bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single-Mode, Narrow Band Photon Source Using SPDC for Hybrid Quantum Systems
Authors: Mueller Lisa , Hashley Jeremiah
Published: June 2024

Generating single-mode, narrow-band photons with high purity and brightness has proven to be difficult. Researchers at the University of Vienna have designed a photon source using Spontaneous Parametric
Down-Conversion (SPDC) with a doubly resonant Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) utilizing an additional birefringent crystal to tune clusters independent of SPDC phase-matching. Achieving the doubly resonant condition in the OPO that enables a single mode is the challenge when creating a photon source with both single-mode and narrow-bandwidth. This is resolved here, as the resulting photon source has a bandwidth of 10.9 MHz to match the linewidths of atomic transitions. The source also produces single mode photon pairs at a rate of 47.5 Hz without mode filters reducing loss in the system. This novel design enables research and applications in the quantum realm using hybrid light-matter interactions.
Photon number distribution of squeezed light from a silicon nitride microresonator measured without photon number resolving detectors
Authors: Brusaschi Emanuele , Borghi Massimo , Bacchi Marcello , Liscidini Marco , Galli Matteo , Bajoni Daniele
Published: June 2024

The measurement of the photon number distribution (PND) allows one to
extract metrics of non-classicality of fundamental and technological
relevance, but in principle it requires the use of detectors with
photon number resolving (PNR) capabilities. In this work we
reconstruct the PND of two-mode pulsed squeezed light generated from a
silicon nitride microresonator using threshold detectors and variable
optical attenuations. The PNDs are characterized up to ∼1.2
photons per pulse, through which we extracted an on-chip squeezing
level of 6.2(2) dB and a noise reduction factor of −3.8(2) dB.
The PNDs are successfully reconstructed up to a Hilbert space
dimension of 6 × 6. The analysis performed on the
photon number basis allows us to characterize the influence of a
spurious thermal background field that spoils the photon number
correlations. We evaluate the impact of self- and cross-phase
modulation on the generation efficiency in case of a pulsed pump, and
validate the results through numerical simulations of the master
equation of the system.
Metabolic reprogramming during Candida albicans planktonic-biofilm transition is modulated by the transcription factors Zcf15 and Zcf26
Authors: Rai Laxmi Shanker , Chauvel Murielle , Sanchez Hiram , van Wijlick Lasse , Maufrais Corinne , Cokelaer Thomas , Sertour Natacha , Legrand Mélanie , Sanyal Kaustuv , Andes David R. , Bachellier-Bassi Sophie , d’Enfert Christophe
Published: June 2024

Candida albicans is a commensal of the human microbiota that can form biofilms on implanted medical devices. These biofilms are tolerant to antifungals and to the host immune system. To identify novel genes modulating C. albicans biofilm formation, we performed a large-scale screen with 2,454 C. albicans doxycycline-dependent overexpression strains and identified 16 genes whose overexpression significantly hampered biofilm formation. Among those, overexpression of the ZCF15 and ZCF26 paralogs that encode transcription factors and have orthologs only in biofilm-forming species of the Candida clade, caused impaired biofilm formation both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, overexpression of ZCF15 impeded biofilm formation without any defect in hyphal growth. Transcript profiling, transcription factor binding, and phenotypic microarray analyses conducted upon overexpression of ZCF15 and ZCF26 demonstrated their role in reprogramming cellular metabolism by regulating central metabolism including glyoxylate and tricarboxylic acid cycle genes. Taken together, this study has identified a new set of biofilm regulators, including ZCF15 and ZCF26, that appear to control biofilm development through their specific role in metabolic remodeling.
Involvement of community health workers in the COVID-19 pandemic response in Uganda: A qualitative study
Authors: Musoke David , Jonga Micheal , Ndagire Gloria Kisakye , Musasizi Benon , Gidebo Amanuel , Tolossa Asrat , Thomas Maya , Waiswa Peter , Rumsey Richard
Published: June 2024

Community Health Workers (CHWs) are a key human resource for health particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In many parts of the world, CHWs are known to have played an instrumental role in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. This study explored the involvement of CHWs in the COVID-19 response in Uganda. A qualitative study that involved 10 focus group discussions (FGDs) among CHWs was conducted. The study was carried out in 5 districts of Amuria, Karenga, Kamwenge, Bugiri and Pader. The FGD guide used explored the role of CHWs in the COVID-19 response in their communities including lived experiences, challenges, and coping mechanisms. The data were analyzed thematically with the support of NVivo version 12 pro (QSR International). CHWs were at the frontline of COVID-19 prevention interventions at households and in the community. CHWs raised awareness on prevention measures including wearing face masks, hand hygiene, and social distancing. They identified suspected cases such as new members entering the community, as well as individuals returning from abroad with signs and symptoms of COVID-19. CHWs mobilized the community and increased awareness on COVID-19 vaccination which played an important role in reducing misinformation. They also supported home-based management of mild COVID-19 cases through isolation of patients; provided health and nutritional guidance among patients in their homes; and referred suspected cases to health facilities for testing and management. Both monetary and non-monetary incentives were provided to support CHWs in the COVID-19 response. However, the adequacy and timing of the incentives were inadequate. Routine services of CHWs such as health promotion and treatment of childhood illnesses were disrupted during the pandemic. CHWs played an instrumental role in response to the pandemic especially on surveillance, risk communication, and observance of preventing measures. Strategies to ensure that routine services of CHWs are not disrupted during pandemics are needed.
A machine learning approach for differentiating bipolar disorder type II and borderline personality disorder using electroencephalography and cognitive abnormalities
Authors: Nazari Mohammad-Javad , Shalbafan Mohammadreza , Eissazade Negin , Khalilian Elham , Vahabi Zahra , Masjedi Neda , Ghidary Saeed Shiry , Saadat Mozafar , Sadegh-Zadeh Seyed-Ali
Published: June 2024

