bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioinformatics and functional analysis of proteins in serum of early pregnant buffaloes
Authors: BALHARA A K , MOHANTY A K , GUPTA MEENAKSHI , JAMWAL MANU , SUNESH SUNESH , PHULIA S K , SINGH INDERJEET
Published: December 2023

Bioinformatics using different web based resources was done to classify 2–D gel resolved novel/ up- or down- regulated proteins (n=48) detected in serum of early pregnant buffaloes and find out interactions among them. Proteins were searched for their gene symbols on the ExPASy and the NCBI web portals and then PANTHER software was used to classify them. These proteins were primarily involved in regulatory, catalytic, immune regulation, cell differentiation and transporter functions. Among molecular functions, majority of proteins was involved in either catalytic or binding activities (29.5% each); receptor activity (13.6%), transporter activity (9.1%), enzyme regulator (6.8%) and structural molecule activity (6.8%) besides ion-channel and antioxidant activities. Based on biological functions, maximum (17.6%) proteins were found involved in metabolic function, followed by cellular processes (15.7%). Almost 10.8% proteins were involved in cell communications and 9.8% in transport functions, the rest were involved in immune and developmental processes. To these proteins 23 pathways were assigned, most predominantly Wnt signalling, inflammation - mediated by chemokine and cytokine signalling, and blood coagulation pathways. Other proteins were involved in as many as 20 pathways. A single layer extension to make connections for preparing protein-protein interaction map and network analysis of these bovine proteins, revealed that 9 of these proteins were interacting with each other in 6 different ways - interactions affecting molecular transportation, level of expression, regulation of expression, binding of proteins, interactions resulting in direct regulation and direct regulation inhibition and those leading to modification of the proteins. These findings suggested that the proteins identified with up-regulation, down-regulation or specific appearance at a particular stage during early buffalo pregnancy, primarily act interdependently in the functions involving cellular growth and differentiation.
Expression of apoptosis related genes in buffalo embryos produced through in vitro fertilization and parthenogenetic activation
Authors: SINGH M K , SAW S , SINGH K P , SAINI N , KAUSHIK R , MANIK R S , PALTA P , SINGLA S K , CHAUHAN M S
Published: December 2023

In present study immature oocytes were obtained from buffalo slaughterhouse ovaries and were subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM) in TCM-199 + 10% FBS + 5 µg/ml pFSH + 0.81 mM sodium pyruvate + 5% buffalo follicular fluid for 24 h in a CO2 incubator (5% CO2, 90–95% relative humidity) at 38.5°C. The maturer oocytes were used for IVF and the cleaved embryos were cultured for 8 days, while the parthenotes were produced with exposure of 7% ethanol, 6- dimethyl aminopurine and cultured for 8 days in mCR2aa medium. The relative abundance of BCL-XL transcripts in immature, matured oocytes; and embryos produced through IVF i.e. 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-16-cell, morula and blastocyst stage were 25.33±0.90, 12.67±1.20, 37.67±0.90, 30.67±0.30, 23.67±0.90, 18.33±0.90 and 27.00±1.20 respectively, while in parthenogenesis these values were 23.67±0.88, 13.67±1.20, 23.67±1.20, 22.34±0.88, 24.34±0.88, 33.67±0.88, 45.34±1.20 respectively. Relative abundance of BAX transcripts by IVF were 23.0±0.60, 0.33±0.10, 4.00±0.60, 5.00±0.60, 0.37±0.06, 13.0±0.66 and 56.7±0.90; and by parthenonenesis were 22.3±0.90, 0.13±0.03, 13.67±0.90, 14.0±0.60, 15.33±0.90, 64.67±2.20 and 55.0±2.10 respectively. In conclusion, expression pattern of apoptosis related genes revealed that incidence of apoptosis was significantly higher in IVF and parthenogenetically produced buffalo embryos at stages like immature oocytes, morula and blastocyst stage than the early cleavage stage embryos.
Cloning and expression of fusion (F) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) genes of Newcastle disease virus in insect host (Sf9cells)
Authors: GOWRAKKAL MAHESWARAPPA , VIJAYARANI K , KUMANAN K
Published: December 2023

The lentogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was propagated in 9–11 day-old specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs. Allantoic fluid was collected after the death of embryo, the obtained allantoic fluid showed virus titre (HA) of 1:256. Viral RNA was extracted from allantoic fluid by Trizol method, complementary RNA was synthesized by reverse transcriptase enzyme (superscript-III) and full length recombinant fusion and recombinant haemagglutinin- neuraminidase gene was amplified by PCR using gene specific primers. Gel purified PCR products were cloned into pTriEx neo 1.1 expression vector and transformed into E. coli BL-21 DE3 cells. The presence of insert in recombinant colonies was confirmed by colony PCR, restriction digestion and sequencing of insert released products. Cloned recombinant plasmids of fusion and haemagglutinin neuraminidase genes were expressed in Sf9 cells using baculovirus expression vector system. After 72 h of transfection plaque assay was done to confirm the presence of recombinant virus and then positive recombinant viruses were transfected to insect cells. The expression of recombinant proteins in Sf9 cells was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS- PAGE), immunoblotting and immunofluorescent assays (IFA).
Effect of zinc supplementation on growth, reproductive performance, immune and endocrine response in grower pigs
Authors: BORAH S , SARMAH B C , CHAKRAVARTY P , NASKAR S , DUTTA D J , KALITA D
Published: December 2023

