bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pre-service Teachers’ Appropriation of Conceptual Tools
Authors: Nocon Honorine , Robinson Ellen H.
Published: February 2022

Teachers and teacher educators in the US struggle with conflicting needs. They must thinkcritically and adaptively in response to the rapidly changing demographics of their students andadjust to a policy climate that emphasizes standardization, measurement, and disregard forteachers as professionals. Embattled pre-service teacher education programs in institutions ofhigher education have traditionally sought to develop teacher candidates’ knowledge, skills, anddispositions. The authors argue that in the current climate pre-service teachers also mustappropriate conceptual frameworks to support their development as responsive professionals.While dispositions are beliefs and attitudes the origin and teaching of which remain in dispute,concepts like social justice, political-economic equity, and formative assessment are abstract ideasor concepts that inform practice. Conceptual tools, i.e., concepts, theories, and frameworks, guidenovice teachers in making decisions in response to the growing and rapidly changing studentpopulations they will teach as well as the policy contexts that constrain their teaching practice.The appropriation of conceptual tools contributes to development of vision and adaptive expertiserequired by responsive teacher professionals.Using an activity theory framework developed by Wartofsky (1973/1979) that draws in particularon the classification of artifacts, or tools, this article frames and critically examines teachers’need for conceptual tools, the appropriation of those tools, and a mixed methods study of thatappropriation. The study demonstrates that teacher candidates do appropriate conceptual tools,but that measurement of that process, though desirable in the current policy context, requires thedevelopment of a systematic and replicable methodology.
Voices in History
Authors: Leudar Ivan
Published: February 2022

Experiences of “hearing voices” nowadays usually count as verbal hallucinations and they indicate serious mental illness. Some are first rank symptoms of schizophrenia, and the mass media, at least in Britain, tend to present them as antecedents of impulsive violence. They are, however, also found in other psychiatric conditions and epidemiological surveys reveal that even individuals with no need of psychiatric help can hear voices, sometimes following bereavement or abuse, but sometimes for no discernible reason. So do these experiences necessarily mean insanity and violence, and must they be thought of as pathogenic hallucinations; or are there other ways to understand them and live with them, and with what consequences?One way to make our thinking more flexible is to turn to history. We find that hearing voices was always an enigmatic experience, and the people who had it were rare. The gallery of voice hearers is, though, distinguished and it includes Galilei, Bunyan and St Teresa. Socrates heard a daemon who guided his actions, but in his time this did not signify madness, nor was it described as a hallucination. Yet in 19th century French psychological medicine the daemon became a hallucination and Socrates was retrospectively diagnosed as mentally ill. This paper examines the controversies which surrounded the experience at different points in history as well as the practice of retrospective psychiatry. The conclusion reached on the basis of the historical materials is that the experience and the ontological status it is ascribed are not trans-cultural or trans-historic but situated both in history and in the contemporary conflicts.
Social Identities of Children in different Institutional Contexts
Authors: Højlund Susanne
Published: February 2022

Based on an ethnographic fieldwork the article analyses the experiences of 8-10 year old children in three different institutions. It is shown how the children create and maintain different social landscapes in each setting. This means that children's experiences are related to the position they have in the landscape. The notion social identity is used to discuss and explain these findings. With this notion identity is explained as an interplay between internal and external factors: between group-identification and categorisation. Children's different identities in different settings are not created by children themselves, but must bee seen in relation to the categorisation used by the adults to classify children. The professional categorisations of children are a central part of the social space in relation to which children act, talk, and play.
The Concept of Tacit Knowledge – A Critique
Authors: Nielsen Klaus
Published: February 2022

This article questions the concept of tacit knowledge as the basis for our conceptual understanding of practice. The first part of the article is a critical introduction to the concept of tacit knowledge. It is emphasized that this concept is situated in various academic practices and not defined and homogeneously but in accordance with issues and intentions significant for these practices. The second part of the article outlines some consequences of conceptualizing practice as basically a matter of tacit knowledge. It is argued that tacit knowledge should be seen in relation to the growth of professions in modern society and to the need to legitimate them. It is further claimed that as a legitimating concept tacit knowledge may bring about various problems leading to a marginalization of specific experiences, to social uniformity, to the reappearance of individualism and to the maintenance of a dualistic view of knowledge.
Practices of Government in Methadone Maintenance
Authors: Pedersen Esben Houborg
Published: February 2022

Addiction is a central issue in a liberal society of autonomous citizens, as the nodal point of addiction is self-control - or rather the lack of it. By looking at different ways of problematizing and working upon addiction, one might also get some idea of different ways of conceptualizing and practicing freedom. The point of departure for my paper is practices of methadone maintenance in different regimes of drug treatment. The article illustrates how treatment practices produce different forms of subjectification of drug addicts, depending on the discourses and technologies these practices articulate, and by implication, how they constitute different ways of problematizing freedom as something to be worked upon. My argument is based on interviews with managers of the drug treatment system in Copenhagen, documents concerning drug policy and drug treatment on a local and national level as well as addiction research. My analyses in this paper are tentative and a first report from a study currently under way.
A Fistful of NIL: Have We Entered a “Wild West” Recruiting Era?
Authors: Magnusen Marshall J. , Todd Samuel Y.
Published: February 2022

