bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of institutions in fiscal discipline: Fiscal rules, budgetary procedures, fiscal agencies
Mali disiplinin sağlanmasında kurumların rolü: Mali kurallar, bütçesel prosedürler, mali kuruluşlar
Authors: Altun Tülin
Published: November 2017

Not only do the principal-agent and common pool problems in public finance cause public resources to be allocated in an inefficient manner, they also lead to fiscal distortions. In order to overcome these issues, a variety of fiscal institutions are recommended in the literature. In this study, the roles that may be undertaken by fiscal rules, budgetary procedures, and fiscal agencies are discussed in light of theoretical/empirical studies and national experiences. Just as the efficiency of fiscal institutions is tied to a country’s budgetary procedures, the success of fiscal councils is tied to fiscal rules. Institutions are not alternatives to each other, but are rather complementary to each other. By ensuring fiscal transparency and implementing an accountability mechanism, fiscal institutions may generate fiscal discipline.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetKamu maliyesinde, asıl-vekil ve ortak havuz problemi, kamu kaynaklarının etkin olmayan şekilde tahsis edilmesine yol açmakta ve mali bozulmalara neden olmaktadır.  Literatürde bu sorunların üstesinden gelinmesi için çeşitli mali kurumlar önerilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, mali kurallar, bütçesel prosedürler ve mali kuruluşların mali disiplini sağlamada üstlenebileceği roller, teorik, ampirik çalışmalar ve ülke deneyimleri üzerinden tartışılmıştır. Mali kuralların etkinliği, ülkelerin bütçesel prosedürlerine bağlı olduğu gibi, mali konseylerin başarısı da mali kuralların varlığına bağlıdır. Kurumlar, birbirlerinin alternatifi değil, tamamlayıcısıdır. Mali kurumlar mali şeffaflığı sağlayarak, hesap verebilirlik mekanizmasını işlettiği takdirde mali disiplini sağlamaktadır.
Effect of Protein and Polysaccharide-Based Edible Coatings on Quality of Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) During Drying
Authors: De Oliveira  , Silva Keila de S.
Published: November 2017

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the application of three different edible coatings as pretreatment to drying and their influence on mass transfer kinetics, vitamin C retention and color preservation during process. Therefore, part of the slices of kiwifruit was covered with the pectin (with and without glycerol), another part was covered with the soy protein isolate and the rest of the samples were used as control, before the drying process at 60 °C and 70 °C. Vitamin C, color and water content were analyzed before and after the drying. Fick’s model and Page model were fitted to the experimental data obtained in drying process. The results highlighted the potential of using edible coating as an alternative to obtain high-quality dried food, reducing vitamin C losses and the darkening of the product without affecting the mass transfer during hot air drying.
Effect of Glycosylation Degree of Quercetin on Its In Vitro Bioaccessibility in Food Grade Organogels
Authors: Rocha-Amador Omar Gerardo , Gallegos-Infante Jose Alberto , Huang Qingrong , González-Laredo Ruben Francisco
Published: November 2017

Bioavailability of lipophilic bioactive represents a main concern in food industries. Several methods have been used to enhance it. Organogels is an alternative to improve lipophilic substances delivery. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of organogel structures on digestibility of quercetin. Commercial monoacylglycerides (Myverol) was used as gelator. Three different vegetable oils were used (canola, corn, and soy). Samples were subject to rheological test, polarized light microscopy, and quercetin bioaccessibility. Results indicated that organogels prepared with canola oil showed higher elastic modulus, crystalline level, most ordered needled-shaped network, and higher bioaccessibility of quercetin. Quercetin glycosylation degree influences its behavior; better results in mechanical tests were observed for quercetin with lower degree of glycosylation. Higher bioaccessibility was obtained at higher glycosylation levels. Thus, a more resistant structure enhances compound release, but this is dependent on the oil type and the degree of glycosylation of quercetin.
Stemmatics and the Old French Prose Arthurian Romance Editions
Authors: Leonardi Lino
Published: November 2017

Stemmatics, that is the branch of philology concerned with analysing the relationships among extant variant versions of a text, is not a common tool in the study of the manuscript traditions of Arthurian Old French Prose Romances. Moreover, the lack of faith in the method has often led to its being implemented unsatisfactorily. However, it would be possible to proceed differently in applying stemmatics to this type of textual tradition; and this method could also be very useful in order to understand the genesis of texts, their reconstruction, and their reception. The discussion focuses on editions of the most important romances, such as the Lancelot-Grail-Cycle, the Prose Tristan and the Guiron-Cycle.
Cohort-generations and the cumulative effects of life-events on political integration in Hungary
Authors: Szabó Andrea , Oross Dániel
Published: November 2017

In our study, we wish to give an overview of integration mechanisms in Hungarian society. We focus on system integration, that is, on the political processes and interactions that re-establish social mechanisms of co-existence in society. We approach system integration from the dimension of action. Three hypotheses are tested on the database of Integration and Disintegration Processes within the Hungarian Society project. We present what explanatory factors influence the electoral, traditional and direct forms of political activity. We also discuss the relationship between cohorts, life events and participation, as well as the link between clients and participation.
Amphetamine Reverses Escalated Cocaine Intake via Restoration of Dopamine Transporter Conformation
Authors: Siciliano Cody A. , Saha Kaustuv , Calipari Erin S. , Fordahl Steve C. , Chen Rong , Khoshbouei Habibeh , Jones Sara R.
Published: November 2017

