bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migrações internacionais contemporâneas em Foz do Iguaçu (PR): o reflexo na saúde mental das mulheres migrantes
Authors: Thierssaint Sandrine , Mesquita Fabiane
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O fenômeno da migração acarreta uma série de impactos significativos na saúde, destacando-se a alta prevalência de transtornos mentais entre a população migrante, especialmente entre as mulheres em situação migratória. Objetivo: Analisar os reflexos das migrações internacionais na saúde mental das mulheres migrantes em Foz do Iguaçu (PR) e propor formulações de políticas públicas sensíveis a essa questão. Método: Trata-se de uma abordagem exploratória de natureza qualitativa, selecionada devido à carência de estudos na área de Políticas Públicas relacionadas ao tema em questão. O estudo consistiu na realização de dez entrevistas semiestruturadas individuais, conduzidas entre os meses de abril e maio de 2024. As entrevistas abordaram os seguintes tópicos: aspectos demográficos, biológicos, psicológicos e de violência de gênero, visando capturar uma compreensão holística das experiências das mulheres migrantes em relação à saúde mental. Resultado e Discussão: Os resultados revelaram uma variedade de desafios psicológicos enfrentados durante o processo migratório, incluindo ansiedade, dificuldades de adaptação cultural e social, violência verbal, emocional e assédio sexual. Apesar das dificuldades, algumas mulheres relataram experiências positivas associadas à migração. Conclusão: A escassez de estudos com foco específico nas mulheres migrantes sugere a necessidade de pesquisas adicionais. Com base nas respostas das entrevistadas, foram sugeridas formulações de políticas públicas para promover o apoio e o acesso equitativo aos serviços de saúde mental para mulheres migrantes. Para facilitar a compreensão do tema, o artigo foi dividido em quatro seções. Na primeira, apresenta-se a introdução, abordando a temática em questão. A segunda seção descreve o método utilizado. Na terceira seção, contextualizam-se as discussões e os resultados obtidos. Por fim, na quarta seção, são apresentadas as considerações finais.
Geochemistry of Shonkinites, Syenites, and Granites Associated With the Sulfide Queen Carbonatite Body, Mountain Pass, California
Authors: Crow Henry Clay
Published: August 2024

Shonkinite, syenite, and granite at Mountain Pass, California, differ from typical alkalic rocks associated with carbonatites in other areas by being saturated to oversaturated in silica rather than undersaturated, displaying strong light rare-earth element (LREE) enrichment, and by being enriched in K rather than in Na (by later fenitization?). New major and REE data suggest that the shonkinite and syenite are probably comagmatic and related by crystal fractionation. The granite, however, is spatially, but not genetically related to either the syenite or shonkinite.

Shonkinite is characterized by high total REE abundances (REE = 715-1214 ppm) and high Ce/YbN (22–37). Syenite has similar REE contents (REE = 900 ppm, Ce/YbN = 24), but has lower CaO, P2O5, MgO, TiO2, Ba, and Cr, and higher Al2O3, FeO, Hf, Zr, and Ta concentrations than shonkinite. This elemental distribution can be explained by mineralogic differences due to crystal fractionation. Granite is lower in total REE (REE = 397–488 ppm), but shows greater LREE enrichment (Ce/YbN = 37–50). The lack of a Euanomaly suggests that feldspar fractionation was not important in the formation of the granites. The following petrogenetic model is proposed: (1) generation of shonkinite liquid by 1% partial melting of a REE enriched mantle (garnet peridotite), (2) 20% crystal fractionation of the shonkinite to produce syenite, and (3) generation of an alkali-granite liquid by the partial melting of garnet pyroxenite in the upper mantle.
Massive Sulfide Deposits at Bagdad, Arizona
Authors: Connelly Thomas J. , Conway Clay M.
Published: August 2024

The Old Dick and Bruce massive sulfide deposits are hosted by a 3-km-thick Lower Proterozoic bimodal submarine volcanic sequence. Both deposits are at the contact between metabasalt flows and metamorphosed volcaniclastic strata of the Bridle Formation and overlying massive quartz porphyry of the Dick Rhyolite. Mixed metavolcanic and metamorphosed volcaniclastic rocks that may be part of the Butte Falls Tuff or Hillside Mica Schist overlie the Dick Rhyolite. Diverse, widespread, and locally intense hydrothermal premetamorphic alteration is spatially associated with massive sulfide mineralization is noted in both the Bridle Formation and in the Dick Rhyolite. Alteration patterns and chert suggest that hydrothermal activity was simultaneous with deposition of massive sulfide minerals and emplacement of the Bridle Formation. The recurrent, long-lived hydrothermal activity was probably driven by heat from synvolcanic mafic and felsic hypabyssal sills intruding the Bridle Formation. The delineation of previously unmapped hydrothermal alteration patterns stratigraphically beneath the Old Dick and Bruce deposits suggests a recurrent, metal-rich exhalative system that could be mineralized at different stratigraphic levels.
Genetic Model for the Leadville District
Authors: Thompson Tommy B.
Published: August 2024

