bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dispersal rate of Potamophylax cingulatus and Micropterna sequax (Trichoptera) in Iceland
Authors: Gíslason Gísli Már , Ólafsson Erling , Alfredsson Matthías S.
Published: July 2023

During the 20th and 21st century, two species of Trichoptera have colonised Iceland. One species is Potamophylax cingulatus and the other is Micropterna sequax.

Potamophylax cingulatus was not found in several extensive surveys before 1942, conducted by several entomologists. During a survey in streams in 1974–1978, the species was found to be common in east and north-east Iceland, but the Trichoptera species Apatania zonella was absent, where it was common before 1942. Searching collections of unidentified Trichoptera, a single specimen was found in east Iceland on 30 July 1959. The survey was repeated in 2004–2006 and the species had colonised most streams and rivers in Iceland and A. zonella had disappeared from many of them. Potamophylax cingulatus was first recorded in two light traps in south Iceland in 1997 with two specimens. The catch has increased continuously to 267 in 2022.

Micropterna sequax was found in a single light trap at Mógilsá near Reykjavik in 2008. The annual catch has since grown from two specimens to 144. The species was found at Hvanneyri, 40 km north of the original site it was recorded from in 2018 (8 specimens) and, in 2021, it was found in Kjós, 11 km from the original site (one specimen based on a photograph).

The dispersal rate for P. cingulatus was about 7–9 km/year, but the dispersal rate for the more recent settler M. sequax was found to be 4 km/year.
Pullback attractor for a nonautonomous parabolic Cahn-Hilliard phase-field system
Authors: Mangoubi Jean De Dieu , Goyaud Mayeul Evrard Isseret , Moukoko Daniel
Published: July 2023

Our aim in this paper is to study generalizations of the Caginalp phase-field system based on a thermomechanical theory involving two temperatures and a nonlinear coupling. In particular, we prove well-posedness results. More precisely, the existence of a pullback attractor for a nonautonomous parabolic of type Cahn-Hilliard phase-field system. The pullback attractor is a compact set, invariant with respect to the cocycle and which attracts the solutions in the neighborhood of minus infinity, consequently the attractor pullback (or attractor retrograde) exhibits a infinite fractal dimension.
On Maia type fixed point results via implicit relation
Authors: Bera Ashis , Mondal Pratikshan , Garai Hiranmoy , Dey Lakshmi Kanta
Published: July 2023

In order to study Maia type fixed point results for several well-known contractions, we suggest two novel contractions called $ \mathcal{A} $-contraction and $ \mathcal{A}' $-contraction. The majority of the Maia type fixed point results for various contractions can now be unified through these, which eliminate the need to manage various contractions individually. The advantage of including such contractions in the study of Maia type fixed point results has been demonstrated in suitable examples. We present an application of one of our established results towards the conclusion of the paper.
Intra-parotid facial nerve neuroma, an overlooked differential for a parotid lesion
Authors: Lim Shi Wei Desmond , Murugasu Euan , Chuah Joo Hong
Published: July 2023

Facial nerve neuromas rarely occur in the intra-parotid segment of the facial nerve and when they do, masquerade as a parotid lump. The imaging and clinical features of the intra-parotid facial neuroma overlaps with the more commonly encountered salivary gland neoplasms and is thus overlooked. However, if not recognized, may result in serious and avoidable adverse events for the patient if biopsied or surgically removed. These include pain, facial nerve palsy and cosmetic deformity. In this report, we present the case of a 47-year-old male patient with an intra-parotid facial nerve neuroma with images including computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and intra-operative photos. The lesion was eventually left in situ to avoid facial nerve palsy and preserve cosmesis. A discussion of the imaging characteristics and differential diagnoses is subsequently elaborated.
A Conceptual Review on Gamification as a Platform for Brand Engagement in the Marketing Context
Authors: Hewapathirana N. T. , Caldera Sujith
Published: July 2023

With the impact of new technological advancement marketing strategies and tools have evolved significantly. Gamification is one of the trendiest tools which can be used to generate more brand engagement in the marketing context. Gamification has been used in different industries so far in order to generate brand engagement by targeting different sets of the target audience. Sometimes it has been linked with different types of platforms and mostly used to provide a better-gamified experience along with the brands in the marketing context. In many countries, this concept is tested in different platforms in order to use this more effectively in the marketing context. With the impact of severe problems and different circumstances, gamification has been used in the industry to generate better brand engagement and this notion has evolved and subsequently gained the attention of researchers. However, it is questionable what significant characteristics a firm needs to focus on gamification to have better brand engagement in the marketing context. As a result, the purpose of this paper is to attempt to review both empirical and theoretical arguments and aspects to consider in gamification as a platform and its impact on brand engagement in the marketing context. To objectively analyze the gamification components described by many writers, a thorough literature review is conducted by selecting both conceptual and empirical works mostly published recently in renowned publications. Based on the content, gamification components have been identified as mechanics & aesthetics, self-benefits, self-interaction, and self-achievement. A proposed model extends the findings into a conceptual realm by summarizing all these aspects.
Influence of Codesign as a Cocreation Strategy on Constructability (Among Sri Lankan Architectural and Engineering Design Start-Up Practices)
Authors: Kiralawelle Muhandiramge Janani Randhula Gajadheera
Published: July 2023

