bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of the Separate and Concurrent Calibration Methods for the Full-Information Bifactor model
Authors: Kim Kyung Yong
Published: November 2018

When calibrating items using multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models, item response theory (IRT) calibration programs typically set the probability density of latent variables to a multivariate standard normal distribution to handle three types of indeterminacies: (a) the location of the origin, (b) the unit of measurement along each coordinate axis, and (c) the orientation of the coordinate axes. However, by doing so, item parameter estimates obtained from two independent calibration runs on nonequivalent groups are on two different coordinate systems. To handle this issue and place all the item parameter estimates on a common coordinate system, a process called linking is necessary. Although various linking methods have been introduced and studied for the full MIRT model, little research has been conducted on linking methods for the bifactor model. Thus, the purpose of this study was to provide detailed descriptions of two separate calibration methods and the concurrent calibration method for the bifactor model and to compare the three linking methods through simulation. In general, the concurrent calibration method provided more accurate linking results than the two separate calibration methods, demonstrating better recovery of the item parameters, item characteristic surfaces, and expected score distribution.
The association between dehumanization and intimate partner abuse
Authors: Pizzirani Bengianni , Karantzas Gery C.
Published: November 2018

Despite the role that dehumanization is thought to play in facilitating maltreatment toward others, there is a dearth of research regarding the extent to which the perpetration of dehumanization is associated with intimate partner abuse. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to delineate the longitudinal association between the perpetration of dehumanization and the perpetration of emotional and physical abuse within romantic relationships. Latent growth curve modeling was used to determine whether the trajectory (i.e., intercept and slope) of dehumanization across a 6-week period predicted changes in the perpetration of abuse. It was found that a cubic nonlinear increase in dehumanization perpetration (defined by a combination of small decreases and large upsurges) was positively associated with increases in both outcome variables (i.e., emotional and physical abuse). This work directly affirms theory and past empirical evidence that dehumanization is a factor that facilitates the maltreatment of others in the form of abuse. The findings extend on past research by suggesting that the maltreatment of others by way of dehumanization is not confined to intergroup contexts, but rather, can be perpetrated against those whom we regard as our most intimate and closest of ties.
Butorphanol effectively prevents etomidate-induced myoclonus: a pooled analysis of 788 patients
Authors: Zhu Yu , Zhou Chengmao , He Qixiong
Published: November 2018

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of pre-injection of butorphanol on etomidate-induced myoclonus during anesthesia induction.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the ability of butorphanol to prevent etomidate-induced myoclonus were collected by searching PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and WanFang databases, from the day of database establishment until May 2017. The literature was screened independently by two evaluators, and the data were then extracted and independently evaluated. Finally, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.2 software.

Results

Eight RCTs were analyzed. The results of meta-analysis showed that: 1. compared with the control group, butorphanol was effective in preventing etomidate-induced myoclonus [RR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.21]; 2. butorphanol was effective in preventing mild, moderate, and severe etomidate-induced myoclonus [RR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.63; RR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.27; and RR = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.09]; 3. butorphanol did not increase the incidence of dizziness and nausea associated with etomidate.

Conclusions

Butorphanol could reduce the incidence and degree of etomidate-induced myoclonus. Notably, it did not increase the incidence of dizziness and nausea associated with etomidate.
Acculturation and Capital Punishment: The Effect of Mexico Versus United States Cultural Orientations on Public Support for the Death Penalty
Authors: Updegrove Alexander H.
Published: November 2018

Few studies have explored how the intersection of vastly different cultures, like those of the United States and Mexico, influences death penalty support. The present study uses the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans-II to examine whether individuals who are more closely aligned with U.S. culture are more likely to support the death penalty than individuals more closely aligned with Mexican culture. Findings support this conclusion. Findings also reveal that the significance of predictors for death penalty support varies between Mexican- and U.S.-oriented subsamples. Thus, this study reaffirms the importance for researchers to consider cultural context when examining public attitudes toward the death penalty, especially when using samples from a single, multicultural country such as the United States.
Finite element analysis on the out-of-plane compression for paper honeycomb
Authors: Wang Dongmei , Liang Ning , Guo Yanfeng
Published: November 2018

The finite element model for paper honeycomb was constructed, and the finite element method of out-of-plane compression for the paper honeycomb was studied. Then four kinds of paper honeycomb with different structural parameters were simulated and analyzed using finite element software ABAQUS. Moreover, the results obtained from finite element method were verified based on the existing theoretical research results and experimental results, respectively. The results show that stress–strain curves obtained from finite element method clearly show the four deformation stages of the paper honeycomb under out-of-plane compression, which is basically consistent with the trend of the typical curve. The values of initial peak stress, plateau stress and densification strain are close to the theoretical results. The stress–strain curves and deformation contours coincide with experiments well. The differences of initial peak stress σpk, plateau stress σpl and densification strain εD between theoretical, finite element method and experimental results are less than 15%. Therefore, the finite element method can be used to analyze the stress–strain curves and deformation characteristics of paper honeycomb. In addition, the results also show that the thickness of specimen has little effect on the stress and strain. However, people often prefer to use the thicker paper honeycomb to get better cushioning effect in practical applications, which was explained.
The Habermas-Streeck debate revisited: Syriza and the illusions of the left-Europeanism
Authors: Šumonja Miloš
Published: November 2018

