bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reachable Set Estimation and Controller Design for Linear Time-Delayed Control System with Disturbances
Authors: Jiang Yongchun , Yang Hongli , Ivanov Ivan G.
Published: January 2024

This paper investigates reachable set estimation and state-feedback controller design for linear time-delay control system with bounded disturbances. First, by constructing an appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, we obtained a delay-dependent condition, which determed the admissible bounding ellipsoid for the reachable set of the system we considered. Then, a sufficient condition in form of liner matrix inequalities is given to solve the problem of controller design with reachable set estimation. Finally, by minimizing the volume of the ellipsoid and solving the liner matrix inequality, we obtain the desired ellipsoid and controller gain. A comparative numerical example is given to verify the usefulness of our result.
Breaking Back and Bones: A Review on Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture
Authors: Phoon Leon , Desai Dev , Gami Vismit
Published: January 2024

Osteoporotic vertebral fracture is the most common fracture from osteoporosis, and are largely undiagnosed due to the mostly asymptomatic nature of the condition. It increases the risk of subsequent fractures and contributes to societal burden. Risk factors for osteoporotic fractures are found in the WHO fracture risk assessment model and used as a tool for monitoring bone health. Vertebral fractures are diagnosed from anteroposterior and lateral spine radiographs and are confirmed with an approximate loss of 20% vertebral height as compared to adjacent vertebrae. One of the most used grading for vertebral fractures is the SQ grading. Mild vertebral fractures could easily be misdiagnosed due to some peculiarities of the vertebral column. CT scan is useful for planning surgical intervention while an MRI scan can provide information about the recency of the fracture and rule out cancer-related fractures. Management depends on the severity of the fracture which could range from conservative management to surgical vertebral augmentation and decompression. Bisphosphonates are used to treat osteoporosis in acute and long-term management of fractures. Osteoimmunological therapies such as denosumab and romosozumab are new therapeutic interventions for osteoporosis while there are many other potential treatment options. Precision medicine provides an individualized treatment approach while regenerative medicine utilizes mesenchymal stem cells for fracture repair.
The Chaperone System in Tumors of Vocal Cords: Quantity and Distribution Changes of Hsp10, Hsp27, Hsp60, and Hsp90 during Carcinogenesis
Authors: Pitruzzella Alessandro , Fucarino Alberto , Modica Domenico Michele , Lentini Vincenzo Luca , Vella Claudio , Burgio Stefano , Calabrò Federica , Rappa Francesca , Intili¹ Giorgia
Published: January 2024

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a head and neck cancer (about 5% of all cancers, and up to 95% of laryngeal cancers; more frequent in males than in females, ratio of 3.9/1) with characteristics depending on its location, with glottis, supraglottis, and subglottis being the most frequent. In African Americans, it appears at younger ages and has lower survival rates than in Caucasians, Hispanics, and Asians. Primary risk factors are tobacco and alcohol consumption. Treatments vary based on the site and stage of the tumor and include radiotherapy, transoral laser microsurgery, and surgery, including partial or total laryngectomy. This study aimed to map by immunohistochemistry four members of the Chaperone System (CS), namely Hsp10, Hsp27, Hsp60, and Hsp90, in laryngeal tissue during the progression from healthy stage to full malignancy, passing through dysplasia. The four chaperones increased in the tissues and changed distribution with the progression of carcinogenesis. The findings provide a histopathological platform for launching in-depth analyses of the mechanisms underpinning the role of the four chaperones in the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Also, the data indicate that the four chaperones have potential as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognostication, and patient follow-up.
Initiation in Kin Ball – Pre and Post Pandemic Effects on Hand Strength, Resistance and Coordination
Authors: Roșu Daniel , Enache Sebastian , Ștefănică Valentina , Muntean Raul Ioan
Published: January 2024

The research deals with the particularities of the initiation in the sport of kin ball, of 94 students (54 boys and 40 girls), without a history of practicing the sport intensively, and the measure of the influence of some components of the motor capacity. Kin ball is a sport that appeared in Canada, in an academic setting and can become an alternative sport in the common university curricula in Romania. The research was carried out in 4 research groups in 2019 and 2022, two of boys and two of girls, similarly, before and after the declaration of the acute phase of the Covid-19 Pandemic, generating physical activity constraints. The originality of the research refers to the initiation, unprecedented in Romania, in the Kin ball sport, through 20 training sessions, carried out in 10-day stages and the evaluation of some motor skills on the subjects. During the experiment, the following components were tested pre- and post-intervention Kin-Ball: palmar muscle strength using the dynamometer, general resistance by running as long as possible for 2 min and general coordination function - body balance, by the Matorin test. The statistical calculation included the application of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, depending on which parametric or non-parametric statistical significance tests were applied and the estimation of the size of the intervention effect. The results highlighted particularities of initiation in Kin ball, but also significant differences (p<0.05) in all measurements performed in 2022. The tests in 2019 recorded both significant and statistically insignificant differences, also highlighted by the calculation of the d indicator of to Cohen. The lower initial level of all motor components measured in 2022 and their significant improvement represent aspects that can be understood as collateral effects of the lack of movement during the pandemic.
Cellular Dynamics of Fadd in the Regulation of Cancer and Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Ranjan Kishu , Pathak Chandramani
Published: January 2024

