bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penggunaan Sistem Persekitaran Pembelajaran Maya Frog di Sekolah-Sekolah Malaysia: Pengalaman dan Prospek Masa Depan
Authors: Mohd Baharan Mohd Faiz
Published: December 2019

The use of the Virtual Learning Environment Frog (VLE Frog) system is a powerful virtual learning system used in nearly 100,000 schools across the country. The system is a virtual learning platform that can be used by all students, teachers and schoolmates anytime and anywhere to access educational sites. However, its use is still at a disadvantage and has not been taken seriously by teachers in schools. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the function and role of the VLE Frog system in schools. This study was a quantitative and qualitative study involving 367 people as a sample. Library surveys, questionnaires and observations were conducted to obtain data from this study. The findings of this study are expected to be one of the benchmarks for primary school teachers' readiness to use technology in education especially through the VLE Frog system.
Seleksi Tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Hornem) untuk Hibridisasi Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi
Authors: Widyaelina Ermila , Waluyo Budi
Published: December 2019

Tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa Brot ex. Hornem) adalah spesies dari family Solanaceae yang baru diintroduksi ke indonesia. Tomatillo dikonsumsi dalam berbagai macam olahan dan memiliki kandungan flavonoid, alkaloid, terpen, vitamin A dan C yang tinggi. Perakitan varietas unggul tomatillo dari Indonesia belum dilakukan. Pemuliaan tanaman tomatillo perlu dilakukan untuk pengembangan genotipe potensial sebagai induk untuk pembentukan varietas unggul baru. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menentukan keragaman karakter dan pengelompokan genotipe tomatillo berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 genotipe dengan rancangan acak kelompok diperluas (augmented design). Keragaman karakter dianalisis dengan Principal Component Analysis (PCA) menggunakan pendekatan koefisien korelasi Pearson, dan analisis pengelompokan menggunakan Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) dengan ukuran kemiripan berdasarkan koefisien korelasi Pearson dan metode aglomerasi Unweighted Pair Group Average (UPGMA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keragaman antar karakter sebesar 90,62% dari 10 komponen utama dengan 27 karakter morfologi yang berkontribusi. 20 genotipe potensial memiliki kemiripan antar genotipe pada nilai 89,4% dan terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok pada nilai kemiripan 96,4%. Jarak genetik antar kelompok pertama dan kedua sebesar 0,026, antara kelompok kedua dan ketiga sebesar 0,032, dan antara kelompok pertama dan ketiga sebesar 0,081. Genotipe yang memiliki kemiripan paling tinggi atau jarak genetik paling dekat adalah Pixo[P14] dan Pixo[P22] serta Pixo[G35] dan Pixo[GY21 dengan nilai kemiripan 99,5% atau jarak genetik sebesar 0.005. Genotipe yang memiliki jarak genetik terjauh yaitu Pixo[P35] dan Pixo[GY11] dengan nilai kemiripan sebesar 81,8% atau memiliki jarak genetik sebesar 0,182.
¿Son las cianotoxinas un peligro emergente en las aguas de baño y de abastecimiento?
Authors: Martínez-Alesón García Paloma , Martínez Esteban Rocío Paloma , Díaz-Alejo Guerrero Héctor M. , García Balboa Camino , López Rodas Victoria , Costas Eduardo
Published: December 2019

El cambio ambiental global incrementa la proliferación de cianobacterias y la liberación de cianotoxinas muy peligrosas en aguas de abastecimiento y recreo. Estas citotoxinas pueden ocasionar graves problemas de salud, por lo que se hace necesario incrementar el control, especialmente en las aguas de baño, para evitar eventos indeseables en la población.

Se analizaron cianobacterias productoras de toxinas y cianotoxinas (microcistinas) en muestras de columnas agua y de la superficie de las zonas de baño autorizadas por la Comunidad de Madrid, así como en embalses para abastecimiento de agua de consumo. Los muestreos se realizaron en los meses desde mayo a octubre de 2018. De cada lugar se realizaron, al menos, dos determinaciones en diferentes tiempos.

Con excepción de la Playa de Presillas (Rascafría), en las zonas muestreadas se han detectado cianobacterias productoras de cianotoxinas, así como niveles de microcistina mayores de 1μg/L, considerado perjudicial para la salud. Los máximos tanto de microcistinas como de cianobacterias se encuentran en los meses de julio y agosto.

El estudio confirma que hay presencia de microcistinas en concentraciones tóxicas en época de baño. Se hace necesario establecer controles de las cianotoxinas estableciendo un sistema de aviso de aparición de los blooms tóxicos en aguas de recreo.
Overseas Education: Dispelling Official Myths in Latin America
Authors: Petras James
Published: December 2019

One of the most important contributions that the study abroad program makes is to allow students and professors to contrast official (government and mass media) versions of reality with their own observations and experiences. In many cases, there is a significant gap between what students were told before they left the U.S. and what they have learned upon their return. Not all students are able or willing to go beyond their preconceived notions, in part because of the limited access to different classes, ethnic and gender groups, or because the nature of the program limits the range of experiences to which students are exposed. Nevertheless, in my nearly forty years of travel to Latin America, I have found that most students do develop significantly different and critical views of the “official” versions of Latin America and U.S. foreign policy. The initial reactions to the contrast between preconceptions and reality vary from surprise to indignation, with many pursuing alternative and more critical paradigms. To illustrate this issue, I would like to cite several cases that I have witnessed in the field.
Occurrence of anti-leptospira antibodies in dogs in the southwestern region of the state of São Paulo
Authors: Gomes N. , Souza-Filho A. F. , Gonçales A. P. , Pinto C. M. , Onofrio V. C. , Souza G. O. , Guedes I. B. , Abreu J. A. P. , Cortez A. , Heinemann M. B.
Published: December 2019

