bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on The Translation Strategies of Culture-Loaded Words in the English Translation
Authors: Wang Rui
Published: July 2024

The term “culture-loaded words” is a sign of national culture, which means that the distinctive national culture is directly or indirectly reflected in the language vocabulary. The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyze the characteristics of the translation strategies used by Howard Goldblatt in his translation The Song of King Gesar, which reflects the unique culture of Chinese ethnic minorities, in order to provide a academic perspective combining qualitative and quantitative research on the translation strategies of culture-loaded words, so as to make a modest contribution to the promotion of linguistic and cultural exchanges between China and the West. According to Nida’s classification criteria of cultural types, culture-loaded words can be divided into five major categories: “economic culture-loaded word, material culture-loaded word, social culture-loaded word, religious culture-loaded word, linguistic culture-loaded word”. At present, most of the studies on the translation methods of culture-loaded words adopt the method of qualitative research, namely analyzing the translation methods of individual translation cases in the research object according to the theory. Therefore, this paper adopts a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis methods to study the culture-loaded words in The Song of King Gesar based on the corpus.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY VERSUS LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors: HARSANA BALRAM , JAIN PIYUSH
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) versus open cholecystectomy (OC) in terms of surgery duration, blood loss, postoperative discomfort, hospital stay length, cost-effectiveness, and patient satisfaction. It also assesses differences in primary outcomes, such as mortality, complications, and symptom relief, as well as secondary outcomes, including conversion rates, operative time, and recovery.
Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study involving 200 patients aged 10-70 with symptomatic gallstones confirmed via ultrasonography at Somani Hospital, Jaipur, from July 2021 to August 2023. Patients were randomly assigned to undergo either lC or OC. We collected data on surgical duration, blood loss, postoperative pain, hospitalization period, and complications, among other variables. Statistical analysis was performed using software tools.
Results: Our study involved 200 patients, predominantly female (77%). The average duration of lC was shorter (67.37 min) compared to OC (93.95 min). lC patients had a shorter average hospital stay (2.8 d) compared to OC patients (5.1 d). The conversion rate from lC to OC was 6%, primarily due to anatomical and technical challenges. Complications were significantly lower in lC (17%) compared to OC (28%).
Conclusion: lC is more efficient, entails fewer complications, and leads to a quicker recovery and shorter hospital stay compared to OC, supporting its preference in surgical practice for eligible patients with symptomatic gallstone disease. The lower rate of complications and shorter recovery time suggest that lC should be the standard care for cholecystectomy where feasible.
APPLICATION OF VALIDATED RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF METAXALONE AND DICLOFENAC POTASSIUM IN PLASMA
Authors: RAMESH DEVI , HABIBUDDIN MOHAMMAD
Published: July 2024

Objective: The present investigation demonstrates a simple, sensitive and accurate high-pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for simultaneous determination of metaxalone (MTX) and Diclofenac potassium (DIC) in plasma by using Valsartan (VSN) as internal standard.
Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved within 10 min by using methanol: potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer pH 4.5 adjusted with orthophosphoric acid (60:40) as mobile phase on Altima Grace Smart C-18 column (5μ; 250×4.6 mm) at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min with injection volume 25µl. The drug was extracted from plasma by liquid-liquid extraction using methanol as a solvent. The retention times of drugs (MTX and DIC) and internal standard were found to be 5.83, 9.65 and 11.79 min, respectively. This method was validated as per United States Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA) guidelines.
Results: The results of the validation parameters were found to be within the acceptance limits. The method was linear in the concentration range from 25-1000 ng/ml (r2= 0.9998) and the extraction recovery was found to be 77.06% for MTX and 78.37% for DIC. The lower limit of quantification was found to be 25ng/ml and the stability of recovered samples at different conditions were found to be more than 95% for both the drugs.
Conclusion: The developed method possesses good selectivity specificity, there was no interference found in the plasma blanks at retention times of MTX and DIC. We found good correlation between the peak area and concentration of the drug under prescribed conditions. Furthermore, the method can also be used to estimate the pharmacokinetic parameters of MTX and DIC simultaneously.
HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION IN A PERIPHERAL REMOTE LOCATION HOSPITAL: A EVIDENCE BASED STUDY
Authors: PITALE DEVDATT LAXMAN , JADHAV SUJATA N.
Published: July 2024

