bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of Benzo(a)Pyrene in Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Jing Yan Qiu , Yu Bao Hua , Li Guang Liang , Zhang Xin Hua , Yang Yu Xi , Qu Xiao Ran , Xue Li Xin , Jin Lei
Published: July 2012

Inder order to determine Benzopyrene (BaP) in Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke, a Solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge was used to isolate the BaP fraction from the total particulate matter of mainstream cigarette smoke and sidestream cigarette smoke and the BaP were measured by RP-HPLC with ultraviolet detection. The result showed that the recovery rate of BaP extracted is 94.5%, compared with the relative standard of 6.95%. The yields of BaP in mainstream smoke for Virginia cigarette are higher than those for blended cigarettes. The yields of BaP in sidestream smoke are much higher than those in mainstream smoke. The proposed method involves an solid phase extract and HPLC-UV analysis procedure. With this method, the BaP yields in mainstream and sidestream cigarette smoke can be measured fast, easily and precisely using readily available apparatus and instruments.
Experimental Investigation on Determination of Chitosan by Spectrophotometry
Authors: Wu Si Hui , Hu Song Yan , Huang Gui Dong , Pan Wei Shan , Yu Cheng Lu , Tan Si Rong , Chen Si Dong , Su Zheng Quan
Published: July 2012

Chitosan is a natural basic polysaccharide, currently which have no a very effective way to determine its content. In this paper, we used mixed acid and ultrasound-assisted with chitosan which hydrolyzed into glucosamine, under alkaline condition acetyl acetone may react with paradimethylaminobenzaldehyde acid alcohol solution to form red compound, which was measured at 525nm by spectrophotometry. More appropriate technological conditions have been determined. The results showed that the optimal conditions for quantity of chitosan was 2mg, 0.168mol/L hydrochloric acid was 0.8ml, 75% sulfuric acid was 3.5ml, in boiling water bath for 30min, supersonic for 60min at 50 °C, the average recovery was 96.9±3.24%, the content of chitosan was 87.89±1.02%, the production rate of chitosan was 84.79±0.99%. The results show that the mentioned method is easy and effective for the quantitative analysis of chitosan by spectrophotometry.
Modification of Polyurethane by Tung Oil Anhydride-Ester Polyol
Authors: Sun Han Zhou , Du Xun Jun , Zhou Jin Hua , Xie Lian Wu , Wu Yu Xiong , Tan Xiao Feng , Zhang Huai Yun
Published: July 2012

Polyurethane (PU), one of the six main categories of synthetic resins, has been used extensively in industry all over the world. Tung oil anhydride-ester polyol (TOAEP), prepared from the China special vegetable oil, Tung oil, was introduced into PU structure. The mechanical property, heat-resistance and morphological structure of the modified PU were studied. Experimental results showed that the hardness and tensile strength of the modified PU increases as the dose of TOAEP increasing while the elongation at break decreases, and the heat-resistance has been improved after modification. The modified PU’s hard segment phase is compatible with the soft segment phase.
Systhesis and Spectroscopic Properties of Curcumin Analogues Combined with Chlorine
Authors: Wei Xing Chuan , Liu Zhi Li , Zheng Xi , Huo Meng Yue
Published: July 2012

Three curcumin analogues were synthesized from 4-chlorobenzaldehyde and cyclohexanone，cyclopentane and aceton，and their spectroscopic properties were determined. The synthetics had the structural properties such as the target compounds，which showed their particular spectroscopic properties．
End-Group Method for Molecular Weight Determination of PET Depolymerization under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Feng Qing Hua , Tang Qing Hua , Zhang Wei Lu , Jia Yan Hua , Zhang Dong
Published: July 2012

A series of catalysis hydrolytic depolymerization of PET catalyzed by zinc acetate, zinc sulfate, stannous oxide respectively under microwave irradiation at different temperature with time was studied, in which the microwave power was 260W, the ratio of water to PET was 10:1 and the dosage of the catalysts was 0.5% of PET. The relative number average molecular weight of the undepolymerized PET was determined by end-group method. The results show that the molecular weight of the undepolymerized PET decreases with the reaction time increasing, and tends to be stable at the end of the depolymerization reaction. Under the same time, the temperature is higher, the molecular weight is smaller. The molecular weight of the undepolymerized PET reduces most quickly with stannous oxide among the three catalysts.
Study on the Micro-Phase Structure of Hydrophilic Polyurethane with Mixed Polyester and Polyether Soft Segments
Authors: Zhang Peng , Quan Heng
Published: July 2012

Polyether-polyester nonionic hydrophilic polyurethanes with amorphous soft segment phase are prepared from 4,4’- diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polybutylene adipate glycol 2000 (PBA2000) and polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG1000) with 1,4-butanediol (BDO) as chain extender. Further more, the relationships between micro-phase structure and chemical structure of samples is investigated. The studies show that the chemical structure has remarkable effects on the micro-phase structure of hydrophilic polyurethane and micro-phase separation degree of the mixed soft domains.
Effect of the PH on the Dispersal of Pt on the Alumina
Authors: Li Wei , Hou Yong Jiang , Guo Jie , He Huan Qin , Cheng Jun Jie , Cai Yu Xi , Hao Yan Long
Published: July 2012

This thesis makes a research about the effect of the pH on dispersion and catalytic activity of γ-Al2O3. The characterization of catalytic uses the reaction of Hydrogenation of nitrobenzene, ASS and HOT etc. The results show that the impregnating solution’s pH has great effect on the dispersion of catalytic active components but no effect on catalytic activity.
Spctrophotometric Determination of Trace Ruthenium by its Catalytic Effect on Oxidation of 3,5-DiBr-PADAP with KIO4
Authors: Zhou Zhi Rong , Wang Qun , Zhang Shu Yuan
Published: July 2012