Leptospirosis is an emerging disease with different prevalence in dog populations. Dogs are crucial in the disease epidemiology, acting as accidental or maintenance hosts. Infective serovars present different geographic distribution among these populations, depending on exposure to hosts from infected wild or domestic animal reservoirs. The most common serovars that infect dogs – prior to the introduction of the vaccines against leptospirosis – were Icterohaemorrhagiae and Canicola
Factibilidad de análisis biomolecular en base a la metilación del promotor de O6-metilguanina-ADN metiltransferasa mediante técnica de PCR anidado en glioblastoma multiforme en el Hospital Carlos Van Buren, Chile
Authors: Espinoza-García Esteban F. , Rejas-Gallegos Carolina , Horlacher-Kunstmann Andrés , González-Vicuña Francisco M. , Párraga-San Román Mario
Published: December 2019

El glioblastoma multiforme es el subtipo de gliomas más frecuente en adultos, con una pobre sobrevida promedio posterior al diagnóstico. Sin terapia, la sobrevida de los pacientes posterior al diagnóstico no excede los 3 meses, incrementándose a un promedio de 12 a 15 meses si se aplica el tratamiento óptimo, que incluye resección quirúrgica, radioterapia y quimioterapia con temozolomida. El objetivo primario de este estudio es determinar la factibilidad de realizar el análisis biomolecular de muestras histológicas con diagnóstico de Glioblastoma Multiforme en el Hospital Carlos Van Buren utilizando PCR anidado para determinar metilación del promotor de MGMT, en el período comprendido entre 2010 y 2014. Como objetivo secundario, se pretende evaluar la correlación entre el tiempo de sobrevida y el estado de metilación el promotor de MGMT. Se estudió el estado de metilación de MGMT en 12, logrando un 57,1% de éxito en la amplificación. Un 83,3% resultó no metilado, con una sobrevida de 9,2 meses, comparado con 21 meses de sobrevida del grupo metilado (p = 0,15). Como conclusión, la técnica de PCR anidado es factible de realizar en nuestro centro, requiriéndose estudios prospectivos para evaluar el valor predictivo, aunque se observó una tendencia a que la metilación del promotor de MGMT se relaciona con aumento en el tiempo de sobrevida posterior al diagnóstico.
Hidrocéfalo, es una complicación o una consecuencia de la craniectomía descompresiva?
Authors: Drapkin Allan J.
Published: December 2019

La craniectomía descompresiva, un procedimiento de rescate que está siendo utilizado con frecuencia creciente, está afectadapor un número de complicaciones, una de las cuales es la hidrocefalia. Aquí Se efectuó una cuidadosa revisión de la literatura relacionada directa o indirectamente con estos tópicos con el objeto de detectar posibles conexiones entre el procedimiento descompresor y la génesis de hidrocefalia. Quedó en evidencia que existe una relación directa entre ambas condiciones. Por ello, reduciendo el tiempo en el cual el proceso descompresivo interfiere con la fisiología intracraneana al efectuar una cranioplastica lo más temprana posible, debiera evitar o disminuir la posibilidad del desarrollo de hidrocefalia.
Meningioma gigante en paciente pediátrico: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Chong César J. , Wong-Achi Xavier , Plaza Jenniffer S. , Egas Gabriela
Published: December 2019

Los meningiomas surgen de la cubierta meníngea del sistema nervioso central. Los meningiomas pediátricos son tumoresinfrecuentes que representan del 0,5% al 5% de los tumores del sistema nervioso central en edad pediátrica, siendo el tumor cerebral primario no glial más común. No hay evidencia confirmada de la patogenia de los meningiomas pediátricos. Por lo general, se localizan en la convexidad supra o infratentorial, intraventriculares y en la base del cráneo. La presentación clínica de los meningiomas pediátricos es poco específica y varía según su ubicación y tamaño. Los subtipos de meningiomas en la infancia son principalmente meningoteliales grado I de la OMS (32%). El tratamiento de elección es la resección completa del tumor (Simpson I) para prevenir la recurrencia y mejorar el pronóstico. Presentamos el caso de una niña de 9 años con un gran meningioma frontal, el informe de prevalencia en nuestra institución y una revisión de la literatura actual de esta patología.
O entendimento de professores experientes ao serem desafiados a desenvolver o ensino de Química a partir de temas do contexto social
Authors: Quadros Ana Luiza de , Fernandes Giovana França Carneiro , Dias Mariana Gonçalves , De Almeida Laila Thayanne Gomes
Published: December 2019