Cocaine abuse disrupts dopamine system function, and reduces cocaine inhibition of the dopamine transporter (DAT), which results in tolerance. Although tolerance is a hallmark of cocaine addiction and a DSM-V criterion for substance abuse disorders, the molecular adaptations producing tolerance are unknown, and testing the impact of DAT changes on drug taking behaviors has proven difficult. In regard to treatment, amphetamine has shown efficacy in reducing cocaine intake; however, the mechanisms underlying these effects have not been explored. The goals of this study were twofold; we sought to (1) identify the molecular mechanisms by which cocaine exposure produces tolerance and (2) determine whether amphetamine-induced reductions in cocaine intake are connected to these mechanisms. Using cocaine self-administration and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry in male rats, we show that low-dose, continuous amphetamine treatment, during self-administration or abstinence, completely reversed cocaine tolerance. Amphetamine treatment also reversed escalated cocaine intake and decreased motivation to obtain cocaine as measured in a behavioral economics task, thereby linking tolerance to multiple facets of cocaine use. Finally, using fluorescence resonance energy transfer imaging, we found that cocaine tolerance is associated with the formation of DAT-DAT complexes, and that amphetamine disperses these complexes. In addition to extending our basic understanding of DATs and their role in cocaine reinforcement, we serendipitously identified a novel therapeutic target: DAT oligomer complexes. We show that dispersion of oligomers is concomitant with reduced cocaine intake, and propose that pharmacotherapeutics aimed at these complexes may have potential for cocaine addiction treatment.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTolerance to cocaine's subjective effects is a cardinal symptom of cocaine addiction and a DSM-V criterion for substance abuse disorders. However, elucidating the molecular adaptions that produce tolerance and determining its behavioral impact have proven difficult. Using cocaine self-administration in rats, we link tolerance to cocaine effects at the dopamine transporter (DAT) with aberrant cocaine-taking behaviors. Further, tolerance was associated with multi-DAT complexes, which formed after cocaine exposure. Treatment with amphetamine deconstructed DAT complexes, reversed tolerance, and decreased cocaine seeking. These data describe the behavioral consequence of cocaine tolerance, provide a putative mechanism for its development, and suggest that compounds that disperse DAT complexes may be efficacious treatments for cocaine addiction.
Comparing facility-level methane emission rate estimates at natural gas gathering and boosting stations
Authors: Vaughn Timothy L. , Bell Clay S. , Yacovitch Tara I. , Roscioli Joseph R. , Herndon Scott C. , Conley Stephen , Schwietzke Stefan , Heath Garvin A. , Pétron Gabrielle , Zimmerle Daniel
Published: November 2017

Coordinated dual-tracer, aircraft-based, and direct component-level measurements were made at midstream natural gas gathering and boosting stations in the Fayetteville shale (Arkansas, USA). On-site component-level measurements were combined with engineering estimates to generate comprehensive facility-level methane emission rate estimates (“study on-site estimates (SOE)”) comparable to tracer and aircraft measurements. Combustion slip (unburned fuel entrained in compressor engine exhaust), which was calculated based on 111 recent measurements of representative compressor engines, accounts for an estimated 75% of cumulative SOEs at gathering stations included in comparisons. Measured methane emissions from regenerator vents on glycol dehydrator units were substantially larger than predicted by modelling software; the contribution of dehydrator regenerator vents to the cumulative SOE would increase from 1% to 10% if based on direct measurements. Concurrent measurements at 14 normally-operating facilities show relative agreement between tracer and SOE, but indicate that tracer measurements estimate lower emissions (regression of tracer to SOE = 0.91 (95% CI = 0.83–0.99), R2 = 0.89). Tracer and SOE 95% confidence intervals overlap at 11/14 facilities. Contemporaneous measurements at six facilities suggest that aircraft measurements estimate higher emissions than SOE. Aircraft and study on-site estimate 95% confidence intervals overlap at 3/6 facilities. The average facility level emission rate (FLER) estimated by tracer measurements in this study is 17–73% higher than a prior national study by Marchese et al.
Improving preparedness of junior doctors to manage patients with diabetes: a pilot educational programme from ward-based pharmacists
Authors: Ward Stephen , Wasson Gemma
Published: November 2017

Background: Diabetes is a complex condition and junior doctors can feel underprepared when tasked with safely prescribing insulin. Hyperglycaemia is known to increase mortality and morbidity, yet a British study in 2008 demonstrated that a quarter of doctors responding to the survey did not feel confident enough to take the main initiative to control blood glucose for a patient under their care in hospital. Diabetes learning resources are widely available, yet few offer the opportunity to link undergraduate theory with practical prescribing tasks. Clinical pharmacists can play an important role in providing this type of practical support and in the formative development of safe prescribing for junior doctors. This paper describes an initiative from a hospital pharmacy team to support Foundation Year doctors (FY1s) with safe insulin prescribing.Methods: The team from the Belfast Trust designed a ward-based teaching session which could be used by clinical pharmacists to help newly qualified doctors on their wards. These sessions, known as SIPS (Safe Insulin Prescribing Sessions), focused on three key areas: documentation, insulin product range and resources. The aim was to assess if SIPS had an impact on confidence levels for different aspects of insulin prescribing. This pilot educational intervention was carried out with 19 junior doctors. After the session each doctor was contacted to complete a short online questionnaire ranking their confidence and knowledge levels in managing inpatients prescribed insulin before and after the pharmacist SIPS.Results: After completing the ward-based teaching there were statistically significant increases in the self-ranked confidence and knowledge levels of junior doctors regarding insulin prescribing.Conclusions: This pilot demonstrates that ward-based teaching from a pharmacist can support junior doctors in managing diabetes. A larger study would be needed to confirm whether this translates into better management of inpatients with diabetes.
Cured primary hyperparathyroidism after fine-needle aspiration biopsy-induced parathyroid disappearance
Authors: Kara Elda , Della Valle Elisa , De Vincentis Sara , Rochira Vincenzo , Madeo Bruno
Published: November 2017

