bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Saubhagya: An Online Food Donation Platform for Ending Hunger and Malnutrition in Sri Lanka
Authors: G.H.T.R. Irushika  , K.V.M. Wijesinghe  , P.K.I. Udeshika  , J.J. Sathsara  , D. I. De Silva  , R.R.P. De Zoysa
Published: August 2023

Hunger and malnutrition continue to be significant challenges in developing nations, including Sri Lanka. To address this issue, the research paper presents "Saubhagya," an online web application that provides a platform for social assistance. The platform allows individuals to donate food and groceries to needy organizations such as blind, deaf, orphanages, making it a user-friendly and effective solution. Users are required to register as food donators, needy people(organizations), partners and food collection agents. The system connects these user groups when necessary, ensuring a smooth and efficient process. One unique feature of "Saubhagya" is its live capability of tracking food collection and delivery using GPS and Google Maps. This feature ensures that food donations are delivered to the right organizations promptly, promoting transparency, accountability, and communication among users. The research paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of "Saubhagya" in reducing hunger and malnutrition in Sri Lanka through user feedback and system performance metrics. If successful, the platform can be scaled to other developing nations facing similar challenges. This research demonstrates the potential of digital platforms in addressing social and environmental challenges. By leveraging technology, collective action can be harnessed to create positive social impact. "Saubhagya" represents a significant step forward in the fight against hunger and malnutrition, and it is hoped that it can inspire others to use technology to address pressing global issues.
Liver Disease Prediction Model Based on Oversampling Dataset with RFE Feature Selection using ANN and AdaBoost algorithms
Authors: Jaddoa Ahmed sami , J. Saba Samah , A.Abd Al-Kareem Elaf
Published: August 2023

Liver disease counts are one of the most prevalent diseases all over the world and they are becoming very common these days and can be dangerous. Liver diseases are increasing all over the world due to different factors such as excess alcohol consumption, drinking contaminated water, eating contaminated food, and exposure to polluted air. The liver is involved in many functions related to the human body and if not functioned properly can affect the other parts too. Predication of the disease at an earlier stage can help reduce the risk of severity. This paper implemented oversampling dataset, feature selecting attributes, and performance analysis for the improvement of the accuracy of classification of liver patients in 3 phases. In the first phase, the z-score normalization algorithm has been implemented to the original liver patient data-sets that has been collected from the UCI repository and then works on oversampling the balanced dataset. In the second phase, feature selection of attributes is more important by using RFE feature selection. In the third phase, classification algorithms are applied to the data-set. Finally, evaluation has been performed based upon the values of accuracy. Thus, outputs shown from proposed classification implementations indicate that ANN algorithm performs better than AdaBoost algorithm with the help of feature selection with a 92.77% accuracy
PERAN SYEKH HASAN MAKSUM DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Abdul Gani Jamora Nasution  , Janani Khairina , Lutfi Aulia  , Trisna Pratiwi Hasibuan  , Yuli Deliyanti
Published: August 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran Syekh Hasan Maksum dalam pendidikan Islam di Sumatera Utara. Salah satunya yaitu mendirikan suatu organisasi Al Jam'iyatul Washliyah formal dan informal sekaligus pengajar bagi para ulama dari Sumatera Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian berupa studi tokoh sejarah yang melibatkan analisis dokumen dan sumber-sumber primer yang relevan. Syekh Hasan Maksum memiliki peran yang sangat luar biasa dalam pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. Beliau juga memiliki beberapa karya yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan referensi dalam pendidikan. Pada artikel ini, akan dibahas lebih lanjut mengenai biografi dari Syekh Hasan Maksum dalam dunia pendidikan Islam di Sumatera Utara, karya-karya beliau, dan juga peran serta kontribusinya dalam dunia pendidikan Islam khususnya di Sumatera utara.
Wandering Words
Authors: Pisano Libera
Published: August 2023

In this paper, I will address the issue of translation as a critique of autochthony that emerges in the context of Fritz Mauthner’s linguistic scepticism. Translation, for Mauthner, becomes a privileged prism through which to consider identity and belonging, as well as a way of understanding uprootedness, since language is a continuous product of borrowing, bastardization, stratification, and contingency. According to Mauthner, languages are not possession, but borrowing; not purity, but contagion; not an abstract crystallization, but transit. Therefore, love of the mother tongue — the only way to conceive patriotism — is not a physical connection with the land, roots, or nation, but a refuge, an always precarious Heimat (home).
The Shuffling of Feet on the Pavement
Authors: Prudente Teresa
Published: August 2023

The essay focusses on how Woolf’s quest for a ‘universal’ language of the mind can be read as redefining and even reinventing the notion of mother tongue. In particular, The Waves offers a reconfiguration of the process of language acquisition that symbolically reverses its linear development. Woolf’s stress on a dynamic, ever-moving conception of language, her connection with Coleridge’s perspectives on language, and her view of ancient Greek as an ideal lost language reveal her questioning of the idea of a culturally homogeneous and monolithic language. The notion of mother tongue is thus reconfigured by the writer in terms of a dreamed and imagined ideal language combining familiarity and foreignness, reality and ideality, exactness and the perpetual deferral of meaning.
Note the Ghosts
Authors: Rubaii Kali
Published: August 2023

