bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing shaded-leaf effects on photochemical reflectance index (PRI) for water stress detection in winter wheat
Authors: Yang Xin , Liu Shishi , Liu Yinuo , Ren Xifeng , Su Hang
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The photochemical reflectance index (PRI) has emerged to
be a pre-visual indicator of water stress. However, whether the varying
shaded-leaf fractions, which may be caused by multiple view angles or the
changing crop density in the field, affect the performance of PRI in
detecting water stress of crops is still uncertain. This study evaluated the
impact of the varying shaded-leaf fractions on estimating relative water
content (RWC) across growth stages of winter wheat using seven formulations
of PRI. Results demonstrated that for the control treatment the mean PRI of
sunlit leaves was slightly higher than those of shaded leaves, but the
difference between PRI of sunlit and shaded leaves increased as water
resources became more limiting. Despite the difference between PRI of sunlit
and shaded leaves, the significance of the linear relationship between RWC
and most studied formulations of PRI did not show obvious variations with
shadow fractions, except for the 100 % shaded-leaf condition. Among the
studied formulations of PRI, PRI3 based on reflectance at 512 nm as the
reference band provided the most accurate estimates of RWC with varying
shaded-leaf fractions, except for the 100 % shaded-leaf condition. The
slope and the intercept of linear regression models with PRI3 also showed
minimized variations with shaded-leaf fractions. We then applied a uniform
RWC prediction model to the data of varying shaded-leaf fractions and found
that the accuracy of RWC predictions was not significantly affected in the
mixture of sunlit and shaded leaves. However, RWC estimated with PRI of the
100 % shaded-leaf condition had the highest root mean square error (RMSE), implying that PRI of the
pure shaded leaves may yield inaccurate estimates of plant water status.
Ideas and perspectives: Synergies from co-deployment of negative emission technologies
Authors: Amann Thorben , Hartmann Jens
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Numerous publications propose the deployment of negative
emission technologies, which intend to actively remove CO2 from the
atmosphere with the goal to reach the 1.5∘ target as discussed by
the IPCC. The increasing number of scientific studies on the individual
potential of different envisaged technologies and methods indicates that no
single method has enough capacities to mitigate the issue by itself. It is
thus expected that technology portfolios are deployed. As some of them
utilize the same environmental compartment, co-deployment effects are
expected. Those effects are particularly important to evaluate with respect
to additional CO2 uptake. Considering soils as one of the main affected
compartments, we see a plethora of processes which can positively benefit
from each other, canceling out negative side effects or increasing overall
CO2 sequestration potentials. To derive more reliable estimates of
negative emission potentials and to evaluate common effects on global carbon
pools, it is now necessary to intensively study interrelated effects of
negative emission technology deployment while minimizing negative side effects.
A comprehensive history of climate and habitat stability of the last 800&thinsp,000 years
Authors: Krapp Mario , Beyer Robert , Edmundson Stephen L. , Valdes Paul J. , Manica Andrea
Published: August 2019