The Fas associated Death Domain (FADD) is an adaptor protein that predominantly transduces apoptosis signal from death receptor (DR) to activate caspases, leading to the initiation of apoptotic signaling and the coordinated removal of damaged, infected, or unwanted cells. In addition to its apoptotic functions, FADD is involved in signaling pathways related to autophagy, cell proliferation, necroptosis, and cellular senescence, indicating its versatile role in cell survival and proliferation. The subcellular localization and intracellular expression of FADD play a crucial role in determining its functional outcomes, thereby highlighting the importance of spatiotemporal mechanisms and regulation. Furthermore, FADD has emerged as a key regulator in inflammatory signaling, contributing to immune responses and cellular homeostasis. This review provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of cellular dynamics of FADD in regulating of programmed cell death and inflammation through distinct molecular mechanisms associated with various signaling pathways.
The Ultimate Shake Down: Epilepsy vs. Syncope
Authors: Davis Jr. Vernon , Desai Dev , Udernani Bhavika
Published: January 2024

Epilepsy, a disorder of unprovoked recurring seizures, continues to be seen as a growing medical concern worldwide. It represents the most common, non-communicable brain disorder, affecting persons of all ages. Every year over five million persons are formally diagnosed with epilepsy when seeking medical care. Often diagnosed as a young child, most persons can live a seizure-free life once there is an early diagnosis, proper patient education, and keen clinical management. However, the reoccurrence of status epilepticus, a neurological emergency, can be linked to untreated underlying causes and lead to serious morbidity and even early mortality if not properly managed. The prognosis is heavily reliant on the discovery of the underlying cause. Epilepsy, in recent times, provides a terminology for ease of identification of the associated clinical symptomology. Epilepsy, an umbrella term, can manifest differently as either idiopathic, symptomatic, or cryptogenic. However, distinguishing epilepsy from other seizure mimics is critical to preventing complications. Epilepsy research, like many other neurological symptoms, is limited in low-resource areas. Therefore, through greater awareness of epilepsy and public education campaigns, better health outcomes can be achieved. There is huge utility in clear communication of medical information among healthcare providers as well as in optimizing treatment plans.
Unmet Horizons: Assessing the Challenges in the Treatment of TP53-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Stafylidis Christos , Vlachopoulou Dimitra , Kontandreopoulou Christina-Nefeli , Diamantopoulos Panagiotis
Published: January 2024

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a challenging hematologic malignancy. The presence of TP53 mutations in AML poses a therapeutic challenge, considering that standard treatments face significant setbacks in achieving meaningful responses. There is a pressing need for the development of innovative treatment modalities to overcome resistance to conventional treatments attributable to the unique biology of TP53-mutated (TP53mut) AML. This review underscores the role of TP53 mutations in AML, examines the current landscape of treatment options, and highlights novel therapeutic approaches, including targeted therapies, combination regimens, and emerging immunotherapies as well as agents being explored in preclinical studies, for their potential to address the unique hurdles posed by TP53mut AML.
In Situ Monitoring of Non-thermal Plasma Cleaning of Surfactant Encapsulated Nanoparticles
Authors: Li Gengnan , Zakharov Dmitri , Sikder Sayantani , Xu Yixin , Tong Xiao , Dimitrakellis Panagiotis , Boscoboinik Jorge Anibal
Published: January 2024

Surfactants are widely used in the synthesis of nanoparticles, as they have a remarkable ability to direct their growth to obtain well-defined shapes and sizes. However, their post-synthesis removal is a challenge, and the methods used often result in morphological changes that defeat the purpose of the initial controlled growth. The cleaning methods could be classified as thermal or non-thermal. In general, the structure of materials can be better preserved by non-thermal treatments. After the removal of surfactants, the highly active surfaces of nanomaterials may undergo structural reconstruction by exposure to a different environment. Thus, ex situ characterization after air exposure may not reflect the effect of the cleaning methods. In situ characterization is required to better understand the impact of various cleaning procedures. Combining X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, in situ infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, and environmental transmission electron microscopy measurements with CO probe experiments, we investigated different surfactant-removal methods to produce clean metallic Pt nanoparticles from surfactant-encapsulated ones. Non-thermal plasmas show the best results. It was demonstrated that both UV-ozone treatment and room temperature O2 plasma treatment lead to the formation of Pt oxides on the surface after the removal of the surfactant. These oxides are reduced to metallic Pt during in situ CO probe experiments. On the other hand, when H2 was used for plasma treatment, the Pt0 oxidation state and nanoparticle size distribution were preserved. In addition, H2 plasma treatment can reduce Pt oxides after O2-based treatments, resulting in metallic nanoparticles with clean surfaces. Thermal reduction in hydrogen leads to carbon species emerging onto nanoparticle surfaces after heating and agglomeration of Pt nanoparticles. Particularly, O2-based thermal treatments result in the formation of aggregates consisting of small nanoparticles. These findings provide a better understanding of the various options for surfactant removal from metal nanoparticles and point toward non-thermal plasmas as the best route if the integrity of the nanoparticle needs to be preserved.
Robust Method for Unsupervised Scoring of Inmunohistoquemical Staining
Authors: Durán-Díaz Iván , Sarmiento Auxiliadora , Fondón Irene , Bodineau Clément , Tomé Mercedes , Durán Raúl V.
Published: January 2024

