bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toxicological, antibacterial and anti-quorum activity of extracts of medicinal plants Betula spp., Hypericum spp. and Angelica spp.
Authors: Inchagova K S , Kosyan D B , Rusakova E A , Duskaev G K
Published: September 2020

Quorum sensing plays an important role in the infectious process development in plants, animals and humans. Inhibiting this phenomenon may be a new way to treat bacterial infections in therapeutic practice. Similar studies are being conducted all over the world and several approaches to inhibiting quorum-dependent processes are currently being presented. Folk remedies, which include, in particular, medicinal plants, can become an alternative tool for fighting bacterial pathogens to traditionally used antibacterial substances that have lost their former effectiveness, due to the widespread spread of antibiotic resistance. In this work, the toxicological, antibacterial and anti-quorum properties of the extracts of Betula spp. leaf, Hypericum spp. herb and Angelica spp. root were studied. Testing the extracts of Betula spp. leaf, Hypericum spp. herb and Angelica spp. root showed a minor toxicological effect on the recombinant luminescent strain Escherichia coli, which is manifested at high concentrations of the substance being tested. Similar results were obtained on another test object Stylonychia mytilus, for which the maximum toxicological effect was observed in the concentration range of 5.0-10.0 mg / ml for Betula spp. leaf and Hypericum spp. herb, and 10.0 mg / ml for Angelica spp. root. Against this background, quorum-inhibiting activity of the studied plant extracts was registered, increasing in the series Angelica spp. → Hypericum spp. → Betula spp.
Immunomorphological changes in bird staphylococcus
Authors: Pavlova A V , Pimenov N V , Konstantinov A V , Bordyugova S S
Published: September 2020

Staphylococcosis in birds is everywhere and belongs to the number of ubiquitous bacterioses. The etiology and pathogenesis of this infectious disease are directly related to the immune status of susceptible individuals. In a practical aspect, the evaluation of the immune system is based on the characterization of immunocompetent organs. A special place in solving the problem of treatment of staphylococcal infection is the study of age-related morphology of immunocompetent organs. The article presents the data of histological studies of the thymus, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius during critical periods of broiler chickens’ cultivation when exposed to them with immunocorrection drugs of plant origin. Morphological changes in the immunocompetent organs when using the antibiotic florfenicol and the echinacea purpurea root against the background of the antigenic effect of the chickens Staphylococcus aureus on the body indicate the immunotropic effect of the antibiotics of the amphenicol group, as well as the immunomodulating properties of the drug based on echinacea purpurea.
Structure peculiarities of Pinus sylvestris L. consortium
Authors: Turmukhametova N V , Bedova P V , Vorobeva I G
Published: September 2020

The structure of Pinus sylvestris L. consortium of various ontogenetic conditions in the regions of the Republic of Mari El and the city of Yoshkar-Ola in the territory of Russia is described. Based on modern methods of collecting arthropod animals in tree crowns and studying the structure of consortium, data analysis has been performed. With P. sylvestris coenopopulations, 73 species of Insecta and Arachnida are associated. The dominant species diversity is Coleoptera. The trophic groups of Insecta and Aranei, the groups in the breadth of the range of nutrition and harmfulness are characterized. It is shown that the diversity of Insecta and Aranei complexes in P. sylvestris coenopopulations is determined by the age features of the tree and the ecological conditions of the study areas. Consideration of the ontogenetic state of the determinant of the consortium and analysis of the formation of different types of integumentary tissue contributes to the prediction of the stages of colonization and damage to trees by harmful Insecta. It was suggested that for the detailed characterization of the consortium, it is necessary to organize a long-term monitoring of the state of tree stands and the composition of their consorts using the population-ontogenetic approach.
Identification of relationship of polymorphic variants of lactoferrin gene (LTF) in cows with milk production indicators depending on their lineage
Authors: Zinnatov Farit F , Zinnatova Farida F , Akhmetov Takhir M , Volkov Renat A , Hairullin Damir D , Bikchantaev Irek T , Valieva Elvira A , Yu Smolentsev Sergey
Published: September 2020

Dairy farming is striving to achieve positive results both in milk production increase and quality improvement. Unfortunately, the conventional breeding selection system does not consider the genotypic identity that reflects the level and direction of the processes occurring in the organism. The modern breeding selection is based on the selection by a set of features. In breeding, those animals that have more valuable characteristics are considered valuable. Animal husbandry can achieve great success only when analyzing the biology of the animal body and productivity. In order to increase the genetic potential of cows in Russia, it is necessary to take into account genetics and milk productivity. Analysis of milk productivity of cows with different LTF genotype in their pedigrees showed that the maximum milk yield was in cows of the Ayvengo line with the LTFAB genotype. These cows were distinguished from other cows by their high protein content, and these animals had the lactoferrin gene. And the animals of the Ayvengo line differed in the level of fat in milk. The comparative PCR-RFLP analysis of the blood DNA samples of the first-calf Holstein cows showed the benefit virtually by all milk production indicators (milk yield, milk protein and fat), including by somatic cell content in milk of the Ayvengo and Sovereign line cows with the LTFAB genotype. The Aydial line stock with the LTFAB genotype is worthy of notice regarding the selection activity.
Characterization of high virulent strains of equine rhinopneumonitis virus
Authors: Alexeyenkova S V , Yurov K P
Published: September 2020

