bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adsorption Mechanism and Electrochemical Characteristic of Methyl Blue onto Calcium Ferrite Nanosheets
Authors: Zhang Shaoshuai , Xu Shuping , Ni Yun , Zhu Ziye , Ling Chen , Liu Ruijiang
Published: September 2022

A rapid combustion process was applied to prepare CaFe2O4 nanomaterials using CaBr2·xH2O and Fe(NO3)3·9H2O as raw materials and CaFe2O4 nanomaterials were characterized by SEM, TEM, VSM, XRD, and FTIR techniques. The results showed that the prepared nanomaterials had a sheet-like structure, and for larger adsorption capacity of dyes, CaFe2O4 nanosheets prepared at 700°C for 2 h with average grain size was 93.3 nm, a thickness of 8.4 nm, and the saturation magnetization of 8.15 emu/g were employed as adsorbate for the removal of methyl blue (MB). The adsorption performance of MB onto CaFe2O4 nanosheets was investigated; CaFe2O4 nanosheets displayed favorable adsorption capacity, and the adsorption conformed to the pseudo-second-order model and the Freundlich model, which demonstrated that the adsorption process of MB on CaFe2O4 nanosheets belonged to multilayer chemisorption process. When the pH value reached 3, the adsorption capacity of MB by CaFe2O4 nanosheets kept maximum value of 478.07 mg/g; and after 5 regenerations, the removal efficiency of MB was reduced to 59.06% of the first time. The electrochemical behavior of MB onto the nanosheets was evaluated through CV in conjunction with EIS. The CaFe2O4 nanosheets revealed a promising prospect for the adsorption of dyes.
Analysis of Language Characteristics of Multimedia English Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Zhu Yu
Published: September 2022

The emergence of the Internet of Things is the inevitable trend of the development of science and technology. There are great differences between Multimedia English based on the Internet of Things and conventional English. Only by deeply analyzing it in combination with the language characteristics of Multimedia English can Multimedia English based on the Internet of Things play its due role. This paper analyzes the language characteristics of Multimedia English under the Internet of Things and finds that from the perspective of vocabulary, the pure professional vocabulary in Multimedia English accounts for 25% of all English vocabulary, and the pure professional vocabulary and semiprofessional vocabulary account for 58% of the total vocabulary. This represents that Multimedia English has an extremely obvious professionalism, so we need to focus on the meaning of professional and semiprofessional words when using English; otherwise, it is easy to affect the actual use effect of Multimedia English with the Internet of Things as the core because of the polysemy of one word.
Empirical Analysis of Customer Risk and Corporate Financing Constraints Based on Supply Chain Networks
Authors: Bao Qun , Wang Ju-Ying , Xie Rui , Cai Zheng-Qun
Published: September 2022

A supply chain’s risk spillover effect will affect the customer’s risk on the financing constraints of suppliers. This paper builds on the evaluation of customer risk by fuzzy mathematics, combines with the A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2007 to 2019 as a study sample, and empirically inspects the influence of customer risk on the level of corporate financing constraints. According to the study, it shows that the customer risk is currently at a moderate level, which will notably impair the supplier’s external financing ability. This phenomenon is more remarkable when the monetary policy is tightened with fierce competition in the industry. This paper unveils the economic consequences of customer risk spillovers from a supply chain, enriches the study of the generation mechanism of corporate financing constraints, and provides investors and regulators with empirical evidence to appreciate corporate financing constraints.
Serological Evidence of Hepatitis B and E and Dengue Coinfection in Chadian Patients and Impact on Lipidemia Profile
Authors: Djasrabe Alexandre Kanga , Tietcheu Galani Borris Rosnay , Ali Moussa Mahamat , Yandai Fissou Henry , Nadlaou Bessimbaye , Habkreo Mayann , Njintang Nicolas Yanou
Published: September 2022

Objective. Viral hepatitis is an endemic disease in Chad. However, few studies have documented coinfection cases and their impact on cardiovascular risk. This study is aimed at analyzing hepatitis B, E and dengue coinfection in a Chadian cohort and gauge its effect on lipidemia. Patients and Methods. From February to May 2021, 179 subjects were recruited from the Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine of the National Reference University Hospital of N’Djamena and tested for viral hepatitis markers, including HBsAg and IgM/IgG anti-HEV and dengue infection, using the NS1/IgM/IgG kit. Serum transaminases and biomarkers of lipid profiles were assayed by colorimetry, and atherogenic indexes (AI) and coronary risk (CRI) were calculated. Results. Of the 179 subjects surveyed, 21.22% (38/179) tested positive for hepatitis B, 20% (27/135) for hepatitis E, and 1.66% (2/120) for dengue. However, most of the patients were found to be asymptomatic. Hepatitis B/E coinfection was more frequent in the study population (5.02%; 9/179) than dengue/hepatitis E coinfection (0.83%; 1/120; IgM). The prevalence of anti-HEV IgG antibodies was higher (18.52%) than that of IgM (1.48%). Furthermore, IgG antibodies levels in HEV-monoinfected subjects (

11.05
±
1.93

 IU/mL,

N
=
15

) were significantly higher (

p
<
0.05

) than in coinfected patients (

5.40
±
1.31

 IU/mL,

N
=
9

). Subjects coinfected with HEV/HBV were associated with a significantly higher risk of lipodystrophy (coronary risk: 88.89% vs. 35.3%,

relative
 
risk
 

RR

=
2.55

;

p
=
0.014

), than HEV-monoinfected subjects, as evidenced by higher mean levels of triglycerides levels (

219.88
±
14.67

 mg/dL vs.

