bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case report of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy in a Chinese Family
Authors: Wang Yanan , Chang Yujie , Chai Yuqiong , Lei Hongtao , Yan Weiyan , Zang Weiwei
Published: January 2024

Background: Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is an inherited disorder of retinal vascularization insufficiency caused primarily by genetic mutations. So far, FEVR has been less reported in the Chinese population. This study will provide a case of FEVR due to CTNNB1 splice mutation in a Chinese family, which will be helpful for genetic counseling and clinical diagnosis.
Case presentation: We analyzed a case of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy of Chinese Han origin using whole-exome sequencing. The results showed that the patient presents with neurodevelopmental disorders accompanied by spastic diplegia and visual impairment, as well as FEVR. Whole exome sequencing revealed a splicing mutation of c.1060+1G>A in the CTNNB1 gene of the patient. This may be the reason for the pathogenicity of FEVR observed in this patient. Our analysis indicates that this variant produces a truncated protein that contributes to the development of the disease. Genetic testing confirmed the FEVR diagnosis of patients from the study pedigree.
Conclusions: The c.1060+1G>A heterozygous mutation in the CTNNB1 gene can lead to FEVR disease, which expands the spectrum of CTNNB1 gene functional loss mutations in the Chinese population.
DFT Analyses of Arsylsemicarbazone Group as Functional compound for application as excellent fluorescent probes and medicament: Study on virtual Screening through Molecular Docking
Authors: Bose Debosreeta , Sil Akash , Chakraborty Parna , Dasgupta Saumya , Mukhopadhyay Jayanta , Mukhopadhyay Madhumita
Published: January 2024

The present invention reports two novel functional compounds, 2-hydroxy-3-naphthaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (2H3NTS) and 2-hydroxy-3-naphthaldehyde semi carbazone (2H3NS) as an excellent fluorescent probe which possess anticancer features and are not yet synthesized by any research group. The DFT study reveals significantly higher stokes shift (315 nm) for 2H3NS indicating swift relaxation from initial to the emissive state and reduces self-quenching from self-molecular absorption which favours its practical application. Consequently, successive in-vitro activity of 2H3NTS and /2H3NS is studied using molecular docking towards the inhibition capacity of target kinase protein like CDK, primarily responsible for cell growth. As expected, 2H3NS is capable of binding both competitive ATP binding SITE I and non-competitive SITE II which lies below the T-loop, thereby inhibiting the cell growth and differentiation. However, 2H3NTS with polarizable sulphur is incapable of binding at SITE I with selective inhibition posing the ATP site to be well conserved.
Prevalence and associated factors of maternal depression among mothers of children with undernutrition at comprehensive specialized hospitals in northwest, Ethiopia, 2023: a cross‑sectional study
Authors: Yenealem Biazin , Nenko Goshu , Nakie Girum , Getnet Berhanie
Published: January 2024

Background
Malnutrition remains one of the most significant child health problems in developing countries, accounting for an estimated 53% of child deaths per year. Depression is the leading cause of disease-related disability in women and adversely affects the health and well-being of mothers and their children. Studies have shown that maternal depression has an impact on infant growth and nutritional status. Evidence is scarce regarding the relationship between maternal depression and child malnutrition.
Objectives
To assess the prevalence and associated factors of maternal depression among mothers of children with undernutrition in Comprehensive Specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2023.
Methods
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 465 mothers in the hospital. Data were collected by reviewing the patient chart and using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Outcome variables were assessed by using a patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Then it was entered into Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 25 computer software. Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with maternal depression. The presence of an association was presented by an adjusted odds ratio considering a 95% confidence interval and a p-value < 0.05.
Result
The prevalence of maternal depression among mothers of children with undernutrition was found to be 36.4% (95% CI: 32–41%). In the multivariable analysis, Lack of maternal education (AOR = 2.872, 95% CI = 1.502–5.492), being unemployed (AOR = 2.581, 95% CI = 1.497–4.451), poor social support (AOR = 2.209, 95% = 1.314–3.713), perceived stigma (AOR = 2.243, 95% CI = 1.414–3.560), and stunting (AOR = 1.913, 95% CI = 1.129–3.241) were factors significantly associated with maternal depression.
Conclusion
The overall prevalence of maternal depression among mothers of children with undernutrition was high which was associated with a lack of education, being unemployed, having poor social support, high perceived stigma, and stunting physical growth in children with undernutrition. Therefore, to control the high magnitude of maternal depression among mothers of children with undernutration interventions like increasing the level of maternal education and employment status, strengthening social support, and reduction of stigma are required.
Study of plastic deformation and quality of flexible medium forming of bionic egg-shaped shell
Authors: sun zhiying , Shi Zhengxian , Shen Mingting , Cheng Huiming
Published: January 2024