This article presents results of screening samples collected from horses during acute outbreaks of abortion and neurological disorders recorded in 2019-2020 in Russia. The signs of disease were characterized by severe hemorrhagic vasculitis. Massive hemorrhages were observed in organs of aborted fetuses and dead horses. Equine herpesvirus type one was isolated in cell culture. Testing to identify genes encoding glycoprotein B and polymerase catalytic subunit of certain viral isolates were carried out. Virus isolated from horses with signs of encephalomyelitis from the Northwest region had a high degree of phylogenetic relationship with the strain “89c25” of equine herpesvirus type one from Japan, 1989. The same virus was found in horses with signs of rhinopneumonia from the Ural region. The virus isolated after equine abortion from the North Caucasus region had a high degree of phylogenetic relationship with the strain “IT19m10” of equine herpesvirus type one from Italy, 2019. It was established that all viral isolates belong to non-neuropathogenic genotype - A2254.
Evaluating the UV radiation effectiveness in industrial aquaculture
Authors: Bychkova L I , Nikiforov-Nikishin D L , Ponomarev A K , Bugaev O G
Published: September 2020

The paper presents an analysis of the bacterial purification effectiveness by UV radiation of wastewater in modern industrial aquaculture recirculation systems. the effectiveness of water purification in the ultrasound system by a set of filters for mechanical treatment and ultraviolet radiation is experimentally established. UV lamp allows to process water with rays that effectively destroy the organic matter formed in it. Pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic genera, such as: Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Vibrio, Enterobacteria were differentiated.
Age-related changes in the anti-radical defense system in the tissues of Yesso scallop Mizuhopecten Yessoensis (JAY1857)
Authors: Zhukovskaya A F , Dovzhenko N V , Slobodskova V V , Chelomin V P
Published: September 2020

The glutathione level and the total oxyradical scavenging capacity in the digestive gland and the gills of the Yesso scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis individuals of different ages (2-7 years) have been studied. The research revealed the tissue-specific high glutathione content in the gills of the scallop and the age-related decline tendency of glutathione level in the digestive gland. TOSC as a complex antioxidant capacity indicator is less tissue-specific but also depends on age.
Cytogenetic disturbances in the apical meristem cells of the urban plantations depending on the level of anthropogenic impact
Authors: Ladnova G G , Kurochitskaya M G , Chernikov N E
Published: September 2020

The scope of this research covered cytogenetic indexes of the apical meristem cells of the urban plantations of small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata L.) and silver poplar (Populus alba L.) growing in the areas of different anthropogenic pollution load, such as parks, public gardens, and urban plantation areas along the municipal motorways. The cytogenetic disturbances of the linden and poplar apical meristem cells were studied based on the incidence of micronuclei and nucleus protrusions of different forms. Buds for the analysis were collected from the tree height of 1.5-2 m in the spring season, in March-April. The collected buds were preserved in aceto-alcohol, then the apical meristem cell microslides were prepared and coloured with acetocarmine. The karyological characteristics were analysed and quoted according to the method of L. P. Sycheva. It was demonstrated that the cytogenetic disturbances with the greatest incidence of micronuclei and nucleus protrusion of various types are significantly more frequent in the apical meristem cells of the small-leaved linden and silver poplar buds collected from the plantations along the urban motorways compared to the same indexes of the trees growing in parks and public gardens. Compared to the same cells of silver poplar, the apical meristem cells of the small-leaved linden buds were found to be more sensitive to the technogenic pollution of the environment. The apical meristem cells of the buds of the studied trees and small-leaved linden in particular may serve as the genotoxicity indicators of the urban environment.
Productivity and grain quality of a new spring wheat variety Stolypinka depending on the rates of mineral fertilizers under conditions of the Pre-Baikal region
Authors: Sultanov F S , Yudin A A , Gabdrakhimov O B
Published: September 2020

