bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERILAKU REMAJA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN ORTODONTI CEKAT PADA SISWA SMA DON BOSCO PADANG
Authors: Maykeza Addientya , Machmud Rizanda , Lendrawati Lendrawati
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, the shifting of fixed orthodontic function becomes a lifestyle is more popular than before. The study is purpose to determine a relationship between teenager behaviour (knowledge, attitudes, and action) to fixed orthodontic appliance.This study using cross sectional study design. The sample was a high school students of Don Bosco Padang, Sumatera Barat. The number of samples are 90 people, that chosen by proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The data was collected by using a questionnaire to measure the level of knowledge, attitude and action. Data analysis using Chi-Square test. The result showed there was no significant relationship between teenager knowledge, attitude, and action with fixed orthodontic application in high school students of Don Bosco Padang. The conclusion from this study is that most of high school students of Don Bosco Padang have a high knowledge, positive attitude, and good action about fixed orthodontic treatment
MANIFESTASI ORAL PADA PASIEN TERINFEKSI VIRUS HIV/AIDS
Authors: Ramayanti Sri
Published: December 2021

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic is increasing all over the world. The first AIDS case in Indonesia was found in 1987 in Bali, but the spread of HIV in Indonesia increased after 1995. Based on data from the Ministry of Health until the year 2012 as many as 21 511 cases of HIV and AIDS as many as 5,686 people and the number of patients who died as many as 1,146 people. This literature study aims to describe the oral manifestations in HIV-infected patients and its management. Oral lesions are most commonly found in HIV-infected patients is candidiasis. Other oral lesions that might be found that necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, linear gingival erythema, hairy leukoplakia, Kaposi's sarcoma, herpes simplex virus infections, Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers, Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), Citomegalo Virus (CMV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Condyloma Akumilatum, Lymphoma Non-Hodgkins B-cell and squamous cell carcinoma, and Sarcoma Kapossi. The best management is through preventive measures and oral routine exam to maintain oral health and achieve a better quality of life.
Efektifitas Penggunaan Inverted Labial Bow pada Maloklusi Kelas III Skeletal (Laporan Kasus)
Authors: Yohana Nelvi , Bahirah Siti
Published: December 2021

The prevalence of Class III malocclusion in the Asian population is between 9% to 19%. Early treatment for Class III malocclusion can be done with some modified intervention on the growth stage. The inverted labial bow appliance was applied on Class III malocclusion patient in growth period show an effective result. The study showed the effectiveness of inverted labial bow appliance on Class III malocclusion. A 9 years 4 months old girl patient came with unaesthetic problem. Lateral cephalometric examination revealed a skeletal Class III malocclusion (ANB -1°, Wits appraisal -8 mm). Removable orthodontic appliance with inverted labial bow and expansion screw was applied on the maxilla of this patient. The treatment was carried out for 9 months. The result of this treatment was skeletal Class I (ANB 2°, Wits appraisal -4 mm). This procedure was simple and effective to correct the skeletal Class III malocclusion on growth stage patient.
RANCANGAN PODCAST “SAPA PENGHAYAT” DALAM RANGKA MEMPERKENALKAN KERAGAMAN KEPERCAYAAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Dirgantara Pradipta , Mahestu Gayes , K Abdul Fadli , Dianita Indria Angga
Published: December 2021

Majelis Luhur Kepercayaan Terhadap Tuhan Yang Maha Esa merupakan wadah tunggal bagi penghayat kepercayaan dan Masyarakat Adat di Indonesia. Pada 2021 terdapat sekitar 178 Organisasi Kepercayaan dan Masyarakat Adat yang terdata secara resmi oleh pemerintah. Namun begitu, konstruksi media yang mengasosiasikan mistik dan klenik dengan atribut yang seringkali digunakan oleh masyarakat kepercayaan seperti pakaian adat, sesajen, ritual dan lainnya yang menjelma sebagai stigma di masyarakat. ‘Sapa Penghayat’ kemudian menjadi salah satu program siniar yang digagas sebagai kanal diskusi ringan terkait Apa, Siapa, Mengapa Bagaimana kegiatan dan ajarannya. Siniar ini diharapkan menjadi sumber data, informasi, dan konfirmasi resmi terkait kesimpangsiuran yang beredar di masyarakat. Tim pengabdian masyarakat Prodi Ilmu Komunikasi Telkom University membantu mempertajam konsep “Sapa Penghayat” dan pembuatan teknis serta realisasi pembuatan bumper. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei – September 2021 melalui via Zoom dengan sistem rekaman, untuk kemudian dilakukan penyuntingan dan tayang pada tanggal yang ditentukan
HUBUNGAN ANTARA DEPRESI DAN MEROKOK PADA SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DI JAKARTA
Authors: Casey Anthea , Uinarni Herlina , Suryani Eva , Agus Dharmady
Published: December 2021

Latar Belakang: Jumlah remaja yang depresi dan merokok di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan yang cukup tajam. Literatur-literatur menunjukkan bahwa remaja yang merokok memiliki kemungkinan lebih tinggi untuk mengalami depresi dan remaja yang depresi memiliki kemungkinan lebih tinggi untuk merokok.

Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara depresi dan merokok pada siswa SMPN 273.

