bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Healthcare professionals’ knowledge and practices in managing ototoxicity in children with cancer
Authors: Ramnarian Kajal , Paken Jessica
Published: November 2024

Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy poses a risk of ototoxic hearing loss, the effects of which can be devastating in paediatrics with cancer. Childhood hearing loss significantly impacts speech and language acquisition, and educational, psychosocial and emotional development, consequently negatively impacting quality of life. Adequate knowledge and effective management by healthcare professionals in the team managing paediatrics with cancer are, therefore, pivotal to mitigating the severity and impact on quality of life.Objectives: To describe the knowledge and practices of healthcare professionals on the management of ototoxic hearing loss in children receiving platinum-based chemotherapy drugs.Method: Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from self-administered questionnaires completed by 74 healthcare professionals from two hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Results: While 45 participants (60.8%) identified ototoxicity as a side effect of platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs, 43 (58.1%) identified dose, duration and mode of administration as risk factors, and 43 participants (72.9%) did not know the duration of an ototoxicity monitoring programme post-treatment. Fifty participants (68%) accurately identified most of their roles within the ototoxicity monitoring programme. Most participants (n = 73; 99%) did not fully adhere to Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) ototoxicity monitoring guidelines. However, a positive outcome was that 70 participants (94.6%) acknowledged the importance of the ototoxicity monitoring programme for children receiving platinum-based chemotherapy.Conclusion: The current study demonstrates a clear correlation between healthcare professionals’ practices and their level of knowledge. These findings underscore the importance of improving the knowledge base of healthcare professionals involved in ototoxicity monitoring programme to enhance their practices effectively.Contribution: This study identified areas requiring improvement in managing ototoxicity in this patient group, prompting the inclusion of ototoxicity training. This study supports audiologists in effectively implementing and overseeing ototoxicity monitoring programme.
Anticoagulation Status and Outcome in Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study from South India
Authors: Menon Deepak , Gupta Manisha , Ananthasubramanian Sangeeth Thuppanattumadam , Kulanthaivelu Karthik , Raja Pritam , Ramakrishnan Subasree , Karnam Sangeetha Seshagiri , Saini Jitender , Srijithesh PR , Kulkarni Girish B
Published: November 2024

Background and Objectives:

Early initiation and maintenance of anticoagulation appears to be the mainstay of treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), but the evidence supporting the intensity and duration of anticoagulation is limited.

Methods:

We retrospectively collected data of patients admitted with CVT over a 5-year period, who had a minimum of 6 months of clinical follow-up and three or more prothrombin time international normalized ratio (INR) values spread over 6 months. Data collected included demographic, clinical, and radiologic parameters, anticoagulation status during the follow-up, complications, and clinical status at the last follow-up.

Results:

We identified 204 patients, and the mean age was 34.4 ± 11.1 years. The majority had a provoked etiology (194, 95.1%) for CVT. After initial anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin, all patients transitioned to acenocoumarol or warfarin and this was maintained for a mean duration of 16.02 ± 11.2 months. Time in therapeutic range of INR 2–3 was only 5.1 ± 11.8 percent days and time spent in an INR of 1–1.5 was 68.7 ± 31.8 percent days. The average INR over 6 months was 1.37 ± 0.33. Duration of follow-up was 18.9 ± 13.25 months, and a good outcome was noted in 183 (89.7%) patients. Complications were seen in 29 (14.2%) patients. Multivariate analysis showed only the CVT grading scale score to be an independent predictor of good outcome.

Conclusions:

Maintenance of an intensive level of anticoagulation may not be required in patients with CVT and may be particularly true when a transient and treatable risk factor is the provoking etiology.
Sex-related differences in cognition and its correlation with lipid parameters and sex steroids among community-dwelling older persons in Nigeria
Authors: Mukhtar Isyaku Gwarzo , El-Khashab Mohamed Mabrouk , Salim Muhammad Ali , Ibrahim Salisu Ahmed , Yarube Isyaku Umar
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Studies on sex-related differences in cognition and its correlation with serum lipids and sex steroids in older persons in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are few and inconsistent. Our objectives were to assess: (i) sex-related differences in cognition and (ii) the correlation of cognition with lipid parameters, age, years of formal education, and sex steroids in community-dwelling older persons in Kano state, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

About 143 eligible participants were randomly selected. We used the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic (MoCA-B), verbal fluency test, 10-Item Word List Learning Test (10-IWLLT), delayed word list recall, and Stick Design Test (SDT) to assess cognitive function. Serum lipids were determined using chemical colorimetry, whereas sex steroids were determined using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.

Results:

The results revealed that the participants had a mean age of 66 years. The mean MoCA-B score was 18.84 (males = 20.26, females = 17.73, P = 0.001). Males had better scores in orientation (P = 0.001), abstraction (P = 0.009), naming (P = 0.001), verbal fluency (P = 0.013), delayed word list recall score (P = 0.001), visuo-construction (P = 0.015), and visuo-perception (P = 0.003). Among whole participants, there was a positive correlation between total cholesterol and MoCA-B (r = 0.236, P = 0.005) and between low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and MoCA-B (r = 0.207, P = 0.013). Serum testosterone had positive correlation with MoCA-B score (r = 0.212, P = 0.001) but negative correlation with delayed word list recall (r = −0.218, P = 0.009), and SDT (r = −0.181, P = 0.031); dihydrotestosterone had positive correlation with MoCA-B score (r = 0.210, P = 0.012) but negative correlation with delayed word list recall (r = −0.243, P = 0.003) and SDT (r = −0.183, P = 0.028). Estradiol had a negative correlation with the 10-IWLLT (r = −0.169, P = 0.044).

