bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Black from White
Authors: de Leon Cedric
Published: November 2016

Drawing on primary and secondary sources on the nineteenth-century U.S. labor movement both nationally and in Chicago, I argue that the major postbellum labor federations foundered on the shoals of racial exclusion and evolved into a segregated movement; from there, black labor leaders took their appeal for civil rights to the Republican Party. The separation unfolded in three interrelated processes. The first was discursive: white labor leaders framed the civil rights struggle as past or already accomplished by the Civil War, and the fight against wage slavery as the natural successor struggle. The second was institutional: the labor movement split into white and black unions; black leaders then shifted strategy to focus on achieving civil rights through partisan channels. The third was local in nature: black workers were systematically excluded from the member organizations of the National Labor Union and Knights of Labor, and socially by white workers in general. Together these processes conspired to fracture the initially biracial labor movement into a white labor movement and a black civil rights movement.
“Actions Speak Louder Than Words”: Korean American Emerging Adults’ Perceptions and Meaning Making of Their Parents’ Instrumental Aspects of Parenting
Authors: Kang Hyeyoung , Shih Kristy
Published: November 2016

Drawing on semistructured interviews, this study explored 25 Korean American emerging adults’ experience of their parents’ parenting, focusing on the aspects of parenting they perceive as salient as well as their perceptions and interpretations of such experiences. The majority of our respondents highlighted instrumental aspects of their parents’ parenting which includes different ways that their parents provide instrumental tools for their well-being and success, such as material provision and service for children. Importantly, they attributed significant meaning to these parental actions. Youth’s recognition of and appreciation for their parents’ instrumental aspects of parenting was shaped by the immigrant family context as well as an increase in cultural understanding and perspective taking of their parents. Taken together, this study suggests the importance of examining sociocultural contexts of family processes to better understand experiences of youth from diverse immigrant and cultural groups.
Suicide and supervision
Authors: Borrill Jo , Cook Lisa , Beck Amy
Published: November 2016

Suicides by offenders in the community have been relatively under-researched in comparison with prison suicides. This study examined in-depth the events and experiences of 28 service users under probation supervision, based on continuous records from the start of their sentence to their death by suicide. The study presents novel findings through mapping suicidal behaviour onto the probation supervision process, and demonstrates the complex pathways leading to suicide in this population. Key issues identified include missed appointments, the impact of legal proceedings, changes in supervision, and the importance of recording risk.
The influence of anticipated regret on business start-up behaviour
Authors: Hatak Isabella , Snellman Kirsi
Published: November 2016

This research note aims to develop the emotional underpinning of early-stage entrepreneurship by examining the influence of anticipated regret, a negative emotion, on the transformation of latent entrepreneurs into nascent entrepreneurs. Drawing on regret regulation theory and two waves of survey data, the analysis demonstrates that anticipated regret manifests as a, feeling for doing, by pushing latent entrepreneurs towards engaging in business start-up behaviour. We conclude that negative emotions exert an important influence on behavioural regulation in early-stage entrepreneurship, fostering the transition from latent to nascent entrepreneurship.
Psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar mood disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Rucker James JH , Jelen Luke A , Flynn Sarah , Frowde Kyle D , Young Allan H
Published: November 2016

Unipolar mood disorders, including major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), confer high rates of disability and mortality and a very high socioeconomic burden. Current treatment is suboptimal in most cases and there is little of note in the pharmaceutical development pipeline. The psychedelic drugs, including lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin, were used extensively in the treatment of mood disorders, and other psychiatric conditions, before their prohibition in the late 1960s. They are relatively safe when used in medically controlled environments, with no reported risk of dependence. Here, we present a systematic review of published clinical treatment studies using psychedelics in patients with broadly defined UMD, and consider their place in psychiatry. Whilst all of the included studies have methodological shortcomings, of 423 individuals in 19 studies, 335 (79.2%) showed clinician-judged improvement after treatment with psychedelics. A recently completed pilot study in the UK favours the use of psilocybin with psychological support in treatment resistant depressive disorder. The evidence overall strongly suggests that psychedelics should be re-examined in modern clinical trials for their use in unipolar mood disorders and other non-psychotic mental health conditions.
Using Family Style Dining to Increase Social Interactions in Young Children
Authors: Locchetta Brandy M. , Barton Erin E. , Kaiser Ann
Published: November 2016

During family style dining (FSD), caregivers are encouraged to sit with children at the table to support, promote, and facilitate conversations. FSD is considered a best practice in child care and is encouraged by many early childhood agencies. However, there is no current research documenting the effects of FSD on mealtime interactions in the preschool environment. The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of FSD on the social interactions of preschool children during mealtime, and any subsequent changes in the rate of teacher directives and praise statements. Results demonstrated increases in the rates of initiations by target children when FSD was implemented; however, the increases across children were modest. Also, teachers’ rates of directives were not impacted by the use of FSD; that is, teachers’ rates of directives were the same, on average, when using and not using FSD.
Normal testes asymmetry evaluated by apparent diffusion coefficient and magnetization transfer ratio
Authors: Tsili Athina C , Ntorkou Alexandra , Giannakis Dimitrios , Sofikitis Nikolaos , Argyropoulou Maria I
Published: November 2016

Background

In humans, the left testis generally hangs lower than the right and the right is larger than the left. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents an important adjuvant modality in the investigation of testicular diseases.

