bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of TFF3 synergizes with c-MET inhibitors to decrease the CSC-like phenotype and metastatic burden in ER+HER2+ mammary carcinoma
Authors: He Chuyu , Wang Xuejuan , Chiou Yi-Shiou , Basappa Basappa , Zhu Tao , Pandey Vijay , Lobie Peter E.
Published: February 2025

The interaction between HER2 and ERα signaling pathways contributes to resistance to anti-estrogen and HER2-targeted therapies, presenting substantial treatment challenges in ER-positive (ER+) HER2-positive (HER2+) mammary carcinoma (MC). Trefoil Factor-3 (TFF3) has been reported to mediate resistance to both anti-estrogen and anti-HER2 targeted therapies in ER+ and ER+HER2+ MC, respectively. Herein, the function and mechanism of TFF3 in ER+HER2+ MC were delineated; and novel combinatorial therapeutic strategies were identified. Elevated expression of TFF3 promoted the oncogenicity of ER+HER2+ MC cells, including enhanced cell proliferation, survival, anchorage-independent growth, 3D growth, cancer stem cell-like (CSC-like) phenotype, migration, invasion, and xenograft growth. Targeting TFF3 with an interfering RNA plasmid or a small-molecule inhibitor (AMPC) inhibited these oncogenic characteristics, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting TFF3 in ER+HER2+ MC. Furthermore, a high-throughput combinatorial anti-cancer compound library screening revealed that AMPC preferentially synergized with receptor tyrosine kinase c-MET inhibitors (c-METis) to reduce cell survival and the CSC-like phenotype. The combination of AMPC and c-METis also synergistically suppressed the in vivo growth of ER+HER2+ MC cell-derived xenografts and abrogated lung metastasis. Mechanistically, TFF3 was observed to activate c-MET signaling through a positive-feedback loop to enhance the CSC-like phenotype of ER+HER2+ MC. Therefore, proof of concept is provided herein that antagonizing of TFF3 is a promising therapeutic strategy in combination with c-MET inhibition for the treatment of ER+HER2+ MC.
The tetracycline resistome is shaped by selection for specific resistance mechanisms by each antibiotic generation
Authors: Blake Kevin S. , Xue Yao-Peng , Gillespie Vincent J. , Fishbein Skye R. S. , Tolia Niraj H. , Wencewicz Timothy A. , Dantas Gautam
Published: February 2025

The history of clinical resistance to tetracycline antibiotics is characterized by cycles whereby the deployment of a new generation of drug molecules is quickly followed by the discovery of a new mechanism of resistance. This suggests mechanism-specific selection by each tetracycline generation; however, the evolutionary dynamics of this remain unclear. Here, we evaluate 24 recombinant Escherichia coli strains expressing tetracycline resistance genes from each mechanism (efflux pumps, ribosomal protection proteins, and enzymatic inactivation) in the context of each tetracycline generation. We employ a high-throughput barcode sequencing protocol that can discriminate between strains in mixed culture and quantify their relative abundances. We find that each mechanism is preferentially selected for by specific antibiotic generations, leading to their expansion. Remarkably, the minimum inhibitory concentration associated with individual genes is secondary to resistance mechanism for inter-mechanism relative fitness, but it does explain intra-mechanism relative fitness. These patterns match the history of clinical deployment of tetracycline drugs and resistance discovery in pathogens.
Three-dimensional mapping of the altermagnetic spin splitting in CrSb
Authors: Yang Guowei , Li Zhanghuan , Yang Sai , Li Jiyuan , Zheng Hao , Zhu Weifan , Pan Ze , Xu Yifu , Cao Saizheng , Zhao Wenxuan , Jana Anupam , Zhang Jiawen , Ye Mao , Song Yu , Hu Lun-Hui , Yang Lexian , Fujii Jun , Vobornik Ivana , Shi Ming , Yuan Huiqiu , Zhang Yongjun , Xu Yuanfeng , Liu Yang
Published: February 2025

Altermagnetism, a kind of collinear magnetism that is characterized by a momentum-dependent band and spin splitting without net magnetization, has recently attracted considerable interest. Finding altermagnetic materials with large splitting near the Fermi level necessarily requires three-dimensional k-space mapping. While this is crucial for spintronic applications and emergent phenomena, it remains challenging. Here, using synchrotron-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), spin-resolved ARPES and model calculations, we uncover a large altermagnetic splitting, up to  ~1.0 eV, near the Fermi level in CrSb. We verify its bulk-type g-wave altermagnetism through systematic three-dimensional k-space mapping, which unambiguously reveals the altermagnetic symmetry and associated nodal planes. Spin-resolved ARPES measurements further verify the spin polarizations of the split bands near Fermi level. Tight-binding model analysis indicates that the large altermagnetic splitting arises from strong third-nearest-neighbor hopping mediated by Sb ions. The large band/spin splitting near Fermi level in metallic CrSb, together with its high T

N
(up to 705 K) and simple spin configuration, paves the way for exploring emergent phenomena and spintronic applications based on altermagnets.
Tissue shear as a cue for aligning planar polarity in the developing Drosophila wing
Authors: Tan Su Ee , Strutt David
Published: February 2025

