bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insights into Gut Microbiome Composition in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Comprehensive Examination of Dietary Habits and Environmental Influences
Authors: Lelonek Edyta , Szepietowski Jacek C.
Published: June 2024

This study explores the relationship between dietary habits, environmental influences, and gut microbiome composition in individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a chronic inflammatory skin condition. A cohort of 80 participants, equally divided into HS patients and healthy controls, was assessed through comprehensive questionnaires capturing demographics, dietary habits, and other health-related information. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed using next-generation sequencing to examine microbiome composition. Despite previous studies suggesting gut dysbiosis in HS, this research found no significant differences in alpha-diversity and Shannon diversity index between the groups. However, significant disparities in dietary habits were observed, with HS patients showing higher sugar and milk consumption. The study also identified a significant correlation between coffee consumption and the presence of certain bacterial genera. While the study did not reveal major differences in microbiome diversity, the findings on dietary habits and specific microbiome components suggest potential targets for therapeutic intervention. These results underscore the importance of further research into the gut–skin axis and its role in HS, aiming to enhance management strategies through dietary modifications and lifestyle interventions.
Immediate Implant Placement at an Inflammatory Periapical Cyst Site in the Aesthetic Area
Authors: Perez Alexandre , Layac Mathilde , Lombardi Tommaso
Published: June 2024

A healthy 47-year-old woman consulted the Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit of the University Hospitals of Geneva with a request to treat her painful tooth 11 and replace the missing tooth 21. The dental history revealed that the patient had lost teeth 21 and 22 due to advanced caries. On clinical examination, tooth 11 showed an ill-fitting prosthetic crown with overhanging margins, an increased localized probing depth of 8 mm in the disto-vestibular area, and sensitivity to percussion. The edentulous site 21 showed horizontal bone atrophy. Radiological examination revealed a well-defined unilocular radiotransparent lesion surrounded by a thin radiolucent border, located at the apex of tooth 11 and measuring 10 × 8 mm. The treatment consisted of extraction of 11, enucleation of the apical lesion, and insertion of implants at sites 11 and 21 with simultaneous bone augmentation in a single surgical procedure, with aesthetic and functional results at 3-year follow-up without any complications. Our case highlights that immediate implant placement in cases of cystic periapical lesions represents a good valid alternative to standard treatment.
Development and Optimization of a Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay Adapted to 3D Cell Cultures
Authors: Castiglione Héloïse , Madrange Lucie , Lemonnier Thomas , Deslys Jean-Philippe , Yates Frank , Vigneron Pierre-Antoine
Published: June 2024

In recent years, 3D cell culture systems have emerged as sophisticated in vitro models, providing valuable insights into human physiology and diseases. The transition from traditional 2D to advanced 3D cultures has introduced novel obstacles, complicating the characterization and analysis of these models. While the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay has long been a standard readout for viability and cytotoxicity assessments in 2D cultures, its applicability in long-term 3D cultures is hindered by inappropriate normalization and low LDH stability over time. In response to these challenges, we propose an optimization of LDH assays, including a crucial normalization step based on total protein quantification and a storage method using an LDH preservation buffer. We applied it to compare unexposed cerebral organoids with organoids exposed to a toxic dose of valproic acid, and showed efficient normalization of cellular viability as well as enhanced LDH stability within the buffer. Importantly, normalized LDH activity results obtained were independent of organoid dimension and cell density. This refined LDH assay, tailored to address 3D culture constraints, allows for the transposition of this routine test from 2D to 3D cultures.
Preventing High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Related Hepatic Steatosis by Chlorin e6-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Gurung Pallavi , Lim Junmo , Kim Yong-Wan
Published: June 2024

Obesity and its associated hepatic steatosis have become a global concern, posing numerous health hazards. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a unique approach that promotes anti-obesity by releasing intracellular fat. Chlorin e6 (Ce6)-PDT was tested for its anti-obesity properties in male ovariectomized (OVX) beagle dogs, as well as male C57BL/6 and Balb/c mice. The 12 OVX beagles were randomly assigned to one of four groups: high-fat diet (HFD) only, Ce6 only, Ce6 + 10 min of light-emitting diode light (LED) treatment, and Ce6 + 15 min of light treatment. We assessed several parameters, such as body weight, adipose tissue morphology, serum biochemistry, and body fat content analysis by computed tomography (CT) scan in HFD-fed beagle dogs. At the end of the study period, dogs that were treated for 35 days with Ce6 and exposed to LED irradiation (660 nm) either for 10 min (Ce6 + 10 min of light) or for 15 min (Ce6 + 15 min of light) had decreased body weight, including visceral and subcutaneous fats, lower aspartate transaminase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) ratios, and a reduction in the area of individual adipocytes with a concomitant increase in the number of adipocytes. Furthermore, C57BL/6 male mice following an HFD diet were effectively treated by Ce6-PDT treatment through a reduction in weight gain and fat accumulation. Meanwhile, Ce6-PDT attenuated hepatocyte steatosis by decreasing the epididymal adipose tissue and balloon degeneration in hepatocytes in HFD-fed Balb/c mice. Taken together, our results support the idea that Ce6-PDT is a promising therapeutic strategy for the recovery of obesity and obesity-related hepatic steatosis.
Enhancing the Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drugs
Authors: Pinal Rodolfo
Published: June 2024

The poor aqueous solubility of drugs is such a frequent challenge to drug absorption, bioavailability, and drug delivery that it is occasionally spoken about as an “unwritten rule” in drug product development [...]
Research on a Data Preprocessing Method for a Vehicle-Mounted Solar Occultation Flux–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer
Authors: Deng Yasong , Xu Liang , Jin Ling , Sun Yongfeng , Shu Shengquan , Liu Jianguo , Liu Wenqing
Published: June 2024

