bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estado del arte de las propiedades nutricionales y funcionales de Ganoderma Lucidum
Authors: Delgado Maldonado Sara Abigail , Ortiz Tobar Diana Paola
Published: August 2022

El consumo de hongos comestibles es una actividad milenaria que actualmente, gracias a los estudios realizados sobre ellos, es una acción común debido a la gran cantidad de beneficios que proporcionan al consumirlos. En los últimos tiempos se presenta una tendencia a elegir una alimentación alternativa con mayores beneficios para la salud, en la cual se busca incrementar el consumo de alimentos funcionales; es por esto que el objetivo de la presente revisión fue esclarecer y recopilar las investigaciones existentes sobre uno de los hongos que se encuentra en mayor consumo en el planeta, el Ganoderma lucidum, también conocido como hongo Reishi, y llegar a una conclusión acerca de los beneficios de este alimento. Para poder realizar la investigación se buscaron artículos existentes en la red que tengan como tema principal al hongo en cuestión y se encontraron alrededor de 100 artículos, de los cuales 80 se seleccionaron debido a que cumplían con los criterios de selección establecidos para el desarrollo de la investigación. De esta manera se logró conocer la composición nutricional del hongo Reishi y los beneficios que este alimento funcional tiene en el organismo, su forma de actuar frente a distintas enfermedades como obesidad, cáncer, entre otras, y los beneficios nutricionales que otorga su extracto al agregarlo a distintos alimentos como productos cárnicos, yogurt, zumo de naranja, entre otros.
Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on head of household residents in a marginal population of North Lima
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima, Perú, et al. Matta-Solis
Published: August 2022

The objective of this research is to determine the psychological impact of the coronavirus pandemic on heads of families residing in a marginal population of North Lima. It is a quantitative study, with a descriptive-cross-sectional and correlational design, with a population of 360 heads of household residents in 4 human settlements in North Lima, where two instruments were used to find the psychological impact and fear regarding COVID-19. In the results, the normality of the distribution of the results of the variables and their dimensions was determined through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test. The results identified that the results of the variables and their components have a non-normal distribution (p<0.05), therefore, non-parametric tests will be used to find relationships between them or with the characteristics of the sample, also it indicates that the female sex shows a close correlation in both applied instruments. In conclusion, strategies for the promotion and prevention of mental health should be sought, so that the population can have the necessary knowledge to develop strategies to protect their mental health.
Accounting systems, performance, and market orientation in Saudi Arabia SMEs
Authors:   Marketing Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia, et al. Zouaoui
Published: August 2022

The main purpose of this paper is to test the impact of Market Orientations (MO) on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Saudi Arabia. More specifically, first, we examine the relationship between MO and Management Accounting Systems (MAS) use. The use of MAS is known to affect performance. Second, we study the role of Accountants’ Participation in Strategic decision-making (ACCPS) applied in the relation between MO and MAS use. The data was collected via an electronic questionnaire distributed among a sample of managers operating in Saudi Arabia SMEs. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling with data collected from 251 randomly selected SMEs. The results reveal that the MAS mediates the effect of market orientation on ﬁrm performance. They also indicate that the interaction among Market Orientations (MO) and Management Accounting Systems (MAS) use is increased by raising the Accountants' Participation in Strategic decision-making (ACCPS), which confirms a positive effect of the moderating variable. The implication of this research is to help Saudi companies achieve higher performance from MO (marketing variable) through the usage of accounting business processes (accounting variables).
Newborn Screening for Classic Galactosemia: Biochemical Testings, Challenges, and Future
Authors:   Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, Hong Xinying , He Miao ,   Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Published: August 2022

Galactosemia is a group of hereditary disorders of galactose metabolism. Newborn screening for galactosemia type I is mandatory in all states in the US since timely intervention can prevent life-threatening sequela. The biochemical basis, clinical presentation, and potential treatment options for different types of galactosemia are described. This review has a focus on the screening methodologies, including the principle of the assay, the transition from the initial bacteria inhibition test to the modern fluorometry test, and their respective advantages and disadvantages especially regarding specificity and sensitivity. Diagnosis can be confirmed by biochemical and/or molecular testing. Although newborn screening for classic galactosemia is highly successful, the high false-positive rate and long-term complications in treated galactosemia patients continue to pose some challenges. We are proposing a newborn screening follow-up testing algorithm to assist screening and differentiating four different forms of galactosemia including the most recently described galactosemia type IV. In the near future, we predict that liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry may become a new platform for galactosemia screening, due to its multiplexing capability. In-depth parallel sequencing may be integrated in newborn screening algorithm to confirm diagnoses and further reduce false-positive rate.
Addressing Medicine’s Dark Matter
Authors: Rose Christian , Díaz Mark , Díaz Tomás
Published: July 2022

