bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A systematic approach to sociological research of individual values
Authors: Dembitskyi Serhii , Sydorov Mykola , Pliushch Valentyna , Sosniuk Yevgeniy , Shalimova Oksana
Published: March 2020

The paper presents the underpinnings of systematic approach to identifying and gauging individual-level values. First, the authors analysed how the “value” is conceptualised in works by M.Rokeach, R.Inglehart, G.Hofstede and S.Schwartz and came to the conclusion that all those conceptualisations focus on one particular component belonging to the inner structure of values. Hence an alternative interpretation was put forward according to which the inner structure of value is comprised of need(s), value orientation(s) and object(s) that is (are) valuable to a person. The authors also referred to H.Blumer’s ideas about the nature of objects belonging to individual worlds in order to ensure an adequate understanding of values. The next step involved explaining differences between individual and supra-individual values. For this purpose, P.Blau’s ideas about emergent properties of social relations were used. The difference between individual values and interests was shown as well. In total, thirteen fundamental individual-level values have been identified: material comfort, wealth, beauty, power, physical health, psychological comfort, interpersonal relations, knowledge, personal freedom, status, morality and ethical life, leisure, self-realization. This set of values has served as a basis for constructing a sociological test titled “Individual values and interests–13” (IVI–13). In order to make sure that the test works, the authors conducted a pilot survey. The subsequent statistical analysis, first, made it possible to obtain the distribution of respondents’ answers to questions (that served as test indicators) and reveal the particularities of this distribution (by means of descriptive statistics); second, it helped to determine the relationship between the respondents’ answers and their sociodemographic characteristics (through the chi-square test of independence); and, third, it allowed identifying the structure of relationships among values (using the γ coefficient and network analysis).
Continuous Albuterol With Benzalkonium in Children Hospitalized With Severe Asthma
Authors: Pertzborn Matthew C. , Prabhakaran Sreekala , Abu-Hasan Mutasim , Baker Dawn , Wu Samuel , Wu Yue , Hendeles Leslie
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The albuterol dropper bottle used to prepare solutions for continuous nebulization contains the preservative benzalkonium chloride (BAC). BAC, by itself, has been shown to cause bronchospasm. We hypothesized that BAC would decrease the therapeutic efficacy of albuterol in patients with acute asthma exacerbations.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective cohort study comparing the clinical outcomes of patients <18 years of age receiving continuous nebulized albuterol with and without BAC. For the primary end point (duration of continuous albuterol nebulization), we compared the 2 groups with Kaplan-Meier estimate of survival curves, conducted a log-rank test of difference, and adjusted for baseline characteristics using multivariable Cox regression. A P value <.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS:

A total of 477 patients were included in the analysis (236 exposed to BAC and 241 controls). The duration of continuous nebulization was significantly longer in the BAC group than in the control group (median of 9 vs 6 hours; 15.7% required continuous nebulization compared to 5.8% of controls at 24 hours). The control group was 79% more likely to stop continuous nebulization at any particular point in time (hazard ratio 1.79; 95% confidence interval: 1.45 to 2.22; P < .001) and 43% more likely to stop additional respiratory support (hazard ratio 1.43; 95% confidence interval: 1.16 to 1.75; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

BAC is a functional albuterol antagonist associated with a longer duration of continuous albuterol nebulization treatment and additional respiratory support, suggesting that preservative-free albuterol formulations are safer for use in continuous nebulization.
O Método Hermenêutico-Dialético aplicado às Ciências Sociais: uma análise sobre sua utilização para o estudo do tráfico de drogas
Authors: Netto Roberto Magno Reis , Chagas Clay Anderson Nunes
Published: March 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo demonstrar aplicabilidade do método hermenêuticodialético como forma de interpretar e analisar a complexidade inerente ao fenômeno social, político, econômico e territorial denominado tráfico de drogas. Para tanto, perfez uma breve discussão a respeito dos métodos mais comuns no estudo do tema e suas respectivas limitações. Igualmente, explicou as principais linhas e procedimentos relativos ao método hermenêutico-dialético. Por fim, demonstrou como o método em questão pode representar, por sua postura de valorização da linguagem (sem olvidar variáveis que a influenciam no contexto do tempo-espaço), não só um procedimento coerente ao tratamento de questões complexas nas ciências sociais (com enfoque sobre o tráfico de drogas), mas, também, uma postura epistemológica que propicia uma autorreflexão dos próprios postulados do estudo e da postura científica de seus autores.
A democratização na evolução do pensamento político de Georges Lukács
Authors: Pinheiro Luci Faria
Published: March 2020

O texto aborda a política em Lukács como processo de democratização de caráter radicalmente socialista e como postura filosófica marxista, onde a dialética é o método para exercer a crítica da realidade sobre a qual o homem desenvolve, através do trabalho, alternativas de emancipação, ao mesmo tempo em que estabelece os meios para atingir suas finalidades. A política é uma dimensão da práxis de domínio do homem sobre a natureza, nos limites que encontra no cotidiano e de acordo com as condições sócio-históricas e o grau de desenvolvimento econômico, onde a influência de Lênin é importante. Foi utilizada uma análise histórica de base bibliográfica e intercâmbios com intelectuais da mesma tradição, relacionando as fases do pensamento político e filosófico com as experiências políticas do pensador na Hungria e na Rússia.
O Plano Brasil sem miséria e a modernização conservadora da política de Assistência Social
Authors: Da Silva Mossicleia Mendes
Published: March 2020

