bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of a Bayesian network as a decision support tool for watershed management: A case study in a highly managed river-dominated estuary
Authors: Rumbold Darren G.
Published: August 2022

Decision making in water resource management has many dimensions including water supply, flood protection, and meeting ecological needs; therefore, is complex, full of uncertainties, and often contentious due to competing needs and distrust among stakeholders. It benefits from robust tools for supporting the decision-making process and for communicating with stakeholders. This paper presents a Bayesian Network (BN) modeling framework for analyzing various management interventions regulating freshwater discharges to an estuary. This BN was constructed using empirical data from monitoring the Caloosahatchee River Estuary in south Florida from 2008–2021 as a case study to illustrate the potential advantages of the BN approach. Results from three different management scenarios and their implications on down-estuary conditions as they affected eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and seagrass (Halodule wrightii) are presented and discussed. Finally, the directions for future applications of the BN modeling framework to support management in similar systems are offered.
Host species and environment shape the gut microbiota of cohabiting marine bivalves
Authors: Akter Shirin , Wos-Oxley Melissa L , Catalano Sarah R , Hassan Md Mahbubul , Li Xiaoxu , Qin Jian G , Oxley Andrew PA
Published: August 2022

Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) are commercially important marine bivalves that frequently coexist and have overlapping feeding ecologies. Like other invertebrates, their gut microbiota is thought to play an important role in supporting their health and nutrition. Yet, little is known regarding the role of the host and environment in driving these communities. Here, bacterial assemblages were surveyed from seawater and gut aspirates of farmed C. gigas and co-occurring wild M. galloprovincialis in summer and winter using Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Unlike seawater, which was dominated by Proteobacteria, bivalve samples largely consisted of Tenericutes (Mollicutes), and accounted for >50% of the total OTU abundance. Despite large numbers of common (core) bacterial taxa, bivalve-specific species (OTUs) were also evident and predominantly associated with Mycoplasamataceae (notably Mycoplasma). An increase in diversity (though with varied taxonomic evenness) was observed in winter for both bivalves, and was associated with changes in the abundance of core and bivalve-specific taxa, including several representing host-associated and environmental (free-living or particle-diet associated) organisms. Our findings highlight the contribution of the environment and the host in defining the composition of the gut microbiota in cohabiting, intergeneric bivalve populations.
Neural field model simulation of changes in cortical slow-wave sleep events by sensory stimulation in plasticity-evolving NREM sleep
Authors: Torres Felipe A. , Orio Patricio , Escobar María-José
Published: August 2022

Brain activity during sleep transits between discretely described stages according to different brain dynamics. In particular, the slow-wave sleep stage (N2 and N3) presents events of interest for the memory consolidation process, such as slow oscillations and sleep spindles. Evidence exists that adequate timing between a slow oscillation and a sleep spindles, together with the increase in number and power, correlates with the performance in memory consolidation tasks. Nevertheless, how the results depend on the ongoing sleep stage is unclear, considering that stimulation is typically applied only at the N3 stage. Then, the effects of stimuli application in sleep macro-architecture during the same night are not well understood. Using a mean-field model of the thalamocortical activity, including dynamics of sleep cycle, we test the effects of stimuli application on the occurrence of slow-wave events. We evaluated three stimulation conditions in different time windows transiting from the N2 to N3 sleep stage. In our findings, closed-loop stimulation elicits higher quantity of slow oscillations and sleep spindles for near N3 brain dynamic. Further, closed-loop stimulation increases the co-occurrence of slow oscillations and sleep spindles. Interestingly, stimuli application does not significantly impact the trajectory of sleep dynamics, concordant with the null effect in sleep macro-architecture reported from experimental results. Finally, we noted that the lack of refractory periods in intra-thalamic dynamics results in a high occurrence of sleep spindles with stimuli application, which is not observed in the experimental results.
WITHDRAWN: Development of extremely luminescent B, N-CQDs as a probe for the detection of antibiotics and phenol derivatives in aquatic applications
Authors: Mousa Mahmoud A. , Abdelrahman Hanaa H. , Fahmy Mamdouh A. , Ebrahim Dina G. , Moustafa Amira H.E.
Published: August 2022

The resulting antibiotic residue and organic chemicals from the growing global population have a detrimental impact on environmental and human health protection. So, we created a unique B, N-CQDs (Boron, Nitrogen doping carbon quantum dots) based fluorescent nanosensor to investigate novel sensing methodologies for the precise and concentrated identification of antibiotics and phenol derivatives substances to ensure that they are included in the permitted percentages. The as-prepared highly fluorescent B, N -CQDs had a limited range of sizes between 1 and 6 nm and average sizes of 3.33 nm and 2.8 nm in our study. Penicillin and Erythromycin may be detected efficiently using the suggested fluorescence approach, with detection limits of 10 nm and 5 nm, respectively. The novel B, N-CQDs showed high sensitivity and selectivity for phenolic derivatives such as Hydroquinone, Resorcinol, and Para aminophenol, as well as organic solvents such as Hexane, with low detection limits of 0.05µM, 0.024µM, 0.032µM, and 0.013µM in an aqueous medium. The high fluorescence B, N-CQDs probe was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV/VIS spectroscopy. The outcomes were compared to carbon quantum dots (CQDs) that had previously been made from Urea.
An Empirical Specification of Rational Inattention Multinomial Logit (RI- MNL) Model for Panel Datasets
Authors: Shakib Saeed , Habib Khandker Nurul
Published: August 2022