Objective: The organisation of the human society has undergone a unique transition throughout the last decades. With the rise of ever growing technologization and disruptive innovations, populations also demand more social and environmental initiatives from firms and governments. In 2015, the United Nations (UN) member states agreed upon a 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Developing a sustainable UHC is decisive to ensure better economic prospects and social equality across socioeconomic classes. This can be achieved by lowering the barriers to access health services to the most vulnerable groups and improve mortality and disability rates in the potential workforce.
Methods: The present study was conducted in a remote location defence hospital catering to the health care needs of serving personnel of Indian armed forces and civilians residing in this peripheral area. The basic specialties including Obstetrics, paediatrics, medicine and general surgery are provided at this centre 24*7 by the dedicated medical officers of Indian Armed forces.
Results: Sustainability of care continuously evolves towards becoming a major factor for public healthcare organisations, and more accountability will likely be demanded of managers to deliver on each aspect of its triple bottom line. This study shows that prevention and patient empowerment both carry great potential to attain this objective.
Conclusion: It is necessary to set priorities and act according to available resources and organisational vision. The central threats to sustainability of public health care welfare systems in peripheral hospitals identified, namely the ageing population and rise in chronic diseases. UHC at a meso and micro level, could provide a much better rationale for scholars to evaluate the need for change, and contribute to draft more inclusive sustainable strategies.
STUDY OF PREVALENCE OF SCRUB TYPHUS IN ACUTE FEBRILE ILLNESS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, VISAKHAPATNAM
Authors: VANI THAMMINA MEHER SRI SAI SUDHA
Published: July 2024

Objective: Re-emergent cases of rickettsial disease, the scrub typhus is seen prevalent in cases of acute febrile illness. The objective of this study was to study the magnitude and prevalence of scrub typhus in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This prospective study was carried on for a period of one year from February 2023 to February 2024. Inpatients between the age group of 16 to 25 y with a triad of fever for more than 5 d of onset with or without an eschar, headache, myalgia and abnormal haematological and biochemical parameters were included in the study. IgM ELISA for scrub typhus was performed.
Results: Prevalence of scrub typhus in this study was 9.4% with higher male preponderance of 69.4% in 18 y age group 28.6%. Positive cases were recorded higher during post monsoon season of September 18.9%. Co-infection with dengue and malaria observed in 2 cases and ARDS was the complication in 3 cases. No mortality in this study.
Conclusion: It is important to get familiar with the clinical and diagnostic laboratory findings of scrub typhus so as to differentiate it from other aetiologies of acute febrile illness.
ESTIMATION OF STATURE FROM NASAL HEIGHT IN MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS IN UDAIPUR
Authors: ACHARYA SUNITA , SHRIVASTAVA BHAVANA , BHARAMBE VAISHALY KISHORE , BHUPESH MEDATWAL
Published: July 2024

Objective: Stature refers to a person's height when standing upright. It is a vital measure of physical identity. In archaeological operations or forensic exams following a mass disaster, height is estimated using rudiments or bone pieces for identification. In order to determine stature, separate regression formulae should be developed for each population group.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Anatomy, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Umarda, and Udaipur. A total of 110 students (55 males and 55 females) aged between 18 to 25 y, participated in this study. Those with craniofacial defects were excluded from study. Height was measured from vertex to floor by stadiometer.
Results: The study showed that in males mean values are significantly higher than females for both nasal height as well as stature; nasal height in (male 48.54±3.584 mm; female 46.75±3.763 mm) and stature in (male 170.3±7.902 cm; female 159.61±5.383 cm). In total student’s as well as in males and females, nasal height had a weak positive linear relationship with stature; r=0.283 in total students, r=0.222 for male and r=0.123 for female. The regression equation for stature and nasal height was found to be Y=134.053+0.648× nasal height for total students, Y=146.487+0.496×nasal height for males, Y=151.328+0.177× nasal height for females.
Conclusion: The observed correlation is statistically significant in total students (p value<0.05) but not significant in males and females (p value>0.05). Overall nasal height had a weak positive linear correlation with stature.
Sustainable Management of Tomato Early Blight with Plant Extracts
Authors: R Abarna , J.P Jinisha Blessie
Published: July 2024

This study focused on developing eco-friendly management strategies for early blight disease in tomatoes, caused by Alternaria solani, through the use of botanical extracts from eight plants: Neem, Prosopis, Nerium, Senna, Lantana, Pungam, Coconut, and Calotropis. The research was carried out at the Agricultural College and Research Institute in Vazavachanur, Thiruvannamalai, to assess these botanicals in vitro and in vivo effectiveness against the pathogen. In laboratory conditions, the extracts were tested at a 10% concentration, and their ability to inhibit the pathogen's mycelial growth was evaluated. Neem leaf cold extract exhibited the highest inhibition at 77.8%, followed by Nerium at 75.9%, while Senna showed limited effectiveness. In a field trial using the PKM-1 tomato variety, the lowest disease index was observed with neem leaf extract spraying (28%) and Nerium extract (30.2%), indicating their potential as effective alternatives for managing early blight.
The Enigma of Calcutta Unravelled: Exploring the City’s Essence portrayed in Detective Byomkesh Bakshi
Authors: Ponnachan Keerthy Sophiya
Published: July 2024