This research looks at the influence that codesign has on the constructability of a project and how the client’s knowledge impacts this relationship. Client knowledge is explored as a mediator. Further The factor that gave the largest contribution to codesign was the form of facilitation with a mean of 1.59, which was closest to the strongly agree point on the scale (number 1 was assigned to Strongly agree). The overall mean value of codesign was 1.82. Knowledge management gave the largest contribution towards constructability with a mean of 1.61. The overall mean of constructability was 1.70. The mediator, client knowledge had an overall mean of 2.10 with experience having the largest contribution with a mean of 2.08. Four hypotheses were tested. Hypothesis 1 was accepted since the correlation was 0.633, and its significance was 0.000, with the regression model fitting by 40.1%, showing that there was an impact on constructability from codesign. Hypothesis 2 was to test whether codesign and client knowledge were related, and it was proven, since correlation is reported to be 0.432 and its significance is 0.000, with the regression model fitting by 18.6%. Hypothesis 3 tested the relationship between client knowledge and constructability. It was also accepted in the correlation is reported to be 0.453 and its significance is 0.000 with the regression model fitting by 20.6%. Further, all factors in the three variables were validated through cross validation via thematic analysis, except for access to information. This could be because the client may not be able to interpret the information on their own. Hypothesis 4 investigated the mediator and an z value of 2.26 with significance of 0.000 indicates that client knowledge significantly mediates the relationship between codesign and constructability.
Pre-existing T Cell Memory to Novel Pathogens
Authors: Afroz Sumbul , Bartolo Laurent , Su Laura F
Published: July 2023

Immunological experiences lead to the development of specific T and B cell memory, which readies the host for a later pathogen rechallenge. Currently, immunological memory is best understood as a linear process whereby memory responses are generated by and directed against the same pathogen. However, numerous studies have identified memory cells that target pathogens in unexposed individuals. How “pre-existing memory” forms and impacts the outcome of infection remains unclear. In this review, we discuss differences in the composition of baseline T cell repertoire in mice and humans, factors that influence pre-existing immune states, and recent literature on their functional significance. We summarize current knowledge on the roles of pre-existing T cells in homeostasis and perturbation and their impacts on health and disease.
A Score System to Prioritize Design Safety Features
Authors:   Leonardo Helicopters, Ragazzi Matteo , Dossena Giorgio , Terzi Marco , Nassi Barbara
Published: July 2023

Safety features introduced in recent rotorcraft designs have not made their way into the bulk of the rotorcraft flying fleets around the world in spite many of them have been firstly introduced many years ago in newly certified platforms. The longevity of the current rotorcraft population has proved to be exceeding all the expectations and forecast that were made when these features were introduced. However the flat trend in accident rates and fatalities verified in these years especially in some sectors is urging the regulators and many other stakeholders to take action. Hence the need to define a method able to establish rational priorities to push the new safety features into the market, by using quantitative and qualitative criteria.
MIL-STD-3063 RSIP - A New Standard Practice for U.S. Army Rotorcraft Structural Integrity Programs
Authors:   US Army CCDC AvMC, Kiser Michael
Published: July 2023

As the U.S. Army endeavors to maintain overmatch capability in the global arena, Future Vertical Lift has become a high priority. In a climate that demands a more efficient and affordable acquisition process, it is imperative that structural integrity requirements are maintained as a priority to ensure initial quality, supportability, and maintainability considerations. Therefore, it is paramount that a standard practice be utilized so that structural integrity requirements are clearly understood by the Product Office, the Airworthiness Authority, and the Original Equipment Manufacturer(s). This paper highlights how the MIL-STD-3063 U.S. Army Standard Practice for Rotorcraft Structural Integrity Programs can meet these demands by laying out interrelated functional tasks in a concise manner to allow for decision makers to make sound choices with regards to structural integrity for any new developmental aircraft. The paper also details how the standard practice is being utilized to assist and guide Future Vertical Lift efforts.
Hybrid Natural Fiber Composites in a Helicopter Cabin Door - Mechanical Properties and Ecological Efficiency
Authors:   Technical University Munich, Strohrmann Katharina , André Nicolas , Manfred Hajek
Published: July 2023