The crucial question of the Habermas-Streeck debate on the crisis in Europe was, ‘Should the political forces resisting the de-democratization of capitalism strive for renewal of the European Union through its deeper integration, as per Habremas, or for peaceful dissolution of the European Union and a retreat to a national state, as per Streeck?’ In this article, the arguments of each author are examined against the background of the left-wing Syriza party’s challenge to European austerity in Greece. Three conclusions are drawn. First, Syriza’s nationally charged populism in opposition coincided with Streeck’s considerations. Second, Syriza’s governmental strategy reflected Habermas’s views. Third, Syriza’s sudden rise to power and its subsequent failure to reverse the austerity both substantiate Streeck’s thesis that at the present juncture renationalization of economic policy represents a condition of the possibility for egalitarian politics in Europe.
Women’s Psychological Aggression Toward an Intimate Male Partner: Between the Impulsive and the Instrumental
Authors: Bailey Benjamin
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this article is to explore some underlying mechanisms of women’s psychological aggression in intimate partner violence (IPV), as a phenomenon that requires better understanding and intervention, even in cases when it does not lead to physical violence. Psychological aggression is known to be the most prevalent pattern of IPV for both genders, and its impact on many survivors is known to be equal and sometimes worse than that of physical harm. Despite the fact that most aggressive conflicts between couples do not escalate into physical violence, research mainly addresses psychological aggression in the context of its correlation with it. This article is based on qualitative interviews with 30 women who were in bidirectional abusive heterosexual relationships, who were at least psychologically aggressive toward their male intimate partner, and who were willing to be interviewed about this experience. Results of the phenomenological psychological method of analysis of the interviews are presented, focusing on the women’s personal accounts for using psychological aggression. These accounts are further analyzed from two perspectives: (a) the bimodal classification of impulsive, as opposed to instrumental, aggression; and (b) the client’s perceived need-to-control the partner as opposed to the ability to exercise self-control. The article also discusses implications for theory and practice, especially in the refining of relevant intervention goals with psychologically aggressive women.
Are Bigger Brains Smarter? Evidence From a Large-Scale Preregistered Study
Authors: Nave Gideon , Jung Wi Hoon , Karlsson Linnér Richard , Kable Joseph W. , Koellinger Philipp D.
Published: November 2018

A positive relationship between brain volume and intelligence has been suspected since the 19th century, and empirical studies seem to support this hypothesis. However, this claim is controversial because of concerns about publication bias and the lack of systematic control for critical confounding factors (e.g., height, population structure). We conducted a preregistered study of the relationship between brain volume and cognitive performance using a new sample of adults from the United Kingdom that is about 70% larger than the combined samples of all previous investigations on this subject ( N = 13,608). Our analyses systematically controlled for sex, age, height, socioeconomic status, and population structure, and our analyses were free of publication bias. We found a robust association between total brain volume and fluid intelligence ( r = .19), which is consistent with previous findings in the literature after controlling for measurement quality of intelligence in our data. We also found a positive relationship between total brain volume and educational attainment ( r = .12). These relationships were mainly driven by gray matter (rather than white matter or fluid volume), and effect sizes were similar for both sexes and across age groups.
Pumped storage hydro power’s function in the electricity market under the electricity deregulation background in China – A case study of Fujian province
Authors: Mou Dunguo
Published: November 2018

This paper constructs Fujian province’s independent electricity market system, based on the province’s 500 kV backbone grid structure and key power plants, simulates the electricity market functioning under optimal power flow when it is marketised, and analyses the price fluctuation space for pumped storage hydro power to operate. Because of the spatial distribution characteristics of power plants and demand load nodes, there are differences across the local marginal prices; as demand loads ramp, the local marginal prices fluctuate; when the electricity market is fully deregulated, the price fluctuation scale depends on the design of trading mode and demand supply situation. Electricity price fluctuation provides space for pumped storage hydro power to develop and earn profit; while the pumped storage hydro power arbitrages in the electricity market, it can improve the demand supply situation at valley and peak load periods and depress price soaring, and the social external positive effect is much higher than is pumped storage hydro power’s internal profit. There is no guarantee that pumped storage hydro power can earn profit just by arbitraging in the market. In the end, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions for pumped storage hydro power development and electricity marketisation.
Transformative Learning Through International Project-Based Learning in the Global South: Applying a Students-as-Partners Lens to a “High-Impact” Capstone
Authors: Fortune Tracy , Borkovic Shinead , Bhopti Anoo , Somoza Renee , Nhan Ha Chan , Rangwala Shabnam
Published: November 2018