A vehicle-mounted solar occultation flux–Fourier transform infrared spectrometer uses the sun as an infrared light source to quantify molecular absorption in the atmosphere. It can be used for the rapid three-dimensional monitoring of pollutant emissions and the column concentration monitoring of greenhouse gases. The system has the advantages of high mobility and a capacity for noncontact measurement and measurement over long distances. However, in vehicle-mounted applications, vehicle bumps and obstacles introduce aberrations in the measured spectra, affecting the accuracy of gas concentration inversion results and flux calculations. In this paper, we propose a spectral data preprocessing method that combines a self-organizing mapping neural network and correlation analysis to reject anomalous spectral data measured by the solar occultation flux–Fourier transform infrared spectrometer during mobile observations. Compared to the traditional method, this method does not need to adjust the comparison threshold and obtain the training spectra in advance and has the advantage of automatically updating the weights without the need to set fixed correlation comparison coefficients. The accurate identification of all anomalous simulated spectra in the simulation experiments proved the effectiveness of the method. In the vehicle-mounted application experiment, 342 anomalous spectra were successfully screened from 1739 spectral data points. The experimental results show that the method can improve the accuracy of gas concentration measurement results and can be applied to a vehicle-mounted solar occultation flux–Fourier transform infrared spectrometer system to meet the preprocessing needs of a high number of spectral data in mobile monitoring.
Impact of Crystal Orientation on Modulation Bandwidth: Towards GaN LED-Based High-Speed Visible Light Communication
Authors: Faruki Md Jahid , Bera Krishnendu , Karmakar Nemai
Published: June 2024

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with high modulation bandwidth are required for high-speed visible light communication applications. Crystal orientation in the GaN LED structure plays a key factor in its modulation bandwidth as the recombination lifetime is highly dependent on crystal orientation owing to the Quantum-Confined Stark Effect (QCSE). In this study, six different crystal orientation multi-quantum well (MQW) GaN LEDs are simulated to understand the impact of heterostructure orientation on modulation bandwidth, radiative recombination rates, and emission intensity. The results of this study demonstrate that semi-polar 101¯3¯ MQW LEDs provide the highest bandwidth in the current density range of 9–20 kA/cm2 compared to the other five orientations. For instance, the semi-polar 101¯3¯-based LED offers a modulation bandwidth of 912.7 MHz at 20 kA/cm2 current density. These results suggest that the semi-polar 101¯3¯ orientation-based LED has the potential to support a high-speed visible light communication system.
Root Zone Water Management Effects on Soil Hydrothermal Properties and Sweet Potato Yield
Authors: Huang Shihao , Zhao Lei , Zhang Tingge , Qin Minghui , Yin Tao , Liu Qing , Li Huan
Published: June 2024

Sufficient soil moisture is required to ensure the successful transplantation of sweet potato seedlings. Thus, reasonable water management is essential for achieving high quality and yield in sweet potato production. We conducted field experiments in northern China, planted on 18 May and harvested on 18 October 2021, at the Nancun Experimental Base of Qingdao Agricultural University. Three water management treatments were tested for sweet potato seedlings after transplanting: hole irrigation (W1), optimized drip irrigation (W2), and traditional drip irrigation (W3). The variation characteristics of soil volumetric water content, soil temperature, and soil CO2 concentration in the root zone were monitored in situ for 0–50 days. The agronomy, root morphology, photosynthetic parameters, 13C accumulation, yield, and yield components of sweet potato were determined. The results showed that soil VWC was maintained at 22–25% and 27–32% in the hole irrigation and combined drip irrigation treatments, respectively, from 0 to 30 days after transplanting. However, there was no significant difference between the traditional (W3) and optimized (W2) drip irrigation systems. From 30 to 50 days after transplanting, the VWC decreased significantly in all treatments, with significant differences among all treatments. Soil CO2 concentrations were positively correlated with VWC from 0 to 30 days after transplanting but gradually increased from 30 to 50 days, with significant differences among treatments. Soil temperature varied with fluctuations in air temperature, with no significant differences among treatments. Sweet potato survival rates were significantly lower in the hole irrigation treatments than in the drip irrigation treatments, with no significant difference between W2 and W3. The aboveground biomass, photosynthetic parameters, and leaf area index were significantly higher under drip irrigation than under hole irrigation, and values were higher in W3 than in W2. However, the total root length, root volume, and 13C partitioning rate were higher in W2 than in W3. These findings suggest that excessive drip irrigation can lead to an imbalance in sweet potato reservoir sources. Compared with W1, the W2 and W3 treatments exhibited significant yield increases of 42.98% and 36.49%, respectively. The W2 treatment had the lowest sweet potato deformity rate.
Pollination Ecology, Breeding System, and Conservation of Butia lallemantii Deble & Marchiori (Arecaceae): A Useful Dwarf Palm Tree from the Pampa
Authors: Perdomo Oscar , Becker Rafael , Singer Rodrigo Bustos
Published: June 2024

