bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de estabilidad de un sistema de fermentación acetona-butanol-etanol (ABE) a partir de glucosa empleando Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824
Authors: Castellanos Suárez Laura Johana , Matallana Pérez Luis Gerónimo , López Giraldo Luis Javier
Published: March 2018

Se analiza la dinámica y estabilidad en la producción de butanol por fermentación en un biorreactor continuo. La respuesta dinámica del sistema se estudió eligiendo como criterio de evaluación la concentración de butanol, en un modelo cinético validado estadísticamente, que describe el comportamiento oscilatorio de cultivos continuos teniendo en cuenta la influenciadel pH, inhibición por productos y los parámetros influyentes en el sistema. Se tomaron como parámetros de bifurcación la dilución (D) y la concentración de sustrato de alimentación (Sf). Se empleó una rutina de cálculo en Matlab® y la herramienta Matcont® para generar diagramas de comportamiento dinámico, valores de estado estacionario y diagramas de bifurcación. Los resultados muestran que es conveniente operar a velocidades de dilución pequeñas (D<0,1[h^-1) y concentraciones de sustrato de alimentación(Sf) en un rango de 40 a 90 [g/L] para obtener las concentraciones más altas de butanol. Las implicaciones prácticas de los fenómenos descubiertos se analizancon el objetivo de aplicar una metodología adecuada para este tipo de estudios y para la puesta en marcha de este tipo de bioprocesos.
El imaginario de la crisis: caricatura económica en Colombia en la época de la Gran Depresión
Authors: Villaveces Niño Marta Juanita , Rodríguez Lesmes Paul
Published: March 2018

En el presente documento utilizamos las caricaturas económicas que aparecieron en elprincipal periódico colombiano (El Tiempo) entre 1928 y 1937, como una fuente primaria válidapara el análisis de las tensiones que los fenómenos y situaciones económicas generaron enColombia en una época tensa para la economía mundial. A través de la caricatura económica es posible ver la percepción de la opinión pública respecto a las políticas económicas y el temor e incertidumbre que éstas causaban en el común de la gente.
El nombre de las cosas
Authors: Saldarriaga Roa Alberto
Published: March 2018

Imaginemos por un momento que la humanidad pierde súbitamente la memoria.
Hombre-león: sobre los objetos
Authors: Romero Moscoso Alberto Carlos
Published: March 2018

Tras la instauración y consolidación de las disciplinas y con estas de sus discursos, comunidades y reglas de juego, organización que tuvo acento en el próspero fin de la modernidad y que se articuló a partir de las fundaciones disciplinares que surgieron en la mayor parte de una ciencia natural interesada en la especificidad de los múltiples lugares del saber particular; que permitió, por ejemplo, que surgiera la física y que además esta se dividiera en mecánica, termodinámica y óptica, muy temprano en el siglo xviii, y que logró organizar la astronomía como una disciplina diferenciada y permitió a la química y a la biología señalar de manera resuelta sus objetos de estudio, de manera que las estrategias para la consolidación del conocimiento se hicieron posibles a partir de fundar disciplinas y a cada una de modo ordenado permitirle señalar o ajustar de la forma más clara posible su interés, su campo de acción o su objeto de estudio.
A STUDY ON AWARENESS ON FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE LEARNERS BASED ON CERTAIN PRESAGE VARIABLES
Authors: Elumalai D. , Selvakumar S. Devasahayam
Published: March 2018

A fundamental right defines the freedom which is entitled by individuals. Government is regarded as a possible source of liberty by creating condition to enable their subjects to enjoy greater liberty than they otherwise would. This concept regards liberty as sometimes threatened not only by individuals and corporations, but also by governments. Sometimes the governments abuse their powers and trespass the individual liberty. Through fundamental rights the state must promote and protect the individual’s liberty instead of interference therein. State should keep off from certain areas of individual’s life and liberty, and should avoid interfering with them to promote their freedom
BRAIN BASED TEACHING APPROACH FOR THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Mary A.   Jeyantha
Published: March 2018

Communication plays an important role in our everyday life. Good communication is therefore vital for effective functioning in the work environment. There is overwhelming evidence that proficiency in communication skills can make any individual more versatile, and thus more competitive in the workplace. Communication is a mode, which helps every one of us to transfer our messages, thoughts, feelings, thinking, imagination and ideas. This is a function pre-installed or naturally exists in every human being to show his/her existence by language. Thus, every student certainly needs effective and impressive communication skills. As a result, there are growing expectations from educational institutions to cater the needs of the workplace. One of the major issues we need to address includes, what measures should be taken to make the students work-ready‘? In this perspective, Teachers have an important role to play in enhancing the communication skills among students. Considering the diversity in the classroom, there is a growing demand to use innovative methods and strategies, including framing good quality instructional resources to enhance various sub-skills of communication among our students.
An attempt is made in this article, to contribute to the ongoing discussion in the changing contexts of communication skills from the perspective of preparing our students to face future challenges. The paper shares ideas on enhancing the four core elements of Communication skills, including listening, speaking, reading and writing skills in order to get an edge up in the competition for work and employment.
Management and Prevention of Occupational Stress
Authors: Errhouni Hanae , Sundharavadivel G.
Published: March 2018

