bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metodologias para calcular os custos de um curso de graduação em Medicina: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Maia Leila Senna , Brito Laylla Silva Ramalho de , Silva Jr Dércio Santiago da , Poz Mario Roberto Dal
Published: July 2024

RESUMO Introdução: Em julho de 2021, o Brasil tinha 373 cursos de Medicina autorizados pelo MEC, dos quais 229 de instituições privadas, com um valor médio de mensalidade de R$ 8.242,70. O grande volume de recursos envolvidos em mensalidades, bolsas e fomentos (Prouni, Fies etc.) justifica o esforço envolvido neste trabalho. Objetivo: A revisão visou identificar as metodologias de análise de custo de formação de médicos, classificando-as segundo categorias de nível de ensino e abrangência do custo. Método: A metodologia escolhida foi a revisão de escopo, dado que a produção na área de foco é irregular e com lacunas metodológicas. Resultado: As buscas em português e inglês resultaram na seleção de 24 textos, que foram agrupados em nove grupos, elaboradas a partir do foco de seus conteúdos combinados com os interesses da pesquisa. Conclusão: A inexistência de consenso metodológico e a busca por otimizar recursos e avaliar a eficácia do ensino reforçam a necessidade do desenvolvimento de metodologias de apuração de custos da graduação em Medicina.
Scoping review of methods used to calculate the costs of an undergraduate medical course.
Authors: Maia Leila Senna , Brito Laylla Silva Ramalho de , Silva Jr Dércio Santiago da , Poz Mario Roberto Dal
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction: Brazil had 373 medical courses authorized by the Ministry of Education in July 2021, with 229 being in private institutions and an average monthly tuition rate of R$8,242.70. The vast number of resources involved in tuition, scholarships, and grants (PROUNI, FIES, and so forth) justifies the effort required for this activity. Objective: The review sought to find approaches for analyzing the cost of training doctors, categorizing them according to the level of education and cost scope. Method: Given the irregularity and methodological inadequacies around interest, the chosen methodology was a scoping review. Result: The literature search in Portuguese and English yielded 24 articles, which were divided into nine categories depending on their content focus and the study interests. Conclusion: The lack of methodological agreement, as well as the pressure to optimize resources and evaluate educational efficacy, highlight the need for the development of methods to determine the costs of undergraduate medical education.
Validação de uma matriz avaliativa do processo de enfermagem no contexto hospitalar
Authors: Amaral Jocelio Matos , Almeida Deybson Borba de , Freitas Genival Fernandes de , Tavares João Paulo de Almeida
Published: July 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Validar o conteúdo de uma matriz avaliativa do processo de enfermagem no contexto hospitalar. Método: Foi realizado um estudo metodológico, conduzido em quatro etapas, realizadas de março a dezembro de 2022. São elas: levantamento bibliográfico e seleção dos fundamentos estruturantes; construção do modelo lógico e da matriz de análise e julgamento; validação de conteúdo por um comitê de juízes (n=11) por meio da técnica Delphi; análise dos dados de validação do conteúdo por meio do cálculo da Taxa de Concordância e Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. Resultados: Ao final das duas rodadas realizadas, a matriz teve uma taxa de concordância de 90% quanto ao formato e 100% quanto os demais aspectos estruturais. Também teve uma taxa de concordância de 100% quanto à abrangência e representatividade dos domínios da matriz. Quanto ao Índice de Validade de Conteúdo médio os valores foram de 0,97 e 0,98, na clareza e representatividade, respectivamente. Conclusão: A matriz avaliativa - constituída por quatro dimensões e quatorze itens avaliativos referentes às etapas necessárias para implantação e operacionalização do processo de enfermagem - demonstrou ter uma excelente validade de conteúdo, o que pode contribuir para subsidiar iniciativas institucionais de sua consolidação nos serviços de enfermagem hospitalares.
Atenção às lacunas no cuidado renal: traduzindo o que sabemos em ações
Authors: Luyckx Valerie A. , Tuttle Katherine R. , Abdellatif Dina , Correa-Rotter Ricardo , Fung Winston W.S. , Haris Agnès , Hsiao Li-Li , Khalife Makram , Kumaraswami Latha A. , Loud Fiona , Raghavan Vasundhara , Roumeliotis Stefanos , Sierra Marianella , Ulasi Ifeoma , Wang Bill , Lui Siu-Fai , Liakopoulos Vassilios , Balducci Alessandro
Published: July 2024

Resumo Historicamente, são necessários, em média, 17 anos para que novos tratamentos passem da evidência clínica para a prática diária. Considerando os tratamentos altamente eficazes disponíveis atualmente para prevenir ou retardar o início e a progressão da doença renal, esse período é demasiadamente longo. Agora é o momento de reduzir a lacuna entre o que sabemos e aquilo que fazemos. Existem diretrizes claras para a prevenção e o manejo dos fatores de risco comuns para doenças renais, como hipertensão e diabetes, mas apenas uma fração das pessoas com essas condições é diagnosticada mundialmente, e um número ainda menor recebe tratamento adequado. Da mesma forma, a grande maioria das pessoas que sofrem de doença renal não têm conhecimento de sua condição, pois ela costuma ser silenciosa nos estágios iniciais. Mesmo entre pacientes que foram diagnosticados, muitos não recebem tratamento adequado para a doença renal. Levando em consideração as graves consequências da progressão da doença renal, insuficiência renal ou óbito, é imperativo que os tratamentos sejam iniciados precocemente e de maneira adequada. As oportunidades para diagnosticar e tratar precocemente a doença renal devem ser maximizadas, começando no nível da atenção primária. Existem muitas barreiras sistemáticas, que vão desde o paciente até o médico, passando pelos sistemas de saúde e por fatores sociais. Para preservar e melhorar a saúde renal para todos em qualquer lugar, cada uma dessas barreiras deve ser reconhecida para que soluções sustentáveis sejam desenvolvidas e implementadas sem mais demora.
Nietzsche nos estudos críticos da animalidade
Authors: Cragnolini Mónica B.
Published: July 2024

