bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Women's experiences of informal street trading and well-being in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Sassen Sharyn , Galvaan Roshan , Duncan Madeleine
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND: Street trading is one of the largest sub-categories in South Africa's booming informal economy. RESEARCH PROBLEM: The scarcity of occupational science/therapy literature around informal economy occupations limits the profession from understanding their implications for well-being and development. RESEARCH PURPOSE: Contextually relevant conceptions of survivalist occupations such as street trade will inform occupational therapy practice for social change and development. RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to describe women street traders' experiences of street trading and well-being. The objectives were to identify the positive and negative well-being outcomes of engagement in street trading and to identify the social, economic and political factors that influence the well-being of women street traders. RESEARCH DESIGN: An ethnographic inquiry was carried out with four women survivalist street traders identified through purposive sampling. RESEARCH METHODS: Participant observation and in-depth one-on-one ethnographic and photo elicitation interviews were carried out with each participant. DATA ANALYSIS: Audio recordings were transcribed for inductive and thematic cross case analysis. FINDINGS: The qualitative essence of street traders' experiences of navigating a livelihood in the fluid and unstable context of the informal economy was captured in one theme, 'Togetherness: steering against the current towards a better life'. The theme comprised three categories: 'Taking the helm', 'Facing tough conditions' and 'We're in the same boat'. DISCUSSION: Street trading is a valued means for taking action towards economic survival and well-being. The contextually situated nature of this occupation translated to both adverse and advantageous experiences, resulting in a nuanced sense of well-being as thriving while surviving. CONCLUSION: Women's well-being as street traders is primarily determined by the quality of their collective camaraderie, social connectedness and personal drive. Key words: Street trading, informal economy occupations, well-being, occupational injustice, social connectedness
Considerations when assessing urban South African children with the Developmental Test of Visual Perception 2nd edition (DTVP-2)
Authors: Smith Mariska , Visser Marieta M , van Heerden Rita , Raubenheimer Jacques
Published: July 2018

INTRODUCTION: The Developmental Test of Visual Perception second Edition (DTVP-2) is frequently used by South African (SA) occupational therapists, despite the suitability of its US-based norms for SA children being questioned, and the 2014 release of the updated DTVP-3. This study investigated the suitability of the DTVP-2 norms for SA English-speaking children aged 5y 6mo-5y 11mo. SA sample scores were compared to American norms. Motor-reduced subtest scores were compared with and without the stop rule. Gender differences were tested. METHODS: A quantitative, descriptive study used 134 English speaking children. Motor-enhanced subtests were administered as prescribed, but motor-reduced subtests were administered without the prescribed stop rule, allowing prescribed and adapted scores to be computed. RESULTS: Scores of SA children varied from American norms, especially in visual closure, visual-motor speed and form constancy. Better visual closure scores were obtained when the stop rule was excluded. Boys and girls differed only on figure-ground, where girls scored higher. CONCLUSION: The DTVP-2 is valuable, but caution is recommended when measuring visual perceptual skills for this age band. Alternative instruments should be used, or local norms, or even more contextually relevant instruments, must be developed locally. At least, occupational therapists should apply US norms with care. Key words: Developmental Test of Visual Perception 2nd edition (DTVP-2); visual perceptual skills; 5-year-old children; urban South Africa; suitability
Making AA+ medium for Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 v1
Authors: Vogel Anne , Hohmann-Marriott Martin , RL Lale Rahmi
Published: July 2018

This protocol discribes how to make growth medium for Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, including the stock solutions needed.
SOCIAL INFANTILITY OF RUSSIAN YOUTH: SPECIFICITY OF SCIENTIFIC DISCURSE
Authors: DEMIDENKO A. S.
Published: July 2018

Nowadays, the study of infantility is becoming more urgent, and the  phenomenon of social infantilism itself is a problem of our time,  since more and more representatives of the younger generation do  not aspire to take responsibility for solving questions concerning their life path. As a result, the level of social immaturity  is growing. The aim of the article is to cover interdisciplinary studies  of social infantility and social maturity. The urgency of the work is  determined by the insufficient knowledge of infantility in sociological  knowledge, as well as the lack of clear methods of preventing the  infantilism of Russian youth. This article examines different  approaches to the definition of social infantility in Russia and abroad. The signs of this phenomenon are described. The meaning of the  concept of social maturity is revealed, its criteria are given, which  are necessary for revealing the signs of social infantility. The paper  describes a number of directions in the study of the social infantility  of the youth of Russia at the present stage. Thus, on the basis of a  brief analysis of articles touching on the issues of social infantility  and social maturity, it can be concluded that there is no single definition of these concepts. It can also be said that in the  world practice the study of infantility and maturity receives not only  a theoretical foundation, but also a broad orientation to practice.
Propuesta de unidad didáctica de lucha olímpica: Luchas del Mundo
Authors: Martínez-Abellán Alberto
Published: July 2018