This article explores the development of students as global citizens, using a Students-as-Partners (SaP) approach in which the partnership focused beyond academic staff in regions that have, politically and geographically, been referred to as the “global south.” We explored the experience of Australian occupational therapy students partnering in a project-based learning internship with community health leaders in India and Vietnam to advance health service needs. In contrast to their previous experiences of studentship in Australia, students felt uneasy with the perception by others of being “all knowing.” This added to the challenge of being creative in contexts where there were limited resources and perceived difficulties in applying their global north understandings. Despite the challenges, these students appear to have navigated a cultural learning journey emerging with new insight into their own and others subjective world views.
Process and Outcomes of a Recursive, Dialogic Member Checking Approach: A Project Ethnography
Authors: Brear Michelle
Published: November 2018

There is limited empirical evidence about member checking, a long-standing qualitative research technique for establishing validity. I conducted directed content analysis of ethnographic data detailing the process and outcomes of a “dialogic” member checking approach I implemented in rural Swaziland. It involved 10 participants, checking results about their participation and empowerment as co-researchers in participatory health research. The process involved participants in four recurring stages: thinking independently, hearing findings, appraising findings, and negotiating final representations. It increased the transferability and accuracy (“transactional” validity) of the results by adding richly descriptive data and establishing the extent of participant agreement with my findings. It had emancipatory outcomes (“transformational” validity) including developing critical understandings, influencing the research trajectory to “give voice” to participants, and establishing more equitable researcher-researched relationships. Further development, implementation, and appraisal of recursive, dialogic approaches can advance member checking as a technique for enhancing “holistic” validity in qualitative health research.
A Seat at the Table: Designing an Activity-Based Community Advisory Committee With People Living With HIV Who Use Drugs
Authors: Switzer Sarah , Chan Carusone Soo , Guta Adrian , Strike Carol
Published: November 2018

Recently, scholars have begun to critically interrogate the way community participation functions discursively within community-based participatory research (CBPR) and raise questions about its function and limits. Community advisory committees (CACs) are often used within CBPR as one way to involve community members in research from design to dissemination. However, CACs may not always be designed in ways that are accessible for communities experiencing the intersections of complex health issues and marginalization. This article draws on our experience designing and facilitating Research Rec’—a flexible, and activity-based CAC for a project about the acute-care hospital stays of people living with HIV who use drugs. Using Research Rec’ as a case study, we reflect on ethical, methodological, and pedagogical considerations for designing and facilitating CACs for this community. We discuss how to critically reflect on the design and facilitation of advisory committees, and community engagement processes in CBPR more broadly.
The Ties That Bind and Unbound Ties: Experiences of Formerly Homeless Individuals in Recovery From Serious Mental Illness and Substance Use
Authors: Pahwa Rohini , Smith Melissa Edmondson , Yuan Yeqing , Padgett Deborah
Published: November 2018

This report explores the nature and quality of social ties of formerly homeless individuals in recovery from serious mental illness and substance abuse and how these ties relate to experiences of community. Using grounded theory and cross-case analysis techniques, we analyzed 34 qualitative interviews conducted with predominantly racial/ethnic minority individuals receiving mental health services. Participants described a range of involvement and experiences in the mental health service and mainstream communities indicating a combination of weak or strong ties in these communities. Across participants, two broad themes emerged: ties that bind and obstacles that “get in the way” of forming social ties. Salient subthemes included those related to family, cultural spaces, employment, substance abuse, stigma and mental health service providers and peers. The current study integrates our understanding of positive and negative aspects of social ties and provides a theoretical framework highlighting the complexity of social ties within mainstream and mental health service communities.
Japanese Men’s Embodied Culinary and Eating Practices: Health, Bodyweight Control, and the Male Self
Authors: Castro-Vázquez Genaro
Published: November 2018