The world-class leadville district was discovered in 1859 and is still producing ore from the Black Cloud mine, a relatively new operation begun in 1971 (see Smith, 1988: this volume, for history of the mine) and from the Diamond mine. District cumulative production through 1987 is approximately 26.2 million short tons (23.8 million metric tons) of ore from veins and dolomite-hosted massive sulfide replacement deposits. Placer gold and oxidized replacement orehodles provided much, of the early district production (Emmons et al., 1927), but the unoxidized orebcdies found further down-dip provide the unambiguous exposures for understanding the district ore deposits. Leadville is of historical significance, also, as the U.S. Geological Survey in one of its first actions assigned S.F. Emmons the responsibility of detailed investigations of the district, culminating in U.S. Geological Survey Monograph 12 (1886). Several additional publications updated his continuing studies in the district (Emmons and Irving, 1907: Emmons et al., 1927).
The Pilot Knob Hematite Deposit (Field Trip Stop No. 2)
Authors: Seeger Cheryl M. , Marikos Mark Alan , Nuelle Laurence M.
Published: August 2024

The Pilot Knob surface hematite deposit, part of the Southeast Missouri Iron Province, is in the St. Francois Mountains near the structural apex of the Ozark uplift. Pilot Knob is located approximately 1 mi N of Ironton and 1 mi E of the village of Pilot Knob in the S 1/2 sec. 29, T. 34 N., R. 4 E., Ironton and Lake Killarney 7 1/2 minute quadrangles (see Fig. 1, Kisvarsanyi and Kisvarsanyi, this volume).
Alteration and Mineralization of the Einstein Vein Silver Mine District, Missouri
Authors: Lowell Gary R. , Hagni Richard D.
Published: August 2024

The Sn-W-Ag-bearing veins of the Silver Mine district are members of the classic subvolcanic “greisen association” exemplified by the famous Sn-W deposits of Nigeria, Cornwall, and northern Portugal. The geochemical and mineralogical character of the veins, unique among midcontinent ore deposits, was first recognized and described over a century ago by Haworth (1888). Since then, they have attracted the attention of scores of geologists and are the subject of a considerable number of publications and theses. The older literature is reviewed by Lowell (1975).
The Magmont-West Lead-Zinc-Copper Mine (Cominco American Incorporated - Dresser Minerals) Viburnum Trend, Southeast Missouri
Authors: Bradley Milton F. , Krolak Thomas E.
Published: August 2024

The Magmont-West mine area is located in southeastern Missouri approximately 90 miles southwest of St. Louis along the western edge of the Viburnum Trend or New Lead Belt.

During a Precambrian copper-iron exploration program which was begun in 1956 by American Zinc Company, lead-zinc mineralization was encountered in the Upper Cambrian Bonneterre Formation. Subsequent to a 1973 evaluation, which showed that the Precambrian copper-iron mineralization delineated in the West Dome area was uneconomical, emphasis was shifted to exploring for Pb-Zn mineralization in the Bonneterre Formation in the southeastern and south-central portion of the project area.
Field Trip to the Upper Cambrian Lamotte, Bonneterre, and Davis Formations, St. Francois Mts. Area, Missouri
Authors: Gerdemann Paul E. , Gregg Jay M.
Published: August 2024

This field trip was prepared using notes on extensive field studies conducted in the St. Francois Mountains region, by the senior author and others. These studies were part of exploration activities undertaken by St. Joe Minerals Corporation, during the 1950s, that eventually led to discovery of the Viburnum Trend lead-zinc district. The trip will serve to introduce geologists to many aspects of the sedimentology and economic geology of the St. Francois Mountains region.

Although the trip is designed to occupy a full day, two days will allow a more leisurely pace, and several other points of geological interest, shown on the field trip map (Fig. 1), may be visited (e.g., Silver Mines Forest Service Campground and Elephant Rocks State Park).
Day 1
Authors: Tosdal R.M. , Willis G.F. , Manske S.L. , Lang D. , Lusk M.
Published: August 2024

The Mesquite Mining District lies on the southern piedmont flanks of the Chocolate Mountains in southeastemmost California, some 60 km east of the Salton Sea and about 50 km northwest of Yuma, Arizona (Fig. 1). This range is part of the eastern margin of the Salton Trough, the locus of active faulting along the modem San Andreas fault system (Crowell, 1979) and the locale for this field trip (Fig. 1). Inactive strands of the Neogene San Andreas fault system cut the Chocolate Mountains (Dillon, 1976; Crowell, 1979).

Production from the Mesquite Mining district began in 1985 and is now one of the largest producers of gold in California (B umett, 1990). Announced economic reserves (Gold Fields Operating Co., 1990) are 93.7 million short tons at an average grade of 0.033 troy ounces per short ton. The Oligocene gold orebodies that constitute the mining district formed in an epithermal environment and are hosted by gneiss and granite of Mesozoic age (see below). This part of the field trip examines the setting of epithermal gold mineralization in the mining district. The structural control on the orebodies is the primary focus of the field trip and we will examine some of the evidence supporting the interpretation of a dextral strike-slip control on the mineralization (Willis and others, 1987, 1989; Manske and Einaudi, 1989). Another structural model links the formation of the gold orebodies to Tertiary extensional deformation and related detachment faulting (Drobeck and)
Relation of Hot-Spring Gold Mineralization to Silica-Carbonate Mercury Mineralization in the Coast Ranges, California
Authors: Pickthdrn William J.
Published: August 2024

