bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
70‐3: Tunability of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) using Liquid Crystal (LC) according to Various Bias Voltage Levels
Authors: Kang Byounggwan , Choi Hyengcheul , Lee Changhyeong , Kang Boyoung , Huh Jaewon , Youn Youngno , Hong Wonbin
Published: August 2023

This paper introduces a proof‐of‐concept of RIS consisting of Merck GT7‐29001 Liquid Crystal (LC) and Corning glass with metallic circle patterns for controlling redirection at Ka‐band. Since this structure and fabrication process is compatible with conventional LCD manufacturing technology, significant cost reduction and large size capability can be expected compared to incumbent diode & PCB substrate fabrication process. The prototype of RIS had LC layer of a 200um thickness and its frequency tunability was over 14% when inducing bias voltages up to 25V at metal patterns. Simulation results using dielectric properties of GT7‐29001 show a good agreement with the frequency tunability at measurements. Also, 23° beam steering was realized by separately inducing 0V or 10V at each metal pattern on glass.
71‐1: Data‐Driven and Optics‐Inspired Decomposition of Global Pupil Swim in VR/AR for an Improved Perception Model of Motion Discomfort
Authors: Ching Phoebe Lim , Chan Tsz Tai , He Yudong , Qiu Chuchu , So Richard H.Y. , Jia Jerry
Published: August 2023

Users can observe dynamic distortion (or global pupil swim) during the usage of VR/AR headsets. Our earlier study correlated pupil swim to selected optic flow patterns corresponding to motion and mathematically modeled discomfort. This study decomposes global pupil swim as a linear sum of orthogonal basis patterns based on Zernike polynomials for improved applicability and for an improved perception model.
71‐4: Late‐News Paper: Real‐time Measurement for Visual Fatigue Induced by Watching Videos
Authors: Kim Sanghyeon , Ju Uijong
Published: August 2023

Accurately find timings when visual fatigue occurs is important to dealt with problems caused by displays. To solve this problem, present study tested the validity of dynamic evaluation through continuous fatigue rating. We found that dynamic rating showed similar results with typical questionnaire and showed significant correlations with optical flow.
72‐1: Invited Paper: Improving Improving Thermal Stability of The Coatable Polarizer by Optimization of Materials
Authors: Li Youyou , Zhu Jiuhui , Yang Ming , Cheng Wei , Wang Chao , Cooper
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we fabricated the coatable polarizer based on guest‐host effect between the host polymerizable liquid crystal and the guest dichroic dye. However, its thermal stability is poor. We had attempts to optimize the structure of its materials and we obtained the optimized polarizer. It had a very small color difference of 2.91, and its DOP was only reduced from 99.0% to 96.2% with a samll loss of 2.7% after being heated at 90°C for 120 hours. It shows that the thermal stability is greatly enhanced. It will benefit the coatable polarizer's development of applications in ultra‐thin, ultra‐wide size and flexible display fields.
72‐4: High Light Efficiency and High Contrast LCD using Polarizer Louver
Authors: Saigusa Ryosuke , Sakai Akira , Kawahira Yuichi , Hasegawa Masahiro , Xu Jianeng , Minoura Kiyoshi
Published: August 2023

A new polarizer system has been developed to improve the light efficiency and on‐axis contrast of LCDs by reflecting and recycling oblique light. The new polarizer system realizes an 8% increase in on‐axis brightness and on‐axis contrast.
73‐2: Optimized WRGB OLED Reflection Properties to Enhance Visual Quality in Gaming Displays
Authors: Ham Jung Hyun , Lee Seon Mee , Oh Se Ri , Jun Woong Gi , Yoon Soo Young
Published: August 2023

Immersiveness is a crucial element in gaming, and the quality of visual display is essential to achieving it. Reflections on gaming displays can hinder immersion under various lighting conditions. Four gaming displays were compared though reflection analysis and visual assessment. In this paper, we found that Lambertian reflectance was a crucial factor for image quality attributes such as Blackness, Contrast, and Sharpness. By applying AGAR surface treatment to WRGB OLEDs, the distinctness of reflected images was effectively reduced while maintaining blackness, making it a more suitable for playing games in various ambient environments.
74‐2: Top‐Emitting Fiber‐Based OLEDs with Water Resistance Based on Vacuum Environment for Truly Wearable Displays
Authors: Kong Seong Uk , Jeong So Yeong , Choi Kyung Cheol
Published: August 2023

This study proposes a top‐emitting fiber‐based OLED capable of achieving high resolutions in order to achieve truly wearable displays. Additionally, a water‐resistant fiber‐based OLED that can be produced entirely in a vacuum environment to reduce impurities during the process is demonstrated.
74‐3: Inkjet‐Printed High‐Performance Organic Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Oku Shinya , Fukuda Takashi , Yumino Shohei , Lee Junghwi
Published: August 2023

We describe organic thin‐film transistor (OTFT) demonstration by integrating existing photolithographic technology with inkjet printing, eliminating the need for dry etching and significantly reducing material consumption and the number of manufacturing processes, making OTFTs suitable for mass production. OTFTs fabricated this way demonstrate performance superior to that of amorphous silicon.
74‐4: Spherical Forming‐A Test Method for Stretchability of Flexible OLED from 2D Plane to 3D Surface†
Authors: Wang Haoran , Han Ziang , Zhang Song , Liu Zhengdao , Cai Peng , Yang Yanyan , Shi Shiming , Wang Dawei
Published: August 2023

