bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital subtraction angiography and multislice computed tomography angiography for cervicocranial vessels: comparison of radiation doses
Authors: ÖZDEMİR H. İbrahim , ÇINAR Celal , BOZKAYA Halil , TOPAL Selçuk , ORAN İsmail
Published: December 2019

Aim: In this study our purpose was to compare the digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) techniques in terms of the superiority of diagnosis and radiation doses. Materials and Methods: Forty-six patients (21 men, 25 women) who were subjected to both digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and computed tomography (CT) neck-brain angiographic examinations between January and December 2014 were screened retrospectively. Radiation dose records taken from the cards provided by DSA and CT devices were reviewed. The total DSA [DSA+ tri-dimension (3D) DSA], DSA, 3D-DSA and CTA dose reports were examined separately. Generated 3D images were evaluated by two radiologists who had experience in neuro radiology and interventional radiology at least for five years. Independent samples test and in dual comparisons the paired samples test, were used for statistical analyses. Results: Comparison made between DSA and CTA radiation doses has found that the total dose of total DSA (DSA+3D DSA) was three times and the DSA doses were two times higher than the CTA dose. There was no statistical difference between 3D DSA and CTA doses. CTA is less sensitive than DSA; four of 68 intracranial aneurisms could not be demonstrated with CTA. The radiation doses received by patients did not change with gender. Conclusion: CTA contains less radiation doses in the diagnosis of intracranial aneurisms, but its sensitivity, however, is lower than DSA.
Bornova İlçesi’nde dört okulda ergenlerde internet bağımlılığı ve güvenli internet kullanımının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: SİPAHİ Hilal , KARTAL Ekin , GÖKKILIÇ Berke , DEMİR Hatice , YOLDAŞ Süheyla , YABAR Suna , MAY Özge , ÖZDEMİR Ahmet Enis , SARIGÜL Melek , OĞUZ Vahap Tevfik
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada İzmir‟in nüfusu en büyük ilçelerinden Bornova İlçesi‟nde belirlenen dört pilot okulda internet bağımlılığı prevalansının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışmada araştırma grubunu Bornova ilçesindeki iki devlet ve iki özel okulun 6., 7., 9. ve 10. sınıflarındaki 1035 öğrenci oluşturdu. Veri toplama aracı olarak, Günüç ve Kayri‟nin 2009 yılında geliştirdiği “internet bağımlılık ölçeği” ve kişisel anket formu kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışma grubundaki 1035 öğrencinin 685‟ine ulaşıldı. Formları uygun şekilde doldurmayan 24 öğrenci çalışma dışında bırakıldı; %63,9‟u (n=661) analize alındı. İnternet bağımlılık ölçeğine göre öğrencilerin %37,4‟ü (n=247) internet bağımlısı değilken, %36,9‟u (n=244) risk grubundaydı ve %25,7‟si (n=170) ise internet bağımlısıydı. İnternet bağımlılık durumları ile güvenli internet kullanma (x2=9,013; p=0,011), günlük bilgisayar oyunu oynama (x2=76,556; p=0,000), televizyon izleme (x2=11,859; p=0,003), öğrencinin internet hakkında evde bilgilendirilmesi (x2=19.386; p
Lomber disk herniasyonlu hastalarda, transkutanöz elektriksel sinir stimülasyonu (TENS) ve ultrason uygulamalarının, serum oksidatif stres parametreleri ve idrar kollajen yıkım ürünleri üzerine etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: EĞRİ Özlem , ÖKTEN Mehmet Erdinç , DEVECİ Hülya
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Lomber Disk Hernisi (LDH) tedavisinde yaygın olarak kullanılan fizik tedavi modaliteleri; ultrason, diyadinamik akım, galvanik akım ve transkutanöz elektriksel sinir stimülasyonudur (TENS). Bu çalışmada LDH tedavisinde kullanılan TENS ve ultrason uygulamalarının oksidatif stres düzeyi ve kollajen yıkımı üzerine etkisini göstermeyi ve tedavideki rollerini incelemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmaya 40 LDH tanısı almış hasta ve 30 kişilik kontrol grubu alındı. Hasta gruba 15 seans TENS ve ultrason tedavisi uygulandı. Tedavi öncesi ve sonrası hasta ve kontrol gruplarından serum ve idrar örnekleri alındı. Serum süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), malondialdehit (MDA), glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px) seviyeleri ve idrar kreatin seviyeleri fotometrik yöntemle ölçüldü. İdrar n-telopeptid (NTX) ve serum kemik-alkalen fosfataz (ALP) seviyeleri ELISA yöntemiyle ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Serum MDA ve GSH-Px düzeyleri hasta grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuşken, kemik-ALP ve SOD düzeyleri ile idrar NTX düzeyleri hasta grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak düşük bulunmuştur. Hasta grubunda tedavi öncesi ölçümlerle tedavi sonrasında yapılan ölçümler arasında anlamlı bir değişim bulunmadı. Tedavinin etkinliği; Visual Analog Skala (VAS), Oswestry Engellilik İndeksi, Nottingham Sağlık Profili ölçekleriyle değerlendirildi ve hastaların tedaviden anlamlı düzeyde fayda sağladığı gözlendi.
Sonuç: LDH’li hastalarda oksidatif hasarın hastalık gelişiminde etkili olabileceğini düşünmekteyiz. Ayrıca, bu hastalarda TENS ve ultrason tedavisinin, kısa vadede fonksiyonel rahatlama sağladığını ancak yapısal iyileşmeye yol açmadığını düşünüyoruz.
Primer pilonidal sinüs hastalığı için cerrahi tedavide geniş eksizyon-açık bırakma, primer kapama ve flep uygulama sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması
Authors: ARSLAN Baha , EROL Varlık , ÖZVARDAR PEKCAN Yonca
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada primer pilonidal sinüs nedeni ile ameliyat edilen hastalarda geniş eksizyon sonrası açık bırakma (GE), geniş eksizyon primer kapama (PK) ve flep uygulaması (F) yapılan hastaların sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması planlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Toplam 249 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bu hastaların 12’si nüks hastalık nedeni ile değerlendirme dışı bırakıldı. Hastaların 101’ine GE, 68’ine PK ve 68’ine de F yapılmıştı. Demografik özellikler, semptomların süresi, gluteal kleftin özelliği, perioperatif komplikasyonlar, ameliyat süresi ve hastanede kalış süresi, dren kullanımı ve pansuman durumu patolojik piyes hacmi anüse uzaklık ve hastalığın nüksü kaydedildi.