191.82
±
4.66

 mg/dL,

p
<
0.05

), more reduced HDL-C levels (

9.05
±
1.62

 mg/dL vs.

18.93
±
2.35

 mg/dL,

p
<
0.05

), increased mean CRI (

13.81
±
2.39

vs.

6.89
±
1.93

,

p
<
0.01

), and AI (

1.46
±
0.10

vs.

1.05
±
0.05

,

p
<
0.01

) values. However, they had normal transaminase values and a lower risk of developing a liver injury, although not significant (alanine aminotransferase: 0% vs. 29.4%,

RR
=
1

,

p
=
0.128

; aspartate aminotransferase: 0% vs. 5.88%,

p
=
1

) than this group. Conclusion. HBV/HEV coinfection is frequent in the Chadian cohort and associated with an important risk of dyslipidemia. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanism of action.
The Modeling of Comprehensive Evaluation System of College Teachers’ Professional Quality Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Yang Xiaoying
Published: September 2022

As a significant part of national education, the quality and ability of college teachers determine the level and height of the connotation growth of higher education in China. With the advent of the 21st century, society has entered a new stage of rapid development of knowledge economy. Promoting the coordinated and sustainable development of human and natural society has become an important topic of social research. The great rejuvenation of the nation and the progress of society all show the demand for high-quality talents. As an important base for cultivating high-quality talents, colleges and universities must shoulder the mission entrusted by the state. The cultivation of high-quality talents requires not only scientific educational guiding ideology but also a set of student comprehensive quality evaluation index system to evaluate students’ comprehensive quality. Colleges and universities must reform the comprehensive evaluation system of teachers’ quality, clarify the objectives of the comprehensive evaluation of teachers’ quality, reasonably set the evaluation content, use the correct evaluation means, mobilize the enthusiasm of teachers, promote the construction of teachers’ team, and improve the competitiveness of colleges and universities according to the laws of education and teaching and the professional characteristics of teachers. This paper adopts the method of deep learning to evaluate the comprehensive quality of teachers, and the corresponding complete evaluation system of teachers’ comprehensive quality is gradually formed. Judging from the actual situation of the reasonable evaluation of college teachers, the evaluation of teachers’ psychological quality, teaching curriculum quality, and ideological and moral quality with the help of this system can provide a good guarantee for the continuous optimization and improvement of teachers. At the same time, it can play an important and positive role in the continuous improvement of teachers and the innovation and development of classroom teaching. Based on this, it is necessary to discuss the construction of the comprehensive quality evaluation system of college teachers.
Related-Key Differential Attacks on Reduced-Round LBlock
Authors: Weng Tianling , Cui Tingting , Yang Ting , Guo Yinghua
Published: September 2022

LBlock, as one of the typical lightweight encryption schemes, is a 32-round block cipher with 64 bit block and 80 bit master key. It can be widely applied in the IoT environment because of its friendly software and hardware implementations. Since it came out, it has encountered many attacks. In this paper, we evaluate LBlock’s ability against related-key differential attack more accurately based on SMT method. On the one hand, we propose tighter lower bounds on the minimal number of active S-boxes for up to 19 rounds of LBlock, which are 8 more rounds than previous ones. Then, we propose the upper bounds of total probabilities for up to 19 rounds of LBlock for the first time. On the other hand, with a suitable 17-round related-key differential distinguisher, we propose attacks on 22- and 23-round LBlock. Each of these attacks has lower time complexity and data complexity than previous ones for the same rounds of LBlock.
Collaborative Control and Optimization Mechanism of Thermal Management of New Energy Vehicles
Authors: Huang Jin
Published: September 2022

Global issues such as global warming, rising sea level, melting Arctic and Antarctic glaciers, deterioration of the natural environment, and depletion of fossil energy have attracted increasing attention. As the concept of environmental protection has become increasingly popular, the concept of new energy automobiles has been proposed to keep the heat up. Especially in recent years, with the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection, and low noise, new energy automobiles have changed from concept to industry and have been generally accepted and recognized by consumers in the consumer market. The increasingly stringent energy crisis and emission regulations have put forward more stringent requirements for modern automobiles. The thermal management of the new generation of intelligent automobiles is not only limited to simply solving the problem of engine heat dissipation but also involves reliability, power, economy, emissions, and comfort. It is an important vehicle development technology with many performances such as performance. The integrated thermal management of new energy vehicles includes engine cooling, oil cooling, air conditioning refrigeration, HVAC heating, supercharged intercooling, low cycle thermal fatigue, and thermal damage. For new energy vehicles such as hybrid and pure electric vehicles, it also includes motor cooling, motor controller cooling, and power battery temperature control. For the purpose of vehicle thermal management optimization design, this paper innovatively proposes IVTM technical solutions, relying on multidimensional numerical calculation coupling and multiobjective collaborative optimization control to integrate system design, scheme evaluation, performance analysis, dynamic control, and collaborative optimization. Through the integrated thermal management collaborative control strategy based on the full operating conditions of the new energy vehicle, the comprehensive improvement of multiple evaluation indicators such as system design performance, thermal management, and control performance and economy is achieved.
Optimization of Rolling Schedule for Single-Stand Reversible Cold Rolling Mill Based on Multiobjective Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Yang Zhe , Liu Ding , Zhang Xinyu , Huang Weichao , Zheng Gang
Published: September 2022

