bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sexual Reproduction and Plasticity Analysis of Two Ecotypes Leymus chinensis on Heterogeneity Soil
Authors: Zhou Chan , Zhang Zhuo , Zhang Shuo , Yang Yun Fei
Published: February 2014

Characteristics of sexual reproduction of two L. chinensis ecotypes under saline-alkali soil and sandy soil habitats on Songnen plain were studied, such as number of florets, number of grains, seed-setting percentage and the weight of thousand grains. The results showed that number of florets, number of grains, seed-setting percentage and the weight of thousand grains of two L. chinensis ecotypes fluctuated at some range. Variation coefficients of number of florets, number of grains and seed-setting percentage were 34.63%, 79.37% and 87.2% higher, but variation coefficient of the weight of thousand grains was lower. Number of grains and seed-setting percentage of two L. chinensis ecotypes under saline-alkali soil habitat were lower than those under sandy soil habitat. Significance test showed that number of florets and seed-setting percentage of two L. chinensis ecotypes, number of grains of grey-green ecotypes L. chinensis and the weight of thousand grains of yellow-green ecotype L. chinensis between saline-alkali soil habitat and sandy soil habitat were significant or very significant. Number of florets and the weight of thousand grains between two L. chinensis ecotypes under the same habitat were significant or very significant. In results, adaptation of sexual reproduction of two L. chinensis ecotype populations on habitat was stronger. The two ecotypes adopt the same adaptable reproduction strategy. Condition change arose plasticity feedback of characteristics of sexual reproduction. And individual difference in population under the same habitat was results by microhabitat difference.
Highly Selective Oxidation of Cinnamaldehyde to Benzaldehyde by Hydrogen Peroxide in Mild Conditions
Authors: Nie Yuan Mei , An Yong Peng , Peng Cai Hua , Yao Xing Dong
Published: February 2014

Benzaldehyde was produced from oxidation of cinnamaldehyde by hydrogen peroxide in propylene glycol in the presence of sodium bicarbonate. Protic solvent demonstrated high selectivity and the yield of benzaldehyde could reach up to 82% in propylene glycol. The effect of solvent on the selectivity was attributed to hydrogen bond interaction between the oxidation intermediate epoxide and the solvent.
Adsorption Effect of NO3-, SO42- and PO43- about As (V) on the Porous Biomorph-Genetic Composite of Fe2O3/Fe3O4/C with Eucalyptus Wood Template
Authors: Xie Li Wei , Huang Bin , Huang Yan Hua , Cao Shuang , Zhu Zong Qiang , Zhu Yi Nian
Published: February 2014

The adsorption effect of NO3-, SO42- or PO43- about As (V) on the novel porous biomorph-genetic composite of Fe2O3/Fe3O4/C was prepared with eucalyptus wood template (PBGC-Fe/C) was analyzed and considered. The results show that NO3-, SO42- and PO43- have different change trend onto the PBGC-Fe/C adsorbent under initial As (V) concentration of 5, 10, 50mg/L, the competitive adsorption capacity is: PO43-> NO3-> SO42-. And with increasing of NO3-, SO42- and PO43- concentration, the competitive adsorption phenomenon is more violent.
Comprehensive Control of 7-Amino-Cephalsporanic Acid Dust in Drying Workshop
Authors: Zhang Jin Feng , Liu Xin , Hou Li Min , Liu Qin
Published: February 2014

7-amino-cephalsporanic acid (7-ACA) is the key intermediate of cephalosporin, which has a strong sensitization and explosion hazard. So it seriously affects the worker’s health in the workshop, the environment safety out of the workshop and work safety. The drying workshop of 7-ACA at a pharmaceutical enterprise in Shijiazhuang is investigated and the production process is analyzed, the key places of dust leakage and the causes of dust generation are identified. Combined with the pollution and safety risk in drying workshop, the targeted control measures are taken from the process technology, ventilation system and dust collecting device, which effectively removed the adverse effects from 7-ACA leaking. The study provides a reference for the dust control in similar enterprises.
Numerical Simulation of College Dormitory Ventilation Airflow
Authors: Li Hui Xing , Tang Cheng Cheng , Feng Guo Hui , Gao Rui Yang
Published: February 2014

China's higher education has entered a rapid development period, the total number of students increased dramatically, using the north-south double-sided architectural design of high-rise dormitory buildings constantly emerge. The indoor air quality of dormitory using central air-conditioning for heating and cooling has become the focus problem. To the north of the dormitory air conditioning as the research object, under the same condition and simulate and analysis the airflow of the side air supply and the top air supply of the air conditioning and ventilation room. The results show that the room adopt the side air supply form has more superiority in comfort and economy.
Research Advancement of the Joint Toxicity of Heavy Metals Mixture
Authors: Wu Jie , Mo Ling Yun , Qin Li Tang , Zhu Zong Qiang , Zhu Yi Nian
Published: February 2014

Some researches on heavy metals treatment and disposal methods have been reported, the studies related to the single heavy metal toxicity are developed, but the relatively on toxicity of multi-compounds heavy metals and their mixture have been poorly discussed. This article describes the levels of single heavy metals, compares the strengths and weaknesses of diferent test methods, emphasizes on the characteristics of joint toxicity with mixture. The analysis results discover that the combined toxicity of heavy metals vary with different mixtures combinations, test target, methods and some predictive models were adopted to determine the dose-effect relationship. which propose the development direction of heavy metals toxicity, provide theoretical support for the establishment of environmental monitoring and evaluation methods system.
Effects of Human Mood State in Extreme Hot Environment
Authors: Li Guo Jian
Published: February 2014

