bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biodegradable Sodium Alginate/Carrageenan/Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Wound Dressings Containing Herbal Extracts for Promoting Blood Coagulation and Wound Healing
Authors: Li Zongyao , Man Jia , Wang Xiaojie , Zhang Yongqi
Published: October 2022

Accelerating the coagulation process and preventing wound infection are major challenges in the wound care process. Therefore, new multifunctional wound dressings with procoagulant, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties have enormous potential for clinical application. In this work, biodegradable hydrogels containing herbal extracts are prepared for wound dressings. First, the active ingredients are extracted from Amaranthus spinosus (A. spinosus) and Rubia cordifolia (R. cordifolia) and added to the hydrogels prepared from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), carrageenan, and sodium alginate. Then the composite hydrogels are air‐dried to obtain the wound dressings. The wound dressings prepared in this work have good biocompatibility and moisture retention. The mechanical properties of the wound dressings are further improved with the addition of MCC. Besides, the wound dressings have excellent procoagulant, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties due to the presence of R. cordifolia extract. Overall, the most effective group of wound dressings with different ingredient formulations reduces clotting time by 75% and largely inhibits bacterial growth. The wound dressings perform well in the animal wound models to promote wound healing. These results indicate that the hydrogel wound dressings prepared in this work have great potential for medical applications.
Key Factors that Influence Consumer Preferences for Natural‐Hyped Products
Authors: Velasco Franklin , Cardenas Marcelo , Cardenas Juan J. , Martin Silvia L.
Published: October 2022

Natural‐hyped products are receiving greater attention from and acceptance by consumers worldwide. Environmental factors that foster the demand for natural‐hyped products, specifically hemp‐based products include the deregulation of the cannabis industry and greater consumer desire for natural foods. Adding to this, the strategic use of stimulant type of cues (e.g., a cannabis leaf) included in product logos, ads, and packaging, seems to create hype associations when evaluating hemp‐based products. In this context, this study presents empirical evidence (three experiments and two qualitative studies) that illustrates consumer preference for hemp‐based products over ones that do not include hemp as an ingredient (hemp‐free). The research focuses on identifying the psychological determinant that orients consumers towards hemp‐based products. Findings suggest that the perceived naturalness is the psychological mechanism behind consumers positive evaluation of hemp‐based products. Moreover, this study presents evidence that this evaluation is enhanced by the consumer's need for stimulation. Implications of the findings for the role of perceived naturalness and the need for stimulation in marketing strategies are discussed.
Localization of the CotY and ExsY proteins to the exosporium basal layer of Bacillus anthracis
Authors: Durand‐Heredia Jorge , Stewart George C.
Published: October 2022

Spores are an infectious form of the zoonotic bacterial pathogen, Bacillus anthracis. The outermost spore layer is the exosporium, comprised of a basal layer and an external glycoprotein nap layer. The major structural proteins of the inner basal layer are CotY (at the mother cell central pole or bottlecap) and ExsY around the rest of the spore. The basis for the cap or noncap specificity of the CotY and ExsY proteins is currently unknown. We investigated the role of sequence differences between these proteins in localization during exosporium assembly. We found that sequence differences were less important than the timing of expression of the respective genes in the positioning of these inner basal layer structural proteins. Fusion constructs with the fluorescent protein fused at the N‐terminus resulted in poor incorporation whereas fusions at the carboxy terminus of CotY or ExsY resulted in good incorporation. However, complementation studies revealed that fusion constructs, although accurate indicators of protein localization, were not fully functional. A model is presented that explains the localization patterns observed. Bacterial two‐hybrid studies in Escherichia coli hosts were used to examine protein–protein interactions with full‐length and truncated proteins. The N‐terminus amino acid sequences of ExsY and CotY appear to be recognized by spore proteins located in the spore interspace, consistent with interactions seen with ExsY and CotY with the interspace proteins CotE and CotO, known to be involved with exosporium attachment.
Regulation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression by TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) in triple‐negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Pimentel Julio M. , Zhou Jun‐Ying , Wu Gen Sheng
Published: October 2022

Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer that lacks targeted therapies. Previous studies have shown that TNBC cells are highly sensitive to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL), making it a promising agent for treating TNBC. However, the development of TRAIL resistance limits its further clinical development, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we report the role of PD‐L1 in TRAIL resistance. Specifically, we found that TRAIL treatment increases PD‐L1 expression in TRAIL‐sensitive cells and that basal PD‐L1 expression is increased in acquired TRAIL‐resistant cells. Mechanistically, we found that increased PD‐L1 expression was accompanied by increased extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) activation. Using both genetic and pharmacological approaches, we showed that knockdown of ERK by siRNA or inhibition of ERK activation by the mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor U0126 decreased PD‐L1 expression and increased TRAIL‐induced cell death. Furthermore, we found that knockout or knockdown of PD‐L1 enhances TRAIL‐induced apoptosis, suggesting that PD‐L1‐mediated TRAIL resistance is independent of its ability to evade immune suppression. Therefore, this study identifies a noncanonical mechanism by which PD‐L1 promotes TRAIL resistance, which can be potentially exploited for immune checkpoint therapy.
Dietary d‐Lactate Intake Facilitates Inflammatory Resolution by Modulating M1 Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Yan Yongheng , Li Xiu , Yang Qin , Zhang Hao , Hettinga Kasper , Li Haitao , Chen Wei
Published: October 2022

Scope

Given the d‐lactate dehydrogenase (D‐LDH) deficiency, L‐ but not d‐lactate is assumed to be the physiological isomer in mammals. Paradoxically, many fermented foods (e.g., yogurt, sauerkraut, cheeses) often contain substantial amounts of d‐lactate. In the present study, dietary d‐lactate may be a previously unrecognized nutrient aiding in inflammatory resolution is hypothesized.

Methods and results

The anti‐inflammatory properties of d‐lactate are evaluated in experimental colitis and endotoxemia. Oral administration of d‐lactate favorably affects acute inflammation in two different mouse models. Analysis of lactate—the lactate receptor (the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 HCA1, formerly GPR81) signal axis in inflammation is performed in primary peritoneal macrophages and wild‐type (WT) or GPR81 knockout (KO) mice. GPR81 KO mice are susceptible to endotoxic shock than WT mice, while d‐lactate exerts its anti‐inflammatory activities in a GPR81‐dependent manner. Mechanistically, the activation of lactate‐GPR81 axis may suppress LPS‐TLR4 signaling to modulate M1 macrophage polarization. Although D‐LDH deficiency in mammals impairs d‐lactate clearance, it might prolong its plasma terminal half‐life, and thus provide a pharmacokinetic advantage of d‐lactate over l‐lactate.

Conclusion

This study highlights housekeeping function of the lactate‐GPR81 axis in inflammation control, and suggests that dietary intake of d‐lactate may underlie Metchnikoff's probiotic yogurt theory of life prolongation.
Antiviral capacity of polypropylene/(1‐Hexadecyl) trimethyl‐ammonium bromide composites against COVID‐19
Authors: Guerrero‐Bermea Cynthia , Rodríguez Fuentes Nayeli , Cervantes‐Uc José Manuel , Alcántara Quintana Luz Eugenia , Díaz‐Barriga Fernando , Pérez‐Vázquez Francisco , González‐Palomo Karen , Uribe‐Calderon Jorge Alonso
Published: October 2022

During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) pandemic, scientists from different areas are looking for alternatives to fight it. SARS‐CoV‐2, the cause of the infectious respiratory disease COVID‐19, is mainly transmitted through direct or indirect contact with infected respiratory droplets. The integrity of the virus structure is crucial for its viability to attack human cells. Quaternary ammonium salts are characterized by having antiviral capabilities which alter or destroy the structure of the viral capsid. In this work, polypropylene (PP)/(1‐Hexadecyl) trimethyl‐ammonium bromide (CTAB) composites have been prepared in order to create an antiviral material. The composites were melt processed and blown to produce thin films. The CTAB content on the antiviral effect was evaluated using antibodies and serum from infected patients with the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus. In addition, the mechanical and thermal properties of blown films were investigated, and CTAB release kinetics from the films was followed by UV–Vis. The results indicate that the virus tends to remain less on the polymer surface by increasing the amount of CTAB in the PP matrix.
An emerging field: Post‐translational modification in microbiome
Authors: Duan Haonan , Zhang Xu , Figeys Daniel
Published: October 2022