Aiming at the problems of large deviation of plastic machining accuracy and different buckling instability loads of bionic egg-shaped shells under different flexible medium forming technologies, it is proposed to adopt unidirectional loading rubber bulging and granular medium bulging technologies of bionic egg-shaped shells. By comparing the plastic machining accuracy, geometric accuracy, and strength of bionic egg-shaped shells with different flexible mediums, the machining accuracy and overall quality of bionic egg-shaped shells can be improved. To explore the stress and strain conditions in different stages and regions of egg-shaped shell flexible medium forming technologies under the ideal condition of considering the thickness stress, the mechanical analysis of egg-shaped shell flexible medium forming technologies is carried out. The simulation analysis and experimental verification methods are used to analyze the forming process of egg-shaped shells with different flexible mediums and verify the accuracy of the numerical analysis model. Then, in order to master the influence of flexible medium forming technologies on the plastic deformation and quality of egg-shaped shells, the influence of different flexible medium forming technologies on the plastic machining accuracy, geometric accuracy, and strength of egg-shaped shells is researched. The study shows that the results of the numerical analysis of the egg-shaped shell flexible medium forming technology have an average error of no more than 11% with the test, and the numerical analysis model can be considered accurate. Moreover, the plastic machining accuracy of egg-shaped shell process parts and egg-shaped parts with granular medium is better than that of rubber medium. The maximum strain of the egg-shaped part is 4% higher than that of the rubber medium, and the maximum thinning rate is 13.9% smaller than that of the rubber medium. The geometric accuracy deviation of the egg-shaped part of the egg-shaped shell with the granular medium is 10% smaller than that of the rubber medium, and the process parts are also superior to the rubber medium. The buckling loads of the egg-shaped shell process parts with the granular medium are all higher than that of the rubber medium, and the buckling loads of the egg-shaped parts are slightly smaller than that of the rubber medium. However, taking into account the error of the egg-shaped shell flexible medium forming test, hydrostatic pressure test, and the overall buckling load distribution of the egg-shaped shell flexible medium forming process parts, it is considered that the overall strength of the egg-shaped shell with the granular medium is higher than that of the rubber medium.
Efficacy and Safety of Artemether-lumefantrine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria in Mainland Tanzania, 2019
Authors: Ngasala Billy E. , Chiduo Mercy G. , Mmbando Bruno P. , Francis Filbert T. , Bushukatale Samwel , Makene Twilumba , Mandara Celine I. , Ishengoma Deus S. , Kamugisha Erasmus , Ahmed Maimuna , Mahende Muhidin K. , Kavishe Reginald A. , Muro Florida , Molteni Fabrizio , Reaves Erik , Kitojo Chonge , Greer George , Nyinondi Ssanyu , Kabula Bilal , Lalji Shabbir , Chacky Frank , Njau Ritha , Warsame Marian , Mohamed Ally
Published: January 2024

Background
Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have been a major contributor to the substantial reductions in global malaria morbidity and mortality over the last decade. In Tanzania, artemether-lumefantrine (AL) was introduced as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in 2006. The WHO recommends regular assessment and monitoring of the efficacy of the first-line treatment, specifically considering that artemisinin resistance has been confirmed in the Greater Mekong sub-region. This study's main aim was to assess AL's efficacy and safety for treating uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Tanzania.
Methods
This was a single-arm prospective antimalarial drug efficacy trial conducted in four of the eight National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) sentinel sites in 2019. The trial was carried out in outpatient health facilities in Karume-Mwanza region, Ipinda-Mbeya region, Simbo-Tabora region, and Nagaga-Mtwara region. Children aged six months to 10 years with microscopy confirmed uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria who met the inclusion criteria were recruited based on the WHO protocol. The children received AL (a 6-dose regimen of AL twice daily for three days). Clinical and parasitological parameters were monitored during follow-up over 28 days to evaluate drug efficacy.
Results
A total of 628 children were screened for uncomplicated malaria, and 349 (55.6%) were enrolled between May and September 2019. Of the enrolled children, 343 (98.3%) completed the 28-day follow-up or attained the treatment outcomes. There were no early treatment failures; recurrent infections during follow-up were common at two sites (Karume 29.5%; Simbo 18.2%). PCR-corrected adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) by survival analysis to AL on day 28 of follow-up varied from 97.7% at Karume to 100% at Ipinda and Nagaga sites. The commonly reported adverse events were cough, skin pallor, and abdominal pain. The drug was well tolerated, and no serious adverse event was reported.
Conclusion
This study showed that AL had adequate efficacy and safety for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Tanzania in 2019. The high recurrent infections were mainly due to new infections, highlighting the potential role of introducing alternative ACTs that offer improved post-treatment prophylaxis, such as artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ).
Gut Microbiota Composition and Metabolic Characteristics in Patients with Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Liu Chunhui , Liu Fangzheng , Nie Ding , Xiao Youchao , Wu Wentao , Jia Yanfei , Jin Lu , Qiao Ning , Cai Kefan , Ru Siming , Liu Xin , Song Yifan , Xu Jintian , Cao Lei , Gui Songbai
Published: January 2024

