bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Late-Night Salivary Cortisol: Cut-Off Definition and Diagnostic Accuracy for Cushing’s Syndrome in a Portuguese Population
Authors: Lages Adriana De Sousa , Frade João Gonçalo , Oliveira Diana , Paiva Isabel , Oliveira Patrícia , Rebelo-Marques Alexandre , Carrilho Francisco
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome remains a challenge in clinical endocrinology. Even though late-night salivary cortisol is used as screening tool, individualized cut-off levels for each population must be defined.Material and Methods: Three groups of subjects were studied: normal subjects, suspected and proven Cushing’s syndrome. Salivary cortisol was measured using an automated electrochemiluminescence assay. The functional sensitivity of the assay is 0.018 μg/dL. The diagnostic cut-off level was defined by Receiver Operating Characteristic curve and Youden’s J index.Results: We studied 127 subjects: 57 healthy volunteers, 39 patients with suspected and 31 with proven Cushing’s syndrome. 2.5th - 97.5th percentile of the late-night salivary cortisol concentrations in normal subjects was 0.054 to 0.1827 μg/dL. Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.9881 (p < 0.0001). A cut-off point of 0.1 μg/dL provided a sensitivity of 96.77% (95% CI 83.3 - 99.92%) and specificity of 91.23% (95% CI 80.7 - 97.09%). There was a significant correlation between latenight salivary cortisol and late-night serum cortisol (R = 0.6977; p < 0.0001) and urinary free cortisol (R = 0.5404; p = 0.0025) in proven Cushing’s syndrome group.Discussion: The mean ± SD late-night salivary cortisol concentration in patients with proven Cushing’s syndrome (0.6798 ± 0.52 μg/ dL) was significantly higher (p < 0.0001). In our population, the late-night salivary cortisol cut-off was 0.1 μg/dL with high sensitivity and specificity.Conclusion: Late-night salivary cortisol has excellent diagnostic accuracy, making it a highly reliable, noninvasive, screening tool for outpatient assessment. Given its convenience and diagnostic accuracy, late-night salivary cortisol may be added to other traditional screening tests on hypercortisolism.
Ficha Técnica AMP32(5) - Maio 2019
Authors: Editorial2 Departamento
Published: July 2019

N/a.
Learning Chemistry using Course Review Horay (CRH) Model Toward Students Learning Activity X Grade In SMA Negeri 1 Muntilan In Nomenclature Name Of Chemical Compounds Materials
Authors: Dewi Puspitaningrum Nimas Putri , Arlianty Widinda Normalia
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the difference of implementation the Course Review Horay (CRH) model on learning activities of students grade X SMA Negeri 1 Muntilan, academic year 2017/2018 in nomenclature of chemical compounds material. This research is an experimental research. Population of this study was all class X students of  SMA Negeri 1 Muntilan on 2017/2018 school year, with a total of 7 classes. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique consist of 2 classes. Data collection techniques used non-test methods. Form of assessment used are observation sheets. Data analysis techniques using the Mann Whitney-U test. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded: There was different of  chemistry learning with the CRH model on student learning activities in Nomerclature of Chemical Compounds material.
Implementation of Learning Assistance to Chemistry Learning Motivation of Students in MAN 4 Sleman
Authors: Diniaty Artina , Fauzi'ah Lina
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine the implementation of chemical learning assistance to students' learning motivation. Assistance efforts are carried out by managing the laboratory so that it can be used as a chemistry learning infrastructure, implementation, and discussion of tryout questions of SBMPTN along with the tricks to do them. In addition, chemedutainment is also carried out to motivate students to learn chemistry. The results showed that there were no significant differences in students' learning motivation through the implementation of chemical learning assistance. The implementation of chemical learning assistance needs to be carried out regularly and continuously in order to increase students' learning motivation.
Epigenetics Theoretical Limits of Synthetic Genomes: The Cases of Artificials Caulobacter (C. eth-2.0), Mycoplasma Mycoides (JCVI-Syn 1.0, JCVI-Syn 3.0 and JCVI_3A), E-coli and YEAST chr XII
Authors: Perez Jean-claude
Published: July 2019

In (Venetz et al., 2019), authors rebuilt the essential genome of Caulobacter crescentus through the process of chemical synthesis rewriting and studied the genetic information content at the level of its essential genes. Then, they reduced the native Caulobacter crescentus native Caulobacter NA1000 genome sequence real genome ( 4042929 bp ) to the 785,701-bp reduced synthetic genome. Here we demonstrate the existence of a palindromic-like mirror structure that exists in real genomes and disappears totally in the synthetic genome. This biomathematic meta-organization is based on characteristic proportions of Fibonacci numbers between DNA single strand nucleotides proportions TC / AG on the one hand and TG / AC on the other hand. In both cases, we suggest that this meta-structure enhances the three-dimensional cohesion of the two DNA strands of the genome. We then generalize this study to the different synthetic genomes and synthetic cells published by the Craig Venter Institute on Mycoplasma Mycoides JCVI-syn1.0 (in 2010), JCVI-syn3.0 (in 2016) and JCVI-syn3A (in 2019). Finally, in the discussion section, we extend this study to synthetic genomes of E-Coli and Yeast chromosome XII.
A Bayesian Study of the Dynamic Effect of Comorbidities on Hospital Outcomes of Care for CHF Patients
Authors: Zikos Dimitrios , Zimeras Stelios , Ragina Neli
Published: July 2019

