bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contrasting responses of lizard occurrences to burrowing by a critically endangered seabird
Authors: Fischer Johannes , McCauley CF , Armstrong DP , Debski I , Wittmer Heiko
Published: June 2020

© Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest. Seabirds are considered ecosystem engineers, because they facilitate ecosystem functioning (e.g., nutrient cycling), crucial for other marine and terrestrial species, including reptiles. However, studies of seabird-reptile interactions are limited. Here, we assessed the influence of the ‘Critically Endangered’ Whenua Hou Diving Petrel (Pelecanoides whenuahouensis) on the occurrence of two threatened skinks, Stewart Island green skink (Oligosoma aff. chloronoton) and Southern grass skink (O. aff. polychroma). We surveyed skinks for 26 consecutive days at 51 sites with and 48 sites without Diving Petrel burrows in the dunes on Codfish Island (Whenua Hou), New Zealand. We used occupancy modelling to assess the influence of burrows on the occurrence of skinks, while accounting for other factors affecting occupancy (Y) and detection probabilities (p). Diving Petrel burrows had a contrasting effect on the occurrence of skinks. On average, Y of Stewart Island green skinks was 114% higher at sites with burrows compared to sites without, while Y of Southern grass skinks was only 2% higher. Occurrence of both skinks was negatively influenced by the presence of the other skink species. On average p were low: 0.013 and 0.038 for Stewart Island green and Southern grass skinks, respectively. Stewart Island green skinks appear attracted to burrows, which might facilitate thermoregulation (i.e., shelter from temperature extremes). The larger Stewart Island green skinks May subsequently exclude the smaller Southern grass skinks at burrows, causing the contrasting relationships. We suggest that these interspecific interactions should be considered when implementing conservation management, e.g., through the order of species reintroductions.
Potentially inappropriate medicine prescribing by nurse practitioners in New Zealand
Authors: Poot Elizabeth , Nelson K , Zonneveld Rebecca , Weatherall M
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Nurse practitioners (NPs) in New Zealand (NZ) prescribe a broad range of medicines; little is known about their prescribing practice for older adults. Potentially inappropriate medicines (PIMs) can cause more harm than benefit. This study reports on the prescribing of PIMs to older adults (≥65 years) by NPs in NZ. METHODS: A subset analysis using data from NZ Ministry of Health pharmaceutical collection from 2013 to 2015 was completed. Data included NP registration number, medicines dispensed, patient age, sex, and NZ Deprivation level. Those <65 years were excluded. Beers 2015 criteria were used to identify the PIMs. RESULTS: There were 106 NPs that prescribed medicines to 12,410 patients aged ≥65 years. One third of the patients were prescribed ≥1 PIMss. Most (68.4%) were prescribed one PIM; 21.9% two PIMs; 7.1% three PIMs; and 2.6% were prescribed ≥4 PIMs. NPs prescribed an average of 14.9% PIMs. Primary care NPs were more likely to prescribe PIMs, compared to those with a scope of older adults and long-term conditions (p ≤ 0.001). The most common Beers 2015 PIMs prescribed were proton pump inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alpha blockers, hypnotics, tricyclic antidepressants, and benzodiazepines. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: NPs prescribe lower rates of PIMs to older adults than other prescribers in NZ. However, prescribing practices can be improved and the findings indicate that a more specific educational focus on prescribing to older adults is required. The findings provide an important baseline internationally for NP PIM prescribing and can be used by NPs, and educationally to review and improve practices.
Scavenging in the Anthropocene: Human impact drives vertebrate scavenger species richness at a global scale
Authors: Sebastián-González E , Barbosa JM , Pérez-García JM , Morales-Reyes Z , Botella F , Olea PP , Mateo-Tomás P , Moleón M , Hiraldo F , Arrondo E , Donázar JA , Cortés-Avizanda A , Selva N , Lambertucci SA , Bhattacharjee A , Brewer A , Anadón JD , Abernethy E , Rhodes OE , Turner K , Beasley JC , DeVault TL , Ordiz A , Wikenros C , Zimmermann B , Wabakken P , Wilmers CC , Smith JA , Kendall CJ , Ogada D , Buechley ER , Frehner E , Allen ML , Wittmer Heiko , Butler JRA , Toit JT du , Read J , Wilson D , Jerina K , Krofel M , Kostecke R , Inger R , Samson A , Naves-Alegre L , Sánchez-Zapata JA
Published: June 2020

© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Understanding the distribution of biodiversity across the Earth is one of the most challenging questions in biology. Much research has been directed at explaining the species latitudinal pattern showing that communities are richer in tropical areas; however, despite decades of research, a general consensus has not yet emerged. In addition, global biodiversity patterns are being rapidly altered by human activities. Here, we aim to describe large-scale patterns of species richness and diversity in terrestrial vertebrate scavenger (carrion-consuming) assemblages, which provide key ecosystem functions and services. We used a worldwide dataset comprising 43 sites, where vertebrate scavenger assemblages were identified using 2,485 carcasses monitored between 1991 and 2018. First, we evaluated how scavenger richness (number of species) and diversity (Shannon diversity index) varied among seasons (cold vs. warm, wet vs. dry). Then, we studied the potential effects of human impact and a set of macroecological variables related to climatic conditions on the scavenger assemblages. Vertebrate scavenger richness ranged from species-poor to species rich assemblages (4–30 species). Both scavenger richness and diversity also showed some seasonal variation. However, in general, climatic variables did not drive latitudinal patterns, as scavenger richness and diversity were not affected by temperature or rainfall. Rainfall seasonality slightly increased the number of species in the community, but its effect was weak. Instead, the human impact index included in our study was the main predictor of scavenger richness. Scavenger assemblages in highly human-impacted areas sustained the smallest number of scavenger species, suggesting human activity may be overriding other macroecological processes in shaping scavenger communities. Our results highlight the effect of human impact at a global scale. As species-rich assemblages tend to be more functional, we warn about possible reductions in ecosystem functions and the services provided by scavengers in human-dominated landscapes in the Anthropocene.
Natural and anthropogenic driving forces as key elements in the Lower Danube Basin–South-Eastern Carpathians–North-Western Black Sea coast area lakes: a broken stepping stones for fish in a climatic change scenario?
Authors: Bănăduc D , Joy Michael , Olosutean H , Afanasyev S , Curtean-Bănăduc A
Published: June 2020

© 2020, The Author(s). Background: Climate changes influence the ecosystems and induce potential risks regarding the natural products and services; the human society should predict and adapt in time to these coming global challenges. This research highlights a possible fragmentation of some of the Lower Danube River Basin lentic ecosystems fish populations in a climate change scenario. Results: The studied climate change potential events will affect 18 fish species of economic interest and eight of conservation interest and will induce disorder in some of the Lower Danube specific type of fish communities. The studied area was identified as a significant hot spot regarding the fish fauna ecological status major hazard, in a possible climate change (heating–drought–water depth decreasing) sequence of potential future events. Primarily the southern lakes of the studied area can be negatively influenced by the decreasing of the lakes water quality and quantity, some of the spawning habitats will vanish, some habitats and species will disappear, suspended sediment and nutrient levels in water will increase, eutrophication phenomenon will increase, the hydrological connectivity will diminish, fish associations’ structure will significantly change, etc. Conclusions: The climate changes trend in the Lower Danube Basin will affect the studied lakes ecological state and associated fish communities; mitigating measures are urgently needed. The future potential relative isolation of researched lakes by the surrounding hydrographical nets, for safety reasons of human communities or to convert inland areas should be banned specially for the lakes: Balta Domnească, Razelm, Tăbăcărie, Siutghiol, Taşaul, Tatlageac, Sinoe, Potcoava, Snagov, Comana, Victoria Gheormane, Dunărea Veche, Oltina, and Bugeac. Some of the researched lakes should be managed as wetlands of international importance and as important stepping stone areas for the fish fauna of the Danube Basin: Snagov, Comana, Victoria Gheormane, Dunărea Veche, Oltina, and Bugeac.
Adjective-Noun Order: An Error Analysis of Colombian Learners of English
Authors: Connolly Andrew John
Published: June 2020

Adjective- noun order errors are a common occurrence throughout all levels of English language students. Based on professional experiences, existing literature and revisiting what some may consider archaic methodologies, this reflective article aims to analyse adjective-noun order errors among Colombian learners of English, understand why it presents such a challenge in the Colombian context and provide one possible teaching method to help reduce the number of adjective-noun order errors produced.  To achieve such aims this article compares the rules for adjective-noun order in English and Spanish, describes the implications of the differences in adjective-noun order between the two languages for the Colombian learner and proposes translation as a teaching method to help Colombian learners of English reduce the frequency of these errors. Further investigation is needed to provide teachers with more insight into this problem; perhaps, focussing specifically on one of the two skills in which the error is produced, either writing or speaking.
The Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Development of Phonological Processing and Evaluation of Their Attitudes toward Pronunciation
Authors: Aksakallı Canan , Yağız Oktay
Published: June 2020

This study aimed at investigating EFL pre-service teachers’ attitudes toward pronunciation and pronunciation teaching. Another purpose was to explore the outcomes of pronunciation instruction on EFL pre-service teachers’ phonological development and based on the findings to provide suggestions taking learners’ pedagogical needs into consideration. The study was conducted using a quantitative research design method. 107 EFL pre-service teachers participated in the study. The quantitative instruments were Pronunciation Attitude Inventory, pre and post period of the intervention. During one term, the researcher provided EFL pre-service teachers with pronunciation instruction focusing on segmental and suprasegmental features in English pronunciation. Pre- and post-tests were used to measure to what extent language learners improved their pronunciation in English using a reading passage and participants’ performances were recorded through a tape recorder. The administration of the inventory took place at the end of the semester and the participants were asked to read and respond the whole inventory in 15 minutes. After completing data collection process, two native speakers of English as the raters of the study rated all the participants’ pre-test and post-test performances one by one. A pronunciation rubric which involves 5 categories including vowels, consonants, intonation, word-stress and comprehensibility was used in order to assess learners’ performances. The results revealed that the participants had generally positive attitudes toward pronunciation. Similarly, it was found that pronunciation instruction improved the participants’ pronunciation at the segmental and suprasegmental levels as well as their comprehensibility.
Exploring the Grounds for the Study of the Identity of Indigenous English Language Teachers in Colombia
Authors: Arias-Cepeda Carlos
Published: June 2020