O presente trabalho apresenta parte das reflexões da pesquisa de doutorado da autora, que teve por objeto de estudo o movimento de modernização da política de assistência social sob os governos petistas, à luz da crítica marxista do desenvolvimento capitalista dependente e periférico no Brasil. Aqui estão expostos elementos teóricos e empíricos que visam problematizar o intenso processo de regulamentação e institucionalização da política de assistência social, com ênfase nas transformações desencadeadas a partir do aprofundamento da gestão tecnocrática do Plano Brasil sem miséria. São elencados aqui alguns dos principais achados para confirmação da hipótese de pesquisa de que, com o referido Plano, a política de assistência social passa a ser objeto de investimento especial tanto para modernização da sua gestão, quanto para ampliação dos equipamentos sociais, sendo capitalizada para os objetivos do Plano.
A estratégia hegemônica de enfrentamento da pobreza no Brasil redemocratizado
Authors: Mascarenhas Raquel Mota
Published: March 2020

Esse artigo aborda a formação social do Brasil após a Constituição Federal de 1988, em particular, os dois governos de Fernando Henrique Cardoso, do Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira (PSDB), e o primeiro governo de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), a fim de analisar a estratégia hegemônica de enfrentamento da pobreza nas décadas de 1990 e 2000 no país. Esse percurso permite apontar para um alinhamento nacional ao processo de internacionalização do combate à pobreza, que promove a naturalização e gestão da barbárie, visto que lavra, por um lado, a aceitação da condição de pobreza e, por outro, a não compreensão das relações que a originam.
O Acolhimento em saúde no espaço da rua: estratégias de cuidado do Consultório na Rua
Authors: Duarte Afrânnia Hemanuelly Castanho
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar alguns resultados, obtidos durante pesquisa de mestrado, sobre o processo de acolhimento em saúde no espaço da rua. Para tanto, nesta produção, daremos ênfase às concepções e percepções dos sujeitos entrevistados. A partir da análise de conteúdo, é possível afirmar que, para os(as) trabalhadores(as), o acolhimento é entrelaçado por estratégias, fundamentadas no Sistema Único de Saúde, que têm por uma das finalidades, contribuir com o acesso dessa população à rede de serviços intersetoriais. Já para os usuários, as concepções não perpassam tanto pelo processo de trabalho como para os(as) trabalhadores(as), mas sim pela percepção de quem é usuário do serviço, e de como essa equipe chega até eles. Nesse sentido, a Persistência Acolhedora se afirma como estratégia.
Implicações para o serviço social no contexto da reconfiguração das políticas sociais
Authors: Martins Valter
Published: March 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as transformações da política social e as implicações para o assistente social no cenário atual. Para tanto, analisa-se as transformações recente na relação da política social com o Estado e os desafios para a profissão de Serviço Social. Os resultados indicam para um processo de redução do padrão protetivo das políticas sociais com o aprofundamento e modificação da agenda neoliberal, do qual implica substancialmente no trabalho desenvolvido por assistentes sociais, ao passo de atuarem com o processo de seletividade, focalização e mercantilização imposta às políticas sociais.
A Assistência Social no município de Campinas (SP) e as relações de trabalho no Terceiro Setor
Authors: Del Passo Octávio Fonseca , Silva Renata Ricardo Carvalho
Published: March 2020

Esse artigo analisa as condições de trabalho nas instituições do terceiro setor que executam serviços da Assistência Social em Campinas-SP. Mais especificamente, mostra quais são as condições de trabalho que se fazem presentes nesta esfera do serviço público, composta por entidades privadas com finalidade pública e sem fins lucrativos. A primeira seção contextualiza o avanço do neoliberalismo e da reestruturação produtiva, explicitando que esse processo degrada as condições de trabalho; a segunda foca no histórico da Assistência Social no Brasil e a sua conexão com a reforma neoliberal do Estado; por fim, a última trata da Assistência Social em Campinas.
Activación y “cuestión social” una apuesta regresiva en el Uruguay Progresista
Authors: Alonso José Pablo Bentura , Lacaño Cecilia Lacaño
Published: March 2020

Este articulo presenta sumariamente, una concepción de “cuestión social” y un sistema típico ideal (neoliberal, conservador y socialista o de ampliación de la ciudadanía) para comprender el contenido ideológico que expresan. A partir de este sistema es analizado las propuestas de activación contenidas en la política asistencial realizada por el Ministerio de Desarrollo Social del Uruguay. Se concluye que en estas formas de confrontación a la pobreza, los contenidos conservadores y neoliberales se expresan claramente y, de forma apenas semántica, el contenido de extensión de la ciudadanía aparece sin ninguna capacidad operacional.***Ativação e “questão social” uma aposta regressiva no Uruguai progressista***Este artigo apresenta, sumariamente, uma concepção de questão social e um sistema típico ideal (neoliberal, conservador e Socialista ou de extensão da cidadania) para compreender o conteúdo ideológico que expressam. A partir deste sistema é analisado as Propostas de ativação contidas na política de assistência realizada pelo Ministério do desenvolvimento social do Uruguai. Conclui-se que nessas formas de confronto com a pobreza, os conteúdos conservadores e neoliberais são exibidos, e de forma apenas semântica, o conteúdo do extensão da cidadania está aparecendo, sem qualquer capacidade operacional.Palavras-chave: Ativação. Questão social. Trabalho. Emprego.
Brasil: as alterações institucionais no período recente e o novo governo
Authors: Marques Rosa Maria , Nakatani Paulo
Published: March 2020