Abstract. A detailed and accurate reconstruction of the past climate is essential in understanding the interactions between ecosystems and their environment through time. We know that climatic drivers have shaped the distribution and evolution of species, including our own, and their habitats. Yet, spatially-detailed climate reconstructions that continuously cover the Quaternary do not exist. This is mainly because no paleoclimate model can reconstruct regional-scale dynamics over geological time scales. Here we develop a statistical emulator, the Global Climate Model Emulator (GCMET), which reconstructs the climate of the last 800 000 years with unprecedented spatial detail. GCMET captures the temporal dynamics of glacial-interglacial climates as an Earth System Model of Intermediate Complexity would whilst resolving the local dynamics with the accuracy of a Global Climate Model. It provides a new, unique resource to explore the climate of the Quaternary, which we use to investigate the long-term stability of major habitat types. We identify a number of stable pockets of habitat that have remained unchanged over the last 800 thousand years, acting as potential long-term evolutionary refugia. Thus, the highly detailed, comprehensive overview of climatic changes through time delivered by GCMET provides the needed resolution to quantify the role of long term habitat change and fragmentation in an ecological and anthropological context.
Evaluation of the probable annual flood damage influenced by El-Niño in the Kan River Basin, Iran
Authors: Hooshyaripor Farhad , Faraji-Ashkavar Sanaz , Koohyian Farshad , Tang Qiuhong , Noori Roohollah
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Although many studies have explored the effect of teleconnection indicators on flood, few investigations have focused on the assessment of the expected damages resulted by flood under the El-Niño or La-Niña condition. Therefore, this study’s aim was to determine the effect of El-Niño on the expected flood damage in the Kan River basin, Iran. To determine the flood damage costs, first, the precipitation enhancement during El-Niño condition was estimated then using a probabilistic approach the inundation area was determined under 5, 10 and 50 year return periods. The results showed that El-Niño increases the precipitation amount up to 8.2 % and 31 % with 60 % and 90 % confidence level, respectively. Flood damage assessment using damage-elevation curves showed that the expected increase percentile in flood damage for smaller return periods, which is more frequent, is much more than that for larger return periods. In general, for the return periods of 5- and 10-year, 31 % increase in the precipitation would result in 2416 % and 239 % damage increase, respectively. However, for the 50-year rainfall this increase amount will be about 74 %. These results indicate the importance of small flood events in flood management planning during El-Niño.
Projections of Selenga river runoff in the XXI century and uncertainty estimates
Authors: Millionshchikova Tatiana
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The Selenga River, which originates in Mongolia, contributes
nearly 50 % of the total inflow into Lake Baikal. Since 1996, the longest
low-flow period has been observed. This paper focuses on the spatially
distributed process-based modeling to assess possible runoff changes under
climate projections in the XXI century using an ensemble of global climate
models (GCMs) from ISI-MIP2 (Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison
Project, phase 2) and RCP-scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathway)
as inputs. The ECOMAG hydrological model was applied to simulate possible
runoff changes in the Selenga River basin. According to the simulations, the
low-flow runoff into Lake Baikal will be continued throughout the XXI
century under all the RCP-scenarios. Furthermore, as hydrological
projections for the future are characterized by significant climate
projections uncertainty, ANOVA (analyses of variance) test was used to
quantify the sources of this uncertainty. The calculations showed that the
contribution of the model uncertainty (differences between GCMs) is much
higher than the contribution of the scenario uncertainty (variability of
RCP-scenarios) although it increases at the end of the century.
Glacial sedimentation, fluxes and erosion rates associated with ice retreat in Petermann Fjord and Nares Strait, NW Greenland
Authors: Hogan Kelly A. , Jakobsson Martin , Mayer Larry , Reilly Brendan , Jennings Anne , Mix Alan , Nielsen Tove , Andresen Katrine J. , Nørmark Egon , Heirmann Katrien A. , Kamla Elina , Jerram Kevin , Stranne Christian
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Petermann Fjord is a deep (> 1000 m) fjord that incises the coastline of northwest Greenland and was carved by an expanded Petermann Glacier, one of the six largest outlet glaciers draining the modern Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS). Between 5–70 m of unconsolidated glacigenic material infills in the fjord and adjacent Nares Strait, deposited as the Petermann and Nares Strait ice streams retreated through the area after the Last Glacial Maximum. We have investigated the deglacial deposits using seismic stratigraphic techniques and have correlated our results with high-resolution bathymetric data and core lithofacies. We identify six seismo-acoustic facies in more than 3500 line-km of sub-bottom and seismic-reflection profiles throughout the fjord, Hall Basin and Kennedy Channel. Seismo-acoustic facies relate to: bedrock or till surfaces (Facies I); subglacial deposition (Facies II); deposition from meltwater plumes and icebergs in quiescent glaciomarine conditions (Facies III, IV); deposition at grounded ice margins during stillstands in retreat (grounding-zone wedges; Facies V); and the redeposition of material down slopes (Facies IV). These sediment units represent the total volume of glacial sediment delivered to the mapped marine environment during retreat. We calculate a glacial sediment flux for the former Petermann Ice Stream as 1080–1420 m3 a−1 per meter of ice stream width and an average deglacial erosion rate for the basin of 0.29–0.34 mm a−1. Our deglacial erosion rates are consistent with results from Antarctic Peninsula fjord systems but are several times lower than values for other modern GrIS catchments. This difference is attributed to fact that large volumes of surface water do not access the bed in the Petermann system and we conclude that glacial erosion is limited to areas overridden by streaming ice in this large outlet glacier setting. Erosion rates are also presented for two phases of ice retreat and confirm that there is significant variation in these rates over a glacial-deglacial transition. Our new fluxes and erosion rates show that the Petermann Ice Stream was approximately as efficient as the palaeo-Jakobshavn Isbrae at eroding, transporting and delivering sediment to its margin during early deglaciation.
Manifestations of Hungarian Identity in Literature
Authors: Kenyeres János
Published: August 2019

Concentrating on some important literary and theoretical works, this article examines how Hungarian identity has been given different meanings and various forms of expression over the past few centuries. Hungarian identity is an ever-changing concept and the question of belonging and what is Hungarian has been subject to numerous interpretations.  Linked to periods of victory and prosperity, and their opposite, defeat, humiliation and poverty, as well as revolt, revolution, defiance, resignation and even silence, the alternating forms of national identity can all be found in literature. The fact that Hungarians have more than one text (the “Hymn,” the “Appeal” and, recently, the “Székely Hymn”) that assumes the status or quasi-status of a national anthem itself indicates the multiplicity of Hungarian identity. These texts have become part and parcel of national identity due to the frequency with which individuals encounter them from their early childhood on. This is coupled with a strong Hungarian literary canon, which also plays an essential role in identity building. In the absence of a solid literary canon, literary works are less significant in the identity structure of many other nations; in larger countries a diversity of texts are taught at school due to substantial regional differences. In contrast, the Hungarian school system has traditionally placed and still places emphasis on a stable and only slowly changing literary canon which, in turn, leads to a body of literature known to most members of society.
Idioms and Idiotisms: Theodore Thass-Thienemann’s The Interpretation of Language and Spectral Inheritance
Authors: Fogarasi György
Published: August 2019

