bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Um programa de treinamento multimodal de 18 semanas melhora a autonomia funcional de idosas com autonomia funcional reduzida
Authors: Rumão Mateus da Silva , Pinheiro Lurdilene dos Santos , Rodrigues Nildilene  Pereira , Amorim Rosane Constância , Garcia Nathalia Coelho , Silva Thais Marcelle Campos da , Cristina Amanda , Borges Júnior Marcos , Castro Marcela Rodrigues de , Mendes Thiago Teixeira
Published: February 2022

Introdução: O processo de envelhecimento traz perdas naturais para o idoso, podendo levar a défices na autonomia funcional, os quais podem ser minimizados com a prática regular exercícios físicos. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de 18 semanas de um programa de treinamento multimodal em idosas com autonomia funcional reduzida. Materiais e métodos: Refere-se a um estudo longitudinal, de caráter quantitativo, sendo a amostra composta por 12 idosas. O treinamento multimodal teve duração de 18 semanas com 3 sessões semanais. A autonomia funcional dos idosos foi avaliada através do protocolo de avaliação funcional do Grupo de Desenvolvimento Latino-Americano para a Maturidade (GDLAM), composto pelos testes: caminhar 10 metros (C10m); levantar-se da posição sentada (LPS); levantar-se da posição decúbito ventral (LPDV); levantar-se da cadeira e locomover-se pela casa (LCLC). Foi calculado o índice geral do GDLAM (IG). Para análise dos dados, foi verificada a normalidade (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), e utilizado o teste T de Student, considerando o nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados: Foi observada uma melhora da autonomia funcional de 23,1±18,0% da avaliação inicial do IG (41,05±6,66s) para o pós-intervenção IG (30,81±4,94s) (p<0,001). Na comparação individual de testes, foi observado melhoras significativas nos testes de C10m (p<0,001), LPS (p=0,009) e LCLC (p=0,004) não sendo encontrado melhora apenas no teste LPDV (p=0,06). Discussão: Esses achados podem proporcionar uma maior autonomia de desempenhar as atividades da vida diária. Conclusão: O treinamento proposto foi capaz de melhorar a autonomia funcional dos idosos pesquisados, embora não tenha sido capaz de melhorar o desempenho do teste LPDV.
Metais pesados e sua relação com o estresse oxidativo em répteis
Authors: Stark Amanda Andersson Pereira , Bonfada Carolina Oliveira , Zani Gabriel da Silva , Paula Lara Silva de , Teles Mariana Accorsi , Varela Junior Antonio Sergio , Corcini Carine Dahl , França Raqueli Teresinha
Published: February 2022

Diversos metais pesados e metalóides desempenham funções vitais nos organismos vivos. Por outro lado, a exposição excessiva pode provocar possíveis efeitos morfológicos e fisiológicos negativos em répteis. A ação antrópica pode interferir diretamente no desequilíbrio fisiológico desses animais, dado que os xenobióticos presentes em resíduos de atividades humanas acabam por gerar espécies reativas de oxigênio nos organismos, essa condição é estabelecida quando a produção de radicais livres supera as barreiras antioxidantes. É possível realizar monitoramento ambiental para estudos ecotoxicológicos por meio de bioindicadores e biomarcadores moleculares, utilizando técnicas não invasivas para a amostragem, sem prejudicar a vida selvagem. O objetivo desta revisão literária foi averiguar informações sobre a influência de metais pesados e sua relação com o estresse oxidativo, ações antrópicas, bioindicadores ambientais e suas relações com danos metabólicos em répteis. Para realizar essa revisão, foram utilizados artigos em bases científicas PubMed, portal de periódicos CAPES, Google acadêmico e SciELO. A partir desta pesquisa, notou-se que a ação antrópica tem impacto prejudicial tanto para os animais quanto para o homem, visto que diversos metais e metalóides são disseminados através de resíduos de atividades industriais e doméstica, e quando dispostos de forma irresponsável em biota marinha ou terrestre podem ocasionar fenômenos de bioacumulação e biomagnificação. Isto exposto, esse cenário leva a diversos danos metabólicos, resultando em lesões celulares e disfunção orgânica. O impacto que o uso abusivo de metais pesados e contaminantes no geral pode resultar em remodelagem dos ecossistemas, com efeitos diretos na conservação de répteis.
Analysis of an evaluation method in Morphofunctional Sciences for medical training during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lima Paola de , Silva Renata Souza e , Guedert Denis Guilherme , Girão-Carmona Virgínia Cláudia Carneiro , Gondim Delane Viana , Vale Mariana Lima
Published: February 2022

The pandemic caused by COVID-19 brought great challenges to higher education institutions, both teachers and students had to quickly adapt to remote classes. Methodologies were developed to improve the interaction of professors with their students, but evaluation processes carried out remotely were often difficult and not very effective. This research sought to assess the perception of medical students about an innovative evaluative experience carried out during the pandemic period. The assessment consisted of a series of questions sent to the student, who, through him, should answer them by recording a video, using the same platform as the remote classes. The analysis included objective and subjective questions that sought to investigate the students' point of view regarding the method, under various aspects such as communication skills, level of anxiety, quality of the study environment and connectivity. As well, to the comparison with the concepts of assessments from the pre-pandemic period. The results showed that the method was positive when it provides the student with a moment of learning during the assessment. Also observed that there was a good acceptance of the assessment method and students started to prefer it over the use of conventional assessment platforms. It can be concluded that the activity demystifies the punitive character of the assessments as it allows the student to develop a reflection on the knowledge acquired during the course, as well as the gaps found in the teaching and learning process. In addition to improving communication skills so used in medical practice.
Análise da qualidade de amostras de Pariri (Arrabidaea chica) comercializadas em Belo Horizonte-MG
Authors: Souza Gustavo Henrique Cassemiro de , Andrade Vinícius Moura , Machado Ana Maria de Resende , Gomes Fátima de Cássia Oliveira
Published: February 2022

