bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electricity Peak Load Demand using De-noising Wavelet Transform integrated with Neural Network Methods
Authors: Bunnoon Pituk
Published: March 2016

One of most important elements in electric power system planning is load forecasts. So, in this paper proposes the load demand forecasts using de-noising wavelet transform (DNWT) integrated with neural network (NN) methods. This research, the case study uses peak load demand of Thailand (Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand: EGAT). The data of demand will be analyzed with many influencing variables for selecting and classifying factors. In the research, the de-noising wavelet transform uses for decomposing the peak load signal into 2 components these are detail and trend components. The forecasting method using the neural network algorithm is used. The work results are shown a good performance of the model proposed. The result may be taken to the one of decision in the power systems operation.
Implementing Dynamically Evolvable Communication with Embedded Systems through WEB Services
Authors: Jammalamadaka Sasi Bhanu , A Vinaya Babu , A Trimurthy
Published: March 2016

Embedded systems that monitor and control safety and mission critical system are communicated with by a HOST located at a remote location through Internet. Such kind of embedded systems are developed to be dynamically evolvable with respect to syntax, semantics, online testing and communication subsystems. All these systems are to be dynamically evolvable and the components needed for evolution are also to be added into the embedded system. Architectural  models describe  various components using which dynamically evolvable sub-systems are realised through implementation by using specific and related technologies. Implementation system describe the platform, code units and the interlacing of various processes/tasks to the elementary level of details. WEB services place an excellent platform for implementing dynamically evolvable  systems due to the use of open standards.

 

This paper presents an implementation system that is related to dynamically evolvable communication and other sub-systems using web services technologies.
Predictable Models and Experimental Measurements for Electric Properties of Polypropylene Nanocomposite Films
Authors: Thabet Ahmed , Mobarak Youssef A.
Published: March 2016

This paper processed and characterized cost-fewer polypropylene (PP) nanocomposite films; an experimental work has been investigated for studying the electric properties of the new nanocomposite materials and compared with unfilled industrial materials in a frequency range up to 1 kHz. A small addition of nanoparticles (clay, and fumed silica) to polypropylene showed appreciable improvement in the electric reactance and conductance at different frequency up to 1kHz, in addition, an  electric spectroscopy has been measured the electric properties of polypropylene with and without nanoparticles under variant temperatures (20°C, and 60°C). Cambridge Engineering Selector (CES) program were carried out the electrical/mechanical predictable models for the suggested materials. Finally, this paper leads to synthesize electrical insulating polypropylene nanocomposite films where the electrical properties are properly maintained in order to achieve more cost-effective, energy-effective and hence environmentally better materials for the electrical insulation technology.
A Prototype of Online Dynamic Scaling Scheduler for Real-Time Task based on Virtual Machine
Authors: Seo Junho , Kim Kyong Hoon
Published: March 2016

In this paper, we provide an architecture of power-aware scheduler for real-time virtual machine system using dynamic frequency scaling mechanism This architecture provides that how to manage real-time resource and how to control processor frequency. In addition, we propose two scheduling schemes that utilize slack time to adjust processor frequency without violating tasks deadline. Based on the provided architecture, we implement a virtualization framework with online power-aware scheduler using RT-Xen real-time hypervisor and Litmus-RT real-time OS. Our implementation manages entire of real-time resource and processor frequency depending on system policy. For trasferring real-time requirements, we implement an interface using hypercall mechanism. To evaluate provided system, we analyze performance evaluation in various aspects.
Projected Range Dependent Tunneling Current of Asymmetric Double Gate MOSFET
Authors: Jung Hak Kee
Published: March 2016

This study is to analyze the changes of tunneling current according to projected range, a variable of Gaussian function of channel doping function of Asymmetric Double Gate; ADG MOSFET. In MOSFET with channel length below 10 nm, tunneling current occupies a large percentage among off-currents. The increase of tunneling current has a large effect on the characteristics of subthreshold such as threshold voltage movement and the decline of subthreshold swing value, so the accurate analysis of this is being required. To analyze this, potential distribution of series form was obtained using Gaussian distribution function, and using this hermeneutic potential distribution, thermionic emission current and tunneling current making up off-current were obtained. At this point, the effect that the changes of projected range, a variable of Gaussian distribution function, have on the ratio of tunneling current among off-currents was analyzed. As a result, the smaller projected range was, the lower the ratio of tunneling current was. When projected range increased, tunneling current increased largely. Also, it was observed that the value of projected range which the ratio of tunneling current increased changed according to maximum channel doping value, channel length, and channel width.
Analysis of Ionospheric foF2 by Solar Activity over the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Jeon Min-Ho , Oh Chang-Heon
Published: March 2016