The movie Detective Byomkesh Bakshi released in 2015 effectively captures the historical, cultural, and social dimensions of Calcutta during the 1940s, offering an immersive experience of the city's architecture, streets, and neighborhoods. The film's depiction of the city's diverse socio-economic backgrounds authentically represents the challenges faced by both the privileged and the underprivileged. Furthermore, the portrayal of Calcutta as a city with a rich historical and cultural heritage provides a nuanced perspective on its transformation from a colonial hub to a post-independence metropolis. The film highlights various socio-political issues, such as corruption, poverty, and social stratification, underscoring the city's social and economic disparities. While not entirely historically accurate, the film successfully conveys key historical truths, including the city's colonial past, iconic landmarks, and the impact of World War II. This paper will provide a comprehensive analysis of the cultural and social importance of Calcutta as portrayed in the film Detective Byomkesh Bakshi.
Trusted Research Environments: Analysis of Characteristics and Data Availability
Authors: Weise Martin , Rauber Andreas
Published: July 2024

Trusted Research Environments (TREs) enable the analysis of sensitive data under strict security assertions that protect the data with technical, organizational, and legal measures from (accidentally) being leaked outside the facility. While many TREs exist in Europe, little information is available publicly on the architecture and descriptions of their building blocks and their slight technical variations. To highlight on these problems, an overview of the existing, publicly described TREs and a bibliography linking to the system description are provided. Their technical characteristics, especially in commonalities and variations, are analysed, and insight is provided into their data type characteristics and availability. The literature study shows that 47 TREs worldwide provide access to sensitive data, of which two-thirds provide data predominantly via secure remote access. Statistical offices (SOs) make the majority of sensitive data records included in this study available.
Comer con el corazón: los lazos entre emociones y alimentación
Authors: Vizmanos Lamotte Barbara , Betancourt Núñez Alejandra
Published: July 2024

Son muchos factores, ambientales e individuales, que determinan la selección y el consumo de alimentos. Particularmente, las emociones llamadas “negativas” como ansiedad, depresión, soledad, ira y tristeza, en algunas personas, disminuyen el apetito. Sin embargo, otras comen de manera impulsiva ciertos alimentos en presencia de estas emociones negativas. Consumir alimentos, les “ayuda” a sentirse mejor, evitando, disminuyendo o enfrentando así, esas emociones. Este comportamiento se conoce como alimentación emocional. Las personas con alimentación emocional seleccionan alimentos de buen sabor, habitualmente ricos en calorías, grasas o azúcares (por lo general poco saludables), porque les proporcionan placer y recompensa inmediata. Presentar alimentación emocional suele incrementar el riesgo de tener sobrepeso, obesidad y otras enfermedades. Por las implicaciones negativas de la alimentación emocional, es relevante identificarla y atenderla con apoyo profesional. Este artículo proporciona información general sobre estos temas.
Nutriología: un compromiso con la salud de México desde las aulas
Authors: Hernández Trejo Eréndira Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

La nutrición en México enfrenta complejos retos como la desinformación, el acceso limitado a alimentos nutritivos y estilos de vida poco saludables. La autora, egresada de la licenciatura en nutriología, ha sido testigo de esta realidad y ha enfrentado desafíos al atender a pacientes y participar en iniciativas comunitarias. La autora, destaca su compromiso con la mentoría y el intercambio de conocimientos, implementando estrategias de aprendizaje efectivas y promoviendo el bienestar físico y mental entre su comunidad. Este enfoque integral refleja su visión de la nutriología como clave para el bienestar general. Su narrativa subraya el papel esencial de los nutriólogos en la mejora de la salud en México y en la promoción de un futuro más saludable para la población.
novel quadriphase ZCZ sequences for QS-CDMA systems
Authors: Fassi B. , Driz S. , Merrabi I.
Published: July 2024

