bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Políticas de inclusión en la universidad argentina: El caso de las becas y el bienestar estudiantil en la Universidad Nacional de San Martín
Authors: Arias María Fernanda , Lastra Karina
Published: February 2019

El artículo propone analizar los progresos y dificultades en la implementación de políticas institucionales encaminadas a favorecer la inclusión en la Universidad Nacional de San Martín (Argentina). La investigación es un avance del estudio de la democratización en la universidad citada en el que se trata de conocer las políticas que faciliten la apertura de la Universidad a sectores de menores ingresos. Esta Universidad está localizada en el Conurbano Bonaerense, un territorio caracterizado por altos niveles de pobreza que enfrenta problemas de deserción y bajo rendimiento académico. Si bien, el trabajo es parte de una línea de investigación más amplia, el presente artículo, luego de una contextualización histórico-política, a nivel global, regional y nacional sobre la vigencia real del derecho a la Educación Superior, se detiene en las políticas de Becas, Bienestar Estudiantil, Pedagogía Universitaria y Mentorías. El objetivo del estudio en proceso es caracterizar, relevar y sistematizar las políticas institucionales y programas específicos relacionados con estas áreas. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio; el diseño y metodología de investigación se han inscrito en una lógica principalmente cualitativa. Se utilizaron dos registros diferentes para la construcción de la evidencia empírica, uno, a través del análisis documental de diversas fuentes secundarias; el otro, a partir de entrevistas semi-estructuradas a autoridades y a personas coordinadoras. Por medio de los datos presentados se concluye que si bien se desarrollan políticas institucionales y programas específicos para favorecer la retención, permanencia y graduación del estudiantado en situación de vulnerabilidad, es necesario continuar investigando y evaluando su real efectividad, y fundamentalmente asegurar recursos para su sostenibilidad y ampliación de cobertura. Se señala que resulta preocupante que el presupuesto universitario actual muestra sub-ejecución en áreas sensibles como los programas de bienestar universitario.
La alfabetización desde una perspectiva crítica: Los aportes de Vygotski, Freire y Martín Baró
Authors: Rodríguez Arocho Wanda C.
Published: February 2019

Este texto tiene su origen en una conferencia dictada en el X Encuentro Vygotski, Freire y Martín Baró: Memoria y Vigencia en Movimiento, organizado por el Instituto de Investigación Educativa de la Universidad de Costa Rica. El mismo es una reflexión teórica que tiene como propósito sostener que, pese a que las producciones intelectuales y las acciones sociopolíticas de Lev S. Vygotski, Paulo Freire y Ignacio Martín Baró se originaron en momentos y contextos históricos distintos, sus ideas sobre las relaciones entre lenguaje, conciencia, pensamiento, afecto y actividad humana tienen vigencia y pertinencia para aproximarnos a la alfabetización crítica en la actualidad. Luego de una breve introducción al tema, prosigo con un análisis de la alfabetización como actividad históricamente situada, culturalmente mediada y socialmente ejecutada, que pone de manifiesto la intrincada relación entre tecnologías, alfabetización y transformación psicosocial. A partir de ese análisis, paso a precisar lo que cada uno de los autores mencionados aportó a la comprensión de dicha relación. Continúo con un examen de la vigencia y el movimiento de su legado y sus implicaciones para la práctica educativa orientada a la alfabetización crítica. Finalizo con una conclusión general.
Una búsqueda de nuevas praxis en torno al uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación: Más allá del ba-be-bi-bo-bu digital
Authors: Castillo Hellmund Maricris
Published: February 2019

El presente ensayo trata sobre la búsqueda de nuevas praxis en torno al uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), acciones que despierten la curiosidad y la sensibilidad, y al mismo tiempo, nos provoquen como seres humanos y no como meras personas usuarias de los recursos tecnológicos digitales. La reflexión surge a partir de una experiencia formativa en la que participaron, protagónicamente, niñas, niños y adolescentes de cinco distritos de la provincia de San José, Costa Rica. El proceso se llevó a cabo generando espacios para la promoción de la cultura tecnológica. Entre sus principales resultados destaca el uso crítico, significativo y empoderador de las tecnologías que hicieron las personas participantes en sus comunidades. De su puesta en marcha se concluye que es fundamental promover iniciativas de alfabetización digital desde perspectivas críticas, las cuales siempre aspiren a ser prácticas de libertad, de diálogo y de solidaridad. El ensayo se compone de tres apartados: en primera instancia, una breve introducción al tema y al contexto en el que se desarrolló la iniciativa. En segundo lugar, la narración y el análisis del proceso formativo, y, por último, se presentan las principales conclusiones.
Oferta de medicamentos biosimilares a la caja costarricense de seguro social: posible impacto económico para la seguridad social
Authors: Castro Cambronero Ariel , Mata Coto Rosario , Pacheco Molina Jorge André , Mora Román Juan José
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: A partir del 2006, el mercado de los medicamentos biosimilares ha crecido a nivel mundial. Se buscó determinar la factibilidad de ofertar medicamentos biosimilares a la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social (CCSS), evaluando su posible impacto económico. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la base comercial de datos de la CCSS para conocer sobre la compra de productos biológicos por parte de esta institución. Se hizo una búsqueda de los biosimilares registrados en países regidos por las autoridades reguladoras de alta vigilancia sanitaria. Y se efectuó un estudio de los precios de compra de fármacos biosimilares por la CCSS.  Resultados: El grupo antineoplásicos y agentes inmunomoduladores fue el de mayor inversión presupuestaria para el 2015, y trastuzumab 440 mg y rituximab 500 mg abarcaron el 58,64% del dinero empleado para la compra de medicamentos biológicos. Además, actualmente existen 10 principios activos aprobados por las autoridades reguladoras de alta vigilancia sanitaria. Finalmente, para los productos biosimilares comprados por la CCSS, su precio ha disminuido con el paso del tiempo (57% para la epoetina α y 61% para el filgrastim, con respecto al valor histórico de compra mayor).Conclusión: El ofertar medicamentos biosimilares a la CCSS puede convertirse en algo más frecuente a corto plazo, debido al ahorro económico producto de su compra.
Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca como indicador de la actividad del sistema nervioso autónomo: implicaciones en el ejercicio y patologías
Authors: Alvarado Fernández Víctor , Camacho Vargas Shirley , Monge Rodríguez Silvia Leticia , Rodríguez Umaña David , Fernández Ramírez Aileen
Published: February 2019

