bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretiminde Öğreticilerin Ev Ödevleri Hakkındaki Görüşleri
Authors: ŞEYLAN Ali , AYDIN Erdal
Published: October 2023

Ev ödevleri, ders içerisindeki kazanımların pekiştirilmesini ve kalıcı olmasını sağlayan en önemli etkinliklerdendir. Yabancı dil öğretimindeki başarı, ders dışında devam eden bir faaliyet olarak ödevlerin eğitim-öğretimde bir bütünsellik içinde uygulanmasına ve değerlendirilmesine bağlıdır. İstenilen öğretim hedefine ulaşmanın temel göstergeleri; doğru ve çağdaş öğretim yöntem ve teknikleri ile birlikte, çok yönlü ölçme ve değerlendirme faaliyetleri ile öğrencilerden alınan geribildirimler oluşturmaktadır. Eskiden beri ister geleneksel, ister çağdaş olsun, hemen her dil öğretim yöntem ve tekniklerinde, önemli bir geribildirim aracı olarak kullanılan ödevler bir şekilde varlığını hissettirmekte ve sürdürmektedir. Teknolojik imkânlardan yararlanılarak iki buçuk yıl kadar süren küresel ölçekteki Covid 19 salgınından ve asrın felaketi olarak kayıtlara geçen 6 Şubat depreminden sonra, yeniden devreye sokulan uzaktan öğretimde bile az çok ödev verilmiş, uzaktan ödev verme ve değerlendirme konusunda farklı uygulamalar ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmanın genel amacı yabancılara Türkçe öğretiminde fiilen görev yapan öğretmenlerin ödevlere ilişkin farklı görüşlerini incelemektir. Bu maksatla araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması ile gerçekleştirilmiş olup elde edilen veriler, yabancılara Türkçe öğretiminde görev yapmakta olan on iki öğretim elemanından Google Form aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Veriler betimsel olarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmada; ödev öncesinde yapılan uygulamalar, ödev sonrasında yapılan uygulamalar ve ödevle ilgili düşünce ve öneriler olmak üzere üç tema oluşturulmuştur. Katılımcılara göre, ödevler doğru ve iyi planlanıp değerlendirildiğinde yabancılara Türkçe öğretiminde başarıyı artırmaktadır. Ancak karşıt düşüncede olan öğreticiler de vardır ve onların bu yöndeki farklı tecrübelerinin dikkate alınması gerekmektedir.
IMPACTOS DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 NO DIREITO DO TRABALHO: ANÁLISE DOS DESAFIOS ENFRENTADOS PELOS TRABALHADORES E EMPREGADORES NO BRASIL
Authors: Morais Melissa Passos de , Rezende Paulo Izidio da Silva
Published: October 2023

