bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A simple hypochlorous acid signaling probe based on resorufin carbonodithioate and its biological application
Authors: Choi Myung Gil , Lee Yu Jeong , Lee Kang Min , Park Kyoung Yeol , Park Tae Jung , Chang Suk-Kyu
Published: October 2019

A novel HOCl signaling probe based on the oxidative hydrolysis of resorufin carbonodithioate to generate resorufin dye was investigated and applied to cell imaging.
Clickable, acid labile immunosuppressive prodrugs forin vivotargeting
Authors: Wang Hua , Sobral Miguel C. , Snyder Tracy , Brudno Yevgeny , Gorantla Vijay S. , Mooney David J.
Published: October 2019

Clickable immunosuppressive prodrugs enablein vivoreplenishment of drugs in biomaterial depots to maintain long-term immunosuppression in tissue/organ transplantation.
Electric-field assisted nucleation processes of croconic acid films
Authors: Yuan Yifan , Jiang Xuanyuan , Poddar Shashi , Xu Xiaoshan
Published: October 2019

An external electric field can affect the growth dynamics of croconic acid (CA) films, especially the heterogeneous nucleation process, as evidenced by the shift of temperature dependence of the nucleation rate in the electric field.
Conformational isomerizations triggered by vibrational excitation of second stretching overtones
Authors: Nunes Cláudio M. , Reva Igor , Fausto Rui
Published: October 2019

Selective vibrational excitation to 3ν(OH) modes successfully triggers conformational isomerizations, opening the way for controlling transformations not energetically accessible by excitation to first stretching overtones or fundamental modes.
Ultra-low lattice thermal conductivity of monolayer penta-silicene and penta-germanene
Authors: Gao Zhibin , Zhang Zhaofu , Liu Gang , Wang Jian-Sheng
Published: October 2019

We study the lattice thermal conductivity of two-dimensional (2D) pentagonal systems, such as penta-silicene and penta-germanene.
Daily consumption of fruit-flavored yoghurt enriched with vitamins B contributes to lower energy intake and body weight reduction, in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Yanni Amalia E. , Kokkinos Alexander , Psychogiou Georgia , Binou Panagiota , Kartsioti Kleio , Chatzigeorgiou Artemis , Konstantopoulos Panagiotis , Perrea Despina , Tentolouris Nikolaos , Karathanos Vaios T.
Published: October 2019

Fruit-yoghurt enriched with vitamins B promotes body weight reduction and improves vitamin B status and homocysteine levels in T2DM patients.
Surface modification of plasmonic noble metal–metal oxide core–shell nanoparticles
Authors: Talebzadeh Somayeh , Queffélec Clémence , Knight D. Andrew
Published: October 2019

A comprehensive survey on methods for surface modification of noble metal–metal oxide core–shell nanoparticles is presented and highlights various strategies for binding of molecules and molecular ions to core–shell nanoparticles.
Preparation and characterization of a soy protein based bio-adhesive crosslinked by waterborne epoxy resin and polyacrylamide
Authors: Wang Zongtao , Chen Yuan , Chen Shiqing , Chu Fuxiang , Zhang Ran , Wang Yong , Fan Dongbin
Published: October 2019

Waterborne epoxy resin mixed with polyacrylamide crosslinked modified soybean protein adhesive.
Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers (Yuzan): an overview on its botany, traditional use, phytochemistry, quality control and pharmacology
Authors: Yang Li , He Jun-Wei
Published: October 2019

A comprehensive overview on the botany, traditional use, phytochemistry, quality control and pharmacology of H. plantaginea is reported, providing evidence for its further research and clinical applications.
Solution based synthesis of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 microcrystals and thin films
Authors: Latha M. , Aruna-Devi R. , Velumani S. , Murali B. , Santoyo-Salazar J. , de Moure-Flores F.
Published: October 2019

Herein, for the first time, we report the synthesis of quaternary Cu(In,Ga)Se2 microcrystals (CIGSe MCs) using a facile and economical one-pot heating-up method.
Direct biodiesel production from wet spent coffee grounds
Authors: Tarigan Juliati Br. , Ginting Mimpin , Mubarokah Siti Nurul , Sebayang Firman , Karo-karo Justaman , Nguyen Trung T. , Ginting Junedi , Sitepu Eko K.
Published: October 2019

Here, we demonstrate the direct biodiesel production from wet SCG in mild reaction temperature and short reaction time using reactive extraction Soxhlet (RES) method.
Facile synthesis of fluorescent hetero[8]circulene analogues with tunable solubilities and optical properties
Authors: Matsuo Yusuke , Chen Fengkun , Kise Koki , Tanaka Takayuki , Osuka Atsuhiro
Published: October 2019

Highly twisted quasi-aza[8]circulene and planar triazaoxa[8]circulene have been prepared, which exhibited intriguing optical properties.
Large scale three dimensional simulations of hybrid block copolymer/nanoparticle systems
Authors: Diaz Javier , Pinna Marco , Zvelindovsky Andrei V. , Pagonabarraga Ignacio
Published: October 2019

Co-assembly of symmetric block copolymer and a high concentration of neutral nanoparticles leads to elongated block copolymer-rich domains.
Vertically constructed monolithic electrodes for sodium ion batteries: toward low tortuosity and high energy density
Authors: Li Ping , Wang Yanan , Jeong Jong Yeob , Gao Xiaoming , Zhang Kan , Neville Anne , Xu Shusheng , Park Jong Hyeok
Published: October 2019

