bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KẾT QUẢ CAN THIỆP TÁC VỤ KÉP NHẬN THỨC – VẬN ĐỘNG Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH PARKINSON
Authors: Kim Anh Tùng , Nguyễn Thị Kim Liên , Hứa Thanh Trúc
Published: February 2025

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá kết quả can thiệp tác vụ kép nhận thức – vận ở người bệnh Parkinson. Đối tượng: Chúng tôi tiến hành đánh giá trên 33 người bệnh Parkinson tại Bệnh viện Lão khoa Trung ương từ tháng 01/2024 đến tháng 09/2024. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu can thiệp không đối chứng, người bệnh trong nhóm nghiên cứu được thăm khám và lượng giá, sau đó được giải thích và tham gia vào chương trình can thiệp tác vụ kép trên máy thảm lăn tại viện dưới sự hướng dẫn và giám sát của bác sĩ và kỹ thuật viên, đảm bảo được khả năng theo sát chương trình tập luyện. Kết quả: Sau thời gian can thiệp, tốc độ đi cải thiện từ 0.873 ± 0.262 m/s lên 0.903 ± 0.264m/s, khoảng cách đi bộ 6 phút tăng từ 306.89 ± 90.99 mét lên 332.71 ± 111.06 mét, với mức cải thiện trung bình là 25.83 ± 20.61 mét,sự cải thiện này có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0.001. Kết luận: Can thiệp tác vụ kép nhận thức – vận động trên máy thảm lăn giúp cải thiện tốc độ đi và quãng đường đi được thông qua khoảng cách đi bộ 6 phút.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ THỰC TRẠNG SỬ DỤNG THUỐC TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ ALZHEIMER TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ ĐA KHOA NGHỆ AN
Authors: Kiều Mai Anh , Nguyễn Thị Cần
Published: February 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Alzheimer là dạng phổ biến nhất của hội chứng sa sút trí tuệ (SSTT). Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: khảo sát đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và thực trạng sử dụng thuốc trong điều trị bệnh Alzheimer tại Bệnh viện Hữu Nghị Đa khoa Nghệ An. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Tất cả các bệnh án của bệnh nhân Alzheimer được điều trị nội trú và ngoại trú tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Đa khoa Nghệ An từ 01/01/2022 tới 31/12/2023. Kết quả nghiên cứu: Tuổi trung bình của người bệnh là 74,9 ± 9,9; nữ giới chiếm tỷ lệ 56,8 %. Thể tiền lâm sàng chiếm tỷ lệ thấp nhất với 3,7%, thể SSTT chiếm phần lớn trong mẫu nghiên cứu với 80,2%. Bệnh mắc kèm có tỷ lệ cao nhất là tăng huyết áp, chiếm 41,9%. Triệu chứng lâm sàng của bệnh Alzheimer hay gặp nhất trong mẫu nghiên cứu là giảm trí nhớ (chiếm 40,7%). Chỉ số đường huyết trung bình là 6,7 ± 2,7 mmol/L, triglycerid là 1,83 ± 1,39 mmol/L, cao hơn giới hạn chẩn đoán của hội chứng chuyển hóa cho 2 chỉ số này (lần lượt là 5,6 và 1,7 mmol/L). Ba thuốc được phê duyệt cho chỉ định điều trị đặc hiệu bệnh Alzheimer gồm donepezil, galantanin, cholin alfoscerat, có 18 lượt chỉ định, chỉ chiếm 11,2% trong mẫu nghiên cứu. Nhóm thuốc hỗ trợ có lượt chỉ định nhiều nhất là nhóm giảm đau đầu, chóng mặt (37,0%) – trong đó N - acetyl - DL - leucin, betahistin là thuốc được chỉ định nhiều nhất lần lượt có tỷ lệ 18,8% và 12,5%. Kết luận: Tuổi trung bình của người bệnh là 74,9 ± 9,9; tỷ lệ nữ là 56,8%; thể SSTT chiếm phần lớn với 80,2%; chỉ số đường huyết và triglycerid vượt quá mức bình thường; triệu chứng bệnh alzheimer hay gặp nhất trong mẫu nghiên cứu là giảm trí nhớ. Thuốc được chỉ định điều trị đặc hiệu alzheimer gồm donepezil, galantanin, cholin alfoscerat; thuốc hỗ trợ được chỉ định nhiều nhất là N - acetyl DL- leucin, betahistin.
PDXpower: A Power Analysis Tool for Experimental Design in Pre-clinical Xenograft Studies for Uncensored and Censored Outcomes
Authors: Li Shanpeng , Telesca Donatello , Kornblum Harley I. , Nathanson David , Pajonk Frank , Cui Elvis Han , Palmer Joycelynne , Li Gang
Published: February 2025

