bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical and comparative transcriptome analyses reveal different regulatory mechanisms in the terpenoid biosynthesis pathways between Matricaria recutita L. and Chamaemelum nobile L.
Authors: Tai Yuling , Hou Xiaojuan , Liu Chun , Sun Jiameng , Guo Chunxiao , Su Ling , Jiang Wei , Ling Chengcheng , Wang Chengxiang , Wang Huanhuan , Pan Guifang , Si Xiongyuan , Yuan Yi
Published: February 2020

Background

Matricaria recutita (German chamomile) and Chamaemelum nobile (Roman chamomile) belong to the botanical family Asteraceae. These two herbs are not only morphologically distinguishable, but their secondary metabolites – especially the essential oils present in flowers are also different, especially the terpenoids. The aim of this project was to preliminarily identify regulatory mechanisms in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathways that differ between German and Roman chamomile by performing comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.

Results

We determined the content of essential oils in disk florets and ray florets in these two chamomile species, and found that the terpenoid content in flowers of German chamomile is greater than that of Roman chamomile. In addition, a comparative RNA-seq analysis of German and Roman chamomile showed that 54% of genes shared > 75% sequence identity between the two species. In particular, more highly expressed DEGs (differentially expressed genes) and TF (transcription factor) genes, different regulation of CYPs (cytochrome P450 enzymes), and rapid evolution of downstream genes in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway of German chamomile could be the main reasons to explain the differences in the types and levels of terpenoid compounds in these two species. In addition, a phylogenetic tree constructed from single copy genes showed that German chamomile and Roman chamomile are closely related to Chrysanthemum nankingense.

Conclusion

This work provides the first insights into terpenoid biosynthesis in two species of chamomile. The candidate unigenes related to terpenoid biosynthesis will be important in molecular breeding approaches to modulate the essential oil composition of Matricaria recutita and Chamaemelum nobile.
Does a pulmonary rehabilitation based ERAS program (PREP) affect pulmonary complication incidence, pulmonary function and quality of life after lung cancer surgery? Study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zheng Yu , Mao Mao , Ji Meifang , Zheng Qiugang , Liu Liang , Zhao Zhigang , Wang Haiming , Wei Xiangyang , Wang Yulong , Chen Jiamin , Zhou Huiqing , Liang Qiaoqiao , Chen Ying , Zhang Xintong , Wang Lu , Cheng Yihui , Zhang Xiu , Teng Meiling , Lu Xiao
Published: February 2020

Background

Lung cancer surgery is associated with a high incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Preliminary evidence suggests that ERAS processes can reduce overall incidence of PPCs as short- and long-term recovery improved by supporting units to adopt evidence-based care. However, the evidence is inconclusive due to insufficient high-level studies in this research field. No well-designed, adequately powered, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation based ERAS program (PREP) on post-operative pulmonary complications, pulmonary function, and health related quality of life following lung cancer surgery.

Methods

The PREP trial is a pragmatic, investigator-initiated, multi-center, randomized controlled, parallel group, clinical trial. Five hundred patients scheduled for minimally invasive pulmonary resection at six hospitals in China will be randomized with concealed allocation to receive either i) a pre-operative assessment and an information booklet or ii) a pre-operative assessment, an information booklet, plus an additional education, a 30-min pulmonary rehabilitation training session and the post-operative pulmonary rehabilitation program. The primary outcome is incidence of PPCs defined with the Melbourne Group Scale diagnostic scoring tool. Secondary outcomes include incidence of cardiopulmonary and other complications, pulmonary function, cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle strength, activity level, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), pre- and post-operative hospital length of stay (LOS), and total hospital LOS.

Discussion

The PREP trial is designed to verify the hypothesis that pulmonary rehabilitation based ERAS program reduces incidence of PPCs and improves pulmonary function and HRQoL in patients following lung cancer surgery. This trial will furthermore contribute significantly to the limited knowledge about the pulmonary rehabilitation based ERAS program following lung cancer surgery, and may thereby form the basis of future recommendations in the surgical community.

Trial registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR1900024646, 21 July 2019.
Informing the model of care for an academic integrative healthcare centre: a qualitative study exploring healthcare consumer perspectives
Authors: Ee Carolyn , Templeman Kate , Grant Suzanne , Avard Nicole , de Manincor Michael , Hunter Jennifer
Published: February 2020

Background

In response to high demand and the growing body of evidence for traditional and complementary therapies, the practice of integrative medicine and integrative healthcare has emerged where these therapies are blended with conventional healthcare. While there are a number of academic integrative healthcare centres worldwide, there are none in Australia. Western Sydney University will soon establish an academic integrative healthcare centre offering evidence-informed traditional and complementary therapies integrated with conventional healthcare in a research-based culture. The aim of this study was to explore healthcare consumers’ views about the perceived need, advantages, and disadvantages of the proposed centre and its relevance to community-defined problems and health and service needs.

Methods

Qualitative methods, informed by community-based participatory research, were used during 2017. Focus groups supplemented with semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare consumers. Participants were recruited through paid advertisements on Facebook. Thematic coding, informed by an integrative healthcare continuum, was used to analyse and organise the data. Analysis was augmented with descriptive statistics of participant demographic details.

