bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Al and Autonomous Systems: An Experiment in Industry 5.0 Transformation
Authors: Natalia Verstina , Singh Bisht Yashwant , Kumar Prabhakar Pranav , Arora Rishabh , K Mishra Sudipta , Rajasekhar N.
Published: January 2024

Important practical consequences are shown in this experimental study of AI and autonomous systems integration in the context of Industry 5.0. AI optimization of the product manufacturing process resulted in a 35% decrease in the real faulty rate and a significant 20% rise in production rates, reaching an actual rate of 1440 units per hour. The actual defective rate was just 1.3%. Since autonomous robots were introduced, work completion rates have increased by 18%, totaling 2,520 tasks completed, and maintenance expenses have decreased by 9%, amounting to a $450 real cost savings. Furthermore, with an actual faulty rate of 2.6%, the AI-driven quality control method showed an astounding 35% decrease in defective goods. Ultimately, significant 15% energy consumption decrease was accomplished using AI-based energy optimization solutions, translating into real energy savings of 1,500 kWh. These results highlight the real advantages of combining AI and Autonomous Systems in Industry 5.0, such as increased productivity, lower costs, better product quality, and sustainability.
Real-Time Traffic Management in Smart Cities: Insights from the Traffic Management Simulation and Impact Analysis
Authors: Dmitrieva Ekaterina , Pathani Ashish , Pushkarna Gaurav , Acharya Puja , Rana Manju , Surekha P.
Published: January 2024

Using simulation and empirical data analysis, this research examines the efficacy of real-time traffic control in smart cities. Traffic data collected in real time from strategically placed sensors shows that traffic volume was reduced by 8.33% on Main Street after a traffic light timing change was implemented. Traffic volume at Highway Junction was also significantly reduced by 5.56% as a result of traffic sign updates. On the other hand, interventions result in a relatively small decrease in traffic volume (2.78%) in the City Center. The influence of these actions is shown by the traffic simulation models, which show average vehicle speeds rising from 25 to 28 mph on Main Street, 45 to 50 mph at Highway Junction, and 30 to 32 mph in the Residential Area. The aforementioned research highlights the crucial function of data-driven decision-making in traffic management, guaranteeing effective distribution of resources and quantifiable enhancements in urban mobility. Urban planners and legislators may use these discoveries to build smart cities that are more accessible, sustainable, and efficient.
Optimizing City Services through Data-Driven Dynamic Urban Communication: A Communication Efficiency Test
Authors: Rinat Khusnutdinov , Ghalwan Manish , Kaur Namita , Arora Rishabh , Banerjee Alina , Lavanya G.
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to examine how data-driven dynamic urban communication affects the effectiveness and optimization of vital municipal services in a variety of contexts. Interestingly, waste management IoT sensors have an efficiency score of 9, which is remarkable and indicates the promise of data-driven approaches in this industry. An impressive 4.3 user satisfaction rating highlights how well these technologies are received. Additionally, data-driven communication techniques provide affordable options, as seen by their $2.5 service request cost, which highlights the possibility of more efficient resource allocation. This study offers strong proof that data-driven communication benefits both municipal service providers and people by increasing service consumption and lowering response times to around 5.2 minutes.
Expedient Structures for Safeguarding Aircraft Parking Areas from Climatic Impact: An In-depth Exploration
Authors: Maksudovna Vafaeva Khristina , Kumar Saxena Anil , Khatkar Monika , Devi Sarita , Ledalla Sukanya
Published: January 2024

This research delves into the study and analysis of diverse expedient structures designed to protect aircraft parking areas from the influence of various climatic conditions. The article scrutinizes tent, arched, and rigid constructions, outlining their primary advantages, drawbacks, and application domains. Special emphasis is placed on achieving a balance between costs and requirements, as well as selecting the optimal construction type based on climatic conditions and economic factors. Matters of durability, strength, and stability of the constructions are discussed, accompanied by recommendations for making informed decisions when choosing a structure for safeguarding aircraft parking areas. In conclusion, the authors underscore the significance of conducting additional research and evaluating the long-term effectiveness of each construction type for a more qualitative and well-informed decision-making process. This article provides essential recommendations and conclusions that can prove valuable for engineers, designers, and specialists in the field of aviation infrastructure.
Food packaging based on biodegradable polymers from seaweeds: a systematic review
Authors: Akbar Said Ali , Mustari Andi
Published: January 2024