3D curved shape display with non‐zero Gaussian curvature can only be adapted by a stretchable display panel. Other displays are almost impossible to achieve, even if they are flexible. In this work, we designed a stretchable stacking structure and a 3D deformation process to realize the dome‐shape samples, with reference to the commercial 3D‐shape displays. And a blue‐light 3D scanning method was applied to measure the length change and area change of the dome‐shape samples. The measurement method covered in this paper can be a promising candidate for a standard method of measuring 3D deformation of stretchable displays.
75‐1: Real Time Doping Management of High‐Performance Organic Electroluminescence Displays
Authors: Lim Yong-Woon , Jang Won Hyuk , Kim Hyo-Jin , Kim Hyeon Hwan
Published: August 2023

Recently, organic light emitting diode (OLED) and quantum dot (QD)‐OLED displays are attracting attention as representative displays ranging from mobile to tablet, laptop, and TV markets. In these OLED and QD‐OLED displays, the individual thickness and doping ratio of functional multilayer films of organic electroluminescence (EL) are the most important factors in device characteristics such as color coordinates, efficiency, and lifetime. In particular, unlike the thickness that can be measured up to the sub‐nanometer, quantified measurement methods have not been well prepared for the various dopant contents of EL. We proposed a method to quantify the doping ratio of individual functional thin films of EL using Raman spectroscopy. First, a unique signal of each layer material of the EL was found using Raman spectroscopy, and a significant signal was classified from the resultant signal. And by utilizing the intensity of the peak of the signal, we succeeded in quantifying the doping rate using partial least squares regression and artificial intelligence. In particular, quantification was very successful even in the thinnest thin film and the thin film with the lowest dopant content. Finally, as a result of evaluation by dividing the doping rate of the EL light emitting layer in the pixel of the actually completed OLED sample by dividing it from 0 to 6%, the linear regression of the average doping rate converged to 100% was obtained. Accordingly, it succeeded in real‐time monitoring and management of the doping ratio of the EL element, which is a major factor influencing the performance and quality of OLED and QD‐OLED displays, in mass production.
75‐4: Research on Surface Protective Layer of Cu Pad to Improve Welding Capability for MLED
Authors: Hu Haifeng , Zeng Ting , Yang Caigui , Zhang Renwei , Liu Xiaoxiao , Xu Zouming , Sun Haiwei , Shi Lingyun , Chen Ming
Published: August 2023

In this paper, by adding Cu alloy or Ni‐Au layer to Cu pad surface reduced the occurrence of pseudo welding and improve the rework strength and promoted the product stability and reliability.
77‐1: Invited Paper: The Colloidal Quantum Dot Based Color Conversion Layer for Micro LED Arrays
Authors: Lin Chien-Chung , Kuo Hao-Chung , Lee Guan-Ying , Chao Han-Yu , Weng Shao-Yi
Published: August 2023

The advances of micro LEDs and colloidal quantum dots have provided a great platform for the next generation of micro displays. Although the illuminating efficiency of colloidal quantum dots is close to 100%, the patterning of these nanocrystals is still important and need to be developed. We use semiconductor grade fabrication to obtain small pixels smaller than 10 micrometers and a large scale formation of array. The photonic characterization reveals the conversion efficiency is 20% and the excitation wavelength dependent behavior is also probed. A 1300‐hour of vacuum storage test showed this type of color conversion layer is stable and the emission wavelength and linewidth are almost unchanged.
77‐2: Quantum‐Dot Color Conversion Achieved by A Novel Structure of Hollow Cylindrical Blue MicroLED
Authors: Huang Wenjun , Lin Yonghong , Liu Zhaojun
Published: August 2023

This study proposes a novel design for achieving color conversion in micro light‐emitting diodes (Micro‐LEDs) using a hollow cylindrical structure. Instead of printing quantum dots (QDs) on the upper surface of the Micro‐LEDs, QDs are printed in a hollow place created by designing hollows of varying sizes and applying a layer of highly reflective metal to the top and outer walls. The design of this structure confines the emission light to the hollows, reduces photon leakage, and increases the path length of the excitation light in the quantum dot area. The color conversion capabilities of 60, 70, 80, and 90 μm hollows were investigated, and a 3×3 array was demonstrated. Using this approach, the thickness of the quantum dots on the upper surface of the LED can be reduced, without the need for a thick black matrix for reducing the problem of light crosstalk. This hollow cylindrical design presents a promising new approach for achieving color conversion in Micro‐LEDs, with potential applications in displays and lighting technologies.
79‐2: Comparison of HDR MicroLED Display and High‐Resolution(8K) Impact on Image Quality
Authors: Park YungKyung , Jeong Younghoon , Moon YoungSu
Published: August 2023

The clear impression of 4K MicroLED with higher HDR and 8K QLED and OLED were compared through a subjective image quality evaluation. Four variables; edge, contrast, lightness, and chroma was rendering for the HDR display to compare with high resolution(8K) displays. Display with HDR had the most impact and contrast and chroma were attributes that effected the clear impression. The measurement values were used to prove the phenomenon in which MicroLED, an HDR display, gives a clearer impression compared to other displays. HDR having high contrast can be seen more clearly than high resolution. Clear impression does not unconditionally represent the entire integrated image quality, but HDR plays an important role in enhancing image quality. This paper explains why we are seeing clearer images on a higher contrast display than on a higher resolution display.
79‐3: Image Quality Change by White‐Boost Function of WRGB OLED Display
Authors: Jung Woojae , Kwak Youngshin , Kang Kyung Jin , Lee Myung Young
Published: August 2023