The discovery of the McLaughlin hot-spring type gold deposit in the old Knoxville mercury district sparked considerable interest and research into the origin and relation of mercury and epithermal gold mineralization in the California Coast Ranges Province. Silica-carbonate mercury mineralization occurs throughout the Coast Ranges, from Santa Barbara County in the south to Lake and Colusa counties in the north (Fig. 1). Since their discovery in the mid 1800’s California’s Coast Ranges mercury deposits have produced over 50% of the total production for the United States, and two of the mines, the New Almaden mine in Santa Clara County and the New Idria mine in San Benito County, rank as the fifth and sixth largest producing deposits in the world respectively (Bailey and others 1973). Prior to the discovery of the McLaughlin gold deposit in 1978, lode gold production from the Coast Ranges was very minor with an estimated total of about $750,000, with two thirds of this production from the Palisade and Silverado mines in the Calistoga silver-gold district (Clark, 1976). Notable quantities of lode gold have been produced from only two other areas; the Los Burros district in south western Monterey County where mesothermal gold-bearing quartz veins occur in Franciscan Complex rocks; and, from the Knoxville and Sulfur Creek mercury mining districts where gold was produced as a byproduct. The McLaughlin and Cherry Hill epithermal gold deposits (Fig. 1) were subsequently discovered in the Knoxville and Sulfur Creek mining districts respectively. Current reserves at the McLaughlin mine are
The Sonoma Volcanic Field and Associated Gold and Mercury Deposits
Authors: Rytuba James J. , Enderlin Dean A. , McLaughlin Robert
Published: August 2024

This tour begins at the Red Lion Hotel in Santa Rosa and ends in Healdsburg. Load into vans at the Red Lion Hotel parking lot. The road log begins at the Mark West-River Road exit from Highway 101, about 10.5 to the north of the Red Lion Hotel. The route for the trip is shown in Figure 1.
Gold and Mercury Deposits in the Sulphur Creek Mining District, California
Authors: Nelson Gordon C. , Rytuba James J. , McLaughlin Robert M. , Tosdal R. M.
Published: August 2024

Within the central part of the Sulphur Creek Mining District six epithermal gold-mercury deposits have been mined, the West End, Central, Cherry Hill, Empire, Manzanita, and Wide Awake (Fig. 1). The mining district also includes the Abbott, Elgin and Rathburn mercury deposits and several hot springs that are depositing gold and cinnabar. The association of gold and mercury in the district was recognized early and gold was mined at the Cherry Hill and the Manzanita Mercury Mine from 1865 to 1891 with total production being about 3,000 oz of Au (Whitney, 1865, and Bradley, 1916). Whitney (1865) describes cobbles of cinnabar from the Sulphur Creek Mining District containing plumes of gold distributed through out the cinnabar. Fine placer gold is also present in drainages within the Sulphur Creek district, but has not been mined. Total mercury production from the district has been about 33,000 flasks, primarily from the Abbott mine. The Wide Awake mine was reported to have reserves of 24,000 flasks in 1899 and substantial unreported production may have come from this mine. In 1977, Homestake Mining Co. delineated a small gold deposit in the area of the Cherry Hill, West End, and Wide Awake Mines. The mineralization extends under the Sulphur Creek valley which separates these mines. Although numerous high-grade gold veins are present, typically greater than 0.3 oz of Au with multiple oz assays common, the veins are widely spaced and the deposit is presently uneconomic.
Geology and Related Studies at the Gold Quarry Deposit, Nevada
Authors: Rota Joseph C.
Published: August 2024

In excess of 170,000 kg (5.5 million troy ounces) of gold have been produced to date from the Gold Quarry epithermal, sediment-hosted gold deposit. Large, high to low-angle structures originally localized over 348 Mmt (387 Mst) of economic gold ores hosted in upper Devonian to Ordovician mixed carbonate and siliciclastic marine sediments. Recent research involving detailed analysis of digital structural data, petrography, fluid inclusion studies and isotopic analysis are supportive of previous mine-scale studies that document three or more possible mineralization events and multiple, overlapping alteration suites.
Geology of the Ridgeway Gold Deposits, Ridgeway, South Carolina
Authors: Gillon Kenneth A. , Spence William H. , Duckett Roy P. , Benson Christopher J.
Published: August 2024

Kennecott Minerals Company (KMC) operates a 15,000-ton-per-day open-pit gold mine located approximately 5 miles east of the town of Ridgeway, and 25 miles north of Columbia, South Carolina (Figure 1). The Ridgeway gold mine is one of four gold mines which were put in production in South Carolina in the 1980’s. It is currently the only operating gold mine in the Eastern United States.

The Ridgeway mine produces gold bullion from two bulk-mineable, open-pit deposits located one mile apart. Low-grade oxide and sulfide ore produced from the siliceous deposits is blasted and hauled to a central mill complex. Ore is milled to minus 200 mesh, and gold is extracted by a carbon-in-pulp, electrowinning process. The mine operates 24 hours a day, and employs over 100 people. The mine began producing gold in December 1988 and total developed in order to achieve an ultimate production goal of 1.5 million ounces of gold bullion by the year 2000. The North Pit is 2,000 feet long, 1,400 feet wide, and 320 feet deep. The South Pit is 2,600 feet long, 1,500 feet wide, and 360 feet deep. The South Pit is being mined at full scale, and is expected to be mined out by June 1996. Activity in the North Pit is currently focused on the stripping of oxide ore and waste at the 420-440 level along the northern half of the pit. Future development plans for the North Pit include deepening the pit from the 120 elevation to -40 elevation. This paper
Pb and Sr Isotopic Mapping of Crustal Structure in the Northern Great Basin
Authors: Wooden J.L. , Tosdal R.M. , Kistler R.W.
Published: August 2024