The F2 layer is the upper sector of the ionospheric F region, and it is ~250 km above sea level. It has a high electron density and thus plays an important role in shortwave communications. The variations of the critical frequency of the F2 layer (foF2) offer clues regarding the events happening within the entire F2 layer, and foF2 analysis is essential for stable shortwave communications. This study analyzes the seasonal and annual variations of the foF2 as well as the reactions of the F2 layer height at two locations in South Korea by employing the mean and standard deviation (SD) used in previous studies. To ensure a more elaborate analysis, the median and quartiles were used for analyzing the ionosphere. We thereby compensate for the limitations of the mean and SD in developing the SD, despite the convenience of the SD for probability analysis. The application of the median and quartiles for the analysis of ionospheric data led to analysis results with greater detail. This was achieved by determining the relative SD and concurrently displaying the outliers and range of variations
Augmented Reality Navigation System on Android
Authors: Chung Chee Oh , He Yilun , Jung Hoe Kyung
Published: March 2016

With the advent of the Android system, smart phones are rapidly developing and through the conveniency of accessing internet on the smart phones, a user’s location information can be accessed anywhere and anytime easily. Augmented Reality Based Technology enables the provision of variety information such as pictures and location of buildings in the navigation field. Most of the augmented reality program used to Visual Trace Method (Marker method and Markerless Method). For the Visual Trace Method, the marker installation and digital information should be assigned while the Non-visual Trace Method requires the use of hardware (G.P.S, sensors etc). Most navigation systems can only show the path from a user’s current location to their destination. In this paper, the design and implementation of an augmented reality program is discussed. It will use the smart phone’s inbuilt camera and GPS to display a user’s surround information in real time on the smart phone. The proposed system will combine the G.P.S location-based technology and virtual trace technology to provide the user with basic information about a building they are looking for or one in their immediate surrounding.
Wind Energy Conversion Systems Based On a DFIG Controlled By Indirect Vector Using PWM And SVM
Authors: Cherfia Naim , Kerdoun Djallel
Published: March 2016

A well-prepared abstract enables the reader to identify the basic content of a document quickly and accurately,). This work presents consideration and use of the asynchronous generator in the production of wind energy. To do this, a model of the wind turbine has been established, the mathematical model of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) variable speed is presented and the control quantities used when integrated with a wind system. A modeling in a diphasic reference mark related to the stator field and a strategy vector control active and reactive power are offered with a PWM and SVM technique for inverter control is considered in our work.
Performance Analysis of High frequency Parallel Quasi Resonant Inverter Based Induction Heating System
Authors: Chakraborty Avijit , Sadhu Pradip Kumar , Bhaumik Kallol , Pal Palash , Pal Nitai
Published: March 2016

This paper presents the performance analysis of high frequency parallel quasi-resonant converter for domestic induction heating application as well as industrial application. The power semiconductor switch like IGBT is incorporated in this high frequency converter. Parallel Quasi-resonant topology is selected to provide ZVS and ZCS operation during switching conditions to reduce switching losses. Here, IGBT provides better efficiency and faster switching technique. In the proposed topology, a diode is connected across the IGBT ensuring the ZVS operation during turn-ON that enhances the possibility of less turn-ON loss. On the other hand, the switching frequency nearly equal to the resonant frequency ensures the ZCS operation of the IGBT during turn-OFF, which also ensures a reduction of turn-OFF loss. As a result, the performance of the induction heating system gets improved. The proposed scheme is analyzed using PSIM software environment.
Novel ROADM modelling with WSS and OBS to Improve Routing Performance in Optical Network
Authors: G.R. Kavitha G.R , T.S. Indumathi
Published: March 2016

The area of optical network is on constant point of focus among the research communities owing to potential advantage of long distance communication as well as the routing issues associated with it. Majority of the implemented techniques calls for using expensive hardware or adopting narrowed technical assumptions, for which reason the routing performance couldn’t be optimized to a large extent. The present manuscript proposes a novel technique called as Optimized Routing for Peak Traffic under the scenario of uncertainties in the existing traffic scenario. The proposed solution presents some potential principle that is incorporated in the ROADM design for enhancing the capabilities of the proposed system.  The system is evaluated under multiple scenarios of analysis using blocking probabilities, OSNR, bit error rate, iteration etc. The outcome of the proposed system is compared with the one of the existing significant study to benchmark it.
Speed Control of a Single Taipei Mass Rapid Transit System Train by Using a Single Input Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Maghfiroh Hari , Wahyunggoro Oyas , Cahyadi Adha Imam , Lian Kuo Lung , Ke Bwo Ren
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study was to design a speed controller for mass rapid transit (MRT) train by using a single input fuzzy logic controller (SIFLC). A complete train model, which was designed according to the design of a Taipei MRT train was used for analyzing both mechanical and electrical parts. The SIFLC was used for improving a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) by reducing its number of control rules. The results indicated that the SIFLC exhibited more favorable performance than the FLC did and a substantial reduction in the number of fuzzy rules and processing time. Therefore, tuning the SIFLC was easier compared with tuning the FLC; furthermore, the simulation time of the SIFLC was shorter than that of the FLC, exhibiting reductions of up to 17.3% in a constant track (track without gradient and curvature) and up to 12.27% in a variable track (track with gradient and curvature).
Modified Predictive Control for a Class of Electro-Hydraulic Actuator
Authors: A.A. Emhemed Abdulrahman , Mamat Rosbi Bin , Mohd Faudzi Ahmad ‘Athif , Johary Mohd Ridzuan , Osman Khairuddin
Published: March 2016