Background
Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota is associated with various intracranial neoplastic diseases. It has been observed that alterations in the gut microbiota are present in gliomas, meningiomas, and pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (Pit-NETs). However, the correlation between gut microbiota and craniopharyngioma (CP), a rare embryonic malformation tumor in the sellar region, has not been previously mentioned. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the gut microbiota composition and metabolic patterns in CP patients, with the goal of identifying potential therapeutic approaches.
Methods
We enrolled 15 medication-free and non-operated patients with CP and 15 healthy controls (HCs), conducting sequential metagenomic and metabolomic analyses on fecal samples to investigate changes in the gut microbiota of CP patients. Subsequently, a metabolome-microbe correlation analysis was also performed.
Results
The composition of gut microbiota and metabolic patterns of patients with CP compared to HCs show significant differences; these metabolic changes are significantly associated with altered gut microbiota.
Conclusions
The gut microbiota composition and metabolic patterns in patients with CP differ significantly from the healthy population, presenting potential new therapeutic opportunities.
Targeting BRD4 Ameliorates Experimental Emphysema by Disrupting Super-Enhancer in Polarized Alveolar Macrophage
Authors: Li Difei , Shi Xing , Yang Yuqiong , Deng Yao , Chen Dandan , Chen Shuyu , Meng Qianfang , Wang Jinyong , Wen Guanxi , Liang Zhenyu , Wang Fengyan , Gao Jiaqi , Liu Yuanyuan , Wang Danna , Hu Jieying , Liang Ruifang , Xu Haizhao , Rao Lang , Wang Lingwei , Chen Rongchang , Chen Shanze
Published: January 2024

Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive chronic lung disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation and emphysema. Macrophage polarization plays an important role in COPD pathogenesis by secreting inflammatory mediators. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), an epigenetic reader that specifically binds to histones, plays a crucial role in inflammatory diseases by regulating macrophage polarization. Herein, we attempted to examine the hypothesis that modulating alveolar macrophage polarization via BRD4 inhibitors might has a potential for COPD treatment.
Methods
We firstly investigated the BRD4 expression and its association with clinical parameters and macrophage polarization markers by reanalyzing the clinical cohort of sputum transcriptomes from 94 patients with COPD and 36 healthy individuals in China. In vivo, we further verified its expression in the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)/elastase-induced emphysema model. Subsequently, BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 and degrader ARV-825 were intraperitoneally administrated into emphysema mice in order to investigate their effects on lung emphysema and inflammation. In vitro, RNA-seq and CUT&Tag assay of BRD4 and acetylated histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac), were applied for elucidating the underlying molecular mechanism of how BRD4 regulates macrophage polarization.
Results
We found an increased expression of BRD4 in the induced sputum from patients with COPD and unveiled a strong correlation between BRD4 expression and clinical parameters as well as macrophage polarization. Subsequently, the upregulation of BRD4 in macrophage was verified in the experimental emphysema model. BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 and degrader ARV-825 significantly mitigated emphysema and airway inflammation along with better protection of lung function in mice. BRD4 inhibition also suppressed both M1 and M2 alveolar macrophage polarization. The CUT&Tag assay of BRD4 and H3K27ac, revealed that BRD4 inhibition disrupted the super-enhancers (SEs) of IRF4 (a crucial transcription factor for M2 macrophage), and subsequently affected the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP12) which is vital for emphysema development.
Conclusion
This study suggested that downregulation of BRD4 might suppress airway inflammation and emphysema through disrupting the SEs of IRF4 and alveolar macrophages polarization, which might be a potential target of therapeutic intervention in COPD.
Comparison of different methods for extraction of phycocyanin from cyanobacterium Arthrospira maxima (Spirulina)
Authors: Kuhnholz Jan , Glockow Till , Siebecke Verena , Anh Thu Le , Tran Long-Dinh , Noke Anja
Published: January 2024

Phycocyanin is an interesting alternative for synthetic food colorants. For extraction of phycocyanin from representatives of cyanobacterial genus Arthrospira various methods have been described in literature including ultrasonication, glass bead extraction and freeze-thawing. In this work, three optimized methods for the extraction of phycocyanin from A. maxima were applied in order compare the effectiveness of the different processes. After harvesting the biomass, he extractions were carried out using ultrasonication followed by flocculation with chitosan in different organic acid solutions, glass bead extraction and freeze-thawing, both followed by centrifugation. The obtained extracts were analysed using spectrophotometry in the wavelength spectrum of 280 to 800 nm. The highest C-PC contents of 17.03 ± 0.53 % and 15.21 ± 0.41 % were achieved with the freeze-thawing and the ultrasonication method, respectively. The highest purity value of 2.02 ± 0.01 was achieved with ultrasonication and flocculation with chitosan in acetic acid. Using citric or lactic acid for flocculation with chitosan resulted in greenish extracts containing high amounts of chlorophyll. In conclusion, flocculation with chitosan in acetic acid can be an interesting alternative for centrifugation providing highly purified phycocyanin extracts.
Feasibility of Remote Robot Empowered Teleultrasound Scanning for Radioactive Patients
Authors: Liang Ying , Amores Manuel Escobar , Jiang Zirui , Yu Bo , Lu Man , Wang Lu , Li Jiami
Published: January 2024