Two subparallel NNW-to NW-trending mineral belts in Nevada, the Battle Mountain-Eureka trend on the SW and the Carlin trend on the NE, are thought to reflect deep-seated, pre-Cenozoic crustal structures. These structures may be pre-Cenozoic faults, Mesozoic and/or Paleozoic fold axes, or uncertain features of the Precambian basement. Both geophysical and geochemical/isotopic studies can be used to complement field based geologic studies of these features. Geophysical studies measure time-integrated physical parameters and attempt to distinguish younger from older features. Isotopie studies have the advantage of investigating time-related features by comparing the isotopie compositions of rocks formed at different times during the geologic history of a region for systematic or significant changes or lack there of. The isotopie signatures of igneous rocks largely reflect the average characteristics of their source regions plus any later interaction with the crustal column through which they moved or into which they were emplaced, and in general reflect lower and middle crustal features. Kistler and Peterman (1973, 1978) and Kistler (1983, 1991) demonstrated that the distribution of Sr isotopie compositions of granitoid rocks in the northern Great Basin delineate crustal structure, particularly the location of the continental-oceanic crustal boundary as marked by the Isr = 0.706 line. Ellison et al. (1990) showed that the Isr=0.706 Ime is correlated with Paleozoic stratigraphy. Farmer and DePaolo (1983, 1984) used combined Nd and Sr isotopie compositions of Great Basin granitoids to study the pedogenesis of these rocks and regional crustal structure; however, these pioneering studies are limited by the
Preliminary Facies Analysis of Devonian Autochthonous Rocks that Host Gold Along the Carlin Trend, Nevada
Authors: Armstrong Augustus K. , Theodore Ted G. , Kotlyar Boris B. , Lauha Eric G. , Griffin Gregory L. , Lorge David L. , Abbott Earl W.
Published: August 2024

Sedimentary platformal rocks in northern Nevada serve as hosts for the bulk of the gold introduced into Carlin-type gold deposits (Roberts, 1966; Arehart et al, 1993a; Christensen, 1996), and these deposits largely account for this region comprising the most significant gold province in North America. In 1997, approximately 7 MM oz Au will be produced from the province, which amounts to approximately 64 percent of United States and 9 percent of world production (Nevada Mining Association Newsletter, 1996, http://www.nevadamining.org/econ_overview_95.html). Production since 1965 from the Carlin trend of deposits, a 40-mile-long string of mineralized centers, totals approximately 21 MM oz Au (Christensen, 1996). The most prolific part of the Carlin trend is its northern half which extends from the Gold Quarry Mine on the south to the Dee Mine on the north (Fig. 1). Although sedimentary rocks constitute a fundamental element of the genetic model for Carlin-type deposits (Cox and Singer, 1986), the implications and impacts of Paleozoic sedimentary fabrics and diagenetic processes on the genesis of these deposits have not been investigated as thoroughly as have the types of associated alteration, chemistry of the mineralizing fluids, and structural setting(s) of the deposits. The purpose of this report is to present a facies analysis of those autochthonous Devonian rocks that are the principal hosts for gold in the northern part of the Carlin trend (Fig. 2), and to suggest that some essential attributes derived from the sedimentary environments of these rocks contributed significantly to their becoming the premier gold hosts that
Mineralogy and Paragenesis of Ore Stage Mineralization in the Betze Gold Deposit, Goldstrike Mine, Eureka County, Nevada
Authors: Ferdock G.C. , Castor S.B. , Leonardson R.W. , Collins T.
Published: August 2024

The Betze gold deposit in the Goldstrike Mine, north-central Carlin Trend, Eureka County, Nevada, is the largest known, sedimentary rock-hosted, disseminated gold deposit containing 32 million ounces of gold (Leonardson and Rahn, 1996)(Fig.1). The paragenesis of hydrothermal mineralization characterizes the nature of gold mineralization in the deposit. This paper describes stages of gold ore mineralization determined from hand specimen and thin section petrology, XRD analysis and SEM studies; mineral formulae reported are those from Frondel (1962) and may not be exact. The stages result from a poly-phase, mineralizing event that has determined the conditions under which gold was precipitated.

Previous studies of paragenesis and associated hydrothermal minerals of Carlin-type deposits were conducted by Arehart et al. (1993a), Bakken and Einaudi (1986), Kuehn and Rose (1992), Peters (1996) and Peters et al. (1997) who determined relative paragenesis of mineralization in a general one or two stage hydrothermal event. Our investigations suggest that three stages of hydrothermal mineral development are associated with gold ore mineralization in the Betzedeposit: Stage I: Early (pre-primary gold deposition); Stage II: Main (primary gold deposition), and Stage III: Late (post-primary gold deposition). Pre-gold stage mineralization events include diagenesis of the sediments and metasomatic processes associated with the intrusion of the dioritic Goldstrike stock. Hydrothermal minerals associated with an individual stage generally are limited to each stage; however, overlap of the major gangue minerals, such as quartz, illite, and sericite (Fig. 2) is common. Some mineralogical overlap between stages is due to cycling of circulating fluid that
Role of Sulfidation in Deposition of Gold, Twin Creeks Sediment-Hosted Micron Gold Deposit, Nevada
Authors: Stenger David P. , Kesler Stephen E. , Fortuna John , Peltonen Dean R.
Published: August 2024

