bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experience in the Creation of Forest Plantations Using Container Seedlings
Authors:   Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Debkov Nikita M.
Published: October 2021

Intensification of forestry requires the use of modern methods of reforestation, which include the introduction of container planting material. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the survival rate and linear growth of spruce container seedlings depending on the planting site location and the agrotechnical tending. The studies were carried out at the test site located in the Tomsk district of the Tomsk region. It was found that many planting containers store not 1 seedling, but 2–4 pcs and therefore approximately the same quantity of seedlings as in the traditional planting of container planting material. It was revealed that the height of 30–35 % of seedlings fails to fulfill the standard values, which was observed, as a rule, in the planting containers with several plants. According to the autumn inventory data, the height of plantations created by planting seedlings in the furrow bottom (Kruskal-Wallis test, p = 0.0001 > 0.05) reliably differs from the height of plantations of “mound” and “untreated soil” options. In terms of height growth, the options “mound side” and “furrow” have the best performance, also significantly different from the options “mound” and “untreated soil” (Kruskal-Wallis test, p = 0.0001 > 0.05). Survival rate below 85 % was observed in the plantings of the following options: “untreated soil”, “furrow bottom”, and “mound” with agrotechnical tending. The 3-fold tending decreased the survival rate of plantations except for planting in the mound side. Thus, the most successful option of planting is planting in the mound side. For citation: Debkov N.M. Experience in the Creation of Forest Plantations Using Container Seedlings. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 5, pp. 192–200. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-192-200
Spatiotemporal Structure Features of a Pine Stand on the South Slope of the Eastern Sayan Mountain
Authors:   V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest of the Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ovchinnikova Natalya F.
Published: October 2021

Due to relatively long development and long life of forest-forming species most of the conclusions on stand dynamics are based on the data collected by indirect methods of comparative research and analysis of cenosis forming theoretically temporal and spatial succession sequences and need to be verified and clarified. The most reliable results on the stand dynamics can be received on stationary objects such as permanent sample areas. The article presents the analysis results of long-term monitoring (1968–2012) of a pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand in low-mountain Eastern Sayan on the south slope with a steepness of 7–8º. The intermittent test of morphometric indicators of trees mapped on the permanent sample area was used. It is shown that the sum of tree trunk cross-section areas at breast height (1.3 m) varied by no more than 10 % with timber reserves on the lower, central and upper equal sites of the sample area during the entire observation period. At the same time heterogeneity of ecological conditions, taking place even on a small section of a smooth slope, influences the plantation self-thinning intensity. In the 42-year-old stand density ratio at lower, central and upper sites was 1:1.5:2.1. Stand density difference along the slope had been decreasing gradually over time, although it remained around 30 % at the time of the last observation. Over the years of observation, 53, 47, and 32 % of pines on the lower, central, and upper sites, respectively, have survived. The calculated average age of the died trees showed that in all groups of natural diameter classes, there was an earlier die-off of pines at the bottom of the slope with an increase in dying age up to the slope. Trees with larger trunk diameter (first telling) died later. All this led to a rearrangement of the horizontal structure of the plantation, a decrease in the average diameter and average volume of trees up to the slope. Typical for mountain forests clinal tree distribution, which affects their morphological indicators, is important to consider when studying and modeling forest ecosystems, as well as when implementing forest management measures. For citation: Ovchinnikova N.F. Spatiotemporal Structure Features of a Pine Stand on the South Slope of the Eastern Sayan Mountains. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 5, pp. 34–47. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-34-47
Differentiation of Dust Holding Capacity of Poplar Crowns
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy, Besschetnova Natalia N. , Besschetnov Piter V.
Published: October 2021

