bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Stress-Strain Properties of Reinforcing Steel for Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Hao Meijing , Zheng Wenzhong , Chang Wei
Published: May 2020

The stress-strain properties of reinforcing steel for reinforced concrete are related to the design of reinforced concrete structures. In China Codes, steel bars for the prestressing of concrete (PCB) and hot-rolled ribbed bars in grade 600 (HRB600) were introduced to design concrete structures. However, the stress-strain properties of high-strength steel bars are not defined by the standard. In this paper, reinforcing steel for reinforced concrete in a China Code included hot-rolled plain bars (HPB), HRB, cold-rolled ribbed steel bars (CRB), PCB, hot-rolled wire rod for prestressed steel (PSW), and screw-thread steel bars for the prestressing of concrete (PSB), which were tested under axial tension. Results showed that the reinforcing steel was divided into two types: HPB, HRB, and CRB600H with yield plateau and PCB, PSW, PSB, and CRB550 without. Based on the experimental results, the tensile mechanical indicators of reinforcing steel were determined and the stress-strain curves prediction models of reinforcing steel were developed. The stress-strain curves prediction models of steel bars can predict the tensile properties of steel bars accurately, which can be used in finite element software to simulate the tensile properties of steel bars and explore the stress development of steel bars in concrete structures.
PV Module Integrated Dual Boost Three-Port dc-dc Converter–Fed T-Type Multilevel Inverter for Shunt Active Power Filters
Authors: Vinoth K. , Ramesh Babu M.
Published: May 2020

The emerging number of nonlinear loads has given elevated interest in developing shunt active power filters (SHAPF) to eliminate the grid issues resulting from the current distortions. This paper proposes an improved photovoltaic (PV) module integrated dual boost high step-up three-port isolated direct current (dc)-dc converter to deliver high output voltage for the low-voltage input. A three-phase three-level (3P3L) T-type inverter is operated as a SHAPF to eliminate the current harmonics. The T-type 3P3L multilevel inverter (MLI) incorporated with the proposed system reduces the number of switches and gate driver circuits compared with widely used MLI. The proposed system generates the compensation current to eliminate the current harmonics in the three-phase distribution network by means of the SHAPF dc-link voltage control. A dc-space vector control scheme is incorporated to generate the firing pulses for the MLI. A comparative evaluation of the latest MLIs reveals that the proposed topology requires a lower quantity of dc sources and power semiconductor switches. In order to validate the operation of the proposed topology, the simulation and experimental consequences of a 3P3L PV-integrated dual boost three-port (DBTP) dc-dc converter–fed T-type MLI-based SHAPF controlled by the DBTP dc-dc converter are presented.
Staple state et participation des communautés rurales dans la gouvernance de la forêt publique québécoise : bilan des mesures des réformes du régime forestier
Authors: Chiasson Guy , Beaulieu Hanneke
Published: May 2020

Ce texte analyse les limites de la ruralité québécoise en se penchant sur la frontière qui sépare lesmilieux ruraux de la forêt publique depuis le 19e siècle. Depuis la fin des années 1800 jusqu’aux années 1970,les ruraux ont été privés d’accès à la forêt publique par les clubs privés et les concessions forestières. Depuisles années 1980, ils ont récupéré un accès aux terres publiques, mais la gouvernance de la forêt continue deleur échapper. Pour terminer, nous analysons les dernières réformes du régime forestier des années 2000 pourvoir dans quelle mesure elles ouvrent la possibilité pour une plus grande participation des acteurs ruraux à ladécision sur la mise en valeur du patrimoine forestier public.
Les politiques publiques de développement des milieux ruraux : la Politique nationale de la ruralité du Québec revisitée
Authors: Jean Bruno
Published: May 2020

Le processus d’élaboration des politiques publiques rurales et l’évolution qu’ont connue ces politiquespubliques sont décrits dans le présent article. Leur émergence, relativement récente, a été rendue possible avec la fin de la croyance selon laquelle les politiques sectorielles, notamment agricoles, pouvaient solutionner les problèmes ruraux. Ensuite, nous présenterons plus en profondeur l’expérience québécoise de soutien au développement des territoires ruraux avec la Politique nationale de la ruralité (PNR) du Québec; nous mettrons l’accent sur les aspects novateurs d’une telle politique pour tirer quelques enseignements de sa mise en oeuvre de 2001 à 2014. À plus d’un titre et comme l’a reconnu l’OCDE, cette politique originale a montré la pertinence de s’intéresser aux facteurs intangibles, par exemple la mobilisation collective, l’engagement citoyen et la gouvernance locale, qui sont souvent des déterminants décisifs de l’évolution socioéconomique des milieux ruraux.
Nancy Ouellet directrice générale de la Table agroalimentaire du Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean
Authors: Brochu Isabel
Published: May 2020

Zone boréale est une image de marque, une stratégie de positionnement basée sur la typicité boréale, quiest largement utilisée par la région du Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean. Zone boréale, c’est la volonté d’unerégion de se définir à travers son territoire nordique et son terroir unique. Elle rassemble tous ceux quijouent un rôle dans notre culture culinaire. Ce sont les producteurs agricoles, les transformateursalimentaires, les marchands, les entreprises en agrotourisme, les services de garde éducatifs et lesrestaurateurs, qu’on appelle nos « ambassadeurs de saveurs ».La Table agroalimentaire du Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean a été mandatée, en 2015, lors du Sommet régional,pour mettre en place cette stratégie de positionnement. Pour nous expliquer cette stratégie, Organisations& Territoires s’entretient avec madame Nancy Ouellet, directrice générale de la Table agroalimentaire.
The Families of Single Mothers in the Context of Family Policy in Lithuania
Authors: Skubiejutė Greta
Published: May 2020

