bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Batasan Kewenangan dan Tanggung Jawab Notaris-PPAT dalam Edukasi Prosedur Pembuatan Akta Otentik Ditinjau dari Pasal 51 KUHP
Authors: Abdillah Satrio
Published: March 2023

Kebutuhan akan akta otentik tidak terlepas dari salah satu prinsip hukum di Indonesia yaitu menjadikan suatu alat bukti tertulis sebagai acuan terjadinya sesuatu hal. Pada kegiatan ini tindakan hukum yang melibatkan para pihak, dalam ranah hukum perdata yang bersifat private. Oleh karenanya, peran dari Notaris dan PPAT sangat sentral karena hanya profesi hukum ini yang dapat membuat akta otentik dalam hal hubungan keperdataan yang di delegasikan oleh Negara untuk melayani kebutuhan masyarakat tersebut. Notaris dan PPAT adalah Pejabat Umum yang diangkat, diawasi dan diberhentikan oleh Negara. Notaris-PPAT hanya untuk mewakili apa yang diinginkan atau dikehendaki oleh penghadap atau para pihak. Dengan mencatat lalu mempersiapkan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, dan apabila sudah selesai  dengan kehendak para pihak, mereka diminta untuk menandatanganinya. Hal ini salah satu metode untuk membuat akta otentik. Jika kemudian ternyata terbukti bahwa nasabah atau klien bukanlah orang yang sebenarnya atau orang yang mengaku asli, melainkan orang yang tidak pernah menghadap Notaris sehingga orang yang sebenarnya mengalami kerugian. Notaris dan PPAT tidak dapat menerima tanggungjawab pidana atas perkara tersebut karena tidak ada kesalahan dan Notaris dan PPAT memenuhi tugasnya sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku sesuai dengan prinsip bahwa tidak ada undang-undang yang tanpa kesalahan dan tidak ada kesalahan dari Notaris-PPAT yang berkaitan, oleh karena itu Notaris tersebut harus dibebaskan dari tuntutan pidana. Hal ini berkaitan pada pasal 51 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Sepanjang Notaris-PPAT menjalankan berdasarkan perintah Undang-Undang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian studi kasus. Tahapan yang dilalui dalam penelitian ini adalah memahami masalah terlebih dahulu, setelah itu mulai mengumpulkan data, baik primer maupun sekunder serta dilaksanakannya pra-riset dan data-data tersebut kemudian dianalisis. Berikutnya adalah penentuan informan, penyusunan pertanyaan untuk wawancara, pelaksanaan wawancara, observasi, mengumpulkan dokumentasi. Terakhir yang dilakukan adalah menyusun hasil penelitian.
Faktor Hubungan Kesiapsiagaan Keluarga dalam Menghadapi Dampak Bencana
Authors: Sasmito Nanang Bagus , Ns Prawito
Published: March 2023

Bencana dapat terjadi setiap saat di bagian manapun di dunia dengan dampak yang dramatik pada individu, keluarga dan masyarakat sehingga terjadi ancaman pada kualitas kehidupan. Bencana memberikan pengaruh yang sangat besar pada manusia dan lingkungan sekitarnya seperti kematian masal, kecacatan, kelaparan, kemiskinan dan kehancuran infrastruktur. Kesiapsiagaan dapat mengurangi kerugian dan penderitaan akibat bencana. Penguatan kesiapsiagaan bencana merupakan prioritas utama dari program manajemen bencana pemerintah di tingkat Nasional maupun daerah. Indonesia menunjukan masih lemahnya upaya kesiapsiagaan dan penanganan darurat untuk menghadapi bencana secara mandiri dan proaktif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang yang berhubungan dengan kesiapsiagaan keluarga dalam menghadapi dampak bencana di Kecamatan Bareng Kabupaten Jombang. Desain penelitian yang digunalan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh keluarga di empat kelurahan pada Kecamatan Bareng yaitu Kelurahan Banjaragung, Kelurahan Bareng, Kelurahan Jenisgelaran dan Kelurahan Karangan. Teknik sampling yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah systematik random sampling dengan perkiraan jumlah besar sampel adal 113 Kepala Keluarga. Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan dengan kesiapsiagaan dengan nilai p = 0,005 dan ada hubungan antara sikap dengan dengan kesiapsiagaan bencana dengan nilai p = 0,000 dan ada hubungan antara modal sosial dengan dengan kesiapsiagaan bencana nilai p = 0,000 serta modal sosial mempunyai kekuatan hubungan yang paling kuat di bandingkan dengan variabel pengetahuan dan sikap dengan nilai OR pengetahuan sebesar 2.520. Dalam bencana, ikatan keluarga sangat penting bagi kesiapsiagaan karena kerabat umumnya sebagai penyedia bantuan pertama. Modal sosial dapat mengurangi kemungkinan individu untuk mencari bantuan formal dari organisasi selama bencana dan meningkatkan kemungkinan tindakan sosial yang muncul untuk menanggapi kebutuhan korban bencana menemukan bahwa keluarga dengan jejaring yang baik meningkatkan kemungkinan bahwa keluarga tersebut akan membangun kembali rumah mereka setelah bencana. Tingkat ikatan modal sosial yang lebih tinggi dapat diterjemahkan ke dalam tingkat kepercayaan yang lebih besar dan norma-norma bersama yang lebih luas di antara penduduk.
Pengetahuan Bantuan Hidup Dasar dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Keluarga pada Pasien Henti Jantung
Authors: Ana Karisma Dwi , Kusyani Asri
Published: March 2023

Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) merupakan Tindakan pertolongan pertama yang dilakukan pada korban dengan henti jantung dan henti nafas (American Heart Association (AHA), 2020). Penanganan secara cepat dan tepat perlu segera dilakukan pada pasien dengan kondisi kegawatdaruratan  di rumah sakit maupun diluar rumah sakit (Darwati & Setianingsih, 2020). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah keluarga pasien yang anggota keluarganya mengalami henti jantung sebelum masuk ke RS Husada Utama. Tehnik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan  Simple Random Sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar keluarga pasien henti jantung di Rumah Sakit Husada Utama Surabaya memiliki pengetahuan cukup baik sebanyak 15 responden (41.7%) dan sebagian besar responden mengalami kecemasan sedang sebanyak 23 responden (63,9%). Hasil Uji Chi Square menunjukkan bahwa  nilai p value 0.004 (p < 0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan pengetahuan bantuan hidup dasar dengan tingkat kecemasan keluarga pada pasien henti jantung di RS Husada Utama Surabaya. Hubungan statistik tersebut dapat dikatakan semakin baik pengetahuan keluarga tentang bantuan hidup dasar dan tingkat kecemasan keluarga ringan, maka keluarga dapat mengurangi tingkat kecemasan pada pasien henti jantung.
Eksplorasi Etnomatematika Busana Ninik Mamak di Kabupaten Kampar
Authors: Zulfah Zulfah , Astuti Astuti , Hermira Erisya , Elviana Mira , Ernalira Putri , Malinda Yola
Published: March 2023

Etnomatematika adalah penghubung dunia matematika dan budaya lokal. Pembelajaran berbasis etnomatematika ini sangat  penting  untuk  menanamkan  nilai-nilai karakter  sekaligus  memupuk  rasa  cinta  anak  terhadap  budaya  lokal  yang  selama  ini  sudah  mulai ditinggalkan  karena  kemajuan  teknologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan unsur-unsur matematika yang terkandung di dalam motif busana ninik mamak. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.  Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data triangulasi yang  terdiri  dari  reduksi  data,  penyajian  dan  penarikan  kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapatnya unsur-unsur matematika pada busana ninik mamak berupa konsep geometri dan transformasi geometri.
Cartilla de liberación proletaria. Un desconocido texto alfabetizador del Cardenismo
Authors: Escalante Fernández Carlos
Published: March 2023

El artículo analiza, en el contexto de la educación socialista del gobierno de Lázaro Cárdenas (1934-1960), un instrumento pedagógico publicado en 1939 utilizado en la Campaña Alfabetizante destinada a enseñar a leer y escribir a la población adulta. Muestra los contenidos enfatizando en los métodos e ideas pedagógicas y en la propuesta de imágenes y encuentra similitudes con la Cartilla Escolar Antifascista publicada en España en 1937 por el ejército republicano en plena guerra civil con la intención de alfabetizar a los soldados analfabetos.
The Radio to GeV Afterglow of GRB 221009A
Authors: Laskar Tanmoy , Alexander Kate D. , Margutti Raffaella , Eftekhari Tarraneh , Chornock Ryan , Berger Edo , Cendes Yvette , Duerr Anne , Perley Daniel A. , Ravasio Maria Edvige , Yamazaki Ryo , Ayache Eliot H. , Barclay Thomas , Duran Rodolfo Barniol , Bhandari Shivani , Brethauer Daniel , Christy Collin T. , Coppejans Deanne L. , Duffell Paul , Fong Wen-fai , Gomboc Andreja , Guidorzi Cristiano , Kennea Jamie A. , Kobayashi Shiho , Levan Andrew , Lobanov Andrei P. , Metzger Brian D. , Ros Eduardo , Schroeder Genevieve , Williams P. K. G.
Published: March 2023

GRB 221009A (z = 0.151) is one of the closest known long γ-ray bursts (GRBs). Its extreme brightness across all electromagnetic wavelengths provides an unprecedented opportunity to study a member of this still-mysterious class of transients in exquisite detail. We present multiwavelength observations of this extraordinary event, spanning 15 orders of magnitude in photon energy from radio to γ-rays. We find that the data can be partially explained by a forward shock (FS) from a highly collimated relativistic jet interacting with a low-density, wind-like medium. Under this model, the jet’s beaming-corrected kinetic energy (E

