bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of early learning and movement sub-structure predictive of motor performance
Authors: Jakkamsetti Vikram , Scudder William , Kathote Gauri , Ma Qian , Angulo Gustavo , Dobariya Aksharkumar , Rosenberg Roger N. , Beutler Bruce , Pascual Juan M.
Published: July 2021

Time-to-fall off an accelerating rotating rod (rotarod) is widely utilized to evaluate rodent motor performance. We reasoned that this simple outcome could be refined with additional measures explicit in the task (however inconspicuously) to examine what we call movement sub-structure. Our goal was to characterize normal variation or motor impairment more robustly than by using time-to-fall. We also hypothesized that measures (or features) early in the sub-structure could anticipate the learning expected of a mouse undergoing serial trials. Using normal untreated and baclofen-treated movement-impaired mice, we defined these features and automated their analysis using paw video-tracking in three consecutive trials, including paw location, speed, acceleration, variance and approximate entropy. Spectral arc length yielded speed and acceleration uniformity. We found that, in normal mice, paw movement smoothness inversely correlated with rotarod time-to-fall for the three trials. Greater approximate entropy in vertical movements, and opposite changes in horizontal movements, correlated with greater first-trial time-to-fall. First-trial horizontal approximate entropy in the first few seconds predicted subsequent time-to-fall. This allowed for the separation, after only one rotarod trial, of different-weight, untreated mouse groups, and for the detection of mice otherwise unimpaired after baclofen, which displayed a time-to-fall similar to control. A machine-learning support vector machine classifier corroborated these findings. In conclusion, time-to-fall off a rotarod correlated well with several measures, including some obtained during the first few seconds of a trial, and some responsive to learning over the first two trials, allowing for predictions or preemptive experimental manipulations before learning completion.
State-of-the-art Capillary Electrophoresis Mass Spectrometry Methods for Analyzing the Polar Metabolome
Authors: Duncan Kyle D. , Lanekoff Ingela
Published: July 2021

Coupling capillary electrophoresis (CE) to mass spectrometry (MS) provides a powerful approach to profile polar metabolites from biological samples. In particular, the high separation capacity of CE in conjunction with the high specificity of MS allows for hundreds to thousands of electrophoretic peaks to be discriminated by their unique mass-to-charge values. This chapter provides an overview of coupling CE to MS for analyzing polar metabolites, including methods of CE sample injection, common CE–MS interfaces, considerations for selecting an appropriate mass spectrometer, and sample preparation methods. We cover recent studies published in 2013 or later that employ CE–MS to screen for polar metabolites in urine, plasma, serum, cell and tissue extracts. In addition, we cover recent CE–MS methods that analyze minute samples such as single cells, where the limited sample material requires extraordinary strategies. Overall, this work displays the current state-of-the-art for CE–MS based polar metabolomics, including current biological information that can be gained, and outlines future developments that will allow CE–MS based polar metabolomics to flourish.
State-of-the-art Mass Spectrometry-based Approaches to Explore the Polar Metabolome: Alzheimer's Disease as a Case Study
Authors: González-Domínguez Raúl , González-Domínguez Álvaro , Sayago Ana , Fernández-Recamales Ángeles
Published: July 2021

The polar metabolome comprises numerous metabolite classes with huge chemical and functional heterogeneity, which are usually involved in primary metabolic pathways and, consequently, are closely related to the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. This chapter provides an overview and critical comparison of the most common mass spectrometry-based metabolomics platforms aimed to explore the polar metabolome, namely gas chromatography, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and direct mass spectrometry-based approaches. The utility and complementary character of these analytical techniques for probing the polar metabolome is demonstrated by using Alzheimer's disease as a case study. Special attention is devoted to the strengths and weaknesses of these metabolomics approaches.
Analytical Techniques for Material-limited Metabolomics: Recent Developments and Applications
Authors: Chetwynd Andrew J. , Ramautar Rawi
Published: July 2021

Traditionally metabolomics has focused upon non-invasive high-volume samples such as blood products, urine and faeces. These matrices however only offer a global analysis of the metabolome of an organism. This means that tissue or even cell specific metabolome variation may be diluted within these large volume biofluids. In order to uncover highly specific metabolomic markers of disease biopsy-sized tissues or single cells offer a potential solution. However, these are extremely biomass limited due to their invasive nature and the fact that other clinical tests may be required on the same sample. Furthermore, biofluid limited samples such as infant blood samples, sweat or dried blood spots offer the opportunity to investigate disease states in young children and babies and open up the possibility to collect dried blood spots from around the world, which can then be posted back to a lab for analysis. As such, technical analytical solutions must be found to enable the analysis of these biomass and volume limited samples. In this chapter, an overview is given of the state-of-the-art analytical separation techniques and workflows for material-limited metabolomics.
Lactobacillus paracaseiameliorates cognitive impairment in high-fat induced obese miceviainsulin signaling and neuroinflammation pathways
Authors: Ji Yaoyao , Lang Xinsong , Wang Wei , Li Shengnan , Zhao Changhui , Shen Xue , Zhang Tiehua , Ye Haiqing
Published: July 2021

