bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A percepção dos pescadores artesanais do Rio Gravatá (Navegantes/SC) sobre as mudanças ambientais e climáticas.
Authors: Santos Diego dos , Siefert Fabiane Krumreich , Santos Gilberto Friedenreich , De Souza Cristiane Mansur Moraes
Published: October 2018

As alterações no ambiente e no clima são uma realidade e influenciam a vida no planeta. Assim, o estudo tratou de verificar a percepção dos pescadores do Rio Gravatá em Navegantes/SC, em relação à temática. A metodologia consistiu de análise documental e entrevistas. Os resultados observaram convergências e divergências entre os dados científicos e empíricos. As conclusões refletem sobre a adoção de ações mais sustentáveis e sobre a participação da população local na tomada de decisões que afetarão seus cotidianos.
CHITOSAN INHIBITION FROM SHELL OF WASTE CRAB CULTIVATION “SOKA” (SCYLLA SP) AGAINST 4 HISTAMINE FORMING BACTERIA ISOLATE IN EUTHYNNUS AFFINIS
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Agustiana Agustiana , Adawyah Rabiatul , Candra Candra
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibition of chitosan from crab cultivation waste "soka" (Scylla sp) against histamine-forming bacteria in tuna (Euthynnus affinis). The formation of histamine on the cob caused by bacteria that can produce the enzyme histidine decarboxylase to transform histidine into histamine. Several studies have described the ability of chitosan to inhibit the activity of histamine-forming bacteria. In this research, three stages, the first characterization of chitosan from crab shell waste cultivation "soka". Second, isolation of bacteria producing histamine on the cob and a third is testing the activity of chitosan against bacteria producing histamine. Characteristics of chitosan from crab shell waste cultivation "soka" is the water content of 10.07 %, 0.20 % fat, 1.42 % ash content, protein content 3.18 % and 58.99 % degree of deacetylation. The result of the isolation of bacterial symbionts on the cob re-examined in the formation of histamine thus obtained 4 isolates that Serratia marcescens, Enterobacteriaceae sp, Enterobacter gergoviae and Citrobacter amalonaticus. Testing inhibition of chitosan against bacteria Serratia marcescens, Enterobacteriaceae sp, Enterobacter gergoviae and Citrobacter amalonaticus obtained a clear zone, respectively, are 0.54 ± 0.03 cm; 0.59 ± 0.01 cm; 0.41 ± 0.01 cm; and 0.40 ± 0.05 cm.
PRIMARY AQUATIC PRODUCTIVITY OF FISHPOND IN PALM OIL PLANTATION IN GUNUNG MELATI VILLAGE BATU AMPAR SUBDISTRICT TANAH LAUT REGENCY
Authors: Adelina Adelina , Rahman Mijani , Rahman Abdur
Published: October 2018

This research attempted to find out the level of primary aquatic productivity of fishpond in palm oil plantation in Gunung Melati Village Batu Ampar Subdistrict Tanah Laut Regency and to find out the quality of water based on the abundance of plankton. The measurement of the primary productivity used combination of two oxygen methods, withdrawal of sample of water, and plankton analysis. The result of the measurement was tabulated in form of table and described in form of graphic so that the difference in every observational station would be seen. Data analysis of primary productivity used oxygen measuring methods; those were dark bottle and clear bottle methods. The classification used for fertility level was according to Purnomo, et al, 1993.Result of the measurement showed that station 1 and station 2 had fertility level that belonged to trophic oligotrophic level (less fertile). Index value of plankton diversity t in station 1 and station 2 were ranked not extremely low and belonged to minor contaminated category.
GROWTH PATTERN OF SELAR FISH (Selaroides leptolepis) IN SOUTHEAST MALUKU DISTRICT WATERS
Authors: Supeni Eka Anto , Almohdar Erna
Published: October 2018

Fish selar (Selaroides leptolepis) is one type of fish consumption that has high economic value and many caught in Southeast Maluku district waters. As an important resource, information on various aspects of fish biology is needed in order to support its management efforts. Therefore, this research is aimed to see the pattern of fish growth in Southeast Maluku waters. This research was conducted using data of catch in Sathean and Selayar village of southeast Maluku district collected during March until July 2017.The total samples of fish selar used were 877 individuals with total length size 100 t0 247 mm and means length 161.64±0.82 mm and weight size 8.80 to 165.70 gram with means weight  46.39±0.86 gram. The result of analysis between length and weight selar fish equation W = 0.0000008L3.044,  with the growth pattern of selar fish in Southeast Maluku waters is isometric.
ISOLATION AND ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY TEST OF PROBIOTIC CANDIDATE FROM DANAU PANGGANG SWAMP ECONOMICAL FISHES DIGESTIVE TRACT
Authors: Marlida Rini , Elrifadah Elrifadah
Published: October 2018

Aim of this research were isolation of probiotics candidate from digestive tract of Danau Panggang swamp fishes and amylolitic, proteolytic, and lipolyticenzyme activity test. Sample fishes were snake head (Channa striata), climbing perch (Anabas testudineus), and Siamese gouramy (Trichogaster pectoralis) as a refresentatif sample from carnivorous, omnivorous, and herbivorous fish.  Medium containing starch, skim milk and olive oil used as selective media. Result of this research was successfully isolated probiotic candidate whom grow well and had enzyme activity from C. Striata obtained 11 isolate, 12 isolate from A. testudineus and T. pectoralis respectively. Higher amilolytic activity was C3GHDP, I3PDP4 had a higher lipolytic activity,  D4SSDP1 and H3PDP had a higher proteolytic activity.  Among those isolate G1PDPsp had a amilolytic, proteolytic and lipolytic activity.
ROLLING OF TROLLING LINER ON SINJAI REGENCY
Authors: Wahab Aulia Azhar , Farhum St. Aisjah , Amir Faisal
Published: October 2018

