bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educação ambiental nas escolas públicas: uma reflexão sobre a influência dos principais eventos ambientais no mundo
Authors: Chaves Jacqueslayne de Oliveira , Chaves Juliana de Oliveira , Gonçalves Ramon Marques
Published: August 2024

A Educação Ambiental emergiu na década de 1970 como uma resposta a desafios globais como as mudanças climáticas e a poluição. A realização da primeira Conferência Mundial sobre Meio Ambiente Humano em Estocolmo, em 1972, marcou o início de uma iniciativa global voltada para políticas ambientais e a promoção da consciência ambiental através da educação. No Brasil, a institucionalização da Educação Ambiental ocorreu com a criação da Lei nº 9.795/1999, que estabelece diretrizes para a inclusão da Educação Ambiental nos currículos das escolas. Este estudo tem como objetivo traçar a trajetória dos principais movimentos em Educação Ambiental desde os anos 1970, destacando eventos marcantes e a influência da legislação brasileira. Através de uma revisão bibliográfica e de uma abordagem histórico-descritiva, a pesquisa revela que, embora tenham ocorrido avanços, muitos projetos ainda seguem uma abordagem normativa e não exploram totalmente as questões ambientais. Os resultados mostram que a Educação Ambiental evoluiu com as mudanças globais e os avanços científicos, mas ainda enfrenta desafios, principalmente em escolas públicas. A implementação da Agenda 2030 e a formação contínua dos educadores são fundamentais para fortalecer a Educação Ambiental e promover uma sociedade mais sustentável.
UMA ANÁLISE DA AFETIVIDADE NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Landim Victor Valério da Silva , Nascimento Dácio José do , Gonçalves Paulo Gonçalo Farias
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma discussão sobre a teoria de Henri Wallon e tem como objetivo analisar a importância da afetividade para o ensino-aprendizagem no âmbito escolar. Para tanto, leva-se em conta também a vivência familiar do aluno refletida na escola. Foi utilizada a pesquisa bibliográfica a partir do estudo de autores como Almeida (2005), Mahoney (2004), Colombo (2006), Dér (2006), Gulassa (2004), Lakatos (2006) e Loyola (2004), que contribuíram para a compreensão da temática abordada. Na sala de aula, trata-se de um assunto essencial, pois, ao mesmo tempo em que o professor ensina, conhece o aluno e sua vivência com a família. Constatamos que a criação de um laço afetivo positivo entre professor e aluno pode aumentar o interesse e a confiança do estudante. Nesse sentido, a compreensão do professor sobre a afetividade e suas relações com o contexto escolar é de suma importância para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Editorial
Authors: Klette-Bøhler Kjetil , Stover Chris , Schiermer Bjørn , De Muniagurria Lorena Avellar
Published: August 2024

Recently, scholars have paid increased attention to affect as a structuring principle of political life, aesthetic engagement, cultural practice, and social formation (Ahmed 2010, Brown et al. 2019, Lutz 2017, Neuman 2007, Papoulias and Callard 2010, Sointu 2016, Thrift 2004, 2016). Inspired by Gilles Deleuze’s (1988), Baruch Spinoza’s (2002), and Brian Massumi’s (1995) theoretical focus on how bodies ‘affect and are affected by’ one another (Deleuze 1988) in social and political contexts, a turn to affect affords ways of analyzing feelings and different forms of affective engagements (Ahmed 2004). Instead of viewing these as mediated by already given social structures or forms of active agency, these largely Deleuzean inspirations see affect as a form of material agency in itself (Anderson 2009, McManus 2011) that shapes identities, ways of being together, and new forms of politics in the making. It is in this sense that affect theory offers a conceptual alternative to earlier ‘turns’ that gave shape to thinking about social, cultural, political, and psychological formations such as the linguistic, discursive, and cultural ‘turns’ that took hold at various point in the twentieth century. Thinking under the terms of affective politics grants agency to non-discursive matters, allowing investigation into how affective engagements matter to us in ways that transcend (or preexist) language and consciousness (Thrift, 2008). All of this has vital consequences for music studies. It invites music scholars to take into account affective and political implications of music transcription and analysis (Bøhler 2020, 2021; Stover 2017, 2018), suggests new ways of reading how music enacts social collectives (Schiermer 2021, 2023), and offers new approaches to music ethnography that provide insights into the political force of musical sounds (Bøhler 2017, Gill 2017, Guilbault 2019, Hofman 2020, Hofman and Petrović 2023, Stover 2020), among other points of potential transformation. In short, a broader musicological turn to affect invites us to examine how musical affects shape identities, create (or constrain) communities, and engender forms of political comportments. This special issue takes its cue from these developments, as its contributing authors explore different ways in which music, affect, social formations and political matters interact within cross-disciplinary music studies.
EPIDEMIOLOGIA E ETIOLOGIA DA OBESIDADE
Authors: Pereira Avany Fernandes , Fernandes João Paulo Andrade
Published: August 2024