Classical discrete choice models are based on Random Utility Maximization (RUM), which assumes that decision makers have complete information on all of the attributes of their choices. Nowadays, this assumption is becoming less relevant with the expansion of the internet and social media, which provide a universal platform that grants anyone access to an endless amount of information. As a result, decision-making environments are transforming into settings in which individuals can be overwhelmed with information sources competing for their attention, causing them to become less attentive to the alternatives in their choice set. In such cases, individuals find themselves in scenarios where they wish to maximize utility but are uncertain about the payoffs associated with each action. There have been recent theoretical advancements in the study of the behaviour of inattentive decision makers in discrete choice contexts with the introduction of the Rational Inattention Multinomial Logit (RI-MNL) model. This paper proposes a closed-form empirical specification in the case of panel choice datasets to supplement the theoretical foundation of the (RI-MNL) model. Following this proposal is a sample application of the proposed specification using data from a panel survey on residential location preferences for the Greater Toronto Area in 2020 and 2021. This paper illustrates how the findings of the empirical model can be interpreted in the context of rational inattention theory.
Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation as a rescue therapy after nasal continuous positive airway pressure failure in infants with respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: ISHIGAMI ANA , Meneses Jucile , Alves Joao , Carvalho Juliana , Cavalcanti Emidio , Bhandari Vineet
Published: August 2022

Objective: Evaluate whether nasal intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV) as rescue therapy after initial nasal continuous positive airway (NCPAP) failure reduces need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Design: Retrospective cohort involving 156 preterm infants who failed initial NCPAP and were then submitted to NIPPV rescue therapy and classified into NIPPV success or failure, according to need for IMV. Result: Of all infants included, 85 (54.5%) were successfully rescued with NIPPV while 71 (45.5%) failed. The NIPPV success group had significantly lower rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, peri/intraventricular hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus and greater survival without morbidities (all p≤0.01). Infants who failed NIPPV had earlier initial NCPAP failure (p=0.09). In final logistic regression model, birthweight ≤1000 g and need for surfactant remained significant factors for NIPPV failure. Conclusion: NIPPV rescue therapy reduced the need for IMV in infants that failed NCPAP and was associated with better outcomes.
The clinical application of micro-catheter and micro-guidewire rail technique in transcatheter closure for children with very small patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Huang Haojia , Lu Jinguo , Geng Wenlei , Hu Hai-bo , Pan Xiang-bin
Published: August 2022

Objective
Percutaneous closure of the small Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) that a conventional 0.035″hydrophilic guide wire cannot pass through was challenging. A new technique of using a coronary guidewire with microcatheter assistance in the closure of the small PDA via AmplatzerDuctOccluderⅡ(ADOⅡ) was developed.
Methods
This is a single-center, retrospective study from April 2017 to December 2019, including 12 patients. A 0.014″ coronary guidewire (BMW, Abbott, tip load 0.7g) with the assistance of a 1.9F-2.4F catheter was advanced into the PDA. A 4F or 5F delivery system was chosen to deliver the ADOⅡdevice by either an antegrade (venous) or retrograde (arterial) approach with the support of a semi-rail or a full rail: a guidewire-established femoral arteriovenous loop.All patients completed a 6-month follow-up.
Results
Successful PDA closure via this technique in all patients was achieved (n = 15). The average diameter of the PDAs detected by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and aortic angiography were1.61 ± 0.53mm (1.00-2.50mm), 0.76 ± 0.83mm (0.50-0.80mm) respectively. No complications were found during the procedure and the follow-up period.
Conclusion
Using a coronary guidewirewith the assistance of a microcatheter to close small PDA is safe and effective, and thereby offers a new opportunity to improve the success rate of percutaneous closure of a PDA.
Altered spontaneous brain activity in maintenance hemodialysis patients with cognitive impairment
Authors: Sun Qing , Zheng Jiahui , Wu Xiangxiang , Xu Lifang , Shi Haifeng , Liu Tongqiang
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE: To measure changes in spontaneous brain activity in maintenance hemodialysis patients (MHD) with cognitive impairment (CI) by combining resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and exploring the relationship between spontaneous brain activity and clinical indicators.METHODS: We selected 50 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis at the Second People's Hospital of Changzhou City from September 2020 to December 2021; 37 healthy volunteers were recruited during the same period, and all subjects underwent neuropsychological testing and rs-fMRI. Data analysis was performed after image preprocessing to explore spontaneous brain activity changes in differential brain regions of MHD-CI patients and to analyze the correlation between spontaneous brain activity and clinical variables.RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls, patients with MHD-CI had lower mean ALFF (mALFF) values in the left postcentral gyrus, lower mean fALFF (mfALFF) values in the left medial superior frontal gyrus, and lower mean mReHo (mReHo) values in the left middle occipital gyrus; by contrast, there were greater mALFF values in the left fusiform, left parahippocampal gyrus, right hippocampus, left caudate nucleus, and right caudate nucleus (p < 0.05). Compared with the MHD-NCI group, patients with MHD-CI had lower mALFF values in the left postcentral gyrus, lower mfALFF values in the left inferior temporal gyrus, and greater mALFF values in the right caudate nucleus (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that mALFF values in the left postcentral gyrus of MHD-CI patients were significantly positively correlated with hemoglobin levels (r = 0.671, p = 0.000) and negatively correlated with urea nitrogen (r = –0.457, p = 0.011); mfALFF values in the left inferior temporal gyrus were significantly negatively correlated with urea nitrogen levels (r = –0.583, p = 0.000). Receiver operating characteristic curves suggested that all differential brain regions were diagnostically effective (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with MHD-CI have abnormal spontaneous brain activity in several brain regions, among which the left postcentral gyrus and left inferior temporal gyrus might be critical for the neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction. Correction of anemia and adjustment of urea nitrogen levels might help prevent CI in MHD patients.
A Comparative Study on Evolutionary Multi-objective Algorithms for Next Release Problem
Authors: Rahimi Iman , Gandomi Amir H , Nikoo Mohammad Reza , Chen Fang
Published: August 2022