Changes about the National Collegiate Athletic Association’s (NCAA) Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) policy impacted the world of college sports in the summer of 2021. Emerging from the dust of this seismic event was an apparent new frontier for athletes, coaches, and universities to explore. In the eyes of many, college sports had now entered a “Wild West” frontier because of NIL, especially as it pertains to recruiting athletes. But what does that really mean, “Wild West”? And further, if such a comparison is at least somewhat accurate, are there lessons that can be learned from other sectors who likewise experienced supposed western-like eras? The purpose of this article is to address these two pressing questions.
Ten calls to action to integrate Indigenous Knowledges and perspectives into the Biosystems Engineering Program at the University of Manitoba
Authors:   Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 5V6 Canada, Ruta Alyssa , Seniuk Cicek Jillian ,   Centre for Professional Practice and Engineering Education, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Mante Afua ,   Department of Soil Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, Speare Marie ,   Sciences and Technology Library, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Herrmann Randy ,   Engineering Access Program (ENGAP), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Published: February 2022

In this study, a rapid grey and academic literature scoping review was conducted to investigate how Indigenous Knowledges, perspectives, values and cultures are being incorporated into engineering education in several colonialized countries. The findings were used to make recommendations on advancing the Biosystems Engineering curriculum at the University of Manitoba to educate future engineers who have the cultural capacity to work ethically, respectfully, and reciprocally in engineering practice and partnership with Indigenous Peoples and communities. The study was spurred in part by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s 94 Calls to Action. In collaboration with Indigenous Peoples, calls for integrating Indigenous knowledge and teaching methods into classrooms and building student capacity for intercultural understanding, empathy, and mutual respect. Sources for this review were gathered from Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand, countries that share a similar history of European colonization and are developing methods for curricular change. The findings demonstrated that incorporation of Indigenous Knowledges perspectives in engineering education can be organized into five main themes: 1. capacity building for engineering educators, 2. consultation and collaboration with Indigenous Peoples and communities, 3. coalescing dominant, Indigenous and engineering perspectives, 4. preparing students for professional practice with Indigenous Peoples, and 5. developing a new curriculum. By incorporating these recommendations, engineering educators will help create an educational environment where Indigenous Peoples and their ways of knowing, being and doing have space alongside Western and engineering worldviews. This will prepare engineering students for culturally sensitive and ethically sound professional practice and support the students who will see themselves reflected in Biosystems Engineering.
A Brief Review of Recent Developments in the Integration of Deep Learning with GIS
Authors: Mohan Shyama , M.V.S.S Giridhar
Published: February 2022

The interaction of Deep Learning (DL) methods with Geographical Information System (GIS) provides the opportunity to obtain new insights into environmental processes through the spatial, temporal and spectral resolutions as well as data integration. The two technologies may be connected to form a dynamic system that is incredibly well adapted to the evaluation of environmental conditions through the interrelationships of texture, size, pattern, and process. This perspective has acquired popularity in multiple disciplines. GIS is significantly dependant on processors, particularly for 3D calculations, map rendering, and route calculation whereas DL can process huge amounts of data. DL has received a lot of attention recently as a technology with a plethora of promising results. Furthermore, the growing use of DL methods in a variety of disciplines, including GIS, is evident. This study tries to provide a brief overview of the use of DL methods in GIS. This paper introduces the essential DL concepts relevant to GIS, the majority of which have been published in recent years. This research explores remote sensing applications and technologies in areas such as mapping, hydrological modelling, disaster management, and transportation route planning. Finally, conclusions on contemporary framework methodologies and suggestions for further studies are provided.
A Machine Learning Model for Improving Building Detection in Informal Areas: A Case Study of Greater Cairo
Authors: Taha Lamyaa Gamal El-deen , Ibrahim Rania Elsayed
Published: February 2022

Building detection in Ashwa’iyyat is a fundamental yet challenging problem, mainly because it requires the correct recovery of building footprints from images with high-object density and scene complexity.A classification model was proposed to integrate spectral, height and textural features. It was developed for the automatic detection of the rectangular, irregular structure and quite small size buildings or buildings which are close to each other but not adjoined. It is intended to improve the precision with which buildings are classified using scikit learn Python libraries and QGIS. WorldView-2 and Spot-5 imagery were combined using three image fusion techniques. The Grey-Level Co-occurrence Matrix was applied to determine which attributes are important in detecting and extracting buildings. The Normalized Digital Surface Model was also generated with 0.5-m resolution.The results demonstrated that when textural features of colour images were introduced as classifier input, the overall accuracy was improved in most cases. The results show that the proposed model was more accurate and efficient than the state-of-the-art methods and can be used effectively to extract the boundaries of small size buildings. The use of a classifier ensample is recommended for the extraction of buildings.
Fibroblast mechanotransduction network predicts targets for mechano-adaptive infarct therapies
Authors: Rogers Jesse D , Richardson William J
Published: February 2022

