bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accelerating Large-Scale Genome-Wide Association Studies With Graphics Processors
Authors: Lu Mian , Luo Qiong
Published: May 2019

Large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) are a Big Data application due to the great amount of data to process and high computation intensity. Furthermore, numerical issues (e.g., floating point underflow) limit the data scale in some applications. Graphics Processors (GPUs) have been used to accelerate genomic data analytics, such as sequence alignment, single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) detection, and Minor Allele Frequency (MAF) computation. As MAF computation is the most time-consuming task in GWAS, the authors discuss in detail their techniques of accelerating this task using the GPU. They first present a reduction-based algorithm that better matches the GPU's data-parallelism feature than the original algorithm implemented in the CPU-based tool. Then they implement this algorithm on the GPU efficiently by carefully optimizing local memory utilization and avoiding user-level synchronization. As the MAF computation suffers from floating point underflow, the authors transform the computation to logarithm space. In addition to the MAF computation, they briefly introduce the GPU-accelerated sequence alignment and SNP detection. The experimental results show that the GPU-based GWAS implementations can accelerate state-of-the-art CPU-based tools by up to an order of magnitude.
Internet of Things and Nature-Inspired Intelligent Techniques for the Future of Biomedical Engineering
Authors: Guraksin Gur Emre
Published: May 2019

Along with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), there are many different research fields gaining importance. Because of the growing amount of data and needs for immediate access to information for dealing with the problems, different types of research fields take place within the scientific community. Internet of things (IoT) is one of them, and it enables devices to communicate with each other in order to form a general network of physical, working devices. The objective of this chapter in this manner is to provide a general discussion of using nature-inspired techniques of AI to form the future of biomedical engineering over IoT. Because it is often thought that the medical services of the future will be based on autonomous machines supported with AI and IoT, discussing such a topic by considering biomedical engineering applications will be good for the related literature.
Deep Learning and Biomedical Engineering
Authors: Sawant Suraj
Published: May 2019

Deep learning (DL) is a method of machine learning, as running over artificial neural networks, which has a structure above the standards to deal with large amounts of data. That is generally because of the increasing amount of data, input data sizes, and of course, greater complexity of objective real-world problems. Performed research studies in the associated literature show that the DL currently has a good performance among considered problems and it seems to be a strong solution for more advanced problems of the future. In this context, this chapter aims to provide some essential information about DL and its applications within the field of biomedical engineering. The chapter is organized as a reference source for enabling readers to have an idea about the relation between DL and biomedical engineering.
Biological Big Data Analysis and Visualization
Authors: U Vignesh , R Parvathi
Published: May 2019

The chapter deals with the big data in biology. The largest collection of biological data maintenance paves the way for big data analytics and big data mining due to its inefficiency in finding noisy and voluminous data from normal database management systems. This provides the domains such as bioinformatics, image informatics, clinical informatics, public health informatics, etc. for big data analytics to achieve better results with higher efficiency and accuracy in clustering, classification and association mining. The complexity measures of the health care data leads to EHR (Evidence-based HealthcaRe) technology for maintenance. EHR includes major challenges such as patient details in structured and unstructured format, medical image data mining, genome analysis and patient communications analysis through sensors – biomarkers, etc. The big biological data have many complications in their data management and maintenance especially after completing the latest genome sequencing technology, next generation sequencing which provides large data in zettabyte size.
Intelligent Techniques Inspired by Nature and Used in Biomedical Engineering
Authors: Deperlioglu Omer
Published: May 2019

Managing medical information and knowledge is becoming an increasing problem for healthcare professionals. Medical science that contains ever-increasing amounts of knowledge, such as the medical history of a patient, medical data about diseases, diagnosis and treatment methods, should be necessarily a science of information. The real problem faced by patients and healthcare providers is finding and using relevant knowledge at the right time. In this context, in the middle of 1950s, intelligent computer systems, called clinical decision support systems (CDSS), were introduced as a new concept. CDSS is defined as an active intelligent system that can help medical experts to make decisions by taking specific recommendations. Also, it provides decisions based on resolving patient-specific information and related medical truths. The objective of this chapter is to focus on these systems and explain relations with the field of artificial intelligence methods, approaches, or techniques in this manner.
Multi-Agent Systems in Three-Dimensional Protein Structure Prediction
Authors: Corrêa Leonardo de Lima , Dorn Márcio
Published: May 2019

Tertiary protein structure prediction in silico is currently a challenging problem in Structural Bioinformatics and can be classified according to the computational complexity theory as an NP-hard problem. Determining the 3-D structure of a protein is both experimentally expensive, and time-consuming. The agent-based paradigm has been shown a useful technique for the applications that have repetitive and time-consuming activities, knowledge share and management, such as integration of different knowledge sources and modeling of complex systems, supporting a great variety of domains. This chapter provides an integrated view and insights about the protein structure prediction area concerned to the usage, application and implementation of multi-agent systems to predict the protein structures or to support and coordinate the existing predictors, as well as it is advantages, issues, needs, and demands. It is noteworthy that there is a great need for works related to multi-agent and agent-based paradigms applied to the problem due to their excellent suitability to the problem.
Information Needs of Bioinformatics Researchers
Authors: Manlunching
Published: May 2019