A spectrophotometric method for the determination of ruthenium (III) is described, based on its catalytic effect on the oxidation reaction of 2-[(3,5-dibromo-2-pyridy)azo]-5-diethylaminophenol (3,5-diBr-PADAP) with potassium periodate in 0.008 mol/L sodium hydroxide medium and in the presence of OP emulsifier (p-iso-octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol) at 100 °C. The above reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in the absorbance at 530 nm for the catalytic reaction of 3,5-diBr-PADAP. The calibration curve for the recommended method was linear in the concentration range over 0.04 µg/L–1.0 µg/L and the detection limit of the method for Ru (III) is 0.012 µg/L. The influence of the factors such as acidity, concentration of reactants, reaction time, temperature and co-existing ions on the reaction is discussed. The optimum conditions of reaction are established and some kinetic parameters are determined. The apparent activation energy of catalytic reaction is 100.48 kJ/mol. The relative standard deviation for the determination of ruthenium (III) at the concentration of 0.02 µg/25mL is calculated to be 2.30 % (n=11). In combination with distilled separation, the method has been successfully applied for the determination of trace ruthenium (III) in some ores and metallurgy products with the relative standard deviations (RSD) over 1.8 %–2.9 % and the recovery over 98.1 %–103.1 %.
Column Chromatography Separation of Polypropylene Fibre Spin-Finishes
Authors: Ren Rui , Deng Bao Xiang
Published: July 2012

In this paper, the column chromatography technology on the separation of components of polypropylene fiber spin-finishes was studied. After determining the optimum separation condition, the column chromatography was used to separate and quantitatively analyze the main components of polypropylene fiber spin-finishes. The results showed this spin-finishes was mainly made up of four components, of which A: 1.85 %; B: 44.81 %; C: 27.58 %; D: 25.76 % by weight respectively.
Adsorption of Zn(II) in Aqueous Solutions by Kaolin
Authors: Chen Jun Jin , Pan Guo Xiang , Yu Yan Fei
Published: July 2012

In this paper, adsorption performance of Zn(II) in simulative waste water by kaolin was studied, and the influences of solution initial pH value, temperature, adsorption time, concentration of Zn(II) were tested. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters and kinetic equation were calculated. The results show that Zn(II) adsorption capacity firstly increases and then decreases as the pH increases, and the higher temperature, the better adsorption capacity. The Zn(II) adsorption occurs mainly within 60 minutes, and then leveling off. The calculations show that linear correlation coefficient (R2) of langmuir equation is better than the freundlich model fitting results, and Zn(II) adsorption can occur spontaneously, is an endothermic and entropy increasing process. In addition, first-order kinetic equation is more suitable for the description of Zn(II) adsorption mechanism, and adsorption activation energy equals 21.51 kJ•mol-1.
Experimental Study on Extracting Scandium from HCl Leachate of Chloride Dust
Authors: Liu Song Li , Zhang Xue Feng
Published: July 2012

Solvent extraction experiment of Sc was investigated.The extraction system consisted of 25% TBP+60% sulfonated kerosene +15% reforming agents. The results show that the extraction rates of Sc can reach up to 95%.The removing of Fe，Mn and Ti can be reached 99.1%, 99.4% and 99.5% respectively.The anti-extraction rates from organic phase with NaOH reach up to 99.7 % with effective separation from Fe，Mn and Ti.
Determination of Salicylic and Gentisic Acids Using HPLC-DAD Combined with Second-Order Calibration Method
Authors: Sun Jian Qi , Sun De Si , Li Guo Chao
Published: July 2012

The highly overlapped chromatograms and spectra of salicylic acid (SA), gentisic acid (GA) and uncalibrated interferent, pyrocatechuic acid (PA) were resolved using HPLC-DAD combined with a novel second-order calibration method. Their elution time was set from 0.6628 min to 0.9495 min and the detection wavelength was chosen from 268 nm to 332 nm. Both SA and GA were determined simultaneously in aqueous solution with their recoveries were (101.0 ± 7.1) % and (105.8 ± 5.6) %, respectively. The satisfying results demonstrate this method can be easily performed and applied to solving second-order calibration problems quickly and accurately.
A Mini Review of Progress in Free Radicals and Conformational Research of Hypocrollins
Authors: Lv Ping , Yang Liu Zhi , Wang Tao , Tang Feng
Published: July 2012

Hypocrellins, natural photosensitizers including hypocrellin A (HA) and hypocrellin B (HB), have been used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine to cure various skin diseases. Hypocrellins have excellent antiviral activity, which can inhibit the growth of human immunodeficiency virus. They also exhibit significant light-induced antitumor property. In this article, the progress on of free radicals research and conformational research Hypocrollins is introduced.
Flow Injection on Line Oxidizing Fluorometry Coupled to Microdialysis Sampling for Studying Phentolamine-Bovine Serum Albumin Interaction
Authors: Huang Ying , Xiong Yan , Ye Zhong Bin , Zhang Zhu Jun
Published: July 2012

Determination of phentolamine-bovine serum albumin (BSA) interaction based on a flow-injection microdialysis sampling fluorescence system (FI-MD-FL) was proposed. The analytical procedure was based on the oxidation of phentolamine by acidic Ce(IV) and monitoring of the fluorescence intensity of the formed Ce(III). The drug of phentolamine and BSA were mixed in different molar ratios in Ringer’s solution and incubated in a water bath. The microdialysate samples were on-line merged with acidic Ce(IV) solution by putting a microdialysis probe into the mixed solution and perfused with Ringer’s solution at 10 μL min-1. Then the sample was reached the flow cell, excited and monitored at 256/355nm (λex/λem). The dialytic efficiency under the experimental conditions was 38.8±2.2% (n=3). The data obtained was analyzed with Scatchard analysis and Klotz plot. The estimated association constant (K) and the number of the binding site (n) on one molecule of BSA by Scatchard analysis were 1.78×105 L mol-1 and 0.69, respectively. The proposed method has been applied to the study of the binding of phentolamine to bovine serum albumin (BSA) in vitro. The method provided a fast and simple technique for the study of drug-protein interactions.
Combustion of Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber(EPDM) and PVC
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Run Dong , Li Yan Long
Published: July 2012

