bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electronic and Piezoelectric Properties of Nonmetal Doped II-VI Monolayer Compounds
Authors: Chhana Lalmuan , Zodinmawia  , Tiwari Ramesh Chandra , Gurung Shivraj , Zuala Lalhriat
Published: July 2024

The enhancement of nano-system properties, particularly low dimensional
structures, is of great importance for future devices. Using spin-polarized Density
Functional Theory (DFT), electronic and piezoelectric properties of II-VI monolayer
(ZnO, ZnS, CdO and CdS) are studied. Variations of these properties are further
studied under substitutional doping of non-metal atoms (boron and carbon). Doping
with a B/C atom transforms all the monolayers into half-metallic ferromagnet, with
changes arising mainly from p-orbitals of the dopant (B/C) atom. Reduction of band
gap energy from its pristine structure is observed in all the doped cases. Observations
predicted that the B-doped ZnO and ZnS monolayer showed negative structural
stiffness and negative piezoelectric tensors, while C-doping remains stable with
enhanced elastic as well as piezoelectric properties of the monolayer.
Avaliação da usabilidade do museu da diversidade sexual: um olhar para a satisfação dos visitantes
Authors: Chaves Italo Teixeira , Lima Izabel França de
Published: July 2024

The present study aims to carry out a usability assessment in the digital information environment of the Museum of Sexual Diversity. To this end, it considers as a methodological contribution an evaluation model developed by Izabel França de Lima together with Jakob Nielsen's Heuristics, with delimitations of the heuristics constancy and standardization, error prevention, helping users to recognize and recover from errors and help and documentation. The usability evaluation was carried out by 15 evaluators,with profiles ranging from beginners, intermediate and advanced. In general, the site is adequate in terms of usability satisfaction, based on the comments and notes from the reviewers. The aspects that may require review are mainly related to the constancy and standardization heuristics and helping users recover from errors. These two points appear to be weak in evaluating usability and can be better observed in future updates. It is concluded that virtual museums are important spaces for the dissemination of cultural heritage and, for these environments to be better used, evaluating usability is fundamental. At this point, the relevance of Information Science is highlighted, which has developed studies with a mixture of the technological and the cultural and which can improve access to information present in these environments.
Incorporating Chatgpt In Medical Informatics Master's Education: understanding student perceptions and guiding experiential integration
Authors: Araujo Sabrina Magalhães , Cruz-Correia Ricardo
Published: July 2024

ntegrating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, such as ChatGPT, into the educational landscape has the potential to greatly enhance the learning experience in the field of Medical Informatics. This study aims to explore the perceptions of Master's students in Medical Informatics regarding the use of ChatGPT as a learning tool and provide guidance to professors for effectively incorporating ChatGPT in the "Health Information Systems and Electronic Health Records" course. By aligning with the recommendations of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA), this research aims to contribute to the advancement of AI education in the context of biomedical and health informatics.
Recursos informacionais em plataformas de audiolivro: uma análise sobre a recuperação de informação
Authors: Gonçalves Suellen Souza , Silva Patrícia Nascimento
Published: July 2024

The research aimed to analyze audiobook platforms regarding the elements of information representation and information retrieval. As specific objectives, we sought to (i) identify the audiobook platforms available in Brazil;(ii) define the evaluationcriteria for retrieving information in audiobooks;and (iii) analyze the resources, metadata, and functionalities. Methodologically, the research was characterized as descriptive, exploratory, and applied, with a qualitative and quantitative approach involving three distinct stages. Of the 27 metadata and 24 features observed on the platforms, it was found that Audible was the platform that best met 37 (69%) criteria. In contrast, the Ubook platform had the lowest performance, meeting 29 (54%) criteria. The mobile environment proved more efficient than the desktop, serving more metadata and functionalities, although it had positive and negative points. It is concluded that the platforms present resources and functionalities for information retrieval, but there is still spacefor improvement
Participação cidadã: estudo exploratório nos arquivos municipais portugueses
Authors: Alvim Luísa , Patrício Sandra
Published: July 2024

Municipal archives are among the memory institutions that can best contribute to the achievement of Goal 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities of the United Nations 2030 Agenda list of Sustainable Development Goals, contributing to the informed and critical participation of citizens in collective life. The aim of this article is to assess the practice of Portuguese municipal archives in promoting citizen participation. Based on a review of the literature and a survey sent to the eighteen municipal archives in the district capitals, as well as other municipal archives in the district, it is concluded that citizen participation is not,yet an instrument frequently developed by Portuguese archives, although some already have initiatives aimed at the direct participation of citizens.
Explorando os espaços de memória: o papel do Núcleo de Pesquisa e Documentação da Cultura Popular na preservação documental
Authors: Nascimento Geysa Flávia Câmara de Lima , Dovier Fabiana Teixeira , Lima Everton Fernandes de , Santos Lucas Lima
Published: July 2024

This article presents an excerpt ofthe undergraduate monographentitled From shelf to display: the role of the librarian in the preservation of museum objects, aimed at elucidating issues related to museumobjects at the Research and Documentation Centre(NUPPO), specifically focusing on the "Casa de Barro" collections authored by Abimael Soares da Fonseca. The research identifies barriers and delves into activities related to preservation and artistic records, aiming to strengthen representations marked by artisanal labour. By employing qualitative research methods, the aim is to achieve efficient results and provide alternatives for cataloguing the collection, further contributing to the healthy maintenance of the artifacts. Additionally, hygiene standards for the items are evalu-ated, aligned with the needs of the centre, as these spaces play a crucial role in preserving the origi-nality of pieces that convey recognition of popular tradition.
Algorithmic Spaced Retrieval Enhances Long-Term Memory in Alzheimer Disease: Case-Control Pilot Study
Authors: Smith Amy M , Marin Anna , DeCaro Renee E , Feinn Richard , Wack Audrey , Hughes Gregory I , Rivard Nathaniel , Umashankar Akshay , Turk Katherine W , Budson Andrew E
Published: July 2024