The overall goal of this work is the application of bio-based materials in an aerospace structure, while maintaining the structural-mechanical performance in accordance with its certification standards. This goal was pursued through the use of hybrid composites made from a combination of conventional (carbon) and bio-based fiber composites (flax). The cockpit door of an ultralight helicopter was chosen to prove the applicability of this hybrid composite. A reference door, built from carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers, was considered a benchmark to the requirements in terms of mass, stiffness, damping, ecological efficiency and costs.
First, the benchmark door was built and characterized. Then the geometry was redesigned for the application of flax f iber composites, leading to an increase of the areal moment of inertia. The new geometry was then analyzed using multiple gravity loads. Highly loaded areas were locally reinforced with carbon prepregs. Tensile tests and subcomponent cantilever beam tests were iteratively analyzed for the development and advancement of the finite element analysis (FEA) model. A significant material nonlinearity in form of a reduction of elasticity with increasing strains is inherent in flax-fiber composites, this phenomenon was interpreted as a yield point and included in the failure analysis. The resulting hybrid design showed promising results, as the stiffness matched the reference doors and a mass reduction of 6% with an increase in the bio-based material mass from 0 to 43% was achieved. But, due to manufacturing issues, additional epoxy layers had to be used in the flax weave, which significantly reduced the fiber volume content. As a result, the built hybrid door consisted of a bio-based mass of only 30%. The ecological efficiency, in terms of material primary production, of the hybrid door is significantly better than the reference doors. By calculation, the hybrid door’s materials consumed 221.7MJ-eq less energy, while emitting 11.0kgCO2-eq less carbon. However, drawbacks in the operational life due to an increased mass are inherent and break even on the ecological efficiency. This weight-drawback needs to be prevented, which could be achieved through a denser flax-fiber weave. In order to point out the potential of natural fibers, the designed hybrid version is also compared to the reference. Furthermore, benefits in terms of costs, vibration behavior, and mechanical damping are itemized in this work.
Hierarchically Organized Nanocomposites for Enhanced Fatigue Life of Rotorcraft Components
Authors:   Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Kamble Mithil , Lakhnot Aniruddha , Picu Catain , Koratkar Nikhil
Published: July 2023

Rotorcraft components, which are often made with reinforced fiber composites, are subjected to severe fatigue loadings due to increased performance demands. Therefore, considerable research interest exists in improving fatigue life of conventional fiber reinforced composites. Nanocomposites are a new class of materials which seek to improve mechanical performance of materials by creating nanoscale crack-nanofiller interactions. In this study we demonstrate the fatigue life improvement of conventional composites by addition of SiO2 nanofillers. The epoxy resin was initially modified with nanofillers to test the static fracture toughness. Once the improvement in static facture toughness was confirmed, three phase modified fiber reinforced composites were made using the modified resin. Cyclic tests were performed at various stress level which demonstrate that three phase nanocomposites perform better than conventional fiber reinforced composites. Fractographic analysis suggests that nanofiller de-bonding from the matrix as well as crack deflection around nanofiller clusters contributes to the improved fracture toughness and fatigue life.
Design and Conduct of a Flight Test to Investigate Hover In-Ground-Effect Performance over Sloped Terrain
Authors:   KBRwyle, Holder John ,   US Naval Test Pilot School, Tritschler John
Published: July 2023

This paper presents flight test results from a research investigation into the effect of sloping terrain on hover power required. The investigation involved flight test data that were collected for a UH-72A Lakota helicopter while hovering inside ground effect above sloped terrain of varied gradients, in several aircraft orientations and multiple heights above the ground. Performance data were collected over a range of thrust coefficients by varying aircraft weight, rotor speed and environmental conditions over two sorties. The data are compared and contrasted to provide specific insight into the effects of slope magnitude, slope orientation, and rotor hub height. The results demonstrate that hovering over sloping terrain yields performance effects that are both non-intuitive and operationally significant. In particular, the effect of the sloping terrain was seen, in some conditions, to cause power requirements that exceed those for hover out-of-ground-effect, a traditional worst-case value for pre-mission performance planning.
A Research on the Icing Flight Test and Computational Simulation for the Design of Ice Protection System for KUH (Korean Utility Helicopter)
Authors:   Korea Aerospace Industries, Park Nameun , Kim Jik , Lee Sang , Woo Cheol , Kim Hyung , Hwang Yoo
Published: July 2023

Icing of the fuselage and blades may occur when the helicopter is flying in the icing area. If ice accretion occurs in the ADS(Air Data System) of the fuselage, normal speed and altitude information are lost, making it difficult to flight. When windshield icing occurs, the view of pilot is limited and flight is difficult. Also, the ice accretion of the blades deforms the outer shape of the blades (Ref. 1) and makes the dynamic characteristics unstable due to an abnormal weight increase, resulting in deterioration of performance, deterioration of maneuverability, and structural instability. To avoid this, an anti-icing or de-icing system is required. Therefore, if the aircraft is not fitted with a proper anti-icing system, it is not possible to operate under icing conditions. However, it is difficult to design a proper anti-icing system considering the position of anti-icing protection area and icing phenomenon due to limitation of electric power, weight, thermal damage temperature limit, shape and so on. It is essential of understanding of anti-icing mechanism for selection and design of appropriate anti-ice system considering configuration (impingement limit, collection efficiency), material (thermal fatigue limit, heating source) and icing amount (collection efficiency, stagnation point). This paper introduces the preparation procedure (analysis & simulation, design, scaled model test) of icing certification test and the artificial/natural icing flight test method for proving helicopter icing through KUH case, and describes the characteristics of each system for the de/anti-icing system design of the helicopter, the computational analysis method, comparison with the test result, and the improvement method of the de/anti-icing system.
Autonomy Experimentation in an Operationally Relevant Scenario
Authors:   Aurora Flight Sciences, Jewell Jason
Published: July 2023