K
∼ 4 × 1050 erg) is typical for the GRB population. The radio and millimeter data provide strong limiting constraints on the FS model, but require the presence of an additional emission component. From equipartition arguments, we find that the radio emission is likely produced by a small amount of mass (≲6 × 10−7
M
⊙) moving relativistically (Γ ≳ 9) with a large kinetic energy (≳1049 erg). However, the temporal evolution of this component does not follow prescriptions for synchrotron radiation from a single power-law distribution of electrons (e.g., in a reverse shock or two-component jet), or a thermal-electron population, perhaps suggesting that one of the standard assumptions of afterglow theory is violated. GRB 221009A will likely remain detectable with radio telescopes for years to come, providing a valuable opportunity to track the full lifecycle of a powerful relativistic jet.
The Optical Light Curve of GRB 221009A: The Afterglow and the Emerging Supernova
Authors: Fulton M. D. , Smartt S. J. , Rhodes L. , Huber M. E. , Villar V. A. , Moore T. , Srivastav S. , Schultz A. S. B. , Chambers K. C. , Izzo L. , Hjorth J. , Chen T.-W. , Nicholl M. , Foley R. J. , Rest A. , Smith K. W. , Young D. R. , Sim S. A. , Bright J. , Zenati Y. , de Boer T. , Bulger J. , Fairlamb J. , Gao H. , Lin C.-C. , Lowe T. , Magnier E. A. , Smith I. A. , Wainscoat R. , Coulter D. A. , Jones D. O. , Kilpatrick C. D. , McGill P. , Ramirez-Ruiz E. , Lee K.-S. , Narayan G. , Ramakrishnan V. , Ridden-Harper R. , Singh A. , Wang Q. , Kong A. K. H. , Ngeow C.-C. , Pan Y.-C. , Yang S. , Davis K. W. , Piro A. L. , Rojas-Bravo C. , Sommer J. , Yadavalli S. K.
Published: March 2023

We present extensive optical photometry of the afterglow of GRB 221009A. Our data cover 0.9–59.9 days from the time of Swift and Fermi gamma-ray burst (GRB) detections. Photometry in rizy-band filters was collected primarily with Pan-STARRS and supplemented by multiple 1–4 m imaging facilities. We analyzed the Swift X-ray data of the afterglow and found a single decline rate power law f(t) ∝ t
−1.556±0.002 best describes the light curve. In addition to the high foreground Milky Way dust extinction along this line of sight, the data favor additional extinction to consistently model the optical to X-ray flux with optically thin synchrotron emission. We fit the X-ray-derived power law to the optical light curve and find good agreement with the measured data up to 5−6 days. Thereafter we find a flux excess in the riy bands that peaks in the observer frame at ∼20 days. This excess shares similar light-curve profiles to the Type Ic broad-lined supernovae SN 2016jca and SN 2017iuk once corrected for the GRB redshift of z = 0.151 and arbitrarily scaled. This may be representative of an SN emerging from the declining afterglow. We measure rest-frame absolute peak AB magnitudes of M

g
= −19.8 ± 0.6 and M

r
= − 19.4 ± 0.3 and M

z
= −20.1 ± 0.3. If this is an SN component, then Bayesian modeling of the excess flux would imply explosion parameters of

M

ej

=

7.1

−
1.7

+
2.4

M
⊙,

M

Ni

=

1.0

−
0.4

+
0.6

M
⊙, and

v

ej

=

33,900

−
5700

+
5900

km s−1, for the ejecta mass, nickel mass, and ejecta velocity respectively, inferring an explosion energy of E
kin ≃ 2.6–9.0 × 1052 erg.
Probing the Nature of the First Galaxies with JWST and ALMA
Authors: De Rossi María Emilia , Bromm Volker
Published: March 2023

By implementing a model of primordial dust emission, we predict dust-continuum fluxes for massive galaxy sources similar to those recently detected by James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) at z ≳ 7. Current upper flux limits, obtained with Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) for some of these sources, can constrain the gas metallicity and dust fraction of the first galaxies. Encouragingly, if assuming expected properties for typical first galaxies (i.e., dust-to-metal mass ratio: D/M = 5 × 10−3, gas metallicity: Z
g = 5 × 10−3
Z
☉, star formation efficiency: η = 0.01), model far-infrared (FIR) fluxes are consistent with current upper flux limits inferred from ALMA bands 6 and 7 (≲104 nJy). Such low D/M values and metallicities are in agreement with some scenarios proposed in the literature to explain the nondetection of the FIR dust continuum for high-z JWST galaxy candidates. On the other hand, higher values of model parameters D/M (≳0.06) and Z
g (≳5 × 10−2
Z
☉) are ruled out by observational data, unless a higher η is assumed. According to our findings, ALMA multiband observations could constrain the dust chemistry and dust grain size distribution in the early universe. In this context, future observational challenges would involve not only reaching higher FIR sensitivities, but also increasing the wavelength coverage by exploring distinct ALMA bands.
Species richness, extent and potential threats to mangroves of Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape, Philippines
Authors: Agduma Angelo , Cao Kun-Fang
Published: March 2023

Mangroves form one of the most vital tropical ecosystems that support many species and surrounding communities. The Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape (SBPS) in the south of Mindanao Islands in the Philippines is home to a large number of mangrove species, which have not been fully explored. We updated the list of true mangrove species for SBPS from 10 to 24 by integrating the results of our survey and other past mangrove assessments. A practical spatial analysis approach was used to estimate the current mangrove forest extent of SBPS at 514 ha, as compared to 479 ha and 332 ha in 1998 and 2016, respectively, from other independent reports. Mangrove cover was negatively related to built area, cropland, bare ground, rangeland and total human population, but positively related to the number of fishing boats and total tree cover. In addition, we identified other potential anthropogenic threats to mangroves and categorised them into forest clearing or deforestation, over-extraction and pollution. The benefits of mangrove cover expansion, adoption of mangrove-friendly aquaculture and revitalising degraded mangrove forests outweigh their constraints. Our work provided a locally relevant understanding of the potential causes of mangrove loss and the values of human actions in mangrove dynamics, which will contribute to reliable and informed decision-making for the conservation of mangrove species and restoration of mangrove forests in SBPS.
Factors affecting the decision-making process of using insect-based products in animal feed formulations
Authors: Gasco L. , Oddon S. Bellezza , Vandenberg G.W. , Veldkamp T. , Biasato I.
Published: March 2023