In this article, a novel method for constructing quadriphase Zero Correlation Zone (ZCZ) sequence sets based on the mutually orthogonal complementary sets (MOCS) matrix and polyphase perfect sequence is presented. Based on the obtained MATLAB results in terms of correlation functions, it can be mentioned that the resultant ZCZ set is suitable for quasi-synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (QS-CDMA) systems. The obtained sequence sets are near-optimal concerning mathematical bound, and their construction is more flexible than other polyphase ZCZ constructions. Furthermore, their parameters can be chosen flexibly.
Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma spp. Isolated from Tribal Women
Authors: Juhi  , Halwai Vaishali , Singh Rambir , Singh Sona , Jain Neha , Xess Sosan , Sharma Poonam
Published: July 2024

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health problem worldwide with significant social and economic implications. Effective control and prevention strategies necessitate a thorough understanding of the prevalence, isolation, and identification of STI pathogens. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the isolation, identification, prevalence, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of STI pathogens based on culture method analysis. Endocervical /vaginal swab samples from female patients symptomatic for STI were cultured on different selective and differential media and pathogens were identified by colony morphology and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test (AST) of isolated and identified culture pathogen was performed by using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Among 209 endocervical/vaginal swab samples from symptomatic patients, 126 (60.28%) tested positive and 83 (39.71%) negative. Ureaplasma spp. (n = 100) was the most prevalent isolate, constituting 79.36% of culture-positive samples, followed by N. gonorrhoea (n = 99) at 78.57%, and Mycoplasma spp. (n = 41) at 32.54% individually and in combination. AST analysis revealed erythromycin (74%), ofloxacin (69%), and roxithromycin (64%) as the most resistant antibiotics for Ureaplasma spp. N. gonorrhoea showed the highest resistance to cefixime (78.79%), followed by ofloxacin (75.76%) and erythromycin (69.7%). Azithromycin and erythromycin exhibited 100% resistance against Mycoplasma spp. The study provides information on the prevalent bacterial pathogens involved in STIs among women in Anuppur and Shahdol districts, Madhya Pradesh. Understanding the diversity, distribution patterns and antibiotic sensitivity of these pathogens is crucial for developing targeted interventions and effective prevention strategies in such resource-limited areas.
Molecular Approach for Screening and Identification of Food Containments using Colony PCR
Authors: Suryawanshi Aarya Harshal , Thanay Allam Sai Sree , Korukonda Satwik , Kamble Satyashila , Machavarapu Bhavithavya Kumar , Sriperambuduru Nagavenkat , Vemuri Praveen Kumar
Published: July 2024

Food is the primary cause for diseases in humans and carries high risk pathogens. Assessment of the safety in foods is needed to validate the presence of pathogenic bacteria. We used colony PCR for this approach to detect foodborne pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus and Bacillus cereus. Suitable primers were selected based on specific gene 1040 for Escherichia coli, gene S2 for Lactobacillus, and gene NVF for Bacillus cereus. Agarose gel electrophoresis is used for the detection of amplified products against a suitable marker. ImageJ is used for DNA band analysis, enabling precise quantification, normalization, and statistical comparisons. These studies have established a promising role in the detection of pathogens in various environmental samples. The insights gained from this study may serve as the foundation for rapid detection of foodborne diseases in the food industry.
Enhancement of Plant Growth with Plant-Based Compost and the Heterotrophic Azotobacter and Streptomyces Inoculation under Greenhouse Conditions
Authors: Albureikan Mona Othman I.
Published: July 2024