Este texto discute as alterações institucionais que foram realizadas no período recente no Brasil. Caso elas não sejam revertidas em um futuro governo, terão, de um lado, redefinido o lugar do Estado na economia e na sociedade, resultando, entre outras consequências, no encolhimento das políticas públicas em geral e, especialmente, das políticas sociais; de outro, terão alterado substancialmente o mercado de trabalho do país, ampliando a presença do já importante e estrutural segmento de trabalhadores informais. São elas: a Emenda Constitucional 95 (EC 95) e o conjunto de artigos e dispositivos da Consolidação das Leis Trabalhistas (CLT) que foram alterados pela reforma trabalhista. Em sua primeira seção, são analisados alguns aspectos das condições herdadas pelo novo governo; na segunda, discutimos a Emenda Constitucional 95 e, na seguinte, vemos a reforma trabalhista e o mercado de trabalho, ambas herdadas do governo de Michel Temer. Na seção quatro, detalhamos algumas das medidas em curso do novo governo.
O processo de internacionalização na Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social no Brasil
Authors: Prates Jane Cruz
Published: March 2020

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Inteligencia emocional percibida en estudiantes de educación superior: análisis de las diferencias en las distintas dimensiones
Authors: Gutiérrez Ángel Nieves
Published: March 2020

Objetivo. La finalidad es analizar la inteligencia emocional percibida en estudiantes universitarios. Método. Se trata de un diseño metodológico correlacional correspondiente a un diseño ex post facto, de carácter retrospectivo y comparativo. La muestra está compuesta por un total de 175 sujetos de tercer y cuarto curso del Grado de Educación Social. Resultados. Se muestra la existencia de diferencias en la inteligencia emocional atendiendo al sexo en cuanto a la atención y la regulación emocional, en las que las mujeres poseen puntuaciones más altas. En el caso de la edad, también existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto a la regulación emocional, en la que obtienen puntuaciones más altas el alumnado cuyas edades se sitúan hasta los 20 años.
Human coronavirus OC43 and other respiratory viruses from acute respiratory infections of Egyptian children
Authors: Naga Iman S. , Elsawaf Gamal Eldin , Elzalabany Mahmoud , Eltalkhawy Mohamed Youssef , Kader Ola
Published: March 2020

Respiratory infections have a significant impact on health worldwide. Viruses are major causes of acute respiratory infections among children. Limited information regarding its prevalence in Egypt is available. This study investigated prevalence of 10 respiratory viruses; Adenovirus, influenza A, B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Parainfluenza virus (PIV)type 1-4, enterovirus, and human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) among children in Alexandria, Egypt presenting with acute lower respiratory tract infections.

The study was conducted on children <14 years of age selected from ElShatby Pediatric Hospital, Alexandria University, Egypt. One hundred children presenting during winter season with influenza-like illness were eligible for the study. Oropharyngeal swabs were collected and subjected to viral RNA and DNA extraction followed by polymerase chain reaction.

Viral infections were detected in 44% of cases. Adenovirus was the most common, it was found in 19% of the patients. Prevalence of PIV (3 and 4) and enterovirus was 7% each. Prevalence of RSV and HCoV-OC43 was 5% and 3% respectively. Two percentage were Influenza A positive and 1% positive for influenza B. Mixed viral infection was observed in 7%.

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of HCoV-OC43 from respiratory infections in Alexandria, Egypt.
A simplified in vitro model for investigation of the antimicrobial efficacy of various antiseptic agents to prevent peri-implantitis
Authors: Venkei Annamária , Eördegh Gabriella , Turzó Kinga , Urbán Edit , Ungvári Krisztina
Published: March 2020

The biofilm formation by oral bacteria on the implant surface is one of the most remarkable factors of peri-implant infections, which may eventually lead to bone resorption and loss of the dental implant. Therefore, the elimination of biofilm is an essential step for the successful therapy of implant-related infections. In this work we created a basicin vitromodel to evaluate the antibacterial effect of three widely used antiseptics.

Commercially pure (CP4) titanium sample discs with sand blasted, acid etched, and polished surface were used. The discs were incubated with mono-cultures ofStreptococcus mitisandStreptococcus salivarius. The adhered bacterial biofilms were treated with different antiseptics: chlorhexidine-digluconate (CHX), povidone-iodine (PI), and chlorine dioxide (CD) for 5 min and the control discs with ultrapure water. The antibacterial effect of the antiseptics was tested by colorimetric assay.

According to the results, the PI and the CD were statistically the most effective in the elimination of the two test bacteria on both titanium surfaces after 5 min treatment time. The CD showed significant effect only againstS. salivarius.

Based on our results we conclude that PI and CD may be promising antibacterial agents to disinfecting the peri-implant site in the dental practice.
Challenges in perspective of life skills acquisition; implication for placement of life skills in university curriculum
Authors: Khan Wasim , Khan Salahuddin , Arif Tasleem , Khan Sohail R.
Published: March 2020

Background and Study Aim: The main purpose behind the study was to establish the challenges in relation to the acquisition of life skills among university student-athletes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study assessed the extent to which the concern existing resources, facilitators, and trainer attitude influences life skills acquisition among student-athletes. Material and Methods: Descriptive survey research design was followed to obtain desirable results. The target population of this study consisted of all those who participated in different sport at the university level of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Amongst them, we selected a representative sample (n=389 fifty 50% of the total population) with the help of a simple random sampling technique. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version, 24 was used to code and analyse the data. The hypotheses were tested by applying statistical tests like Step-wise regression and independents sample t-test. The significance level of 0.05 was fixed to accept or reject the set hypotheses. Results: Findings of the study indicated that existing resources, facilitators, and trainer/coach attitude significantly influences life skills acquisition among student-athletes (.001, .001 & .000 < .05). The analysed data revealed no significantly difference regarding extent to which specific challenges such as existing resources, facilitators, and trainer attitude influences the acquisition of life skills (.500, .133 & .149 > .05). Conclusions: The findings of the study revealed that all participants have agreed upon the importance of life skills. Therefore, the life skills course might be considered as an integral part of every educational curriculum of Pakistan. It is suggested that a minimum of 2 hours per week may be included in the educational curriculum of each discipline.
The relationship between the social responsibility and the job performance among physical education professors
Authors: Mouloud Kenioua , Nawal Krine
Published: March 2020