A vertically aligned architecture for an electrode is constructed through physical vapor deposition which benefits the charge transport kinetics and leads to an ultrahigh volumetric capacity for sodium ion batteries.
Ruthenium pentamethylcyclopentadienyl mesitylene dimer: a sublimable n-dopant and electron buffer layer for efficient n–i–p perovskite solar cells
Authors: Avila Jorge , La-Placa Maria-Grazia , Longhi Elena , Sessolo Michele , Barlow Stephen , Marder Seth R. , Bolink Henk J.
Published: October 2019

We report the use of a sublimable ruthenium dimer as a n-dopant or interlayer to ensure efficient electron extraction in vacuum-deposited perovskite solar cells.
Ultrafine FeS2 nanocrystals/porous nitrogen-doped carbon hybrid nanospheres encapsulated in three-dimensional graphene for simultaneous efficient lithium and sodium ion storage
Authors: Chen Zhonghui , Li Shuo , Zhao Yong , Aly Aboud Mohamed F. , Shakir Imran , Xu Yuxi
Published: October 2019

Exploring advanced electrode materials with simultaneous efficient lithium and sodium ion storage is highly desired but remains a considerable challenge mainly due to the significant difference of lithium and sodium ion sizes.
Redox-responsive tetraphenylethylene-buried crosslinked vesicles for enhanced drug loading and efficient drug delivery monitoring
Authors: Yu Yunlong , Chen Yun , Huang Jingsheng , Wang Liang , Gu Zhongwei , Zhang Shiyong
Published: October 2019

Liposomes have been applied extensively as nanocarriers in the clinic (e.g., to deliver anticancer drugs) due to their biocompatibility and internal cavity structures.
Tuning MoS2 reactivity toward halogenation
Authors: Copetti Gabriela , Nunes Eduardo H. , Feijó Taís O. , Gerling Ester R. F. , Pitthan Eduardo , Soares Gabriel V. , Segala Maximiliano , Radtke Cláudio
Published: October 2019

MoS2 is a material with great potentialities in electronic applications. Tuning its properties by halogenation is a possible route to expand its applicability.
Investigation on voltage loss in organic triplet photovoltaic devices based on Ir complexes
Authors: Jin Yingzhi , Xue Jie , Qiao Juan , Zhang Fengling
Published: October 2019

A higher Voc is achieved in Ir(FOtbpa)3-based devices despite a lower energy charge transfer state compared to Ir(Ftbpa)3-based devices, which is attributed to the reduced radiative and non-radiative recombination.
Electrical transport characteristics of chemically robust PDPP-DTT embedded in a bridged silsesquioxane network
Authors: Shin Jihye , Park Han Wool , Kim Seunghan , Yang Jeehye , Kim Jaehee , Park Hye Won , Kim Do Hwan , Kang Moon Sung
Published: October 2019

Chemically robust films of PDPP-DTT imbedded within a bridged silsesquioxane exhibit superior electrical transport characteristics than what are achieved from neat films of PDPP-DTT.
Surfacial ligand management of a perovskite film for efficient and stable light-emitting diodes
Authors: Shen Wan-Shan , Yuan Shuai , Tian Qi-Sheng , Tao Yi-Chen , Wang Qiang , Liao Liang-Sheng
Published: October 2019

The EQE of green CsPbBr3 PeLEDs increased to 11.1% through the surface ligand management.
A novel reversible fluorescent probe for the highly sensitive detection of nitro and peroxide organic explosives using electrospun BaWO4 nanofibers
Authors: George Gibin , Edwards Caressia S. , Hayes Jacob I. , Yu Lei , Ede Sivasankara Rao , Wen Jianguo , Luo Zhiping
Published: October 2019

Electrospun rare-earth-doped BaWO4 nanofibers as a reversible fluorescent probe for the highly sensitive detection of nitro and peroxide organic explosives. The luminescence of the nanofibers is retained completely as fresh nanofibers upon heating.
Nucleation-controlled growth of superior long oriented CsPbBr3 microrod single crystals for high detectivity photodetectors
Authors: Cheng Xiaohua , Yuan Ye , Jing Lin , Zhou Tianliang , Li Zhengxiao , Peng Zhiwei , Yao Qing , Zhang Jie , Ding Jianxu
Published: October 2019

Excellent optoelectronic performances of [010] orientated super long CsPbBr3 MSCs can be controlled growing through elaborating nucleation and layer-by-layer growth.
A type-II GaSe/GeS heterobilayer with strain enhanced photovoltaic properties and external electric field effects
Authors: Zhou Bin , Gong Shi-Jing , Jiang Kai , Xu Liping , Shang Liyan , Zhang Jinzhong , Hu Zhigao , Chu Junhao
Published: October 2019

A GaSe/GeS heterobilayer with a type-II band alignment and electric field modulated data storage.
Analysis of negative‐R assisted integrators and differentiators
Authors: Ananda Mohan P.V.
Published: October 2019

Exact analysis of recently proposed negative‐R assisted technique for compensating the non‐idealities of opamp‐based lossless and lossy integrators is presented.
Compact Ku‐band LTCC bandpass filter using folded dual‐composite right‐ and left‐handed resonators
Authors: Shen Guangxu , Che Wenquan
Published: October 2019