Aurora Flight Sciences' Autonomy Enabled H-1 (AEH-1) was developed under the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Autonomous Aerial Cargo Utility System (AACUS) program. AACUS was designed to provide autonomous control of a full-scale rotorcraft, giving supervisory control to an Air Vehicle Operator (AVO) with no specialized aviation experience. To that end Aurora AEH-1 to provide a robust testbed for the autonomy system. After successfully completing that five-year Innovative Naval Prototype (INP) program with demonstrated autonomous capabilities in closed loop flight, the AEH-1 was selected for experimentation in support of the USMC Sea Dragon 25 FY 18 Hybrid logistics experiment, the purpose of which was to "examine the ability of the Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) to conduct hybrid logistics through science and technology development." The experimentation took place during the United States Marine Corps (USMC) Integrated Training Exercise (ITX) 318.
Considerazioni in merito al parere del Comitato Nazionale di Bioetica. Covid-19: la decisione clinica in condizioni di carenza di risorse e il criterio del â€œtriage in emergenza pandemicaâ€
Authors: Giubbilo Ilaria
Published: July 2023

Nellâ€™ambito della recente pandemia Sars-Cov-2 correlata si Ã¨ posta in evidenza in Italia la problematica della scarsitÃ  delle risorse in sanitÃ  e sul come destinarle su base etica oltre che economico/manageriale. Il Comitato Nazionale di Bioetica (CNB) nel parere dellâ€™8 aprile 2020 ha riconosciuto il criterio clinico il piÃ¹ adeguato punto di riferimento finanche nelle situazioni di triage in emergenza pandemica, ritenendo qualunque altro criterio â€œdi selezione [...] eticamente inaccettabileâ€ . CiÃ² viene detto in risposta alle Raccomandazioni di etica clinica della SocietÃ  Scientifica SIAARTI, uscite a marzo 2020, nelle quali si ipotizza lâ€™introduzione di un limite di etÃ  per lâ€™accesso di pazienti affetti da CoViD al percorso intensivo di cure, stanti risorse sempre piÃ¹ scarse e terapie intensive ad alti livelli di saturazione. AffinchÃ¨ perÃ² tutto il dibattito che se ne Ã¨ generato a vari gradi (ordini professionali, opinione pubblica, organismi istituzionali...) sia propositivo,- deve venire recuperato un percorso di senso. Un suggerimento in questa direzione deriva dallâ€™etica dei trapianti. Nel mondo della donazione e dei trapianti Ã¨ difatti quotidiana la decisione su come allocare le scarse risorse portando avanti scelte valoriali anche forti, nellâ€™ottemperanza di principi etici, deontologici, giuridici, senza rischiare la deriva del piano inclinato.
Homomorphisms between multidimensional constant-shape substitutions
Authors: Cabezas Christopher
Published: July 2023

We study a class of

\mathbb{Z}^{d}

-substitutive subshifts, including a large family of constant-length substitutions, and homomorphisms between them, i.e., factors modulo isomorphisms of

\mathbb{Z}^{d}

. We prove that any measurable factor map and even any homomorphism associated to a matrix commuting with the expansion matrix, induces a continuous one. We also get strong restrictions on the normalizer group, proving that any endomorphism is invertible, the normalizer group is virtually generated by the shift action and the quotient of the normalizer group by the automorphisms is restricted by the digit tile of the substitution.
CFD Simulation of Pressure, Temperature and Rotational Speed Influence on the Cavitation in Centrifugal Pump Impeller
Authors: Gupta Punit , Subhash Maharshi , Dobriyal Ritvik , Sharma Rakesh Chandmal
Published: July 2023

The impeller is a critical rotating part of a centrifugal pump where the energy transfer to the fluid takes place. The complex nature of the fluid flow inside the impeller can give rise to cavitation which is highly undesirable. Design and operating conditions in the impeller influence the extent of cavitation. The effect of the outlet pressure, temperature and rotational speed of the impeller was studied using ANSYS CFX Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The impeller geometry was meshed with high-quality hexahedral meshes and the y + values around the blade surface are less than 2. The k - omega turbulence model was used along with the ZGB model of cavitation. The effects of the variable parameters on the cavitation volume and the head developed were extensively studied. The numerical trends are similar to those presented in the literature. By carefully controlling the outlet pressure, the effects of increased temperature can be mitigated. Thus, it is possible to operate a centrifugal pump at higher working fluid temperatures by operating the pressure above 275 kPa.
Effect of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Parameters on various Tool Steels using Grey Relational Analysis
Authors: Udayaprakash J. , Rajkumar C. , Jayavelu S. , Sivaprakasam P.
Published: July 2023

Materials having very high strength are causing hardship to machine using traditional machining methods. Therefore, consequently, unconventional machining process such as ECM, USM and EDM is developed for machining such materials. Wire EDM is an unconventional metal removal technology utilised to produce parts of any profile. Wire EDM machining parameters were optimised using Grey Relational Analysis for machining of tool steels such as H13, D2 and Oil Hardened Non-Shrinking Steels (OHNS). Optimum parameters are identified by conducting L27 OA experiment on H13, D2 and OHNS considering factors like GV, Ton, Toff and the wire feed by Taguchi based GRA method considering MRR, SR and cutting width (kerf) as the performance characteristics. Nine experiments were conducted with each tool. Objective is to obtain maximum MRR, minimum SR and minimum kerf simultaneously. The significance of the machining parameters was determined using ANOVA. From the response table and response graphs, the optimum process parameters were chosen. This method helped to improve the WEDM process.
Response of Adhesively Bonded Single Lap Joint Doped with Graphene in Adhesive to Shear Loads
Authors: Amitkumar R. , Asokan R. , Jhanji Kanu Priya , Sokal Kuleshwar , Patil Rohit , Surya P.
Published: July 2023

