bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experience of providing medical care for intracerebral hemorrhage in a participant of the 2018 FIFA World Cup
Authors: Makoveeva N. I. , Strel'nikova I. A. , Chernogaeva G. Yu. , Chernukha R. S. , Benyan A. S.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Holding mass sports events of international level imposes a special responsibility on the medical services of the host city. The issues of organizing medical support for competitions are one of the foundations for the safety of all participants. By identifying different client groups, the organizers provide optimal conditions for each of them, this also applies to medical support.

Aim. To describe the features of medical support in a life-threatening condition to a representative of one of the client groups of the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Samara.

Material and methods. A clinical case of stroke that occurred during the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Samara is presented. The stages and timing of the provision of assistance, the interaction between the links of the medical service, the coordination of medical support are described, and the other factors that played a role in the outcome of the patient's disease are also reflected.

Results. The fastest possible diagnosis and medical support at the prehospital stage led to the delivery of the patient to an authorized hospital and access to specialized medical care within the time frame envisaged by clinical protocols and recommendations. The inpatient stage of treatment with the use of high-tech methods of surgery and intensive care ended in a complete recovery of the patient. Conclusion. The described clinical case illustrates the expediency of the special requirements put forward to the medical support of major sports competitions. Competent operational planning, training of medical staff and their equipment, built inter- and intradepartmental interactions ensure the availability and quality of medical care, including in life-threatening conditions.
Comparative characteristics of indicators of the psychophysiological state of emergency staff and icu departments
Authors: Maslyakov V. V. , Sidel'nikov S. A. , Karetnikova A. Yu. , Moskvina A. O. , Milashevskaya T. V. , Uspenskiy V. V.
Published: May 2023

At present, there is a tendency towards an increase in emotional problems everywhere, this especially affects the working-age population – relationships in a team, professional work process – all this leads to the development of production-related stress. Health care workers are at the forefront of risk of developing stress reactions and its consequences. This is most pronounced in the specialties providing emergency medical care, among employees of ambulance teams and departments of anesthesiology and resuscitation.

The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the psychophysiological state of emergency medical staff and departments of anesthesiology and resuscitation.

Materials and methods. The study involved 67 people – employees of ambulance teams and resuscitation and intensive care units in Saratov. To obtain the necessary data, all participants filled out questionnaires – the PSM-25 psychological stress scale, the HADS hospital anxiety and depression scale, and the symptomatic questionnaire by A. Volkova and N. Vodopyanova.

Results. When questioned using the PSM-25 scale, which assesses mental tension, it was found that more than half of the respondents have a high level of stress, while the indicator of mental tension among ambulance workers is statistically significantly higher than among employees of intensive care units and intensive care units. An analysis of the HADS ques tionnaire showed that the vast majority of respondents, both in ambulance teams and in intensive care units, have a high level of anxiety and depression. In the study using the symptomatic questionnaire A. Volkova and N. Vodopyanova noted a high predisposition to the development of pathological stress reactions in most of the respondents.

Conclusion. Doctors in the specialties we study are characterized by long-term chronic stress, which can lead to the development of anxiety, depression, and pathological stress reactions. To avoid the occurrence of the conditions described above, it is important to adjust the work schedule of employees in time, to observe occupational and rest hygiene.
Acute cell rejection of a kidney transplant in a patient of african origin: clinical observation
Authors: Khubutiya M. Sh. , Aleksandrova V. O. , Balkarov A. G. , Vinogradov V. E. , Zagorodnikova N. V. , Storozhev R. V. , Shmarina N. V. , Borovkova N. V. , Dmitriev I. V.
Published: May 2023

The origin of the recipient is one of the recipient-related factors that statistically significantly affects the outcomes of kidney transplantation, but this factor is not so relevant in our country. The article presents the first experience of kidney transplantation in a patient of African descent at the N.I. N.V. Sklifosovsky.

Material and methods. Allogeneic renal graft transplantation from a post-mortem donor was performed in a 60-year-old African male patient with stage 5 chronic kidney disease as a result of hypertensive nephroangiosclerosis.

Results. The early postoperative period was complicated by the development of acute cellular graft rejection grade 1a-b according to Banff. Anti-crisis therapy was performed with some positive effect, however, in the late postoperative period, a loss of renal graft function was noted, and the patient was returned to renal replacement therapy with program hemodialysis.

Conclusion. Patients of African ancestry are at increased risk of adverse outcomes due to immunological causes and require more careful immunological selection of a donor organ, an enhanced immunosuppressive regimen, and close monitoring after transplantation.
Lymphocele of the kidney transplant bed: a case report
Authors: Khamidova L. T. , Avagyan D. G. , Balkarov A. G. , Dmitriev I. V. , Anisimov Yu. A. , Khubutiya M. Sh.
Published: May 2023

Lymphocele formation in the kidney transplant bed is the most common postoperative complication after kidney transplantation. The article presents the observation of a clinically significant lymphocele of the kidney transplant bed.

