bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Psychometric Integrity of the Social Skills Improvement System Teacher Rating Scale Scores for a Sample of Preschool-Age Children
Authors: Huang Ke , Conroy Maureen A. , Snyder Patricia A. , Miller David , Sutherland Kevin S.
Published: May 2023

The Social Skills Improvement System–Teacher Rating Scale (SSIS-TRS) has been widely used to measure the social skills and behaviors of children and adolescents that are challenging. Studies examining the psychometric properties of the SSIS-TRS have been conducted, but the dimensional structure and item properties of the SSIS-TRS have not been extensively examined with samples of preschool-age children at risk for social-emotional and behavioral difficulties. This current study was designed to examine (a) the dimensional structure of the Social Skills scale and Problem Behaviors scale of the SSIS-TRS and (b) the item function of the SSIS-TRS using item response theory analyses with data collected from teachers of a sample of 469 preschool-age children at risk for social–emotional and behavioral difficulties. A four-dimensional structure (i.e., Cooperation, Empathy and Relationship, Engagement and Interaction, and Self-Control) and a three-dimensional structure (i.e., Aggression and Defiance, Disruptiveness and Stereotypy, and Withdrawal) were identified for the Social Skills and Problem Behaviors scales, respectively. Item parameters of the SSIS-TRS were estimated using the generalized partial credit model. Item information curves were plotted for individual items; behavior indicators providing higher information for measuring corresponding social skills and problem behaviors constructs were identified. The limitations and implications for the present study are discussed.
Comparison of the “Tall and Fall” Versus “Drop and Drive” Pitching Styles: Analysis of Major League Baseball Pitchers During a Single Season
Authors: Beaudry Mason F. , Beaudry Anna G. , Bradley James P. , Haynes David E. , Holland Glenn , Edwards Audrene , Baker Brent A. , Jacobson Bradley R. , Chetlin Robert D.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Previous research has documented the proportion of “tall and fall” (TF) and “drop and drive” (DD) pitching styles among Major League Baseball (MLB) pitchers who underwent ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR). The proportion of these 2 styles among all MLB pitchers remains unknown.

Purpose:

To determine the proportion of the TF and DD pitching styles in all rostered MLB pitchers during a single season as well as the proportion of TF and DD pitchers who sustained an upper extremity (UE) injury and those who underwent UCLR.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Pitcher demographic characteristics from the 2019 MLB season and pitching information were obtained via open-access sources. Two-dimensional video analysis was used to categorize the included pitchers into TF and DD groups. Statistical comparisons and contrasts were made using 2-tailed t tests, chi-square tests, and Pearson correlation analyses as appropriate.

Results:

Of the 660 MLB rostered pitchers in 2019 (age, 27.39 ± 3.51 years; body mass index, 26.34 ± 2.47 kg/m2; fastball velocity, 150.49 ± 3.99 kph [93.51 ± 2.48 mph]), 412 (62.4%) pitchers used the TF style and 248 (37.6%) pitchers used the DD style. Significantly more UE injuries were seen in the TF group compared with the DD group (112 vs 38 injuries, respectively; P < .001). Twelve pitchers underwent UCLR (TF, 10; DD, 2), representing a 1.8% UCLR rate among all pitchers. This was a second surgery for 2 pitchers, both of whom used the TF pitching style. Significantly more pitchers in the TF group than the DD group had undergone UCLR before 2019 (135 vs 56 pitchers, respectively; P = .005).

Conclusion:

The results of the present study demonstrated a higher prevalence of both UE injury and prior UCLR in TF pitchers. Further research is needed to explore the potential association between pitching style and UE injury.
Prevalence and risk factors for postnatal mental health problems in mothers of infants admitted to neonatal care: analysis of two population-based surveys in England
Authors: Gong Jenny , Fellmeth Gracia , Quigley Maria A. , Gale Chris , Stein Alan , Alderdice Fiona , Harrison Siân
Published: May 2023

Background

Previous research suggests that mothers whose infants are admitted to neonatal units (NNU) experience higher rates of mental health problems compared to the general perinatal population. This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with postnatal depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress (PTS), and comorbidity of these mental health problems for mothers of infants admitted to NNU, six months after childbirth.

Methods

This was a secondary analysis of two cross-sectional, population-based National Maternity Surveys in England in 2018 and 2020. Postnatal depression, anxiety, and PTS were assessed using standardised measures. Associations between sociodemographic, pregnancy- and birth-related factors and postnatal depression, anxiety, PTS, and comorbidity of these mental health problems were explored using modified Poisson regression and multinomial logistic regression.

Results

Eight thousand five hundred thirty-nine women were included in the analysis, of whom 935 were mothers of infants admitted to NNU. Prevalence of postnatal mental health problems among mothers of infants admitted to NNU was 23.7% (95%CI: 20.6–27.2) for depression, 16.0% (95%CI: 13.4–19.0) for anxiety, 14.6% (95%CI: 12.2–17.5) for PTS, 8.2% (95%CI: 6.5–10.3) for two comorbid mental health problems, and 7.5% (95%CI: 5.7–10.0) for three comorbid mental health problems six months after giving birth. These rates were consistently higher compared to mothers whose infants were not admitted to NNU (19.3% (95%CI: 18.3–20.4) for depression, 14.0% (95%CI: 13.1–15.0) for anxiety, 10.3% (95%CI: 9.5–11.1) for PTS, 8.5% (95%CI: 7.8–9.3) for two comorbid mental health problems, and 4.2% (95%CI: 3.6–4.8) for three comorbid mental health problems six months after giving birth. Among mothers of infants admitted to NNU (N = 935), the strongest risk factors for mental health problems were having a long-term mental health problem and antenatal anxiety, while social support and satisfaction with birth were protective.