A pandemia trouxe mudanças significativas nas relações de trabalho, exigindo uma análise aprofundada dos efeitos no contexto jurídico. Utilizando uma abordagem de revisão bibliográfica, são exploradas as mudanças legislativas e as medidas adotadas pelo governo para mitigar os impactos da crise. Os desafios enfrentados pelos trabalhadores incluem a perda de empregos, a redução de renda, o aumento da carga de trabalho e a precarização das condições laborais. Já os empregadores enfrentam a queda da demanda, a necessidade de adaptação às restrições sanitárias e as dificuldades econômicas. Esses desafios afetam diretamente a saúde e segurança ocupacional, bem como os direitos trabalhistas. Com base na análise dos impactos, busca-se contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas que promovam a proteção dos direitos dos trabalhadores e o equilíbrio entre as necessidades laborais e as demandas econômicas. A compreensão dos desafios enfrentados por trabalhadores e empregadores no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil é essencial para a tomada de decisões informadas e a implementação de medidas adequadas que assegurem a justiça social e a resiliência das relações de trabalho.
Spatial and diurnal variations of aerosol organosulfates in summertime Shanghai, China: potential influence of photochemical processes and anthropogenic sulfate pollution
Authors: Yang Ting , Xu Yu , Ye Qing , Ma Yi-Jia , Wang Yu-Chen , Yu Jian-Zhen , Duan Yu-Sen , Li Chen-Xi , Xiao Hong-Wei , Li Zi-Yue , Zhao Yue , Xiao Hua-Yun
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Organosulfates (OSs) are ubiquitous aerosol components, which has seen intense research over years. However, spatial and diurnal variations in OS formation in polluted atmospheres remain poorly understood. In this study, 130 OS species were quantified (or semi-quantified) in ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected in urban and suburban Shanghai (East China) in the summer of 2021. Isoprene- and monoterpene-derived OSs were dominant OS groups (averaging 51 % and 19 % of total quantified OSs, respectively), likely indicating a large biogenic contribution to OS formation in summer. Most OSs peaked during daytime, while monoterpene-derived nitrooxy-OSs (NOSm) increased during nighttime. Accordingly, OSs were largely produced via daytime formation processes, rather than nighttime chemistry, except for NOSm. Additionally, although OS formation in the urban and suburban areas exhibited similar diurnal variations, the average concentrations of biogenic and anthropogenic OSs decreased significantly from the urban site to the suburban site. Furthermore, we concretized daytime OS formation based on the interactions among OSs, ultraviolet (UV), ozone (O3), and sulfate (SO42-). Indeed, the concentrations of most OSs were significantly correlated with the values of UV[O3][SO42-] during daytime in both urban and suburban Shanghai. In particular, the correlation between major OSs and UV[O3][SO42-] was stronger than the correlation of major OSs with O3 and SO42-; moreover, there was no significant correlation between major OSs and UV. Thus, higher urban OS events were attributed to the enhanced photochemical processes and sulfate level in the urban area. Overall, this study provides field evidence for the influence of photochemical processes and anthropogenic sulfate on OS formation and has important implications for the mitigation of organic particulate pollution.
Atmospheric composition and climate impacts of a future hydrogen economy
Authors: Warwick Nicola J. , Archibald Alex T. , Griffiths Paul T. , Keeble James , O'Connor Fiona M. , Pyle John A. , Shine Keith P.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Hydrogen is expected to play a key role in the global energy transition to net zero emissions in many scenarios. However, fugitive emissions of hydrogen into the atmosphere during its production, storage, distribution and use could reduce the climate benefit and also have implications for air quality. Here, we explore the atmospheric composition and climate impacts of increases in atmospheric hydrogen abundance using the UK Earth System Model (UKESM1) chemistry–climate model. Increases in hydrogen result in increases in methane, tropospheric ozone and stratospheric water vapour, resulting in a positive radiative forcing. However, some of the impacts of hydrogen leakage are partially offset by potential reductions in emissions of methane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds from the consumption of fossil fuels. We derive a refined methodology for determining indirect global warming potentials (GWPs) from parameters derived from steady-state simulations, which is applicable to both shorter-lived species and those with intermediate and longer lifetimes, such as hydrogen. Using this methodology, we determine a 100-year global warming potential for hydrogen of 12 ± 6. Based on this GWP and hydrogen leakage rates of 1 % and 10 %, we find that hydrogen leakage offsets approximately 0.4 % and 4 % respectively of total equivalent CO2 emission reductions in our global hydrogen economy scenario. To maximise the benefit of hydrogen as an energy source, emissions associated with hydrogen leakage and emissions of the ozone precursor gases need to be minimised.
Conceptual models of dissolved carbon fluxes in a two-layer stratified lake: interannual typhoon responses under extreme climates
Authors: Lin Hao-Chi , Nakayama Keisuke , Tsai Jeng-Wei , Chiu Chih-Yu
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Extreme climates affect the seasonal and interannual patterns of carbon (C) distribution in lentic ecosystems due to the regimes of river inflow and thermal stratification. Typhoons rapidly load substantial amounts of terrestrial C into smaller subtropical lakes (i.e., Yuan-Yang Lake in Taiwan, hereafter referred to as YYL), renewing and mixing the water column. We developed a conceptual dissolved C model and hypothesized that allochthonous C loading and river inflow intrusion may affect the dissolved inorganic C (DIC) and dissolved organic C (DOC) distributions in a small subtropical lake under these extreme climates. A two-layer conceptual C model was developed to explore how the DIC and DOC fluxes respond to typhoon disturbances on seasonal and interannual timescales in YYL while simultaneously considering autochthonous processes such as algal photosynthesis, remineralization, and vertical transformation. To compare the temporal patterns of fluxes between typhoon years (2015–2016) and non-typhoon years (2017–2018), monthly field samples were obtained and their DIC, DOC, and chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations measured. The results demonstrated that net ecosystem production was 3.14 times higher in typhoon years than in non-typhoon years. These results suggested that a loading of allochthonous C was the most crucial driver of the temporal variation in C fluxes in typhoon years because of changes in physical and biochemical processes, such as photosynthesis, mineralization, and vertical transportation. However, the lowered vertical transportation rate shaped the seasonal C in non-typhoon years due to thermal stratification within this small subtropical lake.
The Antarctic stratospheric Nitrogen Hole: Southern Hemisphere and Antarctic springtime total nitrogen dioxide and total ozone variability as observed in Sentinel-5p TROPOMI data
Authors: de Laat Adrianus , van Geffen Jos , Stammes Piet , van der A Ronald , Eskes Henk , Veefkind Pepijn
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Denitrification of the stratospheric vortex is a crucial process for the Antarctic Ozone Hole formation resulting in  an analogous stratospheric “Nitrogen Hole”. Here, 2018–2021 daily TROPOMI measurements are used for the first time for a detailed characterization of this Nitrogen Hole. Nitrogen dioxide total columns exhibit strong spatiotemporal and seasonal variations associated with both photochemistry as well as transport and mixing processes. Combined with total ozone column data two main regimes are identified: inner-vortex ozone and nitrogen dioxide depleted air and outer-vortex air enhanced in ozone and nitrogen dioxide. Within the vortex total ozone and total stratospheric nitrogen dioxide are strongly correlated which is much less evident outside of the vortex. Connecting both main regimes are what is defined here as “mixing lines”, a third regime of coherent patterns in the total nitrogen dioxide column – total ozone column phase space. These mixing lines exist because of differences in three dimensional variations of nitrogen dioxide and ozone thereby providing information about vortex dynamics and cross-vortex edge mixing. On the other hand, interannual variability of nitrogen dioxide – total ozone characteristics are rather small except in 2019 when the vortex was unusually unstable. Overall, the results show that daily stratospheric nitrogen dioxide column satellite measurements provide an innovative means for characterizing and Polar stratospheric denitrification processes and vortex dynamics and potentially long term monitoring if the total nitrogen column data record is extended with past satellite observations.
Experimental study on fingertip friction perception characteristics on ridged surfaces
Authors: Wang Liyong , Yang Li , Li Le , Wu Jianpeng , Zou Qian
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Fingertip friction perception characteristics have not formed a clear and complete theory, owing to the low repeatability and accuracy of related experiments. Given this, a novel experimental method is proposed based on ridged surfaces for investigating the fingertip friction perception characteristics. In this method, based on the Universal Mechanical Tester (UMT) TriboLab, the proposed experiment makes subjects touch ridged surfaces under different ridge sizes and lubrication conditions, aiming to obtain fingertip friction and subject judgment. Subsequently, the average friction force fluctuation degree and the tactile perception accuracy are calculated to analyze the friction characteristics. For this, the relationship between friction and perception characteristics is discussed further. The results show that the adhesive and the deformation friction forces, which mainly consist of the total friction force under incomplete contact conditions, decrease due to the lubricating oil. However, the adhesive friction force increases slightly as the ridge widens. In addition, when the ridge spacing is raised, the deformation friction force increases and becomes the dominant component, while the adhesive friction force is the opposite. While analyzing the friction characteristics, it is found that the tactile perception accuracy is enhanced by raising the average friction force fluctuation. Moreover, the tactile perception accuracy can be improved by changing the surface texture and lubrication conditions, due to the changes in fingertip friction characteristics.
A Structural Equation Modelling Approach on Determinants of Working Adults' Choice to Further Study in Malaysian Online Distance Learning Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Osman Zahir , Senathirajah Abdul Rahman Bin S. , Haque Rasheedul , Ibrahim Irwan
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study is to evaluate the direct relationship between university image and administrative quality with attitude and choice among online distance learning (ODL) learners in online distance learning higher education institutions in Malaysia. This study is very important to ODL higher education institutions because it will give insight into ODL higher education institutions to formulate a strategy to increase the number of ODL learners studying in their institutions. In an online learning environment, maintaining the optimum number of students in the system is very crucial in order to sustain in the future. The research framework of this study contains two independent variables which are university image and administrative quality, attitude as a mediator, and working adults' choice as a dependent variable. This study assesses the direct relationship between university image and administrative quality towards attitude and the attitude toward working adults' choices. Then, the indirect relationship between university image and administrative quality with working adults' choices mediated by attitude was assessed. Primary data were utilized in this study and collected by using a survey questionnaire which was adopted and adapted from earlier studies. 302 clean data were used in the data analysis by employing the structural equation modeling technique. The findings of this study reveal that university image and administrative quality are two important antecedents to attitude and working adults' choices. Further, Therefore, ODL higher education institutions must place a strong emphasis on attitude as it is a crucial mediating factor between university image and administrative quality to working adults' choice. This mediating effect will ultimately strengthen the working adult's decision to study at an ODL higher education institution.
Development and Validation of Worksheets in Physics Based on Science Process Skills at HSSC Level
Authors: Choudhary Farkhunda , Ahmed Masood
Published: October 2023

