept that clarifies relationships be­tween visual substitution, perceptual experience, and human cognitive abilities. This arti­cle also demonstrates that the concept of substitution is gaining special theoretical rele­vance due to its thematic proximity to the studies of recents decades, including those within the framework of visual studies, image theory and Bildwissenschaft. The author considers the most prominent examples of this proximity: discussions on the problems of pictorial presence, affective and irrational responses to images, as well as Horst Bre­dekamp’s concept in which substitution is treated as one of the forms of image acts. It is demonstrated that the concept of visual representation as substitution turns out to be a rather productive theoretical tool that makes it possible to consider the factors, which are rarely mentioned side by side, that can be significant for the studies of visual imagery. The paper also reveals the features of considered account due to which it may be applied as complementary to other theories of depiction.
Moshe Cordovero’s Kabbalah and its reception in Europe at the end of the 17th century
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Burmistrov Konstantin Yu.
Published: April 2022

Moshe ben Ya’akov Cordovero (1522–1570) was one of the most influential Kabbalists of the 16th century living in Safed in Northern Galilee (Ottoman Empire). The systematic explanation of the basic concepts of Kabbalah that he proposed had a significant impact on the subsequent development of Kabbalah. A characteristic feature of the views of Cor­dovero and his followers was the desire to “demythologize” Kabbalah, to create a synthe­sis of earlier views and to develop a unified speculative theory on their basis. At the same time, since the end of the 16th century, the Kabbalah school of Yitzhak Luria has gained increasing influence, striving to offer a completely new interpretation of the basic con­cepts of this teaching by remythologizing it. As a rule, it is believed that it was Luria’s Kabbalah that was at the center of interests of Christian researchers of Kabbalah of the 17th century, who in turn influenced the views of a number of European philosophers (H. More, G.W. Leibniz, J. Locke, F.C. Oetinger, F.X. von Baader, F.W.J. Schelling, F.J. Molitor and others). The article attempts to revise this idea and show that Cor­dovero’s Kabbalah was also very significant for the European thinkers of the 17th cen­tury, who were engaged in the translation and interpretation of Kabbalistic writings. The article is based on the analysis of the original Hebrew sources, as well as the Latin trans­lations, made in the late 17th century.
Social computations and the origin of moral norms
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikhailov Igor F.
Published: April 2022

The author proposes a conception in which society and a person are understood as a nested computing system of a multi-agent architecture. The ‘Computational’ as a con­cept extends beyond the Turing machine and is considered as the ability to compute and predict statistical distributions that best match the characteristics of the external en­vironment to achieve the optimal value of an assumed control variable. Society induces the rules of behavior in agents similarly to the way by which a magnetic field induces a current in a moving conductor. Induction is carried out by selecting the patterns of be­havior empirically derived by individuals and certifying the patterns that are most use­ful for achieving the target indicators of the system. Certified rules are perceived by in­dividuals as, on the one hand, immanent to them, and on the other, as generally allow­ing for their violation, since both individual agents and the whole society are statistical machines. The objective probability of non-compliance with a rule is perceived as moral freedom, and hormonal reinforcement of adherence to the general rule is per­ceived as a sense of moral duty. The computational approach to morality overcomes the inductivism of naturalistic and utilitarian theories, and at the same time scientifi­cally explains the ‘transcendentality’ of moral law, without resorting to idealistic meta­physics, as does Kantian deontism.
Population genetics of the blueberry gall midge, Dasineura oxycoccana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), on blueberry and cranberry, with testing invasion scenarios
Authors: Kim Hyojoong , Rodriguez-Saona Cesar , Lee Heung-Sik
Published: April 2022

