bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping refugee populations at high-resolution by unlocking humanitarian administrative data
Authors: Darin Edith , Dicko Ahmadou Hamady , Galal Hisham , Jimenez Rebeca Moreno , Park Hyunju , Tatem Andrew J. , Qader Sarchil
Published: December 2023

Background
Informing local decision-making, improving service delivery, and designing household surveys requires having access to high spatial resolution mapping of the targeted population. However, this detailed spatial information remains unavailable for specific population subgroups, such as refugees, a vulnerable group that would significantly benefit from focused interventions. Given the continuous increase in the number of refugees, reaching an all-time high of 35.3 million people in 2022, it is imperative to develop models that can accurately inform about their spatial locations, enabling better and more tailored assistance.
Methods
We leverage routinely collected registration data on refugees and combine it with high-resolution population maps, satellite imagery derived settlement maps and other spatial covariates to disaggregate observed refugee totals into 100m grid cells. We suggest a deterministic grid cell allocation inside monitored refugee sites based on building count and a random-forest derived grid cell allocation outside refugee sites based on geolocating the textual geographic information in the refugee register and on high-resolution population mapping. We test the method in Cameroon using the registration database monitored by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
Results
Using OpenStreetMap, 83% of the manually inputted information in the registration database could be geolocated. The building footprint layer derived from satellite imagery by Ecopia AI offers extensive coverage within monitored refugee sites, although manual digitization was still required in rapidly evolving settings. The high-resolution mapping of refugees on a 100m grid basis provides an unparalleled level of spatial detail, enabling valuable geospatial insights for informed local decision-making.
Conclusions
Gathering information on forcibly displaced persons in sparse data-setting environment can quickly become very costly. Therefore, it is critical to gain the most knowledge from operational data that is frequently collected, such as registration databases. Integrating it with ancillary information derived from satellite imagery paves the way for obtaining more timely and spatially precise information to better deliver services and enhance sampling frame for target data collection exercises that further improves the quality of information on people in need.
Association of Systemic Immune-inflammation Index and Systemic Inflammation Response Index with Chronic Kidney Disease: Observational Study of 40,937 Adults
Authors: Huang Peixian , Mai Yanpei , Zhao Jun , Yi Yushan , Wen Yaqing
Published: December 2023

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to immunity and inflammation. SII and SIRI are novel measures for gauging an individual's systemic inflammatory activity. We aim to investigate the potential associations between them.
Methods
This study encompassed a cohort of 40,937 adults. Logistic regression models assessed the association of SII and SIRI levels with CKD prevalence. Cox regression models were utilized to estimate the risk of death.
Results
6986 participants with CKD were recorded, and 2818 patients died during a mean follow-up time of 100 months. After adjusting for all covariates, higher levels of SII, SIRI increased the CKD incidence [ORQuartile4 (95% CI): 1.545 (1.422–1.679); 1.756 (1.610–1.916), respectively] compared with the low-level reference group (Ptrend < 0.05). The high levels of SII significantly increased all-cause, cardiovascular, and hypertension mortality in patients [HRQuartile4 (95% CI): 1.277 (1.145–1.426); 1.467 (1.197–1.798); 1.715 (1.320–2.228), respectively] (Ptrend < 0.001). Additionally, there existed noteworthy positive associations in SIRI [1.679 (1.480–1.906); 2.159 (1.706–2.732); 2.411 (1.802–3.227), respectively] (Ptrend < 0.001). Subgroup analyses unveiled variations in these effects among different populations.
Conclusion
There existed a substantial association of SII and SIRI levels with CKD prevalence in the general populace, as well as mortality in patients with CKD.
Synchronization of Two Indirectly Coupled Singly Resonant Optical Parametric Oscillators
Authors: Mahmoud M. S , Medhat M. , El-Nashar Hassan F.
Published: December 2023

We analyse a system of a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator for a second order nonlinear material. First, we show that the dynamics of the resonating cavity signal mode can be expressed by a Stuart-Landau oscillator, for a certain pumping powers close to the threshold. Second, we couple two optical parametric oscillators indirectly via a cold resonator. When the condition of a weak coupling is satisfied, the limit-cycle of each oscillator is unaltered, and the system is described by a coupled phase oscillator model (Kuramoto model), where a frequency synchronization of the two oscillators occurs at a critical coupling constant.
Human reasoning on social interactions in naturalistic context: insights from the theory of mind brain circuits.
Authors: Isernia Sara , Pirastru Alice , Rossetto Federica , Cacciatore Diego M. , Cazzoli Marta , Blasi Valeria , Baksh R. Asaad , MacPherson Sarah E. , Baglio Francesca
Published: December 2023

