bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shifting the paradigm for securing efficient management of exchange rate in Nigeria: A GARCH and BEKK-MGARCH analysis
Authors: Subair Kolawole
Published: May 2024

The influence of foreign exchange on all spheres of any economy is germane to determining its extent of development. Most developing countries have been subjected to managing the integrity of the exchange rate arising from their disadvantageous position in world trade. Nigeria is not an exemption either; this is due to its constant interventions in the foreign exchange market from time to time and by the policy of the existing government in power. However, the interventionist policy framework has been more harmful to Naira as the currency depreciates unabatedly. The pertinent question is whether monetary policy should be the only approach to effective exchange rate management or be combined with fiscal and income policies. Irrespective of the policy choice, the aim, target, and instrument must be complementary without unnecessary disruptions midway, as usually experienced in Nigeria. These inconsistencies have come to bear enormously on the country's exchange rate management. Rather than focusing on the impact of exchange rate volatility on industrial development that could warrant foreign exchange inflows, this paper considers industrialization as an approach to effectively managing exchange rates in Nigeria. This analysis employs a univariate GARCH and BEKK-MGARCH model, using high-frequency monthly time series data from 2000 to 2019, to examine the volatility transmission between the foreign exchange market and the industrial sector. The model estimation uses the Conditional Maximum Likelihood Technique (CMLT). It was discovered that industrial development positively influenced the official market exchange rate compared to the parallel market exchange rate, reducing its volatility. The study thus suggests the vigorous pursuit of foreign exchange earnings and usage policy by earning entities, floating Diaspora bonds, enhancing and encouraging remittances and repatriation of illicit financial outflows to enhance industrialization. This will discourage arbitraging, increasing foreign exchange inflows and stabilizing the economy.
The effect of economic growth and poverty on stunting in Indonesia
Authors: Jumhur Jumhur
Published: May 2024

Stunting is a critical issue affecting children under five years old, characterized by inadequate growth due to chronic malnutrition and recurrent infections, especially during the crucial first 1,000 days of life (from age 0 to 23 months). Stunting impacts not only height but also vital functions such as brain development and the immune system, potentially leading to decreased intelligence levels and increased susceptibility to diseases later in life. This study examines the impact of the growth of the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors and the level of rural poverty on stunting in Indonesia. This research, which covers time series data from 2015-2020 across 32 provinces in Indonesia, employs a panel data regression model analysis method. The findings indicate that primary sector GRDP growth has a positive effect, whereas secondary sector GRDP negatively impacts stunting. However, the tertiary sector GRDP and rural poverty do not significantly affect stunting rates in Indonesia.
The Effect of Work Overload, Organizational Commitment, and Development Career on Employee Turnover Intention
Authors: Marsyah Ira , Widigdo Aslam Mei Nur
Published: May 2024

This study's goal is to ascertain and examine the impact of work overload, organizational commitment, and career development on turnover intention, using all PT Sarana Global employees as the objects. This study employed 35 respondents and a causal model in a quantitative manner. Multiple linear regression statistical analysis was also used in this study, and the data were processed using IBM SPSS 25. This study comes to the conclusion that job overload is the reason for the positive influence, which also significantly affects the intention to leave. In the meantime, organizational commitment has a major detrimental impact on turnover intentions. Aside from that, turnover intention is unaffected by career development.
The Influence of Employee Competency, Work Environment, and Work Discipline on Employee Perfomance
Authors: Rahmawati Heni , Mardiana Tri
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of Employee Competency, Work Environment, Work Discipline on Employee Perfomance PT Bima Multifinance Yogyakarta. The data collection technique used is the census technique or saturated sampling using a questionnaire. The Data analysis techniques through classical assumption tests and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 25. This research is a casual associative research using a quantitative approach. The population in this study were all employees at the PT Bima Multifinance Yogyakarta. The number of samples used in this study were 62 respondents. The results of this study reveal that employee competency, work environment, and work discipline have a joint effect on employee performance at the PT Bima Multifinance Yogyakarta, and Work discipline the most dominant influence on employee performance.
The Behavioral Finance of MSMEs: Financial Inclusion and Financial Technology
Authors: Huda Nurrizal , Risman Asep
Published: May 2024

This project is to gather empirical data on the topic to gain a better understanding of how financial technology, or Fintech, affects the financial behavior of micro, small, and medium-sized firms (MSMEs). 110 MSMEs spread over West Jakarta made up the sample in 2023. As part of the data gathering method, a random sample questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale was created using the online tool Google Forms. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model was applied to the data using Partial Least Squares (PLS) software. The results of the study show that financial inclusion and financial technology (Fintech) have a positive influence on MSMEs' financial behavior. Financial technology, or Fintech, may function as a mediator and positively influence MSMEs' financial behavior by promoting broader financial inclusion. This information will be useful to financial institutions, relevant governments, entrepreneurs, and business support organizations that aim to improve the financial behavior and practices of MSMEs. The significance of programs intended to promote good financial conduct, expand financial inclusion, and educate the public about the advantages of fintech in order to enable MSMEs to adopt more responsible financial practices.
AN OVERVIEW OF EXISTING LITERATURE ON DOCUMENT SKEW DETECTION
Authors: (Corresponding Author) BARUN BISWAS , BHATTACHARYA UJJWAL , CHAUDHURI BIDYUT B
Published: May 2024

