bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Everyday stories: The people’s archive and the rural in ‘new’ India
Authors: Srinivasan Ragini Tharoor
Published: April 2016

This article is a case study of the People’s Archive of Rural India, a multimedia digital archive founded by journalist P. Sainath, which debuted online in December 2014. PARI features photographs, videos, interviews, audio files and articles that seek to illuminate the lives of the over 833 million people who live in rural India. Focusing on the narrative form of the ‘story’ and the universalizing temporality of the ‘everyday’, the article asks, ‘What is the relationship between PARI’s rural India and the “New” India to which it ostensibly belongs? How do PARI’s textual and visual mediations work together to produce the rural as a region?’. The article explores the relevance of postcolonial theory for the study of cultural production in the time of ‘New’ India, while arguing that PARI offers a Janus-faced depiction of the rural as urban India’s historically entrenched Other, on the one hand, and as a critical outside to the neo-liberal imagination, on the other.
Suficiência amostral para cravina de jardim cultivada em diferentes substratos
Authors: Lopes Sidinei José , Milani Marília , Lúcio Alessandro Dal´Col , Storck Lindolfo
Published: April 2016

The cravina is an excellent plant to build up gardens due to its early flowering, abundant flowering and great performance in spring and autumn. The objective was to estimate the sample size for plant chinese pink, grown on different substrates, and check the variability of the sample size between growth parameters and production and substrates. They used seven treatments (substrates): S1 = 50% soil + 50% rice husk ash; S2 = 80% soil + 20% earthworm castings; S3 = 80% rice husk ash + 20% earthworm castings; S4 = 40% soil + 40% rice husk ash + 20% earthworm castings; S5 = 100% peat; S6 = 100% commercial substrate Mecplant®; S7 = 50% peat + 50% rice husk ash, with 56 repetitions each, totaling 392 plants of garden pink, which was evaluated in 17 of growth and production parameters. The methodology used to bootstrap resampling, with replacement, for each character within each substrate with predetermined error: 5, 10, 20 and 40% of the average (D%). To a 95% confidence interval, with D = 20%, the substrate 50% soil and 50% of rice husk ash had the largest sample size 11 characters; when comparing the characters , the number of flower buds had the highest sample size on average 113 plants. Using samples of 44 plant chinese pink for commercial substrate Mecplant® meet the lower precisions or equal to 20% for all variables. There is variation in sample size in relation to the substrate used and the variable evaluated in chinese pink plants.
Numerical Non-Equilibrium and Smoothing of Solutions in The Difference Method for Plane 2-Dimensional Adhesive Joints / Nierównowaga Numeryczna i Wygładzanie Rozwiazań w Metodzie Różnicowej Dla Dwuwymiarowych Połączeń Klejowych
Authors: Rapp Piotr
Published: April 2016

The subject of the paper is related to problems with numerical errors in the finite difference method used to solve equations of the theory of elasticity describing 2- dimensional adhesive joints in the plane stress state. Adhesive joints are described in terms of displacements by four elliptic partial differential equations of the second order with static and kinematic boundary conditions. If adhesive joint is constrained as a statically determinate body and is loaded by a self-equilibrated loading, the finite difference solution is sensitive to kinematic boundary conditions. Displacements computed at the constraints are not exactly zero. Thus, the solution features a numerical error as if the adhesive joint was not in equilibrium. Herein this phenomenon is called numerical non-equilibrium. The disturbances in displacements and stress distributions can be decreased or eliminated by a correction of loading acting on the adhesive joint or by smoothing of solutions based on Dirichlet boundary value problem.
Effect of Extending Hot Weather Periods on Approach to Floor Construction in Moderate Climate Residential Buildings / Wpływ Przedłużających Się Okresów Występowania Wysokich Temperatur Letnich Na Podejście Do Projektowania Podłogi Na Gruncie w Budynkach Mieszkalnych w Krajach Klimatu Umiarkowanego
Authors: Staszczuk Anna , Kuczyński Tadeusz
Published: April 2016

The effects of changes in Global climate on the prolonging time and the frequency of the periods of very high outside air temperature at summer were shown in the paper with particular emphasis on European moderate climate countries. In these countries, residential buildings, are usually equipped neither in air conditioning equipment, nor in ordinary window blinds. As the most promising solution it is suggested to resign completely or partially from ground slab thermal insulation, directly utilizing ground heat storage capacity. The paper includes detailed simulations on potential effect of various kind of floor construction and actions preventing high indoor air temperatures in building approach on air temperature inside the one-storey, passive residential buildings during consecutive days of very high outdoor temperature and total energy used yearly for additional heating and air conditioning.
Optimally controlled heating of solid particles in a fluidised bed with a dispersive flow of the solid
Authors: Poświata Artur , Szwast Zbigniew
Published: April 2016

In this study the authors minimise the total process cost for the heating of solid particles in a horizontal fluidised bed by an optimal choice of the inlet heating gas temperature profile and the total gas flow. Solid particles flowed along the apparatus and were heated by a hot gas entering from the bottom of the fluidised apparatus. The hydrodynamics of the fluidised bed is described by a two-phase Kunii - Levenspiel model. We assumed that the gas was flowing only vertically, whereas solid particles were flowing horizontally and because of dispersion they could be additionally mixed up in the same direction. The mixing rate was described by the axial dispersion coefficient. As any economic values of variables describing analysing process are subject to local and time fluctuations, the accepted objective function describes the total cost of the process expressed in exergy units. The continuous optimisation algorithm of the Maximum Principle was used for calculations. A mathematical model of the process, including boundary conditions in a form convenient for optimisation, was derived and presented. The optimization results are presented as an optimal profile of inlet gas temperature. The influence of heat transfer kinetics and dispersion coefficients on optimal runs of the heating process is discussed. Results of this discussion constitute a novelty in comparison to information presented in current literature.
Parametric sensitivity of a CFD model concerning the hydrodynamics of trickle-bed reactor (TBR)
Authors: Janecki Daniel , Burghardt Andrzej , Bartelmus Grażyna
Published: April 2016

