bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ban Simon und seine Beteiligung an politisch-militärischen Ereignissen in den Jahren 1301–1324 in Siebenbürgen
Authors:   ULBS, Șovrea Adrian N.
Published: March 2024

In this article we refer to ban Simon, an obscure and enigmatic character from the history of Transylvania. According to Hungarian historiography, he is part of the Szalók clan, the Transylvanian branch called Kendy (after the Chendu citadel, today in Mureș county). As for his properties, they are concentrated around two domains: Chendu and Dârlos.
Ban Simon is mentioned directly in documents from 1296, 1299, 1301, 1317 and indirectly in other documents from the 14th century where his sons are referred to. The dignity with which he is remembered, namely “ban”, is an honorific one. At the time of his mentions in the documents, Simon did not run a Banate.
The first three decades of the 14th century are tumultuous, encompassing the rise of the voivode Ladislaus II Kán as an autocrat over Transylvania (1301–1315), the rebellion of the Transylvanian nobility led by the sons of Ladislaus II Kán (1316–1321) and the rebellion of the Transylvanian Saxons (1324).
Regarding the involvement of ban Simon and his family in these events, Simon was part of the Káns' camp in the first phase, being loyal to the voivode; after 1317 he joined the king's camp, but the documents do not clearly and directly refer to his involvement in the mentioned events.
It is not known when he died, but most likely between 1324–1325. On May 2, 1325, the chapter of Alba of Transylvania passes the sentence regarding the division of ban Simon's wealth among his 6 sons. His descendants will form local noble families: Somogyoni-Almási (Șmig-Alma), Kendhidái (Chendu), Bekscsényi (Becsehely, in Hungary), Darlaci (Dârlos), Csikmántori (Țigmandru) and Baládfi (after the proper name Balád).
Die Pfarrwahlen im Unterwälder Kapitel im 17. Jahrhundert
Authors:   ULBS, Bándi András
Published: March 2024

Research on Lutheran confessional culture in Transylvania has focused mainly on pinpointing the official theology and the antagonism towards Calvinism. The paper attempts to show, on the basis of the archival documents of the Antesilvanum Chapter based in Sebeș, how the election of pastors in the 17th century, especially towards the end of the 17th century, is a characteristic feature of Lutheran confessional culture, which corresponds to the results of research in this field. Analyzing the microhistory of a multi-ethnic chapter, composed of towns and villages located on the Fundus regius or on the Noblemen’s domains, we found out how the chapter representatives tried to maintain their customs regarding what they considered one of the pillars of freedom of the privileged Saxon churches: the election of pastors by the local communities through the chapter’s supervision and the patronage of the superintendent. The oppressive climate imposed by the preference of the princes of Transylvania towards Calvinism and the political regime with its obvious absolutistic tendencies led to the “embedding” of the Lutheran confessional identity. In the case of the election of pastors, this is manifested in the rigorism and obstinacy with which the chapter tries to maintain its own procedures and customs, which is difficult to achieve, for example, in the context of a serf village with a very influential landowner who is ignorant of Saxon ecclesiastical particularities, or in the context of free villages whose electors are subject to pressure from the Saxon political elite, both at the level of the Nation's University and at the level of the Seats, with no lesser interference than from the nobility. It was even more interesting to observe how the representatives of the church united with the political leadership of the Seats and the University in depriving the Romanian inhabitants of the free villages of participating in the election of the Saxon pastor, to whom they paid tithes.
Sprachrohre einer kleinen Gemeinschaft: die Periodika des Bukarester Turnvereins und dessen Beziehungen zur Bukarester deutschen Presse
Authors:   UBB Cluj-Napoca, Florea Ioana
Published: March 2024

The Bucharest Gymnastics Association published throughout the years two periodicals, with the declared purpose of informing the members of the association about the current activities but also of providing a report of achievements and shortcomings for the generations to come: Jahresbericht des Bukarester Turnvereins/ Annual Report of the Bucharest Gymnastics Association and Nachrichtenblatt des Bukarester Turnvereins/ Newsletter of the Bucharest Gymnastics Association. The present article carries out a monographic presentation of the two periodicals published by the Bucharest Gymnastics Association and examines the association's relationship with the German press in Bucharest in order to offer a glimpse into the everyday life of the German community living in Bucharest in the second half of the 19th century and the interwar period, as it has been insufficiently analyzed from a historical point of view.
Hello from our New Executive Director!
Authors: Ross Noam
Published: March 2024

I am pleased, excited, and humbled to announce that I am stepping into the role of Executive Director of rOpenSci starting April 1. First, let me give my gratitude to our outgoing Executive Director and friend Karthik Ram for his leadership and mentorship running rOpenSci the past decade. He’s been a steady hand and visionary that helped our community accomplish so much together in this time.
Causes, consequences, and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in humans
Authors: Koprivica Marko , Kašiković-Lečić Svetlana
Published: March 2024