Insect meals are promising alternative feed ingredients although their application is still not commonplace. Their inclusion requires the consideration of various factors to optimise growth, animal welfare, and feed costs. The insect meal form (whole or defatted) impacts the level of inclusion, in particular in feeds where low amount of lipids is needed (e.g. poultry). From a nutritional point of view, the factors that influence the insect meal characteristics include insect species, rearing substrates and production processes. Processing (drying, defatting) can dramatically influence the nutrient digestibility and availability that requires assessment through in vivo or in vitro trials, with differences being observed in relation to the entity of the defatting process as well. The inclusion of full-fat or defatted meal may impact the final product quality (fatty acid profile). Low digestibility of chitin is also a limiting factor. Studies to increase the digestibility of insect meals using additives are ongoing. For these reasons, when different insect protein suppliers are used for feed production, chemical analyses need to be performed. In addition to the nutritional aspect, in some species (i.e. fish), a physical evaluation of the feed is necessary. In particular, the high fat content of whole larvae meal may increase the mixture viscosity and decrease the pellet stability, resulting in nutrient loss. Palatability affects feed ingestion; though insect meals seem well accepted, some palatability issues have been reported at high inclusion levels. It is however not clear if these issues are due to the level of inclusion or to some intrinsic characteristics of the meal used. Finally, the crucial factor for the future practical incorporation of insect meals in animal feeds is the availability and consistency of the supply. Without large and consistent quantities, it will be difficult for feed producers to incorporate these alternative ingredients within their production processes.
Exploring personality moderation effects on satisfaction and loyalty in the airline industry
Authors: Leon Steven , Leon Abigail
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The United States airline industry is a highly competitive industry. Airlines could benefit from satisfied and loyal customers. This study investigates the effect of personality traits of airline consumers on satisfaction and loyalty in the U.S. airline market.Design/methodology/approach: An online survey was constructed to measure the “big five” personality traits, service quality, satisfaction, and loyalty. Data were collected using Amazon Mechanical Turk, resulting in 624 respondents. Factor analysis was conducted using principal component extraction and varimax rotation.Findings: The results show that service quality, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness influence airline satisfaction, while satisfaction, neuroticism and openness influence behavioral intention loyalty. When moderation effects were examined, openness was the only moderating personality trait.Originality/value: This research examined the big-five personality traits, often not investigated in airline satisfaction and loyalty studies. This study offers several managerial insights and theoretical implications that practitioners and researchers who are interested in airline satisfaction and loyalty might use. Further, this study may provide a foundation for future research in airline and airport satisfaction, loyalty and service quality.
Numerical investigations of nonlinear Maxwell fluid flow in the presence of non-Fourier heat flux theory: Keller box-based simulations
Authors: Majeed Afraz Hussain , Irshad Sadia , Ali Bagh , Hussein Ahmed Kadhim , Shah Nehad Ali , Botmart Thongchai
Published: March 2023

We investigate the thermal flow of Maxwell fluid in a rotating frame using a numerical approach. The fluid has been considered a temperature-dependent thermal conductivity. A non-Fourier heat flux term that accurately reflects the effects of thermal relaxation is incorporated into the model that is used to simulate the heat transfer process. In order to simplify the governing system of partial differential equations, boundary layer approximations are used. These approximations are then transformed into forms that are self-similar with the help of similarity transformations. The mathematical model includes notable quantities such as the rotation parameter $ \lambda $, Deborah number $ \beta $, Prandtl number Pr, parameter $ ϵ $ and the dimensionless thermal relaxation times $ \gamma $. These are approximately uniformly convergent. The Keller box method is used to find approximate solutions to ODEs. We observed due to the addition of elastic factors, the hydrodynamic boundary layer gets thinner. The thickness of the boundary layer can be reduced with the use of the k rotation parameter as well. When Pr increases, the wall slope of the temperature increases as well and approaches zero, which is an indication that Pr is decreasing. In addition, a comparison of the Cattaneo-Christov (CC) and Fourier models are provided and discussed.
Expeditionary Light Infantry Battalions During the Philippine Insurgency (1896-1898)
Authors: López de la Asunción Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2023

During the second half of 1896, taking advantage of the cruelty of the insurrection of the Revolutionary forces in the district of Cuba, the Philippine Revolutionary society called Katipunan, which had been founded in July 1892 to promote the insurgency against Spanish sovereignty, took up arms in a truly disturbing way on the island of Luzon. After several violent incidents, the situation became extremely worrying and the Spanish government finally listened to the request made by the Governor General of the district to send troops from the Peninsula. Thus, in record time, fifteen expeditionary light infantry battalions were created by the Spanish Army in addition to other small artillery and cavalry expeditionary units for their military deployment in the Philippine archipelago to put down this new and violent insurrection up.
A case of retinal detachment resulting from air bag deployment
Authors: Yılmaz Fevzi , Baltacıoğlu Bora , Akça Erdi , Yavuz Yavuz Fatih
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

