bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
This is (not) a Joint
Authors: Sng Zachary
Published: January 2021

The readings of Hölderlin’s poetry by Walter Benjamin and Martin Heidegger place emphasis on the principle of articulation or joining, with particular attention to the question of how this principle of middling itself makes its appearance in literary representation. The figure of palintropic, invisible harmonia—borrowed from Heraclitus by Heidegger—is a vivid example of a joint that holds together and also apart, but must itself withdraw from appearance. This doubling-back of appearance has important parallels in Heidegger and Benjamin’s texts, which share a concern about preserving a sphere of “un-mediatizability” (Unmittelbarkeit). Their interest in representation at the very limits of what can be represented is considered alongside their use and thematization of punctuation, which is evoked at crucial junctures as a paradigmatic figure that brings word and image together in an ekphrastic comparison that also undercuts its own mimetic claims.
Lyric Meditude
Authors: Sng Zachary
Published: January 2021

John Ashbery’s self-declared preference for the middle and the debt to Hölderlin form the context for reading select poems from Where Shall I Wander (2005). The source of their anxiety is not the expanse on the other side of death, but the endless gaps opened up in the middle of things—not fini-tude, therefore, but medi-tude. Moving between Ashbery’s “The New Higher” and Hölderlin’s translation of Pindar’s “The Highest,” the reading explores what both have to say about relation, voice, and subjectivity. The poetic self is, they propose, constituted by addressing and turning to the other, but such acts seem to never arrive at their destination. We dwell instead in the spaces of the in-between: the caesura, the comma, the stutter or the sudden division of a line. Symptoms of perpetual delay and deferral, they also represent the life of poetic address as the infinite, restless movement of desire.
After Words
Authors: Sng Zachary
Published: January 2021

In tracking the middle, these leaps across the discontinuous terrain of periods and languages are needed. It is vital, however, that we not let them blind us to the gaps and intervals that are thereby traversed. The labor of middling is, like that of translation, necessary but impossible, never fully completed but always in the midst of taking place. The attention given to both German and British romantic writing, alongside modern French and American commentaries as well as classical sources, is motivated by my commitment to comparative literary studies. Yet the gestures of comparison and translation that characterize the field often take too much for granted about transparency, immediacy, and communicability. In the course of rethinking the middle, we have begun to reexamine the assumptions behind such critical acts. The point is not to undermine the legitimacy of these reading practices, but indeed to offer an opportunity to renew our understanding of their foundational principles.
Anthropological
Authors: Robbins Bruce
Published: January 2021

Surveys Balibar’s work and shows the value and genealogy of the notion of “Philosophical Anthropology” in his later writing.
A tenacious base isolation system using round steel bars
Authors: Tyler R. G.
Published: January 2021

The tenacity of reinforcing bars in resisting earthquake loading, after concrete had spalled away around them, suggests that round bars can be used to dissipate earthquake energy in base isolated buildings, provided a bow is introduced in the bars to allow them to extend as the building deflects on its bearings. Dynamic tests are described which enable a design method for such a system to be evolved. The method has the advantage of simplicity in that round bars available in normal engineering practice can be utilised, while a tensile capacity is introduced between the structure and the foundation which enables the system to progressively lock up under disaster conditions.
Tapered steel energy dissipators for earthquake resistant structures
Authors: Tyler R. G.
Published: January 2021

The paper describes the testing and design of tapered-steel cantilevers used as energy dissipating devices, manufactured from either round bar or plate, which can be used in isolation systems to protect buildings or bridge decks against earthquake attack. The steel cantilever energy absorber is a simple device which can be manufactured from steel supplies normally available in an engineering stores using standard engineering practice.
Validity and reliability of the Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire for the Turkish athletes
Authors: OZENER Burcu , KARABULUT Erdem , KOCAHAN Tugba , BILGIC Pelin
Published: January 2021

