bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
College Peer Mentoring and Students With Intellectual Disability: Mentors' Perspectives on Relationship Dynamics
Authors: Culnane Mary , Eisenman Laura T. , Murphy Aideen
Published: December 2016

College programs for students with intellectual disability frequently engage peer mentors to promote students' social connections on campus. The qualitative study discussed in this article was conducted to explore, from mentors' perspectives, how mentor/mentee relationships developed, how mentors offered supports, and how mentors facilitated membership into the campus community. Using Pawson's (2004) conceptual framework, mentoring relationships were analyzed in regard to status, reference group, and mentoring mechanisms. Mentors perceived themselves as well-positioned to facilitate their partners becoming college insiders. They used coaching and direction setting to support mentees, and identified factors that appeared to facilitate or hinder shifts in mentee status, including their own beliefs and skills, role conflicts, and person-centered thinking. Implications for supporting peer mentors and refining program theory are also discussed.
TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA DE TANQUE DE RESFRIAMENTO DE LEITE: REMOÇÃO DE DBO E DQO
Authors: Saraiva Claudety Barbosa , Paiva Paulo Henrique Costa
Published: December 2016

O trabalho teve como objetivo utilizar sistemas alagados construídos de escoamento horizontal superficial (SACsEHSS) para tratamento de água residuária de tanque de resfriamento de leite, avaliando as suas respectivas eficiências em função das taxas de remoção de DBO e DQO. Os tratamentos atingiram uma eficiência relativamente elevada na remoção da DBO, mas não atenderam o padrão estabelecido pela legislação para o lançamento de efluentes em corpos d’água. No entanto, em relação à DQO todos os tratamentos apresentaram DQO dentro do limite estabelecido pela legislação.
Dos danos sociais
Authors: Friede Reis , Aragão Luciano
Published: December 2016

Pretende-se com o presente estudo fomentar o debate doutrinário a respeito de uma nova espécie de dano, o dano social, modalidade que se diferencia do que a doutrina vem tratando como dano moral coletivo. O assunto será exposto, metodologicamente, em sessões, que versarão sobre a conceituação, a natureza jurídica, a classificação e a legitimidade para requerer o dano social e, ainda, a quantificação, a destinação da verba condenatória, a prova e o cabimento da aplicação da teoria da responsabilidade objetiva.
A tutela de evidência no novo código de processo civil
Authors: Scheidt Emiliane
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo tem como área de estudo o Direito Processual Civil, sendo que a pesquisa possui como objetivo a análise da Tutela de Evidência prevista no Novo Código de Processo Civil. Sob essa perspectiva, o trabalho está direcionado, predominantemente, em doutrina, que aborda as principais disposições gerais aplicáveis às Tutelas Provisórias e, em seguida, especificamente, ao tratamento que é dado à Tutela Provisória de Evidência, observando-se a nova sistemática processual civil. Ainda assim, a celeridade processual, a razoável duração do processo e a eficiência, são princípios que buscam dar efetividade aos comandos judiciais, para que seja possível a prestação da tutela juris dicional que satisfaça o interesse das partes. Nesta ótica, as Tutelas Provisórias previstas no Novo Código de Processo Civil possuem como objetivo a entrega do bem da vida em tempo, já que a demora natural da tramitação de um processo pode, em determinados casos, inviabilizar a entrega da tutela jurisdicional invocada a contento das partes. Pretende-se, com o presente trabalho, a ampliação dos estudos sobre o instituto da Tutela Provisória de Evidência, não tendo por finalidade esgotar todos os aspectos nesse âmbito.
Stalking: criminalização necessária sob a indubitável afronta ao direito fundamental à vida privada
Authors: Machado Jessika Silva , Mombach Patrícia Ribeiro
Published: December 2016

O direito fundamental à vida privada consubstancia-se importante ao próprio desenvolvimento humano. Contudo, ao longo do tempo vem sofrendo ameaças que atualmente ganharam intensidade e se mostram mais comuns e devastadoras, face aos avanços tecnológicos. Nesse quadro de violação, existe a prática do stalking, ação na qual o agente persegue sua vítima, de forma reiterada ou continuada, causando-lhe medo e atentando contra sua integridade psicológica ou física, além de invadir sua privacidade. Todavia, esta perseguição não é crime no Brasil, apenas pune-se como contravenção penal. Necessária, no entanto, sua criminalização.
A (in)aplicabilidade do princípio da anterioridade da lei tributária à norma revogadora de isenção fiscal
Authors: Pazeto Matheus Lolli
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo tem como objetivo debater a aplicabilidade ou não do princípio da anterioridade da lei tributária à norma que revoga uma isenção fiscal. O princípio da anterioridade, como limitação ao poder de tributar, mostra-se importante no Sistema Tributário Nacional para garantir o direito de os contribuintes planejarem seus negócios e atividades. Os benefícios fiscais, entendidos como reduções ou supressões da carga tributária visando a mudança comportamental dos sujeitos passivos, normalmente a fim de fomentar o desenvolvimento econômico, abrangem, dentre eles, a isenção. A isenção é sempre concedida por meio de lei do ente que detém a competência para instituir o tributo, estando alocada no Código Tributário Nacional como causa de exclusão do crédito tributário. Em sede doutrinária, formaram-se, acerca de sua natureza, teorias envolvendo sua incidência nos planos fático e jurídico. A mais clássica entende que isenção é a dispensa legal do pagamento do tributo. Esta teoria tem pautado a corrente que defende a inaplicabilidade do princípio da anterioridade tributária à lei que revogue ou diminua uma isenção, posição que se mostrou tradicional na jurisprudência do STF. Outra teoria sustenta que o preceito isentante tem por fim negar a existência da relação jurídico tributária, atingindo a regra-matriz de incidência tributária. Em recente decisão, o STF promoveu novo entendimento e decidiu pela aplicabilidade do princípio da anterioridade tributária à lei que reduza um benefício fiscal. Esta decisão suscita o debate sobre a adoção de uma outra postura pela Suprema Corte frente ao tema, com a adoção da segunda teoria formulada em torno da natureza da isenção.
Alimentos no pacto antenupcial: breves considerações
Authors: Cardoso Fabiana Domingues
Published: December 2016