Native to North America, the blueberry gall midge, Dasineura oxycoccana (Johnson) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is an economically important insect pest of blueberry and cranberry in its native range (USA and Canada) as well as in other parts of the world. Although two genetically distinct D. oxycoccana populations associated with blueberry and cranberry were previously reported, this needs to be revised through further population genetics approaches and a large sample size. Moreover, this pest was recently introduced and spread through other countries in North America, Europe, and Asia. In Korea, D. oxycoccana was first found about a decade ago and rapidly spread throughout the country. In this study, we compared the population genetic structure between D. oxycoccana populations from blueberry and cranberry and determined genetic relationships among geographical subgroups by genotyping 632 individuals from 31 different populations from the USA (New Jersey, Michigan, and Georgia) and Korea using 12 microsatellite loci. Our population genetic analyses showed a clear separation between the two host-associated D. oxycoccana populations from blueberry and cranberry. Using data from only the blueberry-associated D. oxycoccana populations, five genetically isolated subgroups were identified. Analysis of the approximate Bayesian computation suggests that the invasive D. oxycoccana population from Korea appears to have been introduced from an unsampled source population. Our findings will allow for an easier identification of the source of D. oxycoccana into newly invaded regions, as well as to determine their association with blueberry and cranberry, which based on our results can be considered as two distinct species.
Cloning and expression of recombinant human superoxide dismutase 1 (hSOD1) in Bacillus subtilis 1012
Authors: Liu Hongtao , Yin Mingzhu , Wang Nian , Wang Qiqi , Xia Hui , Cheng Xue , Hu Haiming , Zhang Zhigang
Published: April 2022

As an important member of the antioxidant defense system in vivo, human Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (hSOD1) has become a potential therapeutic agent against host diseases, and new strategies were developed to achieve high-yield SOD1 by using efficient production systems, like E. coli, yeast, and other eukaryotic expression systems. However, the above systems have their own limitations, such as the formation of inclusion bodies, endotoxins production, and low secretion efficiency. In this study, the hSOD1 coding sequence gene was amplified from human HepG2 cells, cloned into a pHT43-His expression vector, and transformed into Bacillus subtilis system. After the optimization with different media, temperatures, and inducer (IPTG) concentrations, the recombinant hSOD1 was successfully expressed in Bacillus subtilis 1012. The results show that hSOD1 was produced as a soluble form in Super rich medium with 0.2 mM of IPTG at 37°C after the induction for 24 h. Besides, 20 g/L of lactose also displayed the same inductive effect on hSOD1 expression as that by 0.2 mM of IPTG. Finally, hSOD1 was efficiently purified by nickel affinity chromatography, and the specific activity of hSOD1 was determined to be 1625 U/mg in the presence of 800 µM of Cu2+ and 20 µM of Zn2+. Collectively, Bacillus subtilis 1012 can not only overcome the shortcomings of E. coli and yeast expression systems, but also be directly used for disease treatment as a healthy probiotic. These advantages provided a possibility for the application of oral engineering bacteria 1012-hSOD1 to the clinical treatment in the future.
Do low-level laser therapy and platelet-rich plasma affect bone calcium content and mechanical properties at tooth extraction sites? An experimental study in the rat
Authors: Sharifi Alireza , Talaei-Khozani Tahereh , Tanideh Nader , Zadeh Hossein Khaje , Haghighat Meysam , Pour Sheila Shahsavari , Tavanafar Saeid
Published: April 2022