Regional control of fibrosis after myocardial infarction is critical for maintaining structural integrity in the infarct while preventing collagen accumulation in non-infarcted areas. Cardiac fibroblasts modulate matrix turnover in response to biochemical and biomechanical cues, but the complex interactions between signaling pathways confound efforts to develop therapies for regional scar formation. We employed a logic-based ordinary differential equation model of fibroblast mechano-chemo signal transduction to predict matrix protein expression in response to canonical biochemical stimuli and mechanical tension. Functional analysis of mechano-chemo interactions showed extensive pathway crosstalk with tension amplifying, dampening, or reversing responses to biochemical stimuli. Comprehensive drug target screens identified 13 mechano-adaptive therapies that promote matrix accumulation in regions where it is needed and reduce matrix levels in regions where it is not needed. Our predictions suggest that mechano-chemo interactions likely mediate cell behavior across many tissues and demonstrate the utility of multi-pathway signaling networks in discovering therapies for context-specific disease states.
Удмурт фольклор / Удмуртский фольклор / Udmurt folklore
Authors:   Udmurt Institute for Research in History, Language and Literature (UdmFITs UrO RAN)., Pchelovodova Irina , Anisimov Nikolai ,   Department of Folkloristics, Estonian Literary Museum, Estonia,   Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature Udmurt FRC UB RAS
Published: February 2022

Лымшор пал удмуртъёслэн Кырӟан гуръёссы / Песни южных удмуртов / Songs of southern Udmurts The book is a continuation of the series "Udmurt folklore", reflecting the local song traditions of the Udmurts. The fourth issue is devoted to musical samples of the Udmurt non-ritual folklore of Kiyasovsky district of the Udmurt Republic. This collection includes lyrical songs, ditties, dance and merrymaking songs, teasers, and borrowed songs. For the first time the translation of the texts is made in two languages (Russian and English) for wide dissemination of the cultural heritage. The collection includes a USB flash drive. The publication is intended for musicologists, folklorists, linguists, workers of education and culture, as well as anyone interested in musical culture of the Udmurts. This second edition, completed and revised, has been acheived on the basis on the monograph, published in 2017: Pchelovodova I.V., Anisimov N.V. Songs of southern Udmurts. Izhevsk-Tartu, 2017. Issue IV. 376 p.: ill. (Udmurt Folklore).
Robustness of autoencoders for establishing psychometric properties based on small sample sizes: results from a Monte Carlo simulation study and a sports fan curiosity study
Authors: Lin Yen-Kuang , Lee Chen-Yin , Chen Chen-Yueh
Published: February 2022

Background

The principal component analysis (PCA) is known as a multivariate statistical model for reducing dimensions into a representation of principal components. Thus, the PCA is commonly adopted for establishing psychometric properties, i.e., the construct validity. Autoencoder is a neural network model, which has also been shown to perform well in dimensionality reduction. Although there are several ways the PCA and autoencoders could be compared for their differences, most of the recent literature focused on differences in image reconstruction, which are often sufficient for training data. In the current study, we looked at details of each autoencoder classifier and how they may provide neural network superiority that can better generalize non-normally distributed small datasets.

Methodology

A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted, varying the levels of non-normality, sample sizes, and levels of communality. The performances of autoencoders and a PCA were compared using the mean square error, mean absolute value, and Euclidian distance. The feasibility of autoencoders with small sample sizes was examined.

Conclusions

With extreme flexibility in decoding representation using linear and non-linear mapping, this study demonstrated that the autoencoder can robustly reduce dimensions, and hence was effective in building the construct validity with a sample size as small as 100. The autoencoders could obtain a smaller mean square error and small Euclidian distance between original dataset and predictions for a small non-normal dataset. Hence, when behavioral scientists attempt to explore the construct validity of a newly designed questionnaire, an autoencoder could also be considered an alternative to a PCA.
Autophagy-related prognostic signature for survival prediction of triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Yang Qiong , Sun Kewang , Xia Wenjie , Li Ying , Zhong Miaochun , Lei Kefeng
Published: February 2022

Background

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive type of cancer with few available treatment methods. The aim of the current study was to provide a prognostic autophagy-related gene (ARG) model to predict the outcomes for TNBC patients using bioinformatic analysis.

Methods

mRNA expression data and its clinical information for TNBC samples obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Metabric databases were extracted for bioinformatic analysis. Differentially expressed autophagy genes were identified using the Wilcoxon rank sum test in R software. ARGs were downloaded from the Human Autophagy Database. The Kaplan–Meier plotter was employed to determine the prognostic significance of the ARGs. The sample splitting method and Cox regression analysis were employed to establish the risk model and to demonstrate the association between the ARGs and the survival duration. The corresponding ARG-transcription factor interaction network was visualized using the Cytoscape software.