Many model predictive control (MPC) algorithms have been proposed in the literature depending on the conditionality of the system matrix and the tuning control parameters. A modified predictive control method is proposed in this paper. The modified predictive method is based on the control matrix formulation combined with optimized move suppression coefficient. Poor dynamics and high nonlinearities are parts of the difficulties in the control of the Electro-Hydraulic Actuator (EHA) functions, which make the proposed matrix an attractive solution. The developed controller is designed based on simulation model of a position control EHA to reduce the overshoot of the system and to achieve better and smoother tracking. The performance of the designed controller achieved quick response and accurate behavior of the tracking compared to the previous study.
A Hybrid Approach of Fuzzy C-means Clustering and Neural network to make Energy-Efficient heterogeneous Wireless Sensor network
Authors: Kaushik Amit Kumar
Published: March 2016

The Wireless sensor network has been highly focused research area in recent times due to its wide applications and adaptability to different environments. The energy-constrained sensor nodes are always under consideration to increase their lifetime. In this paper we have used the advantages of two approaches i.e. fuzzy c-means clustering and neural network to make an energy efficient network by prolonging the lifetime of network. The cluster formation is done using FCM to form equally sized clusters in network and the decision of choosing cluster head is done using neural network having input distance from basestation, heterogeneity and energy of the node. Our Approach has successfully increased the lifetime and data capacity of the network and outperformed different approaches applied to the network present in literature. 
New Electromagnetic Force-Displacement Sensor
Authors: Benabdellah Amine , Abbassi Zakarya , Nakheli Abdelrhani
Published: March 2016

A new electromagnetic force-displacement sensor is presented. Its operating principle is based on the fundamental laws of electromagnetism (Faraday-Lenz law) and the mechanical properties of a spring. The active elements are two coils made by a wire of 60 µm in diameter. Using different wire diameters or different number of wire turns in the coil modify the intensity of the magnetic field and the sensor response. The average accuracy of the sensor is about ∆d=1µm, and as a force sensor is about ∆F=1µN. This sensor could be successfully used for the manufacture of several measuring instruments.
Sufficient Authentication for Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sukavasi Hema Gopinath , Kanagala Lokesh , Shaik Riaz
Published: March 2016

Given the understanding of the prospective WSN programs and because of source restrictions, key management emerges as a complicated problem for WSNs. One of the main issues when developing a key management scheme is the system scalability. Indeed, the method should assistance a huge number of nodes to allow a large range implementation of the system. In this paper we implemented a performance trade-off research of power intake vs. Quality of Solutions obtain in stability, suitability, and security for redundancy control of clustered heterogeneous wireless indicator systems using multipath routing to response customer concerns. We urbanized a novel probability style to evaluate the best redundancy stage in terms of direction redundancy (mp ) and resource redundancy (ms), as well as the best attack identification configurations with regards to the number of voters (m) and the attack incantation interval under which the life-time of a heterogeneous wireless sensor network is optimized while fulfilling the stability, timeliness and protection specifications of question processing applications in the existence of untrustworthy wireless communication and harmful nodes. Lastly, we used our analysis outcomes to the style of powerful redundancy management criteria to recognize and implement the best design parameter configurations at playback in reaction to environment changes to extend the program life-time
Cooling on Photovoltaic Panel Using Forced Air Convection Induced by DC Fan
Authors: Amelia A.R. , Irwan Y.M. , Irwanto M. , Leow W.Z. , Gomesh N. , Safwati I. , Anuar M.A.M.
Published: March 2016

Photovoltaic (PV) panel is the heart of solar system generally has a low energy conversion efficiency available in the market. PV panel temperature control is the main key to keeping the PV panel operate efficiently. This paper presented the great influenced of the cooling system in reduced PV panel temperature. A cooling system has been developed based on forced convection induced by DC fan as cooling mechanism. DC fan was attached at the back side of PV panel will extract the heat energy distributed and cool down the PV panel. The working operation of DC fan controlled by PIC18F4550 microcontroller which depending on the average value of PV panel temperature. Experiments were performed with and without cooling mechanism attached at the backside PV panel. The whole PV system was subsequently evaluated in outdoor weather conditions. As a result, it is concluded that there is an optimum number of DC fans required as cooling mechanism in producing efficient electrical output from a PV panel. The study clearly shows how cooling mechanism improves the performance of PV panel at the hot climatic weather. In short, the reduction of PV panel temperature is very important to keep its performance operated efficiently.
High Performance Control of Grid Connected Cascaded H-Bridge Active Rectifier Based on Type II-Fuzzy Logic Controller with Low Frequency Modulation Technique
Authors: Dabbaghjamanesh M. , Moeini A. , Ashkaboosi M. , Khazaei P. , Mirzapalangi K.
Published: March 2016

