bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Cambridge Introduction to William Faulkner
Authors: Towner Theresa M.
Published: June 2012

Nobel laureate William Faulkner is one of the most distinctive voices in American literature. Known for his opaque prose style and his evocative depictions of life in the American South, he is recognised as one of the most important authors of the twentieth century. This introductory book provides students and readers of Faulkner with a clear overview of the life and work of one of America's most prolific writers of fiction. His nineteen novels, including The Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying, Go Down, Moses and Absalom, Absalom! are discussed in detail, as are his major short stories and nonfiction. Focused on the works themselves, but also providing useful information about their critical reception, this introduction is an accessible guide to Faulkner's challenging and complex oeuvre.
The Conduct of Hostilities under the Law of International Armed Conflict
Authors: Dinstein Yoram
Published: June 2012

A companion volume to the author's seminal textbook War, Aggression and Self-Defence, Third Edition, Cambridge (2001), this book focuses on issues arising in the course of hostilities between States, with an emphasis on the most recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. The main themes considered by Yoram Dinstein are lawful and unlawful combatants, war crimes, including command responsibility and defences, prohibited weapons, the distinction between combatants and civilians, legitimate military objectives, and the protection of the environment and cultural property. Numerous specific topics that have attracted much interest in recent hostilities are addressed, such as human shields, feigned surrenders, collateral damage and proportionality, belligerent reprisals and weapons of mass destruction.
The Invisible Hand of Peace
Authors: McDonald Patrick J.
Published: June 2012

The Invisible Hand of Peace shows that the domestic institutions associated with capitalism, namely private property and competitive market structures, have promoted peace between states over the past two centuries. It employs a wide range of historical and statistical evidence to illustrate both the broad applicability of these claims and their capacity to generate new explanations of critical historical events, such as the emergence of the Anglo-American friendship at the end of the nineteenth century, the outbreak of World War I, and the evolution of the recent conflict across the Taiwan Strait. By showing that this capitalist peace has historically been stronger than the peace among democratic states, these findings also suggest that contemporary American foreign policy should be geared toward promoting economic liberalization rather than democracy in the post-9/11 world.
The Making of Polities
Authors: Watts John
Published: June 2012

This major survey of political life in late medieval Europe provides a framework for understanding the developments that shaped this turbulent period. Rather than emphasising crisis, decline, disorder or the birth of the modern state, this account centres on the mixed results of political and governmental growth across the continent. The age of the Hundred Years War, schism and revolt was also a time of rapid growth in jurisdiction, taxation and representation, of spreading literacy and evolving political technique. This mixture of state formation and political convulsion lay at the heart of the 'making of polities'. Offering a full introduction to political events and processes from the fourteenth century to the sixteenth, this book combines a broad, comparative account with discussion of individual regions and states, including eastern and northern Europe alongside the more familiar west and south.
The Market Revolution in America
Authors: Larson John Lauritz
Published: June 2012

The mass industrial democracy that is the modern United States bears little resemblance to the simple agrarian republic that gave it birth. The market revolution is the reason for this dramatic - and ironic - metamorphosis. The resulting tangled frameworks of democracy and capitalism still dominate the world as it responds to the panic of 2008. Early Americans experienced what we now call 'modernization'. The exhilaration - and pain - they endured have been repeated in nearly every part of the globe. Born of freedom and ambition, the market revolution in America fed on democracy and individualism even while it generated inequality, dependency, and unimagined wealth and power. In this book, John Lauritz Larson explores the lure of market capitalism and the beginnings of industrialization in the United States. His research combines an appreciation for enterprise and innovation with recognition of negative and unanticipated consequences of the transition to capitalism and relates economic change directly to American freedom and self-determination, links that remain entirely relevant today.
The Moral Foundations of Social Institutions
Authors: Miller Seumas
Published: June 2012

In this book, Seumas Miller examines the moral foundations of contemporary social institutions. Offering an original general theory of social institutions, he posits that all social institutions exist to realize various collective ends, indeed, to produce collective goods. He analyses key concepts such as collective responsibility and institutional corruption. Miller also provides distinctive special theories of particular institutions, including governments, welfare agencies, universities, police organizations, business corporations, and communications and information technology entities. These theories are philosophical and, thus, foundational and synoptic in character. They are normative accounts of a sampling of contemporary social institutions, not descriptive accounts of all social institutions, both past and present. Miller also addresses various ethical challenges confronting contemporary institutional designers and policymakers, including the renovation of the international financial system, the 'dumbing down' of the media, the challenge of world poverty, and human rights infringements by security agencies combating global terrorism.
The Politics of Uneven Development
Authors: Doner Richard F.
Published: June 2012