O controle da obesidade, que tem aumentado de prevalência de modo exponencial nas últimas décadas em todas as faixas etárias, é certamente desafiador. Para uma abordagem assertiva na prática clínica, é fundamental compreender que essa condição é multifatorial e altamente complexa. Em muitos casos, inúmeros fatores se interpõem e contribuem em graus distintos para seu desenvolvimento e agravamento. Cabe ao profissional conhecer todas as camadas envolvidas nesse processo e identificá-las em cada caso, a fim de traçar uma abordagem individualizada e eficaz. Fatores como o processo de transição nutricional vivido pela população brasileira, genética, aspectos psicossocias, hereditariedade, exposição a determinadas substâncias químicas (conhecidas como obesógenos) estão envolvidos na etiologia da obesidade e serão abordados no presente capítulo.
FITOTERAPIA NO MANEJO DA OBESIDADE
Authors: Deutsch Gabriela , Marques Deborah , Fiut Maria Angélica
Published: August 2024

A obesidade é uma doença crônica complexa e multifatorial. Assim, estratégias visando seu controle devem respeitar tal natureza, compreendendo os inúmeros fatores envolvidos em sua instalação e agravamento, desde o controle alimentar, modificação do estilo de vida e de comportamento, até uso de ativos ou medicamentos que possam auxiliar no controle do peso e suas intercorrências. Neste último item entram as plantas medicinais e os fitoterápicos. No Brasil a fitoterapia está inserida no Programa de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares do Ministério da Saúde. As plantas medicinais podem ser prescritas in natura, na forma de droga vegetal e seus derivados, que podem ser utilizados na alimentação ou como chá medicinal (infusão, decocção ou maceração em água) ou em formas farmacêuticas (cápsulas, comprimidos, xaropes e outros). Nesse sentido, a fitoterapia pode ser utilizada de modo complementar à estratégia dietética e mudança de estilo de vida, a fim de potencializar os resultados e favorecer uma abordagem integrativa do paciente. No presente capítulo, serão abordados os fitoterápicos indicados para inúmeros fatores envolvidos no quadro de obesidade.
OBESIDADE EM GESTANTES SUBMETIDAS OU NÃO À CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA
Authors: Cruz Sabrina , Ramalho Andréa
Published: August 2024

A obesidade na gestação está associada a desfechos materno-fetais negativos e aumento de riscos de complicações. De modo semelhante, é observado tal risco em mulheres submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica, a depender do momento pós-operatório no qual ocorre a gestação, devido ao intenso catabolismo e ocorrência de deficiências nutricionais. Sendo assim, ambos públicos (gestantes com obesidade ou gestantes pós-bariátrica) merecem devida atenção em seu acompanhamento pré e pósnatal, a fim de favorecer desfechos positivos para o binômio mãe-filho, com abordagens nutricionais que respeitem as particularidades destas condições. O presente capítulo abordará os mecanismos envolvidos nos riscos associados à obesidade/pós-bariátrica na gestação, bem como estratégias de intervenção adequadas.
The Effectiveness of Leaflet and Video Educational Media Toward the Knowledge of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Anggraeni Novia Dwi , Novaria Astri Ayu , Utami Riana Pangestu , Wiryanto Wiryanto
Published: August 2024

This study aims to know the effectiveness of leaflets and video educational media in the knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in the inpatient room of RSUD Beriman Balikpapan. The methodology used is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest research design with control group. The intervention group used video media and the control group used leaflet media. The results obtained were that the average patient knowledge increased in the experimental group, which was 50.90, ± 8,228 SD before the intervention, increasing to 81.37, ± 9,615 SD after the intervention. In the control group, the mean knowledge of patients before the intervention was 55.75, ± 7,036 SD, increasing after the intervention to 84.18, ± 9,895 SD. The P-Value value is 0.000 < 0.05 from the results of the analysis of the difference in knowledge between the experimental group and the control group after the intervention shows that there is a significant difference between the two; so that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that nutritional counseling using video and leaflet media can increase knowledge about Diabetes Mellitus and video media is more effective than leaflet media. The providing nutritional counseling using video media was more effective than using leaflet media in increasing the knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus patients in the inpatient ward of the Beriman Balikpapan Regional Hospital.
FT-IR Microscopy: Sampling by Transmission
Authors: Bradley Michael S.
Published: August 2024

Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopy is a workhorse tool for a wide spectrum of applications. Obtaining high-quality data requires some skill in sample preparation, data collection, and data analysis. In this tutorial, we examine the techniques for preparing samples for transmission analysis using single windows, compression cells, and, finally, epoxy “pucks” and microtomes. The key factors for success will be emphasized.
El enfoque lúdico en la iniciación deportiva de los estudiantes del subnivel inicial 1 y 2
Authors: Sánchez Cañizares Christian Mauricio , Villalba Garzón Gabriela Alexandra , Acosta Bones Silvia Beatriz
Published: August 2024