Planar polarity establishment in epithelia requires interpretation of directional tissue-level information at cellular and molecular levels. Mechanical forces exerted during tissue morphogenesis are emerging as crucial tissue-level directional cues, yet the mechanisms by which they regulate planar polarity are poorly understood. Using the Drosophila pupal wing, we confirm that tissue stress promotes proximal-distal (PD) planar polarity alignment. Moreover, high tissue stress anisotropy can reduce the rate of accumulation and lower the stability on cell junctions of the core planar polarity protein Frizzled (Fz). Notably, under high tissue stress anisotropy, we see an increased gradient of cell flow, characterised by differential velocities across adjacent cell rows. This promotes core protein turnover at cell-cell contacts parallel to the flow direction, possibly via dissociation of transmembrane complexes by shear forces. We propose that gradients of cell flow play a critical role in establishing and maintaining PD-oriented polarity alignment in the developing pupal wing.
A single-nucleus RNA sequencing atlas of the postnatal retina of the shark Scyliorhinus canicula
Authors: Vidal-Vázquez Nicolás , Hernández-Núñez Ismael , Carballo-Pacoret Pablo , Salisbury Sarah , Villamayor Paula R. , Hervas-Sotomayor Francisca , Yuan Xuefei , Lamanna Francesco , Schneider Céline , Schmidt Julia , Mazan Sylvie , Kaessmann Henrik , Adrio Fátima , Robledo Diego , Barreiro-Iglesias Antón , Candal Eva
Published: February 2025

The retina, whose basic cellular structure is highly conserved across vertebrates, constitutes an accessible system for studying the central nervous system. In recent years, single-cell RNA sequencing studies have uncovered cellular diversity in the retina of a variety of species, providing new insights on retinal evolution and development. However, similar data in cartilaginous fishes, the sister group to all other extant jawed vertebrates, are still lacking. Here, we present a single-nucleus RNA sequencing atlas of the postnatal retina of the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula, consisting of the expression profiles for 17,438 individual cells from three female, juvenile catshark specimens. Unsupervised clustering revealed 22 distinct cell types comprising all major retinal cell classes, as well as retinal progenitor cells (whose presence reflects the persistence of proliferative activity in postnatal stages in sharks) and oligodendrocytes. Thus, our dataset serves as a foundation for further studies on the development and function of the catshark retina. Moreover, integration of our atlas with data from other species will allow for a better understanding of vertebrate retinal evolution.
Excited states of mono- and biruthenium(II) complexes adsorbed on nanocrystalline titanium dioxide studied by electroabsorption spectroscopy
Authors: Pelczarski Daniel , Gierczyk Błażej , Zalas Maciej , Makowska-Janusik Malgorzata , Stampor Waldemar
Published: February 2025

Comprehensive characterization of the lowest energy electronic excited states for mono- and binuclear Ru(II) complexes containing bipyridine ligands has been performed by electroabsorption (EA) spectroscopy. The EA spectra of Ru complexes sensitizing a TiO2 semiconductor were compared with the spectra of these complexes in the form of solid neat films, both of which parametrized within the Liptay theory. The extracted values of relevant parameters, relating to molecular dipoles after optical MLCT (metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer) excitation, exhibit a clearly noticeable increase for Ru complexes adsorbed on TiO2, but they are too small to be attributed to excitation associated with the direct transfer of an electron from the dye adsorbate to the TiO2 semiconductor. Due to the difficulties arising from standard analysis based on Liptay formalism, we have for the first time successfully reproduced the EA spectra of the Ru/TiO2 systems using the time-dependent density functional (TDDFT) calculations, incorporating into the Hamiltonian a term describing the interaction of a molecule with the local electric field it experiences from the TiO2 structure and the neighboring Ru complex molecules, without additional assumptions about the lineshape of the EA signal. The implications of these results are briefly discussed in the context of dye-sensitized solar cells.
Movement traits important to conservation and fisheries management: an example with red snapper
Authors: Lowerre-Barbieri Susan K. , Wall Kara , Friess Claudia , Keenan Sean , Lembke Chad , Tarnecki Joseph , Williams-Grove Laura Jay , Patterson William F.
Published: February 2025

Site fidelity, space use, and dispersal are commonly estimated with acoustic telemetry (AT) to help inform management and conservation. These behaviors can change with age, habitat and environmental conditions and our ability to accurately estimate them is affected by a study’s inference power (design components that affect how accurately detection data represents a species’ movements). Red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) have been extensively studied with AT over a range of time periods and regions, although primarily at artificial reefs (AR). Here, we use large (> 12 km2) acoustic positioning arrays to monitor a study area with low-relief hard bottom, a reef ledge, and an AR. Annual fidelity to the study area was estimated to be 54%, but estimates were affected by fate uncertainty and model choice. Emigration increased with storms and in early summer. Abundance was greatest at small habitat patches but space use did not scale with patch size. Although uncommon, long-distance movements and connectivity between habitats occurred, with a maximum dispersal of 206 km. Previous red snapper AT studies varied greatly in array size, study duration, and number of fish tracked, impacting inference power. This made it difficult to compare results and highlights the need for greater standardization in AT methods.
Effect of some growth substances application on growth and seasonal yield of acid lime trees (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) in Delta
Authors: Abobatta Waleed Fouad , Khodier Mahmoud A. , Ismail Hassan S. H.
Published: February 2025