The effect of dietary supplementation of zinc (Zn) on growth and reproduction performances, thyroid hormones and globulin level was investigated in the present study. Gilts (24; average body weight 20.65±1.72 kg) were randomly assigned into 3 groups (8 animals / group) receiving a basal diet and were supplemented for 120 days with (i) 100 mg/ kg of Zn (CON); (ii) 100 mg/kg of Zn along with calcium carbonate (1.5% of dry matter of diet, to induce Zn deficiency) (DEF), or (iii) 500 mg/kg of Zn (FOR). Serum Zn level increased in FOR-fed animals, and decreased in DEF-fed compared to CON-fed. Further, DEF-fed animals developed clinical symptoms of parakeratosis. Serum Cu level was not found affected. FOR-feeding promoted tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels compared to CON-feeding. It also led to higher serum gamma globulin level. A reverse trend to FOR-feeding was observed in DEF-fed animals with respect to T3, T4 and γ globulin level. Better feed conversion efficiency (FCE) and higher average daily gain (ADG) was also observed with FOR-feeding. Early puberty was attained in FOR-fed animals as compared to DEF- and CON-fed. The present study suggested that dietary supplementation of Zn at 500 mg/kg level in grower pigs might help in attaining early puberty, better growth performances, improved thyroid functions and better general health.
A diagnostic study on livestock production system in Eastern Region of India
Authors: GUPTA J J , SINGH K M , BHATT B P , DEY A
Published: December 2023

A study was conducted in seven east Indian states to understand the livestock production and management systems for making strategies for the improving livestock production. The data were collected from 2 districts from each state and from each district 25 farmers, on socio-economic status of farmers, animal status, feeding system, health status, breeding methods, assistance needs etc. Family size varied from 5.31 (West Bengal) to 9.48 (eastern Uttar Pradesh) and mostly heads of families were educated having more than 0.5 ha of agriculture land. The majority (70.86%) of the farmers were not able to spare agriculture land for fodder production. A large number of farmers in Asom, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand had non-descript cows. However, the majority of farmers surveyed in Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh had crossbred cow. Average milk production (kg/d), lactation length (m) and dry period (m) amongst animals of eastern region for non-descripts cows 2.48, 7.71, and 6.66, for crossbred cows 7.20, 9.08, and 3.85 and for buffaloes 5.54, 8.56, and 6.93, respectively. The majority of the farmers of the region reported foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) as a major concern and were not satisfied with their animals and production. It can be concluded that livestock farmers of the region are in great need of improved breeds, capacity building on balance feeding and general management practices for better and sustainable animal production.
The Planter performance under varied seed rate and nutrient management in chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
Authors: M KARTHIKA , REKHA K BHANU , SUDHAKAR K S , RAJAIAH P , MADHAVI A , TRIVENI S
Published: December 2023

A field study was carried out during winter (rabi) seasons of 2020–21 and 2021–22 at Agricultural Research Institute, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, Telangana to evaluate planter performance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Experiment was laid in split plot design with 4 seed rates (52, 70, 77 and 105 kg/ha) with corresponding two inter and intra row spacings (30, 40 and 7.5, 10 cm) in main plots and 7 nutrient management treatments in sub plots, viz. Absolute control, 75, 100, 125% RDF, 75% RDF + Microbial consortia (MC) – Azotobacter + Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria + Potassium releasing bacteria + Zinc solubilizing bacteria (5 kg/ha), 100% RDF + MC and 125% RDF+MC. Results revealed that miss and multiple indices were 11.31 and 10.25 and 4.89 and 4.51% for 10 cm spacing and 7.21 and 6.00 and 5.12 and 5.19% for 7.5 cm spacing during 2020–21 and 2021–22. Higher energy use efficiency (4.64), energy intensiveness (1.61 MJ/₹), net energy benefit (58106.4 MJ/ha) and energy efficiency ratio (2.37) were with 105 kg/ha seed rate and higher specific energy (8.91 MJ/ha) was with 52 kg /ha. Among nutrient management, highest energy use efficiency (4.98) and energy efficiency ratio were with absolute control while, 125% RDF + MC resulted in higher energy intensiveness (1.61 MJ/₹) and net energy benefit (54365.1 MJ/ha). Higher specific energy and agro-chemical energy ratio was with 75% RDF (7.94 MJ/ha) and 125% RDF (0.48). Among seed rate, yield (seed and haulm) and energy indices were highest with 105 kg/ ha and among nutrient management, highest yield and energy indices were with 125% RDF + MC but, on par with 100% RDF + MC and 125% RDF treatments.
Conservation agriculture, nitrogen and residual sulphur effects on maize (Zea mays) growth and yield in a long-term maize-Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) system
Authors: ROY ARKAPRAVA , DAS T K , DASS ANCHAL , BHATTACHARYYA RANJAN , BHATIA ARTI , MAITY PRAGATI PRAMANIK , SUDHISHRI SUSAMA , RAJ RISHI , G PRABHU , SEN SUMAN , RATHI NEELMANI , SHARMA TARUN , SAHA PRIYANKA
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2020–21 and 2021–22 at the research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to assess the effects of nitrogen and residual sulphur (S) on maize crop in the 11th year of a long-term conservation agriculture (CA)-based maize (Zea mays L.)-Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] cropping system. The CA-based practice CA3 [ZT maize (ZTMz) + mustard residue (MsR) + brown manuring (BM) – ZT mustard (ZTMs) + maize residue (MzR)] resulted in greater maize plant height and dry weight than other CA and CT systems except CA4 [ZTMz + mungbean residue (MbR) – ZTMs + MzR – ZTMb + MsR], which had comparable plant height and dry weight. The CA3 increased maize dry weight by 9% and 11.7% over CT in 2020–21 and 2021–22, respectively. On the contrary, CA4 exhibited highest root length, root mass, and root volume densities in both years, and CA3 was comparable. It gave significantly higher grain yield than other treatments except CA3 and CA2 (ZTMz + MsR- ZTMs + MzR), which were comparable. The 100% and 75% recommended dose of N gave comparable grain yield under all CA-based treatments, indicating a saving of 25% N (~37.5 kg N/ha), mainly under CA practices. This highlights N economization over times in CA system. The 100% and 50% S applied to mustard could not show any significant residual effect on maize grain, stover and biological yields. Interactions between CA practices and N treatments for grain yield was significant but between CA and residual S, treatments were statistically similar. Thus, this study underscores the importance of CA framework for enhancing yield and income through better N and S management/savings in maize-mustard system.
Nitrogen dose and placement in conservation agriculture for augmenting cropgrowth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)
Authors: PADHAN SMRUTI RANJAN , JAT SHANKAR LAL , SINGH A K , PARIHAR C M , POONIYA VIJAY , KUMAR SANDEEP , MEENA M C , RADHESHYAM  , KUMAR ANUP , DARJEE SIBANANDA
Published: December 2023

Optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilization is vital for minimizing losses and realizing the yield potential of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] under different tillage and residue management options. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of nitrogen placement methods under conservation agriculture (CA) for augmenting crop growth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard. Experiment consisted a split-plot design with three crop establishment practices (CEP) [ZT-R, Zero tillage without residue retention; ZT+R, Zero tillage with residue; CT, Conventional tillage] in main-plots and nitrogen placement methods (NPM) [control (no N); recommended dose of N (RDN)-conventional; RDN-SSB (subsurface band placement of second N split along the crop rows); 80% RDN-SSB] in sub-plots. The ZT+R enhanced crop growth rate by 6.0–36.1% over CT at various crop stages. The ZT+R reported higher soil moisture by 9–20.7% over CT and ZT-R. Significantly superior seed yield (14.3–28.5%), net return (20.5–53.9%) and benefit cost ratio (21.8–79.0%) was obtained with ZT+R over ZT-R and CT while RDN-SSB recorded 7.3–9.1% higher seed yield over other treatments. Statistically at par results were obtained under RDN-conventional and 80% RDN-SSB for yield attributing characters and seed yield delineating that a saving of 20% N in mustard production is possible without compromising yield and this can reduce environmental footprint as well. Therefore, this study concluded that the residue retention under ZT along with subsurface N placement in mustard crop gives better vegetative growth, yield attributes and yield with a potential to save 20% N and can be opted in semi-arid Indo-Gangetic plains and similar agro-ecologies.
Effect of enriched FYM and rice residue compost on growth, productivity and economics of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)
Authors: GARG KAMAL , DHAR SHIVA , SHARMA V K , MEENA RAJENDRA PRASAD , BAMBORIYA SHANTI DEVI
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2020 and 2021 at the research farm of ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to evaluate the performance of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] as affected by enriched organic formulations. The experiment comprised of seven nutrient sources, viz. control; 100% RDN through FYM; 100% RDN through improved RRC (Rice Residue Compost); 100% RDN through PHA (Paddy Husk Ash) enriched FYM; 75% RDN through PHA enriched FYM; 100% RDN through PPC (Potato Peel Compost) enriched FYM; and 75% RDN through PPC enriched FYM that were tested in randomized block design and replicated thrice. Significantly higher number of pods per plant was observed with the application of 100% RDN through PHA enriched FYM over control during both the years of study. The same treatment resulted into statistically higher yields of seed (1.89; 1.97 t/ha) and stover (7.83; 8.03 t/ha) over control and remained at par with 100% RDN through PPC enriched FYM and FYM during both the years. Results further indicated that highest gross returns, net returns and net B:C ratio (₹121.2 × 103 and 131.9 × 103/ha; ₹94.9 × 103 and 104.6 × 103/ha; 3.60 and 3.84) were obtained with 100% RDN through PHA enriched FYM over control and remain at par with treatment 100% RDN through PPC enriched FYM and FYM. Significantly maximum amount of available N in soil after harvest of pigeonpea crop was obtained under application of 100% RDN through PPC enriched FYM (229.1 and 231.9 kg/ha) over control. Further, application of 100% RDN through RRC showed superiority in increasing the available K (264.9 and 265.0 kg/ha) content in soil over control and other nutrient sources during both the years.
Edukasi Faktor Risiko Stunting pada Anak Usia 24-60 Bulan di Kelurahan Aia Pacah Kota Padang
Authors: Adelin Prima , Triyana Rahma , Zeffira Laura , Suryanis Ira
Published: December 2023

Kejadian stunting merupakan salah satu masalah gizi yang dialami oleh balita di dunia saat ini. Laporan Pelaksanaan Integrasi Susenas Maret 2019 dan SSGBI Tahun 2019 menunjukan data prevalensi stunting di Indonesia sebesar 27,67% dan di Sumatra Barat sebesar 27,47%,1 yaitu mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2018 sebesar 22,6% menurut Pemantauan Status Gizi (PSG) balita. Terdapat peningkatan prevalensi stunting balita usia 6–59 bulan di Sumatera Barat pada tahun 2020. Peningkatan pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan dan masyarakat terhadap faktor penyebab stunting merupakan hal penting karena diharapkan dapat berkontribusi untuk mencegah terjadinya stunting dan menurunkan angka kejadian stunting di masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah berupa edukasi kepada kader Kesehatan mengenai faktor risiko stunting pada anak usia 24-60 bulan yang dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Aia Pacah Kota Padang.
Tenosinovitis Sendi Panggul
Authors: Rana Zahra Muthia
Published: December 2023