A compact Ku‐band bandpass filter is proposed by using low‐temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) technology in this Letter. For miniaturisation, the folded dual‐composite right‐ and left‐handed (D‐CRLH) resonator is introduced. By folding the inter‐digital capacitor and microstrip section inductor in multiple metal layers, the circuit size of D‐CRLH resonator can be reduced to one third of the planner one. Furthermore, the additional transmission loss caused by reverse currents is also investigated. To this end, a very compact LTCC filter is designed, fabricated, and measured, with the core circuit size smaller than 0.91 × 0.95 × 0.29 mm3. The minimum insertion loss is 1.95 dB at 13 GHz while with wide stopband suppression from 14.3 to 33.1 GHz.
Experimental demonstration of waveform‐selective metasurface varying wireless communication characteristics at the same frequency band of 2.4 GHz
Authors: Ushikoshi D. , Tanikawa M. , Asano K. , Sanji K. , Ikeda M. , Anzai D. , Wakatsuchi H.
Published: October 2019

The authors report a waveform‐selective metasurface that operates at 2.4 GHz band, i.e. one of ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) bands. This structure gives us an additional degree of freedom to control electromagnetic waves and absorbs a particular waveform or pulse width of an incident wave at the same frequency band, while transmitting others. This unique capability is demonstrated using either ideal sinusoidal waves or Wi‐Fi signals as a more practical waveform in wireless communications. Especially, this Letter shows how the waveform‐selective metasurface interacts with realistic wireless communication signals from the viewpoint of communication characteristics, such as error vector magnitude, bit error rate, and phase error. Thus, the authors’ Letter paves the way for extending the concept of waveform selectivity from a fundamental electromagnetic research field to a more realistic wireless communication field to, for instance mitigate electromagnetic interference occurring at the same frequency band without significantly degrading communication characteristics.
Tail‐biting in optimal CPM detectors
Authors: Lang A. , Lankl B.
Published: October 2019

The maximum a posteriori (MAP) detection of a continuous phase modulation (CPM) signal deploys the Bahl‐Cocke‐Jelinek‐Raviv (BCJR) algorithm that utilises the trellis structure of the CPM signal. For optimal results the start as well as the end state must be known to the MAP detector. While the start state is usually the zero state by convention, the end of the trellis must be terminated properly to yield a defined end state. This leads to an overhead, which size is dependent on the particular CPM parameters. To overcome the decrease of spectral efficiency, a tail‐biting technique is presented and compared to termination and truncation in a fair comparison regarding spectral efficiency.
Pareto optimality in the infinite horizon cooperative difference game
Authors: Lin Yaning
Published: October 2019

This study is concerned with the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of Pareto solutions in the infinite horizon cooperative difference game. Based on the assumption about the Lagrange multipliers, utilising the equivalent characterisation of the Pareto optimality, the necessary conditions for the existence of the Pareto solutions are put forward. Furthermore, two conditions are presented to guarantee that zero does not belong to the Lagrange multiplier set. In addition, it is shown that the necessary conditions are also sufficient under certain convexity assumptions and a transversality condition. Next, the indefinite linear quadratic case is discussed. For a fixed initial state, under the condition of controllability, the necessary conditions are put forward. In addition, the necessary conditions, the convexity condition on the weighted sum cost functional as well as a transversality condition provide the sufficient conditions for a control to be Pareto optimal. For an arbitrary initial state, if the system is stabilisable, then the solvability of the related algebraic Riccati equation provides a sufficient condition under which all Pareto optimal strategies are obtained by the weighted sum minimisation method.
Distributed stochastic MPC for linear systems with probabilistic constraints and quantisation
Authors: Zhao Guanglei , Yang Shida
Published: October 2019

This study investigates the distributed stochastic model predictive control (DSMPC) algorithm design for a class of networked subsystems with stochastic disturbances and coupled probabilistic constraints, differently from the existing work, the network‐induced imperfections such as time‐varying delays and quantisation process are considered. A probabilistic constraint handling strategy and a novel DSMPC implementation algorithm are presented. In addition, according to the probabilistic distribution of the uncertainties, the probabilistic constraints are transformed into a set of determinate constraints. Although the closed‐loop system is affected by the time‐varying delays and quantisation process, the quadratic stability of the closed‐loop system and the feasibility of the optimisation problem can still be guaranteed with the developed algorithm. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
Cost‐effective control strategy for thermostatically controlled loads based on tracking differentiator in smart grid
Authors: Ma Kai , Dong Yaoyao , Liu Shihao , Wang Huaibao , Yang Jie , Zhang Dongli
Published: October 2019

In this study, the thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) are employed to track automatic generation control signal through changing the temperature setpoint offset in smart grid. The costs minimisation problem is formulated for the power company in demand‐side energy management. The costs are caused by the imbalance of supply and demand and consumer discomfort, which achieve a tradeoff by using a weighting coefficient. The forward method and the tracking‐differentiator are applied to achieve the costs optimisation. In the simulation, the root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) and the costs are measured by changing the weighting coefficient. Simulation results demonstrate that the RMSE and the costs of the power company are increased with the weighting coefficient and the tracking error can be reduced. Further, the impact of dividing TCLs into clusters on RMSE and costs is considered. It is shown that the RMSE and the costs are increased with the number of groups.
Non‐redundant frame identification and keyframe selection in DWT‐PCA domain for authentication of video
Authors: Ponni alias Sathya Sethuraman , Ramakrishnan Srinivasan
Published: October 2019