Purpose

To assess if normal testes asymmetry is related to apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR).

Material and Methods

The normal testes from 106 men were included. Testicular volume (TV) was calculated by using the ellipsoid formula: length × width × height × 0.52. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed using a SS EPI diffusion pulse sequence and b-values of 0 and 900 s/mm−2. Magnetization transfer imaging was obtained using a 3D GRE sequence both with and without an off-resonance radiofrequency pulse. MTR maps were obtained by the following formula: (SIo–SIm) / (SIo) × 100%, where SIo and SIm represent the signal intensity in the baseline image and that in the corresponding image acquired with an off-resonance MT pulse, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of testicular volume (TV), ADC, and MTR of both testes was calculated and compared using a paired sample t-test.

Results

The mean TV (mL) was greater ( P = 0.006) for the right testis (16.77 ± 4.84) compared to the left (15.97 ± 4.45). ADC of the right testis (1.09 ± 0.12 × 10 − 3 mm2 s−1) was not different ( P = 0.064) from that of the left testis (1.07 ± 0.12 × 10−3 mm2 s−1). Differences ( P = 0.032) were observed between MTR of the right (46.6 ± 2.1%) and left testis (46.0 ± 2.2%).

Conclusion

The reported differences in paired testes size was confirmed, introducing a possible relationship with structural and functional asymmetry of normal testes, based on MTR.
Efficacy of triamcinolone acetate and methylprednisolone acetonide for intrabursal injection after ultrasound-guided percutaneous treatment in painful shoulder calcific tendonitis: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Battaglia Milva , Guaraldi Federica , Gori Davide , Castiello Emanuela , Arvat Emanuela , Sudanese Alessandra
Published: November 2016

Background

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous irrigation of calcific tendinopathy (US-PICT) with intrabursal steroid injection is an elective treatment for painful rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy.

Purpose

To compare the efficacy of post-US-PICT intrabursal 40 mg injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) versus methylprednisolone acetate (MA).

Material and Methods

Forty patients (22 women; mean age 48.7 ± 7.2 years) with painful shoulder calcific tendinopathy, treated with TA or MA injected intrabursally after US-PICT, were included in this randomized controlled trial. At baseline and after 1, 7, 15, 30, 45, and 180 days, patients underwent US and clinical examination, using Constant (CS) and VAS (VS) scores. Complications and analgesic use were also recorded.

Results

Compared to baseline, at the 45-day follow-up, TA and MA group showed a similar improvement (Δ) in CS (42 ± 10 versus 36 ± 9 points) and VS (−4.4 ± 1.3 versus −3.6 ± 1.3 points). At the 180-day follow-up, the improvement was higher in TA versus MA (ΔCS: 53 ± 7 versus 44 ± 7 points; ΔVS: −4.9 ± 1.1 versus −3.9 ± 1 points). Multivariate analysis showed a mean CS higher ( P = 0.02) in TA versus MA group, while VS was similar. TA had a 5 × higher ( P = 0.007) chance of reaching complete remission (CS = 100 points) than MA group. A progressive decrease in analgesic use, concomitant to a significant and similar reduction of bursitis and calcifications, was observed in both groups. No major complications occurred.

Conclusion

Two-needle US-PICT with intrabursal steroid injection is safe and effective. The chance of reaching better scores and, even more important for a clinical perspective, of functional recovery, is higher in patients treated with TA than MA.
Tubal patency during the menstrual cycle and during treatment with hormonal contraceptives: a pilot study in women
Authors: Jensen Jeffrey T , Patil Eva , Seguin Jacqueline , Thurmond Amy
Published: November 2016

Background

Hysterosalpingram (HSG) evaluation of tubal patency is typically performed in the follicular phase, but data to support this timing are lacking.

Purpose

To determine whether menstrual cycle phase or hormonal treatments affect observation of tubal patency during HSG.

Material and Methods

Ten participants underwent repeated HSG examinations: during the follicular and luteal phase of a natural menstrual cycle; 30 days following continuous administration of a combined oral contraceptive (COC); and 30 days after an intramuscular injection of depo medroxyprogesterone (DMPA) acetate. Participants with tubal blockade following DMPA had a fifth HSG 30 days following a second course of COCs. The primary outcome was tubal patency.