Background

Spaced retrieval is a learning technique that involves engaging in repeated memory testing after increasingly lengthy intervals of time. Spaced retrieval has been shown to improve long-term memory in Alzheimer disease (AD), but it has historically been difficult to implement in the everyday lives of individuals with AD.

Objective

This research aims to determine, in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD, the efficacy and feasibility of a mobile app that combines spaced retrieval with a machine learning algorithm to enhance memory retention. Specifically, the app prompts users to answer questions during brief daily sessions, and a machine learning algorithm tracks each user’s rate of forgetting to determine the optimal spacing schedule to prevent anticipated forgetting.

Methods

In this pilot study, 61 participants (young adults: n=21, 34%; healthy older adults: n=20, 33%; people with MCI due to AD: n=20, 33%) used the app for 4 weeks to learn new facts and relearn forgotten name-face associations. Participation during the 4-week period was characterized by using the app once per day to answer 15 questions about the facts and names. After the 4-week learning phase, participants completed 2 recognition memory tests approximately 1 week apart, which tested memory for information they had studied using the app as well as information they had not studied.

Results

After using the mobile app for 1 month, every person with MCI due to AD demonstrated improvements in memory for new facts that they had studied via the app compared to baseline (P<.001). All but one person with MCI due to AD (19/20, 95%) showed improvements of more than 10 percentage points, comparable to the improvements shown by young adults and healthy older adults. Memory for name-face associations was similarly improved for all participant groups after using the app but to a lesser degree. Furthermore, for both new facts and name-face associations, we found no memory decay for any participant group after they took a break of approximately 1 week from using the app at the end of the study. Regarding usability, of the 20 people with MCI due to AD, 16 (80%) self-adhered to the app’s automated practice schedule, and half of them (n=10, 50%) expressed an interest in continuing to use it.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate early evidence that spaced retrieval mobile apps are both feasible for people with early-stage AD to use in their everyday lives and effective for supporting memory retention of recently learned facts and name-face associations.
Development of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)-Based Chemistry E-module Learning Materials on the Topic of Reaction Rate
Authors: Oktariani Oktariani , Saputri Endita Rifki
Published: July 2024

Teaching materials are important components in learning, so they need more attention. This study aimed to determine the validity and response of the target audience to a STEM-based chemistry e-module on reaction rate. The research used the ADDIE development model, which consists of five stages: Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. However, this research was limited to the implementation stage through trials with a small group. The research instruments used were interview guidelines, student needs questionnaire sheets, validation sheets, and teacher and student response questionnaire sheets. The subjects of this study were 3 expert lecturers, 2 expert chemistry teachers, and 30 students of class XII IPA at SMA Negeri 2 Sentajo Raya. The results showed that the STEM-based chemistry e-module on reaction rate material was feasible to use with a validity value of 89.6% (very feasible criteria). Based on the responses of the target audience, it can also be concluded that the e-module is feasible to use with a teacher response percentage of 92% and students 88%. This means that e-modules are feasible to use as teaching materials on reaction rate materials at SMAN 2 Sentajo Raya. Therefore, to apply and implement this e-module to other schools, further studies are needed.
The impact of chief executive officer’s compensation on agency costs: The role of good corporate governance
Authors: Phuong Ta Thu , Long Tran Phi , Kien Nguyen Trung , Anh Nguyen Van , Chi Dam Khanh , Chi Le Quynh , Giang Pham Huong , Nguyet Nguyen Thi Minh
Published: July 2024

Exploring the interplay between managerial compensation, agency costs, and corporate governance, this study investigates how chief executive officer (CEO) duality (combined CEO and chairman roles) moderates the relationship. Using data from Vietnamese listed industrial firms (2013–2022), the research reveals that under weak governance (CEO duality), compensation has no significant impact on agency costs. However, with strong governance (separate CEO and chairman roles), compensation’s influence on agency costs weakens. Building on this analysis, the study proposes recommendations for enhancing corporate governance practices and mitigating the influence of remuneration on agency problems.
1004-P: Remote Initiation of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Older Adults Using Insulin
Authors: MAHONEY CATHERINE , SLYNE CHRISTINE , MUNSHI MEDHA , CONERY COLIN D. , BRABANT HALEY , KRAKOFF NOA , BULGER JANE D. , WEINSTOCK RUTH S. , TOSCHI ELENA
Published: July 2024

Background & Objective: Initiation of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) remotely in adults with diabetes (DM) has been shown beneficial. However, this model has not been evaluated in older adults. The objective of this study was to assess the benefit and challenges encountered by older patients on multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) initiating CGM using a virtual platform.

Methods: Older adults with DM who are participating in an ongoing study on initiation CGM remotely between January-December 2023 were interviewed. Interviews were transcribed, de-identified, coded, and qualitatively analyzed. Baseline demographic characteristics were collected.