Results

Three main themes emerged: (i) the integrative approach, (i) person-centred care, and (iii) safety and quality. Participants proposed a coordinated healthcare model, with perspectives falling along a continuum from parallel and consultative to fully integrative models of healthcare. The importance of multidisciplinary collaboration and culturally appropriate, team-based care within a supportive healing environment was emphasised. A priority of providing broad and holistic healthcare that was person centred and treated the whole person was valued. It was proposed that safety and quality standards be met by medical oversight, evidence-informed practice, practitioner competency, and interprofessional communication.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that participants desired greater integration of conventional healthcare with traditional and complementary therapies within a team-based, person-centred environment with assurances of safety and quality. Findings will be used to refine the model of care for an academic integrative healthcare centre in Western Sydney.
Use of traditional and complementary medicine for maternal health and wellbeing by African migrant women in Australia: a mixed method study
Authors: Shewamene Zewdneh , Dune Tinashe , Smith Caroline A.
Published: February 2020

Background

Traditional medicine serves as a form of primary health care for more than 80% of African populations. Currently, there is no research documenting if and how African migrant communities engage with their traditional health practices and beliefs after they resettle in Western countries. The aim of this study was to examine African migrant women’s experiences and perspectives about traditional and complementary medicine use in relation to their maternal health and wellbeing in Australia.

Methods

We conducted a mixed method study between December 2016 and October 2017. Questionnaires were completed by 319 women and 15 in-depth interviews were conducted among African migrant women residing across the Sydney metropolitan area, Australia. Survey data were analysed using SPSS (version 23) and logistic regression model was used to test associations. Qualitative data were analysed thematically using NVivo 11 software to identify themes and conceptual categories in the participants’ responses. The study was informed by Andersen’s Socio-behavioural model of health service utilisation.

Results

The findings indicated that use of traditional and complementary medicine was high and continued to be well used following African women’s resettlement in Australia. The survey found that 232 (72.7%) women use some form of traditional and complementary medicine for maternal health and wellbeing purposes. Most women (179, 77.2%) reported that maintaining their maternal health and wellbeing was the most common reason for use. The interview findings indicated that access to traditional medicine included making requests from relatives and friends who travelled to Africa looking for a similar medicinal plant in Australia and preparing home remedies with advice from family members and healers back in Africa. Age ≥ 35 years (OR, 16.5; 95%CI, 6.58–41.5;p < 0.001), lower education (OR, 24; 95%CI, 8.18–71.1;p < 0.001), parity (OR, 7.3; 95%CI, 1.22–42.81;p = 0.029), and lower income (OR, 2.7; 95%CI, 1.23–5.83;p = 0.013) were strong predictors of traditional medicine use.

Conclusion

Use of traditional and complementary medicine among African migrant women in Sydney remained high following resettlement in Australia. As noted in Andersen’s sociobehavioural model of health service utilisation, specific predisposing and enabling factors including age, education and income were associated with use of traditional and complementary medicine.
Correction to: Biomarkers associating endothelial dysregulation in pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematous
Authors: Lee Wan-Fang , Wu Chao-Yi , Yang Huang-Yu , Lee Wen-I , Chen Li-Chen , Ou Liang-Shiou , Huang Jing-Long
Published: February 2020

Following publication of the original article [1], we have been notified that the colour representation of the graph is not correct in Figure 6 legend.
Correction to: Multicenter randomized controlled trial on the comparison of multi-family therapy (MFT) and systemic single-family therapy (SFT) in young patients with anorexia nervosa: study protocol of the THERAFAMBEST study
Authors: Carrot Benjamin , Duclos Jeanne , Barry Caroline , Radon Leslie , Maria Anne-Solène , Kaganski Irène , Jeremic Zorica , Barton-Clegg Vesper , Corcos Maurice , Lasfar Malaïka , Gerardin Priscille , Harf Aurélie , Moro Marie-Rose , Blanchet Corinne , Bahrami Stéphane , Godart Nathalie
Published: February 2020

After publication of our article [1] the authors have notified us of missing to include one name to the authorship list:
Finding an efficient tetramethylated hydroxydiethylene of resveratrol analogue for potential anticancer agent
Authors: Xin Zhen-Hui , Meng Ya-Li , Jiang Wen-Jing , Li Ya-Peng , Ge Li-Ping , Zhang Cun-Hui , Liu Lian-Na , Kang Yan-Fei
Published: February 2020

With the improvement and advance in cancer diagnosis and treatment, the cancer is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Obviously, new breakthroughs in therapies remain be urgent needed. In this work, we designed and synthesized the compound 1–4, namely resveratrol analogues with methylation of hydroxy distyrene, to further explore its new anti-cancer potential. Encouragingly, compound 1 ((E)-4,4′-(ethene-1,2-diyl)bis(3,5-dimethylphenol)) exhibited cytotoxicity superior to resveratrol in MCF 7 cells. More importantly, the compound 1 showed greater toxicity to tumor cells than that to normal cells, which proved that it could selectively kill tumor cells. The favorable results encouraged us to explore the inhibitory mechanism of compound 1 on MCF 7 cells. The research finding indicated the compound 1 inhibited tumor cell proliferation by both arresting cell cycle in S phase and apoptosis via a prooxidant manner. In addition, the results further verified compound 1 caused cell cycle arrest in S phase and apoptosis by down-regulation of the cycling A1/cycling A2 expression and the rise of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in a p21-dependant pathway in MCF 7 cells. Therefore, these results are helpful for the effective design of anticancer reagents and the better understanding of their mechanism of action.
Depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome components among older Chinese adults
Authors: Liu Jing-Hong , Qian Yu-Xi , Ma Qing-Hua , Sun Hong-Peng , Xu Yong , Pan Chen-Wei
Published: February 2020

