bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La gestion des images en WLangage sur le CDN Cloudflare
Authors:   Université Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY (Côte d’Ivoire), KOUASSI Kpa Yao Raoul
Published: February 2025

La gestion des images et des vidéos du CDN Cloudflare peut se faire avec les API images et vidéos de Cloudflare. Suivant les structures des API images et vidéos, elles obéissent à des règles qui n’autorisent pas les POST multiples par exemple. De plus, tout semble se limiter au web ou aux applications fonctionnelles alors que ces limites sont surmontables. Avec le WLangage, la gestion des images et des vidéos du CDN Cloudflare est très pratique et multiplateforme. Le WLangage permet de surmonter la limitation des API de Cloudflare pour les cas de POST multiples. De plus, le WLangage permet d’utiliser les mêmes codes à la fois pour profiter de manière efficiente des API de Cloudflare dans plusieurs types d’environnement (web, desktop, mobile) ou sur des applications non encore totalement achevées. Nous montrons à travers des codes uniquement écrits en WLangage que les API images et vidéos de Cloudflare ont une grande portée et des possibilités énormes ; ce qui fait aussi du WLangage, un langage pratique et exceptionnel qui facilite le développement multiplateforme, avec une vitesse plus rapide.
Le Mouvement big data et éthique avec Habermas
Authors:   Université Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY (Côte d’Ivoire), NIANGORAN Adjo Apolline
Published: February 2025

La présente contribution exprime une inquiétude concernant le Mouvement big data dans le monde actuel. En effet, l’une des principales préoccupations est la protection de la vie privée. En effet, les grandes quantités de données collectées sur les individus peuvent être utilisées pour surveiller leur comportement, leurs préférences et même perdre leurs actions futures. À l’évidence, ceci conduit à une surveillance de masse où les individus perdent leur anonymat et leur liberté. L’objectif est donc de montrer comment les Big Data rendent les personnes nues, transparentes et vulnérables. Il faudrait alors une éthique pour orienter les Big Data.
Les médias dits « traditionnels » à l’épreuve du déploiement du numérique : quel enjeu ?
Authors:   Université Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY (Côte d’Ivoire), N’DOUA Kouassi Clément
Published: February 2025

On assiste au déclin progressif des médias traditionnels, notamment la presse papier payante qui a perdu depuis plusieurs décennies le monopole de l’information collective au profit du numérique. La présence du numérique a bouleversé notre manière de consommer l’information dans notre époque contemporaine. Avec le numérique, l’information est à la portée de tous et n’est plus la chasse gardée d’aucun média. Pour une plus grande visibilité et une meilleure audience, les médias traditionnels doivent exploiter l’opportunité qu’offre le numérique afin de gagner en notoriété et en profit. Les médias traditionnels sont invités à saisir cette opportunité pour une meilleure visibilité dans notre ère au risque de disparaître.
La recherche médicale et le Big Data
Authors:   Université Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY (Côte d’Ivoire), KOUASSI Kpa Yao Raoul
Published: February 2025

La recherche médicale avance avec les développements des techniques et des sciences. Ici, nous avons voulu partir de la recherche médicale réalisée chez Semmelweis. Les travaux de Semmelweis ont permis des avancées scientifiques et épistémologiques qui vont révéler leurs limites et la possibilité de les dépasser avec la prise en compte du Big Data. Grâce à la méthode synthétique kantienne, nous avons étendu les possibilités de la recherche médicale empirique par la recherche médicale transformatrice du Big Data. Le Big Data n’est pas seulement une technologie des données anonymes, il peut aussi servir à étendre la recherche médicale et lui donner une véritable assise scientifique, entendue ici comme la transformation de la recherche médicale.
Assessing the degree of territorial embeddedness among population subgroups: a first proposal
Authors: Rimoldi Stefania Maria Lorenza , Benassi Federico
Published: February 2025

In studies examining the settlement patterns of foreign communities within a region, the primary aim often involves assessing the level of spatial segregation compared to the native population. However, such analyses typically overlook the assessment of the historical presence of these communities in the region. Particularly with small-sized communities, their long-standing presence in the region becomes a significant factor in characterizing both the community and the region itself. This permanence can be seen as a form of embeddedness. It's important to note that the duration of a subgroup's presence in the population may not align with the individual members' length of stay. In some cases, while individual members may have short stays, the community as a whole may maintain a consistent presence over time due to ongoing turnover. To address this aspect, we propose an index that measures the permanence of a population subgroup within a region over a specified time interval, relying solely on its total balance, observed during that period. This index could serve as a straightforward measure of population stability or rootedness, capturing only the overall gains or losses (in terms of time) within the subgroup rather than focusing on the separate contribution of births, deaths, immigration, and emigration. This index is complemented by the evaluation of its uncertainty, by assuming the goodness of the indicator is based on the stationarity of the historical series of values computed on the sub-periods. To support the utility of this index, we apply it to population subgroups categorized by citizenship in the Metropolitan Area of Milan
Deep Learning-Based Defect Detection in Photovoltaic Panels
Authors: Liu Lele
Published: February 2025