The effect of the white‐boost function on image quality was assessed by simulating the different white‐boost levels and color gamuts on WRGB OLED display. The result shows that Vividness increases as the white‐boost level and color gamut increase.
80‐2: Liquid Crystal Surface Relief Diffractive Lens for Presbyopia
Authors: Hu Guo Lin , Chen Ming Syuan , Chen Chien Chung , Chen Hung Shan , Chen Chueh Ju , Cheng Chang Chiang , Lin Yu Cheng
Published: August 2023

We demonstrated a two‐step tunable liquid crystal (LC) surface relief diffractive lens for presbyopia. The surface relief diffractive structure is fabricated by nano‐imprint lithography (NIL) roll‐to‐stage process. The LC lens is polarization‐independent with only one cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) layer. The LC lens can be fabricated by LC one‐drop fill (ODF) process. This is useful for presbyopia vision correction. In this paper, we realized two‐step switched liquid crystal lens with optical power 0 and +2 diopters.
81‐1: Invited Paper: Highly stretchable backplane technologies for deformable display applications
Authors: Miyakawa Masashi , Tsuji Hiroshi , Mineo Keitada , Takei Tatsuya , Yamamoto Toshihiro , Fujisaki Yoshihide , Nakata Mitsuru
Published: August 2023

Stretchable displays are a promising technology for developing new styles of deformable display applications. Here we develop two stretchable backplane technologies for future display applications. We first propose a highly stretchable metal‐oxide island thin‐film transistor array with an acrylic adhesive structure. We then construct a stretchable light‐emitting diode array containing stretchable through‐hole interconnects with printed stretchable conductors.
81‐4: High Performance Coplanar Polycrystalline InGaO TFTs on Polyimide Substrate for Foldable AMOLED Display
Authors: Rabbi Md. Hasnat , Bae Jinbaek , Lim Taebin , Yamaguchi Koji , Sasaki Daichi , Kawashima Emi , Tsuruma Yuki , Jang Jin
Published: August 2023

We demonstrate high‐performance, coplanar polycrystalline InGaO (poly‐IGO) thin film transistors (TFTs) on polyimide (PI) substrate. The TFTs exhibit the saturation mobility (µSAT) of >45 cm2 V-1 s-1 and very stable bias stress stabilities of negligible ΔVTH of +0.2 V and +0.1 V under PBTS and NBTS, respectively. A gate driver on the PI substrate is working well with a very low rising and falling time of less than 0.62 µs. Therefore, the flexible poly‐IGO TFTs could be used for high‐resolution foldable AMOLED display backplanes.
82‐3: Rapid AR/VR Device Eye‐Box Measurement Using a Wide‐FOV Lens
Authors: Kerst Thomas , Bitarafan Mohammad , Jokinen Laura , Alasaarela Ilkka , Tillanen Seppo , Zautasvili David , Pachhandara Nikhil
Published: August 2023

We present a method to rapidly and accurately measure the eye box of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) eyewear. We demonstrate that this rapid method measures the eye box with a fidelity comparable to slower, traditional methods. The presented rapid method uses a lens that mimics the human eye in core aspects like pupil position, pupil size and field of view to get an impression of the eyewear performance as it appears to a human user with single image capture. By combining as few as three such image captures with such a lens, one can rapidly and accurately measure the entire eye box geometry of any given AR or VR eyewear. We further demonstrate the advantages of adopting this new method by referencing the display metrology industry, where this method has already been adopted as the new metrology standard.
83‐2: Inorganic ion treatment of Cd‐free quantum dots and applications to QD‐LED with improved characteristics
Authors: Kitano Keisuke , Lee Seung Hyuk , Kida Sentaro , Doe Takahiro , Asaoka Yasushi , Iwata Noboru , Izumi Makoto , Tatsuma Tetsu , Arakawa Yasuhiko
Published: August 2023

Inorganic ion treatment for Cd‐free colloidal quantum dot (QD) layers improved their carrier injection efficiency, resulting in improved external quantum efficiency (EQE) and electroluminescence (EL) lifetime of the QD light‐emitting diode (QD‐LED). Inorganic ion treated QD layers patterned at 176 ppi by photolithography enabled emission of each primary color.
83‐3: Electron Transportation Engineering for Record High External Quantum Efficiency of 16.8% for Quantum Rod Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Mallem Kumar , Prodanov Maksym F. , Liao Zebing , Kang Chengbin , Vashchenko Valeri V. , Srivastava Abhishek K.
Published: August 2023

The semiconductor quantum rods (QRs) offer unique benefits that differ from the spherical QDs, such as linearly polarized light and higher light outcoupling efficiency, which can double the external quantum efficiency of the light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Despite having many potential advantages, the QRs are not well explored as QDs in electroluminescent LEDs. In this work, we synthesized CdSe/CdS QRs and verified them in QR‐based LEDs. The charge injection into the QRLEDs is precisely controlled to get the maximum charge balance in the device to improve the device's efficiency. We achieved an EQE of 16.8 %, which is the highest EQE reported for QRLEDs. The turn‐on voltage, peak luminance, and current efficiency (CE) of the QRLEDs are 2.2 V, 10000 cd/m2, and 11.6 %, respectively. The electron injection does not influence the device turn‐on voltage but severely impacts the QRLEDs brightness, EQE and CE. The spin coated QRs film has small voids on the surface, which needs to be optimized further to improve the QRLEDs efficiency. Overall, these findings have insightful information on QRLEDs fabrication, which can open up a new opportunity for device applications.
84‐4: Switchable Privacy LCD Suitable for the Automotive Super Long‐Size Screen
Authors: Murata Koji , Hirai Akira , Sato Takashi , Sakai Akira , Minoura Kiyoshi
Published: August 2023