Metode: Penelitian analitik cross-sectional ini dilakukan di SMPN 273, Jakarta Pusat. Responden adalah 407 siswa SMPN 273 kelas 7, 8, dan 9 (47.9% siswa laki-laki dan 52.1% siswa perempuan) yang mengisi kuesioner depresi dan merokok. Depresi dinilai dengan menggunakan kuesioner BDI-II yang telah divalidasi ke dalam bahasa Indonesia, sedangkan merokok dinilai dengan satu pertanyaan yang membagi responden menjadi 4 kelompok yaitu perokok setiap hari, perokok kadang-kadang, mantan perokok, dan bukan perokok.

Hasil: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara depresi dan merokok pada siswa SMPN 273 (p = 0.000, OR = 2.502). Dari 30.2% siswa yang mengalami depresi, 2.5% siswa adalah perokok setiap hari, 5.4% siswa adalah perokok kadang-kadang, 10.8% siswa adalah mantan perokok, dan 11.5% siswa adalah bukan perokok.

Kesimpulan: Depresi meningkatkan risiko remaja untuk merokok sebesar 2.5 kali. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pencegahan merokok pada remaja perlu disertai dengan pencegahan dan tatalaksana terhadap depresi.
Persona y naturaleza humana en la sociedad tecnológica. Un análisis desde un punto de vista existencial
Authors: Rodríguez Valls Francisco
Published: December 2021

¿Tiene la vida humana un significado objetivo que le marque inexorablemente unos fines únicos que cumplir? ¿Tiene, más bien, uno subjetivo ya que el ser humano elige libremente sus fines y dispone creativamente de los medios para alcanzarlos? ¿Quizás su sentido es la necesidad de su búsqueda y, si no se encuentra, surge la posibilidad del fracaso existencial ante la ausencia de una finalidad por la que vivir? La aportación que realiza el presente artículo consiste en profundizar en la última opción, dentro del marco de la sociedad tecnológica, para que se manifieste como una posibilidad a la misma altura filosófica de las otras dos.
Naturaleza humana y derechos posthumanos
Authors: Gaitán Leandro
Published: December 2021

El propósito del artículo es justificar la crítica de Francis Fukuyama a la concepción bioliberal del ser humano y a su propuesta de modificarlo (mejorarlo) tecnológicamente para convertirlo en un posthumano (con las consecuencias que ello acarrea, especialmente en lo concerniente a la posible convivencia entre humanos y posthumanos). Fukuyama fue, en efecto, una de las primeras y más resonantes voces que se pronunció en contra de la utopía bioliberal. Eso le convirtió en blanco de numerosas críticas. El presente trabajo se enfoca en los dos argumentos que, a mi juicio, mejor sintetizan la diversidad de objeciones lanzadas contra Fukuyama, e intenta demostrar que ninguno de ellos logra desmontar su crítica. Consiguientemente, sugiere que las tesis de Fukuyama sobre el tema continúan vigentes (al menos en sus postulados fundamentales) y que ameritan ulteriores análisis y desarrollos.
КОМПЛЕКСНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РАННЕАЛАНСКИХ ЗАХОРОНЕНИЙ IV в. н. э. В СЕВЕРНОЙ ОСЕТИИ
Authors: Д.С. Коробов , В.Ю. Малашев , Й. Фассбиндер
Published: December 2021

В работе публикуются два новых комплекса с катакомбными захоронениями под курганными насыпями, исследованные в 2019 г. в Моздокском р-не РСО-Алания на курганном некрополе «Киевский I». Коллективом разработан ряд методических приемов по выявлению и локализации подкурганных катакомб на материалах архивной аэрофотосъемки и космоснимков, а также последующего магнитометрического обследования, позволяющего выявить погребальные ровики и захоронения в катакомбах. Проведенные археологические раскопки по результатам геофизических изысканий позволили исследовать две подкурганные катакомбы и одно захоронение в яме. Раскопанные захоронения датируются в рамках второй и третьей четвертей IV в. н. э. и хорошо вписываются в контекст известных на сегодняшний день погребений раннего этапа аланской культуры Среднего Терека, образующих своеобразный локальный вариант древностей алан II–IV вв. н. э.