This study addresses the challenge of differentiating between bipolar disorder II (BD II) and borderline personality disorder (BPD), which is complicated by overlapping symptoms. To overcome this, a multimodal machine learning approach was employed, incorporating both electroencephalography (EEG) patterns and cognitive abnormalities for enhanced classification. Data were collected from 45 participants, including 20 with BD II and 25 with BPD. Analysis involved utilizing EEG signals and cognitive tests, specifically the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Integrated Cognitive Assessment. The k-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm achieved a balanced accuracy of 93%, with EEG features proving to be crucial, while cognitive features had a lesser impact. Despite the strengths, such as diverse model usage, it’s important to note limitations, including a small sample size and reliance on DSM diagnoses. The study suggests that future research should explore multimodal data integration and employ advanced techniques to improve classification accuracy and gain a better understanding of the neurobiological distinctions between BD II and BPD.
Neural correlates underlying local and global processing during visual search across adulthood
Authors: Doucet Gaelle , Kruse Jordanna A. , Hamlin Noah , Peyrin Carole , Poirel Nicolas
Published: June 2024

Visual processing relies on the identification of both local and global features of visual stimuli. While well investigated at the behavioral level, the underlying brain mechanisms are less clear, especially in the context of aging. Using fMRI, we aimed to investigate the neural correlates underlying local and global processing in early and late adulthood. We recruited 77 healthy adults aged 19–77 who completed a visual search task based on 2-level hierarchical stimuli made of squares and/or circles. Participants were instructed to detect a target (a square) at either a local (small) or global (large) level of a hierarchical geometrical form, in the presence or absence of other hierarchical geometrical forms (distractors). At the behavioral level, we revealed high accuracy for all participants, but older participants were slower to detect local targets, specifically in presence of distractors. At the brain level, while both local and global processing were associated with occipital activation, local processing also recruited the anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, that are core regions of the salience network. However, while the presence of distractors in the local condition elicited specifically stronger activation within the right anterior insula for the young group, it was not observed for older participants. In addition, older participants showed less activation than younger participants in the occipital cortex, especially for the most complex conditions. Our findings suggest that the brain correlates underlying local and global processing change with aging, especially for complex visual patterns. These results are discussed in terms of top-down reduction effects from the salience network on primary visual areas, that may lead to specific difficulties to process local visual details in older adults.
Performance of aging consumers in an e-commerce product choice task: The role of working memory and decision strategies
Authors: Rydzewska Klara , Nielek Radosław , Pawłowska Justyna , Wierzbicki Adam , Sedek Grzegorz
Published: June 2024

Over the past two decades, there has been a growing interest in research on aging and the decision-making behavior of older consumers. The subject of this article is multi-attribute decisions made using product comparison, a widely used functionality of many e-commerce stores. Studies on cognitive aging have established a negative relationship between age and accuracy in multi-attribute choice tasks; however, works in informatics (Human-Computer Interaction, UX research) have not accounted for how individual user differences affect the optimality of users’ product comparison decisions. Our work attempts to bridge this gap between the disciplines of psychology of aging and informatics. We predicted and confirmed, in an online study simulating e-commerce shopping, the strong limitations of older adults in product comparison tasks. In subsequent modeling, other individual characteristics, such as visual working memory, were predicted and shown to be a reliable mediator of the relationship between age and decision accuracy. Popular product comparison tables are not sufficient for older consumers. Despite following UX guidelines for designing product comparison tables, overall correctness of consumer decisions in our study ranged from 90% to as little as 30%, depending on the difficulty of the task and the age of the consumer. These findings have important practical implications for UX design of e-commerce Websites.
Incidence, demographics, characteristics and management of acute Achilles tendon rupture: An epidemiological study
Authors: Briggs-Price Samuel , Mangwani Jitendra , Houchen-Wolloff Linzy , Modha Gayatri , Fitzpatrick Emma , Faizi Murtaza , Shepherd Jenna , O’Neill Seth
Published: June 2024

Background

Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) account for 10.7% of all tendon and ligament injuries and causes lasting muscular deficits and have a profound impact on patients’ quality of life. The incidence, characteristics and management of ATR in the United Kingdom (UK) is poorly understood. This investigation aims to understand the incidence of ATR in the UK.