Results

A signature-based risk score model was established for eight genes (ITGA3, HSPA8, CTSD, ATG12, CLN3, ATG7, MAP1LC3C, and WIPI1) using the TCGA data and the model was validated with the GSE38959 and Metabric datasets, respectively. Patients with high risk scores had worse survival outcomes than those with low risk scores. Of note, amplification of ATG12 and reduction of WIPI were confirmed to be significantly correlated with the clinical stage of TNBC.

Conclusion

An eight-gene autophagic signature model was developed in this study to predict the survival risk for TNBC. The genes identified in the study may favor the design of target agents for autophagy control in advanced TNBC.
Concurrent Presence of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis with Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid- A Retrospective Study
Authors: Aramani Anita Desayappa , Lasrado Savita , Hegde Aishwarya , Kumar Saurabh
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is the most common inflammatory disease of thyroid and papillary carcinoma of thyroid is an epithelial malignancy and is the most frequent thyroid neoplasm. The association between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and papillary carcinoma of thyroid has been debatable due to conflicting evidence. Aim: To know the socio-demographic determinants of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and to find out the association between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and papillary carcinoma of thyroid. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, clinical and histopathological data of 720 patients who underwent thyroidectomy were studied at Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. Clinical case records, from October 2013 till September 2018, and histopathological reports were collected. The results were expressed in percentages, proportions and means with standard deviation. Chi-square test was used to find out the association of age group, sex and histopathologic findings with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. The data was analysed using SPSS version 23.0 and p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Mean age of the study participants with and without Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was 45.94 (±10.60) years and 45.88 (±12.88) years respectively. Out of 720 study participants, 623 (86.5%) were females and 97 (13.5%) males. The most common indication for thyroidectomy was benign thyroid disorders followed by papillary carcinoma of thyroid. Mean age of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was seen significantly higher in females compared to males (χ2 =12.214, p<0.001) and odds of females having Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was 3.76 times that of males and this was found to be statistically significant. Papillary carcinoma was seen in 157 cases out of 720 cases, and amongst them, 51 (32.5%) had Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Papillary carcinoma was found to be associated with the presence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (χ2 =17.5, p <0.001). Conclusion: Female sex was the significant socio-demographic determinant of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Papillary carcinoma of thyroid was found to be associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
The Systemic Review of COVID-19 Complications Pulmonary and Cutaneous
Authors: Salunkhe Abhishek , Sawal Anupama
Published: February 2022

In this text one-of-a-kind medical manifestations of COVID-19 are protected, extra in particular the pulmonary and cutaneous manifestation. There are unique signs and symptoms now no longer best associated with pores and skin or lunges however furthermore liver, kidney, git additionally display a few involvement, and however the pulmonary involvement is not unusual place. So all of the specific breathing worry were protected in this text. The pores and skin suggests very much less or negligible involvement in COVID-19 however in later segment of COVID-19 wave cutaneous signs have been additionally visible extra profusely so analyzing them is likewise crucial as well. There is much less records to be had at the cutaneous involvement however the findings are astonishing. The cutaneous manifestations have additionally been reviewed in this newsletter. The COVID-19 is a deadly situation and could be very unpredictable. The COVID-19 is essentially an ailment greater than a sickness. The virus is mutating with time and so the signs and symptoms also are converting because the time handed physicians have observed special signs associated with distinct structures. Since that is a current disease there isn’t always a whole lot statistics to be had at the manifestations. The pulmonary signs and symptoms are very normal. The lung involvement bring about minor to main harm to the lungs and once in a while irreversible lung harm that is everlasting and the affected person may also enjoy those signs publish COVID-19 too. The cutaneous signs and symptoms on different aspect are much less risky and it can subside after the contamination. Cardiac involvement have additionally been there which could be very risky. It is visible that affected person might also additionally expand disease like emergency which have to de handled quickly or the affected person may also die.
Deviated Nasal Septum in Left Side Nose: A Case Report
Authors: Mandhare Sunny Rushidas , Meshram Priyanka S. , Bhagat Ashish , Damahe Lalit B.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: When the thin wall that separates your right and left nasal passageways, your nasal septum, is moved to one side, you have a deviated septum. A disorder that is present at birth can create a deviated septum. A deviated septum can form during prenatal development and become visible at birth in some situations.

Main Symptoms and Important Clinical Findings: One or both nostrils are blocked. This obstruction (blockage) can make breathing via the nose or nostrils difficult. Nosebleeds. Pain in the face. During sleep, there is a lot of noise. The nasal cycle is something to be aware of. A preference for sleeping on one side over the other.

Patient Information: A patient is 45year old, having chief complete is shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, coughing, and weakness. Patient admitted to the hospital on date 12-7-21.