The next release problem (NRP) refers to implementing the next release of software in the software industry regarding the expected revenues; specifically, constraints like limited budgets indicate that the total cost corresponding to the next software release should be minimized. This paper uses and investigates the comparative performance of nineteen state-of-the-art evolutionary multi-objective algorithms, including NSGA-II, rNSGA-II, NSGA-III, MOEAD, EFRRR, tDEA, KnEA, MOMBIII, SPEA2, RVEA, NNIA, HypE, ANSGA-III, BiGE, GrEA, IDBEA, SPEAR, SPEA2SDE, and MOPSO, that can tackle this problem. The problem was designed to maximize the customer satisfaction and minimize the total required cost. Three indicators, namely hyper-volume (HV), spread, and runtime, were examined to compare the algorithms. Two types of datasets, i.e., classic and realistic data, from small to large scale were also examined to verify the applicability of the results. Overall, NSGA-II exhibited the best CPU run time in all test scales, and, also, the results shows that the HV and spread values of 1st and 2nd best algorithms (NNIA and SPEAR), for which most HV values for NNIA are bigger 0.708 and smaller than 1, while the HV values for SPEAR vary between 0.706 and 0.708. Finally, the conclusion and direction for future works are discussed.
Characterization of two 1,3-β-glucan-modifying enzymes from Penicillium sumatraense reveals new insights into 1,3-β-glucan metabolism of fungal saprotrophs.
Authors: Scafati Valentina , Troilo Francesca , Ponziani Sara , Giovannoni Moira , Scortica Anna , Pontiggia Daniela , Angelucci Francesco , Matteo Adele Di , Mattei Benedetta , Benedetti Manuel
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND
1,3-β-glucan is a polysaccharide widely distributed in the cell wall of several phylogenetically distant organisms such as bacteria, fungi, plants and micro-algae. The presence of highly active 1,3-β-glucanases in fungi evokes the biological question on how these organisms can efficiently metabolize exogenous sources of 1,3-β-glucan without incurring in autolysis.
RESULTS
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms at the basis of 1,3-β-glucan metabolism in fungal saprotrophs, the putative exo-1,3-β-glucanase G9376 and a truncated form of the putative glucan endo-1,3-β-glucosidase (ΔG7048) from Penicillium sumatraense AQ67100 were heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and characterized both in terms of activity and structure. G9376 efficiently converted laminarin and 1,3-β-glucan oligomers into glucose by acting as an exo-glycosidase, whereas G7048 displayed a 1,3-β-transglucanase/branching activity towards 1,3-β-glucan oligomers with a degree of polymerization higher than 5, making these oligomers more recalcitrant to the hydrolysis acted by exo-1,3-β-glucanase G9376. The X-ray crystallographic structure of the catalytic domain of G7048, solved at 1.9 Å of resolution, consists of a (𝛽/𝛼)8 TIM-barrel fold characteristic of all the GH17 family members. The catalytic site is in a V-shaped cleft containing the two conserved catalytic glutamic residues. Molecular features compatible with the activity of G7048 as 1,3-β-transglucanase are discussed.
CONCLUSIONS
The antagonizing activity between ΔG7048 and G9376 suggested how opportunistic fungi belonging to Penicillium genus may feed on substrates similar for composition and structure to their own cell wall without incurring in a self-deleterious autohydrolysis.
RBM15 suppresses hepatic insulin sensitivity of offspring of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Mice via m6A-mediated regulation of CLDN4
Authors: Fang Jie , Qi Hongbo , Wu Xiafei , He Jie , Zhang Hanwen , Chen Xuyang , Zhang Hua , Novakovic Boris , Yu Xinyang
Published: August 2022