Compost is a natural and sustainable way to improve soil fertility and enhance plant growth. Moringa leaves have high mineral, cytokinin, and vitamin content which are useful for growth so that they can be used as organic fertilizer. Azotobacter and Streptomyces are from soil and have many biological activities. This study aimed to detect the importance of bioagents formula with Moringa Compost (MC) to enhance plant growth in poor sterile soil and plants were irrigated with half strength of Hoagland nutrient solution. Moringa leaves were collected and cleaned, and organic compost was prepared and analyzed for microbial and chemical composition. The prepared MC was rich in nitrogen and minerals and had high content of bacteria and fungi. The two bioagents used were isolate MB5 and MB11 which were characterized and molecular identified as Azotobacter chroococcum MB5 and Streptomyces griseus MB11. The free-living A. chroococcum can fix atmospheric nitrogen while Streptomyces is a filamentous bacterium with a high ability to produce secondary metabolites. The addition of 20% MC to soil increased soil EC and microbial counts compared to MC-free soil. Moreover, inoculation of soil with either AZ or ST increased the microbial counts and soil EC and the clearest increase was in the case of inoculation of soil with MC+AZ+ST. It also found that MC extract alone with the bacterial filtrates increases seed germination of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean), which is a herbaceous annual worldwide plant, grown for its edible dry seeds or green unripe pods. In this regard, inoculation of soil with inoculum of both A. chroococcum MB5, and S. griseus MB11, in the presence of MC has the most pronounced effect and enhances both the growth, fresh and dry weights, leaf number, plant height, and root length of P. vulgaris grown under greenhouse conditions for one month and chemical content of the plant protein carbohydrates, P, N, Ca++ and K+. In conclusion, the combined application A. chroococcum MB5 and S. griseus MB11, as a biofertilizers with Moringa compost is recommended to enhance P. vulgaris growth. The use of these biofertilizers can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, which can have detrimental effects on soil and the environment. Therefore, further research on the inoculation and application of these microorganisms with MC is essential for sustainable agriculture.
Predictive Model for Student’s Academic Performance Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Amer Abeer Ali Saeed
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This research aims to predict student academic performance using historical data and machine learning algorithms. The dataset includes parental, and academic information about students. The study focuses on three machine learning algorithms: Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). To begin, we conducted data analysis to understand the distribution and relationships within the data. Visualizations such as homogeneity analysis of parental education, race, and gender, as well as count plots for gender according to parental education and race, were created to identify patterns and insights. The data was then pre-processed and used to train the three models. Each model's performance was evaluated based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Confusion matrices and ROC curves were also generated to provide a comprehensive evaluation of each model's predictive power.
Hydrology and Sediment Yield Analysis in the Jehlum River in Jammu & Kashmir, Employing the SWAT Model
Authors: Pandit Dr. Bashir Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The Jhelum originates in the Indian-administered part of the Kashmir region, in western Jammu and Kashmir union territory, in Vernag, from a deep spring. The river flows through the Vale of Kashmir and meanders northwest from the northern slope of the Pir Panjal Range to Wular Lake in Srinagar, which regulates its flow. The Jhelum emerges from the lake and flows west, forming a valley with nearly perpendicular sides that passes the Pir Panjal at a depth of around 7,000 feet (2,100 meters). The Jhelum meets the Kishanganga River near Muzaffarabad, the administrative hub of Azad Kashmir in the Pakistani-administered region of Kashmir. From there, it bends southward, forming a portion of the border between Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan, to the west, and Azad Kashmir to the east
Challenges in Student Centered Learning
Authors: Chaudhary Shivani
Published: July 2024

Abstract: In a student- centered approach the student is at the center of student-centered learning, where learning is dependent upon the learner's interest. It empowers learners to take ownership of their learning process, encouraging and experience real life situations. The goal of this project is to determine the challenges schools, teachers and students are facing in adopting modern technologies. The author discussed the types of student-centered learning and how a teacher can gain attention of students while using gadgets. The Prons and cons of applying student focused learning is mentioned in the article. It also shows how it is different from traditional ways of teaching and its changes are beneficiary for student and teacher. Therefore, NEP 2020 emphasizes education for all children but on the needs of the student rather than the teacher. The scaffolding means teacher helps students through their guidance, but the completion of activity is done by students. in student learning approach the student not only enhances the confidence but also use the cognitive and abstract thinking. This approach also develops the leadership skills of students and brings harmony among peer groups. The challenge teachers are facing is to use individualized plans for every diverse need of students. There is an enormous difference between student centered and traditional ways of teaching. The students are given opportunities to explore more and focus on practical work. Students become more responsible for their future course of action. In student centered learning, the students do abstarct thinking and teachers take them to field work for real life experiences. Many different commissions are developed by government of India to engage every student in practical world and give them opportunities to become a successful citizen. E- learning is the best example for student involvement in online mode with their peer group. Some of the tasks are given online by a teacher like making PPT whitehanded the computer skills and confidence of student in giving presentation.
A study on sociolinguistic relationships between numbers of sentence and genres: based on systemic functional linguistics
Authors: Han Jeong han , Cha Myunghee ,   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction
Published: July 2024