Background: Both low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been suggested to improve the repair of mandibular defects. This study investigated the mechanical properties and calcium content at the tooth extraction site in the rat model exposed to LLLT (λ=808 nm) with or without PRP. Methods: In this experimental rat model, the maxillary left first molar teeth were extracted in twenty male rats. Then, they were divided randomly into four groups. Group one: the extraction sockets were treated by 0.9 W gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser irradiation for five minutes every 72 hours after extraction for the next 12 days (4 times in overall); group two: PRP was placed in the extraction sockets; group three: a combination of both treatments (LLLT+PRP) was done; group four: untreated extraction socket as the control group. All rats were sacrificed 30 days post-operative. All bone blocks of the extracted socket were prepared for mechanical strength and calcium content analyses. Results: The compressive strength in the laser group was significantly higher than in both the control and PRP-treated groups (p=0.0001 and 0.00044, respectively). Although a combination of both PRP and LLLT elevated the mechanical strength compared to the control and PRP groups, it was statistically similar to LLLT/PRP group. Calcium content did not change by any of the treatments. Conclusions: Mechanical and chemical analyses on the bone blocks demonstrated that LLLT improved bone healing; however, PRP alone or combined with LLLT did not show a synergistic impact.
Overexpression of Laminin-5 Gamma-2 promotes tumorigenesis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through EGFR/ERK1/2/AKT/mTOR cascade
Authors: Kirtonia Anuradha , Pandey Amit Kumar , Ramachandran Balaji , Mishra Durga Prasad , Dawson David W , Sethi Gautam , Ganesan Trivadi S , Koeffler H Phillip , Garg Manoj
Published: April 2022

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is correlated with poor outcomes because of limited therapeutic options. Laminin-5 Gamma-2 (LAMC2) plays a critical role in key biological processes. However, the detailed molecular mechanism and potential roles of LAMC2 in PDAC stay unexplored. The present study examines the essential role and molecular mechanisms of LAMC2 in the tumorigenesis of PDAC. Here, we identified that LAMC2 is significantly upregulated in microarray cohorts and TCGA RNA sequencing data of PDAC patients compared to non-cancerous /normal tissues. Patients with higher transcript levels of LAMC2 were correlated with clinical stages; dismal overall, as well as, disease-free survival. Additionally, we confirmed significant upregulation of LAMC2 in a panel of PDAC cell lines and PDAC tumor specimens in contrast to normal pancreatic tissues and cells. Inhibition of LAMC2 significantly decreased cell growth, clonogenic ability, migration and invasion of PDAC cells, and tumor growth in PDAC xenograft model. Mechanistically, silencing of LAMC2 suppressed expression of ZEB1, SNAIL, N-cadherin, vimentin, and induced E-cadherin expression leading to a reversal of mesenchymal to an epithelial phenotype. Interestingly, co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated LAMC2 interaction with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Further, stable knockdown of LAMC2 inhibited phosphorylation of EGFR, ERK1/2, AKT, mTOR, P70S6 kinase signaling cascade in PDAC cells. Altogether, our findings suggest that silencing of LAMC2 inhibited PDAC tumorigenesis and metastasis through repression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and modulation of EGFR/ERK1/2/AKT/mTOR axis and could be a potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic target for PDAC.
Tidal power station at sea
Authors: Huang Junqiang
Published: April 2022

Tidal energy is a cleaning resource made by the moon, it is one of the best ways for human beings to save the earth from the devastating consequences of global warming.Now climate change is a big problem to us, we should look for some good green energy to prevent global warming, we should work hard to preserve our planet. If not so, no one knows how long human beings can survive on this planet.Tidal flow speed is very big in some places, for example, at the ocean strait; some entrances of semi-enclosed sea bays. It involves large energy,we can calculate it.According to Newton second law theory ΣF=ma, we can get the momentum theorem ΣFdt=mdv. According to dv, we can calculate the tidal flow force ΣF, then we can calculate how much energy we can get.Tide comes and goes every day; we can use tidal flow to generate electric power. We should reduce coal power stations to cut down pollution to prevent global warming, it is a good reason to start tidal power stations.We can build a device like Fig(1) in the following, the impeller has 8 square vanes and the shaft is on the surface of sea water. The first calculation,the square vane area is 1(m²).When the tidal flow speed is 1(m/s), presuming the impeller speed is 5(rpm),we can get the power of this device 235.6(W) . When enlarging both length and width into 2 meters,if the tidal flow speed is 2(m/s) and the impeller speed is 5(rpm),we get the power of this device nearly 15.1(KW) .Although it is little energy, we make sure we can get green energy from the ocean; we can make it bigger to get more power. We should do it, to prevent global warming.We must try our best to preserve our earth,otherwise， human beings will die out.
Multi-step two-copy distillation of squeezed states via two photon subtraction
Authors: Grebien Stephan , Göttsch Julian , Hage Boris , Fiurasek Jaromir , Schnabel Roman
Published: April 2022