The single-stand reversible cold rolling mill is important equipment in the production of steel strips. The rolling schedule is the core technological content in the strip production of the single-stand reversible cold rolling mill. The scientific rolling schedule is the fundamental guarantee for the production capacity of the rolling mill, product quality, accuracy, shape quality, energy saving, and consumption reduction. This paper takes the dynamic rolling process of single-stand cold rolling as the research object, the purposes of increasing production capacity, saving energy, and reducing consumption are achieved by optimizing the rolling schedule. Based on the study of the mechanism model and the analysis of a large number of field measured data, a slice of mathematical models of the rolling process suitable for engineering calculation are proposed, and a few objective functions suitable for the single-stand reversible cold rolling process are designed. On this basis, the artificial fish swarm algorithm is improved into a multiobjective optimization algorithm for the optimization of rolling schedule, and the optimal rolling load distribution scheme is obtained. Finally, the optimization method of rolling schedule proposed in this paper is applied to the actual rolling production. The results show that the proposed method can improve productivity and save energy compared with the empirical rolling schedule, and the feasibility and validity of the proposed algorithm are verified.
Generalized
β
−
Hyers–Ulam–Rassias Stability of Impulsive Difference Equations
Authors: Almalki Yahya , Rahmat Gul , Ullah Atta , Shehryar Fatima , Numan Muhammad , Ali Muhammad Usman
Published: September 2022

This paper describes the existence and uniqueness of the solution,

β

-Hyers–Ulam–Rassias stability and generalized

β

-Hyers–Ulam–Rassias stability of an impulsive difference system on bounded and unbounded discrete intervals. At the end, an example is given to illustrate the theoretical result.
Sponge City Planning and Information System Development Based on Geographic Information Fuzzy Processing
Authors: Gan Mingxin , Li Tongfang
Published: September 2022

During the development of the urban water system from 1.0 to 3.0, the impervious surface area gradually increased, hindering the natural infiltration and self-purification process of urban rainwater, resulting in serious urban water pollution, urban waterlogging in the rainy season, and groundwater problems. Since water will seep into the ground, serious water pollution will cause damage to the ground. Therefore, in dealing with urban rainwater problems, we want to use the sponge’s ability to absorb and store water to build our cities into sponge cities. In this paper, we have constructed a sponge city planning and information system development based on geographic information fuzzy processing. We use differentiated fuzzy processing methods to eliminate classified information to achieve a perfect combination with nearby images and use ordinary fuzzy processing methods to solve the problem of nonconfidential information. This paper discusses the impact of natural topography on the planning and construction of sponge cities, including whether natural topography will affect rainwater, whether it will affect the distribution of different strata, and whether it will affect the utilization of groundwater resources. The basic functions of this platform are provided by a series of functions of GIS, and multiple modules are developed according to management requirements. The initial state of street view data is a lot of fisheye lens photos and corresponding point location information, which are displayed online after data preprocessing, detection information, editing information, and blurring processing.
Geographical Inequality on Cataract Surgery Uptake in 200,000 Australians: Findings from the “45 and Up Study”
Authors: Xiao Guobei , Zhu Zhuoting , Xiao Xin , Tan Zachary , Cao Ke , Shang Xianwen , Brown Karl D. , Huang Guofu , Zhang Lei , He Mingguang
Published: September 2022

Using a geographical information system (GIS), we investigated the spatiotemporal evolution of a cataract surgery service and its association with socioeconomic factors and private insurance, based on 10-year real-world medical claim data in an Australian population. The data collected cover a decade (2007–2016) from the “45 and Up Study”. A total of 234,201 participants within the cataract surgery service were grouped into 88 Statistical Area Level 3 (SA3s) according to their residential postcodes in New South Wales Australia. We analyzed the spatiotemporal variations and geographical distribution inequality in cataract surgery incidence and its respect to socioeconomic status (SES) and private health insurance coverage by Spearman correlation analysis and Moran’s I test. Then these variations were intuitive displayed by six-quartile maps and a local indicator of spatial association (LISA) maps based on GIS. The average cumulative age-gender-standardized of the incidence of cataract surgery (ICS) was 8.85% (95% CI, 5.33–15.6). Spatial variation was significant (univariate Moran’s I = 0.45,

