bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Grinberg Keila
Published: January 2022

This book uses Antonio Pereira Rebouças’s story to analyze the ways in which slavery and race shaped the concepts of law, citizenship, and liberalism in post-independence Brazil. Born to a white father and free Black mother, Rebouças’s rise to prominence, despite his background, represents historic liberalism. Grinberg takes slavery’s profound effect on Brazilian society as a given and argues the Brazilian population—especially Afro-Brazilians—began to exert pressure for the recognition of their rights to citizenship with independence from Portugal. Part 1 examines Rebouças’s education, paying particular attention to the conflicts faced by those who crossed the border between citizens and non-citizens. Part 2 examines his political-parliamentary work and the conversative politics that restricted the possibilities of access to citizenship rights. Part 3 examines the efforts of jurists and politicians of Rebouças’s generation to write legal codes that corresponded to the new social relations of an independent Brazil.
Terribly Anarchic Words
Authors: Grinberg Keila
Published: January 2022

The election of 1842 marked a turning point in the decline of the generation of independence and the rise of Brazil-educated lawyers. Liberals and conservatives of the Regresso disagreed over the direction the Brazilian Empire should take and the future of slavery in Brazil. Due to his stance race should not be a determining criterion, Rebouças became more politically isolated as national politics became more conservative in the 1840s. The liberalism Rebouças advocated for, which prioritized civil rights, had fallen out of favor with liberals of the 1830s and 1840s.
At the Edge of the Civil Code
Authors: Grinberg Keila
Published: January 2022

In 1859, Rebouças and Augusto Teixeira de Freitas engaged in a polemical dispute over the creation of Brazilian civic law. The debate, in part, concerned the transition from slavery to freedom and acquiring civil rights in Brazil. The two men disagreed on the laws and recognition surrounding manumission. However, all of Rebouças’s arguments were based in his belief in slavery’s legitimacy and the freedom of slaves as an individual matter.
Black Women Refugees
Authors: Glymph Thavolia
Published: January 2022

Enslaved women acted on the belief that the war was about slavery and that their freedom was in the balance. They persisted in their efforts to build communities that stood as sites of resistance against both Confederate attack and Union policies that discouraged their search for and experience of freedom. Long before the Emancipation Proclamation, enslaved women put emancipation on the nation’s wartime agenda by making their own “actual freedom.” The path to “actual freedom” was deeply gendered due to the policies and orders coming from the Union Army and U.S. Congress that stipulated the gendered terms that circumscribed black women’s freedom. These policies sent enslaved women on a path to freedom distinct from that of enslaved men. Enslaved women experienced a gendered “actual freedom” in refugee camps, through their labor, and through violence.
The Indigenous Dawn
Authors: Navarro Luis Hernández
Published: January 2022

In response to the exploitation of their land by drug cartels, the indigenous Nahua people formed a self-defense group. The Ostula Manifesto, declared in 2009 in Michoacán, proclaimed a right to indigenous self-defense and is of historical importance to the history of indigenous struggle in Mexico. Other indigenous groups throughout the area claimed the Ostula Manifesto and began forming self-defense systems to protect themselves.
The Uprising
Authors: Navarro Luis Hernández
Published: January 2022

On February 24, 2013, armed civilians from Tepalcatepec and Buena Vista in Michoacán revolted against the Knights Templar cartel. The uprising resulted in the arrest of many Templar cartel members and thus considered a success. However, after it ended, a complicated war broke out between the autodefensas and Templars in which police forces and state and federal governments played various and contradictory roles.
The Factory
Authors: Hale Grace Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

The chapter focuses on the career and lives of the B-52’s. It opens with Hale’s recollections of meeting Jeremy Ayers of the B-52’s. Ayers, like other suburban and small-town kids who lived in the university town, modeled an essential bohemian act—he made his life into art. Cross-dressing and drag were an important part of the “scene” in both Athens and New York, where many members of the “scene” had connections. Athens was a place, like New York or San Francisco, that drew “small-town eccentrics,” and it started to reflect their sensibilities and interests. By the mid-1980s, what was happening in Athens proved that people did not have to move to the big city to live an alternative life. The B-52’s started finding success in New York—playing to and with their audiences’ expectations about southerners. With their lyrics, performances, and music videos, the band also managed to buck the growing conservatism that was shutting down the seventies’ sexual revolution.
Roads Not Taken in the Early Years of the Republic
Authors: Darity William A.
Published: January 2022

At the end of the American Revolution, the United States arrived at a major fork in the road. At this crucial moment, the United States had the possibility of ending slavery and producing African American citizenship. This chapter examines how this struggle for independence from Great Britain was a moment of possibilities that were summarily forsaken.
A Program of Black Reparations
Authors: Darity William A.
Published: January 2022

Building on the previous chapter, this final chapter outlines the potential structure of an actual reparations program and offers a detailed description of how best to enact a reparations program. The last two chapters taken together supply a systemic response to the customary logistical concerns raised about black reparations.
Scaling the Wall
Authors: Farber Paul M.
Published: January 2022