Objective: The aim of this research is to determine validity and reliability of Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (SNKQ) for
the Turkish athletes.
Patients and Methods: A total of 210 participants (n = 125 elite athletes and n = 85 Nutrition and Dietetics Department senior
students) aged 19-30 years were enrolled in the research. SNKQ was evaluated utilizing the psychometric criteria to determine the
reliability of items, test-retest reliability and known groups validity, by significance test (Independent Samples t-Test) of the difference
between the two groups. After two weeks, SNKQ was applied again to some participants (n = 42) with the purpose of assuring testretest
reliability.
Results: The Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire was detected as valid and reliable according to the high internal consistency
value (Kuder Richardson-20 (KR-20) = 0.927) and high test-retest reliability intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 0.974). The
difference between SNKQ total scores of athletes (36.0 ± 8.1) and Nutrition and Dietetics Department students (59.1 ± 5.98) was
statistically significant; thus, the known groups validity was obtained (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire is valid and reliable. It can be easily used to determine the nutrition
knowledge level of the Turkish athletes.
Effectiveness of dry needling in the treatment of neck pain and disability associated with myofascial trigger points
Authors: SANAL TOPRAK Canan , OZSOY UNUBOL Tugba
Published: January 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of dry needling (DN) with fast-in and fast-out technique for myofascial
trigger points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius muscle associated with neck pain.
Patients and Methods: Patients aged 18-70 years, who have had neck pain at least one active MTrP in the upper trapezius muscle
treated with DN, were included in the study. Pain and disability were assessed with Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Neck Disability
Index (NDI) before treatment (T0), after first session (T1) and after last session (T2). Number of MTrPs where DN was performed
and the number of DN sessions were recorded. Patients were evaluated based on the minimal clinically important change (MCIC)
scores for NRS and NDI.
Results: A total of 76 patients (Female: 67, Male: 9) were included in the study. Median number of DN sessions was 3 and median of
MTrPs that DN performed was 4. Both NRS and NDI showed significant improvement at T1 and T2. More than 90% of patients had
MCIC at T1 and T2.
Conclusion: Dry needling with fast-in and fast-out technique is effective for pain and disability management in patients with neck
pain due to MTrPs.
Readiness of the ASEAN Community for the 4th Industrial Revolution
Authors: Vora-Sittha Pornpen , Chinprateep Apirada
Published: January 2021

The study explores the readiness of ASEAN Community for the world Fourth Industrial Revolution, and to propose policy suggestions for stakeholder perspectives. The methodology used is SWOT and TOWS analysis. The results of the study show that only Singapore is the readiest country to face 4IR. Rest of ASEAN members moderately prepared for the world 4IR, except Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar. The size of the ASEAN digital economy has the opportunity to be ranked as the world's top five in 2025, drive-by e-commerce, large industrial plants with the participation of small and medium enterprises. Singapore may face employment disruption before other countries because of its most advanced in using AI technology.
Optical Fiber Waste Used as Reinforcement for Concrete with Recycled Marble Aggregate
Authors: Barbosa Maria Teresa , Santos White José dos , Ludwig Zélia , Souza Nelson Luis Dias de , Stephani Rodrigo , Oliveira Luiz Fernando Cappa de
Published: January 2021

Sustainable development in the 21st century depends on the reuse of materials and products, as well as on economic and environmental incentives for recycling. Several studies have sought to improve the quality of concrete, as well as its durability and strength, by adding fibers (metallic, polypropylene, carbon, vegetables) or by replacing the aggregate. The use of optical fiber waste in concrete is still incipient and few studies address the use of marble aggregate to be used in concrete. This research assesses the behavior of the mixture composed of: Portland cement + fine aggregate (sand from crushed marble waste) + coarse aggregate (gneiss) + optical fiber waste and water. The compressive strength, the tensile strength and the modulus of elasticity of concrete and the durability of optical fiber waste in alkaline composite were tested through microstructural evaluation. The results present an increase of about 20% in the mechanical properties and a reduction in the rigidity of the mixture, making the material more ductile. The superficial protection of the fibers made them more resistant to the alkaline attack of the cement. The knowledge acquired would allow the creation of sustainable concrete reinforced with optical fiber in a much more efficient way.
High Taxes on Cloudy Days: Dynamic State-Induced Price Components in Power Markets
Authors: Gökea Leonard , Madlener Reinhard
Published: January 2021

State-induced components constitute the major share of electricity prices for consumers and are generally charged at a fixed rate. We analyze the benefits of charging state-induced price components at time-varying rates instead, especially with regard to the integration of variable renewable energy (VRE) sources and to decarbonization. For this purpose, we apply a detailed power market model that puts particular emphasis on electricity demand and how it is sensitive to prices.For a quantitative case study, the model is parametrized to represent a German energy system with an 85% share of renewables in its power generation. We find that dynamization has a reducing effect on integration costs of VRE, ranging from 0.3 to 3.4 €/MWh. Furthermore, strong distributional effects in favor of flexible consumers can be observed.
Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) as a rare case of the rectum
Authors: Romańczyk A. , Ustymowicz W. , Ustymowicz K. , Zińczuk J. , Pryczynicz A.
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) is a rare tumor consist of two components, adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine differentiation. Every each have to represents at least 30% of the tumor. Diagnosis is based on cytology, architecture and immunostaining. Specific neuroendocrine markers for MANEC are chromogranin A and synaptophysin.
Purpose: In this paper, we aimed to present a case of MANEC arising from rectum.
Case presentation: 67-years-old man was admitted to the hospital due to abdominal pain, obstruction and blood in the stool. From the colonoscopy simple, the histopathological examination exposed microfoci of adenocarcinoma. Small pelvis MRI disclosed clinically known circular, solid infiltrate in the middle and upper part of the rectum. Local advancement in MRI was T4b N2 EMVI + CRM +. Patient underwent the neoadjuvant radiochemo-therapy. The control MRI revealed tumor reduction. Local advancement in MRI was yT3d yN0 EMVI + CRM + RG3. The histopathological examination of the surgical material revealed MANEC tissue consisting of Adenocarcinoma G2 (60%) and Large cell neuroendocrinal carcinoma (40%) pT3 pN0 pMx. Immunohistochemical staining revealed a positive expression of chromogranin A, synaptophysin and Ki67 - 80% in the neuro-endocrine component. Lymphonodulitis reactiva 19/19. Seminal vesicles without neoplastic infiltration. The patient was discharged in good general condition, with a recommendation of a follow-up visit at a surgical clinic.
Conclusions: MANEC is rare as a rectal neoplasm. Has no specific clinical symptoms. The most important in the diagnostic process is histopatho-logical analysis. Updating the knowledge about MANEC by new reports may optimize the diagnostic process, classification and treatment of this cancer.
DETERMINANTS OF CAREER CHOICE AMONG FEMALE UNDERGRADUATES IN OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY, NIGERIA
Authors: Oyebanji Bukola , Aliyu Kolawole
Published: January 2021

