bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Calcium Sources for the Management of Botrytis Blight on Petunia Flowers
Authors: Bennett Katherine , Schnabel Guido , Faust James E.
Published: April 2023

Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of calcium (Ca) spray applications derived from Ca chloride for reducing botrytis (Botrytis cinerea) infection severity on petunia (Petunia ×hybrida) flowers. This study examines the effects of six Ca sources for their efficacy in reducing Botrytis blight on petunia flowers and their potential to cause spray damage or phytotoxicity. In the first experiment, the six Ca sources evaluated were laboratory-grade and commercial-grade Ca chloride, Ca nitrate, Ca ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid chelate, Ca amino acid chelate, and Ca silicate. In the second experiment, petunia flowers that were 0, 1, 3, 5, or 7 days old at the time of the Ca spray applications were evaluated for spray damage severity. For both experiments, treatments were applied to flowering plants. For the evaluation of Botrytis blight efficacy, flowers were excised and inoculated with botrytis spores 24 hours after the Ca spray application, and were evaluated every 12 hours for 72 hours. Laboratory-grade and commercial-grade Ca chloride at 1250 mg⋅L–1 Ca were the most effective Ca sources evaluated for decreasing Botrytis blight severity while not causing spray damage at any flower age. Spray damage to the flowers from the Ca chloride application increased when Ca concentrations increased to 2000 mg⋅L–1, but no additional benefit was observed for reducing Botrytis blight severity compared with the 1250-mg⋅L–1 Ca application. The results demonstrate that several Ca sources reduce Botrytis blight severity significantly; however, selection of the Ca source is important for minimizing the risk of spray damage.
The Study of Trauma from a Lacanian Psychoanalytic Perspective
Authors:   British And American Language And Literature Association Of Korea, Kang Jin - Ho
Published: April 2023

This paper tries to investigate trauma from a psychoanalytic perspective of Jacques Lacan. Succeeding Sigmund Freud’s analysis of traumatic neurosis through the linguistic mechanism of condensation and displacement, Lacan explorers trauma by the linguistic structure, proposing the system of three registers, the imaginary, the symbolic, and the real. Lacan supposes that the trauma cannot be articulated and comprehended by the symbolic. The traumatic event and its memory have a fundamental lack which fails any attempt to represent them in language. But ironically the impossibility to speak and write out trauma activates the drive for jouissance to see through the hole of the traumatic memory and encounter the incomprehensible truth of trauma. With this respect, I think Lacanian psychoanalytic interpretation of trauma suggests the ethical approach to trauma and promises some kind of healing by embracing the unspeakable truth of trauma.
Korean university students’ language performance in synchronous online text chats
Authors:   British And American Language And Literature Association Of Korea, Kim Hyekyeng
Published: April 2023

The present study investigated the effects of task types on synchronous online text chats by Korean university students. A total of 26 students with low and intermediate oral proficiency participated in this study and performed a convergent and a divergent task in groups using the KakaoTalk mobile messaging app during English classes. The text chats were evaluated for complexity, fluency, and number of turn - taking. The results showed that when compared to divergent tasks, students used more words during convergent tasks, which require agreement to complete, and also employed more turn - taking through the use of interactional modifications. Nonetheless, there was almost no difference in fluency between the two tasks due to their duration for the task completion. Meanwhile, in the divergent task, students used more complex sentences, likely due to the use of mobile dictionaries. The limitations of the research as well as pedagogical implications are also mentioned.
Dynamical spin-orbit-based spin transistor
Authors: Gürsoy Fahriye Nur , Reck P. , Gorini Cosimo , Richter Klaus , Adagideli Inanc
Published: April 2023

Spin-orbit interaction (SOI) has been a key tool to steer and manipulate spin-dependent transport properties in two-dimensional electron gases. Here we demonstrate how spin currents can be created and efficiently read out in nano- or mesoscale conductors with time-dependent and spatially inhomogeneous Rashba SOI. Invoking an underlying non-Abelian SU(2) gauge structure we show how time-periodic spin-orbit fields give rise to spin electric forces and enable the generation of pure spin currents of the order of several hundred nano-Amperes. In a complementary way, by combining gauge transformations with “hidden” Onsager relations, we exploit spatially inhomogeneous Rashba SOI to convert spin currents (back) into charge currents. In combining both concepts, we devise a spin transistor that integrates efficient spin current generation, by employing dynamical SOI, with its experimentally feasible detection via conversion into charge signals. We derive general expressions for the respective spin- and charge conductance, covering large parameter regimes of SOI strength and driving frequencies, far beyond usual adiabatic approaches such as the frozen scattering matrix approximation. We check our analytical expressions and approximations with full numerical spin-dependent transport simulations and demonstrate that the predictions hold true in a wide range from low to high driving frequencies.
Multitasking Correlation Network for Depth Information Reconstruction
Authors: Nguyen Quang Van , Hoang Duy Cao , Nguyen Hong Phuc
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we propose a novel multi-tasking network for stereo matching. The proposed network is trained to approximate similarity functions in statistics and linear algebra such as correlation coefficient, distance correlation and cosine similarity. By doing this, the proposed method decreases the amount of time needed to calculate the disparity map by using CNN's ability to calculate multiple pairs of image patches at the same time. We then compare the execution time and overall accuracy between the traditional method using functions and our method. The results show the model's ability to mimic the traditional method's performance while taking considerably less time to perform the task.
Nonlinear dynamic analysis of power reflux hydraulic transmission system
Authors: Wang Huan , Ge Shuaishuai , Guo Dong , Jiang Yanjun
Published: April 2023