In cancer research, leveraging patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) in pre-clinical experiments is a crucial approach for assessing innovative therapeutic strategies. Addressing the inherent variability in treatment response among and within individual PDX lines is essential. However, the current literature lacks a user-friendly statistical power analysis tool capable of concurrently determining the required number of PDX lines and animals per line per treatment group in this context. In this paper, we present a simulation-based R package for sample size determination, named ‘PDXpower’, which is publicly available at The Comprehensive R Archive Network (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=PDXpower). The package is designed to estimate the necessary number of both PDX lines and animals per line per treatment group for the design of a PDX experiment, whether for an uncensored outcome, or a censored time-to-event outcome. Our sample size considerations rely on two widely used analytical frameworks: the mixed effects ANOVA model for uncensored outcomes and Cox’s frailty model for censored data outcomes, which effectively account for both inter-PDX variability and intra-PDX correlation in treatment response. Step-by-step illustrations for utilizing the developed package are provided, catering to scenarios with or without preliminary data.
Design of Smart Bracelet Based on STM32 MCU
Authors: Xu Depeng , Zhou Lina , Li Mengshan
Published: February 2025

With the enhancement of living standards, individuals are placing a growing emphasis on health and are increasingly interested in gaining a comprehensive understanding of their physical and mental well-being. This thesis presents the design of a multifunctional smart bracelet that integrates step counting, heart rate monitoring, temperature detection, and time display. The bracelet is equipped with features such as sports step counting statistics, health monitoring, and wireless Bluetooth communication. Initially, an accelerometer is utilized to achieve precise step counting, while a heart rate sensor collects heart rate data in real time. A temperature sensor monitors the ambient temperature, and a clock module provides accurate timekeeping. All information is intuitively displayed on an OLED screen, facilitating users to readily access their health status information at any given moment. By establishing thresholds for health indices, the bracelet’s buzzer is employed for early warning and alert notifications. This design effectively addresses the limitations of traditional bracelets, including their singular functionality, high cost, and excessive power consumption. It is highly practical, user-friendly, and offers a novel approach to the advancement of intelligent technology.
Pancreatolithiasis with Puestow Procedure in Rural Hospital: Case Report
Authors: Juristiasa Dewa Putu Satria , Kusuma Ida Bagus Wisnu Parbawa , Wambrauw Herman
Published: February 2025

Background: Pancreatolithiasis represents a significant challenge in gastroenterological surgery, particularly when complicated by metabolic disorders and lifestyle factors. This rural setting often results in limited access to specialized medical care, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment for conditions such as pancreatolithiasis. The coexistence of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and chronic alcoholism creates a complex clinical scenario that can significantly impact surgical outcomes and post-operative recovery. Understanding these interactions is crucial for optimal patient management and risk stratification in surgical decision-making. Case presentation: A 22-year-old male presented with severe hyperglycemia (blood glucose 768 mg/dL) and generalized weakness, complicated by a two-year history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic alcoholism. Diagnostic imaging revealed multiple pancreatic calculi, necessitating a modified Puestow procedure. The postoperative course was marked by severe complications, including metabolic derangements, coagulopathy with severe thrombocytopenia, and respiratory failure requiring tracheostomy. Discussion: This case highlights the complex interplay between pancreatolithiasis, diabetes mellitus, and chronic alcoholism in young adults. The rapid deterioration despite aggressive medical management underscores the importance of comprehensive pre-operative risk assessment and metabolic optimization. The case demonstrates the potential complications of major pancreatic surgery in patients with multiple comorbidities. Conclusion: Pancreatolithiasis is a challenge to diagnose, accurate diagnosis and open surgery is the definitive therapy. Early recognition of high-risk factors, careful patient selection, and aggressive pre-operative optimization are crucial in managing complex cases of pancreatolithiasis.
Analisis Analisis Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa pada Materi Deret Aritmatika
Authors: Parinduri Siti Nurhidayati , Dalimunthe Nazwa Suhaila , Zakiah Putri , Hati Suci , Nurdalilah Nurdalilah
Published: February 2025

Pemahaman konsep diperlukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah. Peneliti menemukan bahwa banyak siswa mengalami gagal memahami konsep dalam matematika untuk menyelesaikan masalah matematika terutama pada materi deret aritmatika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa SMP kelas IX pada materi deret aritmatika. Kami menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus dengan melibatkan siswa kelas IX SMP Swasta Al Manar, Medan Johor dengan subjek penelitian yang terdiri dari 20 peserta didik.. Instrumen yang dikumpulkan berupa hasil tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis dan hasil wawancara. Tes digunakan untuk memberikan penjelasan lebih dalam mengenai pemahaman konsep matematis siswa, dan wawancara dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi tanggapan yang diberikan oleh siswa dalam menanggapi soal essay yang telah dikerjakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 80% siswa sudah memiliki pemahaman konsep yang baik dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematis.
"Navigating the Complexities of CAD Assessment: Challenges and Solutions for High School Students in Harare Schools."
Authors: Blessing Hove
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This study provides an in-depth examination of the multifaceted challenges teachers encounter when assessing CAD designs in Harare schools. The research focuses on the diversity of student abilities and learning approaches, highlighting the complexities involved in creating fair and equitable assessments. It explores how educators can balance the need to evaluate both advanced and novice students effectively, ensuring that all students receive a fair assessment of their skills. A significant focus is placed on the inherent subjectivity involved in assessing creative CAD projects. The study investigates the tension between fostering student innovation and adhering to standardized evaluation criteria. This balance is crucial in maintaining both the integrity of the assessment process and the encouragement of student creativity. The study also proposes practical solutions and strategies aimed at helping educators navigate these complexities. this study aims to contribute to the broader understanding of CAD education in high schools, offering insights that can help educators enhance their assessment practices and better support student learning in the field of computer-aided design.
Automated Hydroponic System Measurement for Smart Greenhouses in Algeria
Authors: Attia Moussa , Belghar Nour , Driss Zied
Published: February 2025