Resumo: Partindo de um breve histórico sobre como Nietzsche foi considerado e utilizado como peça argumentativa na literatura animalesca, o presente estudo se centra em buscar uma compreensão sobre as contribuições que a filosofia de Nietzsche pode fazer ao campo dos estudos críticos da animalidade, uma área interdisciplinar e que se centra no estudo dos animais, seus modos de estar e habitar no planeta, seus vínculos com o resto da realidade e seus direitos.
SOCIEDADE CIVIL E SOCIEDADE POLÍTICA NOS PLANOS DE EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Jacomini Márcia Aparecida
Published: July 2024

RESUMO O objetivo deste texto é analisar à luz de referenciais gramscianos o contexto e a construção de hegemonia em torno de planos de educação. Com base em estudo documental e bibliográfico, analisamos a atuação de intelectuais coletivos em dois momentos distintos: o Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) 2001–2010 e o PNE 2014–2024. Em ambos os casos, observamos importante participação da sociedade civil na construção de propostas de planos, mas nenhum deles correspondeu às expectativas e propostas dos defensores do direito à educação pública de qualidade socialmente referenciada, nos termos debatidos nos congressos nacionais de educação e na Conferência Nacional de Educação (Conae). Nesse momento em que se encontra em debate um novo plano decenal de educação, é esperado que as deliberações da Conae 2024 sejam contempladas no novo PNE e contribuam para avançarmos nos direitos educacionais no Brasil.
Dual-task activities impact the gait kinematics of both amputated and healthy participants similarly
Authors: Metzen Fernanda , Bonetti Leandro Viçosa , Malinski Stefanie Sanhudo , Silva Caroline Bisinella da , Bernardon Dannielle Cristina Sanfelice , Saccani Raquel , Barroso Gustavo , Cechetti Fernanda
Published: July 2024

Abstract Introduction: Gait is the motor task most impacted by amputation, requiring several physical and cognitive adaptations. The interaction between cognition and movement can be validly assessed through dual-tasks analysis. Objective: To analyze the kinematics of single and dual-motor tasks of participants with transfemoral amputation and compare it with healthy participants. Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study in which 14 participants in the transfemoral amputee group and 14 non-amputee participants attended the Gait Laboratory of the Clinical Center of the Universidade de Caxias do Sul to perform cognitive and motor activities tests. Speed, cadence, stride width, stride length, step length and step time were analyzed. Results: Participants in the transfemoral amputee group presented impaired gait kinematic parameters when compared to non-amputates during single and dual-tasks. Both groups showed a similar percentage decrease in performance on the dual-task compared to the single task. Conclusion: There is a distinction observed in the gait patterns and parameters of both groups, as evidenced in both the simple gait assessment and the dual-task evaluation. The primary finding of our study suggests that changes in gait kinematics appear to be exacerbated by dual-tasking rather than solely by amputation.
Promoção de Saúde Mental na atenção primária: o papel dos grupos de saúde na perspectiva de usuários e profissionais
Authors: Zorzi Viviane Nogueira de , Martins Sharon da Silva , Macedo Danielle de Amaral , Sangioni Luís Antônio
Published: July 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever e analisar a percepção dos usuários e profissionais de uma equipe de Saúde da Família em relação à oferta de grupos como estratégia para promover a Saúde Mental na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, exploratória e qualitativa realizada em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) de Santa Maria, RS. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo e cinco categorias emergiram: 1) APS centrada no sujeito e na sua comunidade; 2) Acolhimento e construção de vínculo; 3) Efetivação da promoção de Saúde Mental em dispositivos comunitários e territoriais; 4) Cuidado em Saúde Mental: construindo caminhos e 5) Trabalho em rede: uma expectativa. Os grupos despontaram como potenciais promotores de Saúde Mental na APS. Por enfatizar o componente socioafetivo e a longitudinalidade do cuidado, eles favorecem o bem-estar físico e mental dos usuários, fortalecendo sua autonomia e independência.
Approche translangagière : quelques perspectives pour enseigner les structures syntaxiques ?
Authors: HOPPE Christelle , MEDINA LIZARAZO Anderson
Published: July 2024

Cette étude de cas a pour objectif d’étudier les effets et les caractéristiques d’une approche translangagière sur le développement des compétences métalangagières et métaréflexives des apprenants. L’analyse des échanges qui résultent des activités pédagogiques permet de dégager des possibilités d’actions propres à ce type de pratique. À la lumière des résultats, nous concluons en évaluant l’intérêt d’une approche translangagière et les bénéfices d’une prise en compte de l’intégralité du répertoire langagier des apprenants dans l’apprentissage du français en tant que langue additionnelle. En effet, celle-ci suscite des moments propices à la négociation et à la compréhension mutuelle sur le sens et sur la forme.
Relation de détermination entre les unités nominales de type N1N2 en ikwere
Authors: OSU Sylvester
Published: July 2024