The adhesively bonded joint creates a strong bond between the adherend and the adhesive and are replacing the riveted joints in numerous fields such as aerospace, automobile and civil sectors. In this study, the consequence of compositions of graphene nanoparticle doped in the epoxy adhesive on the shear behaviour of single lap joints of adhesively bonded glass and carbon fibre as adherends were investigated. Glass and carbon fibre laminates were produced using Rotex EP-306 resin and Rotex EH-758 hardener. Adhesively bonded single lap joints were then made by using a two-part epoxy structural adhesive. Graphene was added in weight percentages of 0.1%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% into the resin and dispersed by using the method of ultrasonication. A shear test was carried to determine the bonding strength. Results indicated that joints with 0.5% wt. of graphene showed better bond strength compared to other configurations for both glass and carbon adherend. It was noted that with further increase in percentage of graphene, the shear strength decreased. Furthermore, the joints made with carbon as adherend showed better strength properties in comparison with joints made of glass adherend.
Design of Control Scheme for Integrated Thermal Management System of New Energy Bus
Authors: Li Z.G. , Chen B. , Yu Q. , Wang Y.
Published: July 2023

With the gradual promotion and popularization of new energy vehicles, the safety of new energy vehicles has attracted more and more attention. The thermal management system (TMS) is the key to whether the key assembly of new energy can work normally. In this paper an optimized control method is developed for the intelligent control of the TMS with the lowest overall energy consumption by taking into account the performance requirements of each subsystem. To realize this, the simulation of the integrated TMS is carried out along with a real vehicle test platform to provide practical and feasible solutions. This study has improved the design depth and level of system intelligence and digitalization.
Separating Sessions Smoothly
Authors: Fowler Simon , Kokke Wen , Dardha Ornela , Lindley Sam , Morris J. Garrett
Published: July 2023

This paper introduces Hypersequent GV (HGV), a modular and extensible core
calculus for functional programming with session types that enjoys deadlock
freedom, confluence, and strong normalisation. HGV exploits hyper-environments,
which are collections of type environments, to ensure that structural
congruence is type preserving. As a consequence we obtain an operational
correspondence between HGV and HCP -- a process calculus based on hypersequents
and in a propositions-as-types correspondence with classical linear logic
(CLL). Our translations from HGV to HCP and vice-versa both preserve and
reflect reduction. HGV scales smoothly to support Girard's Mix rule, a crucial
ingredient for channel forwarding and exceptions.
On Presburger arithmetic extended with non-unary counting quantifiers
Authors: Habermehl Peter , Kuske Dietrich
Published: July 2023

We consider a first-order logic for the integers with addition. This logic
extends classical first-order logic by modulo-counting, threshold-counting and
exact-counting quantifiers, all applied to tuples of variables (here, residues
are given as terms while moduli and thresholds are given explicitly). Our main
result shows that satisfaction for this logic is decidable in two-fold
exponential space. If only threshold- and exact-counting quantifiers are
allowed, we prove an upper bound of alternating two-fold exponential time with
linearly many alternations. This latter result almost matches Berman's exact
complexity of first-order logic without counting quantifiers.
To obtain these results, we first translate threshold- and exact-counting
quantifiers into classical first-order logic in polynomial time (which already
proves the second result). To handle the remaining modulo-counting quantifiers
for tuples, we first reduce them in doubly exponential time to modulo-counting
quantifiers for single elements. For these quantifiers, we provide a quantifier
elimination procedure similar to Reddy and Loveland's procedure for first-order
logic and analyse the growth of coefficients, constants, and moduli appearing
in this process. The bounds obtained this way allow to restrict quantification
in the original formula to integers of bounded size which then implies the
first result mentioned above.
Our logic is incomparable with the logic considered by Chistikov et al. in
2022. They allow more general counting operations in quantifiers, but only
unary quantifiers. The move from unary to non-unary quantifiers is non-trivial,
since, e.g., the non-unary version of the H\"artig quantifier results in an
undecidable theory.
Nigella Sativa's Effect on Biochemical as well as Anthropometric Parameters in Diabetic Rats on High Fat Diet
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Sitapur, UP, India, Tariq Salman Mohammad , Khan Kamil ,   Department of Anatomy, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Sitapur, UP, India, Sadiq M Merchant , Pooja Shukla , Suyog Sindhu , Devendra S Kushwah
Published: July 2023

