bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of refractive technologies Femto Lasіk and ReLEx SMILE on the development of dry eye syndrome and the quality composition of tears in eyes with myopia and myopic astigmatism
Authors: Zavhorodnia N. H. , Doroshenko Yu. Yu. , Poplavska I. O.
Published: January 2025

Aim. To improve the quality of surgical treatment of myopia and myopic astigmatism by refining the indications for the selection of the correction method based on the study of tear crystallography.
Materials and methods. The article presents the results of the surgical treatment of 45 patients (90 eyes) with mild and moderate myopia and myopic astigmatism, who underwent vision correction using ReLEx SMILE and Femto Lasіk methods at the Visus Clinic of Modern Ophthalmology (Zaporizhzhia). Among the patients, there were 20 (45 %) men and 25 (55 %) women aged between 19 and 38 years (mean age 27.28 ± 1.08 years). They were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 25 patients (50 eyes) who underwent vision correction using the ReLEx SMILE method. The second group included 15 patients (30 eyes) who underwent vision correction using the Femto Lasіk method. All patients underwent standard ophthalmological examinations, refractive diagnostics, and tear crystallography.
Results. In the postoperative period, the location and number of salt crystals in the central zone slightly changed. In the first group, multiple randomly located quadrangular crystals appeared in 6 eyes (12.0 %) compared to 2 eyes (4.0 %) before surgery. In the second group, these crystals were observed in 4 eyes (13.3 %), indicating minor changes in the salt component of the tear fluid, slightly more pronounced in the second group.
Conclusions. The study showed a minor impact of Femto Lasіk and ReLEx SMILE refractive surgeries on the protein-electrolyte state of the tear. Within a month after refractive surgery, the protein-salt composition of the tear, according to crystallography data, fully recovered in 96.0 % of cases where the ReLEx SMILE method was used and in 86.7 % of cases where the Femto Lasіk method was used (statistically significant difference p < 0.05). This allows for a preference for the ReLEx SMILE method when choosing a correction method for refractive anomalies, especially in eyes showing signs of dry eye syndrome.
Analysis of the prevalence of tobacco smoking in different age groups of patients with ischemic heart disease taking gender into account
Authors: Zhurba O. O. , Lazoryshnets V. V. , Rudenko A. V. , Rudenko K. V.
Published: January 2025

The aim to analyze the prevalence of classic and electronic cigarette smoking among patients with coronary artery disease of different ages, taking into account gender.
Materials and methods. The study included patients with CAD (n = 3674), both male (n = 3061) and female (n = 613). The material for analysis was anamnestic data on smoking classic or electronic cigarettes. The research design is based on the patient’s age group according to the WHO classification and gender.
Results. It was found that men with coronary artery disease smoke classic cigarettes significantly more often than women (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 37.37). It was established that female patients smoke electronic cigarettes significantly more often than male patients (p = 0.008, χ2 = 7.12). It was determined that the frequency of women who have never smoked is significantly higher than the frequency of male patients (p = 0.005, χ2 = 8.03). It was found that in young male patients, the frequency of smoking classic cigarettes is significantly lower than the frequency in age groups: middle age (р = 0.0001, χ2 = 48.27), old age (р = 0.0001, χ2 = 64.80); oldest age (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 24.04). It was found that middle-aged female patients smoke classic cigarettes significantly less than men of the same age (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 56.02); respectively, in the old age group (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 40.47) and in the oldest age group (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 35.70). When analyzing smoking cessation, it was found that the frequency of individuals significantly increased with age in male patients. As for female patients who quit smoking, the reverse trend was established: with age, the proportion of people who quit smoking reliably decreased.
Conclusions. It was found that men with coronary heart disease smoke classic cigarettes significantly more often (р = 0.0001, χ2 = 37.37). It was established that among young men, the frequency of smoking classic cigarettes is significantly lower than the corresponding frequency among middle-aged men (р = 0.0001, χ2 = 48.27) and old men (р = 0.0001, χ2 = 64.80) and oldest age men (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 24.04). It was found that female patients smoke electronic cigarettes significantly more often than men (p = 0.008, χ2 = 7.12). It was found that female patients smoke classic cigarettes significantly less in: middle age (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 56.02), old age (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 40.47) and oldest age (p = 0.0001, χ2 = 35.70).
Immunohistochemical evaluation of colorectal carcinoma: experience of a four-year study
Authors: Sravani Muchalapuri , Fatima Fatima , Fatima Rasheed , Deepthi K. N. , Karamchedu Shilpa , Nishadbanu Shaikh , Swetha Allam
Published: January 2025

Colorectal carcinomas (CRC) is the third most common cause of death in developed countries. Invoking of primary site of carcinoma of unknown origin using immunohistochemistry is essential for accurate diagnosis, and also for targeted therapies.
Aim. This study aimed to assess immunohistochemical expression of CK7, CK20, and CDX2 in colorectal carcinomas, and to evaluate their diagnostic role.
Materials and methods. A retrospective study was performed on 36 paraffin blocks of documented colorectal carcinomas were stained by immunohistochemical technique using a tissue microarray with CK7, CK20 and CDX2 markers. The resulted data were statistically analyzed.
Results. There was a negative association between CDX2 expression and histologic grade (p = 0.03), as well as T-pathologic stage (p = 0.01). CK7-ve / CK20+ve immune profile showed a specificity of 95 % in predicting the colorectal adenocarcinomas, which was superior to that of CDX2. CDX2 loss is related to tumour grade and depth (T-stage).
Conclusions. Both CDX2 expression, and CK7-ve / CK20+ve are the most sensitive, and specific markers to diagnose the colorectal carcinoma. CK7-ve / CK20+ve expression is used as specific marker for colorectal carcinoma for targeted therapy.
Dynamics of regeneration following transplantation of octacalcium phosphate into an experimental defect in the rabbit mandibular bone: electron microscopic and morphometric study
Authors: Chelpanova I. V.
Published: January 2025