Results: Interim analysis of 24 interviews was conducted: age 72 ± 4 years, duration of diabetes 30 ± 15 years, 52% female, 76% white, 52% having type 1 diabetes (T1DM), 72% CGM naïve, HbA1C 8.1 ± 1.6, 92% on MDI, and 84% utilizing Medicare as primary insurance. Overarching themes were the use of remote education, initiation of CGM remotely, and ongoing use of CGM. All 100% surveyed participants favorably rated the remote education and its ease of scheduling as well as the overall value of CGM. All participants were able to initiate and maintained CGM use successfully with remote education assistance, with 95% of participants planning to continue to use CGM after study completion. The challenges reported with the CGM use included difficulty with mobile application (33%), annoyance with alarms (50%), and concerns for Medicare coverage (42%).

Conclusions: The results of this qualitative analysis show that in our cohort, remote initiation of CGM in older adults was perceived positively, despite some challenges.

Disclosure

C. Mahoney: None. C. Slyne: None. M. Munshi: Consultant; Sanofi. C.D. Conery: None. H. Brabant: None. N. Krakoff: None. J.D. Bulger: None. R.S. Weinstock: Research Support; Eli Lilly and Company, Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc., Diasome, Amgen Inc., MannKind Corporation, Insulet Corporation, Novo Nordisk. Other Relationship; Dexcom, Inc. E. Toschi: Consultant; Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Sanofi.

Funding

The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
1020-P: Evolution over Time of the Discrepancy between HbA1c and Glucose Management Indicator—Findings from a Franco-Belgian Cohort of 347 Patients
Authors: RIVELINE JEAN-PIERRE , PREVOST GAETAN , ANDRIEU ANAIS , JOUBERT MICHAEL , ORIOT PHILIPPE , PENFORNIS ALFRED , PHILIPS JEAN-CHRISTOPHE , JULLA JEAN-BAPTISTE , COSSON EMMANUEL
Published: July 2024

A discrepancy between laboratory-measured HbA1c and Glucose Management Indicator (GMI), estimated from continuous glucose monitoring, is frequently encountered in clinical practice. However, its evolution over time is not yet known.

Methodology: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study (9 centers) that collected pairs of HbA1c and GMI (calculated over 90 days) at T0, T1 year, T2 years of follow-up in patients with diabetes, all users of FreeStyleLibre®. The primary study endpoint was the analysis of the mean HbA1c-GMI differences at the 3 time points. Glucose data, clinical parameters, and complications were also analyzed. Patients were classified based on the HbA1c-GMI discrepancy: positive (PosD, HbA1c-GMI>+0.3%), neutral (NullD, HbA1c-GMI from -0.3 to +0.3%), negative (NegD, HbA1c-GMI< -0.3%) at each time point, and with the average differences over the 3 time points. Group comparisons were assessed using ANOVA.

Result: We included 347 patients (82% type 1 diabetes), mean age of 51±17 years, diabetes duration 20±13 years, HbA1c 7.6±1.0%, 90±9% CGM data collected, Time in Range 70-180 mg/dl (TIR) 57±17%, GMI 7.4±0.8%. The mean HbA1c-GMI differed over time (T0: 0.27%, T1 year: 0.16%, T2 years: 0.04%, P<0.0001). Considering the mean HbA1c-GMI differences over the 3 time points for all patients, PosD individuals were statistically older, had higher BMI and HbA1c compared to NegD patients. At T0, the patients were distributed as follows: 168 PosD (48.4%), 129 NullD (37.2%), 50 NegD (14.4%). The 121 patients (only 34.8% of the cohort) who stayed in the same group at the three time-points were 44.6% PosD, 38% NullD and 17.4% NegD.

Conclusion: In only 1/3 of patients does the difference between HbA1c and GMI appear to be stable over time. This should be taken into account when analyzing the supposed poor prognosis associated with PosD.

Disclosure

J. Riveline: Board Member; Abbott, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi, Eli Lilly and Company, Medtronic, Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Air Liquide, AstraZeneca. G. Prevost: Board Member; Abbott. A. Andrieu: None. M. Joubert: Consultant; Abbott, Medtronic, Dexcom, Inc. P. Oriot: Research Support; Abbott. A. Penfornis: Speaker's Bureau; Sanofi, Dexcom, Inc., Diabeloop SA. Board Member; AstraZeneca. Speaker's Bureau; Novo Nordisk, Lilly Diabetes. Board Member; Novo Nordisk, Bayer Inc. Advisory Panel; Abbott, Sanofi. J. Philips: Consultant; Sanofi, Novo Nordisk, Abbott, Avazzia, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company. J. Julla: Speaker's Bureau; Lilly Diabetes, Novo Nordisk. Board Member; Sanofi. E. Cosson: Advisory Panel; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Lilly Diabetes, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Roche Diagnostics, Novartis AG, Amgen Inc.

Funding

Abbott Diabetes Care
104-OR: State-Dependent Activity in Hindbrain Glucagon-Like Peptide 1—Producing Neurons Regulates Consummatory and Valence Behavior through Functionally Interconnected Hypothalamic and Limbic Circuits
Authors: DURAN MIGUEL , VIRKUS SONJA , MCMICHEN KYLIE A. , ANDRADE CAVALCANTE MORAES YASLLE , YADAV ESHITA , SINGH JAGJOT K. , FOKAKIS ZOE , STOCKING SAMANTHA Q. , POOLE SAMUEL O. , HUNTER CHAD S. , HABEGGER KIRK M. , HARDAWAY JAMES A.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) therapeutics have experienced a meteoric rise in adoption, but our understanding of the endogenous systems that produce GLP-1 and how they regulate behavior remain incomplete. Preproglucagon neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (GcgNTS neurons) are the primary source of GLP-1 in the brain. In this study, we examined the neurophysiological and causal contributions of GcgNTS neurons to consummatory and valence behavior.