The Dwarf Palm, Butia lallemantii Deble & Marchiori, is an endangered species endemic to the Pampa biome and typically grows in sandy and rocky soils. Given its economic, ecological, and cultural relevance, it is crucial to understand the ecology and biology of this species to encourage its preservation and highlight its significance for the Pampa. This study aims to investigate whether this palm relies on animal vectors for pollination, analyze its breeding system, and propose strategies for its conservation and sustainable use. We conducted field observations on pollination ecology, identified floral visitors, and designed six breeding system experiments to test cross-compatibility, self-compatibility, and apomixis. Additionally, we conducted a literature review to propose conservation strategies. Butia lallemantii is pollinator-dependent and self-compatible. The flowers are mostly melittophilous and offer pollen and nectar for floral visitors. The main pollinators are native Meliponinae and Halictinae bees and the introduced Apis mellifera. This study represents the first comprehensive and complete examination of the breeding system and pollination process on Butia palms. This palm can provide materials for industries, but urgent actions are needed to preserve the remaining populations through effective policies and strategies. Furthermore, this palm should be integrated into diversified agroecosystems to evaluate its adaptability to cultivation.
Non-Metastatic Uterine Carcinosarcoma: A Tailored Approach or One Size Fits All?
Authors: Maione Hannah , Sienna Julianna , Schnarr Kara L , Donovan Elysia K
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Uterine carcinosarcomas are highly aggressive tumors of the endometrium and are associated with a poor prognosis. The optimal adjuvant treatment for both early and advanced-stage patients remains unclear. Methods: Cases of uterine carcinosarcoma were identified in our institution’s pathology database between 2000 and 2022. Kaplan–Meier estimates were calculated for the local and distant recurrence-free, disease-free and overall survival; hazard ratios were calculated using Cox proportional hazards modelling for independent prognostic factors including the stage and treatment. Results: A total of 48 patients were identified as having uterine carcinosarcoma, of whom 70.8% were surgically staged. In total, 43 patients had pelvic-confined disease, while five had positive omental or peritoneal biopsies at surgery. There were 10 pelvic (20.8%) and 19 (39.6%) distant recurrences. None of the patients with stage IA disease who received chemotherapy and brachytherapy experienced disease recurrence. The local recurrence-free survival was 54.95%, the distant recurrence-free survival was 44.7%, and the overall survival was 59.6% at 5 years. Local recurrence-free survival and overall survival were inversely associated with advanced-stage OR 1.23 (p = 0.005) and OR 1.28 (p = 0.017), respectively, and no chemotherapy was associated with OR 1.96 (p = 0.06) and OR 2.08 (p = 0.056), respectively. Conclusion: The local and distant recurrence rates were high for advanced=stage patients even when treated with aggressive adjuvant therapy regimens. Chemotherapy may improve recurrence and survival. Early-stage patients may perform well with vaginal vault brachytherapy and chemotherapy. Further prospective comparisons are required between sequential, sandwich, and concurrent approaches to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, to optimize outcomes in this high-risk population.
Factors Influencing Rental Investments in Paphos, Cyprus: Comparing Short- and Long-Term Rental Strategies
Authors: Martin Sam , Dimopoulos Thomas , Katafygiotou Martha
Published: June 2024

Understanding the optimal strategy for a real-estate investment and how performance changes based on characteristics is crucial for optimising the achievable return. This is prominent in touristic areas such as Paphos, Cyprus, where there is no clear distinction as to whether short- or long-term approaches are optimal. This study aimed to develop a model for predicting the optimal rental strategy whilst assessing which model performed best and which property attributes impacted its return the greatest. Short-term data were collected from AirDNA and long-term data were manually collected from real-estate agents’ websites. Furthermore, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbour, and Multiple Linear Regression models were created to predict the highest and best use for each property. Model accuracy varied between datasets, with the best-performing model for short-term properties being the Random Forest model (R-squared: 0.843), and the distance-based Multiple Linear Regression approach being the best for long-term properties (R-squared: 0.843). The study demonstrated that accurate models could be created to predict the optimal rental strategy with the number of bedrooms being the main driver for rental income, followed by luxury finishes and the presence of a pool. It was found that locational characteristics did not impact the returns significantly when assuming that the property was located within a touristic area.
Adsorption of Eriochrome Black T on Pseudo Boehmite and Gamma Alumina Synthesized from Drinking Water Treatment Sludge: A Waste-to-Recycling Approach
Authors: Ballou Ibtissam , Naja Jamal , Bakher Zineelabidine , Kholtei Sanae
Published: June 2024

Eriochrome black T is considered as one of the anionic dyes with potential harmful effects on human health and the environment. Among other processes, adsorption can contribute to the removal of these dyes. In the present study, two adsorbent materials, pseudo-boehmite (γ-AlOOH) and gamma alumina (γ-Al2O3), were synthesized and tested in the removal of the Eriochrome black T molecule (EBT). γ-AlOOH and γ-Al2O3 were obtained by precipitation from NaAlO2 solution at pH = 7, at a temperature of 80 °C, and by the thermal transformation of γ-AlOOH at 800 °C, respectively. In order to gain insights into the structural, chemical, thermal and morphological properties of these materials, numerous analytical techniques were involved, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential thermogravimetric–thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and specific surface area measurement using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. Several adsorption parameters were studied, such as the adsorbent dose, initial concentration, pH, contact time and reaction temperature. The kinetic study showed that EBT adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order model. The Langmuir isotherm model revealed a maximum EBT adsorption capacity of 344.44 mg g−1 and 421.94 mg g−1 for γ-AlOOH and γ-Al2O3, respectively. A textural and structural analysis after adsorption highlighted the effective adsorption of the dye.
Guidewire Retention by the Venous Cannula of Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Bratke Sebastian , Graw Jan A.
Published: June 2024

While insertion of a central venous catheter (CVC) for intravascular access, diagnosis, and intensive care medical treatment is frequently needed in critically ill patients, retention of the guidewire used for CVC placement with Seldinger’s technique is a very rare complication. In patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), significant negative pressures in the thoracal and abdominal venous system are generated by the venous ECMO drainage cannula. Therefore, during CVC placement in patients treated with ECMO, special vigilance is required because the significant negative pressures generated by the venous ECMO drainage cannula facilitate venous suction of an unsecured guidewire.
Purifying High-Purity Copper via Semi-Continuous Directional Solidification: Insights from Numerical Simulations
Authors: Wu Yao , Zhang Yunhu , Zeng Long , Zheng Hongxing
Published: June 2024

