bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endogenous endophthalmitis secondary to Lemierre's Syndrome originating from pharyngotonsillitis
Authors: Gorrotxategi Nerea Gangoitia , Garmendia Iñigo Salmeron , Heras-Mulero Henar , Arbués Santiago López , Silva Esther Compains
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to report a case of Lemierre’s Syndrome producing unilateral endogenous endophthalmitis in a healthy, young woman with a history of tonsillitis.
Case report/observations: A 17-year-old healthy woman developed fever after a few days of sore throat. She later developed pneumonia with septic signs, leading to admission to the Intensive Care Unit. Lemierre Syndrome was diagnosed due to multiple septic pulmonary emboli and signs of sepsis following a recent episode of tonsillitis. During hospitalization, the patient complained of decreased visual acuity and floaters in her left eye. Ophthalmological examination revealed papillary edema, vitritis, foci of chorioretinitis in the macula and Roth’s spots, confirming the diagnosis of endogenous endophthalmitis. Subsequently, she underwent appropriate treatment, progressing satisfactorily.
Conclusion and importance: Although ophthalmological manifestations are rare, due to the pathophysiological characteristics of Lemierre’s Syndrome, all patients should underwent standard ophthalmologic assessment, even in the absence of ophthalmic symptoms or visible findings, as part of a multidisciplinary management approach.
Assessment of Pollution Impacts and Quality of Water for Agriciultural and Domestic Purpose Using Selected Physico-chemical and Microbiological Parameters as Indices
Authors: Adediran Arinola Becky , Adediran Adeimpe Tejumade
Published: February 2024

The assessment of the pollution impacts and water quality of Oyun River which is located in Ilorin Kwara state Nigeria was investigated using Physico-chemical and microbiological parameters as indices. Water samples were collected for a period of 16 weeks. The analysis of parameters were done using standard procedures. The pysico-chemical parameter results showed mean value of pH (7.80-7.00), turbidity (82.00-30.00mg/L), suspended solids (110.30-20.10mg/L) dissolved solid (40.20-10.10mg/L),total solids (140.50-30.30mg/L), dissolved oxygen (7.60-4.25mg/L), COD (2.60-1.50mg/l),Nitrate (6.10-2.50mg/L), Phosphate (2.00-0.80mg/L),Sulphate (16.00-9.50mg/L),total hardness (60-27mg/L) and total alkalinity (50-30mg/L). The microbiological results showed total heterotrophic bacterial counts (22.30 to 10.30 ×101 cfu/ml), total Coliform counts (10.30 to 3.20 ×101 cfu/ml), total fecal counts (6.30 to 2.00 ×101 cfu/ml) and fungal counts (6.00 to 2.00 ×101 cfu/ml). Total of nine (9) bacteria and three (3) fungi were isolated and identified with highest cumulative frequency of occurrence of 100% (E.aerogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger. The ranges of most of the parameters were found to be comparable to those reported for other African river and are within freshwater limits. However, some are above the WHO standard. Therefore the study concludes that the water should be treated prior to consumption and other human use to improve its quality and forestall waterborne diseases.
Stream Restoration that Allows for Self-Adjustment Can Increase Channel-Floodplain Connectivity
Authors: Christensen Nicholas D. , Prior Elizabeth M. , Czuba Jonathan A. , Hession W. Cully
Published: February 2024

Streams are often “restored” to reduce sediment loading using one or a combination of practices such as livestock exclusion, riparian plantings, and/or bank reshaping and stabilization. Direct comparisons of how these methods affect stream processes, including channel-floodplain connectivity, over time are essential to informing restoration design. (Channel-floodplain connectivity is the ability of a stream to exchange water, sediment, and nutrients with its floodplain at high flows.) To investigate the impact these stream restoration practices have had on channel-floodplain connectivity, we developed a 2-D HEC-RAS hydraulic model for 3 restoration treatments along an urban and agriculturally impacted stream in southwest Virginia, United States. All 3 treatments excluded cattle in 2009. The farthest upstream treatment, Treatment 1, had no other intervention while the other two, Treatments 2 and 3, were regraded and stabilized, then replanted with native species (completed May 2010). The overhanging banks of Treatment 2 were regraded to a slope of 3:1, while those of Treatment 3 had a flat inset floodplain cut into the bank before sloping the banks at 3:1. During the 11-year monitoring timeline, prior work showed the streambanks in Treatment 1 migrated through both outer bank erosion and inner bank deposition with the autogenic creation of inset floodplains, while Treatments 2 and 3 had minimal bank adjustment. The adjusted geometry of Treatment 1 provided higher floodplain volume, channel-floodplain exchange flows, and flow moving across the floodplain than Treatments 2 and 3. Treatment 3 showed some metrics of higher connectivity than Treatment 2, but there was not uniform agreement between metrics. While the hydraulic analysis indicates a higher channel-floodplain connectivity in Treatment 1, active management of Treatments 2 and 3 has reduced the bank erosion rate and accelerated the riparian forest regrowth, providing other benefits including increased shading, wood supply, and vegetation diversity.
Research progress of persistent organic pollutants in water: classification, sources, potential risks, and treatment approaches
Authors: Mandal Aindrila , Senthil Kumar P. , Poorva Cumbakonam Sampathkumar , Srinivasa Raju Lohita , Balasubramani Senthil Rathi , Rangasamy Gayathri
Published: February 2024