This study is intended to protect video data and watermark from unauthorised access. The proposed methodology accentuates two new algorithms, namely structural similarity index metric–absolute difference metric (SSIM‐AMD) based non‐redundant frame identification (NRFI) and entropy–AMD based keyframe selection (KFS) to reduce the challenges posed by traditional discrete wavelet transform–singular value decomposition. Traditional techniques embed the entire watermark to all existing frames in the video, which is cumbersome and time‐consuming. In this methodology, NRFI algorithm is applied to segregate the redundant and non‐redundant frames to specific database. The KFS algorithm is used to identify suitable keyframes. DWT is applied into keyframes, which decomposes the frames into subbands. The middle band is selected for embedding. The principal component of watermark image block is embedded into identified keyframes in the video. The chaotic map is adapted to reorder the watermark block for improving the authentication level of the watermarking. The ant colony optimization (ACO) technique is adapted to select the suitable scaling factor for watermarking process. The principal component analysis technique is employed for avoiding false‐positive attacks. Experimental results show the proposed methodology can withstand image processing, video processing, false‐positive attacks and produces good results in terms of perceptual quality and robustness.
Resilient decentralised control of inverter‐interfaced distributed energy sources in low‐voltage distribution grids
Authors: Nouri Alireza , Soroudi Alireza , Keane Andrew
Published: October 2019

This study shows that a relation can be found between the voltage at the terminals of an inverter‐interfaced renewable energy source (RES) and its optimal reactive power support. This relationship, known as volt–Var curve (VVC), enables the decentral operation of RES for active voltage management (AVM). Here the decentralised AVM technique is modified to consider the effects of the realistic operational constraints of RES. The AVM technique capitalises on the reactive power support capabilities of inverters to achieve the desired objective in unbalanced active low‐voltage distribution systems (LVDSs). However, as the results show, this AVM technique fails to satisfy the operator's objective when the network structure dynamically changes. By updating the VVCs according to the system configuration and components’ availability, the objective functions will be significantly improved and the AVM method remains resilient against the network changes. To keep the decentralised structure, the impedance identification capability of inverters is used to locally find the system configuration. Adaptive VVCs enable the decentralised control of inverters in an online setting. A real‐life suburban residential LVDS in Dublin, Ireland, is used for showcasing the proposed method, and the effectiveness of the proposed resilient ACM technique is demonstrated.
High‐efficiency buck–boost converter and its control strategy suitable for wide voltage range
Authors: Baolei Dong , Tao Liu , Jun Huang , Yang Jin , Xiao Wang
Published: October 2019

In view of the need of near‐space vehicle energy management system to adapt to wide input and wide output voltage range, this study presents a high‐efficiency buck–boost converter and its control strategy suitable for wide voltage range. In this study, a three‐mode control strategy of buck–boost circuit based on analogy circuit is proposed, which realises the smooth switching between buck–boost converter in boost, buck, and through mode. On this basis, a buck–boost power regulation unit adopting maximum power tracking algorithm control is developed. Based on the realisation of standardisation of buck–boost power conditioning unit, a power regulator is constructed by connecting two standardised units in series to achieve efficient output of power regulator in wide voltage range. In this study, the startup strategy, normal working control strategy, over‐voltage and over‐current protection strategy of series converter are put forward, so as to ensure the normal operation of series converter. The power regulator developed in this study is based on buck–boost topology, its output voltage is 150–300 V, and its power density reaches 2000 W/kg. The power regulator with small size, high power, high voltage, low component stress meets the need for high‐power density and wide voltage range energy managers of near‐spacecraft energy systems.
Testing the paradigm: First spectroscopic evidence of a quasar–galaxy Mpc-scale association at cosmic dawn
Authors: Decarli Roberto , Mignoli Marco , Gilli Roberto , Balmaverde Barbara , Brusa Marcella , Cappelluti Nico , Comastri Andrea , Nanni Riccardo , Peca Alessandro , Pensabene Antonio , Vanzella Eros , Vignali Cristian
Published: October 2019

State-of-the-art models of massive black hole formation postulate that quasars at z >  6 reside in extreme peaks of the cosmic density structure in the early universe. Even so, direct observational evidence of these overdensities is elusive, especially on large scales (≫1 Mpc) as the spectroscopic follow-up of z >  6 galaxies is observationally expensive. Here we present Keck/DEIMOS optical and IRAM/NOEMA millimeter spectroscopy of a z ∼ 6 Lyman-break galaxy candidate originally discovered via broadband selection, at a projected separation of 4.65 physical Mpc (13.94 arcmin) from the luminous z = 6.308 quasar J1030+0524. This well-studied field presents the strongest indication to date of a large-scale overdensity around a z >  6 quasar. The Keck observations suggest a z ∼ 6.3 dropout identification of the galaxy. The NOEMA 1.2 mm spectrum shows a 3.5σ line that, if interpreted as [C II], would place the galaxy at z = 6.318 (i.e., at a line-of-sight separation of 3.9 comoving Mpc assuming that relative proper motion is negligible). The measured [C II] luminosity is 3 × 108 L⊙, in line with expectations for a galaxy with a star formation rate ∼15 M⊙ yr−1, as inferred from the rest-frame UV photometry. Our combined observations place the galaxy at the same redshift as the quasar, thus strengthening the overdensity scenario for this z >  6 quasar. This pilot experiment demonstrates the power of millimeter-wavelength observations in the characterization of the environment of early quasars.
Collecting of finely dispersed particles by means of a separator with the arc-shaped elements
Authors: Dmitriev Andrey V. , Zinurov Vadim E. , Dmitrieva Oksana S.
Published: October 2019

