bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metal-organic framework-covered stainless steel mesh as a novel heterogeneous catalyst in multi-component reaction
Authors: Hojati Seyedeh Fatemeh , Amiri Amirhassan , Kasraeian Maryam
Published: July 2024

The stainless steel mesh was covered by MOF-199 and applied in the four-component synthesis of 2-aminospiro[indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11,4-pyran]-3-carbonitriles as a novel and efficient heterogeneous catalyst. The preparation of MOF-199-covered stainless steel mesh (MOF-199@SSM) was confirmed by FT-IR and FE-SEM analyses. MOF-199@SSM catalyst can be easily separated from the reaction mixture by simple forceps and reused. The stability of the catalyst was examined using a hot filtration test and no leaching occurred during the reaction. The reactions conditions were mild and the reaction times were relatively short. No by-product was produced, so, high purity and high yields of products were obtained
Association between biological aging and Asthma-COPD overlap based on Nhanes 2005-2018
Authors: Sun Tongyao , Yang Shengzhen , Li Shitao , Li Huiwen , Yu Jianjian , Wang Jun
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
Aging is an important factor in the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases, and biological aging can better reflect the systemic functional status of individual organisms. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between biological aging and Asthma-COPD Overlap (ACO) ,and to explore its potential causal relationship.
METHODS
The present study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), spanning from 2005 to 2018. Three biological ages [Klemera-Doubal method (KDM), phenotypic age (PhenoAge) and homeostatic dysregulation (HD)] and two measures of biological acceleration of aging (BioAgeAccel and PhenoAgeAccel) were selected as the main exposure factors for analysis. Weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic spline regression were used to analyze the association between biological aging and ACO.
RESULTS
In our study, phenotypic age was positively associated with the incidence of ACO, and the degree of phenotypic age acceleration was also a risk factor for ACO prevalence. After further adjustment for demographic characteristics, both remained an important risk factor for ACO.
CONCLUSION
This study provides some evidence for the association of biological aging in the development of ACO. In addition, preventive strategies targeting aging have a potential role in reducing the risk of ACO.
Comparison of recent clinical outcomes of two different surgical procedures for the treatment of single-segment lumbar disc herniation
Authors: wang yewei , du yibin
Published: July 2024

Objective To investigate the recent clinical efficacy of UBED (unilateral two-channel endoscopic disc extraction) and MIS-TLIF (minimally invasive transforaminal approach lumbar interbody fusion) treatment for the treatment of single-segment lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods Seventy-three patients with single-segment LDH admitted to the First People's Hospital of Hefei City from December 2019 to January 2022 were selected for the study, and were divided into UBED and MIS-TLIF (Observation Group and Control Group), with 43 and 30 patients in each group, and patients in both groups had the degree of pain (measured by VAS scores) and dysfunction (measured by ODI scores) before and after the operation, functional status of the lumbar spine (measured by JOA score). In addition, some key indicators of the surgical procedure, such as the number of fluoroscopies, operative time, and bleeding, as well as the postoperative recovery, including CRP on the first postoperative day, time to get out of bed, hospitalization time and cost, intervertebral space height of the responsible segments at 3 months postoperatively, vertebral body slippage distances above and below the responsible segments, and the incidence of postoperative complications were also recorded.
Results At one month and three months after operation, the VAS score and ODI score of patients in both groups were lower than those before operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The difference in the incidence of postoperative complications was not statistically significant in the observation group compared with the control group (P>0.05). The VAS and ODI scores, number of intraoperative fluoroscopies, operation time, intraoperative bleeding, CRP on the first postoperative day, time to get out of bed, hospitalization time, hospitalization cost, and vertebral body slip distance above and below the responsible segment in the three months after surgery of the patients in the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion Both UBED and MIS-TLIF can reduce patients' low back and leg pain and dysfunction, and compared with MIS-TLIF, UBED has significant advantages in improving the treatment effect, shortening the operation time, reducing the number of fluoroscopies, the amount of intraoperative bleeding, and reducing the economic burden, but MIS-TLIF is conducive to the improvement of the lumbar spine stability and lumbar spine function.
Identifying Optimal Serum 1,3-β-D-Glucan Cut-off for Diagnosing Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in non-HIV Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Li Yuan-Yuan , Chen Yan , Li Shan , Dong Run , Yang Qi-Wen , Peng Jin-Min , Du Bin
Published: July 2024