Long-term consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) can cause glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, damage the brain and nervous system and result in cognitive impairment.
Modular synthesis of 3-substituted isocoumarins via silver-catalyzed aerobic oxidation/6-endo heterocyclization of ortho-alkynylbenzaldehydes
Authors: Wu Hao , Wang Yi-Chun , Shatskiy Andrey , Li Qiu-Yan , Liu Jian-Quan , Kärkäs Markus D. , Wang Xiang-Shan
Published: July 2021

A method involving silver-catalyzed aerobic oxidation/6-endo heterocyclization of ortho-alkynylbenzaldehydes to yield 3-substituted isocoumarins is described. Mechanistic studies suggest the involvement of a free-radical pathway.
Electrophile promoted cyclization of ortho-aryl substituted ynamides: construction of 3-amino-4-halo- or 4 seleno-isocoumarin derivatives
Authors: Habert Loïc , Diachenko Iryna , Retailleau Pascal , Gillaizeau Isabelle
Published: July 2021

Isocoumarins are important building blocks in medicinal chemistry. An access to 3-amino-4-halo- or 4-seleno-isocoumarins in a short time (<1 min) with good yields was reported via an electrophilic cyclization of ortho-ynamidyl benzoate esters.
The recombination zone adjusted by the gradient doping of TPA-DCPP for efficient and stable deep red organic light emitting diodes
Authors: Zhang Qianmin , Jiang Jixin , Xu Zheng , Song Dandan , Qiao Bo , Zhao Suling , Wageh S. , Al-Ghamdi Ahmed
Published: July 2021

Efficient deep red organic light-emitting diodes with 4.4% external quantum efficiency (EQE) and a stable electroluminescent spectrum at 674 nm.
Exploring the symbol processing ‘time interval’ parametric constraint in a Belousov–Zhabotinsky operated chemical Turing machine
Authors: Draper Thomas C. , Dueñas-Díez Marta , Pérez-Mercader Juan
Published: July 2021

Chemical reactions are powerful molecular recognition machines.
Unoccupied 3d orbitals make Li-unalloyable transition metals usable as anode materials for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Guo Liping , Jiang Zhongqing , Jiang Zhong-Jie
Published: July 2021

This work reports the use of Fe which is unalloyable with Li as the anode for LIBs. DFT calculations indicate that the unoccupied 3d orbitals of Fe can accept electrons from Li, making the surface of Fe nanoparticles active for Li adsorption.
Remarkable thermoelectric property enhancement in Cu2SnS3–CuCo2S4 nanocomposites via 3D modulation doping
Authors: Gu Yan , Ai Wen , Zhao Yaqing , Pan Lin , Lu Chunhua , Zong Pengan , Hu Xiaohui , Xu Zhongzi , Wang Yifeng
Published: July 2021

Modulation doping due to charge transfer at interfaces with an appropriate band alignment led to a large power factor and a high ZT (∼0.83 at 773 K) in a Cu2SnS3-5 mol% CuCo2S4 composite with a superior carrier mobility to uniformly doped Cu2SnS3.
Photothermal slippery surfaces towards spatial droplet manipulation
Authors: Han Keyu , Wang Zubin , Heng Liping , Jiang Lei
Published: July 2021

Spatial manipulation of various droplets and programmable droplet storage were achieved on a photothermal slippery surface.
Unveiling the crystalline packing of Y6 in thin films by thermally induced “backbone-on” orientation
Authors: Xiao Yiqun , Yuan Jun , Zhou Guodong , Ngan Ka Chak , Xia Xinxin , Zhu Jingshuai , Zou Yingping , Zhao Ni , Zhan Xiaowei , Lu Xinhui
Published: July 2021

The annealed Y6 film exhibits well-defined Bragg peaks in grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering patterns for clear crystal indexing. The Y6 packing in its backbone results from its “L” shaped core-group and the biaxial backbone order due to end-group π–π stacking.
Microlensing of the broad emission lines in 27 gravitationally lensed quasars
Authors: Fian C. , Mediavilla E. , Motta V. , Jiménez-Vicente J. , Muñoz J. A. , Chelouche D. , Hanslmeier A.
Published: July 2021

Aims. We aim to study the structure and kinematics of the broad line region (BLR) of a sample of 27 gravitationally lensed quasars with up to five different epochs of observation. This sample is composed of ∼100 spectra from the literature plus 22 unpublished spectra of 11 systems.

Methods. We measure the magnitude differences in the broad emission line (BEL) wings and statistically model the distribution of microlensing magnifications to determine a maximum likelihood estimate for the sizes of the C IV, C III], and Mg II emitting regions.