The late work of the Hungarian émigré linguist and comparatist, Theodore Thass-Thienemann, presents a challenging combination of psychoanalytic discourse and the historical study of languages. His two-volume book entitled The Interpretation of Language (1973) sets out to complement the Freudian analysis of dream images and bodily symptoms via an investigation into the symbolism of ordinary verbal expressions as they appear in the languages of Indo-European cultures. His attention to the unconsciously inherited dimensions of particular idioms opens a path to the linguistic archeology of the human mind and a rethinking of the very notion of “idiom” in terms of “idiotism.” After providing a brief overview of the life and late works of Thass-Thienemann, this study offers a comprehensive analysis of his book. In the final analysis, Thass-Thienemann appears as the provocative thinker of a spectral inheritance, from which even his own discourse is not exempt.
Beyond the Colonial/Orientalist Encounter: “European” Cultural Contributions to Arab Modernity
Authors: Mahmoud Alaaeldin
Published: August 2019

Albeit what can be described as the “European” contributions to world modernities (with Arab modernity included) are often perceived as a self-evident fact, a scrutinizing look is useful in shedding more light on the mostly ignored European cultural contributions to the Arab Nahḍah (Arab Renaissance) and modernity that were neither colonial nor orientalist, especially during the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century, with particular focus on Egypt and the Levant. This study examines the contributions of Europeans who settled in Egypt and the Levant, such as the Hungarian photographers Otto Schoefft (1833-1890s) and Zoltan Kluger (1895- 1977), Hungarian illustrator and painter Éric de Nemès (1910-??), the Spanish cartoonist Juan Santez and the Armenian cartoonist Alexander Saroukhan (1898-1977), to name a few. It also challenges the perception that the Europeans who migrated to and settled in the Arab region (especially in the early twentieth century) were living in “cultural ghettos.” Instead, the work of the above artists, literati and others shows that the European communities in Egypt and the Levant were cultural agents who contributed to the literary and artistic landscapes in their respective fields of expertise.
The Double Entendre of Sex: Pornographies of Body and Society in Péter Esterházy’s Fiction
Authors: Bollobás Enikő
Published: August 2019

Informed by feminist theory on the one hand and thematic and rhetorical criticism on the other, this article examines the components of discourse in two books by Péter Esterházy that share an emphatic attention to sexuality. The author interprets Esterházy’s discourse of sex as grounded in the figure of the double entendre, with a different function in each work. In Kis magyar pornográfia [‘A Little Hungarian Pornography’], vulgar corporeality and communist politics are shown as commensurate; both have a double meaning, with sex and politics referring both to themselves and to each other. In using one discourse as a cover for another, Esterházy continues the Central European Witz [‘joke’] tradition, giving a particular twist to it by making the transference of meaning two-directional, thereby assigning double meanings to sex and politics alike. In Egy nő [‘She Loves Me’], Esterházy attaches a double meaning to sex in a different manner; here sex is not a cover for something else but is shown to be reduced to itself, with a double meaning attached to its internal power relations. Sex is presented as a power game, in which man is repulsed by women yet is hopelessly attracted to them. Moreover, sex acts as the only tellable story taking the place of the untellable story of love. In this piece of postmodern fiction, the multiple perspectives bring about an interpretational uncertainty on the part of the reader as to whether sexist discourse is legitimized or subverted, and whether this legitimization and/or subversion is carried out by the narrator and/or by the implied author.
Takács, Judit. 2018. Meleg század. Adalékok a homoszexualitás 20. századi magyarországi társadalomtörténetéhez [‘Gay Century: Contributions to Twentieth-Century Hungarian Social History of Homosexuality’] Budapest: Kalligram. 254 pp.
Authors: Borgos Anna
Published: August 2019

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Slíz, Mariann. 2017. Personal Names in Medieval Hungary. Hamburg: Baar Verlag. 215 pp.
Authors: Gulyás László Szabolcs
Published: August 2019

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Seegel, Steven. 2018. Map Men: Transnational Lives and Deaths of Geographers in the Making of Modern East Central Europe. Chicago and London: Chicago University Press. 346 pp., illus.
Authors: Jobbitt Steven
Published: August 2019

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Dobrenko, Evgeny and Natalia Jonsson-Skradol, eds. 2016. Socialist Realism in Central and Eastern European Literatures: Institutions, Dynamics, Discourses. London and New York: Anthem Press. 362 pp.
Authors: Petrescu Corina L.
Published: August 2019

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Pető, Andrea. 2018. Elmondani az elmondhatatlant: A nemi erőszak története Magyarországon a II. világháború alatt ['Speaking of the Unspeakable: The Story of Sexual Violence in Hungary During World War II']. Budapest: Jaffa. 279 pp.
Authors: Schwartz Agatha
Published: August 2019

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Hametz, Maura E. and Heidi Schlipphacke, eds. 2018. Sissi’s World: The Empress Elisabeth in Memory and Myth. New York, NY: Bloomsbury Academic. 393 pp.
Authors: VanDemark Christopher Max
Published: August 2019

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The rising tide: Open source’s steady transformation
Authors: Germonprez Matt , Lipps Jonathan , Goggins Sean
Published: August 2019

Open source projects are transforming. Today, work within open source projects has come to be influenced by a growing set of companies and individuals who receive financial remuneration for their engagement. As such, there is a central focus on commoditization and commercialization of open source products, which drives a trend towards a concealment of the various inner workings that produce these products. Within this shift, the product becomes a central aim of open source project engagement, and the means of production becomes incidental. In this paper, we explore the HCI research and design implications of the transformation of open source projects as part of commercial work and how we can come to better understand and protect the rising tide of open source projects.
The memetic molester: Creating and characterising the child sex abuser through digital humour and transgressive media through a close reading analysis of Pedobear
Authors: Lamont Bethany Rose
Published: August 2019