La lucha es una actividad natural del ser humano y está representada en una gran cantidad de países y culturas. En la educación secundaria los deportes de lucha pueden ayudar a los estudiantes a desarrollar destrezas y actitudes importantes. Con los ejercicios de lucha se desarrollan capacidades motrices, perceptivas y afectivas, ya que se trata de un deporte de contacto. El objetivo de este trabajo fue diseñar una unidad didáctica bilingüe dirigida a la etapa de secundaria, donde a través de ejercicios de lucha se puedan alcanzar objetivos didácticos relacionados con la lucha olímpica y fomentar situaciones de comunicación en inglés. La unidad didáctica, llamada Luchas del Mundo / World Wrestling, tendrá un carácter lúdico e integrador, permitiendo relaciones y comunicaciones entre los compañeros/as en las clases prácticas con un leguaje en inglés. Esta propuesta consta de seis sesiones, realizando un recorrido por diferentes continentes y llevando a cabo ejercicios específicos de lucha, para finalizar con las modalidades olímpicas de lucha. Se llevará a cabo un diseño similar a lo largo de todas las prácticas, realizando un calentamiento general y específico; una parte principal, en la que se ejecutarán los ejercicios luctatorios más representativos, como agarres, desequilibrios, inmovilizaciones, etc.; y una vuelta a la calma con estiramientos y conclusiones. En definitiva, se pretende continuar con los contenidos trabajados en primaria y extender la lucha olímpica en secundaria.
Niveles de ansiedad en judokas participantes en el 41º Campeonato Militar de Judo Interejércitos 2017
Authors: Ruiz-Barquín Roberto , Robles Pérez Juan José , García Estebaranz Santiago
Published: July 2018

Los objetivos del estudio fueron: describir los niveles de ansiedad en judokas de competición participantes en el 41º Campeonato Militar de Judo Interjércitos del año 2017; establecer posibles diferencias en los niveles de ansiedad hallados en función del sexo y el peso; y establecer posibles relaciones entre los niveles de ansiedad hallados y el puesto ocupado en campeonato individual. La muestra final estuvo compuesta por 28 judokas (18 hombres y 10 mujeres) pertenecientes a dos equipos participantes en el Campeonato (Ejército de Tierra y Guardia Civil), siendo la edad media de la muestra de 34.29 años (DT=5.12). De forma previa a la competición se administró el cuestionario de ansiedad ISRA-B versión Respuestas. Los resultados mostraron que los judokas evaluados presentaron menores niveles de ansiedad cognitiva (p<.05), ansiedad fisiológica (p<.001) y ansiedad motora (p<.001) al compararlos con otras muestras de deportistas. Asimismo, se hallaron diferencias significativas en los niveles ansiedad en función del sexo, obteniendo mayores niveles de ansiedad motora el grupo de mujeres (p<.05). En función del peso sólo se mostraron resultados significativos en judokas masculinos (p<.05), donde los más pesados presentaron mayores niveles de ansiedad cognitiva (p<.05). Sólo se hallaron correlaciones significativas entre los niveles de ansiedad motora y el puesto obtenido en competición en el grupo masculino (rho= -.635; p<.05). Los resultados confirman la necesidad de realizar intervenciones psicológicas diferenciales considerando las variables sexo y categoría de peso.
Thermodynamic Simulation of Simultaneous Extraction of Metals During Waste Processing Industry
Authors: Daribaev Zh. , Suleimenova M. , Shevko V. , Daribaeva N.
Published: July 2018

The depletion of ores, a rise in the cost of their extraction, enrichment and processing led in the last 10‒15 years to a sharp rise in prices for tungsten products. Therefore, the processing began to involve technogenic waste ‒ dumps of enrichment factories and metallurgical industries, which previously did not represent the commercial interest on this case, we present the information on the results of the thermodynamic modeling of tungsten and bismuth chloride distillation in the processing of industrial waste using NaCl as a chlorinating agent. To calculate thermodynamic models for the associated extraction of tungsten and bismuth from industrial wastes, the ASTRA-4 software complex was used which created on basis of the maximum entropy of all possible reactions occurring during the retrieval of refractory metals from waste. Thus, the calculations carried out and experimental studies of the main provisions of thermodynamic calculation have shown the possibility of using NaCl salts for bismuth chlorination. At the same time, the maximum degree of sublimation of bismuth not be lower than 98% and can be achieved even at a temperature of 1200 K and a pressure of 0.01–0.1 MPa. At the same time, NaCl is not an effective chlorinating agent for retrieving of tungsten during high-temperature processing of industrial wastes.
Microbiological Oxidation of High Viscosity Bitumen in Soil
Authors: Filatov D. , Kopytov M. , Ovsyannikova V. , Elchaninova E.
Published: July 2018

This paper presents the results of an investigation of microbiological oxidation in the model soil system of high viscosity bitumen from the Bayan-Erkhet deposit (Mongolia) with a high content of heteroelements. It is shown that bitumen, being a mixture of high molecular weight components, has no inhibitory effect on the indigenous soil microflora. Its active growth in the presence of oil products starts without adaptation and lasts for a good part of experiment resulting in 15‒30 fold excess of microorganisms over its reference number. The enzymatic activity of the contaminated soil increases by a factor of 1.5‒2.0, which indicates an assimilation of various hydrocarbon compounds. The weight analysis revealed that the biodegradation of oil products after 180 days of the experiment was 50% of the initial contamination at initial waste oil concentration 50 g/kg (5%). The analysis by IR spectroscopy revealed an accumulation of oxygen-containing compounds which are intermediate products of bio-oxidation of bitumen components. The method of chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed the ability of aboriginal soil microflora to mineralize virtually all hydrocarbons contained in the bitumen under study. Their biodegradation ranges from 18 to 97%. It was shown by the GC-MS method that high-molecular heteroatomic components of bitumen (resins and asphaltenes) also undergo a microbial degradation, since their molecular structure changed after the destruction. Thus, the number of structural units in a hypothetical molecule and that of heteroatoms increased due to the high content of oxygen-containing structures. In addition, the ratio of hydrocarbons (oils), resins, and asphaltenes contained in the sample is also changed.
Propargylated Novolac Resins for Solvent-Free Technology for High-Performance Composites
Authors: Kalugin D. , Nechausov S. , Galiguzov A. , Malakho A. , Lepin V. , Oktiabrskaia L. , Minchuk S.
Published: July 2018