Conclusions

Prevalence of postnatal mental health problems was higher in mothers of infants admitted to NNU, compared to mothers of infants not admitted to NNU six months after giving birth. Experiencing previous mental health problems increased the risk of postnatal depression, anxiety, and PTS whereas social support and satisfaction with birth were protective. The findings highlight the importance of routine and repeated mental health assessments and ongoing support for mothers of infants admitted to NNU.
Mapping the abundance of endemic mosquito-borne diseases vectors in southern Quebec
Authors: Ludwig Antoinette , Rousseu François , Kotchi Serge Olivier , Allostry Julie , Fournier Richard A.
Published: May 2023

Background

Climate change is increasing the dispersion of mosquitoes and the spread of viruses of which some mosquitoes are the main vectors. In Quebec, the surveillance and management of endemic mosquito-borne diseases, such as West Nile virus or Eastern equine encephalitis, could be improved by mapping the areas of risk supporting vector populations. However, there is currently no active tool tailored to Quebec that can predict mosquito population abundances, and we propose, with this work, to help fill this gap.

Methods

Four species of mosquitos were studied in this project for the period from 2003 to 2016 for the southern part of the province of Quebec:Aedes vexans(VEX),Coquillettidia perturbans(CQP),Culex pipiens-restuansgroup (CPR) andOchlerotatus stimulansgroup (SMG) species. We used a negative binomial regression approach, including a spatial component, to model the abundances of each species or species group as a function of meteorological and land-cover variables. We tested several sets of variables combination, regional and local scale variables for landcover and different lag period for the day of capture for weather variables, to finally select one best model for each species.

Results

Models selected showed the importance of the spatial component, independently of the environmental variables, at the larger spatial scale. In these models, the most important land-cover predictors that favored CQP and VEX were ‘forest’, and ‘agriculture’ (for VEX only). Land-cover ‘urban’ had negative impact on SMG and CQP. The weather conditions on the trapping day and previous weather conditions summarized over 30 or 90 days were preferred over a shorter period of seven days, suggesting current and long-term previous weather conditions effects on mosquito abundance.

Conclusions

The strength of the spatial component highlights the difficulties in modelling the abundance of mosquito species and the model selection shows the importance of selecting the right environmental predictors, especially when choosing the temporal and spatial scale of these variables. Climate and landscape variables were important for each species or species group, suggesting it is possible to consider their use in predicting long-term spatial variationsin the abundance of mosquitoes potentially harmful to public health in southern Quebec.
Outcomes of U-shaped internal fixation in the treatment of avulsion fracture of calcaneal tubercle
Authors: Lou Weigang , Liu Min , Xu Ding , Li Ming , Chen Jianming
Published: May 2023

Background

The purpose of this study was to analyze the efficacy of U-shaped internal fixation for calcaneal tubercle fracture after nearly 3 years of case follow-up and data collection.

Method

We retrospectively analyzed the collected data from 16 patients with avulsion fracture of calcaneal tubercle between December 2018 and February 2021 at our institute. All patients were required to conform to regular follow up postoperatively. X-ray film was applied to all cases. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Association (AOFAS) score, Cedell score and the visual analog scale (VAS) were used to evaluate functional results.

Results

All patients achieved bone union. The preoperative AOFAS score was 26.34 ± 3.34, which was significantly different from 91.38 ± 6.15 half a year after operation (p = 0.003). The preoperative Cedell score was 31.05 ± 4.18 and the score half a year after operation was 92.17 ± 5.39(p = 0.011). The VAS score was 8.91 ± 1.51 before operation and decreased to 0.58 ± 1.31 half a year after operation (p = 0.014).

Conclusions

In the treatments of calcaneal tubercle fracture, U-shaped internal fixation is a new attempt. Through the short-term follow-up study, we found that its therapeutic effect is excellent, which is a recommended treatment in clinic.
Effect of nurse-led intervention on knowledge and preventive behavior of diabetic pregnant women regarding COVID-19 associated mucromycosis infection in mid-delta region of Egypt
Authors: Shahin Marwa A. , Abu-Elenin Mira M. , Nada Hanan E.
Published: May 2023

Background

Black fungus (mycoses) is an opportunistic invasive infection that predominantly occurred among immunosuppressed persons. It has been recently detected in COVID-19 patients. The pregnant diabetic woman is susceptible to such infections and needs recognition for protection. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the nurse-led intervention on the knowledge and preventive practice of diabetic pregnant women regarding fungal mycosis during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method

This quasi-experimental study was conducted at maternal health care centers in Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. The study recruited 73 diabetic pregnant women through a systematic random sampling of pregnant women attending the maternity clinic during the period of the study. A structured interview questionnaire was used to measure their knowledge regarding Mucormycosis and COVID-19 manifestations. The preventive practices were assessed through an observational checklist of hygienic practice, insulin administration, and blood glucose monitoring for the prevention of Mucormycosis infection.

Results

The study revealed a statistically significant increment in the participants’ knowledge, preventive practice, personal hygiene, and diabetes self-care scores (9.56 ± 1.75 ,3.6 ± 1.18, 3.18 ± 1.29 post-intervention) comparable to (6.19 ± 1.66, 1.97 ± 1.35, 0.89 ± 1.38  pre-intervention) respectively. There was a significant improvement in the overall COVID-19 protective score against Mucormycosis (from 2.66 ± 1.74 to 4.53 ± 1.43).

Conclusion

Nursing educational sessions had a positive effect on pregnant women’s awareness and preventive behavior. Hence, it is recommended to integrate nurse-led intervention targeting the preventive practice against COVID-19-associated Mucormycosis infection (CAM) as routine services for diabetic pregnant women during antenatal care.
Involvement of a flavoprotein, acetohydroxyacid synthase, in growth and riboflavin production in riboflavin-overproducing Ashbya gossypii mutant
Authors: Kato Tatsuya , Kano Mai , Yokomori Ami , Azegami Junya , El Enshasy Hesham A. , Park Enoch Y.
Published: May 2023

Background

Previously, we isolated a riboflavin-overproducing Ashbya gossypii mutant (MT strain) and discovered some mutations in genes encoding flavoproteins. Here, we analyzed the riboflavin production in the MT strain, in view of flavoproteins, which are localized in the mitochondria.