Information plays a vital role in bioinformatics to achieve the existing bioinformatics information technologies and to identify the needs of bioinformatics researchers. The most revolutionary development for bioinformatics resources is access to the internet because internet is pervasive in all bioinformatics work. Users required various sources of information for conducting bioinformatics research. The success of the information service is more likely to be achieved by adjusting the services to meet the specific needs of an individual.
Fighting Ecomafias
Authors: Di Paola Nadia , Spanò Rosanna , Caldarelli Adele , Vona Roberto
Published: May 2019

Innovation processes are becoming increasingly central, and newer industries have become already less resource-intensive in comparison with the traditional ones. Nevertheless, this alone does not assure sustainability, which requires a step further towards economically viable, environmentally compatible, and socially responsible behaviours. This chapter addresses the issues relating to sustainable development to provide a critical discussion on the potential role played by networking relationships in the biotech field. For the purposes of the study, we employ the co-management and multi-stakeholder perspectives. We demonstrate that the biotechnology research results may be enhanced thanks to cooperation dynamics and interactions among heterogeneous actors, with undeniable cultural and social positive impacts. Also, we discuss social implications and open concerns, both with regard to the relationships within innovative networks and between institutional professional actors, allowing the identification of any grey areas and limitations, especially relevant to policy makers.
Industrial Enzyme Technology
Authors: Osho Michael Bamitale
Published: May 2019

Biotechnology, being the application of biological organisms and their components in pharmaceutical and other industrial processes, has emerged as the basic transformation tool for starch hydrolysis enzyme. Several advantages over chemical catalysts under mild environmental conditions with efficiency and high specificity have been accrued to this fact. Such include ingredient substitution through continuous fermentation, increased products yield and plant capacity, processing aid substitution, more efficient processing, less undesirable products with improved products. This chapter reports on the molecular properties of thermostable enzymes such as alpha-amylases, alpha-glucosidases, glucoamylases pullulanases as relates to pharmaceutical industries; highlights various technology development, continuous solid-state fermentation, metabolic engineering, sol-gel immobilized enzyme arrays often use in enzyme industries. The new modern biotechnology leads to improvement in the effects of various physiological conditions which may allow various industrial processes to carry out lower energy consumption, harmless to the environment, high efficiency, and the product's properties enhancement.
Usage and Diffusion of Biotechnology Virtual Labs for Enhancing University Education in India's Urban and Rural Areas
Authors: Diwakar Shyam , Radhamani Rakhi , Sujatha Gopika , Sasidharakurup Hemalatha , Shekhar Akhila , Achuthan Krishnashree , Nedungadi Prema , Raman Raghu , Nair Bipin
Published: May 2019

Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-enabled virtual laboratories provide an online learning experience with the aid of computer-based instructional materials (animation, simulation, and remote-trigger experiments) for improving the active learning process. The project reported on in this chapter was set up in order to enhance university and college education, which is now becoming an advanced training environment for solving the geographical, social, and economic challenges faced in the interdisciplinary field of science education, especially in India. In order to study the role of biotechnology virtual laboratories in the current education system, a pedagogical survey, via workshops and online feedback, was carried out among several student and teacher groups of different Indian universities. This chapter reports how virtual labs in biotechnology can be used to improve teaching and learning experiences in an easy and understandable way with user interaction and how such tools serve to effectively reduce the problems of laboratory education especially in remote areas. The results obtained from user-feedback analysis suggest the use of virtual labs as a recommended component in blended education in large classroom scenarios for enhancing autonomous learning process and as an alternative to enhance lab education in geographically remote and economically challenged institutes.
Open Access Journal in Bioinformatics
Authors: Pareek Rekha , Kumar Sudhir
Published: May 2019

Bioinformatics is rapidly growing, interdisciplinary field of science, where methods from information technology, computer science, mathematics, and statistics are used to solve problems of biological science. To access latest scholarly articles in such an important branch one cannot deny the importance of open access journals. In this chapter an attempt has been made to access the current status of open access journals of bioinformatics which are covered by Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) on various parameters like country and language of publication, their currency, impact factor, article processing charges, copyright licensing model they are using, platform for hosting and their coverage in abstracting/indexing databases.
A Prospective Study on Emerging Role of Phytoremediation by Endophytic Microorganisms
Authors: Verma Amita , Shukla Parjanya Kumar
Published: May 2019