The defect issues of photovoltaic solar panels are closely related to their efficiency and reliability. To enhance the efficiency and accuracy of defect detection in photovoltaic solar panels, this paper proposes an improved YOLOv8 model for this purpose. The improved C2f module, C2f-MS, is utilized to replace part of the original C2f structure in the model, which not only reduces the computational complexity and parameter count of the model but also enhances the extraction and fusion capabilities of multi-scale features. Additionally, NWD is incorporated into the existing CIOU to improve the detection performance for small targets, making the model's detection capabilities more balanced across various target sizes. Soft-NMS is employed to replace NMS, mitigating the issue of multiple detection boxes for a single target. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved YOLOv8 model achieves enhanced detection accuracy while reducing both the parameter count and computational complexity.
Influence of Religious Beliefs and Hopefulness on Women’s Stay in Abusive Marriages in Kiambu Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Njama Ruth Wanjiku , Kaaria Zipporah , Kivanguli Gregory
Published: February 2025

This study sought to assess the influence of religious beliefs and hopefulness on women’s stay in abusive marriages in Kiambu Sub-County, Kenya. The study employed a mixed method approach under descriptive survey design. Respondents were drawn from half-way home called ‘safe spaces’ in Kiambu Sub-County; and Census method was used to recruit 38 women sheltered in ‘safe spaces’ home. The respondents filled in questionnaires and participated in focused group discussions (FGDs). Data were analysed descriptively utilizing means, standard deviations, proportions and percentages. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS v.25. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied in assessing how the variables of the study related. Quantitative findings were presented in tables and figures. Qualitative results were analyzed in themes and reported verbatim. Findings indicated that women’s religious beliefs had an impact on whether or not they stayed in abusive marital unions as most were not ready to quit their marriages due to their religious beliefs (mean = 4.27) and their hopefulness for better times ahead (mean = 4.27). Further, a statistically notable and positive connection existed between the women’s religious beliefs and their stay in abusive marriages (β = 0.712, p<0.05), and between women’s hopefulness and their stay in abusive marriages (β = 0.769, p<0.05). The study recommends that empowerment initiatives for women to deal with abusive marriages should give due consideration to and incorporate the affected women’s religious beliefs and hopefulness attributes in seeking solutions to their marital challenges.
Influence of Principals’ Innovation on Financial Management in Secondary Schools in Meru County, Kenya
Authors: Mungai Sarah Njeri , Mwirichia Severina , Gichohi Paul
Published: February 2025

Principals’ receptivity to innovative ways of running the operations of their institutions should be based on methods that minimize costs, save time and allow excellence. However, there is inadequate financial resources that disallow adequate use of digital resources in secondary schools. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of principals’ receptivity to innovation on financial management in secondary schools in Meru County, Kenya. The study used descriptive research design, and targeted a population of 389 secondary schools. The study used simple random sampling method to get a sample of 117 secondary schools. It further used purposive sampling method to obtain 117 principals. The study used drop and pick method to administer questionnaires to the respondents. Piloting of research instruments was done in twelve secondary schools in Tharaka Nithi County. The study analysed quantitative data using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and mean. It also carried out correlation analysis to test hypothesis. The results revealed that 80(92%) were in agreement on a mean of 4.93 that donors and sponsors were more convinced in investing their financial resources in the schools. However, 66(76%) were not in agreement on a mean of 2.82 that the school had made plans to ensure that all departments adopted various technological and social innovation. The Pearson correlation coefficient was r=0.286** at α < 0.000 and 99% significance level, hence as a positive influence; thereby rejected the null hypothesis. The study concluded that digitalization was only used by the management, while departments required to prepare departmental budgets manually. This slowed the process of decision making for the principals. The study recommended that the ministry of education considers increasing annual funding for secondary schools. Principals should also explain to the management boards the need to digitalize the whole school as opposed to a few departments.
Устоз фаолияти ҳақида
Authors: Тошбоев Фуркат
Published: February 2025

Устоз фаолияти ҳақида
ҚЎТИРБУЛОҚ ЁДГОРЛИГИНИНГ ЛЕВАЛЛУА ТЕҲНОЛОГИЯСИ АСОСИДА ЯСАЛГАН ТОШ ҚУРОЛЛАРИ
Authors: Имомов Азиз
Published: February 2025

Маълумки, 1971 йилда Ю. Ф. Буряков раҳбарлигидаги Ўрта Зарафшон археологик гуруҳи томониданҚўтирбулоқ ва Зирабулоқ топилмажойлари аниқланган. Ёдгорликлар 1971–1972-йил мавсумида Н. Х.Тошкенбоев томонидан ўрганилган. Экспедициянинг асосий эътибори Қўтирбулоқни ўрганишга қаратил-ди, негаки, Зирабулоқнинг маданий қатламлари ўрта асрлардаёқ қурилиш ишлари натижасида бузилганэди. Қўтирбулоқ макони Самарқанддан 100 км шимолий-шарқда, Зирабулоқ тоғлари этакларида жойлаш-ган. Ёдгорликнинг 165 м2 майдонида қазишма ишлари олиб борилган ва унинг чегарасини аниқлаш учункўплаб қазилмалар амалга оширилган.Мустақиллик даврида Қўтирбулоқ ёдгорлигида Ўзбекистон–Польша (1994-1995 йиллар), Ўзбекистон-Рос-сия (2002 йилда) халқаро ҳамкор экспедициялари томонидан тадқиқотлар амалга оширилган.Мазкур мақола ХХ асрнинг 70- ва 90-йиллардаги Қўтирбулоқ ёдгорлигидан қазиб олинган тош буюмларорасидаги леваллуа технологик компонентнининг тадқиқотига бағишланган. Ёдгорликда леваллуа техни-касининг ҳар учала вариантлари (леваллуа учиринди, тиғ ва пластина) ҳам ҳукм сурганлиги аниқланди.Уларнинг миқдорий кўрсатгичлари Қўтирбулоқни ўрта палеолитнинг леваллуа фациясига киритиш им-конини беради.
ДВЕ СЕРЕБРЯНЫЕ РАННЕСОГДИЙСКИЕ МОНЕТЫ НОВОГО ТИПА (ПОСЛЕДНЯЯ ЧЕТВЕРТЬ III – НАЧАЛО IV ВВ. Н.Э.)
Authors: Атаходжаев Анвар , Наймарк Александр
Published: February 2025

