bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Film and the Digital
Authors: Stoneman Rod
Published: August 2019

RECYCLED ELECTRONS: FILM AND THE DIGITAL I - Algebra in CorkTo begin with a digression from digital history, which is a short history - the prehistory to the development of the digital world that we now inhabit is rarely in focus. It was a 19th century Irish mathematician, George Boole, who created a novel mathematical logic, describing a new algebra which sketched the structure of choice and created a paradigm for human, and now electronic, decision making. He wrote The Mathematical Analysis of Logic in 1847 and The Investigation of the Laws of Thought in 1854. He lived, thought and is buried in Cork. His work showed chains of information and choice categorised into the two logic states of true or false: "Shall I go out and not stay in? Is it raining or has it stopped? If I go out and it's raining should I wear this...
Murnau's Nosferatu
Authors: Merino Julio Ángel Olivares
Published: August 2019

MURNAU'S NOSFERATU: TAMING FLAMES, PITCH BLACK, SLEEPWALKING SERPENTS AND THE WORDS OF ICE THAT CAME FROM WITHIN 1. Ambiguous "Givens" and Texture: The Trace Within Ageless, summoned and raised each nightfall by the beating thirst echoing the eternal search for blood, Count Dracula, the old tyrant, stands at the edge of insanity, at the threshold of his forgotten land, with vigilant eyes staring at the forest, expecting the coming of the messiah of forgiveness and joy. Beyond the veils of reason and the landscapes of logic, as a tradition and symbol of a time gone, of the forlorn black gem buried in the vaults of remembrance, he, the mannequin of shadows, murmurs the silence of trauma. In Murnau's morality play, the vampire's lust for blood is simply a preying of the revulsed grotesque and repressed violence upon innocence and blissful modesty. The story deals, in essence, with the...
Travelling to the Margins of Europe
Authors: Mazierska Ewa
Published: August 2019

The problem for Europe is to learn how to marginalise itself. (Ien Ang)  CRITICS AND FILMMAKERS alike in recent years drew attention to the crisis experienced by national cinemas in European countries. The UK-based scholar Dimitris Eleftheriotis writes: This crisis is evident on many levels, from the critical-theoretical to the economic. Indeed the very term 'national cinema' is riddled with conceptual contradictions, and its theoretical, pedagogic and practical usefulness has been repeatedly challenged in recent years. But perhaps more relevant is the realization that shrinking domestic markets have become in most cases inadequate for the financial survival of national films. As a result more and more filmmakers have to rely on state or European funding (and in many cases both) for their productions. This in turn brings into play the contradictions in national and European policy ... and raises dilemmas of criteria and priorities: for example, is funding...
Budapest 2001
Authors: Holloway Ron
Published: August 2019

HUNGARIAN FILM WEEK BUDAPEST Awarded both the Main Prize of the Hungarian Jury and the Gene Moskowitz Critics Prize at the 32nd Hungarian Film Week (1-6 February 2001), Béla Tarr's Werckmeister Harmoniak (The Werckmeister Harmonies) crowned the Budapest festival with one of the finest European films produced in 2000. The two-and-a-half-hour screen adaptation of Laszlo Krasznahorkai's novel The Melancholy of Resistance (published in 1989) was four years in the making (1996-2000) and could be brought to completion only with coproduction assistance of visionary Berlin producer Joachim von Vietinghoff. And who else but Béla Tarr, Hungary's leading avant-garde filmmaker, would spend three years (1991-94) bringing another Krasznahorkai novel, Satantango (published in 1985), to the screen in an hypnotic seven-and-a-half-hour tour-de-force? Queried at Cannes 2000, where The Werckmeister Harmonies premiered at the Directors Fortnight, why his fascination for Laszlo Krasznahorkai's literary oeuvre, Béla Tarr simply answered: "We complement each other." Together...
Singapore Cinema in Search of Identity
Authors: Ng Yvonne
Published: August 2019

IT HAS BEEN TEN YEARS SINCE FILM PRODUCTION IN SINGAPORE WAS REVIVED IN 1991 after being dormant for almost two decades. At the time, in the 70s and 80s, the city-state was probably the only country in Southeast Asia without a film-making industry of its own. Then again, it hadn't been an independent republic for very long. A former British colony, it became self-governing in 1959. Following a short-lived association with the Federation of Malaysia, the city found itself a fully independent and sovereign nation in 1965. For the next twenty years, the government devoted itself to the task of nation-building and the challenge of changing the island's status from a developing country to that of a newly industrialised one. By the start of the 90s, it was clear that the goal of economic prosperity had been achieved. At the same time, it was equally obvious that in...
The Existential Framework of Zentropa's Narrative
Authors: Giralt Gabriel
Published: August 2019

THE EXISTENTIAL FRAMEWORK OF ZENTROPA'S NARRATIVE: A CLASH OF TWO NATIONAL IDENTITIES "... The difference between what you should be and what you are is something that means quite a lot to me. That's why idealism, or the idealist, interest me as much as they do".Lars Von Trier. (Tranceformer: A Portrait of Lars Von Trier) Lars Von Trier is considered by some film critics to be Denmark's most gifted director since Carl T. Dreyer. His highly technical and innovative style have brought him international recognition at prominent film festivals, including the most prestigious prize Palme d'Or at Cannes, which he received recently for his work Dancer in the Dark (2000). His innovative approach to narrative film is made manifest in his co-authoring and co-founding of "Dogma 95" a group intent on reforming mainstream aesthetics in order to return to a perceived lost authenticity in cinema.(1) This reform...
Bangkok 2000
Authors: Toh Hai Leong
Published: August 2019