A motor vehicle accident (MVA) can result in death or serious injury to the driver and passengers in case the airbags are not deployed. There are, however, several reasons why an airbag can injure a passenger even when there is no accident involved. A 41-year-old female patient who suffered facial bone fractures and an retinal perforation after her air bag deflated during a minor car accident. The complaints of the patient on admission to the emergency department (ED) were facial pain, swelling and redness in the eye. Orbital CT imaging revealed fragmented fracture line displaced into the maxillary sinus at the floor of right orbit, posttraumatic changes in preorbital skin and In the right globe vitreous, an appearance thought to belong to hyperdense hemorrhage. The patient was taken to emergency operation due to corneal perforation in the right eye. All patients who present with air bag-related ocular trauma should undergo a complete ophthalmologic examination because ocular injuries that may be more serious than they initially appear.
Improvement in maternal knowledge, attitudes, and children’s weight with education on World Health Organization feeding recommendations
Authors: Nafista Ulfia Fitriani , Nurhaeni Nani , Waluyanti Fajar Tri
Published: March 2023

Malnutrition is among the most common nutritional problems in children worldwide. Specifically, stunting as a malnutrition problem is a global priority, including in Indonesia. This study analyses the effect of nutrition education interventions on maternal feeding knowledge, maternal feeding attitudes and children’s weight. A quasi-experimental design using a pre-and post-test was selected and with a total sample of 70 people were assigned to an experimental and control group. This study was conducted in Jember Regency on July 2022, and the instrument used in this research were knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaires from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). A Bivariate analysis showed that the nutritional education intervention had a significant relationship with increased maternal feeding knowledge and attitude and children’s weight in the control group and intervention group (p-value <0.05). However, a higher score was on the intervention group score compared to the control group. Meanwhile, the average weight of the children in the intervention group increased by about 331.42 grams, which higher compare to the control group’s average weight gain. This study concluded that health education about eating, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, through an action-oriented group approach can significantly increase maternal feeding knowledge, attitudes, and children’s weight.
Role of initial cardiac activity assessed by point-of-care ultrasonography in predicting cardiac arrest outcomes
Authors: Thandar Soumitra , Sahu Ankit Kumar , Sinha Tej Prakash , Bhoi Sanjeev
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES:

This study was conducted to investigate the association between visible cardiac activity in point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) and outcomes of cardiac arrest such as the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival to inpatient admission (SIA), and survival to hospital discharge (STHD).

METHODS:

This was a single-center, prospective cohort study conducted in the emergency department (ED). Adult (age >18 years) patients in cardiac arrest were included in the study. Exclusion criteria of the study were – traumatic arrest, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest resuscitated before ED admission, and patients presenting with initial shockable rhythm. Patients whose ultrasound images could not be obtained and whose resuscitation stopped following POCUS were also excluded from the study. POCUS examination was done after 2 min of initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and visible cardiac activity was defined as any visible movement of the myocardium, excluding movement of blood within cardiac chambers, or isolated valve movement. The duration of POCUS examinations was limited to 10 s. The association of initial cardiac activity in POCUS with the outcomes of cardiac arrest was investigated.

RESULTS:

Out of 140 patients screened, 84 patients were included in the study. Rates of ROSC, SIA, and STHD were found in 23 (27.4%), 9 (10.7%), and 2 (2.4%) patients, respectively. Only 15 out of 84 (17.9%) patients had cardiac activity on the initial POCUS examination. Cardiac activity was seen in 52.2% of patients with ROSC, which was significantly higher (P < 0.001) as compared with the no-ROSC group (4.9%). Unlike the above association, there was no difference in the incidence of initial cardiac activity in patient groups who got admitted (SIA) and discharged (STHD) versus those who died. In the multivariate regression analysis, the duration of CPR and initial cardiac activity significantly predicted the rate of ROSC, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86–0.99, P = 0.04) and 24.8 (95% CI: 3.17–89.41, P = 0.002), respectively. None of the variables predicted SIA and STHD. The positive likelihood ratio of cardiac activity for predicting ROSC, SIA, and STHD were 10.6, 2.1, and 2.9, respectively.

CONCLUSION:

Integration of POCUS in cardiac arrest resuscitation was shown to be helpful in terms of prognostic significance of the presence of initial cardiac activity in terms of ROSC.
Pharmacodynamic appraisal of wound-healing herbs of Sushruta Samhita
Authors: Kumar Vishal , Nesari Tanuja Manoj , Ghildiyal Shivani , Sherkhane Rahul
Published: March 2023

Background:

In Sushruta Samhita, various medicinal plants as single and compound formulations having Vrana-Shodhana (wound cleansing) and Vrana-Ropana (wound healing) potential are enumerated. There are no published data available on these wound-healing medicinal plants of Sushruta Samhita. The effectivee management of wound is necessary in the immunocompromised and chronic wounds patients as they take more time to heal.

Aim:

To review and systematically analyze wound-healing medicinal plants and their modus-operandi on the basis of pharmacodynamics attributes, i.e., Rasa (taste), Veerya (potency), and Vipaka (biotransformation) in the various stages of healing.

Materials and methods:

Review of Sushruta Samhita was done to gather wound-healing medicinal plants; pharmacodynamics attributes were gatherd from various Nighantus to understand their role in wound healing. The contemporary information about wound-healing mechanism was gathered from PubMed to interpitate the rational use of plants in the various stages of wound healing.

Results:

The study suggests that 43 medicinal plants have Vrana-Shodhana activity, 48 have Vrana-Ropana and 62 have both Vrana-Shodhana and Vrana-Ropana potential. Medicinal plants with Vrana-Shodhana category are having predominance of Katu (pungent), Tikta (bitter) and Kashaya (astriengent) Rasa. Plants under Vrana-Ropana are having Madhura, Kashaya Rasa (sweet taste), Madhura Vipaka (sweet biotransform) and Sheeta Veerya (cold potency).