Increasing food security and water shortages need creative agricultural methods, especially in dry places like Algeria. This research examines an Arduino-controlled smart greenhouse system for hydroponic barley growing, addressing the demand for resource-efficient farming. The experiment at the University of Tebessa (34°09'16"N, 8°07'44"E) used a semi-cylindrical greenhouse (0.65m × 0.70m × 0.65m) with DHT22 sensors for temperature and humidity monitoring, photoresistors for lighting control, and controlled watering systems. The approach yielded 26% more barley (120g vs. 95g) in 10 weeks instead of 12 weeks. Compared to soil-based approaches, water use efficiency reached 50 g/L, a 70-90% decrease. Optimizing energy usage to 150 kWh saved 9% over prior smart greenhouse systems (165 kWh). To achieve 95% nutrient absorption efficiency, the automated control system maintained ideal growth conditions at 20-25°C and 60-80% relative humidity. Compared to conventional approaches, key performance indicators revealed significant improvements: average plant height grew by 18%, tiller count increased by 33%, and leaf area extended to 1000 cm². A semi-cylindrical design increased spatial efficiency by 20% and reduced disease outbreaks by 10%. These findings show that Arduino-based smart greenhouse technology may boost barley production efficiency and minimize resource usage, making it a viable alternative for sustainable agriculture in dry locations.
Consumption trends and factors influencing customers’ choices: A Quantitative Research at Fuel Stations Sector in Portugal
Authors: MAGUETA Daniel , ESTRELA Sónia , VEIGA Erica
Published: February 2025

Many companies engaged in fuel retail, whether fossil-based or electricity-based, seek to complement their offerings to their customers through convenience stores located at their fuel stations. This study aims to analyze the profile of consumers who visit those convenience stores at fuel stations, investigating the factors they value the most during the purchasing process and emphasizing the role that brands, as a strategic asset, may have in influencing consumer trust and purchasing decisions. The survey applied in this work shows that most respondents do not make convenience purchases at fuel station stores, and those who do mainly buy impulse items such as chocolates, candies, bottled water, and juices. Additionally, the results highlight that the price of fuel, trust in the brand, discount coupons, and fuel cards are the factors most valued by respondents. The estimated model also shows that the income variable is statistically significant, as an increase in household income increases the likelihood of consumers purchasing products at fuel stations.
Deteksi Jenis Tanaman Berdasarkan Bentuk Daun Menggunakan KNN
Authors: Nasution Siti Ananda , Lestari Dewi , Azzahra Dita Putri , Kiswanto Dedy
Published: February 2025

Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi, termasuk ribuan spesies tanaman yang tersebar luas. Identifikasi jenis tanaman penting dalam bidang seperti pertanian, kehutanan, dan penelitian ilmiah. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem deteksi jenis tanaman berbasis bentuk daun menggunakan algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN). Dataset gambar daun dikumpulkan dan diolah untuk mengekstraksi fitur morfologis, seperti tepi dan tekstur daun. KNN kemudian digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan daun ke dalam jenis tanaman tertentu berdasarkan kemiripannya dengan sampel dalam dataset. Validasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan akurasi dari berbagai nilai k untuk menemukan konfigurasi terbaik. Hasilnya, algoritma KNN berhasil mencapai akurasi klasifikasi 94,44%, dengan akurasi sempurna pada daun Kembang Sepatu dan Singkong, sedangkan daun Jarak dan Ubi Malaysia memiliki akurasi 83%. Kombinasi fitur LBP dan HOG terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan representasi morfologi daun.
Sistem Informasi Jadwal dan Ketersediaan Speedboat (Studi Kasus: Pelabuhan Goto Sarimalaha Kota Tidore Kepulauan)
Authors: Hajar Hasan  , Edy Waly Rumaf
Published: February 2025

Diberbagai destinasi wisata atau pulau-pulau terpencil, speedboat menjadi salah satu transportasi laut yang menyediakan akses cepat dan efisien. Oleh karena itu, untuk memastikan layanan yang optimal, diperlukan sistem penjadwalan yang baik. Sistem penjadwalan pada pelabuhan Goto Sarimalaha Kota Tidore Kepulauan sampai saat ini masih menggunakan cara konvensional, yang mengakibatkan keterbatasan informasi bagi calon penumpang yang akan menggunakan jasa speedboat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang dan membuat sebuah sistem informasi penjadwalan speedboat yang menampilkan informasi jadwal dan ketersediaan speedboat yang dapat diakses secara online dan realtime kapan saja dan dimana saja. Metode yang digunakan dalam perancangan sistem adalah metode DevOps dan metode BlackBox. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan sebuah prototipe aplikasi berbasis web yang dapat diakses secara online dan sudah dilakukan pengujian fungsi dengan metode BlackBox, yang mana fungsi-fungsi dalam aplikasi tersebut sudah berjalan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan.
GRAMMARLY’S INFLUENCE ON ACADEMIC WRITING CONFIDENCE IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: TEMIRGALIYEVA G.Y. , ISKAKBAYEVA A.A. , YERSULTANOVA G.T.
Published: February 2025

