bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extracellular glutamate is not modulated by cannabinoid receptor activity
Authors: Chiu Delia N. , Carter Brett C.
Published: November 2024

Cannabinoid receptor activation has been proposed to trigger glutamate release from astrocytes located in cortical layer 2/3. Here, we measure the basal concentration of extracellular glutamate in layer 2/3 of mouse somatosensory cortex and find it to be 20–30 nM. We further examine the effect of cannabinoid receptor signaling on extracellular glutamate, and find no evidence for increased extracellular glutamate upon cannabinoid receptor agonist application.
Evaluation of polyester high-tenacity fabric and carbon nanotube reinforcements for improving flexural response in concrete beams
Authors: El-Feky M. S. , Badawy Amr H. , Seddik Khaled Mohamed , Yahia Sarah
Published: November 2024

This research scrutinized the effectiveness of utilizing polyester high tenacity fabrics to enhance the functionality of concrete panels. Two distinct woven fabrics with comparable strength resistance were fabricated and assessed. Concrete beams were compared in their original form and those reinforced with woven fabrics, along with beams reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (B, BC2, BC4, BS1, and BS2). Results indicated that the textile-reinforced concrete panels displayed notably greater energy absorption capabilities post-failure under flexural loads in comparison to the control and CNT-reinforced panels. This enhanced performance was credited to the development of multiple cracking patterns in the textile-reinforced panels. The flexural behavior of the textile-reinforced panels was characterized by four discernible phases: a linearly increasing segment, a crack propagation phase featuring multiple cracking, a post-cracking phase with reduced stiffness, and ultimately, failure due to fabric rupture or debonding. Conversely, the control and CNT-reinforced panels exhibited a more brittle response post-initial cracking, with a limited number of cracks and reduced deformation capacity. The performance of the textile samples was largely unaffected by their specific characteristics, except for the fabric wrapping angle. The introduction of 0.04% CNTs marginally enhanced crack flexural resistance compared to the control and 0.02% CNT panels, owing to the varied distribution of CNTs within the matrix. Overall, the textile-reinforced concrete panels demonstrated superior load-bearing capacity, ductility, and energy absorption when compared to the other reinforcement techniques examined.
The ameliorative potential of platelet-rich plasma and exosome on renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced uremic encephalopathy in rats
Authors: Abdelsalam Hani M. , Samy Alaa , Mosaleem Engy E. A. , Abdelhamid Moustafa Salaheldin
Published: November 2024

Uremic Encephalopathy results from the elevation of toxins and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) injury is the principal cause of acute kidney injury and brain tissue injury. The present study was crafted to estimate the restorative impact of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and exosome injection before the reperfusion phase on the kidney following renal I/R injury and its influence on brain tissue by tracking the histopathological, biochemical, and Doppler ultrasonography alternations in both kidney and brain tissue. Forty mature male rats were divided into five groups as follows: control, I/R, PRP, exosome, and Exosome + PRP. Renal Doppler ultrasonography was traced for all rats. Serum kidney functions and acetylcholine esterase enzyme (AchE) were evaluated. Both Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate were assessed in brain tissues. The oxidative stress (malondialdehyde), anti-oxidative (glutathione and catalase), and pro-inflammatory (Tumor necrosis factor- α and interleukin-6) markers were estimated in renal tissues. Additionally, morphometric histological examination was performed in both renal and brain tissues. Both PRP and exosome-received rats exhibited a significant improvement in both serum kidney functions and AchE compared to I/R rats. There was a 3.39-fold increase in GABA and a 2.27-fold decrease in glutamate levels in the brain tissue of PRP rats compared to the I/R rats. A significant elevation (P ≤ 0.0001) of glutathione and catalase besides a significant reduction in the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 was observed in renal tissue compared to I/R rats. A significant severe reduction (P < 0.0001) in the number of Purkinje cells, pyramidal cells in the cerebellar cortex, and the CA1 region in the hippocampus was observed in I/R rats which was significantly alleviated by both PRP and exosome. Furthermore, there was a significant improvement in Doppler parameters. PRP exerted a significant superior impact on the restoration of kidney functions and repairing uremic-induced damage in brain tissue.
Description of the mitochondrial genomes of Sichuan Tetrastes sewerzowi (Galliformes: Tetraonidae) and phylogenetic relationship
Authors: Luo Xuequn , Zhou Hang , Li Ao , Huang Zhaoxia , Zhang Wenping , Du Shizhang , Hua Donglai
Published: November 2024