This work aims to investigate the impact of chitosan and hydrogen peroxide on the growth and seasonal yield of lime trees cultivated in commercial orchards in Qalyubiyya Governorate, Egypt, during the 2021 & 2022 seasons. The treatments include foliar spraying of two concentrations of CHI (100 & 200 ppm) and H2O2 (2 & 4 cm/L), either individually or in combination, at two distinct times, one month after fruit set (1st week of September) and after two months. The hypothesis was that applying chitosan and hydrogen peroxide would improve tree growth, fruit quality, and total production. The obtained results indicated that the combinations of CHI with H2O2 improved tree growth, leaf mineral composition, seasonal yield, and fruit quality parameters. CHI at 200 ppm + H2O2 at 4 cm/L was the most efficient treatment and achieved the largest tree canopy. Treatment of 100 ppm CHI with 2 cm/L H2O2 showed superior yield in terms of tree yield (23.56 & 29.64 kg/tree), total production (8.15 & 9.16 t/ha) compared to other treatments. Likewise, combinations of CHI and H2O2 improved fruit characteristics. Findings of this study demonstrated that the foliar application of CHI with H2O2 could be a promising application to improve seasonal lemon yield and fruit quality in commercial orchards.
Evaluation of humoral immune response and milk antibody transfer in calves and lactating cows vaccinated with inactivated H5 avian influenza vaccine
Authors: Abousenna Mohamed Samy , Shafik Nermeen G. , Abotaleb Mahmoud M.
Published: February 2025

The detection of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) in dairy cattle in the United States has raised concerns about human exposure. This study evaluated the efficacy of various doses of an inactivated H5 AI vaccine in cattle and assessed antibody transfer in milk against a recent bovine isolate of HPAI A(H5N1, clade 2.3.4.4b). Calves were inoculated with different vaccine doses, while lactating cows received the vaccine four weeks later. The humoral immune response was measured using the Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test and ELISA. Results showed a dose-dependent immune response, with higher doses producing stronger and more sustained antibody levels. Group 1 maintained a stable HI titer of 6 log2, while Groups 2, 3, and 4 peaked at 8, 9, and 9 log2, respectively, by the fourth week post-vaccination. Milk antibody transfer was observed, with strong positive responses in milk samples by the second week post-vaccination. The ID Screen ELISA demonstrated higher sensitivity for detecting antibodies in milk compared to serum. The immune response to the AI vaccine differed from responses to other vaccines used in cattle such as Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) and Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV), indicating the need for optimizing vaccine dosage and formulation, including adjuvant and antigen content. Future research should extend the monitoring period, increase sample sizes, and explore different vaccine formulations to develop effective vaccination strategies for cattle. These findings highlight the potential for using inactivated H5 AI vaccines in cattle to enhance immune protection and facilitate antibody transfer through milk.
Integrating petrophysical characterization and reservoir evaluation of the Kafr ELSheikh formation in Sapphire field, Nile Delta, Egypt
Authors: Sobih Naiem Souilam , El Nagar Ahmed Ahmed , Abbas Ali Elsayed , Shehab Samir
Published: February 2025

This study aims to integrate petrophysical characterization and reservoir evaluation for optimizing field development. The focus is on the Kafr Elsheikh formation, using iso-parametric maps to analyze key reservoir parameters such as effective porosity, shale content, net-pay thickness, permeability, hydrocarbon saturation, and water saturation across lateral sections. Petrophysical characterization is essential for understanding the reservoir quality and productivity potential. The study evaluates four wells—Sapphire 1, Sapphire-Da, Sapphire-Deep 1, and Sapphire-Dh—using well logs, including gamma ray, caliper, density, neutron, and resistivity, recorded in Las files. These wells are crucial for assessing the reservoir potential and development path of the Sapphire Field. Findings reveal that the Kafr Elsheikh formation has significant reservoir potential, with effective porosity ranging from 14 to 34%, water saturation between 15% and 45%, gas saturation from 55 to 85%, and net-pay thickness from 0.46 m to 23.8 m. Lithological analysis shows a composition of sandstone and shale within the formation. The developmental trajectory of Sapphire Field indicates increases in effective porosity and hydrocarbon saturation towards the central and northwest-southeast directions. Sapphire Da is identified as the most promising well, with 85% saturation, 29% effective porosity, and a net-pay thickness of 14.04 m. The study underscores the hydrocarbon reserves in the Kafr Elsheikh formation and advocates for further exploration and development wells to enhance productivity. Insights from iso-parametric maps are vital for future exploration and development within the Sapphire Field.
Longitudinal characterization reveals behavioral impairments in aged APP knock in mouse models
Authors: Blackmer-Raynolds Lisa , Lipson Lyndsey D. , Fraccaroli Isabel , Krout Ian N. , Chang Jianjun , Sampson Timothy Robert
Published: February 2025

APP knock-in (KI) mice serve as an exciting new model system to understand amyloid beta (Aβ) pathology, overcoming many of the limitations of previous overexpression-based model systems. The APPSAA mouse model (containing the humanized APP with three familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations) and the APPWT control (containing wildtype humanized APP) are the first commercially available APP KI mice within the United States. While APPSAA mice have been shown to develop progressive Aβ pathology and neuroinflammation, the age at which behavioral and cognitive impairments begin to develop has yet to be described. Therefore, we performed an in-depth longitudinal study over 16 months, assessing cognition in these two strains, as well as assessments of motor function. While no cognitive deficits are observed in either genotype throughout the first year of life, 16-month-old APPSAA, but not APPWT mice show initial signs of spatial memory decline. In addition, both genotypes display impaired motor function at the same age. Together, this data identifies a timeframe where behavioral deficits appear, providing an essential foundation for future studies using these model systems.
Incommensurable matter-wave jets in quasi-1D geometry
Authors: Mežnaršič Tadej , Žitko Rok , Gosar Katja , Pirman Jure , Arh Katja , Jug Matevž , Zupanič Erik , Jeglič Peter
Published: February 2025