THE 3rd EDITION OF THE BANGKOK FILM FESTIVAL (BKKFF) took off with 60 feature films and some amazing shorts (local and international) from the 21st to 30th September 2000, now an important cultural event for film lovers. The official trailer shows a roll of 35mm celluloid being stir-fried, eaten and finally defecated with the one-liner "food for film lovers." Unconventional and a little bizarre, this is what the BKKFF is all about -- a well-chosen, eclectic assortment of mostly independently- made films, from countries such as Iran and South Korea to Canada and America, and as many others. The festival programme included the "Golden Elephant Competition Film Section", "International Feature Films Around the World", "Three Best Video Shorts", "Best 35mm Shorts", "Directors in Focus" featuring up-and-coming American independent filmmakers such as Andrew Shea and Matthew Harrison, and Hong Kong's celebrated veteran director Manshih Yonfan with his best "alternative lifestyle"...
Bratislava 2000
Authors: Holloway Ron
Published: August 2019

2nd BRATISLAVA INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL 2000 For, beyond the shadow of a doubt, the 2nd Bratislava International Film Festival (1-9 December 2000), under Vladimir Krajniak (director) and Peter Nagel (programmer), is one of the most exciting on the European scene. With 123 films programmed in eight sections at six venues (89 more than in 1999), with a strong international competition of 19 feature films, with a showcase spotlighting "V4" countries (namely, the "Visegrad Four": Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic), with retrospective tributes to Mika Kaurismäki and Philippine Cinema, with Italy's Stefania Sandrelli and South Africa's Ian Kerkhof among the guests, with a 205-page catalogue and a festival daily, BIFF 2000 easily doubled last year's attendance midway through the festival and wrapped comfortably with over 40,000 visitors. For that matter, Slovak cinema is on the rebound too. Following the downfall in 1998 of nationalist prime minster Vladimír Mečiar,...
Mannheim-Heidelberg 2000
Authors: Holloway Ron
Published: August 2019

49th INTERNATIONALES FILMFESTIVAL MANNHEIM-HEIDELBERG To  my knowledge, an oddity like this has never happened before -- even Michael Kötz, director of the 49th Mannheim-Heidelberg International Film Festival (9-18 November 2000), thought it "one for the books." For not only did the Ecumenical Jury and the FIPRESCI (International Critics) Jury bestow their awards on David Ondíek's Samotáři (Loners, Czech Republic), but they also cited the same short film, David Lansmann's Les Chaussettes sales (Dirty Socks, France), for a special mention. Obviously, the juries shared a mutual fascination for the narrative style and visual structure, honed to perfection, in Loners. Herewith the Ecumenical Jury's citation: "With convincing acting portraits the director sketches a tragicomedy imbued with absurd humour of the life-style of young people in Prague that focuses on the loss of value and perspectives balanced by the search for new orientation." The FIPRESCI Jury praised the filmmakers "for putting together...
Sochi 2001
Authors: Holloway Ron
Published: August 2019

11th SOCHI OPEN RUSSIAN FILM FESTIVAL - "KINOTAUR"and 7th SOCHI INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL - "KINOTAUR"   If you happen to be among the uninitiated, then "Kinotaur" (read: "Cinema Taurus") on the calendar of world events stands for a film festival duet running parallel to each other in the subtropical Russian resort city of Sochi on the Black Sea. This year, the 11th Open Russian Film Festival (1-14 June 2000) was already running for a week when it linked with the 7th International Film Festival (7-17 June 2000). Back to back, they score as eminently attractive events on the festival calendar. Where else can film scholars easily make the acquaintance of fifty or more Russian filmmakers, among them some quite distinguished names who had contributed significantly to the Soviet art film of the past? Moreover, the retrospectives spotlighted St. Petersburg's Konstantin Lopushansky, Lenfilm's Vladimir Vengerov and Mikhail Schweizer, and Directors' Debuts...
20th Fajr International Film Festival
Authors: Dönmez-Colin Gönül
Published: August 2019

Attending Tehran's Fajr Film Festival for the first time, particularly if this is a first visit to Iran is a source of excitement (and anxiety) even for a seasoned festival-goer and foreign traveller. Excited to know more about the film industry of a country that is on the map of every festival, anxious about the visa and the hejab, the head scarf which is obligatory for all women including foreigners, I arrived after midnight at the Tehran airport to a most warm welcome. This friendly but at the same time very professional atmosphere would continue throughout my stay.The festival celebrated its twentieth anniversary (February 1-11, 2002) with sections such as the International Competition (The Son's Room, Brother, Beijing Bicycle, No Man's Land, Slogans, The Pledge to name a few films); Festival of Festivals (Traffic, The Skulls, Donnie Brasco); Special screenings (Stanley Kubrick: A Life in Pictures, Apocalypse Now, Polish Gems);...
Istanbul 2002
Authors: Dönmez-Colin Gönül
Published: August 2019