Methods

Prospective data collection of ATR incidence from a United Kingdom Emergency department. Retrospective review of management protocols and immobilisation duration from electronic medical records.

Results

ATR incidence is 8 per 100,000 people per annum. Participants were predominately male (79.2%) and primarily reported a sporting mechanism of injury (65.2%). Mean immobilisation duration was 63.1 days. 97.1% were non-surgically managed post ATR. 46.2% of participants had experienced a previous ATR or Achilles tendinopathy prior to their current ATR.

Conclusion

The incidence of ATR found was 8. cases per 100,000 people per annum. Most ATR were managed non-surgically in this cohort. The majority of ruptures occurred during sporting activity. Almost one quarter (23.3%) of individuals report Achilles pain prior to ATR.
Regulatory mechanism of vulnerability disclosure behavior considering security crowd-testing: An evolutionary game analysis
Authors: Zhao Liurong , Yu Xiaoxi , Zhou Xinyu
Published: June 2024

The security crowd-testing regulatory mechanism is a vital means to promote collaborative vulnerability disclosure. However, existing regulatory mechanisms have not considered multi-agent responsibility boundaries and stakeholders’ conflicts of interest, leading to their dysfunction. Distinguishing from previous research on the motivations and constraints of ethical hacks’ vulnerability disclosure behaviors from a legal perspective, this paper constructs an evolutionary game model of SRCs, security researchers, and the government from a managerial perspective to propose regulatory mechanisms promoting tripartite collaborative vulnerability disclosure. The results show that the higher the initial willingness of the three parties to choose the collaborative strategy, the faster the system evolves into a stable state. Regarding the government’s incentive mechanism, establishing reward and punishment mechanisms based on effective thresholds is essential. However, it is worth noting that the government has an incentive to adopt such mechanisms only if it receives sufficient regulatory benefits. To further facilitate collaborative disclosure, Security Response Centers (SRC) should establish incentive mechanisms including punishment and trust mechanisms. Additionally, publicity and training mechanisms for security researchers should be introduced to reduce their revenue from illegal participation, which promotes the healthy development of security crowd-testing. These findings contribute to improving SRCs’ service quality, guiding security researchers’ legal participation, enhancing the government’s regulatory effectiveness, and ultimately establishing a multi-party collaborative vulnerability disclosure system.
Feasibility of the “Preventing functional decline in acutely hospitalized older patients (PREV_FUNC)” study—A three-armed randomized controlled pilot trial
Authors: Sandberg Linda , Boström Anne-Marie , Hagströmer Maria , Lindgren Charlotte , Kivipelto Miia , Sandlund Christina , Welmer Anna-Karin
Published: June 2024

Background

Recent studies indicate that in-hospital exercise can mitigate the risk of functional decline in acutely hospitalized older adults. However, there is a lack of studies that compare different types of exercise interventions. This feasibility study was conducted in preparation for a three-armed randomized controlled trial. The aim was to examine the process feasibility (in terms of recruitment and retention rate, intervention compliance and acceptability), and scientific feasibility (in terms of presence of adverse events, and trends with 95% confidence intervals of the outcome measures) of the trial.

Methods

Patients aged ≥75 years, were included from geriatric medical wards at three hospitals in Stockholm, Sweden. Participants in two groups received a specialized intervention program, i.e., Simple or Comprehensive exercise program, respectively and one group received usual care. Assessments were conducted at hospital admission and discharge, and data were analyzed with descriptive statistics.

Results

In the spring 2022, 63 patients met the inclusion criteria and 39 accepted to participate (recruitment rate: 61.9%). COVID-19 affected the inclusion period. A total of 33 participants completed the study (i.e., were assessed at baseline and discharge, retention rate: 84.6%). Participants in the Simple and the Comprehensive exercise programs performed 88.9% and 80% of the possible training sessions, respectively. Both interventions were accepted by the participants and no adverse events were reported. The intervention groups showed a higher median change from admission to discharge than the control group on the Short Physical Performance Battery, the main outcome measure of the trial.

Conclusion

The result of this pilot study suggests that the trial design is feasible and potentially useful for preventing functional decline in acutely hospitalized older adults. A full-scale trial will, however, require some considerations with respect to routines and logistics. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, 4 May 2022, registration number NCT05366075.
Digital cloning of online social networks for language-sensitive agent-based modeling of misinformation spread
Authors: Puri Prateek , Hassler Gabriel , Katragadda Sai , Shenk Anton
Published: June 2024