O ensino a partir de temas de interesse dos estudantes, que propiciem a inserção de conceitos científicos é um pressuposto importante para promover a participação ativa dos estudantes e o envolvimento deles com a Ciência. Foi produzido um material didático de Química baseado no contexto, abordando o tema “Água”. Esse material foi entregue a professores experientes para ser desenvolvido nas escolas. Com o objetivo de analisar a percepção dos professores sobre o ensino a partir de temas do contexto, desenvolvemos este trabalho. Ao final da experiência, realizamos uma entrevista semiestruturada com três professores. A análise dessas entrevistas mostrou que professores ressaltaram a participação e o interesse dos estudantes nas aulas temáticas e a dificuldade em implementar o ensino baseado no contexto se não houver um material didático adequado, tanto par ao professor quanto para os estudantes.
O Pibid como espaço de construção de saberes docentes em um curso de Licenciatura em Física
Authors: Gimenez Alana Pereira , Chaves Taniamara Vizzotto
Published: December 2019

Este trabalho relata uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo investigar os reflexos do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) na formação de professores de Física de um Instituto Federal de Educação do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O Pibid é um programa de incentivo e valorização do magistério e de aprimoramento do processo de formação de docentes para a Educação Básica. A pesquisa foi realizada com um grupo de acadêmicos e egressos do Curso de Licenciatura em Física. O instrumento de coleta de informações foi um questionário composto por perguntas abertas e contemplou questões relativas às principais contribuições e aprendizagens do Pibid para a formação inicial e o desenvolvimento profissional dos sujeitos envolvidos na pesquisa. A análise dos questionários foi realizada a luz da teoria dos saberes docentes de Tardif (2002, 2007, 2012, 2014) e de outros teóricos do campo educacional. Constatou-se que o Pibid tem se constituído como um elemento fundamental para formação docente, na área de física, pois possibilita o exercício da profissão e a inserção no contexto educacional antes mesmo do efetivo ingresso na carreira docente, permitindo assim, ampliar a concepção dos acadêmicos sobre a identidade profissional do professor.
Conhecimentos e comportamentos relacionados à saúde de escolares
Authors: Fumagalli Laura Mendes Rodrigues , Santos Thais De Lima dos , Vargas Veronica De Carvalho , Ilha Phillip Vilanova
Published: December 2019

O estudo objetivou analisar os conhecimentos e comportamentos relacionados à saúde de escolares do ensino fundamental. A amostra foi composta por 180 escolares do 6° ao 9°ano. Para verificar os comportamentos promotores e de riscos à saúde, empregou-se o questionário Global School-based Student Health Survey e para o estado nutricional foi calculado a adequação IMC/idade. Para análise das questões, utilizou-se, como principal aporte metodológico, a análise de conteúdo, fundamentada na análise categorial, e para os dados quantitativos usou-se a estatística descritiva (frequências, percentuais e médias) e a inferencial (correlação de spearman e qui-quadrado). Constatou-se que a maioria dos alunos associam vida saudável à alimentação saudável e a prática de atividades físicas, compreendem a alimentação saudável como a ingestão de nutrientes que trazem benefícios à saúde, estão expostos a fatores de risco à saúde, como inatividade física, baixo consumo de alimentos considerados marcadores de alimentação saudável e consumo de bebida alcoólicas. Infere-se que há prevalência de comportamentos de riscos entre os adolescentes e destaca-se a necessidade de trabalhar temas sobre promoção da saúde na escola com o objetivo de desenvolver a saúde de forma consciente, segura e efetiva.
Etnopesquisa-Formação com professores de Ciências
Authors: Guidotti Charles Dos Santos , Heckler Valmir
Published: December 2019

Neste artigo apresentamos uma proposição metodológica com o objetivo de construir compreensões sobre a investigação desde a sala de aula na formação com professores de Ciências. O corpus da pesquisa foi constituído por 43 relatos de experiências produzidos por professores de Ciências da Natureza, nas edições de 2016 e 2017 do projeto de extensão CIRANDAR: Rodas de investigação desde a escola. Ao longo da constituição metodólogica do estudo assumimos a abordagem sociocultural com base na linguagem, como forma de construir significados ao longo da pesquisa. Um processo de construção de argumentos que abrange interlocuções com as informações do campo empírico, com a aposta na perspectiva da etnopesquisa-formação em uma abordagem fenomenológica hermenêutica como meio de construção epistemológica. O estudo descreve e exemplifica os processos de análise das informações, ancorados nos princípios da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD), estruturando as categorias de sentido, categorias intermediárias e as finais emergentes no processo metodológico a partir do mergulho fenomenológico com o propósito de comunicar compreensões.
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF CAUSATIVE FACTORS OF FEMALE INFERTILITY
Authors: M G Sree Renjini , M Madhu , N V Gayathri Bhat
Published: December 2019

Background: Stree Vandhyatva (female infertility) accounts for 50% of infertility cases seeking treatment across the globe. Ayurveda attributes various causative factors including dietary, behavioural and psychological which may cause the imbalance of the Garbhasambhavasamagri (Ritu, Kshetra, Ambu and Beeja).Rasa Dushti due to Agnimandya or any underlying cause can also lead to Artavadushti thereby affecting the fertility in females. Objectives: To analyse the causative factors of female infertility among 250 subjects who visited the Outpatient and Inpatient Department of Prasuthi Tantra & Streeroga of Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan. Methodology: The study was designed as a retrospective study using data previously gathered from 250 females who visited the Outpatient and Inpatient Department of Prasuthi Tantra & Streeroga of Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan. Seeking infertility treatment. Results: Among 250 cases analysed, 18% of subjects had a history of repeated abortions and 30% of subjects had menstrual irregularities. 24% of female infertility cases were associated with Polycystic Ovaries, 12% had associated thyroid dysfunction and another 15% were associated with other abnormalities of reproductive tract like fibroid uterus, endometriosis, adenomyosis and uterine anomalies. Conclusion: From the data collected, the causative factors of female infertility were analysed and concluded that polycystic ovaries, a lifestyle disorder is the most common cause which can be prevented by following proper Pathyapatha as per Ayurveda. A close association was also noted between thyroid dysfunction and female infertility.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Streeroga, Female infertility, Garbhasambhavasamagri, Polycystic ovaries.
Student-initiated peer-to-peer information panel on the residency application process
Authors: Sequeira Nicholas , Coret Alon , Tang Brandon , Jung Flora
Published: December 2019