Comorbidities can have a cumulative effect on hospital outcomes of care, such as the length of stay (LOS), and hospital mortality. This study examines patients hospitalized with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), a life-threatening condition, which, when it coexists with a burdened disease profile, the risk for negative hospital outcomes increases. Since coexisting conditions co-interact, with a variable effect on outcomes, clinicians should be able to recognize these joint effects. In order to study CHF comorbidities, we used medical claims data from CMS. After extracting the most frequent cluster of CHF comorbidities, we: (i) Calculated, step-by-step, the conditional probabilities for each disease combination inside this cluster (ii) Estimated the cumulative effect of each comorbidity combination on the LOS and hospital mortality (iii) Constructed (a) Bayesian, scenario-based graphs and (b) Bayes-networks to visualize results. Results show that, for CHF patients, different comorbidity constructs have variable effect on the LOS and hospital mortality. Therefore, dynamic comorbidity risk assessment methods should be implemented for informed clinical decision making in any ongoing effort for quality of care improvements.
On the Investigation of Temperature Effects on Oil Relative Permeability: Robust Modeling and Data Assessments
Authors: Shamshirband Shahab , Baghban Alireza , Sasanipour Jafar , Hadipoor Masoud
Published: July 2019

Various empirical models are available to evaluate the temperature effects on relative permeability of the different rock and fluid systems. However, the implementation of limited experimental data points may hinder the applicability of such models to other systems. This study aims to develop new predictive models for kro estimation based on multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) approaches. A database comprising of 626 data points applied to the model development. The independent variables are temperature, oil viscosity, water viscosity, water saturation ( ), and the absolute permeability. Each variable covers a wide range of variations which increases models’ potential to be applied in various systems with different characteristics. The doubtful experimental data points excluded using a leverage value approach and a sensitivity analysis carried out to determine the quantitative impact of every individual independent variable on the kro. Statistical error analyses demonstrated the coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.985, 0.975, and 0.999 for MLP-ANN, ANFIS, and LSSVM, respectively. The comparative study indicated that the LSSVM had the best performance regarding both graphical and statistical error analyses among the newly proposed models and previously reported models in the literature.
EL CONTROL POLICIAL EN LOS ALOJAMIENTOS DE USO TURISTICO Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LA SEGURIDAD
Authors: QUINTANA JIMÉNEZ ANA E.
Published: July 2019

Los objetivos perseguidos a la hora de la realización de este trabajo han sido por un lado analizar si existe normativa específica que regule el control policial a través de los partes de entrada de viajeros en los alojamientos turísticos no reglados, en las Comunidades Autónomas con mayor presencia del Turismo en su PIB o que se han mostrado más activas en su regulación, determinando si esta falta de control afecta a la Seguridad de ese destino y en consecuencia produce un efecto negativo en el Turismo.
Para ello la metodología a utilizar será la jurídico-descriptiva, analizando las normas que regulan dicha modalidad, recurriendo a las fuentes primarias, y a la doctrina.
Como principales resultados cabría destacar que si bien recientemente se ha regulado la obligatoriedad de que dichos establecimientos turísticos estén en posesión de un libro registro donde archiven todos los partes de entrada de viajeros que se alojen en dicho inmueble, por CCAA, sin embargo, la Administración no dispone de instrumentos de control que permitan cuantificar el número de alojamientos y en consecuencia llevar a cabo su control.
El no poder realizar un control sobre el cumplimento de la obligatoriedad de comunicar a las Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad del Estado la identidad de los viajeros, comporta un riesgo para la seguridad de los destinos y aunque a día de hoy no genera todavía un efecto dañino sobre el turismo, puede terminar provocando una deslocalización hacia destinos más seguros.
Efektivitas Penanaman Nilai Agama untuk Membentuk Persepsi Orang Tua di RA Darul Ulum
Authors: Ratnasari Endang , Nisa' Titin Faridatun , Fajar Yulias Wulani
Published: July 2019