Objectives The purpose of this paper is to compare the numbers of sentences and genre characteristics. To do so, we analyze the sociolinguistic implications of the differences in the number of occurrences of culminative suffixes in different genres.
Methods Fifteen genres of texts were selected for the test, according to the type of socio-symbolic activity of systemic functional linguistics. For each of them, we counted the number of sentences with the following grammatical categories: the number of sentence types, the number of mood types, the number of stance types, the number of addressee deference types, and the number of minor sentences. To verify the results statistically, a Chi-squared Test of Independence was performed.
Results The number of sentences per genre was highest in private conversations, followed by fairy tales, weather reports, and fiction texts. On the contrary, the lowest number of sentences were found in judgments. In terms of mood, five types of mood were found in private conversations and four in fairy tales, but only a single type of mood was found in other genres. The number of stance types by genre was 4 in private conversations and 3 in fairy tales, and none in elders. The number of addressee deference types by genre tended to be fixed at one type or another depending on the audience of the text. The number of minor sentences per genre was overwhelmingly high in everyday conversation, with 15.
Conclusions The statistical tests of the results of the above analysis show that the grammatical categories performed by the culminative suffixes in the 15 genres have significant differences in the variance of their ratings, and that, although the culminative suffixes do not combine, minor sentences also fulfill the interpersonal functions of culminative suffixes.
The Effect of Artificial Intelligence Basics Classes Reflecting Process-based Evaluation on High School Students' Integrative Thinking Ability and Collaborative Problem-solving Skills: Focusing on Data and Machine Learning Units
Authors: Lee Dongjun , KIM Seung-Hyun ,   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction
Published: July 2024

Objectives This study analyzes the effects of an artificial intelligence basic course with process-focused assessment on high school students' integrative thinking and collaborative problem-solving abilities.
Methods The study was conducted with 63 high school students in Seoul as the control group and 61 as the experimental group. The experimental group took classes incorporating process-focused assessment for the ‘Data and Machine Learning’ unit of the basic artificial intelligence course, while the control group took classes using the existing textbook for the same unit. For the process-focused assessment classes, 7 lessons were developed based on the backward design model, and the validity of the lesson content and measurement tools was verified through a Delphi survey with 13 experts. Pre and post-tests were conducted to measure integrative thinking and collaborative problem-solving abilities, and t-tests were performed for statistical analysis of the test results. Additionally, interviews with students who participated in each class and their performance assessment results were qualitatively analyzed.
Results Analysis of the pre and post-test results showed that both groups showed statistically significant differences in all areas of integrative thinking and collaborative problem-solving abilities. However, compared to the existing classes, the process-focused assessment classes showed statistically significant improvements in the overall integrative thinking area and the collaborative problem-solving areas of joint problem analysis and definition, solution implementation, and evaluation and reflection. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis revealed that the experimental group outperformed the control group in terms of the quality and quantity of student feedback and task performance results.
Conclusions The artificial intelligence basic course incorporating process-focused assessment improved high school students' integrative thinking and collaborative problem-solving abilities. The backward design model is an appropriate teaching method for implementing process-focused assessment, and further research is needed on an instructional model that includes steps and procedures for process-focused assessment classes that teachers can easily reference based on this study.
A Case Study on Learner-centered Instructional Design for Integrating Key Competencies into Subject Matter Education: Focusing on Self-management Competency and Food and Cooking Subject Matter Class in Vocational High School
Authors: Jo Sunho , Kim Hyeonjin ,   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction
Published: July 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze whether it is effective for learners' self-management capabilities and learning satisfaction by designing and applying cooking practice classes based on self-management capabilities to design learner-centered classes that combine core competencies and subject classes.
Methods Classes were applied to one class in the third grade of a vocational high school located in Chungcheong-do for 6 weeks for 4 sessions. The pre- and post-test, performance evaluation and class output of scenario-based paper-delivered evaluation were evaluated and utilized as a performance evaluation standard table to confirm the learning effect of the practice class applying self-management competency. The collected data were subjected to paired-samples t-test and content analysis.
Results First, food and cooking practice classes applying self-management competency were effective in improving students' self-management competency. Before and after the practice class applying self-management competency, it showed a significant effect on improving students' academic achievement, and students' self-management competency was also improved through performance evaluation and analysis through class products. Second, the satisfaction of the food and cooking practice class applying self-management competency showed a high level of satisfaction, and in particular, the response that they received appropriate feedback in the class showed the highest satisfaction.
Conclusions Based on these results, it was discussed that practical classes applying self-management capabilities can be effective in cultivating learners' self-management capabilities and improving learning satisfaction, and educational implications were presented.
Study on Consulting and Effectiveness Evaluation for the Distance Education of University
Authors: Hong Sumin , Min Hyeree , Lee Dayeon ,   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction
Published: July 2024