Partant du constat que la langue ikwere ne dispose pas de classe de mots dont la fonction consisterait systématiquement en celle de déterminant, l’objectif de cet article est de comprendre ce qui fait que dans une relation de type N1N2, un élément apparaît en position N1 plutôt qu’en N2, et inversement, un élément apparaît en N2 plutôt qu’en N1. Ainsi, le numéral tólú ‘neuf’ apparaît obligatoirement en postposition par rapport à áhwà ‘année’ (on dit áhwà tólú ‘neuf ans’) alors que le numéral ɔ́gwʊ̰́ ‘vingt’ précède áhwà ‘année’ (on dit ɔ́gwʊ̰́ áhwà ‘vingt ans’). Dit autrement, par quel(s) moyen(s) le locuteur ikwere parvient-il à identifier le déterminant et/ou le déterminé dans une relation de détermination entre termes représentés par les unités nominales dans la séquence N1N2 ? Un examen d’une série d’exemples contextualisés montre que l’ikwere croise plusieurs critères, à savoir :
1) la nature de la relation construite à travers la juxtaposition des deux unités ; 2) les propriétés primitives des termes représentés en position de N1 et N2 ; 3) le positionnement des termes en N1 et/ou N2 ; 5) le contexte d’emploi de la relation construite.
Dijital Okuryazarlık Becerisi Ölçeği: Güvenirlik ve Geçerlik Çalışması
Authors: Özden Mehtap , Meydan Engin , Günay Göknur
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı öğretmenler ve öğretmen adayları için kullanılacak güvenilir ve geçerli bir dijital okuryazarlık becerisi ölçeği geliştirmektir. Çalışma nicel desende ölçekleme temelli bir araştırmadır. Ölçekleme yapılmak üzere betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Literatürde kabul gören dijital okuryazarlık çerçevelerinden ve aynı zamanda MEB’in öğretmenler için hazırladığı dijital okuryazarlıkla ilgili kılavuzda da boyutlarına yer verilen bir çalışma temel alınarak soru havuzu oluşturulmuş, uzman görüşü neticesinde 24 maddeye indirilen olası ölçekle veri toplanmıştır. 150 katılımcıdan veri alınmış ve analizler sonucunda (Önce Cronbach Alpha güvenirlik katsayısına bakılmış, daha sonra KMO ve Bartlett’s Testi sonuçlarının referans değerler aralığında çıkmasıyla açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır.) bazı maddeler silinmiştir. Neticede 15 maddelik, 5’li likert tipinde hazırlanmış, “kazanıma uygun araç seçimi ve yönlendirme, eleştirel okuma, güvenli ve eleştirel yazma” olmak üzere 3 faktörlü, toplam varyansın yaklaşık %56’sını açıklayan, Cronbach Alpha güvenirlik katsayısı 0,887 olan bir ölçek elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu ölçekle beraber literatürde sık rastlanan eğitimle ilgili diğer dijital okuryazarlık ölçekleriyle beraber tartışılmıştır.
The Role of Immunohistochemistry in Managing Clinical Hypertension and Other Chronic Inflammatory Processes
Authors: Antoinette Lona
Published: July 2024

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a pivotal technique in the visualization of specific proteins within tissue samples, leveraging antigen-antibody interactions to elucidate protein presence, distribution, and abundance. In clinical hypertension, IHC is instrumental in unraveling disease mechanisms, identifying biomarkers, and fostering targeted therapies. This review delves into IHC’s contributions to managing hypertension by examining its role in understanding the pathophysiology and identifying key proteins like those in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Elevated angiotensin II type 1 receptors in vascular walls, detected via IHC, correlate with hypertension and vascular remodeling. Additionally, IHC identifies inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, linking chronic inflammation to hypertension. The technique is vital for discovering biomarkers like endothelial nitric oxide synthase and vascular endothelial growth factor, essential for assessing endothelial function. IHC also detects oxidative stress markers, aiding in understanding oxidative mechanisms in hypertension. Evaluating antihypertensive therapies at a molecular level, IHC shows how interventions affect protein expression and vascular health, guiding therapeutic strategies. By revealing proteins differentially expressed in hypertensive tissues, IHC identifies new therapeutic targets, enhancing treatment efficacy. Furthermore, this review explores the application of IHC in other chronic inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, highlighting its broader relevance in disease management. Recent advancements include the development of new drugs targeting specific molecular pathways, such as endothelin 1 receptor antagonists like aprocitentan, approved by the FDA in March 2024 for the treatment of resistant arterial hypertension. Overall, IHC significantly advances both research and clinical practice, promising improved health outcomes through continued methodological advancements.
Exploring the potential of thyroid hormone therapy: Recent advancements and controversies
Authors: YRKM Sai
Published: July 2024

This article provides an overview of the recent advancements in thyroid hormone therapy for treating hypothyroidism and other thyroid disorders. The traditional thyroid hormone replacement therapy using levothyroxine has been effective, but recent advancements have led to a more individualized approach to treatment. The article discusses the development of new formulations and dosages of thyroid hormone replacement therapy, as well as the exploration of new combination therapies using both levothyroxine and liothyronine. Additionally, recent developments in the guidelines for thyroid hormone replacement therapy have emphasized the need for individualized treatment based on the patient’s specific needs and physiology. The article also highlights recent advancements in thyroid hormone therapy for depression, cardiovascular disease, and non-thyroidal illness syndrome. Overall, the article shows that recent advancements in thyroid hormone therapy have provided clinicians with more options for treating patients with thyroid disorders, improving their lives.
ICGRC Portal Tripal Data Generation and Setup v3
Authors: Mansueto Locedie , not provided ramil.mauleon , Kretzschmar Tobias , King Graham
Published: July 2024