Vienų motinų šeimos yra viena iš opiausių problemų Europoje dėl augančio tokių šeimų skaičiaus, gilėjančio skurdo, kuris siejamas su familializmo ideologijos ir skurdo feminizacijos padariniais. Šeimos politika tam tikrų keliamų problemų kontekste kuria sąlygas vienų vaikus auginančių moterų šeimoms gyvuoti arba uždaro į skurdo ratą. Nors Lietuvoje yra nemažai vienų motinų šeimų skurdo tyrimų, tačiau nėra išsamaus šeimos politikos tikslų ir priemonių tyrimo, kuris gali padėti suprasti, kodėl, augant ekonomikai ir kintant demografijai, vienų motinų šeimos yra labiausiai skurstanti šeimų grupė Lietuvoje. Tad tyrimo tikslas – išsiaiškinti, kaip Lietuvos šeimos politikoje yra (ne)atpažįstamos vienų vaikus auginančių moterų šeimos ir kokios sąlygos egzistuoti joms sudaromos šeimos politikos įstatymų kontekste. Tikslui pasiekti buvo kokybiškai analizuoti įvairūs įstatymai iš MISSOC ir Lietuvos Respublikos Seimo dokumentų duomenų bazių. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad Lietuvos šeimos politikos kontekste aiškiai jaučiama familializmo ideologija, siekiama stiprinti ir didinti branduolinių šeimų ir daugiavaikių šeimų skaičių, tikintis išspręsti demografines problemas. Vienų motinų šeimos politikoje nėra matomos, nėra įvardijamos kaip politikos prioritetas ir į akiratį patenka tik tada, kai atsiduria socialiai remtinų šeimų grupėje. Taip pat yra siejamos su diskriminuojančiomis sąvokomis, tokiomis kaip „nepilna šeima“.
Social Inequalities in Health: Outcomes of Children’s Cochlear Implantation in Lithuania
Authors: Stumbrys Daumantas , Byčkova Jekaterina , Lesinskas Eugenijus , Mataitytė-Diržienė Jurga , Norkūnienė Jolita
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic, family, and educational differences in children’s speech perception development after cochlear (hearing) implantation. The research was conducted in Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos during the years 2013–2018. Open-set speech perception in quiet surroundings were evaluated during hearing assessments (n=81). Information about different factor groups was collected according to the Nottingham Children’s Implant Profile questionnaire. Three main factor groups were analysed: (a) demographic, (b) family, and (c) educational. A Bourdieu-based approach was adopted to analyse social inequalities of health of children with cochlear implants. Different factors were operationalized as different forms of capital. Our findings highlight the importance of family’s social and cultural capital to children speech perception after cochlear implantation.
Parents Demand and Teenager Refuses Epidural Anesthesia
Authors: Berkowitz Ivor , Burgart Alyssa , Truog Robert D. , Mancuso Thomas J. , Char Danton , Lantos John D.
Published: May 2020

A 15-year-old girl is scheduled to undergo an upper lobectomy to debulk metastatic Ewing sarcoma. The anesthesiologist recommended placement of a thoracic epidural catheter to provide postoperative analgesia. The patient did not want a needle to be placed near her spine. She was terrified that the procedure would be painful and that it might paralyze her. Although the anesthesiologist reassured her that sedation and local anesthesia would make the procedure comfortable, she remained vehemently opposed to the epidural procedure. The parents spoke privately to the anesthesiologist and asked for placement of the epidural after she was asleep. They firmly believed that this would provide optimal postoperative analgesia and thus would be in her best interest. Experts discuss the pros and cons of siding with the patient or parents.
Aktivitas Penghambatan α-Glukosidase Campuran Ekstrak Daun Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.) dan Madu Kaliandra
Authors: Sumarlin La Ode , Sukandar Dede , Pratiwi Lia
Published: May 2020

Penyakit diabetes melitus adalah disfungsi metabolisme karbohidrat. Terapi antidiabetes oral yaitu menggunakan agen penghambat α-glukosidase. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan kajian agen penghambat α-glukosidase yang potensial diantaranya madu kaliandra dan ekstrak daun namnam.  Kajian ini akan difokuskan pada kemampuan sampel tersebut sebagai agen penghambat α-glukosidase baik dengan perlakuan bentuk tunggal maupun campuran, sebelum dan setelah fraksinasi. Selain itu digunakan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa pada setiap perlakuan sampel tersebut. Uji aktivitas penghambatan α-glukosidase secara in vitro pada ekstrak daun namnam menunjukkan nilai IC50 sebesar 34,47 ppm, sedangkan madu kaliandra tidak menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan α-glukosidase. Hasil fraksinasi cair-cair menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana mampu menghambat α-glukosidase tertinggi berdasarkan nilai IC50 sebesar 8,46 ppm. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer FTIR pada ekstrak n-heksana mengandung gugus fungsi yang memiliki kemiripan dengan golongan senyawa steroid. Senyawa aktif pada ekstrak etil asetat dan ekstrak n-butanol mengandung gugus fungsi yang memiliki kemiripan dengan gugus fungsi standar senyawa kuersetin.
Strategi Penyiaran Remotivi Dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran Terhadap Produk Halal (Studi Kasus Pada Strategi Penyiaran Remotivi Dalam Video Mendadak Halal Di Media Sosial Youtube)
Authors: Halimah Jamilah Nur
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data terkait strategi penyiaran yang dilakukan oleh channel youtube remotivi. Videonya yang berjudul “Mendadak Halal” telah memoderasi masyarakat media sosial youtube untuk saling menyampaikan gagasan yang argumentatif di kolom komentar milik mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan mengenai strategi komunikasi dalam pemilihan topik, pengemasan pesan, dan penggunaan metode penyampaian pesan yang dipilih. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian studi kasus yang mengkaji lebih dalam soal lembaga dan produksi video milik Remotivi. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada asumsi sebuah model komunikasi, yaitu model S-M-C-R David K. Berlo pakar ilmu komunikasi dari Amerika Serikat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: a. Pemilihan topik di Remotivi menggunakan gaya bahasa yang tidak saklek dan dijabarkan dengan cara sedernana dengan fokus pada isu-isu masyarakat sosial. b. Pengemasan pesan yang dilakukan oleh Remotivi dibuat dengan merumuskan poin-poin yang dielaborasi sebelumnya dengan riset yang mendalam. c. Metode penyampaian pesan yang dilakukan oleh Remotivi merupakan strategi pendekatan kepada komunikasi. Pendekatannya menggunakan pesan yang tidak hanya bersifat informatif tapi juga persuasif.