We have developed a Switchable Privacy FFS LCD that can be switched between two display modes: 1) Public mode with wide viewing profile and 2) Privacy mode activated partially only in CDD area. By adopting the new LCD configuration, our 12.3‐ inch prototype has successfully enabled: 1) Seamless Public mode and 2) Privacy mode that lowers the relative luminance (<1.3%) over H‐25deg, and 3) Minimized color difference (Δxy<0.005) between modes.
85‐2: 2117PPI VR LCD with ultra‐high aperture opening ratio
Authors: Zhou Tianmin , Zhang Jinchao , Wang Lizhong , Zhang Zhen , Tong Binbin , Xue Wenqing , Li Guoteng , Ning Ce , Yuan Guangcai
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the Pixel Design and the Process Technology of ultra‐high PPI display are investigated. For increasing the aperture open ratio in pixel design, the width of metal data line, the size of TFT and the crosstalk between metal lines are separately researched. The minimum of light shield for LTPS TFT is achieved since the mechanism between photoillumination and off‐state current is analyzed. In the meanwhile, the process of narrow metal lines and small via holes are developed. For conclusion, the aperture open ratio of backplane panel is achieved more than 55%.
86‐3: Why perovskite quantum dots will be key for LCD‐, OLED‐ and microLED displays
Authors: Luechinger Norman A.
Published: August 2023

Green perovskite quantum dots are well known to be the best green color conversion material with respect to color purity (FWHM) and conversion efficiency (quantum yield). These two properties are essential for picture quality (color gamut and peak brightness) but also for minimizing the display power consumption which is getting more and more important for ecological reasons but also for regulatory reasons (especially in the EU). Furthermore there is also a development trend for displays equipped with a so‐called low‐ blue‐light function where the blue primary peak emission wavelength is increased in order to minimized the short‐wave blue light intensity which has a negative influence on the human circadian rhythm. However, such blue wavelength change intrinsically reduces the color gamut of the display and increases the power consumption at the same time. These two adverse effects can be mitigated and even improved by replacing the commonly used green B‐Sialon phosphor by green perovskite quantum dots.

Over the last 7 years we have intensively worked on our green perovskite quantum dots and achieved a near‐unity quantum efficiency, an FWHM of 22nm and last but not least a sufficient stability against humidity, temperature and blue flux turning our perovsite QDs commercially viable now. In this presentation we give an overview about our technical perovskite solutions for miniLED backlight films (LCD displays) and also QD pixelated color converters for microLED displays and QD‐OLED displays.
86‐4: High‐Performance Perovskite Nanocrystals and Photoresists for In‐Pixel Color Conversion
Authors: Angioni E. , Baker R. , Hopkin H. , Sakai N. , Berryman-Bousquet V. , Wenger B.
Published: August 2023

Perovskite nanocrystals are outstanding materials for color conversion in all wide‐color gamut display architectures. Due to their unrivalled color purity, conversion efficiency and optical density, they are particularly attractive for in‐pixel color conversion. In this contribution we demonstrate that perovskite nanocrystals can achieve exceptional optical performance in non‐patterned acrylate films. To make these materials available to display manufacturers, we have developed photoresist formulations compatible with production lines used to make color filter arrays. The patterned films show excellent homogeneity and resolution which, when combined with good stability, make perovskites the materials of choice for emerging display architecture.
87‐1: Invited Paper: A Novel Reflective 90‐inch TFT LCD with UV2 A Technology
Authors: Hakoi Hiroyuki , Sato Takashi , Sakai Akira , Minoura Kiyoshi , Kuwabara Masaomi , Otsubo Masashi , Nakajima Takashi , Negoro Kazuhiko
Published: August 2023

We have developed a large size reflective LCD providing good visibility under bright circumstances and high productivity. To obtain wide viewing angle reflective mode, the panel design for the 2‐domain aligned LCD with UV2 A technology was examined. We adopted it into a prototype and successfully fabricated a 90‐inch TFT LCD.
87‐2: Study on Optical Performances of New Structure Reflective Liquid Crystal Display with Advanced Polarizer Film†
Authors: Wang Jiaxing , Wu Xiaojuan , Chen Cuiyu , Liu Feng , Zhong Xuan , Bi Yao , Yu Hongjun , Che Chuncheng
Published: August 2023

Reflective liquid crystal displays (RLCDs), which use ambient light as their light source, have been extensively explored as people pay more attention to eye care displays. In this work, a novel variety of normal white mode RLCD with improved high contrast ratio (CR) performance is studied. The reflection function is achieved by cleverly designing the angle of the advanced polarizer film (APF). The CR of the RLCD is enhanced by over 90% when compared to the conventional metal RLCD, significantly enhancing its performance. The study demonstrates that by adjusting the angle of polarizer PVA, Chroma can be optimized and adjusted. The new RLCD's customizable Chroma on bright state makes it suited for a variety of application scenarios. The results show that the new RLCD has a high CR, a flexible Chroma design, and a wide range of application scenarios.
88‐1: E‐book with Animation Playing Capability Based on Liquid Crystal Display Technology
Authors: Liu Pengcheng , Tseng Man-Chun , Yeung Fion Sze-Yan , Kwok Hoi-Sing
Published: August 2023