Why females choose a career path is a stimulating question among social educators. Consequently, this study investigated the role of some intrinsic, extrinsic, and interpersonal variables in shaping the choice of career of female undergraduates. An Online Career Choice Survey questionnaire was administered to 1440 first to fifth-year female undergraduates randomly selected from Obafemi Awolowo University. Data obtained were subjected to ordinal logistic regression and descriptive analysis. Two intrinsic factors; prestige and personal interest were found to play a huge role in the choice of career. Among extrinsic factors, females were more likely to choose a career path that offers career advancement through training. Gender stereotypes and societal expectations as pro-jected by the media was a key interpersonal factor that could shape present-day career paths for young women. Taken together, these results bring forth the need for stakeholders in the educational system (teachers, counselors, principals) to provide career and professional development opportu-nities periodically to enable female students to make informed career decisions. Finally, given the huge influence of media in shaping future aspirations, there is a dire need for the media to portray women in traditionally male-dominated careers.
SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEXT AND RELIGIOUS PERSPECTIVES FOR DOMES-TIC VIOLENCE IN MEZAM DIVISION, CAMEROON, A HISTORICAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Muntoh Eugene Muambeh
Published: January 2021

The socio-cultural and religious setting of Mezam division remains principal factors perpetuating domestic violence in several Mezam communities. Alarming rates of domestic violence greatly troubled majority of women who face a lot of challenges leaving abusive relationships. This paper critically examines the socio-cultural setting and religious perspectives of domestic violence in Mezam division. Primary and secondary source materials were consulted and from them, the paper contends that the dynamics in the socio-cultural setting of Mezam communities greatly influenced and perpetuated domestic violence. The people’s perceptions and attitudes towards domestic violence where shaped by their culture and traditional practices. The study revealed that religious believes such as Christianity and Islam equally had a major role to play as far as condoning and
perpetuating domestic vio-lence was concern.
EDUCATIONAL ANIMATION IN PEDAGOGY
Authors: Gejdoš Miroslav
Published: January 2021

In this paper we deal with animation in the school environment during the teaching process. We highlight an animation as an educational component that makes the lesson more attractive through various games, methods, techniques and tools. We point out that animation can be fully applied as a creative activity developing the potential of students. We also explain the concept of animation, its historical development, specifics and meaning in education.
Stone for My House
Authors: Ringle William , Negrón Tomás Gallareta , Bey George
Published: January 2021

Survey in the Puuc region, Yucatán, has revealed considerable evidence for small-scale quarrying and lime burning for construction purposes, as well as a high incidence of masonry architecture. In this chapter we discuss what must have been a substantial component of the Puuc Terminal Classic economy, especially if the construction of palaces and civic-ceremonial structures is included. This chapter addresses the stages involved in the procurement of building materials for housing and subsequent construction processes, especially of masonry structures. We then assess how construction may have been managed and its economic implications, suggesting that elite houses may have been tokens within a royal patronage network in which the size and elaboration of dwellings were subject to sumptuary considerations.
Introduction
Authors: Magnarella Paul J.
Published: January 2021

The introduction establishes the setting for Pete O’Neal’s life in the United States. It describes the social turbulence of the 1960s and 1970s, including that period’s civil strife, racial discrimination, national and urban unrest, and black power movements. It discusses the formation and ideologies of the Black Panther Party and the strained relations between the police and black citizens, as well as the racially uneven employment picture in Kansas City, Missouri, the city of Pete O’Neal’s formative years.
Leaving Algeria and Living in Tanzania
Authors: Magnarella Paul J.
Published: January 2021