This article presents somewhat detail discussions on document image skew detection methods available in the existing literature. We first categorise the document images into several types and then we discuss different methods available to detect the skew angle of document images belonging to the individual categories. Various methods of document image skew detection include Hough Transform, Principal Components Analysis, Projection Profile based methods, Nearest Neighbor clustering, Connected Component Analysis, Cross Correlation, Radon Transform etc. Discussions on different standard databases of document image samples that have been used by the authors for experimentation purpose are included in the survey. These databases include NIST Federal Register Document Image Database, UW-I, UW-II, UW-III databases, ICDAR DISEC 2013 database, IFN/ENIT database etc. Here, we consider about eight such standard databases. Moreover, we compare different methods with respect to their accuracy and the respective range of skew angles detected by the concerned methods.
Development of a Biomimetic Human Airway Epithelial Barrier-on-a-chip and Ex Vivo Human Airway Model: Tools for Evaluating Silica PM 2.5 Particle Exposure
Authors: Goksel Ozlem , Sipahi Meryem Irem , Yanasik Sena , Saglam-Metiner Pelin , Benzer Sema , Sabour-Takanlou Leila , Sabour-Takanlou Maryam , Biray-Avci Cigir , Yesil-Celiktas Ozlem
Published: May 2024

Background and objective Exposure to inorganic dust and
particulate matter (PM) disrupts the integrity and function of the
airway epithelial barrier (AEB). Herein, the immune response and
epithelial barrier integrity disruption effect of respirable ex vivo
airway tissue models. Methods Particles at an average size of 1
µm, referred to as ex vivo. Computational fluid dynamics simulations
were performed to assess shear stress profiles under different flow
conditions. WST-1, LDH, SEM, ELISA, IF and qRT-PCR analyses were carried
out to evaluate cell survivability, morphology, barrier integrity and
inflammation. Results In AEB-on-a-chip platform, the exposure
to PM2.5 dusts disrupted AEB integrity via decreasing cell
adhesion-barrier markers such as ZO-1, Vinculin, ACE2 and
CD31, impaired cell viability and increased the expression levels
of proinflammatory markers; IFNs, IL-6, IL-1s, TNF-α, CD68, CD80,
and Inos, mostly under dynamic conditions. Besides, decreased
tissue viability, impaired tissue integrity via decreasing of
Vinculin, ACE2, β-catenin and E-cadherin, and also
proinflammatory response with elevated CD68, IL-1α , IL-6,
IFN-Ɣ, Inos and CD80 markers, were observed after PM2.5
dust exposure in ex vivo tissue. Conclusion The
disruption of the barrier integrity and subacute immune response upon
silica PM2.5 exposures is nicely demonstrated by both AEB-on-a-chip
platform emulating dynamic forces in the body and resident immune cells
containing ex vivo bronchial biopsy slices. Airborne dust
pollutants pose a significant future respiratory hazard for human
airways under climate change conditions and Lung-on-a-Chip Models will
serve as reliable substitutes in this context.
Novel technique of laparoscopic mid-urethral autologous rectus fascial sling for stress urinary incontinence.
Authors: FAYYAD Abdalla M , HASAN Moath R
Published: May 2024

Serious concerns have been raised over safety of vaginal mesh tapes for
stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Autologous rectus fascial sling and
the more recent “sling on a string” through a laparotomy are gaining
popularity as native tissue options for SUI. We describe a novel
technique of laparoscopic mid-urethral autologous rectus fascial sling
for SUI. Ten patients underwent this new technique safely. At six
months, all subjects reported cure of SUI with normal voiding. The
advantages of this technique include the minimal access approach,
introduction of the sutures under laparoscopic guidance, and avoidance
of over tightening of the sling.
Demonstration of a simple and efficient design methodology for high-voltage floating field limiting ring in SiC power devices
Authors: Bingke Zhang , Yi Bo , Zhou Hang , Ge Huan , Jin Rui , Zhu Tao
Published: May 2024

In this letter, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a simple and
efficient design method for high-voltage Floating Field Ring (FFR).
Three floating FFRs is firstly used to determine the influence of rings’
distance (d) on the voltage drops of the highest voltage to second ring
(Vn+1) and the second to the first ring (Vn). Then, two voltage curves
(curve for Vn+1 and Vn) based on d are drawn. Then, for a target
breakdown voltage, by iteration between the curves for Vn+1 and Vn,
number of FFRs and corresponding distances can be found. Based on this
method, an 8.0 kV PN diode with 110 FFRs is designed and fabricated. The
measured breakdown voltage is 7840 V, which reaches 93% of the designed
value. This method provides a simple and efficient design for
high-voltage SiC devices, especially for ultra-high voltage applications
where the number of rings exceeds dozens.
Lagrangian Eddy Trapping Fosters Chlorophyll Hot Spots in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Authors: Jones-Kellett Alexandra E. , Follows Michael J
Published: May 2024