To explore the effects of human mood state in extreme hot environment. The mood states of 20 healthy male volunteers were evaluated by self-assessment questionnaires, Profile of mood state (POMS) and state anxiety-inventory (S-AI), then random exposure to environmental chamber with temperature of 25°C,36°C,38°C,40°C and relative humidity of 40%,60%,80% for 1 hour. The negative mood state factor points (T,D,A,F,C) and S-AI points increased gradually as the temperature and relative humidity increased. While (V) points had a tendency to decrease, under the condition of high temperature, the relative humidity of the emotional impact is greater than the impact of high temperature on human emotions.
Adsorption Behaviors of Acid Dyes by Water-Insoluble Crosslinked Cationic Starch
Authors: Zhang Min , Ju Ben Zhi , Zhang Shu Fen , Zhang Xue , Cui Zhi Hua
Published: February 2014

This paper presents a study on the adsorption of structurally different C.I. Acid Red 1(AR-1) and C.I. Acid Yellow 4(AY-4) from aqueous solution by a series water-insoluble crosslinked cationic starches with different degrees of substitution (DS) synthesized by a dry process. The adsorption quickly establish equilibrium within 15 min. The effective adsorption took place at the initial pH of 2-10 and pH of 2-8 for AR-1 and AY-4, respectively. The adsorption capacity of the two acid dyes increased with the increasing of DS of the crosslinked cationic starches. The adsorption capacity of AY-4 was almost two times higher than that of AR-1 under the present conditions. It was found that the adsorption kinetics of the two acid dyes on the crosslinked cationic starch was well described with the pseudo-second-order model (R2>0.99). Further, the Langmuir isotherm agreed well with the experimental data (R2>0.99). Besides, the thermodynamic parameters are shown.
Performance Analysis of Ozone Catalytic Oxidation Sludge and Landfill Leachate
Authors: Yin Jun , Wang Zheng , He Li Jian , Wang Wan Yao , Liang Liang
Published: February 2014

Experimental study of the ozone through catalytic oxidation treatment sludge and rubbish leachate, The impact of different catalysts dosage on absorption rate of O3CODNH4+-NTPpH and other indicators.The results showed that, Dosing Cu-Ni catalyst can increase the absorption rate of ozone, And rubbish leachate ozone absorption rate is higher than the absorption rate of the sludge supernatant; Ozone oxidation catalyst can improve sludge supernatant and leachate the COD removal rate, the optimum mass ratio of 3; Ozone oxidation of sludge supernatant and rubbish leachate is difficult to NH4+-N and organic nitrogen due to preferential oxidation of ozone to convert it to NH4+-N, NH4+-N within the system led to rise, not fall, overall dosing ozone catalyst for the oxidation of NH4+-N had little effect; Dosing catalyst can effectively improve the sludge supernatant and rubbish leachate TP removal, rubbish leachate optimal mass ratio of 3, the optimum sludge supernatant mass ratio of 7; Rubbish leachate pH, with a small amount of catalyst dosage was decreased, while the pH of the sludge supernatant, then with a small amount of catalyst was increased upward trend.
Plus a Plant Regulator of Food Waste and Sludge Mixed Aerobic Composting Study
Authors: Yin Jun , He Li Jian , Wang Zheng , Chen Lu Jing
Published: February 2014

Experiment was based on plus a plant regulator of aerobic composting food waste and sludge mixed, results showed : Ventilation and air supply in different ways, the pile temperature and soluble COD increased with prolonged compost increased first and then decreased trends, pile moisture content, volatile organic matter and water-soluble nitrogen are presented with the composting time has decreased, while the pH value of the hybrid reactor with composting time was down then up trends; Having aeration rate 0.2m3 / h, 0.6m3 / h, 1.0m3 / h of continuous supply trials comparing gas volume of 0.6m3 / h when the best compost and gas volume in the same conditions, the continuous supply way than intermittent air supply composting effect.
Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution by Raw and Modified Diatomite
Authors: Linghu Wen Sheng , Cui Jia Ming
Published: February 2014

Removal of heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Pb2+and Ni2+) from aqueous solution by raw and modified diatomite was investigated in a batch reactor. The diatomite was modified by acid-wash and base-wash, respectively. The influence of kind of diatomite, contact time and initial concentration of metal ions on the adsorption efficiency were studied. The results showed that the acid-washed diatomite showed the best adsorption capacity for all of Cu2+, Pb2+and Ni2+) among raw, acid-washed and base-washed diatomites. Metal ions adsorption amount on A-diatomite increased in the initial concentration range from 10 to 50ppm and in general kept constant after the initial concentration was higher than 60ppm. The result also indicated that Ni2+is more easily adsorbed on the surface of diatomite than Pb2+and Cu2+.
A Method for Computing Return on Investment of Ecological Restoration of Coastal Mud Flat
Authors: Sun Ling , Zhu Ze Sheng
Published: February 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the use of condition linear programming model to optimize development and ecological restoration of coastal mud flat, in particular maximizing ecosystem service values, minimizing ecological restoration cost and computing return on investment of ecological restoration of coastal mud flat. Such a linear programming model for Dafeng City, Jiangsu Province, China was constructed to represent all ecosystem and ecological restoration services and given the return on optimal investment of ecological restoration for the coastal mud flat. This indicates that there is a possibility of obtaining a decision support system from the linear programming model and suggests that it is possible to improve decisions of restoration programs of the coastal mud flat by the return on investment of ecological restoration in which multiple service benefits can be maximized and ecological restoration cost can be minimized simultaneously.
On the Experience of Enterprise Energy Conservation and Emissions Reduction in Developed Countries and the Enlightenment to China
Authors: Lv Jin , Liu Jia Li , Ma Jing , Liu Peng
Published: February 2014