From the late 1960s through mid-1980s, Japanese American sculptor Shinkichi Tajiri taught as an expatriate art professor in West Berlin and extensively documented the wall during its process of structural revamping and aesthetic makeover. His photographic survey brought him closer to his family’s history of internment during WWII and his experience as a veteran while experiencing racial hostility. His project, The Wall Die Mauer Le Mur (1971), represented the Wall as an architectural symbol of a divided world and the partitions suggestive of the history of the United States. This chapter explores how Tajiri’s survey of the Wall with an eye toward its unwieldy structural qualities and exploration of his own artistic and expatriate identity led him to considerations of American power and presence by the Berlin Wall. This approach drew on the interlinked historical experiences, artistic practices, and architectural evolutions of the border. The chapter ends by exploring Tajiri’s multiple approaches to documenting the Berlin Wall, including film and images. His recurrent focus on the border signage of the American sectors brings his experience as an artist and soldier in relation to the effects of U.S. militarism.
Midnight Crossings
Authors: Farber Paul M.
Published: January 2022

In 1984, poet Audra Lorde came to West Berlin with questions about U.S. geopolitics in an era of reaccelerated Cold War tensions and antagonisms as well as growing frustration with U.S. military incursions abroad and social divides at home. Lorde established divided Berlin as a place of return as she built on previously uncharted diasporic solidarities and created forms of poetry that transcended borders between women writers. Her book, Our Dead Behind Us (1986), as well as other poetry, journal entries, and prose marked her first of many attempts to render the divided city as a space of critical connection that was ripe for intervention. This chapter reads her publicly circulating work in order to view how multiple layers of revision and editorial selection inform her geopolitical views—for example, how, when, and if Lorde depicts the Berlin Wall in order to reflect on broader themes and moments she encounters in her time in divided Berlin. Lorde’s poetry can be understood in conversation with broader discourses on memory and border politics.
The Second Year
Authors: Hill-Saya Blake
Published: January 2022

Moore’s second year at Leonard was also the year after the school had graduated its first class of Black physicians. It was also the year that cemented Moore’s idea of himself as a physician. The chapter lays out the expectations and pressure undergraduates at Leonard experienced as well as the teaching style and curriculum students encountered. Moore’s second year was also when he got to work with human subjects—both living and cadaver. Moore clearly made an impression in his second year as he was invited by older peers to collaborate in founding the Old North State Medical Society, one of the first Black medical associations in the country.
Doctoring, Durham, and Dearly Beloved
Authors: Hill-Saya Blake
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines Moore’s early experience as a physician in Durham and what he learned on the job. When he ran for county coroner, he received many threats and vitriol. The chapter also documents Moore’s marriage to Sarah (“Cottie”) McCotta Dancy on December 18, 1869 and the racism and classism inherent in their match. The chapter also introduces readers to Moore’s two daughters, particularly Lyda Moore Merrick whose reminiscences are quoted.
For Our Mutual Benefit
Authors: Hill-Saya Blake , Butterfield G. K. , Eileen C.
Published: January 2022

The chapter opens with a discussion on the status of insurance at the turn of the century—a luxury that was not widely available to African Americans. After experiencing a fire of his own, Moore and John Merrick, along with 5 other investors (W.G. Pearson, E.A. Johnson, D.T. Watson, J.E. Shepard, and P.W. Dawkins) started their own insurance company to cater to Durham’s Black population. The rest of the chapter details the initial years of the North Carolina Mutual and Provident Association.
The Explorer
Authors: Hill-Saya Blake , Butterfield G. K. , Eileen C.
Published: January 2022

Travel for African Americans during the Jim Crow era was tricky and dangerous. Yet Moore loved to travel and took his family on trips when he could. The chapter details some of the trips the family took, including a 1915 trip to San Francisco to see the World’s Fair, and the planning that went into them. The chapter quotes from Lyda Moore Merrick’s reminiscences of some of the family’s trips.
Education First, Last, Always
Authors: Hill-Saya Blake , Butterfield G. K. , Eileen C.
Published: January 2022

Education was of the upmost importance to Dr. Moore and at the heart of his successes. Thus around 1914, Moore began to use his influence to address educational inequality at the government level. The chapter details Moore’s efforts to address educational inequality, including the writing of letters and pamphlets, giving addresses, and his involvement in the Movement to Improve the Negro Rural Schools in North Carolina. The chapter quotes in full pamphlets Moore wrote and correspondence he wrote and received on the subject of education.
From One Flesh
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

A day or two later, John made up his mind. “I’ve met a woman I’m in love with her name is Susie Chang she’s Chinese-American,” he said all in one breath.

His mother said, “That’s nice. Is she from China?”