Applying religion value is one of the more dominating learning in RA (Raudhatul Athfal) Darul Ulum. The applying of religion values include learning of Qur'an and Al Hadith also Islamic Education. Based on the parent’s observations, the applying religion values can be the interest point to form parent’sperception. This study aimmed to investigate the implementation, activities, results, and the parent’s perception of applying religious values in groups A1 and A2 RA Darul Ulum to form the parent’s perception. The research sample of this study are 33 parents. The writer uses quantitative approach. The techniques of data collection are questionnaires, observations, interviews, and documentations. This study uses data analysis techniques of statistics descriptive and hypothesis test by using t test of right side. The results of the data analysis of applying religion value can be known that the percentage of applying religion values is 96%, the activity percentage of applying religion values is 75%, the result percentage of applying religion values is 68%, and the perception percentage of applying religion values is 82%. Based on the percentage results can be inferred that applying religion value in RA Darul Ulum is very effective to form parent’s perception.
Perbandingan Keterampilan Motorik Kasar Anak Kelompok B pada Kegiatan Senam Berirama dan yang Tidak Berirama
Authors: Marlia Ani , Nisa' Titin Faridatun , Fajar Yulias Wulani
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study is to compare applying music through gross motor skill towards kid’s Class B Kindergarten on gymnastic. This study using comparative quantitative approach with 30 kids; 15 boys and 15 girls as the research subject. It takes from the population of Ulil Albab Kindergarten students using purposive sampling considers criteria towards their development. Observation and documentation technique are applied as data interpretation. Therefore, the instrument of study utilizes observation sheet from the kid’s gymnastics at school. The data analysis uses statistic non-parametric. Wilcoxon test is used in this study as the hypothesis result. Ensue from the computation SPSS 19.0 is as two directions significant 0, 00. According to this significant < 0,05 thus Ho is confirmed. This shows there is no difference of gross motor towards Class B kids in using music on gymnastics.  
Peningkatan Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Melalui Model Pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament dengan Media Balok
Authors: Muflichah Muflichah , Muwakidah Izatul
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research was to determine the improve cognitive development through cooperative learning methods type Teams Games Tournament (TGT) with beam media and geometric shapes of group A children at Pertiwi IV Kindergarten Lamongan. The research design used adopted a spiral model from the opinion of Kemmis and Mc. Taggart consist of four phase, planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. This research consists of two cycles, each cycle consisting of 3 meetings / actions. Data analysis uses quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data analysis with descriptive statistics is to compare the results obtained from the first cycle and the second cycle. While the analysis of qualitative data by analyzing data from the results of field notes and interviews during the research with the steps of data reduction, data display and data verification. The results showed an increase in cognitive development in the ability to classify colors and geometric shapes through the TGT learning model with beam media, it can be proved that the average score of pre-cycle cognitive development scores was 34.38%. Then experienced an increase in the first cycle of 14.76% to 49.14%. Furthermore, from cycle I to cycle II cognitive development of children increased by 2.93% from 49.14% to 52.07%. So that the total increase in children's cognitive development starts from the pre-cycle, the first cycle to the second cycle is 34.38% which is 49.14% to 52.07%.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Anak dalam Mengenal Konsep Bilangan Melalui Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Alam
Authors: Syukur Abdul , Fallo Yulianty Thabita
Published: July 2019

Enhancing Early Childhood Ability to Know the Concept of Numbers through Using of Learning Media Based on Nature. The purpose of this study is to improve the ability of children to understand the concept of numbers through using of learning media based on nature.  The type of research conducted is Classroom Action Research with data collection techniques in the form of observations and performance and then analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. This research was conducted in two cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II. In the first cycle the percentage of student performance achieved 30% of the percentage before use the cycle, in this cycle students who managed to achieve the Minimum Completeness Criteria drove 11 people who had not succeeded in achieving a large of minimum completeness criteria students could participate in learning activities well and encourage very active when using media. So the research continued the second cycle in cycle II, the percentage reached 45% and all students who succeeded in reaching 20 people managed to reach the minimum completeness criteria while the observations showed that students were very interested in learning to use the prepared media. From the results of the implementation of the first cycle and the second cycle the increase in the percentage of student learning completeness reached 75% of the percentage before cycle use. Thus, it can be denied that the learning media based on nature can improve the ability of children to understand the concept of numbers to support learning activities in early childhood can use media that are either natural media or media that have been supportive in order to produce learning that is conducive to children's abilities.
Jadwal Kegiatan pada Sekolah Sehari Penuh dalam Menanamkan Kedisiplinan
Authors: Wara Zyaqiah Almuna , Marlina Serli
Published: July 2019

This study aims to describe about the application activity schedule of full day school in Primagama Creative Kindegarten Padang. This study used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Informants from this study were principal and full day teachers. The techniques of data collection in this study were observation technique, interview technique, and documentation technique. The data analysis techniqueused was data triangulation technique. The results of the study were generally known that the application of activity schedule of dull day school in instilling disciplinary in Primagama Creative Kindegarten Padang have been well implemented. The teachers have made planning, implementation, and evaluation that was able to develop children’s discipline attitudes through habituation with scheduled activities. So, it can be concluded that planning, implementation, and evaluation carried out in order to instill a discipline in children was accordance with the guidelines designed by the teachers.
The Prevalence of Shiga toxin-1 in Shigella spp. Isolates Collected from Diarrhea Patients, Ahvaz, Iran
Authors: Mahdian Nahid , Gheysarzadeh Ali , Valadbeigi Hassan , Ghafourian Sobhan , Maleki Abbas , Sadeghifard Norkhoda
Published: July 2019

Objective
Shigellosis is one of the substantial causative agents of microbial dysentery and still has a remarkable prevalence particularly in areas with poor hygienic infrastructures. The probable existence of the deadly Shiga toxin-1(Stx1) protein in some Shigella strains would manifest life-threatening clinical symptoms of the infection. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Stx1 in isolated from patients with diarrhea.
Results
Totally, 227 Shigella species including 60 S. flexneri, 157 S. sonnei, and 10 S. boydii were collected from diarrheal patients in tropical infectious diseases research center of Ahvaz, Iran, from 2013 till 2015. The isolates were collected mostly from the intensive care unit, infectious disease, and surgery settings. The isolates were identified and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the stx gene. The results indicated that none of them encode the stx gene. In conclusion isolates of this study were not capable of stx1 encoding.
Evaluating the Rising Secular Trends of Incidence and Partial Prevalence of Colorectal Cancer in Iran: Join point regression
Authors: Vali Mouhebat , Vardanjani Hossein Molavi , Hassanzadeh Jafar
Published: July 2019

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is expected to be of the most common cancers in developing countries, where the its mortality is high and less services are avaiable for cancer survivors.