Objective: Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds and its crude extract or essential oils have been widely used traditionally for nutritional and medicinal applications in Asian countries. Its effects on diabetics with high fat diet consumption have not been adequately studied. This study was undertaken to study its effects on body weight, abdominal girth, lipid profile and plasma glucose levels in diabetic high fat diet fed rats. Materials and Methods : Streptozotocin induced male Wistar rats were fed high fat diet [5130 kcal] for 4 weeks after which they were given vehicle, Nigella sativa ethanolic extract (300mg/kg), Nigella sativa ethanolic extract (600 mg) or metformin (100 mg). Lipid profile, blood glucose, body weight & abdominal girth were measured. Results: Nigella sativa ethanolic extract (600 mg) caused significant reduction in blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL and non HDL cholesterol comparable to metformin. Conclusion : Nigella sativa shows anti-hyperglycemic effects and improvement in lipid profile in diabetic high fat diet fed rats which is comparable to metformin. Further studies are required to advocate its use in patients with diabetes and dyslipidemias. Keywords: Nigella sativa, diabetes mellitus, antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, high fat
Effect of Dietary Diversity on the Nutritional Status in Pregnant Women and in Turn its Effect on Birth Weight of the Baby
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine,, BLDE deemed to be University, BLDE Medical college, Bijapur, R Manjula , Udgiri Rekha , Mallapur Ashalatha , Patil Shailaja
Published: July 2023

Background: Nutrient intake is important to the well-being of pregnant women and the fetus. Most of the previous studies points nutrition status based on energy and protein intake. However there are few studies indicate the use of dietary diversity as a marker of assessing the nutrition status. Healthy diets include the most diverse foods, and balance in eating food provides maternal and fetal health and reduces the prevalence of Low birthweight. Objectives: The objectives of the present study are to find out the association between Dietary diversity score with the nutrition status of the Pregnant Women (Gestational weight gain and nutritional anaemia.) And to find out the effects of gestational weight gain and nutritional anemia on the birth weight of the baby. Methods: An Institutional ethical clearance was obtained and the present Hospital based study was carried out in the OBG department of tertiary care centre of North Karnataka between December 2019 to February 2020. Sample size was estimated to be 120. Results: In the present study, a total of 120 women participated in the study. The Mean age of the study participants was 25.2±3.4, and the study found mean DDS was 7.04±1.58, with the scores ranging from 3 to 12. Association between the Dietary diversity score (DDS) and birthweight of the baby was found to be statistically significant (p=0.03) There is a statistically significant difference in DDS mean score between anaemic and normal pregnant women (p=0.007). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between Gestational weight gain and birth weight of the baby (p=0.03). There were positive correlation between the DDS and the Birthweight and Gestational weight gain, though it was statistically non-significant. Conclusion: Nutrition education for pregnant women should include the facts about the different food groups, it advantages will help to include diverse food items in their diet. Keywords: Dietary diversity score, Gestational weight gain, Birth weight
Myeloid Sarcoma: A Mediastinal Masquerader
Authors:   Department of Oncopathology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Gujarat, India, Paul Jocelyn Sara , Gandhi Jahnavi , Sawhney Jyoti , Patel Trupti , Trivedi Priti
Published: July 2023

Mediastinal Myeloid Sarcoma is a rare entity. Here we present a case of a 28-year-old gentleman, who first presented with a mediastinal mass and was clinically considered lymphoblastic lymphoma. He was diagnosed initially as having T lymphoblastic lymphoma on a mediastinal trucut biopsy. After one month patient was diagnosed with Acute myeloid leukemia on peripheral smear and bone marrow examination and was confirmed with the help of flow cytometry. The biopsy slides from the mediastinal mass were reviewed and based on the smear findings additional immunohistochemical markers were added and diagnosed as Myeloid Sarcoma. Keywords: Myeloid sarcoma, Mediastinum, Acute myeloid leukemia
Report of an Unusual Case of Hemosiderotic Fibrohistiocytic Lipomatous Tumor with Systematic Review of Clinicopathological Characteristics and Differential Diagnosis
Authors:   Department of Pathology, JJM Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka, India, Soumya B M , Sharma Lalita , Kulkarni Vardendra , Preethi C R
Published: July 2023

The spectrum of lipomatous lesions ranges from benign to highly malignant disease. Differentiation between these mesenchymal lesions is important for pathologist as well as clinician to indicate prognosis and choose the most appropriate treatment. Hemosiderotic firohistiocytic lipomatous tumor (HFLT) is a rare subtype of lipomatous tumor. The diagnosis is usually based on clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical (IHC) information. We reported a case of 56 years old man with a painful mass in the dorsal aspect of the thigh showing an unusal clinical presentation but a characteristic histological and IHC features. In this article we have retrospectively reviewed the 67 cases of HFLT reported in literature so far along with one case reported at our institution. The review focuses on clinicopathological and histomorphological characteristics of HFLT and the related entities. The hallmark of HFLT and its related lesions is complex admixture of mature adipose tissue, spindle tumor cells with striking deposition of hemosiderin pigment. Even though HFLT shows marked predeliction for the distal extremeties especially the foot/ ankle with a female preponderance, they can occur at uncommon site such as thigh and also in males as seen in our case. Keywords: Pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor, Hemosiderotic fibrolipomatous tumor, Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma, Hemosiderin, Lipoma
Bacterial Vaginosis: A Review of Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Complications, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: Richman Mark , Nasir Rida , Guilherme Stephen , Puca Daisy , Menoudakos Demetra , Wang Jeffrey , Hall Rochelle , Cheta Melissa , Iyeke Lisa
Published: July 2023

