bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated survey design for blended acquisition with irregular spatial sampling via the integration of a metaheuristic and deep learning
Authors: Nakayama Shotaro , Blacquière Gerrit , Ishiyama Tomohide
Published: April 2019

Blended acquisition along with efficient detector and source geometries allows for a cost-effective operation. The outcome of subsequent deblending and data reconstruction is of primary importance in determining the technical success of this manner of data acquisition. Despite its advantages over conventional seismic surveys, finding optimum survey parameters is a difficult task. Although incorporating irregularity into spatial sampling and blending schemes leads to effective deblending and data reconstruction, it inherently provides a significantly large problem space. We have developed a survey-design workflow to provide acquisition parameters that account for the source blending as well as the spatial sampling of detectors and sources in an automated manner. Our method involves an iterative scheme to derive the survey parameters that lead to optimum deblending and data reconstruction quality. The approach deals jointly with deblending and data-reconstruction via a sparse inversion in the frequency-wavenumber domain coupled with constraints based on causality and coherency. The residue from this process is subsequently used to update the survey parameters by integrating a genetic algorithm and a convolutional neural network (CNN). Bioinspired operators enable the simultaneous update of the blending and sampling operators. To relate the choice of survey parameters to the performance of deblending and data reconstruction, we have used a CNN. The applied network architecture successfully rejects suboptimal solutions among newly generated ones from genetic operators. Consequently, only optimal ones are fed into the subsequent step, making our approach computationally affordable. We apply our workflow to design a seismic survey that incorporates the dispersed source array concept. A comparison among different survey-design strategies highlights the ability of the method to effectively derive optimum solutions. The resultant acquisition scenario derived from our approach yields a notable enhancement of deblending and data reconstruction quality attributed solely to the choice of survey parameters.
A new, practicable and economical cage design for experimental studies on small honey bee colonies
Authors: Sonter Carolyn A. , Rader Romina , Wilson Susan C.
Published: April 2019

Bees are in decline globally due to multiple stressors including pests, pathogens and contaminants. The management of bees in enclosures can identify causes of decline under standardized conditions but the logistics of conducting effect studies in typical systems used across several colonies is complex and costly. This study details a practicable, new and economical cage system that effectively houses live honey bee colonies to investigate the impact of physical conditions, biological factors and environmental contaminants on honey bee health. The method has broad application for a range of effect studies concerning honey bee development, physiology, survival and population dynamics because it enables entire colonies to be managed well in captivity, as opposed to individual workers.
«Μνημονικοί νόμοι» και ιστορικοί: η ευρωπαϊκή εμπειρία
Authors: Αβδελά Έφη
Published: April 2019

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη.
Γριγκόρι Αρς, Ο Ιωάννης Καποδίστριας στη Ρωσία, πρόλογος Βασίλης Παναγιω τόπουλος, μετάφραση Αναστασία Μπελοζέροβα, Βιβλιοθήκη Κέντρου Ελληνο­ρωσικών Ιστορικών Ερευνών (Κ.Ε.Ρ.Ι.Ε.), Αθήνα, Ασίνη 2015
Authors: Λούκος Χρήστος
Published: April 2019

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Θανάσης Μποχώτης, Ελέγχοντας τον τόπο του παρελθόντος: η γερμανοελληνική σχέση εξουσίας στις ανασκαφές της Ολυμπίας (1869-1882), Ηράκλειο, Πανε πιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης, 2015
Authors: Γιαλούρη Ελεάνα
Published: April 2019

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Γιάννης Ζαϊμάκης - Ελένη Φουρναράκη (επιμ.), Κοινωνία και αθλητισμός στην Ελλάδα. Κοινωνιολογικές και ιστορικές προσεγγίσεις, Αθήνα, εκδόσεις Αλεξάνδρεια, 2015
Authors: Κόκκινος Γιώργος
Published: April 2019

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Άγγελος Νταλαχάνης, Ακυβέρνητη παροικία. Οι Έλληνες στην Αίγυπτο από την κατάργηση των προνομίων στην έξοδο 1937-1962, Ηράκλειο, Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης, 2015
Authors: Αγριαντώνη Χριστίνα
Published: April 2019

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Κωστής Καρπόζηλος, Κόκκινη Αμερική. Έλληνες μετανάστες και το όραμα ενός Νέου Κόσμου 1900-1950, Ηράκλειο, Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης, 2017
Authors: Χατζηιωσήφ Χρήστος
Published: April 2019

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
ΧΡΟΝΙΚΟ ΤΗΣ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑΣ ΜΕΛΕΤΗΣ ΝΕΟΥ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΜΟΥ 2016
Authors: ΕΜΝΕ ΕΜΝΕ
Published: April 2019

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
A qualitative descriptive analysis of nurses' perceptions of hospice care for deceased children following organ donation in hospice cool rooms
Authors: Tatterton Michael J , Summers Rachel , Brennan Caroline Y
Published: April 2019

Background:

Following organ donation, bodies of children are generally cared for in hospital mortuaries or by funeral directors, and their families are offered little routine bereavement support. A partnership between an organ donation nursing team and regional children's hospice trialled an initiative where families were offered bereavement support from the hospice, and their child's body was cared for in a ‘cool room’ after death. Hospice services are usually restricted to children with life-limiting conditions, and their families.