Methods: electrophysiology, in vivo optogenetics, fiber photometry.

Results: Using electrophysiology, we observed that GcgNTS neuron neural firing and excitability is reduced in response to 24-hour food deprivation that varied by sex. Conversely, GcgNTS neurons significantly increase their firing rate after a brief 1-hour chow refeed after food deprivation. Consistent with this, GcgNTS neurons display elevated Fos levels following binge-like consumption of palatable high-fat diet. Using in vivo optogenetics, we observed that optogenetic activation of GcgNTS neurons produced anxiety and negative valence that varied by sex. High-frequency activation of GcgNTS neurons also reduced feeding and appetitive behavior. Interestingly, high-frequency activation of GcgNTS neurons produced lasting effects that persisted after cessation of laser illumination. Using a novel transgenic mouse, Gcg-IRES-FlpO, crossed to Glp1r-Cre mice combined with viral and transgenic reporters, we found that GcgNTS neurons and Glp1r neurons in the hypothalamus and amygdala make reciprocal connections. Currently, we are measuring functional connections between GcgNTS neurons and Glp1r neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and amygdala.

Conclusions: GcgNTS neurons control valence and consumption, interacting with an interconnected GLP-1R-expressing network in the hypothalamus and amygdala.

Disclosure

M. Duran: None. S. Virkus: None. K.A. McMichen: None. Y. Andrade Cavalcante Moraes: None. E. Yadav: None. J.K. Singh: None. Z. Fokakis: None. S.Q. Stocking: None. S.O. Poole: None. C.S. Hunter: None. K.M. Habegger: Research Support; Eli Lilly and Company. Consultant; Glyscend Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Glyscend Inc. Consultant; Merck & Co., Inc. Research Support; Novo Nordisk. Advisory Panel; Abvance Therapeutics. J.A. Hardaway: None.

Funding

K01DK115902R03DK129561P30DK079626P30DK056336
1304-P: MODY Calculator Overestimates MODY Probability in Multiethnic Cohort with Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Phenotype
Authors: KREIENKAMP RAYMOND J. , SHIELDS BEVERLEY , POLLIN TONI I. , TOSUR MUSTAFA , SHAH AMY S. , LIESE ANGELA D. , PIHOKER CATHERINE , SRINIVASAN SHYLAJA , HATTERSLEY ANDREW T. , UDLER MIRIAM , REDONDO MARIA J.
Published: July 2024

Introduction & Objective: Identifying monogenic diabetes (MODY) remains a challenge for clinicians. Shields and colleagues developed a widely used MODY probability calculator (https://www.diabetesgenes.org/) based on clinical measures to assist in this decision. Because the calculator was developed in a predominantly adult White European population without any pediatric T2D cases, we sought to test its accuracy in ProDiGY, a multiethnic cohort with clinician-diagnosed T2D under age 20.

Methods: MODY calculator probabilities were computed for 615 youth with clinician-diagnosed T2D (n=147 in SEARCH, n=468 in TODAY; overall, >60% non-White), including 20 participants with MODY (3%). Given the longitudinal design of these studies, MODY probability was calculated for each participant at multiple time points, allowing maximum and median probabilities.

Results: Of the 20 individuals with MODY, 19 (95%) had a >60% median probability of having MODY. However, this calculator overestimated the probability in participants with no MODY variant detected. In fact, 85% of individuals without MODY had a maximum probability >60% of having MODY, and 67% had a median probability >60%. Family history of diabetes did not discriminate diabetes type with more T2D patients having a parent affected (64% v 55% in MODY). In contrast, HbA1c and BMI each had discriminatory capacity (ROC AUC >0.67).

Conclusion: In a group of multi-ethnic youth with diabetes, the MODY calculator correctly identified those with MODY but overestimated the probability for those with a clinical phenotype of T2D, likely due to young age at diagnosis and high proportion with positive family history of diabetes.

Disclosure

R.J. Kreienkamp: None. B. Shields: None. T.I. Pollin: None. M. Tosur: None. A.S. Shah: None. A.D. Liese: None. C. Pihoker: None. S. Srinivasan: None. A.T. Hattersley: None. M. Udler: Other Relationship; Up-To-Date. M.J. Redondo: None.

Funding

RJK is supported by NIH T32DK007699. SS is supported by NIH K23DK120932 and R03DK138213. MJR is supported by NIH NIDDK R01DK124395.
1552-P: Mutations with Residual CFTR Function Are Associated to Better Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: FOPPIANI ANDREA , CICIRIELLO FABIANA , ALGHISI FEDERICO , LUCIDI VINCENZINA , SILEO FEDERICA , CRISTINA LUCANTO MARIA , CORTI FABIOLA , COLOMBO CARLA , BATTEZZATI ALBERTO
Published: July 2024

