bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Professionalisierung von Studierenden im Praxissemester. Untersuchungen zur Wirksamkeit des Praxissemesters auf die berufsbezogenen Überzeugungen von Lehramtsstudierenden im Fach Mathematik(G)
Authors: Eikmeyer Dirk
Published: May 2021

Das Praxissemester in Nordrhein-Westfalen ist seit 2014 obligatorisches Studienelement im Master of Education. Empirisch belegte Effekte dieses neuen Studienelementes liegen bisher nur vereinzelt vor. So lassen sich verschiedene Fragen zur Wirksamkeit aufwerfen: Trägt das Praxissemester zur Professionalisierung bei oder lassen sich deprofessionalisierende Effekte belegen? Welche Überzeugungen von `gutem´ Mathematikunterricht werden durch das Studium angebahnt und wie werden diese durch das fünfmonatige Praxissemester beeinflusst? Welche Gründe führen Studierende für ihre stabilen oder veränderten Überzeugungen an? Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation ist es gelungen, diese und weitere Fragestellungen zu beantworten. Auf Grundlage einer theoretisch-analytischen Auseinandersetzung mit den Themenkomplexen Praxisphasen, Lehrerprofessionalität, berufsbezogenen Überzeugungen und dem Lernen und Lehren im Fach Mathematik wurden in einem Mixed-Methods-Design Effekte, die auf die Teilnahme am Praxissemester zurückzuführen sind, evaluiert. Die Untersuchungen lieferten Erkenntnisse über die wahrgenommene Schulpraxis im Mathematikunterricht der Grundschule und über die Entwicklungsverläufe von ca. 220 Studierenden. Darüber hinaus konnte mit Hilfe problemzentrierter Interviews herausgearbeitet werden, welche Gründe Studierende retrospektiv für die Veränderung bzw. Stabilität ihrer Überzeugungen benennen. Auf dieser Grundlage ist es gelungen, insgesamt fünf typische Entwicklungsverläufe herauszustellen. Abgesehen von den insgesamt positiven Effekten für die Professionalisierung der Studierenden können Schlussfolgerungen gezogen werden, die anregen, über die weitere Ausgestaltung des Praxissemesters nachzudenken.
Mathematik treiben mit Grundschulkindern – Konzepte statt Rezepte. Festschrift für Günter Krauthausen
Authors: Nolte Marianne , Huhmann Tobias
Published: May 2021

Diese Festschrift ist Herrn Professor Dr. Günter Krauthausen zum Eintritt in den Ruhestand gewidmet. Günter Krauthausen hebt in seinen Arbeiten das lebendige und aktive Mathematiktreiben mit Grundschulkindern als wesentliches Gestaltungsmerkmal eines zeitgemäßen Mathematikunterrichts hervor. Dessen Umsetzung kommt nicht mit einfachen Rezepten aus, vielmehr bedarf es der Entwicklung erprobter, nachhaltig tragfähiger Konzepte. Unter diesem Blickwinkel bringen die Autoren des Bandes, enge Weggefährten Günter Krauthausens während seiner akademischen Schaffenszeit, in ihren Beiträgen Ideen und Erkenntnisse mit unterschiedlichsten praxisorientierten Schwerpunksetzungen hervor. Diese umfassen den Bereich der Lehrerbildung sowie –professionalisierung, inhaltsbezogene Bereiche, allgemeine mathematische Kompetenzbereiche, den Bereich digitaler wie analoger Medien und Forschermittel, die Differenzierung, sie betrachten Lernprozesse, sie führen von fachlichen Strukturen zu didaktischen Einsichten und stellen Bezüge zur Forschung her.
Mit merkmalsorientierten Mengenbildern das Denken in Möglichkeiten und Wahrscheinlichkeiten entwickeln
Authors: Huhmann Tobias , Spiegel Hartmut
Published: May 2021

"Ein spielerisch-experimenteller Zugang, den der frequentistische Wahrscheinlichkeitsbegriff erlaubt, indem über das Ermitteln und Vergleichen von Häufigkeiten eine Abschätzung für die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines bestimmten Ereignisses gefunden wird, knüpft stärker an Vorerfahrungen der Kinder im Zusammenhang mit Spielen an." (Krauthausen 2018, S. 172) Im vorliegenden Beitrag stellen wir dar, wie merkmalsorientierte Mengenbilder im Zusammenhang mit Positionierungen auf der Wahrscheinlichkeitsskala Lernende dabei unterstützen können, das Denken in Möglichkeiten und ausgehend davon das Denken in Wahrscheinlichkeiten zu entwickeln.
Zur Metamorphose mathematischer Arbeits- und Anschauungsmittel – Grundschulkinder verwandeln Dinge in Symbole
Authors: Mros Katharina , Steinbring Heinz
Published: May 2021