Kata Kunci: Strategi; Remotivi; Halal; Model S-M-C-R.

ABSTRACT

This research was conducted to obtain data related to broadcasting strategies carried out by youtube channel Remotivi. His video entitled "Mendadak Halal" has moderated the YouTube social media community to share argumentative ideas with each other in their comments column. This study aims to develop knowledge about communication strategies in topic selection, orderly message, and the use of selected message delivery methods. The researcher used a case study research that examined more about the video production of Remotivi institution. This research is based on the assumption of a communication model, namely the S-M-C-R model of David K. Berlo, an expert of communication science from the United States. The results of the study point out: a. Choice of topics in Remotivi uses a language style that is easy to understand and elaborated in a simple way with a focus on social community issues. b. The orderly messages carried out by Remotivi was made by formulating the points elaborated beforehand with in-depth research. c. The method of delivering messages carried out by Remotivi is an approach strategy for communication. His approach uses messages that are not only informative but also persuasive.

 

Keywords: Strategy; Remotivi; Halal; Model S-M-C-R.
Cultura de la seguridad del paciente en seis centros quirúrgicos de Antioquia
Authors: Salazar Maya Angela Maria , Restrepo Marín Diana Marcela
Published: May 2020

Introducción: Colombia, como otros países promueve políticas de seguridad al paciente con el fin de evitar situaciones que afecten su bienestar y su salud, asimismo, reducir y, de ser posible, eliminar la ocurrencia de eventos adversos.  Objetivo: Caracterizar la cultura de seguridad del paciente referido por el personal de seis centros quirúrgicos de Antioquia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio multicéntrico transversal descriptivo. Se aplicó el instrumento Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture propuesto por la Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) a 514 trabajadores del área de la salud. Por recomendación de AHRQ, se recodificó la escala de Likert de la encuesta. Resultados: En una escala de cero a diez, el promedio del clima de seguridad en los servicios de cirugía es 8. El 62% de las respuestas sobre la percepción de la cultura de la seguridad fue positiva en aprendizaje organizacional/mejora continua en 81.70% de los trabajadores; en el trabajo en equipo en el servicio, 81.54%. Se encontraron oportunidades de mejora en dotación de personal (49.98%); respuesta no punitiva a errores (45.98%); y franqueza en comunicación (44.28%). Discusión: las dimensiones que son fortalezas y debilidades reportadas en la investigación son comparables con las reportadas en otros estudios y requiere atención del sistema de salud y de las direcciones de las instituciones. Conclusión: Se detectaron fortalezas y debilidades en la cultura de seguridad de los pacientes. En cuanto a las Fortalezas: el Aprendizaje organizacional/mejora continua y el Trabajo en equipo en la Unidad/Servicio; el resto son oportunidades de mejora.
Como citar este artículo: Salazar Maya Ángela María, Restrepo Marín Diana Marcela. Cultura de la seguridad del paciente en seis centros quirúrgicos de Antioquia. Revista Cuidarte. 2020; 11(2): e1040. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1040
Previsões de Precipitação de Modelos Atmosféricos como Subsídio à Operação de Sistemas de Reservatórios
Authors: Bozzini Pedro Ludovico , Méllo Júnior Arisvaldo Vieira
Published: May 2020

Resumo Modelos atmosféricos globais e regionais são importantes ferramentas para a gestão de recursos hídricos. Com a intenção de realizar previsão de vazões e subsidiar a operação de sistemas de abastecimento, esse estudo avaliou as previsões de precipitação de três modelos atmosféricos. Foram analisadas as previsões dos modelos ETA (resolução horizontal de 40 km, horizonte de 10 dias), BAM (resolução horizontal de 20 km, horizonte de 10 dias) e WRF (resolução horizontal de 5 km, horizonte de 3 dias) para as bacias do Sistema Cantareira, no Sudeste brasileiro. As previsões foram comparadas com observações de pluviômetros e de radar. Foram avaliados o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, eficiência modificada de Kling-Gupta, coeficiente angular da regressão linear entre previsões e observações, REQM e PBIAS, além dos índices categóricos fBIAS, POD e FAR. Verificou-se que as correlações tendem a ser mais fortes nos primeiros dias de previsão (até o segundo dia à frente). As maiores correlações foram encontradas comparando valores acumulados para todo o horizonte de previsão. O modelo ETA apresentou forte tendência a subestimar as observações e o modelo BAM, de superestimá-las. O modelo WRF apresentou uma tendência leve de subestimação. A previsão de precipitação com modelos globais e regionais é um importante subsídio à operação de sistemas de reservatórios, entretanto, é essencial conhecer o comportamento dessas previsões a fim de minimizar imprecisões e maximizar seu valor na tomada de decisão.
Comunistas? Uma análise dos projetos de lei dos deputados federais do PCdoB e PPS
Authors: Mendonça Daniel de , Linhares Bianca de Freitas
Published: May 2020