Materials and methods. Allogeneic heterotopic kidney transplantation from a post-mortem donor was performed in a 28-year-old patient with a clinical diagnosis of stage 5 chronic kidney disease as a result of a congenital anomaly of kidney development.

Results. The early postoperative period was complicated by the development of a clinically significant lymphocele of the kidney transplant bed, which caused compression of the ureter of the kidney graft with impaired passage of urine and expansion of its pelvicalyceal system, as well as compression of the external iliac vein. The treatment carried out in the amount of laparoscopic drainage of the lymphocele into the abdominal cavity by means of capillary drainage under ultrasound control contributed to the elimination of the complication and its consequences.

Conclusion. Ultrasound examination is a routine examination that allows timely diagnosis of a kidney transplant bed lymphocele and monitoring the effectiveness of the treatment.
Hepatite Delta em Doentes Infetados por VIH/VHB: Porque é que este Assunto Importa?
Authors: Valente Cristina
Published: May 2023

N/a.
Status Gizi, Asupan Makan, dan Durasi Tidur Anak Sekolah: Studi Komparasi
Authors: Salisa Wizara , Pratiwi Rachmahnia , Febrianti Kamila Dwi , Adi Annis Catur , Nadhiroh Siti Rahayu
Published: May 2023

Latar Belakang: Prevalensi malnutrisi antara wilayah rural dan urban diketahui memiliki perbedaan, yang salah satunya disebabkan perbedaan pola konsumsi. Namun, data mengenai perbedaan wilayah rural dan urban antar kota di Indonesia masih jarang dikaji. Padahal data ini penting untuk menjadi acuan pemerintah dalam membuat kebijakan pemberantasan malnutrisi.
Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan lokasi sekolah (rural dan urban) terhadap status gizi, asupan makanan, dan durasi tidur anak usia sekolah menengah pertama.
Metode: Desain studi yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan total sampel 102 siswa SMP di Jombang (sebagai wilayah rural) dan 101 siswa SMP di Surabaya (sebagai wilayah urban). Status gizi dihitung melalui hasil pengukuran antropometri Z-score IMT/U, asupan makanan dihitung dari hasil wawancara food recall      2x24 jam, dan durasi tidur dari hasil pengisian kuesioner. 
Hasil: Ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan pada status gizi (p=0,002), serta asupan makanan yaitu pada karbohidrat (p<0,001) antara wilayah rural dan urban. Permasalahan malnutrisi yang berbeda signifikan antar kedua wilayah adalah obesitas (p<0,001) yang jumlahnya lebih tinggi di wilayah urban, sedangkan kondisi gizi kurang tidak berbeda signifikan (p=0,556). Durasi tidur juga diketahui tidak berbeda signifikan (p=0,327).
Kesimpulan: Perbedaan masalah gizi yang terjadi antara wilayah urban dan rural tidak selalu disebabkan oleh asupan makanan maupun durasi tidur, namun bisa terjadi karena faktor tidak langsung seperti aktivitas fisik. Temuan ini memunculkan rekomendasi pada sekolah untuk mengadakan program edukasi gizi seimbang, dan pada pemerintah untuk membuat kebijakan yang berbeda antara pemberantasan malnutrisi di wilayah urban dan rural.
Psychosocial Factors of Stock Investors’ Inclination: The Case of the South Pacific Stock Market
Authors: Saliya Candauda Arachchige Arachchige
Published: May 2023

Previous research has documented that psychosocial resources and socioeconomic status have significant influences on investment behavior in financial assets. There are currently no studies available about the motivating factors of individual investor participation in the South Pacific Stock Market to the researcher’s knowledge. This study investigates the motivating factors of existing and potential stock market investors in countries with similar socio-cultural backgrounds. Using a purposive sample of potential stock investors in Fiji, the study sample included 162 participants with university education (banking and finance). Two research assistants were involved in collecting data, and 108 questionnaires were received via email and Google forms while the balance 54 were collected physically.The researcher tested how enterprising personality plays a mediating role in relation to the association between individual characteristics and investment behavior in the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) framework. The results revealed that four latent factors (intuition, education and knowledge, sociocultural norms, and enterprising personality) are distinct dimensions of investment inclination together with the maturity factor (age) towards stock investments. The findings will be useful for financial service providers and regulators in designing educational programs to enhance enterprising personality qualities amongst people generally, and inculcate positive attitudes towards stock investments in the young through high school curricula and mass-awareness programs.
Understanding Forgiveness among Minangnese Ethnicity: The Effect of Religiosity, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism
Authors: Nashori Fuad , Wijaya Hariz Enggar , Diana Raden Rachmy
Published: May 2023