Propargyl substituted novolac phenolic resin diluted with unsaturated bisphenol-A ethers was used for glass fiber solvent-free impregnation for the formation of high-performance composites. The addition of 20% mass of diallyl (DAEBA) or dipropargyl (DPEBA) bisphenol-A to propargyl substituted novolac phenolic resin resulted in viscosity drop from 2000 mPa∙s to 400‒500 mPa∙s at 140 °C. This proved to be enough to achieve complete impregnation of the twisted glass fibers, as illustrated by SEM analysis. This improvement in impregnation was shown to result in increasing both flexural strength and modulus of the unidirectional glass fiber composite material approximately with a factor of two compared to the composite impregnated with resin without bisphenol-A ethers. DPEBA was shown to be more suitable for high-temperate applications since its addition does not seem to result in a decrease of the heat deflection temperature (HDT).
Electrochemical Study of Graphene Coated Nickel Foam as an Anode for Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: Mukanova A. , Zharbossyn A. , Nurpeissova A. , Kim S.-S. , Myronov M. , Bakenov Z.
Published: July 2018

This study reports the synthesis of a few-layered graphene (GF) thin film on Ni foam by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique and investigation of its electrochemical performance as a negative electrode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). A standard deposition procedure with a methane precursor was employed to prepare the GF films. The SEM studies revealed the formation of a dark uniform film on the surface of Ni foam’s wires upon the CVD deposition. The film consisted of numerous GF sheets replicating the shape of the Ni grain boundaries over the Ni wire surface. The Raman spectroscopy of the prepared films on the Ni foam confirmed that the samples are a few-layered GF with high quality and purity. In order to evaluate the potential of the use of the prepared materials as an anode in LIBs, their electrochemical performance was studied in coin-type lithium half-cells using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic cycling. The results of CV showed that both graphene and native oxide layer (NiO) on nickel foam exhibit electrochemical activity with respect to lithium ions. Galvanostatic cycling revealed that both GF and NiO contribute to the overall capacity, which increases upon cycling with a stable Coulombic efficiency of around 99%. The designed 3D GF coated NiO/Ni anode demonstrated a gradual increase of its areal charge capacity from 65 μAh cm-2 at the initial cycle to 250 μAh cm-2 at the final 250th cycle.
Characterization of the Epoxy Resin and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Stress-Strain State by Modified Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Yermakhanova A. , Ismailov M.
Published: July 2018

The epoxy resin in the form of Etal Inject-T compound, Sigratex KDK carbon fabric, Taunit-M carbon nanotubes conditionally named as CNT-1, as well as functionalized (modified) variety of them by grafting to the surface of new chemical groups: carboxylated ‒ CNT-2, carboxyl-hydroxylated ‒ CNT-3, amidated ‒ CNT-4 were used in the work. The experiments were performed on the compression strength and bending strength of the samples. The injection of CNT-1 into epoxy resin or carbon fiber reinforced plastic did not produce the hardening. The injection of 0.05% of CNT-2 into the epoxy resin had the following effect: there is no influence in the area of quasielastic strains, the hardening was up to 25% in the areas of plastic and elastic-plastic strain. The injection of 0.15% of functionalized carbon nanotubes into the carbon fiber reinforced plastic produced the hardening for compression with CNT-2 ‒ 6%, CNT-3 ‒ 12%, CNT-4 – 17%, for bending – CNT-2 – 44%, CNT-3 – 59%, CNT-4 – 132%. It is established that with an increase in the strain rate of epoxy resin from 1 to 5 mm/min the areas of plastic and elastic-plastic strain gradually are reduced, there is only quasielastic strain with brittle fracture at 20 mm/ min, this value can be accepted as its strength characteristic. With an increase in the strain rate of carbon fiber reinforced plastic from 1 to 20 mm/min the compression strength gradually increases from 398 MPa to 425 MPa, and then stabilizes.
Evolution of the absorption of heavy metals in function of nutrients
Authors: Szaniszló Albert , Demény Krisztina
Published: July 2018

The condition of an eco-system greatly depends on the different biotic and abiotic factors. The area along the river “Tisza” is highly imperiled by random appearance of heavy metal pollutants originated from mining accidents or other sources. Heavy metals are dangerous because of the bioaccumulation and they could be toxic or poisonous even at low concentration. The aim of our research was to test the reaction of a simplified soil-plant pot experiment, consists of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) for metal pollution close to the sanitary limiting value. Garden cress is considered one of the most important agricultural vegetables and its short reaction time for various treatments makes this plant ideal object of eco-toxicological tests. Based on the results it is realistic assumption to expect decrease the above-mentioned flexibility character. Garden cress (Lepidium sativum) was chosen as a test plant to simulate the accessible pollutant uptake. Additionally, Lepidium sativum is a possible carrier of heavy metals in food chain, since it is a many-sided green vegetable consumed by humans and animals as well. The present study is undertaken to examine the level of accumulation as it is modified by a plant, if the plant growing up under other conditions. It appears how for each factor as in mobilizing heavy metals, the plant laboratory water will affect the special nutrient solution or soil pollution. Responsive changes are relevant for all of the different conditions relevant for mobile heavy metals. The accumulation levels may undergo variations in function of them. In the present study, such change is characterized by the cress garden.
Agronomic benefits of long term trials
Authors: Jolánkai Márton , Tarnawa Ákos , Nyárai Ferenc H. , Szentpétery Zsolt , Kassai Mária Katalin
Published: July 2018