Science process skills (SPS) are necessary skills that should be acquired in the 21st century. Assessment of student’s competency level in science process skills is a major challenge for teachers. It is necessary to have a validated science process skills instrument that could measure the level of competency for science process skills among science students. This study focused on developing a valid and reliable instrument to measure students' competency level in science process skills. This research study is based on the research and development process. The researcher followed a systematic method based on the 4D instructional development model used by Thiagarajan et al. (1974). This model splits the instructional development process into four phases: define, design, develop, and disseminate. In the first phase, the physics curriculum was critically analyzed at the higher secondary school certificate level to select the four experiments in the subject of physics that were based on science process skills. The construction of item indicators, i.e., the aspects of SPS, were selected in this phase. The second stage was designed in which the researcher developed four worksheets for four experiments. In this stage, items were constructed. In the third stage, items were revised in the light of the expert’s judgment. In the fourth stage, the research instruments passed through a field trial after validation. The subject of the field trial was 60 Physics students of grade XII of two top-level colleges in the city of Rawalpindi. The third phase was the evaluation phase, in which scoring rubrics for worksheets were developed. The validation yielded 22 items for the worksheet of Experiment I, 22 items for the worksheet of Experiment II, 19 items for the worksheet of Experiment III, and 15 items for the worksheet of Experiment IV. The reliability coefficient of Worksheet I is 0.79; it was 0.88 for Worksheet II. For worksheet III, it was 0.71, and 0.82 for worksheet IV. The statistical values confirmed that all four worksheets were empirically valid and reliable for assessing science process skills.
An Analysis of Pronunciation Errors of Pakistani ESL Learners at University Level
Authors: Khalid Saniha , Mustafa Raza-E- , Anwar Behzad
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the pronunciation errors that Pakistani ESL learners make when speaking, especially entry-level university students who have just finished their intermediate education. The study can be significant in contributing to teaching and learning English as L2 in a Pakistani context. The research is also directed to explore the causes behind committing errors and the significant difference between errors made by the participants of both the selected universities. Using the purposive sampling technique, samples of 20 first-semester BS students from one private and one public university were collected for this purpose. Presentations of the students were recorded to collect the data, and the data was transcribed afterward to identify the errors. A qualitative approach, along with quantification of the data, was used to analyze the data, which was done following the descriptive analysis method. Gass and Selinker's (2008) error analysis model was used to analyze the data systematically; however, their model is simply an expansion of Corder's (1971) model for error analysis. Results revealed that the participants of Public Sector University were noticed to be committing most of the errors. Many factors are involved in committing errors, which were found in the data of this study; these errors are phonological, socioeconomic, and psychological factors. Findings suggest that the study can be helpful for pedagogical purposes as ESL teachers, course designers, and activity planners should consider the problems faced by the learners while planning for language learning development.
Poverty, Women Empowerment and Role of Agriculture Sector in Pakistan: Estimation of Women Empowerment Index
Authors: Waqas Muhammad , Awan Masood Sarwar , Nasir Rakia
Published: October 2023

