bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuromagnetic Beta-Band Oscillations during Motor Imitation in Youth with Autism
Authors: Buard I. , Kronberg E. , Steinmetz S. , Hepburn S. , Rojas D. C.
Published: July 2018

Children with ASD often exhibit early difficulties with action imitation, possibly due to low-level sensory or motor impairments. Impaired cortical rhythms have been demonstrated in adults with ASD during motor imitation. While those oscillations reflect an age-dependent process, they have not been fully investigated in youth with ASD. We collected magnetoencephalography data to examine patterns of oscillatory activity in the mu (8-13 Hz) and beta frequency (15-30 Hz) range in 14 adolescents with and 14 adolescents without ASD during a fine motor imitation task. Typically developing adolescents exhibited adult-like patterns of motor signals, e.g., event-related beta and mu desynchronization (ERD) before and during the movement and a postmovement beta rebound (PMBR) after the movement. In contrast, those with ASD exhibited stronger beta and mu-ERD and reduced PMBR. Behavioral performance was similar between groups despite differences in motor cortical oscillations. Finally, we observed age-related increases in PBMR and beta-ERD in the typically developing children, but this correlation was not present in the autism group. These results suggest reduced inhibitory drive in cortical rhythms in youth with autism during intact motor imitation. Furthermore, impairments in motor brain signals in autism may not be due to delayed brain development. In the context of the excitation-inhibition imbalance perspectives of autism, we offer new insights into altered organization of neurophysiological networks.
Mechanical Model for Shear Friction Capacity of Concrete at Construction Joints
Authors: Kwon Seung-Jun , Yang Keun-Hyeok , Mun Ju-Hyun
Published: July 2018

This study examined the reliability and limitations of code equations for determining the shear friction strength of a concrete interface with construction joints. This was achieved by examining the code equations (ACI 318‐14, AASHTO, and fib 2010) and comparing the results predicted by equations with experimental data compiled from 207 push‐off specimens (133 rough and 74 smooth construction joints). The integrated mechanical model for the monolithic interface, derived from the upper‐bound theorem of concrete plasticity, was also modified to estimate the shear friction strength of the construction joints. The upper limit for shear friction strength was formulated from a concrete crushing failure limit on the strut‐and‐tie action along the interfacial plane, to avoid overestimating the shear transfer capacity of transverse reinforcement with a high clamping force. Code equations are highly conservative and dispersive in predicting the shear friction strength of rough construction joints and yield large scattering in the data for the ratios between the measured and predicted shear friction strengths. The predictions obtained using the proposed model agreed well with test results, indicating correlating trends with the test results for evaluating the effects of various parameters on the shear friction strength of rough construction joints. According to the proposed model, the values of cohesion and coefficient of friction for concrete could be determined as 0.11 and 0.64, respectively, for smooth construction joints and 0.27 and 0.95, respectively, for rough construction joints, where is the compressive strength of concrete.
Enhancing Cooperative Coevolution with Selective Multiple Populations for Large‐Scale Global Optimization
Authors: Peng Xingguang , Wu Yapei
Published: July 2018

The cooperative coevolution (CC) algorithm features a “divide‐and‐conquer” problem‐solving process. This feature has great potential for large‐scale global optimization (LSGO) while inducing some inherent problems of CC if a problem is improperly decomposed. In this work, a novel CC named selective multiple population‐ (SMP‐) based CC (CC‐SMP) is proposed to enhance the cooperation of subproblems by addressing two challenges: finding informative collaborators whose fitness and diversity are qualified and adapting to the dynamic landscape. In particular, a CMA‐ES‐based multipopulation procedure is employed to identify local optima which are then shared as potential informative collaborators. A restart‐after‐stagnation procedure is incorporated to help the child populations adapt to the dynamic landscape. A biobjective selection is also incorporated to select qualified child populations according to the criteria of informative individuals (fitness and diversity). Only selected child populations are active in the next evolutionary cycle while the others are frozen to save computing resource. In the experimental study, the proposed CC‐SMP is compared to 7 state‐of‐the‐art CC algorithms on 20 benchmark functions with 1000 dimensionality. Statistical comparison results figure out significant superiority of the CC‐SMP. In addition, behavior of the SMP scheme and sensitivity to the cooperation frequency are also analyzed.
An SDN‐Based Connectivity Control System for Wi‐Fi Devices
Authors: Nguyen Duc-Thang , Kim Taehong
Published: July 2018

In recent years, the prevalence of Wi‐Fi‐enabled devices such as smartphones, smart appliances, and various sensors has increased. As most IoT devices lack a display or a keypad owing to their tiny size, it is difficult to set connectivity information such as service set identifier (SSID) and password without any help from external devices such as smartphones. Moreover, it is much more complex to apply advanced connectivity options such as SSID hiding, MAC ID filtering, and Wi‐Fi Protected Access (WPA) to these devices. Thus, we need a new Wi‐Fi network management system which not only facilitates client access operations but also provides a high‐level authentication procedure. In this paper, we introduce a remote connectivity control system for Wi‐Fi devices based on software‐defined networking (SDN) in a wireless environment. The main contributions of the proposed system are twofold: (i) it enables network owner/administrator to manage and approve connection request from Wi‐Fi devices through remote services, which is essential for easy connection management across diverse IoT devices; (ii) it also allows fine‐grained access control at the device level through remote control. We describe the architecture of SDN‐based remote connectivity control of Wi‐Fi devices. While verifying the feasibility and performance of the proposed system, we discuss how the proposed system can benefit both service providers and users.
Adaptive Gradient‐Based Iterative Algorithm for Multivariable Controlled Autoregressive Moving Average Systems Using the Data Filtering Technique
Authors: Pan Jian , Ma Hao , Jiang Xiao , Ding Wenfang , Ding Feng
Published: July 2018

