bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Peste d’Albert Camus : une analyse de la société coloniale algérienne à travers le prisme de l’épidémie
Authors: Berardi Alessia
Published: December 2020

March 2020: as Coronavirus continues spreading across the globe, the well-known novel La Peste (1947) by Albert Camus appeals to new readers all over the world. This article offers a new modest reading of La Peste by adopting an approach which emerges from the intersection between Environmental Humanities and Postcolonial Studies. We will explore to what extent the plague is an allegory of human suffering and isolate the different levels on which the allegory may work. Furthermore, we will focus on the link between the representation of the plague outbreaking in Oran and the French-Algerian, multiethnic society. What will the “epidemic fiction” reveal about social structures and practices in the context of colonial Algeria’s last years of existence, and how? The representation of the epidemic seems to mirror the inequalities of that colonial society that is not depicted in the novel, and yet it reminds the reader that societies are constructed and thus, can be improved.
Analytic Tradition in Law: Through the Analysis of Language to the Reconstruction of Social Order
Authors: Tukhvatulina Liana A.
Published: December 2020

The article reconstructs the premises of the reception of analytic philosophy in jurisprudence and shows that the development of a method for clarifying the meanings of legal concepts is not least connected with the problem of legitimizing law enforcement. The article analyzes H.L.A. Hart’s approach to the problem of correlation between the “letter” and “spirit” of the law in the process of interpreting legal norms. The article argues that the process of interpretation is determined teleologically. In its limit, the interpretation of legal norms presupposes the re-creation of the desired image of society, the reconstruction of such social ontology that is most consistent with the ideal of achieving social welfare. The article examines the collision of the “ideal of order” and the “ideal of justice” as two regulations of law enforcement. The author believes that the interpretation of this collision within the analytical tradition was characterized by a gradual movement from the ideal of “mechanical” law enforcement, which minimizes the creative role of the interpreter, to the ideal of flexible interpretation focused on achieving legal goals in a changing environment. It is noted that, according to analytic approach, a theoretical solution to this conflict was proposed due to the development of the ideas of an “open texture” of law (H.L.A. Hart, F. Waismann). The author demonstrates that the development of the analytic tradition in jurisprudence has shown that the criticism of language and the interpretation of meanings are not technical tasks, but it presupposes the construction of a metaphysics of law. In this regard, the author concludes: the development of the ideas of the analytic tradition in jurisprudence demonstrates that the thesis about the absence of a positive program in analytic philosophy, put forward in the first (A.L. Nikiforov’s) article of the discussion, can be challenged.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI SMPN 1 JETIS DALAM MELESTARIKAN SENI BUDAYA REO G PONOROGO
Authors: Rila Setyaningsih Rifki Aulia,
Published: December 2020

Maintaining the preservation of local culture is a necessity in the era of the development of the industrial revolution 4.0, especially among the younger generation. Jetis 1 Junior High School is the only school in Ponorogothat holds a Reog Festival between classes each year. This is one indicator that the school is still concerned with the preservation of local culture in the midst of the onslaught of technology and the development of a disruptive era. The purpose of this study was to analyze the communication strategies of Jetis 1 Jetis in preserving Reog Ponorogo cultural arts. The method used in this study consisted of interviews, observations and documentation. Data analysis is performed through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity uses triangulation of sources and methods. The results showed that Jetis 1 Jetis had carried out all stages of the communication strategy of getting to know the audience, composing messages, setting methods, and choosing media, but the overall implementation was not optimal. This research is expected to contribute to improving communication strategies in preserving Reog Ponorogo cultural arts especially through educational institutions.key words: reog ponorogo, communication strategy, local wisdom
Populist Rhetorical Strategies in the Courts of Classical Athens
Authors: Adamidis Vasileios
Published: December 2020

The elusive populist phenomenon has been the focus of numerous studies in recent years, with the reliance of populism on divisive and aggressive rhetoric being acknowledged. The paper aims to apply these findings to the Athenian forensic rhetoric and identify manifestations of populist rhetoric in the antagonistic arena of Athenian courts. By reference to the most ‘political’ of public trials, namely the indictments against inexpedient laws and illegal decrees, it is argued that the rhetorical strategies employed by the Athenian litigants who sought to persuade mass audiences in a zero-sum process, have much in common with modern populist discourse. Aiming to secure the good will of the dicasts, speakers competed over their level of adherence to the shared traditional values and norms of Athenian society, making the audience the nodal point of their rhetoric. Artfully interpellating the audience into a fictitiously pure and homogeneous group, litigants sought to establish concord with the dicasts while alienating the opponent. The division between the pure demos and the corrupt establishment, allowed the speakers to use a divisive and aggressive rhetoric, through which the adversary was presented as an outsider, representative of the out-group of corrupt political elite who undermined the political and moral principles upon which the Athenian identity was based.
RISK ASSESSMENT AND ENSURING THE RELIABILITY OF ROLLING STORAGE ELEMENTS
Authors: Tatarincev Vyacheslav , Tolstosheev Andrey
Published: December 2020