Results. The BELs in lensed quasars are expected to be magnified differently owing to the different sizes of the regions from which they originate. Focusing on the most common BELs in our spectra (C IV, C III], and Mg II), we find that the low-ionization line Mg II is only weakly affected by microlensing. In contrast, the high-ionization line C IV shows strong microlensing in some cases, indicating that its emission region is more compact. Thus, the BEL profiles are deformed differently depending on the geometry and kinematics of the corresponding emitting region. We detect microlensing in either the blue or the red wing (or in both wings with different amplitudes) of C IV in more than 50% of the systems and find outstanding asymmetries in the wings of QSO 0957+561, SDSS J1004+4112, SDSS J1206+4332, and SDSS J1339+1310. This observation indicates that the BLR is, in general, not spherically symmetric and supports the existence of two regions in the BLR, one insensitive to microlensing and another that only shows up when it is magnified by microlensing. Disregarding the existence of these two regions, our estimate for Mg II, R1/2 = 67.3−15.7+3.8 √(M/M⊙) light-days, is in good agreement with previous results from smaller samples, while we obtain smaller sizes for the C III] and CIV lines, R1/2 = 31.0−4.0+1.9 √(M/M⊙) light-days and R1/2 = 15.5−3.9+0.8 √(M/M⊙) light-days, respectively.
Development of Long-Term Forecast Energy Balances in the Power System of Siberia
Authors: Malinovskaya Elena
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the features of the development of long-term energy balances in the interconnected power system of Siberia (IPS). The main feature of the IPS of Siberia is a high proportion of hydro power plants and, as a result, a strong dependence of electricity generation on natural fluctuations in water inflow into reservoirs. In the power output of the HPPs of the Angara-Yenisei cascade, depending on the water availability conditions, the deviation from the long-term average values can be up to 30% or 31 ÷ 36 billion kWh per year. The development of long-term energy balances and an increase in the efficiency of the operation modes of the HPPs of the Angara-Yenisei cascade makes it possible to identify in advance possible risks in the operation of the water management system of the Angara-Yenisei basin and the unified energy system of Siberia, thereby ensuring a more balanced operation of the power system as a whole.
Methodological aspects of modeling the fuel and energy complex in the context of energy security
Authors: Piskunova Victoria
Published: July 2021

One of the most important goals of the energy industry is to ensure a shortage-free and reliable energy supply to consumers. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to assess the level of energy security of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) of the country. For these purposes, it is proposed to form a model of the energy system that would take into account the peculiarities of all process flows that take place in it. For this purpose, we conducted a review of Russian and foreign studies in the field of modeling of the FEC in the course of the work. The main result presented in the article is a methodology for the building of a unified model of the fuel and energy complex to assess the level of energy security.
Multi-agent software complex for researching the direction of development of the fuel and energy complex taking into account energy security “INTEC-A”
Authors: Mamedov Timur G. , Massel Aleksey G.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the development of a new version of the INTEC software complex, designed to support research in the areas of development of the fuel and energy complex from the point of view of energy security, called INTEC-A. In the course of direct reengineering of this software complex, a multi-agent approach was used to expand its functionality in the future. In more detail, the article discusses the process of reengineering existing versions of a software package based on the two previous versions. The architecture of the SC “INTEC-A” is presented, the justification of the applied technologies is given. Also SC “INTEC-A” includes a database, the description of which is given. A computational experiment was carried out with energy experts to verify and test the performance of a SF.
Modeling scenarios of extreme situations in the energy sector caused by cyber threats
Authors: Gaskova Daria A. , Massel Aleksei G.
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the violation of cybersecurity as a possibility of a real impact (intentional or accidental) from cyberspace on the physical infrastructure of a digital energy facility. In energy security studies, such impacts are considered as extreme situations, including critical and emergency situations. A model of scenarios of extreme situations in the energy sector caused by cyber threats using Bayesian Belief Network and the stages of modeling are considered in more detail. The five main stages are i) modeling cyber threats vectors of intrusion and advance towards the target asset; ii) modeling an attack on a target system in the technological segment of the local area network; iii) modeling technogenic threats to energy security caused by cyber threats; iv) modeling consequences at the level of the facility system; v) modeling consequences at the level of the infrastructure. This approach allows one to build cause and effect relationships from vulnerabilities in the cyber environment to the consequences. Modeling stages are aimed at increasing the level of cyber situational awareness, which, in turn, related with energy security issues.
Potential development scale of low- and non-carbon generation in the Far East of Russia under increasing decarbonization requirements
Authors: Pankrushina Tatiana , Khorshev Andrey
Published: July 2021

The ratification of the Paris Agreement by Russia in 2019 will inevitably force the decarbonization of the Russian electric power industry in future. In this article the potential development scale of low- and non-carbon generation technologies in the Far East power system is considered using MESSAGE optimization model. The required conditions for effective development of new gas-fired as well as nuclear and RES power plants were analyzed, and the potential reduction of CO2 emissions was assessed. The results showed that the development of low- and non-carbon generation technologies in this region requires quite high carbon price or taxes.
Methodology of complex evaluation of energy transportation systems from remote renewable resources
Authors: Baldynov Oleg , Popov Sergei
Published: July 2021