One of the key parameters of comfort and compliance with sanitary standards for cities is dustiness of atmosphere. Plantings of representatives of the poplar genus (Populus L.) become a reliable means of optimizing this parameter. We have studied the effectiveness of using different types of poplars in urban plantings, taking into account the differentiation of crown sections by the ability to deposit dust on the surface of the leaf apparatus. The object of research is 8 species from different sections of the poplar genus, typically found in urban plantings of the Nizhny Novgorod region. We considered the influence of three independently of one another factors on the dispersion of dust holding capacity: species-specificity of poplars (8 gradations); lighting conditions of crown due to its orientation relative to the cardinal directions (4 gradations); height characteristics of the crown tier location (3 gradations). Dust was washed off from 100 leaves of each poplar species with their fixed area. The highest amount of dust in the flushes was observed for silver poplar (257.60±5.05 mg), and the lowest – for black poplar (117.69±3.65 mg) and Pópulus nígra var. itálica (105.69±2.90 mg). Oneway ANOVA confirmed the significance of differences between the species for all parameters of dust holding capacity. Three-way ANOVA showed the influence of leaf surface locations in different parts of the crown on the efficiency of dust deposition by representatives of different species. Species appeared to be the most important in the distribution of dust deposited on the leaf surface of shoots in different parts of the crown; the share of its influence was 37.65±0.51 %. The effect of crown lighting conditions was also well measurable; its share was equal to 20.45±0.28 %. The influence of the crown tier height was noticeably less; its share reached 7.19±0.21 %. The listed factors are little related to each other, and their interaction generated a negligible effect: 6.67±4.54 %, Fh2 = 1.47, significance is reliable at 5 % level (F05 = 1.41) and unreliable at 1 % level (F01 = 1.61). For citation: Besschetnova N.N., Besschetnov P.V. Differentiation of Dust Holding Capacity of Poplar Crowns. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 5, pp. 48–64. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-48-64
Species Diversity and Decorative Features of Plants Used in the Landscaping of Hanoi
Authors:   Vietnam National University of Forestry, Nguyen Thi Yen , Dang Van Ha , Parinova Tatyana A. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of studies on species diversity and decorative features of plantations in Hanoi. The relevance of this research is justified by the failure to meet the standards of landscaping in the city in accordance with global recommendations and standards. The dendroflora of central Hanoi has 304 species (including varieties and forms) belonging to 253 genera and 104 families. The leading families are Fabaceae, Arecaceae, Asteraceae, Apocynaceae, Bignoniaceae, Meliaceae, Verbenaceae, Myrtaceae, Moraceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Rosaceae, and Magnoliaceae. The Fabaceae family predominates by the the number of genera and species; and is followed by the Moraceae family. The greatest species diversity is observed among trees (151 species – 49.67 % of the total number). The most commonly used species in the urban gardening are Peltophorum pterocarpum, Delonix regia, Khaya senegalensis, Chukrasia tabularis, Ceiba pentandra, Pterocarpus macrocarpus, Hopea odorata, Dracontomelon mangiferum, Alstonia scholaris, Lagerstroemia speciosa, and Terminalia mantaly. Evergreen species predominate among plantations of Hanoi; while deciduous (including shrubs and trees) have a smaller proportion. Of 151 species of trees, 70 are classified as decorative. Shrubs and herbs are inferior to trees by the number of species (58 species each – 19.08 %). Palm trees are the least numerous – 11 species (3.62 %). The decorative features of the main species have been determined. A list of trees with 3 or more decorative features, shrubs and herbs with 2 or more decorative features was compiled. In order to create a unique urban landscape in different seasons of the year it is recommended to use the species included in this list. For citation: Nguyen Thi Yen, Dang Van Ha, Parinova T.A. Species Diversity and Decorative Features of Plants Used in Landscaping of Hanoi. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 5, pp. 65–75. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-65-75
Physical and Chemical Soil Properties of Mangrove Forests in Vietnam
Authors:   Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technology Center, Coastal Branch, Department, Phan Trong Huan , Nguyen Thi Hai Thanh , Nguyen Thi Lan , Kovyazin Vasiliy F. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Zvonareva Sofya S. ,   A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2021

Recently the area of mangrove (evergreen) forests growing along the coast of Vietnam has been significantly increased by artificial afforestation under the recognition of their ecological role and economic importance. Protection mangrove forests are the largest among all mangrove forests in Vietnam. They act as a belt to prevent coastal roads from erosion and damage due to tides, storms, and tsunamis. However, their role in coastal soil formation is still poorly studied. Soil formation in mangrove forests is influenced by many factors including the following: woody vegetation, tidal saltwater, precipitation, and mountain runoff. The ability of soil to retain water, nutrients, ions, and some other physical and chemical properties is closely related to the soil texture. Long-term monitoring of the soil texture and the content of nutrients in the soil of mangrove forests in the Dam Bay area of the Nha Trang Bay allowed us to distinguish 2 groups of soil phases: typical laterite soil in natural mangrove forests and in rhizophore plantings of 2004 and poorly developed laterite soil in cultural cenoses of 2007 and 2013 and in the littoral zone. These two groups have differences in the soil texture depending on the time of stand formation. The total amount of gravel, aleurite, and silt in the first group of soils is higher than that in the second group. The concentrations of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen content) in the soil of mangrove forests is quite high, though it gradually decreases from the soil of natural mangrove forests to the littoral zone. In order to effectively prevent erosion of soils and improve their physical and chemical properties, artificial mangrove forests should continuously be grown along the coast lines of the Nha Trang Bay in the Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam. For citation: Phan T.H., Kovyazin V.F., Zvonareva S.S., Nguyen T.H.T., Nguyen T.L. Physical and Chemical Soil Properties of Mangrove Forests in Vietnam. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 5, pp. 9–21. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-9-21
Methods of Protection Forest Soils during Logging Operations (Review)
Authors:   Northern Research Institute of Forestry, Ilintsev Aleksey S. , Nakvasina Elena N. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Högbom Lars ,   Skogforsk – The Forestry Research Institute of Sweden,   Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Published: October 2021