This group of vitamins consists of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3, which are synthesized in the body of some invertebrates and plants, but also in the human body. Ultraviolet rays cause vitamin D to integrate under the skin. The vitamin is transported via specific proteins to all parts of the body, where it performs numerous roles. The low level of vitamin D in blood is a current public health problem. Vitamin D deficiency is especially pronounced among the elderly and obese. Currently, vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increase in bone and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, malignant, autoimmune and allergies diseases. That is why it is extremely essential to establish and correct the deficiency of this vitamin in a timely manner. Compensation can be done partly through food, but also through oral supplements, and in more severe cases, by intramuscular administration of vitamins.
The effects of L-carnitine in reducing hepatotoxicity of statins in rats
Authors: Ibrahim Doaa , Bader Shahad , Bader Omar
Published: March 2024

Objective. The first line of treatment for hyperlipidemia is statins. In this group, atorvastatin is the most popular and effective drug. Hepatic toxicity and myopathy are the two observed adverse effects of statins. The active form of carnitine is L-carnitine, a water-soluble compound found in food, the body, and the majority of dietary supplements. There are many uses for L-carnitine in the human body. It assists in the removal of free radicals from the body and lowers hydrogen peroxide production, both of which may guard against liver side effects brought on by statins. Methods. Eighty rats were randomly divided into four main groups: control, L-carnitine, atorvastatin, and combination (L-carnitine + atorvastatin) groups. These groups were subdivided into three subgroups based on different doses of the drugs. The L-carnitine group was divided into L200, L300, and L400. The atorvastatin group was divided into A10, A15, and A20. The combination group was subdivided into AL10/200, AL15/300, and AL20/400. All groups received their treatments daily for one month. Results. According to our findings, the effects of L-carnitine (200 mg/kg daily) on the increase in AST brought on by atorvastatin are not statistically significant, although they are significant on the increases in ALT, ALP and TSB. L-carnitine still has substantial impacts on ALT, ALP and TSB even at larger doses, while its impacts on AST levels had become significant. Conclusion. Our research highlights the beneficial effects of supplementing with L-carnitine over a four-week period, which effectively mitigates the liver damage caused by atorvastatin.
Comparative analysis of two methods of socket preservation: A pilot study
Authors: Trajčuleski Stavre , Veleska-Stevkovska Daniela , Terzievska Aneta , Menčeva Žaklina
Published: March 2024

Objective. Volumetric changes of the residual alveolar ridge begin after tooth extraction. They are more pronounced in the vestibule-oral aspect than in the coronary-apical aspect. In order to preserve the volume of hard and soft tissues, several types of bone grafts, bone substitutes and biomaterials have been used. PRF (Platelet Rich Fibrin) as an autologous blood derivative has been used in recent years as a solo graft material or in combination with other graft materials. The aim of this study was clinical and radiological evaluation of two different methods of socket preservation. Methods. Two study groups of 10 subjects each, one with socket preservation with solo PRF and the other with PRF+xenograft. Dimensional changes after 4 and 6 months, density of the newly formed bone after 4 months with CBCT 3D (cone beam computed tomography) imaging technique, postoperative morbidity during the first 7 days after intervention were evaluated. Results. Statistical analysis confirmed lower bone resorption in the PRF+GRAFT test group compared to the PRF group. Better density of the newly formed bone was found in the PRF+GRAFT group and better ratio between the density in the socket and the density in the periapical region. Postoperative morbidity decreased in both groups. Conclusion. Recommendation for the use of PRF as an adjuvant with other grafts and substitutes, as well as a solo graft material.
Diverticulum of the urinary bladder
Authors: Jandrić-Kočić Marijana , Knežević Snežana
Published: March 2024

Bladder diverticulum involves herniations of the mucosa between the smooth muscle fibers of the detrusor. Causes can be acquired, congenital and iatrogenic. They cause serious complications including rupture of the diverticulum and development of acute abdomen, as well as intradiverticular neoplasm. They are often discovered incidentally during radiographic evaluation and study of nonspecific symptoms or signs of the lower urinary system. Diverticulectomy is the procedure of choice in treatment. A 42-year-old man came to the family medicine clinic for a routine check-up. No problems, so far healthy. He has a positive family history of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Ultrasound examination of the abdomen (convex probe 3.5-5 MHz) revealed a large septated cystic change with a diameter of 24x15 mm in the right subhepatic area. Computed tomography in the right half of the hemiabdomen, i.e. in the right infracolic space, identifies a clearly limited thin-walled cystic change of size 108x99x100 mm (LLxAPxCC) that descends in the lower pole into the pelvis. Intraoperatively, it was determined that the cystic change corresponds to a bladder diverticulum. The patient underwent diverticulectomy and Lichtenstein hernioplasty. Recovered, with a stable general condition and satisfactory surgical findings, he was discharged home on the seventh postoperative day. Careful evaluation and ultrasound examination in the family medicine clinic enabled timely diagnosis and successful intervention and prevented serious complications.
Measuring adolescents' health literacy
Authors: Milutinović Dragana , Vida Željana , Aranđelović Branimirka , Smuđa Mirjana , Živković Dragana
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Health literacy enables adolescents to access, understand, and evaluate health information, act on it in a relevant and competent way, make decisions, and take measures that promote health in different contexts of everyday life. The study aimed to assess adolescents' health and e-health literacy levels, evaluate the differences in adolescents' health literacy to sociodemographic characteristics and health determinants, and determine their relationship. Material and methods: The study was designed as an observational, analytical, comparative, and cross-sectional survey of secondary vocational schools and gymnasium pupils. The sample consisted of a total of N = 456 adolescents. The following research instruments were used: The Health Literacy Measure for Adolescents (HELMA), the e-Health Literacy Assessment Scale (e-HEALS) and a general questionnaire for obtaining sociodemographic data and data on health determinants created for this research. Results: The desired health literacy level was reached by 61.6% of adolescents, and 38.4% were at limited health literacy. A high level of e-health literacy was established in the majority of adolescents. Adolescents showed the highest level of health literacy in understanding health information and communicating about it, and the lowest level was in the domain of calculations. The difference in the level of health literacy was determined by age, school performance and mother's education, as well as by health determinants. The health literacy level and e-health literacy among adolescents are strongly positively correlated. Conclusion: Considering that more than one-third of adolescents have limited health literacy and the impact of health literacy on disease prevention, self-care and quality of life, it is necessary to work on raising the level of health literacy among adolescents through educational interventions.
Quality of life of children and adolescents with spina bifida
Authors: Glamočak Sandra , Uzelac Jovana , Golubović Špela
Published: March 2024