Objectives Following the COVID-19 pandemic, a shift to distance learning occurred, and some classes continue to be held remotely. Although universities have conducted class consulting to adapt traditional lecture-based courses to remote formats, research evaluating the effectiveness of these consultations from the perspective of learners, the educational consumers, is lacking. This study aims to develop evaluation items for assessing the effectiveness of remote classes and to verify the effectiveness of class consulting.
Methods Variables for evaluating the effectiveness of the remote transition of courses were identified through a review of prior research and case analysis. Based on these variables, effectiveness evaluation items were developed, followed by validation by experts. Consulting was then provided to instructors and courses at S University that had applied for it, and the effectiveness of remote classes was assessed using the developed evaluation items.
Results Through expert validation, the final evaluation factors identified were “perceived academic achievement,” “learning satisfaction,” “learning engagement,” “intention to continue learning,” “learning immersion,” and “self- regulated learning,” with specific items developed for each factor. The study found that all six areas improved significantly in undergraduate classes, while in graduate classes, all areas except self-regulated learning showed significant improvement.
Conclusions Consulting for the improvement of classes, including remote classes, will continue to be important in the future. There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of consulting for remote classes using the evaluation tool presented in this study.
Validation of the Korean Version of the Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale Revised (K-PG13-R)
Authors: Choi Jin-hwa , Park Kee-Hwan ,   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction
Published: July 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study was to adapt and validate the revised version of the Prolonged Grief Scale (PG-13-R), developed in accordance with the diagnostic criteria for Prolonged Grief Disorder inserted in DSM-5-TR, into Korean. The study aimed to confirm the factor structure, validity, and reliability of the scale.
Methods Through translation and back-translation processes, the Korean version of the Prolonged Grief Scale (K-PG13-R) was constructed. The study participants were adults aged 18 and above who had experienced bereavement, with a bereavement period ranging from 1 to 5 years. Exploratory factor analysis, reliability, and validity testing were conducted with a sample of 266 bereaved individuals, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed with a separate sample of 402 bereaved individuals.
Results Through exploratory factor analysis, it was confirmed that the scale consists of a single factor. This is consistent with findings from the development of the PG-13-R scale using samples from the United States, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. As a result of conducting confirmatory factor analysis using a different sample, it was verified that the single-factor structure model extracted through exploratory factor analysis was appropriate. Additionally, the scale demonstrated high internal consistency, as well as high convergent and concurrent validity, confirming that its reliability and validity are at acceptable levels.
Conclusions This study holds significance in adapting and validating the PG-13-R revised in accordance with the formal diagnostic criteria for Prolonged Grief Disorder in DSM-5-TR into Korean. It is anticipated that this scale will contribute to evaluating and providing timely treatment for bereaved individuals in need of therapy.
Classification of Latent Class Transition Types of Elementary Student Competencies and Exploration of Influencing Factors
Authors: Ryoo Mi-kyung , Kim Jae-chul ,   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction
Published: July 2024

Objectives The study, in order to understand how elementary school student competencies appear and strengthen competency-based education, we confirmed the classification of latent classes in the 4th and 5th grades of elementary school, identified the patterns of student competency transition, and examined the impact of individual, family, and school-related factors on each latent class.
Methods For this purpose, Latent Profile Analysis and Latent Transition Analysis were conducted, utilizing data from the first year (2021) and the second year (2022) of panel data for 4th graders (total sample size of 3,671) from the Gyeongnam Education Longitudinal Study Information collected by the Gyeongsangnam-do Office of Education.
Results In the 4th grade of elementary school, the latent class of student competency was classified into three groups: ‘low competency,’ ‘medium competency,’ and ‘high competency.’ In the 5th grade of elementary school, the latent class of student competency was classified into two groups: ‘low competency’ and ‘high competency.’ It was confirmed that some of the low competency group and the medium competency group in the 4th grade of elementary school were integrated into the low-competency group in the 5th grade, and that some of the medium competency group and the high-competency group in the 4th grade of elementary school were integrated into the high competency group in the 5th grade.
Conclusions Factors significantly influencing the transition from the 4th-grade student competency latent class to that of the 5th grade were found to be self-directed learning, communication with parents, parental academic support, attitude towards assessment, and satisfaction with remote learning. Based on the key research results influencing student competency, educational policy implications for enhancing student competency were derived and discussed.
The Effects of Covert Narcissism on Midlife Crisis: The Three-way Moderating Effect of Self-Acceptance and Mentalization
Authors: Kim Koungmi , Lee Sulim ,   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction
Published: July 2024