Public opinion has become increasingly critical of current logging methods and technologies, and there is a demand for standards to guide the operations of environmentally impactful industries. For many years, numerous researchers have studied the impact of logging on forest soils, revealing that there is a high risk of damaging forest soil during forest operations and terrain transport. Here we analyse and review a total of 105 publications in this area. This large body of work demonstrates the scientific interest that this field has attracted. Despite this, important areas of uncertainty concerning the impact of forest harvesting still remain. In particular, changes in soil conditions can affect soil properties in ways that are not well understood, with possible impacts on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils as well as the structure of the soil cover. While it is difficult to fully eliminate the negative impact of forest operations on forest soils, their adverse environmental consequences should be minimised because soil plays a vital role in tree regeneration and helps determine the productivity of future forest stands. Some of the most frequently cited measures and effective technological solutions to minimize damage to forest soils involve taking terrain and different technical solutions into account when organising logging operations. Potentially helpful technical solutions include selecting machines and mechanisms suitable for the site conditions, using larger and/or low-pressure tyres, using tyre pressure control, using anti-skid tracks, using track belts, meliorating wet areas, and using logging machinery incorporating global positioning systems and geographic information systems. Planning measures that can help minimize soil damage include choosing a suitable wood harvesting system and technology, accounting for seasonal factors when planning logging operations, planning networks of roads and trails in advance, leaving wood residues or mats on soil surface, training forest specialists, and reducing the number of machine passes over skid trails and strip roads. Despite active interest in applying sparing methods of wood harvesting, uptake of measures designed to reduce negative impacts on forest soils after logging has been limited. This may be due to a lack of scientific and technical information and the high cost of implementing best management practices. Moreover, economic factors and production plans may require wood harvesting throughout the year, irrespective of conditions. For citation: Ilintsev A.S., Nakvasina E.N., Högbom L. Methods of Protection Forest Soils during Logging Operations (Review). Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 5, pp. 92–116. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-92-116
Assessment of Learning and Development of Children Aged 4-5 Years Attending Anganwadi at Urban Field Practice Area -A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Pratik K  , Deshpande SR  , Domple VK
Published: October 2021

Background: Early childhood education (ECE) provides three hours a day education to the children of 3–6 years age group. If implemented properly, it helps children to improve their social competence with better adjustment in school. Aim was to assess learning & development of children aged 4 - 5 years at urban Anganwadi Centres based on child assessment card and objective was to compare learning & development across different domains of child assessment card between undernourished and adequately-nourished children aged 4 - 5 years. Methodology: Cross sectional study was conducted among 70 children aged 4-5 years at urban Anganwadi Centres. Scores as per domains of Child assessment card were calculated. Height- for -age was calculated. Comparison of performance between stunted and adequately nourished children was done. Data was summarized using numbers & percentages. Chi square was used as test of significance.Among 70 children, 36 (51.43%) were male. Results: For physical and motor development 16 (22.85%) had perfect score. For Sensory, perceptual and cognitive development 37 (52.86%), for language, literacy and communication 32 (45.71%), for personal-social and emotional development 10 (14.29%) and for creativity 5 (7.14%) had perfect score. Among all 70 children 30(42.8%) were found severely stunted, 21(30%) moderately stunted. Stunted children had poor performance in all five domains. Children have poorest performance in creativity domain. Conclusion: Overall, learning & development of children aged 4-5 years at Anganwadi centres are poor. Stunting significantly affects domains of physical and motor development and Sensory, perceptual & cognitive development.
Bewertungssystem für 3D-VR-Fabrikplanungssysteme/Evaluation system for 3D VR factory planning systems
Authors: Schäufler Marius , Rückel Paula , Augustin Harald
Published: October 2021

Für die digitale 3D-VR-Fabrikplanung sind unterschiedliche Soft- und Hardwaresysteme am Markt verfügbar, die teilweise erhebliche Kompatibilitätsprobleme aufweisen. Für die Bewertung der Hardwareeignung für die 3D-VR-Fabrikplanung wird ein Bewertungssystem vorgestellt, das anhand konkreter Softwareapplikationen und einem passiven 3D-Stereo-Monitor mit Head-Tracking erläutert wird. Es wird dazu auch die Notwendigkeit des Einsatzes von Software-Middleware zur Nutzungssteigerung diskutiert.

 

Different software and hardware systems are available on the market for digital 3D VR factory planning, some of which have considerable compatibility problems. For the evaluation of hardware suitability for 3D VR factory planning, an evaluation system is presented that is explained using concrete software applications and a passive 3D stereo display with head tracking. The necessity of using software middleware to enhance usage is also discussed.
Effektiv Belastung reduzieren/Effective physical stress reduction
Authors: Daub Urban , Bölke Nico , Kopp Verena , Brück Michael , Schneider Urs
Published: October 2021

Zur Beurteilung der Ergonomie eines Arbeitsplatzes stehen bereits Methoden und Werkzeuge zur Verfügung. Jedoch erschöpfen komplexere Situationen nicht nur den Bewertungsrahmen dieser Werkzeuge, sie übersteigen auch deren Möglichkeiten, eine zielführende Lösung anzubieten. In der hier vorgestellten Methode werden die zur Bewertung erhobenen Daten ins Zentrum eines systematischen Lösungsprozesses gestellt, wie an einem abschließenden Beispiel gezeigt wird.