Background and Study Aim. The study aimed to know the level of social responsibility and job performance among the physical education professors and examine the relationship between the social responsibility and the job performance.
Material and Methods. The participants were 29 physical educations professors (male) from Institute of Physical Education and Sport University of Ouargla. The social responsibility and the job performance scales were used as search tools. Data analyses were carried out by means of statistical packet for social sciences (SPSS) 26.00 software program. The Mean, Std. Deviation and Pearson Correlation were used in the main study. In addition, alpha-Cronbach was used in the exploratory study
Results. The level of social responsibility and job performance is high among physical education professors, and there is a positive correlation between social responsibility and job performance.
Conclusions. Given the importance of the role of social responsibility and job performance and the lack of enough studies in this specialization, it is necessary to conduct more additional studies that would serve knowledge in this specialization.
Memahami Bid‘ah dalam Perspektif Majelis Tarjih Alquran (MTA)
Authors: Sukron Mokhamad
Published: March 2020

Falsehood (bid‘ah) becomes an interesting study for Moslem scholars especially on the matters of worship and ritual practices. The committee of tarjîh al-Qur’ân justifies falsehood by referring to H{adith used as the guide and method. The interpretative result toward the h}adith causes different perspective among Moslem scholars. There are three important points that will be elucidated in this article: first what method uses MTA in conceiving h}adith in relation with falsehood, second how MTA perspective of bid‘ah, and third is re-construction the h}adith bid‘ah according to MTA. MTA explains that what is called bid‘ah in prophet’s h}adith is bid‘ah in the matter of religion (worship) that certainly misleading. Yet, the falsehood in relation with worldly matter for MTA must be given a space to branch out as long as it gives positive impact and push people creativity in general meaning. It is suitable with prophet’s h}adith said that “man sanna sunnah h}asanah..... man sanna sunnah sayyiah...”. In this condition, MTA indirectly admits the variant of the bid‘ah. But the ordinary classification differs with the ulama’s classification either in terms of mutaqadimîn or muta’akhirîn, in general point of view, otherwise the classification is in contrary with the religious matters and worldly matters.
Sejarah Bangsa Israel Awal dalam Perspektif Tafsir Sejarah Teologi Alkitabiah dan Arkeologi Biblikal
Authors: Adiwidjajanto Koes
Published: March 2020

This article is about history of ancient Israel in biblical era and how the sacred scripture introduces information of the ancient people. We have to know how to read the scriptures. They demand an imaginative effort, as Karen Armstrong said, that can sometimes be as perplexing and painful job. The true meaning of scriptures can never be wholly comprised in a literal reading of the text, since that text points beyond itself to reality that cannot be totally grasp. Our academic world cultivates us to look for the words between the lines. We expect a text to express its idea as clearly as possible. In a philosophical or historical work, we will often judge writers by the precision and consistency of their arguments. There are Jews and Christians who have come to apply the same standards to Bible. Some, for example, have argued that the chapters of Genesis and Chronicles are factual accounts on history of ancient Israel people. But what we need to the Bible does not present its truths to us in this way. This article presents two main methods to understand the historical contains of the biblical text: historical interpretation and biblical archaeology to know at some profound level the sacred history of biblical Israelites people
Praktik Keagaman Aliran Kejawen Aboge di antara Agama Resmi dan Negara
Authors: Ulumuddin Moch. Ichiyak
Published: March 2020

Aliran Kepercayaan constitutes a cultural heritage of Indonesia, inherited from generation to generation. Aliran Kepercayaan however have been often measured on the perspective of Indonesian six official religions that eventually bear misjudgment. The divergent of belief system either in terms of religious teachings and practices finally comes as counter argument in responding the existence of Aliran Kepercayaan. This article tries to examine the existence of Aliran Kepercayaan in Mojokerto namely Aboge religiously and socially in relation with the social and political condition of Indonesia. State’s constitution indeed guarantees religious freedom for the people to worship in accordance with someone’s belief. However, the reality is different at all. Some Aliran Kepercayaan experienced persecution by religious extremist and by the State. Aboge itself often becomes controversial for its Muslim neighborhood. Negative and positive assumption are attached on them in an exchange. Two different interpretations reflect on the Aboge’s religious practices and teachings. For this reason, this article attempts to scrutinize the religious practices and teachings in correlation with spiritual tradition on the Javanese people that specialized mysticism in any matters. It also is aimed to explain the state intervention toward the religious life of Aliran Kepercayaan based on the perspective of six official religions.
The Dynamics of Muslims’ Perspectives on the Ceremony of Nawu Sendang Saliran in Yogyakarta
Authors: Nurindah Sari Sulfia Lilin
Published: March 2020