High-purity copper is essential for fabricating advanced microelectronic devices, particularly integrated circuit interconnects. As the industry increasingly emphasizes scalable and efficient purification methods, this study investigates the multi-physics interactions during the semi-continuous directional solidification process, utilizing a Cu-1 wt.%Ag model alloy. Coupled simulation calculations examine the spatial distribution patterns of the impurity element silver (Ag) within semi-continuously solidified ingots under varying pulling rates and melt temperatures. The objective is to provide technical insights into the utilization of the semi-continuous directional solidification method for high-purity copper purification. The findings reveal that increasing the pulling rate and melt temperature leads to a downward shift in the solid–liquid interface relative to the mold top during processing. Alongside the primary clockwise vortex flow, a secondary weak vortex emerges near the solid–liquid interface, facilitating the migration of the impurity element Ag toward the central axis and amplifying radial impurity fluctuations. Furthermore, diverse pulling rates and melt temperature conditions unveil a consistent trend along the ingot’s height, which is characterized by an initial increase in average Ag content, followed by stabilization and then a rapid ascent during the late stage of solidification, with higher pulling rates and melt temperatures expediting this rapid ascent. Leveraging these insights, a validation experiment using 4N-grade recycled copper in a small-scale setup demonstrates the effectiveness of the semi-continuous directional solidification process for high-purity copper production, with copper samples extracted at 1/4 and 3/4 ingot heights achieving a 5N purity level of 99.9994 wt.% and 99.9993 wt.%, respectively.
Dry Needling in Overhead Athletes with Myofascial Shoulder Pain: A Systematic Review
Authors: Demeco Andrea , de Sire Alessandro , Salerno Antonello , Marotta Nicola , Palermi Stefano , Frizziero Antonio , Costantino Cosimo
Published: June 2024

The treatment of myofascial pain in athletes requires a set of rehabilitation techniques that aim to be effective quickly. In this context, dry needling (DNY) has shown interesting results due to its ability to reduce pain in the short term. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of DNY in managing myofascial shoulder pain in overhead athletes. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were screened up to March 2024, to identify studies that met the following inclusion criteria: overhead athletes with shoulder pain with a DNY approach for myofascial trigger points (MTrPs), RCT, case–control study, feasibility study as the study design. Exclusion criteria were studies that did not include athletes, studies that did not focus on the treatment of MTrPs with DNY, other reviews, no full-text availability and papers written in a language other than English. Out of 399 articles, 165 were excluded as duplicates. Of the 234 articles screened, only 6 articles met the inclusion criteria. A total of 6 studies were included in the systematic review. Initial results showed that DNY improved pain rapidly and in the short term; however, there is still no consensus on the minimum number and the interval between treatments. Major findings reported a rapid potential decrease in perceived pain, shoulder disability and an increase in muscle strength; in this scenario, DNY might be a valid solution in a sports rehabilitation setting.
On Generalized Fibospinomials: Generalized Fibonacci Polynomial Spinors
Authors: Çolak Ece Gülşah , Gönül Bilgin Nazmiye , Soykan Yüksel
Published: June 2024

Spinors are important objects in physics, which have found their place more and more after the discovery that particles have an intrinsic angular momentum shape and Cartan’s mathematical expression of this situation. Recent studies using special number sequences have also revealed a new approach to the use of spinors in mathematics and have provided a different perspective for spinor research that can be used as a source for future physics studies. The purpose of this work is to expand the generalized Fibonacci quaternion polynomials to the generalized Fibonacci polynomial spinors by associating spinors with quaternions, and to introduce and investigate a new polynomial sequence that can be used to benefit from the potential advantages of spinors in physical applications, and thus, to provide mathematical arguments, such as new polynomials, for studies using spinors and quaternions in quantum mechanics. Starting from this point of view, in this paper we introduce and investigate a new family of sequences called generalized Fibospinomials (or generalized Fibonacci polynomial spinors or Horadam polynomial spinors). Being particular cases, we use (r,s)-Fibonacci and (r,s)-Lucas polynomial spinors. We present Binet’s formulas, generating functions and the summation formulas for these polynomials. In addition, we obtain some special identities of these new sequences and matrices related to these polynomials. The importance of this study is that generalized Fibospinomials are currently the most generalized sequence in the literature when moving from Fibonacci quaternions to spinor structure, and that a wide variety of new spinor sequences can be obtained from this particular polynomial sequence.
Degradation of Sodium Acetate by Catalytic Ozonation Coupled with MnOx/NiOOH-Modified Fly Ash
Authors: Chen Ruifu , Zhang Hao , Shao Shengyu , Xu Huajun , Zhou Kaicheng , Jiang Yinzhi , Sun Pengfei
Published: June 2024

Fly ash, a type of solid waste generated in power plants, can be utilized as a catalyst carrier to enhance its value-added potential. Common methods often involve using a large amount of alkali for preprocessing, resulting in stable quartz and mullite forming silicate dissolution. This leads to an increased specific surface area and pore structure. In this study, we produced a catalyst composed of MnOx/NiOOH supported on fly ash by directly employing nickel hydroxide and potassium permanganate to generate metal active sites over the fly ash surface while simultaneously creating a larger specific surface area and pore structure. The ozone catalytic oxidation performance of this catalyst was evaluated using sodium acetate as the target organic matter. The experimental results demonstrated that an optimal removal efficiency of 57.5% for sodium acetate was achieved, surpassing even that of MnOx/NiOOH supported catalyst by using γ-Al2O3. After loading of MnOx/NiOOH, an oxygen vacancy is formed on the surface of fly ash, which plays an indirect oxidation effect on sodium acetate due to the transformation of ozone to •O2− and •OH over this oxygen vacancy. The reaction process parameters, including varying concentrations of ozone, sodium acetate, and catalyst dosage, as well as pH value and the quantitative analysis of formed free radicals, were examined in detail. This work demonstrated that fly ash could be used as a viable catalytic material for wastewater treatment and provided a new solution to the added value of fly ash.
Effects of Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Bioaccessibilities of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Dong Hui , Wu Ze
Published: June 2024