The identification problem of multivariable controlled autoregressive systems with measurement noise in the form of the moving average process is considered in this paper. The key is to filter the input–output data using the data filtering technique and to decompose the identification model into two subidentification models. By using the negative gradient search, an adaptive data filtering‐based gradient iterative (F‐GI) algorithm and an F‐GI with finite measurement data are proposed for identifying the parameters of multivariable controlled autoregressive moving average systems. In the numerical example, we illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed identification methods.
Investigation of the Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Blend Films Based on Hemicelluloses and Cellulose
Authors: Gao Hui , Rao Jun , Guan Ying , Li Wen-qi , Zhang Mao-chao , Shu Ting , Lv Zi-wen
Published: July 2018

This study presents an effective and convenient approach to prepare blend films with enhanced mechanical and thermodynamic properties by incorporation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) into quaternized hemicelluloses (QH). The structures and properties of films were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile testing, respectively. From the SEM pictures, tight, homogeneous, and smooth surfaces of films were obtained. In addition, the transparencies of the blend films were increased with the increasing of CMC content. The results of mechanical properties indicated that the blend film prepared from QH and CMC (1 : 2 m/m) had a tensile strength of 65.2 MPa. It suggested that the addition of CMC was contributed to mechanical properties by strong electrostatic interactions and the enhanced hydrogen bondings with QH. These results provide insights into the understanding of the structural relationships of bioblend films in coating and packaging application.
Phase I Trial of ALT-803, A Novel Recombinant IL15 Complex, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Margolin Kim , Morishima Chihiro , Velcheti Vamsidhar , Miller Jeffrey S. , Lee Sylvia M. , Silk Ann W. , Holtan Shernan G. , Lacroix Andreanne M. , Fling Steven P. , Kaiser Judith C. , Egan Jack O. , Jones Monica , Rhode Peter R. , Rock Amy D. , Cheever Martin A. , Wong Hing C. , Ernstoff Marc S.
Published: July 2018

Purpose: IL15 induces the activation and proliferation of natural killer (NK) and memory CD8+ T cells and has preclinical antitumor activity. Given the superior activity and favorable kinetics of ALT-803 (IL15N72D:IL15RαSu/IgG1 Fc complex) over recombinant human IL15 (rhIL15) in animal models, we performed this first-in-human phase I trial of ALT-803 in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Patients and Methods: Patients with incurable advanced melanoma, renal cell, non–small cell lung, and head and neck cancer were treated with ALT-803 0.3 to 6 μg/kg weekly intravenously or 6 to 20 μg/kg weekly subcutaneously for 4 consecutive weeks, every 6 weeks. Immune correlates included pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and lymphocyte expansion and function. Clinical endpoints were toxicity and antitumor activity.

Results: Twenty-four patients were enrolled; 11 received intravenous and 13 received subcutaneous ALT-803. Of these patients, nine had melanoma, six renal, three head and neck, and six lung cancer. Although total lymphocyte and CD8+ T-cell expansion were modest, NK cell numbers rose significantly. Neither anti–ALT-803 antibodies nor clinical activity were observed. Overall, ALT-803 was well tolerated, with adverse effects including fatigue and nausea most commonly with intravenous administration, whereas painful injection site wheal was reported most commonly with subcutaneous ALT-803.

Conclusions: Subcutaneous ALT-803 produced the expected NK cell expansion and was well tolerated with minimal cytokine toxicities and a strong local inflammatory reaction at injection sites in patients with advanced cancer. These data, together with compelling evidence of synergy in preclinical and clinical studies, provide the rationale for combining ALT-803 with other anticancer agents. Clin Cancer Res; 24(22); 5552–61. ©2018 AACR.
Cotargeting the Cell-Intrinsic and Microenvironment Pathways of Prostate Cancer by PI3Kα/β/δ Inhibitor BAY1082439
Authors: Zou Yongkang , Qi Zhi , Guo Weilong , Zhang Liuzhen , Ruscetti Marcus , Shenoy Tanu , Liu Ningshu , Wu Hong
Published: July 2018

Targeting the PI3K pathway is a promising strategy for treating prostate cancers with PTEN-loss. However, current anti-PI3K therapies fail to show long lasting in vivo effects. We find that not only the PI3Kα- and PI3kβ-isoforms, but also PI3Kδ, are associated with the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a critical process distinguishing indolent from aggressive prostate cancer. This suggests that cotargeting PI3Kα/β/δ could preempt the rebound activation of the parallel pathways induced by α- or β-isoform–selective inhibitor and prevent EMT. Indeed, BAY1082439, a new selective PI3Kα/β/δ inhibitor, is highly effective in vivo in inhibiting Pten-null prostate cancer growth and preventing EMT in the mutant Pten/Kras metastatic model. The anti-PI3Kδ property of BAY1082439 further blocks B-cell infiltration and lymphotoxin release, which are tumor microenvironment factors that promote castration-resistant growth. Together, our data suggest a new approach for the treatment of prostate cancer by targeting both tumor cells and tumor microenvironment with PI3Kα/β/δ inhibitor. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(10); 2091–9. ©2018 AACR.
SHP2 Inhibition Prevents Adaptive Resistance to MEK Inhibitors in Multiple Cancer Models
Authors: Fedele Carmine , Ran Hao , Diskin Brian , Wei Wei , Jen Jayu , Geer Mitchell J. , Araki Kiyomi , Ozerdem Ugur , Simeone Diane M. , Miller George , Neel Benjamin G. , Tang Kwan Ho
Published: July 2018