Два года назад японский коллекционер Синдзи Хирано опубликовал информацию о монете,найденной в Самаркандской области вместе с другим аналогичным экземпляром. Хотя инфор-мации о второй монете у нас нет, нам удалось ее сфотографировать. По размерам и иконогра-фии изображения на аверсе этих монет можно сказать, что они очень близки к изображениюправителя на самаркандских стрельчатых монетах, отчеканенных в третий раз (последняя чет-верть III в. – начало IV века нашей эры). В круговой надписи на реверсе монет идентифициру-ются только 4 из 7 символов, которые имеют сходство с упомянутыми выше самаркандскимистрельчатыми монетами третьего тиража в согдийской палеографии конца III – начала IV вв.век н. э. Наконец, эти монеты по металлу и весу очень похожи на выделенные самаркандскиемонеты. Исходя из места находки и всего сходства, можно предположить, что эти две монетычеканились в Самаркандском Согде в течение короткого периода времени в конце III – началеIV вв. н. э. Также в центре обратной стороны монеты находится штамп, в точности похожий наштампы, которые начали печатать на «ранних чачских монетах» с начала V века.
«ВОСТОЧНЫЙ ПРИГОРОД» ГОРОДИЩА БОЛЬШАЯ КЫРК-КЫЗ-КАЛА
Authors: Торениязов Азизхан , Болелов Сергей , Мамедов Абдулла
Published: February 2025

В статье приводятся результаты археологических работ на поселении к востоку от городища Большая Кырк-кыз-кала, расположенного в Элликкалинском районе Республики Каракалпакстан. Здесь на протяжении нескольких сезонов ведет археологические исследования Южно-Приаральская Каракалпакско-Российская комплексная археологическая экспедиция. В полевой сезон 2023 года экспедиция провела раскопки на нескольких участках. Первый отряд начал сезон раскопок на поселении к востоку от городища, в результате визуального осмотра местности стены поселения стало очевидно, что сохранились в виде небольших всхолмлений. В ходе раскопочных работ в поселении «Восточный пригород» были получены весьма интересные результаты, которые могут служить весомыми фактами в изучении истории городища. Раскопки показали, что поселение имеет длинную стену, которая вполне могла выполнять роль оборонительной стены, также там были двор и помещение. Стены поселения плохо сохранились, во дворе и в помещении были обнаружены развалы керамических сосудов древнехорезмийского периода (IV–II вв. до н. э.). На поверхности поселения местами можно наблюдать фрагменты керамики, останцы горнов и шлаков. Был раскопан один из горнов вблизи проложенного раскопа, который по керамическому материалу можно датировать древнехорезмийским периодом.
DEVELOPMENT OF LOGISTICS AND TRADE, THE IMPACT OFINTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDORS ON THE ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT OF STATES
Authors: Davron JURAEV  , Mahir JALALOV
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the concept, goals of creation and general characteristics of international transport corridors. The authors provide a brief description of the prerequisites for the formation and development of international transport corridors and also consider the contribution of international transport corridors to the development of the national economy of the states participating in the transport system in terms of micro andmacroeconomic indicators.
Education as Morals in Dewey’s Philosophy
Authors: Friedman Robin
Published: February 2025

This article explores Dewey's understanding of the nature of education through three seminal works written over a 32-year period. In Democracy and Education (1916) Dewey developed a concept of education which can be understood through two German words for education, Erziehung and Bildung. Through considering the approach to these concepts by two Dewey scholars, Gert Biesta and Dietrich Benner, the first section of this article seeks to explore Dewey's understanding of education and its relationship to democracy. The second section of the article carries the study forward to Dewey's Human Nature and Conduct (1922) to show how Dewey conceived of education even more broadly and equated it with morals. The concepts of Erziehung and Bildung also are important in this section, as they are expanded to show that, for Dewey, education was a guide in how to live. The third section of the article expands the concept of education still further to view education as philosophy. This section discusses Dewey's book Experience and Education (1938) which he wrote in light of his metaphysical study Experience and Nature (1925). Dewey expanded his understanding of education beyond both Erziehung and Bildung and beyond morals to develop an understanding of education as based upon a philosophical consideration of experience. The goal of the article is to show the breadth of Dewey's understanding of education and to show how his view of education forms the basis of a broad philosophical view of life.
Studentų draugijų vaidmuo tarpukario Lietuvos pilietinėje visuomenėje
Authors: Butkus Martynas
Published: February 2025