Long term trials have been established in favour of exploring and observing plant and soil interrelations on site. We may determine long term trials as live instruments providing ceteris paribus conditions in temporal sequences. This review is dealing with the introduction to major long term trials in the World and in Hungary. Giving a brief summary on plant nutritional research roots beginning with some data from Homer, and the fabulous initial willow tree experiment of van Helmont, as well as the basic inventions of physiological processes by von Liebig, Lawes and Boussingault. The most profound long term trials like Padova’s Orto Botanico, the Linné Garden of Uppsala and the Broadbalk of Rothamsted are presented in the lecture. Agronomic, educational and scientific benefits of the major Hungarian long term trials are also discussed from Westsik 1929 via Maronvásár and the National Plant Nutrition Trials (OMTK) founded in 1963. There is a list of experimental sites giving information on the most important recent long term trial locations and the activities.
The effect of different planting methods on the yield and spad readings of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Authors: Pepó Péter
Published: July 2018

A small-plot field experiment was established to examine the sweet potato variety Ásotthalmi 12 in the case of various planting methods on chernozem soil in 2017. The obtained experimental results showed that, by using appropriate agrotechnical solutions, sweet potato can be successfully grown with favourable yields also in Hungary (the marketable tuber yield was between 23.2-50.7 t ha-1). As opposed to bibliographical references, higher yields were obtained in flat planting than in ridge planting at both row spacing values - 1.0 m (32.2 t ha-1 and 23.2 t ha-1, respectively) and 0.75 m (50.7 t ha-1 and 39.4 t ha-1). The 0.75 m row spacing was more favourable than 1.0 m. The proportion of non-marketable tubers was also more favourable (lower) in flat planting (9.97-10.9%) than in ridge planting (13.03-15.57%). During the growing season, the SPAD readings of the sweet potato leaves increased between July and August, reaching their peak in mid-August (39.61-50.31). SPAD readings decreased until harvesting (38.89-43.31 on 7th October). Positive correlation was observed between the marketable tuber yield and SPAD readings on 10th July (0.632xx) and 21st July (0,664xx).
Combating anestrous problem in crossbred cattle by nutritional interventions in field conditions of Odisha
Authors: Satapathy Debasish , Mishra Sumant Kumar , Swain Raj Kishor , Sethy Kamdev , Varun Tarun Kumar , Sahoo Jatin Kumar , Samal Pinaki , Barik Satyaranjan
Published: July 2018

Through a survey in Kakatpur block, Odisha, twenty-one numbers of anestrous cattle were selected and equally divided in to three groups (T0, T1 and T2, n=7) for the experiment. T0 was kept as control (farmer’s practice), while T1 and T2 were provided with area specific mineral mixture (Ca, P, Mn, Cu, Zn) at 50g/day/animal and bypass fat at 100 g/day/animal, respectively for 60days. Average daily gain was significantly higher in T1 and T2 as compared to that of T0. Significant improvement in blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and SGPT status was observed after various treatments. Due to mineral supplementation, all blood mineral status was improved. T1 and T2 groups exhibited better ovarian status and conception rate after treatment. Although, highest conception rate was observed in T2 group. Therefore, it can be concluded that supplementation of mineral mixture and bypass fat improved reproductive efficiency of anestrous animals along higher daily gain.
Effect of supplementing selenized yeast on performance and anti-oxidant responses in Vanaraja and commercial broiler chickens
Authors: Prakash B. , Rama Rao S. V. , Raju M.V.L.N. , Reddy C. Sreenivasa
Published: July 2018

The study was conducted to determine the efficacy of organic Se produced through Saccharomyces cerevisiae from sodium selenite in the diet of Vanaraja and commercial broiler chicken. The trial was conducted in day-old Vanaraja chicks (n=160), which were randomly distributed into 4 dietary groups having 5 chicks in each of 8 replicates. The basal diet (BD) was formulated and supplemented with calculated quantity of organic Se to formulate the different experimental diets and fed up to 5 weeks. The second experiment in day-old commercial broiler chicks (n=350), which were randomly distributed into 7 dietary groups having 5 chicks in each of 10 replicates. The experimental birds were fed BD (diet I) with 0.2 mg/kg organic Se (diet II), 0.4 mg/kg organic Se (diet III) and 0.6 mg/kg organic Se (diet IV), and BD with 0.2 mg/kg inorganic Se (diet V), 0.4 mg/kg inorganic Se (diet VI) and 0.6 mg/kg inorganic Se (diet VII) up to 6 weeks. The body weight gain during 5th week was higher (P Lass Than 0.05) in the birds fed with diet supplemented 0.3 mg/kg of the organic Se compared to the other groups. However, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) among different groups did not vary (P>0.05) throughout the experiment. The activity of glutathione peroxidase was higher (P Lass Than 0.01) among the groups fed the diets containing organic Se (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mg/kg) compared to the control diet in experiment I. In experiment II, body weight gain and FCR at the end of the experiment were improved significantly (P Lass Than 0.01) in the group fed 0.2 mg/kg organic Se compared to control. Alanine transaminase, Aspartate aminotransferase, triglycerides and cholesterol levels were lower in groups fed diets supplemented organic Se compared to control or inorganic Se fed groups. Whereas, glutathione reductase activity was significantly higher among the groups supplemented organic Se compared to other dietary groups. Based on the results it can be concluded that supplementing organic Se up to 0.3 mg/kg enhanced the body weight gain and anti-oxidant enzyme activity in Vanaraja and commercial broiler chicken.
Comparative production performance of Hubbard, Vencobb and Vencobb-400 broiler strains during tropical summer season
Authors: Singh Dharmendra Kumar , Singh Vinay Kumar , Paswan Vinod Kumar
Published: July 2018