The data provided by the International Cannabis Genomics Research Consortium (ICGRC, https://icgrc.info) web portal consists of published results from past analyses, and results generated using the steps described in this protocol. We used public datasets, and open software commonly used for the specific tasks, suggested from best practices, or from other Tripal sites. The sections in this protocol can be grouped into Data Generation (steps 1-8), Setup Tripal and Modules (steps 9-15), Multi-omics API Integration (step 16,17), and Setup of non-Tripal pages (step 18).
COMPORTAMENTOS DE RISCO EM ESTAGIÁRIOS DA SAÚDE DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE BRASILEIRA
Authors: Costa Juliana Carline Abreu Martins , Gonçalves Eloisa da Graça do Rosário , Carvalho Silva Liscia Divana , De Moraes Érica Brandão , Azevedo Patrícia Ribeiro , Junior José Aquino
Published: July 2024

Comportamentos de risco podem ser considerados como potencialmente capazes de ameaçar à saúde e reduzir a qualidade de vida. Estudo transversal, quantitativo com objetivo de verificar comportamentos de risco em estagiários da saúde de uma universidade brasileira, realizado em setembro a dezembro de 2020. A amostra foi composta de 31 universitários dos cursos de medicina, enfermagem, educação física, farmácia e odontologia. Utilizou-se o Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). Verificou-se associação dos comportamentos de risco pelos testes qui-quadrado e Pearson. Obteve-se associação entre idade e comportamento de risco de andar de motocicleta sem a utilização de capacete ou uso raramente (pX2 = 0,43) para o sexo masculino (pX2 = 0,37). Obteve-se 25,8% da amostra que pensou seriamente em cometer suicídio e 16,1% planejou o suicídio. A faixa etária de 29 a 30 anos 10 (33,3%) afirmou tentativa de suicídio, 1 vez, sendo referida por 50,0% dos estagiários de educação física (pX2 =0,046 e pX2 =0,004). O comportamento de risco associado à prática sexual foi significante entre 29 a 30 anos e 10 (33,3%) afirmou ter relação com 6 pessoas ou mais no curso de educação física, mesmo com o isolamento social da covid-19 (pX2 =0,03). Houve afirmação de relação sexual com mais de 2 pessoas em todos os cursos da amostra. Obteve-se associação da cor e agravamento da covid-19 com ocorrência de confirmação por profissional da saúde e tipo de testagem. O estudo evidencia que os universitários são vulneráveis a comportamentos de risco o que aponta para um futuro preocupante.
CENTRO CULTURAL JOÃO FONA: REFLEXÕES SOBRE O “MUSEU DE SANTARÉM”
Authors: Vasconcelos Elias Mota , Costa Staël de Alvarenga Pereira , Salgado Marina , Gonçalves Willi de Barros
Published: July 2024

Este artigo objetiva destacar o Centro Cultural João Fona – CCJF, enquanto patrimônio cultural edificado de Santarém, Pará, bem como atualizar informações sobre o mesmo, uma das edificações mais antigas da cidade, conhecido como “Museu de Santarém”. Datado da segunda metade do século XIX, época em que foram erguidas expressivas edificações na cidade, como o Teatro Vitória, o Solar do Barão de Santarém e o Solar dos Campos. O CCJF foi concebido inicialmente para sediar a Câmara Municipal, contudo, já foi utilizado como Intendência, Cadeia Pública, Tribunal do Júri, Prefeitura, Coordenadoria de Turismo, Secretaria de Cultura, e, a partir de 2011, passou a funcionar como CCJF. Entre as onze salas que o compõem, estão o rico e valioso acervo de cerâmica Tapajó ou Santarém, fragmentos da mesma cerâmica, telas, móveis de época, exposições temporárias e permanentes, o esqueleto de uma baleia Minke e, utensílios utilizados para torturar e açoitar negros escravizados à época colonial. A carência de fontes bibliográficas foi um dos pontos negativos apontados para a elaboração deste estudo, destarte, a contribuição envolvendo pesquisadores das áreas de turismo, arquitetura, conservação e restauração sinalizam novas possibilidades e avanços para estudos atualizados e interdisciplinares sobre o CCJF.   A metodologia utilizada foi pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, observação não participante e entrevista não estruturada.
Proactive Service in the Housing and Utilities Sector as a Trend of Technological Development (In Russ.)
Authors: Efimova A. A. ,   ITMO University, Gavrilyuk E. S. ,   ITMO University
Published: July 2024

This research is dedicated to exploring the prospects of implementing proactive maintenance methods in the housing and communal services sector, relying on modern machine learning algorithms. Based on a review of contemporary scientific research on the topic, an analysis of existing solutions to prevent emergencies and reduce costs in the opera-tion of residential properties, as well as successful examples of implementing machine learning technologies in practice, opportunities for applying these technologies in predicting and preventing malfunctions have been identified. The main risks associated with the introduction of artificial intelligence in housing and communal services were also examined. This article delves into the role of machine learning algorithms in optimizing service processes and resource manage-ment, through the adoption of innovative approaches to create a more efficient and sustainable housing and communal infrastructure. It represents a significant contribution to understanding the development prospects of the housing and communal services sector, highlighting how machine learning technologies can enhance the efficiency of housing management, contribute to timely accident prevention, and improve citizens' quality of life. This material will be relevant for executives of managing companies and researchers interested in the implementation of innovative approach-es in managing housing and communal infrastructure.
STATE TERRORISM - DEFINITIONS AND MANIFESTATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR
Authors: Krupenya I. ,   Kyiv International University (Ukraine)
Published: July 2024