The bioaccessibility of particle-bound hydrophobic organic contaminants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and the factors influencing their re-release are crucial for assessing potential human health risks via inhalation and hand-mouth exposure. However, the mechanisms by which various factors affect the re-release of PAHs in body fluids, particularly in response to environmental changes like freeze-thaw cycles, remain unclear. To obtain a better understanding, an in vitro method was employed to investigate the re-release processes of PAHs from different soil types (ferrallitic soil and calcareous soil) in simulated body fluids (simulated lung fluid and simulated saliva) under varying freeze-thaw conditions (0, 15, and 30 cycles). The findings indicated that the bioaccessibilities of phenanthrene and pyrene decreased with the frequency of freeze-thaw cycles, which were constrained by soil nature and simulated body fluids compositions as well. Additionally, this study observed that the portion of reversible adsorption of PAHs declined after exposure to freeze-thaw cycles in a nonlinear manner, suggesting that the potential human health risk associated with PAHs could be mitigated due to the “aging effect” which occurred as PAHs became less bioaccessible over time. These results underscore the importance of considering the characteristics of pollutants, body fluids, and environmental media when conducting a precise assessment of the human health risks posed by such contaminants.
Serological Responses of Guinea Pigs and Heifers to Eight Different BoAHV-1 Vaccine Formulations
Authors: Camargo Luana , Franklin Yasmin Vieira , da Silva Gustavo Feliciano Resende , Santos Janaína Ferreira , Parreño Viviana Gladys , Wigdorovitz Andrés , Gomes Viviani
Published: June 2024

Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV-1) infection affects the production and reproductive performance of dairy and beef livestock, resulting in considerable economic losses. In addition to biosecurity measures, vaccination programs are effective strategies for controlling and preventing BoAHV-1 infection and transmission. We evaluated the serological immune response against BoAHV-1 induced by eight different formulations of commercial vaccines: three modified live vaccines and five killed vaccines containing BoAHV type 1 or types 1 and 5. In the first experiment, 50 BoAHV-1-seronegative guinea pigs were assigned to eight groups; each individual in the treatment groups received two doses (one-fifth of the bovine dose). The second experiment was conducted using 29 crossbred Holstein × Gir heifers in four groups of six to nine animals each. The serological immune response against BoAHV-1 was measured using virus neutralization and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure the total IgG against BoAHV. We evaluated the effects of the vaccine, time, and interaction of the vaccine and time on neutralizing antibodies against BoAHV-1. Killed vaccines produced low levels of antibodies against BoAHV-1, whereas modified live vaccines produced high levels of antibodies capable of providing neutralizing titers in the vaccinated animals, with the thermosensitive modified live vaccine showing the highest levels of antibodies.
Protective Efficacy of the Epitope-Conjugated Antigen N-Tc52/TSkb20 in Mitigating Trypanosoma cruzi Infection through CD8+ T-Cells and IFNγ Responses
Authors: Vázquez María Elisa , Zabala Brenda A. , Mesías Andrea C. , Biscari Lucia , Kaufman Cintia D. , Alloatti Andrés , Siano Francesco , Picariello Gianluca , Corbalán Natalia S. , Lenis Bladimiro A. , Toscano Marta A. , Parodi Cecilia M. , Brandán Cecilia M. Pérez , Acuña Leonardo
Published: June 2024

Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, remains a major public health challenge affecting millions in Latin America and worldwide. Although significant progress has been made in vector control, no vaccine exists to prevent infection or mitigate disease pathogenesis. We developed a rationally designed chimeric protein vaccine, N-Tc52/TSkb20, incorporating immunodominant epitopes from two T. cruzi antigens, the amino-terminal portion of Tc52 and the TSkb20 epitope derived from trans-sialidase. The objectives of this study were to construct and characterize the antigen and evaluate its protective potential in an immunoprophylactic murine model of T. cruzi infection. The N-Tc52/TSkb20 protein was recombinantly expressed in E. coli and its identity was confirmed using mass spectrometry and Western blotting. Immunization with the chimeric protein significantly controlled parasitemia and reduced the heart, colon, and skeletal muscle parasite burdens compared to non-vaccinated mice. Protection was superior to vaccination with the individual parental antigen components. Mechanistically, the vaccine induced potent CD8+ T-cell and IFNγ responses against the incorporated epitopes and a protective IgG antibody profile. A relatively low IL-10 response favored early parasite control. These results validate the promising multi-epitope approach and support the continued development of this type of rational vaccine design strategy against Chagas disease.
A Deep Transfer Learning Model for the Fault Diagnosis of Double Roller Bearing Using Scattergram Filter Bank 1
Authors: Albdery Mohsin , Szabó István
Published: June 2024

In this study, a deep transfer learning model was developed using ResNet-101 architecture to diagnose double roller bearing defects. Vibration data were collected for three different load scenarios, including conditions without load, and for five different rotational speeds, ranging from 500 to 2500 RPM. Significantly, the speed condition of 2500 RPM has not previously been investigated, therefore offering a potential avenue for future investigations. This study offers a thorough examination of bearing conditions using multidirectional vibration data collected from accelerometers positioned in both vertical and horizontal orientations. In addition to transfer learning using ResNet-101, four additional models (VGG-16, VGG19, ResNet-18, and ResNet-50) were trained. Transfer learning using ResNet-101 consistently achieved the highest accuracy in all scenarios, with accuracy rates ranging from 90.78% to 99%. Scattergram Filter Bank 1 was used as the image input for training as a preprocessing method to enhance feature extraction. Research has effectively applied transfer learning to improve fault diagnosis accuracy, especially in limited data scenarios. This shows the capability of the method to differentiate between normal and faulty bearing conditions using signal-to-image transformation, emphasizing the potential of transfer learning to augment diagnostic performance in scenarios with limited training data.
Remaining Useful Life Prediction Method Enhanced by Data Augmentation and Similarity Fusion
Authors: Wang Huaqing , Li Ye , Jin Ye , Zhao Shengkai , Han Changkun , Song Liuyang
Published: June 2024

Precise prediction of the remaining useful life (RUL) of rolling bearings is crucial for ensuring the smooth functioning of machinery and minimizing maintenance costs. The time-domain features can reflect the degenerative state of the bearings and reduce the impact of random noise present in the original signal, which is often used for life prediction. However, obtaining ideal training data for RUL prediction is challenging. Thus, this paper presents a bearing RUL prediction method based on unsupervised learning sample augmentation, establishes a VAE-GAN model, and expands the time-domain features that are calculated based on the original vibration signals. By combining the advantages of VAE and GAN in data generation, the generated data can better represent the degradation state of the bearings. The original data and generated data are mixed to realize data augmentation. At the same time, the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm is introduced to measure the similarity of the dataset, establishing the mapping relationship between the training set and target sequence, thereby enhancing the prediction accuracy of supervised learning. Experiments employing the XJTU-SY rolling element bearing accelerated life test dataset, IMS dataset, and pantograph data indicate that the proposed method yields high accuracy in bearing RUL prediction.
Analisis Kebijakan Agribisnis Gula di Indonesia
Authors: Afandi Frendy Ahmad
Published: June 2024