This paper tries to employ a fuzzy logic (FL) controller type II to control the Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) active rectifier. This controller has strong performance, specially, when a low switching frequency Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE) method is used. In order to regulate all of the DC link voltages, the optimum voltage balancing strategy in the low frequency modulation technique is used in the proposed method. Finally, the performance and effectiveness of the proposed method is validated in MATLAB environment.   All the simulation and result has been simulated by MATLAB software.
A New All-Optical Signal Regeneration Technique for 10 GB/S DPSK Transmission System
Authors: Das Bhagwan , Abdullah Mohammad Faiz Liew , Mohd Shah Nor Shahida
Published: March 2016

The transmission of high power inside the optical fiber, produce amplitude noise, phase noise and other transmission impairments that degrade the performance of optical communication system. The signal regeneration techniques are used to mitigate these nonlinear impairments in the electrical or in the optical domain. All-optical signal regeneration techniques are one of the solutions to mitigate these nonlinear transmission impairments in the optical domain without converting the signal from optical to electrical domain. The existing techniques are not capable enough to attain the Bit Error Rate (BER) less than 10-10 with the power penalty less than – 9dBm. In this paper, a new all-optical signal regeneration technique is developed that mitigate amplitude and phase noises in the optical domain. The new optical signal regeneration technique is developed by combining the two existing technique one is 3R (Reshaping, Reamplification and Retiming) regeneration and other is Phase Sensitive Amplification (PSA). The 10Gb/s Differential Phase shift Keying (DPSK) noisy transmission system is used to verify the features of developed technique. The developed technique successfully mitigates the nonlinear impairments from the noisy DPSK system with significant improvement in BER at low power penalty with the additional feature of high Q-factor and an eye open response for the regenerated signal. It is determined that BER of 10-12 is achieved at the power penalty of -14 dBm with Q-factor of 42 and an eye opened response. The developed technique in the DPSK system is realized using commercial software package Optisystem. The designed technique will be helpful to enhance the performance existing high-speed optical communication by achieving the minimum BER at low power penalty.
New Classifier Design for Static Security Evaluation Using Artificial In-telligence Techniques
Authors: Saeh Ibrahim , Mustafa Wazir , Al-geelani Nasir
Published: March 2016

This paper proposes evaluation and classification classifier for static security evaluation (SSE) and classifica-tion. Data are generated on (30, 57, 118 and 300) bus IEEE test systems used to design the classifiers. The implementation decision tree methods on several IEEE test systems involved appropriateness SSE and classi-fication by using four algorithms of DT’s. Empirically, with the present of FSA, the implementation results indicate that these classifiers have the capability for system security evaluation and classification. Lastly, FSA is efficient and effective approach for real-time evaluation and classification classifier design.
Using Square Wave Input for Wireless Power Transfer
Authors: Yamaguchi Kazuya , Hirata Takuya , Hodaka Ichijo
Published: March 2016

A wireless power transfer (WPT) circuit is composed of a transmitting circuit with an AC power supply and a receiving circuit with a load, and the circuits are wirelessly connected each other. Then a designer chooses the wave form of the AC power supply. Many papers about WPT adopt a sinusoidal wave as the input. The frequency of the sinusoidal wave is generally determined to the resonant frequency of the circuit for high power transfer. Since the number of circuit elements in the power supply to generate a square wave is much less than that of a sinusoidal wave, WPT with a square wave input should be treated. In fact, some papers about WPT adopt a square wave as the input, and adjust the frequency of the square wave to the resonant frequency of the circuit. In this paper, we examine how the frequency of a square wave input affects power and efficiency of WPT circuits, and propose a procedure how to determine the frequency of the input to improve power and efficiency. Finally we discuss which wave should be adopted as an input and how the frequency of the input should be determined, regardless of whether resonant phenomena occur or not.
Design of Three-Phase Three-Switch Buck-Type Rectifier for Pre-Charging Application
Authors: S Anandh , S Vijayan , Paramasivam Paramasivam
Published: March 2016

The main objective of a pre-charging circuit in variable frequency drives is to pre-charge the DC-bus capacitor without any voltage and current overshoot within the specified time. In exisiting variable frequency drives seperte pre-charging circuits (or) thyristor bridges were used due to this drives power density, cost becomes high and control technique becomes complex.  This paper presents about the design of three-phase three-switch buck-type rectifier for pre-charging application used in variable frequency drives which elimates the disadvantages of existing techniques. In this paper we will discuss about design procedure of pre-charging circuit of an 800KW converter with dc-link output voltage of 775V at an input ac voltage of 550V, 60Hz, selection of power and passive components, voltage and current stress of power transistors. In the final this paper discusses about loss distribution of the components and comparison of new converter technique with existing pre-charging techniques.
Technical and Economic Evaluation of Hybrid wind/PV/Battery Systems for Off-Grid Areas using HOMER Software
Authors: Gheiratmand Alireza , Effatnejad Reza , Hedayati Mahdi
Published: March 2016