The aim of the present study was to investigate the sensitivity of a multiphase Eulerian CFD model with respect to relations defining drag forces between phases. The mean relative error as well as standard deviation of experimental and computed values of pressure gradient and average liquid holdup were used as validation criteria of the model. Comparative basis for simulations was our own data-base obtained in experiments carried out in a TBR operating at a co-current downward gas and liquid flow. Estimated errors showed that the classical equations of Attou et al. (1999) defining the friction factors Fjk approximate experimental values of hydrodynamic parameters with the best agreement. Taking this into account one can recommend to apply chosen equations in the momentum balances of TBR.
Pervaporation applied for dewatering of reaction mixture during esterification
Authors: Krasiński Andrzej , Wierzba Patrycja , Grudzień Agata , Hajmowicz Halina , Zawada Krzysztof , Synoradzki Ludwik
Published: April 2016

In this work the esterification of diethyl tartrate was studied. The research was focused on the enhancement of reversible reaction yield, which is accomplished by dewatering of the reaction mixture. The removal of water shifts the equilibrium towards the main product. Pervaporation was applied for this purpose, and results were compared to distillation. The advantages and limitations of both processes are discussed. The experimental part consists of dewatering of mixture after the reaction had reached the equilibrium, and was subsequently fed to the test rig equipped with a single zeolite membrane purchased from Pervatech B.V. Results show a significant conversion increase as a result of water removal by pervaporation. Compared to distillation no addition of organics is necessary to efficiently remove water above the azeotrope. Nevertheless, some limitations and issues which call for optimisation are pointed out. A simple numerical model is proposed to support design and sizing of the pervaporation system. Various modes of integrated system operation are also briefly discussed.
A new locality of orchid Orchis purpurea Huds. in Cieszyn Foothills (Czech Republic)
Authors: Beczała Tomasz , Chmura Damian , Jonderko Tomasz
Published: April 2016

Orchis purpurea Huds. is protected species both in the Czech Republic and Poland. In 2014 a new locality was found in Kojkovice (district Třinec) in the Cieszyn Foothils near border with Poland. The only one blooming individual was observed in 2014 and 2015 but it was accompanied by other 6 orchid species, that were much more abundant, as: Orchis pallens, Orchis mascula subsp. signifera, Listera ovata, Platanthera bifolia, Cephalanthera damasonium, Neottia nidus-avis. The Kojkovice forest deserves to be protected area due to abundant occurrence of many orchids.
CSR and the Frontline Context: How Social Programs Improve Customer Service
Authors: Korschun Daniel , Bhattacharya CB , Swain Scott D.
Published: April 2016

CSR activities such as charitable giving, environmental programs and ethical practices can motivate frontline employees. One of the key variables is organizational identification. CSR communicates values, and, if these values are consistent with a person’s own value system, it results in higher identification with the company.
Employees who notice that consumers are fond of the company’s CSR activities will identify even more with the company. If CSR ranks high in their own personal value system and the value system of the consumer as well, they find common ground for conversations beyond immediate business talk. CSR can be an icebreaker in conversations with customers. Once service employees find out that customers share their passion for social or environmental causes, it creates a bond that is highly motivating. They become more confident that they know what the customers want. They are more motivated to serve those customers when they see that both of them care about the same sorts of things.
Communicating Eco-Friendly Benefits: Why Accidental Improvements May Be Better Received by Consumers
Authors: Newman George E. , Dhar Ravi , Gorlin Margarita
Published: April 2016

Doing good does not necessarily imply doing well for a company. Ironically, in the case of green products it can even be quite the contrary. Deliberately enhancing a product with environmental benefits to make it more appealing may actually lead to a decrease in consumer interest because consumers suspect that quality was reduced on other dimensions. Even explicitly stating that the company cares about both the environment and quality is not sufficient to overcome consumers’ skepticism, according to our experiments. Fortunately, there are ways to communicate environmental improvements successfully. Companies improving a basic product feature like making something more eco-friendly should either position the improvement as unintended or emphasize that the primary goal is improving the quality of the product. Focusing on eco-conscious market segments also helps to avoid harm and might even be beneficial. Improvements on dimensions that are not inherent to a product’s composition, like fair trade or other social benefits, turned out to be less critical in the experiments.
Optimal Spatial Prediction Using Ensemble Machine Learning
Authors: Davies Molly Margaret , van der Laan Mark J.
Published: April 2016

Spatial prediction is an important problem in many scientific disciplines. Super Learner is an ensemble prediction approach related to stacked generalization that uses cross-validation to search for the optimal predictor amongst all convex combinations of a heterogeneous candidate set. It has been applied to non-spatial data, where theoretical results demonstrate it will perform asymptotically at least as well as the best candidate under consideration. We review these optimality properties and discuss the assumptions required in order for them to hold for spatial prediction problems. We present results of a simulation study confirming Super Learner works well in practice under a variety of sample sizes, sampling designs, and data-generating functions. We also apply Super Learner to a real world dataset.
Progress in kinetic predictions for complex reaction of hydrocarbons: from mechanism studies to industrial applications
Authors: Shi Shuo , Tan Wei , Sun Jinsheng
Published: April 2016