The presented article reveals the extent of mineral fertilizers impact on plant growth and development, and the ripening periods of a new spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Stolypinka. The research objectives included the study of the influence of mineral fertilizer rates on yield structure, productivity, grain quality and economic efficiency of the variety Stolypinka. Field observations and the laboratory analysis of the data obtained proved the positive effect of mineral fertilizers on the yield structure components (the amount of productive stems, the number of kernels in a spike, the weight of 1000 seeds) in the studied cultivar. As a result of the research it has been found that the application of fertilizers at the rate for the planned yield is optimal for obtaining the maximum yield 3.5 t/ha of good quality grain containing the crude protein 15.8 % and gluten 32.3 %. In terms of economic efficiency, at the rates of fertilizers application N30 and N60 we have got the highest payback output (8.2 and 9.0 thousand rub./ha, respectively) and the lowest prime cost of 1 t grain (4.6 and 4.7 thousand rub./ha, respectively). The highest level of profitability (92.3 %) was observed in the option with the application of sole nitrogen at the rate 30 kg of active substance per 1 ha. Of the variants with a complex mineral fertilizer, using N60P45К45 is the most expedient in case of the gross grain harvest in the amount recouping the invested production costs.
Influence of microbiological preparations on spring wheat yield
Authors: Ivanova I , Ilina S , Dementiev D
Published: September 2020

Based on the research carried out on light-gray forest soils of the Chuvash Republic, elements of spring wheat cultivation technology were developed and recommended for production, ensuring the formation of a t/ha yield with an increase of t / ha in relation to control. Evidence-based data on more effective use of microbiological preparations were obtained.
The effect of organic fertilizers on the cellulolytic activity of the soil and rooting of cuttings of Ribes rubrum L
Authors: Bopp V L
Published: September 2020

In a field experiment, the effect of organo-mineral fertilizers based on zeolites, peat and sapropel deposits of the Krasnoyarsk Territory on the biological activity of leached chernozem and rooting of lignified cuttings Ribes rubrum L. was studied as a test object of the bioecological state of the soil when fertilizers were applied as its cellulose-degrading ability. 4 months after fertilizing, a statistically significant positive effect on the destruction of cellulose in soil layers of 0 - 10 and 10 - 20 cm was exerted by the following organo-mineral fertilizers: peat + zeolite + 20% NPK, peat + zeolite + 30% NPK, peat + sapropel + 10% NPK, as well as diammofosk mineral fertilizer. The studied fertilizers did not have a statistically significant effect on the rhizogenesis of the cuttings of red currant.
Renewable sources of energy in distributed power generation
Authors: Kol’nichegko Georgij I , Tarlakov Yakov V , Sirotov Alexander V
Published: September 2020

Russia as the leading exporter of traditional energy resources is considering renewable energy sources (RES) as autonomous sources of energy, being the basics of a new direction which is being developed intensively now – distributed power generation. In autonomous energy systems based on RES power generation of RES is reserved by means of traditional power supplies. In this case there is a task to create a tracking inverter transforming direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) according to characteristics of a parallel operating AC generator. An inverter designed in Bauman Moscow State Technical University can successfully solve this task and by means makes it real to connect AC and DC generators in order to sum up their capacities in a single electric system.
Regional aspects of atmospheric air
Authors: Bayanova A A
Published: September 2020

Monitoring of atmospheric air in urban and rural areas of the Irkutsk region revealed the presence of pollutants. Air pollution is affected by emissions from the largest industrial enterprises in the aluminum, petrochemical and chemical, woodworking and forest industries of the region; annual forest fires significantly aggravate the situation; small boiler houses, furnace heating contribute. The surveys determined a part of the atmospheric air samples with increased MPC in urban and rural areas. Observations of changes in the specific gravity of air pool samples indicate an increase in the inconsistency of hygiene regulations in Bratsk, Irkutsk and Angarsk. Recommendations on reducing exceeded levels of pollutants are given.
Causes and consequences of flooding of urban agglomerations on the example of Perm
Authors: Kilin Yu A , Minkevich I I
Published: September 2020

The process of flooding on the territory of large cities caused by both natural and technogenic causes. On the example of Perm urban agglomeration, the causes and nature of flooding of built-up areas are identified. Natural causes include the location of the city districts on the low floodplain terraces of the Kama River, widespread weakly permeable clay soils, low degree of relief fragmentation. According to many years of research, a significant role in flooding has a technogenic effect. Based on stock hydro-geological materials and engineering-geological surveys conducted in different districts of the city, the analysis and assessment of the impact of natural and technogenic factors on the flooding processes was carried out. This is due to an increase in groundwater level as a result of loss of natural drainage of the territory, siltation of small rivers, and backfill of ravines. The increasing density of buildings also contributes to the flooding process.
The modification of physical and chemical properties of dark gray forest-steppe soils under the influence of water processes
Authors: Dolgopolova H B , Batrachenko E A
Published: September 2020

Potential fertility is determined by many soil properties; mechanicalcomposition, water-physical and chemical properties, including structure, contentand qualitative composition of humus, humus layer capacity, total nitrogen and phosphorus content, pH, etc. As a result of long-term agricultural use and erosionprocesses, these soil properties undergo significant changes. These changes can go in the direction of both improving and cultivating soils - in scientific farming using techniques to increase their fertility, and depleting, “plowing” the soil, up tothe destruction or a sharp decrease in their fertility by erosion processes - with extensive farming.
Regional aspects of state land monitoring
Authors: Bayanova A A
Published: September 2020