P

 = 0.001) with incidence gradually decreasing from the coastal regions to the north-western inland regions, suggesting inequality in the cataract surgery service across the state of New South Wales. Notably, clustering of the low incidence areas had gradually disappeared over the decade, suggesting that the cataract surgery service has improved over time. Low scores on the “index of socioeconomic disadvantages” (IRSD) and high private health insurance coverage were significantly associated with a higher incidence of cataract surgery (bivariate Moran’s I = −0.13 and 0.23,

P

 < 0.01; Spearman correlation r = 0.25 and −0.25,

P

 = 0.02), which is displayed on the map visually and obviously. Spatiotemporal variations in the incidence of cataract surgery are significant, but the low incidence area had gradually disappeared over time. High socioeconomic status and private insurance contribute to a higher incidence of cataract surgery in Australia.
Recurrent Neural-Linear Posterior Sampling for Nonstationary Contextual Bandits
Authors: Ramesh Aditya , Rauber Paulo , Conserva Michelangelo , Schmidhuber Jürgen
Published: September 2022

An agent in a nonstationary contextual bandit problem should balance between exploration and the exploitation of (periodic or structured) patterns present in its previous experiences. Handcrafting an appropriate historical context is an attractive alternative to transform a nonstationary problem into a stationary problem that can be solved efficiently. However, even a carefully designed historical context may introduce spurious relationships or lack a convenient representation of crucial information. In order to address these issues, we propose an approach that learns to represent the relevant context for a decision based solely on the raw history of interactions between the agent and the environment. This approach relies on a combination of features extracted by recurrent neural networks with a contextual linear bandit algorithm based on posterior sampling. Our experiments on a diverse selection of contextual and noncontextual nonstationary problems show that our recurrent approach consistently outperforms its feedforward counterpart, which requires handcrafted historical contexts, while being more widely applicable than conventional nonstationary bandit algorithms. Although it is very difficult to provide theoretical performance guarantees for our new approach, we also prove a novel regret bound for linear posterior sampling with measurement error that may serve as a foundation for future theoretical work.
Christ est-il appelé Dieu en Romains 9:5 ?
Authors: Marschall Priscille
Published: September 2022

When working on Rom 9:5, exegetes face a crucial punctuation issue. The challenge consists in determining whether the expression ὁ ὢν ἐπὶ πάντων θεὸς εὐλογητὸς εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας (9:5b) should be read as an independent clause, or, rather, as a relative clause attached with ὁ Χριστὸς τὸ κατὰ σάρκα (9:5a). According to the first option, Paul merely concludes his development with a doxology to God the Father. Following the second line, however, the apostle would make a Christological claim by asserting that Christ is God. The stakes are high since Paul nowhere else in his letters makes a clear claim that Christ is God. This article aims to reconsider this famous crux interpretum in light of ancient colometry, taking into account the principles of colometric structuration described in Greek and Latin rhetorical treatises. Specifically, the author argues that the combined presence of the three so-called Gorgianic figures (parisosis, paromoiosis, and antithesis) supports the case of light punctuation (a comma) between v. 5a and v. 5b, which in turn suggests reading v. 5b as a relative clause that qualifies Christ.
Byzantine Bethsaida and the House of St. Peter
Authors: Notley R. Steven
Published: September 2022

The recent discovery of a 6th century basilica at el-A‘raj (Bethsaida) on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee has challenged our understanding of Byzantine traditions about Simon Peter. This study examines the corre-spondence between the archaeological finds and the description of Byzan-tine Bethsaida in the historical sources. Christian tradition consistently voiced that Peter’s home was in Bethsaida and was memorialized with a basilica. The archaeological finds at el-A‘raj accord with this tradition, but they also present a challenge to the innovation of Orfali in 1921 that the octagonal church in Capernaum was built over Peter’s house.
The biochemical changes in two moderately resistant and highly susceptible tomato cultivars at the later stages of Meloidogyne javanica infection
Authors: Asadi-sardari Ameneh , Mahdikhani-Moghadam Esmat , Zaki-Aghl Mohammad
Published: September 2022

The most effective method of managing root-knot nematodes is employing resistant and tolerant cultivars. Investigating biochemical changes can help determine the cause of resistance or susceptibility of plants to nematodes. In this study, resistance levels of some tomato cultivars, ‘ALYSTE F-1’, ‘ARYZA F-1’, ‘Early Urbana’, ‘Rutgers’, ‘Dutch Mobil’ and ‘Hungarian Mobil’, were evaluated based on nematode reproduction indices under glasshouse conditions. After selecting the most susceptible and resistant cultivar, comparisons of activity of defence enzymes (guaiacol peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase), and phenolic and lignin contents in leaves and roots were investigated. Analysis of nematode reproductive traits revealed that ‘ALYSTE F-1’ had the lowest number of galls per root system, egg masses per root system, eggs per root system, and second-stage juveniles per 1.5 kg of soil and, consequently, the lowest number of nematode populations. Finally, ‘ALYSTE F-1’ and ‘Dutch Mobil’ (based on reproduction factor, gall index and resistance index) were selected as moderately resistant and highly susceptible cultivars, respectively, for biochemical analysis. Biochemical analysis of leaves and roots showed that most of the defence compounds in ‘ALYSTE F-1’ were higher than ‘Dutch Mobil’. These results also showed that ‘ALYSTE F-1’ reacted to nematode attack more rapidly than ‘Dutch Mobil’.
Decolonising African Divine Episteme
Authors: Prempeh Charles
Published: September 2022