The relationship between neural social cognition patterns and performance on social cognition tasks in daily life is a topic of debate, with key consideration given to the extent to which theory of mind (ToM) brain circuits share properties reflecting the naturalistic context. To test implicit and explicit mentalizing in naturalistic context, we used an experimental fMRI paradigm that provided brain activation within the ToM brain circuits. We conducted the experiment on 42 adults and found that only explicit mentalizing, which involved silent viewing and two-choice answers, elicited activation of ToM neural circuits when animations of everyday social interactions were presented. We also observed that the nature of ToM reasoning, i.e., affective or cognitive, played a significant role in activating different neural circuits. By considering the condition (implicit vs explicit) and nature (affective vs cognitive) of social interactions in naturalistic context, we can understand the similarities and differences across ToM brain circuits during social interactions.
Overexpression of CTBP1 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, and Stemness in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Wang Jinyu , Huang Yuzhen , Tian Chenfan , Zheng Yunfeng , Kong Wei , Jiang Peng
Published: December 2023

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common cancers in the female reproductive system, exhibiting a continuous rise in incidence. This study investigated the role of C-terminal binding protein1 (CtBP1) in EC, our research found that CtBP1 was upregulated in endometrial cancer tissues and was associated with poor prognosis in patients. Decreasing CtBP1 levels inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and migration while promoting apoptosis. Conversely, overexpressing CtBP1 produces contrary effects. In animal models, suppressing CtBP1 significantly impedes the tumorigenicity of EC cells. Furthermore, CtBP1 expression was found to be elevated in endometrial cancer stem cells (ECSCs), and its expression correlated positively with the strength of cancer stemness of EC. We also observed that CtBP1 did not affect TCF4 expression in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway but interacted with TCF-4 at the protein level. This study highlighted the significant role of CtBP1 in proliferation, migration, invasion of endometrial cancer, and maintenance of endometrial cancer stemness, potentially providing a new therapeutic target for the treatment of endometrial cancer.
The Effect of Customer Relationship Management on Market Performance: a Mediating Model
Authors: Tekle kiflu chekole
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the effect of customer relationship management (CRM) on market performance. Customer satisfaction was adopted as a mediator in the relationship between CRM and market performance. In volatile markets, a company's reputation is heavily reliant on customer satisfaction. Therefore, the current study is conducted in the case of five-star hotels in Addis Abeba. The researcher sampled 270 respondents and used primary and secondary data for data collection. The findings of the study revealed that customer satisfaction plays a crucial mediating role in the connection between customer relationships and market performance. When customers are satisfied with their hotel experience, it increases their loyalty to the establishment. This loyalty, in turn, positively influences the hotel's market performance. This research aims to contribute to the existing literature by identifying the mediating effect of customer satisfaction between customer relationship management and market performance in a selected five-star hotel in Addis Ababa. These findings of the study highlight the importance of focusing on customer satisfaction, as it acts as a key driver in shaping the overall market performance of a hotel.
Comprehensive genomic analysis of Burkholderia arboris PN-1 reveals its biocontrol potential against Fusarium solani induced root rot in Panax notoginseng
Authors: Yang Yun , Wang Haoji , Tu Jielei , Li Yan , Guan Huilin
Published: December 2023

Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H. Chen, a valuable traditional Chinese medicine, faces significant yield and quality challenges stemming from root rot primarily caused by Fusarium solani. Burkholderia arboris PN-1, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of P. notoginseng, demonstrated a remarkable ability to inhibit the growth of F. solani. This study integrates phenotypic, phylogenetic, and genomic analyses to enhance our understanding of the biocontrol mechanisms employed by B. arboris PN-1. Phenotype analysis reveals that B. arboris PN-1 effectively suppresses P. notoginseng root rot both in vitro and in vivo. The genome of B. arboris PN-1 comprises three circular chromosomes (contig 1: 3,651,544 bp, contig 2: 1,355,460 bp, and contig 3: 3,471,056 bp), with a 66.81% GC content, housing 7,550 protein-coding genes. Notably, no plasmids were detected. Phylogenetic analysis places PN-1 in close relation to B. arboris AU14372, B. arboris LMG24066, and B. arboris MEC_B345. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) values confirm the PN-1 classification as B. arboris. Comparative analysis with seven other B. arboris strains identified 4,628 core genes in B. arboris PN-1. The pan-genome of B. arboris appears open but may approach closure. Whole genome sequencing revealed 265 carbohydrate-active enzymes and identified 9 gene clusters encoding secondary metabolites. This comprehensive investigation enhances our understanding of B. arboris genomes, paving the way for their potential as effective biocontrol agents against fungal plant pathogens in the future.
Benchmarking ‘adequate professionalism’ during undergraduate medical education
Authors: Goodwin Alexandra M , Oliver Scott W
Published: December 2023