Background

Few studies examined associations between depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among older Chinese adults. Considering that the prevalence of depressive symptoms is high in older Chinese adults, we aimed to examine associations of depressive symptoms with MetS and its components in older Chinese adults.

Methods

Data from a community-based cross-sectional study of 4579 Chinese adults aged 60 years or older were analyzed. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. The presence of MetS was defined based on the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, which include obesity, reduced blood high-density lipoprotein, high blood pressure (BP), elevated fasting plasma glucose and hypertriglyceridemia. A participant was considered as having MetS if he or she met at least three of the above-mentioned criteria.

Results

In all participants, depressive symptoms were related to elevated fasting plasma glucose (≥ 7.0 mmol/L) (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.00–2.20]) and diabetes (adjusted OR = 1.50, 95% CI [1.01–2.20]). The associations of depressive symptoms with MetS and its components were not significant among women. However, there was a negative association between depressive symptoms and elevated systolic BP (≥ 130 mm Hg) (OR = 0.59, 95% CI [0.4–0.9]), and similar findings were observed after adjusting for lifestyle-related variables in men.

Conclusions

In older Chinese adults, depressive symptoms were negatively associated with elevated systolic BP in men while these findings were not found in women.
Histone methylation and vascular biology
Authors: Wei Xiang , Yi Xin , Zhu Xue-Hai , Jiang Ding-Sheng
Published: February 2020

The vasculature not only transports oxygenated blood, metabolites, and waste products but also serves as a conduit for hormonal communication between distant tissues. Therefore, it is important to maintain homeostasis within the vasculature. Recent studies have greatly expanded our understanding of the regulation of vasculature development and vascular-related diseases at the epigenetic level, including by protein posttranslational modifications, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNAs. Integrating epigenetic mechanisms into the pathophysiologic conceptualization of complex and multifactorial vascular-related diseases may provide promising therapeutic approaches. Several reviews have presented detailed discussions of epigenetic mechanisms not including histone methylation in vascular biology. In this review, we primarily discuss histone methylation in vascular development and maturity, and in vascular diseases.
Natriuretic peptide-directed medical therapy: a systematic review
Authors: Alphonsus Christella S. , Govender Pooveshnie , Rodseth Reitze N. , Biccard Bruce M.
Published: February 2020

Natriuretic peptides (NP) are strongly associated with perioperative cardiovascular events. However, in patients with raised NP, it remains unknown whether treatment to reduce NP levels prior to surgery results in better perioperative outcomes. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we investigate NP-directed medical therapy in non-surgical patients to provide guidance for NP-directed medical therapy in surgical patients. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42017051468). The database search included MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL (EBSCO host), EMBASE (EBSCO host), ProQuest, Web of Science, and Cochrane database. The primary outcome was to determine whether NP-directed medical therapy is effective in reducing NP levels within 6 months, compared to standard of care. The secondary outcome was to determine whether reducing NP levels is associated with decreased mortality. Full texts of 18 trials were reviewed. NP-directed medical therapy showed no significant difference compared to standard care in decreasing NP levels (standardized mean difference − 0.04 (− 0.16, 0.07)), but was associated with a 6-month (relative risk (RR) 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68–0.99)) reduction in mortality.
TRPM3_miR-204: a complex locus for eye development and disease
Authors: Shiels Alan
Published: February 2020

First discovered in a light-sensitive retinal mutant ofDrosophila, the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily of non-selective cation channels serve as polymodal cellular sensors that participate in diverse physiological processes across the animal kingdom including the perception of light, temperature, pressure, and pain. TRPM3 belongs to the melastatin sub-family of TRP channels and has been shown to function as a spontaneous calcium channel, with permeability to other cations influenced by alternative splicing and/or non-canonical channel activity. Activators of TRPM3 channels include the neurosteroid pregnenolone sulfate, calmodulin, phosphoinositides, and heat, whereas inhibitors include certain drugs, plant-derived metabolites, and G-protein subunits. Activation of TRPM3 channels at the cell membrane elicits a signal transduction cascade of mitogen-activated kinases and stimulus response transcription factors. The mammalian TRPM3 gene hosts a non-coding microRNA gene specifying miR-204 that serves as both a tumor suppressor and a negative regulator of post-transcriptional gene expression during eye development in vertebrates. Ocular co-expression of TRPM3 and miR-204 is upregulated by the paired box 6 transcription factor (PAX6) and mutations in all three corresponding genes underlie inherited forms of eye disease in humans including early-onset cataract, retinal dystrophy, and coloboma. This review outlines the genomic and functional complexity of the TRPM3_miR-204 locus in mammalian eye development and disease.
Variations in extreme wave events near a South Pacific Island under global warming: case study of Tropical Cyclone Tomas
Authors: Taniguchi Kenji , Tajima Yoshimitsu
Published: February 2020