The occurrence of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in almost every sphere of life and their notorious effects have been a global concern for quite a few decades, regardless of the fact that notable conventions have banned the standard POPs. Control measures and numerous technologies are being researched, but still exhibits challenges to completely curb these chemicals’ destructive effects. The negative impacts of the POPs in terms of environmental and human health are a growing concern. In recent years, studies have proven that the list of POPs keeps increasing, and their concentrations levels are widely varied region wise. The current review presents sources and classification of POPs. Furthermore, the deleterious consequences due to POPs on environment and human health have been illustrated. A few potential methodologies that can be implemented to control the hazardous effects of POPs have been discussed.
The Role of the UN Security Council & General Assembly In Responding to the Invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Trahan Jennifer
Published: February 2024

This article explores the roles of the UN Security Council and UN General Assembly related to the 24 February 2022 invasion by Russian forces of the territory of Ukraine. It considers the Security Council’s paralysis, and suggests states make more use of the UN Charter language that requires obligatory abstention in voting of a “party to a dispute” under Chapter VI; the article also considers legality issues related to a permanent member’s veto use that aids its own jus cogens violation. As to both topics, the article suggests the General Assembly could weigh in by issuing a substantive resolution or requesting an Advisory Opinion from the International Court of Justice. The General Assembly, or the Council acting under Chapter VI, could also establish a Special Tribunal on the Crime of Aggression for the situation of Ukraine.
Effect of Novel Laser Shoe Photobiomodulation on Neuropathic Pain and Plantar Pressure Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Maiya G. Arun , Jadhav Radhika Aditya , K. Hrishikesh Yadav , H. Manjunatha Hande , Hebbar Harishchandra , Mohan Karthik
Published: February 2024

Background:

Photobiomodulation (PBM) or Low-level laser is used to treat diabetic
foot complications. The existing method of laser application to the foot did not cover the foot's
entire area to improve the foot's microcirculation. Therefore, we have developed a cost-effective
Special LASER Shoe device, focusing exclusively on the entire foot region to manage neuropathic
pain and other symptoms in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective:

The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of this newly developed
special laser shoe PBM on neuropathic pain and plantar pressure profile in individuals
with type 2 diabetes mellitus with neuropathy.

Methods:

We included 60 participants with diabetic peripheral neuropathy of both genders and
age more than 20 years. Participants were treated with PBM by a specially designed novel Laser
Shoe. Outcomes were clinical variables like Vibration Perception Threshold (VPT), Visual Analogue
Scale (VAS), Michigan neuropathy screening instrument A&B, Ankle-Brachial Index
(ABI), and Static dynamic gait parameters.

Results:

Participants were with an average age of 62, and the average duration of diabetes was
11 years. Analysis showed a significant difference in VPT, VAS, Michigan neuropathic screening
inventory, and ankle-brachial index. (P < 0.05)

Conclusion:

We conclude that Novel laser shoe photobiomodulation using 'Laser Shoe' effectively
reduces peripheral neuropathic pain. It is also effective in reducing average and maximum
plantar pressure. Reduction in neuropathic pain and improvement in plantar pressure distribution
can reduce further complications.
Telemedicine, e-Health, and Digital Health Equity: A Scoping Review
Authors: Petretto Donatella Rita , Carrogu Gian Pietro , Gaviano Luca , Berti Roberta , Pinna Martina , Petretto Andrea Domenico , Pili Roberto
Published: February 2024

Background

With the progressive digitization of people's lives and in the specific healthcare context, the issue of equity in the healthcare domain has extended to digital environments or e-environments, assuming the connotation of “Digital Health Equity” (DHE). Telemedicine and e-Health, which represent the two main e-environments in the healthcare context, have shown great potential in the promotion of health outcomes, but there can be unintended consequences related to the risk of inequalities. In this paper, we aimed to review papers that have investigated the topic of Digital Health Equity in Telemedicine and e-Health [definition(s), advantages, barriers and risk factors, interventions].

Methods

We conducted a scoping review according to the methodological framework proposed in PRISMA-ScR guidelines on the relationship between Digital Health Equity and Telemedicine and e-Health via Scopus and Pubmed electronic databases. The following inclusion criteria were established: papers on the relationship between Digital Health Equity and Telemedicine and/or e-Health, written in English, and having no time limits. All study designs were eligible, including those that have utilized qualitative and quantitative methods, methodology, or guidelines reports, except for meta-reviews.

Results

Regarding Digital Health Equity in Telemedicine and e-Health, even if there is no unique definition, there is a general agreement on the idea that it is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon. When promoting Digital Health Equity, some people may incur some risk/s of inequities and/or they may meet some obstacles. Regarding intervention, some authors have proposed a specific field/level of intervention, while other authors have discussed multidimensional interventions based on interdependence among the different levels and the mutually reinforcing effects between all of them.

