bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un état des lieux de la maltraitance des jeunes enfants en France. Les enjeux psychiques dans la relation mère-enfant
Authors: Govindama Yolande
Published: April 2015

Les mauvais traitements et les violences mortelles portés à de jeunes enfants sont devenus un souci de santé publique en France. Ce travail présente un bref historique de la question, et présente l’état des lieux et des causes en fonction des différents types de violences. La prédominance des violences mortelles des bébés conduit à repérer, à la lumière de la clinique singulière, la persistance d’un fantasme d’infanticide sous-jacent dans les maltraitances qui se réalise dans la mort des bébés. L’hypothèse que ce fantasme d’infanticide serait universel et inhérent à la maternité est discutée à travers une recherche clinique anthropologique. Deux cas cliniques illustrent notre propos. Un projet de recherche en cours sur les maltraitances sur les enfants de 0 à 3 ans, leur appartenance culturelle et leurs effets sur leur développement, est présenté dans la conclusion pour approfondir cette hypothèse.
La responsabilité sociale de l’entreprise (RSE) dans l’espace Ohada : pour une ouverture aux considérations non économiques
Authors: Diawara Karounga , Lavallée Sophie
Published: April 2015

La RSE renvoie d’abord à l’idée selon laquelle l’entreprise se voit aujourd’hui tenue, de par le contexte socio-économique dans lequel elle évolue, d’aller au-delà de la seule finalité spéculative et économique au profit de ses seuls membres, pour intégrer dans sa prise de décisions des considérations plus holistiques de nature éthique, sociale et environnementale pour le bénéfice de toutes les parties prenantes. La RSE est ainsi un concept-phare dont l’objet est de concilier les objectifs économiques avec des considérations d’ordre social, éthique et environnemental. Elle a la particularité d’interroger les interactions entre l’entreprise et son environnement sociétal, éthique et écologique. L’objet de ce texte est modeste, sans pour autant être dénué d’intérêt. Il s’agit d’abord une étude exploratoire qui tente de poser les premiers jalons d’une analyse plus exhaustive du potentiel de la RSE dans le droit de l’espace Ohada. Notre étude se veut donc à la fois théorique et pragmatique : elle consiste à formuler des questions et des pistes de réflexions dans une perspective normative grandement imprégnée par une analyse socio-économique. Un des intérêts de notre propos est d’envisager de manière globale une notion complexe, répondant à plusieurs préoccupations et qui est traversée par différents cadres conceptuels devant faire l’objet d’une relecture «éclairée» et d’envisager sa potentielle opérationnalisation au sein du droit Ohada. Une telle démarche constitue une contribution inédite qui pourrait mener, à terme, à la constitution d’un Comité de réflexion transnational sur la RSE au sein de l’Ohada. Le concept de RSE, qui est né aux États-Unis dans un contexte déterminé, avant de connaître une diffusion progressive dans le reste du monde est, depuis ses origines, le terreau de vives controverses concernant le rôle de l’entreprise dans la société, et du rôle du droit dans sa promotion, son encadrement et la sanction des violations à ses pratiques. Cet examen nous permettra, dans une seconde partie, de mettre en exergue les possibilités de réception de la RSE dans le droit Ohada, en tenant compte des objectifs et de la dynamique de celui-ci.
Le critère du bien-être du consommateur comme objectif exclusif de la politique de concurrence. Une mise en perspective sur la base de l’histoire de l’antitrust américain
Authors: Marty Frédéric
Published: April 2015

La mise en œuvre des règles de concurrence doit se fonder, pour la Commission européenne, sur une approche par les effets sur le modèle de l’antitrust américain. La logique sous-jacente à cette approche devrait conduire à adopter la maximisation du bien-être du consommateur comme critère de décision exclusif, conformément aux prescriptions de l’École de Chicago. Notre propos est d’analyser au travers de l’histoire de l’antitrust américain la façon dont ce modèle s’est imposé et de montrer que des critères alternatifs, tels la justice distributive ou le contrôle des pouvoirs économiques privés, ont pu ou peuvent encore être pris en considération concurremment à cette approche.
Les médecins contre le plan Juppé : une mobilisation dans la durée
Authors: Hassenteufel Patrick
Published: April 2015

La mobilisation des médecins libéraux contre le plan Juppé, nouvelle manifestation des conflits entre les médecins et l’État depuis la mise en place d’un système d’assurance maladie en France, s‘inscrit dans deux temps assez différents. Tout d’abord (fin 1995-début 1996), les médecins, du fait de leurs divisions internes et du recours aux ordonnances, n’infléchissent qu’à la marge les dispositions de la réforme qu’ils rejettent. Puis, à partir de 1997, ils parviennent, grâce à une action juridique, au soutien de la droite parlementaire et à plusieurs mobilisations, à vider de leur contenu puis à obtenir la suppression des mécanismes de sanction inscrits dans les ordonnances de 1996. L’opposition au plan Juppé est donc un exemple important de la capacité des médecins à empêcher la mise en place de mécanismes contraignants remettant en cause des principes de la médecine libérale.
Durable mais inégalitaire : la ville
Authors: Raibaud Yves
Published: April 2015

