bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barriers to uptake of Family Planning Services among Married Women of Reproductive Age in Kenya
Authors: Mahuro Gerald , Kimani Murungaru
Published: August 2023

Unintended pregnancy has adverse social and maternal costs with a worldwide count of 85 million cases in 2012 and Kenya reporting 40% in 2014. Sustainable development goals targets to achieve universal reproductive healthcare services inclusive of family planning by 2030 where in this premise FP2020’s set an overarching goal to achieve 120 million new contraceptive users by 2020. Kenya aimed to increase modern contraceptive prevalence rate by 10% from 46% in 2014. PMA2020 surveys conducted between 2014 and 2020 in Kenya, showed improved contraceptive use from 45% to 58%. Despite this improvement, the supply does not fulfil demand leading to unmet needs for family planning. This study aimed at investigating social demographics, trends, differentials and associated factors affecting unmet need for family planning among married women using PMA2020 surveys. The survey used cross-sectional design with multi-stage sampling to document responses to family planning indicators from eligible women of reproductive age. Samples were drawn from nine randomly selected Counties using probability proportional to size based on households, 120 enumeration areas stratified by urban/rural and randomly selected 42 households. Unmet need for family planning was higher among younger women, in rural setting, low education level and with more children. Additionally, unmet need declined from 2014 to 2016, and decreased with increase in age, discussion about side-effects and age at first contraceptive use. Therefore, family planning programs should be accessible to all women, increase discussion of side-effects related to family planning methods and decrease the age at which women first use contraceptive.
Key words: Family planning; Unmet need; PMA2020 and, FP2020
Added sugar, lifestyle characteristics and serum uric acid levels are associated with the increased risk of coronary artery disease: A questionnaire-based case-control study
Authors: Liu Min , Ma Jianning , Gu Ye , Ao Li , Zhao Jing , Bao Kena , Xu Xiangdong
Published: August 2023

Background
Some studies suggest that the added sugar and unhealthy lifestyle are considered as risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), but the accurate relationship between them is less clear. This research evaluates the potential influence of added sugar, lifestyle characteristics and some clinical parameters on the risk of CAD.
Methods
A total of 223 participants including 111 cases and 112 controls were enrolled into this study. Population characteristics were obtained through questionnaires and clinical parameters. Data were tested by varieties of statistical methods.
Results
The comparison results of population characteristics and dietary survey showed that diabetes, physical exercise, UA level, juice, fired food, seafood and health products intake were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis results indicated that diabetes, physical exercise, UA level, BMI, weight changes, instant food, seafood, sugar beverage and health products intake were influence factors for CAD (p < 0.05). Stratified analysis results showed that UA levels of Non-CAD patients with HBP were significantly higher than that of normal subjects both in overweight and normal group (BMI > 24: p = 0.0154, BMI ≤ 24: p = 0.0343). The UA levels in CAD patients, with normal weight and smoking habit, were significantly high compared with Non-CAD group (p = 0.024).
Conclusions
Added sugar beverage and high UA level are independent risk factors associated with the increased risk of CAD. Healthy lifestyles such as physical exercise, intake of seafood are beneficial to prevent CAD. Traditional risk factors including smoking and HBP also potentially increase the risk of CAD in certain groups.
Efficacy of Small Molecules Blocking in Kv1.5 Potassium Channel From Machine Learning Models
Authors: Youme Samiya Kabir , Ahamed Hossain , Oishi Anika Mehjabin , UZ-Zaman Md.Tawfiq , Rahman Ramisha Anan , Hoque Kazi Sumaiya , Islam Md Shariful Islam , Rashid Md Harunur
Published: August 2023

Atrial fibrillation and associated cardiac problems may be treated with the development of potent potassium ion channel Kv1.5 blockers. Since the use of these blockers provides therapeutic advantages and potential side effects, it is significant to identify Kv1.5 channel blockers from compounds. In this work, we employed optimized machine learning models to predict the potential of small molecules in blocking the Kv1.5 channel to address the limitations of traditional screening methods in the drug discovery process. Several machine learning classifiers and regression models were employed utilizing molecular descriptors and fingerprints incorporating with SMOTE oversampling technique to overcome the class imbalance in active and inactive molecules. The results show that distinct models excelled in predicting different molecular attributes. The regression models demonstrated superior performance with random forest regression (RFR) (root-mean-square error = 0.668) and Substructure-Count-HGBR (Histogram-based Gradient Boosting Regression) having adjusted R² of 39.50% for predicting binding affinity. The best-performing models among the fingerprint-based models were the k-Nearest Neighbors Classifier (KNNC) and Substructure-RFC (Random Forest Classifier), which both demonstrated well-balanced predictive models. The generalized machine learning models for Kv1.5 can help researchers quickly narrow down drug candidates that are toxic or beneficial for treating atrial fibrillation in the early stages of drug discovery.
Extramammary Paget’s disease of the unilateral axilla: a case report and literature review
Authors: Liu Li , Liu Ying , Li Feng , Ding Xiaojie
Published: August 2023