O artigo introduz, em formato de considerações, a possibilidade de se constituir cláusula no pacto antenupcial que verse sobre alimentos (pensão alimentícia), na hipótese de rompimento da sociedade conjugal, considerando tal pensionamento como sendo aquele destinado aos cônjuges, bem como à prole. O debate perpassa sobre as polêmicas que circundam o tema, como o conteúdo extrapatrimonial e patrimonial dos contratos pré-nupciais e ainda, aborda se é possível ou não clausular sobre o pensionamento, apontando a posição doutrinária a respeito. Pontua-se, ademais, a questão da renúncia dos alimentos e a imprescindível análise do binômio alimentar sobre a possibilidade do alimentante e a necessidade do alimentando no momento da fixação do quantum pensional, seja judicialmente, ou ainda no pacto antenupcial. E, por fim, enfrenta a discussão sobre a execução e a efetividade dos alimentos eventualmente clausulados e fixados no contrato de casamento, tudo sob a égide da doutrina e jurisprudência.
O regime diferenciado de contratações públicas e um novo panorama licitatório no Brasil
Authors: Corrêa Cristina Bertoncini , Da Silva Roberta Zumblick
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo científico trata do Regime Diferenciado de Contratações Públicas (RDC) no Brasil. O seu objetivo principal é estudar solução diferenciada para o regime licitatório brasileiro. Para tanto, utiliza-se a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica, com método de abordagem dedutivo, que consiste na aplicação de regras na pesquisa jurídica para se chegar a uma conclusão, partindo-se de premissas gerais – licitação pública – para verificar seus desdobramentos, ou seja, um novo regime licitatório consagrado no Regime Diferenciado de Contratações Públicas. Para atingir esse escopo, inicialmente, realiza-se análise histórica da Licitação no Brasil. Em seguida, aborda-se sobre o Regime Diferenciado (RDC). Após, traz-se à baila suas principais características e inovações. Porém, conclui-se que só a mudança na legislação não é o suficiente para a mudança no comportamento da Administração Pública, o que se pressupõe, se dará, paulatina mente, com a inserção desse novo regime nas Administrações.
The Rhetoric and Reality of the Trans-Pacific Partnership: A View from China
Authors: Sit Tsui , Erebus Wong , Lau Kin Chi , Wen Tiejun
Published: December 2016

Since announcing its foreign policy "pivot to Asia" shortly after the election of Barack Obama, the United States has made extensive use of its institutional and discursive power to encourage denationalization among developing countries whose economies chiefly rely on manufacturing and trade—part of its global strategic goal of expanding the hegemony of finance capital at the lowest possible cost. The development of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TTP) is a case in point. This article analyzes the TPP's strategy in targeting China, pointing out that the TPP is a battle for the terms of economic development and discourse in the twenty-first century, as well as an illustration of the ideology of technocracy and soft power. Lastly, we criticize the TPP's erosion of economic sovereignty, which would effectively relegate the economies of developing countries to a form of semi-colonial extraterritoriality.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Bridging the Gap between Aristotle’s Use and Theory of Metaphora
Authors: Vega Margarita
Published: December 2016

This paper addresses alleged contradictions between the use and theory of
Connections. Collaboration. Community.
Authors: Behrens-Neumann Renate , Gömpel Renate , Junger Ulrike , Meyer-Heß Anke
Published: December 2016

Vom 13. bis 19. August 2016 hat in Columbus, Ohio, der Weltkongress Bibliothek und Information, die 82. IFLA-Generalkonferenz stattgefunden. In diesem Beitrag berichten Kolleginnen der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek über die Veranstaltungen der Sektionen Bibliografie, Katalogisierung, Subject Analysis and Access sowie Nationalbibliotheken.
Bemühungen um ein Bibliotheksgesetz für Niedersachsen
Authors: Haas Lothar
Published: December 2016

Der Beitrag beschreibt das mühsame Agieren zweier Organisationen der Zivilgesellschaft für ein Bibliotheksgesetz. Der Erfolg ist noch nicht da, aber auch nicht ausgeschlossen. Die Verbände versuchen, Landtagsfraktionen, Abgeordnete und Landesregierung zu bewegen, sich zugunsten eines Bibliotheksgesetzes zu entscheiden. Als sie nicht weiterkommen, legen sie selbst einen ausgearbeiteten Entwurf mit Begründung vor. Die Kontakte mit Abgeordneten werden von der Frage bestimmt, ob ein Kulturfördergesetz einem Bibliotheksgesetz vorzuziehen ist. Die Abgeordneten fragen schließlich, ob sich die bereits bestehenden Bibliotheksgesetze als praktisch wirksam erwiesen hätten. Die Frage kann, vor allem mit Blick auf das Gesetzgebungsverfahren zur Verlängerung des Hessischen Bibliotheksgesetzes, positiv beantwortet werden. Die politische Folgerung für Niedersachsen steht noch aus.
StegHash: New Method for Information Hiding in Open Social Networks
Authors: Szczypiorski Krzysztof
Published: December 2016