This quasi-experimental study investigates the impact of Grammarly, an AI-powered writing assistant, on the confidence and self-efficacy of high school students in academic writing. Conducted with 48 students from a school of Physics and Mathematics, the research employed a non-randomized design with two groups: an Experimental Group using Grammarly Premium and a Control Group that did not receive technological support. Results indicated that Grammarly significantly reduced writing errors in the EG, compared to a lesser reduction in the CG. Additionally, the EG reported notable improvements in writing confidence and self-efficacy, with increases observed on validated scales. These findings suggest that Grammarly can substantially enhance both the quality of academic writing and students’ self-perceptions as writers. The study highlights the potential of integrating digital tools in educational settings to foster better learning outcomes. Limitations include the study’s short duration and non-randomized group assignment, pointing to the need for further research to explore long-term effects and broader educational impacts.
THE PECULIARITY OF NEURO-DIDACTIC CONTENT AIMED AT DEVELOPING THE INTELLIGENCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: STAMBEKOVA A. , ZHUMABAYEVA ZH. , NURZHANOVA S.
Published: February 2025

The article describes the specifics of neurodidactic content aimed at developing the intelligence of primary school students. The theoretical foundations of neurodidactic, including the concepts of neuroplasticity and cognitive development, are considered. The neuro-didactic content aimed at developing the intelligence of younger schoolchildren is analyzed. The meaning of the concept of neuro-didactic content is revealed, its definition is given, and its effectiveness and capabilities are revealed. A survey was conducted to determine the knowledge of primary school teachers about neurophysiological features, the development of the intelligence of primary school students, and neurodidactic content, to determine what work they do in the development of the intelligence of their students, and to clarify the content of neurodidactic content and determine the possibility of neurodidactic content in the development of students ‘ intelligence. The results were verified using a coefficient scale and displayed as a diagram and a table. According to the survey results, the educational level of primary school teachers in intelligence development with the help of neurodidactic content was determined, as well as the content of neurodidactic content for the development of intelligence of younger schoolchildren.
DEVELOPING FUNCTIONAL LITERACY OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS BASED ON INTELLECTUAL AND CREATIVE SPEECH SKILLS
Authors: IZMAGAMBETOVA R.K. , KOZHAMKULOVA N.S. , OSPANBEKOVA M.N. , AKHMETOVA G.H. , NURBEKOVA S.M.
Published: February 2025

In the current education system, students’ functional literacy holds significant importance. It can serve as a tool for developing competencies and activating students’ cognitive activities. The development of a student’s knowledge and competencies is closely linked within a unified learning-cognitive process. One of the aspects of this interconnection is the emphasis in school education on forming students’ functional literacy as a tool for self-development, in accordance with their interests and abilities. The methodological basis of the research is formed by contemporary school education concepts, the main principles of school pedagogy, the theory of developing communicative skills in teaching, the theory of developing students’ functional literacy, and the scientific foundations of communicative education technologies. The sources of the research included state documents on the development of education in Kazakhstan and abroad, scientific works of domestic and foreign scholars on the issue under study, periodicals from Kazakhstan and other countries, materials from scientific-practical conferences, educational programs, and teaching and methodological manuals. During the research, we examined the student’s learning process and the formation of students’ functional literacy within a unified educational-cognitive process. One aspect of this interconnection is the scientific approach in the educational process, where teaching functions as a tool for understanding the surrounding world and as a tool for self-development in accordance with the student’s interests and abilities.
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AS A COMPONENT OF FUTURE TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE: THE POTENTIAL OF VOLUNTEER ACTIVITIES
Authors: GELISLI Y. , ABDIKALIKOV B. , USSENOVА A.
Published: February 2025

This article examines the role of psychological well-being in the structure of future teachers’ professional competence and opportunities for its development through volunteer activities. A review of foreign and domestic research revealing the relationship between psychological well-being and teachers’ professional effectiveness has been conducted. The concepts of «teacher’s psychological well-being», «professional competence», and «volunteering» have been analyzed. Psychological well-being is considered as a key component of teacher’s professional resilience, affecting the quality of educational process and professional longevity. Volunteer activity is presented as an effective tool for developing psychological well-being of future teachers, contributing to the formation of emotional stability, professional identity, and social competence. An empirical study was conducted among 1st-4th year students of pedagogical specialties (N=425) to determine the relationship between involvement in volunteer activities and indicators of psychological well-being. The results demonstrate a positive correlation between participation in volunteer activities and the level of psychological well-being of future teachers. The main barriers preventing the effective use of volunteering as a tool for developing psychological well-being have been identified: insufficient awareness of volunteer activity directions and lack of practical experience in interacting with various categories of beneficiaries. Based on the obtained results, the necessity of developing a system of psychological and pedagogical support for volunteer activities of pedagogical students has been substantiated.
Perancangan Tempat Sampah Cerdas Berbasis Arduino Uno di MTS Sunan Kalijaga
Authors: - Nur Rokhman , Sumaryanto  , Puteri Anindya Maulan
Published: February 2025