The monitoring of the land use in the Irkutsk and Olkhon districts of the Irkutsk region revealed the presence of negative processes. At the investigated territory, water and wind erosion develop, occupying the largest area of negative changes, landslide-talus processes, which are formed in significant quantities on steep slopes, water logging, flooding, abrasion, which is characteristic mainly of the shoreline of Lake Baikal. Disturbed lands are formed as a result of mining, geological exploration and survey work, construction, and forest management. Warehousing and burial of industrial and household waste leads to littering and pollution of the territory. Detected negative changes lead to a significant deterioration of land. The obtained updated data will allow taking measures to prevent and eliminate the development of negative processes by improving and restoring land.
The technology of processing and recycling organic waste
Authors: Nikolaeva V M , Borisov A I
Published: September 2020

The article presents the technology developed by the obtained patent for the invention. The liquid phase of the fermented waste is evaporated until dry concentrated fertilizers are obtained. Part of the homogeneous mass is burned, and the biogas is purified by passing through water to obtain biomethane. Water is saturated with organic substances. The air from the production facilities is collected and maintained by the combustion process. The waste gas is cleaned of solid volatile impurities and used to generate electricity. Water is saturated with minerals. The technology provides automation and process control. It provides an increased yield of biomethane, increase in thermal and electrical energy and environmental production.
The characteristics of the Dzhankoy Region Rivers and Dzhankoy Town Okrug of the Republic of the Crimea
Authors: Timchenko Z V , Tabunshchik V A , Zelentsova M G
Published: September 2020

The article focuses on the characteristics of the rivers flowing through the territory of the Dzhankoy region and Dzhankoy town okrug in the Republic of the Crimea (Istochnaya, Tselinnaya, Vygonnaya, Sivash, Zavet-Leninskaya, Mirnovka with Stepnaya, Pobednaya, Stal’naya, Zelyonaya, Gvardeiskaya, Blagodatnaya, Velikosel’skaya). In the main these rivers are temporary watercourses, filled up with water during thaw in winter and after rains. They are slightly inclined from the south to the north. Their headwaters are on the height of little more than 20-30 m, but their estuaries may have negative values of absolute heights. The most characteristic feature of the rivers studied is the fact that their watercourses were straightened and deepened in the 60s-70s of the last century and they began to be used as collectors. It was caused by putting into operation the first stage of the Severo-Krymsky canal. After that the level of ground waters rose and this resulted in water logging of the territory and flooding the settlements. Water discharge depended, in the main, upon dumping of drain water, the volume of which had sharply reduced after cutting off the Dneeper water to the Severo-Krymsky canal.
Environmental safety of galvanic cyber-production
Authors: Gurjanov A V , Zharinov I O , Zharinov O O
Published: September 2020

The galvanic production is an industry direction to produce hazardous for environment technological wastes during the technological operations completion process. The innovative approach to project the galvanic production relates to the engineer cyber-systems (CS) involvement into the cleaning facilities infrastructure to neutralize the industrial wastes. Each CS is specialized in cleaning a particular type of waste until there is only sediment left and hazardous matters are crystallized. The engineer and industrial CS are united with a pipeline communication, which are resistant enough against the wastes aggressive solutions. A separate channel of cleaning is an administrative and household channel where wastes with biological contaminations are being circulated. There is an infrastructure system scheme for the advanced galvanic production cleaning facilities equipped with wastes neutralization engineer CS. The cleaning technologies are described to provide the residue levels of contamination into the outlet galvanic production collecting units to influence minimum-ly the ecology.
Some parameters of the agrochernozems physical and water-physical properties under field crops cultivation in drought conditions
Authors: Vlasenko O A , Khalipsky A N , Stupnitsky D N
Published: September 2020

Studies have established that in a layer of 0-20 cm, the density of soil compaction in all fields of crop rotation was characterized as loose (0.83-0.97 g / cm3), while the humus content was medium and high (5.6 - 7.8%). During the drought, an increase in the density of addition was found to be 1.4-1.1 times in all fields of crop rotation, with the exception of pure steam. Reserves of productive moisture were unsatisfactory and amounted to 10.2 for potato cultivation, soy, and wheat – 14.3 and 15.8 mm, respectively, net fallow land had significantly higher reserves of productive moisture, which amounted to 19.7 mm. After harvesting in September, productive moisture reserves in the 0-20 cm layer reached satisfactory values of 25.8-36.9 mm; the maximum reserve was formed in pure fallow land and during the cultivation of wheat.
Peculiarities of forming the weed component of agrophytocenosis of corn hybrids depending on the methods of basic soil treatment in the temperate moisture area
Authors: Vlasova O I , Smakuev A D , Perederieva V M , Volters I A , Drepa E B , Bezgina Yu A
Published: September 2020