Bose-Einstein condensates subjected to modulation of the interaction between atoms exhibit the emergence of density waves and matter-wave jets with a velocity proportional to the square root of the modulation frequency. Matter-wave jets have been studied in two- and one-dimensional systems showing that for sufficiently strong modulation additional higher harmonic matter-wave jets emerge. Here we report the experimental observation of incommensurable “golden”

$$\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}$$

1
+

5

2

matter-wave jets in a Bose-Einstein condensate exposed to a single frequency interaction modulation. We study the formation of higher-order jets in quasi-one-dimensional geometry with numerical one dimensional (1D) Gross-Pitaevskii equation simulation. We explore the process of jet formation experimentally and theoretically for a wide range of modulation amplitudes and frequencies and establish a phase diagram delineating different regimes of jet formation. The observation of incommensurate jets provides a new route to an aperiodic density modulation of the condensate without employing an external potential.
Evaluating the possibilities and limitations of the pyrometallurgical recycling of waste Li-ion batteries using simulation and life cycle assessment
Authors: Rinne Marja , Lappalainen Heikki , Lundström Mari
Published: February 2025

The environmental impacts of recycling spent lithium-ion batteries pyrometallurgically were investigated by process simulation and life cycle assessment to evaluate the options to improve the existing flowsheets and to consider technical aspects.
Tensile-strain-driven interstitial Ru doping structure on an FeCoP/FF electrode accelerates the reaction kinetics of water electrolysis
Authors: Zhan Lu , Liu Yanru , Zhou Guizhong , Liu Kang , Du Yunmei , Wang Lei
Published: February 2025

This work creatively developed a strain-driven interstitial Ru doping strategy to synthesize an interstitially Ru doped-FeCoP/FF electrode with 2.32% tensile strain.
EV-Lev: extracellular vesicle isolation from human plasma using microfluidic magnetic levitation device
Authors: Yaman Sena , Devoe Tessa , Aygun Ugur , Parlatan Ugur , Bobbili Madhusudhan Reddy , Karim Asma H. , Grillari Johannes , Durmus Naside Gozde
Published: February 2025

This design demonstrates the isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human plasma, utilizing polymer beads as assay surfaces to capture EV subpopulations and magnetic levitation to sort beads at different outlets.
Hierarchical intrafibrillar mineralization with EGaIn nanocapsules through a one-step collagen self-assembly approach
Authors: Mwangi Kevin H. , Qu Yue , Tong Sengpav , Sun Xiaodan , Zhao Lingyun , Wang XiuMei
Published: February 2025

A schematic shows the one-step formation of intrafibrillar mineralization in a PEG-EGaIn containing a Col-Ap mimetic in the presence of benign aqueous ethanol and HPAA (used to simulate the phosphoprotein osteopontin).
A self-powered HgTe quantum dots/PBDB-T:Y6 bipolar broadband photodetector for logic gates
Authors: Zeng Wenxin , Duan Zaihua , Bu Yichen , Yu Haichao , Wang Changhong , Tang Xing , Yang Jingwen , Yuan Zhen , Jiang Yadong , Tai Huiling
Published: February 2025

A self-powered bipolar photodetector based on HgTe quantum dots/PBDB-T:Y6 with a broadband bipolar photoresponse and fast response speed has been shown to achieve five logic gate functions and dual-channel encrypted optical communication.
Without a Grain of Salt: Micropatterning Clean MXene Thin-Film Electronics
Authors: Favelukis Bar , Ratzker Barak , Miyar Rebeca , Jopp Juergen , Upcher Alexander , Shekhter Pini , maman nitzan , Sokol Maxim
Published: February 2025

MXenes exhibits remarkable electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties, positioning them as strong candidates for high-performance electrodes and interconnects. Deposited 2D MXene thin-films suffer from a persistent issue of crystalline salt...
Proper aggregation of Pt is beneficial for the epoxidation of styrene by O2 over Ptx/γ-Al2O3 catalysts
Authors: Li Fengfeng , Shen Chenyang , He Yu , Lu Haoyu , Gu Rongtian , Yao Jun , Zhang Zhewei , Mei Feifei , Zhao Taotao , Guo Xiangke , Xue Nianhua , Ding Weiping
Published: February 2025

The dispersion of metal catalysts has multiple effects on catalytic performance, and higher dispersions do not necessarily imply better performance.
In situ polymerization of an electrochemically stable dual-salt gel polymer electrolyte for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Kuo Yen-Shen , Hong Jhang-Yao , Chou Wei-Lung , Liu Yi-Hung
Published: February 2025

The LiPF6/LiTFSI dual-salt gel polymer electrolyte possesses a well-distributed framework which benefits lithium ion transport pathway and further enhances its compatibility with lithium metal and electrochemical performance of lithium ion batteries.
A thermomechanically stable nanofiber separator with multiscale MOF networks towards high-efficiency ion transport
Authors: Lan Feifei , Zhao Huijuan , Jiang Yu , Jin Cancan , Zhao Guodong , Li Lin
Published: February 2025