Este proyecto de investigación se basa en los resultados del proyecto de vinculación “El enfoque lúdico en la iniciación deportiva de los estudiantes del subnivel inicial 1 y 2” . El proyecto busca contribuir al desarrollo de los principios de enseñanza de la aptitud física utilizando prácticas de movimiento individuales y grupales. El objetivo es encontrar alternativas a través de las asignaturas de Actividad Física y Educación Deportiva que motiven a niños y niñas a practicar algún tipo de deporte o realizar actividad física, mejorar su condición física y con ello también su salud. No sólo promueve la aptitud física, sino que también desarrolla principios y valores relacionados con diversos deportes y proporciona una formación integral a los destinatarios del programa. La actividad tiene una orientación deportiva, centrándose en las condiciones físicas básicas como fuerza, velocidad, resistencia, flexibilidad, mejorando así la condición física y mental de los participantes, popularizando el deporte y mejorando en gran medida las habilidades deportivas básicas. Esto sucede durante la práctica deportiva tanto de forma individual como en equipo.
Breaking the mold: a university case study of successful english language online teaching without textbooks
Authors: Herrera Bonilla Mariela Teresa , Albán Vinueza Andrea Patricia
Published: August 2024

This case study examines the viability of teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) online synchronously without textbooks. Likewise, a pilot course conducted from May to September at the Language Institute from Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas (UFA-ESPE) in Ecuador assessed this approach. The current research aimed to investigate the feasibility of this textbook-free, synchronously online ESL teaching method. Employing a one-group, post-test only design, with a qualitative approach and a descriptive scope, the study assessed student engagement, learning outcomes, and promising benefits. Of twenty-one students who agreed to be part of this study in the super intensive course, fourteen approved successfully a mock A2 Key exam, demonstrating potential results. The course fostered a dynamic and learner-centered environment, suggesting alternative approaches for online ESL education without utilizing textbooks. However, limitations like sample size and the absence of a control group suggest further research for conclusive evidence.
La brecha digital de los docentes en las zonas de alta margi-nación de México
Authors: Escobar Gutiérrez Edgar , Voirol Ayala María del Carmen , Venegas Soberón María Fernanda , Guzmán Calderón Héctor Ignacio , Ruíz Navarro Jacobo
Published: August 2024

El uso de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) se ha vuelto esencial para las actividades diarias, especialmente tras la pandemia de COVID-19 que obligó a una transición hacia modelos educativos híbridos. En México, la situación es más compleja debido a zonas de alta marginación, donde factores culturales, económicos y políticos dificultan el desarrollo de infraestructura tecnológica necesaria para los servicios digitales. La capacitación del gremio magisterial en el uso de TIC es crucial, especialmente en escuelas que operan en ambientes híbridos. Sin embargo, existe una notable falta de formación continua y apoyo por parte de las autoridades educativas, lo cual afecta tanto a escuelas urbanas como rurales, con un mayor déficit en estas últimas debido a la limitada infraestructura tecnológica. El artículo se basa en un paradigma científico descriptivo, recolectando y analizando datos cualitativos para describir la situación actual en tres estados mexicanos de alta marginación. La investigación se centra en identificar factores clave de la brecha digital que afecta a los maestros, destacando la infraestructura de conectividad, equipamiento en escuelas y la capacitación continua en nuevas tecnologías.     Se presentan datos de 2022 que muestran la magnitud del problema en Chiapas, Guerrero y Oaxaca, con numerosas entidades y maestros afectados por la marginación. La investigación subraya la importancia de abordar estas necesidades para reducir la brecha digital en la educación mexicana.
Performance of castor-based intercropping in semi-arid zone of Haryana
Authors: K GANGADHAR  , J S YADAV  , ANIL KUMAR YADAV
Published: August 2024

To enhance the productivity of castor per unit area and over time, a study was conducted during the kharif 2020-21 season at the Regional Research Station, CCS HAU, Bawal,. The study aimed to evaluate the compatibility, production potential, and optimal row proportions of component crops in intercropping systems involving castor. The field investigation was carried out to identify suitable intercrops for maximizing castor yield and analyse the economic viability of various treatments under two different row spacing for castor: 150 cm and 200 cm. The results indicated that the highest castor seed and stalk yield were achieved in sole castor (3,879 kg/ha and 5,656 kg/ha, respectively) with 200 cm row spacing, a similar performance was observed with a 150 cm row spacing. Further, intercropping of castor (150 cm) + mungbean (1:2) recorded higher seed yield (3,547 kg/ha) and stalk yield (5,248 kg/ha), highest castor equivalent yield (4,220 kg/ha) and land equivalent ratio (1.53) and resulted in higher economic returns with a benefit-cost ratio of 3.78.
An overview of oilseeds seed industry
Authors: R K TRIVEDI  , R K TRIPATHI  , DEEPANKER PANDEY  , PRAMOD SHARMA
Published: August 2024

