bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coherence and Intensity Statistical Mapping of Earthquake Affected Areas using Sentinel-1 Images
Authors: Reyes Rosalie , Nagai Masahiko
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The January 1, 2024, Noto Peninsula earthquake left many devastated areas. Right after the event, aerial photography provided the initial assessment but covered only specific areas. Satellite images with optical sensors that are freely available are limited by spatial resolution and oftentimes covered by cloud. The Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) due to its all-weather sensing capability proved to be useful in mapping the extent of the affected areas. This study mapped Wajima City where earthquake aftereffects were severe as reported using coherence and intensity mapping. Pre- and post-event images were used to rapidly identify affected areas. Based on the result, taking the coherence of one pre- and one post-event images can give an impression of wide earthquake damage. The coherence of two post-event images compared with two pre-event images provides a better estimate of affected areas. Taking multiple pre- and post- event images improved the map because the large variation of the intensity is minimized through time-series averaging. Using a simple RGB composite, the affected areas were mapped. Threshold mapping was also used to extract collapsed buildings/houses using a training dataset. The mean coherence difference and mean intensity difference between pre- and post-event images were the two variables used. The computed minimum threshold for the mean coherence difference was 0.35. However, the average not the minimum of the mean intensity difference of 3.0 was used as initial value. Using mean coherence difference>=0.35 gave a high accurate prediction of collapsed buildings at 73.47% but also has false identification of 30.95%. To negate the overprediction, the mean intensity difference<=4.0 was integrated. The result lowered the overprediction to 20.75% but also lowered the accuracy to 64.97%. This assessment was only conducted in the fire-razed morning market in Wajima City.
Spatiotemporal land use land cover (LULC) change analysis of urban narrow river using Google Earth Engine and Machine learning algorithms in Monterrey, Mexico
Authors: Rodríguez González Kevin David , Arista Cázares Luis Eduardo , Yépez Rincón Fabiola Doracely
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This study evaluates four Machine Learning Algorithms—Random Forest (RF), K-Means Clustering, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Classification and Regression Trees (CART)—for precise land use and land cover (LULC) classification in the Monterrey Metropolitan Area. During the period 2016-2019, and with alternating wet and dry season classifications, the research addresses challenges in identifying narrow rivers, using geospatial tools and it does notably the Pesqueria River, which is specially the most narrow and shallow river in the area. Five classes—Water, Vegetation, Urban, and Soil—were classified, achieving precision rates above 85%. Remarkably, SVM exhibited an excellent accuracy, particularly for narrow rivers, showcasing its utility in complex urban landscapes. The study utilizes high resolution satellite imagery with a spatial resolution of 4.7m, contributing to the reliability of the results. Emphasizing temporal dynamics, the research links LULC changes to urbanization, infrastructure, and seasonal variations, offering vital insights for sustainable urban development.
Increases in Night Lights Intensity Reveal Extreme Events: A Case of Study on the Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine
Authors: Cerra Daniele , Merkle Nina , Henry Corentin , Gapp Sebastian , Gstaiger Veronika
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Analyzing night lights images allows identifying and monitoring affected areas during conflicts, as an overall decrease in brightness indicates abandoned or destroyed buildings, curfews, or power shortages. While detecting decrease in lights intensity is an established technique to identify critical areas during conflicts, the causes of appearing bright lights have not been extensively studied. An increase in brightness may be related to extreme events, such as fires resulting from bombing. This paper shows several examples supporting this new use of these images, validated using high-resolution optical earth observation data and ancillary information sources in the frame of the conflict in Ukraine which has been ongoing since February 2022.
Comparing the accuracy of 3D urban olive tree models detected by smartphone using LiDAR sensor, photogrammetry and NeRF: a case study of ’Ascolana Tenera’ in Italy
Authors: Chiappini Stefano , Balestra Mattia , Giulioni Federico , Marcheggiani Ernesto , Malinverni Eva Savina , Pierdicca Roberto
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Rapid urban growth makes green space management crucial to improve citizens’ well-being. Urban olive trees characterize the Italian landscapes and their culture. This study explores different methodologies for urban tree assessment in this context, using an iPhone 14 Pro Max. These included: 1) its integrated Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensor using the Recon3D app, 2) its camera with Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques, and 3) its camera for generating 3D models using Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF). Additionally, a professional Mobile Laser Scanner (MLS), was used for comparison. Total height (H), canopy base height (CBH) and canopy volume (CV) measurements were extracted using both CloudCompare and allometric formulas. The main aim of this paper is to compare the 3D models of olive trees obtained from low-cost sensors with those generated from the MLS, which is a more accurate device but comes with significantly higher costs. The results, in terms of RMSE (iPhone LiDAR - H: 0.46 m, CBH: 0.12 m, CV: 15.66 m3; iPhone-SfM - H: 0.95 m, CBH: 0.19 m, CV: 25.85 m3; iPhone-NeRF - H: 1.26 m, CBH: 0.31 m, CV: 33.79 m3), bias and volume differences, reveal that the smartphone, in all the methodologies, tends to underestimate measurements as the size of the trees increases. This is due to the higher MLS range of acquisition. Despite these limitations, low-cost solutions like smartphone-based methods can be a viable alternative given their economic accessibility.
Modelos MIMIC: de la neurociencia a las ciencias de la salud
Authors: Grande Ratti María F. , Pérez Manelli Romina Y. , Vázquez Peña Fernando R. , Cordón Pozo Eulogio
Published: November 2024