Resumen: La variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca es uno de los indicadores del funcionamiento del sistema nervioso autónomo y se ha utilizado en la investigación y la clínica como un método no invasivo para determinar su actividad.  Su medición se realiza estableciendo parámetros estadísticos de la variación que existe latido a latido en el electrocardiograma, los cuales pueden caracterizarse en dominios temporal y frecuencial.  El dominio temporal es la descripción más básica de esta variabilidad y permite obtener el dominio frecuencial. En este último, se calcula un componente de alta frecuencia que se relaciona con la arritmia sinusal respiratoria y el comportamiento de la rama parasimpática; además de un componente de baja frecuencia cuya interpretación ha resultado controversial y podría representar el efecto combinado entre las ramas simpática y parasimpática, moduladas por el barorreflejo.  El control neural de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca involucra los sistemas encefálicos, la médula espinal y los sistemas locales, que son influidos por aferencias de mecano, quimio y barorreceptores.  Las aplicaciones del análisis de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca aún se discuten e involucran una gran variedad de campos como el ejercicio, las enfermedades cardiovasculares y sus factores de riesgo, así como las psicopatologías.
Control de calidad de un colirio comercializado en las macrobióticas de Costa Rica que declara contener materias primas naturales.
Authors: Escalona Rodríguez Rocío , Hernández Hernández Gabriela , Montero Salas Daniela , Rodríguez Rojas Victoria , Valverde Morales Joselym , Loría Gutiérrez Arlene , Blanco Barrantes Jeimy , Mora Román Juan José
Published: February 2019

Justificación y objetivos: El Reglamento Técnico Centroamericano (RTCA) 11.03.64:11 (Productos Farmacéuticos. Productos Naturales Medicinales para Uso Humano. Registro Sanitariio) especifica que los colirios no se pueden registrar como productos naturales.  Se buscó determinar el cumplimiento de los requisitos de calidad, según la Farmacopea de los Estados Unidos (USP) 38 y el RTCA 11.04.41:06, de un colirio comercializado en las macrobióticas de Costa Rica que declara contener materias primas naturales. Métodos: Se evaluaron los requisitos de etiquetado de acuerdo al RTCA 11.04.41:06. También se realizaron las pruebas establecidas en la USP 38 para la determinación del pH, osmolaridad y esterilidad. Además, se llevó a cabo una prueba de conductividad, para el colirio contenido en cada uno de los frascos, se les determinó el pH, la osmolaridad y la tinción de Gram a los medios de cultivo empleados para la prueba de esterilidad.  Resultados: El colirio cumplió 7 de los 23 rubros de equiquetado evaluados.  Para las pruebas de pH y osmolaridad se obtuvieron valores promedio de 6,86 y 0 mOsm/L, respectivamente. El ensayo de conductividad exhibió un valor de 81,8µS/cm, similar al agua potable (82,4 µS/cm). En la prueba de esterilidad, se observó crecimiento bacteriano en los medios de cultivo de tioglicolato y caseína-soya. Al realizar la tinción de Gram, a ambos medios, se reconoció la presencia de bacilos Gram negativos. Conclusión: El colirio no cumple con los requisitos establecidos en el RTCA (etiquetado) y la USP 38 (osmolaridad y esterilidad). Por tal razón, no debe ser comercializado, ni aplicado en seres humanos.
Homeostasis del magnesio: Implicaciones fisiológicas y patológicas.
Authors: Murillo Rojas Fernando , Arrieta Leandro María Cristina , Ellis Wegley Catherine , Dobles Bermúdez Eliott
Published: February 2019

