bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Procedimentos dolorosos agudos no recém-nascido pré-termo em uma unidade neonatal
Authors: Rocha Érica Célia Sousa , Silva Liana Albuquerque da , Araujo Marcelle Campos de , Azevedo Silvia Schoenau de , Junqueira-Marinho Maria de Fatima
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: analisar o número de procedimentos dolorosos agudos e manejo da dor em recém-nascidos pré-termo em uma unidade neonatal. Método: estudo descritivo, transversal. Teve como campo uma unidade neonatal de uma instituição pública de saúde. Os participantes da pesquisa foram recém-nascidos abaixo de 35 semanas.  Resultados: foram incluídos 17 recém-nascidos. Foi quantificado um total de 729 procedimentos dolorosos. Em média foram realizados 42,9 procedimentos por recém-nascido durante os primeiros 14 dias de vida, sendo aproximadamente três procedimentos realizados por bebê no serviço diurno. Dentre os procedimentos, o mais frequente foi a punção de calcâneo (23,9%). O manejo predominante foi a contenção facilitada (32,7%). A (re)inserção de pronga foi o segundo procedimento mais realizado. Conclusões: O estudo permitiu apreender que o manejo da dor no recém-nascido pré-termo internado em uma unidade neonatal ainda é um desafio.
Fatores associados a erros de dispensação de medicamentos: contribuição à melhoria de sistemas de medicação
Authors: Maia Jacione Lemos Botelho , Batista Rosângela Fernandes Lucena , Rosa Mário Borges , Melo Jorgileia Braga de , Silva Francimary Martins , Carneiro Sueli
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados e identificar os tipos de erros de dispensação (ED) de medicamentos. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 5604 medicamentos dispensados em hospital universitário brasileiro, em 2016 e 2017. Após obtenção dos dados, pela aplicação de checklist e abertura dos kits de dispensação, utilizou-se regressão hierarquizada ajustada para identificação dos fatores associados ao ED. Resultados: os ED ocorreram em 236 medicamentos e os vários métodos de cálculo permitiram as taxas: 4,2%, 7,3% e 24,9%. Os principais erros foram de conteúdo por desvio de qualidade e de omissão. No modelo final da regressão, permaneceram associadas ao aumento da chance de ED as variáveis: turno da noite e presença de fonte de interrupção/distração. Conclusão: a frequência de ED foi mais baixa quando se utilizou o método de cálculo do Ministério da Saúde. Os fatores relacionados ao turno da noite e ao uso de fontes de interrupção/distração podem estar associados a ED, especialmente ao de omissão.
Simulação como estratégia de interferência na autoconfiança interprofissional no âmbito da atenção primária
Authors: Siqueira Maria Beatriz Silva , Santana Breno De Sousa , Rodrigues Bárbara Soares , Magro Marcia Cristina da Silva
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: verificar se a estratégia de simulação empregada para capacitação em suporte básico de vida e situações de obstrução de vias aéreas interfere na autoconfiança interprofissional no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde. Método: estudo quase-experimental desenvolvido com 68 profissionais da atenção primária do Distrito Federal, entre junho e dezembro de 2018. Utilizaram-se questionários para caracterização do conhecimento e avaliação da autoconfiança. Realizou-se aula-expositiva e simulação realística sobre parada cardiopulmonar e obstrução de vias aéreas como intervenção, sendo significativos os resultados com diferença estatisticamente significativa antes e após (p<0,05). Resultados: amostra majoritariamente feminina (69,1%), com idade entre 21 e 70 anos, com predomínio de agentes comunitários de saúde (32,4%). Houve melhora na autoconfiança para o manejo correto da parada cardiopulmonar e da desobstrução de vias aéreas (p<0,001) após a intervenção. Conclusão: a simulação favorece aprendizagem experiencial, desenvolvendo autoconfiança interprofissional para lidar com emergências na atenção primária à saúde.
EXPERIÊNCIAS ESTÉTICAS NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL – PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS DESENHADAS PELA ARTE
Authors: Da Silva Andréia Haudt , Zamperetti Maristani Polidori
Published: December 2019

A presente pesquisa contempla a questão: Que espaços e tempos são promovidos pelos professores de Educação Infantil para favorecer a ocorrência de experiências estéticas no cotidiano das crianças? O objetivo é analisar e problematizar a prática docente na Educação Infantil no que se refere às experiências estéticas. A pesquisa ocorreu numa escola do município de Pelotas, RS, e revelou que as professoras reconhecem a importância da arte, buscam utilizá-la no cotidiano, mas sentem um despreparo que acreditam ser fruto da formação acadêmica deficitária que tiveram. Assim, para elas é um desafio pensar propostas que façam uso das linguagens artísticas e esse vem sendo um aprendizado que ocorre na prática.
CORPO INFANTIL, ARTEFATOS CULTURAIS E O PROCESSO DE PEDOFILIZAÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Da Silva Raimundo José Pereira , Sá-Silva Jackson Ronie
Published: December 2019