En medicina, muchas veces se encuentran situaciones donde la regresión (lineal o logística) no es viable, por contar con constructos latentes o factores que incluyen diversas variables observadas, ya que tratan de reflejar o estimar fenómenos complejos multidimensionales. Esta limitación dio lugar a la búsqueda de metodologías estadísticas alternativas, como un subtipo de Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales denominados modelos MIMIC (del inglés, por Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes), utilizado originalmenteen neurociencias. En esta entrega se explica qué son estos modelos, para qué sirven, así como se mencionan los programas para su aplicación, y la interpretación de resultados. Se ejemplifica con un estudio sobre la calidad de vida de personas que recibieron un trasplante, destacando la representación gráfica y la importancia de la parsimonia en los modelos. Estos modelos permiten incluir factores y variables sueltas en simultáneo, resolviendo relaciones causales complejas, por lo cual resultan herramientas útiles en lainvestigación médica.
Change of the urbanized and agricultural landscape in the Nemunas loops regional park
Authors: Savickaitė Evelina , Jasinavičiūtė Agnė
Published: November 2024

Protected areas are established to protect areas that are valuable from a natural or cultural point of view. Landscape change is inseparable from human activity, as humans rapidly change the landscape by urbanizing it or expanding the areas of cultivated land. In recent years, the areas of anthropogenic landscape in the natural landscape are increasing more and more, the urbanized landscape is expanding as cities expand, and the agricultural landscape is expanding as a person constantly expands the areas of arable land and intensifies agriculture. These areas are also increasing in protected areas.

This work examines how and why the land cover changed in the Nemunas Loop Regional Park and its buffer zone during the period 1995-2018. CORINE land cover data were used to assess land cover change. Various research methods were used to determine the changes – analysis of scientific literature, online sources and information publications, cartographic analysis and comparative analysis.

After analyzing the data, it was found that changes took place both in the regional park and outside of it, but more of them are observed in the buffer protection zone, and not in the regional park itself. This is because the park is divided into zones of functional priority, and they determine what and where human economic activity is allowed, so there have been a little fewer changes in the park territory because the territory of the regional park has more conservation-type territories, where human economic activity is strictly limited. In the buffer protection zone, human activity is not so strongly restricted, so more changes have taken place there, and there are more cities in this zone, so more intensive urbanization is observed here.

Changes in the Nemunas loop regional park were determined by economic, social, and political reasons. The territory of the regional park changed during the global economic crisis, agricultural areas decreased, but forests and other natural areas increased, which indicates that the land cover could have been influenced by economic changes in the country. After changing the boundaries in the protected area, changes in the land cover are also evident, currently, the nature reserve of Punia šilo has been expanded, as a result of which the areas of cut forests in Punia šilo should decrease.
Assessment of ecological conditions of rare and medicinal plants in the vicinity of Puvočiai
Authors: Tamašauskaitė Vasarė , Šimanauskienė Rasa
Published: November 2024

The habitats of rare and medicinal plants are characterized by specific conditions: climatic, edaphic, orographic, biotic complexes influence the distribution of plants, their appearance, and chemical properties. The surroundings of Puvočiai are characterized by high biodiversity and an abundance of different natural habitats and biotopes. Continental sand dunes, various types of swamps, conifer forests (heaths), meadows, the valleys of the Merkys, Grūda, Skroblus rivers are shelters for rare and medicinal plant species. Prevailing postglacial river sands led to the fact that species of plants that like sandy soils, which are rarely found in other parts of Lithuania, came to this region from Southeast and Central Europe. The valleys of the Nemunas, Merkys and other rivers of their tributaries contributed to the emergence of these species. On the other hand, the territory also faces certain problems of landscape and land cover transformation. Active land cover changes are taking place in the Varėna district municipality in the forests that fall into the category of commercial forests. The mentioned land cover changes: forest change with clear cutting and renaturalization of the territory. Hence, it is important to understand that in the context of forest change and logging, it is important to investigate what ecological conditions allow rare and medicinal plants to thrive.