In 1972 Pete and Charlotte O’Neal and their young son left Algeria for Tanzania where some African Americans from the mid-West had immigrated in response to the Tanzanian ambassador’s invitation to contribute to Tanzania’s building. On the way, Pete meets with Libya’s Muammar Khadafi, who gives him a ring and monetary aid. After a brief stay in Dar es Salaam, the O’Neals move to Ngaramtoni and become farmers. Charlotte explains why she wanted to leave Algeria in favor of Tanzania. In 1974 Tanzanian officials arrest many of the African American immigrants after discovering a small number of undeclared firearms in a shipment of household goods sent to them from the U.S. Police also arrest Pete O’Neal for possessing a walkie-talkie. The arrest and incarceration experience, known as the “Big Bust,” caused many of the Americans to leave Tanzania.
The U.S. Coast Survey, 1807–1844
Authors: Delgado James P. , Nagiewicz Stephen D.
Published: January 2021

The first scientific agency of the U.S. government, the U.S. Coast Survey, was approved by Congress in 1807 for the purposes of hydrographic survey and nautical charting. The survey’s origins, early struggles, and the career of the survey’s founder, Ferdinand Hassler, are discussed.
Walker’s Lost Crew
Authors: Delgado James P. , Nagiewicz Stephen D.
Published: January 2021

Through a review of genealogy, immigration records, and pension records, the biographies of most of the crew lost with Walker, as well as the subsequent impacts, when known, on their families, are recounted.
The 25 Dollar Wreck
Authors: Delgado James P. , Nagiewicz Stephen D.
Published: January 2021

This chapter discusses the post-sinking history of the shipwreck: first as an unmarked wreck impacted by fishing activities, then its rediscovery by wreck divers, the development ashore of nearby Atlantic City, and the factors leading to the identification of the wreck, as well as the work done to identify it.
Pablo Escobar and Narco Nostalgia
Authors: Pobutsky Aldona Bialowas
Published: January 2021

Chapter 1 looks into discourses surrounding the Medellín cartel and the present-day value of the Escobar brand. It explores how the popular media in Colombia has reproduced one type of narco, whose flamboyance and caudillo-like attitudes reflect the behaviors associated with Escobar and his ilk, rather than the more discreet figureheads of today’s drug-trafficking. This take on Escobar’s history created a nostalgic version of the hedonistic capos and their conspicuous consumption, thereby strategically resurrecting and fetishizing Colombia’s arguably worst criminal. It also draws attention away from present-day narco alliances that still plague Colombia. The second half of the chapter focuses on narco aesthetics, which appear in every facet of popular culture, from architecture and music to media production, fashion, and the female body ideal. It explores the conflict between Escobar’s tangible legacy (properties, prison) vis-à-vis Medellín’s push toward rebranding itself as a peaceful site of incomparable physical beauty. While the state strives to erase his memory by either neglecting or destroying places of related to Escobar, the latest trends in global tourism are doing exactly the opposite; they promote the exploration of thrilling experiences, thereby reviving Escobar’s popularity worldwide through narco tourism, against the wishes of many locals.
Between Wonder and Resonance
Authors: Sklodowska Elzbieta
Published: January 2021

Ediciones Vigía’s use of found materials, spirit of improvisation, and aesthetic of bricolage echo the ethos of the Special Period, a time of extreme austerity measures prompted by the loss of Soviet subsidies in the early 1990s. Although Vigía was not a product of the era, it has been grafted onto the history of revolutionary Cuba because of these resonances. By considering Vigía in relationship to other fine art movements (including the art collective, Ordo Amoris) and Cuban popular culture (like the official pamphlet, Con nuestros propios esfuerzos), this chapter illustrates the myriad ways the Special Period is remembered and reconfigured in the collective memory of contemporary Cuba.
The Pedro Pan Paradox
Authors: Shnookal Deborah
Published: January 2021

This chapter considers the many myths and contradictions in common understandings of Operation Pedro Pan. Although people on the island often regard the exodus as a criminal act against the Cuban revolution, no children were prevented from leaving and no one was ever charged or imprisoned for organizing their departures. This chapter also discusses how the story of the “rescue” mission became an ideological foundation of the Cuban-American community in the United States and how, ironically, in the 1999–2000 international custody battle over the refugee child Elián González, a Cuban father’s right of patria potestad was temporarily overturned by the toxic exile politics of Miami’s Cuban community. The author also explains how some young Cuban-Americans, many of them former Pedro Pans, later took the initiative to establish the Antonio Maceo Brigade in order to reconnect with their Cuban roots, despite threats of physical attacks (and even murder, in the case of Carlos Muñiz) by anti-Castro terrorist groups, such as Omega 7.
The Pay-TV Law and the New Brazilian Mediascape
Authors: Carter Eli Lee
Published: January 2021

This chapter establishes Brazil’s 2011 Pay-TV Law (Law 12.485/11) as the marker of the onset of the new, still-developing Brazilian mediascape. The chapter outlines the major tenets of the Pay-TV Law while also situating its development and adoption within the larger political milieu beginning in 1990. By analyzing a wide array of data during the period between 1990 and 2018 and by emphasizing the increased presence of independent production companies, the number of hours produced, the number of distribution channels, funding sources, and the uptick in the creation of series, the analysis reveals the significant extent to which the Brazilian mediascape has expanded and become increasingly competitive since 2011.
Conclusion
Authors: Carter Eli Lee
Published: January 2021