Trolling liner was a dominance used by fishermans in Sinjai Regency was made by traditional without planning before, so stability and seakeeping ability about sea condition was unknown. The research aimed to analyze the rolling motion of trolling liner in regular condition of beam seas. The research was a case study of trolling liner used by the fisherman in Sinjai.Geometry measurement vessel formwas done to get a model of trolling liner and then make a redesign as a comparedand thenmake a simulation using program Maxsurf v8.i.the result showed that the sample have a good stability. Higher rollingwas 18,168 onhigh wave -0,1971 m and lowerrollingwas -18,168 on high wave 0,1971 m,while theredesignshowed higherrollingwas 14,102 on high wave -0,1970 m and lowerrollingwas -14,102 on high wave 0.1968 m.
PENCAHAYAAN DENGAN PERSENTASE PENUTUPAN DINDING AKUARIUM YANG BERBEDA UNTUK DAYA TETAS DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP LARVA IKAN KELABAU (Osteochilusmelanopleura Blkr)
Authors: Rahmadani Rahmadani , Rukmini Rukmini , Ansyari Pahmi
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pencahayaan dengan persentase penutupan dinding akuarium yang berbeda terhadap daya tetas dan kelangsungan hidup larva ikan kelabau (Osteochilus melanopleura Blkr) serta mengetahui perbedaan parameter kimia dan fisika pada masing-masing perlakuan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan C (penetasan telur kelabau pada akuarium dinding kaca 100% tertutup) merupakan perlakuan yang terbaik karena menunjukkan rerata daya tetas telur (%) ikan kelabau yang terbesar dengan nilai 63,80% dibandingkan dengan perlakuan A (penetasan telur kelabau pada akuarium dinding kaca 100% terbuka) dengan nilai 50,47% dan perlakuan B (penetasan telur kelabau pada akuarium dinding kaca 50% tertutup) dengan nilai 54,66%.Pada hasil penelitian ini, kelangsungan hidup larva ikan kelabau yang terbaik adalah pada perlakuan B (pemeliharaan larva kelabau pada akuarium dinding kaca 50% tertutup) yaitu sebesar 71,90%. Dibandingkan dengan kelangsungan hidup larva ikan mas pada Tabel 9, didapatkan kelangsungan hidup terbaik pada perlakuan B (suhu 28°C) yaitu sebesar 65,33%. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa suhu air akuarium yang berbeda sangat berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan hidup larva ikan kelabau. Suhu air akuarium pada perlakuan B (pemeliharaan larva kelabau pada akuarium dinding kaca 50% tertutup) adalah 26,5°C yaitu masih dalam kisaran suhu optimal untuk kelangsungan hidup larva ikan kelabau.
VARIASI PADAT PENEBARAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN LELE SANGKURIANG (Clarias sp) YANG DIPELIHARA DALAM HAPA
Authors: Herliwati Herliwati
Published: October 2018

Tujuan penelitian  untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi padat penebaran benih terhadap pertumbuhan ikan lele sangkuriang yang dipelihara dalam hapa.  Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Ikan lele sangkuriang (Clarias sp) pada perlakuan A (padat tebar 20 ekor/m2 ) yang di pelihara dalam hapa  memiliki Pertumbuhan berat  dan panjang relatif, konversi pakan  lebih baik dibandingkan perlakuan  B (padat tebar 40 ekor/m2)  dan C (padat tebar 60 ekor/m2).  Namun untuk   sintasan,  perlakuan A dan B  memiliki  nilai lebih baik dibandingkan perlakuan C.   Hasil pengukuran kualitas air yang meliputi suhu, DO, pH, NH3  dan CO2) pada umumnya masih berada pada kisaran yang dapat ditoleransi oleh benih ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias sp).
RAPID ASSESMENT LIMNOLOGIS SEBAGAI INDIKATOR PENGELOLAAN (REGULASI DAN PEMANFAATAN PERAIRAN) DI ZONA PENYANGGA LAHAN BASAH RESERVAT DANAU PANGGANG KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI UTARA, KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Arifin Pathul , Ardianoor Ardiannoor , Sofarini Dini , Yunandar Yunandar
Published: October 2018

Penurunan jumlah tangkapan di perairan reservat danau panggang kabupaten hulu sungai utara sebesar 2% pertahun dari 3145,1 ton (2010) menjadi 3.030,0 ton (2013) dan kehadiran ikan lais (Cryptopterus micronema) < 1% setiap tahunnya disusul ikan baung (Mystus nemurus) < 0,5% mengindikasikan penurunan kualitas air, produktivitas perairan dan lingkungan perairan secara keseluruhan sebagai sistem ekologi. Tujuan penelitian (a) mengidentifikasi kondisi limnologis perairan di zona penyangga kawasan reservat danau panggang dengan analisis kualitas air dan biological indeks; (b) menganalisis konfigurasi ruang dari aktivitas di lokasi dan nilai sumberdaya perairan dari karakter bioekologis; (c) menilai kondisi keseluruhan atribut perairan di zona penyangga; (d) memetakan profil zonasi untuk menjelaskan kondisi eksisting di lokasi penelitian. Metode analisis kualitas air dan biological indeks serta kuissioner disertai statistik deskriptif dan pemetaan. Konsentrasi bahan organik yang tinggi berasal dari limbah organik dan tingkat biodiversitas fitoplankton lebih dominan daripada zooplankton berupa kelompok Chlorophyta air tawar sebagai pakan alami bagi larva dan benih ikan. Struktur pemukiman di lokasi terhadap perairan 50-75%, pembudidaya dan nelayan sebagai profesi utama dengan 2-10 jenis ikan yang tertangkap serta 4 jenis yang kehadirannya rendah. Pemetaan faktor penyebab kerusakan zona penyangga berasal dari peningkatan pemukiman 30%, prilaku masyarakat, intensitas penangkapan dan illegal fishing
KUALITAS KIMIAWI DAN SENSORIS KECAP BERBAHAN BAKU KEONG SAWAH
Authors: Husnul Khotimah Iin , Sutikno Nooryantini
Published: October 2018