O artigo problematiza o tema da erotização dos corpos infantis na sociedade contemporânea a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica. A ideia de infância vem sofrendo modificações significativas ao longo da história e os artefatos culturais são materialidades privilegiadas nesse processo de discursar sobre o corpo da criança. A discussão está assentada nas proposições teórico-metodológicas dos Estudos Culturais em Educação na vertente pós-estruturalista. Apresenta-se o conceito de pedofilização social para explicar os processos complexos da exposição mídiática dos corpos infantis. Professores e professoras precisam se apropriar dessas discussões para que compreendam a complexidade cultural que opera nos corpos infantis e os adultizam, tornando-os objetos de diferentes desejos e consumo.
(PER)FORMAÇÕES DE UM DESENHO INCORPORADO
Authors: Bemvenuto Virna Da Silva , Carvalho da Silva de Oliveira Letícia
Published: December 2019

O presente relato de experiência se faz como um compartilhamento reflexivo das práticas artístico-pedagógicas realizadas no projeto O Corpo nas Artes Visuais, no Colégio de Aplicação da UFRJ. A partir de proposições onde o corpo é requisitado para a produção de imagem, investiga-se os tensionamentos oriundos do processo de desnaturalização das posturas corporais pré-estabelecidas para o ato de desenhar e também para as aulas de Artes Visuais em espaços formais de ensino. Desse modo, procura-se compreender o corpo como matéria sensível, caminho para o gesto no desenho e como lugar privilegiado de experimentação.
Early referral of venous leg ulcers: lessons from the EVRA trial
Authors: Davies Alun H , Mora Jocelyn M , Gohel Manjit S , Heatley Francine , Dhillon Karen
Published: December 2019

With inconsistent care pathways and variable referral policies, venous leg ulcer care is often suboptimal. Alun Davies, Jocelyn Mora, Manjit Gohel, Francine Heatley and Karen Dhillon discuss the benefits of early intervention
To what extent can a care home restrict visitors' access?
Authors: Burrows Claire
Published: December 2019

Care homes can inhabit an uneasy space between private residence and communal facility, which means that negotiating residents' rights can be difficult. This is nowhere more true than visitation rights. Claire Burrows offers guidance on this tricky topic
Kasai Hepatoportoenterostomy for Biliary Atresia in Children: Technical Notes and Details of Perioperative Therapy
Authors: Boscarelli  Alessandro
Published: December 2019

Biliary atresia is a progressive obliterative cholangiopathy of neonates, which causes jaundice and can lead to end stage liver disease. Despite recent improvements, Kasai hepatoportoenterostomy remains the standard surgical procedure to re-establish bile flow in these patients to date. Nevertheless, the majority of children with biliary atresia ultimately undergo liver transplantation. Herein, technical notes and perioperative therapies in children undergoing Kasai operation are reported.
Design and Tests of a Multi-pin Flexible Seedling Pick-up Gripper for Automatic Transplanting
Authors: Han Luhua , Kumi Francis , Mao Hanping , Hu Jianping
Published: December 2019

Highlights

A multi-pin flexible pick-up gripper with a four-jaw chuck having four pick-up pins has been developed.

The gripper can effectively grasp, hold and release plug seedlings with low damages to the plants and the root soil.

Based on a typical on-off control and cylinder stroke position detection, the control system for timely response was designed to automate the process of picking up and releasing seedlings.

Abstract. A multi-pin flexible seedling pick-up gripper for automatic transplanting was developed and evaluated. The gripper having a four-jaw chuck mainly consists of a parallel-type air gripper with four fingers, four fork frames, four cylinder fingers, and several connecting/supporting parts. The air gripper moves to open and close the cylinder fingers, and the cylinder fingers each having a flexible pin grasp and release the seedling. When the pick-up gripper extracts seedlings from the tray cells, its four cylindrical fingers push out four pick-up pins to penetrate deep into the root soil and then close, making the pick-up pins to firmly hold the root soil for lifting. When the pick-up gripper releases seedlings, its fingers open, making the pick-up pins loosen the root soil and then pull back for discharging. An electrical and pneumatic control system was designed to coordinate the execution of each action. The pick-up gripper attached to a robotic manipulator was tested on a range of plug seedling transplanting parameters and conditions. The results showed that penetration depth, seedling species, and the interaction of working pressure and seedling species significantly influenced the successful automatic transplanting. On the whole, the seedling integrity ratio in automatic transplanting was found to be up to 93.37%. For optimum performance of the device in transplanting seedlings, the pick-up pins of the multi-pin gripper need to grasp the maximum amount of root soil at their maximum penetration depth. Keywords: Gripper, Flexible, Multi-pin, Seedlings, Transplanting.
The effect of preoperative stoma training for patients undergoing colorectal surgery in an enhanced recovery programme
Authors: Hughes MJ , Cunningham W , Yalamarthi S
Published: December 2019

Introduction

Stoma formation following colorectal resection is often anticipated prior to surgery. Becoming independent with stoma handling can sometimes delay discharge beyond achievement of discharge criteria. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of preoperative stoma training on length of stay.

Methods

Patients undergoing colorectal resection within an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programme were prospectively entered into a database. Retrospective analysis was performed of those who received a stoma as part of their operation. Patients who underwent preoperative stoma training were compared with those who had conventional postoperative training. The primary outcome measure was length of hospital stay. Secondary outcome measures included overall morbidity, stoma related morbidity, ERAS milestone achievement and readmission rates.