Bulgular: Ortalama operasyon süresi GE grubunda 32,62±9,65; PK grubunda 53,23±15,40; F grubunda 76,69±17,00 dakika idi (p
Serviks uteri kanserlerinin epidemiyoloji ve sağ kalım özellikleri
Authors: YILDIRIM Nuri , TEREK Mustafa Coşan , AKMAN Levent , ÖZSARAN Zeynep , ALANYALI Senem , HAYDAROĞLU Ayfer , ŞANLI Ulus Ali , GÖKER Erdem , ZEKİOĞLU Osman , ÖZDEMİR Necmettin , ÖZSARAN Ahmet Aydın
Published: January 2020

Amaç: Ege Üniversitesi Hastanesinde 1992-2017 arası kanser tanı ve tedavisi yapılan 2647 serviks uteri kanserinin epidemiyolojik ve sağ kalım özelliklerini analiz etmek ve sonuçları literatürle karşılaştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Ege Üniversitesi Kanserle Savaş Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi tarafından toplanan serviks uteri kanseri verileri CANREG özel bilgisayar programına kaydedilmiş, DSÖ ve SEER sistemleri temelinde gruplanarak analizler yapılmıştır. İstatistik analizlerde Ki-kare, General Linear Model, Kaplan Meier sağ kalım analizleri uygulanmıştır. Kaplan Meier Sağ kalım analizinde LogRank (Mantel-Cox), Breslow (Generalized Wilcoxon) ve Tarone-Ware istatistikleri kullanılmıştır. İstatistik analizlerde p<0.05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Serviks uteri kanserinin jinekolojik kanserler arasında görülme oranı %31,8 olarak saptanmıştır. En sık görüldüğü yaş grubu 40-49’dur. En sık görülen histolojik alt tip, yassı hücreli kanser olup, onu adenokanserler takip etmiştir. Hastalar en sık lokal ileri evrede tanı almaktadır (%47,2). Ortalama sağ kalım süresi 120 ay olarak saptanmıştır. Beş yılık genel sağ kalım oranı %70,4, 10 yıllık genel sağ kalım oranı ise %59,4 olarak bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Serviks uteri kanseri, jinekolojik kanserler arasında önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Hastanemizin 2beş yıllık kayıtları değerlendirildiğinde, demografik verilerin ve histopatolojik bulguların literatür ile uyumlu olduğu, sağ kalım sürelerinin ise gelişmiş ülkeler ile benzer hatta ileri evre olgularda daha iyi olduğu görülmektedir.
Literacy Problems in the New Digital Reality (By the Example of Schoolchildren). Part I
Authors: Lombina Tamara N. , Mansurov Valery A. , Yurchenko Olesya V.
Published: December 2019

Linear printed text and nonlinear hypertext compete for the attention of children and adults. The article will focus on the problems of reading in the new digital reality associated with the emergence of new format texts and changing reading practices. This issue is becoming relevant, as digital reading begins to prevail over traditional, which has an impact on individual readers and on the education system as a whole. This problem remains insufficiently studied in the social Sciences. The first part of the article discusses the possible social and pedagogical consequences of the transition to digital reading in education. A review of scientific research on the problem shows that children understand texts better if they read them on paper. One reason for this is the different purposes with which we read printed and digital texts. Screen reading is more often a means to communicate or to find information, with the result that the mechanism of digital reading can be defined as «read-slip» as opposed to a slower, thoughtful immersion in printed text. The modern education system should provide conditions for the formation of double literacy: traditional and new, which will allow to understand the deep and complex things presented in digital and printed format. The results of the empirical study of reading practices of fourth grade students will be presented in the second part of the article.
The Social and Cultural Adaptation of Immigrants Within the Context of Integration into Russian Society
Authors: Voropaeva Asya V.
Published: December 2019