Results

All 10 participants demonstrated bilateral tubal patency (BTP) on at least one HSG examination during the study. One participant showed bilateral functional occlusion (FO) during the follicular phase examination, but BTP with the luteal phase, COC cycle, and DMPA exams. One participant with BTP discontinued participation and nine completed the COC HSG exam with BTP in seven, and one each with bilateral or unilateral FO. Seven participants completed the DMPA HSG with BTP in six and unilateral FO in one; BTP was seen in the final HSG after restarting the COC.

Conclusion

This pilot study supports the luteal phase of natural cycles as the optimum time for evaluation of tubal patency. The occurrence of functional occlusion of the fallopian tube on HSG examination performed during the follicular phase and following contraceptive steroid treatment supports a role of hormonal action on the utero-tubal junction.
Effects of thyroid hormone withdrawal on metabolic and cardiovascular parameters during radioactive iodine therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: An Jee Hyun , Song Kee-Ho , Kim Dong-Lim , Kim Suk Kyeong
Published: November 2016

Objective

To investigate the cardiometabolic effects of a severe hypothyroid state induced by withdrawal of thyroid hormone replacement before radioactive iodine therapy.

Methods

Patients with thyroid cancer who were scheduled to receive radioactive iodine ablation were enrolled. Cardiometabolic parameters were measured using blood samples taken immediately before levothyroxine withdrawal, 4 weeks following withdrawal (on radiotherapy day), and 4 weeks following reinstitution of levothyroxine.

Results

Out of 48 patients (age 49.4 ± 10.5 years; 77.1% [37/48] female), the severe hypothyroid state induced by levothyroxine withdrawal significantly aggravated the majority of lipid parameters, particularly in patients with a greater number of metabolic syndrome components. Fasting plasma glucose levels and homeostatic model assessment values for insulin resistance and β-cell function significantly decreased following levothyroxine withdrawal. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and cystatin C levels significantly decreased, and homocysteine levels increased during the severe hypothyroid state. All of these changes were reversed by levothyroxine reinstitution.

Conclusions

Severe hypothyroid state induced pronounced changes in cardiometabolic parameters. Further studies should identify the long-term effects of changes in these parameters on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in relation to thyroid disease.
SERPINE1 -844 and -675 polymorphisms and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a Chinese Han population
Authors: Xu Xia , Wang Hongchao , Li Haijun , Cui Xiaopei , Zhang Hongyu
Published: November 2016

Objective

To investigate the association between serpin family E member 1 ( SERPINE1) -844 A/G and -675 4G/5G polymorphisms and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a Chinese Han population.

Method

SERPINE1 -844 A/G and -675 4G/5G polymorphisms were assessed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism sequencing of genomic DNA from patients with COPD and healthy smoking controls.

Results

Out of 140 patients with COPD and 100 controls, all SERPINE1 -844 and -675 polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Differences in SERPINE1 -675 4G and 5G allele frequencies were statistically significant between the COPD and control groups (odds ratio [OR] 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00, 2.09), but there was no significant between-group difference in SERPINE1 -844 A and G allele frequencies. The SERPINE1 -675 4G/4G genotype was associated with COPD (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.06, 3.32 [binary logistic regression]). Haplotype analysis showed that COPD was associated with SERPINE1 -844G/4G (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.32, 3.38) and SERPINE1 -844G/5G (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.45, 0.95).

Conclusion

The SERPINE1 -675 polymorphism, but not SERPINE1 -844 polymorphism, was associated with susceptibility to COPD in a Chinese Han population.
Taccaoside induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Sun Yuewen , Qiu Hanchen , Ou Mingchun , Chen Runli , Liang Gang
Published: November 2016

Objective

Taccaoside, a steroidal saponin, has been shown to be cytotoxic, although the mechanism of cytotoxicity remains unclear. This study examined the effect of taccaoside on the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines SMMC-7721 and Bel-7404.

Methods

The antiproliferative effect of taccaoside were measured using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cells were stained with Hoechst 33258 to observe morphology. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analysed by flow cytometry. Caspase activation was detected using specific assays, and PARP, Bax and Bcl-2 expression were analysed using western blotting.

Results

Taccaoside showed antiproliferative effect on HCC cell lines growth in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Taccaoside arrested cell cycle in the G2/M phase and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis. Western blotting indicated that taccaoside upregulated Bax expression and downregulated Bcl-2 expression. PARP cleavage was observed following taccaoside treatment.