Results

In the MT strain, mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased compared with that in the wild type (WT) strain, resulting in increased reactive oxygen species. Additionally, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), a universal flavoprotein inhibitor, inhibited riboflavin production in the WT and MT strains at 50 µM, indicating that some flavoproteins may be involved in riboflavin production. The specific activities of NADH and succinate dehydrogenases were significantly reduced in the MT strain, but those of glutathione reductase and acetohydroxyacid synthase were increased by 4.9- and 25-fold, respectively. By contrast, the expression of AgGLR1 gene encoding glutathione reductase was increased by 32-fold in the MT strain. However, that of AgILV2 gene encoding the catalytic subunit of acetohydroxyacid synthase was increased by only 2.1-fold. These results suggest that in the MT strain, acetohydroxyacid synthase, which catalyzes the first reaction of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis, is vital for riboflavin production. The addition of valine, which is a feedback inhibitor of acetohydroxyacid synthase, to a minimal medium inhibited the growth of the MT strain and its riboflavin production. In addition, the addition of branched-chain amino acids enhanced the growth and riboflavin production in the MT strain.

Conclusion

The significance of branched-chain amino acids for riboflavin production in A. gossypii is reported and this study opens a novel approach for the effective production of riboflavin in A. gossypii.
Association between fibrinogen and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women
Authors: Du Weibin , Wang Zhenwei , Dong Yi , Hu Jintao , Chen Xiaoping
Published: May 2023

Objective

There is very limited of evidence linking fibrinogen and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Therefore, this study intended to examine the relationship between fibrinogen and total BMD in postmenopausal women.

Methods

This cross-sectional analysis included 2043 postmenopausal women aged 50 years and older from the 1999 to 2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The independent variable was fibrinogen and the outcome variable was total BMD. The association between fibrinogen and total BMD in postmenopausal women was examined using multivariate linear regression models, with subgroup analyses stratified by race. Smoothing curve fitting and generalized additive models further analyzed the sample data.

Results

In multiple regression models adjusted for potential confounders, fibrinogen was negatively associated with total BMD (model 1: − 0.0002 [− 0.0002, − 0.0001], model 2: − 0.0000 [− 0.0001, − 0.0000], model 3: − 0.0001 [− 0.0001, − 0.0001]). In subgroup analysis stratified by race, fibrinogen levels were negatively associated with total BMD in postmenopausal women, Non-Hispanic Whites, and Mexican Americans. However, in Non-Hispanic Blacks, the correlation between fibrinogen levels and total BMD was not significant. For individuals that identify as Other Races, fibrinogen levels were positively correlated with total BMD.

Conclusion

Our findings show a negative association between fibrinogen levels and total BMD in most postmenopausal women aged 50 years and older, however, is variable by race. In postmenopausal women, Non-Hispanic Whites and Mexican Americans, relatively high fibrinogen levels may be adverse to bone health.
Sex- and age-related differences in renal and cardiac injury and senescence in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Ansari Aneesa , Walton Sarah L. , Denton Kate M.
Published: May 2023

Background

Sex differences play a critical role in the incidence and severity of cardiovascular diseases, whereby men are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease compared to age-matched premenopausal women. Marked sex differences at the cellular and tissue level may contribute to susceptibility to cardiovascular disease and end-organ damage. In this study, we have performed an in-depth histological analysis of sex differences in hypertensive cardiac and renal injury in middle-aged stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSPs) to determine the interaction between age, sex and cell senescence.

Methods

Kidneys, hearts and urine samples were collected from 6.5- and 8-month-old (Mo) male and female SHRSPs. Urine samples were assayed for albumin and creatinine content. Kidneys and hearts were screened for a suite of cellular senescence markers (senescence-associated β-galactosidase, p16INK4a, p21, γH2AX). Renal and cardiac fibrosis was quantified using Masson’s trichrome staining, and glomerular hypertrophy and sclerosis were quantified using Periodic acid–Schiff staining.

Results

Marked renal and cardiac fibrosis, concomitant with albuminuria, were evident in all SHRSPs. These sequelae were differentially affected by age, sex and organ. That is, the level of fibrosis was greater in the kidney than the heart, males had greater levels of fibrosis than females in both the heart and kidney, and even a 6-week increase in age resulted in greater levels of kidney fibrosis in males. The differences in kidney fibrosis were reflected by elevated levels of cellular senescence in the kidney in males but not females. Senescent cell burden was significantly less in cardiac tissue compared to renal tissue and was not affected by age or sex.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates a clear sex pattern in age-related progression of renal and cardiac fibrosis and cellular senescence in SHRSP rats. A 6-week time frame was associated with increased indices of cardiac and renal fibrosis and cellular senescence in male SHRSPs. Female SHRSP rats were protected from renal and cardiac damage compared to age-matched males. Thus, the SHRSP is an ideal model to investigate the effects of sex and aging on organ injury over a short timeframe.
What evidence exists on the performance of nature-based solutions interventions for coastal protection in biogenic, shallow ecosystems? A systematic map protocol
Authors: Paxton Avery B. , Riley Trevor N. , Steenrod Camille L. , Smith Carter S. , Zhang Y. Stacy , Gittman Rachel K. , Silliman Brian R. , Buckel Christine A. , Viehman T. Shay , Puckett Brandon J. , Davis Jenny
Published: May 2023