The Chinese Grouse (Tetrastes sewerzowi), a rare endemic bird in China, belongs to the Galliformes order and Tetraonidae family. Despite extensive research, subspecies classification remains inadequate, especially in Pingwu, Sichuan. This study sequenced the mitochondrial genome of T. sewerzowi in Wanglang Nature Reserve, Sichuan, analyzed its structural features, and reconstructed phylogenetic relationships within Tetraonidae. The results indicate that the high conservation in mitochondrial genome structure and sequence between the T. sewerzowi from Wanglang, Sichuan and Lianhuashan, Gansu indicates that they may belong to the same subspecies. Furthermore, we observed significant differences in the length of the mitochondrial control region between T. sewerzowi and Tetrastes bonasia. Based on the phylogenetic tree constructed using a comprehensive mitochondrial dataset, we propose the reclassification of the Hazel Grouse genus into two independent genera: Tetrastes and Bonasa. This study is the first to sequence the mitochondrial genome of T. sewerzowi from Sichuan and compare it with populations from Gansu, providing important insights into the distribution pattern of T. sewerzowi subspecies and facilitating the formulation of effective conservation strategies.
Automated image acquisition and analysis of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride from pristine to highly defective and amorphous structures
Authors: Propst Diana , Joudi Wael , Längle Manuel , Madsen Jacob , Kofler Clara , Mayer Barbara M. , Lamprecht David , Mangler Clemens , Filipovic Lado , Susi Toma , Kotakoski Jani
Published: November 2024

Defect-engineered and even amorphous two-dimensional (2D) materials have recently gained interest due to properties that differ from their pristine counterparts. Since these properties are highly sensitive to the exact atomic structure, it is crucial to be able to characterize them at atomic resolution over large areas. This is only possible when the imaging process is automated to reduce the time spent on manual imaging, which at the same time reduces the observer bias in selecting the imaged areas. Since the necessary datasets include at least hundreds if not thousands of images, the analysis process similarly needs to be automated. Here, we introduce disorder into graphene and monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) using low-energy argon ion irradiation, and characterize the resulting disordered structures using automated scanning transmission electron microscopy annular dark field imaging combined with convolutional neural network-based analysis techniques. We show that disorder manifests in these materials in a markedly different way, where graphene accommodates vacancy-type defects by transforming hexagonal carbon rings into other polygonal shapes, whereas in hBN the disorder is observed simply as vacant lattice sites with very little rearrangement of the remaining atoms. Correspondingly, in the case of graphene, the highest introduced disorder leads to an amorphous membrane, whereas in hBN, the highly defective lattice contains a large number of vacancies and small pores with no indication of amorphisation. Overall, our study demonstrates that combining automated imaging and image analysis is a powerful way to characterize the structure of disordered and amorphous 2D materials, while also illustrating some of the remaining shortcomings with this methodology.
Identification of sentinel lymph node macrometastasis in breast cancer by deep learning based on clinicopathological characteristics
Authors: Zhang Daqu , Svensson Miriam , Edén Patrik , Dihge Looket
Published: November 2024

The axillary lymph node status remains an important prognostic factor in breast cancer, and nodal staging using sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is routine. Randomized clinical trials provide evidence supporting de-escalation of axillary surgery and omission of SLNB in patients at low risk. However, identifying sentinel lymph node macrometastases (macro-SLNMs) is crucial for planning treatment tailored to the individual patient. This study is the first to explore the capacity of deep learning (DL) models to identify macro-SLNMs based on preoperative clinicopathological characteristics. We trained and validated five multivariable models using a population-based cohort of 18,185 patients. DL models outperform logistic regression, with Transformer showing the strongest results, under the constraint that the sensitivity is no less than 90%, reflecting the sensitivity of SLNB. This highlights the feasibility of noninvasive macro-SLNM prediction using DL. Feature importance analysis revealed that patients with similar characteristics exhibited different nodal status predictions, indicating the need for additional predictors for further improvement.
Event-based high-resolution neutron image formation analysis using intensified CMOS cameras
Authors: Gustschin Alex , Han Yiyong , Losko Adrian , Wolfertz Alexander , Hussey Daniel S. , Szentmiklósi László , Kis Zoltán , Trtik Pavel , Boillat Pierre , Kaestner Anders , Strobl Markus , Tengattini Alessandro , Helfen Lukas , Schulz Michael
Published: November 2024

We present a versatile optical setup for high-resolution neutron imaging with an adaptable field of view and magnification that can resolve individual neutron absorption events with an image intensifier and a CMOS camera. Its imaging performance is characterized by evaluating the resolution limits of the individual optical components and resulting design aspects are discussed. Neutron radiography measurements of a Siemens star pattern were performed in event mode acquisition comparing two common high-resolution neutron scintillators, crystalline Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG) and powdered Gadolinium Oxysulfide (GOS). An analysis of the light signature caused by neutron absorption events is performed and some resulting issues for both GGG and GOS regarding optical system design are addressed. Both scintillators reach similar resolution (4–5 $${\upmu }$$
μ
m) in event mode acquisition despite different light emission characteristics. The findings suggest that, in the case of GOS, the resolution is limited by the size of the light clusters which in turn originate from the photon scattering at the boundaries of the powder particles comprising it, while with GGG the lower light conversion efficiency makes it challenging to collect enough photons to trigger sufficient signal amplification in the image intensifier. Overall, the proposed event-based evaluation of scintillators allows for quantifying and optimizing various design parameters, which is much more complex than adopting conventional methods based on integrated images.
Synchronization-based fusion of EEG and eye blink signals for enhanced decoding accuracy
Authors: Alyan Emad , Arnau Stefan , Reiser Julian Elias , Wascher Edmund
Published: November 2024