Power reflux hydraulic transmission system (PRHTS), which is a recently introduced continuously variable transmission system, enables the improvement of fuel economy of construction vehicles. For investigating the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of PRHTS, its nonlinear dynamic model is established by merging the dynamic models of a planetary gear train and torque converter. A dynamical model of the planetary gear train reveals the parameters of mesh damping, time-varying mesh stiffness, and transmission error. The nonlinear dynamic equations of the PRHTS are solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The dynamic orbits of the system are observed through bifurcation diagrams, which use the internal excitation frequency and meshing damping ratios, both of which are dimensionless, as control parameters. Numerical examples show the dynamic evolution mechanism involving one-period motion, multi-periodic motion, quasi-periodic motion, and chaotic motion. The onset of chaotic motion is identified from bifurcation diagrams, dynamic trajectories, phase plane diagram, and Poincaré maps of the PRHTS. The simulation results provide an understanding of the operating conditions under which undesirable dynamic motion occurs in PRHTS and serve as invaluable information for effective dynamic design of PRHTS.
Sensitive analysis on added damping of shunted piezoceramic damping: cantilever and simply supported beam
Authors: Gurubrahmam K. , Rao T. Ramamohan , Reddy M. Chandra Sekhar
Published: April 2023

The current research investigates the prediction of piezoelectric damping of resistively shunted beams caused by resistors via joule heating. In order to maximize the extra damping of the piezoelectric shunted beam system, a sensitivity analysis was done. The geometrical impacts on the maximum additional damping simulation are investigated for different length and thickness ratios with the position of the PZT-5H from the base of the cantilever and simply supported beams. Prior to doing sensitivity analysis, a mathematical model for estimating extra damping from voltage produced. Validation experiments are also carried out.
State Price Regulation and Competition Support in the Crisis Period: Sociological Aspects
Authors: Baynova Mariya
Published: April 2023

The topic of the article is relevant due to the development of state price regulation during the crisis. Measures to curb price growth provoke discussion about the role of state regulation in the economy, the importance of competition for price reduction, and the essence of market economy. The purpose is to summarize the opinions of entrepreneurs about directions of price growth regulation in Russia. The objectives are to combine sociological data and expert’s opinions regarding government price regulation measures, analyze the results of the author’s survey of entrepreneurs, evaluate the results based on the review of scientific literature on the Russian competitive environment. The authors analyzed the results of sociological surveys and expert discussions, presented the results of author's survey. Entrepreneurs are ready to accept state price regulation due to high monopolization in the fuel and energy sector, agriculture, and retail trade. Entrepreneurs are also interested in reducing the tax burden and loan rates.
Attractiveness of the Sakhalin Region: Structure and Place among the Russian Regions
Authors: Golubchenko Stanislava
Published: April 2023

The attractiveness of the region should be considered not only in relation to certain categories of interested parties (investors, tourists, migrants, the region’s population), but also as a complex phenomenon. At the same time, it is necessary to distinguish between attractiveness itself as a socio-psychological phenomenon and the factors influencing it. The article is devoted to the integral assessment of the Russian regions’ attractiveness and the analysis of the Sakhalin Region’s place among other regions. The goal of the article is to identify the degree of Sakhalin region’s attractiveness compared to the other regions and analyze the components of its attractiveness. The main methods are integral ranking and assessment of the region’s features influence on attractiveness. The author compiled an integral ranking of Russian regions by attractiveness (as of 2020), performed a brief analysis of the first and last 10 regions in the ranking, analyzed the integral rank of the Sakhalin region, and assessed the influence of certain features of the Sakhalin region in the all-Russian ranking (according to 4 main aspects of attractiveness). Based on well-known ratings and rankings with some additions, it is possible to calculate a comprehensive ranking of regions’ attractiveness relative to each other. The Sakhalin Region occupies the 24th place in the integral ranking primarily due to the island’s location and the uniqueness of its nature. To a lesser extent it is influenced by the development of natural resources, such as oil, natural gas, and fish. Attractiveness for tourists contributes to the overall rank the most. The attractiveness of the Sakhalin Region is noticeably one-sided, which must be taken into account in the development of measures to improve it.
Socio-Economic Status of the Region through the Lens of Secondary Vocational Education Graduates' Employment Promotion
Authors: Dorofeeva Tatyana , Shubina Natal'ya
Published: April 2023