The intensification of tropical cyclones (TCs) and wind-induced ocean waves is expected to be amplified under global warming conditions. In 2010, strong TC Tomas approached the Fiji Islands and caused severe damage. Here, an ensemble simulation technique is combined with a pseudo-global warming (PGW) method to investigate future variations in TCs and wind-induced ocean waves. Ensemble PGW simulations were implemented using the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model with five different future projections. Hindcast and PGW simulations showed similar tracks of Tomas. In four PGW simulations, the central pressures of the simulated TCs decreased. Enhanced near-surface wind was recognized in three PGW simulations around the Fiji main island (Viti Levu). In the other two future simulations, the surface wind speed was weaker than the one in the present climate because of the slight eastward shift in the track and delayed development of the TC. WaveWatchIII (WW3) was applied for offshore wave simulations forced by the wind field obtained by WRF simulation results. In three future simulations, a clear increase in the maximum significant wave height (Hs) was found on the southeastern coast of Viti Levu. One future simulation yielded almost the same offshore wave characteristics as those under the present climate. In another future simulation, the ensemble mean Hs was as high as that in the present climate, but extremely large Hs values were found in several ensemble members. Future simulations using multiple global climate model (GCM) projections showed possible variations in TCs and wind-induced ocean waves which is useful for the risk assessment of various hazards.
Histologic evaluation of femoral nerve demyelinating and axonal neuropathy in Wistar rats due to alendronate intake: a randomised study
Authors: Theodora Papamitsou , Apostolos Papakoulas , Vasileios Papaliagkas , Sofia Karachrysafi , Eva-Maria Dietrich , Antonia Sioga
Published: February 2020

Background

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are forceful inhibitors of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Long-term BP use is associated with multiple rare but severe adverse effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible effects of BPs in the structure of femoral nerve. Specimens from the femoral nerve of ten female 12-month old Wistar rats were used as control group and ten female 12-month old Wistar rats to which Alendronate (Fosamax, Merck) was administered per os for 13 weeks, were used as research group. Samples were observed under a Transmission Electron Microscope. G ratio measurements and statistical analysis with SPSS program were also performed.

Results

The control group showed no major changes of the nerve’s histologic image, with the exception of some spots of thickness of the nerve myelin sheath. The research group showed major morphological changes which varied from partial disorganization or thickening of the myelin to severe myelin thickening and axon strangulation. A statistically significant difference of the G ratio between the two groups was observed.

Conclusions

The reported values (found in literature) for the morphologic measurements of the femoral nerve in Wistar rats are not complying with the ones we found in our study. There was a significant reduction of all three variables (the mean axon like diameter, the myelin thickness, G ratio) studied in the femoral nerve of the research group in contrast to control group. Our study demonstrates a possible correlation between alendronate administration and femoral nerve’s function, nevertheless due to the small specimen further research is needed.
Risk factors for postoperative infection of odontogenic cysts associated with mandibular third molar
Authors: Kim Jin-woo , On Do-hyun , Cho Jin-yong , Ryu Jaeyoung
Published: February 2020

Background

Odontogenic cysts associated with lower third molar are common. The prognosis for surgical treatment is relatively good. However, postoperative infection discourages the clinicians. Hence, we would like to investigate the factors associated with infection after surgical treatment of cysts associated with the mandibular third molar.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical and radiographic records of 81 patients who were diagnosed with dentigerous cyst or odontogenic keratocyst and underwent cyst enucleation. The factors affecting postoperative infection were divided into host factor, treatment factor, and cystic lesion factor. To identify the factors associated with postoperative infection, we attempted to find out the variables with significant differences between the groups with and without infection.

Results

A total of 81 patients (64 male and 17 female) were enrolled in this study. There was no statistical relationship about the postoperative infection between all variables (gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus, age, bone grafting, related tooth extraction, previous marsupialization or decompression, type of antibiotics, cortical perforation associated with cystic lesion, preoperative infection, preoperative cyst size).

Conclusions

The results of this study suggest that it is not necessary to avoid bone grafts that are concerned about postoperative infection.
Timed immersion expiration measures in patients with muscular dystrophies
Authors: Voos Mariana Callil , Goya Priscila Santos Albuquerque , de Freitas Bruna Leal , Pires Aline Moço Teixeira , Favero Francis Meire , Caromano Fátima Aparecida
Published: February 2020

Introduction

Muscular dystrophies (MD) cause muscle weakness, affecting motor and respiratory functions. Aquatic activities maintain strength and ventilatory function and may require immersion expiration control.

Objectives

(1) To describe the evolution of timed immersion expiration in patients with MD in one-year follow-up. (2) to describe motor and respiratory outcomes in one-year follow-up. (3) to investigate possible relationships between timed immersion expiration and age, motor and respiratory functions.