The increasingly rapid development of technology has spread to every aspect of life, making people have to be technologically literate. At MTS Sunan Kalijaga Bawang, students carry out activities to gain knowledge and other activities. The students' parents provide them with food, drinks or money to shop in the school canteen. However, problems arise when eating and drinking are done outside the canteen zone. Observation results show that some students who eat and drink during breaks still throw away rubbish not in the places provided. The reason is that they are afraid that their hands will get dirty when opening the lid of the trash can, so they are reluctant to throw the trash where it is intended, resulting in the trash being scattered around.
To overcome this problem, this research focuses on designing smart trash cans that can attract the interest of the public and MTS Sunan Kalijaga Bawang students to throw trash in the right place. This project uses the Arduino Uno platform to simplify and increase environmental awareness. Thus, the aim of this research is to create a more efficient and environmentally friendly waste processing system in schools.
Characteristics of Boundary Layer Turbulence Energy Budget in Shenzhen Area Based on Coherent Wind Lidar Observations
Authors: Xian Jinhong , Qiu Zongxu , Rao Huayan , Cheng Zhigang , Lin Xiaoling , Lu Chao , Yang Honglong , Zhang Ning
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Due to the limitations of observations with meteorological towers and aircraft, there is a lack of research on the vertical characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer in relation to the budget terms of turbulence kinetic energy (TKE). This study reveals the seasonal characteristics of the TKE budget and processes in Shenzhen using long-term observational data from coherent wind lidar. We found that the TKE variations in the region transition in behavior around 14:00 local time, mainly because of changes in buoyancy generation. We determined that TKE is strongest in summer and has the highest impact at high altitudes in autumn in Shenzhen. Our results indicate that above 360 m, the daytime turbulent transport term in all seasons is positive, contributing up to 20 % of the total TKE budget, and the dissipation rate term is t is the only factor that dominates energy dissipation. We also found seasonal differences in the vertical characteristics of the dissipation rate in the region, with maximum values observed near the ground during spring, summer, and autumn. Our results indicate that near the ground, buoyancy is the main generation process of TKE, contributing up to 60 % of the total budget. Above 570 m, the role of shear generation gradually becomes more prominent, comparable to buoyancy generation. These findings not only enrich our understanding of the vertical structure of atmospheric turbulence, but also provide new observational data and theoretical support for the parameterization of the turbulence energy budget in climate models, which can help improve atmospheric predictions.
Tropical cirrus evolution in a km-scale model with improved ice microphysics
Authors: Gasparini Blaž , Atlas Rachel , Voigt Aiko , Krämer Martina , Blossey Peter N.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Tropical cirrus clouds form via in situ ice nucleation below the homogeneous freezing temperature of water or detrainment from deep convection. Despite their importance, limited understanding of their evolution and formation pathways contributes to large uncertainty in climate projections. To address these challenges, we implement novel passive tracers in the cloud-resolving model SAM to track the three-dimensional development of cirrus clouds. One tracer tracks air parcels exiting convective updrafts, revealing a rapid decline in ice crystal size and number as anvils age. Another tracer focuses on in situ cirrus, capturing their formation in the cold upper atmosphere and the subsequent reduction in ice crystal number over time. We find that in situ cirrus dominate at colder temperatures and lower ice water contents, while anvil cirrus prevail at temperatures above -60 °C. Although in situ cirrus have a smaller radiative impact compared to anvil cirrus, their contribution must be considered when evaluating top-of-the-atmosphere radiative effects. These findings improve our ability to assess the distinct roles of convective and in situ cirrus in shaping tropical cirrus properties and their impacts on climate. We also improve the model's representation of tropical cirrus through simple, computationally inexpensive microphysics modifications, achieving better agreement with tropical aircraft observations. We show that updrafts critical for tropical cirrus formation are only resolved at horizontal grid spacings finer than 250 m—much finer than those used in global storm-resolving models. To mitigate this limitation, we propose microphysics improvements that reduce biases without increasing computational costs.
Technical note: Efficiency of various evaporation barriers for use in automated water samplers for subsequent water isotope analysis
Authors: Mueller Christin , Pekarev Tim Giorgio , Knoeller Kay
Published: February 2025

Abstract. High temporal and spatial resolution water sampling of stream water or precipitation for subsequent stable water isotope analysis (δ2H and δ18O) is commonly conducted with self-made or commercial automated samplers. However, prolonged storage of water samples in open bottles inside autosamplers can lead to isotopic alterations caused by evaporative fractionation and vapor mixing. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of different evaporation barriers—dip-in tubes, ball valves, and siphons—under controlled laboratory conditions. Experiments were conducted using glass bottles with varying filling levels (50 mL to 250 mL in 250 mL bottles) and exposure times of up to 52 days. Our results demonstrate that all tested barriers effectively reduce isotopic alterations. Among these, the dip-in tube emerged as the simplest and most efficient solution, reliably preserving isotopic data even over extended storage durations. We also observed isotopic differences between the water in the dip-in tube and the main bottle. This phenomenon becomes particularly relevant when sample volumes are very low, as water from the dip-in tube may influence the overall isotopic composition of the sample. This finding highlights the need for careful consideration of bottle design, funnel size and sample handling, especially with low water volumes. These findings provide valuable insights for the design of cost-effective, automated water sampling systems for stable isotope applications, emphasizing the importance of evaporation barriers to ensure reliable and accurate isotopic analyses.
A machine learning-based perspective on deep convective clouds and their organisation in 3D. Part I: Influence of deep convective cores on the cloud life-cycle
Authors: Brüning Sarah , Tost Holger
Published: February 2025