La deficiencia moderada o severa de magnesio (Mg2+) lleva a anormalidades bioquímicas y manifestaciones clínicas relacionadas con el músculo esquelético, músculo cardiaco y patologías renales. El Mg2+participa en múltiples procesos homeostáticos como el metabolismo energético, la duplicación y transcripción de material genético, el transporte de sustancias a través de la membrana citoplasmática y reacciones enzimáticas. La regulación de las concentraciones de Mg2+ en el líquido extracelular y en el líquido intracelular depende de factores hormonales (insulina y hormona paratiroidea); intestinales (absorción paracelular) y renales (reabsorción en el asa de Henle); además de los depósitos de reserva en hueso y músculo. A pesar de que el Mg2+ está presente en varios alimentos, estudios en subpoblaciones costarricenses evidencian dietas con inadecuado aporte de Mg2+. La hipomagnesemia provocada por dietas insuficientes de Mg2+ contribuye a desarrollar procesos patológicos tales como calambres, arritmias e hipertensión arterial. La presente revisión pretende describir las bases de la función del Mg2+ en la fisiología humana; los mecanismos de absorción, regulación, excreción y su homeostasis, así como la importancia clínica de los efectos de su baja ingesta, la cual se vuelve cada vez más prevalente.
Personal attributes of supervisors: are these the key to transforming construction safety in the UK?
Authors: Talabi Babajide , Edum-Fotwe Francis , Gibb Alistair
Published: February 2019

The UK construction industry accounts for a disproportionately high number of major and fatal injuries. The industry has a poor worker safety record, and several stakeholders have made efforts to improve its performance. Much of such efforts have, however, targeted reactive control measures. Research indicates that there is a positive correlation between a proactive alternative – safety behaviours – and safety performance. These behaviours are shaped by the personality of individuals or determined by their social sphere of interaction, including supervisors. Thus, the role that the supervisor plays in influencing the behaviours of front-line workers (FLWs) was investigated. Using a survey and statistical tests, the perspectives of FLWs were obtained and analysed, respectively, to establish the vital supervisors’ qualities that improve their safety behaviours. The emerging qualities were found to rank from highest to lowest potential as follows: integrity/trust, openness/transparency, genuine care, accountability, flexibility, respect, fairness, consistent high personal standards, ability to empower and beliefs. The findings from this study suggest that organisations can improve their safety performance by focusing on the aforementioned qualities in three stages. The findings also highlight the need for organisations to focus on subtle but significant human qualities that are often ignored in safety management.
Ultra-deep, long-read nanopore sequencing of mock microbial community standards v1
Authors: Quick Josh , Nicholls Sam , Loman Nick , Tang Shuiquan
Published: February 2019

Background: Long sequencing reads are information-rich: aiding de novo assembly and reference mapping, and consequently have great potential for the study of microbial communities. However, the best approaches for analysis of long-read metagenomic data are unknown. Additionally, rigorous evaluation of bioinformatics tools is hindered by a lack of long-read data from validated samples with known composition. Methods: We sequenced two commercially-available mock communities containing ten microbial species (ZymoBIOMICS Microbial Community Standards) with Oxford Nanopore GridION and PromethION. Both communities and the ten individual species isolates were also sequenced with Illumina technology. Data: We generated 14 and 16 Gbp from GridION owcells and 150 and 153 Gbp from PromethION owcells for the evenly-distributed and log-distributed communities respectively. Read length N50 was 5.3 Kbp and 5.2 Kbp for the even and log community, respectively. Basecalls and corresponding signal data are made available (4.2 TB in total). Results: Alignment to Illumina-sequenced isolates demonstrated the expected microbial species at anticipated abundances, with the limit of detection for the lowest abundance species below 50 cells (GridION). De novo assembly of metagenomes recovered long contiguous sequences without the need for pre-processing techniques such as binning. Conclusions: We present ultra-deep, long-read nanopore datasets from a well-dened mock community. These datasets will be useful for those developing bioinformatics methods for long-read metagenomics and for the validation and comparison of current laboratory and software pipelines.
The connection between the clinical picture of myocardial infarction associated with cardiorenal syndrome with NOS3 gene polymorphism and systemic inflammatory response
Authors: Siverina Аnna V. , Skorodumova Elena A. , Kostenko Viktor A. , Pivovarova Lyudmila P. , Ariskina Olga B. , Malyshev Mikhail E. , Skorodumova Elizaveta G. , Rysev Alexander V. , Fedorov Artyom N.
Published: February 2019

Background. At present close attention is paid to the study of genetic mutations and markers of systemic inflammatory response (SIR) in patients with cardiorenal syndrome.
Aim. To evaluate the effect of NOS3 gene t786c polymorphism and SVR on the clinical course of hospital and long-term periods in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and acute kidney injury (AKI).
Materials and methods. 108 patients treated for MI were examined. All patients were divided into 2 groups: the first — 56 patients with IM and AKI, the second — 52 patients with IM but without AKI.
Results. In patients with MI and AKI, heterozygote and homozygote by allele С with NOS3 gene polymorphism Т786С, as well as leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) in the blood were significantly more frequently detected. In the hospital period there was a large percentage of relapses of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which led to high mortality. In the long-term period recurrent ACS and stent thromboses were also significantly more frequent, as well as high mortality rate.
The conclusion. Patients with IM and AKI revealed high frequency of allele C inheritance with polymorphism t786c gene NOS3, which in combination with the induction of SVR, being manifested by leukocytosis and increase in the content of CRP in the blood, was associated with the severity of the clinical picture, both in hospital and in the long-term periods.
For the 25th anniversary of interventional surgery foundation in Leningrad region
Authors: Artyushin Boris S. , Ryzhkov Vladimir K.
Published: February 2019