Immunohistochemistry is a powerful technique, widely used in biomedical research and clinics, that allows to determine the expression levels of some proteins of interest in tissue samples by means of the intensity of color due to the expression of biomarkers using specific antibodies. As such, immunohistochemical images are complex and problematic to be quantified. Recently we proposed a novel method including a first separation stage based on nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) that achieved good results. However, that method was highly dependent on sparseness and non-negativity parameter choice and on algorithm initialization. Furthermore, the previously proposed method needed a reference image as starting point for the NMF algorithm. In the present work, we propose a new, simpler and robust method for the automated unsupervised scoring of immunohistochemical images based on bright field. Our work is focused on images from tumor tissues marked with blue (nuclei) and brown (protein of interest). The new proposed method represents a simpler approach that, in one side, avoids the use of NMF for the separation stage, and in the other side, circumvents the need for a control image. This new approach determines the subspace spanned by the two colors of interest by means of principal component analysis (PCA) with dimension reduction. This subspace is a two-dimensional space, allowing the finding of color vectors by considering the peaks of density of points. The method also develops a new scoring stage by avoiding, again, reference images, making the procedure more robust and less dependent on the parameters. Experiments for the semi-quantitative scoring of images in five categories exhibit promising and consistent results when compared to manual scoring carried out by experts.
Functional Foods’ Consumption in Children and Parents: A Literature Review
Authors: Votsi Irene Chrysovalantou , Koutelidakis Antonios E.
Published: January 2024

Among young children, parents are a main factor of children's preferences for food served as they are responsible for purchasing and providing Functional Foods (FFs) and they are role models for them. This revies study conducted according PRISMA guidelines and aimed to review the recent data about the consumption of FC into families as part of a balanced diet. The literature search was conducted via online academic search engines PubMed, ResearchGate and Google Scholar. The search process was restricted to research papers published in English in reviewed journals from 2012 to 2023. Thirty six articles were ultimately included in the present review. The results showed that there is a correlation between several socio-demographic and a higher probability of buying FFs for children. There is a positive effect on purchasing frequencies of gender (female), higher household annual income and education level, together with higher levels of nutritional knowledge and trust in positive scientific evidence regarding FFs. Also, parents’ socio-demographic factors affect the children’s F/V consumption. The summary of evidence concludes on the point that parents are the role models about their children’s eating behavior and eating habits.
Safety and Efficacy of Low-Dose Eptifibatide for Tandem Occlusions in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Latacz Paweł , Popiela Tadeusz J , Brzegowy Paweł , Lasocha Bartłomiej , Kwiecień Krzysztof , Simka Marian
Published: January 2024

Objectives. Optimal treatment strategy for ischemic stroke in patients presenting with tandem occlusions the internal carotid artery remains controversial. Several studies have demonstrated better clinical outcomes after eptifibatide, which is a short half-life antiplatelet agent. This retrospective analysis was focused at safety and efficacy of administration of low-dose eptifibatide in stroke patients with tandem lesions.
Methods. We evaluated results of endovascular treatment in 148 stroke patients with tandem lesions. Patients in whom balloon angioplasty alone resulted in satisfactory cerebral flow did not receive eptifibatide (33 patients); others received this drug together with stent implantation (115 patients). Eptifibatide was given in as intravenous bolus 180 g/kg, and then in modified low dose of 1 g/kg/min for 24 hours.
Results. There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding 30-day mortality, frequency of thrombotic events and hemorrhagic complications. Analysis of clinical status at 30-day follow-up revealed that administration of eptifibatide was associated with statistically significant better outcome: a higher rate of either no neurological symptoms or only mild symptoms (4 NIHSS points maximally).
Conclusions. Administration of eptifibatide in stroke patients presenting with tandem lesions is relatively safe. Moreover, treatment with this drug can improve clinical outcomes in these challenging patients.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Idebenone Attenuate Systemic Inflammatory Diseases by Suppressing NF-κB Activation
Authors: Choi Yumin , Cho Young-Lai , Park Sujeong , Park Minkyung , Hong Keun-Seok , Park Young Jun , Lee In-Ah , Chung Su Wol , Lee Heedoo , Lee Seon-Jin
Published: January 2024