Thermal degradation of Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber (EPDM) and PVC have been investigated and compared by means of TG/DTA in air or N2 atmosphere with the heating rate of 10K/min and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The occurrence of primary and second thermal degradation stages of EPDM in air have been recognized, while in N2 it was only one stage. The total weight loss ratio in air and N2 was 61.3%, 60.7%, respectively. Three degradation stages of PVC occur in both air and N2 and the total weight loss ratio was 72.5%, 72.6%, respectively. The thermal degradation of EPDM are all endothermic reaction, while of PVC are mainly exothermic reaction. Combustion products heated by laser in the same experimental conditions have been analyzed by GC-MS, the amount of toxic substances differ greatly, the amount of dimethylmethane of PVC are 2.55 times more than EPDM, dimethylbenzene and styrene of PVC are 6.2 and 5.5 times more than EPDM, toluene and benzene of PVC differ greatest with EPDM, are 24.2 and 35.7 times, respectively. EPDM can significantly reduce toxic products generation compared with PVC.
Study on Rheological Behavior of Thermoplastic Polyester Elastomer
Authors: Guo Zhi Hong , Deng Jia , Xu Qing Yan , Shao Qun , Wang Yan Ping , Qiu Gao , Wang Yi Min
Published: July 2012

Capillary rheometer was used to conduct preliminary study on the rheological behavior of SKYPEL thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE). SKYPEL TPEE is a kind of non-Newtonian fluid and displays typical shear thinning behavior. Non-Newtonian index of the three samples varies from 0.69 to 0.77. With increasing temperature, the structure viscosity of the sample decreased and among them G172D is the smallest one under the same temperature.
Degradation of Corn Starch with NaOH/urea and Synthesis of DS-G-AA Copolymers
Authors: Zhou Ye , Zhang Chi , Xu Jing , Qu Peng , Han Hui Min , Wang Jing , Zhang Yang Ping , Luo Xue Gang
Published: July 2012

Properties of corn starch dissolved in NaOH/urea aqueous solutions were studied in this research, and NaOH/urea at different ratios in aqueous system was used to treat corn starch (CS). NaOH/urea breaks down the structure of CS, resulting in chemical degradation. After degradation, the change of molecular weight was analyzed by GPC-MALLS. The degraded CS (DS) and native CS(NS) were grafted with acrylic acid and compared in FTIR and both DS and NS were successfully grafted with AA.
Preparation and Characterization of Polyacrylonitrile-Based Fluorescence Probe for Sensing Solution Structure Change
Authors: Zhou Zhe , Qin Zong Yi , Liu Xin , Zhai Guang Zhao , Chen Long
Published: July 2012

A novel polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based fluorescence probe was prepared by chemically combining the aminoanthraquinone as a fluorescent group with the PAN chains. It is found that the -C≡N group in PAN chains can affect the photolysis of anthraquinone groups. The results show that the conformational state and aggregation behavior of PAN can be monitored by observing the intensity variation in fluorescence emission spectrum for PAN-AAQN solutions.
Polysulfone Microcapsules Containing Ionic Liquid
Authors: Chen Dong Xuan , OuYang Xiao Kun , Wang Yang Guang , Yang Li Ye , Yu Di
Published: July 2012

Polysulfone microcapsules containing ionic liquid were successfully prepared in a two stage process and the influence factors on the microcapsules’ diameter had also been investigated. The result shows that the diameter of micro tube and the concentration of aqueous solution both have effect on the diameter of microcapsules. And the concentration of ionic liquid in dichloromethane can influence the microencapsulation capacity. This method to produce microcapsules is easy to control.
Kinetics of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Single-Crystal Growth Mapped by the Chemical Bond Simulation
Authors: Zhang Xu , Jia De Xiang
Published: July 2012

A chemical bond simulation was proposed to quantitatively calculate the growth rate from the kinetic model of the crystal-solution interface. When this approach was applied to the cases of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals grown from the solution with different surpersaturation, the growth behaviors of KDP crystals were predicted and the calculated results were consistent with the experimental data. These results demonstrate that regulating the distribution of the chemical bonds between the crystal and solution interfaces can effectively control the crystal morphology. Seeding experiments with the chemical bond simulation may have significant potential towards the development of shape-controlled growth with defined conditions.
Free Radical Initiation Copolymerization of Glucose-with MMA and Analysis of its Thermal Stability
Authors: Qu Peng , Zhang Chi , Han Hui Min , Xu Jing , Zhou Ye , Wang Jing
Published: July 2012

D-glucose was used to react with methyl methacrylate (MMA) (and methyl acrylate(MA) as comparison) to generate new biomass-based materials in presence of free radical initiator. Potassium peroxydisulfate was used as free-radical initiator in the reaction. The final chemical structure and thermal stability were analyzed by FT-IR and TGA. The results showed that the Glucose-co-MMA (G-MMA) and Glucose-co-MA (G-MA) copolymers had better thermal performance than PMMA and PMA.
The Primary Study on PET/PP/Kevlar Composite Nonwoven
Authors: Huang Chen Hung , Li Ting Ting , Chuang Yu Chun , Lou Ching Wen , Huang An Li , Lin Jia Horng
Published: July 2012