This study aims to evaluate the ecological conditions of rare and medicinal plants in the vicinity of Puvočiai. Based on Ellenberg-type indicator values for European native plants, first of all, the diversity of rare and medicinal plant species is evaluated according to the need for ecological environmental factors. Also, according to the calculation data of Fisher’s alpha index, the factors that have the most significant influence on the distribution of rare and medicinal plants and the diversity of species in the vicinity of Puvočiai are distinguished. Based on the indicator values, models (maps) of the distribution of ecological factors are created and its analysis is carried out.

The results of the study revealed that most plant species are light-loving, indifferent to air temperature, prefer moderately moist, neutral or weakly alkaline, low-nitrogen soil. Based on the Fisher alpha index, soil factors: fertility (nitrogen content in the soil) (=3.483), soil moisture (=2.982), pH reaction (=2.982), have the most significant influence on the distribution of rare and medicinal plants and species diversity in the vicinity of Puvočiai. In addition, the theoretical modeling of ecological factors revealed that the model of light (R2=0.41) and temperature (R2=0.27) have, respectively, moderate and weak correlations, and the models of soil moisture, pH and nitrogen content in the soil (moisture – R2= – 0.01, pH – R2= – 0.05, nitrogen content – R2= – 0.07) did not reveal a close relationship between the examined species and the model values.
Under the lens: Learning management system (LMS) platforms and DEIA components
Authors: Russo Denise
Published: November 2024

Many global higher educational institutions speak of accessibility, diversity, and inclusivity for students in terms of assignments, documents and syllabi, and assessments, but most in academia have not fully addressed the need for true accessibility in the learning management system (LMS) environment. The chosen LMS must be able to translate course content into meaningful lexicon for all students, including those who are multilingual, and/or have learning differences, yet it is not yet inherently capable of doing so. Faculty and higher educational leaders throughout the halls of higher learning do not have a universal, mandatory, standardized means of being trained in LMS best practices. Selections of a primary language interface can be made, but content uploaded by American English professors, for example, cannot be automatically translated into another language by a LMS. Many issues arise with how to provide alternative text for images in the testing environment without revealing the assessment’s answers, yet providing enough context with which to select the appropriate answer choice. We will explore the delicate balance of using alt text, scripting, translation, and other existing accessibility, diversity, and inclusivity tools within LMS platforms, address the need for global, universal LMS best practices training for academics, and delve into other issues that inhibit student success within the online learning environment.
Varicella challenges: A case of respiratory tract complications in an elderly patient
Authors: Rahmi Alfina Multaza , Prakasita Karine Annisa , Damayanti Damayanti
Published: November 2024

Varicella, caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), is rarely reported in the elderly but often complicates with pneumonia. In this case report, we present a case of varicella pneumonia in the elderly. A 60-year-old man presented to the emergency room with vesicles filled with clear fluid that had appeared all over the body for the past four days. The patient also reported fever, headache, pain when swallowing, and itching. Initially, the rash consisted of pink macules that progressed to papules, vesicles, pustules, and crusts. The patient experienced a cough and shortness of breath one day before the hospital visit but did not report any chest or abdominal pain. Notably, the patient’s two grandchildren had a history of chickenpox. The patient had been living with diabetes for five years and was undergoing treatment with insulin injections. The patient was also an active smoker for 40 years. On physical examination, several vesicles with varying degrees of redness were observed, along with yellow-black crusts, pustules, and erosions. Diagnostic tests revealed multinucleated giant cells on a Tzanck smear; pulmonary inflammation with thickening of the right hilum on a chest X-ray; extended-spectrum beta-lactamases Klebsiella pneumoniae in the sputum culture; and elevated hemoglobin A1c, blood sugar level, and liver and kidney function markers on laboratory examination. Based on the clinical findings, the patient was diagnosed with varicella, community-acquired pneumonia, diabetes, acute renal failure, and elevated transaminase enzymes. The patient was treated with acyclovir, paracetamol, salicylate 2% powder, fusidic acid 2% cream, moxifloxacin, N-acetylcysteine, curcuma, and insulin. The patient’s clinical condition improved, the complaint of dyspnea decreased, and the patient was discharged to outpatient care after eight days of hospitalization. This case highlights that while varicella is rare in the elderly, it often presents with severe varicella pneumonia, making early detection and comprehensive management essential to prevent complications and mortality.
Formation and Development of Professionally Important Qualities of Civil Defense Specialists at Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Vdovych Svitlana
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the peculiarities of the formation and development of professionally important qualities of civil defense specialists at higher education institutions. Different approaches to the definition of the concept of «professionally important qualities» are analyzed, according to which the concept is considered as biologically determined (physiological, psychological, innate abilities and inclinations), individual and psychological properties of a personality as a specialist as well as personal properties formed and developed in the process of training and professional activities.
The author considers some classifications of professionally important qualities of a civil defense specialist.
For any type of professional activity, such professionally important qualities as discipline, responsibility, accuracy, attentiveness, observation, sensitivity, punctuality, restraint, ingenuity, ability to self-control and professional self-assessment of one's own states and actions, purposefulness, developed visual and figurative memory and analytical thinking are relevant.
Risky professions require physical endurance, coordination of movements, dexterity, ability to tolerate heavy physical loads and high temperatures, determination and courage, mental and emotional stability, risk-taking, ability to switch, distribute, concentrate and hold attention, react quickly to the situation and make independent decisions and act in extreme conditions, a sense of duty, etc.
The following groups of professionally important qualities for civil defense specialists are identified and substantiated: psychophysiological, intellectual, emotional and volitional, moral and ethical, managerial and communicative. The possibilities of their formation and development in the process of cadets' professional training at a higher education institution are considered.
Academic Mobility as a Strategic Vector of Quality Training of Future Specialists in the Era of Globalisation and Development of Educational Innovations
Authors: Iliichuk Liubomyra
Published: November 2024