Background
Medical professionalism may be defined operationally as an amalgamation of behaviours, attributes and adherence to standards. Assessing professionalism is notoriously difficult, in part due to its broad and contextual nature, but also ambiguity around expectations of students within a given scenario. This study seeks to provide granular detail about what constitutes ‘adequate professionalism’ at defined milestones of undergraduate medical education in the opinion of students and teaching faculty at UK medical schools.
Methods
Fifteen key professionalism themes were identified from published medical regulator guidance. Four behavioural descriptors were written for each theme, using the lens of Miller’s Pyramid to describe how a medical student might progress from ‘novice’ to ‘proficient’ across four defined milestones of their undergraduate medical school career. Using an online survey, students and teaching faculty at UK medical schools were invited to provide their opinion as to what constituted ‘adequate professionalism’ at each milestone with respect to each theme.
Results
Eight medical schools participated in the study. A total of 112 responses were received from 74 (66.1%) medical students and 38 (33.9%) faculty members. The data mapped students’ journeys from ‘novice’ to ‘proficient’ as they transited the respective milestones of entering medical school, first patient contact, regular patient contact, and graduation. Student and faculty respondents broadly agreed about what defined ‘adequate professionalism’ at each milestone. However, faculty expressed higher expectations than students in one theme, while students had higher expectations than faculty for at least one milestone across 10 themes. In some themes, students were expected to perform above the ‘most novice’ descriptor at the first milestone. In other themes students were not expected to reach the ‘most proficient’ descriptor by the final milestone.
Conclusions
This study has benchmarked ‘adequate professionalism’ for medical students at defined milestones in the undergraduate medical curriculum. This enables more detailed professionalism assessments during undergraduate studies. A number of further research questions are posed.
Hydrological Modeling based on Weather Forecasting for Effective Water Resource Management in the Piracicaba River Basin, Brazil
Authors: Perez Raphael Ferreira , Tercini João Rafael Bergamaschi , Bonnecarrère Joaquin Ignacio
Published: December 2023

The occurrence of increasingly recent water scarcity phenomena, coupled with growing demands for water, culminates in complex rules for reservoir operation and compliance with minimum standards for the population. This work details the exploration of hydrological modeling techniques to support decision-making in water resource management, taking as a case study the Piracicaba River Basin, which are served by the Cantareira System and make significant contributions to the development of the state of São Paulo. By using a coupled rainfall-runoff and routing model, the necessary releases were estimated for two reservoirs that serve the region to meet the minimum outflows required at two downstream control sections, one in Atibaia and another in Valinhos. Based on seven-day weather forecast data, the operations were calculated over a two-year simulation period. The results obtained demonstrated compliance with the predicted demands, with a reduction of up to 72% compared to the actual discharged volumes during the same period. Despite inherent simplifications in the modeling process, it was concluded that the model provides accurate results based on precise techniques and can offer information that complements the sustainable management of water resources.
Synthesis, characterization of (Fe, Sn) doped and co-doped Copper oxide NPs and evaluation of their antibacterial activities
Authors: Nasr Ferid Ben , Mnif Sami , Guermazi Hajer , Duponchel Benoît , Leroy Gérard , Aifa Sami , Guermazi Samir
Published: December 2023

Undoped, Fe, Sn doped and Fe/Sn co-doped copper oxides are prepared by precipitation synthesis. The all synthesized powders show a monoclinic main CuO phase. The insertion of Fe or/and Sn within the CuO matrix moderately affects the preferential growth direction. The infrared analysis shows the presence of characteristic vibration bands of compositional functional groups. The reflectance of the undoped sample is higher than that of the other samples. Compared to undoped CuO, the doped and co-doped NPs exhibit red-shifted gap energy. Additionally, the antibacterial efficiencies of the all-synthesized samples are tested against Staphyloccus species. Doped and undoped CuO nanopowders show important antibacterial activity on tested bacteria with MICs values ranged between 0.039 to 1.25 mg/ml. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration value of 0.039 mg/ml was obtained with Fe-doped CuO NPs (CuO:Fe NPs) against S.aureus ATCC33591, whereas the highest MIC value of 1.25 mg/ml was obtained with CuO:Sn nanopowder against the strain S. epidermidis, which was the most resistant strain. Moreover, all CuO NPs, except CuO:Fe-Sn showed important anti-adhesive and antibacterial activities against S. epidermidis when used as pellets. This was confirmed either by cell counts using the determination of CFU/ml of bacterial suspension inside the hole, or by using fluorescence microscopy.
β-MRI: New Imaging Device Utilizing β-MNR
Authors: Mizoi Yutaka , Mihara Mototsugu , Kimura Yoko , Sugisaki Takato , Takayama Gen , Tanaka Masaomi , Nishimura Daiki , Otani Yurika , Fukutome Miki , Taguchi Ryo , Sitan Chen , Ishitani Soshi , Miyahara Rina , Watanabe Kaoru , Fukuda Mitsunori , Izumikawa Takuji , Noguchi Norihide , Takatsu Kazuya , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Yano Asahi , Seki Hibiki , Ohtsubo Takashi , Matsuta Kensaku , Kitagawa Atsushi , Sato Shinji
Published: December 2023