Transient synovitis atau toxic synovitis adalah kondisi nyeri panggul pada anak-anak yang disebabkan oleh peradangan pada sendi panggul. Gejala yang dapat muncul bisa secara unilateral atau bilateral, atau terkadang awalnya unilateral lalu berkembang menjadi bilateral. Gejala yang dialami berupa nyeri panggul dengan kurangnya rentang gerak, gaya berjalan tidak simetris, jika nyeri dapat dilokalisir biasanya akan terasa di selangkangan, paha bagian depan dan lutut bagian dalam. Pasien sering menolak untuk menahan bobot tubuh ke kaki yang sakit. Selain itu akan timbul gejala demam tidak terlalu tinggi (biasanya suhu<38°C). Faktor penyebab penyakit ini dapat bersifat non-traumatik paling sering, traumatik dan alergi. Penanganan utama yang diberikan disesuaikan dengan gejala pasien dan latihan fisik sesuai dengan toleransi nyeri yang dirasakan pasien.
Diwon Cebexçuri dı Mefhumê Welati (Çabakçuri Divanı'nda Vatan Kavramı)
Authors: APUHAN Danyal
Published: December 2023

Welat, fikrê merdiman ciya bo zı yew cayo wertax o. Ino rıd ra qewramê welati merdım di yew nermi vırazeno, merdıman yew binan rê keno nızdi. Wexto ki merdım welatê xo ra dur bımano waştışê welat dı cuyayiş bınena beno muhim. Armancê ına meqale, welat ra durmendış yew şair/nuştoğ dı çıqedı yew hesrê welati vırazeno u ıno his pê nuştış çıqedı ca geno serê qewramê welat ra mocnayişo. Diwan dı baweri, heskerdışê Allah u pêğemberi, eşqo ilahi, cayê mubareki sey Mekke u Medine, merg u cuyayiş, edeb u heya, faslê heyatê insani, dunya u axiret, welat usn. mewzuyan newıriye.

Diwon Çebexçuri dı welat yew qewramo muhim o. Diwan dı welat; vera duşmen vındayiş, yewbiyayişê mıletê İslam, welatê her kesi ci rê weş ameyiş, qê welati xebat kerdış ser dı tesirın yew qewram viniyeno. Welat dı problemi zafi bı zi ıno probleman ra xelisiyayiş dı omidi şair est o. Diwan dı qewramê welati yew çend manayan dı şuğuliya ya. Ina xebat dı ser o ıno manayan dı vınertiyo u misal diye. Ino het ra qewramê welati têna pabesteyê yew cayi nêşuğuliyo. Xususiyetê ey çıyo, kamayo mana dı şuğuliyo ıno cihet ra newıriyo.

Cebexçuri, dewa Kortdew ê Çolig dı ameyo dunya. Qıciti ra medresa dı destpê wendış kerdo u keyê xo ra dur mendo. Bace semede melati u akademiye zi keyê xo ra dur mendo. Ino durmendış şair dı yew hesreti arda meydan. Ina xebat dı qewramê welati “Diwon Cebexçuri” dı çıqedı newıriyo bimisalan diyeno.
Zazaki dı Zafomari
Authors: KARABEYESER Ayetullah
Published: December 2023

Zafomari, yo kategoriya zıwanşınasi ya u zıwan ra zıwan bedıliyena. Têkı zıwanan
dı halê zafomari bıtertib o la têkı zıwanan dı hem zafomariya bıtertib hem zi zafo-
mariya bêtertib esta. Heto bin ra têkı zıwanan dı teyna yo wesıla zafomari esta la
têkı zıwanan dı wesıli zafomari zêd i.
Ina xebat dı behsê Zazaki dı zafomari beno. Zazaki dı, dı wesıli zafomari esti la-
belê ıni wesılan herında yobinan dı şıxulnayiş mumkun niyo. Her yo wesıl cayanê
ciyayan dı şıxuliyena. Ino hal zi ınê mewzuyi keno yo mewzuyo xısusi. Inay ra
ına xebat dı behsê nameyan dı zafomari, zerreyê cumle dı wext fail ya zi obje
zafomari bi şıxuliyayişê zafomari, antişê fiili dı pê tesirê fail ya zi obje ramotışê
zafomari, izafeya name u izafeya sıfeti dı şıxuliyayişê zafomari beno.
Clinical effect of Echinacea purpurea as an antiviral and its effect on reproductive hormones
Authors: Novika Revi G.H. , Wahidah Nurul J. , Yunus Ahmad , Sumarno Lanjar , Ilyas Muhana F.
Published: December 2023