Post‐translational modifications (PTMs) play an essential role in most biological processes. PTMs on human proteins have been extensively studied. Studies on bacterial PTMs are emerging, which demonstrate that bacterial PTMs are different from human PTMs in their types, mechanisms and functions. Few PTM studies have been done on the microbiome. Here, we reviewed several studied PTMs in bacteria including phosphorylation, acetylation, succinylation, glycosylation, and proteases. We discussed the enzymes responsible for each PTM and their functions. We also summarized the current methods used to study microbiome PTMs and the observations demonstrating the roles of PTM in the microbe‐microbe interactions within the microbiome and their interactions with the environment or host. Although new methods and tools for PTM studies are still needed, the existing technologies have made great progress enabling a deeper understanding of the functional regulation of the microbiome. Large‐scale application of these microbiome‐wide PTM studies will provide a better understanding of the microbiome and its roles in the development of human diseases.
Councils in Action: Automating the Curation of Municipal Governance Data for Research
Authors: Maxfield Brown Eva , Weber Nicholas
Published: October 2022

Large scale comparative research into municipal governance is often prohibitively difficult due to a lack of high‐quality data. Recent advances in speech‐to‐text algorithms and natural language processing techniques has made it possible to more easily collect and analyze this type of data. In this paper, we introduce an open‐source platform, the Council Data Project (CDP), to curate novel datasets for research into municipal governance. The contribution of this work is two‐fold: 1. We demonstrate that CDP, as an infrastructure, can be used to assemble reliable comparative data across municipalities; 2. We provide exploratory analysis to show how CDP data can be used to gain insight into how municipal governments perform over time. We conclude by describing future directions for research on and with CDP such as the development of machine learning models for speaker annotation, outline generation, and named entity recognition to the linking of data for large‐scale comparative research.
Disrupting Design: A Multi‐level Technological Transition Study of Dribbble.com
Authors: Duan Yiran , Hemsley Jeff , Kelly Rebecca
Published: October 2022

As social media continues to integrate into people’s everyday lives, it provides a space for people to present their work and connect with others. This study seeks to understand how Dribbble.com, a site created in 2009 for visual designers to showcase their work, plays a role in the transformation of the visual design industry and design education. We use sociotechnical transitions theory to interpret 30 semi‐structured interviews with active Dribbble users. We find that the niche site Dribbble, along with the constellation of sites around it, are changing design regimes (the ways work gets done). Our Dribbble users report that the site changes how they develop and maintain their skills, find inspiration to solve design problems, keep up with trends, network with peers, produce and promote their portfolios and find jobs. However, the site also presents some challenges. For example, our interviewees indicate that they no longer receive constructive feedback on the platform. These emerging regimes are competing with, and coexisting with, existing design regimes. Our work contributes to social media studies by looking at under‐studied niche sites, like Dribbble, and how sites in the design space may be impacting the wider society.
Collaboration Networks and Career Trajectories: What Do Metadata from Data Repositories Tell Us?
Authors: Hemsley Jeff , Qin Jian , Bratt Sarah , Smith Alexander
Published: October 2022

Science is increasingly carried out through scientific collaborations, allowing researchers pool their experience, knowledge, and skills. In this work we identify factors related to a scientist’s collaboration capacity, their ability accumulate new collaborations over their career. To do this offer a new collaboration capacity framework and begin the work of validating it empirically by testing a number of hypotheses. We use data from GenBank, a cyberinfrastructure (CI)‐enabled data repository that stores and manages scientific data. The data allow us to construct longitudinal networks, thereby giving us yearly scientific collaboration maps. We find that a scientist’s network position at an early stage is related to their capacity to build new collaborations and that researchers who manage an upward trend in productivity tend to have higher collaboration capacity. Our work makes a contribution to science of science studies by offering a collaboration capacity framework and providing partial empirical support for it.
Entification of Metadata for Knowledge‐Graph‐Guided Discovery
Authors: Honick Brendan John , Polley Katherine Louise , Qin Jian
Published: October 2022

This paper reports on the application of entification to collections of archival metadata. Entification refers to the identification of the entities described in information objects and associated metadata records. The process presents issues about whether existing records‐style metadata records are suitable and how entification will affect user access and interaction with metadata and information objects. In this study, we developed an entification workflow that includes the following steps: data cleaning, entity reconciliation to create linked data through metadata enrichment, accuracy selection, and developing knowledge graphs to communicate the semantic relationships among entities. Additionally, we discuss the implications of entification for practitioners in the field of information science, especially current limitations in the process.
User Perception and Eye Movement on A Pandemic Data Visualization Dashboard
Authors: Huang Yu‐Wen , Yang Yu‐Ju , Jeng Wei
Published: October 2022