Electronic ink (E‐ink) displays have become increasingly popular in e‐books due to their paper‐like appearance, readability in direct sunlight, low power consumption, and flexible sizing. However, the slow switching speed of bistable LCDs and E‐ink limits their ability to play animations. This paper proposes a novel method for fabricating fast‐ switching bistable liquid crystal displays capable of playing animations. The research is based on a new type of bistable LCD technology that achieves lower driving voltages than existing E‐ink displays. The research team has significant experience developing bistable displays and has invented many new technologies in their laboratory. The proposed technology combines the benefits of bistable displays with the ability to play animations, a significant advancement in display technology.
88‐2: Highly Saturated Color Electrophoretic Display
Authors: Zang HongMei , Lin Craig , Kishore Suhasini , Jalil Muhanad , Sarvi Ali , Liu Lei , Du Karen
Published: August 2023

E Ink Spectra™ 6 is a full‐color electrophoretic display with superior color saturation and a black‐white contrast ratio of more than 30. Specially engineered ink comprising blue, white, red, and yellow particles is coated and sealed in a thin film Microcup® structure using a roll‐to‐roll process. It targets signage applications, electronic shelf label applications, and other IoT applications. With a special dithering algorithm, full‐color images can be rendered with the option of displaying red, green, blue, yellow, white, or black in each pixel. Its operating temperatures range from 0°C to 50°C.
89‐1: Usability of Glove‐based Handling Devices in Virtual Training: Use Case in Automotive Sector
Authors: Buonocore Sara , Guerra Alessandro , Benincasa Marcello , Minopoli Valerio , Gironimo Giuseppe Di
Published: August 2023

This work analyzes the impact of subjective factors on users’ immersive experience, while using glove‐based handling devices as input system. A user‐study has been conducted on a Virtual Training framework, evaluating usability and mental effort perceived with such devices.
89‐2: Late‐News Paper: Strength Optimized Laser Cutting of High Refractive Index Wafers for Augmented Reality
Authors: Liebers René , Mauer Christopher , Jotz Matthias , Wagner Fabian
Published: August 2023

As the industrialization of waveguide based AR devices is progressing, considerations around design based shaping of waveguides as well as robustness move into focus. A promising approach for scalable free‐form cutting with high strength and precision is the utilization of ultrashort pulsed lasers. Various possible laser process parameters and different material compositions of high index glasses are challenging the optimization with respect to strength of the glass. SCHOTT AG and 3D‐Micromac AG optimized a separation process towards high and predictable bending strength and integrated it into a modular machine concept freely scalable from lab to mass production use.
89‐3: Late‐News Paper: High‐Efficiency and Polarized Light Emitting Diode with Wire Grid Polarizer and Meta‐surface Textures
Authors: Meng Xianqin , Li Zhongxiao , Lai Yun , Peng Weiting , Wang Mingxing , Jiao Zhiqiang , Wang Wei , Liu Sha , Liang Pengxia , Ma Shiqing , Chen Xiaochuan , Wang Dan , Dong Xue
Published: August 2023

A low power consumption is an essential issue for all of the electrical products, especially for the wearable electrical products, and the liquid crystal displays. This manuscript proposed a single polarized light emitting diode (LED) chip which is used for a direct back light unit for LCD. A wire grid polarizer and a meta‐ surface textures are set on the top and bottom of the LED chip in order to obtain a high polarization and transparency. After optimization the potential parameters, the transmittance of TM and the polarization are 93.71% and 99.3% respectively. It can replace the normal LED of direct back light unit in order to obtain a high efficiency of 20% improvement, by comparing liquid crystal display using the APF polarizer. It can be used for reducing power consumption and supply dependence, as well as the cost of displays.
P‐110: Donor‐Acceptor Type Bifunctional Molecules with Hybridized Local and Charge‐Transfer Excited State as Efficient Non‐Doped Deep‐Blue Emitters for Highly Efficient Fluorescent OLEDs
Authors: Patel Khushbu , Kim Seung Chan , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: August 2023

Herein, we synthesized two novel D–p–A fluorescent molecules namely PhAnsIn and PhAnoIn based on dimethyl‐ dihydroindenocarbazole–anthracene‐ phenanthroimidazole for non‐doped blue organic light‐emitting diodes. The excited‐state properties of the PhAnsIn and PhAnoIn investigated through photophysical experiments and density functional theory revealed the HLCT excited‐state characteristics. The neat films of PhAnsIn and PhAnoIn exhibited photoluminescence quantum yields of 80.6% and 56.5%, respectively. The non‐doped devices based on PhAnsIn and PhAnoIn exhibited corresponding blue emissions with electroluminescence peaks at 458 and 457 nm, a maximum EQE of 8.2% and 8.5% with CIE coordinates of (0.14,0.12) and (0.14,0.11), respectively.
P‐119: A Structural Research on the Low‐Temperature Mask‐Free Process Based, Random Nanopillar Scattering Layer for Improving OLED Optical Properties
Authors: Choi Geun Su , Kang Shin Woo , Bae Eun Jeong , Jang Eun Bi , Ju Byeong-Kwon , Park Young Wook
Published: August 2023

In this study, we report OLEDs with improved light‐extraction efficiency by applying random nanopillar light‐extraction structures (rNPLES). OLEDs containing low‐temperature mask‐ free process‐based light‐extraction enhancement structures improved by 1.16‐fold depending on plane ratio with non‐ patterned initial polymer thickness. OLEDs with optimal rNPLES also showed a 129% improvement in external quantum efficiency and a 132% improvement in power efficiency.
P‐121: Evidence for the formation of localized charge traps during OLED degradation
Authors: Sem Stefano , Jenatsch Sandra , Züfle Simon , Brütting Wolfgang , Ruhstaller Beat
Published: August 2023