The article analyzes the historical aspects of endovascular surgery development in Leningrad region, one of the largest North-Western regions. Particularities of introducing modern endovascular techniques in practical work of surgeons in the Head Medical organization of the Leningrad region are presented. The article presents the results of interaction between endovascular surgeons and other specialists in improving methods of treating patients not only with cardiovascular diseases but also with hastroenterologic, hynecologic, urologic and other pathologies. The article also considers scientific works of Angiography department in Leningrad Region Hospital in XX–XXI centuries and in the period of modernization in the Russian Health System as well as the perspectives of Leningrad endovascular surgery.
A imitação de Ovídio e as estratégias de Marcial
Authors: Cairolli Fábio Paifer
Published: February 2019

O presente artigo analisa um conjunto de passagens de Marcial em que este autor emula a poesia de Ovídio, e tem o objetivo de compreender as estratégias que Marcial emprega na apropriação de material da obra de Ovídio. Partindo da classificação de Cenni (2009), que divide as passagens de seu corpus em citações (citazioni) e ecos (riecchegiamenti), conclui-se que os procedimentos de Marcial são mais complexos do que a dicotomia proposta pela pesquisadora italiana e propõe-se uma tipologia que classifica a atividade de emulação de Ovídio por Marcial em reminiscência, justaposição, apropriação de matéria e subversão.

Palavras-chave: Marcial; Ovídio; poética clássica; emulação; intertextualidade.

Keywords:
A arkhḗ da poesia e do drama na Poética de Aristóteles
Authors: Silva Rafael Guimarães Tavares da
Published: February 2019

A Poética de Aristóteles é uma obra fundamental para a compreensão do desenvolvimento da poesia e da filosofia entre os herdeiros da tradição helênica, constituindo um momento especialmente fecundo da reflexão filosófica sobre a arte poética. Após situarmos o contexto intelectual de sua produção, pretendemos avançar uma série de considerações sobre a importância assumida pela noção de arkhḗ (“origem; princípio; poder”) da poesia e do drama no interior da argumentação aristotélica a fim de compreendermos as razões que podem tê-lo levado a se contrapor a alguns dos mais radicais posicionamentos presentes na obra de Platão no tocante à poesia. Para isso, efetuaremos uma leitura cerrada do texto da Poética, enriquecendo-a com uma abordagem intertextual e guarnecida por estudos especializados, e proporemos ainda interpretações pontuais de trechos especialmente obscuros (como é o caso da célebre passagem sobre a origem ditirâmbica da tragédia).

Palavras-chave: poética antiga; filosofia antiga; drama antigo; Aristóteles; Poética.

Keywords:
RESISTENCIA BACTERIANA EN UROCULTIVOS DE UNA POBLACIÓN DE EMBARAZADAS DE CONTROL PRENATAL EN BOGOTÁ JUNIO 2013 – JUNIO 2015
Authors: HERRERA MENDEZ MAURICIO , GOMEZ BOSSA MAURICIO ANDRES
Published: February 2019

La infección urinaria baja, específicamente la bacteriuria asintomática afecta el 2 al 7% de los embarazos; sin tratamiento, evoluciona a pielonefritis, aumenta la probabilidad de parto pretérmino, bajo peso al nacer y preeclampsia. La identificación y tratamiento de la infección urinaria baja es prioritaria.  Conocer la sensibilidad antibiótica de los diferentes patógenos permite revisar las estrategias de tratamiento y disminuir los desenlaces adversos perinatales. Objetivo: Determinar el perfil de resistencia de los principales patógenos aislados en los urocultivos de las pacientes embarazadas que acudieron a control prenatal en Clínica Colsanitas. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional con pacientes gestantes que asistieron a control prenatal. Se tomaron todos los resultados de urocultivos de las pacientes gestantes y se excluyeron urocultivos sugestivos de contaminación. Se analizaron los patógenos aislados y la sensibilidad a los diferentes antibióticos. Resultados: De 14054 muestras para urocultivo 1177 resultaron positivas. El principal patógeno aislado fue Escherichia coli con una prevalencia del 71,4%, seguido en frecuencia por Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis y Klebsiella pneumoniae. La resistencia de Escherichia coli a ampicilina fue de 37,3%, a trimetoprim sulfametoxazol 23,3%, cefalotina 11,1%. La sensibilidad a fosfomicina fue de 98%. En general los patógenos más frecuentemente aislados presentaron bajas tasas de expresión de betalactamasas. Conclusiones: E. coli fue el patógeno más frecuente. La alta resistencia a la ampicilina contraindica su uso empírico. El uso de otros antibióticos como cefalexina o nitrofurantoína es adecuado. Fosfomicina puede ser una opción cuando no sea posible usar los anteriormente descritos.
HIPERPARATIROIDISMO PRIMARIO CLASICO SECUNDARIO A UN ADENOMA PARATIROIDEO
Authors: Paniagua Nogue Roxanna , Rojano Rada Jairo
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: Notificar un caso de hiperparatiroidismo primario sintomático secundario a un adenoma de paratiroideo. Caso: Femenina de 34 años con cuadro de 4 años de evolución con múltiples fracturas patológicas, pérdida de peso, astenia. Los exámenes revelaron hipercalcemia, hipofosfemia y PTH elevada (968 pg/ml). Se hospitalizó para manejo de dolor articular severo asociado a multiples fracturas de fragilidad, realizándose niveles de PTH reportando niveles elevados (968 pg/mL) y gammagrama y Spect de paratiroides material 25mci 99m MIBI que evidencio patrón sugestivo de adenoma paratiroideo inferior izquierdo. Para lo cual se realiza exéresis del adenoma. Discusión: Hiperparatiroidismo primario (PHPT), un trastorno endocrino común caracterizado por hipercalcemia y niveles elevados o inadecuadamente normales de PTH, su diagnóstico se base en una evaluación bioquímica. Un de las principales causas es el adenoma o hiperplasia de paratiroides.
FAST INVERSION OF UAV MAGNETIC FIELD DATA ON THE EXAMPLE OF SYNTHETIC MODELS WITH THE TOPOGRAPHY
Authors: Maksimov M. A. , Surodina I. V. , Glinskikh V. N.
Published: February 2019