n/a
Status of global health fellowship training in the United States and Canada
Authors: Evensen Ann , Duffy Sean , Dawe Russell , Pike Andrea , Nelson Brett
Published: December 2019

Background: Increasing numbers of residency graduates desire global health (GH) fellowship training. However, the full extent of training options is not clear. Objective: To identify clinical GH fellowships in all specialties in the U.S. and Canada and to describe their demographics, innovative features, and challenges. Methods: The authors surveyed program directors or designees from GH fellowships with a web-based tool in 2017. Program directors reported demographics and program characteristics. Results: The authors identified 85 potential programs. Fifty-four programs (63.5%) responded confirming 50 fellowships. The number of U.S. GH fellowship programs increased by 89.7% since 2010. One-third of fellowships accepted graduates from more than one specialty. The most common single-specialty programs were Emergency Medicine or Family Medicine. Fellowship duration was most commonly 24 months. Median size was one fellow per year. Funding and lack of qualified applicants were significant challenges. Most programs were funded through fellow billing for patient care or other means of self-support.   Conclusions: The number of U.S. and Canadian GH fellowship programs has nearly doubled since 2010. Programs reported lack of funding and qualified applicants as their most significant challenges. Consensus amongst stakeholders regarding training requirements may improve outcomes for future fellows, their employers, and the patients they serve.
Factors perceived to influence rural career choice of urban background family physicians: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Szafran Olga , Myhre Douglas , Torti Jacqueline , Schipper Shirley
Published: December 2019

Background: Urban background physicians are the main source of physician supply for rural areas across Canada. The purpose of this study was to describe factors that influence rural career choice and practice location of urban background family medicine graduates.

Methods:  We conducted a qualitative, descriptive study employing telephone interviews with 9 urban background family medicine graduates. Those who completed residency training between 2006 and 2011 and were in rural practice, but who had an urban upbringing were asked about: when the decision for rural practice was made; factors that influenced rural career choice; and factors that influenced choice of a particular rural location.  Emerging themes were identified through content analysis of interview data. 

Results:  We identified four themes as factors influencing rural career choice - variety/broad scope of rural practice, rural lifestyle, personal relationships, and positive rural experience/physician role models.  We also identified factors in four theme areas as influencing the choice of a particular rural practice location - having lived in the rural community, spousal influence, personal lifestyle, and comfort with practice expectations. 

Conclusion:  Decisions for rural career choice and rural practice location by urban background family medicine graduates are based on clinical practice considerations, training experience, as well as personal and lifestyle factors.
Providing quality feedback to general internal medicine residents in a competency-based assessment environment
Authors: Marcotte Laura , Egan Rylan , Soleas Eleftherios , Dalgarno Nancy J , Norris Matthew , Smith Christopher A
Published: December 2019

Construct: Competence Based Medical Education (CBME) is designed to use workplace-based assessment (WBA) tools to provide observed assessment and feedback on resident competence. Moreover, WBAs are expected to provide evidence beyond that of more traditional mid- or end-of-rotation assessments [e.g., In Training Evaluation Records (ITERs)]. In this study we investigate competence in General Internal Medicine (GIM), by contrasting WBA and ITER assessment tools.Background: WBAs are hypothesized to improve and differentiate written and numerical feedback to support the development and documentation of competence. In this study we investigate residents’ and faculty members’ perceptions of WBA validity, usability, and reliability and the extent to which WBAs differentiate residents’ performance when compared to ITERs.   Approach: We used a mixed methods approach over a three-year period, including perspectives gathered from focus groups, interviews, along with numerical and narrative comparisons between WBA and ITERs in one GIM program.Results: Residents indicated that the narrative component of feedback was more constructive and effective than numerical scores. They perceived the focus on specific workplace-based feedback was more effective than ITERs. However, quantitative analysis showed that overall rates of actionable feedback, including both ITERs and WBAs, were low (26%), with only 9% providing an improvement strategy. The provision of quality feedback was not statistically significantly different between tools; although WBAs provided more actionable feedback, ITERs provided more strategies. Statistical analyses showed that more than half of all assessments came from 11 core faculty.Conclusions: Participants in this study viewed narrative, actionable and specific feedback as essential, and an overall preference was found for written feedback over numerical assessments. However, quantitative analyses showed that specific actionable feedback was rarely documented, despite qualitative emphasis from both groups of its importance for developing competency. Neither formative WBAs or summative ITERs clearly provided better feedback, and both may still have a role in overall resident evaluation. Participant views differed in roles and responsibilities, with residents stating that faculty should be responsible for initiating assessments and vice-versa. These results reveal a disconnect between resident and faculty perceptions and practice around giving feedback and emphasize opportunities for programs adopting and implementing CBME to address how best to support residents and frontline clinical teachers.
Missing the target? Teaching undergraduate medical students to “go upstream” and advocate on social determinants of health
Authors: Hayman Kate , Wen Mei , Khan Farooq , Mann Tracey , Pinto Andrew D. , Ng Stella L.
Published: December 2019