In the 20th century, the models used to predict the motion of heavenly bodies did not match observation. Investigating this incongruity led to the discovery of dark matter—the most abundant substance in the universe. In medicine, despite years of using a data-hungry approach, our models have been limited in their ability to predict population health outcomes—that is, our observations also do not meet our expectations. We believe this phenomenon represents medicine’s “dark matter”— the features with have a tremendous effect on clinical outcomes that we cannot directly observe yet. Advancing the information science of health care systems will thus require unique solutions and a humble approach that acknowledges its limitations. Dark matter changed the way the scientific community understood the universe; what might medicine learn from what it cannot yet see?
Utilizing Real-time Technology to Assess the Impact of Home Environmental Exposures on Asthma Symptoms: Protocol for an Observational Pilot Study
Authors: Nyenhuis Sharmilee , Cramer Emily , Grande Matthew , Huntington-Moskos Luz , Krueger Kathryn , Bimbi Olivia , Polivka Barbara , Eldeirawi Kamal
Published: August 2022

Background

It is estimated that over 60% of adults with asthma have uncontrolled symptoms, representing a substantial health and economic impact. The effects of the home environment and exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on adults with asthma remain unknown. In addition, methods currently used to assess the home environment do not capture real-time data on potentially modifiable environmental exposures or their effect on asthma symptoms.

Objective

The aims of this study are to (1) determine the feasibility and usability of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to assess self-report residential environmental exposures and asthma symptoms, home monitoring of objective environmental exposures (total VOCs and PM2.5), and lung function in terms of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%); (2) assess the frequency and level of residential environmental exposures (eg, disinfectants/cleaners, secondhand smoke) via self-reported data and home monitoring objective measures; (3) assess the level of asthma control as indicated by self-reported asthma symptoms and lung function; and (4) explore associations of self-reported and objective measures of residential environmental exposures with self-reported and objective measures of asthma control.

Methods

We will recruit 50 adults with asthma who have completed our online Global COVID-19 Asthma Study, indicated willingness to be contacted for future studies, reported high use of disinfectant/cleaning products, and have asthma that is not well controlled. Participants will receive an indoor air quality monitor and a home spirometer to measure VOCs, PM2.5, and FEV1%, respectively. EMA data will be collected using a personal smartphone and EMA software platform. Participants will be sent scheduled and random EMA notifications to assess asthma symptoms, environmental exposures, lung function, and mitigation strategies. After the 14-day data collection period, participants will respond to survey items related to acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility.

Results

This study was funded in March 2021. We pilot tested our procedures and began recruitment in April 2022. The anticipated completion of the study is 2023.

Conclusions

Findings from this feasibility study will support a powered study to address the impact of home environmental exposures on asthma symptoms and develop tailored, home-based asthma interventions that are responsive to the changing home environment and home routines.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05224076; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05224076

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/39887
Attitudes of Physicians and Individuals Toward Digital Mental Health Tools: Protocol for a Web-Based Survey Research Project (Preprint)
Authors: Nogueira-Leite Diogo , Cruz-Correia Ricardo
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital transformation is impacting health care delivery. Great market dynamism is bringing opportunities and concerns alike into public discussion. Digital health apps are a vibrant segment where regulation is emerging, with Germany paving the way with its DiGA (Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen, in German, meaning digital health apps) program. Simultaneously, mental ill-health constitutes a global health concern, and prevalence is expected to worsen due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its containment measures. Portugal and its National Health System may be a useful testbed for digital health interventions.

OBJECTIVE

The paper outlines the protocol for a research project on the attitudes of physicians and potential users toward digital mental health apps to improve access to care, patient outcomes, and reduce the burden of disease of mental ill-health.

METHODS

Web surveys will be conducted to acquire data from the main stakeholders (physicians and the academic community). Data analysis will replicate the statistical analysis performed in the studies from Dahlhausen and Borghouts to derive conclusions regarding the relative acceptance and likelihood of successful implementation of digital mental health apps in Portugal.