Background: Extramammary paget disease (EMPD) is a rare neoplastic dermatosis that mainly affects areas with high parietal gland concentration, such as the vulva and groin, and is very rare in the axilla. Only a few cases have been reported internationally. It is the rarity of the disease that often leads to delayed diagnosis and delays in the condition. Accordingly, early diagnosis and treatment are very critical for prognosis. This report provides good clinical ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of EMPD.
Case presentation: In this study, we described a case of unilateral axillary paget disease. A 52-year-old female patient presented with recurrent erythema, erosion and pruritus in the right armpit for more than 10 years. The patient was finally diagnosed with EMPD by pathological biopsy and immunohistochemical examination, and was cured after surgical treatment. She is currently under follow-up observation.
Conclusions: EMPD of the axillary region is a rare fifinding even in a large medical center. This report provides good clinical ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of EMPD.
Uncertainty-Aware Graph Neural Network for Semi-Supervised Diversified Recommendation
Authors: Cao Minjie , Tran Thomas
Published: August 2023

Graphs are a powerful tool for representing structured and relational data in various domains, including social networks, knowledge graphs, and molecular structures. Semi-supervised learning on graphs has emerged as a promising approach to address real-world challenges and applications. In this paper, we propose an uncertainty-aware pseudo-label selection framework for promoting diversity learning in recommendation systems. Our approach harnesses the power of semi-supervised Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), utilizing both labeled and unlabeled data, to address data sparsity issues often encountered in real-world recommendation scenarios. Pseudo-labeling, a prevalent semi-supervised method, combats label scarcity by enhancing the training set with high-confidence pseudo-labels for unlabeled nodes, enabling self-training cycles for supervised models. By incorporating pseudo-labels selected based on the model’s uncertainty, our framework is designed to improve the model’s generalization and foster diverse recommendations. The main contributions of this paper include introducing the uncertainty-aware pseudo-label selection framework, providing a comprehensive description of the framework, and presenting an experimental evaluation comparing its performance against baseline methods in terms of recommendation quality and diversity. Our proposed method demonstrates the effectiveness of uncertainty-aware pseudo-label selection in enhancing the diversity of recommendation systems and delivering a more engaging, personalized, and diverse set of suggestions for users.
Research on event target recognition based on DRUNet and multi-scale attention
Authors: Liu Zi-Long , tan bing
Published: August 2023

Aiming at the problem of noise and insufficient feature extraction in event camera-based target recognition task, we proposes an event target recognition method based on DRUNet and multi-scale attention. Firstly, DRUNet is added as a filter to reduce the event noise during the conversion of the event stream into event tensor; secondly, a multi-scale convolutional layer is used instead of a single convolutional layer to extract feature information at different scales, and a depth-separable convolution is utilized to replace part of the standard convolution in the network structure to reduce the number of network parameters without losing the performance of the network; thirdly, multi-scale features are performed on different channel fusion and connecting the channel attention module to enhance the network's representation of effective features; then the classifier is redesigned to reduce feature loss and improve recognition accuracy by compressing the semantic information layer-by-layer and step-by-step; finally, the Adam optimizer based on the gradient centered algorithm is used for training to improve the network's generalization ability and training speed. On the N-Caltech101 and N-Cars datasets, the recognition accuracy of the model is 87.2% and 96.3%, respectively, which is significantly higher than other algorithms.
Hepatitis C Virus IgG antibody and HCV RNA status in young adults in ETSAKO, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: OLANIYAN Mathew Folaranmi , MUHIBI Musa , OLANIYAN Tolulope , Shuaibu Bukhari
Published: August 2023