The success of employment is one of the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of secondary vocational education organizations. In the market economy without a graduate distribution system, the process of promoting employment has become dependent on a large number of external and internal factors. The purpose of the study is to identify the factors influencing the effectiveness of employment promotion measures. The authors use methods of statistical data analysis, comparative studies, and generalization. The article considers the main problems of graduates’ employment. The employment in the Kemerovo region is influenced by the industry structure, coal and metal markets conjuncture, and economic diversification. On one hand, the existing structure of economy creates an extensive labor market for graduates of secondary vocational education. On the other hand, most of the vacancies are offered by traditional industries that are unattractive for modern youth. The authors specify the factors that influence the effectiveness of measures to promote the graduates’ employment.
Estimation of the economic value of irrigation water in canal and tube well command areas
Authors: Upadhyaya Ashutosh , Jeet Pawan , Singh Anil Kumar , Sundaram Prem Kumar
Published: April 2023

In recent years, inequality in the distribution of tube wells and non-availability or non-accessibility of canal water during the rabi season leads to a lack of economic value fixation of irrigation water to crops. The main objective of this paper is to calculate the economic value of irrigation water for major crops in the Paliganj distributary of the Sone canal system and the Nalanda corridor site of tube well irrigation, Bihar, India using the Residual Value Method (RVM). Results revealed that the average irrigation water economic value on the basis of applied irrigation through the canal and tube well in the Paliganj distributary for rice, kharif maize, wheat, lentil, khesari, gram, rabi maize, potato, onion, and green gram crops was assessed as 3.73, 22.60, 11.67, 21.50, 27.42, 23.27, 14.75, 98.06, 84.92, and 27.17 Rs./m3, respectively. In the Nalanda corridor, the average irrigation water economic value of rice, kharif maize, wheat, lentil, gram, pea, mustard, potato, rabi maize, and green gram crops was assessed as 12.54, 24.61, 18.71, 44.15, 39.53, 37.85, 32.35, 96.93, 15.44, and 30.25 Rs./m3, respectively.
Draft Genome Sequence of Enterobacter cloacae S23 a Plant Growthpromoting
Passenger Endophytic Bacterium Isolated from Groundnut
Nodule Possesses Stress Tolerance Traits
Authors: Ramakrishnan Pavithra , Ariyan Manikandan , Rangasamy Anandham , Rajasekaran Raghu , Ramasamy Krishnamoorthy , Murugaiyan SenthilKumar , Janahiraman Veeranan
Published: April 2023

Aim:

This study aims to reveal the passenger endophytic bacterium Enterobacter cloacae
S23 isolated from groundnut nodules and to underpin the molecular mechanism and genes responsible
for abiotic stress tolerance.

Background:

A variety of microorganisms that contribute to nodulation and encourage plant development
activity in addition to the nodulating Rhizobium. Passenger endophytes (PE) are endophytes
that accidentally penetrate the plant without any selective pressure keeping them in the interior tissue
of the plant. PE possesses characteristics that encourage plant development and boost output while reducing
pathogen infection and improving biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. However, there is a lack
of molecular evidence on the passenger endophyte-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses.

Objective:

This study was formulated to reveal the draft genome sequence of Enterobacter cloacae
S23, as well as genes and characteristics involved in plant growth promotion and stress tolerance.

Method:

The data were submitted to PATRIC and the TORMES-1.0 Unicyclker tools were used to
conduct a complete genome study of Enterobacter cloacae S23. The TORMES-1.0 platform was used
to process the reads. RAST tool kit (RASTtk) was used to annotate the S23 sequence. The plant
growth-promoting traits such as indole acetic acid production, siderophore secretion, production of extracellular
polysaccharides, biofilm formation, phosphate solubilization, and accumulation of osmolytes
were examined under normal, 7% NaCl and 30% polyethylene glycol amended conditions to determine
their ability to withstand salt and moisture stressed conditions, respectively.

Result:

We report the size of Enterobacter cloacae S23 is 4.82Mb which contains 4511 proteincoding
sequences, 71 transfer RNA genes, and 3 ribosomal RNA with a G+C content of DNA is
55.10%. Functional analysis revealed that most of the genes are involved in the metabolism of amino
acids, cofactors, vitamins, stress response, nutrient solubilization (kdp, pho, pst), biofilm formation
(pga) IAA production (trp), siderophore production (luc, fhu, fep, ent, ybd), defense, and virulence.
The result revealed that E. cloacae S23 exhibited multiple plant growth-promoting traits under abiotic
stress conditions.

Conclusion:

Our research suggested that the discovery of anticipated genes and metabolic pathways
might characterise this bacterium as an environmentally friendly bioresource to support groundnut
growth through several mechanisms of action under multi-stresses.
The Effect of Beta-lactoglobulin Nanocapsules Containing Astaxanthin
and 5-fluorouracil on the Antioxidant Enzymes Activity of Superoxide
Dismutase, Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase in HCT116 Colorectal
Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Gholami Hamid , Abbasalipourkabir Roghayeh , Ziamajidi Nasrin , Divsalar Adeleh , Saeidifar Maryam , Zarei Sadegh
Published: April 2023

Background:

The use of nanoparticle drug delivery systems to enhance the therapeutic efficacy
and reduce the side effects of anticancer drugs is taken into consideration. Astaxanthin (ATX)
is a natural xanthophyll carotenoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties
used to prevent and treat some cancers.