The 3D multiscale MOF networks possess continuous 1D MOF nanofibers to offer well-ordered ion channels, while sub-nano pores and Lewis acid sites serve as ion sieves to selectively confine the movement of larger anions for accelerating Li+ migration.
Luminescent bio-sensors via co-assembly of hen egg white lysozyme with Eu3+/Tb3+-complexes
Authors: Zhang Min , Qiu Miao , Li Zengkun , Xu Rui , Wang Yao , Wang Wei , Snow Christopher D. , Kipper Matt J. , Belfiore Laurence A. , Tang Jianguo
Published: February 2025

Protein luminescent crystals that can stably exist in water and ethanol and are prepared by a two-step method can respond to different concentrations of amino acids.
Multifunctional red-emissive AIEgens as DNA-intercalating ligands: dual sensing of pH and viscosity accompanied by tissue imaging
Authors: Pandit Sulekha Kumari , Das Gopal
Published: February 2025

The DNA-intercalating ligand AN exhibits aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and a colorimetric pH response as a versatile biosensing probe with red emission for deep tissue penetration. The ligand is also highly sensitive to viscosity detection.
New bis-pyrazolate zinc(ii) complexes as potential anticancer drugs: from structure to anticancer activity
Authors: Hasić Rušid , Serezlić Majda Kolenović , Caković Angelina , Bogojeski Jovana , Nikodijević Danijela , Milutinović Milena , Stanojević Aleksandra , Čavić Milena , Egorov Andrei V. , Komolkin Andrei V. , Kornyakov Ilya V. , Scheurer Andreas , Puchta Ralph , Soldatović Tanja V.
Published: February 2025

The modes of interaction of monofunctional Zn(ii) complexes with bispyrazolate ligands with DNA and BSA biomolecules were investigated, alongside comparative cytotoxicity studies.
Impact of 3D model simplifications on the determination of numerical accuracy of the radar cross‐section in aerial target recognition issues
Authors: Bużantowicz Witold , Walenczykowska Marta
Published: February 2025

Method of moments is one of the most useful approaches for radar cross‐section (RCS) simulation, allowing, that is, the computation of the scattering of real objects from 3D models. However, it is limited by computer memory and computation time. In this paper, the authors explore the question of the balance between the possible acceptable level of 3D model simplification and the time benefit associated with a decrease in computational overhead due to the reduction of the model geometry complexity. A spatial volume‐based RCS characterisation quality index is proposed to help determine the level of simplification to achieve a significant reduction in computation time while maintaining an acceptable level of similarity. The authors present the results of the calculations performed for perfectly conducted sphere 3D models with varying levels of geometry simplification for which a simple analytical solution exists. Furthermore, the results of the computations performed for a generic missile model set are shown. Possible areas of the application of the proposed approach are also considered.
Environmental effects on nearby debris discs
Authors: Heras A. M. , Eiroa C. , del Burgo C. , Marshall J. P. , Montesinos B.
Published: February 2025

Aims. We investigate the influence of the interstellar medium (ISM) on debris discs using a statistical approach. We probe the effect of the ISM on debris disc occurrence rates and on the morphologies of the discs.

Methods. We used results from the Herschel Space Observatory DUNES and DEBRIS surveys of 295 nearby FGK dwarf stars imaged at 100 µm and 160 µm. Most of the 48 debris discs in this sample have small optical depths, making them more likely to be affected by the ISM compared to optically thick discs. Since the stars in our sample are located within the Local Interstellar Cloud, we can infer that their debris discs encounter similar conditions. This allows us to use the stellar space velocity, in particular the U component, as a single indicator of the forces that can act on the debris disc dust grains when they interact with the ISM. Because older stars show a larger dispersion of space velocity values, we investigated the impact of the debris disc ages on our results.

Results. The observed debris disc occurrence rates seem to depend on the stellar space velocities, as expected under the hypothesis that stars with higher space velocities have a higher probability of losing their circumstellar dust. The percentage of sources with debris discs in our sample reaches a maximum of ≈25% for stars with low space velocity component values, |Urel|, relative to the local ISM, and decreases monotonically for larger |Urel| values down to the 10% level. A decrease in the average disc fractional luminosity as a function of |Urel| is also observed. These dependences do not disappear after accounting for the reported higher dispersion of U values with age. In extended discs, the impact of the ISM could also explain the links observed between the stellar space velocities and the debris disc’s projected ellipticities, position angles, and radii. The fractional luminosities of the debris discs appear to be correlated with their position angles, suggesting that the effect of the ISM on the dust content depends on the disc orientation. Although these indications may not be fully conclusive on their own, they collectively reinforce the hypothesis that the ISM influences the occurrence rates and morphologies of debris discs, thereby motivating additional research on the impact of the environment.
Sample of hydrogen-rich superluminous supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility
Authors: Pessi P.J. , Lunnan R. , Sollerman J. , Schulze S. , Gkini A. , Gangopadhyay A. , Yan L. , Gal-Yam A. , Perley D.A. , Chen T.-W. , Hinds K.R. , Brennan S.J. , Hu Y. , Singh A. , Andreoni I. , Cook D.O. , Fremling C. , Ho A.Y.Q. , Sharma Y. , van Velzen S. , Kangas T. , Wold A. , Bellm E.C. , Bloom J.S. , Graham M.J. , Kasliwal M.M. , Kulkarni S.R. , Riddle R. , Rusholme B.
Published: February 2025

