bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of prevalence and incidence trends of diabetes mellitus in Majmaah city, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia: A trend of 3 years retrospective study (2017-2019)
Authors:   Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia, Alharbi Raed Abdullah
Published: March 2021

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) remains a global disease and prevalent among 415 million people. Saudi Arabia is the second-highest country in the Middle East region and the seventh in the world in its prevalence rate. Population-based prevalence and incidence data are ultimate to evaluate the effects of prevention strategies for diabetes and such relevant studies in Saudi Arabia are scarce. Quantification of prevalence and incidence of DM is significant in rural-based populations to allow for clinical resource management. Therefore, this study is designed to determine the prevalence of diabetes among the population of Majmaah city, in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia in the past three years (2017-2019) and compare them with prevalence and incidence rates in Saudi Arabia. The data of patients with DM for the past three years were collected from archives of King Khaled hospital in Majmaah city and analyzed with different statistical methods frequency distribution using SAS software. DM's annual incidence (AI), incidence rate (IR), and average annual incidence (AAI) with confidence intervals of 95% are reported. It was found that incidence rates of both type 1 and type 2 DM of all age groups have increased in the last three years. The incidence rate of type 1 DM patients has increased by 20.23% while in type 2 DM has increased by 9.31%. Finally, this study suggested that DM trends among the population in Majmaah city are consistently increasing year by year and it is also in line with the trend of the whole Saudi Arabia irrespective of gender and age.
Predictive Modeling of 30-Day Emergency Hospital Transport of German Patients Using a Personal Emergency Response: Retrospective Study and Comparison with the United States (Preprint)
Authors: op den Buijs Jorn , Pijl Marten , Landgraf Andreas
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Predictive analytics based on data from remote monitoring of elderly via a personal emergency response system (PERS) in the United States can identify subscribers at high risk for emergency hospital transport. These risk predictions can subsequently be used to proactively target interventions and prevent avoidable, costly health care use. It is, however, unknown if PERS-based risk prediction with targeted interventions could also be applied in the German health care setting.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives were to develop and validate a predictive model of 30-day emergency hospital transport based on data from a German PERS provider and compare the model with our previously published predictive model developed on data from a US PERS provider.

METHODS

Retrospective data of 5805 subscribers to a German PERS service were used to develop and validate an extreme gradient boosting predictive model of 30-day hospital transport, including predictors derived from subscriber demographics, self-reported medical conditions, and a 2-year history of case data. Models were trained on 80% (4644/5805) of the data, and performance was evaluated on an independent test set of 20% (1161/5805). Results were compared with our previously published prediction model developed on a data set of PERS users in the United States.

RESULTS

German PERS subscribers were on average aged 83.6 years, with 64.0% (743/1161) females, with 65.4% (759/1161) reported 3 or more chronic conditions. A total of 1.4% (350/24,847) of subscribers had one or more emergency transports in 30 days in the test set, which was significantly lower compared with the US data set (2455/109,966, 2.2%). Performance of the predictive model of emergency hospital transport, as evaluated by area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC), was 0.749 (95% CI 0.721-0.777), which was similar to the US prediction model (AUC=0.778 [95% CI 0.769-0.788]). The top 1% (12/1161) of predicted high-risk patients were 10.7 times more likely to experience an emergency hospital transport in 30 days than the overall German PERS population. This lift was comparable to a model lift of 11.9 obtained by the US predictive model.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite differences in emergency care use, PERS-based collected subscriber data can be used to predict use outcomes in different international settings. These predictive analytic tools can be used by health care organizations to extend population health management into the home by identifying and delivering timelier targeted interventions to high-risk patients. This could lead to overall improved patient experience, higher quality of care, and more efficient resource use.
How to decide which COVID-19 patient with myocardial infarction to send to the Cath Lab? - A case series of COVID-19 patients with myocardial infarction (Preprint)
Authors: Nikolov Denis , Simova Iana , Dimitrov Nikolay , Kornovski Vladimir , Tomova Vesela , Vekov Toni , Krasnaliev Yordan
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

The Coronavirus pandemic has hit the world with its vast contagiousness, high morbidity, and mortality. Apart from the direct damage to the lung tissue, the corona virus infection is able to predispose patients to thrombotic disease, thus causing cerebral or coronary incidents.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to find a clinical or laboratory parameter, that would help in distinguishing between COVID-19 patients with myocardial infarction (MI), who have an infarct-related artery (IRA) and therefore, require immediate revascularization, and those, who have no IRA.

METHODS

This was a single-center, observational study of 10 consecutive patients with COVID-19, who were admitted with confirmed MI.

RESULTS

In our study group the mean age was 67.5 ± 8.3 years, half of the patients were female; all of them had arterial hypertension; 8 patients (80%) had dyslipidemy; 4 (40%) had diabetes. 30% of the patients with MI did not have an IRA, and did not require pPCI. Patients with MI and IRA had significantly higher hsTrI values (48.9 ± 43.2 vs 0.6 ± 0.7, p=0.007) and exclusively typical chest pain 100% vs 0%, p=0.007), compared to patients with MI without an IRA. The ECG changes had only marginal statistical significance. Our results suggest that using a higher cut-off value for hsTrI (>7.5 times upper reference range) increases the specificity and positive predictive value for diagnosing a MI with the presence of IRA and need for pPCI, to 100%

CONCLUSIONS

In our analysis we confirm that a higher cut-off value for hsTrI helps distinguish between COVID patients with MI, who have IRA and therefore, require immediate revascularization, compared to those, who have no IRA.
Machine Learning Approaches for Predicting Difficult Airway and First-Pass Success in the Emergency Department: Multicenter Prospective Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yamanaka Syunsuke , Goto Tadahiro , Morikawa Koji , Watase Hiroko , Okamoto Hiroshi , Hagiwara Yusuke , Hasegawa Kohei
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

There is still room for improvement in the modified LEMON (look, evaluate, Mallampati, obstruction, neck mobility) criteria for difficult airway prediction and no prediction tool for first-pass success in the emergency department (ED).