Background
Gestational diabetes Mellitus (GDM)is a common pregnancy-specific disease with high morbidity, which is linked to a high risk of obesity and diabetes in offspring. N6-methyladenosine modification of RNA is emerging as an important epigenetic mechanism that is widely manifested in many diseases. Emerging evidence revealed that m6A is involved in various disease, however, the role of m6A methylation in metabolic syndrome in offspring result from intrauterine hyperglycemia remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of m6A in regulation of hepatic insulin sensitivity.
Results
In this study, we found that offspring from a GDM mother were more vulnerable to glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. GC-MS revealed significant metabolic changes including saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids in liver of GDM offspring. We also demonstrated that global mRNA m6A methylation level was significantly increased in the fetal liver of GDM mice, indicating epigenetic change may have a strong relationship with the mechanism of metabolism syndrome. Concordantly, RBM15, the RNA binding methyltransferase, was upregulated in the liver. In vitro, RBM15 suppressed insulin sensitivity and increased insulin resistance through m6A-regulated epigenetic inhabitation of CLDN4. Moreover, MeRIP-sequencing and mRNA-sequencing revealed that differently regulated genes with differential m6A peaks were enriched in metabolic pathways.
Conclusion
Our study revealed the essential role of RBM15 in insulin resistance and the effect of RBM15-regulated m6A modification in the metabolic syndrome of offspring of GDM mice.
Regional differences in the reduction of cerebral FDG uptake induced by the ketogenic diet
Authors: Bennett Olivia A , Ramsay Stuart , Malacova Eva , Bourgeat Pierrick , Goodman Steven J , Dunn Camille J , Robinson Brittany M , Lee Kevin , Pattison David A
Published: August 2022

Background
The postulated benefits of the ketogenic diet in the management of multiple medical conditions has seen more patients who are in therapeutic ketosis attending for 18F-FDG PET scans. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ketosis on cerebral glucose metabolism in a clinical PET scanning environment using 18F-FDG uptake as a surrogate marker.
Methods
A retrospective audit was conducted of the brain 18F-FDG uptake in 52 patients who underwent PET scans for possible cardiac sarcoidosis or suspected intracardiac infection, following a ketogenic diet and prolonged fasting. SUVbw for whole brain and separate brain regions was compared to serum glucose and serum ketone body (beta-hydroxybutyrate) levels.
Results
The expected negative association between serum glucose levels and whole brain 18F-FDG uptake was confirmed. A reduction in SUVbw due to increasing serum ketones levels was also observed that was independent of and in addition to the effects of glucose. The magnitude of the reduction in SUVbw related to serum glucose level and serum ketone level was found to be greater in the precuneus than in the cerebellum or whole brain.
Conclusion
In a real world clinical PET setting, cerebral 18F-FDG uptake appears to be affected by glycaemia and ketonaemia. This means when assessing the brain, both serum glucose and ketone levels need to be considered when SUVs are used to distinguish between pathologic and physiologic states. The magnitude of this effect appears to vary between different brain regions. This regional difference should be taken into consideration when selecting the appropriate brain region for SUV normalisation particularly when undertaking database comparison in the assessment of dementia.
Self-rated health among older adults in India: Gender specific findings from National Sample Survey
Authors: Akhtar Saddaf Naaz , Saikia Nandita , Muhammad T.
Published: August 2022

Background: This study examined whether and what determinants of gender disparity exist current self-rated health (SRHcurrent) and change in SRH (SRHchange) among older adults in Indian setting. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the 75th National Sample Survey Organizations (NSSO), collected from July 2017 to June 2018. The analytical sample constitutes 42,759 older individuals aged 60 years or older with 21,902 older men and 20,857 older women (eliminating two non-binary individuals). Outcome measures include two variables of poor/worse SRH status (SRHcurrent and SRHchange). We have calculated absolute gaps in the prevalence of poor SRHcurrent and worse SRHchange by background characteristics. We carried out binary logistic regression models to examine the predictors of poor SRHcurrent and worse SRHchange among older adults.Results: The overall absolute gender gap in poor SRHcurrent was 3.27% and it was 0.58% in worse SRHchange. Older women had significantly higher odds of poor SRHcurrent [AOR=1.09; CI=0.99, 1.19] and worse SRHchange [AOR=1.09; CI=1.02, 1.16] compared to older men. Older adults belonging to middle-aged, oldest-old, economically dependent, not working, physically immobile, suffering from chronic diseases, hospitalized, belonging to Muslim religion, and Eastern region have found to have poor SRHcurrent and worse SRHchange. While educational attainments showed glaring lower significant odds of have poor SRHcurrent and worse SRHchange compared to those with no education. Respondents belonging to richest income quintile and not covered by any health insurance, belonging to Schedule caste, OBC, Western and Southern regions are found to have poor SRHcurrent and worse SRHchange. Compared to those in the urban residence, respondents from rural residence [AOR=1.09; CI=1.02, 1.16] has higher odds of worse SRHchange.Conclusions: There is a clear gender gap observed in poor current SRH and worse change in SRH among older adults in India. This study addressed the significant public health concern, which is crucial to address the challenge of the older people’s health and their perception of well-being.
Core to solar wind: a stepwise model for heating the solar corona
Authors: Vita-Finzi Claudio
Published: August 2022