Penelitian bertujuan  untuk mengetahui kualitas kimiawi dan sensoris kecap berbahan baku keong sawah (Bellamya javanica) dengan penambahan enzim protease. Proses pengolahan kecap secara alami memerlukan waktu yang lama, sehingga untuk mempercepat proses fermentasinya menggunakan enzim protease (bromelin dan papain).  Rancangan yang digunakan  rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial  3x3, 2 kali ulangan .  Faktor pertama (A) penambahan  enzim bromelin (A1= 0,5%; A2= 1% ; dan A3= 1,5%);  faktor kedua (B) penambahan enzim papain (B1= 0,5%; B2= 1%; dan B3= 1,5%. Parameter yang diamati kualitas kimiawi kecap keong sawah (kadar protein, lemak, air, dan abu). Kualitas sensoris (spesifikasi warna, aroma dan kekentalan).  Pengamatan dilakukan pada fermentasi (5, 7, 10,  dan 13 hari).  Hasil menunjukkan kecap keong sawah terbaik dengan penambahan enzim  bromelin 1,5% dan enzim papain 1%, difermentasi selama 7 hari memiliki  nilai kadar protein tertinggi  21,71 %;  lemak 2,355%;  air 74,275%;  abu 9,89%; spesifikasi warna 71,25 (hampir berwarna coklat kehitaman/gelap); aroma 59,67 (aroma khas kecap ikan sudah mulai tercium); dan kekentalan 73 (hampir sama dengan kekentalan kecap ikan komersil). The study aims to determine the chemical and sensory quality of soy sauce made from conch paddy (Bellamyâ javanica) with the addition of a protease enzyme. The processing of soy sauce is naturally takes a long time, so as to speed up the fermentation process using protease enzymes (bromelain and papain). The design is completely randomized factorial design 3x3, 2 replications. The first factor (A) addition of the enzyme bromelain (A1 = 0.5%; A2 = 1%; and A3 = 1.5%); The second factor (B) the addition of the enzyme papain (B1 = 0.5%; B2 = 1%; and B3 = 1.5%. The parameters observed chemical quality soy sauce snail rice fields (levels of protein, fat, water and ash).Quality sensory (specification of color, aroma and viscosity). Observations were made on the fermentation (5, 7, 10, and 13 days). the results show the best rice conch sauce with the addition of the enzyme bromelain enzyme papain 1.5% and 1%, fermented for 7 days has the highest value of 21.71% protein content, fat 2,355%; 74.275% water; ashes 9.89%; color specifications 71.25 (almost blackish brown / dark); aroma 59.67 (aroma typical fish sauce already began to smell ); and the viscosity of 73 (almost the same viscosity as commercial fish sauce).
Engineering a Minimal Cloning Vector from a pUC18 Plasmid Backbone with an Extended Multiple Cloning Site
Authors: Staal Jens , De Schamphelaire Wouter , Beyaert Rudi
Published: October 2018

Minimal plasmids play an essential role in many intermediate steps in molecular biology. They can for example be used to assemble building blocks in synthetic biology or be used as intermediate cloning plasmids that are ideal for PCR-based mutagenesis methods. A small backbone also opens up for additional unique restriction enzyme cloning sites. Here we describe the generation of pICOz, a 1185 bp fully functional high-copy cloning plasmid with an extended multiple cloning site (MCS). To our knowledge, this is the smallest high-copy cloning vector ever described.
Evolution of Microgrids with Converter-Interfaced Generations: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Hossain Md Alamgir , Pota Hemanshu Roy , Hossain Md Jahangir , Blaabjerg Frede
Published: October 2018

Although microgrids facilitate the increased penetration of distributed generations (DGs) and improve the security of power supplies, they have some issues that need to be better understood and addressed before realising the full potential of microgrids. This paper presents a comprehensive list of challenges and opportunities supported by a literature review on the evolution of converter-based microgrids. The discussion in this paper presented with a view to establishing microgrids as distinct from the existing distribution systems. This is accomplished by, firstly, describing the challenges and benefits of using DG units in a distribution network and then those of microgrid ones. Also, the definitions, classifications and characteristics of microgrids are revised according to their specific roles to provide a sound basis for novice researchers to undertake ongoing research on microgrids.
Hydrological Guidelines for Reservoir Operation: Application to the Brazilian Semiarid Region
Authors: de Araújo José Carlos , Mamede George Leite , de Lima Berthyer Peixoto
Published: October 2018