A series of creative non-fiction short stories based on ethnographic interviews and participant observation in Iraq from 2014–2022, Kali Rubaii’s reflection asks: what is a toxic affect? In these stories, war-torn ecologies are packed with living and non-living beings that emerge in the floor of a mosque, in a graveyard, from a pillow, a toilet, and construction sites in Iraq.
The Teaching of Nonverbal Communication to EFL Learners: in Taiwan
Authors: Matthews Guy
Published: August 2023

Nonverbal cues play a significant role in effective communication, particularly in cross-cultural contexts. Understanding and utilizing nonverbal communication in English can enhance Taiwanese learners' communicative competence and facilitate successful interactions with English speakers from diverse cultural backgrounds. This paper discusses practical strategies and pedagogical approaches to teach nonverbal communication, emphasizing the development of awareness, cultural sensitivity, body language, paralinguistic features, proxemics, and context-specific cues. Additionally, it addresses the relevance of nonverbal communication in digital media and the significance of authentic materials, cultural immersion, assessment, and provides a practical example of teaching nonverbal communication to English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. By incorporating these strategies, educators can empower Taiwanese EFL learners to navigate the globalized world and build meaningful connections across cultures.
The Quantized Constants with Remmen’s Scattering Amplitude to Explain Riemann Zeta Zeros
Authors: Shun Lam Kai
Published: August 2023

Riemann Hypothesis has been proposed by Bernhard Riemann since year 1859. Nowadays, there are lots of proof or disproof all over the internet society or the academic professional authority etc. However, none of them is accepted by the Clay’s Mathematics Institute for her Millennium Prize. In the past few months, this author discovered that there may be a correlation exists between the real and imaginary parts of Riemann Zeta function for the first 10 non-trivial zeros of the Riemann function etc. Indeed, when one tries to view the correlation relationship as a constant like the Planck’s one. Then we may show that Riemann Zeta zeros are indeed discrete quantum energy levels or the discrete spectrum as electrons falling from some bound quantum state to a lower energy state (or Quantum Field Theory). That may be further explained by Remmen’s scattering amplitude or the S-matrix. We may approximate the S-matrix by applying the HKLam theory to it and predict the scattering amplitude or even the Riemann Zeta non-trival zeros etc. By the way, the key researching equations or formula in the following content will be around the Taylor expansion of the Riemann Zeta function, their convergence etc. In additional, I will also investigate the (*’’) as shown below: ∏_(i=1)^∞▒(z-z_i ) = ξ(0.5 + i*t) = (∑_(n=1)^∞▒1)⁄n^((0.5+i*t) ) = ∏_(j=1)^∞▒(1-1⁄(p_j^((0.5+i*t) ) ))^(-1) ------------ (*’’) as we may find the existence of some constants like the Planck’s one. For the application of the aforementioned scholarly outcome, it is well-known that if one can find the pattern of the appearance to the prime number and hence break the public key cryptography in the everyday usage of information technology security etc.
Characteristics of Thyroid Neoplasm Patients in the Department of Anatomic Pathology, Aloei Saboe Hospital
Authors: Tuna Trinny , Astuti Nur Hijra Puji , Ibrahim Sri Andriani , Hasanuddin Abdi Dzul Ikram , Abdul Romy
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Thyroid Neoplasm is a tumor originating from the thyroid gland. Thyroid neoplasms encompass both benign and malignant tumors. Thyroid malignancies are among the most frequently encountered malignancies of the endocrine glands. Thyroid neoplasms generally have a relatively good prognosis when detected early. This study aims to determine the characteristics of thyroid neoplasm patients in the Department of Anatomic Pathology, Aloei Saboe Hospital.Method: This study is descriptive research using secondary data from medical records. Data was collected using a total sampling technique with a sample size of 58 patients. The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomic Pathology, Aloei Saboe Hospital, from January 2021 to October 2022.Results: The distribution of thyroid neoplasm patients is highest in late adulthood (36-45 years) with 15 patients (25.9%), followed by early elderly (46-55 years) with 15 patients (25.9%). The gender distribution shows more female patients, accounting for 43 (77.6%). The most common histopathological type is Colloid Goiter, with 20 patients (34.5%).Conclusion: The distribution of thyroid neoplasm patients is most prevalent between the ages of 35 to 55 years, predominantly in females, with the most common histopathological finding being Colloid Goiter. This study is expected to serve as a valuable source of information, enhancing public knowledge and awareness regarding thyroid neoplasm patients' characteristics.
Challenges for Medical Student in the Society 5.0 Era
Authors: Ibrahim Sri A
Published: August 2023

Background: For health workers, the faster flow of globalization develops many challenges. Indonesia's health workers also face internal challenges. In contrast, in the 5.0 society era, the challenges are in the form of an emphasis on the quality of character, morality, and competence of the health workers.Content: A medical student should be formed in the Community and Family Health Care with Inter-Professional Education (CFHC-IPE) education program, which develops competencies related to ethics, communication, teamwork, and roles and responsibilities in a team from the first day at college. The new challenge for medical education is applying the three new literacies, namely data, technology, and humanity, to produce Indonesian doctors who can adapt and meet national and global needs. Every graduate must meet the competency standards of doctors, which not only provide services to the community through professional practice but can also maintain the noble values of the medical profession.Conclusion: Medical students in the 5.0 era have challenges that take work, particularly in developing new skills in data literacy, technology, and humanity, while still fulfilling their primary competencies.
Measuring the Temperature of Starspots from Multi-filter Photometry
Authors: Schutte Maria C. , Hebb Leslie , Wisniewski John P. , Cañas Caleb I. , Libby-Roberts Jessica E. , Lin Andrea S. J. , Robertson Paul , Stefánsson Gumundur
Published: August 2023