Spontaneous or fine-needle aspiration (FNAB)-induced remission of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) may occur, especially for cystic lesions. However, the disease generally relapses over a short time period. We present a case of PHPT due to an enlarged hyperfunctioning parathyroid that underwent long-term (almost 9 years) clinical and ultrasonographic remission after the disappearance of the lesion following ultrasound (US)-assisted FNAB. A 67-year-old woman with PHPT underwent biochemical and US examinations that confirmed the diagnosis and showed a lesion suggestive for parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia. US-FNAB of the lesion confirmed its parathyroid nature by means of elevated levels of parathyroid hormone within the needle washing fluid. At the second visit, the patient referred slight neck swelling that resolved spontaneously in the days after the US-FNAB. At subsequent follow-up, the enlarged parathyroid was not found; it was visible neither with US nor with magnetic resonance imaging. Biochemical remission persists after 9 years. This is the first reported case of cure of PHPT after US-FNAB performed on a hyperfunctioning parathyroid resulting in its complete disappearance over a period of 9 years of negative biochemical and ultrasonographic follow-up.

Learning points:

Spontaneous or fine-needle aspiration-induced remission of primary hyperparathyroidism can occur.

Both circumstances may present disease relapse over a variable time period, but definite remission is also possible even though long-term periodic follow-up should be performed.

Parathyroid damage should be ruled out in case of neck symptomatology after parathyroid fine-needle aspiration or spontaneous symptomatology in patients with history of primary hyperparathyroidism.
Classification of gastrointestinal stromal tumor syndromes
Authors: Gopie Priya , Mei Lin , Faber Anthony C , Grossman Steven R , Smith Steven C , Boikos Sosipatros A
Published: November 2017

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, thought to derive from neoplastic outgrowth of the interstitial cells of Cajal. Building on recent advances in recognition, classification and diagnosis, the past two decades have seen a changing paradigm with molecular diagnostics and targeted therapies.KITandPDGFRAmutations account for 85–90% of GIST carcinogenesis. However, the remaining 10–15% of GISTs, which until recently were calledKIT/PDGFRAwild-type GISTs, have been found to have one of the several mutations, including in theSDHA,B,C,D,BRAFandNF1genes. Though most of such GISTs are sporadic, a number of families with high incidence rates of GISTs and other associated clinical manifestations have been reported and found to harbor germline mutations inKIT,PDGFRA,SDHsubunits andNF1. The goal of this review is to describe the mutations, clinical manifestations and therapeutic implications of syndromic and inherited GISTs in light of recent studies of their clinicopathologic range and pathogenesis.
Structure and function of RET in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
Authors: Plaza-Menacho Iván
Published: November 2017

It has been twenty-five years since the discovery of oncogenic germline RET mutations as the cause of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2). Intensive work over the last two and a half decades on RET genetics, signaling and cell biology has provided the current bases for the genotype–phenotype and functional correlations within this cancer syndrome. On the contrary, the structural and molecular basis for RET tyrosine kinase domain activation and oncogenic deregulation has remained largely elusive. Recent studies with a strong crystallographic and biochemical focus have started to elucidate key insights into such molecular and atomic details revealing unexpected and private mechanisms of actions and molecular determinants not previously envisioned. This review focuses on the structure and function of the RET receptor, and in particular, on what a more detailed view of the protein itself and what the current structural and molecular information tell us about the genotype and phenotype relationships in the cancer syndrome MEN2.
KIRREL is differentially expressed in adipose tissue from ‘fertil+’ and ‘fertil−’ cows: in vitro role in ovary?
Authors: Coyral-Castel S , Ramé C , Cognié J , Lecardonnel J , Marthey S , Esquerré D , Hennequet-Antier C , Elis S , Fritz S , Boussaha M , Jaffrézic F , Dupont J
Published: November 2017