Artikel ini menyajikan studi kasus tentang konflik yang terjadi karena perbedaan perspektif di kalangan umat Islam mengenai acara Nawu Sendang Saliran. Sendang Saliran merupakan kolam bersejarah, dan tujuan dari upacara ini adalah untuk membersihkan kolam tersebut dengan melakukan rangkaian acara budaya. Acara yang hanya bertujuan mempertahankan tradisi untuk membersihkan kolam dan mempromosikan tradisi itu sendiri dan untuk menarik wisatawan, telah menimbulkan kontroversi di kalangan umat Islam dan menimbulkan konflik antara abdi dalem sebagai pelaksana acara dan Muhammadiyah, salah satu organisasi Islam yang mencoba untuk menentangnya. Muhammadiyah menentang acara tersebut karena mereka takut acara semacam ini akan menyebabkan bidah dalam Islam. Untuk mengatasi konflik, para pelaksana acara dan Muhammadiyah mengatur mediasi. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa perbedaan dalam cara-cara Muslim memahami budaya dan peran agama dalam budaya menawarkan penjelasan tentang sikap Muhammadiyah yang masih menentang dilaksanakannya acara Nawu Sendang Saliran.
Model Toleransi dalam Eksegese Khotbah Areopagus
Authors: Mba Deni Alfian
Published: March 2020

This article is a literature research on tolerance model through the exegesis of Areopagus sermon. Having known the exact model of tolerance, someone will be able to tolerate correctly. Given one source of intolerance is a misinterpretation of the teachings of the scriptures, this article invites the reader to examine the tolerance source from the interpretation of the Bible. This article focuses on two things: (1) the doctrine of a model of tolerance; and (2) the techniques of interpretation of Scripture in the Catholic religion exegetical analysis. For this purpose, the authors chose Areopagus sermon text mentioned in the book of Acts chapter 17 verse 22 to verse 34. By explaining the exegesis of those verses, this article aims to find a model precise tolerances. The text itself tells about the story of Paul’s sermon, a preacher of the early Christianity, brought before the Court Areopagus in Athens Greece. Based on the analysis of exegesis is known that the model of tolerance shown in this story is a model of tolerance active. Paul could communicate well with his audience coming from different social and cultural background. Apparently, he succeeded to deliver his ideas and teaching accurately by utilizing a good knowledge about the social and cultural situation of Athens.

[Artikel ini merupakan penelitian literatur pada model toleransi melalui penafsiran dari khotbah Areopagus. Setelah diketahui model toleransi yang tepat, seseorang akan mampu bertoleransi dengan cara yang benar. Mengingat salah satu sumber intoleransi adalah salah tafsir ajaran kitab suci, artikel ini mengajak pembaca untuk meneliti sumber toleransi dari penafsiran Alkitab. Artikel ini berfokus pada dua hal: (1) doktrin model toleransi; dan (2) teknik penafsiran kitab suci dalam tradisi Katolik, yakni analisis eksegese. Untuk tujuan ini, penulis memilih teks khotbah Areopagus yang terdapat dalam Kitab Kisah Para Rasul Pasal 17 ayat 22 sampai ayat 34. Dengan menjelaskan penafsiran ayat-ayat, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menemukan model toleransi yang tepat. Teks itu sendiri menceritakan tentang kisah khotbah Paulus, seorang pengkhotbah dari Kekristenan awal, yang dibawa ke Mahkamah Areopagus di Athena Yunani. Berdasarkan analisis eksegese diketahui bahwa model toleransi yang ditunjukkan dalam cerita ini adalah model toleransi aktif. Paulus bisa berkomunikasi dengan baik dengan para pendengarnya yang berasal dari latar belakang sosial dan budaya yang berbeda. Rupanya, ia berhasil menyampaikan ide-ide dan ajarannya secara akurat dengan memanfaatkan pengetahuan yang baik tentang situasi sosial dan budaya dari Athena
Teologi Kontekstual Pelaksanaan Jalan Hadat Perkawinan Dayak Ngaju di Gereja Kalimantan Evangelis (GKE)
Authors: Telhalia Telhalia
Published: March 2020

The encounter between Christianity and Dayak culture since its inception has created a controversy. The main problem is the difficult to separate between religion and culture. The customs indeed have a close relationship with the religious structure of the Dayak people. Their live and mind follow the customs, traditions, and the provisions that have been inherited from their ancestors. Apparently, the Gereja Kalimantan Evangelis (GKE)/The Kalimantan Evangelical Church face this problem in dealing with the practice of marriage in the Ngaju Dayak culture. Some groups regard the cultural practice as a sin against the teachings of Christianity, while others consider that it is acceptable in the Christian faith. This article finds that contextual theology allows GKE accommodate Dayak customary practice in the context of the theology of Christianity. Wedding custom of Dayak people of Ngaju has rooted from their tradition but the meaning behind the process refers to the Christian values.

[Pertemuan antara Kristen dan Dayak budaya sejak awal telah menciptakan kontroversi. Masalah utama adalah sulitnya memisahkan antara agama dan budaya. Kebiasaan memang memiliki hubungan dekat dengan struktur keagamaan masyarakat Dayak. Mereka hidup dan pikiran mengikuti adat istiadat, tradisi, dan ketentuan yang telah diwarisi dari nenek moyang mereka. Rupanya, Gereja Kalimantan Evangelis (GKE) menghadapi masalah ini dalam menangani praktik pernikahan dalam budaya Dayak Ngaju. Beberapa kelompok menganggap praktik budaya sebagai dosa terhadap ajaran Kristen, sementara yang lain menganggap bahwa hal itu dapat diterima dalam iman Kristen. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa teologi kontekstual memungkinkan GKE mengakomodasi praktik adat Dayak dalam konteks teologi Kristen. Kebiasaan pernikahan orang Dayak Ngaju telah berakar dari tradisi mereka tetapi makna di balik proses mengacu pada nilai-nilai Kristen
a Study on Bisri Mustofa, Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah [Hamka] and Quraish Shihab’s Tafsîr on Isrâ’îlîyât
Authors: Haris Achmad Murtafi , Margana Sri , Al Makin Al Makin
Published: March 2020