Pariri (Arrabidaea chica) é uma planta usada com fins terapêuticos, na forma de infusão das folhas, pela população em geral. Na medicina popular suas folhas apresentam propriedades anti-inflamatória, cicatrizante, antianêmica e adstringente. O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar esta planta por testes físico-químicos e microbiológicos de 14 amostras comercializadas em Belo Horizonte. A análise das amostras seguiu os procedimentos das legislações vigentes. Avaliaram-se as embalagens e rótulos das amostras comerciais, além de matéria estranha e da determinação do teor de umidade e cinzas. As amostras apresentaram resultados coerentes com a legislação em respeito à avaliação de matéria estranha, embalagens e rotulagens. Quanto ao teor de umidade apenas a amostra 13 está de acordo com a legislação, enquanto o teor de cinzas, somente as amostras 8 e 11 se mostraram em desacordo. Os resultados das análises microbiológicas para fungos e bactérias mostraram valores abaixo do limite máximo descrito pela legislação. A análise de fenólicos totais pelo método de Folin-Ciocalteau mostrou resultados compatíveis com os valores encontrados na literatura. Conclui-se, portanto, que apesar de apenas a amostra 13 atender o parâmetro umidade e o mesmo contribuir para o crescimento de microrganismos, os resultados das análises mostraram valores inferiores àqueles preconizados pela legislação. Assim, as amostras apresentaram-se, de modo geral, próprias para o consumo.
Aspectos da ocorrência de depressão e risco de suicídio em profissionais da saúde: revisão integrativa
Authors: Cruz Daniel Alves , Sousa Francisco Wagner dos Santos , Silva Keila Maria Paiva da , Nascimento Isabel Rodrigues do , Araújo Beatriz Nascimento Vieira de , Carvalho Sabrina do Espirito Santo , Costa Iaciara Silva , Bezerra Ana Beatriz Norberto Nunes
Published: February 2022

As ocorrências de depressão e suicídio são causados por uma variedade de fatores, a maioria dos quais são motivados pelo desejo de escapar de uma vida de grande sofrimento psicológico. Dessa forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a produção cientifica sobre depressão e suicídio em profissionais da saúde, e conhecer os fatores agravantes para o seu desenvolvimento durante a pratica de assistência à saúde, a partir de uma busca na literatura por estudos publicados entre os anos de 2016 e 2022. As pesquisas foram feitas nos periódicos eletrônicos Scopus, PubMed, Cinahl e Medline. Utilizando a questão norteadora: Quais as repercussões e principais causas da depressão e suicídio em profissionais da saúde? Como resultados, foram observadas associações entre depressão e ideação suicida e horas de trabalho, satisfação e valorização no trabalho, distúrbios do sono, bullying, sexismo e discriminação; cultura de culpa; vergonha e medo de denunciar; falta de suporte; estigma e uma necessidade percebida de parecer invulnerável; conflito trabalho/família, isolamento social e abuso de álcool. Portanto, os impactos comuns a essas psicopatologias podem induzir eventos adversos relacionados a assistência à saúde, podendo resultar em óbitos dos pacientes. Conclui-se que a utilização de estratégias de redução e prevenção de danos, a exemplo da introdução precoce de terapêutica psicológica e psiquiátrica, bem como, maior conscientização da população sobre o tema, predispõe a diminuição das taxas de prevalência de depressão e suicídio.
Reúso de água de piscicultura na irrigação de melancia (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)) cultivada em sistema de produção de base ecológica
Authors: Pacheco Helton , Rodrigues Luis Nery
Published: February 2022

O trabalho avaliou o crescimento, desenvolvimento e produtividade da melancia (Citrullus lanatus), variedade Crimson Sweet e o aporte de nutrientes no solo a partir do uso de irrigação com água residuária de piscicultura (A.R) e água de abastecimento (A.A) com e sem adubação orgânica. O experimento foi conduzido na comunidade de Vila Jessé no Km 35, município de Bragança/Pará. Foi adotado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 2 x 2, sendo 2 tipos de água de irrigação (A.R.) e (A.A.) e 2 níveis de adubação (com e sem adubação orgânica) e 10 repetições, totalizando 40 parcelas. Cada parcela foi constituída pela média de 4 plantas. Avaliaram-se aos 35 dias após o transplantio (DAT) o número médio e o comprimento dos ramos; e, aos 64 DAT o volume médio do fruto, produtividade e, ao final da produção, o peso médio dos frutos e o aporte de nutrientes no solo. Independente do tipo de água utilizada (A.R. ou A.A.) os tratamentos com adubação orgânica apresentaram as melhores médias. Sendo que, com o uso da A.R, se obteve melhor produtividade, já para o número médio de ramos, a A.A. apresentou a maior média. A utilização de A.R. promoveu melhoras significativas na nutrição do solo. O uso de A.R. através da irrigação por gotejamento, se mostrou uma alternativa viável para a produção de melancia nos períodos secos, melhorando a nutrição do solo e possibilitando a comercialização desta hortaliça em períodos de entressafra.
The Mediterranean Rhodes Gyre: modelled impacts of climate change, acidification and fishing
Authors: van Leeuwen SM , Beecham JA , García-García LM , Thorpe R
Published: February 2022

