bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fintech and Blockchain
Authors: Thomason Jane
Published: October 2021

The rapidly growing field of Blockchain and Decentralised Finance (DeFi) has the potential to transform many aspects of the financial world. It offers an abundance of opportunities to reduce costs, increase transparency and reduce the need for middlemen in financial services. While this promise of automation and decentralization is attractive, it is important to consider the potential for inadvertent or deliberate automation of unethical conduct at scale. Ethical questions involve the consideration of conflicting moral choices and dilemmas. Blockchain creates ethical dilemmas for developers, investors, consumers, and regulators at the technology, application, and societal levels. This chapter provides a perspective on the emerging field of DeFi and Blockchain in financial services, a reflection on the ethical questions that arise, how they are being addressed, the key issues, and further research needed in this growing field of Blockchain ethics. The objective of the chapter is for students, developers, CEO's and governments to appreciate the moral and ethical issues being uncovered in the course of the development and deployment of Blockchain technology. Blockchain, as with all technology, is a tool and is as beneficial and useful as the care that is taken to make it. There remains a need to ensure that Blockchains are built and deployed with due concern for ethics.
Evaluation of Financial Inclusion in the Villages of India
Authors: Malhotra Nishi , Baag Pankaj Kumar
Published: October 2021

Financial inclusion refers to making financial services available at the doorsteps of the citizens of India. There has been a lot of research to identify the various factors that lead to the adoption of technology for banking and availing of financial services. But there is no study on the factors that impact the adoption of technology and formal banking services in India. A large section of the population in India still uses the informal banking channel such as money lender, relatives which leads to difficulties in availing the financial services. Qualitative research and that grounded theory have been used for research. Direct interview has been used to collect data from the participants across 11 different villages. The study highlights that the level of financial and digital literacy has improved in India though the Kisan credit card scheme faces various problems in implementation.
Artificial Intelligence as an Emerging Technology in Global Trade
Authors: Garg Seema , Mahajan Navita , Ghosh Jayanta
Published: October 2021

With Industry 4.0 and now 5.0 technologies, the entire globe is embracing these changes. Artificial intelligence-powered systems have immense potential to eliminate international geographical barriers and prove to influence global trade worldwide. The present study highlights how AI increases productivity, economic development, and provides international trade with new horizons. The global value chains, prediction of future trends like changes in consumer demand, risk management, supply chain links are some of the key applications of AI in the sector. AI empowers international trade negotiations to analyze economic trajectories of negotiating partners, adjustments of trade barriers at different rates and scenarios. The chapter will cover the support of AI to access global trade data, its response to diverse challenges, international expansions through digital platforms, support in translations, mechanism of demand prediction, automation of administration with increased efficiency and utility, smart manufacturing, barriers, and influences.
Managing Human Resources in Artificial Intelligence Era 5.0
Authors: Oswal Jyotsna , Rajput Namita , Seth Sunny
Published: October 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) has grown by leaps and bounds in the past few years making it a necessary tool for organizations all over the world to pave the road to a smart future by entering into its various functions and making it more efficient. However, companies in India have been hesitant and slow to adapt this technology, and this hesitation is ever so clearly seen in the human resources function of the organization. The primary purpose of this chapter is to explore the application, benefits and challenges of integration, and the limitations of AI in HRM within the Indian context. The study is relevant and beneficial to organisations that seek to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of their HRM functions by leveraging the power of AI.
How New Age Technologies Are Used to Identify Consumer Behaviour and Its Change During and After a Pandemic
Authors: Sanwal Ravi
Published: October 2021

In 2020, the whole world experienced a pandemic that rose in different parts of the world leading to a pandemic; many businesses were affected because of it, and it changed people's thinking towards life. It also changed how consumers looked at purchasing products online. This study focuses mainly on how the new age technologies like machine learning, internet of things, and artificial intelligence helps in identifying the consumer buying patterns. Consumer buying pattern on online shopping have changed over a period during this pandemic. This research highlights the role of these technologies in marketing and how it has helped the companies to create their marketing strategies. This research also includes the study of change in buying patterns of consumers during the pandemic and how it has increased over a period of time through primary research done with 30 respondents taken as a focus group.
Genome Editing and CRISPR/Cas System of Extremophiles and Its Applications
Authors: Panicker Suneeta Gireesh
Published: October 2021

Extremophiles will be the choice of next generation industrial biotechnology (NGIB) as they are known to be contaminant resistant, but engineering their genomes has always been difficult and time consuming task. CRIPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat and CRISPR associated proteins) system can be employed for this reason. The genome of an industrially important halophile (i.e., Halomonas) was edited to study a combined effect of four different genes on glucose breakdown and production of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate). This editing has resulted in 16-fold increase of 3HV, and the mutants generated by CRIPR/Cas system were significantly effective in synthesizing PHBV. Unfortunately, this system does not always work, specifically in extremophilic microorganisms because Cas9 or Cpf1 are from mesophilic bacteria. Therefore, alternatively, the endogenous CRISPR/Cas system is used for editing the genomes of such organisms. This genome editing of extremophiles will open the doors for developing next generation industrial biotechnology (NGIB).
Major Compatible Solutes and Structural Adaptation of Proteins in Extremophiles
Authors: Shah Hardik , Panchal Khushbu , Panchal Amisha
Published: October 2021