People with Cystic Fibrosis (pwCF) exhibit a defect of insulin secretion[1], potentially leading to Cystic Fibrosis Related Diabetes. Little information exists about the molecular mechanism that links the defect of insulin secretion to the CF-causing variants of the CFTR gene[2,3]. We sought to describe the relationship between the CFTR function and β-cell function in pwCF. We studied 341 patients (193 (57%) females, 271 (79%) pancreatic insufficient, median (IQR) age 19 (15, 24) years) with the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), sampling glucose, insulin, and C-peptide before and every 30 minutes over the 2 hour OGTT, modeling β-cell function expressed by the β-cell glucose sensitivity[4]. Each patient was characterized by either having at least one allele with a residual function mutation (group 1, 85 (25%)), or a minimal function mutation on both alleles (group 2, 255 (75%) ). After adjusting for sex, pancreatic insufficiency (PI), and age, patients in group 1 displayed better glucose tolerance at all OGTT timepoint (all p=<0.05), and better β-cell glucose sensitivity (22 pmol×min⁻¹×m⁻²×mM⁻¹; 95% CI 9.6, 34; p=<0.001).Within the whole sample, 162 patients (82 (51%) females, 136 (84%) of group 2, 139 (86%) pancreatic insufficient, median (IQR) age 20 (15, 25) years) carried variants on both alleles that had been tested for chloride conductance in the Fischer Rat Thyroid cell line (http://cftr2.org). The mean chloride conductance of the most functional allele was positively related to β-cell glucose sensitivity (0.96; 95% CI 0.13, 1.8; p=0.025), with no PI interaction (interaction term -0.63; 95% CI -3.7, 2.4; p=0.7), and adjusting for differences in sex and age.

In conclusion, we have shown that CFTR function is quantitatively related to β-cell function in pwCF. Even though exocrine PI is associated with worse β-cell function, the association of CFTR residual function and β-cell glucose sensitivity is not necessarily mediated by exocrine PI.

Disclosure

A. Foppiani: None. F. Ciciriello: None. F. Alghisi: None. V. Lucidi: None. F. Sileo: None. M. Lucanto: None. F. Corti: None. C. Colombo: None. A. Battezzati: None.

Funding

Cystic Fibrosis Research Foundation FFC#16/2005, FFC#21/2013, FFC#20/2016, and FFC#24/2019
1563-P: High Fat and Fructose Feeding Severely Impairs Hepatic Glucose Effectiveness but Not Insulin Action Under Euglycemic Conditions
Authors: EDGERTON DALE S. , KRAFT GUILLAUME , WATERMAN HANNAH L. , FARMER BEN , YANKEY KALISHA , SMITH MARTA S. , HASTINGS JON R. , SCOTT MELANIE , CHERRINGTON ALAN D.
Published: July 2024

Diets high in fat and fructose (HFHF) disrupt glucose metabolism. This study compared the effects of a HFHF diet on liver insulin action vs glucose effectiveness. Dogs were fed either a chow or HFHF diet for 1 month. At the start of each study, 3-3H-glucose was infused and after a basal sampling period, somatostatin and basal glucagon were given. During the experimental period (4h) either insulin was infused into the hepatic portal vein at 4 fold basal, while glucose was delivered to maintain euglycemia (CHOW-INS and HFHF-INS), or glucose was infused to increase its level 2.5 fold, while insulin was maintained at basal (CHOW-GLC and HFHF-GLC) (n=6/grp). Plasma insulin, glucagon, glucose, and hepatic glucose load were matched within the respective groups. In response to selective hyperinsulinemia, net hepatic glucose balance (NHGB) was suppressed from output to uptake (basal period to last h; 1.2±0.1 to -1.0±0.2 vs 1.7±0.2 to 0.0±0.1; deltas of 2.2±0.2 vs 1.6±0.3 mg/kg/min in CHOW-INS vs HFHF-INS, respectively; p=0.2). Selective hyperglycemia, on the other hand, caused changes in NHGB of 1.1±0.2 to -2.5±0.4 vs 1.4±0.1 to 1.7±0.6; deltas of 3.6±0.4 vs -0.3±0.6 mg/kg/min in CHOW-GLC vs HFHF-GLC, respectively (p<0.001). Glucose turnover (Ra) was suppressed (basal period to last h) by 1.7±0.3 vs 1.3±0.1 mg/kg/min (p=0.4) in CHOW-INS vs HFHF-INS, and by 1.9±0.2 vs 0.5±0.1 mg/kg/min (p<0.001) in CHOW-GLC vs HFHF-GLC, respectively. Thus, the HFHF diet had a small, non-significant effect on liver insulin action under euglycemic conditions, whereas it severely impaired the effect of hyperglycemia in the presence of basal insulin (i.e. hepatic glucose effectiveness). These data demonstrate that the “gold standard” hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp may overlook substantial diet induced liver dysfunction. Furthermore, Ra accounts for glucose production but not liver uptake, thus has the potential to miss critical and substantial changes in liver glucose metabolism.

Disclosure

D.S. Edgerton: None. G. Kraft: None. H.L. Waterman: None. B. Farmer: None. K. Yankey: None. M.S. Smith: None. J.R. Hastings: None. M. Scott: None. A.D. Cherrington: Consultant; Abvance Therapeutics. Research Support; Abvance Therapeutics. Advisory Panel; AdipoPharma. Research Support; Cellular Longevity, Inc. dba Loyal. Advisory Panel; Fractyl Health, Inc. Consultant; Fractyl Health, Inc. Research Support; Fractyl Health, Inc. Consultant; Novo Nordisk. Research Support; Novo Nordisk. Consultant; Paratus, Portal Insulin. Advisory Panel; Sekkei Bio, Sensulin Labs, LLC. Consultant; Thetis Pharmaceuticals, LLC.