The Minangnese are an ethnic group in Indonesia that reside in West Sumatra. It has characterized by an emphasis on harmony in all aspects of life. Despite this emphasis, the Minangnese recognize that conflict is a natural occurrence. The study aimed to investigate the effect of religiosity and interpersonal attachment on forgiveness through agreeableness and neuroticism in the Minangnese ethnicity.  Minangnese ethnic participants were selected by considering the following criteria, namely citizens of and living in West Sumatra Province, claimed to be Minangnese people, Muslim, and living in West Sumatra Province for the last 10 years. Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, 205 Minangnese individuals were recruited and administered five questionnaires to assess forgiveness, agreeableness, neuroticism, religiosity, and interpersonal attachment. The results indicated that religiosity had a significant influence on forgiveness in the Minangnese ethnicity, with this influence being mediated by agreeableness and neuroticism. Specifically, religiosity was found to have a positive effect on emotional stability and a negative effect on neuroticism, as well as reducing hostility and anger and decreasing anxiety. These findings suggest that religiosity and agreeableness may be important factors to consider when seeking to understand and promote forgiveness in the Minangnese ethnicity
Protective Role of an Extract Waste Product From Citrus bergamia in an In Vitro Model of Neurodegeneration
Authors: Maiuolo Jessica , Bosco Francesca , Guarnieri Lorenza , Nucera Saverio , Ruga Stefano , Oppedisano Francesca , Tucci Luigi , Muscoli Carolina , Palma Ernesto , Giuffrè Angelo Maria , Mollace Vincenzo
Published: May 2023

A balanced diet model, rich in fruits and vegetables and ensuring the intake of natural products, has been shown to reduce or prevent the occurrence of many chronic diseases. However, the choice to consume large quantities of fruits and vegetables leads to an increase in the amount of waste, which can cause the alteration in environmental sustainability. To date, the concept of "by-product" has evolved, understood as a waste product, from which it is still possible obtain useful compounds. Therefore, the by-products in the agricultural sector, are a rich source of bioactive compounds, capable to possess a second life, decreasing the amount of waste products, the disposal costs and the environmental pollution.
A promising and well-known citrus of the Mediterranean diet is the bergamot (Citrus bergamia, Risso et Poiteau). The composition of bergamot is known and the rich presence of phenolic compounds and essential oils has justified countless beneficial properties found, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cholesterolemic and protective activity for the immune system, heart failure and coronary heart diseases. The industrial processing of bergamot fruits leads to the formation of bergamot juice and bergamot oil. The solid residues, referred as "pastazzo", are normally used as feed for livestock or pectin production. The fiber of bergamot (BF) can be obtained from pastazzo and could exert an interesting effect thanks to its content of polyphenols.
The purpose of this work was to test the effects of BF on an in vitro model of neurotoxicity induced by treatment with amyloid beta protein. In particular, this experimental model included both neurons and oligodendrocytes in order to measure the involvement of the glia and compare it with the neurons one. The results obtained showed a protective activity of BF, although the oligodendrocytes were more sensitive and fragile than neurons. Further experiments are necessary and if the trend was confirmed, solid residues of bergamot could be used in AD, and, at the same time, could help to avoid the accumulation of waste products.
Exploring the Factors Influencing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Global Shipping: A Case Study of the Baltic Dry Index
Authors: Chang Cheng-Wen , Hsueh Ming-Hsien , Wang Chia-Nan , Huang Cheng-Chun
Published: May 2023

The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 caused significant disruptions to global shipping and the world economy. This paper aims to investigate the impact of the pandemic on global shipping by analyzing the Baltic Dry Index (BDI). The BDI is a metric that reflects the worldwide shipping costs and directs related to supply and demand conditions, making it an indicator of economic production. The study utilizes data from 2019 to 2021, before and after the outbreak of COVID-19, and considers 13 independent variables, including raw materials, energy, stock market indexes, global port calls, and confirmed COVID-19 cases to investigate how to influent the BDI. The study employs stepwise regression to select variables and build models before and after the pandemic. The findings reveal that the key factors affecting the freight index BDI before the outbreak are: international scrap steel prices, iron ore prices, and the Commodity Research Bureau Index. However, after the COVID-19 outbreak, the factors affecting the BDI changed to the Shanghai Index, global port calls, and the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases.
Guinea Pig Sperm Morphology and Fertility under Different Photoperiod
Authors: Quispe-Ccasa Hurley Abel , Briceño-Mendoza Yander M. , Cayo-Colca Ilse Silvia
Published: May 2023

Sperm morphology can predict the reproductive male fertilizing potential. This study aimed to determine the morphological and morphometric spermatozoa characteristics from guinea pigs subjected to different photoperiodic stimulation. Thirty F1 guinea pigs were randomly assigned to three photoperiodic treatments: FT1 (photoperiod with 10L/14D LED light), FT2 (photoperiod with 10L/14D sunlight), and FT0 (room without direct light source). At 107 ± 9.8 days of age, sperm concentration and motility were higher in FT0 and FT1 (p<0.05); furthermore, there were no differences in nucleus length and ellipticity between FT0 and FT1, but FT1 was higher in perimeter and nuclear area, while FT0 was higher in roughness, regularity, midpiece length and tail (p<0.01). Expanding acrosome (Type 2) was more frequent in FT2, but there was variation in head measurements between all morphological categories. Pregnancy rate, calving age and mating age were higher in FT0, meanwhile FT1 initiated successful matings earlier (p<0.01). FT0 had a higher fertility rate, and FT1 age of mating and first calving were earlier than FT0 but no pregnancies were reported for FT2. The photoperiodic stimulation can increase the morphometric dimensions of guinea pig spermatozoa, favoring the reproductive characteristics, but sunlight could reduce their size due to heat stress.
Effectiveness of the Fascial Manipulation Approach Associated with a Physiotherapy Programme in Recurrent Shoulder Disease
Authors: Bellotti Silvia , Busato Massimo , Cattaneo Carla , Branchini Mirco
Published: May 2023