Abstract. In this two-part sequence of papers, we investigate spatio-temporal patterns of convective cloud activity and organisation. The analysis employs a machine learning (ML)-based contiguous 3D extrapolation of satellite data from multiple sensors to simultaneously follow horizontal and vertical cloud development. Our study covers West Africa, a hotspot for intense convection and severe weather. In this part, we derive seasonal and diurnal variations for convective cloud properties during spring (March–May) and summer (June–August). Moreover, we explore the connection between the number of deep convective cores (DCCs) and the cloud life-cycle. For that purpose, we track the evolution of convective systems and their core regions. More than 80 % of detected clouds contain a single convective core and persist between 1–3 hours. These isolated clouds have an enhanced absolute cooling but weaker anvil growth and updraft strength during their growth stage than clustered systems. The average difference between oceanic and continental cloud properties accounts for about 10 %. However, we detect a high seasonal variability and a surface-specific diurnal cycle. We find long-lasting cloud clusters with more intense core regions over continental Africa. Within these clusters, the interaction between cores may renew convective activity. The horizontal growth of convective clouds is about 5–10 % more intense over land in both seasons, even though convective activity over the ocean increases stronger in summer. While our results emphasise an enhanced convective activity over land, we suggest further analysis of regional patterns of clustered convection and their hydro-climatological impact.
A machine learning-based perspective on deep convective clouds and their organisation in 3D. Part II: Spatial-temporal patterns of convective organisation
Authors: Brüning Sarah , Tost Holger
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This sequence of papers examines spatio-temporal patterns of convective cloud activity and organisation. In response to the limitations of current remote sensing sensors, our analysis employs a machine learning (ML)-based contiguous 3D extrapolation of 2D satellite data. In Part 2, we investigate spatio-temporal patterns of convective organisation over West Africa and assess their connection to 3D convective cloud and core properties. We employ three organisation indices (COP, SCAI, ROME) to statistically quantify convective organisation. Our results show that convective organisation increases for long-lasting mesoscale cloud systems with numerous deep convective cores. It is likely connected to the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and its northward shift in summer. In spring (March–May), strong convective organisation appears around the Gulf of Guinea and the remote Atlantic Ocean between 15–30° S. The seasonality of convective cloud development induces an increase of the indices between 5–20 % in summer. For instance, the landmass distribution and the influence of extra-tropical dynamics may cause a considerably higher variability in the southern hemisphere. Over the ocean, the organisation indices (COP, SCAI) are about 5–10 % higher than over land. However, derived statistics may be affected by overlapping effects of isolated and clustered convection occurring in the same region. To disentangle their impact calls for an adaptive index. To summarise, combining the information of multiple remote sensing instruments may deliver more profound insights into convective organisation. For future research, we emphasise a further need for a robust quantification of convective organisation.
Extension of AVHRR-based climate data records: Exploring ways to simulate AVHRR radiances from Suomi-NPP VIIRS data
Authors: Karlsson Karl-Göran , Håkansson Nina , Eliasson Salomon , Wolters Erwin , Scheirer Ronald
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Radiances from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) onboard the NOAA-19 satellite were successfully simulated from Suomi-NPP Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) radiances using collocated AVHRR/VIIRS datasets from 2012–2013. Spectral Band Adjustment Factors (SBAFs) were derived using linear regression and neural networks (NNs). The NN approach produced the best results, and separating daytime from night-time conditions when simulating AVHRR channel 3B at 3.7 µm was key. Furthermore, daytime radiance corrections in this channel must depend on actual surface and cloud reflectances to be realistic, which was only achieved by the NN approach. The cloud mask, cloud top height, and cloud phase products were produced from the simulated AVHRR radiances using the same retrieval methods for NOAA-19 data used to compile the CLARA-A3 climate data record (CDR). CLARA-A3 is the third edition of the EUMETSAT Climate Monitoring Satellite Application Facility (CM SAF) CDR with cloud parameters, surface albedo, surface radiation, and Top of Atmosphere (TOA) radiation products from AVHRR. Products were validated using CALIPSO cloud products and agreed well with original CLARA-A3 products, with the best results provided by the NN simulation approach. The NN-based approach best reproduced the corresponding products for cloud optical thickness (COT), cloud effective radius (CRE), liquid water path (LWP), and ice water path (IWP). The CLARA-A3 CDR will be complemented and extended with VIIRS-based products to cover the period 1979–2024 (46 years). This edition will be known as CLARA-A3.5. Future extensions and editions can follow a similar approach by applying the same radiance simulation method to collocated data from the Metop-C AVHRR and the Metop-SG METimage sensors, the first version of the latter scheduled for launch in August 2025. Successful simulation of AVHRR radiances from METimage data enables the extension of the CLARA CDR for several decades using observations from VIIRS and METimage.
An observational estimate of Arctic UV-absorbing aerosol direct radiative forcing on instantaneous and climatic scales