Squeezed states of light have been improving the sensitivity of gravitational-wave observatories and are nonclassical resources of quantum cryptography and envisioned photonic quantum computers. The higher the squeeze factor is, the higher is the quantum advantage. Almost all applications of squeezed light require multi-path optical interference, whose unavoidable imperfections introduce optical loss, degrade the squeeze factor, as well as the quantum advantage.
Here, for the first time, we experimentally demonstrate the distillation of Gaussian squeezed states that suffered from Gaussian photon loss. Our demonstration already involves two distillation steps. The first step improved the squeeze factor from 2.4 dB to 2.8 dB by the subtraction of two photons. The second step improved the value from 2.8 dB to 3.4 dB by a Gaussification protocol. It was realised on data measured at different times via an 8-port balanced homodyne detector and via data post-processing. The number of distillation steps can be increased by longer data sampling times, without additional hardware. We propose and discuss the application to quantum cryptography and photonic quantum computers.
Prognostic value of CYBB as potential biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma by TCGA and clinical validation
Authors: Liu Yingjie , Han Di , Zheng Yuan hang , lin Yi , Yang Chunqing , Yang Lun
Published: April 2022

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) causes high morbidity and mortality; therefore, early diagnosis is essential. In recent years, rapid increases in high-throughput sequencing technologies’ efficiency and the continuous improvement of comprehensive online databases have facilitated the study of the genomic changes that affect tumor progression and the identification of tumor biomarkers; Therefore, we hope to find out the genes that may affect the progression and prognosis of LUAD. In this study, we used CIBERSORT and Estimate computing methods to analyzed data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, including the analysis of the proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIC) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), cox regression analysis of differentially expressed genes, and cross analysis of protein interaction networks (PPI). We found that Cytochrome b-245 beta chain (CYBB), an indispensable gene in the immune system, also plays a vital role in lung cancer pathogenesis. Meanwhile, Western blotting, qRT-PCR and IHC were used to verify the down-regulation of CYBB expression in LUAD patients. Reduced CYBB expression occurs in patients with lung cancer, indicating that it may be a valuable biomarker and facilitate early diagnosis.
A Critical Analysis of the Higher Education Relevance and Quality Agency’s (HERQA) for Institutional Quality Audit Tools: Focus Areas, Thresholds, References, and Checklist of the University’s of Gondar
Authors: Tedla Tadesse Abera ,   2.	Yilfashewa Seyoum Mekuria
Published: April 2022

This study was targeted to investigate the nature of quality auditing guidelines in-side-out, unlike previous studies which reported situational analysis on quality education about Ethiopian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The first two documents were HERQA’s areas of focus for institutional quality audits and institutional quality auditing guidance on focus area thresholds. And the third document was institutional quality audit checklist which was developed by the University of Gondar. The third document was not considered to be reviewed at the outset and yet, considered after the review of the two documents of HERQA’s concluded and visible gap was witnessed. Qualitative Document Analysis with specific READ approach was employed in analyzing the three documents: (1) ready your materials, (2) extract data, (3) analyze data, and (4) distil your findings. Results indicated the three documents were largely unrealistic to the existing situation of HEIs of the country, with conclusion that Ethiopia’s HERQA and HEIs’ endeavor on developing, improving, and utilizing a quality audit checklist guideline is an unfinished job, and was recommended exerted efforts should be continued.
Evaluation of marsupialization for radicular cysts in children
Authors: Zhang Junwei , Zhao Tianyu , Piao Zhengguo , Ouyang Kexiong
Published: April 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the clinical diagnosis and effect of marsupialization for radicular cysts in children. MethodsA retrospective analysis of a 3-year database was performed to evaluate both clinical and radiological features of 26 children with radicular cysts of the jaws. ResultsPediatric jaw cysts are rarely symptomatic and often difficult to differentiate on the basis of clinical presentation and radiologic features alone. When some of these patients first came to the pediatric dentistry department or orthodontics department because of jaw swelling or unerupted teeth, and a decayed tooth could sometimes be found on the lesion. The results of pathological examinations after marsupialization revealed radicular cysts in all cases. The postoperative follow-up period was 12-27 months. All 26 children showed good results with permanent teeth eruption, and seven patients required orthodontic treatment. Conclusions The diagnosis of radicular cysts of the jaws in children depends on correct interpretation of clinical, radiographic, and pathological data. Marsupialization can have a good therapeutic effect with a low risk of surgical complications, and can protect vital anatomical structures such as the roots of the teeth, inferior alveolar nerve, maxillary sinus, and permanent tooth germs.
High efficiency and broadband wide-angle linear polarization converter based on dumbbell-like resonant structure
Authors: Wang Ze , Tian Jinping , Yang Rongcao
Published: April 2022