Study Background:
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is a significant public health issue globally, with Nigeria being one of the countries with a high frequency of HCV.
Aim and Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency and frequency of HCV IgG antibody and HCV RNA in young adults in Etsako, Edo State, Nigeria, using.
Materials and Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design, and blood samples were collected and tested for HCV IgG antibody by ELISA and HCV RNA by Reverse Transcripatse PCR. The study participants' demographic information, such as gender, marital status, training, and occupation, were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Two hundred young adults (Female – 100; Male-100) were studied.
Results: The results showed an overall HCV IgG antibody frequency of 8.5%, with slightly higher rates in females (9.0%) than males (8.0%). The frequency of HCV IgG antibody was higher in single unmarried young adults with children (14.3%) compared to those without children (8.8%). The frequency of HCV RNA was 3.5%, with a higher frequency in single unmarried young adults with children (10.7%) compared to those without children (2.0%). The frequency of HCV IgG antibody was higher among females, single unmarried individuals with children, and certain occupations. However, there was a lower significant difference in the frequency of HCV RNA compared to HCV IgG antibody in young adults, single unmarried individuals without children, and gainfully employed graduates. Additionally, the frequency of HCV RNA was significantly lower in single unmarried young adults without children compared to those with children. These findings suggest that HCV frequency varies based on certain demographic and occupational factors, and that testing for HCV RNA may provide more accurate results for diagnosis and treatment. It is important to continue monitoring HCV frequency in different populations to inform prevention and treatment strategies.
Conclusion: The study highlights the need for increased awareness and screening for HCV among young adults, especially those with risk factors such as being single and having children. The findings also provide valuable insights for public health policies and interventions aimed at preventing and controlling the spread of HCV in the community.
Predictors of Reoperation in 30 days in Subdural Hematoma Evacuation
Authors: Sayed Rahman , Zamarud Aroosa , Gross Suzanne , Ramos Rafael De La Garza , Holland Ryan , Eikermann Matthias , Rupp Samuel , Kim Jinu , Babar Mustufa , Basam Mudaser , Yassari Reza , Gelfand Yaroslav
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Subdural hematoma (SDH) represents one of the most common types of intracranial hemorrhages, particularly in the elderly. Despite a long history of diagnoses and procedures, there is conflicting data on predictive parameters to predict outcomes.
Methods
We conducted a large retrospective review of patients that underwent a SDH evacuation at a single urban institution between 2015–2022. Data were collected from the electronic medical record on prior comorbidities, anticoagulation use, mental status on presentation, pre-op labs, and pre/post-op imaging parameters. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to analyze predictors of reoperation.
Results
Of the 329 patients, 35 patients were excluded due to missing data in the EMR. 10% of the patients underwent reoperation with the average time to reoperation being 17 days. Univariate analysis showed that a prior history of chronic kidney disease was associated with higher rates of reoperation. Lab data showed that those presenting with elevated PTT were more likely to undergo reoperation. Analysis of the imaging data showed that patients with a post-op shift of 6 mm or greater were more likely to undergo reoperation. Multivariate analysis showed that only having a post-op shift of greater than 6 mm was a significant predictor of reoperation. Twenty-two percent of patients with post-op shifts over 6 mm needed re-op. We briefly compared those below and above 65 and found no increase in instances of persistent shift over 6 mm in the older group. Interestingly, having a higher PTT lead to lower rates of reoperation
Conclusion
On multivariate analysis, a post-op shift of over 6 mm is the only independent predictor of re-operations. Further analysis would be beneficial to better understand predictors of reoperation. A review of the current literature showed that this is one of the largest series from a single institution with granular data available for analysis.
Performance of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-detection rapid diagnostic tests for COVID-19 self-testing and self-sampling in comparison to molecular and professional-use antigen tests: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Katzenschlager Stephan , Brümmer Lukas E. , Schmitz Stephani , Tolle Hannah , Manten Katharina , Gaeddert Mary , Erdmann Christian , Lindner Andreas , Tobian Frank , Grilli Maurizio , Pollock Nira R. , Macé Aurélien , Erkosar Berra , Carmona Sergio , Ongarello Stefano , Johnson Cheryl C. , Sacks Jilian A. , Denkinger Claudia M. , Yerlikaya Seda
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Self-testing is an effective tool to bridge the testing gap for several infectious diseases; however, its performance in detecting SARS-CoV-2 using antigen-detection rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) has not been systematically reviewed. To inform WHO guideline development, we evaluated the accuracy of COVID-19 self-testing and/or self-sampling using Ag-RDTs.
Methods:
We searched multiple databases for articles evaluating the accuracy of COVID-19 self-testing or self-sampling through November 7th, 2022. Cohen’s kappa was estimated to assess concordance between self-testing/self-sampling and fully professional-use Ag-RDT results. Bivariate meta-analysis was performed to obtain pooled performance estimates compared to molecular testing. The QUADAS-2 and GRADE tools were used to evaluate quality and certainty of evidence.
Results:
Among 43 studies included in the review, twelve reported on self-testing, while 31 studies assessed self-sampling only. The risk of bias was low in 49.6% of the studies. Overall concordance with professional-use Ag-RDTs (n = 7 datasets) was high (kappa 0.92 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89 to 0.95]). Overall pooled sensitivity and specificity of Ag-RDT testing using self-testing/self-sampling (n = 54 datasets) was 70.5% (95% CI 64.3 to 76.0) and 99.4% (95% CI 99.1–99.6), respectively.
Conclusion:
Despite high heterogeneity among studies, COVID-19 self-testing/self-sampling exhibits high concordance with professional-use Ag-RDTs. This suggest that self-testing/self-sampling can be offered as part of COVID-19 testing strategies.
Trial registration
PROSPERO: CRD42021250706
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation regulates effective connectivity patterns of brain networks in the spectrum of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Liang Xuhong , Xue Chen , Zheng Darui , Yuan Qianqian , Qi Wenzhang , Ruan Yiming , chen Shanshan , Song Yu , Wu Huimin , Lu Xiang , Xiao Chaoyong , Chen Jiu
Published: August 2023

Objectives
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are considered as the spectrum of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with abnormal brain network connectivity as the main neuroimaging feature. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proven to be an effective non-invasive technique for addressing neuropsychiatric disorders. This study aims to explore the potential of targeted rTMS to regulate effective connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) and the executive control network (CEN), thereby improving cognitive function.
Methods
A cross-sectional analysis using the spectral dynamic causal model was conducted to examine effective connectivity patterns in the DMN and CEN among the three groups. Subsequently, longitudinal analysis assessed the changes in effective connectivity patterns and cognitive function before and after rTMS in patients with SCD and aMCI, exploring the correlation between them.
Results
Cross-sectional analysis showed different effective connectivity patterns in the DMN and CEN among the three groups. Longitudinal analysis showed that the effective connectivity pattern of the SCD had changed, accompanied by improvements in episodic memory. Correlation analysis indicated a negative relationship between effective connectivity from the left angular gyrus (ANG) to the anterior cingulate gyrus and the ANG.R to the right middle frontal gyrus, with visuospatial and executive function, respectively. In patients with aMCI, episodic memory and executive function improved, while the effective connectivity pattern remained unchanged.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that PCUN-targeted rTMS in SCD regulates the abnormal effective connectivity patterns in DMN and CEN, thereby improving cognition function. Conversely, in aMCI, the mechanism of improvement may differ. Our findings further suggest that rTMS is more effective in preventing or delaying disease progression in the earlier stages of the AD spectrum.
Investigation and modeling on electroformed micro electrolysis pump using regression analysis
Authors: Behagh Amir Masoud , Tehrani Alireza Fadaei
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate using electroforming process for manufacturing an electrolysis micro pump. Also characterization and modelling of prepared micro pump was explored. For this reason, firstly a setup for mandrel shaping using abrasive assisted chemical machining was built. Secondly, another experimental setup for copper electroforming process using copper sulfate bath was made. After manufacturing micro pump's body using electroforming process, it assembled and characterized. For characterization, mean flow rate for discharging a fix volume of liquid, 0.3 milliliters of water, by applying 2 to 10 Volts of electrical voltage in five steps was measured. The mean flow rate measured between 0.09 to 0.56 (mL/min) at different applied electrical voltage. Furthermore, regression model was developed that described the relation between applied voltage and pump's mean flow rate as linear. Confirmation tests were conducted for verification of proposed regression model too.
Clinical study of blood lipid and amylase levels in children with type 1 diabetes complicated with ketoacidosis
Authors: Wang Weixu
Published: August 2023