Decoding locomotor tasks is crucial in cognitive neuroscience for understanding brain responses to physical tasks. Traditional methods like EEG offer brain activity insights but may require additional modalities for enhanced interpretative precision and depth. The integration of EEG with ocular metrics, particularly eye blinks, presents a promising avenue for understanding cognitive processes by combining neural and ocular behaviors. However, synchronizing EEG and eye blink activities poses a significant challenge due to their frequently inconsistent alignment. Our study with 35 participants performing various locomotor tasks such as standing, walking, and transversing obstacles introduced a novel methodology, pcEEG+, which fuses EEG principal components (pcEEG) with aligned eye blink data (syncBlink). The results demonstrated that pcEEG+ significantly improved decoding accuracy in locomotor tasks, reaching 78% in some conditions, and surpassed standalone pcEEG and syncBlink methods by 7.6% and 22.7%, respectively. The temporal generalization matrix confirmed the consistency of pcEEG+ across tasks and times. The results were replicated using two driving simulator datasets, thereby confirming the validity of our method. This study demonstrates the efficacy of the pcEEG+ method in decoding locomotor tasks, underscoring the importance of temporal synchronization for accuracy and offering a deeper insight into brain activity during complex movements.
Habitat selection and influence on hunting success in female Australian fur seals
Authors: Bartes Saia Nahir , Monk Jacquomo , Jenkins Chris , Hindell Mark A. , Costa Daniel P. , Arnould John P. Y.
Published: November 2024

Determining the factors influencing habitat selection and hunting success in top predators is crucial for understanding how these species may respond to environmental changes. For marine top predators, such factors have been documented in pelagic foragers, with habitat use and hunting success being linked to chlorophyll-a concentrations, sea surface temperature and light conditions. In contrast, little is known about the determinants of benthic marine predators. The Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) is a benthic-diving forager that has a breeding and foraging distribution largely restricted to Bass Strait, the shallow (max. depth 80 m) continental shelf region between the Australian mainland and Tasmania. The species forages mostly on benthic prey and represents the greatest resident marine predator biomass in south-eastern Australia. The region is also one of the world’s fastest-warming marine areas and oceanographic changes are influencing shifts in prey distribution and abundance. In the present study, GPS-derived locations of benthic dives (n = 288,449) and dive behaviour metrics were used to determine seafloor habitat selection and factors influencing hunting success in 113 lactating adult females from Kanowna Island during the winters of 2006–2021. Individuals non-randomly selected foraging habitats comprised of deeper, steeper sloped, muddy-sandy areas with less gravel and highly disturbed regions (P < 0.01). Hunting success was greatest in shallower rocky reefs (< 30 m) and deep areas (> 40 m) characterised by moderate presence of gravel (25–50%) and substantial rock composition (50–75%) on the seabed. These findings suggest that habitat use and hunting success in adult female Australian fur seals could be impacted by predicted oceanographic changes, such as rising temperature, altered currents and waves which may modify seafloor characteristics and benthic communities.
Measuring the radiation hardness of terahertz devices for space applications
Authors: He Yuan-Zhi , Ma Chen-Sheng , Yin Hao
Published: November 2024

The application of terahertz technology in space is frontier for the development of 6G technologies. Terahertz transceiver devices based on gallium arsenide Schottky barrier diodes (GaAs SBDs) have the characteristics of small size, light weight and low power consumption, making them suitable for application on spacecraft. However, there is currently a lack of experimental assessments on their space adaptability. Here, we study the radiation hardness of terahertz devices to determine their adaptability in complex space environments. We exposed GaAs SBDs and terahertz multipliers as typical terahertz devices to gamma rays and protons. The experimental results showed that the terahertz devices exhibited good tolerance to protons, but prolonged exposure to gamma rays could significantly increase the leakage current of the GaAs SBDs and alter its C-V characteristics, leading to the failure of the terahertz multiplier. Nevertheless, the terahertz devices maintained a good level of radiation hardness, making them highly suitable for use in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. The comparison between the results of proton and gamma ray tests indicated that the terahertz devices exhibited high inherent radiation hardness against displacement damage but were more sensitive to ionization damage, requiring higher shielding requirements.
Deep learning to predict cardiovascular mortality from aortic disease in heavy smokers
Authors: Rau Alexander , Michel Lea , Wilhelm Ben , Raghu Vineet K. , Reisert Marco , Jung Matthias , Kellner Elias , Schlett Christopher L. , Aerts Hugo J. W. L. , Lu Michael T. , Bamberg Fabian , Weiss Jakob
Published: November 2024