 

Several methods and tools are already available for assessing the ergonomics of a workplace. However, situations that are more complex do not only exhaust the assessment scope of such tools but also fail to provide a goal-oriented solution. The method presented here places the data collected for assessment at the heart of a systematic solution process, as exemplified below.
All together now: Simultaneous feature integration and feature retrieval in action control
Authors: Moeller Birte , Frings Christian
Published: October 2021

Accounts of human action control assume integration of stimulus and response features at response execution and, upon repetition of some of those features, retrieval of other previously integrated features. Even though both processes contribute sequentially to observed binding effects in studies using a sequential prime-probe design, integration and retrieval processes theoretically affect human action simultaneously. That is, every action that we execute leads to bindings between features of stimuli and responses, while at the same time these features also trigger retrieval of other previously integrated features. Nevertheless, the paradigms used to measure binding effects in action control can only testify for integration of stimulus and response features at the first (R1, n-1, or prime) and retrieval of the past event via feature repetition at the second (R2, n, or probe) response. Here we combined two paradigms used in the action control literature to show that integration and retrieval do indeed function simultaneously. We found both significant stimulus-response and significant response-response binding effects, indicating that integration of responses must have occurred at the same time as response retrieval due to feature repetition and vice versa.
Unbiased post-error slowing in interference tasks: A confound and a simple solution
Authors: Derrfuss Jan , Danielmeier Claudia , Klein Tilmann A. , Fischer Adrian G. , Ullsperger Markus
Published: October 2021

We typically slow down after committing an error, an effect termed post-error slowing (PES). Traditionally, PES has been calculated by subtracting post-correct from post-error RTs. Dutilh et al. (Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 56(3), 208-216, 2012), however, showed PES values calculated in this way are potentially biased. Therefore, they proposed to compute robust PES scores by subtracting pre-error RTs from post-error RTs. Based on data from a large-scale study using the flanker task, we show that both traditional and robust PES estimates can be biased. The source of the bias are differential imbalances in the percentage of congruent vs. incongruent post-correct, pre-error, and post-error trials. Specifically, we found that post-correct, pre-error, and post-error trials were more likely to be congruent than incongruent, with the size of the imbalance depending on the trial type as well as the length of the response-stimulus interval (RSI). In our study, for trials preceded by a 700-ms RSI, the percentages of congruent trials were 62% for post-correct trials, 66% for pre-error trials, and 56% for post-error trials. Relative to unbiased estimates, these imbalances inflated traditional PES estimates by 37% (9 ms) and robust PES estimates by 42% (16 ms) when individual-participant means were calculated. When individual-participant medians were calculated, the biases were even more pronounced (40% and 50% inflation, respectively). To obtain unbiased PES scores for interference tasks, we propose to compute unweighted individual-participant means by initially calculating mean RTs for congruent and incongruent trials separately, before averaging congruent and incongruent mean RTs to calculate means for post-correct, pre-error and post-error trials.
The day-of-invitation effect on participation in web-based studies
Authors: Wolff Hans-Georg , Göritz Anja S.
Published: October 2021

Several methods have been proposed to promote participation in web-based research. Here, we examine a technique that is available at no cost: Inviting respondents per e-mail on a particular day of the week. We base our reasoning on such a day-of-invitation effect upon theories on variations in mood and work performance over the week. We conducted five experiments with large and heterogeneous samples to find out whether such effects apply for response rate (i.e., visiting the first page of a study) and retention rate (i.e., completing the study) in web-based studies. We found evidence of a small but significant day-of-invitation effect. Response rate is high at the beginning of the workweek and falls to a low on Friday. Exploratory analyses showed that this decline is higher for employed (vs. nonemployed) persons. Effects on retention rate appear to follow a less straightforward pattern. We discuss possible mechanisms that might account for the day-of-invitation effect and recommend inviting participants on Monday or Tuesday.
Against the Barriers. The Unusual Story of the Usual Yusein Mashev
Authors: Zafer Zeynep
Published: October 2021

