bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of chikungunya fever on pregnancy: a systematic review / Impactos da febre da chikungunya na gestação: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Cabral Symara Abrantes Albuquerque de Oliveira , Gurgel Ricardo Queiroz , Berezin Eitan Naaman
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was introduced in Brazil in 2015, with occasional occurrences that soon spread in a large part of the country. The disease, in view of its long-standing consequences for the affected individuals, brought intense public health concerns. Pregnancy is a period of intense organic changes and may be affected in the case of CHIKV infection. However, the maternal and fetal impacts of CHIKV virus infection during pregnancy are not fully understood. Objective: To describe the maternal and fetal impacts following a CHIKV infection during pregnancy. Method: A systematic narrative review of the literature was performed in order to establish a compendium of information about the impacts of CHIKV infection during pregnancy. Results: is a potential for placental transfer of infection from the pregnant woman to the fetus, especially when it occurs close to delivery, as well as fetal manifestations, including with imminent severity. No complications were reported for pregnant women after CHIKV infection. Conclusion: Potential severity for the fetus precedes a need for preventive investments, especially in prenatal care. Keywords: Chikungunya virus, CHIKV, Pregnancy, Chikungunya feverÂ RESUMOIntrodução: o ví­rus da chikungunya (CHIKV) foi introduzido no Brasil em 2015, com ocorrências pontuais que logo se disseminaram em grande parte do paí­s. A doença, diante de suas consequências para o indiví­duo acometido, sobretudo í  longo prazo, trouxe intensas complicações para saúde pública. É consenso a ocorrência de morbimortalidade decorrente da doença e, sendo a gestação um perí­odo de intensas mudanças orgânicas, importante se faz considerar o questionamento: quais os impactos maternos e fetais da infecção pelo ví­rus da chikungunya na gestação? Objetivo: descrever os impactos maternos e fetais decorrentes da infecção pelo CHIKV. Método: revisão sistemática da literatura de modo a estabelecer um compêndio de informações acerca dos impactos da CHIKV na gravidez. Resultados: observou-se potencial de transferência placentária da gestante para o feto, sobretudo quando a infecção ocorre próximo ao parto, bem como manifestações fetais, inclusive com gravidade. Não foram descritas complicações í  mulher grávida infectada pelo CHIKV. Conclusões: potencial de gravidade para o feto precede uma necessidade de investimentos preventivos, sobretudo no pré-natal.Palavras chave: Ví­rus chikungunya, CHIKV, Gravidez, Febre de chikungunya Introduct
The Profound Unravelling of Equilibrium Thermodynamics and Arrhenius First-Order Kinetics in Relation to Metal Hydride Desorption Reactions
Authors: Pawelke Roland Hermann
Published: May 2021

Approaching the entanglement problem of kinetics with thermodynamics in reversible metal hydride desorption reactions by means of a hyperbola template such as the Michaelis-Menten curve renders a closed solution for their unravelling possible, revealing profound insight of general significance into both, the structure of the rate-limiting thermodynamic factor and the nature of experiment-specific first-order Arrhenius kinetics. As by-product an alternate method of extreme simplicity for modelling transient behaviour of reversible metal hydride tanks is obtained. This paper concludes a series of works concerned with objectively approaching metal hydride soprtion reaction kinetics.
A Transition State Theory Perspective on the Relation of Reversible Metal Hydride First-Order Kinetics to Equilibrium Thermodynamics
Authors: Pawelke Roland Hermann
Published: May 2021

In the event of hydrogen desorption from reversible metal hydrides, equilibrium thermodynamics exert a rate-limiting effect: if system pressure reaches equilibrium pressure, the reaction rate becomes zero. This is usually dealt with by an empiric term of either polynomial or logarithmic nature to first-order kinetics. This paper approaches the matter from a transition state theory perspective, combining the classic Eyring-Polanyi equation with insights on reversible metal hydride chemical overpotential for scrutinizing the relation of Arrhenius first-order kinetics to van’t Hoff equilibrium pressure. The outcome, tested for the example of 4 mol % Ti-doped NaAlH4, suggests theoretical coherency and provides a method for identifying the factor by which an experiment deviates from ideal first-order kinetics. Adopting Arrhenius-Eyring-Polanyi first-order kinetics as baseline for modelling kinetic behaviour of metal hydride sorption reactions not only covers a blind spot in the Arrhenius approach but creates a standard for result comparability.
Directed Signaling Cascades in Monodisperse Artificial Eukaryotic Cells
Authors: Shetty Sunidhi , Yandrapalli Naresh , Pinkwart Kerstin , Krafft Dorothee , Vidaković-Koch Tanja , Ivanov Ivan , Robinson Tom
Published: May 2021