The article reveals the essence and analyses the conceptual foundations of academic mobility through the prism of its impact on the quality of educational services in modern universities. The close connection between academic mobility, globalisation processes and the rapid development of educational innovations aimed at integrating national higher education systems into a unified European educational area and the global knowledge society is emphasised. It stresses that academic mobility is one of the most important features of the modern education system and an effective tool for improving the quality of human capital. Based on analysis of academic literature and legal documents, the essence of the terms «mobility» and «academic mobility» is presented and the types and forms of academic mobility are defined. It is noted that one of the indicators of successful development of the global market of educational services is international academic mobility, participation in which contributes not only to improving the quality and competitiveness of the national higher education system in the global market of educational services, but also to improving mutual understanding between peoples and cultures, optimising educational intercultural communication, creating conditions for professional and personal self-realisation, formation of highly qualified specialists capable of acting effectively in a dynamic world. The article describes international academic exchange programmes aimed at supporting research and innovation in the field of education and science.
Formation of Motivation of Youth Students to Engage in Physical Culture and Sports in Institutions of General Secondary Education (Example of Implementation of the Modular System)
Authors: Rebryna Andriy , Kolomoyets Halyna , Derevyanko Viktoriya
Published: November 2024

The article updates the issue of the involvement of children and school youth in physical education and sports through the formation of personally meaningful motivation. The importance of increasing the motivation of students to engage in physical education and sports through the differentiation of the content of physical education lessons, taking into account the interests of students, is theoretically substantiated using the example of the implementation of the modular system presented in the Model Curriculum «Physical Education. 5-9 grades».
It was determined that motivation for physical education is a complex multi-vector phenomenon that requires appropriate selection of approaches to work with school youth and depends on many factors, in particular, on well-chosen and optimally balanced general and differentiated means, forms, and methods. It has been proven that content differentiation through variable modules can serve as a meaningful and positive lever for inclusion and interest of students in physical education lessons.
It is substantiated that the implementation of a modular system in lessons has a number of advantages for increasing the motivation of young students to engage in physical education through the structuring and productivity of the educational process, the dynamism and transformation of the content of physical education lessons, the variability of means, methods, and teaching methods; possibilities of quick adaptation, mobility; ensuring an individual approach to learning; personalization and differentiation of the content of physical education lessons; establishment of active, dialogic, subject-subject interaction "teacher - student" when choosing teaching aids; the flexibility of designing the educational process when choosing modules that correspond to the interests of students, the goals and objectives of education.
A Differentiated Approach in the Organization of Sports and Health Work with Student Youth
Authors: Bozhok Oleksandr
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes domestic and foreign research on the theory and methodology of physical education, highlighting the importance of implementing a differentiated approach in organizing sports and health activities for youth. The concept of «differentiation» in the context of physical education is clarified.
It has been proven that sports and recreational activities are a powerful resource in the education of the growing generation. The influence of sports and recreational activities on the harmonious and comprehensive development of the personality (physical, intellectual, social, emotional) is described.
The main factors of the use of a differentiated approach in sports and health work are determined, the features of the formation of groups of the same type are described, the importance of the use of variable methodical tools in accordance with the typological features of each group is updated.
The advantages of using a differentiated approach in sports and health work are described (individualization and personalization of activities, improvement of health and general physical condition of school youth, increase of motivation for sports and physical culture, development of physical and moral-willed qualities).
The need to create favorable conditions and choose the optimal physical load that corresponds to the individual characteristics of students, improve work tools and methodical tools, optimize the structure of sports and health activities, update the content of physical activity according to the individual training of students, create adaptation opportunities for student youth, update the content of activities in accordance with the individual characteristics of students, the use of various pedagogical technologies to attract students to active participation in sports and health activities.
Development of Pupils', Students' and Cadets Value Attitude to Health-Preserving Activities by Means of Combat Horting
Authors: Otravenko Olena , Dikhtiarenko Zoia , Gancheva Vladislava , Yeromenko Eduard
Published: November 2024