For purpose of recycle and environmental protection, recycled Kevlar selvages and spunlace PP selvages, blended with low-melting polyester, were used to prepare composite nonwovens. In addition, the effect of hot-pressing and lay-up orientation on tensile strength and tearing strength was evaluated. The result shows that, after hot-pressing, laying respectively 0°/90°and -45°/45°PP selvages, tensile strength and tearing strength of composite nonwovens exhibits the highest, reaching 1000 N and 1370.2 N separately.
Effects of 60Co-Irradiation on Tensile Properties of Polyimide Based on 2,2-Bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane
Authors: Zheng Yan Hong , Zhai Yu , Guo Jian Mei , Yu Hong Yan , Wang Lian Cai , Zeng Xin Miao
Published: July 2012

Radiation effects on polyimide (PI) films were studied with different irradiation doses by 60Co. The PI film were synthesized from 2,2-bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane (Bis-AP-AF) with 3,3',4,4'-Benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA). The tensile strength, tensile modulus and elongation at break of the irradiation PI films were measured and compared in order to determine the effect of the irradiation doses on the tensile properties. The results showed that the tensile strength, tensile modulus and elongation at break of the irradiation PI film can be significantly improved by irradiation of 60Co source. The optimum irradiation doses were 50 kGy. The maximum increment of tensile strength, tensile modulus and elongation at break of the irradiation PI film is 37.8%, 45.0% and 95.2%, respectively.
Effect of Activation Duration in 1% Oxygen in Nitrogen Balance on Vanadium Phosphate Catalysts Synthesized via Sesquihydrate Route
Authors: Leong Loong Kong , Thang Leeyien
Published: July 2012

Four vanadium phosphate catalysts were synthesized via vanadyl hydrogen phosphate sesquihydrate (VOHPO4•1.5H2O) route and activated at different duration (6, 18, 30 and 75 hours) in 1% oxygen/ nitrogen (1% O2/N2) mixture at 733K. The increased activation duration led to a decreased in the specific surface area of the catalysts. The increased activation duration increased the average oxidation state of vanadium. The surface morphologies of the catalysts exhibited plate-like crystals that agglomerated into clusters with folded edges. Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) showed that increasing activation duration led to an increased in total amount of oxygen removed from the catalysts. Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) showed that the total amount of oxygen desorbed from the catalysts increased as the activation duration increased. Catalytic performance revealed that all the catalysts produced possessed rather low in terms of activity but high in terms of selectivity.
Study on the Effect of Magesium Ion on the Crystal Phase of Calcium Carbonate
Authors: Liu Zhen Fa , Yan Mei Fang , Zhang Li Hui , Li Hai Hua
Published: July 2012

Morphology and crystal phase of calcium carbonate, which formed with the presence of Mg2+, were characterized by SEM and XRD. The effect of Mg2+ on crystallization and crystal phase of calcium carbonate was studied. The results showed that the crystal phase of calcium carbonate were mainly calcite and aragonite and the content of aragonite was higher after adding Mg2+ to the blank solution. With the increase of Mg2+ concentration, the content of aragonite increased. The calcium carbonate crystals grain became more fine and the content of aragonite was higher by synergistic treatment between Mg2+ and magnetic field. There was a strong inhibitory effect on calcite when the concentration of Mg2+ was more than 0.50mmol.L-1. The calcite could be transformed into aragonite in the presence of Mg2+ in solution.
The Study of the Hydrolysis of the Phosphate Diester Catalyzed by an Anion Metallomicelle of Ce3+-Diethylenetriamine
Authors: Cai Shu Lan , Feng Fa Mei , Wang Tao , Zhang Xiu Lan
Published: July 2012

The catalytic hydrolysis of Bis(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate ester (BNPP) in the metallomicelle made up of Ce3+-diethylenetriamine and LSS (N-lauroyl sarcosinate) was investigated by UV/VIS method. The effect of the catalytic efficiency and stability of the system was studied under the different conditions. The results indicated that the catalytic system exhibited high activity, stability and reproducibility in the BNPP catalytic hydrolysis under proper proportion of Ce3+ion and diethylenetriamine, pH and temperature when the concentration of LSS is higher than its CMC (critical micelle concentration). The results also showed that the active species is the complex made up of Ce3+ion and diethylenetriamine.
Step and Domain Boundary Effect of Surface Reconstruction to Si(111)-√ 3×√3-Ag
Authors: Deng Dong Mei , Sun Li Na , Dai Yu Rong , Cao Shi Xun , Bai Li Hua , Luo Li Qiang , Zhang Jin Cang
Published: July 2012

The influence of step and domain boundary on growth of Si(111)-√ 3×√3-Ag has been studied in situ using optical surface second-harmonic generation and low energy electron diffraction. The second harmonic intensity shows a difference of about 50% for Si(111) surfaces with different miscut angles and domain boundary densities, although no significant difference has been observed in low energy electron diffraction patterns, indicating a significant impediment to the growth of Si(111)-√ 3×√3-Ag by step and domain boundaries. Simulation results reveal a 90% coverage of Si(111)-√ 3×√3-Ag on the vicinal substrate with an miscut angle of 0.41o, consistent with the dynamics of Ag atoms on Si(111)-7×7 surface. The influence of two dimentional adatom gas on surface structure has also been discussed.
Atom the Electronic Structure and Atomic Extranuclear Movement State of Research
Authors: Wang Li Wei
Published: July 2012