This article addresses the invisibilization of the existence of indigenous teachers in the Colombian ELT (English language teaching) field. Their existence, which is admittedly a phenomenon that lacks quantitative saliency, offers opportunities to reflect on the epistemological asymmetries that traditionally have linked the Colombian ELT field to an instrumental mainstream bilingualism, often ignoring the conditions of linguistic and cultural diversity in the country. Besides, there is an exploration of how the study of indigenous teachers’ identities might contribute to the re-signification of pedagogy; this paper elaborates on the idea that scholars in the Colombian ELT have already built some horizons of understanding between the ELT and the diversities and epistemic privileges of Colombian indigeneity. The article is part of an ongoing research on the identities of indigenous teachers in the Colombian ELT being carried out within the Interinstitutional Ph.D. in Education at Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá
Bringing Interactional Identities into the Study of Classroom Interaction in ELT Education
Authors: Lucero-Babativa Edgar
Published: June 2020

This theoretical-review paper presents the construct of interactional identities as part of the study of classroom interaction in English language teaching education. The paper defines interactional identities from social studies and in the field of English language teaching. By listing studies on the matter, the relationship of this construct with classroom interaction is presented from global and local perspectives. Three reasons for studying interactional identities in the ELT field are discussed in the final part of the paper whose conclusions invite to incorporate this construct into de study of what teachers are and do for language learning and use in classroom interaction in English language teaching education.
Research-based Instruction, an Essential Tenet of the Foreign Languages Pre-service-Teacher Education at Universidad de Pamplona
Authors: Cote-Parra Gabriel
Published: June 2020

This paper reports a personal reflection that describes how the Bachelor of Arts in Foreign Languages at the Universidad de Pamplona provides preservice teachers with a research-based instruction. In an attempt to contribute to today’s scholar discussions on foreign language pre-service teachers’ education, this reflective piece illustrates a unique way of teaching research to FL undergraduates. The author first provides an overview on the area of teaching research to undergraduates in Colombia; second, a description of how pre-service teachers learn the theoretical foundations, paradigms, designs and approaches mostly used in educational inquiry; and the two-year process student researchers go through. Finally, the author discusses the lessons learned and what the future of this process might be like.
Effects of Digital Short Stories on the Development of Listening Skills: An Action Research
Authors: Çetin Köroğlu Zeynep
Published: June 2020

Literary texts can be used to improve language learners' skills such as reading, writing, speaking and listening because these texts contain rich vocabulary, complex grammar structures, interesting plot and most importantly imagination of the author. However, using literature for language teaching purposes is a controversial issue among scholars. While some researchers think positively, others have negative views on the subject. Learners' needs and way of using literary texts are the main concerns of literature use in language pedagogy. In this context, the present research aimed to find out whether digital short stories can improve language learners' listening skills. The purpose of this study was to figure out student teachers' perceptions of digital short stories’ implementation into language classrooms. Specifically, the current research aimed to investigate whether digital short stories are useful to develop language learners' listening skills in English. The research is action research in design. The study used pre-test and post-test, a written structured interview to collect data and it included both quantitative and qualitative components. The interview consisted of six open-ended questions. Achievement tests and t-test were used to analyze quantitative data. On the other hand, content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. The data were collected in 2016-2017 academic years, Bayburt University. Participants were prep class students of English language teaching department of Bayburt University. In the treatment process, digital short stories were used for eight weeks, which were written by various famous American authors and voice recorded by various American natives. Additionally, weekly worksheets and handouts were prepared by the researcher. Results showed that digital short stories provide satisfactory content, supports vocabulary learning, improves language learners’ listening skills, helps participants to gain familiarity with complex grammar structures and makes students more familiar with different cultures. Furthermore, participants are satisfied with digital short stories and they think these digital stories are useful to improve their listening skills.
Meta-analysis of diagnostic performance of serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies up to 25 April 2020 and public health implications
Authors: Caini Saverio , Bellerba Federica , Corso Federica , Díaz-Basabe Angélica , Natoli Gioacchino , Paget John , Facciotti Federica , De Angelis Simone Pietro , Raimondi Sara , Palli Domenico , Mazzarella Luca , Pelicci Pier Giuseppe , Vineis Paolo , Gandini Sara
Published: June 2020

