bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Herodotos in Egypte
Authors: De Smet Peter
Published: October 2024

Herodotus is one of those authors with an everlasting popularity. His ground braking Histories is still being discussed in the academic world and the question of its veracity is high on the agenda of certain scholars. This article is a general survey of Herodotus’ second book that deals primarily with Egypt at the time of the Persian domination, and looks at certain statements from an Egyptologist point of view. The more we know about ancient Egypt, the more Herodotus seem to be able to hold his ground.
Echo’s van verzen over de Bosporus: Poëzie lezen en schrijven in het 11de-eeuwse Constantinopel
Authors: Bernard Floris
Published: October 2024

This contribution investigates the production and reception of Byzantine poetry as social and cultural practices in a contemporary context. The texts under view are poems composed in the period from 1028 to 1081, predominantly by the three poets Christopher Mitylenaios, John Mauropous and Michael Psellos. ‘Poet’ and ‘poetry’ were no separate categories used for contemporary texts written in verse.The writing of poetry was seen as part of the activities of an intellectual combining the roles of teacher, scholar and orator. Poetry circulated at first separately, on fugitive media, within a limited circle of peers. Further, the social aspects of writing poetry are investigated. In a society where intellectual qualities were put forward as essential competences of someone belonging to the elite, poems served to demonstrate those qualities. Education was an important background for poetic production. Students composed poetry as exercises and teachers entered intocompetition with rivals, exchanging poems as tools to harm others’ reputations.Finally, poetry was an apt tool to position oneself in the intellectual field: the poets followed different self-representational strategies to attain that goal.
Democratische elementen in de teksten van Dio van Prusa
Authors: Oppeneer Thierry
Published: October 2024

For a long time the orthodox scholarly view on ancient Greek democracy had been that it more or less disappeared when the Greek city-states were defeated by the Macedonians in the battle of Chaeronea in 338 B.C., never to revive again under the Hellenistic kingdoms and the Roman Empire. Over the last decade part of this view has been successfully challenged. Today, the new consensus is that democracies continued to exist well into the Hellenistic period. The death of democracy and popular ideology is now often linked to the advent of the Romans. A few dissident voices have recently foregrounded reasons to doubt this view at least to some extent. In this article I will analyse the rhetorical discourse of several orations of Dio Chrysostom (Or. 7, 32, 34 and 46) from the perspective of the so-called ‘discourse paradigm’. By focusing on Dio’s description of ‘the people’ and his communication with ‘the people’ I intend to establish that popular ideology continued to influence civic politics in the 2nd century A.D.
Wijze dichters of dichterlijke wijsgeren: de Zeven Wijzen in Context
Authors: Klooster Jacqueline
Published: October 2024

In this article I discuss traditions surrounding the Seven Sages. These legendary sages, datable to the 7th century BC, feature in many anecdotes in historiography, philosophy and biography (Herodotus, Plato, Plutarch, Diogenes Laertius). One topic in the stories about their lives is of particular interest to me: the texts (sayings, poetry and prose works) that were attributed to the Seven Sages by various sources. Why did they write these texts, or why where they attributed to them, and in what way can they be connected to the Sages’ reputation for wisdom and political savoir faire?
‘Byzance après Byzance’: Orthodox-christelijke cultuur ‘in het Grieks’
Authors: Detrez Raymond
Published: October 2024

Steven Runciman called the Patriarchate of Constantinople under Ottoman rule “the great church in captivity.” In the opinion of the Romanian historian Nicolae Iorga, there existed a “Byzance après Byzance”, the continuation of the Byzantine ecclesiastical, cultural and – to some extent – political traditions within the framework of the Ottoman state. This contribution aims to shed some light on both perceptions of the fate of the Orthodox Church in the Ottoman period, but also pays attention to the remarkable revival of what Dimiter Obolensky named “the Byzantine commonwealth”: the emergence of a sound Orthodox Christian – rather than (ethnically) Greek – religious and cultural community that made use of Greek as the (ethnically unmarked) common language of the intellectual elite.
Griekenland: Een geschiedenis van migratie
Authors: Georgakopoulos Ioannis
Published: October 2024

This article aims to give a concise overview of the different periods of emigration since the foundation of Modern Greece. Were the motives for this emigration waves purely economic or can we also determine geopolitical causes? What were the major destinations and did they change over time? What were the similarities and differences between the various emigration episodes? By the end of the 20th century, we witness a remarkable shift: from primarily a source of emigrants Greece is turning into a promised land for economic refugees mainly from former Eastern Bloc countries. Finally, I try to describe the effects of migration on present day Greece, bearing in mind the massive amount of incoming economic and political refugees as well as the equally huge number of departing Greeks in search for a better future.
Hoe Euripides’ tragedies een maatschappelijk debat vertolken
Authors: Hugaerts Ludo
Published: October 2024

Are all men – rich and poor, master and slave, male and female, Greek and barbarian – created equal? This theme was one of the many on which fierce debates kept going on in the period of the so-called Athenian Enlightenment. It is surprising to see how Euripides transferred this social debate to the stage. Clashing ideas about equality in his tragedies become tangible realities and people of flesh and blood.
Griekenland door een Atheense bril: vroeger, nu en straks
Authors: Van den Reeck Marc
Published: October 2024