Colonies of endophytes are excellent example of beneficial association with most plants in their natural state. Endophytic colonies and plant associations are beneficial in many ways such as supplying biologically fixed nitrogen, regulation of phytohormone production thus enhancing the plant growth, resistance to environmental stress etc. these associations are also important for the agriculture and industries because they produce important medicinal, agriculture and industrial compounds as endophytic metabolites. When we concern about the waste management, degradation and biotransformation of several toxins, the phytoremediation by using endophytes has been developed as important tool. Current chapter reviles, study and collect most of important knowledge, recent ongoing research, technologies, roles and advancements in biodegradation and biotransformation of different types of toxic wastes and their effects on environment with phytoremediation by endophytes.
Relevance of lactate level detection in migrane and fibromyalgia
Authors: Proia Patrizia , Amato Alessandra , Contrò Valentina , Lo Monaco Alessandra , Brusa Jessica , Brighina Filippo , Messina Giuseppe
Published: May 2019

The aim of this study was to determine the blood lactate levels in healthy and pathological subjects, particularly with migraine and fibromyalgia. Moreover we investigated the possible correlation between lactate concentration, postural stability and balance disorders; the composition of the groups were: migraine (n = 25; age 49.7 ± 12.5), fibromyalgia (n = 10; age 43.7 ± 21.2), control group (n = 16 age 28.52 ± 2.4). The results showed that patients with fibromyalgia (FG) had higher lactate levels compared to migraine (MG) and control group (CG) (mean ± sd: FG = 1.78 ± 0.9 mmol/L; MG = 1.45±1 mmol/L; CG = 0,85 ± 0,07 mmol/L). The same situation was highlighted about the sway path length with eyes closed (FG = 518 ± 195 mm; MG = 465 ± 165 mm; CG = 405 ± 94,72 mm) and with eyes open (FG = 430 ± 220 mm; MG = 411 ± 143 mm; CG = 389 ± 107 mm). This can be explained by the fact that energy-intensive postural strategies must be used to optimize both static and dynamic coordination, in particular with repeated contractions of tonic oxidative muscle cells responsible for postural control.
Predicting spatial distribution patterns and hotspots of fish assemblage in a coastal basin of the central-south of Chile, by geostatistical techniques
Authors: Catchpole Sam , Rivera Reinaldo , Hernández Cristián E. , De La Peña Javiera , González Pablo
Published: May 2019

Currently the application of geographic information systems in the subjects of biology and ecology has facilitated the study patterns of distribution, richness y diversity of species. However, in freshwater ecosystems the application of geostatistical analysis are scarcely used in the worldwide, including Chile. Therefore, in our study we developed predictive maps using simple Kriging (resolution 12.5 x 12.5 m), based on richness and Shannon-Weaver diversity, and we analyzed spatial autocorrelation of fish assemblages (Moran and Getis-Ord index) present in the Andalién River basin. Our results established a fish assemblage composition of 24 species, most of them native (79%) and with endanger conservation status. Predictive maps showed highest values of richness and diversity of fish species in the potamon zone of the Andalién and Nonguén streams, while the low values were described in the Chaimavida sub-basin and the transition zone of Andalién River. The Moran and Getis-Ord index determined a cluster pattern of the data and define hotspot and coldspot zones, concordant with the predictive maps of richness and Shannon-Weaver diversity. The geostatistical and spatial techniques showed to be relevant tools for the determination of distribution patterns of freshwater species and conservation issues.
Existence, uniqueness and concentration for a system of PDEs involving the Laplace–Beltrami operator
Authors: Amar Micol , Gianni Roberto
Published: May 2019

In this paper we derive a model for heat diffusion in a composite medium in which the different components are separated by thermally active interfaces. The previous result is obtained via a concentrated capacity procedure and leads to a non-standard system of PDEs involving a Laplace–Beltrami operator acting on the interface. For such a system well-posedness is proved using contraction mapping and abstract parabolic problems theory. Finally, the exponential convergence (in time) of the solutions of our system to a steady state is proved.
Constrained adversarial loss for generative adversarial network‐based faithful image restoration
Authors: Kim Dong‐Wook , Chung Jae‐Ryun , Kim Jongho , Lee Dae Yeol , Jeong Se Yoon , Jung Seung‐Won
Published: May 2019

Generative adversarial networks (GAN) have been successfully used in many image restoration tasks, including image denoising, super‐resolution, and compression artifact reduction. By fully exploiting its characteristics, state‐of‐the‐art image restoration techniques can be used to generate images with photorealistic details. However, there are many applications that require faithful rather than visually appealing image reconstruction, such as medical imaging, surveillance, and video coding. We found that previous GAN‐training methods that used a loss function in the form of a weighted sum of fidelity and adversarial loss fails to reduce fidelity loss. This results in non‐negligible degradation of the objective image quality, including peak signal‐to‐noise ratio. Our approach is to alternate between fidelity and adversarial loss in a way that the minimization of adversarial loss does not deteriorate the fidelity. Experimental results on compression‐artifact reduction and super‐resolution tasks show that the proposed method can perform faithful and photorealistic image restoration.
Revisiting the Agung 1963 volcanic forcing – impact of one or two eruptions
Authors: Niemeier Ulrike , Timmreck Claudia , Krüger Kirstin
Published: May 2019