We develop a simulation framework for studying misinformation spread within online social networks that blends agent-based modeling and natural language processing techniques. While many other agent-based simulations exist in this space, questions over their fidelity and generalization to existing networks in part hinder their ability to drive policy-relevant decision making. To partially address these concerns, we create a ’digital clone’ of a known misinformation sharing network by downloading social media histories for over ten thousand of its users. We parse these histories to both extract the structure of the network and model the nuanced ways in which information is shared and spread among its members. Unlike many other agent-based methods in this space, information sharing between users in our framework is sensitive to topic of discussion, user preferences, and online community dynamics. To evaluate the fidelity of our method, we seed our cloned network with a set of posts recorded in the base network and compare propagation dynamics between the two, observing reasonable agreement across the twin networks over a variety of metrics. Lastly, we explore how the cloned network may serve as a flexible, low-cost testbed for misinformation countermeasure evaluation and red teaming analysis. We hope the tools explored here augment existing efforts in the space and unlock new opportunities for misinformation countermeasure evaluation, a field that may become increasingly important to consider with the anticipated rise of misinformation campaigns fueled by generative artificial intelligence.
A joint model for the estimation of species distributions and environmental characteristics from point-referenced data
Authors: Viljanen Markus , Tostrams Lisa , Schoffelen Niels , van de Kassteele Jan , Marshall Leon , Moens Merijn , Beukema Wouter , Wamelink Wieger
Published: June 2024

Background

Predicting and explaining species occurrence using environmental characteristics is essential for nature conservation and management. Species distribution models consider species occurrence as the dependent variable and environmental conditions as the independent variables. Suitable conditions are estimated based on a sample of species observations, where one assumes that the underlying environmental conditions are known. This is not always the case, as environmental variables at broad spatial scales are regularly extrapolated from point-referenced data. However, treating the predicted environmental conditions as accurate surveys of independent variables at a specific point does not take into account their uncertainty.

Methods

We present a joint hierarchical Bayesian model where models for the environmental variables, rather than a set of predicted values, are input to the species distribution model. All models are fitted together based only on point-referenced observations, which results in a correct propagation of uncertainty. We use 50 plant species representative of the Dutch flora in natural areas with 8 soil condition predictors taken during field visits in the Netherlands as a case study. We compare the proposed model to the standard approach by studying the difference in associations, predicted maps, and cross-validated accuracy.

Findings

We find that there are differences between the two approaches in the estimated association between soil conditions and species occurrence (correlation 0.64-0.84), but the predicted maps are quite similar (correlation 0.82-1.00). The differences are more pronounced in the rarer species. The cross-validated accuracy is substantially better for 5 species out of the 50, and the species can also help to predict the soil characteristics. The estimated associations tend to have a smaller magnitude with more certainty.

Conclusion

These findings suggests that the standard model is often sufficient for prediction, but effort should be taken to develop models which take the uncertainty in the independent variables into account for interpretation.
Evidence-based nursing practice and improving pediatric patient care outcomes in the prevention of infection transmission: Emergency department findings
Authors: Khraisat Omar Mohammad Ali , Al-Bashaireh Ahmad M.
Published: June 2024

Background

Reducing the risk of infection transmission by getting emergency care for pediatric patients is a challenging task.

Aim

The study aim was to assess emergency nurses’ readiness to provide care for pediatric patients with infectious diseases.

Method

Two hundred Jordanian emergency department nurses were surveyed using a descriptive design.

Results

The study revealed that insufficient safety and infection control procedures were put into place, starting with family support to allow nurses to work 145 (78%), family care plans intended to assist caregivers 139 (74.7%), the availability of respiratory protection and a backup plan for standard precautions, training requirements, and equipment 131 (70.4%), create a unit pandemic safety strategy 124 (66.7%), have a plan for emergencies for at-risk staff 116 (62.4%), have a hospital pandemic safety plan 113 (60.8%), manage inventory 102 (54.8%), use reuse guidelines if there will be severe shortages 99 (53.2%), create a strategy for nurses’ access to healthcare for themselves and their families 96 (51.6%), and end with any required system updates for new policies 88 (47.3%). Staff nurses made up a large proportion of participants (145; 78%; 115; 62.8%) who said they lacked experience with care for pediatric patients with infectious illnesses who were critically sick. A 62.8% of nurses reported they did not have training in infectious disease emergency prevention and control for pediatric patients. What nurses prioritize it was determined that the concept of crisis standards of care (34.9%) was the most important educational topic for training emergency room nurses to care for pediatric patients who are critically ill with infectious infections, while the clarity of communication pathways was ranked lowest.

Conclusion

More training and support are needed for emergency room nurses to properly care for children’s patients with infectious illnesses.
Spatial and life history variation in a trait-based species vulnerability and impact model
Authors: Fleury Aharon G. , O’Hara Casey C. , Butt Nathalie , Restrepo Jaime , Halpern Benjamin S. , Klein Carissa J. , Kuempel Caitlin D. , Gaynor Kaitlyn M. , Bentley Lily K. , Richardson Anthony J. , Dunn Daniel C.
Published: June 2024