High-performance algorithm for an unmanned magnetometer complex data inversion is proposed. We provide numerical tests for tomographic inversion of data for the different-height magnetic surveying. We show the results of calculations for a test model with a magnetic object in the form of a cylinder of finite height. We propose the recommendations for the method application for the inversion of the observed data.
Betwixt and Between: A Reflection on the Scale and Scope of Disaster Memories
Authors: Mauch Felix
Published: February 2019

This paper shows that disaster memories not only develop over different circuits of time, but also involve multiple spatial layers. In the particular case presented here, remembering Hamburg’s ‘Great Deluge’ of 1962 followed patterns in which national politics intermeshed with distinctive local legacies and competing memory actors in changing interpretive frames. Tracing the flood’s multi-faceted reverberations along these intersections, this article suggests, firstly, that a long-term analysis of selected memory narratives can offer insights into the broader political implications as well as the unique characteristics of placebased disaster cultures. Secondly, by taking into account commemoration events, politics of remembrance as well as symbolic and material lieux de mémoire, the article shows that disaster memories are shaped by historical actors both ‘outside’ and ‘on site’. As a result, the article traces an eclectic panorama of co-evolving disaster memory cultures – not only local and (inter)national, environmental and social, and ‘from below’ and prescribed at the same time, but ‘betwixt and between’ them as well.
Políticas públicas de educación afrocolombiana: el arte de escamotear el derecho de los pueblos
Authors: Rincón Jorge Enrique García
Published: February 2019

El artículo se ocupa de describir los momentos en que el Estado colombiano ha legislado para los pueblos de ancestro africano, especialmente en materia de derechos educativos. También mostrará que las leyes específicas para estas comunidades de manera contradictoria no gozan de una estrategia de promoción por parte del Estado y por el contrario se han naturalizado en un doble juego de inclusión-negación, esto es, el derecho de los negros es parte de la normatividad pero no se aplica en la práctica. Se postula aquí que la inclusión de las comunidades Afro a las políticas educativas del Estado responde a una estrategia de desmovilización e intento de cierre de los procesos reivindicativos. No obstante, pese a la visión colonial y racista que marca de forma permanente el desempeño de las elites colombianas, desde el siglo XIX emergen grupos de intelectuales negros que han logrado influir de manera significativa en los procesos de reclamación de una educación enderezada a revitalizar las construcciones sociales, políticas y culturales de los afrocolombianos. La apertura a la diversidad cultural de la Constitución política de 1991 es leída aquí como estrategia del multiculturalismo de Estado.
Exploring Professional Development for New Investigators Underrepresented in the Federally Funded Biomedical Research Workforce
Authors: Hemming, PhD Japera , Eide Kristin , Harwood Eileen , Ali Ratib , Zhu Zhu , Cutler Jason
Published: February 2019

Objective: The National Research Mentor­ing Network (NRMN) is a strategic partner­ship whose goals include remedying docu­mented disparities by race and ethnicity in the awarding of National Institutes of Health research grants. Our objectives were to offer a profile of early-career investigators who applied to NRMN’s Grantsmanship Coach­ing Programs (GCP) and test for differences in the research productivity, professional obligations, research resources, and motiva­tions of applicants from underrepresented groups (URGs) compared with applicants from well-represented groups (WRGs). We also evaluated how employment at a minority serving institution (MSI) influenced access to research resources and profes­sional obligations.Participants: 880 investigators who submit­ted online applications to join an NRMN GCP between August 1, 2015 and February 1, 2018.Methods: We used two-sample tests of pro­portions and logistic regression to explore differences in applicants’ characteristics and local research environment by group (URG vs WRG) and institution type (MSI vs Other).Results: URG and WRG applicants did not differ in grant application submission history. However, URG applicants had published fewer articles than WRG peers (9.8 vs 15.3, P<.001) and fewer articles as first/last author (4.4 vs 6.9, P<.001). URG appli­cants reported less access to core facilities to conduct research (74% vs 81%, P<.05). Investigators at MSIs reported less access to collaborators (P<.01) and departmental colleagues with federal funding (P<.001) and spent less time on conducting research (P<.001). URGs were more motivated to seek professional development support to expand their peer networks (P<.05) and advance their careers (P<.001).Conclusions: Our findings identified several points of intervention to help applicants from URGs to improve their future chances of obtaining competitive funding.Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1): 123-128; doi:10.18865/ ed.29.S1.123.
Building the Next Generation of Implementation Science Careers to Advance Health Equity
Authors: Boyce Cheryl Anne , Barfield Whitney , Curry Jennifer , Shero Susan , Green Parker Mellissa , Cox Helen , Bustillo Jazmin , Price LeShawndra N.
Published: February 2019