This paper includes the description of a separator, developed by the authors for the gas flow purification from the finely dispersed particles. The authors also studied the influence of the separator dimensions and the dusty gas flow rate on the degree of its purification from the finely dispersed particles, as well as on the change in the hydraulic resistance of this apparatus. This paper also shows that the main forces that make the greatest contribution to the purification of the gas flow from the finely dispersed particles are centrifugal and inertial. Moreover, the dependencies of the purification efficiency on the Stokes numbers are shown in this paper. The authors studied the change in the hydraulic resistance coefficient of this apparatus from the Reynolds numbers as well.
Modeling of a hysteretic deformation response in polycrystalline ferroelastics
Authors: Skaliukh Alexander
Published: October 2019

You In the absence of an electric field a mathematical model describing the ferroelastic response of complete ferroelectrics ferroelastics on action of mechanical stresses is proposed. The modeling is based on the concept of a “ferroelastic” element, similar to the theory of plasticity where used the Saint-Venant element of “dry friction”. The constitutive relations for elastic and residual strains are constructed. The dependence of elastic compliance on the main values of the tensor of residual strains is established. For residual strains, the constitutive relations are obtained in differentials. The obtained constitutive equations can be used in finite element analysis of irreversible processes of deformation of polycrystalline ferroelastics. A number of numerical experiments were performed, which showed good agreement with the experimental data.
LADA – Latenter Autoimmuner Diabetes im Erwachsenenalter
Authors: Hummel Michael , Füchtenbusch Martin
Published: October 2019

Kriterien für die Diagnose eines LADA sind eine Manifestation nach dem 30. Lebensjahr, Nachweis von Insel-Autoantikörpern und die Möglichkeit, mindestens 6 Monate ohne Insulin zu therapieren. Das C-Peptid ist meist niedrig normal bzw. erniedrigt. Die Häufigkeit des LADA bei Patienten mit dem klinischen Phänotyp eines Typ-2-Diabetes liegt bei ca. 10 %. Bei GAD-Antikörper-positivem Befund müssen binnen 6 Jahren 40 % der Patienten im Alter von über 45 Jahren und 70 % der Patienten unter 45 Jahre mit Insulin behandelt werden. Die verfügbare Datenlage erlaubt keine eindeutigen Schlüsse bezüglich der optimalen initialen medikamentösen Therapie des LADA. Sulfonylharnstoffe sind ungünstiger als Insulin. Die Behandlung mit DPP-4-Hemmern scheint bei LADA ähnlich gut wirksam zu sein wie bei Typ-2-Diabetes. Erste Daten zu Dulaglutid sind positiv, sodass auch GLP-1-Analoga eine Therapiealternative sind.
Genetisch bedingter Non-MODY Diabetes mellitus
Authors: Badenhoop Klaus
Published: October 2019

Zunehmend wird deutlich, dass ein Diabetes mellitus auch durch monogenetische Störungen bedingt sein kann. Dies ist zum einen durch die erweiterte Liste von seltenen MODY-Formen (MODY: Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young), aber auch durch andere Gene erklärbar. Diese Übersicht fasst den aktuellen Stand zu erblichen Non-MODY-Diabetesformen sowohl bei Kindern als auch für Diabetesmanifestationen im Erwachsenenalter zusammen. Diese umfassen unter anderem chromosomale Aberrationen, seltene erbliche Störungen der Insulinwirkung und reichen bis zu Diabetes bei zystischer Fibrose, Hämochromatose oder endokrinen Tumoren. Bei den meisten Formen steht die defekte Betazellsekretion im Vordergrund, sodass primär mit Insulin therapiert wird. Im Einzelfall kann empirisch mit anderen Antidiabetika kombiniert werden.
Trend of Cesarean Section Rates and Correlations with Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of Thai Universal Coverage Scheme Data
Authors: Liabsuetrakul Tippawan , Sukmanee Jarawee , Thungthong Jutatip , Lumbiganon Pisake
Published: October 2019

Objectives The main purpose of this article is to estimate the trend and projection of cesarean section rates (CSRs) and explore correlations between CSRs with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes, namely maternal mortality ratios (MMRs), rates of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), neonatal mortality rates (NMRs), and birth asphyxia per 1,000 live births across all regions of Thailand.

Study design A secondary analysis of the hospital-based database of pregnant women and newborns under the Thai Universal Coverage Scheme between January 2009 and December 2017 was conducted.

Results Overall annual CSR significantly increased from 23.2% in 2009 to 32.5% in 2017. With the same rate of increase, the CSR of 59.1% was projected by the year 2030 that could be reduced to 30.0% if an annual rate of CS reduction of 1% was assumed using Joinpoint regression. The increasing CSRs were significantly correlated with higher MMRs (r= 0.20, p = 0.03) and birth asphyxia (r= 0.39, p < 0.001). The correlation trends were similar when the analyses were stratified by year in the majority of years. Overall correlations between CSRs and rates of PPH or NMRs were not statistically significant.