Objectives:

In the present study, the antioxidant effect of beta-lactoglobulin (β-LG) nanocapsules containing
ATX and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; the first-line therapy for colorectal cancer) on the antioxidant
enzymes activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX)
in HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line was examined.

Methods:

In this experimental study, HCT116 cells were treated with different treatments of encapsulation
of ATX in β-LG, encapsulation 5-FU in β-LG, co-encapsulation of ATX and 5-FU in β-LG, free
ATX, free 5-FU, free ATX and free 5-FU, or β-LG nanocapsules without drugs for 24, 48 and 72
hours. There is a control group in which HCT116 cells were not treated with any drug. Then, 50% inhibitory
concentration (IC50) and cell viability were determined using an MTT assay. The antioxidant
enzyme activity of SOD, CAT, and GPX was measured by a colorimetric method in HCT116 cells.

Results:

Different treatments reduced the cell viability and increased apoptotic cells in a timedependent
manner, which was significant for beta-lactoglobulin nanocapsules treatment (P<0.05). It
means receiving more 5-FU or ATX in the encapsulated form by HCT116 cells. The antioxidant enzyme
activity of SOD, CAT, and GPX in HCT116 cells treated with beta-lactoglobulin nanocapsule
treatment significantly increased compared to the control group (P<0.001). Moreover, the antioxidant
activity of these enzymes in different treatments containing ATX (free or encapsulation) was significantly
higher than in other treatments (P<0.05). The most increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes
is recorded in the treatment of nanocapsules containing ATX and 5-FU simultaneously.

Conclusion:

Increased activity of antioxidant enzymes in addition to the induction of apoptosis in colorectal
cancer cells by various treatments of beta-lactoglobulin nanocapsules indicates more effective
drug administration in encapsulated form as well as synergistic thera[peutic effects of ATX and 5-FU.
Moreover, the main increase in antioxidant enzyme activity may be related to ATX.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЕРЕБІГУ ПНЕВМОНІЇ, АСОЦІЙОВАНОЇ З КОРОНАВІРУСНОЮ ХВОРОБОЮ COVID-19, У ПАЦІЄНТІВ, ЯКІ ОТРИМУВАЛИ СТАТИНОТЕРАПІЮ
Authors: Н. М. Середюк  , О. З. Скакун
Published: April 2023

Незважаючи на вакцинацію, а також використання специфічних моноклональних антитіл, коронавірусна хвороба (COVID-19) є важли- вою медико-соціальною проблемою. Коморбідна патологія, зокрема ар- теріальна гіпертензія, можуть обтяжувати перебіг COVID-19. Метою дослідження було вивчити особливості клінічного перебігу COVID-19 у пацієнтів з артеріальною гіпертензією, які отримували статинотера- пію. У дослідження включено 29 пацієнтів, які отримували статини у додатку до базової терапії (основна група), та 77 пацієнтів, які отриму- вали лише базову терапію (контрольна група). Рівень sIL-2R на момент виписки був нижчим у пацієнтів основної групи (3,4 [2,6–4,2] нг/мл), ніж у пацієнтів контрольної групи (4,7 [3,3–6,8] нг/мл) (р=0,03). Статини продемонстрували тенденцію до зменшення кількості пацієнтів, у яких спостерігалося зниження сатурації до рівня <93% за час усього стаці- онарного лікування (відношення шансів – 0,46 [0,19–1,14], р=0,09). Аналіз по підгрупах пацієнтів показав, що статини зменшували ймовірність зни- ження сатурації киснем крові до рівня <93% за весь час стаціонарного лікування серед пацієнтів віком ≥65 років на 72,9% (р=0,03), а також у пацієнтів з ІМТ ≥25,0 кг/м2 на 71,7% (р=0,02). Також статини зменшували ймовірність зниження сатурації киснем крові до рівня <93% за весь час стаціонарного лікування у хворих на цукровий діабет (р=0,07). Встановлено тенденцію до статистичної достовірності щодо зменшення ймовірності розвитку тяжкого/критичного перебігу COVID-19 у пацієнтів основної групи з ІМТ ≥25,0 кг/м2 (р=0,08) та з цукровим діабетом (р=0,098). Таким чином, статини полегшували клінічний перебіг COVID-19, а особливо зна- чний позитивний ефект від застосування статинів спостерігався у паці- єнтів віком ≥65 років, з ІМТ ≥25,0 кг/м2, а також у пацієнтів з цукровим діабетом.