“No, Mom, she was born in San Francisco.” He was sitting at his little kitchen table with the phone to his face. “She doesn’t even speak Chinese.”...
Chicago Heat
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

Hello? Mama? It’s me, Floyce. Me and Hank just got back from the courthouse. You won’t believe it. Something terrible has happened. They kept Harley. And it looks like my husband is dead. The police was just here and they took my husband out of here all covered up on a stretcher. They asked me and Hank all kinds of questions. And we have to go to the police station tomorrow morning because I got to sign some piece of paper. But, Mama, we didn’t even know Medwin was dead. After the trial we drove home like that with him sitting up in the front seat, kind of all slumped over but still sitting up. And I could’ve sworn he was just sleeping. And you know, sometimes I have trouble waking him up. He just won’t wake up. And I thought this was just another one of them times. ’Cause Medwin was messing up! You know, I told you before that Medwin had been abusing his medication lately, and it wasn’t the first time he had passed out and come back hours later. So, that’s why we thought he was passed out again. But he had to have died while we were in the courthouse. Can you imagine that? Sitting out there in that hot car all that time in this Chicago heat just ’cause he didn’t want to see Vernon. And August in Chicago, as you know, is hell. He wouldn’t even come in to Harley’s trial. But I guess he didn’t have any love to lose on Harley or Hank, for that matter, the way they treated that poor man. It was like Medwin and Hank had never been friends. And you remember it was Hank who introduced me to Medwin while they were in recovery in the VA hospital. When was that? Already nearly ten years ago. My, how time flies. And you know, Hank brought Medwin home with him, playing on my sympathy, with all this mess about the poor man didn’t have no place to live. Hank kept saying did we want to see his friend, Medwin, homeless, out in the streets? And knowing I had a sympathetic heart! So, there was Medwin staying with us. Hank’s friend, but a man almost my own age! And, you know, you remember, at first it was all right because it was just Hank and Medwin being friends and sitting around in the front room, watching television all day, and taking their medication and drinking beer. But when Medwin come justa noticing me and everything, reaching out and touching me when I walked by, no, boy, no way, Hank didn’t go for that. Not with his mother! Not his friend ...
Five Years Ago
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

It was Labor Day, September 2, a Monday, five years ago, and I was twenty-seven years old and about to bring my forty-four-year-old mother and my forty-four-year-old father together for the first time in my adult life. All my life I had daydreamed about this moment, wondered if it would ever happen, and now that it was about to happen, I was so emotional, I was almost out of control. The night before, my father had flown into Chicago from Boston, where he worked as a real estate broker. I drove down to his mother’s on Fifty-fifth and Indiana Avenue to pick him up. Mother Zoe—that’s what I call his mother, my grandmother—was sitting at the kitchen table with her cup of coffee when I knocked on the back door; and there was my father—whom I hadn’t seen but once before—two years earlier when he came back to Chicago, that time, I think, because a brokers’ convention was being held in Chicago. He was slender and brown and handsome and wore a beard and was smiling at me as I came in. Apparently ready to go, he was already holding a tan summer jacket across his arm. I blushed and felt something like a current of electricity shoot through my body as I simply lowered my head, hiding my joy, and walked straight over to him and slid my arms under his and around his body—which fitted mine nicely—and hugged him for all I was worth. I knew I was going to cry. Tears were already rimming my eyes. All it would take was a blink. And I wanted my face over his shoulder, so I’d be looking out the kitchen window, my back to Mother Zoe, when the tears came. But it didn’t help and finally it didn’t matter. I not only cried but, also, I sobbed, sobbed with joy and pain and love for this man I’d dreamed of and fearfully wondered about all my life. And here he was. Two years before, I had expected him to appear suddenly bigger than life, but when I came into Mother Zoe’s house that time and saw him sitting at the dining room table with his mother, with his elbows on the table, he seemed so small, so fragile, so frail, compared to the giant I’d imagined. He was just a flesh and blood human being, a man, and one not especially imposing, just an ordinary man. But this time I didn’t rush to him and hug him. I was too confused, too scared. He stood up and came to me and hugged me, put his arms around me and kissed my forehead. And, yes, this time, too, I cried. I cried but I pulled ...
Reaching and Leaving the Point
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

At a certain point early in my development as a writer who also paints, I made a conscious decision to try to understand on some sort of personal, if eccentric, level the essential, technical aspects of writing and painting.

I came to this decision because I had been feeling like somebody from a remote tribal village who had accidentally learned to drive a car. I could make the car move but I had no idea ...
A Paris Fantasy Transformed
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

Paris! Why Paris? Why did I—or any African American artist or writer—go to Paris?

When I was a teenager in the 1950s, African American artists (and writers, dancers, jazz musicians, actors) had already enjoyed a long relationship with Paris. Even before the end of slavery, free mulattos, some of them artists, were traveling to Paris and other parts of Europe. They went for many different reasons. One of the best known of those who went in the nineteenth century was the painter Henry O. Tanner....
From “Taking Chances: A Memoir of a Life in Art and Writing”
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

Part 4 includes the memoir “Taking Chances: A Memoir of a Life in Art and Writing.” In it, Major explores his family, his childhood and upbringing, his early experience with art, and his life in Chicago. He introduces us to his mother, father, and sister, as well as friends, literary figures, and others who he knew or influenced him. He also details a trip to Omaha, Nebraska where he experienced segregation, and then his move to Manhattan in 1966. The reader also learns about the trips Major took as a research analyst for the Simulmatics Corporation, where he analyzed how people responded to news coverage of racial violence. Major also discusses his early career, success as a writer, and his academic jobs.
September Mendocino
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

What do you hear up here?