Objective:

To explore the perceptions and experience of nursing staff who are involved in supporting families of children and young people who have been cared for in children's hospice cool rooms after death, following organ donation.

Design:

A qualitative exploratory study consisting of a focus group interview with registered nurses from the children's hospice and organ donation teams.

Method:

A purposeful sample of nurses was recruited. Data were collected in a digitally-recorded focus group interview during March 2018. The interview was transcribed and analysed using a qualitative content approach.

Results:

Six nurses participated in the focus group. Analysis revealed five themes that characterised the perceptions of nurses: (i) barriers to care, (ii) bereavement care for families, (iii) impact on families and staff, (iv) influencers and enablers of change, and (v) sustainability of new practices.

Conclusion:

Nurses perceived the long-term, responsive and family-centred approach to bereavement support as a strength of the hospice model, reducing the experience of moral distress in organ donation nurses.
The role and function of the palliative care nurse practitioner in Israel
Authors: Haron Yafa , Romem Anat , Greenberger Chaya
Published: April 2019

Background:

Research studies emphasise the importance of the nurse practitioner (NP) role in the continuum of care, patient health outcomes, and the formation of a positive work environment. There are different reports about the extent of care delivered by the nurse practitioner in different fields of expertise and in different countries.

Aim:

To present the characteristics of nurse practitioners in Israel, the extent of the role and practice, activities, role responsibilities, and job satisfaction.

Methods:

A descriptive computerised survey targeted palliative care nurse practitioners (PCNP). The study included nurses from all regions and districts in Israel, regardless of the nurses' health maintenance organisation or hospital affiliations.

Results:

NPs reported performing fewer frequent physical assessments, medication prescriptions issued, and lab and imaging referrals.

Conclusion:

The complexity of the implementation of the NP role requires prior planning for role introduction, mentorship for the NP, and understanding of the interface between the NP and other professional staff.
In touch
Authors: Anne O'Connor Anne , Dickinson Kath
Published: April 2019

How the tactile sense develops in young children, and its purpose in relation to physical and emotional health. By Anne O'Connor and Dr Kath Dickinson
The Assessment of Serum Drug Levels to Diagnose Non-Adherence in Stable Chronic Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Pelouch Radek , Voříšek Viktor , Furmanová Věra , Solař Miroslav
Published: April 2019

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of drug non-adherence in stable chronic heart failure (CHF) patients using serum drug levels (SDL) assessment. Methods: CHF patients were prospectively enrolled during scheduled outpatient visit. Except standard procedures an unanticipated blood sampling for the SDL assessment was obtained. Analysis was focused on the prescribed heart failure and antihypertensive medication and was performed by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The patient was labelled as non-adherent if at least one of drugs assessed was not found in the serum. In the first half of patients multiple SDL have been evaluated during the follow-up. Results: Eighty one patients were enrolled. The non-adherence was proven in twenty of them (25%). In the subgroup of thirty eight patients with multiple SDL evaluation the non-adherence raised significantly with increasing number of visits assessed together (21% for single visit, 29% for two of three visits assessed together and 34% for all three visits evaluated together, all p < 0.001). Conclusion: The non-adherence was proven in significant part of stable CHF patients using SDL assessment. This method seems to be reliable and effective and should be a part of clinical assessment in selected patients with CHF.
Rhetorical functions of quotations in late pre-imperial and early imperial memorials on questions of civilian-military leadership
Authors: Schwermann Christian
Published: April 2019

The present paper analyzes the rhetorical functions of verbal parallels in selected pre-imperial Qín 秦 (prior to 221 B.C.E.) and early imperial Qín (221–206 B.C.E.) and Western Hàn 漢 (206/202 B.C.E.–9 C.E.) memorials. Following the lead of Richard L. Schultz (The Search for Quotation: Verbal Parallels in the Prophets, 1999), it furnishes evidence that the authors of these petitions and remonstrances, which normally had to be submitted to the throne in writing before they could be orally presented to kings or emperors, employed quotations not only to embellish their statements or to give authority to them but also utilized them as argumentative figures of thought. In the samples under review, citations serve as elementary links in the argumentative chain of the quoting texts and even add a second layer of meaning to them, thus providing access to their argumentative “deep structure”. Moreover, when employed as structural devices, verbal parallels organize the memorials by introducing new argumentative steps not only from the point of view of contents but also formally through being topicalized and embedded into causal clauses and therefore can serve as criteria for dividing these texts into sense-units.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Diazinon in Aqueous Solutions Using Immobilized MgO Nanoparticles on Concrete
Authors: Ahmadifard Tayebeh , Heydari Rouhollah , Tarrahi Mohammad Javad , Khorramabadi Ghodratollah Shams
Published: April 2019