The seed industry of the country has played a central role in bringing green revolution in India leading to record growth in production and productivity of different crops. Today, the Indian seed sector with a value of USD 3.0 billion is the fifth-largest seed industry in the world and is growing at a fast pace. The oilseed seed industry market is worth 0.06 Bn USD (Approx.) in India, out of which, the hybrid oilseed seed market is worth 0.027 Bn USD (Approx.). The oilseed sector is faced with several challenges concerning poor SRR as compared to other crops, which is less than 25%-30% leading to low productivity. In the case of mustard, castor, soybean, and linseed, the SRR is higher as compared to other oilseed crops. The other challenges are the inadequacy of seeds of high yielding and climate-resilient varieties, the availability of hybrids only in mustard, sunflower, and castor not with full exploitation of their potential. There is an urgent need to promote research varieties developed by private seed companies which suited to local situations and help in increasing the VRR of oilseed crops. Transfer of new agricultural technology to farmers including new seeds of oilseed crops also needs to be strengthened. Further, it is important to look at the concerns of the seed industry relating to IPR, seed traceability, support to private seed industry R&D, incentivizing the private seed industry for increased production of seeds of targeted crops/varieties, involving the seed industry in implementing government programmes on seed production and distribution and strengthening seed storage infrastructure. These are the suggested initiatives for enhancing the availability of quality seeds of oilseed crops.
Standardization of different doses and duration of plant derived smoke water on growth, yield and yield attributing traits of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)
Authors: B LOHITHA  , PRASHANT KUMAR RAI  , SHIVAM KUMAR RAI
Published: August 2024

Harnessing the potential of smoke water treatments, derived from plant combustion, this study delves into their impact on various growth and physiological parameters of linseed plants. Through a randomized controlled trial featuring 13 treatments along with control, we meticulously evaluated different concentrations and durations of smoke water application. Linseed seeds were meticulously sown under controlled conditions, enabling the comprehensive assessment of field emergence, plant height, flowering duration, branching patterns, chlorophyll content, seed yield, oil content, and protein content. Notably, Treatment 2 (1% smoke water for 16 hours) emerged as a frontrunner, showcasing superior performance across multiple parameters, including accelerated growth, enhanced flowering, increased branching, improved chlorophyll content, and higher seed yield and oil content. These findings underscore the promising role of smoke water as an environmentally sustainable and effective agricultural intervention to augment crop productivity and quality in linseed cultivation. Further research endeavors are warranted to delve deeper into the underlying mechanisms and refine application protocols, thereby unlocking the full potential of smoke water treatments in modern agricultural practices.
Exploring biotic constraints in the biodiesel plant, Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre cultivation: A comprehensive review
Authors: N MUKTA  , S HARIHARAN  , P DURAIMURUGAN  , D NEETHU ROY
Published: August 2024

Pongamia pinnata, a vital non-edible oilseed tree, hold ssignificant potential for various applications including biodiesel production and traditional medicine due to its high seed yield and resilience to harsh conditions. However, it faces substantial challenges from a multitude of pests and diseases throughout its lifecycle, impacting both seedlings and mature trees. Insects such as termites, white grubs, and caterpillars, as well as fungal pathogens like Ganoderma lucidum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, pose substantial threats to P. pinnata cultivation. Additionally, nematodes and pod rot fungi contribute to yield losses and storage issues. Despite these challenges, management strategies, including biological control and chemical pesticides, offer avenues for mitigating pest and disease incidence. Collaborative research and innovation are essential for developing sustainable solutions and enhancing the resilience of P. pinnata plantations. By addressing these challenges collectively, we can unlock the full potential of P. pinnata, supporting biodiversity conservation, ecosystem restoration, and rural livelihoods.
Integrated nutrient management studies in mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Southern Haryana
Authors: ROHIT  , HANSRAJ SHIVAN  , R S YADAV  , RAJKUMAR SHARMA  , AMIT KUMAR  , MANJEET  , ASHISH KUMAR YADAV
Published: August 2024

A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of integrated nutrient management on mustard (Brassica juncea). The experiment was conducted in randomised block design with thirteen treatments. Highest plant height, branches/plant and higher dry matter accumulation were recorded with application of 100% NPK + 5 t Vermicompost + 40 kg S + Azotobacter followed by 75 % NPK + 5 t Vermicompost + 40 kg S + Azotobacter. Significantly higher yield and yield attribute traits like seed/siliqua, siliqua length and number of siliqua/plant/ were recorded with 100 % NPK + 5 t Vermicompost + 40 kg S + Azotobacter which was statistically at par with 75 % NPK + 5 t Vermicompost + 40 kg S + Azotobacter, 100 % NPK + 5 t Vermicompost + 40 kg S and 100 % NPK + 5 t Vermicompost. All integrated nutrient management treatments significantly increased the net returns in mustard. the highest net returns of ` 50,379 was recorded in the treatment with application of 100 % NPK + 5 t Vermicompost + 40 kg S + Azotobacter over others.
Performance of hydrogel and salicylic acid on productivity and economics of yellow sarson (Brassica rapa) in new alluvial zone
Authors: DHIMAN MUKHERJEE
Published: August 2024