Same Shasta air, same Nevada air,

same Sierra Nevada air, same rainsong air

that lured Walt Whitman when he heard it.

But it is easier

to find what is left of Walt Whitman

these days, not in the sand, but...
Frenzy
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

Here is the little earthworm-eater,

she-kiwi.

She’s in her frenzy of lust.

There she goes in her flightless

night journey, in mating season,

warm in her fur-feathers

poking her long bill, beaker,

with nostrils at the tip

sniffing and drilling

scratching and uprooting

with her powerful feet...
Plein Air
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

Look at Powell Street

with the trolley tracks

and the traffic jams

and the teaming crowds of tourists

and little motorbikes scooting about.

Oh, I know what the French had in mind.

Pasture with cows.

Beach house by the sea.

Hush of underbrush

where ducks suddenly shoot up...
Morandi
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

London, morning: a dying rose in a dish. Camellia in a glass.

On the windowsill: chrysanthemums drooping.

Desire: an apple, red, turning yellow. Chalk Farm produce.

Wine bottle with lips like roses. Plant in a jam jar.

Last night we stayed up late eating oysters, drinking wine,...
Domestic Agenda
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

From outside, through the window,

you are watching the woman inside. You love her.

You left to walk the dog.

She was at the sink washing her hair.

You love her best when she is like this—washing her hair,

applying makeup, pulling on stockings.

Unconscious moments. Degas moments....
From Surfaces and Masks
Authors: Corthron Kia
Published: January 2022

and who must remain

   stuck with the idea

that the Byzantine is “unlovely”

         or with the notion that

a “cultivated Negro” is necessary in a country

where one does not expect to find him,

               available

and speaking many languages, causing one to

feel ignorant?

         Had he been a son of North Africa...
Postscript
Authors: Woodard James P.
Published: January 2022

The postscript extends the story of the book into the contemporary moment and gestures towards a summary. Changes in material culture not only fueled the mass migration out of the countryside into cities and towns, it transformed the lives of Brazilians who came of age in the first half of the twentieth century as new consumer goods, new patterns of behavior, and new ways of being in the world became so incorporated into everyday life as to be routine. The consumer practices and behaviors that once seemed international became Brazilian—a process Woodard calls “Brazilianization.” Aspects of the new culture of consumption, even as they became Brazilian and contributed to Brazil’s remaking, came to be identified especially with specific parts of the country, with select cities and certain locales within them. So too was the larger consumer culture identified with particular Brazilians, nationally, regionally, and within favored corners of the urban southeast.
Romosozumab (Evenity)
Authors: Reimbursement Team
Published: January 2022

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.

The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.

This review assesses romosozumab (Evenity), 105 mg/1.17 mL solution for subcutaneous injection, single-use pre-filled syringe.

Indication: For the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at high risk for fracture, defined as a history of osteoporotic fracture, or multiple risk factors for fracture.
An Animal Counter-Textuality? Sounding the Dog in the Global South
Authors: Kuhn Anna Frieda
Published: January 2022

The visual bias in the West has decisively shaped literary and cultural criticism in the past decades. Perpetuated by the linguistic turn, this bias has seen the written word placed firmly at the heart of (post-)humanist critique. Surveying current trends in contemporary theory, it soon becomes evident that, coinciding with the decline of the linguistic turn, Animal and Sound Studies have been on a steady rise. Increasingly shaping the global literary imagination, canine poetics, in particular, are enmeshed in a complex ideological web. Basing my investigation on literary and dramatic works from the Global South, such as Mark Fleishman et al.’s Antigone (Not Quite/Quiet) (2019), Craig Higginson’s Dream of the Dog (2007), and Ari Gauthier’s Carnet secret de Lakshmi (2015), I argue that, analogous to the way sound has gained increased agency in the Global South, so too canine figurations point to the way acoustic symbols can be rearticulated.
LOS MÉTODOS NÚMERICOS, EL EXCEL Y LA FÍSICA EN LA CARRERA DE INGENIERIA AGRÓNOMA
Authors: Rega Armas Dayned , Guerra Véliz Yusimí , Leyva Haza Julio
Published: January 2022

Utilizar en la enseñanza de la física tanto métodos exactos como numéricos complementándose como un todo, hacen el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje más efectivo. En este trabajo se ejemplifica un problema de la aplicación de los métodos numéricos utilizando el Excel en problemas de mecánica. El objetivo de la investigación fue implementar los métodos numéricos y el Excel de Microsoft para fortalecer la enseñanza de la física en los estudiantes de la carrera ingeniería agrónoma. En el proceso investigativo se aplicaron métodos del nivel teórico, empírico y matemático-estadístico, Después de la introducción de los métodos numéricos se observa una mejoría del aprendizaje de la física, así como una mayor motivación por el estudio de la misma.
PCR EM CARTÕES: UMA FERRAMENTA PARA O ENSINO DE BIOTECNOLOGIA
Authors: Silva Fontenele Keila Maria , Martins Cíntia
Published: January 2022

