bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Développement cognitif et apprentissage de l’anglais langue des affaires en IUT à travers le jeu : utilisation des mondes virtuels
Authors: Privas-Bréauté Virginie
Published: July 2017

L’utilisation des mondes synthétiques dans le milieu de l'enseignement/apprentissage des langues reste encore controversée en France. Or, des recherches internationales (Jarmon et al. ; Wigham et Chanier) montrent la valeur éducative de ces dispositifs innovants laissant place à la créativité de l’apprenant et facilitant les apprentissages. Nous avons souhaité vérifier la valeur pédagogique de ces jeux vidéo sérieux, à travers une expérimentation menée auprès d’étudiants de 2ème année en DUT Gestion administrative et commerciale des organisations. Le dispositif utilisé a été le monde synthétique multi-joueurs multidimensionnel Second Life. Nous proposons de revenir, dans cet article, sur les points forts du dispositif lorsqu’il s'agit d'apprendre et/ou de consolider des compétences langagières et générales dans le cadre de cours d'anglais des affaires. Nous nous référons au paradigme de l'enaction développé par Francisco Varela et suggérons que la création d'avatars dans les mondes virtuels peut faciliter le développement cognitif des étudiants apprenant l’anglais.
Des jeux et des mots : stratégies de conception et réalisations
Authors: Zampa Virginie , Yassine-Diab Nadia , Loiseau Mathieu
Published: July 2017

En pédagogie le jeu, perçu comme une tendance forte de l’innovation, un facteur de motivation et un vecteur d’interaction, est de plus en plus présent dans les salles de classe. L’article que nous proposons se focalise sur le travail que nous menons autour des stratégies de conception et de réalisations de différents jeux en ligne, pour l’enseignement/apprentissage des langues étrangères. Bien entendu ce travail ne se limite pas à la seule création de jeux. La réflexion se fait sur la place du jeu dans l’enseignement/apprentissage et nous accompagnons (encadrons, donnons des formations et fournissons une assistance) les enseignants dans l’utilisation, la création et la modification de jeux. Dans cet article, nous présentons nos méthodologies ainsi que les premiers jeux que nous avons conçus, réalisés et implantés.
RECONHECIMENTO E AVALIAÇÃO DA DOR EM PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Taffarel Marilda Onghero , Tomaz Débora Ferreira , Tomacheuski Rubia Mitalli
Published: July 2017

As neoplasias acometem cada vez mais os animais domésticos. Baseado em estudos da medicina humana, sabe-se que a dor ocorre em até 75% dos pacientes que apresentam a doença em estágio avançado, fase esta em que a maioria dos pacientes veterinários iniciam o tratamento. A dor causa alterações fisiológicas significativas e prejudiciais ao animal, contudo, para o tratamento adequado, primeiramente é preciso o seu reconhecimento. A negligência em reconhecer a dor resulta em subtratamento ou inexistência de tratamento. Esta revisão de literatura tem como objetivo auxiliar o clínico a encontrar métodos de reconhecimento e avaliação da dor em pacientes com neoplasia. Os principais métodos envolvem questionários de qualidade de vida e escalas de dor, como Canine Brief Pain Inventory, Glasgow University Veterinary School Questionnaire e Helsinki Chronic Pain Index, desenvolvidos para pacientes com dor crônica. No entanto, ainda se carecem estudos clínicos para o adequado reconhecimento da dor crônica, especialmente a relacionada ao câncer.
CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS, QUÍMICAS E MICROBIOLÓGICAS DE OVOS DE RATITAS - Revisão
Authors: Cervi Renato Clini , Cavallieri Ângelo Luiz Fazani , Café Marcos Barcellos , Andrade Maria Auxiliadora
Published: July 2017

As aves classificadas no grupo das ratitas possuem características anatômicas distintas como ausência de quilha peitoral no osso externo e estrutura que não permite o vôo. Pertencem a esse grupo as emas (Brasil), os avestruzes (África), os emus (Austrália) e os quiwis (Nova Zelândia). Considerando a composição e o baixo potencial de contaminação dos ovos, bem como os mecanismos de defesa contra contaminações e as alterações na qualidade, objetivou-se realizar revisão de literatura sobre a composição físico-química, os principais agentes microbiológicos envolvidos nos processos de contaminação e os fatores de resistência à contaminação dos ovos de ratitas.
Controle populacional de espécies silvestres invasoras por meio de laqueadura e vasectomia: relato de caso em primatas da espécie Callithrix penicillata
Authors: Fragôso da Silva Davi , Barboza da Silva Elisângela , Preturlon Terra André
Published: July 2017