We have previously shown that dairy cows carrying the ‘fertil−’ haplotype for one quantitative trait locus affecting female fertility located on the bovine chromosome three (QTL-F-Fert-BTA3) have a significantly lower conception rate and body weight after calving than cows carrying the ‘fertil+’ haplotype. Here, we compared by Tiling Array the expression of genes included in the QTL-F-Fert-BTA3 in ‘fertil+’ and ‘fertil−’ adipose tissue one week after calving when plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations were greater in ‘fertil−’ animals. We observed that thirty-one genes were overexpressed whereas twelve were under-expressed in ‘fertil+’ as compared to ‘fertil−’ cows (P < 0.05). By quantitative PCR and immunoblot we confirmed that adipose tissue KIRREL mRNA and protein were significantly greater expressed in ‘fertil+’ than in ‘fertil−’. KIRREL mRNA is abundant in bovine kidney, adipose tissue, pituitary, and ovary and detectable in hypothalamus and mammary gland. Its expression (mRNA and protein) is greater in kidney of ‘fertil+’ than ‘fertil−’ cows (P < 0.05). KIRREL (mRNA and protein) is also present in the different ovarian cells with a greater expression in granulosa cells of ‘fertil+’ than ‘fertil−’ cows. In cultured granulosa cells, recombinant KIRREL halved steroid secretion in basal state (P < 0.05). It also decreased cell proliferation (P < 0.05) and in vitro oocyte maturation (P < 0.05). These results were associated to a rapid increase in MAPK1/3 and MAPK14 phosphorylation in granulosa cells and to a decrease in MAPK1/3 phosphorylation in oocyte. Thus, KIRREL could be a potential metabolic messenger linking body composition and fertility.
Mobilisation Des Ressources De Soutien Formel Des Parents Immigrants D’un Enfant En Situation De Handicap
Authors: Bétrisey Carine , Tétreault Sylvie , Piérart Geneviève , Desmarais Chantal
Published: November 2017

Plus vulnérables que d’autres personnes, les parents immigrants d’un enfant en situation de handicap possèdent des ressources altérées par leur parcours migratoire. Souvent, ils mobilisent davantage de soutien formel afin de faire face aux événements déstabilisants du quotidien. La présente étude vise à explorer cette situation avec huit entrevues semi-dirigées menées auprès de parents immigrants dans la province de Québec. L’analyse exploratoire des propos des participants met en évidence sept principales sources de stress expliquant l’utilisation de stratégies d’aide formelle. Des besoins non comblés sont également ressortis. Un modèle explicatif original illustrant ce contexte parental particulier est proposé.
Confronting the Stigma of Leisure
Authors: Mobily Kenneth , Rudzinski Emily
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this paper is to explore the work/leisure binary as it relates to labeling, stereotyping and ultimately stigmatizing persons with disabilities. Although less deliberated in the literature, stigma depends on social context, a class or category of undesirable behaviors practiced by the actor, in the present case—leisure. The evolution of leisure as a stigmatized class of human activity is addressed, with special attention to the intersection of work and disability and how inability to work has come to stigmatize the leisure of persons with disabilities. Usual and customary stigma management strategies employed by abled citizens are reviewed. For the child, the currently employed and even the retired, seriousness or employment, or both justify and legitimize their use of leisure. No such alternatives are available to the unemployed majority of persons with disabilities. Finally, the implications of inclusive leisure are explored, how it confronts stigma and may be used as a basis for changing the general perception of leisure by a lay audience. Inclusive leisure is an expression of equal rights; it confronts the stigma of leisure in two ways. First, by comingling with the abled, the demarcation between normal and abnormal dissolves into diversity and appreciation of differences. Second, inclusive leisure challenges the validity of a work/leisure binary. Because it contains the cosmetic appearances of work-- earnestness, a career-like calling, and utility-- serious leisure is suggested as a method of transition from inclusion to the recognition that leisure is a valuable activity.
Do corpo ao Divino: o impulso humano à comunhão
Authors: Silva Cássio Murilo Dias da
Published: November 2017

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O perfil do iconógrafo
Authors: Tutas Maria Ródica
Published: November 2017

Este artigo focaliza o perfil do iconógrafo que recebe o dom de escrever um ícone e mostra a importância da fé como fonte de inspiração na produção artística. O texto dividido em duas partes ressalta a arte como possibilidade de encontro e comunhão com o Divino. A primeira parte oferece uma reflexão sobre os requisitos do iconógrafo, artista que presta um serviço para humanidade tornando possível a irrupção do Divino no mundo através de um talento recebido e cultivado em sintonia com a Igreja. Segunda parte destaca a função ética e social da arte iconográfica, sua relação com a vida litúrgica, tendo como justificação o mistério da encarnação, rico horizonte de temáticas artísticas. Ressalta-se a espiritualidade do artista e sua dimensão contemplativa para que a obra de arte seja realmente uma mensagem divina. O iconógrafo e sua obra de arte devem estar a serviço da verdade.
A word or two?
Authors: Johansson Christer
Published: November 2017

The tendency for people to write compounds as two separate words, i.e. decompounding, is, for Scandinavian, often attributed to influence from English. However, English writers also both accidentally compound and decompound words. This article introduces serendipity as a statistical signal of surprise, i.e. deviance from expectations. Examples show that this measure can decide many cases of accidental compounding or decompounding by estimating which alternative is over-represented. Interestingly, the least frequent alternative can be clearly over-represented, thus providing a signal that is different from probability estimates, and linked to change in probability.
Preserving grammatical functions in LFG
Authors: Kaplan Ronald M.
Published: November 2017