In this paper a new method for information hiding in open social networks is introduced. The method, called StegHash, is based on the use of hashtags in various open social networks to connect multimedia files (like images, movies, songs) with embedded hidden messages. The evaluation of the system was performed on two social media services (Twitter and Instagram) with a simple environment as a proof of concept. The experiments proved that the initial idea was correct, thus the proposed system could create a completely new area of threats in social networks.
Utilization Balancing Algorithms for Dynamic Multicast Scheduling Problem in EON
Authors: Markowski Marcin
Published: December 2016

Dynamic data transfer demands are often being a challenge for present communication networks, as they appear in unpredictable time and must be satisfied prior to deadline. Important kind are the multi-target demands occurring in task of replication, backup, database synchronization or file transferring in pear-to-pear networks. Optimal scheduling usually depends of the nature of transport network. In the paper dynamic deadline-driven multicast scheduling problem over elastic optical network is considered. Particularly, the method for improving link utilization by traffic balance for multicast demands is proposed. Few heuristic algorithms and results of experiments, proving the benefits of balancing concept are presented
Quadrature Mapping, Saleh’s Representation, and Memory Models
Authors: Borys Andrzej
Published: December 2016

In the literature, Saleh’s description of the AM/AM and AM/PM conversions occurring in communication power amplifiers (PAs) is classified as a representation without memory. We show here that this view must be revised. The need for such revision follows from the fact that the Saleh’s representation is based on the quadrature mapping which, as we show here, can be expanded in a Volterra series different from an usual Taylor series. That is the resulting Volterra series possesses the nonlinear impulse responses in form of sums of ordinary functions and multidimensional Dirac impulses multiplied by coefficients being real numbers. This property can be also expressed, equivalently, by saying that the nonlinear transfer functions associated with the aforementioned Volterra series are complex-valued functions. In conclusion, the above means that the Saleh’s representation incorporates memory effects.
Zur Rolle von Asymmetrien in interkultureller Projektkommunikation
Authors: Alnajjar Justyna , Pelikan Kristina , Wassermann Marvin
Published: December 2016

Sowohl in der Wirtschaft als auch in der Wissenschaft spielen Projekte und Projektmanagement eine zunehmende Rolle. Projekte beeinflussen immer häufiger die Arbeitsstrukturen in Organisationen und wissenschaftlichen Instituten. Sie ermöglichen dynamisches, flexibles und vernetztes arbeiten, was in der heutigen Welt gefragt ist. Projektbasierte Arbeit bringt jedoch auch unterschiedliche Herausforderungen mit sich. Besonders im Falle von komplexen Projektkonstellationen, an denen Spezialisten aus verschiedenen Fachrichtungen und Ländern beteiligt sind, können strukturelle, sprachliche und kulturelle Hürden sehr groß sein. Der Artikel stellt theoretische Überlegungen zu der von der Forschung bislang vernachlässigten Beziehungsebene in der interkulturellen Projektkommunikation an und analysiert die Rolle von Asymmetrien für die projektinterne Kommunikation anhand von E-Mail-Interaktionen aus Wissenschafts- und Wirtschaftsprojekten.
Zur Verschriftung mündlich tradierter Sprachen in sozialen Netzwerken: Der Gebrauch des Tarifit auf Facebook
Authors: Tahiri Naima
Published: December 2016

It isn’t particularly difficult to use one’s own language in computer-mediated communication, when the language has a written culture. However, the situation is different, when the language is only an orally transmitted language and one wants to use it for communication in New Media. There is a lack of unified rules, to which one can orientate oneself. The native speakers of Tarifit, who want to use their language in computer-mediated communication as well (like in Facebook groups), are in such a situation. There are many Facebook groups of Rifian Berbers, but the communication within these groups is usually not only in Tarifit. In groups with cultural topics on the other hand, a dominance of Tarifit can be observed. This includes groups, which have been created specifically for the culturally typical rhyme-songs of the Rif, the so-called “izran”.

The analysed corpus of the present study originates from such a group. The initiated standardization processes for Berber in Morocco have not had any impact on the language use in social networks yet. The Berber script Tifinagh, introduced in Morocco’s education system in 2003, has never been used for communication between group members. The Arabic script is rarely used. This behavior can have different reasons, which are discussed below. It can be observed, that the Latin writing system is often chosen for the notation of Tarifit. Instead of using diacritics, the Latin characters are complemented by Arabic numerals when certain sounds have no corresponding graphemes. The choice of the writing system requires a constant assignment of graphemes to the sounds, but the notations are often characterized by the absence of uniform spelling and by neutralisations between phonemes.
Zn1–xCdxO Microtubes: Synthesis and Optical Properties Using Direct Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Al-Naser Qusay A. H. , Zhou Jian , Liu Guizhen , Wang Lin
Published: December 2016