The paper publishes two new assemblages with Catacomb burials covered with kurgans which were excavated in the Kievskiy I kurgan cemetery in the Mozdok district, the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania in 2019. The team developed a number of methodological guidelines aimed at discovering and localizing catacombs covered with kurgan mounds using archival aerial photos and space images as well as subsequent magnetometry survey that helps identify burial ditches and catacomb graves. Archaeological excavations based on geophysical surveys offered an opportunity to examine two catacombs covered with kurgans and one pit burial. The excavated burials date back to the period between the second and the third quarter of the 4th century. This fits well the context of currently known burials of the early stage of the Alan culture in the Middle Terek region that form a distinctive local variant of the antiquities attributed to the Alans of the 2nd–4th centuries AD.
On General Approach and Methods of Vessels’ Shapes Systemic Study
Authors: Ю.Б. Цетлин
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to further development of historical-and-cultural approach and methods of earthenware vessels study. A.A. Bobrinsky laid the principles of the approach and respective methods in several articles (Bobrinsky, 1986, 1988a, b, 1991). Three main stages of vessel shapes study are expounded in the article: preparatory, analytical and interpretation stages. The main attention is paid to the analytical stage. It is assumed that content of the interpretation stage will be expounded in a special article based on specific ethnographic and archeological materials. Within framework of analytical stage of vessel shapes study 5 levels of analysis are considered successively: I – analysis of general proportionality (GP) of vessel forms; II – analysis of vessel shapes’ natural structure; III – analysis of extent of functional parts’ maturity; IV – analysis of vessel shapes’ elementary structure; V – analysis of vessel shapes’ curved line (“covers”). Various aspects of potters’ cultural traditions in the sphere of certain vessel shapes creation are analyzed at all levels. At the same time the deeper is the level of shapes analysis, the more detailed cultural peculiarities of population and potters are discovered and fixed. Every level of analysis can be applied to any of 7 functional parts that form the natural structure of specific vessels. It should be emphasized that in this article an extent of functional parts’ maturity is analyzed in considerably greater detail than it was done earlier. Some rules of vessel shapes comparative analysis are expounded in the concluding section. Such analysis is performed pursuant to research tasks in two directions: in direction of certain potters’ individual skills and in direction of cultural traditions of human collectives. In the latter case an extent of cultural homogeneity of collective traditions is fixed. Infraction of the pottery traditions may be related to cultural infiltration (which brings about the beginning of mixture process), to different stages of cultural integration (which means development of mixture process) and to cultural assimilation (the mixture process completion).
Co/Ba/La2O3 catalyst for ammonia synthesis under mild reaction conditions
Authors: Nagaoka Katsutoshi , Miyahara Shin-ichiro , Sato Katsutoshi , Ogura Yuta , Tsujimaru Kotoko , Wada Yuichiro , Toriyama Takaaki , Yamamoto Tomokazu , Matsumura Syo , Inazu Koji
Published: December 2021

Ruthenium catalysts may allow realization of renewable energy–based ammonia synthesis processes using mild reaction conditions (<400 °C, <10 MPa). However, ruthenium is relatively rare and therefore expensive. Here, we report a Co nanoparticle catalyst loaded on a basic Ba/La2O3 support and pre-reduced at 700 °C (Co/Ba/La2O3_700red) that showed higher ammonia synthesis activity at 350 °C and 1.0–3.0 MPa than two benchmark Ru catalysts, Cs+/Ru/MgO and Ru/CeO2. The synthesis rate of the catalyst at 350 °C and 1.0 MPa (19.3 mmol h−1g−1) was 8.0 times that of Co/Ba/La2O3_500red and 6.9 times that of Co/La2O3_700red. The catalyst showed activity at temperatures down to 200 °C. High-temperature reduction induced formation of a BaO-La2O3 nano-fraction around the Co nanoparticles, which increased turnover frequency, inhibited Co nanoparticle sintering, and suppressed ammonia poisoning. These strategies may also be appliable to nickel catalysts.
Facile Polyolefin Plastics Hydrogenolysis Catalyzed by a Surface Electrophilic d0 Hydride
Authors: Mason Alexander H. , Motta Alessandro , Das Anusheela , Ma Qing , Bedzyk Michael J. , Kratish Yosi , Marks Tobin
Published: December 2021

Polyolefins comprise a major fraction of single-use plastics and yet their catalytic deconstruction/recycling has proven challenging due to their inert hydrocarbon connectivities. Here an electrophilic earth-abundant single-site organozirconium catalyst chemisorbed on a highly Brønsted acidic support and characterized by a broad array of experimental and theoretical techniques, is shown to mediate the rapid hydrogenolytic cleavage of molecular and macromolecular saturated hydrocarbons under mild conditions. For n-hexadecane, hydrogenolysis to light hydrocarbons proceeds with an activity of 690 mol n-hexadecane · mol Zr-1 · h-1 at 150°C/2.5 atm H2 pressure. Under similar solventless conditions, polyethylene, polyethylene-co- 1-octene, isotactic polypropylene, and a post-consumer sandwich bag are rapidly hydrogenolyzed to low molecular mass hydrocarbons via a turnover-limiting C-C scission pathway involving ßalkyl transfer rather than more common σ-bond metathesis.
Clustering and Halogen Effects Enabled Red/Near-Infrared Room Temperature Phosphorescence from Aliphatic Cyclic Imides
Authors: Zhu Tianwen , Yang Tianjia , Zhang Qiang , Yuan Wang Zhang
Published: December 2021

Pure organics with room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are urgently demanded in advanced optoelectronic and bioelectronic applications. However, currently reported phosphors are mostly aromatics and restricted to blue to orange colors. It remains an enormous challenge to achieve red and near-infrared (NIR) RTP, particularly for those from nonaromatics. Here we demonstrate a series of cyclic imides derived from succinimide, which can emit red (665, 690 nm) and even NIR (745 nm) RTP with outstanding efficiencies of up to 9.2%, despite their rather limited molecular conjugations. Such unique emission should be ascribed to the presence of the imide unit and heavy atoms, effective molecular clustering, and the electron delocalization of halogens, which not only greatly facilitate intersystem crossing, but also afford significantly extended through-space conjugation and rigidified conformations. These results pave the way to the rational construction of red and NIR nonconventional luminophores through synergistic clustering and halogen effects.
The pH-dependent Swelling of Weak Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels Modeled at Different Levels of Resolution
Authors: Landsgesell Jonas , Beyer David , Hebbeker Pascal , Košovan Peter , Holm Christian
Published: December 2021