RESULTS

The findings of the proposed studies will elicit important information on how physicians and individuals perceive digital mental health app interventions to improve access to care, patient outcomes, and reduce the burden of disease of mental ill-health. Data collection ran between September 26 and November 6, 2022, for the first study and September 20 and October 20, 2022, for the second study. We obtained 160 responses to the first study’s survey and 539 answers to the second study’s survey. Data analysis is concluded, and both studies’ results are expected to be published in 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of the studies projected in this research protocol will have implications for researchers and academia, industry, and policy makers concerning the adoption and implementation of digital health mental apps and associated interventions.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/41040
Progressive trends in prenatal genetic screening (Preprint)
Authors: Eskandar Kirolos
Published: August 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

According to the global report on birth defects in 2021, it is estimated that 8 million children are born with birth defects of genetic origin annually. These birth defects vary in their degree of severity; where some types are mild and don’t require treatment but others may necessitate lifelong medications or even cause instant death just after birth. That is why prenatal screening is doubtless necessary to detect such genetic defects before birth aiming to drop the tragedy of these children off. Recently, this approach has been developing towards non-invasive techniques that reduce the risk of miscarriage which was common in the old-fashioned invasive ones. Non-invasive Prenatal Tests (NIPTs) like Chromosomal Microarray Analysis (CMA) and cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) caused a breakthrough in the screening methods of chromosomal aneuploidies. Thanks to their benefits, NIPTs are considered a fundamental clinical approach for pregnant women’ screening in multiple countries. Thence, this paper gives prominence to the recentness of NIPTs along with each’s assets, liabilities, and prospective recommendations. In addition, it would demonstrate the importance of modern molecular technologies like next-generation sequencing (NGS) which are enforced for the appliance of NIPTs.
Predicting Participation Willingness in Ecological Momentary Assessment of General Population Health and Behavior: Machine Learning Study (Preprint)
Authors: Murray Aja , Ushakova Anastasia , Zhu Xinxin , Yang Yi , Xiao Zhuoni , Brown Ruth , Speyer Lydia , Ribeaud Denis , Eisner Manuel
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is widely used in health research to capture individuals’ experiences in the flow of daily life. The majority of EMA studies, however, rely on nonprobability sampling approaches, leaving open the possibility of nonrandom participation concerning the individual characteristics of interest in EMA research. Knowledge of the factors that predict participation in EMA research is required to evaluate this possibility and can also inform optimal recruitment strategies.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the extent to which being willing to participate in EMA research is related to respondent characteristics and to identify the most critical predictors of participation.

METHODS

We leveraged the availability of comprehensive data on a general young adult population pool of potential EMA participants and used and compared logistic regression, classification and regression trees, and random forest approaches to evaluate respondents’ characteristic predictors of willingness to participate in the Decades-to-Minutes EMA study.

RESULTS

In unadjusted logistic regression models, gender, migration background, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms, stress, and prosociality were significant predictors of participation willingness; in logistic regression models, mutually adjusting for all predictors, migration background, tobacco use, and social exclusion were significant predictors. Tree-based approaches also identified migration status, tobacco use, and prosociality as prominent predictors. However, overall, willingness to participate in the Decades-to-Minutes EMA study was only weakly predictable from respondent characteristics. Cross-validation areas under the curve for the best models were only in the range of 0.56 to 0.57.

CONCLUSIONS

Results suggest that migration background is the single most promising target for improving EMA participation and sample representativeness; however, more research is needed to improve prediction of participation in EMA studies in health.
Just-In-Time Adaptive Intervention to Sit Less and Move More in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Microrandomized Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Daryabeygi-Khotbehsara Reza , Dunstan David W , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Zhang Yuxin , Abdelrazek Mohamed , Maddison Ralph
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Reducing sedentary behavior and increasing physical activity in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with various positive health benefits. Just-in-time adaptive interventions offer the potential to target both of these behaviors through more contextually aware, tailored, and personalized support. We have developed a just-in-time adaptive intervention to promote sitting less and moving more in people with T2D.

OBJECTIVE

This paper presents the study protocol for a microrandomized trial to investigate whether motivational messages are effective in reducing time spent sitting in people with T2D and to determine what behavior change techniques are effective and in which context (eg, location, etc).

METHODS

We will use a 6-week microrandomized trial design. A total of 22 adults with T2D will be recruited. The intervention aims to reduce sitting time and increase time spent standing and walking and comprises a mobile app (iMove), a bespoke activity sensor called Sedentary Behavior Detector (SORD), a messaging system, and a secured database. Depending on the randomization sequence, participants will potentially receive motivational messages 5 times a day.