Extremophiles are the most ancient microbes on the Earth and also a center of attraction for the scientific community for research because of their ability to adapt to extreme habitats. Compatible solutes are among those factors which enable these microorganisms to thrive in such extreme habitats. Under osmotic stress, the majority of extremophiles accumulate specific organic solutes such as amino acids, sugars, polyols, and their derivatives. In addition, proteins in extremophiles are found to be evolved by changing their amino acid composition to alter the hydrophobicity of its core and surface charge to maintain activity. This chapter encompasses a comprehensive study about the role of various compatible solutes in the endurance of microorganisms under extremophilic conditions, synthesis of compatible solutes, nature of extremophilic proteins, and their applications. Furthermore, an attempt has been made to cover various strategies adopted by the scientific community while pursuing research on compatible solutes.
Industrial Applications of Enzymes From Extremophiles
Authors: Arya Prashant Satishbhai , Yagnik Shivani Maheshkumar , Panchal Rakeshkumar Ramanlal , Rajput Kiransinh Narendrasinh , Raval Vikram Hiren
Published: October 2021

Extremophilic microorganisms have developed a variety of molecular tactics to exist in extreme environments. Researchers are fascinated by extremophiles and unearth various enzymes from these fascinating microbes. Extremozymes are astonishing biocatalysts with distinctive properties of catalysis and stability under a multitude of daunting conditions of salt, pH, organic solvents, and temperature, which open up new possibilities for biocatalysis and biotransformation and outcompetes mesophilic counterparts. Biotechnological implications include simple, immobilized, as well as whole-cell applications. Stability in organic solvents adds to the asymmetric catalysis and thereby exemplifies the applicability of extremozymes and in fostering biobased economies. Marine, cold-adapted enzymes, and those that help in the removal of a toxic hazardous substance from the environment are obvious choices for food industries and bioremediation. The major area of application and research emphasis includes textile, detergents, food, dairy, agriculture, and environmental remediation.
Extremophiles as a Source of Biotechnological Products
Authors: Murthy Pushpa S. , M. Vedashree , H. P. Sneha , Prakash Inderjit
Published: October 2021

Extremophile and extremozyme capabilities to uphold catalytic actions under extreme situations open up a varied array of biotechnological applications. Extremophiles are a rich supply of biocatalysts used for innumerable purposes. Bioactive molecules and enzymes isolated from organisms inhabiting risky environments being used in biological innovation pipelines and pharmaceutical have positive claims. The species biodiversity has favourable reservoir of the unexploited amalgams with biotechnological significance. Prospective solicitations of extremozymes, chiefly as catalysis of multistep progressions, quorum sensing, bioremediation, biofuel, biodiversity and prospecting, biomining, and genetic technology are explored. To boost the biotechnological uses of extremozymes, research and development efforts are needed to address hurdles such as extremophile culture, gene expression in host cells, and extremozyme bioprocessing. Extremophiles can be a resource for innovative biotechnological comprising industrial biotechnology, agriculture, medical, food, and environmental biotechnology.
Thermophilic Bacterial Exopolysaccharides
Authors: Goswami Rakesh , Bandyopadhyay Bidyut , Sadhukhan Sanjoy
Published: October 2021

Bacterial exopolysaccharides have enormous diversity with valuable characteristics, synthesized by various pathways in extreme conditions like salinity, geothermal springs, or hydrothermal vents. Due to extreme environments, these microorganisms have various adaption principles (e.g., low pH, high temperature, high saltation, and high radiation). Exopolysaccharide is an organic compound produced by most bacteria during fermentation using various carbon sources, resulting in a jelly-like or mass network structure outside the cell wall. This biopolymer has an adherent cohesive layer throughout the cell layer. Hot spring bacterial polysaccharides contain diverse extracellular polymeric substances. With a gain in popularity in applications of thermophilic microbial polysaccharides and its demand in diverse value-added industrial products, this chapter aims to provide valuable information on the physicochemical function and biotechnological applications in the field of food, medical imaging, nano-drugs, bioremediation, cancer, anti-bacterial, tissue engineering, etc.
ROBERT GROSSETESTE: A MEDIEVAL THINKER WITH A LEGACY FOR MODERN SCIENCE
Authors: Tanner Brian K.
Published: October 2021

Robert Grosseteste (ca. 1170-1253) was one of the first scholars to embed the newly rediscovered ideas of Aristotle into medieval natural philosophy. In a series of short scientific treatises written between about 1215 and 1230 he focused on explaining why, rather than how, the natural world behaves as it does. He adopted a principle of subalternation in which complex phenomena could be understood in terms of simpler underlying behaviour that could be tested by observation. For example, he explained the features of the rainbow in terms of optics, which in turn could be explained by geometry. Grosseteste’s “Big Bang” theory of the formation of the universe, based on the expansion of light from a point, is founded on the need to explain the stability of solid matter. Although surviving manuscripts do contain almost no diagrams, it is evident that he thought both mathematically and pictorially in developing a unified model of natural phenomena. In a unique interdisciplinary collaboration between historians, philosophers, palaeographers, linguists, artists and scientists (www.ordered-universe.com) we have shown how detailed examination of Grosseteste’s science can stimulate both new contemporary scientific research and artistic creativity.
Patient Awareness about Dental Implants and Satisfaction with Conventional Complete Dentures Fabricated by Undergraduate and Postgraduate Students
Authors: Sunny Greeshma , Chowdhary Ramesh , Mishra Sunil Kumar
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Dental undergraduate students and postgraduates do learn conventional denture making as their curriculum but previous studies have found that the final-year undergraduate students lack the confidence which is required in treating completely edentulous patients. This pilot questionnaire survey was done to evaluate patient awareness about dental implants and satisfaction with conventional complete dentures fabricated by undergraduate and postgraduate students in the department of prosthodontics.