Background

Anthropogenic pressures and climate change threaten the capacity of ecosystems to deliver a variety of services, including protecting coastal communities from hazards like flooding and erosion. Human interventions aim to buffer against or overcome these threats by providing physical protection for existing coastal infrastructure and communities, along with added ecological, social, or economic co-benefits. These interventions are a type of nature-based solution (NBS), broadly defined as actions working with nature to address societal challenges while also providing benefits for human well-being, biodiversity, and resilience. Despite the increasing popularity of NBS for coastal protection, sometimes in lieu of traditional hardened shorelines (e.g., oyster reefs instead of bulkheads), gaps remain in our understanding of whether common NBS interventions for coastal protection perform as intended. To help fill these knowledge gaps, we aim to identify, collate, and map the evidence base surrounding the performance of active NBS interventions related to coastal protection across a suite of ecological, physical, social, and economic outcomes in salt marsh, seagrass, kelp, mangrove, shellfish reef, and coral reef systems. The resulting evidence base will highlight the current knowledge on NBS performance and inform future uses of NBS meant for coastal protection.

Methods

Searches for primary literature on performance of NBS for coastal protection in shallow, biogenic ecosystems will be conducted using a predefined list of indexing platforms, bibliographic databases, open discovery citation indexes, and organizational databases and websites, as well as an online search engine and novel literature discovery tool. All searches will be conducted in English and will be restricted to literature published from 1980 to present. Resulting literature will be screened against set inclusion criteria (i.e., population, intervention, outcome, study type) at the level of title and abstract followed by full text. Screening will be facilitated by a web-based active learning tool that incorporates user feedback via machine learning to prioritize articles for review. Metadata will be extracted from articles that meet inclusion criteria and summarized in a narrative report detailing the distribution and abundance of evidence surrounding NBS performance, including evidence clusters, evidence gaps, and the precision and sensitivity of the search strategy.
Secondary outcomes and qualitative findings of an open-label feasibility trial of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate for adults with bulimia nervosa
Authors: Dixon Laura , Bartel Sara , Brown Victoria , Ali Sarrah I. , Gamberg Susan , Murphy Andrea , Brewer Katherine L. , McElroy Susan L. , Kaplan Allan , Nunes Abraham , Keshen Aaron R.
Published: May 2023

Background

There is emerging evidence that stimulants warrant further investigation as a treatment for bulimia nervosa (BN) including a recent open-label feasibility trial examining the use of lisdexamfetamine dimestylate (LDX) for BN. The current report presents the secondary outcomes and qualitative interview results from that feasibility trial. These outcomes explore several purported mechanisms that may explain how stimulants affect symptoms of BN: appetite, impulsivity, obsessive and compulsive symptoms, eating disorder psychopathology/impairment and reward-based decision-making.

Methods

Twenty-three participants with BN received LDX for eight weeks. Questionnaires assessing appetite, impulsivity, obsessive and compulsive symptoms, eating disorder psychopathology and impairment were administered at baseline and post-treatment. Participants also completed a two-step reinforcement learning task to assess their decision-making. Semi-structured interviews took place at baseline, week 5, and follow-up.

Results

Reductions in hunger, food-related impulsivity, obsessive and compulsive features, eating disorder psychopathology and impairment were found. However, reward learning, as far as it is assessed by the task, did not seem to contribute to the effect of LDX on BN symptoms. Qualitative analysis suggested four themes: (1) reprieve from the eating disorder, (2) improvement in function and quality of life, (3) renewed hope for recovery, and (4) ability to normalize eating.

Conclusions

This report suggests several potential mechanisms by which LDX may reduce symptoms of binging and purging in those with BN. Importantly, due to the open-label design, we are unable to attribute findings to the medication. Instead, our results should be interpreted as hypothesis generating to inform future studies such as adequately powered randomized controlled trials.

Trial registration NCT03397446.
Phase shift plus interpolation with uncorrelated anisotropic parameters
Authors: Ferguson Robert J.
Published: May 2023

Seismic imaging methods such as phase shift plus interpolation achieve computational efficiency by reducing the associated P-wave velocity model to a small set of reference values. Anisotropy complicates this reduction because multiple parameters characterize an anisotropic model, and they do not necessarily correlate in space. Rather than attempting to find reference parameters for potentially uncorrelated anisotropic models, I find a set of reference traveltimes based on the spatial variation of horizontal slowness at the evanescent boundary. Strong changes in that horizontal slowness mark zones of strong changes in the combined effect of the anisotropic parameters simultaneously, and I use these zones to define the set of reference traveltimes. Based on traveltime comparisons and impulse responses, I find that reference traveltimes rather than reference parameters return greater accuracy with a more reasonable computational cost.
Stray gas source determination using forensic geochemical data
Authors: McCaffrey Mark A. , Kornacki Alan S. , Laughrey Christopher D. , Patterson Brooks A.
Published: May 2023

There is a standard method for rigorously using geochemical data to identify the source of stray gas. “Stray gas” is defined as gaseous material of undetermined origin found in an area where the gas has impacted the shallow-subsurface or potable water supplies, or has the potential to present a threat to public health and safety. Stray gas is composed of hydrocarbons or other gases, such as CO2. Previous studies have used geochemical data, including molecular and isotopic gas compositions, to empirically constrain the source of stray gas present in samples collected from specific locations (sometimes called “receptors”). On a more granular level than presented previously, we have discussed the interpretive workflow that should be followed to interpret geochemical data in the context of a stray gas investigation. A key concept is that geochemical data should be used impartially to evaluate all potential sources of the stray gas and, where possible, identify the most likely source. Focusing on only a subset of potential gas sources can lead to erroneous conclusions regarding gas sources. Furthermore, to accurately identify the gas source, geochemical data must be interpreted in the context of the site-specific geology, including evidence of previous gas migration events in the area. We illustrate these points using examples from Parker County, Texas, and from Lycoming County, Pennsylvania.
I and We in Picun: The Making of Chinese Poet Xiao Hai
Authors: van Crevel Maghiel
Published: May 2023