The paper covers the issue of the social and cultural adaptation and integration of immigrants into Russian society. It is based on sociological studies that were conducted in Moscow, Penza, and Tambov. The analysis of immigrants’ responses to the study reveals difference between social and cultural adaptation in the metropolis and in cities that are located in other Russian regions. These differences relate to the immigrants’ employment, financial status, attitudes towards the culture and traditions of the host community, as well as their outlook regarding society and the future. We believe that it is important to introduce a long-term targeted program in the areas of education and culture for the purpose of facilitating the further adjustment of the second generation of immigrants. We also emphasize the necessity of involving the government in addressing the issue of integrating immigrants’ cultural values in everyday life into Russian society and culture.
The Social and Cultural Practices of Immigrant Adaptation: Notes on the Integration Potential of the Host Society
Authors: Marshak Arkadyi L. , Guzenina Svetlana V.
Published: December 2019

This is an original research paper regarding immigrants’ social and cultural practices within the context of adapting to the host society, in light of said society’s integration potential. Based on the experimental data collected during studies in Moscow, Penza, and Tambov, along with a comparative analysis, we determined that the social and cultural adaptation of immigrants is a multivalent phenomenon. Furthermore, we modeled the social and cultural profile of the average respondent, which varies by region; determined the trends in immigrants’ social attitudes; analyzed their opinions on what future awaits them in Russia; and recorded respondents’ attitudes towards the culture of the host society (Russian society). Sociologists point to the “problem areas” of modern immigration policy. The policy flaws are a fundamental factor that lowers the integration capacity of the host society.

We believe that it is essential to design a universal dual-component social and cultural policy for helping immigrants adapt and integrate themselves into society. We think it necessary to design this policy on a step-by-step basis, that prioritizes both individual rights and the cultural traditions of the host society. The effectiveness of its measures should be ensured by developing at least two essential components and including them into the adaptational “program field”: the first component is a system of measures aimed at the gradual familiarization with the Russian language and Russian cultural traditions; while the second component is the creation of the special information-based sociocultural environment of a welcoming host society.
Sociology of the Body in Search of its Identity: Analysis of Research Programs
Authors: Pivovarov Alexander M.
Published: December 2019

The author poses the problem of the status of sociology of the body as an independent sub-discipline, putting forward the hypothesis that today this moniker only unites the spectrum of those sociological directions that are engaged in the study of separate theoretical and applied issues related to corporeality. This review allows for securing the trend towards fragmenting sociology of the body as a field of study and strengthening its status as a rubric for research, rather than a full-fledged area of sociology. In order to clarify the subject of sociology of the body and its correlation with other disciplines which study embodiment, three classifications of theories used in body studies are analyzed — philosophical, anthropological and sociological. Unlike other researchers, the author of this article considers the opposition of structuralism and interpretativism to be the most appropriate for designating opposing research programs in the sociological classification of body theories.
Profile and Major Trends of Japanese Political Identity: Evidence from 1989–2018 Sociological Surveys
Authors: Chugrov Sergey V. , Karelova Liubov B.
Published: December 2019

The difference between non-Western and Western matrices of political identity has been attracting the attention of researchers since the end of the 19th century. This issue is located at the intersection of sociology and political science. The purpose of this article is to identify the specifics of political identity in Japan based on public data from the past 20 years, which is analyzed while taking into account the characteristics of the national political system and the political culture of this country. The authors focus on the idea of Japan’s self-image, the most important tasks and preferred forms of governance, attitudes towards government institutions, as well as certain qualities of citizens in terms of their self-assessment as subjects. The article combines sociological methods for analyzing opinion polls with a historical and cultural approach, as well as the method of “deconstruction”, which involves defining the basic concepts, narratives, myths and other forms of discourse that have been transformed into elements of political identity or which influence its formation. Opinion surveys show that traditional mental patterns continue to play a significant role in shaping the configuration of the political identity of the Japanese, identifying such features as a trust in the patronizing representatives of the political class, an urge for social protection from the authorities, a high degree of national unity, support from the state as the main political entity, and a low level of individual participation. In the context of nonlinear dynamics of socio-political transformations, such unique features derive from the desire to rely on patrimonialism and other traditions.
Demographic Transition and the Problem of Demographic Self-Regulation. Answer to A.B. Sinelnikov
Authors: Vishnevsky Anatoly G.
Published: December 2019

This response emphasizes the need to consider the problem of the mismatch of demographic interests of individuals and society as a special case of the problem of social order that has long been known and studied by sociologists. The idea that socialized individuals can behave as they please when participating in the life of society is sociologically naive. The author of the reply proceeds while bearing in mind the notion that society is a self-organizing system, and interprets the demographic transition as a classic example of such self-organization, a spontaneous historically determined response to the imbalance in fertility and mortality. He considers the threat of global depopulation to be a myth, but at the same time recognizes the seriousness of the problem of population decline for many post-transition countries. For them the only solution to this problem may be immigration.
Social Semiotics: Paths towards Integrating Social and Semiotic Knowledge
Authors: Fomin Ivan V. , Ilyin Mikhail V.
Published: December 2019