As a result of its brief lifespan, food packaging contributes significantly to environmental contamination through the rapid accumulation of plastic in the environment. In order to mitigate these impacts and provide a food packaging solution that is more environmentally sustainable, researchers have created biodegradable and biobased polymers, which are presently being introduced to the market. The current state of research regarding the incorporation of seaweed into food packaging and active packaging is summarized in this study. In order to emphasize the benefits of polysaccharides and draw attention to the constraints of current research, this study also presents a synopsis of the effects of seaweed incorporation on a range of properties, including chemical, physical, thermal, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and mechanical attributes, in addition to the release of active compounds. A multitude of polysaccharides, including those found in seaweed, have the potential to enhance the antibacterial, thermal, and mechanical properties of these polymers, among other attributes. In addition to increasing hydrophilicity and mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation at break, they suggest employing it as active packaging. This is feasible as a result of the antioxidant properties of seaweed, which inhibit lipid oxidation and decrease toxic, mutagenic, or carcinogenic free radicals, thereby extending the nutritional value and shelf life of food. Certain varieties of seaweed have exhibited the capacity to impede the proliferation of bacteria classified as gram-positive and gram-negative. Thus, their prospective application as antimicrobial packaging is indicated.
Microplastics contamination in bivalves off the island in the strait of malacca and its potential health risks
Authors: Miskon Fuad , Ghazali Intan Noor Munira , Faudzi Fikriah , Yusof Fitri , Razali Azaima , Ramli Muhammad Zahir , Hassan Noor Artika , Kasmuri Norhafezah
Published: January 2024

The widespread presence of microplastics in the ocean is a significant threat to marine life and humans. A study was conducted to investigate the extent of microplastic contamination in the coastal waters of Langkawi and Penang, situated on the northern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Rock oysters (Saccostrea cucullata) were utilized as bioindicators due to its availability in all sampling sites to evaluate microplastics,by considering its abundance, types, polymer composition, and potential health risks related to consumption. Soft tissues were digested with 10% KOH, and the resulting microplastics were examined using a stereo microscope and microplastics polymer were identified through ATR-FTIR. Kok Beach and Penarak Beach exhibited notably higher microplastic abundance, mainly in the form of filaments with predominant black and red colours. The most common polymer types were cellulose triacetate (CTA) and polycyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate (PCT). Hazard Quotient values, indicating potential health risks from consuming S. cucullata, surpassed a critical threshold at all locations. The study's findings suggest that it serves as a fundamental reference for future research on microplastic contamination in the islands along the northern coast of Peninsular Malaysia.
Seaweed-based biosorbent for the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants from water: a systematic review
Authors: Akbar Said Ali , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa
Published: January 2024

Inadequately treated or untreated wastewater contributes substantially to the discharge of undesirable and hazardous substances into aquatic environments. Serious concerns are raised when certain pollutants become persistent and bioaccumulative upon release into the environment. Despite the existence of alternative wastewater treatment technologies, adsorption has consistently demonstrated its efficacy in the treatment of wastewater originating from diverse industrial sources. Adsorption is selected as the optimal method due to its numerous benefits, which include greater efficacy, reduced cost, and convenient accessibility in comparison to alternative treatments. Biosorption using naturally occurring seaweeds can, however, remove contaminants from a variety of sources, including heavy metals, nitrogen, phosphorus, and phenolic compounds, and dyes from the paper, textile, and printing industries. Biosorption utilizing seaweed has surfaces as a feasible substitute for existing technologies in the effective elimination of these pollutants from effluent on account of its environmentally sustainable nature, readily available resources, and cost-effectiveness. An economical adsorbent known as seaweed is examined in this article in order to remove contaminants from effluent. In an extensive table, the application of seaweed in effluent treatment is detailed. The majority of studies, according to published research, have utilized simulated wastewater; biosorption using seaweed to remediate actual wastewater has received less attention.
Analysis of the levels of pollution in the Ujong Pancu Beach on Physical-Chemical Quality
Authors: Rusydi Ichsan , Irwan Irwan , Afdhal El Rahimi Sayyid , Ali Akbar Said , Amelia Karla , Muhammad Muhammad , Qowiyul Rahman Heru , Safir Alwan Nurza Imam
Published: January 2024

Checking and monitoring water quality pollution is an important thing to do. In general, tourist areas are more susceptible to water pollution. The Peukan Bada subdistrict area has Ujung Pancu beach with a length of ± 2 km and is a marine area that plays an important role for the surrounding community. The development of human activities that occur around coastal areas will have an impact on water pollution. The aim of this research is to determine the level of pollution that occurs in the waters of Ujung Pancu Beach using the Pollution Index method based on physicochemical measurements. Water quality values are measured based on water quality standards for marine tourism purposes in the Minister of Environment Decree No. 22 of 2021. Based on the results of the analysis carried out, the result was that the level of pollution obtained was moderate pollution. The average value obtained at high tide is around 8.09 and at low tide around 8.47. Overall, the water quality parameters of Ujung Pancu beach need to be considered so that they are maintained so that they do not have a negative impact on tourist visits and marine tourism activities.
Providing different natural feeds on the growth rate of tor soro larvae
Authors: Ismarica Ismarica , Hafiansyah Mohammad , Arisa Iko Imelda
Published: January 2024