Women's empowerment is crucial for sustainable economic progress and poverty reduction in developing nations. The study interviewed 1000 households in Punjab Province, Pakistan, using Shoaib et al.'s (2012) sampling methodology and dividing the province into four regions. The index was calculated using Alkire and Foster's (2007) methodology. The study reveals that leadership and income are the most significant factors contributing to female disempowerment in the Punjab province. The Women Empowerment in Agriculture Index score is 0.70, with 21% of women empowered and 79% disempowered. The study found that 7% of women's disempowerment contributes to autonomy in production, 23% to income control, 19% to organizational membership, and 10% to public speaking. Males' insufficient accomplishment differs from girls, with leadership contributing at 35% and time allocation at 25%. Male disempowerment is 7% in wealth control, while males face similar disempowerment in production and resource access. Men contribute 5% to asset ownership, 6% to purchase and sale, and 11% to credit access and control. Men's disempowerment index includes 22% group participation, 13% public speaking, 13% workload, and 12% leisure. The gender parity index shows that 51.7% of women experience gender disparity, with an average empowerment difference of 45.7%.
Advances in Finite Element Modeling of Breast Tissue Mechanics: Applications and Challenges
Authors: Alotaibi A. , Besbes H. , Cheniti Aicha Rima
Published: October 2023

Finite Element Modeling (FEM) has emerged as a transformative tool in the study of breast tissue mechanics, ushering in a new era of understanding and innovation in breast healthcare and research. This comprehensive review explores the intricate landscape of breast tissue, spanning its anatomy and diverse mechanical properties. It delves into the fundamentals of FEM, illuminating its principles and applications, with a particular focus on its role in diagnosis, surgical planning, implant design, and radiation therapy. Challenges in data acquisition, model complexity, and validation are addressed. Emerging trends, including machine learning integration and multi-scale modeling, are examined. Ethical and regulatory considerations are also underscored. Through this exploration, the review underscores the potential of FEM to revolutionize breast healthcare, providing personalized solutions and advancing our understanding of breast tissue mechanics.

Keywords: Breast tissue, Finite Element Modeling (FEM), mechanical properties, biomechanics, medical imaging, surgical planning, breast cancer diagnosis, implant design, radiation therapy, machine learning, multi-scale modeling, personalized healthcare, ethical considerations.
Effect of Availability of a Variety of Herbal Medicine Product, Price, and Decision to Purchase Herbal Medicine Product on Consumer Repurchase Intention in the Technical Implementation Unit of the Herbal Materia Medica Laboratory
Authors: Fansia Risca Damayanti , . Indasah , Ambarika Rahmania
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze effect of availability of a variety of herbal medicine product, price, and decision to purchase herbal medicine product on consumer repurchase intention in the Technical Implementation Unit of the Herbal Materia Medica Laboratory. This research is quantitative in nature using an observational research plan in a cross-sectional manner. Population in this study are consumers who purchased herbal medicine product at the Technical Implementation Unit of the Herbal Materia Medica Laboratory with a sample of 100 respondents taken using a simple random sampling technique. In this research, multiple linear regression analysis is used. The research results showed that availability of a variety of herbal medicine product has a positive and significant effect consumer repurchase intention in the Technical Implementation Unit of the Herbal Materia Medica Laboratory. Price has a positive and significant effect consumer repurchase intention in the Technical Implementation Unit of the Herbal Materia Medica Laboratory. Decision to purchase herbal medicine product has a positive and significant effect consumer repurchase intention in the Technical Implementation Unit of the Herbal Materia Medica Laboratory.

Keywords: Availability, Price, Decision to Purchase, Consumer Repurchase Intention
Predictive Factors Associated with Delayed Graft Function Following Renal Transplantation: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bayraktar Necmi , Behlul Ahmet , Tasargol Omer
Published: October 2023