In this study Comparative production performance of three broiler strains namely, Hubbard, Vencobb and Vencobb-400 was explored in tropical summer season of Eastern Uttar Pradesh state of India. Experiment was conducted on 450 broiler chicks, 150 chicks of each strain with three replications of 50 birds each. The performance of the broiler strains were measured in terms of feed intake, body weight gain and FCR, dressing and mortality percentage. Their performance on the aforementioned criteria was observed, three times, at the age of 14 days, 28 days and 42 days during the experimental period. It was observed that there exists a significant difference in performance in terms of feed intake, live weight, body weight gain and FCR among the three broiler strains during the experimental period and even at each stage of experimental age of 14, 28 and 42 day. The mortality was also significantly different in each strain and at each stage of experimental age. There was a significant difference in the dressing percentage among the three strains of broilers at the age of 42 days. Results indicated that Vencobb-400 performed best followed by the Hubbard strain. Therefore, both Vencobb-400 and Hubbard broiler strains may be recommended as economic and more suitable for rearing in tropical summer season of Eastern Uttar Pradesh of India.
Analysis of volatile chemical substances in urine of the kinship and non-kinship Tupaia belangeri
(Mammalia: Scandentia: Tupaiidae)
Authors: Zhu W. L. , Ren X. Y. , Hou D. M. , Wang W. Q. , Wang Z. K.
Published: July 2018

Chemical communication plays an important role in reproductive and social behaviour of small mammals. The chemical constituents of urine were the main signal resources that can encode sex and social status. The purpose of the present study was to test volatile chemical substances in urine of the kinship and non-kinship Tupaia belangeri, volatile chemicals in urine were performed by the gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which is speculated that volatile chemicals in urine may had key role in its kin recognition of T. belangeri. The results showed that the components of volatile chemicals in urine were similar between the kinship and non-kinship T. belangeri, which the main components were Alcohols, Alkanes, Esters and Ketones, but the types of each materials were discrepant. “Formic acid, octyl ester” were absence or existence regularly, and “a-Farnesene” and “2,4-Dithiapentane” were found in kinship and non-kinship T. belangeri, which may be signaling substances in the urine. All of the results suggested that volatile chemical substances in urine were different in kinship and non-kinship T. belangeri, indicating that chemical communication based on signals in urine plays an important role in its kin recognition of T. belangeri.
Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine brucellosis in the province of Djelfa (ALGERIA)
Authors: Yahia A. , Hamrat K. , Saidani K. , Kaidi R.
Published: July 2018

In order to determine the prevalence of bovine brucellosis and the factors affecting its persistence in the province of Djelfa (Algeria), a sero-epidemiological study was carried out on a total of 10827 cattle (7346 females and 3481 males) during the decade from 2004 to 2013. The sera were screened by card agglutination test, and the positive samples were confirmed by the complement fixation test. Some factors (year, age, breed and sex) were considered. Results found an average prevalence of brucellosis during these ten years of 1.4% with a highly significant difference according to year and sex (P Lass Than 0.05). A prevalence of 1.58% for females against a prevalence of 1.03% for males was observed. No significant difference was observed for the different age groups (P>0.05) in the seroprevalence of brucellosis. A higher prevalence of infection (1.53%) was found in imported breeds compared to local and cross breeds with (1.39%) and (1.35%) respectively. The effect of the breed is highly significant (P Lass Than 0.05). In conclusion the bovine brucellosis persists in the province of Djelfa and it is necessary to implement a scheme to fight and prevent this infection.
Detection of genetic polymorphism of ANGPTL4 and POMC gene and correlation with growth traits in Guanling cattle
Authors: Xu L. X. , Liu J. , He G. Z. , Zhang L. , Zhou W. Z.
Published: July 2018

In this study, the polymorphism of ANGPTL4 and POMCgene in 92 individuals of Guanling cattle was detected using DNA sequencing technology, and the correlation between polymorphic loci and growth traits of Guanling cattle was analyzed. Three mutation sites including 387 C > T, 418 C > T and 449 A > T were detected in ANGPTL4 gene. Five mutation sites including 138 C > T, 430 C > T, 644 C > T, 668C > T, and 693A >G were detected in POMC gene. The results showed that three polymorphic mutation sites of ANGPTL4 gene in the Hardy - Weinberg disequilibrium (HWE) (P Lass Than 0.05), POMC gene in 430 C > T mutation the mutation in HWE equilibrium (P > 0.05), multi peptide information content of ANGPTL4, POMC gene polymorphisms (PIC) showed moderate polymorphism. The correlation analysis results showed that the ANGPTL4 gene 418 C > T mutation genotypes and Guanling yellow body height, body length, chest circumference, abdominal circumference showed significant differences (P Lass Than 0.01), 449 A>T mutation geno types and Guanling yellow body height showed a significant difference (P Lass Than 0.05) and chest circumference, abdominal circumference showed significant differences (P Lass Than0.01). POMC gene 644 C > T and 668C > T mutation loci and body length of Guanling yellow cattle showed significant difference (P Lass Than 0.05).
Porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer donor sources affect transplant success: A meta-analysis
Authors: Guo Zhenhua , Lv Lei , Liu Di , Li Zhongqiu
Published: July 2018