Inflammation is a natural protective process through which the immune system responds to injury, infection, or irritation. However, hyperinflammation or long-term inflammatory response can cause various inflammatory diseases. Although idebenone was initially developed for the treatment of cognitive impairment and dementia, it is currently used to treat various diseases. However, its anti-inflammatory effects and regulatory functions in inflammatory diseases is yet to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of idebenone in cecal ligation puncture-induced sepsis and lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation. Murine models of cecal ligation puncture-induced sepsis and lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation were generated, followed by treatment with various concentrations of idebenone. Additionally, lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages were treated with idebenone to elucidate its anti-inflammatory effects at the cellular level. Idebenone treatment significantly improved survival rate, protected against tissue damage, and decreased the expression of inflammatory enzymes and cytokines in mice models of sepsis and systemic inflammation. Additionally, idebenone treatment suppressed inflammatory responses in macrophages, inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway, reduced reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, and normalized the activities of antioxidant enzyme. Idebenone possesses potential therapeutic application as a novel anti-inflammatory agent in systemic inflammatory diseases and sepsis.
Neuroprotective Effect of Therapeutic Hypothermia in Cognitive Impairment of tMCAo Mouse Model
Authors: Lim Ji Sun , Kim Shin , Park Mee-Na , Lee Hyunsu , Baek Hye Suk , Kim Jin Kyung , Kim Hae Won , Hong Jeong-Ho
Published: January 2024

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has emerged as a promising approach with neuroprotective effects that can mitigate secondary brain damage and intracranial pressure in the acute phase after successful mechanical thrombectomy. However, the effect of TH on cognitive impairment has yet fully elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrated whether TH can improve cognitive impairment in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mouse model Nine-week-old C57BL/6N mice (male) were randomized to three groups: sham, tMCAO, and tMCAO with TH. One month after model induction, cognitive function test and regional cerebral glucose metabolism were evaluated using the Y-maze test and positron emission tomography with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose, respectively. tMCAO led to cognitive impairment, which was improved by TH. The cerebral glucose metabolism of the thalamus was significantly recovered in the TH group compared to that in the tMCAO group. These results suggest that TH might have potential as a therapeutic strategy for improving the ischemia/reperfusion-induced cognitive impairment.
Identification of a Gene Signature That Predicts Dependence upon YAP/TAZ-TEAD
Authors: Kanai Ryan , Norton Emily , Stern Patrick , Hynes Richard O. , Lamar John M.
Published: January 2024

Targeted therapies are effective cancer treatments when accompanied by accurate diagnostic tests that can help identify patients that will respond to those therapies. The YAP/TAZ-TEAD axis is activated and plays a causal role in several cancer types, and TEAD inhibitors are currently in early phase clinical trials in cancer patients. However, mutations that predict YAP/TAZ-TEAD activation are not commonly found in most cancer types, making it hard to determine which tumors are de-pendent upon YAP/TAZ-TEAD. Here, we used a combination of RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis of metastatic melanoma cells to develop a YAP/TAZ gene signature. We found that the genes in this signature are TEAD-dependent, and that their expression strongly correlates with YAP/TAZ activation in human melanomas. Using DepMap dependency data, we found that this YAP/TAZ signature was predictive of melanoma cell dependence upon YAP/TAZ or TEADs. Importantly, this was not limited to melanoma because this signature was also predictive when tested on a panel of over 1000 cancer cell lines representing numerous distinct cancer types. Our results suggest that YAP/TAZ gene signatures like ours may be an effective tool to predict tumor cell sensitivity to YAP/TAZ-TEAD inhibition, and thus provide a means to identify patients likely to benefit from TEAD inhibitors.
The Challenges of Reproducibility for Research Based on Geodata Web Services
Authors: Cannata Massimiliano , Collombin Maxime , Ertz Olivier , Giuliani Gregory , Ingensand Jens , Primerano Claudio , Strigaro Daniele
Published: January 2024

Modern research applies the Open Science approach that fosters the production and sharing of Open Data according to the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles. In the geospatial context this is generally achieved through the setup of OGC Web services that implements open standards that satisfies the FAIR requirements. Nevertheless, the requirement of Findability is not fully satisfied by those services since there’s no use of persistent identifiers and no guarantee that the same dataset used for a study can be immutably accessed in a later period: a fact that hinders the replicability of research. This is particularly true in recent years where data-driven research and technological advances have boosted frequent updates of datasets. Here, we review needs and practices, supported by some real case examples, on frequent data or metadata updates in geo-datasets of different data types. Additionally we assess the currently available tools that support data versioning for databases, files and log-structured tables. Finally we discuss challenges and opportunities to enable geospatial web services that are fully FAIR: a fact that would provide, due to the massive use and increasing availability of geospatial data, a great push toward open science compliance with ultimately impacts on the science transparency and credibility.
Synthetic Hemostatic Sealants: Effectiveness, Safety and In Vivo Applications
Authors: Curcio Federica , Perri Paolo , Piro Paolo , Galassi Stefania , Sole Roberta , Trombino Sonia , Cassano Roberta
Published: January 2024

