bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current trends in industry safety performance: applying scrutiny to safety issues associated with ageing facilities
Authors: O'Keeffe Derrick
Published: June 2019

The National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority (NOPSEMA) has had a direct role in highlighting safety concerns that relate to petroleum companies transferring their interests in late-life production to smaller companies. Existing projects in offshore Australia have generally been operated by medium to large companies. However, there is an emerging trend for companies to transfer their interests in late-life production titles to smaller companies with limited resources. On the basis of NOPSEMA’s experience, such smaller companies have limited means to deal with unexpected maintenance, decommissioning requirements and associated safety measures. This paper will explore the impacts of this trend on maintaining safe operations.
Reduced manning with improved safety and reliability: how classification societies and digital solutions can support operators
Authors: Tipping Mark
Published: June 2019

The oil and gas industry is moving steadily towards automation and remote control of processes, which has the added advantage of removing personnel from the immediate danger of the offshore workplace. However, significant challenges remain to be met before the more complex type of offshore facility (especially floating facilities) can be operated fully unmanned, particularly when it comes to maintenance and repair campaigns. In particular, even though human life may be protected, the consequence of a major pollution incident occurring as a result of lack of sufficient manned surveillance is increasingly unacceptable in today’s society, and solutions have to protect these requirements as well. With today’s technologies and the pace of innovation, it is not difficult to envisage facilities in the near future where manned intervention is reduced to a far lower level than currently prevalent, perhaps even eliminated as robotics steadily advance. We can already begin to consider design features and systems that will make new facilities ready for such advances so that projects can absorb benefits from innovation as it occurs. The role of independent bodies such as the classification societies is to assess the design, construction and operation of offshore facilities and issue certification that gives regulators, financiers and insurers alike the confidence to support developments. For floating facilities this includes formal classification and a requirement for detailed knowledge of the state of the structure. This paper explores the methods that the classification society can use to support the aims of the offshore industry for reduced manning with improved safety and reliability.
A tale of two gases
Authors: Finkel AO Alan
Published: June 2019

There is not an abstract available for this presentation. To view the video, click the link on the right.
APPEA Closing Address
Authors: McConville Andrew
Published: June 2019

There is not an abstract available for this presentation. To view the video, click the link on the right.
Panel discussion: Perceptions of the modern industry
Authors: Fullerton Ticky , Barrett Damien , Bennett Peter , Davies Ian , Perrow Melissa , Corbett Christine
Published: June 2019

There is not an abstract available for this discussion. To view the video, click the link on the right.
Tolerable ranges of fluid shear for early life-stage fishes: implications for safe fish passage at hydropower and irrigation infrastructure
Authors: Navarro Anna , Boys Craig A. , Robinson Wayne , Baumgartner Lee J. , Miller Brett , Deng Zhiqun D. , Finlayson C. Max
Published: June 2019

Egg and larval fish drifting downstream are likely to encounter river infrastructure leading to mortality. Elevated fluid shear is one likely cause. To confirm this and determine tolerable strain rates resulting from fluid shear, egg and larvae of three Australian species were exposed to a high-velocity, submerged jet in a laboratory flume. Mortality was modelled over a broad range of strain rates, allowing critical thresholds to be estimated. Eggs were very susceptible to mortality at low strain rates and 100% of golden and silver perch died once strain rate exceeded 629 and 148s–1 respectively. Larvae were less vulnerable than eggs, but mortality increased at higher strain rates and at younger ages. Most ages of larvae will be protected if strain rate does not exceed 600s–1, although a lower guideline of less than 400s–1 may be needed in areas where very early stage Murray cod larvae drift. Golden perch and silver perch were not susceptible to shear once maturity reached ~25 days post-hatch (nearing juvenile metamorphosis). The thresholds described here will prove useful when refining design and operational guidelines for hydropower and irrigation infrastructure to improve fish survival.
Buckling and twisting of advanced materials into morphable 3D mesostructures
Authors: Zhao Hangbo , Li Kan , Han Mengdi , Zhu Feng , Vázquez-Guardado Abraham , Guo Peijun , Xie Zhaoqian , Park Yoonseok , Chen Lin , Wang Xueju , Luan Haiwen , Yang Yiyuan , Wang Heling , Liang Cunman , Xue Yeguang , Schaller Richard D. , Chanda Debashis , Huang Yonggang , Zhang Yihui , Rogers John A.
Published: June 2019

Significance

The growing availability of 3D manufacturing methods has implications across diverse applications, from ship building to microelectronics processing. Systems with sizes in the micrometer and millimeter regime are of particular interest, where few techniques offer the necessary range of capabilities in throughput, materials compatibility, and design versatility. Recently reported techniques for mechanically guided 3D assembly offer many appealing features, but limitations remain, such as those in formation of structures with chiral features and morphable shapes. Here we present concepts that allow controlled introduction of twisting into 3D mesostructures. The results provide access to many classes of previously unachievable 3D architectures, as illustrated through nearly 2 dozen examples in diverse materials and across a wide span of length scales.
Pulcherrimin formation controls growth arrest of the
Bacillus subtilis
biofilm
Authors: Arnaouteli Sofia , Matoz-Fernandez D. A. , Porter Michael , Kalamara Margarita , Abbott James , MacPhee Cait E. , Davidson Fordyce A. , Stanley-Wall Nicola R.
Published: June 2019