According to the INRS (National Institute for Research and Safety for the Prevention of Accidents at Work and Occupational Diseases), we talk about stress at work when a person feels an imbalance between what is asked to do in the professional setting and the resources available to respond to it.
According to WHO (World Health Organization), work-related stress is the set of reactions that employees may have when faced with professional demands and pressures that do not correspond to their knowledge and their abilities and question their ability to cope.
The Study of Educational Strategies for Sustainable Development Based on Insights from the Bhagavad-Gita
Authors: Chand Bharati
Published: March 2018

This paper explores educational strategies for sustainable development by following insights from Bhagavad Gita. The Bhagavad-Gita is a part of Indian epic, the Mahabharata which is a well-known Indian spiritual and philosophical text and its teachings are universal, non-sectarian.It provides educational strategies for sustainable future which aspires to increase pro-environmental behaviour. In this article, the researcher employs hermeneutics, a qualitative methodology which is the interpretation of ancient or classical literature, the Bhagavad-Gita.The existing findings are interpreted by analysing the verse of Bhagavad Gita. At the end,it is concluded that timeless teaching of Bhagavad Gita has educational strategies to enhance the sustainable development .This article is expected to provide spiritual as well as philosophical approach to education for sustainable development based on spiritual insights from Bhagavad Gita.
“Legal Regime of Right to Information in India: A Socio - Legal Study of Higher Educational Institutions of Kumaun, Uttarakhand”
Authors: Ray Mukesh Kumar
Published: March 2018

Information is an essential tool of democratic system, where people understand what is good for them and the nation knows how to govern them. India has got a position as the largest democracy of the world. But the quality of the Indian Democracy has a need to achieve the matching distinction. In India, it has been commonly experienced everywhere that the system is totally paralyzed due to corruption, unaccountability and irresponsibility. None of the law has to ensure the transparency in the system and track the carelessness or corruption.In comparison to other Rights, Right to information is an emerging Right. There is no other law or legislation which can be compared with this Right.
In recent years, there has been a strong global trend towardsrecognition of Access to Information (ATI) by countries, intergovernmental - organizations, civil society and the people. The Right to Information has been recognized as a fundamental human right, which upholds the inherent dignity of human beings.
A STUDY ON LEVEL OF AWARENESS ON ETIOLOGY OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY AMONG PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY
Authors: Kapil Yashvinder , R.M Tamil Selvan
Published: March 2018

In the present study the researcher has tried to explore the level of awareness regarding etiological factor of intellectual disability among parents having children with intellectual. The objective of this study was to assess the level of awareness among parents related to medical and etiological factors of intellectual disability. The sample of the study was 60 parents. The researcher used a self developed tool. The tool comprises of 30 items intellectual disabilities and its etiological factors, further it has medical cum genetic causes or environmental factor as two domains. The obtained t value was 1.20 and 2.02 respectively in both the medical cum genetic and environmental factors and the significant difference was .233 and .048 respectively. In addition to it item wise analysis was also prepared. The findings indicated that level of awareness does not vary with the gender of parents. The level of awareness has also does not have significance effect with respect to the socio economic status of the parents. Meanwhile, in the different items it can be said that parents have significance level of awareness whereas in few areas they need more awareness such as transferability of Intellectual disability, phenlketonuria.
SELF-REGULATION IN EVERYDAY LIFE: A HARBINGER OF PEACE
Authors: Das Paromita
Published: March 2018

Peace for a common man indicates the existing condition in his/her surroundings. Everyone expects peace to come from the external sources to the extent that can fulfil one’s satisfactory level. Man is not separate from his society. So, if s/he has expectations of a peaceful environment there are duties/skills which he himself or herself should develop and follow. It can be started from one to many and vice-versa and in harmony. For this there is a need of self-regulation in everyday life which can foreshadow peace in gradual steps. This is possible only when one understands his/her Self. Peace is each one’s responsibility in every simple manner one can. We should not depend on the Government or any authority or organization to grant peace. This attitude has to be changed because Government is of the people, by the people and for the people. One of the biggest reasons of conflict, violence and unrest is that we try to think for ourselves first, our own needs and desires too. There are ways to peace if we all are willing. First of all, the goal and then our efforts with mutual trust and respect can make everyday life better. To know about other people, their way of life is necessary for a better communication and to maintain healthy relationships. Even the stranger in a remote place, though harmful, is our responsibility, to prevent him/her from disturbing peace and to know the root cause of his/her inner conflict or state of mind. It is the self-regulation strategies which everyone should follow and practise in his/her immediate environment such as home, neighbourhood, institution and workplace. This can start from the local to the global level. This paper is a humble attempt to reflect on our everyday life, how we lead it, our thinking, feeling and doing that not only affects ourselves but also the surroundings and society. Health factor both physiological and mental has a role to play in inner peace and the peace to be built all around us. Several other causes as obstacles to inner peace, how to deal with them and self-regulation in various ways are included in this paper. Also to be aware of the basic life skills which will help to maintain our inner peace and our peaceful co-existence with the living and non-living around.
A Newly Designed Mobile-Based Computerized Cognitive Addiction Therapy App for the Improvement of Cognition Impairments and Risk Decision Making in Methamphetamine Use Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Zhu Youwei , Jiang Haifeng , Su Hang , Zhong Na , Li Runji , Li Xiaotong , Chen Tianzhen , Tan Haoye , Du Jiang , Xu Ding , Yan Huan , Xu Dawen , Zhao Min
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Cognitive rehabilitation therapy has been found to improve cognitive deficits and impulse control problems in methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). However, there is limited research regarding this therapy’s feasibility when using mobile-based health technologies in supporting recovery from MUD in China.