Wie entwickelt sich aus einem spontan vertrauten und dem Alltag verhafteten Symbolgebrauch ein spezifischer mathematischer Symbolgebrauch? Wie selbstverständlich nutzen Grundschulkinder schon vor und bei Schulbeginn (geschriebene, gemalte und an Materialien und Dinge gebundene) Zeichen, die nicht einfach für sich selbst, sondern für etwas anderes stehen. Sie handeln und rechnen mit den Zeichen, an Stelle mit dem wofür sie stehen. In diesem Beitrag wird die ganz besondere, epistemologische Natur der im Mathematikunterricht benutzten Zeichen charakterisiert: In gewisser Grundsätzlichkeit referieren mathematische Symbole nicht auf andere (pseudo-) dingliche Objekte. Mathematische Symbole erhalten ihre Bedeutung als Elemente in einem System. Im Theoriekonstrukt »Didaktische Theorie mathematischer Symbole (ThomaS)« wird diese epistemologische Besonderheit mathematischer Symbole in ihren Grundaspekten dargestellt.
Differenzieren müsste man können… Anmerkungen zu einem immer neuen Thema
Authors: Trautmann Thomas
Published: May 2021

Maria Montessori hat sich – ebenso wie Günter Krauthausen, aber von anderer Warte her – eine große Zeit ihres Lebens mit Selbsterziehungsprozessen des Kindes auseinandergesetzt. Scheinbar fassungslos macht uns ein Abschnitt aus einem ihrer Werke: "Wenn man bisher von der individuellen Entwicklung in der Schule sprach, stellte man sich immer einen Lehrer vor, der, anstatt eine ganze Klasse zu unterrichten, jedem einzelnen Kind sich widmete. Wenn das geschähe, würde das arme Kind ja noch geknechteter werden, als es in der früheren Schule war." (Montessori 1923, S. 12) Das klingt zunächst dramatisch und wirft die Frage auf, was differenzieren eigentlich ist und was es im Idealfall bewirken sollte.
Strichrechnungen und Punktrechnungen in der Grundschule. Eine strukturgenetische didaktische Analyse
Authors: Wittmann Erich Christian
Published: May 2021

In diesem Beitrag werden aus einer genetischen Sicht des Faches Mathematik Vorschläge zur Didaktik des Rechenunterrichts der Grundschule gemacht, die zu einem auf das Wesentliche konzentrierten Curriculum führen. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass mit einem solchen Curriculum die kognitive Belastung der Kinder reduziert und gleichzeitig ein höheres fachliches Niveau über die Grundschule hinaus erreicht werden kann. Insofern erscheint der Beitrag auch für die Didaktik der Sekundarstufen relevant.
The Influence Of Motivation And Discipline On The Work Productivity Of Employees In Camat Office Of Sukaraja District, Seluma Province, Bengkulu Province
Authors: Er Meytha Gayatri Ida Ayu Made , Nengsih Mimi Kurnia
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine factors such as motivation and work discipline tahat affect the work prductivity of employees at the Head Office of Sukaraja District, Seluma Regency. The sample in this study was 29 employees at the Head Office of Sukaraja District, Seluma Regency. Data collectiion using a questionnaire and the method of analysis used is multiple linear regression, test of determination and hypothesis testing. The result of the regression equation is Y = n10,107 + 0,417 X1 + 0,361X2 + e, which means that motivation and work discipline have a positive influence of the work productivity of employees at the Head Office of Sukaraja District, Seluma Regency. The results of the determination test was 0,567 0r (56,7%). This shows that motivation and work discipline have an effect on the work  productivity of employees at the Subdistrict Head Office of Sukaraja District, Seluma Regency by 56,7 % while the rest are explained or influenced by other variables not examined.
SINIF ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN FEN BİLİMLERİ DERSİ ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMINA EKLENEN FEN, MÜHENDİSLİK VE GİRİŞİMCİLİK UYGULAMALARINA YÖNELİK GÖRÜŞLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÖZKAN Reis , OKUR AKÇAY Nilüfer
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, fen bilimleri öğretim programına eklenen Fen, Mühendislik ve Girişimcilik Uygulamaları (FMGU) hakkında sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında Ağrı Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü bünyesinde 4. sınıf kademesinde görev yapan 70 sınıf öğretmeni ile yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama aracı olarak görüş formu kullanılmıştır. Görüş Formu ile elde edilen nitel veriler içerik analizi ve betimsel analiz ile analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca bulguları desteklemek için araştırmacı tecrübelerine de yer verilmektedir. Araştırma sonucunda sınıf öğretmenleri FMGU’nun öğrenciye girişimcilik, problem çözme becerisi, üretken, sorgulayan, yenilikçi, analitik düşünen, grupla çalışma becerisi ve alternatif çözüm yolları üretme becerisi kazandırdığını, sınıf öğretmenlerinin FMGU hakkında hizmet içi eğitim alması gerektiğini, çeşitli kaynaklardan faydalanılması, internet ortamında veya alanında uzman kişilerden bilgi alınması gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir. Bunun yanı sıra katılımcı öğretmenlerin rehber olmaları, çocukları problemleri çözmeye teşvik etmeleri, öğrenciye rahat hissedeceği ortam sağlamaları, yaparak yaşayarak öğretmeyi amaçlamaları, öğrencide merak uyandırmayı, iş birliği içerisinde çalışmayı sağlamaları ve yenilikçi, gelişmeleri takip eden eğitmen olmaları gerektiğini vurgulamışlar.
DIAGNOSE FOLIAR DE NITROGÊNIO EM CULTIVARES DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR SOB IRRIGAÇÃO SUBTERRÂNEA: FOLHA +1 E +3
Authors: Alves Thayane Leonel , Barbosa José de Arruda , Dalri Alexandre Barcellos , Lemos Evandro Freire , Viana Jonathan dos Santos , Bertino Antônio Michael Pereira
Published: May 2021