Results

The median length of stay was improved in the patients receiving preoperative stoma training (8 days [interquartile range: 6–10] vs 9 days [interquartile range: 7–19.5], p=0.025). No statistically significant difference was observed in overall morbidity rates, stoma specific morbidity, ERAS milestones or readmission rates.

Conclusions

Preoperative stoma training can reduce length of stay and could be employed routinely for patients who are planned to have colorectal surgery. Such training can be incorporated within ERAS pathways.
Whole slide imaging system using deep learning-based automated focusing
Authors: Rai Dastidar Tathagato , Ethirajan Renu
Published: December 2019

The auto focusing system, which involves moving a microscope stage along a vertical axis to find an optimal focus position, is the chief component of an automated digital microscope. Current automated focusing algorithms, especially those deployed in cost effective microscopy systems, often cannot match the efficiency of a skilled human operator in keeping a sample in focus. This work presents an auto focusing system that utilises the recent advances in machine learning, namely deep convolutional neural networks (CNN). It improves upon prior work in this domain. The results of the focusing algorithm are demonstrated on an open data set. We describe the practical implementation of this method on a low cost digital microscope to create a whole slide imaging system (WSI). Results of a clinical study using this WSI system are presented. The study demonstrates the efficacy of this system in a practical scenario.
Relative cost routing and spectrum allocation in elastic optical networks
Authors: Alyatama Anwar
Published: December 2019

Elastic optical networks (EONs) are being used to adapt to the recent rapid changes in traffic behavior and the exponential growth in bandwidth demand. Routing and spectrum allocation (RSA) is one of the most important determining factors of the design, performance, and operation of EONs. In this work, we propose an adaptive RSA algorithm based on the relative cost concept under which the transient effect when a call is admitted on a given route/spectrum set at a given network state is estimated. The algorithm computes the relative cost of forwarding an arriving call across all available route/spectrum sets to the destination. The algorithm selects the route/spectrum set with the least relative cost; if the minimum relative cost is more than the call’s value, the call is potentially rejected. In this study, the efficiency of using relative cost to solve the RSA problem is demonstrated via simulation.
Vectorial effect on the evolution of fractional-order vector vortex beams in a strongly nonlocal nonlinear medium
Authors: Liu Caixia , Chew Khian-Hooi , Wu Yan , Chen Rui-Pin
Published: December 2019

Propagation of a vector vortex optical field (VVOF) with both fractional order of polarization topological charge

m

and fractional order of vortex topological charge

n

with spatially variant states of polarization (SoP) in a strongly nonlocal nonlinear medium (SNNM) is studied. The optical field always evolves reciprocally with a cycle of stretch and shrink in a SNNM with dark stripes forming at

z
=
t
π

z
p

(

t

denotes an integer number, and

z

p

is a parameter that depends on the initial power of the VVOF and the material constant associated with the response function), as a result from the coherent superposition of the vortices with different order of topological charges and weighting coefficients. In particular, the conversions between linear and circular polarization components occur during propagation, and the converted SoP distributions in different propagation distances depend closely on the topological charges and the initial powers. The evolutions of the Stokes parameters of the fractional-order VVOF (FO-VVOF) during propagation in a SNNM show that the spatial distributions of different polarization components are closely related to the topological charges, the initial powers and the propagation distances, implying that the FO-VVOF can be regarded as a superposition of two different fractional-order vortices with orthogonal circular polarization components. These results provide new strategies on tailoring polarization states in a structured optical field with fractional topological charges.
Propagation characteristics of vortex beams in anisotropic atmospheric turbulence
Authors: Tang Shanfa , Yan Jiawei , Yong Kangle , Zhang Rongzhu
Published: December 2019

The phase distortion of vortex beams caused by atmospheric turbulence is calculated by the power spectral inversion method. An analytical expression of the fundamental mode Gaussian vortex beam that propagates through anisotropic atmospheric turbulence has been deduced. The influences of altitude, anisotropic factor, and topological charge (TC) on the propagation characteristics of vortex beams are discussed in detail. The results show that when the altitude is in the region of 3–6 km, the change of altitude has little influence on the quality of vortex beams. When the altitude is in the region of 6–7.8 km, beam quality will become better along with the increase in altitude. Otherwise, beam quality will be better with the increase in anisotropic factor, and the ability to resist distortion will be stronger with the increase in TC.
Atomic switch for control of heat transfer in coupled cavities
Authors: Meher Nilakantha , Sivakumar S.
Published: December 2019

Controlled heat transfer and thermal rectification in a system of two coupled cavities connected to thermal reservoirs are discussed. Embedding a dispersively interacting two-level atom in one of the cavities allows switching from a thermally conducting to resisting behavior. By properly tuning the atomic state and system–reservoir parameters—in particular, system–reservoir couplings and resonance frequencies—the direction of the current can be reversed. It is shown that a large thermal rectification is achievable in this system by tuning the cavity–reservoir and cavity–atom couplings. Partial recovery of diffusive heat transport in an array of

N

cavities containing one dispersively coupled atom is discussed.
Normal-mode splitting in a linear and quadratic optomechanical system with an ensemble of two-level atoms
Authors: He Qing , Badshah Fazal , Alharbi Thamer , Li Liping , Yang Linfeng
Published: December 2019