The Brazilian water legislation advocates that some uses have priority over others, but this aspect has never been clearly addressed, generating conflicts. Water authorities usually refer to hydrological models to justify their decisions on water allocation. However, a significant group of stakeholders does not feel qualified to discuss these models and is, therefore, excluded from the decision process. We hereby propose a hydrologically robust method to correlate water uses with their respective reservoir alert volumes, which should empower the less formally educated stakeholders. The method consists of: (i) generating the water discharge versus reliability curve, using a stochastic approach; (ii) generating the withdrawal discharge versus alert volume family of curves, using a water-balance approach; (iii) calibrating the key parameter T using field data; and (iv) associating each water use with its alert volume. We have applied the method to four of the largest reservoirs (2.10³ - 2.10² hm³) in the semi-arid Ceará State. The results indicate that low-priority water uses should be rationalized when the reservoir volume is below 20%; whereas uses with very high priority should start rationalization when it is below 11%. These hydrological guidelines should help enhance water governance among non-specialist stakeholders in water-scarce and reservoir-dependent regions.
Assessing the Relation between Plasma PCB concentrations and Elevated Autistic Behaviours Using Bayesian Predictive Odds Ratios
Authors: Bernardo Brendan A. , Lanphear Bruce P. , Venners Scott A. , Arbuckle Tye E. , Braun Joseph M. , Muckle Gina , Fraser William D. , McCandless Lawrence C.
Published: October 2018

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired social communication and repetitive or stereotypic behaviours. In utero exposure to environmental chemicals, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), may play a role in the etiology of ASD. We examined the relation between plasma PCB concentrations measured during pregnancy and autistic behaviours in a subset of children aged 3–4 years old in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study, a pregnancy and birth cohort of 546 mother-infant pairs from Canada (enrolled: 2008-2011). We quantified the concentrations of 6 PCB congeners that were detected in >40% of plasma samples collected during the 1st trimester. At age 3–4 years, caregivers completed the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS), a valid and reliable measure of children’s reciprocal social and repetitive behaviors and restricted interests. We examined SRS scores as both a continuous and binary outcome, and we calculated Bayesian predictive odds ratios for more autistic behaviours based on a latent variable model for SRS scores >60. We found no association between plasma PCB concentrations and autistic behavior, However, we found small and imprecise increases in the mean SRS score and odds of more autistic behaviour for the highest quartile of plasma PCB concentrations compared with the lowest quartile; for instance, an average increase of 1.1 [95%PCI: −0.5, 2.6] in the mean SRS (exposure contrast 4th versus 1st quartile) for PCB138 translated to an odds ratio of 1.6 [95%PCI: 1.0, 2.5].  Our findings illustrate the importance of measuring associations between PCBs and autistic behaviour on both continuous and binary scales.
Hydrocortisone, Ascorbic acid and Thiamine (HAT Therapy) for the Treatment of Sepsis. Focus on Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Marik Paul E.
Published: October 2018

Sepsis is a devastating disease that carries an enormous toll in terms of human suffering and lives lost. Over 100 novel pharmacologic agents which targeted specific molecules or pathways have failed to improve the outcome of sepsis. Preliminary data suggests that the combination of Hydrocortisone, Ascorbic Acid and Thiamine (HAT therapy) may reduce organ failure and mortality in patients with sepsis and septic shock. HAT therapy is based on the concept that a combination of readily available, safe and cheap agents which target multiple components of the host’s response to an infectious agent will synergistically restore the dysregulated immune response and thereby prevent organ failure and death. This paper reviews the rationale for HAT therapy with a focus on vitamin C.
Differential Effects of Red Yeast Rice, Berberis Aristata and Morus Alba Extracts, Active Components of LopiGLIK®, on PCSK9 in HepG2 Cells
Authors: Lupo Maria Giovanna , Macchi Chiara , Marchianò Silvia , Chen Haixia , Sirtori Cesare , Corsini Alberto , Ruscica Massimiliano , Ferri Nicola
Published: October 2018

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is the key regulator of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plasma levels. We previously observed that treatment of dyslipidemic subjects with nutraceutical combination containing red yeast rice (monacolin K 3.3 mg), Berberis aristata cortex extract (Berberine 531.25 mg) and Morus alba leaves extract (1-deoxynojirimycin 4 mg) (LopiGLIK®) did not alter the plasma PCSK9 levels. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of these three components on PCSK9 expression in HepG2 cell line in relationship to their effects on LDL-C cellular uptake. HepG2 cell line were incubated with Berberis aristata cortex extract (BCE), red yeast rice (RYR) and Morus alba leaves extract (MLE) alone or in combination for 24 h. RYR (50 µg/mL) increased PCSK9 protein expression (WB and ELISA assays), PCSK9 mRNA and its promoter activity. BCE (40 µg/mL) reduced PCSK9 expression, mRNA levels and promoter activity. MLE determined a concentration-dependent inhibition of PCSK9 at mRNA and protein levels, with a maximal reduction at 1 mg/mL; no significant changes in PCSK9 promoter activity were found. MLE also downregulates the expression of fatty acid synthase and HMG-CoA reductase mRNA levels. The combination of RYR, BCE and MLE reduced PCSK9 at mRNA, protein, and promoter activity. Finally, this combination induced the LDL receptor and LDL-C uptake by HepG2 cells. In conclusion, the positive effect of MLE on PCSK9 supports the rational of using this nutraceutical combination to control hyperlipidemic conditions.
Application of Numerical Tools to Investigate a Leaky Aquitard beneath Urban Well Fields
Authors: Jazaei Farhad , Waldron Brian , Schoefernacker Scott , Larsen Daniel
Published: October 2018