Anthropogenic pressures threaten biodiversity, necessitating conservation actions founded on robust ecological models. However, prevailing models inadequately capture the spatiotemporal variation in environmental pressures faced by species with high mobility or complex life histories, as data are often aggregated across species’ life histories or spatial distributions. We highlight the limitations of static models for dynamic species and incorporate life history variation and spatial distributions for species and stressors into a trait-based vulnerability and impact model. We use green sea turtles in the Greater Caribbean Region to demonstrate how vulnerability and anthropogenic impact for a dynamic species change across four life stages. By incorporating life stages into a trait-based vulnerability model, we observed life stage-specific vulnerabilities that were otherwise unnoticed when using an aggregated trait value set. Early life stages were more vulnerable to some stressors, such as inorganic pollution or marine heat waves, and less vulnerable to others, such as bycatch. Incorporating spatial distributions of stressors and life stages revealed impacts differ for each life stage across spatial areas, emphasizing the importance of stage-specific conservation measures. Our approach showcases the importance of incorporating dynamic processes into ecological models and will enable better and more targeted conservation actions for species with complex life histories and high mobility.
PoRVA G9P[23] and G5P[7] infections differentially promote PEDV replication by reprogramming glutamine metabolism
Authors: Liu Haixin , Tian Haolun , Hao Pengcheng , Du Huimin , Wang Kun , Qiu Yudong , Yin Xiangrui , Wu Nana , Du Qian , Tong Dewen , Huang Yong
Published: June 2024

PoRVA and PEDV coinfections are extremely common in clinical practice. Although coinfections of PoRVA and PEDV are known to result in increased mortality, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we found that PoRVA infection promoted PEDV infection in vivo and in vitro and that PoRVA G9P[23] (RVA-HNNY strain) enhanced PEDV replication more significantly than did PoRVA G5P[7] (RVA-SXXA strain). Metabolomic analysis revealed that RVA-HNNY more efficiently induced an increase in the intracellular glutamine content in porcine small intestinal epithelial cells than did RVA-SXXA, which more markedly promoted ATP production to facilitate PEDV replication, whereas glutamine deprivation abrogated the effect of PoRVA infection on promoting PEDV replication. Further studies showed that PoRVA infection promoted glutamine uptake by upregulating the expression of the glutamine transporter protein SLC1A5. In SLC1A5 knockout cells, PoRVA infection neither elevated intracellular glutamine nor promoted PEDV replication. During PoRVA infection, the activity and protein expression levels of glutamine catabolism-related enzymes (GLS1 and GLUD1) were also significantly increased promoting ATP production through glutamine anaplerosis into the TCA cycle. Consistent with that, siRNAs or inhibitors of GLS1 and GLUD1 significantly inhibited the promotion of PEDV replication by PoRVA. Notably, RVA-HNNY infection more markedly promoted SLC1A5, GLS1 and GLUD1 expression to more significantly increase the uptake and catabolism of glutamine than RVA-SXXA infection. Collectively, our findings illuminate a novel mechanism by which PoRVA infection promotes PEDV infection and reveal that the modulation of glutamine uptake is key for the different efficiencies of PoRVA G9P[23] and PoRVA G5P[7] in promoting PEDV replication.
The Jarring Affects of Participatory Practice: A more-than-human reappraisal of the Linnentown Mosaic Project (LMP)
Authors: Sanders-Bustle Lynn
Published: June 2024

Using affect theory as a guiding theoretical frame, in this article a university artist/educator explores how participation in a socially engaged public art project might be rethought through jarring. Jarring refers to the use of jars as an artistic material and metaphor for participation which led to an installation titled, The Jarring Affects of Participatory Practice. Comprising 150 glass jars, the installation served as an iterative reappraisal of participatory art through the creation of a material register of natural, manufactured and handcrafted items, loosely and directly related to the Linnentown Mosaic Project (LMP). The LMP was a community-led effort to create a permanent tile and mirror mosaic honouring Linnentown, a once-thriving Black community erased through urban renewal by the University of Georgia and the city of Athens during the 1960s. Jarring as a form of research-creation reveals moments of resonance that in their precarity suggest new ways for thinking about participating as ever-changing iterations for undoing, waiting and feeling forth.
Solar Power System Solution for Iraq
Authors: Hamza Abdullah Asaad Ghali
Published: June 2024

Iraq's electricity sector has faced significant challenges over the past few decades due to political instability, war, and economic sanctions. The current electricity generation capacity is primarily based on fossil fuels, with natural gas and oil being the predominant sources. The national grid is characterized by frequent outages and an inability to meet the growing demand for electricity, especially during the hot summer months when air conditioning use spikes. As of 2023, Iraq's installed electricity generation capacity is approximately 25 GW. However, the actual available capacity often falls short due to aging infrastructure, maintenance issues, and fuel shortages. The Ministry of Electricity oversees the electricity sector, with power plants distributed across the country, including major facilities in Basra, Baghdad, and Mosul. The tr
Synthesis and characterization of Fe-doped CuO nanoparticles: Catalytic efficiency in crystal violet dye degradation and exploration of electrical properties
Authors: Bushra  , Kashif Muhammad , Khairullah  , Khan Azmat Ali , Sun Hao , Yousaf Jasim , Shah Muhammad Ishaq Ali , Hussain Shah , Amir Jalal , Jamal Yousaf , Ahmad Taimoor
Published: June 2024