Incremental consumption of electrical energy, reduction of fossil fuel resources and environmental pollution problems caused by them are the main reasons, which tend the managers and officials in countries energy sector to develop use of renewable systems. In the not-too-distant future the use of renewable energy such as wind and solar will be very important and will play predominant role in economic indices of power systems. In recent years, technological advances in renewable energy and increasing price of petroleum products promote system managers to use low-cost and low-emission energy resources in form of hybrid systems and widespread propagation of electricity generation have been developed in remote areas. In Hybrid systems two or more sources of renewable energy is typically adopted, which increases the reliability of these systems. In this paper, the technical and economical consideration of a wind and solar hybrid system to supply electrical energy for a number of remote users (aid and medical emergency Shelter in Yazd) is provided. In order to investigate optimization and economic analysis of the proposed hybrid system, the HOMER software is used.  The results of Simulation in HOMER software show that Solar cells and wind systems with average generation power of 896 kWh/yr. and 343 kWh/yr., consist proportion of 72 and 28 percent of the total generated energy respectively, which are dedicated to satisfy the loads
High Performance Speed Control of Single-Phase Induction Motors Using Switching Forward and Backward EKF Strategy
Authors: Jannati Mohammad , Sutikno Tole , Nik Idris Nik Rumzi , Abdul Aziz Mohd Junaidi
Published: March 2016

The aim of this research is to provide a high performance vector control of single-phase Induction Motor (IM) drives. It is shown that in the rotating reference frame, the single-phase IM equations can be separated into forward and backward equations with the balanced structure. Based on this, a method for vector control of the single-phase IM, using two modified Rotor Field-Oriented Control (RFOC) algorithms is presented. In order to accommodate forward and backward rotor fluxes in the presented controller, an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) with two different forward and backward currents that are switched interchangeably (switching forward and backward EKF), is proposed. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Close Loop V/F Control of Voltage Source Inverter using Sinusoidal PWM, Third Harmonic Injection PWM and Space Vector PWM Method for Induction Motor
Authors: Ojha Sandeep , Pandey Ashok Kumar
Published: March 2016

The aim of this paper to presents a comparative analysis of Voltage Source Inverter using Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation Method, Third Harmonic Injection Pulse Width Modulation Method and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Two level inverter for Induction Motor.  In this paper we have designed the Simulink model of Inverter for different technique. An above technique is used to reduce the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) on the AC side of the Inverter. The Simulink model is close loop. Results are analyzed using Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) which is for analysis of the Total Harmonic Distortion. All simulation are performed in the MATLAB Simulink / Simulink environment of MATLAB.
Development of Class D Inverter for Acoustics Energy Transfer Implantable Devices
Authors: Husin Siti Huzaimah , Md Saat Mohd Shakir , Yusop Yusmarnita , Abdul Ghani Zamre , Nguang Sing Kiong
Published: March 2016

The working principle of half-bridde Class D Parallel-Resonant Inverter (PRI) as power amplifier is presented in this paper. Simulation of the model is carried out using Proteus.  In order to verify the simulation results, an experimental verification is done. This inverter is used to excite the PZT transducers at the suggested resonant frequency of 416 kHz with power level transferred through Acoustics Energy Transfer (AET) concept at about 80mW. As experimental outcome result, the system managed to transfer energy at 66mW to the receiver side.
A Review on Performance Analysis of Matrix Converter Fed AC Motor Drive
Authors: Dhandapani Sri Vidhya , Thangavel Venkatesan
Published: March 2016

This paper presents a review on the analysis of characteristics that determines the performance of the matrix converter fed AC motor drive. Review is made based on the analysis of the different characteristics achieved in the literature. Different characteristic parameters considered in this paper are total harmonic distortion, common mode voltage, voltage transfer ratio and efficiency. Comparison and analysis of these characteristic parameters is done based on various semi conductor switches, topology, and control and modulation techniques.
The VWF-GPIb axis in ischaemic stroke: lessons from animal models
Authors: Denorme Frederik , De Meyer Simon F.
Published: March 2016

Stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. Ischaemic stroke is caused by a blood clot that obstructs cerebral blood flow. Current treatment mainly consists of achieving fast reperfusion, either via pharmacological thrombolysis using tissue plasminogen activator or via endovascular thrombectomy. Unfortunately, reperfusion therapy is only available to a limited group of patients and reperfusion injury can further aggravate brain damage. Hence, there is an urgent need for better understanding of ischaemic stroke pathophysiology in order to develop novel therapeutic strategies. In recent years, the pathophysiological importance of von Willebrand factor (VWF) in ischaemic stroke has become clear from both clinical and experimental studies. In particular, binding of VWF to platelet glycoprotein Ib (GPIb) has become an interesting target for ischaemic stroke therapy. Recent insights show that inhibting the VWF-GPIb interaction could result in a pro-thrombolytic activity improving cerebral reperfusion rates and concurrently reducing cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion damage. This review gives an overview of the experimental evidence that illustrates the crucial role of the VWF-GPIb axis in ischaemic stroke.
Africa’s Regional Powers and Climate Change Negotiations
Authors: Nelson Michael Byron
Published: March 2016