Based on the Planck's quantum hypothesis and the Einstein's light quantum hypothesis , the Zhongjizi (a new elementary particles) hypothesis is proposed. It revealed the quantum nature of light. Light quantum (which is photon) was essentially a collection of Zhongjizi, light was constituted of Zhongjizi, the essence of light was the nature of particle, and the quantum nature of light was essentially the Zhongjizi nature of light. The quantum nature of light revealed out: atomic spectra was produced by the light of different frequencies that emitted and absorbed by the extranuclear electrons of different motion states (different rotation frequencies) under certain conditions. The rotation frequency of extranuclear electrons was equal to the frequencies of light that emitted and absorbed by the electrons. By using this law, and according to the atomic spectra, we can know the state of the electron structure of atoms and the movement of electrons ,according to the frequency (the cycle )that rotate round the nuclear of the extranuclear electron in a state of motion , and the relationship of the distance between the electrons and the atomic nucleus .
Controllable Fabrication of Layer Structures by Self-Assembled Perylene Derivative
Authors: Liu Chun Hua , Xie Yun Zhi , Li Yong Dong , Li Xun , Li Yi Bao , Fan Xiao Lin
Published: July 2012

The compound of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid (PTCA) has been synthesized and characterized. By varying the concentration, it can be used to modulate the supramolecular self-assembly morphologies. Atom force microscopy (AFM) images show that the nano-layer structure will be obtained in relatively high concentration. This structure mainly depends on the intermolecular hydrogen-bonding and π–π stacking interactions.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of NiO/Co Composite Anode Material
Authors: Li Qiu Zhong , Yan Gui Yang , Chen Feng
Published: July 2012

The NiO/Co composite material was prepared by doping Co in the NiO, and the Co was prepared by chemical reduction. The structure morphology and performance were characterized by XRD, SEM, charge-discharge tests, cyclic voltammetry (CV), AC impedance and the behavior of lithium insertion-extraction was also be discussed. The results show that the conductivity of the NiO material was enhanced by doping Co, which would promote the decomposition of SEI during the charge process, and thus the cycle performance was improved obviously. The reversible specific capacity of NiO/Co composite material maintained 550 mAh g-1 after 30 cycles, and the capacity keep rate was 87.4% much higher than that of pure NiO material(343 mAh g-1 and 49.1%, respectively).
Study of the pH Sensitivity of a Carbon-Paste Electrode Modified with Li0.31La0.56TiO3-xSrTiO3
Authors: Li Yue Hua , Zhu Jing , Dai Lei , Wang Ling
Published: July 2012

A novel sensitive pH sensor was reported based on a carbon paste electrode modified (CPEM) with perovskite-type Li0.31La0.56TiO3(LLTO) and LLTO-xSrTiO3(x =0.05~ 0.15) in order to investigate the influence of the doping in the sensor response. The carbon paste proves the ability of this perovskite to detect the variation of pH 2 -13. The LLTO-xSrTiO3(x =010)-CPEM indicated that the best linear relationships. A variation of potential in different pH-buffers was obtained with a response maximum of 32.08 mV/pH unit at 25◦C and 55.39 mV/pH unit at 70◦C for the better responding electrode.
Electrochemical Behavior of Promethazine Hydrochloride and its Interaction with Bovine Serum Albumin
Authors: He Ling Ling , Wang Xin , Liu Bin , Xu Rui Mei
Published: July 2012

In this paper, the electrochemical behavior of promethazine hydrochloride (PMT) and its interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied by means of cyclic voltammetry. In pH 6.5 Tris-HCl buffer solution, PMT exhibits a pair of reversible peaks and an irreversible oxidation peak at a bare gold electrode. The electrode reactions are the process controlled by adsorption. The results of cyclic voltammetry suggest that a BSA-PMT complex is formed, and this complex is not electroactive. The absorption spectra confirm the binding PMT to BSA. The binding number m and the binding constant β of BSA binding to PMT are 2.10 and 7.43×105L/mol, respectively.
The Microstructure and Properties of Extruded Mg-Nd-Gd-Zn-Zr Alloy
Authors: Xu Yong Dong , Hu Sheng Sun , Nie Jing Jiang , Wang Jun , Wang Rong , Zhu Xiu Rong
Published: July 2012

The extruded microstructure and properties of Mg-2.7Nd-1.2Gd-0.4Zn-0.3Zr alloy by squeeze casting were investigated. After aging process (T5), the dislocation density was enhanced and the dislocation interaction was increased; the factors of grain refinement, RE phases redistribution, the increment of dislocations and the interaction between dislocations and precipitate phases were contributed to the strength increase after hot extrusion and aging treatment, the fracture mode of the hot-extruded alloy was the fracture of the secondary phases and the trans-grain fracture.
Crystal Structure of 3-(5-Acetyl-2-Aminothiazol-4-Ylthio)- 4-Hydroxypentan-2-one
Authors: Kasim Noor Azilah M. , Othman Eliyanti A. , Abdullah Ummi Habibah , Yamin Bohari M.
Published: July 2012

Reaction 3-thiocyanatoacetylacetone with leucine (C6H13O2N1) was found to give 3-(5-acetyl-2-aminothiazol-4-ylthio)-4-hydroxypentan-2-one (I). Compound I crystallized in the orthorhombic system with space group Pbca a= 8.143 Å, b=13.831Å, c=21.878Å. V= 2463.7Å3, Z=8.
Research on High Pressure Solidification Microstructure and the Microhardness of Al-Mg-Zn Alloy
Authors: Wang Zhen Ling , Zhang Tao , Zhou Yue Bo , Yu Yu Cheng
Published: July 2012

The solidification microstructure and the microhardness of Al-11Mg-4.5Zn alloy under high pressure were researched by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and microhardness tester. The results revealed that high pressure solidification refined the dendrite structure, and made the primary dendrite arms grow long. The alloy all consisted of α-Al phase and Mg32(Al, Zn)49 phase whether under normal pressure or high pressure solidification conditions. However, the morphology of the Mg32(Al, Zn)49 phases changed from fork-like of normal pressure to the graininess of high pressure, the size of them reduced, and that of the amount decreased. Furthermore, the solid solubility of Mg and Zn in α-Al phase increased comparing with those of normal pressure, and they were the largest at 4GPa high pressure, reaching 11.37% and 4.15%, respectively. The microhardness of Al-Mg-Zn alloy had an increment with the pressure increasing.
Preparation of α-Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate from Phosphogypsum in CaCl2 Solution under Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Ma Bao Guo , Ru Xiao Hong , Lu Si Wen , Zou Kai Bo
Published: July 2012