This article presents the outcomes of interview with a group of Japanese men to unveil how bodyweight control was connected to their embodied culinary and eating practices. Aged 24 years to 56 years, participants were from Tokyo and Osaka. Eight of the men identified themselves as “slim-muscular” and one as “beefy.” Nine of them have been called “chubby” and two have been requested to lose weight. Grounded in symbolic interactionism, biopedagogy, gender, and emotion are the three axes used to present the analysis. Participants produced their own version of biopedagogy largely relying on the vegetablization of cooking to cope with healthism and sizeism entrenched in Japanese society. Some cooking and eating practices were underpinned by a pathological relation with food, others represented embodied masculinized practices connected to a recreational viewpoint of food and cooking. Cooking and eating delicious food represented an embodied “happy male self” and the meaning of “what makes life worth living.”
Intravenous Amiodarone and Sotalol Impair Contractility and Cardiac Output, but Procainamide Does Not: A Langendorff Study
Authors: Mackin Charles , DeWitt Elizabeth S. , Black Katherine J. , Tang Xiaoqi , Polizzotti Brian D. , van den Bosch Sarah J. , Alexander Mark E. , Kheir John N.
Published: November 2018

Introduction:

Direct comparison of the effects of antiarrhythmic agents on myocardial performance may be useful in choosing between medications in critically ill patients. Studies directly comparing multiple antiarrhythmic medications are lacking. The use of an experimental heart preparation permits examination of myocardial performance under constant loading conditions.

Methods:

Hearts of Sprague Dawley rats (n = 35, 402-507 g) were explanted and cannulated in working heart model with fixed preload and afterload. Each heart was then exposed to a 3-hour infusion of procainamide (20 µg/kg/min), esmolol (100 or 200 µg/kg/min), amiodarone (10 or 20 mg/kg/d), sotalol (80 mg/m2/d), or placebo infusions (n = 5 per dose). Cardiac output, contractility (dP/dTmax), diastolic performance (dP/dTmin), and heart rate were compared between groups over time by linear mixed modeling.

Results:

Compared with placebo, sotalol decreased contractility by an average of 24% ( P < .001) over the infusion period, as did amiodarone (low dose by 13%, P = .029; high dose by 14%, P = .013). Compared with placebo, mean cardiac output was significantly lower in animals treated with sotalol (by 22%, P = .016) and esmolol 200 μg/kg/min (by 23%, P = .012). Over time, amiodarone decreased cardiac output (20 mg/kg/d, β = −89 [−144, −33] μL/min2 decrease, P = .002) and also worsened diastolic function, decreasing dP/dTmin by ∼18% and 22% ( P = .032 and P = .011, low and high doses, respectively). Procainamide did not have a significant effect on any measures of systolic or diastolic performance.

Conclusions:

In isolated hearts, amiodarone and sotalol depressed myocardial contractility, cardiac output, and diastolic function. However, procainamide did not negatively affect myocardial performance and represents a favorable agent in settings of therapeutic equivalence.
An obstacle problem for elliptic membrane shells
Authors: Ciarlet Philippe G. , Mardare Cristinel , Piersanti Paolo
Published: November 2018

Our objective is to identify two-dimensional equations that model an obstacle problem for a linearly elastic elliptic membrane shell subjected to a confinement condition expressing that all the points of the admissible deformed configurations remain in a given half-space. To this end, we embed the shell into a family of linearly elastic elliptic membrane shells, all sharing the same middle surface [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a domain in [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is a smooth enough immersion, all subjected to this confinement condition, and whose thickness [Formula: see text] is considered as a “small” parameter approaching zero. We then identify, and justify by means of a rigorous asymptotic analysis as [Formula: see text] approaches zero, the corresponding “limit” two-dimensional variational problem. This problem takes the form of a set of variational inequalities posed over a convex subset of the space [Formula: see text]. The confinement condition considered here considerably departs from the Signorini condition usually considered in the existing literature, where only the “lower face” of the shell is required to remain above the “horizontal” plane. Such a confinement condition renders the asymptotic analysis substantially more difficult, however, as the constraint now bears on a vector field, the displacement vector field of the reference configuration, instead of on only a single component of this field.
Should We Use F-Tests for Model Fit Instead of Chi-Square in Overidentified Structural Equation Models?
Authors: McNeish Daniel
Published: November 2018

Debate continues about whether the likelihood ratio test ( T ML) or goodness-of-fit indices are most appropriate for assessing data-model fit in structural equation models. Though potential advantages and disadvantages of these methods with large samples are often discussed, shortcomings concomitant with smaller samples are not. This article aims to (a) highlight the broader small sample issues with both approaches to data-model fit assessment, (b) note that what constitutes a small sample is common in empirical studies (approximately 20% to 50% in review studies, depending on the definition of “small”), and (c) more widely introduce F-tests as a desirable alternative than the traditional T ML tests, small-sample corrections, or goodness-of-fit indices with smaller samples. Both goodness-of-fit indices and comparing T ML to a chi-square distribution at smaller samples leads to overrejection of well-fitting models. Simulations and example analyses show that F-tests yield more desirable statistical properties—with or without normality—than standard approaches like chi-square tests or goodness-of-fit indices with smaller samples, roughly defined as N < 200 or N: df < 3.
The anti-social network: Precarious life in online conversations of the socially withdrawn
Authors: Vainikka Eliisa
Published: November 2018