Materials and Methods:

The study was carried out on thirty patients who received complete maxillary and mandibular denture. These 30 patients were divided into two groups, each group consisting of 15 patients on the basis if the denture was fabricated by a postgraduate or undergraduate student. After using the denture for a period of 3 months, the patients rated the functioning of the dentures using the questionnaire survey. The patient was also asked about the knowledge about the implant and their willingness to go for the implant treatment.

Results:

Patient satisfaction was significantly higher amongst the patients who received complete denture fabricated by postgraduate students as compared to undergraduate students, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05) for six of the seven questions. Most of the patients were not aware of the dental implants, and the cost of the implant is a major factor for not going for implant treatment.

Conclusion:

The pilot study showed that the patients who received complete denture delivered by the undergraduates were not satisfied with the fit, masticatory efficiency and encountered falling of denture while talking and eating. In contrast, the patients who received complete denture delivered by the postgraduate students were happy with the fit and masticatory efficiency. The present survey found that there is a lack of awareness about implants in patients, and the cost factor is a major hurdle in patients for not taking implants as a treatment option.
Living well with kidney disease by patient and care-partner empowerment
Authors: Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Li Philip Kam-Tao , Tantisattamo Ekamol , Kumaraswami Latha , Liakopoulos Vassilios , Lui Siu-Fai , Ulasi Ifeoma , Andreoli Sharon , Balducci Alessandro , Dupuis Sophie , Harris Tess , Hradsky Anne , Knight Richard , Kumar Sajay , Ng Maggie , Poidevin Alice , Saadi Gamal , Tong Allison
Published: October 2021

Living with chronic kidney disease is associated with hardships for patients and their care-partners. Empowering patients and their care-partners, including family members or friends involved in their care, may help minimize the burden and consequences of chronic kidney disease-related symptoms to enable life participation. There is a need to broaden the focus on living well with kidney disease and re-engagement in life, including an emphasis on patients being in control. The World Kidney Day Joint Steering Committee has declared 2021 the year of ‘Living Well with Kidney Disease’ in an effort to increase education and awareness on the important goal of patient empowerment and life participation. This calls for the development and implementation of validated patient-reported outcome measures to assess and address areas of life participation in routine care. It could be supported by regulatory agencies as a metric for quality care or to support labeling claims for medicines and devices. Funding agencies could establish targeted calls for research studies that address the priorities of patients. Patients with kidney disease and their care-partners should feel supported to live well through concerted efforts by kidney care communities including during pandemics. In the overall wellness program for patients with kidney disease, the need for prevention should be reiterated. Early detection with a prolonged course of wellness despite kidney disease, after effective secondary and tertiary prevention programs, should be promoted. World Kidney Day 2021 continues to call for increased awareness of the importance of preventive measures throughout populations, professionals, and policy makers, applicable to both developed and developing countries.
Comparison of clinical methods to diagnose pediatric endobronchial intubation—A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Selvaraj Sathishkumar , Elakkumanan Lenin Babu , Balachandar Hemavathy
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:

Diagnosing accurate placement of the tip of the endotracheal tube is crucial in pediatric practice. This study was conducted to find out the efficacy of five clinical methods to ascertain the tube position by a resident anesthesiologist.

Material and Methods:

This was a randomized crossover study conducted in a research institute. Fifty pediatric patients were enrolled. All patients were randomly allocated to tracheal (group T) or bronchial group (group B). The five clinical methods which were evaluated include the auscultation, observation of chest movements, bag compliance, tube depth, and capnography. In group T, the tube was placed in the trachea and later positioned in bronchus (assisted by fiberoptic bronchoscopy). The vice versa was done in group B. In each position, a single test followed by all tests was performed and after the change of position, the same single test followed by all tests was performed. Correct and incorrect diagnoses by tests in detecting tube positions were made and their sensitivity and odds ratio were estimated.

Results:

The tube depth and combination of all tests detected endobronchial intubation with a sensitivity of 88% and 97%, respectively, which is more than that of auscultation (70%) and observation (55%). Evaluation of the difference in agreement level of tube depth to detect tube-position showed the odds ratio of 2.28 (0.17–30.95) for detecting endobronchial intubation.

Conclusion:

We observed that the tube-depth was better than the other individual tests in diagnosing endobronchial intubation in pediatric patients. However, its efficacy is lesser than that of performing all clinical tests together.
Efficacy of Baska mask as an alternative airway device to endotracheal tube in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under controlled ventilation
Authors: Tosh Pulak , Kumar Ravi B. , Sahay Nishant , Suman Saurabh , Bhadani Umesh K.
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:

Newer supraglottic devices with an additional gastric channel offer greater protection from aspiration and avoidance of laryngoscopy for their insertion would result in attenuated hemodynamic responses. The primary objective was to assess hemodynamic responses to insertion of Baska mask as compared to tracheal intubation. The time and attempts taken to secure airway and evidence of regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents were also assessed.