This study utilized a two‐phase user experiment to explore people’s perceptual and cognitive states interacting with the COVID‐19 dashboard to obtain outbreak information. Specifically, 27 participants were assigned to interact with this dashboard with different color arrangements and performed image‐memory, search, and browse visualization tasks sequentially. We found that the participants expected to obtain both global pandemic trends and single region/date statuses from the dashboard to help them grasp important information in the shortest possible time. They also allocated their attention differently to the dashboard’s content areas to match their individual visual movement and reading logics. Our participants indicated that the pandemic data visualization dashboard should use a principal‐color selection that is alarming but without causing panic. In the study’s second phase, an eye‐tracking experiment, it was found that the participants’ actual eye paths deviated from our expectations: clustering around headings and text, rather than on visualized charts or graphs as anticipated. Based on these findings, we provide design implications for builders of future data‐visualization and disaster dashboards.
Innovative Privacy Practices
Authors: Sanfilippo Madelyn Rose , Choksi Madiha Z. , Hinchliffe Lisa Janicke , Mulligan Deirdre , Wood Stacy
Published: October 2022

The panel is premised by a recurring theme in empirical privacy research: as privacy localism drive regulation and policy change, we are left with a landscape that is fragmented, across states and sectors; confusing, between places and stakeholders; and often insufficient, as laws address narrow sets of privacy harms or specific actors. This raises the question: How can organizations and individuals innovate to address privacy policy gaps and fragmentation? This panel aims to describe and discuss creative and experimental approaches to institutionalize privacy practices in different contexts and organizations, moving beyond relying on policy alone to promote social good. We address this from a variety of perspectives including licensing, contracting, privacy by design including via architecture, records laws, AI ethics, human rights, obfuscation, and activism.
A Longitudinal Study to Understand University Students' Searching as a Learning Process
Authors: Bhattacharya Nilavra
Published: October 2022

Learning, or addressing a gap in one's knowledge, is an important motivator behind information‐seeking activities. The Search as Learning research community advocates that information search systems should be reconfigured to become educational platforms to foster learning and sensemaking. Modern search systems have yet to adapt to support this function. An important step to foster learning during search is to identify behavioral patterns that distinguish searchers gaining more vs. less knowledge during search. Previous efforts have primarily studied searchers in the short term, typically during a single lab session. Researchers are concerned over this ephemeral approach, as learning is not fleeting, and takes place over time. We propose an exploratory longitudinal study to analyze the long‐term searching behaviour of students enrolled in a university course, over the span of a semester. Our research aims are to identify if and how students’ searching behaviour changes over time, as they gain new knowledge on a subject; and how processes like motivation, metacognition, self‐regulation, and other individual differences moderate their “searching as learning” behaviour. Findings from this exploratory longitudinal study will help to build improved information search systems that foster human learning and sensemaking.
Building Your Data and People Manager Skills to Help Lead in MCBK
Authors: Swain Deborah , Cunningham Christopher , Colbert‐Lewis Danielle , Brown Nijee , Tanner William
Published: October 2022

Mobilizing Computable Biomedical Knowledge (MCBK) means establishing repositories of data and publications from open‐access sources that will support early reviews and faster validation of programs or software to improve healthcare. Supporting Learning Health Systems (LHSs) in the US and worldwide, developers, researchers, and healthcare practitioners aim for a learning system where knowledge‐generated processes in medical and clinical practices support continued care improvements. Thus, data and information need to be shared, and where possible, openly accessed and tested. Librarians and knowledge managers are the professionals who can lead these LHS efforts.

Applying situated learning theory (Lave, 1991) in Alternative Event (AE), participants will interact in various ways aimed to promote leadership in LHS and CBK by information professionals and librarians. Building on knowledge from Michigan University School of Medicine's LHS leaders Charles Friedman and Rachel Richesson, there will be quick presentations on important aspects of MCBK and open access journals with activities. Participants review open access guidelines and samples from Learning Health Systems Journal Wiley Publication, and debate research quality for the use of data, machine learning, and/or computer software. Through role playing, attendees will learn how to persuade researchers to contribute data and publish in a reputable, open‐access electronic journal.
Equipping Students and Beyond with Sound COVID‐19 Knowledge to Survive and Thrive Despite the Pandemic
Authors: Chan Helen , Chu Sam , Gala Bhakti , Islam Md. Anwarul , Batool Syeda Hina , Bhardwaj Raj Kumar , Lamba Manika , Jayasekara Prasadi Kanchana
Published: October 2022