A field experiment was conducted under new alluvial zone to evaluate the performance of hydrogel and salicylic acid for increasing the productivity of Indian mustard in restricted irrigation condition. The experiment consisting of ten treatment combinations, viz., hydrogel @ 2.5 kg/ha, hydrogel @ 5 kg/ha, salicylic acid (SA) @ 100 ppm at flowering and siliqua formation, SA @ 200 ppm at flowering and siliqua formation, two irrigations at pre-flowering and siliqua development stage, hydrogel @ 2.5 kg/ha + SA @ 100 ppm at flowering and siliqua formation, hydrogel @ 2.5 kg/ha + SA @ 200 ppm at flowering and siliqua formation, hydrogel@ 5 kg/ha + SA @100 ppm at flowering and siliqua formation, hydrogel @ 5 kg/ha + SA @ 200 ppm at flowering and siliqua formation and control, was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Among treatment combinations, application of hydrogel @ 5 kg/ha with two sprays of salicylic acid either 100 or 200 ppm at flowering and siliqua formation stage significantly increased various yield-attributing parameter. More seed yield obtained with two irrigation at pre-flowering and siliqua formation (1838 kg/ha) stage and showed parity with hydrogel @ 5.0 kg/ha + salicylic acid @100 ppm (1794 kg/ha) and hydrogel @2.5 kg/ha + salicylic acid @ 200 ppm (1719 kg/ha) and statistically superior to all other treatments. These treatments registered 128.6, 123.5and 113.2%, respectively, more grain yield over the control plot. Increased stover production was observed with hydrogel @2.5 kg/ha + salicylic acid @ 200 ppm and was closely followed by hydrogel @5.0 kg/ha + salicylic acid @ 200 ppm and hydrogel @2.5 kg/ha + salicylic acid @100 ppm. Furthermore, significant and highest improvement in growth, yield attributes, and economics was recorded under irrigation treatment applied at pre-flowering and siliqua formation stage over control and alone application of hydrogel and SA. Thus, the result showed that application of hydrogel either 2.5 or 5 kg/ha with two sprays of SA 100 ppm at flowering and siliqua formation was found beneficial for obtaining high seed yield as well as net returns. Application of hydrogel @ 2.5 kg/ha + salicylic acid 100 ppm at flowering stage and siliqua formation stage with maximum average benefit: cost ratio (2.66) may be recommended for mitigation of moisture stress in rainfed situations for obtaining higher crop yield in new alluvial region
Interaction between warfarin and selected superfoods: a comprehensive review of potential mechanisms and their clinical significance
Authors: Łaszczych Dariusz , Czernicka Aleksandra , Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia
Published: August 2024

Warfarin is one of the oldest and still widely used anticoagulant agents. Interactions between warfarin and herbs have been intensively studied in recent years. However, due to the growing worldwide interest and consumption of herbal products this area requires further investigations. Patients on warfarin should receive special attention from their physicians, especially concerning the concomitant use of herbal products. In this study, we provide a comprehensive review of the mechanisms and clinical significance of interactions between warfarin and selected plants, also frequently referred to as superfoods: Linum usitatissimum, Moringa oleifera, Lindera aggregata, and Nigella sativa. We carried out a non-systematic review of the literature using PubMed using the key terms: warfarin, interaction, Linum usitatissimum, Moringa oleifera, Lindera aggregata, Nigella sativa, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, serum albumin, blood coagulation, antiplatelet. We analyzed articles published up to 2024. The wealth of phytoconstituents contained in reviewed plants favor the occurrence of potential interactions with warfarin. Possible mechanisms involved in these interactions include plasma and platelet hemostasis processes and warfarin pharmacokinetics, i.e. distribution and hepatic metabolism. Critical evaluation of the risk of warfarin-herb interaction is challenging and still inconclusive because most of the sources of evidence are in vitro and animal studies. Therefore we expect human clinical studies evaluating the risk of combined use of warfarin and discussed plants in the near future. To summarize, we hope that the results of our study will help healthcare professionals in their daily practice and improve the safety and effectiveness of warfarin pharmacotherapy.
Efficacy and Safety of Bempedoic Acid in Lipid Disorder Therapy: A Review of Clinical Trials
Authors: Dąbrowska Paulina , Żuber Michał , Dacka Michał
Published: August 2024

LDL levels are a key risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Bempediic acid is an innovative hypolipemic drug, particularly useful for patients intolerant of statins. The article focuses on analyzing the results of clinical trials on the mechanisms of action, efficacy and safety of bempediic acid used both as monotherapy and in combination with other hypolipemic drugs. Scientific evidence based on the CLEAR: Tranquility, Harmony, Serenity, Wisdom, Outcomes study, among others, is presented. Its significant effects on lowering LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and hsCRP levels are highlighted, with important implications for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. It also outlines how bempedic acid is included in current Polish guidelines for the treatment of lipid disorders. The paper also points to new areas of research, including potential applications of bempediic acid in specific patient groups, such as pregnant women. In addition, the article addresses issues related to the long-term use and safety of bempediic acid, particularly in the context of reducing cardiovascular risk and lowering blood lipid levels, which is crucial for patients with statin intolerance.
Vitamin E: overview of history of discovery, mechanism of action, role and deficiency
Authors: Kowalska Aleksandra
Published: August 2024