The article presents data on the formation of the species composition of the weed component of the agrophytocenosis of corn hybrids and the effect on it of the methods of the main soil ttrreatment-plowing, which was carried out by the Lemken EuroDiamant aggregate on 25 … 27 cm and DHM disking 5 × 4 on 10 … 12 cm. It was revealed that in crops of corn hybrids, weeds from the biological group of late spring prevailed, since they are similar in biology to the biology of the development of culture, perennial weeds, which are the most harmful, occupied 34.45%, which determined the system control measures including the use of herbicides and the inter-row cultivation, contributing to the destruction of weeds to phytocenotic damage threshold and identification of their significant decrease during the plowing basic treatment. The role of the hybrid in reducing weediness has not been identified, which is reliably proved by mathematical processing. However, taking into account the yield potential, it was determined that the cultivation of foreign selection hybrids contributes to a significantly high yield - AS- 201 (7.5 t / ha) and Monsanto DKS 3939 (6.96 t / ha) compared with the hybrid Mashuk 171 (4.9 t / ha) when using plowing as the main method of treatment.
The effect of eutrophication on human health on the example of the Gulf of Taganrog of the Sea of Azov
Authors: Zhidkova A Y , Podberesnij V V , Zarubina R V , Kononova O A
Published: September 2020

Eutrophication of water bodies has a negative impact on human health, contributing to the spread of the gastrointestinal and dermatological diseases, conjunctivitis. The increase of the anthropogenic load leads to the increase of the eutrophication level and, consequently, the increase in morbidity. The article discusses in detail the eutrophication of the Gulf of Taganrog of the Sea of Azov. The conclusions made in the work relate to the direct relationship between the degree of eutrophication of the reservoir, water temperature, salinity and the spread of gastrointestinal diseases.
Solid industrial waste management cyber-administration
Authors: Gurjanov A V , Shukalov A V , Zharinov I O
Published: September 2020

The modern production defective product is solid industrial wastes, which must be manipulated with effectively designed technical solutions. The solid wastes are done with processing through the production cyber-systems functionality and are material pieces and raw materials left-overs, which have some negative effect for the environment and human health, which could be useful for the industry after the secondary recycling. The solid wastes collection and separation in a production are the rational nature consumption technologies elements to provide the ecology technical influence lower level. In the automatic production conditions the solid industrial wastes manipulation mechanisms are specially actual. There is a company infrastructure scheme, which is necessary to collect and primarily separate the solid industrial wastes in a production section. There is a sorting out complex scheme of the separation final stages and solid industrial wastes collective storage before they are to be shipped to a recycling factory. The ecologically dangerous industrial wastes manipulation technologies are described in an automatic production.
Measures to achieve technological indicators of wastewater quality in the pulp and paper industry
Authors: Epifanov A V , Antonov I V
Published: September 2020

When switching to technological regulation in the Russian Federation, enterprises were divided into categories of negative impact on environmental objects. The most significant impact is exerted by enterprises of the 1st category of negative impact on the environment. Under the new requirements, such enterprises must receive a comprehensive environmental permit (CEP), in which one of the components is compliance with technological standards. If actual values do not match, enterprises should implement a program to improve environmental performance. The work examined technological solutions for use, which environmental impact will meet the requirements of the best available technologies (BAT). Measures are proposed to achieve the levels of technological standards for the existing pulp and paper industry (PPI), using the method of sulfate pulping. The values of indicators of identification of water management activities used in modern legislation are determined: anthropogenic load index (ALI), impact potential (IP), technological impact index (TII), coefficients of water resources involvement in the technological process before and after events.
Prospects for biological methods of controlling oak pests
Authors: Nikanova A V , Kukotenko M A
Published: September 2020

The article presents the results of experimental evaluation of biological control measures against oak adelgid, striking a young oak effectiveness. The material for the study were the young shoots of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) affected Stomaphis quercus L.. The work was carried out on the basis of Undorovsky forest district of the Ulyanovsk region from May to September 2019. In the study area a detailed survey of the plantings for the major taxonomic characteristics was conducted. In determining the class status of the oak forests forest pathology technique was used. A forested area with the lowest productivity of young plantations was divided into 3 sample areas: the area of control; the area treated with biological product Bicol; the area of settlement of red ants. The area of each zone averaged 0,333 ha. In each of the trial sites 110 instances model trees affected by oak adelgid were selected, at the age of 10 years, with an average diameter of from 2 to 2.2 cm and a height of from 1.8 to 2.3 m, which were based on the number of this pest. The abundance of oak adelgid was calculated on the most populated internodes or on the whole tree, specifying the degree of damage to the tree. The dependence of the sanitary state of trees on the average number of pests has been established. The effectiveness of the biological product Bicol was 16.0 - 44%, depending on the duration of the experiment. Evaluation of the effectiveness of using red forest ants as a biological method for protecting young oak forests from Stomaphis quercus L. throughout the summer season allowed us to identify a growing trend in performance: from 10% in June to 20% in August, which suggests the relative stability of the developed biological protection system for young oak grove. The above statistical analysis confirms the positive effect of the use of the biological product Bikol and the promising nature of the method with the resettlement of red forest ants.
Forest fires environmental impact study
Authors: Kukhar I V , Orlovskiy S N , Martynovsakaya S N
Published: September 2020