Saguis-de-tufo-preto (Callithrix penicillata) são consideradas espécies invasoras em regiões do sul e sudeste do Brasil. Espécies invasoras interferem com a dinâmica do ecossistema em áreas as quais foram introduzidas. A hibridização, a competição e a predação de outros animais são alguns dos problemas causados por estes calitriquídeos.  A esterilização de primatas que se encontram em Centros de Recuperação para Animais Silvestres é um procedimento necessário que visa o controle populacional da espécie quando são destinadas para soltura. Técnicas como a de laqueadura e vasectomia, que preservam as glândulas sexuais que são imprescindíveis nestes primatas, pois necessitam de sua produção hormonal para se estabelecer e viver em grupos na natureza. Sendo assim, objetivou-se descrever a técnica cirúrgica de esterilização de um macho e uma fêmea da espécie C. penicillata.
Effect of Partial Replacement of Fly Ash by Metakaolin on Strength Development of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Mortar
Authors: Zahid Muhammad , Shafiq Nasir , Nuruddin Mohd Fadhil , Nikbakht Ehsan , Jalal Asif
Published: July 2017

This article aims to investigate the compressive strength variation by the addition of metakaolin as a substitute of fly ash in the fly ash based geopolymer mortar. Five, ten and fifteen percent by weight of fly ash was replaced by highly reactive metakaolin. Two type of fly ashes namely, ASTM class F and ASTM class C were used as a base material for the synthesis of geopolymer mortar. Eight molar sodium hydroxide solution mixed with sodium silicate solution was used as alkaline activator. For optimum geopolymerization, mortar was cured at sixty degree Celsius for twenty four hours duration. Results show different behavior of metakaolin replacement on compressive strength for two different types of fly ash based geopolymer mortar. Improvement in compressive strength was seen by addition of metakaolin in ASTM class F fly ash based geopolymer. On the other hand compressive strength was decreased abruptly in fly ash class C based geopolymer up to certain replacement level.
Mix Design Method of the SMC Cold Temperature Modified Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Tian Miao Miao , Guo Chao Yang , Yan Jin , Li Ya Fei
Published: July 2017

The SMC cold temperature asphalt mixture consumed less energy and harmful emission compares with the traditional HMA and WMA, and it can be worked at the subzero temperature or after a long time storage, which makes the construction and maintenance of the asphalt pavement in a special environment (low temperature) and special conditions (without a hot mix station) come true. It has been widely used in Beijing, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Tibet, etc. with a satisfied performance. Highway construction and maintenance technology level of China would be positively promoted by using the SMC asphalt mixtures.
Optimization of Co-Injection Desulfurization of Vanadium Bearing Hot Metal
Authors: Han Yong Hui , Cang Da Qing , Dai Wen Bin
Published: July 2017

The desulphurization process parameters of vanadium bearing hot metal were optimized. It is found that it has the best desulfurization effect in 100t hot metal ladle, when the lance position is 280mm, the ratio of lime to Mg is 3:1, and the Mg injection rate is 9kg/min. The Si and Ti content of hot metal can increase the activity of S. With the increase of Si and Ti content of hot metal, the final sulfur content has a reduction trend. When the content of Si and Ti is lower than 0.35%, the final sulfur content of hot metal increases, and the hit rate decreases. The effect of hot metal temperature on desulfurization end point hit rate is obvious. When the hot metal temperature is between 1300~1320°C, the hit rate of desulfurization end point is higher. When the temperature is below 1300°C or above 1320°C, the sulfur content increases. After optimization of process parameters, the Mg and lime consumption per ton of hot iron are reduced by 0.11kg and 0.54kg, respectively, with the average hit rate of desulfurization end point increased by 22.6% and 10.7%, respectively.
Preliminary Study of Testing Specimen Thickness Effect on Fracture Toughness for X70 Steel
Authors: Lou Qi , Du Wei
Published: July 2017

The influences of testing specimen thickness (TST) on fracture toughness, including drop weight tear test shear area (DWTT) and crack tip opening distance (CTOD), are studied by experimental method for X70 steel. Results show that DWTT and CTOD reduce gradually with the specimen thickness increasing, showing an apparent TST effect. DWTT results also show that the TST effect is more significant at the middle transition temperature range. Parameters including J-integral, constraint parameters (T33&Tz) and plastic volume ratio (Vr) of SENB specimens with different thickness are calculated by FEA method. Then the TST effect correlation of |T33|, Tz and Vr are compared. All parameters show a strong thickness dependent. Crack tip constraint parameters, |T33| and Tz, have a similar variation tendency, but different from that of J. Contrary, Vr has a more similar variation tendency with J. Therefore, plastic deformation behavior cannot be ignored during studying the TST effect of X70 steel. Vr can be treated as an alternate parameter to explain TST effect.
Characterization of Snap-On Calf Nipple Product and Development of its Compound Formulation Based on Natural Rubber
Authors: Prasertsri Sarawut , Srichan Sansanee
Published: July 2017

This research aimed to develop the formulation of natural rubber filled with carbon black, silica and calcium carbonate for rubber calf nipple application. The reverse engineering was performed on the calf nipple product to analyze the rubber type and component by using Soxhlet extraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. Furthermore, mechanical properties were examined to act as benchmark for the rubber compound design. The results showed that rubber component in the nipple product was natural rubber, whereas two filler types revealed as carbon black and calcium carbonate with 10 and 35 of the total weight. In addition, rubber nipple showed the hardness of 46±1 Shore A and tensile strength of 5.3±0.60 MPa. From the investigation of the properties of developed rubber compounds in this work, it was found that the mechanical properties depended on type and content of filler. The required mechanical properties of vulcanizates were achieved at 20 phr of carbon black (N330), 20 phr of silica and 120 phr of calcium carbonate.
Effect of Oleic Acid on Properties of Natural Rubber Filled Bacterial Cellulose
Authors: Boonyod Saowaluk , Vudjung Chaiwute
Published: July 2017