Biofilm formation by
Bacillus subtilis
is a communal process that culminates in the formation of architecturally complex multicellular communities. Here we reveal that the transition of the biofilm into a nonexpanding phase constitutes a distinct step in the process of biofilm development. Using genetic analysis we show that
B. subtilis
strains lacking the ability to synthesize pulcherriminic acid form biofilms that sustain the expansion phase, thereby linking pulcherriminic acid to growth arrest. However, production of pulcherriminic acid is not sufficient to block expansion of the biofilm. It needs to be secreted into the extracellular environment where it chelates Fe
3+
from the growth medium in a nonenzymatic reaction. Utilizing mathematical modeling and a series of experimental methodologies we show that when the level of freely available iron in the environment drops below a critical threshold, expansion of the biofilm stops. Bioinformatics analysis allows us to identify the genes required for pulcherriminic acid synthesis in other Firmicutes but the patchwork presence both within and across closely related species suggests loss of these genes through multiple independent recombination events. The seemingly counterintuitive self-restriction of growth led us to explore if there were any benefits associated with pulcherriminic acid production. We identified that pulcherriminic acid producers can prevent invasion by neighboring communities through the generation of an “iron-free” zone, thereby addressing the paradox of pulcherriminic acid production by
B. subtilis
.
The epigenetic regulator ATF7ip inhibits Il2 expression, regulating Th17 responses
Authors: Sin Jun Hyung , Zuckerman Cassandra , Cortez Jessica T. , Eckalbar Walter L. , Erle David J. , Anderson Mark S. , Waterfield Michael R.
Published: June 2019

T helper 17 cells (Th17) are critical for fighting infections at mucosal surfaces; however, they have also been found to contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple autoimmune diseases and have been targeted therapeutically. Due to the role of Th17 cells in autoimmune pathogenesis, it is important to understand the factors that control Th17 development. Here we identify the activating transcription factor 7 interacting protein (ATF7ip) as a critical regulator of Th17 differentiation. Mice with T cell–specific deletion of Atf7ip have impaired Th17 differentiation secondary to the aberrant overproduction of IL-2 with T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation and are resistant to colitis in vivo. ChIP-seq studies identified ATF7ip as an inhibitor of Il2 gene expression through the deposition of the repressive histone mark H3K9me3 in the Il2-Il21 intergenic region. These results demonstrate a new epigenetic pathway by which IL-2 production is constrained, and this may open up new avenues for modulating its production.
Regulation of heart rate and the pacemaker current by phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling
Authors: Lin Richard Z. , Lu Zhongju , Anyukhovsky Evgeny P. , Jiang Ya-Ping , Wang Hong Zhan , Gao Junyuan , Rosen Michael R. , Ballou Lisa M. , Cohen Ira S.
Published: June 2019

Heart rate in physiological conditions is set by the sinoatrial node (SN), the primary cardiac pacing tissue. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling is a major regulatory pathway in all normal cells, and its dysregulation is prominent in diabetes, cancer, and heart failure. Here, we show that inhibition of PI3K slows the pacing rate of the SN in situ and in vitro and reduces the early slope of diastolic depolarization. Furthermore, inhibition of PI3K causes a negative shift in the voltage dependence of activation of the pacemaker current, IF, while addition of its second messenger, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, induces a positive shift. These shifts in the activation of IF are independent of, and larger than, those induced by the autonomic nervous system. These results suggest that PI3K is an important regulator of heart rate, and perturbations in this signaling pathway may contribute to the development of arrhythmias.
Pocket guide to solve inverse problems with GlobalBioIm
Authors: Soubies Emmanuel , Soulez Ferréol , McCann Michael T , Pham Thanh-an , Donati Laurène , Debarre Thomas , Sage Daniel , Unser Michael
Published: June 2019

GlobalBioIm is an open-source MATLAB® library for solving inverse problems. The library capitalizes on the strong commonalities between forward models to standardize the resolution of a wide range of imaging inverse problems. Endowed with an operator-algebra mechanism, GlobalBioIm allows one to easily solve inverse problems by combining elementary modules in a lego-like fashion. This user-friendly toolbox gives access to cutting-edge reconstruction algorithms, while its high modularity makes it easily extensible to new modalities and novel reconstruction methods. We expect GlobalBioIm to respond to the needs of imaging scientists looking for reliable and easy-to-use computational tools for solving their inverse problems. In this paper, we present in detail the structure and main features of the library. We also illustrate its flexibility with examples from multichannel deconvolution microscopy.
Source term calculation and validation for 18F-production with a cyclotron for medical applications at HZDR
Authors: Konheiser J , Müller S E , Magin A , Naumann B , Ferrari A
Published: June 2019