RESULTS

Recruitment was initiated in October 2022. As of now, 6 participants (2 female and 4 male) have consented and enrolled in the study. Their baseline measurements have been completed, and they have started using iMove. The mean age of 6 participants is 56.8 years, and they were diagnosed with T2D for 9.4 years on average.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will inform the optimization of digital behavior change interventions to support people with T2D Sit Less and Move More to increase daily physical activity. This study will generate new evidence about the immediate effectiveness of sedentary behavior interventions, their active ingredients, and associated factors.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12622000426785; https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=383664

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/41502
Calibrating a Transformer-Based Model’s Confidence on Community-Engaged Research Studies: Decision Support Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ferrell Brian , Raskin Sarah E , Zimmerman Emily B
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Deep learning offers great benefits in classification tasks such as medical imaging diagnostics or stock trading, especially when compared with human-level performances, and can be a viable option for classifying distinct levels within community-engaged research (CEnR). CEnR is a collaborative approach between academics and community partners with the aim of conducting research that is relevant to community needs while incorporating diverse forms of expertise. In the field of deep learning and artificial intelligence (AI), training multiple models to obtain the highest validation accuracy is common practice; however, it can overfit toward that specific data set and not generalize well to a real-world population, which creates issues of bias and potentially dangerous algorithmic decisions. Consequently, if we plan on automating human decision-making, there is a need for creating techniques and exhaustive evaluative processes for these powerful unexplainable models to ensure that we do not incorporate and blindly trust poor AI models to make real-world decisions.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to conduct an evaluation study to see whether our most accurate transformer-based models derived from previous studies could emulate our own classification spectrum for tracking CEnR studies as well as whether the use of calibrated confidence scores was meaningful.

METHODS

We compared the results from 3 domain experts, who classified a sample of 45 studies derived from our university’s institutional review board database, with those from 3 previously trained transformer-based models, as well as investigated whether calibrated confidence scores can be a viable technique for using AI in a support role for complex decision-making systems.

RESULTS

Our findings reveal that certain models exhibit an overestimation of their performance through high confidence scores, despite not achieving the highest validation accuracy.

CONCLUSIONS

Future studies should be conducted with larger sample sizes to generalize the results more effectively. Although our study addresses the concerns of bias and overfitting in deep learning models, there is a need to further explore methods that allow domain experts to trust our models more. The use of a calibrated confidence score can be a misleading metric when determining our AI model’s level of competency.
Harmonisasi Antar Etnis dan Implikasinya terhadap Ketahanan Wilayah di Kalimantan Barat Pada Era Society 5.0
Authors: Nuryadi Muhammad Hendri , Widiatmaka Pipit
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT This study aimed to found out the challenges of ethnic diversity in West Kalimantan in the era of society 5.0; found out strategies for implementing tolerance values in the era of society 5 in West Kalimantan; and  found out the implications of regional resilience in West Kalimantan.This study used a qualitative approach and used a descriptive method. The data collection techniques used were in-depth interviews and random sampling techniques, and) literature review (journal articles, proceedings articles, online news accessed on the internet, magazines and books). The data analysis technique in this study had several stages, namely  collecting data,  condensing data,  presenting data, and  conclusion.The results of the study showed that the era of society 5.0 was a challenge for ethnic diversity in West Kalimantan, due to the rapid flow of information (hoax) that developed on social media. The response was to implemented the values of tolerance in the life of the nation and state (both in the real and virtual worlds). People in West Kalimantan must be able to realized that it was very important to established a harmonious life for the sake of unity and integrity. The attitudes that must be applied were  working together and not looking at differences, realizing that everyone had the same rights,  respecting and respecting each other, and  accepting other people's opinions, even though they had different opinions. This had implications for strong regional resilience in West Kalimantan, because it affected the existence of ideology, political stability, economic growth, harmonious socio-cultural life, good defense and security.
Pendidikan Pencegahan Dan Pengurangan Risiko Bencana (PRB) Sebagai Strategi Ketahanan Sekolah Dasar Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana
Authors: Septikasari Zela , Retnowati Heri , Wilujeng Insih
Published: August 2022

Abstract The aims of this study are to identify (1) the implementation of primary school DRR education in Indonesia, (2) strategies that can be implemented in integrating primary school DRR, and (3) the proposed framework for primary school resilience in disaster management.  The method used in this research was Systematic Literature Review (SLR).  The results showed that the implementation of DRR education in Elementary Schools in Indonesia was carried out through the integration of DRR materials into the curriculum, the integration of DRR materials into local content, and the integration of DRR materials into self-development.  Strategies that can be implemented in integrating primary school DRR education include integration through an online platform created by the Ministry of Education and Culture, involving multi-stakeholders in disaster management in schools, implementing schools independently, integration through scout extracurriculars, through the civil servant pre-service system, and  through local regulatory policies. The proposed framework for primary school resilience in disaster management include: (1) School disaster risk assessment and planning for the integration of DRR Education, (2) Teacher and staff training related to the integration of DRR Education, (3) Implementation of DRR Integration in accordance with school characteristics and taking into account the sustainability of integration, (4) Evaluation of the implementation of DRR Education Integration, and (5) DRR Integration Innovation.
CLINICAL STAGE STUDENTS’ READINESS AND PERCEPTION TOWARDS SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING
Authors: Widyawati Syska , Budiningsih Setyawati , Jusuf Anwar
Published: August 2022