Herd boars, male domestic pigs used for stud, are economically important, and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a promising technology to expand herd boar yields. However, live births are dictated by donor cell source, and fetal donors may offer more advantages than adult donors. A meta-analysis was conducted to better understand how donor sources affect SCNT outcomes. Of the 1,431 records viewed, 10 were selected for review. Blastocyst formation rates, successful pregnancies, and live births were assessed to measure efficacy. SCNT blastocyst formation differed between adult and fetal donors among the studies. SCNT pigs had more malformed fetuses as well, which negatively affected the post-birth mortality. Organs of porcine fetuses are limited by deficiencies of maternal nutrient and growth hormones, which compromise post-birth adaptations. SCNT pregnancy success is neither determined by donor source nor by live births. Live births are also tied to donor age. Embryos from fetal donors are more frequently healthy likely due to less differentiation and less reprogramming of reconstructed embryos. Adult donors in contrast have more cell differentiation and as such accumulate more mutations and damage. This may reduce reconstructed embryo viability. Finally, SCNT efficiency may be improved with more in vitro passages, but more work is required to validate this concept.
Salt tolerant polyembryonic mango rootstock (ML-2 and GPL-1): A putative role of endophytic bacteria by using BOX-PCR
Authors: Kannan R. , Damodaran T. , Nagaraja A. , Umamaheswari S.
Published: July 2018

This study was conducted to assess the movement of Na+ and K+ between leaves, stem and root segments of tolerant and susceptible polyembryonic mango accessions under saline-sodic environment. Among the 15 diverse polyembryonic from different location of South Andaman used for screening under saline-sodic condition with the soils of pH 9.45 under pot culture experiments in polyhouse, at the time of completion of experiment (240th DAS) the accessions GPL-1, ML-2 and ML-6 were selected which exhibited tolerance to sodicity with lower mortality percent of 6.67 to 13.33% and the rest of polyembryonic seedling were having huge mortality percent ranging from 96.67 to 100.00%. The Na+/K+ ratio in roots of tolerant accessions registered lower Na+/K+ ratio ranging from 0.47 (GPL-1) to 0.61 (ML-6) and susceptible accessions was higher Na+/K+ which ranged from 3.06 (GTP-2 to 6.53 (GPL-4). The same was reverse in the stem and leaves in tolerant and susceptible accessions. Results indicated that the isolates belonged to four major phylogenetic group: low G+C Gram positive bacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes.
Viver com deficiência física e o papel da rede de apoio
Authors: Brignol Paula , Schoeller Soraia Dornelles , Da Silva Denise Maria Guerreiro Vieira , Boell Julia Estela Willrich , Lopes Soraia Geraldo Rozza , Lima Daniella Karine Souza
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: compreender o impacto da deficiência física na pessoa e a contribuição da rede de apoio. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo de abordagem qualitativa. Foram entrevistadas 10 pessoas com deficiência física de um município localizado no Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados no período de março de 2013 a fevereiro de 2015, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturada em profundidade e realizada análise de conteúdo. Resultados: os dados foram organizados em três categorias temáticas: perda da autonomia/independência; mudanças no cotidiano e no viver; e rede como apoio para superar/enfrentar as dificuldades. Conclusão: a deficiência física apresenta transformações na vida das pessoas, sendo a rede de apoio a elas, peça fundamental para o enfrentamento das dificuldades.
Simulação realística como método de ensino no aprendizado de estudantes da área da saúde
Authors: Ferreira Raína Pleis Neves , Guedes Helisamara Mota , Oliveira Dhelfeson Willya Douglas , Miranda João Luiz de
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento, a satisfação e autoconfiança de estudantes de cursos de graduação em Enfermagem e Medicina, que participaram da simulação realística. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo quase experimental, exploratório e analítico, sobre a utilização do método de ensino tradicional com aula expositiva e método de ensino com simulação realística. Para coleta dos dados, utilizou-se formulário de caracterização dos participantes, avaliação de conhecimento e Escala de Satisfação dos Estudantes e Autoconfiança na Aprendizagem. Análises descritiva e univariada foram conduzidas. Resultados: A cada método de ensino utilizado houve ganho de conhecimento dos participantes (p
Sylviculture tropicale en forêt dense africaine (Partie 4)
Authors: Catinot René
Published: July 2018

L’article présente la quatrième partie de l’étude sur la sylviculture en forêt dense africaine. Dans cet article, l’auteur compare les différentes méthodes employées dans les forêts tropicales humides à la lumière des résultats de recherche exposés dans le précédent article. Il conclut que, excepté pour les méthodes « Limba » et « Okoumé », le principal facteur limitant le succès des plantations semble être le manque de lumière arrivant jusqu’au niveau du sol. Sur la base de cette observation fondamentale et d’autres considérations techniques, il propose des changements aux méthodes conventionnelles, avec la perspective d’améliorer leurs chances de succès.
Eğime Dik ve Paralel Karıkların Laboratuvar Koşulları Altında Yüzey Akış ve Toprak Kaybı Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: SİNKPEHOUN Tognisse Herve , YÖNTER Gökçen
Published: July 2018