In this document we present the calculation and experimental validation of a source term for 18F-production with a cyclotron for medical applications operating at 18 MeV proton energy and 30 μA proton current. The Monte Carlo codes MCNP6 and FLUKA were used for the calculation of the source term. In addition, the radiation field around the 18O-enriched water target was simulated with the two codes. To validate the radiation field obtained in the simulation, an experimental program has been started using activation samples which are placed close to the water target during an 18F-production run of the cyclotron. After the irradiation, the samples are analysed and the resulting activation is compared to Monte Carlo calculations of the expected sample activation. We find good agreement between simulations and experimental results, with most calculation to experiment (C/E) ratios well between 0.6 and 1.4.
Practical decoy-state method for twin-field quantum key distribution
Authors: Grasselli Federico , Curty Marcos
Published: June 2019

Twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) represents a novel QKD approach whose principal merit is to beat the point-to-point private capacity of a lossy quantum channel, thanks to performing single-photon interference in an untrusted node. Indeed, recent security proofs of various TF-QKD type protocols have confirmed that the secret key rate of these schemes scales essentially as the square root of the transmittance of the channel. Here, we focus on the TF-QKD protocol introduced by Curty et al, whose secret key rate is nearly an order of magnitude higher than previous solutions. Its security relies on the estimation of the detection probabilities associated to various photon-number states through the decoy-state method. We derive analytical bounds on these quantities assuming that each party uses either two, three or four decoy intensity settings, and we investigate the protocol’s performance in this scenario. Our simulations show that two decoy intensity settings are enough to beat the point-to-point private capacity of the channel, and that the use of four decoys is already basically optimal, in the sense that it almost reproduces the ideal scenario of infinite decoys. We also observe that the protocol seems to be quite robust against intensity fluctuations of the optical pulses prepared by the parties.
Minimal model for tidal bore revisited
Authors: Berry M V
Published: June 2019

This develops a recent analysis of gentle undular tidal bores (2018 New J. Phys.
20 053066) and corrects an error. The simplest linear-wave superposition, of monochromatic waves propagating according to the shallow-water dispersion relation, leads to a family of profiles satisfying natural tidal bore boundary conditions, involving initial smoothed steps with different shapes. These profiles can be uniformly approximated to high accuracy in terms of the integral of an Airy function with deformed argument. For the long times corresponding to realistic bores, the profiles condense asymptotically onto the previously obtained integral-Airy function with linear argument: as the bore propagates, it forgets the shape of the initial step. The integral-Airy profile expands slowly, as the cube root of time, rather than advancing rigidly. This ‘minimal model’ leads to simple formulas for the main properties of the profile: amplitude, maximum slope, ‘wavelength’, and steepness; and an assumption about energy loss suggests how the bore weakens as it propagates.
Maximum Power Point Tracking of PV Systems Based On a Novel Adaptive Variable Step Size INC MPPT Method
Authors: WeiFeng You , Yan Cui
Published: June 2019

In the future solar energy will become a very important green energy. Maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) technology is widely used in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems to generate peak power for PV arrays that depend on solar irradiation and ambient temperature. Literature[1] shows that the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology can improve the efficiency of photoelectric conversion by more than 20% and the economic cost is relatively low. Based on PROTUES, the output characteristics of PV arrays under different shadow conditions are simulated and the rule between local maximum power point and open circuit voltage is obtained. Among all the MPPT strategies, the incremental conductance (INC) algorithm and perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm are widely used due to the high tracking accuracy at steady state and easy implementation.In this paper, a novel adaptive variable step size INC MPPT method is proposed according to the above rule. This algorithm not only has the advantage of INC, but also can automatically adjust the step size to track the maximum power point of PV arrays. Compared with the adaptive perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm, the proposed approach can effectively improve the MPPT steady-state response speed and accuracy simultaneously. The theoretical analysis and design principle of the proposed algorithm are presented in this paper. The simulation results show that the algorithm can accurately track the maximum power point (MPP) with shadow. The average tracking time is only 0.13 seconds, and the power tracking efficiency reaches 98%.
Research on Construction of Intelligent Operational Simulation Test Environment
Authors: Ying Cheng , Xiaochao Wu , Xiangdong Gao , Qingde Gao
Published: June 2019

With the development of simulation technologies, simulation test has become an important means of weapon equipment demonstration, finalization and operational test and evaluation, but the simulation test system built for the performance evaluation cannot meet the requirements of system of systems (SoS) operational test and evaluation. This paper analyzes the requirements of the operational simulation test for the intelligent simulation test system and puts forward an intelligent simulation framework of the complex simulation test system and its main elements, which realizes the simulation of the operational activities with uncertain confrontation process and can support the demonstration, construction and evaluation of the weapon equipment system. The research results have been applied to the construction of a certain simulation system and provided support for the test and evaluation of equipment SoS tests.
Android-Based Intelligent Farmer Power Management System
Authors: Song Yao , Zhu Kun
Published: June 2019