Conclusion:

This study concludes that males had better cognition than females. Higher levels of serum lipids and sex steroids are related to better cognition in community-dwelling older persons in Nigeria.
Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor: A rare case report
Authors: Mondal Anindita , Islam Ayesha Afreen , Basu Keya , Chatterjee Uttara
Published: November 2024

Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor is a very rare tumor, which mostly occurs in the tongue. Here, we are presenting a case of a 55-year-old man with a swelling in the anterior dorsum of his tongue. The mass was excised and subsequent histopathological examination revealed a subepithelial well-circumscribed mass comprising oval to fusiform tumor cells, arranged in sheets, whorls, and reticular pattern within a prominent chondromyxoid stroma. The tumor cells were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, S100, and vimentin, whereas negative for epithelial membrane antigen and p63 on immunohistochemistry. These tumors have to be differentiated from other myxoid lesions, such as oral focal mucinosis, nerve sheath myxoma, soft tissue myxoma, glial choristoma, and ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts.
A randomized study to compare the efficacy and safety of ketamine, levobupivacaine, and a combination of both as pre-incision surgical site infiltration for providing postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia
Authors: Yadav Anuj , Mullick Parul , Jain Mansi
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

We aimed to compare the postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, requirement of additional analgesia, side-effects, and patient satisfaction among elective hysterectomy patients using ketamine, levobupivacaine, and a combination of both.

Materials and Methods:

A comparative study was conducted on 60 adult females, randomly divided into three groups of Group K: ketamine 1 mg/kg in saline, 20 mL, Group L: levobupivacaine 0.25%, 20 mL, and Group KL: ketamine 1 mg/kg in 0.25% levobupivacaine, 20 mL. The study drug was infiltrated 5 minutes before skin incision. The patient outcomes (hemodynamic parameters, pain, requirement of additional analgesia, and side-effects) were observed during the 24 h after surgery and compared. P < 0.05 was taken for reference in terms of significant results.

Results:

Group KL had the lowest pain VAS score at postoperative 1 h (P = 0.022), 2 h (P = <0.001), and 6 h (P = 0.001). The time of the first dose of pethidine requirement was longer and the cumulative pethidine requirement (24 h) was significantly less in group KL (P < 0.001). Nausea was present in six cases in group K, two cases of Group L, and none from group KL. The patient satisfaction score was significantly greater in group KL (3.30 ± 0.57) as compared to both groups K (1.90 ± 0.44) and L (2.50 ± 0.60), P = 0.0001.

Conclusion:

The combination of ketamine and levobupivacaine is a safe and efficacious alternative as pre-emptive analgesia among patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomies. The combination enhances relief from postoperative pain and provides much better patient satisfaction.
Glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F Inhibits Bone Loss in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Downregulating Interleukin-8/C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tian Ya-Ge , Liu Li-Ling , Qi Ming-Zhu , Yang Jing-Hang , Zhu Pan-Pan , Lin Na , Su Xiao-Hui , Kong Xiang-Ying
Published: November 2024

Objective:

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F (GTW) on bone erosion in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats and osteoclastogenesis.

Materials and Methods:

The effects of GTW on bone destruction were assessed through hematoxylin and eosin analyses and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. In vitro, TRAP staining, F-actin, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were used to evaluate the inhibitory effects of GTW on osteoclast differentiation. In addition, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining techniques were employed to explore the mechanisms of GTW by determining the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8), C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1), and p65.

Results:

GTW slowed the onset of arthritis and reduced arthritis scores. Our mechanistic studies demonstrated that GTW reduced the number of osteoclasts in rats with CIA and significantly suppressed receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand-induced osteoclast differentiation, as evidenced by a decrease in TRAP-positive cells, alterations in F-actin rings, and modulation of osteoclast-specific gene expression. The inhibition of IL-8, CXCR2, NFATc1, and p65 activation by GTW was observed in both CIA rats and osteoclasts. Conversely, the introduction of IL-8 into the osteoclast culture system mitigated the effects of GTW on osteoclast differentiation.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that GTW suppressed osteoclastogenesis and bone loss by inhibiting the IL-8/CXCR2 signaling pathway. These results offer valuable insights into the potential therapeutic role of GTW in rheumatoid arthritis and lay the groundwork for future clinical applications.
Compatibility of Kazhdan and Brauer homomorphism
Authors: Dhar Sabyasachi
Published: November 2024

Let G be a split connected reductive group defined over
$\mathbb {Z}$
. Let F and
$F'$
be two non-Archimedean m-close local fields, where m is a positive integer. D. Kazhdan gave an isomorphism between the Hecke algebras
$\mathrm {Kaz}_m^F :\mathcal {H}\big (G(F),K_F\big ) \rightarrow \mathcal {H}\big (G(F'),K_{F'}\big )$
, where
$K_F$
and
$K_{F'}$
are the mth usual congruence subgroups of
$G(F)$
and
$G(F')$
, respectively. On the other hand, if
$\sigma $
is an automorphism of G of prime order l, then we have Brauer homomorphism
$\mathrm {Br}:\mathcal {H}(G(F),U(F))\rightarrow \mathcal {H}(G^\sigma (F),U^\sigma (F))$
, where
$U(F)$
and
$U^\sigma (F)$
are compact open subgroups of
$G(F)$
and
$G^\sigma (F),$
respectively. In this article, we study the compatibility between these two maps in the local base change setting. Further, an application of this compatibility is given in the context of linkage – which is the representation theoretic version of Brauer homomorphism.
Library of Congress Subject Headings, Dewey Decimal Classification and the Ambiguity of Subject Representation of Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe in American Knowledge Organization Systems
Authors: Sroka Marek
Published: November 2024