Quality of life is a construct that often engages the research community. Examining this construct is of particular importance for individuals with disabilities, chronic illnesses, as well as those with various impairments and disorders. Investigating the quality of life in the population of children and adolescents with spina bifida is particularly significant due to the wide range of challenges these individuals face. This study aims to review relevant literature to identify key factors influencing the quality of life of children and adolescents with spina bifida, with the goal of gaining a deeper understanding of their overall experiences and quality of life. Data from the literature were collected using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Literature search, analysis, and comparison of results within the research were conducted based on keywords: spina bifida, myelomeningocele, quality of life, health-related quality of life, children, and adolescents. Based on the review of research results, it can be concluded that the quality of life of children and adolescents with spina bifida is significantly compromised across various dimensions of this construct, and the combined presence of different factors significantly influences the quality of life of this population.
Contribution to determining the limits of the efficiency of target tracking
Authors: Radosavljević Zvonko , Ivković Dejan
Published: March 2024

The track quality measuring by the track probability existence in order to determine the limits of the possibility of effective target tracking is present in this paper. The most known algorithms for radar target tracking do not have tools to measure track quality. There is no valid procedure that guarantees the verification of the optimal algorithm for a specific application in targets tracking. Standard Integrated Track Splitting (ITS) is the efficient, fully automatic multi target tracking algorithm with initialization, maintenance and deletion tracks and is well-known single and multi target tracking algorithm, also proposed for the purpose of testing the limits of successful tracking. The paper allows the user to choose optimal parameter by the proposed parameters - thresholds of confirmed and false tracks in order to achieve better false track discrimination (FTD). In particular, a diagram of RMSE position errors is also given in the comparison of the proposed algorithm.
Merging the puzzle cards of biodiversity in a community-oriented perspective
Authors: Gaglioti Martina
Published: March 2024

N/A
Banking systems are facing challenging times ahead: What does the future hold for banks in the foreseeable future?
Authors: FotovaČiković Katerina
Published: March 2024

N/A
Effective Factors in Evaluating Tourism Marketing Performance
Authors: Jalaliyoon Neda
Published: March 2024

Given that the survival of organizations depends on their ability to create value and value is defined

by customers. Marketing is a tool to attract customers and it is contributing to the long-term commercial success

and therefore, evaluating their performance is a crucial task for management. Due to the fact that there is lack of

specific criteria and indicators to evaluate marketing performance, this paper proposes the criteria and related

indicators for performance evaluation of tourism marketing by adopting Meta-Synthesis method and Grounded

and Multi Grounded Theories. The statistical population included academic and industrial experts were identified

from universities and tourism sector activists in Malaysia. This study introduces 11 main criteria and 40

indicators for each aspect in order to evaluate the performance of tourist attraction.
Towards Industry 4.0: Color-Based Object Sorting Using a Robot Arm and Real-Time Object Detection
Authors: ZeChern Ong
Published: March 2024

With the introduction of Industry 4.0, automation and robotics have made great strides, enabling

enterprises to improve their manufacturing processes for increased productivity and efficiency. This project

introduces a novel method for implementing Industry 4.0 concepts through color-based object sorting employing

a robot arm with real-time object identification capabilities. Creating a reliable and effective system that can

automatically categorize items based on their color properties is the main goal of this project. To enable seamless

object recognition and manipulation in real time, the suggested system integrates robotic manipulation with

computer vision algorithms. The system makes use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) for precise object

detection, using recent advancements in deep learning and image processing, allowing the robot arm to interact

with a variety of items effectively. The training phase and the sorting phase are the two key phases of the

approach. The CNN model is trained on a sizable dataset of labeled objects during the training phase to recognize

various colors and forms. In order for the robotic arm to recognize things as they go along the conveyor belt and

sort them into predetermined bins according to their respective colors, the trained model must be integrated with

the robotic arm during the sorting phase. Several experiments are carried out with various lighting setups and

