bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONHECIMENTO DE HOMENS JOVENS SOBRE INFECÇÃO PELO HIV E FATORES ASSOCIADOS
Authors: Silva Layla Caroline Lino da , Ribeiro Luana Carla Santana , Ferreira Jocelly De Araújo , Abrantes Magaly Suênya de Almeida Pinto , Dias Danilo Erivelton Medeiros , Santos Maria Gleuza Malzac do Carmo
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento de homens jovens sobre a infecção pelo HIV e fatores sociodemográficos e relativos à sexualidade associados. Método: trata-se de pesquisa epidemiológica, analítica e transversal, realizada com 189 homens, jovens universitários do Nordeste Brasileiro, mediante questionários estruturados e autoaplicados. Os dados foram analisados no Software SPSS versão 21.0, por meio de análise descritiva e univariada com base nos testes Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou teste exato de Fisher. Resultados: evidenciou-se conhecimento deficiente sobre formas de transmissão e de prevenção do HIV, associados a fatores sociodemográficos – raça, faixa de renda mensal, situação conjugal e religião – e ao histórico de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (valor-p < 0,05), além do não reconhecimento de sua própria vulnerabilidade à transmissão sexual da infecção. Conclusão: esses resultados podem instrumentalizar novas políticas públicas e estratégias dos profissionais de saúde direcionadas aos homens jovens, visando à diminuição de sua vulnerabilidade ao HIV e sua morbimortalidade.

Descritores: Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida. HIV. Conhecimento. Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Prevenção de Doenças. Homens.
FATORES PARA RETIRADA DE CATETER CENTRAL DE INSERÇÃO PERIFÉRICA EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONATAL
Authors: Mittang Bruno Tiago , Stiegler Gabrieli , Schultz Lidiane Ferreira , Kroll Caroline
Published: November 2020

OBJETIVO: Identificar os principais fatores de retirada do cateter em recém-nascidos em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal (UTIn). MÉTODO: Pesquisa descritiva, retrospectiva, transversal com abordagem. Para a análise estatística de associação foi utilizado o teste de associação de Qui-quadrado, adotou-se o nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Houve predomínio de recém-nascidos pré-termo (76,5%), do sexo feminino (50,3%), com diagnósticos clínicos de prematuridade (73,1%) e desconforto respiratório (68,3%). Os principais fatores de retirada do cateter central de inserção periférica (PICC) foram término de terapia (58,3%), infecção presumida do cateter/flebite (23,5%), infiltração (6%) e obstrução (6%). Foram encontradas associações estatisticamente significativas entre a idade gestacional (p<0,001), quantidade de diagnósticos do recém-nascido (p=0,018), posicionamento do cateter (p<0,01) e a variável desfecho “fatores de retirada do cateter PICC”. CONCLUSÃO: Esta pesquisa possibilitou identificar os principais fatores de retirada do PICC e poderá contribuir para o monitoramento e elaboração de estratégias para manutenção desse cateter.
Relationship Between the Number of Days with Thunderstorms and the Duration of Thunderstorms According to Visual and Instrumental Observations
Authors: Adzhiev A.H. , Kupovykh G.V. , Gyatov R.A. , Kerefova Z.M.
Published: November 2020

For study the relationship between number of days with a thunderstorm recorded by weather stations and duration of thunderstorms in hours for these days, instrumental observations of the thunder direction-finding network of High-Mountain Geophysical Institute were used. We used data on thunderstorms in the North Caucasus for a long-term observation period in 2008-2019. Based on these data, they are grouped for various territories for analysis: the number of days with thunderstorms per month, per year, and the duration of thunderstorms per month and per year. A correlation analysis was performed between the number of days with thunderstorms and the duration of thunder-storms in hours according to LS 800 data. Thus, the dependence of the number of days with thunderstorms on the duration of thunderstorms is clearly traced - with an increase in the number of days with thunderstorms per year, the observation point increases in direct proportion to the duration of thunderstorms per year. With an increase in the number of days with thunderstorms on a given territory by one day, for the month in question, the duration of thunderstorms increases by 3.89 hours.
Kemerovo Region in the National Tourist Rating: a Comparative Analysis
Authors: Brel O.A. , Zaitseva A.I. , Kaizer Ph.Yu.
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the positions held by the Kemerovo region in the rating of tour-ist attractiveness of Russian regions. It is emphasized that rating assessments perform various functions. Various types of ratings compiled on the basis of such assessments are a popular tool for determining the level of development of a particular social or economic sphere or their condition as a whole. The authors demonstrate and analyze the change in indicators characterizing the state of the tourism industry of the Kemerovo region within the past six years, determine their role in increasing the competitiveness of the region. It is concluded that the positive dynamics of the main part of the indicators affected the improvement of its position in the National Tourism Rating. The region showed an increase of 31.3 points for this period. The unfavorable ecological state of the region, the low level of development of the hotel business and tourist infrastructure, insufficient promotion of the region in the tourist market, weak support of public initiatives by the local population are among the factors restraining the growth of tourist attractiveness of the Kemerovo region.
Geoinformation Assessment and Mapping of Dynamics of the Urbanized Territory of Ulan-Ude City
Authors: Kuklina E.E. , Kalashnikov K.I. , Baldanov N.D. , Beshentsev A.N.
Published: November 2020