Kinetic predictions for complex reaction systems of hydrocarbons are theoretically and technologically crucial to the petrochemical industry. Among several proposed kinetic models, a lumping kinetic model is a comparatively simple and developed method wherein a complex system is lumped into several pseudo-components. To acquire more accurate mechanistic information, kinetic models at the mechanistic level are developed, such as single-event kinetic and structure-oriented models. However, the number of kinetic parameters increases exponentially in these methods. Lumping kinetic methods are then reexamined, and kinetic models, such as relumping single-event kinetic methods, bimolecular methods, and special pseudo-component methods, are proposed to simplify the reaction system. Many mathematical methods, such as annealing algorithm or artificial neural networks, have also been developed to solve these complex reaction problems. Although a number of complex intrinsic reaction studies have been introduced, the combination of excellent prediction performances and practical industrial applicability remains a central challenge facing this field. This situation motivated this study, to review the recent development of reaction prediction models and their application in industrial processes. Furthermore, the practical applications of these possible pathways of kinetic predictions for mechanistic studies are addressed.
Epigenetic regulation of the histone-to-protamine transition during spermiogenesis
Authors: Bao Jianqiang , Bedford Mark T
Published: April 2016

In mammals, male germ cells differentiate from haploid round spermatids to flagella-containing motile sperm in a process called spermiogenesis. This process is distinct from somatic cell differentiation in that the majority of the core histones are replaced sequentially, first by transition proteins and then by protamines, facilitating chromatin hyper-compaction. This histone-to-protamine transition process represents an excellent model for the investigation of how epigenetic regulators interact with each other to remodel chromatin architecture. Although early work in the field highlighted the critical roles of testis-specific transcription factors in controlling the haploid-specific developmental program, recent studies underscore the essential functions of epigenetic players involved in the dramatic genome remodeling that takes place during wholesale histone replacement. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how epigenetic players, such as histone variants and histone writers/readers/erasers, rewire the haploid spermatid genome to facilitate histone substitution by protamines in mammals.
Mujeres dramaturgas obreras a principios del siglo xx en Chile y la estrategia de la escritura solapada
Authors: Alvarado Borgoño Miguel
Published: April 2016

Este artículo se constituye desde el estudio y presentación exploratoria de una creación escritural que a la vez es una “no escritura”, la cual se instituyó en una palabra dramatúrgica concreta, la que al mismo tiempo definió un proceso histórico. Específicamente hablaremos de la contribución de mujeres proletarias en la creación, representación y recepción de la dramaturgia anarquista chilena de principios del siglo xx. Ello como un modo de autoría indesmentible, no solo en la constitución de los personajes, sino también en el aporte encubierto de voces femeninas silenciadas, pero que, no obstante, en estos textos dramáticos de agitación están plenamente presentes a nivel valórico; expresándose en una subjetividad creativa femenina que se diferencia de la voz masculina con nitidez. Lo anterior asumido desde la perspectiva de la antropología literaria.
Juventudes universitarias de izquierda. De la lucha ideológica a la violencia política
Authors: Acevedo Tarazona Álvaro , Villabona Ardila Juliana
Published: April 2016

Tal como sucedió en otros lugares del mundo, en Colombia durante las décadas de los sesenta y los setenta primó un ambiente de lucha revolucionaria. Los líderes sindicales, los antiguos militantes del partido Comunista, algunos literatos y artistas de avanzada y los jóvenes universitarios fueron atraídos, desde puntos de vista ideológico, emocional y político por las corrientes discursivas que abogaban por una revolución total. Este artículo analiza los casos de cinco jóvenes que pasaron de la lucha ideológica a empuñar las armas. Son los casos de Jaime Arenas Reyes, Víctor Medina Morón, Fabio y Manuel Vásquez Castaño y Ricardo Lara Parada, quienes conformaron el primer núcleo de lo que se conocería después como Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN). Un análisis prosopográfico de estos cinco casos nos permitirá ver la estrecha relación entre el ambiente universitario de las décadas de los sesenta y setenta y el surgimiento de la lucha armada en Colombia.
A Trinomial Difference Distribution
Authors: Omair Maha A. , Alzaid Abdulhamid , Odhah Omalsad
Published: April 2016

A trinomial difference distribution is defined and its distributional properties are illustrated. This distribution present the binomial difference distribution as a special case. The moment estimators and maximum likelihood estimators of the trinomial difference distribution are compared via simulation study. Two applications are modeled with the trinomial difference distribution and compared with other possible distributions.
A Graphical Diagnostic Test for Two-Way Contingency Tables
Authors: Vélez Jorge Iván , Marmolejo-Ramos Fernando , Correa Juan Carlos
Published: April 2016

We propose and illustrate a new graphical method to perform diagnostic analyses in two-way contingency tables. In this method, one observation is added or removed from each cell at a time, whilst the other cells are held constant, and the change in a test statistic of interest is graphically represented. The method provides a very simple way of determining how robust our model is (and hence our conclusions) to small changes introduced to the data. We illustrate via four examples, three of them from real-world applications, how this method works.
Os pressupostos filosóficos do maquiavelismo e o surgimento da via moderna em política
Authors: Jacarandá Rodolfo
Published: April 2016