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo classificar ideologicamente os projetos de lei (PLs) apresentados, entre 2003 e 2006, pelos deputados federais do Partido Comunista do Brasil (PCdoB) e do Partido Popular Socialista (PPS). Para tanto, a metodologia empregada prevê uma análise detalhada de cada PL. Considerando a heterogeneidade das estruturas partidárias, o objetivo não é concluir simplesmente que PCdoB e PPS são partidos essencialmente de esquerda ou de direita. Nossas conclusões dirão, diferentemente, o quão PCdoB e PPS são de esquerda ou de direita nas áreas específicas em que os PLs serão analisados (Economia, Estado e Social). Para cumprirmos o objetivo proposto, o texto está dividido em quatro seções principais. Na primeira seção, analisaremos alguns dos principais estudos correntes sobre ideologia e classificação partidária. A seguir, apresentaremos o objeto de nossa análise. Na sequência, apresentaremos a metodologia de classificação ideológica empregada. Na última seção, explicitaremos os resultados da análise ideológica realizada.
Pesquisa bibliométrica e hierarquias do conhecimento em Ciência Política
Authors: Lenine Enzo , Mörschbächer Melina
Published: May 2020

Resumo Como os estudos bibliométricos evidenciam as desigualdades na distribuição de reconhecimento e prestígio na Ciência Política? A relevância de tais estudos reside no fato de que eles revelam as hierarquias de conhecimento relacionadas tanto à forma da produção do conhecimento, no que tange a preferências temáticas, teóricas e metodológicas; quanto à agência dessa produção, especificamente aos perfis profissionais. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo objetiva avançar o conceito de hierarquias de conhecimento como uma estrutura de desigualdades de reconhecimento, prestígio e poder na disciplina, ancorando-se nos resultados de estudos bibliométricos próprios e de outros autores. Apoiamo-nos em dados estatísticos bibliométricos para argumentar que tais pesquisas devem ser interpretadas à luz das hierarquias de conhecimento que ensejam, evidenciando as desigualdades existentes na academia, tanto no que tange à produção de conhecimento, como à diversidade dos atores.
Sobre a Liberdade:o paternalismo libertário concilia deontologismo e consequencialismo?
Authors: Cunha Filho Marcio
Published: May 2020

Resumo Esta resenha do livro “Sobre a Liberdade” (On Freedom), de Cass Sunstein, tem como objetivo principal analisar e contextualizar o paternalismo libertário dentre as duas principais correntes que disputam respostas acerca da teoria da justiça, o deontologismo e o consequencialismo. Minha afirmação principal é que, embora Sunstein tente posicionar o paternalismo libertário como uma ruptura com a dicotomia estabelecida entre as duas correntes, atribuindo valor tanto às consequências das decisões quanto à liberdade de escolha das pessoas, em casos difíceis esta filosofia política se torna claramente consequencialista, minimizando o valor da liberdade de escolha. Sendo assim, a contribuição original do paternalismo libertário talvez esteja aquém do que ela ambiciona, que é criar respostas originais a perguntas sobre o que significa fazer a coisa certa em questões factual e moralmente controvertidas.
Caesalpinia pulcherrima seed galactomannan on rheological properties of dairy desserts
Authors: Medeiros Stella Regina Arcanjo , Oliveira Victor Alves de , Oliveira Amanda Mazza Cruz de , Araujo Marjory Lima Holanda , Feitosa Judith Pessoa de Andrade , Paula Regina Celia Monteiro de , Sousa Felipe Domingos de , Moreira Ana Cristina de Oliveira Monteiro , Beserra Frederico José , Moreira Renato de Azevedo
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT: Dairy desserts containing Caesalpinia pulcherrima seed galactomannan were evaluated to determine their static and dynamic rheological behaviors. Variations in consistency index (k), flow behavior (n), yield stress and thixotropy of the desserts indicated that the galactomannan caused an increase in the shear stress and apparent viscosity of the system. All samples exhibited shear-thinning behavior with flow behavior index values (n) between 0.06 and 0.37. Dynamic rheological behavior was evaluated for MD (high solid levels) and MD/2 (half the amount of solids) groups, and both G’ and G’’ moduli were depended on the frequency. The MD and MD/2 groups showed variations in the elastic modulus (G’) throughout the temperature range (mainly at 50 °C), showing greater sensitivity at high temperatures. C. pulcherrima galactomannan was able to promote synergism with starch, milk protein and sucrose and to improve the development of stronger and more resistant gels.
How different soil moisture levels affect the microbial activity
Authors: Denardin Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira , Alves Lucas Aquino , Ortigara Cícero , Winck Bruna , Coblinski João Augusto , Schmidt Marcelo Raul , Carlos Filipe Selau , Toni Cézar Augusto Gama de , Camargo Flávio Anastácio de Oliveira , Anghinoni Ibanor , Clay David
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT: The lowland soils are characterized by high susceptibility to water saturation. This anaerobic condition is usually reported in paddy fields and alters the decomposition process of soil organic compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the soil microbial and enzymatic activity of a lowland soil at different soil moisture contents. A poorly drained Albaqualf cultivated with irrigated rice was used to evaluate microbial and enzymatic activity in treatments with different levels of soil moisture, being: i) 60% of field capacity (FC) (60%FC); ii) 100% of FC (100%FC); iii) flooded soil with a 2 cm water layer above soil surface, and iv) soil kept at 60%FC with late flood after 29 days the incubation. The greater soil microbial activity was observed in the 100%FC treatment, being 41% greater than 60%FC treatment and only 2% higher than flooded treatment. The enzymatic activity data by fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis corroborated the higher CO2 release in treatments with higher soil moisture content. Differently from the results reported, the main methodologies to evaluate microbial activity still recommend maintenance of the soil with a moisture content close to 60% of the FC. However, in lowland soil with history of frequent paddy fields, the maintenance of moisture close to 60% of the FC can limit the microbial activity. The soil respiration technique can be used to evaluate the microbial activity in flooded soil conditions. However, further studies should be conducted to understand the effect of the cultivation history on the microbial community of these environments.
Brasagem de Aços Inoxidáveis Martensíticos Utilizando Pasta à Base de Níquel em Forno a Vácuo
Authors: Carvalho Vicente da Rocha , Machado Ivan Guerra
Published: May 2020