Why do some middle-income countries diversify their economies but fail to upgrade – to produce world-class products based on local inputs and technological capacities? Why have the 'little tigers' of Southeast Asia, such as Thailand, continued to lag behind the Newly Industrializing Countries of East Asia? Richard Doner goes beyond 'political will' by emphasizing institutional capacities and political pressures: development challenges vary; upgrading poses tough challenges that require robust institutional capacities. Such strengths are political in origin. They reflect pressures, such as security threats and resource constraints, which motivate political leaders to focus on efficiency more than clientelist payoffs. Such pressures help to explain the political institutions – 'veto players' – through which leaders operate. Doner assesses this argument by analyzing Thai development historically, in three sectors (sugar, textiles, and autos) and in comparison with both weaker and stronger competitors (Philippines, Indonesia, Taiwan, Brazil, and South Korea).
The Problem of Punishment
Authors: Boonin David
Published: June 2012

In this book, David Boonin examines the problem of punishment, and particularly the problem of explaining why it is morally permissible for the state to treat those who break the law in ways that would be wrong to treat those who do not? Boonin argues that there is no satisfactory solution to this problem and that the practice of legal punishment should therefore be abolished. Providing a detailed account of the nature of punishment and the problems that it generates, he offers a comprehensive and critical survey of the various solutions that have been offered to the problem and concludes by considering victim restitution as an alternative to punishment. Written in a clear and accessible style, The Problem of Punishment will be of interest to anyone looking for a critical introduction to the subject as well as to those already familiar with it.
The Psychologist's Companion
Authors: Sternberg Robert J.
Published: June 2012

The Psychologist's Companion, 4th edition, is intended to be a definitive guide to scientific writing for students and researchers. It covers a wealth of topics, including misconceptions about psychology papers, steps in writing library research papers, steps in writing experimental research papers, rules for writing psychology papers, commonly misused words, Internet resources, American Psychological Association guidelines for writing psychology papers, guidelines for data presentation, references for psychology papers, standards for evaluating psychology papers, submitting papers to journals, how to win acceptances of papers by psychology journals, writing grant and contract proposals, finding book publishers, writing lectures, and writing articles. The book contains a sample psychology paper as well as an appendix relevant to writing for British and European journals. The book is written in a lively and witty style that will make it easy reading for even the busiest students and professionals.
The Social Life of Opium in China
Authors: Yangwen Zheng
Published: June 2012

In a remarkable and broad-ranging narrative, Yangwen Zheng's book explores the history of opium consumption in China from 1483 to the late twentieth century. The story begins in the mid-Ming dynasty, when opium was sent as a gift by vassal states and used as an aphrodisiac in court. Over time, the Chinese people from different classes and regions began to use it for recreational purposes, so beginning a complex culture of opium consumption. The book traces this transformation over a period of five hundred years, asking who introduced opium to China, how it spread across all sections of society, embraced by rich and poor alike as a culture and an institution. The book, which is accompanied by a fascinating collection of illustrations, will appeal to students and scholars of history, anthropology, sociology, political science, economics, and all those with an interest in China.
Two-Dimensional Information Theory and Coding
Authors: Justesen Jørn , Forchhammer Søren
Published: June 2012

This complete introduction to two-dimensional (2-D) information theory and coding provides the key techniques for modeling data and estimating their information content. Throughout, special emphasis is placed on applications to transmission, storage, compression, and error protection of graphic information. The book begins with a self-contained introduction to information theory, including concepts of entropy and channel capacity, which requires minimal mathematical background knowledge. It then introduces error-correcting codes, particularly Reed-Solomon codes, the basic methods for error-correction, and codes applicable to data organized in 2-D arrays. Common techniques for data compression, including compression of 2-D data based on application of the basic source coding, are also covered, together with an advanced chapter dedicated to 2-D constrained coding for storage applications. Numerous worked examples illustrate the theory, whilst end-of-chapter exercises test the reader's understanding, making this an ideal book for graduate students and also for practitioners in the telecommunications and data storage industries.
Wireless Communication Systems
Authors: Du Ke-Lin , Swamy M. N. S.
Published: June 2012

This practically-oriented, all-inclusive guide covers all the major enabling techniques for current and next-generation cellular communications and wireless networking systems. Technologies covered include CDMA, OFDM, UWB, turbo and LDPC coding, smart antennas, wireless ad hoc and sensor networks, MIMO, and cognitive radios, providing readers with everything they need to master wireless systems design in a single volume. Uniquely, a detailed introduction to the properties, design, and selection of RF subsystems and antennas is provided, giving readers a clear overview of the whole wireless system. It is also the first textbook to include a complete introduction to speech coders and video coders used in wireless systems. Richly illustrated with over 400 figures, and with a unique emphasis on practical and state-of-the-art techniques in system design, rather than on the mathematical foundations, this book is ideal for graduate students and researchers in wireless communications, as well as for wireless and telecom engineers.
Effective Negotiation
Authors: Fells Ray
Published: June 2012