The paper considers an approach to predicting the risks of emergencies in transport and improving its safety. It is shown that the prediction of risks in railway transport is determined by the processes of deformation and destruction at hazardous points of highly loaded zones of critical elements of transport objects. Management of the processes of degradation of transport facilities through the use of diagnostic systems and renovation technologies at all stages of the life cycle ensures an increase in its safety and protection from emergency situations.
TECHNOLOGICAL CONTROL OF THE CONTACT PRESSURE ON THE CYLINDRICAL SUBSTRATE FROM THE SIDE OF THE COATING ADDITIVELY FORMED ON ITS EXTERNAL SURFACE
Authors: Parshin Dmitriy
Published: December 2020

The article gives an example of controlling the stress state parameters of additively manufactured products. The study was carried out on the basis of a developed non-classical mechanical model of the process of layer-by-layer formation of a coating of arbitrary thickness on a cylindrical substrate. The model is based on modern concepts of the mechanics of continuously growing bodies and allows one to obtain fairly simple analytical dependencies. On the basis of the latter, the problem of technological control of the evolution of contact pressure at the substrate – coating interface is solved in the article. A number of practically significant conclusions have been made.
OVERVIEW OF MODELING OF CORROSION-FATIGUE WEAR OF UNDERGROUND OIL TRANSPORT
Authors: Inshakova Tatyana , Shalygin Mikhail
Published: December 2020

The article provides an overview of the causes of corrosion cracking of oil pipelines, theoretical models of fatigue wear and crack propagation in metal fatigue and fatigue wear. It is shown that stress corrosion cracking can be associated with fatigue of the pipeline material under the condition of the presence of local turbulent flows
ESTIMATION OF THE IMPACT STRENGTH OF A PROPYLENE BLOCKOPOLYMER WITH ETHYLENE BY DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Subbotin E , Ershov S , Scherbinin A
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the evaluation of frost resistance of a propylene-ethylene block copolymer used as an insulating material for cable products. The standard method for testing the frost resistance of a polymer material is a drop weight impact test on insulated core samples at low temperatures. To check this parameter at the stage of incoming polymer control, it is proposed to use the method of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). As a result of experimental studies by the DMA method, a criterion for evaluating the frost resistance of a block copolymer of propylene with ethylene was established
TRIBOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DIAMOND-ABRASIVE PROCESSING OF SILICON CARBIDE PLATES
Authors: Bishutin Sergey , Alehin Sergey
Published: December 2020

The article considers diamond-abrasive grinding of silicon carbide plates as a tribological system in order to increase the productivity and quality of this processing, as well as to substantiate the directions of its improvement. The process of removing material from the workpiece is considered as a result of abrasive wear of the silicon carbide plate on the lap with loose abrasive. Based on the hypothesis of F. Preston, a dependence was obtained for calculating the rate of removal of material removed during processing from the surface of the workpiece. The results of experimental studies of the productivity and quality of processing are presented. Attention is paid to the formation of surface layers of silicon carbide plates by introducing abrasive particles into the workpiece, causing the formation of multidirectional microcracks and the removal of material mainly as a result of brittle fracture. The results of experimental studies of the state of surface layers using a digital 3-D microscope VHX-1000E, a scanning electron microscope Jeol JSM 6610 and a profiler-profilometer "Mahr GmbH" Based on the research results, recommendations were formulated to improve the efficiency of diamond-abrasive processing of silicon carbide plates.
Mapas Mentais - Um novo conceito
Authors: Queiroz Sabrina
Published: December 2020

This manual was created with the main objective of providing a study option for students who have the need to grasp a large amount of content in a short time, besides allowing the teacher to pass the desired content in a more objective and visual way. The whole method developed in the research entitled "Mind Maps – A new concept" offers the student a significant means of study, and the teacher a more dynamic and effective form of teaching. Students which want to get a place at University or specific schools, for instance, need to learn a lot of content in a short time, which causes the need to optimize this learning. Thus, it was concluded that the application of mind maps in the classroom would be the best way to solve this problem, both for students and teachers. For this, it is necessary to implement a new method in conjunction with existing pedagogical methods. We then created a new concept of mind maps. Thus, from research, the application of this methodology in class was developed, with the objective of facilitating the teacher's class and the student's learning; and a manual was created for the creation of mind maps in the classroom and outside it.
Analisis Peran Guru Sebagai Motivator Pada Pembelajaran IPS Siswa Kelas Tinggi Dalam Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Nurafrianti Siti Sahla , Amalia Arsyi Rizqia , Nurasiah Iis
Published: December 2020

This study aims to analyze the role of the teacher and the obstacles faced when the teacher becomes a motivator for high-grade students social studies learning in online learning. This research was conducted at SDN Cipanengah CBM Sukabumi, which counted from May to July. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. The subjects used in this study were teacher of class 5.3 and students of class 5.3 at SDN Cipanengah CBM. Data collection techniques used in this study in the form of open questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The result of this study is the role played by the teacher during a motivator in high-grade students social studies learning, among other, to encourage students, giving praise, carrying out interesting learning, assigning tasks that are competent among students and there is good cooperation between students and teacher in creating learning active and conducive learning. There are obstacles when the teacher motivates online social studies learning from internal factors that originate from within students and external factors that come from outside themselves such as the family environment.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Menggunakan Model Teams Games Tournament Berbantuan Peta Pintar
Authors: Bimashiatillah Roudlotun Nofiati , Setiawan Deka , Fardani Much Arsyad
Published: December 2020