Methods

To assess the incidence rate, firstly, the incidence rates of colon and rectum reported in the two sites of http://globocan.iarc.fr and http://healthdata.org from 1990 to 2017 were extracted based on gender and age groups (less than 40 and more than 40 years old), In the next step, according to the incidence and APC(annual percentage change) provided in the previous step, we predicted the incidence for the next years according to the formulas. we Estimated the prevalence of 1-year, 2-3 year and 4-5 year using survival and incidence according to the formula. At the end we predicted prevalence by 2030 in Iran.

Results

In our study, AAPC(average annual percentage change) for women was found to be 4.07%(CI: 3.76-4.39) in all age groups and AAPC= 4.30%(CI: 4.14-4.47) for men in all age groups. the predicted incidence in the group under 40 that in men it reaches from about 12 to 15 per 100,000 and for women from about 10 to 11 per 100,000. While the increase of 100/ 10000 was found in the women over 40 years and the increase of 150/100,000 was obtained in men. And In all groups, predicted prevalence rate increases. In the group under 40 and the group over 40 prevalence increase about 2000 and 26000 numbers respectively in women and men from 2000 to 2030.

Conclusions

With regard to the above mentioned cases, there is a strong need for cancers registry, which is the population information and follow-up of patients, and the establishment of research institutes to determine the basic needs of patients.
Polyamine and Ethylene pathways crosstalk revisited on a genome wide and gene function scale
Authors: MUVUNYI BLAISE PASCAL , Wu Fan , Yan Qi , Kanzana Gisele , Zhang Yufei , Ma Tiantian , Min Xueyang , Yan Zhuanzhuan , Zhang Zhengshe , Zhao Yufeng , Wang Yanrong , Kamana Olivier , Zhang Jiyu
Published: July 2019

Background

Polyamine and ethylene biosynthesis pathway genes are widely involved in the regulation of plant abiotic stresses. For their biosynthesis, both pathways require the same precursor, Synthase Adenosyl Methionine (SAM) enzyme. Whether they function as competitors or collaborators to regulate plant abiotic stress tolerance is still an elusive topic. Genome wide analysis of Cleistogenes songorica polyamine and ethylene pathway gene families was conducted to study their evolutionary relationship. And, using Arabidopsis plants transformed with a polyamine gene SAMDC2 from C. songorica, the expression of key genes from both pathways, and other previously well-studied stress responsive genes was investigated under salt or drought stress. Further, the ABA’s role on this interaction salt stress was also studied.

Results

17 polyamine, 12 ethylene and 6 SAM biosynthesis related genes were identified at genome wide level in C. songorica. Phylogenetic analysis revealed close evolutionary similarities between gene families from both pathways. Also, analysis of cis regulatory elements indicated that SAM family genes promoters were rich into both ABA and ethylene related cis regulatory elements.

Transcriptomic analysis, qRT-PCR validation, and confirmation using transgenic Arabidopsis showed that polyamine and ethylene key pathway genes can be concurrently expressed during abiotic stresses. Arabidopsis plants expressing a polyamine gene CsSAMDC2 driven by RD29A showed an improved drought and salt stress tolerance, and an increased expression of key polyamine and ethylene pathway genes. These plants maintained higher chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity. Morphological analysis of transgenic seedlings showed that leaves of these lines exhibited a more compact architecture following salt stress exposure.

Application of ABA on transgenic lines under salt stress further improved the expression of polyamine and ethylene pathway genes. Further, lateral and primary root development were found improved during salt stress and ABA treatments. Interestingly, the expression of ethylene pathway genes was not reversed by exogenous ABA during salt stress treatment.

Conclusion

In silico and gene functional analysis assays revealed potential evolutionary and functional similarities between polyamine and ethylene pathway gene families. Such findings imply a synergetic interaction between polyamine and ethylene pathways, and the significant role of ABA on this crosstalk.
Effect of Striga gesnerioides on Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.Walp) Yield Components
Authors: Larweh Victoria , Akromah Richard , Amoah Stephen , Asibuo James Yaw , Kusi Francis , Prempeh Ruth
Published: July 2019