Hexagonal Zn1–xCdxO microtubes with CdO contents (x = 0, 1, 3 and 5 %) have been successfully synthesized via direct microwave irradiation. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV–vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), and energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were employed to characterize the Zn1–xCdxO microtubes. Zn1–xCdxO microtubes have an average diameter of 140 µm, wall thickness of 2~4 µm and length of about 250 µm. UV–vis studies showed that the optical band gap of ZnO microtube (3.27 eV) was reduced to 3.20 eV for Zn0.97Cd0.03O microtube. The PL spectra showed a strong emission peak in the visible region centered at 562.88 nm with a weak UV emission has been detected for Zn0.97Cd0.03O microtube. EDS confirms the presence of Zn and O in ZnO microtube and the absence of Cd as a doping material for CdO-doped ZnO microtubes due to the small amounts of CdO concentration.
The Impact of the Reliability of Teleinformation Systems on the Quality of Transmitted Information
Authors: Stawowy Marek , Kasprzyk Zbigniew , Szmigiel Andrzej
Published: December 2016

The work describes the impact the reliability of the information quality IQ for information and communication systems. One of the components of IQ is the reliability properties such as relativity, accuracy, timeliness, completeness, consistency, adequacy, accessibility, credibility, congruence. Each of these components of IQ is independent and to properly estimate the value of IQ, use one of the methods of modeling uncertainty. In this article, we used a hybrid method that has been developed jointly by one of the authors. This method is based on the mathematical theory of evidence know as Dempstera-Shafera (DS) theory and serial links of dependent hybrid named IQ (hyb).
Bring Your Own Device - Providing Reliable Model of Data Access
Authors: Stąpór Paweł , Laskowski Dariusz
Published: December 2016

The article presents a model of Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) as a model network, which provides the user reliable access to network resources. BYOD is a model dynamically developing, which can be applied in many areas. Research network has been launched in order to carry out the test, in which as a service of BYOD model Work Folders service was used. This service allows the user to synchronize files between the device and the server. An access to the network is completed through the wireless communication by the 802.11n standard. Obtained results are shown and analyzed in this article.
Influence of Malfunctions of Selected Bus Subsystems on Bus Transportation Safety
Authors: Bojar Piotr , Woropay Maciej , Migawa Klaudiusz
Published: December 2016

This article introduces division of transport systems into land transport systems (road and rail) as well as land and water transport systems (inland and sea), depending on the type of environment in which these systems carry out their tasks. Such systems comprise the class of social engineering systems of the Man – Technological Object – Environment (M – TO – E) type. Such systems are influenced by forcing factors, leading to changes in their condition. Such factors may be divided into operational, external and anthropotechnical and they cause the degradation of the system on various levels, including a decrease of the degree of its safety. The article attempts to evaluate the safety of the operation of transport systems on the basis of the evaluation of the safety of the transport process carried out over a defined time interval Δt. The evaluation of the safety of the implemented transport process was prepared on the basis of a set of calculated index values determined depending on the type of transport.
The Lubricity and Rheological Properties of Magnetorheological Fluids
Authors: Nowiński Emil
Published: December 2016

The article presents results of tribological research carried on four ball tester and dynamic rheometer for different magnetorheological fluids. The wear test was conducted with and without magnetic field. The dynamic rheology measurement was done at wide range of velocity. The inteligent fluids differed from each other by an amount of solid phase and kind of base liquid.
Prevention of Computer Worker Health Disturbances Caused by Physical and Physiological Risk
Authors: Pille Viive , Oha Kristel , Lauri Mariliis , Tint Piia , Tuulik Varje-Riin , Tuulik Viiu , Meigas Kalju
Published: December 2016

This investigation was carried out in the frames of the Interreg 4A project “Workability and Social Inclusion” headed by the Arcada University of Applied Life. Tallinn University of Technology and Rīga Stradiņš University were involved in the project. A questionnaire based on the Nordic, WAI (Work Ability Index), and Kiva questionnaires was compiled to study psychosocial and physical working conditions at computer-equipped workplaces for 192 workers. The results showed that the computer workers assess their health status considerably high. They are optimistic in solving the problem that the monotonous work with computers will continue and believe that their health status in the future will stay at the same level using the steadily enhancing rehabilitation means. The most injured regions of the body were the right wrist and the neck. The novelty of the study consists in the graphical co-analysis of different groups of questions presented to the workers, which allows to assess the physiological and psychological factors in complex. The rehabilitation means have to be developed and the possibility for rehabilitation must be made available to the greatest possible number of workers. The workers were divided into two groups: Group A, the length of employment with computers under 10 years (included) and Group B, having been working with computers over 10 years. These groups were found to differ in the perception of psychosocial risk factors at the workplace. Group B assessments for psychosocial working conditions were better than those of group A. In group B, employees appeared to be more afraid of losing their jobs and therefore they were not so demanding for the work atmosphere as in group A.
Improvement of Workplace Ergonomics in Atrium-Type Buildings
Authors: Tint Piia , Hrenov Georgi , Siirak Virve , Traumann Ada , Kritševskaja Marina , Klauson Deniss
Published: December 2016

The aim of the study was to improve the indoor quality and ergonomics of workplaces in atrium-type buildings. The investigated atrium-type building has the atrium (15×30 metres) inside. The roof of the atrium is built from glass and there is a break between the walls and the roof. It gives the possibility for workers in rooms closed to the atrium to have some fresh air. Nevertheless, there are problems caused by shortage of natural light, high concentrations of CO2 and low room temperature in winter. The main results of the investigation were: the design of the workplaces needs to be carried out in parallel to the construction of the building; later it is difficult to improve conditions in the workplace; the air temperature in workrooms depends on the room location in the building and in winter, rooms closed to the atrium are cold; the concentration of CO2 exceed limits in rooms where windows cannot be opened. Workers are endangered by developing sick building syndrome. The concentration of dust is under the limits, but the problem of dusty air was raised by the workers. Some ergonomic improvements are possible and corresponding recommendations were given to the employers.
Politiques de la sémiotique: Flux et reflux de la critique idéologique chez A. J. Greimas
Authors: Provenzano François
Published: December 2016