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most-common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge among women of reproductive age, though many are asymptomatic. It is caused by the replacement of normal vaginal Lactobacillus with Gram-negative and anaerobic organisms. BV has assumed increasing public health importance through associations with numerous adverse outcomes in both gravid and non-gravid women. Risk factors for BV include smoking, non-White race, prior BV, current other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), inserting items in the vagina (e.g., sex, douching), and menses. Symptomatic BV has been associated with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), miscarriage, premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis, premature labor and delivery, postpartum endometritis, and post-hysterectomy vaginal cuff cellulitis. Anaerobic Gram-negative rods common to BV have also been independently associated with endometritis or PID, even in the absence of clinical BV. BV has also been independently associated with an increased risk of acquiring STDs, including acquiring and transmitting HIV. BV is not an STD, though recent sexual intercourse and multiple sexpartners are risk factors. BV causes a malodorous, white or gray vaginal discharge and is diagnosed through Amsel’s criteria. Treatment with metronidazole or clindamycin is important for symptom relief and to prevent adverse obstetric consequences, particularly among high-risk women who have had a previous preterm delivery or have a pre-pregnancy weight <50 kg.
Initiatives to Regulate Industrially Processed Foods
Authors: Pyakurel Shrina
Published: July 2023

Trans-fatty acids, commonly referred to as trans fats, were discovered in the early 20th century with the development of hydrogenation – a chemical process that converts liquid vegetable oil into solid fats. Initially perceived as a healthier alternative to saturated fats due to their stability during cooking and longer shelf life, more recent research has linked trans fats to a number of adverse health outcomes.1There are two types of trans fats: naturally occurring and artificial. Naturally occurring trans fats are found in small amounts in meat and dairy products from ruminant animals, such as sheep, cows, and goats, where the fats are formed in the gut of the animal. By contrast, artificial trans fats, also known as industrially produced trans fatty acids (iTFAs), are created through hydrogenation, which is the process utilized in the production of margarine and shortening.1 The consumption of trans fats leads to increased LDL (bad) cholesterol and decreased HDL (good) cholesterol levels. This unfavorable cholesterol profile can contribute to cholesterol accumulation in the arteries, elevating the risk of heart disease and stroke.2 The inclusion of trans fats as part of the daily diet increases the risk of coronary heart disease by 21% and the risk of death due to the disease by 28%.3 The consumption of trans fats also promotes inflammation, which can lead to the development of stroke, diabetes, and other chronic illnesses from excessive activation of the immune system. Moreover, consuming trans fats disrupts the normal functioning of the endothelial cells lining the inner wall of blood vessels, thereby compromising their responsiveness.4Trans fat is present in many processed and fried foods, including snacks and fast foods.1 The amount of trans fat in a food item depends on the number of times vegetable oil is heated during preparation, with increased heating leading to more significant health consequences. Specifically in South Asian cuisine, dishes cooked in vegetable ghee and certain steamed vegetable sweets like Jerry, Lalmohan, and Gundpak have been found to contain excessive amounts of trans fats.5According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there is no safe level of trans fat consumption; WHO recommends the intake of trans fats be limited to less than 1% of total daily energy intake.6 To provide a comprehensive strategy for eliminating iTFAs from the global food supply, the WHO introduced the REPLACE package, which contains a set of practical actions and guidelines for governments, industries, and civil society to make concerted efforts toward achieving this goal.
Analysis of Varroosis Model in Honeybee Colony with Interventions
Authors: Umar Ahmed , Musa Samuel , Agada Andrew Apeh
Published: July 2023

A deterministic mathematical model is proposed and analyzed to study the transmission dynamics of Varroosis in honeybee colony with interventions. The study combined both treatment and biocontrol strategy on curbing the menace of Varroosis on honeybee colony. As such, the study established the existence of the most important four steady states that include: disease-free and infestation-free, infestation with virus-free Varroa-mites, infestation with virus-carrying Varroa-mites and endemic steady state. Moreover, the study established the existence of backward bifurcation and sensitivity analysis of the model was performed. Correspondingly, the analysis of the model reveals that, ineffective treatment can induce backward bifurcation. Furthermore, the study results indicated that, when treatment is 100% effective, the disease-free and infestation-free steady state is globally asymptotically stable for R0 < 1, whereas for R0 > 1the global stability of the endemic steady state is proved only on a special case.
Evaluación del nivel de condición física post pandemia en estudiantes adolescentes del Ecuador
Authors: Sevilla  Morocho Lizbeth Estefania
Published: July 2023

En diversos estudios se ha demostrado varias investigaciones con respecto a la condición física de jóvenes estudiantes, sin embargo, que ocurre con el aumento del sedentarismo llevado a cabo durante la pandemia detectada en el 2020, donde los adolescentes permanecieron por un tiempo prolongado en cuarentena, restringiendo las actividades físicas al aire libre. La finalidad de dicho estudio es medir el nivel de condición física de los estudiantes por medio de la aplicación del test Course Navette, en jóvenes educandos de 13 a 15 años aproximadamente pertenecientes a la Unidad Educativa Fiscal “Conocoto”, durante el periodo académico 2021-2022, con el propósito de brindar una planificación de actividades, programas y clases activas que busquen prevenir el factor de riesgo cardiovascular en los alumnos, involucrando contenidos teóricos y prácticos que impliquen generar conciencia social con respecto a su estilo de vida de una forma saludable. La investigación es considerada de tipo descriptiva, mediante el uso de métodos de análisis cuantitativos obtenidos en base a 140 estudiantes tanto hombres como mujeres; obteniendo como resultado que de los 140 educandos 76 poseen una condición física baja, por lo que se concluye que más de la mitad de la población investigada no se encuentra en un estado físico post pandemia adecuado.
Efeito do uso de palmares na assimetria de força da braçada no nado crawl
Authors: Batista Ingrid Thaiane Soares , Gomes Lara Elena
Published: July 2023