The relevance of this research lies in the in-depth exploration of bone tissue remodeling dynamics following the creation of a defect and its filling with osteoplastic material. Despite the known results of osteoplastic materials application in clinical practice, complete and high-quality regeneration of the maxillofacial bone, its mechanisms and dynamics remain incompletely understood, requiring further clarification and detailed study.
Aim. The aim of this study is to determine the dynamics of histoarchitectural changes in the bone-ceramic regenerate after transplantation of octacalcium phosphate into an experimental defect in the rabbit mandible.
Materials and methods. Adult male rabbits aged 6–7 months and weighing 2.5–3.0 kg were used for the study. The control group consisted of animals with a bone defect that healed under a blood clot. The experimental group consisted of rabbits in which the bone defect was filled with an osteotropic material containing octacalcium phosphate. Post-traumatic bone tissue status within the defect area was monitored for 84 days. Ultrastructural changes were studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. To determine changes in the regenerate composition, three parameters were counted. The data was analyzed using the Student’s t-test, and a difference at p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results. Studying the surface relief characteristics of the experimental bone defect in the lower jaw after implantation of the octacalcium phosphate material revealed numerous regenerative changes that occurred after the injury and correlated with the dynamics of changes in the relative area of bone tissue, osteoplastic material, and connective tissue in the regenerate. Morphometric analysis of the relative area of the regenerative components of the experimental defect established a phased nature of the dynamics of the studied changes. It was established that the osteocytic lacunar-canalicular system formed after implantation of the material acquired features of typical structure. Foci of incomplete osteogenesis were not visualized. Unlike control animals, in the zone of the outer bone plate after application of the octacalcium phosphate material, the osteons of the regenerate in their structure and geometry did not differ from the typical structure of the maternal bone.
Conclusions. It was established that in the experimental group of animals where the defect was filled with octacalcium phosphate material, a regular increase in the relative area of bone tissue in the regenerate was observed, which in terms of dynamics was similar to that in the control group, however, in terms of intensity of changes it significantly differed from the control, approaching the norm in terms of the studied indicators.
Protocol for pathologic examination of bladder cancer according to the updates of the 5th edition of the WHO classification (2022): biopsy and transurethral resection specimens
Authors: Bondarenko N. S. , Bondarenko O. O. , Polion M. Yu. , Hrytsenko P. O. , Shponka I. S.
Published: January 2025

Bladder cancer (BC) is the ninth most common malignancy in the world, and BC morbidity and mortality prevail in industrialized countries and, in particular, in Central and Eastern Europe compared to global rates. The availability of a standardised structured protocol for pathological examination of primary biopsy and transurethral resection (TURBT) samples of the bladder, including the latest updates to the 5th edition of the WHO classification of urinary and male genital tumours (2022), will significantly improve the quality of diagnosis and influence the choice of the optimal trajectory for further treatment.
The aim of the study is to highlight the key updates of the latest WHO classification of BC (2022), to study the standards and protocols for pathological examination of BC specimens used in world practice, as well as to develop a Ukrainian version of the protocol for pathological examination of BC, which will include clinically relevant aspects.
Materials and methods. Analysis of literature in PubMed and Web of Science databases using the keywords: bladder cancer, pathology report, grade, stage, histological subtype, biopsy, TURBT, WHO 2022.
Results. The review highlights the latest updates of the WHO classification of BC cancer and proposes standardized pathology protocol for specimens after primary biopsy/TURBT, developed by adapting existing international recommendations of the College of American Pathologists and the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting.
Conclusions. Adaptation and standardization of the pathological examination protocol for BC will significantly improve the quality of diagnosis, improve the choice of appropriate therapy and may pave the way for the future development of standardized pathological examination protocols for tumors of other localizations for their widespread use by pathologists in Ukraine.
Effect of cellular protein kinases blockade on the s100 retina expression in experimental diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Usenko K. O. , Rykov S. O. , Dyadyk O. O. , Ziablitsev S. V.
Published: January 2025