We describe a pilot project aimed at teaching advocacy skills to pre-clinical medical students, using the lens of the social determinants of health. During the pilot, students were tasked with performing a mock deputation to a policymaker and writing an opinion editorial piece for a lay audience. Students excelled in identifying the relevant social and structural factors impacting health, yet demonstrated uncertainty about how to identify, approach and best influence stakeholders around policy change. To be effective health advocates, medical trainees require training in specific advocacy skills such as oral and written communication, however this alone may be insufficient. As future advocates, medical trainees must also acquire a specific skill set to navigate the complex political systems in which they will practice.
A scoping review of social determinants of health curricula in post-graduate medical education
Authors: Hunter Kimberly Anne , Thomson Ben
Published: December 2019

Social determinants of health are responsible for 50% of ill health. The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada CanMEDS role of “physician advocate” requires physicians to attain competency in this particular domain, but physician trainees feel this is not well covered in their training programs. This study performed a scoping review of social determinants of health curricula that had been described, implemented and evaluated in post-graduate medical education. A search using MEDLINE(OvidSP) database, with search terms “residency,” ”curriculum,” and “social determinants” with no age, language, and publication date restrictions was done.Researchers identified a total of 12 studies, all from the United States, in internal medicine (n=4), pediatrics (n=4), family medicine (n=2), or multiple (n=2) residency programs. Most curricula (n=8, 67%), were longitudinal, and most contained both patient or community exposure (n=11, 92%) and/or classroom-based components (n=10, 83%). Most (78%) curricula improved participant related outcomes, including exam performance, awareness regarding personal practice, confidence, improved screening for social determinants of health and referral to support services. Program specific outcomes were frequently positive (50%) and included resident satisfaction and high course evaluation scores, high representation of resident and faculty from minority groups, applicability of training to underserviced populations, and improved engagement of marginalized community members. When evaluated, academic outcomes were always positive, and included acceptance of scholarly projects to national conferences, publication of research work, grants earned to support health projects, local or national awards for leadership and community engagement, and curriculum graduates later pursuing related Masters degrees and/or establishing medical practices in underserved areas. Only one study reported a patient-related outcome, with advice provided by health care providers considered by patients to be helpful. Researchers used these results to design recommendations for creation of a post-graduate curriculum to address social determinants of health were provided.
Few more hidden variables which would fortify person centred approach of self-regulated learning
Authors: Kumar V Dinesh
Published: December 2019

Upon reading the original article on person centred approach in self regulated learning, I felt that few more hidden variables tend to operate in the process of self-regulated learning. The motivation level of students and its regulation determines the willingness of students invested towards the process and it is imperative for the educators to gauge this process during mentoring sessions. Similarly, understanding the role of epistemological beliefs could also be considered as a pertinent role player in person centred apporach. I hope that this letter, penned from the existing literature and from personal experiences, would serve as an effective adjuvant to the original article.
UJI AKTIVITAS PERTUMBUHAN RAMBUT KELINCI JANTAN DARI SEDIAAN HAIR TONIC YANG MENGANDUNG EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MANGKOKAN (Nothopanax scutellarium L.)
Authors: Aini Qurrota
Published: December 2019

Preparation stimulating hair growth (hair tonic) is cosmetic preparations used for

volumizing hair growth or stimulate hair growth on balding or hair loss. This research

aims to formulate hair tonic preparation of extract Nothopanax scutellarium and

determine the effect of dosage formulation hair tonic N. scutellarium towards the

growth of male rabbit. This research makes five sample formula with active ingredients

extract N. scutellarium with concentration 0% (basic hair tonic), 25%, 35%, 45% and

positive control (hair tonic preparations containing minoxidil). The treatment is done

every day with the volume every time the basting of one mili liter each plot every day

for twenty one days. Hair Length measurements performed on days 8 th , 15 th and 22 nd

using calipers and the hair weight measurements performed on day 22 by way of

shaved hair grows and then weighed. Data were analyzed using ANOVA test. The data

length and weight of the negative control hair, formula-A (25%), formula-B (35%),

formula-C (45%) and positive control at day 22 in a row is 11.56, 16.19, 14.60, 14.10,

18.58 mm and 387.325, 390.85, 386.9, 387.275, 392.1 mg. Dosage formulations hair

tonic of N. scutellarium extract can increase hair growth male rabbits.