This article presents an analysis of life-political themes in online discussions about the hikikomori phenomenon, acute social withdrawal. In a Finnish online image-board, socially withdrawn individuals anonymously take part in conversations concerning, for example, welfare and the difficulties of working life. The aim of this study is to bring new perspectives to the discussion about anonymous online communication, and especially its relationship with social exclusion and anti-social behaviour. In the article, I examine how ‘the anti-social’ is produced and understood in this anonymously used forum. Through a thematically constructed textual analysis of online discussions, the following questions are answered: What kinds of life-political themes are found in the discussion concerning social withdrawal? How is the feeling of being an outsider in one’s own society voiced in this online community? What kind of space for public discussion does this specific forum provide? In the online space, an intimate public is formed around shared narratives and the conversations seem to offer at least a space of expressive politics and social criticism for the participants in a situation that is labelled by precariousness.
Critics, politics and cultural legitimation: An exploratory analysis of the Turkish film field
Authors: Yaren Özgür , Karademir Hazır Irmak
Published: November 2018

In this article, we draw on the growing Euro-American literature on cultural recognition, legitimacy, and film criticism and focus on the classificatory struggles taking place in the Turkish film field. We content-analyze the criteria that critics deploy as they review films as recognized by different institutions and actors. Multiple correspondence analysis demonstrates that the distinction between artistic and commercial films is still very prominent. Moreover, the existence of political content in a film elevates its symbolic status, regardless of its production mode. To account for this peculiar finding, we explore a fraction of the reviews qualitatively. Our research contributes to the cultural legitimacy literature by crosschecking the effectiveness of recently posited trends and questioning the role of politics in the process of critical recognition in a specific national context located on the margins of Europe.
Behavior of eccentrically loaded welded hollow spherical joints after elevated-temperature exposure
Authors: Lu Jie , Chen Zhihua , Liu Hongbo , Guo Zimei
Published: November 2018

Welded hollow spherical joint is an extremely widely used connection pattern in space lattice structures. Understanding the behavior of the welded hollow spherical joint after elevated-temperature exposure is critical for the fire damage assessment of the entire space lattice structures. In this study, both experimental and numerical studies were conducted to reveal the mechanical behavior of eccentrically loaded welded hollow spherical joints subjected to eccentric loads after cooling from three elevated temperatures up to 1000°C, wherein two different methods were considered, namely, air and water cooling. Associate mechanical performance, such as load versus longitudinal displacement and load versus steel tube rotation responses, initial stiffness, load-bearing capacities, and strain development, were obtained and further analyzed. The results showed that the behavior of welded hollow spherical joints began to change when the exposure temperatures exceeded 600°C, with obvious reductions in both stiffness and strength. In addition, the influences of different cooling methods were significant. The joints cooled by water generally presented higher load-bearing capacities than those cooled by air. Furthermore, three-dimensional finite element analysis was conducted via ABAQUS software. After validating the finite element model against experimental results, parametric studies were performed and a practical formula was proposed to calculate the load-bearing capacity of welded hollow spherical joints subjected to eccentric load after elevated-temperature exposure.
Disclosure of alcohol-related harm: Children’s experiences
Authors: Tamutienė Ilona , Jogaitė Birutė
Published: November 2018

Objectives:

(1) to learn to whom children disclose experiences of harm caused by their parents’ or carers’ substance abuse, (2) to show whether professionals enable children to disclose this harm, and (3) to highlight what kind of assistance they provide after disclosure of harm.

Methods:

The study is based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with children living with alcohol-abusing caregivers in Lithuania. Twenty-three children, aged from 8 to 18 years, from social risk families participated in this study.

Results:

Children suffer not only from the maltreatment itself, but also from the associative stigma of the caregivers’ drinking. They prefer to disclose their troubles in informal settings because professionals often do not help children to disclose harm and may even ignore it.

Conclusion:

The analysis shows that when children reveal parental alcohol problems, there is no inquiry, follow-up, or management of the children’s problems related to the caregivers’ drinking. And yet, protective factors such as social support and positive experiences may enhance children’s resilience in adverse conditions. Policy-makers should reduce barriers to disclosure and refocus their strategies from risk identification to identification of protective factors. Professionals need to develop an understanding about how they can support children to disclose harms related to the caregivers’ drinking so that harms to children can be managed sensitively and well.
Drivers of intentions to use healthcare information systems among health and care professionals
Authors: Ljubicic Vladimir , Ketikidis Panayiotis H , Lazuras Lambros
Published: November 2018