Adaptive resistance to MEK inhibitors (MEKi) typically occurs via induction of genes for different receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) and/or their ligands, even in tumors of the same histotype, making combination strategies challenging. SHP2 (PTPN11) is required for RAS/ERK pathway activation by most RTKs and might provide a common resistance node. We found that combining the SHP2 inhibitor SHP099 with a MEKi inhibited the proliferation of multiple cancer cell lines in vitro. PTPN11 knockdown/MEKi treatment had similar effects, whereas expressing SHP099 binding–defective PTPN11 mutants conferred resistance, demonstrating that SHP099 is on-target. SHP099/trametinib was highly efficacious in xenograft and/or genetically engineered models of KRAS-mutant pancreas, lung, and ovarian cancers and in wild-type RAS-expressing triple-negative breast cancer. SHP099 inhibited activation of KRAS mutants with residual GTPase activity, impeded SOS/RAS/MEK/ERK1/2 reactivation in response to MEKi, and blocked ERK1/2-dependent transcriptional programs. We conclude that SHP099/MEKi combinations could have therapeutic utility in multiple malignancies.

Significance: MEK inhibitors show limited efficacy as single agents, in part because of the rapid development of adaptive resistance. We find that SHP2/MEK inhibitor combinations prevent adaptive resistance in multiple cancer models expressing mutant and wild-type KRAS. Cancer Discov; 8(10); 1237–49. ©2018 AACR.

See related commentary by Torres-Ayuso and Brognard, p. 1210.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1195
Association between Higher Body Mass Index and Pouch-Related Complications during Restorative Proctocolectomy in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Horio Yuki , Uchino Motoi , Bando Toshihiro , Chohno Teruhiro , Takesue Yoshio , Ikeuchi Hiroki
Published: July 2018

Background/Aims: Higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications, but only a few studies have clarified the effect of higher BMI on perioperative outcomes in ulcerative colitis (UC). The ­purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of higher BMI on patients undergoing surgery for UC. Methods: UC patients who underwent surgery between April 2012 and August 2015 were included. Higher BMI was defined as a BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Patients were classified as having a higher BMI or an unelevated BMI. We analyzed comparison characteristics, surgical outcomes, and pouch-related complications (PRC). Possible risk factors for PRC were also analyzed. Results: A total of 16 out of 165 (9.7%) patients had higher BMIs. The incidence of PRC in patients with higher BMIs was significantly higher than in those with unelevated BMIs. Male gender (OR 3.86, 95% CI 1.23–15.4, p = 0.02) and BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (OR 5.87, 95% CI 1.59–21.67, p < 0.01) were identified as independent risk factors for PRC. Conclusion: UC patients with higher BMIs had significantly higher incidences of PRC. Male gender and a higher BMI were identified as independent risk factors for PRC. The pouch operation as an initial surgery may be avoided in patients with higher BMIs to prevent PRC.
Predictors of Cranial Ultrasound Abnormalities in Intrauterine Growth-Restricted Fetuses Born between 28 and 34 Weeks of Gestation: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Khazardoost Soghra , Ghotbizadeh Fahimeh , Sahebdel Behrokh , Nasiri Amiri Fatemeh , Shafaat Masoumeh , Akbarian-Rad Zahra , Pahlavan Zeinab
Published: July 2018

Background: Doppler parameters have been commonly used for the prediction of neonatal outcomes. However, controversies exist with regard to the value of Doppler parameters in predicting the risk of neurological outcomes among neonates. Objective: This prospective cohort study attempted to assess the value of Doppler parameters in predict ing cranial ultrasound abnormalities (CUAs) in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) among fetuses at 28–34 weeks of gestation. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 83 delivered IUGR fetuses and 75 control fetuses matched for gestational age (GA). The value of mentioned Doppler parameters and GA in predicting the risk of CUAs, including periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and basal ganglia lesions (BGLs), was analyzed. Results: The incidence of CUAs among IUGR fetuses (66.3%) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the control group (40%). The incidence of neonatal mortality among IUGR fetuses was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the control group. Absent or reversed end-diastolic velocity (AREDV) in the umbilical artery (UA) and the ductus venosus (DV) after adjustment for GA was associated with increased odds of IVH, PVL, BGLs, and any CUA. Conclusions: GA at birth and AREDV in the UA and the DV within 1 week before childbirth were reliable predictors of CUAs during the neonatal period.
Significance of the Lysyl Oxidase Members Lysyl Oxidase Like 1, 3, and 4 in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Kasashima Hiroaki , Yashiro Masakazu , Okuno Tomohisa , Miki Yuichiro , Kitayama Kisyu , Masuda Go , Kinoshita Haruhito , Morisaki Tamami , Fukuoka Tatsunari , Hasegawa Tsuyoshi , Sakurai Katsunobu , Toyokawa Takahiro , Kubo Naoshi , Tanaka Hiroaki , Muguruma Kazuya , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi
Published: July 2018