Aortic angiopathy is a common manifestation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and may serve as a surrogate marker of CVD burden. While the maximum aortic diameter is the primary prognostic measure, the potential of other features to improve risk prediction remains uncertain. This study developed a deep learning framework to automatically quantify thoracic aortic disease features and assessed their prognostic value in predicting CVD mortality among heavy smokers. Using non-contrast chest CTs from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), aortic features quantified included maximum diameter, volume, and calcification burden. Among 24,770 participants, 440 CVD deaths occurred over a mean 6.3-year follow-up. Aortic calcifications and volume were independently associated with CVD mortality, even after adjusting for traditional risk factors and coronary artery calcifications. These findings suggest that deep learning-derived aortic features could improve CVD risk prediction in high-risk populations, enabling more personalized prevention strategies.
One-dimensional π-Conjugated Polymer Complexes
Authors: Nishihara H.
Published: November 2024

π-Conjugated polymer complexes, in which a metal complexes with chemical structures related to π-conjugated organic polymers, are reviewed, along with their structures, properties, and functions. Specifically, the chemical structures of these polymers can be broadly divided into two types. Type I is a π-conjugated organic polymer with a main chain to which a metal atom is bonded in a pendant form. Type II, on the other hand, contains metal atoms in the main chain, and the π-conjugated chains are linked via metals. The electronic structures of these two types are very different. The properties of Type I are based on the band structure of “conducting polymers”, which is associated with metal d-orbitals. Meanwhile, in Type II, which has metal sites linked by π-conjugated linkers, the electron and energy transfer between the metal sites and the magnetic interactions between the metal sites vary with the degree of conjugation. The structure, synthesis, physical properties, and functions of representative examples of the two types of polymers are described.
Refined design of a DNA logic gate for implementing a DNA-based three-level circuit
Authors: Zhang Yuanpeng , Yan Bei , Li Xingge , Liu Huan , Liu Xiao , Xiao Xianjin , Mao Zenghui , Ming Zhihao
Published: November 2024

We introduce a three-level circuit concept, which clarifies the distinction between the OFF state and logic 0 in prior DNA circuits. This design allows a DNA circuit to attain a true closed state instead of a misleading closed state of logic 0.
Construction of a zero-dimensional halide perovskite in micron scale towards a deeper understanding of phase transformation mechanism and fluorescence applications
Authors: Xie Lili , Qiu Haiyan , Chen Yuxin , Lu Yingxue , Chen Yanyan , Chen Lanlan , Hu Shanwen
Published: November 2024

A zero-dimensional halide perovskite in micron scale is constructed to gain a deeper understanding of phase transformation mechanism and better fluorescence applications.
Ag@Mg12@Ag20: a three-layer matryoshka structure with S6 symmetry
Authors: Liu Peng-Bo , Guo Jing-Jing , Chen Yi-Sha , Zhao Hui-Yan , Wang Jing , Liu Ying
Published: November 2024

A novel three-layer matryoshka structure with S6 symmetry is proposed, amid the evolving landscape of carbon-based derivatives and high-symmetry architectures.
H2O assisted in improving the electrochemical performance of a deep eutectic electrolyte formed by choline chloride and magnesium chloride hexahydrate
Authors: Zou Kaixiang , Wang Xiao , Deng Yuanfu
Published: November 2024

H2O introduction reduced the interaction between ions and hydrogen bonds, enhancing the ion transport and diffusion in the electrolyte.
In situ analysis of a boron-based catalytic electrode with trace platinum for efficient hydrogen evolution in a wide pH range
Authors: Ma Xunwei , Zhang Yifan , Wu Liugang , Huang Zijun , Yang Jiyuan , Chen Chunguang , Deng Shengwei , Wang Lincai , Chen Jian , Hao Weiju
Published: November 2024

An efficient Pt-NiB@NF catalytic electrode is rapidly constructed by mild electroless plating and electroplating. It demonstrates long-term stability at industrial-scale current densities in neutral high-salt media and alkaline systems.
Biomaterials enhancing localized cancer therapy activated anti-tumor immunity: a review
Authors: Yao Jipeng , Cui Zhencun , Zhang Feifei , Li Haidong , Tian Longlong
Published: November 2024

This article reviews the application of biomaterials in combination with immunotherapy to enhance the localized treatment of tumors, along with the current challenges and future development directions in this field.
Boosting the light-driven pyroelectric response of poly(vinylidene difluoride) by constructing Mn-doped BZT-BCT/PVDF composites
Authors: Wang Lu , Yan Feilong , Pan Jifeng , He Xiang , Chen Chen , Boda Muzaffar Ahmad , Yi Zhiguo
Published: November 2024

PVDF films exhibit excellent photo-pyroelectric response under visible light upon adding light-active ferroelectric BZTM-BCT particles, caused by simultaneously improved photothermal conversion and pyroelectric coefficient.
A high-performance photodetector based on a ZnO/CsPbBr3 quantum-dot-level-contact hybrid sandwich structure
Authors: Wang Song , Yang Shuhua , Xu Zenglong , Xu Huiyan , Duan Guangbin , Zhao Degang , Wang Xiutong , Cao Bingqiang
Published: November 2024