The bottom-up assembly of multi-compartment artificial cells that are able to direct biochemical reactions along a specific spatial pathway remains a considerable engineering challenge. In this work, we address this with a microfluidic platform which is able to produce monodisperse multivesicular vesicles (MVVs) to serve as synthetic eukaryotic cells. Using a two-inlet polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channel design to co-encapsulate different populations of liposomes we are able to produce lipid-based MVVs in a high-throughput manner and with three separate inner compartments each containing a different enzyme: α-glucosidase, glucose oxidase, and horseradish peroxidase. We demonstrate the ability of these MVVs to carry out directed chemical communication between the compartments via the reconstitution of size-selective membrane pores. Therefore, the signal transduction, which is triggered externally, follows a specific spatial pathway between the compartments. We use this platform to study the effects of enzyme cascade compartmentalization by direct analytical comparison between bulk, one-, two-, and three-compartment systems. This microfluidic strategy to construct complex hierarchical structures is not only suitable to study compartmentation effects on biochemical reactions but is also applicable for developing advanced drug-delivery systems as well as minimal cells in the field of bottom-up synthetic biology.
Molecular Mechanisms of Aroma Persistence: From Noncovalent Interactions Between Aroma Compounds and Oral Mucosa to Metabolization of Aroma Compounds by Saliva and Oral Cells
Authors: Muñoz-Gonzalez Carolina , Brulé Marine , Martin Christophe , Feron Gilles , Canon Francis , MUNOZ CAROLINA
Published: May 2021

Aroma persistence plays a major role in the liking and wanting of orally consumed products (food, dental toiletries, tobacco, drugs, etc.). Here, we use an integral approach including ex vivo experiments using a novel model of oral mucosa and saliva in well controlled conditions as well as in vivo dynamic instrumental and sensory experiments. Ex vivo experiments show the ability of the mucosal pellicle, the thin layer of salivary proteins covering the oral mucosa, to interact with aroma compounds, as well as the ability of oral cells and saliva to metabolize carbonyl aroma compounds. In vivo evaluation of the exhaled air and perception of individuals after aroma sample consumption confirm ex vivo findings in a more real context. Thus, aroma compounds susceptible to be metabolized by saliva and oral cells show a lower aroma persistence than non metabolized compounds, for which other mechanisms such as the adsorption at the surface of the oral mucosa (mucosal pellicle) as a function of their hydrophobicity are involved. Thus, we argue that the physiological aspects occurring during the oral processing, and especially, metabolization of aroma compounds, have to be considered when studying the phenomenon of aroma persistence.
Direct Conversion from Carbon Dioxide to Luminescent Poly(β-alkoxyacrylate)s via Multicomponent Tandem Polymerization-Induced Emission
Authors: Song Bo , Li Xiangyi , Qin Anjun , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: May 2021

Using carbon dioxide (CO2) as a feedstock to synthesize various polymers has drawn much attention. One-pot multicomponent tandem polymerization (MCTP) with great synthetic simplicity and efficiency is a powerful strategy for the synthesis of new CO2-based luminescent polymers. In this work, we successfully developed a new one-pot MCTP combining three sequential carboxylation-cyclization-esterification reactions of CO2, diynes and alkyl dihalides to direct fixing CO2 into luminescent polymers with aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) property. This MCTP could be facilely carried out in N,N-dimethylacetamide in the presence of a cheap catalyst CuI and an organic base 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene under atmospheric pressure. A series of poly(β-alkoxyacrylate)s with well-defined structures, high molecular weights (Mw up to 15 400) were obtained in high yields (up to 96%). The resultant polymers possess good thermal stability with high decomposition temperature and high char yield. Due to polymerization-induced emission (PIE) behavior, the non-luminescent monomers could be converted to luminescent poly(β-alkoxyacrylate)s with AEE features. Thus, this work provides a new pathway to directly transform CO2 into luminescent polymers via a one-pot MCTP strategy.
Learning Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) of the Wittig Reaction from Genetically-Encoded Substrates
Authors: Yan Kejia , Triana Vivian , Vasu Kalmady Sunil , Aku-Dominguez Kwami , Memon Sharyar , Brown Alex , Greiner Russell , Derda Ratmir
Published: May 2021

The Wittig reaction can be used for late stage functionalization of proteins and peptides to ligate glycans, pharmacophores, and many other functionalities. In this manuscript, we modified 160,000 N-terminal glyoxaldehyde peptides displayed on phage with the Wittig reaction by biotin labeled ylide under conditions that functionalize only 1% of the library population. Deep-sequencing of the biotinylated and input populations estimated the rate of conversion for each sequence. This “deep conversion” (DC) from deep sequencing correlates with rate constants measured by HPLC. Peptide sequences with fast and slow reactivity highlighted a critical role of primary backbone amides (N-H) in accelerating the rate of the aqueous Wittig reaction. Experimental measurement of reaction rates and density functional theory (DFT) computation of the transition state geometries corroborated this relationship. We also collected deep-sequencing data to build structure activity relationship (SAR) models that can predict DC value of the Wittig reaction. By using this data, we trained two classifier models based on Gradient Boosted trees. These classifiers achieved area under the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) Curve (ROC AUC) of 81.2 ± 0.4 and 73.7 ± 0.8 (90–92% accuracy) in determining whether a sequence belonged to the top 5% or the bottom 5% in terms of its reactivity. We have deployed our learned models as a publicly available web app: http://44.226.164.95/ We anticipate that phage-displayed peptides and related mRNA or DNA-displayed substrates can be employed in a similar fashion to study the substrate scope and mechanisms of many other chemical reactions.
On the Fly” Characterization of YbIII:ErIII Co-Doped Upconversion Nanoparticle Nonlinear Optical Response from Single-Particle Trajectories
Authors: Cavalcante Isabela , Marchi María Claudia , Sigoli Fernando , de Sousa Filho Paulo Cesar , Barja Beatriz C. , NOME RENE
Published: May 2021