In this article Marc Van den Reeck, Belgium’s former ambassador to Greece, gives an overview of the history of modern Greece from the perspective of Athens. First, he sketches out how Athens developed from a small city in the 19th century into the city of millions that it is today covering the period from the explosive population growth in the aftermath of the Greco-Turkish War (1919 – 1922) to the influx of people from the rural areas later in the 20th century. He then describes the country’s political reorientation from the Balkans to Europe as Greece became the tenth member of the European Economic Community in 1981, a few years after the collapse of the Greek military junta. This membership introduced the country into the new European reality of a single market where people, money, goods and services move freely. Even though Greece’s governmental infrastructure had some difficulties adapting to this new reality, the country did experience a significant economic growth, in part helped on by the development of tourism. This growth came to an abrupt end with the financial crisis of 2008, a crisis that had been predicted by economists pointing to the government’s overspending, its heavy and far-reaching involvement in the economy and the existence of excessive consumer credit. The structural reforms that were needed to resolve the crisis were the result of difficult negotiations between Greece and its European partners and caused a lot of resistance among large parts of the population until at least 2011. After ten years of crisis Greece’s gross domestic product had declined to the level of 2000. Nevertheless, even though many people lost a large part of their income, the Greeks’ solidarity left few people without a safety net to fall back on. In addition, the country has reaffirmed its position within the Eurozone and the European Union, an outcome that would have been difficult to imagine only a few decades ago.
De taal van Kazantzakis en haar (her)vertaling in het Nederlands
Authors: Hokwerda Hero
Published: October 2024

In this article Hero Hokwerda considers the difficulties involved in translating the language of Nikos Kazantzakis and explains his own choices in his recent translations of Zorba the Greek, Christ Recrucified and Captain Michalis. These new translations were in order, since the previous Dutch translations had been based on German translations of incomplete versions of the novels. Although Kazantzakis’ novels are written in dimotikí, the demotic (i.e. modern vernacular) Greek of 1900 and, to be more precise, the demotic Greek of rural Crete, Hokwerda has not tried to capture this aspect of Kazantzakis language by using a Dutch dialect for his translation. Instead he has concentrated on rendering the liveliness, directness and concreteness or earthliness of Kazantzakis’ language in Dutch. Important in this respect is to let go of the false contradiction between a ‘literal’ translation, in the sense of a ‘word for word’ or ‘text-like’ translation, and a ‘free’ translation. When it comes to capturing the world of the novels, that is, the culture of rural Crete in the late-nineteenth, early-twentieth century, the latter is often truer to the text than the former. Although Kazantzakis’ Cretan-Dimoticist language fits very well to the everyday world of his novels, for contemporary Greeks, who grew up with the moderate, urban demotic Greek of today, the language of Kazantzakis has a rather estranging effect. In this respect, a free translation of the text is more true to Kazantzakis’ language choices than a literal translation.
Atticist lexica and Modern Greek dictionaries: A brief comparison of (negative) lexicographical labelling
Authors: Roumanis Emmanuel
Published: October 2024

The normative tradition in Greek lexicography is remarkably long-lived. As early as the Second Sophistic (I-III CE), Atticist grammarians and lexicographerssought to recapture the quality of classical Attic Greek by composing usage manuals that prescribed correct usages and proscribed incorrect ones (i.e. Koiné and vernacularisms). This prescriptive tradition ushered in the long-lived diglossic situation that subsequently contributed to the enregisterment of (high) puristic variants, which survived in various forms until the twentieth century. Following the official end in 1976 of the last of these, katharevousa, Greek lexicography has continued to struggle with the residual influence of prescriptive thinking, which is but one symptom of Modern Greek’s continuing struggle to completely free itself of its classical shackles. However, despite the fact that negative usage labelling, such as esfalménos (incorrect), and even references to Atticists like Phrynichus, can be found in some of today’s widely-used dictionaries of Modern Greek, there is evidence that the art of lexicography has taken a decisively descriptive turn in the last few decades.
Concepties van hellenisme bij Seferis, Kavafis en Forster
Authors: Vanhoe Noor
Published: October 2024

Hellenism is a complex concept that has been given many and often personal interpretations throughout the centuries. In this article I explore what Hellenism meant to three influential authors from the first half of the 20th century. I chose those authors – the Greeks Seferis and Cavafy, and the British Forster – because they implemented their personal views of Hellenism in their works, either explicitly or implicitly. For each author I analyse parts of their works and discuss the main themes of their personal Hellenisms in order to compare them to each other and to the traditions of Western and Greek Hellenism.
De maatschappelijke positie van personen met een lichamelijke handicap in het antieke Griekenland
Authors: Lammens Cindy
Published: October 2024

This paper refines the popular view of classical Antiquity as a society overvaluing physical qualities to the detriment of disabled persons. The first part of the article examines the social services in classical Athens, especially based on texts by Lysias, Aeschines and Aristotle. In a second part, some aspects of the daily life of disabled persons are discussed, with special attention to the public posts, religious and political, they could or could not hold.
Nietzsche en ‘zijn’ Grieken. Figuranten in een filologisch fantasma of dragers van interculturele negotiatie?
Authors: Biebuyck Benjamin
Published: October 2024