Despite important advances in our understanding of sediment-hosted micron gold deposits, debate continues over the processes that deposited their gold. Possible processes include cooling or boiling of the ore fluid, dilution, oxidation or other changes caused by mixing two fluids, or wallrock reactions such as carbonate dissolution and sulfidation. Several recent studies have called attention to the role of sulfidation in deposition of SHMG ores. At Jerritt Canyon, support for fluid mixing and sulfidation was provided by the relation between δ18O values and gold grades in ore-stage jasperoids (Northrop et al, 1987) and chemical reaction-path modeling of ore and alteration mineralogy (Hofstra et al, 1991). At Carlin, studies of fluid inclusions by Kuehn and Rose (1995) suggested that mineralization accompanied by sulfidation took place when an acidic, CO2-rich, mineralizing fluid mixed with cooler, gas-poor meteoric(?) water as it underwent episodic leakage from a deep overpressured reservoir.

The best way to assess the role of sulfidation in SHMG deposits is through comparison of the abundance and distribution of elements at the scale of a deposit. We report here the results of comparisons of this type based on a database comprised of 20-foot composite samples from hundreds of drillholes at Twin Creeks, all of which were analyzed for Au, Fe, S (total and reduced) and other elements of interest and labeled according to rock type and degree of oxidation. From the standpoint of chemical compositions, one of the most important differences among the depositional mechanisms listed above is the degree to which
Sequence of Deformational Events and the Recognition of Eocene(?) Deformation in the Alligator Ridge Area, East-central Nevada
Authors: Nutt Constance J.
Published: August 2024

The Alligator Ridge district hosts disseminated gold deposits (Alligator Ridge, Yankee deposits) in Mississippian and Devonian clastic and carbonate rocks. The deposits are about 70 miles (113 km) northwest of Ely, Nevada, along the southern projection of the Carlin trend (Fig. 1), and east of the Roberts Mountain thrust. The area is underlain by lower-plate Paleozoic miogeoclinal carbonate and clastic rocks, Eocene(?) sedimentary rocks; and Oligocene and younger volcanic rocks. Jurassic plutonic rocks are exposed to the north at Bald Mountain (Hitchbom et a/., 1996) (Fig. 2). Hitchbom eta/. (1996) propose that at Bald Mountain tungsten, molybdenum, zinc, and precious metal deposits, including disseminated gold, are associated with the Jurassic pluton and are Jurassic in age, and that Alligator Ridge and Yankee are related distal deposits.

The well-exposed Alligator Ridge area is ideal for unraveling the geologic history of ea.stem-facies rocks, and, in particular, documenting Mesozoic and Tertiary deformation and their controls on ore. An improved understanding of the tectonic history in the Alligator Ridge district may also help to identify Mesozoic and Tertiary structures in the Carlin trend which is underlain by eastern- and western-facies rocks that were deformed during the late Devonian-early Mississippian Antler and late Permian Sonoma orogenies, as well as during the Mesozoic and Tertiary tectonic events. Previously published geologic maps have depicted the Alligator Ridge-Bald Mountain area as a relatively undeformed uplift between the isoclinally folded and thrusted Diamond Mountains on the west side of Newark Valley and the broad syncline comprising the Butte Mountains
Summary of the Geology of the Bingham District, Utah
Authors: Babcock Russell C. , Ballantyne Geoffrey H. , Phillips Charles H.
Published: August 2024

The Bingham District is a large polymetallic mining district centered on an Eocene porphyry copper deposit 20 miles southwest of Salt Lake City, Utah. Since its discovery in 1863 the district has at various times been a silver-lead, gold, lead-zinc-silver, and copper-gold-molybdenum district.

The Bingham District is located in a zone of overlap between the Basin and Range extensional terrain and the Cordilleran fold and thrust belt. Permian quartzites and limestones were folded and thrust-faulted during several Mesozoic orogenies and then intruded by 39.8 to 37.5 Ma calcalkaline monzonite, quartz monzonite, and quartz latite. Volcanic breccias and flows petrochemically similar to the intrusions were erupted from centers close to the deposit from 39 to 33 Ma.

The Bingham Porphyry Copper Deposit exhibits the concentric alteration and mineralization zoning characteristic of many porphyry deposits. However, the deposit is notable for the magnitude and intensity of the various kinds of mineralization present:It is one of the largest copper deposits in the world with pre-mining reserves of almost 3 billion tons of 0.67 percent copper ore.Nested within the copper orebody are overlapping zones of molybdenum, gold, and silver mineralization that mimic the shape of the copper deposit and contain greater than 0.1 percent MoS2, 0.01 ounces per ton gold, and 0.5 ounces per ton silver respectively.Major copper-gold skarn deposits flank the copper orebody on two sides. They include the Carr Fork Deposit (61 million tons of 1.90 percent copper, 0.01 ounces per ton gold, and 0.31 ounces per ton silver) and the North Ore Shoot Deposit (82 million tons of 2.81 percent copper, 0.05 ounces per ton gold, and 1.57 ounces per ton silver).Vein and replacement lead-zinc-silver deposits located in a halo around the porphyry and skarn deposits have produced 28 million tons at an average grade of 8.6 percent lead, 6.6 percent zinc, 5.0 ounces per ton silver, and 0.039 ounces per ton gold.