The article examines national and international law in the context of interpreting the concept of terrorist state. Eleven criteria of the 1987 Geneva Declaration on Terrorism, which explain such a phenomenon as terrorist state, were analyzed. It was proved that the actions of modern Russia toward Ukraine fully correspond to all eleven criteria of the 1987 Geneva Declaration on Terrorism. It was demonstrated that Moscow’s bombing of civilian targets in Syria, Chechnya shows that russia’s way of war and bombing of civilian targets was meant to inflict terror on the general population and beat it into submission. The same way of war “Putin’s regime” tries to apply to Ukraine. It was refuted the thesis of Permanent Representative of Ukraine to the United Nations Sergiy Kyslytsya which he expressed on January 2, 2024 during the interview to the American television and radio organization Voice of America that the russian way of war in Ukraine is complete terrorism that brings death and destruction.
Study of the ecological indicators of diesel engine operation with biomineral fuel mixtures
Authors: Plotnikov Sergey A. , Kartashevich Anatoly N. , Zabolotskikh Georgy E.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Studies of alternative fuels for automobiles and tractors are of great importance for the development of the Russian engine industry. This trend finds its place in the Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation until 2030, thus being one of the priority directions. Many Russian scientists have been dealing with the problem of multi-fuel capability of internal combustion engines for a long time.
This article discusses the operation of the D-245.5S2 diesel engine with biomineral fuel mixtures (BMFM) for their environmental friendliness according to the methodology of UN Regulation No. 96 (02).
AIM: Justification of the relevance of the use of biomineral fuel mixtures (BMFMs) for diesel engine operation in various load modes based on a comparison of their final specific emission value with the specific emission of toxic components of pure diesel fuel according to the UNECE Methodology No. 96 (02).
METHODS: The following components were used for the preparation of BMFMs: ethanol (E), rapeseed oil (RO) and diesel fuel (DF). Biological components were mixed in different ratios to DF. Their ratio in the mixture was determined by laboratory studies of the physicochemical properties of the components. Subsequently, the mixtures were subjected to bench tests at the facility equipped with the D-245.5S2 diesel engine and the RAPIDO SAK N670 electric brake rig. Further, the obtained total values of the relative terms of the studied toxic components (soot, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen oxides) for all test cycles (percent — % and millionths — ppm) were converted into the actual content of these substances in the total specific emission in exhaust gases (according to UN Regulation No. 96(02) — g/kWh).
RESULTS: It was found that the use of these mixtures has a positive effect on the environmental component of the exhaust gases: a decrease in the emission of the studied toxic components was observed when operating with the BMFMs in comparison with traditional diesel fuel.
CONCLUSION: Although BMFMs show reduced emission values of harmful substances in exhaust gases compared to pure diesel fuel, they cannot make a diesel engine to satisfy the environmental indicators of the Stage II of the UNECE Regulation No. 96 (02); optimization of the fuel supply system and installation of additional exhaust gas filtration systems are necessary.
Justification of the layout and parameters of a pneumatic slot atomizer with a flow chamber
Authors: Tsybulevsky Valery V. , Tarasenko Boris F. , Troyanovskaya Irina P. , Voinash Sergey A. , Partko Svetlana A. , Zagidullin Ramil R.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: One of the measures that helps to maintain the productivity of fruit and berry crops is chemical treatment with herbicides. For perennial crops, a certain difficulty lies in the high-quality processing of the tree trunk zone. In addition, not all sprayers ensure uniform dispersion of chemicals.
AIM: Development of the device and justification of its optimal parameters, ensuring uniform chemical treatment of perennial fruit crops, including the tree trunk zone.
METHODS: The design of the new sprayer does not have a pumping device, and the working fluid flows from the tank to the sprayers by gravity. The slot atomizer promotes dispersion into small droplets of uniform size. A protective apron is used to prevent small droplets from being carried away by the wind. For high-quality treatment of the tree trunk area, the sprayer is equipped with a turning device.
RESULTS: The justification for the optimal installation angle of the rotating device was carried out according to the following criteria: the untreated area and the area treated twice. As a result, for processing trees with a trunk diameter of no more than 300 mm, the optimal installation angle of the turning device was 58-60 degrees. The parameters of the slot atomizer were justified based on the criterion of maximal productivity. A maximum fluid flow of 207.4 ml/min can be achieved with a feeding tube opening of 1.897 mm and an air nozzle with a width of 9.492 mm and a height of 0.509 mm.
CONCLUSION: The atomizer design has been proposed, the novelty of which is confirmed by a patent of the Russian Federation. Its optimal parameters are justified to ensure high-quality treatment with liquid chemical pesticides.
Affordable Luxury Consumption Among of Russian Millennials
Authors: Strizhak Anna Yu. ,   National Open Institute in St. Petersburg
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the issue of conspicuous consumption of affordable luxury among representatives of Generation Y in Russia. Conspicuous consumption refers to competitive waste practices aimed at showing others belonging to the upper social class through the use of specific status symbols – luxury goods. Luxury goods can satisfy utilitarian, hedonistic and symbolic (social, status) needs. Multiple factors, including social and cultural, can influence consumer motivations. In the conditions of import substitution, it is strategically important to study the motives for consumption of luxury goods by multicultural Russian society in order to develop promotion strategies by producers of goods and services and the development by the state of new axiological guidelines for social policy. Millennials appear to be the most relevant luxury consumer group in scientific literature, therefore they were chosen as the object of study. According to the results of our two-stage sociological research, Russian millennials have the highest preference for goods such as clothing and electronics, while the most famous and desirable brand for them is Apple. The focus group research conducted showed that the price of the iPhone is not commensurate with its quality, Apple's products are not the most advanced compared to similar devices, there are numerous restrictions related to economic sanctions against Russia, and yet respondents showed great brand loyalty. The focus group study identified key motifs of Russian millennials' consumer behavior – ostentation (as opposed to utility and hedonism), as well as the urge to belong to a group of affluent consumers in order to «keep the front going». A conclusion is made about the need for Russian society to transition from a model of total consumerism to a model of responsible consumption, in which luxury producers and the state will play a key role.
Functioning of Homeless People in Germany – Analysis of Individual Cases
Authors: Bocheńska-Brandt Anna , Kanios Anna
Published: July 2024