In this paper, a broadband wide-angle reflective linear polarization converter is designed, of which a dumbbell-like resonant structure is applied to form the unit cell of the periodic metasurface. Research results show that characteristics of broadband polarization conversion with higher PCR in the range of 13.3 GHz to 24.1 GHz comes from the multiple electric and magnetic resonances along the dumbbell-like resonant unit. Meanwhile, the entire conversion performance can be well controlled through changing the structural parameters. In addition, the property of wide-angle polarization conversion can make it convenient for the real application. Due to the simple structure together with the excellent performance of the proposed linear polarization converter, it has promising values in polarization converting, detecting, imaging and so on in the GHz frequency range.
The value of RDW in the prognostic assessment of pediatric patients with septic shock
Authors: Zhang Tao , Liu Chun-Feng , Li Jiu-Jun , Wang Li-Jie , Xu Wei
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) at admission and the prognosis of pediatric patients with septic shock.METHODS: The case data of all patients with a diagnosis of septic shock over the past 7 years. The patients were grouped according to RDW values and prognosis, and compare the differences in RDW values and other key indicators among the groups, And evaluate the prognostic value of RDW in pediatric septic shock.RESULTS: A total of 153 were included in this study. The patients in the mortality group had relatively higher RDW values than the survival group. The AUROC for predicting the prognosis of children with septic shock using the PELOD2 score was 0.786 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.711–0.862), the RDW was 0.588 (95% CI: 0.491–0.684). There was no difference between the AUROC for PELOD2 and PELOD2+RDW (p = 0.186). CONCLUSION: The RDW>15% at admission constitute an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in pediatric patients with septic shock, and pediatric septic shock patients with RDW>15.6% at admission predicted poor result.
Application of online teaching mode combining case studies and the MOOC platform in obstetrics and gynecology probation teaching
Authors: Li Yi , Yang Chunfen , Liao Wenyan , Yang Shuangjian , Tong Wenjuan , Li Li , Lan Hui , Yang Dong
Published: April 2022

Objective: To explore the application effect of the clinical basic integration teaching mode constructed by case studies and the MOOC platform in obstetrics and gynecology internship teaching in the face of public health emergencies. Methods: 110 clinical medical students of grade 2018 were selected as the experimental group, and 110 clinical medical students of grade 2019 were selected as the control group. The experimental group adopted the clinical basic integration teaching mode combined with case studies and the MOOC platform, while the control group adopted the traditional probation teaching method. A comprehensive evaluation and comparison of the teaching effect on the two groups was performed using a questionnaire survey. Results: The scores of medical record writing in the experimental group (81.851 ± 52) and the case analysis score (84.045 ± 96) were significantly higher than the control group (80.205 ± 85), (81.554 ± 53), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). However, the final theoretical examination score of the experimental group (79.851 ± 39) was lower than that of the control group [(81.904 ± 62); again, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The evaluation results of the students in the experimental group on questionnaire indexes indicate that the teaching effect is better than that in the control group. Conclusion: The application effect of case studies combined with the MOOC platform in obstetrics and gynecology internship teaching is better than that of traditional teaching methods.
PLCL1 suppresses tumor progression by regulating AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Song Huajie , Zhu Hengcheng , Xiao Yusha , Liu Ting , Zeng Yan , Pan Zhou , Cheng Fan , Yang Kang
Published: April 2022