We reviewed the diagnostic accuracy of SARS-CoV-2 serological tests. Random-effects models yielded a summary sensitivity of 82% for IgM, and 85% for IgG and total antibodies. For specificity, the pooled estimate were 98% for IgM and 99% for IgG and total antibodies. In populations with ≤ 5% of seroconverted individuals, unless the assays have perfect (i.e. 100%) specificity, the positive predictive value would be ≤ 88%. Serological tests should be used for prevalence surveys only in hard-hit areas.
Penguatan Kelembagaan dan Pengembangan Potensi Ekonomi Masyarakat melalui Pengelolaan Saluran Irigasi Menjadi Wisata Literasi pada Kelompok Budidaya Ikan (POKDAKAN) “Banyu Bening” Jajag Banyuwangi
Authors: Inayah Nurul , Susanti Nawal Ika , Musafiri M. Rizkon Al , Ekaningsih Lely Ana Ferawati
Published: June 2020

“Banyu Bening” fish village has the potential to become an alternative of literacy tourism and can be developed to increase the economic income for the local community, especially the porters. One of the obstacles faced was the conflict between management and the managerial from POKDAKAN which made the condition of “Banyu Bening” fish village was not optimal. Therefore, by fostering institutional strengthening in the “Banyu Bening” fish village, it is hoped that this potential can be used as an alternative for literacy tourism. This community service was based on Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach and was implemented through training on the development of literacy culture based on local potential and conducting FGDs for institutional strengthening. The program has resulted in improved management of POKDAKAN and optimizing economic improvement through fish farming development in the irrigation water as well as media of education for litearcy tourism.
Pendampingan Redesign Pembelajaran Masa Pandemi Covid-19 bagi Tenaga Pendidik di Lembaga Pendidikan berbasis Pesantren di Jawa Timur
Authors: Wajdi Muh Barid Nizarudin , Ubaidillah M Burhanuddin , Mulyani Sri , Anwar Khoirul , Istiqomah Lailatul , Rahmawati Fauziyah , Hikmawati Sholihatul Atik , Ningsih Diah Retno , Rizal Hasan Syaiful
Published: June 2020

Education has been one of the most affected sectors since the corona pandemic. Like many countries affected, the Indonesian government has taken several precautions needed to reduce the spread of the virus. This causes obstacles in all educational activities, especially in the teaching and learning process. This article aims to illustrate assistance in redesigning learning model in this pandemic period by applying an online service-learning approach. The results show that educators are given many choices of online media that can be used for the teaching and learning processes, ranging from social media (WhatsApp and Facebook), learning management systems media (google classroom, Edmodo), and video conferencing (Zoom, google meet). In redesigning this learning model, educators mostly used WhatsApp as the main media in delivering the material in online classes, while the Google Classroom LMS media was used for managing the students' assignments
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF LEGAL SOCIOLOGY WITH LAW LOCATED IN SOCIETY
Authors: Muljadi Aldo Ravellio
Published: June 2020

The Sociology of Law is a part of the science of law that examines the interrelationships or the mutual influence between law and social phenomena which is carried out analytically and empirically. Sociology of Law becomes a benchmark in society whether the law to be formed can live in society, and also whether the law that has lived in society becomes law which can then become a legal certainty. The sociology of law can also be a factor of social control, which can then control the norms that exist in society. The results of this study explain that the sociology of law has an influence in the formation of existing laws in society. Because like Roscoe Pond said that "Law is a tool of social engineering" that is law as a tool for social engineering or the community.
USE OF INSECTICIDES AMONG COWPEA FARMERS IN FUFORE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Haddabi A.S.
Published: June 2020

Cowpea is a good and cheapest source of protein to human beings and feeds to livestock. Production of the crop is accompanied with insect pests problems which makes the use of insecticides imperative. The broad objective was to analyze the use of insecticides among cowpea farmers in Fufore Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria, and the specific objectives were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, identify the common insecticides used by the respondents, determine the costs of insecticides incurred per unit area to control cowpea pests by the respondents, determine the socio-economic factors influencing the use of insecticides for control of cowpea pests by the respondents, and identify the major constraints encountered by the respondents in cowpea production in the study area. Data for this research were obtained from primary source with the aid of questionnaires. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regression. The linear regression results shows that the use of insecticides by the respondents is influenced directly by their educational level (0.014115), Household size (0.004386), Farming experience (0.008612) and Farm size (0.036816). Similarly, age of the respondents inversely affect their decision to use insecticides (-0.003066). An average of N3,737.17 was incurred in procuring insecticides to control cowpea pests per hectare. The entire respondents used modern insecticides. The common insecticides used were Cypermethrim 10EC or 10%EC and Lambda-cyhalothrim, were mostly used. Majority of the respondents (29.05%) were at their active age of 40-49 years, most of them (84.76%) were male, 90.48% were married, 32.86% (majority) had family size 6-10, and 56.67% had one form of formal education of another, while 73.81% were engaged in farming. It could be concluded that, the use of insecticides for control of pests in cowpea production will not only lead to food security among farmers in the production area, but will help in general food security all over the country since cowpea is an important protein food consumed far beyond the immediate production area. Based on the above, I recommend that: effective insecticides should be made available to farmers when required, youths should be encouraged to embark on cowpea production, government should have a political will towards agriculture so as to improve extension services, and cowpea farmers should adopt integrated pest management (IPM) as a remedy to pest problems in cowpea production.
APLIKASI BIO-BALL UNTUK MEDIA BIOFILTER STUDI KASUS PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH PENCUCIAN JEAN
Authors: Said Nusa Idaman
Published: June 2020