Ülkemizin
% 90’nı etkileyen su erozyonuna karşı çeşitli teknikler uygulanmaktadır. Bu
tekniklerden birisi de, eğime dik yönde karıkların kullanılmasıdır. Bu
araştırmada, 30x45x15 cm boyutlu erozyon tavalarına, 8 mm’den elenmiş killi
tın, kumlu ve kumlu tın bünyeli toprak örnekleri yerleştirilmiştir. Erozyon
tavalarında toprak örnekleri üzerinde % 9 eğime dik ve paralel yönde karıklar farklı
derinliklerde (0, 1, 2 ve 4 cm) hazırlanmıştır. Erozyon tavalarına 40 ve 80 mm/saat
yoğunlukta yapay yağış uygulanmıştır. Yağış uygulamalarından sonra elde edilen
yüzey akış ve toprak kaybı hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; her iki
yağış yoğunluğunda, eğime dik karıklar karık derinliği arttıkça, yüzey akışı ve
toprak kayıplarını sırasıyla % 0.6-91 ve % 38-98 arasında önemli düzeylerde (p>0.01
ve p>0.05) azaltmıştır.
Ege Bölgesi Şeftali Alanlarında Görülen Kök ur Nematodu Türleri (Meloidogyne spp.)'nin Belirlenmesi ve Yayılışının Saptanması
Authors: Yağcı Mürşide , Kaşkavalcı Galip
Published: July 2018

Bu çalışma, Ege Bölgesi’nde şeftali yetiştiriciliği yapılan
alanlarda görülen Kök-ur nematodu türleri (Meloidogyne
spp.)’nin belirlenmesi ve yayılışının saptanması amacıyla 2013 yılında
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın materyali, Ege Bölgesi’ndeki şeftali
yetiştiriciliği yapılan toplam 239 bahçeden alınan toprak örnekleri ve bitki
kök örneklerinden oluşmuştur. Analiz çalışmalarında 100 gr topraktaki
popülasyon yoğunluklarına bakılarak illerdeki yaygınlık durumu tespit
edilmiştir. Toprak analizleri sonucunda, Kök ur nematodları İzmir ilinde
şeftali alanlarının yoğun olduğu ilçelerden Selçuk ilçesinde 9, Tire ilçesinde
5, Torbalı ilçesinde 2 bahçede tespit edilirken, Aydın ve Manisa illerine bağlı
ilçelerde bulunamamıştır. Yapılan gözlemler sonucunda özellikle Solanaceae
familyasına (domates, biber, patlıcan) ait kültür bitkileri ile ara tarımın
yapıldığı bahçelerde Kök-ur nematodları daha yoğun bulunmuştur. Tür teşhisi
çalışmaları sonucunda şeftali alanlarından alınan örneklerde, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid, White
1919) (% 63,4)’nın Meloidogyne javanica
(Treub, 1885) (%36,6)’ya göre daha yaygın olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Ventilación mecánica invasiva y estado nutricionalnal de pacientes en un hospital de segundo nivel.
Authors: Murillo Ruiz MI , Ramírez Mendoza DM , Sandoval Hurtado Silvia , Enríquez-Reyna Maria Cristina
Published: July 2018

Los pacientes con ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) presentan frecuentemente deterioro de los músculos respiratorios debido a las alteraciones nutricionalnales, lo que ocasiona mayor estancia hospitalaria y dependencia al ventilador mecánico, retardando el destete. Objetivo: Determinar la relación de los días con VMI y el estado nutricional de pacientes en un hospital de segundo nivel. Material y métodos: estudio longitudinal, observacional, analítico, prospectivo con una muestra de 52 pacientes de 18 a 75 años de edad sometidos a VMI. Se realizaron dos revisiones del estado nutricional; la primera, al inicio de la VMI y la segunda, tras el destete del ventilador. El análisis se realizó con estadística descriptiva para describir las características poblacionales y las variables de estudio. Se utilizó estadística no paramétrica con prueba de Wilcoxon y análisis de supervivencia con regresión de Cox. Se consideró un valor crítico de alfa de 0,05. Resultados: se incluyeron 36 mujeres y 16 hombres. Edad promedio de 61 años (DE=9,83). Más del 80% de los pacientes con VMI presentaron desnutrición energético proteica (DEP). El estado de normonutrición mostró relación con la supervivencia (OR=0,326, p=0,002) y la DEP incrementó más de tres veces el riesgo de morir (OR=3,019, p=0,766). Conclusiones: el estado nutricionalnal afecta los días de VMI, los pacientes con DEP presentan menor supervivencia comparados con los pacientes en estatus de normonutrición. Establecer el estado nutricionalnal ayudará al diagnóstico temprano de riesgos e incrementará la posibilidad de éxito del destete de la VMI.
Autopercepción de la calidad de vida de pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica sometidos a hemodiálisis.
Authors: Rivera-Vázquez Patricia , Rojas Wendy
Published: July 2018

A nivel mundial, existe un alarmante y progresivo aumento del número de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica. Ello constituye un problema de salud pública, con una incidencia y prevalencia incrementadas debido al envejecimiento de la población y la presencia de complicaciones tardías de enfermedades crónico-degenerativas, principalmente diabetes e hipertensión arterial, por lo que estos son sometidos a diversos tratamientos como la hemodiálisis, que tiene un impacto significativo en la vida de los pacientes. Objetivo: evaluar la calidad de vida del paciente con insuficiencia renal crónica en tratamiento sustitutivo renal (hemodiálisis) en un Hospital de segundo nivel en Cd Victoria. Metodología: estudio cuantitativo de diseño descriptivo-trasversal en 60 pacientes en tratamiento de hemodiálisis en un hospital de segundo nivel de atención, mediante muestreo no probabilístico por disponibilidad. Utilizando instrumento Kidney Disease Quality of Life versión abreviada del KDQOLTM (1997). Análisis de datos a través el Programa SPSS v.20. Resultados: el 40.7% presenta baja calidad de vida, la dimensión física fue la más afectada (48.3%), así como la dimensión social (41.6%). Conclusión: la calidad de vida del paciente crónico renal es baja, aunque la dimensión psicológica es alta, ya que los pacientes manifiestan sentirse tranquilos, porque se encuentran hemodializando para mejorar su calidad de vida.
Tendencias en la producción científica brasileña en enfermería sobre el uso de agrotóxicos
Authors: Loise Dias Gisele , Camponogara Silviamar , Bortolozo Paz Carmen Lucia , De Lima Rodrigues Isis
Published: July 2018