The Mediterranean Rhodes Gyre is a cyclonic gyre with high primary production due to local upwelling of nutrients and occasional deep overturning up to 1 km depth. This nutrient-rich state is in sharp contrast to other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean which are oligotrophic. Here we investigated the upwelling system central to the Rhodes Gyre and the impact of different stressors like meteorological changes, acidification and fishing pressure up to the year 2100. A water column model spanning the physical, chemical and biological system up to top predators (GOTM-ERSEM-BFM-EwE) was used to simulate the pelagic environment under single and combined stressors. Results show that due to increasing winter temperatures, deep overturning events will become more rare in the future until they stop occurring around 2060 under the Paris-agreement climate scenario (RCP4.5) or around 2040 under the business-as-usual climate scenario (RCP8.5). Stratification will become stronger as temperature effects outweigh salinity effects in the surface mixed layer. Together with the lack of deep overturning, this stronger stratification limits the nutrient supply to the euphotic zone, significantly reducing primary production. Phytoplankton species shift towards smaller species as nutrients become more scarce, mimicking the situation found currently on the edge of the gyre. Climatic changes and fishing pressure will affect higher trophic levels in an additive way for some species (sardines, dolphins), while in a synergistic way for others (anchovy, mackerel). Acidification impacts are negligible. Fish stocks will reduce significantly under all scenarios involving climate change effects: ~30% under scenarios imposing RCP4.5 and ~40% under scenarios imposing RCP8.5. The beneficial impact of maximum sustained yield-level fishing is very limited, indicating a need for mitigating measures beyond fleet control.
COMPLEXATION OF CIS-Pd(NH3)2Cl2 AND Pd(en)Cl2 WITH 1-AMINOPROPYLIDENE­DIPHOSPHONIC ACID
Authors: Kozachkova Oleksandra , Tsaryk Nataliya , Pekhnyo Vasyl , Trachevskij Volodymyr
Published: February 2022

The complexation of cis-Pd(NH3)2Cl2 and Pd(en)Cl2 (en – ethylenediamine) with 1-aminopropylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (APrDP, H4L) in solutions with extracellular concentration of chloride ions (0.15 mol/L) at the rations Pd(II):APrDP=1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 has been stu­di­ed by pH-potentiometry, electron and NMR spectroscopy.
It has been found that upon interaction in the system cis-Pd(NH3)2Cl2:AprDP=1:1, complexes of the equimolar composition [PdHL(NH3)Cl]2- (lgβ=38.84(4)), [PdHL(NH3)2]- (lgβ=43.14(2)) and [PdL(NH3)2]2- (lgβ=34.91(2)) are formed depending on pH, in which the APrDP molecule is coordinated in a bidentate fashion to the cent­ral ion by the nitrogen atom of the amine group and oxygen atom of the phosphonic group. In the case of twofold excess of ligand, bisligand complexes [PdH4L2]2- (lgβ=59.64(9)), [PdH3L2]3- (lgβ=57.39(19), [PdH2L2]4- (lgβ=52.37(17), [PdHL2]5- (lgβ=44.71(9)) [PdL2]6- (lgβ=36.57(6)) are formed, in which two APrDP molecules are coordinated in a bidentated fashion. At pH>6, complexes [PdHL2(NH3)]5- (lgβ=48.57(6)) and [PdL2(NH3)2]6- (lgβ=42.76(8)) are formed, in which the coordinated phosphonic groups of APrDP are sequentially replaced upon coordination by NH3. molecules.
In the systems Pd(en)Cl2:APrDP=1:1 and 1:2, complexes only of equimolar composition: [Pd(en)(H2L)] (lgβ=28.88(9)), [Pd(en)(HL)]- (lgβ=24.67(8)) and [Pd(en)L]2- (lgβ=16.84(9)) are formed, whose coordination sphere contains the nitrogen atom of the amine group and oxygen atom of the phosphonic group of APrDP and two nitrogen atoms of the amine groups of an ethylenediamine.
At the ratio Pd(II):APrDP=2:1, the formation of binuclear complexes {[Pd(NH3)2]2L} (lgβ=63.58(22)) and {[Pd(en)]2L} (lgβ= 25.18(4)), in which two palladium atoms have a different coordination environment. The coordination sphere of one of the palladium contains a nitrogen atom of the amine group and an oxygen atom of the phospho­nic group of APrDP, and two NH3 molecules or two amine groups of ethylenediamine. The other palladium coordinates two oxygen atoms of phoshonic groups of APrDP and two NH3 molecules or two amine groups of ethylenediamine.
Performing Heritage, Theology and ‘Land’ in the Lujam Songs of the Rongmei Nagas of North-east India
Authors: Elias KC Rathiulung
Published: February 2022