In the context of the repressions of the Pomaks the unusual story of the miner worker Yusein Mashev from village of Ribnovo, which started in 1979 and finished in 1980, give us an idea of the time of the communist regime in Bulgaria. He succeeded to escape form the concentration camp in Belene, crossing during the night the Danube river. He was able to reach the town of Kyustendil and to cross illegally the Bulgarian – Yugoslav border. In the emigration camp in Italy he decided to depart illegally for Turkey, boarded the ship to Istanbul without documents, without any roblems he reached his acquaintances and relatives in the town of Saray, Takirdag district. After five years he turned back to Bulgaria with false identity reached Ribnovo and smuggled his wife and two children into Yugoslavia.
Yusein Mishev bravely resisted the change of the names of the Pomaks, the following repressions did not discourage him, he overcame all the barriers, caring a letter send to him in order to voice the protests in village of Kornitsa during March – April 1973. Makes important events available to the Bulgarian and world public, events which were hidden very carefully by the Bulgarian authorities. On the radio in Yugoslavia he told of the repression of innocent citizens and informed about the concentration camp in Belene, announcing the names of imprisoned in the II section Pomaks.
The aim of this research, based on field researches in Bulgaria and Turkey and many interviews, is to preserve for the history and science the unusual story of Yusein Mahev – a man of freedom loving spirit and rich vision.
Hasan Eren - from Vidin to the Peaks of Turkology
Authors: Haci Sadik
Published: October 2021

The study follows the life and scientific trajectories of the turkologist Hasan Eren from the town of Vidin, lecturer at the University of Ankara, editor and author of various dictionaries, including the first etymological dictionary of the Turkish language. It traces the preparation and growth of the world-famous Turkish linguist and lexicologist, who left Bulgaria to study and after his exceptional training among Hungarian orientalists such as Gyula Németh he grew up as one of the most famous Turkish scholars in the field of llinguistics.
This study presents the conditions and possibilities for Turkish intelligentsia in Bulgaria in the twentieth century.
Danilo Kish's Fictional Self аnd the Father's Figure („Garden. Ashes“ and „Hourglass“)
Authors: Kostova – Panayotova Magdalena
Published: October 2021

The article examines two novels from the trilogy of Danilo Kish ("Early Care", "Garden, ashes" and the Hourglass) - a writer and essayist, the descendant of a Hungarian Jew and a Montenegrin mother. Both in his novels and in his essays and short stories, the centre of many cultures and identities, a follower of Kafka, Joyce, the Tick and whose main themes always carry the shade of nostalgia, the marks of the vanished world, which is experienced as the only thing dear to the artist. The theme of the disappearing world of Hungarian Jews is told from three different points of view in the trilogy. For the unfortified Self in the trilogy, the disappearance of the father is connected with the wavering of the identity, with the search for grounds for the very existence. From the narration of horror, the apocalyptic crack of life and meaning, the lurking death that transcends everything because it is finality. But amid the devastation and doubt of the written word, there remains the hope that the story provokes the reader, outlining the space and giving meaning to pain, sacrifice and death.
The great social experiment: when dreams did not turn into reality
Authors: Aroshidze Marine , Aroshidze Nino
Published: October 2021

The great social experiment in building socialism, which was supposed to develop into communism, was based on a number of attractive political myths, for the creation of which a special symbolic universe was created, a wide range of various sign systems were involved, among which language played the most important role: as a means of creating a political myth and the means of its constant feeding (the myth-making function of the language). This allowed (in conjunction with other means of subjugating the totalitarian state) for a long period to manipulate the consciousness of the masses, educating the younger generation in the given ideological framework.
However, being the most important means of creating myths, language at the same time has enormous potential for its destruction. An analysis of texts criticizing the political ideology prevailing in the Soviet empire allowed us to single out two main types of myth-destroying texts: 1) texts criticizing the existing order (anecdotes, caricatures, parodies, political fables, etc.) and 2) texts that destroy the “information vacuum» (photographic documents, archival documents, autobiographies, etc.). The artistic works of dissidents of socialist ideology (Vladimir Vysotsky, Nikolai Guberman, Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Mikhail Bulgakov, etc.), which often combined both functions, had a special appellative-influencing force.
Analysis of the role of language in the creation of myth as a socio-cultural phenomenon on the example of the myths of the Soviet era in the context of modern globalization of knowledge and the interdisciplinary scientific paradigm demonstrated the semiotic mechanism of myth creation and the dynamics of their destruction.
Discourse on Europe and the European Identity of Albanians
Authors: Kodhel Elona , Rusi Eris
Published: October 2021

Political discourse on Europe and EU integration in the Albanian social and political reality has played an important role in all its continuity and evolution from the 1990s until today. It has been used by various political actors as one of the main instruments aimed at informing, propagating and communicating with the broad masses of the electorate and citizens. Discourse on Europe is also discourse as a form of thinking about identity, because all the values, beliefs and ideas it adheres to also determine how Albanian citizens see themselves in relation to the past, the present and the design of their future. The idea of Europe and the European identity of Albanians is not late among Albanians, which is articulated only from the 1990s onwards. On the contrary, the most common point of view considers the Albanian people with an early inherited European identity and also related with the geographical determination, which was lost as a result of historical fates and finally in an attempt to regain it. All this contributes to the further consolidation of an ideology of "deserved" integration in Europe, part of which we have been and must necessarily be. Therefore, this paper aims to analyse the Albanian political discourse focused on Europe as an idea and the attempt to transform the discourse for Europe, in an ideological hegemonic discourse. It aims to discuss whether Europe and EU integration has become the main hallmark of Albanian political discourse given the importance it takes in explaining, defining and justifying issues, actions and events in general.
You Can’t Say Something New in the Science if You don’t Disturb the Old: it is not Possible Only to Build over. A Conversation with Prof. Rusi Rusev (1948 - 2010)
Authors: Rusev Rusi
Published: October 2021