Cet article interroge des projets urbains qui semblent faire consensus dans les villes européennes (pénalisation du trafic automobile intra-urbain, encouragement du deux-roues motorisé, du vélo et de la marche à pied, du tramway et des autres transports en commun, du covoiturage) du point de vue des inégalités femmes hommes, à partir d’une série de recherches menées sur l’agglomération urbaine de Bordeaux (France). L’analyse d’une enquête sur les mobilités montre en effet que les femmes seraient défavorisées par ces mesures, aussi bien en raison des tâches qui leurs sont majoritairement dévolues (accompagnement des enfants, des personnes âgées, courses etc.), par le fait qu’elles ont une moins grande habileté dans les mobilités alternatives, ou par le sentiment de leur vulnérabilité dans l’espace public (crainte de l’agression dans certains quartiers et la nuit). A qui profite la ville durable ? Comment et où se décident ses nouveaux usages ? Comment se mettent en place les changements de comportements nécessaires à cette transition vers une ville que ses promoteurs décrivent comme douce, calme, belle, apaisée ? Cet article pose l’hypothèse que les bonnes pratiques de la ville durable ressemblent fort à de nouveaux habits de la domination masculine.
Stéréotypes de genre dans la pratique de l’urbanisme
Authors: Tummers Lidewij
Published: April 2015

Traditionnellement, les projets d’aménagement de territoires « inclusifs » ciblaient des « groupes vulnérables », comme « élément du décor » et non pas comme des acteurs. Dans les années 1990, des chercheuses féministes européennes et des urbanistes ont développé de nouvelles méthodes pour pallier cette carence. L’évaluation de ces nouvelles approches de planification, fondée sur l’« approche intégrée de l’égalité », montre toutefois une prise en compte limitée du genre qu’il convient d’expliquer. Cette contribution examine, dans les professions du développement urbain, les stéréotypes liés au genre et les hypothèses qui peuvent renforcer les rôles de sexe dus au genre. Elle discute quatre types de stratégies dans les politiques intégrées d’égalité entre les sexes. Celles-ci mettent en évidence les effets des codes genrés dans la pratique, par exemple sur la densité, l’usage mixte des rues, mais aussi sur les questions des services, de la sécurité et de l’accessibilité. Par ailleurs, l’article met en lumière le potentiel des approches sensibles au genre, tant comme force d’innovation pour la recherche en urbanisme que pour les relations entre dynamiques sociales et spatiales.
Placental site trophoblastic tumor: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lucas Rita , Cunha Teresa Margarida , Santos Filipa Batista
Published: April 2015

We present a case of a gravida 1 para 1  woman, who presented with an 11-month history of amenorrhea after cesarean delivery. The patient was taking birth control pills at the time of presentation. She was observed with a slight elevation of serum ?-hCG level, an enlarged heterogeneous uterus and hematometra. A biopsy was performed, and the patient was diagnosed with placental site trophoblastic tumor; the patient then underwent surgery. Placental site trophoblastic tumor is the rarest form of gestational trophoblastic disease, derived from intermediate trophoblast cells. It does not have a pathognomonic appearance; therefore, correlation with medical history, as well as results of laboratory tests and pathological analysis is mandatory. It is a relatively chemoresistant tumor, posing considerable therapeutic challenges; patients with localized disease are managed with surgery and those with metastatic disease require additional chemotherapy. Herein, we review the main features of this entity and top differential diagnosis, as the rarity of this tumor is associated with imaging and pathological pitfalls, reinforcing the need for further experience in this field.
Adaptability of Backcasting for Sustainable Development
Authors: Wieners Eva , Neuburger Martina , Schickhoff Udo
Published: April 2015

To cope with problems like climate change, lack of food security, and poverty, a more reasonable use of existing resources is needed. Hence, a transition towards a sustainable behavior in the industrial as well as the developing countries is of core importance. Transition management and backcasting are two methodologies that have been developed mainly in the Netherlands to achieve this behavioral change. This paper examines in a case study, in a small village in the mid-hills of Nepal, whether these methodologies are also applicable in a developing country. Moreover it analyzes which adjustments are needed to achieve good outcomes. First results show that this methodology seems to be appropriate to trigger a change in thinking towards long-term considerations amongst the small scale farmers. Long-range thinking and future envisioning can stimulate investments in technologies that tend to be sustainable and guarantee a more stable return in the long run. Compared to programs in Europe, instructors should adjust time frame and workshop design.
Study of Fetal Anatomy using Ultrasound Images
Authors: Sandeep Kumar E.  , Sriraam N.
Published: April 2015

Ultrasound imaging has widespread applications in medical field, especially for the study and assessment of fetus in the womb of pregnant woman. This paper highlights the background information regarding basics of ultrasound imaging, the various anatomical terminologies related to human body and fetus, and various steps to identify the organs of fetus using ultrasound images with major emphasis on the fetus heart detection. The paper serves an information source for any engineering person from non-medical background to carry out his/ her research in fetal ultrasound image analysis.
The Covert Strengthening of Islamic Extremists under Ronald Reagan and George W. Bush
Authors: Cooley Jason
Published: April 2015