No cenário intelectual do renascimento italiano o pensamento político de Nicolau Maquiavel antecedeu e influenciou grandes inovações que fundaram a modernidade. Um movimento geral de ideias definido no século XVI e XVII pelo conceito de maquiavelismo engendrou mudanças profundas na arquitetura conceitual dos pensadores e articulistas dos assuntos públicos, afetando a obra de grandes filósofos, de Bodin e Lipsius até Hobbes. A partir de pesquisa desenvolvidas no programa de doutorado em filosofia da Unicamp pretendo demonstrar neste trabalho quais foram os pressupostos filosóficos centrais dessa ruptura e como Maquiavel reconstruiu em suas principais obras, O Príncipe e Os discursos sobre a primeira década de Tito Lívio, uma série de conceitos antigos para dar-lhes um sentido completamente novo e radical.
Esperanças docentes em uma escola pública no oeste do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Ahlert Alvori
Published: April 2016

O presente estudo discute o tema da esperança futura na profissão docente com o objetivo de identificar o nível de esperança com que as pessoas docentes enfrentam sua vida cotidiana no complexo contexto educacional da atualidade em uma escola pública no oeste do Paraná. A pesquisa foi realizada pela Linha de Pesquisa Formação de Professores do Grupo de Extensão e Pesquisa em Educação Física Escolar – GEPEFE, numa escola pública no Oeste do Paraná, através de uma abordagem quantitativa, de nível descritivo. A discussão dos resultados evidencia que as pessoas docentes possuem um alto nível de esperança, acompanhada de uma auto-imagem ou auto-representação e auto-conceito que conferem grande valor ao trabalho que realizam. Trata-se de docentes que tem a dimensão afetiva e emocional para sua atividade profissional e em suas realizações como educadores e educadoras.

 

En este estudio se discute el tema de la esperanza  para el futuro en la profesión docente con el fin de identificar el nivel de esperanza con que maestras y maestros enfrentan la vida cotidiana en el contexto complejo educativo de hoy, en una escuela pública en el oeste de Paraná. La pesquisa fue realizada por la Línea de Investigación de Formación Grupo de Extensión de la Enseñanza y la Investigación de la Escuela de Educación Física - GEPEFE a través de un enfoque cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo. La discusión muestra que el profesorado tiene un alto nivel de esperanza, acompañado por una imagen propia o de auto-representación y auto-concepto que conceden gran valor a su trabajo. Se trata de docentes que tienen una dimensión afectiva y emocional para sus actividades profesionales y sus logros como educadoras y educadores.
Report of learning experiences in didactical conditions for teaching grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation to Katty, a student with dyslexia
Authors: Díaz-Ducca Jenaro A.
Published: April 2016

Debido a la necesidad de literatura reciente sobre la enseñanza del Inglés como Lengua Extranjera (EFL) para estudiantes con dislexia en Costa Rica, así como para determinar cuáles son las condiciones didácticas más efectivas para enseñar gramática, vocabulario y pronunciación a una estudiante con dislexia, se desarrolló un estudio de caso con enfoque cualitativo en un contexto de investigación-acción, durante un curso de nivel intermedio en un programa de venta de servicios de enseñanza para personas adultas en una universidad estatal costarricense. Se consideraron las dificultades y necesidades de la estudiante para la lectura y la pronunciación, además de variables afectivas como motivación, ansiedad, y refuerzo positivo. La información se recopiló mediante entrevistas a fondo, bitácoras del profesor, y evaluaciones durante 14 semanas. Se usaron adecuaciones curriculares no significativas como reducir el número de ítemes o extender el tiempo para responderlos. Respecto a hallazgos, las condiciones didácticas más exitosas para actividades orales fueron que la estudiante se sentara cerca del profesor, trabajo en grupos, repetición de instrucciones, refuerzo positivo y tutorías con el investigador. Sin embargo, la repetición y práctica, o el uso de la lengua materna para explicar la gramática no tuvieron éxito para ejercicios escritos de gramática ni la ortografía. Aunque prácticas de fonética fueron efectivas para la pronunciación de /s/, /∫/, y /t∫/ como fonemas o en palabras aisladas, no se observó mejoría durante conversaciones. Como resultado afectivo, la autoconfianza de la estudiante se acentuó. Se concluye que el planeamiento de lecciones basado en condiciones didácticas, la persistencia, y la empatía entre estudiante y profesor son fundamentales para el aprendizaje exitoso y significativo. Además, el apoyo de la familia y la comunidad escolar benefician a estudiantes y profesores.
Editor’s Introduction
Authors: Lantolf James P.
Published: April 2016

Editor’s Introduction
On-site SEM and nanomechanical properties of human OI bone
Authors: Gu Chunju , Katti Dinesh R. , Katti Kalpana S.
Published: April 2016