The positive effect of cellular protein kinases blockade in diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR) justifies the need to clarify molecular mechanisms, among which the trigger regulatory role belongs to calcium-binding proteins S100.
Aim: to establish the expression of S100 protein in retinal tissues and the effect of cellular protein kinases blockade with Sorafenib on it in experimental DR.
Materials and methods. Diabetic retinopathy was modeled in male Wistar rats. For this purpose, they were administered a single injection of streptozotocin at a dose of 50 mg/kg (Sigma-Aldrich, Co, China). Experimental rats were divided into three groups: control; with the administration of insulin 30 U (NovoNordiskA/S, Bagsvaerd, Germany); with the administration of insulin and sorafenib at a dose of 50 mg/kg (Cipla, India). Monoclonal antibodies against S100 (ThermoFisher Scietific, USA) were used during immunohistochemical studies.
Results. With the development of experimental DR, the expression of S100 protein significantly increased in the bodies and processes of astrocytes and Müller cells. The latter were mainly located in the inner nuclear layer, significantly increased in size and had a process-like shape (reactive gliosis). Intensely stained S100-positive astrocyte fibers were in close contact with microaneurysms that formed on the retina inner surface. The appearance of individual S100-positive cells in the outer layers of the retina was noted. Treatment of animals with insulin led to a decrease in the expression of the S100 protein, and the use of Sorafenib prevented the activation of the expression of the S100 protein, preventing the development of DR, reactive gliosis, and the formation of microaneurysms on the inner surface of the retina.
Conclusions. One of the mechanisms of the positive effect of Sorafenib in DR was discovered – the prevention of reactive gliosis, which prevented early manifestations of DR.
Predictors of radiological progression of rheumatoid arthritis while receiving conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
Authors: Iaremenko O. B. , Mykytenko G. M.
Published: January 2025

The aim of the work is to study the predictors of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) radiological progression while using conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs).
Materials and methods. 163 patients with RA who were prescribed csDMARD were included in the study. Most of them were female 141 (86.5 %); mean age was 50.1 ± 12.0 years, disease duration 37.5 ± 56.3 months. Rheumatoid factor (RF) was detected in 53.3 % of patients, and antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP) – in 54.0 %. Logistic and linear regression were used to analyze independent risk factors for radiological progression of RA and results were expressed as odds ratio (OR). Statistical processing was carried out using SPSS 29.0 software.
Results. During 2 years of study, radiological progression according to the OMERACT 4 criteria was observed in 104 patients (63.8 %): in 97 patients (59.5 %) according to the total van der Heijde’s Sharp score (SHS); 53 (32.5 %) – erosion scale; and 99 (60.7 %) – narrowing scale. The dynamics of the average values of the total SHS and its components (erosive and narrowing scales) were 11.50 ± 14.20 (р < 0.001), 3.29 ± 5.86 (р < 0.01) and 8.30 ± 15.90 (p < 0.001) respectively. The mean increase in total SHS was 5.75 per year, while 41 patients (25.2 %) had radiological remission. In multivariate and ROC analyses, higher titers of ACCP (OR 0.06 [0.05; 0.09]) and RF (OR 0.01 [0.002; 0.02]), as well as the patient’s global assessment by visual analogue scale (OR 0.15 [-0.02; 0.33]) were independently associated with the risk of radiological progression of RA.
Conclusions. The radiological progression of RA is observed in 63.8 % of patients with undergoing csDMARDs therapy. Only one in four patients achieves radiological remission. Independent predictors of radiographic progression in patients with RA are higher titers of ACCP, RF and higher values of patient’s global assessment by visual analogue scale at baseline.
Ultrafine industrial aerosol as an occupational risk factor for sintering industry workers
Authors: Sharavara L. P. , Dmytrukha N. M. , Andrusyshyna I. M.
Published: January 2025

Aim. Assessment of the physicochemical characteristics of suspended particulate matter of the ultrafine range present in the air of the working area of the sintering factory of a metallurgical plant.
Materials and methods. The assessment and analysis of the physicochemical parameters of ultrafine particles were carried out in different areas of the sintering factory of the metallurgical plant. The parameters were measured using a portable scanning spectrometer Nanoscan 3910 (USA). The chemical composition of the suspended particulate matter was determined by the method of optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (OES-IZP) using the device “Ortima 2100 DV” (PerkinElmer, USA).
Results. It was estimated that the concentration of suspended particulate matter of ultrafine size in the main part of the sintering machine ranged from 3.02 × 104 to 3.12 × 104 per cm3, in the tail part of the sintering machine – from 5.09 × 104 to 7.59 × 104 per cm3, in the sintering machine control room No. 1 – from 2.06 × 104 to 2.38 × 104 per cm3, in the workers of the control group – from 1.43 × 104 to 1.73 × 104 per cm3. The quantitative concentration of suspended particulate matter by individual sizes at all workplaces of the sinter plant workers compared to workers of the control group had a significant difference. Values of the total surface area and surface volume of suspended particulate matter of the nano-sized range had their maximum in the tail part and near the head of the sintering machine, the lowest values were recorded around the control room and among the employees of the plant management department. The highest mass concentration of ultrafine particles was recorded in the tail part of the sintering machine (22.55 μg/m3 to 508.35 μg/m3), which is associated with a significant amount of suspended particulate matter of a larger size (≥115.5 nm). The chemical composition of the particles of the ultrafine range included aluminum, calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, silicon, and phosphorus, which is explained by the specifics of the technological process, and the exceeding of the hygienic standard was observed for calcium, silicon and phosphorus.
Conclusions. It was established that during the sintering of the agglomerate in the agglomeration compartment, many suspended particles of the ultrafine range are formed. They included aluminum, iron, manganese, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus, and calcium. Significantly higher values of the number, mass concentration, surface area and surface volume of suspended particulate matter were determined at the workplaces of sintering factory workers, which had a statistically significant difference compared to the workers of the control group.
Multiple acute complications of transarterial chemoembolization of liver metastases
Authors: Abu Shamsia R. N. , Zakharash Yu. M.
Published: January 2025