Abstract. In 1963 a series of eruptions of Mt. Agung, Indonesia, resulted in the 3rd largest eruption of the 20th century and claimed about 1900 lives. Two eruptions of this series injected SO2 into the stratosphere, a requirement to get a long lasting stratospheric sulfate layer. The first eruption on March 17th injected 4.7 Tg SO2 into the stratosphere, the second eruption 2.3 Tg SO2 on May, 16th. In recent volcanic emission data sets these eruption phases are merged together to one large eruption phase for Mt. Agung in March 1963 with an injection rate of 7 Tg SO2. The injected sulfur forms a sulfate layer in the stratosphere. The evolution of sulfur is non-linear and depends on the injection rate and aerosol background conditions. We performed ensembles of two model experiments, one with a single and a second one with two eruptions. The two smaller eruptions result in a lower burden, smaller particles and 0.1 to 0.3 Wm−2 (10–20 %) lower radiative forcing in monthly mean global average compared to the individual eruption experiment. The differences are the consequence of slightly stronger meridional transport due to different seasons of the eruptions, lower injection height of the second eruption and the resulting different aerosol evolution. The differences between the two experiments are significant but smaller than the variance of the individual ensemble means. Overall, the evolution of the volcanic clouds is different in case of two eruptions than with a single eruption only. We conclude that there is no justification to use one eruption only and both climatic eruptions should be taken into account in future emission datasets.
ACTION RECOGNITION USING UNDECIMATED DUAL TREE COMPLEX WAVELET TRANSFORM FROM DEPTH MOTION MAPS / DEPTH SEQUENCES
Authors: Shekar B. H. , Rathnakara Shetty P. , Sharmila Kumari M. , Mestetsky L.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Accumulating the motion information from a video sequence is one of the highly challenging and significant phase in Human Action Recognition. To achieve this, several classical and compact representations are proposed by the research community with proven applicability. In this paper, we propose a compact Depth Motion Map based representation methodology with hastey striding, consisely accumulating the motion information. We extract Undecimated Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transform features from the proposed DMM, to form an efficient feature descriptor. We designate a Sequential Extreme Learning Machine for classifying the human action secquences on benchmark datasets, MSR Action 3D dataset and DHA Dataset. We empirically prove the feasability of our method under standard protocols, achieving proven results.
3D RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN MUMMY SKELETON FROM THE PUSHKIN STATE MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS (I,1 1240)
Authors: Vasilyev S. V. , Vasilyeva O. A. , Galeev R. M. , Dyuzheva O. P. , Novikov M. , Chichaev I. A. , Yatsishina E. B.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The aim of this study was to obtain a non-destructive three-dimensional model of the ancient Egyptian mummy skeleton from the collection of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (I,1 1240). The objective of this research was to study the possibility of precise segmentation of bone structures and their separation from the surrounding mummified soft tissues, as well as the reconstruction of destroyed bone fragments according to the preserved shape. With the help of additive technology made all fragments of the skeleton, including the distal phalanx. The digital models and plastic reconstructions of historical artifacts can be used for further research, for example, the biomechanical and morphometric ones, as well as for the purpose of information and education, or as a supplement to the original museum objects.
Las rutinas en la crónica periodística: el proceso de producción de los autores ecuatorianos en las revistas especializadas
Authors: Benavides Jeovanny
Published: May 2019

Las rutinas en la crónica periodística: el proceso de producción de los autores ecuatorianos en las revistas especializadas
La divulgación de la salud a través de Radio Nacional de España durante la temporada 2014-15. ¿Cuánto se ha hablado, cómo y de qué?
Authors: Blasco García Carlos
Published: May 2019

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo centrado en la temporada radiofónica 2014-15 de Radio Nacional de España. Se analizó la presencia de contenidos relativos a la temática "salud" en los programas "Las Mañanas de RNE", "España vuelta y vuelta", "Esto me suena, las tardes del ciudadano García" y "No es un día cualquiera", respondiendo a la pregunta de investigación ¿cuánto se ha hablado, cómo y de qué? Se analizaron 811 podcast en base a 26 variables. Las principales conclusiones a las que se llegó fueron estas: la temática "salud" fue ampliamente tratada a lo largo de la temporada estudiada, la fuente de información no fue siempre un profesional de la salud y los oyentes pudieron preguntar, expresar su punto de vista y resolver sus dudas siempre que se les permitió su participación en el programa.
Jóvenes y videojuegos. Percepciones sobre su tratamiento informativo en los medios de comunicación
Authors: Estanyol Elisenda , Montaña Mireia , Planells Antonio José
Published: May 2019