Umat Islam sekarang sinis terhadap kisah isrâ’îlîyât atau kisah-kisah yang berasal dari Yahudi dan Kristen. Fenomena intelektual ini bertentangan dengan respons Muslim awal yang akrab dengan materi-materi isrâ’îlîyât. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk membedah kisah-kisah isrâ’îlîyât yang ditulis oleh Bisri, Hamka, dan Quraish dalam tafsir masing-masing: Tafsîr al-Ibrîz, Tafsîr al-Azhar, dan Tafsîr al-Miṣbah. Titik tekan dari artikel ini adalah latar belakang yang kemudian mempengaruhi persepsi mereka dalam menafsir ayat-ayat isrâ’îlîyât. Artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan sejarah intelektual untuk mengetahui perkembangan ide manusia pada isu tertentu. Makalah ini berakhir pada kesimpulan bahwa sikap toleransi Bisri dan Hamka dan penolakan Quraish isrâ’îlîyât dipengaruhi oleh latar belakang sosial dan akademik masing-masing.
Potret Harmoni Kehidupan Keagamaan di Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Authors: Hamdi Ahmad Zainul
Published: March 2020

This study aims to investigate the reasons why violence and religious conflict occurred in Bojonegoro district do not lead to radical actions. Departing from the fundamental question, “why does violence and religious conflict not extend into radical actions even though the potential for religious radicalization exists and even explode into destructive social conflict?”, this study found that there are two main factors that make religious life among believers in Bojonegoro keep running in balance and harmonious way, namely cultural and structural factors. The most important cultural factor is the existence of cross-cutting affiliation where there are neutral social spaces that make people from different backgrounds meet without being troubled by their primordial identity. Meanwhile, structural factors that prevent radical action and religious conflict are the presence of the State as a neutral and decisive party; institutionalization of assurance of freedom of faith; and the activeness of the State in early prevention and conflict mediation.

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Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat mengapa di wilayah Bojonegoro kekerasan dan konflik keagamaan nyaris tidak pernah meledak secara berarti. Berangkat dari pertanyaan mendasar, faktor-faktor apakah yang menyebabkan tidak terjadi proses radikalisasi keagamaan, sekalipun terdapat beberapa potensi konflik yang sebetulnya bisa meledak menjadi kekerasan atau konflik sosial yang destruktif, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ada dua faktor penting yang mampu menjaga kehidupan keagamaan masyarakat Bojonegoro tetap seimbang, yaitu kultural dan struktural. Faktor kultural terpenting adalah bekerjanya cross-cutting affiliation. Terdapat ruang-ruang sosial netral yang mempertemukan orang-orang dari latar belakang berbeda, tanpa dibebani oleh identitas-identitas primordial. Sementara, faktor struktural yang mencegah radikalisasi dan konflik keagamaan adalah hadirnya negara sebagai pihak yang netral dan tegas; institusionalisasi jaminan kebebasan berkeyakinan; dan keaktifan negara dalam melakukan pencegahan dini dan memediasi konflik.]
Implikasi Diskursus Kristianitas dalam Serat Dharmogandhul dan Pemikiran Kiai Ibrahim Tunggul Wulung terhadap Komunitas Kristen Tegalombo Pati
Authors: Dikawati Reni , Sariyatun Sariyatun , Warto Warto
Published: March 2020

Javanese Christianity construction is not only built on the basis of biblical interpretation. Discourse and knowledge contained in literary texts show the existence of acceptance capacity, communication patterns and adjustments to the cultural context, as well as the important role of the agency. Dharmogandul manuscript is a text that is part of the construction of ideas, values, ideas, about Christianity that is understood by Javanese people. This study aims to examine the dynamics of the Dharmogandul fiber texts and discourses with genealogy approaches, connect and compare with the thoughts of Kiai Ibrahim Tunggul Wulung as a real life context, as well as psychological figures that provide worldview to the Christian community in Tegalombo, Pati. Exploring Dharmogandul fiber genealogy shows that the text originated from the concept of religiosity, in the historical development there was a shift in the meaning of Dharmogandul fiber in syncretic direction, until it became attached and became part of the comparison of formalistic religion. The results of the study showed some contradictions and comparisons in accommodating the discourse of meeting several religions in the Dharmogandul fiber with the real conditions of the Tegalombo Christian community.

[Kontruksi Kristen Kejawen tidak hanya dibangun atas dasar penafsiran kitabiah. Wacana dan pengetahuan yang termuat dalam teks sastra menunjukkan adanya kapasitas penerimaan, pola komunikasi, dan penyesuaian konteks kultur, serta peran penting agency. Serat Dharmogandul merupakan salah satu teks yang menjadi bagian dari kontruksi ide, nilai dan gagasan mengenai kekristenan yang dipahami masyarakat Jawa.  Penelitian  ini bertujuan  menelaah dinamika teks dan wacana serat Dharmogandul dengan pendekatan geneologi serta menghubungkan dan membandingkannya dengan pemikiran Kiai Ibrahim Tunggul Wulung sebagai real life context, sekaligus figur psikologis yang memberikan worldview terhadap komunitas Kristen di Tegalombo, Pati. Jelajah geneologi serat Dharmogandul menunjukkan bahwa teks berawal dari konsep religiusitas kemudian bergesr ke arah sinkretis lalu menjadi bagian dari perbandingan agama formal. Hasil penelitian menujukkan pertentangan dan perbandingan dalam mengakomodasi wacana perjumpaan beberapa agama dalam serat Dharmogandul dengan kondisi riil komunitas Kristen Tegalombo.]
Revitalisasi Identitas Diri Komunitas Masjid Saka Tunggal Banyumas, Masjid Raya Al Fatah Ambon, dan Masjid Agung Jami’ Singaraja Bali dalam Perubahan Budaya Global
Authors: Salehudin Ahmad
Published: March 2020