Clinical Findings: The Patient appeared to be awake and oriented with an individual on general inspection. Nasal bleeding, congestion, loss of smell, runny lose or post-nasal drip headache patients with clinical symptoms that are very similar to those of our case have lately been described.

Medical Management: Decongestants are drugs that assist keep the airways on both sides of your nose open by reducing nasal tissue swelling. Antihistamines are antihistamines, which assist to avoid allergy symptoms such as a stuffy or runny nose—steroid nasal spray.

Nursing Management: Administered fluid replacement (DNS and RL), maintained intake and output charts, and monitored hourly vital signs.

Conclusion: Nasal obstruction is a prevalent complaint among patients when the septum has deviated, stressing the need for more effective procedures to aid physicians in recommending surgical therapy when a patient has a nasal septum deviation.
C-Reactive Protein Prognosis During COVID 19: Symptomatic Transmission and Clinical Manifestation
Authors: Bhad Aditya , Bhake Arvind
Published: February 2022

Background: C –Reactive Elevation occurs in various diseases but, in the case of the corona, I observed that crop protein was raised and it is raised above the average value .patient died because of the C-Reactive protein Raised It is para particular type of protein that is produced by the liver; when the micro-organism enters the body and the central organ of the body, which is the liver produces the CRP protein to fight against the microorganism c reactive protein also increases when the liver is inflamed in chronic jaundice or the patient who is taking alcohol c reactive protein increases not only depends upon the microorganism that is buttered to the body but on the age it depends on creactive protein also we can find that it increases with age and we usually can find that with age it increases in the CRP protein adult commonly have raised CRP protein.C reactive is is typically an annular pentameric protein found in the blood plasma, whose circulating concentration rise in response to the inflammation. It is an acute-phase protein of hepatic origin that increases following interleukin-6 secretion by macrophages and t cells.c reactive protein’s mainly physiological role is to bind to the lysophosphatidylcholine expressed on the surface of dead or dying cells to activate the complement system. C reactive protein top expressed in the right lobe of a liver, liver, organ system, islet of Langerhans, gall bladder, duodenum, the body of pancreas, multicellular organism, increase primary function Crp protein is calcium-binding.
Correlation of Long Bone Length and Number of Nutrient Foramina – Importance in Everyday Clinical Practice
Authors: Dervišević Lejla , Dervišević Amela , Ajanović Zurifa , Hasanbegović Ilvana , Hadžihalilović Aida Sarač , Kapur Eldan , Dervišević Emina
Published: February 2022

Aims: Nutrient artery is the principal source of nutrition to the long bones. The topography of nutrient foramina on long bones is well known, but it has not yet been established whether the number of nutritive foramina (NF) is related to total bone length. The objective of the present study was to study the correlation of total number of nutrient foramina and long bone length of upper and lower limb to provide detailed data on such features.

Study Design: A cross-sectional, descriptive study

Place and Duration of Study: Department of anatomy, Medical Faculty University of Sarajevo. Study duration was 3 months.

Methodology: In the present study, 300 adult human long bones of the upper (50 humeri, 50 radii, 50 ulnae) and lower (50 femora, 50 tibiae, 50 fibulae) limbs were investigated to determine the number of their nutrient foramina. The nutrient foramina were identified analysed macroscopically and total number of nutrient foramina for each bone was recorded. Total length of each bone within a group was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed to determine correlation between total bone length and number of nutrient foramina, by using SPSS version 17.0 for Windows.

Results: A statistically significant negative correlations between the left humerus length and the number of NF was found. A positive correlations between the length of the right radius and the number of NF, the left ulna length and the number of NF, the right ulna length and the number of NF were found. A negative correlations between the length of the left radius and the number of NF and between right humerus length and number of NF were found. A positive correlation between the length of the right and left femur and the number of NF were found. A negative correlation between the length of left tibia and the number of NF was found, as well as negative correlation between the length of right and left fibula and number of NF.

Conclusion: Total bone length is not related to the number of nutrient foramina. The number of nutrient foramina does not depend on the total length of the bone, which is important when assessing the success of grafts for transplantation on long bones in taller people.
Doppler Indıces Evaluatıon In Malıgnant Breast Lesıons: A Revıew
Authors: Jain Soumya , Phatak Suresh Vasant , Dhande Rajasbala , Mishra Gaurav , Gupta Rishabh
Published: February 2022