Los videojuegos se han convertido en una potente industria que goza ya de más de medio siglo de implantación en nuestra sociedad, siendo los jóvenes los que más participan en el juego digital. Esta investigación analiza las opiniones sobre los videojuegos de este grupo poblacional, concretamente los jóvenes españoles de entre 16 y 35 años, centrándose en su percepción sobre el tratamiento informativo en los medios de comunicación. El estudio, pionero en España, se ha basado en una encuesta con una muestra formada por 1.000 jóvenes residentes en el país realizada entre el 20 y el 31 de mayo de 2017. Los resultados ponen de relieve que la percepción entre los jóvenes sobre el tratamiento informativo de los videojuegos es diferente a la que ellos mismos tienen sobre los efectos del juego digital, destacando que, en su opinión, los medios ofrecen una imagen más negativa.
Los géneros televisivos y la audiencia en diferido en España: la ficción vence a la actualidad
Authors: Gallardo-Camacho Jorge , Lavín Eva
Published: May 2019

En esta investigación analizamos qué programas de televisión tienen mayor peso en la audiencia en diferido con respecto a su emisión lineal en España. Para ello planteamos dos hipótesis: la H1 afirma que los géneros más consumidos en diferido son los vinculados a la ficción frente a los programas de actualidad, de entretenimiento o las retransmisiones en directo; y la H2 asegura que los contenidos de ficción son los que experimentan el mayor incremento porcentual de su audiencia tradicional gracias a la suma del consumo en diferido. Ambas hipótesis quedarán demostradas a través de una metodología basada en el análisis de los 10 programas más vistos en diferido cada día durante 9 meses hasta alcanzar una muestra de 2.750 obras audiovisuales. En definitiva, con este artículo realizamos la primera propuesta de clasificación por géneros de los programas de televisión más consumidos en España según su audiencia en diferido.
El cartel de cine como nueva forma de humor gráfico en la España del siglo XXI. Influencias comunicativas.
Authors: Márquez Israel
Published: May 2019

En este trabajo reflexionamos sobre una nueva tendencia característica de los últimos años de emplear carteles de cine de películas clásicas y contemporáneas para ejercer una crítica política en clave humorística. A partir de herramientas digitales como Photoshop, los propios espectadores/usuarios están reimaginando y resignificando el tradicional cartel cinematográfico como una nueva forma de humor gráfico que retrata ingeniosamente la actualidad política de un país. En este trabajo nos detenemos en el caso de España, donde es posible observar varios ejemplos de este tipo de carteles manipulados digitalmente mediante los cuales los propios usuarios -y no ya únicamente los dibujantes y medios tradicionales- están retratando y denunciando la actualidad política española a través del humor.
El periodismo portugués en California. Notas históricas sobre el "Jornal Português" de Oakland (1932-1997)
Authors: Pena Rodríguez Alberto
Published: May 2019

La historia del periodismo portugués en los Estados Unidos de América se puede narrar a través de la producción informativa de decenas de periódicos fundados en diversos estados que se fueron publicando desde finales del siglo XIX, con mayor o menor éxito. La mayoría fueron efímeros y tuvieron una escasa repercusión periodística. Sin embargo, otros desarrollaron proyectos ambiciosos y consiguieron alcanzar altas cotas de popularidad en la comunidad lusófona, difundiendo noticias relacionadas con la colonia de inmigrantes, Portugal y los Estados Unidos. Uno de los casos más paradigmáticos fue el semanario californiano Jornal Português, fundado en la ciudad de Oakland en 1932 y publicado de forma ininterrumpida hasta 1997. Con una metodología esencialmente cualitativa basada en fuentes de archivos portugueses y norteamericanos, este trabajo describe y analiza algunos de sus episodios históricos más interesantes para comprender la relevancia de este periódico en la diáspora portuguesa en California.
Instrumentos de rendición de cuentas externos a los medios: los casos de Andalucía y la CAPV
Authors: Suárez Villegas Juan Carlos , Zuberogoitia Espilla Aitor , Gostín Elorza Andrés
Published: May 2019

Este artículo analiza los instrumentos de rendición de cuentas externos a los medios en Andalucía y la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco (CAPV), que serían los siguientes: asociaciones de espectadores; colegios, sindicatos y asociaciones de periodistas; consejos de prensa, consejos audiovisuales y observatorios de medios; códigos éticos y recomendaciones; blogs sobre periodismo; y grupos de investigación académicos. Una perspectiva comparativa permite conocer el estado de estos mecanismos deontológicos y establecer comparaciones pertinentes sobre su eficacia en la tarea de velar por la responsabilidad social de los medios de comunicación.
Imagen de España en la prensa internacional de referencia durante la crisis político-institucional posterior al 20D
Authors: Vázquez Barrio Tamara , Sánchez Giménez Juan Antonio , Sotos Olmo Elena
Published: May 2019