Two pillars underpin Africa’s approach to climate change negotiations: One is the “African Common Position,” and the other is the development of a negotiating coalition for presenting that position. This report explores the roles that Africa’s regional powers—Egypt, Ethiopia, Nigeria, and South Africa—play in supporting this African approach. These regional powers do not share the same interests as the rest of the continent. Not only do they differ based on energy production (Nigeria) and consumption (South Africa), but also in terms of their general vulnerabilities and readiness to face climate change. Even where they share interests, they often view these negotiation processes as serving goals other than solving the problems of climate change. Despite such issues, Africa still needs its regional powers to play a role in ongoing global negotiations, and the world will likely continue to focus on at least some of them as continental representatives.
The Relevance of Evidentiality for Ancient Greek: Some Explorative Steps through Plato
Authors: Van Rooy Raf
Published: March 2016

The present paper aims at drawing renewed attention to the relevance of evidentiality for Ancient Greek by means of a number of case studies taken from two of Plato’s works (namely the Apologia Socratis and Crito). First, I briefly identify the conceptual framework within which the main analysis of Attic evidential phenomena occurs. Then, I provide a preliminary overview of (possible) linguistic means used in marking evidentiality in Ancient Greek (formal aspect). I also explore the way in which evidential values are conveyed (semantic aspect). Certain Attic particles (e.g., ára, dḗpou), functional oppositions in complementizing patterns (e.g., hóti vs. hōs), defective verbal forms (e.g., ēmí), and “auxiliaries” (e.g., dokéō) are revealed as evidential markers or “strategies”. These are able to express inferential, presumptive, reportative, quotative, visual, and participatory evidentiality. The oblique optative is suggested to have evidential overtones as well. In summary, the paper endeavors to show the importance of “evidentiality” as an integrative conceptual frame for the descriptive analysis of certain Ancient Greek phenomena.
Русский Экзистенциализм: Достоевский – Бкрдяев [Russian Existentialism: Dostoevsky – Berdyaev]
Authors: Сердюкова Елена
Published: March 2016

В статье анализируется становление экзистенциализма в России в кон- тексте творчества Достоевского и Бердяева. Внимание акцентируется на формирование экзистенциального мироощущения Бердяева, в центре учения которого находится понимание личности как духа, как существо- вания. Для Бердяева Достоевский предстает как «великий антрополог», которого интересует человек, отпущенный на свободу. Бердяев заявляет об экзистенциальном характере всей русской философии и видит в До- стоевском предтечу русского экзистенциализма.

[The paper shows the evolution of Existentialism in Russia in the context of Dostoevsky’s and Berdyaev’s work. The focus is on Berdyaev’s Existentialist sensibility, which centres on the concept of the individual as spirit, as existence. For Berdyaev, Dostoevsky is the “great anthropologist,” who is interested in Man released into freedom. Berdyaev points to the existentialist character of the whole of Russian philosophy and identifies Dostoevsky as the precursor of Russian Existentialism.]
Dostoevsky and Heidegger’s Unreified Self: A Break with Tradition
Authors: Mosely Michael
Published: March 2016

The paper explores the substantial correlation of thought between Dostoevsky and Heidegger that exceeds Dostoevsky’s thematic concerns and stems from the heart of his poetics. Dostoevsky’s innovative presentation of the unfinalisability of consciousness constituted for Heidegger a powerful example of remaining within ‘life-experience’ and their denial of Kant’s a priori arguments marks them out as breaking from the philosophical traditions that preceded them.
Does Bedside Sonography Effectively Identify Nasogastric Tube Placements in Pediatric Critical Care Patients?
Authors: Atalay Yunus Oktay , Aydin Ramazan , Ertugrul Omer , Gul Selim Baris , Polat Ahmet Veysel , Paksu Muhammet Sukru
Published: March 2016

Background: A nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion is a common procedure in intensive care units, with some serious complications that result from the malposition of the NGT tip. This pilot study was designed to investigate the efficiency of ultrasound in verifying correct NGT placement and to compare these results with radiographic findings. Materials and Methods: This was a single‐center, double‐blind prospective study of patients who had received an NGT in the pediatric critical care unit. Twenty‐one patients aged 1 month to 18 years were included in this study. All NGTs were inserted by the same critical care physician. After insertion, the physician first confirmed NGT placement by the auscultation of the epigastrium following the insufflation of air. Confirmation was supplemented with an abdominal radiograph. A radiologist who was unaware of the radiographic findings performed bedside sonography on all patients and verified the location of the NGTs. The findings from these 2 physicians were then compared. Results: NGTs were inserted without any complications, and none of the NGTs were positioned in the respiratory tract in any of the patients. All NGT tips were visualized by radiography and sonography with a sensitivity of 100%. Conclusion: Bedside sonography performed by a radiologist is an effective and sensitive diagnostic procedure for confirming the correct NGT position in patients in the pediatric critical care unit.
A new proof of a theorem of Hubbard and Oberste-Vorth
Authors: Radu Remus , Tanase Raluca
Published: March 2016