We theoretically calculate normal-mode splitting (NMS) in a linear and quadratic optomechanical system (OMS) with an ensemble of two-level atoms, where the interaction between the mechanical membrane and the optical cavity includes linear optomechanical coupling and quadratic optomechanical coupling (QOC). In the presence of atomic ensemble, a negative QOC strength is instrumental for generating NMS, while the positive QOC restricts NMS, and eventually it disappears. Further, for the hybrid OMS assisted with the atomic ensemble, the displacement spectrum of the mechanical resonator displays three peaks, where the middle peak results from the effective coupling strength between the cavity field and the atomic ensemble. Here the negative QOC strength and the effective ensemble-field coupling can provide an efficient control of the amplitude and position of the three peaks.
Versatile multi-soliton patterns of noise-like pulses in a passively mode-locked fiber laser
Authors: Zhou Renlai , Liu Xuanyi , Yu Dan , Li Qian , Fu H. Y.
Published: December 2019

We experimentally report the dynamics of multi-soliton patterns noise-like pulses (NLPs) in a passively mode-locked fiber laser, which the pulse duration can be linearly tuned from 8.21 ns to 128.23 ns by 2.936 ns / 10 mW. Benefiting from the drastically strengthened nonlinear effects in the cavity and the high gain amplification in the unidirectional ring (UR), the transformation from rectangular-shaped NLP to Gaussian-shaped NLP is experimentally achieved. Versatile multi-soliton patterns are observed in NLP regime for the first time, namely, single-scale soliton clusters, high-order harmonic mode-locking, and localized chaotic multiple pulses. In particular, the spectrum evolution with pump power and spectrum stability in 2 hours are also monitored. The obtained results demonstrate the rectangular-shaped NLP can fully transform into Gaussian-shaped NLP, and the multi-soliton patterns can exist in the NLP regime, which contributes to further understanding the nature and mechanism of the NLP in a passively mode-locked fiber laser.
Bandwidth adjustment and spectral defragmentation for optical networking unit using four wave mixing spectral compression
Authors: Kaihori Yuta , Yamasaki Yu , Konishi Tsuyoshi
Published: December 2019

Nonlinear optical signal processing is expected to be one of promising approaches in optical networking units (ONUs) and it requires mutual conversion between data signals and optical pulse signals for the bandwidth matching between them. We investigate four-wave mixing (FWM) based bandwidth management for ONUs and experimentally demonstrate variable bandwidth adjustment and defragmentation. Experimental results show variability in bandwidth adjustment and spectral defragmentation. Bit-error-rate (BER) measurements show an error-free operation (BER<10−9) with a power penalty of 3.75 dB after FWM-based bandwidth management in simulation.
Compact generation of arbitrarily accelerating double caustic beams with orthogonal polarizations using a dielectric metasurface
Authors: Chen Rui , Chen Rui-Pin , Zhou Yi , Chen Wenjie , Ma Yungui
Published: December 2019

Compact launching double arbitrarily accelerating caustic beams with orthogonal polarizations based on a metasurface are presented. By only tailoring the phase of the transmitted fields from an amorphous silicon elliptical posts array, launching double arbitrarily accelerating caustic beams with orthogonal polarizations is achieved. The trajectories of vector caustic beams with orthogonal polarizations are dependent on the phase modulations through the structural units of the metasurfaces. By changing the polarization of the incident light, dynamic switching between two caustic beams is obtained. Compared to the traditional methods, the simple design method can provide a very compact device overcoming some limitations of the traditional methods for generating vector caustic beams. The results can be used for potential applications in integrated optics, polarization optics, dynamic beam shaping, biosensing, and micro-particle manipulation.
Phase-only pulse shaper for multi-octave light sources
Authors: di Pietro Vittorio Maria , Bux Simone , Forget Nicolas , Jullien Aurélie
Published: December 2019

Continuous spectral phase shaping is demonstrated over a spectral bandwidth spanning from 540 nm to 2500 nm (450 THz) with a modulation dynamic large enough to shape single-cycle pulses or even transient electric fields in the near infrared.
Microwave scattering-absorption properties of a lightweight all-dielectric coding metamaterial based on TiO2/CNTs
Authors: Wu Zhuang , Zhang Zilong , Chen Xiqiao , Feng Fan , Zhang Lei , Lv Yangyang , He Yaoyi , Zou Yanhong
Published: December 2019

The all-dielectric coding metamaterial is obtained by encoding the unit structures constructed of conventional absorbing material. The combined effects of absorption and scattering to electromagnetic waves provide noteworthy application in reducing the radar cross section (RCS). In this Letter, utilizing the

T
i
O

2

/

C
N
T
s

material, we designed two types of hollow dielectric elements and coded them in a checkerboard format after calculation and analysis. The experimental results manifest that the frequency range where the RCS reduction is less than

−

10

d
B

covers from 5.3 to 18 GHz. The design of the hollow structure and the selection of low-density material make the all-dielectric coding metamaterial a small surface density. Additionally, the design of coding the all-dielectric elements will have potential application in radar stealth.
Exploding soliton in an anomalous-dispersion fiber laser
Authors: Wei Zhi-Wei , Liu Meng , Ming Shu-Xian , Cui Hu , Luo Ai-Ping , Xu Wen-Cheng , Luo Zhi-Chao
Published: December 2019