Material and Methods:

This prospective, randomized study was conducted in 80 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. All patients received standardized anaesthesia protocol. Baska mask was used to secure airway in Group B, while tracheal intubation was done in group T. Methylene blue was injected through Ryle's tube into stomach in both groups. At end of surgery, fibreoptic bronchoscopy was performed to detect bluish staining of trachea and/or main bronchi as evidence of aspiration of gastric contents and bluish staining in oropharynx as evidence of regurgitation. Chi-square test and Independent sample t-test were applied.

Results:

The time taken to secure airway was significantly longer in Group B as compared to Group T (45.3 ± 12.6 vs. 24.3 ± 9.1 sec) Percentage of patients who had oropharyngeal blue stain was comparable in both groups. No patient in both groups had tracheal blue stain. Group T had significantly higher HR and MAP after intubation till 10 min later.

Conclusion:

Baska mask insertion was associated with attenuated hemodynamic responses, though more time and attempts were required for securing the airway. It could be considered as an alternative to tracheal intubation during laparoscopic surgeries.
Factors affecting remission to salvage chemotherapy with Etoposide-Cisplatin/Etoposide-Methotrexate-Actinomycin D (EP-EMA regimen) among chemoresistant high-risk Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia patients admitted in a tertiary institution
Authors: Pastoriza-Alcaraz Noreen R. , Soriano-Estrella Agnes L.
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND:

Approximately 20%–25% of high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) patients initially treated with first-line chemotherapy regimen develop resistance to the regimen. The EP-EMA (Etoposide-cisplatin and etoposide, methotrexate and actinomycin D) regimen is the most commonly utilized second-line agent.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to identify factors leading to remission using etoposide and cisplatin-etoposide, methotrexate, and Actinomycin D (EP-EMA) as salvage chemotherapy among resistant high-risk GTN.

METHODS:

This is a retrospective descriptive study that reviewed the medical records of patients admitted in the section of trophoblastic diseases diagnosed with high-risk GTN from January 2006 to December 2015.

RESULTS:

The medical records of 20 patients were retrieved and reviewed. The complete remission rate with EP-EMA is 60% (12/20). The overall survival rate for 1 year is 70% (14/20). Only 20% of the patients went home against advice and did not complete treatment. This regimen reported toxicities ranging from Grade 2–4 myelosuppression and electrolyte imbalance. Forty-five percent had Grade 4 neutropenia and Grade 2 anemia and 20% had Grade 2 thrombocytopenia. Hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia were noted in 8 patients (40%). Although not statistically significant, a trend showed that those in the remission group mostly had Stage III diseases with metastasis only in the lungs, prognostic score of between 7 and 12, and with beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels <10,000 mIu/ml at the start of EP-EMA treatment.

CONCLUSION:

There is an improved response with EP-EMA chemotherapy across the years in our institution. Factors such as stage of disease, pulmonary metastasis, and low β-hCG at the start EP-EMA chemotherapy denote a possible good response and may contribute to patients' complete remission with EP-EMA chemotherapy. However, further studies with larger patient sample size are recommended to support the latter.
Primary pulmonary epithelioid trophoblastic tumor co-existing with choriocarcinoma
Authors: Jacinto Elizabeth K. , Avila Jose Ma. C.
Published: October 2021

A 28-year old, G5P4 (4014), noted neck lymph nodes associated with cough. A chest X-ray was done showing a left nodular opacity. Antibiotics were prescribed with a resolution of symptoms. Five months after, a routine chest X-ray revealed interval progression in size of the lung nodule. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan and positron-emission tomography scan were done subsequently showing the precise location and size of the nodule and with no other focus of tumor seen. Transvaginal ultrasound was normal. With an initial diagnosis of lung carcinoma, a percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy under CT scan guidance was done. Immunohistochemical staining panel showed that beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was positive. Subsequently, a serum beta-hCG done showed low levels from 33.48 to 59.7 mIU/ml. The final diagnosis given was a poorly differentiated malignancy highly suggestive of malignant trophoblastic tumor. A video-assisted left upper lobectomy was performed with histopathology and immunohistochemistry consistent with epithelioid trophoblastic tumor with co-existing choriocarcinoma elements. Postoperative beta-hCG level dropped to normal and remained so for 2½ years.
Meteorolojik Kuraklığın Zamansal ve Alansal Özelliklerine İklim Değişikliğinin Etkisi, Sakarya Havzası Örneği
Authors: DUVAN Akın , AKTÜRK Gaye , YILDIZ Osman
Published: October 2021