Essential reading for students and professionals in the fields of business, law and management, Effective Negotiation offers a realistic and practical understanding of negotiation and the skills required in order to reach an agreement. In this book Ray Fells draws on his extensive experience as a teacher and researcher to examine key issues such as trust, power and information exchange, ethics and strategy. Recognising the complexity of the negotiation process, he gives advice on how to improve as a negotiator by turning the research on negotiation into practical recommendations. It covers:
• How to negotiate strategically
• Negotiating on behalf of others
• Cultural differences in negotiation
The principles and skills outlined here focus on the business context but also apply to interpersonal and sales-based negotiations, and when resolving legal, environmental and social issues. Effective Negotiation also features a companion website with lecturer resources.
Introduction to Continuum Mechanics
Authors: Nair Sudhakar
Published: June 2012

This textbook treats solids and fluids in a balanced manner, using thermodynamic restrictions on the relation between applied forces and material responses. This unified approach can be appreciated by engineers, physicists, and applied mathematicians with some background in engineering mechanics. It has many examples and about 150 exercises for students to practise. The higher mathematics needed for a complete understanding is provided in the early chapters. This subject is essential for engineers involved in experimental or numerical modelling of material behaviour.
Greek Tragic Style
Authors: Rutherford R. B.
Published: June 2012

Greek tragedy is widely read and performed, but outside the commentary tradition detailed study of the poetic style and language of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides has been relatively neglected. This book seeks to fill that gap by providing an account of the poetics of the tragic genre. The author describes the varied handling of spoken dialogue and of lyric song; major topics such as vocabulary, rhetoric and imagery are considered in detail and illustrated from a broad range of plays. The contribution of the chorus to the dramas is also discussed. Characterisation, irony and generalising statements are treated in separate chapters and these topics are illuminated by comparisons which show not only what is shared by the three major dramatists but also what distinguishes their practice. The book sheds light both on the genre as a whole and on many particular passages.
An Introduction to the Unitarian and Universalist Traditions
Authors: Greenwood Andrea , Harris Mark W.
Published: June 2012

How is a free faith expressed, organised and governed? How are diverse spiritualities and theologies made compatible? What might a religion based in reason and democracy offer today's world? This book will help the reader to understand the contemporary liberal religion of Unitarian Universalism in a historical and global context. Andrea Greenwood and Mark W. Harris challenge the view that the Unitarianism of New England is indigenous and the point from which the religion spread. Relationships between Polish radicals and the English Dissenters existed and the English radicals profoundly influenced the Unitarianism of the nascent United States. Greenwood and Harris also explore the US identity as Unitarian Universalist since a 1961 merger and its current relationship to international congregations, particularly in the context of twentieth-century expansion into Asia.
International Dispute Settlement
Authors: Merrills J. G.
Published: June 2012

A guide to the techniques and institutions used to solve international disputes, how they work and when they are used. This textbook looks at diplomatic (negotiation, mediation, inquiry and conciliation) and legal methods (arbitration, judicial settlement). It uses many, often topical, examples of each method in practice to place the theory of how things should work in the context of real-life situations and to help the reader understand the strengths and weaknesses of different methods when they are used. It also looks at organisations such as the International Court and the United Nations and has been fully updated to include the most recent arbitrations, developments in the WTO and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, as well as case law from the International Court of Justice.
Probability Theory
Authors: Stroock Daniel W.
Published: June 2012

This second edition of Daniel W. Stroock's text is suitable for first-year graduate students with a good grasp of introductory, undergraduate probability theory and a sound grounding in analysis. It is intended to provide readers with an introduction to probability theory and the analytic ideas and tools on which the modern theory relies. It includes more than 750 exercises. Much of the content has undergone significant revision. In particular, the treatment of Levy processes has been rewritten, and a detailed account of Gaussian measures on a Banach space is given.
Environmental Protection and Human Rights
Authors: Anton Donald K. , Shelton Dinah L.
Published: June 2012

With unique scholarly analysis and practical discussion, this book provides a comprehensive introduction to the relationship between environmental protection and human rights being formalized into law in many legal systems. This book instructs on environmental techniques and procedures that assist in the protection of human rights. The text provides cogent guidance on a growing international jurisprudence on the promotion and protection of human rights in relation to the environment that has been developed by international and regional human rights bodies and tribunals. It explores a rich body of case law that continues to develop within states on the environmental dimension of the rights to life, to health, and to public participation and access to information. Five compelling contemporary case studies are included that implicate human rights and the environment, ranging from large dam projects to the creation of a new human right to a clean environment.
Search and Destroy
Authors: Miller Jerome G.
Published: June 2012

This tightly argued and methodologically sound volume addresses widespread social assumptions associating crime and African-American men. An exploration into the criminal justice system in America today and its impact on young African-American males, this book challenges the linking of crime and race and the conservative anti-welfare, hard-on-crime agenda. Jerry Miller has spent a lifetime studying and challenging our criminal justice system. He has worked to make it more progressive and more just. He has watched as it turned into a system of segregation and control for many Americans of color. That is the story told here in devastating detail.
Language and the African American Child
Authors: Green Lisa J.
Published: June 2012