Context: Echinacea purpurea, a well-known herbal remedy, is believed to possess immunomodulatory properties and has been traditionally utilized for a wide range of health benefits. However, its antiviral activities, particularly against SARS-CoV-2, and its modulation of reproductive hormones remain unknown. Aims: To investigate the utilization of E. purpurea herbal preparations as an antiviral by evaluating the Transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2) expression and investigating its effect on reproductive hormones by measuring androgen in males and estrogen in females. Methods: Forty male and female participants were randomly assigned to different groups. Daily administration of 400 mg of E. purpurea herbal preparations for 28 days constituted the intervention. The gathering of demographic data was documented. Before and after the intervention, samples were collected for investigation, which included the ELISA-based assessment of androgen, estrogen, and TMPRSS2 expression. Results: This study indicated that administration of E. purpurea can significantly down-regulate TMPRSS2 expression in both males (8.39 ± 1.13 to 4.16 ± 1.53; p=0.000) and females (14.18 ± 1.93 to 5.25 ± 1.13; p=0.000). The androgen was also significantly down-regulated in the male intervention group (22.73 ± 1.75 to 12.72 ± 2.26; p=0.000). In addition, estrogen levels were also significantly up-regulated in the female intervention group (72.33 ± 11.12 to 161.14 ± 35.13; p=0.000). Conclusions: E. purpurea may be capable of down-regulating androgen in males, up-regulating estrogen in females, and down-regulating TMPRSS2 expression. This study contributes to the growing body of literature exploring the effects of E. purpurea as an antiviral property, especially for SARS-CoV-2, and its effect on reproductive hormones.
APPLICATION OF INTERACTIVE TEACHING METHODS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors:   Yessenov University, Taimuratova Lidiya Ungarbayevna , Kylychmuradova Meruyert Zhanabilkyzy ,   Yessenov University
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The article reveals the problem of using an online platform as a basis for implementing pedagogical interaction on the Internet using various telecommunication channels with on-line or off-line modes, mass communications, social network services to enhance the cognitive activity of students. The concept of “educational online platforms” is revealed, on which innovative teacher tools for organizing an interactive educational process are located, which are in demand when implementing programs for the study and application of interactive technologies in education, since on their basis it is possible not only to provide theoretical and practical educational materials, but also to implement the very interactive interaction of participants in the educational process. The article describes innovative learning technologies, including types of online platforms and ways of using them in the educational process. Thus, the word interactive - the term interaction refers to the tendency to talk or communicate with someone (a person) or with someone (such as a computer) in an interview manner. Innovative educational work is formulated through the rational introduction of new technologies that adapt the educational process to productive learning. These include modern technologies such as cable and satellite television, video conferencing, teleforums, telethons, portfolios, personal achievements in education and training, and life skills training, including social learning, among which various achievements are mentioned. In the article, I focused on various online platforms that I use in the educational process. For example: Quizzlett, Wordwall, Canva, Padlet, Wooclap, Bouncy Balls, etc. Key words. Online learning; educational online platforms; network technologies; interactivity; interactive learning technologies; Internet services
PROBLEMS OF DISPLAYING THE ESSENCE OF GEODYNAMIC PROCESSES ON GEOLOGICAL MAPS
Authors:   Yessenov University, Kozhakhmet K.A. , Nurbayeva F.K. ,   Yessenov University, Zhienbayeva G.I ,   Yessenov University
Published: December 2023

Abstract. In connection with the transition to a new paradigm in geology offered by "Lithospheric plate tectonics", it became known that it is difficult to show the geological features of complex dislocated layered structures on geological maps, because the geological significance of such structures is the result of the horizontal movement of matter (geological formations) in time and space and the attributes of these formations in the current erosion section. combination, and the map sheet itself is ultimately a static sheet of paper. This situation requires the development of qualitative new methods and methodology for mapping highly dislocated tectonic structures, a vivid example of which is called "Pre-Late Paleozoic Ophiolitic Zones of Kazakhstan". ", it turns out that it is difficult to display the geological features of complex folded structures on geological maps, since the geological essence of such structures is the result of the horizontal movement of matter (geological formations) in time and space with the subsequent combination of the attributes of these formations on the modern erosion section, while the sheet of the map itself It is, after all, a static sheet of paper. This circumstance requires the development of qualitatively new methods and methodologies for mapping highly dislocated tectonic structures, a striking example of which are the so-called "Late Precambrian-Paleozoic ophiolite zones of Kazakhstan".
ASSESSMENT TECHNOLOGY AND METHODOLOGY OF APPLICATION IN PREPARATION FOR THE UNIFIED NATIONAL TESTING
Authors:   Yessenov University, Taimuratova Lidiya Ungarbayevna , Esniyazov Elaman Turdzhigitovich
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The use of assessment technology in preparation for the Unified National Testing is a necessary condition for the formation of mental qualities of a student's personality. The article describes the assessment technology and the methodology of its application in the preparation of the UNT. It includes the improvement of teaching methods of disciplines, the training of competent personnel for these disciplines, an objective assessment of students' knowledge. The system of preparation for the Unified National Testing educational work, the introduction of an interactive way of learning that adapts the educational process to productive education. It was said that interactive learning is, first of all, learning in which teachers and students interact and conduct interviews. About the main goals of interactive learning: the establishment of free and open creative communication between students, the orientation of students to independently search for knowledge, the development of necessary skills and abilities in students. We want to share our experience in improving the results of the Unified National Testing. We are developing an annual plan for students. The annual plan is based on the materials presented to each class. Exam materials cover various topics: historical (foreign) problems, proverbs, idioms and phrasal verbs, etc. It is important that the preparation for the "Unified National Testing" takes place in three stages: step-by-step preparation of goals, the development of knowledge on the subject of choice for deepening knowledge, identifying the student's capabilities and assistance in finding the right solution, working with each student individually and replenishing their knowledge, etc. The importance of the criterion assessment is emphasized-the type of assessment of students, since it is important to know the subject, depending on it, the issues of obtaining more points, as a result of the UNT. Important - communication skills, consistency, discipline, economical use of time, concentration, complete assimilation of materials, competence of students participating in the UNT, Unified National Testing, all this motivates to a good result. We believe that the methods used will help students to effectively apply their knowledge, get positive and good results. Interactive methods are also of great importance.
ABISH KEKILBAYEV'S REFLECTIONS ON LANGUAGE
Authors:   Yessenov University, Kabylov Adilet , Zhailauov Baktybai ,   Yessenov University
Published: December 2023