The aim of the work: to describe a clinical case of treatment of multiple acute complications after transarterial chemoembolization of liver metastases in a patient with pancreatic cancer.
Materials and methods. Patient M., 52 years old, sought medical help at the “DIEVO” Medical Center for Surgical Solutions. He had previously been treated for pancreatic cancer in other medical institutions.The patient’s anamnestic data, features of his previous treatment, including transarterial chemoembolization of liver metastases, were studied. The patient underwent a clinical examination, laboratory and instrumental studies, as a result of which multiple acute complications were diagnosed. The council of specialists made a decision to optimize the treatment tactics.
Results. On the 24th day after hospitalization, the patient, after completing treatment at the medical center, was discharged from the clinic in a satisfactory condition for further outpatient treatment and observation by an oncologist at his place of residence. For timely diagnosis of purulent-septic complications after transarterial chemoembolization of liver metastases, in addition to ultrasound, computer, magnetic resonance imaging, careful clinical monitoring of the patient and a comprehensive assessment of his health are required.
Conclusions. Careful clinical observation of the patient, comprehensive laboratory and instrumental examination of the patient with ultrasound, computer, magnetic resonance imaging, etc. are important prerequisites for timely diagnosis of possible purulent and septic complications after transarterial chemoembolization of liver metastases.
Ex situ cultivation of the endangered savin junipers (Juniperus sabina L.) from the Western Carpathians
Authors: Jadwiszczak Katarzyna , Parzonko Sylwia , Mazur Małgorzata , Marcysiak Katarzyna , Boratyński Adam , Bona Agnieszka
Published: January 2025

Ex situ conservation methods provide immediate insurance against extinction of relict trees and shrubs in the wild. To be well-managed, the living collection should be well-studied in respect of the place of origin of the individuals, their taxonomic status, and genetic variation. Using 12 nuclear microsatellite loci, we analysed 22 shrubs of Juniperus sabina L. var. sabina (savin juniper), cultivated in the Kórnik Arboretum (Poland) and sourced from a Tertiary relict population in the Pieniny Mts. (Western Carpathians). We found 2 clonal pairs of individuals and a pair of full siblings. The genetic diversity parameters were rather low: NA = 2.5 alleles per locus, HO = 0.316, HE = 0.326, and the inbreeding coefficient was also very low (GIS = 0.03). The individuals formed 3 groups in the principal coordinates analysis (PCoA), but 2 of these groups were genetically close. The Bayesian clustering analysis revealed that the specimens belonged to 2 genetic groups. We recommend that the cultivation of J. sabina var. sabina should be carefully protected, as it represents remnants of the Tertiary genetic diversity of the species.
Parámetros de variabilidad glucémica de la monitorización continua de glucosa como predictores de diabetes: evaluación prospectiva en una población general sin diabetes
Authors: Valle Rodríguez Andrea , Rodríguez García Javier , Camiña Darriba Felix , Ortolá Devesa Juan B. , Rodríguez-Segade Villamarín Santiago
Published: January 2025

Objetivos

Evaluar prospectivamente la capacidad de distintas métricas de variabilidad glucémica obtenidas mediante monitorización continua de glucosa (MCG) para la predicción del desarrollo de diabetes en una población sin diabetes.

Métodos

Se incluyeron 497 participantes sin diabetes del estudio AEGIS. Los participantes utilizaron un sistema de MCG (iPro2®) durante seis días. Se evaluaron las siguientes métricas: desviación estándar (SD), coeficiente de variación (CV) y amplitud media de las excursiones glucémicas (MAGE). Los sujetos fueron seguidos durante una media de 6 años. Se utilizaron curvas ROC para determinar la capacidad predictiva de las métricas de variabilidad glucémica y se calcularon la sensibilidad y especificidad.

Resultados

De los 497 participantes, 16 mujeres (4,9 %) y 9 hombres (5,2 %) desarrollaron diabetes. Las concentraciones iniciales de HbA1c y glucosa en ayunas fueron significativamente más altos en aquellos que progresaron a diabetes. Las métricas de variabilidad glucémica también fueron significativamente mayores en estos individuos (SD: 18 vs. 13 mg/dL; CV: 17 % vs. 14 %; MAGE: 36 vs. 27 mg/dL; p<0,001 en todos los casos). La SD mostró la mayor AUC (0,81), con una sensibilidad del 80 % y una especificidad del 72 % para un punto de corte de 14,9 mg/dL. Las AUC fueron mayores en hombres para todas las métricas estudiadas.

Conclusiones

Las métricas obtenidas por MCG, especialmente la SD, son predictores efectivos de la progresión a diabetes tipo 2 en una población sin diabetes. Estos hallazgos sugieren la utilidad de la variabilidad glucémica en la identificación temprana de individuos en riesgo de desarrollar diabetes.
The rise of ternary quantity and its alignment with laryngeal articulations
Authors: Kuznetsova Natalia
Published: January 2025

The paper discusses languages with ternary quantity of vowels and consonants, analysing the evolutionary mechanisms of the rise of ternary quantity and its alignment with lexicalised laryngeal articulations. Six shared evolutionary mechanisms based on vowel coalescence and segment lengthening or shortening are distinguished, and a couple of alternative paths. Tonal stressless languages show a symmetric system where the voice quality contrast is “orthogonal” to both quantity and pitch. Stress languages manifest two types of asymmetric alignment between overlength (Q3) and laryngeal articulations: “synergistic” and “antagonistic”, the latter being more common across language groups. It appears that the synergistic alignment might instead reflect the situation in which the lexicalised laryngeal contrast is more recent and more dependent on the quantity contrast than in case of the antagonistic alignment. Additionally, an outline of an articulatory model which might account for the rise of the observed quantity-laryngeal-pitch templates in languages with ternary quantity is proposed.
Impact of diabetes on long-term survival in elderly liver cancer patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Chen Dan , Gao Xiaoxiao , Wang Yaqing
Published: January 2025

Background and aim

Liver cancer is a prevalent and life-threatening condition, particularly among elderly individuals. The association between diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder, and the onset and advancement of liver cancer has been widely acknowledged. However, the effect of diabetes on the survival of older patients with liver cancer has been a topic of debate. In light of this, we undertook a retrospective study to assess the impact of diabetes on the overall survival (OS) of elderly individuals diagnosed with liver cancer.