The textile industry is one of the most popular industries in Indonesia. Although it’s giving a positive value towards economic value, it also contributes a bed effect towards environmental quality. One of those industries is small-scale laundry industry located in Kelurahan Sukabumi Selatan, West of Jakarta. The lack of land and money, most of the jeans laundry industry throws away their wastewater straight to the river system without any process. The present study describes the application plastic media called bio-ball as a biofilter supporting media for treating of jeans laundry industry wastewater using combined anaerobic and aerobic process. The type of reactor that is used in this research is a continuous flow biological reactor which has total volume 195 litter and divided into 5 zones, i.e. presedimentation , 2 anoxic zone, aerobic zone and post sedimentation zone. Reactor effluent is recirculated into presedimentation zone with hydraulic recycle ratio (HRR) 1:1. Seeding is done in a natural way by directly flowing the domestic wastewater into reactor with retention time 72 hours, until a biofilm layer is formed on the surface of bio-ball media. Acclimatization is done gradually by replacing domestic with laundry jeans wastewater in 72 hours retention time, until domestic wastewater was 100 % replaced, The main research were conducting by continuous operation under condition 72 hours, 48 hours and 24 hours retention time. The result of experiment shows that within the combined anaerobic and aerobic process using bio-ball plastic media under conditions 1 - 3 days retention time, the removal efficiency of COD 78 – 91 %, BOD 85 – 92 %, Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 80 – 93 %, and Colour 48 – 57 % respectively.  The longer retention time has resulted in higher removal efficiency
RANCANG BANGUN PAKET IPAL RUMAH SAKIT DENGAN PROSES BIOFILTER ANAEROB-AEROB, KAPASITAS 20-30 M3 PER HARI
Authors: Widayat Wahyu , Said Nusa Idaman
Published: June 2020

It is obvious that hospital waste water is one of the most potential pollutant to the evironment. Thus the waste must be treated properly before it is disposed of to the public sewage facilities. However, limited fund usually become an obstacle when hospitals will construct waste treatment facilities, especially for midle and small typed hospitals.Considering the problem, development of proper waste treatment facilities which is cheap in terms of technology and price and easy operated is very important.This paper describes scheme of biological waste water treatment unit for hospitals which is suitable for Anaerob-aerob Biofilter waste water treatment process. By applying this system Anaerob-aerob Biofilter, concentration of COD, BOD and suspended solid material can be reduced significantly as well as detergen and ammonia. Keywords : rancang bangun, waste water, biofilter, Anaerob-aerob
EVALUASI KANDUNGAN KLORIDA (CL-) dan DAYA HANTAR LISTRIK (DHL) AIR TANAH PADA SISTEM AKUIFER JAKARTA PERIODA 1990-2000
Authors: Indriatmoko Robertus Haryoto , J E. Myra.
Published: June 2020

Evaluation of chloride (Cl-) content and electric conductivity  (EC) of ground water in aquifer system is one method to identify salt water movement in aquifer system, which occurred as a result of changes in hydraulic equilibrium which cause by temporary variation of natural recharges and pumping of ground water at many layered aquifers.Salt water movement in Jakarta aquifer system is evaluated based on mapping of chloride content at 500 mg/L and EC at 1500 m mhos/cm in many bored well during period of 1990 – 2000. In the beginning chloride content and EC is in value only and with the addition of attribute data, namely coordinate, it could be used as input data. By using software namely SURF, the above input data is simulate to have a contour map of chloride and EC. Overlapping of the contour map to Jakarta base map will result in thematic map of chloride and EC distribution which represent salt water movement at Jakarta aquifer system.   Key word : Aquifers, Aquifer system, Chloride (Cl-) , Electric Conductivity (EC), Map, Hydraulic Equilibrium, Ground water, SURF Software.
PENGHILANGAN BAU SECARA BIOLOGI DENGAN BIOFILTER SINTETIK
Authors: Herlambang Arie
Published: June 2020

Biofilter as one of method processing of waste have been introduced since early 20, but in its application have time to be left by effect of newer technological appearance like trickling filter, rotating biological contactor, activated sludge, and fluidized bed reactor. Biofilter very effective in deodorizing, especially dangerous aromas of organic volatile compound, and poisonous air from industry with efficiency 90 - 99,9%. Biofiltrasion become more economic compared to carbon adsorption or oxidation when its organic content under 3000 ppm. Most biofilter operate on organic concentration around 1000 ppm or  lower. There are some matter to influence market of biofilter, for example :        1). the increasing of regulation about oxide nitrogen emission coming from hot process. Biofilter do not yield nitrogen oxide addition, 2). The increasing of sigh of society about contamination of aroma of facility processing of waste, processing of solid waste and others, 3). preventive methodologies implementation of pollution using condensation and air emission concentration, 4). Pressure to industry to use processes with discard as small as possible, 5). The increasing of attention to emission of hit and organic air materials, and also low cost water treatment technology.   Kata Kunci  : Bau, Odour, Biofilter, Biofilm, Limbah tahu dan tempe, wastewater treatment
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SERAT PLASTIK PADA PROSES BIOFILTER TERCELUP UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH RUMAH TANGGA NON TOILET
Authors: Said Nusa Idaman
Published: June 2020