Some political analysts in the U.S. manage to remain objective as they examine a particular subject. However, there are many who let their political leanings impact the conclusions that they reach in their respective publications. An analyst with a conservative bias will usually seek to enhance the image of a Republican by comparing him to Ronald Reagan and other revered figures that were associated with the Grand Old Party at one time. In 2001, George W. Bush signed a bill that substantially cut taxes in the United States. Shortly after this turn of events, various conservative writers started to compare him to Reagan since he also provided American taxpayers with relief during his first term in office.
Secure and Efficient Medical Image Transmission by New Tailored Visual Cryptography Scheme with LS Compressions
Authors: Manimurugan S. , Narmatha C.
Published: April 2015

Exchanging a medical image via network from one place to another place or storing a medical image in a particular place in a secure manner has become a challenge. To overwhelm this, secure medical image Lossless Compression (LC) schemes have been proposed. The original input grayscale medical images are encrypted by Tailored Visual Cryptography Encryption Process (TVCE) which is a proposed encryption system. To generate these encrypted images, four types of processes are adopted which play a vital role. These processes are Splitting Process, Converting Process, Pixel Process and Merging process. The encrypted medical image is compressed by proposed compression algorithms, i.e Pixel Block Short algorithm (PBSA) and one conventional Lossless Compression (LC) algorithm has been adopted (JPEG 2000LS). The above two compression methods are used to separate compression for encrypted medical images. And also, decompressions have been done in a separate manner. The encrypted output image which is generated from decompression of the proposed compression algorithm, JPEG 2000LS are decrypted by the Tailored Visual Cryptography Decryption Process (TVCD). To decrypt the encrypted grayscale medical images, four types of processes are involved. These processes are Segregation Process, Inverse Pixel Process, 8-Bit into Decimal Conversion Process and Amalgamate Process. However, this paper is focused on the proposed visual cryptography only. From these processes, two original images have been reconstructed which are given by two compression algorithms. Ultimately, two combinations are compared with each other based on the various parameters. These techniques can be implemented in the field for storing and transmitting medical images in a secure manner. The Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability (CIA property) of a medical image have also been proved by the experimental results. In this paper we have focused on only proposed visual cryptography scheme.
Watermark Embedding for Multiscale Error Diffused Halftone Images by Adopting Visual Cryptography
Authors: Guo Yuanfang , Au Oscar C. , Tang Ketan
Published: April 2015

Error Diffusion has been widely adopted in the printing industry due to its good visual quality and simple implementation. However, error diffusion still possesses its own deficiencies. Thus multiscale error diffusion (MED) has been developed, and this method outperforms traditional error diffusion according to extensive research results. The majority of previous halftone image watermarking techniques cannot be directly applied to MED halftone images. Since there is no halftone visual watermarking (HVW) method for MED halftone images in existing methods, we propose the first HVW method for MED halftone images, Copyright Protecting Multiscale Error Diffusion (CoP-MED), in this paper. By adopting the visual cryptography principle, CoP-MED can effectively embed a secret pattern into two MED halftone images, where the secret pattern can be decoded clearly by simply overlaying the two stego halftone images or performing not-exclusive-or operation between them. Parameter selection is also discussed based on the experimental results. Later, in comparison tests, CoP-MED shows superior performance compared to existing works.
Qualitative Evaluation of Multimedia Contents for Different Media Types and Media Quality
Authors: Sugita Kaoru , Nishimura Ken , Ishida Tomoyuki
Published: April 2015

In our previous work, we have proposed a new concept of ‘universal multimedia access' to narrow the digital divide by providing appropriate multimedia expressions according to users' (mental and physical) abilities, computer facilities, and network environments. In our approach, we consider some switching functions such as user interface switching, media switching and QoS switching. We evaluated some types of user interfaces for different age groups and devices. In this paper, we discuss the effectiveness of media switching and QoS Control functions and present the qualitative evaluation of multimedia contents for different media types and media quality.
Implementing a Fuzzy Logic Based Algorithm to Predict Solar and Wind Energies in a Hybrid Renewable Energy System
Authors: Faquir Sanaa , Yahyaouy Ali , Tairi Hamid , Sabor Jalal
Published: April 2015

The use of multi sources systems of energy progressed significantly in different industrial sectors. Between all the existing sources of energy, batteries and renewable sources, such as photovoltaic and wind, contain the highest specified energy. However, solar and wind energies are not available all the time, their performance is affected by unpredictable weather changes and therefore, it is difficult to control as it is not always feasible to obtain an accurate mathematical model of the controlled system. Also, uncertainty of the wind power can affect system stability. This paper presents a computer algorithm based on fuzzy logic control (FLC) to estimate the wind and solar energies in a hybrid renewable energy system from natural factors. The wind power was estimated using the wind speed as an input parameter and the solar power was estimated using the temperature and the lighting as input parameters.
Supplier Selection and Order Allocation Based on Integer Programming
Authors: Beauchamp Hayden , Novoa Clara , Ameri Farhad
Published: April 2015