In recent times, environmental pollution has become a pressing issue. Different methods have been developed to detach hazardous materials from H2O bodies. Among these techniques, photo-catalysis has emerged as a low-cost and advanced method. However, finding a potent photocatalyst has been a topic of considerable research. Our study prepared CuO from copper acetate using hydrothermal treatment in an autoclave at 170 ºC for 14 hours. We introduced various quantities of Fe by adding FeSO4 mixture to Cu (CH3COO)2, following the identical method for preparing CuO. The resulting precipitate was cleaned with deionized H2O and dried at 100 °C. The prepared substance was then heated at 450 ºC in a muffle furnace for 60 minutes. We characterized the manufacture of photocatalysts utilizing various techniques such as Ultraviolet (UV), FT-IR, SEM, EDX, and XRD. Our Ultraviolet (UV) spectrum analysis helped us recognize the adsorption spectroscopic analysis of un-doped and doped CuO with various ratios of Fe. FTIR spectroscopic analysis helped us identify functional groups in CuO NPs. Our XRD study showed the monoclinic composition of copper oxide nanoparticles. The SEM picture suggested that NPs exist in a spherical shape. We studied the catalytic activity of synthesized NPs concerning crystal violet (CV) colorant degradation below a direct ray of light irradiation. Our results showed that the degradation productiveness, as compared to CV colorant, was about 93.52% in 180 min. This research is of great importance in the quest for effective and sustainable solutions to environmental problems. The examination of electrical properties highlighted the promising aspects of Fe-doped CuO, particularly at 6% doping. This variant demonstrated superior dielectric parameters, lower tangent loss, semiconductor-like impedance behavior, and enhanced electrical conductivity, emphasizing its potential for applications in electrical and energy storage domains.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome After Infliximab Infusion for Fistulizing Crohn's Disease
Authors: Abdoh Qusay , Rabi Razan , Musmar Basel , Abuhassan Ahmad , Barqawi Abdulkareem
Published: June 2024

Biologic therapy is the mainstay of treatment of complicated inflammatory bowel diseases, which has numerous potential side effects. Among these is a rare condition known as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), which is a reversible neurological disorder that results in symptoms such as headache, nausea/vomiting, blurry vision, and seizure and is diagnosed based on specific clinical and radiological features. This report presents a case of a 19-year-old woman with fistulizing Crohn's disease who was treated with infliximab, but subsequently developed PRES, which was manifested as recurrent episodes of seizures and elevated blood pressure readings, was managed supportively with antiepileptic and antihypertensive medications and eventually made a full recovery, even after resuming infliximab. This case adds to the fewer than 10 previously reported cases of PRES associated with biological therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. It highlights the need to consider this complication when prescribing these drugs.
Research Progress and Future Expectations in Anode of Secondary Zinc-Air Batteries: A Review
Authors: Shunhong Chen , Pullteap Saroj , Mao Tang
Published: June 2024

Zinc-air batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages, including high safety, high theoretical energy density (1086 W·h/kg), low cost, etc. A zinc-air battery primarily consists of a metal anode, electrolyte, and air cathode. However, the anode, as the core component of zinc-air batteries, faces various challenges at the present stage, such as dendritic growth, anode deformation, surface passivation, hydrogen evolution corrosion, etc. These challenges limit the development of secondary zinc-air batteries. To address the challenges faced by the anode, researchers are committed to developing anode materials with long cycle life and high capacity. However, this is achieved through methods like alloying, surface coating, 3D structures, surface modification, and the addition of additives. Therefore, this article provides a comprehensive review of recent breakthroughs and progress in the research on zinc-based battery anodes in recent years. Furthermore, it offers a certain outlook on the future development direction of secondary zinc-air batteries.
Pengaruh Perbedaan Suhu Pengeringan Terhadap Kualitas Kadar Air dan Kadar Abu Karagenan Rumput Laut Kappaphycus alvarezii
Authors: Panjaitan Kristina Venza , Suryono Suryono , Pramesti Rini
Published: June 2024