β-detected nuclear magnetic resonance (β-NMR) is a powerful research tool in nuclear physics and material sciences. In this study, we integrated an imaging function into a β-NMR instrument.Specifically, we installed position-sensitive detectors to create a magnetic resonance imaging device, which we have named the β-MRI.We conducted experiments to evaluate the performance of this device by irradiating spin-polarized 12B beams on a sample, and successfully generated its material mapping image.
The diagnostic potential of pleural fluid cholesterol as a novel marker for tuberculous pleural effusion: A cross-sectional comparative study
Authors: Paul Susanta Kumar , Ahmed Shamim , Chakrabortty Rajashish , Ansari Noor Alam , Paul Shamrat Kumar , Rahman Mohammed Atiqur
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims:
Pleural fluid cholesterol is a recognized marker to distinguish exudative and transudative effusion. However, the role of pleural fluid cholesterol in diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) has not yet been evaluated. This study aimed to explore the diagnostic potential of pleural fluid cholesterol as a novel biomarker for TPE.
Methods
This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted from February 2022 to January 2023. A total of seventy (35- biopsy-proven TPE, and 35-non-TPE) patients aged > 18 years were included in this study. Patients with nephrotic syndrome, lymphoma, chylothorax, blood diathesis, and patients who were on lipid-lowering agents were excluded from this study. The diagnostic utility of pleural fluid cholesterol to identify TPE was evaluated using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results
The mean age of the TPE was significantly lower than the non-TPE (35.54 ± 14.13 vs 57.17 ± 17.99). TPE's mean pleural fluid cholesterol concentration was significantly higher than non-TPE (99.87 ± 23.82 vs 66.33 ± 36.89). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that at the cut-off of 69.85 mg/dL, pleural fluid cholesterol has a significant diagnostic value for the diagnosis of TPE (AUC = 0.72, sensitivity = 97.1%, specificity = 57.1%, PPV = 69.3%, NPP = 95.2%, and accuracy = 77.1%), and performance was similar to ADA (cut off = 29.95 IU/L, AUC = 0.73, sensitivity = 94.2%, specificity = 62.8%, PPV = 71.7%, NPP = 91.6%, and accuracy = 78.5%)
Conclusion
Pleural fluid cholesterol might be a potential novel diagnostic marker for the diagnosis of TPE.
Reaction, Reactivity and Behaviour of α-Chloroacetamide in the Synthesis of Acrylamide Derivatives
Authors: Eshak Essam A. , Abu-Shanab Prof Fathi A. , Mousa Prof Sayed A. S. , Bakheet Momtaz E. M.
Published: December 2023

Reaction α-chloroacetamides (1a-e) with sodium isopropoxide in the corresponding alcohol and carbon disulphide afforded dithiol of ether derivatives (5a-e). The structures of the products were elucidated by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, mass spectra and elemental analyses
Revealing the Molecular Interplay of Coverage, Wettability, and Capacitive Response at the Pt(111)-Water Solution Interface under Bias
Authors: Cucinotta Clotilde S. , Raffone Federico , Khatib Rémi , Sulpizi Marialore
Published: December 2023

While electrified interfaces are crucial for electrocatalysis and corrosion, their molecular morphology remains largely unknown. Through highly realistic ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations of the Pt(111)-water solution interface in reducing conditions, we reveal a deep interconnection among electrode coverage, wettability, capacitive response, and catalytic activity. We identify computationally for the first time the experimentally hypothesised states for adsorbed hydrogen on Pt, HUPD and HUPD, revealing their role in governing interfacial water reorientation and hydrogen evolution. The transition between these two H coverage regimes with increasing potential, induces a shift from a hydrophobic to a hydrophilic interface and correlates with a change in the primary electrode screening mechanism. This results in a slope change in differential capacitance, marking the onset of the experimentally observed peak around the potential of zero charge. Our work produces crucial insights for advancing electrocatalytic energy conversion, developing deep understanding of electrified interfaces.
Gisela Drohla, 1924–1983
Authors: Kemper-Bakshi Natalia
Published: December 2023

Gisela Drohla gilt für die 1960er und 70er Jahre als eine der bedeutendsten westdeutschen Übersetzer und Vermittler russischer Literatur. Nach eigenen Angaben beherrschte sie Russisch, Georgisch, Griechisch, Englisch, Bulgarisch und Französisch. Trotz zahlreicher Publikationen in renommierten Verlagen wie Suhrkamp, Insel, Fischer, Kiepenheuer & Witsch oder Luchterhand blieben die biographischen Umstände der Übersetzerin in der Öffentlichkeit verschattet. Ihr übersetzerisches Handeln lässt sich jedoch ansatzweise aus in Verlagsarchiven aufbewahrten Dokumenten rekonstruieren.
Through the prism of national values
Authors: Vertiy Oleksii
Published: December 2023

An analysis of the scientific work of M. Nabok "National peculiarities of the perception of Ukrainian Folk Dumas through the prism of "creator - performer - listener" was carried out. Scientific developments of European countries in the area of philological researches: Collective monograph. Riga: Izdevnieciba "Baltija Publishing", 2020. P. 2. P. 327-344. ISBN 978-9934-588-56-3. The main components of the image of the kobzar, bandurist and lyre player, which determine its national nature and essence, are characterized based on the material of the Ukrainian Folk Dumas.
Social Stability and the Issue of Forming the National Consciousness of Ukrainians
Authors: Yankovska Zhanna
Published: December 2023