How do children acquire African American English? How do they develop the specific language patterns of their communities? Drawing on spontaneous speech samples and data from structured elicitation tasks, this book explains the developmental trends in the children's language. It examines topics such as the development of tense/aspect marking, negation and question formation, and addresses the link between intonational patterns and meaning. Lisa Green shows the impact that community input has on children's development of variation in the production of certain constructions such as possessive -s, third person singular verbal -s, and forms of copula and auxiliary be. She discusses the implications that the linguistic description has for practical applications, such as developing instructional materials for children in the early stages of their education.
Statistical Learning for Biomedical Data
Authors: Malley James D. , Malley Karen G. , Pajevic Sinisa
Published: June 2012

This book is for anyone who has biomedical data and needs to identify variables that predict an outcome, for two-group outcomes such as tumor/not-tumor, survival/death, or response from treatment. Statistical learning machines are ideally suited to these types of prediction problems, especially if the variables being studied may not meet the assumptions of traditional techniques. Learning machines come from the world of probability and computer science but are not yet widely used in biomedical research. This introduction brings learning machine techniques to the biomedical world in an accessible way, explaining the underlying principles in nontechnical language and using extensive examples and figures. The authors connect these new methods to familiar techniques by showing how to use the learning machine models to generate smaller, more easily interpretable traditional models. Coverage includes single decision trees, multiple-tree techniques such as Random Forests™, neural nets, support vector machines, nearest neighbors and boosting.
Max Horkheimer and the Foundations of the Frankfurt School
Authors: Abromeit John
Published: June 2012

This book is the first comprehensive intellectual biography of Max Horkheimer during the early and middle phases of his life (1895–1941). Drawing on unexamined new sources, John Abromeit describes the critical details of Horkheimer's intellectual development. This study recovers and reconstructs the model of early Critical Theory that guided the work of the Institute for Social Research in the 1930s. Horkheimer is remembered primarily as the co-author of Dialectic of Enlightenment, which he wrote with Theodor W. Adorno in the early 1940s. But few people realize that Horkheimer and Adorno did not begin working together seriously until the late 1930s or that the model of Critical Theory developed by Horkheimer and Erich Fromm in the late 1920s and early 1930s differs in crucial ways from Dialectic of Enlightenment. Abromeit highlights the ways in which Horkheimer's early Critical Theory remains relevant to contemporary theoretical discussions in a wide variety of fields.
Modeling Monetary Economies
Authors: Champ Bruce , Freeman Scott , Haslag Joseph
Published: June 2012

This textbook is designed to be used in an advanced undergraduate course. The approach of this text is to teach monetary economics using the classical paradigm of rational agents in a market setting. Too often monetary economics has been taught as a collection of facts about existing institutions for students to memorize. By teaching from first principles instead, the authors aim to instruct students not only in the monetary policies and institutions that exist today in the United States and Canada, but also in what policies and institutions may or should exist tomorrow and elsewhere. The text builds on a simple, clear monetary model and applies this framework consistently to a wide variety of monetary questions. The authors have added in this third edition new material on money as a means of replacing imperfect social record keeping, the role of currency in banking panics and a description of the policies implemented to deal with the banking crises that began in 2007.
Continuum Mechanics in the Earth Sciences
Authors: Newman William I.
Published: June 2012

Continuum mechanics underlies many geological and geophysical phenomena, from earthquakes and faults to the fluid dynamics of the Earth. This interdisciplinary book provides geoscientists, physicists and applied mathematicians with a class-tested, accessible overview of continuum mechanics. Starting from thermodynamic principles and geometrical insights, the book surveys solid, fluid and gas dynamics. In later review chapters, it explores new aspects of the field emerging from nonlinearity and dynamical complexity and provides a brief introduction to computational modeling. Simple, yet rigorous, derivations are used to review the essential mathematics. The author emphasizes the full three-dimensional geometries of real-world examples, enabling students to apply this in deconstructing solid earth and planet-related problems. Problem sets and worked examples are provided, making this a practical resource for graduate students in geophysics, planetary physics and geology and a beneficial tool for professional scientists seeking a better understanding of the mathematics and physics within Earth sciences.
Influence of predispositions on post-traumatic stress disorder: does it vary by trauma severity?
Authors: Breslau N. , Troost J. P. , Bohnert K. , Luo Z.
Published: June 2012

Background

Only a minority of trauma victims (<10%) develops post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suggesting that victims vary in predispositions to the PTSD response to traumas. It is assumed that the influence of predispositions is inversely related to trauma severity: when trauma is extreme predispositions are assumed to play a secondary role. This assumption has not been tested. We estimate the influence of key predispositions on PTSD induced by an extreme trauma – associated with a high percentage of PTSD – (sexual assault), relative to events of lower magnitude (accidents, disaster, and unexpected death of someone close).

Method

The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) is representative of the adult population of the USA. A total of 34 653 respondents completed the second wave in which lifetime PTSD was assessed. We conducted three series of multinomial logistic regressions, comparing the influence of six predispositions on the PTSD effect of sexual assault with each comparison event. Three pre-existing disorders and three parental history variables were examined.