The article presents information about methods and technologies used in assessing the dynamics of urbanized territory, gives a brief description of them, and identifies advantages and disadvantages. The concept of geoinformation monitoring of an urbanized territory is formulated. To integrate heterogeneous and multiformat data and assess the dynamics of residential environmental management, a problem-oriented GIS for monitoring urbanized territories has been developed on the example of Ulan-Ude city (Republic of Buryatia). The functional structure of GIS, consisting of measuring, analytical and cartographic blocks, is presented, and the characteristics of each block are given. The planned basis of GIS is the topographic basis of three spatial levels: regional (1:200 000) for monitoring agglomerations and large cities; local (1:50 000, 1:100 000) to assess the dynamics of residential development of the territory; detailed (1:10 000, 1:25 000) to assess the dynamics of real estate and land plots. A digital terrain model is used as a high-altitude basis for the assessment of urbanized territories, which allows the assessment of morphometric parameters of the residential nature management system. The dynamics of the urbanized territory of Ulan-Ude was estimated using six time sections. The physical and geographical features of the urbanized territory development are determined, the map of the city dynamics for the entire period of residential development is compiled, and the forecast of the further development of the urbanized territory for background and local buildings is presented.
Background of the Appearance and Development of Experimental Philosophy
Authors: Timoshenko T.V.
Published: November 2020

In the article the prerequisites for the emergence and development of a new trend in philosophy, experimental philosophy, are determined. It is noted that the dynamics of methodological approaches in experimental philosophy allows us to trace the historical continuity of experimental philosophy. The status of experimental philosophical knowledge, combining empirical and theoretical knowledge in cognitive activity, has radically changed in our time, having passed the dialectical path of development from a single philosophical knowledge of antiquity through the disintegration of empirical and theoretical knowledge in the 19th-20th centuries to integration - an interdisciplinary synthesis of sciences - in the 21st century. It is concluded that in the context of the historical genesis of the development of philosophical and scientific thought the emergence of modern experimental philosophy at the beginning of the 21st century historically determined and seems to be not a random phenomenon, but arisen with the objective need to create research methods that are adequate to the needs of modern science.
Accounting and Analytical Support for Effective Control of Tariffs in the Sphere of Housing and Communal Services
Authors: Kislaya I.A. , Makarenko T.V.
Published: November 2020

The article highlights the problems of the zone in cost control and the main directions of accounting and control support in socially significant business, namely in housing and communal services. The necessity on the basis of an account resource a special approach to control the cost of tariffs in the modern housing sector aimed at a rational balance between opposing factors in pricing services is justified. The aspiration of housing sector profits, leading to higher tariffs, on the one hand, and social deterrent to the growth of prices of services, on the other hand, led to the authors’ proposal of a larger system of accounting for and control of the basic component of the tariff - the cost of utilities. The aim of maximum analytical accounting features in relation to the cost of production of housing and utilities services is reasoned.
Elements of the System of the Administrative Law Support of the Tax Security of a State
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of State and Municipal Law of the Dostoevsky Omsk State University PhD (Law), Maslov Kirill V.
Published: November 2020

The role of administrative and legal elements in the system ensuring the national tax security is studied. These elements include levels, object, goals, subjects, forms, means and content, and functions. The goals of administrative and legal provision of tax security are formulated as forecasting, prevention, identification, assessment and minimization of threats to tax security and achievement of its indicators by means of regulating impact of legal means on the organization and implementation of the taxation process.
The Concept and Attributes of a Statutory Act of the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation in Administrative Proceedings
Authors:   Senior Prosecutor of the Legal Directorate of the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation PhD (Law), Artemenkov Vladimir K.
Published: November 2020

The article investigates the concept and trappings of normative legal acts of the Prosecutor General’s office of the Russian Federation, administrative cases on the challenge of which the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation considers as a court of first instance. The analysis is carried out of the correlation the concepts of «normative legal act of the Prosecutor General’s office of the Russian Federation» and «normative act of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation».
Conceptual Provisions of Two-Tier Administrative Liability in the Draft of a New Administrative Offense Code of the Russian Federation: To Be or Not to Be?
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Administrative and Financial Law of the Academy of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Zakopyrin Vladimir N. , Pavlova Lyudmila V. ,   Head of Research Center No. 1 of the Federal State Institution Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: November 2020

The article discusses a number of conceptual provisions of the legislation on administrative offenses, based on the analysis of the content of the first section of the current administrative code and the draft administrative code (prepared by the Ministry of Justice, project ID 02/04/05-20/00102447).
The Administrative Nature of a Unified Interrogation: Is It True?
Authors:   Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation Chief Research Scientist of the Federal State Institution Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia LL.D., Professor, Girko Sergey I.
Published: November 2020