The paper consists of an interdisciplinary close reading analysis of the 4chan character of Pedobear as an example of transgressive humour surrounding traumatic subjects in interactive online media. The character and its various applications, from simple knock-knock style jokes, pranks against an ignorant outsider public, countercultural consumption and even as an accusation of real-world abuse, are examined here. The close reading study locates the subject within a broader context of the insider currency of the shocking and taboo subject for white, masculinist, North American youth culture communities both online and off.
Design and Refinement of a Data Quality Assessment Workflow for a Large Pediatric
Research Network
Authors: Khare Ritu , Utidjian Levon H. , Razzaghi Hanieh , Soucek Victoria , Burrows Evanette , Eckrich Daniel , Hoyt Richard , Weinstein Harris , Miller Matthew W. , Soler David , Tucker Joshua , Bailey L Charles
Published: August 2019

Background: Clinical data research networks (CDRNs) aggregate electronic health
record data from multiple hospitals to enable large-scale research. A critical operation
toward building a CDRN is conducting continual evaluations to optimize data quality. The
key challenges include determining the assessment coverage on big datasets, handling
data variability over time, and facilitating communication with data teams. This study
presents the evolution of a systematic workflow for data quality assessment in
CDRNs.Implementation: Using a specific CDRN as use case, the workflow was iteratively
developed and packaged into a toolkit. The resultant toolkit comprises 685 data quality
checks to identify any data quality issues, procedures to reconciliate with a history of
known issues, and a contemporary GitHub-based reporting mechanism for organized
tracking.Results: During the first two years of network development, the toolkit
assisted in discovering over 800 data characteristics and resolving over 1400
programming errors. Longitudinal analysis indicated that the variability in time to
resolution (15day mean, 24day IQR) is due to the underlying cause of the issue,
perceived importance of the domain, and the complexity of assessment.Conclusions: In the
absence of a formalized data quality framework, CDRNs continue to face challenges in
data management and query fulfillment. The proposed data quality toolkit was empirically
validated on a particular network, and is publicly available for other networks. While
the toolkit is user-friendly and effective, the usage statistics indicated that the data
quality process is very time-intensive and sufficient resources should be dedicated for
investigating problems and optimizing data for research.
Reproductive biology and behavior associated with a spawning aggregation of the yellowfin grouper Mycteroperca venenosa in the US Virgin Islands
Authors: Nemeth Richard S , Kadison Elizabeth , Brown Peterson Nancy J , Blondeau Jeremiah
Published: August 2019

The reproductive characteristics, movement patterns and courtship behaviors associated with a yellowfin grouper (Mycteroperca venenosa, Linnaeus, 1758) fish spawning aggregation (FSA) were assessed between 2004 and 2014. The FSA was located on the Grammanik Bank, a seasonally
closed area on the edge of the Puerto Rico platform, south of St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands. Fish arrived at the FSA site around full moon and departed 10–12 days after full moon (dafm), during two or three consecutive months, from January to May each year. Males were significantly larger
than females and preceded females at the spawning site. Courtship coloration and behaviors showed distinct patterns relative to lunar date and time of day. Spawning was observed for several days each month in 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2014, from 6 to 10 dafm. Female gonadosomatic index (GSI) values
were highest from 4 to 7 dafm. Spawning, which began at sunset, consisted of 7 to 12 males following one female along the bottom before ascending 10–20 m, then "rushing" upward to release gametes. Histological analysis of ovaries indicated females spawned every 2–3 nights, although
11.6% were capable of spawning two consecutive nights. Total spawning population size of yellowfin grouper fluctuated from 600 to 1100 fish during the study period, but consistent annual population assessments using scuba were difficult to carry out due to ocean conditions. Based on size-frequency
analysis and other metrics, the M. venenosa spawning population at the Grammanik bank appears to be stable at this time with existing regulations.
TRABALHO DE ENFERMAGEM EM PRONTO SOCORRO PEDIÁTRICO: ENTRE O PRAZER E O SOFRIMENTO
Authors: Lamb Fabricio Alberto , Beck Carmem Lúcia Colomé , Coelho Alexa Pupiara Flores , Vasconcelos Raíssa Ottes
Published: August 2019

Objetivo: conhecer as vivências de prazer e sofrimento dos trabalhadores de enfermagem de Pronto Socorro Pediátrico.Método: pesquisa qualitativa, exploratório-descritiva, realizada em um Hospital Universitário do sul do Brasil. Os dados foram produzidos em abril de 2015, com nove trabalhadores de enfermagem, por meio de Grupo Focal, e submetidos à análise temática de conteúdo.Resultados: as vivências de prazer vincularam-se ao gostar de crianças, interação com a família, disponibilidade de tempo para o desempenho do cuidado, recuperação da criança enferma, trabalho em equipe e reconhecimento por parte da criança e família. As vivências de sofrimento relacionaram-se à identificação da trabalhadora com o papel de mãe, morte e sofrimento da criança, tornar-se alvo das frustrações do familiar e violência infantil.Conclusão: as trabalhadoras se encontram entre sentimentos dicotômicos de satisfação e identificação com o trabalho e frustração frente às dificuldades e desfechos diários, sendo desafios os conflitos de papéis e sentimentos
A LIDERANÇA COACHING EXERCIDA PELOS ENFERMEIROS NO CONTEXTO HOSPITALAR
Authors: Hayashida Karen Yukari , Bernardes Andrea , Moura André Almeida de , Gabriel Carmen Silvia , Balsanelli Alexandre Pazetto
Published: August 2019