In this Letter, we report an experimental observation of coherent soliton explosions in an anomalous-dispersion fiber laser. Specifically, by taking advantage of dispersive Fourier transformation method, some remarkable spectral signatures of soliton explosions in anomalous-dispersion regime are highlighted, such as the spectral collapse, destruction of Kelly sidebands, and transient soliton molecules. Our results give new insights into the soliton explosions dynamics in ultrafast fiber lasers.
Scattering mechanism for quadratic evolution of depolarization
Authors: Germer Thomas A.
Published: December 2019

It was recently demonstrated theoretically that when the polarimetric properties of a material depend only upon the direction transverse to that of propagation (long coherence length regime), depolarization in transmission evolves quadratically with material thickness. This behavior was observed in several experimental studies. However, some of these studies unlikely satisfy the long coherence length condition under which the theory applies. Here, we demonstrate that abandoning a unidirectional approach to the propagation of light through a medium, i.e., introducing scatter, causes quadratic depolarization to occur in the short coherence length regime.
Microbiome Diagnostics
Authors: Schlaberg Robert
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND

During the past decade, breakthroughs in sequencing technology and computational biology have provided the basis for studies of the myriad ways in which microbial communities (“microbiota”) in and on the human body influence human health and disease. In almost every medical specialty, there is now a growing interest in accurate and replicable profiling of the microbiota for use in diagnostic and therapeutic application.

CONTENT

This review provides an overview of approaches, challenges, and considerations for diagnostic applications borrowing from other areas of molecular diagnostics, including clinical metagenomics. Methodological considerations and evolving approaches for microbiota profiling from mitochondrially encoded 16S rRNA-based amplicon sequencing to metagenomics and metatranscriptomics are discussed. To improve replicability, at least the most vulnerable steps in testing workflows will need to be standardized and continuous efforts needed to define QC standards. Challenges such as purity of reagents and consumables, improvement of reference databases, and availability of diagnostic-grade data analysis solutions will require joint efforts across disciplines and with manufacturers.

The body of literature supporting important links between the microbiota at different anatomic sites with human health and disease is expanding rapidly and therapeutic manipulation of the intestinal microbiota is becoming routine. The next decade will likely see implementation of microbiome diagnostics in diagnostic laboratories to fully capitalize on technological and scientific advances and apply them in routine medical practice.
Coincidence or Construct
Authors: AZIZ ABDUL
Published: December 2019

How South Asian Muslims Have Become The Other in Space and Time
HIGH STRAIN-RATE COMPRESSIVE TESTING OF FILLING MATERIALS FOR INTER-PENETRATING PHASE COMPOSITES
Authors: Doktor Tomáš , Fíla Tomáš , Zlámal Petr , Kytýř Daniel , Jiroušek Ondřej
Published: December 2019

In this study behavior of the selected types of filling material for the inter-penetrating phase composites was tested in compressive loading mode at low and high strain-rates. Three types of the filling material were tested, (i) ordnance gelatin, (ii) low expansion polyurethane foam, and (iii) polyurethane putty. To evaluate their impact energy absorption bulk samples of the selected materials were tested in compression loading mode at strain-rates 1000 s−1 to 4000 s−1. The high strain-rate compressive loading was provided by Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) which was equipped with PMMA bars to enable testing of cellular materials with low mechanical impedance. Based on the comparative measurement response to compression at both low and high strain-rates was analysed. The results show a significant strain-rate sensitivity of the ordnance gelatin and of the polyurethane putty, while strain-rate effect in the polyurethane foam was not observed.
DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF REACTION FORCES DURING FAST DYNAMIC LOADING
Authors: Falta Jan , Adorna Marcel , Fíla Tomáš , Zlámal Petr
Published: December 2019

The presented paper is focused on embedding of the serially manufactured piezo-electric impact loadcell into Open Hopkinson Pressure Bar (OHPB) and it’s modifications for a direct force measurement during dynamic loading. Conventionally, during the SHPB test dynamic force equilibrium is investigated by a comparison of the transmitted signal wave and the difference between the incident, reflected and transmitted signals measured by strain gauges [1]. However, in the experiments with specimens with low mechanical impedance, a major portion of the incident wave is reflected back on the interface between the bar and the specimen. Comparison between two-large amplitude incident and reflected pulse and a small-amplitude transmitted pulse can be influenced by large error and resulting force equilibrium can be inaccurate. Therefore, a piezo-electric quartz impact force transducer was used to directly measure the axial forces in the vicinity of the specimen end surfaces.
STRAIN-RATE AND PRINTING DIRECTION DEPENDENCY OF COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR OF 3D PRINTED STAINLESS STEEL 316L
Authors: Neuhäuserová Michaela , Koudelka Petr , Falta Jan , Adorna Marcel , Fíla Tomáš , Zlámal Petr
Published: December 2019

The paper is focused on evaluation of the relation between mechanical properties of 3D printed stainless steel 316L-0407 and printing direction (i.e. the orientation of the part which is being printed in the manufacturing device) subjected to compressive loading at diﬀerent strain-rates. In order to evaluate the strain rate dependency of the 3D printed material’s compressive characteristics, dynamic and quasi-static experiments were performed. Three sets of bulk specimens were produced, each having a diﬀerent printing orientation with respect to the powder bed plane (vertical, horizontal and tilted). To assess the deformation behaviour of the 3D printed material, compressive stress-strain diagrams and compressive yield strength and tangent modulus were evaluated.
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF MICRO-LATTICE STRUCTURES BY MULTIPHOTON LITHOGRAPHY
Authors: Wimmer Markus , Major Zoltan
Published: December 2019