Background: Self-directed learning (SDL) as part of student-centered learning, has been applied in medical education curriculum in Indonesia since the Competency-Based Curriculum was introduced. Students’ perception towards SDL concept in relation to clinical stage and how it is applied are important to identify problems from students’ point of view. This study aimed to see SDL readiness and its correlation to academic achievement; and to obtain student perceptions towards SDL.Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted in the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia (FMUI) from April to June 2013, involving 209 of year 4 students to see SDL readiness and its correlation to academic achievement. Qualitative methods with phenomenological approaches were used to obtain student perceptions of SDL.Results: 71.3% of students were in the category of ready for SDL with a mean score of 57.03 (SD 7.416). Among students’ characteristics, significant mean difference was found in type of education program. The international class group had a higher mean score than the regular group (p 0.014). SDLRS scores did not correlate with student academic grades. Students’ perceptions towards SDL were in accordance with known concepts, and students preferred SDL rather than teacher-centered learning in the clinical stage with suggestions of improvement in some areas.Conclusion: Clinical stage students were ready to conduct SDL. International class students seemed more ready for SDL. Students at year 4 clinical stage had good perception of SDL. This positive perception would provide sufficient readiness for the implementation of SDL in medical education.
ADAPTING THE OLDENBURG BURNOUT INVENTORY INTO BAHASA INDONESIA FOR MEASURING BURNOUT IN MEDICAL RESIDENTS
Authors: Moelyo Annang Giri , Hanafi Muchtar
Published: August 2022

Background: Burnout is common among medical residents, and a non-commercial tool for assessing burnout for medical residents is needed. This study aimed to adapt the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) in Bahasa Indonesia for medical residents and to analyze its validity and reliability.Case Discussion: The English version of OLBI was forward and backward translated to and from Bahasa Indonesia by English-language translation experts, and was appropriately modified by the authors. The respondents of the questionnaire were taken from pediatric residents in the first trial (48 subjects), and from internal medicine, pediatric, dermatology, surgery, and neurology residents in the second trial (109 subjects). The item-test correlation to measured construct validity was good for both trials. A confirmatory factor analysis was then undertaken to evaluate the goodness of fit (GOF), the root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA), comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR), and coefficient of determination (CD) in the second trial. The results of the one-factor model and multidimensional GOF of the 16 items were unsatisfactory (χ2<0.05 and RMSEA>0.08). The GOF of the two-factor analysis of burnout with 8 items (3 exhaustion items and 5 disengagement items) created the following results: χ2=0.378; RMSEA=0.025; CFI=0.995; TLI=0.993; SRMR=0.036; and CD=0.898. The Cronbach’s alphas, for internal consistency reliability, in the first trial, second trial, and final model were 0.73, 0.87, 0.83, and 0.79, respectively.Conclusion: An 8-items modified Bahasa Indonesia translation of the OLBI for medical residents to measure burnout has good reliability and validity.
CLINICAL SKILLS TEACHING USING PATIENT EXAMINATION VIDEO DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim , Veronica Vanessa
Published: August 2022

Background: The current situation of the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the clinical learning system, which was originally fully face-to-face or blended, to be fully online. Skills lab, as one of the most routine medical skills education methods in the undergraduate medical education phase, must also adapt its implementation by optimizing the full-online approach. The purpose of this review was to investigate how patient examination videos can be used as clinical skills educational tool during the COVID-19 pandemic.Learning Media Review: The selected patient video is an unedited, soundless recording of a neurologist doing a pathological reflex test at Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta. During clinical skills laboratory sessions, videos are displayed concurrently with introductory lectures to examine abnormal reflexes.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that using actual patient videos in clinical skills sessions is acceptable and well-implemented. This is an excellent alternative method of acquiring clinical competencies during the COVID-19 pandemic era.
DEVELOPING PBL SCENARIO FOR ONLINE TUTORIALS
Authors: Susani Yoga Pamungkas , Utomo Prattama Santoso , Rehatta Nancy Margarita
Published: August 2022