Objetivo: identificar e comparar a autopercepção dos enfermeiros e a percepção de auxiliares/técnicos de enfermagem quanto às práticas de Liderança Coaching.Método: estudo transversal, realizado em 2016, com 69 enfermeiros e 233 auxiliares/técnicos de enfermagem de dois hospitais públicos paulistas. Utilizaram-se dois questionários validados acerca do exercício da liderança Coaching pelo enfermeiro, relacionados à autopercepção do enfermeiro e à percepção do técnico e auxiliar de enfermagem.Resultados: dentre as quatro dimensões da Liderança Coaching, “comunicação” foi a mais reconhecida. No Hospital A, constatou-se semelhança na percepção da prática de liderança exercida pelos enfermeiros entre as duas categorias. No Hospital B, a autopercepção dos enfermeiros acerca do exercício da Liderança Coaching foi maior, quando comparada à percepção dos auxiliares/técnicos, exceto para a dimensão “comunicação”.Conclusão: a Liderança Coaching e suas dimensões podem beneficiar as instituições e a enfermagem na melhor gestão de suas equipes.
Determination of the optimal parameters
of the structure of functional gradient
materials using mathematical modelling
approaches
Authors: Lyashenko B.A. , Stotsko Z.A. , Kuzin O.A. , Kuzin M.O. , Mikosianchyk O.A.
Published: August 2019

Purpose: Functioning of mechanical friction systems largely depends on the characteristics
of the structure of their surface layers. By controlling these parameters, it is possible to
significantly adjust the reliability and durability of parts under the conditions of contact
interaction.
Design/methodology/approach: he proposed approach, which is based on the principle
of nonlocality of the operational properties of materials, allows determining the optimal
microhardness values of the surface layers and the gradient of this parameter, at which the
contact durability of friction pair elements significantly increases.
Findings: It is established that by adjusting the ratios of the surface strength of materials
and its gradient, it is possible to achieve a significant increase in the operational parameters
of friction units.
Practical implications: The engineering relationship considered in the work allows to
establish functional distributions of microhardness in the structure of surface layers, at which
their wear reaches minimum values.
Originality/value: Mathematical approaches are proposed, which allow determining the
parameters of the structure of the surface layers of parts to increase their durability under
conditions of friction contact loads.
Jugend ohne Mindestlohn
Authors: Jost Isabel
Published: August 2019

Protection through discrimination?
With the introduction of the German minimum wage law (MiLoG) on 1st January 2015, employee rights were, among other things, to be strengthened. At the same time, however, Section 22 (2) of the minimum wage law excludes a particularly weak and vulnerable group from its scope of application—underage employees without vocational training. This book takes a – legally comparative—look at wage regulations for young people and raises the question of whether the exception of young employees in this regard is in accordance with higher-ranking law, especially in view of possible age discrimination. It focuses on the compatibility of Section 22 (2) of MiLoG with the Equal Treatment Directive 2000/78/EC and national constitutional law.
Strafbarkeit des Kick-back-Vorgangs in der öffentlichen Auftragsvergabe
Authors: Portner David
Published: August 2019

Public procurement activity is prone to corruption. A special form of corruption is the so-called kick-back. It describes a benefit which is already included in the order amount of a bidding company to the public servant of the contracting authority, with the aim of obtaining preferential treatment in the procurement procedure. Kick-backs in the public procurement procedure damage state assets as well as effective competitions. Public procurement must be protected against kick-backs by severe prevention through procurement law and criminal law, more precisely by a comprehensive threat of sanctions. The author examines to what extent procurement and criminal law fulfil this objective. He analyses procurement law regarding preventive and abuse potentials as well as risks of criminal liability for the civil servant involved in the award procedure. Based on this analysis, he devises concrete proposals for a greater effort to combat kick-backs, i.a. implementing a special criminal offence.
Die Rolle nicht-internationaler Waffenstillstandsabkommen im humanitären Völkerrecht
Authors: Müller Lars
Published: August 2019

This book introduces agreements concluded in the context of non-international armed conflicts into the debate on the significance and development of public international law, especially international humanitarian law. As the appropriateness of norms of international humanitarian law and their ability to govern the conduct of parties in the context of non-international armed conflicts are increasingly challenged, this book looks into agreements concluded between the parties in such conflicts – state and non-state actors – as an additional source of law and legitimacy. By studying agreements from conflict zones in Africa, Asia, Latin America and Europe and proceeding from a traditional or positivist notion of international law, the author provides a thorough analysis of their content and legal character. He comes to the conclusion that such agreements could and should be considered an instrument of public international law and explains the impact of this conclusion on the aforementioned debate.
Haftung von transnationalen Unternehmen und Staaten für Menschenrechtsverletzungen
Authors: Haider Katharina
Published: August 2019