Tarpukario Lietuvos pilietinė visuomenė pasižymėjo ryškiu ideologiniu susiskaldymu, plačiais pasaulėžiūrinių organizacijų tinklais bei veikimu autoritarizmo sąlygomis. Studentų organizacijos tapo svarbia šių draugijinių tinklų dalimi, o studentų įsitraukimas šalies draugijoms buvo rimta intelektualinė bei administracinė pagalba. Straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti tarpukario Vytauto Didžiojo universiteto studentų draugijinio gyvenimo bruožus ir jo vietą Lietuvos pilietinėje visuomenėje. Siekiant šio tikslo pirmiausia pristatoma, kaip kito VDU studentų draugijų ir jų narių skaičius, kaip jos skirstėsi pagal savo pobūdį ir pasaulėžiūrą, kuo universiteto draugijų reglamentavimas skyrėsi nuo bendrųjų šalies įstatymų. Galiausiai straipsnyje bandoma atskleisti aukštą studentų organizuotumą lėmusias priežastis, visuomenės lūkesčius studentams ir pagrindines studentų pilietiškumo raiškos sritis.
Peculiarities of parental education in Russia (USSR) (1980s to present time): historical and pedagogical analysis
Authors: Chik Sergey
Published: February 2025

The subject of the research is the pedagogical education of parents in Russia (USSR) (1980s to present time). The purpose of the article is to present in chronological order the main pedagogically significant events and facts, to identify key ideas and features of the implementation of pedagogical education of parents in different periods. There are three periods of parents education: the Soviet (from the 1980s to 1991), the post–Soviet (1992 - the end of the 2010s) and the modern (the end of 2010 to the present time). It is shown that the pedagogical education of parents in Russia has evolved from pedagogical universal education, popularization of Westernization, opposition to Westernization and traditional approaches, to familiarization with traditional Russian spiritual and moral values. Research methods: theoretical analysis of sources, comparative analysis, generalization. Research sources: normative legal acts in the field of education, upbringing, and the development of family relations, the works of teachers, psychologists, and publicists, the journal for parents "Family and School." During the Soviet period, official pedagogical universal education with a formal approach and party postulates, and separate practices based on Western ideas (attention to the feelings of the parent and positive child-parent communication) coexisted. The specific psychological and pedagogical knowledge needed by the parent did not fit well with the communist ideology. Testing and adapting Western ideas to the Soviet reality was difficult. In the post-Soviet period, educational programs implemented in schools and social protection institutions rely mainly on a traditional approach with a passive and often indifferent parent, but influencing the child. Western practices have not been fully understood and accepted by educators and psychologists. The modern period is characterized by the development of unified methodological and substantive approaches: the All-Russian conferences on family education and parental education "School of Gifted Parents" are held annually, the All-Russian competition of best practices in parental education, a project is being implemented in all regions of Russia to provide psychological, pedagogical, methodological and counseling services to parents, university psychological services are being created that provide psychological education of parents. Information and methodological support are being created, unified education programs for parents and specialists are being developed.
Dual transcranial electromagnetic stimulation of the precuneus-hippocampus network boosts human long-term memory
Authors: Borghi Ilaria , Mencarelli Lucia , Maiella Michele , Casula Elias P , Ferraresi Matteo , Candeo Francesca , Savastano Elena , Assogna Martina , Bonnì Sonia , Koch Giacomo
Published: February 2025

Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have the potential to improve memory functions. However, the results so far have been relatively modest and time-consuming. Here, we implemented a novel 3-minute combination of personalized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (intermittent theta burst-iTBS) coupled with simultaneous application of gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation (γtACS) over the precuneus, a brain area connected with the hippocampus, to modulate long term memory in healthy subjects. Only dual electromagnetic stimulation of the precuneus produced a consistent increase in long-term associative memory as compared to iTBS alone and sham conditions in a sample of healthy volunteers. The effects were replicated in another independent sample, in which the increased associative memory was retained for up to one week. Moreover, dual stimulation increased gamma oscillations and precuneus-hippocampus functional connectivity through the white matter tracts linking the precuneus with the temporal lobe. These findings show that dual stimulation may lead neuronal assemblies in a state favorable to enhance long-term plasticity and identify the precuneus as a key brain area involved in memory formation. Personalized dual electromagnetic stimulation of the precuneus-hippocampus network may represent a new powerful approach for enhancing memory functions in several healthy and clinical conditions.
Mechanism of dimer selectivity and binding cooperativity of BRAF inhibitors
Authors: Clayton Joseph , Romany Aarion , Matenoglou Evangelia , Gavathiotis Evripidis , Poulikakos Poulikos I , Shen Jana
Published: February 2025

Aberrant signaling of BRAFV600E is a major cancer driver. Current FDA-approved RAF inhibitors selectively inhibit the monomeric BRAFV600E and suffer from tumor resistance. Recently, dimer-selective and equipotent RAF inhibitors have been developed; however, the mechanism of dimer selectivity is poorly understood. Here, we report extensive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the monomeric and dimeric BRAFV600E in the apo form or in complex with one or two dimer-selective (PHI1) or equipotent (LY3009120) inhibitor(s). The simulations uncovered the unprecedented details of the remarkable allostery in BRAFV600E dimerization and inhibitor binding. Specifically, dimerization retrains and shifts the αC helix inward and increases the flexibility of the DFG motif; dimer compatibility is due to the promotion of the αC-in conformation, which is stabilized by a hydrogen bond formation between the inhibitor and the αC Glu501. A more stable hydrogen bond further restrains and shifts the αC helix inward, which incurs a larger entropic penalty that disfavors monomer binding. This mechanism led us to propose an empirical way based on the co-crystal structure to assess the dimer selectivity of a BRAFV600E inhibitor. Simulations also revealed that the positive cooperativity of PHI1 is due to its ability to preorganize the αC and DFG conformation in the opposite protomer, priming it for binding the second inhibitor. The atomically detailed view of the interplay between BRAF dimerization and inhibitor allostery as well as cooperativity has implications for understanding kinase signaling and contributes to the design of protomer selective RAF inhibitors.
Proteomics of stress-induced cardiomyopathy: insights from differential expression, protein interaction networks, and functional pathway enrichment in an isoproterenol-induced TTC mouse model
Authors: Tian Liuyang , Liu Botao , Ren Ying , Cui Jian , Pang Zhihua
Published: February 2025