Background
Serum (1,3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) detection for diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) immunocompromised patients lacks intensive care unit (ICU)-specific data. We aimed to assess its performance and determine the optimal cutoff for PJP in ICU population.
Methods
This retrospective study included critically ill non-HIV immunocompromised patients admitted to a medical ICU with suspected pneumonia, undergoing simultaneous microbiological testing for P. jirovecii on lower respiratory tract specimens and serum BDG. Confounders affecting BDG positivity were explored by multivariable logistic regression. Optimal cut-offs were derived from Youden's index for the entire cohort and subgroups stratified by confounders. Diagnostic performance of serum BDG was estimated at different cutoffs.
Results
Of 400 patients included, 42% were diagnosed with PJP and 58.3% had positive serum BDG. Serum BDG’s area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.90 (0.87–0.93). At manufacturer's 150 pg/ml cut-off, serum BDG had high sensitivity and negative predictive value (94%), but low specificity and positive predictive value (67%). Confounders associated with a positive serum BDG in PJP diagnosis included IVIG infusion within 3 days (odds ratio [OR] 9.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.09–20.88, p < 0.001), other invasive fungal infections (OR 4.46; 95% CI 2.10–9.49, p < 0.001) and gram-negative bacteremia (OR 29.02; 95% CI 9.03–93.23, p < 0.001). The application of optimal BDG cut-off values determined by Youden's index (252 pg/ml, 390 pg/ml, and 202 pg/ml) specific for all patients and subgroups with or without confounders improved the specificity (79%, 74%, and 88%) and corresponding PPV (75%, 65%, and 85%), while maintaining reasonable sensitivity and NPV.
Conclusions
Tailoring serum BDG cutoff specific to PJP and incorporating consideration of confounders could enhance serum BDG’s diagnostic performance in the ICU settings.
Numerical Simulation of Three-dimensional Seepage Field in a Tailing Pond under Multiple Operating Conditions
Authors: Fu Botao , Pei Jingjing , Ji Huaijun
Published: July 2024

Establishing strong seepage stability for tailings dams is crucial for ensuring their safety and mitigating the risk of failure. This study developed a three-dimensional seepage numerical model using finite element numerical computation for four different elevation conditions (5070 m, 5081 m, 5159 m, and 5213 m) encompassing the pond area and dam body. Seepage calculations were conducted under normal and flooding conditions, and the tailings pond’s seepage stability was assessed for various stacking scenarios. The spatial distribution pattern of the infiltration surface and the hydraulic stability of the tailings pond were evaluated, which provides insights into the three-dimensional infiltration stability. Examining the seepage stability under different accumulation conditions revealed distinct spatial distribution patterns of the infiltration surface and hydraulic ratio drop values. The findings indicated that the maximum permeability slope at 5070 m elevation ranged from 0.66 to 0.75 at normal operation water level and maximum flood level. Most hydraulic ratio drop values at 5081 m were below 0.2, while the anti-seepage lining sections at 5159 m and 5213 m showed larger values, and maintained the overall hydraulic ratio drop within safe limits. Consequently, the dam body's permeability was deemed secure, and no infiltration damage was anticipated with the proposed design of seepage control and drainage facilities. Moreover, sensitivity analysis of the tailing sand's permeability coefficient demonstrated that variations between 0.2 and 5 times the given parameter align with the seepage control requirements for the tailings dam. Additionally, local geomembrane breakage was found to have minimal impact on the tailing pond's seepage field and the dam body's permeability stability, which provides a scientific foundation for analyzing and designing the seismic static-dynamic stability of the tailings pond.
Effect of intercropping of paulownia and buckwheat on soil microbial biodiversity and enzymatic activity
Authors: Woźniak Małgorzata , Jama-Rodzeńska Anna , Gębarowska Elżbieta , Liszewski Marek , Siebielec Sylwia , Kaczmarek-Pienczewska Agata , Kucińska Jolanta , Gałka Bernard , Zalewski Dariusz , Bąbelewski Przemysław
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study was to capture microbiological changes in the soil environment during intercropping of paulownia with buckwheat using randomized block method experiment conducted at Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences in 2019–2022. The soil samples were characterized by measuring abundance of microorganisms determining the microbial and fungal community structure using Illumina MiSeq sequencing, the activity of dehydrogenase (DHA) and total glomalin-related soil proteins (T-GRSP). In addition, we assessed the buckwheat roots' colonisation by fungi, as well as yield and biometric traits of the plant. The calculated alpha indicators of the bacterial microbiome diversity and abundance show higher bacterial diversity in the intercropping samples, when compared to the control site. NGS (Next-Generation Sequencing) analysis showed that Actionobacteria, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were dominant in the microbiome in every variant of the experiment, regardless of the crop. By contrast, the mycobiome was dominated by fungi classified as the Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota. At the first sampling date (T1), intercropping sample analysis showed significant increase in DHA activity, but not in glomalin concentration. As a rule, the biometric traits’ values were higher when buckwheat was intercropped with paulownia compared to the control culture, both in terms of buckwheat yield and the total kernels of weight per plant.
Experimental study on Down-hole Dynamic Compaction to reinforce the deep slag miscellaneous fill foundation of highways
Authors: Chen Tao , Wang Weizhong , Guo Yancheng
Published: July 2024

Down-hole dynamic compaction is one of the important engineering technology to solve the problems of insufficient bearing capacity and uneven settlement after construction for deep slag miscellaneous fill foundation. Based on the deep slag miscellaneous fill foundation treatment project of an expressway, several groups of field tests were carried out, such as different pile forming processes and different pile spacing. Through the super heavy dynamic penetration test and foundation bearing capacity test, the reinforcement effect of down-hole dynamic compaction on the soil between piles of miscellaneous fill foundation is studied. The results show that the down-hole dynamic compaction has a significant reinforcement effect on the deep slag miscellaneous fill. After treatment, the compactness of the undisturbed slag miscellaneous fill changes from loose to medium dense or dense, and the soil compression modulus increases significantly. In addition, according to the compaction effect of soil between piles, the improvement effect of punching pile with small pile diameter on the bearing and deformation capacity of foundation is better than that of rotary digging pile with large diameter. Finally, deep dynamic compaction in the hole will have a certain disturbance on the shallow soil. In engineering applications, after the completion of the pile, the surface soil should be tamped to ensure the overall treatment effect of the foundation.
Nasal microbiota homeostasis regulates host anti-influenza immunity via the IFN and autophagy pathways in beagles
Authors: Geng Jinzhu , Dong Yuhao , Huang Hao , Wen Xia , Xu Ting , Zhao Yanbing , Liu Yongjie
Published: July 2024