Patejuk and Przepiórkowski (2016) have provided arguments and evidence to call into question the traditional role that named grammatical functions have played in the descriptions and representations of Lexical Functional Grammar. They propose reducing the number of distinguished function names to a much more limited set. In this brief paper I examine a few of their observations and find them not yet convincing enough to justify such a fundamental revision of LFG theory. I am also concerned that a less refined structure at the interface between syntax and semantics will only shift to the semantic interpretation component the descriptive and explanatory burden of interpreting idiosyncratic morphosyntactic properties. I conclude that most if not all grammatical function distinctions should be preserved in LFG functional structures.
Inclusión de alumnado con trastorno del espectro del autismo en la universidad: análisis y respuestas desde una dimensión internacional
Authors: De la Fuente Anuncibay Raquel , Cuesta Gómez José Luis
Published: November 2017

El aumento en la prevalencia del autismo ha generado un escenario en el que un elevado número de personas con Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo (TEA), están accediendo a estudios superiores, lo que plantea nuevos retos formativos y sociales. A partir de la iniciativa europea Autism and Uni, se pretende conocer la percepción que estudiantes con TEA, sus familias, y los profesores tienen de las posibilidades de éxito, los desafíos, los apoyos necesarios y, en general, la importancia que la preparación a la vida adulta, la orientación vocacional y la toma de decisiones tienen para garantizar su éxito. La investigación se ha desarrollado a partir de siete grupos de interés para los cuáles se elaboraron cuestionarios específicos mediante juicio de expertos, quedando una muestra de 280 personas de los que 140 pertenecían a personas con TEA. Los principales resultados de tipo cualitativo y descriptivos señalan que, la elegibilidad para el apoyo en la universidad consiste en combinar necesidades de la persona, de los procesos universitarios y de las dinámicas universitarias y formativas de cada país. Los apoyos para los estudiantes con TEA, debe cubrir además del contexto académico, otras áreas de la vida cotidiana con el fin de optimizar la adaptación y el rendimiento de los estudiantes durante sus años universitarios.
Reducción de la dimensionalidad para el análisis e interpretación afectiva en la práctica educativa
Authors: Airado-Rodríguez Diego , Dávila Acedo María Antonia , Borrachero Cortés Ana Belén
Published: November 2017

En el desarrollo personal de los estudiantes influyen tanto factores cognitivos como afectivos. Por ello, es muy importante tener en cuenta las emociones de los estudiantes en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de las ciencias. Este hecho cobra más relevancia aún cuando los estudiantes son maestros en formación, ya que las emociones que estos sientan hacia la ciencia van a influir de manera crucial en su práctica educativa con sus futuros alumnos. Esta comunicación se centra en utilización de análisis de componentes principales (PCA) como técnica estadística de reducción de la dimensionalidad para el análisis de las emociones y para ello se ha empleado como estudio de caso una investigación llevada a cabo con estudiantes de magisterio en la cual se determinaron las emociones que estos sienten al enfrentarse a la resolución de un problema de física de manera teórica, es decir con el lápiz, el papel y la calculadora, o de manera más práctica, en el laboratorio. El problema seleccionado consiste en la descomposición de las fuerzas que actúan sobre un cuerpo en un plano inclinado y el cálculo del coeficiente de rozamiento. La muestra considerada está formada por 118 estudiantes que asisten a la sesión de laboratorio y 75 que asisten a la clase de problemas. Para la medida de las emociones se ha utilizado un cuestionario que incluye tanto emociones positivas como negativas. Se ha comprobado que el análisis de los datos se puede llevar a cabo de manera efectiva mediante PCA y como resultado de este análisis se ha llegado a la conclusión de que los estudiantes sienten más confianza y menos inseguridad cuando se enfrentan al problema de manera más práctica.
Actitudes de la población general hacia las relaciones sexuales de las Personas con diversidad funcional: variables moduladoras
Authors: Caballero-Gascón Lorena , Gil-Lario Mª Dolores , Morell-Mengual Vicente , Fernández-García Olga , Gil-Juliá Beatriz
Published: November 2017

La población general no muestra la misma tolerancia hacia las relaciones sexuales entre personas del mismo sexo que entre heterosexuales, y lo mismo ocurre con las relaciones entre personas de diferente edad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar si la tolerancia hacia las relaciones sexuales de las personas con diversidad funcional también depende de aspectos tales como la edad de los miembros de la pareja, la orientación sexual que tengan y sobre todo del tipo de discapacidad. Para ello, 450 personas rellenaron una escala de actitudes hacia las relaciones sexuales en personas con discapacidad donde se cruzaban dos variables (edad y orientación sexual). En una escala entre 1 (Totalmente inadecuado) y 5 (Totalmente adecuado), la puntuación media en la valoración de la actividad sexual en discapacidad fue de 3.93. Según el tipo, se valoró más adecuadamente el sexo entre discapacitados sensoriales, seguido de entre discapacitados físicos y en tercer lugar entre discapacitados intelectuales. Sin distinguir la discapacidad, se valoraron como más aceptables aquellas relaciones sexuales que, independientemente de la orientación sexual de la pareja ambos tuvieran edades cercanas mostrándose éste un factor modulador en la actitud. En conclusión, la población general mantiene actitudes positivas hacia las relaciones en discapacitados, aunque el colectivo de discapacitados intelectuales sigue siendo el peor considerado independientemente de la edad de los participantes, de su género y de si conocen o no a alguien con discapacidad. Estos resultados aconsejan la inclusión de módulos actitudinales en programas de educación afectivosexual dirigidos a la población en general.
La práctica deportiva en personas con discapacidad: motivación personal, inclusión y salud
Authors: Muñoz Jiménez Eva Mª , Garrote Rojas Daniel , Sánchez Romero Cristina
Published: November 2017