In the last two decades, the unit cost of so-called “new” renewable energy sources has shown a significant decline: photovoltaic panels and wind turbine generators, which is the main reason for the increase in the share of RES in primary energy consumption. However, regions with suitable natural and climatic conditions for the development of renewable energy aren’t in a generally densely populated and located at a significant geographical distance from the centers of energy consumption (the level of solar insolation in the Gobi and Atacama deserts, wind speed on the coasts of the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific Oceans, etc.). Anticipating a significant development of the need for the use of renewable energy, it is necessary to perform preliminarily a complex of evaluation of energy transportation systems from remote renewable resources.
Study of stand-alone building heating system operating with renewable energy sources under moderate continental climate conditions
Authors: Sokolov Ivan , Ryzhenkov Artem , Tyabut Elizaveta
Published: July 2021

The climatic conditions in Moscow limit to a certain extent the utilization of renewable energy sources for heat supply. Long heating period, relatively low average daily sunshine hours during heating period, and low outside temperatures act as barriers to realising the full potential of renewable energy sources. The paper presents an evaluation of feasibility and effectiveness of using various renewable energy sources in the heat supply system of Block 23 of the National research university «MPEI». The system arrangement for heat supply of the building with renewable energy sources is described. Experimental data have been obtained on the basis of this system. The calculated time dependences of building heat consumption and heat pump system (HPS) outputs are given. In addition, for the air-source heat pump system, the dependence on the outdoor temperature is given. Values of HPS efficiency indices are also presented. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of air-source HPS and liquid-to-liquid HPS with a geothermal circuit in winter conditions is carried out.
Numerical estimation of the thermal stability boundaries for the process of thermochemical conversion processes of biomass in quasi-equilibrium approximation
Authors: Donskoy Igor
Published: July 2021

The stationary process of pyrolysis and gasification of plant biomass in a wide range of conditions is considered. The reaction rate in a multicomponent system is a complex function of composition and temperature. To simplify the calculations, we use the approximation of the brutto-reaction: it is supposed that a slow reaction of thermal decomposition of biomass proceeds in the reaction zone with first order kinetics and Arrhenius dependence on temperature. Gas phase reactions rates are considered to be high enough to apply the quasi-equilibrium approximation. Calculations make it possible to estimate the temperature values at the boundary of thermal stability and the position of this boundary for different residence times of biofuel in the reaction zone.
Using dynamic graphs on the example of calculating the temperature field of a lead-acid battery
Authors: Kozlova Mariia , Shamansky Vitaly
Published: July 2021

This paper presents materials for modeling heat transfer in a lead-acid battery in its operating mode. The approach for modeling was based on the representation of the system under study in the form of a flow graph. This approach made it possible to create a model of a battery taking into account the chemical and physical aspects of its operation and can be supplemented with other properties of the system under study, if necessary. Calculations of the temperature dependence were carried out for a daily load and in charge and discharge modes.
Life cycle of innovation and assessment of intellectual property value in enterprises
Authors: Makhkamova M. A.
Published: July 2021

The article examines the theoretical issues of the implementation of the life cycle of innovation and practical methods for assessing the loss of value of intellectual property in enterprises in the market. The method of the cost approach is disclosed, which assumes the accounting of the costs of reproduction of the assessed intellectual property in current prices, minus depreciation, as the most effective method for assessing intellectual property. Also considered are the rates of depreciation of fixed assets of industrial facilities, the coefficients of revaluation of the cost of fixed assets, depending on their depreciation. The article proposes the author’s approach to the gradation of the assessment of the lost usefulness of intellectual property in percentage and the relationship between the stages of the life cycle of an innovation and the state of the assessment of intellectual property..
Digital transformation and its role in the reproduction of innovative development of the modern banking institution of Russia
Authors: Sazonov Sergey Petrovich , Ezangina Irina Aleksandrovna , Polianskaia Alena Aleksandrovna , Chunakov Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: July 2021

The institutional mechanism of the financial services market puts forward new requirements to the banking community, determining the need for innovations in products, technologies, services, and encouraging credit institutions to transform the declared strategy and implemented financial policy. In the present, the innovative factor is decisive in supporting the competitiveness of the bank, and the development of banking activities is determined by the degree of activity in promoting innovations. The article reveals the role, directions, tools of digitalization of the innovative development of a modern commercial bank, strengthening its competitive position.
Foreign Direct Investments in Kosovo
Authors: Geci Fatos
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The purpose of studying this topic is because in Kosovo the foreign direct investment has been consistently considered as a key factor in the potential development of the country. Knowing that investments are one of the most important macroeconomic aggregates of a country. Undoubtedly, their study has great importance with a special emphasis on the development of countries such as Kosovo, where economic, social and political circumstances require the continued absorption of investments by other countries. In general, for the country's economy, it is important to know what impact foreign investments have on economic growth, the factors that influence the growth of these investments and the actions of policy makers to attract investors. Design/methodology/approach: The data mainly obtained from the World Bank have compared Foreign Investments with the countries of the region. We consider the information to be accurate. Findings: From the findings we have made we consider that the main obstacles to foreign direct investment in Kosovo are at a high level of corruption, and politics, where we have disclosed several years of small investments due to non-approval of laws in the Assembly of Kosovo. Originality/value: The findings from this study can contribute to the improvement of policies, so that Kosovo as a transition country needs a lot of foreign direct investment that will change the economic conditions of the citizens.
The evolution of robotics in China: accumulated experience and prospects
Authors: Reshetnikova Marina S. , Pugacheva Irina A. , Lukina Yulia D.
Published: July 2021