OBJECTIVE

We applied modern machine learning approaches to predict difficult airways and first-pass success.

METHODS

In a multicenter prospective study that enrolled consecutive patients who underwent tracheal intubation in 13 EDs, we developed 7 machine learning models (eg, random forest model) using routinely collected data (eg, demographics, initial airway assessment). The outcomes were difficult airway and first-pass success. Model performance was evaluated using c-statistics, calibration slopes, and association measures (eg, sensitivity) in the test set (randomly selected 20% of the data). Their performance was compared with the modified LEMON criteria for difficult airway success and a logistic regression model for first-pass success.

RESULTS

Of 10,741 patients who underwent intubation, 543 patients (5.1%) had a difficult airway, and 7690 patients (71.6%) had first-pass success. In predicting a difficult airway, machine learning models—except for k-point nearest neighbor and multilayer perceptron—had higher discrimination ability than the modified LEMON criteria (all, P≤.001). For example, the ensemble method had the highest c-statistic (0.74 vs 0.62 with the modified LEMON criteria; P<.001). Machine learning models—except k-point nearest neighbor and random forest models—had higher discrimination ability for first-pass success. In particular, the ensemble model had the highest c-statistic (0.81 vs 0.76 with the reference regression; P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Machine learning models demonstrated greater ability for predicting difficult airway and first-pass success in the ED.
Hospital-Based Contact Tracing of Patients With COVID-19 and Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Eastern India: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sahoo Durgesh Prasad , Singh Arvind Kumar , Sahu Dinesh Prasad , Pradhan Somen Kumar , Patro Binod Kumar , Batmanabane Gitanjali , Mishra Baijayantimala , Behera Bijayini , Das Ambarish , Dora G Susmita , Anand L , Azhar S M , Nair Jyolsna , Panigrahi Sasmita , Akshaya R , Sahoo Bimal Kumar , Sahu Subhakanta , Sahoo Suchismita
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

The contact tracing and subsequent quarantining of health care workers (HCWs) are essential to minimizing the further transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection and mitigating the shortage of HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic situation.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the yield of contact tracing for COVID-19 cases and the risk stratification of HCWs who are exposed to these cases.

METHODS

This was an analysis of routine data that were collected for the contact tracing of COVID-19 cases at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, in Odisha, India. Data from March 19 to August 31, 2020, were considered for this study. COVID-19 cases were admitted patients, outpatients, or HCWs in the hospital. HCWs who were exposed to COVID-19 cases were categorized, per the risk stratification guidelines, as high-risk contacts or low-risk contacts

RESULTS

During contact tracing, 3411 HCWs were identified as those who were exposed to 360 COVID-19 cases. Of these 360 cases, 269 (74.7%) were either admitted patients or outpatients, and 91 (25.3%) were HCWs. After the risk stratification of the 3411 HCWs, 890 (26.1%) were categorized as high-risk contacts, and 2521 (73.9%) were categorized as low-risk contacts. The COVID-19 test positivity rates of high-risk contacts and low-risk contacts were 3.8% (34/890) and 1.9% (48/2521), respectively. The average number of high-risk contacts was significantly higher when the COVID-19 case was an admitted patient (number of contacts: mean 6.6) rather than when the COVID-19 case was an HCW (number of contacts: mean 4.0) or outpatient (number of contacts: mean 0.2; P=.009). Similarly, the average number of high-risk contacts was higher when the COVID-19 case was admitted in a non–COVID-19 area (number of contacts: mean 15.8) rather than when such cases were admitted in a COVID-19 area (number of contacts: mean 0.27; P<.001). There was a significant decline in the mean number of high-risk contacts over the study period (P=.003).

CONCLUSIONS

Contact tracing and risk stratification were effective and helped to reduce the number of HCWs requiring quarantine. There was also a decline in the number of high-risk contacts during the study period. This indicates the role of the implementation of hospital-based, COVID-19–related infection control strategies. The contact tracing and risk stratification approaches that were designed in this study can also be implemented in other health care settings.