Background: The parasitic plant Striga gesnerioides (Willd) Vatke is becoming a threat to cowpea production in the three northern regions of Ghana (Derived Savanna, Southern Guinea Savanna and Northern Guinea Savanna. The objective of this study was to determine the extent of yield loss due to Striga in F3 progenies and their parental lines. A total of twelve cowpea genotypes were evaluated to ascertain the level of damage by S. gesnerioides.
Results: The results indicated varietal differences with respect to Striga susceptibility in the
genotypes studied. The susceptible varieties (Asomdwee and Hewale) showed an array of emerged
Striga shoots. The F3 progenies (s52, s37, s147, s272) also exhibited the same trend. The resistance
genotypes (IT99K-573-1-1 and GH3684), however, were totally devoid of Striga shoots.
Similarly, some of the F3 progenies (r246, r286, r282 and r69) were completely without Striga
shoot. Striga height was higher on susceptible genotypes than those that are moderately resistance.
The results obtained from this study revealed a percentage reduction in pods per plant range
between 45.12 and 49.53 %; grain yield reduction ranged between 78.22 and 87.17% on
susceptible genotypes which indicated that Striga had greater influence on yield. Fodder yield was
also significantly reduced between 70.59 and 73.03% in susceptible genotypes. There was a strong
negative correlation (r = -0.724) between grain yield and days to Striga emergence. A significant
negative correlation (r = -0.762) was also found between Striga shoot per plant and grain yield.
Conclusion: Striga infestation reduced pods per plant to 49%, grain yield loss to 87% and fodder yield loss to 73%. This study has revealed potential F3 genotypes resistant to S. gesnerioides under pot experiment. The implication is that if susceptible genotypes are grown the farmer stand the chance of loosen everything to the parasite.
The Arclight: A New, Low-Cost Ophthalmoscope for Medical Student Teaching
Authors: Tuteja Sahib Yuvraj , Kousha Obaid , Blaikie Andrew
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Many physicians lack confidence in performing ophthalmoscopy. Limited training at the undergraduate level, low ophthalmoscope ownership rates, and lack of access in wards have been identified as potential factors that contribute to the negative cycle that precludes development of this vital skill. We evaluated the Arclight (AO), a new low-cost (£50) pocket ophthalmoscope, against a ‘traditional’ direct ophthalmoscope (TDO) to assess whether it maybe a suitable alternative for medical student training.

Methods

18 third year medical students were split into two groups to use either the AO or the TDO device to perform two tasks: 1) Identify a range of core retinal pathologies on seven simulated eyes and; 2) Identify specific signs of diabetic retinopathy on four simulated eyes.

Results

For the first task, the mean score for correct identification of pathologies for the AO group (n=9) was 4.33 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.90 to 5.77) and the mean score for the TDO group (n=9) was 3.78 (95% CI: 5.10 to 2.46). For the second task, the mean score for the AO group (n=9) was 7.17 (95% CI: 5.11 to 9.23) and for the TDO group (n=9) was 5.61 (95% CI: 4.43 to 6.79). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups’ results for the first (p = 0.52), or the second task (p = 0.15).

Conclusions

Our results show that the AO performs just as well as the TDO in examination of both general retinal clinical signs and specific signs of diabetic retinopathy. The equal clinical effectiveness combined with low cost, consumable-independence and portability of the AO make it a suitable alternative to the TDO in medical schools. If the device was more widely adopted by students we would envisage greater and more confident use as a post-graduate doctor, improving quality of care.
Patient characteristics of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus in China: a retrospective cohort study and data analysis
Authors: zhang yongwen , Han Huanhuan , Chu Lanfang
Published: July 2019

Background: The goals of the present study were to quantify incidence rate of hypoglycemia, in-vestigate risk factors for hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and suggest preventive measures.
Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort, multicenter, non-interventional study of hypogly-cemic events, used previously acquired data from 10,359 patients with T2DM, who were treated between March 2015 and March 2018. Two aspects of our research were investigated: (i) retrospec-tive study to assess the incidence of hypoglycemia during hospitalization; and (ii) to determine the relationship between hypoglycemia and risk factors such as age, HbA1c, complications, duration of DM, insulin and/or SU use, and cognitive impairment.
Results: Overall, 9,993 patients were included in the full analysis set, 376 patients were identified hypoglycemia in the database. Demographic characteristics of patients with T2DM were similar between hypoglycemia and non-hypoglycemia groups, significant differences were not observed between the groups, except for cognitive impairment (p =0.037). The most common cause of hypo-glycemia was drug overdose/misuse (34.2%), irregular diet (21.3%), and excessive physical activity (13.8%). Most of the hypoglycemic episodes occurred before and after lunch (39.4% between 10:00 and 13:00). Retrospective rates (events per patient per month [PPPM]) of overall, severe, and noc-turnal hypoglycemia were 3.83 events PPPM (95% CI 1.90–5.80), 1.17 events PPPM (95% CI 0.78-1.56), and 0.07 events PPPM (95% CI 0.05-0.09). Multivariate model analysis showed that the use of SU (OR=3.162, p = 0.040) and insulin (OR= 2.414, p = 0.017) were associated with hypo-glycemic events. Logistic regression analysis of the variables revealed that significant positive as-sociation of the frequency of overall and severe hypoglycemia with age (beta=0.855, p=0.018; be-ta=1.343, p=0.015) and duration of DM (beta=1.248, p=0.025; beta=0.947, p=0.014).
Conclusions: The present study shows that advanced age, duration of DM, cognitive dysfunction, and insulin and/or SU use are the main causes of hypoglycemia in Chinese patients with T2DM. Education on hypoglycemia, appropriate use of antidiabetic drugs and avoidance of related risk factors are essential for patients with DM.
Healthcare system barriers of breast and thyroid screening for childhood and young adulthood cancer survivors in France A qualitative study of the DeNaCaPST programme at one year
Authors: demoor-goldschmidt charlotte , berger claire , guichard isabelle , SUPIOT STEPHANE , dezellus aliette , filhon bruno , bondiau piere-yves , poiree maryline , oudot caroline , claude line , truc gilles , briandet claire , padovani laetitia , coze carole , bernier valerie , kerr christine , reguerre yves , sudour-bonnange helene , gaudichon jeremie , vigneron celine , dumas agnes , vathaire florent de
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Childhood, adolescent and young adult cancer survivors (CAYACS) who were treated by radiotherapy have a significant risk of developing subsequent malignancies, particularly breast and thyroid cancers when the field of irradiation concerned these organs. Advice regarding their increased risk of developing secondary breast (SBC) and thyroid (STC) cancer are recommended to ensure risk-stratified life-long follow-up care including appropriate screening. In France, a national program called DeNaCaPST was started to promote this care. We aimed to explore the perspectives of medical practitioners (MP) on the healthcare system factors that limited inclusion in this programme.
Methods
Data of the DeNaCAPST programme regarding organisation were studied, including data from a qualitative survey done among MP.
Results
Seventeen months after the DeNaCaPST programme started, 84.6% of the French regions had participating centres/hospitals, along with one overseas territory. The main barriers to screening highlighted by MP were: 1) inconvenient and under-resourced healthcare professionals to perform these consultations, (2) difficulty determining which CAYACS need SBC and/or STC screening, (3) difficulty organising the network of professionals from paediatric to adult health services.
Conclusions
Despite a slow inclusion speed and a suboptimal geographical coverage, changes are underway and should allow for several improvements and interesting perspectives for this study. CAYACS lost to follow-up are difficult to invite for a consultation. The absence of real long-term follow-up care is a real barrier to promoting such screening, which must involve a transition care between the paediatric oncologists who know who are at risk and why and the adult medical professionals who have the knowledge to do the screening. The involvement and empowerment of CAYACS is necessary to promote patient-centred healthcare solutions and seems feasible.
Effect of water temperature on occurrence of Edwardsiella tarda in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus farms in Jeju island, South Korea
Authors: Yoo Juri , Han Sori , Hong Jimin , Kang Bo-Kwang , Phuong Mai Thi , Lee Woo-Jai , Munang'andu Hetron Mweemba , Kim Sung-Hyun
Published: July 2019