Rapid advancements in translational research have produced innovative clinical discoveries and evidence-based interven­tions that are ready for uptake in real-world settings, creating vast opportunities and challenges for implementation science. However, there is an inadequate research workforce to study effective strategies and delivery of implementation to advance the field. Novel career development initiatives will build scholars for the next genera­tion of implementation science to bridge research to practice for diverse populations to advance health equity, specifically with a strategic focus on heart, lung, blood and sleep diseases and conditions. Along with traditional mentoring and curricula, research training includes state-of-the-art approaches using complex methods and multi-disci­plinary collaborations between researchers, practice settings, and diverse communities. Implementation science scholars strive not only to decrease the lag time between the discovery of evidence-based interven­tions and successful implementation but also how to advance health equity and to reduce disparities for underserved popula­tions that suffer disproportionally.Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1):77-82; doi:10.18865/ ed.29.S1.77.
Partnerships to Improve Shared Decision Making for Patients with Hypertension: Health Equity Implications
Authors: Langford Aisha T. , Williams Stephen K. , Applegate Melanie , Ogedegbe Olugbenga , Braithwaite Ronald S.
Published: February 2019

Shared decision making (SDM) has increas­ingly become appreciated as a method to enhance patient involvement in health care decisions, patient-provider communication, and patient-centered care. Compared with cancer, the literature on SDM for hyperten­sion is more limited. This is notable because hypertension is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and both conditions disproportionately affect certain subgroups of patients. However, SDM holds prom­ise for improving health equity by better engaging patients in their health care. For example, many reasonable options exist for treating uncomplicated stage-1 hyperten­sion. These options include medication and/ or lifestyle changes such as healthy eating, physical activity, and weight management. Deciding on “the best” plan of action for hypertension management can be challeng­ing because patients have different goals and preferences for treatment. As hyper­tension management may be considered a preference-sensitive decision, adherence to treatment plans may be greater if those plans are concordant with patient prefer­ences. SDM can be implemented in a broad array of care contexts, from patient-provider dyads to interprofessional collaborations. In this article, we argue that SDM has the potential to advance health equity and improve clinical care. We also propose a process to evaluate whether SDM has occurred and suggest future directions for research.Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1):97- 102; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S1.97.
COMPORTAMENTO ASSIMÉTRICO DE CUSTOS EM EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS DE CAPITAL ABERTO: UMA ANÁLISE EM EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS LISTADAS NA BM&FBOVESPA ENTRE OS ANOS DE 2000 A 2015
Authors: Sponchiado Simone , Martins Vinicius Abilio , Petri Sergio Murilo
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar como se comportam os custos em relação às receitas de vendas nas empresas brasileiras listadas na BM&FBOVESPA entre 2000 a 2015. Por meio de um levantamento, com as 347 empresas listadas na BM&BOVESPA, de caráter descritivo, quantitativo e documental, se utilizou de regressão linear, média e coeficiente de variação para analisar o comportamento dos custos e a teoria dos sticky costs. Os resultados encontrados mostraram que no geral as empresas comprometem 71,26% da receita líquida de vendas (RLV) com o custo dos produtos vendidos (CPV) ao longo dos 16 anos analisados.
The Correlation between Nicotine Dependence Level and Negative Symptom in Schizophrenic Patients at Psychiatric Department of PTPN XI Djatiroto Lumajang Hospital
Authors: Hilmy Nafiys , Mardijana Alif , Rachmawati Dwita Aryadina
Published: February 2019

Smoking behavior is one problem in schizophrenic patients. The prevalence of smoking in schizophrenic patients is reported 2-4 times greater than the normal population. Nicotine can induce the dopamine release so it increase positive symptom and improve negative symptom also cognitive deficits. These effects are an attempt by schizophrenic patients to reduce the side effects of antipsychotic drugs. This causes the need of increased antipsychotic doses. This study aims to determine the correlation between nicotine dependence level andnegative symptom in Schizophrenic Patients at Psychiatric Department, PTPN XI Djatiroto Hospital Lumajang. This is an analytical observational study with cross sectional study design which uses 30 patients with schizophrenia at Psychiatric Department, PTPN XI Djatiroto Hospital Lumajang who met inclusion and  exclusion criteria. Nicotine dependence level and negative symptom were obtained with guided interview based on Fagerström Nicotine Dependence (FTND) questionnaire and score of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) negative subscale. Spearman correlation test result between these variables is p=0,019 and r=0,426 which means there is significant correlation with moderate strength between nicotine dependence level and negative symptom in Schizophrenic patients at Psychiatric Department, PTPN XI Djatiroto Hospital Lumajang.

Keywords: Schizophrenia, Negative Symptom, Nicotine Dependence
Risk Factors of Perinatal Death Age 0-28 Days at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember
Authors: Rachmadiani Ainindya Pasca , Shodikin Muhammad Ali , Komariah Cicih
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Perinatal deaths are babies who die at <28 days of birth. According to WHO, there are 2.7 million perinatal deaths worldwide in 2015. In 2016, the number of infant mortality at Jember is 50.19 per 1000 live births and become the second rank in Jawa Timur after Probolinggo. Infant mortality has been associated by maternal, gestational and neonatal factors. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors of perinatal death age 0-28 days in RSD dr. Soebandi Kabupaten Jember. This research was analytic observasional with case control design doing in RSD dr. Soebandi Kabupaten Jember. The samples were 65 cases and 65 controls. Data analysis was done by Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test with significance value < 0,05. The results showed APGAR Score (p <0.001, OR = 6.51), birth weight (p <0.001, OR = 9.66), body length (p <0.001 OR = 5.07), gestational age (p = 0.002; OR = 2.92), congenital anomalies (p = 0.013; OR = -) and maternal age (p = 0.001; OR = 4.51) were risk factors for perinatal death 0-28 days in RSD dr. Soebandi Kabupaten Jember.