Resumen. En 2016 España acaparó portadas de todo el mundo debido a la crisis político-institucional provocada por una fragmentación electoral inédita. El 13 de enero comenzaba la legislatura más corta y era el punto de inicio de una crisis que implicó un año sin gobierno. En este artículo se explora la imagen que la prensa mundial ofreció sobre estos acontecimientos y su influencia sobre la opinión pública internacional. La investigación se organiza en dos fases, la primera mide la presencia de España en la prensa escrita mundial mediante un análisis de contenido cuantitativo. La segunda fase analiza la información sobre la crisis política e institucional en una muestra de 1.127 artículos publicados en 17 periódicos de referencia. La principal conclusión es que la información mundial sobre España en 2016 se centra en la crisis política, pero además del bloqueo parlamentario, sus causas y consecuencias, emergen como temas centrales la corrupción, la crisis del PSOE y el proceso independentista en Cataluña. A pesar de ello, la imagen de España no parece haberse deteriorado según los índices de marca país consultados.
Harold Pinter's Aging Male Speakers: Affect of Exhaustion and Metaphors of Agency
Authors: Chattopadhyay Arka
Published: May 2019

Does speech evoke exhaustion as a subjective affect in the experience of aging? The article traces this question by navigating through the plays of Harold Pinter. Cognitive experiments and social studies on “ageism” variously approach the effect of aging on language. Inverting this causality, the article shows how the elderly “frenemies” in Pinter's No Man's Land suggest linguistic exhaustion as the affective cause (and not effect) of aging. No Man's Land offers a culmination by not only indicating this exhaustion but also by glimpsing the agency of old age in a metaphoric capture that offers resolution. Pinter aestheticizes this “no man”s land” by turning it into a poetic metaphor, which bears an implicit critique of negative ageism. Situating the poetics of aging in dramatic language and anchoring it in the debate about the “conceptual” or “linguistic” status of metaphor opens up the exact nature of Pinter's metaphors.
“Men of choice and rarest parts”: The Representation of the Knights in Harold Pinter's Screenplay for The Tragedy of King Lear
Authors: Morton Charles
Published: May 2019

This article examines the way in which Harold Pinter depicted the knights in his screenplay for William Shakespeare's The Tragedy of King Lear in 2000. The surviving screenplay demonstrates a fascinating engagement with the text and an insight into how Pinter imagined the play working on screen. His characterization of the knights and their role in Lear's story is built up through additions and alterations made to the text as Pinter “opens out” the stage world of Shakespeare's source text. The social and political structures of the kingdom are represented through the “programmatic violence of the knights,” which is eventually turned against Lear. By exploring Pinter's representation of the knights in his adaptation, this article will highlight Pinter's understanding of the source text, his method of adapting it, and his interaction with the play's existing legacy.
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE CLIMA DE SEGURANÇA E A CARGA DE TRABALHO DA ENFERMAGEM
Authors: De Souza Verusca Soares , De Oliveira João Lucas Campos , Costa Maria Antônia Ramos , De Vicente Grazieli , Mendonça Renata Rodrigues , Matsuda Laura Misue
Published: May 2019

Objetivo: verificar a associação entre clima de segurança e carga de trabalho dos profissionais de enfermagem de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Método: estudo transversal e analítico, com coleta de dados de junho a outubro de 2014, em um hospital público do estado do Paraná, utilizando os instrumentos Safety Attitudes Questionnaire e Nursing Activities Score. Utilizou-se a mediana do Nursing Activities Score da unidade (571 pontos) como ponto de corte e os escores do Safety Attitudes Questionnaire foram dicotomizados entre profissionais submetidos à alta carga de trabalho (>571 pontos). Resultados: obteve-se associação entre três domínios do SAQ: clima de trabalho em equipe (p= 0,010) clima de segurança (p=0,009) e satisfação no trabalho (p-valor 0,020). Conclusão: os resultados podem embasar ações voltadas à obtenção de melhores condições de trabalho e, consequentemente, à satisfação profissional e qualidade do cuidado.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE MULHERES TRANSEXUAIS COM HIV/AIDS
Authors: Abreu Paula Daniella De , Araújo Ednaldo Cavalcante de , Vasconcelos Eliane Maria Ribeiro de , Moura Jefferson Wildes Da Silva , Heráclio Isabela De Lucena , Santos Zailde Carvalho dos , Santos Claudia Benedita dos
Published: May 2019

Objetivo: compreender a qualidade de vida de mulheres transexuais que vivem com HIV/AIDS.Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, exploratório, realizado em 2017 com seis mulheres transexuais, em um hospital de referência para HIV/AIDS em Pernambuco, Brasil. Gravaram-se e se transcreveram as entrevistas com programa Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, pela técnica da Análise de Similitude.Resultados: obtiveram-se as classes: “Vulnerabilidade ao HIV/AIDS e as implicações para o enfrentamento”; “Adesão ao tratamento do HIV/AIDS e o contexto programático”.Considerações finais: considera-se que a condição de viver com o HIV/AIDS para as mulheres transexuais vai muito além da doença, envolve o sofrimento íntimo mediante a violência social, negação dos direitos humanos e vulnerabilidade, o que limita seu desenvolvimento pessoal e social e impacta no conjunto de condições humanas para o alcance da qualidade de vida.
Effect of Sonication Pre-treatment of TiO2 Catalyst for Photo-Degradation of Acid Orange 7 Azo Dye
Authors: Kariuki D. K. , Tum P. K.
Published: May 2019