It is generally known that classical antiquity has played a major role in the construction of important aspects of Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophy. Historically speaking, this is hardly a surprise: he was not only a trained classical philologist himself and for about ten years professor of this discipline at the university of Basel (Switzerland), but he was also a distinguished descendant of a German humanistic tradition, which goes back to Winckelmann and covers most of the intellectual tendencies of the 19th century that have influenced his thinking and writing. In spite of all this, Nietzsche developed over the years an increasingly personal concept of Greek culture. In this article, the author traces the development of Nietzsche’s confrontations with 'Greeks’ during the 1870s and 1880s and tries to establish by means of a close reading of a number of Nietzschean texts the philosopher’s concept of intercultural negotiation.
Profetieën sterven niet. Byzantijnse orakels in de politieke en religieuze propaganda op Kreta in de zestiende eeuw
Authors: Vereecken Jeannine
Published: October 2024

The Oracula Leonis, a series of cryptic prophecies ”in words and figures" attributed to the Byzantine emperor Leo VI the Wise, have been copied and interpreted for almost 1000 years. About 1577, in the scope of the anti-Turkish propaganda, the Veneto-Cretan humanist and hermetist Francesco Barozzi made a special edition of the text, dedicated to the governor of Crete, Giacomo Foscarini. This edition has been preserved, a.o., in the - until recently - unknown Codex Bute, a luxury manuscript illuminated with 24 splendid miniatures by the Cretan painter Georgios Klontzas.
Het Griekse vuur. De realiteit achter de mythe
Authors: De Graeve Bart
Published: October 2024

The goal of this paper is firstly to examine the historical importance of the Greek fire. Al¬ though this Byzantine firearm has been subject of much study, scientists almost always con¬ centrated on the composition and launching methods but no general study about the real strength and historical meaning for the Byzantine history was made. A systematic investigation of the historical sources shows that in reality Greek fire was not as powerful as usually claimed. Especially the Arabs, the main enemies of Constantinople, were soon able to protect themselves against the devastating flames that destroyed their fleet in 674-677 and 717-718 AD. It is only very occasionally that hereafter the Byzantines could win a battle because of their secret weapon.
Wie niets vindt heeft goed gezorgd
Authors: Boerma Christiaan
Published: October 2024

Voortdurend klinken de alarmbellen in de zorg, maar deze dwingende werkelijkheid kunnen we gebruiken om terug te keren naar de kern: het voeren van het goede gesprek. Dit zegt prof. dr. Christiaan Boerma die op 4 oktober 2024 zijn oratie uitspreekt bij de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen waar hij de leerstoel Betekenisvolle preventieve zorg bekleedt. ‘In de zorg moet het welzijn van de medemens centraal staan ', legt Boerma uit. ‘Gezondheid is daarin belangrijk, maar dan wel als onderdeel van een groter geheel. Zo voorkomen we onnodige zorg die niet veel bijdraagt aan het welzijn van de patiënt. Zes weken langer leven op je 86e is voor de meeste mensen minder belangrijk dan zonder pijn en in het bijzijn van je familie de laatste dagen van je leven door te brengen.’ Betere zorg voor patiënten Volgens prof. dr. Christiaan Boerma hebben artsen en verpleegkundigen daarnaast ook ruimte nodig om schade door complicaties te voorkomen. Bijvoorbeeld door het voorkomen van een behandeling waarvan niet bekend is of deze echt gaat werken of waarbij het middel erger is dan de kwaal. Dit levert naar verwachting een besparing op, maar draagt ook bij aan het vergroten van het werkplezier. Wel moet er gekeken worden naar een andere vorm van financiering. Vergoeding goede gesprekken Zorgverzekeraars vergoeden namelijk korte consulten waarin geen tijd is voor het voeren van een goed gesprek. Artsen schrijven voor en voeren uit, de patiënt ondergaat. Als we betekenisvolle zorg willen verlenen en daarmee meer lucht in het systeem willen blazen, dan helpt het als zorgverzekeraars meer geld uittrekken voor deze consulten, bepleit prof. dr. Christiaan Boerma. Betekenisvolle preventieve zorg De bijzondere leerstoel Betekenisvolle preventieve zorg is ingesteld door Stichting Topklinische Zorg Fryslân. Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden en Rijksuniversiteit Groningen/Campus Fryslân werken hierin samen aan onderzoek dat zich richt op zinvolle zorg voor de patiënt, bijdraagt aan het oplossen van personeelskrapte en aan de betaalbaarheid van de zorg. Het is een win-win voor iedereen: zorg die er toe doet voor de patiënt, tegen lagere kosten en met minder inzet van personeel.
Technology innovation in library: a bibliometric review
Authors: Margono Hendro , Rasyid Rizka Adristi , Setiyarini Melina Dewi
Published: October 2024

Technological innovation is changing libraries and how libraries operate. This study presents a bibliometric analysis to identify key patterns and trends in research on technological innovation in libraries, based on the publication of papers indexed in Web of Science from 2019 to 2023. A total of 433 documents from 342 sources were analyzed using Biblioshiny and VOSViewer software. The results show an increasing interest in this research domain, despite a negative annual publication growth rate of -32.33% in recent years. The IEEE Winter Conference on Computer Vision Applications and the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy were the most productive sources. "Library" was the most frequent keyword found in 6% of documents, along with terms such as "model", "performance", and "system", highlighting the focus on developing and evaluating technological systems for libraries.  The findings summarize the key topics, trends, and leading countries driving technology innovation research for libraries over the past five years. This bibliometric review provides insights to guide future research efforts in this area.
Deep learning in high schools: exploring pedagogical approaches for transformative education
Authors: Agyeman Nana Yaw Brenya
Published: October 2024