Kuraklık yerkürede yaşayan tüm canlı varlıkların yaşamını sürdürebilmesi için gerekli su miktarının belirli bir zaman süresince ortalamanın altına düşmesi sonucu yaşanan su kıtlığını ifade eden doğal bir afettir. Çalışmada yarı kurak iklimde bulunan Türkiye’de su sıkıntısı yaşayan Sakarya Havzası için uygulama yapılmıştır. Veri olarak meteoroloji gözlem istasyonlarından alınan gözlemlenmiş yağış verileri ile HadGEM2-ES küresel iklim modelinin RCP 4.5 ve 8.5 senaryoları ile elde edilen yağış projeksiyon verileri kullanılmıştır. Kuraklık şiddeti tespiti amacıyla Standart Yağış İndisi (SYİ), kuraklığın alansal dağılımını tespit edebilmek amacıyla da Ters Mesafe Ağırlıklı Enterpolasyon Yöntemi (Inverse Distance WeightingIDW) kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra havzanın kuraklık şiddeti-alan yüzdesi- frekans eğrileri oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan bu grafikler yardımıyla havza için kuraklığın zamansal ve alansal özellikleri incelenmiş, gözlemlenmiş yağış verileri ile elde edilen kuraklık şiddeti değerlerinin daha büyük olduğu görülmüştür.
Komparasi Perhitungan Kadet Secara Manual Dan Dengan Menggunakan Program – Program Pelayaran Dalam Pelaksanaan Passage Plan
Authors: Huda Samsul , Sitepu Firdaus , Sulistyaningrum Vitrianna , Supar Gilang Pambudi
Published: October 2021

To improve the academic ability of a cadet, it is necessary to apply the principles of shipping with the use of computer technology which is accommodated by existing shipping programs on board. In the implementation of a voyage, it always uses a passage plan to make it easier to navigate either flat or electronically. A cadet must really be equipped with the ability to calculate manually and the ability to understand the use of shipping tables and be able to apply it in a computer program. The research method is descriptive. Data collection was carried out by manual calculation of the concept of Flat Sailing using a Mercator map and comparison of the results of calculations with programs on the ship, observation, structured interviews, documentary studies and library research. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of manual calculations and by using shipping programs carried out by cadets in the implementation of the Passage Plan. The results showed that the cadets still did not understand the application of cruise calculation formulas on the projection of the mercator chart or mercator map. Cadets in entering data in a program are still wrong and less thorough so that it will affect the implementation of the passage plan.
Escrita fora da escola: experiências de crianças nos espaços de uma comunidade rural
Authors: Araujo Corrêa Mendes Jacqueline , Castanheira Maria Lucia
Published: October 2021

A partir de subsídios dos Novos Estudos de Letramento, este artigo tem como objetivo investigar os usos e o envolvimento de crianças, de uma comunidade rural do norte de Minas Gerais, com a escrita fora da escola. Neste contexto privilegiou-se a análise da participação de crianças dessa comunidade em eventos de letramento. Adotou-se a pesquisa de perspectiva etnográfica e procedeu-se à observação participante no ano de 2012 na comunidade. O estudo envolveu a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas, a produção de diário de campo, gravações de áudio e vídeo e coleta de artefatos escritos usados e/ou produzidos fora da escola. A pesquisa evidenciou que múltiplos letramentos ocorrem nesse contexto e que as crianças encontram disponibilidade e acesso à escrita na comunidade. Em contraposição, a pesquisa mostrou que, apesar do acesso e disponibilidade da escrita nos espaços da comunidade, esses saberes não fazem parte do acervo ensinado no contexto da escola local.
Consumo de psicoativos lícitos durante a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Galloni Letícia , de Freitas Lucas Rodrigueiro , Vieira Gonzaga Rodrigo
Published: October 2021

Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise comportamental da utilização de psicoativos lícitos durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma busca bibliográfica de materiais disponíveis em meio eletrônicos de diversas bases de dados renomadas:  Elsevier, Google Scholar, Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde – LILACS, Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina do Instituto Nacional de Saúde dos Estados Unidos (PubMed Central – PMC) e Scielo. Foram selecionados 39 materiais, considerando o fator de impacto das publicações. Resultados: A maioria dos estudos selecionados apresentaram mudanças nos padrões de utilização de substâncias psicoativas. Só no Brasil houve um aumento de 13,1% no consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, já o número de cigarros diários consumidos por tabagistas aumentou aproximadamente 34%, sem contabilizar outras formas de consumo de tabaco e seus derivados. O consumo de benzodiazepínicos subiu 12,7% no último ano e houve um crescimento de quase 14% na comercialização de antidepressivos e estabilizadores de humor.  Conclusão: Em análise, foi possível estabelecer uma relação entre ou aumento do consumo de substâncias psicotrópicas e o impacto à saúde mental gerado pela pandemia da Covid-19, que é devido em grande parte ao isolamento social, as grandes mudanças na rotina e no perfil econômico de grande parte da população o que afetou negativamente a saúde mental, um dos pilares da saúde humana derrubado nesse período gerando grande alteração no consumo de medicamentos psicotrópicos, álcool e tabaco. Portanto, atualmente temos um grande problema de saúde pública que pode perdurar durante muito tempo e levar a outros problemas de saúde, sendo assim, são necessárias intervenções dos órgãos governamentais de orientação e promoção à saúde. O presente artigo demonstra a necessidade de novos estudos e relatos capazes de elucidar de maneira consistente o rumo dessa problemática, entretanto, consegue exercer um auxílio significativo nas ações de combate à situação.
Pengaruh Citra Merek, Kualitas Produk dan Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Cincau Station Ciputra World Surabaya
Authors: Mariana Anis Ratih , Widiana Muslichah Erma , Istanti Enny
Published: October 2021