Background
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is common in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and can further lead to dyslipidaemia and amylase elevation. The purpose of our study was to explore the correlation among DKA, blood lipid levels and amylase levels in children with T1D.
Methods
The clinical data and laboratory indicators of 120 patients with T1D were retrospectively analysed. The patients were divided into two groups: those without DKA (30 patients) and those with DKA (90 patients). Differences between the groups were analysed. ROC curves were used to explore the diagnostic value of blood lipid and amylase levels. The Mantel‒Haenszel test, Spearman correlation and logistic regression analysis were used to explore the correlation among DKA, blood lipid levels and amylase levels.
Results
HbA1c levels (p=0.003), triglyceride levels (p<0.001), total cholesterol levels (p<0.001) and the incidence of abdominal pain (p=0.009) were all higher in patients with DKA than in patients without DKA, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (p=0.002) were lower. The Mantel‒Haenszel test showed that the risk of triglyceride elevation was higher for DKA patients (OR = 6.118, p < 0.001), and amylase elevation was not found to have a significant impact on this risk (p=0.502). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the presence of DKA was associated with a higher risk of triglyceride elevation (OR=5.362, p = 0.003).
Conclusions
Abdominal pain, elevated HbA1c, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels and decreased HDL levels are common in children with T1D and DKA, and the presence of DKA is a risk factor for triglyceride elevation. In the absence of acute pancreatitis, DKA or triglyceride elevation will not increase blood amylase levels.
Construction and Evaluation of a Prognostic Model Based on Metastasis-Associated Genes in Breast Cancer
Authors: Liao Zhixiao , Deng Yueyang
Published: August 2023

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the gene expression profile features in distant metastatic breast cancer (BC) patients, identify the metastasis-associated genes correlated with prognosis, and construct a survival rate nomogram.
Methods: Transcriptome data of BC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and divided into metastatic and non-metastatic groups. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed between the two groups, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was performed to explore the potential functions of DEGs. Univariate COX, LASSO regression, and multivariate Cox regression models were applied to screen prognostic-related genes, and a prediction model was established.
Results: A total of 215 DEGs were identified. FAM9C, CRISP2, TFPI2, TUBA3E, IL12Rβ2, BP1 and CSN3 were independent influencing factors for overall survival (OS) rate. Area under the curve (AUC) values outweighed 0.6, and calibration curves did not deviate from the reference line.
Conclusion: The metastasis-related genes prognostic nomogram for BC patients established in this study had favourablepredictive power that could provide a theoretical reference for subsequent studies.
92 Ir brachytherapy combined with external beam radiation and biliary stenting can improve the local control rate of unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Wenbo , Yang Hongjuan , Xiao Li , Liu Fei , Sun Yunchuan
Published: August 2023

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic efficacy and safety of 192Ir brachytherapy combined with external beam radiation in the treatment of unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
Methods
In this study, the clinical data of unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients admitted to our hospital from January 2014 to March 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The treatment mode was concurrent chemoradiotherapy + biliary stent +/- brachytherapy. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method.
Results
A total of 62 patients were in covered in this study, including 32 who underwent 192Ir brachytherapy combined with external beam radiation and percutaneous hepatobiliary stenting, which were assigned to the Ir-192 group, and 30 who received external beam radiation and percutaneous hepatobiliary stenting, which were assigned to the EBRT group. After the patients of the Ir-192 group and the EBRT group received 3 months of treatment, the complete remission rates (CRs) reached 15.6% and 6.7%, the partial remission rates (PRs) were 78.1% and 63.3%, and the objective remission rates (ORRs) reached 93.7% and 70%, respectively. Moreover, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was obtained as 11.0 months and 8.5 months, respectively. Besides, the 1-year PFS rates reached 37.5% and 6.3%, and the 2-year PFS rates were 16.7% and 0%, respectively (P = 0.032). In addition, the median overall survival (OS) was 14.5 months and 12.2 months, respectively. Furthermore, the 1-year OS rates were 58.8% and 27.9%, and the 2-year OS rates were 51.6% and 14.7%, respectively (P = 0.361). It is noteworthy that TBIL, DBIL, ALT, AST, and CA19-9 in the Ir-192 group were notably lower than those prior to treatment and 3 months after treatment in the EBRT group.
Conclusion
192Ir brachytherapy combined with external beam irradiation and biliary stenting is capable of increasing the local control rate of unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma, with reliable prognostic efficacy and tolerable adverse reactions, such that it serves as a feasible and safe treatment method for clinical practice.
Successful Repair of Recurrent Ventricular Septal Perforation after Myocardial Infarction using Double Patch Technique via Right Ventriculotomy: A Case Report
Authors: Ashsholih Khoirur Rijal , Takasaki Taiichi , Tomota Mayu , Tokumoto Taika , Go Seimei , Emura Shogo , Ozawa Masamichi , Takahashi Shinya
Published: August 2023