The Zeliangrong Nagas (Zeme, Liangmai, Rongmei and Inpui) inhabit the contiguous regions of the present-day Indian states of Manipur, Assam and Nagaland. The Rongmeis first embraced Christianity in the 1920s through converts and evangelists from their neighbouring communities, who were themselves influenced by the American Baptist missions. Through these encounters, indigenous singing practices of their neighbouring Thadou-Kukis were translated and incorporated into Rongmei Christianity as the lujam. The lujam songs have survived in popular practice and print culture, coexisting alongside translations of English hymns and, in more recent years, contemporary Christian worship music. In tracing the journeys of the lujam, this paper presents the gradual indigenisation of Christian teachings and practices among the Rongmeis. It argues that the lujam, as practised among the Rongmeis, embodies an effective mode and method of theologising among the Rongmeis. At the same time, the paper teases out inherent tensions that are managed in the lujam (if awkwardly), between traditional ‘landed’ lifeworld and the lujam’s ‘heavenly’ lifeworld. Thus, the study highlights the theological agency of Rongmei Nagas in their encounters with Christianity as evidenced in the lujam practice.
Nano Power Diplomacy Out Of the Mainstream
Authors: Purwasito Andrik
Published: February 2022

Nano power diplomacy is a diplomacy done by individuals and small groups, without bargaining and negotiating. Diplomacy without theoretical and scientific approaches, because it is just a small nod (actor unit) that does not carry a real-power set. Nano power diplomacy is an activity that emphasizes sharing of symbols between citizens, person to person direct contact. That is, nano power diplomacy is a diplomacy practice based on socio-cultural relations between people, between cultures, which tries to overcome differences and cultural barriers in building an equitable human community, such as race, ethnicity, customs, language, social level -economy, skin color and differences of trust and religion. A truly initiated diplomacy by the individual, which does not speak of conflict mediation and economic perspective, without bilateral, multilateral and summit meeting typologies, but diplomacy that emphasizes interpersonal communication and public communication. There is no secrecy, hidden agendas and transparencies, because every participant in nano power diplomacy is a human being who is born by a product of the same destiny, namely God the Creator. They multiply, eat and drink of the same type. They also have a lifestyle in much the same way. Finally, they also communicate in more or less the same way and pattern, verbal and non-verbal communication. Thus, human beings are universal beings who have the ability to live in kinship. Below is described the basic assumptions, methodology and notions of nano power diplomacy
PENINGKATAN STATUS LANAL RANAI MENJADI LANTAMAL: STRATEGI INDONESIA SEBAGAI ANTISIPASI ANCAMAN CHINA DI NATUNA
Authors: Indrawan Raden Mas Jerry
Published: February 2022

The growing strength of China in all sectors, especially economy, and of course military, the country is increasingly aggressive in expanding its territory. As a result, the dispute in the South China Sea (SCS) between China and the five ASEAN countries, as well as Taiwan, spread to Indonesia, especially in Natuna. The Natuna Islands have an appeal to other countries because of its enormous natural resource and strategic location. To deal with the Chinese threat, which in case of war in Natuna will surely be done by sea, then this paper suggests to increase the status of Navy Base (Lanal) Ranai in Natuna into Navy Main Base (Lantamal). The escalation of threats from SCS makes Indonesia must have a strong sea defense base, facing directly to the SCS. So far, Indonesia only has 14 Lantamal, which is divided into two main command of the fleet, West Region Fleet Command (Koarmabar) and East Region Fleet Command (Koarmatim). With the vision of the World Maritime Fulcrum, 14 Lantamal with an area large as Indonesia, is certainly not enough. This paper also wants to see the link between the Navy and the Air Force in the concept of maritime based defense. This concept collaborates Navy and Air Force forces, due to geographical factors of the archipelagic state requires quick response. For that reason, the importance of synergy between Navy and Air Force seen from the role of Ranai Air Force Base in Natuna, Roesmin Nurjadin Air Force Base in Pekanbaru, and Supadio Air Force Base in Pontianak, to support Lantamal Ranai.
MELAMPAUI TERORISME: PENDEKATAN KOMPREHENSIF UNTUK MEMAHAMI DAN MENANGKAL TERORISME
Authors: Bustanul Arifin Reza Antonius Watimena ,
Published: February 2022

This study aims to formulate the steps and strategies that must be done to deal with the growing terrorism problem in the early 21st century. This research will analyze the underlying causes and reasons for the emergence of terrorism which then becomes a serious challenge for the international community, especially Indonesia. As for the background of this research is the development of terrorism is increasingly rapid and fertile that threatens the stability and integrity of a country. Why is terrorism growing more fertile? Is there anything wrong with the efforts and strategies that have been used so far? And, should new approaches and ways to be used to counter terrorism? These questions form the basis for the author to explore more deeply about the dynamics of terrorism with examples of countries such as Indonesia. The narrow mindset of individuals and groups, as well as the lack of critical thinking about the information or development of life seen, and the failure of love, have led them to a radical understanding that encourages terrorists. Thus, in this study, transcendence can be a fundamental way to change the root causes of individuals or groups in becoming radical. The transcendence must be followed by comprehensive approaches from the government, society, as well as changes in social circumstances, particularly economy and education
PARADIPLOMASI KOTA BUKITTINGGI DENGAN MALAYSIA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUNJUNGAN WISATA
Authors: Muhammad Fhadly, Poppy Irawan Rika Isnarti
Published: February 2022

is research aims to explain parad[1]iplomacy of Bukittinggi’s government to Malaysia in order to improve number of Malaysian tourism to Bukittingi and the impact of the paradiplomacy. Malaysian tourism is the highest number of tourism visting Bukitting. This situation benefits bukittingi especially in the economy sector that can empower small and medium entreprises. However, the government needs to do actions to attract more tourists to Bukittingi to enhavce economic benefit. In International Relations, Substate doing international affairs can be done through paradiplomacy. The type of this research is descriptive analysis using two types of data, namely documentation and interviews. The results of the research showed that the paradiplomacy of Bukittinggi to several regions in Malaysia is carried out through an approach that focuses on the education and culture sectors. Paradiplomacy activities between Bukittinggi and several regions in Malaysia provide benefits to Bukittinggi in order to expand the MSME market and have impact on optimizing the production of kerancang embroidery.
NASIONALISME MASYARAKAT PERBATASAN DI KALIMANTAN BARAT INDONESIA
Authors: Abi Sofyan, Ishaq Rahman, Ully Nuzulian Elyta Elyta
Published: February 2022