Tren di berbagai minuman kekinian terus bermunculan setiap harinya. Variannya pun berbeda-beda membuat pembeli selalu ingin mencoba. Outlet minuman kekinian mudah ditemukan di mana saja. Mulai dari area kampus, hingga pusat perbelanjaan. Bisnis minuman semacam ini memang sedang menjamur mengingat respons positif dari masyarakat. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data dengan menyebarkan kuesioner. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah konsumen yang pernah membeli Cincau Station Ciputra World Surabaya sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 92 orang dengan metode slovin. Metode analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan uji hipotesis yaitu uji normalitas, uji F (simultan), uji t (parsial) dan uji dominan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Citra Merek, Kualitas Produk, dan Kualitas Pelayanan berpengaruh signifikan secara simultan dan parsial terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Variabel Citra Merek berpengaruh dominan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Cincau Station Ciputra World Surabaya.
Design of Control Interface for a SCARA Manipulator with Subactuated Final
Effector
Authors: Cordero Muñoz Julio Cesar , Hernández Acosta Humiko Yahaira , Benítez Álvarez Raúl , Pérez Mendoza Gerardo Julián
Published: October 2021

The decoupled control of robots eases the generation of trajectories of position, speed and acceleration, as well as the combination of sequences of movement in the joints. The aim of this work is to develop an application for motion control, integrating a virtual model into a prototype SCARA manipulator of 4 DOF. The methodology consists: 1. Definition of the manipulator's workspace; 2. Preparation of the control diagram in LabVIEW; 3. Configuration and communication with Arduino hardware. 4. Development of the interface for simultaneous movements; 5. Configuration of the communication interface with SolidWorks. Developing such integration requires particular hardware characteristics that support simulation and communication environments between the different software mentioned, as well as the acquisition and processing of analog signals used in the control algorithm applied to the model, with Lagrange polynomials and direct and inverse kinematics modelling by the Denavit-Hartenberg method.
Análisis de falla sobre roles para cuerdas metálicas
Authors: García-Hernández Steven Geovanny , Mendoza-Saucedo Norberto , Muñoz-González Beatriz , Doñu-Ruiz Marco Antonio
Published: October 2021

Se realizó un análisis de falla usando técnicas de caracterización sobre elemento mecánico llamado Rol; diseñado para realizar cuerdas internas a flechas, el material del elemento mecánico es un acero AISI M5. Se utilizó el análisis visual de la pieza, líquidos penetrantes, dureza HRC, microscopia óptica y microscopia electrónico de barrido, con el fin de determinar la causa de su falla en servicio. El estudio demuestra que el fallo ocurrió por fatiga mecánica. En la zona cercana a la periferia del rol, presenta unas zonas con carburos irregulares en la matriz con dureza irregular y presencia de cambios microestructurales. El rol presenta una grieta en la periferia de la pieza, esto conlleva posteriormente al colapso y fractura del rol. Con técnicas de caracterización se determinan, los diversos factores que ocasionaron la fractura, los resultados de los estudios metalúrgicos y concluyendo que el tratamiento térmico no fue el óptimo.
Análisis comparativo de la modificación del parámetro de inercia para la mejora
en el desempeño del algoritmo PSO
Authors: Álvarez-Garduño Valeria , Guadiana-Ramírez Natalia , Anzueto-Ríos Álvaro
Published: October 2021

En este trabajo se presenta un desarrollo para mejorar el desempeño del algoritmo de optimización metaheurístico nombrado Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). El algoritmo PSO está inspirado en el comportamiento que demuestran los grupos de individuos en la naturaleza, como ejemplo podemos mencionar las parvadas y los cardúmenes. Cada individuo o partícula, de forma análoga en un proceso matemático; es considerado como una posible solución y en ellos se contempla, como información relevante, su posición y la
velocidad. La velocidad de cada partícula es modificada al multiplicarse por un parámetro nombrado factor de inercia y es este parámetro que proponemos modificar para mejorar el desempeño del algoritmo. La modificación del factor de inercia se desarrolla de dos maneras, decremento lineal y decremento caótico. Se han considerado las funciones de referencia Eggholder y Six-Hump Camelback, para determinar la mejora en el desempeño del algoritmo PSO. Los resultados presentados en este trabajo indican un mejor desempeño al aplicar el decremento de tipo caótico al factor de inercia.
Yetiştirici Koşullarında Akkaraman-Şavak Kuzularının Büyüme Performanslarının Araştırılması
Authors: ÇETİN Hasan , TEZ Şahin , BAYRIL Tahir
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışma, yetiştirici koşullarında beslenen Akkaraman-Şavak kuzularının cinsiyet, doğum tipi ve büyüme performanslarının araştırılması için tasarlandı. Araştırma, Tunceli ili merkez ve Pertek ilçesine bağlı 7 yerleşim bölgesinde toplam 14336 veri kullanılarak yürütüldü. Kuzuların yıllara göre doğum, 30, 60 ve 90. gün canlı ağırlık artışlarının istatistiki olarak birbirinden farklı olduğu (p
Academic Failure at University and Data Processing Methods Based on Decision Trees and Neural Networks: Research Methodology
Authors:   Computer Science and Systems Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Tetouan, University Abdelmalek Essaadi Tetouan, Morocco, ADMEUR Smail
Published: October 2021

For a long time, academic failure among university students sparked heated controversy. Many educational psychologists try to figure it out and then explain it. Statisticians have tried to predict it. Our research (article) aims to classify students into several categories, as well as to use the decision tree and artificial neural networks to classify first-year students and identify variables that may explain the problem.
CONHECIMENTO DE ACADÊMICOS DA ÁREA DE SAÚDE SOBRE SÍFILIS
Authors: Pereira Renata Martins da Silva , Valério Fernanda Marques , Barros Karina Medeiros , Reis Thais da Silva , Trajano Larissa Tavares , Silva Leila Rangel da
Published: October 2021