In the article, the author analyzes the legal nature of the unified-simplified and accelerated inquiry, considering the specified form of pre-trial proceedings for crimes of a certain category and taking into account the signs of administrative misconduct and crime, first from the standpoint of administrative law and process, and then through the prism of criminal proceedings at various stages of the development of legislation of the Russian Empire and modern Russia, comes to the conclusion that the unified inquiry has a criminal procedural nature.
Gratitude to the Scientist and the Man (Recollections to the 95th Anniversary of Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, LL.D., Professor Ivan S. Samoschenko) (October 29, 1925 to June 17, 1992)
Authors:   Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation Chief Research Scientist of the Department of Administrative Law and Procedure of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation LL.D., Professor, Nozdrachev Aleksandr F.
Published: November 2020

The article is dedicated to researching of life journey and creative legacy professor I.S. Samoshchenko. Particular attention is paid to analyzing his theoretic researches of delicts, legal responsibility and protection of legal order. The article covers the contribution to the preparation of the most important legislative drafts.
Evaluation of PVA/Chitosan Cryogels as Potential Tissue Engineering Scaffolds; Synthesis, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity investigations
Authors: CEYLAN Seda , ALATEPELİ Burcu
Published: November 2020

Cryogelation has become an advantageous method to obtain macro-porous materials with well-defined, interconnected pores for tissue engineering applications. Herein, polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan polymers (PVA-CHI) were used to produce cryogel scaffolds via cryogelation. Glutaraldehyde was used as a crosslinking agent and the effect of crosslinking amount on the properties of scaffolds investigated. Glutaraldehyde amount was divided into 5, 10, and 15% total amount of polymer concentration. The optimized pore morphology was obtained as a scaffold containing 5% glutaraldehyde amount. In addition to the FTIR, SEM, swelling, and degradation analyses, mechanical tests were performed to present the characterization properties of the cryogels. Direct and indirect cytotoxicity test and genotoxicity experiments were performed with Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEF). In addition, cell morphologies on scaffolds were analyzed with SEM. The results showed that PVA-CHI based cryogels had no genotoxic and cytotoxic effects on MEF cells and have a potential for tissue engineering applications.
On IPTV live video coding rate of explore
Authors: Li Yuanlin
Published: November 2020

With the network of development new media of application have been fully integrated into to We of work and life. How to national?1.2BillionIPTVUser provide high quality of image service is Radio and Television New Media has been thinking Study of topic. The author through years of work experience and a large number of experimental data summarize and verify the to adapt to in IPTV live video rate of standard.
Diseño e implementación de un controlador de 6 grados de libertad, para el sistema GRACE.
Authors: Retana Calvo William Jesús
Published: November 2020

En este artículo el lector podrá obtener información sobre el escáner 3D de la Universidadde Groningen. El proceso de diseño incluyendo el control para el sistema con 6 grados delibertad, así como la luz que es regulada para tener datos limpios utilizando un algoritmo y unafuente de corriente constante es mostrado en el documento. La implementación y resultadosson mostrados, así entonces el lector puede analizar los materiales y métodos para futurasaplicaciones
СТАВОВИ СТУДЕНАТА СРБИСТИКЕ ПРЕМА ПЛАТФОРМАМА ЗА ЕЛЕКТРОНСКО УЧЕЊЕ (GOOGLE CLASSROOM И HANGOUTS MEET)
Authors: Новаковић Александар М. , Божић Снежана В.
Published: November 2020

Пандемија вируса 2019-nCОV током марта 2020. године захтевала је од наставника и сарадника на високошколским установама у Републици Србији премештање наставе из факултетских клупа у виртуелне учионице. Филозофски факултет у Нишу је, захваљујући Гугловом софтверском пакету за образовање, односно платформама за електронско учење – Google Classroom и Hangouts Meet, свој рад реорганизовао за свега један дан. У посебном положају нашле су се студије Србистике које, услед специфичне природе језичких и књижевних предмета, захтевају посебан ниво интеракције између наставника и студената. Стога је предмет овога рада испитивање ставова студената Србистике према платформама за електронско учење. Аутори су коришћењем методе теоријске анализе, технике анкетирања и специјално дизајнираног упитника показали да су студенти изузетно задовољни функционалношћу анализираних платформи, уз јасно указивање на њихове добре и лоше стране.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN STUDENT PARTICIPATION IN THE CLASSROOM AND THE CLASSROOM CLIMATE
Authors: Mithans Monika M. , Ivanuš Grmek Milena B.
Published: November 2020

The quality of school work greatly depends on the level of involvement and participation of all individuals in the educational process. However, student participation in the educational process has not yet become part of educational practice. This led us to research the effects of actively involving students into the educational process on their perception of class climate. The sample consisted of 58 students from primary and secondary schools. Using the Flanders Analysis of Classroom Interaction, we observed eight hours of classes in each classroom and found that secondary students are most actively involved, while the least active in class are the eight grade primary school students. After observation, the students filled out a questionnaire that helped us evaluate their views on the classroom climate. Surprisingly, the classroom climate received a higher evaluation in classes with lower student participation and lower in classes where student participation was higher.
Niepomijalność Prezesa Urzędu Zamówień Publicznych w zamówieniach publicznych
Authors: Kiczka Karol
Published: November 2020