Funding

R01DK18243
350-OR: Parturition Event Regulates Endocrine Genesis during Pancreas Differentiation
Authors: SUZUKI AGENA , TAGUCHI TOMOMI , ITO SHIORI , SHIMOTATARA HIDEAKI , KIMURA KAORI , SHIMIZU NAOYA , FUJISHIMA REI , HIMURO MIWA , MIYATSUKA TAKESHI
Published: July 2024

It is essential to decipher developmental features of each endocrine cell, which leads to exploring efficient methods for generating surrogate β cells. We previously developed three reporter mouse lines to quantify the genesis of endocrine progenitor cells, β cells, and α cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a significant decrease in the number of newly-generated endocrine progenitors and β cells after birth. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that environmental changes during parturition could affect endocrine genesis. The number of newly-generated endocrine cells was quantified with the reporter mouse lines at the following stages: (i) embryonic day 19.5 (E19.5) embryos, whose parturitions were prolonged by progesterone or COX-1 inhibitor SC-560 vs. newborn pups at postnatal day 0.5 (P0.5) (both were dissected at 19.5 days after coitus), and (ii) premature pups treated with anti-progesterone drug RU-486 (both were at 18.5 days after coitus) vs. E18.5 embryos. Flow cytometry with Neurog3-Timer pancreata demonstrated that the percentage of green-fluorescent progenitors was (i) significantly higher in E19.5 embryos than in P0.5 pups (0.80% vs. 0.22%, p<0.001), and (ii) significantly lower in premature pups than in E18.5 embryos (0.66% vs. 0.93%, p=0.0018). Likewise, flow cytometry with Ins1-Timer pancreata resulted in a significant increase in β-cell genesis at E19.5 than at P0.5 (0.36% vs. 0.16%, p<0.001). Surprisingly, flow cytometry with Gcg-Timer mice resulted in (i) a significant decrease in α-cell genesis at E19.5 than at P0.5 (2.1% vs. 2.4%, p=0.035), and (ii) a significant increase in premature pups 18.5 days after coitus than in E18.5 embryos (0.77% vs. 0.58%, p=0.022), which is in contrast with the findings in Neurog3-Timer and Ins1-Timer pancreata. Thus, parturition events suppress the generation of endocrine progenitors and β cells, but not α-cell genesis, which may reflect distinct molecular mechanisms in α-cell lineage during parturition.

Disclosure

A. Suzuki: None. T. Taguchi: None. S. Ito: None. H. Shimotatara: None. K. Kimura: None. N. Shimizu: None. R. Fujishima: None. M. Himuro: None. T. Miyatsuka: None.
Physiotherapy Management in Cases of Spasticity Hemiparese Sinistra ec Ischemic Cerebrovascular Accident a Case Report
Authors: Zulfatirrohman Atikah Itsna , Naufal Adnan Faris , Nasuka Muhammad
Published: July 2024

A cerebrovascular accident or often referred to as a stroke is a clinical condition that occurs when the circulation of blood flow to the brain is disrupted due to a blockage of blood vessels or due to bleeding. The problem in this case is related to the low LGS value as measured using a goniometer, reduced muscle strength using the MMT value, related to the balance value as measured using the berg balance scale, there is pain as measured using the NRS value and the presence of spasticity as measured by using the Asworth scale, as well as decreased functional ability with the Barthel index and incorrect gait patterns. The physiotherapy intervention given in this study is by giving Infrared, Core stability exercise, Exercise therapy, and Gait Retraining Exercises. This research method uses a case report. The result is an increase in the value of LGS, MMT, berg balance scale, and there is a reduction in the value of pain, spasticity and improvement in gait patterns. But there is no change in the value of functional ability.
The Effect of Stretching and Strengthening Exercises on Reducing Pain and Functional Disorders in Subacromial Pain Syndrome: A Literature Review
Authors: Wahyuni Wahyuni , Randa Meybi
Published: July 2024

Background: Shoulder pain is the third most common pain in musculoskeletal cases, after lower back and knee pain. These complaints are caused by various things, including subacromial pain syndrome. Subacromial pain syndrome is a synonym for rotator cuff syndrome, which refers to all non-traumatic unilateral shoulder problems involving the structures surrounding the subacromial.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stretching and strengthening exercises on reducing pain and functional impairment in subacromial pain syndrome.
Method: The method used is a literature review with a narrative type. The data for the selected publication articles are RCTs for 2013-2022 in English. Search publication articles using search PEDro, and Google Scholar which are classified into inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis by assessing the quality of journals using the PEDro scale, outline literature review of the PICO method and data synthesis.
Results: Strengthening (eccentric, isometric) and stretching exercises on the posterior shoulder and rotator cuff or scapular in the short term have an effect on reducing pain (VAS), as well as a significant improvement in function (DASH scale).
Pengalaman Peserta Didik Kelas 1 SD Dalam Menggunakan Quizizz Sebagai Sarana Belajar Interaktif
Authors: Zaki Dhamayanti1 Miki , Hidayati Dian , Hasanah Enung , Sukirman Sukirman
Published: July 2024