Modulus mapping and on-site field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) nanoindentation are both applied for the first time on ‘undisturbed’ healthy human and osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) human cortical bones in this work. Modulus mapping reveals the elastic moduli of hydroxyapatite and collagen to be 189·9 and 2·4 GPa for the normal bone and 294·7 GPa and 2·9 GPa for the OI bone respectively. Modulus mapping also indicates a spatial variation in the elastic moduli consistent with the distribution of mineralized fibril and extrafibrillar mineral. The diameter of collagen fibers and the size of mineral crystals in OI are observed to be smaller, and the mineral crystal in OI is also observed to be less anisotropic than those from the normal bone. The median elastic moduli of the OI bone sample are greater than those of the normal bone. On-site FE-SEM nanoindentation reveals the existence of a highly mineralized inner ring with higher elastic moduli adjacent to the Haversian canal and that the elastic nanomechanical properties of interstitial lamellae are greater than those of osteonal lamellae. A periodic modulation in modulus corresponding to the width of a lamella is also observed in on-site FE-SEM nanoindentation.
Overcoming Barriers in Kidney Health—Forging a Platform for Innovation
Authors: Linde Peter G. , Archdeacon Patrick , Breyer Matthew D. , Ibrahim Tod , Inrig Jula K. , Kewalramani Reshma , Lee Celeste Castillo , Neuland Carolyn Y. , Roy-Chaudhury Prabir , Sloand James A. , Meyer Rachel , Smith Kimberly A. , Snook Jennifer , West Melissa , Falk Ronald J.
Published: April 2016

Innovation in kidney diseases is not commensurate with the effect of these diseases on human health and mortality or innovation in other key therapeutic areas. A primary cause of the dearth in innovation is that kidney diseases disproportionately affect a demographic that is largely disenfranchised, lacking sufficient advocacy, public attention, and funding. A secondary and likely consequent cause is that the existing infrastructure supporting nephrology research pales in comparison with those for other internal medicine specialties, especially cardiology and oncology. Citing such inequities, however, is not enough. Changing the status quo will require a coordinated effort to identify and redress the existing deficits. Specifically, these deficits relate to the need to further develop and improve the following: understanding of the disease mechanisms and pathophysiology, patient engagement and activism, clinical trial infrastructure, and investigational clinical trial designs as well as coordinated efforts among critical stakeholders. This paper identifies potential solutions to these barriers, some of which are already underway through the Kidney Health Initiative. The Kidney Health Initiative is unique and will serve as a current and future platform from which to overcome these barriers to innovation in nephrology.
The Distributional Effects of a Carbon Tax on Current and Future Generations
Authors: Fried Stephie , Novan Kevin , Peterman William B.
Published: April 2016

This paper examines the non-environmental welfare effects of introducing a revenue- neutral carbon tax policy. Using a life cycle model, we find that the welfare effects of the policy differ substantially for agents who are alive when the policy is enacted compared to those who are born into the new steady state with the carbon tax in place. Consistent with previous studies, we demonstrate that, for those born in the new steady state, the welfare costs are always lower when the carbon tax revenue is used to reduce an existing distortionary tax as opposed to being returned in the form of lump-sum payments. In contrast, during the transition, we find that rebating the revenue with a lump sum transfer is less costly than using the revenue to reduce the distortionary labor tax. Additionally, we find that the tax policy is substantially more regressive over the transition than in the steady state, regardless of what is done with the revenue. Overall, our results demonstrate that estimates of the non-environmental welfare costs of carbon tax policies that are based solely on the long-run, steady state outcomes may ultimately paint too rosy of a picture. Thus, when designing climate policies, policymakers must pay careful attention to not only the long-run outcomes, but also the transitional welfare costs and regressivity of the policy.
P- T PATH RECONSTRUCTION IN NEOPROTEROZOIC GARNET-BEARING PARAGNEISSES FROM A METASEDIMENTARY SUCCESSION OF THE SOUTH WESTERN ARAÇUAÍ OROGEN, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL
Authors: Degler Reik , Novo Tiago Amâncio , Schulz Bernhard , Queiroga Gláucia Nascimento
Published: April 2016

Abstract: This paper focuses on pressure- and temperature path analyses in paragneisses from a metasedimentary succession (MSS) in the south western Araçuaí orogen. The sampling area is limited by the Abre Campo shear zone (West) and the Rio Doce Magmatic Arc (East). This region is rich in ortho-derived metamorphic basement rocks (Mantiqueira and the Juiz de Fora complexes) and para-derived metamorphic rocks, including paragneisses interlaid by quartzites, which form the MSS. The sampled rocks are mainly compost of quartz, plagioclase, garnet, K-Feldspar, orthopyroxene and sillimanite. Measurement spot profiles through garnet porphyroblasts show a certain zonation characterised by decrease in pyrope and the increase in almandine from the core to the rim. This implies retrograde growth. Metamorphic conditions are of high amphibolite- to granulite facies with maximum pressure of ca. 6 kbar and maximum temperature of ca. 700°C. The data suggest that the cores of the garnet porphyroblasts of MSS started to grow during the final deformation stage of the Araçuaí orogen (south western part); the event of decompression is captured in the rims of the porphyroblasts and related to the gravitational collapse in the Cambrian. Keywords: P-T path, metasedimentary succession, geothermobarometry, Araçuaí orogenResumo: RECONSTRUÇÃO DE TRAJETÓRIAS P-T EM PARAGNAISSES GRANADÍFEROS NEOPROTEROZÓICOS DA UMA SUCESSÃO METASSEDIMENTAR NO SUDOESTE DO ORÓGENO ARAÇUAÍ, MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL. Este estudo foca analises de caminhos de pressão e temperatura em paragnaisses de sucessão metassedimentar (SMS) da região sudoeste do Orógeno Araçuaí. A área de amostragem é limitada pela zona de cisalhamento de Abre Campo a oeste e pelo Arco Magmático Rio Doce a leste. A região é rica em rochas metamórficas de alto grau ortoderivadas (complexos Mantiqueira e Juiz de Fora do embasamento) e paraderivadas; incluindo paragnaisses intercalados a quartzitos, que formam o SMS. As rochas amostradas são compostas por quartzo, plagioclásio, granada, feldspato potássio, ortopiroxênio e sillimanita. Perfis de pontos de análise em porfiroblastos de granada mostram certo zoneamento caracterizado pela redução de piropo e por aumento de almadina do núcleo para borda; isto implica em crescimento de cristal sob condições de metamorfismo retrógrado. Condições metamórficas são de fácies anfibolito alto a granulito com um máximo de pressão de ca. 6 kbar e com temperatura máxima de ca. 700°C. Os dados sugerem que porfiroblastos de granada da SMS têm nucleação e início de crescimento durante o final da etapa deformacional principal compressiva do Orógeno Araçuaí (região sudoeste do orógeno); o evento de descompressão captado em bordas dos porfiroblastos foi relacionando ao colapso gravitacional no Cambriano. Palavras-chave: Trajetórias P-T, sucessão metassedimentar, geotermobarometria, Orógeno Araçuaí
Alignment and study of prototypes of the Offner hyperspectrometer
Authors: Karpeev S. V. , Khonina S. N. , Murdagulov A. R. , Petrov M. V.
Published: April 2016