Background
The respiratory tract houses a specialized microbial ecosystem, and despite the close anatomical and physiological ties between the oral, upper respiratory, and lower respiratory tracts, there is a substantial discrepancy in microbial quantity, spanning multiple orders of magnitude. The potential for commensal bacteria to prevent infection lies in their ability to regulate innate and adaptive host immune responses. Influenza virus predominantly targets and replicates within the epithelial cells of both upper and lower respiratory tracts. Given this, we hypothesize that the nasal-lung-microbe cross-talk plays a crucial role in influencing influenza susceptibility. In this study, we investigated viral presence, gene expression profiles of host, and the nasal and lung microbiota in a beagle dog model with antibiotic-induced nasal dysbiosis during influenza virus infection.
Results
In this study, using 16S rRNA sequencing, combined with comparative anatomy, transcriptomics and histological examination, we investigated viral presence, gene expression profiles of host, and the nasal and lung microbiota in influenza-infected beagles with antibiotic-induced nasal dysbiosis. Our data showed that dysbiosis of the nasal microbiome exacerbates influenza-induced respiratory disease and the epithelial barrier disruption, and impairs host antiviral responses in the nasal cavity and lung. Moreover, dysregulation of nasal microbiota worsens the influenza-induced disturbance in lung microbiota. Further, we identified one strain of Lactobacillus plantarum with a significant antiviral effect, which is exerted by activating the IFN pathway and modulating the impaired autophagy flux induced by influenza virus. Our data collectively indicate a close connection between the microbiomes of different ecological niches in the nasal and lung regions. This connection significantly influences subsequent host-microbe cross-talk, which was associated with an increased susceptibility to influenza.
Conclusions
Our investigation reveals that nasal microbiota dysbiosis not only increases host susceptibility to influenza virus infection but also contributes to the exacerbation of influenza-induced lung microbiota dysregulation. This intricate relationship extends to the microbiome composition, demonstrating correlations with critical factors such as host antiviral responses, inflammation thresholds, and mucosal barrier integrity. Together, these findings underscore the substantial impact of nasal microbiota dysbiosis on the overall outcome during influenza infections.
The symmetric 2-adic complexity of Tang-Gong interleaved sequences from Legendre sequence pair
Authors: Yan Feifei , Ke Pinhui , Chang Zuling
Published: July 2024

The symmetric 2-adic complexity of a class of Tang-Gong interleaved binary sequences with period 4N (where N ≡ 3 (mod 4)) constructed from the Legendre sequence pair is open (Yang et al., Designs, Codes and Cryptography, 2024, online first). By analysing the algebraic structure of the sequences and calculating the autocorrelation and crosscorrelation distributions of the column sequences in the interleaved structure, we completely determine the symmetric 2-adic complexity of the sequences. Our result shows that the symmetric 2-adic complexity of these sequences is equal to their 2-adic complexity.
An Adaptive Matrix-Based Evolutionary Computation Framework for EEG Feature Selection
Authors: Duan Dan-Ting , Sun Bing , Yang Qiang , Ye Long , Zhang Qin , Zhang Jun
Published: July 2024

Electroencephalogram (EEG) plays a significant role in emotion recognition because it contains abundant information. However, due to the highly correlated EEG channels, a lot of redundant EEG features exist, which not only potentially degrade the emotion recognition accuracy, but also bring high computational cost. To address this challenge, this paper proposes an adaptive matrix-based evolutionary computation (MEC) framework to select as a small number of informative EEG features as possible for effective emotion recognition. Unlike most existing EC algorithms that utilize vector-based operations, this framework leverages matrix-based operations to reduce feature redundancy and improve classification accuracy by dynamically adjusting the feature subset size according to the characteristics of the dataset. In such a way, the selection efficiency is largely improved. To verify the effectiveness and efficiency of this framework, the classical Genetic Algorithm (GA), the typical Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, and the classical Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm, are respectively embedded into this framework for EEG feature selection, and then evaluated on three widely used public EEG datasets for emotion recognition. Compared with several state-of-the-art EEG feature selection algorithms, the devised framework is much more effective in terms of the classification accuracy, the feature subset optimization, and the computational efficiency. In addition, the experimental results further reveal that the selected feature subsets are very different for different genders. This indicates the demand of gender-sensitive EEG feature selection for emotion recognition.
Tumor-specific CXCR6 positive precursor CD8 + T cells mediate tumor control in metastatic melanoma
Authors: Song Yang , Chen Ji , Zhang Yaqin , Wu Ning , Zhu Yongjun , Chen Gang , Miao Feng , Chen Zhiming , Wang Yiqing
Published: July 2024