The issue of homelessness exists in every county and even the wealthiest have not managed to eliminate it. Countries with a highly-developed system of homeless people assistance record the largest number of them in their statistics. At the beginning of 2023, the number of homeless people in Germany amounted to 372,000. The purpose of the research was to diagnose the functioning of homeless people in Germany and to show their individual life experiences. The method used was a narrative interview according to Mayring. The research was carried out within the territory of Westphalia, and in the institutional meaning, the research area was the Social and Educational Care Home. As a result of the research, it turned out that the causes of homelessness, among others, include: arrears in rent payments and related evictions, unemployment, as well as divorces, death of a partner and addictions. Homeless people are rather satisfied with the fact that they live in the Social and Educational Care Home, which provides homeless men with food, housing and all kinds of support services.
What Do Poles Fear in Old Age and How Do They Plan to Organize This Phase of Their Life?
Authors: Adamczyk Monika
Published: July 2024

Analysing ageing, fears associated with this phase of life are important research subject. In this context, the following research questions seem to be crucial: What is awareness of the necessity to prepare for this phase of life in terms of planned coping strategies in difficult situations? What strategies of organizing life in old age are the most popular among adult Poles? Do representatives of different age groups differ in this respect and do they have different fears related to old age? This article attempts to answer these questions related to planning for old age. The analyses presented in the text are based on empirical research carried out by means of a diagnostic survey (face-to-face interviews) using a computer-assisted interview questionnaire technique. CAPI (Computer-Assisted Personal Interview) interviews were conducted in respondents’ homes on a nationwide random sample of households – 1,006 Poles aged 15 and over. The sampling frame was the PESEL number. The collected data show that, regardless of age, adult Poles strongly prefer strategies for organizing their life in old age based on staying in their own home and using a natural support system based on the primary network, i.e. ties with children, spouse and extended family.
Football Hooliganism as a Socio-Political Phenomenon: Motivation, Manifestations, and Prevention Strategies
Authors: Jusko Peter , Wallin Weihe Hans-Jørgen
Published: July 2024

Football hooliganism represents a complex socio-political phenomenon with varying degrees of occurrence and severity in different regions worldwide. The article explores the multifaceted motivation, manifestations, and prevention strategies of hooliganism, drawing on literary sources, political documents, published research, and personal experiences in social work and match attendance. From the historical roots of hooliganism to its current manifestations, including its political dimensions and the dynamics of digital communication, the article provides a thematic analysis of the motivation and expressions of football hooliganism. Furthermore, it addresses strategies for the prevention and elimination of football hooliganism, including efforts to enforce laws, corrective measures, community interventions, and preventive social work. By addressing the challenges posed by football hooliganism, the authors aim to contribute to the development of effective strategies to combat this societal issue.
Keefektifan Konseling Kelompok Cognitive Behavioral dengan Teknik Self-Talk untuk Mengurangi Kecemasan Mahasiswa Semester Akhir dalam Penyelesaian Skripsi
Authors: Savitri Lia Luthfi , Ramli M. , Multisari Widya
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral group counseling with self-talk techniques to reduce anxiety in final-semester students. This research is included in quantitative research with experimental methods, and the research design used is one group pretest and posttest design. The research population is 2018 class students at Universitas Negeri Malang who are completing their thesis. We are taking research subjects using a purposive sampling technique. The subjects in this study were five students with high anxiety levels. Cognitive behavioral group counseling with self-talk techniques was carried out in seven sessions: one pre-counseling session, five counseling sessions, and one post-counseling session. We developed an anxiety scale instrument based on Nolen's theory. Based on the pretest and posttest results, it is known that cognitive-behavioral group counseling with self-talk techniques effectively reduces final semester student anxiety in completing thesis.
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan konseling kelompok cognitive behavioral dengan teknik self-talk untuk mengurangi kecemasan mahasiswa semester akhir. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen dan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah one group pretest and posttest design. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa angkatan 2018 Universitas Negeri Malang yang sedang menyelesaikan skripsi. Pengambilan subjek penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah lima mahasiswa yang memiliki tingkat kecemasan tinggi. Konseling kelompok kognitif behavioral dengan teknik self-talk dilakukan sebanyak tujuh sesi yaitu, satu sesi pra konseling, lima sesi konseling, dan satu sesi pasca konseling. Pengembangan instrumen skala kecemasan berdasarkan teori Nolen. Berdasarkan hasil pretest dan posttest diketahui bahwa konseling kelompok kognitif behavioral dengan teknik self-talk efektif untuk mengurangi kecemasan mahasiswa semester akhir dalam penyelesaian skripsi.
Modernitás nélkül : Pierre Bourdieu „időtlen” történeti szociológiájának erénye és rokonsága a posztkoloniális kritikával
Authors: Éber Márk Áron
Published: July 2024