Intelligent farmer power management system software is available for intelligent, small, single-user rural farmer systems. It is mainly used for real-time monitoring, data analysis and comprehensive coordinated control of solar energy, farm household consumption and energy storage units. The traditional farmer power management system is based on the Internet B/S structure and is developed using a standard J2EE platform. It requires an independent computer, software server, and database server to support operation and access. Based on the Android operating system, middleware and key applications, the intelligent farmer power management system software platform is based on the basic business of intelligent farmer power system consumption management, and solves the needs of farmers for real-time and historical data consumption. The easy-to-carry mobile phone smart terminal device overcomes the drawbacks that must be accessed by a computer, and can be conveniently and flexibly used for login, data access and remote control at any time, and is an important means for intelligent agriculture and intelligent farmer business promotion.
Research on Consume Law Prediction of Plane Tyre Based on Principal Component Regression
Authors: Feng Zhang , Bing Chen , Shouquan Wang , Gaolun Cui , Weibo Guo
Published: June 2019

Considering the problem of collinearity, the consume law of plane tyre is analyzed and predicted with R language statistics analysis soft based on Linear Regression. The analysis results accord with the real condition. Thus the method is proved practicably.
Research on Consumption Law Prediction of aircraft spares based on Holt-Winters
Authors: Feng Zhang , Bing Chen , Shouquan Wang , Gaolun Cui , Weibo Guo
Published: June 2019

In view of the trend and seasonal factors affecting the consumption of spare parts for aviation spares, the Holt-Winters exponential smoothing method was used for prediction research. The analysis results are consistent with the actual situation, and the practice proves that the method is feasible.
The Water Impermeability and Self-repairing Performance of the Rapid Setting Polymer-modified Waterproof Mortar
Authors: Li Yanwen , Xue Xiao , Yang Zhuo , Zhang Weidong , Xu Lijin , Qin Jie , Qu Jian , Zhang Hongqiang , Zhang Ziying , Zhang Rongpu , Zhang Yangang
Published: June 2019

The water impermeability of the rapid setting conventional and polymer-modified waterproof mortars is systematically compared in this paper. Additionally, the self-repairing performance of the rapid setting polymer-modified waterproof mortar is highlighted. Compared with the rapid setting conventional waterproof mortar, the rapid setting polymer-modified waterproof mortar possesses better water impermeability. Furthermore, the presence of the specific reactive chemical compound is justified to improve the secondary water impermeability and thus the self-repairing property of the rapid setting polymer-modified waterproof mortar.
An Overview of Research on FDM 3D Printing Process of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Zhao Hongyuan , Liu Xiaodong , Zhao Wei , Wang Gong , Liu Bingshan
Published: June 2019

Continuous fiber reinforced composites have excellent mechanical properties, but traditional processes are costly, complex to form, have a long production cycle, and are only suitable for relatively simple structures, which limits the wider application of the material. Fuse Deposition Modeling(FDM) 3D printing has the advantages of simple process, fast molding, low cost, and the ability to manufacture high-complexity structures, which provides the possibility of low-cost and rapid prototyping of composite materials. In this paper, several FDM 3D printing processes for continuous fiber composites are reviewed, and the effects of some related process parameters on the properties of the composites are analyzed. Finally, the problems of FDM 3D printing continuous fiber reinforced composites are pointed out.
Analysis of expression of cytokines in intestinal mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Shen Mengdie , Meng Lina
Published: June 2019

Inflammatory bowel disease has been common in developed countries in the past, but in recent years, with the continuous improvement of material living conditions in China, the incidence of IBD in China is on the rise. In this paper, the sample was selected and tested to analyze the expression of cytokines in the intestinal mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The biggest feature of this paper is not only the analysis of the expression of cytokines, but also the analysis of the symptoms and hazards of IBD. At the same time, based on the classification study of the specimen patients, the expression patterns of cytokines under different genders and different clinical manifestations were investigated, and it is hoped that the related research will be helpful.
Implementation of Guided Inquiry Learning With Scaffolding Strategy to Increase Critical Thinking Skills Of Biology Students’ Based On Lesson Study
Authors: Makmur W , Susilo H , Indriwati S E
Published: June 2019