With the growing demand of phosphoric fertilizer a great quantity of phosphogypsum (PG) was produced in China.To utilization of PG in an energy-saving way,the phase transition of PG from DH to α-HH in CaCl2 solution under atmospheric pressure was conducted, the reaction time of phase transition was significantly shortened by higher reaction temperature and CaCl2 content of the mixtures. The suitable temperature and CaCl2 addition of the mixture were 95 °C and 24 wt.% respectively, morphology of the corresponding dehydration product phase is rod-like shape. Preparation of α-HH from PG in hot CaCl2 solution at atmospheric pressure was based on dissolution- crystallization mechanism. The increasing addition of CaCl2 in solution makes the solubility of CaSO4 decrease due to the common ion effect.
Synthesis and Photocatalytic Characterization of Porous Cuprous Oxide
Authors: Dong Yun Na , Chu De Qing , Wang Li Min
Published: July 2012

Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticals with high uniformity were prepared by the hydrothermal synthesis method using copper chloride and potassium chloride in the solvent of distilled water. Their micro- structures were characterized by using XRD, XPS and TEM techniques. The photocatalysis of the prepared samples were evaluated by the degradation of melthyl orange (MO) in aqueous solution under solar light irradiation. It can be found that Cu2O sample was highly efficient catalysts and the Catalytic degradation of the Cu2O nanoparticals for MO was not only due to the quality of Cu2O samples but also to the concentration of H2O2. The decoloring ratio for MO solution has reached 98.6% in 110min
First Principles Investigations on the Supramolecular Structure of 1,5-Diaminotetrazole
Authors: Lin He , Zhu Shun Guan , Zhang Lin , Peng Xin Hua , Li Hong Zhen
Published: July 2012

The supramolecular structure of 1,5-diaminotetrazole was investigated by first principles calculations, based on the plane-wave psedopotential method. The exchange-correlations potential was performed with the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional of generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The Muliken population, total electron density and electron density difference were calculated. As a result, there are strong intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds among 1,5-diaminotetrazole molecules. The mainly reason for the formation of supramolecular structure of 1,5-diaminotetrazole is that the intermolecular hydrogen bonds of N(5)－H(5B)…N(4) and N(6)－H(6)…N(2).Moreover, chemical bond analysis showed that there are strong non-bond actions and the N(1)－N(5) bond seriously distorted was observed. The performance of 1,5-diaminotetrazole is quite related with the supramolecular structure.
Study on Pressure-Cyanide Dissolution of Metal Palladium Powder
Authors: Yan L. , Zhao J.S.
Published: July 2012

A research study has been undertaken to develop the fundamentals of a method for the direct dissolution of Metal Palladium. At room temperature and pressures, the reaction between sodium cyanide and platinum group metals (PGMs) does not occur because of poor kinetics. However, at elevated temperatures between 100°C and 180°C, PGMs can be dissolved by sodium cyanide like the reaction of gold. In this work, the dissolution of Palladium was measured in pressure clear cyanide solution. The data at different cyanide concentrations, different temperature and different oxygen pressure are obtained. With increasing cyanide concentration and oxygen pressure, the dissolution first increased to a maximum value and then decreased. With increasing temperature the dissolution is increased. The dissolution was found to have a relation of the cyanide and oxygen level. The dissolution were independent of rotation speed for oxygen-saturated solutions and cyanide concentrations above 5 mol.m-3 and were well below chemical reaction-limited for cyanide and oxygen.
Effects of Synthesis Methods on the Microstructure and Properties of Perovskite-Type SrFeCoO3-δ Oxides
Authors: Huang Xiang Hong , Qiao Jun , Zhang Qian Feng
Published: July 2012

The microstructure and properties of the perovskite-type SrFeCoO3-δ (SFC) oxides synthesized by different methods were analyzed in detail in the paper. The oxide powders were synthesized by the citrate method (CM) and solid state reaction (SSR). X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal that the main crystal structure of the SFC powders is cubic structure SrFe0.5Co0.5O3. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation shows that the two kinds of powders have different grain morphologies and microstructure. Thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeters (TGA/DSC) results indicate that the composition loss and phase transition of the powders are related to the synthesis methods. The SFC powders synthesized by CM method show a more weight loss of various compositions than that synthesized by SSR method.
Effect of SiO2 Micro-Powders on the Properties of Alumina-Based Ceramic Core
Authors: Wang Li Ge , Zuo Bin , Zhu Guang Zhi , Wang En Ze , Zhang Zheng Quan
Published: July 2012

The influence of added quantity of SiO2 micro-powder on ceramic core properties was investigated in this paper. The results show that, the quantity of added SiO2 powder has significant effect on the properties of ceramic core, and the room temperature flexural strength of ceramic core samples, sintered at 1550°C for 4~5 hours' holding time, increases with the increasing quantity of SiO2. The room temperature flexural strength can reach 35MPa, when the amount of SiO2 powder is 15%. The XRD results show that new mullite phase was detected in the composite material, and that is the key factor that helps to increase the strength.
Application of Organic Modified Titania Hydrosol on Anti-UV of Polyester Fabric
Authors: Wang Ran , Wang Xiao Chun , Wang Yan Qiu
Published: July 2012

A γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) modified titania hydrosol was prepared. The influence of GPTMS modification on the tatania sol was investigated by dimension dispersion, Zeta potential, FT-IR, and the ultraviolet transmittance of the treated PET fabric. The results show that the Zeta potential of nano-particles increased from 2.1mV to 35.6mV. And there was no obvious difference in dimension dispersion and FT-IR between the tatania gel and the modified-tatania gel. The ultraviolet transmittance of the PET fabric treated the modified-sol and the unmodified-sol also did not show significant shift.
Study on Crystallization Behavior in (Cu60Zr30Ti10)98Y2 Bulk Metallic Glass by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC)
Authors: Zhang Ai Sheng , Zha Gui Lan
Published: July 2012

Non-isothermal crystallization behavior of (Cu60Zr30Ti10)98Y2bulk metallic glass (BMG) has been investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). The results show that crystallization in this bulk metallic glass has a three-stage crystalline precipitation process during continuous heating. The glass transition and crystallization behavior have relations to the continuous heating rate. Analyzed by the Kissinger and Ozawa method, apparent activation energies for three crystallization peak temperatures were Ep1<Ep2<Ep3, and this indicates that the first crystalline precipitation progresses more easily. After isothermal annealing at 623K below Tg, the number of crystallization peaks decreases from three to two with time increase, but the apparent activation energies for crystallization are nearly independent on pre-annealing.
Synthesis and Characterization of Glycidyl Allyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride (GADAC)
Authors: Zhang Shi Hong , Du Wei Chao , Liang Fa Shu
Published: July 2012

A brand new organic cationic monomer glycidyl allyl dimethyl ammonium chloride(GADAC) was synthesized with dimethylamine, allyl chlorine and epichlorohydrin to protect the oil and gas reservoirs from damage. The effect of temperature, pH, time and the mole ratio of reactants on cationic degree of GADAC was investigated by the orthogonal design experiments and then the effect of cation concentration on the cationic degree of GADAC was also studied. The optimal condition for synthesis was gained and the product was characterized by FIRS, and the results showed that the target-product had a very good performance of anti-expansion with a very high cationic degree of more than 97%.
Synthesis of Tung Oil-Based Bi-Dihydrogen-Maleimide
Authors: Zhou Jin Hua , Du Xun Jun , Sun Han Zhou , Wu Yu Xiong , Tan Xiao Feng , Zhang Huai Yun
Published: July 2012

Started from Tung oil, a renewable biomass material of china, a new kind of bismaleimide, Tung oil-based bi-dihydrogen-maleimide (TOBBDHMI) was synthesized by the reaction of methyl-α-eleostearate-maleic anhydride adduct (MEMAA) and 4,4'-diphenylmethane disocyanate (MDI). The optimal conditions for synthesis were catalyst triethylamine dosage 1.0%, mole ratio of MEMAA to MDI 2.4:1, reaction temperature 75°C and reaction time 2 h, which gave yield 82.4% for TOBBDHMI (calculated from MDI). The melting point of the product was 186.6 °C~189.3 °C, initial decomposition temperature was 270 °C and final decomposition temperature was 510 °C, which showed the product has good heat resistance. The target product is potential to be used alone or with other bismaleimide monomers to improve polymeric materials’ heat resistance and/or mechanical properties.
Synthesis of Glycolic and Oxalic Acid Europium: [Eu (C3 H6O9)] ·2(H2O)
Authors: Liu Hai Xing , Wang Jing , Jian Fang Fang , Yue Hui Juan , Zeng Guang , Tai Xi Shi
Published: July 2012

A new Eu complex [Eu (C3O9H6)] ·2(H2O) has been synthesized from a hydrothermal reaction and the crystal structure has been determined by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Eu atom is coordinated by eight O atoms. The molecular is antisymmetric structure by the C3-C3 axis. It is striking that the structure of the complex exhibits extensive O-H…O hydrogen-bonding interactions.
Synthesis and Characterization of the Monomeric Platinum(II) Complexes with 2,2’-Bipyridine Back-Bone Ligand
Authors: Chung Min Chul , Jo Woong Kyu , Son Seak Hwan , Kwak Chee Hun , Lee Ji Hoon , Ahn Ho Geun
Published: July 2012

The reaction of platinum(II) complexes of [Pt(bpy-R)Cl2] (R = H; 2,2’-bipyridine(bpy), R = 2(CH)3; 4,4’-dimethyl-2,2’-biypridine (DM-bpy), R = 4(CH3); 3,3’-5,5’-tertamethyl-2,2’-bipyridiyl (TM-bpy), (1-3) or [Pt(1,10-phen-R’)Cl2] (R’ = H; 1,10-phenanthroline(1,10-phen), R’= 4(CH3); 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline(3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phen) (4-5) with 1,4-bis(5'-2',2"-bipyridine)benzene(bpy-Ph-bpy) affords the following monomeric platinium(II) complexes: [Pt(bpy)(bpy-Ph-bpy)]2+(1), [Pt(DM-bpy)(bpy-Ph-bpy)](2), and [Pt(TM-bpy)(bpy-ph-bpy)]2+(3), [Pt(1,10-phenanthroline)(bpy-ph-bpy)]2+2+(4), [Pt(3,4,7,82+-tetramethyl-1,10-phen)(bpy-ph-bpy)]2+(5), respectively. These complexes were characterized by NMR, IR, UV/VIS and PL spectroscopy of the complexes were elucidated. The internal quantum yields of these platinum complexes are very high (0.13 ~ 0.99) and they emit light in the blue region (360 ~ 417 nm).
Synthesis and Glucose-Sensitivity of Composite Hydrogels Containing Immobilized Phenylboronic Acid
Authors: Liang Shan Shan , Hao Hong , Lin Gen Yao
Published: July 2012

The PBA-containing hydrogels were produced by copolymerizing 3-acrylaminophenylboronic acid with acrylamide. Hydrogels swelling increases steadily with pH and glucose concentration. The boronate specific dye, Alizarin Red S(ARS) was incorporated into hydrogels film. Alizarin Red S displays a dramatic change in ﬂuorescence intensity and color in response to binding to boronic acid. The sensitivity of hydrogels is improved significantly.
Efficient and Convenient Preparation of γ-Unsecalactone
Authors: Dong Wan , Zhang Chen , Ye Li Yi , Yang Jing , Shen You Yu , Tu Song
Published: July 2012