Kidney transplantation has become a routine procedure for end-stage renal disease.
Although improvement in short term graft patency has been achieved, delayed graft function (DGF) is one of the important complications following kidney transplantation. DGF results from ischemia-reperfusion injury and involves a multitude of contributing elements including donor characteristics and etiology of the end-stage renal disease. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are easily applicable methods for evaluation of systemic inflammation. We hypothesized that these parameters could refine the detection of the patients with DGF in post- renal transplantation and guide management. To test our hypothesis, we investigated whether the NLR, PLR, and creatinine reduction ratio CRR could serve as prognostic indicators for identifying patient cohorts at an elevated risk of negative treatment outcomes following renal transplantation. We also assessed demographic and clinical factors as an independent predictor to detect negative early graft function outcomes in patients after renal transplantation. This single center retrospective cohort trial comprising 55 patients who received a kidney graft from deceased or living donors was performed in Northern Cyprus Ministry of Health’s Dr. Burhan Nalbantoglu State Hospital, over a 6 year period. The demographic and clinical variables included age, gender, body mass index, the etiology of end-stage renal disease, kidney graft from living or deceased donors, NLR, PLR and CRR. DGF was defined as GFR<60 on the 21th day following renal transplantation. Of the patients included in this study, 26 (47.3%) and 29 (52.7%) received deceased and living donor kidney transplantation, respectively. On the 21st day following transplantation, 27 patients (49%) had an eGFR<60, whereas 28 patients (51%) had an GFR≥60. None of the patients had undergone dialysis within the first week after transplantation. There were no significant differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between the patients with eGFR 60 and eGFR 60. In logistic regression analysis, none of the predictors including etiology of the end-stage renal disease, source of donor, or demographic baseline characteristic were associated with DGF. We suggest that the NLR and PLR parameters are not associated with the presence of DGF after renal transplantation.

Keywords: Renal transplantation, Delayed graft function, Renal failure, Glomerular filtration rate, End-stage renal disease.
Ultrasound Diagnostic of Testicular ischemia without torsion in children. Rare clinical observations
Authors: Topolnik M. V.
Published: October 2023

Testicular ischemia is the most serious complication of acute pathology of the scrotum, the etiopathogenesis of which is quite diverse and still remains an urgent issue for discussion. The most well-known cause of testicular ischemia is testicular torsion. All other variants are found casually rarely (orchoepididymitis, incarcerated inguinal-scrotal hernia, thrombosis of the veins of the pampiniform plexus, etc.). This paper presents clinical observations of acute testicular ischemia of various etiologies, illustrated with echographic scans and intraoperative images. The publication is supplemented with a brief review of the literature.
Non-Invasive Technique for MRI Diagnostics of Bone Marrow Cellularity in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Tereshchenko G. V. , Kriventsova N. A. , Kupriyanov D. A. , Litvinov D. V. , Novichkova G. A.
Published: October 2023

Evaluation of the apparent fat fraction (FF) changes in patients at different stages of leukemia treatment compared with children without hematological disorders.  The study included 24 healthy volunteers (control group), 40 patients with leukemia: 20 in the acute phase of the disease and 20 patients after chemotherapy in hematopoietic aplasia.  Four regions of interest were chosen in size of 150 mm2: in the body of the right and left iliac bones, as well as in the bodies of L4 and L5 vertebras. FF significantly changes in patients with leukemia regarding the control group. Quantitative MRI images is a new method for assessing changes in the bone marrow of children with leukemia.
In- vitro Antioxidant and Anti-aging activity of a Traditional Ayurvedic Formulation
Authors: Shanthi S. , Begum M. Sahina , Senthuja M.
Published: October 2023

Aging is an inevitable process for all living organisms. When the skin ages, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are generated, which results in an increase in Hyaluronidase, Collagenase and Elastase, further contributing to skin aging. Amalaki Rasayana (AR) which is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation was investigated to assess its anti-oxidant and anti-aging properties. In order to assess radical scavenging activity, plant extracts/formulations were tested for their ability to scavenge DPPH and nitric oxide radicals. The alcoholic extract was prepared with Amalaki Rasayana (AR) and used for phyto-chemical, anti- oxidant and anti- aging studies. The phyto-chemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids. The in- vitro anti- oxidant activity of Amlaki Rasayana (AR) was carried out by DPPH and Nitric oxide radical scavenging assay method. The DPPH assay revealed the concentration dependent scavenging activity with the extract and the results are comparable with standard quercetin. The percentage inhibition was more at 1000 μg/ml of the ethanol extract in Nitric oxide scavenging assay. The in- vitro anti- aging potential was evaluated by anti- collagenase assay method using FALGPA as substrate. The ethanol extract exhibited significant inhibition on collagenase enzyme which was comparable to standard EDTA. The ethanol extract of Amlaki Rasayana (AR) showed significant anti- oxidant and anti- aging activity which may be attributed to phyto- constituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins. This study offers scientific validation of Amlaki Rasayana (AR) for anti- aging activity and can be recommended to be taken internally for aging problems.
Anxiolytic activity of Coconut water by GABA Modulation as Evidenced by Pharmacological Experiments and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Ganesh Lakshmanan , B Deepa , Manikkoth Shyamjith , G Nadh Anuroopa
Published: October 2023

Objective: To determine the anxiolytic activity of coconut water by pre-clinical studies. Materials and Methods: The anxiolytic activity of coconut water was screened by neuropharmacology and molecular docking studies. Twenty-four adult female rats of the Wistar strain were divided equally into four groups: Group I: Distilled water [3ml/Kg]; Group II: Coconut water [3ml/Kg]; Group III: Diazepam [5mg/Kg]; Group IV: Coconut water [3ml/Kg] + Diazepam [2.5mg/Kg]. All agents were administered orally for 15 days. Elevated plus maze and light/dark arena apparatus tests were used to assess anxiety in rats. Once the pharmacological screening was done, rats were sacrificed, and brains were removed out to estimate GABA levels. An insilico docking of bio-active components in coconut water was done to probe the possible mechanism of action. Results: This study showed coconut water produced significant anxiolytic activity in rats. Brain biochemical analysis revealed coconut water significantly increased GABA levels. Computational studies revealed that the phytocompound ‘Zeatin’ in coconut water could block gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase, the enzyme responsible for GABA degradation, thereby increasing GABA levels. Conclusion: Coconut water has anxiolytic-like activity by modulating GABAergic neurotransmission.
Acceptance of COVID -19 vaccines and associated barriers among dental students at college of Dentistry, University of Basrah: A cross-sectional study
Authors: A. Haji Sarah , Taha Alneama Raed , Shareef Al- Ghazzawi Najwan Sadik
Published: October 2023