Os jogos didáticos são importantes para o ensino, atuando como ferramentas de fixação de conteúdo. Diante disso, estes vêm sendo cada vez mais discutidos e desenvolvidos. No ensino de ciências e biologia, existem muitas ferramentas lúdicas para promover, além de situações dinâmicas, um contato mais próximo ao tema estudado. Além disso, temas específicos como as Biotecnologias estão em destaque na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), porém seu ensino ainda é complexo pela falta de recursos e laboratórios em escolas públicas. Com especial foco devido a pandemia de COVID-19, a PCR (Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase) vem sendo amplamente divulgada e discutida em diversas esferas, e é considerada uma tecnologia específica e onerosa, dificultando sua aplicação no ensino. Diante destas dificuldades, este trabalho traz como objetivo desenvolver um jogo, o “PCR in Cards”, que visa auxiliar no processo de aprendizagem de estudantes do ensino médio e de graduação, oportunizando aprimorar os conhecimentos quanto a técnica da PCR de forma lúdica e estimulando a fixação do conteúdo. Como metodologia, o jogo foi testado em turmas de graduação em Ciências Biológicas, com intuito de sanar possíveis fragilidades, e possibilitar sua aplicação com mais facilidade de entendimento de regras e melhor rendimento e aprendizagem dos alunos. O PCR in Cards consiste em reunir cartas que simulem os passos, reagentes e equipamentos usados na PCR, sendo de fácil reprodução para os professores da rede pública que não dispõem de recursos para o ensino de biotecnologias. O desenvolvimento do jogo contou com a aplicação de um questionário em turmas de um curso de graduação em Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas para diagnosticar os déficits do PCR in Cards para deixar o jogo ainda mais eficaz para o ensino da PCR. Portanto, como produto, apresentamos um jogo que permite ensinar PCR de forma lúdica e com fácil entendimento pelos estudantes, uma vez que envolve um jogo muito popular entre a geração atual.
RACISMO Y XENOFOBIA. UNA VISIÓN DIDÁCTICA A TRAVÉS DE LOS CÓMICS
Authors: Somé Laserna Caín
Published: January 2022

El uso de los cómics en el ámbito educativo se ha destapado en los últimos años como una estrategia en boga con un gran potencial didáctico y divulgativo. Obras clásicas y actuales como Maus, Blacksad, Astérix o March, nos permiten captar fácilmente la atención del alumnado y trabajar, a partir de ellas, diversos contenidos; especialmente desde el ámbito de las ciencias sociales. En el presente artículo vamos a hacer un recorrido por los principales títulos que nos permitan introducir la problemática del racismo en el aula a partir de estrategias metodológicas activas y participativas, que fomenten el debate abierto y plural. Se ha intentado analizar el mayor número posible de títulos, ofreciendo al lector un repaso de los principales relatos, así como los posibles usos didácticos que de ellos se puedan derivar. El objetivo es ampliar los recursos disponibles para el profesorado, y coadyuvar en el proceso de formación del alumnado en todo lo concerniente a la educación para la ciudadanía y los derechos humanos.
Rhizodeposition efficiency of pearl millet genotypes assessed on a short growing period by carbon isotopes (δ13C and F14C)
Authors: Ndour Papa Mamadou Sitor , Hatté Christine , Achouak Wafa , Heulin Thierry , Cournac Laurent
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Rhizosheath size varies significantly with crop genotype,
and root exudation is one among its driving factors. Unravelling the
relationships between rhizosheath formation, root exudation and soil carbon
dynamics may bring interesting perspectives in terms of crop breeding
towards sustainable agriculture. Here we grew four pearl millet (C4
plant type: δ13C of −12.8 ‰, F14C = 1.012) inbred lines showing contrasting rhizosheath sizes in a C3 soil
type (organic matter with δ13C of −22.3 ‰,
F14C = 1.045). We sampled the root-adhering soil (RAS) and bulk soil
after 28 d of growth under a semi-controlled condition. The soil organic carbon (SOC) content and δ13C and F14C of soil samples were measured and the plant-derived C amount and Clost / Cnew ratio in the RAS were calculated. The results showed a significant increase in δ13C in the RAS of the four pearl millet lines compared to the control
soil, suggesting that this approach was able to detect plant C input into the soil at an early stage of pearl millet growth. The concentration of
plant-derived C in the RAS did not vary significantly between pearl millet
lines, but the absolute amount of plant-derived C varied significantly when
we considered the RAS mass of these different lines. Using a conceptual
model and data from the two carbon isotopes' measurements, we evidenced a priming effect for all pearl millet lines. Importantly, the priming effect amplitude (Clost / Cnew ratio) was higher for the small rhizosheath
(low-aggregation) line than for the large rhizosheath (high-aggregation)
ones, indicating a better C sequestration potential of the latter.
Synergy between compost and cover crops in a Mediterranean row crop system leads to increased subsoil carbon storage
Authors: Rath Daniel , Bogie Nathaniel , Deiss Leonardo , Parikh Sanjai J. , Wang Daoyuan , Ying Samantha , Tautges Nicole , Berhe Asmeret Asefaw , Ghezzehei Teamrat A. , Scow Kate M.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Subsoil carbon (C) stocks are a prime target for efforts to increase soil C storage for climate change mitigation. However, subsoil C dynamics are not well understood, especially in soils under long-term intensive agricultural management. We compared subsoil C storage and soil organic matter (SOM) composition in tomato–corn rotations after 25 years of differing C and nutrient management in the California Central Valley: CONV (mineral fertilizer), CONV+WCC (mineral fertilizer and cover crops), and ORG (composted poultry manure and cover crops). The cover crop mix used in these systems is a mix of oat (Avena sativa L.), faba bean (Vicia faba L.), and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth). Our results showed a ∼19 Mg ha−1 increase in soil organic C (SOC) stocks down to 1 m under ORG systems, no significant SOC increases under CONV+WCC or CONV systems, and an increased abundance of carboxyl-rich C in the subsoil (60–100 cm) horizons of ORG and CONV+WCC systems. Our results show the potential for increased subsoil C storage with compost and cover crop amendments in tilled agricultural systems and identify potential pathways for increasing C transport and storage in subsoil layers.
A computationally efficient engineering aerodynamic model for non-planar wind turbine rotors
Authors: Li Ang , Gaunaa Mac , Pirrung Georg Raimund , Horcas Sergio González
Published: January 2022