L’article part d’un contraste entre deux articles de circonstance signés par Greimas en 1956 pour l’un (« Pour une sociologie du langage »), en 1980 pour l’autre (« Roland Barthes : une biographie à construire »), en montrant la modulation qu’y subissent les topiques d’un substrat marxiste du projet scientifique de la sémiotique : la conciliation entre science et idéologie et de la fonction sociale de l’intellectuel. Ces topiques sont ensuite déclinées au fil de la lecture d’autres travaux du tournant des années 1960-1970, relativement périphériques par rapport au canon de la théorie greimassienne. En témoignant d’un dialogue de la sémiotique avec ses marges disciplinaires (l’histoire, l’ethnologie, la sociolinguistique), ces travaux manifestent un ancrage fort de la réflexion de Greimas dans le terreau d’une critique idéologique historiquement située.
“Dime cómo vendes y te diré quién eres”: actividades de imagen e identidad en la publicidad de Yoigo
Authors: Vizcaíno María José García
Published: December 2016

Este trabajo analiza los anuncios de televisión y prensa de la compañía española de telefonía móvil Yoigo para explorar cómo la publicidad usa la apelación emocional para persuadir al consumidor a adquirir un servicio. El marco teórico se basa, por una parte, en el concepto de efecto social del acto comunicativo (Bravo, 2008. The implications of studying politeness in Spanish-speaking contexts: a discussion. Pragmatics, 18 (4): 577–603) y el de actividad de imagen (Hernández Flores, 2013. Actividad de imagen: caracterización y tipología en la interacción comunicativa. Pragmática Sociocultural, 1(2): 175–198), entendiendo la imagen social desde las categorías básicas de autonomía y afiliación (Bravo, 1999. ¿Imagen “positiva” vs. imagen “negativa”?: Pragmática sociocultural y componentes de face. Oralia, 2: 155–184) con sus manifestaciones grupal e individual (Bravo, 1999; 2002. Actos asertivos y cortesía: Imagen del rol en el discurso de académicos argentinos. En D. Bravo y M. E. Placencia (Eds.), Actos de habla y cortesía en el español (pp. 141–174). Munich: Lincom Europa). Por otro lado, se parte de las propuestas de identidad de Spencer-Oatey (2007, 2010. Theories of identity and the analysis of face. Journal of Pragmatics, 39, 639–656; Face, identity and interactional goals. En F. Bargiela-Chiappini y M. Haugh (eds.), Face, Communication and Social Interaction (pp. 137–154)) y los tipos de valores centrales e individuales de los que se nutren tanto la imagen social como la identidad (Schwartz y Bardi, 2001. Value hierarquies across cultures. Take a similarities perspective. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32(3), 268-290). Los resultados de los análisis demuestran que en los anuncios de Yoigo los valores de honestidad y originalidad están presentes en las estrategias comunicativas elegidas, lo que supone una serie de actividades de imagen (del tipo de autoimagen, cortesía y descortesía) donde la afiliación y la autonomía – tanto de grupo como individual – se ponen de manifiesto. Así, las estrategias realizadas por los anuncios utilizan atributos conocidos de la identidad del consumidor español y de su imagen social para lograr su propósito persuasivo: convencerle para contratar el servicio ofrecido.
Tagestourismus oder Wohnumfeldnutzung?
Authors: Arnberger Arne , Eder Renate , Preisel Hemma
Published: December 2016

Gästezahlen bilden eine Grundlage für die Berechnung der ökonomischen Wirkungen des Tourismus und für die Entwicklung von Besuchermanagementstrategien der Gebietsverwaltungen. Viele Schutz- und Erholungsgebiete, vor allem jene, die in der Stadt oder am Stadtrand liegen, haben neben der (tages)touristischen auch eine Wohnumfeldfunktion, die zwar ökonomisch betrachtet wenig relevant ist, aber insbesondere für das Gebietsmanagement viele Herausforderungen mit sich bringt. Vorliegende Studie vergleicht drei größere Erholungs- und Schutzgebiete in Wien, deren Besucherstruktur sich aus unterschiedlichen Anteilen an Tagestouristen und BesucherInnen aus dem Wohnumfeld zusammensetzt, hinsichtlich Intensität und zeitlicher Verteilung der Erholungsnutzung. In allen Gebieten wurde mit denselben Besuchererfassungsmethoden (Langzeitzählung, Vor-Ort-Befragung) gearbeitet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich ein hoher Anteil an Tagestouristen in einer stärkeren zeitlichen Konzentration der Erholungsnutzung z. B. im Tages- oder Jahresverlauf manifestiert, während die Erholungsnutzung in Gebieten mit hohem Anteil an Wohnumfeldnutzung ausgeglichener ist.
Ökonomisch und ökologisch favorable Besuchersegmente im Kontext des Nationalparktourismus
Authors: Butzmann Elias
Published: December 2016