This article outlines major trends in the development of social semiotics during the last four decades of its existence. The starting point was the interface between functional analysis of the semiotic system of language and the structural interpretation of language as a social system. Their convergence provided the basis for further developing an interdisciplinary domain of social semiotics. Michael Halliday’s book “Language as social semiotic: The social interpretation of language and meaning” (1978) gave an initial impetus to exploring the interface of semiotic and social. Ten years later his approach was reinterpreted by Bob Hodge and Gunther Kress in “Social Semiotics” (1988). They suggested that both the social and semiotic nature of language had a broader significance and extends to the entire domain of human activity and existence. Thus, social semiotic (in singular) of language was enhanced into all-embracing social semiotics (in plural). This article further examines linguistic as socio-semiotic, semiotic as social, semiotic as multimodal, socio-semiotic as functional, interpretative as socio-semiotic. The article outlines two frontiers of social semiotics, that of its subject matter and that of its methodological dimension. Finally, the article focuses on current challenges faced by social semiotics, particularly those relevant to sociology.
On the History of Mass Media Sociology in Russia: VGTRK’s Audience Research Agency and its Research (1992–2003)
Authors: Davydov Sergey G. , Ademukova Nadezhda V.
Published: December 2019

During the 1990’s and 2000’s audience research departments at broadcasting companies and advertising agencies played a serious role in the development of Russian sociology of media. One such subsidiary is VGTRK’s Audience Research Agency, founded by media manager and journalist A.G. Bystritsky, and which for a long time was run by sociologist A.V. Sharikov. The tasks of the Agency have repeatedly changed for 12 incomplete years of its work. They included secondary analysis of the results of TV audience measurement, expert surveys, audience qualitative studies, research expeditions to the Russian regions, etc. A special place among the Agency projects is held by the first exit poll in the history of Russian sociology (1993). Examined are the main periods and lines of activity of this subsidiary, its projects and the publications based upon them. Information is provided about the leading experts who participated in the agency’s activities throughout the years of its existence.
Digital research in Germany
Authors: Manuilskaya Ksenia M.
Published: December 2019

This article is devoted to systemizing the stages of online research development in Germany, based on analyzing the reports of the main German-language conference on online research (General online Research Conference). The article focuses on the thematic and methodical evolution of online research since 1995 till the present day, emphasizing the most popular methods and areas of science where using this type of research is widespread. The author describes the history of online research and identifies four stages of online research development in Germany: online research as a method (Stage 1); atomization of subject areas (Stage 2); technological development and methodological improvement (Stage 3); distribution of Big Data (Stage 4). The stages are arranged by year, with systemization based on the thematic and methodical orientation during a particular period. The author analyzes the features of each of the stages in terms of technological innovation. The transformation of traditional offline methods in web space is also considered in the article. Particular attention is paid to the fact that both Russian and German languages have no single conceptual apparatus, and use a very broad list of terms in their specialized literature. This was the motivation behind compiling a terminological thesaurus within this work.
[Rev.] Srnicek N. Platform Capitalism. [Russ. ed.: Kapitalizm Platform. Transl. from Eng. and ed. by M. Dobryakova. Moscow: Izd. Dom Vysshei Shkoly Ekonomiki publ., 2019.]
Authors: Kartuzova Maria V.
Published: December 2019

The reviewed book describes the transformation of industrial capitalism into digital, facilitated by big data and developed IT. The author argues that the global market economic situation is what leads to transformation. The book gives us an idea on platform evolution, starting with analyzing the reasons for them emerging, continuing on to the typologies of modern platforms while highlighting their economic strengths and weaknesses, until finally predicting future wars between economic platforms, certain manifestations are already apparent in our time, according to the author. This work might be of use to those who want to know about the typology of various electronic-information platforms established based on their respective means for generating profit. The author defines labor market changes conditioned by an increase in unemployment and life expectancy, during a time when people are working closely with IT infrastructure, based on the example of the USA and other countries dealing with a similar social-economic situation.
Abordagem aos Doentes com Intolerância às Estatinas: Revisão Baseada na Evidência
Authors: Almeida Joana Tendais , Esteves Ana Luísa , Martins Filipa , Palma Isabel
Published: January 2020

Introdução: As estatinas são dos fármacos mais eficazes na redução dos níveis de colesterol e, consequentemente, da morbimortalidade cardiovascular. Apesar de globalmente bem toleradas, têm efeitos secundários que podem condicionar a adesão dos doentes à terapêutica. O objetivo desta revisão é sintetizar a evidência existente acerca da eficácia das estratégias alternativas de abordagem da dislipidemia nos doentes intolerantes às estatinas.Material e Métodos: Realizámos uma pesquisa bibliográfica de normas de orientação clínica, revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises em janeiro de 2017, nas principais bases de dados internacionais, tendo sido considerados os artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, e ainda de artigos originais na base de dados PubMed publicados nos últimos três anos. O nível de evidência e força de recomendação foram determinados utilizando a escala de Strenght of Recommendation Taxonomy - SORT.Resultados: Incluímos oito normas de orientação clínica, seis revisões sistemáticas e um artigo original.Discussão: A abordagem ao doente intolerante às estatinas varia conforme a gravidade dos sintomas e inclui a manutenção da terapêutica com estatina (redução da dose, introdução de uma estatina de igual ou menor intensidade ou toma em dias alternados), a terapêutica com outros fármacos hipolipemiantes (ezetimiba em monoterapia ou associação com estatina em dose tolerada). A suplementação com coenzima Q10 ou com vitamina D, para melhorar a adesão ao tratamento com estatinas, está desaconselhada.Conclusão: Apesar de apontarmos algumas estratégias de abordagem à intolerância às estatinas, estas baseiam-se maioritariamente em recomendações com evidência fraca a moderada, sendo necessários estudos aleatorizados com maior número de doentes para uma recomendação mais robusta.
Traditional Cultural Expressions and Intellectual Property Rights in Indonesia
Authors: Susanti Diah Imaningrum , Susrijani Rini , Sudhiarsa Raymundus I Made
Published: January 2020