Gula merupakan barang pokok dan bahan baku industri. Makin besar jumlah penduduk suatu negaramaka makin besar kebutuhannya terhadap gula. Begitu juga dengan keberadaan industri pangan, makin berkembang industri pangan di suatu negara maka kebutuhan pasokan gulanya juga akan makin besar. Kebutuhan terhadap gula menjadi faktor kritis dan strategis untuk dapat dipenuhi dengan baik. Metodologi analisis dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dengan pakar, diskusi kelompok terfokus, observasi, dan rapat koordinasi yang disajikan secara kualitatif. Desain riset yang digunakan adalah teknik purposive sampling dan kajian literatur. Pemerintah telah melakukan berbagai kebijakan dari hulu sampai dengan hilir untuk mendukung pemenuhan kebutuhan gula nasional. Kebijakan-kebijakan tersebut dilakukan untuk menjaga stabilisasi pasokan dan harga di pasar. Kebijakan agribisnis gula yang dilakukan mencakup kebijakan pada subsistem sarana dan prasarana, budidaya, pengolahan, pemasaran, dan jasa pendukung. Hal yang menjadi pertimbangan utama adalah titik temu kesejahteraan petani gula di tingkat produsen dan harga terjangkau di tingkat konsumen. Dua pendekatan umum yang dilakukan adalah terkait kelembagaan dan pengembangan usaha yang di dalamnya termasuk unsur pembiayaan. Kebijakan-kebijakan terkini yang dilakukan pemerintah antara lain kebijakan sistem pembelian tebu, neraca komoditas gula, pembentukan Sugar Co, swasembada gula nasional, korporasi pertanian untuk tebu, pemanfaatan lahan Perhutani untuk agroforestri tebu, dan rencana pembentukan badan pengelola dana perkebunan (BPDP) tebu.
Régimen Único Simplificado para el cumplimiento tributario de personas naturales en Perú
Authors: Ramírez Broncano Ana Cecilia
Published: June 2024

El estudio analizado aborda la influencia de diversos factores en el cumplimiento tributario de las Personas Naturales del Centro Comercial Señor de los Milagros en Ventanilla. El objetivo principal es identificar cómo variables como el conocimiento del Régimen Único Simplificado (RUS), la cultura y conciencia tributaria, entre otros, afectan el comportamiento tributario. Utilizando el coeficiente de Pearson como método, se encontró una correlación significativa entre el conocimiento del RUS, cultura tributaria, conciencia tributaria y obligaciones con el cumplimiento tributario. Específicamente, se destaca que el conocimiento del RUS influye en un 79.5%, la cultura tributaria en un 36.5%, la conciencia tributaria en un 61.1%, y las obligaciones en un 57.7%. En conclusión, el estudio evidencia la importancia del conocimiento y la conciencia tributaria como factores determinantes en el cumplimiento tributario de las personas naturales en el mencionado centro comercial.
حكم زيادة سعر السلعة مقابل زيادة فترة الصيانة -دراسة تأصيلية مقارنة
Authors: العازمي خالد سالم , الخلف محمد عمر
Published: June 2024

تتمثل الفكرة الرئيسة للبحث في بيان حكم اتفاق المتعاقدين على زيادة سعر السلعة مقابل زيادة فترة الصيانة، حيث تكمن أهمية البحث في أهمية عقود الصيانة وانتشارها في العصر الحاضر في مختلف أنواع السلع، ووجود حالات كثيرة يرغب فيها المشتري في زيادة فترة الصيانة للسلعة فيطلب منه البائع زيادة في سعرها مقابل زيادة فترة الصيانة، وتتمثل إشكالية البحث في معرفة الحكم الفقهي لهذا الاتفاق بين المتعاقدين، كما تتمثل في بيان الضوابط الفقهية في حالة القول بالجواز، ولذلك هدف البحث إلى بيان مفهوم عقد الصيانة، وتكييفه الفقهي، وبيان حكم زيادة سعر السلعة مقابل زيادة فترة الصيانة، والضوابط الفقهية المتعلقة بهذه المسألة، وقد اقتضت طبيعة البحث اتباع المنهج الوصفي التحليلي المقارن في بيان المقصود بعقود الصيانة، ومقارنة أقوال العلماء المعاصرين في تكييفه، وتطبيق تلك الأقوال على المسألة محل البحث وبيان صورتها وأقوال العلماء المعاصرين في مشروعيتها وضوابطها، ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصل إليها البحث أن عقد الصيانة عقد بين طرفين يقوم أحدهما بصيانة آلة من الآلات، مقابل التزام الطرف الآخر بدفع الأجرة المحددة له في العقد، إضافة إلى صحة الاتفاق بين الطرفين على زيادة ثمن السلعة مقابل زيادة فترة الصيانة، لكننا نرى ضرورة ضبط هذا الحكم بضوابط، منها: ضرورة تحديد مدة العقد وفترات الصيانة وعدد الزيارات وكيفية الصيانة ومن يتحمل ثمن قطع الغيار؛ لأن من شأن ذلك منع وجود الغرر في عقد الصيانة، أو تقليل وجوده إلى الحد الذي يكون فيه الغرر يسيراً مغتفراً؛ إضافة إلى ضرورة استقرار التعاقد بين الطرفين على مدة الصيانة والثمن الذي يتم البيع به.
أحكام اقتسام الربح والخسارة في شركة العقود في الفقه الإسلامي وقانوني الشركات الكويتي والأردني -دراسة مقارنة
Authors: منصور حنين محمد , منصور هبه محمد
Published: June 2024