Conclusion:

Plants having Tikta, Kashaya Rasa, Katu Vipaka, and Sheeta Veerya may be useful in the inflammatory stage, plants having Madhura, Kashaya Rasa and Sheeta Veerya may be useful in the prolifiratory stage and plants having Madhura Rasa, Sheeta Veerya, and Madhura Vipaka may be useful in the remodeling stage. The present review will help to give the directions to the researchers for the development of effective wound-healing medicines for wounds.
Surgical and Functional Outcomes of Infective Non Union of Femur and Tibia using Ilizarov Ring Fixator
Authors: Agrawal Aditya K. , Puram Chetan P , Mutha Yash M , Mehta Vatsal J , Arora Shubham , Golwala Paresh
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Nonunion of long bone fractures is a common condition encountered by an orthopedic surgeon in daily practice. For effective treatment of nonunion, internal fixation with or without bone grafting can be done but, an infected non union can prove to be a tough challenge. The aim of our study is to assess the surgical and functional outcomes of infected nonunion of femur and tibia treated with debridement, corticotomy and Ilizarov ring fixator.

Materials and Method:

This was a multi-centric prospective study of twenty patients in a time span of three years from May 2017 till April 2020. Observations and

Results:

Patients were assessed using clinical and functional results as per Association for the Study and Application of Methods of Ilizarov (ASAMI) Scoring System.

Conclusion:

The Ilizarov method remains one of the most successful and versatile means of achieving bone-healing in infected nonunion of long bones of lower limbs with benefits of correcting deformities, bone defects and limb length discrepancy.
Binary Logistic Regression Modeling of Voice Impairment and Voice Assessment in Iranian Patients with Nonlaryngeal Head-and-Neck Cancers after Chemoradiation Therapy
Authors: Bagherzadeh Sakineh , Shahbazi-Gahrouei Daryoush , Torabinezhad Farhad , Mahdavi Seied Rabi Mehdi , Fadavi Pedram , Salmanian Soraya
Published: March 2023

Background:

Laryngeal damages after chemoradiation therapy (RT) in nonlaryngeal head-and-neck cancers (HNCs) can cause voice disorders and finally reduce the patient's quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study was to evaluate voice and predict laryngeal damages using statistical binary logistic regression (BLR) models in patients with nonlaryngeal HNCs.

Methods:

This cross-section experimental study was performed on seventy patients (46 males, 24 females) with an average age of 50.43 ± 16.54 years, with nonlaryngeal HNCs and eighty individuals with assumed normal voices. Subjective and objective voice assessment was carried out in three stages including before, at the end, and 6 months after treatment. Eventually, the Enter method of the BLR was used to measure the odds ratio of independent variables.

Results:

In objective evaluation, the acoustic parameters except for F0 increased significantly (P < 0.001) at the end treatment stage and decreased 6 months after treatment. The same trend can be seen in the subjective evaluations, whereas none of the values returned to pretreatment levels. Statistical models of BLR showed that chemotherapy (P < 0.05), mean laryngeal dose (P < 0.05), V50 Gy (P = 0.002), and gender (P = 0.008) had the greatest effect on incidence laryngeal damages. The model based on acoustic analysis had the highest percentage accuracy of 84.3%, sensitivity of 87.2%, and the area under the curve of 0.927.

Conclusions:

Voice evaluation and the use of BLR models to determine important factors were the optimum methods to reduce laryngeal damages and maintain the patient's QOL.
Design of Wearable Electrolarynx with Automatic Control
Authors: Madhushankara M. , Bhat Somashekara , Prasad Keerthana
Published: March 2023

Objective:

The current work aims to design and develop an automatically controlled wearable electrolarynx, a voice substitution device for laryngeal carcinoma survivals.

Methods:

The physical activity of mouth opening is sensed, amplified, and made to act as an enable signal to trigger the wearable electrolarynx. The resulting speech is recorded and compared for its voice reaction durations with that of manual electrolarynx and normal speaking methods. Perception evaluations of 5 subjects from 10 speech-language therapists are obtained.

Results:

The wearable electrolarynx turn-on in 13 μs once the mouth movement for speech is sensed. The voice initiation time and termination durations are 215.68 m and 231.41 ms, respectively. Results indicate that there is no significant difference (P< 0.05) between the voice reaction durations of wearable electrolarynx and normal speaking methods. The subjective evaluation results show that there is a significant improvement (P< 0.05) in intelligibility and noise reduction when compared to a commercially available electrolarynx with an average intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.68 from analysis of variance two factors without replication.

Conclusions:

The assessment of the wearable and automatically controlled electrolarynx provides hands-free speech and easy control over the device.
Neural Network Performance Evaluation of Simulated and Genuine Head-and-Neck Computed Tomography Images to Reduce Metal Artifacts
Authors: Khaleghi Goli , Hosntalab Mohammad , Sadeghi Mahdi , Reiazi Reza , Mahdavi Seied Rabi
Published: March 2023

Background:

This study evaluated the performances of neural networks in terms of denoizing metal artifacts in computed tomography (CT) images to improve diagnosis based on the CT images of patients.