Protection of traditional culture and knowledge has been a concern in Indonesia. Efforts that have been made to legally protect Indonesian traditional expressions and knowledge usually involve intellectual property (IP) laws. However, the protection provided by IP laws may be inadequate for Indonesian traditional communities that care more about the survival and maintenance of their culture and knowledge than the legal exclusivity of their works. This study uses a normative legal approach with the perspective of hermeneutic circle to look at various studies and legal documents to find reasons why IP laws may not be entirely suitable for the Indonesian context and how an IP-based law can be designed to suit the actual needs of Indonesian traditional expression holders. The results obtained affirm that Indonesian traditional cultural expressions cannot be contained by laws that exclusively limit the usage of those expressions and thus a ‘sui generis’ law is needed to give a more appropriate protection.
Perception and prediction of intention to use online banking systems
Authors: Hossain Sk Alamgir , Bao Yukun , Hasan Najmul , Islam Md Farijul
Published: January 2020

Online banking has become a vital instrument for delivering quality and easily reached banking services at the lowest possible time with ensuring affordability both for customers and service providers. Although this banking has huge potentials and benefits, the successful adoption of online banking remains a significant challenge in the context of an emerging economy like Bangladesh. The purpose of this empirical study is to investigate the factors influencing the online banking services adoption in Bangladesh by using the extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with government support and risk factors. A questionnaire survey method was used to collect data from 380 banking customers.  To analyse the collected survey data and test the set of hypothesis, a structural equation modelling (SEM) method was used with the help of SmartPLS3 package. The results illustrate that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude towards use, government support positively influence the intention to use as well as the intention to use positively impact on intention to continue to the adoption of online banking services. However, the relationship between risk and intention to use was statistically insignificant. Finally, the findings may assist banking professionals and programmers to develop and design successful policies regarding online banking services to boost this service industry in the future.
THE PERIPHERIES AND THE EUCHARIST: POPE FRANCIS, THE TEOLOGÍA DEL PUEBLO, AND THE CONVERSION OF CATHOLIC BIOETHICS
Authors: Lysaught M. Therese
Published: December 2019

Moral theologians in the US have been engaged in an ongoing conversation that attempts to predict what effect — if any — the papacy of Pope Francis will have on the field of Catholic bioethics. The many predictions fail to appreciate the full power of Francis’ deeply sacramental and ecclesial vision. In­formed by Vatican II and the Argentinian teología del pueblo, Pope Francis locates the sacramental work of Christ in two constantly interacting poles — the Eucharist and the peripheries. Via Pope Francis, these poles become recursively interactive twin starting points for the conversion of Catholic bioethics.
Computational Evaluation of Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Irick Kevin , Fathi Nima
Published: December 2019

In the power plant industry, the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) plays a key role in the efficiency of the gas turbine and, therefore, the overall—in most cases combined—thermal power cycle efficiency. Gas turbine efficiency increases by increasing TIT. However, an increase of TIT would increase the turbine component temperature which can be critical (e.g., hot gas attack). Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs)—porous media coatings—can avoid this case and protect the surface of the turbine blade. This combination of TBC and film cooling produces a better cooling performance than conventional cooling processes. The effective thermal conductivity of this composite is highly important in design and other thermal/structural assessments. In this article, the effective thermal conductivity of a simplified model of TBC is evaluated. This work details a numerical study on the steady-state thermal response of two-phase porous media in two dimensions using personal finite element analysis (FEA) code. Specifically, the system response quantity (SRQ) under investigation is the dimensionless effective thermal conductivity of the domain. A thermally conductive matrix domain is modeled with a thermally conductive circular pore arranged in a uniform packing configuration. Both the pore size and the pore thermal conductivity are varied over a range of values to investigate the relative effects on the SRQ. In this investigation, an emphasis is placed on using code and solution verification techniques to evaluate the obtained results. The method of manufactured solutions (MMS) was used to perform code verification for the study, showing the FEA code to be second-order accurate. Solution verification was performed using the grid convergence index (GCI) approach with the global deviation uncertainty estimator on a series of five systematically refined meshes for each porosity and thermal conductivity model configuration. A comparison of the SRQs across all domain configurations is made, including uncertainty derived through the GCI analysis.
Global Spatial Relationship between Land Use Land Cover and Land Surface Temperature
Authors: Rasul Azad
Published: January 2020

Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Land Use Land Cover (LULC) are the principal aspects of climate and environment studies. The object of the study is to assess spatial relationship between LST and remote sensing LULC indices at the global and continental scale. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua daytime LST and eight LULC MODIS indices of 2018 prepared and processed using Earth Engine Code Editor. R squared and significance of the relationship values of randomly selected points computed in R program. The research observed the relationship between examined indices and LST is significant at the 0.001 level. Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Normalized Difference Snow Index (DSI) are the dominant drivers of LST in the world, Asia and North America. In Australia and Africa, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) are the dominant drivers of LST. Albedo and Normalized Difference Soil Index (NDSI) have superior in Central America. In South America and Europe, the dominant driver of LST is NDWI. Relationship between albedo and LST is moderate inverse on a global scale. Observed relationship between LST and examined vegetation indices is positive in Europe and North America while inverse in Australia and Africa. All observed relationship between Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) and LST are positive. Association observed between NDSI and LST is positive in Australia, Africa and Central America.
Keanekaragaman Mangrove dan Sediaan Karbonnya di Kepulauan Lepar Pongok, Bangka Selatan
Authors: N. M. Heriyanto Heri Heriyanto
Published: January 2020

Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai bulan September 2017 bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang keragaman, potensi jenis dan kandungan karbon pada hutan mangrove, di Kepulauan Lepar Pongok, Bangka Selatan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pusposive sampling, setiap lokasi dibuat sepuluh plot contoh ukuran 10m x 10 m jarak antar plot 50 m, dalam plot tersebut dibuat sub plot ukuran 5 m x 5 m untuk tingkat belta dan 2 m x 2 m untuk tingkat semai. Hasil penelitian di lokasi tersebut didominasi oleh Rhizophora mucronata Blume, Rhizophora apiculata Blume, Bruguiera cylindrica W.et.A., dan Sonneratia caseolaris (L) Engl. dengan kerapatan masing-masing 886 pohon/ha, 626 pohon/ha, 495 pohon/ha dan 263 pohon/ha. Regenerasi hutan mangrove di lokasi penelitian cukup baik, untuk jenis Sonneratia caseolaris (L) Engl. regenerasinya tidak sempurna yaitu tidak terdapat di tingkat belta. Rhizophora mucronata Blume mempunyai biomassa sebesar 146,75 ton/ha diikuti oleh jenis Rhizophora apiculata Blume sebesar 102,25 ton/ha dan Bruguiera cylindrica W.et.A. sebesar 98,42 ton/ha. Total biomassa di lokasi penelitian sebesar 387,51 ton/ha. Biomassa hutan mangrove berdasarkan jenis di Kepulauan Lepar Pongok didominir jenis Rhizophora mucronata Blume sebesar 358,62 ton/ha (setara 179,31 ton C/ha atau 658,07 ton CO2/ha).
RIDER STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ READING SKILL
Authors: Nadhif Ahmad , Hidayat Wawan
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategy RIDER (Read, Image, Describe, Evaluate, & Repeat) diterapkan untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan membaca siswa kelas XI di MA Maarif Balong, Ponorogo. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan dua siklus. Criteria keberhasilan yang ditetapkan adalah bahwa 75% siswa mencapai nilai KKM Mapel Bahasa Inggris, yaitu score 68. Data diambil dengan tes (satu pre-test dan dua post-test di akhir masing-masing siklus) dan observasi kelas selama penerapan strategi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan pada prestasi siswa. Sebelum penerapan strategi, hasil pretest menunjukkan hanya ada 14,81% (4 siswa) yang mencapai nilai KKM. Hasil posttest siklus pertama menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 29,62% (8 siswa) yang mencapai KKM. Sementara itu, di posttest siklus kedua, seluruh siswa telah mencapai KKM. Demikian pula, hasil observasi menunjukkan angka partisipasi para siswa dalam proses belajar mengajar mengalami peningkatan. Di siklus pertama, hanya 33,33% yang mengajukan pertanyaan, 37,03% menjawab pertanyaan, dan 100% mencari kosakata baru. Di siklus kedua, angkanya secara berurutan menjadi 51,85%, 62,96%, dan 100%. Dengan demikian, melalui penerapan strategi RIDER, ketrampilan membaca para siswa meningkat dan demikian pula antusiasme mereka dalam belajar. [This research is aimed at finding how RIDER strategy is implemented to improve the students’ reading skill at English class at grade XI of MA Ma’arif Balong, Ponorogo. This study is a two-cycle classroom actioIn research, the success-criteria of which is that 75% of the students reach the KKM of English subject, which is score 68. The data are taken from tests (the pretest and two posttests by the end of each cycle) and classroom observation during the implementation of the RIDER strategy. The result of the tests shows significant improvement of the students’ achievement. In the pretests, which is conducted before the implementation of the strategy, only 14,81%  (4 students) reach the KKM; in the posttest in the first cycle, 8 students (29,62%) reach the KKM; and lastly, in the posttest of the second cycle, all students (100%) are successful to achieve the criteria. Regarding the class participation of the students during the implementation of the strategy, the data from the observation shows as follows. In the cycle 1 the student’ activeness in asking question is 33,33%, in answering question 37,03%, in finding new vocabulary 100%. In cycle 2, the students’ activeness improves with the following details: in asking question 51,85%, in answering questions 62,96%, and in finding new vocabulary 100%. Thus, through the implementation of RIDER strategy, the students’ reading skill improves and so does their enthusiasm in learning].
STUDI FATWA AL-LAJNAH AL-DAIMAH LI AL-BUHUS AL-ILMIYAH WA AL-IFTA’: KRITIK ATAS LARANGAN MAHAR PERNIKAHAN BERUPA HAFALAN AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Irawan Ibnu , Jayusman Jayusman , Hermanto Agus
Published: December 2019