Dental students (DS) were classified to be at a considerable risk of exposure to COVID-19 due to the nature of their practice. Assess the attitudes of DS towards COVID-19 vaccines and look into possible motivators for students’ acceptance levels were carried out. This descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted among dental students to assess DS familiarity with and willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19. A total of 880 DSs completed the survey. About 70% of DS confirmed that they would take the vaccine voluntarily, without any hesitation/apprehension. While 16% were reluctant to take the vaccine, and 14 % refused to take the vaccine. Vaccine acceptance among DS differed by various sociodemographic characteristics. Males (192/260; 73.8 %) appear to be more accepted to be vaccinated than females. On the other hand, DS at the clinical stage (162/209; 77.5%) represents the most respondents who were most likely to receive a COVID-19 vaccine (P =0.002). Only two variables show a significant difference between males and females regarding reasons behind not being vaccinated: fear of needle injection and fear of rumours that the vaccine may cause infertility (p-value = 0,048, 0,013), respectively. Social Media (n= 552: 62.7%), family and friends (n=549: 62.4%) were chosen by DS as the most trustworthy resources for information about the COVID-19 vaccination. The study showed a high acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among DS at the University of Basrah. The increased acceptance of COVID-19 immunization among DS is expected to benefit the community by raising awareness and vaccine uptake.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ИНДЕКСА ТИПА ТЕЛОСЛОЖЕНИЯ ПРИ РАННЕМ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИИ МОЛОЧНОЙ И МЯСНОЙ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ
Authors: Батанов Степан , Баранова Ирина , Старостина Ольга
Published: October 2023

Выявление взаимосвязи типа телосложения, генотипических и фенотипических особенностей животного позволит сформулировать комплексную оценку животных по племенной ценности и производственному типу, их здоровью и перспектив использования. В связи с этим важной составляющей комплексной оценки является определение экстерьерных показателей животного. В данной статье представлен новый подход в оценке экстерьера. Суть метода заключена в том, что в условиях фермы при содержании животных в стойлах определяют экстерьерные параметры путем обработки изображений, полученных фотографированием животных или с помощью сенсора глубины Sensors-3D. На основе полученных промеров животного были разработаны формулы вычисления индексов типа телосложения, которые позволяют выявить экстерьерно-конституциональный тип животного. Учитывая высокую степень корреляции между экстерьерными параметрами и молочной продуктивностью, экстерьерными параметрами и живой массой, вычисленные индексы типа телосложения лежат в основе прогнозирования мясной и молочной продуктивности крупного рогатого скота.
СОСТОЯНИЕ КОНЕВОДСТВО И ПРОМЕРЫ НОВОКЫРГЫЗСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ ЛОШАДЕЙ
Authors: Сыдыкбеков Келдибек , Абдурасулов Абдугани
Published: October 2023

Целью выполнения научной работы является дальнейшее продолжение экспериментов по повышению продуктивности и улучшению рабочих качеств изучаемого поголовья и создание единой базы племенных лошадей разных пород культивируемых в нашей стране. На начало 2022 года во всех категориях хозяйств в Кыргызской Республике содержалось 547253 гол. лошадей, в том числе 305788 кобыл или 55,87 % к общему поголовью. Если сравнить, то по статистике в 1991 году было 312 тыс. голов лошадей, а за последние пять лет: 2017 г. – 467249; 2018 г. – 481329; 2019 г. – 498684; 2020 г. – 522611; 2021 г. – 339644 голов, то есть рост поголовья против 2017 года возросло на +80004 голов или ежегодный прирост составил 3,1%. Результаты исследований показали, что, по промерам жеребцы- производители ФПФ «Алыкул-Ата» превосходят жеребцов других хозяйств по всем параметрам, а ГПКЗ «Талас», сравнительно с ФПФ «Эркинбек-Ата», выше по высоте в холке на 0,8-см, по косой длине туловища 9,5 см, по обхвату груди на 4,0 см, по обхвату пясти отстают на 2,5 см, а по живой массе больше на 38,2 кг.
ВИДОВОЙ СОСТАВ, РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ И ЭКОЛОГИЯ АКАРАПИДОЗА МЕДОНОСНЫХ ПЧЕЛ
Authors: Ормонкулов Тагайбек , Абдурасулов Абдугани
Published: October 2023