Results

Predispositions predicted elevated PTSD risk among victims of sexual assault as they did among victims of comparison events. We detected no evidence that the influence of predispositions on PTSD risk was significantly lower when the event was sexual assault, relative to accidents, disasters and unexpected death of someone close.

Conclusions

Important predispositions increase the risk of PTSD following sexual assault as much as they do following accidents, disaster, and unexpected death of someone close. Research on other predispositions and alternative classifications of event severity would be illuminating.
II.—Description of an Astrological Clock, belonging to the Society of Antiquaries of London: in a Letter to the President, from Captain W. H. Smyth, R.N., K.S.F., D.C.L., Director
Authors: Smyth W. H.
Published: June 2012

On being elected to the honourable post of Director of the Society of Antiquaries, it became my duty to inspect the state and arrangement of its property; of which Mr. Albert Way, my worthy predecessor in that office, was then drawing up a detailed Catalogue. In the course of this occupation I could not but be greatly struck with the old Bohemian clock in our possession; and which appearing, on inquiry, to be the earliest one in pristine condition now remaining in England, I felt somewhat called upon to lodge a description of it in our archives. On mentioning this to your Lordship, it was gratifying to find that you were of the same opinion; I have therefore given this curious and unique machine a most careful scrutiny, and hope the account which I now have the honour to deliver may prove elucidatory, both of its construction and its history. Before, however, describing the clock itself, some preliminary matter, respecting various points of horological import, may conduce to a right understanding of the subject.
III.—Antiquarian Researches in the Ionian Islands, in the year 1812, by John Lee, Esq. LL.D., F.R.S. Communicated in a Letter to Captain W. H. Smyth, R.N., K.S.F., Director
Authors: Lee John
Published: June 2012

In compliance with your request, I now forward to you the accompanying journal of my proceedings at Ithaca; and I have the greater pleasure in so doing, as it affords me an opportunity of showing my respect for and obedience to the wishes of one holding the office of Director of the Society of Antiquaries of London. At the same time, I cannot expect that this journal will be deserving of much of your attention, which is generally bestowed on higher subjects; though under your guidance I trust that it may not prove unacceptable to this Society.
IX.—On Gnostic Gems. By John Yonge Akerman, Esq., F.S.A. In a Letter to John Payne Collier, Esq., Treasurer
Authors: Akerman John Yonge
Published: June 2012

I beg to submit to the Society of Antiquaries some impressions and drawings of Gnostic Gems, chiefly bearing the usual figures and characters, on the former of which I venture to make a few observations. I think we shall not err much in assigning the origin of these amulets to Alexandria, in Egypt, the hot-bed of Gnostic superstition, and the birth-place of more than two of the leaders of this abominable sect. As far as we can judge from the style of their workmanship and the form of the characters, the greater part belong to a period later than the days of the Antonines.
X.—Remarks to assist in ascertaining the Dates of Buildings. By John Adey Repton, Esq., F.S.A. In a Letter to Sir Henry Ellis, K.H., Secretary
Authors: Repton John Adey
Published: June 2012

It is thirty seven years since I had the honour of communicating a paper to the Society of Antiquaries, containing “Some Remarks to assist in ascertaining the Dates of Buildings;” a subject at that time of little interest to the generality of members, though one which always appeared to me of importance. The great change which has taken place of late years in the feeling of the public on all subjects of ecclesiastical architecture, leading, as I trust it will, to a more correct taste in buildings hereafter dedicated to the service of God, will, I hope, plead my excuse for again laying before the Society some observations which at the time they were made might boast some little portion of originality, but which is now no longer the case.
II.—Account of the Discovery of Roman and other Sepulchral Remains, at the Village of Stone, near Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire. By John Yonge Akerman, Esq. Secretary
Authors: Akerman John Yonge
Published: June 2012

In the year 1847 Dr. Diamond communicated to the Society of Antiquaries an account of some excavations which he had superintended at Ewell near Epsom, when he exhibited various remains found in certain shafts sunk in the solid rock. The particulars of these discoveries, and Dr. Diamond's opinion thereon, have been printed in the Archæologia.
III—On the use of Mason-Marks in Scotland. By Patrick Chalmers, Esq. F.S.A.
Authors: Chalmers Patrick
Published: June 2012

The subject of Mason-Marks has obtained some additional interest lately in consequence of the suggestions that they might be made useful towards ascertaining the dates of buildings. Living in a district rather remarkable for the goodness of its masonry, both in material and in workmanship, my attention had frequently been directed to the singular character of these marks, but it had never occurred to me that they might be made available for the purpose above mentioned until I read Mr. Godwin's letters on the subject in Vol. XXX. of Archseologia. Though I doubt whether these marks can be classified chronologically, so as to form an index for fixing the date of buildings, yet it is certainly desirable that those who have it in their power should contribute their mite towards such a collection as Mr. Godwin suggests, in order to a thorough investigation of the subject. It is with this object that I have collected the mason-marks on several buildings in the neighbourhood in which I live, the dates of which are pretty nearly fixed by written records or other extraneous evidence.
IV.—Rules of the Free School at Saffron Walden, in Essex, in the reign of Henry VIII., communicated by Thomas Wright, Esq., F.S.A., in a letter to Captain W. H. Smyth, R.N., F.R.S., Director
Authors: Wright Thomas
Published: June 2012