Although more changes will certainly arise as the transformations to the Brazilian mediascape continue to take hold, it is clear that the confluence of legislative, technological, economic, and creative factors during the post-2011 context have given way to the most competitive mediascape in the history of Brazil. This particular moment represents a snapshot of Brazil, where the increasingly diverse field of television and Internet fiction is altering the relationships between distributor and producer and producer and viewer, and where a hegemonic force like Globo struggles to maintain and reproduce its audiences in the face of a number of subnational, transnational, and global movements, organizations, and technologies. In short, in the new Brazilian mediascape, while Globo competes with national and international pay-television channels, YouTube, and Netflix and while telenovelas compete with series, both local and foreign, more Brazilians in more parts of Brazil are faced with more symbolic portrayals of the nation than ever before. The result is a Brazil reframed by the small screens.
LINGUACULTURAL DOMINANTS IN MODERN RUSSIAN MEDIA WORD CREATION
Authors: Samylicheva Nadezhda
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of linguacultural dominants in modern word-formation processes. The high degree of expressiveness and evaluation characteristic of the language of modern media is manifested quite clearly at the level of word formation. Neologisms, in which the internal form appears in the most naked form, are an indicator and exponent of certain value orientations in society.
SPEAKING ACCURACY OF RUSSIAN LANGUAGE LEARNERS IN CZECH LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Krejčí Janina
Published: January 2021

In the process of learning a foreign language, a mastery of means of expression is a prerequisite for a mastery of speaking skills. This article mainly focuses on the problem of learner language accuracy, as well as that of errors in the process of second language acquisition. The article presents the results of a study of Czech lower secondary school students’ language that aims to qualify the accuracy of speech during a dialogue in selected communicative situations.
Revenge porn a deepfakes: ochrana soukromí v éře moderních technologií
Authors: Dvořáková Michaela
Published: January 2021

Rozvoj moderních technologií je neodlučitelně spojen s novými způsoby zásahů do práva na soukromí. V uplynulých letech se mnoho lidí osobně setkalo s jedním z nich, fenoménem přezdívaným revenge porn (anebo obecněji nekonsenzuální pornografie). Po internetu byly totiž šířeny jejich intimní anebo sexuální fotografie či videa, která buďto někdo nedovoleně rozšířil, anebo dokonce i pořídil bez jejich vědomí. Od roku 2017 je hrozba v tomto směru ještě o poznání větší, a to z důvodu rozvoje technologie deepfake, která umožňuje takové záznamy dokonce uměle vytvářet. A přestože představuje i jiná rizika, prozatím se rozšířila převážně v oblasti nedovoleně vytvářených sexuálních záznamů. Téměř kdokoliv tak na internetu může v budoucnu najít pornografické video, v němž účinkuje, aniž by jej kdy natočil. Taková skutečnost pochopitelně zaklá- dá znatelný zásah do práva na soukromí. Otázkami ohledně rozvoje porno- grafických deepfakes a souvisejícími právními aspekty se tento článek zabývá.
Enriching Responsiveness to Complicity through a Disposition towards World-in-Formation
Authors: Vogler Gisli ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2021

This article contributes to debates on complicity in injustice and violence by deepening the recent efforts to map out an ethics of responsiveness to complicity. The ethics of responsiveness aims to increase the affective engagement of people who disproportionately benefit from domination, exploitation, and exclusion, with the impact of their complicity on others. It articulates different strategies for tackling the dispositions that help the privileged disavow complicity. To extend the responsiveness approach, this article builds on Hannah Arendt’s theorisation of the relationship between politics, reality, and responsibility. A turn to Arendt helps us respond to the political problem of an erosion of the frameworks of judgement and action across society that enable critical engagement with complicity. I argue that the problem adds a burden on the privileged to strengthen and protect the institutions and processes that allow us to come to terms with reality together by developing a disposition towards ‘world-in-formation.’
Efficacy of Natural Family Planning Methods
Authors: Fehring Richard J. ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: January 2021

There is a difference between effectiveness and efficacy studies involving family planning methods. Efficacy studies determine whether a method works as expected in specified research conditions; effectiveness studies measure how well a method works in real life. The efficacy of a family planning method is usually determined prospectively by studies conducted in a controlled environment. Effectiveness, on the other hand, is based on the unintended-pregnancy rate among a large population of users over time, usually determined retrospectively through chart reviews or surveys. Most studies of NFP are controlled studies—that is, they are efficacy rather than effectiveness studies.
The causal relationship between current account and financial account balance in Western Balkan countries: The case of Serbia
Authors: Kovačević Radovan
Published: January 2021