В связи с загрязнением среды обитания и снижением иммунитета пчел наблюдается рост опасных заболеваний, лечение которых требует применения большого числа препаратов различной химической приророды. С большой осторожностью следует относиться к применению химических препаратов, с продукты пчеловодства поставить в разряд природных лекарственных средств с повышением всех необходимых требований к ним следует делать основной упор на профилактику заболеваний с экологически чистым лекарственными растениями. Высокий процент экстенсинвазированности отмечен в Кара-Кульжинском районе (ЭИ – 20,1%), в Сузакском (ЭИ – 18,1%) и Узгенском районе (ЭИ – 10,4%). В то же время нами зарегистрированы пчелохозяйства свободные от акарапидоза: в Чон Алайском, Тогуз-Тороуском, Чаткальском, Баткенском и Ляйлякском районах.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ НА АКТИВНОСТЬ ФЕРМЕНТОВ ПРИ ПРОРАСТАНИИ СЕМЯН ХЛОПЧАТНИКА
Authors: Рашидова Дилбар , Даминова Диларом , Мирзамова Барно
Published: October 2023

В статье представлены результаты исследований по определению активности ферментов в проростках хлопчатника, семена которых перед посевом были обработаны различными концентрациями препарата Экостимул, полученного на основе пероксида водорода Н2О2, и биологически активных препаратов Органик-1, Органик-2 (выделенных из стеблей дерезы, изогнутой - Licium flexicaule Pojark.) и Гледан (выделенного из семян гледичии G. tricanthos). Установлено, что применяемые препараты обладают стимулирующим действием на активность ферментов пероксидазы и каталазы и, что при действии препарата Экостимул (0,75%) во время прорастания семян повышается физиолого-биохимическая активность пероксидазы более, чем в 2, а активность каталазы - в 1,4 раз. Повышение активности ферментов способствовало ускорению прорастания семян на 2-3 дня.
РАЗВИТИЕ БОКАЛОВИДНЫХ КЛЕТОК ДВЕНАДЦАТИПЕРСТНОЙ КИШКИ БРОЙЛЕРОВ ПРИ СКАРМЛИВАНИИ ЭНТЕРОСОРБЕНТА СО СТАТОВЫМ РАЦИОНОМ
Authors: Просекова Елена , Черепанова Надежда , Панина Елена , Сафонов Александр , Абдурасулов Абдугани
Published: October 2023

Из суточных бройлеров кросса “Конкурент» было сформировано 2 группы. Контрольная группа получала основной рацион. Опытная группа в течение первых 3 дней с основным рационом получала энтеросорбент Энтеросгель (0,008%). Гистологические исследования проводили в суточном, 4- и 49-дневном возрасте. Бокаловидные клетки (БК) выявляли с помощью ШИК-реакции, подсчитывали их количество в поле зрения и определяли плотность расположения БК в поле зрения 1000 мкм2. В 4-дневном возрасте плотность БК в криптах двенадцатиперстной кишки была ниже в опытной группе на 45,9%(Р≤0,001), вероятно, энтеросорбент оказывает защитное действие на слизистую, что снижает необходимость в выработке слизи. В 49-дней плотность БК в ворсинках и криптах была ниже на 20,1 и 47,3% (Р≤0,001%), вероятно, это компенсировалось большим развитием этих слоев.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РЕПРОДУКТИВНОЙ ФУНКЦИИ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА
Authors: Абдурасулов Абдугани , Муратова Рахима
Published: October 2023

В статье представлены сведения по улучшению воспроизводства стад крупного рогатого скота мясного направления продуктивности. Приведется материалы репродуктивной особенности и оплодотворяемости коров от первичного осеменения, продолжительности сервис-периода, индекса осеменения и межотельного периода. В условиях фермерских и индивидуальных хозяйств Чон-Алайского района всего от первичного осеменения оплодотворяемость составляла 69,3% или 104 голов, этот показатель по сравнению со стандартными требованиями отличный. Индекс осеменения составил 1,5, также считается очень хорошим показателем. В целом осемененные коровы с замороженным семенем отличались высокими репродуктивными качествами, что определяет их перспективность использования при комплектовании высокопродуктивных мясных маточных стад.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ БЕЛКОВОГО КОНЦЕНТРАТА В РАЦИОНАХ ВЫСОКОПРОДУКТИВНЫХ КОРОВ
Authors: Сычева Лариса , Юнусова Ольга
Published: October 2023

В статье приводятся результаты изучения использования в рационах высокопродуктивных коров черно-пестрой породы за 14 дней до отела и в течение 100 дней после отела белкового концентрата по определению его влияния на продуктивные качества и физико-химические показатели молока. В период проведения эксперимента подопытные животные всех групп содержались в одинаковых условиях. Рационы кормления лактирующих коров были сбалансированы по основным питательным веществам и соответствовали физиологическому состоянию. Включение в состав рациона белкового концентрата «Агро-Матик» в количестве 0,9 кг на голову в сутки способствовало достоверному повышению суточного удоя молока натуральной жирности на 10,86% (Р≤0,05), а также улучшению качественных показателей молока: достоверное превышение массовой доли белка и массовой доли жира в молоке коров составило 0,37 и 0,19% (Р≤0,05).
Devising surrogate models for parametric flow problems: from microfluidics to viscous turbulent flows
Authors: Giacomini Matteo
Published: October 2023

Parametric studies in computational fluid dynamics require testing of a large number of admissible configurations. In this webinar, high-fidelity surrogate models based on the high-order hybridisable discontinuous Galerkin method and non-intrusive reduced order models based on the finite volume solver OpenFOAM will be presented, with applications spanning from geometrically parametrised problems in microfluidics to parametric flow control problems in viscous laminar and turbulent incompressible flows.
Membrane functionalization in artificial cell engineering
Authors: Hindley James
Published: October 2023