In this study, Acid Orange 7 azo dye was degraded on TiO2 catalyst layer illuminated with ultra-violet light. The TiO2 suspension had prior been sonicated at 20 kHz before electrophoretic deposition on smooth stainless steel surfaces, with the aim of increasing the efficiency of azo dyes degradation. The effect of sonication on the TiO2 suspension of 10 g.L-1 and electrophoretic deposition loading to layers on surfaces was studied. Morphological properties of the electrophoretic layers from two different suspensions, Alpha and Sigma TiO2 were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy to establish the specific surface properties, particle loading and crystalline sizes. A four–position reactor was used for dye degradation experiments under Ultra Violet light at 355 nm wavelength. The degradation of the azo dye was monitored at 30minutes interval for a total of 2 hours using Ultra Violet-Visible Spectrophotometer at λ = 485 nm. It was found out that 60% of dye degradation was achieved after 120 minutes without sonication pretreatment. Sonication pre-treatment resulted in 71.42% increase on the rate of photo-degradation, at a loading of 0.32 mg/cm2. Particulate layers coated with Alpha TiO2 showed more photoactivity compared to Sigma TiO2. Scanning Electron Microscopy indicated that Alpha TiO2 had  50 m2/g surface area and  28 nm crystal size compared to Sigma TiO2 with 10 m2/g and 169 nm crystal size. This study shows that sonication pretreatment of Alpha TiO2 /UV light system is most effective in photo-degrading Acid Orange 7 dye.
Environmental Discourse: A Comparative Ecocritical Study of Pakistani and American Fiction in English
Authors: Makhdoom Monazza , Yaqoob Munazza
Published: May 2019

This article is an overview of how language communicates and construes humanity’s relationship to the environment in different cultural contexts. With reference to Moth Smoke (2012), Trespassing (2005), White Noise (1999) and A Thousand Acres (1991) the study explores particularities of American and Pakistani environmental discourse. Informed by interdisciplinary approaches like ecocriticism and toxic discourse the analysis seeks to demonstrate writers’ engagement with issues and concerns on environmental degradation. The purpose of the study is to explore the plurality of perspectives that are required to address the environmental contamination taking place globally. To understand the fundamental premise of how different cultures view and frame ecological crisis especially in the form of toxicity, pollution and contamination, this article briefly examines the selected Pakistani and American writers’ representation of their society’s ecological relationship with the living and non-living world recognising the complex altering relationship between the environment and the social sphere.
Impact of Use of Language on Audience’s Perception: A Qualitative Analysis of Speeches by Hillary Clinton
Authors: Alqahtani Hanaa Ali
Published: May 2019

Discourse is a fundamental factor to communicate and to identify a language or use of language. Therefore, the language used in political discourse is important for the candidates to persuade the voters. In the light of Hillary Clinton’s political discourses, interviews and debates, the present study aims to identify the impact of her language on audience’s perception. A total of Clinton’s 29 debates and 3 interviews have been extracted from YouTube, which were transcribed in the written text. The findings of the study revealed that pronouns, metaphors, and rhetoric aspects in the speeches fulfil the strategic communicative functions. This allows the study to present a political agenda, identify the important issues, and highlight her political actions. The media portrayal of Clinton’s leadership skills and language used in political speeches had a great impact on the voters. Therefore, more research should be conducted to recognize what voters want from a female candidate as a president.
Analysis of Health Risk Factors in the Vegetable Production Chain in the City of N'Djamena-Chad
Authors: Markhous Nazal Alhadj , Tidjani Abdelsalam , Doutoum Abdelsalam Adoum , Doungous Djamalladine M. , Amoukou Ibrahim , Abdourahamane Balla
Published: May 2019

Several market gardeners have settled in the city and supply urban markets with fresh vegetables throughout the year. Despite their nutritional importance, market gardening products may carry health risks. The objective of this study is to identify and analyse the potential risk factors that could lead to the appearance of microbiological and physicochemical hazards in the production chain of fresh vegetables from these market gardening operations. The work was carried out in 5 permanent market gardening sites in the city of N'Djamena (Chad, Africa) and involved 96 market gardeners surveyed. Data related to production methods were collected. Standard methods were used to carry out microbiological analysis tests on 15 samples of vegetables and fruits taken from 3 sites.The results of the survey show that urban market gardening in N'Djamena is dominated by two plant species: lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and rocket (Eruca sativa). It is geared towards the production of leafy vegetables. The health risks associated with the conditions of production are numerous and real: the proximity of roads, the use of dirty water for irrigation, the overdose of chemical fertilizers (urea) and pesticides, and finally the unhygienic harvesting and transport. The high-water content of fresh vegetables and the lack of processes for the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms also do not guarantee the sanitary quality of the vegetables produced and can thus increase the risk of foodborne infections. The results of the microbiological evaluation showed the presence of germs pathogens including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas spp. and Salmonella sp. in vegetable and fruit. Therefore, the best strategy to obtain a healthy product is to educate producers on good agricultural practices including reasoned fertilization, clean water, treated wastewater, approved pesticides.
On Liouvillian Solutions of Third Order Homogeneous Linear Differential Equations
Authors: Okko Noura
Published: May 2019