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar conhecimentos de acadêmicos da área de saúde sobre sífilis e suas repercussões para a saúde, dos acometidos pela infecção. Estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo, realizado em um Centro Universitário no município de Volta Redonda (RJ). Participaram 168 acadêmicos dos Cursos de Ciências Biológicas, Educação Física, Enfermagem e Odontologia, que responderam a um questionário elaborado pelas pesquisadoras. Os resultados mostram que o curso com mais representantes foi o curso de Enfermagem (57,93%), quanto as características da infecção por sífilis os acadêmicos citam, em sua maioria, a transmissão por bactéria e via sexual, o diagnóstico pelo VDRL e teste rápido, e ainda, que as manifestações clínicas são lesões principalmente na genitália. A maioria teve aproximação com o tema da sífilis em aulas ou durante o ensino médio, e consideram seu conhecimento parcialmente adequado ou inadequado sobre o tema. Conclui-se que os acadêmicos têm conhecimentos parciais sobre sífilis e é preciso implementar estratégias de educação que promovam o desenvolvimento de seus conhecimentos sobre esta infecção que tem apresentado altas taxas de incidência em nosso meio.
SEXUALIDADE E EDUCAÇÃO: UMA COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE ALUNOS SURDOS E NÃO SURDOS
Authors: De Oliveira Henrique Victor Hugo , De Jesus Freitas Alex Sandro Henrique , Lopes Hardoim Edna
Published: October 2021

Diferente dos alunos ouvintes, as dúvidas sobre sexualidade de alunos surdos não são esclarecidas em uma palestra e nem em sala de aula. Objetivando conhecer a concepção de sexualidade de alunos surdos e não surdos e saber como a expressam, foi realizada uma entrevista semi-estruturada usando recursos visuais, com os alunos do 3º Ano do EM do Programa EJA no CEAADA e  de uma Escola Municipal. Os dados evidenciam que o preservativo é o método contraceptivo mais utilizado por ambos os grupos entrevistados. Entre os alunos surdos não há um diálogo muito amplo sobre sexualidade com a família, diferente dos alunos surdos, a maioria respondeu que o diálogo é mais amplo com o parceiro/a. Quanto a realização de atividades na escola, entre os alunos surdos é unânime a necessidade de aulas de educação sexual, e entre os alunos não surdos, uma minoria foi contrária a ideia. Para a maioria dos alunos surdos a sexualidade está relacionada com o ato de fazer sexo, evidenciando a importância de atividades sobre a temática sexualidade, para esclarecer realmente o que compõe a sexualidade. Foi possível evidenciar que os surdos conseguem vivenciar sua sexualidade como qualquer outro indivíduo não surdo.
GUIA DO EDUCADOR PARA O FILME UMA PROVA DE AMOR
Authors: Melo Daniella Rodrigues de , Barros Marcelo Diniz Monteiro de
Published: October 2021

Uma prova de amor é um filme norte-americano de 2009, do gênero drama, que trata principalmente de questões éticas voltadas para reprodução assistida, modificação de embriões e doação de órgãos, além de abordar a temática do câncer, que engloba também, os estudos da Imunologia. Este guia do educador visa auxiliar o trabalho do professor em sala de aula de acordo com os PCN’s (1997a), para que seja possível a realização de estudos e atividades mais dinâmicas que facilitem o aprendizado dos alunos. No presente trabalho são sugeridos trechos do filme para abordagens em sala de aula e quais condutas podem ser seguidas, estimulando o senso crítico e a reflexão dos alunos, de modo que, além de facilitar a aprendizagem, possa contribuir para a formação moral e ética dos cidadãos.
MUSEU DO AMANHÃ: UMA INVESTIGAÇÃO TÁTIL COM O OLHAR ÀS CEGAS DE QUEM VÊ
Authors: Junior Elias dos Santos Silva , Braga Ana Nogueira , Bahia Sérgio Rodrigues , Da Silva Pinto Sérgio Crespo Coelho , Mariani Braz Ruth Maria
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem o objetivo analisar a acessibilidade visando a sustentabilidade social e de apresentar quais seriam os desafios que as pessoas com deficiência visual teriam para se locomoverem pelo ambiente ao visitarem o Museu do Amanhã. Verifica se o Museu do Amanhã observou todas as especificações contidas na norma da NBR 16537/2016 que estabelece os procedimentos de como sinalizar o piso tátil, elaborar projetos e instalações. Avalia a qualidade do seu áudio-guia. Percebe-se interpretações errôneas na aplicação da norma, que podem confundir o visitante com deficiência visual e a falta de observância à sinalização, até mesmo por parte de funcionários e das pessoas em geral, podendo ocasionar eventuais acidentes e inconvenientes. Como recurso metodológico, utilizou-se o pressuposto da pesquisa de campo do tipo observação participante e revisão da literatura sobre o assunto. Conclui que o Museu do Amanhã necessita observar e se adequar à norma da ABNT NBR 16537/2016.
A PEDAGOGIA DA ALTERNÂNCIA: INCLUSÃO SOCIAL E HUMANIZAÇÃO DO HOMEM DO CAMPO
Authors: Fagundes Elizabeth Macedo , Bock MariaLediana
Published: October 2021