object arrangements to evaluate the performance of the suggested system. The outcomes show how well the

system performs in terms of exact object detection and reliable sorting. The system's capacity to effectively

handle a variety of objects and adapt to changing environmental conditions further emphasizes its suitability for

use in actual industrial scenarios. This project has important ramifications for the manufacturing sector, enabling

improved automation capabilities and cost-efficiency. An important step towards implementing Industry 4.0

principles is the seamless integration of color-based object sorting and real-time object detection using a robotic

arm. This will allow industries to optimize their production processes, minimize human intervention, and

increase overall productivity. Further developments in robotics and computer vision are anticipated to push the

limits of automation and open the door for more advanced and intelligent industrial systems as technology

develops.
Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Enterococcus Spp. Isolated from Urine Samples
Authors: SujonAli Md. , AshiqurRahman Md. , Islam Sadia , Rahaman Shohanur , Sakib KM. , Al-AminHossen Md. , JahanRimu Adiatuj
Published: March 2024

Enterococci are the most common cause of healthcare-associated urinary tract infections. Enterococcus spp. were isolated from each of Urine and differences for Enterococcus contamination in urine were determined. Because of its unimportant commensals, Enterococci have developed into diverse, deadly diseases due to the routinely prescribed antibiotics for the treatment of nosocomial UTIs are less effective, the developing antibiotic resistance is concerning. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of different enterococcal species isolated from urine samples and to observe the prevalence of microbes in urine samples among the different types of patients. The frequency of enterococci isolation from hospitalized patients' urinary tract has risen. This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2021 to December 2021 at the Department of Microbiology, AMZ Hospital Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 439 urine samples were collected and 96 (21.87%) samples showed growth of different isolates, in growth isolates 29 (30.20%) samples were Enterococcus spp. In this study, the sample was sensitive against Linezolid (95.55%), Vancomycin (89.67%), Penicillin (68.98%), Gentamycin (68.96%), Imepenum (55.17%). From our study revealed that different strains of Enterococcus spp. are resistant to drugs at different rates.
Ortaçağ İslam Siyasal Düşüncesi Bağlamında Devlet Kavramının Muadilleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Yıldırım Onur
Published: March 2024

Ortaçağ İslam siyasal düşüncesi bağlamında devlet kavramını, bu düşünceye kaynaklık eden dört ilmi türün ortaya koyduğu üç teorinin kılavuzluğunda değerlendirmek mümkündür. Bu ilmi türlerden ikisi olan kelâm ve fıkıh alanlarındaki eserler açısından devleti incelemenin yolu imâmet teorisine başvurmaktan geçer. Fars kültüründen mülhem siyasetname türü devleti, bu türün siyasal gerçeklik ve ideal siyaset arasında kurduğu bağdan hareketle değerlendirir. Siyasetname türündeki eserlerde devlet kelimesini karşılama amacıyla genellikle mülk kelimesi tercih edilir. Platon ve Aristoteles mührü taşıyan İslam siyaset felsefesi, devletle konusunu ideal yönetim bağlamında inceler. Antik Yunan mirasının yetkin siyasal örgütlenme biçimi olarak kabul edilen polis, bu mirasın etkisiyle eser üreten İslam filozofları aracılığıyla medineye dönüşür. Bu çalışma, Ortaçağ İslam siyasal düşüncesine kaynaklık eden fıkıh, kelâm, siyasetname ve siyaset felsefesi alanlarındaki belli başlı eserler aracılığıyla ortaya konulan devlet kelimesini muadilleri bağlamında değerlendirme amacındadır. Bu ilmi türlerin kılavuzluğunda devletin tanımı ve devlet kelimesine kaynaklık eden tarihsel-kültürel mirasların neler olduğu konuları işlenecektir.
Bilgi Savaşında Manipülasyon Ve Jeopolitik Kodları
Authors: Ergün Oğuzhan
Published: March 2024

Bu makalede; karar verme sürecini yöneten karar verici aktörlerin ve bunları işleyen mekanizmalarının infosferde yön kaybına uğratılması, zeki insanlara yanlış kararlar verdirilmesinin nedenleri ele alınmaktadır. Resmi söylemin inanılırlığını kaybettiği ve gerçeğin çürütüldüğü bilgi ve zihin katmanında stratejik öznenin nasıl yön kaybına uğratıldığı, bilgi savaşında hedef alınan devlet ve toplulukların post-modern jeopolitik tasarıdaki yeri değerlendirilmektedir. Makalede ağların çökertildiği, yıkıcı sonuçların hedeflendiği (subversion) ağ savaşları konusu ile bilgi savaşının hâkim siyasi otoriteler tarafından iç politikada kullanımı inceleme dışı tutulmuştur.