Developed countries have made significant results in the process of energy conservation and emissions reduction. We select the United States and Japan in the developed world as examples, introduce the policy content and features in the two countries to promote energy conservation and emissions reduction, and provide the beneficial enlightenment to energy conservation and emissions reduction work in China.
Effects of Phosphate Rock on Absorption and Accumulation of Heavy Metals of Ryegrass in Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil
Authors: Wang Ying Zhe , Zhao Zhong Qiu , Jiang Guang Yu
Published: February 2014

The effects of phosphates rock (PR) with different particle sizes {D97<4.26 (the diameters of 97% of the particles are less than 4.26 µm.), <36.83, <71.12 and <101.43 µm} and different concentration (2.5% and 5% content of try soil weight) on immobilizing heavy metal-contaminated soils by a perennial ryegrass greenhouse experiment are conducted. Results indicate that remediation effect of applying 5% content is more significant than 2.5%. Ryegrass biomass in shoots in the former applying content is much larger than the latter and for both roots and shoots, PR reduces the absorption and accumulation of Pb, Cu and Zn, but no significant influence on Cd. While adding the same amount of different sizes of PR doesn’t show significant differences between these treatments. Pb content at 5% level of the finest size of PR is the minimum, decreased by 33% and 56% compared to the control in roots and shoots respectively, which was also suitable for Zn, decreased by 12.65% and 39.61% respectively.
A Review on Water Eutropication: The Causing Factors and Purifying Technologies
Authors: Zhao Feng Liang , Li Qin Fen , Yang Xiaoe , Liu Jing Kun
Published: February 2014

Water eutrophication has become a worldwide environmental problem, and understanding the causing factors of water eutrophication will help for prevention and remediation of water eutrophication. The major causing factors of water eutrophication and purifying technologies were reviewed in this paper. There are many factors causing water eutrophication, including human activities, air deposition, precipitation, fertilizer runoff, animal waste and rural household pollution. Therefore, it is difficult to remediate eutrophic water. Constructed wetlands and floating beds have proven to be promising treatment alternatives in developing countries. Moreover, the biomass from phytoremediation ecological engineering can be used bioenergy feedstocks or animal feeds.
Current Situation and Prospect of Comprehensive Utilization of Red Mud
Authors: Yi Ruan Rong , Cao Wa
Published: February 2014

This paper first summarized red mud utilization in the production of building materials, recovery of valuable metals, soil improvement and waste gas and water control etc, evaluated the status and trend of red mud utilization in the ways mentioned above, and prospected thepractical and economical utilization direction of red mud in the end.
Research on the Disposal Strategy of Waste Textiles
Authors: Xue Hong Yan , Zhang Xiao Jun , Wang Yan Qiu
Published: February 2014

The disposal of waste textiles has been widely concerned in economic life. With the development of economy, more and more textiles are produced, consumed, discarded and result in a large number of waste textiles, If waste textiles can be put into cyclic utilization, we can save resource consumption, promote ecological protection. More than 95% waste textiles have been reused in the world. In China, existing textile policies and regulations are not comprehensive, recycling channels are not sufficient, peoples consciousness of protecting environment is backward. Advanced experience of waste textiles disposal in developed countries will provide a beneficial reference to formulate scientific strategy of waste textiles disposition in China.
The Application of New Separation Technology - Molecular Distillation Regenerated of Waste Heavy Oil
Authors: Fu Zhong Jun , Huang Hao Fei , Wang Hong , Sun Rui
Published: February 2014

The new technology of thin film evaporation - molecular distillation was introduced to the regeneration process of waste heavy oil. According to the results, this method was proved to be effective to the narrow separation of the material of waste engine oil from engine maintenance workshop, and also be suitable to a large-scale production. The properties of the distillation products from molecular distillation were found to be comparable with those of the typical standards of MVI250 and MVI350 respectively. The overall yield of 90% was got in the process. The recommended conditions of the pabs was 5-80 pa, heat transfer oils was 200-240oC, circulating water temperature is 25-28oC. The resulted product can meet the standards of MVI250, MVI 350.The practice shown in this paper suggested a good method to get high yield of good base oils. The molecular distillation will show excellent prospects in the field of waste oil regeneration.
Study on Conditions Optimization of Surplus Sludge and Nutrient Soil Co-Composting
Authors: Li Jia Liang , Shan Chang Qing , Zhang Hui , Yang Ji Bin
Published: February 2014