Backgrounds

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC), also known as stress-induced cardiomyopathy, is a condition characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction without coronary artery obstruction.

Methods

We utilized label-free quantitative proteomics to analyze protein expression in a murine model of TTC, induced by a high dose of isoproterenol (ISO) injection.

Results

We found that a single high dose of ISO injection in mice could induce stress-related cardiac dysfunction.The proteomic analysis revealed 81 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the ISO and control groups—39 were upregulated, and 42 were downregulated. Key pathways enriched by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis included collagen fibril organization, cholesterol biosynthesis, and elastic fiber assembly. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment indicated significant changes in unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, and ferroptosis. Key hub proteins identified by the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network included Ntrk2, Fdft1, Serpine1, and Cyp1a1. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed upregulation in terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and ferroptosis, with downregulation in pathways such as systemic lupus erythematosus and Rap1 signaling.

Conclusions

This study employed high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify key proteins associated with energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death in TTC. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of stress-induced myocardial injury and may offer potential therapeutic targets for mitigating cardiovascular damage under stress conditions.
The Minimum Reduced Sombor Index of Unicyclic Graphs in Terms of the Girth
Authors: Nagarajan S. , Aswini B.
Published: February 2025

Aims: The paper investigates the Reduced Sombor Index () for unicyclic graphs. Specifically, it aims to determine and characterize the unicyclic graphs that attain the minimum  index among all unicyclic graphs of a given order.
Study Design: This is a theoretical mathematical study based on graph theory and topological indices. The study involves defining and analyzing the Reduced Sombor Index by comparing  values across different unicyclic graphs. Lemmas and theorems are proved to establish the minimum  index graph.
Methodology: Several graph transformation operations are analyzed. The study proves multiple lemmas that compare  values before and after transformations by demonstrating whether a specific structural modification increases or decreases the  value.
Results: The minimum  value in unicyclic graphs is achieved only by cycle graphs. Several lemmas prove that adding pendant vertices or modifying graph structure increases RSO. The final theorem establishes that for any unicyclic graph of order n,  with equality if and only if G is a cycle .
Conclusion: The study successfully characterizes unicyclic graphs with the minimum Reduced Sombor Index ). It establishes that cyclic graphs are the unique minimizers of the  index among unicyclic graphs. Any structural modification leading to non-cycle unicyclic graphs increases . The findings contribute to chemical graph theory by refining how topological indices behave in molecular graph models.
Isolation, Identification, and Characterization of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria from Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum) Rhizosphere
Authors: Vasava Divyesh , Pandya Aditi , Tiwari Sapna , Mishra Laxmina , Patel Bhavesh , Patel Narendra
Published: February 2025

The use of biofertilizers and biopesticides is the foundation of modern sustainable agricultural techniques. The rhizosphere of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) may provide rhizobacteria the ability to fertilize and repel pests. This research focused at the plant growth promotion (PGP) abilities of bacteria found in the rhizosphere of sugarcane. For example, how they solubilize phosphate, produce IAA, produce nitrogen, and help seeds sprout. Soil samples were taken from different types of sugarcane rhizosphere in the Ankleshwar area to obtain isolates. For further study and molecular identification using the 16S rRNA gene sequence, one strain of bacteria was picked because it could solubilize phosphate and produce IAA. This confirms the isolate's identity as Klebsiella pneumoniae. The isolate had a phosphate solubilization index of 2.11, and the PKVK broth gave off 91.34±2 μg/ml of phosphate, which was calculated. After 72 hours of incubation at room temperature, 61.54±2 μg/ml of IAA without tryptophan was generated. The test on seed germination showed that treating plants with Glycine max, Solanum melongena, Solanum lycopersicum, Capsicum annuum, and Oryza sativa bacteria increased plant height, dry weight, and fresh weight more than the control group. Solanum lycopersicum exhibited the highest rate of germination (100%). The infected agricultural seeds' better seedling characteristics suggested that this isolate may be used to a biofertilizer formulation for environmentally friendly production.
Determining the Effect of Weed Management Practices on Yield and Economics of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Gaddala Nagender , Pradhan A. , Mani Koya Madhuri , Kumar G. Naveen , John Abhishika Sonal , Manikpuri Kiranlata
Published: February 2025