The connection between nuclear fusion in the Sun’s core and solar irradiance, a central concern in climatology as well as astronomy, is obscured by uncertainty over the mechanism of coronal heating. Data from ground- and space-based instruments suggest that no single process is responsible and instead point to a cascade of mechanisms linking the solar interior with the solar wind. Electromagnetic energy derived from the Sun’s convection zone, and mediated by pseudo-Taylor column spin, gives rise to ohmic heating in the chromosphere raising its temperature to ~ 30,000 K. This triggers Joule-Thomson heating to 250,000 K in the transition region, whereupon plasma expansion in the near-vacuum of space takes over and brings the temperature to >1-2 million K. Besides accounting for the zonation of the solar atmosphere, the proposed sequence helps to explain how temperature increases stepwise away from the solar core and why the solar wind and photospheric sunspots share periodicities. Tokamak theory and practice complement astronomical modelling as the basis for an explanation. The scheme may apply to other solar stellar coronae.
Role of Pronase E in Isolation of Chondrocytes from Cartilage of Elderly Patients Receiving Total Joint Replacement
Authors: Mao Jiamin , Huang Lexi , Ding Yiyang , Ma Xiaoyu , Wang Quanming , Ding Lei
Published: August 2022

Purpose
To examine the specific role of pronase E in isolation of human chondrocytes derived from total joint arthroplasty.
Methods
Cartilage were shaved from femoral head or tibial plateau of patients receiving total hip or knee joint replacement surgery (16 hips, 8 knees). Cartilage were subjected to 0.02% collagenase IA digestion for 16 hrs with (N = 19) or without (N = 5) the pre-treatment of 0.4% pronase E for 1.5 hrs. At the end of collagenase digestion, chondrocyte yield and viability were assessed. Chondrocyte phenotype was determined by the expression ratio of collagen type II to I. The morphology of cultured chondrocytes was monitored with a light microscope.
Results
Cell yield from pronase E pre-treatment group was significantly higher than that from the group without the pre-treatment (3,399 ± 1,637 cells/mg wet cartilage vs. 1,895 ± 688 cells/mg wet cartilage; P = 0.0067). Cell viability in the former group was also significantly higher than that in the latter (94% ± 2% vs. 86% ± 6%; P = 0.03). When cultured in monolayers, cells from cartilage with pronase E pre-treatment grew in a single plane showing rounded shape while cells from the other group grew in multi-planes and exhibited irregular shape. The mRNA expression ratio of collagen type II to I was 13.2 ± 7.5 in cells isolated from cartilage pre-treated with pronase E, indicating a typical chondrocyte phenotype.
Conclusion
Pronase E pre-treatment of human cartilage was crucial for chondrocyte isolation with collagenase IA and in vitro culturing.
Characteristics of the gut microbiome in patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: Han Ziyang , Xu Hui , Yu Shaobin , Kang Mingqiang , Chen Shuchen
Published: August 2022

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) is a malignant tumor with high degree of malignancy worldwide, and the 5-year survival rate is only 20%. Previous evidence has linked the composition of gut bacteria to inflammation and the development of cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between intestinal flora composition and ESCC. In this study, fecal flora was used to represent gastrointestinal flora, and the specimens in the experimental group were stool of patients with ESCC confirmed by pathology. Stool samples from 13 patients with ESCC were collected as experimental group(ESCC), and stool samples from 13 healthy people were collected as control group(HC). There were 762 OTUs in the ESCC group and the HC group, 703 OTUs in the ESCC group and 418 OTUs in the HC group. Prevotella, butyricella and Satterella were the most abundant in the preoperative feces of patients with ESCC, while the most abundant in the feces of healthy people were cyanobacteria, pilonospiraceae and Sitterella. KEGG analysis showed that there were significant differences in membrane and intracellular structural molecules, cell antigens, toluene degradation, biosynthesis of ubiquitin and other terpanoid quinones, spindolipid biosynthesis and ganglia metabolic pathways between ESCC group and HC group. COG analysis showed that the ESCC group contained more peritinase, 2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2, 4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate synthetase, pyruvate: ferridoxin oxidoreductase and related 2-oxic acid: ferridoxin oxidoreductase β subunits. The occurrence and development of ESCC reduces the diversity of intestinal flora, and the composition of intestinal flora of ESCC is significantly different from that of HC, especially bacteria related to inflammation and lipid metabolism, which may become pathogenic bacteria promoting the development of ESCC.
Hydroalcoholic extract of Moringa oleifera therapeutic effect and sulfurphane on melanoma cancer
Authors: Ghaedamini Nahid , Hejazi Seyed Hossein , Morshedtalab Zeinab , Fazilati Mohammad , Nazem Habibollah , Seddigh Alireza
Published: August 2022