Water pollution in the big cities in Indonesia, especially in DKI Jakarta has shown serious problems. One of the potential sources of water pollution is domestic wastewater that is wastewater from kitchens, laundry, bathing and toilets. These problems have become more serious since the spreads of sewerage systems are still low, so that domestic, institutional and commercial wastewater causes severe water pollution in many rivers or shallow ground water. Based on the fact that the progress of development of sewerage system is still low, it is important to develop low cost technology for individual house hold or semi communal wastewater treatment such as using anaerobic and aerobic submerged biofilter. This paper describes the pilot plan study of individual household wastewater treatment using anaerobic and aerobic submerged biofilter using plastic fiber media. The raw wastewater in this experiment was from household wastewater. Results of experiment shows that under operating condition 12-24 hours hydraulic retention time, the treated water was physically very clear, and according on chemical analysis the removal efficiency of BOD is 73.24 – 94.92 %, COD 65.80 – 90.76 %, total suspended solids (TSS) 95.60 – 97.69 %, and detergent (MBAS) 56.80 – 88.51 %, respectively. Compared to attempt by using charcoal media, the quality of treated water did not show  difference significantly.  Kata Kunci  : Limbah domestik non toilet, biofilter anaerob-aerob, media serat palstik.
APLIKASI PROSES BIOLOGI ANAEROBIK PADA PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH ORGANIK BERKONSENTRASI GARAM TINGGI “STUDI KASUS INDUSTRI UME BOSHI”
Authors: Mahmud Ikbal
Published: June 2020

Anaerobic treatment of wastewater with high organic and salt content but low pH (TOC, 14 g/l; salt, 150 g/l; pH,2.7) generated during an “ume boshi” manufacturing process was investigated. Five-fold-diluted “ume boshi” effluent was treated by a draw-and-fill method at a volumetric TOC (total organic carbon) loading rate of 3.0  g/l/d with a TOC removal efficiency of 75%. Five-fold-diluted “ome boshi” effluent was also treated in an anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor (AFBR) at a maximum volumetric TOC loading rate of 3.0 g/l/d, which gave almost the same results as the draw-and-fill method. However, ten-fold-diluted “ome boshi” effluent could be treated in the AFBR at a maximum volumetric TOC loading rate of 11 g/l/d with a TOC removal efficiency of 85%. The methane content in the evolved gas was high, being 70%. The red pigment in the “ome boshi” effluent was completely decolorized by the anaerobic treatment.  Key words :, Anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor, “Ume boshi”Co2+ and Ni2+ ions, decolorization
PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH DENGAN SISTEM REAKTOR BIOLOGIS PUTAR (ROTATING BIOLOGICAL CONTACTOR) DAN PARAMETER DISAIN
Authors: Said Nusa Idaman
Published: June 2020

A rotating biological contactor (or RBC) is a type of fixed media filter which removes both organic matter and ammonia from water.  It can be added to a packaged plant for more efficient ammonia removal, replacing the aerator in both location and function.The RBC consists of a series of rotating discs.  These discs are coated with a biological slime like the slime on rocks in a healthy stream.  This slime is rotated through the air and and then through the wastewater so that it picks up oxygen in the air and breaks down B.O.D. in the wastewater.  Since the discs rotate through the air, there is no need to pump air into the wastewater.  And since the slime stays on the discs, there is no need to recycle sludge. The present study describes basic consideration of rotating biological contactor (RBC) system for wastewater treatment. The design of an RBC system must include the following consideration sach as organics  and surface loading criteria, staging of RBC units, peripheral velocity, temperature, effluent characteritics and secondary clarifier. The RBC system have some advantages : smaller basin, less upset, high loading rate, nitrification/de-nitrification, high tolerance, low OM Cost, durable constructions, odorless, no noise, and stable sludge characteristics. Kata Kunci : Reaktor bioloigis putar, air limbah, parameter disain.
EVALUASI TEKNOLOGI AIR MINUM ISI ULANG DI DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Yudo Satmoko , Rahardjo Petrus Nugro
Published: June 2020