In order to test the feasibility of co-composting for surplus sludge and garbage RD thermal decompositing nutrient soil, the mid-temperature composting experiments for the optimized conditions such as bacteria inoculating mode, initial moisture and pH were carried. The results showed that:(1) K-bacteria isolated from soil had a ability of decompositing insoluble mineral potassium to soluble forms at a rate of 9.20 μgK/200ml.h, and a decomposing ratio of 7.83% for potassium feldspar in liquid batch culturing. Moreover, after liquid enlargement culturing for 32h, the quantity of bacteria spores reached its climax, which ensured the high survival rate of K-bacteria. (2) The pre-compost inoculating mode (M1) was superior to post-compost (5th d M2) based on available nutrient or K-bacteria quantity increasing;(3) Through optimizing experiments, the best initial moisture of 50-60% and pH of 6.5 were determined with an ideal available nutrients and K-bacteria quantity in compost; (4) The inoculating of K-bacteria could increase the microbial quantity and activity, which may increase the heavy metal activity in compost, so the further researches on heavy metal passivation should be considered.
Research on Gas Emission Combination Forecast Method Based on Improved AHP
Authors: Wang Li , Tian Shui Cheng , Wang Xi , Chen Yu Meng , Wang Rui
Published: February 2014

Three original forecast methods such as exponential prediction, hyperbola prediction and grey prediction were combined to propose a new method to improve the forecast accuracy of gas emission in coalmines considering three factors of those methods, which are stability, data utilization and appropriate time interval. The combination weights were determined by Improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). By using the combination forecast method to predict the gas emission of a coalmine in northwest of China as an example, the results appeared that this new method had a better accuracy and easy operation, comparing with the results of three original forecast methods. The method had a positive direct significance to gas emission prediction.
Research on the Safety Evaluation of Large Recreation Facilities Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wang Zhi Rong , Zuo Qing Qing , Zhang Xin Dong , Li Xiang Dong
Published: February 2014

A safety evaluation index system regarding to the current safety situation of large recreation facilities in China is established. 13 secondary standard items are built by considerring human factor, equipment factor, environment factor and management factor. The existing safety evaluation of large recreation facilities are conducted by qualitative evaluation methods with highly fuzziness. The evaluation results are uncertain. After the network training, a safety evaluation model based on BP neural network is built. It can reduce the subjectivity of qualitative evaluation effectively with more scientific and objective results. Through the model based on BP neural network, the present safety situation of one large amusement facility is evaluated. The evaluation result is consistent with the actual situation. The method based on BP neural network in the paper provides a new method for safety evaluation of large recreation facilities.
A Positive Study of Risk Behavior Based on Dynamic Panel Data
Authors: Liang Kai Qiao
Published: February 2014

The paper studies risk behavior and capital buffers of Chinas commercial banks under capital regulatory whose core is capital adequacy ratio. We find that the regulatory pressure doesnt significantly affect the risk behavior of commercial banks. It doesnt affect the capital adjustment of commercial banks which have already violated regulatory capital requirement. Whereas, commercial bank which doesnt violate the regulatory requirement but approaching the threshold, will react to this pressure by fine-tuning of supplementary capital to increase its capital adequacy ratio.
Product Water Footprinting: Application with Milk Products at Brand Level
Authors: Xu Chang Chun , Wu Yao , Jia Hao , Chen Fu
Published: February 2014

The production and consumption of products and services exert much pressure on hydrological cycle. Water footprint is a popular indicator quantifying both direct and indirect water use of a product or service. In this article, water footprints were calculated for three milk products, 180g Yogurt, 250mL Fluid milk and 400g Skim milk powder (SMP) at product brand (YiYi®) level. The process LCA-based water footprint method was applied using primary production data, with both volumetric and stress-weighted results reported. Water footprint values were compared among different life cycle stages and products, and possible mitigation strategies to minimize the burden on freshwater systems from consumptive water use were raised. The results demonstrated the suitability of water footprint as streamlined indicator for product sustainability management and affirmed the importance of farming stage for water footprint reduction.
An Experimental Study of the Flow Structures in Vegetated Open Channels
Authors: Hu Xu Yue , Jiang Kun , Ren Hua Qiang , Shen Xiao Xiong
Published: February 2014

To investigate the effects of vegetation on flow Reynolds stress and turbulence intensity,an experiment was performed with plastic rods and artificial waterweeds in a slope-variable laboratory flume; an acoustic Doppler velocimeter was used to measure the instantaneous velocity at different points on the vertical line under different conditions; Turbulence parameters at each measuring point were calculated, such as Reynolds stress and turbulence intensity; The effects of vegetation on flow structures were analyzed through comparison with the turbulence characteristics of uniform open channel flows without vegetation distribution. The experimental results show that the turbulent constant Reynolds stress layer exists in water flows with vegetation distribution compared with the water flows without vegetation distribution. Without vegetation distribution, the viscous shear stress at the flume bed mainly affects the area between the bed and the level at a depth about 30% of the water depth. With vegetation distribution, the effect of the viscous shear stress at the bed weakens.The highest flow turbulence intensity with vegetation distribution occurs within the range of vegetation height.
An Oxygen Isotope Study of Seasonal Trends in Jinxiuchuan River of Jinan South Mountain
Authors: Wang Yong Sen , Xu Zheng He , Dong Si Fang
Published: February 2014