The co-authors of the scientific publication carried out the research and described the results by means of a survey of 9th grade athletes from 34 sports clubs in Ukraine (n=807), research students of the State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University (n=92), and practicing students of the State Tax University (n=32), who were involved in the development of mini-projects on health promotion activities, conducting training in combat horting in natural conditions, experimental extracurricular health activities, writing qualification papers on the topic of research and participating in conferences of various levels, including international ones, monitoring activities during combat horting classes and extracurricular activities). The aim of the study is to practically test the efficiency of educating pupils', students' and cadets value attitude to health-preserving activities by means of combat horting. The basis of the study was the development of research skills through the method of analyzing student researchers; improvement of practical skills of pupils and students who participated as combat sport athletes and student practitioners, assistant coaches from 2020 to 2024.
Results of the research. The co-authors of the research group developed and implemented a set of goals for educating pupils', students' and cadets to cultivate a value-based attitude to health promotion; developed questionnaires and conducted a survey among pupils and students; identified components, criteria and indicators for developing a value-based attitude of pupils', students' and cadets to health promotion; and presented practical recommendations. Moreover, the respondents acted as coaches, which promoted the development of soft skills and the ability of teamwork. Conclusions: This study contributed to the coordination of teamwork between pupils, students, teachers/coaches; aimed at improving the quality of professional and practical training of higher education students and their career development. Consequently, it is necessary to focus on the practical component of educational and research activities in higher education institutions, improvement of the educational and training process in sports clubs of Ukraine, based on the domestic and foreign experience of prominent experts.
revolución de la esperanza
Authors: Scribano Adrian
Published: November 2024

Este articulo tiene por objetivo presentar la esperanza como una emoción que motiva modificaciones radicales en la constitución de las personas, las comunidades y de la relación de los seres humanos con el planeta y todos los seres vivos que lo habitan. Para lograr dicho objetivo se apela a la siguiente estrategia expositiva: a) se sintetiza como se entiende relación entre prácticas intersticiales, emociones y sensibilidades, b) se expone sintéticamente porque la esperanza es la contracara de la paciencia y la espera como virtudes cívicas, c) se esquematizan algunas características de la esperanza, d) se presenta de modo resumido la esperanza y su relación con el amor, la confianza, la reciprocidad y la felicidad, y finalmente se concluye con unas líneas sobre el lugar de la esperanza en un geometría revolucionaria.
Interseccionalidade e Covid-19
Authors: Gonçalves Flora Rodrigues , Chaves Bráulio Silva , Valente Polyana Aparecida
Published: November 2024

Apresentamos um panorama crítico da pandemia da Covid-19, com foco nas intersecções entre classe, gênero e raça, a partir das comunidades quilombolas Córrego do Narciso e Córrego do Rocha, no Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, e da Cabana do Pai Tomás, aglomerado urbano de Belo Horizonte-MG. Buscamos tensionar os conceitos de democracia sanitária e direito à saúde, a partir das práticas dos sujeitos. Pesquisas baseadas em projetos que emanaram de redes institucionais, para o enfrentamento e análise do contexto sanitário, operaram na confluência da educação popular em saúde e da divulgação e popularização em ciência, entendidas como promotoras de um entre-lugar de encontros. A metodologia deu proeminência à análise qualitativa, contribuindo para perceber o papel das lideranças femininas nas ações de enfrentamento à Covid-19 e seus efeitos. Apesar das distâncias geográficas, tais mulheres se conectam, fazendo múltiplos territórios se vincularem no tempo histórico e na urgência pandêmica.
ruptura antropológica sem precedente
Authors: Le Breton David
Published: November 2024