Rapid haemostasis during surgery is essential when one wants to reduce the duration of opera-tions, reduce the need for transfusions, and above all when one wants to achieve better patient management. The use of haemostatic agents, sealants and adhesives improves the haemostatic process by offering several advantages, especially in vascular surgery. These agents vary widely in their mechanism of action, composition, ease of application, adhesion to wet or dry tissue, im-munogenicity and cost. The most used are cyanoacrylate-based glues (Glubran 2) or polysaccharide hydrogel-microsphere powder (AristaTMAH). This work is based on a retrospective study carried out on a sample of patients with different vascular diseases (FAV, pseudoaneurysm and PICC application) in which two different haemostatic sealants were used. The aim was to assess the safety, the advantages and the ability of both sealants to activate the haemostatic process at the affected site, also in relation to their chemical-physical characteristics. The obtained results showed that the application of Glubran 2 and AristaTMAH as surgical wound closure systems is effective and safe as the success achieved was ≥94% on anastomoses of FAV; 100% on stabilization of Picc catheters; ≤95% on pseudoaneurysms.
Dermatologic Changes in Experimental Model of Long-COVID
Authors: Hussain Hussain , Paidas Michael J , Rajalakshmi Ramamoorthy , Fadel Aya , Ali Misha , Chen Pingping , Jayakumar Arumugam R.
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, declared in early 2020, is an unprecedented global health crisis, causing over 7.0 million deaths and ongoing challenges. While the pharmaceutical industry expedited vaccine development, mutant SARS-CoV-2 strains remain a major fear. Moreover, concerns regarding the long-term health repercussions of COVID-19-affected individuals persist since individuals affected by mild and moderate to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection experience long-term cardiovascular complications, liver dysfunction, pulmonary afflictions, kidney impairments, and most importantly neurocognitive deficits. In recent studies, we documented pathophysiological changes in various organs following the post-acute infection of mice with murine hepatitis virus-1 (MHV-1), a coronavirus, at both 7 days and 12 months after infection. One part of the body that can be drastically affected by SARS-CoV-2 is the skin. Studies have shown major changes in the skin post-acute SARS CoV-2 infection in humans. However, long-term dermatologic changes post-COVID have never been explored. For the first time, we show several cutaneous findings both at the acute stages and long-term post-infection of mice with MHV-1 coronavirus (a promising experimental model to study acute and long-COVID). Precisely, we found destruction of the epidermal layer, an increase in the number of hair follicles, extensive collagen deposition in the dermal layer, and hyperplasticity of the sebaceous glands at the acute stages, along with thinning of the panniculus carnosus, as well as the adventitial layer, which corresponds well with studies in humans. In contrast, the cutaneous investigation in the long-COVID phase shows the absence of hair follicles from both the epidermal and dermal layers, the destruction of adipose tissues, and the devastation of the epidermal layer. Further, treatment of these mice with a 15 amino acid synthetic peptide, SPIKENET (SPK), which was effective in preventing Spike glycoprotein-1 binding with host receptors, as well as has a potent anti-inflammatory response to severe inflammatory stimulus) restored the loss of hair follicles and re-architected the epidermal and dermal layers. Additionally, destruction in fatty tissue in the infected mice was successfully restored post-treatment with SPK. These findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 initiates the changes early post-infection, leading to devastating skin alterations in the long term which can be prevented by our newly identified peptide drug SPK.
Graphene Derivatives Coatings for the Prevention of Opacification Due to Calcification of Hydrophilic Intraocular Lenses
Authors: NATSI PANAGIOTA D , KANAKIS MENELAOS , SYGELLOU LABRINI , GARTAGANIS PANOS S , GARTAGANIS SOTIRIOS P , KOUTSOUKOS PETROS G
Published: January 2024