The stable isotope composition of river water contains some information of water cycle and climatic factors, such as precipitation, evaporation and temperature. Oxygen isotopes in river water were monitored at one site in Jinxiuchuang basin of Jinan southern mountain.δ18O values of river water show a variation from-7.82 on July 6 to-9.98 on June 6. The result reveals that the river water was mainly supplied by the precipitation. The isotopic variations at Jinxiuchuan river have strong precipitation patterns owning to different rainfall in summer.
Restoration of Eco-River in Hefeng Village
Authors: Zhu Xiang Hong , Jiang Zeng Bin
Published: February 2014

Restoration of eco-river took advantage of double river canal, tegular dam, and wetland system to purify wastewater from Hefeng village. The river flood control standard could meet 50-year flood with double river canals. And tegular dams were piled up of eco-bags which could come into buds and plants. They divided the river into 5 wetlands. In the wetland, bacterial was oxidized and decomposed, and algae carried out photosynthesis. Diversified aquatic vegetation and animal were introduced. They formed intricate food chains to degradate organisms and assimilate inorganic substance. The eco-river purified water, and made friendly habitat for all the creatures.
The Experimental Investigation on Transportation Characteristics of LNAPLs in 2-D Porous Sand Tank
Authors: Liu Han Le , Mo Li Yun
Published: February 2014

This paper is based on a laboratory experiment, investigating the migration mechanism and distribution characteristics of LNAPL in unsaturated layered heterogeneous porous media. At first, LNAPL infiltration experiment was conducted on a 2D sand tank and pictures were taken to record the diffusion process by Auto-CAD; after analyzing the pictures , the infiltration frontal variation pictures in different time were obtained. The results show that when LNAPL reached dry wet interface, due to the effect of capillary water pressure, the infiltration velocity quickened significantly; When entering the lens, because of the different infiltration rate, formed the characteristics of the lens body concave front line.
Study on Control of Water Quality of Poyang Lake
Authors: Wu Chuan Bao , Zeng Xiang Hui
Published: February 2014

Water quality of Poyang Lake is facing serious threats with the quick development of Jiangxi Province. Water quality control and pollution prevention of Poyang Lake have become important problems set before Jiangxi Province. To keep good water quality of Poyang Lake, a series of pollution-preventing strategies were studied. In order to prevent point source (PS) pollution, industrial types and layout, management measures and production technique should be improved. Strategies to prevent non-point source (NPS) pollution include four aspects. First is to transform part of NPS pollution to PS pollution by rationally laying out industry system. Second is to construct spatially harmonious and reasonable landscape pattern. Third is to reform conventional agricultural production by using advanced chemical and biological technologies. Fourth is to carry out Best Management Practices (BMPs) and Low-impact Development (LID) by learning and innovation.
Soil Macropore Structures and their Effect on Preferential Flow
Authors: Liu Mu Xing , Cui Wen Hu , Wu Dan , Liao Li Juan , Du Wen Zheng
Published: February 2014

Recent researches on soil macropore and preferential flow were reviewed in this paper. Definition of macropore, causes of preferential flow, observation technologies, and preferential simulated models were introduced. Soil macropore investigated methods include dye tracing, sectioning, CT scan, tension infiltration curve, and markers tracing. Preferential flow models include two domain model and multiple domain model, two phase model and hybrid model, etc.
Environmental Friendly Conversion Coating Formed on Magnesium Alloys and its Anti-Corrosion Performance
Authors: Zhou Wan Qiu , Wu Shi Wei , Sheng Li , Li Xin
Published: February 2014

Conversion coatings on cast AZ91D magnesium alloy were prepared in the manganese dihydro phosphate baths. The corrosion behavior of the coated and uncoated alloys has been investigated by polarization curve methods. The morphology and composition of coated surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX ) as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. It is found that the conversion coating surface characterized by crystal particle and was composed of Mn3(PO4)2. Electrochemical investigation results indicated that the phosphate conversion coating could enhance the corrosion potential in great extent of about 1300mV compared with Mg alloy substrate.
Hydrothermal Synthesis Nano-SrTiO3 Powder and the Factors Control
Authors: Wang Ning Zhang , Liu Jing , Liu Shi Feng , Rong Shi Long
Published: February 2014

In this research, SrTiO3 powder is prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method. In the process of reaction, SrCl2 and Ti (OC4H9) 4 with NaOH can obtain the precursor as reactants and mineralizer respectively. Then take the precursor into autoclave without any pretreatment, to make it react under the temperature of 150 °C and the stirring speed 360 r/min in 8 hours. After the reaction finishing, the prepared SrTiO3 powder were charactered by X-ray diffraction and SEM. the results of experiment showed that we succeed in making nanostrontium titanate powder under above condition and the grain size is almost 60 nm.
Heat Capacities and Standard Molar Enthalpy of Formation of Butyl 4-Hydroxybenzoate (C11H14O3)
Authors: Meng Qing Fen , Zhu Dong Hai , Tan Zhi Cheng , Dong Ya Ping , Li Wu
Published: February 2014