The goal of this paper is to decolonise Akan divine episteme from undue Euro-Christian influence. Since the 1920s, cultural anthropologists have argued that the Akan concept of Twereduampon Kwame is because God either revealed himself to the Akan on a Saturday or the Akan worshipped God on that day. Employing in-depth interviews and a secondary data research approach that incorporates analysis of extant literature, I challenge this assumption by arguing that the name of God as Twereduampon Kwame is based on the significance of day names. This is because the name intermeshes with the enigma of death and God’s positionality as the source of the answer to the disruption caused by death. Contrary to the assumption of revelation or Sabbath observance in the Akan religion, the name Twereduampon Kwame points to God’s appellation as the greatest herbalist.
Religion and Subjective Well-being
Authors: Golo Ben-Willie Kwaku , Novieto Ernestina E.
Published: September 2022

The relationship between religion and subjective well-being has received research attention in recent decades with mixed results, particularly related to life satisfaction, fewer traumatic outcomes, and happiness. With the assumption that the connection between religion and subjective well-being depends on the context and the religious certainty of participants and considering that majority of religion-well-being research were carried out predominantly in contexts of diminishing centrality of institutional religion and religious fervor, this paper specifically researches early career professionals with claims to religiousness and religious certainties in three of Ghana’s public universities. Using the mixed-method of research with two-hundred and thirty-six surveys and twenty-five in-depth interviews we found that our participants understanding of subjective well-being reflects the complexity of the subject. We also found that while their claims indicate a strong relationship between their religiosities and their well-being, particularly through religious meaning-making, these are not without elements of negative relationships. We conclude that, while the data offers some unique insights, it further supports the view of the complexities in the conclusions on religiosity and well-being.
Jaime Gonçalves
Authors: Fiorotti Silas
Published: September 2022

This paper emphasizes the trajectory of Jaime Pedro Gonçalves (1936–2016) and especially the perspectives of this Mozambican bishop on some facts regarding the recent history of Mozambique. The hypothesis defended is that the trajectory approach is very important for understanding several aspects of Mozambique’s recent history, and that the bishop’s perspectives challenge and point to the limits of the ideas and explanations in the official narratives of the Frelimo governments.
‘I Got the Call – Not Him’
Authors: Frost Marie-Luise
Published: September 2022

This paper examines how the call to found their own churches has allowed and enabled women to subvert and challenge prescribed gender roles. It focuses on African Initiated Churches including both African Independent and Pentecostal Charismatic churches. While the importance of women in these churches is widely acknowledged, less attention has been given to the question of how female church founders gain and maintain their leadership positions. Drawing on historical cases as well as on interviews with founders and church leaders conducted in South Africa and Nigeria, this paper shows how the charismatic authority and doctrinal independence women gain through the call not only legitimate their position but enable them to challenge social and doctrinal norms and thus emancipate themselves from traditional gender roles. However, it also discusses whether in some cases women did not fully use their authority in order to keep it.
Attitude toward Virtual Communion in Relation to Church Tradition during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Kingdom
Authors: Village Andrew
Published: September 2022

Attitude toward virtual communion was assessed among 3,300 Roman Catholic, Anglican, and Free Church clergy and laity during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK in 2021. A six-item unidimensional scale (Scale of Attitude Toward Virtual Communion, SATVC) assessed attitude related to receiving communion during online services, the necessity of priests for consecration and lay presidency of communion at home. Church tradition predicted attitude in ways that were in line with historical understandings of the Eucharist and ecclesial debates about the necessity of priests to preside over ritual. Within traditions, other factors operated in different ways, producing a complex web of interactions. Older people were more positive about virtual communion than younger ones, but mainly in Catholic traditions. Clergy were more negative in most traditions except Free Church. Having a generally conservative doctrinal stance drove Catholic and Reformed traditions in opposite directions. Liturgical stance predicted SATVC independently of doctrinal stance, and more traditional stance tended to lead to more uniformity, rather than divergence, between traditions.
The Impact of the European Union on Turkey’s Policy of Immigration Detention
Authors: Canga Pinar , Behrman Simon
Published: September 2022