Objetivos: conocer la tendencia de la producción científica de la enfermería brasileña, en tesis y disertaciones sobre los agrotóxicos. Material y Métodos: revisión narrativa de la literatura. La búsqueda por Tesis y Disertaciones fue realizada en el Banco de tesis y disertaciones de la Coordinación de Perfeccionamiento de Personal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) en el mes de junio del año 2017. Resultados: En total, 14 producciones fueron seleccionadas para análisis de contenido temático. Emergió una categoría temática denominada: trabajo, medio ambiente, salud y agrotóxicos, abarcando estudios que buscan identificar, conocer y comprender las cuestiones relativas al perfil del trabajador rural, la problemática del trabajo en el campo y, aún, como este tema se desdobla en el servicio de salud y en la sociedad en general. Conclusión: la tendencia de la producción científica de la enfermería brasileña corresponde al desarrollo de estudios que incorporan las cuestiones relativas al trabajo, medio ambiente, salud y agrotóxicos. En esta perspectiva, la principal problemática presentada se refiere al uso de equipos de protección individual por el trabajador rural.
Violencia escolar, funcionalidad familiar y características sociodemográficas en una institución educativa pública de Huancayo-Perú.
Authors: Boza-Huamán Natalia , Maldonado-Camarena Fabiola , Morales-Argandoña Maria , Meléndez-De la Cruz Julia Raquel
Published: July 2018

Objetivos: determinar la presencia de la violencia escolar, la funcionalidad familiar y las características sociodemográficas de los estudiantes de secundaria de una institución educativa de la región sierra de Perú, Junín, ciudad de Huancayo. Material y métodos: la investigación es de tipo descriptivo y correlacional. La población estuvo conformada por 291 estudiantes del 3°, 4º y 5º año de secundaria. Resultados: se halló con violencia física un 91,8% y con violencia verbal 94,1%; asimismo, presentan disfunción familiar de leve a moderada. Conclusión: la violencia escolar se relaciona significativamente con el grado de instrucción y el sexo de los adolescentes.
Assessment of Range Land Degradation, Major Causes, Impacts, and Alternative Rehabilitation Techniques in Yabello Rangelands Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Fenetahun Yeneayehu , Xu Xinwen , Wang Yongdong
Published: July 2018

Background: Rangeland degradation means that a reduction both in rank and status of general floral/ fauna composition, energy flow and biomass of a certain ecosystem. Objective: The review was conducted to assess rangeland degradation, cause and its impact on local livelihood in Yabello district and also suggests appropriate methods used to rehabilitate it.  Methods: The data and literatures were collected from different both domestic and abroad researcher research result reviewed and internet sources. The research paper review mainly addresses concepts of rangeland degradation, major causes in tropics and Ethiopia particularly in Yabello rangelands, impacts of rangeland degradation, principles of rangeland restoration and common restoration techniques.Result:  Based on those research papers and the current fact situations the major drivers leading to rangeland degradation includes climate change, overgrazing, bush encroachment,  both human and livestock population pressure, drought, and government policy . Of all bush encroachment is becoming the major threat to Yabello rangelands. And this led to decline in rangeland condition, water potential, soil status, and animal performance, livestock holding at the household level and community become destitute and in the long run poverty. In spite of these impacts, the action of restoration techniques in the area is highly insufficient.  Conclusion: Generally in order to address rangeland degradation problems, there is a strong need to coordination between the local community and the scientific community for sustainable land management trough post management techniques by applying reseeding technology.
Epoxide Functional γ-Al2O3/Fe3O4/SiO2 Ceramic Nanocomposite Particles as Adsorbent for Reactive Azo Dye: Understanding Surface Property
Authors: Bristy Sadia Salsabil , Rahman Mohammad Mostafizar , Rahman Mohammad Mahbubor , Alam Mohammad Ashraful , Karim Mohammad Rabiul , Ahmad Hasan
Published: July 2018

In this investigation magnetic γ-Al2O3 ceramic nanocomposite particles bearing epoxide functionality are prepared following a multistep process. The ultimate nanocomposite particles are named as γ-Al2O3/Fe3O4/SiO2/poly(glycidyl methacrylate (PGMA). The surface property is evaluated by carrying out the adsorption study of Remazol navy (RN), a model reactive azo dye, on both γ-Al2O3/Fe3O4/SiO2 and γ-Al2O3/Fe3O4/SiO2/PGMA nanocomposite particles. The adsorption is carried out at the point of zero charge (PZC) to neutralize the effect of particle surface charge. The adsorption rate is very fast, reached equilibrium (qe) value within five min. Due to mesoporous structure of silica layer γ-Al2O3/Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposite particles possessed relatively higher specific surface area and magnitude of adsorption is dependent on the total specific surface area. The introduction of epoxide functionality favored high adsorption capacity in mass per unit surface area. The adsorption process strictly followed Langmuir model. Thermodynamic equilibrium parameters implied that irrespective of surface functionality the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. Pseudo-second-order rate kinetic model is more appropriate to explain the adsorption kinetics.