Conclusion CSRs in Thailand continuously increased and were correlated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. More effort at the national level to reduce unnecessary CS is urgently required.
Using EC-STM to obtain an understanding of amino acid adsorption on Au(111)
Authors: Phillips Jesse A. , Boyd K. P. , Baljak I. , Harville L. K. , Iski Erin V.
Published: October 2019

With increasing interest into the origin of life as well as the advancement of medical research using nanostructured architectures, investigations into amino acid assemblies have increased heavily in the field of surface science. Amino acid self/assisted-assembly on metallic surfaces is typically investigated with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy at low temperatures and under ultra-high vacuum in order to maintain a pristine surface and to provide researchers the tools to atomically interrogate the surface. However, in doing so, results often tend to be uncertain when moving to more realistic conditions. The investigation presented focuses on the electrochemical STM study of five simple amino acids as well as two modifications of a single amino acid and the means by which they interact with Au(111). Using EC-STM under in situ conditions, the amino acids were shown to have a considerable interaction with the underlying surface. In all cases, the amino acids trapped diffusing adatoms to form islands. These findings have also been observed under UHV conditions, but this is the first demonstration of the correlation in situ. Results indicate that an increase in the molecular footprint of the amino acid had a subsequent increase in the area of the islands formed. Furthermore, by shifting from a nonpolar to polar side chain, island area also increased. By analyzing the results gathered via EC-STM, fundamental insight can be gained into not only the behavior of amino acids with the underlying surface, but also into the direct comparison of LT-UHV-STM data with imaging performed under ambient conditions.
The importance of better models in stochastic optimization
Authors: Asi Hilal , Duchi John C.
Published: October 2019

Standard stochastic optimization methods are brittle, sensitive to stepsize choice and other algorithmic parameters, and they exhibit instability outside of well-behaved families of objectives. To address these challenges, we investigate models for stochastic optimization and learning problems that exhibit better robustness to problem families and algorithmic parameters. With appropriately accurate models—which we call the
aprox
family—stochastic methods can be made stable, provably convergent, and asymptotically optimal; even modeling that the objective is nonnegative is sufficient for this stability. We extend these results beyond convexity to weakly convex objectives, which include compositions of convex losses with smooth functions common in modern machine learning. We highlight the importance of robustness and accurate modeling with experimental evaluation of convergence time and algorithm sensitivity.
Segregation behavior and embrittling effect of lanthanide La, Ce, Pr, and Nd at Σ3(111) tilt symmetric grain boundary in α-Fe*
Authors: Cao Jinli , Yang Wen , He Xinfu
Published: October 2019

The migration of lanthanide fission products to cladding materials is recognized as one of the key causes of fuel–cladding chemical interaction (FCCI) in metallic fuels during operation. We have performed first-principles density functional theory calculations to investigate the segregation behavior of lanthanide fission products (La, Ce, Pr, and Nd) and their effects on the intergranular embrittlement at Σ3(111) tilt symmetric grain boundary (GB) in α-Fe. It is found that La and Ce atoms tend to reside at the first layer near the GB with segregation energies of −2.55 eV and −1.60 eV, respectively, while Pr and Nd atoms prefer to the core mirror plane of the GB with respective segregation energies of −1.41 eV and −1.50 eV. Our calculations also show that La, Ce, Pr, and Nd atoms all act as strong embrittlers with positive strengthening energies of 2.05 eV, 1.52 eV, 1.50 eV, and 1.64 eV, respectively, when located at their most stable sites. The embrittlement capability of four lanthanide elements can be determined by the atomic size and their magnetism characters. The present calculations are helpful for understanding the behavior of fission products La, Ce, Pr, and Nd in α-Fe.
Data Reduction Using Lossy Compression for Cosmology and Astrophysics Workflows
Authors: Pulido Jesus , Lukic Zarija , Thorman Paul , Zheng Caixia , Ahrens James , Hamann Bernd
Published: October 2019

This paper concerns the use of compression methods applied to large scientific data. Specifically the paper addresses the effect of lossy compression on approximation error. Computer simulations, experiments and imaging technologies generate terabyte-scale datasets making necessary new approaches for compression coupled with data analysis. Lossless compression techniques compress data with no loss of information, but they generally do not produce a large-enough reduction when compared to lossy compression methods. Lossy multi-resolution compression techniques make it possible to compress large datasets significantly with small numerical error, preserving coherent features and statistical properties needed for analysis. Lossy data compression reduces I/O data transfer cost and makes it possible to store more data at higher temporal resolution. We present results obtained with lossy multi-resolution compression, with a focus on astrophysics datasets. Our results confirm that lossy data compression is capable of preserving data characteristics very well, even at extremely high degrees of compression.
A regression-based model evaluation of the Curie temperature of transition-metal rare-earth compounds
Authors: Nguyen Duong-Nguyen , Pham Tien-Lam , Nguyen Viet-Cuong , Nguyen Anh-Tuan , Kino Hiori , Miyake Takashi , Dam Hieu-Chi
Published: October 2019