Keywords: perinatal deaths, neonatal factors, maternal factors, gestational factors.
PENGARUH TUNJANGAN KINERJA TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA, DISIPLIN KERJA DAN KINERJA PEGAWAI BALAI PENGELOLAAN DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI DI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Hanifah Yusnia
Published: February 2019

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of performance allowance on motivation, discipline, and employee performance in the Watershed Management Center (BPDAS) in East Java Province. The sample consisted of 83 (eighty three) employees of BPDAS. Data were analyzed using path analysis. Results show that: (1) performance allowance has no significant influence on work motivation, (2) performance allowance has no significant influence on work discipline, (3) performance allowance has a significant negative influence on employee performance, (4) work motivation has no significant influence on employee performance, and (5) work discipline has no significant influence on employee performance. The fact that the existing performance allowance has no influence on motivation, discipline, and employee performance urges the system improvement.

Keywords: Work Allowance, Motivation, Discipline, Performance.
DETERMINAN TINGKAT PENGUNGKAPAN TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SUB SEKTOR MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN DI BEI
Authors: Singgih Marmono , Farida Lilik , Iwanda Risqi Akbar
Published: February 2019

Abstract: The Corporate social responsibility  (CSR) is a program designed to balance the company’s economic profits and its contribution to the economy, social, community, and environment. Food and beverage companies have a high production level that produces waste harmful of the people's lives. Public needs the information to what extent the company runs its CSR activities so the people’s right to live safely and healthily, the employee welfare, and the product safety is met. If the community perceives that the company neglects the social and environmental aspects, has no contribution to the community, and even causes a negative impact,  it will lead to community resistance. Therefore, the disclosure of a company’s CSR activities is crucial. The research population was all manufacturing companies in food and beverages sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012-2015. There were 14 companies registered in 2012-2015 with the number of observations consisted of 56 companies’ annual reports. The sample was taken using purposive sampling method. Results show that profitability, company size, and public ownership have a significant effect on the level of CSR disclosure, while leverage and commissioners have no significant effect on the level of CSR disclosure.

Keywords: CSR, Level of CSR Disclosure.
PENGARUH KONFLIK PERAN DAN KEPUTUSAN ETIS MELALUI STRESS KERJA TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA PEGAWAI WANITA RUMAH SAKIT DAERAH KALISAT KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Januar David
Published: February 2019

Abstract: The government builds Regional Hospital of Kalisat Jember to improve local public health service. This research aims to analyze the direct and indirect effects of role conflict, ethical decision, and work stress on work achievement of the women employees working in the Regional Hospital of Kalisat, Jember. This is a quantitative explanatory research with the sample consists of 71 respondents. Data were analyzed by path analysis using SPSS 18. Results show that role conflict has a positive and significant effect on employee work achievement; ethical decision has no effect on employee work achievement. Meanwhile, role conflict has a positive and significant effect on employee performance through work stress; ethical decision has no effect on employee work achievement through work stress; and work stress has a positive and significant effect on employee work achievement.

Keywords: Role Conflict, Ethical Decision, Work Stress, and Work Achievement.
PENGARUH KECERDASAN INTELEKTUAL, KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL, DAN KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL TERHADAP KINERJA MELALUI KEPUASAN KERJA TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN DI KANTOR PUSAT UNIVERSITAS JEMBER
Authors: Sibasopait Adeharda Boru
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study is to significantly prove the direct influence of intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence on performance, and the indirect influence of intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence on performance through job satisfaction of the educational staffs of University of Jember (UNEJ). This research is an explanatory research with quantitative approach. The sample consists of 154 respondents, i.e., the educational staffs of the head office of UNEJ. This research uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze causal relationship among variables and test the proposed hypothesis. The results of the research show that intellectual intelligence has a positive and significant influence on job satisfaction and performance; emotional intelligence has a positive and significant influence on job satisfaction and performance; spiritual intelligence has a positive and significant influence on job satisfaction and performance; and job satisfaction has a positive and significant influence on performance.

Keywords:     Intellectual Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence, Spiritual Intelligence, Job Satisfaction, and Performance
Aerial Multispectral Imagery for Plant Disease Detection; Radiometric Calibration Necessity Assessment
Authors: Pourazar Hosseinh , Samadzadegan Farhad , Dadrass Javan Farzaneh
Published: February 2019