Nationalparke können durch Tourismus positiv zur wirtschaftlichen Regionalentwicklung beitragen. Aufgrund ihrer Schutzfunktion ist es aber unabdingbar, dass bei der Tourismusentwicklung neben ökonomischen Überlegungen auch ökologische Aspekte berücksichtigt werden. Beispielsweise kann über eine Abgrenzung von Besuchersegmenten, die sowohl ökonomisch als auch ökologisch interessant bzw. favorabel sind, der sogenannte sustainability-profitability trade-off überwunden werden. In der vorliegenden Studie wird eine entsprechende Segmentierung der Besucher des Nationalparks Berchtesgaden vorgenommen. Dabei wurden u. a. zwei Segmente von hard und structured ecotourists sowie zentrale Einflussgrößen auf das Ausgabeverhalten und die Einstellung zu nachhaltigen Tourismusangeboten identifiziert. Ferner werden Handlungsempfehlungen für die Gestaltung nachhaltiger Tourismusprodukte abgeleitet sowie theoretische Implikationen diskutiert.
“And am I thus Rewarded?” The Rejected Hero and the Raped Heroine in Mary Pix’s Ibrahim
Authors: Lechner Doris
Published: December 2016

This article assesses Mary Pix’s tragedy Ibrahim (1696) at the transition from traditional heroic drama to pathetic she-tragedy. Considering the coexistence of different ‘heroic modes’ towards the turn of the century, Pix’s tragedy can be placed between Dryden’s heroic drama The Indian Queen (1665; revived 1696) and Manley’s she-tragedy The Royal Mischief (1696). Ibrahim made use of traditional, popular theatre practices such as an oriental set and the incorporation of rape as stage spectacle; yet with the increased presence of women on the Restoration stage, Pix attributed a double function to the raped Morena as a reward for the male hero and as a heroine in her own right, thus mitigating the focus of earlier heroic plays on male heroship.
The Relevance of Ideology in Reading Steinbeck’s East of Eden in Slovenia
Authors: Čerče Danica
Published: December 2016

The article discusses the popularity of John Steinbeck’s novel East of Eden (1952) in Slovenia, demonstrated by its presence in virtually every area of public life and the sheer number of Slovene editions. The study also shows that in past decades, when Slovenia was in the grip of communist rule, even this book by Steinbeck, which is characterized by its non-fidelity to the rules imposed by social realism, in contrast to those that largely conformed to the communist regime’s ideology, could not escape an ideological burden.
Increased Synaptic Excitation and Abnormal Dendritic Structure of Prefrontal Cortex Layer V Pyramidal Neurons following Prolonged Binge-Like Consumption of Ethanol
Authors: Klenowski Paul M. , Fogarty Matthew J. , Shariff Masroor , Belmer Arnauld , Bellingham Mark C. , Bartlett Selena E.
Published: December 2016

Long-term alcohol use causes a multitude of neurochemical changes in cortical regions that facilitate the transition to dependence. Therefore, we used a model of long-term, binge-like ethanol consumption in rats to determine the effects on morphology and synaptic physiology of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) layer V pyramidal neurons. Following 10 weeks of ethanol consumption, we recorded synaptic currents from mPFC neurons and used neurobiotin filling to analyze their morphology. We then compared these data to measurements obtained from age-matched, water-drinking control rats. We found that long-term ethanol consumption caused a significant increase in total dendrite arbor length of mPFC layer V pyramidal neurons. Dendritic restructuring was primarily observed in basal dendrite arbors, with mPFC neurons from animals engaged in long-term ethanol drinking having significantly larger and more complex basal arbors compared with controls. These changes were accompanied by significantly increased total spine densities and spontaneous postsynaptic excitatory current frequency, suggesting that long-term binge-like ethanol consumption enhances basal excitatory synaptic transmission in mPFC layer V pyramidal neurons. Our results provide insights into the morphological and functional changes in mPFC layer V pyramidal neuronal physiology following prolonged exposure to ethanol and support changes in mPFC activity during the development of alcohol dependence.
The Role of +4U as an Extended Translation Termination Signal in Bacteria
Authors: Wei Yulong , Xia Xuhua
Published: December 2016

Termination efficiency of stop codons depends on the first 3′ flanking (+4) base in bacteria and eukaryotes. In both Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, termination read-through is reduced in the presence of +4U; however, the molecular mechanism underlying +4U function is poorly understood. Here, we perform comparative genomics analysis on 25 bacterial species (covering Actinobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Cyanobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Spirochaetae) with bioinformatics approaches to examine the influence of +4U in bacterial translation termination by contrasting highly- and lowly-expressed genes (HEGs and LEGs, respectively). We estimated gene expression using the recently formulated Index of Translation Elongation, ITE, and identified stop codon near-cognate transfer RNAs (tRNAs) from well-annotated genomes. We show that +4U was consistently overrepresented in UAA-ending HEGs relative to LEGs. The result is consistent with the interpretation that +4U enhances termination mainly for UAA. Usage of +4U decreases in GC-rich species where most stop codons are UGA and UAG, with few UAA-ending genes, which is expected if UAA usage in HEGs drives up +4U usage. In HEGs, +4U usage increases significantly with abundance of UAA nc_tRNAs (near-cognate tRNAs that decode codons differing from UAA by a single nucleotide), particularly those with a mismatch at the first stop codon site. UAA is always the preferred stop codon in HEGs, and our results suggest that UAAU is the most efficient translation termination signal in bacteria.
The Genomic Architecture of Interactions Between Natural Genetic Polymorphisms and Environments in Yeast Growth
Authors: Wei Xinzhu , Zhang Jianzhi
Published: December 2016