Objectives This study examined the moderating effect of self-acceptance in the relationship between covert narcissism and midlife crisis, and verified the three-way moderating effect to determine whether mentalization moderates this.
Methods A total of 409 adults aged 40 to 59 participated in the study. For data analysis, correlation analysis was performed using SPSS29.0 and PROCESS Macro 4.2, and the moderating effect and three-way moderating effect were verified.
Results First, covert narcissism and self-acceptance, and self-acceptance and midlife crisis showed a significant negative correlation in each relationship. Mentalization showed a significant negative correlation with covert narcissism and midlife crisis, and a significant positive correlation with self-acceptance. Second, in the impact of covert narcissism on midlife crisis, self-acceptance was found to have a moderating effect in the relationship between the two variables. Third, The moderating effect of self-acceptance varied depending on the level of mentalization, and the three-way interaction was significant, thereby verifying the moderated control model.
Conclusions This suggests that in the process where covert narcissism leads to a midlife crisis, even if mentalization and self-acceptance are low, interventions that increase self-acceptance may be effective in reducing the midlife crisis.
The Effects of Preceptor Exchange Relationships on New Nurses' Self-Efficacy, Resilience, and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Woo Sung-Kyung , Jeong Hyeon-Cheol ,   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction
Published: July 2024

Objectives This study examined the effects of the exchange relationship with a preceptor on self-efficacy, resilience, and job satisfaction among new nurses.
Methods Data were collected from 125 new nurses in a hospital in City S by questionnaire after 8 weeks of preceptor-ship. Data were analyzed using t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, and linear regression analysis.
Results The exchange relationship between new nurses and preceptors was statistically significantly correlated with self-efficacy(p=.024), resilience(p=.003), and job satisfaction(p＜.001). The higher the relationship between new nurses and preceptors, the higher the self-efficacy (B=0.281, p=.024), resilience (B=0.304, p=.003), and job satisfaction (B=0.507, p<.001).
Conclusions The results of this study showed that the higher the relationship between new nurses and their preceptors, the higher their self-efficacy, resilience, and job satisfaction. Therefore, it is necessary to provide education and self-development for preceptors so that they can play the role of role model, emotional support, and counselor as well as educator to new nurses.
An analysis of early childhood teachers' subjective perception regarding digital competency: Q-methodological approach
Authors: Cho Jin Suk , Kim Young Sil , Baek Seung Seon ,   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction
Published: July 2024

Objectives This study categorized the perception of early childhood teachers and analyzed the characteristics of each type by applying Q-methodology to find out the digital competencies perceived by early childhood teachers.
Methods To this end, in order to analyze literature and extract Q samples, an open-ended survey was conducted with 102 early childhood teachers working at early childhood education institutions located in the Jeonbuk region as the Q population. Among the 102 research subjects, a total of 98 Q populations were formed excluding missing values, and a total of 36 Q samples were extracted through a categorization process. After extracting the Q sample, the Q sample statements were classified for the P sample of 36 current early childhood teachers. The data collected from the P sample of 36 people were scored from 1 point of strong disagreement to 9 points of strong agreement, and factor analysis was performed using the SPSS 29.0 program.
Results As a result of the study, early childhood teachers' perception of digital competencies was divided into four types. Type 1 was named competency based on digital citizenship and understanding, Type 2 was named competency to use technology based on digital safety, Type 3 was named cooperation and communication competency using digital technology, and Type 4 was class operation and management competency based on digital responsibility and rights.
Conclusions It is expected that this study will provide basic data for digital competency enhancement programs and teacher training suitable for early childhood teachers' perception types.
Effects of University Students’ Participation in Learning Community Programs on Academic Self-Efficacy, Resilience, Institutional Commitment, and Academic Achievement
Authors: Won Juyeon , Seong Guiboke ,   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction
Published: July 2024

Objectives This study investigated the effects of university students’ participation in learning communities as extracurricular programs on their academic self-efficacy, resilience, institutional commitment, and academic achievement.
Methods A total of 72 undergraduate students attending a 4-year university in Korea participated in the study. They all have participated in learning community programs for one semester and were tested for their academic self-efficacy, resilience, institutional commitment, and academic achievement before and after their learning community experiences. Pre- and post-test data for these dependent variables were analyzed using SPSS 28.0 through paired sample t-tests.
Results The analysis found that the participating students’ overall academic self-efficacy and all of its three sub-factors showed a statistically significant increase. Similarly, the resilience area also showed a significant increase in pre-post comparison, and significant increases were confirmed in the control and sociability sub-factors. The participating students’ level of university engagement in total and in two of the three sub-factors showed a significant increase. No significant difference was found in academic achievement between pre-test and post-test results.
Conclusions The results of this study confirm that learning community programs in universities can have a positive impact on important areas for university students such as academic self-efficacy, resilience, and university engagement. This suggests that various learning community programs be facilitated in many universities to promote improvement in these areas.