Background: Scenario is one of the three main components of Problem-based Learning (PBL) besides students and tutors. Besides being an essential component in triggering interest in learning, scenarios also affect group dynamics and academic achievement. During the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the learning process was conducted online, including PBL tutorial discussions. Distraction during online PBL learning is a challenge that must be faced so that the discussion process can achieve the learning objectives. This condition requires the commitment of tutors and students and engaging scenarios that will also help students and tutors stay focused on the discussion. This article is a recommendation based on the IAMHPE Webinar #5 on the scenario development process to support the online PBL process. This article may provide a guide in developing PBL scenarios.Recommendation: The development of PBL scenarios in pandemic conditions still needs to consider various aspects of preparing a good and immersive scenario. The steps needed are ensuring the scenario development team, determining learning objectives and tutorial issues, designing innovative scenarios, conducting reviews and improving the quality of scenarios regularly, and preparing informative tutor guides.Conclusion: Scenarios for online PBL tutorials must support the application of the four PBL principles, namely constructive, contextual, self-directed learning, and collaborative learning. Each institution needs to create scenarios that are appropriate to its learning context.
Quadratic Bounded Knapsack Problem Solving with Particle Swarm Optimization and Golden Eagle Optimization
Authors: Pratiwi Yona Eka , Ubaidillah Firdaus , Fatekurohman Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Optimization problems are the most interesting problems to discuss in mathematics. Optimization is used to modeling problems in various field to achieve the effectiveness and efficiency of the desired target. One of the optimization problems that are often encountered in everyday life is the selection and packaging of items with limited media or knapsack to get maximum profit. This problem is well-known as knapsack problem. There are various types of knapsack problems, one of them is quadratic bounded knapsack problem. In this paper, the authors proposed a old and new algorithm, which is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Golden Eagle Optimization (GEO). Furthermore, the implementation of the proposed algorithm, PSO is compared to the GEO. Based on the results of this study, PSO algorithm performs better and produces the best solution than the GEO algorithm on all data used. The advantage obtained by the PSO algorithm is better and in accordance with the knapsack capacity. In addition, although the convergent iteration of the PSO takes longer time than GEO with the same number of iterations, GEO is able to find better solutions faster and able to escape from the local optimum. However, the computation time required by the PSO algorithm is faster than the GEO algorithm.
‘The Intention to Flee. Kalmyk Exodus to China Reviewed’: Revisiting N. Palmov’s Manuscript on the 1771 Kalmyk Exodus Housed by Kalmykia’s National Archive (Collection Р-145)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Orlov Evgeniy
Published: August 2022

Introduction. The National Archive of Kalmykia houses personal papers of Professor Nikolai N. Palmov (Collection Р-145), a remarkable academic historian to have pioneered Kalmyk studies. The Kalmyk exodus of 1771 to China that turned a demographic collapse has attracted attention of both N. Palmov and other researchers. The reasons to have caused Khan Ubashi’s eastwards resettlement of two thirds of Kalmyks and the migration proper still remain most actively explored issues of Kalmyk studies. Goals. The article aims to examine one document from the Palmov Collection and evaluate its information potential for historical research. Results. The archival unit is of essential interest since it mentions correspondence between local and St. Petersburg executives pertaining to Kalmyk exodus, and contains N. Palmov’s notes (in margins) that served to emphasize the facts he was considering of utmost importance. The source attests to somewhat complex nature of the issue. The paper presumes the notes and underlinings tend to express N. Palmov’s personal accounts of the historical event, which may prove instrumental in deeper understanding of the scholar’s activities and life.
ATU 513 ‘The Extraordinary Companions’: The Motif of Magic Assistant in Kalmyk Folktales Revisited
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Goryaeva Baira
Published: August 2022

Introduction.The motif of a hero’s assistant serves a plot-forming element in Kalmyk folktales. Researchers note that the main character of the Kalmyk folktale is assisted by humans and animals, orthomorphic assistants and wonderful objects. Goals. The article examines the motif of assistant for plot type ATU 513 ‘The Extraordinary Companions’. In the oral tradition of the Kalmyks, this plot type is represented by subtypes, gets implemented as an independent plot, as well as in contamination. Results. The plot-forming motif of the wonderful helper in folktales for plot type 513 is realized in various ways. The hero’s willing helpers are not only humans with superpowers (‘Rearranging Mountains’, ‘Shaking the Earth’, ‘Drinking Seas’, ‘The Listener’, etc.) but also grateful animals. Wonderful comrades who have power over the forces of nature cope with all difficult tasks of the Khan, which makes it possible for the hero to marry the latter’s daughter. The miraculous properties of helpers enable them to avoid imminent death at the hands of the ruler. Sometimes those inflict punishment on a hostile Khan (mangas), they also save the hero’s wife and his son. At the same time, one should note such folktale collisions when the hero sets a heavenly maiden or Tara free from a fifteen-headed mangas, thus, himself acting as assistant.
Thematic Palette of Abaza Poetry, 1930s–1940s: Newspaper Publications Analyzed
Authors:   Karachay-Cherkessia Institute for Humanities Research, Government of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Chekalov Peter
Published: August 2022