The swelling of polyelectrolyte hydrogels has been often explained using simple models derived from the Flory-Rehner model. While these models qualitatively predict the experimentally observed trends, they also introduce strong approximations and neglect some important contributions. Consequently, they sometimes incorrectly ascribe the observed trends to contributions which are of minor importance under the given conditions. In this work, we investigate the swelling properties of weak (pH-responsive) polyelectrolyte gels at various pH and salt concentrations, using a hierarchy of models, gradually introducing various approximations. For the first time, we introduce a three-dimensional particle-based model which accounts for the topology of the hydrogel network, for electrostatic interactions between gel segments and small ions and for acid-base equilibrium coupled to the Donnan partitioning of small ions. This model is the most accurate one, therefore, we use it as a reference when assessing the effect of various approximations. As the first approximation, we introduce the affine deformation, which allows us to replace the network of many chains by a single chain, while retaining the particle-based representation. In the next step, we use the mean-field approximation to replace particles by density fields, combining the Poisson-Boltzmann equation with elastic stretching of the chain. Finally, we introduce an ideal gel model by neglecting the electrostatics while retaining all other features of the previous model. Comparing predictions from all four models allows us to understand which contributions dominate at high or low pH or salt concentrations. We observe that the field-based models overestimate the ionization degree of the gel because they underestimate the electrostatic interactions. Nevertheless, a cancellation of effects on the electrostatic interactions and Donnan partitioning causes that both particle-based and field-based models consistently predict the swelling of the gels as a function of pH and salt concentration. Thus, we can conclude that any of the employed models can rationalize the known experimental trends in gel swelling, however, only the particle-based models fully account for the true effects causing these trends. The full understanding of differences between various models is important when interpreting experimental results in the framework of existing theories and for ascribing the observed trends to particular contributions, such as the Donnan partitioning of ions, osmotic pressure or electrostatic interactions.
DrugEx v3: Scaffold-Constrained Drug Design with Graph Transformer-based Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Liu Xuhan , Ye Kai , van Vlijmen Herman W. T. , IJzerman Adriaan P. , van Westen Gerard J. P.
Published: December 2021

Due to the large drug-like chemical space available to search for feasible drug-like molecules, rational drug design often starts from specific scaffolds to which side chains/substituents are added or modified. With the rapid growth of the application of deep learning in drug discovery, a variety of effective approaches have been developed for de novo drug design. In previous work, we proposed a method named DrugEx, which can be applied in polypharmacology based on multi-objective deep reinforcement learning. However, the previous version is trained under fixed objectives similar to other known methods and does not allow users to input any prior information (i.e. a desired scaffold). In order to improve the general applicability, we updated DrugEx to design drug molecules based on scaffolds which consist of multiple fragments provided by users. In this work, the Transformer model was employed to generate molecular structures. The Transformer is a multi-head self-attention deep learning model containing an encoder to receive scaffolds as input and a decoder to generate molecules as output. In order to deal with the graph representation of molecules we proposed a novel positional encoding for each atom and bond based on an adjacency matrix to extend the architecture of the Transformer. Each molecule was generated by growing and connecting procedures for the fragments in the given scaffold that were unified into one model. Moreover, we trained this generator under a reinforcement learning framework to increase the number of desired ligands. As a proof of concept, our proposed method was applied to design ligands for the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AAR) and compared with SMILES-based methods. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of our method in that 100% of the generated molecules are valid and most of them had a high predicted affinity value towards A2AAR with given scaffolds.
Analysis of Preferred Mechanisms of CO Oxidation with Atomically Dispersed Pt1/TiO2 Using the Energetic Span Model
Authors: Bac Selin , Mallikarjun Sharada Shaama
Published: December 2021

This work examines mechanisms of low-temperature CO oxidation over a single binding site of atomically dispersed Pt on rutile TiO2 (110) using density functional theory and the energetic span model (ESM). Of the 12 distinct pathways spanning Eley- Rideal (ER), termolecular ER (TER), Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LH), Mars-Van Krevelen (MvK) mechanisms as well as their combinations, TER with CO-assisted CO2 desorption yields the highest turnover frequency (TOF). However, this pathway is ruled out because Pt is dynamically unstable in an intermediate state in the TER cycle, determined in a prior ab initio molecular dynamics study by our group. We instead find, depending on reaction conditions, that either H1 is rendered inactive upon CO adsorption or the ER mechanism is preferred if O2 dissociatively adsorbs. ER exhibits the second highest TOF and the TOF-determining state is in qualitative agreement with experiment. TOFs for all MvK pathways are several orders of magnitude lower than ER and LH. By comparing TOFs for Pt1/TiO2 with prior mechanistic studies of various oxide-supported atomically dispersed catalysts in the literature, we identify the most active metal and support materials for low-temperature CO oxidation.
Molecular dynamics with constrained nuclear electronic orbital density functional theory: Accurate vibrational spectra from efficient incorporation of nuclear quantum effects
Authors: Xu Xi , Chen Zehua , Yang Yang
Published: December 2021