Conclusions

This study showed that taccaoside may inhibit HCC cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis.
Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Stanley Laura , Kellermanns Franz W. , Zellweger Thomas M.
Published: November 2016

We demonstrate how latent profile analysis (LPA) can be applied to generate profiles (i.e., homogenous subgroups) in a sample of family firms. In doing so, we highlight how LPA can provide additional insight into family firm phenomena when used in conjunction with other methodological approaches (i.e., regression). We compare LPA with other techniques (i.e., cluster analysis and qualitative comparative analysis) and show LPA’s superior ability to capture complex patterns of important family firm characteristics. We demonstrate how profiles can be linked to differences in dependent variables, providing family firm scholars with a tool to assess heterogeneity and its consequences among family firms.
Sample size calculation for agreement between two raters with binary endpoints using exact tests
Authors: Shan Guogen
Published: November 2016

In an agreement test between two raters with binary endpoints, existing methods for sample size calculation are always based on asymptotic approaches that use limiting distributions of a test statistic under null and alternative hypotheses. These calculated sample sizes may be not reliable due to the unsatisfactory type I error control of asymptotic approaches. We propose a new sample size calculation based on exact approaches which control for the type I error rate. The two exact approaches are considered: one approach based on maximization and the other based on estimation and maximization. We found that the latter approach is generally more powerful than the one based on maximization. Therefore, we present the sample size calculation based on estimation and maximization. A real example from a clinical trial to diagnose low back pain of patients is used to illustrate the two exact testing procedures and sample size determination.
Culturally Tailored Diabetes Education for Chinese Patients: A Qualitative Case Study
Authors: Choi Tammie S. T. , Walker Karen Z. , Palermo Claire
Published: November 2016

Purpose: To explore the range of teaching approaches and cultural-tailoring elements used in diabetes educations directed at Chinese patients and to determine the strategies that appeared to best address Chinese patients’ needs. Design: A case study approach in three countries was employed, using multiple ethnographic data collection methods including participant observations and qualitative interviews. Findings: Data were collected from 39 participant observations and 22 interviews across seven cases. Collective didactic education was most common. Individual clarification at the end of an education session was used to allow patients to derive their own management plan. Clinicians mainly provided information and used knowledge reinforcement to facilitate behavioral change. Participatory diabetes education models borrowed from the West did not translate well culturally and did not appear to meet Chinese patients’ needs. Conclusion and Practical Implications: Diabetes education for the Chinese may be enhanced by building on traditional Confucian education strategies.
Assessing the Influence of Property Tax Delinquency and Foreclosures on Residential Property Sales
Authors: Carroll Deborah A. , Goodman Christopher B.
Published: November 2016

We examine the influence of property tax delinquency on the sale price of nearby homes from 2002 to 2013 using more than 46,000 residential property sales in a representative midwestern central city—Milwaukee, Wisconsin. After controlling for a number of property and neighborhood characteristics including nearby foreclosures, we find property tax delinquency has a significant influence on nearby home sales. The relationship is negative; one additional tax delinquent property within 250 m of a home sale is associated with a discounted sale price of 0.79% or approximately $1,085 on average. In addition, the influence of tax delinquent properties on home sale prices diminishes with distance, suggesting blight is the source of the discount. Based on these findings, the negative influence of tax delinquency is likely to be exacerbated in central cities where housing density is greater and delinquency is higher and more persistent than the surrounding suburbs, which has the potential to lead to fiscal distress as property taxes are the primary revenue source for cities. As such, we suggest a two-tiered approach for cities to mitigate the negative consequences of tax delinquency: a combination of policies to eliminate delinquency and also to help homeowners become financially stable.
The Future of Frontline Research
Authors: Rafaeli Anat , Altman Daniel , Gremler Dwayne D. , Huang Ming-Hui , Grewal Dhruv , Iyer Bala , Parasuraman A. , de Ruyter Ko
Published: November 2016

This article contains a set of six invited commentaries written by leading scholars, expressing varied perspectives on the future of frontline research and on the frontline domain itself. The article accompanies the Journal of Service Research special issue on organizational frontlines. In their commentaries, the authors share insightful views on areas of personal interest ranging from employee emotion and customer relationship building to the effect of technology and its implementation at the organizational frontline. Included within each commentary are managerial insights and suggestions for needed research in the highlighted area.
How can the loggerhead sea-turtle survive? Exploring the journeys of the Caretta caretta using ANT and critical realism
Authors: O’Mahoney Joe , O’Mahoney Hannah , Al-Amoudi Ismael
Published: November 2016