The ability to assess and select new suppliers quickly and efficiently is a critical requirement for improving the agility of manufacturing supply chains. The Digital Manufacturing Market (DMM) is a web-based platform for intelligent supply chain configuration. This research enhances the DMM's performance by developing a column generation method for solving the supplier selection problem. The objective of the proposed method is to maximize the technological competencies of the selected suppliers while meeting their capacity constraints. The column generation method resolves the issue of limited scalability of a traditional linear programming formulation and can be integrated into the DMM. Additionally, using test generated problems, this research evaluates the effect on reducing the threshold distance traveled by semi-finished parts in the work orders. The results show that an economy of distance can be imposed with little effect on average match compatibility.
Analyzing Petrol Scarcity Risk in Nigeria
Authors: Akpan Sunday S. , Nnamseh Michael
Published: April 2015

Petrol scarcity is a malady and a serious economic problem in Nigeria. Successive governments have, often times, used it as a case for political advances, yet petrol scarcity remained an undefeatable macroeconomic monster in Nigeria. The need for petrol, its availability and affordability is obviously important especially as the risks and its attendant effects are undesirable. Thus, this investigation focuses on the strategic management approaches for minimizing its occurrence. From the analysis, excessive corruption, mismanagement of government treasury, etc., were found as causes of petrol scarcity while socioeconomic unrest, hike in transport fare, retardation of economic growth, etc were found as its associated risks. Also government strategies of task force formation and downstream sector reforms were found to have no significant mitigating effect on petrol scarcity. Consequently, the use of balanced scorecard, SWOT analyses etc were recommended as potent strategic approaches for managing and forestalling petrol scarcity in Nigeria.
On a Novel Cognitive Knowledge Base (CKB) for Cognitive Robots and Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Yingxu
Published: April 2015

A cognitive knowledge base (CKB) is a novel structure of intelligent knowledge base that represents and manipulates knowledge as a dynamic concept network mimicking human knowledge processing. The essence of CKB is the denotational mathematical model of formal concept that is dynamically associated to other concepts in a CKB beyond conventional rule-based or ontology-based knowledge bases. This paper presents a formal CKB and autonomous knowledge manipulation system based on recent advances in neuroinformatics, concept algebra, semantic algebra, and cognitive computing. An item knowledge in CKB is represented by a formal concept, while the entire knowledge base is embodied by a dynamic concept network. The CKB system is manipulated by algorithms of knowledge acquisition and retrieval on the basis of concept algebra. CKB serves as a kernel of cognitive learning engines for cognitive robots and machine learning systems. CKB plays a central role not only in explaining the mechanisms of human knowledge acquisition and learning, but also in the development of cognitive robots, cognitive learning engines, and knowledge-based systems.
Study of the Rheological Properties of Materials at the Blade Processing on Example of Milling Nickel-Chromium Alloy 10H11N23T3 MR VD
Authors: Khaimovich Alexander I. , Balaykin Andrey V. , Galkina Natalia V.
Published: April 2015

This article describes a method of determination of the parameters of the rheological material properties of nickel-chromium alloy 10H11N23T3 MR VD used in aircraft engine building, while milling. To register a component of the cutting forceFx, Fy, Fzrealtime we used the dynamometer Kistler 9257V. The calculations were performed in the CAE system Deform with the use of FEM-model.
Increasing Efficiency by Applying the Arc Covered-Electrode Welding for Repairing Magnetized Pipelines
Authors: Kiselev A.S. , Gordynets A.S. , Dedyuh R.I. , Saraev Yu.N. , Bezborodov V.P.
Published: April 2015

Issues of development of adaptive pulse-arc welding methods for construction and repair of the main pipelines are considered in this work. Welding methods are made on the basis of examination of smelting kinetics and transfer of some electrode metal. These methods allow ensuring a defect-free forming of root, filling and facing seams of welding combination in different space positions.
Assessing the Metal Consumption for Manufacturing a Conical Part by Hollow Billet Crimp-Expansion and Sheet Blanks Drawing Crimping
Authors: Zvonov Sergey , Shlyapugin Aleksey
Published: April 2015

The process of hollow conical forming is described for two schemes: crimp-distribution for hollow billets and stretching from sheet billet with subsequent crimping for cylindrical blank. The item thickness varying was investigated for these schemes. Dependency of technological allowance ratio on crimping coefficient and expansion ration for items allowance was investigated. The effectiveness of stretching from sheet billet with subsequent crimping was proven.
Copper Removal from Industrial Wastewaters by Natural Clinoptilolite and Mordenite
Authors: Petranovskii Vitalii , Khrepoun Maria , Efimov Andrey , Pestryakov Alexey
Published: April 2015