Xiao Hai left home at age fifteen as one of roughly three hundred million domestic migrant workers whose labor has contributed to China's rise since the 1980s. He was a factory worker in a string of cities for a good dozen years: think assembly line, overtime, exploitation, alienation. To counter the pressures of this life, he wrote poetry. In 2016 he settled in Picun, a village on the outskirts of Beijing made famous by an NGO called the Migrant Workers Home. The Home aims to advance migrant workers’ social identification through cultural education. To this end, the migrant worker community works with academic and cultural professionals, media professionals, and members of the state's cultural apparatus. This interaction takes shape in a “shared space” (in Dai Jinhua's words) of cultural production and experience that blurs distinctions of official and unofficial culture and their easy association with political power and resistance, respectively. As a member of the Picun Literature Group who expertly navigates this space, Xiao Hai has become a representative of the Picun “brand,” building a mediagenic public persona in the process. Who is Xiao Hai? What does his writing say? What other actors and factors shape his persona? What can we learn from all this about the nexus of precarious labor and cultural production? The stories of Picun, Xiao Hai, and migrant worker literature subvert simple oppositions of grassroots versus state discourse and unofficial versus official culture. Instead, they foreground the complexity of relations between the individual, community, and the state in China today.
The Worker-Poet as the Ethnographic Partner: Documenting the Emotional Pain of Rural Migrant Women
Authors: Sun Wanning
Published: May 2023

Many migrant workers in China are widely reported to experience difficulty in finding a conjugal partner or maintaining conjugal intimacy. Despite this widely shared perception, firsthand data about the love lives of migrant workers are hard to access. Yet, to have such knowledge is important, since these domains, though intimate and private, are crucial sites of socioeconomic exchange. In light of such challenges, how can ethnographers “get at” the emotional experiences of rural migrants outside standard frameworks? This article engages with this question through the intimate lives of one hundred women factory workers in China's Pearl River delta. Their experiences are documented—in poetic form—in Stories of Migrant Women written by China's best known rural migrant poet Zhang Xiaoqiong. The article approaches Zheng the poet as a de facto social science researcher, whose accounts of migrant women present myriad counter points to the government, media and cultural elites, and scholars. It also reads her poems about as ethnographic material, which, the article demonstrates, enriches, expands, and in some cases challenges scholarly research. Situated in a China-specific social and political context, the article's discussion goes beyond the call for a “literary turn” in anthropology. Instead, it argues that for scholars who are serious about understanding the emotional cost of social inequality in China, seeking partnership with China's subaltern writers is not just desirable; it is essential.
Nanoporous Carbon Materials from Terminalia bellirica Seed for Iodine and Methylene Blue Adsorption and High-Performance Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Gnawali Chhabi Lal , Manandhar Sarita , Shahi Sabina , Shrestha Rekha Goswami , Adhikari Mandira Pradhananga , Rajbhandari Rinita , Pokharel Bhadra P , Ma Renzhi , Ariga Katsuhiko , Shrestha Lok Kumar
Published: May 2023

Here we report the methylene blue adsorption and energy storage supercapacitance performances of the nanoporous activated carbons obtained by the zinc chloride (ZnCl2) activation of biowaste, Terminalia bellirica (Barro) seed stone. The activation was performed at lower temperatures (400–700 °C) under an inert nitrogen gas atmosphere. The total specific surface area and pore volume range from 1077 to 1303 m2 g−1 and 0.752 to 0.873 cm3 g−1, depending on the carbonization temperature. Due to the well-developed porosity, the sample with optimal surface area showed excellent iodine and methylene blue adsorption properties with a maximum iodine number and methylene blue value of 909.8 mg g−1 and 357.2 mg g−1, respectively. Batch adsorption studies revealed that the optimum methylene blue adsorption is favorable in an alkaline medium, with a contact time of 270 min and an adsorbent dose of 8 g L−1, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm model could best explain the equilibrium adsorption with a monolayer adsorption capacity of 312.5 mg g−1. The electrochemical measurements performed in a three-electrode system revealed a high specific capacitance of 319 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, the electrode retained 46% capacitance at 50 A g−1 with an excellent cycle life of 98.5% after 10,000 consecutive charging/discharging cycles. These results imply that a biowaste Terminalia bellirica seed has a considerable potential to produce high surface area porous carbons materials desired in adsorption technology and high-performance supercapacitor applications.
Numerical methods for equations of internal waves
Authors: Σαριδάκη Λήδα
Published: May 2023