Spectroscopic characterization of individual nanoparticles is essential for understanding their structure-property relationship and for applications. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) in condensed phases can undergo both nonlinear optical and stochastic dynamics when interacting with near-infrared sources. By integrating optical trapping microspectroscopy, stochastic dynamics and light-matter interactions experiments and simulations, in the present work we study how individual trajectories of YbIII:ErIII co-doped UCNPs can be used to perform “on the fly” characterization of their nonlinear optical power-law response upon near-infrared excitation. We illustrate the methodology in the case of freely diffusing and optically trapped UCNPs as well as with particles bound to the substrate. The approach presented in this work can be applied to UCNPs with varying composition and morphological features, particularly in single-particle studies.
APP-C31 Is an Intracellular Promoter of Amyloid-Beta Aggregation and Toxicity
Authors: Nam Eunju , Park Jiyong , Lin Yuxi , Do Hyunsu , Han Jinju , Ho Lee Young , Baik Mu-Hyun , Lim Mi Hee
Published: May 2021

Intracellular C-terminal cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is elevated in the brain of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Emerging evidence proposes a pathological relationship between the production of a C-terminal APP fragment, called APP-C31, and the toxicity induced by amyloid-beta (Abeta) that is a major contributor towards AD; however, the interaction between the two peptides and the consequent impact of APP-C31 on Abeta-related toxicity were unknown thus far. Here we report the discovery that APP-C31 facilitates the aggregation of Abeta and aggravates its toxicity at the intracellular level, with escalating neurodegeneration. APP-C31 forms a hetero-dimer with Abeta through the contacts onto the N-terminal and self-recognition regions of Abeta and induces its conformational transition accelerating amyloid fibrillization. APP-C31 promotes the perinuclear and intranuclear deposition of enlarged Abeta aggregates and, consequently, damages the nucleus leading to apoptosis. Abeta-induced degeneration of neurites in human neurons is also intensified by APP-C31. Our studies demonstrate a new function of APP-C31 as an intracellular factor of the proteopathy found in AD.
Differential diagnosis and treatment of rare forms of primary peritoneal tumors – solitary fibrous and desmoplastic small round cell tumors
Authors: Abdullaev Amir G. , Kozlov Nikolay A. , Schakhpazyan Nikolay K. , Tsigankova Anna V.
Published: May 2021

Solitary fibrous tumor and desmoplastic small round cell tumor are primary peritoneal malignant tumors. Despite their morphological differences, these diseases are united by low morbidity, the lack of pathogenic symptoms, similar radiological signs, and scant knowledge of prognostic factors. Considering the low morbidity, reliable differential diagnostic signs have not been established at present, which greatly complicates the timely formulation of the diagnosis. On the contrary, cases of choosing the wrong treatment tactics and the lack of a unified management algorithm are increasingly being identified. Radiation and instrumental diagnostic methods such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, laparoscopy are crucial in determining the extent of the tumor, it is necessary to take into account the biological characteristics of the tumor (morphological type), which affect the nature of tumor growth. With a solitary fibrous tumor and a desmoplastic small-round cell tumor, the computed tomography picture is characterized by the presence of isolated nodular formations in any part of the abdominal cavity, which can also be accompanied by a large omentum, ascites, an increase in retroperitoneal lymph nodes, and distant metastasis to the lungs and bones is possible. In general, the main task of diagnosing a primary peritoneal neoplasm is to take sufficient quality biological material, with the leading role in the diagnosis being given to histological and immunohistochemical studies. On the other hand, the independent experience of many clinics does not exceed single surveillance. This information does not allow doctors to confidently navigate the problem; accordingly, there is a need for multicenter and, possibly, prospective, randomized scientific research in order to develop a unified algorithm for managing patients with primary peritoneal tumors. The approaches to the treatment of these tumors are currently not standardized and not well studied due to the rarity of the pathology. According to the available information, the treatment of desmoplastic small round cell tumors is based on multimodal therapy, including systemic chemotherapy and surgery, and possibly radiation therapy. Traditional treatment algorithms for this pathology include the surgical stage and systemic or intracavitary chemotherapy, while the treatment sequence may be different and depends primarily on the prevalence of the disease. For solitary fibrous tumor, surgical treatment, by contrast, is the method of choice. Thus, when choosing a treatment strategy for a primary peritoneal tumor, it is first of all necessary to take into account the morphological type of the tumor and rely on known data on the benefits of a particular method. In this article, we tried to present modern information on the diagnosis and treatment of rare forms of primary peritoneal tumors.
Opportunities for metastatic triple negative breast cancer therapy
Authors: Ganshina Inna P. , Gordeeva Olga O. , Manukyan Mariam S.
Published: May 2021

Metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC) is a difficult task for the chemotherapist in view of the disease aggressiveness, biological heterogeneity of the tumor, as well as the limit of therapy options. The approved modern drugs, such as immunotherapy and PARP inhibitors, have improved the treatment results in women with mTNBC. However, not all women are the candidates for this kind of therapy due to the lack of suitable points of application. In this context, high hopes are placed on the new treatment options currently being studied in clinical trials. The review summarizes data on advanced drugs that have demonstrated their efficacy in this multiplex group of women, but not yet registered at the territory of the Russian Federation Russian Federation, and will allow us to form an idea of the future algorithm of treatment of women with mTNBC.
Superman does laundry too
Authors: Laneuville Laurence
Published: May 2021

N/A
One small victory
Authors: Lemos Vivienne
Published: May 2021

N/A
Formulation and Stability Test of Cream Ethanol Extract Senduduk Leaves (Melastoma malabatricum L.) On Burn Healing of Male White Mice
Authors: Sri Hainil  , Delladari Mayefis  , Alvin Kurniawan
Published: May 2021

Burns are tissue damage caused by contact with heat sources such as fire, chemicals, electricity and radiation. This study aims to find a new burn drug from senduduk leaves (Melastoma malabathricum L.) with a form of standard cream preparation type M/A. The viscous extract of the leaves of senduduk is carried out by a characterization test and screening test, then formulated in the form of cream with a concentration of 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. Standard cream type M/A formulated with senduduk leaf extract was evaluated and tested for the stability of the preparation. Mice were burnt with a heated metal plate, then smeared with the cream of senduduk leaf extract and the diameter was measured using a calliper by measuring the four sides of the wound diameter and averaging it to obtain the proportion of wound closure. The percentage of wound closure was analyzed at D-1 to D-11 treatment. The results showed that the ethanol extract of senduduk leaf cream preparation with a concentration of 7.5% was more effective in healing burns with an average diameter of 0.20 cm of final burns and the proportion of wound healing was 99% compared to the concentration of senduduk leaf extract cream preparation which was other. The results of the burn test showed that the ethanol extract of senduduk leaf cream with a concentration of 7.5% was efficacious in healing wounds in mice.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LUNG NEUTROPHILS AND MACROPHAGES FUNCTIONAL STATE IN COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA
Authors: S.E. Kislova , N.M. Kondrashova , N.G. Plekhova
Published: May 2021

The progression of the inflammatory process and the outcome in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) depend on the functional activity of innate immune cells - neutrophils and macrophages. Purpose: to establish the relationship between the morphofunctional state of neutrophils and macrophages of induced sputum (inflammation focus) and the severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Materials and methods: cells were removed from the induced sputum (IS) of healthy individuals and patients with CAP. In the «in vitro» model, upon contact with S. aureus the phagocytic index (PI), number (PN), and index of phagocytosis completion (ICP) were determined. A spectrophotometric method was used to assess the enzymatic activity of cells. Results. The dependence of phagocytosis indices on the severity of CAP was established (p <0.05). A sharp decrease in the phagocytic and functional activity of cells was recorded in the focus of inflammation in patients with severe pneumonia. It was found that in patients with CAP, compared with the control group, a significant decrease in the relative content of cells capable of reducing nitro-blue tetrazolium was found. In all groups of patients with this disease, the reserve capacity for myeloperoxidase (MPO) had negative values, which proved a decrease in the reactivity of local immunity cells. The MPO values for the cells of patients with a moderate course of the disease were higher than in the rest of the examined individuals, which indicated the activation of the bactericidal activity of neutrophils in MI. In patients with severe CAP in the spontaneous test, the mean values of MPO activity were 2.2 times higher than in the control group. Conclusion: a comprehensive study of innate immunity cells functional activity in induced sputum, including the quantitative determination of phagocytic parameters with an assessment of the absorption capacity and completeness of phagocytosis, makes it possible to assess the severity of community-acquired pneumonia.
ACTUAL ISSUES OF THE CELL TECHNOLOGIES APPLICATION IN RUSSIA PRACTICAL HEALTHCARE
Authors: I.N. Chernenko , N.G. Plekhova
Published: May 2021