E tanulmány három kérdésre keresi a választ: (1) volt-e Pierre Bourdieu-nek modernitáselmélete? (2) Hogyan vélekedett a tradicionális és modern, illetve a modern és posztmodern (vagy későmodern) társadalmak különbségeiről? (3) Mi magyarázhatja, hogy elvetette a modernitás elméletét? A tanulmány e kérdésekre választ keresve három állítást fogalmaz meg. Az első: Pierre Bourdieu számára a modernitás nem kitüntetett jelentőségű korszak, lényegében nincsen sem modernitáselmélete, sem modernizációelmélete. A második: ezt nem munkássága hibájaként vagy hiány(osság)aként, hanem éppen ellenkezőleg, az erényeként érdemes értékelnünk. A harmadik: Pierre Bourdieu e döntése mögött a gyarmati alávetés elutasítása és a modernitás koncepciójával szembeni posztkoloniális kritikáéval rokon bírálat húzódhat meg.
Evaluating Current Techniques for Detecting Vulnerabilities in Ethereum Smart Contracts
Authors: Maddula Sai Sirisha
Published: July 2024

Ethereum intelligent contract security must be guaranteed since these decentralized apps oversee large-scale financial transactions independently. To strengthen the dependability and credibility of Ethereum smart contracts, this paper assesses existing methods for finding weaknesses in them. The primary goals are to evaluate how well hybrid approaches, formal verification, dynamic analysis, and static analysis find vulnerabilities. Methodologically, a thorough assessment of available resources and instruments was carried out to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. Important discoveries show that although static analysis covers a large area, it ignores runtime-specific problems and produces false positives. While highly effective in finding runtime vulnerabilities, dynamic analysis is resource-intensive. High assurance is provided by formal verification, although it is complex and resource-intensive. Hybrid approaches combine several approaches to provide a well-rounded strategy but must be used carefully. The policy implications emphasize that to limit risks effectively, it is crucial to embrace multifaceted security techniques, set explicit norms, and promote easily accessible verification tools. This research advances our knowledge of smart contract security and guides policymakers and developers on securing blockchain applications.
Debates en la teorización de los derechos de la infancia desde el enfoque de los derechos humanos
Authors: Tobón Berrio Luz Estela , Isaza Gutiérrez Juan Pablo
Published: July 2024

El objetivo del artículo es exponer los debates en la fundamentación teórica de los derechos de los niños que obstaculizan la progresión en el reconocimiento de su capacidad en tanto actores en el plano social y jurídico. Se presenta un contexto sobre el reconocimiento de la dignidad humana del niño, tejido por la historiografía de la infancia. Luego, se exponen los debates acerca de la titularidad de derechos en cabeza de los infantes, enquistados en las principales teorías sobre la fundamentación de los derechos subjetivos; se suman las discusiones al uso del lenguaje de los derechos para referir la protección a la niñez. La crítica a cómo las teorías sobre los derechos no alcanzan hoy a fundamentar el desarrollo de los derechos de los infantes es un llamado a salir de la conformidad que la ‍‍Convención de 1989 produjo en la comunidad jurídica.
La protección reforzada de la madre trabajadora en la jurisdicción constitucional peruana
Authors: Spinoza Escobar Javier H.
Published: July 2024

A partir de diversas sentencias del Tribunal Constitucional peruano, se analiza su labor garantista de los derechos de las madres trabajadoras del ámbito público y privado. Se plantea que —caso a caso— ha cumplido un rol transformador de una realidad en la que, pese a los avances legislativos, la madre trabajadora continúa siendo un sujeto vulnerable. Para cumplir su rol protector y dotar de efectiva vigencia a los derechos fundamentales de la madre trabajadora ha recurrido a la cláusula constitucional de protección reforzada, ampliando al máximo posible los supuestos de protección, dada la vis expansiva de los derechos fundamentales de la maternidad y a una interpretación extensiva de las normas. También ha tomado en cuenta los tratados vinculados con la maternidad y la interpretación que de estos se ha efectuado; así como la experiencia comparada, a fin de idear soluciones concretas en busca de la igualdad real.
Front Matter
Authors: Law Review Indiana
Published: July 2024

Includes Tribute to Andy Kerr by Susanah Mead and Joan Ruhtenberg.
Epicardial Fat Thickness as a Predictor of Ventricular Extrasystoles
Authors: Göçer Kemal , Öztürk Bayram , Kaniyolu Murat , Çalışgan Elisa , Tekinalp Mehmet , Altınsoy Meltem
Published: July 2024