OBJECTIVE

The main aim of this study was to test whether 4 weeks of a newly designed computerized cognitive addiction therapy (CCAT) app can improve cognitive impairments, eliminate drug-related attention bias, and attenuate risk decision-making behaviors in participants with MUD.

METHODS

Forty MUD participants were assigned randomly to either the CCAT group (n=20), who received 4 weeks of CCAT plus regular detoxification treatment as usual, or the control group (n=20), who only received the regular detoxification treatment as usual, in drug rehabilitation centers in Shanghai. The CCAT was designed by combine methamphetamine use-related picture stimuli with cognitive training with the aim of improving cognitive function and eliminating drug-related attention bias. The CogState Battery, Delay Discounting Task (DDT), Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), and Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART) were administered face-to-face to all participants before and after CCAT interventions.

RESULTS

Forty male patients were recruited. The mean age was 32.70 (SD 5.27) years in the CCAT group and mean 35.05 (SD 8.02) years in the control group. Compared to the control group, CCAT improved working memory in the CCAT group (P=.01). Group×time interactions were observed among DDT, IGT, and BART tasks, with rates of discounting delayed rewards, IGT, and BART scores (P<.001) being reduced among those who received CCAT, whereas no changes were found in the control group.

CONCLUSIONS

The newly designed CCAT can help to improve cognitive impairment and impulsive control in MUD. Further study is needed to understand the underlying brain mechanisms of the cognitive therapy.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03318081; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03318081 (Archived by WebCite at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03318081)
An ontology-based, model-driven approach for dialogue simulation underlining communication skills in medical consultation (Preprint)
Authors: Singer Nicolas , Guo Jing , Bastide Rémi
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Communication and interpersonal skills for general practitioners in medical consultations play an important role in providing high-quality health care, and in establishing good doctor-patient relationships. Serious games are a good vector to enforce simulation exercises to develop effective communication strategies. In such games the learner plays the role of a health care provider and the patient is simulated by a computer program.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to develop a dialogue engine that can simulate a doctor-patient dialogue during a consultation encounter process.

METHODS

We define a model of the medical consultation process and of the patient profile and use ontologies to feed a dialog engine

RESULTS

The proposed model is called the medical consultation process model (MCPM) and is implemented with an ontology called MSCOnto (Medical Consultation Session Ontology) and described in the Web Ontology Language (OWL) syntax. We explain the architecture and workflow of the dialogue engine and show how the engine can be set up to define different types of patient profiles, and to generate conversations depending on doctor choices.

CONCLUSIONS

The model allows the representation of the processes and actors of a medical consultation. Processes are break down into phases, micro-sequences, dialogues session and phrases. Patient profiles and exchanged information can also be expressed. Tests have shown that the presented work lays the foundation of a system able to generate a realistic dialogue between a doctor and a patient.
Using Mobile Apps for Health Management: A New Health Care Mode in China (Preprint)
Authors: Lv Qing , Jiang Yutong , Qi Jun , Zhang Yanli , Zhang Xi , Fang Linkai , Tu Liudan , Yang Mingcan , Liao Zetao , Zhao Minjing , Guo Xinghua , Qiu Minli , Gu Jieruo , Lin Zhiming
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

China has a large population; however, medical resources are unevenly distributed and extremely limited, and more medical services are needed. With the development and ever-increasing popularity of mobile internet communication, China has created a mode of mobile health (mHealth) care to resolve this problem.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was (1) to describe the problems associated with China’s medical care practice, (2) explore the need for and the feasibility of internet-based medical care in China, and (3) analyze the functionality of and services offered by internet-based health care platforms for the management of chronic diseases.

METHODS

Data search was performed by searching national websites, the popular search engine Baidu, the App Store, and websites of internet medical care institutions, using search terms like “mobile health,” “Internet health,” “mobile medical,” “Internet medical,” “digital medical,” “digital health,” and “online doctor.” A total of 6 mobile apps and websites with the biggest enrollment targeting doctors and end users with chronic diseases in China were selected.

RESULTS

We recognized the limitations of medical and health care providers and unequal distribution of medical resources in China. An mHealth care platform is a novel and efficient way for doctors and patients to follow up and manage chronic diseases. Services offered by these platforms include reservation and payment, medical consultation, medical education assessment, pharmaceutical and medical instruments sales, electronic medical records, and chronic disease management. China’s health policies are now strongly promoting the implementation of mHealth solutions, particularly in response to the increasing burden of chronic diseases and aging in the population.