The paper examines the classification and subject representation of the concepts of Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe in the context of the knowledge organization, especially historical information, in American research and academic libraries during the Cold War and post-Cold War era. The author argues that classification and subject schemes such as Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) and Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) have reflected the concept of the region, generally referred to as Eastern Europe, as an intellectual and political invention, with its historical biases and ambiguous representation. As will be demonstrated, despite the emergence of new nation states and the expansion of the European Union, the concepts of Central and Eastern Europe as separate entities are still alive as if the Cold War’s East-West division had never ended. The paper concludes with the analysis of the latest changes to DDC and LCSH (or lack thereof) to reflect current conditions in the region.
Oil and Iron. Romania and Sweden from the Perspective of the Great Powers during the Second World War
Authors: Dahlquist Andreea
Published: November 2024

Oil and iron are two natural resources with an inestimable strategic value in the context of wartime economies. The Great Powers perceived oil and iron as essential raw materials in sustaining attritional warfare, while Romania and Sweden leveraged them as currencies in exchange for preserving their sovereignty and territorial integrity. Prior the outbreak of the Second World War, Germany and Great Britain launched their competition to monopolize the oil market in Romania and the iron market in Sweden. As a result, we can identify numerous similarities and differences in the strategies employed by these powers to secure control over the natural resources found in Romania and Sweden. Germany eventually won the battle of resources for a short period. Berlin persuaded Romania to join the Axis, which meant an almost unilateral oil export to the Reich, and convinced the Swedish authorities to approve the shipment of iron ore to Nazi-controlled territories. In 1944, the Allied forces targeted and destroyed Romanian oil refineries and significantly reduced Swedish iron ore exports to German harbors
In the Middle of the Whirlwind: Romania and Poland in the Tripartite Negotiations
Authors: Schipor Bogdan-Alexandru
Published: November 2024

Even if the works dedicated to European diplomacy from the period 1939–1940 are extremely numerous, the research we propose allows us to identify a less common approach, but which can provide more clarity on the diplomatic resources that generated the well-known events in 1939. We opted for an analysis focused on a somewhat novel angle, that of the foreign policy scenarios that ultimately guided the policy of Great Britain, France and the Soviet Union in the period we are referring to – the spring and summer of 1939 – and the place that Poland and Romania occupied within these variants of projects. These possible scenarios generated intense diplomatic agitation in most European capitals in 1939, and Warsaw and Bucharest were no exception. The multitude of variants analyzed in the three European chancelleries ultimately generated actions with deep consequences and dictated by cynical reasons of state but were considered necessary at the time. Therefore, we hereby analyze the motivations that led the great Western powers to opt for negotiations with the Soviet Union, in order to give more consistency to the guarantees granted in the spring of 1939 to Poland, Romania and Greece, but our study also follows the actual evolution of the negotiations, with their endless series of proposals and counterproposals. In this way, we believe, the importance that the British, above all, gave to Eastern European states – we have in mind here, first of all, Poland and Romania – because precisely these countries and, obviously, their destiny, were at stake during these negotiations, failed due to the reluctance of the British to “capitulate” to the growing demands of Moscow, the Soviet-German rapprochement and the conclusion of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact.
“Romanian October” Means Breakthroughs and Revaluations in Romania’s Foreign Policy in the First Half of the 60’s of the 20th Century (From the Windows of the Polish People’s Republic Embassy in Bucharest)
Authors: Nowak Krzysztof
Published: November 2024

After the breakthrough of Polish October 1956, the substantive value of the information contained in the documentation of PPR diplomacy has undoubtedly increased, allowing a better understanding of international relations also between communist countries whose sovereignty was limited. This also applies to the foreign policy of Romania, whose activity in the first half of the 1960s, in the opinion of many historians, led to the country gaining considerable – compared to other Kremlin satellites – independence. The purpose of this article, therefore, is to show, on the basis of surviving sources, how PPR diplomacy perceived and assessed the transformation of Communist Romania’s foreign policy goals, directions and priorities during this period. These eventually led to Romania’s opening up to wider contacts with Western countries, but most importantly to Bucharest’s attempts to undermine the Soviet Union’s dictates in Eastern Bloc foreign policy, through such actions as vetoing Khrushchev’s plans to reform the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance and being cocksure about the Soviet-Chinese conflict. Changes also occurred on domestic grounds, mainly in the cultural sphere, in the form of a programmatic reduction of the influence of Russian and Slavic culture in general, a return to the world of Romanian culture, but also the rise of nationalist sentiment. The diplomacy observing the Romanian transformations and thus the PPR authorities generally supported the de-Stalinization of the “brotherly country” (it was even noted that Romanians referred to their own transition as the “Romanian October”), but were negative about any tendencies that challenged the Kremlin’s dominance in the Eastern Bloc’s foreign policy. The problem, however, was that at the root of the Romanian transition of the first half of the 1960s was also the desire of Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej’s team to avoid a broader de-Stalinization campaign in order to continue in power.
Seeking a Path to Autocephaly for the Church in Ukraine. Relations with the Ecumenical Patriarchate (XX–XXI Century)
Authors: Kuczara Konrad
Published: November 2024