A crise sanitária lembra a estreita interdependência de nossas sociedades, a impossibilidade de fechar as fronteiras, porque o vírus já está aqui. A pandemia impõe uma biopolítica devido a questões que ultrapassam as fronteiras dos países. O vírus é o inimigo dissimulado do qual é preciso imunizar o corpo social através da máscara, do distanciamento físico e de contatos limitados. O mundo inteiro entrou numa fase de liminalidade que carece de instruções de utilização. Entra em cena um sistema de acordo de não trespasse levado a seu extremo. Essa experiência da pandemia quebrou um certo descuido em relação ao passar dos dias, recordando brutalmente a precariedade da existência. Ela restabelece uma escala de valor ocultada por nossas rotinas. A crise sanitária lembra brutal e saudosamente o preço das coisas sem preço.
memetização do discurso bolsonarista sobre combate à pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Leal Sayonara , Mejia Fabiana , Nóbrega Júnior Fábio
Published: November 2024

O artigo discute como memes de internet atuam como operadores semióticos da formação discursiva bolsonarista à serviço da desinformação sobre medidas de combate à pandemia da COVID-19, no Brasil. Empregamos alguns postulados da Análise do discurso na inspeção de memes publicados em redes sociais online por internautas e parlamentares brasileiros alinhados à posição do ex-presidente do Brasil, Jair Messias Bolsonaro, sobre a realidade pandêmica no país. A crítica humorística às orientações da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) é veiculada em unidades semióticas jocosas (memes) em três registros principais: prevenção, tratamento e imunização contra a doença. Inferimos como a memetização de fakenews sobre o vírus e sua letalidade corroborou para a negação da gravidade de um problema público global em redes sociais digitais. O discurso bolsonarista paralelo ao consenso científico mundial sobre medidas de combate à doença se tornou um caso exemplar de ideologização da saúde pública no Brasil com repercussões danosas para a democracia sanitária no país.
Políticas de combate à pandemia da Covid 19, democracia sanitária e direito à saúde
Authors: Leal Sayonara , Monteiro Marko
Published: November 2024

Este dossiê está circunstanciado na discussão sobre políticas de combate à pandemia da Covid 19 em diferentes países, tendo como referenciais normativos princípios de democracia sanitária e direito à saúde. Buscamos aqui explorar diversas facetas da resposta brasileira à Covid 19, especialmente, aquelas conectadas com democracia, ciência e os princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS, a fim de investigar mais a fundo as lições que podemos depreender daquele momento de emergência. Ainda que muito se tenha escrito sobre a Covid, sobretudo, no calor do momento da crise sanitária, acreditamos que resta muita reflexão ainda a ser feita a respeito de como o Brasil enfrentou a maior crise sanitária do século 21: como entender os sucessos e fracassos no enfrentamento à Covid? Como devemos nos preparar para as próximas emergências, que certamente virão? Em que medida os pilares do SUS e sua tradição participativa e democrática podem nos fornecer saídas para crises como essas, e como proteger esse legado?
direito ao cuidado no Uruguai da pandemia
Authors: Batthyány Karina , Perrotta Valentina
Published: November 2024

Em 2015, o Uruguai aprovou uma lei que reconhece o direito ao cuidado, criando o Sistema Nacional Integrado de Cuidados (SNIC). A pandemia coincidiu com a posse de um governo constituído por uma coligação de direita que promoveu a redução do défice fiscal como objetivo central do seu programa de governo. Este artigo aborda o que ocorreu com o direito à assistência nesse período, a partir da análise de documentos oficiais produzidos pelo SNIC, notícias relacionadas às medidas implementadas no país e fontes de dados regionais como o Observatório COVID-19 na América Latina e Caribe da CEPAL. É evidente que ter uma lei de ponta sobre cuidados e um sistema não foram suficientes para que o governo implementasse medidas para proteger este direito. Prevaleceu uma concepção residual do papel do Estado e uma abordagem dos cuidados associada à responsabilidade familiar e privada, contrária ao quadro do sentido da lei.
Implementation of Dimension Order Routing Algorithm on Reconfigurable Hardware for NoC applications
Authors: Liyaqat Nazir
Published: November 2024