The nationalism of the border community is alleged to be a problem due to the activities of those who depend on Malaysia This study applies descriptive qualitative methods in analyzing the conditions of nationalism on the West Kalimantan border which is focused on the Sajingan Besar border area. The results of the study on the Sajingan Besar Sambas region showed two results from the point of view of nationalism conditions which refer to nationalism indicators, namely: (1). National identity, (2). The role of government in increasing national awareness; (Greenfeld, 1992: 3). (1). The identity of the Sajingan Besar border community, based on the awareness, identity and ideology of border communities while the border community depends on Malaysia and requires access to and out of the country and influences the dominant purchase of Malaysian products tends; (2). The role of the government in increasing national awareness, the dependence of border communities is due to weak development while the Malaysian border is already fairly developed.
Immunoglobulin E-Dependent Activation of Immune Cells in Rhinovirus-Induced Asthma Exacerbation
Authors: Kawakami Toshiaki , Kasakura Kazumi , Kawakami Yu , Ando Tomoaki
Published: February 2022

Acute exacerbation is the major cause of asthma morbidity, mortality, and health-care costs. Respiratory viral infections, particularly rhinovirus (RV) infections, are associated with the majority of asthma exacerbations. The risk for bronchoconstriction with RV is associated with allergic sensitization and type 2 airway inflammation. The efficacy of the humanized anti-IgE monoclonal antibody omalizumab in treating asthma and reducing the frequency and severity of RV-induced asthma exacerbation is well-known. Despite these clinical data, mechanistic details of omalizumab's effects on RV-induced asthma exacerbation have not been well-defined for years due to the lack of appropriate animal models. In this Perspective, we discuss potential IgE-dependent roles of mast cells and dendritic cells in asthma exacerbations.
Effective Spatio-Temporal Regimes for Wound Treatment by Way of Macrophage Polarization: A Mathematical Model
Authors: Zlobina Ksenia , Xue Jiahao , Gomez Marcella
Published: February 2022

Wound healing consists of a sequence of biological processes often grouped into different stages. Interventions applied to accelerate normal wound healing must take into consideration timing with respect to wound healing stages in order to maximize treatment effectiveness. Macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 represents a transition from the inflammatory to the proliferative stage of wound healing. Accelerating this transition may be an effective way to accelerate wound healing; however, it must be induced at the appropriate time. We search for an optimal spatio-temporal regime to apply wound healing treatment in a mathematical model of wound healing. In this work we show that to maximize effectiveness, treatment must not be applied too early or too late with respect to peak inflammation. We also show that the effective spatial distribution of treatment depends on the heterogeneity of the wound surface. In conclusion, this research provides a possible optimal regime of therapy that focuses on macrophage activity and a hypothesis of treatment outcome to be tested in future experiments. Finding optimal regimes for treatment application is a first step toward the development of intelligent algorithms for wound treatment that minimize healing time.
Applications of Mixed Reality Technology in Orthopedics Surgery: A Pilot Study
Authors: Lu Lin , Wang Honglin , Liu Pengran , Liu Rong , Zhang Jiayao , Xie Yi , Liu Songxiang , Huo Tongtong , Xie Mao , Wu Xinghuo , Ye Zhewei
Published: February 2022

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the potential of mixed reality (MR) technology in the visualization of orthopedic surgery.

Methods: The visualization system with MR technology is widely used in orthopedic surgery. The system is composed of a 3D imaging workstation, a cloud platform, and an MR space station. An intelligent segmentation algorithm is adopted on the 3D imaging workstation to create a 3D anatomical model with zooming and rotation effects. This model is then exploited for efficient 3D reconstruction of data for computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Additionally, the model can be uploaded to the cloud platform for physical parameter tuning, model positioning, rendering and high-dimensional display. Using Microsoft’s HoloLens glasses in combination with the MR system, we project and view 3D holograms in real time under different clinical scenarios. After each procedure, nine surgeons completed a Likert-scale questionnaire on communication and understanding, spatial awareness and effectiveness of MR technology use. In addition to that, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) is also used to evaluate the workload of MR hologram support.

Results: 1) MR holograms can clearly show the 3D structures of bone fractures, which improves the understanding of different fracture types and the design of treatment plans; 2) Holograms with three-dimensional lifelike dynamic features provide an intuitive communication tool among doctors and also between doctors and patients; 3) During surgeries, a full lesion hologram can be obtained and blended in real time with a patient’s virtual 3D digital model in order to give surgeons superior visual guidance through novel high-dimensional “perspectives” of the surgical area; 4) Hologram-based magnetic navigation improves the accuracy and safety of the screw placement in orthopaedics surgeries; 5) The combination of mixed reality cloud platform and telemedicine system based on 5G provides a new technology platform for telesurgery collaboration. Results of qualitative study encourage the usage of MR technology for orthopaedics surgery. Analysis of the Likert-scale questionnaire shows that MR adds significant value to understanding and communication, spatial awareness, learning and effectiveness. Based on the NASA TLX-scale questionnaire results, mixed reality scored significantly lower under the “mental,” “temporal,” “performance,” and “frustration” categories compared to usual 2D.