Background
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) mediates durable and complete regression of various cancers. However, its efficacy is limited by the long-term persistence of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, given their irreversible dysfunction within the tumor microenvironment. Herein, we aimed to establish an artificial lung metastasis model to examine T-lymphocyte subsets, in order to identify potential effective cell subsets for ACT.
Methods
A metastatic lung melanoma mouse model was established using OVA-expressing melanoma B16 cells. Flow cytometry analysis was conducted to examine the surface markers, transcription factors, and secreted cytokines of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells within metastatic tissues. The infiltrated cells were sorted by flow cytometry for in vitro tumor cell killing assays or in vivo cell infusion therapy combined with chemotherapeutic drugs and immune checkpoint blockade antibodies.
Results
Exhausted CD8+ T cells (Tex) exhibited high heterogeneity in metastatic tissues. Among Tex cells, the CXCR6− precursor cell showed certain memory characteristics, including phenotype, transcription factors, and maintenance, whereas the CXCR6+ subpopulation partially lost these traits. Moreover, CXCR6+ precursor cells effectively replenished effector-like Tex cells in metastatic tissues and exerted direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Notably, transferring these tumor-specific CXCR6+ precursor-exhausted T (Texp) cells into recipients induced a substantial regression of metastasis. In addition, these cells could respond to immune checkpoint blockade, which could better control tumor metastasis.
Conclusions
In our study, a subset of antigen-specific CXCR6-expressing Texp cells was observed within the metastatic tissue. The cells served as a crucial source of effector-like Tex cells and exerted direct cytotoxic effects on tumor cells. Adoptive transfer of CXCR6+ Texp cells effectively mitigated lung metastasis in mice. This study helps elucidate the role of Texp cells in metastasis, thereby offering novel insights into enhancing the efficacy and durability of immunotherapy.
ChromoGen: Diffusion model predicts single-cell chromatin conformations
Authors: Zhang Bin , Schuette Greg , Lao Zhuohan
Published: July 2024

Breakthroughs in high-throughput sequencing and microscopic imaging technologies have revealed that chromatin structures vary considerably between cells of the same type. However, a thorough characterization of this heterogeneity remains elusive due to the labor-intensive and time-consuming nature of these experiments. To address these challenges, we introduce ChromoGen, a generative model based on state-of-the-art artificial intelligence techniques that efficiently predicts three-dimensional, single-cell chromatin conformations \emph{de novo} with both region- and cell type-specificity. These generated conformations accurately reproduce experimental results at both the single-cell and population level. Moreover, ChromoGen successfully transfers to cell types excluded from the training data using just DNA sequence and widely available DNase-seq data, thus providing access to chromatin structures in myriad cell types. These achievements come at a remarkably low computational cost. Therefore, ChromoGen enables the systematic investigation of single-cell chromatin organization, its heterogeneity, and its relationship to sequencing data, all while remaining economical.
Microheater hotspot engineering for repeatable multi-level switching in foundry-processed phase change silicon photonics
Authors: Ocampo Carlos A. Rios , Sun Hongyi , Lian Chuanyu , Vásquez-Aza Francis , Kari Sadra Rahimi , Huang Yi-Siou , Restelli Alessandro , Vitale Steven A. , Takeuchi Ichiro , Hu Juejun , Youngblood Nathan , Pavlidis Georges
Published: July 2024

Nonvolatile photonic integrated circuits employing phase change materials have relied either on optical switching mechanisms with precise multi-level control but poor scalability or electrical switching with seamless integration and scalability but mostly limited to a binary response. Recent works have demonstrated electrical multi-level switching; however, they relied on the stochastic nucleation process to achieve partial crystallization with low demonstrated repeatability and cyclability. Here, we re-engineer waveguide-integrated microheaters to achieve precise spatial control of the temperature profile (i.e., hotspot) and, thus, switch deterministic areas of an embedded phase change material cell. We experimentally demonstrate this concept using a variety of foundry-processed doped-silicon microheaters on a silicon-on-insulator platform to trigger multi-step amorphization and reversible switching of Sb2Se3 and Ge2Sb2Se4Te alloys. We further characterize the response of our microheaters using Transient Thermoreflectance Imaging. Our approach combines the deterministic control resulting from a spatially resolved glassy-crystalline distribution with the scalability of electro-thermal switching devices, thus paving the way to reliable multi-level switching towards robust reprogrammable phase-change photonic devices for analog processing and computing.
Structure-Guided Design of Partial Agonists at an Opioid Receptor
Authors: Che Tao , Varga Balazs , Bernhard Sarah M , Daibani Amal El , Zaidi Saheem , Lam Jordy , Aguilar Jhoan , Appourchaux Kevin , Nazarova Antonina , Kouvelis Alexa , Eans Shainnel , Margolis Elyssa , Fay Jonathan , Pradhan Amynah , Katritch Vsevolod , McLaughlin Jay , Majumdar Susruta
Published: July 2024

The persistence of chronic pain and continuing overdose deaths from pain-relieving opioids targeting µ opioid receptor (µOR) have fueled the need for reliable long-term analgesics which use different targets and mechanisms. The δ opioid receptor (δOR) is a potential alternative target for non-addictive analgesics to alleviate chronic pain, made more attractive by its lack of respiratory depression associated with µOR agonists. However, early δOR full agonists were found to induce seizures, precluding clinical use. Partial δOR agonists may offer more controlled activation of the receptor compared to full agonists, but the development of such ligands has been hindered by uncertainty over the molecular mechanism mediating partial agonism. Using a structure-based approach, we explored the engagement of the sodium binding pocket in δOR and developed a bitopic ligand, C6-Quino, predicted to be a selective δOR partial agonist. Functional studies of C6-Quino revealed that it displayed δOR partial agonist activity at both G-protein and arrestin pathways. Its interaction with the sodium pocket was confirmed and analyzed using a single particle cryo-EM. Additionally, C6-Quino demonstrated favorable chemical and physiological properties like oral activity, and analgesic activity in multiple chronic pain models. Notably, µOR-related hyperlocomotion and respiratory depression, and δOR-related convulsions, were not observed at analgesic doses of C6-Quino. This fundamentally new approach to designing δOR ligands provides a blueprint for the development of partial agonists as safe analgesics and acts as a generic method to optimize signaling profiles of other Class A GPCRs.
Effect and clinical evaluation of postoperative intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion therapy on disease control and survival in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer
Authors: wang Xue , Hu Xiang , Sun Yichiao , Star Sparkle
Published: July 2024