Inter-processing element communication encounters significant hurdles arising from constraints in power consumption, physical space, and data transfer speed. Storing data packets temporarily during communication uses a lot of the chip's power. Many contemporary network-on-chip (NoC) architectures are heavily resource-intensive due to the extensive use of router buffers. Eliminating these buffers and virtual channels can streamline router design and reduce power consumption. The routing and arbitration strategies implemented within a NoC router are pivotal for optimizing the overall performance of the NoC mesh. The routing algorithm plays a critical role in NoC systems, as it is responsible for balancing traffic load across network channels, even in scenarios of asymmetric traffic distribution. This paper introduces a model for X-Y routing algorithms, specifically tailored for implementation on FPGA platforms utilizing a flexible state diagram. The distinctive contribution of this research lies in its synthesis and optimized realization of the X-Y routing algorithm on FPGAs, providing Network-on-Chip (NoC) designers with a robust framework for developing efficient routers tailored to their FPGA architectures.
“An Analysis of Rangareddy District Central Co-operative Bank's Financial Performance”
Authors: E. Shanker
Published: November 2024

Cooperative banks offer loans and other services to farmers and rural populations in a timely manner. However, the bank's operating efficiency and financial stability will be impacted by any loan repayment default. Funds are halted as a result of NPA, which lowers interest income and results in a cash shortage. Operating bank services, such as processing regular payments and dues, is undoubtedly made more difficult by this. Cooperative banks are currently under a lot of stress, which is resulting in decreased working profits as well as a decline in productivity and efficiency. It is a known truth that NPAs are rising and recoveries are poor. The paper's goal is to evaluate Rangareddy DCCB's claim of 0% Net NPA. As a result, a number of bank financial metrics are examined in the study. According to the current study paper's conclusion, farmers were able to obtain sufficient funding for crop cultivation thanks to the ongoing process of monitoring loan issuance and recovery efforts, which demonstrated a profitability in association with loan and non-performing asset provision.
ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN THE STATE AND PRIVATE BUSINESS IN THE NORTH-WEST REGION: ANALYSIS OF EXPERIENCE
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Varfolomeeva Vera A. , Ivanova Natalia A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: November 2024

In modern Russia, there are many projects in which the state side and the private side interact with each other. The article is devoted to the economic cooperation of these two parties: The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that this interaction between the state and business benefits all parties to the agreements, as well as has a significant social effect on the population. The authors conclude that concession agreements are mainly used in the northwestern region, since they are more beneficial to the state, since ownership passes to it after the construction or modernization of the facility. Although in a public-private partnership, the risks are distributed mainly to a private person, since the object of the agreement remains owned by the business. In any case, the private party will profit from the implementation of this project.
P LANNING OF SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE REGIONS OF THE NORTH-WEST: HISTORICAL CONTEXT
Authors:   Institute for Regional Economic Studies of Russian Academy of Sciences, Okrepilov Vladimir V. , Kuznetsov Sergey V. ,   Institute for Regional Economic Studies of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2024

The article presents the history of the development of strategic documents for scientific, technical, and socio-economic development in the St. Petersburg region and the North-West Federal District. The research was conducted by the Institute for Re- gional Economic Studies of Russian Academy of Sciences, which previously was known as the Institute of Socio-Economic Problems of Academy of Sciences of the USSR. The Institute’s focus on large cities and regions allowed it to apply its fundamental knowledge for solving practical problems in the fields of science, technology, and integrated socio-economic development. Examples of im- portant strategic documents developed in the Soviet era include the Comprehensive program of scientific and technical progress and Intensification-90 for Leningrad and the Leningrad region. In the post-Soviet period, the Institute contributed to the development of strategies for socio-economic development of St. Petersburg and the North-West Federal District as well as the concept of scien- tific and technological development of St. Petersburg, the strategy for the “science-education-innovation” complex in the North- West Federal District and the comprehensive scientific and technical program of the North-West Federal District.
MODELING THE PROPERTIES OF AN ENTERPRISE AS A SUBJECT OF THE INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL SPATIALLY LOCALIZED SUBSYSTEMS
Authors:   Higher School of Engineering and Economics, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Konnikov Evgeniy A.
Published: November 2024

The article reveals the concept of a spatially localized subsystem in the context of the theory of subregional eco- nomic localizations, as well as the associated “agglomeration effect”, which substantiates the role of such subsystems as cen- tral elements in the theory and practice of regional management. The stages of development of a methodology for account- ing for the intellectual capital of spatially localized subsystems based on quantum mathematics are presented. An algorithm for assessing the effectiveness of socio-economic development of spatially localized subsystems, based on the use of chaos theory methods, is substantiated. The result of the study was a conceptual model of the mutual influence of the enterprise and the information environment with an emphasis on identifying directions for innovative development.
P OST-SANCTIONS ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RUSSIA: ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC SECURITY
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, Plotnikov Vladimir A. , Plotnikov Anton V. ,   St. Petersburg University of Management Technologies and Economics
Published: November 2024