Gene-environment interaction (G×E) refers to the phenomenon that the same mutation has different phenotypic effects in different environments. Although quantitative trait loci (QTLs) exhibiting G×E have been reported, little is known about the general properties of G×E, and those of its underlying QTLs. Here, we use the genotypes of 1005 segregants from a cross between two Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, and the growth rates of these segregants in 47 environments, to identify growth rate QTLs (gQTLs) in each environment, and QTLs that have different growth effects in each pair of environments (g×eQTLs) . The average number of g×eQTLs identified between two environments is 0.58 times the number of unique gQTLs identified in these environments, revealing a high abundance of G×E. Eighty-seven percent of g×eQTLs belong to gQTLs, supporting the practice of identifying g×eQTLs from gQTLs. Most g×eQTLs identified from gQTLs have concordant effects between environments, but, as the effect size of a mutation in one environment enlarges, the probability of antagonism in the other environment increases. Antagonistic g×eQTLs are enriched in dissimilar environments. Relative to gQTLs, g×eQTLs tend to occur at intronic and synonymous sites. The gene ontology (GO) distributions of gQTLs and g×eQTLs are significantly different, as are those of antagonistic and concordant g×eQTLs. Simulations based on the yeast data showed that ignoring G×E causes substantial missing heritability. Together, our findings reveal the genomic architecture of G×E in yeast growth, and demonstrate the importance of G×E in explaining phenotypic variation and missing heritability.
Romper nudos de seda: libertad y subjetividad femenina en Jardín, de Dulce María Loynaz1
Authors: Stecher Guzmán Lucia
Published: December 2016

Este artículo analiza la novela Jardín, de la escritora cubana Dulce María Loynaz, deteniéndose en las estrategias que despliega para subvertir distintos modelos de feminidad. La novela sostiene un diálogo productivo con distintas corrientes estéticas, cuyas formas de expresión asume y a la vez critica por las limitaciones que le imponen al desarrollo de la subjetividad femenina. A través del recorrido que realiza en Jardín por distintas propuestas estéticas e ideológicas que han contribuido a la configuración del sujeto moderno, Loynaz despliega una crítica a las formas en que estas construyen el sujeto femenino y su posición en el orden de género sexual. Este recorrido se realiza desde dentro de estas estéticas, desde su apropiación productiva en la textualidad de la novela, la que transita por el lenguaje del romanticismo, del simbolismo, del modernismo y de las vanguardias. En Jardín se muestra cómo estos movimientos abren, pero también cierran, posibilidades de expresión y desarrollo para las mujeres.
Historia y persona. Diarios y cartas del conflicto armado en Centroamérica
Authors: Carrillo Padilla Ana Lorena
Published: December 2016

En el presente artículo se hace referencia a formas y modalidades de escritura autobiográfica: dos “diarios” y un epistolario, producidos todos en el contexto de las guerras centroamericanas de los años ochenta del siglo pasado. Las comillas señalan la ambigüedad genérica de los dos textos que se presentan como diarios. El propósito es mostrar ejemplos de configuración de esta escritura en escenarios distintos, pero marcados todos por la violencia de aquella circunstancia histórica.
La unificación del lenguaje como dispositivo de resistencia en La guaracha del Macho Camacho (1976), de Luis Rafael Sánchez
Authors: Galeano Sánchez Juan Camilo
Published: December 2016

El presente artículo estudia la manera como se transgreden cánones lingüísticos, gramáticos y literarios en La guaracha del Macho Camacho (1976), novela del puertorriqueño Luis Rafael Sánchez. Tiene por objetivo general demostrar que el lenguaje es un mecanismo de resistencia frente a los grupos hegemónicos, por el cuestionamiento de su posición en la sociedad puertorriqueña. Para lograr tal propósito se plantean tres objetivos secundarios: primero, identificar la contradicción, en el contexto puertorriqueño, entre los valores sociales propuestos por Estados Unidos y aquellos que se gestan en la isla; segundo, explicar su carácter de novela “anti-nacional”, en la medida en que no reproduce un lenguaje único sino que refleja la diglosia propia del hablante callejero y, tercero, advertir la incidencia del concepto de hibridación, según Bajtín, como mecanismo de construcción de un registro lingüístico distinto al de las partes que lo componen. Se concluye, de ese modo, que el texto de Sánchez critica a la clase dominante de lasociedad puertorriqueña envileciéndola, haciéndola tan vulgar como aquellos que se encuentran en sus antípodas, con quienes no tienen diferencias –al menos en el texto– demasiado notables.
Insularidad y meteorología: espacios re-expresados y sub-versivos en la narrativa contemporánea cubana
Authors: Pérez Medrano Cuauhtémoc
Published: December 2016

Cuba es un país insular en donde los fenómenos meteorológicos han sido elementos metafóricos importantes en la configuración de los mitos fundacionales. Será útil entonces observar los fenómenos histórico-socioculturales como fenómenos meteorológicos, pues matizarían cuestiones locales y globales, en lo referente a la identidad y diversidad cultural, estudios estéticos y literarios. La insularidad de Cuba ha pasado por distintos estadios de análisis, desde el plano ontológico hasta el plano político o literario. La inte-racción entre espacio imaginado y expresado en la literatura exige un acercamiento mediado entre los referentes “reales” y meta-literarios. La utilización de la metáfora de la isla ha sido perenne en la historia cultural cubana. Las generaciones de escritores en Cuba, desde hace treinta años aproximadamente, buscan superar algunas barreras ideotemáticas y estilísticas mediante la re-expresión de sus propias sub-versiones literarias. Para ellos, la insularidad o la isla se convierten en un tópico versátil que tensa las relaciones entre las estéticas y sus categorías. Tales fenómenos literarios serían perceptibles en la narrativa de Abilio Estévez, Marilyn Bobes y Antonio José Ponte, lo cual presenta un debate interdisciplinario centrado particularmente en el posicionamiento global de la narrativa cubana y las contemporáneas subversiones literarias.
Más allá de la identidad de género: sexualidad y transgresión en Sopa de caracol de Arturo Arias
Authors: Poe Lang Karen
Published: December 2016