Ключові слова: COVID-19, коронавірусна хвороба, статини, артері- альна гіпертензія.
Электротермические приемники звука
Authors: Легуша Ф.Ф. , Васильев Б.П. , Олейник М.М. , Разрезова К.В.
Published: April 2023

An analysis of the physical processes occurring during the emission of sound waves by electrothermal sound sources - thermophones, showed that a thermophone is a reversible physical system. This made it possible to determine the conditions under which the process of converting an acoustic signal into an alternating electric current can be carried out on the active element of the thermophone, and, consequently, the system will respond to an external acoustic field.
Challenges for occupational medicine during the pandemic of a new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19)
Authors: Gorblyansky Y. Y. , Ramazanova E. R. , Kontorovich E. P. , Ponamareva O. P.
Published: April 2023

The article describes the current issues in occupational medicine and the ways to resolve them in the context of the spread of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. The risks of COVID-19 infection in medical and non-medical workers are considered. Modern approaches to establishment of COVID-19 causal relationship with occupation and medical examinations in patients with COVID-19 are presented. The main provisions of the National concept of healthcare-associated infections relevant in the context of COVID-19 pandemic are presented. Problems in public health care related to restructuring of work of medical organizations in conditions of COVID-19 spread are shown. Attention is paid to mental health disorders in medical workers providing medical care to patients with COVID-19. The prospects of development and implementation of measures for prevention of COVID-19, its complications and adverse outcomes taking into account complex assessment of working environment and professional health of workers are considered from the position of occupational medicine.
Preventing mental health disorders in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Strizhakov L. A. , Babanov S. A. , Vinnikov D. V. , Ostryakova N. A. , Agarkova A. S.
Published: April 2023

Objective: based on a comprehensive assessment of the levels of anxiety and burnout syndrome among medical workers of COVID hospitals, develop measures to prevent mental health disorders. Materials and methods: examined: group 1 — medical workers of COVID hospitals (n=201); group 2 — medical workers of multidisciplinary hospitals (n=195); group 3 — medical workers of the outpatient clinic link (n=186). Control group (n=190) — employees of engineering, technical and economic specialties (healthy). Methods: psychological (“integrative anxiety test”, authors: A.P. Bizyuk, L.I. Wasserman, B.V. Iovlev (2005); method for diagnosing professional burnout according to V.V. Boyko). During statistical processing, the significance of differences was determined using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by intergroup comparisons according to Dunnet’s test. The obtained data were processed using the statistical package “Statistica” from StatSoft (USA). Results: in the study of the phases of emotional burnout, it was revealed that medical workers in COVID hospitals had significantly higher scores of the phase of stress, phases of resistance compared to medical workers in multidisciplinary hospitals and outpatient services. At the same time, the total score of the exhaustion phase was significantly increased in medical workers in COVID hospitals compared to medical workers in multidisciplinary hospitals, but there were no significant differences in this indicator when compared with medical workers in outpatient services. It has been established that among medical workers of COVID hospitals, the indicator “alarming assessment of prospects” prevails; in medical workers of multidisciplinary hospitals — “asthenic component”; among medical workers of the outpatient clinic link — a «phobic component». Conclusions: among medical workers of COVID hospitals, there is a high level of formation of phases of emotional burnout and anxiety. Measures to prevent mental health disorders of medical workers in COVID hospitals include: socio-psychological, professional and organizational.
Adaptive immune response in patients with atherosclerosis before and after coronary bypass surgery
Authors: Shlyk I. F. , Sizyakina L. P. , Evsegneeva I. V. , Shlyk S. V. , Besedina D. Yu. , Makarchuk I. V.
Published: April 2023

Objective: to assess changes in the immune status before and after coronary bypass surgery. Materials and methods: included 70 male patients with coronary atherosclerosis (group 1) and 30 volunteers (group 2) without signs of coronary artery disease comparable in age to group 1. Immunity parameters were studied before surgery, after 4–5, 9–10 and 28–30 days by the method of phenotyping of CD3+ populations; CD3+CD4+; CD3+CD8+; CD3+CD25+; CD3+CD45+; CD3+CD95+; CD4+CD25+; CD4+CD154+; CD19+, CD19+CD40+. The levels of Ig A, M, G were assessed by the method of radial immunodiffusion in the gel. Serum precipitation in polyethylene glycol was used to determine circulating immune complexes. Statistical analysis of the study results was performed using the Statistica 12.0 program (StatSoft, USA). Statistical significance was considered significant at p<0.05. Results: in patients of the IHD group, uncoupling of the processes of T-lymphocyte activation, their maturation and apoptosis was noted; suppression of immunoregulation and activation of intercellular cooperation. After CABG, in dynamics, these processes reflect the multidirectional changes. Conclusions: in patients with coronary atherosclerosis, there is a discoordination of the processes of T-lymphocyte activation, their maturation and apoptosis. Suppression of immunoregulation and activation of intercellular cooperation. In the dynamics after CABG, immunity parameters differ in different directions in different periods of observation and demonstrate different degrees of involvement of adaptive mechanisms of immune defense.
Balneotherapy of epigastric pain syndrome: the meaning of motilin in the implementation of the therapeutic effect
Authors: Shklyaev A. E. , Kazarin D. D. , Grigoreva O. A.
Published: April 2023