Background
This study aimed to investigate the effect of plants extract on anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties on metastasis.
Methods
At first, the phenolic compounds in Moringa oleifera were confirmed by HPLC and spectrophotometer methods, then the anticancer effect of phenolic compounds sulforaphane and Moringa oleifera on B16F10 cancer cells was investigated. Then, induction of melanoma tumor by B16F10 cell line was induced in C57BL6 mice, and the mice were treated with extract. Quercetin, gallic acid, and caffeic acid were identified in extract.
Results
The rate of cell death in the sulforaphane-exposed cell group was lower than in the cell treated with Moringa oleifera group. Tumor volume in all three doses of 0.04, 0.08, 0.02 g Moringa extract or phenolic compounds decreased significantly after one week and two weeks (P < 0.001). Tumor volume decreased by 0.02 g more than the other two doses (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
This study shows the positive effect of antioxidants in Moringa oleifera extract in reducing the life of cancer cells and tumor volume in mice. With further studies, Moringa oleifera can be introduced as an anticancer drug with more confidence. It is recommended to perform studies in human tests.
Potential spectrum of accompanied penetrating abdominal intra-peritoneal injuries with bowel evisceration: Surprises awaiting the trauma Surgeon in resource limited settings.
Authors: Shabhay Ahmed , Shabhay Zarina , Chilonga Kondo , Msuya David , Massaga Fabian , Mwakyembe Theresia , Chugulu Samwel
Published: August 2022

Penetrating abdominal injuries involves violation of the peritoneal cavity and injuries to solid organs, and other intra-peritoneal viscera such as major blood vessels and hollow organs. Typically such injuries arise from Gunshot wounds or stab wounds. With increase in crime rates and motor traffic accidents in urban areas, the trauma surgeon in civilian urban centers faces spectrum of injuries similar to his colleague in war torn areas. Potential spectrum of penetrating abdominal injuries is wide and accurate diagnosis in resource limited centers is challenging. Majority of injuries are concealed and diagnosed intra-operatively and dealt with relatively junior trauma surgeons in emergency settings in remote limited settings. Computed Tomography (CT) scans and Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) facilities are scarce in resource limited settings. Haemo-dynamic states of penetrating abdominal injuries patients presenting in emergency departments necessitate urgent surgical exploration and management with minimal room for full radiological work-up. Evisceration of bowels mandate laparotomy due to wide spectrum of accompanied intra-peritoneal injuries. Four cases of penetrating abdominal injuries are presented with modes of assault ranging from Gunshot injuries to stab wounds with broken bottles to highlight the intra-abdominal spectrum of injuries, challenges in diagnosis and emergency managements done in a resource limited setting.
THE EFFECT OF WORKING CAPITAL, PRODUCTION COSTS, DISTRIBUTION COSTS, MARKETING COSTS AND SALES ON NET PROFIT AT YUN’S COLLECTION HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY
Authors: Rohana Nanda Fitrias Siti
Published: August 2022

This study hopes to conclude the impact of working capital, creation costs, conveyance costs, promoting expenses, and deals volume on the benefits of the Yun's Collection home industry organization in 2016-2020 either to some degree or at the same time. The methodology utilized in this exploration is quantitative. The populace utilized is the Yun's Collection home industry, while the examination test is the proprietor of the Yun's Collection home industry. The information utilized is essential information with interview information assortment strategies and documentation.The information examination procedure utilized different direct relapse investigation helped by SPSS 16.0 programming. The consequences of the investigation show that to some degree working capital, creation costs, showcasing expenses and deals volume altogether affect total compensation, while appropriation costs meaningfully affect overall gain. All the while, working capital, creation costs, conveyance costs, promoting expenses, and deals volumes essentially affect the benefits of Yun's Collection home industry organizations in 2016-2020.
Sofi Oksasen romaanitaide. Kertomus, etiikka, retoriikka
Authors: Lehtimäki Markku
Published: August 2022

The Art of Sofi Oksanen’s Novels. Narrative, Ethics, Rhetoric Sofi Oksanen is the most visible and widely discussed Finnish author of the 21st century, yet her novels have gained less attention than her public performances. This study shifts the focus from the author’s persona to her literary art, proposing to read Oksanen’s fiction from the methodological viewpoint of the rhetorical theory of narrative. Accordingly, Oksanen’s six novels published to date – Stalinin lehmät, Baby Jane, Puhdistus, Kun kyyhkyset katosivat, Norma, and Koirapuisto – are considered as examples of authorial rhetoric and ethics, as narrative and textual constructions, and as affective readerly experiences. Instead of only following the rhetorical theory’s emphasis on character, plot, and progression, however, the study develops a new kind of narrative rhetoric, which also pays attention to language and politics. In the study, Sofi Oksanen emerges as a feminist narrative artist, who employs fiction as a serious rhetorical resource in order to say something worthwhile about the past history as well as the contemporary world.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy secondary to alcohol withdrawal
Authors: Ahmed Faizan , Spindel Jeffrey F , Belur Agastya , Ghafghazi Shahab
Published: August 2022