Hydrogen-rich superluminous supernovae (SLSNe II) are rare. The exact mechanism producing their extreme light curve peaks is not understood. Analysis of single events and small samples suggest that circumstellar material (CSM) interaction is the main mechanism responsible for the observed features. However, other mechanisms cannot be discarded. Large sample analysis can provide clarification. We aim to characterize the light curves of a sample of 107 SLSNe II to provide valuable information that can be used to validate theoretical models. We analyzed the gri light curves of SLSNe II obtained through ZTF. We studied the peak absolute magnitudes and characteristic timescales. When possible, we computed the g-r colors and pseudo-bolometric light curves, and estimated lower limits for their total radiated energy. We also studied the luminosity distribution of our sample and estimated the fraction that would be observable by the LSST. Finally, we compared our sample to other H-rich SNe and to H-poor SLSNe I. SLSNe II are heterogeneous. Their median peak absolute magnitude is ∼ -20.3 mag in optical bands. Their rise can take from ∼ two weeks to over three months, and their decline times range from ∼ twenty days to over a year. We found no significant correlations between peak magnitude and timescales. SLSNe II tend to show fainter peaks, longer declines, and redder colors than SLSNe I. We present the largest sample of SLSN II light curves to date, comprising 107 events. Their diversity could be explained by different CSM morphologies, although theoretical analysis is needed to explore alternative scenarios. Other luminous transients, such as active galactic nuclei, tidal disruption events or SNe Ia-CSM, can easily become contaminants. Thus, good multiwavelength light curve coverage becomes paramount. LSST could miss ∼ 30% of the ZTF events in its gri band footprint.
Spectral features and variable circular polarisation in the radio emission from the pre-cataclysmic variable QS Vir
Authors: Ridder M.E. , Hughes A.K. , Heinke C.O. , Sivakoff G.R. , Sydora R.D.
Published: February 2025

QS Vir is a low-accretion rate cataclysmic variable (CV), or pre-CV, as the M dwarf companion is just filling its Roche lobe. We recently identified radio emission from QS Vir in the Very Large Array Sky Survey (VLASS), at a flux of ∼1 mJy. The origin of radio emission from CVs is not fully understood, with evidence for synchrotron emission from jets and other coherent plasma emission processes, such as electron cyclotron maser emission (ECME) or plasma radiation. Our aim is to constrain the radio emission mechanism for QS Vir, through spectroscopic, polarisation, and time variability measurements, all while checking for correlated X-ray variations. We took three epochs of new observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) in S, C, and X bands, with full Stokes polarisation information, complemented by near-simultaneous Swift /XRT X-ray data. Radio spectra were extracted to search for emission features characteristic of coherent plasma emission processes (e.g. high circular polarisation and narrow-band emission). We fit the X-ray spectra with absorbed power laws, finding no strong X-ray variability. QS Vir showed a nearly flat radio spectrum, with fluxes of 0.4-0.6 mJy in all bands. Swift /XRT showed L_X∼5 erg/s in all observations. We identified strong, variable circular polarisation, ranging from 33±3% in S band in the last observation, to $<$11% in the middle observation in all bands. Linear polarisation was not detected, with upper limits of at most 15%. Intriguingly, the S-band spectra show circularly polarised spectral bumps (width ∼0.5 GHz) that rise and decay within lesssim 5 minutes. We suggest that the radio emission from QS Vir consists of two components: a relatively constant, low-polarisation flat-spectrum component and a band-limited, rapidly variable, and strongly circularly polarised component. This latter coherent component may be associated with ECME or plasma radiation.
Inframillimetric slip rate and ~8kyr long recurrence intervals for Mw ≥ 7.5 earthquakes along the southern section of the Har-Us-Nuur fault (Mongolian Altay)
Authors: Ramel Fabien , Ritz Jean-François , Ferry Matthieu , Malcles Oswald , Davaasambuu Battogtokh , Arzhannikova Anastasia V. , Arzhannikov Sergueï , Chebotarev Alexeï , Danzansan Erdenezul , Ayush Dulguun , Munkhuu Ulzibat , Demberel Sodnomsambuu
Published: February 2025

The Har-Us-Nuur fault corresponds to one of the longest (>500 km) strike-slip fault in Mongolian Altai. Despite the fault clearly affects Quaternary deposits, no major instrumental or historical earthquake is associated to it and only a few morphotectonic and paleoseismological analyses have been carried out to date. In this paper, we describe a new surface rupture in the southern section of the Har-Us-Nuur fault along which we study in detail a 20 km long section of it. A morphotectonic analysis yielded a minimum slip rate of 0.32 ± 0.04 mm.yr¯¹, while paleosismological investigations suggest a mean recurrence interval of about 8.1 ± 3.4 kyr from the characterization of three surface rupturing events that occurred during the past 23 kyr. Combining this interval with a 5 - 6 m displacement estimated for the last seismic event, and assuming it corresponds to a characteristic slip and recurrence interval, yields a slip rate of 0.62 ± 0.27 mm.yr¯¹. These preliminary results suggest that the Har-Us-Nuur fault slip rate is inframillimetric and therefore lower than previous published estimates. They also suggest that the fault is able of producing major earthquakes (Mw ≥7.5) separated by very long period of quiescence.
Assessment of environmental conditions in the Southwestern Region of Moscow
Authors: Buzyakova Inna , Revin Andrey , Lyadov Evgeni
Published: February 2025