In the context of rising populist and nationalist politics amongst some EU states and throughout the world, the EU prides itself on the principle of free movement, and its adherence to a detailed set of human rights norms. However, this dichotomy obscures a more complex reality. The problem is that ‘free movement’ is conceived of, in EU terms, as solely relating to internal movement. When it comes to its external relations, the EU arguably comes to more closely resemble the politics of the critics of ‘free movement’ in the UK and elsewhere. The policy, colloquially known as ‘Fortress Europe’ has been around for some time, and the EU’s response to the refugees attempting to enter via the Mediterranean in recent years has not been defined by a humanitarian approach. Another way in which the EU’s prejudices around non-European migration can be observed is through its external relations with other states. We explore the case of EU-Turkey relations, and by doing so reveal the ways in which the EU has attempted to alter the policies of its partner, and putative member state, in ways that place burdens on migrants rather than relieving them. Turkey as the EU’s ‘candidate’ country has adopted these policies without much debate about alternatives to detention or ethics of detaining people as long as certain standards were met. This candidate-EU relationship, although strained a few years back, has finally led to the readmission agreement in 2015 where immigration detention became the norm.
Was There Ever an Egyptian Empire in the Northern Levant? Debunking the Egyptological Myth of Dynasty 18
Authors: Zangani Federico
Published: September 2022

This article sets out to debunk the Egyptological myth of Dynasty 18 as a successful imperial power through an evidence-based reconsideration of the local histories of five Syrian cities – Qadesh, Ugarit, Tunip, Qatna, and Niya. A combined analysis of Egyptian and cuneiform sources, including the recently published Hurro-Akkadian documents from Qatna, clearly indicates a progressive failure of the foreign policies of the pharaonic monarchy from Tuthmosid times through the Amarna Period, and this study challenges Egyptological consensus and denies the very existence of an Egyptian empire in the northern Levant. Theories from International Relations that question sovereignty and territoriality and the growing body of research on global cities and city diplomacy outline a promising avenue of future research to reconsider the nexus between diplomacy and the failure of imperialism, and to reappraise Dynasty 18 not as an imperialist power, but as a territorial state struggling to cope with the geopolitical and economic challenges of globalization.
Bolesław Prus’s Pharaoh(s) – Two Literary Visions of the Human Condition and Our Fascination with Ancient Egypt
Authors: Popielska-Grzybowska Joanna , Zinkow Leszek
Published: September 2022

This paper discusses two publications and two “pharaohs” (fictitious protagonists) in the historical and Egyptological context of a short story and a novel by Polish writer Aleksander Głowacki (a.k.a. Bolesław Prus). It looks at the observations of a writer fascinated by the dramas of powerful, extraordinary people and visions of a civilization that were firmly embedded in Poland and the whole of Europe at the end of the nineteenth century. The first discussed publication is a short story, A Legend of Old Egypt, on Ramzes (all names given in original spelling provided, either by the author in the case of the short story or the translator in the case of the novel) and his grandson, Horus – the first work in which Prus used “historical costume” to comment on the present and on the human condition. The plot of the masterpiece, Pharaoh, takes place in ancient Egypt and is a story of Ramses XIII’s life. The authors of this paper intend to explore the complexity of Prus’s protagonists against a historical and Egyptological background.
Political, All Too Political. Again on Protagoras’ Myth in Its Intellectual Context
Authors: Bonazzi Mauro
Published: September 2022

The paper argues for an analytic interpretation of Protagoras’ myth in Plato’s dialogue by showing that its goal is not so much to reconstruct the origins of civilization as to identify some essential features of humankind. Against the widespread opinion that human progress depends on the development of technai, Protagoras claims that political art is the most important one, insofar as it is the condition for the existence of society. More concretely, the emphasis on the political art also serves to bring light to what is distinctive of Protagoras as opposed to the other sophists and poets. As clearly shown in the dialogue, Protagoras can thus present himself as the only teacher who is capable of imparting the teachings suited to the needs of the new world of the polis.
Kratos and Other Forms of Power in the Two Constitutions of the Athenians
Authors: Cammack Daniela
Published: September 2022

What did kratos imply in the classical democratic context? Focusing on the two Constitutions of the Athenians traditionally attributed to Xenophon and Aristotle respectively, this article explores differences among kratos and three proximate terms: archē (de facto governance or magistracy), kuros (authority, perceived as legitimate), and dēmagōgia (leadership). With Benveniste and Loraux, it argues that kratos specifically signalled ‘superiority’ or ‘predominance’, as revealed in combat or other form of contest. Dēmokratia thereby connoted the forceful predominance of the dēmos (‘assembly’, ‘collective common people’) over the rest of the community, including office-holders (archontes, archai) and political leaders (dēmagōgoi). The association of kratos with force directs attention to the martial underpinnings of classical demotic authority, incidentally highlighting a weakness in modern democracy: the dēmos’ lack of kratos over the political elite when that elite controls military and police power.
Martha Nussbaum and Aristotle on Distributive Justice and Equality
Authors: Knoll Manuel
Published: September 2022