Physical, mental, and emotional stressors have been well known to adversely affect cardiac function. A rare complication of such stressors is stress cardiomyopathy, otherwise known as takotsubo cardiomyopathy. First identified in Japan in the 1990s, takotsubo cardiomyopathy classically presents with systolic dysfunction and apical ballooning. In this report, we present the case of a patient with a medical history of alcohol abuse who presented to the emergency department after being found unresponsive by her family. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed takotsubo cardiomyopathy, which was likely secondary to alcohol withdrawal. Alcohol withdrawal causes an imbalance between various neurotransmitters such as GABA and glutamate. This imbalance caused autonomic overactivity, which manifested as stress cardiomyopathy.
Al-qur’an braille sebagai media dakwah kepada penyandang DSN dan untuk meningkatkan literasi Islam
Authors: Rohimi Primi , Nufus Zahrotun
Published: August 2022

People with blind sensory disabilities use da’wa media that make it easier to receive da’wa messages. The purpose of this study was to describe the dakwah among people with visually impaired sensory at the Pendowo Kudus Pendowo Pendowo Kudus Social Services for Sensory Disabilities which includes an overview of dakwah; the use of the Braille Qur'an as a medium of dakwah; and the supporting and inhibiting factors. This research is field research that uses a qualitative approach. The process of collecting data using semi-structured interviews, observation, and documentation. This study concludes that dakwah at the Pendowo Kudus Pendowo Netra Sensory Disability Social Service Center includes an invitation to perform obligatory and sunnah worship. The use of the Braille Qur'an as a medium of dakwah begins with teaching Braille Al-Qur'an reading and writing. The supporting factor of the Braille Qur'an as a medium of dakwah is to know the word of God not only through sound but the tactual nature (touchable/touchable and sound) in the Braille Qur'an which is considered appropriate for people with visually impaired persons. The letters in the Braille Qur'an have similarities with the Latin Braille letters so that they are easier to learn. The paper used also has a special standard, so it is not easily damaged. The inhibiting factor in the use of the Braille Qur'an is the determination to learn. The separated form per juz makes it less practical. Purchases of Braille Korans must go through an order because not every store provides Braille Korans. People with blind sensory disabilities who have wet hands can be an obstacle in the learning process. To be able to master reading in the Braille Qur'an, takes quite a long time because the letters and stakes are written separately in the Braille Qur'an.
Manajemen komunikasi pariwisata: bone bolango dan pandemi covid-19
Authors: Talalu Taufik R. , Sadewo Bondan Ariyanto
Published: August 2022

The decrease of tourist visits in Bone Bolango Regency as a portrait of Covid-19 impact indicates the strategic objectives of Tourism and Creative Economy Department (Disparekraf), which is to increase the number of tourists, cannot be achieved. The purpose of this study is to identify the department’s method to increase the number of tourists in order to restore the tourism sector in the region, as well as the application of tourism communication management, specifically the settings of tourism communication channel by the department. The data was collected using interviews, observation, and documentation study to be analyzed based on the four stages in the interactive model by Miles Huberman; namely data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The findings showed the settings of the communication channel was expected to restore the tourism sector in Bone Bolango Regency with both internal and external audience, while WhatsApp and Zoom were used for internal audiences. Facebook, Instagram, and the website were used for external audiences. These channels were used because it was more practical and reached more external audiences. However, it did not contain attractive and complete informations regarding tourist attraction in Bone Bolango Regency.
Water consumption habits of a north-western Turkish community: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ayranci Unal , Yildiz Merve Sezer , Demirci Ahmet
Published: August 2022

The aim was to determine the drinking water preferences of people applied to a family health center. This cross-sectional study was carried out from 1 April to 31 May 2022. The data were evaluated using the chi-square test and percent ratios with a significance of p < 0.05. The mean age of all 432 respondents was 48.03 ± 15.86. It was determined that those aged 31–45 had drunk more bottled water (p < 0.01) and more spring water (p < 0.001), than those aged 65 and above and had more purified water (p < 0.001), than women who had more tap water (p < 0.001), than married people who had more demijohn and tap water (p < 0.001, each one), than divorced/widows who had more packaged and purified water (p < 0.001, each one), than the illiterate/literate who had bottled water (p < 0.001, per one) and than those who had no income/people who lived on the state or municipal assistance who had only carboy water (p < 0.001). This study suggests that the biggest factor that positively affected the drinking water preference was the packaging of the water. However, the drinking rates of mains water and spring water were quite low. Convincing the authorities to make the mains water drinkable is of great importance in terms of overcoming the public's distrust of mains water.
Exploring necessity to pre-treat organic fraction of waste prior to use in an earthen MFC modified with bentonite
Authors: Gurjar Rishi , Behera Manaswini
Published: August 2022