Conclusion

In summary, the present paper has discussed Digital Health Equity in Telemedicine and e-Health. Promoting equity of access to healthcare is a significant challenge in contemporary times and in the near future. While on the one hand, the construct “equity” applied to the health context highlights the importance of creating and sustaining the conditions to allow anyone to be able to reach (and develop) their “health potential”, it also raises numerous questions on “how this can happen”. An overall and integrated picture of all the variables that promote DHE is needed, taking into account the interdependence among the different levels and the mutually reinforcing effects between all of them.
Hydraulic Modelling for Leakage Reduction in Water Distribution Systems Through Pressure Control
Authors: Alsaydalani Majed O.
Published: February 2024

Background

Leakage in a water distribution network makes up a significant amount of loss. In certain countries, this loss represents 40% to 50% of the supplied water, whereas the global average for most systems is estimated at around 30%. Furthermore, water demand is increasing as a result of population growth, while resources are dwindling.

Methodology

This study used hydraulic modelling for leakage reduction through pressure control. For this purpose, a hydraulic model was created using the software EPANET for a selected water distribution network in a district-metered zone in Jeddah. The model was calibrated and validated for the district-metered zone using data obtained by SCADA. Pressure management using a pressure-reduction valve was then implemented to control the amount of leakage in water distribution systems.

Results

The preliminary findings show that pressure optimization was required as there were nodes within the network that had excessive pressure. Application of pressure management to the district metered zone showed that the reduction in water pressure from 5 bar to 2 bar resulted in an immediate reduction in water losses. The leakage volume through the district-metered area at the time of maximum pressure dropped by 10% after pressure reduction. Simultaneously, the minimum required pressure was upheld at each demand node, preventing any lack of pressure in the water distribution system.

Conclusion

The results indicated that pressure control should be integrated with hydraulic modelling for effective leakage reduction. This research could help water-supply companies as a support tool for planning and managing leakage in water distribution systems.
A Convergent-mixed Method Study on the Attitudes and Perception Towards Suicide Memes and Suicidality
Authors: Nicomedes Christian Jasper C. , Sasot Christoper F. , Santos Geraldine F. , Distor John Mark S. , Marzan Pricila B. , Manda Aimee Rose
Published: February 2024

Background

As the number of social media users rises, so does the popularity of internet memes. This includes suicide memes, which are centered on the surreal aspects of human life, existence, and voluntary death. Opinions vary; some find them triggering and offensive, advocating against their presence on social media. Meanwhile, others see them as harmless entertainment for the audience.

Methods

The researchers examined the perception of suicide memes relative to suicidal behaviors of 230 respondents. The convergent-mixed method was utilized to analyze both quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously.

Results

The study found that most respondents reported self-injury without suicidal intent, desires to be dead, and suicidal thoughts. Additionally, a significant portion experienced isolation or feelings of loneliness, and the majority had not received any treatment. More participants reported experiencing suicidality over their lifetime and within the past month and found suicide memes entertaining. Qualitative analysis revealed themes including humor, inappropriateness, relatability, triggering, destigmatization, and perception dependence on delivery/poster. Respondents not wishing to die expressed negative reactions, while those with suicidal ideation found the memes amusing or soothing.

Conclusion

The study reveals a complicated and split view among social media users regarding the propriety and impact of such content by finding a substantial correlation between people who engage in self-injury activities and those who find suicide memes amusing. The results imply the need for greater tact and awareness while posting or making suicide-related memes on social media, especially considering the varied viewpoints and experiences of people with different degrees of suicidality.
A Novel approach for Corneal Remodeling of Laser Asymmetric Keratectomy with Collagen Cross Linking in Patients with Keratoconus Suspect
Authors: Min Ji Sang , Lee Dongcho , Lee SeongSu , Min Pyung Moo
Published: February 2024

Background

True Keratoconus Suspect (KCS) is an absolute contraindication to LASIK or Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) due to postoperative ectasia.

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of laser asymmetric keratectomy with collagen cross-linking (L-LAK-CXL) in myopic patients with suspected keratoconus (KCS).

Methods

This study included 40–44-year-old four myopic (-2.50 to -5.50 D) patients (4 eyes), of KCS with focal corneal steepening over +47.0 D and peripheral asymmetric corneal thickness. L-LAK-CXL was performed for both original ablation of refractive errors and crescentic customized ablation of the thicker peripheral cornea selectively and myopic changes due to the ablation of the peripheral thicker cornea simultaneously, followed by CXL without the epithelium. We compared preoperative and postoperative ocular findings, including corneal symmetry (total differences of the corneal thickness in four directions (SUM) and decentration of the thinnest point (DISTANCE)) and tear break-out time (TBUT).

Results

From preoperative to postoperative, spherical equivalent (D, average) decreased from -3.38 to -0.34, uncorrected distance visual acuity (LogMAR) increased from 0.53 to 0.00, and Kmax (average D) had decreased from +48.3 to +43.95, central pachymetry (CP, µm, average) decreased from 574 to 511. Postoperative corneal symmetry increased markedly owing to decreased SUM and DISTANCE scores. TBUT increased over 15 s postoperatively. No post-operative corneal ectasia was observed.