Vertical motions associated with mesoscale ocean eddies modulate
the light and nutrient environment, stimulating phytoplankton biomass
and chlorophyll anomalies. Populations within eddies may be trapped by
the horizontal circulation or laterally diluted by mixing with
surrounding waters. Conventionally, eddy boundaries are determined using
Eulerian methods from daily satellite sea level anomaly fields. However,
Eulerian methods do not delineate the bounds of trapped water masses,
which is an important consideration when interpreting eddy-induced
changes in chlorophyll concentration. Integrated Lagrangian particle
tracking methods, on the other hand, more accurately identify coherent
structure boundaries that trap fluid masses for time scales relevant to
phytoplankton bloom evolution. From two decades of remote sensing
observations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, we compared
coincident Eulerian and Lagrangian eddy atlases to assess the impact of
eddy trapping on chlorophyll concentration. We found more positive
chlorophyll anomalies within Lagrangian coherent vortices than in
Eulerian eddy boundaries and outside-eddy waters. Yet, there are
striking differences seasonally and regionally within the gyre.
Chlorophyll is most enriched within coherent boundaries of the Hawaiian
Lee eddies and in the region southeast of the Islands in fall and
winter. Our results suggest that typical Eulerian analyses underestimate
the role of mesoscale eddies in enhancing chlorophyll by not accounting
for lateral mixing. Consequently, quantifying the contribution of
mesoscale eddies toward open ocean primary production is more complex
than previously assumed.
The Practice of Enterprise Risk Management and Sustainable Performance in Jordan
Authors: Abdaljabar Wafa Mohammad , Zakuan Norhayati , Mat Saman Muhamad Zameri , Setapa Mariam
Published: May 2024

The primary objective of any organization is to minimize risks and losses while optimizing values, revenues and returns. Therefore, risk management, which is often referred to as risk identification, likelihood of occurrence, and impact on the business, is essential. Recent corporate catastrophes have brought to light how inadequately corporations handle risks. In reaction to these challenges, organizations have shifted from separate and personalized procedures to a more comprehensive and integrated enterprise risk management (ERM) perspective in their risk management strategies. To address these new global sustainable challenges which include hunger, poverty, high unemployment, climate change, and related issues, businesses should place a strong priority on environmental preservation and social responsibility. Jordan is one of the countries dealing with several issues related to sustainability. The sustainable performance of Jordanian firms deserves further attention. Managers in Jordanian industrial businesses must keep a close eye on how the company's environmental environment is being improved to reduce air pollution, the usage of hazardous materials, and other difficulties. Therefore, companies in Jordan must adopt strategies that will allow them to face this issue to improve their social, environmental, and economic performance. Jordan's manufacturing and service industries should be at the forefront of a comprehensive approach to risk management and board monitoring, given the growing concerns regarding the environment, society, and economy. Since ERM is a relatively new concept, its implementation in Jordanian industrial and service companies is still in its early stages. Moreover, there is a lack of comprehensive research regarding the ERM in Jordan.
FePARM: The Frequency-Patterned Associative Rule Mining Framework on Consumer Purchasing-Pattern for Online Shops
Authors:   1Department of Computer Science, University of Delta, Agbor, Nigeria 2Department of Cyber Security, University of Delta, Agbor, Nigeria  3Department of Computer Science, Dennis Osadebay University, Anwai-Asaba, Nigeria 4Department of Computer Science, Dennis Osadebay University, Anwai-Asaba, Nigeria 5 Dept of Computer Science, Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun, Nigeria 6 Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun, Nigeria, Malasowe Bridget Ogheneovo , Okpako Ejaita Abugor , Ashioba , Nwanze Chukwudi , Ejeh Patrick Ogholuwarami , Ojugo Arnold Adimabua , Ako Rita Erhovwo
Published: May 2024

Transaction data often is a true presentation of consumers’ buying behavior, stored as a set of relational records, which properly harnessed via mining – can help businesses improve their sales volume as a decision support system. Managing such a system can pose many issues to biz such as feature evolution, concept evolution, concept drift, and infinite data length – and often makes it impractical to effectively store such big-data. To curb this, previous studies have assumed data to be stationary in using associative rule mining. This has deprived such systems of the flexibility and adaptiveness required to handle the dynamics of concept drift that characterizes transaction datasets. Our study thus proposes a basket frequent pattern growth trained associative rule mining model to handle large data. The dataset was retrieved from the Delta-Mall Asaba and consists of 556,000 transaction consumer records. The model consists of six-layers, and yields the best result with a 0.1 value for both the confidence and support level(s) at a 94% accuracy, sensitivity of 87%, and a specificity of 32% with a 20-second convergence and processing time. Keywords: Big-Data Analysis, Feature Evolution, Inventory Model, Market Basket Analysis, Businesses, Transactional Data Streams, Concept Drift CISDI Journal Reference Format Malasowe, B.O., Okpako, E.A., Ashioba, N.O., Ejeh, P.O., Ojugo, A.A. & Ako, R.E. (2024): FePARM: The Frequency-Patterned Associative Rule Mining Framework on Consumer Purchasing-Pattern for Online Shops. Computing, Information Systems, Development Informatics & Allied Research Journal. Vol 15 No 2, Pp 1-14. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/CISDI/V15N2P2. Available online at www.isteams.net/cisdijournal
The strength of complex compressed reinforced concrete structures utilising hollow concrete blocks
Authors: Griniov Vadim
Published: May 2024