Method

Fifty-seven patients with MD (12–35 years, Vignos scale 2–8) were evaluated twice, with one-year interval. Immersion expiration control was timed with a chronometer. Motor function was assessed by Motor Function Measure. The respiratory function was evaluated by spirometry. Analysis of variance compared assessments and Pearson tests investigated relationships between variables and age.

Results

Motor and respiratory functions decreased (p < 0.001) but timed immersion expiration was maintained. Timed immersion expiration was not correlated to motor and respiratory functions.

Conclusion

As patients maintained timed immersion expiration in the one-year follow-up, aquatic therapy might be a facilitator for people with MD.
Comparative study between sequential combined spinal epidural anesthesia versus epidural volume extension in lower limb surgery
Authors: Hakim Karim Youssef Kamal
Published: February 2020

Background

This randomized, double-blind study was designed to compare between sequential combined spinal epidural anesthesia versus epidural volume extension in lower limb surgery as regards hemodynamics, sensory, and motor blocks.

Methods

In this randomized, double-blind, prospective study, 80 patients scheduled for lower limb surgery were divided into two groups: sequential combined spinal epidural (SCSE) group in which small doses of local anesthetic was injected in epidural space after low-dose spinal anesthesia and epidural volume extension (EVE) group in which 10 ml saline was injected in epidural space after low-dose spinal anesthesia. Hemodynamics, anesthesia readiness time, degree of motor block, time to regression of sensory block, and side effects were measured.

Results

Hemodynamic changes were insignificant. Anesthesia readiness time was significantly faster in EVE group. Motor block and sensory block were better in SCSE. Postoperative bupivacaine consumption was statistically insignificant between the two groups.

Conclusion

Both SCSE and EVE techniques can preserve hemodynamics after low-dose subarachnoid block and can be used in high-risk elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.
Large-scale application of case-based learning for teaching medical biochemistry: a challenging experience with positive impacts
Authors: Eissa Sanaa , Sallam Reem M. , Moustafa Amr S. , Hammouda Abdelrahman M. A.
Published: February 2020

With the introduction of integrated approach in the medical curriculum, there is a need to teach basic sciences in a way relevant to real clinical scenarios. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of case-based learning (CBL) for teaching of medical biochemistry to a large number of medical students. It also evaluates both the students’ and faculty members’ perception of this approach. CBL was introduced in teaching medical biochemistry in the Neuroscience block for the second-year medical students. This study’s students were from two consecutive academic years (n = 721 and 769). Four clinical cases were prepared. Students were divided into subgroups, each having one CBL session every 2 weeks. Students were encouraged to work together to understand the given clinical scenario by building on past knowledge obtained through other teaching modalities and new knowledge acquired during the session. A pretest was administered at the beginning of the session, and an identical posttest administered at the end of the session. Perception of both the students and facilitators of the CBL-teaching approach was evaluated using end-of-block questionnaires. In both studied academic years, students got higher scores in posttest compared to pretest scores with a statistically significant difference of the paired scores (P < 0.001). Analysis of the students’ questionnaire demonstrated that most students positively perceived the CBL approach, with a feeling that CBL has helped them learning the biochemistry concepts. Likewise, analyzing staff questionnaire revealed staff’s positive attitude toward the impact of CBL in teaching biochemistry on the students and on themselves. The current work suggests that CBL is both feasible and efficient to be applied for teaching medical biochemistry on a large scale. It is positively perceived by both students and teaching staff. Future work is still needed to solve certain challenges such as increasing work load on the faculty members and to test the impact of this teaching modality on long-term retention of knowledge.
Representation of Black, Asian and minority ethnic patients in secondary care mental health services: analysis of 7-year access to memory services in Leicester and Leicestershire
Authors: Subramaniam Hari , Mukaetova-Ladinska Elizabeta B. , Wilson Andrew , Bankart John
Published: February 2020

Aims and method

We aimed to explore access by Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) elders to the memory services in Leicester and Leicestershire, examining any trends over time. We then compared the odds of referral by ethnicity, using observed versus expected referrals for the city of Leicester. We gathered data on a comprehensive county-wide memory clinic used by people with suspected dementia and memory problems from the Trust electronic record system during the period 2011–2017. For Leicester city, we compared referral rates for 2011–2017 and compared observed and expected referral rates with demographics from the UK Census 2011.

Results

In Leicester, there was a significant underrepresentation of referrals from the BAME population as compared with the White population in 2011, 2012 and 2013, when compared with population estimates of those aged ≥60 years from the 2011 UK Census Leicester city data. Data for the Black population were too small for comparisons. The odds of being referred to a memory clinic for the White group was double that of the Asian group in 2011 (odds ratio 2.15, 95% CI 1.52–3.02) and nearly 1.5 times in 2012 (odds ratio 1.40, 95% CI 1.01–1.93). This difference did not persist after 2014. However, this differential odds of referral changes when the age difference between the groups is accounted for. After adjusting for age, there were no differences between the two groups in their odds of referral to the memory clinic from 2011 to 2013, but from 2014 to 2017, members of the Asian group had higher odds of being referred.