Photocatalytic degradation of diazinon in the aqueous solution using UV light and MgO nanoparticle (NPs) immobilized on the concrete was investigated. Prepared catalyst was characterized using TEM, XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques. The results showed that the average particle size of immobilized MgO NPs was 38.3 nm and NPs appropriately was coated on the concrete surface. The performance of degradation and mineralization of diazinon was evaluated by HPLC and TOC techniques, respectively. The effect of operational parameters including pH value, initial pesticide concentration, and contact time were studied on the removal and mineralization of diazinon by a photocatalytic process. The results showed that the MgO NPs and UV light had little effect in removing pesticide when used individually. On the other hand, diazinon can be effectively degraded by immobilized MgO NPs in the presence of UV light. Degradation products of diazinon using the proposed photocatalytic technique were identified by the GC-MS analysis. The maximum diazinon removal (99.46 %) was obtained under the conditions; pH 7, diazinon concentration of 5 mg/L, and contact time of 120 minutes. Also, the lowest energy consumption conditions were as follow; pH 7, diazinon concentration of 5 mg/L, and contact time of 30 minutes.
Reinvestigating the Determinants of Lifelong Learning: Can Pedagogy for Critical Thinking Contribute to Developing Lifelong Learners?
Authors: Homayounzadeh Maryam
Published: April 2019

The aim of the current study is to investigate practically the determining factor(s) affecting the students’ inclination to become lifelong learners and further to verify the potential effect of pedagogy for critical thinking to play a significant role in this respect. Participants in the study were 80 freshman English majors, found mostly through the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) questionnaire to be amotivated as learners. Primarily, significant variables, identified in the literature to affect the students’ inclination to grow as lifelong learners, were specified. The criteria were applied in practice to investigate their relative contribution in making a group of amotivated freshman English majors motivated as lifelong learners. Various instruments and materials from questionnaires to student writings were used to collect data concerning the identified variables so as to identify through both quantitative and qualitative analyses the most determining one(s) in educating lifelong learners. The results suggested critical thinking as the most consequential variable involved. Implications of the study for pedagogy in higher education were discussed and questions were raised for future studies to take into account.
The Relation Between Personal Traits, Organisational Commitment and Burnout at Work
Authors: Laima Milkintaitė
Published: April 2019

The aim of this article is to present relations between fire fighters’ personal traits, organisational commitment and burnout at work. The results of quantitative research showed that fire fighters with lower emotional stability tend to burnout at work much more than those who have higher emotional stability. The lower agreeableness, conscientiousness and extraversion impact fire fighters’ higher burnout at work. Fire fighters’ higher organisational commitment links to lower burnout. Fire fighters’ higher emotional stability links to higher organisational commitment. And the higher fire fighters’ empathy, agreeableness, conscientiousness and extraversion links to higher organisational commitment.
Evaluation of the Teaching Methods Used in Secondary School Biology Lessons
Authors: Porozovs Juris , Liepniece Laura , Voita Daina
Published: April 2019

The teacher’s skills in conducting the lesson and choice of teaching methods play an essential role in creating students’ interest in biology. The aim of the research was to study the opinion of secondary school students and biology teachers regarding the most successful teaching methods used in biology lessons and viable options to make biology lessons more interesting. The research comprised polling students and biology teachers from several schools, namely: 2 secondary schools in Jelgava, 2 in Riga and 1 in Vecumnieki. The responses revealed that 58% of students find biology lessons interesting. 56% of students indicated that their ability to focus attention during biology lessons depends on the task presented to them. Most of all they prefer watching the teacher’s presentations, listening to their teacher telling about the actual topic as well as performing laboratory work and group-work. Many students like participating in discussions, whereas a far smaller number would do various exercises, individual tasks, fill out worksheets or complete projects. Least of all students wish to work with the textbook. The methods most frequently applied by teachers are as follows: lecture, explanation, demonstration, and discussion. Teachers believe that their students prefer laboratory work and discussions as well as listening to their teacher and watching presentations or films. They also indicate at the necessity to link theory with practice and to involve information technologies. While teaching their subject biology teachers try to establish relationship between theory and real life in order to develop their students’ interest in natural processes.
Emotions of Primary School Pupils in Mathematics Lessons
Authors: Helmane Ineta
Published: April 2019