This study examines how three communal mosques: Masjid Saka Tunggal Cikakak Banyumas, Masjid Raya Al Fatah Ambon, and Masjid Agung Jami’ Singaraja respond toward globalization. Globalization that is characterized with the territorial demarcations of states’ administration jurisdiction, political currents, economic strata, and religions has shaped global villages with cultural homogeneity as its estuary. Strong cultures tend to crush the vulnerable cultures. These conditions tend to generate a dilemma for the existence of an identity, including the identity of communal mosques. However, communal mosques are not merely a set of inanimate objects which can only passively accept external influences. They are a collection of beings who “tactically” respond to the “strategy” of the global cultural cooptation. The result of this study reveals that communal mosques become a collective awareness of each its individual to respond to and live the life amidst the increasingly uncontrollable wave of global cultures. Global cultures, as long it benefits, are adapted and adopted to strengthen their communal identity and, otherwise, left when they bring disadvantages. In order to protect communal identities, the result of this study offers three ways: habituation and institutionalization of the communal identity, reinforcing the ancestral authority, and affirming the institutional vision and mission.

[Penelitian ini mengkaji respon tiga komunitas masjid, yaitu Masjid Saka Tunggal Cikakak Banyumas, Masjid Raya Al Fatah Ambon, dan Masjid Agung Jami’ Singaraja terhadap globalisasi. Globalisasi yang ditandai oleh menghilangnya batas-batas administrasi negara, aliraan politik, strata ekonomi, dan agama telah membentuk kampung global dengan homogenisasi budaya sebagai muaranya. Budaya yang kuat cenderung menggilas budaya yang lemah. Kondisi ini cenderung melahirkan dilema bagi eksistensi identitas, termasuk identitas komunitas masjid. Namun demikian, komunitas masjid bukanlah sekumpulan benda mati yang hanya bisa pasrah menerima pengaruh luar, tetapi sekumpulan mahluk hidup yang “taktik” untuk merespon “strategi” kooptasi budaya global. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masjid-masjid komunitas menjadi collective awareness para individu untuk merespon dan menjalani kehidupan di tengah samudra budaya global yang semakin tak terkendali. Budaya global diadaptasi dan diadopsi selama bermanfaat untuk menguatkan identitas komunitasnya, dan bersikap acuh jika tidak sesuai atau membahayakan. Untuk melindungi identitas komunitasnya, ada tiga hal yang dilakukan, yaitu melalui pembiasaan dan pelembagaan identitas komunitas, meneguhkan otoritas leluhur, dan peneguhan visi misi lembaga.]
Perilaku Ritual Keagamaan Komunitas Tlasih 87 dalam Menciptakan Hubungan Harmonis Antar Umat Beragama
Authors: Khasbullah Wiwik setiyani
Published: March 2020

[Bagi masyarakat Jawa, ritual merupakan aktivitas yang sangat penting. Ritual Jawa meliputi nyadran (perayaan desa); procotan (kelahiran bayi); mantenan (upacara pernikahan); dan methil (panen). Masyarakat Tlasih 87 merupakan salah satu dari masyarakat Jawa yang senantiasa melestarikan dan menyelenggarakan ritual-ritual tersebut. Warga masyarakat Tlasih 87 memiliki latar belakang keagamaan yang berbeda, seperti Islam, Kristen, Hindu, dan aliran kepercayaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis interaksi antar-anggota kelompok keagamaan berbeda, terutama dalam masyarakat Tlasih 87, dan praktif partisipatif mereka dalam pelaksanaan ritual Jawa. Melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan analisis data, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa masyarakat Tlasih 87 memiliki pola perilaku yang harmonis dan memiliki upaya menyatukan sikap kebersamaan yang baik, saling mendukung satu sama lain. Hal tersebut bisa dilihat dari keterlibatan aktif mereka dalam pelaksanaan ritual Jawa.]
Urgensi Sejarah Sosial Sebagai Konsep Teoretis Bagi Living Hadith di Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Subkhani Kusuma
Published: March 2020

The perspective on Islamic history has become an important topic of discussion in Islamic studies. Its existence, at the same time, is also very helpful in the study of texts, such as the interpretation of the Alqur'an or riwâyat and dirâyat studies of Hadith. But the existence of social history as a new theoretical concept came later. A perspective that emphasizes on the sociological aspects of a collection of events, social history also puts forward the process of criticism in it, as has been done by peripheral social history. In the first sub-chapter, this article needs to show that such a perspective has long been carried out by Muslim historians, such as Ibn Khaldun, or Hamzah Al-Sam'ani's Tarikh Jurjan. Unlike the political perspective, the history of Muslim societies have varieties of fragments, different kinds of local tradition and focus on social history. The second part of this article proves that the existence of ijâzah (authorization) as a juristic authority through the tradition of sanad is another way of the documentation for the transmission (or also transformation) of Hadith in the community. Hadith authority does not take place statically. Social history narratives in this context will be able to provide evidence that authority of Hadith local religious leaders would not be possible if there were no community acceptance as explored by its various dimensions (economic, social, political, religious) through social history.