Στη διδακτορική μου διατριβή ασχολούμαι με την μοντελοποίηση, τη μαθηματική ανάλυση και την αριθμητική επίλυση συστημάτων μη γραμμικών ΜΔΕ που περιγράφουν εσωτερικά κύματα βαρύτητας. Τα εσωτερικά κύματα εμφανίζονται στη διεπιφάνεια δύο στρωμάτων ρευστών με διαφορετικές πυκνότητες και βάθη. Μας ενδιαφέρει η συνάρτηση μετατόπισης της διεπιφάνειας των δύο στρωμάτων από τη θέση ισορροπίας τους, καθώς και οι ταχύτητες στα δύο στρώματα του ρευστού. Το πρόβλημα παρουσιάζει μεγάλο ενδιαφέρον στην ωκεανογραφία. Ιδιαίτερα ενδιαφέρει η μοντελοποίηση και η περιγραφή της κίνησης μοναχικών κυμάτων μεγάλου μήκους και πλάτους που δημιουργούνται στις διεπιφάνειες. Αν υποθέσουμε ότι έχουμε ένα ιδεώδες ρευστό (ασυμπίεστο, αστρόβιλο, χωρίς ιξώδες), το πρόβλημα των εσωτερικών κυμάτων περιγράφεται από τις εξισώσεις του Euler ξεχωριστά στα δύο στρώματα με κατάλληλες συνθήκες διεπιφάνειας, συνοριακές συνθήκες στο άνω πέρας του άνω στρώματος και στο κάτω πέρας (συνήθως πυθμένας) του κάτω στρώματος, καθώς και αρχικές συνθήκες για τις μεταβλητές (ταχύτητα του ρευστού και μετατόπιση διεπιφάνειας). Οι εξισώσεις αυτές είναι εξαιρετικά πολύπλοκες και, συνεπώς, δύσκολο να επιλυθούν ώστε να μελετηθούν τα φαινόμενα κίνησης των ρευστών που μας ενδιαφέρουν. Για το λόγο αυτό, έχουν κατασκευασθεί απλούστερα ασυμπτωτικά μοντέλα που είναι καλές προσεγγίσεις των εξισώσεων του Euler για κατάλληλες περιοχές των φυσικών παραμέτρων της ροής. Αφού γίνει μία συστηματική εξαγωγή και περιγραφή ασυμπτωτικών μοντέλων σε δύο χωρικές διαστάσεις, μελετάμε την σύγκλιση της φασματικής μεθόδου Fourier-Galerkin στην χωρική διακριτοποίηση του περιοδικού προβλήματος αρχικών τιμών των ασυμπτωτικών συστημάτων σε μία διάσταση. Αποδεικνύουμε L^2 εκτιμήσεις σφάλματος για τις ακόλουθες ημιδιακριτές προσεγγίσεις : i) Συστήματα Boussinesq-Boussinesq ii) Συστήματα Boussinesq-Boussinesq/πλήρως διασπειρόμενα iii)Συστήματα της μορφής Intemediate Wave Problem iv) Συστήματα τύπου Benjamin-Ono (BO).
Αποτύπωμα άνθρακα σε μεγάλες εγκαταστάσεις υγείας
Authors: Μποζούδης Βασίλειος
Published: May 2023

Η κλιματική αλλαγή αποτελεί μια μεγάλη πρόκληση για το μέλλον της ανθρωπότητας και μια απειλή για την υγεία των ανθρώπων και την ποιότητα ζωής τους, που θα έχει σημαντικό αντίκτυπο σε όλες τις οικονομικές δραστηριότητες και τις αλυσίδες τροφοδοσίας στο εμπόριο, τον τουρισμό, τη γεωργία, τη δασοκομία, την αλιεία, κτλ. Ο περιβαλλοντικός αντίκτυπος της νοσοκομειακής περίθαλψης, η οποία παράγει σημαντικές ποσότητες αερίων του θερμοκηπίου [«greenhouse gases (GHG)»], πρέπει να εξεταστεί και να αναλυθεί με λεπτομέρεια, έτσι ώστε να σχεδιαστούν και να εφαρμοστούν αποτελεσματικά μέτρα μείωσής τους.Ο υπολογισμός του αποτυπώματος άνθρακα που εκλύεται από τη χρήση των οχημάτων και λοιπών μέσων μετακίνησης/μεταφοράς προσωπικού, ασθενών, επισκεπτών, προμηθευτών και λοιπών δραστηριοτήτων των νοσοκομείων, σε συνδυασμό με την ενέργεια που απαιτείται για τη λειτουργία των νοσοκομείων, περιλαμβάνει το φωτισμό, τη θέρμανση, το μαγείρεμα, τη διαχείριση αποβλήτων και άλλες λειτουργίες που αφορούν την καθημερινή λειτουργία του κάθε νοσοκομείου (συγκεκριμένα, της «εσωτερικής λειτουργίας»), αποτελούν δύο κομβικά σημεία μελέτης, υπολογισμών και αναφοράς, για την ανάπτυξη ενός ολοκληρωμένου σχεδίου δράσης για την εκτίμηση και, στη συνέχεια, μείωση των εκπομπών GHG στον κλάδο της νοσοκομειακής υγείας γενικότερα, της νοσοκομειακής περίθαλψης στην Ελλάδα ειδικότερα και των νοσηλευτικών ιδρυμάτων του Ελληνικού Στρατού στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή.Αναπτύσσεται και προτείνεται μια μεθοδολογία υπολογισμού και εξοικονόμησης ενέργειας και μείωσης των εκπομπών GHG, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη το κόστος της εν λόγω μείωσής τους σε σχέση με την ποσότητα GHG που εξοικονομείται ανά πηγή εκπομπής τους. Η μεγαλύτερη μείωση εκπομπών GHG, αναμένεται να πραγματοποιηθεί από την απολιγνιτοποίηση του τομέα της ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας στην Ελλάδα, εξαιτίας της σταδιακής κατάργησης του λιγνίτη και της αυξανόμενης χρήσης των καυσίμων χαμηλών εκπομπών άνθρακα και των ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας (ΑΠΕ). Σημαντικές μειώσεις εκπομπών θα μπορούσαν να επιτευχθούν επίσης, με την παροχή της τηλεϊατρικής περίθαλψης από το σύνολο σχεδόν του ιατρικού προσωπικού του νοσοκομείου, με την ευρύτερη χρήση των υπαρχουσών τεχνολογιών πληροφορικής/επικοινωνιών.Επιπλέον, προτείνονται: α.Ένας αριθμός βασικών δεικτών απόδοσης [ΒΔΑ, «key performance indicators (KPI)»], ως απλοί και εύκολα μετρήσιμοι δείκτες (metrics) της λειτουργίας του νοσοκομείου, ως προς το στόχο μείωσης των GHG. β.Συγκεκριμένοι ΒΔΑ για κάθε προτεινόμενη δράση μείωσης, όπως επίσης και ένας γενικός ΒΔΑ, ο οποίος καλύπτει όλες τις ενέργειες μείωσης και τις πηγές εκπομπών «t CO2eq ανά ασθενή» ή/και «t CO2eq ανά ημέρα περίθαλψης».Τέλος, παρέχεται στο αρμόδιο προσωπικό του νοσοκομείου, ένα απλό υπολογιστικό εργαλείο σε μορφή Excel (αρχικά), για την καταγραφή δεδομένων υπολογισμού του ανθρακικού αποτυπώματος του 401 ΓΣΝΑ, το οποίο θα συνδράμει στη λήψη αποφάσεων από τη διοίκηση για τον περιορισμό των εκπομπών αερίων του θερμοκηπίου.
Η επίδραση του επιπέδου της τοξικότητας της ηγεσίας στην οργανωσιακή αποδοτικότητα των ελληνικών επιχειρήσεων
Authors: Γκέγκας Αθανάσιος
Published: May 2023