Objective
To investigate the effect of postoperative intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP) combined with nutritional support on disease control and survival in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods
From August 2019 to August 2020, we arbitrarily divided 80 patients with locally advanced CRC into two groups. Each group contained 40 cases. In the control group, the patients were given simple nutritional support after operation, and in the observation group, the patients were cured with intraperitoneal thermal perfusion combined with nutritional support based on the control group. The clinical efficacy was observed. And the recurrence rate, metastasis rate, survival rate, serum thymidine kinase 1 (TK1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) levels and life quality scores were compared before and after treatment.
Results
In the observation group, the objective remission rate (ORR) was 80.00%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 97.50%. In the control group, the ORR was 57.50% and the DCR was 77.50%. There was a remarkable increase in ORR and DCR in the observation group (P < 0.05). Comparatively to the control group (35.00% and 40.00%), the observation group had the lower recurrence and metastasis rates (12.50% and 17.50%, respectively). As compared to the control group (55.00%), the observation group's survival rate was remarkably higher (77.50%) and its survival time was remarkably longer (77.50%). The serum levels of TKI, COX-2 and soluble ICAM-1 were remarkably lessened, and the serum levels in the observation group were lower (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of social, physical, role and cognitive functions of patients were remarkably elevated. In the control and observation groups, the incidence of adverse reactions was 27.50% and 5.00% respectively.
Conclusion
IPHP plus with nutritional support is effective in postoperative patients with locally advanced CRC, which can successfully enhance the life quality, reduce the rate of recurrence, prolong the survival time. The treatment approach has been highly safe, which may be relevant to the remarkable reduction of serum TK1, COX-2 and solution ICAM-1 levels.
Formability Assessment of 3D-Printed ABS Sheets Using Nakajima Test
Authors: Kami Abdolvahed , Fakhri Hamed , Hosseini Mehdi , Mirtorabi Hamid
Published: July 2024

This study explores the formability of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) sheets produced by the fused filament fabrication 3D-printing process. The ABS sheets, fabricated with a diameter of 80 mm, were subjected to the Nakajima test. The investigation focused on assessing the impact of printing pattern (rectilinear, concentric, concentric/rectilinear), sheet thickness (0.8 mm, 1.4 mm, and 2 mm), and forming temperature (35°C, 70°C, and 90°C) on forming depth, utilizing a full factorial design of experiments comprising 27 conditions. Through the application of analysis of variance (ANOVA), a linear model for forming depth was derived, demonstrating high precision and reliability. Results indicate that as temperature increases, formability improves, reaching a maximum at 90°C with a rectilinear print pattern (15.95 mm depth). Conversely, the lowest forming depth (1.45 mm) occurred at 35°C with a concentric printing pattern. Sheet thickness showed minimal impact on forming depth, but forming force increased with thickness.
Rapid worldwide spread of 17MPLF spike insertion mutants (JN.1-JN.1.25, KP.1, KP.2, KQ.1, KR.1, XDD, XDP, XDK, XDQ subvariants) of omicron coronaviruses and spike gene 5’-end sequencing problem
Authors: Chakraborty Asit Kumar
Published: July 2024

We postulated a higher omicron JN.1/BA.2.86.1.1 coronavirus transmission due to unique 17MPLF spike insertion compensating 24LPP, 69HV, 145Y, 211N and 483V deletions [Journal of Future Medicine and Healthcare Innovation, 2(3):1–20, 2024]. After six months of our publication in Research Square preprint, I am updating our analysis of omicron spike insertion mutants. Database analysis suggested that JN.1-JN.1.25 subvariants had such insertion and such mutants were predominantly spreading worldwide. But we found some new coronavirus variants spread in the database like KP.1, KP.2, KP.1.1, KQ.1, XDD, XDK, XDP, XDQ, XDQ.1 and more which was contradictory to our hypothesis. Similarly, previously compared HV.1, EG.5.1.1, XBB.1.1-XBB.1.103, FL.1.5.1 like variants with no 17MPLF insertion but with termination codon mutation in the ORF8 gene, was diminishing comparatively in 2024. Surprisingly, the newly spreading subvariants also contained 17MPLF insertion in the spike. Originally, KP.1 was BA.2.86.1.1.11.1 while XDQ variant was a composite of BA.2.86.1 and FL1.5.1.1 suggesting JN.1, KP.1, XDK and XDQ subvariants were very similar. As the other genetic variations were found minimal, our hypothesis was fundamentally proved. On the other hand, critical search indicated omission of ORF8 protein in some 17MPLF insertion mutants likely diminishing viral load and disease severity but frequently found ORF7a deletions were not found. We also detected unique 32S deletion in the spike of few 17MPLF insertion mutants increasing to nine AAs spike deletion in JN.1 lineages. BLASTP search using oligopeptides at the new mutations (F59L, H146Q, R346T) and deletion (32S) boundaries demonstrated the penetration of insertion mutants in the USA, UK, Russia and Japan. Contrary to our hypothesis, Opentrons P (AN: PP889628, PP916105, PP938531, PP938533, PQ009953), Sadri N (AN: PP887470, PP88747474, PP887480, PP887481), Dragon J et al. (PP938086, PP938087), and Reev V et al (AN: PP871683, PP934270, PQ012208) reported JN.1 lineages without 17MPLF spike insertion.
Aktivatoren von KNa1.1-Kanälen für die Therapie von Schmerz und Pruritus
Authors:   , Balzulat Annika
Published: July 2024