The article describes and analyses theoretical and empirical materials about the pupils’ emotions in the process of teaching/learning mathematics in a primary school. The aim of the article is to investigate the experienced emotions by pupils when learning mathematics in a primary school and highlight the factors arousing emotions in learning mathematics in primary school. The article analyses the data obtained in empirical research on the emotions experienced by pupils during mathematics lessons in primary school. In questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, pupils reveal what gave them positive emotions in mathematics lessons, as well as what made them experience negative emotions. Based on the analysis of empirical data, we highlighted the factors of learning mathematics in primary school that caused positive emotions; however, the failure to comply with these factors caused negative factors in pupils. As a result of the research, it is possible to select the factors facilitating positive emotions while teaching mathematics in primary school.
Biodanza Effects on Stress Reduction and Well-Being – A Review of Study Quality and Outcome
Authors: Stueck Marcus , Tofts Paul S.
Published: April 2019

Biodanza is a new approach towards health and well-being. It aims to work with dance and group experiences to reinforce intra- and inter-individual resources, reduce stress and increase well-being. Up to 2016, 13 studies and one systematic review about Biodanza studies have been published. The Research Network BIONET was created in order to connect researchers and to find a consensus on the standards of good quality studies. In this review, the authors summarised seven Biodanza studies on stress reduction and well-being. The authors describe and create criteria to evaluate the quality of the research works inspired by international standards of clinical and social scientific intervention research. In several studies, Biodanza has an effect on impatience, ability to recover, feeling of activation, physiological sympathetic activity (e.g. heart rate, skin response), increased mood, feeling of well-being, immunological effectiveness on IgA and increased expression of emotion. One study also showed the effect on stress reduction. Also there was a large difference between those who choose Biodanza (they have a significant lower status of stress reduction) and the other groups. In this study, the dropout rate was high (42%); in the other studies, it was under 10%.
Teacher – Facilitator of Meaningful Learning in Preschool
Authors: Priede Ligita , Vigule Dagnija
Published: April 2019

Activity is one of the key structural elements of free, independent and creative personality. Independence of child is closely related to cognitive activity and the need to satisfy it. Planning of pedagogical process in pre-school should be based on the fact, understanding that child is learning via voluntary investigating, doing and solving issues of a cognitive character. While in the middle of a learning process, child is not learning to remember certain facts, but cognises oneself and own abilities. By keeping the balance between promotion of child’s own discoveries and direct teaching, the teacher helps in finding answers to the many questions child has, thus promoting cognition and creative activity thereof. If an adult tells pre-schooler what he should or should not do and makes him to accomplish certain tasks, cognition activity of child is not satisfied and learning has not taken place. Moreover, if the tasks are the same and given to all children in the same time, child’s individuality, development level of each particular child and freedom of choice are disregarded. This research is aimed at theoretical and empirical study of preconditions for meaningful learning in preschool. The theoretical background of the research consists of findings about learning activities of pre-schoolers published by pedagogues and psychologists known both in Latvia and abroad. Within the framework of the issue to be researched, the following was analysed: experience of preschool teachers in divided into frequency and interpretation (by using descriptive and inferential statistics (IBM SPSS Statistics-v19.0)), and experience of pre-schoolers at older age when working with worksheets.
Conceptualizing Success And Performance for Adult Learners: Merging the Contexts of Adult Education and Professional Training
Authors: Rieger Gil
Published: April 2019

This article examines the concepts of learning performance and learning success within the context of adult learners. The focus is on how these concepts have been defined in the literature, as they are anchored in different didactic theories and how they can effectively be applied to learning contexts with adults. Due to the divergent approaches and definitions in the literature, this article compares, categorizes and merges the literature, providing an overview and recommendations for practice. The overview refers to a critical examination of constructivism based approaches compared to other didactic learning theories such as cognitivism or behaviorism. Adult education presents itself as a dynamic area that can develop progressively, in both the professional and educational environments. Nowadays, it is important to be able to collect and use information quickly. This makes it possible to gain an advantage and deal with problems or questions in more focused ways. One must deal with increasing demands and a higher number of competitors not only in professional life. A synthesis of the literature can be presented by examining the terms of learning performance and learning success in different approaches, regarding implementations, definitions, historical developments as well as continuative and connected concepts, tendencies or point of views.
Antenatal dexamethasone treatment transiently alters diastolic function in the mouse fetal heart
Authors: Agnew E J , Garcia-Burgos A , Richardson R V , Manos H , Thomson A J W , Sooy K , Just G , Homer N Z M , Moran C M , Brunton P J , Gray G A , Chapman K E
Published: April 2019