Methods

In this retrospective analysis, we examined clinical data from liver cancer patients aged 80 years or older who underwent diagnosis and treatment at a solitary medical center from January 2010 to December 2019. Comprehensive records encompassing baseline information, treatment protocols, diabetes history, and mortality during follow-up were meticulously documented. Employing the Kaplan–Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model, we sought to assess the influence of diabetes on both the OS and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in elderly individuals diagnosed with liver cancer.

Results

This study comprised 244 elderly liver cancer patients, with 68 individuals reporting a history of diabetes. In the unadjusted Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, the diabetes group exhibited a lower OS compared to the non-diabetes group. Utilizing a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, diabetes emerged as a prognostic factor influencing OS (hazard ratio, HR = 1.782 [1.163–2.743], P = 0.043). Regarding RFS, unadjusted Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed a diminished RFS in the diabetes group compared to the non-diabetes group. In the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, diabetes remained a significant prognostic factor impacting RFS (HR = 1.742 [1.083–1.546], P = 0.041).

Conclusion

Our study indicates a significant impact of diabetes on both OS and RFS among elderly liver cancer patients. These insights may contribute to more precise guidance and recommendations for the treatment of this specific demographic, offering valuable information for healthcare practitioners working with elderly individuals diagnosed with liver cancer.
Impact of early and late morning supervised blood flow restriction training on body composition and skeletal muscle performance in older inactive adults
Authors: Peskett Logan E. , Thomson Amy M. , Arnason Julia K. , Paudel Yadab , Sénéchal Martin
Published: January 2025

Objectives

To investigate the impact of a supervised blood-flow restriction (BFR) training program performed at different times of the morning on body composition and muscle performance in older, inactive adults.

Methods

A single-arm intervention of supervised BFR resistance training was performed three times per week for six weeks. Participants (n=24; aged 65+ years) were categorized into early morning (n=13; 05:00–08:59) or late morning (n=11; 09:00–12:00) groups. Primary outcomes were changes in body composition, total work, average peak power, average peak torque, muscle strength, and physical function.

Results

Mixed model analysis of variance revealed a significant within-subject effect of time for all strength measures (p ranging from 0.017 to <0.001) and some physical function measures including the 30 s chair stand test, 30 s bicep curl test, and grip strength (p ranging from 0.015 to <0.001). No between-group or time by group interaction effect was observed for all outcomes.

Conclusions

This study showed that only six weeks of BFR training, performed at different time of the morning, did not enhance muscle mass and performance, but provided similar changes in muscle strength and some physical function tests in older adults.
“PEIXE É IGUAL GENTE”: etnoecologia da pesca entre os vazanteiros-pescadores do Médio Rio Tocantins
Authors: De Castro Vonínio Brito , Barros Flávio Bezerra
Published: January 2025

Neste estudo, descrevemos e analisamos os conhecimentos etnoictiológicos acumulados pelos vazanteiros-pescadores do Médio Rio Tocantins e algumas das cosmologias associadas à prática da pesca. A pesquisa envolveu trabalho de campo com entrevistas semi-estruturadas e não estruturadas numa abordagem qualitativa sob o suporte da “observação participante” e da “análise situacional”. O estudo revela que o rio e os peixes têm uma dinâmica interdependente e tanto as espécies como a própria práxis estão atreladas à dinâmica da lua. Com isto, além de dias e horários específicos para a pesca, apetrechos e técnicas próprias de pesca têm sido desenvolvidos e aperfeiçoados ao longo de mais de dois séculos de convívio nessa região. A reprodução dos conhecimentos associados à pesca, incluindo a fabricação artesanal dos apetrechos e técnicas usadas se dá por um processo remoto de aprendizagem doméstica sustentado na prática. Isto tem permitido sua continuidade bem como a peerpetuidade de todo um corpus que inclui as particularidades de cada peixe e os tabus, ao longo das gerações por mais de dois séculos. Segredos e cosmologias sobre a biota aquática têm sido desenvolvidos, moldados e transmitidos culturalmente, o que tem contribuído para a continuidade dos vazanteiros-pescadores mesmo após o barramento do rio.
Arqueologia Histórica numa residência rural de Simões Filho, Bahia
Authors: Costa Carlos Alberto Santos , Oliveira Clarissa Wetzel de , Dias Jeanne Almeida
Published: January 2025