Der Natrium-abhängige Kaliumkanal Slack (KNa1.1, Slo2.2, KCNT1) nimmt eine Schlüsselrolle in der Regulation neuronaler Erregbarkeit ein, indem er die Ausbildung und Feuerungsfrequenz von Aktionspotentialen kontrolliert. Sowohl in Mäusen als auch in Menschen wird Slack besonders hoch in nicht-peptidergen C-Faser-Neuronen exprimiert. Wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse der letzten Jahre konnten die Beteiligung von Slack-Kanälen in der Signalverarbeitung neuropathischer Schmerzen, aber auch in verschiedenen Arten von Pruritus, feststellen. Dabei zeigen Slack-defiziente Mäuse ein verstärktes mechanisches Schmerzverhalten nach einer peripheren Nervenverletzung und ein erhöhtes Kratzverhalten in akuten Juckreiz-Modellen. Das als Slack-Aktivator identifizierte trizyklische Neuroleptikum Loxapin zeigt sowohl analgetische als auch antipruritische Effekte in Mäusen, jedoch ist sein klinischer Einsatz auf Grund schwerwiegender antipsychotischer Nebenwirkungen limitiert. Basierend auf Loxapins Leitstruktur wurden daher in dieser Arbeit neue Slack-Aktivatoren mit einem verbesserten pharmakologischen Profil designed und ihr Potential für die Therapie von Schmerzen sowie akutem und chronischem Pruritus in vivo untersucht.
Prediction Model for Tourism Object Ticket Determination in Bangkalan, Madura, Indonesia
Authors: Mufarroha Fifin Ayu , Tholaby Akhmad Tajuddin , Anamisa Devie Rosa , Jauhari Achmad
Published: July 2024

One of the regencies in Madura, namely Bangkalan, with its local wisdom and beautiful landscapes has the potential to become a tourism center. However, there may be a decrease in the number of visits caused by some factors. The research used the time series method to build a prediction model for tourist attraction entrance tickets. The model development aimed to estimate the number of tourist attraction visits in the future. The right model was needed to get the best prediction results. Least square, Holt-Winter, Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA), and Rolling were chosen as the models. Data collection related to the number of tourist objects was carried out directly at the Tourism Office to obtain valid data. Using data on visitors to tourist attractions in Bangkalan Regency from 2015 to 2019, the results of measuring errors using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) are obtained. The error measurement results show that the Holt-Winter model has the lowest error rate of 5% and RMSE of 307,1198. Based on these calculations, the Holt-Winter model is the best model for determining tourist attraction entrance tickets. The ranking of the error measurement results from the highest to the lowest are Holt-Winter, Rolling, SARIMA, and Least Square methods.
Smart Shrimp Farming Using Internet of Things (IoT) and Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Johan Michael , Suharjito Suharjito
Published: July 2024

In the case of ponds with Litopenaeus Vannamei shrimp, water quality parameters play a significant role in shrimp growth. Leveraging technology enhances water quality to optimize growth and survivability in the shrimp farming industry. The research aimed to empower local farmers with smart shrimp farming technologies, including Information Technology (IT), such as the Internet of Things (IoT), and Fuzzy Logic. The research also involved a comparison between Litopenaeus Vannamei shrimp in two different aquariums: one serving as a control group and the other implementing IoT and Fuzzy Logic for a period of 30 days. The initial Litopenaeus Vannamei shrimp stocking was 135 shrimps for control aquariums and 132 for experimental aquariums. Then, the research used Arduino ESP 8266, Raspberry Pi 3, and SciKit-Fuzzy library to record and process the data. Through the application of IoT and Fuzzy Logic, the research successfully increases survivability by 6%, specific growth rate by 28%, and length by 8% in 30 days compared to conventional methods. The results highlight the potential use of technology in Litopenaeus Vannamei shrimp farming. The proposed system’s hardware and software architecture can be easily scaled to accommodate the needs of Litopenaeus Vannamei shrimp farmers with multiple ponds, offering flexibility and adaptability.
Water Quality Monitoring System Based on the Internet of Things (IoT) for Vannamei Shrimp Farming
Authors: Eso Rosliana , Mokui Hasmina Tari , Arman Arman , Safiuddin Laode , Husein Husein
Published: July 2024