As one of the first lecturers at the South-West Univeristy ‘Neofit Rilski’ – Blagoevgrad, Russi Russev relates his memories about the experience as assistant professor when he started his career in the late 1970-es leading student’s agricultural brigades which were compulsory part of the academic education. He describes also his struggle for more research independency against the prescribed Pavlov’s paradigm in the socialist sport science at that time as well as the opposition he had to overcome as young scientist for scientific recognition of his innovative research of coordination skills.
Shared Histories and Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Southeastern Europe – Festschrift for Karl Kaser
Authors: Angelova Milena
Published: October 2021

Review of the volume “From the Highlands to Hollywood. Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Southeastern Europe” – dedicated to the academic achievements of Karl Kaser and to the 50th anniversary of Southeast European History and Anthropology (SEEHA) at the University of Graz.
Bulgarian Protestants and the Czech Village of Voyvodovo. A Review
Authors: Maruškinová Katarína
Published: October 2021

Review of the book Budilová, Lenka J., Jakoubek, Marek: Bulgarian Protestants and the Czech Village of Voyvodovo. Sofia: New Bulgarian University, 2017.
A contribution to multilingualism in Europe
Authors: Mihailova Antoaneta
Published: October 2021

The text presents a collection of 19 articles in Italian, German and Polish by researchers from different countries, published in 2020 under the editorship of Martin Henzelmann, Christoph Oliver Mayer and Gianluca Olcese as a result of an international conference in Dresden entitled “Italy - Poland: Cultural Transfer in a European Context”. The in-depth analysis of the scholars on the problems in the four sections of the collection gives grounds to the author of the review to include the publication among the contributions to the promotion of multilingualism in Europe.
Monumental Memorialization of Political Violence in Bulgaria (1944 – 1989): beyond Traumatization, Contestation and Dangerization of Memory
Authors: Voskresenski Valentin
Published: October 2021

The article examines monumental memorialization of political violence in the period of communism in Bulgaria. The text reviews contemporary research presenting the topic of transitional justice, formation of victim’s identities and as part of post-communist cultural memory. A research is made of three theoretical approaches to understanding monumental memorialization – through traumatization, contestation or dangerization of memory and the social functions and meanings stemming from them. The analytical part represents a case study from Bulgaria, using ample empirical material – interviews, archive materials and other sources, part of a larger research by the author. Comparative analysis is used for description of national idiosyncrasies which is used as a basis to present their variants, temporal and spatial aspects. Social functions, political uses, interpretations, their use for reconstruction of national past and formation of national identity. A separate part of the text examines the initiators of these memorial signs – social actors, nongovernmental organizations and political parties, on which the degree of institutionalization and politization of this memory depends, as well as their use for far right radicalization. The text tracks the change of memorial landscapes and the major spatial trajectories (logics) of this post-communist topography of terror, as well as the symbolism embodied in it, combining political, traditional and religious meanings.
Let's Talk with Good!
Authors: Pavlova Mihaylina , Meshulam Dolores
Published: October 2021

Review of the book “Chronicle of the Jews of Dupnitsa” by Yavor Todorov.
Dr Vladimir Kalaydzhiev or the Embodiment of Modernity
Authors: Georgiev Mincho , Kassabova Anelia
Published: October 2021

The text attempts an experimental “double reading” of a significant figure in the history of Bulgarian health care – Dr. Vladimir Kalaydzhiev, initiator and organiser of a large-scale public health care reform in Bulgaria in the 1960s. The authors' different approaches make it possible, on the one hand, to interpret the specifics of the health reform and the reasons for its (partial) repeal in the context of synchronous developments in Europe and controversial, on the other hand, to contraversially offer a diachronic analysis with basic characteristics of the "Catholic West" and the "Orthodox socialist East".
Verbal Manipulation in Political Discourse: Metaphors, Clichés, Emotions and Symbols in F. Tuđman’s Speeches During Wartime Period 1990-1995
Authors: Kubišová Dominika
Published: October 2021

This article examines verbal manipulation used in the public speeches of Croatian president Franjo Tuđman between the years 1990-1995 in the beginning of Breakup of Yugoslavia and during the Croatian War of Independence. He had to lead his country through turbulent period of changes and conflicts, and he had to persuade the nation and the international community to believe in his plans and his vision. This analysis presupposes that language is intentionally used instrument, not a random group of words and it is important and interesting to have a closer look on what the leaders are saying. Speechwriting is a specific process of creating a speech tailored to given audience because only then it will serve its purpose of persuasion. The speaker must know to whom and at what occasion he or she is talking to and adapt accordingly. For this thesis, four types of verbal manipulation – metaphors, clichés/stereotypes, emotions, and symbols – used by the president are analysed because they have vast manipulative potential. All of them are put into the context of the events happening around the time they were delivered. Direct excerpts from Tuđman’s speeches are provided as an example of this phenomenon with an attempt to explain their manipulative potential.
„One Day he Will Find me and Save me”. The Dream for Prince Known from the Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault and Brothers Grimm and the Accompanying Illustrations
Authors: Gadjeva Katerina
Published: October 2021