Resumo: Aços inoxidáveis martensíticos são largamente utilizados pela indústria cuteleira, especialmente para produtos que tem contato com alimento. Nesta aplicação algumas propriedades são importantes, como resistência à corrosão, tenacidade e retenção do fio – esta última fortemente influenciada pela limpeza do aço. No entanto, aços com tais propriedades tendem a ser caros e possuem baixa soldabilidade. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver a união por brasagem entre os aços inoxidáveis martensíticos Uddeholm Elmax e DIN EN 1.4110, a fim de usar o Uddeholm Elmax apenas na região do fio, reduzindo custos. Uma pasta classificada como DIN EN ISO 3677 B-Ni60CrPSi-980/1040 foi utilizada como metal de adição. Os parâmetros testados foram: tempo de brasagem (5, 10 e 30 min) e temperatura de brasagem (1080, 1100 e 1120 °C). Os corpos de prova foram submetidos a ensaio de tração e analisados por microscópio óptico e MEV, além de medições de dureza e microdureza. Os maiores valores para o ensaio de tração foram encontrados nas amostras brasadas com tempo de 10 min e temperatura de 1120 °C. Foi possível brasar os materiais de acordo com o objetivo deste trabalho.
Efecto del Calor Aportado y la Cantidad de Capas sobre la Evolución Microestructural en Recargues de Acero Inoxidable Dúplex
Authors: Zappa Sebastián , Martinez Juan , Svoboda Hernán
Published: May 2020

Resumen Se estudió el efecto de la velocidad de enfriamiento y de la dilución en soldaduras de recubrimiento con un acero inoxidable dúplex, sobre una chapa de acero de bajo contenido de carbono, mediante el proceso de soldadura semiautomático con protección gaseosa. Para estudiar dichos efectos, se soldaron cupones con 0,6; 0,9 y 1,8 kJ/mm (manteniendo constante los parámetros eléctricos y variando la velocidad de soldadura) con una y dos capas. Se midió la composición química, se cuantificó el contenido de fases y se observó la precipitación de compuestos intermetálicos mediante microscopía óptica, electrónica de barrido y difracción de rayos X. Los resultados muestran que, en los cupones soldados con una capa, al aumentar el calor aportado, el contenido de ferrita aumenta asociado a la disminución de la dilución. Por otro lado, en los cupones soldados con dos capas (con bajos valores de dilución), el contenido de ferrita disminuye, asociado a la velocidad de enfriamiento y al mayor tiempo disponible para la transformación de ferrita en austenita. El equilibrio microestructural en recargues resistentes a la corrosión con aceros inoxidables dúplex está controlado, principalmente, por el grado de dilución para una capa y por el calor aportado para dos capas.
Physico-chemical, morphological and technological properties of the avocado (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) seed starch
Authors: Macena Jéssica Franco Freitas , Souza Joiciana Cardoso Arruda de , Camilloto Geany Peruch , Cruz Renato Souza
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill) are a byproduct of fruit processing and are considered a potential alternative source of starch. Starch is widely used as a functional ingredient in food systems, along with additives such as salt, sugars, acids and fats. This study aimed to perform the physicochemical, morphological and technological characterization of starch from avocado seeds and to evaluate the consistency of gels when salt, sugar, acid and fat are added. Extraction yield was 10.67% and final moisture 15.36%. The apparent amylose content (%) was higher than other cereal and tuber starches. XRD standards confirmed the presence of type B crystallinity, typical of fruits and tubers, with a crystallinity degree of 56.09%. The swelling power increased with increasing temperature (above 70 °C). Avocado seed starch (ASS) presented a syneresis rate of 42.5%. Viscoamylography showed that ASS is stable at high temperatures. TPA analysis showed that ASS gels with different additives and concentrations varied significantly (p<0.05) from the control sample, mainly in the hardness and gumminess profiles. The properties of ASS indicate a wide potential of applications which can be used in food industries such as sauces, creams and dehydrated soups. Furthermore, the use of this seed to obtain starch contributes to the reduction of the residue of the avocado oil industry, avoiding damage to the environment.
Agronomic characters and disease management in second season corn using calcium, copper, manganese and zinc products
Authors: Lorenzetti Eloisa , Tartaro Juliano , Stangarlin José Renato , Kuhn Odair José
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Corn is a cereal whose productivity can be reduced by various diseases which has recommended treatments for control. The objective of this study was to analyze copper, zinc, calcium and manganese products for the management of Pantoea ananatis, Puccinia polysora and Cercospora zeae maydis in second season corn, and interference in agronomic characteristics. Commercial products made of amino acid chelated with 15% calcium, 5% copper, 15% manganese and 10% zinc, at the doses of 0.5 kg ha-1, 0.3 L ha-1, 0.4 kg ha-1 and 1 L ha-1, respectively, a treatment with fungicide (20% azoxystrobin and 8% cyproconazole at 0.3 L ha-1 + 25% propiconazole at 0.4 L ha-1), and a treatment with water were assayed. The experiments were carried out under field conditions for two consecutive years and in two simple hybrids, in soil supplemented with nutrients based on the chemical analysis. The plant height, stem diameter, number of rows per spike, number of grains per row of spike, productivity and mass of one thousand grains were evaluated. Disease severity was assessed with diagrammatic scales and calculated the area under the disease progress curves. In both years, there was no significant effect of chelates for agronomic traits and diseases severity. It is concluded that chelate-based calcium, copper, manganese and zinc products have no influence on agronomic characteristics and severity of the diseases evaluated in second season corn for those edaphoclimatic conditions.
Twigs occupied by Pheidole Westwood, 1839: Is there a difference between species?
Authors: Barroso Suellen C. , Longui Eduardo L. , Fernandes Tae T. , Oliveira Carla M. , Ferreira Alexandre C. , Silva Rogério R. , Morini Maria Santina C.
Published: May 2020