Air pollution is a leading factor affecting the health of the population residing in the capital. The primary source of air pollution in the city is automobile transport, accounting for over 90% of emissions. The number of vehicles on the roads increases annually, resulting in traffic congestion and elevated levels of exhaust fumes and pollution in residential areas and neighborhoods. Industrial enterprises also contribute significantly to pollution. Surface and groundwater in Moscow experience considerable stress, primarily due to intensive and irrational use of water resources, as well as the discharge of inadequately treated industrial and storm wastewater. Within Moscow's historical boundaries, artificially created or heavily transformed soils, known as urban soils, predominate. Differences between these soils, inherited from natural parent soils, consist of the mechanical composition of upper horizons and physicochemical characteristics of underlying rocks. These differences affect the soil's resistance to anthropogenic impacts and, consequently, determine the extent of necessary intervention to maintain satisfactory quality (volume of work and financial costs for maintenance and rehabilitation).
Economic growth and environmental responsibility as the basis of the region circular ecosystem
Authors: Malevskaia-Malevich Ekaterina , Kvasha Nadezhda
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to analyzing the relationship between economic growth and environmental responsibility in the context of the formation of a circular economy in the North-West region of Russia. In the context of the concentration of waste and pollution in key production areas, the influence of the gross regional product (GRP) on the environmental load is studied. The problems of waste disposal and recycling are considered, especially in the pulp and paper industry, which occupies a significant share in the economy of the region. Based on statistical data and correlation analysis, the types of environmental and economic dynamics are identified, which allows us to formulate recommendations for the implementation of circular principles and improvement of the environmental situation. The main attention is paid to the need to attract investment in environmentally friendly technologies and innovative processing methods to increase the competitiveness of the industry and reduce the negative impact on the environment.
Conceptual basis for organizing the decommissioning a nuclear power plant based on a reactor unit
Authors: Kuznetsov Vladimir , Spiridonov Valery , Derevyashkin Igor , Bukreeva Tatiana , Chebotareva Ksenia , Shinkareva Olga
Published: February 2025

Small nuclear power plants are the most promising and effective solution for the economic and social development of hard-to-reach regions both in Russia and abroad. The SNPP is one of the main directions of nuclear power development in Russia. Practice shows that the operating organization is usually not ready for the decommissioning process. It is necessary to prepare for the decommissioning of a nuclear power facility in advance. In large nuclear power engineering, nine power units of nuclear power plants are already waiting to be decommissioned; practically no real work has been carried out since 1977. The lack of funds, technologies, radioactive substance storage facilities, spent nuclear fuel processing technologies and specialists in the field of decommissioning impose a restraining imprint on the decommissioning process. It necessitates preparing for the final stage of the existence of nuclear power facilities. The paper presents the concept of decommissioning of small nuclear power plants with RITM-200N reactors developed by the authors.
Use of melon seed flour in the production of confectionery cake
Authors: Mihailova Svetlana , Mihailov Egor
Published: February 2025

It is reasonable to use secondary resources as a promising source of plant raw materials for creation of food products containing physiologically functional ingredients. Melon seeds obtained from industrial processing of fruits are the least studied. Oil seeds of melon crops such as pumpkin, watermelon and melon are valuable raw materials for producing and expanding the range of delicacy vegetable oils and high protein oilcakes that can be used in the form of flour. The seed kernel contains protein, the amino acid composition of which is unique. Its inclusion in food products makes it possible to compensate for the lack of vitamins, minerals and amino acids in the human body. This development is aimed at expanding the range of flour confectionery product - cake, using in its recipe the product of processing of secondary raw materials - melon seed flour. The article presents the product recipe, studies its chemical composition, biological and energy value, and substantiates the feasibility of using secondary raw materials. The ball and organoleptic techniques were used to evaluate the quality of the obtained product.
Approbation of the cookie recipe with the addition of ingredients that increase nutritional value
Authors: Pyanikova Elvira , Kovaleva Anna , Evdokimova Oxana , Pavlova Anna , Pavlova Ekaterina
Published: February 2025

Replacing part of the wheat with flour from black cumin seeds, the introduction of freshly frozen apple pomace instead of sugar allows you to get cookies enriched with dietary fiber, vitamins E and C and a number of nutrients. The introduction of these components into the formulation affects the production technology: first, a mixture of bulk ingredients is prepared, then thawed apple pomace is introduced and then table margarine. Kneading lasts 5-7 minutes. at room temperature with a rotation speed of 40- 60 rpm. The duration of baking cookies, in comparison with the control sample, increased by 2 times and amounted to 13-15 minutes at a temperature of 240°C. To obtain a finished product with high quality indicators, it is optimal to add black cumin flour in an amount of 7.4% and starch (in sample No. 2) in an amount of 7.4% of the total weight of all ingredients. The use of freshly frozen apple pomace in the formulation made it possible to obtain a product with a pleasant light taste, smell and color of apple raw materials. The optimal shelf life for cookie samples is no more than 30 days.
Use of chia seed products in non-ripening soft cheeses
Authors: Belyaev Alexey , Shvets Olga , Belyaeva Irina
Published: February 2025