Endogenous glucocorticoid action is important in the structural and functional maturation of the fetal heart. In fetal mice, although glucocorticoid concentrations are extremely low before E14.5, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is expressed in the heart from E10.5. To investigate whether activation of cardiac GR prior to E14.5 induces precocious fetal heart maturation, we administered dexamethasone in the drinking water of pregnant dams from E12.5 to E15.5. To test the direct effects of glucocorticoids upon the cardiovascular system we used SMGRKO mice, with Sm22-Cre-mediated disruption of GR in cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle. Contrary to expectations, echocardiography showed no advancement of functional maturation of the fetal heart. Moreover, litter size was decreased 2 days following cessation of antenatal glucocorticoid exposure, irrespective of fetal genotype. The myocardial performance index and E/A wave ratio, markers of fetal heart maturation, were not significantly affected by dexamethasone treatment in either genotype. Dexamethasone treatment transiently decreased the myocardial deceleration index (MDI; a marker of diastolic function), in control fetuses at E15.5, with recovery by E17.5, 2 days after cessation of treatment. MDI was lower in SMGRKO than in control fetuses and was unaffected by dexamethasone. The transient decrease in MDI was associated with repression of cardiac GR in control fetuses following dexamethasone treatment. Measurement of glucocorticoid levels in fetal tissue and hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (Crh) mRNA levels suggest complex and differential effects of dexamethasone treatment upon the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis between genotypes. These data suggest potentially detrimental and direct effects of antenatal glucocorticoid treatment upon fetal heart function.
Effects of a n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched diet on embryo production in dairy cows
Authors: Freret S , Oseikria M , Bourhis D Le , Desmarchais A , Briant E , Desnoes O , Dupont M , Le Berre L , Ghazouani O , Bertevello P S , Teixeira-Gomes A P , Labas V , Uzbekova S , Salvetti P , Maillard V , Elis S
Published: April 2019

Beneficial effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation on dairy cow reproduction have been previously reported. The objectives of the present study were to assess whether n-3 PUFA supplementation would affect in vitro embryo production (IVP) after ovarian stimulation. Holstein cows received a diet with 1% dry matter supplementation of either n-3 PUFA (n = 18, microencapsulated fish oil) or a control, n-6 PUFA (n = 19, microencapsulated soy oil). Both plasma and follicular fluid FA composition showed integration of total PUFA through the diet. All cows underwent an IVP protocol consisting of ovarian stimulation, ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval (ovum pick-up, OPU, five per cow) followed by in vitro maturation, fertilisation and 7 days of embryo development. A tendency toward an increase in the blastocyst rate (diet effect, P = 0.0865) was observed in n-3 cows, with 49.6 ± 5.5% vs 42.3 ± 5.5% in control n-6 cows. A significant increase (diet effect, P = 0.0217) in the good-quality blastocyst rate (freezable blastocysts) was reported in n-3 cows (42.2 ± 7.7%) compared to control n-6 cows (32.7 ± 7.7%). A significant difference in lipid composition was shown in the oocytes recovered by OPU from n-3 and n-6 treated cows, by intact single-oocyte MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The 42 differentially abundant identified lipids were mainly involved in cell membrane structure. In conclusion, n-3 PUFA supplementation enhanced oocyte quality and modified their lipid composition. Further studies are necessary to investigate the potential link of these lipid modifications with enhanced oocyte quality.
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Unique Relationships AmongEleusineSpecies and Heritage ofEleusine coracana
Authors: Zhang Hui , Hall Nathan , Goertzen Leslie R , Chen Charles Y , Peatman Eric , Patel Jinesh , McElroy J Scott
Published: April 2019

Relationships in the genus Eleusine were obtained through transcriptome analysis. Eleusine coracana (E. coracana ssp. coracana), also known as finger millet, is an allotetraploid minor crop primarily grown in East Africa and India. Domesticated E. coracana evolved from wild E. africana (E. coracana ssp. africana) with the maternal genome donor largely supported to be E. indica; however, the paternal genome donor remains elusive. We developed transcriptomes for six Eleusine species from fully developed seedlings using Illumina technology and three de novo assemblers (Trinity, Velvet, and SOAPdenovo2) with the redundancy-reducing EvidentialGene pipeline. Mapping E. coracana reads to the chloroplast genes of all Eleusine species detected fewer variants between E. coracana and E. indica compared to all other species. Phylogenetic analysis further supports E. indica as the maternal parent of E. coracana and E. africana, in addition to a close relationship between E. indica and E. tristachya, and between E. floccifolia and E. multiflora, and E. intermedia as a separate group. A close relationship between E. floccifolia and E. multiflora was unexpected considering they are reported to have distinct nuclear genomes, BB and CC, respectively. Further, it was expected that E. intermedia and E. floccifolia would have a closer relationship considering they have similar nuclear genomes, AB and BB, respectively. A rethinking of the labeling of ancestral genomes of E. floccifolia, E. multiflora, and E. intermedia is maybe needed based on this data.
Integrating Non-Friction-Based Braking Technology into Locomotives to Improve Train Efficiency, Durability, and Safety
Authors: Wanamaker Christian
Published: April 2019