Review of the scientific work: Nabok M. National orientation of artistic and aesthetic expression of social stability in Ukrainian national thoughts // Humanitarian principles of social stability of a person in the community: monograph / ed. O. V. Kupenko, A. E. Lebedya, N. D. Svitailo. Sumy: Mriia, 2022. Pp. 51-95.
The influence of selected financial factors on the survival of SMES in V4 countries
Authors: Metzker Zdenko , Hlawiczka Roman , Tabaku Irma , Thanh Tung Ho
Published: December 2023

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in the global economy. This article examines SMEs’ financial management attitudes in the Visegrad Four countries, aiming to understand how these attitudes impact the firms’ long-term sustainability. The empirical study, conducted in June 2022, involved 1,398 respondents, comprising owners or top managers of SMEs from V4 countries. The research explores various facets of the long-term viability of companies over the next five years. Central to the investigation is understanding how managerial comprehension of critical financial management aspects, the willingness to embrace financial risks, and effective risk management contribute to a company’s enduring success. Additionally, the study assesses how a positive evaluation of a company’s financial performance correlates with its overall longevity in the business landscape.Results indicate that financial management significantly influences SME stability in the medium term. Factors positively affecting SME stability include a proper understanding and management of financial risks, along with a positive assessment of the company’s financial activities. Correlation analysis suggests that the perception of business continuity over a 5-year horizon moderately depends on understanding key financial management aspects, accepting financial risks as part of daily operations, and adeptly managing them. A positive vision of V4 SME management regarding their own future emerged as a crucial factor in the study. In conclusion, the article underscores the importance of effective financial management practices, risk comprehension, and positive self-assessment for SMEs to achieve sustained stability in the dynamic business landscape.
AcknowledgmentThis work is supported by Tomas Bata University in Zlin through IGA/FaME/2023/014: CSR as an important factor in obtaining bank loans and external financial sources for SMEs.
Relationship between transformational leadership and knowledge management: The moderating effect of organizational culture
Authors: Chung Victor , Espinoza Jenny
Published: December 2023

In the context of Peruvian public universities, knowledge management is a key tool for academic advancement and social progress. This study investigates how transformational leadership impacts knowledge management, with a special focus on the moderating effect of organizational culture. Data were collected from 370 managerial staff members, both teaching and administrative, across various public universities in Peru, through online surveys. The methodology employed was the analysis of regression models with interaction terms. The results demonstrate that transformational leadership has a significant positive effect on knowledge management (β = 0.7092; p < 0.01), especially highlighting the influence of charisma (β = 0.5315; p < 0.01). Organizational culture proved to be a significant moderator in this relationship. This was reflected in the significance of the interaction terms between the dimensions of organizational culture and transformational leadership. Participation has a moderating effect (β = 0.4507; p < 0.01), consistency is a significant moderator (β = 0.5356; p < 0.01), adaptability has a moderating influence in the relationship between leadership and knowledge management (β = 0.4890; p < 0.01), as does mission (β = 0.3846; p < 0.01). This suggests that in contexts where organizational culture is robust and focused on learning and collaboration, transformational leadership effectively enhances knowledge management. These results provide a deeper understanding of the role of transformational leadership and organizational culture in knowledge management practices in the academic field, offering valuable insights for future research and administrative practices in the educational sector.
Foresight (prevision) of development of the tourist system in Ukraine
Authors: Bosovska Myroslava , Boiko Margaryta , Bovsh Liudmyla , Okhrimenko Alla , Vedmid Nadiya
Published: December 2023

Considering the war in Ukraine, it will be necessary to restore the tourism system. The use of foresight as a means of predicting the future will ensure the formation of conditions for its development. The study aims to assess the functioning of the tourism system in Ukraine under martial law and to develop foresight scenarios for its development. The analysis of the main economic indicators of tourism and hotel entities during the war period indicates potential opportunities (a stable or growing trend). The volume of tax revenues to the state budget in 2023 increased by 15.6%. 2023 hotels’ KPIs (RevPAR, ADR, Occupancy) for the main destinations compared to the same period in 2022 increased by 206.0%, 66.0%, and 44.0%, respectively. The study scans the horizon within which the factors affecting the development of the tourism system are determined and assesses the levels of their potential impact and probability of occurrence. The BANI method is used to identify possible α- and β-scenarios of development, and the matrix method is used to interpret the strategic development directions. Industry factors are combined into four groups: development trends, the state of the market, technologies, innovations, and professional competence of staff. Thus, α- (optimistic) and β- (pessimistic) development scenarios future states in the tourism development. A prognostic vision of the future in a situation of prospective uncertainty makes it possible to determine the factors for mitigating the effects of military actions in the post-war period. It stimulates finding alternatives for strengthening the cohesion of the tourism system.
Acknowledgment The paper shows the authors’ results within the frameworks of the study, performed in 2021−2023 at Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics at the request of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine “Digital transformation of trade, economic and tourist systems in Ukraine” (state registration number 0121U112231) and “Forecasting the impact of the tourism system on the country’s economy” (state registration number 0122U001559).
La perspectiva ética en la literatura científica relacionada con datificación educativa: una revisión sistemática
Authors: De La Iglesia Ganboa Egoitz , Arroyo Sagasta Amaia
Published: December 2023