Structures in which elements from different materials work together are successfully used in various combinations. Recently, new, effective construction materials and products have appeared. In complex or multi-component structures, elements made of materials with different physico-chemical or strain-strength characteristics should be sensibly combined for joint work. The more fully the properties of the components’ materials are utilised, the more efficient the design itself is. By analysing global practice, it can be seen that small concrete blocks have become widespread. The use of masonry made of hollow concrete blocks in modern construction differs from traditional ones in that the void area (up to 70%) makes it possible to create complex high-strength load-bearing structures by filling them with monolithic reinforced concrete. This also enables speeding up the construction process itself and reducing the cost of work on the construction site. The purpose of the study was to examine the strength of centrally compressed columns composed of hollow blocks and concrete filling with different transverse and longitudinal reinforcements, as well as to improve their calculation methodology. Experimental studies of centrally compressed columns, with different percentages of reinforcement using hollow concrete blocks as permanent formwork, have been carried out. The article presents the results of the research on strength, but the results of the strain studies were not included in this work. The proposed method of calculating complex constructions can be applied in design practice. A good correlation was observed between the experimental results and the results of the analytical model.
Visualisation in architecture – opportunities and threats
Authors: Glinko Grzegorz
Published: May 2024

Development of computer technology, computing power of graphics cards and processors allows, with the use of appropriate software, to create extremely realistic three-dimensional images. The effects of generated visualisations can be difficult to distinguish from real photos of objects. Architects often verify the fulfilment of design goals based on a rendered digital image. Unfortunately, designers are often not fully aware of the limitations and simplifications of the tools used to create visualisations. An uncritical approach to the presented results may lead to design errors. This article presents the possibilities of visualisation in selected computer programs used by architects and cases in which correct visualisation is possible only with the use of specialised software. The article pays special attention to the possibility of errors in the visualisation of architectural lighting.
Pathological complete response after primary tumor surgery following chemoimmunotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery of initially metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Markovic Filip , Nikolic Nikola , Colic Nikola , Savic Milan , Stjepanovic Mihailo
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Surgery of the primary tumor following extended course of chemoimmunotherapy has only recently been recognized as a feasible and safe option for selected groups of patients with initially unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. Case outline. Here we report a case of a 49-year-old female patient, who never smoked, that was diagnosed with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Lesions were evident in both lungs and the brain. She underwent stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases and combination therapy of chemotherapy, atezolizumab and bevacizumab. Response to therapy was both remarkable and durable. Ten cycles into treatment, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed no metastatic lesions. Positron emission tomography / computed tomography revealed a single lesion in the right upper lobe 22 ? 23 mm in diameter. The patient underwent a right upper lobectomy. Pathohistological evaluation of the specimen revealed complete pathologic response. The patient recovered from surgery and continued chemoimmunotherapy. Four months post-surgery she is disease free and of excellent performance status. Conclusion. Primary tumor surgery following extensive chemoimmunotherapy regiment is feasible and could be considered as a treatment option. Further research is warranted to define a patient population that stands to benefit the most from this modality.
MILLENNIALS INVESTMENT DECISION ON INDONESIA GOVERNMENT SUKUK: AN ANALYSIS USING BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS
Authors: Hassandi Irfan
Published: May 2024

Sharia products are well-developed in the Indonesian market. The growth of Sharia products in Indonesia caused not only the benefits but also the growth of the population in Indonesia, especially the Muslim population. One of the Sharia products published by the Indonesian government is Sukuk. The government uses Sukuk to fund its expenditures, such as infrastructure. Indonesia's population pyramid determines that the dominant population in Indonesia is between 20-40 years old and classified as millennials. With psychological factor analysis, this research has purposed to measure what psychological value determines millennials' investment decisions in Government Sukuk products. The results show that variables that have a significant relationship with investment decisions are trait anger, overconfidence, and self-monitoring.
Keywords: Government Sukuk; Investor Decision Analysis; Millennials; Behavioural Factors
Abstrak
Produk syariah berkembang dengan baik di pasar Indonesia. Pertumbuhan produk syariah di Indonesia tidak hanya disebabkan oleh manfaat yang ditawarkan, namun juga pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk di Indonesia, khususnya populasi umat Islam. Salah satu produk syariah yang diterbitkan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia adalah Sukuk. Sukuk digunakan oleh pemerintah untuk mendanai pengeluaran mereka seperti infrastruktur. Piramida penduduk Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa dominasi penduduk di Indonesia adalah kelompok umur antara 20-40 tahun yang tergolong generasi milenial. Dengan analisis faktor psikologis, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur faktor psikologis yang menentukan keputusan investasi generasi milenial pada produk Sukuk Negara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel yang mempunyai hubungan signifikan terhadap keputusan investasi adalah trait anger, overconfidence, dan self-monitoring.
Kata Kunci : Sukuk Negara, Analisis Keputusan Investasi, Millenial, Faktor Perilaku
The Effect of Fly Ash Substitution in 3 Brands of PCC Cement on The Compressive Strength f Concrete
Authors: Aliansyah Zulfikar Jati , Firdaus Firdaus
Published: May 2024