Despite skepticism and mistrust, today cellular technology is one of the most rapidly developing areas of modern science of the 21st century. Unfortunately, the priority in the development of a biomedical cell product (BMCP) production in the world community belongs mainly to civilized countries. In Russia, the pace of development of cellular technologies is constrained by a number of reasons. This is largely due to insufficient legislative regulation, low funding, and the absence of a sufficiently large number of accredited laboratories. Despite this, recently in Russia, cell technologies are actively developing in research organizations, which leads to the need to solve problems and assess the prospects for the production of BMCP on an industrial scale. Medicine is constantly developing and its progress cannot be stopped, therefore, provided that pressing problems are solved, cell technologies will become an integral part of the life of mankind and its health. The purpose of this review: to study current problems and prospects for the development of cell technologies and the possibilities of their practical application in Russian practical medicine. Аn important problem in the development of the production of cellular products in Russia is the lack of an attractive investment climate due to incomplete legislation, as well as costly financing. At the moment, in Russia, obtaining, research, storage, transportation and use of biomedical cell products is carried out within the framework of federal laws. But, unfortunately, Russian doctors and scientists have faced a number of problems that hinder the development of the industry, while their Western colleagues have overcome these problems long ago. Mostly these problems are associated with an insufficiently developed regulatory framework and funding conditions.
FEATURES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PERSONNEL TRAINING AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL
Authors: S.M. Tarabukina , T.G. Afanasyeva , N.B. Dremova , N.I. Afanasyeva
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the results of a sociological study of employees of pharmacy organizations located in the northern regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The aim of the study was to identify the features of training pharmaceutical personnel at the regional level to enhance their professional competence. The respondents assessed the state of medicines supply in their pharmacies and possible ways to improve it, among which the main one was the need for the staff to constantly improve the level of their professional qualifications. The preferable additional educational forms of personnel training - distance learning and postgraduate professional development courses - have been determined. Participants in the sociological survey identified a set of the most important and significant disciplines for inclusion in the curricula for training and postgraduate professional development of pharmaceutical specialists, and also made a list of necessary professional and personal skills and abilities required to work in the Far North and the Arctic. Revealed the relevance of studying the issues of organizing the resource management of pharmacy organizations and the need to master additional methods that form competence in the rational use of drugs and increasing the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy. The current requirements for a modern specialist with a higher pharmaceutical education are formulated, regardless of the region of residence and professional activity. The design of the study can be adapted for use for other regional specifics.
SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION ACCELERATES ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND LEADS TO MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: HYPOTHESIS OR OBJECTIVE REALITY?
Authors: N.G. Lozhkina , O.I. Gushchina , N.E. Evdokimova , O.M. Parkhomenko
Published: May 2021

The past 2020 was marked by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which entailed an increased risk of mortality in patients with previous cardiovascular diseases (CVD) or with various risk factors (RF) of atherosclerosis. There is conflicting evidence from clinical and scientific studies of COVID-19-related cardiovascular disease. One of the features of the new SARS-CoV-2 infection is its ability to induce a systemic hyperinflammatory response, accompanied by instability of atherosclerotic plaques. In this sense, the course of atherosclerosis becomes accelerated, or rapidly progressing. The article presents a clinical case demonstrating the progressive course of coronary atherosclerosis in a patient with several interrelated factors, including the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection.
THE EFFECT OF SMOKING STEAM COCKTAILS ON THE HARD TISSUES OF THE ORAL CAVITY
Authors: A.V. Sevbitov , E.S. Emelina , V.V. Platonova , S.N. Mironov
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study was the current problem of studying the impact of smoking steam cocktails on human health, as well as the development of methods for the prevention of diseases that were caused by the action of this habit is one of the main directions of the development of health protection, both in Russia and around the world.
The study of dental status was carried out by means of a questionnaire, a detailed survey and a clinical examination of patients.
The questionnaire was used to determine the level of evaluation of motivation to quit smoking. During the survey of patients, the subjective state of the oral cavity was determined, namely, the presence of dryness of the oral cavity, unpleasant smell, burning sensation, pain in the tongue, impaired taste sensations, and whether there was a metallic taste. Then an external examination was carried out, an examination of the vestibule of the oral cavity, an examination of the dentition itself. The intensity of dental caries was determined.
According to the results of the survey, it is clear that the motivation to quit smoking is low. Data from the study in patients who use and do not use smoking mixtures showed that the intensity of caries sharply worsens depending on the length of smoking.
The obtained data indicate an increase in inflammatory and destructive changes in the hard tissues of the teeth.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF FORMATION OF THE FUNDAMENTALS OF FINANCIAL CULTURE IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: I.V. Krasnoperova
Published: May 2021