Using simultaneous multi-filter observations during the transit of an exoplanet around a K dwarf star, we determine the temperature of a starspot through modeling the radius and position with wavelength-dependent spot contrasts. We model the spot using the starspot modeling program STarSPot (STSP), which uses the transiting companion as a knife-edge probe of the stellar surface. The contrast of the spot, i.e., the ratio of the integrated flux of a darker spot region to the star's photosphere, is calculated for a range of filters and spot temperatures. We demonstrate this technique using simulated data of HAT-P-11, a K dwarf (T
eff = 4780 K) with well-modeled starspot properties for which we obtained simultaneous multi-filter transits using Las Cumbres Observatory's MuSCAT3 instrument on the 2m telescope at Haleakala Observatory, which allows for simultaneous, multi-filter, diffuser-assisted high-precision photometry. We determine the average (i.e., a combination of penumbra and umbra) spot temperature for HAT-P-11's spot complexes is 4500 K ± 100 K using this technique. We also find for our set of filters that comparing the SDSS

g

′

and

i

′

filters maximizes the signal difference caused by a large spot in the transit. Thus, this technique allows for the determination of the average spot temperature using only one spot occultation in transit and can provide simultaneous information on the spot temperature and spot properties.
Reconnection-generated Plasma Flows in the Quasi-separatrix Layer in Localized Solar Corona
Authors: Mondal Sripan , Srivastava Abhishek K. , Mishra Sudheer K. , Sangal K. , Kayshap Pradeep , Guo Yang , Pontin David I , Uritsky Vadim M. , Ofman Leon , Wang Tongjiang , Yuan Ding
Published: August 2023

Multiwavelength observations of the propagating disturbances (PDs), discovered by Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), are analyzed to determine their driving mechanism and physical nature. Two magnetic strands in the localized corona are observed to approach and merge with each other, followed by the generation of brightening, which further propagates in a cusp-shaped magnetic channel. Differential emission measure analysis shows an occurrence of heating in this region of interest. We extrapolate potential magnetic field lines at coronal heights from the observed Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager vector magnetogram via Green’s function method using MPI-AMRVAC. We analyze the field to locate magnetic nulls and quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs), which are preferential locations for magnetic reconnection. Dominant QSLs including a magnetic null are found to exist and match the geometry followed by PDs; therefore, this provides conclusive evidence of magnetic reconnection. In addition, spectroscopic analysis of Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph Si iv
λ1393.77 line profiles show a rise of line width in the same time range depicting the presence of mass motion in the observed cusp-shaped region. PDs are observed to exhibit periodicities of around 4 minutes. The speeds of PDs measured by the surfing transform technique are close to each other in four different SDO/AIA bandpasses, i.e., 304, 171, 193, and 131 Å, excluding the interpretation of PDs in terms of slow magnetoacoustic waves. We describe comprehensively the observed PDs as quasiperiodic plasma flows generated as a result of periodic reconnection in the vicinity of a coronal magnetic null.
PEARLS: Low Stellar Density Galaxies in the El Gordo Cluster Observed with JWST
Authors: Carleton Timothy , Cohen Seth H. , Frye Brenda L. , Pigarelli Alex , Zhang Jiashuo , Windhorst Rogier A. , Diego Jose M. , Conselice Christopher J. , Cheng Cheng , Driver Simon P. , Foo Nicholas , Bhatawdekar Rachana A. , Kamieneski Patrick , Jansen Rolf A. , Yan Haojing , Summers Jake , Robotham Aaron S. G. , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Tompkins Scott , Coe Dan , Grogin Norman A. , Marshall Madeline A. , Nonino Mario , Pirzkal Nor , Ryan Russell E.
Published: August 2023