In this study we investigate the details of the degradation processes occurring in a specific TADF OLED stack. The devices are stressed with constant current. In order to gain understanding in the underlying degradation mechanisms, a series of experimental techniques are performed during stressing interruption. To complement the measurements, electrical device simulations are used to model the OLEDs and identify the degradation causes. Specifically, it is found that the generation of trap states at an interface causes a variation of the charge injection and accumulation inside the device.
P‐123: Double Emitting Layer Structure for high efficiency and ultra‐stable blue Triplet‐Triplet Annihilation OLED
Authors: Chu Chun-Chieh , Zhuang Yuan-Zhen , Chen Chia-Hsun , Chu Chen-Chum , Lin Bo-Yen , Liu Han-Kang , Tsai Yung-Cheng , Yuan Chih-Hsien , Leung Man-Kit , Chiu Tien-Lung , Lee Jiun-Haw
Published: August 2023

By using the double emitting layer (DEML) structure in a blue triplet‐triplet annihilation organic light‐emitting diode (TTA‐OLED), maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 16.1% with CIE coordinates of (0.135, 0.188) and half‐lifetime of 224,000 hours at initial luminance of 1,000 cd/m2was achieved. The degradation mechanism of TTA‐OLEDs was also investigated by conducting photoluminescence degradation experiment.
P‐128: Characteristic optimization method of organic photodetector based on OLED integrated backplane
Authors: Wang Jing , Li Ran , Tian Hongwei , Juan Ao , Zuo Pengfei , Chen Shantao , Liu Zheng , Shi Shiming
Published: August 2023

The organic photodetector can be integrated with the OLED common layer based on the Oxide TFT OLED backplane. This paper analyzes the influence of OLED Common layer and Active layer on the photoelectric characteristics of the sensor, and compares the photoelectric characteristics of organic sensors with different shapes and sizes to improve the optical‐Electrical characteristic of organic photodetectors and OLED films after matching.
P‐137: Enhancement of Light Extraction Efficiency and Roll‐Off Characteristics of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes by Inserting Nanoscale Pixel‐Defining Layer
Authors: Lee Seungwon , Hwang Young Hyun , Park Young Wook , Ju Byeong-Kwon
Published: August 2023

This study demonstrated organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high optical efficiency and suppressed roll‐off characteristics by harvesting the synergistic effect of hybridizing the mixed‐host material combination and the nanopatterning structural technique. This pioneering demonstration of nanoarray configuration in a third‐generation emitting organic molecule‐based device is expected to provide new strategies for the design of high‐performance OLEDs.
P‐132: Carriers Transport Dynamics in Quantum‐Dot Light‐Emitting Diode by Transient Electroluminescence Analysis
Authors: Liao Zebing , Mallem Kumar , Prodanov Maksym F. , Kang Chengbin , Gao Yiyang , Song Jianxin , Vashchenko Valerii V. , Srivastava Abhishek K.
Published: August 2023

The outstanding performance of quantum dots light emitting diodes (QLED), like high color purity, high brightness, high efficiency, and low fabrication cost, has attracted significant attention from academic researchers and industry. A great improvement has been established in QLED performance, but a few works focus on investigating the operation dynamic mechanism that is critical for understanding the device deterioration and further performance improvement. Here, we utilized transient electroluminescence (TREL) to investigate the carrier's transport dynamics. We believe this method based on TREL will contribute to understanding the carriers' transport, especially for hole transport and fabricating high‐performance QLED devices. Based on the analysis results, we also demonstrated a passive matrix (PM) electroluminescence display panel with high brightness and vivid color.
P‐152: Invited Poster: Outdoor LED Video Screens Considerations.
Authors: Bravo Jorge Perez
Published: August 2023

LED technology has been proved to be a great platform to advertise digital imaging content and targeted for outdoor signage applications. Some considerations must be taken when a LED screen is designed and later installed outdoor where the environmental elements affect the image on the LED screen. These environmental elements like sunlight, sun thermal‐load, wind, humidity, rain, and dust are affecting not just the video image, but also the performance and the lifetime of the product.

I want to focus on an important and often overlook attribute for a screen in direct sunlight and that is the contrast ratio.

The reflectivity of the materials used to produce the screen will affect the black level of the screen and hence its contrast.
P‐134: Study on Influencing Factors of Polarization Characteristics of Backlight Unit in Liquid Crystal Display
Authors: Xu Chengyi , Shu Yong , Chen Shounian , Park Byungin , Zhang Zhi , Cao Jie , Xie Wangbao , Hu Yufei , Zhang Dayu , Yu Yingchun , Xie Yajie , Han Xuefeng , Wang Nan , Zhu Xiaofei , Huang Jiong
Published: August 2023

The different materials has an impact on the transmissivity of LCD. There is a matching problem between BLU and cell. The polarization of BLU will affect the transmissivity of cell, the influencing factors of BLU polarization was studied in detail. Through the application of polarization, the transmissivity can be improved.
P‐86: Ultrathin High Dichroic Ratio Azo Dye Thin Film Prepared by Photo‐alignment and Its Photostability Enhancement
Authors: Gao Yi-Yang , Tseng Man-chun , Ho Yeuk-Lung , Cheng Yue-Chu , Vashchenko Olena , Vashchenko Valerii , Tang Shu-Tuen , Yeung Fion Sze-Yan , Kwok Hoi-Sing
Published: August 2023

Ultrathin (<200nm) azo dye polarizing film with a high dichroic ratio (over 150) is developed by photo‐alignment methods. Polarizing film prepared by solution‐based process (post‐ photoalignment) and evaporation (in‐situ photo‐alignment) with a family of azo dye materials with slightly different molecular structures is explored. We study the photostability of these azo‐dye films against polarized light. Methods and factors of getting high dichroic ratio and high photostability polarizing films are discussed.
P‐87: New Liquid Crystal Materials for Outdoor Displays
Authors: Li Ji , Liu Xiao , Wang Yanan , Wang Jinzhi , Zhao Rentang , Xie Zhongjing
Published: August 2023