The widespread use of hydrophilic intraocular lenses (IOL) in eye surgery, fabricated by poly-2- (hydroxyethylmethacrylic acid) (PHEMA), has highlighted their calcification as a serious problem, which implies their surgical explantation a rather risky process. The field of biomaterials has been developing rapidly in recent years with research interest turning to the development of novel ma-terials which involve either copolymers of PHEMA or protective functional coatings. Graphene coatings are particularly attractive because of the respective unique properties. In the present work we present the results of the investigation of the development of graphene coatings on hydrophilic IOLs and their subsequent performance with respect to calcification opacification. Hydrophilic IOL with water content of 18% by weight, were coated with graphene oxide (GO) by equilibration with GO suspensions in water. The concentrations of the suspensions ranged 1x10-4 to 20x10-4 % w/v. The GO suspensions were equilibrated with the IOLs for 5 days at constant temperature, 37°C, rotated in 30 mL tubes end over end. This treatment, resulted in the formation of a uniform coating of GO on the IOLs verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and other physicochemical methods. The contact angle of the GO coated IOLs decreased significantly in comparison with the uncoated. The GO-coated IOLs exhibited higher tendency to calcify in supersaturated solutions simulating aqueous humor (SAH). The growth rate of hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH, HAP) on GO-coated IOLs was higher, in comparison with the respective untreated IOLs. The conversion of the GO coating by reduction with phenyl hydrazine resulted in the formation of reduced graphene (rGO) surface film, identified by Raman and XPS spectroscopy. of the rGO film was hydrophobic (contact angle 100 o) and did not calcify in supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions.
Respiratory Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Administered during Recovery from General Anesthesia in Brachycephalic Dogs
Authors: Vicenti Caterina , Otero Pablo E , Briganti Angela , Rondelli Vincenzo , Stabile Marzia , Piemontese Claudia , Crovace Antonio , Lacitignola Luca , Staffieri Francesco
Published: January 2024

Abstract: this study aimed to evaluate the benefits of applying 5 cmH2O of CPAP using a pediatric helmet during the recovery phase from general anesthesia in brachycephalic dogs. Brachycephalic dogs undergoing various surgical procedures were included in the study, and a total of 64 subjects were randomly assigned to receive either standard oxygen supplementation (NO-CPAP group) or oxygen supplementation combined with CPAP (CPAP group). The study evaluated arterial blood pH, blood gas partial pressures of O2 and CO2, arterial blood O2 saturation, and related parameters during recovery. The dogs were monitored, and helmet tolerance was assessed using predefined criteria. Of the initially assessed 69 dogs, 64 were enrolled, 32 in the CPAP group and 32 in the NO-CPAP group. Fifteen dogs in the NO-CPAP group were excluded based on predetermined criteria. The CPAP group showed significant improvements in PaO2, PaO2/FiO2, P(A-a)O2, F-Shunt, and respiratory rate compared to the NO-CPAP group (p < 0.001). The incidence of reintubation and helmet intolerance was higher in the NO-CPAP group (18% and 15.6%, respectively) than in the CPAP group (0%). This study highlights the potential benefits of incorporating CPAP, delivered through a pediatric helmet, in the perioperative management of brachycephalic dogs.

Keywords: Brachycephalic; dog; CPAP; oxygenation; anesthesia
Edible Insects as a Source of Dietary Protein for Companion Animals – Perspectives and Possibilities
Authors: Gałęcki Remigiusz , Hanuszewska-Dominiak Maria , Kaczmar Ewa
Published: January 2024

The incidence of chronic enteropathies (CE), in particular food-responsive enteropathies (FRE) in dogs, is on the rise in veterinary practice. The symptoms of these digestive disorders cannot be alleviated with the use of commercial hypoallergenic feeds. The applicability of novel substrates in hypoallergenic dog feeds is limited, and edible insects could pose a viable alternative. Insects have a high nutritional value, and their potential can be harnessed to design personalized nutrition strategies. However, the use of insects in animal feeds should be rigorously tested. The aim of this study was to analyze the applicability of edible insects as a source of dietary protein for companion animals, including the current and future prospects. Canine food formulas should be evaluated in a clinical setting. The role edible insects in pet diets and the efficacy of this substrate in animal nutrition should be examined in advanced clinical trials in gastroenterology, histology, immunology, and microbiology. These efforts are required to guarantee the safety and efficacy of innovative insect-based feeds and to increase their popularity among veterinary practitioners, pet food producers, and animal owners.
Numerical Modeling of Atmospheric Temperature and Stratospheric Ozone Sensitivity to Sea Surface Temperature Variability
Authors: Smyshlyaev Sergei , Jakovlev Andrew R. , Galin Vener Ya.
Published: January 2024