Annotation. The literary and creative heritage of the outstanding statesman and public figure, people's writer of Kazakhstan Abish Kekilbayev covers a wide range of topics. Along with literary and artistic works of various genres, the writer also contributed with journalistic, educational and research works for the spiritual development of our people. His reflections on history and language, traditions, culture and outstanding personalities are reflected in many of his articles and speeches. He was a direct witness of our country's independence, participated in the formation of its legislative framework, and also made a great contribution to writing. Actively participated in the acquisition of the Kazakh language status of the state language, wrote many articles about the problems of its development. Studying the prehistory of the development of society and language, offering lessons from the history of the struggle for the fate of the native language of the peoples freed from citizenship, he expressed valuable thoughts in the direction of expanding the scope of the Kazakh language, education in the native language. In numerous speeches of the writer during the independence of the country, in interviews and articles like "Careful use of the native language and perfection of future generations is a matter of honor", "Our language is the main asset", "Thinking about language means thinking about everything", "The core of national spirituality is language", etc. he it tightens the problems of the native language. The writer's work, which deeply touches on the problem of independence and language, is a historical and cognitive study "Language and independence". It was published in the form of an essay article in several issues of the newspaper "Egemen Kazakhstan" in 2006 and was included in the book of the same name published in 2007 by the publishing house "Er-Daulet" in Astana. It was a work written in a very timely manner and seriously related to a complex language issue in society, expressing valuable thoughts, revealing the significance of the problem of the state language. This work, written after an interview with the then head of state on language, reveals the essence of the principle "The future of Kazakhstan is in the Kazakh language" and reveals the importance of language in the life of society, its place in building a national state and consolidating society. In the light of such concepts as the community of people, society, the state, coloniality and citizenship, freedom and independence, prove by various facts the importance of language development for independence. The article is devoted to the disclosure of the meaning of this work. Keywords: language, society, history, independence, colonial policy, citizenship, civilization, sustainable development.
LINGUISTIC PERSONALITY IN THE SPACE OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIONS
Authors:   Kazakh National University at Al-Farabi, Satkenova Zhanar Bagasharovna , Issakova Assylymay Sagunbekovna ,   Yessenov University
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Among the channels of speech culture, the work of a philologist student without language richness will not be fruitful. Language richness may seem like a requirement only for teachers and philology students. If the teacher conveys what he has to say through the richness of words, in an impressive and complex language, he will surely find a way to the heart of the student. That is, although the expression of the quality of vocabulary in functional styles is different, the demands of society members are the same, because language richness is a very important component of word culture. The national language is one of the main channels of the rich and refined word culture. Key words: word culture, speech culture, linguistic personality, linguistic personality of the student, formation of linguistic personality.
FORMATION OF THE SPEECH CULTURE FUTURE TECHERS
Authors:   Yessenov University, Issakova Assylymay Sagunbekovna
Published: December 2023

Annotation. Linguistic and cultural bases of formation of linguistic personality of philological students can be used as classification signs in document classification, as semantic concepts in generating thesauruses and ontologies, as supporting concepts in media content analysis. In virtually all automatic text processing tasks, such as annotation, indexing, classification, machine translation, knowledge extraction, and more. it will be necessary to produce the terminology. This monograph calls for the description and systematization of these methods in order to determine the future and development issues of language identity formation. The importance of the identified issues is based on the phenomenon of information explosion in modern society. It is intended for research workers, specialists, university teachers, doctoral students, graduate students and students in the field of language personality formation. Key words: word culture, speech culture, linguistic personality, linguistic personality of the student, formation of linguistic personality.
THE IMAGE OF MUSA BAIZHANULY AND THEME OF ART IN THE NOVEL OF Z.AKYSHEV “ZHAYAU MUSA”
Authors:   Yessenov University, Abisheva Sh.S , YUSSIMBAYEVA S.Kh. ,   Yessenov University, Koshimova B.A. ,   Yessenov University
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The criterion for the spiritual worldview of any nation is not its material wealth, economic achievement, but its literature and art, which is passed on from generation to generation. Many historical examples and data can be cited to this. The legacy of the ancient Greek and Roman states, which became the cradle of human civilization, are the themes of art in the scientists’ and writers’ works. In the history of the nation, the sounds of kuyi perfomed on kobyz by Korkyt Baba and his covenants were not interrupted even at a time when the works of “sources from the world of art and literature”, enlightened writers J. Balasagun “Kutty Bilik”, A. Iugineki “Reward for Truth”, M. Khorezmi “Love” were written. There were many talented people though they were illiterate, they could present people wonderful songs and marvelous kui (genre of Kazakh national music). When famous performer of kui Ykylas played the kobyz (Kazakh musical instrument), the swans flew to the sound of the music, the dombyra (Kazakh musical instrument) player Bogda forced the production of milk from a camel whose baby camel had died. This is a testament to their great talent. Singers Aset, Estai, Zhayau Musa, Birzhan Sal, Akan Seri, performers of kui Kurmangazy, Dina, Turkesh, Tattimbet were all the best talents who came out of the common people. In this regard, the literary and cultural heritage, relics, artistic power, traditions, legends and truths, history and knowledge about the art of kui and kuishi (performer of kui), created by the Kazakh people over the centuries, have been raised to a high level in terms of the artistic genre. For the history of the nation, the life and work of Musa Baizhanuly is very important. He was a unique representative of Kazakh art, a singer, composer, who left his mark on the Kazakh steppe with his unique art, became a legend, mourned the grief of the common people and was sent into exile because of this. This article evaluates the significance of works of art that describe the life and natural talent of artists in the history of our people and their place in the spirituality of the nation. Key words: art, poet, artist, national values, poetry, continuity of tradition, internal monologue, dialogue, author's narration, content and idea.
Inductive Exemplification in Real and Thought Experiments
Authors: Buzzoni Marco
Published: December 2023