The endangered loggerhead sea-turtle ( Caretta caretta) nests on the shores of the Mediterranean, but faces threats to its existence from a variety of sources. Answering the question of how this species can survive is complex as it involves examining the relationships between the turtle, its natural environment, local tourists, property developers, conservation organisations, governments and law-makers. We argue that actor-network theory provides a powerful methodology for tracing these relations and identifying crucial actors which enable the survival of this animal. Using a rich ethnography and drawing on insights from 116 interviews, we trace three actor-networks that highlight factors important to the survival of the species. Yet, we also highlight the conceptual difficulties that result from using an actor-network theory ontology for understanding socio-ecological interactions and argue that these may be ameliorated by embedding the actor-network theory methodology within a critical realist ontology. We argue that this engagement between critical realism and actor-network theory offers researchers a powerful method for understanding relations between socio-ecological actors while overcoming some of the theoretical difficulties of actor-network theory.
Intimate standards: Medical knowledge and self-making in digital transgender groups
Authors: Psihopaidas Demetrios
Published: November 2016

Although recent scholarship focuses on the increasing significance of processes of standardization in contemporary social life, much less attention has been given to how standardization impacts intimate life, and how intimate standards are made meaningful in interaction. This article draws from participant observation in online transgender groups to examine how the medical standardization of transsexuality, known as the ‘wrong-body’ model, impacts the way users understand and communicate their gendered self. I show how rather than simply adopting the wrong-body model, participants use its language and logic in ironic and playful ways that carve out spaces for ways of knowing the self that feel authentically their own. This case shows how intimate standards become part of the language of the self in ways that may be unexpected.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease phenotypes using cluster analysis of electronic medical records
Authors: Vazquez Guillamet Rodrigo , Ursu Oleg , Iwamoto Gary , Moseley Pope L , Oprea Tudor
Published: November 2016

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a heterogeneous disease. In this retrospective study, we hypothesize that it is possible to identify clinically relevant phenotypes by applying clustering methods to electronic medical records. We included all the patients >40 years with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to the University of New Mexico Hospital between 1 January 2011 and 1 May 2014. We collected admissions, demographics, comorbidities, severity markers and treatments. A total of 3144 patients met the inclusion criteria: 46 percent were >65 years and 52 percent were males. The median Charlson score was 2 (interquartile range: 1–4) and the most frequent comorbidities were depression (36%), congestive heart failure (25%), obesity (19%), cancer (19%) and mild liver disease (18%). Using the sphere exclusion method, nine clusters were obtained: depression–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebrovascular disease–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, malignancy–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, advanced malignancy–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus–chronic kidney disease–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, young age–few comorbidities–high readmission rates–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atopy–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and advanced disease–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These clusters will need to be validated prospectively.
The problem of technological integration and geosocial cruising in Seoul
Authors: McGuire Matthew Leyshon
Published: November 2016

In this article, I challenge a focus in digital anthropology on the integration of media into everyday life. Korean queer men’s experience on geosocial applications suggests that integration is not a neutral methodology but is rather a locally negotiated concern, a management of the connection between spaces. I use the example of the sauna to illustrate that the urban structure of Seoul is frequently orientated around semi-public rooms or bang that are imagined as insulated from the rest of society. The rise of geosocial cruising applications, with their tendency to connect and unite arenas that should be kept apart, have resulted in anxiety over the exposure of men to an uncontrollable totality of social relations.
Conditions of sense making and news making in Turkey after the failed coup attempt: Sisyphus labor on two fronts
Authors: Akin Altug
Published: November 2016

Turkey has been experiencing events with major impacts on almost all areas of life, including journalism, since the failed coup attempt of 15 July. Since then, the public’s access to healthy news by the public and news making by journalists/news organizations have become increasingly crucial, yet complex operations. This article focuses on the 2 months after failed coup attempt, from the events that took place in the very first hours of the coup attempt, which are presented and discussed from media and communication perspective. This is followed by a detailed critical examination of consequently declared state of emergency in relation to news and news organizations. Then, post-coup attempt situation in Turkey is contextualized in a global tendency, namely, increasing complexity in sense making as journalistic institutions’ public service roles deteriorate.
Core References in Introductory Social Psychology and Developmental Psychology Textbooks
Authors: Whitehead George I. , Smith Stephanie H. , Losonczy-Marshall Marta
Published: November 2016

The purpose of the present study was to identify the core references in introductory textbooks in two sub-disciplines of psychology: social psychology and developmental psychology. One research question was the extent to which the common references in these textbooks present the trends in contemporary research in each sub-discipline. An analysis of the reference sections of 10 introductory social psychology textbooks and 15 developmental psychology textbooks found a small set of common references for each subject area. The results yielded three additional effects. First, there were more common references across social psychology textbooks than across developmental psychology textbooks. Second, authors of social psychology textbooks used journal articles as common references more often than books, whereas authors of developmental psychology textbooks used books as common references more than journal articles. Third, the majority of the core references were published prior to 2000. Implications of these findings for teachers of psychology were discussed.
Telop, Affect, and Media Design: A Multimodal Analysis of Japanese TV Programs
Authors: Sasamoto Ryoko , O’Hagan Minako , Doherty Stephen
Published: November 2016