CLINICALTRIAL
Comparative Effects of Etelcalcetide and Maxacalcitol on Serum Calcification Propensity in Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Shoji Tetsuo , Nakatani Shinya , Kabata Daijiro , Mori Katsuhito , Shintani Ayumi , Yoshida Hisako , Takahashi Kanae , Ota Keiko , Fujii Hisako , Ueda Shinichiro , Nishi Shinichi , Nakatani Tatsuya , Yoshiyama Minoru , Goto Kiyoshi , Hamada Takayoshi , Imanishi Masahito , Ishimura Eiji , Kagitani Sosuke , Kato Yoshikazu , Kumeda Yasuro , Maekawa Kiyoshi , Matsumura Takayasu , Nagayama Harumi , Obi Yasue , Ohno Yoshiteru , Sai Yoshinori , Sakurai Mayumi , Sasaki Satoshi , Shidara Kaori , Shoji Shigeichi , Tsujimoto Yoshihiro , Yamakawa Kenjiro , Yasuda Hideaki , Yodoi Shozo , Inaba Masaaki , Emoto Masanori
Published: March 2021

Background and objectives

Vitamin D receptor activators and calcimimetics (calcium-sensing receptor agonists) are two major options for medical treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism. A higher serum calcification propensity (a shorter T50 value) is a novel surrogate marker of calcification stress and mortality in patients with CKD. We tested a hypothesis that a calcimimetic agent etelcalcetide is more effective in increasing T50 value than a vitamin D receptor activator maxacalcitol.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

A randomized, multicenter, open-label, blinded end point trial with active control was conducted in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism undergoing hemodialysis in Japan. Patients were randomly assigned to receive intravenous etelcalcetide 5 mg thrice weekly (etelcalcetide group) or intravenous maxacalcitol 5 or 10 µg thrice weekly (maxacalcitol group). The primary, secondary, and tertiary outcomes were changes in T50 value, handgrip strength, and score of the Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community-Based Integrated Care System from baseline to 12 months, respectively.

Results

In total, 425 patients from 23 dialysis centers were screened for eligibility, 326 patients were randomized (etelcalcetide, n=167; control, n=159), and 321 were included in the intention-to-treat analysis (median age, 66 years; 113 women [35%]). The median (interquartile range) of T50 value was changed from 116 minutes (interquartile range, 90–151) to 131 minutes (interquartile range, 102–176) in the maxacalcitol group, whereas it was changed from 123 minutes (interquartile range, 98–174) to 166 minutes (interquartile range, 127–218) in the etelcalcetide group. The increase in T50 value was significantly greater in the etelcalcetide group (difference in change, 20 minutes; 95% confidence interval, 7 to 34 minutes; P=0.004). No significant between-group difference was found in the change in handgrip strength or in the Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community-Based Integrated Care System score.

Conclusions

Etelcalcetide was more effective in increasing T50 value than maxacalcitol among patients on hemodialysis with secondary hyperparathyroidism. There was no difference in handgrip strength or cognition between the two drugs.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

VICTORY; UMIN000030636 and jRCTs051180156
Chiari I - Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Association After Failed Posterior Fossa Surgery. Case Report
Authors: Pastor Escartín Felix , Quilis Quesada Vicent , Capilla Guasch Pau , Tabarés Palacín Diego , Vega Torres Esteban , Talamantes Escribá Fernando , De Oliveira Evandro
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Several papers have been published relating the Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Syndrome (HTII) to the Arnold Chiari type I malformation (AC1M). Both entities have clinical and demographic similarities, a poorly defined etiology and, sometimes common therapeutic posibilities. A correlation between both entities has been suggested, especially in a subgroup of patients in whom posterior fossa decompression surgery fails. With regard to a case, we reviewed the literature and proposed our hypothesis about the origin of Chiari-HTII syndrome and its therapeutic possibilities. Case presentation: A 41year-old patient with mild obesity, menstrual abnormalities and empty Sella Turcicae, was operated on with an AC1M associating basilar impression and syringomyelia causing all together a centromedullary syndrome. After posterior fossa decompression surgery and successful arthrodesis, she improved in the immediate postoperative period. Nevertheless, she soon developed symptoms of intracranial hypertension (ICH), and showed increased opening pressure in lumbar puncture compatible with HTII syndrome. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) was implanted with clinical improvement and 12 months later the syringomyelia was absent on in the magnetic resonance (MRI). Conclusion: The Chiari I-HTII syndrome is described as the coexistence of ICH symptoms after failed posterior fossa surgery, in patients with no flow MRI anomalies, and increased opening pressure at the lumbar puncture. In our experience, both entities seem to overlap in a common syndrome and must be taken into account, especially in patients with atypical onset of symptoms or patients in whom conservative treatment fails.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Audio Visual Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Stunting di Puskesmas Rawasari Kota Jambi Tahun 2019
Authors: Rini Willia Novita Eka
Published: March 2021

Latar belakang: Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis yang muncul sebagai akibat dari keadaan kurang gizi yang terakumulasi dalam waktu yang cukup lama. Stunting berdampak pada tingkat kecerdasan, kerentanan terhadap penyakit, dan menurunkan produktifitas. Untuk itu perlu adanya upaya pencegahan stunting melalui kegiatan promosi kesehatan yaitu dengan menggunakan media audiovisual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media audiovisual terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan ibu di Puskesmas Rawasari Kota jambi Tahun 2019. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quassy experimental dengan rancangan one group pretest-posttest design. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rawasari Kota Jambi dari bulan Juni-Juli 2019. Jumlah sampel dalam pnelitian ini sebanyak 40 sampel. Data diperoleh secara langsung wawancara responden dan pengukuran tingkat pengetahuan ibu sebelum dan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan menggunakan media audio visual. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji t- berpasangan. Hasil: Distribusi umur balita <2 tahun 24 responden (60%), jenis kelamin balita perempuan sebesar 25 orang (62,5%), dan respoden yang bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga sebesar 30 orang (75%). Dari 40 orang responden, 20% responden memiliki pengetahuan baik pada saat pretest dan meningkat menjadi 55% responden pada saat posttest, 25% responden memiliki pengetahuan cukup tentang stunting pada saat pretest dan meningkat menjadi 32,5% responden pada saat posttest, 55% responden memiliki pengetahuan kurang pada saat pretest dan menurun menjadi 12,5% responden pada saat posttest. Hasil uji statistik menunukan ada perbedaan signifikan tingkat pengetahuan ibu sebelum dan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan tentang stunting dengan media audiovisual ditunjukan dengan nilai p = 0.000.Kata Kunci : stunting, pengetahuan, media audio visual
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Di Puskesmas X Kota Jambi
Authors: Christiani Nababan Merry , Listiawaty Renny , Berliana Novi
Published: March 2021