Nowadays raw water resources for drinking water are less and less available, especially in Jakarta. For example, the condition of most rivers in Jakarta is extremely polluted by wastewaters, such as domestic and industrial wastewater. Some of industrial wastewater straightly discharged into the rivers are classified as  toxic and hazardous wastewater.  Therefore all rivers in Jakarta are not feasible to be used as the raw water for clean water treatment processes. Even ground water is not already safe to be used as the raw water for drinking water, because it has commonly been contaminated by seepage of septic tanks and polluted surface waters. Because of that, many people living in Jakarta tried to find other alternatives. Commercially sold mineral water is one good option for supplying drinking water need, but the prices are relatively expensive for most of people.There were more than 1,000 refill drinking water depots growing in the last ten years. They are one of the best answers to many people, but the quality of drinking water is still debatable. In other word, there is not a standard regulation for the water treatment processes, so the depots cannot guarantee that the produced water already fulfill the quality standard of drinking water. In order to give a good service for community living in Jakarta, it is very important to evaluate all aspects of technology, management and services.  Keywords : Refill drinking water technology, water treatment processes.
PENDUGAAN POTENSI AIR TANAH DENGAN METODA RESISTIVITAS DUA DIMENSI DI WILAYAH PESISIR UNTUK PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN AIR BERSIH DI KABUPATEN PASIR, KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Indriatmoko Robertus Haryoto , Herlambang Arie
Published: June 2020

Pasir Regency (Tanah Grogot) has coastal areas which is potential economically. To support the development of the area the local government is planning the development of proper and efficient plan to overcome the water  problem of a coastal area. The plan could be implemented by conducting geophysical research and analysis of water quality of existing water resources. Based on this research hopefully an economically proper and efficient plan to develop the potency of existing water resources will be implemented.  Katakunci : Wilayah Pesisir, Dua Dimensi, Geofisik, Akuifer, Air Tanah, Kualitas Air, Kabupaten Pasir,Tanah Grogot
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR ORGANIK SECARA BIOLOGI MENGGUNAKAN REAKTOR ANAEROBIK LEKAT DIAM
Authors: Indriyati Indriyati
Published: June 2020

Organic waste water can be treated biolocally by using anaerobic fixed bed reactor. Fixed bed reactor is bioreactor which is compleeted with support material inside reactor for bacteria fixation in the surface area of support material. The benefit of using this kind of technology are it needs low energy, low nutrien, low sludge production and could treat high organic concentraion waste water.   The support material  has important role in the  Fixed Bed reactor performance, therefore it must be mentioned in several factors those are : size shape of suport material, ratio of surface area and volume which influences the attach of microorganism, porousity is a waste water volume compare to the total volume and material of support material must inert.   According to the benefit and the principle of Fixed Bed reactor, this kind of technology can be used to treat the organic high concentration to reduce the organic pollutant. Kata kunci : anarobic, Fixed Bed.
PENDUGAAN POTENSI AIR TANAH WILAYAH PESISIR KABUPATEN PASIR KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Indriatmoko Robertus Haryoto
Published: June 2020

Coastal aquifers are an important ground-water resource for urban, fisheries, and agriculture areas. Coastal aquifer system at coast of Tanah Grogot Regency, at East Kalimantan Province, is important to community, but existing aquifers are not productive as ground water resources and therefore to meet community needs of water, a geoelectricity survey need to be conducted to find aquifers and this information will be used for development of water resources planning and method to be used for geoelectricity survey is rock layer resistivity. Result of this survey will identify aquifer layers as source of water. Katakunci : Wilayah pesisir, geolistrik, metoda schlumberger, satu dimensi, akuifer, air tanah, kualitas air, kabupaten pasir,tanah grogot, kalimantan timur
PAKET TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH RUMAH SAKIT YANG MURAH DAN EFISIEN
Authors: Said Nusa Idaman
Published: June 2020

Wastewater coming from hospital represents one of the very potential sources of water contamination. This matter is caused by hospital wastewater contanined a lot of organic compound, and of other chemical compounds, and also patogen microorganism which able to cause disease to society. Because of potential impact of hospital waste to health of society is very big, hence hospital wastewater have to process until fulfill conditions according to effluent standard. One of the alternatives to overcome the problem is by using technology processing of wastewater with process of biofilter anerob-aerob. The anaerob-aerob biofilter process have some excellence for example its simple operation, yielded a few or little of mud, can be used for the processing of waste water with low concentration and also high concentration, hold up to fluctuation of  debit or concentration, and also its cheap operating expenses.  Kata kunci : Air limbah, rumah sakit, teknologi pengolahan, biofilter, anaerob-aerob.
KEBUTUHAN AIR BERSIH MASYARAKAT DI DAERAH PERDESAAN NELAYAN Di Wilayah Pesisir Kabupaten Pasir, Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Yudo Satmoko , Hernaningsih Taty
Published: June 2020

Coastal region is very potential area for developing in  sectors of fish, low and middle business from domestic industrial such as: food and husbandary food, fish net and shipping, services, trasnportation and travel. Concerning to high conomical potency in this coastal area is expected to be supporting area for central activities.  For this supporting in public facility  require elictricity, road and sea transportation, telecommunication, housing, health and the important is water supply.  In providing water supply infrastructure is needed good planning so that the result outcomes in right purpose and  beneficial for certain community. One of the supporting  in planning is to know social-economical condition of this community. This paper will show in general the result of coastal community social economy in Local Government, Pasir, East Kalimantan.  Kata kunci : Masyarakat nelayan, perencanaan penyediaan air bersih, kondisi sosial-ekonomi penduduk pesisir.
ALTERNATIF TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR UNTUK MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN AIR BERSIH DI DAERAH PEMUKIMAN NELAYAN Studi Kasus Perencanaan Penyediaan Air Bersih di Daerah Pedesaaan Nelayan Kab. Pasir, Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Hernaningsih Taty , Yudo Satmoko
Published: June 2020