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes with the application of the Teams Games Tournament model assisted by Smart Map media on the theme Beautiful Diversity in My Country Grade IV students in SDN Penggung 01. Based on the results of the PTS private pre-cycle of students, data obtained that the PPKn content of students who completed 6 of 16 students with a percentage of 37.5% and on the Indonesian Language content students who completed 7 of 16 students with a percentage of 43.75% (according to KKM ≥ 75). The research method used was classroom action research (CAR) which consisted of two cycles. The subjects of the research were grade IV students of SDN Penggung 01, this study used four components namely planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. Data collection is done by observation, interviews, tests, and documentation. The results of the study in the first cycle showed that the PPKn content with the percentage of classical completeness 68.75% and the Indonesian content percentage of classical completeness 68.75%, increased in the second cycle with the percentage of classical completeness 93.75% at the PPKn content and 87.5 % of Indonesian content. This proves that the Teams Games Tournament learning model can improve student learning outcomes.
Analisis Pengajuan Masalah Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Prihandini Ivonny Melati , Ayu Afiani Kunti Dian , Martati Badruli
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the problem posed in mathematics learning which can improve the creative thinking skills of elementary school students. This research is a type of qualitative research using the literature study method. Where the data sources used in this study are journals related to problem posing to improve students' creative thinking skills. Based on the results of the analysis that has been carried out, it can be concluded that learning based on submission of this problem can be increased significantly because the abilities possessed by students have been well honed with an average value of 31,35%. This can be seen from the results of students before and after treatment in the classroom. Problem posing-based learning can not only improve the results of creative thinking skills, but students can also understand how the concepts in problem-based learning properly and correctly, because the concepts used must have the right techniques and strategies.
Pengembangan Media Dakon Matematika (Dakota) Pada Materi FPB dan KPK Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Pada Siswa Kelas IV SD Inpres Paccerakkang
Authors: Kumullah Rahmah , Mahmud Amrullah
Published: December 2020

This study aims to describe the procedure, to determine the quality of the product, to describe the level of student interest in mathematics in FPB and KPK. This research uses research and development methods. This research stage refers to the development stage according to ADDIE. The subjects of this study were fourth grade students of SD Inpres Paccerakkang who were suspected of being 12 people as the sample. The data analysis technique used in this research is qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The two analyzes were carried out simultaneously. Based on the results of the validation, two instructional media experts gave an average score of 43 (SB) and 44 (SB) while the class teacher gave an average score of 41 (B) and 42 (SB). Furthermore, for small group trials it has increased. This is shown in the pretest obtained 58% or as many as 7 students who are complete while the posttest increase in completeness reaches 100% because all students complete in learning. Then student interest in learning also increased after the use of Dakota media that had been developed. This is shown in the average value of student interest in learning is 81 which is very good category.
Gyalectoid lichens: history and the current state of study
Authors: Gagarina L. V.
Published: December 2020

Gyalectoid lichens have rather a long history of study, which consists of 3 periods: descriptive period (1774–1890), period of traditional systematics (1890–2002), and period of genetic methods in systematics (since 2002). The principal genus Gyalecta was described by E. Acharius in 1808. At present two families: Gyalectaceae Stizenb. (with genera Ramonia Stizenb., Semigyalecta Vain., Gyalecta Ach., Pachyphiale Lönnr., Cryptolechia A. Massal., Bryophagus Nitschke ex Arnold and Belonia Körb.) and Coenogoniaceae Ehrenb. (with genera Coenogonium Ehrenb. and Dimerella Trevis.) include gyalectoid lichens. Totally the group numbers approximately 110 species. No comprehensive taxonomic revision of gyalectoid lichens has been realized so far.
Mosses of Caucasian Mineral Waters Area (Stavropol Territory)
Authors: Doroshina G. Ya.
Published: December 2020

The annotated list of mosses from the Caucasian Mineral Waters Area is provided.
Johnson Mektubu Haberlerinin Cumhuriyet, Hürriyet ve Tercüman Gazetelerindeki Sunumu Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ALPTEKİN Gözde , ÖZER Ömer
Published: December 2020

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Başkanı Lyndon Baines Johnson, Kıbrıs’ta yaşanan sorunlar üzerine Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Başbakanı İsmet İnönü’ye bir mesaj göndermiştir. Tarihe “Johnson Mektubu” olarak geçen ve Türkiye-ABD ilişkisinde bir dönüm noktası olan bu mektup, Türkiye’nin müttefiki hakkında güven sarsıntısı yaşamasına neden olmuştur. 1964 yılında gönderilen bu mesaj gazetelerde 1966 yılında yayımlanmıştır. Johnson Mektubu ve bu mektubun ardından yaşanan olaylarla ilgili haberlerin farklı gazetelerdeki sunum biçimlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlayan bu çalışmada, Cumhuriyet, Hürriyet ve Tercüman gazetesindeki haberler nitel içerik çözümlemesi yöntemi kullanılarak 3 dönemde incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre ilk iki dönemde gazetelerin haberleri sunumlarının birbirine benzediği ve ABD’ye karşı “hayal kırıklığı” ve “sitem” kavramlarıyla açıklanabilecek bir sunum yapıldığı görülmektedir. Üçüncü dönemde ise gazetelerin sunumları arasında bir farklılaşmanın olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sinemadaki Teknik Gelişmeler Işığında Plan-Sekansın Film Biçemine Etkileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme: 1917 Örneği
Authors: KAVİ Ahmet Nafiz , KAVİ Mehtap
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı sinemada kullanılan teknolojik araç-gereç ve buna bağlı olarak gelişen tekniklerin, plan-sekans kullanımını nasıl etkilediğini ve bunun film diline yansımalarını incelemektir. Çalışmada 1917 filmi üzerinden, sinemadaki teknolojik gelişmelerin bu tekniğin uygulanmasına sunduğu katkılar ortaya konmuş ve bu doğrultuda plan-sekans’ın film biçemine etkileri betimleyici yöntem ile analiz edilmiştir.