A field experiment was conducted at the Instructional cum Research Farm, IGKV, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, India, to evaluate the effect of different weed management practices on yield and economic returns of wheat during the Rabi season of 2020-21. The experiment, laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications, included five treatments: hand hoeing at 30 days after sowing (DAS) (T1), metribuzin application @ 175 g a.i. ha-1 at 20 DAS (T2), one hand weeding at 20 DAS (T3), two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS (T4), and an absolute control (T5). Results revealed that two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS registered highest grain yield (21.38 q ha⁻¹) and straw yield (45.63 q ha-¹), followed by metribuzin application (grain yield of 18.60 q ha⁻¹ and straw yield of 43.26 q ha-¹). Economic analysis revealed that two hand weeding yielded highest gross returns (73,624 ₹ ha-1) and net returns (53,492 ₹ ha-1) but incurred a higher cost of cultivation (20,132 ₹ ha-1) due to increased labor requirements. Metribuzin, though slightly less effective in terms of yield, provided a cost-effective alternative with a lower cost of cultivation (14,004 ₹ ha⁻¹), high net return (49,794 ₹ ha⁻¹) and higher B:C ratio (3.56) making it suitable for situations with labor scarcity. In conclusion, two hand weedings maximize yield and returns in labor-available areas, while metribuzin offers practically cost-effective alternative when labours are scarce.
Lowering Fecal Immunochemical Test Positivity Threshold vs Multitarget Stool RNA Testing for Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Niedermaier Tobias , Seum Teresa , Hoffmeister Michael , Brenner Hermann
Published: June 2024

This analysis uses data from 2 studies to explore whether lowering the threshold for fecal immunochemical test positivity can achieve comparable levels of sensitivity and specificity as multitarget stool RNA testing for colorectal cancer screening.
Kevlar Aerogel‐Confined Functional Liquid‐Based Composite Membrane Enables Dynamic Uranium Capture
Authors: Sheng Zhizhi , Sun Ying , Hou Yinglai , Liu Zengwei , Lyu Jing , Li Lishan , Fan Zhaochuan , Zhang Xuetong
Published: June 2024

Solid–liquid composite materials that confine a functional liquid within a porous solid have appeared in a wealth of emerging applications. However, creating dynamic liquid interfaces for efficient ion capture while stably retaining functional liquid in porous confinements is challenging. Here, an aerogel‐confined liquid‐based composite membrane (ALCM) for dynamic and highly efficient uranium capture is reported. As a proof of concept, Kevlar aerogel membrane is selected as the nanoporous solid, and calix[6]arene/tributyl phosphate (C6/TBP) is used as the guest liquid. The obtained ALCMs possess high stability, optimum adhesion between solid‐liquid interface, and high selectivity for uranyl ions (250–6510 times over other competing ions). Different dynamic interface regulating approaches are explored for ALCMs, and uranium extraction efficiency under alternating pressures can be up to 258.48 mg g−1 h−1, outperforming many reported uranium capture materials. This strategy can be applicable to develop a rich family of solid‐liquid composite materials and may spearhead a new paradigm for uranium capture from sustainable seawater resources.
Ag/AgCl‐Like Photogating of a COF‐on‐MOF Heterojunction in Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor
Authors: Wang Zhen , Shi Xiao‐Mei , Chen Feng‐Zao , Fan Gao‐Chao , Zhao Wei‐Wei
Published: June 2024

The pursuit of high on‐to‐off ratio (IOn/IOff), as one of the important performances for organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) has been ongoing, but to date, limited solutions are available. The interaction between light and matter has been demonstrated as a rich source for advanced electronic applications. However, its potential in IOn/IOff modulation has not been fully explored. Herein, the challenge is addressed through the unique light‐material interplay, which is represented by organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) gated by photosensitive COF‐LZU1 on mixed‐ligand MOF (COF‐on‐MOF) upon appropriate exposure illumination. Notably, the interplay between light and COF‐on‐MOF can adjust the device physics, optimizing the IOn/IOff to its maximum and enhancing signal transduction. Toward bio‐application, via exonuclease‐assisted cyclic cleavage amplification and hybridization chain reaction, such a device is validated for highly sensitive detection capabilities for human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV‐II) DNA down to 0.003 fM. This study features the possibility of Ag/AgCl‐like photogating of organic transistors via light‐matter interplay.
Rapid Hole Generation via D–A Structure‐Dependent Built‐In Electric Field of Deacetylated Chitin‐PDI for Efficient Photocatalytic Oxidation
Authors: Shang Yaxin , Li Wenting , Ma Yuqing , Li Beibei , Xu Qing , Du Yan , Peng Yongzhen , Wang Yifei , Zhu Yongfa
Published: June 2024

Breaking the trade‐off between broad spectrum response and efficient charge separation is a major challenge in the photocatalysis. Unlike the conventional practice of suppressing charge separation when shrinking the bandgap, a series of deacetylated chitin‐perylene diimide (DC‐PDI) donor–acceptor (D–A) photocatalysts is proposed with tunable charge distribution by modulating the C─N covalent bond content, expanding the spectral absorption range as the expanded D–A. The enlarged D–A structure achieves efficient photogenerated electron–hole separation by increasing the charge of the positive and negative charge centers, inducing larger dipole moments, generating 4.7 times higher built‐in electric field, and reducing the charge transfer barrier. Among them, the optimum DC/PDI (2:1) with enlarged D–A enables to capture the largest number of electrons for persulfate activation, and concurrently affords the highest hole generation efficiency with the deepest valence band (1.67 V). Such merits contribute to 1.2–2.8 times higher degradation rate and 1.1–1.6 times higher mineralization rate of organic pollutants in comparison with other counterparts. The mineralization rate can reach 100% in the engineered microreactor setup. This study elucidates the structure‐mechanism‐performance relationship of D–A modulation and charge separation/transport, guiding the rational molecular structure design for efficient photocatalytic oxidation.
Microenvironment‐Responsive Targeted Nanomedicine for a Collaborative Integration of Tumor Theranostics and Bone Defect Repair
Authors: Wang Wenxuan , Kang Weiwei , Zhang Xin , Zheng Xiaochun , Jin Yarong , Ma Zhuo , Wang Yuhang , Dai Rong , Ma Xun , Zheng Ziliang , Zhang Ruiping
Published: June 2024