In the context of globalization and the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0), the development of robotics and AI has become one of the most important factors of economic and technological growth. A leadership race has already unfolded between the developed countries. Today, China is the undisputed leader in this industry and the largest consumer of industrial robots, but this was not always the case. To achieve leadership in this sphere, the Chinese government supports robotics startups in automotive, electronics, and logistics. The support is provided in the form of tax incentives and subsidies for R&D. The purpose of the research was to forecast the industrial robots' market in China and answer whether it will keep its position in the future. The carried study showed that the market of industrial robots in China is increasing, significantly outpacing the dynamics of global indicators. The decline in the growth of the Chinese robotics market indicators can be explained by the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and trade tensions between the market leaders: China and the United States.
Bereaved Parents: Insights for the Antenatal Consultation
Authors: Haward Marlyse F. , Lorenz John M. , Janvier Annie , Fischhoff Baruch
Published: July 2021

Objective The study aimed to explore experiences of extremely preterm infant loss in the delivery room and perspectives about antenatal consultation.

Study Design Bereaved participants were interviewed, following a semi-structured protocol. Personal narratives were analyzed with a mixed-methods approach.

Results In total, 13 participants, reflecting on 17 pregnancies, shared positive, healing and negative, harmful interactions with clinicians and institutions: feeling cared for or abandoned, doubted or believed, being treated rigidly or flexibly, and feeling that infant's life was valued or not. Participants stressed their need for personalized information, individualized approaches, and affective support. Their decision processes varied; some wanted different things for themselves than what they recommended for others. These interactions shaped their immediate experiences, long-term well-being, healing, and regrets. All had successful subsequent pregnancies; few returned to institutions where they felt poorly treated.

Conclusion Antenatal consultations can be strengthened by personalizing them, within a strong caregiver relationship and supportive institutional practices.

Key Points
Occurrence of Adrenal Suppression in Patients Having Sepsis in Indian Population and Impact of Corticosteroid Supplementation on Its Overall Survival
Authors: Swain Kamalakanta , Nanda Sikata , Jayasingh Sarat Chandra , Routray Sidharth Sraban , Swain Avijit , Sahoo Padmalaya
Published: July 2021

Objective Our aim was to estimate the occurrence of adrenal suppression in critically ill patients with septic shock who have got admission in intensive care unit and to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrocortisone in these patients in relation to mortality of patient, development of septic shock, and effect on total leucocyte count.

Methods Serum cortisol was measured in 120 patients with sepsis. Patients with decreased cortisol level were split in to two groups (group A and B). Group A received 50 mg of hydrocortisone 6 hourly and group B was given matching placebo. At day 7, serum cortisol level was estimated for both A and B groups. The results were calculated and compared with relation to incidence of adrenal insufficiency, development of septic shock, effect on total leucocyte count, and survival at 28 days.

Results The occurrence of adrenal suppression in patients having sepsis in our study was 44 out of 120 patients, that is, 36.6%. After supplementation of corticosteroid for 7 days the mean value of serum cortisol of group A was 40.38 ± 8.44 µg/dL and group B was 24.30 ± 6.47 µg/dL (p < 0.001). At day 7, in group A, 22.7% developed septic shock, whereas in group B, 36.4% developed septic shock (p < 0.001). In group A and B, mortality rate of the patients at 28 days was 18.2 and 22.7%, respectively.

Conclusion Hydrocortisone supplementation in critically ill patients with low random basal serum cortisol level with sepsis does not significantly improve the overall survival.
Springtail-inspired structures enhance liquid repellency in materials
Authors: Bandari Anashe
Published: July 2021

Differently sized structures on the bugs work together to allow both static and dynamic wetting resistance.
Comprehensive research on energy-saving green design scheme of crane structure based on computational intelligence
Authors: Qi Qisong , Xu Hang , Xu Gening , Dong Qing , Xin Yunsheng
Published: July 2021