Tulisan ini merupakan kajian pustaka yang mengkaji fatwa pelarangan mahar hafalan al-Qur’an. Sebagai alat analisis teori al-urf sangat tepat digunakan untuk memadukan kesenjangan tradisi yang berkembang dengan fatwa pelarangan tradisi tersebut. Tulisan ini mengkritisi fatwa tersebut dan menyimpukan; Pertama, fatwa mengedepankan aspek teoritis dan kurang memperhatikan aspek praktis yang tengah terjadi pada masyarakat. Kedua, metodelogi istinbat dalam berfatwa yang dilakukan adalah mengutamakan dalil-dalil muttafaq serta menomerduakan dalil-dalil mukhtalaf, sedangkan al-urf terkategori pada mukhtalaf sehingga kurang diperhatikan. Ketiga, Penulisan teks fatwa yang ada dianggap sangat singkat dan memerlukan kajian lebih lanjut agar memperoleh pemahaman dari maksud dari fatwa tersebut, sehingga menimbulkan kegamangan dan berpotensi menimbulkan silang pendapat. Keempat, prinsip fatwa yang digulirkan adalah berlepas dari mazhab tertentu, hal ini dianggap tidak sejalan dengan apa yang direkomendasikan oleh fukaha dan jauh dari mengayomi, karena proses beragama suatu masyarakat hendaknya memulainya dengan mengikuti mazhab tertentu agar tidak salah arah, dan tetap di dalam koridor keislaman yang benar. [This paper criticizes the fatwa on the prohibition of memorizing the Qur'an. As an analysis tool, al-urf theory is very appropriate to be used to integrate the growing of tradition gap with the fatwa prohibiting that tradition. This paper concludes; First, the fatwa emphasizes the theoretical aspects and pays little attention to the practical aspects that are happening to the community. Second, istinbat methodology in performing the obedience carried out is to prioritize the arguments of muttafaq as well as to put forward the arguments of the mukhtalaf, while the al-urf is categorized in the mukhtalaf so that it is heedless. Third, the writing of the existing fatwa text is considered to be very high and requires further study in order to gain an understanding the purpose of the fatwa, thus causing confusion and the possibility of the conflict. Fourth, the fatwa principle that is rolled out is not depend on a certain schools, by contrast with the recommendation of the jurist, because the religious process of a community should start by following the certain schools in order to remain stay in the Islamic pathway].
PENANAMAN NILAI MULTIKULTURAL MELALUI PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL DI RA PSM NGRONGGOT NGANJUK
Authors: Dewi Miftah Kusuma
Published: December 2019

Keberagaman masyarakat Indonesia yang multicultural merupakan sebuah kenyataan yang tak terbantahkan. Multikultural hadir dengan berbagai bentuk diantaranya status sosial budaya yang meliputi latar belakang, tempat, agama, ras, suku. Oleh karena itu penanaman nilai multikultural perlu diajarkan sejak dini pada anak usia dini dengan harapan mereka dapat menghargai sesama dan tidak saling mengejek antar teman. Pembelajaran tentang nilai-nilai multikultural dapat dilakukan dengan cara yang bervariasi dan tentunya menyenangkan dan mengena pada anak, salah satunya adalah dengan permainan tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan tentang penanaman nilai multikutral melalui permainan tradisional pada anak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Dan menggunakan data kualitatif yang diperoleh dari guru berdasarkan wawancara,  observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah bahwa nilai multikultural dalam permainan tradisional  diantaranya sikap toleransi, sikap saling mempercayai, sikap keadilan dan demokrasi, sikap kebersamaan dan sikap tolong menolong. Sedangkan proses penanaman nilai-nilai multikultural dalam permainan tradisional pada anak usia dini dengan cara perencanaan, praktek langsung melalui kegiatan main dan pembiasaan yang dilakukan sehari-hari. [The diversity of Indonesian society that is multicultural is an undeniable reality. Multicultural comes in various forms including socio-cultural status which includes background, place, religion, race, ethnicity. Therefore multicultural value inculcation needs to be taught early on in early childhood in the hope that they can respect each other and not mock one another among friends. Learning about multicultural values can be done in a variety of ways and of course fun and enjoyable for children, one of which is with traditional games. This study aims to describe the inculcation of multicultural values through traditional play in early childhood. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. And using qualitative data obtained from teachers based on interviews, observations and documentation. The results obtained are that multicultural values in traditional games include tolerance, mutual trust, justice and democracy, togetherness and helping. While the process of planting multicultural values in traditional games in early childhood by means of planning, direct practice through play activities and daily habituation].
Zastosowanie śrub biowchłanialnych w porównaniu ze śrubami metalowymi w truamatologii dziecięcej
Authors: Grochowska Gabriela , Gajewski Piotr , Gawrych Elżbieta , Walaszek Ireneusz , Giżewska-Kacprzak Kaja
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Metal stabilizing implants used in pediatric fractures have to be removed to not inhibit the growth of bones. Bioabsorbable implants can save children from surgical removal of the fixating material. As there have been only a few reports regarding children, we decided to evaluate the clinical advantages of bioabsorbable screws in the treatment of selected bone fractures in pediatric traumatology.Materials and methods: The study group included 35 patients with bone fractures aged 5–17 years (mean 13.2 years) fixed with LactoSorb® bioabsorbable screws made of polymeric lactic acid and polyglycolic acid. The follow-up was compared with a matched control group of 35 children that underwent operative fixation of the same type of fractures with metal screws. Results: Clinical and radiological follow-up showed that bone unions were obtained in all cases, with no signs of osteolysis. The time of immobilization was slightly shorter in the study group (5.5 weeks) than among controls (6.2 weeks; p = 0.038). There were no differences in complications, wound infections, pain management and time of hospitalization between both groups.Conclusions: The use of bioabsorbable material in the treatment of fractures in pediatric traumatology is a safe alternative to metal stabilizing devices, with clinical benefits for young patients including no necessity of a second surgery and anesthesia.
Neurobiologiczne aspekty duchowości
Authors: Dyk Wiesław
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTAt the core of ethology, Konrad Lorenz’s notion of spirituality is identical with the notion of culture. In the context of neuroscience, the gap between the spheres of spirituality and culture is significant; however the spiritual aspect of culture depends on the human spirit. In the context of brain evolutionary processes, the thalamus plays an important role in the shaping of spirituality. Animal and human brain structures and functions show an evolutionary leap between the infraorbital region and the prefrontal cortex, which gives good for searching there for human spirituality. Neuroscientists not only associate human spirituality with brain evolution and development, but also see the foundations of morality and consciousness in its structures. Recent neurobiological research is very insightful into what used to be an exclusively philosophical area of expertise. The considerations presented in the article include language, mora­lity, rationality and mind, in the context of evolution.
The level of anxiety and coping strategies in young adults with developmental dyslexia
Authors: Łodygowska Ewa
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Developmental dyslexia affects 3–18% of the population. The consequences are not only in difficulties in reading and writing, but also emotional and motivational problems that persist into adult life. Many studies confirm that people with dyslexia cope worse than those without.