Objectives
To investigate the feasibility of robot-assisted teleultrasound diagnosis for radioactive patients compared with conventional ultrasound diagnosis.
Methods
In this prospective study (ChineseClinicalTrials.gov identifier, ChiCTR2200057253), 32 radioactive patients were examined by conventional ultrasound and MGIUS-R3 robot-assisted ultrasound from March 2022 to June 2022. After two scans, patients completed a satisfaction survey, including comfort score, fear score, tension score and pain score. The durations of both scans were recorded, and sonographers wore lead apron to prevent the radiation during the conventional examination. Subsequently, the ultrasonic images saved by sonographers were diagnosed and scored. Finally, we evaluated the feasibility of the robot-assisted teleultrasound diagnosis system regarding patients’ satisfaction, examination duration, image quality and diagnostic consistency via χ2 test, Kappa consistency test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Results
Among 32 patients (mean age, 54.9 ± 9.8 [SD]; 16 women), 29 had consistent diagnoses and 3 had inconsistent diagnoses between two scans, but the diagnostic consistency was good (Kappa = 0.818, P < 0.001). In addition, there was no statistical difference between two scans with regard to image quality score (29.28 ± 0.47vs29.31 ± 0.44, P = 0.97), comfort score (10vs10, P > 0.99), tension score (0vs0, P > 0.99) and fear score (0.09vs0, P = 0.32). Although 7 patients felt slightly painful during teleultrasound scan, the pain intensity was acceptable (0.31vs0, P = 0.02). The mean duration of teleultrasound examinations was 11.1 minutes (6–24 minutes), which was longer than 5.9 minutes (2–17 minutes) of conventional examinations (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Comparing robot-assisted teleultrasound and conventional ultrasound, there was no evidence of differences regarding patients’ satisfaction and image quality, and the diagnostic consistency was remarkable.
Two-center study of Volume-OXygenation index in predicting the efficacy of early non-invasive ventilation in patients with hypoxemic Respiratory failure
Authors: Liu Xiaoyi , Chen Lijuan , Liu Hui , Duan Jun , Ran Hui , Chen Lili , Zhou Rui , Zheng Xiangde
Published: January 2024

Background
The Volume OXygeneration (VOX) index was initially designed to predict treatment failure of high-flow nasal cannula therapy. However, its predictive power for treatment failure in patients receiving non-invasive ventilation (NIV) remains uncertain.
Methods
This retrospective study was conducted across two centers from September 2017 to September 2021. Patients who underwent early NIV treatment were grouped based on their 2-hour NIV VOX Youden index. The low-risk group consisted of patients with a VOX index > 20.45 (n = 188), while the high-risk group included those with a VOX index ≤ 20.45 (n = 200). Baseline data and arterial blood gas values were collected at 2, 12, and 24 hours after NIV initiation.
Results
Compared to the low-risk group, the high-risk group exhibited higher SOFA scores, respiratory rates, and heart rates, along with a lower oxygenation index (P/F) (all P < 0.05). Following NIV treatment, the low-risk group showed a more significant increase in P/F values at 2 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours after NIV initiation. Moreover, the low-risk group had a lower intubation rate (3.19% vs. 60%, P < 0.05) and mortality rate (4.79% vs. 17.5%, P < 0.05). At 2 hours of NIV, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting NIV failure using the VOX index was 0.843 (95% CI 0.805–0.882). Using a VOX index threshold of 20.45 to predict NIV failure, the sensitivity was 69.1%, and the specificity was 94.4%. Furthermore, a VOX index ≤ 20.45 was identified as an independent risk factor for tracheal intubation and death.
Conclusions
In early NIV treatment for hypoxemic acute respiratory failure, the VOX index obtained after 2 hours of NIV demonstrates a strong predictive power for NIV failure. Patients with a VOX index > 20.45 have a low probability of NIV failure, suggesting that it can be used as an evaluation index to assess the efficacy of NIV.
Subspace Blind Channel Estimation Methods in OFDM Systems under Multi-path Channels
Authors: Al-Qadhi Osamah , Abdul-Rahaim Laith , Sahib Dheyaaldeen , Obaid Ali , Alwan Falah
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we compare two methods of subspace blind channel estimation in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems using different guard intervals under a multi-path channel with an exponentially decaying power profile. In both methods, we propose the same solution to solve the scalar ambiguity problem, which is a common problem in subspace blind estimation methods, by using a single pilot signal. The bit error rate (BER) and the normalized mean square error (NMSE) of the estimated channel vector were compared under various signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and different numbers of transmitted OFDM symbols. The impact of using different positions of the pilot signal is also demonstrated. The results of channel estimation, data detection, and system complexity show that the zero padding (ZP) model is superior to the model with a cyclic prefix (CP).
Robot-assisted thoracoscopic excision of a giant leiomyoma of the upper esophagus: A technical report
Authors: Wu Wenqiang , Wang Zhigang
Published: January 2024