Keywords : hair grower, extract of Nothopanax scutellarium , anova.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK BIJI KABAU (Archidendron buballinum (Jack.) I.C.Nielsen) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN DIABETES YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN
Authors: Wahidah Lilik Koernia , Suri Nurma , Komalasari Ratih Anggun
Published: December 2019

Biji kabau (Archidendron buballinum (Jack.) I.C.Nielsen) secara empiris dimanfaatkan masyarakat dibeberapa daerah sebagai obat tradisional antidiabetes dan diuretik herbal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh ekstrak biji kabau terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah mencit putih jantan yang diinduksi aloksan. Biji kabau diekstraksi dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Uji antidiabetes dilakukan terhadap mencit jantan yang diinduksi aloksan secara intravena dengan dosis 168 mg/kgBB selama 15 hari. Sebanyak 25 ekor mencit dikelompokkan menjadi 5 kelompok, kelompok I, II dan III diberi ekstrak dengan dosis 95, 190, dan 380 mg/kgBB, kelompok IV sebagai kontrol negatif diberi aquadest dan kelompok V sebagai kontrol positif diberi metformin dosis 65 mg/kgBB, kelima kelompok diberi perlakuan secara oral sebanyak 3 kali sehari selama 7 hari. Penurunan kadar gula darah diukur dan diamati pada hari ke 1 dan 15 dan hari ke 22 kemudian dianalisis dengan metode ANOVA. Hasil karakteristik simplisia terhadap kadar air 0,23%, kadar abu 2% dan kadar abu tidak larut asam 2%. Uji kualitatif fitokimia ekstrak menunjukkan adanya senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid dan saponin. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kelompok I,II dan III berbeda nyata terhadap kontrol negatif, dan berefek sama terhadap kontrol positif dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah mencit putih jantan. Dari ketiga dosis tersebut dosis 1 (95mg/kgBB) menunjukkan penurunan yang paling baik, namun dosis I,II dan III tidak berbeda nyata secara statistik terhadap metformin.

Kata kunci : Kabau, Archidendron buballinum, Diabetes
UJI KADAR NITRIT PADA DAGING BURGER DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Susanti Laila , Setyowati Merinda , Widodo Subur , Setiawati Anita
Published: December 2019

Daging merupakan salah satu sumber makanan yang berasal dari hewani dan memiliki cita rasa yang khas serta kandungan gizi yang tinggi. Dari berbagai cara pengolahan daging, daging burger merupakan salah satu produk olahan yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat. Sebagai bahan pengawet pada daging burger digunakan nitrit, untuk memperpanjang waktu simpan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar nitrit pada daging burger dengan menggunakan Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis. Sebagai pelarut digunakan asam sulfanilat bereaksi dengan asam nitrit membentuk garam diazonium kemudian ditambah pelarut naftilamin membentuk senyawa azo yang berwarna ungu, lalu diukur absorbansinya pada panjang gelombang 531 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kadar rata-rata nitrit pada masing- masing sampel A ,B, C, D, E, F secara berurutan adalah 123,95 mg/kg, 30,14 mg/kg, 195,25 mg/kg, 105,74 mg/kg, 20,85 mg/kg dan 16,14 mg/kg. Dari ke enam sampel, ada 4 sampel yang memiliki kandungan nitrit melebihi ambang batas maksimum penggunaan bahan pengawet pada makanan menurut Peraturan Kepala BPOM RI Nomor 36 Tahun 2013 yaitu sebesar 30 mg/kg untuk produk daging olahan. Hanya sampel C yang memiliki kadar nitrit melebihi batas maksimum persyaratan berdasarkan Permenkes Nomor

1168/Menkes/Per/X/1999, yaitu 125 mg/kg.

Kata Kunci : Daging burger, Nitrit, Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Optimasi Zeolit Alam Lampung (ZAL) Sebagai Penstabil Sediaan Antibakteri Esktrak Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.)
Authors: Susanti Laila , Wahidah Lilik Koernia , Viogenta Pratika
Published: December 2019

Noni fruit extract has been widely known as an antibacterial, but plant extracts are easily degraded by light, pH and temperature, thus reducing the antibacterial activity, zeolite is added to maintain the stability of the noni extract. This study uses an experimental method that is by comparing the inhibition zones that occur between noni fruit extract and noni + ZAL fruit extract and to test the stability of the preparation, the sample is heated at 40oC and then tested for antibacterial activity again. The statistical test results show the value of Asymp. Sig (0.003)
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN FRAKSI AKAR TABAR KEDAYAN (Aristolochia foveolata Merr.) DENGAN METODE DPPH (2,2 DIPHENYL-1-PICRILHYDRAZIL)
Authors: Supringrum Risa , Jubaidah Siti
Published: December 2019

Antioxidants are substances that can neutralize free radicals, thus protecting the body from various diseases by binding to free radicals and highly reactive molecules that can damage cells. The use of high-dose synthetic antioxidants is reported to be toxic and carcinogenic. Tabar Kedayan root (Aristolochia foveolata Merr) is one of the native plants from North Kalimantan, which is empirically used as an anti-poison, containing secondary metabolites including alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids. Flavonoids are powerful antioxidants. Some studies report that the function of flavonoids can be to prevent and treat cancer. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract and n-hexane fraction, the ethyl acetate fraction of Tabar Kedayan root with 2.2 Diphenyl-

1-Picrilhydrazil (DPPH) method as a free radical compound. The results of the study obtained IC50 values for each sample, at ethyl acetate fraction 267.48 ppm, ethanol

extract at 603.80 ppm, ethanol-water fraction 705.43 ppm, n- hexane fraction

1500 ppm. The antioxidant activity tests indicate that ethyl acetate fraction is categorized as weak antioxidant, while the ethanol-water fraction and n-hexane fraction exhibit no antioxidant activity.