Teknolojik gelişmelerin sinema tekniğine sunduğu imkanlar sayesinde, plan-sekans çekimlerin ve bunların birleştirilerek tek çekim gibi görünen filmlerin üretiminin eskiye nazaran kolaylaştığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak tek çekim gibi görünen filmlerin yeni teknikler sayesinde belli oranda kurgulanabildiği ve bu sayede yönetmenin film biçemi üzerindeki kontrolünü koruduğu ortaya konmuştur.
Menjadi Pahlawan
Authors: Sofanudin Aji
Published: December 2020

Secara sederhana pahlawan adalah orang yang berjasa besar. Pra syarat utama pahlawan tentu adalah orang yang berbuat kebaikan. Semua pahlawan adalah orang baik. Oleh karena itu, marilah kita menjadi pahlawan setidaknya pahlawan bagi diri dan keluarga kita. Caranya “Quu anfusakum wa ahlikum naaro” jagalah dirimu dan keluargamu dari siksa api neraka. Semua pahlawan adalah orang yang berbuat kebaikan atau berbuat yang memberikan kemanfaatan kepada orang lain. Semakin besar manfaatnya, semakin baik. Sesuai hadist Nabi, “sebaik-baik manusia adalah yang bermanfaat bagi manusia yang lain”
Vietnam az óriások sakktábláján
Authors: AISDL
Published: December 2020

Nincs még egy délkelet-ázsiai ország, mely oly markáns hatást gyakorolt volna a huszadik század történelméről kialakult képükre, mint az egyesítésének 40. évfordulóját idén ünneplő Vietnami Szocialista Köztársaság. Ezt persze több évtizedes háborús szenvedéseinek és az amerikai tömegkultúra ezt nemritkán sajátosan közvetítő, de mindenképpen globális kisugárzással bíró üzeneteinek „köszönheti”.1 Vietnam viharos történelmi közelmúltja máig rányomja bélyegét a vele kapcsolatos képünkre, jóllehet, az említett 1975. évi – az északi és déli országrész egyesülésével járó – újjászületés óta itt sem állt meg az idő. A Lengyelországnál alig nagyobb Vietnam 2015-re a Föld 13. legnépesebb országa lett, és korábbi elképesztő szegénységének enyhítésében is – bár európai szemmel szerénynek tűnhető, de – határozott javulást könyvelhet el.2 Napjainkban – ahogy azt a távol-keleti nemzetközi kapcsolatok alakulásánál megszokhattuk – a Kínai Népköztársaság hatalmi súlyának fokozódása és regionális ambíciói helyezték új megvilágításba a „legmagyarabbnak” tekintett3 délkelet-ázsiai nép lehetséges szerepét. Ez egyszersmind az alapdilemmát is azonnal eszünkbe juttatja: Vietnam múlt századi tragédiáját a vele kapcsolatos nagyhatalmi ambíciók idézték elő. Igaz, az ország bizonyította ellenálló képességét, és a 21. századra változott valamelyest a szereposztás is, Délkelet-Ázsia hosszú távú jövője a nemzetközi rendszerben továbbra is bizonytalan. Az alábbiakban számvetésre vállalkozunk Vietnam helyzetéről és lehetséges pozícióiról korunk vezető hatalmainak kelet-ázsiai játszmáiban.
Synaesthesia as a Model System for Understanding Variation in the Human Mind and Brain
Authors: Ward Jamie
Published: December 2020

The aim of this article is to reposition synaesthesia as model system for understanding variation in the construction of the human mind and brain. People with synaesthesia inhabit a remarkable mental world in which numbers can be coloured, words can have tastes, and music is a visual spectacle. Synaesthesia has now been documented for over two hundred years but key questions remain unanswered about why it exists, and what such conditions might mean for theories of the human mind. This article argues we need to rethink synaesthesia as not just representing exceptional experiences, but as a product of an unusual neurodevelopmental cascade from genes to brain to cognition of which synaesthesia is only one outcome. Specifically, differences in the brains of synaesthetes support a distinctive way of thinking (enhanced memory, imagery etc.) and may also predispose towards particular clinical vulnerabilities. In effect, synaesthesia can act as a paradigmatic example of a neuropsychological approach to individual differences.
Estimating the Associations between Big Five Personality Traits, Testosterone, and Cortisol
Authors: Sundin Zachary , Chopik William J. , Welker Keith M , Ascigil Esra , Brandes Cassandra M , Chin Kristi Alexis , Ketay Sarah , Knight Erik L , Kordsmeyer Tobias L. , McLarney-Vesotski Amber , Prasad Smrithi , Reese Zachary A. , Roy Ashlin K , Sim Lester Wei Xiang , Stern Julia , Carré Justin , Edelstein Robin S. , Mehta Pranjal , Penke Lars , Slatcher Richard B. , Tackett Jennifer L
Published: December 2020