The COVID‐19 pandemic necessitated the understanding of the infodemic for making informed decisions. Limiting the spread of health misinformation and disinformation was the primary goal of the health informatics project. The project became the recipient of the ASIS&T “Chapter Innovation of the Year Award 2021”. A repertoire of online and offline initiatives was carried out with 9 well‐researched videos for promoting health informatics. Since August 2021, thousands of academics, librarians, teachers, parents, and students from 16 countries and regions were invited to be science communicators to create and disseminate accurate health information in their areas through an international digital story writing competition. In this paper, we will discuss the strategies of responding to the information crisis, including employing interventions that protect against the infodemic and mitigate its harmful effects, to strengthen the resilience of individuals and communities in dealing with it in an information‐resilient society.
Census Racial Metadata: Categories Used for Different Racial Groups Across Countries and Time
Authors: Cheng Siyao , Twidale Michael
Published: October 2022

A national census enables a government to comprehend its population. Questions concerning race and ethnicity are often included in census forms. We examined the racial category options provided in 35 countries' historical census forms over multiple decadal censuses. Analysis of these metadata options can help in understanding the way that official measures of race are socially constructed and reconstructed over place and time according to changing circumstances.
A Plug and Play Approach to Vocabulary Mapping and Document Annotation
Authors: Clunis Julaine
Published: October 2022

This study investigates the utility of open‐source data analytics, reporting, and integration tools for mapping knowledge organization systems (KOS) dedicated to COVID‐19. Using various natural language processing and machine learning methods, a workflow was created with the KNIME Analytics Platform for term mapping and document annotation tasks using string‐based, sense‐based, and rule‐based algorithmic methods. Results suggest strong support for mapping vocabularies within similar domains and appropriate tagging of unstructured data with concepts from an integrated dictionary created from mapped terms. This study demonstrates the use of a shareable, easily adaptable workflow for KOS mapping and annotating documents focused on COVID‐19 research. These mapped terms were then used for annotation of clinical trials. The results suggest that researchers could select and align vocabularies of interest and then use the results to annotate documents of interest.
Towards Data‐driven GIM tools: Two Prototypes
Authors: Dinneen Jesse David , Donner Sascha , Bubinger Helen , Low Jwen Fai , Krtalić Maja
Published: October 2022

Here we describe two approaches to improve group information management (GIM) and draw on the results of prior works to implement them in software prototypes. The first aids browsing and retrieving from large and unfamiliar collections like shared drives by dynamically reducing and re‐organising them. The second supports the transfer and re‐use of collections (e.g. to/by successors, descendants, or curators) by integrating novel sorting and annotation features. The prototypes' source code is shared online and screenshots are presented in the accompanying poster.
A Preliminary Analysis of Outreach Librarian's Knowledge and Skills
Authors: Du Yunfei , Byrne Sephra
Published: October 2022

Library services go beyond knowledge gatekeepers in the current information‐rich environment and provide outreach services to their communities. This paper analyzed 85 job postings from ALA Job lists that included the term “outreach” and analyzed job titles, duties, and qualifications in a 3‐dimensional plot. Implications for information science education are also discussed. Findings from this study may help library and information science programs strive to adapt their curriculum to meet market needs.
Implementing Virtual Reality Training for Librarians: Supporting Patrons in Crisis
Authors: Dumas Catherine , Williams Rachel D. , Flanagan Joanna , Porwol Lukasz
Published: October 2022

This research proposes a study that is part of a larger, interdisciplinary, and multi‐institutional project that examines the usability of VR training for library and information science (LIS) graduate students and professionals in gaining skills for interacting effectively with patrons in crisis. This project is entirely novel and innovative in its approach. To date, no virtual reality training for crisis management in libraries exists. Additionally, we hypothesize that our project will ultimately enable us to: reach a wider audience with training; consider the usability of VR training in LIS education; introduce training in low‐stakes environments that does not pose harm to patrons in crisis; engage students in an immersive learning experience. This project can create possibilities for how we approach LIS education within our department and support training students in vital, but difficult to teach, soft skills such as empathy and communication (Saunders & Bajjaly, 2021).
Collection Development Policies for Special Collections at Selected Academic Libraries
Authors: Faulkner James , Kim Jeonghyun
Published: October 2022