Abstrak

Kualitas pelayanan kesehatan sangat berhubungan erat dengan kepuasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan dan analisis (harapan dan kenyataan) kualitas pelayanan kesehatan di Puskesmas X Kota Jambi Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 96 orang. metode pengambilan sampel dengan accidental sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 3 Februari sampai dengan tanggal 8 Februari. Instrument penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan analisis Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) yakni dengan menggunakan Diagram Kartesius. Hasil penelitian diketahui tingkat kesesuain anatara kenyataan dan harapan berdasarkan lima dimensi mutu pada dimensi Kehandalan (Reliability) 97,3 %, dimensi Daya Tanggap (Responsiveness) 95,75 %, dimensi Jaminan (Assurance) 95,06 %, dimensi Empati (Emphaty) 93.18 % dan dimensi Bukti Fisik (Tangible) 95,94 %. Berdasarkan  hasil studi disarankan agar melakukan evaluasi secara rutin setiap 6 bulan, perbaikan dengan memberikan pelatihan dan kerjasama dengan petugas dalam peningkatan kualitas pelayanan yang berfokus pada kepuasan pasien. 

Kata Kunci: Kepuasan, Dimensi Mutu
Studi Kualitatif : Faktor Predisposisi Sebagai Upaya Pencarian Pengobatan Pada Komunitas Adat Terpencil Di Desa Bukit Suban, Air Hitam Sarolangun, Jambi, Indonesia
Authors: Guspianto Guspianto , Asparian Asparian , Wisudariani Evy
Published: March 2021

Abstrak

Perilaku individu atau kelompok dalam upaya pencarian pengobatan sangat bervariasi  yang dipengaruhi oleh jumlah sarana, jenis, metode serta peralatan pelayanan kesehatan yang tersedia. Pada Komunitas Adat Terpencil (KAT) atau Suku Anak Dalam terlihat memiliki keunikan khusus dalam pencarian pengobatan, tentunya  menjadi fokus tenaga kesehatan dalam mengupayakan kesehatan masyarakat yang optimal. Selain itu, dari segi pola hidup dan hukum, KAT sangat patuh terhadap aturan adat dan tabu-tabu yang mengatur perilaku mereka dengan begitu ketat termasuk perilaku pencarian pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor predisposisi KAT dalam upaya pencarian pengobatan. Studi Kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam pada bulan April-September 2019. Informan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Tokoh Masyarakat "Tumenggung", dukun dan petugas kesehatan. Upaya pencarian pengobatan yang dilakukan masyarakat Desa Bukit Suban yaitu Mengobati sendiri (self treatment), Pengobatan tradisional (traditional remedy) dan mencari pengobatan ke unit fasilitas kesehatan. Masyarakat juga masih menganut kepercayaan terhadap penyembuhan penyakit melalui jampi-jampi dan benda-benda yang dianggap sebagai pelindung, serta dewa harimau sebagai roh nenek moyang. Perlunya mengoptimalkan program pelayanan kesehatan yang merata, meningkatkan koordinasi dengan tokoh masyarakat 'Tumenggung' dan rutin dalam mengedukasi masyarakat KAT guna meningkatkan pemahaman dalam meningkatkan derajat kesehatan.

Kata Kunci : Pengobatan, Komunitas Adat Terpencil, Prediposisi
Katveen varjon sanominen koreografisena kirjoittamisena
Authors: Leena Rouhiainen  , Kirsi Heimonen
Published: March 2021

Esittelemme tässä ekspositiossa kehittämäämme paikkasidonnaista koreografista kirjoittamista, jonka ytimessä on vieraan kohtaaminen. Keskeistä kohtaamisessa on alttiiksi asettuminen ja mykän kohtaaminen, joka murtaa totunnaisen aikakäsityksen. Kerromme yhteistyömme lähtökohdista ja kuvaamme luomaamme koreografista kehystä sekä esitämme näistä kehkeytyneen koreografian. Tukeutuen filosofi Emmanuel Levinasin ajatteluun pohdimme myös vieraan ja katveen kohtaamisen ja ilmaisemisen luonnetta ja sen merkitystä niin koreografisessa kirjoittamisessa kuin taiteessa yleisemminkin. Ekspositio sisältää tutkimustekstiä, valokuvia ja koreografista kirjoittamista.
PERSPECTIVES TO A LIVING DESIGN MEDIUM: First encounters with a fermented indigo vat
Authors: Pirita Hanneli Lauri
Published: March 2021

This exposition presents a traditional process of indigo vat dyeing. A fermented indigo vat is an ancient method of dyeing textiles. The process is based on bacterial action, which means that the vat is alive: it is a living design medium. With living design medium, is referred to all material production or means of modification that incorporate simple living organisms such as bacteria. A living design medium also includes and implies a designer perspective.