20. Yüzyılın sonundan itibaren dilsel ve kültürel dönüşümden etkilenen jeopolitik evren, jeopolitik tasarının oluşturulmasında siber uzayın sanal (mücerret, soyut) sahasını kullanarak “infosfer ve noosfer” katmanlarında sosyal ve siyasal etki üretmeye başlamıştır. Böylece güç siyasetinin öngördüğü çıkarlara uygun olarak yer kürenin şekillendirilmesinde jeolojik katmana ek katmanlar güç mücadelesinde yer almıştır. Yeniçağın savaş ve çatışmaları ilhamını zamanın ruhundan alarak nitelik değiştirmekte yeni güvenlik anlayışı farklılaşmaktadır
DINAMIKA KELOMPOK SENI DALAM USAHA PELESTARIAN SENI TRADISI (STUDI TERHADAP KELOMPOK SENI TEATER MATA ENDE FLORES)
Authors: Parera Thomas Paulus
Published: March 2024

Seni musik tradisi pada era modern harus terus dilestarikan karena berdampak pada keberlangsungan manusia sebagai makhluk yang berkarakter dan berbudaya. Proses pelestarian ini tentu akan menghadapi kendala karena berhadapan dengan fakta bahwa generasi muda cenderung untuk mengkonsumsi budaya asing dan melupakan budaya sendiri. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengkaji dinamika atau proses kreatif yang terjadi di dalam kelompok seni musik tradisi “Rumah Kreasi Teater Mata Ende” yang dalam karyanya selalu mengangkat dan mendaur ulang berbagai jenis budaya tradisional seperti musik, tarian dan busana tradisional untuk dipentaskan secara menarik pada zaman modern ini. Kelompok ini terdiri atas para pegiat seni musik tradisi yang memiliki latar belakang pendidikan dan bakat yang berbeda-beda. Mereka bersatu dalam sebuah kelompok untuk menghasilkan suatu pertunjukkan yang bagus dan menarik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualititaf dengan pendekatan interaktif kepada subjek penelitian seperti wawancara dan observasi. Kesimpulan tulisan ini adalah bahwa dinamika kelompok yang didasari oleh ketertarikan dan keterikatan yang sama akan seni musik tradisi membuat seni musik tradisi dapat dipersentasi kembali sebagai suatu pentasan yang menarik dan pantas untuk dikembangkan dan dilestarikan.
NUANSA FOTO BUSANA DARI ABAD KE-20 SAMPAI KE-21
Authors: Perani Maulidah Zhulis
Published: March 2024

Artikel ini membahas sejarah singkat fotografi busana dan mengamati foto busana dari abad ke-20 sampai abad ke-21. Foto-foto tersebut ditampilkan dan dibedakan sesuai tahun terbitnya agar dapat diamati perbedaannya. Perbedaan yang sangat terlihat tentu karena pengaruh perkembangan teknologi. Artikel ini dibuat karena foto busana semakin eksis karena kemajuan teknologi dengan adanya situs belanja online, karena hal itu, perancang busana berlomba-lomba membuat merek busana dan mengembangkan perusahaannya. Walaupun nuansa foto busana zaman dahulu dengan zaman sekarang berbeda, beberapa fotografer zaman sekarang lebih memilih mengadaptasi tema zaman dahulu.
Couple On Holiday
Authors: Titihalawa Dresser Julian Hendri , Nindhia Cokorda Istri Puspawati , Wirakesuma I Nengah
Published: March 2024

Couple on Holiday adalah dokumentasi momen pasangan yang sedang menghabisakan waktu liburannya di Bali. Biasanya selain berlibur mereka juga sedang menikmati bulan madu berdua di Bali. Momen ini yang penulis akan tampikan dalam bentuk karya fotografi. Penulis akan menampilkan foto pasangan-pasangan yang sedang berlibur di Bali di hotel tempat mereka menginap. Penulis melakukan pemotretan hanya di dalam hotel yang mereka singgahi. Foto pasangan yang penulis ciptakan adalah foto pasangan yang akan menampilkan momen kebersamaan pasangan selama berada di hotel dan momen keromantisan pasangan itu sendiri. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui teknik dan kendala di lapangan saat menghadapi tamu hotel.
Spiritual Nexus: The Interwoven Sacred Sites of the Kailash Region
Authors: Lama Nabraj
Published: March 2024

This article investigates the complex network of sacred sites within the Kailash region, an axis of profound spiritual significance for a multitude of faiths. The central figure of this sacred web is Mount Kailash, surrounded by the mystical Lake Manasarovar and Rakshas Tal, the restorative springs of Tirthapuri, and the reflective sanctuary of the Bon Monastery. This study delves into the spiritual importance, historical connections, and intricate cultural practices maintained across these sites. Darchen, the starting point for the spiritually charged Kailash Kora, marks the pilgrims' journey towards potential enlightenment. Moreover, the paper investigates the ecocultural dynamics, emphasizing the monasteries around Manasarovar, including the Bon Monastery, as enduring custodians of spiritual wisdom despite historical tribulations. Harnessing a variety of interdisciplinary perspectives, the article portrays how these sites collectively constitute a spiritual heritage that continually shapes the socio-religious fabric of the region. It also addresses modern challenges due to increased pilgrimage, advocating for sustainable conservation efforts. By intertwining the cosmic symbolism and earthly presence of these sites, this article contributes a holistic view of the Kailash region's perpetual sacredness and its essential place within the global spiritual domain.
AI-Driven Cloud Security: The Future of Safeguarding Sensitive Data in the Digital Age
Authors: Rehan Hassan
Published: March 2024