The article presents the history of the process of the Ukrainian Church’s efforts to obtain autocephaly. It discusses the difficult and complicated relations of the Ukrainian Church with the Patriarchate of Constantinople and the role that this Patriarchate played in the process of granting autocephaly. It outlines the complicated history of a Church divided due to the different visions of the various Ukrainian Orthodox communities established in the 20th century. All this contributed to the establishment of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (Ukr. Православна Церква України). It must be emphasised that this process has not been completed yet. The article also describes the role played by the Ukrainian authorities in the process of establishing the autocephalous Church. The process of the constitution of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine as the Church of Ukraine and its stance towards the Russo-Ukrainian war is also shown.
Saving Russia. Neorealist Theorists and the Interpretation of the Kremlin’s International Policy according to the Actor-Network Concept
Authors: Kyrydon Alla , Troyan Serhiy
Published: November 2024

The Russian-Ukrainian war of 2014–2024 and the destructive role of Russia negatively affects regional and global aspects of the life of peoples and states. It has created a threat of serious chaos in international relations. Russia’s aggressive policy has caused a crisis in world politics that even the great powers of today cannot overcome. The return to a new Cold War and the outbreak of a major war in Europe threatens the entire modern international system with dangerous turbulence. The purpose of the study is to analyze the concept of effectiveness and the role of influential international actors in the modern Russian-Ukrainian war in the field of actor-network theory. The research methodology is based on the principles of science, objectivity, historicism and the basic conceptual and theoretical provisions of the study of world politics and international relations. Actor-network theory was introduced by Michel Callon and Bruno Latour in the second half of the 1980s. In accordance with this theory, relations between participants are determined by the network itself and are marked by the intensity and orientation of the network of interactions. In the sense of international relations and world politics, this means that they are under the strong or even decisive influence of powerful international actors (big powers and flexible interstate coalitions). Russia is seen as one of the most influential international players or “core of localities” that interact. Accordingly, other influential international actors are very cautious about the complete break of relations with Russia; they do not consider the possibility of its complete defeat in the aggressive war against Ukraine. Such a position was reflected and substantiated in various theoretical approaches, examples of which are the ideas of neorealism representatives such as John Mearsheimer, Farid Zakaria and Henry Kissinger.
The Involvement of the European Powers in the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922 from the Perspective of the Documents of the Second Department of Polish General Staff (Polish: Oddział II Sztabu Generalnego Wojska Polskiego)
Authors: Grzywański Tomasz
Published: November 2024

Fought between 1919 and 1922, the Greek-Turkish War, also known as the Turkish War of Independence, involved numerous states that were superpowers at the time or aspired to such a role. The primary belligerents, Greece and Turkey (both Sultan loyalists and Kemal Pasha’s nationalists), were intermittently supported by external actors throughout the course of the conflict, including Britain, France, Italy, and Bolshevik Russia. Poland, as a country politically and militarily tied to the Western powers and fighting for its independence and the shape of its borders, was also interested in events in Asia Minor. Through its intelligence and diplomatic services, it received information on the course of this conflict and the aforementioned involvement of third countries. The principal objective of this article is to present the Polish perspective on these events, based on the available archival material of the Second Department of Polish General Staff.
The Legal Position of the Dubrovnik Republic against Turkey in the 15th and Early 16th Century and Its Efforts to Introduce the So-Called “Dubrovnik Duty” in 1521
Authors: Wróbel Piotr
Published: November 2024

The author’s aim was to analyse the legal situation of the Dubrovnik Republic and Dubrovnik merchants operating in the lands subject to the Sultans in the 15th and early 16th centuries. The conclusion was that in the early period the position was secured individually by obtaining salvus conductus. The imposition of vassal status on the Republic by the Turks (finally in 1458) was linked to the necessity of paying tribute, but at the same time there was a uniform regulation of the status of Dubrovnik merchants. During the reigns of Mehmed II and Selim, attitudes towards the Raguzans were hostile (increasing tribute, increasing customs duties) and merchants suffered oppression. The benevolent attitude of the young Suleiman resulted in the institution of the so-called Dubrovnik customs in 1521, whose favourable arrangements became one of the foundations of Raguzan prosperity under the protection of the sultans in the following century.
Governance of Waste Batteries as a Circular Resource: The Role of Policy Actors and Stakeholder Collaboration
Authors: Lee Youhyun , Kim Kyoungmin
Published: November 2024

Objectives : The study aims to address the gap in research on governance strategies for managing used electric vehicle (EV) batteries in Korea. The goal is to explore strategies that enhance governance and promote a sustainable ecosystem for used batteries, positioning them as a circular resource to aid in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector.Methods : An expert survey involving 37 respondents was conducted to gather insights into the governance models for EV battery management. The survey sought to identify key actors and preferred governance models necessary to establish a comprehensive ecosystem for used batteries.Results and Discussion : The survey results revealed that companies (54%) were identified as the primary actors needing adjustments and expanded authority in EV battery governance, followed by the central government (40%) and local governments (5%). Regarding preferred governance models, the Business-to-Government (B2G) model was the most favored (40%), followed by Business-to-Central Government (B2CG) (37%), Business-to-Local Government (B2LG) (16%), and Central Government-to-Local Government (CG2LG) (5%). These findings emphasize the importance of cooperative governance in fostering the growth of the EV battery industry.Conclusion : The study provides valuable insights for developing a sustainable ecosystem for used batteries as a circular resource. The findings offer critical evidence to inform policy formulation, underscoring the need for a collaborative governance framework to support industry growth and sustainability.
Pandemic, Post-pandemic and Podcasting in Museums: Comparison Study of the Most Visited Museums in Poland, Czechia and Slovakia (A Marketing Communications Perspective)
Authors: Peter Mikuláš , Jupowicz-Ginalska Anna , Kučerová Lucia , Dudziak-Kisio Martyna
Published: November 2024

The challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic prompted cultural institutions, including museums, to adapt to widespread closures. This study investigates the role of podcasts as a strategic tool for the most visited museums in Poland, Slovakia and Czechia during and after the pandemic. In the theoretical section, the paper discusses the emergence of podcasts, emphasising their marketing potential and role during the pandemic. The empirical part aims to identify the extent and nature of podcast integration by the ten most visited museums from each of the three monitored countries. The results show different approaches to the adaptation of podcasting in the observed space–time. Despite some differences, we also mapped similar trends. A crucial finding was that the end of the pandemic brought a certain modus vivendi of incorporating podcasting into museum activities, which can be framed as a normalisation, completing the lively development that took place during the pandemic.
Analysis of visitor experience in Hungarian museum context using the PLS-SEM algorithm
Authors: Jászberényi Melinda , Ginovszky-Bodnár Dorottya
Published: November 2024

This article analyses the museum visitor experience through a quantitative questionnaire carried out at the Almásy Mansion Visitor’s Centre in Gyula, Hungary, using the PLS-SEM (partial least squares structural equation modeling) algorithm. The authors analysed the escapism dimension of Pine and Gilmore’s 4E model, suggesting refinement of the model in the context of museums. The aim of the research was to obtain a better understanding of the concepts of escapism, active involvement (as a key concept in the museum context), and how to set up a better measurement model of visitor experience. As a result this research, the authors were able to establish two valid models to examine the experience dimensions of the enhanced model and the components of the active involvement experience dimension.
Annotation Codebook A Supervised Machine Learning Approach for Assessing Grant Peer Review Reports
Authors: Strinzel Michaela , Okasa Gabriel , Jorstad Anne , Müller Stefan , de Léon Alberto , Egger Matthias , Milzow Katrin
Published: November 2024

The codebook is an output of the study “A Supervised Machine Learning Approach for Assessing Grant Peer Review Reports”, which combines qualitative human annotation and transformer-based machine-learning approaches to assess characteristics of grant proposal peer review reports submitted to the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). The codebook includes detailed instructions and examples for the human annotators on how to label the sentences of peer review reports according to 12 categories reflecting the characteristics of grant peer review reports of interest to research funding agencies.
Pelaksanaan Program Ciri Khusus Keasramaan Boarding School dalam Menambah Wawasan Keislaman di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Surakarta
Authors: Fadhilah Pratama Ananda Ayu Nur , Choiriyah Siti
Published: November 2024

The role of parents in instilling an understanding of Islamic teachings to children who are still low has an impact on the lack of awareness of children in practicing Islamic teachings in life. The existence of this phenomenon is the basis for the boarding school MAN 2 Surakarta to have a special characteristic program that aims to add Islamic insight for students. This study aims to describe the forms of special characteristics program activities and describe the implementation of the special characteristics program of boarding school girls in adding Islamic insight at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Surakarta.
Karabakh and East Zangezur Economic Regions in Azerbaijan s Food Security Policy
Authors: Məmmədova Aynur
Published: November 2024

The article analyses the state of development of agriculture in the economic regions of Karabakh and East Zangezur and the level of self-sufficiency of the region in terms of food products in the pre-occupation period. It was also pointed out that the attempts to join the Armenian SSR under the pretext of lagging behind the economic development of the region and insufficient food security did not have a serious and legal basis. In addition, the efforts and difficulties encountered in the post-war period to reintegrate the economic regions into the economic life of the country were also emphasised. At the same time, the contribution of these economic regions to the further strengthening of food security in the region and the country as a whole as a result of their reintegration into the economic life of the country after the war was investigated. . The main objective of this study is to examine the contributions that the economic zones examined can make at national and regional level in the near future for both Azerbaijan and the neighbouring countries bordering these regions. The study is methodologically structured on the comparative method. In this context, in addition to the literature published in the Soviet period, current articles and internet sources were also used.
Azərbaycanda “Torpaqqala” Adlı Abidələrin Arxeoloji - Nəzəri Öyrənilməsi Tarixinə Baxış
Authors: Yusifova Dürdanə
Published: November 2024

Azərbaycanın Şimal-Qərb və qərb bölgəsinin“Torpaqqala” şəhər tipli yaşayış məntəqələri o cümlədən, Qafqaz Albaniyasının antik dövr tarixi ərazilərindən biri olan Cənubi Dağıstanın “Torpaqqala” arxeoloji abidəsində şəhər mədəniyyətinin öyrənilməsi Azərbaycan arxeologiyasında öz aktuallığını saxlayır. Məqalədə “Torpaqqala” arxeoloji abidələrində antik, ilk və orta əsrlər dövrü üçün səciyyəvi olan yaşayış yerləri, müdafiə tikililləri, təssərrüfat əhəmiyyətli tikili qalıqları, qəbir abidələri və onlardan aşkar olunmuş arxeoloji materiallar təhlil edilib onların Azərbaycanın ilk orta əsrlər dövrü şəhər mədəniyyəti sistemində yeri müəyyən edilmişdir. Məqalənin mənbə bazasını yerli və əcnəbi arxeoloqların elmi araşdırmaları və son dövrdə aparılan arxeoloji qazıntı işlərinin materialları təşkil edir. Arxeoloji tədqiqat işinin əsas obyekti olan Torpaqqala arxeolji abilərinin öyrənilməsində regionun antik və ilk orta əsrə aid müxtəlif şəhər yerlərinin müqayisəli təhlili, mədəni təbəqələrin stratiqrafik xüsusiyyətlərinin təsnifatı aparılmışdır. Bu məqsədə nail olmaq üçün ümumi təhlil metodundan istifadə olunub.
14 Mayıs 1950 Genel Seçimleri
Authors: aydoğmuş çigdem
Published: November 2024