Authors: Sorenson Blake T. , Zhang Jianglong , Reid Jeffrey S. , Xian Peng
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Using co-located satellite observations from the Aqua Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, the Aqua Cloud and the Earth Radiant Energy System, the Special Sensor Microwave Imager / Sounder, and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument, we investigated changes in absorbing aerosol direct radiative forcing (ADRF) in the spring through fall Arctic from 2005 – 2020 through an observation based method, assisted by a neural network for estimating cloud and aerosol free sky Top-of-Atmosphere (TOA) radiative fluxes, and an innovative, Monte-Carlo-based method for estimating uncertainties in derived ADRF values. This study suggests that Arctic ADRF is a strong function of observing conditions, and changes in Arctic sea ice concentrations and cloud properties introduce a complex scenario for estimating ADRF. For example, the TOA ADRF reverses sign from negative (cooling) to positive (warming) for sea ice concentration above 60 % for a region with a relatively cloud free scene. ADRF trends over Arctic land surfaces are primarily negative. Strong negative ADRF trends of up to -4 Wm-2 were found over northern Russia and northern Canada in the summer months. Both positive and negative ADRF trends were found over the Arctic Ocean in the boreal summer, though these trends are much weaker than the over-land trends. Positive ADRF trends in the Arctic Ocean north of northeastern Russia and northern Canada are as high as +1.0 Wm-2 per study period. The trend results suggest that increasing amounts of absorbing aerosols in the Arctic have a cooling effect from TOA that could act to counter Arctic warming.
A sea ice deformation and rotation rate dataset (2017–2023) from the Environment and Climate Change Canada automated sea ice tracking system (ECCC-ASITS)
Authors: Plante Mathieu , Lemieux Jean-François , Tremblay L. Bruno , Bouchat Amélie , Ringeisen Damien , Blain Philippe , Howell Stephen , Brady Mike , Komarov Alexander S. , Duval Béatrice , Yakuden Lekima , Labelle Frédérique
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Sea ice forms a thin but horizontally extensive boundary between the ocean and the atmosphere and has complex, crust-like dynamics characterized by intermittent sea ice deformations. The heterogeneity and localization of these sea ice deformations are important characteristics of the sea ice cover that can be used to evaluate the performance of dynamical sea ice models against observations across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Here, we present a new pan-Arctic sea ice deformation and rotation rate (SIDRR; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13936609, Plante et al., 2024a) dataset derived from the RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) and Sentinel-1 (S1) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery from 1 September 2017 to 31 August 2023. The SIDRR estimates are derived from contour integrals of triangulated ice motion data, obtained from the Environment and Climate Change Canada automated sea ice tracking system (ECCC-ASITS). The SIDRR dataset is not regularized and consists of stacked data from multiple SAR images computed on a range of spatial (4–10 km) and temporal (0.5–6 d) scales. It covers the entire Arctic Ocean and all peripheral seas except the Okhotsk Sea. Uncertainties associated with the propagation of tracking errors on the deformation values are included. We show that rectangular patterns of deformation features are visible when the sampled deformation rates are lower than the propagation error. This limits the meaningful information that can be extracted in areas with low SIDRR values but allows for the study of linear kinematic features with a high SIDRR signal-to-noise ratio. The spatial coverage and range of resolutions of the SIDRR dataset provide an interesting opportunity to investigate regional and seasonal variability in sea ice deformation statistics across scales, and these data can also be used to determine metrics for model evaluation.
Lack of robustness of hydrological models: a large-sample diagnosis and an attempt to identify hydrological and climatic drivers
Authors: Santos Léonard , Andréassian Vazken , Sonnenborg Torben O. , Lindström Göran , de Lavenne Alban , Perrin Charles , Collet Lila , Thirel Guillaume
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The transferability of hydrological models over contrasting climate conditions, also identified as model robustness, has been the subject of much research in recent decades. The occasional lack of robustness identified in such models is not only an operational challenge – since it affects the confidence that can be placed in projections of climate change impact – it also hints at possible deficiencies in the structures of these models. This paper presents a large-scale application of the robustness assessment test (RAT) for three hydrological models with different levels of complexity: GR6J, HYPE and MIKE SHE. The dataset comprises 352 catchments located in Denmark, France and Sweden. Our aim is to evaluate how robustness varies over the dataset and between models and whether the lack of robustness can be linked to some hydrological and/or climate characteristics of the catchments (thus providing a clue as to where to focus model improvement efforts). We show that, although the tested models are very different, they encounter similar robustness issues over the dataset. However, models do not necessarily lack robustness in the same catchments and are not sensitive to the same hydrological characteristics. This work highlights the applicability of the RAT regardless of model type and its ability to provide a detailed diagnostic evaluation of model robustness issues.
Spatial phenotyping of osteoarthritis through macro, micro, and molecular multiscale approach
Authors:   , Fan Xiwei
Published: February 2025