O objetivo da pesquisa é problematizar a Pedagogia da Alternância voltada para a educação no campo, pois reconhecemos que a zona rural apresenta particularidades em relação as exigências da educação formal vivenciada pelas escolas da área urbana. A zona rural demanda uma formação educativa que contemple, em um só projeto pedagógico, a integralização de dois saberes: o teórico e o prático. Num processo de formação que colabore com a valorização desse segmento social e da modernização e desenvolvimento da área rural. Nesse sentido, iremos problematizar o regime de alternância com o objetivo de observar suas potencialidades e também suas limitações. O intuito é aprofundar os debates em torno do tema e contribuir, a partir das reflexões, com novos modos de se relacionar com a educação rural para que ela seja inclusiva e que minimize a defasagem das trajetórias escolares, não afugentando os alunos da participação de processos de ensino-aprendizagem positivos, diminuindo os índices de repetentes e de desistências.
BIOINVASÃO NA RESERVA EXTRATIVISTA MARINHA DEARRAIAL DO CABO - RJ: AMPLIAÇÃO DO DEBATE EM UNIDADES DE ENSINO PÚBLICO DO MUNICÍPIO.
Authors: Aguiar Luiza Araujo Jorge de
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho apresenta uma sucinta discussão sobre o estado de conhecimento geral de um conjunto de alunos da rede pública de ensino do município de Arraial do Cabo, litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro, como forma de alertar para a necessidade de ampliação de discussão de assuntos de relevância local nas unidades de ensino do município. Foram entrevistados um total de 335 alunos. Os dados mostram que nenhum aspecto sobre o assunto foi de conhecimento geral de nenhuma classe etária, em nenhuma unidade de ensino. O nível de conhecimento obtido através do score dos índices de conhecimento se mantiveram baixos em todas as unidades de ensino. Estes indicativos sugerem que o debate sobre as causas e consequências das invasões biológicas na Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Arraial do Cabo precisa ser efetivamente ampliado nas escolas de ensino médio do município
FLORA DA CAATINGA: CONSTRUINDO SABERES TEÓRICOS E PRÁTICOS NO ENSINO MÉDIO E NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Vasconcelos Maria Glaucilene Sousa , Alves Maria Jackeline Viana , Braga Francisco Augusto do Amaral , Rodrigues Maria Andreza Freitas , Pinto Maria Regilane Ferreira , Silveira Andréa Pereira
Published: October 2021

A Caatinga é a vegetação predominante no nordeste do Brasil, possui elevados índices de riqueza e endemismo de espécies e apenas 1% é protegido por Unidades de Conservação. No entanto, foi amplamente divulgada uma imagem errônea de que essa vegetação era pobre em diversidade e endemismos. Tem-se na educação formal um espaço fértil para divulgar informações científicas corretas e despertar a sensibilização dos educandos para as questões conservacionistas. Motivados por essas inquietações, surgiu o questionamento norteador dessa investigação que consistiu em saber “Qual o conhecimento de alunos do ensino médio e de professore em formação inicial residentes no semiárido Cearense acerca da flora local, antes e depois de terem participado de uma formação teórico-prática envolvendo atividades de conhecimento, coleta e herborização de plantas nativas”. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, que teve o questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados. A partir das análises dos questionários respondidos por 21 participantes, foi registrada uma ampliação de conhecimentos sobre a flora da Caatinga, com aumento de espécies citadas após atividades formativas no grupo dos alunos do ensino médio (2 no pré-teste e 8 no pós-teste) e nos licenciandos (19 no pré-teste e 35 no pós-teste). Os alunos do ensino médio coletaram, herborizaram e identificaram exemplares de três espécies nativas e os licenciandos utilizaram 11 espécies, sendo oito nativas e três exóticas. As atividades teóricas e práticas sobre flora da Caatinga facilitaram a ampliação da percepção cientifica do meio em que os sujeitos estão inseridos, possibilitando uma aprendizagem em função da própria vivência.
#FIQUEEMCASA – PERSPECTIVAS DE FAMÍLIAS SOBRE O AUXÍLIO EM TAREFAS ESCOLARES DE MATEMÁTICA DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Santos Francieli Aparecida Prates dos , Ciríaco Klinger Teodoro , Stofel Natália Sevilha
Published: October 2021

Nos últimos meses, diversos países em distintos continentes estão reinventando seus modos de vida e, consequentemente, de acesso à educação que, ao que tudo indica, parece ter encontrando no ensino à distância, com o pressuposto apoio familiar, uma alternativa de trabalho. O objetivo deste texto é identificar as perspectivas de como famílias, de crianças matriculadas no ciclo da alfabetização em uma escola pública de São Carlos-SP, auxiliam nas atividades remotas ligadas ao ensino de Matemática durante o isolamento social provocado pela COVID-19. Partimos de reflexões produzidas na primeira fase de uma pesquisa de mestrado em Educação Matemática, a qual pretende identificar estratégias adotadas para resolução de problemas matemáticos. Acreditamos que um estudo específico sobre processos em situações de ensino em casa permite contribuir com o debate teórico-metodológico ao abordar uma temática ainda pouco explorada nas pesquisas: a relação família-escola.