Background/Aims: Lysyl oxidase (LOX) family members play a key role in modifying the primary tumor microenvironment by crosslinking collagens and elastin in the extracellular matrix. The aim of this study was to analyze the LOX-like (LOXL)1, LOXL3, and LOXL4 expressions in gastric cancer tissue by immunohistochemical staining. Methods: The correlations between the clinicopathological features of 597 primary gastric carcinomas and LOX family members – LOXL1, LOXL3, and LOXL4 – were investigated by immunohistochemical studies. The effect of the transforming growth ­factor β1 (TGFβ1) on the expressions of LOXL1, LOXL3, and LOXL4 in gastric cancer was examined using diffuse-type gastric cancer cell lines in vitro. Results: The expressions of LOXL1, LOXL3, and LOXL4 were correlated with T invasion, lymph node metastasis, and lymphatic and venous invasion. LOXL1 expression was associated with histological intestinal-type and expanding growth patterns. The overall survival of patients with LOXL1-, LOXL3-, or LOXL4-positive cancer was poorer than those with negative cancer. LOXL3 and LOXL4 mRNA expressions were significantly high in diffuse-type gastric cancer cells with high invasion ability. TGFβ decreased the LOXL1 expression and increased LOXL3 and LOXL4 expression. Conclusion: LOXL1, LOXL3, and LOXL4 expressions are associated with distant metastasis of gastric cancer.
Restating the Case for a Sharp Population Decline in Lemur catta
Authors: LaFleur Marni , Gould Lisa , Sauther Michelle , Clarke Tara , Reuter Kim
Published: July 2018

As with many other species in the primate order, ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) are threatened with extinction. Our articles documented declines in wild ring-tailed lemur populations and noted that fewer than 2,500 wild ring-tailed lemurs are known to persist in 32 [Gould and Sauther: Primate Conservation 2016; 30: 89–101] and 34 [LaFleur et al.: Folia Primatologica 2017; 87: 320–330] sites. A criticism of our articles [Murphy et al.: International Journal of Primatology 2017; 38: 623–628] suggested that we have inadequately sampled ring-tailed lemur populations and habitats, and misused the literature. We disagree, and provide both a detailed rebuttal and responses to specific critique points herein. Moreover, we restate our case outlining a dramatic decline of ring-tailed lemurs resulting from anthropogenic pressures (deforestation, severe habitat fragmentation, extraction for the pet and bushmeat trades). We pose several thought-provoking questions as to when is the appropriate time for researchers to “sound the alarm” about a species’ decline, and remain committed to understanding the drivers of unsustainable exploitation of this emblematic lemur, and preventing their extinction in the wild.
Vitamin D Status and Patient Outcomes after Knee or Hip Surgery: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Hao , Zhu Xin-hong , Dong Wei , Wang Quan-Ming
Published: July 2018

Background: This study evaluates the effect of vitamin D status in patient outcomes after hip or knee joint surgery. Method: Literature search was carried out in electronic databases, and study selection followed predetermined eligibility criteria. Data were extracted from relevant studies and meta-analyses of standardized mean differences between hypovitaminosis D (vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency) and euvitaminosis D in assessment scores of patient-reported outcomes were performed. Results: A total of 12 studies (2,593 patients; age 69.89 years [95% CI 68.07–71.70]; 35.95% [29.43–42.46] males) were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency) was 33.18% [25.10–41.26], but the combined prevalence of deficiency and insufficiency was 46.99 [34.02–59.96]. Hospital stay was 1.09 days [–0.39 to 2.56] longer in the hypovitaminosis D group compared to the euvitaminosis D group. Preoperatively, Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Knee Society Score were significantly lower (p = 0.001 and p = 0.00001, respectively) in the hypovitaminosis D group than in the euvitaminosis D group. Postoperatively, HHS (p = 0.004) score was significantly lower in the hypovitaminosis D group than in the euvitaminosis D group. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is high in osteoarthritis patients undergoing knee or hip surgery. Vitamin D deficiency may affect the outcomes of orthopedic joint surgery. However, randomized trial/s will be required to confirm these findings.
Pharmacokinetic Study on Protocatechuic Aldehyde and Hydroxysafflor Yellow A of Danhong Injection in Rats with Hyperlipidemia
Authors: Zhou Jing , Li Min , Jin Weifeng , Li Xiaohong , Fan Hongjin , Zhang Yuyan
Published: July 2018

Background: Protocatechuic aldehyde (PAL) and hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) are 2 effective ingredients of Danhong Injection, which is extensively used for the clinical treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. This study aims to investigate the pharmacokinetic differences between single and combined medication of PAL and HSYA and analyze the interaction of the above effective components in hyperlipidemia rats. Methods: Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group (n = 6) and the model group (n = 24). The hyperlipidemia model was established by feeding with superfatted forage. The successful model rats were then randomly divided into the PAL group (16 mg/kg), the HSYA group (10 mg/kg), and the combination group (16 mg/kg + 10 mg/kg). Administration through tail-vein, and orbital blood was sampled at different time points. The mass concentration of PAL and HSYA was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD). Analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters was conducted by using DAS 3.2.6 software and SPSS 19.0 statistical analysis software. Results: According to the parameters of statistical moment of non-compartmental model, there was a significant difference in plasma clearance (CL) between the PAL group and the drug combination group (p < 0.01), as well as in the area under the first moment of the plasma concentration-time curve and the elimination half-life (t1/2) between the HSYA group and the drug combination group (p < 0.01) but no obvious differences about the blood concentration time curve area, the average dwell time (MRT), and the peak concentration (Cmax; p > 0.05). Conclusion: The combined medication of PAL and HSYA could increase the plasma CL significantly and have a great influence on the absorption of HSYA in rats with hyperlipidemia.
The Sphingosine-1-Phosphate/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2 Axis in Intestinal Epithelial Cells Regulates Intestinal Barrier Function During Intestinal Epithelial Cells–CD4+T-Cell Interactions
Authors: Chen Tanzhou , Lin Ruoyang , Jin Sisi , Chen Renpin , Xue Haibo , Ye Huajun , Huang Zhiming
Published: July 2018