A ZnO/CsPbBr3 quantum-dot-level-contact hybrid sandwich structure is designed, which enlarges the contact area between the ZnO QDs electron transport layer and CsPbBr3 QDs absorption layer, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Gate controllable fully spin-polarized and pure spin current in γ-graphyne nanoribbons
Authors: Zhang Liwen , Hao Yanjing , Yang Yaqing , Chen Jun , Zhang Lei
Published: November 2024

Pure spin current and fully spin-polarized current can be achieved and manipulated in a zigzag γ-GYNR-based device.
Enhanced performance of perovskite solar cells via construction of benzothiadiazole-based hole transport materials utilizing an asymmetric strategy
Authors: Miao Yawei , Xue Tingting , Zhou Xue , Jia Shaoyun , Gu Chuantao
Published: November 2024

Benefiting from optimized molecular co-facial conformation and π–π stacking by using an asymmetric strategy, the B-TPA based PSCs yielded a PCE of 23.2%.
Study on two‐stage optimal scheduling of DC distribution networks considering flexible load response
Authors: Chen Lei , Yang Man , Jiang Yuqi , Zheng Shencong , Li Yifei , You Xiaoyan , Chen Hongkun
Published: November 2024

Due to the aim of developing sustainable energy systems, promoting the large‐scale accommodation of distributed renewable energy sources (DRESs) and flexible loads in DC distribution networks (DCDNs) is significant. The uncertainty of DRESs and the insufficient use of flexible loads pose a considerable challenge to the economical and safe operation of DCDNs. To address the challenge, this paper puts forward a two‐stage optimal scheduling model for the DCDNs considering flexible load response. The proposed model realises joint economic optimisation and reactive power optimisation, which is solved by the hybrid NSGAII‐MOPSO algorithm and the CPLEX. The performance of the proposed model in the modified Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 33‐node system with the DCDNs is validated under different scenarios. The hybrid NSGAII‐MOPSO performs better in obtaining the Pareto front than the NSGA‐II and MOPSO individually. Compared to the traditional scheduling model, the proposed model can realise the power coordination of the flexible loads and energy storage systems to reduce the negative impact of uncertainty of DRESs while decreasing operating costs and carbon emissions by 3.94% and 36.4%. In addition, the proposed model can alleviate the network losses and ensure the node voltage for the DCDNs. Hence, the efficiency of the proposed model has been confirmed.
Investigating the effects of destructive factors on pulse repetition interval modulation type recognition using deep convolutional neural networks based on transfer learning
Authors: Khodabandeh Mahshid , Mahmoodzadeh Azar , Agahi Hamed
Published: November 2024

Automation and self‐sufficiency in the complex environment of modern electronic warfare (EW) are critical and necessary issues in electronic intelligence and support systems to detect real‐time and accurate threat radars. The task of these systems is to search, discover, analyse, and identify the parameters of radar signals. However, recognition pulse repetition interval (PRI) modulation is challenging in natural environments due to destructive factors, including missing pulses (MP), spurious pulses (SP), and large outliers (LO) (caused by antenna scanning), which lead to noisy sequences of PRI variation patterns. The current article examines the effects of destructive factors on recognising PRI modulation in radar signals using deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs). The article uses simulations based on the actual environment to generate data and consider destructive factors with different percentages. The number of images obtained by applying the sum of destructive factors for each range of destructive factors (with different percentages) considered is 30,000. It is common for six types of modulation. Then, the DCNN models, including VGG16, ResNet50V2, InceptionV3, Xception, and MobileNetV2, are trained using the transfer learning method. The simulation results show that the accuracy of training and testing the models decreases significantly with the increase in the percentage of destructive factors. Also, the effects of the model type on the performance of the models have been investigated, and the results have shown that some models are more resistant to destruction and retain more accuracy. Finally, this analysis shows that to improve the performance of deep neural network (DNN) techniques in the face of changes caused by destructive factors, it is necessary to pay attention to these factors and apply appropriate strategies.
Evaluating the role of prosumers in providing energy systems with flexibility products
Authors: Esmaeili‐Nezhad Amir , Ostovar Sara , Moeini‐Aghtaie Moein
Published: November 2024

Increasing the penetration of renewables on the demand side causes operational challenges in distribution grids due to their variable and uncertain behaviour. These resources have increased distribution grid net load fluctuation during recent years, which needs to be covered by demand side flexibility (DSF). DSF should be quantified and measured by a suitable index to show the level of a system DSF in different situations. In this paper, the flexibility area index of distribution systems as a suitable metric for prosumers’ DSF evaluation, especially in the presence of renewable sources, is calculated. This index is defined first for one prosumer and then extended to a distribution system by a combination of prosumer indices. The mentioned index is decomposed into two components, one for ramp‐up (negative flexibility) and another for ramp‐down (positive flexibility). To calculate and manage prosumers’ flexibility, a novel flexibility‐oriented stochastic framework for prosumers is suggested. The amount of load shedding is under control by the risk‐management strategy in the proposed framework, which can facilitate distribution system operator operation. The results obtained from the implementation of the case study validate the major features of the proposed framework more efficiently.
Improved indoor localization using k‐medoids and k‐nearest neighbour algorithms with context similarity coefficient‐based fingerprint similarity metric
Authors: Yaro Abdulmalik Shehu , Maly Filip , Maly Karel , Prazak Pavel
Published: November 2024