In turning over the records of the town of Saffron Walden a few weeks ago, I found a volume of rather miscellaneous matter relating to the government of the town, which appears to be chiefly in the writing of the time of Henry the Eighth, and in which are two programmes of Regulations for the management of the Free Grammar School established there in 1525, drawn up by two different masters. They are documents of a kind which are rare, and I think of some interest, connected with one of the most important of all subjects—the history of the development of the human intelligence.
IX.—Communication from William Chaffers, Jun., Esq., F.S.A., addressed to J. Y. Akerman, Esq., Secretary, accompanying the Exhibition of numerous Glass Vessels, and other Antiquities of the Roman Period, found at Nismes
Authors: Chaffers William
Published: June 2012

As several members of the Society have expressed a wish to see the collection of Roman glass vessels which I had the honour to exhibit a fortnight ago, I have again produced it on the table, together with other interesting objects from the same locality. Since my last communication, I have received from Monsieur Perrot, an intelligent and experienced antiquary at Nismes, a descriptive account of the interments, which I now have the pleasure of laying before you. This gentleman has been for many years conductor of the excavations made around the principal edifices of the town of Nismes, by which means he has become possessed of a great variety of antiquities; and, although the town (as I before stated) has a public Museum, the funds are extremely limited, the administration of the town having only voted towards its maintenance, since the year 1845, the sum of one hundred francs.
X—Notes on some Paper Casts of Cuneiform Inscriptions upon the sculptured Rock at Behistun exhibited to the Society of Antiquaries. By Lieut.-Col. H. Rawlinson, C.B., F.R.S., and D.C.L.
Authors: Rawlinson H.
Published: June 2012

The small paper Casts which are lying on the table are impressions of the epigraphs that are attached to the line of captive figures sculptured on the great triumphal Tablet of Behistun; and the two large sheets which are suspended against the side wall of the room are from the same locality. This rock of Behistun is a very remarkable natural object on the high road between Ecbatana and Babylon. It was probably in the very earliest times invested with a holy character; for the Greek physician, Ctesias, who must have visited this spot in the fourth century before Christ, ascribes the most remarkable of the antiquities that were to be found there to the Assyrian queen Semiramis; and Isidore of Charax confirms this tradition of the country in his notice of the column and figure of Semiramis, at the city of Baptana, in the district of Cambadene. Now I believe Semiramis to have been altogether a mythic personage. In the historical inscriptions of Nineveh there is no trace either of Ninus or Semiramis; but both the names are probably to be recognised in the Pantheon. A very remarkable bas-relief at Behistun, which contains the full face of a colossal female figure, and which is evidently far more ancient than the tablet of Darius Hystaspes, represents, I think, the object mentioned by Isidore; and in front of the bas-relief are the remains, now barely distinguishable from the masses of rock by which they are surrounded, of the enormous pillar which stood contiguous to the shrine of the goddess, and which was doubtless an object of worship.
XII.—Notice of a Bronze Beaded Collar, found in Lochar Moss, Dumfriesshire. In a Letter from Albert Way, Esq. F.S.A. to Sir Henry Ellis, K.H, F.R.S., Secretary
Authors: Way Albert
Published: June 2012

The curious bronze collar, an unique variety of the beaded torc, according to the classification of these interesting objects proposed by Mr. Birch, was discovered a few years since, in Lochar Moss, Dumfriesshire, about two miles to the North of Cumlongan Castle. That extensive turbary appears to occupy a site once covered by a forest of great extent: the trunks of large trees are frequently found in it, and numerous vestiges of various periods have been brought to light, from time to time, in cutting peat, including a considerable number of coins. I have also seen impressions from two seals discovered in this morass: one of them appeared to be an antique gem, the intaglio representing Mars; the other was a personal seal of late medieval date, bearing an eagle displayed.
IV. On some Roman Bronzes discovered in the bed of the Thames, in January 1837; Communicated by Charles Roach Smith, Esq. F.S.A. in a Letter to Nicholas Carlisle, Esq. K.H., F.R.S., Secretary
Authors: Smith Charles Roach
Published: June 2012

In conjunction with John Newman, Esq. F.S.A., I am enabled to exhibit to the Society of Antiquaries some fine and interesting bronzes, which were found in the bed of the river Thames, near London Bridge, in January last, by men employed in ballast heaving. They are five in number, and consist of a Priest, or devotee, of Cybele; a Mercury; an Apollo; an Atys; and the fragment of a Mercury, or, in the opinion of Sir Richard Westmacott, of a Jupiter. A pedestal of bronze was also found in the same spot.
V. An Account of a large quantity of Coins of Edward I. and II. discovered in February 1836, at Wyke, near Leeds, in Yorkshire: forming a Sequel to Mr. Hawkins's Account of those of the same reigns found at Tutbury. By Messrs. Francis Sharpe and Daniel Henry Haigh, of Leeds: Communicated through Edward Hawkins, Esq. F.R.S., F.S.A.
Authors: Sharpe Francis , Haigh Daniel Henry
Published: June 2012