Biomaterials and biotechnology-based manufacturing methods, often involving living organisms, are increasingly entering the designers’ workspace. This will affect design practices, especially in the more material-centric domains, such as fashion and textile. This study aims to investigate the ‘being’ of a living design medium. However, instead of looking at new biotechnologies or biomaterials, this paper turns to one of the world’s oldest traditions of textile modification, the fermented indigo vat dyeing. By choosing a fresh (or rather ancient) context, this study contributes a new perspective to the ongoing discourse on (bio)materiality.

The article reflects on the practice of indigo vat dyeing from a new materialistic stance. Data consists of self-documentation and reflective writings from and of a dyeing workshop (2019) and experiences of maintaining a fermented indigo vat at home for six months (2020). Data is analysed in hermeneutical iteration and presented through different metaphorical perspectives: the vat as a spirit, the vat as a tool, the vat as a child, and the vat as a living medium.

The main points of the discussion are (1) Indigo practices create awareness of worldly connectedness; in dyeing, I communicate with the whole of the ancient tradition and all of its practitioners. Relationship between dyer and indigo to transcends time and space. (2) While vat dyeing is appreciated as a challenging tool that dyers want to engage with and master, this risks reducing the meaning to its purpose. (3) The use of metaphor-full language within indigo practices grants agency to the vat for practical means; it works as a way to guide us towards interaction within the living medium. (4) The concept of a living medium, as proposed here, draws from Gilles Deleuze and Tim Ingold: it exists in a world of constant becoming and describing it aims to grasp the material flux of the world in its unfolding.
Myths, beliefs, and conspiracies about COVID-19 Vaccines in Sindh, Pakistan: An online cross-sectional survey
Authors: Abbas Qamar , Mangrio Fatima , Kumar Sunil
Published: March 2021

Abstract Background Pakistan has already encountered intense opposition
to polio vaccination due to myths and misinformation, now the
unfavorable opinions of COVID-19 vaccinations among the population would
have catastrophic consequences for attempts to end the pandemic. Methods
A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the general
population of Sindh, Pakistan in January 2021. 31 items based on
vaccines availability, safety, and myths, the questionnaire was designed
and randomly distributed through a google form link. Results were
analyzed using descriptive and Chi-square tests. Results A total of 774
responses were recorded from 23 districts of Sindh, Pakistan. The
majority of participants (n=00, 00.0%) were not aware of the presence
of the COVID-19 vaccine in Pakistan. Results found the significant
relationship of conspiracies and myths with an education level of
participants, to make Muslims infertile, illiterate showed (Yes n=45,
No=27) while postgraduate (Yes n=11, No=88) (χ2 = 109.6, P>
0.000). Participants showed doubt about the safety of vaccines, (Yes n=
464, 59.9%, No= 310, 40.1%). Other responses related to side effects
of the vaccine were also highly significant, participants showed that
vaccine side effects (Yes n= 462, 59.7%, No= 312, 40.3%), Pregnant or
breastfeeding women should not get vaccinated (Yes n= 468, 59.8%, No=
311, 40.1%) and people with underlying conditions should not get
vaccinated (True n= 389, 50.3%, False= 385, 49.7%). Conclusion The
proportion of varying public doubts in vaccines’ safety and efficacy and
the presence of myths, conspiracies will be a major barrier to vaccine
uptake.
Comentário: Echocardiographic Characterization of Female Professional Basketball Players in the US
Authors:   Hospital da Luz Lisboa. Human Performance Department – Sport Lisboa e Benfica. NOVA Medical School. Lisboa, Dores Hélder
Published: March 2021

Este estudo publicado no JAMA Cardiology, por Shames S e colegas, teve como objetivo principal avaliar a estrutura e a função cardíaca por ecocardiograma transtorácico em basquetebolistas do género feminino. A sua relevância prende-se com a escassez de dados sobre a remodelagem cardíaca nestas atletas, sub-representadas nos estudos prévios, comparativamente a atletas do género masculino. A ausência de valores de referência, especificamente em basquetebolistas e atletas com área de superficial corporal (ASC) semelhante, dificulta o diagnóstico diferencial entre remodelagem fisiológica e patológica, sobretudo miocardiopatias.
Metacognition of Junior High School Students in Mathematics Problem Solving Based on Cognitive Style
Authors: - Sutama , Anif Sofyan , Prayitno Harun Joko , Narimo Sabar , Fuadi Djalal , Sari Diana Purwita , Adnan Mazlini
Published: March 2021

The main target of the current study is to explain the metacognition of junior high school students with Field Independent (FI) and Field Dependent (FD) cognitive styles in mathematics problem-solving. It should be noted that the statistical population of this study was all junior high school students in the Sragen regency in the 2018/2019 academic year. To reach the research purpose, different instruments such as the cognitive style tests, the problem-solving exercises, and the interview guidance were used. Data analysis was carried out by data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results indicated that the students who have field-independent cognitive style had high self-confidence that they were able to solve the problem correctly, able to do planning steps, able to make important decisions for themselves, so they can solve the problem properly. Students with FD cognitive style are completely confident that their answer is correct, but they have not yet clarified the steps they need to solve their problems and have not yet focused on their shortcomings in mathematics problem solving, so their task results in mathematics problem-solving incorrectness answer.