Vitamin E, a collective term for tocopherols and tocotrienols, is vital for numerous biological functions, particularly due to its antioxidant properties. Tocopherols and tocotrienols share a common structure but differ in their side chains, influencing their bioactivities. Despite extensive research highlighting the potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer, the clinical application of vitamin E is often limited by its poor bioavailability. Dietary sources of vitamin E include vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and certain animal products, with α-tocopherol being the most abundant form in plasma. High doses of vitamin E can interact with medications like aspirin and warfarin, necessitating medical supervision. Deficiency in vitamin E, particularly in children, can lead to significant health issues, emphasizing the importance of adequate intake. This review explores the chemical properties, historical discovery, bioavailability, dietary sources, recommended intakes, and biological activities of vitamin E, highlighting its therapeutic potential and the challenges in its application.
Analysis of Acute Abdomen in Trauma Patients: Mortality Factors and Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Admissions
Authors: Alpaslan Mustafa , Özselçuk Sultan
Published: August 2024

Objective: To analyze the patients who developed acute abdomen due to trauma, to evaluate the factors affecting mortality and to
examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic process on patient admissions.
Method: The study was conducted retrospectively by analyzing the patients who applied to the emergency department of a secondary
healthcare institution between 01.01.2019-31.12.2023 (5 years) and developed an emergency surgical abdomen secondary to trauma
and were hospitalized and treated. All age groups were included in the study. Demographic data, type of trauma, type of treatment,
site of injury, laboratory data, length of hospitalization and mortality status were analyzed. Comparative analysis of the injured
regions according to the type of trauma was performed. Data of patients who were discharged and those who died were compared.
Data collection was performed through hospital electronic data.
Results: The study evaluated 123 patients. The majority of patients were male (%78.9). The mean age was 36.43±14.81 years and
the most common age range was 21-40 years (60.2%). At the time of presentation to the emergency department, the most common
Glasgow Coma Score was 11-15 (83%). The most common reason for presentation was traffic accident (40.7%). Post-traumatic
injuries to more than one organ or region in the abdomen were most common (28.5%). Surgical procedures were performed in 65.9%
of the patients. The mean duration of hospitalization was 7.14±5.40 days. Hemoglobin and platelet levels were found to be
significantly lower at the time of admission in the patients who died (p<0.05). Mortality rate was 9.8%.
Conclusion: In patients with abdominal trauma, the type of injury, Glasgow Coma Score at admission and laboratory data are
effective in predicting mortality. It should be kept in mind that especially in patients with blunt trauma and in cases of multiple
trauma, intra-abdominal injuries may progress more insidiously and may be missed.
Using Extending Concept Through Learning Activity To Improve Students Reading Comprehension In Terms Of Literal Comprehension
Authors: Azisiyah Liza Ain , Ilmiah  , Basir Achmad
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of ECOLA technique can improve students' reading comprehension in terms of literal comprehension at MA Al-Hidayah Lemoa. This research applied Pre-Experimental design by using Quantitative approach. The population of this stu dy were MA Al-Hidayah Lemoa students consisting of 17 students. Then, the sample of this study is class X taken using total sampling technique consisting of 17 students. The data collection process with pre-test and post-test using multiple choice by analyzing the data using SPSS. The results of the study found that the use of the ECOLA technique in the learning process to improve students' reading comprehension in terms of literal comprehension was considered effective based on the data obtained where the average value of the pre-test was 48.82 and the post-test was 85.88. It can be seen that the average value of the post-test is higher than the average value of the pre-test. And proven again from the results of the "paired sample test" analysis using SPSS with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. Based on the decision making, if the significance value is smaller than 0.05, H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the ECOLA technique can improve students' reading comprehension in terms of literal comprehension.
An Analysis On Student’s Difficulties In Writing Descriptive Text At Eight Grade In Upt Smpn Manarai No 18 Kepulauan Selayar
Authors: Tania Tania , Syatriana Eny , Daddi Herlina
Published: August 2024

The study aimed to find out the students' difficulties in writing descriptive text and to find out the factors that cause students' difficulties in writing descriptive text at eight grade in UPT SMPN Manarai No 18 Kepulauan Selayar. In this study used descriptive qualitative method. The population of this study was eighth grade students. The research sample was VIIIB class students with a sample of 10 students. It was chosen by using purposive sampling technique. The instruments used by the researcher in this study were written texts and interviews with student.The results of this study are related to the students difficulties in writing descriptive text based on the aspect of writing and factors causing the difficulty of students in writing. This study indicated that almost all students have difficulty in aspects writing. In the aspect of content, students get an average score of 2.9 it was can classified as very poor. In the aspect of organization, students get an average score of 2.2 it was can classified as very poor. In the aspect of grammar, students get an average score of 1.3 it was can classified as very poor. In the aspect of vocabulary, students get an average value of 1.7 it was can categorized as very poor. Some of these difficulties are caused by several factors, namely, students did not like English lessons, lack of mastery of students vocabulary, lack of students motivation to learn, unattractive learning media, and lack of attention from parents in terms of student education.
A Non-English Students' Strategies in Learning Technical Vocabularies
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Akib Erwin , Mannong Andi Bulkis Maghfirah
Published: August 2024