This book presents and examines potential approaches to legal protection in cases of human rights violations by transnational corporations. Covering a range of legal fields, it offers extensive insights and support for human rights lawyers and aims to provide an impetus for further academic and practice-oriented research.
The study addresses the question of corporate liability under international law and examines the existence of extraterritorial home country duties with regard to human rights protection. It moreover considers matters of procedural law, conflict of laws and material civil law. In this respect, it focuses on the role of human rights codes of conduct in determining the relevant duty of care of corporations under the law of torts. An assessment of state liability law, criminal law and unfair competition law as well as reflections on suitable reform proposals complete the study.
Die Beendigung der Bestechungsdelikte
Authors: Schwab Annette
Published: August 2019

Administering the completion of bribery offences has gained importance, especially with regard to the statute of limitations. This study therefore deals on the one hand with the question of whether the existing jurisprudence in this regard is consistent with its own premises and how it has to be adopted by other legal institutions, which are relevant with regard to the concept of completion in this context (i.e. sentencing for multiple offences, the subject matter of the ruling, qualifications, examples of delimitation as well as principal and secondary participants). On the other hand it sheds light on whether the premises of the existing jurisprudence are correct at all.
Dyspnea in an Otherwise Healthy 18-year-old: The Importance of Point-of-care Ultrasonography
Authors: Cleveland Manchanda Emily , Kharasch Sigmund , Liteplo Andrew
Published: August 2019

A healthy 18-year-old male presented to the emergency department with chest pain, palpitations, and dyspnea. His exam was unremarkable; however, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) revealed right ventricular strain with a D-sign and enlarged right ventricle. He subsequently reported a history of factor V Leiden. His D-dimer was markedly elevated, and a computed tomography angiogram of the chest demonstrated submassive pulmonary embolism (PE). He was taken to the catheterization lab for directed thrombolysis and was discharged in good condition two days later. Factor V Leiden is the most common genetic cause of venous thromboembolism. POCUS can facilitate rapid diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with acute PE.
Head of the Bed Down: Paradoxical Management for Paradoxical Herniation
Authors: Bender Patrick , Brown Alisha
Published: August 2019

Emergency physicians are well versed in cerebral herniation, pathology that typically results from increased intracranial pressure; however, paradoxical herniation is less common and requires opposing treatments. We describe a case of paradoxical herniation following lumbar puncture in a patient with previous hemicraniectomy. The symptomatology was similar to cerebral herniation from intracranial hypertension and included lethargy, bradycardia, headache, and compression of brain structures on non-contrast head computed tomography. However, contrary to treatment modalities for intracranial hypertension, our management strategy aimed to reverse intracerebral hypotension. Treatment for paradoxical herniation involved increasing intracranial pressure using fluid resuscitation and Trendelenburg positioning. In the intensive care unit our patient received an epidural blood patch and hydration with resolution of his symptoms.
Asteroid Hyalosis Seen on Ocular Point-of-Care Ultrasound
Authors: Arthurs Blake , Connor-Schuler Randi , Kreifels Wendelin , Suszanski Julian , Baliga Sudhir , Amponsah David
Published: August 2019

We present a case of a patient who underwent ultrasound evaluation for potential blunt ocular trauma. She was found to have multiple, freely mobile, scintillating hyperechoic opacities within the vitreous that was diagnosed as asteroid hyalosis, a rare but benign condition easily confused with vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, lens dislocation, or foreign body on ocular ultrasound.
Incomplete Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Caused by Sulfonamide Antimicrobial Exposure
Authors: Canter Nikki , Smith Lane
Published: August 2019

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a mucocutaneous reaction typically brought on by medications or infections. The diagnosis of SJS is typically made when patients present with a variable appearing rash and involvement of the oral, ocular, or genital mucosa. However, there are rare reports of atypical or incomplete SJS. These cases are usually associated with children infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which presents with severe mucositis but no rash. Herein, we report the first case of adult incomplete SJS brought on by sulfonamide antimicrobial use without clinical or laboratory evidence of M. pneumoniae infection.
St. Thomas’s Natural Law Theory
Authors: Brugger E. Christian ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: August 2019

Fifty years of debate have strengthened Germain Grisez’s 1965 interpretation of St. Thomas Aquinas’s famous article on the natural law in Summa theologiae I-II.94.2. Revisiting Grisez’s argument in light of these developments reveals that his “gerundive interpretation” of the first principle of practical reason is not only Thomistic, but essentially Aquinas’s interpretation.
Responsabilidad, violencia percibida y prosocialidad en adolescentes que precisan atención compensatoria
Authors: Lamoneda-Prieto J.
Published: August 2019

El presente estudio analiza en un centro público adscrito a un Programa de Compensación Educativa cómo influyen el género, el curso y las necesidades educativas de apoyo educativo (NEAE) en la responsabilidad en educación física, violencia escolar y prosocialidad. Participaron 120 estudiantes con una edad media de 14.40 años (DT = 1.67), de los cuales 62 estaban diagnosticados con alguna NEAE (51.7%) y 58 no requería atención especial (48.3%). Los resultados indican tan solo diferencias entre alumnos que precisan diferente atención educativa en la responsabilidad personal en educación física. El género y el curso mostraron ser variables influyentes en la responsabilidad social en EF y prosocialidad. No se hallaron diferencias en la violencia escolar percibida para las variables analizadas. A partir de los datos recabados se aportan consideraciones prácticas para la intervención educativa con estudiantes en riesgo de exclusión social.