Objetivou-se avaliar a diferença do estado nutricional de nitrogênio em cultivares de cana de açúcar sob irrigação subterrânea por meio da coleta da folha+1 e folha+3. O experimento consistiu em três fatores de manejo de irrigação e cinco cultivares de cana-de-açúcar, sendo eles irrigação suplementar, irrigação deficitária e sequeiro e as cultivares de cana-de-açúcar estudadas foram CTC4, IAC3046, IAC1099, IAC5000 e RB8515. As doses de adubos aplicadas foram 180 kg ha-1 de N, 240 kg ha-1 de K2O, 90 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e 45 kg ha-1 de S. Nos tratamentos irrigados, as aplicações dos fertilizantes foram realizadas via água de irrigação e no sequeiro foram aplicados manualmente. Foram coletadas 102 amostras de folha +3 e 102 amostras da folha+1, sendo que cada amostra foi constituída de 6 folhas coletadas aletoriamente em cada parcela. Para folha +3 a cultivar que respondeu mais a adubação foi a IAC1099 no sequeiro, e para a folha +1, foi a cultivar IAC3046 no sistema de irrigação deficitário. Independentemente de qual folha coletada, +3 ou +1, no geral, o tratamento não irrigado, foi a que respondeu mais a adubação.
PRODUÇÃO HIDROPÔNICA DE MUDAS DE HORTALIÇAS/ FRUTÍFERAS E FLORESTAIS
Authors: Silva João Batista Medeiros
Published: May 2021

A hidroponia é uma técnica que atua a partir de soluções nutritivas (artificiais) adaptadas para o fornecimento de todos os minerais, como água e nutrientes que a planta precisa para se desenvolver completamente. O período de circulação da solução nutritiva é um fator significativo na hidroponia, e é controlado por temporizador, permitindo assim que o sistema funcione de acordo com uma programação programada. O espaço de tempo varia amplamente entre sistemas, bancos, regiões, tipos de cobertura, variedade cultivada, época do ano, umidade relativa e temperatura do ar, entre outras condições (FURLANI et al.,2009). O objetivo deste trabalho foi examina periódicos dos últimos vinte anos com conceito A1, A2 e B1 da CAPES, sobre a produção de mudas de espécies de hortaliças folhosas e de frutos, além de espécies frutíferas e florestais pelo sistema de produção hidropônico.
CARBONO ORGÂNICO DO SOLO E COMPONENTES DE PRODUÇÃO DO MILHO SOB MANEJOS DO SOLO E SUCESSÃO DE CULTURAS NA AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL
Authors: Machado Caio Bastos , Fiorelli Elaine Cosma , Santos Weverton Peroni , Siqueira Marcos Gomes de , Santos Weliton Peroni , Vieira Aline Silva , Souza Sirlene Pereira de , Marcolan Alaerto Luiz
Published: May 2021

O solo representa um importante componente do ecossistema, influenciando a qualidade do ar e da água. Atualmente, é crescente o interesse pelo potencial que o mesmo apresenta em estocar o carbono e, consequentemente, contribuir para mitigar o efeito estufa, e ainda promover aumento na qualidade da fertilidade do solo. Objetivo: Objetivou-se com a presente pesquisa avaliar o Carbono Orgânico do solo (COS), sob duas profundidades de amostragem, e sistemas de preparo do solo com combinações de culturas, e avaliar os componentes do rendimento de grãos de milho. Métodos: O estudo foi conduzido no campus da Universidade Federal de Rondônia/UNIR em Rolim de Moura/RO. Para avaliação do COS e rendimento do milho, considerou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4x2x2 e 4x2 respectivamente, com três repetições. O fator 1 foi representado pelos sistemas de manejo: plantio direto contínuo (PDC), preparo tradicional (PRT), plantio direto alternativo (PDA) e preparo alternativo (PRA). No fator 2 estavam as sucessões de culturas: milho/feijão e milho/milho. O fator 3 representou as profundidades de solo amostrado 0-10 e 10-20 cm. Resultados: Houve uma tendência de maiores valores de COS na camada superficial do solo, nos manejos conservacionistas na sucessão milho/milho. Conclusão: O manejo conservacionista PDC promove maior acúmulo de COS. A sucessão S/F e M/M proporcionam maiores teores de carbono orgânico do solo. Maior produtividade é obtida no sistema PDC.
EXAME ANDROLÓGICO EM ANIMAIS DE PRODUÇÃO E COMPANHIA PARA COMUNIDADE EXTERNA
Authors: Teodoro João Victor da Silva , Gonçalves Geisiana Barbosa , Souza Wesley José de , Abreu Daniele Alves , Pires Nathallia Almeida , Rabello Daniel de Almeida , Nascimeto Andressa Silva , Carneiro Yuri Faria , Ribeiro Gustavo Gonçalves , Mendes Luís Fernando
Published: May 2021