The paper describes the possibilities of additive manufacturing with multiphoton lithography. The basis of this technology is that a laser beam (with a certain wavelength) is ﬁred into the mixture of a monomer and a photo-initiator. When the energy of the laser is high enough, the latter acts as a catalyser for the polymerization of the monomer compound. This study focuses on the inﬂuences of certain parameters of the multiphoton lithography process. One of the important aspects is the choice of the solvent for the post processing. In sequence to the solvent problem, the inﬂuence of the layer height is examined. Furthermore the limits and possibilities of the setup in use are investigated. As an example the diﬀerences in fabrication with the laser ﬁring with "constant frequency" and "constant density" were subject of this investigation. The second goal of the study was to compare three diﬀerent structures consisting of periodically repeating elements, scaled in size and number of elements per side.
Ashanti Pioneer: Coverage of Growing Political Developments in the Gold Coast, 1946–1949
Authors: Hargrove Jarvis L.
Published: December 2019

In 1939, John and Nancy Tsiboe, operators of Abura Printing Works, began the Ashanti Pioneer in Kumasi, just as World War II was getting underway. As the War came to an end, the newspaper shifted its news coverage from the War to nationalist movements within the country and the eventual start of political parties. This article highlights the numerous stories devoted to the nationalist movement, the emergence of political parties, and the eventual calls for independence. This article shows how the Ashanti Pioneer played a substantial role in spreading information regarding these new political parties formed at the conclusion of World War II, namely the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) led by J. B. Danquah and the Convention’s People’s Party (CPP) led by Kwame Nkrumah.
Uneasy Comrades: Postcolonial Statecraft, Race, and Citizenship, Ghana-Soviet Relations, 1957–1966
Authors: Osei-Opare Nana
Published: December 2019

This article tells a new history of the Cold War, of Ghana’s early post-colonial foreign policy, and the formation of Ghana’s national identity through its diplomatic, economic, and migratory relationship with the USSR during Kwame Nkrumah’s government (1957–66). Through examining English and Russian sources from American, British, Ghanaian, and Russian archives, this article offers three arguments. First, by analyzing Soviet anxieties over its role in Ghanaian affairs, the article shows that Ghana significantly controlled the economic and diplomatic contours and pace of its relationship with the USSR. Second, that discourses of race and neocolonialism were more central to defining the terms of Ghana’s geopolitical positioning than the Cold War framework. Third, the virulent racism Ghanaians experienced in the United States and USSR helped forge a global Ghanaian national consciousness. The article illuminates an independent black state’s attempts to procure sovereignty against a white supremacist economic and political international order and calls for Cold War scholars to engage seriously with African archives alongside non-African ones to create more dynamic, representational historical accounts.
História e vida: andando pelos ‘tristes subúrbios’ cariocas
Authors: Reis da Silva Lima Lurian José
Published: December 2019

BELCHIOR, Pedro. Tristes subúrbios: literatura, cidade e memória em Lima Barreto (1881-1922). Rio de Janeiro: Eduff, 2017, 224 p.
A wide spectrum of antibacterial activity of secondary metabolites from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ELI149
Authors: Estibaliz Sansinenea  , Vaca Jessica , Rojas Norma Elena , Vázquez Candelario
Published: December 2019

A highly potent secondary metabolites-producing Bacillus strain was isolated from Mexican soil (Puebla State), together with other fifty strains. The fifty-one strains were subjected for metabolites extraction and evaluated as antibacterial against several bacteria. The active metabolites of these strains were extracted using amberlite XAD16 absorbent resin. The antibacterial activity of crude extracts of all strains was performed by disk diffusion method against some pathogenic gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. Among all Bacillus strains tested, the most potent strain ELI149 (NRB) was selected for molecular characterization. The nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene (1.5 Kb) of this strain evidenced a 94% similarity with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain IIHR-Ba-2, which showed the highest inhibition against the most bacteria probed even greater inhibition than the standard antibiotic. In conclusion, secondary metabolites extracted from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain are highly potent as antibiotic against the most bacteria probed. Identification of which metabolites extracted from amberlite are the responsible of the bacteria growth inhibition will be a challenge.
Quality of life of elders in the primary health care in Uberaba, MG
Authors: Nardelli Giovanna Gaudenci , Gaudenci Eliana Maria , Da Silveira Rodrigo Eurípedes , Santos Álvaro da Silva , Ribeiro Camila Cristina Neves Romanato , Haack Karla Rafaela
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to evaluate social and economic predictors, as well social behavior and its influence on the quality of life of elders who use the primary health care network of Uberaba, Minas Gerais. Methods: Descriptive, exploratory, cross-sectional and quantitative study, conducted with 248 60 year old or older subjects, from November 2016 to May 2017. A structured questionnaire was applied to evaluate sociodemographic data, health conditions and life habits as well the WHOQOL-Bref and the WHOQOL-Old. The analysis were conducted through relative frequencies and t-test as well multiple linear regression were used to associate variables. The study was approved by the Committee of Ethics in Researches with Human Beings of the Federal University of the Triângulo Mineiro (CEP/UFTM). Results: Most elders were women, catholic, with 4 years or more of formal education, had partners, a sexually inactive life, and were retired. The linear regression analysis, found a positive and light or moderate association between sexual life and the physical, social, and environmental domains, and the past, present and future activities facet. The educational level variable had a positive and light association with the psychological domain, whereas the variable occupation had a negative and light association with the death and dying facet. Conclusions: The results found show an important social impact regarding the studied population, making it clear that public policies should be created and executed as to offer subsidies for actions which are specifically targeted at the QoL of elders.
La metodología aprendizaje-servicio desde el enfoque de educación para la ciudadanía global
Authors: Redondo Jiménez Pablo
Published: December 2019