فكرة البحث تقوم على بيان كيفية اقتسام الربح والخسارة في كل شركة من شركات العقود في الفقه وقواعده وكيفية اقتسام الربح والخسارة في قانون الشركات الكويتي والأردني وقواعده والفرق بين هذه القواعد في الفقه والقانون، وتكمن أهمية البحث في حاجة الباحثين والعاملين في قطاع الشركات لمعرفة قواعد اقتسام الربح والخسارة في الفقه، وتتمثل إشكالية البحث في بيان كيفية اقتسام الربح والخسارة في شركات العقود في الفقه، ويهدف البحث إلى معرفة هذه القواعد والوقوف عليها ومقارنتها بالقانون، والتوصل إلى الفرق بين قواعد اقتسام الربح والخسارة في الفقه وقانون الشركات الكويتي والأردني والمقارنة بينهما، وقد اتبعت المنهج الاستقرائي والتحليلي والمقارن، ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصل الباحث لها أن هناك قواعد فقهية مهمة في كيفية اقتسام الربح والخسارة في شركة العقود، والملاحظ أن الفقهاء حينما بحثوا الربح والخسارة، بحثوها على هيئة قواعد، وتكاد تكون القواعد في اقتسام الربح والخسارة بين الفقهاء متوافقة، وتبين أن قانون الشركات الكويتي قانون عصري متوسع، ولديه نظرات عميقة ومتفقة مع الواقع وطبيعته وتشعبه، وأن قواعد اقتسام الربح والخسارة في قانون الشركات الكويتي، يتسع لضبط منظومة الربح والخسارة، حيث وضع القاعدة العامة، وهي اعتبار رأس مال الشركة أساسا لاحتساب الربح والخسارة، وأن الزيادة في الربح تتطلب نصا وشرطا، وأن احتساب الخسارة على خلاف واقع رأس المال مردود قانونا، وهناك قواعد فقهية مهمة في كيفية اقتسام الربح والخسارة في شركة العقود، والملاحظ أن الفقهاء حينما بحثوا الربح والخسارة، بحثوها على هيئة قواعد، لذلك يرى الباحث ضرورة الكتابة في القواعد والضوابط في باب الشركات، كما أن الدراسات القانونية المقارنة مفيدة للباحثين والقوانين لمدها بالتعديلات التي يمكن أن يقوم بها الباحثون لتزويد المقننين بها.
حكم تحمّل الظّالم تبعات ظلمه دراسة فقهيّة تطبيقيّة
Authors: العف بسام حسن
Published: June 2024

فكرة البحث: مدى جواز حمل التبعات على الظالم، وتطبيقاته على الفروع الفقهية، من خلال بيان مفاهيم الدراسة، ثم التطرق لحكم الحمل على الظالم فوق عقوبته، ثم العطف على توضيح التطبيقات الفقهية المبنيّة على المسألة أصالة ومعاصرة. أهمية البحث: يرسم البحث حدود مسؤولية الظالم بغية إنصاف المظلوم منه، ويؤصل شرعاً لقضية تحميل المصروفات والزوائد على الظالم في ضوء نصوص الفقهاء إبرازاً لعدالة الإسلام.وتتمثل إشكالية البحث: في بيان الموقف الشرعي من تحميل الظالم مسؤولية ما تسبب فيه من زوائد وطوارئ وتكاليف ترتبت على ظلمه زيادةً على العقوبة المقررة عليه. ويهدف البحث إلى بيان حكم الحمل على الظالم  الذي يترتب على ظلمه زوائد وتكاليف، ويبين تطبيقاته في الفروع الفقهية بين الأصالة والمعاصرة. وسلكت المنهج الاستقرائي من خلال استقصاء المادة العلمية بشقيها النظري والتطبيقي، مستفيدًا من المنهج الاستنباطي المقارن في توضيح الحكم الشرعي للحمل على الظالم وتطبيقه في الفروع الفقهية أصالة ومعاصرة. ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصل الباحث إليها أن الظالم يتحمل مسؤولية التبعات والمصروفات التي تولدت عن فعله وتسبب فيها ظلمه حقيقة، وقد ظهر أثر ذلك في التطبيقات أصالة في جملة من فروع المعاملات والجنايات، وكذلك في التطبيقات المعاصرة في المدين المماطل بتحميله المصروفات التي غرمها الدائن من أجل تحصيل دينه، وتضمينه الضرر المتحقق فعلياً الذي نتج عن مطله، وكذلك شأن صاحب الشيك المرتجع، والمقاول المخل بأحد شروط عقد المقاولة، وتضمين الغار بالتدليس على المشتري في محرك السيارة كل ما يترتب على تدليسه من ضرر. ويرى الباحث: توجيه طلبة العلم لمزيد من الدراسة حول موضوع البحث مع تطبيقات أوسع في سائر أبواب الفقه المختلفة عموماً، والتوسع في تطبيقه على المسائل المعاصرة.
حكم دفع الزكاة في دية القتل العمد في ضوء مقاصد الشريعة «حالة الكويت»
Authors: العتيبي أحمد معجب
Published: June 2024