Memphis aquifer is the primary drinking water source in Shelby County (Tennessee, USA) and supplies industrial, commercial, and residential water. Memphis aquifer is separated from the Shallow aquifer by a clayey layer known as Upper Claiborne Confining Unit (UCCU). All of the production wells in the Memphis area are screened in the Memphis aquifer or even deeper in the Fort Pillow aquifer. Traditionally, it was assumed that the UCCU could fully protect the Memphis aquifer from the contaminated Shallow aquifer groundwater. However, recent studies show that at some locations the UCCU is thin or absent which possibly leads to the contribution of Shallow aquifer to the Memphis aquifer. Accurately locating the breaches demands expensive and difficult geological or geochemical investigations, especially within an urban area. Hence, a pre-field investigation to identify the locations where the presence of breaches is likely can significantly reduce the cost of field investigations and improve the their results. In this study, to identify the locations where the presence of breaches in the UCCU is likely we use three different analyses: (1) pilot point calibration (PPC), (2) velocity and flow budget (VFB), and (3) particle tracking (PT) to post-process the developed groundwater results. These pre-field numerical investigations provide relevant and defensible explanations for groundwater flow anomalies in an aquifer system for informed decision-making and future field investigations. In this study, we identify five specific zones within the broad study area which are reasonable candidates for the future field investigations. Finally, we test the results of each analysis against other evidence for breaches to demonstrate that the results of the numerical analyses are reliable and supported by previous studies.
Contribution of Dietary PUFAs and Micronutrients in the Protection against Food Allergy Development
Authors: Hoppenbrouwers Tamara , Cvejić Hogervorst Jelena H. , Garssen Johan , Willemsen Linette E.M. , Wichers Harry J.
Published: October 2018

Specific nutrients including n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), flavonoids, vitamin A, D and E are considered to possess protective properties on human health by impacting on immunological reactions. An ‘inflammation-suppressive’ effect appears to be the common denominator of the beneficial effects of most of these dietary components which may protect against the development of chronic immune disorders such as allergy. However, the majority of these promising data are from preclinical studies such as animal disease models, as the majority of clinical studies only indicate associations. PUFAs, especially n-3 LCPUFAs, have been shown to interact with both the sensitization as well as the effector phase in food allergy. However, it should be noted and realised that PUFAs are highly susceptible to lipid oxidation. Flavonoids and fat-soluble vitamins both contain anti-inflammatory properties and are able to act as anti-oxidants as well. Here, we explore the anti-allergic properties of PUFAs, flavonoids and fat-soluble vitamins in order to create an overview and, more importantly, suggest a strategy to target food allergies using these components and combinations thereof. Dietary n-3 LCPUFAs and the above mentioned micronutrients are promising anti‐allergy agents capable of influencing the allergic immune response through multiple and different biological pathways.
Fluid Flow and Static Structural Analysis of E-Glass Fiber Reinforced Pipe Joints versus S-Glass Fiber Reinforced Pipe Joints
Authors: Bobba Sujith , Leman Z. , Zainudin E.S. , Sapuan S.M.
Published: October 2018

Filament wound composite pipes are frequently used in the field were transmission of high pressured chemical fluids, disposal of industrial wastes, oil and natural gas transmission takes place. In oil and gas industry, the pipelines transporting heavy crude oil are subjected to variable pressure waves causing fluctuating stress levels in the pipes. Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis was performed using Ansys 15.0 Fluent software to study the effects of these pressure waves on some specified joints in the pipes. Depending on the type of heavy crude oil being used, the flow behavior indicated a considerable degree of stress levels in certain connecting joints, causing the joints to become weak over a prolonged period of use. In this research comparison of various pipe joints was done by using different material and the output result of the stress levels of the pipe joints were checked so that the life of the pipe joints can be optimized by the change of material.
Applying Case-Based Reasoning to Tactical Cognitive Sensor Networks for Dynamic Frequency Allocation
Authors: Park Jae Hoon , Lee Won Cheol , Choi Joo Pyoung , Choi Jeung Won , Um Soo Bin
Published: October 2018

This paper proposes a cognitive radio engine platform for making exploitation of available frequency channels usable for a tactical wireless sensor network in presence of incumbent communication devices known as the primary user (PU) required to be protected from undesired harmful interference. In the field of tactical communication networks, it is desperate to find available frequencies for opportunistic and dynamic access to channels in which PU is in active. This paper introduces a cognitive engine plaform for determining available channels on the basis of case-based reasoning technique deployable as core functionality on cognitive radio engine to enable dynamic spectrum access (DSA) with high fidelity. Towards this, this paper introduces a plausible learning engine to characterize channel usage pattern to extract best channel candiates for the tactical cognitive radio node (TCRN). Performance of the proposed cognitive engine is verified by conducting simulation tests which confirm the reliability in functional aspect of the proposed cognitive engine covering the learning engine as well as the case-based reasoning engine with showing how well TCRN can avoid the collision against the PU operation considered as the etiquette secondary user (SU) should have.
Emotional Intelligence and Practice of Organized Physical-Sport Activity in Children
Authors: León Benito , Mendo Santiago , Amado Diana , Sánchez Pedro A. , Iglesias Damián
Published: October 2018