In today's ever-changing education landscape, fostering deep learning is paramount for transformative education. Teachers play a pivotal role in this endeavor by implementing effective pedagogies that guide students beyond surface-level understanding toward profound learning experiences. This study aimed to explore the effective pedagogical approaches used in schools to promote deep learning within a transformative educational setting. Adopting a qualitative approach with a case study design, the study focused on a single school to investigate these approaches. The study population comprised teachers and learners, with a purposive sample of eight participants, including four teachers and four learners. Data collection utilized semi-structured interviews with predetermined questions for the participants. Thematic analysis was employed to systematically distill meaningful themes and patterns from the collected data. The findings indicated that pedagogical approaches significantly contribute to both deep learning and transformative education, emphasizing active student participation. As a result, schools should adopt effective pedagogical approaches such as group discussions, presentations, and projects to enhance students’ learning experiences. The study therefore recommends that learner-centred pedagogies, teaching methods and strategies should be used in schools to foster deep learning of learners.
Violence and Freedom: A Phenomenological Inquiry into the Practices of Freedom
Authors: Bekele Amon
Published: October 2024

It’s difficult to give an account of human history without alluding to the reigns of terror and the fascination with violence perpetrated in the name of freedom and justice. Freedom and violence are two contrasting concepts that have shaped the history of humanity. While freedom is often associated with liberation, violence is characterized by the use of force and coercion. This study delves into the complex relationship between violence and freedom from a phenomenological perspective. Our understanding of freedom is shaped by the Kantian conception of freedom as the property of the will. It’s a model of freedom which associates freedom with mastery. It’s not only the negative and positive conceptions of freedom that have fallen prey to this attitude but postmodern freedom also operates within the same framework. The paper challenges this conventional understanding of freedom and its alignment with violence by drawing on phenomenological philosophy to explore the experiences of individuals who are both subject and objects of violence. It argues that freedom is not simply the absence of physical constraints, but rather a complex interplay of social and existential factors that shape individuals' experiences of agency and autonomy.
Relação com o Saber e Juvenilização
Authors: Vieira Karina , Freitas Teixeira Ana Maria
Published: October 2024

Este artigo busca compreender a Relação com o Saber de um grupo de estudantes que ingressam na Educação de Pessoas Jovens, Adultas e Idosas (EJA), evidenciando o fenômeno da juvenilização, seus aprendizados e os móbeis que determinam a sua inserção na EJA. Participaram 20 estudantes da EJA do Ensino Fundamental II da Escolas Reunidas Professor Francisco de Paula Abreu, localizada na cidade de Paripiranga (BA). Apoiamo-nos na abordagem qualitativa e conduzimos esta investigação ancoradas na teoria Relação com o Saber de Bernard Charlot. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizamos do questionário e do Balanço de Saber. A análise dos dados produzidos apontou que a Relação com o Saber dos sujeitos desta pesquisa está ligada, com maior preponderância, ao desejo de projeção universitária, embora não se perceba certa valorização das aprendizagens, uma vez que a categoria mais prevalente foram as aprendizagens não especificadas.
Measuring labor market concentration using the QCEW
Authors: Thompson Trent
Published: October 2024

Using data from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, this article explores a new measure of labor market concentration as well as how labor market concentration affects wages. In 2023, the average U.S. labor market was highly concentrated among employers according to federal antitrust review guidelines, and highly concentrated labor markets accounted for more than 15 percent of private sector employment and payrolls. Higher employer concentration is found to be significantly associated with lower wages, suggesting that concentration diminishes the bargaining power of workers. This article also simulates the impact of firm mergers on market concentration and wages, finding that mergers could significantly impact market power in thousands of local-level labor markets.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury Outcomes From 2009 to 2023: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Pappadis Monique R , Talley Kelli G , Garcia Patricia , Aguirre Caitlin R , Onwudebe Chinedu K , Smith Michelle , Lequerica Anthony H
Published: October 2024

Background

In 2009, Gary and colleagues reviewed prior research examining racial and ethnic differences in outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Over the past 15 years, advances in research and changes in the demographic composition of the United States warrant a comprehensive understanding of racial and ethnic disparities after TBI.

Objective

A systematic review will be conducted to examine racial and ethnic differences in TBI outcomes from 2009 to 2023.

Methods

Preliminary searches and study screening processes will identify relevant English-language articles published from January 2009 to December 2023 using the CINAHL, Gale OneFile, PsycINFO (Ovid), and PubMed electronic databases. Relevant articles will include quantitative or mixed method approaches, involve individuals with TBI or their caregivers, and compare 2 or more groups by race or ethnicity on post-TBI outcomes. Quality will be assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. This systematic review protocol was developed following PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) guidelines. Results will be summarized, and a subgroup analysis may be conducted based on demographics (eg, age, gender, or sex).

Results

We have already identified abstracts using the search strategy for all 4 of the included electronic databases. We recently updated the search and will begin abstract screening of the additional abstracts identified from the last search completed in January 2024. This systematic review is anticipated to be completed by fall 2024, and its findings will be disseminated to the scientific community, persons with TBI, caregivers, and the lay audience.