The incidence of breast malignancy has displayed a rapid rise in recent times. It is one of the most common malignancies found in women. Women should be educated and made aware about self breast examination in order to detect malignancies at an early stage so that the prognosis can be improved. Breast pathologies can be classified into malignant and benign ones on the basis of signs and symptoms and by ultrasonography but can be confirmed on histopathology which remains the gold standard. Breast ultrasonography is the most common non ionizing radiological investigation used to assess breast lesions especially in women with dense or painful breasts. Breast carcinomas appear irregularly shaped hypoechoic lesions with non-circumscribed margins, but these features can rarely be manifested by benign lesions as well. Recent introduction of doppler ultrasound has led to an increase in the sensitivity of detecting breast carcinoma since most of the breast malignancies are hyper vascular and they show high resistivity index on spectral analysis. Angiogenesis in malignant lesions lead to formation of structurally abnormal and tortuous vessels with increased resistive index. Several studies on doppler analysis of breast malignancies have shown Doppler ultrasound to be a safe and effective modality showing acceptable diagnostic accuracy for non-invasive characterization of malignant breast lesions. Therefore, it can be employed as an alternative to histopathology in patients who present with breast lesions.
Establishment of Correlation of Ki-67 Proliferative Index Expression in the Peritumoral Tissue with Tumor Mass in ER (Estrogen Receptor) Positive Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Sukanya . , Dawande Pratibha , Bhake Arvind , Vagha Sunita
Published: February 2022

Background: Breast carcinoma is the second most frequently occurring malignant tumor. It usually arises in a multistep fashion from intermediary lesions to invasive cancer. Identifying such predominantly occurring lesions adjacent to malignancy and studying of Proliferative Ki-67 index and (ER) status in such lesions and substantiate their possible identity as a premalignant lesion. The study tries to establish the lesions which have the potential for progression to overt malignancy, thereby indicating early identification and appropriate treatment.

Aim: To establish a correlation in the expression of Ki-67 proliferative index in the peritumoral tissue with tumor mass of ER-positive breast carcinomas.

Objectives: 1.To study the expression of ER in breast tumor mass. 2. To study expression of Ki-67 proliferative index in breast tumor mass and peritumoral tissue. 3. To assess the expression of Ki-67 proliferative index in breast tumor mass and peritumoral tissue. Study design: Observational prospective study.

Materials and Methods: 32 mastectomy specimens of diagnosed cases of breast carcinoma sent to the Histopathology Section are studied. Gross features are described and the histopathological section stained by (H & E) stain and immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody to (ER) and proliferation-associated antigen (Ki-67) are studied. Statistics: Chi-square test, Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient, and software used in the analysis were SPSS 22.0 version and Graph Pad Prism 6.0 version and p<0.05 is considered as the level of significance.

Results: In this study out of 32 ER-positive cases, 24 showed positivity for Ki-67 in tumor mass and 22 cases showed high Ki-67 in peritumoral tissue. Maximum lesions were proliferative lesions with atypia like ADH and DCIS.

Conclusion: Ki-67 is an accurate nuclear proliferative marker to assess cell proliferation status. In breast carcinoma adjacent peritumoral lesions show a high proliferative index which suggests a link and a trail of generation of premalignant lesions converting to invasive carcinoma. Proliferative lesions with and without atypia, moderate epithelioid, atypical ductal hyperplasia, and DCIS more or else equals IDC for Ki-67 proliferative index. Such cases should be regularly followed up for progression of these lesions to malignancy.
Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Modified Ashmaghnasveda (Stone Therapy) and Choornapindasveda in Management of Katigraha (Lumbar spondylosis)
Authors: Jain Anup , Sawarkar Punam
Published: February 2022

Background: Katigraha is one of the most common illnesses affecting the Kati area, in which Vata gets are unbalanced in their own sthana (seat), resulting in Graha (stiffness) and Ruja (pain). Lumbar Spondylosis is a disease that causes back discomfort caused by spine movement and is accompanied by rigidity. Ashmaghnasveda is a key svedana treatment that helps with vataja, particularly Sama vataja and vatakaphaja illnesses. In this project, a structurally modified form of Ashmaghnasveda will be employed to produce ekangasveda. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of modified Ashmaghnasveda (stone therapy) and churnapindasveda in the treatment of Katigraha (lumbar spondylosis).

Methodology: A total of 64 patients will be enrolled, and they will be evenly divided into two groups. Modified Ashmaghnasveda will be performed for 14 days in GroupA(Interventional). Churnapindasveda will be performed for 14 days in GroupB (comparator group). Expected Results: The objective parameters will be monitored and documented as they change. Conclusion: Based on the information gathered, conclusions will be reached.
Low Back Pain among Preprimary and Primary School Teachers Affecting Their Activities of Daily Living (ADL’s): Questionnaire Based Study
Authors: Guhe Akshata , Sontake Prachi , Nagarkar Shiril , Jha Rakesh Kumar , Bankar Nandkishor
Published: February 2022

Background: Low back pain is a complicated illness that is influenced by a variety of circumstances, making it difficult to pinpoint a single cause or even a major contributor. The yearly first-time incidence of low back pain is 5% and the annual prevalence ranges from 15 to 63 percent (those suffering at the time of diagnosis).

Objective: The study's goal is to find out how common low back pain is among preprimary and primary school teachers by analyzing questionnaire responses. Methods: A suitable sample approach was used to conduct a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study on 200 school instructors in diverse schools (Mother's pet kindergarten, mundle English medium, kinder joy, etc).