Conclusion

L-LAK-CXL improved corneal symmetry in myopic patients with KCS by reducing SUM, decreasing DISTANCE and Kmax, increasing TBUT, and demonstrating good postoperative visual outcomes.
Internal Structure of the Brazilian Online Version of the Childbirth Fear Prior to Pregnancy Scale
Authors: Mizobata Vanessa Natsumi , Castro Andrezza Belluomini , de Lima Parada Cristina Maria Garcia , de Avila Marla Andréia Garcia , Gibim Bruna Nayara , Jamas Milena Temer
Published: February 2024

Background

Approximately 80% of pregnant women have some degree of childbirth fear, which can have short- and long-term negative effects when not correctly identified and managed. Therefore, it is essential to assess childbirth fear to measure and identify factors related to this fear. Furthermore, it is crucial to develop appropriate and early interventions to improve the childbirth experience for women and their families, including the obstetric care provided.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the validity of the internal structure of the Brazilian online version of the Childbirth Fear Prior to Pregnancy (CFPP) scale.

Methods

This methodological study was conducted to assess the validity of the internal structure of the Brazilian online version of the CFPP scale. A total of 553 men and women aged 18 or older participated in the study. The participants were not pregnant at the time of data collection but intended to have children in the future. A combination of Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses were used for statistical analysis. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha and McDonald’s Omega indicators. The Research Ethics Committee approved the study (protocol no: 4.961.821.)

Results

The psychometric parameters indicated a unidimensional model with adequate factor loadings (0.47–0.73) and reliability (0.86). Goodness of fit was achieved (χ2/df = 1.5, NNFI = 0.97, CFI = 0.98, GFI = 0.98, and SRMR = 0.06).

Conclusion

The Brazilian online version of the CFPP scale showed evidence of internal structural validity and reliability for measuring the construct in the population of this country.
Comparison of Levels of Satisfaction between Online and Classroom Learning Among Physical Therapy Students, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand
Authors: Kitjawasombut Kaninnuch , Binhasan Mareena , Ninpradap Oraphin , Taejarernwiriyakul Ormjai
Published: February 2024

Objective

The study aimed to compare the levels of satisfaction and determine factors influencing satisfaction with learning, between online and classroom learning.

Methods

This cross-sectional questionnaire survey included 195 students of the Faculty of Physical Therapy, Srinakharinwirot University, during the 2021 academic year who had experienced online/on-site learning. Data (including demographics, learning style, and factors affecting learning) were collected by a questionnaire, which had a Cronbach's alpha of .94. Descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, were reported. Analytical statistics such as the paired t-test, Pearson correlation, and linear regression were used to report associated factors of satisfaction with learning (the outcome).

Results

The participants showed different satisfaction levels with online and classroom learning (p < .05). The extent to which learning factors (student, family, teacher, and environment) predicted levels of satisfaction for online learning were R2 = .59, .48, .64, .82, respectively and for classroom learning were R2 = .70, .51, .71, .79, respectively.

Conclusion

The levels of satisfaction with online learning differed from those of classroom learning. Factors related to being a student, family, teacher, and environment predicted the level of satisfaction with learning.
Pyolytics: A Step Forward to Address Respiratory Hypoxia in Coronavirus
Infection
Authors: Yagudin Ilnur , Suntsova Darya
Published: February 2024

Respiratory failure and increasing hypoxia in the era of coronavirus infection is the
cause of fatal outcomes in patients with SARS. The bronchoalveolar obstruction prevents the
normal passage of air, resulting in decreased oxygenation. The available methods of oxygenation
(ECMO) are often not cost-effective and are not readily available in pandemic settings.
Hence, the search for alternatives has prompted the discovery of a new pharmacological group
- pyolytics, the use of which is very promising due to its simplicity and availability.
Biochemical and Familial Factors Influencing COVID-19 Disease Progression
Authors: Altunbas Rıza , Batu Aziz , Turkel Adnan , Akın Ali , Tendik Umut
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

COVID-19 is a global pandemic that has caused significant mortality. The
disease severity varies among individuals, and the factors influencing its course remain unclear. This
study aimed to investigate the influence of biochemical parameters and familial data on COVID-19
outcomes.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of 122 COVID-19 patients was conducted. Patients were categorized
into two groups: outpatients with mild symptoms and those admitted to the intensive care unit
(ICU) and intubated. Demographic data, biochemical levels of vitamin D, vitamin B12, and magnesium,
and COVID-19 outcomes of first-, second-, and third-degree relatives were collected.

Results:

The ICU group had a higher proportion of males (75%) and older patients (average age:
63.18±12.89 years) than the outpatient group (40% males and an average age of 45.13±13.77 years).
Both groups had similar BMI, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 levels. However, magnesium levels were
significantly higher in the ICU group (mean 2.25±0.3 mg/dL) than in the outpatient group (mean:
1.98±0.2 mg/dL). A significant familial relationship was identified between COVID-19 outcomes
and disease course. Among the ICU patients, 25% had first-degree relatives who died from COVID-
19, compared to only 10% of the outpatient patients. Similarly, second- and third-degree relatives of
ICU patients had a higher mortality rate from COVID-19 than relatives of outpatient patients.