Tor soro is an Indonesian freshwater fish that is threatened with extinction. Preventing the extinction of the Tor soro fish is by carrying out cultivation activities. This research aims to determine the impact of providing different varieties of natural feed on the growth rate of Tor soro. Completely Randomised Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments (A; Artemia salina 21 days, B; Artemia salina 7 days and Tubifex sp. 14 days, C; Daphnia sp. 21 days, D; Daphnia sp. 7 days and Tubifex sp.14 days) was the method used in this research. Fish maintenance is for 21 days with a feeding frequency of twice (morning and evening). The results of the ANOVA test showed that giving different natural feeds impacts absolute length growth and specific growth rate, but does not significantly differ the survival rate of Tor soro fish larvae. The highest absolute length growth was 1.07 ± 0.01 cm and 0,036±0,025 g of the absolute weight growth. the difference in days of feeding impacts fish growth because the protein contained in Tor soro fish feed varies (Treatment B). The conclusion obtained from this research was that the highest value was found in treatment B.
An update review: several extraction methods for collagen isolation in vertebrate fish
Authors: Isnaini Nadia , Prajaputra Vicky , Luthfanna Siti Khalila , Sari Irma
Published: January 2024

Fish are vertebrate animals with a backbone that live in marine environments, presenting a potential source of collagen due to their high protein content. Collagen is a structural protein in the body's connective tissue, contributing 25 to 30% of the total body protein. Collagen sources in fish can be found in the skin, scales, and bones. The isolation of collagen from fish involves several stages, including separation and cleaning, size reduction, removal of non-collagenous components, collagen extraction, and precipitation. The extraction method utilized in collagen isolation impacts the quantity of collagen produced. The aim of this literature review is to identify extraction methods applicable for collagen isolation in vertebrate fish, serving as a reference for selecting extraction methods in future research. The updated review method involved collecting journal data from various literature sources, obtained from national and international journals discussing collagen extraction methods in vertebrate fish. Based on the update review, the isolation of collagen from vertebrate fish is carried out using several extraction methods, including acid soluble collagen extraction, pepsin soluble collagen, water soluble collagen, organic acid ultrasound-assisted, extrusion hydro extraction, deep eutectic solvent, and supercritical fluid extraction.
The impact of fresh and artificial diet on growth and survival rate of spiny lobster, Panulirus homarus reared in floating net cage
Authors: Astuti Ni Wayan Widya , Sudewi Sudewi , Slamet Bejo , Fahrudin Fahrudin , Giri I. Nyoman Adiasmara
Published: January 2024

Some research found that the growth of lobster was higher when fed with fresh diet than artificial diet. Therefore, the growth of lobster that is fed with combination of fresh and artificial diets need to be observed. This study aimed to evaluate different kinds of feed and its combination on growth and survival rate of spiny lobster Panulirus homarus. This research was designed with three treatments and three replicates, namely: lobster fed with fresh diet (A), lobster fed with artificial diet (dry pellet) (B), and lobster fed with combination of fresh and artificial diets (C). Lobsters with an average weight 100.30 ±0.79 g were reared in floating net cage with dimension 2×2×2 m3 at density 40 lobsters/cage. Lobsters were fed twice a day at 08.30 am and 03.30 pm. Fresh diets that were given contained fresh fish, shrimp, crabs and mussels (3:1:1:1). The observation was conducted for 18 weeks. Results of the experiment were lobsters fed with fresh diets (A) and combination of fresh and artificial diets (C) gave higher specific growth rate (0.62±0.03 %/day and 0.61±0.03 %/day) than lobster fed with artificial diets (B) (0.33±0.01 %/day). There were not significantly differences in survival rate of lobster (p<0.05).
Shark and ray monitoring on the marine critical habitat in Aceh Province
Authors: Fajri Ilham , M Simeon Benaya , Ula Shoimatul , Banda Naira Kusuma , Muttaqin Efin , Damora Adrian , Djamani Rianjuanda , Bustamam Bustamam
Published: January 2024

Aceh is the leading province in Indonesia, where the marine protection area for juvenile sharks and rays was first established, precisely in Aceh Jaya waters. Rigaih is the fishing port located closest to Aceh Jaya waters, where the angler fish closely with the marine protected area and even intersect with the juvenile’s habitat. This study aimed to examine shark and ray catches in Aceh Jaya before and after establishing the marine protection area. We conducted landing monitoring from 2017 to 2019 (before establishing a conservation area) and monitored in 2020 when the conservation area was established. We recorded that 73% of sharks and ray caught on set gill net. The composition of sharks and rays landed at PPI Rigaih consisted of Sphyrna lewini (75%, n=1783), Chiloscyllium punctatum (8%), Neotrygon caeruleopunctata (7%, n =175), and other species (10%). This study aimed to provide scientific recommendations to support shark conservation action in Aceh Jaya Waters. We found that Aceh Jaya waters are an important area for the life stages of several threatened species, including Scalloped Hammerhead Sharks (S.lewini) and Bottlenose Wedgefish (R.australiae) that are listed in Critically Endangered and listed in Appendix II CITES. Management to support the conservation action needs to be strengthened not only limited to Marine Protected Areas but also fisheries management to reduce the incidental catch of threatened sharks and ray species. Further studies need to be conducted to delineate the habitat range of threatened shark and ray species and identify fishing behaviours that pose a risk for incidental catches of sharks and rays.
Performance comparison of transcritical cycle and organic Rankine cycle coupled with Chingshui geothermal reservoir
Authors: Lin Jun-Han , Hsieh Jui-Ching , Yeh Tzu-Chuan
Published: January 2024