Conclusions

This systematic review will advance our understanding regarding outcome disparities among minoritized individuals with TBI, examine progress over the past 15 years in minimizing barriers encountered by these racial and ethnic groups, and provide professionals with a roadmap illustrating existing gaps in rehabilitation care, making way for further development and implementation of evidence-based interventions to improve health equity in TBI outcomes.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42023394529; https://tinyurl.com/53mtcz9b

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/58763
Price behaviour of Tomato in Major Markets of Nagpur District
Authors: Deshmukh Vedika S. , Shende Dr. N. V. , Nagpure Dr. S. C.
Published: October 2024

This research undertakes a comprehensive analysis of trends, variability, and seasonal fluctuations in arrivals and prices as well as the interrelationship between arrivals and prices of selected vegetable in kalamna, kalmeshwar and kamthi Markets of Nagpur District, Maharashtra for the year (2014-2023) by utilizing secondary data sourced from the website (www.agmarknet.nic.in).An analysis of market arrivals and prices of Tomato reveals a positive trend in arrivals and prices across all the three Nagpur District markets, Although statistical significance was only observed in two markets excluding kalamna market. Highest variability in Tomato arrivals i.e 82.04 was recorded in kamthi APMC, Nagpur while Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Market Yard, Kalamna, Nagpur saw the highest price variability i.e 86.30. In contrast lowest variability in Tomato arrival i.e 62.84 was recorded in Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Market Yard ,Kalamna, Nagpur and lowest price variability i.e 80.20 was observed in kamthi APMC, Nagpur. Highest seasonal indices for Tomato arrivals and prices observed in December and October at Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Market Yard, kalamna, Nagpur. March and July at kalmeshwar APMC, Nagpur and December and July at kamthi APMC, Nagpur. A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between arrivals and prices of Tomato in the Nagpur markets except for kalmeshwar market which shows positive correlation.
La ciencia médica del maya peninsular. Perspectivas sincrónica y diacrónica
Authors: Arzapalo Marín Ramón
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo es una contribución al estudio de la medicina profesional que practicaban los mayas de la península de Yucatán durante la época colonial. La investigación documental se basa primordialmente en El ritual de los Bacabes, colección de cánticos y prescripciones médicas transcritos con caracteres latinos, procedentes de un manuscrito jeroglífico escrito por los mayas yucatecos. Los hermosos conjuros, escritos en un estilo literario y críptico, nos proporcionan abundante información para una mejor comprensión de su antigua cultura. Este estudio parte del análisis filológico y semiótico de los textos literarios y esotéricos para ofrecer un mayor acercamiento a la práctica de la medicina. Las etimologías nos permiten comprender mejor su cosmogonía y, muy en particular, captar de alguna manera el conocimiento que tenían de todo aquello en torno a la enfermedad y su curación: la etiología, la clasificación de las dolencias o padecimientos (illness), su terapia, así como su relación con el entorno social, sobrenatural y físico, en general. Se ofrecen algunas sugerencias finales para futuras investigaciones tanto en perspectiva sincrónica como diacrónica.
Rompiendo regiones y creando estados: el juego de las fronteras internas en el caso del río Palizada
Authors: Torras Conangla Rosa
Published: October 2024

A partir de un acercamiento a la conflictiva historia de la delimitación jurisdiccional entre los estados de Campeche y Tabasco, en el área inmersa en la región de los ríos del Usumacinta, el artículo pretende aportar elementos de discusión sobre cómo los proyectos de colonización y las disputas por la hegemonía económica se entrecruzaron con la mayor empresa del México decimonónico: la integración de su territorio, su “mexicanización”.
Entre la criminalidad y el patriotismo: los mayas icaichés y los nexos entre el poder legítimo e ilegítimo
Authors: Sweeney Lean
Published: October 2024

El trabajo examina la historia de los mayas icaichés, y su contexto en el sureste yucateco a mediados del siglo xix, para argumentar lo inadecuado del modelo de un “centro” político y económico que domina su “periferia” empobrecida. Grupo de mayas rebeldes que lograron su nivel de poder al convertirse en paramilitares antirrebeldes al servicio, y a las expensas de los gobiernos de Mérida, Campeche, Belice, Guatemala y México, los icaichés representan la aparente inversión del modelo de poder del centro sobre la periferia. Su caso también sugiere que, probablemente, el intento de aplicar un modelo ideal y fantasioso de control fue lo que permitió que las regiones fronterizas cobraran mayor poder, a expensas de la legitimidad de un centro debilitado, con la consiguiente demanda de interacción y cooperación entre las dos regiones, entidades y culturas. En este sentido, el artículo también sugiere que el poder político de una idealizada Nación-Estado no dependía de la uniformidad e integralidad anhelada de la región, sino de la tensión constante en sus fronteras.
Negros y negritos en Yucatán en la primera mitad del siglo XX. Mestizaje, región, raza
Authors: Cunin Elisabeth
Published: October 2024