While frictional braking is an intuitive method by which to slow vehicles, it is also a costly braking method due to the fact that frictional brakes wear down due to frequent use and high quantities of friction. On trains, this problem is worse because of their constant use and because heavier objects require stronger braking forces. The objective is to improve locomotive performance by developing a braking system that utilizes non-frictional braking technology to cut these costs and yield safer, more durable brakes. This project is directed towards dieselelectric3 locomotives with air brakes, as engineers can design blended braking systems that integrate non-frictional braking into these braking systems. The candidate solutions include regenerative, rheostatic, and hydrodynamic braking, two of which use magnetic fields, and the third of which uses fluid drag forces. Regenerative braking is the proposed solution due to its ability to harness and use electricity during braking. Project success would contribute to railway company success by reducing expenses spent on air brakes; it would also contribute to locomotive manufacturer success because the product will likely become a popular technology. Finally, it would benefit the environment by reducing the external energy required by the railway network. Keywords: Locomotive, braking, non-frictional, regenerative, rheostatic, hydrodynamic, diesel-electric
Axiological and Methodological Assumptions of the Study of the Fall of the First Polish Republic in the Historical Works by Celina Bobińska
Authors: Pasisz Piotr
Published: April 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstracts in English and Polish] 

The article presents an analysis of the fall of the First Polish Republic in selected works of the PRL historian Celina Bobińska. The issue scope follows the field of the history of historiography which in a narrow sense is the history of historical science. Such research is part of using the words of Andrzej Feliks Grabski, so-called “The subjective history of historiography”. In addition to the intellectual biography of the historian, his work is analysed in the context of changes taking place in the paradigms of practising historical research. I focus on the theoretical and methodological assumptions and the assessments resulting from the adoption of a specific, historically and culturally oriented axiology. The main research questions I ask myself are: What theoretical and methodological assumptions accompanied Celina Bobińska during the examination of the question of the collapse of the Polish state and how the axiology accepted by it conditioned the assessment of this event. The source database – selected monographs by Bobińska from 1949–1956 as the most representative of her work during this period.
IMPROVING THE CHITINOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF STREPTOMYCES GRISEORUBENS E44G BY MUTAGENESIS
Authors: Hafez Elsayed , Mohamed Rashad Younes , Mohamed Abdulkhair Waleed , Abdulrahman Al-Askar Abdulaziz , Mohamed Ghoneem Khalid , Awad Baka Zakaria , Mohamed Shabana Yasser
Published: April 2019

Genetic improvement trials of the chitinolytic activity of Streptomyces griseorubens E44G were made by using physical, chemical and site-directed mutagenesis. Although the UV radiation, as a physical mutagen, was shed on the tested bacteria for different durations (5, 10, and 15 min), no change in the chitinolytic activity was observed when compared with the wild type. To induce the chemical mutagenesis, S. griseorubens E44G was treated with ethylmethane sulfonate for varied durations (20, 40, and 60 min). The chitinolytic activity decreased with the increment in the exposure period. Four different sets of primers were designed based on the DNA sequence of the wild type of S. griseorubens E44G.Overexpressionof chitinase-encoding genes was observed as three of the amplified mutated genes comparing with the wild-type gene. The chitinolytic activity of the recombinant gene P2 increased by 1.39-fold comparing with the wild-type gene. The molecular weight of the chitinase protein produced by the mutated gene was determined by SDS-PAGE. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that the recombinant gene of S. griseorubens E44G possess a higher level of chitinolytic activity than that of the wild-type. Genetic improvement of the chitinolytic activity of S. griseorubens E44G may enhance their biocontrol potential against phytopathogenic fungi.
ASSOCIATIVE TO TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. BACTERIA AS A SOURCE OF STRAINS FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY OF THE RHIZOSPHERE
Authors: Melnichuk Tatyana , Egovtseva Anna , Abdurashytov Suleiman , Abdurashytova Elvina , Kameneva Irina , Yakubovskaya Alla , Radchenko Aleksandr , Ganotskaya Tatyana , Radchenko Lyudmila
Published: April 2019

Associative microorganisms live in the zone of direct influence of plants namely in the soil, which is in close contact with the roots. They form complex communities on the roots of plants in terms of taxonomic composition and structural and functional o8rganization, which have polyfunctional effect on plants. Rhizosphere biotechnologies with the use of associative bacteria to a specific plant species allow increasing their productivity and quality, which contributes to the stability of agroecosystems. Therefore, the main goal of the current study was to isolate associative to Triticum aestivum L. bacteria from the southern chernozem (Haplic Chernozems), which was sampled in the steppe zone of the Crimea. The methodical approach was used to select associative microorganisms for a specific plant species. The number of microorganisms of the main ecological-trophic groups for three varieties T. aestivum were determined. The maximum number of rhizosphere microorganisms was identified for the Ermak variety, as well as the number of morphotypes isolated from the apical part of the root. As a result of the research, six strains of associative bacteria were obtained. They increased the seed quality of the studied varieties by 5% and the biomass of the seedlings by 80%. Identification by the 16S rRNA gene showed their belonging to different bacterial genera. Thus, the quantitative composition of the chernozem southern of the rhizosphere of three varieties of T. aestivum was determined. Five strains of associative bacteria promising for further biotechnology of the agrocenosis rhizosphere were isolated.
A thromboprophylaxis jelentősége nem sebészeti fekvőbeteg-osztályokon
Authors: Gadó Klára , Kicsi Dóra , Markovics Dorina , Domján Gyula
Published: April 2019