As organizations increasingly rely on cloud computing for storage, processing, and deployment of sensitive data, ensuring robust security measures becomes paramount. This paper explores the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud security, presenting AI-driven solutions as the future of safeguarding sensitive data in the digital age. Leveraging AI algorithms and machine learning techniques, cloud security can adapt and evolve to counter emerging threats in real-time, enhancing detection, prevention, and response capabilities. This paper discusses various AI-driven approaches to cloud security, including anomaly detection, threat intelligence analysis, and behavior analytics, highlighting their effectiveness in mitigating risks and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards. Additionally, it addresses the challenges and ethical considerations associated with AI-driven cloud security, emphasizing the importance of transparency, accountability, and ethical AI principles. By embracing AI-driven solutions, organizations can fortify their defenses against cyber threats and maintain the integrity and confidentiality of their sensitive data in the evolving digital landscape.
Social Media Advertising Persuasion on Mature Students’ Buying Behaviour: A Neural Network Validation Approach
Authors: Zia Tayyaba , Javed Ruqaiya , Khawaja Sarwar , Qureshi Fayyaz
Published: March 2024

The primary purpose of this study was to examine social media advertising's persuasive power on mature students' purchasing behaviour. Social Media (SM) has become an integral part of daily life as a source of inspiration, entertainment, shopping, news and information. SM has a profound impact on consumer behaviour. Furthermore, SM allows companies to communicate better with their consumers and strengthen their associations. The advertising world has not been spared by social media influence. Companies are now more careful with social media advertising, significantly predicting consumer responses and behaviour and avoiding unexpected blunders to prevent a viral consumer backlash on networking sites. This quantitative study aimed to test two hypotheses regarding social media advertising persuasion on mature students' buying behaviour. First, an online survey was conducted using Google Forms to collect data from mature students studying in a private higher education institution in England. Second, we validated the regression results using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach. Data were quantitatively analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 and RStudio. The hypothesis testing results showed time spent on social media to be significantly associated with social media advertising persuasion. Furthermore, the neural network results confirmed the logistic model and suggested that mature students who found social media advertisements useful, persuasive and helpful in making decisions were more likely to purchase products online. In conclusion, social media advertising is one of the major driving forces behind user purchases of goods and services in the current environment. Social media advertising was collectively analysed and did not consider the number of different social media types, which could be investigated individually. Furthermore, this investigation only considered mature students in the private higher education sector. However, other traditional students in the public higher education sector with their attitudes toward social media advertising persuasion and their purchase behaviour could also be examined. Keywords: Social Media Advertising, Persuasion, Buying Behaviour, Mature Students
Exploring the link between Adult Literacy and Textese: A multi-method Approach
Authors: Khanam Rehana , Ofori Dudley , Naomee Iffat
Published: March 2024

The research study aims to find the relationship between textese (using text messaging as a way of communication) and adult literacy. The study was mixed method in nature and was conducted on 60 participants from three different countries – the UK, Uganda, and Bangladesh. Participants of this study were selected conveniently from private and public HE institutions, whereas the countries were selected purposively. Past research on literacy and textese was based on English- speaking countries and school-aged children. This study thus focused on comparing adult participants from both English and non-English-speaking countries to test the hypotheses of the relationship between textese and adult literacy. The data was collected primarily through the survey (a questionnaire) in a quantitative phase, which was followed by a qualitative phase (semi-structured interviews) with 18 participants (6 participants from each country) from the 60 participants. The findings showed that a high rate of textese improves English speaking. However, over 63% of the non-English speaking participants’ scores on the two spelling tests (taken one week apart) declined due to exposure to textese. Textese has been shown to impact spelling, leading to poor writing skills for both English and non-English participants. However, the rise of textese with the utilisation of informative content has been accompanied by a comparative increment in related slang, images, and shorthand text during communication. Consequently, this consideration explores the relationship between textese, content informing, and grown-up education through the present media’s rumour. Keywords: Textese, Spelling, Adult literacy, formal writing, multimethod.
Mature Students’ Choice to Study a Foundation Year at Private Higher Education Institutions UK
Authors: Zia Tayyaba , Qureshi Fayyaz , Abraham Kayode
Published: March 2024

The primary purpose of this study was to find out why mature students are studying a Foundation Year (FY) in private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the UK. In recent years, the UK government has been pursuing to increase the diversity of students in UK HEIs. One of the ways to provide access to mature students to HEIs is through FY. Most HEIs in the UK offer a foundation year, which has become the best choice for mature students. This quantitative study aimed to answer research questions and test three hypotheses regarding mature students' choice to study a foundation year at a private HEI. The online survey was conducted using Google Forms to collect data from 750 mature students studying in three private HEIs in England. Data were quantitatively analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. The questionnaire focused on reasons for choosing a Private HEI and studying a foundation year. The findings showed that most students prefer to study at private HEIs because of friends and family recommendations and evening & weekend classes. The provision of evening and weekend classes is hardly available at public HEIs. In addition, Private HEIs have multiple intakes, a comparatively easy and fast admission process and friendly marketing & admission staff. The mature students' preference for the foundation year includes a straightforward enrollment procedure, an easy route to return to a degree programme, and no formal qualification required. Keywords: Mature Students, Study Choice, Foundation Year, Private Higher Education
Challenges and Prospects of Private Higher Education in Nigeria
Authors: Akinwalere Susan
Published: March 2024