Outdoor displays are widely applied in markets, rail transits and bus stations as a replacement for traditional posters. Due to the relatively harsh operation environment, materials for outdoor displays, such as liquid crystals (LCs), require better stability and reliability than normal indoor products. Herein, to evaluate the difference in reliability and optical properties between normal LCs and outdoor LCs, three LC materials including one normal LC, named LC‐Ref, and two outdoor LCs, LC‐1 and LC‐ 2, were assessed. Compared with LC‐Ref, LC‐1 and LC‐2 displayed wider nematic phase ranges and better reliability. Even though outdoor LCs exhibited right‐shifted V‐T curves, LC‐1 and LC‐2 could achieve similar transmittance ratios with LC‐Ref utilizing high driving voltage. Moreover, utilizing high‐ brightness backlight units (BLUs), outdoor LCs showed faster Toff than LC‐Ref with normal BLUs. Overall, LC‐1 and LC‐2 are potentially excellent LC materials for outdoor displays.
P‐94: Enhancement of the reliability of TFT‐LCD displays by focusing on study of RDC
Authors: Zhou Shixin , Zhao Rentang , Chen Jie , Hsieh Chung-Ching , Xiao Juncheng
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the test of residual DC voltage was carried out on the test cells with different combinations of liquid crystal (LC), polyimide alignment film (PI) and color resist flat layer (PFA). Combined with the circuit simulation results, the residual DC voltage was comprehensively analyzed, it is its characteristics of "fast accumulation" and "slow release" that lead to the decrease in the reliability of TFT‐LCD display. By analyzing the characteristic parameters of related materials, we have given the optimal combination of materials to reduce the residual DC voltage. As various application scenarios require higher and higher panel performance and their material combinations become more and more complex, the research results in this article will be of great significance for improving the reliability of TFT‐LCD displays.
P‐170: Late‐News Poster: Programmable and Pixelated Liquid Crystal Lens
Authors: Chen Ming Syuan , Chang Chia Ming , Hu Guo Lin , Chen Hung Shan
Published: August 2023

We demonstrated a programmable and pixelated liquid crystal (LC) lens which can pixelated control optical power between negative lens and positive lens. The LC lens is composed of high aperture ratio thin film transistor (TFT) polarization rotator and wavelength insensitive geometric phase (GP) liquid crystal polymer (LCP) lens. It owns the properties of fast switching(<10ms), thin thickness(<1mm), large aperture size (40mm), and pixelated control. This approach opens new applications including VR/MR systems and ophthalmic lenses.
P‐171: Late‐News Poster: Ultra‐light Liquid Crystal Lenses for AR and VR
Authors: Harding James , Banach Mike , Wheeler May , Reeves Will , Prusinskas Patrick , Wild Barry , Juźwiak Lidia
Published: August 2023

Head mounted display systems are widely available, yet there remain key technical challenges to increase their utility in the market. One such challenge is the conflict for human vision between accommodation and vergence when viewing virtual images. At worst this leads to an uncomfortable viewing experience and at best it limits the stereoscopic range. The transition from fixed focal length optics to systems that can be tuned to match the virtual content promises to change to this paradigm. In this paper we describe a tunable liquid crystal lens based on Fresnel optics that allows variable focus of the virtual image. Crucially this is the first time this type of lens has been made with ultra‐thin, light bioplastic films instead of glass, uniquely enabling attractive product form factors.
P‐30: Analysis of Deterioration Mechanism of Sealing Force in LTPS‐LCD 7 mask Technology and Improve Mode
Authors: Deng Chao , Lan Xuexin , Liu Bingping , Huang Yanshan , Lin Chunrong , Yang Keshi , Yan Dandan , Lin Yaoxin , Chen Kuochao , Yang Xianyan
Published: August 2023

With an inbuilt structure of using the inorganic film passivation layer instead of the organic layers in Liquid Crystal Display with 7mask technology, sealing force is deteriorated. This paper is devoted to find the mechanism of the deterioration and developed a way to improve.
P‐32: Stress analysis of LED Welding Pin on Glass Based MLED Curved Light Board
Authors: Sun Jiwei , Zhu Hongli , Qiu Yue , lu Kun , Li Yubiao , Song Zeyu , Zheng Hui
Published: August 2023

In MLED curved backlight products, studying the film layer, component peeling and failure of MLED light plates is an important research point. In this paper, simulation analysis and actual testing were conducted to address the question of whether the internal stress caused by the bending of MLED light plates would lead to LED failure. According to the simulation results, when the curvature radius of the light board is less than R630mm, the LED will be peeled off due to the internal stress caused by bending. Meanwhile, based on the simulation and test results, the applicable curvature radius range of the glass‐based MLED light board was derived and an improvement scheme for the longitudinal alignment of LEDs was proposed. In addition, reliability tests (temperature 60°C, humidity 90, 1000h) were conducted to test the cumulative effect of the internal stresses generated at the LED solder pin positions in the time axis under different radii of curvature. The results showed that no LED peeling and failure occurred in all cases, which verified that it is feasible to make curved products with Glass‐based MLED light board.
P‐33: Research on the application direction of Mini‐LED glass ‐ based laser technology
Authors: Zhao Jing Ping , Wang Lili , Feng Sha , Wang Jing , Jia Mingming , Wang Huaimin , Fen Shanshan , Liu Mengqing , Liu Chao , Zhai Ming , Sun Haiwei
Published: August 2023

In recent years, the range of laser applications in various fields is increasing in a visible speed. In particular, ultra‐short pulse laser, with its non‐contact, high precision, small thermal effect, high flexibility, in the field of fine processing, especially in the semiconductor electronics industry, is rapidly replacing the traditional processing methods.