In the field of cranes, unreasonable structure design leads to high energy consumption. In order to solve the problems of heavy weight and serious steel consumption of a crane structure, a green energy-saving design method based on computational intelligence is proposed. For minimizing the weight of a structure, two optimization models are proposed. The specular reflection algorithm is used to make the green and lightweight design. A multi-objective optimization model for the green design is constructed. The minimum waste generated in the manufacturing process is the objective function of this model. Fuzzy mathematics theory is utilized to comprehensively evaluate the impact of crane structure weight and processing waste on the environment, and a structural optimization model with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation indicators for the green design is introduced. The results indicate that compared with the original design, the processing waste after fuzzy comprehensive optimization is 63.43% lower and the cross-sectional area of the main girder is reduced by 27.03%.
Population stability in an unmanaged population of the green and golden bell frog in northern New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Goldingay Ross L. , Newell David A. , McHugh Darren , Bolitho Liam
Published: July 2021

Population monitoring is required to guide conservation programs. We conducted a capture–mark–recapture study of a population of the vulnerable green and golden bell frog (Litoria aurea) at the northern end of its range. Frogs were captured and marked over three breeding seasons (2015/16, 2016/17, 2017/18) in a large coastal lagoon. We aimed to: (1) produce annual estimates of population size to describe population trajectory, and (2) investigate monthly variation in abundance, capture probability, and temporary emigration to understand how these factors change at a finer temporal scale. Frog abundance varied across the three annual breeding seasons: 60–280 adult males, 120–190 adult females, and 90–420 subadults. We infer that the population is stable because adult abundance estimates were higher after 2015/16. Because our study sampled only half the available breeding habitat, the overall population may number 350–850 adults. Our modelling revealed >40 males but <20 females were detected in the sample area in our monthly samples. Estimates of temporary emigration were high (males: 0.54; females: 0.79), suggesting behaviour that made frogs unavailable for capture between months. Our results suggest that monitoring at greater than annual intervals should be adequate to monitor the future trend of this population.
Training of clinical triage of acute radiation casualties: a performance comparison of on-site versus online training due to the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Lamkowski Andreas , Combs Stephanie E , Abend Michael , Port Matthias
Published: July 2021

A collection of powerful diagnostic tools have been developed under the umbrellas of NATO for ionising radiation dose assessment (BAT, WinFRAT) and estimate of acute health effects in humans (WinFRAT, H-Module). We assembled a database of 191 ARS cases using the medical treatment protocols for radiation accident victims (n = 167) and the system for evaluation and archiving of radiation accidents based on case histories (n = 24) for training purposes of medical personnel. From 2016 to 2019, we trained 39 participants comprising MSc level radiobiology students in an on-site teaching class. Enforced by the covid-19 pandemic in 2020 for the first time, an online teaching of nine MSc radiobiology students replaced the on-site teaching. We found that: (a) limitations of correct diagnostic decision-making based on clinical signs and symptoms were experienced unrelated to the teaching format. (b) A significant performance decrease concerning online (first number in parenthesis) versus on-site teaching (reference and second number in parenthesis) was seen regarding the estimate time (31 vs 61 cases per hour, two-fold decrease, p = 0.005). Also, the accurate assessment of response categories (89.9% vs 96.9%, p = 0.001), ARS (92.4% vs 96.7%, p = 0.002) and hospitalisation (93.5% vs 97.0%, p = 0.002) decreased by around 3%–7%. The performances of the online attendees were mainly distributed within the lower quartile performance of on-site participants and the 25%–75% interquartile range increased 3–7-fold. (c) Comparison of dose estimates performed by training participants with hematologic acute radiation syndrome (HARS) severity mirrored the known limitations of dose alone as a surrogate parameter for HARS severity at doses less than 1.5 Gy, but demonstrated correct determination of HARS 2–4 and support for clinical decision making at dose estimates >1.5 Gy, regardless of teaching format. (d) Overall, one-third of the online participants showed substantial misapprehension and insecurities of elementary course content that did not occur after the on-site teaching.
Asymptotic analysis of the Boltzmann equation for dark matter relic abundance
Authors: Morrison Logan A. , Patel Hiren H. , Ulbricht Jaryd F.
Published: July 2021

A solution to the Boltzmann equation governing the thermal relic abundance of cold dark matter is constructed by matched asymptotic approximations. The approximation of the relic density is an asymptotic series valid when the abundance does not deviate significantly from its equilibrium value until small temperatures. Resonance and threshold effects are taken into account at leading order and found to be negligible unless the annihilation cross section is negligible at threshold. Comparisons are made to previously attempted constructions and to the freeze out approximation commonly employed in the literature. Extensions to higher order matching is outlined, and implications for solving related systems are discussed. We compare our results to a numerical determination of the relic abundance using a benchmark model and find a fantastic agreement. The method developed also serves as a solution to a wide class of problems containing an infinite order turning point.
Perspectives using synthetic corundum in hydraulic drives
Authors: Puzanov A V , Simakov A L , Kosorukova O V , Kotov V V
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the perspectives for the use and scope of application of plunger pairs made of synthetic corundum in hydraulic control systems and power drives. The effect of the influence of the use of synthetic corundum in control systems and power drives of hydraulic systems of aircraft has been determined-increasing efficiency and dynamics by lowering the friction factor of 2-3, a decrease in the gaps to 0, increase the operating temperature range, and a weight loss of 10-15%. An approach to the analysis of design options for updated elements of hydraulic drives is formulated.
Integral knowledge as methodologic foundation for design of Artificial Intelligence systems
Authors: Netrebskaya O
Published: July 2021