The aims of this study were to describe the application of guided inquiry with a scaffolding strategy based on lesson study to improve critical thinking skills. This type of research is classroom action research. The results showed that guided inquiry with a scaffolding strategy based on lesson study can improve critical thinking skills. Guided inquiry is an inquiry learning model that actively involves students in the learning process directly and improves mastery of concepts. Scaffolding is learning in which students are given a number of assistance during the early stages of learning and then reduce assistance slowly and give responsibility to students to carry out the specified learning. Lesson Study can reflect the teaching and learning process in the classroom and has the potential to build a learning community in schools that results in improvements in the learning process and increases teacher knowledge that focuses on students and the material taught. The results showed that guided inquiry with a scaffolding strategy based on lesson study can improve critical thinking skills in applying indicators from cycle I to cycle II around 27.5%, analysing from cycle I to cycle II around 15%, using data from cycle I to cycle II around 15% and synthesized from cycle I to cycle II around 25%. It is hoped that further research will apply other models to improve critical thinking skills.
Implementing inquiry learning model to improve primary school students’ critical thinking on earth and universe concept
Authors: Azriani N , Islami N , Hermita N , Nor M , Syaodih E , Handayani H , Zulirfan Z , Suhandi A , Malik A , Mahbubah K , Samsudin A
Published: June 2019

21st century skills are a very important skill and must be possessed by students, one of them is critical thinking skills. This study aims to improve primary students’ critical thinking by implementation inquiry learning model. Instrument test in this study was 10 question and essay format, and it was adapted by Ennis critical thinking framework. Method this study is quasi experiment. This research was conducted by 54 subjects of primary school students in Pekanbaru. The results of this research obtained students’ seen from the value of the gain index after implemented inquiry learning model was in medium category. It could be concluded that the inquiry learning model can improve primary students’ critical thinking skills on Earth and universe concept.
Divergent and Creative Thinking Skills of XI Graders of Senior High School in Bantul District in Mastering Scientific Methods in Biology
Authors: Ramadhan A N , Subali B , Cahyani F N
Published: June 2019

This study aimed to determine the level of divergent and creative thinking skills of XI graders in mastering scientific methods in biology and their differences based on gender and levels of most desirable school. This research was a descriptive study using the survey method conducted between March and April 2018. The population in this study were all students of grade XI of senior high schools in Bantul District. Sampling was carried out through stratified sampling to obtain 259 respondents from 3 senior high schools in Bantul District. The independent variable in this study was the levels of most desirable school and gender, while the dependent variable involved students’ divergent and creative thinking skills in mastering scientific methods. Data was collected using questionnaire and test. The results showed that; (1) the average score of divergent thinking skills was classified as medium (17.00), while the average score of creative thinking skills was low (41.07), (2) the results of one-way ANOVA indicated that there was no significant difference in the mean scores of divergent and creative thinking skills based on the levels of most desirable school, (3) female students have better divergent and creative thinking skills in mastering scientific methods than male students.
TPACK Observation Instrument: Development, Validation, and Reliability
Authors: Khoirul Antony Muhammad , Paidi
Published: June 2019

The aims of this study is to develop an observation instrument and test the validity and reliability used to measure the performance of biology teachers to apply TPACK in the learning process. This research is included in the DDR. The steps to develop TPACK observation instruments are, (1) analysis of products to be developed; (2) initial product development; (3) product validation; (4) field trials; and (5) product revisions. TPACK observation instrument was trialed on 11 biology teachers in two provinces, Yogyakarta and Central Java in August 2018, involving 4 rater. Face validity and empirical validity were carried out. Instrument face validity involves 2 expert judgements and empirical validity is determined by looking for Biserial Correlation value. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is used to test reliability. Empirical validity based on the value of Biserial Correlation shows that all items are valid with R count> 0.602. The reliability value of the TPACK instrument disclosed by the ICC is 1,000, which means that the instrument has a high reliability level. In addition, the development of both reliable and valid scale related to the technological pedagogical content knowledge of biology teachers’ would be promote further studies.
Improving Critical Thinking Skills To Learn Heredity With Discovery Based Unity of Sciences (DBUS) Model
Authors: Khasanah Nur , Sajidan  , Sutarno  , Prayitno B A
Published: June 2019

The Background of this research is the study of the integration of science and religion in science learning in Islamic Higher Education. The study discusses how to teach biology with Discovery Based Unity of Sciences (DBUS) model to improve students’ critical thinking skill. Observation of research at UIN Walisongo and UIN Sunan Kalijaga. Classroom learning uses a discovery based Unity of sciences (DBUS) model. Samples in the study were 96 students of UIN Walisongo and 94 students of UIN Sunan Kalijaga in first year 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. The research used experimental method with T test pre-test post-test experiment. The N-gain obtained by the experimental class is 0.23 is greater than the control group of 0.09 in UIN Walisongo. The gain obtained from the experimental class is 0.54 greater than the control group 0.16 in Sunan Kalijaga UIN. The results of the DBUS model study are feasible to improve critical thinking skills of heredity learning. Content validity between 0.75 to 1.00. Construct validity using Structural equetion model (SEM) method with lisrel analysis 8.7 with loading factor value of all critical thinking skill 0,575 and T-value of DBUS model> 1.96. The effectiveness of DBUS model with statistical test at UIN Walisongo Semarang by value of t value = 9,326 with sig 0,000 <0,05 and UIN Sunan Kalijaga obtained t value = 25,582 with sig value 0,000 <0,05.
The Implementation of Stim HOTs Model to Improve Student’s Problem solving Skill of Metabolism Learning in Senior High School
Authors: Rahmawati D , Sajidan  , Ashadi  , Afandi  , Prasetyanti N M
Published: June 2019