Mini‐LED is diode that is smaller than normal LED. Thanks to the smaller size of diodes, more leds can be combined to provide more discrete dimming areas. Mini‐LED has the characteristics of ultra‐ high brightness, ultra‐high contrast, ultra‐wide color gamut and extremely low frequency flash, which has great potential for future development. In the Mini‐LED industry, laser technology in cutting, drilling, etching, cleaning and other aspects have a very high application value. In this paper, the application direction of laser technology in Mini‐LED glass base will be discussed.
P‐37: Design and research of thermal soaking scheme for COG display module
Authors: Shao-fei Guo , Ping Li , Shi-peng Wang , Bo Gao , Chao Tian , haiwei Sun
Published: August 2023

Glass direct current product USES the uA level, LED chip light‐emitting efficiency under different temperature differences. Because of the glass substrate, high thermal conductivity, glass and metal bracket assembled light board, due to the contact position and not contact position Z to thermal resistance difference is bigger, results in a larger temperature difference in the surface, lead to white picture, stimulation and phenomenon of tic‐tac‐toe grid. Analyze the lamp plate heat source, according to the thermal distribution of different location, by adopting insulation tape, multilayer graphite flake scheme improve lamp plate to the heat conduction ability, X/Y for COF package IC and light insulating board contact with the aluminum frame position, improve the mold inside lamp panel heat distribution. Test: by improving measures after the light in the same drive power module can be glass straight under in‐plane horizontal arrows temperature reduced from 2.5 ℃ to 1.4 ℃, the improved white showing effect.
P‐38: Display Industry Industrial Robot Failure Warning System
Authors: Yang Wankun , Zhu Erqing , Huang Zhubing , Zhang Yi
Published: August 2023

Along with the concept of "Industry 4.0" in recent years, intelligent manufacturing has been increasingly emphasized by many enterprises in the production process. In the display industry, the normal and efficient operation of industrial robots is directly related to the output and yield of a company 's products. The "failure warning system" introduced in this paper enables real‐time monitoring and analysis of key parameters of the robot. This ensures that the status and operation of the robot's components are always available, so that maintenance can be planned in advance and uncontrollable downtime can be avoided
P‐39: The New Method to Solve Low‐Gray Mura by Optimizing Oven Structure
Authors: Ni Shuibin , Lu Zhong , Yuan Nana , Luo Jie , Xie Yin , Fu Yongyi , Wang Zhen
Published: August 2023

With the development of advanced mobile phone, the demand of display quality is getting higher and higher. As the key evaluation standard of display quality, low‐gray mura must be improved. In this paper, the relationship between low‐gray mura and heating process is studied. We find that it is affected by three factors: lamp heater, power distribution, and process gas. And we can improved it through optimizing oven structure.
P‐40: TFT‐LCD a‐Si Wet Etch Technology
Authors: Xu Ya-dong , Wu Zhao-jian , Sun Meng-xiang , Zhang Fu-gang , Wang Zhen-yu
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we investigate a technology to change the method and principle of n+ a‐Si:H etching from conventional dry etch to the innovative wet etch in TFT LCD fabrication. The technology is based on the development of a new wet metal etching solution and the design of the thinnest film thickness of a‐Si:H in the industry, combined with the etching process development, to achieve the etching of two different film layers of metal and N+ a‐Si:H in the back channel of TFT switches in one‐ step(Abbreviated as NW process). The process can effectively improve the capacity of Dry Etch process (Skip N+ Dry Etch); improve the uniformity of back channel a‐Si:H Remain (16.3%‐ >7.6% ); improve product characteristics (Dark I on（ TFT working current） 5.5‐>6.0); improve yield (Yield rate↑0.3%).The process has been successfully developed for the first time in Wuhan BOE and has been widely used for batch products, meanwhile, the process has been extended to Hefei BOE and Fuzhou BOE, and other BOE line sites are also actively exploring the experiment.
P‐19: A Design and application of MIP special driving system for low power Glass‐based products
Authors: Zhao Jing , Bai Zixuan , Liu Yujie , Long Feng , Chen Xiuyun
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a design and application of low power handwritten tablet is proposed. Based on glass‐based MIP low power LCD technology for a 8‐inch product , the multi‐lane SPI series parallel decoding circuit is used to improve the decoding speed of image data transmission, At the same time, it can be refreshed in units of 1 line for partial refresh by means of address decoding. Because the communication and decoding interface of MIP LCD technology is a non‐general interface, an adaptive dedicated driving system is proposed simultaneously, including SOC, MCU, MIP LCD screen, stylus and touch sensor processing. In this driving system, SOC is transmitted to MCU through USB HS, and MCU drives MIP display by customized SPI interface. It can realize the global refresh, partial refresh and stylus touch through data processing which matching the unique data requirements of MIP and adopting multi‐buffer and thread separation. The low‐ power handwritten tablet solution proposed in this paper can significantly reduce power consumption with static power consumption of 25uW and full‐screen refresh rate reach 25Hz while partial refresh rate (100 lines) can be up to 300Hz. Combined with 8color display and stylus partial refresh application, the display content is richer and the response speed is increased by 42.8%, user experience is greatly improved.