THE 21st INTERNATIONAL ISTANBUL FILM FESTIVAL took place on 13-28 April 2002 and presented twelve films in the international competition with an overriding theme of the world of the art and the artist. From France, Ma femme est une actrice (My Wife is an Actress) by Yvan Attal explored the dilemmas of a sports writer whose wife was a famous actress. An actor in real life and married to a famous actress, Charlotte Gainsbourg (the daughter of actress /singer Jane Birkin and Serge Gainsbourg, the enfant terrible of the seventies music scene), Attal drew inspiration from his own experiences in this warm comedy about the fragile male ego. The fact that Charlotte played the leading role added a certain dimension of cinema verite to the film. From China, Zuotian (Quitting), the third feature of Zhang Yang (Shower, 1999) was a sensitive rendition of the harrowing experience of the late...
Moscow 2002
Authors: Holloway Ron
Published: August 2019

MOSCOW INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL 2002 Some highly plausible reasons were given by the organizers of the 24th Moscow International Film Festival (21-30 June 2002) for scaling down the budget to approximately half of last year's 3 million rubles (circa $1 million as fluctuating exchange rates go). According to one insider, the budget remained the same as before, but some outstanding debts from previous years had not yet been paid off. Also, since a blowout festival is planned for the 25th anniversary in 2003, the 24th outing was stylized as a modest showcase of better things to come. Nikita Mikhalkov, MIFF's president, opened and closed the festival in Gorky Park, on the very spot where he has regularly expressed hopes to erect a festival headquarters of appropriate representative proportions in the near future. Hollywood VIPs -- Bob Rafelson, Harvey Keitel, Holly Hunter, among others -- were invited to breakfast with...
Conversations with Gerald Pratley (3)
Authors: King Allan
Published: August 2019

FIVE FILMMAKERS IN CONVERSATION WITH GERALD PRATLEY (Part 3) The NFB's 60th Anniversary has been celebrated leaving behind little of its contemporary production to raise the spirits and create enthusiasm among the Board's many long-time admirers and supporters. Founded in 1939 by the accomplished John Grierson, it has now, like its crown sister, The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), drifted far from where it was once anchored and away from what it was as a public service, lost on a sea of indifference and mediocrity. Kinema asked four filmmakers long associated with the NFB, documentary film, and CBC, to look back over what has been taking place during past years leading to today's disappointing and empty era. They are Gerald Graham, Grant McLean, Terence Macartney-Filgate, Donald Haig and Allan King. They talked to our associate editor and film historian, Gerald Pratley. In this issue, we publish the last of the...
Diversidad y educación especial
Authors: Marín Cabrera Maritza
Published: August 2019

Este artículo sobre diversidad y educación especial, hace referencia a la importancia del respeto por la igualdad de oportunidades, los valores y actitudes en el ámbito educativo. Si bien es cierto, esta ha ido modificándose a lo largo de los años, aún queda mucho por mejorar, para llegar a que las escuelas sean inclusivas. Para que sea una realidad, debemos trabajar activamente.

Se toma en particular la participación de la persona con Síndrome de Down integrados al Sistema Educativo Regular, quien con su esfuerzo e ilusiones participa de diversos programas de integración, y se convierte en ejemplo de tenacidad. A raíz del estudio, se visitaron varios centros de integración escolar en la etapa de preescolar y se percibieron necesidades de atención para la población en general. El artículo presenta varias estrategias metodológicas, con el fin de obtener un aprendizaje significativo y funcional, respetando la diversidad estudiantil. Por lo tanto, es un artículo de utilidad para las y los docentes, en especial, aquellos que laboran en la etapa de preescolar.
Una propuesta educativa para atender la diversidad en el contexto de aula
Authors: Agüero Agüero Rosario
Published: August 2019

En la actualidad, los centros educativos tienen el gran reto de brindar a sus estudiantes una educación de calidad y principalmente una educación para todos. El artículo tiene la finalidad de promover el respeto por las diferencias individuales y el de atender la diversidad en los contextos escolares. El proceso diagnóstico realizado en la “Escuela Mixta San Juan” determinó que las y los estudiantes muestran actitudes de rechazo e irrespeto hacia las diferencias individuales vistas desde cualquier aspecto.

Se consultaron autores principalmente a Meléndez (2002), Parcerisa (2000), Olivé (1999) y Aguilar (2000), quienes brindan algunos lineamientos y consideraciones a utilizar en un centro educativo que busque atender la diversidad estudiantil. Los mismos autores coinciden en que es necesario un cambio de actitud y una serie de reformas en los diferentes ámbitos sociales, para que el proceso de atención a la diversidad se dé en forma idónea e integral. Como respuesta a dicha situación, se plantea una propuesta educativa para atender la diversidad en el contexto de aula, por medio de la aplicación de una serie de talleres, que utilizan actividades didácticas participativas, y favorecen el trabajo cooperativo y la construcción propia y colectiva del conocimiento.

La propuesta responde a un enfoque socio-constructivista e inclusivo pues, intenta adaptarse a las demandas de las y los estudiantes y del contexto. Se abordarán los más relevantes ámbitos y aspectos que contempla la diversidad, tomando en cuenta aspectos endógenos y exógenos del individuo. Se espera con esta propuesta que las y los estudiantes manifiestan actitudes de respeto hacia la diversidad, respondan a sus necesidades educativas, las de sus compañeros y compañeras y finalmente, que posean una actitud abierta, flexible, crítica hacia sí mismo y su entorno.