Abstract: Pheidole is a genus with wide geographical distribution and diversity, especially in the leaf litter of neotropical forests, where nests are found at the soil-litter interface, in the soil and vegetation, among leaves, seeds, and twigs. Despite the availability of twigs and Pheidole species diversity in the leaf litter, most of this resource is not occupied, which suggests the existence of filters. This study analyzes whether twigs occupied by Pheidole species differ for the outer structure and anatomy of the wood. Twigs were collected from preserved Atlantic Forest fragments in southeastern Brazil. Twigs with Pheidole colonies were measured and the wood anatomy analyzed. We collected 224 twigs with Pheidole colonies, but the analysis was done at 41% due to wood decomposition. Five species were recorded in these twigs, which differ for the outer structure and anatomy of the wood. These results suggest the existence of preference in the occupation of twigs determined by wood structure.
Assistance to the puerperium and the construction of a flow chart for nursing consultation
Authors: Silva Lilian Puglas da , Silveira Laura Menezes da , Mendes Tatiane de Jesus Martins , Stabile Angelita Maria
Published: May 2020

Abstract Objectives: to identify the main complaints and problems presented by women in the puerperium during nursing consultations and create a care flow chart. Methods: descriptive, cross-sectional exploratory study with quantitative treatment of data conducted in a private hospital in Brazil, with a sample of 114 women. Results: of the puerperal women evaluated, 57.9% were primiparous and 66.7% reported not having received guidance about the puerperal period. Cesarean sections occurred in 89.5% of the sample, and 80.7% of the women presented difficulties inherent to the care given to the newborn or self-care. All mothers were breastfeeding and 42.1% of them reported difficulties in this process. Among breast complications, 30.7% corresponded to fissures. In view of the needs observed in the nursing consultation, women received guidelines from the nurses, and were referred for specialized evaluation when pertinent. Conclusions: it was observed that problems and complaints presented by women in the puerperium were related with care to the newborn, breastfeeding, emotional state and family support. Health professionals who give puerperal consultations should consider the sociocultural environment in which the puerperal woman is inserted in order to link their beliefs with science.
Maternal knowledge on infant feeding in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Pizzatto Paula , Dalabona Caroline C , Correa Mariana Lima , Neumann Nelson A , Cesar Juraci Almeida
Published: May 2020

Abtract Objectives: to describe the knowledge of infant feeding on breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary feeding among mothers of children under one-year-old in São Luís, MA. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study using a single questionnaire, standardized by trained interviewers, who visited all the residents in 20 communities chosen by convenience. This questionnaire searched for socioeconomic, demographic information, care received during pregnancy, and the knowledge about infant feeding. The analysis was performed through the creation of knowledge scores, frequency listing, central tendency and dispersion measurements. Results: among the 709 interviewees, 53.5% presented satisfactory knowledge. The score on the percentage mean of knowledge on infant feeding was 66.7%. The specific score on the introduction of complementary feeding was 60.7% and breastfeeding was71.4%. The benefits of breastfeeding for the babies were better known than the advantages it confers on mothers. The worst result was related to porridge preparation,(13.5%). Conclusion: the proportion of mothers who did not know about the basic teachings of infant feeding is high. This can lead to reduce exclusive breastfeeding time, increase rates of improper introduction of food and drink, and in favor early weaning.
Longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding reduces maternal weight retention: results from the CLaB study
Authors: Alves Michelly da Silva , Almeida Maiara Aparecida Mialich , Gomes Caroline de Barros , Ferrari Anna Paula , Parada Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima , Carvalhaes Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite
Published: May 2020