En este ensayo se propone una lectura de la novela Sopa de caracol (2002) del escritor guatemalteco Arturo Arias, centrada en el tema de la función de la sexualidad como elemento desubjetivante del protagonista. Se examina también cómo la estética del grotesco y el modelo carnavalesco son puestos en movimiento para desestabilizar la identidad de género y así mostrar la imposibilidad de reconstruirse después de la catástrofe de la guerra.
Representaciones y elaboraciones de la homosexualidad en la literatura costarricense
Authors: Chacón Gutierrez . Albino
Published: December 2016

En la literatura publicada a lo largo del siglo XX y lo que va del XXI encontramos de manera constante lo que podemos denominar una serie literaria sobre el tema de la homosexualidad. La historia literaria costarricense muestra, en los inicios del siglo XX, el caso de Jenaro Cardona, de manera particular con La esfinge del sendero (1914). Más adelante, apenas pasada la primera mitad de siglo, encontramos el caso de José León Sánchez con La isla de los hombre solos (1963), en donde la homosexualidad es presentada como parte de los arrebatosy de la violencia carcelaria.Teníamos que llegar a las últimas décadas del siglo pasado para que, de alusiones que marginalizaban aún más todo lo que tuviera que ver con la sexualidad, se pasara a una nueva manera de comenzar a sacar del closet literario, ya no solo el tema de la homosexualidad, sino en general el de la sexualidad misma. El valor enunciativo de la publicación de esta literatura plantea una relectura del Estado costarricense mismo y del papel de sus instituciones. De ahí la significación de ese gesto fundante y provocador, producto de esta nueva serie de textos en la Costa Rica contemporánea, de una manera como no había sucedido antes en el país.
Medically Hospitalized Patients With Eating Disorders and Somatoform Disorders in Pediatrics: What Are Their Similarities and Differences and How Can We Improve Their Care?
Authors: Ibeziako Patricia , Rohan Jennifer M. , Bujoreanu Simona , Choi Christine , Hanrahan Meghan , Freizinger Melissa
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVES:

The purpose of the current study is to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics and health care use of medically hospitalized patients with eating disorders (ED) and somatoform disorders (SFD) in a pediatric setting and to use the findings to explore opportunities for improved care.

METHODS:

Retrospective chart reviews of 125 patients with SFD and 125 patients with ED (N = 250) seen at a tertiary pediatric facility over a 12- and 19-month period, respectively.

RESULTS:

Patients in both groups were predominantly girls, white, came from households with above average incomes, and had academic pressures, internalizing coping styles, and high rates of anxiety disorders. Compared with SFD patients, ED patients had longer medical admissions (P < .001), more depressive disorders (P < .01), higher lifetime rates of suicidal ideation and self-injurious behaviors (P < .05), and were more frequently discharged to intensive psychiatric treatment programs (P < .001). SFD patients were referred later to psychiatry (P < .001), had more emergency department visits (P < .001) and more visits to other hospitals (P < .05) and also had higher rates of learning difficulties (P < .001), bullying (P < .05), and trauma (P < .01) compared with ED patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

Identifying overlapping features and key differences in the clinical characteristics and health care use of patients with primary psychiatric disorders like ED and SFD, who are frequent users of medical services, is the first step toward developing innovative, integrated hospital-based care approaches and clinical pathways that can reduce service utilization and improve patient outcomes.
Marx y los signos de una época
Authors: Garrido Juan Ignacio
Published: December 2016

Se muestra cómo K. Marx establece en el marxismo y en la filosofía política en general una ambivalencia constitutiva entre la crítica y la imaginación política, pues desarrolla un realismo político que derrumba los artificios del idealismo al denunciar los intereses dominantes que lo sostienen, y que constituye una nueva figura del presente. En El Capital y en los Grundrisse lleva a cabo un desmontaje de las apariencias del mundo de las mercancías, y al mismo tiempo indica cómo los montajes colectivos constituyen la manera en que la realidad y la praxis proletaria no pueden dejar de aparecer.
¿Estamos obligados a tolerar acciones intolerantes?
Authors: González Leonardo
Published: December 2016

Se examinan los límites de la tolerancia y el sentido en que resulta irracional aceptar acciones intolerantes, aunque de hecho se acepten. Esto lleva a trazar una distinción entre tolerancia privada y pública, que permite responder la paradójica pregunta: ¿está obligado el agente tolerante a tolerar acciones intolerantes?
La esclavitud natural. Una revisión de las tesis de Aristóteles
Authors: Mauri Margarita
Published: December 2016

Frente a la esclavitud natural defendida por Aristóteles, algunos intentan salvaguardar la coherencia interna del discurso, mientras que otros la niegan. Sin pretender un juicio valorativo, se busca esclarecer la naturaleza del esclavo, de la mujer y de las relaciones entre señor, mujer y esclavo en el oikos.
Castro-Gómez, Santiago. Revoluciones sin sujeto. Slavoj Žižek y la crítica del historicismo
Authors: Lazo Briones Pablo
Published: December 2016

Castro-Gómez, Santiago. Revoluciones sin sujeto. Slavoj Žižek y la crítica del historicismo posmoderno. Ciudad de México: Akal, 2015. 400 pp.