In this article we will consider third order homogeneous diﬀerential equations:  L(y)=y'''+a_1y'+a_0y(a_0,a_1 ∈k) whose Galois group G（L） is imprimitive. This case is characterised by the fact that the third symmetric power equation L ^ⓢ3(y)=0 has an exponential solution whose square is rational (Singer & Ulmer 1993). If L(y)=0 has a Liouvillian solution z whose logarithmic derivative u=z'/z  is algebraic over a differential field (k,') ,we will give an algorithm to find the relation between a_0, a_1 , the semi-invariant S=Y_1Y_2Y_3 which is unique up to multiplication by a constant, the coefficients C_0, C_1 of the minimal polynomial P(u) of u  and their derivatives. The aim of this work is to diminutize the number of constants C_m  stated in the algorithm of Singer & Ulmer (Singer & Ulmer 1993 Algorithm p. 31) whose determination is not easy to do, and we will achieve this by using Groebner Basis.
Aspekty prawne przeciwdziałania i zwalczania prania pieniędzy w Polsce. Wyzwanie dla polskich instytucji finansowych
Authors: Brulińska Małgorzata
Published: May 2019

This publication consists of two parts: The first part concerns new challenges, which financial institutions will have to meet on the basis of the new act on counteracting money laundering and financing of terrorism (Dz.U. 2018, item 723), which came into force on 13 July 2018 and implement the provisions of Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council (EU) 2015/849 of 20 May 2015 to the Polish legal system. and introduces revised Financial Task Force (FATF) recommendations. The changes are aimed to increasing the effectiveness of the national system of counteracting money laundering and financing of terrorism and will have a significant impact on the functioning of the Polish financial institutions. The second part focuses on presenting long-term challenges in the area of AML (Anti-Money Laundering) / FTR (Financial Transaction Report) that will be faced by Polish financial institutions. The research problem is the question, which legal challenges will appear for the Polish institutions at the time of entry into force of the Act of 1 March 2018 on counteracting money laundering and financing of terrorism and what new challenges will face the legislator (and not only legislator) in the further future.
Elektronizacja postępowania mediacyjnego jako wyzwanie dla polskiego systemu rozwiązywania sporów
Authors: Czapska Karolina
Published: May 2019

Online mediation is a convenient and fast way to resolve disputes. The experience of the United States and European countries shows that the electronic method can be successfully carried out. Therefore, using the achievements of other countries, it is worth to develop amicable dispute resolution methods by electronic means. This carries many opportunities as well as challenges for the Polish legal order. This publication discusses the development of online mediation in the world and the opportunities it brings, both for the parties to the proceedings and for the mediator. Online mediation can be a new challenge for the mediator, which will contribute to the development of his skills. I will also discuss the legal, psychological and technological aspects of the phenomenon in question. The psychological skills of the mediator and their development on a different area – the online level, is a key issue.
Wpis w postępowaniu wieczystoksięgowym – między tradycją a nowoczesnością
Authors: Dzierzbicki Cezary
Published: May 2019

The article contents the origins of the entries in the land registers and their evolution especially after Poland regained its independence. In this regard it is necessary to determine the features of entries in the land registers as the specific form of judgments and also annotation or orders. The article shows the phenomenon the broader application new technology in the sphere of disclosing of property rights on real estate especially by the using communication and information system. The author also describes electronic land register proceedings and their co – existence with traditional form of proceedings, as well as possibilities of creating common system of information about real estate between the European countries – European land register.
Transport autonomiczny a polskie prawo w kolejnym 100-leciu niepodległości
Authors: Frania Aleksandra
Published: May 2019

The article presents legal challenges, that must be tackled by Polish jurisprudence in the upcoming next hundred years of Polish independence. As the key challenge, the author has indicated adaptation of Polish law to an increasingly common use of artificial intelligence in everyday life. But, the author focused his attention to use of artificial intelligence in transport. Concepts of this issue sanctioning were indicated on examples of European Union and the United States of America.
Wpływ prawa Unii Europejskiej na polską politykę regionalną
Authors: Wojnarowski Konrad
Published: May 2019

The article presents the impact of European Union law on the development of supra-local self-government structures in Poland. In the literature, it is estimated that the self-governmental reform of 1998 assuming the establishment of self-government voivodships and poviats enabled Poland to effectively join the implementation of regional development policy. The voivodship self-government and poviat became the basis of the institutional infrastructure together with the commune, enabling efficient acquisition of the Structural Funds and the EU Cohesion Fund.