Fingerprint database clustering and localization using k‐medoids and k‐nearest neighbour (k‐NN) algorithms respectively typically use distance‐based fingerprint similarity metrics, with their performances dependent on the type of distance metric used. This paper proposes employing a pattern‐based metric, the context similarity coefficient (CSC), for both algorithms instead of traditional distance‐based metrics. The CSC accounts for fingerprint behaviour and the non‐linear relationships among fingerprints during the similarity measurement. The performance of both algorithms with the CSC as the similarity metric is evaluated on four publicly available fingerprint databases, using position root mean square error (RMSE) and silhouette score as performance metrics. These results are compared to those of the same algorithms using five distance‐based metrics: Euclidean, square Euclidean, Manhattan, cosine, and Chebyshev distances. The k‐medoids algorithm with CSC shows moderate clustering performance compared to the five distance‐based metrics considered. However, when combined with the k‐NN algorithm also using CSC, it achieves the highest localization accuracy, with at least a 29% improvement in position RMSE across all four databases. The results indicate that while k‐medoids with CSC may not create well‐separated clusters, combining it with the k‐NN algorithm with CSC as its similarity metric significantly enhances localization accuracy compared to distance‐based metrics.
Factors Associated with Stunting Incidence in Gemawang Sub-district, Temanggung Regency
Authors: Kusariana Nissa , Nandini Nurhasmadiar , Dewanti Nikie Astorina Yunita , Ma’rifati Lu’luil
Published: November 2024

Despite various stunting prevention efforts implemented through policies and programs of the Regional Government and the Health Office of Temanggung Regency stunting cases in Temanggung Regency. This study aims to identify the factors associated with stunting in Gemawang Subdistrict, Temanggung Regency. This study used quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 222 respondents who were mothers of toddlers participated in this study. The study found a significant relationship between low-birth weight (LBW) and stunting incidence in toddlers (p = 0.001). Other factors such as immunization status (p = 0.859), exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.460), early initiation of breastfeeding (p = 0.509), formula feeding (p = 0.884), the presence of smokers at home (p = 0.231), history of infectious diseases (p = 0.559) and history of diarrheal (p = 0.180). showed no significant relationship with stunting incidence. Based on these findings stunting in Gemawang Subdistrict, Temanggung Regency, focus on monitoring and evaluating the nutritional status of pregnant women, as well as providing education on adolescent nutrition to prepare for pregnancy to prevent LBW, which is a key factor associated with stunting in toddlers.
Effect of Food Sources on Body Fat Percentage of Students at Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Authors: Lorenza Shinta Stevany , Suyatno  , Asna Alfi Fairuz
Published: November 2024

The prevalence of overweight individuals in Indonesia increased among adults over the age of 18, from 15.4% in 2014 to 21.8% in 2018. A study conducted by the Faculty of Public Health at Diponegoro University in 2023 found that 22% of college students had excessive body fat, and 70% primarily sourced their food through purchases. This study analyzed the impact of food sources on body fat in college students. It employed a crosssectional design involving 140 students from the Faculty of Public Health at Diponegoro University, selected through proportional random sampling. The independent variable was the food sources, and the dependent variable was body fat percentage. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and Multiple Logistic Regression. It was found that 49.3% of college students had excess body fat. The body fat percentage was higher among students who relied on purchasing food compared to those who cooked (OR=4.6; CI: 1.804-11.572; p=0.001).Other factors influencing excess body fat included high carbohydrate adequacy (OR=7.8; CI: 1.977-30.469; p=0.003), low nutritional knowledge (OR=3.0; CI: 1.280-6.949; p=0.011), and female gender (OR=5.2; CI: 1.675-16.088; p=0.004). In conclusion, body fat percentage among college students was influenced by food sources, carbohydrate adequacy, gender, and nutritional knowledge.
Spatial Analysis of Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) with Midwife Ratio, K1, and K4 Coverage in Bogor Regency, Tangerang City, and South Tangerang City in 2020
Authors: Maritza Putri Rizky , Farid Agushybana
Published: November 2024

Maternal mortality is impacted by several factors, including how women manage their health, especially regarding healthcare provi ders nearby, such as midwives, and prenatal care visits to medical instit utions. This study analyzed the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR), midwives ratio, and K1 and K4 coverage in Bogor Regency, Tangerang City, and South Tangerang City in 2020. This research employed a descriptive quantitative study method using secondary data from the Health Profiles of Bogor Regency, Tangerang City, and South Tangerang City in 2020, as well as the Central Bureau of Statistics. The findings revealed areas with a high midwife ratio but still high MMR, as well as areas with a low midwife ratio and low MMR. Additionally, the study found that higher K4 coverage is associated with lowerMMR incidence. It can be concluded that midwife competence plays a crucial role in reducing MMR; the higher the competence, the greater the reduction in MMR. Furthermore, antenatal services contribute to reducing maternal mortality through early detection. The government is encouragedto increase the number of midwives in each region and ensure equitable distribution. Educating pregnant women about the importance of K1 and K4 visits, as well as active participation from various stakeholders, is also essential.
Factors Supporting Breastfeeding among Working Women in the Workplace: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies
Authors: Azizah Noor , Denny Hanifa Maher , Adi Mateus Sakundarno , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani
Published: November 2024