As Internet of Things (IoT) technology develops, water quality monitoring systems for Vannamei shrimp farms have become more inventive and straightforward. The prototype IoT system monitors and controls the pool using sensors that can measure water quality parameters, such as temperature, pH, and salinity. The research aimed to design an automated water quality monitoring system for Vannamei shrimp aquaculture. The research used the E-4052C sensor, DS18B20 sensor, and DFRobot V1.0 sensor as data transmitting hardware (transmitter) and the receiving hardware microcontroller NodeMCU ESP32 as data processing, management, and control system tools. Then, the system used a Wi-Fi network to transfer data from the microcontroller to the Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) server as a data cloud. Several software programs, including Telegram, Node-Red, and ThingSpeak, help Android devices display real-time data. Test results for the accuracy of the sensor’s reading on water pH are 99.71, with an error rate of 0.29%. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the temperature sensor is 98.03 with an error rate of 1.7%. On the other hand, the accuracy of the salinity sensor is 99.49, with an error rate of 0.41%. The results indicate that all sensors have excellent performance. The real-time monitoring display and Android Telegram notification functions are good, and the automatic water quality monitoring tool is successfully operating in the Vannamei shrimp pool in Pamandati, South Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi ssProvince, Indonesia.
Shock cardiogénico: una revisión actualizada sobre su manejo
Authors: Alzate Valencia Viviana , Rendon López Hermis Duvan
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: describir el manejo, diagnóstico y tratamiento para el shock cardiogénico. Metodología: se realizó una búsqueda, selección y revisión de artículos originales en inglés, español o portugués, publicados durante los últimos 5 años en diferentes bases de datos. Resultados y conclusiones: el shock cardiogénico es una disfunción cardíaca generada por alteraciones propias del corazón que conllevaba a un estado de hipoperfusión generado por la disminución del gasto cardíaco. Actualmente se cuenta con diferentes ayudas diagnósticas que permiten establecer diagnósticos tempranos con el fin de brindar un tratamiento rápido para evitar mayor morbimortalidad. El profesional de enfermería debe tener un conocimiento amplio en cuanto a la presentación, diagnóstico, manejo y tratamiento del shock cardiogéncio para brindar un cuidado basado en conocimientos científicos.
Gestión de enfermería en la humanización de la atención clínica de los pacientes adultos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos COVID: una revisión de tema
Authors: Agudelo-Mejía José-Fernando , Cabellos García Ana Cristina
Published: July 2024

Introducción: el cuidado humanizado en el ámbito sanitario, en especial en la UCI, es esencial para preservar la integridad de la persona. A pesar de los desafíos de la pandemia, la deshumanización persiste, lo que destaca la importancia de la gestión del profesional de enfermería, actuando como nexo entre el equipo asistencial, el paciente y la familia. Objetivo: analizar la gestión de los cuidados de enfermería como eje humanizador de la atención clínica de los pacientes adultos internados por COVID en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos durante la pandemia. Metodología: se realizó una revisión de artículos publicados en revistas científicas desde el 2016 hasta el 2022, utilizando la metodología PRISMA en las bases de datos PubMed, ScienceDirect (Elsevier), Web of Science, LILACS, BVS y ProQuest. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 367 documentos, de los cuales, 24 artículos fueron seleccionados para la revisión. Mediante un análisis temático se definieron cuatro temas principales: humanización de la atención, la familia como elemento fundamental en la humanización de los servicios, comunicación y gestión ética de los recursos tecnológicos como eje humanizador, y la importancia de la relación profesional de enfermería - paciente como componente fundamental en la humanización sanitaria a la luz de la teoría humanista de Peplau. Conclusiones: fue posible brindar un cuidado humanizado a los pacientes internados en una UCI COVID, a la luz de las relaciones interpersonales, aprovechando las herramientas tecnológicas disponibles, entendiendo que estos recursos son un medio y sitúa al paciente como el único fin de la atención del profesional de enfermería.
Mortalidad materno-infantil entre las localidades de Bogotá D.C. según terciles de pobreza, 2011-2021
Authors: Montenegro Martínez Gino , Acosta Romo María Fernanda
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: analizar la mortalidad materno-infantil entre las localidades de Bogotá D.C. según terciles de pobreza para el periodo 2011-2021. Metodología: diseño ecológico longitudinal con información retrospectiva. Los indicadores de salud se tomaron del Observatorio de Salud de Bogotá; los datos de pobreza monetaria corresponden a las mediciones de la Encuesta Multipropósito de Bogotá D.C. Se realizó un análisis del comportamiento de las tendencias mediante la regresión de Jointpoint. Para la medición de la desigualdad de los resultados en salud entre las localidades según terciles de pobreza, se utilizó el Índice Relativo de Desigualdad (IRD).  Resultados: los indicadores de salud se comportan de manera distinta entre las agrupaciones de localidades por terciles de pobreza. Se identificaron desigualdades en el comportamiento de la mortalidad en menores de 5 años por terciles de pobreza en Bogotá D.C, los cuales se mantuvieron a lo largo del periodo de observación. Para el caso de la mortalidad perinatal, mortalidad infantil y mortalidad materna, se presentaron desigualdades para algunos años del periodo 2011-2021. Conclusiones: los resultados de este estudio permiten entender las dinámicas de las desigualdades en salud materno-infantil, a partir de lo cual, los profesionales de salud pueden desempeñar un rol activo en la formulación de políticas de salud y en la promoción de un enfoque integral, integrado y equitativo en salud.
¿Por qué son importantes las teorías del cuidado de enfermería?
Authors: Escobar Orozco Carmen Adriana
Published: July 2024