Background: Autophagy has been increasingly recognized as a critical regulatory mechanism in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. A previous study showed that phospholipase C-like protein 1 (PLCL1) is associated with the lipid metabolism of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, it is unclear whether PLCL1 regulates autophagy, thereby influencing the progression of ccRCC.Results: Bioinformatics analysis revealed and confirmed that expression of PLCL1 is decreased in tumors and is correlated with prognosis in ccRCC patients. Elevated PLCL1 levels decreased proliferation capacity and invasion while promoting apoptosis, but PLCL1 knockdown reversed these changes in ccRCC cells compared to controls. Mechanistic investigations confirmed that PLCL1 induces autophagy by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway and interacting with DEPP. The results in mouse models demonstrated that PLCL1 inhibits ccRCC tumor growth.Conclusion: Our data suggest that PLCL1 suppresses ccRCC progression by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway and interacting with DEPP, initiating autophagy and inducing apoptosis. PLCL1 may be a promising target for the treatment of ccRCC patients.
Shugan Jiangni Hewei Granule regulates synaptic plasticity in central sensitization via NGF/TrkA Signaling Pathways in psychological stress rats with nonerosive reflux disease
Authors: Bai Guang , Jia Yuebo , Wang Tianzuo , Zhao Jiaqi , Li Jing
Published: April 2022

Objective. We sought to investigate the mechanism of visceral hypersensitivity improvement of Shugan Jiangni Hewei Granules (SJHG) treatment of non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and provide an experimental basis for its clinical application. Methods. Fifty healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 5 groups, with 10 rats in each group, including normal group (healthy rats), model group (model rats without any treatment), SJHG group (model rats with SJHG treatment), Omeprazole group (model rats with Omeprazole treatment), and k252a group (model rats treated with 100μmol/kg NGF/TrkA pathway inhibitor).The esophageal mucosa and synaptic vesicles in spinal cord were observed by EMT, NGF, TrkA, PSD95, and GAP43 proteins expression in spinal cord were detected by western blot, and GluA1 protein expression in spinal cord was detected by immunohistochemistry among the normal group, model group, SJHG group and Omeprazole group, PSD95 protein expression in spinal cord was detected by immunofluorescence. Results. In the model group, the intercellular spaces of epithelia of esophageal mucosa widened, and the synaptic vesicles in spinal cord increased compared with the normal group. NGF amd TrkA proteins of model group in the spinal cord were significantly increased compared with the normal group (P<0.01), After the treatment of SJHG or Omeprazole or k252a, the expression of NGF amd TrkA were decreased compared with the model rats. (P<0.01). GAP43, PSD95 proeins of model group in the spinal cord were higher than that of the normal group.(P<0.01). Compared with the normal group, the expression of NGF increased (P<0.05), but no significant difference of TrkA and CREB mRNA expression. The content of GluA1 in spinal cord of rats in normal group was low. According to the integrated optical density (IOD), GluA1 protein in the model group was higher than that in the normal group (P<0.01). The expression of GluA1 of both the SJHG group and the Omeprazole group decreased signifcantly (P<0.01).Conclusions. SJHG can ameliorate visceral hypersensitivity and decrease central hypersensitivity in mental stress rats with non-erosive reflux disease, which is partially due to the regulation of NGF/TrkA signaling pathways. Psychological factor is also an important cause of visceral hypersensitivity. These findings provided a new target for Traditional Chinese medicine treatment of NERD to improve the hypersensitivity of esophageal viscera.
The incoming dNTP makes human DNA polymerase ε discriminative against RNA- containing primers
Authors: Lisova Alisa E. , Baranovskiy Andrey G. , Morstadt Lucia M. , Babayeva Nigar D. , Tahirov Tahir H.
Published: April 2022