The Western Balkans (WB) countries registered an increase in the current account (CA) deficit and net capital inflow in the period before the outbreak of the global financial crisis of 2008. The external debt of these countries has increased. The aim of this paper is to examine the causality relationship between the CA and financial accounts (FA) balance of Serbia. A framework for the empirical analysis is the vector autoregression (VAR) model and the vector error correction (VEC) model. Using the Johansen cointegration test, we find the existence of a long-run causality relationship between these two variables. The estimated long-run coefficient on the FA variable as an independent variable shows that an increase of Serbia's FA balance by 1% leads to an increase in the CA deficit of Serbia by 0.58%. Applying the Granger causality test, it was found that causality runs from FA to the CA, which implies recommendations for economic policymakers. The finding indicates the need to continuously check the sustainability of the CA deficit of Serbia, as well as to monitor the level of presence of foreign capital in the Serbian economy.
Empirical research of foreign direct investment determinants in developing countries: A case study of the Western Balkan countries
Authors: Papović Zoran , Dević Željko , Radivojević Nikola
Published: January 2021

This paper presents the results of an original empirical research of the effects and the importance of foreign direct investments on the economic development of developing countries, as well as the determinants of attracting them, with particular reference to European developing countries, which was conducted using panel data through an example of selected Western Balkan countries: Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia. The research was conducted during the period from 2000 to 2017. The research results show that there is no statistically significant connection between political risk indices, GDP and unemployment rates and technology transfers, on the one hand, and FDI inflow rates, on the other. The results of the analysis reveal that the FDI rate is inversely proportional to the inflation rate in the host country.
Reserve 100-Dinar banknote
Authors: Pantelić Svetlana
Published: January 2021

The 100-dinar banknote dated 15 July 1934 is a reserve banknote produced as a result of the worsened economic and international relations in Europe, which had motivated the competent state bodies and the National Bank of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia to start amassing war reserves. Out of the total 24,565,000 banknotes, the National Bank had released a smaller part into circulation between 6-15 April 1941, to pay the military units. A larger part of the banknotes was destroyed, while another smaller part was stolen by the occupying forces and used for payments in the occupied country. The banknote was produced at the Institute for Manufacturing Banknotes and Coins, according to the drawing of Vasa Pomorišac, an academic painter, in cooperation with a print-maker, Panta Stojićević, and an engraver, Veljko Kun.
Organized crime and narcotics introductory clarifications
Authors: Ignjatović Đorđe
Published: January 2021

Article is the first step in explaining complex relation between drugs and organized crime. Firstly, in order to better understand those relations, there are definitions of organized crime (type of property crime, determined by the existence of criminal organization which runs a permanent illegal business with the intention of maximizing profit, using violence to establish a monopoly over certain territory and the corruption of authority representatives) and drugs (illicit psychoactive substances - PAS - that affect addiction or changes in consumer consciousness). After that, author present their classifications and put an accent on "the new drugs" - club drugs and designer drugs. Before processing to the other considerations, he emphasize the distinctions among "drug-related crime" and "drug-addict crime" (crimes done by drugabusing offenders). Special attention is directed at the considerations of scientific research about influence of drugs on human behavior, especially on criminal conduct. It was concluded that between these phenomena there is a correlation, but not causality, which means that drug-abusing does not presume a crime. The importance of this assertion lies in the fact that media, general public, and even legislators often have completely opposite opinion on this problem. This is the reason why, on the one hand, citizens of various countries think that drugrelated crime means criminal activity, and on the other hand, political decision makers are constantly making criminal reaction too harsh not only towards wrongdoers who puts drugs into circulation ("dealing") only, but for drug-abusers, too. Unfortunately, the same thing has happened to Serbia which made criminal reaction quite severe in the area of drug-related crimes for many times in the last decade. Subjects who present considerable data about number of persons who are arrested or been serving a sentence in penitentiary institutions for drug-crimes should explain a few things. Firstly, they should account how many of them are deprived because they have been engaged in producing or selling substances that are declared narcotics. Secondly, they should clarify how many prisoners abused drugs before deprivation and how many during a sentence serving. Criminologists had an important assignment to persuade public and legislators that the most of actual beliefs about criminal reaction on drug-related crime are not based on scientific opinions. The biggest mistake is thinking that drug-abusing only leads to crime. In the environment where criminologists had major influence on the public and politicians, an apparent trend of reduction of criminal reaction or even decriminalization of some conducts in the area of drug-related crime has been noticed. They are treating narcotic addiction as medical, not criminal problem.
Social ties between criminal networks in cocaine trafficking in Europe
Authors: Stevanović Kosara
Published: January 2021