**Objective**: Hormones are often conceptualized as biological markers of individual differences and have been associated with a variety of behavioral indicators and characteristics, such as mating behavior or acquiring and maintaining dominance. However, before researchers create strong theoretical models for how hormones modulate individual and social behavior, information on how hormones are associated with dominant models of personality are needed. Although there have been some studies attempting to quantify the associations between personality traits, testosterone, and cortisol, there are many inconsistencies across these studies. **Methods**: In this registered report, we examined associations between testosterone, cortisol, and Big Five personality traits. We aggregated 25 separate samples to yield a single sample of 3,964 (50.3% women; 27.7% of women were on hormonal contraceptives). Participants completed measures of personality and provided saliva samples for testosterone and cortisol assays.**Results**: The results from multi-level models and meta-analyses revealed mostly weak, non-significant associations between testosterone or cortisol and personality traits. The few significant effects were still very small in magnitude (e.g. testosterone and conscientiousness: r = -0.05). A series of moderation tests revealed that hormone-personality associations were mostly similar in men and women, those using hormonal contraceptives or not, and regardless of the interaction between testosterone and cortisol (i.e., a variant of the dual-hormone hypothesis). **Conclusions**: Altogether, we did not detect many robust associations between Big Five personality traits and testosterone or cortisol. The findings are discussed in the context of biological models of personality and the utility of examining heterogeneity in hormone-personality associations.
Exploring the feasibility of a cluster randomised control trial to improve children’s 24 hour movement behaviours and dietary intake: Happy Homework.
Authors: Donnelly Samantha , Buchan Duncan S , McLellan Gillian , Arthur Rosie
Published: December 2020

High levels of childhood obesity have been observed globally over the last three decades. Schools are promising settings to implement interventions aiming to improve health-related behaviours in children. The aim of this study was two-fold; (1) explore the feasibility of Happy Homework (HH) from qualitative investigations with teachers and pupils and (2) examine preliminary effects of the HH pilot on children’s activity patterns, sleep and dietary behaviours. Four schools in Lanarkshire, UK, were randomised to either the HH intervention (n = 2) or usual curriculum control group (n = 2). The intervention ran for 8 weeks and consisted of interactive curriculum-focussed health and wellbeing homework tasks. Primary outcome measures were intervention fidelity, recruitment rates and compliance with trial procedures. Secondary outcomes were objectively measured physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep via ActiGraph GT3X+ and activPAL4™ accelerometers, dietary intake, and screen-time (ST). Children (n = 158) were provided with informed consent, and subsequently, 68 of those children participated in this study. A recruitment rate of 43% and retention rate of 93% was observed. In relation to fidelity, the intervention group teachers (n = 3) provided children with HH each week for the full 8 weeks of the intervention. Compliance for ActiGraph GT3X+, BMI, ST and dietary intake questionnaire outcomes was high ranging from 91% to 100%, while 67% of the sample provided valid activPAL4™ data for both baseline and post-intervention. HH was found to improve measures of PA and SB in children in 8 weeks. Before progression to an effectiveness trial, additional procedures should be considered to improve recruitment rates, compliance with outcome measures, and implementation of the HH intervention long-term.
Odmowa uznania w Polsce rozwodu talaq na tle prawnoporównawczym
Authors: Zachariasiewicz Maciej
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the recognition of talaq divorces (repudiation) in Poland and discusses reasons to oppose thereto. There are no doubts that repudiation of a wife, as known in Islamic legal systems, is contrary to fundamental principles of the Polish legal system. First, talaqs are discriminatory since they are available only for the men. The equality of spouses is thus violated. Second, the principle of the stability of marriage is infringed, given that repudiation does not often require to satisfy any conditions or requirements (other than repeating three times the word talaq). The author argues, however, that despite being in clear violation of the Polish public policy, talaq divorces should sometimes be recognized. In each and every case, the court must assess the individual circumstances of the case at hand. In particular, the recognition might be justified if the links of the case with the forum are weak. Likewise, if considerable time has passed since the divorce and the spouses to the repudiated marriage started new lives (especially entered new marriages), might the court refrain from enforcing Polish public policy. The court should also investigate the details of the talaq in question, because thelaws and practice of the various Muslim countries differ considerably. Not all talaqs are of the same kind. It is relevant to what extent the given talaq was unilateral or whether the woman has somehow consented to divorce and the degree of financial protection offered to the repudiated spouse. The involvement of the public authority which ensures that due process is observed and women’s rights are protected, might also justify recognition of the talaq divorce.
Corrosion resistance of hoisting ropes
Authors: Karasu Haşim Fırat , Demirsoy Mine
Published: December 2020