Η λειτουργία κάθε οργανισμού επηρεάζεται, από τη σχέση των παραγόντων διαμόρφωσης του εξωτερικού περιβάλλοντος (ρευστότητα) και των οργανωσιακών μεταβλητών (δομικά στοιχεία) του εσωτερικού περιβάλλοντος δημιουργώντας έτσι το οικοσύστημα λειτουργίας του οργανισμού. Μέσα σε αυτό το οικοσύστημα βρίσκεται η ηγεσία, η οποία αποτελεί την οργανωσιακή μεταβλητή με την μεγαλύτερη επίδραση στη διασύνδεση εξωτερικών επιδράσεων και οργανωσιακών μεταβλητών και κατά συνέπεια συνδέεται άρρηκτα, τόσο με τη λειτουργία όσο και με τα αποτελέσματα των οργανισμών. Αυτό καθιστά βέβαια, την ηγεσία, τόσο μία θετική επιδραστική δύναμη, όσο και μία πηγή κινδύνου για τους οργανισμούς. Η αποτελεσματικότητα της ηγεσίας είναι μία πολύ-παραγοντική έννοια, η οποία όμως μπορεί να αποσυντεθεί σε δυο κύρια δομικά στοιχεία:•Στη λειτουργία του ίδιου του ηγέτη (αποφάσεις-πράξεις-συμπεριφορές) •Στην αποδοτικότητα του ηγέτη (δηλαδή στον βαθμό μετασχηματισμού των λοιπών οργανωσιακών μεταβλητών, που πραγματοποιείται από τον ηγέτη, ώστε να επιτευχθούν τα επιθυμητά οργανωσιακά αποτελέσματα) Όμως η ηγεσία, ως οργανωσιακή μεταβλητή, δεν θα μπορούσε να μην έχει και μία δεύτερη όψη, με αντίθετα χαρακτηριστικά από αυτά που συνήθως προβάλλονται και έχουν αναλυθεί διεξοδικά από τις διάφορες προσεγγίσεις και έρευνες για την ηγεσία. Πρόκειται στην ουσία για εκείνη την όψη της ηγεσίας, η οποία οδηγεί στην αναποτελεσματικότητα αυτής και ταυτόχρονα επιβεβαιώνει τη φύση της δυναμικής της, που είναι είτε θετική, είτε αρνητική, αναφορικά με τα οργανωσιακά αποτελέσματα. Στη βάση αυτού του ερωτήματος, διεξήχθη η έρευνα πεδίου με χρήση δομημένου ερωτηματολογίου και τελική επιδίωξη να προσδιορίσει, αν η αντίληψη των μελών της ομάδας για την τοξικότητα της λειτουργίας του ηγέτη επηρεάζει και πως την αντίληψη των μελών και για την ηγετική αποδοτικότητα. Από την ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων της έρευνας πεδίου, συνάγεται το βασικό συμπέρασμα, ότι η αντίληψη των μελών μίας ομάδας για την ηγετική λειτουργία καθορίζει πράγματι και την αντίληψή τους για την ηγετική αποδοτικότητα.
SPECIFIC USE OF A SPORTS METAPHOR AS MEANS OF SPEECH EXPRESSIVENESS
Authors: Ratueva Olga N. , Lazutkina Elena V. , Efremova Elena P.
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the particularity of the use of a sports metaphor in different spheres of human activity. The role of a sports metaphor as an effective means of speech expressiveness is considered, examples of its implementation in English are given.

Purpose of the study. The present study is devoted to the particularity of the use of a sports metaphor in different spheres of human activity based on the material of the English language.

Materials and methods. In the study the methods of conceptual and contextual analysis, descriptive method, partial sampling techniques were used.

Results. The article presents the results of the analysis of the concept of “metaphor”, provides examples of the use of sports metaphors taken from different sports in the English-language media, business and politics.

Practical implications. The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that the obtained results can be used in classes of the discipline “Foreign Language” (English), when writing term papers and final qualifying papers.
GENRE SPECIFICS OF THE TEXT OF THE BROCHURE ON EATING DISORDERS
Authors: Shitikova Olga V. , Elagina Yulia S.
Published: May 2023

This article is devoted to the brochure text analysis of genre specifics in the semantic field “Psychology”. Based on the English-language text of the brochure “Eating disorders: a guide for friends and family”, the authors consider the genre structure of the information brochure, characterize genres and their internal organization, and identify key characteristics.

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to determine the genre specifics of the brochure by identifying the key features of the questionnaire of the speech genre, which includes the characteristics of the addressee, the addresser and the communicative goal.

Materials and methods. The material for this work is the English-language text of the brochure “Eating disorders: a guide for friends and family”, written by one of the UK’s leading charitable organization supporting people suffering from eating disorders.

In the course of the work, the method of theoretical analysis of sources, the method of comparative analysis, as well as the method of component analysis were used.