Natural rubber (NR) containing the nata de coco fiber or Bacterial cellulose (BC) was prepared by co-coagulation of BC and concentrated NR latex with CaCl2 and compounded by two roll mill. The effect of oleic acid (OA) containing in NR filled BC (NR/BC) was the important factor in this study. BC was varied from 0–25 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr), and the Mooney viscosity, cure characteristics and mechanical properties of NR/BC with and without OA as compatiblizer was evaluated. It was found that tear strength and elongation at break of NR/BC containing OA improved. The addition of OA into NR/BC affect vulcanization properties of NR/BC masterbatch that retard the cure time of their compound. Of all BC contents investigated, the vulcanized NR/BC at 10-20 phr of BC with OA shows the optimum tear strength and the morphology of the vulcanized NR/BC is improved by the addition of OA.
Discussion of Mix Proportions of Concrete for Long-Distance Pumping
Authors: Nemoto Hiroshi , Date Shigeyuki , Hashimoto Shinchiro
Published: July 2017

Long-distance pumping of concrete (up to 2000 m, with relay pumps installed at two locations) was carried out for placing invert concrete at a caisson—the construction site of a spillway discharge section. After quantifying the required performance and determining of the mix proportions of the invert concrete that would be used in the long-distance pumping, the authors focused on thixotropy as a factor that affects the pumping load. Through laboratory tests and using AE and a high-range water reducing agent with high dispersion effect, retention and pumpability enhancing admixture were found to be effective in reducing thixotropy.
Features of Polarization Processes in Thin Films Poly(Diphenylene Phthalide)
Authors: Castro Rene Alejandro , Kononov Aleksei A.
Published: July 2017

The paper presents the results of investigation of polarization processes in poly (diphenylene phthalide) films in a wide frequency range (10-1-106Hz) and temperatures (273-373K). The thickness of the films varied from 5 μm to 100 μm. An increase in the dielectric constant, which may be associated with the manifestation of the dipole-relaxation polarization mechanism, is observed. The temperature dependence of the loss factor for the investigated PDF films revealed a relaxation maximum in the studied temperature region. This anomaly is caused by relaxation processes in the polymer structure. The frequency dependence of the conductivity was σ'~ωs type, that indicates the existence of hopping mechanism of charge transfer. The values of the exponent was s<1.0 and decreased with the increase of temperature. The observed linear dependence of the temperature of change in the conductivity type on the film thickness may be associated with transition of the polymer system from the dielectric to conducting state. This feature can be used to estimate the sample thickness for this system.
Study on Surface Tension of Membrane Made in Cellulose Diacetate
Authors: Huang Hua , Wang Yue Fei , Zhang Li , Wu Ying , Ji Tao , Zhang Wei
Published: July 2017

The value of surface tension is important for choosing oil in CA fibers production. So indirect method were used to analyze the surface tension of CA fibers in this paper. First, Chips of CA were dissolved in acetone solution with 5%, 10%, 15% three kinds of concentration. The three kinds of concentration of the solution were heated 5 hours with 55°C and then standing and defoaming for 24h. Squeeze the solution with two flat glass slides to make the membranes. Second, choose deionized water, Glycerin, Formamide, Bromonaphthalene and Diiodomethane with different polarity as tested liquids to measure the contact angle of CA membrane with JC2000C contact angle meter. Then, Zisman’s linear extrapolation method was used to measure the critical surface tension of CA membranes. On the other hand, S. Wu’S harmonic equation on average method was used too for comparison. The value of two different methods was the same, 42 mN/m, and the result indicated that the estimated method was reliable.
Centrifugal Processing on Aspheric Mirror Blank of Optical Glass Material
Authors: Xu Xin Li , Zhang Xin Ming
Published: July 2017

The manufacturing technology of aspheric optical components is not only a difficult problem in the field of advanced optical manufacturing, but also an important symbol to measure the development level of a country's manufacturing industry. The traditional aspheric optical component processing method has the disadvantages of long processing time, large waste of materials and high processing cost. Aspherical mirror by centrifugal casting is a new processing technology. it can save a large amount of material, reduce processing time, suitable for producing various sizes of aspheric optical elements, especially in processing large size aspheric lens have obvious advantages. In this paper, the processing technology of aspherical mirror blank is introduced. Experiment with rosin, which simulation process of glass by centrifugal melt casting. The shape of the aspherical mirror is calculated by calculating. After the experiment of K9 material, the surface of optical glass is obtained. The feasibility of this method is proved by experiments. It is proved that this method can be used to manufacture aspheric mirror.
Design and Simulation of Top Illuminated InGaAs PIN Photodetector for Millimeter-Wave Applications
Authors: Ngah N.A. , Rasmi Amiza , Yusof Ashaari , Muhammad Norman Fadhil Idham , Abd Rahim Ahmad Ismat , Dolah Asban , Ibrahim Mohd Haniff
Published: July 2017