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling disease affecting the whole joint. Traditional bulk analysis, averaging measurements across entire samples, limited our understanding of OA. This project employed multiple advanced microimaging techniques to overcome the limitation. The project illustrated that OA tissue exhibits distinct reactions at spatial levels from structural, elemental, mechanical, multi-omics and enzymatic perspectives. It also developed a novel protocol for preserving metabolites, proteins, and mineralisation while maintaining histological morphology. The project provides a solid foundation for personalised treatment development in OA by leveraging state-of-the-art imaging techniques and subcellular analysis methods.
Ambivalent Communities: How engagement with Informal Gamemaking Communities Shapes the Labour of Australian Videogame Makers
Authors:   , Verkaaik Erix
Published: February 2025

The labour of independent gamemaking is notoriously precarious. In game production research, there is a concern with how creative workers build sustainable careers in the risk economy of creative labour. Academics and creatives alike have suggested that informal gamemaking communities may offer independent gamemakers a way to manage, and perhaps overcome, such labour issues. This thesis critically investigates this claim and draws upon Angela McRobbie’s concept of a creativity dispositif to suggest that there is an inherent ambivalence to both organising and engaging with gamemaking communities that ultimately shapes the labour of gamemakers.
Understanding Employees' Intention to Comply with Anti-Money Laundering Regulations
Authors:   , Malaarachchi Dasun Nirmala
Published: February 2025

This research investigates the factors influencing employees' compliance with anti-money laundering (AML) regulations in the banking and financial sector. By evaluating five behavioural theories, the study identifies the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) as the most effective model for explaining compliance intentions. The findings highlight role-specific differences in compliance behaviour, providing valuable insights for tailoring AML strategies and improving regulatory effectiveness.
Planificación estratégica y habilidades gerenciales de instituciones financieras populares en Ecuador
Authors: Orellana Orellana Edison Fernando , González Veintimilla Mariela Isabel , Cárdenas Vivar Noé Rafael , Viñan María Belén
Published: February 2025

Este estudio analiza la influencia de la planificación estratégica y las habilidades gerenciales en la sostenibilidad de instituciones financieras en el contexto de la economía popular y solidaria en el Cantón La Troncal, Ecuador. La investigación se propone determinar si las capacidades de gestión y la planificación estratégica contribuyen a la sostenibilidad de estas instituciones. Para evaluar las hipótesis, se aplicaron dos modelos de regresión lineal, utilizando un programa estadístico y técnicas de entrada secuencial. Se midieron los coeficientes de correlación, determinación y error de estimación para establecer la relación entre las variables predictoras y la sostenibilidad. Los resultados muestran que existe una correlación entre las capacidades de gestión y la planificación estratégica con la sostenibilidad, destacando una asociación positiva de las habilidades gerenciales con un valor de correlación de 0.72 frente al valor de 0.66 de la planificación estratégica. Estos hallazgos sugieren que las habilidades gerenciales tienen una mayor influencia en la sostenibilidad que la planificación. En conclusión, el estudio confirma que tanto las capacidades de gestión como la planificación estratégica son factores importantes para la sostenibilidad, con una mayor relevancia de las habilidades gerenciales en el éxito organizacional a largo plazo.
Posicionamiento de los proyectos de vinculación con la sociedad desde la perspectiva de los ejecutores
Authors: Peralta Mocha María Beatriz , Verdezoto Reinoso Mariana Del Rocío , Ramón Guanuche Ronald Eugenio , Lalangui Balcázar Margot Isabel
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la influencia de las características clave de los proyectos de vinculación con la sociedad en el posicionamiento de la UTMACH, desde la perspectiva de los profesores ejecutores. Este artículo presenta parte de los resultados del proyecto de investigación “Vinculación con la Sociedad como medio para el posicionamiento competitivo de la Universidad Técnica de Machala”. La metodología incluyó una revisión de la bibliografía sobre vinculación universitaria y de los lineamientos normativos de la institución. Se elaboró un cuestionario dirigido a los docentes responsables de dichos proyectos. Los resultados revelan que, según los profesores ejecutores, los proyectos de vinculación tienen un alto grado de posicionamiento debido a características específicas de su ejecución. Se concluye que la universidad ha desarrollado una capacidad académica institucional sólida para la formulación y ejecución de proyectos de vinculación, aunque es necesario promover metodologías de evaluación que consideren la perspectiva de los beneficiarios, con el fin de fomentar la mejora continua de las organizaciones.
A SVoD Platforms: A Comprehensive Analysis through Technology Adoption Models
Authors: Müller-Pérez Jessica , Acevedo-Duque Ángel , Alvarez-Becerra Rina , Yomaira Verges Irma
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, companies operating in the Over-The-Top (OTT) market, particularly those within the Subscription Video on Demand (SVoD) model, face increasing diversification and competitiveness with numerous alternatives. Unforeseen developments have necessitated adjustments in the pricing strategy of these platforms. Therefore, the objective of this research is to identify the primary factors affecting the intention of continued use of SVoD platforms through the technology acceptance model (TAM), the Value-based Adoption Model (VAM), and the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model (UTAUT), incorporating new variables. An online survey was conducted with 385 OTT users, and PLS-SEM was employed to measure the model. The results revealed that the variable most influencing the intention of continued use was the perceived value of the viewers, followed by personalization and habit. This study represents one of the initial investigations conducted in Mexico on SVoD platforms, providing valuable insights for SVoD platform administrators to understand the key features they should focus on when adjusting or making strategic changes. This knowledge aims to ensure customer satisfaction and prolonged retention. Additionally, it contributes academically by proposing a new model based on the TAM and VAM frameworks.