Background
Post-myocardial infarction (MI) ventricular septal perforation (VSP) is a rare but life-threatening complication. Surgical repair is challenging and carries significant risks, particularly in the context of recurrent VSPs. This case study presents a patient with recurrent VSP after initial surgical repair following myocardial infarction.
Case Presentation
A 65-year-old male with recurrent VSP was referred to our hospital. He had undergone emergency VSP closure surgery 2 months earlier, utilizing the bovine double patch technique via left ventriculostomy. The initial VSP was located in the apical part of the interventricular septum, while the recurrent VSP appeared in the upper middle portion of the interventricular septum (Fig. 1). As the previous patch remained intact, the second surgery employed the bovine double patch technique via right ventriculostomy. The patient's condition remained stable without the development of heart failure symptoms.
Conclusion
Repairing recurrent VSPs remains a challenge, necessitating the mastery of appropriate approaches to achieve optimal outcomes. Further research and guidelines are required to refine management strategies for recurrent VSPs.
When is health inequality acceptable? Appraisals of inevitability, complexity and causal explanations
Authors: Bridger Emma K , Tufte-Hewett Angela , Comerford David , Nettle Daniel
Published: August 2023

Background: Health inequalities are typically presented with respect to separate groupings or bases of categorization, such as income-related health inequality or life expectancy by education. We sought to characterize the cognitive consequences of presenting health inequality by bases of categorization.
Methods:Across two studies (N = 1,321), UK and US participants made a number of judgments about life expectancy differences (including how acceptable they are and whether they should be addressed) attributed to distinct bases of categorization: income, education, social class, neighbourhood, lifestyle choices and genetics.
Results:Health inequality was perceived as least acceptable when attributed to the four socioeconomic bases, and most acceptable for lifestyle choices and genetics. Six appraisal dimensions – complexity, malleability, inevitability, extent driven by biological, psychological and sociocultural causes - varied with basis of categorization and predicted views on health inequality. These dimensions could explain the majority (47-57%) of the drop in acceptability for health inequality attributed to neighbourhood, social class and education differences relative to a condition with no categorization.
Conclusions:These findings illustrate for the first time some of the causal explanations and affiliated inferences that underpin views on health inequality, and the corresponding consequences for communicating about health and health inequalities.
A Bi-Directional Engine for Transformation of Big Data Between NoSQL and SQL Data
Authors: Samanta Ashis Kumar , Chaki Nabendu
Published: August 2023

Big Data emerges as a solution with the continual and massive growth of different types of data streams at high speed. The customized storage and retrieval of data has indeed become a challenge. Over the last few decades, users of all levels had been more conversant with the relational model and SQL (Structured Query Language). However, several limitations of the relational model has been observed and discussed in the existing literature. As of day, a significant number of the applications are cloud-based or web-based. These handle either structured data (SD), semi-structured data (SSD), or completely unstructured data (USD). The volume of the transactions might even be at the petabytes level. NoSQL have drawn considerable attention for successfully handling massive volumes of heterogeneous data efficiently and irrespective of the type of data. It often requires the conversion of unstructured data into a structured format for possible data analysis, etc. This aims to transform the unstructured data stored in JSON format in the MongoDB data model to SQL structured table data format and vice-versa. The primary rigor of this research work is towards designing an interface facility to change the unstructured data into a structured format for its proper re-usability and simplicity. The focus is to design and develop a bi-directional transformation engine that can simplify the complex data in JSON structure to convert the simplified table structure keeping the normalization features and also to transform the data from normalized SQL format to single collection data of JSON format. Therefore, the proposed bi-directional transformation engine will be an interface between the SQL and NoSQL data model. The algorithms are evaluated using appropriate data. The broader vision of this work is to remove the structural differences between unstructured and structured data in respect of its reuse.
Accurate and Fast model for single Rotor Double Stator Interior Permanent Magnet Brushless Synchronous Machine with Spoke-Type structure at no-Load
Authors: Shirzad Ehsan
Published: August 2023

In this paper a 2-dimensional model by solving partial differential equations for single Rotor Double Stator Interior Permanent Magnet Brushless Synchronous Machine with Spoke-Type structure (SRDSIPMBSMWSTS) is formulated to predict flux density in air-gaps at only no load. After extracting relations are governing in each domain (magnetic potential vector and magnetic field intensity), boundary conditions between each two domain that are in adjacent to each other are applied to determine unknown coefficients. Output results are compared to finite element analysis (FEA) yield from Maxwell software to validate this fast and accurate model.
Compressed Deep Neural Networks for Segmentation of Cutaneous Malignant Wounds in Images
Authors: Costa Rafael Cardoso Ribeiro da , Silva Bruna Cristina Andrade Lira da , de Souza Rafael Roque , Lins Robson Cavalcanti , Rodrigues Iago Richard
Published: August 2023