فكرة البحث: عن حكم دفع ديات الصلح الباهظة جدا من أموال الزكاة في جرائم القتل العمد. وتكمن أهمية البحث في بيان الحكم الشرعي في دفع الدية من الزكاة في جناية العمد، وفقا لمقاصد الشريعة والمناطات الفقهية للحكم وضوابط وتعليمات الجهات الرسمية المنظمة لذلك. وتتمثل إشكالية البحث  في عدد من الأسئلة تمثل إشكالية البحث وهي: هل يمكن الاستعانة بالمأمورات الشرعية كالزكاة لسداد عقوبات شرعية كالدية والصلح عليها ؟ وما المستندات الشرعية للمجيزين والمانعين لذلك ومناقشتها ؟ وما مقاصد الشريعة من تشريع الديات ؟ وهل تتفق مقاصده في دفع الزكاة في بابه؟ وهل الضوابط التي وضعتها الجهات الحكومية محل الدراسة متوافقة مع أحكام الشريعة الإسلامية؟ ويهدف البحث إلى بيان الحكم الشرعي من خلال مقاصد الشريعة، والمناطات الفقهية لمستحقي الزكاة كالغارمين وفي الرقاب، ومناقشتها فقهيا بين المجيزين والمانعين والترجيح بينهما، ثم العطف على التعليمات والضوابط الرقابية الحكومية بشأن جمع تلك التبرعات ومناقشتها في مبحث مستقل، وبيان أهم التوصيات بهذا الشأن. منهج البحث: اقتضت طبيعة البحث أن يسلك الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي والاستقرائي في أجزاء منه، والاستعانة بالمدونات الفقهية المعاصرة والقرارات المجمعية الفقهية في تلك المسألة وما توصلت له من نتائج فقهية. ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصل البحث إليها عدم جواز دفع الزكاة لما كان غرامة مقصودة شرعا وإلا فات المقصود من الغرامة، كما أن التعليمات الرقابية عامة تحتاج إلى ضبط ومرجعية شرعية في الباب. وأهم استنتاجات البحث ضرورة تطوير لائحة ضوابط جمع تبرعات الديات لتكون متوافقة مع أحكام الشريعة الإسلامية وذات منظومة محوكمة تمنع اللبس الفقهي على المتبرعين.
الرواة الذين ذكر ابن حجر في التقريب أنه لم يثبت تضعيفهم دراسة نقدية مقارنة
Authors: شحاته محمد سيد
Published: June 2024

فكرة البحث: الرواة المقبولون الذين جاء عن بعض أئمة الجرح والتعديل تضعيفهم، مخالفين في ذلك علماء الجرح والتعديل، أو جاء التعارض نفسه عند العلماء مرة يعدل الراوي ومرة يجرحه، فنبه الحافظ ابن حجر على أن هذا التضعيف لم يثبت عن هؤلاء الأئمة في الراوي، أو ثبت قول ولم يثبت آخر، وتتمثل أهمية البحث في: التعرف على حال الراوي الذي لم يثبت تضعيفه، وهذا النوع من الدراسة يفتح باب الحوار بين العلماء، ويتعلم الباحث في السنَّة أنه لا يسلم من الخطأ أحد مهما علت منزلته، وتتمثل إشكالية البحث في جمع وبيان حال الرواة الذين ذكر ابن حجر في التقريب أنه لم يثبت تضعيفهم، ومن أهم أهداف البحث: بيان حقيقة ثبوت هذا القول عنهم، ومعرفة حال هؤلاء الرواة من حيث العدالة والجرح، وإظهار سبب مجيء هذا القول في بعض كتب التراجم، وقد كان منهج البحث: استقرائياً، نقدياً، تحليلياً، ومن نتائج البحث: أن عدد الرواة الذين نص الحافظ ابن حجر أنه لم يثبت تضعيفهم تسعة (9) رواة، وأن هؤلاء الرواة كما ذكر الحافظ لم يثبت ضعفهم، وأن أحد أسباب نقل التضعيف عن الأئمة الخطأ في اسم الراوي، فيلتبس بغيره، أو بسبب الناقل عن الناقد بحيث يتصرف في عبارته، وجاءت توصيات البحث: كتابة موضوع حول أقوال علماء الجرح والتعديل الواردة في كتب المتأخرين أمثال الذهبي وابن حجر، ففيها نقولات غير موجودة عند من تقدمهم، العناية بعلم التعقبات، وموسوعات الجرح والتعديل، لا سيما زوائد الأقوال، وجمع أقوال الأئمة مثل ابن حزم في الرواة. وعمل موسوعة بذلك.
Farklı Kültürlerden Ebeveynlerin “Aile” ve “Çocuk” Metaforları: Türkiye ve Endonezya Örneği
Authors: Gözün Kahraman Özlem , Özyürek Arzu , Puspıtasarı Intan
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada, farklı kültürlerden ebeveynlerin “aile” ve “çocuk” metaforlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma grubu Türkiye’den (n=40) ve Endonezya’dan (n=45) gönüllü ebeveynlerden oluşmuştur. Nitel araştırma desenindeki çalışmada katılımcılardan “Aile…gibidir. Çünkü…” ve “Çocuk…gibidir. Çünkü…” cümlelerini tamamlamaları istenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde kodlama, kategori oluşturma aşamaları izlenerek metafor kategorileri ve sayıları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak “aile” metaforlarının Türk ebeveynlerde “birlik/beraberlik/bütünlük, korunma/güven, yaşam kaynağı, psikolojik iyi olma, gelişim” ve Endonezyalı ebeveynlerde “korunma/güven, psikolojik iyi olma, birlik/beraberlik/bütünlük, en değerli şey, öğrenme ortamı, emek/çaba” şeklinde sıralandığı belirlenmiştir. “Çocuk” metaforlarının Türk ebeveynlerde “psikolojik iyi oluş, bakım ve koruma, eğitim, masumiyet/saflık, yatırım, anne-babanın parçası/yansıması, sorumluluk” ve Endonezyalı ebeveynlerde “değerli varlık, eğitim, anne-babanın parçası/yansıması, bakım ve koruma, sorumluluk, yatırım, psikolojik iyi olma, öğretici” şeklinde sıralandığı belirlenmiştir. Her iki kültürde ortak olan “aile” metaforunun “ev/yuva, ağaç, bahçe” ve “çocuk” metaforunun “boş kâğıt” olduğu görülmüştür. Aile metaforları Türk kültüründe ağırlıklı olarak "ağaç", Endonezya kültüründe ise "ev/yuva" şeklinde ve çocuğa ilişkin metaforların Türk kültüründe çoğunlukla “mutluluk/sevinç” gibi duygusal, Endonezya kültüründe ise “mücevher, altın, inci, elmas” gibi değerli nesneler olduğu görülmüştür. Çocuk ve aileye ilişkin metaforların kültüre özgü değer, inanç ve aile yapısından etkilendiği ortaya konmuştur.