Clinical implications

The relationship between BAME and access to memory services is complex. The relative lower prevalence of Asian people among referrals to memory services in Leicester from 2011 to 2013 may partly be explained by the lower ages of the Asian population at referral. The higher prevalence of Asian people in 2014–2017 may be owing to use of denominators from the 2011 UK Census, which are likely to be disproportionately low for this group. Further studies are needed to explore any potential barriers to the access of services by BAME communities.
Association Between Delivery System Structure and Intensity of End-of-Life Cancer Care
Authors: Herrel Lindsey A. , Zhu Ziwei , Griggs Jennifer J. , Kaye Deborah R. , Dupree James M. , Ellimoottil Chandy S. , Miller David C.
Published: February 2020

PURPOSE:

To determine whether the type of delivery system is associated with intensity of care at the end of life for Medicare beneficiaries with cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We used SEER registry data linked with Medicare claims to evaluate intensity of end-of-life care for patients who died of one of ten common cancers diagnosed from 2009 through 2014. Patients were categorized as receiving the majority of their care in an integrated delivery system, designated cancer center, health system that was both integrated and a certified cancer center, or health system that was neither. We evaluated adherence to seven nationally endorsed end-of-life quality measures using generalized linear models across four delivery system types.

RESULTS:

Among 100,549 beneficiaries who died of cancer during the study interval, we identified only modest differences in intensity of end-of-life care across delivery system structures. Health systems with no cancer center or integrated affiliation demonstrated higher proportions of patients with multiple hospitalizations in the last 30 days of life (11.3%), death in an acute care setting (25.9%), and lack of hospice use in the last year of life (31.6%; all P < .001). Patients enrolled in hospice had lower intensity care across multiple end-of-life quality measures.

CONCLUSION:

Intensity of care at the end of life for patients with cancer was higher at delivery systems with no integration or cancer focus. Maximal supportive care delivered through hospice may be one avenue to reduce high-intensity care at the end of life and may impact quality of care for patients dying from cancer.
Educational Professionally Oriented Tasks As a Mean of Stimulating Professional Self-Development of Future Teachers
Authors: Pavlova O.
Published: February 2020

Teaching and research competence, as a complex multicomponent structure, is both the goal and the means of stimulating the professional self-development of students. The inclusion of students in the process of solving professionally oriented educational problems is a necessary condition for the implementation of a competency-based learning model. The article discusses examples of tasks related to the implementation of methodological and mathematical training of students. On the example of the assignment related to the design of the mathematical calendar, the capabilities of this assignment are demonstrated, reflecting its focus on the formation of educational and research competence of students. The consistent inclusion of future school teachers in the work on the described tasks contributes to the formation and control of the formation of their methodological and mathematical competence as a whole.
Popularization and Organization of Skipping Classes in Secondary Schools
Authors: Shpet V. , Ovchinnikov Yu. , Yakunina V.
Published: February 2020

Lessons of physical culture in modern secondary school include not only physical exercises and outdoor games, but also new sports, allowing to develop not only health technologies in a new format, but also health-saving education to make realistic. Students of secondary school № 25 in Sochi with pleasure in physical education lessons master fashionable fitness technology-skipping (jumping rope). Skipping rope as a sports attribute was known and loved by children of the Soviet era to increase motor activity in different amplitudes of movement, but then forgotten. Skipping rope allows you to develop coordination, develops endurance, helps to correct posture, develops flexibility of the body, it is also an excellent anaerobic exercise in order not to suffer from obesity. Research has shown that skipping is interesting for children of different ages in secondary schools, but is not popularized and promoted as a recreational, sports discipline that allows you to participate in competitions. Students of the Kuban State University of physical culture sports and tourism not only in the training processes themselves use skipping exercises, but also in the direction of biomechanics in design technologies promote skipping as a popular form of motor activity.
Rising to the challenge: the Care Quality Commission's urgent powers
Authors: Dobson Sarah
Published: February 2020

An increase in the Care Quality Commission enforcement activity, a flexing of its powers as a regulator, has been observed throughout health and social care. Sarah Dobson explains what these powers are, how they can affect your organisation and how to bring a legal challenge
Solution of symmetric positive semidefinite Procrustes problem
Authors: Jingjing Peng , Qingwen Wang , Zhenyun Peng , Zhencheng Chen
Published: February 2020

In this paper, the symmetric positive semideﬁnite Procrustes problem is considered. By using matrix inner product and matrix decomposition theory, an explicit expression of the solution is given. Based on the explicit expression given in this paper, it is easy to derive the explicit expression of the solution given by Woodgate [K.G. Woodgate. Least-squares solution of F = PG over positive semideﬁnite symmetric P . Linear Algebra Appl., 245:171–190, 1996.] and by Liao [A.P. Liao. On the least squares problem of a matrix equation. J. Comput. Math., 17:589–594, 1999.] for the Procrustes problem in some special cases. The explicit expression given in this paper also shows that the solution of the special inverse eigenvalue problem considered by Zhang [L. Zhang. A class of inverse eigenvalue problem for symmetric nonnegative deﬁnite matrices. J. Hunan Educational Inst., 2:11–17, 1995 (in Chinese).] can be computed exactly. Examples to illustrate the correctness of the theory results are given.
Symmetry of cyclic weighted shift matrices with pivot-reversible weights
Authors: Chien Mao-Ting , Nakazato Hiroshi
Published: February 2020