This article gives a detailed analysis of Nussbaum’s ‘capabilities approach’ and her claim that it is a genuinely Aristotelian contemporary po-litical philosophy. The paper examines how Nussbaum bases her ‘capabilities approach’ on human nature and questions her assertion that both Aristotle’s account of human nature and her own approach are not metaphysical. In order to analyze the normative dimension of Nussbaum’s ‘capabilities approach’, this article focuses on Aristotle’s doctrine of distributive justice and equality. It shows how Nussbaum adopts and modifies this doctrine in an egalitarian way and demonstrates that her reading and appropriation of it is problematic. With reference to contemporary literature on Aristotle’s Politics, the article criticizes how Nussbaum assimilates Aristotle’s political philosophy into modern values and notions, laying out six primary reasons supporting the thesis that Nussbaum’s ‘capabilities approach’ cannot be regarded as an Aristotelian one.
“Above and Below” and “Inside and Outside” in Chu Bamboo Texts: With Comments on the Classification of Spirits and Numen in Sacrificial Rites by Chu People
Authors: Yang (楊華) Hua
Published: September 2022

The Chu ghosts and spirits are divided into those “above” and those “below.” “Above” and “below” cannot be understood only as referring to heavenly spirits and earthly deities but should include also ancestral spirits. The Chu people’s sacrifices and prayers are also divided into those “internal” and “external.” This distinction is a spatial one that is not based on blood relations. The complete, well-organized system of heavenly spirits, earthly deities, and human ghosts had not fully formed in Warring States Chu culture.
The Importance of Tone for a Proper Understanding of Ancient Texts: “Wunai” in the *Lubang da han 魯邦大旱
Authors: Liang (梁静) Jing
Published: September 2022

This article, starting with the modal particle wunai 毋乃, analyzes the tone of a dialogue between Confucius and Zigong in the *Lubang da han 魯邦大旱 manuscript. It points out that the attitude to a certain viewpoint is often contained in the tone of the speaker, and improper understanding of this information may lead to misreading a person’s point of view and their relationship with others.
University Inclusion Practices – Re-Encountering the Status Quo: An Interpretive Approach
Authors: Titchkosky Tanya
Published: September 2022

My aim is to forge a feel for the importance of building critical understandings of common forms of engagement with disability and in this way work against the careless-care that seems to surround the ways disability-experience is managed in education. First, I discuss what this interpretive dse approach entails. Second, I narrate being in the University classroom with my dyslexic ways and counterpose this to “access statements” on course outlines which are now a common occurrence in the Canadian context. I then conduct an interpretive analysis of the meaning of disability as it appears through my personal story and these bureaucratic statements of inclusion. Despite these differing instances of inclusion, I show how both maintain the status quo of university work-life. Through a politics of wonder, this paper aims to invigorate life affirming relations where disability might figure as something other than a pharmakon for the status quo.
A Note on Nahash
Authors: Polak Frank H.
Published: September 2022

The long plus of 4Q51 at 1 Sam 10:27, describing the Ammonite attack on the Reubenites and Gadites and the flight of the fugitives to Jabesh-Gilead, has been accepted as original by Cross, Tov and others, whereas it has been viewed as a secondary expansion by other scholars, first and foremost Barthélemy. Since both sides have advanced important arguments, this discussion has led to a stalemate (Kratz). The present study shows that syntactic-stylistic analysis indicates significant differences between the style of the Jabesh tale (1 Sam 11) and the plus of the scroll. In particular one notes a series of long noun groups in antecedent and relative clause mentioning “anybody among the Israelites be[yond the Jordan wh]ose right eye was no[t go]uged out by Nahash, king of the Ammonites.” Since such constructions are extremely rare in 1–2 Samuel, and in classical biblical narrative in general (although they do occur in rhetorical discourse, such as Deut 4:8, and in headings and endings, such as Lev 26:46; Deut 4:45–46; Ezra 7:11), it is important to point out that expressions of such complexity are not infrequently found in Qumran texts, such as 1QS 5:8–10; 1QpHab 2:6–10. In biblical texts this constellation is so exceptional that it is impossible the disregard it. Thus, syntactic-stylistic analysis leads to the virtually inevitable conclusion that the long plus concerning Nahash represents secondary expansion, possibly inspired by 1 Chron 5:10, 18–22. The analysis of syntactic-stylistic features, then, is an indispensible part of textual study.
Agave infiernilloensis (sect. Choritepalae, Asparagaceae), a gigantic new species from the Balsas Basin in Western Mexico
Authors: ETTER JULIA , KRISTEN MARTIN , ROSALES-MARTÍNEZ C. SANTIAGO , VÁZQUEZ-GARCÍA J. ANTONIO
Published: September 2022

We describe and illustrate Agave infiernilloensis, a new species of the section Choritepalae (Agavoideae, Asparagaceae). It is morphologically similar to A. gypsicola from which it differs by having larger rosettes and leaves, shorter terminal spine, shorter and recurving inflorescence, more flowers per node, as well as longer flowers, ovary, and filaments. We assessed the species as Endangered (EN) according to the IUCN criteria. We provide a distribution map and a key to the choritepalous species of Agave.
Combination of Chloranthus flavus into C. nervosus based on morphological and molecular evidence
Authors: LU YONG-BIN , HUANG ZHANG-PING , QIN XIN-MEI , ZHANG QIANG
Published: September 2022