A full understanding of how unusually large ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) fit into our conventional theory of galaxy formation remains elusive, despite the large number of objects identified locally. A natural extension of UDG research is the study of similar galaxies at higher redshift to establish how their properties may evolve over time. However, this has been a challenging task given how severely systematic effects and cosmological surface brightness dimming inhibit our ability to analyze low surface brightness galaxies at high z. Here, we present a sample of low stellar surface density galaxies (LDGs) at moderate redshift, likely the progenitors of local UDGs, identified using deep near-IR observations of the El Gordo cluster at z = 0.87 with JWST. By stacking eight NIRCAM filters, we reach an apparent surface brightness sensitivity of 24.59 mag arcsec−2, which is faint enough to be complete to the bright end of the LDG population. Our analysis identifies significant differences between this population and UDGs observed locally, such as their color and size distributions, which suggest that the UDG progenitors at high z are bluer and more extended than UDGs at z = 0. This suggests that multiple mechanisms are responsible for the UDG formation and that prolonged transformation of cluster dwarfs is not a primary UDG formation mechanism at high z. Furthermore, we find a slight overabundance of LDGs in El Gordo, and, in contrast to findings in local clusters, our analysis does not show a deficit of LDGs in the center of El Gordo, implying that tidal destruction of LDGs is significant between z = 0.87 and z = 0.
Diagnostic Biomarkers of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Echchakery Mohamed , Amane Mounia , Guennouni Morad , Omari Mohamed , El Baz Soraia , Achbani Abderrahmane , Midhat Laila , Nassah Houda , Aimrane Abdelmohcine , Draoui Ahmed , Rokni Taoufik , Elmoumou Lahcen , Hanchi Asmae Lamarani
Published: August 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused mainly by a lack of dopamine in the brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved in movement, motivation, memory, and other functions; its level is decreased in the PD brain due to dopaminergic cell death. Lack of this vital substrate in the parkinsonian brain is a motor impairment abnormality and possibly a reason for the cognitive deficit seen in parkinsonian patients. Biomarkers are measurable and reproducible parameters that make it possible to identify physiological and pathological processes. They must be specific, easy to obtain, and reproducible. Some are capable of diagnosing Parkinson's disease whose symptoms have not yet been described. This is where its usefulness lies in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, since this disease, by the time it presents symptoms, already shows neuronal damage and the therapeutic approach can only delay its progression.
Advances in Artificial Intelligence for Image Processing
Authors: Boopathi Sampath , Pandey Binay Kumar , Pandey Digvijay
Published: August 2023

AI has had a substantial influence on image processing, allowing cutting-edge methods and uses. The foundations of image processing are covered in this chapter, along with representation, formats, enhancement methods, and filtering. It digs into methods for machine learning, neural networks, optimization strategies, digital watermarking, picture security, cloud computing, image augmentation, and data pretreatment methods. The impact of cloud computing on platforms, performance, privacy, and security are also covered. The chapter's consideration of future trends and applications emphasises the substantial contributions that AI has made to image processing as well as the ethical and societal ramifications of this technology.
Application of Information Technology Law in India on IoT/IoE With Image Processing
Authors: Tripathi Ramesh Chandra , Gupta Poonam , Anand Rohit , Jayashankar R. Jayanthi , Mohanty Aparajita , Michael Gabriela , Dhabliya Dharmesh
Published: August 2023

In order to address the issues posed by emerging technologies like IoT, IP, and AI, the legislation governing information technology in India is undergoing a period of fast development (AI). Since these technologies are able to gather, share, and analyse massive quantities of data, regulations are necessary to safeguard individuals' right to privacy about such data. Companies and organizations need to have a full awareness of the legal framework around IoT/IoE, image processing, and AI in order to guarantee that they are in compliance with the laws that have been enacted. Companies and organisations may assist in guaranteeing that they are employing these technologies in a legally responsible way by using legal knowledge gained through understanding the legal consequences of using these technologies. It has been observed that there are several applications of IT law in India on IoT/ IoE. Present research work is considering the role of image processing in IoT environment.
Comparison of the Theoretical and Statistical Effects of the PCA and CNN Image Fusion Approaches
Authors: Agarwal Ashi , Pandey Binay Kumar , Devi Poonam , Kumar Sunil , Paramashivan Mukundan Appadurai , Agarwal Ritesh , Dadheech Pankaj
Published: August 2023

An image plays a vital role in today's environment. An image is a visual representation of anything that can be used in the future for recollecting or memorizing that scene. This visual representation is created by recording the scene through an optical device like a camera or mobile phone. The image fusion process helps integrate relevant data of the different images in a process into a single image. Image fusion applications are wide in range, and so is the fusion technique. In general, pixel, feature, and decision-based techniques for picture fusion are characterised. This study's main thrust is the application and comparison of two approaches to the image fusion process: PCA (principal component analysis) and CNN (convolutional neural network).The study implemented a practical approach to MATLAB. The result of the study is that CNN is much more favorable in terms of image quality and clarity but less favorable in terms of time and cost.
Integration of Image Processing and IoT for Enhanced Patient Health Checking
Authors: Manivannan R. , Pragathi Y. V. S. S. , Kanike Uday Kumar
Published: August 2023

The integration of image processing methods with IoT devices in healthcare has revolutionized patient health checking procedures, enabling continuous monitoring, automated image analysis, and personalized treatments. This improves diagnostic precision, prompt action, and favorable patient outcomes. Wearable health trackers and medical equipment collect real-time vital sign data, enabling informed judgments. IoT device integration also enables remote access, virtual consultations, and follow-ups, boosting patient engagement and treatment compliance. However, issues like data security, interoperability, and infrastructure must be resolved for successful deployment. Future directions include advancements in 6G networks, AI integration, augmented reality, and data fusion methods.
Intersecting epidemics: COVID-19 and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic review (2020-2022)
Authors: Tapera Talent , Odimegwu Clifford , Petlele Rebaone , Sello Matshidiso V. , Dzomba Armstrong , Aladejebi Oluwatoyin , Phiri Million
Published: August 2023