This paper proposed a newdesign of top illuminated PIN photodetector at 1550nm wavelength for millimeter-wave applications. Device topology, structure and fabrication methods were considered in designing the photodetector. The combination material of InP/InGaAsP/InGaAs/InGaAsP was used in designing the top illuminated PIN photodetector. This PIN photodetector was targeted to produce at least 0.60A/W of responsivity with a dark current of <100nA. The design, layout, and electrical characteristics of this photodetector were carried out using SILVACO TCAD tool. The simulated results show higher responsivity value than targeted, device frequency response of -3dBm at 40GHz with targeted dark current achievable within the wavelength absorption bands specification. The results are compared with similar designs from other reported works.
Microalgae Biomass Recovery Grown in Wet Market Wastewater via Flocculation Method Using Moringa oleifera
Authors: Radin Mohamed Radin Maya Saphira , Maniam Haritharan , Afandi Najeeha , Al-Gheethi Adel Ali Saeed , Mohd Kassim Amir Hashim
Published: July 2017

Microalgae biomass has been established as a sustainable bio-product such as fish feed and supplement. However, the major challenge for recovering the biomass yield lies in the harvesting process. The recent direction is to use the natural coagulation as alternative techniques for the conventional methods. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of Moringa oleifera in recovering Scenedesmus sp. biomass from wet market wastewater medium in comparison to Aluminium Sulphate (alum). The efficiency of alum and M.oleifera was tested with 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/L of the dosage. The results revealed that M.oleifera exhibited high percentage recovery of Scenedesmus sp. than alum (97.5 vs. 95.4 %respectively). Moreover, the final pH of microalgae cultured wastewater after the harvesting with M.oleifera was 6.4, while decreased to 4.37 with alum. These findings indicated that the using M.oleifera the using natural coagulants are better than the chemical coagulants in terms of recovery efficiency and the characteristics of wastewater. Therefore, M.oleifera has the potential to be used as a natural coagulants alternative for alum.
Investigation of Deformation of Rock Samples
Authors: Guzev Mikhail , Makarov Vladimir
Published: July 2017

Deformation of rock samples compressed up to failure has been studied in laboratory. A system of trustworthy deformational precursors of the failure stage has been developed. The system includes long-term, middle-term and short-term precursors, which correspond to the threshold of dilatancy, change of the specific volume deformation, and jump of the specific volume deformation increments, respectively. Proposed methods of the complex research include deformation and mathematical methods. The mathematical model of deformation in samples of rocks at uniaxial compression is founded on hypothesis of self-equilibrium stresses. The model had been successfully used for description of oscillating deformation. Good coincidence between the experimental and theoretical results has been observed.
The coordination chemistry of rhenium-benzazole complexes as potential diagnostic imaging agents for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Van Niekerk Xandri , Gerber Thomas I.A.
Published: July 2017

No abstract available.
Curso de Ciências Sociais: currículo, mercado de trabalho e formação docente
Authors: Moraes Amaury Cesar
Published: July 2017

Neste artigo visamos discutir as tensões existentes entre a formação dada pelo curso de Ciências Sociais, consubstanciadas no currículo, e as demandas do exercício profissional, tendo em vista a realidade do mercado de trabalho. Embora os cursos sejam orientados em sua maioria para a formação do pesquisador, o efetivo exercício do profissional se dá no campo do magistério de ensino médio. Fica, então, desde sempre um problema ainda não resolvido: um déficit na formação do professor e uma frustração da expectativa de ser um pesquisador. Sugerimos então uma revisão profunda do curso e das habilitações existentes. Quanto à formação docente, uma das habilitações possíveis, apresentamos uma análise preliminar da formação do professor em nível de graduação e pós-graduação a partir da discussão das relações entre o bacharelado e a licenciatura na formação de professores de Sociologia para o ensino médio, tomando como exemplo o caso da USP. Outra referência é a formação que ocorre na Pós-Graduação, na qual se amplia o divórcio entre pesquisa e ensino, aprofundando os problemas de formação de professores: desintegração, hierarquização, desproporção entre os cursos, resultando na formação deficiente de professores.
Colégio Vasco da Gama: notas para pensar os entrelaçamentos das culturas escolares com as práticas esportivas
Authors: Correia Carlus Augustus Jourand , Silva José Cláudio Sooma , Soares Antonio Jorge Gonçalves
Published: July 2017