The Chingshui geothermal field stands out as the most significant geothermal field in Taiwan. Understanding the sustainability of geothermal energy is important for its long-term use. In the present study, a numerical model Chingshui reservoir based on geological conditions is developed by using a thermal-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) model in the COMSOL to evaluate the depth’s effect of the production well on the different binary cycles. The thermodynamic cycles of two configurations, namely the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and transcritical Rankine cycle (TRC), are established by using MATLAB and coupled with the Chingshui reservoir through the COMSOL Livelink module. The study focuses on different well depths’ effects on the cycle performance. The results show the system efficiencies of the ORC and TRC under different well depths were 5.77% and 13.76%, and 9.64% and 16.31%, respectively.
Effect of voltage supply unbalance on temperature distribution of three-phase induction motor
Authors: Kastawan I. Made Wiwit , Raharjo Parno , Kurnia Mutiara Zahra
Published: January 2024

Three-phase induction motor is the most popular kind of electric motor used in industrial applications. To operate in ideal condition, a three-phase induction motor should work on balance three-phase voltage supply. Unfortunately, it is often found that a three-phase induction motor operates under unbalance three-phase voltage supply. A three-phase induction motor operate under unbalance three-phase voltage supply shows different performances to that operate under balance three-phase voltage supply. In this paper, effect of three-phase voltage supply unbalance on temperature distribution of a three-phase induction motor is analysed. Three different laboratory experiment have been set-up. The first one is a three-phase induction motor connected to balance three-phase voltage supply. The second one is a three-phase induction motor connected to magnitude unbalance of three-phase voltage supply. The magnitude unbalance is set at 3%, 4% and 5%. The last one is a three-phase induction motor connected to magnitude and phase unbalances of three-phase voltage supply. Considering high temperature that may occurs, experiment under magnitude and phase unbalances is run only for 3% and 2° of magnitude and phase unbalances respectively. For each experiment set-up, the motor load is varied at 0%, 50% and 70% of its nominal load. Experiment data show that the higher the unbalance level, the higher temperature of three-phase induction motor. The temperature at motor bearing is higher than temperature at motor body. Most non-ideal condition is when the motor supplied by three-phase voltage source with magnitude and phase unbalances.
Fabrication of the mini multi-function pepper machine
Authors: Md Hamdan Lailatul Hamidah , Mohd Yusop Mohd Ashadi , Naroh Azmi , Anak Tader Mojig Melvin Mclair , Anak Rady Ranwell Andang , Anak Phillip Annabel Shinan Muntai , Pandy Kashmira
Published: January 2024

Pepper is one of the most significant agricultural products in Sarawak, Malaysia currently in the fifth largest pepper producer in the world after Vietnam, India, Brazil and Indonesia. Black pepper and white pepper both come from the same plant, but they are prepared differently. Black pepper is made by cooking dried unripe fruit, meanwhile white pepper is made by cooking and drying the ripe seeds. The production contributes to the aspects of economy and plantation rate of the state. However, the process of pepper through manual work is time consuming and a tough process which requires commitment and hard labor from the farmers. Therefore, the objective of this research is to fabricate the Mini Multi-Function Pepper Machine for small or medium enterprise by reducing the time of drying process. This fabrication machine consists of all the procedures involved in the production of white pepper, which are soaking, heating, drying and grinding process. Through the operation observed, this machine was able to undergo production in 208 to 300 minutes for 300g of white pepper, in comparison to the traditional way that needs approximately 1 to 4 weeks to undergo one production batch of white pepper.
Comparison of the effectiveness of micromaterials and nanomaterials of lime as a stabilizing agent for expansive soils on the value of the plasticity index
Authors: Harianja Tami Silvia , Hendry  , Amalia Dewi , Firuliadhim Geni , Muchtar
Published: January 2024

Expansive soils are soils that have high shrinkage expansion. This condition is detrimental to buildings on it. Losses due to swelling and shrinkage in expansive soils require stabilization with quicklime with varying particle sizes of materials needed to reduce soil swelling and shrinkage. Stabilization with nano has been widely used. However, the procurement of nanomaterials is very expensive. Therefore, this paper will explain the effectiveness of micromaterials when compared to nanomaterials. The main focus that will be discussed in this paper is how the comparison of plasticity index (PI) values between micromaterials and quicklime nanomaterials on expansive soils. The research was conducted at the Bandung State Polytechnic Laboratory. This research uses a stabilization method by adding 2% lime per particle size. The procurement price of nanomaterial was Rp. 2,500,000 and micromaterial was Rp. 1,500,000. The plasticity index (PI) test results obtained are the original soil is 35.68%; mixed soil 2% micromaterial lime is 11.51%; and mixed soil 2% nanomaterial lime is 7.62%. The results of PI values < 12 both include low expansive, so the more effective result is the PI condition of adding 2% micromaterial lime with the procurement of cheaper prices.
The effect of waste marble powder and phosphoric acid on the shear angle and cohesion value of expansive soils
Authors: Syahril S. , Nuno Ambrosio Martins , Shaputra M. Rio Eka , Vong Eduardo Amaral
Published: January 2024