La combinación de educación y tecnología presenta una variedad de dilemas éticos y morales que no podemos ignorar más. El desarrollo tecnológico y digital basado en la recolección de datos ha subrayado aún más estos dilemas. Este artículo presenta los resultados de una revisión sistemática siguiendo el paradigma PRISMA 2020 en las bases de datos Dialnet, Google Scholar, Scopus y Web of Science. En los 15 artículos seleccionados relacionados con los procesos de datificación en educación, se ha analizado si existen marcos éticos relacionados con los procesos de digitalización en educación. Durante el proceso se ha constatado que, a pesar de ser una cuestión fundamental y una preocupación generalizada, en la mayoría de los casos se plantean cuestiones legislativas con el título de perspectiva ética. Sin embargo, realmente no existe un marco ético generalmente consensuado ni establecido con el que dirigir los procesos de digitalización en educación. En los casos en los que existe una visión realmente ética, no ha sido marco para generar una legislación práctica. Como conclusión, podemos subrayar la necesidad de trabajar en el desarrollo de marcos éticos que ayuden a articular códigos morales prácticos que vayan más allá de los aspectos ligados a la privacidad.
An Agile Learning Methodology to Support Inclusive Education
Authors: Muñoz-Arteaga Jaime , López-Torres Gabriela Citlalli , Muñoz-Zavala Ángel Eduardo
Published: December 2023

Inclusive education is complex due to adapting the learning process to specific learning needs. Besides, some current national education models for inclusive education lack an agile, flexible, and collaborative methodology where all relevant participants, like parents, educators' instructors, and even information technology (IT) developers, can be involved. COVID-19 accelerated e-learning but established new challenges. This research method includes the test of a proposed scrum-agile learning methodology in an elementary education institute for three students with dyscalculia based on Scrum as an agile methodology proposed to adapt inclusive education processes. Among the benefits of the proposed methodology is the testing of the iterative design and application of an agile approach, quick adaptation, and formation of IT applications and contents. Also, the student's learning improvements were measured in this research experience, demonstrating that the proposed methodology supports inclusive education by improving collaborative interventions, flexible curriculum, attention to learning needs, IT integration, and instructor training. Thus, it can be argued that the proposed methodology can meet the new challenges of the evolution of inclusive education and national models, such as accelerated IT integration, collaborators' involvement, and specific students' attitudes and needs. This methodology can evolve to an 'agile and inclusive learning methodology'.
Accounting for climate change in water infrastructure design: evaluating approaches and recommending a hybrid framework
Authors: Hunu Kenneth , Conrad S. A. , DePue M.
Published: December 2023

A traditional hydrologic water infrastructure design assumes that the climate is stationary, and that historic data reflect future conditions. The traditional approach may no longer be applicable since the earth's climate is not stationary. Thus, there is a need for a new way of designing water infrastructure that accounts for the effects of climate change by shifting the current static design paradigm to a more dynamic paradigm. Researchers have proposed several approaches accounting for climate change. In this paper, we group the approaches into five groups (adaptive management, inverse climate change impact, machine learning, flood frequency analysis, and soft computing approaches), outline each approach's strengths and weaknesses, and assess their applicability to the water infrastructure design. We find that the flood frequency analysis approach is most applicable to the water infrastructure design as it is the least disruptive in terms of standard hydrological analysis methods, is cost-effective, and adaptable to most basins. However, adaptive management approaches are best suited for uncertainty reductions since they provide opportunities to constantly adjust decisions based on improved climate change data. Combining these two approaches could provide an optimal way of accounting for non-stationarity.
The Russo-Ottoman War of 1686-1700
Authors: Davies Brian
Published: December 2023

A. G. Gus’kov, K. A. Kochegarov, S. M. Shamin, Russko-turetskaia voina 1686-1700 godov [The Russian-Turkish War of 1686-1700] (Moscow: Russkoe slovo, 2022).
Using ChatGPT for Clinical Practice and Medical Education: Cross-Sectional Survey of Medical Students’ and Physicians’ Perceptions
Authors: Tangadulrat Pasin , Sono Supinya , Tangtrakulwanich Boonsin
Published: December 2023

Background

ChatGPT is a well-known large language model–based chatbot. It could be used in the medical field in many aspects. However, some physicians are still unfamiliar with ChatGPT and are concerned about its benefits and risks.

Objective

We aim to evaluate the perception of physicians and medical students toward using ChatGPT in the medical field.

Methods

A web-based questionnaire was sent to medical students, interns, residents, and attending staff with questions regarding their perception toward using ChatGPT in clinical practice and medical education. Participants were also asked to rate their perception of ChatGPT’s generated response about knee osteoarthritis.