Results: The results revealed that preprimary and primary school teachers have a moderate level of low back discomfort, with an average score of 25.35 percent.

Conclusion: It also shows that there is a moderate increase in low back discomfort as one's working years grow.
A Healthcare Worker's Adverse Skin Reaction to the Use of Personal Protection Equipment and Frequent Hand Washing in COVID 19
Authors: Mulchandani Pankaj D. , Singh Sudhir , Suryawanshi Mihika , Nakade Mrunal , Vaidya Nikhil R. , Chandi Dhruba Hari
Published: February 2022

Background: Due to the increasing number of covid 19 cases, HCWs must use personal protective equipment (PPE) such as N95 masks, latex gloves, and protective clothes due to the significant infectivity of COVID-19, which may cause unpleasant skin responses.

Materials and Methods: The Demographic data of 89 individuals, duration of work in covid facilities, history of skin pre-existing skin disease, information about personal protective kit used that is a type of mask used ( N95 with ear strap or head strap, FFP2, cloth mask, surgical mask), type of gloves used (nitrile, latex, rubber, plastic), frequency of hand washing and frequency of use of hand sanitizer and any adverse skin reaction seen by their use was collected from a participant who fulfilled the inclusion criteria by the distribution of questionnaires.

Results: Out of 89 individual, 73 individual showed adverse skin reactions to the use of mask, including nasal bridge scarring (10.11%), facial itching (19.10%), skin damage (4.49%), dry skin (12.36%), and rash (8.99%), acneiform eruption (7.87%), indentation and ear pain (11.24%). Facial itching was the most common adverse skin reaction in individuals using masks. Dry skin (28.08%) and Itching (17.97 %) were common adverse skin reactions. Twenty-nine individuals experienced adverse skin reactions to the use of PPE. The most common skin reactions were dry skin (12) and itching (10).

Conclusion: Due to the long-term use of PPE, masks, gloves, and adverse skin reactions, healthcare workers are prone to adverse skin reactions; a proper suggestion made that the use of cloth mask under N95 OR FFP2 mask can help reduce such adverse reactions.
Efficacy of Piroxicam and Tramadol as a Pre-Emptive Analgesic Agent for Mandibular Third Molar Surgery
Authors: Krishnan Sneha , Periasamy Senthilnathan , Kumar M. P. Santhosh
Published: February 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this clinical trial is to examine the effectiveness of 20 mg piroxicam with 50 mg tramadol as a pre-emptive analgesic for mandibular third molar surgery.

Methods: In this prospective study, 30 patients were referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Chennai for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars with similar difficulty indexes under local anesthetic. Patients were randomly distributed to one of two groups: Group A received 20 mg piroxicam intramuscularly (IM) 50 minutes before surgery, while Group B received 50 mg tramadol IM 50 minutes before surgery. The time to analgesic re-medication, Pain intensity (VAS Scores) at 1st, 2nd, 12th, 24th hour, total analgesic consumption was evaluated.

Results: When compared to the group getting 50 mg of tramadol IM, the group receiving 20 mg of piroxicam IM demonstrated differences in pain intensity as measured by the visual analog scale and total analgesic consumption [lesser values], and the results were statistically significant(p<0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of time to first rescue analgesic medication, number of patients requiring the rescue analgesic procedure (10 mg of oral ketorolac), and number of patients without the need for analgesic during the evaluation period. (P >0 .05).

Conclusion: Within the limits of the study, patients who received 20 mg of piroxicam before surgery had less pain intensity and total analgesic consumption than those who received 50 mg of tramadol before surgery. In comparison to pre-emptively administered tramadol, piroxicam showed superior analgesic effects for intermediate surgical operations when given preoperatively.
Study on Dynamic Balance in College Students with Flat Foot and with Normal Arched Foot using Y- Balance Test
Authors: Parekh Niyati , Sudhakar S.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Flat foot deformity is mostly found in adults. Talus's average turn and plantar flexion are detailed, as well as calcaneus eversion, a disintegrated average curve, and forefoot snatching. Balance is a basic requirement for performing daily activities, and it plays a critical role in maintaining bodily posture. Lower limb work has included balance as a component. The balance might be affected by a little change in strength or any instability in the muscles or joints of the lower limb.

Aim of Study: The purpose of this study is to determine Dynamic balance in college students with flat feet and normal arced feet using Y-Balance test.

Materials and Methods: A total of 60 participants were recruited from Bangalore's Krupanidhi College of Physiotherapy who met the inclusion criteria. All of the subjects underwent a Navicular Drop Test and a Y-balance test.

Outcome Measures: To distinguish between Flat Foot and Normal Arched Foot, the Navicular Drop Test was utilised. The Dynamic Balance was assessed using the Y-balance test.