En la península de Yucatán se utiliza a veces el término boxito para identificar al negro: la expresión asocia una palabra maya (box, negro) y un diminutivo español (“ito”, pequeño). Esta denominación es el punto de partida de la reflexión que sigue: la categoría “negro” no existe como tal en Yucatán. O remite a una población extranjera (cubanos, beliceños, incluso africanos), o se ve mediada por su relación con lo indígena (único verdadero símbolo de alteridad). El ensayo busca entender la especificidad de los procesos de “etnicización” y “racialización” de las poblaciones negras, alteridad diferencial que remite por supuesto a procesos históricos y demográficos, y es también reveladora de la mirada de la sociedad dominante sobre sus minorías, cuando el campo científico define sus objetos de investigación legítimos o cuando la historia local valida —o no— la existencia de grupos y actores descritos en términos étnicos. El análisis de las poblaciones negras en la península de Yucatán permite así un doble cuestionamiento de los implícitos científicos de los trabajos académicos en la región y del modelo político regional del “mestizaje”.
“Naturalmente tímidas e inclinadas a la compasión”. Rebeldía y sometimiento femeninos en el mundo maya colonial
Authors: Humberto Ruz Mario
Published: October 2024

A través de la exposición y análisis de documentos de la época, el ensayo busca mostrar cómo, pese a un estereotipo muy difundido, las mujeres que habitaron en el ámbito maya a lo largo del dominio colonial no siempre se mostraron sumisas, resignadas y conformes con las directrices que les imponían las sociedades patriarcales y androcéntricas en que les tocó vivir, sino que desbrozaron caminos por los cuales manifestar en forma explícita o implícita su inconformidad o desacuerdo, con los papeles a que los hombres y las comunidades pretendieron condenarlas. El texto ejemplifica tales supuestos con documentos procedentes de juicios civiles (en particular por testamentos o intestados) y criminales, a más de algunas referencias a juicios eclesiásticos, a fin de mostrar su utilidad para aproximarse a las modalidades de sometimiento y rebeldía femenina en la época colonial; tema por lo común soslayado en el abordaje histórico de los procesos de identidad sociocultural, pero cuyo estudio nos aporta valiosas referencias acerca de rubros tan variados como las estructuras socioeconómicas familiares y comunitarias, las relaciones genéricas e intergeneracionales en épocas pasadas y, sobre todo, trasparentan la difícil situación que enfrentaban las mujeres en la esfera del derecho y su continua lucha por superarla.
Autoconciencia e identidad personal
Authors: Fricke Martin Francisco
Published: October 2024

Las teorías lockeanas de la identidad personal afirman que una persona persiste en el tiempo si su conciencia persiste y los criterios para la persistencia de su conciencia son principalmente psicológicos. Una posible motivación para tal teoría es la idea de que “la identidad de una persona no debería ser distinta de lo que la persona misma considera que es” (Rovane 1990, 360). ¿Pero es posible que la propia identidad dependa de lo que uno mismo piensa que es? En este trabajo se investigan tres posibles maneras de interpretar esta afirmación: la identidad temporal de una persona podría depender 1) del conocimiento que ella tiene de su propia identidad, 2) de alguna creencia que tiene sobre su identidad o 3) de lo que ella ha decidido sobre su identidad. Se argumenta que 1) es incoherente, 2) no es plausible y 3) incompatible con la lógica de nuestro concepto de identidad. Como alternativa se esboza una teoría animalista de la identidad temporal de las personas.
Nunca fuimos posmodernos
Authors: Ramírez Sánchez Sandra Lucía
Published: October 2024

Este artículo analiza las propuestas filosóficas que, alrededor de la tecnología, presentan Martin Heidegger y Bruno Latour, con el objetivo de avanzar en la comprensión del concepto de “naturaleza” e iluminar caminos a través de los que ésta puede ser (re)pensada. En un primer momento se presenta un “supuesto de separación”, en torno al que se articulan las críticas que Latour dirige a Heidegger. Posteriormente se reconstruye el argumento heideggeriano sobre la naturaleza de la tecnología y las convergencias que existen entre su propuesta y la de Latour para, finalmente, presentar cuál es el lugar que la naturaleza ocupa en sus filosofías.
Avances en el estudio de la estructura territorial de la Zona Metropolitana de Mérida, Yucatán
Authors: Domínguez Aguilar Mauricio
Published: October 2024

Recientes procesos de cambio y transformación en la región han dado como resultado no sólo el desarrollo de la Zona Metropolitana de Mérida, Yucatán, sino también la compleja organización territorial que la compone, la cual, pese a su relevancia, ha sido poco estudiada tanto con fines académicos como de desarrollo de políticas públicas. Tomando como punto de partida las aportaciones de estudios previos sobre la región y la aplicación de la “teoría del lugar central”, este trabajo analiza la organización territorial de la zona metropolitana, la cual genera significativos efectos en el acceso de la población local a servicios públicos, empleo, etcétera. Si bien aquí el análisis de la jerarquización de localidades y de la distribución de la población muestra la existencia de aspectos positivos en su modelo de organización territorial, la lectura atenta revela sus deficiencias y la necesidad de definir una agenda en la materia, la cual resulta fundamental tanto desde la perspectiva académica como desde el ámbito de las políticas públicas.
Médicos y medicinas en el mundo peninsular maya colonial y decimonónico
Authors: Chávez Guzmán Mónica
Published: October 2024