Enquanto a assimetria de força na braçada no nado crawl poderia prejudicar o desempenho, o uso de palmares é sugerido para reduzir essa diferença de força. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a assimetria de força dos membros superiores em nadadores recreacionais com palmares de diferentes formas e áreas e sem a utilização do implemento. Oito nadadores recreacionais realizaram 2 tentativas máximas de 10 segundos de nado estacionário em cada situação experimental (com palmar pequeno côncavo, médio côncavo, médio plano e sem palmar) enquanto as suas ações foram gravadas com uma câmera. As forças máximas dos primeiros 5 ciclos foram determinadas para as braçadas forte e fraca e para os membros dominante e não-dominante. Por meio de estatística paramétrica, a repetibilidade da força máxima e do índice de simetria determinado a partir da dominância lateral foi constatada sem e com palmares, mas não foi observado efeito da área e da forma de palmares sobre a assimetria de força. Contudo, quando os resultados individuais foram analisados, a assimetria de força variou entre as condições diferentemente para os participantes. Portanto, a assimetria de força dos membros superiores pode ser avaliada com o teste de nado estacionário realizado sem e com palmar a partir da dominância lateral, o que também permite uma melhor análise do que a assimetria estimada a partir das braçadas forte e fraca. Logo, o uso de palmares pode diminuir a assimetria de força, mas a escolha do palmar deve ser conduzida individualmente.
Avaliação do conhecimento sobre a doença arterial coronariana e adesão terapêutica medicamentosa em reabilitação cardíaca
Authors: Santos Sabrina Souza dos , Souza Priscilla Costa de , Berni Viviane Bohrer , Guterres Jéssica Pippi , Santos Tamires Daros dos , Albuquerque Isabella Martins de
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar e determinar a relação entre conhecimento sobre a doença arterial coronariana (DAC) e a adesão terapêutica medicamentosa dos pacientes de um programa de reabilitação cardíaca (RC) (Fase II) de um hospital de ensino, público, de nível terciário da região central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul/ Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com avaliação dos seguintes desfechos: nível de conhecimento de coronarianos participantes de RC sobre a DAC (CADE-Q - Questionário para Educação do Paciente Coronariano) e adesão terapêutica (MMAS-8 - Escala de Adesão Terapêutica de oito itens de Morisky).Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva e inferencial, adotando-se p<0,05. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 42 pacientes (62,26±8,31 anos; 85,71% homens). Os indivíduos apresentaram um nível de conhecimento sobre a DAC classificado como “bom” - 41 (36-44) pontos, assim como uma mediana de adesão terapêutica de 7 (7-8) pontos na qual foi classificada como moderada adesão. Não houve diferença significativa entre nível de adesão e nível de conhecimento, assim como não foi observada correlação entre o conhecimento dos pacientes sobre DAC e adesão terapêutica medicamentosa. Conclusões: Concluiu-se que os pacientes participantes de um programa de RC, mesmo não sendo submetidos a um componente educacional formal, apresentaram um bom nível de conhecimento sobre a DAC e uma moderada adesão terapêutica. Os achados sinalizam a necessidade da implementação de políticas públicas que facilitem a oferta, encaminhamento e participação dos pacientes a programas multidisciplinares de RC, pautados, principalmente, na prática de educação em saúde.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: UYAR Ahmet
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı ortaokul öğrencilerinin eleştirel düşünme eğilimlerinin incelenmesidir. Tarama yöntemi kullanılan çalışmaya 614 ortaokul öğrencisi dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışmada Yıldırım Döner ve Sezgin (2022) tarafından geliştirilen “Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimi Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, max, min gibi tanımlayıcı istatistiklerin yanı sıra bağımsız örneklem T-testi ve ANOVA testi gibi çıkarımsal istatistikler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ortaokul öğrencilerinin eleştirel düşünme eğilim düzeylerinin yüksek düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır. Aylık geliri yüksek olan öğrencilerin eleştirel düşünme eğilimlerinin daha düşük gelire sahip öğrencilerinkine göre daha yüksek olduğu, genel not ortalaması yüksek olan öğrencilerin eleştirel düşünme eğilimlerinin düşük olan öğrencilerinkinden daha yüksek olduğu, babası üniversite mezunu olan öğrencilerin eleştirel düşünme eğilimlerinin babası ilkokul mezunu olan öğrencilerinkine göre daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğrencilerin eleştirel düşünme eğilim düzeylerinin cinsiyet, sınıf ve anne eğitim durumu değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık göstermediği belirlenmiştir.