γ-Unsecalactone was prepared efficiently via the free radical addition reaction with acrylic acid and n-octanol as raw materials. An improved process which used Dean-Stark trap with adding anhydrous Na2SO4as desiccant was developed. Through the orthogonal experiments about the dosages of di-t-butyl peroxide(DTBP) and zinc bromide (ZnBr2), the optimal reaction conditions were as follows:n(DTBP): n(acrylic acid) = 0.160, n(ZnBr2): n(acrylic acid) = 0.050. The yield of γ-unsecalactone based on the optimal reaction conditions reached 71%.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hard Hydrolytic Borate Ester Surfactant
Authors: Wu Bo , Zheng Guo , Sun Yu , Wang Qi , Wang Lei , Yao Hao
Published: July 2012

Boric acid and glycerol were adopted as the starting materials to react with cation exchange resin (CER) as the catalyst. The conversion of the products was characterized by acid value, titrated by potassium hydroxide (KOH) ethanol solution. It showed that the yield of the optimum products got to about 89%. Then they were modified with EO, gaining more than four carbon chains, and hydrolytic time was prolonged to 48 h. The structures of the unmodified and modified products were further confirmed by IR. The results indicated that hard hydrolytic borate ester surfactants with C-O-C bond were synthesized.
The Synthesis and Ion-Exchange Property of Li+ Memorized Spinel Li2Mn0.75Ti0.25O3
Authors: Jiang Jin He
Published: July 2012

Inorganic ion exchanger Li2Mn0.75Ti0.25O3 is synthesized. It was prepared by a solid state reaction crystallization method. The results showed that the Li+ extraction/insertion be progressed mainly by an ion-exchange mechanism. The acid treated samples had an ion exchange capacity of 7.4 mmol•g-1 for Li+. It had a memorial ion-sieve property for Li+.
Antioxidant Activity of Peptides Extracted from Brewers’ Spent Grain Peptides
Authors: Zong Xu Yan , Li Li , Feng Xu Qiao , Luo Hui Bo , Zhou Jian , Liu Chang Jiang
Published: July 2012

Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) protein extracted from BSG was hydrolyzed using Alcalase to produce BSG protein hydrolysate. BSG protein hydrolysate was fractionated by ultrafiltration to obtain brown color BSG peptides. Antioxidant activity of BSG peptides was analyzeded and compared with reduced glutathione (GSH). BSG peptides exhibited 50% of scavenging activities on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide radical with concentrations less than 0.8 mg/mL, 0.6 mg/mL and 0.6 mg/mL, respectively. The reducing power of BSG peptides was 0.70 at the concentration of 2.00 mg/mL. 86.30% of the total amount of the BSG peptides purified by gel permeation chromatography was below 2000 Da. Because of its antioxidant activity, stability, nutritive value and low cost, BSG peptides exerts a possibility to use in food or cosmetic products.
Comparison Studies on Antioxidant Properties of Black Sesame Seed (Sesamum indicum L.) Extracts Prepared by Thermal Processing Methods
Authors: Xiong Yan , Xiong Li , Wu Xue Wen , Rao Li Qun , Ai Qun Hong
Published: July 2012

The effects of thermal processing methods on antioxidant properties (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP) of black sesame seeds (BSS) were investigated. In this study, all samples were thermally processed by steaming, roasting and microwaving, and the effects on the levels of total phenolic content (TPC), tannins content (TC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were also studied. The thermal processes applied in the present study were: steaming (80 kPa for 15 min and 30 min), roasting (160 °C for 5 min and 10 min) and microwaving (4 min and 8 min). The results showed that the steaming process led to significant (p oC for 10min. Despite the higher level of total phenolics and tannins content observed in roasted sample, roasted BSS extract showed the lowest antioxidant activity in DPPH (15.2%), ABTS (45.6%) and FRAP (110.0 10-3mM Fe2+/100 g). Steamed BSS at 80 kPa for 30 min exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, suggesting that steaming is the preferred thermal processing method to get better health-related quality of BSS products.
Optimization on Process Parameters of Brewing Ganoderma lucidum Functional Drinking Vinegar
Authors: Sun Zu Li , Guo Ming En
Published: July 2012

Through the biological reaction caused by self-detached acetic acid bacteria in the ganoderma lucidum deep fermented liquid, the process parameters of producing ganoderma lucidum functional drinking vinegar have been researched. Using the orthogonal experiment and the method of neural network, the nonlinear mapping model among the ganoderma lucidum functional drinking vinegar's process parameters has been established. Through the optimization, the best process parameters were: ethanol quantity was 6.7±0.2%, ganoderma lucidum liquid quantity was 32±1%, reaction time was 74h, inoculum concentration of acetic acid bacteria was 10%.
Effect of Superchilling Storage on Quality Characterizes and Physical Properties of Surimi from Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) as Compared with Cooling Freshness Preservation
Authors: Liu Qian , Han Jian Chun , Zhang Yong Gen , Li Shuang Mei , Li Jing , Chen Qian
Published: July 2012

Quality characterizes of surimi of silver carp at two different conditions of superchilling and cooling freshness preservation. The pH value, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS value), protein soubility and ATPase activity were studied. The result showed that pH value and TBARS value increased with the increasing of the storage time (P < 0.05), protein soubility and both ATPase activity decreased with the increasing of the storage time (P < 0.05). In general, superchilling is a good way to preserve freshness of fresh products and the raw material before processing, and also could have great effect on improving the quality characterizes of surimi and prolong its shelf life.