Objective: to study the mechanism of action of low-mineralized sulfate-chloride-sodium mineral water on the clinical picture and motor function of the stomach in patients with epigastric pain syndrome using the regulatory peptide motilin as an example. Materials and methods: 113 people of both sexes were examined, the average age was 22.3±0.21 years. The observation group (57 people) included individuals with functional dyspepsia in the variant of epigastric pain syndrome, the comparison group included practically healthy individuals (56 people). The questionnaire method was used according to the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale questionnaire; ELISA method for determining the concentration of motilin in the blood. Mineral water in a volume of 200 ml was taken once by both groups of patients, patients with EPS additionally received a course. Results: in persons with epigastric pain syndrome, abdominal pain prevails. The course intake of mineral water provides a positive clinical trend, confirmed by a decrease in the syndromes of lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract. A single and course intake of mineral water provides a stable increase in the level of motilin in functional dyspepsia. Conclusion: patients suffering from functional dyspepsia in the variant of epigastric pain syndrome have persistent disorders of motilin secretion compared with healthy individuals. Stimulation of the stomach on a drinking test model showed inadequacy of changes in the level of this hormone. Both a single and a course intake of low-mineralized sulfate-chloride-sodium mineral water contributes to an increase in the concentration of motilin, which should be considered as a physical adaptogenic factor leading to a stable ordering of the body’s functional relationships.
Assessment of physical development healthy full-term newborns of the Republic of Crimea centile standards INTERGROWTH-21st
Authors: Balakchina A. I. , Kaladze N. N.
Published: April 2023

Objective: to determine the feasibility of using INTERGROWTH-21st centile tables in assessing the physical development of full-term newborns in the Republic of Crimea. Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of 1300 birth histories of full-term newborns whose mothers permanently reside on the territory of the Republic of Crimea was carried out. Mass and length, chest and chest circumference were analyzed. The assessment of the obtained anthropometric indicators was carried out by the centile method according to the INTERGROWTH-21st tables. In the study, we conducted a comparative assessment using the accepted INTERGROWTH-21st standards, comparing them with the accepted domestic assessments of the state of the physical development of newborns. Results: the values of anthropometric indicators of boys in the Republic of Crimea are shifted towards higher estimates. Estimates “below average”, “low”, “very low” are found in no more than 3% of cases. “Above average”, “high”, “very high” are much more common: with 10% — for weight/length ratio, 18% — for weight, 34% — for length, and 51% — for head circumference. The values of anthropometric indicators of girls in the Republic of Crimea are also biased towards higher estimates. Ratings of “below average”, “low”, “very low” are very rare: 6% — for the weight/length ratio, 4% — for the weight rating, less than 1% — for the body length rating and 2% — for the head circumference. “Above average”, “high”, “very high” scores are much more common: 8% — for weight/length ratio, 15% — for weight score, 45% — for length score, and 30%— for OH. Conclusions: we consider the use of centile tables INTERGROWTH-21st in assessing the physical development of full-term newborns of the Republic of Kazakhstan to be inappropriate and we see the need to develop regional standards.
Credit rationing, institutions and local public debt
Authors: Gallardo Del Angel Roberto , Xu Yiwen
Published: April 2023

This work presents a model of credit rationing under the effects of judiciary in- efficiency and criminal extraction. Under low judiciary quality and high criminality, we argue that banks are more likely to lend to the government rather than private enterprises. We argue that credit rationing increased local public debt in Mexico before coming into effect the new law of Financial Discipline for States and Municipalities in 2016. Our scientific objective is explaining the supply of bank loans to the local public sector in Mexico under low institutional quality and credit rationing. We use Panel regression analysis and also applied an Autoregresive Distributed Lag model to obtain the long term growth rates. We also used Clustering analysis in order to classify states in Mexico in terms of their debt, defaults in the industry sector, crime and judicial inefficiency rates. Our empirical analysis shows that judiciary inefficiency and criminality induced higher amounts of bank loans to state governments during the period of 2004 to 2016. We also found that defaults in the industry sector also increased the amount of bank loans to local governments in Mexico, which may explain in part that the rationed credit is redirected to the public sector. We argue that keeping the quality of institutions low may induce higher bank lending to states, so there might be little incentive to improve the judiciary and public safety. The possible solution is to improve judicial efficiency and decrease criminality in order to reduce credit rationing and subsequently ensure local public debt stability in the long term.
Investigation of the Fusarium oxysporum-caused watermelon wilt infection and testing of some hybrids' susceptibility to infection
Authors: Abd Saleh Mohammed , Mahmood Abed Jasim
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted in the College of Agriculture, the University of Anbar, which aimed to diagnose the Fusarium oxysporium. The field survey results showed the spread of the disease in all areas for the seasons 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 in the governorates of Anbar, Baghdad, Salah al-Din, and Babylon. The infection rate ranged from 20-66%. The infection rate ranged from 20-66%, and the results of the phenotypic and molecular diagnosis showed the presence of the Fusarium oxysporium in the isolated samples. The results of the hybrid sensitivity test ( Jocker, Natasha, Pasha) for the three most pathogenic isolates, as all the hybrids were sensitive to highly pathogenic fungi, and the isolates were All of them are highly pathogenic.