Nuclear quantum effects play a crucial role in many chemical and biological systems involving hydrogen atoms yet are difficult to include in practical molecular simulations. In this Letter, we combine our recently developed methods of constrained nuclear-electronic orbital density functional theory (cNEO-DFT) and constrained minimized energy surface molecular dynamics (CMES-MD) to create a new method for accurately and efficiently describing nuclear quantum effects in molecular simulations. Using this new method, dubbed cNEO-MD, the vibrational spectra of a set of small molecules are calculated and compared with those from conventional ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) as well as from experiments. With the same formal scaling, cNEO-MD greatly outperforms AIMD in describing the vibrational modes with significant hydrogen motion characters, demonstrating the promise of cNEO-MD for simulating chemical and biological systems with significant nuclear quantum effects.
Vandalia: Identity, Policy, and Nation-Building in Late-Antique North Africa
Authors:   , Parker Eugene
Published: December 2021

In 534, after the conquest of the Vandal kingdom, Procopius tells us that the emperor Justinian deported all remaining Vandals to serve on the Persian frontier. But a hundred years of Vandal rule bred cultural ambiguities in Africa, and the changes in identity that occurred during the Vandal century persisted long after the Vandals had been shipped off to the East: Byzantine and Arabic writers alike shared the conviction that the Africans had, by the sixth and seventh centuries, become something other than Roman. This thesis surveys the available evidence for cultural transformation and merger of identities between the two principal peoples of Vandal Africa, the Vandals and the Romano-Africans, to determine the origins of those changes in identity, and how the people of Africa came to be different enough from Romans for ancient writers to pass such comment. It examines the visible conversation around ethnicity in late-antique Africa to determine what the defining social signifiers of Vandal and Romano-African identity were during the Vandal century, and how they changed over time. Likewise, it explores the evidence for deliberate attempts by the Vandal state to foster national unity and identity among their subjects, and in particular the role that religion and the African Arian Church played in furthering these strategies for national unity. Finally, it traces into the Byzantine period the after-effects of changes that occurred in Africa during the Vandal period, discussing how shifts in what it meant to be Roman or Vandal in Africa under Vandal rule shaped the province's history and character after its incorporation into the Eastern Empire.
Student Homelessness: Sheltering Our Future: An Adaptable Approach to Underutilised City Spaces
Authors:   , Ramos Caryl
Published: December 2021

The increasing housing demands from population growth creates a persistent housing shortage and unaffordability in our cities. Students are one demographic that is dramatically affected as they move closer to their education provider for study. The student influx at the start of the semester creates a large demand in the already inadequate housing market. Students with a limited budget have reduced accommodation options and this consequently drives many into a state of homelessness. A study from University of Otago measures that over a quarter of New Zealand’s homeless population are students (Amore, 2016). This considerable number of students are living in cars, tents, couch-surfing and sleeping rough for weeks during their studies. The desperate situation impinges on the student’s health and well-being and thus their academic performance.  In this context, the scope of this research focuses on the requirements of homeless tertiary students in the urban setting. Their vulnerability, insecurity and distress are explored to provide direction to solutions that will alleviate the existing problems of their insufficient living environments. As proximity to the education providers and amenities are key factors, this thesis examines underutilised and leftover spaces within the city as opportunities for inhabitation, and to create efficient use of urban space. Currently, there are successful examples of activating overlooked laneways into vibrant spaces. However, these transformations rely on the activities in the lane and the interventions are largely landscaping and installations. By investigating the successful regeneration of previously undesirable and neglected spaces through architectural re-imagination, this thesis identify laneways to be a potential site to the urgent need for shelters.  The architectural experiments and design development are informed by the combination of site challenges and programme to form an overall design-led research. The thesis tests how temporary modular design has a significant role in the design of economic and adaptable solutions for the increasing issue of homelessness. This establishes that through a critical design, we may shelter those in desperate need within the urban context. The architecture provides a safe environment that is empathetic to its users and the larger urban scale while also creating a statement and awareness to homelessness. The thesis concludes with the design framework for a single test site and assesses its suitability for future application to other leftover spaces in the city.
Unorthodox: An ancient tradition - A contemporary context
Authors:   , Isaac Anne
Published: December 2021