The Curie temperature (T
C) of RT binary compounds consisting of 3d transition-metal (T ) and 4f rare-earth elements (R) is analyzed systematically by a developed machine learning technique called kernel regression-based model evaluation. Twenty-one descriptive variables were designed assuming completely obtained information of the T
C. Multiple kernel regression analyses with different kernel types: cosine, linear, Gaussian, polynomial, and Laplacian kernels were implemented and examined. All possible descriptive variable combinations were generated to construct the corresponding prediction models. As a result, by appropriate combinations between descriptive variable sets and kernel formulations, we demonstrate that a number of kernel regression models can accurately reproduce the T
C of the RT compounds. The relevance of descriptive variables for predicting T
C are systematically investigated. The results indicate that the rare-earth concentration is the most relevant variable in the T
C phenomenon. We demonstrate that the regression-based model selection technique can be applied to learn the relationship between the descriptive variables and the actuation mechanism of the corresponding physical phenomenon, i.e., T
C in the present case.
I-V Characteristics of In-Plate Graphene Nanoribbon/h-BN Heterojunctions and Resonant Tunneling
Authors: Tomiya Mitsuyoshi , Sakamoto Shoichi , Wakai Taiga
Published: October 2019

We present here the first principle calculations of the electrical properties of in-plate heterojunctions of armchair graphene nanoribbon/h-BN(AGNR/h-BN)s. The calculations are carried out using SIESTA package, which is comprised of numerical codes of the density functional theory(DFT) and the non-equilibrium Green’s function(NEGF). Especially, adopting the conductive (3n-1)-family of AGNR((3n-1)-AGNR) makes the lead parts on both side of the model metallic. Two transverse arrays of h-BN, which is a wide-gap semiconductor, are embedded in the middle of (3n-1)-AGNR and act as a double barrier system.

The quantum double barrier tunneling is found in the transmission functions(TF) and I-V characteristics of 8, 11, 14-AGNR/h-BN. The TF shows significantly spiky peaks in the neighborhood of the Fermi energy, and consequently, it results in step-sise I-V characteristics. Simple one-dimensional Dirac equation model for the double barrier system is also proposed to analyze numerical results. Our model reproduces most of the peaks of the transmission functions nearby the Fermi energy, as a result of quantum tunneling.
A new formulation of heat dissipation in a rocking Büttiker-Landauer ratchet model
Authors: Mazzitello Karina I , Iguain José L , Jiang Yi , Family Fereydoon , Miguel Arizmendi C
Published: October 2019

Thermal ratchets achieve net particle transport through recti cation of thermal uctuations, which arise from one or more heat baths in the system. We propose a new formulation of heat dissipation from the ratchet to the thermal baths, using a rocking Büttiker-Landauer ratchet model. We found that heat transport between the ratchet and the heat baths is related to the effective temperature through the generalization of the uctuation-dissipation theorem for systems far from equilibrium. We showed that the net heat transport between the ratchet and the heat baths is different from Fourier’s law and is the sum of two terms which are proportional to the nth power of the difference between the effective temperature of ratchet and the temperature of the baths. The power n depends only on the temperature of the bath, while the thermal conductivity also depends on the ratchet potential. These ndings suggest that anomalous heat dissipation can be a non-equilibrium measure for systems far from equilibrium.
Two-dimensional solitary wave solution to the quadratic-cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Phibanchon Sarun , Rattanachai Yuttakarn
Published: October 2019

The Madelung fluid transformation is applied to find the link between the modified Korteweg-de Vries and the quadratic-cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The two-dimensional solitary wave solution of the quadratic-cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation will be determined by the Petviashvili method. This solution will be used for the initial condition for the time evolution to study the stability analysis. The spectral method is applied for the time evolution.
Phase diagram of six-state clock model on rewired square lattices
Authors: Surungan Tasrief
Published: October 2019

The six-state clock model (SSCM) on rewired square lattice is studied using Monte Carlo simulation with Wang-Landau algorithm. This is a discrete counterpart of the well-known XY model, the native host of a unique topological phase transition called Kosterlitz-Tholess (KT) transition. The model has two KT transitions, i.e., at temperature T
1 and T
2, where T
1 < T
2. The first transition separates the lower temperature magnetic order and the quasi-long range order (QLRO) also known as KT phase; while the second transition separates the QLRO and the higher temperature paramagnetic phase. It has been established that the presence of KT phase is affected by the presence of randomness in the form of site and bond dilution. This intermediate phase is totally ruled out if bonds or sites of the lattice are no longer percolated. Here different type of randomness is probed, namely the rewired lattices, obtained by randomly adding one extra bond to each lattice site, and connect the site to one of its next-nearest neighbors. As a results, the average number of neighbors C increases. The increase of C affects the existence of KT phase. For each value of C, the KT temperatures, T
1 and T
2, were estimated from the plot of specific heats. Variation of KT temperatures for different values of C is observed, which is plotted with respect to each corresponding C to obtain the system phase diagram.
Impact of New Conformal Coupling on Spontaneous Scalarization of Neutron Stars
Authors: Fauzi M. I. , Ramadhan H.S. , Sulaksono A.
Published: October 2019