Keywords : Tabar Kedayan, Antioxidants, 2.2 Diphenyl-1-Picrilhydrazil
PENGARUH SISTEM PENGAWINAN (INSEMINASI BUATAN DAN ALAMI) DAN PARITAS INDUK BABI TERHADAP LITTER SIZE DI USAHA PETERNAKAN BABI PT. ADHI FARM, SOLO
Authors: Herawati Maria
Published: December 2019

The aims of this study was to determine the optimal litter size which produce from the mating system and the sow parity by noticing the litter size born alive, the age of weaning, litter size at weaning, mortality during the suckling period and litter size at weaning percentage. Fourty one farrowing and weaned sows are used in this research. The first factor is the mating system, included artificial insemination and natural service. The second factor is the parity of the sow (1 up to 5). The data collected were litter size born alive, the age of the weaning, the weaned litter size, mortality of the suckling period and litter size at weaning percentage.The result showed that the mating system had significant effect (P0.05) on the age of the weaning, the litter size at weaning, mortality during the sucling period and litter size at weaning percentage. The parity had significantly effect (P0.05) on the litter size born alive, mortality during the sucling period and litter size at weaning percentage. The interaction between the mating system and the parity was significantly effected (P
Analisis Pendapatan Usaha Kemitraan Ayam Broiler di PT. Ciomas Lampung Tahun 2016 (Studi Kasus di Samsul Arifin Farm, Kabupaten Tulang Bawang, Lampung)
Authors: Sidi Muhammad Arief Ibrahim Purnomo
Published: December 2019

This study aims to determine the income level of broiler plasma farmers in Samsul Arifin Farm, Tulang Bawang District, Lampung. This research is done by using case study method. The data was collected in November-September 2016. The selection of research sites was done purposively, considering that Samsul Arifin farm is one of the active farms to become PT Ciomas Adisatwa’s plasma. The data collected consists of primary and secondary. The analysis method used is descriptive analysis and income analysis. The results showed that broiler breeders with an average partner system earn a profit per period during the year 2016 amounting to Rp32.661.415,38. The R / C value of broiler farming with a partner system of 1.10, which means that livestock business is profitable.

Keywords: Partnerships, Income, RO ratio
Kualitas Fisik Cangkang Telur Ayam Arab dengan Ransum Kombinasi Azolla microphylla dan Sumber Mineral Kalsium Berbeda
Authors: Wulandari Eudia Christina
Published: December 2019

The aim of the present research was to evaluate the contribution effect of calcium derived from Azolla microphylla and different mineral sources on egg shell in Arab hen. Ninety six birds of Arab hen, age was + 16 weeks, with an average body weight of 814,73 g ± 46,86 g were used as experimental animals, and were divided randomly into a randomized block design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. Feedstuffs used for dietary treatments were rice bran, yellow corn, poultry meat meal, Azolla microphylla, CaCO3, Ca2HPO4, oyster shell, palm oil, and top mix. The rations were formulated approximately iso metabolizable energy and iso protein of 3100 kkal/kg and 17% respectively. Inclusion levels of Azolla microphylla 6% in the ration were categorized as treatments, namely, Azolla microphylla 6% without different mineral source (T1); Azolla microphylla 6% and 3% CaCO3 and 6% oyster shell (T2); Azolla microphylla 6% and 3% Ca2PO4 and 6% oyster shell (T3). Conclusion of the research is that calcium retentions are not inhibited by the Azolla microphylla, moreover it can increase calcium deposited in egg shell.

Keywords: Arabian chicken, eggshell, Azolla micophylla, mineral
ERROR ANALYSIS ON ENGLISH WRITING SKILL FOR THE FIRST SEMESTER STUDENTS
Authors: Sutrisno Bejo
Published: December 2019

The objective of this research is to find out the most and the least of typical errors on the first semester students’ writing skill. Writing gives an important role to students in practicing their ability to express their ideas to readers. The students sometimes commit errors when they write and those errors can effect to the content of their writing, as the result, the readers will be confused or do not understand to the students’ writing. This research using content analysis method. The writer interprets the data based on the errors on the students’ writing. This research found that error analyzes of students’ writing on word form is in the first rank (14,6%) followed by word choice (11,5%), Article and add a word  (9,5%), Omit a word, singular-plural, verb tense, and capitalization (8,3%), Word order and Incomplete sentence  (6,2%) and the least error is on Meaning not clear, that is (0%). This research has the implication that the lecturers should treat errors made by students as a part of learning process and it should be solved through remedial activity.
THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING TYPE TGT AND LEARNING MOTIVATION ON READING COMPREHENSION OF PRIVATE VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS (SMK) IN BEKASI
Authors: Abdulloh Abdulloh
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study are to prove or determine  the effect of cooperative learning model type TGT  on reading comprehension , to prove or to determine  the effect of learning motivation on    reading comprehension and to know the interaction effect of cooperative learning and learning motivation together on reading comprehension, especially for Vocational High School (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan /SMK) students. The study used survey and experiment with analysis model of treatment by level. Anova Two-Way is used to test the hypothesis. Experiment is carried out in two groups or samples, each of them was given different treatment. The first group called Experiment Class, a class that was taught by using cooperative learning type Team Game Tournament (TGT) with combination of reading race, while the second group called a Control class,  a class that was taught by using expository method. Each group is then divided into two categories of level of learning motivation. The first group is a group of students with high learning motivation level, the second one with low learning motivation level. The research found that : (1) there is a significant effect of using  cooperative learning on students reading comprehension achievement. It shows that sig = 0.000 < 0.05 and Fo=32,846 ; (2) there is a significant effect of the student’s learning motivation on students reading comprehension achievement , with sig = 0.000 < 0.05,  and Fo = (52.566); and (3) there is a significant interaction effect together between cooperative learning and student’s learning motivation on students reading comprehension achievement with sig = 0.009 < 0.05 and Fo = 7.252
IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH PRESENTATION TASK AT THE FIRST YEAR STUDENTS OF PALM OIL POLYTECHNIC CITRA WIDYA EDUKASI - BEKASI
Authors: Abdulloh Abdulloh
Published: December 2019