Despite advancements in breast cancer treatment, bone metastases remain a significant concern for advanced breast cancer patients. Current theranostics strategies face challenges in integrating tumor theranostics and bone formation. Herein, this work develops an activatable targeted nanomedicine AuMnCO@BSA‐N3 (AMCBN) to enable a novel collaborative integration of second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) fluorescence imaging guided precise theranostics for breast cancer bone metastases and osteogenic microenvironment remolding. This strategy employs a chemical coordination between noble metal complex and metal carbonyl (MnCO), with surface modification of azide groups to enhance tumor affinity through passive and active targeting. The initiated respondent behavior of AMCBN by tumor microenvironment accelerate the degradation of coordinated MnCO, resulting in a rapid release of multifunctional agents for efficient chemodynamic therapy (CDT)/gas synergistic therapy. Meanwhile, the exceptional bone‐binding properties enable the efficient and controlled release of Mn2+ ions and carbon monoxide (CO) in the bone microenvironment, thereby facilitating the expression of osteogenesis‐related proteins and establishing a novel synchronous theranostics process for tumor‐bone repair.
Rational Design of NIR‐II Emitting Conjugated Polymer Derived Nanoparticles for Image‐Guided Cancer Interventions
Authors: Gill Nikita , Srivastava Indrajit , Tropp Joshua
Published: June 2024

Due to the reduced absorption, light scattering, and tissue autofluorescence in the NIR‐II (1000–1700 nm) region, significant efforts are underway to explore diverse material platforms for in vivo fluorescence imaging, particularly for cancer diagnostics and image‐guided interventions. Of the reported imaging agents, nanoparticles derived from conjugated polymers (CPNs) offer unique advantages to alternative materials including biocompatibility, remarkable absorption cross‐sections, exceptional photostability, and tunable emission behavior independent of cell labeling functionalities. Herein, the current state of NIR‐II emitting CPNs are summarized and structure–function–property relationships are highlighted that can be used to elevate the performance of next‐generation CPNs. Methods for particle processing and incorporating cancer targeting modalities are discussed, as well as detailed characterization methods to improve interlaboratory comparisons of novel materials. Contemporary methods to specifically apply CPNs for cancer diagnostics and therapies are then highlighted. This review not only summarizes the current state of the field, but offers future directions and provides clarity to the advantages of CPNs over other classes of imaging agents.
Adaptive Processing Enabled by Sodium Alginate Based Complementary Memristor for Neuromorphic Sensory System
Authors: Shi Jiajuan , Lin Ya , Wang Zhongqiang , Shan Xuanyu , Tao Ye , Zhao Xiaoning , Xu Haiyang , Liu Yichun
Published: June 2024

Adaptive processing allows sensory systems to autonomically adjust their sensitivity with exposure to a constant sensory stimulus and thus organisms to adapt to environmental variations. Bioinspired electronics with adaptive functions are highly desirable for the development of neuromorphic sensory systems (NSSs). Herein, the functions of desensitization and sensitivity changing with background intensity (i.e., Weber's law), as two fundamental cues of sensory adaptation, are biorealistically demonstrated in an Ag nanowire (NW)‐embedded sodium alginate (SA) based complementary memristor. In particular, Weber's law is experimentally emulated in a single complementary memristor. Furthermore, three types of adaptive NSS unit are constructed to realize a multiple perceptual capability that processes the stimuli of illuminance, temperature, and pressure signals. Taking neuromorphic vision as an example, scotopic and photopic adaptation functions are well reproduced for image enhancement against dark and bright backgrounds. Importantly, an NSS system with multisensory integration function is demonstrated by combining light and pressure spikes, where the accuracy of pattern recognition is obviously enhanced relative to that of an individual sense. This work offers a new strategy for developing neuromorphic electronics with adaptive functions and paves the way toward developing a highly efficient NSS.
Stem Cell‐Derived Nanovesicles Embedded in Dual‐Layered Hydrogel for Programmed ROS Regulation and Comprehensive Tissue Regeneration in Burn Wound Healing
Authors: Zhao Meijiao , Kang Miaomiao , Wang Jingru , Yang Ronghua , Zhong Xiaoping , Xie Qihu , Zhou Sitong , Zhang Zhijun , Zheng Judun , Zhang Yixun , Guo Shuang , Lin Weiqiang , Huang Jialin , Guo Genghong , Fu Yu , Li Bin , Fan Zhijin , Li Xipeng , Wang Dong , Chen Xu , Tang Ben Zhong , Liao Yuhui
Published: June 2024