El ApS es una propuesta que reconcilia el mundo educativo con la dimensión social para realizar propuestas coherentes y articuladas para el alumnado. Entreculturas desarrolla proyectos de aprendizaje-servicio (ApS) como herramienta pedagógica de promoción de la educación para la ciudadanía global favoreciendo la inclusión de contenidos sociales en las asignaturas de ámbito universitario y formación profesional. A lo largo de este artículo abordamos el origen y fundamentación del aprendizaje-servicio, al tiempo que analizamos ejemplos de proyectos y actividades de ApS ya existentes.
Thomas C. Schelling dans les sciences sociales
Authors: Frozel Barros Natália , Motta Alessio
Published: December 2019

Par ses travaux et sa position à partir des années 1950 dans différentes institutions publiques états-uniennes et think tanks comme la RAND Corporation, Thomas Schelling a été un conseiller indirect du prince dont le rôle fut peut-être décisif dans le plus important événement de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, « [the] one that did not occur ». Notre planète n’est pas devenue le théâtre d’une guerre nucléaire entre grandes puissances.
Morphophysiological aspects of young Calotropis procera plants submitted to different shading levels
Authors: Ribeiro João Everthon da Silva , Figueiredo Francisco Romário Andrade , Coêlho Ester dos Santos , Albuquerque Manoel Bandeira de
Published: December 2019

The silk flower (Calotropis procera) is a plant found practically in the whole Northeast region of Brazil and can be used for several purposes. However, its morphophysiological characteristics may be influenced by the degree of brightness. This study aimed to evaluate the morphophysiological behavior of silk flower under different shading levels. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse belonging to the Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments and eight repetitions. The treatments used were different shading levels: 0 (full sun), 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% of shading. Growth characteristics, morphofunctional attributes, gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence were evaluated. The data were submitted to analysis of variance by the F-test, and in cases of significance, a polynomial regression analysis was performed. The best result for the plant height was found at the shading level of 68.4%. Gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence variables presented higher values in the levels of higher light availability. Silk flower plants grow best under full sun conditions. Shading negatively affects the gas exchange and quantum efficiency of silk flower plants.
GeoTAB: Identificação dos biomas e da vegetação na região de atuação da Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros
Authors: Nogueira Junior Lauro Rodrigues , Dompieri Márcia Helena Galina , Cruz Marcus Aurélio Soares
Published: December 2019

Conhecer as características fitofisionômicas da vegetação nativa de uma região é fundamental para o planejamento de políticas públicas e programas de conservação e uso sustentável da vegetação, bem como para tomadas de decisões de cunho social, político, jurídico, econômico e ambiental. A região de atuação da Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros abrange 21,95 milhões de hectares em sete estados ao longo da costa atlântica do Nordeste brasileiro. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar os biomas e o tipo de vegetação dessa região, de acordo com normas do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). As informações foram obtidas a partir de dados do IBGE disponibilizados em 2018 e 2019 no formato vetorial, na escala de 1:250.000, e de dados de publicações técnicas e científicas disponíveis em base de dados digitais e em publicações impressas. A Mata Atlântica (63%) e a Caatinga (37%) são os dois biomas presentes na área de estudo. Considerando a vegetação pretérita, as formações vegetais identificadas foram: Floresta com 52,11%; Savana-estépica com 23,05%; Áreas de contato com 14,64%; Áreas de Formações Pioneiras com 4,92%; Savana com 1,37%; Campinarana com 0,02% e áreas indiscriminadas somaram 3,89%. Em 2017, 77% da área de estudo estava antropizada, restando apenas 4,14% de florestas naturais. Considera-se que pesquisas e políticas públicas relacionadas à regularização e fiscalização ambiental devem voltar-se para a preservação dos remanescentes de florestas naturais e a recomposição de florestas nativas em áreas estratégicas dentro dos imóveis rurais do Cadastro Ambiental Rural.
Sendromsuz hastalarda çok sayıda süpernümerer diş: İki olgu sunumu
Authors: Çetin Bilgün , Doğan Fatma Büşra , Akgünlü Faruk
Published: December 2019