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the relation between breastfeeding and postpartum weight reten-tion. Methods: this prospective cohort study involved 641 newborns and their mothers, followed up to twelve months postpartum. Data were collected from June 2015 to February 2017. In the first interview, we investigated data regarding socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, obstetric history, weight, and gestational age of the infant at birth. Maternal weight and breastfeeding status were obtained at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months postpartum at the mother’s home. A descriptive analysis of maternal weight retention according to the lactation status was performed. Multiple linear regression models evaluated the effect on exclusive breastfeeding and total breastfeeding duration on maternal weight retention at 6 and 12 months postpartum, considering potential confounders. Results: 512 and 490 mothers were evaluated at six months and at twelve months post-partum, and the mean weight retention was 1.79 (SD=5.52) and 1.69 (SD=6.69) kg, respectively. Regardless of the confounders, the mean postpartum weight reduction for each day of exclusive breastfeeding was 11 (CI95%= -0.019 to -0.003) and 16 grams (CI95%= -0.026 to -0.007) for 6 and 12 months, respectively. The total maternal breastfeeding duration had the same effect. Conclusions: longer periods of exclusive breastfeeding and total breastfeeding are associated with lower postpartum weight retention.
Effect of chemical and biological seed treatments on common bean seeds inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli
Authors: Ishizuka Mariane Sayuri , Castro Renata Rebellato Linhares de , Moraes Maria Heloisa Duarte de , Menten José Otavio Machado
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT: Currently, the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) productivity has been reduced by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli (Fop), the causative agent of Fusarium wilt. Considering the integrated management of diseases, the objectives of the present work were to verify the compatibility between chemical and biological fungicides for Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. phaseoli Kendrick & Snyder (Fop) control in common bean seeds. In laboratory, the effects of the treatments were evaluated by sanity, germination, seedling total length and seedling dry matter tests. In greenhouse conditions, the emergence speed rate, the percentage of emergence and the rate of pathogen transmission through the pathogen infestation in a substrate to plants were evaluated. Common bean seeds BRS Estilo were artificially inoculated with Fop isolate (IAC 11.299-1). In the seeds’ treatment, the chemical fungicides fludyoxonyl, flutriafol, methyl tiofanate, and biological products of Trichoderma sp. (isolates SF04, GF 422 and strain 1306), separately and mixed, were used. Treatments that promoted the best pathogen control in seeds were the combination of methyl tiophanate with biological products. Both flutriafol and GF 422 isolated and in mixed treatments affected the seeds’ physiological quality. The protective effect of the products was noted in the transmission test, whose Fop incidence was from 5 to 40% in the hypocotyl and from 5 to 30% in common bean roots.
Impact of global warming on the distribution of Anastrepha grandis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Brazil
Authors: Lisbôa Heitor , Grutzmacher Anderson Dionei , Wrege Marcos Silveira , Garcia Flávio Roberto Mello , Nava Dori Edson
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT: Anastrepha grandis is one of the main pests related to Cucurbitaceae in South and Central America. This study discusses the impact of temperature increase on the number of generations of A. grandis, whose distribution could be aggravated due to temperature increase. Climatic variations were analyzed for reference scenarios obtained from 1961‒1990 and of A2 and B1 climatic change scenarios of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, in which a less pessimistic scenario (B1) and a more pessimistic scenario (A2) were found. In relation to the reference scenarios, in colder seasons, the southern and southeastern regions are inadequate for the development of A. grandis, presenting one generation at most. In other regions of Brazil, where temperatures are higher throughout the year, the number of generations is at least two, and there is no variation from one climatic season to another. When analyzing the temperature increase, in a more pessimistic scenario (A2), there is a considerable variation in the number of generations, if we take into account three future climate scenarios in which A. grandis practically doubles the number of generations. In relation to a less pessimistic scenario (B1), there is a smaller variation in the number of generations, mainly in the southern region of the country. This variation is more accentuated in southeastern Brazil due to the temperature increase, in which the pest’s number of generations doubles even in colder seasons.
EXPERIENCING PLACE: A STUDY OF THE RELATIONS BETWEEN MAN AND THE ENVIRONMENT AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS IN THE OLARIAS NEIGHBOURHOOD, TERESINA, PIAUÍ
Authors: OLIVEIRA LARA CARVALHO DE , LOPES WILZA GOMES REIS
Published: May 2020

Abstract The North Lakes Program (PLN) proposes urban regeneration and socio-economic and environmental development interventions for an environmentally fragile area in the city of Teresina, Piauí. Given the importance of adjusting any environmental intervention to the specifics of the interactions between different human groups and the environment they live in, this article aims to analyse affective, symbolic and functional aspects of the relationship between residents of the Olarias district, located in the coverage area of the PLN and the place where they live. The research used qualitative methodology involving desk research, visits in loco and interviews with residents, analysed according to the Content Analysis technique. The results indicate the existence of strong affective, symbolic and functional bonds between residents and place, which, however, have been severely strained by PLN actions that disregard the relationships established between man and environment.
RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLANS AND THEIR CHALLENGES: THE CASE OF THE ALTO-TIETÊ RIVER BASIN - STATE OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL
Authors: SANTOS SIMONE MENDONÇA , SOUZA MARCELO MARINI PEREIRA DE , BIRCOL GUILHERME AUGUSTO CARMINATO , UENO HELENE MARIKO
Published: May 2020

Abstract The article proposes a set of requirements to be used in assessing the potential of the River Basin Management Plans as instruments: (i) of (vertical) articulation between river basin planning and national and state planning of water resources; (ii) of articulation (horizontal) between water resources planning and other sectorial planning; (iii) of integration between water resources planning and regional and municipal strategies for land use planning and environmental sanitation; (iv) of water safety. These requirements were applied to the Alto-Tietê River Basin Management Plan, which demonstrated low potential for horizontal articulation and water safety planning. To overcome these limitations, it is suggested, in the next plan revisions, the use of planning tools that promote the involvement of society in a complementary way to the discussions in the river basin committee, fostering shared decision-making between the different actors and user sectors.
SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS AND NATIVE VEGETATION COVER IN RURAL LANDS IN SÃO PAULO STATE, BRAZIL
Authors: LEITE MELINA DE SOUZA , SILVA JUNIOR JOAQUIM ALVES DA , CALABONI ADRIANE , IGARI ALEXANDRE TOSHIRO
Published: May 2020