Conclusion::

Age, gender, and magnesium levels may influence COVID-19 disease severity. Familial
ties (genetic relatedness) may also play a role, suggesting potential genetic predisposition. Further
research is needed to validate these findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms
Improving Prediction of Survival for Extremely Premature Infants Born at 23 to 29 Weeks Gestational Age in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Development and Evaluation of Machine Learning Models
Authors: Li Angie , Mullin Sarah , Elkin Peter L
Published: February 2024

Background

Infants born at extremely preterm gestational ages are typically admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after initial resuscitation. The subsequent hospital course can be highly variable, and despite counseling aided by available risk calculators, there are significant challenges with shared decision-making regarding life support and transition to end-of-life care. Improving predictive models can help providers and families navigate these unique challenges.

Objective

Machine learning methods have previously demonstrated added predictive value for determining intensive care unit outcomes, and their use allows consideration of a greater number of factors that potentially influence newborn outcomes, such as maternal characteristics. Machine learning–based models were analyzed for their ability to predict the survival of extremely preterm neonates at initial admission.

Methods

Maternal and newborn information was extracted from the health records of infants born between 23 and 29 weeks of gestation in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) critical care database. Applicable machine learning models predicting survival during the initial NICU admission were developed and compared. The same type of model was also examined using only features that would be available prepartum for the purpose of survival prediction prior to an anticipated preterm birth. Features most correlated with the predicted outcome were determined when possible for each model.

Results

Of included patients, 37 of 459 (8.1%) expired. The resulting random forest model showed higher predictive performance than the frequently used Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology With Perinatal Extension II (SNAPPE-II) NICU model when considering extremely preterm infants of very low birth weight. Several other machine learning models were found to have good performance but did not show a statistically significant difference from previously available models in this study. Feature importance varied by model, and those of greater importance included gestational age; birth weight; initial oxygenation level; elements of the APGAR (appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration) score; and amount of blood pressure support. Important prepartum features also included maternal age, steroid administration, and the presence of pregnancy complications.

Conclusions

Machine learning methods have the potential to provide robust prediction of survival in the context of extremely preterm births and allow for consideration of additional factors such as maternal clinical and socioeconomic information. Evaluation of larger, more diverse data sets may provide additional clarity on comparative performance.
Patients’ Experiences of Digital Health Interventions for the Self-Management of Chronic Pain: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis
Authors: Main Ashleigh , McCartney Haruno , Ibrar Maryam , Rai Harleen Kaur , Muirhead Fiona , Mavroeidi Alexandra , Maguire Roma
Published: February 2024

Background

Chronic pain is a highly prevalent condition that requires multidisciplinary treatment. However, in the United Kingdom, access to specialist pain clinics where patients can receive medical multidisciplinary treatment is limited, and provision varies between health boards. As such, self-management of chronic pain using digital tools has been gaining traction recently, but evidence of its effectiveness from clinical-based trials focuses mainly on quantitative outcomes.

Objective

This systematic review aims to identify, appraise, and synthesize qualitative evidence on patients’ experiences with digital health interventions (DHIs) for the management of chronic pain.

Methods

This systematic review will consider qualitative and mixed methods studies that explore the experience of patients (aged 18 years and older) with chronic pain engaging in DHIs to manage their pain. MEDLINE Ovid, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases will be searched for published studies. The systematic review will be conducted in accordance with the ENTREQ (Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research) guidelines. Following the 3-step thematic synthesis methodology of Thomas and Harden, titles and abstracts will be screened by 2 independent reviewers (AM and HM), and a third reviewer (MI or FM) will resolve any conflict that arises before the full-text screening. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist tool will be used to critically appraise the included studies. The extracted data will be imported to NVivo (QSR International), where thematic synthesis will be used to derive analytical themes from the included studies.

Results

Themes that encapsulate the patient experience will be identified from qualitative evidence, and these themes will shed light on the perceived benefits and disadvantages, usability, acceptability, and the overall impact digital tools can have on the lives of those with chronic pain.

Conclusions

This systematic review will identify, appraise, and synthesize the overall experience of patients engaging in DHI to manage a diverse range of chronic pain conditions. By elaborating the patient experience through qualitative analysis, the findings from this review will enhance our current understanding of the experiences of patients with chronic pain using digital tools for the self-management of their pain and highlight what person-centered elements are essential for future DHI development.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42023445100; http://tinyurl.com/4z77khfs

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/52469
Quality Analysis of YouTube-based Exercise Program for Typically Developed Children: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Na Young , Hong Juntaek , Do Yerim , Rha Dong-wook
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Physical activity during childhood is very important. However, the lack of exercise among children and adolescents is currently becoming a global reality. Moreover, following the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the increase in time spent at home has led to qualitative changes such as home exercise such as YouTube contents.