A characteristic feature of the financial culture of the population of our country, as noted in the Strategy for increasing financial literacy in the Russian Federation for 2017-2023, «is an insufficient level of financial discipline and responsibility for the risks associated with the independent choice and use of various financial services and financial instruments» [1]. This determines the relevance of the research topic under consideration and raises it to the category of state problems. At the same time, it is the education system that is called upon to begin solving the problem of financial literacy of the population. Since this process is very extended in time, all levels of education should be involved in the formation of a financial culture. A special role in this is assigned to the first level of the continuous education system - preschool. Realizing that financial culture is a dynamic phenomenon and will grow with new financial knowledge and skills in budget management, in preschool age we can only talk about the basics of financial culture.
In this article, an attempt is made to theoretically substantiate the problem of the formation of the foundations of financial culture in preschool children, a retrospective analysis is carried out, scientific approaches and the structure of the process under study are considered.
PROFESSIONAL PREPAREDNESS OF SPECIALISTS FOR THE JUDICIARY: GENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONTENT OF THE CONCEPT
Authors: N.I. Bashmakova , V.G. Bondarev
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of professional preparedness of the specialists for judicial system in the professional mediation and communication activities in the context of the transition to the sixth information-network technological paradigm. It traces the genesis of the concept of professional preparedness from the standpoint of psychological and pedagogical approaches. The authors consider the development of the concept’s content in a historical retrospective.
The interrelation between the concepts of professional preparedness, competence and competency is shown. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the theoretical and methodological analysis contributes to the comprehension of existing and developing of new models of training of specialists for the judicial system in the professional mediation and communication activities, searching for the innovative pedagogical technologies and teaching methodological systems in the professional training of the future specialists in mediation and communication activities.
The problem of the genesis of the concept “professional preparedness” remains in the field of research, supplementing the latter with the necessary component for specific research, obtaining previously unknown transformations of already existing interpretations, and proposing new models for the development of future professionals’ professional activity.
The study of the genesis of the concept allowed the authors to come to an understanding of professional preparedness as a complex integrative formation, acting as a link between professional competence and professional competency.
The analysis of psychological and pedagogical sources on the problem under study has shown that the actualization of the problem of professional preparedness of a specialist for judicial system to professional activity in general and its genesis, in particular, is of great importance for pedagogy of higher school. The theoretical significance of this study is determined by the fact that the received in the course of the study data not only contribute to clarifying the scientific interpretation of the concept “professional preparedness”, but also promote the development of higher school pedagogy theory in the context of formation of professional preparedness of specialists for the judicial system.
SOCIETY, LITERATURE AND WOMEN
Authors: K.P. Ushakumari
Published: May 2021

समाज, साहित्य और नारी
Arahan Kebijakan Untuk Mengurangi Dinamika Penggunaan Lahan pada DAS Antokan, Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Umar Iswandi
Published: May 2021

The need for land has increased every year, and this increase is caused by the rate of population growth, resulting in changes in land use. Uncontrolled land use conversion has led to catastrophic flooding in the Antokan watershed. The purpose of this study was to determine the direction of land use change policies in the Antokan Watershed, West Sumatra Province. To determine land use change using the GIS method with the overlay technique of land use maps for the period 2000-2020. Furthermore, to determine the policy direction using the ISM method involving 20 experts. Research results in the Antokan watershed have shown changes in land use of 4,178 hectares during the 2000-2020 period. Changes occur in forest areas, mixed gardens, shrubs, and rice fields which have decreased, on the other hand, settlements, plantations and open land have expanded. Furthermore, there are two sub-elements that are the priority for policy direction to reduce the rate of land use change, namely making regulations and firm sanctions on land use errors (E3) and consistency in enforcing land use laws (E4).
Factors Influencing the Utilization of “Uzhavan App” as Perceived by the Farmers in Tamil Nadu
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam - 628252, s Aravindh Kumar , c Karthikeyan ,   Department of Social Sciences Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam- 628252
Published: May 2021

Information Communication Technologies (ICT’s) is now performing as the third hand for shifting farmer’s life to next level by improving access to information and sharing of knowledge. Tamil Nadu Government has launched “Uzhavan” mobile application for the benefit of farmers. The focus of the present study is to find influencing factors on utilizing Uzhavan app as perceived by the farmers and to bring up the changes felt by the farmers after utilizing Uzhavan application. An ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. Data collected from a sample of 90 Uzhavan app users in Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu, India, during January 2020. Operability, Accuracy, Readability, Directness, Timeliness, Creditability and Reliability were the most influencing factors of the utilization of the Uzhavan app by the farmers. Farmers felt that Uzhavan app has relatively lowered the information searching time and it has created more awareness about Agricultural Government Schemes.
Phenotypic Diversity and Molecular diversity of Finger Millet Composite Collection and Identification of Trait Specific Germplasm for Use in Crop Improvement
Authors:   Department of Crop Improvement, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Eachangkottai, Thanjavur, A Bharathi
Published: May 2021

A composite collection of finger millet consisting of 1000 accessions representing the diversity of the entire germplasm at ICRISAT gene bank was developed, including 622 accessions of ICRISAT core collection. Phenotyping of the composite collection for 15 quantitative traits and 20 SSR markers genotyping data resulted in the identification of promising traitspecific accessions. Principal component analysis with seven components indicated relative importance of the traits (days to 50 % flowering, plant height, peduncle length, ear head length, and panicle exertion) to total divergence. Clustering analysis grouped biological races into three clusters wherein cultivated races vulgaris, plana, elongata, and compacta were grouped in Cluster I and wild races spontanea in Cluster II and africana in Cluster III. Accessions were identified as useful for important traits such as early flowering (34), high grain yield (38), fodder yield (19); more fingers (29); basal tiller number (25) and ear head length (28).
Implementation of fulfillment of rehabilitation rights against persons with disabilities yayasan peduli kemanusiaan bali related to COVID-19: Human rights perspective
Authors: Nandari Ni Putu Sawitri , Artami Ida Ayu Ketut , Dewi Kadek Vivi Prasanti Cita
Published: May 2021