La historia de la enfermería profesional Inició con Florence Nightingale, pionera de la práctica y la educación en enfermería. Florence visionó que el desarrollo de la enfermería como profesión y disciplina requería de las teorías. Las teorías entendidas como un conjunto de conceptos y presupuestos, relacionados entre sí, que contemplan el campo de acción en la práctica, la enseñanza y la Investigación, describen los conceptos y proposiciones relacionadas con la enfermería y como se visiona el mundo, lo cual hace diferente la enfermería de otras ciencias de la salud (1).
Integrated assessment of decentralized wastewater treatment plants in a semi-arid region in Bolivia
Authors: Echeverría Ivette , Escalera Ramiro , Saavedra Oliver , Aliaga Gabriel , Montoya Renato
Published: July 2024

This study comprehensively evaluates four wastewater treatment plants intended for agricultural reuse in a semi-arid low-moderate temperature region. It considers environmental, technical, economic, and social perspectives. Anaerobic baffled reactors with hybrid gravel filters (ABR + HGF + VGF) proved the most efficient, with moderate requirements in space, O&M, and energy, albeit the highest treatment cost. Up-flow sludge blanket reactor with activated sludge (UASB + AS) demonstrated high efficiency and compactness, with moderate treatment costs. However, it incurred high energy demands, complex O&M, and more sludge generation. UASB with horizontal gravel filter (UASB + HGF) was among the most land-intensive systems, with moderate costs and O&M requirements, and low energy consumption. However, it fell short of meeting certain environmental criteria. ABR with stabilization ponds (ABR + PONDS) emerged as the most economical, with low energy consumption, but was also among the most land-intensive and failed to achieve adequate effluent quality. Socially, all WWTPs were well accepted for agricultural reuse benefits. In terms of odor perception, UASB + AS and ABR + HGF + VGF exhibit the lowest impact. The Most Appropriate Treatment Technology Index ranked ABR + HGF + VGF and UASB + AS as adequate technologies, while UASB + HGF and ABR + PONDS were poorly adequate. The study recommends a four-dimensional assessment for selecting the most suitable technology, considering the specific context.
Using Radar Rainfall to Explain the Occurrence of a 2012 Soil Slip Near Mt. LeConte, TN, USA
Authors: Keaton Jeffrey R.
Published: July 2024

A storm on August 5, 2012, triggered a soil slip that mobilized into a debris flow in a relatively remote part of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 2 km southwest of Mt. LeConte, TN. A rain gauge at Mt. LeConte Resort, recorded manually at 07:00 Eastern Time each day, reported 92.46 mm of rainfall on August 6, 2012, to the National Weather Service. Near Composite Reflectivity (NCR) and Digital Precipitation Array (DPA) products from the Knoxville, TN, NEXRAD Doppler weather radar station for August 5 and 6, 2012, were used to infer the storm's rainfall intensity and duration details. NCR products consist of the maximum radar reflectivity value from all 14 elevation angles scanned for each 1.09 km2 cell, which users must convert to precipitation depth. DPA products are rain rate (in./hr) calculated with a National Weather Service model that uses radar reflectivity and automated rain gauge measurements to assign regional bias factors to each complete radar scan of the atmosphere surrounding the radar station using a national grid system composed of 17.12 km2 cells. Cumulative NCR inferred rain depth was 90.65 mm at the Mt. LeConte gauge location and 69.23 mm at the soil slip location. The cumulative DPA rain depth was 47.64 mm at the gauge. The maximum 15 minute NCR precipitation intensity was 39.61 mm/hr at the Mt. LeConte gauge location and 63.24 mm/hr at the soil slip location. The timing of the soil slip probably coincided with a 20-minute-long interval of maximum intensity precipitation.
Editorial
Authors: Adriane C. Kasprowicz
Published: July 2024

Editorial
A importância do livro didático na formação dos professores de Biologia do Timor-Leste e o português como língua de instrução
Authors: Joicelene Regina Lima da Paz  , André Luiz da Costa Moreira  , Umberto Euzébio
Published: July 2024

O Timor-Leste é um país asiático de língua portuguesa que está em fase de estruturação como nação. Ele conta com a cooperação brasileira na área de educação, a qual se dá na formação de professores e na produção de materiais didáticos em português. Este estudo propôs-se a analisar a formação dos professores timorenses de Biologia, bem como a diagnosticar as ferramentas pedagógicas mais adequadas para o ensino. As observações foram realizadas entre dezembro de 2009 e agosto de 2010, no curso de formação de professores (n = 29) do Bacharelato de Emergência em Biologia. Elaboraram-se técnicas e dinâmicas para mediação do diálogo dos professores em formação e disponibilizaram-se diferentes materiais didáticos, a fim de potencializar o desempenho dos docentes. Ao longo das atividades foram selecionados mais de 200 materiais bibliográficos, que serviram de subsídios para o desenvolvimento das propostas pedagógicas dos professores timorenses. Os livros didáticos foram as ferramentas pedagógicas mais mencionadas e solicitadas ao longo do curso de formação, em virtude da inexistência deles na língua oficial (português). Assim, sugere-se a mudança de parâmetros para que fundamentem de modo efetivo a reformulação das propostas curriculares em Timor-Leste, principalmente nas disciplinas de Ciências Naturais, a fim de que consigam ser interpretadas dentro do contexto e da realidade timorense.