This paper is highlighting the main criminal networks that are trafficking cocaine in Europe, through the lenses of social embeddedness and criminal network theories. We will try to show that social ties between European and Latin American organized crime networks, as well as between different European crime networks, are the main reason for the staggering success of European criminal groups in cocaine trafficking in the 21st century. In the beginning, we lay out the social embeddedness theory and criminal network theory, and then we review the main criminal networks involved in cocaine trafficking in Europe and social ties between them, with special attention to Serbian and Montenegrin criminal networks. At the end of the article, we analyze what role does ethnicity, seen as social ties based on common language and tradition, play in cocaine trafficking in Europe.
Plea bargain: Term, legal nature and use of the plea bargain as evidence
Authors: Blažić-Pavićević Minja
Published: January 2021

Plea bargain is an institute that is used in most different criminal proceedings, and does not represent an issue in matter when a certain criminal event is being related to a single perpetrator of a criminal act. In situations where more perpetrators exist, or more criminal acts, verdict that has accepted the plea bargain can be frequently used as evidence, which cannot be tested. Having in mind that Code of criminal proceedings is regulating three kinds of bargains between public attorney and offender, those being plea bargaining of criminal act, which goal is to rationalize the sole criminal procedure, as well as bargain on account of witnessing of offender or convict, whose goal is to efficiently carry out the procedure in relation to other offenders of criminal acts, question is raised on why is plea bargain used as evidence in criminal procedure. Using the plea bargain as evidence, without option of that evidence being tested, represents a violation of the right to defense, right to fair trial and presumption of innocence. Having in mind the fact that principle of material truth is not one of principles in criminal procedure, as well as the fact that option to sign the plea bargain is not limited with qualification of criminal act, nor prescribed punishment, as well as the matter of facing practical problems of using the plea bargain as a formed fact, that cannot be tested, questions is raised how can we solve the practical problem using theory. It's doubtless that public attorney is benefiting from the option of using plea bargain as established and inexcusable evidence, but the position of defense is in matter here, and its position to test the evidence that cannot be a subject of dispute. Having in mind that public attorney has on disposal other bargains as well, that can be signed with the offender, or convicted person in goal of efficiently implementing the proceedings in relation to other offenders of criminal acts, we realize that using the plea bargain should have for, its purpose, sole rationalization of criminal procedure. Alongside criminal procedures that are finalized, there are many criminal proceedings that are not finalized, where defense is helplessly fighting the use of plea bargain as evidence. Realizing the practical problem, it can be useful to take this issue in aspect from few angles, as well as suggesting the means on how to solve a problem in issue. In regard what was said earlier, in goal of respecting the principles of criminal procedure, changes of Code of criminal procedure were suggested, as well as easier solution regarding the lawful stand of Supreme Court of cassation that would answer this theoretical problem, would fulfill the void in law system, harmonize case law, as well as fully respect and use right to defense.
The ancient Roman ius vitae ac necis (the right to life and death) and modern abuse of women (femicide)
Authors: Deretić Nataša
Published: January 2021

This paper attempts to answer the question as to whether the right to "life and death" of a woman (ius vitae ac necis) at the hands of male family members or partners is indeed a timeless category. Is it possible that in Serbia of the 21st century there is still a struggle to promote the "right to life" of women to the level of "basic human rights"? What contributed to the fact that the concept of innate human dignity based on "human rights", which dates back from the feudal social order, has not as yet fully come to life in Serbia as far as women are concerned. What social circumstances contributed to the Roman ius vitae ac necis to outlive centuries and take root especially in Serbia, only under a different name - that of femicide? This notion has been defined as "gender based murder of women, girls, and babies of female sex by persons of the male sex". The murderers in cases of femicide include partners (ex / current, spouses or extramarital), family members or relatives: father, father-in-law, son, son-in-law, etc. Both expert and general public wander whether enforcing more stringent norms by authorities or acting towards changing the consciousness of the abusers or both at the same time, can contribute to eradicating this devastating phenomenon in the 21st century.
Animals as a subject of registered stocks
Authors: Pajtić Bojan
Published: January 2021

The adoption of the law that has introduced non-possessory lien securing the movable property and rights (colloquially called Act on registered pledge), allowed the commitment of animals, through registration in the register of stocks in the Business Registers Agency. The topic has been chosen, both because of the practical reasons (more and more domestic animals are being registered as collaterals in the Register), and because there are no articles on this topic in our legal science. In the article the emphasis is placed on the regulation of the legal status of animals, especially in the Act on registered bets, the Law on Obligations and Preliminary Draft of Serbian Civil Code. Special attention was devoted to the Animal Welfare Act, because of the provisions of this legal regulation that follow a series of obligations for the sides in the contract of registered pledge, as well as certain restrictions with regard to the animal as an object of inventory. Although our legislature is obliged, in accordance with the obligation of harmonizing national legal regulations with EU regulations, to implement higher standards in the treatment of animals as beings who have feelings, it is only partially done in our law. Draft Civil Code retains an approach that had the Law of Obligations Act 1978, treating animals as classical chattel. Such an approach has been abandoned in all the most important civil codification. The paper presents the proposals relating to the improvement of the existing legislation in this area. Proposals for amending the Law on registered pledges are defined in relation to issues not resolved by this piece of legislation, such as the question of the legal status of unborn offspring. It points to the practices of the Agency for Business Registers that is not based on law, which involves entering the maximum amount of credit to pledge any security. Despite the Act did not define the registered pledge restrictions in the case of animal advocacy, the paper, by applying provisions of the Animal Welfare Act, indicates which species should be excluded from the circle of potential subjects of pledge security, but also indicates the species that have not been registered ever, without obvious practical reasons, or formal ban.
Understanding the democracy of Božidar S. Marković
Authors: Kovačević Slaviša
Published: January 2021