Results

Participants included 124 medical students, 46 interns, 37 residents, and 32 attending staff. After reading ChatGPT’s response, 132 of the 239 (55.2%) participants had a positive rating about using ChatGPT for clinical practice. The proportion of positive answers was significantly lower in graduated physicians (48/115, 42%) compared with medical students (84/124, 68%; P<.001). Participants listed a lack of a patient-specific treatment plan, updated evidence, and a language barrier as ChatGPT’s pitfalls. Regarding using ChatGPT for medical education, the proportion of positive responses was also significantly lower in graduate physicians (71/115, 62%) compared to medical students (103/124, 83.1%; P<.001). Participants were concerned that ChatGPT’s response was too superficial, might lack scientific evidence, and might need expert verification.

Conclusions

Medical students generally had a positive perception of using ChatGPT for guiding treatment and medical education, whereas graduated doctors were more cautious in this regard. Nonetheless, both medical students and graduated doctors positively perceived using ChatGPT for creating patient educational materials.
The Necessity of Interoperability to Uncover the Full Potential of Digital Health Devices (Preprint)
Authors: Schwab Julian D , Werle Silke D , Hühne Rolf , Spohn Hannah , Kaisers Udo X , Kestler Hans A
Published: December 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Personalized health care can be optimized by including patient-reported outcomes. Standardized and disease-specific questionnaires have been developed and are routinely used. These patient-reported outcome questionnaires can be simple paper forms given to the patient to fill out with a pen or embedded in digital devices. Regardless of the format used, they provide a snapshot of the patient’s feelings and indicate when therapies need to be adjusted. The advantage of digitizing these questionnaires is that they can be automatically analyzed, and patients can be monitored independently of doctor visits. Although the questions of most clinical patient-reported outcome questionnaires follow defined standards and are evaluated by clinical trials, these standards do not exist for data processing. Interoperable data formats and structures would benefit multilingual and cross-study data exchange. Linking questionnaires to standardized terminologies such as the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) and Logical Observation Identifiers, Names, and Codes (LOINC) would improve this interoperability. However, linking clinically validated patient-reported outcome questionnaires to clinical terms available in SNOMED CT or LOINC is not as straightforward as it sounds. Here, we report our approach to link patient-reported outcomes from health applications to SNOMED CT or LOINC codes. We highlight current difficulties in this process and outline ways to minimize them.
Oxidative and nitrosative stress — the leading mechanisms of chronic pancreatitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease interaction and inducers of their progression
Authors: Khukhlina O.S. , Dudka I.V. , Dudka T.V.
Published: December 2023

Background. The frequency of chronic pancreatitis (CP) comorbidity with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has significantly increased recently. It may be accompanied by changes in oxidant-antioxidant homeostasis and activates a cascade of reactions of mutual burdening of these pathologies. The purpose of the current research was to evaluate the intensity of lipid peroxidation, oxidative modification of proteins and the state of individual factors of the antioxidant defense system in the development and course of CP, depending on the comorbid COPD. Materials and methods. Three hundred and seventeen patients were examined, including 62 patients with CP alone (group 1), 132 CP patients with comorbid COPD (group 2), 123 patients with COPD alone (group 3). The content in blood of isolated double bonds in compounds, conjugated dienes, ketodienes and conjugated trienes, malonic aldehyde, nitrites/nitrates, reduced glutathione, the activity of catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase were evaluated in all patients. Results. In CP patients with comorbid COPD, the maximum oxidative stress intensity among the compared groups was registered. There was a reliable increase in the content of malonic aldehyde — by 2.0 times (p < 0.05), isolated double bonds — by 2.2 times (p < 0.05), conjugated dienes — by 1.9 times (p < 0.05), ketodienes and conjugated trienes — by 1.9 times (p < 0.05), nitrites/nitrates — by 2.6 times (p < 0.05). A reliable decrease in reduced glutathione content of erythrocytes was detec­ted: in group 1 — by 1.5 times, in group 2 — by 1.9 times (p < 0.05), in group 3 — by 1.2 times (p < 0.05). The compensatory increase in the activity of glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and blood catalase was revealed: in group 1 — by 1.3, 1.2 and 1.5 times (p < 0.05); in group 2 — by 1.5, 1.3 and 1.8 times (p < 0.05), in group 3 — by 1.2, 1.2 and 1.4 times, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions. The comorbid course of CP and COPD is accompanied by the maximum intensity of oxidative and nitrosative stress compared to the isolated course of the disease. An increase was detected in intermediate and final metabolites of peroxide oxidation in the blood, oxidative modification of proteins, nitrites/nitrates in the blood against the background of a deep imbalance of antioxidant defense factors, an increase in ceruloplasmin content in the blood, which requires the administration of antioxidant agents to correct detected disorders and prevent the progression of both comorbid diseases.
Effects of mycorrhiza and phosphate fertilizers on the growth and yield of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) under drought stress conditions
Authors: Laili Anissatul , Herliana Okti , Rahayu Ahadiyat Yugi , Cahyani Wilis , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: December 2023