Low-temperature heat capacities of butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate have been measured by a high precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 79 to 399 K. The melting temperature, the molar enthalpy and entropy of the phase transition were determined to be (342.227 ± 0.054) K, (26.122 ± 0.192) kJmol-1and (76.33 ± 0.55) JK-1mol-1.The thermodynamic functions (HT-H298.15K) and (ST-S298.15K) were calculated in the range from 80 to 400 K with the interval of 5 K. The constant-volume energy and standard molar enthalpy of combustion have been determined,cU (C11H14O3,s) =-(5760.30 ± 2.70) kJmol-1andcHm0(C11H14O3, s) =-(5765.26 ± 2.70) kJmol-1, by means of a precision oxygen-bomb combustion calorimeter atT= 298.15 K. The standard molar enthalpy of formation has been derived,fHm0(C11H14O3, s) =-( 564.16 ± 4.41) kJmol-1, from the standard molar enthalpy of combustion in combination with other auxiliary thermodynamic quantities through a Hess thermochemical cycle.
Studies on the Sorption of Benzene over DX 09 Carbon
Authors: Wang Xin Ming , Tang Hai Rong , Zhou Xue Zhi , Wang Ning , Yang Feng Hua
Published: February 2014

BET (Brunauer Emmett and Teller) surface area and pores distribution for the samples DX 09 Carbon were measured for of DX 09 carbon by N2 adsorption (195 °C) with Autosorb-1C (American Quantachrome Company).The adsorption of benzene over DX 09 Carbon was measured in the static vacuum adsorption equipment, which was self-constructed in laboratory. It was experimentally found that the BET surface area is about 1008 m2/g, and the structure coefficients for DX-09 carbon were W=0.365 and B=1.32*10-6 measured by benzene adsorption and calculated by D-R equation.
Comprehensive Research into the Influence of Resin on Properties of Environmentally Friendly Water-Based Ink
Authors: Gong Ying , Huang Bei Qing , Wei Xian Fu
Published: February 2014

As printing technology advances, environmentally friendly consumable printing materials have been explored. Water-based ink has become a new research hotspot due to its printability and environmental friendliness. Resin is an important part of water-based ink which functions as the carrier of the pigments. Its performance directly affects the printability of the ink. In order to obtain optimal ink formulation, different resins were applied and tested. This paper emphatically analyzes and discusses: (a) different resins and its performance in water-based covering ink; (b) cultivate an evaluation and rating system of resins applied. The water-based ink does not contain volatile organic compounds (VOC), which makes it to the benefit of environment protection and sustainable development.
Effects of Yttrium on Cyclic Oxidation Resistance of Co-10Cr-5Si Alloy at 700 °C
Authors: Xiang Jun Huai , Xu Xian Chao , Bai Ling Yun , Zheng Yun Xiang , Zhang Huai Shu
Published: February 2014

The cyclic oxidation behavior of Co-10Cr-5Si alloys with and without Y in atmosphere at 700 °C was investigated. The addition of 0.3 at.% Y decreased the average parabolic rate constant from 4.39×10-10g2cm-2s-1to 3.42×10-10g2cm-2s-1. The surface components with and without Y were both composed of an outer CoO and inner protective SiO2. There were more SiO2formed when Y doped into the alloy. The addition of 0.3 at.% Y improved the cyclic oxidation resistance of the Co-10Cr-5Al alloy.
Influence of Hydraulic Retarder on Commercial Vehicle’s Rear Axle Sideslip
Authors: Li Shu Mei , Luo Wei Dong , Liu Hui Pu
Published: February 2014

Combined with the correlative parameters of a certain commercial vehicle, the change of brake forces match and the effect on vehicle’s brake stability was analyzed when using hydraulic retarder. In order to avoid the trend of rear axle sideslip, there is a limited brake torque for a commercial vehicle with fixed parameters. Then the state of the commercial vehicle was simulated using MATLAB, obtaining the allowable maximum hydraulic retarder gears at different initial brake speeds. The results indicate that when vehicle’s actual brake forces distribution value is changeless, this method can decrease the trend of rear axle sideslip for two-axle commercial vehicles equipped with hydraulic retarders.
The Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process in the Evaluation of Simulation Models of Marine Diesel Engine
Authors: Wang Yuan Qing , Ren Guang , Yan Zeng , Tan Yang Hui
Published: February 2014

Facing to the problem of hierarchical structure decision analysis which is made of scheme level + factor level + target level, the analytic hierarchy process gives a whole set of solution and process. This method is used to evaluate diesel engine simulation model. Evaluate original mean value model of large-scale low-speed marine diesel engine and the new one by this method. Calculated results prove this method is applicable.
Lateral Stiffness Simplified Calculation for Flexicoil Spring with Rubber Pad on One End of Railway Locomotive and Rolling Stock
Authors: Jiang Yi Ping
Published: February 2014

Based on classic lateral stiffness analysis theory of flexicoil spring and rubber pad, the mechanical model and mechanical relationships of flexicoil spring with rubber pad on one end are established, and the simplified calculation formula for the lateral stiffness of flexicoil spring with rubber pad on one end is derived. By contrasted with experimental results, the theoretical lateral stiffness values of the derived simplified formula are in good agreement with the experimental results, so the derived lateral stiffness simplified calculation formula is correct and accurate. The result of this simplified lateral stiffness calculation formula can meet the requirements of engineering theoretical analysis, this calculation method can provide theoretical basis for such structures design and application, and provide parameters for dynamic calculation of railway locomotive and rolling stock.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of H-C-TiO2/Graphene Based on the Synergistic Effect between Surface Defects and Ti-C Bond
Authors: Zeng Lei , Li Ming Hui , Song Wu Lin
Published: February 2014