Magic stories are extremely difficult to analyze, as they have both folklore (oral) and literary (written) existence, they are oriented towards the little ones, but at the same time they send messages to the adults and last but not least – they are almost always accompanied by illustrations, which further complicate and expand the meaning of the written. Artists become "translators" who have to adapt the content to the specific needs of the particular audience and the peculiarities of its time. Millions of children around the world have shaped their understanding of the roles of man and woman and the relationship between gender and behavior based on the well-known stories of ordinary girls rescued by princes, unusually appeared in their lives. This article will analyze the verbal and pictorial representation of the main characters in two of the most famous fairytales – "Cinderella" and "The Sleeping Beauty". The aim is to highlight certain patterns that have an important contribution to the formation of gender stereotypes in children and their dreams of happy and successful life.
“THE PERIPHERY – THE PLACE THAT REVEALS THE FUTURE” (BETWEEN THE EAST AND THE WEST – BOUNDARIES AND IDENTITIES)
Authors: KOSTOVA-PANAYOTOVA Magdalena
Published: October 2021

The study was inspired by several key ideas essential to the contemporary literary situation – times of testing literary studies, when outside the debate on the sustainability and content of the established forms of literary research, the constant subordination of culture in its entirety to the market laws is associated with the perpetual encroachment on the humanities and with the implicitly declining importance of literature as a cultural phenomenon. We share the idea that the cultures that stay isolated wither away, the cultures that remain confined within themselves deform, and only those cultures that maintain the balance of borrowing and lending tend to be healthy and thriving; hence the insistence on the interaction between the different cultures on the basis of equality and mutual respect. The discussed literary works pose the questions whether multiculturalism is a positive element of modern cosmopolitanism, whether it unites races and cultures in the idea of the hybrid man or it
s simply a social propaganda that reinforces the stereotypes about otherness and perpetuates racism, etc. Probably what also unites the characters here is the feeling of loss, as well as the shared grief. Addressing the personal heartache, they talk about things that are universal and continue to move people. The common thing to the two types of culture and the studied works is derived from Homi Bhabha’s idea that both the stories created in the Balkans and the narratives of the cross-cultural writers are part of that model of cultures capable of turning their own marginality into a kind of center.
"BALKAN COMEDY" BY BORYU ZEVZEKA - ASPECTS OF THE COMIC
Authors: HADJIKOSEV Roman
Published: October 2021

The article presents a little-known Bulgarian literary work, the play "Balkan Comedy" by Boris Rumenov (Boryu Zevzeka). It was written during the Balkan Wars (1912-1918) and presents the relations between the Balkan states at that time in an allegorical way. The play is the most popular work of Boris Rumenov, who, before and after the wars, was the editor-in-chief of one of the most successful humorous newspapers in Bulgaria called "Drum". He and Stoyan Shakle, one of Rumenov’s closest friends, who wrote for the newspaper, founded a touring theater. They performed all over the country for years and the most popular play was "Balkan Comedy". During the First World War, the play was performed on all fronts of the Bulgarian army, usually by amateur actors, and it generated incredible enthusiasm and patriotic inspiration, thus enjoying a huge success. "Balkan Comedy" was an essential part of the theatrical performances, which also included songs, sketches, recitations and other popular forms of entertainment. As it reflected the actual historical events, the play was presented in its first three acts until 1918, and after the end of the war, the author added a fourth act, which, however, had a different emphasis from the end of the third one.
KO MPETENCJE SŁOWOTWÓRCZE POLSKICH DZIECI DWUJĘZYCZNYCH MIESZKAJĄCYCH W IRLANDII(NA PRZYKŁADZIE NAZW OSOBOWYCH ŻEŃSKICH)
Authors: SIUDZIŃSKA Natalia
Published: October 2021

The complexity of word-formation in Slavic languages, especially in the Polish language, makes it very difficult for Polish speaking children and bilingual children to learn, especially when the second language is not Slavic.
In this article I would like to concentrate on the linguistic problems in the context of learning word-formation by bilingual children aged 5-9 who live in Ireland and who learn Polish and English at the same time. I would like to juxtapose their level of word formation competence with those children who are Polish language speakers living in Poland and who are in the same age group (5-9). The research described below concerns the category of feminine gender words. The linguistic data used for the description were collected during the fieldwork research carried out with the group of thirty bilingual children. The results of the research allowed to establish the differences in the linguistic development of monolingual and bilingual children and to indicate the factors that determine the acquisition of word-formation competences. This type of research will help teachers and other specialists (psychologists, speech therapists) working with such children to better assess the language skills of bilingual children. They also allow to estimate the scale of difficulties that Polish children returning from emigration will encounter.
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Canva untuk Desain Grafis dan Promosi Produk pada Sekolah Islami berbasis Kewirausahaan
Authors: Poerna Wardhanie Ayouvi , Fahminnansih Fenty , Rahmawati Endra
Published: October 2021