Neste artigo, abordamos o sítio arqueológico Simões Filho 3, situado em cidade homônima, na Bahia. Identificado em decorrência do licenciamento ambiental da rodovia BA-093, entre os anos de 2013 e 2017, o espaço foi estudado pela perspectiva da Arqueologia Histórica. As escavações arqueológicas e o repertório artefatual analisados demonstram uma ocupação, ocorrida entre o final do século XVII e século XVIII, de uma unidade residencial/doméstica isolada na zona rural, associada a indivíduos com baixo poder aquisitivo e, provavelmente, com algum tipo de influência africana. A inserção dessa ocupação no território do Recôncavo Norte, relacionada aos dados históricos conhecidos sobre a região, permite interpretar esta residência como integrante dos caminhos de circulação e comércio de gado da propriedade do Capitão-Mór Cristóvão da Rocha Pita.
Seleção Natural e biossemiótica: biologia e antropologia se renovam
Authors: Silva Gláucia
Published: January 2025

As contribuições de Richard Lewontin e de Stephan Jay Gould bem como a recente recuperação da semiótica de Jakob von Uexküll, por Kalevi Kull e outros biólogos, propiciam a reformulação do princípio da seleção natural como paradigma unificador da teoria evolutiva, enfatizando os aspectos relacionais e significativos que enredam os seres vivos. Esta abordagem, que vem sendo chamada de biossemiótica, sustenta que os sistemas perceptivos dos seres vivos lhes garantem a capacidade de representação do mundo, devendo ser compreendidos como sujeitos de sua existência, contrariando a visão segundo a qual os organismos seriam apenas produto da seleção de mutações ocorridas ao acaso. O presente trabalho oferece uma reflexão sobre o alcance explicativo da teoria da seleção natural, trazendo as contribuições dos cientistas mencionados.
O que é e o que não é Antropologia e Arqueologia Forense: considerações sobre as aplicações da Bioantropologia nas Ciências Forenses.
Authors: Plens Claudia Regina , De Souza Camila Diogo
Published: January 2025

Este breve artigo tem como objetivo explicitar os parâmetros da Antropologia Forense enquanto uma disciplina multidisciplinar, evidenciando, sobretudo, as diferenças entre a Antropologia e a Arqueologia Forense. A Antropologia Biológica (Bioantropologia) atuou historicamente e atua de forma ativa nas definições e nos parâmetros dos dois campos de conhecimento na atualidade, porém suas contribuições não devem atribuir primazia à aplicação de uma em relação a outra área nas Ciências Forenses. A Antropologia Forense hoje busca ir além da estimativa do perfil biológico dos indivíduos e a Arqueologia Forense não se restringe apenas aos métodos e técnicas de escavações arqueológicas adotadas em contextos forenses. Ambas, de forma distintas, complementares e por meio de suas especificidades teóricas e metodológicas, constituem instrumentos fundamentais para aprimorar e validar evidências legais, contribuindo na atuação judicial criminalística e na garantia dos Direitos Humanos.
Arqueologia nas fronteiras da Baixada Maranhense: as ocupações pré-históricas dos sítios Boca do Campo e Mearim 01 e possíveis relações com as estearias
Authors: Navarro Alexandre Guida , Reis André Heron Carvalho dos , Oliveira Wesley Charles de
Published: January 2025

Este artigo resulta do trabalho de gestão arqueológica que culminou no resgate de dois sítios da Baixada Maranhense no curso da implantação do Projeto de Extensão da Estrada de Ferro Carajás, no Pará, até o porto de Itaqui, no Maranhão. O primeiro deles, o sítio Boca do Campo está situado em uma área alagável, sendo seu material arqueológico similar aos assentamentos de tipo estearias, caracterizadas pela construção de aldeias em cima de esteios, dentro dos lagos e rios da região. O outro sítio arqueológico é o Mearim 01, que está assentado em terra firme, cujo material arqueológico, mais antigo que o das estearias, assemelha-se mais ao dos grupos Tupis. A conclusão é que a sequência cronológica da área indica uma transição de ocupação do território de terra firme (sítio Mearim 01) para uma área alagada (sítio Boca do Campo). Parece que os povos que habitaram o sítio Boca do Campo copiaram as formas modeladas da cerâmica das estearias, evidenciando, deste modo, uma nítida fronteira cultural entre ambas as ocupações.
O papel da antropologia biológica na educação e na divulgação científica
Authors: Hubbe Mark , Inglez Mariana , Oldershaw Leigh
Published: January 2025

O estudo de aspectos biológicos atrelados a fatores socioculturais na espécie humana tem sido o foco de várias pesquisas orientadas pela Antropologia Biológica. Com longo histórico de atuação e inúmeros laboratórios de pesquisa na Europa e nos Estados Unidos, a Antropologia Biológica ainda é menos representativa na América Latina e no contexto do Brasil particularmente. O potencial das pesquisas realizadas para promoção de impactos sociais positivos em nossa sociedade, em especial pensando-se na promoção de políticas públicas para inclusão, saúde humana e ambiental, e sustentabilidade, acaba sendo minimizado pelo cenário atual onde se observa distanciamento entre o conhecimento acadêmico o que é acessado pela população mais ampla. No presente artigo, os autores apresentam a importância da divulgação científica e do diálogo entre cientistas e a comunidade para além dos muros da academia, com foco em sua experiência em Antropologia Biológica. Compartilhando suas experiências no contexto norte-americano e brasileiro, os autores visam estimular atividades de disseminação do conhecimento entre os colegas de profissão. Destacando a importância de definir claramente os objetivos, a factibilidade e o potencial transformativo de cada proposta, defendemos que as atividades de divulgação científica podem fazer parte do cotidiano dos grupos de pesquisa na disciplina.  Com base nas experiências dos autores, o principal objetivo deste artigo de opinião é oferecer estimular colegas Bioantropólogos a explorarem ativamente o potencial da divulgação científica em nesta área do conhecimento
Antropologia Biológica e Paleoantropologia: exemplos da pesquisa brasileira
Authors: Bernardo Danilo Vicensotto , Neves Walter Alves , Campos Tamires Carolina
Published: January 2025