Shoulder pain is a serious clinical disease frequently related to absence from work. It’s characterized by pain and stiffness probably connected to the presence of an inflammatory substrate involving gleno-humeral capsule and collagen tissues. A physioterapy programme has shown to be effective for the conservative treatment of this disorder. Our aim is to assess if a manual treatment directed to fascial tissues could get better improvement regarding pain, strength, mobility and function. 94 healthcare workers with recurrent shoulder pain were recruited and then randomized in two groups: the control group (CG) underwent a physiotherapy programme; the study group (SG) underwent to 3 sessions of physiotherapy and to 2 session of Fascial Manipulation (FM) technique. At the end of the treatment phase, both groups improved every outcome. Despite few statistical differences between groups, at the follow up visit a greater percentage of subjects in SG overcame the minimal clinical important difference (MCID) in every outcome. We conclude that FM is effective for treatment of shoulder pain and further studies should better assess how to manage this treatment to get better results.
Conservation Agriculture Has No Significant Impact on Sheep Digestive Parasitism
Authors: ElHamdi Sihem , Sassi Limam , Rekik Mourad , Dhehibi Mokhtar , Mhamed Hatem Cheikh , Gharbi Mohamed
Published: May 2023

Conservation agriculture (CONS A) is a sustainable agriculture system which is based on rota-tion crops with no tillage. It has various environmental advantages compared to conventional agriculture (CONV A), namely decrease water evaporation, erosion and CO2 emission.
We report herein the first study aiming evaluation of the impact of this type of sustainable agri-culture on sheep gastrointestinal parasites. Two lamb groups aged between 6 and ten months were randomly included to graze separately on CONS A and CONV A pastures. Each group was constituted of two batches of three lambs which were followed up for two rearing months during which liveweight, haematological parameters variation and digestive parasites were studied. At the end of the study period, lambs were slaughtered and the carcass yield was determined and a helminthological autopsy was performed on digestive tracts to estimate different parasitological indicators.
There was no difference between lambs rearing on CONS A and those rearing on CONV A for all parasite indicators (infestation intensity, abundance and prevalence), the same trend was also obtained for haematological parameters, liveweight evolution and carcass yield.
These results prove that there is no impact of the CONS A on the sheep digestive parasitism. Further studies are needed to support these findings on a bigger animal samples and to investigate the impact of this agriculture on other parasites and for other animal species.
Pet Radiomics and Response to Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Evangelista Laura , Fiz Francesco , Laudicella Riccardo , Bianconi Francesco , Castello Angelo , Guglielmo Priscilla , Liberini Virginia , Manco Luigi , Frantellizi Viviana , Giordano Alessia , Urso Luca , Panareo Stefano , Palumbo Barbara , Filippi Luca
Published: May 2023

Aim: to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature concerning the applications of positron emission tomography (PET)-radiomics in lung cancer patients candidates or undergoing immunotherapy. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted on databases and web sources. English-language original articles were considered. The title and abstract were in-dependently reviewed to evaluate study inclusion. Papers duplicate, out-of-topic, review or edi-torials articles and letters to editors were excluded. For each study, the radiomics analysis was assessed based on the relies on radiomics quality score (RQS 2.0). The review was registered on the PROSPERO database with the number CRD42023402302. Results: 15 papers were included, 13 were qualified as conventional radiomics approaches, and two were as Deep Learning radiomics. The content of each study was different, indeed, 7 papers investigated the potential role of radiomics to predict PD-L1 expression and tumor microenvironment before starting immunotherapy. Moreo-ver, 2 were relative to the prediction of response and 4 investigated the utility of radiomics to predict the response to immunotherapy. Finally, 2 papers were relative to the prediction of adverse events due to the immunotherapy. Conclusions: radiomics is promising in the evaluation of TME and for the prediction of response to immunotherapy, but some limitations should be overpassed.
Comparative Phylogeography of Three Marine Species with Different PLD Modes Reveals Two Genetic Breaks Across the Southern Caribbean Sea
Authors: Narváez-Barandica Juan Carlos , Quintero-Galvis Julián , Aguirre-Pabon Juan Carlos , Castro Lyda R. , Betancur-R. Ricardo , Acero P. Arturo
Published: May 2023