The Barneys Canyon and Melco Deposits located five miles north of the porphyry copper deposit have combined pre-mining reserves of 19 million tons at a grade of 0.05 ounces per ton gold. They are sediment-hosted gold deposits characterized by sub-micron sized disseminated gold mineralization, an arsenic-antimony-barium-mercury-thallium geochemical signature, low silver and base metal contents, and an almost complete absence of quartz veining. The deposits lie at the outer edge of an extensive arsenic-gold geochemical halo about the Bingham Porphyry Copper Deposit, but chronological and genetic relationships to the porphyry deposit have not been clearly established.
Quaternary Gold Mineralization and Its Geologic Environments in Kyushu, Japan
Authors: Izawa Elji , Urashima Yukitoshi
Published: August 2024

The late Cenozoic volcanic activity in Kyushu is characterized by large-scale volcano-tectonic depressions. The sites of these depressions together with associated volcanism and gold mineralization migrated southeastward in northern Kyushu and eastward in southern Kyushu. Thus, Quaternary gold deposits in Kyushu occur within 30 km west from the present volcanic front; the Pliocene gold deposits occur farther away from the active volcanoes.

Typical Quaternary gold mineralization in Kyushu is the quartz vein type with associated adularia and minor calcite. Although host rocks are predominantly andesitic volcanic rocks and sometimes rhyolite and lacustrine sediments, the major portion of high-grade quartz veins of the Hishikari deposit discussed here is hosted in basement sedimentary rocks close to the unconformity between the basement and overlying Quaternary andesites. Five distinct alteration types are recognizable on the basis of mineral assemblages for Quaternary gold deposits. Two are the deeper propylitic alteration and the shallower smectite-zeolite alteration of the widespread and temperature-controlled type; the rest are mica-chlorite alteration, argillic alteration, and silicification of the fracture-controlled type.

Most Quaternary and some Pliocene gold deposits in Kyushu are located near small Bouguer anomaly highs in areas of regional gravity anomaly lows. In the case of the youngest deposits the gravity anomaly highs are overlapped by low electrical resistivities. The small gravity anomaly highs have been ascribed to underlying uplifted blocks of basement. The low resistivity anomalies are caused by the presence of argillic alteration of the shallow portion of the mineralized systems.
Epithermal Gold Exploration in the Iriki District, Kagoshima, Japan
Authors: Hayashi Toshihiko , Taguchi Sachihiro
Published: August 2024

The Iriki district was chosen by the Metal Mining Agency of Japan (MMAJ) as a target for epithermal gold exploration on the basis of the following criteria: the presence of steam-heated acid alteration, a gravity anomaly high, geochemical characteristics of hot spring water similar to those of water from the Hishikari gold deposit, and old mining activity. In 1994 and 1995 the MMAJ carried out exploration that included alteration mapping, geochemical and geophysical surveys, and diamond drilling. of note, several drill holes intersected gold mineralization returning approximately 6 g/t Au at more than 4 m beneath the steam-heated acid alteration.

On the basis of the sulfide assemblage, mineralization in the Iriki district is not typically high sulfida- tion, as alteration assemblages and the presence of arsenopyrite may suggest, but is more akin to the intermediate-sulfidation style described by Hedenquist et al. (2000 and 2001). The characteristics of the mineralization in the Iriki district are concordant with the magmatic characteristics of hot springs from the Iriki and with the presence of young host volcanic rocks in the Iriki district.
Field Stops
Authors: Kobayashi Tetsuo
Published: August 2024

The first part of the excursion is mainly concentrated on the western lava field of the 1914 eruption, which was the latest big eruption in historic time. The surface texture of the lava field is quite variable, from typical block lava to a broken pyroclastic flow. The route follows along the southern coast of Sakurajima to the second stop, which is a good vantage point from which to observe the lava flows of 1914 and 1946. Should our visit coincide with an active period, we will experience a shower of volcanic ash. upon passing through the road junction between Sakurajima and osumi Peninsula, the route turns northward. From stop 5-3 we can look at the different features of two volcanic edifices, Kitadake and Minamidake. At stop 5-4 we will see the buried “Torii,” a shrine “gate.” After that the route follows along the coast counterclockwise to the starting point. Along the way, we will be able to see new islands that appeared during An-ei eruption (1779-1781), the steep wall of Aira caldera, and Kirishima volcanoes far off to the north (see Day 5 route map).

Driving distance, 49.2 km; driving time, 3.0 hours (including stops); starting time, 8:00 am; assembly point, entrance of the hotel; leader, Tetsuo Kobayashi.
PENGARUH PERPUTARAN PIUTANG, PERPUTARAN KAS DAN PERPUTARAN PERSEDIAAN TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN PADA SUB SEKTOR INDUSTRI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERDAFTAR DIBURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) TAHUN 2019-2021
Authors: Waidan Henry , Ukur Malem , Roland Daniel , Sebastian Balthasar
Published: August 2024