Por lo tanto, la formación de las futuras generaciones debe contemplar esta serie de habilidades y destrezas, para que visualicen este mundo como una ventana abierta a la superación individual y colectiva.
La teoría de las inteligencias múltiples en la práctica docente en educación preescolar
Authors: Lizano Paniagua Karina , Umaña Vega Mónica
Published: August 2019

Recibido 18 de noviembre 2005 • Aprobado 21 de setiembre 2006

 

Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación de una propuesta curricular basada en la Teoría de las inteligencias múltiples en la práctica educativa en Educación Preescolar; y surgió como producto del trabajo de investigación realizado para optar por el grado de Licenciatura.
Breve reseña histórica de la evolución y el desarrollo del derecho a la educación
Authors: Torres Victoria Nancy
Published: August 2019

Recibido de 12 febrero 2007 • Aceptado 18 de abril 2007

 

 

El presente artículo procura ilustrar la ruta que ha seguido la concepción del derecho a la educación y la interpretación que de él se ha hecho en diferentes etapas. En cada una de ellas, los estudiosos del tema han categorizado este derecho desde su origen hasta ubicarlo en un lugar fundamental para servir como puerta de entrada al goce de una ciudadanía social plena, consciente y garante de otros muchos derechos que de él se derivan.
"La lagartija de la panza blanca" de Yolanda Oreamuno: una lectura desde la voz narrativa
Authors: Caamaño Virginia
Published: August 2019

Recibido 02 de mayo 2007 • Aprobado 07 de agosto 2007

 

En el presente artículo se establece un diálogo entre el cuento de Yolanda Oreamuno y tres de sus ensayos, con el fin de señalar la coherencia de la propuesta ética y estética de la autora costarricense.
Una reflexión necesaria: posibilidad de la construcción de un modelo pedagógico en la educación superior
Authors: Castillo Cedeño Ileana , Flores Davis Luz Emilia , Jiménez Corrales Rafael Esteban , Perearnau Torras Mariángeles
Published: August 2019

Recibido 15 de mayo 2007 • Aprobado 19 de junio 2007

 

 

Consideraciones en torno a la pertinencia de establecer un modelo pedagógico en una institución de educación superior universitaria, así como los aspectos que deben caracterizarlo, con el propósito de orientar los procesos educativos hacia nuevas perspectivas críticas. Lo anterior con fundamento en los resultados de una investigación llevada a cabo por un equipo académico de la Universidad Nacional.
Centro de Aprendizaje Tumul K'in: experiencia Educativa Formal. Belice
Authors: Rubén Requena Oscar
Published: August 2019

Recibido 30 de noviembre de 2006 • Aprobado 27 de febrero de 2007

 

El presente articulo surge de la ponencia que refería al Centro de Aprendizaje Tumul K'in. En este centro, se desarrolla un programa para la juventud rural y, en especial, para la juventud desvalida maya que no ha tenido acceso a una educación secundaria y no ha continuado en la escuela convencional.
Prenatal Opioid Exposure: Neurodevelopmental Consequences and Future Research Priorities
Authors: Conradt Elisabeth , Flannery Tess , Aschner Judy L. , Annett Robert D. , Croen Lisa A. , Duarte Cristiane S. , Friedman Alexander M. , Guille Constance , Hedderson Monique M. , Hofheimer Julie A. , Jones Miranda R. , Ladd-Acosta Christine , McGrath Monica , Moreland Angela , Neiderhiser Jenae M. , Nguyen Ruby H.N. , Posner Jonathan , Ross Judith L. , Savitz David A. , Ondersma Steven J. , Lester Barry M.
Published: August 2019

Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) has risen in prevalence from 1.2 per 1000 births in 2000 to 5.8 per 1000 births in 2012. Symptoms in neonates may include high-pitched cry, tremors, feeding difficulty, hypertonia, watery stools, and breathing problems. However, little is known about the neurodevelopmental consequences of prenatal opioid exposure in infancy, early childhood, and middle childhood. Even less is known about the cognitive, behavioral, and academic outcomes of children who develop NOWS. We review the state of the literature on the neurodevelopmental consequences of prenatal opioid exposure with a particular focus on studies in which NOWS outcomes were examined. Aiming to reduce the incidence of prenatal opioid exposure in the near future, we highlight the need for large studies with prospectively recruited participants and longitudinal designs, taking into account confounding factors such as socioeconomic status, institutional variations in care, and maternal use of other substances, to independently assess the full impact of NOWS. As a more immediate solution, we provide an agenda for future research that leverages the National Institutes of Health Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes program to address many of the serious methodologic gaps in the literature, and we answer key questions regarding the short- and long-term neurodevelopmental health of children with prenatal opioid exposure.
The forgotten habitats in conservation: early successional vegetation
Authors: Sandoval Luis , Morales Carlos-O. , Ramírez-Fernández José-D. , Hanson Paul , Murillo-Hiller Luis-Ricardo , Barrantes Gilbert
Published: August 2019