Overcoming the obvious democracy crisis is possible to be done by taking an insight into our democratic thought. This paper reminds, directs, actualises, values and reminds scientifically-democratic thought of Bozidar S. Markovic, in a real context of strenuous processes of intoducing and consolidating democracy in Serbia. Understanding democracy of Bozidar S. Markovic is a theoretical framework which satisfies criteria of scientific generalisation, for it includes characteristic and essential landmarks of democracy and criteria of methodological contextuality for different and specific experiences of certain countries and their people. In this paper the frameworks of democracy are being thematized, with its characteristics, good and bad sides in the circumstances of our current political practice.
Development, Implementation, and Patient Perspectives of the Women’s Integrative Sexual Health Program: A Program Designed to Address the Sexual Side Effects of Cancer Treatment
Authors: A. Seaborne, MPAS, PA-C Lori , Peterson, DNP Megan , M. Kuschner, MD David , Sobecki, MD, MA Janelle , K. Rash, MPAS, PA-C Joanne
Published: January 2021

Background: Advanced practitioners (APs) are a growing demographic in survivorship care. One goal of survivorship care is to manage consequences of cancer treatments. Sexual dysfunction from prior therapies can impact quality of life. Advanced practitioners are perfectly poised to provide care for sexual problems. This article will describe the development and implementation of the Women’s Integrative Sexual Health (WISH) program by APs within a comprehensive cancer center and describe patient perspectives of care provided. Methods: Two physician assistants working in gynecologic oncology at the University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center implemented a program to address sexual side effects of cancer treatment. An online survey was sent out to all patients seen in the WISH program since inception. Results: Between November 2013 and July 2019, 228 patients were seen in the WISH program. A total of 113 women responded (median age: 53 years, range: 31–77; 68% postmenopausal; response rate: 53.8%). Most had breast (57%) or gynecologic (32%) cancers. When asked how helpful the WISH program was, 88% reported that it was at least somewhat helpful. Almost all (95%) reported they would recommend the WISH program to other women. Conclusion: The WISH program enhances comprehensive survivorship care of female cancer survivors. Women report they benefit from care for sexual issues after cancer treatments. Advanced practitioners working in oncology are uniquely positioned to educate themselves, take leadership roles in the development and implementation of programs, and provide care to women affected by sexual side effects after cancer.
ACPTgene is inactivated in mammalian lineages that lack enamel or teeth
Authors: Mu Yuan , Huang Xin , Liu Rui , Gai Yulin , Liang Na , Yin Daiqing , Shan Lei , Xu Shixia , Yang Guang
Published: January 2021

Loss of tooth or enamel is widespread in multiple mammal lineages. Although several studies have been reported, the evolutionary mechanisms of tooth/enamel loss are still unclear. Most previous studies have found that some tooth-related genes have been inactivated in toothless and/or enamel-less mammals, such asENAM,ODAM,C4orf26,AMBN,AMTN,DSPP, etc. Here, we conducted evolutionary analyses onACPTplaying a key role in amelogenesis, to interrogate the mechanisms. We obtained theACPTsequences from 116 species, including edentulous and enamel-less mammals. The results shows that variant ORF-disrupting mutations were detected inACPTcoding region among nine edentulous baleen whales and three enamel-less taxa (pygmy sperm whale, aardvark, nine-banded armadillo). Furtherly, selective pressure uncovered that the selective constraints have been relaxed among all toothless and enamel-less lineages. Moreover, our results support the hypothesis that mineralized teeth were lost or degenerated in the common ancestor of crown Mysticeti through two shared single-base sites deletion in exon 4 and 5 ofACPTamong all living baleen whales.DN/dSvalues on transitional branches were used to estimateACPTinactivation records. In the case of aardvark, inactivation ofACPTwas estimated at ~23.60–28.32 Ma, which is earlier than oldest aardvark fossil record (Orycteropus minutus, ~19 Ma), suggesting thatACPTinactivation may result in degeneration or loss of enamel. Conversely, the inactivation time ofACPTestimated in armadillo (~10.18–11.30 Ma) is later than oldest fossil record, suggesting that inactivation ofACPTmay result from degeneration or loss of enamel in these mammals. Our findings suggested that different mechanisms of degeneration of tooth/enamel might exist among toothless and enamel-less lineages during evolution. Our study further considered thatACPTis a novel gene for studying tooth evolution.