The results of numerical experiments with the chemistry-climate model of the Institute of Numerical Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences - Russian State Hydro-Meteorological University (INM-RSHU CCM) in comparison with the MERRA2 reanalysis data are presented. To assess the impact of sea surface temperature (SST) on stratospheric processes and the ozone layer, numerical experiments were carried out for scenarios corresponding to the El Niño and La Niña Southern Oscillation phases. It is shown that the El Niño phase contributes to the enhancement of heat and mass transfer to the polar stratosphere, which strengthen the Brewer-Dobson circulation and the flux of wave activity that affect the zonal wind. As a result, during El Niño, the probability of sudden stratospheric warming increases and the stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) weakens, re-sulting in an increase in total polar stratospheric ozone. The La Niña phase, on the contrary, is accompanied by a weakening of heat and mass transfer from the troposphere to the stratosphere, as a result of which the stratospheric polar vortex strengthens and the total column ozone decreases. It is shown that the effect associated with the Southern Oscillation is more pronounced in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere. Numerical experiments were also carried out for scenarios in which the sea surface temperature was set corresponding to the early 1980s, and the results were compared with calculations in which the SST was set corresponding to the late 2010s. This allowed us to assess the influence of the multiyear trend in the SST increase on stra-tospheric processes and the ozone layer. It was shown that the SST increase is most pronounced in the Arctic, which corresponds to the phenomenon of "Arctic amplification", and therefore, the heat and mass transfer to the stratosphere increases in the Northern Hemisphere, which contributes to some weakening of the SPV and increase of the total column ozone. But, compared to the Southern Oscillation, the influence of the SST trend on the SPV and total column ozone is much weaker and is observed mainly in the Northern Hemisphere.
Peningkatan Kreativitas dan Kerja Sama dalam Pembelajaran IPA Melalui Model Project Based Learning
Authors: Fauziah Ulfah , Suryandari Kartika Chrysti , Rokhmaniyah Rokhmaniyah
Published: January 2024

Pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar memberi kesempatan siswa untuk berpikir kritis, melakukan kerja sama dan berkolaborasi, berkreasi dengan kreativitasnya pada pemahaman konsep mengenai ilmu pengetahuan alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan model Project Based Learning serta untuk meningkatkan kreativitas dan kerja sama siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas kolaboratif yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Subjek penelitian ialah guru dan siswa kelas V SD Negeri 2 Jatisari. Data yang digunakan berupa kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan penilaian produk kreatif, observasi, wawancara, dan analisis dokumen. Validitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model PjBL dapat meningkatkan kreativitas dan kerja sama siswa. Hasil kreativitas siswa siklus I sebesar 76,32%, siklus II sebesar 85,04%, dan siklus III sebesar 87,26%. Hasil kerja sama siswa siklus I sebesar 75,82%, siklus II sebesar 83,72%, dan siklus III sebesar 88,32%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model Project Based Learning dapat meningkatkan kreativitas dan kerja sama dalam pembelajaran IPA pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 2 Jatisari tahun ajaran 2022/2023.

 
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) dengan Media Konkret untuk Meningkatkan Pembelajaran IPS tentang Peristiwa Kebangsaan Masa Penjajahan
Authors: Prabaningrat Fonda Hidayah , Susiani Tri Saptuti , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan penerapan model Project Based Learning (PjBL) dengan media konkret; (2) meningkatkan pembelajaran IPS; (3) mendeskripsikan kendala dan solusi penerapan model Project Based Learning (PjBL) dengan media konkret. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu lembar observasi, wawancara, tes, dan rubrik penilaian keterampilan. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas 5C SD Negeri 1 Kutosari. Validitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) langkah-langkah penerapan model Project Based Learning (PjBL) yaitu: (a) merancang proyek; (b) merancang penyelesaian proyek; (c) menyusun jadwal pelaksanaan; (d) menyelesaikan proyek; (e) presentasi; serta (f); mengevaIuasi proses dan hasiI, (2) pembelajaran IPS meningkat dengan persentase siklus I = 88,63%, siklus II = 93,17%, dan siklus III = 95,45%. Kendala dalam penelitian: (a) siswa sulit dikondisikan dan (b) manajemen waktu siswa kurang. Solusi yang diberikan: (a) guru lebih tegas; (b) guru mengingatkan batas waktu. Hasil penelitian tersebut dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penerapan model Project Based Learning (PjBL) dengan media konkret dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran IPS pada siswa kelas 5C SD Negeri 1 Kutosari. 

 
Sexual Dimorphism of Adult Human Spleen in Haryana State of North India
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, BPS GMC for Women, Khanpurkalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India., Dang Bhumica , Bokariya Pradeep ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, MGIMS, Wardha, Sevagram, Mumbai, Maharashtra., Vashist Yogesh ,   Assistant Professor Department of Forensic Medicine, BPS GMC for Women, Khanpurkalan, Sonepat, Haryana, Gupta Sanjay ,   Associate Professor Department of Anatomy, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana., Rohilla Jyoti ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy Dr. B. R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali, Punjab.
Published: January 2024

introduction: Spleen is an important lymphoid organ of human body in the upper left part of the abdomen. Spleen performs various functions as it produces immune response against blood-borne antigens and acts as the graveyard of defective and aged erythrocytes. It exhibits sexual dimorphism. The present study is conducted to evaluate sexual dimorphism in morphometry of spleen (spleen weight, length, width, thickness and surface area) in the Haryana region. Region-wise assessment of spleen size gives a broad perspective of spleen sizes and also helps in understanding the ranges in morphometry of spleen with respect to gender. The study proves helpful in context of providing spleen size for spleen transplantation. materials and methods: After taking permission from Institute Ethics Committee, 30 male and 30 female adult human spleens in the age group of 16-70 years belonging to the Haryana region of North India were included in the study. The study was conducted in the Anatomy department along with collaboration from the Forensic department at Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak. The data thus obtained was recorded and analysed using suitable software. results: Statistical significance in dimorphism of splenic weight, length and splenic total surface area in males and females. The results of the present study would be useful for anthropologists, and forensic medicine experts to identify a spleen.
Spectrum of Pulmonary Lesions at Autopsy
Authors:   Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Kalaburagi, Karnataka 585105, India., Patil Anuradha G , Patil Priyanka ,   Tutor and Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Kalaburagi, Karnataka 585105, India., Nigudgi Sushma ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Kalaburagi, Karnataka 585105, India.
Published: January 2024