The comparative phylogeography of marine species with contrasting dispersal potential across the southern Caribbean Sea was evaluated by the presence of two putative barriers: the Magdale-na River plume (MRP) and the combination of the absence of a rocky bottom and permanent upwelling in the La Guajira Peninsula (ARB+PUG). Three species of rocky shallow bottoms were selected with different dispersal potentials: Acanthemblemaria rivasi (PLD < 22 days), Cittarium pica (PLD < 6 days), and Nerita tessellata (PLD > 60 days). We generated a set of SNPs for the three species using the ddRad-seq technique. Samples of each species were collected in five locations from Capurganá to La Guajira. For the first time, evidence of a phylogeographic break caused by MRP is provided, mainly for A. rivasi (AMOVA: ФCT = 0.420). The ARB+PUG barrier causes an-other break for A. rivasi (ФCT = 0.406) and C. pica (ФCT = 0.224). Three populations (K = 3) were identified for A. rivasi and C. pica, while N. tessellata presented one population (K = 1). The Mantel correlogram indicated that A. rivasi and C. pica fit the hierarchical population model, and only the A. rivasi and C. pica comparisons showed phylogeographic congruence. Our results demon-strate how the biological traits of these three species and the biogeographic barriers have influ-enced their phylogeographic structure.
Forests for Coastal Resilience and Sea Level Rise Climate-Induced Adaptation - Part A
Authors: Olanrewaju Oladokun Sulaiman , Lazzaro Umberto
Published: May 2023

One-fifth of the world’s population and critical infrastructures are near the coast and regions at high risk of sea level elevation. Climate change is expected to increase coastal extreme events, rising sea levels, and impact on ecosystem. This paper reviews coastal physical processes, wave and impacts, and the introduction of nature-based models for the mitigation of flooding, erosion, and recovery. Hard engineering like seawalls has been used to prevent, protect, and control water-based environmental forces with an extended impact on the land. A nature-based engineering solution, such as growing vegetation, is being adopted as a sustainable solution to help make existing technology live its design life and provide climate change adaptation and resilience for coastal and riverine communities. This paper presents applications of seaweed farms as an advanced nature-based mitigation approach. The result of the experiments conducted at RWTH Aachen University on wave damping of seaweed types and farming structures to validate the hypothesis will be presented in part B. A soft engineering approach to designing future vegetated protection systems using seaweed as a nature-based solution can help existing coastal infrastructure design life and protect against climate-induced SLR rise and adaptation, coastal risk mitigation, ecosystem restoration, and blue bio-economic development.
Transcriptomic and Physiological Analyses of Two Rice Restorer Cultivars under Different Nitrogen Supplies Provide New Insights for Hybrid Rice Breeding
Authors: Qin Xiaojian , Li Xiaowei , Xiao Juan , Wu Qian , Li Yuntong , Li Cuiping , Jiang Dan , Tang Tingting , Nan Wenbin , Liang Yongshu , Zhang Hanma
Published: May 2023

Improving plant nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is important for many crops, especially in hybrid breeding. Reducing nitrogen inputs is key for achieving sustainable rice production and decreasing environmental problems. Here, we analyzed the transcriptomic and physiological changes in two indica restorer lines (Nanhui511 and Minghui23) under high (HN) and low nitrogen (LN) conditions. Nanhui511 (NH511) was more sensitive to different nitrogen supplies and exhibited higher nitrogen uptake and NUE under HN conditions by increasing lateral root and tiller numbers in the seedling and maturation stages, respectively. It also exhibited a lower survival rate than that of MH23 when planted in chlorate-containing hydroponic solution, indicating its high nitrogen uptake ability under different nitrogen supply conditions. When transferred from LN to HN conditions, NH511 had 2456 differentially expressed genes, whereas MH23 had only 266. Furthermore, genes related to nitrogen utilization showed differential expression in NH511 under HN conditions, while the opposite was observed in MH23. These results will help decrease certain limitations of hybrid rice breeding and provide novel data for high-NUE hybrid rice cultivation.
Exploring the Impact of Herbal Therapies on COVID-19 and Influenza: Investigating Novel Delivery Mechanisms for Emerging Interventions
Authors: Fornari Laurindo Lucas , Taynara Marton Ledyane , Minniti Giulia , Dogani Rodrigues Victoria , Buzinaro Suzuki Rodrigo , Maria Cavallari Strozze Catharin Virgínia , Joshi Rakesh Kumar , Barbalho Sandra Maria
Published: May 2023

Synthetic antivirals and corticosteroids have been used to treat both influenza and the SARS-CoV-2 disease named COVID-19. However, these medications are not always effective, produce several adverse effects, and are associated with high costs. Medicinal plants and their constituents act in several different targets and signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of Influenza and COVID-19. This study aimed to perform a review to evaluate the effects of medicinal plants on Influenza and COVID-19 and to investigate the potential delivery systems for new antiviral therapies. EMBASE, PubMed, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, and COCHRANE databases were searched. The studies included in this review showed that medicinal plants, in different formulations, can help decrease viral spread and time of full recovery. Plants reduced the incidence of acute respiratory syndromes and the symptom scores of the illnesses. Moreover, plants are related to few adverse effects and have low costs. In addition to their significance as natural antiviral agents, medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds may exhibit low bioavailability. This highlights the need for alternative delivery systems, such as metal nanoparticles, that can effectively transport these compounds to infected tissues.
Continuum Mapping and S-binary Space Solution to Coin Weighing Problem
Authors: Chen Lizichen
Published: May 2023