Objetivou- se avaliar a saúde reprodutiva dos machos utilizados nas propriedades, através de exame andrológico e orientar os produtores e tutores de animais de companhia sobre como manejar e aproveitar melhor o potencial desses animais nos acasalamentos, além de ressaltar a importância das características andrológicas do macho na eficiência reprodutiva da criação. Em algumas propriedades, foi orientado o descarte de alguns animais que não estavam aptos à reprodução (em bovinos). Em cães, apenas um cão atentido não obteve resultados satisfatórios pois não conseguiu ejacular. Com a execução do projeto, foi possível levar aos produtores e tutores informações e conhecimentos acerca da qualidade da saúde reprodutiva do reprodutor tanto de animais de produção como de companhia respectivamente, orientando sobre a importância dos cuidados a serem executados com todos os animais.
Conditional Process Analysis for Nursing Education Researchers
Authors: Tornwall Joni , Nichols Robert
Published: May 2021

Nurse faculty need methodologically rigorous yet accessible techniques to evaluate the impact of their teaching strategies and build a strong body of evidence in nursing education science. Conditional process analysis is one such technique that allows researchers to include multiple variables in a single model to disentangle complex influences that instructional processes, student characteristics, and classroom variables have on learning outcomes. Researchers are encouraged to consider conditional process analysis to test and explain the effects of their educational strategies. Practical tools and resources are described that make conditional process analysis feasible for faculty with a basic understanding of statistical methods.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;60(5):249–251.]
Kirkpatrick Model Evaluation of Accelerated Second-Degree Nursing Programs: A Scoping Review
Authors: Lee Hyejung , Song Youngkwan
Published: May 2021

Background:

This scoping review examined the outcomes of accelerated second-degree baccalaureate and master of nursing programs using the Kirkpatrick four-level model.

Method:

A systematic search of four major scientific databases identified 15 articles meeting study inclusion criteria. The articles were assessed for educational outcomes, and extracted data were organized according to the four-level Kirkpatrick model consisting of reaction, learning, behavior, and results.

Results:

Both second-degree baccalaureate and master of nursing program students showed strong academic achievement, high employment rates, and high program satisfaction but reported lack of perceived preparedness for a clinical position. No studies evaluated the long-term impacts of the programs on graduates' clinical practice or patient outcomes.

Conclusion:

Accelerated second-degree nursing programs quickly and efficiently produce licensed nurses. The care provided by the graduates of these accelerated programs needs to be investigated in both short- and long-term to better determine overall program effectiveness.

[
J Nurs Educ.
2021;60(5):265–271.]
Ambulatory Care Simulation: A Collaboration Between MSN and BSN Students
Authors: Coburn Caroline Varner , Spence Sandra , LaCagnina Laura , Becklenberg Amy , Wands Lisa Marie , Haynes-Ferere Angela
Published: May 2021

Background:

A university school of nursing initiated a pilot project to include Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) students in two existing Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) student scenarios. The result was a valuable collaboration among the student learners.

Method:

Using a Zoom platform, students were introduced to their patient in a telehealth scenario. Students then encountered the same patient in an urgent care setting. The BSN student assessed the patient, then reported to the MSN student. The MSN student provided feedback and treatment orders. Individual BSN and MSN student pairs debriefed immediately after their scenarios and again at the end with other students and faculty.

Results:

Evaluation was conducted using an adaptation of the Modified Simulation Evaluation Tool (SET-M) and free-text questions developed by nursing faculty. Both SET-M responses and written comments indicated students were satisfied with the simulation experience, and students' confidence and skills in communication and collaboration improved.

Conclusion:

This simulation was beneficial for both MSN and BSN students and will become an ongoing addition to the simulations.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(5):293–297.]

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Asset Pricing With Endogenously Uninsurable Tail Risk
Authors: Ai Hengjie , Bhandari Anmol
Published: May 2021

This paper studies asset pricing and labor market dynamics when idiosyncratic risk to human capital is not fully insurable. Firms use long‐term contracts to provide insurance to workers, but neither side can fully commit; furthermore, owing to costly and unobservable retention effort, worker‐firm relationships have endogenous durations. Uninsured tail risk in labor earnings arises as a part of an optimal risk‐sharing scheme. In equilibrium, exposure to the tail risk generates higher aggregate risk premia and higher return volatility. Consistent with data, firm‐level labor share predicts both future returns and pass‐throughs of firm‐level shocks to labor compensation.
Viability and Arbitrage Under Knightian Uncertainty
Authors: Burzoni Matteo , Riedel Frank , Soner H. Mete
Published: May 2021

We reconsider the microeconomic foundations of financial economics. Motivated by the importance of Knightian uncertainty in markets, we present a model that does not carry any probabilistic structure ex ante, yet is based on a common order. We derive the fundamental equivalence of economic viability of asset prices and absence of arbitrage. We also obtain a modified version of the fundamental theorem of asset pricing using the notion of
sublinear pricing measures. Different versions of the efficient market hypothesis are related to the assumptions one is willing to impose on the common order.
»Nič drugega kot nič«: negativna teopolitika Sofoklove Antigone
Authors: Kocijančič Matic
Published: May 2021

Članek obravnava zaključek Sofoklove Antigone, presunljivo upodobitev Kreontovega zloma, kesanja in umika, ki ga sodobne interpretacije tega temeljnega tragiškega dela – osredotočene predvsem na središčni spopad med Antigono in Kreontom – prepogosto spregledajo. Natančna analiza Kreontovih in zborskih sklepnih replik – tako v izvirniku kot bogati slovenski prevodni tradiciji – ter njihovega širšega duhovnozgodovinskega konteksta (še zlasti atiškega razumevanja razmerja med božjim in državnim zakonom) razkriva izzivalno teopolitično poanto, ki začrtuje pomenski horizont celotnega Sofoklovega dela. V navezavi na te ugotovitve članek razvija pojem negativne politike, s katerim ponudi okvir za razumevanje dveh antagonističnih teopolitičnih paradigem v Antigoni, ki s specifično dinamiko svojega trka napovedujeta tudi nekatere prepoznavne duhovne in družbene pretrese modernosti.
Process Improvement Through Visual Management
Authors: Silva Julio , Fernandes Silvia , Martins Paula Ventura
Published: May 2021