The hydrothermal-prepared carbon-doped titanium dioxide/graphene nanocomposite material possessed excellent photocatalytic property after annealling in hydrogen (H-C-TiO2/G). The photocatalytic activity toward decomposing gaseous formaldehyde for H-C-TiO2/G is better than that of C-TiO2 and H-C-TiO2. The microstructure of as-prepared samples was investigated by TEM, Raman spectra and XPS spectra. It is believed that the enhancement of photocatalytic activity is mainly ascribed to the synergistic effect between surface defects and Ti-C bond.
Solver Development for Three-Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Flow on a Collocated Structured Grid System Based on SIMPLE Method
Authors: Mao Jie , Liu Ke , Pan Hua Chen
Published: February 2014

A steady state magnetohydrodynamic laminar solver with low magnetic Reynolds number has been developed in OpenFOAM platform. SIMPLE method has been used to solve the velocity vector and pressure. The induced electric potential and induced electric current has been solved according to a consistent and conservative scheme on a collocated structure grid. The solver has been validated by simulating Shercliff's case with medium Hartmann number. The results show that the numerical solution results match the analytical solutions well.
Characterization of Two-Phase Flow Patterns in Small Round Tubes
Authors: Hong Wen Peng , Niu Guo Qing , Jin Ming Liang
Published: February 2014

To investigate flow characteristics by high speed video systems, experimental study was conducted to gas-liquid two-phase flow in horizontal round small tube with diameter of 5.5 and 2.6 mm, the typical flow pattern images were obtained, but stratified flow of the conventional size horizontal channel had not been discovered. Gas and liquid superficial velocities range from 0.1 to 100 ms-1, and 0.01to 10.0 ms-1 respectively. Flow patterns for co-current flow of air-water mixtures in horizontal round tubes are determined by high-speed video analysis to develop flow regime maps and the transitions between these flow regimes. Comparisons with the relevant literatures show that diameter and surface tension effects play an important role in determining the flow patterns and transitions between them.
Theory Analysis of Microparticle with an Acoustic-Gavity Field
Authors: Yin Hai Yan , Zuo Chun Cheng , Cao Yan Xin , Yang Da Yi
Published: February 2014

Ultrasonic strengthening separation is a contactless separation technique, it is widely used in industrial processes, environmental assessment, biochemical analysis, clinical diagnosis and other fields. In this article, we deduced microparticle clustering in Z and X direction Coordinate equation, discussed in detail the various factors influencing particles equilibrium position in the liquid medium.
Design and Analysis of Hermetic Single Chip Packaging for Large Format Thermistor
Authors: Jiang Bo , Dong Tao
Published: February 2014

The paper presents the hermetic thermistor sensor packaging with 12.8mm×9.6mm used in exothermic reactions detection. The mechanical analysis was conducted including the germanium (Ge) window stress and deformation caused by process stress and vacuum effects. The maximum deformation of Ge window is about 281.5μm and the stress intensity is about 650.19MPa. YbF3 with the thickness of 1.36μm and 1.09μm are used as double-layer antireflection films to weaken the reflection incidents. The transmission is 87.82% for 8-14μm wavelengths as calculated. The paper also presents the influence of vacuum environment on detectors performance. The results suggest that the temperature response approaching to theoretical value when the chamber pressure is lower than 0.01 mbar. At last, this work illustrates the process flow and fabrication details of the packaging devices.
Research on Leakage Permeance Calculation of Bar Permanent Magnet in Open Magnetic Circuit
Authors: Liang Hui Min , You Jia Xin , Xie Yong , Zhai Guo Fu
Published: February 2014

For electric magnetic system which contains permanent magnet, its calculation results often has a low level accuracy when using equivalent circuit method .The calculation method of permanent magnet leakage permeance is the key point and needs to be improved. The leakage permeance calculation formulas of bar type permanent magnet are deduced. The magnetic field simulation method and analytical method for calculating leakage permeance of bar type permanent magnet in open magnetic circuit are investigated based on the finite element method. An example is given and the results are validated by experiment. The methods and results can be used to found the equivalent magnetic model with high accuracy.
Passivation Effect of Rare Earth Lanthanum on Galvanized Steel
Authors: Liu Xiao Feng
Published: February 2014

By way of chemical marinate method, carrying out rare earth lanthanum to corrosion protect galvanized steel. The process of rare earth lanthanum conversion coating for galvanized steel was studied by using orthogonal experiment to get the optimized passivation parameters when the concentration of La (NO3) is 30g/L, H2O2is 20ml/L, pH=4 and was passivated at 40°C for 30s. The corrosion resistance was examined by weight loss tests, neutral salt spray tests (NSS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the corrosion impedance of the pretreated sample was significantly improved, the corrosion rate was decreased by one order of magnitude, and the anti-white rust time was 54h.
Piezoelectric Performance Analysis of the Single-Sided Trapezoidal Loop Shaped Piezoelectric Cantilever Beam
Authors: Jiang Bing , Chen Hong , Chen Li Juan , Cao Kun , Yuan Shuai , Wang Qiang
Published: February 2014