This research aims to understand and explore the experiences of 1st grade elementary school students in using Quizizz as an interactive learning medium. Each student's learning experience can vary based on various factors such as individual preferences, learning methods, and their educational background. Therefore, the focus of this research is to understand more deeply how these students interact with Quizizz, starting from their level of motivation to their experience in practical use of this application as well as seeing how this tool influences their motivation, participation and academic achievement. This type of research is qualitative research with the research method used, namely descriptive. The data collection process is carried out through purposive sampling where the researcher decides to determine the individuals and locations to study and understand the central phenomenon. This research was conducted at SD Muhammadiyah Tonggalan Klaten, namely in class 1D with 1 teacher and 10 students. The data collection process was carried out using in-depth structured interviews with class 1D teachers. Next, for 10 students, a focus group discussion (FGD) was carried out which was divided into 2 sessions with each session consisting of 5 students. Using Quizizz as an interactive learning tool for 1st grade elementary school students provides a positive experience and has an impact on their learning motivation. Students enjoy the interactivity, variety of questions, and gaming elements offered by this platform. Positive impacts are also seen in increasing students' active participation, self-confidence and intrinsic motivation. From a teacher's perspective, Quizizz is considered effective in enhancing learning and providing a useful evaluation tool. Therefore, the integration of Quizizz in 1st grade elementary school learning can be considered a positive step to improve the quality of education through the effective use of technology.
Manajemen Pemanfaatan Website dan Instagram Sebagai Sarana Promosi untuk Meningkatkan Branding Sekolah
Authors: Siti Aisyah  , Hidayati Dian , Budi Santosa Achadi , Widodo Hendro
Published: July 2024

In the field of education, social media has a contribution to improving school branding. SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Bandung city took advantage of this opportunity as a means of promoting the school to make it better known to the wider community. The aim of this research is to determine the use of school websites and Instagram as promotional tools to improve school branding. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. he instruments used in this research were the principal, deputy principal for Student Affairs, deputy principal for Public Relations, website and Instagram admin. The results of this research are that schools utilize social media, especially websites and Instagram, optimally with comprehensive management; consist of good planning, clear organization, implementation that follows the school's agenda both intra and extra, as well as regular evaluation. The effectiveness of website and Instagram media can be seen from the number of views, likes, comments and additional followers from regular and continuous posts, which also has an impact on the top position in Google searches and the Instagram application. There are several obstacles in optimizing the use of school accounts, but there are future plans to develop and improve these social media accounts for optimal results in promoting school branding
Upaya Peningkatan Disiplin Kinerja Guru Dalam Mewujudkan Mutu Pendidikan Berbasis Total Quality Management
Authors: Maharani Putri Kastari Alisya , Destanty lubis Alvinna , Lydia Putri Tiatir Jacqlien , Santy Yerkohok Susana , Supriyanto Achmad
Published: July 2024

This research is based on the concepts and implications of efforts to improve the quality of education using a Total Quality Management (TQM) based approach, especially in the context of improving teacher performance discipline. This research aims to outline the importance of implementing TQM in improving the quality of education through increasing the discipline of teacher performance as well as identifying concrete solutions that can be taken to improve teacher performance in educational institutions. The research method used is a literature review study or literature study referring to the prism standard flow of searching for papers based on keywords from a website in the form of Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Emerald Insight. Then the researcher’s group with identification, screening and include stages then review the findings regarding TQM in schools and its impact on teacher work discipline and education quality. The results found that teacher performance discipline is a very important aspect in the educational context because it has a significant impact on the quality of education. However, there are still findings that there are irregularities in disciplinary practices carried out by teachers in a few educational institutions.
Tendensi Pola Komunikasi Interaksional di SMK PGRI 2 Jember (Kajian Etnografi Komunikasi)
Authors: Yusnita Titis Rizka , Haryono Akhmad , Badrudin Ali
Published: July 2024

Each individual's language skills influence the effectiveness of ongoing communication interactions andthis is in line with optimizing the communication goals themselves. This research aims to identify trendsin interactional communication patterns that occur at SMK PGRI 2 Jember and describe the types ofconversation topics and language boundaries that influence the meanings that emerge behind thespeaker's actions. This research was analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods. The data in thisresearch is in the form of communication interactions that occur consistently and contain interactionalcommunication patterns. The data acquisition stage is through observation and recording the finding ofcommunication patterns. Data were analyzed using the ethnographic communication theory proposedby Spradley and supported by literature study. The stage of presenting the results of data analysis usesinformal methods. The research results show that interactional communication patterns are brokendown into several mappings, namely between students and students, students and teachers, andteachers and teachers. The communication patterns that occur tend to have a systematic consistencythat is formed naturally and operates interactionally. The topics of discussion that emerged ininteractions between participants focused on several specific themes, namely learning, administration,finance, entertainment and friendship problems. Meanwhile, topics that are avoided in conversationinclude political contexts, bullying and social mistakes. The languages used in communicationinteractions consist of Indonesian, Madurese, Javanese and English. This is influenced by the geographical location of SMK PGRI 2 Jember which is located near the center of Jember Regency.
Nilai Edukatif-Transformatif dalam Novel Epos Madame Kalinyamat Karya Zhaenal Fanani
Authors: Muryanti  , Widayati Mukti , Sudiyana Benedictus
Published: July 2024