Burn wounds often bring high risks of delayed healing process and even death. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in burn wound repair. However, the dynamic process in wound healing requires both the generation of ROS to inhibit bacteria and the subsequent reduction of ROS levels to initiate and promote tissue regeneration, which calls for a more intelligent ROS regulation dressing system. Hence, a dual‐layered hydrogel (Dual‐Gel) tailored to the process of burn wound repair is designed: the inner layer hydrogel (Gel 2) first responds to bacterial hyaluronidase (Hyal) to deliver aggregation‐induced emission photosensitizer functionalized adipose‐derived stem cell nanovesicles, which generate ROS upon light irradiation to eliminate bacteria; then the outer layer hydrogel (Gel 1) continuously starts a long‐lasting consumption of excess ROS at the wound site to accelerate tissue regeneration. Simultaneously, the stem cell nanovesicles trapped in the burns wound also provide nutrients and mobilize neighboring tissues to thoroughly assist in inflammation regulation, cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. In summary, this study develops an intelligent treatment approach on burn wounds by programmatically regulating ROS and facilitating comprehensive wound tissue repair.
Heterointerfaces: Unlocking Superior Capacity and Rapid Mass Transfer Dynamics in Energy Storage Electrodes
Authors: Qin Tingting , Zhao Xiaolong , Sui Yiming , Wang Dong , Chen Weicheng , Zhang Yingguang , Luo Shijing , Pan Wending , Guo Zhenbin , Leung Dennis Y. C.
Published: June 2024

Heterogeneous electrode materials possess abundant heterointerfaces with a localized “space charge effect”, which enhances capacity output and accelerates mass/charge transfer dynamics in energy storage devices (ESDs). These promising features open new possibilities for demanding applications such as electric vehicles, grid energy storage, and portable electronics. However, the fundamental principles and working mechanisms that govern heterointerfaces are not yet fully understood, impeding the rational design of electrode materials. In this study, the heterointerface evolution during charging and discharging process as well as the intricate interaction between heterointerfaces and charge/mass transport phenomena, is systematically discussed. Guidelines along with feasible strategies for engineering structural heterointerfaces to address specific challenges encountered in various application scenarios, are also provided. This review offers innovative solutions for the development of heterogeneous electrode materials, enabling more efficient energy storage beyond conventional electrochemistry. Furthermore, it provides fresh insights into the advancement of clean energy conversion and storage technologies. This review contributes to the knowledge and understanding of heterointerfaces, paving the way for the design and optimization of next‐generation energy storage materials for a sustainable future.
Augmented Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution by d–p Orbital Electron Coupling
Authors: Sun Ning , Zheng Zhichuan , Lai Zhuangzhuang , Wang Junjie , Du Peng , Ying Tianping , Wang Haifeng , Xu Jianchun , Yu Runze , Hu Zhiwei , Pao Chih‐Wen , Huang Wei‐Hsiang , Bi Ke , Lei Ming , Huang Kai
Published: June 2024

While high‐entropy alloys, high‐entropy oxides, and high‐entropy hydroxides, are advanced as a novel frontier in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution, their inherent activity deficiency poses a major challenge. To achieve the unlimited goal to tailor the structure–activity relationship in multicomponent systems, entropy‐driven composition engineering presents substantial potential, by fabricating high‐entropy anion‐regulated transition metal compounds as sophisticated oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts. Herein, a versatile 2D high‐entropy metal phosphorus trisulfide is developed as a promising and adjustable platform. Leveraging the multiple electron couplings and d–p orbital hybridizations induced by the cocktail effect, the exceptional oxygen evolution catalytic activity is disclosed upon van der Waals material (MnFeCoNiZn)PS3, exhibiting an impressively low overpotential of 240 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, a minimal Tafel slope of 32 mV dec−1, and negligible degradation under varying current densities for over 96 h. Density functional theory calculations further offer insights into the correlation between orbital hybridization and catalytic performance within high‐entropy systems, underscoring the contribution of active phosphorus centers on the substrate to performance enhancements. Moreover, by achieving electron redistribution to optimize the electron coordination environment, this work presents an effective strategy for advanced catalysts in energy‐related applications.
SnS2 Thin Film with In Situ and Controllable Sb Doping via Atomic Layer Deposition for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Shin Dong‐Ho , Yang Jun , Mukherjee Samik , Bahrami Amin , Lehmann Sebastian , Nasiri Noushin , Krahl Fabian , Pang Chi , Wrzesińska‐Lashkova Angelika , Vaynzof Yana , Wohlrab Steve , Popov Alexey , Nielsch Kornelius
Published: June 2024

SnS2 stands out as a highly promising 2D material with significant potential for applications in the field of electronics and photovoltaic technologies. Numerous attempts have been undertaken to modulate the physical properties of SnS2 by doping with various metal ions. Here, a series of Sb‐doped SnS2 is deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD) super‐cycle process and compared its crystallinity, composition, and optical properties to those of pristine SnS2. It is found that the increase in the concentration of Sb is accompanied by a gradual reduction in the Sn and S binding energies. The work function is increased upon Sb doping from 4.32 eV (SnS2) to 4.75 eV (Sb‐doped SnS2 with 9:1 ratio). When integrated into photodetectors, the Sb‐doped SnS2 showed improved performance, demonstrating increased peak photoresponsivity values from 19.5 to 27.8 A W−1 at 405 nm, accompanied by an improvement in response speed. These results offer valuable insights into next‐generation optoelectronic applications based on SnS2.