Prawo zamówień publicznych jest częścią publicznego prawa gospodarczego, określaną w piśmiennictwie naukowym mianem prawa zarządu mieniem publicznym. Prawo zamówień publicznych z 2019 roku wzmacnia pozycję prawną Prezesa Urzędu w systemie zamówień publicznych w stosunku do stanu dotychczasowego. Niezależnie od tego do badanego porządku prawnego wprowadzono nowy organ administracji publicznej — Komitet do spraw Kontroli w Zamówieniach Publicznych. Wszystko to świadczy głównie o niepomijalności Prezesa Urzędu w zamówieniach publicznych w społecznej gospodarce rynkowej.
Niepomijalność standardów „dobrej administracji” w publicznym prawie gospodarczym
Authors: Popowska Bożena
Published: November 2020

Ustawa z dnia 6 marca 2018 roku Prawo przedsiębiorców zawiera katalog przepisów o charakterze głównie procesowym, nawiązujących do zasad ogólnych, unormowanych w kodeksie postępowania administracyjnego, traktowanych jako wzorzec „dobrej administracji”. Zamieszczone w tej ustawie zasady prawa dotyczące działania administracji publicznej mają szerszy zakres stosowania aniżeli sprawy podejmowania, wykonywania i zakończenia działalności gospodarczej. Można je uznać za zasady ogólne (procesowe), to jest doniosłe dla całego porządku publicznego prawa gospodarczego, a nie jedynie w sferze zadań państwa związanych z podejmowaniem, wykonywaniem i zakończeniem działalności gospodarczej.
Uwagi o międzywojennym prawie opieki nad zabytkami a model współczesny
Authors: Sługocki Janusz
Published: November 2020

Współczesny system ochrony zabytków w Polsce wywodzi się z rozwiązań przyjętych w okresie międzywojennym. Szczególne znaczenie przypisuje się uchwaleniu przez Radę Regencyjną dekretu o opiece nad zabytkami sztuki i kultury w 1918 roku. Dokument był pierwszym aktem prawnym dotyczącym opieki nad zabytkami i ochrony zabytków. Międzywojenny system prawny ochrony zabytków został ostatecznie ukształtowany przepisami rozporządzenia Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej o opiece nad zabytkami wydanego 6 marca 1928 roku. Obecnie w pełni należy potwierdzić pogląd o szczególnej, wręcz fundamentalnej, roli regulacji prawnych z okresu międzywojennego do budowy systemu prawa ochrony zabytków i opieki nad zabytkami. Do dziś aktualne są przede wszystkim problemy terminologiczne. W polskim systemie prawnym w odniesieniu do roli państwa wobec dziedzictwa kulturowego przyjęto trzy terminy o charakterze zbliżonym znaczeniowo: „strzeżenie”, „ochrona” i „opieka”. Należy zaznaczyć, że ostatnia ustawa (z dnia 23 marca 2003 roku) nadała pojęciu „opieka nad zabytkami” inne znaczenie niż przyjmowane w okresie międzywojennym. Dzisiaj, w XXI wieku, opieka nad zabytkiem jest sprawowana przez jego właściciela lub posiadacza i polega w szczególności na zapewnieniu odpowiednich warunków zachowania zabytku. Ponadto należy zauważyć, że podstawowe problemy, z którymi próbowano się uporać na początku ubiegłego stulecia, nadal nie są rozwiązane, co znajduje swoje odzwierciedlenie zarówno w literaturze przedmiotu, jak i w orzecznictwie.
Niepomijalna administracja publiczna jako miejsce spotkania prawa publicznego i prawa prywatnego w dobie transformacji prawa publicznego w Europie
Authors: Supernat Jerzy
Published: November 2020

Opracowanie przedstawia administrację publiczną jako miejsce spotkania prawa publicznego i prawa prywatnego, poświęcając szczególną uwagę dystynkcji między tymi gałęziami prawa oraz wyłanianiu i kształtowaniu się nowego prawa publicznego: prawa publicznego europejskiego.
A Quantitatively Derived NMAC Analog for Smaller Unmanned Aircraft Systems Based on Unmitigated Collision Risk
Authors: Weinert Andrew , Alvarez Luis , Owen Michael , Zintak Benjamin
Published: November 2020

The capability to avoid other air traffic is a fundamental component of the layered conflict management system to ensure safe and efficient operations in the National Airspace System. The evaluation of systems designed to mitigate the risk of midair collisions of manned aircraft are based on large-scale modeling and simulation efforts and a quantitative volume defined as a near midair collision (NMAC). Since midair collisions are difficult to observe in simulation and are inherently rare events, basing evaluations on NMAC enables a more robust statistical analysis. However, an NMAC and its underlying assumptions for assessing close encounters with manned aircraft do not adequately consider the different characteristics of smaller UAS-only encounters. The primary contribution of this paper is to explore quantitative criteria to use when simulating two or more smaller UASs in sufficiently close proximity that a midair collision might reasonably occur and without any mitigations to reduce the likelihood of a midair collision. The criteria assumes a historically motivated upper bound for the collision likelihood and subsequently identify the smallest possible NMAC analogs. We also demonstrate the NMAC analogs can be used to support modeling and simulation activities.
Sleep Stage Classification based on Two-Cycle Sleep Model Recognition using Continuous Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Ni Hongbo , GUO Mingzhe , Wang Ying
Published: November 2020