En este artículo se analiza como la adquisición de hábitos deportivos afecta a la motivación de las personas con discapacidad para el desarrollo de un estilo de vida saludable. La muestra participante presentada a modo de estudio de caso ha sido de 11 personas con discapacidad de diferentes edades (15-64) y discapacidad (física, intelectual y sensorial) que tienen desde el nacimiento o por accidente y/o enfermedad. El objetivo principal del estudio ha sido analizar la mejora de la condición física de las personas a través de la motivación de la práctica deportiva para evitar el sedentarismo de dicha población y generar procesos inclusivos a través del deporte. Este estudio se ha analizado las dimensiones del hábito deportivo a través de la metodología cualitativa e informantes claves sobre actividad física y estilo de vida; tiempo libre; uso de las instalaciones y promoción del deporte. Los resultados nos muestran que las personas que tienen interés por el desarrollo de hábitos deportivos mejoran a su vez su desarrollo personal y social. A sí mismo, podemos concluir que la motivación para la práctica de deporte en personas con discapacidad se convierte en una herramienta para gestionar mejor sus emociones y habilidades y mejoras en su autoestima que necesitan para desarrollar un estilo de vida saludable.
Aprendiendo a parar. El mindfulness como herramienta de bienestar.
Authors: Martínez-Lentisco María Del Mar , Espinoza-Serrano Ramón Leandro , Sola-Sola Elvira
Published: November 2017

El mindfulness es una herramienta para mejorar los niveles de Conciencia Plena, puede ser una técnica útil para mejorar la salud de los profesionales de Atención Primaria. Diseño: Estudio cuasiexperimental en Centro de atención primaria de una zona rural en Almería. Muestra de un total de 34 trabajadores de atención primaria de los cuales 20 participaron en un taller de Mindfulness de 4 horas de duración, separadas en dos sesiones espaciadas en 15 días. Mediciones Principales: Satisfacción con el taller, conocimientos sobre Mindfulness, Nivel conciencia plena mediante FFMQ (Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire) Resultados: se encontraron diferencias significativas en los conocimientos teóricos adquiridos tras el taller, los niveles de satisfacción fueron muy elevados. Conclusiones: Actividades de Mindfulness incluso de corta duración tienen un efecto positivo en el profesional de Atención Primaria siendo importante introducirlas dentro del tiempo de formación.
Conectivismo y dislexia
Authors: Manzano-León Ana , Aguilera-Ruiz Cristian , Lozano-Segura María Carmen , Casiano Yanicelli Carla , Aguilar-Parra José Manuel
Published: November 2017

La escuela tradicional basada en la repetición y la memoria no está adaptada para el alumnado con dificultades específicas de aprendizaje. Y el hecho de tener dispositivos TIC en las aulas no parece ser suficiente. En este artículo estudiamos el conectivismo como una teoría de aprendizaje que permite al alumnado con dificultades específicas de aprendizaje adquirir habilidades básicas para manejar información y obtener acceso a recursos y herramientas significativas y multimodales.
Escala de afrontamiento del estrés cotidiano en el deporte en ámbito universitario
Authors: Morales Rodríguez Francisco Manuel , De Rueda Villén Belén
Published: November 2017

La evaluación de estrategias de afrontamiento del estrés cotidiano en el ámbito deportivo y sus relaciones con otras variables psicoeducativas como empatía, bienestar e inteligencia emocional se considera relevante desde un punto de vista psicoeducativo y clínico. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar los datos iniciales para la adaptación y validación de una escala para la evaluación de estrategias de afrontamiento del estrés cotidiano en el contexto deportivo en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios. Concretamente la escala evalúa las siguientes estrategias de afrontamiento: Solución activa, comunicar el problema a otros, búsqueda de información y guía, actitud positiva ,indiferencia, conducta agresiva, reservarse el problema para sí mismo, evitación cognitiva y evitación conductual. También se presenta el análisis de las asociaciones entre el empleo de determinadas estrategias de afrontamiento (evaluadas a través de la escala que se presenta y otro instrumento ya validado) y las puntuaciones en las variables de empatía, inteligencia emocional y bienestar psicológico evaluadas también a través de instrumentos ampliamente aplicados y con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas. Se discute la importancia de los datos obtenidos para la evaluación y diseño de futuros programas para el entrenamiento de estrategias eficaces o productivas de afrontamiento del estrés cotidiano en el contexto deportivo considerando las relaciones con dichas variables relevantes para la mejora de la calidad de vida y adaptación socioemocional de los estudiantes universitarios.
Ejercicio físico y aspectos psicosociales y emocionales en mujeres con cáncer de mama
Authors: Guil Bozal Rocío , Zayas García Antonio , Gil-Olarte Márquez Paloma , Guerrero Rodríguez Cristina , Mestre Navas José Miguel
Published: November 2017