 

Keywords: Cognitive style; Mathematics problem solving; Metacognition
Cyber Aggression-Victimization Among Malaysians Youth
Authors: Yusuf Sarina , Mohamed Al-Majdhoub Fatima , Mubin Nur Nadia , Hafiz Chaniago Rizky , Khan Fazal Rahim
Published: March 2021

The usage of the Internet and other related technologies has never been without any consequences. One such consequence is what commonly referred to as cyber aggression, a new form of abusing someone online, which has become a new growing problem in today's society. Cyber aggression offers convenient opportunities to humiliate, bully, or harass another person online. Global studies on cyber aggression found that youths who were aggressed online are reported feeling depressed, anxious, afraid, showing poor academic performance, experiencing eating disorders, and substance abuse usages such as drugs and alcohol. On that account, the study aims to investigate the interrelationships between predictive factors namely peer attachment, parental attachment, exposure to the Internet and cyber aggression-victimization among youths. The renowned general aggression model (GAM) is applied to understand the phenomenon. A sample of 430 urban youths aged between 13 and 18 years living within Klang Valley area were randomly selected to participate in the study. Data were gathered through a self-report questionnaire and later analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. The results revealed several noteworthy findings; the majority of respondents made use of the Internet approximately 7 to 21 hours per day especially during weekends with surfing social media being the major purpose, followed by entertainment and playing online games. A relatively significant number of youths are engaged with cyber victimization through written-verbal and online exclusion. Finally, the structural path analysis indicates that the Internet exposure is the strongest predictor associated with cyber aggression-victimization. Based on these findings, the implications and recommendations for future investigations with reference to the current theoretical framework and empirical findings on cyber aggression-victimization are thoroughly discussed.

Keywords: Cyber aggression, Cyberbullying, Internet exposure, Klang Valley, Parental and peer attachment, Victimization, Youth.
An Analysis on the Implementation of Professional Learning Communities in Malaysian Secondary Schools
Authors: Abdull Kareem Omar , Mei Kin Tai
Published: March 2021

The main objective of the study was to examine the implementation of Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) in Malaysian secondary schools. The study was conducted by using quantitative method whereby a total of 971 principals, senior assistants and teachers were involved in the survey. The descriptive statistical analysis was employed to obtain scores and means whereas the t-test and ANOVA were adopted to test the significance of the concerned variables. The result revealed that, i) the schools were rated as Quite Good in practising PLCs; ii) comparing the two dimensions of PLCs, Organizational Factor achieved a higher mean score than Non-organizational Factor; iii) among all the sub-dimensions, Principals’ Commitment and Support achieved the highest whereas External Support System achieved the lowest mean score. The study summarized that although contextual factors such as decentralized school system, the policy environment and teachers’ workload are potential factors that might impact the development of PLCs, the incompetence of the teachers in practising Collaborative Learning, Collective Inquiry and Reflective Dialogue would significantly hinder their professional practices in PLCs. The study offers an analysis in exploring PLCs towards sustained school improvement and may help move the current available literature to a more coherent, theoretical perspective for practical engagement.

 

Keywords: Collective inquiry, External support system, Principals’ commitment and support, Professional learning communities, Reflective dialogue
Assigning Examination Invigilator's Schedule Problem: An Approach of Programming Techniques Using Simple Sequential Assignment
Authors: Othman Jamal , Abdul Wahab Naemah , Kadar Rozita , NizamWarris Saiful
Published: March 2021

Preparation of examination invigilation schedule is a tedious and challenging tasks. It is impossible to satisfy all invigilators or proctors with the invigilation schedules prepared. The examination committees have to analyze and thoroughly checks all constraints submitted by the invigilators. Formerly, the process of assignments and deciding the best slot for invigilation will usually take a couple of weeks and all these processes are done manually. This paper proposes a programming technique using simple sequential approach to assign the invigilators on the proper examination slot without any conflicts or clashes aligned with the list of constraints and parameters. This simple tools or systems has been developed to help the examination committee to reduce the time taken for invigilation schedule preparation, avoid erroneous of incorrect assignment of invigilators and increase the satisfaction amongst invigilators with the invigilation schedule assigned. However, this tool is only a supplementary support in invigilation assignment process and the manual changes by considering human touch factors are still considered to produce friendly and empathy worthy invigilation schedules.
Pensamiento complejo, infancia y educación
Authors: Bohórquez Olaya Claudia Inés , Pulido Cortés Oscar , Suárez Vaca María Teresa , Lara Buitrago Paola Andrea , Cañizalez Mesa Natalia Elizabeth , Castro Patarroyo Lizeth Ximena , Cruz Vargas Iván Darío , Mariño Díaz Liliana Andrea , Patiño Cuervo Daniela
Published: March 2021