Bottom-up synthetic biology aims to construct mimics of cellular structure and behaviour known as artificial cells from a small number of molecular components. The development of this nascent field has coupled new insights in molecular biology with large translational potential for application in fields such as drug delivery and biosensing. Multiple approaches have been applied to create cell mimics, with many efforts focusing on phospholipid-based systems. This mini-review focuses on different approaches to incorporating molecular motifs as tools for lipid membrane functionalization in artificial cell construction. Such motifs range from synthetic chemical functional groups to components from extant biology that can be arranged in a ‘plug-and-play’ approach which is hard to replicate in living systems. Rationally designed artificial cells possess the promise of complex biomimetic behaviour from minimal, highly engineered chemical networks.
On some computational challenges in numerical simulations of stably stratified flows
Authors: Bodnar Tomas
Published: October 2023

The stratified flows are common physical phenomena typically found in many environmental and industrial problems. Although being studied for many decades and centuries, new problems associated with their solution by means of high resolution numerical methods arise in simulations of related practical problems. The talk will focus on some issues found while solving the wall bounded stably stratified flows under a range of Froude and Reynolds numbers. The problems of choice of suitable numerical methods, computational setup and selection of soft boundary conditions on artificial boundaries will be discussed in detail. Selected results of stably stratified flow over a 3D hill will be presented to demonstrate the main points of the talk.
In-situ fabrication of ZnO thin film electrode using spent Zn–C battery
Authors: Sahajwalla Veena
Published: October 2023

In consideration of effective supercapacitors which are also affordable and lightweight, metal oxides can be considered because of the higher charge storage capability. This work establishes the in situ fabrication of a supercapacitor electrode, employing spent Zn–C batteries as precursor. Every year, extensive number of waste batteries including Zn–C battery end up in landfill, which prolonged the compulsion of waste disposal in landfill and creates environmental and health threat. The transformation of waste battery materials into fabricating components for energy applications, is of great significance for sustainable strategies but it is a challenging work to produce nanomaterials with purity by green methods. The present study proposes the in situ fabrication of ZnO NPs as ultra-thin film on a porous silicon (P-Si) substrate from spent Zn–C battery at 900 °C in the horizontal tube furnace under argon atmosphere. The particles were around 45 nm size and semi-spherical in morphology and showed uniform distributions all over the substrate as a discrete ultra-thin film. The ZnO ultra-thin film basically comprised of several ZnO film layer which stacked with each other periodically and made one thin layer of   390 nm, where the single layer was   45 nm. Formation of ZnO NPs were detected by the analysis of XRD, EDS and XPS. Using cyclic voltammetry as well as impedance spectroscopy in 0.6 M KOH as electrolyte, electrochemical properties of developed electrodes and supercapacitor have also been examined. The ZnO/P-Si electrode demonstrated a highest value of specific capacitance 547 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1 scan rate. Obtained results demonstrate that spent Zn–C battery can be selected to fabricate the energy storage devices which can offer economical, technological and environmental advantages.
Installation of offshore wind turbines: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Jiang Zhiyu
Published: October 2023

Dr. Zhiyu Jiang discusses Installation of offshore wind turbines: challenges and opportunities.
Machine Learning Anomaly Detection using Binary Visualisation
Authors: Shiaeles Stavros
Published: October 2023

Internet of Things devices have seen a rapid growth in recent years. The ubiquity of IoT devices with the limitation of resources, it is becoming increasingly harder to protect against security threats such as malware due to the fact that they are evolving faster than the defence mechanisms. The traditional security systems are not able to detect unknown malware as they use signature-based methods. In this work we aim to address this issue by introducing a novel IoT malware traffic analysis approach using machine learning and binary visualisation. The work was supported by European Union under the CYBER-TRUST project https://cyber-trust.eu/ which aims to develop an innovative cyber-threat intelligence gathering, detection, and mitigation platform, as well as, to perform high quality interdisciplinary research in key areas for introducing novel concepts and approaches to tackle the grand challenges towards securing the ecosystem of IoT devices.
The Hawaiian Koʻa Card: coral health and bleaching assessment color reference card for Hawaiian corals
Authors: Bahr Keisha
Published: October 2023

Coral reefs are the foundation to our social, cultural, and economic life; however, reefs around the world are currently being threatened by many local and global impacts. Ongoing increases in seawater temperature pose significant threats to the integrity of these valuable ecosystems through extensive coral bleaching events. Therefore, we developed a coral health reference card, the Hawaiian Koʻa (coral) Card, to assess and quantify coral bleaching and to educate the community about its impacts in Hawai‘i. To accurately quantify the change in coral color during bleaching, controlled laboratory studies followed by field validations and surveys were conducted. Colors presented on the Hawaiian Koʻa Card have been linked to physiological state and health (e.g., symbiont density, chlorophyll levels, photosynthetic performance) of common coral species in Hawaiʻi due to bleaching. The Hawaiian Koʻa Card provides a technical solution to inform and improve management of our nearshore resources through collaborative monitoring efforts by community members, educators, researchers, and managers on a state-wide scale, which will assist in determining management efficacy, identifying regions and species of resilience, establishing baselines and focus areas, and developing and executing rapid response plans.