El cáncer de mama es una de las tipologías de cáncer más frecuente en España. La mayoría de los estudios en Psicooncología se centran en el abordaje de la psicopatología commorbida, como la ansiedad y la depresión. Varios autores han informado de relación entre variables como el optimismo disposicional y la resiliencia, respecto al bienestar psicológico y subjetivo en estas pacientes. La práctica del ejercicio físico parece mejorar ciertas variables relacionadas con el estado de ánimo, pudiendo ser relevante en el logro de una adecuada salud emocional. Sobre la base de estas evidencias, nos proponemos explorar si la mujeres en tratamiento adyuvante por cáncer de mama realizan menos ejercicio que otras mujeres sin esta patología, así como la existencia de posibles agrupaciones naturales o conglomerados que nos permitan diferenciar, si dentro de estas mujeres, encontramos diversas tipologías en relación a sus niveles psicológicos percibidos de calidad de vida (ansiedad, depresión , satisfacción con la vida, optimismo disposicional y resiliencia). Para ello, se administró una entrevista semiestructurada de elaboración propia, donde se recogían, además de los datos sociodemográficos, si realizaban ejercicio físico y frecuencia con que lo realizaban, así como los cuestionarios empleados para evaluar la ansiedad estado/rasgo (STAI E/R), depresión (BDI), satisfacción con la vida (SWL), optimismos disposicional (LOT-R) y resiliencia, a una muestra de 60 mujeres, 30 de las cuales estaban siendo atendidas por la Unidad de Oncología del Hospital de Jerez de la Frontera, por estar recibiendo tratamiento para el cáncer de mama. Los resultados indican que las mujeres con cáncer de mama que realizan ejercicio físico, presentan menores niveles de ansiedad y depresión y mayores de satisfacción con la vida, optimismo disposicional y resiliencia.
Ejercicio físico como herramienta para el tratamiento de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria
Authors: Martínez Sánchez Sofía Mª , Munguía-Izquierdo Diego
Published: November 2017

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) engloban aquellas patologías en las que la obsesión por la delgadez y el miedo a la obesidad condicionan la aparición de un patrón de alimentación inadecuado y de conductas patológicas ligadas al control del peso. El ejercicio ha sido históricamente considerado como uno de los síntomas en esta enfermedad, y por ello se ha excluido como tratamiento en estos pacientes. Dentro de los TCA, podemos observar un comportamiento problemático al ejercicio (ejercicio compulsivo) y no necesariamente se da en todos los pacientes que sufren esta patología. Hay evidencia de que la participación en programas de ejercicios estructurados y supervisados (ejercicios de alta intensidad o yoga) puede ser de gran utilidad en esta población clínica, ya que reduce la psicopatología, mejora la fuerza muscular, la calidad de vida, el bienestar psicológico y facilita el cumplimiento y la adherencia al tratamiento.
Estilo de vida activo en la etapa final de embarazo y su influencia en la salud mental percibida: the PregnActive project
Authors: Oviedo-Caro Miguel Ángel , Bueno-Antequera Javier , París-García Federico , Munguía-Izquierdo Diego
Published: November 2017

El objetivo del estudio es analizar el efecto de un estilo de vida activo sobre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y los síntomas psicológicos percibidos en la etapa final del embarazo. Noventa y cinco mujeres embarazadas fueron categorizadas en función del cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de actividad física, medida objetivamente mediante un monitor metabólico multisensor, y la percepción de síntomas psicológicos del embarazo, medidos con el Cuestionario de Síntomas del Embarazo. Se analizaron las relaciones entre la actividad física y la percepción de síntomas psicológicos con la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, medida a través del SF-36. El grupo de embarazadas activas presentó una puntuación media superior estadísticamente significativa en el sumario y tres dominios del componente mental del SF-36 y una menor limitación percibida estadísticamente significativa en los síntomas de sentimientos depresivos y ansiedad. Una mayor frecuencia percibida de síntomas psicológicos conlleva una peor percepción del componente mental de la calidad de vida. Un estilo de vida activo en la etapa final del embarazo tiene un efecto positivo sobre la percepción de la limitación producida por los síntomas psicológicos del embarazo y el componente mental de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud.
Estilo de vida activo como terapia coadyuvante en pacientes con trastorno mental grave: the Psychiactive Project
Authors: Bueno-Antequera Javier , Oviedo-Caro Miguel Ángel , París-García Federico , Munguía-Izquierdo Diego
Published: November 2017

El objetivo fue investigar si existen diferencias en calidad de vida y parámetros de salud entre pacientes con esquizofrenia que cumplen e incumplen las recomendaciones de actividad física para la salud. 95 pacientes con esquizofrenia (edad 40.8±9.1 años, 82% hombres, duración de la enfermedad 17.1±8.8 años) fueron clasificados en físicamente activos e inactivos de acuerdo al cuestionario Brief Physical Activity Assessment Tool. Índice de masa corporal, medicación antipsicótica, severidad de la sintomatología psiquiátrica (Brief Symptoms Inventory-18), función cardiorrespiratoria (test de los 6 minutos caminando) y calidad de vida (Short Form 36-Item Health Survey versión 2) también fueron evaluadas. Diferencias entre grupos se calcularon usando los tests Chi-square, Student-t y Mann–Whitney U y las relaciones entre actividad física, calidad de vida y parámetros de salud mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Los pacientes activos tuvieron significativamente menor severidad de los síntomas psiquiátricos (P < 0.05) y todas las puntuaciones de calidad de vida fueron clínicamente mejores comparado con los inactivos. La frecuencia de actividad vigorosa, moderada y la combinación de frecuencia de ambas se asociaron, respectivamente, a edad, puntuación en el componente mental y función cardiorrespiratoria (todas P < 0.05), además de otros parámetros. Los resultados afirman que la actividad física debería ser una importante terapia coadyuvante en el tratamiento habitual de pacientes con esquizofrenia
Ferrous sulfate in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia: The positions continue
Authors: Dvoretsky L I
Published: November 2017