Japanese and other Asian TV producers have been deploying multi-colored, and highly visible, intra-lingual captions on TV programs to enhance their appeal and to influence their viewers’ interpretations. The practice of adding these captions is far from innocent and is prone to abuse and overuse due to the lack of official guidelines and an evidence base. We conducted a multimodal analysis within the framework of relevance theory to provide an empirically supported insight into the way in which these captions, known as “telop” in Japan, form part of a production’s deliberate and careful media design. Our findings suggest that telop are deployed in conjunction with other communicative resources that are deliberately used to influence viewers’ interpretations, to enhance and make affective values in TV programs more explicit. The increasing use of diegetically integrated captions elsewhere further justifies the need for critical TV and new media research on telop.
Psychometrics of the Psychological Wellbeing and Distress Screener: A Brief Measure of Youth’s Bidimensional Mental Health
Authors: Renshaw Tyler L. , Bolognino Sarah J.
Published: November 2016

The present study reports on the psychometric defensibility of the Psychological Wellbeing and Distress Screener (PWDS), which is a 10-item self-report behavior rating scale for measuring youth’s bidimensional (also known as dual-factor or two-continua) mental health. The PWDS was developed using preexisting items within the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) self-report survey, and the present study used the 2009–2010 HBSC sample of U.S. youth in Grades 5 to 10 ( N = 12,642). Findings from two phases of data analyses, using random split-half subsamples, identified and confirmed a two-factor latent structure for the PWDS, with one scale measuring psychological wellbeing and the other psychological distress. Results also showed that the wellbeing and distress factors were invariant across grade, race/ethnicity, and residence classifications but not across gender. Implications for future research and potential practice are discussed.
Preliminary Development and Validation of the Mindful Student Questionnaire
Authors: Renshaw Tyler L.
Published: November 2016

Research validating mindfulness-based interventions with youths and in schools is growing, yet research validating measures of youths’ mindfulness in schools has received far less empirical attention. The present study makes the case for and reports on the preliminary development and validation of a new, 15-item, multidimensional, self-report measure of youths’ mindfulness that is closely connected with theory and specifically targeted to school settings: the Mindful Student Questionnaire (MSQ). The MSQ was piloted with a target sample of 278 adolescents in Grades 6 to 8 and subjected to a series of structural and convergent validity analyses. Findings indicated that responses to the MSQ were characterized by a theoretically coherent three-factor latent structure—representing mindful attention, mindful acceptance, and approach and persistence behavior—and that resulting scale scores were characterized by robust internal consistency and positive concurrent associations with criterion indicators of student subjective wellbeing and academic achievement. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Does Corticospinal Tract Connectivity Influence the Response to Intensive Bimanual Therapy in Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy?
Authors: Smorenburg Ana R. P. , Gordon Andrew M. , Kuo Hsing-Ching , Ferre Claudio L. , Brandao Marina , Bleyenheuft Yannick , Carmel Jason B. , Friel Kathleen M.
Published: November 2016

Background. Reorganization of the corticospinal tract (CST) can occur in unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP). The affected hand can be controlled via (1) typical contralateral projections from the lesioned hemisphere, (2) ipsilateral projections from the nonlesioned hemisphere, and (3) a combination of contralateral and ipsilateral projections (ie, bilateral). Intensive bimanual therapy and constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) improve hand function of children with USCP. Earlier it was suggested that the CST connectivity pattern may influence the efficacy of CIMT. Objective. To examine whether CST projection pattern influences the efficacy of intensive bimanual therapy in children with USCP. Participants. Thirty-three children with USCP (age 8.9 ± 2.6 years, 16 females). Methods. Bimanual therapy was provided in a day-camp setting (90 hours). Participants were involved in different bimanual play and functional activities actively engaging both hands. Hand function was tested before and after the intervention with the Jebsen-Taylor Test of Hand Function, Assisting Hand Assessment, ABILHAND-Kids, and the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to determine each child’s CST projection pattern (ie, ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral). Results. Children whose affected hand was controlled only by ipsilateral CST projections had worse Jebsen-Taylor Test of Hand Function and Assisting Hand Assessment scores than children in the contralateral group at baseline. Bimanual hand use and functional hand use was independent of CST projection pattern. After bimanual therapy, improvements on all outcome measures were observed, and these improvements were independent of the CST connectivity pattern. Conclusion. The efficacy of bimanual therapy on hand function in children with USCP appears to be independent of CST connectivity pattern.
Improved delay-dependent consensus stability criteria of high-order multi-agent systems with time delays
Authors: Ge Chao , Li Wei , Zhang Shuqing , Shi Caijuan
Published: November 2016