Background: Esophageal leiomyoma is a relatively rare disease that can occur in any part of the esophagus. In the past, open thoracic surgery or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) were commonly used to remove esophageal leiomyomas.
Case presentation: A 21-year-old male patient presented with progressive dysphagia for more than 3 years. Esophageal radiography showed a narrowed chest esophageal lumen. Esophagoscopy revealed a large tumor located 24 cm-31 cm from the incisor teeth. Robot-assisted esophageal tumor removal was performed under general anesthesia.On the third day after surgery, the patient resumed a fully liquid diet. A follow-up upper gastrointestinal contrast radiography after surgery showed no esophageal perforation, and the contrast agent passed through the esophagus smoothly.
Conclusions: In this patient, the esophageal mass was large and located at the upper and middle esophagus; it was deep and had a complex anatomical structure. Robotic surgery, however, results in less trauma and precise manipulation than open surgery and is a more suitable surgical approach for deep and complex tumors in the chest cavity.
Novel indices representing heterogeneous distributions of myocardial perfusion imaging
Authors: Chimura Misato , Ohtani Tomohito , Sera Fusako , Higuchi Rie , Kajitani Kenji , Nakajima Kenichi , Sakata Yasushi
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Heterogeneous distribution in myocardial perfusion images (MPI) obtained by scintigraphy is often observed in cardiac diseases with normal myocardial perfusion. However, quantitative assessments of such heterogeneity have not been established. We hypothesized that the heterogeneity in MPI can be quantitatively evaluated through histogram analysis, calculating the standard deviation (SD), the 95% bandwidth (BW95%), and entropy.
Methods
We examined resting 99mTc-MIBI images in 20 healthy subjects and 29 patients with cardiac disease who had non or very-mild reduced myocardial perfusion evaluated as a low summed rest score (0 to 4, the range of the studied healthy subjects). Two nuclear medicine specialists blindly divided them into two groups: non-heterogeneity or heterogeneity group, based solely on their visual assessments of heterogeneity on splash and polar maps generated from single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images. The %uptake was determined by dividing the tracer count of each pixel by the tracer count of the pixel with the highest value in the LV myocardium. SD, BW95%, and entropy from histogram patterns were analyzed from the polar map data array of each %uptake. We investigated whether heterogeneity could be assessed using SD, BW95, and entropy in two groups classified by visual assessments. Additionally, we evaluated the area under the curve (AUC) to identify heterogeneity in the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.
Results
Based solely on visual assessments, 11 (22%) and 38 (78%) cases were classified into the non-heterogeneity and heterogeneity groups, respectively. The non-heterogeneity group consisted of only healthy subjects, and all patients with cardiac disease were classified into the heterogeneity group. The cases in the heterogeneity group had significantly higher values of heterogeneity indices (SD, BW95%, and entropy) in %uptake than those in the non-heterogeneity group (p < 0.05 for all). The AUCs of the heterogeneity indices were sufficiently high (AUCs > 0.90 for all) in distinguishing cases with visually heterogeneous distribution or patients with cardiac disease.
Conclusions
Heterogeneity in MPI can be evaluated using SD, BW95%, and entropy through histogram analysis. These novel indices may help to identify patients with subtle myocardial changes, even in images that show preserved perfusion. (345/350)
Malignant granular cell tumor of orbit: pathological features and literature review
Authors: Jun Yu , Xiao Guixiang , Wu Junhua , Yang Xiuping , Nie Xiu
Published: January 2024

Orbital granular cell tumor is a rare tumor, and malignant granular cell tumor of the orbit is rarely reported.This paper reports a case of malignant granular cell tumor in the right eye of a 57-year-old man. The onset of the disease was right eye pain with subacute dry eye, and progressive right eye movement disorder, right eye deviation, and decreased visual acuity.The gross examination showed an unshaped nodule of 3.5cm×2cm×1cm. The section was gray and medium in quality.Microscopically, the boundary of the tumor was still clear, slightly nodular, with abundant cytoplasm, epithelioid in some areas, and spindle shaped tumor cells in some areas. The nuclei were enlarged with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, mitotic figures > 2/10 HPF, and tumor necrosis was seen locally .Immunohistochemical staining showed that tumor cells were positive for S100, SOX10, CD56, CD68, Calretinin, weakly positive for TFE-3, and H3K27Me3 and INI-1 were not absent.Other indicators MiTF, HMB45, MelanA, PCK were negative, and Ki67 proliferation index was 10% in the hot spot area.Orbital malignant granulosa cell tumor is very rare. Understanding its pathological features and correct diagnosis is very important for the treatment and prognosis evaluation of patients.
Rational Design of Aluminium-containing Zeolites with Typological Structure of HZSM-5 and Catalytic Properties
Authors: Domoroshchina Elena , Kuz’micheva Galina , Vasiliev Аlexander , Pavlov Ivan , Pirutko Larisa , Tkachenko Olga , Kustov Alexander
Published: January 2024

In this work, the analysis and generalization of data on the elemental, phase and surface composition, crystal structure and microstructure of MFI-type HZSM-5 with Si/Al = 12, 25, 40, 300 were presented. Relationships between HZSM-5 silicate modulus (Si/Al) and pore volume, specific surface, the area of framework voids were established. Data obtained by electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis explained the discrepancy between HZSM-5 real composition and the initial one. Samples with the maximum content of Brønsted (HZSM-5 with Si/Al = 25) and Lewis (HZSM-5 with Si/Al = 12) acid sites responsible for the catalytic activity were identified using diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. N2O decomposition reaction rate was found to decrease in the row HZSM-5(25) > HZSM-5(12) > HZSM-5(40) > HZSM-5(40)С>>HZSM-5(300). The high N2O decomposition rate demonstrated by HZSM-5(25) makes it promising catalyst. The second phase of iron oxides and the presence of faceted particles {001} oriented in HZSM-5(25) were shown to contribute to its maximum catalytic activity in N2O decomposition. The applied methodology for studying aluminosilicalites with different silicate modules and the revealed correlations can provide a fundamental perspective in studying other zeolites or modifying data.
99mTc-DTPA dynamic SPECT/CT renogram in adults. Feasibility and diagnostic benefit
Authors: Spiliotopoulou Maria , Papathanasiou Nikolaos , Łabieniec Łukasz , Papachristou Evangelos , Fokaefs Eleftherios , Spyridonidis Trifon , Fotopoulos Andreas , Apostolopoulos Dimitris J.
Published: January 2024