Türkiye'de 14 Mayıs 1950'de yapılan genel seçimler, ülkenin siyasi tarihinde önemli bir anı işaret etmektedir. İlgili seçimler yalnızca yönetimde önemli bir dönüm noktasını değil, aynı zamanda ulus içindeki daha geniş sosyo-politik değişimleri de yansıtmaktadır. Bu seçimlerden önce, Türkiye büyük ölçüde 1923'te Cumhuriyet'in kuruluşundan bu yana iktidarda olan Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi'nin (CHP) egemen olduğu tek partili bir sistemle karakterize ediliyordu. Ancak, CHP'nin otoriter eğilimleri ve halkın karşı karşıya olduğu ekonomik zorluklarla ilgili yaygın hoşnutsuzluktan yararlanan Demokrat Parti'nin (DP) ortaya çıkmasıyla seçim manzarası önemli ölçüde değişmiştir. Bu seçim, seçmenlere on yıllardır ilk kez gerçek bir seçenek sunulduğundan, rekabetçi ruhu ve benzeri görülmemiş düzeydeki kamu katılımıyla dikkat çekiyordu. Adnan Menderes liderliğindeki DP'nin kesin zaferiyle sonuçlanan seçim sonuçları, yalnızca CHP'nin uzun süredir devam eden siyasi hegemonyasını ortadan kaldırmakla kalmadı, aynı zamanda Türkiye'de çok partili demokrasinin yeni bir dönemini başlattı. Bu makale, temel siyasi değişikliklerin, büyük partilerin rollerinin ve Türkiye'nin yönetimi üzerindeki genel etkisinin analizi yoluyla, 1950 genel seçimlerinin Türk siyasetinin gidişatını yeniden şekillendiren ve ardından gelen demokratik süreçlerin temellerini atan bir dönüm noktası olarak önemini açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma literatür kaynakları ışığında araştırma, inceleme ve analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak tamamlanmıştır.
Bağımsızlığına Kavuşan Şuşa nın Cesur Evladı: Tuğgeneral Zaur Sabir Oğlu Cavanşir (Sözlü Tarih Kapsamında)
Authors: najafli Guntekin
Published: November 2024

Yaklaşık 30 yıl düşman işgali altında kalan Karabağ, Azerbaycan Cumhurbaşkanı İlham Aliyev'in önderliğinde kahraman Azerbaycan askerinin ve ölmezliğe kavuşan şehitlerin kanları pahasına işgalden kurtarıldı. Fakat bu zaferin sağlanmasında Özel Kuvvetlerin rolünün çok büyük olmasını unutmamak gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle İkinci Karabağ Savaşı, Azerbaycan'da tüm Özel Kuvvetlerin aktif olarak kullanıldığı ilk savaş olarak kabul edilmektedir. Savaştaki taktiksel zaferlerin çoğu, Özel Kuvvetlerin faaliyeti sonucunda başarılmıştır. Vatan Savaşı Kahramanı, Tuğgeneral Zaur Sabir oğlu Cavanşir de bu özel kuvvetler içerisinde yer alarak büyük kahramanlık örneği göstermiştir. Onun İkinci Karabağ Savaşı'nda Özel Kuvvetlerin komutanı olarak gösterdiği şanlı savaş yolu, sadece ailesinin ve yakınlarının değil, tüm Azerbaycan halkının ebedi hafızasında yaşayacaktır. Buna göre makale sözlü tarih kapsamında Tuğgeneral Zaur Sabir Oğlu Cavanşir’in İkinci Karabağ Savaşı’nda ki varlığını ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır.
Some issues of budgetary funding of state servants trainings in the Republic of Armenia
Authors: Gyozalyan Vardush
Published: November 2024

The article examines and systematically analyzes the system of state financing of trainings of civil servants of the Republic of Armenia, using the methods of economic and statistical analysis. The source for the creation of the analysis database were the State budget indicators of different years, including planned, adjusted and actual data.
Within the framework of the article, there is studied the best international experience of state support for the organization of trainings (on the example of OECD countries) and the possibilities of its localization in RA. There are analized the dynamics and trends of the share of additional education (mainly includes the trainings) in the state budget, problems and gaps in the system of state funding of trainings are revealed according to directions and departments. Based on the analysis, there were made a number of suggestions  to improve the system, which will contribute to the qualitative improvement and efficiency of trainings, and the formation of healthy competition among employees. In particular, it is proposed to review the training participation planning system, based on the study of real demand and the implementation of evidence-based policies, which will allow both to save public funds and to organize training according to effective targets.
ԱԴՆԱՆ ՄԵՆԴԵՐԵՍ - ՌԵՋԵՓ ԹԱՅՅԻՓ ԷՐԴՈՂԱՆ․ «ՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆ ՄԱՐՏԻՐՈՍԻ» «ՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆ ԺԱՌԱՆԳԸ»
Authors: Հովհաննիսյան Գոռ
Published: November 2024