There has been significant progress with regards to winning the fight against HIV globally, particularly due to the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART). COVID‑19 threatened to derail gains in the fight against HIV. As we have started to see with studies on COVID‑19 and HIV, there is a need to ‘provide an in‑depth view’ in understanding the dynamics between the two epidemics, especially in sub‑Saharan Africa. We, therefore, undertook a systemic review of existing literature to synthesize the effects of COVID‑19 on the utilization of HIV services in sub‑Saharan Africa, the literature on the risks associated with HIV during the COVID‑19 pandemic, and lastly, the innovations and strategies adopted to continue receiving treatment in sub‑Saharan Africa. We conducted a systematic review of studies published between 2020 and April 2022. We searched for relevant sub‑Saharan studies in the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, J‑STOR, and Science Direct. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‑Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search identified 647 papers, and after screening, 41 were in line with the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. There was evidence of the negative effects of COVID‑19 on reducing HIV testing, ART treatment, and HIV prevention services. There is evidence pointing to the need for people living with HIV to be prioritized for COVID‑19 vaccinations. Innovations and strategies implemented to mitigate the effects of COVID‑19 on HIV services include community‑based ART distribution, multi‑month ART dispensing, the use of digital technologies, and the use of the already existing HIV infrastructure to fight COVID‑19. It is still imperative that future studies explore the predictors of utilization of HIV services in the advent of COVID‑19.
Systemic-onset Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in a young child
Authors: Hamidu Ahmed , Kofar Na'isa Musa Bello , Ibrahim Daiyabu Alhaji
Published: August 2023

We present a 31-month-old female child who was referred by the pediatricians with 1-year history of recurrent high-grade fever associated with polyarthritis and recurrent skin rash, which disappears within 24 hours of resolution of fever. She had lost the ability to walk unsupported because of persistent arthritis. Her Full Blood Count (FBC) was remarkable for marked leucocytosis, thrombocytosis, and a mild normocytic normochromic anemia; Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and C-reactive Protein (CRP) were both elevated at 110mm/hour and 200mg/L (<7) respectively while serial blood cultures were negative for septicemia and blood films were negative for acute leukemia; HIV, hepatitis B and C virus, tuberculosis, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, and connective tissue disease screenings were all negative. Her hemoglobin genotype is AA. She had repeatedly received treatments for malaria and ‘sepsis’ with parenteral and oral antimalarials and antibiotics with no permanent relief, hence the reason for referral to the rheumatologist. An assessment of Systemic-onset Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (SoJIA) was made when her serum ferritin came back elevated at 670ng/mL (4.63 – 204) and she was commenced on oral ibuprofen with remarkable improvement evidenced by resolution of fever, joint pain and rash and normalization of ESR, CRP and serum ferritin within 8 weeks of treatment. Although SoJIA is rare, it would be worthwhile to include this disease in the differential diagnoses and subsequent evaluation in any child presenting with unexplained recurrent fever associated with body rash and polyarthritis.
Evaluation of flow cytometric expressions of CD96 and CD123 on leukemic stem cells in patients with adult acute myeloid leukemia and their utility as prognostic markers
Authors: Ibrahim Rasha I. , Hegab Hany M.A. , Elmonem Minerva M.A. , Saeed Alia M.
Published: August 2023

Background

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease associated with a risk of relapse or refractoriness to the frontline agents. This is attributable to the quiescent leukemic stem cells (LSC). We aimed to determine the expression status of CD96 and CD123 on the surface of LSC in adult patients with AML and their relationship to prognosis.

Patients and methods

A total of 40 adult patients with de novo AML and 40 age-matched and sex-matched controls were recruited from Center ‘X,’ City ‘Y,’ Country ‘Y’ from June 2017 to February 2018, with 1-year follow-up. Bone marrow samples were collected for flow cytometric analysis using CD34, CD38, CD96, and CD123 monoclonal antibodies. For cases, samples were obtained at diagnosis and on day 28 after chemotherapy, whereas for controls, samples were taken once.

Results

CD96 and CD123 expressions are significantly higher in patients with AML as compared with controls. CD96 expression is associated with higher initial bone marrow and peripheral blood blast percentages. Day28 CD96 expression is positively correlated with its expression on day 0 and with CD123 expression at diagnosis, with P values of less than 0.001 and 0.034, respectively. Both markers were much more frequently expressed on LSCs in differentiated AML as compared with ill-differentiated subtypes (P<0.05). Both markers are linked to poor therapy outcome, with inferior progression-free survival among CD96-positive and CD123-positive cases at day 28 (P=0.035 and 0.041, respectively).

Conclusions

CD96 and CD123 represent potential targetable markers for the future development of therapeutic armamentarium for AML.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era
Authors: Alshomar Ahmad
Published: August 2023

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the production of mature granulocytes and their precursors that are dysregulated and uncontrolled. The presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) is the hallmark of CML; it encodes a chimeric protein with constitutive tyrosine kinase activity that leads to uncontrolled cell growth and eventually the development of CML. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) revolutionized the management of patients with CML. Before TKIs, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation had a major role in the treatment of these patients, but currently, its use is limited to cases presenting in the advanced phase and patients in the chronic phase failing multiple TKIs. In this article, the author summarizes the data about hematopoietic stem cell transplantation use in chronic phase CML, reviews the published guidelines, and provides his opinion.
Investigation of the Effect of Puncture Order and Position on the Difficulty of Lower and Middle Abdominal Port Placement
Authors: Nakai Chihiro , Yamanoi Koji , Horie Akihito , Yamaguchi Ken , Hamanishi Junzo , Mandai Masaki
Published: August 2023

Objectives:

Port placements at the mid-abdomen (mainstay of robotic surgery [Rob]) appear to be difficult compared to that at lower abdomen (mainstay of conventional laparoscopy [Con-Lap]). We hypothesized that the reason for this may be the difference in port puncture places.