Background/Aims: Epithelial cells line the intestinal mucosa and form an important barrier for maintaining host health. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of the Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)/Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) pathway in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) that participate in the intestinal barrier function. Methods: In this study, we constructed a knockout of the S1PR2 gene in mice, and Dextra sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to induce colitis. We isolated IECs from wild type (WT) and S1PR2–/– mice, and the endogenous expression of S1PR2 and Zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) in IEC were detected by Western blot. Next, the major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II) expression was analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative real-time (RT-qPCR) and flow cytometry. The in vivo and in vitro intestinal permeability were evaluated by serum fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) concentration. The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels in cell suspension were analyzed by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). A carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) assay was used to detect the T-cell proliferation in a co-culture system. Results: The intestinal mucosal barrier damage in S1PR2–/– mice was more severe than in the WT mice, and there were more CD4+T-cells in the colon tissue of DSS-treated S1PR2–/– mice. Either the mouse colon carcinoma cell line (CT26. WT) or the IECs upregulated MHC-II expression, which then promoted CD4+T-cell proliferation. The S1P/S1PR2 pathway controlled MHC-II expression to regulate CD4+T-cell proliferation via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. In addition, the IFN-γ that was secreted by CD4+T-cells increased DSS-induced damage of intestinal epithelial cell barrier function. ZO-1 expression was increased by S1P in CT26.WT cells, while S1PR2 antagonist JTE-013 expression was downregulated. However, in CT26.WTsi-S1PR2 cells, S1P had no effect on ZO-1 expression. Conclusions: The S1P/S1PR2 axis in IECs mediated CD4+T-cell activation via the ERK pathway and MHC-II expression to regulate intestinal barrier function.
The Natural Compound Myricetin Effectively Represses the Malignant Progression of Prostate Cancer by Inhibiting PIM1 and Disrupting the PIM1/CXCR4 Interaction
Authors: Ye Chen , Zhang Chao , Huang Hai , Yang Bo , Xiao Guangan , Kong Depei , Tian Qinqin , Song Qixiang , Song Yunjie , Tan Haisong , Wang Yang , Zhou Tie , Zi Xiaoyuan , Sun Yinghao
Published: July 2018

Background/Aims: Natural compounds are a promising resource for anti-tumor drugs. Myricetin, an abundant flavonoid found in the bark and leaves of bayberry, shows multiple promising anti-tumor functions in various cancers. Methods: The cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic, and anti-metastatic effects of myricetin on prostate cancer cells were investigated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Short-hairpin RNA knockdown of the proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus-1 (PIM1), pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays, and an intracellular Ca2+ flux assay were used to investigate the potential underlying mechanism of myricetin. ONCOMINE database data mining and immunohistochemical analysis of prostate cancer tissues were used to evaluate the expression of PIM1 and CXCR4, as well as the correlation between PIM1 and CXCR4 expression and the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognoses of prostate cancer patients. Results: Myricetin exerted selective cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic, and anti-metastatic effects on prostate cancer cells by inhibiting PIM1 and disrupting the PIM1/CXCR4 interaction. Moreover, PIM1 and CXCR4 were coexpressed and associated with aggressive clinicopathologic traits and poor prognosis in prostate cancer patients. Conclusion: These results offer preclinical evidence for myricetin as a potential chemopreventive and therapeutic agent for precision medicine tailored to prostate cancer patients characterized by concomitant elevated expression of PIM1 and CXCR4.
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ТОКСИКОМЕТРІЯ ГЕТЕРОМЕТАЛІЧНИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ ГЕРМАНІЮ (IV) ТА 3d-МЕТАЛІВ НА ОСНОВІ ЛИМОННОЇ ТА ВИННОЇ КИСЛОТ
Authors: Bukhtiarova T. A. , Lukianchuk V. D. , Seifullina I. Y. , Kravets D. S. , Martsinko O. E. , Litvinenko D. F. , Kozyr V. A.
Published: July 2018

У роботі вперше наведено результати порівняльного токсикометричного аналізу шести оригінальних координаційних сполук германію (КГС) із різними есенціальними мікроелементами (цинк, мідь, марганець) та біолігандами (лимонна та винна кислоти), які є потенційними препаратами з антигіпоксантною активністю.Мета дослідження – провести порівняльний токсикометричний аналіз нових координаційних сполук германію з есенціальними елементами на основі лимонної та винної кислот.Матеріали і методи. Досліди виконані на 132 самцях нелінійних білих щурів масою 170–190 г у відділі фармакокінетики ДУ “Інститут фармакології та токсикології НАМН України” відповідно до методичних рекомендацій з дотриманням усіх етичних вимог. У порівняльних токсикометричних дослідженнях використовували шість оригінальних координаційних сполук германію (КСГ) з різними есенціальними мікроелементами (цинк, мідь, марганець) та біолігандами (лимонна та винна кислоти) під відповідними лабораторними шифрами: манган (ІІ) біс(цитрато)германат (IV) – ОКАГЕР М-1; купрум (ІІ) біс(цитрато)германат (IV) – ОКАГЕР М-2; цинк біс(цитрато)германат (IV) – ОКАГЕР М-3; манган (ІІ) тартратогерманат (IV) – ОКАГЕР М-4; купрум (ІІ) тартратогерманат (IV) – ОКАГЕР М-5, цинк (ІІ) тартратогерманат (IV) – ОКАГЕР М-6. Усі сполуки синтезовані вперше у лабораторії кафедри загальної хімії та полімерів Одеського національного університету імені І. І. Мечникова під керівництвом д-ра хім. наук, проф. І. Й. Сейфулліної.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Експериментально доведено, що визначені за допомогою методу пробітаналі зу параметри токсичності (LD 16, LD 50, LD 84, LD 99) за умов однократного надходження в організм досліджуваних сполук мають суттєві відмінності залежно від наявності в їх структурі того чи іншого есенціального мікроелемента або біолігандів. Показано, що токсикофором у ряді гетерометалічних комплексів із різними біолігандами, що вивчаються, є саме метал, а не кислоти. За ступенем гострої токсичності (LD 50) досліджувані КГС можуть бути розташовані у наступному порядку (від більшого до меншого): ОКАГЕР М-5 (купрум(ІІ) тартратогерманат(IV))>ОКАГЕР М-2 (купрум (ІІ) біс(цитрато)германат (IV))>ОКАГЕР М-3 (цинк біс(цитрато)германат (IV))>ОКАГЕР М-6 (цинк (ІІ) тартратогерманат (IV))>ОКАГЕР М-4 (манган (ІІ) тартратогерманат (IV))>ОКАГЕР М-1 (манган (ІІ) біс(цитрато)германат (IV)). Встановлено, що при одноразовому внутрішньочеревному введенні дані сполуки є малотоксичними та помірно токсичними для ссавців, у тому числі й для людини за результатами екстраполяції експериментальних даних із використанням констант біологічної активності.Висновки. Отримані дані є експериментальним підґрунтям доцільності подальшого поглибленого фармакологічного вивчення найбільш перспективної сполуки ОКАГЕР М-4.
КЛІНІЧНА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ФІТОПРЕПАРАТУ «РЕСВЕРАЗИН» В КОМПЛЕКСНОМУ ЛІКУВАННІ ГЕНЕРАЛІЗОВАНОГО ПАРОДОНТИТУ
Authors: Hevkalyuk N. O.
Published: July 2018