The New Experimentalism, given its opposition between experimental practices and fundamental theories, had to address the problem of the relationship between the particularity of the former and the generality of the latter. Other authors (from Charles A. Baylis and Nelson Goodman to Catherine Elgin) used the concept of exemplification to clarify the relationship between particular and universal/general concepts or laws. But one may ask whether, while hinting at a point of view that can illuminate new aspects of the problem, they have not ultimately left the problem itself unresolved. This article, on the basis of considerations developed elsewhere and following a suggestion found in Aristotle, proposes to link the concept of exemplification to the problem of induction and abduction, both understood here as a multiplicity of methodical procedures aimed at establishing a cognitive relationship between the reproducibility of scientific concepts or laws and the concreteness, locality, and situated character of experimental practices. A necessary prerequisite for the solution of the problem raised by this relationship is the distinction between two senses – one reflexive-transcendental, the other genetic-methodological – of the discovery/justification pair of concepts. This will shed light, at the same time, on the long-standing problem of induction and on the problem of the relationship between the universality of scientific laws and the always local and situated character of experimental practices. The last part of the article shows how these conclusions also apply to thought experiments, briefly discussing John Norton’s account.
UPAYA PENCEGAHAN KEKERASAN DI LINGKUNGAN PENDIDIKAN: SOSIALISASI DI PONDOK PESANTREN IBNU SHOLEH BANGKALAN MADURA
Authors: Prihandono wibowo  , Muchammad Chasif Ascha
Published: December 2023

Setiap individu berhak mendapatkan pendidikan yang layak. Karena salah satu fondasi negara adalah pengembangan sumber daya manusia, maka sektor ini juga sangat strategis. Siswa harus menerima pendidikan mereka dengan cara yang aman, representatif, dan emansipatoris. Namun, kekerasan terkadang terjadi di lingkungan pendidikan. Dalam berbagai kasus, kekerasan sering kali terjadi dalam bentuk perundungan, kekerasan fisik, pelecehan seksual, diskriminasi, dan bentuk kekerasan lainnya. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mencegah siswa menjadi korban atau pelaku kekerasan di lingkungan pendidikan. Aktivitas pengabdian masyarakat diisi dengan aktivitas memperkenalkan para peserta didik pada kriteria kekerasan di lingkungan pendidikan, meningkatkan wawasan dan pengetahuan mereka tentang pencegahan kekerasan, serta diskusi memperkuat rasa tanggung jawab mereka sebagai insan yang terdidik.
IMPROVEMENT OF ENZYME IMMUNODETECTION IN THE LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF HEPATITIS E VIRUS
Authors: Darmadi D.
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Hepatitis E is an RNA virus causing chronic diseases with detrimental effects, such as liver cancer and cirrhosis. Various biochemical tests exist for its diagnosis, but low sensitivity and cross-reactivity led the focus toward improved serological methods: immunoglobulin-based and enzyme immunodetection.
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of improved enzyme immunodetection methods in hepatitis E virus laboratory diagnosis compared with other diagnostic methods. A systematic literature review was conducted over secondary source databases: Google Scholar, Web of Science, Springer, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. The study followed a Preferred Reporting of Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist for conducting the systematic review. Abstracted and fulltext peer-reviewed articles were selected, published in English in 2015-2022.
The study employed keywords and set publication dates to search for the most relevant articles. However, these studies were assessed using the risk of bias tools: the Cochrane Risk of Bias for randomized controlled design and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for non-randomized controlled design. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist was also used to assess the quality of the studies that cannot be assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. After the selection, the data were synthesized using a qualitative approach to present the results. About 10 articles were identified, including randomized, cohort, qualitative, and diagnostic studies. They found the specificity of an immunoassay to achieve a significantly high specificity (98.3%) and sensitivity (89.5%) for immunoglobulin G-based hepatitis E virus detection.
However, they reported that immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M detection in the suspected hepatitis E virus patients and exposed groups gave potential results for detecting hepatitis E virus. The method was found as efficient as can be designed as non-invasive and with low risks and challenges.
The results showed that the improved enzyme immune-detective method can assist in providing a
reliable, easily accessible, and error-free hepatitis E virus diagnostic method. Thus, future research must
focus on exploiting these methods and strategies.
Om att leva under lagen: några anmärkningar
Authors: Slotte Pamela
Published: December 2023

The ‘rule of law’ has been described as an essentially contested concept which can be filled with different meanings, while still retaining a position as foundational for thinking about society, communal life, and the conditions for correct governance. The article reflects on what it means to live under the law and treat law as if it mattered, including from a religious perspective. By this, the article also provides insights into the disciplinary field of law and religion and current focuses and challenges in that area of research.
Schinus molle como refugio para la diversidad de criptógamas epífitas indicadores de contaminación del aire en Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Benítez Ángel , Yangua-Solano Erika , Ruiz Leslye
Published: December 2023