Breast milk is the best food for babies, containing all the energy, nutrients, and antibodies needed to protect the body from disease. Although the WHO recommends breastfeeding for only 6 months, working women have less potential to breastfeed exclusively than non-working. This is because most working women stop breastfeeding when returning to work after maternity leave. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors that support breastfeeding in the workplace. This study applied systematic review using the PRISMA method and the data were obtained from PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus searches. The literature review used full-text published from 2014 to 2024 and qualitative original articles that were not from review. A qualitative study checklist was carried out using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool obtained 14 articles. The results showed that both internal and external factors played a significant role in exclusive breastfeeding. These included maternal determination, previous breastfeeding experience, proper knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding, as well as family, and partner support. External factors included workplace policies, such as maternity leave, availability, accessibility of safe, comfortable lactation facilities, on-site daycare, breastfeeding education, and lactation counseling. Additional external support from colleagues, employers, healthcare staff, and caregivers also played a significant role in exclusive breastfeeding. The success of breastfeeding among working women was significantly influenced by internal factors and immediate support system, as well as external workplace factors, policies, and support from colleagues and superior.
Model of COD and PO4 Reduction in Bima Bay Wastewater Using Innovations of Ipomoea aquatica, Pistia stratiotes, Eichhornia crassipes with EM4 as a Bioremediator
Authors: Al-Irsyad Muhammad , Kustono Djoko , Humairo Mika Vernicia , Sulistyorini Anita , Afni Laura Fadillah , Adji Lanang Laksita , Qodriyah Desbiul , Dini Puspasari Meisya , Aisah Binti Mokhtar Siti , Aqwam Adhi , Asryadin  , Khairunnisa Rizka , Sidik Muhammad , Rahmadana Weva
Published: November 2024

Water pollution remains a critical environmental issue in Indonesia, particularly exemplified by the algae bloom phenomenon in Bima Bay. As a potential solution, it is necessary to treat the water with phytoremediation, which involves the use of a combination of various aquatic plants. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Ipomoea aquatica, Pistia stratiotes, and Eichhornia crassipes, along with Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) as a bioremediator, in reducing pollutants in Bima Bay. This study adopts a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test control group design. Results show that the initial Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in the river water was 539.7 milligrams per liter (mg/L), while the phosphate (PO4) concentration was 0.16 mg/L. Phytoremediation using the Ipomoea aquatica (water spinach), Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce), and Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) plants has demonstrated the effective reduction of river water COD level by 5.3 mg/L to 95.5 mg/L. However, the method proved ineffective in reducing river water PO4 level, with an increase of 0.03 mg/L to 0.32 mg/L. The Kruskal-Wallis test yielded statistically significant results, indicating notable differences in COD and PO4 levels in river water across various measurement periods within each treatment group. The findings indicate that phytoremediation using Ipomoea aquatica, Pistia stratiotes, and Eichhornia crassipes with EM4 as a bioremediator is an effective approach for reducing COD levels in river water. However, this method proved less effective in reducing PO4 levels, which may continue to pose challenges in addressing water pollution in Bima Bay.
TBL-20Q-IDN: Validation of Tuberculosis Literacy Instrument in Urban Settings
Authors: Mubarokah Kismi , Nurjanah Nurjanah , Yuantari M.G. Catur , Asfawi Supriyono , Pramitasari Ratih , Setyawati Vilda AnaVeria , Rachmani Enny , Isworo Slamet , Savićević Anamarija Jurćev , Geets-Kesić Marijana
Published: November 2024