Departments in enterprises can benefit from visual management (VM) methods. This involves observing a framework of planning activities on a desktop. The information should be clearly visible and easy to understand to all involved. The VM framework used in this case really proved to be a great option in terms of clarity, motivation, process review, real knowledge of results, and correction procedures. The implementation of VM methods will bring to companies a cultural change. There will be some points of resistance to be worked; however, through the income statement, these will be overcame. Then, if we use an insight management (IM) platform, it is possible to cross all those data in diverse ways to produce several scenarios, which can be considered as visual analytics. This is relevant for the case in study, especially in order to explore new strategies based on the indexes envisioned to replicate the positive results throughout the entire restaurant group.
Neutralizing Maleficent Effects of COVID-19 Through Entrepreneurship
Authors: Arora Manpreet , Sharma Roshan Lal
Published: May 2021

Entrepreneurs are regarded as the leaders of socio-economic, industrial, and business development. They are important pillars of any economy. They are the employment generators and contribute to economic growth. In the current scenario caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we witnessed people across the world losing their jobs. An inclination towards entrepreneurial activities has been observed in 2020. People have started communicating how entrepreneurial activities are the only solution for economies in crises. The role of social media platforms cannot be under-emphasized, and therefore, an entrepreneur today has to be a master of various media of communication. This chapter aims at exploring the concept of entrepreneurship with special reference to communication. It highlights challenges and issues in the post-pandemic world with reference to entrepreneurship and the role effective communication can play in handling them. It also attempts to examine the use of the term ‘entrepreneurship' by general public on social media such as Twitter in particular with a view to work out its implications.
Prelude of Investment
Authors: Gupta Shilpi , Shrivastava Monica
Published: May 2021

The government of India has taken multiple economic reforms such as Jan Dhan Yojna, UPI, demonetization, and digitalization moving India towards a cashless economy. The financial landscape of India has undergone a radical change with the insurance sector bearing the torch on the road of exponential growth. The insurance penetration recorded was only 3.69% in 2017. The shockingly low participation of individuals indicated the existence of challenges that need to be addressed. The first section of the chapter explores the various factors creating a dilemma for investment in the insurance sector. The other sections of the chapter focus on the current scenario of Insurance investment and the paradigm shift in the perception of customers towards insurance products. The basic purpose is to implement systems thinking of looking at the whole and holistic picture with the highest inclusion towards nation-building and improving the penetration percentage and density of insurance in India.
Striving for Equity in Pandemic Times
Authors: DeMartino Linsay , Weiser S. Gavin
Published: May 2021

This chapter considers the impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on the reality of educational administrators in U.S.-based institutions of education. Looking closely at 17 educational administrators from both K-12 systems and institutions of higher education, the authors come to a more comprehensive understanding of crisis leadership and its impact on equitable educational practices – both for students as well as for the administrators themselves. This chapter is based on a larger project the authors undertook to explore through narratives and photography the experiences of administrators during the global COVID-19 pandemic that began in early 2020. This chapter illustrates the ways that communication, support, and equitable solutions for the learning community are and are not well articulated by leaders. The authors close out this chapter with recommendations for educational leaders during times of crisis as well as for potential follow-up research.
The Influence of Digitization on Supply Chain Sustainable Performance
Authors: M. B. Kiran
Published: May 2021

This chapter intends to explore the influence of digitization on supply chain sustainable performance. An attempt has been made in this chapter, first, to define supply chain management and its practical relevance, then to highlight the different components of the supply chain, and finally, how Industry 4.0 technologies can be used in designing these components so that all the components of the supply chain work in a coordinated manner and that they are effective in achieving the objectives of supply chain sustainability.
The Perspectives of Supply Chain Management Using Natural Knowledge From 3D Blockchain Technologies and Avatar-Based and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Authors: Mkrttchian Vardan , Davydov Dmitry , Voronin Viacheslav
Published: May 2021

The blockchain restores control and ownership of information back to its rightful owner, thus eliminating dependencies on central authorities and third parties. These material chains are immensely complex; they can be subject to the laws and regulations of more than 200 countries and territories, and they are heavily influenced by many different factors ranging from freight consolidation to the timing of hundreds of concurrent shipments. This chapter is about algorithmic modeling of supply chain management using natural knowledge from a 3D-hybrid blockchain as a dragon chain.
A Blended Learning Toolbox for Educators
Authors: Bosch Chantelle
Published: May 2021

The focus for blended learning in education has grown immensely in the last decade. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 ignited the need to transform the traditional face-to-face classroom setting to online and blended learning environments. These transitions can be a daunting and challenging task, especially in underprivileged communities where resources are few and facilitators and institutions are not well-equipped to make the change. This chapter provides a theoretical overview of blended learning that focusses on defining blended learning, benefits and challenges of blended learning, and blended learning models. The chapter concludes by presenting “a blended learning toolbox” that can be used to assist facilitators in the design process of blended learning environments.
Supporting EFL Science Students Through a Multilingual Approach to Blended Learning
Authors: Charamba Erasmos
Published: May 2021