In general, the expansive clay soil is a problematic soil due to the impact of climate change, during the rainy season the soil expands, and during the dry season the soil shrinks and cracks. Of these problems, it is necessary to carry out soil stabilization in order to determine the mechanical properties of the soil using the Waste Marble Powder (WMP) and Phosphoric Acid (PA) chemicals. To improve soil characteristics, tests were carried out with a mixture of 2.5%, 4%, 5.5% and 7% WMP, while Phosphoric Acid was a fixed percentage of 4% for the expansive soil. Curing periods of 3 days,7 days, and 14 days were also conducted in this study. According to the test results, the increase in the shear angle value, from originally 6.45° changed to 29.81° which increased by 21.64% of the percentage of the original soil, while the soil cohesion value, from originally 0.37 kg/cm2 changed to 2.25 kg/cm2 which increase of 16.44% in the curing period of 14 days. This increase is caused by chemical reactions that occur as a result of chemical elements, especially calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) contained in marble powder waste, and the mineral phosphorus (P) contained in phosphoric acid chemicals.
Pavement maintenance strategy for Provincial roads in Tarakan City, North Kalimantan
Authors: Utami Retno , Lukman Arbi Parianta , Astor Yackob , Sihombing Atmy Verani R. , Arradzumar G. Farhan , Teofolus C.F.P. Yoshua
Published: January 2024

Tarakan City has several road segments on provincial roads that have experienced significant damage in the form of sinkholes and substantial potholes on the road surface. These deteriorations are primarily attributed to the impact of traffic, excessive traffic loads, subgrade soil conditions that fall short of requirements, and the use of pavement materials that do not meet the specified standards. To devise effective road repair plans, the collection of field data is crucial. Two distinct methods are employed for data collection to assess pavement conditions: the International Roughness Index (IRI) and the Surface Distress Index (SDI). The IRI method measures road roughness using the Rough meter III instrument, while the SDI method focuses on parameters like crack area, crack width, pothole count, and wheel path rut depth. The surveyed road sections encompass Amal Lama, Gunung Selatan, Aji Iskandar, Bhayangkara, Aki Pingka, and the Ring Road of Tarakan City. Research findings reveal the surface damage level of roads in Tarakan City using the SDI and IRI methods, with the following breakdown: roads in good condition account for 42.86%, those in moderate condition make up 51.90%, slightly damaged roads constitute 4.8%, and heavily damaged roads represent 0.44%. Additionally, the study has determined the percentage of each type of maintenance required: Routine Maintenance at 94.77%, Periodic Maintenance at 4.8%, and Reconstruction at 0.44%.
Assessing the sustainability reporting quality of oil & gas companies in Indonesia and Malaysia: Examining the influence of board and CEO chair characteristics
Authors: Burhany Dian Imanina , Syarief Moch. Edman , Setiawan Iwan , Mai Muhamad Umar , Ruhana Nafisah , Jamaluddin Mohd Raziff , Amin Hanudin
Published: January 2024

Presently, companies, particularly those significantly impacting the environment and society, are obliged to report their sustainability-related actions. This research focuses on exploring how the characteristics of the board and the chief executive officer contribute to enhancing the quality of sustainability reporting in Oil & Gas companies operating in Indonesia and Malaysia. The study involves an analysis of 18 companies across the years 2012-2022, forming an unbalanced panel dataset encompassing a total of 178 company-year observations. Utilizing the random effect model, the findings suggest that the board’s size, an independent board, and a CEO with a lengthier tenure significantly contribute to improving the quality of corporate sustainability reporting. On the other hand, the gender diversity of the board and the age of the CEO do not exhibit a significant impact on enhancing the quality of corporate sustainability reporting. This research fills a gap in the existing literature by investigating the correlation between board and CEO characteristics and the quality of sustainability reporting within the Oil & Gas sector, specifically focusing on the Indonesian and Malaysian contexts. Moreover, it offers valuable insights and understanding for industry practitioners.
Web-based development of HEPAS
Authors: Zani Nurzawani binti Mohamad , Nasir Nurul Nisa binti Mohd , Wahab Herman Nordiadi bin Abd
Published: January 2024