Materials and Methods:

We examined how the differences between the place and puncture order of ports affected Con-Lap cases with ports mainly placed in the lower abdomen and Rob cases with ports mainly placed in the middle abdomen. The trocar time was measured from the time when the puncture position and skin incision were determined and initiated, respectively, to the time when the port was punctured and fixed and used as the indicator of difficulty.

Results:

In the Con-Lap group analysis, the trocar time of the left lower port was longer (right lower: 77 s, middle lower: 117.5 s, and left lower: 138 s, P < 0.0001). In the Rob group analysis, the trocar time of the left most port was significantly longer (right-most: 89.0 s, right-middle: 92.5 s, left-middle: 121.0 s, and left-most: 197.0 s; P < 0.0001). In addition, the total trocar time was significantly longer in the first puncture at the right-middle port in the Rob group (right-most first: 8.4 min, right-middle first: 12.4 min, and left-middle first: 8.5 min, P = 0.0063).

Conclusion:

In the mid-abdomen port placement, mainstay of Rob cases, the puncture order, and port site have a significant impact on the difficulty of the procedure. It is preferable to avoid initially puncturing the right-middle port in case of the Rob.
Synchronous Bilateral Torsion of Nonpathological Ovaries in an Adolescent Girl with Unilateral Recurrence
Authors: Vatsa Richa , Kulshrestha Vidushi , Bharti Juhi , Singhal Seema , Malhotra Neena
Published: August 2023

Synchronous bilateral ovarian torsion is rare that too in nonpathological ovaries. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case of synchronous bilateral ovarian torsion of nonpathological ovaries in adolescents. A 14-year-old girl presented with pain lower abdomen, vomiting, and constipation for the last 10 days. Ultrasonography (USG) suggested bilateral ovarian torsion without any ovarian pathology. Emergency laparoscopy confirmed bilateral ovarian torsion with necrosed-looking ovaries, and detorsion was done. During follow-up period, she had intermittent mild pain abdomen, and on USG, her left ovary returned to normal size, but her right ovary had been bulky throughout without any cyst. At around 10 months, the patient presented with severe abdomen pain. This time only right ovarian torsion was there. Laparoscopic bilateral ovarian detorsion with bilateral ovarian ligament plication was done. Ovarian torsion can be bilateral, even in nonpathological ovaries. Ovarian fixation should be done in these cases to prevent recurrent torsion.
Selective therapy (cryo or scalpel) combined with multimodal therapy for treating keloids
Authors: Savant Sushil S , Savant Satish S , Daruwala Feral
Published: August 2023

Background:

Keloids are less responsive to any single treatment modality; hence, there is a need for combination therapy that can yield satisfactory outcomes.

Objective:

The present study assessed efficacy and safety of combination therapy—surgical excision or cryotherapy and intralesional corticosteroids along with 5-fluorouracil [IL (S + 5-FU)] injection, followed by silicone gel sheet (SGS) under compression therapy in the treatment of keloids.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective, observational study comprising 21 clinically diagnosed keloid patients. All patients were treated with the stated combination therapy. Data about demographic, lesions, procedural characteristics, and treatment outcomes were reported.

Results:

Of 21, 11 (52.4%) patients were treated with liquid nitrogen (LN2) cryotherapy, and 10 (47.6%) patients were treated with surgical excision. Mean age was 30.8 ± 7.6 (range: 14–44) years with slight male (52.4%) predominance. A mean surface area of keloid lesion was 96.8 ± 170.5 cm3. The most frequently involved site was auricle (8 [38.1%] patients). Patients received the following types of treatments: intralesional LN2cryotherapy (6 [28.6%]), intralesional excisional surgery (6 [28.6%]), surface LN2cryotherapy (5 [23.8%]), and extralesional excisional surgery (4 [19.0%]). Complications of recurrence (2 [9.5%]), secondary infections (2 [9.5%]), persistent postinflammatory hypopigmentation (1 [4.8%]), and atrophic scarring with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (1 [4.8%]) were reported. After a study period of 2.5 years, 100% cure rate was achieved.

Conclusion:

Combination therapy of surgical excision or cryotherapy and IL (S + 5-FU), followed by SGS under compression, was safe and effective in treating keloids.
Prevalence of anemia in primary care patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in Oman
Authors: Alsalmani Asma A. , Alalawi Nouf M. , Alsumri Hana , Aljabri Maha K. , Alharami Ghassan , Alweshahi Ruqaiya , Alhabsi Aziza
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Previous research has highlighted potential associations between anemia, diabetes, and worsening kidney disease. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the prevalence of anemia in patients with both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at a primary care center in Oman.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Primary Care Clinic of Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman. All patients with established diagnoses of CKD and T2DM who attended appointments at the clinic in 2020 and 2021 were included. Data concerning the patients’ sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, clinical findings, and laboratory results during past six months were retrieved from the hospital’s information system. Patients were contacted via telephone for clarification in the event of any missing data. SPSS version 23 was used for Statistical analyses of the data. Frequencies and percentages were used to present categorical variables. Chi-squared tests were used to determine association between anemia and demographic and clinical variables.