In the American Mathematical Monthly there is a problem that related to the governmental inspection of coins in the Lower Slobbovia, where it is desirable to classify and correct counterfeit coins by using a minimum number of measurements, but the article only proves the existence of the solution, which does not give a practical solution to the problem. In this article, we provide an effective method to achieve the identification of coin heaps using Dirac delta functions, Singularity functions and their selectivity, unit-order construction of continuum mappings and construction of discretization of unique basis vectors without attempted expansions in S-binary space.
I.C. Engine Conversion for Hydrogen Combustion and Near Zero NOx Emissions
Authors: Monney Nils , Kurz Leo , Gillioz Simon , Nellen Christian
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this project was to demonstrate the potential of converting an existing internal combustion engine for hydrogen operation at relatively low cost and to optimize the combustion process for ultra-low NOx emissions. The conversion has been carried out on a 450cc naturally aspirated single cylinder engine. The first baseline measurements and setup have shown lower NOx emissions than the baseline gasoline engine (without catalytic converter) for similar power output and engine efficiency. Further optimization of the combustion process allowed to achieve Euro VI and (latest European Commission proposal) Euro VII heavy-duty NOx limits without exhaust gas aftertreatment system (EATS) in steady state conditions. The concept is very promising and the knowledge gained should allow for further optimization to achieve near zero NOx emissions at high engine efficiency and power output with supercharging. It should also allow an efficient conversion of other engine types for different applications. In particular, a project with the aim to convert a heavy duty 6 cylinder engine intended for public transport buses has started. It follows a feasibility study which has shown the competitiveness of the hydrogen engine for this application.
Down-Syndrome Development might be Associated with Dysbiosis, Triggered by Certain Classes of Antibiotics: Altered Maternal Microbiome as a New Insight into the Genomic Events
Authors: Gábor Ternák , Márovics Gergely , Sümegi Katalin , Bánfai Zsolt , Büki Gergely , Magyari Lili , Szabó András , Melegh Bela
Published: May 2023

Down syndrome (DS) is a leading human genomic abnormality resulting from the trisomy of chromosome 21. The genomic base of the aneuploidy behind this disease is complex, and this complexity poses formidable challenges to understanding the underlying molecular basis. In the spectrum of the classic DS risk factor associations the role of nutrients, vitamins, and in general, the foodborne associated background as part of the events leading ultimately to chromosome nondisjunction has long been recognized as a well-established clinical association. The integrity of the microbiome is a basic condition in these events, and the dysbiosis may be associated with secondary health outcomes, the possible association of DS development with maternal gut microbiota should require more attention. We have hypothesized that different classes of antibiotics might promote or inhibit the proliferation of different microbial taxa and hence, we might find associations between the use of different classes of antibiotics and the prevalence of DS through the modification of the microbiome. As antibiotics are considered major disruptors of the microbiome, it could be hypothesized that the consumption/exposure of certain classes of antibiotics might be associated with the prevalence of DS in European countries (N=30). Utilizing three different statistical methods, comparisons have been made between the average yearly antibiotic consumption (1997-2020) and the prevalence of people living with DS estimated for 2019 as a percentage of the population in European countries. We have found strong statistical correlations between the consumption of tetracycline (J01A) and the narrow-spectrum, beta-lactamase-resistant penicillin (J01CF) and the prevalence of DS.
Understanding the Different Parameters That Affects Bacterial Transformation Efficiency
Authors: Ng Wenfa
Published: May 2023