CONCLUSIONS

China's internet-based medical and health care mode can benefit the populace by providing people with high-quality medical resources. This can help other countries and regions with high population density and unevenly distributed medical resources manage their health care concerns.
Social Media Use in Interventions on Diabetes: A Rapid Evidence-Based Review (Preprint)
Authors: Gabarron Elia , Årsand Eirik , Wynn Rolf
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Health authorities recommend educating diabetes patients and their families and initiating measures aiming at improving self-management, promoting a positive behavior change and reducing the risk of complications. Social media could be valid channels to intervene and deliver diabetes education. However it is not well known if the use of these channels in interventions can help to improve patients’ outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

To review and describe the current existing evidence on the use of social media in interventions targeting people affected with diabetes.

METHODS

A search was conducted across four databases (Pubmed; SCOPUS; EMBASE; and Cochrane Library). The quality of the evidence of the included primary studies was graded according to the GRADE criteria, and the risk of bias of systematic reviews was assessed by drawing on the AMSTAR guidelines. The outcomes reported by these studies were extracted and analysed.

RESULTS

Twenty articles of moderate and high quality were included in the review; 17 primary studies and three systematic reviews. Thirteen among the sixteen publications measuring the effect on HbA1c of the intervention using social media have reported significant reductions. The five studies that measured satisfaction with the interventions using social media found positive effects. There was mixed evidence regarding the effect of interventions using social media on health related quality of life (two publications found positive effects and three found no differences); and also on diabetes knowledge or empowerment (two articles reported improvements and two reported no significant changes).

CONCLUSIONS

There is little evidence of good quality on the use of social media in interventions aimed at people with diabetes. However, the use of these channels is mostly linked to benefits on patients’ outcomes. Public health institutions, clinicians and other stakeholders that aim at improving the education of diabetes patients could consider the use of social media in their interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL

This review has been registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42018088206).
Web-Based Activity Within a Sexual Health Economy: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Turner Katy ME , Zienkiewicz Adam K , Syred Jonathan , Looker Katharine J , de Sa Joia , Brady Michael , Free Caroline , Holdsworth Gillian , Baraitser Paula
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Regular testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is important to maintain sexual health. Self-sampling kits ordered online and delivered in the post may increase access, convenience, and cost-effectiveness. Sexual health economies may target limited resources more effectively by signposting users toward Web-based or face-to-face services according to clinical need.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this paper was to investigate the impact of two interventions on testing activity across a whole sexual health economy: (1) the introduction of open access Web-based STI testing services and (2) a clinic policy of triage and signpost online where users without symptoms who attended clinics for STI testing were supported to access the Web-based service instead.

METHODS

Data on attendances at all specialist public sexual health providers in an inner-London area were collated into a single database. Each record included information on user demographics, service type accessed, and clinical activity provided, including test results. Clinical activity was categorized as a simple STI test (could be done in a clinic or online), a complex visit (requiring face-to-face consultation), or other.

RESULTS

Introduction of Web-based services increased total testing activity across the whole sexual health economy by 18.47% (from 36,373 to 43,091 in the same 6-month period—2014-2015 and 2015-2016), suggesting unmet need for testing in the area. Triage and signposting shifted activity out of the clinic onto the Web-based service, with simple STI testing in the clinic decreasing from 16.90% (920/5443) to 12.25% (511/4172) of total activity, P<.001, and complex activity in the clinic increasing from 69.15% (3764/5443) to 74.86% (3123/4172) of total activity, P<.001. This intervention created a new population of online users with different demographic and clinical profiles from those who use Web-based services spontaneously. Some triage and signposted users (29.62%, 375/1266) did not complete the Web-based testing process, suggesting the potential for missed diagnoses.

CONCLUSIONS

This evaluation shows that users can effectively be transitioned from face-to-face to Web-based services and that this introduces a new population to Web-based service use and changes the focus of clinic-based activity. Further development is underway to optimize the triage and signposting process to support test completion.
Development of eHOME, a Mobile Instrument for Reporting, Monitoring, and Consulting Drug-Related Problems in Home Care: Human-Centered Design Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dijkstra Nienke Elske , Sino Carolina Geertruida Maria , Heerdink Eibert Rob , Schuurmans Marieke Joanna
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Home care patients often use many medications and are prone to drug-related problems (DRPs). For the management of problems related to drug use, home care could add to the multidisciplinary expertise of general practitioners (GPs) and pharmacists. The home care observation of medication-related problems by home care employees (HOME)-instrument is paper-based and assists home care workers in reporting potential DRPs. To facilitate the multiprofessional consultation, a digital report of DRPs from the HOME-instrument and digital monitoring and consulting of DRPs between home care and general practices and pharmacies is desired.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to develop an electronic HOME system (eHOME), a mobile version of the HOME-instrument that includes a monitoring and a consulting system for primary care.

METHODS

The development phase of the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework was followed in which an iterative human-centered design (HCD) approach was applied. The approach involved a Delphi round for the context of use and user requirements analysis of the digital HOME-instrument and the monitoring and consulting system followed by 2 series of pilots for testing the usability and redesign.