Objective: Edwardsiellosis is an important disease associated with high economic losses in aquaculture. In the present study we wanted to determine whether occurrence of Edwardsiella tarda infections in Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) correspond with changes in water temperature on fish farms in Jeju island, South Korea.
Results: In 2017, the number of cases were highest in August and September reaching up to 70% of the sampled fish when the average monthly water temperature was highest at 21.7°C. The number of cases declined to <5% during the cold months of January to March when the mean monthly water temperatures were lowest varying between 15.6°C and 16.4°C in 2017. However, the number of cases in 2018 where lower than in 2017 despite the average annual temperature for both years being equal at 18.2°C. Interestingly, the number of cases observed in the first three months of 2019 corresponded with cases observed in 2017 during the first three months when the average water monthly temperature was 16.4°C and 15.2°C. Data presented herein could be useful in understanding the effect of water temperature on occurrence of E. tarda infection leading to developing intervention control measures against E. tarda infections in aquaculture.
Hepatitis B Prevalence among Pregnant Women in Central and West Nile regions of Uganda: Is there a Need to prioritize Prevention of Mother to Child hepatitis B transmission?
Authors: Nankya-Mutyoba Joan , Aizire Jim , Makumbi Fredrick , Atuyambe Lynn , Kirk Gregory , Ocama Ponsiano
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Within sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the burden of chronic hepatitis B (HBV) is unacceptably high in several countries including Uganda. Elimination of HBV in the context of inadequate resources and several competing health issues, faces challenges including limited data on disease burden in important population sub-groups. In order to optimize available resources, reliable data on HBV among pregnant women is useful to guide policies on prevention. This study estimated HBV prevalence and related factors among pregnant women in Central and West Nile regions of Uganda

Methods

Using a two-stage sampling approach, we selected a random sample of 310 pregnant women, 18 years or older from public health facility antenatal clinics in central and west Nile, North-western Uganda. Consenting women were interviewed to obtain data on HBV vaccination status, HIV status, selected sexual and lifestyle factors and socio-demographic information. In addition, they underwent phlebotomy to obtain blood for testing for hepatitis B surface antigen, (HBsAg) antibodies to the surface antigen (anti-HBs), and antibodies to the core (anti-HBc), as indicators of chronic infection, prior exposure, and susceptibility (anti-HBs <10 mIU /mL), respectively.

Results

Out of 310 women, prevalence of chronic HBV infection was 6.2%. Prevalence in the West Nile region was notably higher than in the Central region (11.0% vs. 1.3%), p<0.001. In both regions, majority of pregnant women (61% West Nile region, 76% Central region) were still susceptible to HBV. Overall, proportion who had been tested for HBV and those who reported having been vaccinated was only 5.8% and 11.3% respectively.