Automatic segmentation of the areas of cutaneous malignant wounds in images is an integral part of the diagnosis and care process. It is essential to measure the wound area and provide quantitative data in treatment. Several deep-learning neural network models exist for this purpose. However, the problem with many of these models is that their architecture is cumbersome and has a high computational cost. Therefore, we propose to evaluate the techniques of four deep-learning neural networks followed by applying a pruning technique to compact these models and obtain a qualitative comparison of the results. One of the models (U-Net) is commonly used in medical image segmentation; the model (DeepLabV3) uses base convolutions used in MobileNetV2 networks, which provides more compact models. The model (SegNet) uses a decoder that uses clustering indices computed in the maximum clustering step of the corresponding encoder to perform non-linear upsampling, this architecture significantly reduces the number of trainable parameters, and finally, the model (FCN-VGG19) uses 19 depth layers, its downsampling layer is mainly used to improve the anti-distortion capability of the network for the image, keeping the main features of the sample and reducing the number of parameters. Given the models, we apply the pruning method from TensorFlow Model Optimization Toolkit, using the polynomial decay technique and experimenting with various sparsity settings. With this evaluation of the segmentation models applied to the pruning technique, we concluded that the neural networks that obtained a better result in computational efficiency and accuracy were FCN and U-Net.
Network Indicators of Public Bus Transportation in Klang Valley and their correlations
Authors: Rashid Nur Umaisara , Chan Kar Tim , Halim Umair Abdul
Published: August 2023

Complex network-based analysis on the real-world system has frequently assists researchers in providing a crucial and extensive understanding on a variety of interconnected useful data especially on public transportation services. In this paper, we construct a public bus transportation network of eight zones in Klang Valley before evaluating their characteristics based on some network measurements such as average degree and clustering coefficient followed by calculation on five network indicators namely accessibility, centralization, robustness, directness, and service connectivity. These network indicators are helpful in providing extensive analysis on the network performance. Other than that, we also analyse the correlation between the network indicators. It is found that the different network indicator is beneficial in describing the network performance based on different network components and characteristics such as how betweenness centrality and closeness centrality is being applied as part of the centralization and accessibility measurement respectively.
Shuffle-RDSNet: A Method for Side-Scan Sonar Image Classification with Residual Dual-Path Shrinkage Network.
Authors: Ge Qiang , Liu Huaizhou , Ma Yuxiang , Han Daojun , Zuo Xianyu , Dang Lanyue
Published: August 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
WITHDRAWN: Broadcasters, receivers, functional groups of metabolites and the link to heart failure using polygenic factors
Authors: al. Azam Yazdani and et
Published: August 2023

In a prospective study with records of heart failure (HF) incidence, we present metabolite profiling data from individuals without HF at baseline. We uncovered the interconnectivity of metabolites using data-driven and causal networks augmented with polygenic factors. Exploring the networks, we identified metabolite broadcasters, receivers, mediators, and subnetworks corresponding to functional classes of metabolites, and provided insights into the link between metabolomic architecture and regulation in health. We incorporated the network structure into the identification of metabolites associated with HF to control the effect of confounding metabolites. We identified metabolites associated with higher or lower risk of HF incidence, the associations that were not confounded by the other metabolites, such as glycine, ureidopropionic and glycocholic acids, and LPC 18:2. We revealed the underlying relationships of the findings. For example, asparagine directly influenced glycine, and both were inversely associated with HF. These two metabolites were influenced by polygenic factors and only essential amino acids which are not synthesized in the human body and come directly from the diet. Metabolites may play a critical role in linking genetic background and lifestyle factors to HF incidence. Revealing the underlying connectivity of metabolites associated with HF strengthens the findings and facilitates a mechanistic understanding of HF process.
Characterising The Literature on Science Teacher Identity: A Bibliometric Study
Authors:   Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, 65145 Malang, Indonesia, Suryadi Ahmad , Kurniati Eka ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, 65145 Malang, Indonesia, Purwaningsih Endang ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, 65145 Malang, Indonesia
Published: August 2023

This article reports a bibliometric analysis of 44 articles chosen from 55 articles on science teacher identity studies, published in the Scopus database from 2011 to 2019. The study analysed the trend of science teacher identity based on the number of citations, publication year, country contribution, and co-occurrence of keywords in these journal articles. This study showed that there was an increase in the publication of the topic of identity for science teachers in the last ten years. The results of the analysis showed that studies related to science teacher identity had been carried out in various countries where the United States is the country with the most contributions. We also identified core research topics concerning science teachers’ identity, such as identity development, professional identity, identity context and implication, which receive more attention than the other topics. This study concluded with suggestions for future projects to consider exploring the intersection of agency and practical work with identity and between social categories, especially in elementary education.
Separability and entanglement of resonating valence-bond states
Authors: Parez Gilles , Berthiere Clément , Witczak-Krempa William
Published: August 2023