Keywords: Fusarium wilt, watermelon, hybrids, sensitivity
Effect of seeds, oil, and black seed meal on Japanese Quail's productive performance
Authors: Ghanim Kesab Yaser , Mahmood Khaleel Mohammed , Naseer AL-Flayyih Raghad
Published: April 2023

.The research aims to effect using seeds, oil and black seeds meal on the productive performance of Japanese Quail. Seven experimental diets were used in the study; T1 was the control (with 0% seeds, oil or black seed meal), and T2 and T3 contained black seeds (BC) at two levels, 0.80 and 1.60%, respectively. T4 and T5 black seed oil (BSO) was added at 0.50 and 1% levels, respectively, while the last two treatments, T6 and T7, contained black seed meal (BSM) at two levels of 7 and 14%, respectively. Mash feed and water were submitted ad libitum during the whole period. The study includes one stage; the growth period (1-35 days old). This research was conducted at a poultry farm, Animal Production Department, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq. A total of 588 desert color Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), unsexed at one day old, were randomly distributed in seven previous treatments of six replicates with 14 birds in each in the growth period. The results showed significant effect (p≤ 0.05) in body weight(g/bird),body weight gain(g/bird), Protein digestion coefficient(%), Preslaughter weight(g/bird), carcass weight(g/bird), for T3. While the data showed a significant effect (p≤ 0.05) for T2 in water intake. The data confirmed the superiority of the T3, T5 and T7 in carbohydrate digestion coefficient(%). The growth rate recorded a significant effect (p≤ 0.05) for T3, T4, T5 and T6. As well as, T3 reported a low significant effect (p≤ 0.05) on feed conversion ratio(g feed: g WG) and water conversion ratio(ml: g WG). The best net revenue(Iraqi Dinar: g WG ) was T7 and T3. No significant differences were founded in all other traits in this study.

Keys words: seeds, oil, black seeds meal-productive performance -Japanese Quail.
The Influence of Paid Memberships on Physician Rating Websites With the Example of the German Portal Jameda: Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Armbruster Friedrich Aaron David , Brüggmann Dörthe , Groneberg David Alexander , Bendels Michael
Published: April 2023

Background

The majority of Germans see a deficit in information availability for choosing a physician. An increasing number of people use physician rating websites and decide upon the information provided. In Germany, the most popular physician rating website is Jameda.de, which offers monthly paid membership plans. The platform operator states that paid memberships have no influence on the rating indicators or list placement.

Objective

The goal of this study was to investigate whether a physician’s membership status might be related to his or her quantitative evaluation factors and to possibly quantify these effects.

Methods

Physician profiles were retrieved through the search mask on Jameda.de website. Physicians from 8 disciplines in Germany’s 12 most populous cities were specified as search criteria. Data Analysis and visualization were done with Matlab. Significance testing was conducted using a single factor ANOVA test followed by a multiple comparison test (Tukey Test). For analysis, the profiles were grouped according to member status (nonpaying, Gold, and Platinum) and analyzed according to the target variables—physician rating score, individual patient’s ratings, number of evaluations, recommendation quota, number of colleague recommendations, and profile views.

Results

A total of 21,837 nonpaying profiles, 2904 Gold, and 808 Platinum member profiles were acquired. Statistically significant differences were found between paying (Gold and Platinum) and nonpaying profiles in all parameters we examined. The distribution of patient reviews differed also by membership status. Paying profiles had more ratings, a better overall physician rating, a higher recommendation quota, and more colleague recommendations, and they were visited more frequently than nonpaying physicians’ profiles. Statistically significant differences were found in most evaluation parameters within the paid membership packages in the sample analyzed.

Conclusions

Paid physician profiles could be interpreted to be optimized for decision-making criteria of potential patients. With our data, it is not possible to draw any conclusions of mechanisms that alter physicians’ ratings. Further research is needed to investigate the causes for the observed effects.
Criteria for Advanced Prosthetic Foot Prescription: Rationale, Design, and Protocol for a Multisite, Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Maikos Jason T , Hendershot Brad D , Pruziner Alison L , Hyre Michael  J , Chomack John M , Phillips Samuel L , Heckman Jeffrey T , Sidiropoulos Alexis N , Dearth Christopher L , Nelson Leif M
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

The prescription of prosthetic ankle-foot devices is often based on the professional judgment of the limb loss care team or limited evidentiary research. Current prosthetic research efforts have focused on the design and development of prosthetic devices rather than on understanding which devices are the most appropriate to prescribe. This investigation will evaluate biomechanical, functional, and subjective outcome measures to help determine the optimal prescription parameters of prosthetic ankle-foot devices.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop evidence-based guidelines for limb loss care teams for the appropriate prescription of commercially available prosthetic ankle-foot devices to improve function and satisfaction.

METHODS

This investigation will be a multisite, randomized, crossover clinical trial targeting the enrollment of 100 participants. Participants will use 3 different types of prosthetic devices (energy storing and returning, articulating, and powered) in random order. Participants will be fitted and trained with each device and then separately use each device for a 1-week acclimation period. Following each 1-week acclimation period, participants will be evaluated using several functional measures and subjective surveys. A random subset of participants (30/100, 30%) will also undergo full-body gait analysis, following each 1-week acclimation period, to collect biomechanical data during level ground and incline and decline walking. After all individual device evaluations, participants will be given all 3 prostheses concurrently for 4 weeks of home and community use to capture user preference. Activity monitoring and a guided interview will be used to determine overall user preference.