Throughout the history of mankind, language has been used as a tool of ascendance and colonisation to consolidate power and create governable subjects. In this way, the coloniser's language became the colonised country's official language. Upon attaining political independence, several of these nation-states embarked on educational reforms by revising their curricula in the name of ‘decolonising education'. A closer look at these countries' curricula shows they are still largely Eurocentric following the monolingual ideology of ‘one nation, one language' with foreign languages being the lingua franca for these multilingual societies despite this approach being singled out as the major cause of academic underachievement in most countries. This chapter investigates the available technological approaches to support the teaching of science to English foreign language (EFL) students who are taught through a language different from their home language.
Content Developers as Stakeholders in the Blended Learning Ecosystem
Authors: Breed Adri , Fouché Nadine , Brink Nina , Coetzee Marlie , Erasmus Cecilia , Kapp Sophia , Pilon Sulene , Wierenga Roné , van Huyssteen Gerhard
Published: May 2021

Within the blended learning environment, it is important to consolidate expert content and pedagogy inside and outside the classroom. Subject experts who serve as content developers play a vital role by contributing quality controlled subject content covered by the curriculum, which can be made available to students on digital platforms. However, in developing countries and in communities where resources are limited, good and complementary digital content may not be accessible to all learners. Teachers are often left to their own devices to develop teaching content. When considering Afrikaans language teaching in South Africa specifically, there is a great need within the language community for learning and teaching support. This chapter reports on the role that the Virtual Institute for Afrikaans (VivA) is playing as a content provider of quality Afrikaans linguistic material in the blended learning environment. The aim is to present VivA as a case study or prototype of an independent organisation acting as a key stakeholder in the blended learning ecosystem.
Transitioning Courses During COVID-19
Authors: DuCloux Kanita K. , Jones Michelle S. , Herron Jeffrey D.
Published: May 2021

In this chapter, three Black faculty from two different predominantly white institutions (PWIs) reflect on how they were able to successfully transition their traditional face-to-face courses to online or remote courses in a short time frame. They briefly describe the two institutions followed by a discussion of the struggles with technological issues, the benefits and disadvantages of working from home, as well as the stress of coping with COVID-19-related issues. Next, the faculty describe the strategies implemented with college students to help the students navigate the transition and be successful in their courses when all schools, colleges, and universities were forced to make the switch from traditional face-to-face instruction to online or remote teaching due to the pandemic.
Remote International Student to Remote Teacher
Authors: Elkhoury Eliana , May Natasha
Published: May 2021

The aim of this chapter is to reflect on the experience of designing teaching and learning training for international graduate student teaching assistants (ITAs) during the pandemic, which caused a move to remote teaching. This chapter is particularly important for educational researchers who have an interest in supporting international teaching assistants as well as domestic teaching assistants. The chapter is divided into five sections. In the first section the authors describe their background and previous experience and their aim for designing the training itself. The authors will include the training design in the second section. The third section will lay out the challenges that the authors identified. The fourth section will contain the lessons learned from this experience and the resulting best practices. Finally, the fifth section will include the future directions.
Safety and Security in Nightlife Areas in the Netherlands
Authors: Galetzka Mirjam , Bloeme Randy , de Vries Peter W. , Abraham Manja , Van Hoof Joris , van Soomeren Paul
Published: May 2021

Nightlife areas aim to offer a hospitable environment for a public that is looking for entertainment but also produces nuisance. A recent paradigm shift focuses on changing public behavior rather than policing. This chapter describes two case studies from the Netherlands. The observations showed that at night the nightlife areas become an unofficial ‘festival zone' with large groups of tobacco smokers on the streets. Noise from these smokers (and friends) was identified as a major problem. Based on the lessons learned, a behavioral intervention approach is proposed that relies on multi-stakeholder participation and combines technology and choice architecture. The use of technology is relevant in several steps of the approach, and can be useful in facilitating behavior, reducing the impact of disruptive behavior, and monitoring the effectiveness of interventions. However, the Amsterdam case study also suggests that technology should rather be a small component of a broader positive behavioral and multi-stakeholder approach.
Using Simulation to Understand and Respond to Real World and Cyber Crises
Authors: Straub Jeremy
Published: May 2021

Crisis situations require decisions to be made rapidly and under higher pressure than under normal circumstances. In many cases, not all of the information required to make an optimal decision will be readily available, meaning decisions will need to be made with limited information or as information is being collected. This chapter considers how simulation can be used to prepare for and respond to crisis situations, both in the real world and in the cyber realm. To this end, prior uses of simulations are reviewed. Then a paradigm for the use of simulation to prepare for and respond to real-world and cyber crises is proposed and evaluated using four case studies. From this, general conclusions are drawn, and areas for additional study are identified.
September 2017 Mexico City Earthquakes
Authors: Santos-Reyes Jaime
Published: May 2021