The scalar-tensor gravity as one of the alternative theories of general relativity has some interesting features. In the case of compact objects it predicts a unique phenomenon which is known as spontaneous scalarization, as shown by Damour and Espasito-Farese [1]. This phenomenon does not appear within the general relativity. In this note, we investigate a new conformal coupling function i.e., A(φ) = 1 − ln[1 − 0.5β(φ − φ
0)2] and its consequences in neutron stars. In the case of a polytropic equation of state, we have found that the spontaneous scalarization starts to appear when βc
≈ −4.35. We also found that for the realistic equation of states the βc
depends on the composition and the stiffness of the equation of state.
Background Dependence of Pole Position in Kaon Photoproduction
Authors: Clymton S. , Mart T.
Published: October 2019

Pole position has become a new important parameter to describe the properties of nucleon resonance. Compared to the Breit-Wigner parameters, the pole position is less model dependent. The shape of resonance based on our previous formalism is strongly affected by the hadronic form factors. We study the effect of different background parameters on the extracted pole position. We have also used different hadronic form factors to see the effect on the background dependence of pole position. We obtained the necessary parameters by fitting to about 9000 experimental data points. We expect to find appropriate hadronic form factors that lead to the background independence. Therefore, this study will shed a light on the choice of the appropriate hadronic form factors.
A vision for improving global flood forecasting
Authors: Lavers David A , Harrigan Shaun , Andersson Erik , Richardson David S , Prudhomme Christel , Pappenberger Florian
Published: October 2019

Global hydrological forecasts are now produced operationally on a daily basis. However, the lack of global river discharge observations precludes routine flood forecast evaluation, an essential step in providing more skilful and reliable forecasts. A vision is expounded for greater and more timely exchange of global river discharge observations, which would result in improved flood awareness and socioeconomic benefits in some of the World’s most vulnerable countries.
Technological investigation of binderless nanocrystalline cubic boron nitride (BNNC) as cutting material for groove turning of hardened steels
Authors: Hänel A , Hasterok M , Nestler A , Schwarz M , Brosius A , Kroke E
Published: October 2019

By using a high-pressure/high-temperature process (HP/HT), it is possible to synthesise new ultra-hard cutting materials called binderless nanocrystalline cubic boron nitride (BNNC). The starting material is a pyrolytically deposited hexagonal boron nitride (pBN), which is converted at temperatures of 1400 °C – 2200 °C and pressures of 10 - 20 GPa in a direct synthesis without any binding material. The average crystallite size of this material is 50 - 100 nm and is thus significantly smaller than conventional polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) cutting materials. Compared to conventional PCBN cutting materials, this material has an increased hardness, hot hardness and better temperature resistance. This provides an excellent alternative to extend the process limits for the machining of hardened steels and superalloys. In this conference paper, the first technological results for groove turning in hardened steels with this new promising cutting material will be presented.
Investigation the influence of surface topography on scattering ability of aluminium reflectors from infrared quartz heater
Authors: Slavov S D , Dimitrov D M , Zlateva P N
Published: October 2019

Infrared (IR) heaters are used in many industries where heat treatment is required as well as in household appliances. One of the main problems with this type of equipment is non-uniform temperature field in the heating area, which results in a different degree of heating of the heated objects. In order to achieve greater uniformity of the temperature, some approaches are explored in practice, such as using embossed reflectors, mounting two or more heaters side-by-side, using emitter lamps with power controller devices, formation of gold or silver coatings, etc. The drawbacks of these approaches are complicating the design of the IR heaters, reducing the dimensions of heating area, increasing energy consumption, etc. Among the above-mentioned methods, the creation of a specific reflector surface topography is easily attainable and inexpensive technological approach. The main task of the present study is to investigate experimentally the influence of the specific patterns, obtained by ball burnishing process on scattering ability of the aluminium reflectors from infrared quartz heater.
Research in order to decrease the time manufacturing unit using the combined tools
Authors: Indre CI , Blaga FS , Miculaș C , Negrau DC
Published: October 2019

The work presents the results of the experimental research carried out with the purpose of increasing the productivity of the machining process in the case of a part of the automotive industry. Thus, increasing of volume the parts ordered by the beneficiary, researches have been done for the replacement of simple cutting tools (standards cutting tools) with special cutting tools (combined tools). The use of the combined cutting tools to optimize the productivity of fabrication permitted decrease operative time by reducing the time to change the tools and the machining time. The use of the combined tools allowed machining multiple surfaces. In these circumstances, it was found an improvement in both productivity and quality of the products obtained in the manufacturing process.
Main aspects of establishing the machining parameters of the railway wheelset’s rolling surfaces
Authors: Ghionea I G , Ghionea A L , Predincea N , Balazs E
Published: October 2019

In the rolling subsystem of the railway vehicles, the wheelset is the main component. This is subject to large and variable loads and to a continuous wear-off process. The wheels’ rolling surfaces of the wheelset are processed on specialized lathes under precision conditions (profile, roughness) defined by specific rules. The geometric elements defining the tread profile are rigorously defined in norms and standards, which implies specific precision conditions. Profiling and re-profiling are performed by simultaneously turning both wheels of the wheelset. The technological parameters are determined considering the material to be machined, the material of the cutting tool (recommended by the catalogues), the quality and the roughness of the processed surfaces, the rigidity of the lathe, the power and torque of the electric motors used or driving the generating kinematic chains (main, feed). Also, the status and dimensions of the machining allowance, number of passes and the type of NC port-program used, are very important. In the paper are presented as examples some geometrical characteristics of the wheels and wheelset and are recommended values of the technological parameters, which are set numerically or experimentally. Based on these, values of speed, forces, moments and cutting power could be calculated.