Conclusion: The integration of MR technology in orthopaedic surgery reduces the dependence on surgeons’ experience and provides personalized 3D visualization models for accurate diagnosis and treatment of orthopaedic abnormalities. This integration is clearly one of the prominent future development directions in medical surgery.
Construction and Validation of a Ferroptosis-Related lncRNA Signature as a Novel Biomarker for Prognosis, Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Ze , Zhang Wenwen , Wang Yafei , Wan Tao , Hu Bingyang , Li Chonghui , Ge Xinlan , Lu Shichun
Published: February 2022

Recently, immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy has significantly prolonged the survival time and improved the quality of life of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, HCC treatment remains challenging due to the high heterogeneity of this malignancy. Sorafenib, the first-line drug for the treatment of HCC, can inhibit the progression of HCC by inducing ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is associated with the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumours. Moreover, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are strongly associated with ferroptosis and the progression of HCC. Discovery of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (FR-lncRNAs) is critical for predicting prognosis and the effectiveness of immunotherapy and targeted therapies to improve the quality and duration of survival of HCC patients. Herein, all cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were divided into training and testing groups at a 6:4 ratio to construct and validate the lncRNA signatures. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and Cox regression analyses were used to screen the six FR-lncRNAs (including MKLN1-AS, LINC01224, LNCSRLR, LINC01063, PRRT3-AS1, and POLH-AS1). Kaplan–Meier (K–M) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses demonstrated the optimal predictive prognostic ability of the signature. Furthermore, a nomogram indicated favourable discrimination and consistency. For further validation, we used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to analyse the expression of LNCSRLR, LINC01063, PRRT3-AS1, and POLH-AS1 in HCC tissues. Moreover, we determined the ability of the signature to predict the effects of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in patients with HCC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and somatic mutation analysis showed that ferroptosis-related pathways, immune-related pathways, and TP53 mutations may be strongly associated with the overall survival (OS) outcomes of HCC patients. Overall, our study suggests that a new risk model of six FR-lncRNAs has a significant prognostic value for HCC and that it could contribute to precise and individualised HCC treatment.
Preparation of the Biodegradable Lymphatic Targeting Imaging Agent Based on the Indocyanine Green Mesoporous Silicon System
Authors: Duan Man , Han Dongmei , Shen Wenbin , Chang Kun , Wang Xinyu , Gao Nan , Du Jianshi
Published: February 2022

The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in the immune system’s recognition and response to disease. Therefore, the imaging of the lymphatic system, especially lymphatic vessels, has emerged as a valuable tool for the diagnosis of metastasis. FDA-approved small-molecule dyes, namely, indocyanine green (ICG), have been widely applied to lymphatic vessels imaging. However, due to the small physical size, such molecule-based agents show no selectivity, and rapid clearance from lymph nodes. Herein, a biodegradable lymphatic targeting imaging agent based on the ICG-mesoporous silicon system (ICG@HMONs-HA) was obtained, which not only could target lymph vessels but also had a long residence time. The reported work provides a practical way for lymph vessel fluorescence imaging and paves the way for clinical translation of nanomaterial-based tracers.
1,3,4-Oxadiazole Contained Sesquiterpene Derivatives: Synthesis and Microbiocidal Activity for Plant Disease
Authors: Dai Ali , Zheng Zhiguo , Yu Lijiao , Huang Yuanqin , Wu Jian
Published: February 2022

A series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole contained sesquiterpene derivatives were synthesized, and the activity of the target compounds against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac), and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) were evaluated. The biological activity results showed that the EC50 values of compounds H4, H8, H11, H12, H14, H16, and H19 for Xac inhibitory activity were 33.3, 42.7, 56.1, 74.5, 37.8, 43.8, and 38.4 μg/ml, respectively. Compounds H4, H8, H15, H19, H22, and H23 had inhibitory effects on Xoo, with EC50 values of 51.0, 43.3, 43.4, 50.5, 74.6, and 51.4 μg/ml, respectively. In particular, the curative and protective activities of compound H8 against Xoo in vivo were 51.9 and 49.3%, respectively. In addition, the EC50 values of the inactivation activity of compounds H4, H5, H9, H10, and H16 against TMV were 69.6, 58.9, 69.4, 43.9, and 60.5 μg/ml, respectively. The results of molecular docking indicated that compound H10 exhibited a strong affinity for TMV-coat protein, with a binding energy of −8.88 kcal/mol. It may inhibit the self-assembly and replication of TMV particles and have an anti-TMV effect, which supports its potential usefulness as an antiviral agent.
High Albumin Level Is Associated With Regression of Glucose Metabolism Disorders Upon Resolution of Acute Liver Inflammation in Hepatitis B-Related Cirrhosis
Authors: Tian Caiyun , Zhu Yanping , Liu Yujuan , Hu Han , Cheng Qijiao , Yang Fangwan , Pei Lingqi , Zhou Yihong , Li Ying , Lin Shide
Published: February 2022