The development of the Russian economy in recent years has taken place in conditions of political and economic turbulence. This turbulence is generated by two successive macroshocks, the first of which is caused by the Covid-19 pandemic (2020), and the second by anti-Russian sanctions (2022). These events had a negative impact on the Russian economy. These shocks can be characterized as complex realized threats to economic security. At present, judging by the dynamics of GDP, the consequences of these threats have generally been overcome. The article examines the nature of these shocks and shows that the negative potential of the impact of the sanctions macroshock remains. Post-sanctions economic growth is not sustainable. Institutional and structural reforms are required in order to adapt the economy to the new conditions of its development and functioning. For their successful implementation, it is necessary to modernize the implemented economic security policy; the essence of this modernization is to give this policy a strategic orientation.
RUSSIAN QUALITY INFRASTRUCTURE: PROBLEMS AND AREAS OF DEVELOPMENT IN PERSONNEL TRAINING
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics, Gorbashko Elena A. , Androsenko Natalya V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics, Lipatnikov Vitalii S. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics, Kolbina Anastasia D. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics
Published: November 2024

The article examines the problem of the functioning of the system of continuing education in the field of technical regulation, standardization and ensuring the uniformity of measurements of the Russian Federation. The results of the study are presented, the subject of which was the assessment of the quality of the implementation of basic educational programs in terms of economic specialties and various additional educational programs from the point of view of training highly qualified specialists with competencies for the development of the Russian quality infrastructure.
STRATEGIES OF RUSSIAN CITIES WITH A POPULATION OF MORE THAN ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND IN 2014–2024
Authors:   Institute for Regional Economic Studies Russian Academy of Sciences, Zhikharevich Boris S. ,   Leontief Centre, Pribyshin Taras K. ,   Leontief Centre
Published: November 2024

The characteristics of urban strategies adopted over the ten years of the Federal Law “On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation” are studied, broken down into two five-year plans. The formalized results of the analysis of the texts of 82 strategies of cities with a population of more than 100 thousand people adopted in the first five-year plan and 42 strategies that emerged in the second five-year plan are compared. For each strategy, the dynamics of the characteristics were evaluated. These characteristics are continuity, balance (both improved), ambition (the emergence of more realistic strategies), stated and real priorities (the share of strategies with high attention to spatial development, public institutions and ecology has in- creased) and the use of flagship projects (there are more strategies with conscious use of flagship projects). There has been an increase in attention to all sectors of the social sphere, especially education, culture, and healthcare. Urban strategies (Novo- rossiysk and Sochi) have been identified, characterized by a deep study of spatial development issues, which brings them closer to master plans. During the content analysis of the formulations of the main goals of the strategies and missions of cities, it was found out that the leading phrase remains “quality of life”, used in more than 60% of the main goals. In the second five- year plan, the words “comfort”, “entrepreneurship”, “space” were used much more often than in the first. The popularity of the word “growth” has decreased.
Pragmatic Perception of Sensationalism: A Comparison of British and Malaysian Online Newspapers Headline Constructions
Authors: Nadhirah Mohd Sabri Nur’ain , Noornisa Ismail Isma
Published: November 2024

This study examines the pragmatic features of sensationalist headlines in online newspapers, comparing The Times (UK) and The Star (Malaysia) in 2024. Using discourse analysis on 60 headlines, we investigate how sensationalism shapes public opinion in the digital age. The research addresses a gap in cross-cultural analysis of media influence and aims to enhance media literacy. Results indicate that headline writers employ various pragmatic elements, with speech acts being the most prevalent, to convey intended messages and engage readers. Both overt and implicit use of pragmatic features effectively express themes of victory and liberation across both publications. While the study provides insights into pragma-linguistic strategies in sensational headline construction, its limited sample size suggests the need for broader future research. The findings offer valuable insights for media practitioners, researchers, and consumers, highlighting the importance of critical media consumption in an era of increasing sensationalism.
Empowering local food security: A systematic review of community grain banks
Authors: Sharma Vaishali
Published: November 2024

Community food systems, exemplified by initia­tives like community grain banks (CGBs), play a crucial role in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2), which aims to achieve zero hunger and ensure food security by 2030. This paper draws upon a systematic review of the literature on CGBs to emphasize the relevance of community institutions in enhancing local food security. Adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, this paper reviews 16 aca­demic articles, two theses, and 19 online sources. The study reveals that CGBs offer immediate relief during food shortages, empower women, stabilize farmers’ income, reduce debt burdens, foster social trust, and enhance community resilience. This review highlights the need for international stake­holders to prioritize supporting CGBs to preserve the self-sustaining systems. Tailoring CGB designs to community-specific needs could significantly enhance local food security, offering actionable strategies to mitigate severe food insecurity globally and regionally.