Conservation efforts in  terrestrial environments have focused on preserving patches of natural habitats and restoring disturbed habitats, with the main goal of transforming them into forests or habitats that resemble the original conditions. This approach tends to overlook the importance of conserving early successional vegetation (e.g., riverside vegetation, natural regeneration, young secondary forests), which often includes a large number of species (e.g., plants and animals) associated with or restricted to these habitats. In this paper we want to bring to attention the importance of preserving early successional vegetation, and to encourage scientists to investigate, e.g., the diversity, distribution, and species interactions occurring in these habitats. To address these goals, we focus on two main objectives: (1) to identify the common types of early successional vegetation in the Costa Rican Central Valley; and (2) to use some case studies to draw attention to the importance that such areas have as reservoirs of a large portion of the diversity unique to early successional stages. We first include an example to show the diversity of plants in small forest patches immersed in a large urbanized area. We provide general information on the insects that occur in early successional vegetation in urban areas, and in further detail examples of butterflies. Additionally, we provide examples of birds and mammals that are restricted to early successional vegetation, and how the reduction of this vegetation type affects species conservation. Finally, we encourage scientists to investigate these early successional habitats, particularly those species exclusive to early successional stages. Special attention should be paid to endemic species and those with a restricted distribution. Information of this type will make conservation of the diversity contained in these habitats possible.
Changes in nesting sites abundance and their use by woodpeckers along an urban gradient: a ten-year comparison
Authors: Protti-Sánchez Francesca , Sandoval Luis
Published: August 2019

Woodpeckers nesting substrate abundance may be reduced by urban expansion, negatively affecting their reproduction. Long-term studies in the tropics are rare but valuable to estimate how urban development has affected ecological communities. We present a ten-year comparison on nesting substrate abundance and their use by Melanerpes rubricapillus and M. chrysauchen woodpeckers along an urban gradient in Golfito, Costa Rica; which include three habitats and three substrates (snags, palms, and posts). Conditions remained unchanged in non-urban areas. In semi-urban areas, snag, posts, and nests on them, have decreased. In urban areas, despite snags and posts remaining constant, their use also decreased. In semi-urban and urban areas, palms and palm nests increased. This long term comparison indicates that woodpeckers took advantage of the increased presence of ornamental palms in gardens.
TRANSINDIVIDUALITY AND POST-LABOR BASED ON SIMONDON AND STIEGLER
Authors: Kim Jae-Hee
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT This article aims to elucidate a philosophical foundation of a post-labor paradigm through the transindividual technical-psychic-collective culture based on Gilbert Simondon and Bernard Stiegler. Simondon predicts that the problem of the alienation of labor due to mechanical industrialization can be overcome through the spread of post-industrial technical culture based on both technical mentality and information technology (IT). In contrast, Stiegler claims that, along with information networks, hyper-industrialization rather than post-industrialization has arrived and that, in order to recover human values in a machine empire devoid of caring, the strengthening of the ability for non-automation based on automaticity is necessary. However, Simondon’s technical culture beyond labor implies a posthumanistic vision in that it assumes the capacity of technology to mediate between the preindividual and the transindividual beyond technical instrumentalism, which is anthropocentric, and opens up transductive relationships among humans and non-humans. I will argue that Stiegler’s urgent proposal that seeks to save human life from the control of a techno-capital system, such as the reinvention of work transcending employment, must be concretized within the Simondonian posthumanistic project.
ASSERTION AND ASSESSMENT SENSITIVITY
Authors: Gariazzo Matías
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Gareth Evans (1985) and Sven Rosenkranz (2008) have respectively formulated two objections to truth relativism that would show that this view does not cohere with our practice of asserting. I argue that the relativist should answer such objections by appealing to the notion of assessment sensitivity. Since the relativist accounts for this notion by means of a technical truth predicate relating propositions to contexts of assessment, the task left to her turns out to be to make sense of assessment sensitivity by making sense of this predicate (i.e. by showing that it expresses a truth notion).
CRACK COCAINE USE SCENE IN THE CAPITAL OF THE STATE OF SANTA CATARINA/BRAZIL: THE (IN)VISIBILITY OF USERS
Authors: Zeferino Maria Terezinha , Fermo Vivian Costa , Fialho Marcelo Brandt , Kenthi Akwatu , Bastos Francisco Inácio
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the characteristics of the crack cocaine use scene, its surroundings and consequences. Method: this study was based on the Time-location Sampling methodology. Between January and June 2011, 41 crack use scenes were mapped in Florianópolis (Brazil). After randomly selecting the scenes to be observed, the days and shifts for in-depth observation were selected by lottery, for a total of 98 scenes/shifts, this atep was performed between December 2011 and March 2012. The observations were recorded in a field diary, and were examined using content analysis and discussed based on the Brazilian and international literature on the topic. Results: the results show that crack cocaine use scenes were more concentrated in the central regions of Florianópolis. Policing was very ostensive in the communities surrounding these areas, which are strongly marked by drug trafficking. Healthcare, prevention and authority actions were incipient in the locations of substance use, which shows the invisibility of crack users in society. Conclusions: more investments are needed so that public policies work to help drug users access social and healthcare services.
Acumulação fictícia, especulação e instabilidade financeira. Parte I: uma reflexão sobre a financeirização a partir de Marx, Keynes e Minsky*
Authors: Carneiro Ricardo
Published: August 2019