Fly ash, a by-product of coal combustion in thermal power plants is utilized as a substitute for Portland Cement in concrete due to its pozzolanic properties. Mainly, class F fly ash—produced from the combustion of anthracite coal at approximately 1560˚C (according to SK SNI S15-1990-F)—contains less than 10% lime (CaO) and exhibits significant pozzolanic or filler properties. This research investigates the impact of varying fly ash proportions (0%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) on the compressive strength of concrete. The experimental setup included 108 cylindrical test specimens (10 cm in diameter and 20 cm in height), representing different brands of cement and fly ash mixtures, tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. The study was conducted at PT. Waskita Beton Precast Plant in Sadang, Purwakarta, West Java, targeting a concrete compressive strength of 40 MPa. Results indicate that at 0% fly ash, the compressive strength using Garuda Cement reached 76.66 MPa after 28 days. However, this strength decreased with increasing fly ash content, measuring 72.35 MPa, 69.07 MPa, and 68.13 MPa for 10%, 15%, and 20% fly ash, respectively. These findings highlight the influence of fly ash content on the structural integrity of concrete, suggesting a potential trade-off between sustainability and mechanical performance. Keyword:  Fly Ash, Compressive Strength of Concrete, Portland Cement
Model For Measuring The Level Of OHS Maturity Based On The Level Of Job Satisfaction
Authors: Nasrulloh Nasrulloh , Purnomo Hari
Published: May 2024

In the current electricity development project, the understanding of OSH does not seem to be fully implemented. One indication that the knowledge of OSH has not been fully implemented is that workers are still unaware of the hazards associated with their work. Based on these issues, the question is whether intrinsic factors (motivation) and extrinsic factors (hygiene) influence job satisfaction and worker performance in achieving zero accidents. This research will focus on how the measurement model can influence the OHS maturity level and what design strategies will be used to improve the OHS maturity level performance. This research aims to obtain a measurement model that can influence the OHS Maturity Level and provide a design strategy used to improve the OHS Maturity Level. The author uses quantitative methods and collects data from 516 PT PLN (Persero) UIP Nusa Tenggara Working Partners correspondents. Data testing methods include the measurement model test, structural equation model test, model accuracy test (goodness of fit), and hypothesis test. The results showed that job satisfaction variables, directly and indirectly, affect K3 Maturity Level performance. Therefore, a programme design is needed to maintain the K3 Maturity Level performance results and increase the value of the current K3 Maturity Level performance results. Policy-based programmes and communication-based programmes are the programme designs. These two programs aim to maintain and improve the value of the OHS Maturity Level performance. Keywords:hygiene factors, motivational factors, job satisfaction, OHS maturity level performance
INTERMASTOID DISTANCE OF THE HUMAN SKULL: PATTERNS OF INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY
Authors: Koltsova Larisa , Stepanenko Oleksandr
Published: May 2024

Sexual dimorphism of the mastoid processes of the temporal bones, namely their linear dimensions, size and shape, and the distance between them, are used in research aimed at determining the gender of the skulls. The distance between the mastoid processes is measured either as intermastoidale distance, or as the intermastoid lateral surface distance, IMLSD. Both indicators aﬀ ect the determination of the sex of skulls better than linear dimensions. At the same time, in previous studies of gender diﬀ erences in the intermastoid distance, the relationships between intermastoid distance and morphometric indicators characterizing the size of the skull were not taken into account. The purpose of the study: to establish the patterns of individual variability of the intermastoid lateral surface distance, namely, its relationship with the variability of the width of the skull base, the distance between asterions and the width of the cerebral cranium (transverse diameter of the skull). The study was conducted on 50 skulls (33 male and 17 female) from the craniological collection of the Department of Human Anatomy of KhNM U.It was established that the intermastoid lateral surface distance in men is signiﬁ cantly greater than in women (M±: 127,4±5,6 and 118,5±3,5, respectively; p<0,05). This is explained by the larger size of the male skull compared to the female one and the peculiarities of the somatotypes of male and female organisms. In men, there are statistical relationships between the intermastoid lateral surface distance, on the one hand, and the width of the skull base (y=0.6x+56.5; r=0.6), the distance between asterions (y=0.5x+67.3; r=0.6), the transverse diameter of the skull (y=0.4x+72.3; r=0.4), on the other hand, are noticeable and statistically signiﬁ cant (p<0.05), while in women they are much smaller (respectively, y=0.3x+87.6; r=0.3; y=0.3x+84.9; r=0.2; p<0.05; and y=0.4x+61.6; r=0.3, p>0.05). The shape of the skull does not aﬀ ect the distance between the mastoid processes, both in men and in women.
TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE MORPHO-FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN THE COMPONENTS OF THE TRIANGLE OF CALLO IN ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE FEATURES OF THE LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors: Grodetskii Valentyn , Fundiur Volodymyr , Iftodii Andrii , Yakobchuk Svitlana , Khomko Oleh , Broska Petro , Fundiur Oleksandr
Published: May 2024