Methods:

First, head-and-neck phantoms were simulated (with and without dental implants), and CT images of the phantoms were captured. Six types of neural networks were evaluated for their abilities to reduce the number of metal artifacts. In addition, 40 CT patients' images with head-and-neck cancer (with and without teeth artifacts) were captured, and mouth slides were segmented. Finally, simulated noisy and noise-free patient images were generated to provide more input numbers (for training and validating the generative adversarial neural network [GAN]).

Results:

Results showed that the proposed GAN network was successful in denoizing artifacts caused by dental implants, whereas more than 84% improvement was achieved for images with two dental implants after metal artifact reduction (MAR) in patient images.

Conclusion:

The quality of images was affected by the positions and numbers of dental implants. The image quality metrics of all GANs were improved following MAR comparison with other networks.
An Efficient Method for Classification of Alcoholic and Normal Electroencephalogram Signals Based on Selection of an Appropriate Feature
Authors: Dorvashi Maryam , Behzadfar Neda , Shahgholian Ghazanfar
Published: March 2023

Background:

Alcohol addiction contributes to disorders in brain's normal patterns. Analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) signal helps to diagnose and classify alcoholic and normal EEG signal.

Methods:

One-second EEG signal was applied to classify alcoholic and normal EEG signal. To determine discriminative feature and EEG channel between the alcoholic and normal EEG signal, different frequency and non-frequency features of EEG signal, including power of EEG signal, permutation entropy (PE), approximate entropy (ApEn), katz fractal dimension (katz FD) and Petrosion fractal dimension (Petrosion FD) were extracted from alcoholic and normal EEG signal. Statistical analysis and Davis-Bouldin criterion (DB) were utilized to specify and select most discriminative feature and EEG channel between the alcoholic and normal EEG signal.

Results:

Results of statistical analysis and DB criterion showed that the Katz FD in FP2 channel showed the best discrimination between the alcoholic and normal EEG signal. The Katz FD in FP2 channel showed the accuracies of 98.77% and 98.5% by two classifiers with 10-fold cross validation.

Conclusion:

This method helps to diagnose alcoholic and normal EEG signal with the minimum number of feature and channel, which provides low computational complexity. This is helpful to faster and more accurate classification of normal and alcoholic subjects.
Drug Repurposing Against Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-Related Carboxypeptidase (ACE2) Through Computational Approach
Authors: Vaseghi Golnaz , Golestaneh Ali , Jafari Leila , Ghasemi Fahimeh
Published: March 2023

Ongoing novel coronavirus (COVID-19) with high mortality is an infectious disease in the world which epidemic in 2019 with human-human transmission. According to the literature, S-protein is one of the main proteins of COVID-19 that bind to the human cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). In this study, it was attempted to identify the main effective drugs approved that may be repurposed to the binding site of ACE2. High throughput virtual screening based on the docking study was performed to know which one of the small-molecules had a potential interaction with ACE2 structure. Forasmuch as investigating and identifying the best ACE2 inhibitors among more than 3,500 small-molecules is time-consuming, supercomputer was utilized to apply docking-based virtual screening. Outputs of the proposed computational model revealed that vincristine, vinbelastin and bisoctrizole can significantly bind to ACE2 and may interface with its normal activity.
Awareness of Personal Protective Equipment Among Frontline Postgraduate Medical Residents who Provide Care to Patients with Coronavirus Disease-2019
Authors: Kuttarmare Shital Mahendra , Kshirsagar Sujit Jagannath , Bhalerao Pradnya Milind
Published: March 2023

Background:

To combat the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which affected the entire world, health-care workers (HCWs) were required to wear personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE offers protection by preventing microorganisms from contaminating hands, eyes, clothing, hair, and shoes. It is mandatory to know about the proper usage of PPE.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the awareness of PPE and its effects on frontline health-care professionals who provide care to patients with COVID-19.

Subjects and Methods:

This noninterventional cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in 108 postgraduate (PG) medical residents who have been treated and provided care for COVID-19 in a tertiary care hospital. The Google questionnaire consisted of 25 questions prevalidated through the literature, senior faculty in the department, and ethics.

Results:

About 87.03% of the 108 PGs were trained in the donning and doffing protocols, whereas 92.59% were aware of the steps. About 62.96% did not follow the two-person protocol for doffing. About 83.33% were aware of the decontamination protocol of PPE. About 64.81% had difficulty intubating and 62.96% had headaches after using PPE.

Conclusions:

HCWs in a tertiary care center are aware of PPE use and protocols therein. Even though they were adequately trained about protocols, reluctance, and technical difficulties in following them still exist, which can be solved by adequate and repeated training. The problems faced with the use of PPE have appropriate solutions.
Prognostic Value of Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Recovery in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Malik Mohammad Azharuddin , Bansal Raghav , Seth Sandeep , Parakh Neeraj , Roy Ambuj , Bahl Vinay Kumar
Published: March 2023

Background:

Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) remains a problem of public health concern. Better prognostication is needed to predict outcomes in these patients. Resting heart rate (HR) and HR recovery (HRR) have been proposed as prognostic markers for future events.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-five patients admitted for ADHF were enrolled. Baseline demographic data and routine investigations were noted for all. After medical stabilization, before discharge, a 6-min walk test (6-MWT) was performed for all patients. Resting HR at the start, maximum HR achieved, chronotropic reserve, and hearing rate recovery was observed 1 min after completing the exercise. All patients were followed for the appearance of a primary composite outcome consisting of death, heart transplant, or hospitalization for HF.