Resumo Este texto, tem como objetivo essencial, entender os principais traços da financeirização, à luz da contribuição de autores clássicos como Marx, Keynes e Minsky, dos quais se enfatiza algumas categorias analíticas, distintas, mas similares. Ao fazer isto, busca investigar como esses autores estabeleceram os fundamentos para o tratamento do tema, para a partir daí analisar as contribuições contemporâneas, abordadas em ensaio ulterior. Adota como perspectiva que o essencial é distinguir o conteúdo da forma, ou seja, o avanço geral do capital financeiro como etapa superior e desregulada do capitalismo, das formas concretas e históricas que este assume. No plano mais geral e abstrato, a financeirização representa a retomada e o aprofundamento da lógica patrimonial, fictícia ou especulativa de valorização do capital. Distingue-se da morfologia, que diz respeito aos agentes e mercados principais envolvidos nesse processo, e às suas relações.
A crise contemporânea do capitalismo: reflexões a partir de um debate com as abordagens sistêmicas de Arrighi, Fiori e Wallerstein
Authors: Feldmann Daniel
Published: August 2019

Resumo O artigo pretende trazer elementos relevantes para a apreensão do capitalismo contemporâneo, partindo da hipótese de que ele está sujeito a uma crise estrutural. Para tanto, o enfoque adotado atribui especial importância para a lógica de imposição do capital e seus dispositivos fetichistas que subordinam os diferentes países aos imperativos do processo de valorização capitalista. Tal enfoque é desenvolvido no bojo de um debate com as abordagens sistêmicas de Arrighi, Fiori e Wallerstein. Por articularem conjuntamente as esferas econômica, política e social do capitalismo, sugere-se que, tanto na exposição como também nas críticas cabíveis a tais abordagens, é possível trazer à tona questões importantes para o entendimento das transformações recentes.
Ecological macroeconomics: a methodological review
Authors: Saes Beatriz Macchione , Romeiro Ademar Ribeiro
Published: August 2019

Abstract The paper aims to analyse and provide an overview of the emerging ecological macroeconomic approach from a methodological point of view. As with ecological economics, this emerging approach is being constituted by a methodologically plural set of studies. We identify and classify three main macroeconomic strands developed from ecological economic concerns. Firstly, we present the conventional macroeconomic IS-LM model adapted to a sustainable scale of production. Secondly, we discuss a fundamentalist post-Keynesian view on ecological economics that criticises the use of models more heavily. Finally, we describe the attempts to build ecological macroeconomic models based on the post-Keynesian approach. For each model, theories, methods, and assumptions are discussed and evaluated in light of ecological economic foundations. We conclude by reinforcing the role of methodological criticism in the consolidation of relevant ecological macroeconomics.
Ação estatal, negócios e migração inter-regional no Brasil (1935-1951) *
Authors: Tessari Cláudia Alessandra , Costa Julio Cesar Zorzenon
Published: August 2019

Resumo Este trabalho aborda o aparato econômico e os negócios vinculados à migração no Brasil entre 1935 e 1951. Nesse período, a crise do capitalismo primário-exportador no Brasil e a emergência de um novo padrão de acumulação centrado na industrialização e no mercado interno, implicaram mudanças nas dinâmicas populacionais, que passaram a ter no trabalhador brasileiro migrante inter-regional o elemento numericamente majoritário nos fluxos migratórios, em substituição ao imigrante estrangeiro, até então predominante. O artigo tratará das transformações da política de deslocamento populacional (em especial, a centralização no governo central da política de mão de obra e a reintrodução dos subsídios à migração para o Estado de São Paulo), enfocando os negócios envolvidos no processo migratório intra-estadual no Brasil, procurando mostrar como o Estado foi elemento chave para favorecer a continuidade dos interesses ligados à oferta de mão de obra, como também para favorecer a internalização dos lucros nessa atividade econômica.
Um plano nacional de capacitação financeira: o caso brasileiro *
Authors: Pereira Fernando , Cavalcante Anderson , Crocco Marco
Published: August 2019

Resumo Este artigo discute formatos desejáveis para um plano nacional de capacitação financeira, a partir da experiência brasileira. As propostas convencionais usualmente dão excessiva importância à educação financeira, sob justificativa de que a transferência de conhecimento e informação é a melhor forma de promover alfabetização, capacitação e bem-estar financeiro. A análise crítica desta proposta mostra, porém, que ela é inadequada, pois: i) é imperativo incluir o ambiente em que as decisões financeiras são tomadas e; ii) a qualificação financeira não pode se dar prioritariamente via transferência de conhecimento, mas pelo aconselhamento financeiro provido por especialistas independentes.
The Relationship Between Social Skills and Psychosocial Adjustment Among Those who Care for Older Adults
Authors: Queluz Francine Náthalie Ferraresi Rodrigues , Barham Elizabeth Joan , Prette Zilda Aparecida Pereira Del
Published: August 2019

Abstract Many caregivers of older adults report distressing interpersonal difficulties. Training in social skills could be a valid strategy for helping these people. In this study, evidence was examined concerning the relationship between the social skills repertoire of caregivers of older adults and indicators of their psychosocial adjustment. Based on a literature review in seven databases, using search terms in Portuguese, English and Spanish, 11 articles on this relationship were found, published by November, 2016. It was observed that: (1) the study of social skills in caregivers of older adults is recent; (2) caregivers who used social skills more often felt less burdened; and (3) social skills can strengthen the interpersonal relationships of caregivers, contributing to better psychosocial adjustment. Thus, it may be useful to develop and evaluate programs to promote the use of social skills in this context, to verify the impacts of improved social skills on caregivers’ well-being.
Embates e disputas na política nacional de Educação Especial brasileira
Authors: Kassar Mônica de Carvalho Magalhães , Rebelo Andressa Santos , Oliveira Regina Tereza Cestari de
Published: August 2019