La educación constituye la gran apuesta y el desafío de la sociedad por un mundo mejor. Desde su naturaleza, la educación supone un cambio en el sujeto que trasciende los planos del saber, el hacer y el ser, exponiendo hoy la necesidad del desarrollo de su saber hacer y su saber ser. Así, la educación está llamada a abordar y a ser abordada desde la complejidad del conocimiento, del individuo y del contexto en que éste se desenvuelve. Inevitablemente, el modelo educativo, las prácticas pedagógicas y el concepto de la calidad educativa deben evolucionar, generando metodologías e instrumentos novedosos que garanticen la formación integral del educando y su participación activa en la transformación de la sociedad. Consagrada como un derecho fundamental, la educación alcanza diferentes roles según la óptica desde la cual se observa: es formación en conocimientos, es derecho y deber, es servicio público, es medio y fin. La educación está presente en el desarrollo humano a lo largo de la vida, pero adquiere especial importancia en la infancia, momento en que el individuo no sólo construye las bases de la estructura de su pensamiento, sino que también se aproxima por primera vez a la realidad que le rodea, tan compleja como su naturaleza misma. Por ello, desafíos como la pertinencia educativa, la comunicación entre disciplinas y la superación de los vacíos de conocimiento que persisten, han conllevado a cuestionar la especialización como enfoque educativo, sugiriendo la necesidad de flexibilizar los saberes. Específicamente, la educación de la infancia demanda un modelo educativo apoyado en el pensamiento complejo, que no desligue el saber de la experiencia, que propicie en el niño la generación de estrategias de autoaprendizaje a través de las cuales comprenda su entorno y adopte una posición crítica frente a éste.
Association between antimicrobial treatment of subclinical pneumonia in foals and selection of macrolide- and rifampicin-resistant Rhodococcus equi strains at horse-breeding farms in central Kentucky
Authors: Huber Laura , Giguère Steeve , Hart Kelsey A. , Slovis Nathan M. , Greiter Maggie E. , Dailey Cody A. , Cohen Noah D.
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE

To compare soil concentrations of macrolide- and rifampicin-resistant Rhodococcus equi strains (MRRE) on horse-breeding farms that used thoracic ultrasonographic screening (TUS) to identify foals with subclinical pneumonia combined with subsequent administration of macrolides and rifampin to affected foals (TUS farms) versus soil concentrations on farms that did not (non-TUS farms), determine whether the combined use of TUS and antimicrobial treatment of subclinically affected foals was associated with soil concentration of MRRE, and assess whether there were temporal effects on soil concentrations of MRRE during the foaling season.

SAMPLES

720 soil samples and 20 completed questionnaires from 20 horse-breeding farms (10 TUS farms and 10 non-TUS farms) in central Kentucky.

PROCEDURES

A questionnaire was used to gather information from participating farms about their 2019 foaling season. Soil samples were collected during January, March, May, and July 2019 for bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to identify any isolates of MRRE. Results were compared for TUS farms versus non-TUS farms. Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to evaluate for potential associations between the soil concentration of MRRE and the use of TUS.

RESULTS

Overall, the sum of the mean soil concentrations of MRRE was significantly higher for TUS farms (8.85 log10-transformed CFUs/g) versus non-TUS farms (7.37 log10-transformed CFUs/g).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Our findings indicated that farms that use TUS to identify foals with subclinical pneumonia for antimicrobial treatment select for antimicrobial-resistant R equi strains. Because prognosis is worse for foals infected with resistant versus nonresistant strains of R equi, prudent use of antimicrobials to treat foals with subclinical pulmonary lesions attributed to R equi is recommended.
Clinical features, treatment, and outcome of aural hematomas in horses: 7 cases (2008–2019)
Authors: Boorman Sophie , Boone Lindsey H. , White Amelia
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE

To characterize the clinical features, treatment, and outcome of aural hematomas in horses.

ANIMALS

7 horses with 1 or 2 aural hematomas (8 ears in total) treated at a veterinary teaching hospital in 2008 through 2019.

PROCEDURES

Data retrieved from medical records included signalment, pertinent historical information, clinical signs, diagnostic procedures (including dermatologic assessment), and treatments. Case outcome was determined from documentation in the medical record or via telephone communication with owners or referring veterinarians.

RESULTS

3 horses were presented after recurrence of aural hematoma following treatment by the referring veterinarian. Four horses had a history of allergic skin disease prior to aural hematoma development. Most (6/7) horses were unilaterally affected. Diagnostic assessments included otoscopic evaluation (3 horses), ultrasonography (3 horses), cytologic examination of ear canal swab samples (3 horses), and histologic examination of a pinnal biopsy specimen (1 horse). Of the 8 pinnae, 2 were treated by nonsurgical needle drainage (1 with concurrent corticosteroid injection) and the remaining 6 underwent surgical incision and placement of compressive sutures. Follow-up information was available for 6 horses, and all affected pinnae were fibrotic with 4 horses having permanent drooping of the pinna. One horse developed a hematoma in the contralateral pinna 1 year after hospital discharge.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Equine aural hematoma is a rare condition. The main principle of treatment is drainage, and treatment options commonly used in small animal practice can be successfully applied in horses. Permanent changes in the cosmetic appearance of the pinna are likely to develop owing to secondary fibrosis.
Lif takviyeli pirinç kabuğu külü ikameli beyaz çimentolu harçların bazı mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesi
Authors: AYGÖRMEZ Yurdakul
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada Beyaz Çimento (PC CEM I 52.5 R) ile pirinç kabuğu külünün ikamesi (ağırlıkça %5, %15 ve %25 oranında) araştırılmıştır. Bu şekilde CO2 salınımı azaltılması ve maliyetin düşürülmesi amaçlanırken mekanik özellikler de araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca en yüksek dayanıma sahip %15 oranında pirinç kabuğu külü ikameli çimento harçlarında polivinil alkol (PVA) ve bazalt (B) lifleri hacimce %0.5, %1 ve %1.5 oranında kullanılmıştır. Bu şekilde üretilen 10 serinin 7 ve 28 günlük basınç ve eğilme dayanımı sonuçları incelenmiştir. Ayrıca yüksek sıcaklık etkisini görmek için 200, 400 ve 600 °C sıcaklıklar uygulanmıştır. Yüksek sıcaklık sonrası basınç ve eğilme dayanımı ve ağırlık kayıpları bulunurken oluşan görsel durum incelenmiştir. Ayrıca yüksek sıcaklık öncesi ve sonrası Mikro Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (Micro-CT) analizleri yapılmıştır. 7 ve 28 günlük sonuçlar incelendiğinde %15 oranında pirinç kabuğu külü ikamesine kadar dayanım artışı görülmüştür. Puzolanik özellik gösteren pirinç kabuğu külü bu oranda kullanılmasıyla çimentolu sistemlerde oluşturduğu fiziko-kimyasal etkisi sebebi ile dayanım özellikleri üzerinde artış oluşturmaktadır. Yüksek SiO2+Al2O3 oranına (%81.27) sahip puzolan içeren çimento harcında uzun dönemli dayanım da artış göstermektedir. Kısa dönemde ise doğal puzolanın özgül yüzey alanı (incelik) dayanım açısında birinci derecede etkili olmaktadır. Daha yüksek oranda kullanılmasıyla ise işlenebilirliğin düşmesi mekanik özellikleri azaltmıştır. Liflerin kullanılmasıyla eğilme dayanımında sürekli artış olmuştur. Basınç dayanımı sonuçları ise %1 oranına kadar artış gösterirken daha yüksek oranda kümelenme nedeniyle azalış olmuştur. Yüksek sıcaklıklardan sonra tahribatlar nedeniyle dayanım değerlerinde düşüş oluşmuş fakat kayıplara rağmen çimento harçları stabilitesini korumuştur.
Prácticas disruptivas en la medicina regenerativa y la terapia celular: de la heteronormatividad de laboratorio a la emergencia de nuevas exclusiones bioeconómicas
Authors:   Universidad de Oviedo (España), Miranda Suárez María José
Published: March 2021