Թուրքիան 2023 թ․ խորհրդարանական և նախագահական ընտրությունների նախընտրական քարոզարշավի շրջան մտավ քաղաքական և սոցիալ-տնտեսական մի շարք խնդիրներով։ Թուրքիայի համար սիմվոլիկ տարեթվի՝ հանրապետության 100-ամյակին համընկնող այս ընտրություններն անցան հասարակության համար քաղաքական ու տնտեսական անկայունության և հետերկրաշարժային ծանր շոկի պայմաններում։ Չնայած այդ հանգամանքին՝ քաղաքական ուժերը վարեցին ակտիվ քարոզարշավ՝ քաղաքական պայքարի բոլոր գրված և չգրված օրենքներով։ Ընտրություններին հատկապես ակտիվ պատրաստվում  էր իշխող Արդարություն և զարգացում կուսակցությունը՝ 69-ամյա Ռեջեփ Թայյիփ Էրդողանի գլխավորությամբ, որը, ինչպես որոշ հետազոտողներ նշում էին, պատրաստվում էր իր վերջին և վճռական մարտին։ Քարոզարշավի ժամանակ ավանդական իսլամական պոպուլիզմին և անցյալի փառավորմանը ավելացավ նաև ընդգծված սիմվոլիզմը։ Սակայն այս փուլում անցյալի ոգեկոչումը կենտրոնացած էր ոչ թե ավանդական դարձած օսմանյան նոստալգիայի, այլ ավելի մոտ անցյալի՝ 1950-ականների վրա։             Անցյալի ոգեկոչման հիմնական թիրախը Ժողովրդավարական կուսակցությունն էր, որը եկավ իշխանության 1950 թ․ մայիսի 14-ին՝ վերջ դնելով Մուստաֆա Քեմալ Աթաթյուրքի հիմնադրած Հանրապետական ժողովրդական կուսակցության միանձնյա իշխանությանը։ ԺԿ-ն՝ վարչապետ Ադնան Մենդերեսի ղեկավարությամբ, թուրքական քաղաքական օրակարգ մտցրեց քաղաքական իսլամը, ճանապարհ բացեց իսլամամետ և պահպանողական տարրերի համար, քաղաքական հարթակ տրամադրեց իսլամական զանազան աղանդների և եղբայրությունների ներկայացուցիչներին, սկսեց հարվածել քեմալիզմի 6 սկզբունքներից ամենակարևորներից մեկին՝ աշխարհիկությանը, այնուհետև 1960 թ․ ռազմական հեղաշրջման արդյունքում զրկվեց իշխանությունից։ Հեղաշրջումից հետո դատարանը մահապատժի դատապարտեց արտաքին գործերի նախարար Հասան Փոլաթքանին, ֆինանսների նախարար Ֆաթիհ Ռուշթու Զորլուին և վարչապետ Ադնան Մենդերեսին։ Կարճ ժամանակ անց Ադնան Մենդերեսի մահապատիժը որոշ շրջանակներում հանգեցրեց նրա կերպարի միֆականացման ընդհուպ մինչև սակրալացման՝ որպես «մարտիրոսված» քաղաքական գործիչ։ Այդ շրջանակներից է սերում նաև Էրդողանը, ում՝ որպես քաղաքական գործիչ կայացման մեջ անուղղակի մեծ դեր ունի Ադնան Մենդերեսը։            Հոդվածը նպատակ ունի հետազոտել Ադնան Մենդերեսի քաղաքական ժառանգությունը ստանձնելու և այն «ռեբրեդինգի» ենթարկելու Թուրքիայի ներկայիս ղեկավարի քայլերը և դրա դրսևորումներն ու նպատակները։
ԻԽՎԱՆՆԵՐԸ ԵՎՐՈՊԱՅՈՒՄ. «ՄՈՒՍՈՒԼՄԱՆ ԵՂԲԱՅՐՆԵՐԻ» ՊԱՆԵՎՐՈՊԱԿԱՆ ՑԱՆՑԻ ՄՈԴԵԼԸ և ԿԱՌՈՒՑՎԱԾՔԱՅԻՆ ԱՌԱՆՁՆԱՀԱՏԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԸ
Authors: Բարսեղյան Հեղինե
Published: November 2024

«Մուսուլման եղբայրները» իսլամիստական միջազգային շարժում-կազմակերպություն է: Այն հիմնադրվել է 1928թ. Եգիպտոսում Հասան ալ-Բաննայի (1906-1949) կողմից և համարվում է ամենահին իսլամիստական կազմակերպությունն աշխարհում: Ստեղծման արդեն առաջին տասնամյակների ընթացքում ականատես ենք լինում նրա ցանցայնացման գործընթացին: 1940-ական թթ. «Մուսուլման եղբայրները» մասնաճյուղեր ու գրասենյակներ ուներ ոչ միայն Եգիպտոսի տարբեր քաղաքներում և բնակավայրերում, այլև՝ հարևան մերձավորարևելյան երկրներում: Ներկայումս «Մուսուլման եղբայրներն» իր ներկայությունն ունի ինչպես արաբական և մուսուլման գերա­կշիռ բնակչություն ունեցող երկրներում, այնպես էլ՝ Եվրոպայում, Հյուսիսային Ամերիկայում, Ռուսաստանում և այլուր։ Այս կառույցները գիտական գրականության մեջ ընդունված է անվանել «Մուսուլման եղբայրների» մասնաճյուղեր: Ըստ այդմ առաձնացվում են «Մուսուլման եղբայրների» սիրիական, հորդանանյան, ֆրանսիական, մեծբրիտանական և այլ մասնաճյուղեր: Հոդվածի նպատակն է եվրոպական ենթացանցի օրինակով քննարկել «Մուսուլման եղբայրների» ցանցը Դավիթ Հովհաննիսյանի՝ ցանցերի տեսության շրջանակներում՝ վեր հանելով ցանցի տեսակը և կառուցվածքային առանձնահատկությունները Եվրոպայում:
ՍՓՅՈՒՌՔԻ ՎԵՐԱԲԵՐՄՈՒՆՔԸ 2009 Թ. ՀԱՅ-ԹՈՒՐՔԱԿԱՆ ՀԱՐԱԲԵՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ԿԱՐԳԱՎՈՐՄԱՆ ԳՈՐԾԸՆԹԱՑԻՆ
Authors: Հովհաննիսյան Արա
Published: November 2024