：Sleep stage on the whole night is not steady. Sleepers generally pass through three to five cycles. In each cycle, there are occur four typical sleep stages, such as wake stage (WS), light stage (LS), deep sleep (DS), rapid eye movement sleep stage (REM). According to the natural routine, in this paper, we investigate the stage transition and analyze the feature of stage transition using the local cluster Algorithm (LCA). Two-cycle sleep model (TCSM) is proposed to automatically classify sleep stages using over-night continuous heart rate variability (HRV) data. The generated model is based on the characteristics of the nested cycle's sleep stage distribution and the transition probabilities of sleep stages. Experiments were conducted using a public data set including 400 healthy subjects (female 239, male 161) and the model’s classification accuracy was evaluated for four sleep stages: WS, LS, DS, REM. The experimental results showed that based on the TCSM model, the segmentation classification of pure sleep is 5.2% higher than that of the traditional method, and the accuracy of segmentation classification is 11.2% higher than the traditional sleep staging accuracy. The experimental performance is promising in terms of the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity rates compared with the ones of the state-of-the-art methods. The study contributes to improve the quality of sleep monitoring in daily life using easy-to-wear HRV sensors.
The Return of Wooded Landscapes in Wales: An Exploration of Possible Post-Brexit Futures.
Authors: Manzoor Syed Amir , Griffiths Geoffrey , Rose David Christian , Lukac Martin
Published: November 2020

Changes in agricultural policy may have rapid impact even on landscapes which have taken millennia to form. Here we explore the potential of UK leaving the EU as a catalyst for profound changes in pastoral landscapes in Wales. Impending change of the trading regime governing agricultural produce, concurrent to public pressure to use agricultural subsidies for environmental goals, may lead to unforeseen consequences for Welsh natural environment. We employ a combination of change demand modelling and ‘story and simulation approach’ to predict the effect of five hypothetical scenarios on land use and land use change in Wales by 2030. We show that the most extreme trade scenario would result in a near-uniform distribution of broadleaf woodland across most of Wales. Abandonment of marginal and low productivity grazing would likely give way to afforestation, initiating a return to forested landscapes not seen in Wales for several thousands of years.
Real-World Effectiveness of Meropenem: Results of an Observational Study in 84 Colombian Patients
Authors: Garnica-Velandia Santiago , Adriana Aristizábal-Ruiz Luz , Alvarez-Moreno Carlos Arturo
Published: November 2020

Background. To determine the effectiveness and safety of meropenem in routine clinical practice, in terms of clinical and microbiological response. Methods. A real-world, observational, descriptive, longitudinal study with daily monitoring of clinical history records was conducted on all patients who were medically prescribed meropenem during a period between October 2015 and March 2016 at a university hospital in Bucaramanga (Colombia). Results. The study evaluated 84 patients with an average age of 63.2 years, mostly older adults with multiple comorbidities, of whom 54.8% were men. A positive clinical or microbiological response was obtained in 98.8% of the patients. At the end of the treatments, significant improvements in dysthermia (0% vs 29% at the beginning, p = 0.000), tachycardia (13% vs 47%, p = 0.049) and leukocytosis (39% vs 15% at the beginning, p = 0.008) were evidenced. The improvement in the indicator that combines all the SIRS criteria was also significant (p = 0.000). The treatment was well tolerated, although we identified some non-serious and expected adverse reactions. Conclusions. Generic meropenem proved to be effective and well tolerated for different types of infection in routine clinical practice. The results are consistent with the findings of the clinical studies with the innovator drug.
AmazonForest: In-silico Meta-Prediction of Pathogenic Variants
Authors: Palheta Helber , Gonçalves Wanderson Gonçalves , Brito Leonardo Miranda , Ribeiro dos Santos Arthur , Matsumoto Marlon , Ribeiro-dos-Santos Ândrea Kely , Araújo Gilderlanio Santana
Published: November 2020

ClinVar is a web platform that stores around 774k curated entries, which allows exploring genetic variants and their associations with complex phenotypes. A partial set of ClinVar’s genetic associations were reported with conflict of interpretation or uncertain clinical impact significance, which currently challenges clinicians and geneticists. Here, we evaluate the performance of data pre-processing methods combined with classical prediction methods, such as Naive Bayes, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine to build a meta-prediction model aiming to improve genetic pathogenicity interpretation. Models were trained with ClinVar data (September 2020), and genetic variants were annotated with eight functional impact predictors catalogued with SnpEff/SnpSift (v4.3). A 10-fold cross-validation strategy was performed for evaluation by accuracy, F1-Score, Receiver Operating Characteristic, Area Under Curve. The best meta-prediction model raises by combining one-hot encoding with tree-based classifiers as Random Forest, which shows Area Under Curve ≥ 0,93. We predict pathogenicity for 109k genetic variants, which were found labeled as uncertain significance or conflict of interpretation. Additionally, we implemented AmazonForest (https://www.lghm.ufpa.br/amazonforest), a web tool to query data for a set of 5k variants that were predicted with high pathogenic probability (RFprob >= 0.9).
BP’s Energy Outlook Foresees Big Shift for Oil Demand
Authors: Jacobs Trent
Published: November 2020

Last year, BP theorized that peak oil demand could occur by 2030. In a major shift, the international major says that peak demand may have already happened.