OBJECTIVE

To conduct qualitative assessments for YouTube-based exercise educational programs as video content and exercise education programs.

METHODS

Python-based video data crawling of YouTube using the keywords “children + exercise,” “kid + exercise,” “child + physical activity,” and “kid + physical activity” was performed on November 27, 2023. Duplicate videos, non-English videos, videos older than 5 years as of the search date, videos with playtime <60 s or >30 min, and videos judged by the researcher as irrelevant were excluded. Basic characteristics of video contents were collected, and video popularity-related parameters, including video power index, qualitative analysis of video contents (m-DISCERN, GQS), and qualitative analysis of exercise programs (i-CONTENT, CONTENT, CERT) were assessed.

RESULTS

Finally, 126 of 2,936 videos were selected. The proportion of videos uploaded by health professionals was only approximately 10%, and most of the videos covered aerobic and muscle strengthening exercises. Qualitative analysis for video content showed moderate to high quality, but only a few video contents satisfied the criteria of effective exercise program, especially in outcome measurement, presence of supervisor, target eligibility, adherence, and providing individualized exercise options. For correlation analysis between items of video contents and exercise program quality, only a few items among them showed a statistically significant correlation.

CONCLUSIONS

YouTube-based exercise educational content targeting children may be inadequate as an exercise education program, with no correlation with video popularity. Although an overall weak to moderate correlation was observed between the quality evaluation of exercise education and the video content, it was insufficient to evaluate the quality of the exercise program using the video quality assessment tools.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Análisis de contenido de la iconografía sobre Fidel Castro (1952-1959)
Authors: López Jaramillo Ana María
Published: February 2024

Las bibliotecas, los libros y las imágenes forman un sistema en el que convergen lo textual y lo visual para comunicar ideas e información acerca de un tema actual o histórico, como es el caso del presente libro cuyo objetivo es identificar las situaciones que guardan las fotografías de Fidel Castro, tomadas en el periodo de 1952 a 1959, publicadas en libros cuya temática es la insurrección cubana, resguardados en el Centro de Información y Documentación "Simón Bolivar" antes Biblioteca "Simón Bolivar" del Centro de Investigaciones sobre América Latina y el Caribe (CIALC).
El efecto de la edad, el sexo y la maduración post mortem sobre la calidad de la carne y el perfil bioquímico de músculos de bovinos Brangus
Authors: Fernández Madero Julieta , Pouzo Laura , Pighín Darío , Navarro Jorge Alejandro , Ailán Fernando , Guzmán Cesar Federico , Paván Enrique
Published: February 2024

Se evaluaron los rasgos de calidad de la canal y los músculos Longissimus thoracis (LT) y semitendinoso (ST), madurados durante 2 o 14 días, de sesenta machos Brangus castrados (MC) y no castrados (MNC), sacrificados a los 16 (M16) o 20 (M20) meses de edad (391 y 434 kg de peso vivo; 3.81 y 4.25 mm de grosor de la grasa dorsal, respectivamente). Las canales de los animales castrados y más jóvenes pesaron menos que las de los no castrados y de mayor edad (P<0.001). La castración produjo más grasa subcutánea y áreas del ojo de la costilla menores (P<0.05). La disminución de la temperatura y el pH fue más rápida en los animales más jóvenes, y el pH final fue menor en los castrados (P<0.05). Mientras que la Fuerza de Cizalla de Warner-Bratzler (FCWB) de LT fue 9 % menor en los castrados, y 7 % mayor en animales más jóvenes (P<0.05); disminuyó con un período de maduración más largo (P<0.001). La FCWB de LT se asoció positivamente con el contenido de colágeno total (r= 0.54; P<0.01) y negativamente con el índice de fragmentación miofibrilar (r= -0.39; P<0.05). La FCWB de ST no se vio afectada por la castración o la edad de sacrificio del animal (P>0.05), pero disminuyó con un período de maduración más largo (P<0.001), y se asoció positivamente con el contenido de colágeno total (r= 0.61; P<0.05). Ambos músculos de castrados sacrificados a edades más tempranas presentaron los valores más altos de L*. Se concluye que la castración y la edad de sacrificio en machos Brangus produjeron diferencias en los valores de FCWB solo en el músculo LT, donde el colágeno no es el principal determinante de la fuerza de cizalla.
The risk of professional incompetence in employees of Azerbaijan Caspian shipping company: retrospective study
Authors: Gurbanova Mehri H.
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE. Estimate risk factors of professional competence on health grounds in employees of the Azerbaijan Caspian Shipping Company.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study used materials of preventive medical examinations of 9904 ACSC employees and the conclusions of the medical and advisory commission for professional competence examination of persons for 2021. The commission recognized professional incompetence in 53 employees.

Statistical processing was carried out using a set of methods of qualitative feature analysis. The frequency of professional incompetence was set per 1000 examined, 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated at t=1,96. Statistical significance (critical value 0,05) of differences in the proportion of professional incompetence was estimated by χ² criteria.