Conclusion

Our findings reveal the burden of HBV in Ugandan pregnant women is still high, with marked regional differences in disease prevalence, and poor levels of HBV testing and vaccination. These data suggest that HBV prevention programs and policies in resource-limited settings like Uganda may need to consider the differential HBV prevalence, as optimizing HBV prevention services in higher prevalence regions may provide greater impact and thereby align with the WHO recommendation on HBV elimination strategy in SSA.
Epidemiology of Dermatophytes and Non Dermatophyte Molds among Patients Attending Rank Higher Specialized Dermatology Clinic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Araya Shambel , Tesfaye Betelhem , Fente Desalegn
Published: July 2019

Background: Dermatophytes are keratinophilic fungi that infect keratinized tissues causing diseases known as dermatophytosis. Dermatophytosis is common worldwide and continues to increase.
Objective: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of dermatophytes and the spectrum of fungal agents in patients attending Rank higher clinic.
Methods: a cross sectional study has been conducted, in which 318 Samples were collected from patient’s hair, nail and skin. A portion of each sample was examined microscopically and the remaining portion of each sample was cultured onto plates of Sabouraud’s dextrose agar containing chloramphenicol with and without cycloheximide. Dermatophyte isolates were identified by studying macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of their colonies.
Result: Of 318 samples, fungi were detected in 133 (54.4%) by direct wet mount while 148/315(46.5%) of them were culture positive. From these 72/148(46.8 %) were dermatophytes. Among dermatophyte isolates T. tonsurans 29/72(40.2%) was the most common cause of infection. Tinea capitis was the predominant clinical manifestation accounting for 170/315(53.4%) of the cases. Patients with age group 1-14 years were more affected. T. tonsurans was the most common pathogen in tinea capitis, whereas T. mentagrophytes was the most common pathogen in tinea corporis.
Conclusion: In this study the prevalence of dermatophytes were higher. Further intensive epidemiological studies of dermatophytes induced dermatophytosis which have public health significance are needed.
Key words: Dermatophytes, Non dermatophytes, Dermatophytosis, fungi
The Effect of Horticultural Community Service Programs on Recidivism
Authors: Holmes Megan , Waliczek Tina M.
Published: July 2019

The average cost of housing a single inmate in the United States is roughly $31,286 per year, bringing the total average cost states spend on corrections to more than $50 billion per year. Statistics show 1 in every 34 adults in the United States is under some form of correctional supervision; and after 3 years, more than 4 in 10 prisoners return to custody. The purpose of this study was to determine the availability of opportunities for horticultural community service and whether there were differences in incidences of recurrences of offenses/recidivism of offenders completing community service in horticultural vs. nonhorticultural settings. Data were collected through obtaining offender profile probation revocation reports, agency records, and community service supervision reports for one county in Texas. The sample included both violent and nonviolent and misdemeanor and felony offenders. Offenders who completed their community service in horticultural or nonhorticultural outdoor environments showed lower rates of recidivism compared with offenders who completed their community service in nonhorticultural indoor environments and those who had no community service. Demographic comparisons found no difference in incidence of recidivism in comparisons of offenders based on gender, age, and the environment in which community service was served. In addition, no difference was shown in incidence of recidivism in comparisons based on offenders with misdemeanor vs. felony charges. The results and information gathered support the continued notion that horticultural activities can play an important role in influencing an offender’s successful reentry into society.
EXERCISE AND PEAK BONE MASS: RECOMMENDATION FOR BUILDING HEALTHY BONES IN CHILDREN
Authors: Kurniawan A Andi
Published: July 2019

Regular Physical activity (PA) and exercise plays a vital role in the health and well-being of people of all ages, and its associated with positive outcomes relating to weight status, cardiometabolic markers, chronic disease prevention, bone health and mental health. Genetic factors are the strongest determinants of bone mass, but PA and exercise with loading of the bone also has a major impact on bone mass as well as on bone strength. Physical activity has been proposed as a key factor for developing healthy bones in childhood and adolescence, mainly when high-impact and weight-bearing exercise above a certain intensity and duration. It has been associated with bone accretion showing an important osteogenic effect, mainly when high-impact and weight bearing physical activity occur. Muscle mass is also a determinant of bone development. Several studies have examined the association between PA and bone health among youths.
MEMAHAMI KAITAN OBESITAS DAN KANKER: PELUANG UNTUK PENCEGAHAN KANKER
Authors: Wargasetia Teresa Liliana
Published: July 2019

Jumlah kasus kanker yang disebabkan oleh obesitas diperkirakan sebesar

20%. The International Agency for Research into Cancer dan the World Cancer

Research Fund melaporkan bahwa kanker yang sering dialami oleh penderita

obesitas adalah kanker endometrium, adenokarsinoma esofagus, kolorektal,

payudara postmenopause, prostat, dan ginjal. Risiko keganasan yang meningkat

dipengaruhi distribusi lemak tubuh dan peningkatan berat badan yang

menyebabkan transfer lipid dari adiposit ke tumor. Sejumlah studi melaporkan

bahwa kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas berkorelasi dengan tingkat kematian

akibat kanker hepar, pankreas, kolon, endometrium, ginjal, payudara

postmenopause, mieloma, dan Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Empat sistem yang

teridentifikasi sebagai penyebab kanker pada obesitas adalah peningkatan lipid,

respons inflamasi, resistensi insulin, dan adipokin. Konsumsi sejumlah makanan

yang bersifat antikanker dan antiobesitas bersama dengan restriksi kalori dan

aktivitas fisik membantu dalam pencegahan kanker yang berkaitan dengan

obesitas.
ANALISIS KEUANGAN TERHADAP KELAYAKAN INVESTASI LABORATORIUM ANGIOGRAFI RUMAH SAKIT BETHESDA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Al Hadri Cecilia Farrona , Probandari Ari Natalia , Pinzon Rizaldi Taslim
Published: July 2019