An all-system, interdisciplinary approach in the field of artificial intelligence research, applicable for airspace industry is proposed. It is important to determine the philosophical direction in which the cognitive functions of “machine thinking” are implemented. The cognitive activity of intelligent machines depends on what is meant by the categories “intelligence”, “consciousness” or “social consciousness of machines”. In the Russian context, the system of concepts of Russian philosophy, such asintegral knowledge, is relevant as a worldview basis for the practical development of artificial intelligence systems and industrial development of anthropocentric artificial intelligence. Integral knowledge – is the leading category of Russian philosophy of the XIX century – organic synthesis of various types of knowledge. Within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach, based on system research, it is obvious that full-fledged empirical technical modeling of artificial intelligence systems is possible. Such modeling can be carried out with the imitation of “intelligence” and with the use of well-known categories: science, philosophy, etc. Scientific and methodological levels of interdisciplinary research of information interaction of robots in groups are analyzed. A scheme of systematic research of specific technical developments is proposed, which uses the features of forms of social consciousness and the integral knowledge of a person.
Interest in Physics courses for Biological and Health Science students in High School
Authors: Saavedra Brenda , Segarra Pilar
Published: July 2021

This work presents the electricity topic from a Physics course for Biological and Health Science students in High School. These students believe that Physics is not relevant to their future career or professional life. They consider themselves incapable of succeeding in the subject unless they learn by heart a lot of mathematical formulas and use them in the exam. In this way, we exposed the relation between Physics and Biological and Health Science, showing them the Electricity involved in biological phenomena. It has been observed how student’s attitudes change depending on the examples and contexts used in class.
Study on the Farmland Evaluation Index System through the Construction of Mathematical Models and Big Data
Authors: Qi Li , Shu Xiaoxiao
Published: July 2021

Basic farmland is the essence of cultivated land. To completely solve China’s food security problems and achieve stable growth of agricultural production in China, it is one of the most effective ways to build high-standard basic farmland. Therefore, this paper evaluates the high standard basic farmland. This paper evaluates the natural quality of basic farmland through the construction of mathematical models. The total cultivated land area in the hilly area of Faku County is 153061.02 hm2, while the natural quality score of cultivated land in the hilly area of Faku County is between 51 and 86. Among the equal-valued intervals, the maximum cultivated land area between ≥60-70 is 129110.25 hm2, accounting for 84.35% of the total cultivated land in the hilly area of the county, followed by the area between ≥70-80, which is 9069.44 hm2. The total area of cultivated land in the hilly area of the county is 5.92%, followed by the interval of ≥ 80 points, <60 interval, the area is 8095.61 hm2, and the ratio of 6787.72 hm2 accounts for 5.29% and 4.43% of the total cultivated land in the hilly area of the county. In general, the natural quality of cultivated land in the hilly area of Faku County is moderate.
Knowledge Modeling of Airborne Missile Management System Based on Multi-dimensional Fuzzy Ontology
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Xiao Mingqing , Sun Yao , Chen Yaojun
Published: July 2021

Health management system of airborne missiles has a large amount and variety of knowledge, but such technical documents are lack of effective management in the knowledge level. According to the technical characteristics of knowledge in the field of airborne missile health management, a HTA analysis model (Hierarchy, time, and activity analysis model) based on multi-dimensional fuzzy ontology in the health management field of airborne missiles is constructed, and ontology description language OWL is introduced to express knowledge. It provides a theoretical and methodological basis for the dynamic management of health knowledge in the field of condition monitoring, prediction and evaluation, fault diagnosis, technical service.
A Review of Hybrid FE-SEA Joint Modeling Methods
Authors: Su Jintao , Lou Jianping , Jiang Xiaolu
Published: July 2021

At present, the modeling of mixed-point connection is mainly based on the assumption of infinite structure without considering the influence of boundary factors on the modeling and analysis results. This paper reviews the modeling methods of mixed-point connection model. At the same time, the conventional modeling methods of hybrid line connection is studied for the hybrid line connection model, and some new research topics are proposed for some problems of hybrid point and hybrid line connection modelling.
A Reverse Modelling Method for Aviation Maintenance Training Simulation Device Design
Authors: Fudong Chu , Wei Zhang
Published: July 2021

To improve the design efficiency and model accuracy of aircraft maintenance training simulation device, a reverse modeling method using 3D laser scanning equipment and 3D modeling software is proposed. The point cloud data is obtained by the 3D laser scanner, and then imported into the 3D modeling software Geomagic studio. After generating surface, error analysis and other steps, a more accurate three-dimensional model is obtained. After redesigning using the 3D modeling software CATIA, the entity is generated, and the shape accuracy of the product is analyzed through the 3D deviation calculation. The data is imported into the 3D printer to quickly generate the product, and finally a high-precision product is obtained.
Research on Structural Design of Aluminum components for Large Aircraft based on Additive Manufacturing Technology
Authors: Guofang Liu
Published: July 2021