Profitabilitas perusahaan banyak dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor keuangan yang menentukan. Faktor- faktor keuangan dapat diukur menggunakan rasio-rasio keuangan antara lain Return On Assets (ROA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh struktur modal yang dipilih yaitu perputaran piutang, perputaran kas, dan perputaran persediaan terhadap profitabilitas yang diukur menggunakan rasio ROA. Sampel penelitian yang diambil adalah Perusahaan Sub Sektor Industri Makanan dan Minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode tahun 2019-2021. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan diuji menggunakan metode analisis regresi berganda. Berdasarkan Hasil Uji t, Perputaran Kas tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap profitabilitas dengan nilai signifikan yang diperoleh sebesar 0.121 > 0.05, perputaran piutang memiliki pengaruh negatif yang signifikan terhadap profitabilitas dengan nilai yang diperoleh sebesar 0.011< 0.05, sedangkan perputaran persediaan memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan. Hasil uji F menunjukkan bahwa secara bersama-sama perputaran kas, perputaran piutang dan perputaran persediaan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap profitabilitas dengan nilai yang diperoleh sebesar 0.000 < 0.05. Hasil Uji Koefisien Determinasi menunjukkan bahwa Perputaran Kas, Perputaran Piutang dan Perputaran Persediaan dalam mempengaruhi profitabilitas (ROA) adalah sebesar 42% dan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain yang tidak digunakan dalam model regresi penelitian ini
SISTEM AUDIT MUTU INTERNAL POLITEKNIK ENJINERING INDORAMA
Authors: Musawarman Musawarman , Ricak Agus Ricak Agus , Winarni Ade
Published: August 2024

Implementasi Sistem Penjaminan Mutu Internal(SPMI) di perguruan tinggi sering menemui masalah, diantaranya kesadaran para pelaku proses pendidikan terhadap arti penting penjaminan mutu sebagai kebutuhan stakeholders relatif masih rendah, pemahaman konsep sistem penjaminan mutu pendidikan oleh sivitas akademika untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan masih belum merata, komitmen para pelaku proses pendidikan tinggi di perguruan tinggi, baik yang memimpin maupun yang dipimpin untuk senantiasa menjamin dan meningkatkan mutu pendidikan yang relatif kurang. Maka dari itu SPMI di perguruan tinggi sangat penting dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi seluruh kinerja unit kerja yang apakah sudah memenuhi target yang ditentukan yaitu Penetapan, Pelaksanaan, Evaluasi, Pengendalian dan Peningkatan(PPEPP).
Metode penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adalah wawancara, wawancara ini memiliki tujuan untuk memperoleh data yang dibutuhkan oleh peneliti dalam pengembangan sistem informasi. Adapun peneliti menggunakan model pembangunan RAD (Rapid Application Development) dan model analisis serta perancangan sistem menggunakan Unified Model Language (UML). Unified Model Language (UML) mempermudah peneliti dalam pengembangan sistem dan mempermudah pengguna dalam memahami sistem yang akan dikembangkan.
Hasil dari penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah sebuah Sistem Audit Mutu Internal Politeknik Enjinering Indorama dengan menggunakan ASP.NET C# dan menggunakan RAD (Rapid Application Development). Aplikasi Sistem Audit Mutu Internal Politeknik Enjinering Indorama ini dapat digunakan untuk Audit Mutu Internal (AMI) dalam lingkup Politeknik Enjinering Indorama. Dengan adanya Sistem Audit Mutu Internal Politeknik Enjinering Indorama diharapkan dapat mempermudah audit dikarenakan Politeknik Enjinering Indorama melakukan audit masih menggunakan metode manual yaitu dengan cara kuesioner menggunakan kertas.
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, LEVERAGE, PROFITABILITAS DAN UMUR PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN MODAL INTELEKTUAL
Authors: Syarifudin Syahrul , Nuriah Sri , Yusuf Ayus Ahmad
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this Study was to analyze and obtain empirical facts about Firm Size, Leverage, Profitability an Firm Age. Teh population in this Study is the annual report and financial statements of the High-IC Intensive Industries Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2021 as many as 201 companies. The sampling technique use is purposive sampling. So that the sample in this study amounted to 68 companies as many as 340 observational data. The method used is descriptive and verification method with quantitative data. Data collection techniques using observations don't participate. The analysis technique used in this study is descriptive analysis, classic assumption test, panel data regression analysis, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing using the Eviews Ver. 9.0 application program. Hypothesis testing shows that Firm Size, Leverage, Probability and Firm Age jointly influence the Intellectual Capital Disclosure. Firm Size, Leverage and Probability partially has a significant positive effect on Intellectual Capital Disclosure. Firm Age partially has a significant negative effect on Intellectual Capital Disclosure.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PENERIMAAN PAJAK DAERAH SEBELUM DAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 SE-SUMATRA
Authors: Al Wafa Imtiyaz , Masnila Nelly , Antina Aryanti Yuli
Published: August 2024