A prototype of the hyperspectrometer based on the Offner scheme has been tested. Drawings have been produced and the main mirror elements of the hyperspectrometer including diffraction grating on a convex spherical surface have been fabricated. The profile of the grating groove has been measured and light energy distribution in diffraction orders has been modeled as a function of wavelength. Optomechanical elements for the necessary alignments of the hyperspectrometer elements have been designed and manufactured. Adjustment of the optical prototyping scheme has been implemented and point images for three wavelengths of monochromatic radiation have been obtained. Distribution of light energy in diffraction orders and maxima positions are in an agreement with the simulation results. The spectrometer has also been tested on test images in polychromatic radiation under the control of the developed software.
Design Thinking: estratégia para estímulo à literatura por alunos e professores
Authors: Lopes Raphael Gregory Bazílio , Arantes Priscila Barbosa , Klain Ângela
Published: April 2016

O artigo descreve e analisa a realização de protótipo desenvolvido em escola pública de ensino médio situada em São Paulo, capital, com o objetivo de sensibilizar alunos para a leitura de obras clássicas da literatura. O protótipo utilizou estratégias baseadas na Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas e por Projetos (ABPP) e no Design Thinking, por meio dos quais alunos e professores criaram e implementaram ações variadas visando o objetivo proposto. Após a realização do protótipo foram aplicados questionários a professores e alunos para avaliar o processo e resultados alcançados. Os resultados apontam que o protótipo teve sucesso ao evidenciar aos alunos que aspectos estão envolvidos na escolha de obras literárias para leitura e ao sensibilizar e mobilizar os estudantes para a leitura de obras clássicas. 
Educação intercultural no Brasil: entre o conservadorismo e transformações radicais
Authors: Akkari Abdeljalil
Published: April 2016

Este artigo procura analisar o surgimento da educação intercultural no sistema educacional brasileiro. Primeiro, sintetizamos o debate internacional no campo da educação intercultural. Em segundo lugar, buscamos traçar o desenvolvimento das relações interétnicas no Brasil. Descreve-se o pesado legado de escravidão e colonização. Em seguida, o artigo trata das medidas legislativas recentemente aprovadas com o propósito de incentivar a inclusão da diversidade cultural na educação. Finalmente, o texto foca nas abordagens interculturais presentes na formação e no exercício profissional dos professores. O exemplo brasileiro é interessantepois se caracteriza tanto pelo conservadorismo contínuo que impede a legitimidade intercultural nas escolas quanto, ao mesmo tempo, por um profundo debate sobre identidades culturais e a necessidade de levar todas as desigualdades históricas em consideração.
Immunohistochemical detection of serotonin in the kidneyand adrenal of porcupine (Hystrixcristata)
Authors: Tarakci B. Gencer , Gur F. M. , Timurkaan S. , Girgin M. , Yalcin M. H.
Published: April 2016

In the present study, the existence of serotonin immunoreactivity was investigated in the adrenal gland and kidney of porcupine, Hystrix cristata, using immunohistochemical techniques as a pioneer attempt. Serotonin immunoreactivity was detected in adrenal medullary cells, distal tubules and collecting duct cells in kidney.
Palliative and Hospice Care: Educational Needs of Inpatient Registered Nurses
Authors: Ashley Jennifer L. , Fasolino Tracy K.
Published: April 2016

Hospice and palliative care aim to improve the quality of life for patients and families impacted by chronic, serious, and life-threatening illnesses. Patients and families benefit from earlier integration of palliative care and seamless transitions to hospice care. Nurses are an integral part of the care team, and their understanding of these services is critical. However, many nurses do not receive formal education in hospice and palliative care. This leads to lack of skills that nurses need to provide and discuss hospice and palliative care across care settings. Nurses in an acute care setting of a large health system were invited to participate in a survey, Attitudes Towards Care at the End-of-Life. The results of this survey revealed that nurses believe that patients and families need to be communicated with honestly regarding their disease, but nurses lack the knowledge of how to facilitate these discussions. Another key finding is that nurses feel less confident with non-pharmacologic interventions to relieve patients’ suffering. Education is urgently needed in these areas.
The Nurse Philanthropist: Where Care and Cause Meet
Authors: Bazzy Najah
Published: April 2016