In this study, the addition of bentonite at different proportions as clay minerals and various thicknesses (4, 5, and 6 mm) of ceramic membranes were evaluated for proton and oxygen mass transfer coefficients. Bentonite (20% and 4 mm) was found to be optimum and was then employed to assess earthen microbial fuel cell (EMFC) performance for different substrates (kitchen waste (KW) slurry and leachate) under batch mode. Both substrates were added in different concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD), i.e., 18, 15.2, 12.5, 9.7, and 6.9 g/L to EMFCs. The EMFC achieved superior organic removals for leachate (>96%). Intriguingly, the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) generation and consumption were different for each substrate. Each system expressed affinity towards acetic acid, but limited VFAs (acetic and propionic) were generated by KW while leachate generated acetic, propionic, and butyric. The leachate concentration having COD of 15.2 g/L produced the highest power density of 586.5 ± 38.8 mW/m3, while for KW, only 41.5 mW/m3 (6.9 g/L of COD for KW) was obtained. The study consolidates the need for an intermediate step to pre-treat the organic fraction of waste before its use for resource recovery. Bentonite was found as an effective clay mineral for manufacturing ceramic membranes.
O amor como significação para uma sociologia da individualização: esboço de uma analítica de relacionamentos afetivos na contemporaneidade
Authors: Rossi Túlio
Published: August 2022

Apresenta-se uma proposta analítica do amor erótico a partir da sociologia, relacionando-o a modos e discursos de produção da si na atualidade. Tal proposta integra minha atual pesquisa que objetiva analisar, em sua dimensão cultural e simbólica, os processos de individualização contemporâneos. Estabelecendo conexão com trabalhos anteriores, o amor desponta como importante elemento de reconhecimento e validação de si, sendo analisado enquanto tipo específico de significação, tanto de experiências, quanto de gestos; relações e sentimentos, culminando na produção de um sentido reiterativo da individualidade dos amantes. Entende-se que há uma relação recíproca entre a cultura individualista e os ideais amorosos contemporâneos de modo a extrapolar o subjetivismo associado a esses temas, constituindo, portanto, objeto relevante de pesquisa sociológica.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR KAMPUNG NELAYAN KANIGORO GUNUNGKIDUL MENJADI KAMPUNG RAMAH ANAK
Authors: Setyaningrum Dewi
Published: August 2022

Kondisi fisik kampung nelayan Kanigoro belum mewadahi aktivitas, proses tumbuh kembang, dan belum memenuhi kriteria ramah anak. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang berpengaruh dan membuat suatu kampung dapat dikatakan ramah anak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Pengambilan data pada metode kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menyebar kuesioner kepada 95 responden yang telah ditentukan jumlahnya pada sepuluh RT berdasarkan perhintungan sampel. Data hasil penyebaran kuesioner tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis faktor. Hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan analisis faktor yaitu terdapat faktor yang sangat berpengaruh dalam mempengaruhi kampung nelayan Kanigoro untuk menjadi ramah anak dengan nilai pengaruh 33,431% yaitu tempat berobat, area bermain, persampahan, fasilitas keamanan dan faktor berpengaruh dengan nilai pengaruh 12,469% yaitu sekolah dan acar cara kebudayaan.
Application of artificial intelligence in the Nigerian building and construction industry
Authors:   Department of Building Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, et al. Owolabi
Published: August 2022

The uniqueness and inherent complexities of the construction industry require the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to improve its processes and enhance overall competitiveness and performance. This study examined the awareness level and application of AI to provide useful insights into the state of AI applications in the Nigerian construction industry. A quantitative research design with the use of a questionnaire was used to obtain data from 53 construction professionals in the Lagos Island area of Lagos State, Nigeria. The professionals included Quantity Surveyors, Architects, Civil Engineers, Builders, and Estate Surveyors selected based on a purposive sampling technique. Data from the survey were analyzed with frequencies, mean, and ANOVA. The study found that most of the respondents were aware of the application of AI in construction, and there was no difference in the awareness level of the participants irrespective of their professional affiliations, organizational type, and organizational size. Generally, the most common application of AI among the participants surveyed were generative designs in BIM, measurement and estimating software, and the use of sensors in intelligent buildings. Moreover, design and project planning was found to be the most critical areas of need for AI in the study area. The study underscores the need for investments in other AI applications other than BIM and estimating software to improve productivity, performance, and enhance client satisfaction.
A study of therapeutic intervention methods to improve proprioception among hemiplegic stroke patients
Authors:   Department of Physical Therapy, Kyungdong University, Sokcho, South Korea, Lee Jung-Ho
Published: August 2022

The present study uses proprioceptive neuromuscular stimulation (which can increase nerve plasticity by stimulating proprioception) and modified mirror therapy to provide feedback in order to investigate these treatments’ effects on upper-limb functions and daily living activities among stroke patients. The experimental group (n=15) underwent a mirror therapy program after PNF for 30 minutes three times weekly, for a total of 18 treatment sessions. Meanwhile, the control group (n=15) underwent only PNF treatment three times weekly for a total of 18 treatment sessions. Evaluations of participants’ paretic upper-limb functions and ability, as well as their daily living activities, were conducted using the Fugl-Meyer assessment scale (FMA), manual function test (MFT), motor activity log (MAL), and functional independence measure (FIM). The FMA, MFT, MAL, and FIM scores of the experimental group differed statistically significantly from those of the control group in terms of curative effects. Thus, the results of this study show that PNF and mirror therapy are effective interventions to improve upper-limb functions and activities, as well as the performance of daily living activities, among hemiplegic stroke patients.