Tuberculosis is a global concern, mainly in Indonesia, which is still one of the top five contributors to the illness. The disease can be avoided by increasing Tuberculosis Literacy among persons living with Tuberculosis (PLWTB) and those around them. However, measures to assess TB literacy are inaccessible and must be created. This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of a tuberculosis literacy test in urban settings. The TB literacy instrument was developed using the MEASURE Approach, a practical guide to instrument development and score validation in the social sciences. Ten young people evaluated the instrument for face validity and expert judgment. The validity analysis included 1411 participants from urban communities. The twenty questions about tuberculosis literacy were created by combining a matrix of four dimensions applied to three health areas. The validity study revealed that all questions are valid and reliable (LF>0.3, CR>0.7, RMSEA≤0.08). Except for the applied domain (L14-L20), all domains have an AVE greater than 0.5. It may be concluded that the instrument is reliable and valid for measuring tuberculosis literacy in urban areas.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Paramesthi Prasasya , Jati Sutopo Patria , Surjoputro Antono
Published: November 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia put pressure on assisted reproductive technology (ART) practices. Travel restrictions and hospital closures reduced access to ART which are located mostly in capital cities. Thus, investigating how the pandemic affected Indonesian ART services is crucial. This study reviewed literature using PRISMA method. PICO Model criteria were used to search articles. During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Papers were obtained from Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and Cerdika databases. Researchers searched journals spanned between 2022 – 2024 for “COVID-19” and limited the publication year to 2020 – 2021, the year of pandemic. The results of the study show that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on Indonesia’s use of ART. It was more challenging to reach and use ART therapies with travel restrictions and health facility closures. Nonetheless, most fertility clinics had changed their health standards in response to the circumstances. The recommendations point to more investigation to better understand how the pandemic had affected ART services and to create fresh approaches to deal with the evolving pandemic scenario. We suggest that more hospitals and primary health care institutions have a better standard for ART in a significant force situation. Also, multiply the services in more locations; thus, if travel restrictions happen in some circumstances, the patient still gets to the services closest to their house.
The Implementation of Learning Organization in the Integrated Planning for Healthcare Programs: A Narrative Review
Authors: Jati Sutopo Patria , Budiyanti Rani Tiyas , Handayani Novia , Dewanti Nikie Astornia Yunita , Nandini Nurhasmadiar , Budiyono and Budiyono
Published: November 2024

Integrated planning is a critical step in the successful implementation of healthcare programs. However, this process often encounters obstacles such as hero cultures and silo mentalities. Effective integrated planning requires systems thinking, a shared vision, sound mental models, and cohesive teamwork in a learning organization framework. This study aims to explore the implementation of learning organizations in the integrated planning for healthcare programs. This study employed a literature review method with a narrative review approach, with data collected from scholarly articles accessed via Google Scholar, ProQuest, and Scopus using keywords and search strategies such as “health program AND learning organization,” “health program AND mental model,” “health program AND personal mastery,” “health program AND team building,” “health program AND systems thinking,” and “health program AND shared vision.” The findings indicated that an adaptable mental model is essential for addressing evolving recent health problems. Strong personal mastery is also crucial for adapting to new regulations and technologies, as well as enhancing resilience in problem-solve. A shared vision is fundamental for fostering collaboration and discussion among program planners across departments. Systems thinking enables a comprehensive approach to problem-solving, moving beyond a fragmented view. Finally, a learning-oriented team is vital for ensuring effective planning, built on trust and a shared vision. Learning organizations should be cultivated in healthcare institutions to improve the effectiveness of integrated planning for health programs.
Stakeholder Collaboration to Accelerate Stunting Prevention in the Village
Authors: Nandini Nurhasmadiar , Kusariana Nissa , Dewanti Nikie Astorina Yunita , Murni Murni , Luthfi Alfiannisa
Published: November 2024

Presidential Regulation No. 72 of 2021 concerning the Acceleration of Reducing Stunting stated that regency/city governments, village governments, and other stakeholders in implementing programs aimed at accelerating the reduction of stunting. This study analyzed crosssector stakeholder collaboration at the village level in efforts to handle stunting within the Gemawang Primary Healthcare Center (PHC) working area, Temanggung Regency, Central Java. The study, conducted from April to September 2022, employed a qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews with key informants. The results revealed that stunting management policies were in place from the provincial to the district level and were subsequently followed up at the village level. Additionally, collaborative efforts had been made at the village level with religious figures, such as ulama (Islamic scholar) and priests. However, challenges remained there, including concerns expressed by some village heads over declaring their villages “stunting-free.”. The reluctance has led to a lack of support from certain village officials. Therefore, aligning the perceptions with the objectives of the stunting management program is essential to ensure that all stakeholders can collaborate toward a common goal.
Impact of the market model in the electric power system on its reliability
Authors: Chukreyev Mikhail
Published: November 2024

In today’s competitive international markets, the cost of electricity has a huge impact on a nation’s ability to produce a competitive product. The percentage of electricity costs in manufactured goods can be up to 50% of the cost. Reducing the costs of this component undoubtedly affects the competitiveness, and consequently leads to an increase in the growth rate of Russia’s GDP. Therefore, work on the efficiency of the energy sector is very important. The article considers the mechanisms of energy markets, their peculiarities are given. The influence of the chosen mechanism on the required full capacity reserve is shown, and the author’s vision for further actions in these matters is given.
Digital technologies for managing the turnover of fuel and energy resources within the framework of an expanded international energy association
Authors: Grigoriev Vladimir , Loginov Evgeny , Shkuta Alexander
Published: November 2024

The paper proposes to form a coordinated energy supply system by creating and developing an expanded international energy association (Russia+). Digital approaches to organizing, on the principles of the Unified Energy System of Russia, synchronous parallel operation of territorially distributed facilities for generating electricity, extracting and supplying fuel and energy resources based on a digital information platform are considered.