The removal and recuperation of copper from the residual liquors of galvanic industry by ion exchange have been studied using the natural clinoptilolite and mordenite zeolites from different deposits of Russia and Georgia.
Multiscale Simulation of Porous Quasi-Brittle Ceramics Fracture
Authors: Skripnyak Vladimir V. , Skripnyak Evgeniya G. , Skripnyak Vladimir A. , Vaganova Irina K. , Bragov Anatoly M. , Lomunov Andrei K. , Igumnov Leonid A.
Published: April 2015

Multiscale computer simulation approach has been applied to research mechanisms of failure in ceramic nanostructured ceramics under dynamic loading. The obtained experimental and theoretical data indicate quasi-brittle fracture of nanostructured ZrB2 ceramics under dynamic compression and tension. Damage nucleation and accumulation in quasi brittle nanostructured ceramics were simulated under impact loadings. Fracture of nanostructured ultra-high temperature ceramics under pulse and shock-wave loadings is provided by fast processes of intercrystalline brittle fracture and relatively slow processes of quasi-brittle failure via growth and coalescence of opened microcracks. For nanostructures ZrB2 ceramics with porosity of 7 %, the compressive strength at strain rate of 1800 s-1 is equal to 2440±50 MPa, the tensile strength at strain rate of 300 s-1 is equal to 155±20 MPa.
Phase Composition and Mechanical Properties Modification in Cr/Ti System by Short-Pulsed High Intensity Ion Beams Treatment
Authors: Shymanski V.I. , Remnev G.E. , Pavlov S.K. , Uglov V.V.
Published: April 2015

In the present the results of research of structure, phase composition and microhardness measurement of the surface layers of the Cr/Ti system treated by short-pulsed high intensity ion beams (HPIB) are presented. It was shown that the HPIB impact on a “coating/substrate” system can serve as an affective way to produce near-surface alloys in the metals. In particular, in the Cr/Ti system the formation of solid solution β-Ti (Cr) as well as titanium carbide TiCx was revealed. The found changes in structure and phase composition of titanium caused by the HPIB impact allow to increase its microhardness in 2 times.
Thermo-Physical Model of the Lamellate System Grinding
Authors: Shmidt Irina V. , Dyakonov Aleksandr A.
Published: April 2015

Generated model of the temperature pattern in the lamellate system takes into account system structure, thermo-physical parameters of the each layer material, and process factors: acting heat source duration and intensity, heat dissipation to process liquid, allowing calculating cutting modes, maximum allowed per heating temperature for each layer of the system.
Optimization Method in 2-D Problems of Material Body Cloaking
Authors: Alekseev Gennady V. , Lobanov Aleksey
Published: April 2015

We consider the control problem for two-dimensional model of the electromagnetic field which describes the scattering E-polarized electromagnetic waves in an infinite homogeneous medium containing permeable dielectric obstacle with a partially covered (for masking) boundary. The role of control function is played by surface conductivity entering the impedance boundary condition on the covered part of the boundary and the index of refraction of the dielectric obstacle. We prove the solvability of the control problem, derive the optimality system which describes the necessary conditions of an extremum and develop an efficient numerical algorithm for the solution of the control problem.
Theoretical and Experimental Study of Led Luminaire
Authors: Gurin S.Yu. , Akimov B.V. , Gritsenko B.P.
Published: April 2015

Today, the LED illumination takes one of the leading positions in the segment of lighting equipment. This is due to the lighting market demanding energy-efficient and ecologically safe sources of light. The purpose of this project was to investigate the temperature conditions of Сree LEDs, depending on impressed current. The basic idea was to obtain dependencies that could be used to select the optimal operating mode for getting the most LED lamp efficiency. Calculation of thermal conditions was held with the help of a special software application SolidWorks Flow Simulation. In the course of research 5 PCBs mounted on the aluminum housing of the designed luminaire were calculated. On each board different current from 0.35A to 1.5A was impressed. LED quantity on PCBs was chosen so that the luminous flux was the same on all the boards - 5klm. After the calculations the graphs and experiments, reflecting energy efficient characteristics of the luminaire were obtained. The analysis of obtained results elucidates that the operating heat regimes at LED supply currents varying from 0.35 A to 0.7 A are most suitable for the effective work of a lamp. At currents higher than 1 A, there is a considerable drop of the light output. The calculation of LEDs thermal condition (especially, powerful) and the choice of a suitable cooling system is one of the main criteria in the design of a reliable and durable LED lighting system.
The Synthesis, Designing and Analysis of the Spatial Mechanisms with Imposed Constraints
Authors: Fomin Alexey
Published: April 2015

The present study provides structural synthesis, designing of 3D models and kinematic analysis of the developed spatial one-and two-movable mechanisms with imposed constraints. These mechanisms have an opportunity of technological application as mechanisms for cutting the complex internal surfaces of machine elements. The mechanisms produce a special kind of screw motion which is the most suitable means for cutting of complex spatial surfaces. Structural synthesis was based on mathematical solution of universal structural system where numbers of kinematic pairs and movable links were calculated. 3D-modelling analysis allowed to identify motion paths of their output links with machining tools. This investigation results gave an opportunity to analyze the tools motion, optimize their constructions and use of relevant parameters, and design their motions to obtain specified surfaces of machine elements.
Buckling Analysis of Stiffened Plates by Ritz Method
Authors: Savelyev L.M. , Borisova O.V.
Published: April 2015