El contacto de los europeos con los indígenas y negros en la Nueva España colonial, con culturas desarrolladas en condiciones y medios muy diferentes, dio como resultado un enriquecimiento en las posibilidades de curación de los habitantes del nuevo y del viejo continente, aun cuando en ellas se enlazaran alternativas inadecuadas que el propio tiempo se encargó de borrar. En los documentos medicinales coloniales yucatecos encontramos una mezcla de elementos y teorías médicas mayas y europeas, con sus propias influencias de otras partes del mundo, que a través del intercambio dieron lugar tanto a coincidencias y admiraciones, como a desencuentros y rechazos. Destacan las ideas sobre el “frío-calor” de los elementos del cosmos, las enfermedades, las terapias y las aplicaciones de sangrías construidas de manera paralela en ambas culturas, pero a partir de conceptos muy distintos y en ocasiones irreconciliables sobre el cuerpo humano, la enfermedad, las maneras de percibir la curación, además, por supuesto, de las propias ideas religiosas.
Las abejas sin aguijón (Apidae: Apinae: Meliponini) de Bolivia: una aproximación al conocimiento sobre su riqueza y distribución geográfica
Authors: Céspedes-Llave Ariel Ángel
Published: October 2024

El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue generar una lista actualizada de las especies de abejas sin aguijón (Apidae: Apinae: Meliponini) en Bolivia, abordando aspectos geográficos, taxonómicos, históricos y ecorregionales. Se realizaron ajustes en la sistemática de abejas sin aguijón y correcciones geográficas mediante un minucioso análisis de la información recopilada. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la presencia de 121 especies en Bolivia, distribuidas en 19 géneros válidos, estos datos se basan en 616 registros recopilados desde 1932 hasta 2022, se destaca que la riqueza de especies de las abejas meliponinas es notablemente alta por debajo de 1,000 m (> 90% especies). Las ecorregiones más diversas resultaron ser los Yungas y el sudoeste de la Amazonia albergando 90% de las especies. Con este trabajo, se logró generar datos actualizados de la riqueza de especies de meliponinos con información de distribución geográfica para Bolivia. La relevancia de este estudio es impulsar la consolidación de conocimientos de diversidad de abejas, con el involucramiento de instituciones científicas y la comunidad investigadores. Además, que sirva como guía para las meliponiculturas locales, para identificar y manejar especies en función de la ecorregión en la que se ubiquen.
Eksistensialisme Wanita: Studi Kasus Cerpen ‘Catatan Hati Seorang Istri’ pada Karakter Religius
Authors: Hartini  , Widayanti Mukti , Sudiyana Benedictus
Published: October 2024

Perbedaan peran antara perempuan dengan laki-laki dapat mempengaruhi penulisan sejumlah karya sastra di Indonesia. Cerpen Catatan Hati Seorang Istri karangan Asma Nadia menggambarkan dunia perempuan yang memiliki berbagai permasalahan. Dunia perempuan yang meliputi citra diri perempuan, pikiran, tingkah laku, sikap, dan perasaan secara implisit dan eksplisit di dalam novel tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan konstruksi pandangan feminisme eksistensial dan keterkaitan cerpen Catatan Hati Seorang Istri dengan penguatan karakter religius. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik baca dan teknik catat. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode dialektik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandangan feminisme eksistensial dapat dilihat adanya bentuk ketidakadilan gender, diantaranya kekerasan fisik; pelecehan; selingkuh dan poligami. Ketidakadilan yang dialami oleh istri menimbulkan dampak negatif dalam sebuah rumah tangga, antara lain: ketidakbahagiaan rumah tangga; perselingkuhan dan perceraian. Penguatan karakter religius dalam cerpen tersebut dapat dinilai dari unsur Aqidah; nilai Akhlak dan unsur Ibadah. Nilai aqidah terbagi menjadi dua yaitu keyakinan dan ketetapan. Dalam nilai akhlak, terkandung adanya perbedaan dua karakter yang berlawanan, yakni akhlak terpuji yang dimiliki oleh para istri yang bersikap sabar dan ikhlas. Sebaliknya, akhlak tercela dimiliki oleh para suami yang melanggar ikatan suci pernikahan. Dalam unsur ibadah yang bersifat khusus adalah melakukan taqarrub (mendekatkan diri) kepada Allah. yaitu dengan mematuhi segala perintah-Nya, meninggalkan semua larangan-Nya dan menjalankan segala sesuatu yang dihalalkan Allah. Adapun beribadah secara umum adalah segala amalan yang diizinkan Allah.
Nilai-nilai Profetik yang Tercermin dalam Karya Prosa di Majalah Suara ‘Aisyiyah
Authors: Setiadi David , Aziz Muhammad Thariq , Zahra Cinta Az
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karya prosa berbentuk cerpen yang terbit di majalah Suara ‘Aisyiyah periode terbit tahun 2022. Dalam periode terbit tahun 2022 ini hanya terdapat dua cerpen yang diterbit yaitu cerpen “Pesta yang Aneh” Karya Mustofa W. Hasyim dan “Peyek Annisa” karya Em Hadziq. Penelitian ini menggunakan maklumat sastra profetik dalam proses analisisnya. Analisis sastra profetik bertujuan untuk melihat nilai profetik yang terdiri dari humanisasi, liberasi dan transendensi yang terdapat dalam kedua cerpen. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis sastra profetik yang membahas konteks nilai-nilai profetik yang tercermin dalam kedua teks cerpen yang dianalisis. Sehingga terlihat kelindan antara teks dan konteks dalam kedua cerpen yang dianalisis. Penelitian ini memperoleh temuan bahwa nilai-nilai profetik yang tercermin dalam kedua cerpen ini seperti nilai humanisasi, liberasi dan transendensi digunakan sebagai salah satu sarana dakwah.
Narasi Perempuan Dalam Larasati Karya Pramoedya A. Toer: Kajian Sastra Feminis Pascakolonial
Authors: Sari Dinda Tri Puspita , Rosda Farah Syahida , Susanto Dwi
Published: October 2024