Abstract. In the present work, a computationally efficient engineering model for the aerodynamic load calculation of non-planar wind turbine rotors is proposed. The method is based on the vortex cylinder model and can be used in two ways: either used as a correction to the currently widely used blade element momentum (BEM) method or used as the main model, replacing the BEM method in the engineering modeling complex. The proposed method needs the same order of computational effort as the ordinary BEM method, which makes it ideal for time-domain aero-servo-elastic simulations. The results from the proposed method are compared with results from two higher-fidelity aerodynamic models: a lifting-line method and a Navier–Stokes solver. For planar rotors, the aerodynamic loads are identical to the current BEM model when the drag force is excluded during the calculation of the induced velocities. For non-planar rotors, the influence of the blade out-of-plane shape, measured by the difference of the load between the non-planar rotor and the planar rotor, is in very good agreement with higher-fidelity models. Meanwhile, the existing BEM methods, even with a correction of radial induction included, show relatively large deviations from the higher-fidelity method results.
Sobre la transferencia: Lacan y Althusser
Authors: Benezra Karen
Published: January 2022

El presente ensayo examina la transferencia como relación ética para el psicoanálisis y como escena donde Louis Althusser ensaya y anuncia el objeto de la dialéctica materialista a mediados de la década del sesenta. Los usos del término transferencia por parte de Althusser marcan la mayor tensión entre las ambiciones materialistas del marxismo estructuralista y del psicoanálisis. Por eso mismo ayudan a iluminar el problema de la metaforicidad y en específico de la metáfora del trabajo en la formulación de la dialéctica materialista. Junto con la influencia admitida pero no desarrollada de Spinoza, los desencuentros de Althusser con Lacan en torno al concepto de transferencia ayudan a mostrar la manera en que Althusser reformula sus ideas en torno al materialismo filosófico al definir la relación entre filosofía e ideología como problema en su obra más tardía, específicamente en su curso sobre Maquiavelo.
Study of Densification Behavior of SiAlONs Using Dysprosium Containing Additive System
Authors: Nath Sudipta , Madhu Utpal
Published: January 2022

SiAlON ceramics have complicated chemistry and should be considered a group of alloys with diverse characteristics. It is generated when silicon nitride (Si3N4), aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and aluminium nitride (AlN) react together. If sintering aids such as Dysprosium oxide are added to the initial composition, fully dense polycrystalline bodies can be produced through pressureless sintering.Inter-granular phase composition and structure may be modified by dopants and sintering conditions, which significantly impact the characteristics of SiAlON ceramics. The focus of this study was concentrated on the nature of densification and nature of the phases that appeared in SiAlON. It was found that the volume and density of all the specimens considerably reduced and enhanced, respectively owing to sintering at elevated temperatures. The XRD results showed various phases as per their relative intensities, which indicates densification will alter different properties, especially mechanical and thermal properties.
Efetividade da colaboração e o resultado útil do processo nos acordos de leniência antitruste
Authors: Alves Waldir , Giacomazzi Viccari Natalie
Published: January 2022