At the acute cholecystitis of loud speaker of inﬂ ammatory process in a hepatobiliary one quickly acquires the dangerous display of the inﬁ ltration-used for setting ﬁ re character. Such changes in the zone of triangle of Callot’s predetermine the increase of risk of sub- and postoperative complications.Research aim: to learn the features of inﬂ uence of anatomic changes in the zone of triangle of Callot’s at a sharp destructive cholecystitis and to deﬁ ne the optimal list of operative- technic’s assures at implementation of cholecystectomy.Material and methods. From 2018 to 2023, in the surgical department of the Storozhynets Multidisciplinary Hospital for Intensive Care studied 89 (100 %) patients who were operated on for acute cholecystitis.Resalts. In the course of treatment and examination, the inﬂ uence of the inﬂ ammatory process in acute cholecystitis on the nature of anatomical changes in the area of the Callot’s triangle was studied. In order to avoid suboperative complications during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 18 step-by-step operational and technical measures were identiﬁ ed, which served as criteria for the safe performance of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis. It was established that the optimal variant of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for chronic cholecystitis according to the method of Stephen Strasberg (1992), Gary G. Wind (1999), in case of destructive changes in the area of the Callot’s triangle, is inferior to the «elephant trunk» method, which is more practical in such circumstances.Conclusion. Suboperative consideration of the step-by-step implementation of certain tactical and therapeutic measures made it possible to avoid postoperative complications in all operated patients 89 (100 %). Observance of such techniques during laparoscopic cholecystectomy creates conditions for its eﬀ ective implementation, both in chronic and acute cholecystitis.
FRACTAL ANALYSIS OF BRANCHING OF HUMAN CEREBELLAR ARTERIES
Authors: Kalinichenko Mykhailo , Stepanenko Oleksandr
Published: May 2024

Human cerebellum is supplied by three arteries: the superior surface is nourished by the superior cerebellar artery (SCA), while the inferior surface is supplied by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). Traditionally, the branching pattern of the superﬁ cial vascular network is subjectively assessed, distinguishing between the trunk, lose or mixed types. Fractal analysis is an objective alternative method.The aim of this study is to investigate the fractal dimension of branching complexity of superﬁ cial arteries in the human cerebellum and to establish the relationship between the magnitude of the fractal index and the shape of the cerebellum.Material and Methods. A total of 100 cerebellum samples, including the brainstem, were examined. The width, length, and height of the cerebellum were measured. Parameters of cerebellar shape, namely relative width (rW), relative length (rL), and relative height (rH), were determined as the ratios of the square of one linear dimension to the product of the other two. For fractal analysis, 15 cerebellar samples of various shapes (9 from male and 6 from female individuals) were selected. Fractal analysis of digital images of the superior and inferior surfaces of the cerebellum was performed bilaterally using the box-counting method.Results. The range of fractal index values was determined, and intervals corresponding to the mixed (1.54-1.73), trunk (<1.54) and loose (>1.73) branching types were identiﬁ ed. The superior surface predominantly exhibited trunk or mixed branching types, whereas the inferior surface was more characteristic of mixed or loose branching types. The greatest diversity of arterial branching patterns – from the trunk to lose type – is observed in the most numerous group – cerebella of proportional shape, regardless of which shape parameter is analyzed. The branching pattern of superﬁ cial cerebellar arteries tends towards a loose type in relatively narrow and relatively short cerebella, and conversely towards a trunk type in relatively wide and relatively long cerebella. Conversely, relative height has an opposite eﬀ ect: the branching pattern of superﬁ cial cerebellar arteries tends towards a loose type as the relative height of the cerebellum increases. Thus, relatively low cerebella typically exhibit a trunk branching pattern (more noticeable on the superior surface), while in relatively high cerebella, the branching pattern tends towards loose (more noticeable on the inferior surface).
CHARACTERISTICS OF INTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCT IN HUMANS AND MAMMALS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF NUTRITION
Authors: Dubinin Dmytro , Shepitko Volodymyr
Published: May 2024