RESULTS

By using an iterative design approach and by involving home care workers, GPs, and pharmacists throughout the process as informants, design partners, and testers, important aspects that were crucial for system realization and user acceptance were revealed. Through the report webpage interface, which includes the adjusted content of the HOME-instrument and added home care practice–based problems, home care workers can digitally report observed DRPs. Furthermore, it was found that the monitoring and consulting webpage interfaces enable digital consultation between home care and general practices and pharmacies. The webpages were considered convenient, clear, easy, and usable.

CONCLUSIONS

By employing an HCD approach, the eHOME-instrument was found to be an easy-to-use system. The systematic approach promises a valuable contribution for the future development of digital mobile systems of paper-based tools.
Atrial Septal Defect with Pulmonary Stenosis: Staged or Simultaneous Intervention?
Authors: S., et al Widodo
Published: March 2018

Atrial Septal Defect with Pulmonary Stenosis: Staged or Simultaneous Intervention?
T Peak–T End Interval Alteration as Parameter of Successful Fibrinolysis in Patients with ST Segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Dwijanarko Windhi , Maharani Erika , Anggrahini Dyah Wulan
Published: March 2018

Background: In STEMI patients, the duration of action potential dispersion occurs between normal and ischemic tissue due to the lengthening of the refractory period, causing transmural dispersion of repolarization, which could be detected with Tp-Te interval prolongation on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Benefits of fibrinolytic therapy in patients with STEMI has been demonstrated, with reduced mortality significantly and improve coronary patency in order to increase myocardial perfusion. The goal of this study was to determine Tp-Te interval alteration in STEMI patients before and after the fibrinolytic therapy between successful fibrinolysis compared to failed fibrinolysis. Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted to collect ECG from medical records at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital in January–September 2016. STEMI patients with onset less than 12hours whom reperfused with fibrinolytic therapy were registered. Tp-Te interval was measured before, soon after (0 minute), and 30 minutes after fibrinolysis with successful and failed results. The unpaired t-test analysis was used to compare Tp-Te interval alteration after fibrinolysis. Then, ΔTp-Te cut-off value was determined to find sensitivity and specificity based on ROC. Result: Among 84 patients enrolled in this study, 46 patients with successful fibrinolysis and 38patients with failed fibrinolysis. Both of groups had Tp-Te interval prolongation before fibrinolysis, with mean value of 120.30 ± 13.02 ms in successful fibrinolysis group and 118.57 ± 15.24 ms in failed fibrinolysis group. In successful fibrinolysis group, Tp-Te interval reduced significantly with ΔTp-Te value of 17.55 ± 13.35 ms on 0 minute and 20.85 ± 15.62 ms on 30 minutes after fibrinolysis, while in failed fibrinolysis group there was not a decrease of Tp-Te interval with ΔTp-Te value of -0.77 ± 11.00 ms on 0 minute (p <0.001) and -1.53 ± 14.35 ms on 30 minutes after fibrinolysis (p <0.001). Cut-off value ΔTp-Te 20 ms had sensitivity 52.2% and specificity 94.7% based on ROC, with strong discriminator value of AUC (0.888). Conclusion: There was a greater reduction of Tp-Te interval in STEMI patients with successful fibrinolysis compared to failed fibrinolysis, so it may be used as a alternative parameter of successful fibrinolysisKeywords: STEMI; Tp-Te interval; fibrinolysis
Recurrent Hemoptysis in Patient with Primary Pulmonary Hypertension – A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Nugraha Indra Widya , Irawan Bambang , Dinarti Lucia Kris
Published: March 2018

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is defned as an increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) ≥ 25 mmHg at rest as assessed by right heart catheterization (RHC). The symptoms of PH are non-specifc and mainly related to progressive right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. In some patients the clinical presentation may be related to mechanical complications of PH andthe abnormal distribution of blood ﬂow in the pulmonary vascular bed, include hemoptysis related to rupture of hypertrophied bronchial arteries. Hemoptysis is a serious complication that is rarely reported in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Hemoptysis severity ranges from mild to very severe leading tosudden death. Hemoptysis are reported to be a terminal stage ofa complication due to PAH with prevalence is variable, from 1% to 6%. Although the incidence is quite rare, the presence of recurrent hemoptysis in patients with pulmonary hypertension is a sign of poor prognosis. Bronchial artery embolization is suggested as an acute emergency procedure in the case of severe hemoptysis or as elective intervention in cases of frequent mild or moderate episodes.
Emancipation Education Thanks to a Mobile Digital Device
Authors: Ouvrard-Servanton Marie , Raybaudo Hugo, G. , Salesses Lucile
Published: March 2018

Within the remote and isolated Internally Displaced Person (IDP) camps of Northern Iraq, the needs of IDPs go beyond that of basic humanitarian aid, as clearly expressed in the Inter-Agency Rapid Assessment Report in August 2014. We have carried out an anthropologically oriented critique and have noticed a gap between what is acknowledged in the report and the effectiveness of humanitarian aid action in the field. Regrettably, the report shows intentions that leave IDPs alone with their concerns, especially regarding young people’s future. Where is the opportunity to reconnect with the world while in these camps? This article identifies problematic issues in relation to education and humanitarian aid in the camps and discusses a response to this critique by developing an emancipation through education project for disinherited youths living in hostile IDP camps. The purpose is to evaluate how such an NPO project could provide an answer by combining both a technological and a pedagogical approach. Following the wishes of the IDPs, a two phase program is designed, based on praxis and emphasizing emancipation that privileges autonomy, a situated pedagogy, an oral transmission culture and creative transmission through theatre in order to fulfil the information and education needs of these youths.
Effect of Walkability on Users Choice of “Walking” the Last Mile to Transit Stations: A Case of Delhi Metro
Authors: - Chidambara , Gupta Sanjay
Published: March 2018