The Ritz method is used for the buckling analysis of stiffened plates under compressive load. Suggested approximations of displacements allow taking into account the features of system wave formation. The results are compared with data, received by finite element method.
The Influence of Grain Form on Effective Diffusion Coefficient of Polycrystalline
Authors: Chepak-Gizbrekht Marija V. , Knyazeva Anna G.
Published: April 2015

To study the behavior of materials with special properties, such as micro and nanograin structure, it is necessary to know how the size and the form of grain influences on the effective properties of the material. In particular, for materials with fine-dispersed structure characterized by high mass transfer rate, which could be due to several reasons. To study this kind of materials is necessary to build mathematical models taking into account the peculiarities that arise from the transition to the micro structure of the macrostructure. This paper presents a method of calculating the effective diffusion coefficient, which takes into account the influence of the size and form of grains. This method could be useful for the construction of multilayer models of mass transfer. On the example of hexagonal polycrystalline material shown that the dependence of the effective diffusion coefficient of the angle at the grain boundary acquires nonlinear character with the increase of grain boundary layer.
Production Processes Management by Simulation in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation
Authors: Kokareva Victoria V. , Malyhin Andrey N. , Smelov V.G.
Published: April 2015

This paper describes the process of simulation and modeling in the context of production engineering. In order to organize the smart and lean manufacturing, moreover flexible and efficient production processes we should use the digital manufacturing solution such as Tecnomatix Plant Simulation by optimizing and validating process performance, eliminating inefficiencies, shortening set up times and increasing quality before production. Manufacturing process management is an essential part of any PLM strategy. It enables you to connect your product design activities to your manufacturing planning activities.
Study of Methods Relating to Increase of Contact Pitting Resistance in 45, 40H, 35HGSA Steel due to Development of Heterogeneous Structure Involving Mechanical Hardening Technique
Authors: Kirichek A. , Barinov S.V.
Published: April 2015

New static-pulse treatment method was offered to increase contact pitting resistance of machinery parts. This method forms cold-worked layer with high hardness located deep in the part. The static-pulse treatment method is characterized by important feature that helps to form various levels of hardening uniformity of the surface layer. For the first time undertaken studies provided recommendations relating to uniformity of surface layer mechanical hardening, which increases contact pitting resistance of machinery parts made of 45, 40H, 35HGSA steel.
Imaging Based on Signal from Side-Scan Sonar
Authors: Prokhorov I.V. , Sushchenko A.A.
Published: April 2015

In this paper authors researched problems about construction of sonar images which based on signal from side-scan sonar. Authors use explicit formula for signal processing. It includes influence of volume scattering in the medium. Moreover, authors use an additional filter for signal. It is logarithm-filtration.
Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Recognition Technology Intersecting Objects
Authors: Gorbachev Sergey , Syryamkin Vladimir
Published: April 2015

The study discusses adaptive neuro-fuzzy methods of recognition of the multidimensional overlapping objects on the basis of the introduced concepts, generalized and modified operations of fuzzy set theory and neural networks. To improve recognition accuracy, proposed a combined approach including neural network analysis of generalized images based on Kohonen maps, and building systems fuzzy inference based on the identification of allocated clusters integral characteristics of the images. Using the derived system of diagnostic decision rules "If ... then" the comprehensive forecast map of oil South of Cheremshan field was built.
Influence of Power Supply Energy Characteristics upon the Stability of MMA Process
Authors: Il’yashchenko D.P. , Chinakhov Dmitry A. , Gotovshchik Yu.M.
Published: April 2015

The paper provides the results of experimental study of how the technological characteristics (amount of spatter, stability of the welding process) of manual metal arc welding (MMA) depend upon power supplies providing various kinds of energetic impact upon the electrode metal (inverter power supply, diode rectifier). It was established that inverter power supplies (as they reduce peak loading) provide better quality of welds (more stable process, lower amount of spatter) and this reduces the fabrication cost due to the reduction of deseaming operations, lower welding material consumption as well as improving the service reliability of the welding constructions.
FBC-Ash as a Substitute of Part Material Raw during Production of Portland Cement
Authors: Fridrichová Marcela , Magrla Radek , Gazdič Dominik , Stachová Jana
Published: April 2015

In the last years we have to think about the question of emission reduction. One of the biggest producer of these emission is industry, where the cement industry comes under it. The effort of cement-workers and other manufacturers of building materials is the reduction of harmful oxides in our air, including CO2, which is one of a group of unfavourable oxides.This paper deals with the study possibility of partial compensation limestone by FBC-ash. The expected effect is the reduction of CO2 emissions and saving limestone. Following the previous stage of the research a recipes were designed for Portland clinker burning limestone-based and FBC ash, it was carried out laboratory burning and on produced cements were made basic technological tests.
Impact of External Environment on Long-Term Mechanical Properties of Plasters
Authors: Reiterman Pavel , Keppert Martin
Published: April 2015