O artigo aborda questões relacionadas ao conteúdo da efetividade da colaboração e do resultado útil do processo nos acordos de leniência antitruste. Parte da definição de acordo de leniência, identifica suas fases e pontua as características do Programa de Leniência Antitruste do CADE. Aponta que a perspectiva de um programa de leniência calcado na justa concessão dos benefícios premiais pelo Estado está condicionada ao adimplemento de obrigações assumidas pelo signatário, sem, contudo, descuidar-se dos resultados legais indicados pela norma, tendo como centro a ideia de eficácia e utilidade da colaboração. Nesse cenário, é traçado um paralelo com o acordo de colaboração premiada, cuja experiência brasileira está avançada no Judiciário, inclusive nas Instâncias Superiores. Por fim, analisa as consequências e os efeitos do descumprimento de acordos de leniência por parte dos signatários, destacando o controle formal e material por meio das decisões homologatórias, ou não homologatórias, emanadas do Tribunal do CADE.
Acordos anticoncorrenciais e a regra da razão estruturada no Direito da União Europeia
Authors: Leurquin Pablo
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a metodologia de aplicação da regra da razão estruturada no eixo dos acordos do Direito da Concorrência da União Europeia. A abordagem proposta se ancora na interpretação dada, pela doutrina e pelos tribunais, aos tratados, regulamentos e orientações da Comissão Europeia que versam sobre o assunto. O processo de modernização desse ramo do Direito, bem como da própria tradição do Direito da União Europeia, são os pontos de partida para a compreensão das principais peculiaridades da regra da razão estruturada. O artigo foi, portanto, dividido em três seções. A primeira aborda alguns aspectos da modernização do eixo dos acordos anticoncorrenciais. A segunda trata da etapa da qualificação do acordo, conforme disposto no art. 101, parágrafo 1º, do Tratado de Funcionamento da União Europeia. A terceira versa sobre as isenções, no sentido do art. 101, parágrafo 3º, do mesmo tratado. Foi possível constatar que o modelo modernizado da regra da razão estruturada na União Europeia apresenta diferenças substanciais se comparado à regra da razão (rule of reason) estadunidense.
SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF siet gene IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS PSEUDINTERMEDIUS ISOLATEDFROM CANINE PYODERMA
Authors: M. K. Prashantha , B E Shambulingappa , S Sundareshan , A. M. Kotresh , B H Rudresh , C. B. Madhavaprasad , S. J. Arun
Published: January 2022

Astudy was conducted on isolation, identification and characterization of staphylococcal organisms associated with the canine pyoderma. The bacteriological processing of the samples resulted in the recovery of 95 staphylococcal isolates and 18 other bacterial isolates. On culture, staphylococci were the most predominantly (n=95, 75.39%) isolated organisms. Based on nucgene-based PCR, out of 95 staphylococcal isolates obtained, 82 (86.1%) of the isolates were found belonging to S. pseudintermedius. And out of 82 S. pseudintermedius isolates, siet gene was detected in 69 (86.1%) isolates. S. pseudintermedius was found to be predominant bacterial pathogen responsible for pyoderma in dogs.
Two PCR products which were amplified for nuc gene and one each of siet and mec A gene were sent for commercial sequencing and the sequence alignment revealed 99.23 per cent, 99.14 per cent, 98.98 per cent and 100 per cent, similarities with the corresponding genes of S. pseudintermedius respectively.
LIFESTYLE AS RISK FACTOR FOR BREAST CANCER: A CASECONTROL STUDY IN CHENNAI, TAMIL NADU, INDIA
Authors: Parvathy K.
Published: January 2022

AIM: The present investigation was attempted to find out the possible life style risk factors for breast cancer among the breast cancer cases, using a case-control study in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Methods: A total number of 512 breast cancer cases, from various hospitals of Chennai and 540 control women of same age group in same geographical area, were investigated using standard questionnaire that evaluated the various lifestyle risk factors for breast cancer such as BMI, physical exercise, psychological stress, abortion, lifestyle health problems and parity.
Results: Karl Pearson's chi-square test was performed to determine the overall association between the lifestyle risk factors and breast cancer. The results revealed that all the lifestyle risk factors investigated were found to be highly significantly associated with breast cancer when compared with control women in Chennai.
Conclusion: The lifestyle changes such as overall maintenance of BMI, increasing physical exercise, decreasing psychological stress using yoga, avoiding abortion, increasing parity and eating healthy traditional foods may reduce the
risk of breast cancer
STUDY ON THE LIPID CONTENT OF SELECTED FISHES (M.S.), INDIA
Authors: Tidame Arati , Yasmeen Shaikh , Kakulte Vikram , Gangurde Jyoti , Tidame Savita
Published: January 2022

An estimation of lipid content in selected fishes namely rohu, mrigala, silver pomfret and pomfret was carried out during year 2018-2019. In the present study, authors found the amount of lipid content in rohu was 0.760 mg/, in mrigala 0.448 mg/g, in pomfret 0.753 mg/g and in silver pomfret 0.619 mg/g. On the basis of result obtained, it can be concluded that, rohu and pomfret contain more amount of lipids as compared to mrigala and silver pomfret
Intervento di Thomas Emmenegger – 14 Ottobre 2020
Authors: Emmenegger Thomas
Published: January 2022

Trascrizione dell'intervento di Thomas Emmenegger all'interno del ciclo di seminari La disobbedienza civile 2020-2021.
Effect of potato contact parameters on seed metering performance using discrete element method
Authors: Shi Linrong , Yang Xiaoping , Zhao Wuyun , Sun Bugong , Wang Guanping , Sun Wei
Published: January 2022