Bile acids are the main component of the content of the bile ducts and ensure the rate of water entry into the bile ducts, and therefore the rate of primary bile formation. Regulation of the ﬂ ow of bile acids into the ducts through the appropriate transport systems is responsible for the intensity of bile secretion. These regulators are mainly bile acids themselves, which can modulate the function of bile acid transporters by two main mechanisms. Acute changes in the functional activity of membrane bile acid transporters occur mainly through post-transcriptional mechanisms, while chronic adaptive responses are realized by regulating their transcription.The aim of the study was to investigate the structural organization of intrahepatic bile ducts in humans and mammals in relation to the type of diet.Material and methods. The studies were conducted on the livers of a pig, a fox, a sheep, which were selected from the same breed, aged 1 year, and humans aged 50-60 years. The walls of intrahepatic bile ducts were studied. Paraﬃ n blocks were made according to the generally accepted method. Hematoxylin- eosin staining was used. Microphotography was performed with a Micromed XS-5510 microscope using a DCM 900 microphotomount. Processing of the obtained photos was performed using the TSView program. Processing of the obtained morphometric parameters was carried out according to the generally accepted rules of variation statistics. Using Microsoft Excel 2019 software based on the Windows 10 cooperative system. The results are presented as the mean value of the trait (M) and standard deviation (SD) for each sample or as a percentage increase compared to the control. The nonparametric Mann- Whitney test was used to determine the statistical signiﬁ cance of intergroup diﬀ erences, which was considered statistically signiﬁ cant at P<0.05.Results. In the study of histological specimens, we found that the mucous membrane of the intrahepatic bile ducts diﬀ ers depending on the type of meal. The results showed that mammals with a carnivorous and herbivorous meal had a more complex structure of the inner lining of the bile ducts compared to omnivorous mammals and humans. Thus, the revealed structural diﬀ erences in the bile ducts of humans and mammals, in our opinion, indicate an adaptive restructuring and functioning of epithelial cells, which were caused by species- speciﬁ c features of the diet.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR E-LKPD BERBANTUAN SIGIL PADA MATA PELAJARAN AKUNTANSI LEMBAGA/INSTANSI PEMERINTAH DI SMK NEGERI 2 BUDURAN
Authors: Iswianti Idha Rahma , Pratiwi Vivi
Published: May 2024

Teaching materials in the Independent Curriculum require interesting innovations and utilize technology, information and digital forms of communication in the process of teaching and learning activities. This research aims to develop E-LKPD and analyze the feasibility and response of students to the Sigil-Assisted E-LKPD in Accounting Subjects for Government Institutions/Agencies at SMK Negeri 2 Buduran which has been developed. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) using the Thiagarajan 4-D development model which consists of 4 stages including the definition stage, design, development, and dissemination. The research subjects were 20 students of class XI AKL at SMK Negeri 2 Buduran Sidoarjo. Data collection techniques use study sheets, validation sheets, and student response questionnaires. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively using the percentage technique. The results of this research indicate that the feasibility of e-LKPD assisted by Sigil is very feasible with an average percentage of 94.2% including assessment of the components of content aspects, presentation aspects, linguistic aspects and graphic aspects. The students' response to e-LKPD assisted by Sigil was very understanding with an average percentage of 99%. It can be concluded that the Sigil-assisted E-LKPD in the Government Institution/Agency Accounting Subject at SMK Negeri 2 Buduran is very suitable for use as teaching material.
Analisis potensi dan pengembangan Situ Cipanten berbasis ekowisata di Kabupaten Majalengka
Authors: Arumsari Arumsari , Cahyanto Tri
Published: May 2024

Situ Cipanten adalah salah satu obyek wisata danau alami yang dikelilingi oleh hutan, terletak di Kabupaten Majalengka. Objek wisata ini memiliki daya tarik berupa mata air yang jernih, keanekaragaman hayati baik flora maupun fauna, serta kawasan yang masih alami. Situ Cipanten berpotensi menjadi kawasan ekowisata dengan daya tarik dan atraksi di dalamnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi ekowisata dan merumuskan strategi pengembangan objek wisata Situ Cipanten sebagai ekowisata di Kabupaten Majalengka. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan menganalisis gambaran berdasarkan kondisi fakta di lapangan. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan cara pengisian kuisioner dan wawancara. Parameter yang diukur dalam pengambilan data adalah atraksi, amenitas, aksesibilitas dan keterlibatan masyarakat. Data dianalisis melalui analisis SWOT untuk menentukan strategi pengembangan ekowisata Situ Cipanten. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa Situ Cipanten memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan ekowisata dengan melihat potensi daya tarik serta unsur aksesiblitas, amenitas, dan atraksi berada dalam kondisi cukup baik serta terdapat keterlibatan masyarakat. Hasil analisis SWOT strategi prioritas yaitu menyusun strategi operasional pengembangan dengan berbagai atraksi, tetap menonjolkan unsur pendidikan konservasi serta peningkatan ekonomi bagi masyarakat setempat dan pembanguan forum kegiatan pengelolaan.
Optimization model of monthly continuous bidding transaction in electricity market considering risk hedging
Authors: Li Genzhu , Zhang Xiaotong , Wang Hanfu , Le Qin , Wang Jun , Liu Dunnan
Published: May 2024