Захворювання пародонта – сьогодні одне із найпоширеніших уражень організму людини. За даними ВООЗ (1990), від 55 до 98 % дорослого населення планети має патологію пародонта, найвищий рівень захворюваності зареєстровано в осіб 15–19 років (55–89 %) та 35–44 років (65–98 %) [1, 3, 6]. Висока поширеність, несприятливий вплив вогнищ пародонтальної інфекції на стан порожнини рота та організм у цілому, високий рівень ускладнень, пов’язаних із функціональними та морфологічними порушеннями внаслідок втрати зубів, – все це визначає актуальність даної проблеми.Мета дослідження – оцінити клінічну ефективність препарату “Ресверазин” у складі комплексного лікування генералізованого пародонтиту.Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні взяли участь 43 пацієнти, хворі на хронічний генералізований пародонтит. Оцінку стану пародонта проводили за клінічними ознаками. Для оцінки гігієнічного стану порожнини рота використовували індекси Green–Wermillion, ОНІ-S, Silness–Loe, Stallard, пародонтологічні індекси: РМА, ПІ, індекс кровоточивості за Мuhlleman. Визначення і підрахунок індексів проводили за загальноприйнятими методиками. Пацієнтам основної групи в комплексній терапії призначали препарат “Ресверазин” по 1 капсулі 2 рази на добу. Курс лікування становив 2 місяці.Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Дані клінічних досліджень, які ми отримали, послугували обґрунтуванням для впровадження в медичну стоматологічну практику лікування генералізованого пародонтиту (ГП) фітопрепаратом “Ресверазин”. Включення до комплексної терапії хворих на пародонтит препарату “Ресверазин” сприяло підвищенню ефективності проведеного етіотропного, патогенетичного та симптоматичного лікування хворих, що забезпечило клінічно виражені ознаки стабілізації пародонтиту та швидший перехід ГП у стадію ремісії. Позитивний клінічний результат отриманий за основними критеріями ефективності, які заключались у зменшенні симптомів запалення – гіперемії, набряку та кровоточивості міжзубних сосочків і маргінальної частини ясен. Тенденція до зменшення ознак запалення за клінічними, суб’єктивними даними, підтвердилась позитивною динамікою показника поширеності запаленнятканин  пародонта (РМА). Зниження значення інтегративного пародонтального індексу відбувається переважно за рахунок зменшення тяжкості симптоматичного гінгівіту та глибини пародонтальних кишень. У результаті проведеного лікування настає нормалізація функціональних адаптаційно-компенсаторних реакцій, що підтверджується нормалізацією показників – гігієнічними індексами Green–Wermillion, ОНІ-S, Silness–Loe, Stallard та пародонтальними індексами: папілярно-маргінально-альвеолярним (РМА), індексом кровоточивості за Muhlleman, пародонтальним індексом (ПІ).Висновки. Результати клінічного дослідження свідчать про необхідність застосування фітопрепаратів, зокрема фітопрепарату “Ресвератрол”, із протизапальною, антиангіогенною, імунотропною, антиоксидантною дією в комплексному лікуванні хворих на генералізований пародонтит.
ALGILANAN AŞIRI NİTELİKLİLİĞİN YENİLİKÇİ İŞYERİ DAVRANIŞLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNDE KOLEKTİF ŞÜKRANIN ROLÜ
Authors: Ayaz Arda Özlem , Yıldız Bora
Published: July 2018