RESULTS:

A total of 300 patients with T2DM and CKD were included in the study; 52% were male, 54.3% were 51–65 years of age, and majority (88%) were either overweight or obese. The majority of patients (62.7%) had Stage 1 CKD followed by Stage 2 (34.3%) and Stage 3 (3%). The total prevalence of anemia was 29.3%, with 31.4%, 24.3%, and 44.4% of Stage 1, Stage 2, and Stage 3 CKD patients being anemic, respectively. The frequency of anemia was significantly higher in female than male patients (41.7% vs. 17.9%; P < 0.001). No associations were observed between anemia status and other sociodemographic or clinical characteristics.

CONCLUSION:

The prevalence of anemia in CKD and T2DM primary care patients in Oman was 29.3%, with gender as the only factor significantly associated with anemia status. Routine screening of anemia in diabetic nephropathy patients is highly recommended.
The effectiveness of self-empowerment-based patient-centered care for obese students in primary services: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dewi Dian K. , Sekartini Rini , Sunardi Diana , Soewondo Pradana , Yunir Em , Widyahening Indah S. , Asih Sali R. , Seman Anitawati , Latuasan Kitra , Vidiawati Dhanasari
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Self-empowerment-based patient-centered services with a coaching approach are imperative in the management of students with obesity. This study evaluated the applicability and effectiveness of self-empowerment-based patient-centered coaching for the weight loss program model for obese students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This randomized control trial recruited 60 obese students aged 17–22 years in Universitas Indonesia from August to December 2021. Intervention group subjects were coached by a health coach. Each health coach assisted four subjects with SMART model coaching in six meetings every 2 weeks through a zoom platform. Both groups had instructions on obesity, nutrition, and physical activity from specialist doctors online. Paired t-test or Mann-Whitney test, as appropriate, to compare the measurements of anthropometry, body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), food intake (food record form), physical activity (physical activity form), subjective well-being (subjective well-being questionnaire), and healthy behavior habits (satisfaction scale) between the two groups before and after the intervention.

RESULTS:

A total of 41 obese students completed the study, 23 from intervention group and 18 from the control group. The change in total body fat (−0.9 [−12.9, 0.70] vs. 0.0 [−6.9, 3.50], P = 0.02) and healthy behavior habit (13.5 ± 11.85 vs. 7.5 ± 8.08, P = 0.04) in the intervention group was significantly greater than in the control group. The change in satisfaction scale of hobby/passion (2 [−4.6] vs. 1 [−2.2], P = 0.02), movement exercise (2.3 ± 2.11 vs. 1.2 ± 1.93, P = 0.03), sleep rest (2 [−6.5] vs. 1 [−3.2], P = 0.01), and spiritual (1 [0.6] vs. 0 [−1.3], P = 0.00) was significantly higher in the coached group.

CONCLUSION:

A weight loss program for obese students was tested through self-empowerment-based patient-centered care with a coaching approach and has proven to effect changes in anthropometric indicators, body composition, self-empowerment, food intake, and physical activity.
Giant Cell Tumor of Skull Base
Authors: Pemmaraju Gopal , Singh Anuradha , Parab Anand Shamsundar , Barsing Shubhangi Dilip
Published: August 2023

Giant cell tumors (GCTs) of bone constitute 3%–5% of all the bone tumors. GCTs are uncommon, locally aggressive, osteolytic neoplasms commonly seen in early adulthood. Involvement of cranial and facial bones is rare and comprises 2% of all the cases. Sphenoid and temporal bones are the most common sites of GCTs in head and neck. Although complete resection may not be possible, feasibility of partial resection depending on the extent and involvement of critical structures should be the best alternative. GCTs, though historically considered radioresistant, have a dose-dependent effect. This is a case report of a 20-year-old male, who presented with headache, blurring of vision in both the eyes, and diplopia for 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 4.5 cm × 3.4 cm × 3.5 cm lesion involving superior body of clivus, sphenoid sinus, and floor of sella, adherent to anterior pituitary gland along the superior aspect, indenting optic chiasm with extrinsic compression and bulging into bilateral cavernous sinuses. The patient underwent endoscopic transnasal partial resection of the lesion. Histopathological examination showed tissue containing numerous osteoclasts such as giant cells separated by round to spindle-shaped mononuclear cells. On immunohistochemistry, the giant cells were positive for CD 68 with Ki 67 proliferation index about 15%–20% in highest proliferating areas. The patient underwent definitive radiation treatment to a radiation dose of 55 Gy in 31 fractions over 6 weeks. The patient tolerated treatment well with minimal toxicities, his vision improved by the end of treatment. The patient needs to be assessed for radiological response and late side effects. GCTs of the skull are rare benign osteolytic locally aggressive lesions generally seen in early adulthood. En bloc surgical resection is the treatment of choice but has high local recurrence rates. Radiation is the treatment of choice in unresectable, partially resected, and recurrent tumors. With the advent of advanced techniques such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy/volumetric-modulated arc therapy, better dose distribution can be achieved in the target minimizing dose to the critical structures. Imaging with daily kilovolt cone-beam computed tomography is essential in the treatment of tumors of the skull for precise treatment delivery.
Treatment Pattern and Overall Survival in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus Over Two Decades
Authors: Nasreen Shahida , Hussain Shaiba , Andleeb Asifa , Manzoor Arshad , Fatima Kaneez , Sofi Mushtaq Ahmad
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Kashmir Valley of India lies at the edge of the “Asian esophageal cancer belt.” A number of treatment modalities have been delivered to the patients of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma at our Regional Cancer Centre. We considered it worthwhile to analyze the outcome of all these modalities.