This research aimed to finding out the strategies that usually used in learning technical vocabularies by Non-English students’. This research applied the Descriptive Qualitative Method, which took 2 months period of it for the data collection by using interview. The research involved ten students’ from Faculty Economic and Business Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar as the participants. The scope of the study is tend to analyze the strategies used by Non-English students’ in learning a foreign language, in this case English. A result of this research showed that the strategies that usually used in learning technical vocabularies by Non-English students’ most of the students’ used direct strategies, namely memory strategies, cognitive strategies and compensation strategies. And the students’ also used indirect strategies, namely metacognitive strategies, affective strategies and social strategies. Based on the data obtained, the researcher concluded that the students’ used both strategies in learning technical vocabularies.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN AMPAS KOPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN PAKCOY
Authors: Zega Ujian Hati
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya minat penduduk Masyarakat Desa Hilizihono dalam membudidayakan tanaman pakcoy sebagai sayuran dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan rumah tangga. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh ampas kopi terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman pakcoy. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode pendekatan eksperimen murni (True eksperimen). Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) terdiri dari lima perlakuan (P) dengan empat kali ulangan (U).  Populasi penelitian ini adalah tanaman pakcoy. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 20 polybag tanaman pakcoy. Perlakuan yang diberikan dengan dosis tertentu yaitu: untuk P0 (tanpa pemberian ampas kopi), P1 (100 gr), P2 (200 gr), P3 (300 gr), P4 (400 gr). Data penelitian dianalisis dengan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis, dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut (Duncan dan LSD), dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS versi 20. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ampas kopi  memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah helaian daun, luas daun, dan produktivitas tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). Hal ini terlihat pada pemberian ampas kopi pada perlakuan Keempat (P4) dengan dosis 400 gr. Saran peneliti dalam penelitian ini semoga masyarakat dapat menggunakan dan memanfaatkan ampas kopi sebagai pupuk alami untuk tanaman pakcoy karena ampas kopi mengandung zat-zat penting yang baik untuk pertumbuhan tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.).
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TOMAT MELALUI PEMBERIAN PUPUK BOKASHI KOTORAN AYAM BROILER
Authors: Zega Ujian Hati , Telaumbanua Setia Murni
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat Desa Sisarahili Kecamatan Amandraya  dalam memanfaatkan bokashi kotoran ayam broiler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) dengan pemberian pupuk bokashi kotoran ayam broiler. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen murni (True Experimen) dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari enam perlakuan dan lima kali ulangan. Populasi penelitian adalah tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) sebanyak 30 tanaman. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah tanaman tomat sebanyak 30 tanaman. Sampel penelitian dipilih dengan menggunakan simple random sampling. Data penelitian dianalisa menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 20 yang terdiri dari Uji Normalitas, Uji Homogenitas, dan Uji Hipotesis. Temuan penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa adanya respon pertumbuhan tanaman tomat dengan pemberian pupuk bokashi kotoran ayam broiler baik pada tinggi tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicmu) maupun pada helaian daun tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa bokashi kotoran ayam broiler dapat digunakan untuk membantu pertumbuhan tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) dan dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk menggantikan pupuk anorganik (pupuk kimia) yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas tanah jika digunakan terus menerus. Saran yang ditawarkan peneliti adalah hendaknya penggunaan pupuk bokashi kotoran ayam broiler dapat lebih ditingkatkan untuk mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TOMAT (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM ) DENGAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK BOKASHI KOTORAN AYAM BROILER
Authors: Mefiruti Sihura
Published: August 2024

The research method used is a quantitative research method with a pure experimental method (True Experiment) with a Completely Randomized Design consisting of six treatments and five replications. The research population was tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) as many as 30 plants. The sample in this study were 30 tomato plants. The research sample was selected using simple random sampling. The research data were analyzed using the SPSS 20 application consisting of the Normality Test, Homogeneity Test, and Hypothesis Testing. The research findings obtained indicate that there is a response to tomato plant growth by giving broiler chicken manure bokashi fertilizer both on tomato plant height (Solanum lycopersicmu) and on tomato plant leaf blade (Solanum lycopersicum). tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum) and can be used as an alternative to replace inorganic fertilizers (chemical fertilizers) which can affect soil quality if used continuously. The suggestion offered by the researcher is that the use of broiler chicken manure bokashi fertilizer can be further increased to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR JERAMI PADI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TOMAT (Solanumlycopersicum)
Authors: Harniwati Dakhi
Published: August 2024