Objective
To investigate the feasibility, quantitative parameters and potential advantages of dynamic SPECT/CT renogram with 99mTc-DTPA in adults.
Methods
Fifty-five (55) patients aged 19–80 y.o. most of them with obstructive uropathy were enrolled. The imaging protocol included: Day 1: a) Conventional 99mTc-DTPA planar renogram, followed by b) 99mTc-DMSA injection and static planar imaging 3 hrs post injection. Day 3: c) Dynamic SPECT/CT renogram post injection of 333–444 MBq of 99mTc-DTPA. This included an initial CT scan followed by 12 consecutive SPECT sessions acquired via continuous acquisition mode for a total of 24 minutes. CT-derived maps were used for attenuation compensation of SPECT data dSPECT(AC). Renal activity was measured in the total kidney volume by Regions of Interest (ROIs) drawn manually on consecutive transaxial CT slices of the 3rd SPECT, which were then copied on the whole 12-SPECT series. Corresponding time-activity curves were created. Renographic dSPECT(AC) parameters were compared to those of conventional renogram. The reference method for split renal function was 99mTc-DMSA (geometrical mean of anterior and posterior projection counts) and for Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) the 2-blood sample clearance method with Cr-51 EDTA.
Results
dSPECT(AC) images were of good quality. There was good correlation between renogram parameters (time to peak activity and NORA20) comparing the two techniques (Pearson’s r = 0.959 and 0.933, respectively). In 21 cases with > 30% absolute difference between the two kidneys, spilt renal function calculation by dSPECT(AC) correlated perfectly (r = 0.968) with the reference method, whereas planar renogram was less accurate (r = 0.843). Anatomic information provided by non-enhanced CT offered an integrated structural-functional view valuable for final diagnosis. dSPECT(AC) early kidney uptake as a fraction of injected dose correlated better with reference GFR (r = 0.789) than that estimated by the Gates’ method (r = 0.642).
Conclusions
99mTc-DTPA dynamic 3D renogram corrected for attenuation and fused with CT images is feasible with conventional gamma cameras incorporated into hybrid SPECT/CT systems. It allows accurate split renal function measurement, is enriched by useful anatomical information and can be used for closer approximation of GFR compared with Gates’ method.
18F-fluoro-ethyl-tyrosine PET co-registered with MRI in patients with persisting acromegaly
Authors: Bakker Leontine E.H. , Verstegen Marco J.T. , Manole Diandra C. , Lu Huangling , Decramer Thomas J.M. , Pelsma Iris C.M. , Kruit Mark C. , Verbist Berit M. , de Ven Annenienke van , Gurnell Mark , Ghariq Idris , Furth Wouter R. van , Biermasz Nienke R. , Arias-Bouda Lenka M. Pereira
Published: January 2024

Purpose
To report our experience with 18F-fluoro-ethyl-tyrosine (FET) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) co-registered with MRI (FET-PET/MRICR) in the care trajectory for complex acromegaly patients.
Methods
In 10 patients with insufficiently controlled acromegaly referred to our team to evaluate surgical options, FET-PET/MRICR was used to support decision-making if MRI alone and multidisciplinary team evaluation did not provide sufficient clarity to proceed to surgery.
Results
FET-PET/MRICR showed suspicious (para)sellar tracer uptake in all patients. In 5 patients FET-PET/MRICR was fully concordant with conventional MRI, and in 1 patient partially concordant. FET-PET/MRICR identified new suspicious foci in 4 other patients. Surgical re-exploration was performed in 9 patients (aimed at total resection (6), debulking (2), diagnosis (1)), and 1 patient underwent radiation therapy. In 7 of 9 (78%) operated patients FET-PET/MRICR findings were confirmed intraoperatively, and in 6 patients (67%) also histologically. IGF-1 decreased significantly in 8 patients (89%). All patients showed clinical improvement. Complete biochemical remission was achieved in 3 patients (50% of procedures in which total resection was anticipated feasible). Biochemistry improved in 5 and was unchanged in 1 patient. No permanent complications occurred. Outcome categorized by integrated outcome quadrants (IOQs) defined by preoperative intended effect versus permanent complications at 6 months was IOQ-1 (goal achieved without complications) in 6 (67%) and IOQ-3 (goal not achieved, no complications) in 3 patients.
Conclusion
In complex acromegaly cases FET-PET/MRICR can provide additional information to aid decision-making by the multidisciplinary pituitary team, especially when (further) surgery is being considered.
Virtual Colonoscopy: Clinical Advances and Practical Challenges
Authors: Demirci Mehmet Gürdal , Kesgin Yasir Musa
Published: January 2024