The improvement of problem solving skills trained onworksheet learning activity through Stimulation Higher Order Thinking skills (Sim-HOTs)model. The goal of the research is improvement problem solving skill in Senior High School Surakarta in metabolism lesson. Subject of this research were students of twelve (12) grade MIPA SMAN 3 Surakarta. Data was collected by using open-ended test based on Mourtus, and divided into six indicators namely defining the problem, exploringthe problem, planning solution, using solution, checking solution and evaluation. Technique analysis data wasindependent T-test. The result of this research show the aspects of improvemen tstudent’s problem solving skills that are defining the problem, checking solution and evaluation
Developing an Observation Instrument to Measure Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK) of Biology Teacher in Learning Process
Authors: Astuti F E C , Paidi
Published: June 2019

Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK) was a knowledge that must be mastered by the teacher for measuring a suitable technology for supporting the strategic application of teaching. TPK was important to be studied because it was the most influencing aspect for teacher’s TPACK. Basically, there was no observation instrument that discovers the TPK of biology teacher. The aim of this research was to develop an observation instrument for measuring TPK of biology teacher in learning process. The method used is design and development research (DDR) by Richey and Klein model. The instrument framework was developed based on educational standard for teacher in Indonesia, and then it was used to develop the items. Instrument will be tested for face validity by evaluation and education experts. Instruments that pass the face validity check were tried out on 11 teachers from six schools in DIY and Central Java region. The result showed that 11 items pass the empirical validity based on point biserial correlation and interater reliability was 0.968 based on intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) - that means all items in the category were reliable. Thus, the observation instrument is qualified to measure the TPK of biology teacher in learning process.
Wing design of uav serindit v-1
Authors: Anuar K , Akbar M , Herisiswanto
Published: June 2019

UAVs are controlled aircraft without the presence of pilots in them. In its use, UAVs have been used for both military and civilian purposes. In the field of plantations, UAVs are used for mapping and monitoring (survey) of an area such as areas of industrial plantations, oil palm plantations and areas of forest fire disaster in a timely and precise manner. To develop a UAV capable of carrying out the mission of mapping the coastal estate’s area, in this research is done wing design UAV which is named serindit V-1. The design process begins with the design concept, then proceed with a preliminary design that aims to determine the dimensions and initial configuration of the wing UAV serindit V-1. Furthermore, the wing UAV serindit V-1 is simulated on XFLR5 software using Clark’s airfoil, GOE 611 and S7055. Simulations were performed to see the characteristics of aerodynamic at takeoff speed (12 m / s), cruising speed (20 m / s) and maximum speed (30 m / s). Simulation result at the take-off speed and cruising speed show the lift coefficients produced by the three airfoils meet the requirements. Then, the highest value of the lift coefficient ratio to the air drag coefficient at cruising speed, produced by airfoil S7055 at a 3-degree angle of attack. Furthermore, the graph of the pitching moment coefficient on all angles of attack produced by the three airfoils shows a negative gradient. This shows the condition of wing stability in the pitching direction.
Proximate and morphology properties of swat bamboo activated carbon carburized under different carbonization temperature
Authors: Astika I M , Negara D N K P , Kencanawati C I P K , Nindhia T G T , Hidajat F
Published: June 2019

Activated carbon (AC) has an important role in many life fields. It has high porosity and very useful for gas mixtures separation and purification of air and water. Every application requires specific properties of AC. Characteristics of AC are strongly influenced by raw material and parameters of manufacturing process. This paper is focused to characterize of activated carbons (ACs) derived from swat bamboo (Gigantochloa verticillata) which is manufactured under different carbonization temperatures. Prepared samples of swat bamboo were carbonized by heating variations of 550, 650 and 750°C and held at such temperature for 1 hour. Char yielded is powdered and meshed to maximum grain size of 250um and then physically activated by heating up to 800°C, held for 1 hour by flowing of 150 mL / min nitrogen. The results show that there was an increase in fix carbon and carbon contents from raw material to char and from char to ACs yielded; there were a little bit increase of fix carbon and carbon contents proportional to increasing of carbonization temperature. The maximum fix carbon (74.73%) and C (75.52) were obtained at carbonization temperature of 750°C. SEM observation showed that there has been a change in the morphology microstructure from raw material to activated carbons, wherein the ACs the pores structures clearly can be observed.
Wear of nickel-tungsten layer on carbon steel with varying contact surface temperature
Authors: Widiyarta I M , Parwata I M , Lokantara I P
Published: June 2019