This paper aims at presenting the general outline of designing oral presentations task in speaking class for college students. The presentation task is as one of varied teaching techniques in teaching speaking skill in college environment especially for students of  Palm Oil Polytechnic - Citra Widya Edukasi in Bekasi, in their English I and II subjects.There are two stages in this teaching design in one session of 3 X 50 minutes. The first half of the session used for speaking practice using the module provided and the second half used for presentation task. In presentation session they gather in group for preparing the topic of presentation related with their subjects or major (Management of Logistic and Palm Oil Processing of Harvest), still in group then they work together to finish the paper and power points. Guidance of presentation is given, let them rehearse or practice at home to be moderator, presenter, speaker or other roles. In class they rehearse their presentation in group consists of five to seven students three to four times in front of different goup before the real  the whole class presentation begun. This study shows that the presentation task done in group by students  genereates, accelerates  and empowers studens to speak english confidently. This study also has many implication that lecturers may not neglect and underestimate students’ capability. Lecturers  should empower and give much oportunity to give presentation as their task. And lecturers should motivate, monitor, and facilitate them  to be independent and motivated learners in English subject and other subjects in general.
SPEECH ACT IMPERATIVE IN TEACHING ENGLISH ON PGSD STUDENTS
Authors: Puspita Dayu Retno , Sulaiman Agus
Published: December 2019

This research analyzes Lecturer's Imperative Teaching in teaching English to PGSD students at Muhammadiyah University of Tangerang. Aspects analyzed include the form of speech acts and the meaning of speech acts imperative contained in teaching English. This research uses descriptive method. Data collection techniques used in this study is a recording technique. Researchers record conversations conducted between lecturers and students. This research data comes from conversations between lecturers and students of PGSD. The result of the research shows that politeness strategy applied in English language teaching especially in PGSD student of 6th semester English Course at Muhammadiyah University Tangerang is a strategy of politeness of context. The context found is the compassion of imperative speech acts in the form of forcing, inviting, and pleading with the discovery of three of the four functions of language according to Leech (1993: 162), ie competitive, convivial, and collaborative. However, the commonly used language function is the collaborative language function. The success rate of use of imperative speech acts is very effective in teaching English so that learning can be done well.
THE RELIABILITY OF THE ENGLISH SUMMATIVE TEST FOR THE SECOND GRADE STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Murtadho Abdul Muhid
Published: December 2019

This research was held to check out the reliability of the English Summative test for the second grade students of the Senior High School. This Research was held at SMA 3 Tambun Selatan – Bekasi. The writer took 43 students as sample for research. The research instrument is The English Summative test of second semester for second grade students. The English Summative test is tested twice. The methodolgy used by the writer is Test – Retest and after that the writer count the correlation of those tests using formula of Pearson Product Moment. From The research writer found that the English Summative test for the second semester of second grade students in SMA 3 Tambun Selatan Bekasi period 2009 / 2010 is reliable
IMPROVING ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH "ROLE-PLAY"TECHNIQUE
Authors: Muslim Ikhwan
Published: December 2019

The Purpose of this study is to get the empirical knowledge of the Role-play technique to improve speaking ability, to know if the role-play effective in teaching speaking, to find the answer if the role is effective to improve English speaking ability.  The technique of the research is qualitative. The data from field was done through observation in the classroom. Here the writer directly taught the students and observed students’ activities in speaking class. The writer explains the finding and gives some samples of role-play technique, activities in teaching and how to teach speaking through role-play technique
AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN AVRIL LAVIGNE SONGS IN ALBUM AVRIL LAVIGNE
Authors: Abdulloh Abdulloh , Rahmawati Ugi Rahayu
Published: December 2019

This research aims to know and understanding the element of literature, especially in figurative language. The objectives of this research are (1). To identify some elements of figurative language are used by Avril Lavigne’s songs lyric. (2). To show the general meaning and detail meaning of the songs containing the figurative language itself in understanding songs lyric. (3). To find out the most and the least used figurative language of the songs. The data source used is the album self-titled Avril Lavigne by Avril Lavigne. In that album the writer chooses five songs to analyzed such as, Here’s to Never Growing Up, Bitchin’ Summer, Give You, What You Like, Hello Kitty, and Sippin’ on Sunshine. This research is descriptive qualitative research. It means that this research does not calculate the data and just gives description about figurative language that is contained in Avril Lavigne songs. It is done by using bold and underlining the songs lyric, classifying the figurative language and then giving the meaning. The result of this research is to discover some kinds of figurative language such as, Metaphor, Simile, Personification, Alliteration, Allusion, Hyperbole, Litotes, also Onomatopoeia