O esporte, e mais especificamente, a prática esportiva no Brasil, são elementos considerados pela sociedade como imprescindíveis para a construção de valores e da cidadania, assim com a escola. Além disso, o imaginário social sobre o atleta evidencia que no Brasil o esporte é muitas vezes encarado como uma promessa profissional, arregimentando muitos jovens para formação esportiva. Nesse processo, muitos precisam conciliar, muitas vezes com dificuldades, as rotinas escolares com as rotinas esportivas. O artigo apresenta os resultados obtidos num estudo sobre a escolarização de jovens atletas de alto rendimento no Colégio Vasco da Gama, inserido na agremiação esportiva homônima. Ancorado, principalmente, na utilização de instrumentos etnográficos de pesquisa, (entrevistas semiestruturadas e questionários) e na análise de documentos oficiais. O objetivo do artigo foi indiciar aspectos referentes aos possíveis entrelaçamentos das culturas escolares com as práticas esportivas na instituição de ensino. Os resultados da pesquisa sugerem que as relações entre o colégio e o clube interferem, decisivamente, nos saberes e práticas que, cotidianamente, são construídos através da interpenetração de elementos do esporte no espaço da escola. Juntamente com isso, foi identificado um sentimento de adesão à instituição escolar, por meio da linguagem do esporte.
A documentação pedagógica no pensamento de Célestin Freinet
Authors: Teagno Lopes Marques Amanda Cristina , Almeida Maria Isabel de
Published: July 2017

A documentação pedagógica tem sido apontada como instrumento metodológico necessário ao trabalho docente, em especial no contexto da educação infantil. Trata-se de proposição recente, ou podemos encontrar em outras épocas a presença da documentação no contexto educativo? Com vistas a recuperar a historicidade dessa prática, objetiva-se apresentar elementos da proposta pedagógica de Freinet, e analisar o papel do registro e da documentação no trabalho por ele desenvolvido. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica, tomando como fonte as produções do autor. A análise permitiu-nos identificar diferentes modalidades de registro e documentação presentes na proposta pedagógica freinetiana, coerentes com o projeto de construção de uma escola para o povo.
O tratamento da heterogeneidade em uma pedagogia coletiva: maneiras de fazer de professoras alfabetizadoras
Authors: Torres da Silva Nayanne Nayara , Silva Alexsandro da
Published: July 2017

O presente estudo insere-se no âmbito das discussões sobre saberes e práticas de professores no atendimento à heterogeneidade de conhecimentos sobre a leitura e a escrita dos aprendizes. Nessa direção, buscamos compreender as ações mobilizadas por alfabetizadoras para, em meio as situações coletivas e padronizadas de ensino, tratar as necessidades  de aprendizagem de alguns alunos. Para isso, analisamos as práticas de duas professoras do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental da rede municipal de ensino da cidade de Caruaru-PE, Brasil, adotando, como caminho teórico-metodológico, a abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa. Os dados da investigação, tratados por meio da análise temática de conteúdo e obtidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de observações em sala de aula, evidenciaram a utilização de alguns “esquemas de ação” e “táticas” por parte das professoras para, em meio às situações coletivas e padronizadas de ensino, atender às necessidades de alguns alunos.
Teacher training does a epistemological question?
Authors: Pipkin Diana Estela
Published: July 2017

What does the learning of social sciences to the trajectories of young citizens? What to teach social sciences in secondary school? Why curricular changes in Argentina did not change classroom practices? We believe that the answers to these questions involve, though not exclusively, in the field of teacher training. Precisely, this paper aims to reflect on the characteristics of the training of teachers of History and Sociology at the University of Buenos Aires, taking account both the disciplinary aspects of the pedagogical-comment- from our students and our experience as teachers of these teaching careers. We are concerned to analyze, in particular, the presence / absence of epistemological contained in the careers of these faculties and their implications when thinking teaching.
Formação de professores para o ensino de Antropologia no Brasil e na Argentina
Authors: Oliveira Amurabi , Rúa Maximiliano
Published: July 2017