Although investment in healthcare technology is rapidly increasing, the readiness to use emerging technologies among healthcare professionals is still low. The present study relies on an integrated model derived from the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and the diffusion of innovation model to assess the factors that predicted healthcare professionals’ intentions to use healthcare information systems. Using a cross-sectional correlational design, 105 healthcare professionals (M age = 41.06, standard deviation = 9.18; 49% consultants and General Practitioners (GPs); 56.2% females) from hospitals in England completed online structured questionnaires. One-way analysis of variance showed that there were no differences in healthcare information systems usage intentions, unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and diffusion of innovation variables between consultants/GPs and non-medical staff (i.e. nurses and administration staff). Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the integrative model predicted 78.1 per cent (adjusted R2) in intentions to use healthcare information systems, and variables from both unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and the diffusion of innovation had significant effects. Moderated regression analysis further revealed that the interaction between voluntariness and effort expectancy, and voluntariness and social influence significantly predicted usage intentions on top of the main effects of the individual predictors. This poses direct implications for both practice and theory in this field. Future research should consider the predictive validity of integrative theoretical models of technology acceptance and utilization in healthcare settings.
Usability aspects of medication-related decision support systems in the outpatient setting: A systematic literature review
Authors: Hardenbol Alec Xander , Knols Bram , Louws Mathijs , Meulendijk Michiel , Askari Marjan
Published: November 2018

In this study, we evaluated the usability aspects of medication-related clinical decision support systems in the outpatient setting. Articles published between 2000 and 2016 in Scopus, PubMed and EMBASE were searched and classified into three usability aspects: Effectiveness, Efficiency and Satisfaction. Using Van Welie et al.’s usability model, we categorized usability aspects in terms of usage indicators and means. Out of the 1999 articles, 24 articles met the selection criteria of which the main focus was on reducing inappropriate medication, prescription rate and prescription errors. Evidence could mainly be found for Effectiveness and showed high rates of positive results in reducing medication errors. To date, the effects of Efficiency and Satisfaction of clinical decision support systems regarding medication prescription remain understudied. Usability aspects such as memorability, learnability, adaptability, shortcuts and consistency require more attention. Studies are needed for better insight into the user model and to design a knowledge/task model for clinical decision support systems regarding medication prescription.
Go figural: crop circle research and the extraordinary rifts of landscape
Authors: Kingsbury Paul
Published: November 2018

In recent years, cultural geographers have begun to scrutinize the relationships between the ‘ordinary’ and the ‘extraordinary’. These studies assert that the ordinary and extraordinary are not fixed and discrete, but rather, mutable and connected. The main goal of this article is to explore how landscape can combine the ordinary and the extraordinary by reflecting on my participation in the 2017 Summer Lectures Crop Circle Conference in Devizes, England, and drawing on Jean-François Lyotard’s work, Discourse, Figure (1971). My argument is that crop circles and the conference participants’ research practices landscape the ordinary and extraordinary by magnifying disruptive yet alluring rifts ( écarts) between textual acts of reading and visual acts of seeing. I illustrate how such rifts, which Lyotard aligns with ‘figural space’ ( l’espace figurai), occur on and off the conference site as follows: first, through an awkward slowness demanded by drawing crop circles in a sacred geometry workshop; second, as a result of the opaque thickness of the local countryside wherein researchers struggled to locate crop circles in fields and navigate country lanes; and third, in the operations of desire in group consciousness workshops that propelled disagreements over how to access the sacred. The article concludes by acknowledging some of the limitations of my reading of figural space, as well as some reasons why we should ‘go figural’ in cultural geography.
Advancing the Science of Collaborative Problem Solving
Authors: Graesser Arthur C. , Fiore Stephen M. , Greiff Samuel , Andrews-Todd Jessica , Foltz Peter W. , Hesse Friedrich W.
Published: November 2018

Collaborative problem solving (CPS) has been receiving increasing international attention because much of the complex work in the modern world is performed by teams. However, systematic education and training on CPS is lacking for those entering and participating in the workforce. In 2015, the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), a global test of educational progress, documented the low levels of proficiency in CPS. This result not only underscores a significant societal need but also presents an important opportunity for psychological scientists to develop, adopt, and implement theory and empirical research on CPS and to work with educators and policy experts to improve training in CPS. This article offers some directions for psychological science to participate in the growing attention to CPS throughout the world. First, it identifies the existing theoretical frameworks and empirical research that focus on CPS. Second, it provides examples of how recent technologies can automate analyses of CPS processes and assessments so that substantially larger data sets can be analyzed and so students can receive immediate feedback on their CPS performance. Third, it identifies some challenges, debates, and uncertainties in creating an infrastructure for research, education, and training in CPS. CPS education and assessment are expected to improve when supported by larger data sets and theoretical frameworks that are informed by psychological science. This will require interdisciplinary efforts that include expertise in psychological science, education, assessment, intelligent digital technologies, and policy.
My First Time Hurt: Using Preschool PTSD Treatment to Address PTSD Symptoms in a Young Girl With a History of Pediatric Cancer
Authors: Stephenson J’Nelle , Renk Kimberly
Published: November 2018