Fulfillment of the rights of persons with disabilities can be implemented by the government and society through non-profit organizations, one of which is the Bali Humanitarian Care Foundation (YPK). YPK is one of the rehabilitation center foundations in Bali, the activities are carried out quite regularly. This type of research is empirical legal research. The data collected was obtained through interviews, observation and documentation at YPK (persons with physical disabilities. Data analysis techniques used qualitative methods. In early 2019 the world faced COVID-19 which caused various orders to undergo significant changes. Governor of Bali Number 46 of 2020 concerning health protocols up to Governor Circular Number 01 of 2021 concerning Restriction of Community Activities in dealing with COVID-19 which causes interaction patterns to change. The purpose of this study is to analyze the obstacles and solutions that occur in fulfilling the right to rehabilitation for persons with disabilities. There needs to be social attention that can be done in community participation, such as the types of fundraising to help rehabilitation therapy facilities and facilities.
ERASMUS+ PROGRAMME SEEN FROM THE EYES OF POTENTIAL BENEFICIARIES - DIRECT RESEARCH CARRIED OUT WITH STUDENTS -
Authors: Nichifor Bogdan , Ţimiraş Laura Cătălina
Published: May 2021

The ERASMUS programme was evaluated from a lot of point of views. Depending on the interest of the evaluation, studies were conducted to uncover information related to subjects like: the scope of the programme, the type of participants in the programme, the factors motivating the students to be mobile, the cost and funding of student mobility, the study conditions during the study period, the recognition of achievements during the study period abroad on return, the socio-cultural effect of the mobility (like becoming more “European”), the personal development effects etc. Based on the results of a direct research take on the students of the Faculty of Economic Sciences of the "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacău, the paper presents a series of results with reference to: the knowledge held by the students with reference to the Erasmus + program, how they he perceives it, the reasons underlying the intention to benefit from the program, as well as those underlying the lack of interest in it. The research carried out was performed on a sample of 116 students from bachelor's degree studies - years II and III of studies selected according to non-probability criteria, so that the obtained results exclusively reveal their point of view.
THE NEXUS BETWEEN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) AND MANUFACTURED EXPORT PERFORMANCE IN TANZANIA: AN AUTOREGRESSIVE DISTRIBUTED LAG (ARDL) APPROACH
Authors: Lwesya Francis - , Mohammed Kaluse
Published: May 2021

This paper examines the nexus between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Manufactured Export Performance in Tanzania using An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) for the period of 1980-2015. Real manufactured exports were used to proxy manufactured export performance. The findings show the existence of a positive and significant relationship between real manufactured exports and lagged FDI both in the short run and long run. The estimated error correction coefficient is negative and significant at one percent level. This confirms that all the variables (Real Manufactured Exports, FDI, Openness, and Real Effective Exchange Rate) are co-integrated and the speed of adjustment towards the long run equilibrium is at 78% annually. This suggests that FDI is one of the determinants of manufactured export performance in Tanzania. Thus, to stimulate more manufactured exports, Tanzania needs to attract FDIs that target the export sector along with increasing trade openness in a bid to build a competitive and sustainable value added manufacturing sector.
COPING DECISION, STRATEGIES AND RURAL HOUSEHOLDS WELFARE IN COTE D'IVOIRE
Authors: Melaine Ouoya Zrakpa
Published: May 2021

Shocks are ubiquitous in the daily life of rural people in Côte d'Ivoire, like many other developing countries. These shocked households have to choose between coping or not. With data from the Household Standard of Living Survey in Côte d'Ivoire (ENV2015), we use a probit model to analyze the factors influencing the decision of rural households to cope or not and then we identify the dominant strategies of these households facing shocks. A logit model allows us to understand the impact of the strategic choices made by these households on their well-being. We find that only health shocks have a positive influence on household’s coping decision. Also, for these various shocks (health shocks, natural shocks, economic shocks and shocks related to conflicts / crimes), the dominant strategies are the reduction of consumption, then the receipt of donations and borrowing. However, it is the reduction of food consumption, borrowing and the sale of assets that have a positive impact on these households welfare approximated by their poverty status.
CONTRIBUTION OF JEWISH MINORITY TO THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF BACAU
Authors: Filipoaia Cristina-Iolanda , Deju Mihai
Published: May 2021

During more than six centuries of existence, Bacău benefited both from the favourable socio-economic and political context, and from the interrelationships with the other communities, from the harmonious combination of these two elements resulting both the growth and development of the locality and the position in the local and regional hierarchy. The main beneficiaries of the progress made were of course the inhabitants, the city representing a living environment for them, as well as the essential factor in the functional dynamics and in the urban landscape. Giving meaning to the past, we must recognize that each community that contributed to the development of Bacău has its own history, Bacău becoming the trustee of the communities ‘history entirety, which in perfect communion with Romanians defined the complex identity of the locality. The Jewish community is no exception, whose collaboration with Romanians for over two centuries has contributed to increasing the economic level of development of the locality since the second half of the 18th century.
RISK MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT PROCESS. PARTICULARITIES AND SOLUTIONS FOR OPTIMIZING PUBLIC PROCUREMENT IN ROMANIA IN THE CONTEXT OF EMERGENCY CAUSED BY THE COVID-19 CRISIS
Authors: Ceocea Costel , Ceocea Raluca Alexandra , Vatamaniuc Adrian , Mihălaș Vasile
Published: May 2021