Lack of understanding of farmers in Bawomaenamolo village in utilizing rice straw as liquid organic fertilizer. This study aims to determine the effect of using straw as organic fertilizer on the growth of tomato (Solanumlycopersicum) plants. This research uses quantitative research with pure experimental method (True Experiment) and Completely Randomized Design (CRD) research design. The population of this study was tomato plants which consisted of 30 plants. The sample in this study was tomato plants, which consisted of 6 treatments and 5 replications. The data in the research was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality, homogeneity and ANOVA tests for hypothesis testing using the SPSS version 20 application. Suggestions offered by researchers, the use of organic rice straw fertilizer can be applied to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers (chemical) so as to improve the quality of agriculture.
PENGARUH CAMPURAN AMPAS TEH DAN AMPAS TEBU TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN CABAI MERAH KERITING (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Alfin Oktajaya Telaumbanua  , Hulu Versi Putra Jaya
Published: August 2024

Based on the background of the research problem, there is a lack of understanding, especially by the Desa Sukamaju Mohili community, in utilizing a mixture of tea dregs and bagasse in curly red chili plants, where the community still uses inorganic (chemical) fertilizers thereby degrading soil quality. This study aims to determine the effect of a mixture of tea dregs and bagasse on the growth of curly red chili (capsicum Anmum L). This type of research is quantitative with a pure experimental method (true experiment) with a completely randomized design (CRD). The population of this study was curly red chili as much as 20 polybags and the research sample was curly red chili with five treatments and four replications. The treatments applied were P0 (without adding a mixture of tea bagasse and bagasse) P1 (100 grams), P2 (200 grams), P3 (300 grams), and P4 (400 grams). The research data were analyzed using the Kolmogrov-Smirnov test for normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis testing using the SPSS application (produc and service solution statistics) version 22. The asymp embodiment of 0.035 <0.05 indicates that the stem height of curly red chilies is better than those without using a mixture of tea bagasse and bagasse while it is known that the asymp value is 0.048 <0.05 indicating that the number of leaves of curly red chili plants is greater than those who do not use a mixture of tea bagasse and bagasse. The suggestions offered by researchers, for farmers are expected to be information that bagasse and tea bagasse can have an effect on the growth of curly chilies for students of teaching and education faculties, especially biology education, I hope this research can add insight and knowledge about the effect of bagasse and tea bagasse as on the growth of curly red chili (capsium Anmum L), for future researchers, as a basis for the development of further research on the effect of bagasse and dregs as a plant medium on the growth of curly red chili (capsium annmum L).
PEMANFAATAN JAMUR TIRAM SEBAGAI SALAH SATU SUMBER GIZI ALTERNATIF BAGI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Mareko Giawa
Published: August 2024

Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp.) is a mushroom that can be used as food (Edible mushroom). Besides having a good taste, Pleurotus sp. It also has high nutritional value. This type of research is a descriptive type of qualitative research. This research was carried out from 01 to 30 July 2022, this research was carried out in Telukdalam Village, South Nias Regency. Nutritional science is the study of the relationship between food and health. Nutrition science covers a very broad scope. Based on the results of the research and discussion, it was found that (1) the technique or method of managing the oyster mushroom was managed by boiling, curry, soup and even mixed with noodles and several other types of food according to taste. (2) Oyster mushroom is a nutritional alternative. This is because from the findings of research that has been carried out by conducting interviews with several respondents, it is known that oyster mushrooms are not just food that has a good taste but besides having content such as water, protein, carbohydrates, calcium, energy, fat and phosphorus. which is very important for the needs of the body, also has properties such as lowering cholesterol and is very good for heart health. The suggestions from the researcher are as follows: (1) The researcher hopes that the results of this study can be used as a reference and help increase student knowledge in the learning process both in terms of theory and practicum. (2) people should be wise and understand how to manage and cultivate mushrooms as food or food as an alternative source of nutrition and have health benefits.
The IDENTIFICATION OF INSECT PESTS ON RICE CROPS (ORYZA SATIVA) IN GUNUNG SARIK RICE FIELD
Authors: Fidela Wita
Published: August 2024

Indonesia is an agrarian country with agriculture as the highest livelihood for its population. The agricultural sector that is the main pillar in Indonesia's food supply is in terms of rice agriculture (Oryza sativa), especially as the global population continues to grow. However, a challenge that often lurks in efforts to increase rice production is the attack of insect pests. Insect pests result in significant crop losses and threaten food security. It is necessary to identify rice pest insects as an effort to extract information on the types of insects that harm agriculture. This study using qualitative descriptive methods aims to determine the types of insect pest species on agricultural land in Gunung Sarik Village as a consideration in proper pest control management, so as to improve the quality and quantity of rice crops in the agricultural land of Gunung Sarik Village. Based on the results of the observations, it was found that types of insect pests come from two different orders, namely hemiptera, which include leafhoppers, walang sangit, and black ants, and the order orthoptera or grasshoppers.