The HEPAS (HEP Application Letter Approval System) system was developed to facilitate HEP (Student Affairs) to generate approval letters efficiently and systematically. This system was developed because there are often dropouts in processing confirmation letters submitted by Polytechnic Kuching Sarawak students. The HEPAS system is a web-based system and has been developed using PHP, HTML, CSS and JavaScript programming languages. The development of this system also involves XAMPP as a server and PHPMyAdmin as a database used to store all the data sent through the HEPAS system. Application for a confirmation letter by students through the HEPAS system will be sent to the system administrator which is HEP for the process of generating the confirmation letter. Based on the results of the tests carried out, overall the HEPAS system is 100% working well. With this system in place, it can help the HEP to manage confirmation letter applications more effectively and efficiently, thereby increasing HEP’s productivity in managing students.
Effectiveness of industrial training among Politeknik Kuching Sarawak students during covid 19 pandemic
Authors: Jantan Mohd Azahar Bin , Radzi Mohamad Bazli Bin Md , Ghazali Muhammad Shahril Bin
Published: January 2024

In 2020 will be remembered as a turning point in human history as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. We have been inundated with data on the progression of the pandemic and the number of illnesses and fatalities that have happened globally from the start of the year until the present. 555 million people have died and 334 million people have been infected overall. Nearly all nations employ lock-downs or movement restrictions, as advised by WHO, to break the pandemic network. Malaysia has established a Movement Control Order (PKP) that will go into effect on March 18, 2020, thus it is not an exception. Every aspect of life may be impacted by its impact on society. This study discusses the reactions of Kuching Sarawak Polytechnic Industrial Training students to the COVID-19 outbreak. It’s the end result of a quantitative study. Information acquired through online surveys with open-ended questions. A descriptive analysis of the data was conducted.
Developing food security with sustainable agricultural land policies: A systematic review
Authors: Chairunnisya R. Ayu , Jamil Ali
Published: January 2024

This article analyses how Law No. 41/2009 on the Protection of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land (PLP2B) is applied in Indonesia. The PRISMA method was used to perform a systematic review of relevant literature from 2013 to 2023. The findings of the systematic study indicate Indonesia’s growing recognition of sustainable food production and agricultural land protection. The majority of the research was conducted on Java Island, with the remaining conducted throughout Indonesia. The majority of the research was conducted on Java, with the remainder conducted throughout Indonesia. The systematic literature review also discovered a growing interest at various levels of government in addressing SFAL issues, with a focus on municipal and national policies. Policy implementation, environmental concerns, food security, and legal regulations are among the key problems addressed. Complex linkages between economic, ecological, and social issues, the need for a robust legislative framework, data quality, and stakeholder participation are among the hurdles of SFAL policy implementation. This article emphasizes the significance of a comprehensive policy approach, correct data, and stakeholder participation in order to achieve sustainable food production and PSFAL policy implementation. It provides viewpoints and insights on the problems of PSFAL policy implementation, as well as gaps for future study in this field to assist global food security while maintaining environmental sustainability.
SME’s household work time in Sawahlunto City West Sumatera Indonesia
Authors: Analia Devi , Hafizah Dian , Astuti Nuraini Budi , Irdi Fadhira
Published: January 2024

This study analyses the outpouring of household work time for cassava cracker business actors in Sawahlunto City, West Sumatera Indonesia. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative and descriptive quantitative with a survey approach. The sampling method is simple random sampling of 25 households. The data collection method used was interviews using an interview guide. The results of the study show that female workers devote more time to MSME businesses. The amount of working time for women is 10.88 HOK/month. Meanwhile, male workers devote their working time to 6.25 HOK/month. They carry out production activities every 3-7 times a week. The price of cassava crackers ranges from IDR 15,000-35,000/kg. In cassava farming and other productive activities, male workers devote more of their working time than female workers. Male workers devote their working time to cassava farming of 3.14 HOK/month and to other productive activities of 4.58 HOK/month.
Practical electronic maintenance and repair technique to support sustainability development
Authors: Putro Trisno Yuwono , Andini Dianthika Puteri , Parlindungan Robinsar
Published: January 2024

Electronic Maintenance and Repair is fundamentally a combination of theoretical and practical learning to support higher education in the vocational or polytechnic specialization. This material is outlined in a course by conducting experiments with existing problems with objects that are students in practicum classes. In this practice, it is explained about the specifications, damage, ways of measuring and diagnosing damage based on the Project Based Learning (PBL) method. All Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) are explained in Job Safety Analysis (JSA) and Job Safety Operation (JSO) followed by different circuits and work steps for each electronic circuit. In actual fact, after this method is applied, students can determine and make specifications for an electronic equipment/system, understand and also complete calculations about reliability and failure in electronic systems. One more thing is to recognize damage and how to measure electronic components both passive and active. It is also explaining work principles and looking for damage to a simple digital and analog electronic circuit. In the process, this method experiments with various circuits by measuring normal conditions and damage according to the given switch. The entire measurement method is performed through the specified testing point thereby analysis can be implemented based on the comparison of measurement results under normal conditions and damage. Based on the results of data and analysis of student response results aspects of PBL can be applied to tackle and solve the problems diagnosed by damaged conditions of the circuits. It can be used as MR Electronics practicum to gain and collaborate based on theory and data analysis.
Experiments in the development of porous concrete as an environmentally friendly alternative to road pavement
Authors: Diyanti  , Supomo Fani Yayuk , Halief Kartini , Mandasari Febry , Irawan Rulli Ranastra
Published: January 2024