We prove that every cyclic weighted shift matrix with pivot-reversible weights is unitarily similar to a complex symmetric matrix.
Structure-preserving Diagonalization of Matrices in Indefinite Inner Product Spaces
Authors: Saltenberger Philip
Published: February 2020

In this work some results on the structure-preserving diagonalization of selfadjoint and skewadjoint matrices in indefinite inner product spaces are presented. In particular, necessary and sufficient conditions on the symplectic diagonalizability of (skew)-Hamiltonian matrices and the perplectic diagonalizability of per(skew)-Hermitian matrices are provided. Assuming the structured matrix at hand is additionally normal, it is shown that any symplectic or perplectic diagonalization can always be constructed to be unitary. As a consequence of this fact, the existence of a unitary, structure-preserving diagonalization is equivalent to the existence of a specially structured additive decomposition of such matrices. The implications of this decomposition are illustrated by several examples.
Evaluasi Psikometris General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) 28 Pada Subjek Mahasiswa di Semarang, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Syafitri Diany Ufieta
Published: February 2020

Abstrak: usia remaja hingga dewasa dianggap sebagai masa yang rentan terhadap masalah kesehatan mental. Dilaporkan dalam berbagai berita maupun penelitian mahasiswa juga merupakan segmen memiliki kemungkinan tinggi mengalami masalah kesehatan mental. Salah satu hambatan utama dalam penanganan kesehatan mental di Indonesia adalah kurangnya alat skrining kesehatan mental yang adekuat. Telah terdapat beberapa alat skrining tetapi tidak disertai dengan informasi tentang evaluasi psikometris yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi properti psikometris alat skrining General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) 28 yang sebelumnya telah diadaptasi ke dalam bahasa Indonesia untuk melihat apakah alat ini memiliki reliabilitas dan validitas yang memadai sebagai alat skrining dan memiliki faktor struktur yang sesuai dengan acuan teoretisnya. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 356 mahasiswa S1 dari berbagai universitas di Kota Semarang. Hasilnya, didapatkan koefisien reliabiliatas Alpha Cronbach 0,897 yang dianggap memuaskan. Hasil analisis faktor menunjukkan terdapat empat faktor sesuai dengan faktor asli penyusun GHQ 28. Secara umum, GHQ 28 versi terjemahan bahasa Indonesia memiliki properti psikometris yang cukup baik.   Kata kunci: evaluasi psikometris, General Health Questionnaire, kesehatan mental, mahasiswa
Fatherhood dan Indeks Prestasi (IP) Akademik pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Pendidikan Psikologi, Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Authors: Hutomo Bijak Aditia , Jannah Fathimah Miftahul , Latifah Tahlia
Published: February 2020

Abstrak: Pendidikan merupakan salah satu hal mendasar yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh manusia, sama halnya dengan pengasuhan orangtua. Sebagai bagian dari pendidikan, mahasiswa merupakan seseorang yang berada dalam tahapan perkembangan remaja menuju dewasa awal. Dalam beberapa teori, remaja lebih cenderung terlibat dengan teman sebaya daripada orangtuanya. Keterlibatan yang lebih pada teman sebaya tidak berarti remaja tidak terlibat secara seutuhnya dengan orang tuanya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif yang bertujuan mencari gambaran Fatherhood dan Indeks Prestasi Akademik pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Pendidikan Psikologi, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Literatur lain menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan ayah memiliki kontribusi yang sangat besar pada prestasi akademik anak usia 13-15 tahun. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah The Fatherhood Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Gary L. Dick pada tahun 2016. Populasi dan Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Pendidikan Psikologi angkatan 2016 dan 2017. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan mampu menjadi gambaran sederhana mengenai bagaimana Fatherhood dan Indeks Prestasi (IP) Akademik yang ada pada mahasiswa. Keyword: Fatherhood, Mahasiswa, Indeks Prestasi Akademik
Bigarren Hezkuntzako ikasle eta irakasle talde baten diskurtsoa eta praktika informazio digitala bilatzeko, ebaluatzeko eta hautatzeko orduan
Authors: López Flamarique Maite , Egaña Osa Txema
Published: February 2020

Azterketa honetan, Bigarren Hezkuntzako ikasle eta irakasleek ikasgelan informazio digitala bilatzeko, ebaluatzeko eta hautatzeko orduan erabiltzen dituzten diskurtsoa eta praktika alde- ratu nahi dira. Kasu-azterketa bat izanik, hainbat iturritako datuak triangelatu dira (eztabaida-taldeeta- koak, eskoletakoak eta aurrez aurreko elkarrizketetakoak). Emaitzen arabera, ikasleek badute interesa ikasgelan Internetera konektatuta lan egiteko, baina zailtasunak dituzte bideo eta grafikoak interpre- tatzeko, eta ez dute kontuan hartzen nor diren testuen egileak. Bestalde, irakasleek ikusten dute beren rola zalantzan jartzen dela, eta uzkur jokatzen dute aldaketaren aurrean. Ondorioetan ikusiko dugunez, informazioa alfabetizatzeko didaktika bat behar da, ikasleen praktika eta interes errealetatik abiatuko dena. Horretarako, irakasleen rola eta sinesmenak aldatu behar dira.GAKO-HITZAK: informazioa bilatzea, informazioa ebaluatzea, IKTak, irakasleak, ikasleak.
Verificação do nível de atendimento aos programas de autocontrole em indústrias de laticínios de Minas Gerais
Authors: Benedito Júnior Hélio Dos Santos , Teodoro Vanessa Aglaê Martins , Vicentini Nívea Maria , Silva Márcio Roberto , Costa Renata Golin Bueno , Miguel Elisângela Michele , Sobral Denise , Paula Junio César Jacinto de
Published: February 2020