In this study, the goal is to determine the types of steel rope best used in environments such as harbors and on ships, by examining the behavior of different types of steel wire hoisting ropes used in cranes with respect to corrosion. Initially, hemp and steel wire core ropes were taken from 6 × 19 Standard, 8 × 19 Seale and 6 × 36 Warrington Seale rope groups that have the same diameter. Corrosion resistance was compared in these ropes through the application of three methods. According to the first method, corrosion resistance was examined via change in material mass. For this purpose, ropes were subjected to an accelerated aging test in an aging test cabin in accordance with ASTM B117 standard for one month for each aging process. 3 different 30-day processes were followed with 24-hour cycles. Corrosion exposure rates differed for each process. After going through the aging process, the damage suffered by the ropes was determined via visual inspection and the impact left by corrosion was evaluated by examining the mass changes seen in the ropes before and after aging for each process. The Tafel extrapolation, which is an electrochemical test, was applied in the second method. Ecorr and Icorr values of the ropes as well as their corrosion rates were determined and compared. Corrosion behavior was investigated in the third method through the application of mechanical experiments on aged steel ropes. In conclusion, corrosion resistant hoisting ropes were identified by comparing the results attained from the three methods.
Effect of milling on the microstructure and mechanical property of austenite stainless steel
Authors: Wu Huanchun , Ti Wenxin , Zhang Guodong , Xue Fei , Li Chengtao , Fang Kewei , Zhang Dubao , Wu Xiangfeng
Published: December 2020

A milling induced deformation layer of Z3CN20.09M, 304L and 316L austenite stainless steel (SS) was investigated by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a nanoindenter. The results indicated that the deformation layer was formed with a depth of about 200 μm, including a nanocrystalline layer within the range of 3 μm at the subsurface and followed by a large amount of persistent slip bands (PSBs). The significant plastic deformation was observed on the cross section of deformation layer with a range of about 80 μm for Z3CN20.09M and 304L SS, while being only about 30 μm for 316L SS. The highest residual stress tested on the milled surface reached about 1000 MPa, which can be attributed to the fact that a deformed martensite phase was formed at the surface during the milling operation. The nanohardness increased by 20-60 % on the cross section of the deformation layer as compared to the matrix.
Numerical simulation of the crush behavior of tapered tubes
Authors: Mete Osman H. , Kayar Halil
Published: December 2020

Traffic accidents are increasing as a result of an increasing number of vehicles and population growth in recent years. Active and passive safety systems are used in the vehicles we use today to reduce traffic accidents and prevent casualties. One of the passive security systems is the crush box (crashworthiness). It absorbs the energy generated during a crash by plastic deformation. In this study, tube height, diameter and thickness parameters were kept constant and degrees of conicity were varied 0°(flat tube),3°,7°,10°,12° and 15° The effects of conical crush boxes on axial crush behavior and their energy absorption ability, were investigated by Ls-Dyna explicit dynamic software.
Effect of TiN particle size on wear behavior of SiAlON-TiN composites
Authors: Bilecik Nurcan Çalış Açıkbaş , Islak Bilge Yaman , Bilecik Gökhan Açıkbaş
Published: December 2020

SiAlON ceramics and their derivatives are potential materials for tribological applications where wear and friction are very crucial. TiN is a reinforcement phase and solid lubricant for SiAlON used to improve mechanical and tribological properties. In this study, αı:βı-SiAlON composites incorporating nano- and micron-size TiN particles were produced by a gas pressure sintering method. Tribological behavior of the composites was investigated based on reinforcement particle size and physico-mechanical properties. Tribology tests were performed with a computer-controlled tribometer under dry unlubricated conditions with ball-on-disk configuration. It was found that the TiN particle size has an effect on surface roughness and hence the coefficient of friction. When the TiN particle size decreased to nano size, the wear mechanism was tribochemical, whereas, when the particle size increased to micron size, severe mechanical wear was observed besides tribochemical wear.
Turning machinability of alloyed ductile iron compared to forged EN 1.7131 steel
Authors: Tanabi Hamed , Rafighi Mohammad
Published: December 2020

Recently, many applications have used austempered ductile iron due to its high hardness, strength, toughness, and wear resistance. These superior properties make austempered ductile iron an alternative material to forged steels. However, machining of austempered ductile iron is challenging because of its high hardness and strength. In this study, machining operations were performed on the alloyed ductile iron workpiece to investigate the machinability of the material prior to the austempering process. This experimental study was carried out on EN 1.7131 alloy steel and alloyed ductile iron using single point carbide inserts under dry cutting conditions. A constant feed of 0.1 mm × rev-1, constant depth of cut of 1 mm, and variable cutting speeds were selected as input parameters, whereas tool life is considered as a response parameter. The tool life tests were accomplished considering flank wear as tool life criterion according to ISO 3685. The results of this study indicated that although the machinability of ductile iron is 88 % of the normalized forged EN 1.7131 steel for a 60 minutes’ tool life, identical tool life was observed for both materials at 96 m × min-1cutting speeds.
Ocorrência, classificação e quantificação de contusões em carcaças de bovinos abatidos em Frigorífico no RS
Authors: Anezi Junior Paulo
Published: December 2020