Bu çalışmada algılanan
aşırı nitelikliliğin yenilikçi (inovatif) davranışlar üzerindeki etkisinde
kolektif şükranın şartlı değişken etkisi incelenmiştir. İlgili alanyazın
incelendiğinde önceki çalışmalar genellikle algılanan aşırı nitelikliliğin
çalışanların olumsuz davranışlar ya da tutumlar sergilemesinde önemli bir öncül
olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Ancak, algılanan aşırı nitelikliliğin uygun koşular
altında olumlu davranış ya da tutumlara yol açacağını gösteren çalışmalar
ilginç bir şekilde sınırlı düzeydedir. Bu bağlamda bu araştırmanın amacı
alanyazında oldukça yeni olan bir duygu durum değişkeni olan kolektif şükranın
düzenleyici etkisini kişi-iş uyumu kavramsal çerçevesinde araştırarak ilgili
alanyazındaki boşluğu doldurmaktır. Araştırma İstanbul İlindeki bir sigorta
şirketinde çalışmakta olan 121 beyaz yakalı çalışan üzerinde uygulanmıştır.
Araştırmada elde edilen veri PROCESS SPSS makrosu kullanılarak analiz
edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları göstermiştir ki algılanan aşırı nitelikliliğin
yenilikçi davranışlar üzerindeki olumsuz etkisi kolektif şükran düzeyi düşük
olan çalışanlarda daha güçlü iken, yüksek olan çalışanlarda istatistiksel açıdan
anlamlı değildir. Araştırma sonucunda yönetici ve uygulayıcılar için çeşitli
öneriler sunulmuştur.
Distribution patterns and population dynamics of the pandalid shrimp Plesionika izumiae (Decapoda, Caridea) in a unique semi-enclosed deep-water bay environment
Authors: Ohtomi J. , Ahamed F. , Rahman M. Mosaddequr , Fukushima H.
Published: July 2018

The pandalid shrimp Plesionika izumiae Omori, 1971 has a wide bathymetric distribution in the coastal waters and the upper continental slope of west Pacific regions. The distribution patterns and population dynamics of P. izumiae were studied in a unique semi-enclosed deep-water bay, Kagoshima Bay, southern Japan, with very steep slopes on both sides. Plesionika izumiae shows a wide spatial distribution in the bay with the majority of the individuals inhabiting the channel area with sediments of almost equal portions of silt and sand, as well as in the bay head with a silty sediment. There were no significant relationships between bottom water temperature or salinity and the distribution patterns of this shrimp, but the sediment characteristics and water depth might appear to influence the distribution patterns of P. izumiae. The distribution patterns with progression of age reveal the dynamics of the P. izumiae population, which was studied by selecting one cohort from each sex and tracing them throughout their life cycle, resulting in similar patterns being shown for both sexes. Juveniles (at the age of 5.7 months) occurred throughout the distribution areas; however, there was a low catch per unit effort (CPUE) even in the main spawning grounds, probably from due to the ongoing recruitment process. The substantial increment in CPUE at the age of 8.4 months throughout the distribution areas likely indicate the stock to be fully recruited by then. A clear shift in CPUE of these cohorts was observed at the ages of 11.6 months and 14.3 months, from the deeper areas towards the shallower areas of the bay, possibly suggesting spawning migration. Individuals approaching their maximum size and longevity were found mostly in the deeper waters. A marked seasonal pattern in CPUE was noted with higher values recorded in summer and lower in winter, which could possibly be related to the life history of the shrimp.
Colloquium 4 Commentary on Ewegen
Authors: Forte J.M.
Published: July 2018

This commentary begins by analyzing two textual selections about death in the Gorgias (486a7–b4 and 526e4–527a4) in order to expand upon Ewegen’s portrayal of Socrates. I close by briefly giving voice to another, perhaps more familiar side of Socrates’ rhetorical approach in the dialogue in order to provide some further perspective about Ewegen’s claims.
New species of the orb-weaving spider genus Chrysometa (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) from oak forests near of the Pico de Orizaba National Park (Veracruz, Mexico)
Authors: SALGUEIRO-SEPÚLVEDA F. JAVIER , ÁLVAREZ-PADILLA FERNANDO
Published: July 2018

Seven new species of the genus Chrysometa Simon are described: C. citlaltepetl n. sp., C. triangulosa n. sp., C. rosarium n. sp., C. atotonilco n. sp., C. xamaticpac n. sp. C. puya n. sp. and C. sagicuta n. sp. Species identities were evaluated and sexes for each species matched with a fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. These data were analyzed with maximum likelihood and the resulting cladograms separated all species with high support values (95–100) and an average distance of 0.093 %. The genetic signal also agreed with the diagnostic morphological features used to separate these taxa. The sex matching results discovered that the female of C. chipinque Levi actually belongs to C. puya n. sp.; the correct female of C. chipinque is here described for the first time. A redescription of the male of C. chipinque and the female of C. puya is also provided. All species were collected as part of a faunistic inventory from two oak forests near Pico de Orizaba Volcano National Park. A total of 399 adult specimens, 209 females and 195 males, were sorted and identified. Most individuals were collected from medium height vegetation by beating trays and from high vegetation by direct collecting at night. High resolution images for all species are available at www.unamfcaracnolab.com. Finally, the functional anatomy of the epigynum for the species described here is discussed.
Checklist of decapods (Crustacea) from the coast of São Paulo State (Brazil) supported by integrative molecular and morphological data: II. Infraorder Caridea: family Alpheidae
Authors: ALMEIDA ALEXANDRE O. , TEROSSI MARIANA , BURANELLI RAQUEL C. , CASTILHO ANTONIO L. , COSTA ROGÉRIO C. , ZARA FERNANDO J. , MANTELATTO FERNANDO L.
Published: July 2018