This is according to BP’s newly published Energy Outlook 2020 which outlines different scenarios that the company has developed to imagine how the global energy transition will unfold.

In two of these scenarios, a “rapid” transition case and a more aggressive “net-zero” case, the changing winds of the energy landscape coupled with the economic toll of the COVID-19 pandemic will mean that global crude demand never again surpasses 2019’s average of around 100 million B/D. Along these lines, the models suggest that 2019 could also mark the peak of carbon emissions from energy use.

To varying degrees both the rapid and net-zero scenarios assume that tighter government policies around emissions and increases in carbon pricing will accelerate the current growth trajectory of renewable installations. The biggest difference between the two is that the net-zero scenario expects energy consumers themselves will move the needle even more by changing their behaviors and energy-consumption preferences.

By 2050, these factors could lead global demand to be as low as 55 million B/D to 30 million B/D.

BP’s “business-as-usual” case holds as its underlying assumption that government policy, technology uptake/development, and consumer preferences will continue to evolve toward renewables at generally the same pace as we have seen in recent years.

Regardless, all three scenarios see the consumption of coal, oil, and natural gas dropping while the role of renewable energy is set to soar. The outlook highlights that fossil fuels accounted for 85% of primary energy demand in 2018 but that by 2050 they may represent only 65 to 20% of the share.

“This would be entirely unprecedented. In the modern history of energy, there has never been a sustained decline in the consumption of any traded fuel,” said Spencer Dale, the chief economist at BP.

As fossil fuels face diminishing demand, renewable sources of energy could all increase their share of the energy mix from 2018’s figure of 5% to between 20 and 60% by the end of the outlook’s 30-year time frame. Wind and solar are expected to represent the lion’s share of this growth. If that happens, Dale added that renewables would “penetrate the energy system more quickly than any fuel in modern history.”

BP’s outlook comes a month after the company announced during an earnings call with investors that it was attempting to shed its reputation as an international oil company and construct a new one as an integrated energy company that will spend $5 billion annually on low-carbon technologies while also setting a target to reduce its overall oil and gas production by 40% by 2030.
Morbidity profile and prevalence of diabetes and high blood pressure among truck drivers in three regions of India
Authors: Randhawa Sonali , Dogra Vishal , Bambrah Hardeep Singh , Hegde Shailendra , Sudke Ajit Kisanrao , Phanse Vishal
Published: November 2020

Background Truck drivers in India are one of the groups experiencing a disproportionate health burden. Understanding the distribution of morbidities is essential to plan and mitigate the risk of premature mortality among this subgroup. Paperaims to describe the health morbidities and prevalence of diabetes and high blood pressure among truck drivers in three regions of India. Methods Data were routinely collected from a community-based healthcare program for truck drivers. Electronic medical health records (July 2018 to February 2019) of truck drivers were accessed and analyzed. The sociodemographic, health risk and morbidity profile of the truck drivers with an emphasis on diabetes, and high blood pressure in East, West, and South, regions of India were studied. Significance level was reported at p-values less than 0.05. Results A total of 15725 truck drivers were identified, of which 10247 (65%) were from the south region alone. Majority of truck drivers were male and middle-aged (median age 44 years). Over two-third (>62%) truck drivers in all regions were tobacco users. Half of the truck drivers reported smoking in the South (53%) compared to smokeless tobacco use in the West (53%) and East (41%) regions. Alcohol use alone and both alcohol and tobacco use were significantly lower in the West (23%, 15%) compared to the East (51%, 50%) and South (68%, 52%) regions. A significant number of truck drivers were either overweight 3485 (22%) or obese 6772 (49%). The prevalence of obesity among truck drivers ranged 55% in the South and 47% in the East compared to 32% in the West region. Of all truck drivers, 6991 (44%) had non-communicable diseases; 3350 (21%) had musculoskeletal conditions, and 1954 (12%) were suffering from communicable diseases. The prevalence of diabetes differed significantly in the three regions (p<0.05). Nearly half of the truck drivers (7326/15725) 47% had high blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mm Hg) and regional differences were not significant.Conclusions Truck drivers in India suffer from multiple health and lifestyle-related diseases. Early identification of high risk and tailored behavioral and occupational interventions are needed urgently.
Quality of Life of Women from Families of Martyred Individuals in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq as a Conflict Area in the Middle East 
Authors: Ahmed Hamdia Mirkhan
Published: November 2020