Occurrence, classification, and quantification of bruises in carcasses of cattle slaughtered at a slaughterhouse in RSAbstract. Losses from bruises cause large losses to livestock without reliable national surveys. The regionalized study sought to highlight the factors that influence the occurrence of bruises in carcasses of animals slaughtered in a slaughterhouse in RS. Forty-two slaughter lots were monitored and classified, totaling 816 carcasses evaluated for severity, distribution, and quantification of losses due to bruises. We sought to demonstrate the influence of factors such as sex and animal category, transport distance, termination system, physical characteristics, and breed of animals in the occurrence of bruises and lesions of grades I, II, and III in carcasses. Of the carcasses evaluated, 56,25% presented Mild (GI) lesions, moderate (GII) lesions in 15.26%, and severe (GIII) contusions were detected in 1.22%, totaling average losses of 378.16 g / carcass. Adult females presented a higher frequency of injuries and losses, with significant differences (P < 0.05) compared to young males, for several evaluated parameters. For the group of young females, the horns presence influenced (P < 0.05) the occurrence of larger losses in the toilet compared to young females not horned. Transport distance did not influence the severity, distribution, or volume of toilet losses. Adult females show higher losses compared to the other categories evaluated, with greater severity and higher frequency of injuries.
Particularidades do Ancylostoma caninum: Revisão
Authors: Silva Rute , Leite Diniz Flaviana , Aguiar de Oliveira Patricia , Alves de Farias Leonardo
Published: December 2020

Ancylostoma caninum is a common parasite found mainly in the small intestine of dogs, has a cylindrical and elongated body, being classified as a nematode. When performing hematophagy it causes animal hookworm and also zoonosis popularly called the geographic bug, caused by cutaneous larva migrans, in humans. They cause major disorders mainly in young animals when contaminated by transmammary. It is worth mentioning the importance of studying and updating the biological cycle of this parasite, its morphological characteristics, hosts involved as well as the importance in veterinary medicine and public health.
Награда за… поражение? (триумф Мурены за победу над Митридатом Евпатором)
Authors:   независимый исследователь, Молев Е.
Published: December 2020

The article considers the results of the second war of Mithridates based on evaluations of ancient authors and modern historiography. Although historian Appian believed that the winner in this war was Mithri- dates Eupator, the award for the victory was received by Roman warlord Muraena. It is probably explained by the fact that the power in Rome belonged to dictator Sulla and he personally took a decision on giving the triumph to Muraena.
Сасанидские боевые рельефы и происхождение темы конной дуэли на пиках в прокламативном искусстве доисламского Ирана
Authors:   Институт истории материальной культуры РАН, Никоноров В.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with a group of six Sassanian rock combat reliefs depicting duels between the cataphracts — mounted lancers encased, like their horses, in full armour. The present author, based on the use of comparative-iconographic and historical-cultural methods, has come to a conclusion that the unique iconographic theme in question, symbolically reflecting the real events of Sasanian history in the form, as a rule, of fictional single combats of the leaders, had formed quite independently from external influences in the art of Parthian Iran and was then borrowed by the Sasanians.
Случайные находки из поселка Прогресс
Authors:   Государственный Русский музей, Терещенко А.
Published: December 2020

The paper discusses an overview of disparate coin artefacts found incidentally in 2019 at a private territory in the village of Progress (Temryuk district, Krasnodar region) — 15 bronze coins in total and two bronze objects (a ring and a small shield). Besides the cleaning of the objects, X-ray and fluorescence spectrometry of the metal has been conducted. In addition, we received the information about the discovery of the stater of electrum stamped in Cyzicus.
Гигиенонт — архонт на Боспоре
Authors:   Московский гоударственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова, Сапрыкин С.
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to archon Hygiainon known by coins and tile stamps as the archon of Bosporus. According to available sources of information he ruled at the beginning of the 2nd century BC. The ar- ticle’s author believes that Hygiainon could be a member of the Spartocid dynasty. He was elected as an archon at Panticapaeum where he had his permanent residence. One of the last of the Spartocids and the legitimate king of Bosporus ruled all over the kingdom, but against the risk of а Sarmatian invasion he allowed Hygiainon to rule European Bosporus to strengthen a defensive capability of the capital and its countryside, gather an army and unite with Scythian kings of Tauris against a Sarmatian threat. From his coins we know that Hygiainon reached success in this field and managed to secure a military victory which strengthened military and political influence of Bosporan kings. It is reflected in an image of Athena Nicephorus on king’s golden staters.
Educación física en el Examen Nacional de Escuela Secundaria de Brasil: análisis de las preguntas en el periodo 2009-2017
Authors: Marques Rodrigo , Stieg Ronildo , Cunha de Paula Sayonara , Lopes Negreiros Heitor , Dos Santos Wagner
Published: December 2020

Since 1998, a national assessment policy called the National High School Examination (ENEM) has been implemented in Brazil. In 2009, it underwent modifications that included the content of the exam questions related to Physical Education. The paper analyzes how Physical Education is addressed by the questions and what relationships are established with other areas of knowledge. It is characterized as a qualitative research of an exploratory nature and uses the documentary critical analysis as a methodology. The sources are: 49 questions related to Physical Education from nine editions of the test (2009 to 2017); the National Curricular Guidelines for High School; the Basic Document of ENEM, and the Reference Matrix of ENEM. The results demonstrate that the content of Physical Education is presented in the questions in two different ways: a) as a purpose, understood as the act of using them to achieve the objectives attributed to different body practices and; b) as a means of interacting with other areas of knowledge. The conclusions reveal that the attributed uses and meanings exceed its practical dimension and reinforce the multidisciplinary character of Physical Education, interacting with the different areas of curricular knowledge in Brazilâ€™s high schools.
Sistem Pengukuran Volume Cairan Pada Tangki Pembuburan Kertas
Authors: Desmira  , Aribowo Didik , Pramana Rozeff
Published: December 2020