There is growing recognition of the importance of Last Mile Connectivity (LMC) to mass transit systems. In the context of Delhi, albeit a shift can be seen in the provisioning of LMC, and despite previous studies indicating that more than 50% of metro rail users walk to and/or from metro stations, yet the seriousness with which pedestrian environment is woven into transit planning is lacking.
The paper is based on an empirical study conducted by the author, of approximately 800 samples of metro users surveyed across seven stations of Delhi Metro, representing different station typologies, ridership and locational contexts. The paper focuses on the “walk” choice of users across a variety of factors related to their socio-economic strata, trip characteristics and station context. A parallel study is conducted to audit the pedestrian environment within one kilometre distance around each station. The paper further attempts to investigate whether pedestrian environment affects user choice of opting for “walk” as the last mile choice. It also ranks the performance of the case stations in terms of various attributes of walkability.
In conclusion, the paper contends that overall walkability environment offered to transit commuters is crucial in the share of walk trips for last mile commute and the distance commuters are willing to walk. It recommends that walking as LMC choice needs to be promoted through enhanced user experience in absence of which a significant amount of last mile travel will happen through unsustainable mechanised modes.
O controle judicial da execução penal no Brasil: ambiguidades e contradições de uma relação perversa
Authors: Cacicedo Patrick
Published: March 2018

O presente estudo objetiva analisar criticamente o controle judicial da execução penal no Brasil. A partir de três aspectos distintos da execução penal, busca-se expor as ambiguidades e contradições da jurisdicionalização da execução das penas no Brasil, cujo debate doutrinário não tem ido além da natureza jurídica deste campo do direito. Para além do debate acerca da necessidade de um controle judicial da execução penal no Brasil, pretende-se apontar para a complexidade da questão a partir de problemas concretos pouco abordados pelos autores da área. Assim, a análise do controle judicial do sistema progressivo, da questão disciplinar, bem como dos direitos relacionados às condições materiais de aprisionamento permite desvelar graves problemas que a temática engendra, especialmente no que se refere às formas de gestão e controle das pessoas presas, de modo a contribuir com o debate para um campo do direito que carece de aprofundamento científico.
Do princípio da proporcionalidade e sua aplicação no mandado de detenção europeu
Authors: Januário Túlio Felippe Xavier
Published: March 2018

Objetiva-se, com o presente trabalho, analisar a possibilidade e eventual necessidade de aplicação de um teste de proporcionalidade a ser realizado pelo Estado de execução, no âmbito do mandado de detenção europeu, como medida de contenção à utilização deste instrumento em casos de criminalidade não considerada grave. Para tanto, serão analisados, inicialmente, o princípio do reconhecimento mútuo e o seu preceito básico, qual seja, a ideia da confiança mútua entre os Estados-Membros da União Europeia, a fim de examinar o contexto da construção do espaço europeu de liberdade, segurança e justiça, assim como os pilares da criação do mandado de detenção. Feito isso, será possível diagnosticar o problema que ora se discute, qual seja, o da sua excessiva utilização para a chamada criminalidade menos grave, assim como averiguar suas possíveis soluções, dentre as quais, a possibilidade de controle por parte do Estado de execução.
La transparencia y la formación de ciudadanía en un gobierno local: Oportunidades y restricciones en Jalisco
Authors: Aguilera Hintelholher Rina Marissa
Published: March 2018

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar y explicar la importancia de la transparencia en el desarrollo de la vida pública contemporánea, enfatizando su relevancia en los sistemas democráticos y destacando su contribución para que los gobiernos sean más abiertos, interactivos y visibles. Lo cual es un avance importante para formar ciudadanía, factor que se correlaciona con el desempeño eficaz de las instituciones gubernamentales. El gobierno del Estado de Jalisco destaca como laboratorio de este ejercicio democrático
El Congreso y el presupuesto de egresos en el Estado de México (1986-2014)
Authors: Sánchez Martínez José Said
Published: March 2018

La mayor parte de los estudios sobre la política subnacional considera que los congresos estatales son un actor marginal, aspecto que se reproduce en el tema de la política de gasto. Sin embargo, es preciso ofrecer evidencia para tener una mejor idea sobre el desempeño de los congresos. En este sentido, a partir del estudio de caso del Estado de México, los objetivos de esta investigación son: a) mostrar evidencia empírica sobre el ejercicio de la función presupuestaria; b) contrastar si el estatus del gobierno afecta la conducta del congreso, y c) conocer las características de las enmiendas sobre el presupuesto de egresos
Sobre la necesaria vinculación entre historia y memoria en el estudio de la historia reciente en Argentina. Reflexiones a partir de un análisis de caso
Authors: Raina Andrea
Published: March 2018