[Cara pandang terhadap sejarah islam telah menjadi topik diskusi penting dalam studi Islam. Keberadaannya, pada saat yang sama, juga amat membantu studi teks, seperti tafsir Qur’an ataupun studi riwâyat dan dirâyat Hadith. Tetapi keberadaan sejarah sosial sebagai sebuah konsep teoritik baru datang belakangan. Sebuah cara pandang yang menekankan pada aspek sosiologis sebuah kumpulan peristiwa, sejarah sosial juga mengedepankan proses kritisisme di dalamnya, seperti yang telah dilakukan oleh sejarah sosial pingiran. Pada sub-bab pertama, artikel ini berkebutuhan untuk menunjukkan bahwa cara pandang seperti ini telah lama dilakukan oleh sejarawan muslim, seperti Ibn Khaldun, ataupun Tarikh Jurjan karya Hamzah Al Sam’ani. Berbeda dengan perspektif politik, sejarah masyarakat muslim adalah ragam fragmen, ragam sejarah lokal yang berbeda-beda, focus pada sejarah sosial. Bagian kedua dari artikel ini membuktikan bahwa keberadaan ijâzah (otorisasi) sebagai penyambung otoritas keulamaan melalui tradisi sanad merupakan bahasa lain dari dokumentasi transmisi (atau juga transformasi) Hadith di masyarakat. Otoritas Hadith tidak berlangsung secara statis. Narasi sejarah sosial pada konteks ini akan mampu menyuguhkan bukti bahwa suatu otoritas atau kewenangan Hadith para local religious leaders tidak akan mungkin diakui bila tidak ada penerimaan masyarakat sebagaimana diekplorasi ragam dimensinya (ekonomi, sosial, politik, agama) melalui sejarah sosial.]
The Social - Political Significance of Ruwatan Desa Ritual
Authors: Wahidah Hidayatul , Afandi Akhmad Jazuli
Published: March 2020

The Punden of Mbah Sentono is a sacred landscape that is used frequently by people to increase their spirituality. It is recognized as a sacred place to perform rituals such as tahlilan, slametan and ruwatan desa. The main issue I raise in this paper concerns the social-political significance of the rituals. The three main questions are, first, how is ruwatan practiced in the Punden of Mbah Sentono? Second, how have political actors used the ritual in the punden as a political tool in an election? The last, how have people also used the ritual in the punden to counter the political actors’ use the ritual? I will show that the rituals do have social-political significance and argue that both political actors and people in society have mutual relations through the rituals. From this point of view, I state that ritual in the Punden of Mbah Sentono is divided into two time periods, “during election period” and “after election period”. “The ritual during election period” are tahlilan and slametan which are handled by the candidates of the local election to build political support, whereas “the ritual after election” is ruwatan desa which is also used by the winner for negotiation and reconciliation to ease the negative impacts of the competitions during the local election, which affect people. On the other hand, people also use the rituals to ask for financial support from the candidates for holding big ruwatan desa and kirap. In the years before and after the election, ruwatan desa is held as small events. In this research, I analyze the social-political significance of ritual, using a theoretical framework informed by Kertzer.

[Punden Mbah Sentono adalah tempat sakral yang sering digunakan sebagai tempat spiritual oleh orang-orang untuk meningkatkan spiritualitas mereka. Punden tersebut diakui sebagai tempat sacral untuk melakukan tahlilan, slametan dan ruwatan desa. Isu utama yang saya angkat didalam tesis ini adalah siknifikansi social-politik pada ritual. Ada tiga pertanyaan utama; yakni, pertama,  bagaimana ruwatan desa ritual dipraktekkan di punden Mbah Sentono? kedua, bagaimana actor politik menggunakan ritual didalam punden sebagai alat politik didalam pemilihan? Terakhir, bagaimana masyarakat menggunakan ritual di punden untuk keluar dari actor politik? Saya akan menunjukkan bahwa ritual mempunyai siknifikansi social-politik dan beranggapan bahwa actor politik dan masyarakat mempunyai hubungan timbal balik melalui ritual.]
Nama Tuhan dalam Alquran dan Injil Berbahasa Arab
Authors: Yahya Yuangga Kurnia
Published: March 2020

This research aimed to understanding the concept of divinity in Arabic culture through lexemes which mean God used in the Qur’an dan Arabic Gospel. Lexeme is a smallest unit of meaning that formes a word. From the lexem, words, phrases, clauses, and discourses are formed according to Arabic’s concept of divinity. This research uses a semantic approach, through discussion on form and meaning, Brown-Yule’ s idea of text and co-text, and Sapir-Whorf hypothesis on culture and language. This research found that the lexeme of Allah (God) has been known by Arabic people before the birth of Islam and Christian. This lexeme means the name of the highest God in Arabic polytheism and was estimated to be used from the fifth century BC. Arabic Christians used this lexeme as the translation of “God” and referred to “The Only One God” about 500 years before Muhammad’s birth. The lexemes of God in the Quran could be named as Allah, Rabb, Ilah, dhmir (ana, anta, huwa, and nahnu), and the names of Allah (sifat-Allah wa asma-Allah), while the lexemes of God in Arabic Gospels are Allah, Rabb, Ilah, ab (father), Yasu’ (Jesus), al-Ruh al-Quds (Holy Spirit), al-Ibn (Son), as-Sayyid (Lord), al-Mu’allim (Master), al-Malik (King), and dhamir (ana, anta, and huwa). The lexeme of Allah, Rabb, and Ilah are found in both the Qur’an and Arabic Gospel, but these lexemes have some differences in word category, sintaxis function, and semantic role. Furthermore, another lexeme are used with same purpose, such as presenting a more complete and more familiar picture of God.