Background: Respiratory pathology is the commonest autopsy finding and areresponsible for a great deal of morbidity and mortality. Adult respiratory diseases in the developing world are of increasing concern. 1 This study was undertaken to detect the pulmonary pathology findings in adult autopsy cases as there is limited availability of data. Aim: The aim of present study is to analyse the spectrum of pulmonary lesions in adult autopsy and to correlate the pulmonary pathology with the cause of death given as final autopsy diagnosis. Design: Observational type of study. Material and Methods: This is a prospective and retrospective study wasconducted inTertiary Care hospital, Kalaburagi over a period of 3years from July 2016 to June 2019.A total of 218 lungs of adult autopsies were performed. Autolysed specimens of lungs are excluded from the study. Results: A total of 218 lungs of adult autopsies were performed.All cases showed one or other histopathological lesions in lung.The various pulmonary lesions were classified as pulmonary infection 49 cases (22.2%), COPD 29 cases (13.3%) and pulmonary vascular diseases 140 cases (63.9%). The pulmonary vascular diseases encountered were (CVC) Chronic Venous Congestion (Fig. 4A) (05 Cases, 2.3%), Pulmonary Edema (Fig 2 A,B) (47 cases, 21.5%), Pulmonary Hemorrhage. With Congestion (Fig 3A) (83 Cases, 38%), Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (Fig 3B) (04 Cases, 1.8%), Pulmonary Embolism (Fig 5B) (01 Case, 0.45%). Pulmonary haemorrhage with congestion was more frequent in cases of road traffic accident and burns. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease includes emphysema (Fig 4B) (29 cases, 13.3%).The pulmonary infections encountered were Lobar pneumonia (Fig 1A) (40 cases, 18.3%), Interstitial Pneumonia 04 cases (1.8%), Bronchopneumonia (Fig 1B) (2cases, 0.9%) and 01 cases (0.4%) each of foreign body aspiration pneumonia (Fig 9) ,Lung abscess and Tuberculosis (Fig 5A) respectively. The age ranged from 20 to 80 years. Majority of the cases were in the age group of 30–39 years. 70 cases (32.1%) with M:F Ratio 1.9 :1. The incidental findings in this study are each case of foreign body aspiration pneumonia and Tuberculosis. Conclusion: In this study highlights various lesions in lungs which were confirmed by histopathological examination, which were either incidental or direct cause of death. Irrespective of cause of death, autopsy study is essential to evaluate diseases or injury that may be present and to determine the cause and manner of death.
A Clinico-Histopathological Correlative Study of Non-Infectious and Erythematous Papulosquamous Lesions of Skin in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors:   Postgraduate, Department of Pathology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Potheri, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu, Tamilnadu, India., Muthukumar M , Shivashekar G ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Potheri, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: January 2024

Context: Papulosquamous lesions of skin are the most frequently seen conditions encountered by both dermatologists and pathologists. These conditions have a similar clinical picture; hence a definite histopathological diagnosis can solve the overlapping clinical features of various papulosquamous lesions of skin. Aims: To study the histopathological features of various subcategories of papulosquamous skin lesions and to assess the correlation between clinical diagnosis provided and the histopathological diagnosis obtained. Settings and Design: The study is done in a Tertiary care hospital which includes 150 skin biopsies received from Department of Dermatology. Methods and Material: The skin biopsy specimens were subjected to formalin fixation and paraffin embedding followed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin. The histopathological features of various papulosquamous lesions were analysed and clinicopathological correlation was done for the 150 cases of skin biopsies which were clinically suspected/ diagnosed as papulosquamous skin lesions. Statistical analysis used: Universal sampling done and this is a clinico-histopathological correlative study done for a period of 18 months. Results: Out of the 150 skin biopsies of papulosquamous lesions, psoriasis turned out to be the most common lesion. The papulosquamous skin lesions were commonly seen in males. 28% cases were of psoriasis vulgaris and 25% cases were of Lichen planus occupying the top two commonest papulosquamous skin lesions and a positive correlation with histopathological diagnosis turned out to be 76%. Conclusions: The complexity in diagnosing papulosquamous lesions due to features of clinical overlap can be overcome by the histopathological examination and findings which helps to diagnose the various subcategories of papulosquamous skin lesions.