A transcultural clinical nurse specialist narrates how nursing has provided ways to exercise her passion for the clinical intellect as it intersects with the compassion of the heart. She encourages nurses to become social justice entrepreneurs, or what she terms Nurse Philanthropists, devoting time, talent, and energy to social justice issues as activists, advocates, and ambassadors. Florence Nightingale was the first Nurse Philanthropist, using wealth she inherited to establish St. Thomas Hospital in London. However, nurses do not have to be wealthy in order to enter the world of philanthropy. Inspired by the work of Madeleine Leininger, the author has established several non-profits that have grown into Zaman International, an organization with more than 4000 volunteers, 220 partner organizations, a baby cemetery, a fresh food program that delivers hot meals to homes, well and water projects in several countries, a vocational training and literacy program, and a one-stop center providing food, clothing, and essential needs for female-headed households living on less than $12,000 a year, helping negotiate a better future for them and re-pattern the cycle of intergenerational poverty.
Religious Values and Biobanking Decisions: An Integrative Review
Authors: Eisenhauer Elizabeth R. , Arslanian-Engoren Cynthia
Published: April 2016

Biobanking may include research procedures that violate the religious values and preferences of some patients. This integrative literature review evaluated the influence of religious values on participants’ decisions to donate biospecimens to biobanks for research. The review followed the method of Whittemore and Knafl (2005). PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies published between January 1, 1994 and March 31, 2014. The influence of religious values on decision making in biobanking included the following themes: (a) religious prohibitions, (b) pursuit of health, (c) decisional conflict, and (d) scope of consent. Participants’ decisions reflected that they wanted to benefit from scientific advancements and to help others but wanted to do so in accordance with their religious values. The consideration of religious values in decisions about biobanking is an international phenomenon occurring across cultures. Limiting the scope of consent may help to accommodate religious values and preferences. Researchers need to respect the religious values of patients by fully explaining the implications of research procedures in biobanking. Nurses should advocate for the consideration of patients’ religious values in this new age of technological advancements.
EVALUASI PENGADILAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DI INDONESIA (STUDI ATAS KEBUTUHAN, PERAN DAN KUALITAS PUTUSAN HAKIM DI PENGADILAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI JAKARTA DAN BANDUNG PASCA PEMBERLAKUAN UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 46 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG PENGADILAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI)
Authors: Hertanto Hasril
Published: April 2016

Undang-undang No. 46 tahun 2009 tentang Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi yang dibentuk sebagai salah satu lembaga yang berperan dalam pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya tidak lepas dari permasalahan internal dan eksternal sebagai buah tuntutan pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi yang sangat kuat dari masyarakat. Sistem rekrutmen hakim, integritas hakim, kualitas putusan hakim, sarana dan prasarana, dan organisasi pengadilan tindak pidana korupsi merupakan permasalahan internal yang tengah menjadi sorotan masyarakat. Pembentukan pengadilan tindak pidana korupsi di seluruh wilayah kabupaten/ kota telah menambah beban permasalahan pengadilan tersebut. Kualitas dan kuantitas hakim ad hoc yang memeriksa perkara merupakan persoalan tersendiri yang saat ini tengah menjadi perhatian masyarakat. Penelitian ini akan mencoba melakukan penilaian atas kebutuhan dan kualitas hakim pengadilan tindak pidana korupsi. Hasil dari riset ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan perihal kinerja pengadilan Tindak Pidana.
JENIS-JENIS SANKSI PIDANA YANG DAPAT DITERAPKAN TERHADAP KORPORASI
Authors: Kristian Kristian
Published: April 2016

Dengan diterimanya korporasi sebagai subjek hukum pidana yang dinilai dapat melakukan tindak pidana dan mempertanggungjawabkan perbuatannya secara pidana, akan menimbulkan beberapa konsekuensi yang berpotensi menimbulkan permasalahan dalam penerapannya. Permasalahan tersebut adalah berkaitan dengan jenis sanksi pidana seperti apa yang dapat diterapkan terhadap korporasi. Dalam tulisan ini akan dibahas 3 masalah utama yaitu berkaitan dengan pertanyaan dapatkan pidana mati dan pidana penjara diterapkan terhadap korporasi?; berkenaan dengan perumusan sanksi pidana bagi korporasi yang dirumuskan secara tunggal dan berkaitan dengan sanksi pidana lain apa yang dapat atau tepat dijatuhkan terhadap suatu korporasi?)
URGENSI PENGADILAN AGAMA SEBAGAI PENYELESAI SENGKETA EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Sufiarina Sufiarina
Published: April 2016

Penelitian ini mengkaji urgensi/keutamaan Pengadilan Agama sebagai penyelesai sengketa ekonomi syariah. Pasal 49 Undang-Undang No. 3 Tahun 2006 memberikan perluasan kewenangan pada Pengadilan Agama untuk memeriksa dan memutus sengketa ekonomi syariah. Perluasan kewenangan membawa konsekuensi hukum Pengadilan Negeri tidak lagi berwenang untuk menerima, memeriksa dan memutus sengketa ekonomi syariah. Pengalihan penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah dan perluasan kewenangan pengadilan agama menarik untuk dikaji dari sisi urgensinya. Kajian melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan sebagai penelitian hukum normatif yang dilengkapi dengan penelitian terhadap asas-asas hukum ekonomi syariah, asas hukum penyelesaian sengketa, sistematik hukum, taraf singkronisasi vertikal dan horizontal, perbandingan hukum dan sejarah hukum. Mahkamah Agung telah ikut berkontribusi membina Pengadilan Agama sebagai penyelesai sengketa ekonomi syariah. Dilengkapi keberadaan hukum materil dan formil yang khusus hanya berlaku di lingkungan peradilan agama, perekrutan pejabat dan fungsional yang mensyaratkan latar belakang agama Islam. Memang seharusnya Pengadilan Agamalah yang lebih utama untuk memutus sengketa ekonomi syariah. Urgensi Pengadilan Agama sebagai penyelesai sengketa ekonomi syariah terutama untuk lebih memenuhi prinsip syariahnya.
MENJAGA KEDAULATAN ENERGI DENGAN REFORMASI KEBIJAKAN DIVERSIFIKASI SUMBER DAYA ENERGI
Authors: Nabila Farah
Published: April 2016