Road infrastructure development must prioritize safety and environmental aspects in addition to road stability. Porous concrete is a road pavement technology that looks at this aspect. Developed countries like Japan have used porous concrete for roads with high traffic. In this research, experiments were carried out related to porous concrete to determine the compressive strength and percolation obtained, so that it can be used as an alternative road pavement. The research method involves direct testing in the laboratory using two samples with different preparation materials. The test results showed that the average compressive strength of porous concrete for 28 days was 26.5 Mpa and the percolation obtained was 323.75 liters/minute/m2, so it can be proven that it can be used as road pavement for low traffic and has high water absorption capacity.
Environmental implications of styrofoam waste and its utilization as lightweight fill material for embankment construction
Authors: Febriansya Aditia , Iskandar  , Amalia Dewi , Indah Risma Nur , Widyaningsih Yulia
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the adverse effects of styrofoam waste on the environment due to its non-biodegradable nature and persistence in natural ecosystems, encompassing issues such as visual pollution, habitat disruption, and potential health risks to flora and fauna. The research also delves into the feasibility of repurposing styrofoam waste as a lightweight fill material in embankment construction, aiming to improve the performance of such structures, with the primary objective of augmenting the structural performance of such constructions. The paper conducts an extensive assessment of the technical properties and engineering characteristics of a soil-styrofoam mixture. Key parameters under scrutiny encompass density, shear strength, and bearing capacity behaviors. Various proportions of styrofoam, specifically 0.0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% by weight, were systematically incorporated into the soil mixture. Based on this study, the use of styrofoam can reduce the maximum dry density of the soil mixture, but still has the desired bearing capacity. These results indicate that the reuse of Styrofoam waste as an additional material in embankment construction has great potential to improve the performance and sustainability of embankment projects.
Characteristics of the static and dynamic operating modes of the asynchronous generator in renewable energy sources and the production of electric energy control through a frequency converter
Authors: Pirmatov Nurali , Mahamadjonov Sodiqjon , Matqosimov Muhammadsodiq , Haydarov Humoyun
Published: January 2024

This article considers the use of an asynchronous genarator excitable through capacitor elements in mini and micro hydropower plants in the case of rational use of renewable energy sources, and the different operating modes and different work savings of this asynchronous generator, and the current and voltage changes and their haracteristics.
Optimization of accumulation and pumping periods during well cyclic operation
Authors: Galeev Akhmetsalim , Larin Peter , Suleymanov Rais , Filimonov Oleg
Published: January 2024

In this work, the authors have expanded the boundaries of the scientific and methodological foundations of the effective operation of wells in the short-term periodic mode of their operation. Based on the symbiosis of numerical, physico-mathematical and hydrodynamic modeling methods, the mechanism of fluid inflow to the well is investigated, in particular, the need for a differentiated approach to determining the optimal periods of accumulation and drainage of deposits is substantiated in detail. Based on the proposed mathematical formulas, an integral assessment of the variation in the values of the periods of accumulation and selection of liquid was made, which, in conditions of a significant deterioration in the energy state of deposits, will allow the subsurface user to obtain additional oil production from a fund that is low-profitable for habitual operation. The models developed by the authors, describing the dependence of pressure changes on time when working in a short-term periodic mode, have a wide range of use due to their adaptation to various mining and geological conditions of field development.
Prediction of optimal coagulant and flocculant dosage for water treatment at surface water intake
Authors: Yalaletdinova Alina , Malkova Maria , Vozhdaeva Margarita , Serebryakov Pavel , Kantor Olga , Kantor Evgeny
Published: January 2024

Reagent treatment is one of the main methods of source water treatment in water supply plants. Suitable values of coagulant and flocculant doses, as a rule, are selected experimentally, and do not vary depending on seasonal changes in indicators. Therefore, to achieve high efficiency of water treatment, there is a need to determine the doses of coagulant and flocculant for the whole year and for separate seasonal periods in order to compare them. Regression analysis allowed us to quantitatively describe the relationships between turbidity, color, oxidizability and hardness of the source water and reagent doses. At the same time the significance of the influence of the listed indicators on the value of coagulant and flocculant doses was determined. The multifactorial relationship between the water quality indicators at the water source (turbidity, color, oxidizability and general hardness) and the parameters of water treatment processes (dosage of coagulant and flocculant) was studied for both the annual cycle and for specific shorter time periods. Calculation of coagulant and flocculant doses for the entire annual period of the water source in practice, makes it possible to predict suitable doses of reagents before trial coagulation. The equations obtained for individual periods take into account the influence of individual factors, and, therefore, will allow to increase the efficiency of water treatment process control, reduce the consumption of reagents and significantly increase the barrier role of water treatment facilities.
Analysis of the level regime of the Iga river of the Nizhnevartovsk district of the Khanty-Mansi autonomous district Siberia
Authors: Tusupbekov Zhanbolat , Popova Natalia , Ryapolova Natalia , Nadtochiy Victoria , Kuznetsova Tatiana
Published: January 2024