Goals. The article attempts a thematic systematization of Abaza poetic works published by the Krasnaya Cherkessia newspaper from 1935 to 1941. Results. It identifies a number of themes, such as the Revolution, Vladimir Lenin, Soviet schoolchildren, May Day, Red Army, collective farm labor, and nature (The paper ignores themes of dark past and bright present, poetic dedications to the Constitution of 1936, and panegyrics to Joseph Stalin). The study provides multifaceted (semantic essentials, metrics and rhythmic patterns, stanza, rhyme, vocabulary, visual and expressive means) insights into four translated and nineteen original poems to reveal specific features inherent to each of the latter. The final part contains a generalization of all observations.
A Surplus of Melancholy: the Discourse of Mourning in Freud, Benjamin and Derrida
Authors: Bernstein Carol L.
Published: August 2022

The author reviews the mourning, that is one of the most striking features of contemporary discourse in both literary theory and philosophy. Two different but related theories of mourning appear in Freud and Benjamin. In his turn, Derrida weaves the work of mourning into close analysis of texts and into an archive of European ideas and practices.
De la palabra a la imagen: las relaciones entre literatura y cine
Authors: García Jambrina Luis
Published: August 2022

Luis García Jambrina se ocupa brevemente de las complejas relaciones entre dos mundos que, para muchos, son antagónicos e irreconciliables: el mundo de la palabra y el mundo de la imagen. De un lado, está la llamada cultura literaria, tipográfica y clásica; del otro, la cultura audiovisual, electrónica y postmoderna. El cine es el lugar de encuentro de la palabra y la imagen, de ahí que haya una clara continuidad entre literatura y cine, una continuidad que puede percibirse en diferentes aspectos y niveles.
Discussion on Recent and Past Development in the Field of Seismic Analysis on Symmetry and Asymmetry Shaped Building Frames
Authors: Bagde Anmol Deep
Published: August 2022

Abstract: This paper highlights the detail discussion of past researcher by categorizing the review on seismic analysis based on regular and irregular shape building. The review concludes that after careful observation there are lot of experimental and numerical investigation may be done on different shape of building and many researchers has already been done work on regular building but not given remedies hence there is need of application of retrofitting such as shear wall, bracing in structure as building material by the structural engineers
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Penentu Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Kabupaten Kota Provinsi Jawa Tengah Tahun 2010- 2019
Authors: Faizal Mohammad , Nuraini Ida
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to analyze the effect of labor and capital expenditure on economic growth by using data from 35 regencies/cities in Central Java years of 2010-2019. The method was used multiple linear regression by panel data and hypothesis test. This study showed that the labor and capital expenditure variable is positively related and significant to economic growth in regencies/cities Centra Java. To summarize, the government was supposed to grow labor totals through education, training, and experience and add a job to reduce unemployment. The government was supposed to maximize capital expenditures to assist Central Java's facilities and infrastructure regencies/cities.
INCREASING THE CLEANING INTENSITY IN THE RUMBLING DRUM
Authors:   Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman, YUDIN VLADIMIR , KULAKOV KONSTANTIN , FERYABKOV ALEKSANDR ,   Russian State Agrarian Correspondence University
Published: July 2022

Cleaning of fasteners and small parts at repair and machine-building enterprises is carried out in rumbling drums at a constant speed. The quality of cleaning is low. Searching for new cleaning techniques is an urgent task. (Research purpose) The research purpose is increasing the cleaning intensity in a rumbling drum, performing a complex movement in a bath with a washing solution. (Materials and methods) The article presents an upgraded washing machine with a complex drum movement. The mathematical justification of the installation design was presented. The article describes the installation scheme with a complex movement of the rumbling drum. It was proposed to place panels with brushes on the sides of the drum from the inside, which will allow damping the blows of the contents against the walls. (Results and discussion) The movement of the cleaned products and the filler inside the rotating rumbling drum depends on its rotation frequency. At a low rotational speed, there is a cascade movement. While the rotation speed increases, the contents of the drum are aligned and pressed against its walls and the relative movement stops. The maximum speed and acceleration are many times greater than in the known drums. The cleaning solution is fed into the drum without a pump due to the waves formed in front of the moving drum. (Conclusions) Due to the change in the movement of the products inside the rolling drum, the intensity of cleaning increases. The design of the installation makes it possible, with low energy costs for the drum drive, to significantly intensify the cleaning of products. The duration of cleaning is significantly reduced and depends on the type of products and contamination of their surfaces.
INFLUENCE OF ENERGY AND TECHNOLOGICAL MODES OF ELECTRIC SPARK TREATMENT WITH DISK ELECTRODES ON THE THICKNESS OF COATINGS
Authors:   National Research Mordovia State University N.P. Ogareva, SENIN PETR , RAKOV NIKOLAY , ZEMSKOV ALEKSANDR
Published: July 2022