RESULTS

The study was funded in August 2017, and data collection began in 2018. Data collection is expected to be completed before July 2023. Initial dissemination of results is expected to occur in the winter of 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

By identifying biomechanical, functional, and subjective outcomes that are sensitive to differences in prosthetic ankle-foot devices, a benchmark of evidence can be developed to guide effective prosthetic prescription.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03505983; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03505983

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/45612
Designing Electronic Data Capture Systems for Sustainability in Low-Resource Settings: Viewpoint With Lessons Learned From Ethiopia and Myanmar (Preprint)
Authors: Benda Natalie , Dougherty Kylie , Gebremariam Gobezayehu Abebe , Cranmer John N , Zawtha Sakie , Andreadis Katerina , Biza Heran , Masterson Creber Ruth
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Electronic data capture (EDC) is a crucial component in the design, evaluation, and sustainment of population health interventions. Low-resource settings, however, present unique challenges for developing a robust EDC system due to limited financial capital, differences in technological infrastructure, and insufficient involvement of those who understand the local context. Current literature focuses on the evaluation of health interventions using EDC but does not provide an in-depth description of the systems used or how they are developed. In this viewpoint, we present case descriptions from 2 low- and middle-income countries: Ethiopia and Myanmar. We address a gap in evidence by describing each EDC system in detail and discussing the pros and cons of different approaches. We then present common lessons learned from the 2 case descriptions as recommendations for considerations in developing and implementing EDC in low-resource settings, using a sociotechnical framework for studying health information technology in complex adaptive health care systems. Our recommendations highlight the importance of selecting hardware compatible with local infrastructure, using flexible software systems that facilitate communication across different languages and levels of literacy, and conducting iterative, participatory design with individuals with deep knowledge of local clinical and cultural norms.
Investing in Women Trainees: Building a Women in Medicine Group at an Academic Institution (Preprint)
Authors: Zhong Lydia , Lee Koeun , Baggstrom Maria Q , Bhayani Rakhee K
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Given the importance of proactively supporting women trainees in medicine to address gender inequities, we draw on the experience of a well-established professional development initiative to provide a framework for other institutions seeking to create similar trainee-focused programs.
Physicochemical Characterization Patin Fish Oil (Pangasius micronema) Is Refined Using Bentonite and Activated Carbon.
Authors: Indah Indah , Rohman Abdul , Lestari Lily Arsanti
Published: April 2023

Abstract: This study aims to determine the physical and chemical quality of fish oil from the flesh of Pangasius microcinema. The quality of extracted fish oil can be improved through a refining process. Before and after the purification process, the quality of crude fish oil was analyzed, including acid value (AV), saponification value (SV), iodine value (IV), peroxide value (PV), and p-anisidine value (An-V). The results of the characterization of patin fish oil (PFO) in meat were carried out with 3 purifications, namely purification without activated carbon purification treatment with bentonite, the value of susceptibility to acid value, peroxide value, saponification value, iodine value, and p-anisidinee value, which ranged from 1.92-2.64 mg KOH/g, peroxide value 3.76-4.87 meq O2/kg, iodine value 80.46-81.39 g I2/100g, saponification value 189.48-196.75 mg KOH/g, and p-anisidinee value 5.95-8.93 meq/kg. The best refining process is the oil extracted from patin fish oil meat oil and distilled using bentonite from dry rendering because the processed fish oil is good in the standards set by the International Association of Fish Flour Producers, Indonesian Fish Oil Standards, and as food fish oil grades.
Optimization of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Xanthan Gum Edible Film (Crocus sativus L.) as Antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Samudra Prihandi Surya , Ariani Lilies Wahyu , Cahyani Intan Martha
Published: April 2023

Staphylococcus aureus is a normal bacteria flora in the oral cavity and often causes infections. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) contains flavonoids that can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Saffron extract is formulated into edible film preparations because it can control drug release and maintain active substances, especially antibacterial ones. This study aims to determine the effect of comparing PVA and xanthan gum concentrations on edible film preparation physical characteristics and antibacterial activity. Also, to find out the optimal formula. This study uses the Simplex Lattice Design method and Design Expert to determine the concentration ratio. The optimization parameters of the preparation included pH, soluble time, water absorption, and antibacterial activity test using the well diffusion method. The ANOVA results showed that adding PVA concentration accelerated the dissolution time and increased the antibacterial inhibition. The addition of xanthan gum concentration increased the pH value and water absorption. The test results obtained pH 5.52, dissolution time 22.25 seconds, water absorption capacity is 43.95%, and antibacterial inhibition is 0.53 cm. The optimal formula was received at the concentration of PVA at 5.59% and xanthan gum at 0.41%. T-test shows that the equation of each optimal parameter is valid.