Bacterial transformation is the essential tool for introducing foreign DNA into bacterial cells in a host of recombinant technology applications useful for biomanufacturing and drug production. Thus far, chemically competent cells remain an important enabling technology for bacterial transformation given its facile transformation approach. However, many parameters affect transformation efficiency, and there is relatively little documentation of their cross-interacting effect in the literature. This work explores the roles played by incubation time on ice, competent cell concentration, and plasmid-to-cell ratio on transformation efficiency in Escherichia coli DH5α. Results revealed that increases in incubation time improve transformation efficiency, but 2 minutes incubation still yield appreciable efficiency. On the other hand, low concentration competent cells (106 CFU/mL) yielded significant improvement in transformation efficiency compared to high concentration competent cells (108 CFU/mL). In terms of plasmid-to-cell ratio, higher ratio increases transformation efficiency. Overall, bacterial transformation is incompletely understood particularly in the area of cross-interacting parameters. Experiments reported here revealed the possibility of short duration transformation where lower competent cell concentration and higher plasmid-to-cell ratio could improve transformation.
Suspected Suicide Attempt and Intentional Misuse Cases Age 50+ Involving Amphetamine or Methylphenidate and Medical Outcomes: Associations with Co-used Other Substances
Authors: Choi Namkee G. , Choi Bryan Y. , Baker S. David
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Given increasing adult use of amphetamine and methylphenidate and their high misuse potential, we examined suspected suicide attempts and other intentional misuse and medical outcomes and their associations with co-used other substances among amphetamine and methylphenidate exposure cases age 50+.Methods: Using the 2015-2021 U.S. National Poison Data System (N=7,701 amphetamine and/or methylphenidate cases), we fit two generalized linear models for a Poisson distribution with log link function, with suspected suicide attempt versus intentional misuse and major medical effect/death versus other outcomes as the dependent variables. Results: Of all amphetamine/methylphenidate exposure cases, suspected suicide attempts and intentional misuse were 28.4% and 13.2%, respectively. Benzodiazepine use was associated with a higher likelihood but any illicit drug use was associated with a lower likelihood of suspected suicide attempts compared to intentional misuse. Type of stimulant involved (amphetamine or methylphenidate) was not significant. Co-use of antidepressants (IRR=1.43, 95% CI=1.16-1.76), prescription opioids (IRR=1.48, 95% CI=1.21-1.81), drugs for cardiovascular disease (IRR=1.51 95% CI=1.20-1.90), antipsychotics (IRR=1.26, 95% CI=1.02-1.55), or illicit drugs (IRR=2.40, 95% CI=1.82-3.15) was associated with a higher likelihood of major effect/death.Conclusions: Suspected suicide attempts or intentional misuse accounted for more than 40% of amphetamine or methylphenidate exposure cases age 50+. The higher likelihood of major effect/death in cases involving antidepressants, antipsychotics, and cardiovascular disease drugs also suggests confounding effects of comorbid mental and physical health problems. Careful monitoring of those who were prescribed amphetamine or methylphenidate and use other substances are needed.
Mastering Air Combat Game With Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Zhu Jingyu , Kuang Minchi , Zhou Wenqing , Shi Heng , Zhu Jihong , Zhang Hongli , Li Xinkai , Han Xun
Published: May 2023

Reinforcement learning is used for air combat problems in recent years, and the idea of curriculum learning is often used for reinforcement learning, but traditional curriculum learning suffers from the problem of plasticity loss in neural networks. Plasticity loss is the difficulty of learning new knowledge after the network has converged. To this end, we propose a motivational curriculum learning distributed proximal policy optimization (MCLDPPO) algorithm, through which agents trained can significantly outperform the predictive game tree and mainstream reinforcement learning methods. The motivational curriculum learning is to help the agent gradually improve their combat ability by observing the agent's unsatisfactory performance and providing corresponding rewards as a guide. Additionally, a complete tactical maneuver is encapsulated based on existing air combat knowledge, and through the flexible use of these maneuvers, some tactics beyond human knowledge can be realized. In addition, we designed an interruption mechanism for the agent to increase the frequency of decision-making when the agent faces an emergency. When the number of threats the agent receives changes, the current action will be interrupted to reacquire observations and make decisions again. Using the interruption mechanism can significantly improve the ability of the agent. To simulate actual air combat better, we built an air combat environment based on digital twin technology to create an air combat engine core such as missiles and radars. Based on this environment, we develop a distributed intelligent training system that employs Redis as the cache and obtains the data generated in the distributed environment through a multi-threaded TCP/IP protocol, which significantly increases the training data throughput and helps the agent accelerates convergence. The experimental results demonstrate that the agent can fully exploit the situational information to make reasonable decisions and affords air combat tactical adaption, verifying the effectiveness of the algorithmic framework proposed in this paper.
Simulation of Ultrafast Polarization Switching in BaTiO3
Authors: Zhilyaev Petr , Brekhov Kirill , Tantardini Christian , Mishina Elena
Published: May 2023

The challenge of achieving ultrafast switching of electric polarization in ferroelectric materials remains unsolved, as there is no experimental evidence of such switching to date. In this study, we have developed an enhanced model that describes switching within a two-dimensional space of generalized coordinates. Our findings indicate that stable switching in barium titanate cannot be achieved through a single linearly polarized pulse. When the intensity of the linearly polarized pulse reaches a certain threshold, the sample experiences depolarization, but not stable switching. Our study also reveals that phonon friction plays a minor role in the switching dynamics and provides an estimate of the optimal parameters of the perturbing pulse with the lowest intensity that results in depolarization of an initially depolarized sample.
STATE EDUCATION POLICY: WAYS OF IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Hren Larysa , Grybko Olga
Published: May 2023

Abstract: the article identifies important features of the state educational policy, considers three approaches to understanding the process of its implementation, establishes a number of factors influencing the development and implementation of the state educational policy. A number of functions have been outlined, the performance of which will ensure its effective implementation at all levels.
THE PEDAGOGUE AS SEEN BY STUDENTS: PERCEPTION OF PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION, PROFESSIONAL IMAGE, PARTNERSHIP INTERACTION ORGANIZING, INFORMATION COMPETENCE AND TEACHER’S LEADERSHIP
Authors: Romanovskiy Olexandr , Ihnatiuk Olha , Reznik Svitlana , Solodovnyk Tetіana
Published: May 2023