DNA polymerase ε (Polε) performs bulk synthesis of DNA on the leading strand during genome replication. Polε binds two substrates, a template:primer and dNTP, and catalyzes a covalent attachment of dNMP to the 3' end of the primer. Previous studies have shown that Polε easily inserts and extends ribonucleotides, which may promote mutagenesis and genome instability. In this work, we analyzed the mechanisms of discrimination against RNA-containing primers by human Polε (hPolε), performing binding and kinetic studies at near-physiological salt concentration. Pre-steady-state kinetic studies revealed that hPolεCD extends RNA primers with approximately 3,300-fold lower efficiency in comparison to DNA, and addition of one dNMP to the 3' end of an RNA primer increases activity 36-fold. Likewise, addition of one rNMP to the 3' end of a DNA primer reduces activity 38-fold. The binding studies conducted in the presence of 0.15 M NaCl revealed that human hPolεCD has low affinity to DNA (KD of 1.5 µM). Strikingly, a change of salt concentration from 0.1 M to 0.15 M reduces stability of the hPolεCD/DNA complex by 25-fold. The incoming dNTP does not affect affinity to DNA but makes hPolε discriminative against RNA and chimeric RNA-DNA primers. In summary, our studies revealed that hPolε discrimination against RNA-containing primers is based on three main factors: incoming dNTP, a steric gate for the primer 2'OH, and the rigid template:primer binding pocket near the catalytic site. In addition, we showed the importance of conducting functional studies at near-physiological salt concentration.
Exploration of current status and influencing factors of leadership competency of medical graduate freshmen based on three different models
Authors: Li Yue , Ji Xunming , Lu Jie , Wang Yajun , Yang Kun , Li Sijie , Zhang Wei , Shi Shuping , Zhao Yan , Liu Yong , Chen Liying , Chen Jianjun , Wen Xiaochu , Chen Kefan , Ji Tingting
Published: April 2022

Background: It calls great attention of the leadership competency status of medical students as it is believed that their good leadership ability can improve the clinical practice or research outcome. It is believed to be among the most important competency of a doctor or a scientist. Meanwhile, the leadership competency status of the medical graduate freshmen and the influencing factors of it had been rarely researched. Methods: From July to September in 2020 and 2021, 851 medical graduate freshmen from seven teaching hospitals of the Capital Medical University (CMU) participated in a survey including three 5-point Likert scales based on different models and in which they implied their leadership abilities. The scales included Socially Responsible Leadership Scale (SRLS), Emotionally Intelligent Leadership for students Inventory (EILI) and the Student Leadership Practices Inventory-Self Instrument(SLPI). After self-scoring of these three scales, four questions were asked about the attitude of the cultivation of leadership and scored by the 5-point Likert scale. The data were then analyzed by two independent samples t-test or one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regressions. Results: The scores of all dimensions of the SRLS were at the medium level except for controversy with civility. The scores of the dimensions of consciousness of context, self and others of EILI and the dimensions of enable others to act and encourage the heart of SLPI were at the medium level.And the scores of the dimensions of model the way, inspire a shared vision and challenge the process of SLPI were at the high level. The leadership abilities of medical graduate freshmen were affected by the demographics, participation of social activities and leadership learning. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the scores of SLPI were jointly affected by the scores of SRLS and EILI ((F=2674.44, P<0.001, R2=0.86).Conclusions: Chinese medical graduate freshmen had a medium to high level of leadership abilities except for controversy with civility according to the survey. Leadership ability can be affected by demographic characteristics, social activities and leadership learning situations. Leadership practice is influenced by both personal responsibility and emotional intelligence. Themed series of activities especially with a service theme could be involved in the cultivation of their leadership abilities in practice aspect.