Abstract:

Venous thromboembolism (including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism) is a group of diseases with high morbidity. Mortality caused by venous thromboembolism is also highly significant. It is one of the most frequent preventable causes of death in hospital treated patients. It is not easy to assess the real prevalence of the disease because of the frequent symptomless manifestations (as autopsies become less and less frequent, the number of post-mortem diagnoses also decreases) and also because the disease often generates after hospital discharge. There are a number of factors contributing to the development of venous thromboembolism in hospital treated patients. The significance of risk factors differs in the case of patients treated in surgical and medical departments. In this review, the thromboprophylaxis of mainly medical inpatients are discussed. Though there are guidelines about indications and methods of venous thromboprophylaxis, yet it is an unsolved problem to enforce them worldwide and also in Hungary. Despite the effective prophylactic methods, results cannot be considered satisfactory. The number of days spent in hospital and also the number of re-admisson are elevated because of venous thromboembolism. Beside this, the complications also lead to the worsening of the quality of life of these patients, moreover, to disability or death. The financial burden of the health system is also significant. Improvement of the efficacy of the prevention of venous thromboembolism is a highly important issue of health policy. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(17): 654–661.
Language Picture of the World and Associative Lexicography
Authors: Ufimtseva Natalya , Balyasnikova Olga
Published: April 2019

Conceptually, the language picture of the world is defined as the representation of the real world in the system of concepts and categories of the language. Language processes (e.g., nomination) are inextricably related to the processes of identifying objects from the outside world and their understanding. The three interdependent basic concepts, culture, activity, and language consciousness, are implied to reflect the activity which is preconditioned by the system of cultural regulators and the expression of these relations in communication by means of units and language categories. The Moscow psycholinguistic school, grounded in the speech activity theory, regards the world picture as a system phenomenon in the consciousness of a language speaker / culture bearer, interprets meaning as an ideal form for the objective world to exist, and specifies optimal methods to register the knowledge behind the word in ordinary consciousness of a native language speaker / culture bearer are specified. Among the methods applied, the authors use the free associative experiment to collect data from numerous respondents, speakers of the national language / members of a cultural community. The associative and verbal network, built on mass associative experiments, reflects the systematic connections between its elements, i.e. words, each of them, in its turn, has its meaning and systematicity. The comparison of the language picture of the world fragments, the model components allows to make conclusions on the discrepancy both between meanings (knowledge behind the words) of components and their systematicity. Thus, the associative and verbal network as an integral model of the language picture of the world is capable of reflecting elements in the system at micro and macro levels estimating the meaning and significance of each system element. The advent of associative lexicography has made it possible to obtain the first ever comprehensive model of the world picture from a "naïve" native language speaker / a culture-bearer, and to observe the real interaction and interdependence between the meaning and significance of a separate word within the entire associative verbal network and the associative field. The data of mass associative experiments reflect the real state of everyday consciousness of a speaker / bearer of a certain language / culture. This evidence is used to analyze the synchronous state of consciousness, as well as to register changes that develop diachronically, given the data were collected at definite time periods. The observed changes indicate shifts in the associative verbal network structure along with the changes in the content of the knowledge associated with the word stimulus, thus reflecting the evolution of the society.
Structural Analysis of Persian-English Reverse Code-Switching and Code-Mixing
Authors: Moradi Hamzeh , Chen Jianbo
Published: April 2019

Code-switching and code-mixing are considered dynamic conversational phenomena in interpersonal interactions, that is an alteration between two or more languages, dialectal variants, language registers, and it is an effective communicative strategy which Persian-English bilinguals consider a genuine thing in their ordinary speech practice. The focus of the present study is on the structural analysis of reverse code-switching between Persian and English that are known to be referred to two typologically different languages. Participants of the present research, all late bilinguals, reported on frequent use of code-switching (CS) and code-mixing (CM) in everyday language practice. CS/CM is quite normal and frequent among Iranian bilinguals, especially in informal settings where bilingual speakers can freely switch between their languages. Furthermore, the results revealed that Iranian bilinguals switch from English to Persian and in verso mostly at the lexical and the phrasal levels (intrasentential switching mode), but less frequently at the clausal or the sentence level (intersentential switching mode). The research states that there are some restrictions on inserting English verbs into the Persian syntactic frame: the Persian language is thought to be the matrix language and the preverbal part comes from English as the embedded language, such incongruity between the morphosyntactic structure and the verbal system of the Persian and English languages impose some constraints on the occurrence of switching codes between the pair of the languages under study.
Buddhism in the Poetic Works of Innokenty Annensky
Authors: Shuneyko Aleksandr , Chibisova Olga
Published: April 2019