Background and Aim

To investigate the short-term dynamic changes and the factors associated with regression of glucose metabolism disorders in patients with hepatitis flare of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Methods

In this study, 118 patients with severe hepatitis flare of chronic HBV infection were prospectively studied. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed on admission and during follow-up to evaluate dynamic changes in glucose metabolism disorders. The factors associated with regression of glucose metabolism disorders were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Results

The prevalence of diabetes was significantly higher in 70 (47.1%) patients with liver cirrhosis than that in 48 (16.8%) patients without liver cirrhosis. The prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance in patients with liver cirrhosis (35.7%) was significantly lower than that in patients without liver cirrhosis (47.8%). After a follow-up of 20.0 ± 18.7 days, 28 of 31 (90.3%) patients without liver cirrhosis experienced regression of glucose metabolism disorders. Additionally, 30 (54.5%) patients with liver cirrhosis experienced regression of glucose metabolism disorders after 42.0 ± 36.2 days. In patients with liver cirrhosis, those with regression of glucose metabolism disorders had significantly higher levels of homeostasis model assessment-β-cell function, albumin (ALB), and a significantly lower level of fibrosis-4 score. ALB was identified as an independent factor associated with the regression of glucose metabolism disorders in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Conclusion

Severe acute liver inflammation aggravates glucose metabolism disorders in patients with hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis and high ALB level is associated with regression of glucose metabolism disorders upon resolution of acute liver inflammation.
“Italy, for Example, Is Just Incredibly Stupid Now”. European Crisis Narrations in Relation to Italy's Response to COVID-19
Authors: Viola Lorella
Published: February 2022

Crisis narratives shape public understanding and, consequently, the response to the crisis itself. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, when in February 2020 Italy was experiencing more cases than any other country, the Italian response to the crisis originated debates over how to best respond to the outbreak. Informed by Critical Discourse Analysis theory and using narrative networks as a framework for the critical analysis of narratives, this study analyzes the discourse strategies employed by experts, politicians and other social actors from Spain, France, the Netherlands, and the UK when presenting their domestic measures in relation to Italy's response to coronavirus. The analysis shows that the narratives attached to nation-specific decisions were highly culturalized and connected to country-specific shared experiences, such as a sense of national exceptionalism built in opposition with the denigration of Italy as the Other-identity. Attribution of blame and blameworthiness was also found to be a common pattern across countries according to which Italians were framed as wrongdoers but also as deserving blame. The article also presents a comprehensive “timeline of narratives” which opens avenues for a critical reflection on the impact such narratives may have had on the understanding of the crisis, including the creation of a negative climate of division and inappropriate crisis responses.
A Man and His Minnows: The Introduction of Gambusia affinis to Mandatory Palestine
Authors: Kulman Alina , Tamïr Dan
Published: February 2022

While the ecological aspects of aquatic introductions have been thoroughly researched, lesser attention has been given to the social, historical, cultural, and ideological contexts of such intended introductions. The introduction of Gambusia affinis to Palestine was made quickly by one person, who documented the process—and hence may serve as an excellent case study: Israel Kligler's scientific reports and personal correspondence from the late 1920s and early 1930s provide us with an opportunity to witness the thoughts and ideas behind that introduction process. We find that the swift and quick introduction was facilitated by a combination of three factors: Zionist institutions' desire to test new scientific tools and methods, the colonial desire to control the environment and actively “ameliorate” it, and Kligler's close working ties with US-American institutions. We argue that histories of introductions should be regarded and analyzed by examining such technical-political conjunctures.
Near-Surface Air Temperature Dependence on Elevation and Geographical Coordinates Over Tropical Desert Land Surfaces
Authors: Kattel Dambaru Ballab , Salih Haitham Aabdin Mohamed , Yao Tandong , Ullah Kalim
Published: February 2022

This study examined 30-year ofin situobservations (1981–2010) to determine monthly, and diurnal characteristics of near-surface temperature gradients (TG) in the Sudanese desert, both spatially and with elevation. The TG variation, along with its spatial and elevation dependence, forcing mechanisms for its variability, and its relationship with moisture and gradients of other climatic variables, were evaluated using a multi-collinearity approach and empirical analysis, respectively. A distinct annual cycle was observed in both the temperature gradient (or lapse rate) with elevation (TGE) and the temperature gradient with latitude (TGLat). The TGEis strongly negative during the warmer months (summer) and less strongly negative (or even positive) during the colder months (winter). However, for TGLat,the results are reversed. The mean TGEvalue steepens during the summer due to intense adiabatic cooling during the day and less inversion during the night, while this process is reversed for the observed shallower TGLatvalue in the same season. This result is attributed to desert characteristics at the northern lower elevations or higher latitudes, as well as the effects of the ITCZ, moisture, and cloud cover as a result of high elevations at lower latitudes in the south and southwest region. Low solar insolation, and Mediterranean cold airflow and littoral effect, combined with inversion and radiative cooling at lower elevations or northern higher latitudes, lead the TGE(TGLat) value to be shallow (steep) during the drier months. Excluding the inversion and radiative cooling at night, this effect is more pronounced in the winter. The extreme high and low values of TGEand TGLat, as well as their diurnal range, were found to strongly coincide with variations in the equatorial trough, as well as diurnal radiative energy differences and the regional synoptic phenomenon. In addition to being valuable for hydro-climatic, ecological, and agricultural modeling, this study can be replicated in other tropical desert areas around the world to gain a better understanding of desert’s climate.
Study on Thermal Conductivity of Thermal Insulation Cement in Geothermal Well
Authors: Zhang Fengyan , Li Lixin
Published: February 2022