This study is part of a series of checklists resulting from a long-term multidisciplinary project on the biodiversity of decapod crustaceans from the marine and coastal environments (including estuaries) of São Paulo State (Brazil). For that, we integrated molecular techniques (mitochondrial DNA markers) and morphological analyses of adult specimens for an accurate and detailed identification. The DNA markers were used when the morphological identification was doubtful, particularly in the recognition of cryptic species. This second manuscript presents a checklist of the Alpheidae caridean shrimps from the coast of São Paulo. We report the occurrence of Alpheus cf. paracrinitus and Synalpheus townsendi for the first time in the region. Based on our survey, 39 species of Alpheidae are known for this region: Alpheus (21 spp.), Athanas (2 spp.), Automate (2 spp.), Leptalpheus (1 spp.), Salmoneus (3 spp.), and Synalpheus (10 spp.). We collected 28 species and obtained cytochrome oxidase subunit I (barcode region) and/or 16S partial sequences of 26 of them. These sequences may be used for phylogenetic and populational analyses in further studies.
Does Clarithromycin Cause Hearing Loss? A 12-Year Review of Clarithromycin Therapy for Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lymphadenitis in Children
Authors: Heffernan Colleen B. , McKeon Mallory G. , Molony Sasha , Kawai Kosuke , Stiles Derek J. , Lachenauer Catherine S. , Kenna Margaret A. , Watters Karen
Published: July 2018

Objective(s):

The objective was to describe the characteristics of hearing losses documented in patients treated with clarithromycin alone for nontuberculous mycobacterial NTM lymphadenitis in a pediatric tertiary care center over a 12-year period.

Methods:

An institutional review board (IRB) approval was obtained. A database search was performed using the ICD-10 diagnosis codes 31.0, 31.1, and 31.8 between January 2004 and January 2017. A REDCap database was created to record variables. Patients were included if they received clarithromycin alone and had, at the minimum, a baseline audiology assessment, and 1 further evaluation during treatment. Fisher’s exact test was used to analyze categorical variables, and Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to analyze continuous variables.

Results:

A total of 167 patients with cervicofacial NTM were identified. Of them, 42 patients fulfilled inclusion criteria. Three children (7%) developed a hearing loss (HL) between 25 and 63 days after starting treatment. HL was unilateral in 2 children. HL persisted in 1 child following cessation of treatment. However, this patient had Rubinstein Taybi syndrome, limiting our ability to attribute the HL solely to clarithromycin.

Conclusion:

We noted a 7% hearing loss rate in our series. Confounding issues, such as 1 patient with a syndrome potentially contributing to HL, and limitations to this study, including retrospective design and loss to follow-up, temper our ability to conclude that clarithromycin was the sole cause of these HL. However, enough supporting data for a role in clarithromycin causing HL exist that testing should be considered for patients undergoing long-term clarithromycin treatment.
Women’s Disengagement From Legal Proceedings for Intimate Partner Violence in Southern Spain: Variables Related to Legal Proceedings
Authors: Garcia-Jimenez Maria , Cala Maria Jesus , Trigo M. Eva , de la Mata Manuel L.
Published: July 2018

This article studies the relationship between a set of variables related to the legal process and women’s disengagement from legal proceedings against their (ex)partners in Southern Spain. A total of 345 women answered a questionnaire. Results evidenced that request for a protection order (PO), granting such PO, imprisonment of the offender, and women’s perception of who decided during the process were significantly related to disengagement (medium effect size). In addition, a logistic regression model was developed to predict disengagement with two variables: granting a PO and women’s perception of who decided. Results are interpreted in terms of the necessity that the judicial system gives support, protects, and provides women with opportunities to participate in the recovery process.
Reading, Sharing, and Experiencing Literary/Lived Narratives About Contemporary Racism
Authors: Brooks Wanda M. , Browne Susan , Meirson Tal
Published: July 2018

This qualitative case study explores the literary/lived interpretations and experiences of middle school girls attending a book club located in an urban public school. We examine how the girls’ responses to depictions of racism in the novels read reveal the ways in which they understand and/or experience racism in their own lives? We ground this research in critical race theory. Our inductive analytic process yielded the following three themes: (a) storying racism, (b) trusting the injustice and (c) enduring through trauma. We conclude with implications for preparing preservice and in-service classroom teachers to confront racism in their instruction.
The Analytical Micro–Macro Relationship in Social Science and Its Implications for the Individualism-Holism Debate
Authors: Ramström Gustav
Published: July 2018

This article argues that the tradition within the individualism-holism debate of importing arguments from the micro–macro discussion in other disciplines (e.g., philosophy of mind and philosophy of biology) significantly has hampered our understanding of the “individual-social” relationship. While, for example, the “neural-mental” and “atomic-molecular” links represent empirical “gives rise to” relationships, in the social sciences the micro–macro link is a purely analytical “qualifies as” type of relationship. This disanalogy is important, since it has significant implications for the individualism-holism debate: (a) it implies a phenomenally monist social ontology and (b) it disqualifies the notion of social macro causation.
Empathy, Sadness, and Distress Three Related but Distinct Vicarious Affective Responses to Another's Suffering
Authors: Fultz Jim , Schaller Mark , Cialdini Robert B.
Published: July 2018

A negative state relief explanation for the empathy-helping relationship (e.g., Cialdini et al., 1987) rests on the two-part assumption that empathy, sadness, and distress are (a) related but (b) distinct vicarious affective responses to another's suffering. This assumption received support in two studies from principal components analyses of subjects' self-reported affective responses to situations in which another college student was in need. In Study 1 subjects reported their response to three different need situations described as having occurred in recent psychology experiments, and in Study 2 subjects reported their response to a current need situation. Oblique rotations of three components extracted from affective responses to each need situation revealed that all components were intercorrelated. Orthogonal rotations, however, yielded component structures suggesting that empathy, sadness, and distress are quantitatively distinct. Correlations between indices of empathy, sadness, and distress further elucidated the relationships between the three affective responses. It is concluded that motivational models of helping and models of vicarious affect should include sadness as a response that is distinct from but related to both empathy and distress.