The study's primary purpose was to explore the challenges and prospects of private higher education in Nigeria. Private Higher Education (PrHE) in Africa has grown significantly in recent years, and Nigeria has been at the forefront of this trend. The desk research was used to gather information and data from sources such as books, journals, reports, databases, and online resources, including relevant websites. It is a cost-effective way to collect data relevant to the research topic, aims & objectives. PrHE in Nigeria is an integral part of the African higher education landscape, proliferating in response to the increasing demand for higher education. As a result, PrHE in Nigeria has bright prospects to contribute significantly to the continent's development in terms of HE and economy. However, PrHE in Nigeria faces several challenges: high tuition fees, limited funding, shortage of qualified and experienced academic staff, lack of government support, inadequate infrastructure and concerns about quality and accreditation. Of course, these challenges are not unique to Nigeria, but they are significant. They will need to be addressed if PrHE in Africa in general, particularly in Nigeria, is to continue to grow and thrive. Keywords: Challenges, Prospects, Growth, Private Higher Education, Nigeria
Perceived Effect of COVID-19 on the Academic Performance and Satisfaction Level of Online Teaching of Sandwich Students
Authors: ARHIN DAVID , Annan-Brew Ruth , Adu-Mensah Jephtar , Yeboah Adelaide , Opoku Alexander
Published: March 2024

The study examined the perceived effect of COVID-19 on academic performance and the satisfaction level of online teaching of sandwich students on the OLA university campus. The study was a descriptive survey design with a quantitative approach. The accessible population was made up of 150 students. Through a multi-stage sampling approach, a sample size of 109 students was chosen for the study and determined using Miller and Brewer's (2003) sample size mathematical model. Data was collected using an adapted questionnaire with an r = .727. Data on respondents' demographic characteristics, as well as data to answer the four research questions, were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (Pearson Product Moment correlation, r). The study found a negative influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on students’ academic performance who study through the sandwich mode of learning. The study found that there is a high satisfaction level of online teaching among sandwich students. However, they are faced with problems of poor internet connection and the inability to purchase internet data/bundle for online learning. Ultimately, it was discovered that the degree of pleasure with online instruction and the effect of COVID-19 on academic achievement are not significantly correlated. The Ministry of Education, the universities, and all other relevant stakeholders were advised to provide online teaching apps. Also, they should provide professional training for online teaching applications and devices, Wi-Fi facilities, affordable internet packages, and virtual resources in light of the findings.
Understanding Childhood: A literature Review
Authors: Udeh Kelechi Victoria , Kalu Ntite Orji
Published: March 2024

A child’s identity can be explained by certain characteristics such as age, size, and physical developments and so on. Childrenare critical for the continuance of the human society. The journey through childhood determines individual personalities and the ability to handle the demands and responsibilities of adulthood. Every society is and should be interested in the well-being of the child. The concept of childhood consists of all the experiences happening within this period of life. The vulnerability of the child has not only prompted interest in the person of the child, but also makes it necessary to legalize laws and rights, enforce rules to protect and ensure its well-being by governing bodies, parents, cultural practices and so on. Different approaches and schools of thoughts have debated the main determinants and components of childhood, and the resulting behaviors in later life. This paper is based on the need to understand the background of human behavior which is ultimately traced to childhood components and experiences. This paper is theoretical in nature and has reviewed scholarly articles on the genetics, cultural, and anthropological components of childhood, carefully selected from credible and accredited databases. This paper also discusses, objectively, the criticisms facing these approaches to childhood, such as the child’s personality trait, people’s perception of who a child is, and the use of media to facilitate those perceptions. Lastly, the paper establishes the individualism of a child regardless of external factors, as a main contributor to the personality and behavior of the child, and later as an adult member of the society, making a huge impact on the success of that society.
Environmental contaminants and male infertility: a comprehensive review
Authors: Chhattar Swati
Published: March 2024

Environmental pollutants have become a topic of discussion in recent years due to their potential effects on male reproductive health. This review explores the connection between environmental pollutants and male infertility. Numerous studies have shown an alarming increase in male infertility rates across the globe and have associated environmental causes with infertility. It has been demonstrated that varied levels of male reproductive system dysfunctions are caused by pervasive pollutants, including pesticides, heavy metals, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs, such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, imitate or interfere with the way hormones work, altering sperm quality, sperm count, and sperm motility. Heavy metals like lead and cadmium build up in the body, impairing sperm production, while pesticides disturb hormonal balance and semen characteristics. This mini-review explores the ways through which environmental pollutants impair male fertility, identifying oxidative stress and epigenetic alterations as major factors. Strict regulations and lifestyle modifications are considered as possible tactics to lessen the effect of environmental pollutants on male infertility. In order to protect male reproductive health in a world that is becoming more contaminated, the need for additional study, public education, and legislative measures is underlined. Understanding these dynamics is essential for developing effective preventive measures and securing a healthier future for generations to come.
Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di Era Digital: Persepsi Taruna dan Tantangan dalam Pendidikan Vokasi Maritim
Authors: Nursyam  , Ratno  , Kusmaladi Rony
Published: March 2024

Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris telah mengalami perkembangan yang signifikan seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi di era digital. Teknologi telah menjadi bagian tak terpisahkan dari proses pembelajaran, memengaruhi cara kita mengajar dan belajar. Di lingkungan pendidikan vokasi maritim, integrasi teknologi dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris menjadi sorotan utama, namun penting untuk memahami persepsi taruna terhadap penggunaannya. Persepsi ini meliputi pandangan tentang manfaat, tantangan, dan preferensi dalam menggunakan teknologi sebagai alat pembelajaran. Studi sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa taruna umumnya memiliki sikap positif terhadap integrasi teknologi dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Taruna menganggap teknologi dapat meningkatkan pemahaman materi, keterlibatan, dan memfasilitasi komunikasi. Namun, tantangan seperti kesenjangan akses teknologi, kurangnya literasi digital, dan kendala teknis juga diidentifikasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan campuran kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk menggali persepsi taruna di Politeknik Pelayaran Barombong. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas taruna memiliki persepsi positif terhadap penggunaan teknologi dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Namun, ada ruang untuk peningkatan, terutama dalam mengatasi tantangan seperti kesenjangan akses teknologi. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi persepsi taruna meliputi tingkat ketertarikan dan kebiasaan dalam menggunakan teknologi dan kendala teknis. Dengan memahami faktor-faktor ini, institusi dapat mengembangkan strategi yang lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan penerimaan dan penggunaan teknologi dalam pembelajaran. Implikasi temuan ini adalah pentingnya penggunaan strategi dan metode pembelajaran yang interaktif, peningkatan efektivitas dan efisiensi penggunaan teknologi, serta penanganan tantangan melalui pendekatan inklusif dan pelatihan literasi digital. Dengan demikian, institusi dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris dan memberikan pengalaman pembelajaran yang lebih efektif, inklusif, dan relevan bagi taruna di lingkungan pendidikan vokasi maritim.
Associations of Migraine and Tension-type Headache with Glaucoma
Authors: Kim Jong-Ho , Kwon Young-Suk , Lee Sang-Hwa , Sohn Jong-Hee
Published: March 2024

Purpose: It remains unclear whether primary headaches, particularly migraine, are associated with glaucoma. We investigated potential associations between primary headaches, including migraine and tension-type headache (TTH), and primary glaucoma, including open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and closed-angle glaucoma (CAG).Methods: We used data from the Clinical Data Warehouse collected between 2008 and 2023 to investigate whether migraine and TTH influence the risk of primary glaucoma. We compared the prevalence of primary glaucoma, including OAG, CAG, other glaucoma, and total glaucoma (TG), among patients with migraine, those with TTH, and controls.Results: This study analyzed 46,904 patients with migraine, 48,116 patients with TTH, and 455,172 controls. Controls were selected based on propensity score matching (PSM). After adjustment for covariates and PSM, the fully adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for patients with migraine were 1.83 for OAG (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.33–2.51; p<0.004) and 1.55 for TG (95% CI, 1.26–1.91; p<0.004) compared to controls. Furthermore, in patients with TTH, the ORs for CAG were 2.20 (95% CI, 1.40–3.47; p<0.004) compared to controls. Additionally, patients with migraine had fully adjusted ORs of 1.71 for OAG (95% CI, 1.24–2.36; p<0.004) and 1.41 for TG (95% CI, 1.15–1.73; p<0.004) compared to those with TTH.Conclusion: Migraine is associated with primary glaucoma, particularly OAG.
CULTURAL AMBIGUITY AS IRRECONCILABLE ANTAGONISM IN SHAKESPEARE’S MAJOR TRAGEDIES
Authors:   “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Department of English, CUŢITARU CODRIN LIVIU
Published: March 2024

This paper aims at exploring the cultural ambiguity which William Shakespeare remarkably extracts from the sources of his major plays, turning it into an essential instrument of the tragic and the tragedy, i.e. into a form of irreconcilable conflict, antagonism. Therefore, what in normal/modern circumstances would appear as “plagiarism” becomes here a token of artistic genius and brilliant creation, the very nucleus of the tragic construction. We approach, from this angle, the four outstanding tragedies Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Macbeth, intending to clearly define each one’s cultural (that is, tragic) conflict. Likewise, the sources of these masterpieces, Saxo Grammaticus’s Gesta Danorum, François de Belleforest’s Histoires Tragiques (for Hamlet), Cinthio’s Un Capitano Moro (for Othello), the Celtic legend Leir of Britain (for King Lear) and Holinshed’s Chronicles… (for Macbeth), are compared to their Shakespearean “avatars”, with the purpose of displaying the way in which the asserted antagonism manifests itself at the level of the “prototype”. The outcome of the critical investigation reveals that the so-called cultural ambiguity takes various forms in Shakespeare’s plays, going from the clash of civilizations (Hamlet and Othello) to the crisis of identity (King Lear and Macbeth).