We investigate separability and entanglement of Rokhsar-Kivelson (RK) states and resonating valence-bond (RVB) states. These states play a prominent role in condensed matter physics, as they can describe quantum spin liquids and quantum critical states of matter, depending on their underlying lattices. For dimer RK states on arbitrary tileable graphs, we prove the exact separability of the reduced density matrix of kk disconnected subsystems, implying the absence of bipartite and multipartite entanglement between the subsystems. For more general RK states with local constraints, we argue separability in the thermodynamic limit, and show that any local RK state has zero logarithmic negativity, even if the density matrix is not exactly separable. In the case of adjacent subsystems, we find an exact expression for the logarithmic negativity in terms of partition functions of the underlying statistical model. For RVB states, we show separability for disconnected subsystems up to exponentially small terms in the distance dd between the subsystems, and that the logarithmic negativity is exponentially suppressed with dd. We argue that separability does hold in the scaling limit, even for arbitrarily small ratio d/Ld/L, where LL is the characteristic size of the subsystems. Our results hold for arbitrary lattices, and encompass a large class of RK and RVB states, which include certain gapped quantum spin liquids and gapless quantum critical systems.
Dede Korkut Hikâyelerinde Mülkiyetin Kültürel Örüntüleri
Authors: DAŞDEMİR Cansu
Published: August 2023

Sahiplik manasına gelen mülkiyet, genel anlamda kişilerin varlıklar üzerindeki aidiyetini gösteren hakları ifade eder. İnsanoğlu, hayatının her evresinde mülkiyet ekseninde bir oluşum meydana getirmiştir. Odak noktası insan olan kültürel yapılanmalar içerisinde de bu oluşumlar karşımıza çıkar. Bu bağlamda mülkiyetin ekonomik ve hukuki boyutlarının yanı sıra kültürel bir yönünün de bulunduğu ifade edilebilir. Özellikle şahısların mal ve varlıklarını korumak için yaptığı ritüellerde mülkiyetin kültürel yansımaları karşımıza çıkar. Bu durumu bir örnekle açıklamak gerekirse kişinin toprağını korumak için o bölgeyi tabu ve beddua aracılığıyla dokunulmaz yapması mülkiyetin kültürel yönünü oluşturur. Oğuzların önemli eserlerinden biri olan Dede Korkut hikâyeleri de mülkiyete konu olan çeşitli örnekler barındırmaktadır. Dirse Han’ın oğlu Boğaç Han’ı öldürmek istemesi, Uruz’un annesine beddua etmesi, Deli Dumrul’un köprüden geçenden otuz üç akça geçmeyenden kırk akça alması ve ad alamayan Uruz için Kazan’ın endişe etmesi, Oğuzların mülkiyet anlayışını ortaya koyan örneklerden birkaçıdır. Tespit edilen örnekler, Türk kültüründeki mülkiyet telakkisinin anlatılara nasıl yansıdığını göstermesi açısından önem arz eder. Dede Korkut hikâyelerinin örneklem olarak seçildiği bu makalede mülkiyet olgusu, mülki unsurlar ve mülki semboller olarak iki ana başlık altında değerlendirilmiştir. Mülkiyete konu olan ögeler mülki unsurlar; bir nesnenin mülkiyet olduğuna işaret eden ögeler ise mülki semboller başlığı altında incelenmiştir.
Ferheng-i Şuʿûrî'de Yer Alan Çağatay Türkçesine Ait Söz Varlığı -Fiiller-
Authors: UYGUN Muhsin , KÜÇÜKBALLI Fatih Numan
Published: August 2023

Ferheng-i Şuʿūrî; 17. yüzyılda, Osmanlı sahasında, Şuʿûrî Hasan Efendi tarafından Farsça-Türkçe sözlük geleneği doğrultusunda oluşturulmuş bir eserdir. Farsça madde başı olarak yer alan sözcükler açıklanmış, anlam verildikten sonra sözcüğün Arapça, Osmanlı Türkçesi ve Çağatay Türkçesindeki karşılıkları gösterilmiştir. Sözlük bu özelliğiyle büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada eserde yer alan fiiller üzerinde durulmuştur. İlk olarak Çağatay Türkçesine ait olduğu ifade edilen fiiller taranıp listelenmiş, ardından bu fiillerin Çağatay Türkçesi sözlüklerinde var olup olmadığı, var ise hangi anlamlara sahip olduğu, ses ve anlam değişimine uğrayıp uğramadığı gibi hususlar ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın Çağatay Türkçesi araştırmalarına ve söz varlığı çalışmalarına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
-mAç Yapım Eki ve Teşekkülü Üzerine Yeni Düşünceler
Authors: AKYILDIZ AY Didem
Published: August 2023

Türkçede eklerin büyük bir kısmı tek hecelidir. Geri kalan kısmı ise iki veya üç hecelidir. İki veya üç heceli ekler, birden fazla ekin bir araya gelip anlamsal bir bütünlüğe kavuşmuş biçimleridir. Kimi ekler de tek heceli görünmesine rağmen özünde birden fazla ekin zamanla kaynaşarak tek heceye indirgenmesiyle oluşmuştur. Bu eklerden biri de -mAç ekidir. -mAç eki Eski Türkçeden günümüze değin kullanım alanını genişleterek varlığını devam ettiren bir yapım ekidir. Ekin birbirinden bağımsız işlevlerinin bulunması, farklı unsurların birleşerek zamanla tek bir biçimin altında toplanmış olduğunun göstergesi olarak düşünülebilir.