For decades, New Zealand historians and architects have sought answers to the question: What is New Zealand architecture? New Zealand longs for a place in the architectural world, seeking the significance of our buildings in the wider realm of world architecture. In 2016, in a presentation based on his book Worship: a history of New Zealand church design, Bill McKay suggested that perhaps, “our most interesting architecture lies in the intersections of our cultures”.  An opportunity is offered by the current shifts of New Zealand society where the impact of immigration on society is one of the most pressing issues that currently needs addressing. This thesis endeavours to explore the specific relationship between the heritage and culture of the existing Assyrian community and its context of Wellington, with reference to McKay’s suggestion that our most interesting architecture is birthed from the intersection of different cultures.  Socially speaking, sense of identity and place attachment play a vital role in the integration of migrant communities into their new home country. Recalling and employing elements of not only tangible Assyrian heritage, but also the intangible qualities found in traditional Assyrian architecture, has the potential to create the connection and enhance the sense of identity which allows for the feeling of belonging in migrants in their host society. This thesis focuses on the space of worship.   This project of an Assyrian Orthodox church building in New Zealand might reflect the life of the migrants who occupy it. Is it a replica of the traditional building in its original context, unchanged and uninfluenced by the shift to a new place? Or is it influenced and integrated; a building which can identify with the soil it stands on? Furthermore, if one considers that architecture reflects society, it is hoped that this design led research will participate in the discussion about New Zealand architecture’s unique identity and emerging new societal makeup.  This design led research discovers that creating a sense of belonging relies on both keeping aspects of the traditional and gaining influence from its new context. As focus shifts from the design of the building at a large scale to details and objects at a small scale, it becomes more important to reflect and retain the traditional qualities of the architecture. At a large scale, the building may be influenced by its context so as to be integrated into its new place, as if it belongs within its new urban fabric. As we move into the smaller scale in design, we draw closer to the body. It is these elements of the design which an occupant experiences more intimately, and through sensory experience and triggering memories of home, can help to create a feeling of belonging. The main findings of this research express the close relationship between architectural scales of intervention and the effects of individual and collective memory.
City to Flood: A new urban planning model for urban adaptation to climate change induced flooding in Dunedin
Authors:   , Neill Abby
Published: December 2021

Currently 40% of the world’s human population lives within 100km of a coast. With the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicting that sea levels will rise between 0.52 and 0.98m by 2100, and with increasing climate change induced extreme weather events affecting urban settings, the ways in which people reside in coastal areas needs to be addressed. As water levels rise, both permanently through sea level rise, and temporarily through storm surge events, areas of high population in low lying areas will have to reconsider their typical housing and infrastructure design methods, and/or their lifestyles to address this more frequent or potentially permanent influx of water into towns and cities.  Current methods of flood adaptive architecture often consider solutions at just the individual house or building scale, despite the clear need to be able to analyse and design with wider changing urban landscape conditions driving decision making. In response, this research investigates possible design strategies for adapting housing to climate change induced flooding, while enhancing the liveability of changing local community environments. This is investigated through a case study design-led research process, and is complimented by a survey of residents. The case study site is a flood prone suburb in the city of Dunedin on the east coast of the South Island in Aotearoa New Zealand.  Key findings of the research point to the importance of employing not just a purely technical approach to flooding adaptive housing, but also to using a community-led approach to re-design to understand how people will react to, use, and adapt to repurposed built environments that respond to climate change. This reinforces the need to conceive flood adaptive housing at least at a street and neighbourhood scale, and preferably at a whole suburb landscape scale, rather that just as a single housing typology solution. The research concludes that combining flood adaptive housing with ecosystem-based adaptation solutions to climate change induced flooding could lead to a different, more ecology-integrated way of living for inhabitants of low lying coastal areas. This in turn is likely to have positive social and psychological benefits for inhabitants while increasing community resilience.
Uncertainty of S-Parameter Measurements on PCBs due to Imperfections in the TRL Line Standard
Authors: Koo Hyunji , Salter Martin , Kang No-Weon , Ridler Nick , Hong Young-Pyo
Published: December 2021

This paper evaluates the uncertainty of S-parameter measurements on multilayer printed circuit boards (PCBs) due to the uncertainties of the dimensions and dielectric properties of the line standard in the Thru-Reflect-Line (TRL) calibration. This evaluation is performed in two ways: one is based on repeated TRL calibrations with a randomly perturbed line standard, and the other is based on equations given by Stumper. The two methods require the uncertainties of the S-parameters of the TRL line standard, which are obtained from the uncertainties of the dimensions and dielectric properties using three-dimensional electromagnetic Monte Carlo simulation. The two methods agree well with each other. This study also shows how to apply impedance renormalization in Stumper’s equations. We design the TRL standards and the devices under test (DUTs) in PCB stripline and precisely measure the cross-sectional dimensions of the fabricated striplines. Uncertainty analysis based on the measured values enables us to investigate the impact of realistic deviations in the dimensions of the TRL line standard on the S-parameter measurement uncertainty of the DUTs. Finally, as an example, we evaluated the uncertainty in the measured S-parameters of a Beatty line on the fabricated PCB.
Low-Complexity 2D-MUSIC for Joint Range and Angle Estimation of Frequency Modulated Continuous-Wave Radar
Authors: Jung Yongchul , Lee Seunghyeok , Lee Seongjoo , Jung Yunho
Published: December 2021

A pre-processing technique is proposed to reduce the complexity of two-dimensional multiple signal classification (2D-MUSIC) for the joint range and angle estimation of frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar systems. By using the central symmetry of the angle steering vector from a uniform linear array (ULA) antenna and the linearity of the beat signal in the FMCW radar, this preprocessing technique transforms 2D-MUSIC from complex values into real values. To compare the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm with the conventional 2D-MUSIC, we measured the CPU processing time for various numbers of snapshots, and the evaluation results indicated that the 2D-MUSIC with the proposed pre-processing technique is approximately three times faster than the conventional 2D-MUSIC.
Quadruple Band-Notched Compact Monopole UWB Antenna for Wireless Applications
Authors: Ramakrishna Ch. , Kumar G. A. E. Satish , Reddy P. Chandra Sekhar
Published: December 2021