En el presente artículo se reflexiona acerca de la necesaria vinculación entre historia y memoria para los estudios de la historia reciente en Argentina. El texto parte de algunas reflexiones que el debate clásico del núcleo historia y memoria invita a repensar. Aquí se presenta un estudio de caso –de la represión local durante el período 1973-1976. La práctica doble de deconstrucción de las memorias arraigadas socialmente, a la par de la reconstrucción histórica, permitió debatir esos sentidos enraizados y arrojar algo de luz sobre un proceso represivo creciente, atravesado
en la ciudad de Santa Fe, como en tantas otras del país, que estalló durante la última dictadura militar del año 1976
Skills, Practice Patterns, and Knowledge of Canadian Family Physician Endoscopists
Authors: Kolber Michael R. , Ross Shelley
Published: March 2018

Background and Objectives: In Canada, few family physicians (FPs) perform endoscopy. Conflicting evidence exists on the quality of endoscopy performed by Canadian FPs, which may be explained by differing skillsets of these endoscopists. The objective of this study was to perform the first exploration of the practice, skills, and knowledge of Canadian FP endoscopists.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey, including direct knowledge test, was used.
Results: Twenty Canadian FP endoscopists completed the survey. Ninety-five percent practice outside urban centres, all perform gastroscopies, and 85% perform colonoscopies and polypectomies. These endoscopists are performing about 32 procedures per month. They are using split bowel preparations, performing rectal retroflexion, and tattooing advanced lesions, all characteristics of a quality endoscopist or program. Self-identified knowledge gaps identified included caring for patients with inflammatory bowel disease and staging rectal cancer. Direct testing found gaps in describing Barrett’s esophagitis and managing anticoagulated patients who require endoscopy.
Conclusions: Canadian FP endoscopists appear to be providing quality endoscopic exams and should be supported and encouraged to continue to provide care of rural Canadian patients with gastrointestinal concerns. Future training and continuing education events aimed at this group of endoscopists should target identified knowledge gaps.
Employment opportunities for people with disabilities in Alajuela, Costa Rica
Authors: Slocum Sophia
Published: March 2018

There are over 400 000 people with disabilities in Costa Rica, but there is almost no published research on their employment. To identify employment opportunities, I interviewed 23 participants in the training program of a foundation in Alajuela, Costa Rica (students, professors and mothers). I found that they have insufficient opportunities because of social attitudes and communication barriers, often limiting them to entry-level and low paying jobs.
Comparison of three models of population density estimation for Central American red brocket deer (Mazama temama)
Authors: Apan-Araujo Giovana Lizet , González Susana Aurora , Molina- Martínez Arcángel , Jiménez G Daniel , Villarreal E.B Oscar Agustín
Published: March 2018

The deer Mazama temama has a wide range in the tropical rain forest of Mexico, but the IUCN classifies it as Data Deficient, and information is urgently need for management and conservation. Here we assess which population density estimation model is more appropriate among those by Tyson (1959), Mandujano and Jones (2005) and Crego and Macri (2009). We compare them with field data from Tepetla (Puebla, Mexico), from 2015 to 2017, with three replicates in the wet season and three in dry season. An ANOVA indicated that the three methods produce equivalent results.
Conservación del forraje de la Typha domingensis (Typhaceae). Ensilaje y henificación
Authors: WingChing-Jones Rodolfo , Leal Rivera José Carlos
Published: March 2018

Integrar la gestión de la tifa en prácticas de alimentación de ganado proporciona, desde una perspectiva de gestión, mantenimiento de espejos de agua para aves y, para productores, la fuente de alimento para animales rumiantes cuando las lluvias bajas reducen el crecimiento de forraje. Determinamos la capacidad de la tifa cosechada a cuatro meses de rebrote de ser henificada y ensilada. Para el heno, hemos secado el forraje bajo la luz del sol de 10am a 2pm durante 4 días. En el caso del ensilado, se añadió melaza melazas al 3% p/p, y se probaron tres niveles de urea (0,5, 1 y 1,5% p/p) a un nivel constante de melaza (3% p/p). Este heno de tifa contiene mejor valor de proteína cruda y perfil DIVMS que el informado anteriormente para Transvala, la tifa es una fuente alternativa aceptable de forraje cerca del humedal. El ensilado tiene un comportamiento adecuado cuando se expone a la fermentación anaeróbica, que, junto con la adición de urea y melaza, conserva y aumenta el nitrógeno.
Pesca con cebo activo por Ardea alba (Pelecaniformes: Ardeidae) en Argentina
Authors: Sovrano Lorena Vanesa , Beltzer Adolfo Héctor
Published: March 2018

El comportamiento de pesca con cebo activo ha sido registrado en especies de la familia Ardeidae. Para la Garza blanca (Ardea alba) sólo existe un registro previo en la literatura. Mediante este aporte se documenta el registro de pesca con cebo activo por la Garza blanca observado en un Parque urbano de Argentina.
Densidad poblacional en Chocó, Colombia, de dos árboles de importancia económica: Huberodendron patinoi (Malvaceae) e Hymenaea oblongifolia (Fabaceae)
Authors: Perea Pandales. Keiler , Palacios T. Luz Yorleida , Bellido C. Danilza Marcela , Blanquicet G Nohora Elia , Rengifo Mosquera Jhon Tailor
Published: March 2018