RESULTS. The frequency of professional incompetence among ACSC employees was 5,4‰ (95% CI 4,9 - 5,8‰). The maximum value of the indicator was observed in workers of “Zigh” Shipyard (8,2‰; 95% CI 6,5 - 10,0‰), basic services of ACSC did not differ significantly from each other in the frequency of professional incompetence cases. Professional incompetence was established among seamen (14,7‰), motormen (11,6‰), mechanics (6,0‰), boatswains (4,1‰), captains (4,3‰), mates (3,7‰), locksmiths (13,9‰) and painters (16,5‰). The comparison against these groups in frequency of professional incompetence refutes the valid null hypothesis (р=0,045).

DISCUSSION. The criteria for the professional suitability of seafarers in Azerbaijan are identical to those in the Russian Federation; the frequency of professional unfitness identified during periodic medical examinations of seafarers in the Sakhalin region was 9.0 ± 2.1 ‰ (2011–2016). The indicator in ACSC (5.4 ± 0.7 ‰) is noticeably lower, but the difference between these indicators is statistically insignificant. The nosological structure of the causes of professional unsuitability of seamen in the Sakhalin region and ACSC is similar: the share of diseases of the circulatory system is 55.5% and 60.4%, respectively, blood 5.5% and 5.7%, injuries 5.5% and 5.7% almost the same. The share of musculoskeletal diseases is 2 times less among the causes of professional incompetence in ACSC.

CONCLUSIONS. Significant risk factors of professional incompetence on health grounds are age (45 years) and work experience (20 years). The work of locksmiths, painters, seamen, motormen and mechanics compared to the work of captains, boatswain and mates creates significantly higher risks for pathology, provoking professional incompetence, the main causes of which are circulatory system diseases.
Ground-level ozone concentration and emergency conditions in patients with bronchial asthma on southern coast of Crimea: retrospective study
Authors: Evstafeva Elena V. , Lapchenko Vladimir A. , Dudchenko Leila Sh. , Belyaeva Svetlana N.
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the link of emergency conditions in patients with bronchial asthma to the ground-level ozone concentration in different seasons of the year on the southern coast of Crimea.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. Epidemiological study of frequency of visits concerning emergency conditions in patients with bronchial asthma in Yalta according to the ambulance station from April 2010 to March 2011; permanent recording of the ground-level ozone concentration at the background environmental monitoring station (BEMS) by the optical method using automatic gas analyzer APOA 370 (HORIBA). Analysis of the collated data dependence via the Spearman non-parametric correlation analysis.
RESULTS: Correlation analysis of daily, average monthly and seasonal data on ambulance call with regard to severe bronchial asthma and average daily, maximum, minimum ground-level concentration (GLC) during the astronomical year (April 2010- March 2011) has revealed single-type dependence in nature on the amplitude of ozone changes: statistically significant in November and at the level of trends – in September 2010 that does not provide a sufficient basis to talk about a negative ozone impact on the condition of patients with bronchial asthma on the territory of the southern coast of Crimea. The possible causes of the identified weak dependence are analyzed, though the daily average of ozone was typically higher than MPV (maximum permissible value) throughout the follow-up period, and in the summer – higher than MPV with 8-hour exposure.
DISCUSSION. However, considering data of numerous foreign studies on the quantification of ozone negative impact on the human body, it is necessary to analyze more long-term series of observations in view of related weather factors of the Southern coast of Crimea that can significantly modify response of the body to GLC. This will determine ozone levels along with other weather conditions, safe for patients with bronchial asthma, including those who undergo rehabilitation in sanatorium-resort institutions of Crimea.
Features of doctors training for navy in modern conditions: retrospective study
Authors: Luchnikov Eduard A. , Chernikov Oleg G. , Kupriyanov Sergey A. , Minaev Nikolay V. , Zakrevsky Yuri N.
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE. To study features and issues of preparing future doctors for the Navy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. There was analysis of reports on the results of the naval internship of cadets-trainees, undergoing practical training on surface ships and submarines, during the period of completing education in 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 school year in the Northern, Black-Sea and Baltic fleets. Report processing was carried out by the method of historical comparison, systemic and comparative analysis. There was a comparison of the preparation system for Navy doctors of the Russian Federation at different historical stages, economic component and level of medical specialists’ training.
RESULTS. It was found that surgical patients constitute more than 60 % of all cases of initial visits and 70 % of all evacuations on surface ships during the long voyage. Thus, surgical pathology is decisive in causes of morbidity and evacuation, being a limiting factor in medical support of the long voyage and requiring the organization of adequate qualified surgical aid directly on ships. Analysis of enhanced medical support on a ship long voyage in modern realities showed that with medical specialists it reaches almost 100 % as a consequence of staffing naval positions with specialists of the qualification “medical doctor”.
DISCUSSION. Due to the shortage of naval doctors with a surgical specialty, 5 options of the position substitution with “surgery” specialization were offered, based on the analysis of the system of training doctors for the Navy and in view of the changed regulatory framework in the preparation of medical specialists.
A qualitative investigation of some rational difference equations
Authors: El-Metwally H. , Alharthi M. T.
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we study some qualitative properties of the solutions for the following difference equation% \[ y_{n+1}=\frac{\alpha +\alpha _{0} y_{n}^{r}+\alpha _{1} y_{n-1}^{r}+\cdots+\alpha _{k} y_{n-k}^{r}}{\beta +\beta _{0} y_{n}^{r}+\beta _{1} y_{n-1}^{r}+\cdots+\beta _{k} y_{n-k}^{r}}% ,~~~~n\geq 0,\tag{I}\label{i} \] where \(r, \alpha , \alpha _{0}, \alpha _{1},\ldots, \alpha _{k}, \beta , \beta _{0}, \beta _{1},\ldots, \beta _{k}\in (0,\infty )\) and \(k \) is a non-negative integer number. We find the equilibrium points for the considered equation. Then classify these points in terms of local stability or not. We investigate the boundedness and the global stability of the solutions for the considered equation. Also, we study the existence of periodic solutions of Eq. (I).
A generalized viral immunological model in presence of adaptive immunity with lytic and non-lytic effects
Authors: El Karimi M. I. , Hattaf K. , Yousfi N.
Published: February 2024