Educative-transformative refers to the nature or characteristics of an educational process that is transformative. Transformative education focuses on profound changes in how a person thinks and acts, encouraging critical and reflective learning. One source of educative-transformative values can be found in the literary work, the novel *Madame Kalinyamat* by Zhaenal Fanani. Here, the source of educativetransformative values is literature, specifically a novel that addresses various life, economic, political, and socio-cultural issues arising from the competition for the throne in the Kingdom of Demak.This research aims to elucidate the transformative educational values found in Madame Kalinyamat and to describe its relevance as teaching material for the Merdeka Curriculum in Indonesian subject. Qualitative methods are used in this research. Data collection methods include note-taking, reading, and literature review. Dialectical analysis is part of the data analysis process. The research results identified several transformative educational values in Zhaenal Fanani's novel Madame Kalinyamat, including the religious value about a wife's loyalty to her husband based on devotion to God, moral and character values such as discipline, independence, firmness, and affection, as well as social values emphasizing healthy interpersonal relationships without demeaning others, exemplified by Queen Kalinyamat's relationship with her attendants. Additionally, the novel highlights gender equality between men and women in various aspects of life.
Transformasi Ruang Publik Digital: Studi Kasus Komentar Netizen dalam Akun Curhat
Authors: Sekar Kasih Arum Rindu , Maharani Tisa
Published: July 2024

In the current era of digital technology, the various digital platforms available in the form of social media mean that anyone can express as many things as they wish. Social media seems to be a personal "journal" but can be connected to the virtual world community or netizens so that netizens can also monitor the social media activities of each individual. One of the uses of social media by netizens is as a place to "talk" and respond to each other. These netizens do not know each other personally in the digital space. Uniquely, they do not hesitate to express personal experiences, then netizens respond ideally when the speaker and the interlocutor communicate directly. Cermin Lelaki's Instagram account presents a social media concept that is used as a forum for receiving men's conversations with various life problems. The story was then shared with the public and received many comments from netizens. Using the method of observing the language interactions of netizen comments on the Cermin Lelaki account, this research aims to explore netizen comments in response to venting and explore the extent to which the existence of digital public space can shape configurations or patterns of language activity from netizen comments. Language activities in netizen interactions are influenced by many underlying factors.
Representasi the Other dalam Novel Cinta Putih di Bumi Papua Karya Dzikry El Han: Tinjauan Sastra Perjalanan Carl Thompson
Authors: Kasimbara Devi Cintia , Wahyuningsih
Published: July 2024

Travel literature is a work that writes about the author's experience when traveling to a new andunfamiliar place. This research aims to raise and explore the form of representation of The Otherdescribed by Dzikry el Han in the novel Cinta Putih di Bumi Papua. The research method used in thisstudy is qualitative. By using Carl Thompson's travel writing theory, this paper will reveal the author'sculture and Papuan culture told in the novel. The results show that in the novel Cinta Putih di BumiPapua, there are various colonial discourses that are demeaning and othering the Papua people.Although the travel literature written by Dzikry is based on accurate data, it should be noted that thefact that a society consists of various individuals who have various characters so that it can be concludedthat travel literature will not be able to cover a society in a culture perfectly because the society consistsof various individuals who have their own life stories so that it would not be fair to judge a culturewithout seeing it as a whole.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity Test fo Ethanol Extract of Kluwih Leaves (Artocarpus camansi Blanco) on Male Wistar White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Nofiyanti Laela Suci , Sunarti  , Samodra Galih
Published: July 2024

Inflammation occurs when the body reacts to infection, irritation, or other damage. Some compounds in kluwih leaves are believed to have anti-inflammatory potential, one of which is flavonoids. The aim of this study was to find out the activity and effective dosage of the ethanol extract from kluwih leaves as an anti-inflammatory in male white Wistar rats. The experimental animals were divided into five groups: the negative control group (0.5% Na-CMC), the positive control group (Na-diclofenac), and the three treatment groups were given ethanol extract from kluwih leaves at doses of 175, 350, and 700 mg/KgBW orally. After 30 minutes, the soles of the rats' feet were induced with 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan subplantarly. Edema volume was assessed every 1 hour for 6 hours using a plethysmometer. The data was statistically analyzed using One-Way ANOVA with LSD post hoc test. The research data shows that the ethanol extract of kluwih leaves at doses 175, 350, and 700 mg/KgBW has anti-inflammatory activity. The effective dose of kluwih leaf ethanol extract was 700 mg/KgBW (28.68%) with the second highest percentage of anti-inflammatory power value after the positive control group (31.75%). The LSD (Least Significant Difference) results indicate that the ethanol extract of kluwih leaf at a dose of 700 mg/KgBW does not show a significant difference in its anti-inflammatory effect with the positive control (0.442>0.05).
Review on Pre-clinical Antimicrobial Assay
Authors: Febrimarsa Febrimarsa
Published: July 2024

Pre-clinical antimicrobial testing is one costly step in antimicrobial drugs development. Costly effective methods in performing the in vitro and in vivo assay as part of pre-clinical stage is critical. We reviewed the current development of this stage. We found that standardization of agar diffusion techniques and measurement of minimal inhibitory concentrations in broth dilution methods serve as the primary reference for in vitro antimicrobial testing. In vivo, moral issues, ethics, costs, and the correlation of using animal models with human physiological conditions enforce us to seek alternative systems or animal models. Organ-on-a-Chip (OC) emerges as an ethically sound alternative system, yet in terms of cost and simulation of physiological conditions, there is still much progress to be made. Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) and waxmoth (Galleria mellonella) are currently the main alternative animal models that are more affordable, simple, and ethically sound compared to worms, silkworms, mice, and primates. Artemia spp. and Hydractinia spp. have the potential to become new alternative animal models in simulating microbial infections and the efficacies of the antimicrobial that fight against it in the future.