This case study followed a 4-year-old Caucasian female in cancer remission who presented with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Given the age of this young girl and the health difficulties that she experienced, the preschool PTSD treatment (PPT) manual was implemented to address her distressing symptoms. In addition, it was important to include this young girl’s primary caregiver at each step of the treatment process. Following treatment, this young girl demonstrated significant improvement in her symptomology, as measured quantitatively and qualitatively. Further, this young girl was able to utilize the skills and techniques that she learned and generalize them to other circumstances that caused discomfort or emotional difficulty for her. This case study also demonstrated that incorporating intensive parental involvement with PPT can further the reduction of PTSD symptoms in young children who have experienced medically related trauma.
Recurrent Neck Lymphangioma in a Young Adult: Twenty-Three Years After Successful Treatment
Authors: Kotsis Thomas , Exarchos Georgios , Metaxa Linda , Triantos Stylianos
Published: November 2018

Lymphangiomas are rare benign malformations of the lymphatic system, commonly present in children, over the head and neck area. Occasionally, they can grow significantly in size and especially those located over the cervical region can cause airway obstruction and become life-threatening. Recurrent lymphangiomas usually occur during the early postsurgical period and 80% of them within the first 3 to 5 years. However, in a new onset of clinical manifestations affecting the head and neck, even many years after the successful surgical treatment, a recurrent lymphangioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis. We present herein the second reported case, to our knowledge, of a recurrent left-sided neck lymphangioma in a young man, 23 years after a successful surgical treatment that initially took place 6 weeks after his birth.
An improved supervisory protocol for automatic selection of routing protocols in environment-aware vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Wahid Ishtiaq , Ikram Ata Ul Aziz , Ahmad Masood , Ullah Fasee
Published: November 2018

With resource constraint’s distributed architecture and dynamic topology, network issues such as congestion, latency, power awareness, mobility, and other quality of service issues need to be addressed by optimizing the routing protocols. As a result, a number of routing protocols have been proposed. Routing protocols have trade-offs in performance parameters and their performance varies with the underlying mobility model. For designing an improved vehicular ad hoc network, three components of the network are to be focused: routing protocols, mobility models, and performance metrics. This article describes the relationship of these components, trade-offs in performance, and proposes a supervisory protocol, which monitors the scenario and detects the realistic mobility model through analysis of the microscopic features of the mobility model. An analytical model is used to determine the best protocol for a particular mobility model. The supervisory protocol then selects the best routing protocol for the mobility model of the current operational environment. For this, EstiNet 8.1 Simulator is used to validate the proposed scheme and compare its performance with existing schemes. Simulation results of the proposed scheme show the consistency in the performance of network throughout its operation.
Lost in uncertainty: How the Euro crisis affected European identity constructions in national media discourses
Authors: Lichtenstein Dennis , Eilders Christiane
Published: November 2018

The Euro crisis has revealed severe conflicts between EU member states and challenged a shared European identity. This article investigates how the crisis was reflected in identity constructions in media discourses in EU key countries. European identity construction is conceptualized as framing of the EU in favour or against belonging to the EU and togetherness with other members. Conducting a systematic content analysis of two weekly newspapers and magazines in Germany, France and the UK, we compare identity constructions between 2011 and 2014. Findings show that while support of belonging to the EU is low in general, the countries differ remarkably in terms of their sense of togetherness. This particularly applies to strong or weak political integration, market regulation or market freedom and financial stability or impulses for economic growth. The positions reflect long-term political conflicts between the countries but are also flexible enough to adapt to the particular event context.
Tibial Nerve Palsy After Lateralizing Calcaneal Osteotomy
Authors: Stødle Are Haukåen , Molund Marius , Nilsen Fredrik , Hellund Johan Castberg , Hvaal Kjetil
Published: November 2018

Background: Lateralizing calcaneal osteotomy (LCO) is a common procedure used to correct hindfoot varus. Several complications have been described in the literature, but only a few articles describe tibial nerve palsy after this procedure. Our hypothesis was that tibial nerve palsy is a common complication after LCO. Methods: A retrospective study of patients undergoing LCO for hindfoot varus between 2007 and 2013 was performed. A total of 15 patients (18 feet) were included in the study. The patients were examined for tibial nerve deficit, and all the patients were examined with a computed tomography (CT) scan of both feet. Patients with a preexisting neurological disease were excluded. The primary outcome was tibial nerve palsy, and the secondary outcomes were reduction of the tarsal tunnel volume, the distance from subtalar joint to the osteotomy, and the lateral step at the osteotomy evaluated by CT scans. Results: Three of the 18 feet examined had tibial nerve palsy at a mean follow-up of 51 months. The mean reduction in tarsal tunnel volume when comparing the contralateral nonoperated foot to the foot operated with LCO was 2732 mm3 in the group without neurological deficit and 2152 mm3 in the group with neurological deficit (P = .60). Conclusion: 3 of 18 feet had tibial palsy as a complication to LCO. We were not able to show that a larger decrease in the tarsal tunnel volume, a more anterior calcaneal osteotomy, or a larger lateral shift of the osteotomy is associated with tibial nerve palsy.

Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Retrospective case series
Large-scale loyalty card data in health research
Authors: Nevalainen Jaakko , Erkkola Maijaliisa , Saarijärvi Hannu , Näppilä Turkka , Fogelholm Mikael
Published: November 2018

Objective

To study the characteristics of large-scale loyalty card data obtained in Finland, and to evaluate their potential and challenges in health research.

Methods

We contacted the holders of a certain loyalty card living in a specific region in Finland via email, and requested their electronic informed consent to obtain their basic background characteristics and grocery expenditure data from 2016 for health research purposes. Non-participation and the characteristics and expenditure of the participants were mainly analysed using summary statistics and figures.

Results

The data on expenditure came from 14,595 (5.6% of those contacted) consenting loyalty card holders. A total of 68.5% of the participants were women, with an average age of 46 years. Women and residents of Helsinki were more likely to participate. Both young and old participants were underrepresented in the sample. We observed that annual expenditure represented roughly two-thirds of the nationally estimated annual averages. Customers and personnel differed in their characteristics and expenditure, but not so much in their most frequently bought items.

Conclusions

Loyalty card data from a major retailer enabled us to reach a large, heterogeneous sample with fewer resources than conventional surveys of the same magnitude. The potential of the data was great because of their size, coverage, objectivity, and long periods of dynamic data collection, which enables timely investigations. The challenges included bias due to non-participation, purchases in other stores, the level of detail in product grouping, and the knowledge gaps in what is being consumed and by whom. Loyalty card data are an underutilised resource in research, and could be used not only in retailers’ activities, but also for societal benefit.
The nervous system and genomics in endometriosis
Authors: Barrera Villa Zevallos Héctor , Markham Robert , Manconi Frank
Published: November 2018

Endometriosis is a gynaecological disease that occurs in approximately 10% to 15% of women of reproductive age and up to 47% of infertile women. The presence of implants of endometrial-like glands and stroma outside the uterus, characteristic of this disease, induce a wide variety of symptoms, mainly pelvic pain and infertility. Women suffering from this condition experience great distress, which significantly affects their quality of life. Numerous studies attempting to decipher the pathogenic mechanisms of endometriosis have been conducted around the world, yet its aetiology still remains unknown. It is widely believed that in women with endometriosis, the endometrium has characteristic features that allow the formation of implants once fragments have entered the peritoneal cavity through retrograde menstruation. Furthermore, a strong genetic tendency to develop the disease has been reported among patients and first-degree relatives. Thanks to the recent technological advances achieved in genomics and bioinformatics, a number of studies have had the potential to analyse several aspects of the pathogenesis of endometriosis from a genetic perspective. Due to the recent identification of nerve fibres in the endometrium of women with endometriosis, research on the neurogenesis of the disease has increased in the past few years. However, the genetic aspects of nerve growth in endometriosis have not been analysed in depth and further research providing important insights into the mechanisms that mediate pain in affected patients has the potential to contribute substantially to the future management of the condition.
Indo-Iranian trade and Indian merchants in Iran in the seventeenth century
Authors: Chaudhry Sushil
Published: November 2018

Commercial relations between India and Iran have existed since antiquity, but they particularly flourished from the latter part of the sixteenth century to the earlier part of the eighteenth century. Partly, this could be due to greater degree of security on the land routes established under the two contiguous empires, the Mughal and the Safavid. Partly also, it owed much to the changing pattern of Eurasian commerce: Iran obtained increasing amount of silver from Europe in return for its silk, and with this augmented supply of silver, Iran could buy more Indian goods, especially textiles. Much too was owed to the enterprise of merchants, the Armenians of New Julfa and the large members of Indian merchants (Multanis and Gujaratis) who, practically settled in Iran, engaged in both commerce and usury.1
Book review: Irfan Habib, A People’s History of India No. 30: The Indian National Movement Origins and Early Phase, to 1918
Authors: Mahajan Sucheta
Published: November 2018

Irfan Habib, A People’s History of India No. 30: The Indian National Movement Origins and Early Phase, to 1918. Aligarh Historians Society (New Delhi: Tulika), 2018, X + 120 pp., ₹280 (Hb).