Abstract: it is determined in the article that statistically significant difference in students’ perceiving professionally important formations in pedagogues whose quality of teaching was estimated by students as positive or negative. Overall, the average rank of professionally significant formations for pedagogues positively evaluated by students is in the area of 80, while in pedagogues negatively evaluated by students, it is around 30. Among all of the professionally significant formations, evaluated by students in pedagogues, there is sufficiently strong correlation link. It is possible to conclude that the development of the sum total of the professionally significant formations as defined by us will be significant for students’ positive estimation of the teacher as such who is distinguished by his/her high quality teaching.
A Study on the Mechanisms of Influence of High School Music Curriculum Instructional Design on Developing Students' Core Literacy in Music Subject - Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Jiaxin Li
Published: May 2023

The level of high school music curriculum instructional design determines the effectiveness of high school students' music discipline core literacy development. To clarify the mechanism of the influence of high school music curriculum instructional design on the cultivation of students' core literacy in music can help the cultivation of high school students' core literacy in music. The empirical study using structural equation modeling found that there were significant correlations among the four dimensions within the questionnaire: instructional goals, instructional content, instructional implementation, and instructional evaluation in high school music curriculum instructional design; there was no direct effect of instructional content on developing high school music discipline core literacy; there was a significant mediating effect of instructional implementation and instructional evaluation between instructional goals and high school music discipline core literacy There is no direct influence of teaching content on the development of core literacy in high school music; there is a significant mediating influence of teaching implementation and teaching evaluation between teaching objectives and core literacy in high school music; teaching objectives have a significant positive influence of teaching evaluation on teaching content, teaching practice and teaching evaluation. In this regard, in the process of high school music curriculum instructional design, music teachers should further enrich the instructional design system that helps develop students' core literacy in music.
INFLUÊNCIA HIDROCLIMÁTICA NAS INTERNAÇÕES POR DIARREIA AGUDA, MANAUS, AMAZONAS, BRASIL.
Authors: BELEZA DE CASTRO MARCELA , CÂNDIDO ANDRÉ DA SILVA NETO JOÃO
Published: May 2023

Este estudo analisou a influência hidroclimática na transmissão da diarreia aguda em Manaus nos anos 2000 a 2018. Os dados utilizados foram: pluviosidade, temperaturas e umidade, obtidas no INMET; dados da cota do rio obtidos no Porto de Manaus; dados de ocorrências de alagação foram obtidas na Defesa Civil. Em relação aos dados da diarreia aguda, utilizou-se o Sistema de Informações Hospitalares, especificamente, dados que compõem o CID 10: A00–A09. Os resultados indicaram que a diarreia apresentou pouca variabilidade anual e picos de internações entre os meses de janeiro e abril. Os resultados da Correlação de Pearson indicaram que a variável umidade, temperatura mínima e média apresentaram melhores correlações, embora fracas (R2=0,3 ou -0,3). Somente as variáveis cota máxima, mínima, chuva e alagações foram significativas (p=0,4433; 0,326; 0,310; 0,296). Quanto à predição da doença pela análise de regressão multivariada, a umidade teve maior valor correlação e menor significância (R2= 7,7%; p=0,000); seguidas da cota média (R2= 4,7%) e alagação (R2= 1,3%), ambas com significância estatística (p.= 0,130 e 0,296, respectivamente). Concluiu-se que algumas variáveis hidroclimáticas não foram suficientes na predição da doença, assim, sugere-se considerar outros determinantes da saúde que estejam associadas a sua transmissão, como condições socioeconômicas e socioculturais.
EDIFÍCIO SOLAR FOTOVOLTAICO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAZONAS
Authors: Bezerra Eron
Published: May 2023

O desenvolvimento da agricultura, com a domesticação de animais e plantas, só ocorreu nos últimos 10 mil anos. Antes a humanidade vivia exclusivamente da simples predação. Com o capitalismo e a revolução industrial, se intensifica o uso dos recursos naturais, no geral de forma extremamente predatória, ameaçando o colapso do próprio sistema produtivo. Conciliar o desenvolvimento das forças produtivas com o uso racional dos recursos naturais tem sido o desafio permanente da humanidade. Um dos principais insumos ao processo produtivo é a energia, no geral oriunda de combustíveis fósseis, altamente poluentes, e hidráulica, com enorme impacto ambiental. O desafio do presente, portanto, é produzir energias sustentáveis, que vise assegurar o suprimento desse insumo estratégico a preço acessível e reduza a emissão de gases de efeito estufa (GEE), especialmente o dióxido de carbono (CO2). No Amazonas, situado na faixa equatorial, a melhor opção é a energia solar. A energia eólica padece de ventos irregulares e com velocidade na faixa de 1 m/s. E a energia hidráulica, tem enorme impacto ambiental, como o exemplo da UHE Balbina demonstra. Dados iniciais do projeto “Estudo do Potencial de Energia Solar Fotovoltaica no Edifício Solar da FCA e sua replicação através do Centro de Capacitação em ESF nos Campus da UFAM”, com 280 kW de potência instalada, indicam que para cada 1.000 kW de energia produzida pelo sistema fotovoltaico da FCA há uma supressão de 1,2 toneladas de CO2 e uma equivalência de 55 árvores plantadas.