The chapter presents the results on the performance of the SASMEX during the 2017 earthquakes that hit Mexico City. The approach has been the use of a questionnaire-based survey to a sample population of N=2,400. The results are discussed in the context of a systemic disaster management system (SDMS) model. A summary of the key findings are: 1) for the 07 September earthquake, age and occupation were significantly associated with the performance of the SASMEX system, to the extent that young (13-20 years old) participants considered the early warning system as very useful; however, employees considered it as “not at all” useful; 2) for the 19 September earthquake, age and occupation were significantly associated with the SASMEX performance. In particular, the subjects in the over-50 range considered the system as “not at all” useful, and students and employees regarded it as “very useful”; 3) given 1 and 2, it is necessary to further educate the residents of the capital city on the functioning of the SASMEX system (e.g., its strengths and weaknesses, warning time, etc.).
Women in Organizations
Authors: Tan Basak Ucanok
Published: May 2021

There has been a retreat from the “conventional” work organization to new forms of contemporary organizations. Parallel to this shift in organizational forms, the composition of the workforce also changed. Greater numbers of women entered the labour market and began occupying managerial positions. Despite the increase of women in the workforce, progress towards equality lagged behind. The intention of this chapter is to provide an overall picture of the representation of women in organizations and to acquaint the readers with some of the major issues that play role in women's career advancement. The chapter begins by introducing macro and micro level barriers that hinder representation of women in the contemporary workplace. Some of these major barriers, such as stereotypes attached to women, occupational segregation, the gender pay gap, and discrimination are then detailed and theoretical and practical implications are provided. The chapter also covers studies on the leadership of women in organizations and outlines the need to unravel the potential of women.
Gender Equity Evaluated by Five Successful Women in the Medical Profession
Authors: Jorge Ana , Alves Helena , Carvalho Fátima , Ferreira Maria Amélia , Machado Maria-Ceu
Published: May 2021

The authors (five women with successful experiences in different medical specialties, researchers, academics, Hospital Service Director, Presidents of Board of Health Institutions and National Agency, Minister of Health and Director of the Medical Faculty), make a reflection about gender equity in Portugal and the impact of 45 years of democracy. The medical profession in Portugal has a high rate of women, but this is not the same in leadership positions. The role of women in the medical profession needs to be re-evaluated, especially in top positions. This chapter is divided into four sub-chapters: “The role of organizations and professional associations to improve gender equality”, “Gender equity in Academia: past, present and future”, “Gender Equity in the Medical Profession as a Management Strategy”, and “The role of gender to the networks in research and medical education”, by Fátima Carvalho and Helena Alves, Maria do Céu Machado, Ana Jorge and Maria Amélia Ferreira.
Women in Religious Leadership
Authors: Mathew Leemamol , Ashok H. S.
Published: May 2021

The chapter proposes a framework to understand women religious leaders. This operates on two axes: The first axis is that of power where the extremes are 1) Weberian idea of power as authority and 2) power as radical source. While power as authority views it individualistically reinforces patriarchy, power as radical source views it systemically and aims to reverse the power relations in the society. The second axis used in this chapter is that of societal change. In the societal change axis, the extremes are prophetic leaders and institutionalist leaders. While institutionalist leaders focus on reform of the religious structures, prophetic leaders act as the conscience keepers against any injustice in religion. These two axes give us four types of religious women leaders: traditional prophetic (TP), traditional institutional (TI), radical prophetic (RP), and radical institutional (RI). Mother Teresa, Matha Amruthandamaye, Marie Dentiere, and Jamida Beevi are few women leaders of religion the authors explore in this chapter to explain this framework.
Women in Higher Education Administration Leadership and the Role of Institutional Support
Authors: Thomas Sheila
Published: May 2021

Studies show women are underrepresented in higher education leadership. Nonetheless, women leaders achieve success when they receive strong institutional support. Mentors and coaches, both men and women, have the most impact on women's success, while other institutional aids include financial assistance, leadership support, and open institutional culture. Women who advance in their careers tend to remain at their institution. At the same time, lack of institutional support, family and work conflicts, and limited career advancement opportunities continue to pose barriers as women seek positions in the upper echelons of academic administration. Thus, there is a need for strong, consistent institutional support to improve and accelerate women's progress. Institutions that implement change in an inclusive, adaptable, and flexible manner can build a supportive infrastructure that benefits everyone. Women who prepare academically and professionally and contribute to the scholarly literature will help shape the future of higher education.
Gender Relations in the Black Church
Authors: Bragg Cynthia B.
Published: May 2021

This chapter examines the lived experiences of women in the Church of God in Christ (COGIC) and presents a model for partnership in leadership with clerics and churchwomen. The model is based on the premise of the visionary founder and “Chief Apostle” of this denomination. Histories of churchwomen in this organization portray them as staunch supporters of ministries in the church. Women in leadership roles were defined by the founder as overseers—a term suggesting honorary prestige to women that was equal to clerical positions in the church. Following the death of the founder, however, churchwomen encountered barriers to leadership positions which lowered their status and authority thus impacting their inclusion, agency, and voice in matters of church leadership and governance.
Underrepresentation of Latina Faculty in Academia
Authors: Sapeg Raquel
Published: May 2021