Հայ-թուրքական հարաբերություններրի հարցը մշտապես մեծ հետաքրքրություն է առաջացրել հայության շրջանում: Այն մեծապես կարևորվել է հատկապես Սփյուռքում:1991 թվականից ի վեր Հայաստանի Հանրապետության և Թուրքիայի Հանրապետության միջև հարաբերությունները կարգավորելու մի քանի փորձեր են ձեռնարկվել, սակայն դրանք ոչ մի արդյունքի չեն հանգեցրել, քանի որ Թուրքիան մշտապես առաջ է քաշել Հայաստանի համար անընդունելի նախապայմաններ:
Հայ-թուրքական հարաբերությունների կարգավորման ամենագործուն փորձը նախաձեռնել է Հայաստանի նախագահ Սերժ Սարգսյանը:  Սակայն 2009 թ. հոկտեմբերի 10-ին ստորագրված հայ-թուրքական արձանագրությունները հանգեցրին հայության, նամանավանդ սփյուռքահայության շատ խիստ հակազդեցությանը: Կազմակերպվեցին բողոքի ստորագրահավաքներ, ցույցեր, հանրահավաքներ: Սփյուռքում կար նաև մի փոքրաթիվ հատված, որը կողմ էր գործընթացի կարգավորմանը:   
Կարող ենք արձանագրել, որ սփյուռքահայերի և Սփյուռքում գործող կազմակերպությունների ճնշող մեծամասնությունը իրենց խիստ դժգոհությունն էին արտահայտում 2009 թ. հայ-թուրքական հարաբերությունների կարգավորման գործընթացին և ամեն կերպ փորձում էին առկախել այն, քանի որ կարծում էին, որ ստորագրված արձանագրությունները իրենց մեջ ներառում են շատ նախապայմաններ, որոնք վտանգավոր են Հայաստանի և հայ ժողովրդի համար: Կարելի է փաստել նաև, որ գործընթացի բարեհաջող ընթացքին երկուստեք խանգարեցին մի շարք ներքին և արտաքին քաղաքական հանգամանքներ:
POLITICAL NOTES ON THE TREATY OF SÈVRES
Authors: Ginosyan Naira
Published: November 2024

Articles 88-93 of the Treaty of Sevres, signed on August 10, 1920, restored the rights of the Armenian people to a part of their homeland, which was Western Armenia. The mentioned articles of the Treaty of Sèvres de jure recognized not only the Republic of Armenia, including the Armenian provinces of Transcaucasia, but also the United Armenia, including Eastern and Western Armenia. The signatory countries, including the Turkish state defeated in World War I, recognized the independence of United Armenia and agreed to expand Armenia's borders to include most of the territories of the provinces of Erzurum, Van and Bitlis, as well as part of the province of Trabzon, thereby securing Armenia's access to the Black Sea. The publication presents several key points about the Treaty of Sèvres, which marked the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and aimed to divide its territories between the allied states. Alas, it did not come to life.
Multidimensional child poverty and its determinants: Empirical Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors:   Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria, Omotoso Ajayi Joseph , Mobolaji Ashagidigbi Waheed ,   Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria, Oluseyi Olagunju Kehinde ,   Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland, Olusola Omotayo Abiodun ,   Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, South Africa, Adekunle Salau Sheu ,   World Bank, Washington DC, United States of America, Omotoso Ajayi Joseph ,   Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, Micheal Akinsete Olanrewaju ,   Federal University of Technology, Nigeria
Published: November 2024

Poverty has been a subject of global discourse most especially in sub-Saharan Africa where little progress has been achieved. Most literature sources regard poverty mainly as a household threat rather than one to affectsthe children living within the household. Thus, through a multidimensional approach, this study analyses poverty, specifically in the context of its effect on children. In carrying out this study, the General Household Survey dataset for Nigeria (the mostpopulous country in sub-Saharan Africa) for 2018/2019 obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) was used. Descriptive statistics, the Multidimensional Poverty Measure, and the Tobit Regression Model were usedin this study. The results showed that there are more male children (52.17%) than females (47.83%), with most of the children falling within the middle-age group of households (45.51%). Less than half of the household heads were found to be literate, while the mean size of the household amounted to nine. This study found that the poverty dimension,mainly affecting the research sample of Nigerian children,was their deprivation in terms of sanitation, while the least significant dimension was their lack of food. Child poverty is prevalent among the three respective age groups of children, among rural dwellers (57.16%), and among residents in the northern divide of the country. The rural sector, the residents in the north-eastern region of the country, and the gender of the household head were found to be significant variablesinfluencing child poverty in Nigeria. As such, poverty reduction strategies directed towards the rural sector, the northern region, and the identified age groups of children should be of primary focus in tackling child poverty in Nigeria to achieve the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal (SDG1) -“End poverty in all its forms everywhere”.