Results. This study showed the brochure belongs to the informational type, contains information about the disease, as well as reference data and social advertising. It belongs to a complex speech genre, including a set of simple speech genres (message, appeal, recommendation). The brochure has a monologue character. The analysis of linguistic means showed the predominance of sentences in the imperative mood and impersonal verb forms, emotional and evaluative vocabulary. The communicative purpose of the studied information brochure is aimed at giving the addressee an idea of the types of eating disorders, as well as encouraging the addressee to seek help. The author in the information brochure is a collective subject, the addressee of the brochure text is a mass one.
Entre la normatividad y el pragmatismo: las relaciones de Europa e India/Between normativity and pragmatism: the relationship between Europe and India
Authors: Ballesteros Peiró Ana
Published: May 2023

La Unión Europea (UE) e India han manifestado un creciente interés en profundizar sus relaciones más allá del plano económico. Si bien Europa supone un importante socio comercial para India, existe la duda sobre la capacidad de que sea un actor político y de seguridad relevante, tanto en el Indo-Pacífico como a escala global. Para la UE, el crecimiento de India lo convierte en un socio atractivo, pero se debate entre sus prioridades más cercanas, las divergencias de sus miembros y la percepción de reticencia india. Ambos socios estratégicos comparten características e intereses que, en lugar de acercarles más, les mantienen relativamente inertes. A través de un recorrido de las relaciones y sus ámbitos, este artículo plantea cuestiones relativas a los papeles de estos dos actores, tanto actuales como potenciales, y los puntos de convergencia y divergencia de intereses.
Atenção conjunta e transversalidade no toque do maracatu de baque virado
Authors: Avillez Mariana , Kastrup Virgínia
Published: May 2023

O maracatu de baque virado é uma manifestação cultural afro-indígena brasileira que tem sido estudada pela musicologia e pelas ciências humanas e sociais. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar algumas práticas de atenção produzidas nos cortejos de maracatu e sua relação com a construção de um comum no espaço público. As relações atencionais são analisadas em uma rede heterogênea composta pelo batuque, a dança, os instrumentos e o entorno. Tomamos como referência a abordagem da ecologia da atenção de Citton, bem como as ideias de Guattari e Simondon. Utilizando a cartografia como método de pesquisa-intervenção, destacamos uma qualidade de atenção conjunta a qual denominamos “pressão”, dedicada ao manejo metaestável de “sustentação do baque”, responsável por “não o deixar arriar” e por “fazer vadiar com gosto”. Concluímos sugerindo que os cortejos de maracatu de baque virado nas ruas podem suscitar uma ecologia de práticas promotoras de saúde no espaço público.
Os saberes psicológicos e o cinema: uma arqueologia iminente
Authors: Barbosa Maicon , Baptista Luis Antonio dos Santos
Published: May 2023

A relação entre os saberes psicológicos e as imagens em movimento inicia-se na passagem do século XIX para o século XX, e a psicologia é considerada a primeira das ciências humanas a voltar-se para a arte cinematográfica. Esse artigo visa pensar alguns efeitos da aproximação dos saberes psicológicos em direção ao cinema, e interroga-se sobre como esses saberes inventaram uma dizibilidade sobre as imagens em movimento que interferiu no modo como as produções cinematográficas são apreendidas e usadas, sobretudo nas práticas de pesquisa e de ensino desdobradas pela psicologia. A partir de uma perspectiva arqueológica proposta por Michel Foucault, o texto analisa a constituição histórica de produções teóricas dos saberes psicológicos em relação ao cinema. Por meio dessa escrita de inspiração arqueológica, o artigo problematiza a apropriação do cinema para exemplificação de teorias psicológicas e interroga a utilização psicologizante e pedagogizante das imagens em movimento em práticas da psicologia.
Representações sociais de adolescentes em conflito com a lei: uma análise da opinião pública em redes sociais
Authors: Santana Emiliane Silva , Libório Iara Souza , Oliveira Iago Marafina de
Published: May 2023

Apesar do avanço nas leis que salvaguardam as garantias fundamentais das crianças e adolescentes, seus direitos ainda são violados cotidianamente no Brasil. A mídia, por sua vez, tem um papel importante na disseminação de informações que legitimam e naturalizam o tratamento ofertado pelo Estado a essa população. Este trabalho analisa como as representações sociais de adolescentes em conflito com a lei nos meios midiáticos online conformam valores que influenciam na opinião pública. A pesquisa possui caráter qualitativo e foi realizada a partir de investigação documental, na qual foram analisados materiais bibliográficos e comentários de matérias jornalísticas no Facebook. Observa-se a prevalência de discursos estigmatizantes que reforçam a marginalização dos adolescentes em conflito com a lei e a insatisfação em relação à segurança pública, principalmente no que se refere ao cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas previstas no ECA.
Como criar um método de pesquisa: Piaget de Neuchâtel à Paris de 1920
Authors: Ribeiro André Elias Morelli
Published: May 2023

O início da criação do método clínico de Piaget é contada a partir de uma narrativa que cobre sua vida desde a infância até outubro de 1920, dividida em três partes. A primeira é o encontro com a filosofia no lago de Annecy, na França; a segunda é o encontro com a lógica e a matemática em Neuchâtel; a terceira é o contato com o modelo francês de psiquiatria e avaliação psicológica em Paris. No primeiro encontro, Piaget insere-se nos posicionamentos filosóficos que desenvolve no segundo encontro, cujas soluções experimentais busca no seu terceiro encontro. Defende-se que o trabalho de normatização e adaptação do teste de Burt para crianças parisienses que Piaget empreendeu a partir de janeiro de 1920 até meados de 1921 teve um papel fundamental para que encontrasse um método de pesquisa apto a permitir a investigação dos problemas de cunho epistemológico com que havia se deparado ainda em Neuchâtel.