Chloranthus flavus was described as a new species in the recent past only based on morphological comparison, which was assumed to be related and compared to C. nervosus. In the present study, based on extensive investigations and observations of the wild and transplanted plants in combination with molecular phylogenetic studies, we found: C. flavus has wider distribution range, but is still fully embedded within that of the widespread C. nervosus and they even coexist in some populations; they have same phenology and furthermore, there are not any disjunct morphological characters that can be observed to separate them, even for the assumed most striking diagnostic trait of stamen (connective) color, which varies more or less continuously; moreover, molecular phylogenetic analyses based on population samples and both plastid and nuclear sequences indicated that the individuals of typical C. flavus are fully nested within and interdispersed with C. nervosus. All these prove that C. flavus is a synonym of C. nervosus and should be combined.
The genus Orieosia Bucsek, 2012 also found in New Guinea, with description of two new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Lithosiini)
Authors: VOS ROB DE
Published: September 2022

The genus Orieosia Bucsek, 2012 appears to be present in New Guinea too. Four species have been discovered in New Guinea to belong to this formerly believed to be Oriental genus. Two already known species, Lambula hypopolius Rothschild, 1916 and Utriculofera tetrastigmata Rothschild, 1916, are transferred to the genus Orieosia Bucsek, 2012. Orieosia stenoptera spec. nov. and O. albigrisea spec. nov. are described as new to science. Nomenclatorial confusion with Holocraspedon hypopolius (Rothschild, 1916) is discussed.
Estimating Phase Transition Rates in Shallow Cumulus Clouds from Mass Flux. Part I: Theory and Numerical Simulations
Authors: Kogan Yefim L.
Published: September 2022

The system of trade wind cumulus clouds observed during the RICO field project was simulated by an LES model in a domain of the size of a mesoscale model grid. More than 2000 clouds were analyzed by stratifying them by their cloud-top heights. The investigation was focused on phase transition rates (TR), which in warm tropical clouds are represented by the processes of condensation/evaporation. We previously demonstrated, based on LES data, that a nearly perfect correlation (R = 0.99) exists between upward mass flux (MFP) and condensation rate (CR), and that the correlation between MFP and evaporation rate (ER) is only slightly lower (R = 0.98). The strong dependence of TR on MFP and the linear relationship between them were explained by applying condensation theory and the concept of “quasi-steady” supersaturation. The LES-derived slope of the linear TR–MFP relationship agreed with its theoretical value, with an error of less than 5%. This result implies that supersaturation in clouds, on average, varies within a few percentage points of its quasi-steady value. In our analysis we considered parameters characterizing cloud as a whole, that is, parameters integrated over the cloud volume. However, condensation theory and LES data show that the linear fit is applicable to local variables and therefore may be integrated to obtain relationships for horizontally averaged variables. Expanding the TR–MFP relationship to vertically dependent variables may provide the framework for development of subgrid-scale latent heat release parameterization.

Significance Statement

This study investigated condensation/evaporation processes in tropical cumulus clouds. The energy exchanged during these processes is an important driving force behind a wide range of atmospheric phenomena. We found theoretically, and confirmed in computer simulations, that the rate of condensation/evaporation can be expressed as a linear function of the cloud vertical velocity. This finding suggests a new approach to calculate cloud energy transformations in numerical weather prediction models.
A Mesoscale Ocean–Atmosphere Coupled Pathway for Decadal Variability of the Kuroshio Extension System
Authors: Gan Bolan , Wang Tianyu , Wu Lixin , Li Jianping , Qiu Bo , Yang Haiyuan , Zhang Li
Published: September 2022

The Kuroshio Extension (KE) system has been observed to experience a decadal cycle between dynamically stable and unstable states. However, divergent conclusions on its interaction with the atmosphere obfuscate the understanding of its oscillatory nature at the preferred decadal time scale. Here, using satellite observations and the ERA-Interim reanalysis in 2002–16, physical process-oriented diagnoses suggest that the wintertime finer-scale thermodynamic response to mesoscale oceanic surface conditions and slow oceanic Rossby wave adjustment frame a coupled ocean–atmosphere delayed oscillator for the decadal KE variability. During the stable state of the KE system, the downstream KE transition region is rich in mesoscale oceanic warming associated with warm eddies, which induces surface wind convergence and upward motion, probably via the enhanced turbulent mixing. Meanwhile, increased finer-scale diabatic heating in the lower troposphere with abundant moisture supply from warmer water likely facilitates the deep-reaching updraft that adiabatically cools the middle troposphere. The background northwesterly wind helps to spread out the cooling, leading to southward deflection of local atmospheric eddy available potential energy (EAPE) production by baroclinic conversion. Consequently, the synoptic eddy activity displaces southward across the basin with additional energy supply from the increased diabatic production of EAPE downstream. Anomalous synoptic eddy thermal and vorticity forcing eventually fosters the basin-scale equivalent-barotropic cyclonic circulation anomaly, which is further maintained by energy conversion from the background state. The resultant wind-driven negative sea surface height anomalies propagate westward into the upstream KE region with a delay of ∼4 years and can trigger the unstable state of the KE system.