Innovations in regenerative medicine and cell therapy have made possible multiple breakings in the laws and paradigms that determined the beginnings of 20th century biology. The destabilisation of categories and heteronormative dichotomies that demarcated this science made possible the irruption of studies that separated genetic research from sex. Even so, the current implementation of these techno-scientific developments produce other types of exclusion mechanisms we will analyse from a bio-economic point of view: from the reinforcement of the conditions of vulnerability of women donors, to the support of therapeutic promises that semiotically disconnect the contexts of uncertainty of these technologies or the implementation of a performative understanding of health in terms of individual consumption.
Mujeres en la pantalla: la bruja feminista en Chilling Adventures of Sabrina
Authors:   Instituto Franklin de la Universidad de Alcalá (España), Álvarez-Trigo Laura
Published: March 2021

The witch figure in popular culture has often been a symbol associated with subversion and women’s independence. Based on Matilda Joslyn Gage’s exploration of the role of Church and State on the limitation of women’s freedom, and Silvia Federici’s work on the prosecution of the witches as patriarchal oppression, I investigate the ability of the TV show Chilling Adventures of Sabrina (CAOS) to construct a feminist identity from its protagonist’s witchcraft. Also considering previous research on women’s representation in media, this article analyzes structures of power, as well as the representation of sexuality and sorority in CAOS, with the goal of elucidating if, by focusing on individual concerns, the show casts aside a deeper exploration of patriarchal oppression.
Reformulating the Riot Grrrl Movement: Space and Sisterhood in Kathleen Hanna’s Lyrics
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco (España), Alonso Alconada Soraya
Published: March 2021

Music has become a crucial domain to discuss issues such as gender, identities and equality. With this study I aim at carrying out a feminist critical discourse analysis of the lyrics by American singer and songwriter Kathleen Hanna (1968-), a pioneer within the underground punk culture and head figure of the Riot Grrrl movement. Covering relevant issues related to women’s conditions, Hanna’s lyrics put gender issues at the forefront and become a significant means to claim feminism in the underground. In this study I pay attention to the instances in which Hanna’s lyrics in Bikini Kill and Le Tigre exhibit a reading of sisterhood and space and by doing so, I will discuss women’s invisibility in underground music and broaden the social and cultural understanding of this music
The usefulness of temporary balloon occlusion during transarterial embolization for scalp arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Kawano Dai , Fukuda Kenji , Fukumoto Hironori , Horio Yoshinobu , Takahara Masaki , Abe Hiroshi , Higashi Toshio , Inoue Tooru
Published: March 2021

Background:

We present two cases of scalp arteriovenous fistula (sAVF) treated by transarterial embolization with the aid of a temporary balloon occlusion (TBO) to detect precise vasculature.

Case Description:

Case 1: A 59-year-old woman noticed a sudden onset of pulsating bruits. sAVF was fed by the right superficial temporal artery (STA) and drained to the right superficial temporal vein. We performed feeder occlusion using coils after the recognition of a single feeder and a single fistula using TBO. Case 2: A 42-year-old woman noticed a pulsating subcutaneous mass. sAVF was fed by the right occipital artery (OA) and drained to the right occipital vein (OV). We could detect another feeder of the right STA after the TBO of the OA. We performed transarterial feeder occlusion for STA and OA using coil and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylat including OV and shunt point, because this case was a single fistula with multiple feeders.

Conclusion:

sAVFs are a relatively rare disease with a complex vascular structure. For the adequate transarterial approach, TBO was useful for detecting the precise vasculature of sAVF.