The aim of Nickel-Tungsten coatings on the material of carbon steel is to improve the wear resistance of the material. However, with the elevated contact temperature due to friction force in the surface area of sliding may alter the wear resistance of Nickel-Tungsten layers. If the elevated temperature is quite high to reduce the hardness performance of Nickel-Tungsten layers, the layers may be degraded more quickly. In this work, Nickel-Tungsten was deposited on the surface of medium carbon steel in the process of flame powder spray coating with layer thickness of about 0.2 mm. The wear test was conducted using linear reciprocating ball-on-plat with varying surface temperature of about 30°C up to about 250°C. The wear rate and wear mechanism of Nickel-Tungsten layer is investigated.
Properties of thermal conductivity, density and hardness of aluminium matrices with reinforcement of sicw / al2o3 hybrid after sintering process
Authors: Suarsana K , Astika I M , Sunu P W
Published: June 2019

The material of composite hybrid Al / (SiCw + Al2O3) is a mixture of fine aluminium powder as a matrix while Silicon Carbide whiskers (SiCw) and Alumina (Al2O3) as reinforcement. Powder metallurgy method is used to manufacture composites according to the form of test specimens. Testing without treatment and after sintering treatment with temperature parameters and sintering time of 500 and 600°C at holding time 6 hours. This research was conducted to know the properties of thermal conductivity, hardness, density and SEM analysis after sintering process. The results show that the sintering process that has been carried out can provide a percentage increase and affect the composite properties. Improved thermal, hardness and density occurs due to stronger or denser interface bonds between the matrix and reinforcement influenced by increasing sintering temperatures, so sintering processes can affect composites on physical and mechanical properties.
The using of sound signal and simple microphone to detect damages in induction motor
Authors: Huda F , Anggriawan A , Rusli M
Published: June 2019

In this work, the induction motor damage detection based on sound signal was developed by using simple microphone and sound card as sound data grabber to reduce the cost of instrument. For that purpose, the induction motor apparatus was constructed, and the artificial damages were applied to induction motor to make the conditions of unbalance, broken rotor, and bearing fault. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and wavelet transform were then used to process sound signal, to show the signature of each type of damage. The results show that the unbalance exhibited very clear large wavelet coefficient in the frequency of 1x rotational speed. In the broken rotor bar damage, the strong red color of wavelet graph appeared in the sideband frequencies associated with the broken rotor bar (fBB). Further more, the bearing fault case showed the different color contour of wavelet graph in the ball-pass outer raceway frequency (fBPOF). It can be concluded that the using of sound signal and simple microphone were powerful tools to detect unbalance, broken rotor and bearing fault in induction motor.
Solidification characteristic of cu-20%sn bronze alloys casting process by using sand and metal molds
Authors: Sugita I K G , Priambadi I G N , Kencanawati C I P K , Astawa K
Published: June 2019

Solidification is an essential part of casting process. This is a change process range from liquid phase into solid phase. Difference of solidification rate affects the needed time to change liquid phase into solid phase as well as the release of latent heat. This study aimed at reviewing solidification characteristic of Cu-20%Sn Bronze Alloys as Balinese gamelan materials during casting process by using sand and metal molds. Pure commercial copper (Cu) and white tin (Sn) were melted in crucible furnace until 1000°C. The melted metal was poured into sand and metal molds. History of solidification temperature was measured and recorded by using thermocouple type K which was directly connected to computer equipped with data acquisition system. The results of this study showed that the solidification rate of casting process in metal molds faster than sollidification rate on using sand molds. Finer dendrites with multiple branches are formed on casting on metal molds than compared that dendrite forms that produced on castings by sand molds
Reciprocal regulation of actomyosin organization and contractility in nonmuscle cells by tropomyosins and alpha-actinins
Authors: Hu Shiqiong , Grobe Hanna , Guo Zhenhuan , Wang Yu-Hsiu , Doss Bryant L. , Pan Meng , Ladoux Benoit , Bershadsky Alexander D. , Zaidel-Bar Ronen
Published: June 2019

Contractile arrays of actin and myosin II filaments drive many essential processes in nonmuscle cells, including migration and adhesion. Sequential organization of actin and myosin along one dimension is followed by expansion into a two-dimensional network of parallel actomyosin fibers, in which myosin filaments are aligned to form stacks. The process of stack formation has been studied in detail. However, factors that oppose myosin stack formation have not yet been described. Here, we show that tropomyosins act as negative regulators of myosin stack formation. Knockdown of any or all tropomyosin isoforms in rat embryonic fibroblasts resulted in longer and more numerous myosin stacks and a highly ordered actomyosin organization. The molecular basis for this, we found, is the competition between tropomyosin and alpha-actinin for binding actin. Surprisingly, excessive order in the actomyosin network resulted in smaller focal adhesions, lower tension within the network, and smaller traction forces. Conversely, disordered actomyosin bundles induced by alpha-actinin knockdown led to higher than normal tension and traction forces. Thus, tropomyosin acts as a check on alpha-actinin to achieve intermediate levels of myosin stacks matching the force requirements of the cell.
Anchoring of actin to the plasma membrane enables tension production in the fission yeast cytokinetic ring
Authors: Wang Shuyuan , O’Shaughnessy Ben
Published: June 2019