The aim of this research is to determine if young adults with developmental dyslexia differ from their non-dyslectic peers in terms of anxiety and coping strategies, as well as to verify if there are differences in the relationship of these variables for adults with dyslexia and without.

Materials and methods: 180 young adults (19–28 years old) were examined, 90 with dyslexia, 90 without dyslexia, using:

1) demographic survey, 2) Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) by Endler and Parker, 3) State-Trait Anxiety Inventory by Spielberger et al.

Results: Research does not draw a distinction between young adults with dyslexia and those without in terms of levels of anxiety and styles of coping with stress. Anxiety-trait is significantly associated with the styles of coping with stress. A higher level of anxiety-trait determines a higher intensity of styles focused on emotions and avoidance, a low level of anxiety-trait is associated with a task-oriented copying style. In both the compared groups, the anxiety-trait had a similar impact on the strategy of coping with stress.

Conclusion: Young adults with dyslexia do not show a higher level of anxiety than those without. They also do not reveal a greater intensity of maladaptive styles of coping with stress.
Coaching and mentoring in nursing practice
Authors: Górka Elżbieta , Kunecka Danuta , Szylińska Aleksandra , Ptak Magdalena
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Coaching and mentoring is a form of personal and professional development, which could change the image of the modern nursing profession and encourage nurses. Would allow leaders to introduce new solutions that could provide satisfaction from work and promote the development of nursing. The purpose of the study was to know the level of knowledge about coaching and mentoring among nurses.

Materials and methods: The study involved 256 active nurses employed in the different branches of the Public Independently targeted Clinical Hospital No. 2 Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin (Poland). As a diagnostic survey was used. Research tool was the original questionnaire surveys consisting of 29 questions.

Results: Although respondents were generally familiar with the term ‚coaching’, only 4.5% indicated the correct definition. Among nursing staff 43.5% did not know what coaching is and did not declare that they knew the definition. The correct definition of mentoring was shown by 30.5% of respondents, with 32.5% indicating an incorrect response, despite declaring the familiarity with this term.

Conclusions: The knowledge in an environment nursing on coaching and mentoring as a means of personal development is negligible. Mentoring is more well known and understood. As for the anticipated benefits indicates the need to undertake systematic training of nursing staff in this regard.
Contamination of food with cadmium and dioxins – influence on the human body
Authors: Słojewska Aleksandra , Gutowska Izabela
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Food is a carrier of many pollutants nowadays. For cadmium and dioxins, it is the main source of these compounds in the general population.

Hence, the aim of this work was to collect data on the health effects associated with exposure to cadmium and dioxins which get into the human body through food.

Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted by searching the scientific Medline database (PubMed) and Google Scholar.

Results: Health effects associated with a long-term exposure to low doses of cadmium and dioxins may be nonspecific and are rarely attributed to food sources. These may cause disorders affecting hormonal balance, kidney function, lipid metabolism, fertility, cognitive function, bone mineralization, and susceptibility to diseases and allergies. These compounds may also lead to cancer development.

Conclusions: The general population faces the problem of long-term exposure to small doses of these substances due to their accumulation in the body, even if their amounts do not exceed the relevant standards. The health effects of this type of exposure may be significantly delayed and are not likely to be attributed to the consumption of contaminated food. Consumers wishing to reduce the amounts of these compounds delivered to the body should limit the consumption of grilled and smoked products, and should also opt for organic food.