The impact of the toxic components of the pyrolysis products of forest combustible materials, air temperature, and thermal radiation on the environment was studied. The data on the amount of solid particles contained in the smoke of forest fires and controlled fires are presented. The ratio of the mass of solid particles of smoke aerosol and the mass of burnt combustible material for different combustible materials is determined. The data on the toxicity of gases generated during the forest combustible materials burning and their effect on the human body are presented. The specific emissions (emission factors) of substances in a fire are determined and the methodology for their calculation is given. The dynamics of forest burnability in the Krasnoyarsk Territory over the past 48 years and the reasons for the increase in forest area covered by fires are presented. Measures to reduce harmful emissions from forest fires into the atmosphere and to reduce environmental pollution by improving the mechanisms for regulating forest protection activities and preventing the occurrence and extinguishing of forest fires are proposed.
The increase of the potential agricultural landscapes fertility through the use of non-traditional organic fertilizers
Authors: Romanov V N , Kozulina N S , Shmeleva Zh N
Published: September 2020

In modern conditions of economic crisis, the use of mineral and organic fertilizers has sharply decreased, which leads to the soil fertility degradation and the microbial cenosis structure simplification. In this regard, there is a growing interest in the use of non-traditional fertilizers, including those obtained from wood vegetation wastes. The purpose of the research is to study the possibility of using waste oil from coniferous trees as fertilizers and growth stimulants for grain crops. The object of the research is soft spring wheat variety of Siberian selection “Krasnoyarskaya-12”. Recording was performed using generally accepted methods and existing State Standards. The influence of fir water on the germination energy, germination capacity and infection of soft spring wheat “Krasnoyarskaya-12” seeds was determined by the wet chambers method using paper rolls, as well as Petri dishes according to State Standard 12044-93. Statistical processing of the obtained data was performed by the method of dispersion and correlation analysis. The obtained results and the conducted chemical analysis of fir needles, peat and water solution of needles showed a fairly high content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Therefore, the use of waste products in the production of fir oil as non-traditional organic fertilizers requires targeted research and can be a very promising agricultural approach.
The experience of laboratory flotation equipment for treating wastes from dairy
Authors: Nepogodin A M , Isakov V G , Grakhova E V , Dyagelev M Y
Published: September 2020

This article presents the test results of the laboratory flotation equipment LFM-001 for the treatment of model wastewater simulating sewage dairy production. To simulate effluents, 200 ml of goat milk was mixed with 4800 ml of tap water, which made it possible to obtain a chemical oxygen demand of 2000 mg/dm3. For each test, simulated drains were mixed in different proportions with the air-water mixture obtained in LFM-001 and tap water. To intensify the flotation processes, we used the coagulant Aqua-Aurat with alumina A12O3 and the flocculant Praestol of various modifications.
Urban ecology as a means of ensuring the ecological balance of modern cities
Authors: Kurbatova S M , Aisner L Yu , Volkova A G
Published: September 2020

Through the prism of the phenomenon of modern large cities, the article notes the dualism of these formations at the present time. Cities, on the one hand, have a large and diverse potential, and on the other hand, they must ensure the implementation of their population numerous needs. Achieving a balance between these two components will ensure the stable development of the urban and surrounding territories, as well as the interests of economic entities and society. However, cities are part of the world, along with nature, which means they have an impact on it. The larger the city, the more intense it is in the world around it. Therefore, it is also important to ensure a balance between the constantly ongoing various processes of the city and the environment, which urban ecology may contribute to.
Problems of environmental protection in the aspect of ecological tourism
Authors: Farafontova E L , Shcheblyakov E S , Kurbatova S M , Kuzhleva A A , Rakhinsky D V
Published: September 2020

Tourism as one of the areas of socially significant activity is becoming increasingly widespread both at the domestic and international level. The interaction of tourists with the natural environment can bring irreparable harm and significant benefits. At a time when attention to the environment has grown significantly, the movement of environmentally responsible tourism has arisen and is rapidly developing. Its purpose is to learn about the world and promote environmental protection. The article considers some issues of legal regulation of ecotourism in Russia, analyzes proposals for amendments to regulatory and law enforcement sources, proposes the formulation of the concept of “ecotourism”, codifies this area in order to properly protect and protect natural territories and their economic and social development.
Research of coefficient of aerodynamic resistance of a separation nozzle of industrial coolers
Authors: Boev E V , Afanasenko V G , Boeva N I
Published: September 2020