İlave
dişler, 20 adet süt ve 32 adet daimi dişe ek olarak gelişen diş ya da diş
benzeri yapıları tanımlamak için kullanılmaktadır. Süpernümerer de denen bu
ilave dişlerin çevresel ve genetik etkilerle oluştuğu düşünülse de etyolojisi
tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Çoklu süpernümerer dişler genelde kleidokranial
displazi, Gardner sendromu ve Cruzon sendromu gibi çeşitli sendromlara sahip
bireylerde gözlenmektedir. Sendrom ile ilişkili olmayan ve çok sayıda
süpernümerer dişe sahip vakalar oldukça nadir gözlenmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu
makalede hiçbir sendromu bulunmayan iki adet çoklu süpernümerer dişe sahip
olgunun sunumu amaçlanmıştır. İlk olguda; 27 yaşında erkek hastada bir adet
sürmüş altı adet gömülü olmak üzere yedi adet süpernümerer diş tespit edildi. İkinci
olguda; 23 yaşında erkek hastada beş adet sürmüş yedi adet gömülü toplam on iki
tane süpernümerer diş saptanmıştır.
Effect of anatomical location (mandible vs maxilla) of dental implants on the BMP-2, BMP-7, sRANKL and OPG levels in periimplant crevicular fluid during osseointegration. A pilot study
Authors: SAĞLAM Mehmet , DOLANMAZ Doğan , KOÇAK Emrah , POYRAZ Burcu , İNAN Özgür , DÜNDAR Niyazi , HAKKI Sema
Published: December 2019

Background:The aim of this study was to investigate
levels of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), BMP-7, soluble receptor
activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (sRANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the
peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) of  implants placed in both maxilla and mandible
during the osseointegration period.Methods:Thirty-three patients (17 females and 16
males; mean age 47.03±11.23 years) were included in this study. A total of 33
implants were placed in both of maxilla (Group 1/n=18) and mandible (group
2/n=15). Peri-implant
crevicular fluid (PICF) samples, modified plaque index (MPI), gingival index
(GI) and probing depth (PD) measurements were obtained at 1 and 3 months after
surgery. PICF levels of BMP-2/-7, sRANKL and OPG were analyzed by ELISA.Results:No complications were observed during
the healing period. No significant differences were observed in the PICF
levels of sRANKL, OPG, BMP-2 and BMP-7 and evaluated clinical parameters between
groups at any time point (p>0.05). While PICF volume of group 2 was greater
than group 1 at first month, PICF volume of group 1 was greater than group 2 at
3 months (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between sRANKL
levels and PICF volume (p<0.05) and a strong correlation between BMP-2 and
BMP-7 (p<0.01).Conclusions:The results of this pilot study didn’t
show any significant difference in PICF levels of BMP-2, BMP-7, sRANKL, and OPG
in terms of anatomic location of dental implants. Further well-designed studies should be carried
out to evaluate the relationship between bone related biomarkers and anatomic
location of dental implants.
Eskişehir İlindeki Çocuklarda Diş Çürüğü ve Florozis Görülme Sıklığının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Egemen Elmas , TÜLOĞLU Nuray
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, Eskişehir
ilindeki çocuklarda diş çürüğü ve dental florozis görülme sıklığının
değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Ayrıca dental florozisin etiyolojik faktörleri ve dental
florozis görülme sıklığının diş çürüğü ile ilişkisi de değerlendirildi. 

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmaya, Eskişehir ilindeki 8-12 yaş arasındaki
toplam 4936 çocuk dahil edildi. Diş çürüğünün değerlendirilmesinde dft/DMFT
indeksi, dental florozisin değerlendirilmesinde ise Thylstrup-Fejerskov İndeksi
kullanıldı. Ayrıca çocukların ebeveynleri tarafından dental florozise neden
olabileceği öne sürülen etiyolojik faktörleri içeren anamnez formu dolduruldu.
Kullanılan içme sularının florür konsantrasyonları iyon kromatografi cihazı
kullanılarak tespit edildi. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel
değerlendirmesinde Mann Whitney-U Testi, Kruskal Wallis Testi ve Spearman
Korelasyon testi kullanıldı.

Bulgular:Araştırmaya katılan çocukların
ortalama DMFT değeri 2.18±2.00, dental florozis görülme sıklığı ise % 1.9
olarak belirlendi. Dental florozis görülme sıklığı ile ilçeler arasında anlamlı
bir fark olduğu (p<0.001) ve en yüksek dental florozis görülme oranının
sudaki florür konsantrasyonunun optimum dozun üzerinde olan Çifteler ilçesinde
(% 15.2) olduğu saptandı. Dental florozis görülmesi ile diş çürüğü arasında
negatif korelasyon olduğu tespit edildi (p<0.01). Ayrıca anne/babanın eğitim
düzeyi, doğumdan itibaren aynı bölgede yaşaması, anne sütü ile beslenme süresi,
içme suyunun tipi, okulda kullanılan suyun tipi, macun tipi ile çocukta dental
florozis görülme sıklığı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlendi
(p<0.05).

Sonuçlar: Sonuç olarak, dental florozis görülmesinde içme suyundaki
florür konsantrasyonunun yanı sıra anne sütü ile beslenme süresi ve kullanılan
macun tipi gibi diğer faktörlerin de rol oynadığı ve dental florozis
önlenmesinde tüm etiyolojik faktörlerin gözönünde bulundurulması gerektiğini
düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuk, Dental Florozis, Diş Çürüğü, Eskişehir