The paper discusses treatment strategy and tactics for iron deficiency anemia. It gives data on the comparative efficacy of different iron sulfate drugs, their bioavailability, effects on peroxidation processes, and side effects. The paper also considers the clinical significance of a dosage form of iron-containing drugs with a sustained iron release, as well as ways to reduce the frequency and magnitude of side effects when ferrous sulfate is used.
Impact of various wound dressings on wound bed neoangiogenesis in patients with different forms of diabetic foot syndrome
Authors: Zaitseva E L , Tokmakova A Yu , Doronina L P , Voronkova I A , Galstyan G R , Shestakova M V
Published: November 2017

Aim. To investigate the impact of various wound dressings on wound bed neoangiogenesis in patients with different forms of diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). Subjects and methods. The clinical (local tissue oxygenation) and immunohistochemical (CD31) markers of foot soft tissue neoangiogenesis were evaluated in patients with DFS receiving negative pressure (NP) therapy and collagen-containing dressings (CCDs) versus standard treatment. 63 patients with neuropathic and neuroischemic (without critical ischemia) forms of DFS were examined after wound debridement. In the postoperative period, 21 patients received NP treatment, CCDs were applied to 21 patients, and 21 patients had standard treatment. Results. During NP therapy, there was statistically significantly intensified local microhemodynamics, as evidenced by transcutaneous oximetry (p < 0.05); the remaining two groups showed no statistically significant differences in transcutaneous oxygen tension during the treatment. Immunohistochemical examination revealed a significant increase in the number of newly formed vessels, as shown by anti-CD31 antibody staining (p < 0.05), in patients who had NP therapy and CCDs (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Vacuum (NP) therapy versus standard therapy most effectively affects wound bed neoangiogenesis. This is reflected in the increased local tissue microhemodynamics, as confirmed by immunohistochemical examination.
The attitude of patients with types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus towards having the disease
Authors: Sapozhnikova I E , Zotina E N
Published: November 2017

Aim. To analyze the types of attitude towards disease, their relationships to its course in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Subjects and methods. 418 patients with DM, including 318 with type 2 DM (T2DM) and 100 with Type 1 (T1DM), were examined. Clinical and laboratory examinations were performed; the types of attitude towards the disease were studied. Results. The patients with T2DM were more frequently found to have anxious (12.9%) and hypochondriacal (10.7%) types of attitude towards the disease; those with T1DM had euphoric types. The paranoiac type of disease attitude, which was characterized by the presence of peculiar notions about the disease, was detected in 15.1% of the patients with T2DM and in 13% of those with T1DM. Hypernosognosia (overreaction to disease) was more often identified in T2DM (62.3% versus 39% in T1DM (χ2; p < 0.001). In the T2DM group, hypernosognosia was more frequently seen in women, unemployed persons, and obese patients. With the comparable awareness about the disease and degree of self-control, the patients with T2DM with no signs of hypernosognosia had a lower glycated hemoglobin level [7.35 (6.6; 8.6)%] than those with hypernosognosia [7.9 (7; 9.4)%] (p = 0.024). Conclusion. The revealed peculiarities of attitude towards the disease in patients with DM justify the need for increased attention to their psychological characteristics. The situation could be improved if the physicians are be informed, the time of outpatient care is prolonged, and psychotherapists and/or clinical psychologists are widely involved in the management of diabetic patients.
Long-term consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Grigoryan O R , Zhemaite N S , Volevodz N N , Andreeva E N , Melnichenko G A , Dedov I I
Published: November 2017

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common chronic endocrine disease in women. The prevailing complaints at a young age are menstrual irregularities, infertility, and hyperandrogenism-related problems. However, metabolic disorder-induced complications have been in the foreground over years. The review gives the current ideas on a change of clinical manifestations in the natural course of PCOS, as well as the pathogenetically grounded prevention of complications in patients.
Curriculum Development for Preclinical Medical Education at Yeungnam University
Authors: Kim Seong Yong
Published: November 2017

After Yeungnam University’s College of Medicine was established in 1979, the curriculum for a preclinical medical education course was developed and implemented. Several modifications have since been made to the curriculum which was driven by changes in national policies and in the medical education environment. In recent years, it has become necessary to complement the weaknesses or shortcomings in the curriculum that were discovered during the basic medical education assessment process of the medical college. Since 2009, Yeungnam University has run two medical courses: a 6-year college of medicine course and a 4-year medical school course. However, as a result of changes in national policy, Yeungnam University decided to offer only the 6-year college of medicine course with an entirely new curriculum which will be implemented in 2017. The new curriculum for the preclinical medical education course consists of 36 credits of cultural essentials courses, 44 credits of major required courses, and 2 credits of major elective courses. The curriculum development requires the support of the university and/or college, the ensured independence of the curriculum development organization, and the cooperation and attention of fellow professors. Continuous efforts are needed to check, evaluate, and improve the curriculum.