Obtaining hydrological information in general, as well as determining the estimated water levels on water bodies, are mostly associated with the construction of hydraulic structures that allow the use of water for the needs of the national economy. The oil production industry is widely developed on the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. Often oil and gas fields are located in sparsely populated areas where there is no information about the hydrological regime of watercourses. In order to ensure the safe operation of construction projects, there is a need to obtain hydrological information for crossed or nearby watercourses. Thus, this type of work is performed almost everywhere to solve similar problems. In this article, studies of the Iga River, located in the right bank of the Ob River, were carried out. To identify the degree of influence of the river level in different periods of the year, hydrological calculations of spring floods and rain floods were performed. Based on the calculations, a graph of the relationship between costs and levels was constructed. To determine the possible backup of the level of the Ob River to the level regime of the Iga River during periods of high waters, the levels of the Ob River were determined. Based on the analysis of joint levels, a conclusion was made about the influence of the Ob on the hydrological regime of the Iga River
Green spaces system analysis and assessment of plantings’ ecological state in Minsk city applying geoinformation technologies
Authors: Shchasnaya Iryna , Rondak Ulyana
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of public green spaces system of Minsk city exploration and assessment of their plantings’ ecological state, implemented with applying geoinformation technologies. To conduct the study, the information about spatial distribution features of green spaces system parameters, urban planning indicators and the ecological state of atmospheric air was selected and ranked (groups 1-9). Using this data set, in ArcGIS program with its additional Spatial Analyst module territory modeling was implemented and an original assessment map of Minsk city, which shows various favorability degrees areas (6-1) for green spaces system organization, was created. It was revealed that the sites of the lowest favorability degree (1) are concentrated in the southwestern part of the city (Oktyabrsky, Moskovsky, Frunzensky administrative districts). On their territory the ecological condition monitoring of public green spaces was carried out. Within green areas boundaries 74 field areas were laid on which 2220 trees were examined. The assessment of plantings was conducted in stages: an individual assessment of trees based on a set of dendrometric indicators, calculation of tree stands condition indexes, identification of public green spaces ecological state category. The completed assessment became the basis for measures proposal to optimize the green spaces system.
Application of unmanned aircraft vehicles and techniques ground laser scanning for measurement of dimensional and quality indicators of tree stand
Authors: Duhovnik Alesya , Voinash Sergey , Kalimullin Marat , Khusnutdinov Ilnur , Zagidullin Ramil , Zalyakaeva Dinara
Published: January 2024

Currently, the use of measuring methods and laser scanning tools is one of the most relevant and priority areas for solving the problems of monitoring and evaluation of forest plantations. Such measurement can be performed independently or in combination with aerial video shooting, and can also be carried out by ground-based studies on test areas. According to a number of indicators, laser scanning surpasses others known today, such as aerial photography, earth sounding, etc., remote methods for assessing the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the forest fund. The use of aerial and ground-based monitoring of forest areas with the use of lasers makes it possible to achieve high accuracy in determining the main forest taxational parameters. It is advisable to use the formed methodological principles and techniques when developing specific methods for determining indicators as separate factors determining the appropriate types of forest accessibility.
Study of safety and quality indicators of cereals and legumes in the southern part of Russia
Authors: Novichenko Olga , Vilkova Daria , Kutuzov Mikhail , Egorov Mikhail , Grigoryan Lylit
Published: January 2024

The objects of the study were wheat, corn and soybean samples. We carried out studies to determine the quality indicators, as well as the content of grain impurities and insect infestation of the studied samples of the Krasnodar Territory and the Rostov Region. It was determined that the fiber content in the wheat is quite high. It was revealed that the content of pesticides and mycotoxins in wheat, corn and soybean crops are safe food raw materials. Harmful impurities were found in the crops, which indicates that the conditions for growing, processing, transporting and storing grain and leguminous crops are correct. Every safety index at the objects under investigation complies with the requirements of the regulatory documentation.
Diagnosis and chemoprophylaxis of rabbit eymeriosis
Authors: Davlatov R.B. , Khushnazarov A.Kh.
Published: January 2024

This article analyzes the prevalence of rabbit eymeriosis in the rabbit farms of Samarkand, Kashkadarya, Bukhara, Khorezm, Namangan regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. As a result of the research, it was carried out on rabbit-specialized farms of the districts of Bolungur, Jomboy, Urgut, Pastdargom of Samarkand region, Fergana city and Koshtepa of Fergana region, and it was found that eymeriosis in these farms significantly hinders the development of the network. In particular, the prevalence of rabbit eymeriosis has been found to be 42.7% in Bulungur district, 38.4% in Jomboy district, 35.5% in Urgut district, 45.1% in Pastdargom district, and 36.4% in Koshtepa district, Fergana valley, with 37.3% in Fergana rabbit farms. The diagnosis of the disease eymeriosis, which causes great economic damage to their farms, the essence of certain methods used in the diagnosis of the disease and the treatment of preventive measures are described.