Abstract This study investigated how farm size, economic activity and social group are related to declared native vegetation cover in rural lands in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, evaluating implications to environmental public policies. We analyzed data from Rural Environmental Registry System of São Paulo (SICAR-SP). More than one third of the farms does not have declared native vegetation and half of them have up to 3% of native vegetation cover. Percentage of declared native vegetation cover tends to increase with farm size. However, only community lands and silviculture farms larger than 500 hectares showed most properties (more than 50%) with at least 20% of its area covered with native vegetation, as determined by the Brazilian Forest Act (federal law 12,651/2012). Our results suggest that, beyond property size, property social group and economic activity are also important aspects to be considered into public policy design aiming at environmental conservation in rural landscapes.
BUILDING INDICATORS OF COMMUNITY RESILIENCE TO DISASTERS IN BRAZIL: A PARTICIPATORY APPROACH
Authors: CICCOTTI LARISSA , RODRIGUES ANGELA CASSIA , BOSCOV MARIA EUGENIA GIMENEZ , GÜNTHER WANDA MARIA RISSO
Published: May 2020

Abstract Community resilience is essential for disaster management and its measurement is necessary to support decision-making. This paper presents as first list of community resilience indicators for Brazilian municipalities, resulting from literature review, experts’ consulting and application of the Delphi method. The experts group consisted of public managers (43%) and researchers (57%). The study comprised six phases: conceptual framework selection; composition of the indicators list; elaboration of evaluation tool (Delphi method); selection and invitation to experts; evaluation of indicators; and data analysis. As a result, the importance of 101 indicators distributed in six dimensions (environmental; social; economic; institutional; infrastructure; social capital) achieved consensus among the experts after two rounds. In the first round, 98 indicators were submitted to the evaluation of 97 specialists, with the possibility of proposing new indicators, while in the second round the final list reached consensus among the 72 respondents. The Institutional and Infrastructure dimensions were predominant, evidencing the value of public policies and urban infrastructure for community resilience to disasters in the perception of Brazilian experts.
CONSERVATION OF GENETIC RESOURCES: A STUDY WITH MEDICINAL PLANTS ON THE COAST OF PARANÁ - BRAZIL
Authors: SILVA LUIZ EVERSON DA , AMARAL WANDERLEI DO , SILVA MARCOS MACHADO DA , OLIVEIRA ADRIANA LUCINDA DE
Published: May 2020

Abstract This study describes the use of native species of the Paraná Coastal. The work was carried out with traditional communities of the region with the objective of contemplating the genetic resources available in the forest, local cultural diversity and the sustainable use of natural resources. The approach taken to the interviewees followed a guideline, with information on the identification of respondents, data referring to Medicinal Plants and Non-Conventional Food Plants. There were 67 plants with some uses mentioned. It was identified that in the community 64% of the residents interviewed were retired and live on fishing and farming. It was observed that women have extensive knowledge about medicinal plants, men already know much more about tree species destined to the construction, either of boats or houses. It was verified the importance of the traditional knowledge about the medicinal plants for the discovery of bioactive compounds and income generation.
Exposição a agrotóxicos: estudo de base populacional em zona rural do sul do Brasil
Authors: Bortolotto Caroline Cardozo , Hirschmann Roberta , Martins-Silva Thais , Facchini Luiz Augusto
Published: May 2020

RESUMO: Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de exposição a agrotóxicos e fatores associados entre moradores de zona rural. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional realizado com 1.518 indivíduos, em 2016. Foram aleatoriamente selecionados 24 setores censitários de oito distritos rurais de Pelotas, RS. Indivíduos ≥ 18 anos residentes nos domicílios aleatoriamente selecionados eram elegíveis. Foi realizada análise descritiva e apresentada prevalência de contato com os agrotóxicos. A associação entre desfecho e variáveis independentes deu-se por regressão de Poisson, conforme modelo hierárquico. As variáveis foram ajustadas para todas do mesmo nível, além daquelas que foram mantidas no modelo do nível anterior e das com valor p < 0,20. Resultados: A prevalência de contato com agrotóxicos no último ano foi de 23,7%, e, entre esses participantes, 5,9% relataram intoxicação por agrotóxicos alguma vez na vida. A probabilidade de contato com agrotóxicos no último ano foi maior entre os homens (razão de prevalência - RP = 2,00; intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC95% 1,56 - 2,56); entre aqueles com idades entre 40 e 49 anos (RP = 1,44; IC95% 1,12 - 1,80); entre os menos escolarizados (RP = 2,06; IC95% 1,39 - 3,10); os que exerciam trabalho rural (RP = 2,87; IC95% 2,05 - 4,01); e aqueles que moraram na zona rural a vida inteira (RP = 1,28; IC95% 1,00 - 1,66). Conclusões: Aproximadamente um em cada quatro adultos da zona rural de Pelotas entrou em contato com agrotóxicos no ano anterior ao estudo. Os achados evidenciam a existência de desigualdades sociais relacionadas à exposição aos agrotóxicos e fornecem informações para ações visando à redução da exposição e intoxicação por esses produtos.