Laser-additive manufacturing technology can realize near-net forming manufacturing of structural parts by laser selective melting, and can overcome the limitation of traditional technology and realize the forming of complex components. Aluminum alloy has low density and high strength, and is widely used in aircraft structures. The paper introduces the research progress of laser-additive manufacturing technology, puts forward the design process of aluminum alloy structure of aircraft based on additive manufacturing technology, and illustrates the design feature extraction, topology optimization, strength analysis, test verification, etc., which provides reference for lightweight design of large passenger aircraft.
Research on Effectiveness Evaluation Method of Weapon System Based on Cloud Model
Authors: Ziyuan Qi , Yangyang Zhang , Liqing Fang , Mengshan Jia , Yanan Li , Guoyu Lin
Published: July 2021

The evaluation of weapon system effectiveness can provide scientific basis for improving its own and operational effectiveness, and is of great significance to enrich the theory of weapon construction. Aiming at the complexity and uncertainty of weapon system, a comprehensive evaluation method based on cloud model and AHP is proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of weapon system. Firstly, the specific steps of cloud barycenter evaluation method based on cloud model are given; then, based on the requirement analysis of weapon system, the evaluation index system is established by using analytic hierarchy process; finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by a case. The proposed method provides a new idea for weapon system effectiveness evaluation.
Inverse Kinematic Analysis of Bionic Hands Based on Fish Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Lin Min , Hong Hualin , Yuan Xiaodong , Fan Jianyu , Ji Zhifei
Published: July 2021

To simplify the solving process of the inverse kinematics problem of a bionic hand, a method of solving the inverse kinematics problem based on an artificial fish swarm algorithm was proposed in this paper. First, the kinematic equations of the bionic hand were established using the Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) parameters. By selecting the appropriate decision variables and objective functions, an optimization model was established for solving the inverse kinematics problem of the bionic hand. Then, the artificial fish swarm algorithm was used to search the solution space to find the inverse solution of the position of the bionic hand. The results show that the artificial fish swarm algorithm has good convergence performance in solving the kinematic problem of the bionic hand. Besides, the accuracy of the artificial fish swarm algorithm can be improved by adjusting parameters such as the initial number of fish swarms, visual field, crowding degree, and step size.
Simulation Research on the Viscosity Characteristics of Hydraulic Retarder
Authors: Chu Yaxu , Liu Lin , Sun Wengpeng
Published: July 2021

In order to reveal the influence of the viscosity of the transmission oil on the braking performance of the hydraulic retarder, the change law of the viscosity of the hydraulic retarder at different temperatures is analysed, and the influence of the viscosity of the working medium on its braking performance is analysed. The results show that: low-viscosity transmission oil can increase braking torque.
Structural and Thermal Design of Cryogenic Heater
Authors: Qiu Yinan , Yang Huan , Zhai Hua , Zhang Peng
Published: July 2021

Cryogenic testing heat load is the key equipment for testing the cooling capacity of large helium cryogenic refrigeration system, and the heater is the core component of it. Through the heat transfer analysis in the heating process, the specific mechanical structure and heat transfer law under cryogenic conditions are explored. The mechanical structure and thermal design of the heater are carried out, and the optimized mechanical structure is given to meet the experimental needs.
The Research on Driving Meta-model of Large Rotary-type Cylindrical Antenna
Authors: Zhiping Chen , Yongwei Wan , Xi Ling , Yu Chen , Chunguang LI
Published: July 2021

As a complex system with highly integrated multi-discipline, the large rotary-type cylindrical antenna is favored by more and more researchers in IPS detection and large-area survey observation. Due to its complex structure, huge volume and large motion inertia, high requirements on the drive system are indispensable, and there exist some certain limitations in the traditional system design method. This article proposes a large rotary-type cylindrical antenna driving system modeling method based on the meta-model. The domain-specific modeling language of the antenna driving system is defined by extending SysML, and the domain meta-model of the antenna driving system is constructed on this basis. The functional modeling of the antenna driving system is based on the meta-model to support the analysis of the antenna driving process, improve the modeling efficiency and model reusability, and provide a research foundation for the subsequent system modeling design of large antenna.
Transmission Parameter Matching and Simulation Verification of Pure Electric Vehicle
Authors: Yaxin Guo , Yi Fang
Published: July 2021

In order to promote the economy and power performance of pure electric vehicles and make the drive motor as efficient as possible in the working area, two-speed transmission system is proposed for the pure electric vehicle with fixed speed ratio. When the basic vehicle parameters are determined, the drive motor and the transmission are matched. This paper using MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform to build the model, and verify the result of pure parameter matching.