Background: Quality of life (QOL) research develops data and insight into issues that pertain not only to the individual, but that can also apply to the population as a whole. This study aimed to analyze the QOL of Kurdish women from families of martyred individuals in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 380 women from families of martyred individuals was conducted. All women were patients at the Medical Center of Martyr Families in Erbil City from January 2018 to April 2019. Data were collected through interviews and the WHOQOL-BREF scale was used to measure QOL. The women’s QOL scores were divided into four categories (i.e., quartiles): 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartile. Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-Square tests were used for data Analysis. Results: The women’s QOL scores fell into the following quartiles: Overall QOL and General Health (n=66.6%) in the 1st quartile, Physical and Psychological Health (n=56.9%) in the 2nd quartile, Social Relationships (n=47.9%) in the 3rd quartile, Environmental health (n=85.6%) in the 2nd and 3rd quartile. The total QOL of more than half (n=52.1%) of the women studied were in 1st and 2nd quartiles. Conclusion: Women from families of martyred individuals were not satisfied with their QOL, especially in terms of Physical and Psychological Domains. International political and humanitarian actions are needed to reduce the destructive consequences of war and conflict on these suffering women.
Education as A Moderator in the Effect of Successful Aging on Mortality Risk in Different Genders of Elderly Chinese: a National Longitudinal Study (2011-2016)
Authors: Cao Peiya , Luo Huiqiang , Li Jijie , Ren Xiaohui
Published: November 2020

Background Plenty of evidence has found that successful aging and its components were significantly associated with older adults’ health, their achievement has a positive effect on reducing mortality rates. However, it is unclear whether education could modify the effect of successful aging on morality risk. Numerous literatures from worldwide were cross-sectional and previous studies on the association between successful aging and mortality in China were quite few. Methods Using four waves (2011-2012, 2013-2014, 2014-2015, 2015-2016) of a large nationally representative survey in China derived from CHARLS (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study) with 4,824 older adults aged 60 and older, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of successful aging and each of its components on mortality risk of different gender of older adults in China, we further discussed whether education was a moderator in this effect and investigated differences in results among males and females. Successful aging was measured by absence of major diseases, freedom from disability, high cognitive function, no depressive symptoms, and active social engagement in life. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate the education's moderate effect on the relationship between successful aging and mortality after controlling a rich set of covariates that included demographics, socioeconomic status, and health behaviors.Results We found that 15.18% (n=367) for males and 15.74% (n=379) for females were defined as successful aging and the mortality were 2.61% (n=63) for males and 3.45% (n=83) for females during the survey. The overall prevalence of successful aging in both genders were12.5% (n=603) and the overall mortality rate was 3.03% (n=146).It is the first longitudinal study using national cohort data to research the educational effects on the association between mortality and successful aging, our study showed that the effect only existed in females aged 65-74 years old group with lower education.Conclusions Education has the significant effect on the relationship between successful aging and mortality. Physical health is significantly associated with the achieving of successful aging among young older. More measures should be paid on improving mental health among the young female older with lower education to achieve successful aging and to against mortality and live longevity.
Effects of Different Prosthetic Instrumentations on Tibial Bone Resection in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Lu Yufeng , Yuan Xuechao , Qiao Feng , Hao Yangquan
Published: November 2020

Objective For total knee arthroplasty (TKA) tibial bone resection, various manufacturers provide cutting blocks with fixed angles. But the accuracy of these angles is uncertain. Our aim was to assess the accuracy of the obtained posterior tibial slope (PTS) with a fixed angle cutting block.Methods 247 TKAs in 213 patients were reviewed. We included 104 Legion Prosthesis, 76 U2 Knee Prosthesis, 46 NexGen LPS-Flex Prosthesis, and 21 Vanguard Knee System products. Preoperative and postoperative PTS were measured via expanded lateral tibia radiographs. The tibial component coronal alignment angle (TCCA) was measured on postoperative standing full-length anteroposterior radiographs, and the tibia length was measured on preoperative standing full-length radiographs. Results For postoperative PTS, the Legion group had significantly smaller slopes than the U2 Knee group and Vanguard group. However, there was no significant difference between the Legion and NexGen groups, and no significant difference among the NexGen, U2 Knee, and Vanguard groups. One sample t-test indicated that only the NexGen group showed no statistical difference from the 7° PTS and 90° TCCA it aimed to provide. Multiple linear regression showed that the different tibial lengths and preoperative PTS had statistically significant effect on postoperative PTS. However, there were weak correlations between the tibial length and PTS, and between preoperative and postoperative PTS.Conclusion For TKA, using conventional tibial bone resection technology with different tibial cutting instrumentations provided by various manufacturers can obtain safe PTS. However, the PTS is not completely consistent with the angle of the cutting block.
LncRNA PVT1 Mediated by ZFP36L2 Regulates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Attenuates Mitochondrial Fusion and Fission via Activating miR-21-5p/MARCH5 Axis
Authors: Huang Weifeng , Tan Qin , Guo Yong , Cao Yongmei , Shang Jiawei , Wu Fang , Ping Feng , Wang Wei , Li Yingchuan
Published: November 2020