Water resources of Russia are a national wealth and not only the level of economic development of the country, but also health of the population depends on their state. Rational use of water resources at the industrial enterprises is provided with the independent, closed water supply systems equipped with devices of vaporizing cooling of water. The systems of reverse water supply are one of the most important elements of a technological complex of the enterprises of many industries: chemical, oil processing, petrochemical, machine-building, metallurgical, etc. Capacity of processing equipment, quality and cost of the product, a specific consumption of raw materials and the electric power depend on quality and overall performance of systems of reverse water supply. One of elements of a system of reverse water supply is the cooler. In this article the design of the water catcher of the cooler Application of the Offered Design is described will allow to reduce considerably moisture content in the steam-gas stream released by the cooler into the atmosphere.
Research on the influence factors of technogenic environmental pollution on population health based on statistical panel data analysis
Authors: Trostyanskiy S N , Kurolap S A , Baklanov I O , Klepikov O V , Kravets O Ja
Published: September 2020

A statistical analysis of the incidence rate of various types of diseases in a population for different age groups was carried out: children (up to 14 years old inclusive), adolescents (15-17 years old), adults (18 years old and older), depending on environmental factors such as concentration of atmospheric impurities, as well as drinking water quality indicators. A dynamic autoregressive model for panel data was used to determine the quantitative dependence of the incidence rate in a population on environmental pollution factors. Panel data on population morbidity indicators, air pollution and the drinking water quality were built on the basis of official statistics for the districts of the Voronezh region and the city of Voronezh over a multi-year period. Considering that the incidence levels in the districts of the Voronezh region and in the city of Voronezh linearly depend on determining factors, linear dynamic models were constructed to describe the level of the disease classes recorded for the year, depending on the level of the corresponding disease classes for the previous year, as well as those registered for the analyzed year of concentrations of chemical impurities in the atmosphere or, accordingly, the values of drinking water quality indicators. As a result of the analysis, statistically significant quantitative dependences on the recorded factors of technogenic environmental pollution were obtained for certain classes of morbidity.
The improvement in technology of rectification column calculation
Authors: Popov A A , Ovsyankin A K , Gritsenko E M , Doronina T V , Motsenko E D
Published: September 2020

The task of automation and increasing the efficiency of calculating the parameters of the rectifying column for the needs of chemical production is being solved. Rectification is one of the most time-consuming chemical-technological processes responsible for the separation of liquid mixtures into practically pure components, which differ in boiling points, by repeated evaporation of the liquid and vapor condensation. The possibility of separation of the liquid mixture into its constituent components by distillation is due to the fact that the composition of the vapor formed above the liquid mixture differs from the composition of the liquid mixture under the conditions of the equilibrium state of steam and liquid. To select the optimal working conditions, it is necessary to take into account the heat consumption, temperature and pressure of the heat carrier - heating steam and cooling water, as well as the necessary dimensions of the columns and connecting elements with it by heat exchangers. All these factors are interrelated and depend, in particular, on the temperature and state of aggregation of the mixture supplied for separation. When calculating the processes of rectification, the compositions of liquids are usually given in mass fractions or percent, and for practical calculation it is more convenient to use the compositions of liquids and steam, expressed in molar fractions or percent. The software being developed will automate the calculation of distillation plants, which will increase the calculation speed. In most existing installations, rectification is not clear. The resulting components of light and oil distillates do not correspond to the required fractional composition, overgrowth of fractions is observed, some of the heaviest fractions of light diesel oil products fall into the bottom of the column, into fuel oil. Therefore, much attention is paid to the study and analysis of the operation of distillation columns, improving the methods of their calculation. The software created as a result of the project will be used directly by technologists, chemists and professors.
Study of influence of agro-industrial production of Perm region on honey condition
Authors: Kochetova O V , Tatarnikova N A , Ermolina S A , Ivanova I E , Sereda T G
Published: September 2020