The Covid-19  a pandemic emerged in late 2019 and has spread across the world, including Indonesia. The first case occurred in March 2020, resulting in a downturn in the economy and a decline in tax revenues in affected areas. The purpose of this study is to analyze the regional tax revenue comparison of various regions/cities in Sumatra, taking regions/cities as research samples. This study used a statistical test tool, the paired-samples t-test of SPSS application version 26. Such studies are comparative quantitative studies, using only samples from different treatments of the same study, i.e. before and during Covid -19 disease, compared to the epidemic. Using the target sample, the total population for the period 2018-2021 is 154 population, consisting of 11 local taxes, so the sample used is only 35 districts/cities in Sumatra. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in Regional Tax revenue before and during the Covid-19   Pandemic with details of 9 (nine) taxes affected and 2 (two) others not affected by the Covid-19   pandemic.
PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA DITINJAU DARI BERBAGI PENGETAHUAN, KEBAHAGIAAN KARYAWAN, DAN KETERLIBATAN KARYAWAN PADA PT. INDOMARCO
Authors: Bagus Nyoman Kusuma Putra  , Tiksnayana Vipraprastha  , I Gede Rihayana
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagi pengetahuan, kebahagiaan karyawan dan keterlibatan karyawan dalam meningkatkan produktivitas kerja karyawan PT. Indomarco. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah 362 karyawan. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah proportionate random sampling dengan menggunakan perhitungan rumus slovin yaitu sebanyak 78 responden. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah sumber data primer. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, kuesioner dan studi dokumentasi. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Berbagi Pengetahuan berpengaruh positif terhadap Produktivitas Kerja secara signifikan. Kebahagiaan Karyawan berpengaruh positif terhadap Produktivitas Kerja secara signifikan. Keterlibatan Karyawan berpengaruh positif terhadap Produktivitas Kerja secara signifikan. Model penelitian menggunakan empat (4) variabel dan penelitian dengan hasil terbaru yang berbeda dengan hasil penelitian terdahulu yang bisa dijadikan referensi bagi pimpinan perusahaan bahwa penting mengedepankan saling berbagi pengetahuan antar karyawan, memastikan kebahagiaan karyawan dalam bekerja serta selalu melibatkan para karyawan dalam kegiatan-kegiatan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kerja.
PERAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN SEBAGAI MEDIASI PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN EL RADNA SKINCARE CLINIC
Authors: Erma Widyastuti  , Al Ghazali Buya
Published: August 2024

Self-care has become a necessity and lifestyle for everyone, especially for women. The rapid development of beauty clinics requires companies in the beauty industry to understand the behavior of their consumers. The aim of this research is to explain the influence of service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty, as well as to elucidate the mediating role of customer satisfaction in the influence of service quality on customer loyalty. This study was conducted at El Radna Skincare Clinic. The sample in this study consisted of individuals who have used products from El Radna Skincare Clinic and have undergone some treatments at the clinic. The sampling method used was nonprobability examining. Data collection in this research employed a survey method with data collection techniques using questionnaires. Data were analyzed using path analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that service quality has a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction, service quality has a positive and significant influence on customer loyalty, customer satisfaction has a positive and significant influence on customer loyalty, and customer satisfaction significantly mediates the relationship between service quality and customer loyalty. The implications of this research include theoretical and practical implications.
Keywords: ·  Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Customer Loyalty
MENINGKATKAN MINAT KUNJUNG ULANG WISATAWAN MELALUI PENERAPAN EXPERIENTAL MARKETING PADA OBJEK WISATA BUATAN DI BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Pratisti Cahyani , Anggraini Anggraini , Wahyuningsih Yusminar
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Intention to revisit is an essential indicator for managers of tourist attractions, tourism activists, and tourism offices in a country. As we know, the income from the tourism sector is quite large for Indonesia and continues to grow. One kind of tourist attraction that could be develop is an artificial tourist attraction. One method to attract tourists that are widely developed is experiental marketing. This method was adopted in various provinces in Indonesia such as Bali, Bandung, and Yogyakarta, but unfortunately not yet in Lampung. This survey of 150 tourists used purposive sampling aims to see the effect of experiential marketing which included sense, feel, think, act, and related to the tourists' revisit intention in Lembah Hijau. Multiple regression and descriptive analysis showed that only thinking and relate affected tourists' revisit intentions. We found that with only a little research on experiential marketing in Indonesia, especially in Lampung Province, further development in terms of methods, analytical tools, and breadth of objects and subjects is widely open for the development of experiental marketing in the tourism sector of Indonesia and Lampung province of course.
Keywords: Re-visit Intention, Experiental Marketing, Artificial Tourist Attraction, Tourism.
The INFLUENCE OF REVENUE, OPERATIONAL COSTS, GROSS MARGIN, PROFITABILITY, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO (DER) ON CORPORATE INCOME TAX EXPENSES IN COAL MINING COMPANIES LISTED ON THE BEI ​​FOR THE 2019 - 2022 PERIOD
Authors: Tahir Febryansyah , Cusyana Silvi Reni Cusyana , Nurwati Nurwati
Published: August 2024

The international world in recent months has been shocked by a pandemic, namely an outbreak of a disease caused by a virus called corona or better known as Corona Virus Diseases-19 (Covid-19). The sector that was also affected by the outbreak of the pandemic in 2020 was the mining sector, one of which was coal mining. Sales volume is closely related to controlling operational costs, because operational costs show how the company generates its sales volume. Operating costs are a number of costs that must be incurred by a company to support the operations or activities carried out by the company. Gross profit margin is a ratio used to measure the amount of gross profit percentage on net sales. Profitability ratio is a ratio used to measure a company's ability to generate profits from its business activities. Good performance is aimed at generating maximum profits for the company through successful management. Debt to equity ratio is a type of leverage ratio. Debt to equity ratio is a ratio used to find out how much part of each rupiah of capital is used as debt collateral. In calculating income tax, profit is an important component that determines the size and size of the income tax burden. The tax rate is used as multiplication by taxable profit. The method used is quantitative descriptive. The object of this study is a Coal Mining Company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with 11 companies with the technical analysis used is multiple linear regression using the F test and the t test. The variables used in this study are the variables bound by Corporate Income Tax Burden (Y), the independent variables are Revenue (X1), Operating Costs (X2), Gross Margin (X3), Profitability (X4) and Debt to Equity Ratio (X5). The results of the study show that both simultaneously and partially the independent variables are Revenue, Operating Costs, Gross Margin, Profitability and Debt to Equity Ratio have an influence and significantly on the Corporate Income Tax Burden.