Bu çalışmada -mAç ekinin tarihî ve çağdaş Türk lehçelerindeki örnekleri tespit edilerek işlevlerine göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Ekin teşekkülü ile ilgili daha önceden bilinen
Some Observations on Persian Copies in Khalaj: Case of Talkhab Dialect
Authors: GÜZEL Hasan
Published: August 2023

Turks and Iranians have interacted in different geographies for centuries. Although the traces of this interaction can be detected in various Iranian and Turkic languages, the obvious examples are presented in Khalaj. Although many archaic features are preserved today, numerous linguistic copies made from Persian are also used in Khalaj. This article focuses on the texts collected from the village of Talkhab, where the majority of the Khalaj population is located. In the texts, it is seen that the features of Persian such as sound, form, syntax etc. are copied into Khalaj as a result of intense language relations. Global lexical and global grammatical copies in these texts are discussed. The use of these units, which can have simple and complex structures, differs according to age groups. When the data collected from different age groups are examined, it has been detected that while the number of lexical copies is higher in the middle (35-60) and upper middle (60-…) age groups, both lexical and grammatical copies are often used in the young population (15-35). However, this article highlights the large number of people fluent in the Khalaj language in the village of Talkhab, which has a multilingual language ecology.
Konya Kemaliye/Küçük Karatay Medresesi Üzerine Bir Restitüsyon Denemesi
Authors: YAVUZYILMAZ Ahmet , ŞİMŞİR Zekeriya
Published: August 2023

Geçmişi Neolitik döneme kadar geriye giden Konya birçok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmış Anadolu’nun kadim şehirlerinden biridir. 1075 yılında Kutalmış oğlu Süleyman Şah tarafından fethedilen şehir Anadolu Selçuklularının baş şehri olmuştur. Selçuklu hâkimiyeti sırasında şehir başta sultan ve ailesi olmak üzere devlet adamları, varlıklı kimseler tarafından imar edilerek bir Türk-İslam şehri hüviyetine bürünmüştür. Başta cami ve mescitler olmak üzere, kervansaraylar, türbeler, hamamlar, medreseler, hankâhlar gibi çok sayıda eserler yaptırmışlar ve bunları zengin vakıflarla desteklemişlerdir. Bu yapılar içerisinde Selçukluların eğitime verdiği önemin bir göstergesi olarak da başkent Konya olmak üzere Sivas, Kayseri, Antalya, Sinop gibi şehirlerde çok sayıda medreseler yaptırmışlardır. Medreselerin birçoğu zaman içerisinde ya yıkılmış ya da yıktırılarak ortadan kaldırılmıştır. Araştırmaya konu olan Küçük Karatay Medresesi de ne yazık ki ortadan kalkan diğer Selçuklu Medreseleri gibi aynı kaderi yaşamıştır. Günümüze sadece bir bölümü kalan Küçük Karatay Medresesi’ni mevcut bâkiyeleri, eldeki fotoğraflar ve çeşitli yayınlarda yer alan bilgilerden hareketle özgün plan şeması tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Böylece medresenin mimari ve tezyinat açısından Selçuklu Dönemi eğitim yapıları içerisindeki yeri ortaya konulacaktır.
Keşan Yöresi Tarihi Mezar Taşları
Authors: KARADEMİR Murat , KUNT İbrahim , DEMİRTAŞ Melike
Published: August 2023

Türk sanatının en küçük anıtlarından biri olan mezar taşları, inşa edildikleri dönemin kültürünü, sanat zevkini, sosyal ve ekonomik durumunu yansıtması, şehirlerin geçmişine ışık tutması bakımından oldukça önemlidir. Anadolu’nun çoğu yerinde olduğu gibi Osmanlı Devleti’ne başkentlik yapmış olan Edirne’de de mezar taşları hızla bozulmaya başlamıştır. Bu bozulmalardan daha çok mezarlıklar etkilenmekte, cami hazireleri biraz daha iyi durumdadır. Hazire ve mezar taşlarına karşı ilgi ve sorumluluk son dönemde büyük gelişmeler kaydetmiştir. Bu konu ile ilgili yayınlarda giderek çoğalmıştır. Bir yerleşim yerinin tarihi seyrini izleyebilmek adına mezar taşları oldukça önemli bir yere sahip olup Keşan’daki mezar taşları da bu bölgenin tarihi seyrini sunmaktadır. Çalışmamız Keşan ilçe merkezinde yer alan Hersekzade Ahmet Paşa, Bekir Varnalı ve Hacı Mehmet Ağa Camilerinin hazirelerinde bulunan mezar taşları ile Keşan ilçe merkezine 34 km uzaklıkta bulunan Erikli Köyü Mezarlığı ile ilçe merkezinde yer alan Tepe Mezarlığında tespit edilmiş mezar taşlarını kapsamaktadır. İncelenen mezar taşlarından en erken tarihlisi H. 925/ M.1519 en geç tarihlisi ise H. 1332/ M.1913-14 yıllarına aittir. Türk sanatında yüzyıllara göre ortaya çıkan motif, kompozisyon ve üslup, gelişim ve değişimlerini Keşan yöresindeki mezar taşlarında görmek mümkündür. Bu açıdan çalışma Keşan’ın Osmanlı tarihine de ışık tutmak adına önemlidir.

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