A Antropologia enquanto ciência passou a ser sistematizada a partir do século XIX, de tal forma que seus primeiros docentes eram autodidatas nessa área de conhecimento, e ainda que seu ensino estivesse restrito inicialmente às formações universitárias, em alguns países houve experiências pontuais também na Educação Básica. Nesse artigo analisamos a formação de professores para o Ensino de Antropologia no Brasil e na Argentina, considerando os diversos cenários institucionais e acadêmicos existentes nos dois países, pois, se por um lado na Argentina há um menor número de cursos em comparação com o Brasil, por outro, tais cursos são mais específicos voltando-se para a formação de professores de Antropologia ao passo que no Brasil essa formação encontra-se dissolvida nos cursos de Ciências Sociais, estando seu ensino alocado na disciplina de Sociologia existente na Educação Básica. Buscamos aqui, portanto, analisar como os cursos de formação de professores para o Ensino de Antropologia nas escolas nesses dois países lidam com os desafios existentes em seus diferentes contextos institucionais e acadêmicos.
An aircraft gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer System for Organic Fast Identification Analysis (SOFIA): design, performance and a case study of Asian monsoon pollution outflow
Authors: Bourtsoukidis Efstratios , Helleis Frank , Tomsche Laura , Fischer Horst , Hofmann Rolf , Lelieveld Jos , Williams Jonathan
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) are important for global air quality and oxidation processes in the troposphere. In addition to ground-based measurements, the chemical evolution of such species during transport can be studied by performing in-situ airborne measurements. Generally, aircraft instrumentation needs to be sensitive, robust and sample at higher frequency than ground based systems while their construction must comply with rigorous mechanical and electrical safety standards. Here, we present a new System for Organic Fast Identification Analysis (SOFIA), which is a custom built fast Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) system with a time resolution of 2–3 min. The relatively high time resolution is the result of a novel cryogenic pre-concentration unit which rapidly cools (~ 6 °C/s) the sample enrichment traps to −140 °C, and a new chromatographic oven designed for rapid cooling rates (~ 30 °C/s) and subsequent thermal stabilization. SOFIA was installed in the High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO) for the Oxidation Mechanism Observations (OMO) campaign in August 2015, aimed at investigating the Asian monsoon pollution outflow in the tropical upper troposphere. In addition to a comprehensive instrument characterization we present an example monsoon plume crossing flight as a case study to demonstrate the instrument capability. Hydro- and halocarbon data from SOFIA are compared with mixing ratios of carbon monoxide (CO) and methane (CH4), used to define the pollution plume. By using excess (ExR) and normalized excess mixing ratios (NEMRs) the pollution could be attributed to two air masses of distinctly different origin, identified by back-trajectory analysis. This work endorses the use of SOFIA for aircraft operation and demonstrates the value of relatively high-frequency, multicomponent measurements in atmospheric chemistry research.
Patterns in woody vegetation structure across African savannas
Authors: Axelsson Christoffer R. , Hanan Niall P.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Vegetation structure in water-limited systems is to a large degree controlled by ecohydrological processes, including mean annual precipitation (MAP) modulated by the characteristics of precipitation and geomorphology that collectively determine how rainfall is distributed vertically into soils or horizontally in the landscape. We anticipate that woody canopy cover, crown density, crown size, and the level of spatial aggregation among woody plants in the landscape will vary across environmental gradients. A high level of woody plant aggregation is most distinct in periodic vegetation patterns (PVPs), which emerge as a result of ecohydrological processes such as runoff generation and increased infiltration close to plants. Similar, albeit weaker, forces may influence the spatial distribution of woody plants elsewhere in savannas. Exploring these trends can extend our knowledge of how semi-arid vegetation structure is constrained by rainfall regime, soil type, topography, and disturbance processes such as fire. Using high-spatial-resolution imagery, a flexible classification framework, and a crown delineation method, we extracted woody vegetation properties from 876 sites spread over African savannas. At each site, we estimated woody cover, mean crown size, crown density, and the degree of aggregation among woody plants. This enabled us to elucidate the effects of rainfall regimes (MAP and seasonality), soil texture, slope, and fire frequency on woody vegetation properties. We found that previously documented increases in woody cover with rainfall is more consistently a result of increasing crown size than increasing density of woody plants. Along a gradient of mean annual precipitation from the driest (< 200 mm yr−1) to the wettest (1200–1400 mm yr−1) end, mean estimates of crown size, crown density, and woody cover increased by 233, 73, and 491 % respectively. We also found a unimodal relationship between mean crown size and sand content suggesting that maximal savanna tree sizes do not occur in either coarse sands or heavy clays. When examining the occurrence of PVPs, we found that the same factors that contribute to the formation of PVPs also correlate with higher levels of woody plant aggregation elsewhere in savannas and that rainfall seasonality plays a key role for the underlying processes.
Modification of the RothC model to simulate soil C mineralization of exogenous organic matter
Authors: Mondini Claudio , Cayuela Maria Luz , Sinicco Tania , Fornasier Flavio , Galvez Antonia , Sánchez-Monedero Miguel Angel
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The development of soil organic C (SOC) models capable of producing accurate predictions for the long-term decomposition of exogenous organic matter (EOM) in soils is important for the effective management of organic amendments. However, reliable C modeling in amended soils requires specific optimization of current C models to take into account the high variability in EOM origin and properties. The aim of this work was to improve the prediction of C mineralization rates in amended soils by modifying the RothC model to encompass a better description of EOM quality. The standard RothC model, involving C input to the soil only as decomposable (DPM) or resistant (RPM) organic material, was modified by introducing additional pools of decomposable (DEOM), resistant (REOM) and humified (HEOM) EOM. The partitioning factors and decomposition rates of the additional EOM pools were estimated by model fitting to the respiratory curves of amended soils. For this task, 30 EOMs from 8 contrasting groups (compost, anaerobic digestates, sewage sludge, agro-industrial waste, crop residues, bioenergy by-products, animal residues and meat and bone meals) were added to 10 soils and incubated under different conditions. The modified RothC model was fitted to C mineralization curves in amended soils with great accuracy (mean correlation coefficient 0.995). In contrast to the standard model, the EOM-optimized RothC was able to better accommodate the large variability in EOM source and composition, as indicated by the decrease in the root mean square error of the simulations for different EOMs (from 29.9 to 3.7 % and 20.0 to 2.5 % for soils amended with bioethanol residue and household waste compost, respectively). The average decomposition rates for DEOM and REOM pools were 89 and 0.4 yr−1, higher than the standard model coefficients for DPM (10 yr−1) and RPM (0.3 yr−1). The results indicate that the explicit treatment of EOM heterogeneity enhances the model ability to describe amendment decomposition under laboratory conditions and provides useful information to improve C modeling on the effects of different EOM on C dynamics in agricultural soils. Future research will involve the validation of the modified model with field data and its application in the long-term simulation of SOC patterns in amended soil at regional scales under climate change.
Emission metrics for quantifying regional climate impacts of aviation
Authors: Lund Marianne T. , Aamaas Borgar , Berntsen Terje , Bock Lisa , Burkhardt Ulrike , Fuglestvedt Jan S. , Shine Keith P.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. This study examines the impacts of emissions from aviation in six source regions on global and regional temperatures. We consider the NOx-induced impacts on ozone and methane, aerosols and contrail-cirrus formation and calculate the global and regional emission metrics global warming potential (GWP), global temperature change potential (GTP) and absolute regional temperature change potential (ARTP). The GWPs and GTPs vary by a factor of 2–4 between source regions. We find the highest aviation aerosol metric values for South Asian emissions, while contrail-cirrus metrics are higher for Europe and North America, where contrail formation is prevalent, and South America plus Africa, where the optical depth is large once contrails form. The ARTP illustrate important differences in the latitudinal patterns of radiative forcing (RF) and temperature response: the temperature response in a given latitude band can be considerably stronger than suggested by the RF in that band, also emphasizing the importance of large-scale circulation impacts. To place our metrics in context, we quantify temperature change in four broad latitude bands following 1 year of emissions from present-day aviation, including CO2. Aviation over North America and Europe causes the largest net warming impact in all latitude bands, reflecting the higher air traffic activity in these regions. Contrail cirrus gives the largest warming contribution in the short term, but remain important at about 15 % of the CO2 impact in several regions even after 100 years. Our results also illustrate both the short- and long-term impacts of CO2: while CO2 becomes dominant on longer timescales, it also gives a notable warming contribution already 20 years after the emission. Our emission metrics can be further used to estimate regional temperature change under alternative aviation emission scenarios. A first evaluation of the ARTP in the context of aviation suggests that further work to account for vertical sensitivities in the relationship between RF and temperature response would be valuable for further use of the concept.
The Relationship between Employee Engagement, HRM practices and Perceived Organizational Support: Evidence from Banking Employees
Authors: Aktar Alima , Pangil Faizuniah
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between HRM practices and employee engagement. Although employee engagement has got a great attention among the industry practitioners in recent times, it requires more considerations particularly in the academic literature. Based on the norms of social exchange theory (SET), this study has developed the framework to examine the role of perceived organizational support (POS) on HRM practices-employee engagement linkage. Survey data has been collected from employees who are working in different private commercial banks in Bangladesh. This study has used a sample of 376 employees using cluster sampling technique. To analyze the data, this study has employed SmartPLS 3.0 version software. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that HRM practices namely career advancement, job security and performance were significantly and positively related to employee engagement. The results also showed that POS can moderate the relationship between HRM practices and employee engagement. It suggests that in the presence of POS, relatively low level of employees’ perceptions regarding job related resources will exert a high level of employees’ behavioral outcomes such as engagement. The implications and suggestions for future research have also been discussed.
The Short Story, Censorship, and Wartime Publishing: Julian Maclaren-Ross and Horizon Magazine, 1940–42
Authors: Cutting Sam
Published: July 2017