The method of electric spark processing is used both in the manufacture and in the restoration of machine parts and consists of several processes: surfacing, alloying, hardening. The method of electric spark processing in mechanized surfacing with a vibrating device using a disk electrode has not been sufficiently studied. (Research purpose) The research purpose is determining the technological modes of electric spark treatment using disk electrodes with different carbon content, at which the thickness of the coatings is at least 500 micrometers per diameter of the workpiece. (Materials and methods) The parameters affecting the thickness of the coating being formed are energetic: the energy of a single pulse, the amount of energy, the pulse frequency, and technological: the rotation speed of the processing part, the line feed of the electrode, the rotation speed of the electrode. Conducted research on the BIG-5 installation for electric spark processing in a mechanized mode with a vibrating device and disk electrodes with different carbon content. (Results and discussion) The next energy and technological modes allow us to obtain the maximum coating thickness in the mechanized mode with disk electrodes: the amount of energy is 300-500 joules; the rotation speed of the part is 0.0024-0.0165 meters per second, the line feed of the electrode is 0.2-1.4 millimeters per minute; the rotation speed of the disk electrode is 0.0209-0.0837 meters per second. (Conclusions) The conducted studies of the technological modes of electric spark treatment with disk electrodes and the coating thickness allows us to conclude that with an increase in the carbon content in the electrode material, the thickness of the formed coatings decreases. The thickness of the coatings is at least 500 micrometers for the studied electrode materials is reached at 10.0 joules.
PRODUCING METAL POWDERS FOR ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, ROMANOV IL'YA , ZADOROZHNIY ROMAN
Published: July 2022

Additive technologies become to be widely used in modern mechanical engineering. There are different methods and equipment for carrying out this task, but they all require a starting material - a metal powder with certain physical and chemical characteristics. In modern realities, it is important for Russia to provide itself with high-quality and inexpensive raw materials, which justifies the search for new methods. (Research purpose) The research purpose is considering the most popular and energy-efficient methods of manufacturing metal powder materials for additive manufacturing, justifying the use of a promising method of electroerosive dispersion, which allows obtaining powders with the required characteristics from mechanical engineering waste. (Materials and methods) Literature sources, scientific papers, as well as laboratory equipment were used to study the properties of powder materials, in detail: Olympus GX-51 inverted metallographic microscope, Microtrac Bluewave particle size analyzer, Autosorb-1 specific surface area analyzer, QUANTA 600 FEG electron-ion scanning microscope, drying cabinet SHS-80-01 SPU, a set of sieves according to GOST 2715-75, analytical scales Acculab ALC-210d4. (Results and discussion) Various atomization methods and the properties of metal powders that can be used in additive technologies were analyzed and described. The method of electroerosive dispersion was noted as promising and the powder material obtained with its help was studied. (Conclusions) Additive technologies are becoming more widespread. An urgent task is the search for new ways to obtain metal powders for their producing. The most promising is the method of electroerosive dispersion, which allows obtaining powders with specified properties from mechanical engineering waste. The particles of this powder have a regular rounded shape, high specific surface area and low porosity.
THE REQUIRED CAPACITY OF THE BIOGAS PLANT
Authors:   South Ural State Agrarian University, SHER'YAZOV SAKEN , VASENEV VITALIY , TELYUBAEV ZHASLAN
Published: July 2022

One of the ways of increasing the efficiency of a biogas plant is selecting the heater power to maintain the operating mode. Biogas plants make it possible to dispose of animal husbandry waste, reducing the land area for waste storage, and thereby reduce environmental pollution. The introduction and experience of using them in Russia are hindered by many factors, including the lack of methods for designing biogas plants that would take into account climatic conditions and operating modes. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to determine the required power for heating the substrate, depending on the possible modes of waste disposal, processes of biomass loading and thermal insulation of the bioreactor. (Materials and methods) With energy saving, it is important to choose the necessary optimal power of heating devices to maintain a given operating mode in a bioreactor. During processing, energy is spent on heating the biomass to the required fermentation temperature and on heat losses, while it is necessary to distinguish between the starting and steady-state operating modes of biogas plants that differ in power consumption. The power consumption is affected by the conditions of biomass loading in mesophilic and thermophilic modes of operation of biogas plants. Using the ratio of starting to steady-state power, it is possible to assess how different modes of operation of the biogas plant affect its required power. The article presents the example of a 100 cubic meter reactor with various internal and external parameters. (Results and discussion) Results are presented as the dependence of the ratio of starting power to the power of the steady-state mode on the thickness of the insulation of the biorector, by which the required power can be determined. (Conclusions) The conducted studies allow us to approach the methodology of a reasonable choice of the required capacity of a biogas plant in various technological modes of fermentation of biomass.