The importance of the work is determined by the place which I. Annensky occupies in Russian poetry and his unrelenting influence on generations of readers. The purpose of the work is to reveal the presence and linguistic ways of implementing the semantics of the Buddhist understanding of the world in the poetic heritage of I. Annensky. The material for the study is all original poems of the poet. The main methods are semantic, comparative and intertextual analysis. From the days of his study at the university, the poet was well acquainted with the basics of Buddhism and demonstrated obsession with it throughout his life. Several poems undoubtedly present semantic complexes that are directly referred to Buddhism, refurbishing its major provisions. The ways of translating Buddhist semantics are diverse and they are always organically interwoven into an artistic whole. The language of the poet is consistently focused on ambiguity, uncertainty and ambivalence, which is manifested at various text levels. The work lists the main language transformations used by the poet. It is illustrated on the example of the poem "", which mysteriousness steadily draws the attention of readers and researchers. The author shows that the poem realizes the Buddhist conception of the ratio of extremely small and infinitely large quantities, implying their identity. The authors draw a parallel between the lines of I. Annensky and W. Blake which implement identical Buddhist ideas. The conclusion outlines the prospects for a detailed analysis of other texts.
Linguistic and Country Studies Learner’s Dictionary for Mongolian Citizens: Specifics of Presenting the Material
Authors: Mamontov Alexander , Tsedendorzhiyn Enkhtuyaa , Boguslavskaya Vera
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the principles of nationally oriented lexicography - a new direction in Russian studies. Using the example of nationally oriented linguistic and country studies learner's dictionary project, the paper shows that it can be created on the basis of the Russian linguistic and country studies dictionary by adding Mongolian material to its content and by comparing lexical backgrounds of the same culture-specific concepts in two linguistic cultures. The purpose of the nationally oriented linguistic and country studies learner's dictionary – the explication of the cultural component of the language unit semantics, taking into account the specifics of the national culture and the language of the addressee at the same time and taking into account the stage of learning – is reflected in the content and structure of the dictionary in general and dictionary entries in particular. Selecting nominative units and providing vocabulary objectivity are determined by the addressee's communicative needs. The author uses the methods of semantization of lexical units adopted in educational lexicography and determined by the specifics of both the material and the addresse. The paper provides the characteristics of techniques that ensure compliance with the proportions in using target and native languages. The draft dictionary presented in the article is able to serve as a "starting point" in creating a new type of dictionaries and further developing fundamentals of the theory of nationally oriented educational linguistic and cultural lexicography in relation to the needs of teaching Russian as a foreign language in the absence of the language environment.
Prototypical Models of the Terms Interaction in the Terminological Network
Authors: Latu Maksim , Gukosyants Olga
Published: April 2019

The research is devoted to the current cross-disciplinary problem of the knowledge organization for information search intellectualization and knowledge extraction acceleration by means of the specialized software - the expert system. The paper shows that an effective form of knowledge organization in the expert system is the terminological network of subject domain; the network can be structured on the basis of prototypical semantic models of terms interaction which reflect the relations of the concepts designated by terms. The authors reconstruct the fragment of the terminological network of nanotechnologies with the top-term nanoliquid and present it in the article. While analyzing definitions of the terms included into the network and the fragments of scientific publications with terminological units of the analyzed subject domain, the authors define the following semantic categories: Material, Substance, Natural object, Tool, Characteristic, Process. The paper reveals the prototypical models of the terms interaction reflecting the systemic relations between the term "nanoliquid" and its adjacent terms: generic, partitive, attributive, the relations between targeted object and result, between material and process. The article shows that the term "nanoliquid" is introduced in hierarchical classification of the nanostructured materials and has various semantic relations both with terms of one category and with terms of all other semantic categories.
To the issue of monitoring of metal-bearing bridges supporting fiber optic sensors
Authors: Fedotov Mikhail , Loskutov Maxim , Shelemba Ivan , Kolesnikov Alexey , Ovchinnikov Igor
Published: April 2019

This article describes results of studies on the monitoring of deformations of load-bearing metal structures of a span structure of a bridge using fiber-optic sensors based on fiber Bragg gratings before and after reinforcement by polymer composite materials. It is received, that as a result of strengthening the deflection of the bridge has decreased in 2 times. The results of the experimental studies were compared with the computational justification carried out in PC LIRA 10.8. As a result of experimental and theoretical studies it was confirmed that the installed reinforcement system using composite spigots can be effectively used to restore the bearing capacity of artificial structures.