In order to further alleviate the problems of large assessment deviations, low efficiency of trading organisation and difficulties in system optimisation in medium- and long-term market trading, the article proposes an optimisation model for continuous intra-month bidding trading in the electricity market that takes into account risk hedging. Firstly, the current situation of market players’ participation in medium and long-term trading is analysed; secondly, the impact of contract trading on reducing operational risks is analysed based on the application of hedging theory in the primary and secondary markets; finally, the continuous bidding trading mechanism is designed and its optimisation effect is verified. The proposed model helps to improve the efficiency of contract trading in the secondary market, maintain the stability of market players’ returns and accelerate the formation of a unified, open, competitive and well-governed electricity market system.
Soret and Dufour effects on an unsteady MHD flow about a permeable rotating vertical cone with variable fluid properties
Authors: Jamira Temjennaro , Konwara Hemanta
Published: May 2024

The objective of the present work is to examine the characteristics of unsteady incompressible magnetohydrodynamic fluid flow around a permeable rotating vertical cone. The effects of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and the Soret and Dufour effects are investigated in the analysis of heat and mass transfer. The viscosity of the fluid is considered inversely proportional to the temperature, and the thermal conductivity of the fluid is considered directly proportional to the temper-ature. The governing equations are converted into ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations, which are then solved numerically using bvp4c from MATLAB. Results obtained in this study are in excellent correlation with previously conducted studies. The results demonstrate that the Dufour and Soret effects subsequently reduce the heat transit rate (by –3.3%) and mass transit rate (by –1.2%) of the system. It is also detected that fluids with higher viscosity tend to increase tangential skin friction (+8.9%) and azimuthal skin friction (+8.3%). The heat transit rate of the system is found to be more efficient for fluids with higher viscosity and lower thermal conductivity and Eckert numbers. Further-more, the thickness of the momentum, thermal, and concentration boundary layers significantly reduces while the heat and mass transit rates (+17.8% and +18.3%, respectively) of the system become more efficient for greater values of the un-steadiness parameter.
Numerical study on effect of operating pressures on CRKEC-based two-stage ejector
Authors: Kumar Virendra , Yadavb Surendra Kumar , Kumar Anil , Singha Nishant Kumar , Prasad Lalta
Published: May 2024

The two-stage ejector mixing-diffuser section in this study was computed using the Redlich-Kwong equation of state. The ejector was designed based on the constant rate of kinetic energy change (CRKEC) approach. The water vapor mixing diffuser profile and flow properties were calculated using a one-dimensional gas dynamic model. For the numerical investigation, the estimated geometrical profile based on the input design and operating conditions was utilized. ANSYS-Fluent 14.0 was em-ployed for the numerical study. The analysis was conducted under both on-design and off-design scenarios using the standard k-ε turbulence model. The impact of operating factors on flow behavior and entrainment ratios was investigated at off-design conditions. The findings demonstrated that the operational total pressures of the primary, secondary, and exit flows are a function of the two-stage ejector (TSE) entrainment ratio. With a higher exit pressure and more secondary/entrained flows, the entrain-ment ratio increases. However, altering the primary flow pressure in ways other than for the design conditions reduces the entrainment ratio.
The Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Plus an Adjuvant against Helicoverpa zea and Chrysodeixis includens in Aboveground Applications
Authors: Zhang Minling , Spaulding Nathan , Reddy Gadi V.P. , Shapiro-Ilan David I
Published: May 2024

In the southern United States, corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) are economically important crop pests. Although Bt crops initially provided effective control of target pests such as H. zea, many insect pests have developed resistance to these Bt crops. Alternative approaches are needed, including biological control agents such as entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). However, the effectiveness of EPNs for aboveground applications can be limited due to issues such as desiccation and ultraviolet radiation. Effective adjuvants are needed to overcome these problems. Ten strains of EPNs were tested for virulence against eggs, first to fourth instars, fifth instars, and pupae of H. zea and C. includens in the laboratory. These 10 EPN strains were Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (HP88 and VS strains), H. floridensis (K22 strain), Hgkesha (Kesha strain), Steinernema carpocapsae (All and Cxrd strains), S. feltiae (SN strain), S. rarum (17c+e strain), and S. riobrave (355 and 7–12 strains). EPNs could infect eggs of H. zea or C. includens in the laboratory, but the infection was low. The mortality caused by 10 EPN strains in seven days was significantly higher for the first to fourth instars of H. zea compared to the control, as was the fifth instars of H. zea. Similarly, for the first to fourth and fifth instars of C. includens, the mortality was significantly higher compared to the controls, respectively. However, only S. riobrave (355) had significantly higher mortality than the control for the pupae of H. zea. For the pupae of C. includens, except for H. bacteriophora (HP88), S. rarum (17c+e), and H. floridensis (K22), the mortality of the other seven strains was significantly higher than the control. Subsequently, S. carpocapsae (All) and S. riobrave (7–12) were chosen for efficacy testing in the field with an adjuvant 0.066% Southern Ag Surfactant (SAg Surfactant).

In field experiments, the SAg Surfactant treatment significantly increased the mortality and EPN infection for S. carpocapsae (All) on first instars of H. zea in corn plant whorls. On soybean plants, with the SAg Surfactant, S. carpocapsae (All) was more effective than S. riobrave (7–12) on fifth instars of C. includens. This study indicates that EPNs can control H. zea and C. includens, and SAg Surfactant can enhance EPN efficacy.