El estado de dos especies arbóreas de importancia económica, Huberodendron patinoi e Hymenaea oblongifolia, en Chocó, Colombia, era desconocido. Usamos parcelas de 50x50m para estudiar plántulas y árboles. Encontramos 19 H. oblongifolia adultas; y 19 adultos y 66 plántulas de H. patinoi (es decir, 4 Ind/ha y 33 Ind/ha, respectivamente). Es necesario ejecutar acciones de manejo para aumentar la densidad de ambas especies
An undescribed species of velvet worm from Chiapas, Mexico (Onychophora: Peripatidae)
Authors: Toledo-Matus Xocoyotzin , Rivera-Velázquez Gustavo , Monge-Nájera Julián , Morera-Brenes Bernal
Published: March 2018

Onychophoran worms are considered "living fossils" because their basic body structure has changed little in 500 million years. Only two species have been properly recorded from Mexico: Macroperipatus perrieri from Veracruz, and Oroperipatus eisenii from Nayarit. Here we report an undescribed species of Oroperipatus from Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas. Males, which are rarer, smaller and reddish than females, are 3-4cm long and have 24-25 leg pairs (N=6). Females are 4-7,5cm long and have 28-29 pairs (N=19). We propose the common name "Tuxtla Brownish Purple Velvet Worm" to help study and protect the species until it receives formal description. This new record expands the known distribution of the phylum in Mexico from the evergreen forest of Veracruz to the deciduous forest of Tuxtla (400Km).
Análisis de la sequía meteorológica en cuatro localidades agrícolas de Venezuela mediante la combinación de métodos multivariados
Authors: Orlando Olivares Barlin , Zingaretti M. L.
Published: March 2018

A escala global, la agricultura es considerada la actividad más vulnerable a la sequía, representando una de las amenazas climáticas más devastadoras. Es por ello que, el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la ocurrencia de la sequía meteorológica por medio de series temporales del Índice Normalizado de Precipitación durante el periodo (1980-2014) para cuatro localidades agrícolas venezolanas. Para el análisis, se usó la combinación de dos métodos multivariados: el Análisis de Coordenadas Principales de las matrices de datos usando distancia Euclídea y el Análisis Clúster. Los resultados del análisis revelaron tres grupos de años para las localidades El Tigre y Banco de San Pedro, representados por los años húmedos, condición normal o intermedios y años con déficit hídrico significativo; mientras que para el resto de las localidades (Tapipa-Padrón y El Guayabo) solo se distinguen dos grupos de años (húmedos y secos). La metodología estadística basada en el análisis multivariado permitió delinear grupos de años que mostraron patrones semejantes del índice de sequía meteorológica en función a la serie temporal. El estudio constituye la columna vertebral para la planificación del espacio y el fortalecimiento de las estrategias para la seguridad alimentaria en esas localidades.
Delimitación y descripción biofísica de dos turberas y de una laguna endorreica en el sector Salsipuedes-Cerro Asunción, Parque Nacional Tapantí - Macizo de la Muerte, Costa Rica
Authors: León Alfaro Yazmín , Reyes Chaves Jonnathan
Published: March 2018

El reconocimiento de las turberas como parte esencial de los recursos humedales del mundo ha aumentado en los últimos años. Aproximadamente la mitad de los humedales del mundo son turberas y son particularmente vulnerables a las actividades humanas y el cambio climático. Presentamos la primera descripción biofísica de la vegetación, el micro relieve y el agua de turberas en el Parque Nacional del Macizo de la Muerte, Costa Rica. Tres transectos y las imágenes de LANDSAT 8 indican que las turberas difieren en las tendencias de la capa freática y la vegetación. Una turbera tenía una zona central inundada dominada por Sphagnum spp.; un sector de transición con Puya dasylirioides, Blechnum buchtienii y Chusquea subtessellata; y una capa de arbustos dominada por Pernettya prostrata y Vaccinium consanguineum. La mayoría de los árboles eran Quercus seemanni y Drymis granadensis. Otra turbera se caracterizó por Puya dasylirioides, Blechnum buchtienii y las hierbas acuáticas Paepalanthus costaricensis e Hypericum strictum, incluidos los árboles Quercus seemannii y Drymis granadensis (en los bordes del humedal). La reducción progresiva del agua en los humedales representa un riesgo de degradación y transformación de las turberas en otro tipo de ecosistema
Las cuatro etapas históricas de la ecología urbana en Costa Rica
Authors: Monge-Nájera Julián
Published: March 2018

La ecología urbana inició en Costa Rica en la década de 1950 con el estudio de los parásitos urbanos, seguido en la década de 1960 por la ecología de árboles urbanos y en la de 1990 por la ornitología de ciudad. En 2008, con la creación del primer centro en el mundo dedicado a la ecología de asentamientos tropicales, el Laboratorio de Ecología Urbana de la UNED, se entró en la etapa institucional de la disciplina. Entre los pioneros del campo en Costa Rica se encuentran Róger Bolaños, Luis Fournier, Gary Stiles y Zaidett Barrientos.