The cytokinetic ring generates tensile force that drives cell division, but how tension emerges from the relatively disordered ring organization remains unclear. Long ago, a musclelike sliding filament mechanism was proposed, but evidence for sarcomeric order is lacking. Here we present quantitative evidence that in fission yeast, ring tension originates from barbed-end anchoring of actin filaments to the plasma membrane, providing resistance to myosin forces that enables filaments to develop tension. The role of anchoring was highlighted by experiments on isolated fission yeast rings, where sections of ring became unanchored from the membrane and shortened ∼30-fold faster than normal. The dramatically elevated constriction rates are unexplained. Here we present a molecularly explicit simulation of constricting partially anchored rings as studied in these experiments. Simulations accurately reproduced the experimental constriction rates and showed that following anchor release, a segment becomes tensionless and shortens via a novel noncontractile reeling-in mechanism at about the velocity of load-free myosin II. The ends are reeled in by barbed end–anchored actin filaments in adjacent segments. Other actin anchoring schemes failed to constrict rings. Our results quantitatively support a specific organization and anchoring scheme that generate tension in the cytokinetic ring.
An ensemble method for interval-censored time-to-event data
Authors: Yao Weichi , Frydman Halina , Simonoff Jeffrey S
Published: June 2019

Interval-censored data analysis is important in biomedical statistics for any type of time-to-event response where the time of response is not known exactly, but rather only known to occur between two assessment times. Many clinical trials and longitudinal studies generate interval-censored data; one common example occurs in medical studies that entail periodic follow-up. In this article, we propose a survival forest method for interval-censored data based on the conditional inference framework. We describe how this framework can be adapted to the situation of interval-censored data. We show that the tuning parameters have a non-negligible effect on the survival forest performance and guidance is provided on how to tune the parameters in a data-dependent way to improve the overall performance of the method. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the proposed survival forest is at least as effective as a survival tree method when the underlying model has a tree structure, performs similarly to an interval-censored Cox proportional hazards model fit when the true relationship is linear, and outperforms the survival tree method and Cox model when the true relationship is nonlinear. We illustrate the application of the method on a tooth emergence data set.
Improving the Infectious Diseases Physician Scientist Workforce From the View of Junior Investigators: Vision, Transparency, and Reproducibility
Authors: Collins Jeffrey M , Wallender Erika K , Woodworth Michael H
Published: June 2019

Shortcomings in the current pipeline of infectious disease physician scientists are well documented. With a focus on the transition of early stage investigators to research independence, we outline challenges in existing training pathways for physician scientists. We urge leaders of infectious disease societies, divisions, and governmental and nongovernmental funding organizations to reinvigorate a vision for nurturing trainees with interests in research, to seek transparency in physician scientist funding mechanisms, and to encourage efforts to improve the reproducibility of outcomes for talented junior investigators. We feel that the alternative to making these changes will lead to further drop-off in the physician scientist pipeline in a field that has a perpetual need for research.
CHA2DS2-VASc score performance to predict stroke after acute decompensated heart failure with and without reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Berkovitch Anat , Mazin Israel , Younis Arwa , Shlomo Nir , Nof Eyal , Goldenberg Ilan , Beinart Roy
Published: June 2019

Aims

To validate the utility of CHA2DS2-VASc score to predict the annual risk of stroke in patients admitted with acute heart failure, comparing those with preserved ejection fraction (HF-presEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HF-redEF).

Methods and results

We investigated 2922 patients with known atrial fibrillation who were admitted to the Sheba Medical Center for acute decompensated heart failure (HF). Anticoagulation therapy was prescribed based on CHA2DS2-VASc score or physician’s discretion. Subjects were divided into four pre-specified groups based on HF type and median CHA2DS2-VASc score: HF-presEF with CHA2DS2-VASc <5(N = 731), HF-presEF with CHA2DS2-VASc ≥5 (N = 1102), HF-redEF with CHA2DS2-VASc <5 (N = 563), and HF-redEF with CHADS2-VASc ≥5 (N = 526). The primary endpoint was an ischaemic stroke at 1 year. Mean age of the study population was 79 ± 11 years, of whom more than half were women. The median CHA2DS2-VASc score for the entire study population was 5.0 (interquartile range 25–75%: 4–6). Stroke rate for the entire study population was 6.6%. Multivariate Cox regression proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that in both HF-redEF and HF-presEF patients, each one-point increment in CHA2DS2-VASc was associated with a corresponding 28% increase in stroke risk (P < 0.001). The Kaplan–Meier’s survival analysis revealed that in the same CHADS2-VASc category (high vs. low), no difference was found between HF-redEF and HF-presEF with regards to the risk of stroke.

Conclusion

Our key finding is that the CHA2DS2-VASc score is a valid and powerful predictor of subsequent stroke among patients admitted with acute heart failure decompensation regardless of heart failure type.