Doenças de origem alimentar (DOA) constituem um grave problema de saúde pública em nível mundial. O leite e seus derivados estão frequentemente envolvidos em surtos de DOA. Nos últimos anos, o governo brasileiro tem realizado vários esforços objetivando a prevenção dessas doenças, dentre eles, a aprovação de diversas normas relacionadas à implementação de programas de qualidade em laticínios. Diante deste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o nível de implementação dos programas de autocontrole (PAC) em indústrias de laticínios. Foram avaliadas 15 indústrias, situadas no sul do estado de Minas Gerais, registradas no Serviço de Inspeção Federal (SIF). Uma lista de verificação (LV) foi desenvolvida e aplicada pelo método da observação direta e por meio de indagações aos funcionários e proprietários. Todos os estabelecimentos avaliados foram classificados como “Ruim” ou “Péssimo”, demonstrando que não atendiam nem a 50% dos itens descritos na legislação para implementação dos PAC. As indústrias também foram avaliadas isoladamente para cada elemento de controle obtendo classificações diversas dentre “Ótimo” (entre 91 a 100% de adequação), “Bom” (70 a 90%), “Regular” (50 a 69%), “Ruim” (20 a 49%) e “Péssimo” (0 a 19%). Os resultados demonstraram que as indústrias avaliadas neste trabalho, embora sejam empresas sob inspeção federal, possuem sérias deficiências em seus PAC que podem comprometer a inocuidade dos produtos acabados, visto que não há uma gestão da qualidade eficiente e eficaz.
Jornal Paraná-Norte: educação na cidade de Londrina (1934-1953)
Authors: Camargo Fernanda Silva , Honorato Tony
Published: February 2020

A pesquisa foi sobre as notícias de educação publicadas no jornal Paraná-Norte. Este era produzido por agentes localizados no Município de Londrina do Estado do Paraná. Ele era um órgão vinculado à Companhia de Terras Norte do Paraná (CTNP) e estava ligado às demandas políticas, culturais e econômicas da localidade em urbanização. A pergunta central da pesquisa foi: quais foram as notícias de educação propagadas pelo jornal Paraná-Norte (1934-1953)? Objetivo geral consistiu em apresentar e descrever as notícias sobre educação na cidade de Londrina, segundo o Paraná-Norte. Tomamos como referências metodológicas os estudos sobre história e periodismo e sobre história da educação na cidade a partir da imprensa não pedagógica. Assim discorremos sobre a constituição do impresso e da cidade, como o impresso retratou a educação em Londrina. Como resultado versamos sobre as instituições escolares étnicas, públicas e particulares presentes em Londrina.
Semeando conhecimentos agrários: o pioneirismo do mestrado em Fitotecnia no Brasil (1961-1981)
Authors: Gouvêa Tatiani Gomes , Ferreira Edimara Maria , Azevedo Denilson Santos de
Published: February 2020

O artigo analisa as origens e a trajetória do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), instituição com grande tradição na área das ciências agrárias e considerada como uma das mais importantes do país neste campo de conhecimento. Em 1961, a então Universidade Rural do Estado de Minas Gerais (UREMG), nome anterior da UFV, iniciou o primeiro Curso de Mestrado em Olericultura do país que, em 1964, foi renomeado para Fitotecnia. Tomando por base os conceitos de memória e patrimônio abordados respectivamente, por Le Goff (2003) e Pierre Nora (1993), o levantamento documental e a realização de entrevistas, analisamos o processo de constituição e consolidação deste curso de pós-graduação stricto sensu pioneiro no Brasil, na área das ciências agrárias, entre os anos de 1961 e 1981.
História e memória da EJA nas universidades brasileiras e portuguesas - séculos XX e XXI
Authors: Santos Sônia Maria dos , Maciel Francisca Izabel Pereira
Published: February 2020

A história da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) se consolidou como um campo de pesquisa que vem ganhando espaço na Academia, devido ao diálogo que faz com diferentes temáticas da historiografia. Esse campo, portanto, provoca práticas e reflexões que não estão inscritas, especificamente, no âmbito escolar, pois vão muito além. É uma história contada a partir das relações de gênero, do trabalho, da política, do corpo, entre muitas outras perspectivas que revelam facetas múltiplas de um mesmo objeto. Entretanto, embora reconheçamos que exista um aumento vertiginoso das pesquisas sobre a História da EJA nos últimos 20 anos, ainda há uma tímida produção, se a compararmos, por exemplo, com a história da educação primária. Dessa maneira, este Dossiê tem por objetivo promover um diálogo entre pesquisadores sobre a história da educação de jovens e adultos em universidades brasileiras e portuguesas, nos séculos XX e XXI.