Taking into account Bar-On’s postulations about social-emotional intelligence, the aim of the current work is to find out the differences in the five dimensions of this intelligence between children that practice organized sport and those children that do not practice it at elementary school level, to show that an increasing in the number of hours per day performing this activity causes differences in some of these dimensions. Hence, a sample of 940 children from elementary schools, ranging in age from 6 to 12 years old, attending different schools from the Autonomous Community of Extremadura (Spain), was used. Results showed that children who practiced organized sport had better coping abilities for stress, adaptability, and mood states, and that they are more emotionally intelligent than those who did not. Moreover, children who practiced for fewer hours daily (up to 2 hours) had better stress coping than those who practiced more. To conclude, it is important to promote the sport federative practice in elementary education, in order to ensure that children learn to better regulate and manage their emotions, without increasing it to an excessive number of hours per day, which may generate greater stress that might be difficult to control.
CRIBADO NUTRICIONAL EN PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS: ANÁLISIS DE TRES MÉTODOS.
Authors: Sánchez Sánchez Eduardo , López-Aliaga Inmaculada , Alferez MJM
Published: October 2018

Introducción. La desnutrición es una de las complicaciones que aparece con mayor frecuencia en el paciente oncológico y provoca graves consecuencias como la pérdida de masa magra.Objetivo. Conocer qué método de cribado nutricional es más útil en la predicción de la pérdida de masa magra en pacientes oncológicos.Métodos. Se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo en el que se evaluán el método de cribado nutricional MST, el MUST y el NRS- 2002 en pacientes oncológicos sometidos a tratamiento de radioterapia. Se analizó cada método  mediante curvas ROC con cálculo AUC.Resultados. El 48,73% de los pacientes presentan pérdida de masa magra. De ellos, el 29,44% presentan  una pérdida de masa magra entre 0-2%, el 10,66% entre el 2-5%, siendo el porcentaje del 8,13% los pacientes que presentan una pérdida de masa magra > 5%. Los resultados muestran que cuando se toma como punto de corte la pérdida de masa magra >5%, el método MST presenta un AUC superior a la presentada por el MUST y el NRS-2002 (0,596; IC: 0,444-0,747) y con significación estadística (p = 0,041). Además, presenta una alta sensibilidad, valor predictivo positivo y negativo.Conclusiones. El MST es un método de cribado nutricional más válido que el MUST y el NRS-2002, para predecir la pérdida de masa magra >5% en pacientes oncológicos sometidos a tratamiento radioterápico. Se recomienda su uso rutinario en todos los pacientes que acuden a tratamiento de radioterapia.
Relación entre la escala de riesgo nutricional NUTRIC y el hipercatabolismo proteico en pacientes críticos ventilados
Authors: Moretti Dino , Ré Melisa D. , Rocchetti Nicolás S. , Bagilet Daniel Horacio , Settecase Claudio Jesus , Buncuga Martin Gonzalo , Quaglino Marta
Published: October 2018

Introducción: la escala de riesgo nutricional NUTRIC no incluye una variable que estime en forma objetiva el hipercatabolismo proteico (HCP), una de las principales alteraciones metabólicas que experimentan los pacientes críticos.Objetivo: evaluar la correlación de la escala NUTRIC con el HCP en pacientes críticos ventilados.Material y métodos: estudio prospectivo, observacional. UCI polivalente. Incluyó pacientes ≥ 18 años, ventilados, sin anuria ni insuficiencia renal crónica. La variante del NUTRIC, que remplaza la IL-6 por PCR se obtuvo al ingreso y se recolectó orina de 24 horas al segundo (T0) y cuarto día (T1) para determinar el nitrógeno urinario total (NUT). Resultados: se incluyeron 69 pacientes. Edad media: 43 años (± 17,01); el 73% eran varones. Patologías de ingreso: trauma (39%) y sepsis (20%). APACHE II: 17 (± 6,66). Presentaron insuficiencia renal aguda (IRA) 17 pacientes. NUTRIC medio: 3,13 (± 1,94). El 84% presentó bajoriesgo nutricional. La correlación de Pearson entre NUTRIC y NUT en T0 y T1 fue de -0,150 (p: 0,218) y -0,053 (p: 0,663). La media de internación y ventilación mecánica fue de 13,35 (± 12,37) y 9,84 (± 10,82) días, respectivamente. Mortalidad en UCI: 36%. En el subgrupo sin IRA con bajo riesgo por NUTRIC el 27% presentó HCP severo en T0 y el 52% en T1. La correlación fue: 0,070 (p: 0,620) y 0,138 (p: 0,329), respectivamente.Conclusión: no se halló correlación entre los estimadores de la respuesta metabólica de estrés de la escala NUTRIC y el HCP en pacientes críticos ventilados; por lo tanto, no se podría sustituir la medición real del mismo en la valoración del riesgo nutricional.
The Effects Of Financial Performance Toward Firm Value With Ownership Structure As Moderating Variable (The Study On Manufacturing Companies Listed In Indonesia Stock Exchange In The Period Of 2012-2016)
Authors: Luthfiah Anida Amalia , Suherman Suherman
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Financial Performance toward Firm Value with Ownership Structure as Moderating Variable on Manufacturing Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in The Period of 2012-2016. Independent variable of this study is Financial Performance with Return on Assets as a proxy. Dependent variable of this study is Firm Value with Tobin's Q as a proxy. While moderating variable used in this study is a mechanism of Corporate Governance in the form of Ownership Structure with Managerial Ownership and Institutional Ownership as the proxy. Then control variable in this study are Firm Size and Leverage. The research model of this study employs panel data analysis with Fixed Effect Model approach. The empirical result shows that Financial Performance has positive significant effect on Firm Value. Managerial Ownership and Institutional Ownership can't moderate the relation between Financial Performance on Firm Value. Firm Size has negative significant effect on Firm Value. And Leverage has insignificant effect on Firm Value.
Düzenli Fiziksel Egzersizin Üniversite Öğrencilerinin İyilik Haline Etkisi
Authors: PEKÇETİN Serkan , İNAL Özgü
Published: October 2018