Resumo A elaboração da Constituição Federal , na década de 1980, evidenciou processos de lutas de interesses entre diferentes setores da sociedade na elaboração de políticas públicas no Brasil. As políticas de educação especial têm sido elaboradas nessas circunstâncias, sob as pressões de segmentos sociais. Com atenção a essa dinâmica, este artigo propõe-se a evidenciar a atuação de diferentes atores (instituições especializadas, técnicos do Mistério da Educação, grupos de pessoas com deficiência e seus familiares, Ministério Público Federal, pesquisadores do campo da educação especial) na proposição e na implementação da política nacional de educação especial no Brasil. Toma-se como recorte histórico o período entre 2001 e 2018. Foram coletadas informações de jornais impressos e online , blogs de comentaristas, páginas WEB representativas do poder público e de instituições especializadas privadas, atuantes na forma de Organizações Não Governamentais (ONG). Verifica-se que o período se caracteriza por disputas em que há a evidente ação das parcerias históricas na formulação de diretrizes para a educação especial e o fortalecimento de outro grupo composto por pais, pesquisadores do campo, técnicos e assessores políticos, que passa a combater explicitamente a histórica atuação das instituições especializadas. Conclui-se que essas disputas levaram à constituição de uma polaridade que não tem colaborado para o amadurecimento de propostas e projetos adequados às especificidades dos alunos da Educação Especial, no que se refere à atenção aos recursos e às especificidades educacionais e ao financiamento público das ações a esse campo.
Experiencias del cuidado familiar durante el cáncer de mama: la perspectiva de los cuidadores
Authors: Moreno-González María Mercedes , Galarza-Tejada Dulce María , Tejada-Tayabas Luz María
Published: August 2019

RESUMEN Objetivo Describir la experiencia del cuidado familiar a la mujer con cáncer de mama durante el tratamiento, desde la perspectiva de los cuidadores en el contexto mexicano. Método Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico. Fueron realizadas entrevistas en profundidad con cuidadores de mujeres sobrevivientes de cáncer de mama seleccionados mediante muestreo intencional, acumulativo y secuencial. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de contenido convencional. Resultados Participaron siete cuidadores. Los cuidadores refieren sus experiencias positivas y negativas al asumir su rol de cuidadores informales en el contexto familiar. Sobre la fortaleza de la reciprocidad del cuidado y su recompensa, prevalecen los momentos críticos, los sentimientos negativos y la falta de recursos de apoyo durante la experiencia. Ello permite entender el vínculo del cuidado informal para potenciarlo con estrategias de afrontamiento y orientación especifica por parte del personal de enfermería. Conclusión Los participantes experimentaron una transformación en su identidad como cuidadores y al ser conscientes de su experiencia, fueron capaces de describir sus cualidades lo que incrementa sus estrategias de afrontamiento tanto de la enfermedad como de los desafíos del cuidado.
Gastrointestinal helminths and related histopathological lesions in black-necked swans Cygnus melancoryphus from the Carlos Anwandter Nature Sanctuary, Southern Chile
Authors: Oyarzún-Ruiz Pablo , Muñoz Pamela , Paredes Enrique , Valenzuela Gastón , Ruiz Jorge
Published: August 2019

Abstract Black-necked swans are distributed across South America and face conservation problems in Chile according to data of the State institution SAG. The aim of this study was to identify helminths and to assess associated tissue damage via histopathology. A total of 19,291 parasites were isolated from 21 examined birds; 17 species were identified, including nematodes, flukes, and tapeworms. Of these, 12 were new host records, 13 were reported for the first time in Chile, and 5 were new records for the Neotropical region. Further, the flukes Schistosomatidae gen. sp. and Echinostoma echinatum are of zoonotic concern. Regarding histopathology, an inflammatory response was found along the birds’ entire digestive tract. Nevertheless, it is difficult to declare that there is a clear association between such lesions and isolated parasites, as other noxa could be responsible as well. Although in some cases there was an evident association, such inflammatory responses and necrosis were minimal, as occurred with Capillaria, Retinometra, Catatropis, Echinostoma, and Schistosomatidae gen. sp. Nevertheless, Epomidiostomum vogelsangi caused granulomatous injuries, an important inflammatory response, and necrosis, but it always circumscribed to superficial layers of the gizzard. Conversely, Paramonostomum was not associated with an inflammatory response despite a high parasitic load.
Learning to Communicate and Solve Visual Blocks-World Tasks
Authors: Zhang Qi , Lewis Richard , Singh Satinder , Durfee Edmund
Published: August 2019