Analisis pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap dan mengetahui bagaimana citra perempuan itu dinarasikan oleh pengarang. Objek material penelitian ini adalah novel Larasati karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Objek formal penelitian adalah narasi citra perempuan yang dibangun dalam novel tersebut. Dengan demikian untuk menguraikan diskusi tersebut menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teknik dekonstruksi Derrida. Melalui tahapan pembacaan, pencatatan, dan teknik interpretasi. Dari tahapan tersebut menghasilkan analisis berupa oposisi dan pembongkaran terhadap perempuan dalam novel Larasati, yakni oposisi pro republik versus pro penjajah dan perempuan versus laki-laki. Sekian itu, hasil juga menunjukkan adanya suara narator dari teks adalah gagasan pengarang dalam mengonstruksi citra perempuan terhadap wacana kolonial. Selain itu, narasi citra perempuan pada novel Larasati tersebut tidak lepas dari pemikiran realis-sosialis yang dimiliki Pramoedya sebagai pengarang, sehingga memunculkan tokoh perempuan dengan yang melakukan perlawanan.
Pelops: The Emergence of a Mythical Personality From Folktale, Ritual and Geography
Authors: Patay-Horváth András
Published: October 2024

Heroes were generally imagined by the ancient Greeks as historical personalities from a distant past who were remembered even centuries later and whose deeds became legendary. Although this concept is occasionally found even today, it is much more probable and indeed it is generally agreed that mythical heroes were not created in this way, but myths somehow evolved from/in tandem with rituals and/or as aetiological tales. On the other hand, the close connections between folktales and myths were always acknowledged, even if the nature of their relationship remains controversial. In this paper, the mythical biography of Pelops is discussed because I think it offers an instructive case-study illustrating the complexities involved. All the episodes of Pelops’ myths follow distinct folktale patterns and each of them was most probably inspired by different factors such as geography (strange rock formations around Mount Sipylos), popular etymology (the name of the Peloponnese) and ritual (some special cult practices in early Iron Age Olympia). The episodes of the hero’s life (childhood, marriage, kingship) were only loosely connected to each other and they were not amalgamated into a coherent biography until the end of the 19th century.
Lucius Brutus of Rome and Cypselus of Corinth
Authors: Rung Ádám
Published: October 2024

The story of Lucius Brutus, the founder of the Roman Republic has often been analysed as a historical story, somewhat mythicised, and embellished by literary tropes; and some have also interpreted it as primarily a myth, historicised by a later Roman culture more interested in the exemplary than in the marvelous. Starting out in the latter tradition, this article explores a connection that has been hinted at from antiquity, and has been analysed from the historical and historiographic perspective to some extent, but has not been interpreted in detail as a connection between two myths: the numerous parallels that the story of Brutus and the Tarquins, as told by Virgil, Livy and Ovid, has to the saga of the aristocratic Bacchiad and the tyrannical Cypselid families of early Corinth, as told by Herodotus and Aristotle. The newly discovered parallels (and the re-examination of the known ones) between these stories also invite the reader to reflect on the ways they might have evolved, their political and cultural functionality and on the complex interplay between myth and history.
Практические аспекты решения задачи селекции корпоративных девелоперских проектов
Authors: Изюмов Максим Дмитриевич
Published: October 2024

В современном мире корпоративные девелоперские проекты играют важную роль в развитии бизнеса. От эффективности реализации этих проектов во многом зависит успех компании. Автором рассмотрены практические аспекты решения задачи селекции корпоративных девелоперских проектов с акцентом на необходимость комплексного подхода к принятию решения о реализации проекта.
Рассмотрены различные стратегии, которые применяются в процессе управления портфелем корпоративной недвижимости. Многообразие стратегий обуславливает необходимость формирования многосоставного перечня критериев для решения задачи селекции проектов девелопмента, реализуемых в рамках управления портфелем корпоративной недвижимости. Разработан перечень критериев, включающий в себя три группы параметров проектов: финансово-экономические, экологические и управленческие. В качестве критерия общей эффективности предлагается использовать социальный возврат на инвестиции, который входит в группу финансово-экономических критериев, совместно с капиталоемкостью, масштабностью и совокупной стоимостью владения. Экологические критерии учитывают такие параметры объекта недвижимости, как наличие различных сертификатов, класс энергоэффективности, а также внедрение автоматизированных систем управления зданием. Управленческие критерии позволяют оценить соответствие проекта общей стратегии корпорации, поэтому в данную группу входят такие параметры, как: срок ввода в эксплуатацию, формат реализации проекта, а также обеспеченность сотрудников площадью.
Для принятия итогового решения автором предлагается использовать метод анализа иерархий, широко применяемый в различных отраслях при решении подобных задач. Представлены методические основы, а также практический пример применения данного метода.