Statistical Tool: Unpaired t-test. Result: The P-value for the Right foot is 0.0005 and for the Left foot is 0.004, and the Mean difference for the Right side is 6.75033 and for the Left side is 8.6616, indicating that there is a significant difference in dynamic balance stability in students with Flat feet compared to students with Normal feet.

Conclusion: The study finds that students with Flat Feet have a deficit in Dynamic Balance when compared to students with Normal Arched Feet.
Dermatophytosis: An Epidemiological Study in a Tertiary Care Center in Rural Sind
Authors: Bano Shazia , Parveen Kousar , Ahmed Hafiz Bashir , Sial Sikandar Ali , Iqbal Tayyaba , Detho Amir Bux
Published: February 2022

Aims and Objects: Dermatophytosis is a common infection worldwide, and a major public health issue. Hot, humid climates and overcrowding favor the spread of skin infection in general populations. The purpose of the study is to analyze the prevalence of disease in patients attending the outpatient department of dermatology PUMHS-W Nawabshah. 

Methodology: The study type is cross-sectional,  conducted at departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences, Nawabshah, for 3 months, (June 1st, 2020 to August 31st, 2020) after written permission from ERC. A total of 93 cases were included.

Skin scraping, nail clippings, hair fragments, and scalp, samples were acquired from patients approaching the Outpatient department. Wood /s lamp examination was carried out in all patients. By using 20% potassium hydroxide (KOH) on a glass slide with the sample and passing over the flame 2-3 times. After confirmation, the samples were streaked on the sterilized Sabouraud dextrose agar medium containing antibiotic, Petri plates were incubated at 25-28 °C for two weeks, all cases were directed towards the microscopic examination, and results were entered into SPSS 20 analyzed and tabulated.

Results: Out of 93 suspects 84 (90.3%) samples were positive for fungal infection, and among them, 68 (73.1%) cases gave positive growth, Male predominance is noticed with 60%.Tinea corporis 45.6%is on the top of the list causing infection and T. unguium is the least common1.5%. The adult age group 20-40yrs were more affected followed by the middle-aged group.

Conclusion: Dermatophytosis is common in the younger and adult age group, but it is prevalent in our general population irrespective of age and gender.
Preparation and Antimicrobial Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (Abies webbiana) Based Mouthwash
Authors: Iyer Prabhav Kumar , Jeevitha M. , Rajeshkumar S. , Jeyaraman Selvaraj
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Nanotechnology has been taking the scientific community by storm as they have been showing promising results due to their antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activity. Multiple studies have found various plant species to be a rich source of these nanoparticles. Abies webbiana is one of these plants, however, it has not been studied enough. The aim of this study is to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles from a. Webbiana plant extract and to test its antimicrobial activity against certain microorganisms.

Materials and Methods: 1 g of a. Webbiana was mixed with 100 ml of distilled water and boiled for 15 minutes to 60°c in a heating mantle. The solution was filtered using whatman no. 1 filter paper. 20 millimolar(0.574 g) of zinc oxide was dissolved in 60 ml of distilled water. 60 ml of this solution was mixed with 40 ml of a. Webbiana filtrate in a beaker, which was then kept on a stirrer. A mouthwash was prepared using the extracted nanoparticles and was used for antimicrobial testing.

Results: The plasmon resonance band of zinc oxide nanoparticles showed absorbance peak at 450 nm. Maximum zone of inhibition was obtained at 100 μl against s. Aureus, 25 μl against e.faecalis, 50 μl against C. albicans and 100 μl against s. Mutans.

Conclusion: The mouthwash shows effective activity against c.albicans and s.mutans. Zinc oxide nanoparticles extracted from a. Webbianahave a potent antimicrobial activity and can be used for the treatment of orofacial infections.
Resistivity imaging survey of Capo Long Barrow, Aberdeenshire
Authors: Neighbour Tim , Strachan Richard , Collier Lindsey , Hobbs Bruce , Warren Graeme , Mudie George
Published: February 2022

Non-invasive fieldwork carried out on the Neolithic long barrow at Capo, present-day Aberdeenshire (NGR: NO 633 664), has considerably enhanced our knowledge of this monument. Topographical survey has provided the first detailed record of the barrow and its environs. Resistivity imaging has revealed key elements of the structure of the long barrow, including side revetment walls, a flat façade and possible mortuary structures, confirming that the barrow at Capo is of a similar morphology to the nearby (excavated) long barrow at Dalladies. The resistivity survey has demonstrated that rabbit burrowing and the roots of the tree stumps that covered the barrow have had little effect on the integrity of the major structural elements of the monument (the revetments and façade). However, it is not possible to assess the more subtle damage, such as mixing of archaeological layers, which may have been caused. It is concluded that, whilst resistivity imaging at the survey density employed here is time-consuming and would not be appropriate at many sites, as a management tool and as a means to explore sites that are unavailable for excavation, such as scheduled ancient monuments, it has been demonstrated to be of considerable value.