The contribution deals with three years impact of environment on properties of selected plasters. Three commercial lime-cement plasters were subjected to real Central European environment and their mechanical properties were monitored in time. The results were interpreted by help of mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results proved expected positive influence of lime carbonation on mechanical properties in short-time horizon while longer environmental exposition reduced them.
Effect of Concrete Mixture Composition on Acoustic Emission and Fracture Parameters Obtained from Three-Point Bending Test
Authors: Topolář Libor , Šimonová Hana , Misák Petr
Published: April 2015

This paper reports the analysis of acoustic emission signals captured during three-point bending fracture tests of concrete specimens with different mixture composition. Acoustic emission is an experimental tool well suited for monitoring fracture processes in material. The typical acoustic emission patterns were identified in the acoustic emission records for three different concrete mixtures to further describe the under-the-stress behaviour and failure development. An understanding of microstructure–performance relationships is the key to true understanding of material behaviour. The acoustic emission results are accompanied by fracture parameters determined via evaluation of load versus deflection diagrams recorded during three-point bending fracture tests.
The Effect of Additives on the Properties of Lightweight Concrete Screed
Authors: Tumova Eva , Mészárosová Lenka , Drochytka Rostislav
Published: April 2015

This contribution deals with the effect of additives on the properties of concrete screed. The main field, where are the additives studied in this entry, is the field of lightweight concrete screeds for industrial floors.
Possibilities of Sugar Content Reduction in Filler of Cement-Bonded Particleboards
Authors: Keprdová Šárka , Melichar Tomáš , Bydžovský Jiří , Vacula Miroslav
Published: April 2015

This paper presents the results and findings of carbohydrate-content reduction of wooden substances (particles) that are used as filler in cement-bonded particleboards. Several alternatives that appeared as potentially suitable were analysed. The aim of research was to control the carbohydrate level in the wood matter with regards to the reduction of their negative impact on speed and course of the hydration reactions in cement-bonded particleboards. In experimental testing an/the attention was particularly devoted to washout of wood chips by running water and chemical hydrolysis with/by oxidizing agents.
Mix Design of Hybrid High-Volume Fly Ash Alkali Activated Cement
Authors: Kovalchuk Oleksandr , Drochytka Rostislav , Kryvenko Pavlo V.
Published: April 2015

Hybrid alkali activated cements based on fly ashes because of their structure and characteristics of phase composition are able to be used in different materials with the unique service properties. The paper is enclosing some specific features of hybrid fly ash alkali activated cement mix design and structure formation in order to achieve materials for different applications.
Modification of Natural Anhydrite by Mixed Exciter
Authors: Gazdič Dominik , Stachová Jana , Magrla Radek
Published: April 2015

The objective of this experimental work was to monitor the influence of applied external exciter on anhydrite obtained properties. As a basic raw material anhydrite imported from Poland was used, as hydration exciter a mixture of anhydrous sodium sulphate and Portland cement CEM I 42.5 R in total dose of 5 % by anhydrite weight was applied. In the first step the anhydrite underwent the setting of mineralogical composition using the X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and monitoring of grain size and shape by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the next step the influence of applied mixing exciter on obtained basic technological properties according to standard CSN EN 13454 was monitored. It was the setting of basic technological properties of anhydrite binder with and without addition of the mixing external exciter and also the setting of strengths of standard anhydrite mortar with addition of external mixing exciter. Upon the obtained values the comparison with technical requirements of the standard for calcium sulphate binders was carried out and this anhydrite mortar was classified as well.
Burnt Hydraulic Binder on the Basis of FBC Ashes
Authors: Kulísek Karel , Dvořák Karel , Fridrichová Marcela
Published: April 2015

This paper deals with opportunity of FBC – ashes using for hydraulic binder preparation, and as one of the main material for preparation of binders closed to traditional cements. This way prepared binder should be closed to strong hydraulic limes potentially cements of lower strength classes.
The Difference between Traditional and Bone Porcelain Body
Authors: Sokolař Radomír , Vodová Lucie
Published: April 2015

Porcelain is a traditional ceramic material, which is manufactured for centuries from a mixture of kaolin, quartz sand and feldspar. Another type of porcelain is produces on the basis on bone ash as fluxing agent. Traditional feldspar porcelain and bone porcelain bodies were compared depending on the firing temperature. Two mixtures of kaolin and potassium feldspar or bone ash were prepared. Bone ash is more intensive fluxing agent which need lower sintering temperature (1100 °C) in comparison with feldspar porcelain (1280 °C). Main difference between compared porcelain bodies is in mineralogical composition. Traditional porcelain based on mullite, quartz and glass phase, bone porcelain contains anorthite and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and lower content of glassy phase.
Effect of Grain Refinement on Shape Memory Properties of Cu-Al-Mn SMAs
Authors: Mallik U.S. , Sampath Vedamanickam
Published: April 2015