BackgroundAmong several leading cardiovascular disorders, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causes severe manifestations including acute heart failure, inflammation, and systemic dysfunction. Recently, there has been increasing evidence suggesting that alterations in mitochondrial morphology play a role in the prognoses of cardiac disorders. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) form major regulatory networks to modify gene transcription and translation. While several roles of lncRNAs have been explored in cancer and tumor biology, their implications on mitochondrial morphology and functions remain to be elucidated. MethodsThe functional roles of ZFP36L2 and lncRNA PVT1 were determined by a series of cardiomyocyte hypoxia/ reoxygenation (H/R) in vitro and myocardial I/R injury in vivo experiments. Quantitative Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis were used to detect the mRNA levels of ZFP36L2 and mitochondrial fission and fusion markers in the myocardial tissues and cardiomyocyte. Cardiac function was determined by immunohistochemistry, H&E, Masson’s staining and echocardiogram. Ultrastructural analysis of mitochondrial fission was performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mechanistic model of PVT1 with ZFP36L2 and miR-21-5p with MARCH5 was detected by subcellular fraction, RNA pull down, FISH, and luciferase reporter assays.ResultsIn this study, we report a novel regulatory axis involving lncRNA PVT1, microRNA miR-21-5p, and E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH5, which alters mitochondrial morphology during myocardial I/R injury. Using an in vivo I/R injury mouse model and in vitro cardiomyocyte H/R model, we observed that zinc finger protein ZFP36L2 directly associated with PVT1 and altered mitochondrial fission and fusion. PVT1 also interacted with miR-21-5p and suppressed its expression and activity. Furthermore, we identified MARCH5 as a modifier of miR-21-5p, and expression of MARCH5 and its effect on mitochondrial fission and fusion were directly proportional to PVT1 expression during H/R injury. ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that manipulation of PVT1-miR-21-5p-MARCH5-mediated mitochondrial fission and fusion via ZFP36L2 may be a novel therapeutic approach to regulate myocardial I/R injury.
Gentian Violet modulates cytokines levels in mice spleen toward an anti-inflammatory profile
Authors: Jbeili Salam , Rima Mohamad , Annous Abdul Rahman , Berro Abdo Ibrahim , Fajloun Ziad , Karam Marc
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Gentian Violet (GV) is a triphenylmethane industrial dye that is known for its antibacterial, antiviral, anti-helminthic and anti-tumor effects. Although many studies focused on determining the biological and pharmacological applications of GV, its exact effect on the immune response has not been elucidated yet.Methods: In this study, we investigate the immunomodulatory effects of GV in BALB/c mice after intraperitoneal injection of the dye by assessing cytokines levels in the spleen.Results: Our data show that GV-treated mice have decreased level of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) and increased level of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4) in their spleens. In addition, IFN-γ that can modulate pro-inflammatory cytokine production was upregulated in GV-treated mice. Conclusion: Together, these findings suggest an anti-inflammatory activity of GV that warrant further studies investigating the potential of GV in immunotherapy.
CircFAM114A2 Inhibits Bladder Cancer Proliferation and Promotes Cisplatin Sensitivity via the miR-222-3p/P27 and miR-146a-5p/P21 Cascades
Authors: Lv Jiancheng , Zhou Zijian , Wang Jingzi , Yang Xiao , Yu Hao , Han Jie , Feng Dexiang , Yuan Baorui , Wu Qikai , Li Pengchao , Lu Qiang , Yang Haiwei
Published: November 2020

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that have the structure of a covalently closed loop. Increasing data has proved that circRNA can influence the development and progression of tumors. CircFAM114A2 is generated from several exons of FAM114A2. However, the function and mechanisms of circFAM114A2 in bladder cancer (BCa) remain unclear. This research aimed to reveal that circFAM114A2 inhibits bladder cancer progression and improves sensitivity of cisplatin chemotherapy by inducing G1/S cell cycle arrest via novel miR-222-3p/P27 and miR-146a-5p/P21 cascades.Methods: Here, to elucidate the potential roles of circFAM114A2 in BCa, we conducted RNA-sequencing on 5 pairs of BCa samples and screened for circRNAs. CircRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs, as well as levels of P27 and P21, in human cells and tissues were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. CircRNA-miRNA interactions and miRNA-downstream mRNAs interactions were investigated by RNA pull-down assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or luciferase reporter assays, respectively. Then, the function of circFAM114A2 in BCa was explored using cell proliferation, cell cycle and tumorigenesis assays in nude mice. Finally, the function of circFAM114A2 in cisplatin chemo-sensitivity in BCa was detected by IC50 and tumor formation of xenograft in cisplatin-treated nude mice. Results: We discovered that circFAM114A2 levels were decreased in BCa cell lines and tissues. According to follow-up data, BCa patients with higher circFAM114A2 expression had better survival. Importantly, the levels of circFAM114A2 were associated with the histological grade of BCa. Overexpression of circFAM114A2 inhibited cell proliferation and increased sensitivity to cisplatin chemotherapy. Mechanistically, circFAM114A2 directly sponged miR-222-3p/miR-146a-5p and subsequently influenced the expression of the downstream target genes P27/P21, which, in turn, inhibited progression of BCa.Conclusions: CircFAM114A2 acted as a tumor suppressor through a novel circFAM114A2/miR-222-3p/P27 and circFAM114A2/miR-146a-5p/P21 pathway. CircFAM1142 has therefore great potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for BCa.