Millet is a cereal plant that’s potential for rice substitution. This plant is adaptive to be cultivated in dry land but has a tolerance limit to drought stress. Mycorrhiza and phospate (P) fertilizer treatments help plants adapt to this condition. This study aimed to determine the effects of phosphate fertilizer and mycorrhiza as well as their interaction effects on the growth and yield of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) under drought stress. The experiment was carried out from January to June 2020 in the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jenderal Soedirman. The research was arranged in a factorial randomized complete block design consisting of two factors. The first factor was the dose of SP-36 fertilizer per polybag, namely P0 = 0 g, P1 = 37,5 kg.ha⁻¹ (25%), P2 = 75 kg.ha⁻¹ = 0.88 g/polybag (50%), and P3 = 150 kg.ha⁻¹. The second factor was the dose of mycorrhiza biofertilizer, namely M0 = 0 g.polibag⁻¹, M1 = 33.3 g. polibag⁻¹ and M2 = 66.6 g.polybag⁻¹. The treatment was replicated three times. The data observed were analyzed using the F test, continued with DMRT test at p=0.05. The results showed that SP-36 fertilizer application at half of the recommended dose (0.88 g/polybag) could increase growth variables, such as leaf area, panicle length, and seed weight. Mycorrhizae application 33.3 g/polybag could improve variables such as plant height, leaf area, panicle length, and seed weight. It also accelerated the initiation of panicle emergence compared to control.
Criminal Governance and Social Mobilization in Brazilian Favelas
Authors: Vilbert Jean
Published: December 2023

This article examines the dynamics of crime governance and social mobilization in Brazil’s impoverished communities to answer why residents of favelas mobilize against state interventions while seemingly accepting the rule of organized criminal groups (OCGs). Previous studies have primarily explored the materialistic hypothesis or the role of coercion and fear in shaping community behavior. This article employs the tools provided by the literature on contentious politics and a qualitative meta-analysis to systematically assess the varied ways in which OCGs interact with the state and favela residents, mapping the heterogeneous effects produced as a result. The findings suggest that in favelas where criminal organizations are perceived as benign, residents may rely on them to fulfill basic needs, while the state is seen as an outsider that brings disruption of routines and violence. In favelas where criminal organizations are malign, there are few incentives for change as the outcomes of challenging OCGs are uncertain.
The Application of Internet Neurologisms and Neurologisms in Advanced Chinese Listening and Speaking Course - Based on the Network in Recent Five Years
Authors: Xie Xiaoshuang
Published: December 2023

Nowadays, language life is very prosperous, and a large number of new online words and phrases continue to emerge. These new words are an important way for international students to understand Chinese culture and improve their Chinese communication skills. The Chinese listening and speaking class integrates listening and speaking training, and is an important course type for cultivating the oral communication skills of international students in Chinese. Therefore, in teaching Chinese listening and speaking as a foreign language, we must pay attention to the use of new words and phrases on the internet.On the basis of previous research on teaching new words and phrases on the internet, this article investigates and analyzes the acquisition of new words and phrases by advanced stage international students, starting from the characteristics of new words and phrases on the internet. Through analysis, this article finds that there are some problems in the teaching of online new words and phrases. Therefore, teaching suggestions are proposed from three aspects: setting teaching objectives, selecting teaching content, and exploring teaching methods, in order to provide a certain teaching reference for the teaching of online new words and phrases in advanced listening and speaking classes.
Analysis of Parallel Prefix Adders
Authors: Viraktimath Dr.S V , A Khushi S , P Vaishnavi , Wiranchi W
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Parallel prefix adders are essential components of contemporary digital arithmetic circuits and are found in many different devices, including digital signal processors and microprocessors. In order to improve the effectiveness and performance of parallel prefix adders, this research investigates their design and optimization. This paper analyses in detail the state of the parallel prefix adder architectures and provide new designs that minimize power consumption and critical path delays. The speed and area efficiency benefits of the parallel prefix designs with thorough simulations and comparisons is reviewed. This research have ramifications for high-performance computing systems and point to interesting avenues to further the state of the art in parallel prefix adder design.
Effects of Design Thinking Education on University Students’ Creativity and Problem Solving Ability: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Nae-Young , Han Ji-Young
Published: December 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of design thinking education on university stu-dents’ creativity and problem solving ability through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Methods For this study, 10 studies were selected through a systematic process of using several databases and 4 studies were used to estimate the effect size of design thinking education on university students’ creativity and problem-solving ability. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model, and the effect size on uni-versity students’ creativity and problem-solving ability was calculated.
Results As a result of the systematic literature review, all 10 studies were NRCT. There were 7 studies related to creativity, and the outcome variables were creativity, creativity competency, creative potential, everyday crea-tivity, daily creativity, and group creativity. There were 4 studies related to problem-solving ability, and the related variable was problem-solving. creative problem solving ability, problem solving process, and proactivity of prob-lem solving. The average effect size of learning using the design thinking education on university students’ crea-tivity and problem-solving ability was 2.14(95% CI: 0.29~3.99), indicating a large effect size.
Conclusions This study suggests that design thinking can be applied as a strategy to improve creativity and prob-lem-solving skills in university education.