Kedaulatan energi di Indonesia tengah mengalami masalah dengan adanya penurunan ketahanan energi nasional. Tulisan ini menyoroti bagaimana Pemerintah Indonesia berusaha untuk membuat jalan keluar melalui pembentukan Sasaran Kebijakan Energi Nasional yang termuat dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 79 Tahun 2014. Upaya tersebut menemui beberapa hambatan. Pertama, Indonesia sangat bergantung kepada impor energi untuk penyediaan kebutuhan energi masyarakatnya. Kedua, cadangan sumber energi tak terbarukan Indonesia semakin menipis dan diprediksi akan habis dalam waktu yang singkat. Ketiga, energi terbarukan di Indonesia belum berkembang. Indonesia dapat mengatasi problem ini dengan cara memberikan insentif kepada pengembang energi sumber energi terbarukan dan kepada masyarakat untuk melakukan penelitian dan pengembangan energi alternatif. Pemerintah harus mengajak masyarakat untuk turut serta dalam upaya konservasi energi melalui sosialisasi yang terarah, untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dalam penjagaan kedaulatan energi Indonesia.
TINJAUAN HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP PROSTITUSI DAN PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA PARA PIHAK YANG TERLIBAT DALAM PROSTITUSI
Authors: Pradana Arya Mahardhika
Published: April 2016

Fokus penelitian ini adalah tentang prostitusi menurut hukum pidana dan tentang tanggung jawab kepada mereka yang terlibat dalam prostitusi. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa prostitusi telah menjadi isu hukum, bukan hanya masalah sosial. Prostitusi memiliki pendekatan terminologi hukum pidana berdasarkan peraturan peraturan lokal (Peraturan Daerah). Meskipun tidak tertulis di KUHP, bagian dari kegiatan prostitusi, yang berkaitan dengan aktivitas seksual, telah ditulis pada hukum pidana sebagai tindak pidana, dengan beberapa kondisi. Dengan alasan-alasan, sehingga orang-orang yang terlibat dalam prostitusi dapat dihukum oleh hukum pidana.
KEAUTENTIKAN DOKUMEN PUBLIK ELEKTRONIK DALAM ADMINISTRASI PEMERINTAHAN DAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK
Authors: Makarim Edmon
Published: April 2016

Pasca reformasi, cukup pesat perkembangan sistem hukum nasional terkait dengan pengembangan e-government, khususnya UU No. 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, UU No. 14 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi Publik, UU No. 25 tahun 2009 tentang Pelayanan Publik, UU No 43 tahun 2009 tentang Kearsipan dan UU No.30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan. Perkembangan tersebut memberi kewajiban badan publik ataupun administrasi pemerintahan untuk membangun sistem elektronik untuk penyampaian informasi publik, pelayanan publik, kearsipan, dan penetapan keputusan administratif secara elektronik. Namun,ternyata dinamika hukum tersebut masih belum secara holisitik memperlihatkan sistem keautentikan terhadap informasi publik dan dokumen publik itu sendiri. Penelitian klaster riset hukum telematika tahap ke-2 ini bertujuan memberikan kontribusi dalam reformasi hukum dan kebijakan guna memperjelas keautentikan informasi publik dan/atau dokumen publik dalam administrasi pemerintahan dan pelayanan publik. Penelitian ini melakukan sinkronisasi dan harmonisasi hukum dan teknologi untuk melihat keautentikan tersebut sesuai perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Dengan mempertemukan paradigma keautentikan secara hukum dan teknologi, ditemukan bahwa dokumen/akta autentik harus didukung dengan adanya sistem identifikasi (e-identification) dan sistem autentikasi (e-authentication system) yang akuntable sesuai derajat keterpercayaan (quality level of assurance) yang ditentukan. Hal tersebut lebih dikenal dengan istilah penyelenggaraan Layanan Keterpercayaan (trust services) yang mencakup pensertifikasian tanda tangan elektronik (e-signature), cap elektronik (e-seal), segel waktu (e-time-stamping), layanan pengiriman dokumen eletronik tercatat (e-registered delivery services), dan pengautentikasian situs (website authentication). Dengan melakukan perbandingan ke Belanda yang telah menyelenggarakan Government PKI dalam pelayanan keautentikannya dan juga mengikuti harmonisasi ketentuan regional Uni Eropa yang mengeluarkan Regulasi No.910/2014 tentang e-identification and trust services, penelitian ini akan memberikan keluaran berupa kerangka hukum dan kebijakan untuk kejelasankeautentikan dokumen publikelektronik yang sesuai dengan karakteristik perkembangan sistem hukum Indonesia.