Public procurement involves adequate risk management, specific to the procurement portfolio established at the level of the organization. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, in accordance with the regulated framework established at the level of public institutions from Romania, decisions made at the level of contracting authorities must be based on risk management tools and mechanisms. These tools and mechanisms are defined on the basis of analyses of public procurement processes, carried out in compliance with the legal framework applicable at both European and national level. The new context created at the level of the contracting authorities in Romania, with the onset of the COVID-19 crisis, forced the management factors to adopt emergency decisions, to manage new risks and to implement rapid changes in public procurement processes, in the context of high uncertainty. This paper aims at analyzing the way decisions are made at the level of contracting authorities in Romania, in order to identify specific risk management mechanisms, based on the assessment and anticipation of risks related to public procurement organized in an matter of emergency.
Nova Era e Fé Cristã: mútua exclusão!?
Authors: Feller Vítor Galdino
Published: May 2021

Partimos de um dado ambíguo. No título deste artigo há um ponto de exclamação, uma afirmativa que nos deixa em estado de dupla perplexidade: o cristianismo não tem lugar na Nova Era e, portanto, deverá, por sua vez, rejeitá-la! Exatamente a religião que mais preza pela pretensão de ser vocacionada à universalidade e de anunciar o advento do Homem Novo e dos Novos Tempos ver-se-ia excluída pelos agentes e divulgadores da Nova Era. Sentindo-se seriamente abalada em seus dogmas fundamentais, a fé cristã se vê obrigada a reagir de modo polêmico às crenças e práticas desse novo fenômeno religioso. Fé cristã e Nova Era se excluem!...
Serological and Molecular Phylogenetic Detection of Coxiella burnetii in Lactating Cows, Iraq
Authors: Gharban Hasanain A.J. , Yousif Afaf A.
Published: May 2021

This study is carried out to investigate the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) infections in cattle using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting IS1111A transposase gene. A total of 130 lactating cows were randomly selected from different areas in Wasit province, Iraq and subjected to blood and milk sampling during the period extended between November 2018 and May 2019. ELISA and PCR tests revealed that 16.15% and 10% of the animals studied were respectively positive. Significant correlations (P<0.05) were detected between the positive results and clinical data. Two positive PCR products were analyzed phylogenetically, named as C. burnetii IQ-No.5 and C. burnetii IQ-No.6; and then recorded in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under an accession numbers of MN473204.1 and MN473205.1. Comparative identity of the local strains with NCBI-BLAST strains/isolates revealed 97% similarity and 0.1-0.6% of total genetic mutations/changes. NCBI-BLAST Homology Sequence reported high significant identity (P<0.05) between the local, C. burnetii IQ-No.5 and C. burnetii IQ-No.6; strains and C. burnetii 3345937 (CP014354.1) Netherlands isolate at 99.10% and 99.06%, respectively. The current study concluded that the percentage of infected cows with coxiellosis is relatively high, and Coxiella should be listed as abortive pathogen. Therefore, additional studies should be performed including different animals, samples, and regions.
Selection of high-quality sperms by nanotechnological method of magnetic activation in Brazilian cervids
Authors: Assumpção Teresinha Inês de , Santos André Luís Quagliatto , Duarte José Maurício Barbanti , Foschini Maurício , Vieira Caroline Silva
Published: May 2021

Cervids show a high degree of abnormalities in their sperm cells. Thus, this study aimed to select high-quality spermatozoa using magnetic-activated sperm sorting (MASS) compared to density gradient centrifugation (DGC) by assessing the post-selection cell quality. Semen from six Mazama deer was collected by electroejaculation after chemical restraint. The semen was analyzed in four samples: Fresh, DGC, SEMgood - non-apoptotic fraction, and SEMpoor - apoptotic fraction. The material was analyzed for motility and vigor (light microscopy), concentration (Neubauer chamber), semen morphology (phase contrast), and supravital staining test (eosin/ nigrosine). The DGC method used 20 x 106 cells in 90% and 45% percoll® gradient. The MASS used 10 x 106 cells with 20 μl of iron nanoparticles attached to Annexin V and filtration in a magnetic separation column. Both processing methods (DGC and MASS) were effective in producing high-quality sperm samples, with a marked reduction in abnormalities from 41.83 ± 10.25 (fresh) to 14.83 ± 3.17(DGC) and 12 ± 3.01(SEMgood), with 80.3% ± 2.06 livings cells. These findings suggest that this nanotechnological method, using nanoparticles, effectively produces high-quality semen samples in cervids for use in assisted reproduction.