This study explores the incorporation of chia seed flour as an enrichment additive in the production of non-ripening soft cheeses and evaluates its impact on key quality parameters. Non-ripening soft cheese samples were formulated with varying concentrations of chia seed flour: 0% (control), 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%, corresponding to 0, 5, 10, and 15 grams of chia seed flour per litre of milk, respectively. The samples were assessed for physical and chemical properties, including fat content in dry matter, moisture content, sodium chloride content, pH, ash content, total solids, and iron content. Among the experimental groups, the 0.5% chia seed flour sample exhibited the most favourable quality outcomes, suggesting its potential as an optimal enrichment level for enhancing non-ripening soft cheeses.
Prospects for the application of intelligent automation in the pulp and paper industry
Authors: Gorobchenko Stanislav , Kovalev Dmitriy , Voinash Sergey , Zagidullin Ramil , Khafizov Ildar , Parfenopulo Georgy , Meshkov Sergey
Published: February 2025

The issues of using intelligent automation tools in the pulp and paper industry are considered. It is shown that the level of use of intelligent automation tools still remains insignificant. Promising directions for the implementation of intelligent automation tools in pulp and paper production have been identified. Areas where it is possible to obtain the most significant technical and economic effects from the introduction of intelligent automation tools have been identified. The main types of technical automation equipment that can be used to equip automated control systems in process control systems of the pulp and paper industry are demonstrated.
Digitalization of agriculture in Africa
Authors: Parkhomchuk Marina A. , Kuzmina Violetta M. , Shinkareva Olga I. , Chebotareva Ksenia A. , Zelenina Angelina A.
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the state of digital technologies in African food systems, highlighting the implementation status of several digital agriculture pilot programmes, with limited data on actual scaling and the extent to which they are managed by governments. It examines the challenges of implementing digital technologies in African agriculture, including the digital divide, data privacy and security, lack of private sector participation, capacity constraints and the need for regulatory change. It provides recommendations for further implementation of digital technologies to help make food systems more productive, sustainable and inclusive. Recommendations are made for further adoption of digital technologies to improve the productivity, sustainability, and inclusiveness of food systems.
Food sharing as an innovative approach to reducing food losses
Authors: Dzhancharova Gulnara , Fedotova Giliyn , Larionova Irina , Kapustina Yuliy , Dzhancharov Turmushbek
Published: February 2025

The problem of accumulation and utilization of food waste is growing with the growth of the population’s wealth and high level of consumer behavior. Expansion of the range of manufactured products, primarily products with a short shelf life, which is partially spent on transportation, storage and actually leaves no possibility of its preservation for end consumers. Food losses are observed not only in retail and food outlets, but at all stages of production. Therefore, it is necessary to keep track of them and look for ways to reduce them. Food sharing acts as a new, innovative way to reduce food losses and reduce environmental damage from the growth of food waste consumption. Foreign experience of implementing food sharing projects has shown their effectiveness and contribution to sustainable development of society.
Shapes of contact curves of squeezing rolls
Authors: Khurramov Shavkat , Khalturaev Farkhod , Kurbanova Feruza , Saliyev Abdumajit
Published: February 2025

Mathematical models of the shape of the contact curves of the squeezing rolls are obtained. Based on the analysis of the phenomenon of interaction and filtration of moisture in the squeezing module, calculation formulas are obtained for determining the ratio of the deformation rates of the contacting bodies. It is revealed that with an increase in the thickness of the material, the ratio of the deformation rates during compression increases. It is established that an increase in the thickness of the roll coating leads to an increase in the ratio of the deformation rates during compression.
Analysis of thermal parameters of the enclosing structure the object of low-rise housing construction
Authors: Soboleva Anastasia , Dolmatov Sergey , Orekhovskaya Alexandra , Loparev Dmitry , Lopareva Svetlana , Yumagulova Venera , Nurullin Aidar
Published: February 2025

The paper considers the enclosing structures of an individual housing construction object made of wood-mineral composite, brick and polystyrene concrete. The purpose of the study is to identify the thermal parameters of the wall. According to the results of calculations by the Elcut software package, the heat flow at the brick wall was 70.12 W/m2, from wood-mineral composite 64.777 W/m2 and polystyrene concrete 23.58 W/m2. An enlarged calculation of the costs required for the construction of the walls of a housing construction facility with an area of 100 m2 was carried out. And calculation of heating costs, depending on the magnitude of the heat flow of the structure. It is established that per day the cost of heating an object where walls made of wood-mineral composite will amount to 24.5 rubles, brick 26.33 rubles, and polystyrene concrete 8.9 rubles. The cost of wall construction amounted to 606, 736 and 1206 thousand rubles for walls made of wood-mineral composite, polystyrene concrete and brick. Thus, brick walls turned out to be the most expensive and least heat- efficient. It was revealed that the most effective of the considered building materials for low-rise housing construction in regions with a cold climate is polystyrene concrete.
Ensuring environmental safety of the filtration, drying, and roasting installation at a mining and metallurgical enterprise
Authors: Kulmurodova Nafisa , Kovalev Igor , Kadirov Yorkin , Kulmurodov Zarifjon , Borovinsky Dmitry , Kovalev Dmitry
Published: February 2025

This article addresses the issues of ensuring environmental safety of the filtration, drying, and roasting installation at a mining and metallurgical enterprise. It examines the characteristics of flotation enrichment processes and their impact on the environment. The main sources of harmful effects are described, including gas and dust emissions, waste rock dumps, tailings ponds, and industrial wastewater. Methods for wastewater treatment and dust and gas emissions purification are presented. The project of a pilot industrial plant at a hydrometallurgical plant is analyzed, including dust and gas cleaning technology, waste generation, and water consumption. The environmental safety of the designed facility is assessed.