Primary water source of people in  fisherman area in Kabupaten Pasir, Kalimantan Timur for daily water need generally is from  surface water  or deep well. Surface water is affected by water tide of sea water, so that almost all the time  in a year the water quality is salty or brakish. Beside high salt concentration, deep well quality  is also worst.  This is caused by poor environmental sanitation of fisherman community.  Rainy water use as water source alternative in problem solving for limited water drinking only provide in rainy season. Other alternative, people must find from other area where is far from their house or buy water with expensive price. To solve this critical problem is required the application of suitable  water treatment technology. This water treatment  technology must produce drinking water that meet technical standard and　 the technology is applicable, easy and cheap in operation and maintenance because it is hoped that community in that area can manage, operate  and maintenance. Kata Kunci : Penduduk nelayan, penyediaan air bersih, teknologi pengolahan air bersih.
TINJAUAN TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN LEACHATE DI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR (TPA) SAMPAH PERKOTAAN
Authors: Purwanta Wahyu
Published: June 2020

Leachate is defined as a liquid, which flows through waste and extracts suspended material or their suspension. In most landfill, leachate is consist of liquids that go into the landfill, which originated from outside the landfill, such as surface drainage, rain water, ground water, water from spring water and other liquids which produced from waste decomposition. The existence of pollutant material or minerals in water body that is originated from leachate will propose the growth of microorganisms, which are harmful for human health and reduce the aesthetic. Leachate handling could be done with several methods, such as: utilization of hydrolic characteristics by ground water adjustment, thus the leachate flows would not go into the direction of ground water. Another way of leachate handling are: landfill isolation, in order to prevent the inflow of external water and the outflow of leachate water; site selection of an area, which has a good capability of pollutant neutralization; leachate recirculation to be redirected to the solid waste pile; flowing the leachate to domestic waste treatment system and leachate processing with a certain system. Some processing techniques that are often to be used are: physical-chemical processing, such as coagulation-flocculation-settling; aerobic processing (activated sludge, stabilization pond or aeration pond); anaerobic processing, such as stabilization pond and utilization of sorption characteristics, such as active carbon. The aerobic stabilization pond system is suitable for Indonesian condition due to the availability of sunlight, simple, relatively cheap and their capability of BOD reduction above of 90% and COD reduction of above 80%.Kata Kunci : Leachate, TPA sampah, teknologi pengolahan.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM DATABASE KUALITAS AIR LIMBAH RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Wahjono Heru Dwi
Published: June 2020

Environmental pollution that happened around us in this time have resided in condition of concerning. The environmental quality recovering is not only becoming responsibility of government, but becoming responsibility of all society, especially who was causing the environmental pollution itself. Some metropolitans like Jakarta has domestic waste as dominant waste, which is not dominant hostpital waste also contributes environmental pollution in Jakarta.To decrease the pollution level of wastewater from hospital, the government of Jakarta has published the environmental regulation. The regulation contains how the hospitals in Jakarta should manage and process their wastewater. This article explain about the design and development of database system for managing the data of hospital wastewater quality, so the observation process of wastewater quality from the wastewater treatment plant for the hospital can be monitored easily and known immediately. Katakunci : database kualitas air,  kualitas air limbah rumah sakit, IPAL rumah sakit, sistem manajemen basis data.
APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR ASIN DESA TARUPA KECAMATAN TAKA BONERATE KABUPATEN SELAYAR
Authors: Widayat Wahyu
Published: June 2020

Takabonerate  is one of the 23 regencies in South Sulawesi where it is locates at the southern parth of South Sulawesi Province and it is surrounded by flores sea. As maritime regency, its mainland is 1,188.28 km2 (5.23%) and the sea is approximately 21,138.41 km2 (94.68%). It has 126 islands wich consist of small and big islands.  Tarupa village’s   a subdistrict located in a tidy and peat area. The community living in tarupa use surface water of river as the main clean water resource. The surface water is  influenced by the tide of sea water. The surface water taste is very salty (TDS12000ppm). The use of rain water as the second alternative is very limited, i.e it is only in rainy season. To deal with the chronic problem, such as the lack of clean water supply, it needs an appropriate water treatment technology. The suitable water treatment system is a combination of conventional and advanced technology. Desalination, such as Reverse Osmosis must be involved to reduce salinity of the raw water. A complete process includes the pretreatment and advance treatment. The pretreatment are oxidation and some common filtrations. The advance treatment is a molecular filtration using a membran which the principal is reverse osmosis pressure. If the pilot water treatment plant is avalaible in Tarupa in Takabonerate, the clean water supply will not be a serious problem. Generally, it can also play an important role to increase the social level of community in South Sulawesi.. Kata Kunci : Teknologi, pengolahan, air asin, reverse osmosis, air minum.