Amaç: Sağlıklı yaşam için düzenli
egzersizin önemi her geçen gün daha çok anlaşılmasına rağmen; teknolojik
ilerlemeler, iş yaşamı, kentleşme ve diğer faktörler insan sağlığını olumsuz
etkileyerek bireylerin egzersizden uzak kalmasına neden olmaktadır. İyilik
halinin literatürde farklı tanımları olmakla birlikte genel olarak; bireyin
sosyal ve doğal çevrede tam fonksiyonel olarak yaşaması için bedenin, zihnin ve
ruhun birleştiği, en uygun sağlık yönelimli yaşam biçimi ve iyi olma durumu
olarak tanımlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, düzenli fiziksel egzersiz yapan ve
yapmayan üniversite öğrencilerinin iyilik hali düzeylerinin
karşılaştırmaktı.  Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 18-23 yaş
arası düzenli fiziksel egzersiz yapan (Grup I) ve yapmayan (Grup II) 108 birey
değerlendirildi. Bireylerin İyilik hali düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde İyilik
Hali Yıldızı Ölçeği (İHYÖ) kullanıldı. Bulgular: Araştırmanın sonucunda,
İHYÖ’nin yaşamı anlamlandırma/hedef odaklı olma, duygusal ve fiziksel alt
boyutlarının düzenli fiziksel egzersiz yapan grup lehine istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı olduğu belirlendi (p<.05). 
Bilişsel ve sosyal alt boyutlar ile iyilik hali arasında ise gruplar
arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p>.05).

Sonuç: Araştırmanın sonuçları düzenli
fiziksel egzersizin yalnızca fiziksel iyilik hali üzerine değil aynı zamanda
bireylerin duygusal ile yaşamı anlamlandırma/hedef odaklı olma gibi farklı
alanlardaki iyilik hallerine de olumlu etkilerini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle,
düzenli fiziksel egzersiz alışkanlığının kazandırılması, üniversite
öğrencilerinin farklı alanlardaki iyilik hallerinin artmasına yol açacaktır.
Multisite Evaluation of a Custom Energy-Storing Carbon Fiber Orthosis for Patients with Residual Disability After Lower-Limb Trauma
Authors: Potter Benjamin K. , Sheu Robert G. , Stinner Daniel , Fergason John , Hsu Joseph R. , Kuhn Kevin , Owens Johnny G. , Rivera Jessica , Shawen Scott B. , Wilken Jason M. , DeSanto Jennifer , Huang Yanjie , Scharfstein Daniel O. , MacKenzie Ellen J. ,   on behalf of the METRC PRIORITI-MTF Team
Published: October 2018

Background:

The Intrepid Dynamic Exoskeletal Orthosis (IDEO) is a custom energy-storing carbon fiber ankle-foot orthosis developed for lower-extremity trauma patients. Studies conducted at the military treatment facility where the IDEO was developed demonstrated benefits of the IDEO when used with the Return to Run Physical Therapy (RTR PT) program. The current study was designed to determine if results could be replicated at other military treatment facilities and to examine whether early performance gains in patient-reported functional outcomes remained at 12 months.

Methods:

Study participants included service members who had functional deficits that interfered with daily activities at least 1 year after a traumatic unilateral lower-extremity injury at or below the knee. Participants were evaluated before receiving the IDEO, immediately following completion of RTR PT, and at 6 and 12 months. Agility, strength/power, and speed were assessed using well-established performance tests. Self-reported function was measured using the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA). The Orthotics and Prosthetics Users’ Survey was administered to assess satisfaction with the IDEO. Of 87 participants with complete baseline data, 6 did not complete any physical therapy and were excluded from the analysis. Follow-up rates immediately following completion of the RTR PT and at 6 and 12 months were 88%, 75%, and 79%, respectively.

Results:

Compared with baseline, improvement at completion of RTR PT was observed in all but 1 performance test. SMFA scores for all domains except hand and arm function were lower (improved function) at 6 and 12 months. Satisfaction with the IDEO was high following completion of RTR PT, with some attenuation at the time of follow-up.

Conclusions:

This study adds to the evidence supporting the efficacy of the IDEO coupled with RTR PT. However, despite improvement in both performance and self-reported functioning, deficits persist compared with population norms.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Morphological Character of Local Irrigated Rice on Farmer Field in North Sulawesi
Authors: Rembang Janne H.W. , Rauf Abdul W. , Sondakh Joula O.M.
Published: October 2018

Local rice is a potential germplasm as a source of genes that control important properties in rice plants. The research aimed to characterize the morphological character of local rice cultivars of North Sulawesi. The research was conducted from January to June 2015 in North Sulawesi. The method used was the descriptive qualitative method. Exploration was done by collecting samples of local rice cultivars in North Sulawesi. Each cultivar was characterized its morphological characters according to the Characterization and Evaluation Guidelines of Rice Germplasm. The local rice found in North Sulawesi were 10 varieties, namely Pulo Sawah, Superwin, CK, Serwo, Pilihan, Sako, Sito Merah, Sito Putih, TB, and Serayu. There were similarities of the characters from all local rice varieties of North Sulawesi, such as culm (culm strength and culm habit), leaf character (basal leaf sheath color, leaf blade color, collar color, and auricle color), and flower character (panicle exsertion and panicle attitude of branches). The character of grain morphology was very diverse for all local rice varieties of North Sulawesi.
Productivity and Yield Quality of Intersubspecies Crossing of Japonica-Indica
Authors: Sobrizal Sobrizal , Carkum Carkum , Indriatama Wijaya M. , Aryanti Aryanti , Dwimahyani Ita
Published: October 2018