This article explores the stories Julian Maclaren-Ross published in Horizon as a way of understanding the social, economic, and literary situation surrounding the magazine. In doing so, it makes the claim that Maclaren-Ross epitomized the ethos of Horizon, and was a unique and important wartime voice.
Canada's New Stars: The Decline of the Stage and the Rise of Cinema in Early-Twentieth Century Magazines
Authors: Lee Katja
Published: July 2017

Between 1910 and 1930 entertainment journalism in middle-class Canadian magazines was shifting. By tracing the representations of theater and film in two of Canada's most popular magazines, MacLean's and Everywoman's World, this article demonstrates the relative attention devoted to each field and how particular forms and styles for their representation emerged and changed. The combined statistical data and discursive analysis reveals the extent to which Canadians were presumed to be interested in theater stars and the relatively quick redirection of interest to the cinema in general (and a handful of stars in particular) and the visual forms of representation that this turn inspired.
Nietzsche on Honor and Empathy
Authors: Ganesh Akshay
Published: July 2017

My aim here is to contribute to the literature about Nietzsche's exemplars by excavating two undertreated but important themes in Nietzsche: first, his investment in the value of honor, which unifies many strands of thought in his ethics and his criticism of Christian morality, and second, his account of and investment in our capacity for empathy. I demonstrate Nietzsche's consistent preoccupation with honor, and give a specific account of what he means by it and why he is invested in it, offering some new additions to accounts of familiar Nietzschean themes along the way. I then describe Nietzsche's account of empathy and offer some remarks on its connection to honor in the case of the higher type. I conclude by setting out some implications the addition of these two concepts to our conception of Nietzsche's central concerns might have for philosophers.
Genetic diversity of the Northern Morocco goat population assessed with microsatellite markers
Authors: El Moutchou Najat , González-Martínez Ana M. , Chentouf Mouad , Lairini Khalid , Rodero Evangelina
Published: July 2017