In order to improve the energy harvesting efficiency of piezoelectric cantilever beam (PCB) in the environment. This paper presents a new type of piezoelectric cantilever beam which is the single-sided trapezoidal loop shaped PCB. By theory analysis, the equivalent circuit model was established, resonant angular frequency is inversely proportional to the length of cantilever beam. Based on finite element analysis method, the piezoelectric performance of single-sided trapezoidal loop shaped PCB and that of single-sided rectangular loop shaped PCB are compared with the same areas. The analysis results show that the coupling voltage of the former is larger, the output power of single-sided trapezoidal loop shaped PCB is improved, and the theoretical derivation of the inverse relationship between the frequency and length is verified.
Research on Field Simulation Application in Warship Cabin Performance-Based Fire Protection Design
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Pu Jin Yun , Li Dong Zhen
Published: February 2014

As the rapid development of warship equipment automation, warship cabin fire protection design in many developed countries has transformed from the prescription approach to Performance-based Fire Protection Design (PFPD). Since the warship is moving offshore structures, its PFPD can fully learn from building PFPD on land. This paper firstly outlined the concepts and methods of building PFPD. Through comparing the similarities and differences of structure and fire-fighting capacity both on warships and in building, the warship cabin PFPD roadmap was proposed. From the perspectives of warship structure and personnel protection, warship PFPD parameters were proposed. Applied field simulation model into quantitative and numerical analysis of the fire compartments and adjacent ones to determine the cabins not meeting the demands of PFPD parameters. According to the analysis, take active or passive optimization fire protection measures making these compartments optimized design to meet structure fireproof parameters, ultimately achieve the fire protection purpose.
Research on Control Strategy and Simulation of Electric Power Steering System for Electric Power Bus
Authors: Xu Chong Xia , Han Jiong Gang , Feng De Jun , Shen Rong Wei
Published: February 2014

A kind of recirculating ball-type power steering system for electric power bus was designed. The control strategy of EPS is divided into two layers that are top layer strategy and bottom layer strategy. The assist mode of top layer strategy is researched. The simulation model based MATLAB/Simulation was build and verified by the simulation experiments. The results validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, which creates the research basis for further research and development of EPS.
Study on Electronic Differential Control for a Mini Electric Vehicle with Dual In-Wheel-Motor Rear Drive
Authors: Hou Shun Yan , Li Zhi Yuan , Wang Tao , Pang Lian Lu , Feng Zhi Yuan
Published: February 2014

An electronic differential control system (EDS) has been designed based on a mini electric vehicle (EV) with dual in-wheel-motor rear drive. In view of imperfection of current strategy with speed and moment as control variables, a new control strategy for EDS in a two in-wheel-motor drive EV is proposed with the moment of driving wheel torque as control variable and the slip rate equilibrium of two driving wheels as control objective, considering the effects of axle load transfer. The differential control experiments are conducted with steering mode and straight acceleration mode based on the vehicle prototype. The results show that the control strategy is reasonable, and the controller can effectively realize EV electronic differential by coordinating the moment of two driving wheels.
Research on Controllable Synthesis of Magnesium Carbonate Tri-Hydrate
Authors: Wu Dan , Luo Bi Jun , Wang Yu Qi , Lu Shao Yan , Zhang Qi , Huang Xi Ping
Published: February 2014

In order to promote the comprehensive utilization of salt lake brine resources, magnesium carbonate tri-hydrate (MgCO3·3H2O) was synthetized by low-temperature hydrothermal technique using purified MgCl2-rich brine and ammonium hydrogen carbonate solution as raw materials, the orthogonal experimental as method. The morphology could be tuned by changing the operating parameters. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the structures and morphologies of the products. The results show that the optimum conditions are as follows : reaction temperature is 40-50°C, n (Mg2+):n (HCO3-)=1:2.2, pH value is 8.8-9.0, stirring speed is 130 r/min, aging time is 3h, reaction time is 70 min. Magnesium carbonate tri-hydrate synthetized is one-dimensional acicular with good settling performance. Average aspect ratio could up to 29.60.
HIL Simulation of 7 Tons Pure Electric Midibus ESP Based on Dspace
Authors: Jin Li Qiang , He Gang , Deng Fei
Published: February 2014

In view of the 7 tons of small pure electric bus the ESP control program design, the rear wheel hub motor drive bus in-depth research, the dynamic stability of structures. The ESP control model and vehicle model, and on the basis of the hardware in the loop simulation experiment was carried out .Simulation working condition of selecting the step steering input and sine steering input two kinds. The results show that this article builds the ESP control model for the lateral stability of the electric bus was improved obviously.
Influence Study of Energy Consumption in Different Flats of a High Residential Building in North Part of China
Authors: Qu Hua Ming , Wang Hao , Zhang Le Jin
Published: February 2014

In this study, a high level residential building, Building 1 (Block 1) of Qingheju low-rent community in Jinan, China is used as case for studying energy performance in its different flats under different conditions (levels, positions, opening directions, etc.). IES Virtual Environment (IES VE) is applied as main tool of simulating the building energy performance. The result reveals that flats at lower level, flats on the east side, flats with less area of external walls and openings can save more energy in both cooling and heating in this area.