Results:

Primary composite outcome occurred in 6 (24%) patients, including 3 (12%) deaths and 3 (12%) HF hospitalizations. The patients who had the primary outcome had a trend toward a shorter distance of walking of 6 min (154.33 ± 51.84 vs. 210.53 ± 78.62, P = 0.16). Resting HR was significantly higher among patients with primary outcome (113.00 ± 17.74 vs. 89.58 ± 16.25, P ≤ 0.01). HRR and chronotropic reserve were significantly lower in patients with primary outcome (7.33 ± 1.75 vs. 17.42 ± 9.47, P < 0.01 and 15.00 ± 11.93 vs. 34.94 ± 19.81, P = 0.02; respectively). A resting HR of 109/min, HRR of 9/min, and chronotropic reserve of 20/min had sensitivity/specificity for predicting the primary outcome of 83.33%/89.47%, 84.21%/83.33%, and 84.21% a/as 83.33%, respectively.

Conclusions:

Elevated resting HR, decreased HR reserve, and decreased chronotropic reserve are associated with hospital readmissions and decreased event-free survival in patients with ADHF. Resting HR is especially helpful in this regard given the simplicity and ease of its assessment.
Prognostic significance of poison-related factors and consumption patterns in acute aluminum phosphide poisoning
Authors: Anbalagan Lokhesh Chockalingam , Pannu Ashok Kumar , Bhalla Ashish , Dhibar Deba Prasad , Sharma Navneet
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES:

The prognosis of acute aluminum phosphide poisoning is usually based on toxidrome features, with little focus on poison-related factors. We aimed to study the prognostic significance of poison-related factors, consumption patterns, and time delays to treatment.

METHODS:

We performed a prospective cohort study in an academic hospital in North India in patients aged ≥ 13 with aluminum phosphide poisoning from July 2019 to December 2020. During data collection, a particular emphasis was made on the poison formulation, the ingested dose, the reconstitution of poison, vomiting, and time intervals to initiate various treatments. The primary outcome was inhospital mortality.

RESULTS:

Fifty-eight patients were enrolled (median age, 32 years; 37 males). The mean dose of the ingested poison was 6.56 (±5.42) g. The predominant formulation of poison was pellet (n = 41), followed by powder (n = 16). Twenty patients performed reconstitution of poison before consumption, and 13 stirred the poison while reconstituting. All patients but three developed vomiting after consumption. Inhospital mortality (n = 23, 39%) was significantly high with a higher ingested dose (P < 0.001), nonstirred reconstitution before consumption (P = 0.042), fewer vomiting episodes (P = 0.010), a delay in detection of the victim by someone (P = 0.001), and delayed initiation of intravenous fluids (P = 0.043). The secondary outcomes (shock and requirement of vasopressor or ventilation) remained unaffected by the stirring in the reconstitution group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Poison-related factors and time intervals determine early risk stratification at admission in aluminum phosphide poisoning.
Evaluation of endotracheal intubations in the emergency department of a tertiary care facility
Authors: Yildirim Mustafa Koray , Göksu Erkan , El Warea Mohamad
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE:

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of emergency department intubations for 1 year.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. The collected variables were patient demographics, indication for intubation, preintubation hemodynamics, preoxygenation methods, medications used for premedication, induction and paralysis, type of laryngoscope used, Cormack-Lehane (C-L) grades, number of intubation attempts, and peri-intubation adverse events.

RESULTS:

A total of 194 patients were included. The median age of the population was 66.5 years (53.75–79); 61.9% of the patients were male. The majority of the patients were intubated due to medical conditions. The main indication for endotracheal intubation was respiratory failure in 38.6% of the patients. Preoxygenation before intubation was performed in 87.2% of the patients. Fifty-eight percent of the population were hemodynamically stable before the intubation. Fentanyl was the agent used for premedication, induction agents of choice were ketamine and midazolam, and rocuronium was the neuromuscular blocking agent. The C-L grades 1 and 2 were detected in 87.6% of the patients. The first-pass success rate was 72.8%. The peri-intubation adverse events were mainly hypotension and desaturation observed in 82 (42%) patients. The patients with higher C-L grades needed more intubation attempts (P < 0.001). Peri-intubation adverse events were associated with the increased number of intubation attempts (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

This and similar studies or an airway registry on a national level may help improve the quality of service given and delineate the deficiencies of the airway-related procedures in the emergency department.
Pułapki i meandry. Trudności poznawcze i interpretacyjne towarzyszące badaniom przyczyn i przebiegu chorób w przeszłości
Authors: Raj Danuta , Węglorz Jakub
Published: March 2023

Already in the 19th century, researchers of the history of medicine tried to reinterpret the old pathogenesis and diagnostics by framing the descriptions of past epidemics within the framework of their own scientific discourse. However, this practice has sometimes led astray both then and now due to the incompatibility of modern medical language with historical sources, often of a narrative character. In addition, researchers in the field of historical science are often not qualified enough to correctly interpret the descriptions of the symptoms and course of the epidemic. On the other hand, representatives of medical sciences dealing with the past often misinterpret sources, cutting single pieces of information out of context and building a picture that is consistent with the current state of knowledge but inconsistent with the past. Given the persistence of this problem, which has been observable in the historiography of epidemics for many decades, it is worth investigating such cases in order to identify points that are particularly vulnerable to the risk of error.