This work analyses, in a public educational centre associated to a Compensatory Education Programme how gender, the academic year and educational needs of educational support (SNES) influence responsibility in physical education, school violence and prosociality. 120 students took part in the project, age of 14.40 years (SD = 1.67), 62 out of them had been diagnosed with some SNES (51.7%) and 58 did not require any special support (48.3%). Results showed only differences among students who needed different educational attention in personal responsibility in physical education. Both gender and the academic year showed influential variables in social responsibility in physical education and prosociality. No differences were found in perceived school violence for the analised variables. Based on the data collected, practical considerations are provided for educational intervention with students at risk of social exclusion.
La construction de la posture aucto-éditoriale dans les mémoires d’éditeurs québécois
Authors: Blaga Valentina
Published: August 2019

Désir de justification, de légitimation, besoin de laisser une trace, d’affirmer sa position dans le champ éditorial, multiples sont les raisons qui, vers la fin duxxesiècle, poussent plusieurs éditeurs québécois, après de nombreuses années de labeur dans le domaine de la publication de livres, à coucher sur papier leurs expériences, surtout professionnelles. En se mettant ainsi en scène, l’éditeur devient un auteur. Il adopte alors une nouvelle posture, une posture auctoriale, tout en conservant sa posture d’éditeur. De quelle manière se forge cette double posture, unique en son genre? C’est ce qu’examine le présent article.
The Discourse and Value of Being an Independent Publisher
Authors: Noorda Rachel
Published: August 2019

Publishing did not haveindependentsenter self-discourse until the 1960s when media conglomeration created a need to distinguish other publishers from this network of corporate giants. But rather than decimating the independent publishing landscape, the corporate conglomeration of book publishing has opened a space for independent publishers to thrive (Simon and McCarthy, 2009; Schiffrin, 2001; Hawthorne, 2014, 2016; Kogan 2007, 2010), in part because of the social currency that positioning themselves as independent in discourse affords. In order to analyze the use, purpose, and meaning ofindependentin publisher discourse, this article conducts a content analysis on mission statements of 39 US-based independent publishers. Through content analysis of mission statements, this article illuminates the way that certain publishers construct a particular social function and marketing appeal by the use ofindependentin twenty-first century book publishing discourse in the US.
La conception éditoriale du lecteur en France des années 1950 à la fin des années 1970
Authors: Ouvry-Vial Brigitte
Published: August 2019

Cet article examine les prémices de la notion de lecteur et d’acte de lecture dans un contexte littéraire et intellectuel qui annonce la mort de l’auteur et où l’arrivée des médias audiovisuels fait concurrence au livre. La réflexion s’appuie en particulier sur les « discours d’escorte » de Jean Cayrol, Jean Paulhan et Gaëtan Picon, trois éditeurs contemporains les uns des autres qui ont en commun leur souci de commenter par écrit leur activité éditoriale, les modèles esthétiques et les conceptions de la médiation de la littérature en train de se faire. Ces notes et écrits d’éditeurs-essayistes ou éditeurs-critiques constituent une sorte de journal de bord professionnel, un « discours d’escorte » ayant pour fonction d’établir une relation de proximité non pas tant avec le public, mais d’abord avec leurs pairs. Ils permettent une approche des protocoles de lecture que les lecteurs professionnels mettent en oeuvre et qu’ils suggèrent plus ou moins implicitement aux lecteurs ordinaires de suivre. Ils éclairent ainsi en filigrane le développement des théories de la réception et la prise en compte éditoriale du rôle du lecteur, une figure encore anonyme mais de plus en plus au centre du dispositif de production-réception de la littérature.
Les comportements informationnels des écrivains membres de l’UNEQ
Authors: Desrochers Nadine
Published: August 2019

Cette étude qualitative constitue l’étape empirique d’un projet portant sur les comportements informationnels des membres de l’Union des écrivaines et des écrivains québécois (UNEQ). Grâce à un cadre théorique inspiré des travaux de Pierre Bourdieu sur le champ littéraire, repéré également dans la littérature, elle décrit les pratiques des écrivains quant à leurs besoins, recherche, utilisation et diffusion d’information, unissant les données recueillies lors d’un sondage, une analyse de contenus web et des entrevues. Les résultats montrent que les avantages et désavantages apportés par le numérique créent parfois un sentiment d’incohérence entre les ressources utilisées et la diffusion en ligne. Par ailleurs, la relation avec les professionnels de l’information pourrait être repensée à l’étape de la création du texte, quant à l’organisation du paratexte numérique et pour la compréhension des outils web à la portée des écrivains. Cela dit, il faudrait que cela participe d’une transformation plus large du champ, car la perception de la légitimation continue pour l’instant de suivre les voies traditionnelles de l’illusio.
Modelling Sanctity: The Curious Case of Pierre Puget’s St. Alessandro Sauli
Authors: Currie Morgan
Published: August 2019