Background: Early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) is significantly associated with reduced morbidity and mortality. Virtual colonoscopy (VC) is a minimally invasive, safe and well-tolerated alternative procedure to traditional colonoscopy. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the findings of VC particularly in supine and prone positions as well as to contribute to the practical challenges of procedure.
Methods:Total number of 20 patients who underwent VC were included in this retrospective study. After proper bowel cleansing was achieved, intestinal dilatation was performed by injecting air into the rectum. Two different shots were performed in the supine and prone positions. Additionally, intestinal diameters were measured from the cecum to the rectum at their widest point via 2-dimensional coronal reformat.
Results: Polyps were detected in 3 patients which were confirmed by optical colonoscopy. The mean cecum diameter was detected as the largest diameter in the supine and prone examinations. In both supine and prone examinations, the distal descending colon was the most challenging site. Additionally, the mean descending colon diameter calculated in the prone position (40.9±6.4 mm) was found to be statistically larger than descending colon diameter calculated in the supine position (36.1±5.3 mm) (p=0.001).
Conclusions: Our findings clearly demonstrated that combination of prone and supine scanning provides clear field of vision on narrow parts of the colon which improves accurate estimation for polyp detection. Furthermore, VC appears to be more comfortable, safe, fast, and cost-efffective procedure for CRC screening with advantages of low radiation exposure, extracolonic findings and lack of sedation requirements.
Design of a Model for empowerment Service Management For People With Disability Under the Welfare Organization of Iran
Authors: Ebrahim Zahra , Riahi Leila , Hajinabi Kamran , Nazarimanesh Leila
Published: January 2024

Background
The aim of this research is to identify the main dimensions of the empowerment services management for individuals with disabilities and then introduce them to the healthcare policymakers of the country.
Methods
This descriptive-correlational study was designed in Iran in 2023. The participants in this research were managers of the Welfare Organization in Iran. The dimensions influencing the empowerment services management were systematically identified in selected countries using a researcher-optimized questionnaire and confirmed through factor analysis. The data adequacy was examined using Bartlett's test and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test. The reliability of the test was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and a combined reliability coefficient. The validity of the test was confirmed using the extracted mean and variance.
Results
In the confirmatory factor analysis, the impact coefficient of planning with a standard coefficient of 0.783, financial resources with a standard coefficient of 0.4830, resource production with a standard coefficient of 0.817, employment with a standard coefficient of 0.7817, coordination with a standard coefficient of 0.800, and control with a standard coefficient of 0.839 were identified as effective factors in the model of empowerment services management for individuals with disabilities under the coverage of the Welfare Organization of Iran.
Conclusion
Six effective dimensions, including planning, resource production, financial resources, employment, coordination, and control were identified. Therefore, policymakers and planners should pay attention to the six identified dimensions in this study to facilitate the improvement of empowerment services for individuals with disabilities.
The utilization of decision trees on orthopantomographic and lateral panoramic graphs for the diagnosis of unilateral anterior disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: NARALAN Muhammed Enes , ÇAKIR Binali , ORHAN Kaan
Published: January 2024

Background
Investigation is to utilize decision trees in conjunction with orthopantomography (OPT) and lateral panoramic graphy (LPG) to diagnose unilateral anterior disc displacement (ADD) of the temporomandibular joint.
Methods
Using MRI, OPT, and LPG imaging methods, 2 angles, and 3 linear measurements were made: antero-posterior angle (APA), superior-inferior angle (SIA), anterior joint space (AS) distance, superior joint space (SS) distance, and posterior joint (PS) space distance. The difference from each measurement was calculated to evaluate the obtained measurement data within each patient.
Results
In ADD patients, it was statistically significantly found that the APA increased while the SIA decreased for angle measurements. But for linear measurements, AS increased while the SS and PS decreased in MRI, OPT, and LPG
Conclusion
ADD can be diagnosed in OPT and LPG. The identification of the specific type of ADD that occurs in the temporomandibular joint is not feasible.
Neoadjuvant Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy Combined With Immunotherapy in Treating Locally Advanced Lower Esophageal /Esophagogastric Junction Cancer
Authors: Yang Qingjie , Lv Shenghua , Li Qingtian , Lan Linhui , Sun Xiaoyan , Feng Xinhai , Han Kaibao
Published: January 2024

Background: To retrospectively analyze the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy (neo-AICIT) in treating locally advanced lower esophageal cancer/esophagogastric junction cancers.
Methods: The data of patients who received neoadjuvant arterial infusion chemotherapy (docetaxel + cisplatin) combined with immunotherapy (tislelizumab) for locally advanced lower esophageal cancer or esophagogastric junction cancers from October 2021 to June 2022 were collected. The indicators of these patients, such as the clinical staging of tumors, complications of the interventional operation, treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), the effect of neoadjuvant therapy, operative complications, tumor regression grade (TRG), progression free survival (PFS) and follow-up time, were recorded.
Results: A total of 7 patients received a complete neoadjuvant regimen, sequential surgery and postoperative maintenance immunotherapy. The median age was 68. All patients suffered from squamous cell carcinoma; 5 of them had lower esophageal cancer and 2 had esophagogastric junction cancer. The clinical staging in all patients was cT3N0-2M0G1-3. Except for low fever in 1 patient, no other complications of interventional operation occurred. The incidence of grade 1 treatment-related adverse events during the adjuvant therapy was 57.1% (4/7). The postoperative pathology showed that 4 (57.1%, 4/7) patients had pathological complete response (pCR) with a TRG of 3; and 3 (42.9%, 3/7) patients had major pathological remission (MPR) with a TRGof 2. The objective response rate (ORR) was 100%. The median follow-up time was 19 months. Mediastinal group 4 lymph node metastasis was found in 1 patient 18 months after the operation. Tumor recurrence or metastasis was not found in other patients.
Conclusion: neo-AICIT has good safety and efficacy in treating locally advanced lower esophageal cancer/esophagogastric junction cancers and may be a promising neoadjuvant therapy.
Development of a Novel Elastomer with unique properties: Fire and Radiation resistance
Authors: Mohamed Tarek mansour , Mahmoud Ghada A.
Published: January 2024