We give a new proof of a theorem of Hubbard and Oberste-Vorth (Real and Complex Dynamical Systems, pp. 89-132, 1995) for Hénon maps that are perturbations of a hyperbolic polynomial and obtain the Julia set $J^{+}$

J
+

inside a polydisk as the image of the fixed point of a contracting operator. We also give different characterizations of the Julia sets J and $J^{+}$

J
+

which prove useful for later applications.
Optimal coincidence point results in partially ordered non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces
Authors: Abbas Mujahid , Saleem Naeem , De la Sen Manuel
Published: March 2016

In this paper, we introduce best proximal contractions in complete ordered non-Archimedean fuzzy metric space and obtain some proximal results. The obtained results unify, extend, and generalize some comparable results in the existing literature.
Memorial
Authors: Estrada Carolina
Published: March 2016

Memorial for: Jorge E. Estrada Mora

Personals provide news about individual members of the Society.
Seismic Levee System Fragility considering Spatial Correlation of Demands and Component Fragilities
Authors: Kwak Dong Youp , Stewart Jonathan P. , Brandenberg Scott J. , Mikami Atsushi
Published: March 2016

Seismic levee performance is most readily computed for short segments having consistent geometry, soil conditions, and seismic demands. Spatial variations of seismic demands and of segment capacities significantly influence system risk, which is critical for flood protection because any segment failure within the system can cause inundation. We present a methodology to compute the probability of seismic levee system failure conditional on individual segment fragility and spatial correlations of demands and of capacities. Seismic demands are estimated from ground motion prediction equations; their correlation is available in the literature. Capacities and their correlation are derived from levee damage observations from a levee system in Japan shaken by two earthquakes. We find seismic capacities to exhibit positive correlations over shorter distances than for demands. System fragility is computed using Monte Carlo simulations where segment demand and capacity realizations are generated to account for spatial correlations. We find that the probability of system failure is lower than would be obtained under an assumption of no correlation and that damage probability increases as the number of components in the system increases.
Amplification Effects of Thin Soft-Surface Layers
Authors: Liam Finn W. D. , Ruz Francisco
Published: March 2016

The amplification effects of shallow soft-surface layers with respect to an underlying hard-soil layer or rock are studied using data recorded from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. Twenty-four sites have been studied with depths to rock ranging from 4–30 m. At each site, two records were available: one in rock at the bottom of the borehole at depths of 100–500 m and one on the surface of the soft-soil layer. Analyses of the soil-rock columns were conducted using the program SHAKE. Good agreement was found between calculated and recorded surface spectra, which demonstrated the reliability of SHAKE analyses for the sites under study. Therefore, SHAKE analyses were used to determine the outcrop motions at the top of rock. Amplification factors were determined by comparing characteristics of the surface and outcrop motions such as Fourier and response spectra. Computed amplification factors were correlated with V S30, V soil, and soft layer period, T = 4 H/ V soil. The results show clearly that the most reliable correlations for estimating the amplification of soft shallow surface layers less than 30 m are those based on V S30 and soft layer period, T.
The Murder of Michael Brown
Authors: Mirzoeff Nicholas
Published: March 2016

Based on a full reading of the transcript of the grand jury hearings concerning the killing of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, on 9 August 2014, this article uses the transcript as an archive to demonstrate how the informal systems of racial hierarchy in the United States operate today. Arguing that the #BlackLivesMatter movement has created a persistent looking as a means of making such issues visible, Mirzoeff describes how the grand jury prosecutors turned the event into a high-definition visual space in which only physical evidence and police testimony could be trusted, discounting all eyewitness accounts. This reading shows that the event lasted less than a minute. Discrepancies, contradictions, and oversight abound in the prosecution case that was never cross-examined. At the same time, the transcripts provide insight into Michael Brown's life and the long-term policing issues in Ferguson. Far from proving the innocence of then Officer Darren Wilson, this account leads to more questions than answers. However, the Department of Justice review not only concluded that Wilson was justified in the use of force but also cast doubt on the signature question of whether Brown's arms were raised. Looking at the three medical examiners' reports in detail, Mirzoeff shows that Brown's arm was broken by a bullet that (in all likelihood) was fired either from behind or when his hands were raised. Prosecutors assert neither happened. We are left with a smoking gun but no bullet.
The Exchange Rate Response to Monetary Policy Innovations
Authors: Hnatkovska Viktoria , Lahiri Amartya , Vegh Carlos A.
Published: March 2016