In recent years, using multispectral cameras on UAVs has provided an opportunity to capture separate bands that offer the extraction of spectral features used for early detection of diseased plants. One of the main steps in disease detection is radiometric calibration that converts digital numbers to reflectance values commonly using white reference panels. This paper focused on the necessity of radiometric calibration to distinguish disease trees in orchards based on aerial multi-spectral images. For this purpose, two study sites with various climate conditions and tree species as well as different disease types were selected where multispectral images were taken using a multirotor UAV. The impact of radiometric correction on plant disease detection was assessed in two ways: 1) comparison of separability between the healthy and diseased classes using T-test and entropy distances; 2) radiometric calibration effect on the accuracy of classification. The experimental result showed the insignificant effect of radiometric calibration on separability criteria. Furthermore, based on T-test and entropy distances criteria, NIR and R spectral features made highest distances between healthy and Greening infected citrus trees, respectively, at the first study site while NDRE and BNDVI spectral features made highest distances between healthy and peach leaf curl infected trees, respectively, at the other study site. In the second strategy, the experimental result showed that radiometric calibration had no effect on the accuracy of classification. As a result, the overall accuracy and kappa values for both un-calibrated and calibrated orthomosaic classifications of the citrus orchard were 96.6% and 0.94%, respectively, using five spectral bands as well as DVI, NDRE, NDVI and GNDVI vegetation indices using a random forest classifier. The experimental results were also similar at the other study site. Therefore, the overall accuracy and kappa values for both the un-calibrated and calibrated orthomosaic classifications were 96.1%, 0.92, respectively, using five spectral bands as well as NDRE, BNDVI, GNDVI, DVI, and NDVI vegetation indices.
Career and Skills Recommendations using Data Mining Technique: Matching Right People for Right Profession, in Pakistani Context
Authors:   Maria Kiran,   Hira Asim,   Malik Tahir Hassan
Published: February 2019

There are a number of recommendation systems available on the internet for the help of jobseekers. These systems only generate job recommendations for people on the basis of input entered by user. The problem observed in Pakistani people is they are not clear in which field they should start or switch working. Before searching and applying for a job, one should be clear about his/her profession and important skills regarding selected profession. Based on above issues, there is a need to design such a system that can overcome the problem of profession selection and skills suggestions so that it can be easy for a jobseeker to apply for a specific job. In this research, the problem which is discussed above is resolved by proposing a model by using Association Rules Mining, a data mining technique. In this model, professions are recommended to job seekers by matching the profile of applicant or job seeker with those persons who have same profile like educational background, professional skills and the type of jobs which they are doing. The data collected for this research itself is a major contribution as we collected it from different sources. We will make this data publically available for others so that they can use for further research.
Requirement Analysis issues in Pakistan Software Industry
Authors:   Huma Chaudhry,   Ayesha Asmat,   Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
Published: February 2019

Requirement Analysis is an important phase in software development. Failure or success of software product depends upon requirement analysis phases. In this paper, a detailed critical analysis was conducted to find out the expected issues behind software project’s failure. It has been found that several issues are associated with this phase such as: customer ambiguity, requirement changing during the project etc. The study was conducted by questionnaires to figure out these issues in the Pakistani software industry.
Early Childhood Obesity Among Underserved Families: A Multilevel Community–Academic Partnership
Authors: Deavenport-Saman Alexis , Piridzhanyan Anet , Solomon Olga , Phillips Zoe , Kuo Tony , Yin Larry
Published: February 2019

A community–academic partnership, based on a social–ecological framework, addressed pediatric obesity by implementing a multilevel intervention for underserved families in Los Angeles, California. Individual- and interpersonal-level outcomes included significant positive changes in preschoolers’ identification of unhealthy foods and in parents’ shopping, cooking, and parenting behaviors. Organizational-, community-, and policy-level outcomes included healthy options at restaurants and a coalition supporting a parental initiative to create healthy checkout aisles in supermarkets. The multilevel intervention demonstrated favorable results using descriptive statistics and the paired-samples t-test.
Food Insecurity Among Formerly Homeless Individuals Living in Permanent Supportive Housing
Authors: Bowen Elizabeth A. , Lahey John , Rhoades Harmony , Henwood Benjamin F.
Published: February 2019

Objectives. To assess the role of health-related factors, health care, nutrition, and socioeconomic factors in food insecurity prevalence in a sample of previously homeless adults living in permanent supportive housing.

Methods. In 2016 to 2017, we recruited and completed survey interviews with permanent supportive housing residents aged 45 years and older in Los Angeles, California (n = 237). We conducted univariable and multivariable analyses to determine the odds and covariates of low or very low food security, according to the US Department of Agriculture’s definition and measure.

Results. Two thirds of residents (67%) reported low or very low food security. In the multivariable analyses, several variables were positively associated with this outcome, including accessing food aid or being late in paying bills. The odds of low or very low food security decreased by 8% for every $100 increase in monthly income.

Conclusions. The prevalence of food insecurity in our sample exceeded rates among similarly aged low-income adults in the general population and adults who are currently homeless. This suggests that food insecurity, along with other indicators of socioeconomic disadvantage, remains a threat to health equity for formerly homeless individuals even after they transition to stable housing.
A Multilevel Intervention With African American Churches to Enhance Adoption of Point-of-Care HIV and Diabetes Testing, 2014–2018
Authors: Wingood Gina M. , Lambert Danielle , Renfro Tiffaney , Ali Mohammed , DiClemente Ralph Joseph
Published: February 2019

We describe a multilevel intervention to enhance adoption of point-of-care HIV and diabetes testing at church health fairs in Atlanta, Georgia. Church leaders viewed a leadership video and subsequently conducted social activities that support testing. After the multilevel intervention, a third of churches hosted HIV and diabetes health fairs, and church leaders engaged in more social activities. Of 193 attendees receiving health services, 56.6% received HIV testing and 92.7% received diabetes testing. This implementation science approach could reduce HIV and diabetes disparities among African Americans.