In February 1836, a person, in planting a tree at the end of his house at Wyke in the parish of Harewood, about eight miles from Leeds, struck upon an earthern vessel, containing a number of Coins of the early Edwards, &c. of which we shall, as far as lies in our power, give the particulars. The property on which they were found is held in trust for the Vicar of Leeds, and was bequeathed by the will of the late Right Honourable Lady Elizabeth Hastings. From whom, and at what time the property came into her family, we have not been able to ascertain; but by Kirby's Inquest, it appears that the Abbot of Kirkstall, to whose monastery most of the property in this neighbourhood belonged, was Lord of Wyke also. In the year 1831 the present farm-house was built upon the site of the old one, but was not continued so far as the original in length. It was in or under the plastered floor of the ancient tenement that these coins were concealed. The earthern vessel in which they were contained was, as far as we could learn, somewhat of the shape and nature of a Roman Urn; but every fragment of it had been destroyed previously to our inquiry. It had probably been cracked at the time of its secretion, or the cover was imperfect, as a great quantity of the coins were united together; many much oxidized, so as to be rendered quite friable and readily broken, not leaving even the slightest trace of the original silver; others were in a more perfect state ; but the generality were in very indifferent preservation.
VII. The Life of Sir Peter Carew, of Mohun Ottery, co. Devon. Communicated by Sir Thomas Phillipps, Bart., F.R.S., F.S.A.; in a Letter to Sir Henry Ellis, K.H., F.R.S., Secretary
Authors: Phillipps Thomas
Published: June 2012

I beg to send you an article for the Archæologia, which contains some curious traits of the Manners in the reign of Henry VIII. as well as illustrations of some passages in the general history of this country. I trust you will find it of sufficient interest to be printed in the Society's next Volume.
XIV. Copies of Two Letters from Queen Elizabeth to Dr. Dale, Her Majesty's Ambassador in France, A.D. 1573, relating to the proposed Marriage with the Duc d'Alençon. Communicated by Francis Worship, Esq., in a Letter to Henry Hallam, Esq., F.R.S., Vice-President
Authors: Worship Francis
Published: June 2012

I beg to send for your perusal two official letters, addressed by Queen Elizabeth to Dr. Dale, her Ambassador at Paris, relative to her proposed marriage with the Duke of Alençon, afterwards Duke of Anjou. If you should think them worthy of the notice of the Society of Antiquaries, I hope you will feel no hesitation in having them read at their next meeting.
XV. On the Antiquity of Abury and Stonehenge, by John Rickman, Esq., F.R.S.
Authors: Rickman John
Published: June 2012

I am sensible that I undertake an unpopular task in endeavouring to restrain within ascertained limits the unknown date of the most revered objects of antiquarian curiosity extant in Great Britain ; but I also know that in the estimation of enlightened minds, truth, or (its near adjunct) probability, is preferable to indefinite wonder; and I shall venture to produce circumstantial evidence, that the antiquity of Stonehenge and even of Abury, falls short of the commencement of the Christian era.
XVI. Letters illustrative of the Gunpowder Treason: Communicated by John Bruce, Esq. F.S.A. in a Letter to Sir Henry Ellis, K.H., F.R.S., Secretary
Authors: Bruce John
Published: June 2012

I beg to transmit to you copies of two letters connected with the history of the Gunpowder Treason, which I think will be found worthy of consideration by the Society of Antiquaries.
XXIII.—Observations on the celebrated Monument at Ashbury, in the county of Berks, called “Wayland Smith's Cave:” by John Yonge Akerman, Esq. F.S.A. in a Letter to Capt. W. H. Smyth, R.N. Director
Authors: Akerman John Yonge
Published: June 2012

I beg to submit through you to the Society of Antiquaries, drawings, from actual admeasurement, by Mr. C. W. Edmonds, of that interesting monument of the Celtic period, popularly known as “Wayland Smith's Cave,” (PI. XVII.) situated at Ashbury, in the county of Berks.