Honey is a unique product of nectar and pollen processing by bees, which is a sweet, viscous substance rich in amino acids, macro- and microelements. Honey in the modern world is used in many directions: cosmetology, cooking, medicine, as well as in the home for eating, treating cold diseases, massage, etc. Honey has high taste and nutritional qualities, is easily absorbed by the body. It is also a dietary food for the human body. The object of the study is honey purchased from individual entrepreneurs of Solikamsk and Osinsky districts of Perm region of Russia. The purpose of the study: to study veterinary - sanitary indicators of the honey sold on the counter of the city of Solikamsk, which came both from local producers and from the Osinsky district of Perm region. The priority task of this work was to assess the veterinary and sanitary quality of honey produced by beekeepers of Solikamsk city and compare its quality with honey from ecologically clean Osinsky district of Perm region. Studies were carried out to determine the basic physical and chemical values of the selected honey samples by free acidity, diastase number; mass fraction of water; The weight fraction of water insoluble substances; Weight ratio of reducing sugars, weight ratio of sucrose and other indicators. Studies have shown that some honey samples had an increased percentage of sucrose – 7.87, with a maximum allowed value of 5%. No excess of heavy metal ions was detected, which meets the safety requirements of the Technical Regulation.
Use of genetic resources in white straw and cereal crops breeding in the monsoon climate
Authors: Klykov A G , Murugova G A , Bogdan P M , Konovalova I V , Timoshinova O A , Kryuchkova N A
Published: September 2020

In creating new competitive varieties, the leading role belongs to plant genetic resources. Researches are devoted to the study of 823 samples of domestic and foreign breeding of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare. L.), winter and spring soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), durum wheat (Triticum durum Dest.), And buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), buckwheat Tatar (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) buckwheat semi-umbrella (Fagopyrum cymosum Meissn.) from world collection of Russian National Instituteof Plants Genetic Resources (VIR). High-yield source varieties, resistant to lodging, adapted to the conditions of the monsoon climate have been identified. A bioresource feature collection has been formed. As a result of targeted research, new varieties of spring wheat (Nikolskaya), spring barley (Primorets) and buckwheat (Ussurochka) adapted to the conditions of the monsoon climate of the Far East have been created.
Environmental and chemical characteristics of the Zeya-Bureya plain small river Filinovka
Authors: Pakusina A P , Platonova T P , Demidenok Zh A
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the results of hydrochemical study of water of the small Filinovka River, the left-bank tributary of the Amur River, flowing along the south of the Zeya-Bureya Plain. Water is characterized by high oxygen content. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in water undergoes seasonal dynamics. The water of the small Filinovka River is characterized by a high content of iron and manganese, which are caused by the natural factor. The content of zinc and copper in water is higher than the fisheries standard. Macrophytes Najas marina and Ceratophyllum oryzetorum and feathers of birds Grus monacha and Grus vipio contain a high concentration of lead and cadmium. The results of studying the hydrochemical parameters of the water ecosystem of a small river flowing along the south of the Zeya-Bureya plain are the basis for studying the agricultural load on small rivers.
Aquaponics installation using soil in waste water from fish farms
Authors: Ponomarev Andrey K , Glebova Irina A , Gorbunov Oleg V , Brezhnev Leonid L
Published: September 2020

The paper presents the results of the study on the cultivation of lettuce (lactuca sativa kucheryavec odesskiy) in an aquaponics installation using soil in the conditions of closed water supply systems installations developed on the basis of the Russian-Scandinavian aquaculture center of the BiRH Institute of K. G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Moscow. As a result of which, growth and productivity indicators of lettuce in an aquaponics installation were obtained. Hydrochemical studies made it possible to determine the efficiency of consumption of nitrates and phosphates at the maximum plant phytomass and to calculate the optimal power of the hydroponic installation for a given volume of fish tanks.
Identification of the mechanism of SDRC rubber synthesis process
Authors: Bronskaya V V , Aminova G A , Manuyko G V , Ignashina T V , Bashkirov D V , Kharitonova O S , Balzamov D S
Published: September 2020

Modeling and identification of the SDRC rubber synthesis process under the conditions of chain transmission and cross-growth reactions are carried out. The mechanism of process of polymerization of butadiene on cobalt-containing catalytic system is set up.
Integrative features of biologically active substances and vermicompost in action on the anatomical features of decorative cultures
Authors: Dogadina M A , Botuz N I
Published: September 2020

The article discusses alternative ways of protecting ornamental crops from stress factors of a biotic nature by increasing passive immunity when using vermicompost as the main source of macro- and microelements and biologically active substances, which differ in adaptogenic and immunomodulating properties. The change in the anatomical and physiological characteristics of ornamental plants of anthropogenic and cultural landscapes, which determine their environmental resistance to stress factors and harmful objects, is shown. The thickness of the epidermis of leaves of Rosa L. increased 1.5 times; Tulipa L. - 1.4; Gladiolus L. - 1.6 times; leaf mesophyll thickness of 1.9; 1.4; 1.6 times respectively; leaf thickness of Rosa L. and Gladiolus L. plants increased 1.2 times; Tulipa L. - 1.7 times. A significant increase in the osmotic pressure of plant cells of Tulipa L. and Gladiolus L. is significantly increased (by 26.8 and 28.3 kPa); different varieties of Rosa L. Weak opening of stomata was observed in experimental variants of Tulipa L. and Gladiolus L., as well as highly resistant varieties of Rosa L.