Kappaphycus alvarezii adalah jenis rumput laut dari divisi Rhodophyta penghasil kappa karaginan. Karaginan diperoleh dari metabolisme primer rumput laut K. alvarezii dan merupakan senyawa polisakarida yang mengandung sejumlah unit galaktosa. Karaginan adalah senyawa hidrokoloid yang memiliki senyawa polisakarida rantai panjang. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui kualitas kadar air dan kadar abu karaginan dari rumput laut K. alvarezii dengan perbedaan suhu pengeringan. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan merupakan metode ekperimental laboratoris dan analisis data dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan pengeringan rumput laut K. alvarezii dilakukan menggunakan oven dengan suhu 600 C dan 700 C serta pengeringan sinar matahari sebagai perlakuan kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar air karaginan yang diperoleh dari pengeringan dengan suhu 600 C yaitu 11,06% dan pengeringan dengan suhu 700 C yaitu 13,34%. Kadar abu yang diperoleh dari pengeringan dengan suhu 600 C yaitu 16,30% dan pengeringan dengan suhu 700 C yaitu 19%. Rendemen karaginan yang diperoleh dari perlakuan pengeringan dengan suhu 600 C yaitu 40,51% dan pengeringan dengan suhu 700 C yaitu 29,71%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis sidik ragam (Anova) diketahui bahwa tidak ada pengaruh perbedaan suhu terhadap kualiatas kadar air dan kadar abu karaginan K. alvarezii. Kappaphycus alvarezii is a type of seaweed from the Rhodophyta division that produces kappa carrageenan. Carrageenan is obtained from the primary metabolism of K. alvarezii seaweed and is a polysaccharide compound containing a number of galactose units. Carrageenan is a hydrocolloid compound that has a long chain polysaccharide compound. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of water content and ash content of carrageenan from K. alvarezii seaweed with different drying temperatures. The research method used is a laboratory experimental method and data analysis with a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatment of drying K. alvarezii seaweed was carried out using an oven with a temperature of 600 C and 700 C and sun drying as a control treatment. The results showed that the moisture content of carrageenan obtained from drying at 600 C was 11.06% and drying at 700 C was 13.34%. The ash content obtained from 600 C drying was 16.30% and 700 C drying was 19%. The yield of carrageenan obtained from drying treatment with a temperature of 600 C is 40.51% and drying with a temperature of 700 C is 29.71%. Based on the results of analysis of variance (Anova), it is known that there is no effect of temperature differences on the quality of water content and ash content of K. alvarezii carrageenan.
Analisis Struktur Vegetasi Hutan Mangrove di Pesisir Tabongo Kecamatan Dulupi Kabupaten Boalemo
Authors: Djamadi Dian Anggreini , Faqih Ahmad , SM Farid , Safitri Ikraeni , Baderan Dewi Wahyuni K.
Published: June 2024

Hutan mangrove merupakan hutan yang tumbuh di sepanjang pantai, di daerah pasang surut, atau di muara sungai. Struktur vegetasi mangrove memegang peranan penting bagi kehidupan baik secara fisik, ekologi dan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) mengetahui jenis mangrove, (2) mengetahui Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) struktur vegetasi mangrove, (3) mebgetahui data parameter lingkungan masing-masing stasiun yang ada di Pesisir Tabongo Kecamatan Dulupi Kabupaten Boalemo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 7 bulan muli dari bulan Februari-Agustus 2023. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif, pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode plot berpetak, ukuran plot 20x20 m untuk tingkat pohon, 10x10 m tingkat pancang, dan 5x5 m tingkat semai. Dari hasil penelitian di Pesisir Tabongo ditemukan ada 6 spesies yaitu spesies Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Ceriops tagal, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, dan Avicennia alba. Hasil perhitungan INP struktur vegetasi pada stasiun I di dominasi oleh spesies C. tagal dengan nilai INP 73,02%. Pada stasiun II di dominasi oleh spesies S. alba dengan nilai INP 98,72%. Terdapat perbedaan nilai parameter lingkungan di masing-masing stasiun. Stasiun I kelembaban berada pada nilai 68%, suhu udara 32°C, pH tanah 7 dan pH air 6,92. Stasiun II kelembaban berada pada nilai 60, suhu udara 35°C, pH tanah 7 dan pH air 7,39.   Mangrove forests area forests that grow along the coast, in tidal areas, or at river mouth. The vegetation structure of mangroves plays a crucial role in physical, ecological, and economic aspects of life. This research aimed to: (1) identify mangrove species, (2) determine the Importance Value Indeks (INP) of mangrove vegetation structure, (3) collect environmental parameter data for each station along the Tabongo Coast in Dulupi Subdistrict, Boalemo Regency. This study  was conductedover 7 month, from February to August 2023. The research method employed in this study was a survey method with a quantitative descriptive approach, data collection was done using quadrat plot method, with plot size of 20x20m for tree level, 10x10 m for sapling level, and 5x5 m seedling level. From the results on the Tabongo Coast, 6 species were found:Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Ceriops tagal, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Avicennia alba. The calculation of INP for vegetation structure at station I was dominatedby C. tagal with an INP value of 73.02%. At station II, it was dominated by S. alba with an INP value 98.72%. There were differences in environmental parameter values at each station. Station I had a humidity value of 68%, air temperature of 32°C, soil pH of 7 and water pH of 6.92. Station II had a humidity valueof 60%, air temperature of 35°C, soil pH of 7 and water pH of 7,39.
Komposisi dan Tutupan Kanopi Mangrove Di Desa Wolowa Kabupaten Buton
Authors: Wibowo Krisna Prasetyo , Pribadi Rudhi , Susanto AB.
Published: June 2024