When geothermal fluid flows to the wellhead along the wellbore, there is a thermal transfer from the high-temperature geothermal fluid to the low-temperature formation. This process can directly lead to the decrease of wellhead temperature and loss of geothermal energy. Even though previous studies have confirmed that reducing the thermal conductivity of cement could validly cut down the heat loss of geothermal fluid, the influence factors of thermal conductivity are limited. In this research, we conducted detailed studies of the influence factors of thermal conductivity and compressive strength for cement. The results show that with the increase of water-cement ratio and thermal insulation materials, thermal conductivity and compressive strength decline. Furthermore, curing temperature is another important factor to improve the thermal preservation effect, but the testing temperature has the opposite influence. Based on these results, the present study concluded that porosity, Skeleton ingredients, curing temperature, and test temperature are vital factors for thermal conductivity. This research provides theoretical guidance for increasing the wellhead temperature of geothermal fluid and enhancing the efficiency of geothermal energy.
Research on the Characteristics and Influence Factors of Autumn Continuous Rain in Qinghai Province
Authors: Yang Hanwei , Shen Hongyan , Ma Yue , Yang Yawei , Wang Xiaojuan , Feng Guolin
Published: February 2022

Using daily precipitation data of national meteorological stations in Qinghai Province and reanalysis data, the main patterns of autumn continuous rain (ACR) are extracted, and key SST areas and circulation factors are searched for to analyze the possible effects on the seasonal and sub-seasonal predictability of ACR in Qinghai Province. The factors with strong precursors mainly include sea surface temperature (SST), Arctic vortex, and subtropical high. The influence of oceanic factors on ACR is relatively independent, while there is an interaction between atmospheric circulation factors. The precursors in spring are from the equatorial east-central Pacific for the main pattern with consistent precipitation distribution, and the Indian Ocean for the pattern with “saddle type” distribution. SST anomalies from the Pacific and Indian Oceans force different circulation patterns that can enhance meridional circulation over Europe-Asia and lead to different precipitation pattern of ACR. The signals from the Arctic vortex and subtropical high in June to July are indicative for ACR. The southward, westward and strong Arctic vortex, together with the south-westward extension of subtropical high over the Atlantic and Pacific can promote more ACR in Qinghai Province. Under the SST forcing and configuration of high and low latitude circulation, the meridional circulation continues to be weak, and the latitudinal circulation to be enhanced over the Eurasia in the early period, and the circulation pattern changes from type-W to type-C, which lead to positive anomaly of ACR in Qinghai Province.
Simultaneous Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of Articular Cartilage and Cortical Bone of Human Knee Joint Using Ultrashort Echo Time Sequences
Authors: Zhang Ming , Li Zhihui , Wang Hanqi , Chen Tongtong , Lu Yong , Yan Fuhua , Zhang Yuyao , Wei Hongjiang
Published: February 2022

Background

It is of great clinical importance to assess the microstructure of the articular cartilage and cortical bone of the human knee joint. While quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a promising tool for investigating the knee joint, however, previous QSM studies using conventional gradient recalled echo sequences or ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequences only focused on mapping the magnetic susceptibility of the articular cartilage or cortical bone, respectively. Simultaneously mapping the underlying susceptibilities of the articular cartilage and cortical bone of human in vivo has not been explored and reported.

Method

Three-dimensional multi-echo radial UTE sequences with the shortest TE of 0.07 msec and computed tomography (CT) were performed on the bilateral knee joints of five healthy volunteers for this prospective study. UTE-QSM was reconstructed from the local field map after water-fat separation and background field removal. Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between the magnetic susceptibility and CT values in 158 representative regions of interest of cortical bone.

Result

The susceptibility properties of the articular cartilage and cortical bone were successfully quantified by UTE-QSM. The laminar structure of articular cartilage was characterized by the difference of susceptibility value in each layer. Susceptibility was mostly diamagnetic in cortical bone. A significant negative correlation (r=−0.43, p<0.001) between the susceptibility value and CT value in cortical bone was observed.

Conclusion

UTE-QSM enables simultaneous susceptibility mapping of the articular cartilage and cortical bone of human in vivo. Good association between susceptibility and CT values in cortical bone suggests the potential of UTE-QSM for bone mapping for further clinical application.
Tetrabutylammonium (TBA)-Doped Methylammonium Lead Iodide: High Quality and Stable Perovskite Thin Films
Authors: Bouich Amal , Marí-Guaita Júlia , Sahraoui Bouchta , Palacios Pablo , Marí Bernabé
Published: February 2022

This work reported the successive incorporation of tetrabutylammonium (TBA) into Methylammonium lead Iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite. The thin films were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmittance electron microscopy (TEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), and UV-Visible spectroscopy. It was shown that introducing TBA increases the crystallinity, grain size, surface morphology without pin-hole, and roughness of the MAPbI3 thin films. Moreover, the MA(1-X)TBAX PbI3 thin film shows better stability in a relative humidity of ∼60% after 15 days than the pure MAPbI3 thin film. The obtained results are hoped to be helpful for stability and improvement of the performance of the MAPbI3 thin films by doping TBA cations under ambient conditions.