A printed quadruple band-notched ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna characteristic is presented. The designed UWB antenna has a size of 32 mm × 30 mm × 1.6 mm and covers an impedance bandwidth off 2.9–14.5 GHz for the entire frequency band. The entire frequency band maintains voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <2, except at WiMAX (3.1–3.6 GHz), WLAN (4.92–6.12 GHz), downlink of X-band for satellite communication systems (7.5–8.4 GHz), and X-band (10.2–11 GHz). By inserting a pair of L-shaped slots into the radiating element, a H-shaped resonator and rectangular split-ring resonators are closely arranged to the microstrip feed-line, alongside the measured impedance bandwidth of 129%. The fabricated antenna radiation pattern and return loss is presented.
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF SELF-EXPRESSION DURING PREPARATION FUTURE TEACHERS OF MUSICAL ART
Authors: Siao Lei
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the issues of self-expression of future teachers of musical art in the process of their preparation for further professional activity. It was determined that self-expression is associated with cultural awareness and creativity of future music teachers. The paper analyzes different approaches to determining the characteristics of self-expression in the future musical and pedagogical activity of applicants. On the basis of scientific achievements, the structural components of self-expression of future teachers of musical art have been determined. This structure includes a motivational-axiological component (stability of motives of creative self-realization; readiness for successful creative self-expression in the process of performing and instrumental training); cognitive-search component (demonstrates the effectiveness and consistency of musical and instrumental knowledge); communicative and interpretive (students have the ability to interact with the audience and with their results of creative musical and instrumental self-expression, the ability to express themselves, to carry out creative self-disclosure and self-presentation in the process of performing and instrumental training); reflective-productive component (the ability of future teachers of musical art to realize their intentions for artistic self-expression in the process of performing and instrumental training, their creative qualities, as well as their importance for professional development, self-perception skills when performing creative musical and instrumental activities). The experience of self-expression of music teachers in different regions is analyzed. Attention is focused on the possibilities of digital means of communication in the process of self-expression in different conditions.
ARCH-COMP21 Category Report: Stochastic Models
Authors: Abate Alessandro , Blom Henk , Bouissou Marc , Cauchi Nathalie , Chraibi Hassane , Delicaris Joanna , Haesaert Sofie , Hartmanns Arnd , Khaled Mahmoud , Lavaei Abolfazl , Ma Hao , Mallik Kaushik , Niehage Mathis , Remke Anne , Schupp Stefan , Shmarov Fedor , Soudjani Sadegh , Thorpe Adam , Turcuman Vlad , Zuliani Paolo
Published: December 2021

This report presents the results of a friendly competition for formal verification and policy synthesis of stochastic models. It also introduces new benchmarks within this category, and recommends next steps for this category towards next year’s edition of the competition. The friendly competition took place as part of the workshop Applied Verification for Continuous and Hybrid Systems (ARCH) in Spring/Summer 2021.
ARCH-COMP21 Repeatability Evaluation Report
Authors: Johnson Taylor T.
Published: December 2021

This report presents the results of the repeatability evaluation for the 5th Interna- tional Competition on Verifying Continuous and Hybrid Systems (ARCH-COMP’21). The competition took place as part of the workshop Applied Verification for Continuous and Hybrid Systems (ARCH) in 2021, affiliated with the 7th IFAC Conference on Analysis and Design of Hybrid Systems (ADHS’21). In its fifth edition, seventeen tools submitted artifacts through a Git repository for the repeatability evaluation, applied to solve bench- mark problems for seven competition categories. The majority of participants adhered to the requirements for this year’s repeatability evaluation, namely to submit scripts to automatically install and execute tools in containerized virtual environments (specifically Dockerfiles to execute within Docker), and several categories used performance evalua- tion information from a common execution platform. The repeatability results represent a snapshot of the current landscape of tools and the types of benchmarks for which they are particularly suited and for which others may repeat their analyses. Due to the diversity of problems in verification of continuous and hybrid systems, as well as basing on standard practice in repeatability evaluations, we evaluate the tools with pass and/or failing being repeatable.
Respuesta gubernamental en tiempos de pandemia: contrastando México y Nueva Zelanda
Authors: Porta-Lezama Miroslava , Castelán Meléndez Jorge
Published: December 2021

El inicio de la pandemia por Coronavirus 2019 en marzo de 2020 alarmó por su nivel de propagación y gravedad. Las acciones para contenerla han sido diferentes en función del país que se trate. México se caracterizó por su respuesta tardía y errática, eventualmente utilizada con fines políticos. Al compararla con el manejo de la pandemia en Nueva Zelanda que se enfocó en suprimirla, destaca la principal diferencia con México que pretendió tan sólo mitigarla.

Estrategias preventivas no farmacológicas promovidas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud han mostrado su efectividad en Nueva Zelanda, al contrario de la indiferencia de gobiernos como México que al inicio de la crisis sanitaria permitió la celebración de eventos masivos. Estas reacciones se han reflejado en la abismal diferencia en la incidencia y letalidad por COVID-19 entre ambos países.