The main goal of this work was to study the genetic diversity of the Northern Morocco goat population through the analysis of 19 microsatellites in 144 animals from 61 herds. To detect a possible population structure, three distinct geographic subpopulations were characterized as a function of climate and environmental influences. Most of the markers were highly polymorphic, and the results revealed considerable genetic variation across the studied loci. A total of 204 alleles were detected, with an average number of 10.7 per locus. The PIC average was 0.728, and four microsatellites showed a significant deviation (p< 0.05) from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that only 0.5% of the variation corresponded to differences among subpopulations, and 99.5% corresponded to differences among individuals. Factorial correspondence analysis showed intense admixtures across the putative subpopulations, and the subdivision related to geographical or environmental adaptation was undetectable. The Northern Morocco goat population presented high genetic diversity and a lack of population structure. The main reason for these findings is the absence of the breed concept (reproductively closed population), resulting in uncontrolled crossbreeding with exotic breeds and other local goats.
Health education compliance among pregnant women
Authors: Ibrahim Mohammed Azza Fathi , Kandeel Hanan Abdelrahman Mostafa
Published: July 2017

It has been publicized that pregnant women exhibit an increase in clinical signs and symptoms during the pregnancy period. Nurses have an essential role to help pregnant women in handling their self-care as independently as possible. Health education is a foundation of nursing interventions in prenatal care. The compliance of pregnant women to health instructions will facilitate the nursing management in being systemic, holistic and creative for experiencing a positive pregnancy outcome. But, despite all the best intentions and efforts on the part of the healthcare professionals, these products might not be achievable if the women are non-compliant. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the factors that affect health education compliance among pregnant women. A descriptive research design was undertaken. By convenient sampling, 238 pregnant women were selected at out-patients units in El Shatiby University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. A Health Education Compliance Questionnaire (HECQ) was developed and used to collect the necessary data of the study. Based on the analysis of the subjects’ responses, the results revealed that there were promoting and inhibiting factors regarding health education compliance as perceived by pregnant women. First, in relation to themselves, the enhancing factors were physical and psychological conditions, self-cooperation, and relationship with the health staff, whereas, the inhibiting factors were concentration and understanding, acceptance, and trust. Second, as regards social and economic factors, the promoting factors were friends and relatives, family relationships, and marital age, while the hindering factors were monthly income, family size and transportation. Moreover, study subjects ranked the satisfactory topics that they received and adhered pregnancy follow up took the first position and dangerous signs were the next. In conclusion, compliance to health education among pregnant women is a major health concern affecting almost all women in El Shatiby University Hospital. There are a lot of factors that may promote or inhibit health education compliance among these women. The major recommendation is that nurses as health educators must facilitate the educational process for pregnant women, family and society. Efforts and collaboration between all nursing disciplines in the field of health education should be established. As this may be crucial to improve health education compliance within pregnancy or other maternal condition. Future studies need to investigate on how to minimize the inhibiting factors and support the promoting ones.
Using Improved d-HMAC for Password Storage
Authors: Najjar Mohannad
Published: July 2017

Password storage is one of the most important cryptographic topics through the time. Different systems use distinct ways of password storage. In this paper, we developed a new algorithm of password storage using dynamic Key-Hashed Message Authentication Code function (d-HMAC). The developed improved algorithm is resistant to the dictionary attack and brute-force attack, as well as to the rainbow table attack. This objective is achieved by using dynamic values of dynamic inner padding d-ipad, dynamic outer padding d-opad and user’s public key as a seed.
An Eastern Orthodox Perspective on Economic Life, Property, Work, and Business Ethics
Authors: Harakas Stanley S.
Published: July 2017

Eastern Orthodox Christianity carries forward a moral tradition from the earliest Christian period, in the belief that scriptural and patristic teaching remains applicable to the contemporary economic sphere of life. The Church Fathers focused on the ownership of property and the ethical acquisition of wealth and its use; they stressed special concern for the poor and disadvantaged. Carried forward through the Byzantine and modern eras, these early Christian understandings now can be applied through a basic and elementary natural law morality to business activities. The Orthodox approach embodies traditional virtue and character ethics as well. The essay concludes by applying these Orthodox approaches to two current issues: the charging of interest and internet ethics.
Business Ethics Among Baptists
Authors: McGee Daniel B.
Published: July 2017

This study focuses upon two competing visions of wealth and work among Baptists in America and how these different visions have shaped Baptist business ethics. Russell H. Conwell reflected the Reformed tradition's inclination toward what came to be called the Protestant work ethic and its defense of capitalism. He contended that American capitalism presented an open door for any diligent worker to achieve deserved riches. Walter Rauschenbusch reflected the Anabaptist heritage in the stream of Baptist history. He challenged the dominant ethos of the industrial revolution in America and its preference for the interests of management; he called instead for the protection of the worker from the monopolistic power of the capitalists. These two contrasting postures influenced the response of Baptists to the labor-management struggle.
Interdependence
Authors: White Judith
Published: July 2017

This paper applies central concepts found in Buddhism--interdependence, small ego, karma, suffering from desire and aversion, and non-harming--to current issues in business ethics and social responsibility. Despite their contrast with Western ethical principles, these Buddhist concepts address ethical problems found in Western business practice: hyperindividualism, greed, exploitation, and deception. The key is finding a middle ground between East and West.