Aim. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a layer between the myocardium and the epicardium, similar to the intra-abdominal adipose tissue. Many cardiovascular diseases have been associated with increased EAT. Limited proof exists that EAT contributes to ventricular extrasystoles (VES). In this study, we aimed to examine the role of EAT on VES.Material and methods. 266 subjects were included in this prospective study between April 2022 and March 2023. They underwent a 12‑lead electrocardiogram, 24‑hour Holter monitoring, and echocardiography. The subjects were divided into two groups: the VES Group (n=134) (>60 VES / hr) and the non-VES Group (n=132) (<10 VES / hr) group. In addition, severe VES were defined as ≥10.000 VES / 24‑hr. EAT and other variables were compared between the non-VES and VES groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to find the factors affecting VES, and an ROC analysis was used to determine the cut-off values of the variables.Results. EAT was higher in the VES group (p<0.001). In pairwise comparisons, higher EAT in the VES group was independent of ventricular frequency (p=0.552). Variables affecting the presence of VES were left ventricular mass index (p=0.031), QT dispersion (p=0.010), and EAT (p<0.001). The EAT predicted the presence of VES at a cut-off value of 4.05 with a sensitivity of 54.5 % and a specificity of 81.3 %.Conclusion. This research indicated that increased EAT might be an independent predictor of VES.
PTPN22 rs2488457C˃G and TRAF1-C5 rs10818488A˃G and rs3761847G˃A variants in Mexican mestizo women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Becerra Eduardo , Bello Julian , Ueji Yumi , Herrera Lizbeth , Castellanos Rodrigo , Cobos Rosa , Ramírez Angélica , Pacheco Guillermo
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease with higher prevalence in women. Single nucleotide variants in genes involved in the regulation of autoreactive cells, such as PTPN22 rs2488457C˃G, and TRAF1-C5 rs10818488A˃G and rs3761847G˃A, have been associated with the disease in some populations; however, little is known about these variants in the Mexican mestizo population. Aim: We analyzed whether these variants are associated with lupus in women from Central Mexico and Yucatan. Methods: DNA samples from two hundred female patients with lupus (100 from Yucatan and 100 from Central Mexico) and 200 female healthy controls (100 from Yucatan and 100 from Central Mexico) were genotyped. Allelic and genotypic frequencies of variants were calculated and their association with lupus was analyzed. Results: Distribution of risk allele PTPN22 rs2488457G ranged 36% to 48%, while TRAF1-C5 rs10818488A and rs3761847G ranged from 34% to 40%. Heterozygous C/G was the most frequent for PTPN22 rs2488457 in all studied groups, while TRAF1-C5 heterozygous genotype was the most frequent in cases of Yucatan and controls from Central Mexico. However, we did not find significant differences in allelic and genotypic frequencies of PTPN22 and TRAF1-C5 variants, neither its haplotypes between cases and controls, suggesting a lack of association for lupus in the two Mexican populations. Conclusion: The PTPN22 rs2488457C˃G and TRAF1-C5 rs10818488A˃G and rs3761847G˃A variants do not confer susceptibility with the development of lupus in both studiedpopulations. However, the strong linkage disequilibrium observed in the TRAF1-C5 haplotypes suggests that they are co-inherited together and could be involved in the development of the disease in association with other genes or risk factors, as well as the Caucasian influence.
Epistolarne kontakty księdza Félicité Roberta de Lamennais i Laury z Potockich Tarnowskiej w latach 1829-1833
Authors: Dąbrosz-Drewnowska Paulina , Kiper Daniel
Published: July 2024

W prezentowanej edycji źródłowej dokonano przekładu korespondencji między Félicité Robertem de Lamennais a Laurą z Potockich Tarnowską prowadzoną w latach 1829-1933, czyli w okresie znaczących wydarzeń dziejowych zarówno dla krajów pochodzenia autorów, jak i ich osobistych biografii. Listy dostarczają ważnych informacji na temat sytuacji Kościoła katolickiego we Francji i Królestwie Polskim na tle aktywnej działalności francuskiego duchownego w kontekście odnowy Kościoła, zwłaszcza na drodze zaszczepienia nowoczesnych inicjatyw duszpasterskich i edukacyjnych. Pokazują również próby przeszczepienia pomysłów odnowy religijnej, szczególnie w zakresie nauczania na gruncie polskim. Epistolarny dialog jest także świadectwem relacji między Laurą Tarnowską a ks. Lamennais’m – jej mentorem i przewodnikiem duchowym, przejawiającej się w swobodnie wyrażanych emocjach, przemyśleniach i opiniach na tematy religijne oraz społeczno-polityczne.
Obraz wysiedleń ludności Zamojszczyzny w Dzienniku z lat okupacji Zamojszczyzny (1939-1944) Zygmunta Klukowskiego oraz na Kartach męczeństwa Zamojszczyzny. Dziennika spisanego pod okupacją hitlerowską Adama Mastalińskiego
Authors: Sokołowski Paweł
Published: July 2024

Cel artykułu stanowiło porównanie obrazu wysiedleń ludności Zamojszczyzny w dziennikach pisanych przez Zygmunta Klukowskiego (1885-1959) oraz Adama Mastalińskiego (1899-1963). Pierwszy z autorów znany jest m.in. ze swojego Dziennika z lat okupacji Zamojszczyzny (1939-1944) (Zamość 2020), drugi – z Kart męczeństwa Zamojszczyzny. Dziennika spisanego pod okupacją hitlerowską (Zwierzyniec 2011). Powzięty zamiar zrealizowano w trzech punktach. Najpierw ukazano wysiedlenia w ujęciu Z. Klukowskiego, a następnie A. Mastalińskiego. Ostatni punkt dotyczył wniosków, jakie płynęły z przeprowadzonych analiz. Warto podkreślić, że w odniesieniu do każdego z autorów szczegółowo omówiono następujące kwestie: przebieg wysiedleń, metody stosowane przez Niemców, metody obrony przed wysiedleniami stosowane przez Polaków, emocje towarzyszące wysiedleniom. We wnioskach wskazano na podobieństwa występujące między dziennikami Z. Klukowskiego oraz A. Mastalińskiego (dążenie do zachowania pamięci o zbrodniach niemieckich w formie dziennika, relacjonowanie wydarzeń dziejących się na podobnym terenie). Podkreślono także różnice. Wskazano, że wynikają one z przyjętych celów, jakie swoim dziennikom stawiali ich autorzy: dziennik jako dokument mający wartość historyczną według Z. Klukowskiego, dziennik jako „przyjaciel-powiernik” i dziennik osobisty w ujęciu A. Mastalińskiego. Mimo różnic relacje obydwu autorów jawią się jako komplementarne.