We study emergent communication between speaker and listener recurrent neural-network agents that are tasked to cooperatively construct a blocks-world target image sampled from a generative grammar of blocks configurations. The speaker receives the target image and learns to emit a sequence of discrete symbols from a fixed vocabulary. The listener learns to construct a blocks-world image by choosing block placement actions as a function of the speaker’s full utterance and the image of the ongoing construction. Our contributions are (a) the introduction of a task domain for studying emergent communication that is both challenging and affords useful analyses of the emergent protocols; (b) an empirical comparison of the interpolation and extrapolation performance of training via supervised, (contextual) Bandit, and reinforcement learning; and (c) evidence for the emergence of interesting linguistic properties in the RL agent protocol that are distinct from the other two.
QUOTA: The Quantile Option Architecture for Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Zhang Shangtong , Yao Hengshuai
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we propose the Quantile Option Architecture (QUOTA) for exploration based on recent advances in distributional reinforcement learning (RL). In QUOTA, decision making is based on quantiles of a value distribution, not only the mean. QUOTA provides a new dimension for exploration via making use of both optimism and pessimism of a value distribution. We demonstrate the performance advantage of QUOTA in both challenging video games and physical robot simulators.
Learning (from) Deep Hierarchical Structure among Features
Authors: Zhang Yu , Han Lei
Published: August 2019

Data features usually can be organized in a hierarchical structure to reflect the relations among them. Most of previous studies that utilize the hierarchical structure to help improve the performance of supervised learning tasks can only handle the structure of a limited height such as 2. In this paper, we propose a Deep Hierarchical Structure (DHS) method to handle the hierarchical structure of an arbitrary height with a convex objective function. The DHS method relies on the exponents of the edge weights in the hierarchical structure but the exponents need to be given by users or set to be identical by default, which may be suboptimal. Based on the DHS method, we propose a variant to learn the exponents from data. Moreover, we consider a case where even the hierarchical structure is not available. Based on the DHS method, we propose a Learning Deep Hierarchical Structure (LDHS) method which can learn the hierarchical structure via a generalized fused-Lasso regularizer and a proposed sequential constraint. All the optimization problems are solved by proximal methods where each subproblem has an efficient solution. Experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Biomedical Image Segmentation via Representative Annotation
Authors: Zheng Hao , Yang Lin , Chen Jianxu , Han Jun , Zhang Yizhe , Liang Peixian , Zhao Zhuo , Wang Chaoli , Chen Danny Z.
Published: August 2019

Deep learning has been applied successfully to many biomedical image segmentation tasks. However, due to the diversity and complexity of biomedical image data, manual annotation for training common deep learning models is very timeconsuming and labor-intensive, especially because normally only biomedical experts can annotate image data well. Human experts are often involved in a long and iterative process of annotation, as in active learning type annotation schemes. In this paper, we propose representative annotation (RA), a new deep learning framework for reducing annotation effort in biomedical image segmentation. RA uses unsupervised networks for feature extraction and selects representative image patches for annotation in the latent space of learned feature descriptors, which implicitly characterizes the underlying data while minimizing redundancy. A fully convolutional network (FCN) is then trained using the annotated selected image patches for image segmentation. Our RA scheme offers three compelling advantages: (1) It leverages the ability of deep neural networks to learn better representations of image data; (2) it performs one-shot selection for manual annotation and frees annotators from the iterative process of common active learning based annotation schemes; (3) it can be deployed to 3D images with simple extensions. We evaluate our RA approach using three datasets (two 2D and one 3D) and show our framework yields competitive segmentation results comparing with state-of-the-art methods.
Deep Interest Evolution Network for Click-Through Rate Prediction
Authors: Zhou Guorui , Mou Na , Fan Ying , Pi Qi , Bian Weijie , Zhou Chang , Zhu Xiaoqiang , Gai Kun
Published: August 2019

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction, whose goal is to estimate the probability of a user clicking on the item, has become one of the core tasks in the advertising system. For CTR prediction model, it is necessary to capture the latent user interest behind the user behavior data. Besides, considering the changing of the external environment and the internal cognition, user interest evolves over time dynamically. There are several CTR prediction methods for interest modeling, while most of them regard the representation of behavior as the interest directly, and lack specially modeling for latent interest behind the concrete behavior. Moreover, little work considers the changing trend of the interest. In this paper, we propose a novel model, named Deep Interest Evolution Network (DIEN), for CTR prediction. Specifically, we design interest extractor layer to capture temporal interests from history behavior sequence. At this layer, we introduce an auxiliary loss to supervise interest extracting at each step. As user interests are diverse, especially in the e-commerce system, we propose interest evolving layer to capture interest evolving process that is relative to the target item. At interest evolving layer, attention mechanism is embedded into the sequential structure novelly, and the effects of relative interests are strengthened during interest evolution. In the experiments on both public and industrial datasets, DIEN significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art solutions. Notably, DIEN has been deployed in the display advertisement system of Taobao, and obtained 20.7% improvement on CTR.
DAN: Deep Attention Neural Network for News Recommendation
Authors: Zhu Qiannan , Zhou Xiaofei , Song Zeliang , Tan Jianlong , Guo Li
Published: August 2019

With the rapid information explosion of news, making personalized news recommendation for users becomes an increasingly challenging problem. Many existing recommendation methods that regard the recommendation procedure as the static process, have achieved better recommendation performance. However, they usually fail with the dynamic diversity of news and user’s interests, or ignore the importance of sequential information of user’s clicking selection. In this paper, taking full advantages of convolution neural network (CNN), recurrent neural network (RNN) and attention mechanism, we propose a deep attention neural network DAN for news recommendation. Our DAN model presents to use attention-based parallel CNN for aggregating user’s interest features and attention-based RNN for capturing richer hidden sequential features of user’s clicks, and combines these features for new recommendation. We conduct experiment on real-world news data sets, and the experimental results demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of our proposed DAN model.