Latar Belakan: kematian akibat PTM (Penyakit Tidak Menular)

diperkirakan akan terus meningkat di seluruh dunia, peningkatan terbesar akan

terjadi di negara-negara berkembang. Mempertahankan konsumen dan berusaha

mendapatkan konsumen baru merupakan strategi wajib yang harus di jalankan

oleh rumah sakit. Keberadaan konsumen sangat penting bagi bisnis rumah sakit

karena konsumen merupakan roda bisnis rumah sakit. Rumah Sakit Bethesda

Yogyakarta, berencana untuk melakukan investasi laboratorium Angiografi untuk

menunjang fasilitas kesehatan yang sudah ada. Sebelum melakukan investasi

penting untuk mengetahui berapa besar unit cost dan tarif yang akan ditetapkan

selain itu juga perlu diketahui kemauan membayar (Willingness to Pay) dan

kemampuan membayar (Ability to Pay) pasien terhadap penggunaan layanan.

Metode Penelitian: penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan

studi kasus yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Bethesda Yogyakarta. Sebanyak 265

orang dipilih sebagai responden, yang diambil dari poliklinik saraf dan penyakit

dalam. Data primer terdiri dari data kemauan dan kemampuan pasien untuk

melakukan pelayanan laboratorium angiografi. Data sekunder di dapatkan dari

rumah sakit, penelitian terdahulu dan lainnya. Analisis investasi dihitung

menggunakan Net Present Value, Internal Ratr of Return, payback Period dan

Return On Investment.

Hasil: Perhitungan dengan menggunakan analisis Net Present Value

menghasilkan nilai sebesar Rp.23.569.363.711,-. Jika dibandingkan dengan nilai

modal, NPV bernilai positif sehingga investasi ini layak dilaksanakan. Analisis

Internal Rate of Return menghasilkan nilai 29% yang berarti lebih besar dari faktor

diskonto artinya dengan menggunakan analisis ini investasi juga layak dilakukan.

Perhitungan menggunakan Payback Period diketahui masa balik modal investasi

laboratorium angiografi adalah selama tiga tahun tujuh bulan dan Return On

Invesment menunjukkan pelayanan laboratrium angiografi berkemampuan untuk

menghasilkan laba sebesar 120%.

Kesimpulan: hasil penelitian menunjukkan investasi laboratorium

angiografi dari aspek keuangan layak dilakukan. Kemauan masyarakat untuk

menggunakan layanan cukup tinggi namun dari segi kemampuan rata-rata masih

rendah.
TRANSCRANIAL DOPPLER PADA SEREBRAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION LAPORAN KASUS
Authors: Pramudita Esdras Ardi
Published: July 2019

Serebral Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) merupakan suatu kelainan pada

formasi pembuluh darah di otak. Keadaan dinding pembuluh darah yang

terbentuk pada AVM tidak sebaik dengan pembuluh darah normal sehingga

mudah pecah dan menimbulkan masalah intraserebral. TCD merupakan suatu

pemeriksaan berbasis ultrasound yang bersifat non invasif, murah dan real time

dalam memeriksa kondisi hemodinamik intraserebral dan TCD dapat digunakan

untuk menentukan feeder artery pada serebral AVM. Melaporkan dua kasus

Serebral AVM selama bulan Juli-September 2016 di RS Panti Rapih Yogyakarta

dari kedua kasus didapatkan peningkatan Mean Flow Velocity (MFV) dan

penurunan Pulsatility Index (PI) <0,5 pada Right Anterior Cerebral Artery (R-ACA)

dari kasus pertama dan Left Middle Cerebral Artery (L-MCA) dari kasus kedua yang

menunjukkan bahwa arteri-arteri ini sebagai feeder artery
KONSEP PERNIKAHAN MASYARAKAT SAMIN DAN PENDEKATAN DAKWAH KULTURAL
Authors: Damsuki Ali
Published: July 2019

The human patterns and behavior in the dynamics of society have internal uniqueness in forming a habit. The pattern and behavior become a social construction that tends to humanist values so that it has implications for culture. Culture is the result of human creativity, initiative, and taste.
Culture represents a distinctive feature for people living in an area. The Samin community remains a group that adheres to the teachings of Saminism. In the Samin community, the culture of the wedding ceremony is contrary to Islam. There are so many things deviate from Islamic ways, such as the term “weton” (birthday) which is frequently used as the fundamental tendency for the Samin community in determining marriage mates, days and dates of marriage in a Javanese perspective and do not involve the KUA in the marriage procession. In Islam, marriage unlimited to the symbol of the birthday of every couple, both male and female. This is explained in al-Dzariyat: 49. After the presence of Islam as a religion of da'wah, the culture of the Samin community began to experience systematic changes, both religious and nationalist through the propagation of empowerment with a cultural approach. Empowerment of da'wah with a cultural approach gradually began to come into contact with the culture of the Samin community which tended to be "conservative." This change occurred through the acculturation of Samin's Islamic marriage culture and administrative records by KUA. These changes occur through the acculturation of the culture of Samin's Islamic marriage and administrative records by the KUA.