This article develops a new mathematical model that describes the dynamics of viral infections in presence of adaptive immunity. The developed model accounts for the presence of a non-cytolytic cure and considers both cell-to-cell and virus-to-cell transmission modes, along with the lytic and non-lytic effects of both cellular and humoral immune responses. Moreover, the well-posedness of the model is demonstrated through the non-negativity and boundedness of its solutions. Also, five equilibriums are established and five threshold parameters are derived to ensure the global stability of these equilibria. Finally, the dynamics of the model have been shown through numerical illustrations using specific parameters related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Avances y desafíos en la regulación del software basado en Inteligencia Artificial como Dispositivo Médico
Authors: Chuco Aguilar Victoria Judith
Published: February 2024

El uso de la inteligencia artificial (IA) y el aprendizaje automático (AA) está generando una transformación significativa del sector sanitario en todo el mundo. Estas tecnologías están mejorando la eficiencia de los flujos de trabajo, aumentando la precisión de los diagnósticos y elevando la calidad del tratamiento de los pacientes. Sin embargo, también plantean retos complejos en su regulación. Este artículo examina la necesidad de cambios fundamentales en la forma en que se regula el software médico basado en IA y AA, teniendo el rol emprendido por la FDA. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para analizar el panorama actual del software médico que utiliza IA y AA y las implicancias que tiene en el uso de estas tecnologías. Se pone en relieve los retos clave en la regulación de la IA y el AA en el sector sanitario, que incluyen la necesidad de enfoques sistémicos y la importancia de la flexibilidad y la supervisión continua en la regulación. Se concluye que se debe considerar una perspectiva regulatoria sistémica, que evalúe los ecosistemas sanitarios en su conjunto, para abordar eficazmente los retos y complejidades asociados a estas tecnologías en la atención sanitaria. Este enfoque también ayudará a fomentar la confianza y el reconocimiento del potencial transformador de la IA y el AA en la asistencia sanitaria.
La filosofía como experiencia vital: Elementos socráticos, cínicos y estoicos
Authors: Caudillo Lozano Jonathan
Published: February 2024

El texto que sigue intenta regresar a la figura de Sócrates, y a algunos elementos cínicos y estoicos, con el objetivo de reflexionar sobre su cercanía, y la posibilidad que abren de repensar la manera en la que estamos en el mundo y nos relacionamos con nosotros mismos y con los otros en la inmanencia de la vida de todos los días. Para esta línea de pensamiento antiguo, la filosofía no es una práctica independiente de los derroteros de la cotidianidad sino una experiencia transformadora que constituye una manera concreta de vivir. Repensar estos elementos permiten también reflexionar sobre la manera en la que la práctica de la filosofía acontece en la actualidad.
La filosofía estoica como práctica espiritual para enfrentar la adversidad
Authors: González García Maharba Annel
Published: February 2024

l presente artículo nos presenta conceptos básicos de la filosofía estoica para enfrentar algunos problemas fundamentales que aquejan a los seres humanos a lo largo de su existencia, por ejemplo, el de la muerte. La autora explica cómo el discurso estoico implica una práctica existencial que finalmente prepara al filósofo estoico a recibir la adversidad como parte integrante de la vida.
Epicteto y la lámpara de Aladino: ¿Cómo desea conforme a la naturaleza?
Authors: Ramos Umaña Leonardo
Published: February 2024

Dada la importancia fundamental del deseo a la hora de alcanzar o no la eudaimo-nía, el propósito del presente escrito es explicar en qué consiste, según la filoso-fía estoica, el desear de manera correcta (p. ej. de manera que nos conduzca a la generación y conservación de nuestra felicidad), concretamente de cara a aque-llo que existe y sucede donde nuestra injerencia es nula o prácticamente nula. En respuesta a esto, explicaremos al lector la teoría del deseo reflejantey su relación directa con la piedad, virtud a la cual le dedicaremos cierto espacio por tratarse de algo bastante diferente de la piedad a la que nos hemos familiarizado gracias a la cultura judeocristiana.