This paper studies the consensus of high-order multi-agent systems with communication time delays. In order to get the maximum allowable delay bound, an approach of system transformations is introduced. Through transformation the consensus problem is converted to the robust stability problem of some uncertain state-delayed system. The proposed method employs an improved vector Wirtinger-type inequality for constructing a novel Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional. Based on the Lyapunov stable theory, new sufficient conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities which contain the feedback gain condition and delay condition are given to guarantee the average consensus under fixed topology and switching connected topologies, respectively. Maximum allowable delay bounds are further obtained for both systems. As long as the delays are less than this bound, there exist linear feedback consensus protocols driving the multi-agent system to achieve consensus. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by numerical examples.
On the Cusp
Authors: Guthrie George E.
Published: November 2016

A new president is stepping into leadership at the American College of Lifestyle Medicine (ACLM). Opportunities abound. The fact that both diabetes and heart disease are reversible is a message that is not reaching the majority of the general public. But times are changing and lifestyle treatment is on the cusp of being accepted as the self-evident best treatment for chronic medical conditions. ACLM is poised to be the leader in this area. Our members passion and experience are our richest resources. Each member is encouraged to be involved with the different committees of ACLM. Choices include Conference Planning, Education, Research, practice Models, Publications, Awards, Business Development, Membership Development, Strategic Partnerships, Marketing and Communications.
Community intellectual disability nurses’ public health roles in the United Kingdom: An exploratory documentary analysis
Authors: Mafuba Kay , Gates Bob , Cozens Maria
Published: November 2016

The aim of this study was to explore how public health policy in the United Kingdom was reflected in community intellectual disability nurses’ (CIDNs)’ job descriptions and person’s specifications. The role of CIDNs has evolved due to policy changes. As these roles evolve, job descriptions and person specifications are important in highlighting employer’s expectations staff, priorities, and professional values of their employees. This study involved an exploratory documentary analysis of n = 203 CIDNs’ job descriptions and person specifications in the context of role theory. The CIDNs’ public health roles identified in this study are health education, health protection, health prevention, health surveillance, and health promotion. Key policies themes were intellectual disability health access, public health strategies, policy evaluation/redesign, and public health policy. There is a lack of public health role clarity and inconsistency in role expectations across organizational boundaries in the United Kingdom.
A co-created journey: Designing a college-wide graduate certificate program in social justice education
Authors: Thurston Linda P , Yelich Biniecki Susan M
Published: November 2016

A strengths assessment of the College of Education at Kansas State University in the United States showed that a majority of faculty had strong interests in social justice issues in education. The need for providing continuing post-graduate education in social justice education with theory-to-practice relevancy is critical in formal and informal lifelong learning initiatives. Over the course of 2 years, a social justice education graduate certificate program was co-created by college faculty from all departments. This article explores the content and structure of the program as well as the collaborative development process. Barriers, assets, and lessons learned are discussed to suggest approaches for other colleges.
Magnetic resonance imaging investigation of radio-lunate relations: use in assessing distal radial fracture reduction
Authors: Medlock G. , Wohlgemut J. M. , Stevenson I. M. , Johnstone A. J.
Published: November 2016

Reformatted magnetic resonance imaging scans of 27 normal wrists were examined in incremental degrees of rotation around the central axis of the radial shaft to 30° in both directions from true lateral. A line was superimposed on the outer border of the radial dorsal cortex and continued distally to the carpal region. Measurements were made from the superior pole of the lunate to this line. This distance did not change significantly with rotation. This allows a quick and accurate way of assessing distal radial fracture reduction from poorly taken lateral radiographs. In addition, the relevant landmarks are not obscured by implants or casts.

Level of evidence: III, diagnostic study
A Note on Drawing Conclusions in the Study of Visual Search and the Use of Slopes in Particular
Authors: Townsend James T.
Published: November 2016

The slope of the set size function as a critical statistic first gained favor in the 1960s due in large part to the seminal papers on short-term memory search by Saul Sternberg and soon, many others. In the 1980s, the slope statistic reemerged in much the same role in visual search as Anne Treisman and again, soon many others brought that research topic into great prominence. This note offers the historical and current perspective of the present author, who has devoted a significant portion of his theoretical efforts to this and related topics over the past 50 years.
Let’s Play: Exploring literacy practices in an emerging videogame paratext
Authors: Burwell Catherine , Miller Thomas
Published: November 2016