This study aims to create a novel, distinct form of elastomer with superior ability to resist fire, high resistance to radiation, and resistance to environmental conditions such as temperature and solvents. This type of natural-based elastomer was prepared using carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, polyacrylic acid PAA, crosslinked with tannic acid TA. Most techniques in elastomermanu facture technologies are unfriendly and participate in increasing carbon emissions. Gamma radiation was used as a clean tool for copolymerization and crosslinking the elastomer. The irradiation dose of 5 kGy with a rate of 3.32 kGy/h was enough to produce CMC/PAA/TAelastomer. The properties of the produced elastomer were investigated by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Limiting oxygen index (LOI). CMC/PAA/TA has high resistance to solvents such as acetone, benzene, HCl, and HNO3. The tensile strength is 3.376 MPa, the elongation percent is 501.689%, and the LOI value is 30%. The produced elastomer possessed excellent gamma radiation resistance. The elastomer was exposed later to 1864 kGy of gamma radiation without showing degradation and retained its properties, as confirmed by FTIR, TGA, and mechanical properties. After investigation, it can be inferred that the produced CMC/PAA/TA elastomer exhibited outstanding properties.
A fresh look at oral chemolysis for non symptomatic kidney stones. Potassium citrate and Allopurinol combination. A Prospective Comparative Analysis
Authors: Coşkun Alper , CAN Utku , ÇANAKÇI Cengiz , ERYILDIRIM Bilal
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE: To compare the results of oral chemolysis of nonopaque and semi-opaque kidney stones using potassium citrate (PS) and allopurinol + potassium citrate (ALPS) prospectively without advanced metabolic analysis. MATERIAL and
METHODS: Between 2020 and 2022, 47 patients aged 19-60 years with non-obstructive, semi-opaque, and nonopaque kidney stones of 8-13 mm in size detected by non-contrast tomography were prospectively investigated, and oral chemolysis (potassium citrate 10 mEq 2x2, allopurinol 10 mEq 2x2) was initiated. Patients were divided into two groups: potassium citrate (PS) and allopurinol + potassium citrate (ALPS), according to the treatment to be received. The essential characteristics of the groups, monthly laboratory values throughout the process, and the stone size measured by non-contrast tomography at the initial presentation and the control visit were recorded and compared.
RESULTS: The most common stone localization was in the inferior calyx. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups regarding age, gender, size, location, or stone side The mean stone size was 11.01±2.27 mm in the PS group and 11.1±2.03 mm in the ALPSS group before treatment. After treatment, a significant change was observed in these values in both groups; however, there was no statistical difference between the groups. (p: <0.001), (p: 0.115) There was a meaningful range in the mean urine pH of all patients after treatment. (p: <0.001), Urea (BUN), creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) values did not change significantly in either group.
CONCLUSION: Potassium citrate-based urinary alkalisation can be started for nonopaque and semi-opaque kidney stones without metabolic analysis if the urine pH is appropriate. Allopurinol, in combination with potassium citrate, has no therapeutic advantage.
Infectious complications in pediatric patients undergoing CD19+CD22+ chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B-lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Wu Xiaochen , Cao Zhanmeng , Chen Zihan , Wang Yi , He Hailong , Xiao Peifang , Hu Shaoyan , Li Benshang , Lu Jun
Published: January 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is effective in the treatment of relapsed/refractory acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL); however, patients who receive CAR-T therapy are predisposed to infections, with considerable detrimental effects on long-term survival rates and the quality of life of patients. This study retrospectively analyzed infectious complications in 79 pediatric patients with R/R B-ALL treated with CAR-T cells at our institution. Overall, 53 patients developed 97 infections. Ten patients experienced 11 infections during lymphodepletion chemotherapy, 34 experienced 46 infections during the early phase (days 0 to + 30 after infusion), and 29 experienced 40 infections during the late phase (day + 31 to + 90 after infusion). Pathogens were identified in 31 infections, including 23 bacteria, seven viruses, and one fungus. Four patients were admitted to the intensive care unit for infection and one died. The following factors were associated with infection: pre-infusion tumor load, intensity of lymphodepleting chemotherapy, lymphocyte count before infusion, duration of neutrophil deficiency and lymphocyte reduction after infusion, cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome grades, use of interleukin-6 receptor antagonists and glucocorticoids, intensive care unit admission, and peak value of regulatory T cell proportion within one week after infusion (all P < 0.05). CRS ≥ grade 3 was identified as a risk factor for infection (hazard ratio = 2.41, 95% confidence interval: 1.08–5.36, P = 0.031). Therefore, actively reducing the CRS grade may decrease the risk of infection and improve the long-term quality of life of these patients.