No debe perderse de vista que además de la sensibilidad y responsabilidad civil de cada país y de sus mandatarios, también influye el porcentaje del Producto Interno Bruto invertido en salud. También se han hecho evidentes las consecuencias que provocan las diferencias en el poder adquisitivo de la población en general: la pandemia no ha impactado de igual manera a los más desposeídos en comparación con quienes cuentan con más recursos de todo tipo.
Enfermería y su valor social
Authors: Mayorga-Ponce Rocío B. , González Monter Brenda A.
Published: December 2021

Enfermería siempre ha sido una profesión que actúa de manera autónoma y se define como un proceso significativo, terapeútico e interpersonal. Siendo su principal objetivo situar al paciente en el mejor estado de salud posible, para ello, el personal enfermero debe actuar por la persona incapacitada, ayudarla a actuar o brindarle el apoyo físico y psicológico, así como la educación para aprender a actuar por si misma. En el presente artículo me enfoco a dar a conocer de manera fundamentada desde varias bibliografías previamente revisadas,  la importancia y el valor social que ha tenido enfermería a través del tiempo y qué impacto tiene ante la actual situasión de COVID-19. [3]
Alegría y fuerza para los santos. Las ofrendas dulces entre los otomíes del sur de Querétaro
Authors: Borja Cruz Julio César
Published: December 2021

En la comunidad otomí de San Ildefonso Tultepec “lo dulce” tiene un lugar significativo en el ámbito ritual. Para la fiesta en honor al Niño Dios, se ofrenda una figura de azúcar en forma de toro. Refrescos, dulces y frituras de origen industrial son usadas para confeccionar las “cuelgas” y la “Flor de Dios”, dos ofrendas que están presentes en la mayoría de las celebraciones del calendario festivo. En este texto me centraré en estas tres ofrendas (las cuelgas, la Flor de Dios y el torito de azúcar) que, para fines analíticos, llamaré “ofrendas dulces”. Analizo los sentidos del azúcar y de lo “dulce” para los otomíes del sur de Querétaro, a partir del análisis de la “red de relaciones” (Lévi-Strauss, 1995) que se observan en el espacio ritual, es decir, profundizo en las relaciones -asociaciones, correlaciones, sustituciones- que se construyen entre lo dulce y los distintos elementos del sistema ritual, para elucidar dichos sentidos.
Educación rural y equidad en el periodo de confinamiento por el COVID-19: el caso de una escuela primaria multigrado
Authors: González Lira Ana Laura , Moreno Tapia Javier
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de una investigación realizada en una escuela primaria rural durante el periodo de confinamiento derivado de contingencia sanitaria por la pandemia de COVID-19. El estudio, tuvo como objetivo principal analizar algunas dificultades que se presentan en el contexo de estudio para la continuidad de las actividades académicas, destacando la perspectiva del docente y el análisis de información proveniente de diversas fuentes.

Durante el desarrollo del escrito, se elabora un estado del conocimiento que integra investigaciones realizadas en el contexto de las escuelas multigrado y en el periodo temporal de la pandemia. Todo ello, basado en el enfoque de equidad educativa y los avances en materia de legislación en México al respecto y se contrastan con algunos datos recuperados de fuentes oficiales a nivel nacional y local, así como con información proveniente de la aplicación de instrumentos de investigación al docente participante, desde un estudio de caso.

Los resultados muestran que la actual pandemia acentúa las desigualdades sociales de las poblaciones de alumnos del sector rural, en tres componentes: acceso, permanencia y logro educativo, situación que marca la necesidad del diseño e implementación de políticas de equidad y la importancia de la aproximación científica al tema desde la investigación educativa.
Patients’ attitude and factors influencing the acceptance of medical students’ participation in pelvic examination
Authors: Deesaen Nisakorn , Sutantikorn Kongpop , Phonngoenchai Punyanuch , Chaiyamahapruk Sakchai , Amatyakul Patcharada
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Pelvic examination of patients in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology (Ob-Gyn) is an important skill for medical students. Because it involves a physical assessment of the patients' genitalia, patients may refuse medical students to participate in the examination, affecting the medical students' clinical skills.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Naresuan University Hospital to determine the factors that influence the acceptance of medical student participation in the pelvic examinations. A total of 198 out-patients from the Ob-Gyn department were included. A Likert scale questionnaire was designed which featured topics on patients’ attitudes and circumstances related to medical student involvement in gynaecological procedures.
Results: The majority of outpatients (71.7%) accepted the participation of medical students in pelvic examinations. Patients with prior experiences in physical and pelvic examination by medical students had a significant impact on the patients' acceptance (P-value<0.001). The patients’ impressions had an influence on the decision to accept students in pelvic exam participation. Approximately 40% of patients were concerned about the breach of confidentiality. However, most patients strongly agreed that allowing medical students to perform pelvic examination would benefit their medical education.
Conclusion: Most of the participants permitted medical students to participate in pelvic examinations and preferred that the medical instructor be the one to request permission. The patients’ impressions of medical students were crucial factors that significantly influence their decision whether to allow or deny them to participate in the procedure. Disclosure of confidentiality was found to be matters of concern to most patients.