This article explores the literacy practices associated with Let’s Play videos (or LPs) on YouTube. A hybrid of digital gaming and video, LPs feature gameplay footage accompanied by simultaneous commentary recorded by the player. Players may set out to promote, review, critique or satirize a game. In recent years, LPs have become hugely popular with young audiences, and currently make up over half the top hundred channels on YouTube. The authors identify LPs as emerging videogame paratexts with pedagogical potential. In particular, they ask how LPs function as sites of new literacies. They answer that question by discussing two key characteristics of LP practices: their emphasis on processes of meaning-making within games; and their mobilization of literacies associated with remix and appropriation. The final section of the article explores how LP practices might inform literacy instruction in schools.
Nurse Educators’ Occupational and Leisure Sitting Time
Authors: Sturgeon Lizbeth P. , Garrett-Wright Dawn , Main Eve , Blackburn Donna , Jones M. Susan
Published: November 2016

Prolonged sitting time (ST) is a risk factor for all-cause mortality, independent of physical activity. Nurse educators are particularly at risk due to limited physical activity, older age, and the increasing use of computers. This descriptive correlational study was designed to explore the ST of nurse educators in relation to their self-reported health status and general health indicators. A convenience sample of 56 nurse educators was recruited, and participants completed demographic items, general health questions, and the Workforce Sitting Questionnaire (WSQ; Chau, van der Ploeg, Dunn, Kurko, & Bauman, 2011). More than one half of the participants were either overweight or obese based on their body mass index (BMI). Sitting time domains for “watching TV” on a non-working day ( r = 1.00) and during “other leisure activities” on a non-working day ( r = 1.00) were associated with a current diagnosis of diabetes. These findings add to an understanding of the effects of ST on health risks for nurse educators.
Pelvic-Spinal Analysis and the Impact of Onabotulinum toxin A Injections on Spinal Balance in one Child With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Chaléat-Valayer Emmanuelle , Bernard Jean-Claude , Deceuninck Julie , Roussouly Pierre
Published: November 2016

Background:

In children with cerebral palsy, primary (eg, abnormal muscle tone and weakness) and secondary impairments (eg, contractures) can modify pelvic-spinal alignment. The main aim of this article was to establish a new approach to pelvic-spinal analysis in children with cerebral palsy, taking into account the whole pelvis-spine complex, illustrated by a case study.

Methods:

This is a case study of an ambulatory child with cerebral palsy (spastic diplegia) who underwent analysis of the pelvic-spine complex from X-ray images taken in standing position from C2 to the proximal femur. Pelvic shape was characterized by the pelvic incidence angle, which is the sum of sacral slope and pelvic tilt, before and after the treatment by regular onabotulinumtoxinA injections into the hip flexors, and the use of soft lumbar brace over 5 years.

Results:

The sagittal balance of the spine was improved following the treatment, with a reduction in lumbar lordosis and sacral slope. The reduction in lumbar hyperextension likely reduced the risk of spondylolysis, low back pain, and degenerative spondylolisthesis in adulthood.

Conclusion:

A biomechanical approach to the evaluation of the pelvic-spinal complex offers new perspectives to increase the understanding of spinal balance in children with cerebral palsy, providing more options for treatment, such as onabotulinumtoxinA.
Care Pathways in Persistent Orofacial Pain
Authors: Breckons M. , Bissett S.M. , Exley C. , Araujo-Soares V. , Durham J.
Published: November 2016

Persistent orofacial pain is relatively common and known to have an adverse effect on quality of life. Previous studies suggest that the current care pathway may be problematic, but it is not well understood which health services patients access and what their experience is. The aim of this study was to explore care pathways and their impact from the perspective of patients. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a maximum variation sample of patients recruited from primary (community based) and secondary (specialist hospital based) care in the United Kingdom. Questions focused on the stages in their pathway and the impact of the care that they had received. Interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim, and analysis followed principles of the constant comparative method. NVivo 10 was used to help organize and analyze data. Twenty-two patients were interviewed at baseline, and 18 took part in a second interview at 12 mo. Three main themes emerged from the data: the “fluidity of the care pathway,” in which patients described moving among health care providers in attempts to have their pain diagnosed and managed, occurring alongside a “failure to progress,” where despite multiple appointments, patients described frustration at delays in obtaining a diagnosis and effective treatment for their pain. Throughout their care pathways, patients described the “effects of unmanaged pain,” where the longer the pain went unmanaged, the greater its potential to negatively affect their lives. Findings of this study suggest that the current care pathway is inefficient and fails to meet patient needs. Future work needs to focus on working with stakeholder groups to redesign patient-centered care pathways.

Knowledge Transfer Statement: Data from qualitative interviews conducted with patients with persistent orofacial pain suggest significant problems with the existing care pathway, consisting of delays to diagnosis, treatment, and referral. Patients describing their struggle to progress through the current care pathway highlighted the difficulties occurring while living with orofacial pain. This study suggests a need for a revised care pathway, which better meets the needs of people with persistent orofacial pain.