Aim of study: To study the effect of potato surface with or without sandy loam soil on seed metering performance, we investigated the motion behaviour of the potato seed particles during the seed metering process using a self-designed across-bridge metering device by discrete element method (DEM).
Area of study: Tonganyi Town, Dingxi, Gansu, China
Material and methods: First, the contact characteristics of potatoes were measured using some novel devices. Second, simulations were performed under the same experimental conditions to verify the reliability of the contact parameters. Finally, the velocity and angular velocity of the seed in the seed box and the number of seeds taken by the large spoon during the taking and clearing process were analysed using ANOVA.
Main results: The coefficients of static friction (SF) and rolling friction (RF) of seed particles with soil were smaller than those without soil and had the highest values between particles and plastic, followed by between particles and steel, and between particles. Further, the rates of metering single seed particle in simulation and experiment were 98.17% and 97.57%, respectively. The rate of missing seed particles was 1.83% and 2.43%, respectively; it was found to significantly decrease as RF increased from 0.01 to 0.06 to 0.12, and the resultant angular velocity and velocity also significantly decreased as SF increased from 0.1 to 0.5 to 1.0. In addition, the number of seeds taken by the large spoon also reduced.
Research highlights: Therefore, potato seed particles surface with or without soil can significantly affect the seeding performance and highlight the need for surface treatment using mechanised metering.
Clear air echoes from the atmospheric boundary layer over Chennai – A study using S-band Doppler Weather Radar
Authors: SURESH R. , ARAVINDAN V. , RAO P.  RAJESH , BHATNAGAR A.  K.
Published: January 2022

During December 2002 – early April 2003, between 2345 and 0215 UTC and between 1230 and 1400 UTC covering the twilight period, radar reflectivities as high as 28-38 dBZ were measured in the atmospheric boundary layer by the Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) installed at Cyclone Detection Radar station, Chennai regularly. On analysis, it was found that these radar returns were not from precipitating clouds but from some other invisible source(s).  The contributory mechanisms for this high order of reflectivity have been analysed from meteorological and non-meteorological angles. Thermodynamical parameters and potential radio refractive index have been computed and analysed. The refractive index structure constant (Cn2) has been computed from the 0000 and 1200 UTC RS/RW data as well as from the radar reflectivity data. The prevalence of convectively unstable atmosphere in the first layer adjacent to the surface (upto 350 m a.g.l) at 1200 UTC and nocturnal surface inversion   at 0000 UTC contribute to the enhanced Cn2 in the range of 3.58 ´ 10-12  to 10-15 m-2/3 in the layers upto 900 m  a.g.l. This sort of Bragg scattering with high Cn2 could have contributed to radar reflectivity factor as high as +0.8 dBZ only. During the last three decades, there is an alarming increase in nocturnal surface inversion frequencies over Chennai presumably due to high concentration of suspended particulate matters and respirable dust particles. The contribution by these pollutants to the radar reflectivity factor is restricted to a maximum of about  – 0.9 dBZ only.  Migratory birds of about eight to twelve thousand in number  with 10 – 50 cm2 radar cross section  and possibly innumerable insects appear as sources of the enhanced reflectivity.
Acceleration in temperature increase over India : An application of two-phase regression
Authors: SINGH AJAY , JHA SHWETA , PATWARDHAN ANAND
Published: January 2022

A key issue in climate change is the extent to which there are changes in climate variables that may be consistent with anthropogenically induced climate change. In this paper an attempt has been made to apply two-phase regression model to records of long term annual mean surface air temperature over India to examine whether there are any significant changes in the temperature trends across the country. We find that most of the stations selected for the study, show an acceleration in temperature trends during the mid 1900’s. Even though a considerable variation with regard to the specific change point year is seen however there appear to be common periods across the different stations. Further analysis of long duration temperature records may be useful in attributing these changes to the anthropogenic forcing or natural variability.
Evolution of convection anomalies over the Indo-Pacific region in relation to Indian monsoon rainfall
Authors: PATTANAIK D. R. , KALSI S. R. , HATWAR H. R.
Published: January 2022

The present study is an attempt to explore a relationship between Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) and the evolution of convective activity during winter to pre-monsoon seasons over the Indo-Pacific region. The monthly mean Outgoing Long-wave Radiation (OLR) data obtained from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) polar orbiting spacecraft are used in this study from January 1975 to May 2004.  It is observed that the negative OLR (thus, convection) anomalies from January gradually strengthen in a west northwest direction from western Pacific region and got established over the southeast Asian region and adjoining eastern equatorial Indian Ocean by the month of May during excess ISMR years indicating a gradual reversal of anomalous rising motion over western Pacific in January to anomalous sinking motion in May over western Pacific region. However, during the deficient ISMR years the negative OLR anomalies established over the western Pacific region in January almost remain active over the same region till the month of May and consequently there is persistent presence of rising motion from northern winter to pre-monsoon seasons over the western Pacific.

Similar to the patterns during the deficient composite the evolution of OLR anomalies show stronger than normal convective activity over the western Pacific region east of 150° E compared to that of eastern Indian Ocean and adjoining southeast Asia from February to May during the deficient years of 1979, 1982, 1987, 2002, and 2004 though there exists strong interannual variability in its magnitude. The tendency of OLR anomalies over the western Pacific region from January to March and the difference of OLR anomalies between western equatorial Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean and adjoining southeast Asia regions in the month of May shows significant (95% level) correlation with ISMR and the predicted ISMR with these two predictors using simple regression model shows significant correlations (95% and 99% level respectively) with actual ISMR for the extreme years.