This chapter explores the contributing factors of the underrepresentation of Latina faculty in tenured positions in one higher education institution through a qualitative case study. The narratives from eight tenured Latina faculty in one state public four-year university in the southeast area of the United States were analyzed to identify barriers or supports these minority faculty experienced while working to achieve tenure. Five main themes emerged from the analysis: organizational exclusionary practices, white male-oriented culture where resources are used to benefit white males, demoralizing microaggressions from white faculty, the university leadership's lack of action and accountability to address diversity and inclusion challenges, and the lack of support networks and mentoring. This chapter addresses various reasons higher educational institutions need to remove barriers that negatively affect recruitment and retention of Latina faculty and provides recommendations to academic leaders to implement and hold everyone accountable to an inclusive academic environment.
Resisting Exotic Puppetry
Authors: Lavallee Lynn F.
Published: May 2021

Indigenous women have increasingly taken up leadership roles in the academy, particularly in the time of truth and reconciliation within the Canadian context. While the institutions are keen to promote Indigenous leadership, spaces are carved out, yet there is a surge of resignations, firing, and toxic work environments. This chapter will delve into the colonial patriarchy and misogyny that intersects with Indigeneity within academic institutions. The notion of these carved out spacing being stages of performance and the exotic puppetry that often plays out particularly for Indigenous women will be underscored.
Advancing Gender Equity Through Mentoring and Leadership Development
Authors: Sims Cynthia M. , Carter Angela D. , De Peralta Arelis Moore , Höfrová Alena , Brown III Stephen W.
Published: May 2021

A new president and provost at the University of the Southeast (pseudonym) recognized the high rate of attrition among female and minority faculty and implemented a faculty mentoring and leadership development program to improve gender equity in a large higher education institution in the US. In total, 28 tenured faculty of which 60% were women participated in this 9-month program. The authors designed this program to be an organizational change intervention; hence, a human performance technology framework was used to design and evaluate this mentoring and leadership development program, along with a logic model, and Kirkpatrick's four levels of evaluation. This mixed method study included pre- and post-surveys (T1, n = 26; T2, n = 14) to determine participant satisfaction and knowledge gained and assessed behavior change through participants' interviews (n=18). Outcomes determined that human performance technology, a logic model, and Kirkpatrick's evaluation approach were useful methods to design and assess this program.
Corporate Female Leadership Effects Considering PSI20 and IBEX35 Companies' Performance
Authors: Madaleno Mara , Vieira Elisabete S. , Teodósio João P. C.
Published: May 2021

Using a sample of 47 Portuguese and Spanish firms for the period 2010 to 2017, the authors study the relationship between female presence on board and firm's accounting (ROA and ROE) and market-based (MTB and Tobin's Q) performance. They find that women on the board of directors is positively related to firm's performance, as well as the gender of the CFO and the proportion of women on the listed key professionals, when we consider the market measures of performance, not being so consistent for accounting performance measures. Results were sensitive to the performance measure used. The results reinforce the political options of European Commission gender established quotas, revealing that in the Iberian countries these quotas are not being effectively implemented, even if results suggest that women on board in fact exert positive influence over market performance. This also led us to think that financial markets may also react in a positive way when the CFO of the company is a woman instead of a man, despite the sample limitations both in terms of gender and number of firms.
Women's Leadership Aspirations and Career Paths in Higher Education
Authors: Hill Lilian H. , Wheat Celeste A. , Mandishona Tanyaradzwa C. , Blake Andrea E.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to provide insight into the ways in which personal life roles such as mother, daughter, and/or spouse/partner influence the leadership aspirations of women holding senior university administrative positions (e.g., academic dean, vice president, provost). The chapter is informed by a postmodern feminist perspective and reviews literature related to pathways to the presidency, family considerations, gender roles, and geographic mobility. Findings from the literature are integrated with those of the dissertation of the second author. In keeping with a postmodern feminist perspective, the chapter concludes with recommendations for change in recruiting diverse women for higher education leadership.
Overcoming Strategies of Behavior of Women With Endometriosis
Authors: Subbotina Ruzanna , Akopyan Anna , Ilina Irina , Ivashkina Marina , Bondaruk Ekaterina
Published: May 2021

The article highlights psychosomatic diseases in gynecology. A review of the literature indicates that the nature of psychosomatic relationships is largely determined by the personality, which should be considered taking into account the characteristics of his socialisation. Many diseases are increasingly viewed from the point of view of experiences, processing of experiences, mental and psychosocial conflicts. In gynecological diseases, in particular, various manifestations of psycho-emotional disorders, disorders of the system of significant relationships are possible. At the same time, the circle of contacts with people is narrowed, the importance of the female and social role, position in relation to all life situations is changing. One of the effective directions in the study of human psychosomatics can be the analysis of psychosomatic disorders, taking into account coping strategies in the period of overcoming stressful situations. An analysis of coping strategies for overcoming stress opens up the possibility of identifying its features that determine the nature of psychosomatic disorders.
Ethics of Outsourcing Drug Trials
Authors: Barat Somjit
Published: May 2021

With rising costs of drug testing and more stringent requirements, Western countries have been increasingly outsourcing their drug trials. While such actions make sense from a cost-benefit point of view, can we conclude the same from a marketing-ethics perspective? Are these lesser-developed countries being held to the same ethical standards and practices as expected in the Western countries? Are the drug companies' actions somehow influencing the research participants' decision to partake in such trials? The author applies the theory of reasoned action and ethical marketing underpinnings to develop relevant propositions. Consequently, drug testing companies, research participants, and marketing agencies can utilize these propositions to investigate whether more rigorous oversight is required to protect research participants.