We present a new data fact: in response to a monetary tightening, the domestic currency tends to appreciate in developed countries but depreciate in developing countries. A model is developed to rationalize this contrasting pattern. It has three key channels of monetary transmission: a liquidity demand channel, a fiscal channel, and an output channel. The paper shows that a calibrated version of the model can explain the contrast between developed and developing countries. Using counterfactual experiments and empirical evidence, we identify differences in the liquidity demand effect as critical in explaining the contrasting responses generated by the model. (JEL E23, E43, E52, F31, F33, O19)
Diagnostics of ulcus cruris venosum
Authors: Pljakic A. , Dörler M. , Stücker M.
Published: March 2016

Clinical diagnostics of venous leg ulcers set the course for efficient therapy. Precise clinical findings with an objectification of signs and symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency are essential. Duplex ultrasound investigations of the leg veins are necessary in the very early stages after the appearance of leg ulcers. Furthermore, not only a clinical investigation of the arterial perfusion but also the determination of the ankle-brachial-index is obligatory. Microbiological diagnostics are currently seen as useful in Germany, due to discussions on MRSA, even though they don´t have an immediate therapeutic consequence without the presence of clinical signs of infection. Therapeutic achievements can be objectified by a continuous documentation of the wound size, the wound bed, the wound exudate and signs of infection as well as the life quality of patients with chronic wounds.
Marine Omega3 wound matrix for the treatment of complicated wounds
Authors: Trinh T. T. , Dünschede F. , Vahl C.-F. , Dorweiler B.
Published: March 2016

Introduction Complicated wounds in the lower extremity can arise as a consequence of insufficient soft-tissue coverage after amputations in diabetic patients. The Kerecis® Omega3 wound matrix is a decellularized skin matrix derived from codfish and represents an alternative treatment option to achieve wound healing.

Methods 5 patients with diabetes mellitus and complicated wounds in the lower limb with exposed bony segments were treated with the Omega3 wound matrix between November 2014 and November 2015. Following initial debridement in the operating room, the wound matrix was applied and covered with a silicone mesh. In the further course, wound treatment was conducted on outpatient setting.

Results In total, 7 wounds were treated with localization at the level of the thigh (n=2) and the forefoot (n=5). For the wounds at the thigh, it took 26 weeks to achieve wound closure, whereas the wounds at the level of the forefoot showed healing times between 13 and 41 weeks. In all patients, a reduction of analgetics intake was noted when the treatment with the Omega3 wound matrix was initiated.

Conclusion The Kerecis® Omega3 wound matrix represents a viable treatment option in complicated wounds in the lower limb of diabetic patients to circumvent an otherwise necessary proximalization of amputation level. Further studies comparing the Omega3 wound matrix with appropriate control groups of standard therapies for soft-tissue conditioning/coverage like negative pressure therapy, biosurgery and other acellular dermal matrices are warranted.
The emerging role of phosphoinositide clustering in intracellular trafficking and signal transduction
Authors: Picas Laura , Gaits-Iacovoni Frederique , Goud Bruno
Published: March 2016

Phosphoinositides are master regulators of multiple cellular processes: from vesicular trafficking to signaling, cytoskeleton dynamics, and cell growth. They are synthesized by the spatiotemporal regulated activity of phosphoinositide-metabolizing enzymes. The recent observation that some protein modules are able to cluster phosphoinositides suggests that alternative or complementary mechanisms might operate to stabilize the different phosphoinositide pools within cellular compartments. Herein, we discuss the different known and potential molecular players that are prone to engage phosphoinositide clustering and elaborate on how such a mechanism might take part in the regulation of intracellular trafficking and signal transduction.
Methodological Approaches to the Classification of Tax Audit and Structuring of Its Objects
Authors: Киреева  , Kireeva Viktoriya
Published: March 2016

The article is devoted to study of the methodological principles of development of tax audit. There are presented

the author’s classification of tax audit built on the different criteria and the results of structuring of its objects.
EMPLOYMENT POLICY AS A MEANS OF PROMOTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL POLICY AIMED AT THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN POTENTIAL
Authors: Трошина  , Troshina Irina
Published: March 2016

Employment and human potential development are key conditions for the firm economic development of the state and modernization of the society. Economic aspects of labour activity of each person are determined by the conditions of formation and social and labour potential and opportunities. The transformation of the labour market in the current context of globalization contributes to the emergence of various forms and employment types, which give rise to the development of new labor relations and requires the development of current approaches to promote employment, conditions of human potential development, evolution of social and labor relations.
Socio-Economic Content, Legal Regulation, Development Trend of Educational Services
Authors: Лосева  , Loseva N. , Петрова  , Petrova N.
Published: March 2016

The article examines the socio-economic content of educational services, the requirements for the provision of educational services, legal regulation of paid educational services in the Russian Federation, current trends in the development of the education market in the world.