Pada proses pembuburan kertas merupakan suatu proses penghancuran lembaran menjadi buburan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan 1) Mengetahui proses sensor dalam pembuburan kertas di Paper Machine (PM) dibagian rewinder. 2) Mengetahui hasil kekentalan pada pembuburan kertas dengan sensor yang disetting nilai Set-pointnya. 3) Menganalisa hasil penggunaan sensor yang digunakan pada proses pembuburan kertas di Paper Machine (PM) dibagian rewinder.  Adapun intruksi-intruksi yang diberikan pada mesin agar bekerja dalam proses pembuburan kertas yang disebut sebagai system logic control pada DCS untuk memberikan perintah dan mengeksekusi mesin dan actuator bekerja.  Metode pembahasan digunakan yaitu research and development . Hasil yang diperoleh me-nyesuaikan kekentalan pada proses pembuburan kertas dengan set point 4% sehingga kertas yang dibentuk akan sesuai dengan apa yang diinginkan dan menghasilkan kertas yang baik, melalui alat  berupa consistency transmitter yang dipasang di tangki tempat buburan kertas. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan  jika nilai set point kurang dari 4% maka hasil akan kurang baik sedangkan dengan set point yaitu 4% maka hasil akan baik.
Court proceedings in cases regarding ascertaining acquisitive prescription of real estate
Authors: Nowotko Paweł Marcin
Published: December 2020

In the article, the author presents the characteristics of the proceedings for ascertaining acquisitive prescription of real estate. Acquisitive prescription is a way to gain property rights. The legislator established non-litigious proceedings in this respect, and at the same time regulated its differences only to a very narrow extent. In this study, the author attempts to comprehensively characterize the proceedings by interpreting legal provisions, discussing views of doctrine and jurisprudence and their critical analysis. The study discusses both the issues of subjects of proceedings as well as the dynamics of proceedings and the characteristics of judgments issued in them. Of particular importance are issues that give rise to doubts, such as the circle of subjects interested in the case, references to the provisions regarding the confirmation of the acquisition of an inheritance and the problem of not binding the court with an application request.
PREVALENCE OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE IN THE ROMANIAN COUNTY GORJ PREVALENŢA REFLUXULUI GASTROESOFAGIAN ÎN JUDEŢUL GORJ, ROMÂNIA
Authors:   Clinica Medicală II, Cluj Napoca Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Iliescu Mădălina , Dumitraşcu Dan L. ,   Clinica Medicală II, Cluj Napoca Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: December 2020

Background și scop:Boala de reflux gastroesofagian (BRGE) este o afecțiune comună,despre care există puține date epidemiologice din România. Studiul de faţă şi-a propus obţinerea de date epidemiologice din judeţul Gorj din sud-vestul României.Metode:A fost efectuat un studiu prospectiv bazat pe auto-raportareapirozisului și a unor simptome extradigestive atribuite BRGE. Un eșantion de500 de participanți înscriși înbayele de date ale medicilor de familie a fost investigat cu ajutorul unui chestionar dedicat.Rezultate:Eșantionul a avut orată mare de răspuns (90%). Dintre respondenţi,o treime nu a avut niciodată pirozissau alt simptom BRGE. Cu toate acestea, 17% au raportat pirozis(scor 2 și 3 pe o scalaLikert de la 0-3); 11% au raportat gust acru; jumătate au utilizat medicamente antiacide; 15-20% au prezentat tulburări de somn. Nu a fost observată nicio diferență de gen.Concluzii:Considerând doar cazurilecu pirozis supărătorcaavândBRGE, în sud-vestul României prevalenta BRGE este de 17%. Rezultatele noastre pot reprezenta baza unor acţiuni de diagnostic şi tratament al BRGE.
PERCEPȚII, ATITUDINI ȘI OPINII ALE CLINICIENILOR CU PRIVIRE LA SOLICITAREA ȘI EFECTUAREA AUTOPSIILOR ANATOMO-CLINICE PERCEPTIONS, ATTITUDES AND OPINIONS OF THE CLINICIANS WITH REGARD TO REQUESTING AND PERFORMING ANATOMO-CLINICAL AUTOPSIES
Authors:   Facultatea de Medicină, Universitatea Transilvania Brașov, Marinescu Daniela
Published: December 2020

Background:Autopsia anatomo-clinică deține un rol primordial în formarea, instruirea și perfecționarea în rândul medicilor, deopotrivă clinicieni și anatomo-patologi; totodată constituie o modalitate deosebit de eficientă în procesul de educație medicală continuă a medicilor, indiferent de specialitatea în care activează sau de gradul profesional. Concluzii:Atitudinea medicilor clinicieni față de autopsiile anatomo-clinice are un impact major asupra ratelor de autopsie, influențând utilizarea acestei proceduri.În ciuda progreselor tehnologice si a imagisticii medicale, autopsia oferă încă informații prețioase asupra diagnosticului care nu pot fi obținute prin alte mijloace. Obiectivele unei autopsii nu constau în a atrage atenția medicilor clinicieni asupra eventualelor erori, omisiuni de diagnostic sau de atitudine terapeutică, nici să le judece, ci mai degrabă pentru a-i informa pe medicii clinicieni, astfel încât aceștia să tragă o serie de concluzii din propriile greșeli.