At a period when Antiquarian researches are prosecuted with so much zeal and vigour, anything that may assist our knowledge of the manners and customs of the early races in Britain cannot but prove interesting. We are, it is to be hoped, no longer in danger of seeing the most curious remains of antiquity gradually perishing under the united assaults of ignorance and cupidity.
XXV.—Copy of an Historical Document, printed by Machlinia, dated in 1475: communicated in a Letter to the President, from Sir Henry Ellis, Secretary
Authors: Ellis Henry
Published: June 2012

Herbert, in his edition of Ames's Typographical Antiquities, at the end of the Account of the Books printed by Machlinia, the contemporary of Caxton, says,

“A Chronicle of England,

“Partly written, and partly printed, on paper and vellum; was in the possession of the late John Anstis, Esq., Garter. It is a miscellaneous piece, and has printed in it, First, ‘The promise of Matrimonie.’ Second, ‘The Lettre annuelle port.’ Third, ‘The obligation of Nisi.’ Fourth, ‘Tharticles of the Convencion, bitwene the Frensshe King and the Duke of Austrice, late called due of Burgoine.’ Quarto.” Dr. Dibdin, in the later unfinished edition of Ames, copies this paragraph: adding that he was not able to enlarge the account.
XXVIII.—On discoveries of Roman Remains at Chesterford, &c. by the Honourable R. C. Neville: communicated to Captain W. H. Smyth, R.N. &c, Director of the Society of Antiquaries of London, by C. Roach Smith, Esq. F.S.A.
Authors: Neville R.C.
Published: June 2012

During the autumn of 1845 I employed workmen to trench some ground at Chesterford, called the “Borough Field,” a great part of which had been previously dug by the parish for gravel, and produced a great variety of Roman remains. The remainder, however, to the extent of half an acre, never having been disturbed, gave good promise of a successful search, which was afterwards amply fulfilled.
XXX.—Examination of a Group of Barrows, Five in number, in Cambridgeshire. By the Hon. Richard Cornwallis Neville, F.S.A.
Authors: Neville Richard Cornwallis
Published: June 2012

Situated at the distance of a mile and a half from Royston, two miles from Melbourne, and three from Barkway, these barrows give a name to the locality,

“Campus ab illis

Dicitur, æternumque tenet per sæcula nomen,”

the spot where they stand being called “Five Hill Field.” On an eminence, they form a conspicuous feature throughout the surrounding country, as yet only partially inclosed, and command an extensive view over the adjacent flat. Their exalted position would seem to favour the opinion of Professor Henslow, that they were originally intended for beacons: those however that have come under my notice are by no means to be included in such a classification, as, of the nine I examined, eight were decidedly of a funereal character, and one in the same neighbourhood equally so. Commencing with the tallest of the group, its shape, nearly oval, was longer than appeared altogether proportionate to its circular form, which cannot be better described than by a reference to “Fosbrooke's Antiquities,” whose account of the “Long Barrow” and its contents coincides most remarkably with the one now under consideration.
XXXIII.—Copy of a short Memoir on the Means considered fit for putting the Forces of England in Order at the time the Invasion from the Spaniards was expected in 1587; preserved in the Harleian MS. 168, fol. 110. Communicated by Sir Henry Ellis, K.H. Secretary
Authors: Ellis Henry
Published: June 2012

This little memoir contains numerous comments upon the state of certain points and places where it was supposed the Spaniards might be able to land: the proper dispositions for combating with them: the order of fighting with the enemy if he should land: and the proportion of men to be provided for that purpose, more especially as regarded the border toward Scotland. There are various other points also proposed to be considered, which will be best understood in the detail.
XV.—Additional Information respecting the Life and Services of Sir Walter Raleigh, in a Letter from J. Payne Collier, V.P. to William Durrant Cooper, Esq. F.S.A.
Authors: Collier J. Payne
Published: June 2012

In my recent letter to Mr. Ouvry of notes, memoranda, and documents, containing new materials for a Life of Sir Walter Raleigh, I brought the incidents with which he was connected down to the year 1584, when, as I established, he had received the honour of knighthood. I now continue the subject, and request you to be the medium of communicating what follows to our Society. The particulars, as in the former instance, are many of them minute; but, I apprehend, they are all of them more or less important, in reference to the character and conduct of a man who was highly distinguished in so many capacities, as a politician, a courtier, a soldier, a navigator, a poet, a patron, a philosopher, and a historian.
XVI.—Continuation of New Materials for a Life of Sir Walter Raleigh: in a Letter from J. Payne Collier, Esq. V.P., to John Bruce, Esq., Treasurer
Authors: Collier J. Payne
Published: June 2012

My intention in this, and in my two preceding papers on the same subject, has not been, and is not, to give any thing like a new biographical account of Sir Walter Raleigh, but merely to touch upon some points, which, I think, have not been sufficiently illustrated; to correct and settle a few dates; and to add various matters that have either been unknown to, or have been passed over by those who have professed to write the life of this most deserving, but not less unfortunate, favourite of Elizabeth. I make this statement now, because, as I am informed, my purpose has been a little misunderstood; since it has been thought by some, that I was aiming at more than I pretend to accomplish. I merely furnish additional materials to those who may hereafter be disposed to treat the inquiry in detail and upon system. I recommence where I left off in my last; and beg of those who may think matters of the kind not so apposite to our ordinary inquiries, to remember that Sir Walter Raleigh was one of the founders of our Society, and on that account only, if he had no other claims, would merit the utmost interest we can take regarding him.