Cu-12.5 wt.% Al-5 wt.% Mn-(0.05 to 0.2) wt.% B alloys were prepared by ingot metallurgy. The Aluminum and Manganese contents of the alloys were maintained constant, while that of Boron was varied. The alloys were then characterized by subjecting them to compositional analysis, Differential Scanning Caloriemeter and microstructural examination. The shape memory effect and superelasticity of the alloys were determined by bend and tensile tests on the alloy specimens. The investigation reveals that Boron acts as a good grain refiner, resulting in a reduction of about 80% in grain size. The addition of Boron also increases the transformation temperatures by ~ 10oC, while at the same time decreasing the strain recovery by shape memory effect by 4%, and that by superelasticity by ~ 2%.
Experimental Studies on CNT Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Nanocomposites
Authors: Sreenivas Rao K.V. , Sanman S.
Published: April 2015

The remarkable high tensile strength and very high aspect ratio of carbon nanotubes make them valuable components for mechanically reinforced composite materials. In this study, Carbon Nanotube (CNT) reinforced aluminum matrix composites were prepared by simple stir casting route with different percentages of Carbon Nanotube reinforcement. The prepared nanocomposite specimens were subjected to evaluation of mechanical properties and microstructure. It was evident from the study that, as the weight fraction of nanotube in the matrix increases, the ultimate tensile strength, macro and micro-hardness also increases. The microstructures show clustering of the carbon nanotubes in the matrix. The difficulties experienced in uniform dispersion of Carbon Nanotube in the matrix to achieve optimum desired properties are discussed.
Finite Element Analysis of Thin Rectangular Plate Subjected to Uniformly Distributed Transverse Load: A Java Application
Authors: Adamou Amadou , Osadebe Olisaemeka
Published: April 2015

The present work developed a computer application for the finite element analysis of thin rectangular plates under uniformly distributed transverse load. The software, which was developed using Java programming language, is very user-friendly and flexible in the choice of the boundary conditions and mesh size. The choice of Java programming language was guided by its high memory management, which, in turn had a positive effect on the software runtime. The finite element analysis of a Kirchhoff isotropic plate under a uniformly distributed transverse load was carried out using the software. The results obtained agreed accurately with solutions available in literature. Error analysis conducted on the results confirmed that accuracy generally increases with an increase in the number of elements used in the discretization process. Specifically, for a 16 x 16 discretization, an accuracy ranging from 98.41 to 100 percent, and 95.83 to 100 percent was achieved for the five sets of boundary conditions handled, for deflections at the plate’s center and bending moments respectively.
Analysis of Major Problems Faced by Small Firms in North India
Authors: Singh Davinder , Khamba Jaimal Singh , Nanda Tarun
Published: April 2015

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have been noted to play a significant role in promoting economic growth in less developed countries, developing and also in developed countries. Worldwide, the micro and small enterprises have been accepted as the engine of economic growth of any nation. Small and Medium Enterprises are the backbone of the economies, because it trigger employment, output, export, poverty alleviation, economic empowerment, economic development etc. in developed as well as in developing countries. It is more important to developing countries as the poverty and unemployment are burning problems. MSMEs have been playing a momentous role in overall economic development of a country like India where millions of people are unemployed or underemployed. Therefore, the growth of small sectors is essential for the growth in the GDP, employment generation, total manufacturing production and export. India, being one of the fastest growing economies of the world, needs to pay an honest attention for the utmost growth of MSMEs for its increased contribution in above areas.
Using Non-Destructive Methods for the Characterization of Concrete in Aggressive Environments
Authors: Nassima Khial , Mehaddene Rachid
Published: April 2015

The durability of reinforced concrete structures is reduced by the chloride penetration and susceptibility of the reinforcement to chloride induced corrosion which is considered a critical physic-chemical case. As the financial impact of the phenomena is very important, it seems essential to determine it influence on strength of reinforced concrete elements subjected to aggressive environnement such us the presence of chlorides when exposed to marine environnement. As such, the determination of the ion concentrations of chlorides profile within the cement matrix is of major importance, it tool to estimate the time required by the chlorides to reach the reinforcements in sufficient quantity to depassivate the steel.
SS Delta House Project - Riser Interface and Pull-in Procedure
Authors: Authement Glen , DaSilva Otto , Bare Tom , Gi Lee Jung , Cooley Bruce
Published: April 2015

This paper explains the riser hang-off concept as implemented on the "Delta House" floating production system (FPS). A unique riser pull-in procedure is outlined in which the FPS' ballast system is used to align the riser's end fitting with its adapter rather than by an array of tugger winches commonly used. Finally, the paper describes an important capability of this riser hang-off concept, namely the installation of additional risers years after installation of the FPS.

Use of the FPS' ballast system for pull-in of the risers has the potential to create a "step change" in installation time and cost, as well as in safety of operation.

The riser porches and adapter are precision manufactured structures that ensure proper load distribution into the hull. The riser adapters with their conical, open section, heavy wall stress joint bushings are likewise simple structures but also deceptively complex to design and manufacture due to the steel catenary riser (SCR) stress joint/adapter requirement of precise angles of declination and azimuth for each individual riser. The resulting product is easy to install, robust, reliable and fatigue-resistant.