Mangrove yang terdapat pada kawasan pesisir Desa Wolowa merupakan salah satu kawasan hutan mangrove yang terdapat di Pulau Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara. Kurangnya data pada lokasi penelitian menjadi alasan dilakukannya penelitian pada lokasi tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman vegetasi mangrove beserta komponen-komponen yang terdapat didalamnya. Selain itu, penelitian ini digunakan untuk menganalisis persentase tutupan kanopi mangrove. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Penentuan lokasinya menggunakan metode porposive sampling dan untuk menganalisis tutupan kanopinya menggunakan metode Hemispherical photography. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret - Juli 2023. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tiga stasiun berbeda, dengan masing-masing stasiunnya terdiri dari tiga plot penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya 5 spesies mangrove. Untuk nilai persentase tutupan kanopi mangrove berkisar antara 50,15% - 75-51%. Persentase tutupan dengan kategori sedang merupakan kategori paling mendominasi pada lokasi penelitian  Mangroves in the coastal area of Wolowa Village are one of the mangrove forest areas on Buton Island, Southeast Sulawesi. The lack of data at the research location is the reason for conducting research at that location. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of mangrove vegetation and the components contained therein. In addition, this study was used to analyze the percentage of mangrove canopy cover. The method used in this research is descriptive method. Determination of its location using porposive sampling method and to analyze its canopy cover using Hemispherical photography method. This research was conducted in March - July 2023. This research was conducted at three different stations, with each station consisting of three research plots. The results of this study were found 5 mangrove species. For the percentage value of mangrove canopy cover ranged from 50.15% - 75-51%. The percentage of cover in the medium category is the most dominating category in the research location.
Kwestionariusz Altruizmu Krewniaczego – podstawy teoretyczne, konstrukcja narzędzia i jego charakterystyka psychometryczna
Authors: Pełka Aneta
Published: June 2024

The article presents the concept of kin altruism, the stages of work on the construction of the Kin Altruism Questionnaire and its psychometric properties. The tool is used to measure the intensity of altruism towards relatives, defined as the tendency to act consciously and voluntarily on their behalf. According to the evolutionary approach to social behavior, people feel obliged to provide care to relatives (children, grandchildren, siblings, cousins) because they are driven by the pressure of survival. To assess the psychometric properties, data obtained from a sample of 107 people aged 18–66 (M = 27.0; SD = 8.18) were analyzed. These data allow the questionnaire to be considered as a tool with a single-factor structure and to confirm its theoretical validity, which was verify by using the A–N Questionnaire, the Family Support subscale from the Familism Scale and the Uncontrollable Causativity Scale. The Kin Altruism Questionnaire is a reliable tool (α Cronbach’s value is 0.91), consisting of 13 statements that refer to possible actions taken for the benefit of close relatives. These are items that were found to be accurate as a result of the experts rating method and, on this basis, were selected from the initial set of 25 sentences describing behaviors considered as possible manifestations of kin altruism.
(Nie)obecność tematyki psychologicznej w ramach edukacji okołoporodowej w Polsce
Authors: Janowicz Kamil
Published: June 2024

Antenatal education is becoming more popular and extended in recent years. For a long time, it was dominated by medical aspects – however, the frequency of the presence of psychological issues in antenatal education has increased in the last years. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the offer of antenatal education in 210 entities (public and private) from voivodeships cities in Poland regarding the presence of psychological themes in refund antenatal courses and extra classes. Data was gathered in Spring 2021 and analyzed by six trained coders (inter-coders agreement: Kendall’s-W = .72). Conducted analysis has revealed that psychological issues are rarely presented and discussed during the refund antenatal education course, on extra classes, and on the websites and social media fanpages of entities involved in organizing antenatal education. Additionally, only 16% of them offer the possibility of psychological consultations. These results show that antenatal education rarely addresses psychological issues like the psychological aspects of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period, and childcare. While a transition to parenthood may be very challenging for both women and men, these findings suggest that antenatal education in Poland should be developed in terms of psychological issues. That should result in more complex support for new parents.
Wypalenie rodzicielskie a podatność na ocenę społeczną
Authors: Włosiak Julia , Sikorska Iwona
Published: June 2024

Parental burnout, manifested by emotional distancing from the child, mental and emotional exhaustion, and a sense of futility in being a parent, is a phenomenon whose symptoms are increasingly reported by parents. The aim of the presented research was to identify the relationship between parents’ susceptibility to social assessment (fear of being negatively perceived) and the level of their parental burnout. The research participants were parents of children up to 7 years of age (N = 327), including 88% women. Subjects recruited using the snowball method were invited to answer a survey on the Google platform. The Polish Version of the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA-PL), Social Inhibition Questionnaire (SIQ-15) and Sense of Negative Social Evaluation Scale were used to measure variables. In the study group, 5% of parents were observed to be in the area of high parental burnout and 15% in the area of risk, which is a high result when comparing to international data. The obtained findings indicate a weak, positive correlation between the level of parental burnout and multivariate social inhibition (r = .182; p < .001) and between the level of parental burnout and the sense of negative social evaluation (r = .278; p < .001). Lack of freedom in social relationships and susceptibility to negative evaluation by others are important for satisfaction with one’s own parenting competences.