In the middle of 1980s, rice self-sufficiency in Indonesia has been achieved, but the growth of rice production slowed down since the 1990s. Narrow genetic variability of released rice varieties contributed largely to the occurrence of leveling of potential rice yield over the past decades. To enlarge the genetic variability, an intersubspecies crossing of Koshihikari (japonica) and IR36 (indica) has been performed. Through this crossing, three high yielding and high yield quality promising lines of KI 37, KI 238, and KI 730 have been obtained. The objective of this study was to evaluate the superiorities of these lines through multi-location yield trials, pests, diseases, and grain qualities examinations. Examination methods used followed the release food crops variety procedure issued by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture. The result of examinations showed that the average yield of KI 730 was 7.47 t/ha, it was significantly higher than that of Ciherang (6,73 t/ha). KI 730 has a good grain quality, with translucent milled rice, a high percentage of milled rice (78.0%) and head rice (91.01%). The texture of its cooking rice was soft, sticky, with the amylose content of 20.41%. In addition, pests and diseases resistances of KI 730 were better than those of other lines tested. After evaluation by National Food Crops Release Variety Team, the KI 730 line was released as a national superior variety with the name of Tropiko. Tropiko should become an alternative variety to grow widely in order to increase national rice production and farmers income.
Resistance Response of Maize Germplasm to Downy Mildew [Peronosclerospora philipinensis]
Authors: Pakki Syahrir , Mappaganggang Mappaganggang
Published: October 2018

Two experiments to study responses of resistance of maize germplasm to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora philipinensis) have been conducted. Both experiments were arranged in randomized block design with two replication. The treatments in each experiment (2014 and 2016) were 70 maize accessions. The accessions were planted in planting distant of 75 cm × 20 cm, in 5 m rows, resulting in 20 plants per row. In every 10 rows, two check varieties were planted, i.e. one susceptible and one resistant variety. Ten days prior to planting, the soil was fertilized with mixed fertilizers consisted of urea, ZA, SP36, and KCl at a dose of 100, 100, 100, and 100 kg/ha, respectively. Fertilization II and III was given at 30 days after planting, and 45 days after planting with a dose of 100 kg urea/ha. As a source of inoculum downy mildew, around the repeated plot was planted with varieties Anoman variety (susceptible variety) that was inoculated with a suspension of downy mildew pathogen. Observation was conducted at 25, 35, and 55 days after planting, with the standard score of resistant to downy mildew, followed: 0–10% = resistant, 11–25% = moderately resistant, 26–50% = moderately susceptible, >50% = susceptible. The result of the experiments showed that there were 5 accessions resistant to downy mildew (P. philipinensis), i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-30-3, 664, 60, 572, and 554 with the intensity of downy mildew infection ranged from 5 to 10%. Twelve other accessions were classified as moderately resistant, i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-98-2, 440×MR4-9-98-4 CML, CML 440×MR4-9-124-1, 66, 71, 319, 108, 73, 48, 105, 554, and 682 with intensity of infection ranged from 13 to 25%. At the same experiments, the average intensity of downy mildew infection on susceptible check varieties reached 100 percent.
A Coal Seam Gas Development Evaluation Workflow
Authors: Kuznetsov Dan , Van Spaendonck Rutger , Beaney Simon
Published: October 2018

In this paper we present an example of a Coal Seam Gas field evaluation that funnels multiple realisations of the subsurface forecast for different well spacing into a simple visual tool for economic screening of the development opportunities.

The evaluation approach can be described as follows: consolidate the available data in a regional scale geological model; identify the prospective production seams and areas based on a combination of static properties; automatically populate the potential development areas with model wells of different types, completions and lateral spacing; and run the resulting multiple reservoir models in a dynamic simulator. Finally economic metrics, e.g. average gas produced per well, unit cost, or NPV, are applied to the predicted production, and the development options are compared when the metrics are plotted against the total produced gas or well count.

Application of the workflow to an actual project evaluation demonstrated its robustness for the decision making process. The area of interest is about 100 km2 and contains several coal seams, which are proposed to be developed using surface to inseam, horizontal wells. Several well layouts with different spacing between lateral wells were evaluated using multiple subsurface realisations. Proposed wells in each development option were sorted by their median (P50) of predicted produced gas volume and their economic metrics plotted against the total produced gas. If the best wells are drilled first, the economic value of the project starts eroding after a certain number of wells are drilled. This happens because each new well delivers less gas while the cost of the well doesn't reduce at the same rate. The sweet spot is being exhausted. The cloud of well metrics as a function of the number of wells drilled or total gas produced provides an efficient tool for evaluating the optimal size of the project and its economic feasibility.

Due to relatively low permeability of the coal cleat system and large area of interest, the static model had to be split spatially and by seams with the model grid being refined for dynamic simulation. Automation of this workflow made it possible to evaluate multiple development options with multiple subsurface realisations within a tight project timeframe.

The workflow provides a structured framework for selecting economically feasible development options based on the pre-defined criteria while taking into account the subsurface complexity and uncertainty.