A paleoantropologia é um campo que apresenta baixa difusão na ciência brasileira.  Esse fato pode ser explicado devido à complexidade e competitividade da área, além da dificuldade de acesso, caso o pesquisador não pertença a um grande centro de pesquisa. Pensando nisso, apresentamos dois caminhos viáveis para aqueles pesquisadores que se interessem em estudar Evolução Humana, mantendo-se vinculados as instituições brasileiras. O primeiro caminho apresentado, é a realização de sínteses teóricas críticas, aprofundando o conhecimento difundido pela disciplina. O segundo caminho apresentado, defende a produção de pesquisas competitivas, a partir do fundamento científico de falseabilidade e replicabilidade através da utilização de dados já publicados, objetivando colaborar com debates vigentes e possibilitar interpretações alternativas. Com o intuito de exemplificar esses caminhos, apresentamos uma síntese quanto as origens do gênero humano, e a primeira saída da África. Em seguida, realizamos uma análise com metodologia alternativa, baseada em dados presentes na literatura especializada, contribuindo para a discussão quanto a posição taxonômica do Australopithecus sediba. Por fim, demonstramos as possíveis contribuições que a Antropologia Biológica brasileira pode trazer para os estudos macroevolutivos humanos.
Entrevista: Walter Neves
Authors: Hubbe Mark
Published: January 2025

A entrevista com o Prof. Walter Neves pode ser acessada em: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m-uayh2v91s
Entrevista: Claudia Rodrigues-Carvalho
Authors: Hubbe Mark
Published: January 2025

A entrevista com a Professora Cláudia Rodrigues-Carvalho pode ser acessada em:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1tAvz3796LI
Impregnation and bonding of hybrid wood-based materials in automotive body shell
Authors: Burnett Moira , Ritter Nina , Berthold Dirk , Heise Jannis , Ratsch Nils , Kahlmeyer Martin
Published: January 2025

The behaviour of wood-metal composites was evaluated during cathodic dip coating, which is a standard corrosion protection process for metals in automotive engineering. In this process, the materials are exposed to chemical and thermal stresses, which is a challenge for wood and composites based thereon, especially in terms of the durability of the adhesive and the differences in thermal expansion. In this study, a hydrophobic surface sealant was proposed to mitigate these negative effects by reducing moisture absorption during dipping baths. The mechanical properties, including flexural strength, tensile strength and impact strength of aluminium-plywood composites were evaluated. It was found that impregnation with low-viscosity resins improved the mechanical properties by increasing the bulk density of the wood. Although the dip coating process reduced the strength of the impregnated samples, they maintained higher values compared to the non-impregnated samples. The dip coating process significantly reduced the tensile strength of the non-impregnated samples, while the impregnation protected the samples and maintained the tensile strength. It was concluded that hydrophobic surface sealing by impregnation is crucial for improving the mechanical properties of wood composites in automotive applications, as it reduces moisture absorption and maintains mechanical integrity during the dip coating process.
Influence of strand size on the bending properties of parallel strand bamboo
Authors: Zhu Wenli , Zhou Jiannan , Chen Guo , Qiu Zhenyu
Published: January 2025

Most bamboo composites are designed referring to the specifications of wood structures. However, this approach is inadequate due to the volume difference between bamboo bundles and other fibers. Previous studies have investigated the effects of strand size of parallel strand bamboo (PSB) in tension and compression. Here, to investigate the impact of varying span-height ratio on the flexural characteristics of PSB, specimens with five different section heights were designed. Numerical simulations were performed to reveal the deformation, the failure process, and the load carrying ability of the PSB beams. The first-order anisotropic beam theory was applied to predict the internal forces. The results show that the bending property of the PSB is closely related to the section height. It is recommended that the dimension of length × width × height (300 mm × 20 mm × 30 mm) should be the most appropriate specimen size for the bending experiment. The error between the theoretical value and the test value was only about 0.4%. These endeavors can facilitate the establishment of bending test standards for bamboo structures.
Monitoreo de radiación de fondo y tasas de dosis en bibliotecas. Resultados en la Ciudad Universitaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos en Lima, Perú
Authors: Villarreyes Eduardo , Torres Rodrigo , Tello Victor , Villanueva Raul , Patino Galo , Baltuano Oscar
Published: January 2025