Air pollution in urban areas due to automotive and industrial emissions is a global problem, including the city of Quito- Ecuador. In this context, previous studies have pointed out the effective use of bioindicators of air quality using epiphytic cryptogams (bryophytes and lichens), which are pollutant-sensitive organisms because they absorb water and nutrients from the environment. In this study, we determined for the first time the changes in the richness and composition epiphytic cryptogams in the host tree Schinus molle comparing areas of high, medium, and low vehicular traffic. For this purpose, we registered the frequency and coverage of lichens and bryophytes with a grid of 10 x 50 cm, divided into twenty squares of 5 x 5 cm on Schinus molle trees. We recorded 30 species (23 lichens and 7 bryophytes). Richness, cover and diversity did not indicate changes in relation to vehicular traffic, however, the composition of the communities indicated slight changes in relation to vehicular traffic. Species composition indicated changes in relation to vehicular traffic, where species of the genera Leptogium and Teloschistes were dominant in low traffic areas, conversely species of genera Candelaria, Physcia and Frullania was observed in areas with higher traffic that are tolerant to pollution. Schinus molle is a very important species as a refuge for diversity of epiphytic cryptogams in urban areas.
Das Widerspruchsverfahren in der Praxis
Authors: Wedekind Birgit
Published: December 2023

Schritt für Schritt durchs Widerspruchsverfahren Der Leitfaden bietet einen umfassenden und konzentrierten Überblick über das Vorverfahren nach § 68 ff VwGO. Gewinnbringend für die Praxis ... Gute Kenntnisse über das Verwaltungsverfahren und speziell über das Widerspruchsverfahren sind für rechtssichere Bescheide unabdingbar. Das in der Ausbildung erworbene theoretische Wissen muss aufgrund des Wandels von Rechtsprechung und Literatur stetig erneuert werden, um gerichtsfeste Widerspruchsbescheide fertigen zu können. ... und für Studium und Referendariat Für Studierende an (Fach-)Hochschulen – beispielsweise für Polizei und Verwaltung – oder an Universitäten liefert das Buch praxisnahe Hilfestellungen und Anregungen. Vor allem für Rechtsreferendarinnen und -referendare, die sich in ihrer Verwaltungsstation nicht nur materielles und prozessuales Recht aneignen, sondern zum ersten Mal in der Praxis anwenden, gibt die Autorin wertvolle Impulse. Wichtige Themen sind u.a.: Aufbau und Inhalt des Widerspruchsbescheides sowie des Abhilfebescheides Besonderheiten der Zustellung, Verjährung und Vollstreckung Erstattung von Kosten im Vorverfahren Aktuelle Änderungen Die 4. Auflage befasst sich insbesondere mit Neuerungen zum Akteneinsichtsrecht, zur Vorgehensweise bei falscher Rechtsbehelfsbelehrung, zur Vollstreckung gegenüber einer rechtsnachfolgenden Person sowie zu der objektiven bzw. subjektiven Widerspruchshäufung. Änderungen im Wohnungseigentumsrecht sind ebenfalls berücksichtigt. Gesetzgebung, Literatur und Rechtsprechung wurden auf den aktuellen Stand gebracht. Jetzt mit 103 Mustern Der aktuelle Leitfaden enthält zusätzliche Muster zum Anfechtungswiderspruch mit Folgenbeseitigung zum teilweise erfolgreichen Verpflichtungswiderspruch Die Expertin für Lehre und Praxis Die Autorin ist Juristin und leitete den Fachbereich »Öffentliches Recht« im Rechtsamt der Stadt Frankfurt am Main. Darüber hinaus verfügt sie über langjährige Erfahrungen in der Lehre an der Hessischen Hochschule für Polizei und Verwaltung sowie in der Ausbildung von Rechtsreferendarinnen und -referendaren. Empfehlenswertes Standardwerk Für Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter in den Rechts- und Fachämtern ist das Buch ein unverzichtbares Arbeitsmittel. Aber auch Rechtsreferendarinnen und -referendare sowie Studierende, insbesondere an den Hochschulen für öffentliche Verwaltung, können die Darstellung für ihre Prüfungsvorbereitung nutzen.
Die Utopie der Moral
Authors: Albert Karl , Jain Elenor
Published: December 2023

Der Versuch der Grundlegung einer aktuellen Ethik unterscheidet deutlich sich von den zahlreichen in der letzten Zeit unternommenen moralphilosophischen Ansätzen, die sich vergeblich auf die bloße Vernunft oder den Glauben an das Gute im Menschen zu stützen suchten, durch die Rückwendung auf die Erfahrung des Seins, die keineswegs nur theoretischen Charakter hat. In ihr liegt vielmehr zugleich ein praktisches Moment, sozusagen ein „ontologisches Postulat“, welches als Motivation zu moralischem Denken und Handeln Lebensbedeutung besitzt. Als allgemein-menschliche Erfahrung der Teilhabe überschreitet die Seinserfahrung zugleich die Grenzen der unterschiedlichen Kulturen und Religionen. In der modernen Massengesellschaft verlangt die ontologische Ethik eine Innenwendung, wobei zugleich das Gemeinsame im Sein als Fundament von Sinnerfahrung und sinnvollem Handeln bewusst werden kann.