Pesatnya dunia digital saat ini, tentunya sangat berimbas pada segala bidang kehidupan masyarakat, contohnya saja dalam bidang pendidikan dan bisnis. Semua hal yang tadinya dilakukan secara offline kini berubah menjadi online, begitu juga kompetensi yang harus dimiliki oleh seorang guru dalam memberikan pembelajaran pada siswa di kelas. Roudlotul Banat sebagai sekolah islami berbasis kewirausahaan sangat menyadari bahwa peningkatan ketrampilan guru dalam hal desain grafis dan promosi produk dengan menggunakan aplikasi yang sedang trend saat ini sangatlah penting. Oleh sebab itu, pada kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat ini akan dilakukan pelatihan yang bertajuk Pemanfataan Aplikasi Canva untuk Desain Grafis dan Promosi Produk Pada Sekolah Islami Berbasis Kewirausahaan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah evaluasi pelatihan dalam penggunaan aplikasi desain online Canva, yang akan disebar melalui kuesioner kepada para guru peserta pelatihan. Hasil kuesioner menyebutkan bahwa pelatihan ini dapat menambah wawasan baru dan meningkatkan ketrampilan/kreativitas dalam mengembangkan materi pembelajaran di kelas.
HEALTH INSURANCE AWARENESS AMONG THE CUSTOMERS - A STUDY IN UDUMALPET, TIRUPPUR DISTRICT
Authors:   Department of Commerce, Vidyasagar College of Arts and Science Udumalpet -  642126, LEYAKATH ALI Dr. M , SUNDAR Dr. R ,   Assistant Professor, PG and Research Department of Commerce, Government Arts College, Udumalpet - 642126, USHARANI Mrs. C ,   Research Scholar, PG and Research Department of Commerce, Government Arts College, Udumalpet - 642126
Published: October 2021

Health care has become very much concern to each individual and the family too. Health care in the Easter years has been a house hold, where consumption of food itself was thought of as a health care, however, handy medicines were available in the home to take care of simple and manageable illness, for severe sickness people used to go the doctors for treatment, as of now food habit among the people is changing, most prefer to take fast foods, packed foods, etc, which are harmful to the health of the people, this often leads to sickness which are very much costly some sickness needs hospitalization, some with intensive care, etc. Mushroom growth of medical clinics, hospitals and dispensaries is being seen in today's' scenario. Growing demand for modern medical care, brought on by a rapidly, expanding population, rising literacy levels, and technological advancement lead to high expectation from the health services. This has shifted demand in favour of health care
Von der Liebestragödie zur Tragödie der Liebe: Jean Racines Phèdre
Authors: Steigerwald Jörn
Published: October 2021

From Love Tragedy to the Tragedy of Love: Jean Racine’s Phèdre The article focuses on Jean Racine’s last secular tragedy Phèdre and argues that the drama is based, on the one hand, on the French concept of love tragedy, established in the 1630s and reconfigured in the 1650s as a gallant tragedy. On the other hand, Racine radicalises this dramatic concept and fulfils it by combining different models of this dramatic concept in one tragedy. Instead of a modern gallant love tragedy, like Nicolas Pradon’s Phèdre et Hippolyte, Racine stages a tragedy of love that ends with the decline of two (royal) families, produced by the revenge of the goddess of love, Venus. According to this, Phèdre is not an exemplary tragedy of French classicism but rather a radical endpoint of French tragedy in the 17th century.
Die Begriffsfeier
Authors: Mohagheghi Yashar
Published: October 2021

The Celebration of Concepts. On the Homology of Festival and Hymn in Hölderlin and in the French Revolution The present contribution aims to show that Hölderlin’s Tübingen hymns from 1790 to 1794 are influenced by the festivals of the French Revolution and its hymns. The Revolutionary festivals are staged as epochal rites of passage seeking to enact the turn towards a new age. Hölderlin’s hymns follow the dramaturgy of the festivities and thus represent a festive poetics. The homology of festival and hymn, typical of the period, conditioned their convergence in the political movement of the eighteenth century. Self-expression through joy serves the bourgeois self-assertion; it is reflected both in a new, self-referential festival type and in the release of the movere principle in literature. Against this background, the solemnity inherent in the hymn becomes topical, and in the context of the republican emotional culture, hymnal enthusiasm serves as self-affirmation. The movement of language and emotion that has been inherent in the hymn since Klopstock thus gains political valence and makes it the ideal genre for staging the movement of awakening and departure. In the late, post-revolutionary hymns the festival is a commemorative ritual recurrently executing the temporal transition in the historical present.