Saint Alexandre Sauli de Pierre Puget (1663–1668) est important dans l’histoire de la sculpture génoise pour avoir contribué à introduire un style d’interactivité spatiale romain, mais il donne également un aperçu des interactions complexes entre l’art, la religion et les politiques familiales du début de la Gênes moderne. Les mécènes étaient des membres de la noble famille du modèle, et cette commande faisait partie d’une stratégie visant à promouvoir la sainteté de leur parent. Des personnages bien établis de l’antiquité chrétienne étaient prévus pour les trois autres piliers, dans une approche post-tridentine typique où de nouveaux saints étaient associés à des prototypes plus anciens. Toutefois, cet assemblage est inhabituel, car Sauli n’était pas encore canonisé au moment de l’installation, et plus de soixante-dix ans devraient passer avant sa béatification en 1741. L’inclusion de cet individu parmi une compagnie aussi auguste offre un aperçu de l’utilisation de la sculpture, particulièrement de la rhétorique affective de la présence tridimensionnelle, pour construire l’identité publique d’un nouveau saint.
Fairies, Passive Female Sexuality, and Idealized Female Archetypes at the Salons of the Rose + Croix
Authors: Slavkin Mary
Published: August 2019

Les Salons de la Rose-Croix (1892–1897) intégraient des éléments catholiques et occultistes, et visaient généralement à présenter un art idéaliste qui saurait élever la société à une époque perçue comme dégénérescente. Les salons incluaient une grande variété d’images représentant des archétypes féminins idéalisés, dont des fées, des muses et des vierges. Le meneur du groupe, l’écrivain Joséphin Péladan, rédigea un guide pour les femmes dans lequel il dépeignit la fée type comme un exemple positif, parce qu’elle pratiquait uniquement une sexualité passive et charitable. Les oeuvres exposées rompent avec les hiérarchies et les types de Péladan en incorporant une gamme de références sur le rôle de la sexualité, les liens à la littérature et l’adoption de doctrines religieuses particulières. Malgré l’objectif idéaliste que partagent ces oeuvres, des variantes dans le modèle féérique mettent en évidence la présence de divergences au sein du groupe et d’écarts par rapport aux publications de Péladan.
Monedas sociales y complementarias (MSC)
Authors: Hirota Yasuyuki
Published: August 2019

En las últimas décadas han surgido experiencias de monedas sociales y complementarias (MSC), medios de intercambio distintos del dinero de curso legal, con el fin de impulsar transacciones dentro del mercado. Su uso se justifica desde el punto de vista de la propia definición del dinero como acuerdo o ley dentro de una comunidad. Las MSC se clasifican en seis categorías distintas: las respaldadas con monedas oficiales (que optimizan la circulación de la moneda oficial al retenerla); las respaldadas con otros bienes y/o servicios (que inyectan liquidez en la comunidad); las emitidas por la autoridad pública (que circulan ampliamente por ser válidas en el pago de impuestos); las de confianza mutua (cuyos socios tienen saldos positivos o negativos, como derecho a pedir el valor equivalente de bienes o servicios, o como obligación a ofrecerlo); las emitidas como crédito bancario (que tienen efectos contracíclicos y permiten actividades económicas estables), y las FIAT (que nacen sin ningún respaldo y necesitan ser gestionadas cautelosamente para evitar acumulaciones que lleven a la hiperinflación). Es necesario estudiar las ventajas y desventajas de cada modelo antes de elegir el más apropiado.
En busca de la pluralidad perdida
Authors: Ribera Fumaz Ramon
Published: August 2019

Desde una perspectiva a veces autobiográfica, otras mediante momentos clave en la disciplina, el artículo reflexiona sobre la historia de la despluralización de la economía. Lo hace mediante un viaje a través de tres ciudades y tres décadas diferentes en la enseñanza de la economía y contando cinco historias.
La influencia de las Sense Girls en las mujeres de entre 25 y 45 años
Authors: Sánchez Marcos Marina
Published: August 2019

La pérdida de influencia de los medios convencionales debido a la aparición de internet ha incrementado la preocupación de las marcas por conocer cómo influenciar a los diferentes segmentos existentes en España. Pero hay algo que continúa influenciando a las personas: las opiniones de terceros (antes of-fline y ahora también on-line). Por lo tanto, resulta interesante para las marcas analizar las nuevas opiniones transmitidas en línea por terceras personas, las cuales pueden provenir también de influencers, que son precisamente el foco de este estudio.

Por ello, esta investigación se centra en conocer cuál es la percepción que tienen las mujeres de entre veinticinco y cuarenta y cinco años (un segmento de la sociedad española, el público objetivo) de las Sense Girls (como influencers principales en los sectores de moda, belleza y Fitness/Life&Style, importantes para el público objetivo) en YouTube e Instagram, y se interesa por cómo se comunican y cómo deberían ser tenidas en cuenta en el ámbito del marketing/comunicación.

Debido a la imposibilidad de conocer esta información gracias a fuentes secundarias, se ha realizado una investigación ad hoc (cuantitativa –cuestionario– y cualitativa –focus group, entrevistas en profundidad, análisis de canales–).

Gracias a su desarrollo, se puede concluir que las Sense Girls deberían ser utilizadas en las estrategias de marketing de las marcas y se deberían diferenciar los tipos de comunicación para cada uno de los clústeres en los que se dividen las mujeres de entre veinticinco y cuarenta y cinco años.