Materials and Methods:

In the Department of Radiation Oncology of our institute, retrospective analysis of 2090 patients was done, who were diagnosed with nonmetastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus from 1993 to 2013. Of these 2090 cases, only 1337 patients only completed the treatment. Seven hundred and fifty-three patients either did not report for treatment after registration or did not complete the treatment. These 1337 patients were reviewed in terms of dysphagia relief, local disease control, distant metastasis, and overall survival (OS) at 1 and 2 years. They were grouped into 14 different groups as per the treatment received from A to N.

Results:

Fourteen different treatment modalities have been used at our center from 1993 to 2013. The overall percentage of local recurrence was 14.95%, highest being in Group L (26.65) and nil in Group M. About 32.57% of patients developed distance metastasis, highest (50%) in Group J, and nil in Group M. The most common site of failure was the supraclavicular nodes (7%), followed by the bone, liver, lung, and brain. OS at 1 and 2 years was 51.86% and 20.55%, respectively. However, it could not designate any particular modality as the best for treating patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Conclusion:

We concluded from our study that the most common failure in squamous cell carcinoma esophagus is the distant metastasis. Local recurrences are least in patients who underwent surgery. Unfortunately, we could not point out a single group from the study which could be deemed as the best treatment modality for carcinoma esophagus.
The Effect of Melatonin and Carnitine on Radiation Nephropathy
Authors: Ozdemir Ozge , Okumus Nilgun Ozbek , Gursel Bilge , Meydan Ahmet Deniz , Meydan Bilge Can , Yapici Oktay , Rakici Sema Yilmaz
Published: August 2023

Aims:

We aimed to show the protective effect of carnitine and melatonin (MEL) on kidney which were applied before the radiotherapy.

Materials and Methods:

Seventy-two male Wistar Albino rats were divided six equal groups as Group 1 radiotherapy, Group 2 radiotherapy and MEL, Group 3 radiotherapy and carnitine, Group 4 MEL, Group 5 carnitine, and Group 6 control. Whole abdominal radiotherapy of 10 Gy was applied to the radiotherapy groups. Renal scintigraphy was performed under anesthesia on all rats after a follow-up period of 8 weeks. Histopathologic examination was performed in kidneys.

Results:

Group 1 showed a statistically significant deterioration of renal scintigraphy function (P < 0.05). Group 2 and Group 3 showed a better function of scintigraphical renal function and there was no significance between the control. There was no damage seen by light microscopy in Group 1, 2, 3. When evaluated histomorphological, there was a significant increase of glomerular width in Group 1 whereas Group 2 and Group 3's glomerular width decreases to the level of control group's (P < 0.00).

Conclusion:

As a conclusion, we consider that adding carnitine and MEL to the radiotherapy of patients who has a long-expected survival will prevent the complications due to radiotherapy.
Erdős–Ko–Rado theorem in Peisert-type graphs
Authors: Yip Chi Hoi
Published: August 2023

The celebrated Erdős–Ko–Rado (EKR) theorem for Paley graphs of square order states that all maximum cliques are canonical in the sense that each maximum clique arises from the subfield construction. Recently, Asgarli and Yip extended this result to Peisert graphs and other Cayley graphs which are Peisert-type graphs with nice algebraic properties on the connection set. On the other hand, there are Peisert-type graphs for which the EKR theorem fails to hold. In this article, we show that the EKR theorem of Paley graphs extends to almost all pseudo-Paley graphs of Peisert-type. Furthermore, we establish the stability results of the same flavor.
Rekompensata za koszty odzyskiwania należności – wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Matejko Witold
Published: August 2023

Compensation for recovery costs – selected issues

The subject of consideration is the right of the creditor to demand a flat-rate compensation for recovery costs from the debtor, established in the Act on Prevention of Excessive Delays in Commercial Transactions. Since its introduction into the Polish legal order, this right has given rise to significant interpretative doubts, particularly concerning the prerequisites for rendering the compensation immediately due and payable, the debtor’s ability to defend against this claim, and the issue of including the compensation in the costs of the lawsuit or in the value of the subject matter of the dispute in court proceedings. These doubts, in the author’s opinion, are largely due to the shortcomings of the legal regulation of compensation, which does not include in its scope many important issues, as well as its highly autonomous nature, which in turn prevents the analogous application of solutions concerning other legal institutions