Detailed measurements of background radiation in counts per minute (cpm) and dose rates (µSv/h) have been conducted in all the libraries of the National University of San Marcos, located in the University City of Lima, Peru. Radiation measurements were carried out using Geiger-Müller counters to ensure a thorough evaluation of background radiation levels in these educational settings. The results show that the detected radiation levels range between \(14 \pm 1.22\) and \(26 \pm 1.14\) cpm, with an average of \(22 \pm 1.32\) cpm. Additionally, the dose rate values in the libraries range between \(0.16 \pm 0.02\) and \(0.25 \pm 0.03\) \(\mu Sv/h\), with an average of \(0.21 \pm 0.02\) \(\mu Sv/h\). The measurements were conducted in late June and early July 2024, a period of high student concentration due to the proximity of final exams. The facilities of the various libraries span from the ground floor to the third floor, which did not affect the distribution of background radiation measurements. Although factors such as building types or air quality were not considered in this study, these aspects are recognized as relevant and are suggested for future research, which could utilize more sophisticated measurement equipment. This analysis provides a valuable reference for subsequent studies on background radiation in university environments, and the data obtained can be used to compare radiation levels in different contexts and to implement appropriate safety measures to protect students and library staff.
Lesiones neumónicas en bovinos y porcinos sacrificados en la procesadora municipal de carne de Colima, México
Authors: Topete-Bustamante Daniel A. , Ochoa-Gómez Alejandro , García-Valle Jorge L. , Ruíz-Ramírez Johnatan , García-Márquez Luis J. , Macedo-Barragán Rafael
Published: January 2025

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la prevalencia y describir las lesiones pulmonares de bovinos y porcinos sacrificados en la Procesadora Municipal de Carne de Colima, México, así como establecer su asociación con la procedencia, sexo y edad del animal. Se recolectaron muestras de pulmones de porcinos y bovinos con lesiones mediante visitas semanales durante cuatro meses, recabándose datos sobre su distribución, consistencia y tipo de exudado. Las muestras fueron fijadas en formalina bufferada al 10% para su proceso histológico con técnicas de rutina. De 873 y 2657 bovinos y porcinos sacrificados, 102 (11.7%) y 400 (15.1%) pulmones presentaron lesiones. Los bovinos menores de tres años y los procedentes del estado de Jalisco presentaron una mayor proporción de bronconeumonías supurativas en tanto que, las bronconeumonías fibrinosas y las neumonías intersticiales fueron más frecuentes en los cerdos procedentes del estado de Jalisco y Colima respectivamente. Se concluye que las bronconeumonías supurativas y fibrinosas fueron las de mayor presencia en los bovinos y cerdos sacrificados en la Procesadora Municipal de Carne de Colima, respectivamente. El tipo de neumonía presentado por los cerdos y bovinos se asoció significativamente con su procedencia y en el caso de estos últimos con la edad.
Caracterización genética mediante microsatélites del ganado criollo y Holstein del trópico alto sur del Ecuador
Authors: Méndez Silvana , Soria Manuel , Vallecillo Antonio J. , Guevara Guillermo E. , Palacios Estuardo , Andrade Omar , Bustamante Jorge
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to analyse the gene and genotypic parameters using microsatellites of Creole bovine (CB) from the high southern tropics of Ecuador and contrasting them with registered Holstein bovine (HB); For this, blood was collected from 7 CC and 3 BC subpopulations. Fifteen markers grouped into 4 mixtures were analysed; 1) CSRM60, INRA083, CSSM66; 2) ETH3, HEL9, TGLA53, BM1818, ILSTS006; 3) BM2113, ETH225, TGLA122, ETH10; and 4) TGLA227, INRA032, SPS115. Genetic variation parameters were determined: number of alleles (Na), number of effective alleles (Ne), frequency of null alleles (f-Null), observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected (He), Polymorphism Information Content (PIC), inbreeding coefficients (Fis), Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWe). In addition, a dendrogram was constructed based on Nei’s distances and identities, and finally, the AMOVA multilocus analysis. In most of the loci, the CB presented a higher number of Na and Ne than the HB. Some markers do not have HWe. Regarding Ho, there was no significant difference between BC and BH, except for the ETH3 marker. In the dendrogram, the BC and BH subpopulations were in two groups on nearby branches of the tree, but well differentiated from each other. A variance percentage of 6% was found between subpopulations. In conclusion, BC differ from BH in a greater number of alleles in 80% of the markers and high heterozygosity. In addition, the BC and BH populations show defined phylogenetic distances. The ETH3 marker allows to clearly differentiate BC from BH.
Crecimiento y calidad de la canal del cerdo Pelón pos-destetado alimentado con harina de follaje de plantas arbóreas
Authors: Castellón M. Claudia Teresita , Lemus F. Clemente , Bugarín P. Job Oswaldo , Grageola N. Fernando , Dzib C. Dany Alejandro , Ángel H. Arturo
Published: January 2025

The aim of the study was to compare the inclusion of 10% leaf meal from the trees Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (chaya), Morus alba (mulberry) and Moringa oleifera (moringa) in the conventional corn-soybean meal diet of post-weaning pigs of the Mexican Hairless Pig (Cerdo Pelón Mexicano) to improve growth and carcass quality parameters. In total, 28 24-day-old piglets were used, distributed in four experimental groups similar in number, sex and weight. The animals were fed ad libitum for 28 days and slaughtered at 59 days of age with a final weight of 6.8 ± 0.3 kg. A completely randomized block design statistical model was used with the initial weight as covariance. The variables final weight, daily weight gain, carcass length and thorax roundness were greater (p<0.05) in the groups fed with chaya and moringa. The thickness of the dorsal fat decreased with the use of foliage trees in the diets. The colorimetric variables a, b and C index presented higher values (p<0.05) in the chaya and Control treatments. It is concluded that foliage tree meals decrease the thickness of dorsal fat, that chaya and moringa increase the values in the growth parameters and chaya increases the quality of the meat of the post-weaning hairless piglets.