Collection development policies for university special collections and archives guide archival appraisal, which is the process by which archivists determine the value of an item. Much has been written about appraisal theory, but little is known about archivists' actual appraisal practice and how collection policy guides such practice. The object of this paper is to explore the appraisal practices of archivists by examining collection development policies. As a preliminary examination, this study analyzed the collection development policies of seven Texas tier‐one institutions. The most common component of the policies was a statement on the types of items collected or excluded. The study also found that the language used for these formats varied considerably with no standardization. The policies themselves also varied widely in detail.
COVID‐19 Tweet Links: A Preliminary Investigation of Type and Relevance
Authors: Goh Dion Hoe‐Lian , Lee Chei Sian , Zheng Han , Theng Yin Leng
Published: October 2022

We conducted an exploratory study of the links found in Twitter tweets. Our results showed that the largest category of tweet links was social media platforms followed by alternative news sites. Government agencies and educational institutions were under‐represented. In terms of relevance, about 75% of the links were related to COVID‐19 but disappointingly, only 40% of the links were directly related to their respective tweets' topics.
Google Scholar Metrics: Assessing LIS Researchers' Scholarship in a Developing Country
Authors: Islam Md. Anwarul , Howlader Ahmadul Islam , Roy Prodip
Published: October 2022

The objective of this study is to examine and analyze the use of Google Scholar metrics by a cohort of Bangladeshi library and information science (LIS) researchers. This study is a follow‐up to Islam and Roy (2021)’s study, which identified publications published by Bangladeshi LIS researchers in the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. We collected data purposively from the GS Profiles of LIS researchers working in different public and private universities. Only 32 LIS researchers in Bangladesh have a GS profile, with a total of 646 publications and 5,752 citations listed in their GS profiles. All LIS researchers have an h‐index, and our study identified strong correlations between the GS Citation metrics (publications, citations, h‐index). However, the overall scholarship visibility is low. This is the first time an attempt has been made to examine publication metrics of GS in the context of Bangladeshi LIS researchers. These findings would help policymakers and researchers integrate GS Profile into the university website to display their scholarship activities.
The Transitioning of the Term “Digital Library” in Response to Information Resilience: A Thematic Mapping of Literature From 2000–2021
Authors: Kumari Madhuri , Gala Bhakti
Published: October 2022

This study aims to explore the transition of the term “digital library” through a thematic mapping of published literature. To reach this purpose, we conducted a network analysis on the retrieved bibliographic dataset from the Scopus database. From 985 documents total of 77 high‐frequency keywords have been selected. Co‐occurrence of the top 20 keywords has been identified to get indicative themes. Among the top 20 high‐frequency keywords, the term “human” is identified as an emerging term based on the average publication year 2017. The terms from the blue‐colored cluster are “human”, “disease” “diagnosis” and many more to support information resiliency due to expanding areas in the context of the digital library.
Differences in User Information Behavior between Official Media and Private Media during the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Lei Li , Xuyan Wang , Shujun Liu , Kun Huang
Published: October 2022

Weibo is a widely used social media platform showing all kinds of information related to the COVID‐19 pandemic promptly in China. Official media and private media are two typical types of media on Weibo. Due to the different characteristics of these two media types, in the context of public health emergencies, it is worth exploring whether there are differences in the users' interactive behavior with information from these two types of media. This is of great significance to the integration and development of these two types of media.This study obtained data on the interaction behaviors of Weibo users with posts published by the two media types at various stages of the pandemic. Statistical analyses have confirmed significant differences in interaction behavior data between users and these two media types. In future research, based on the findings of this study, we will investigate the reasons behind these differences to provide relevant guidelines and suggestions for the release of different media in public health emergencies by conducting a deep dive analysis of user reviews.
Civic Data Education Series: Developing Civic Data Literacies to Serve Communities
Authors: Mattern Eleanor , Rapchak Marcia
Published: October 2022

This poster introduces the Civic Data Education Series, a collection of openly licensed modules and instructional materials that support the development of learners' civic data literacy. We designed this series for the learner communities of Library and Information Science (LIS) graduate students and library staff, with the goal of equipping library workers to assume civic data intermediary roles. In this poster, we present the meaning of “civic data literacy,” our project's aims and instructional design approach, and resulting materials.
Quantifying Individual Research's Distance from the Trends based on Dynamic Topic Modeling
Authors: Meng Jie , Lou Wen , He Jiangen
Published: October 2022

Research trends are the keys for researchers to decide their research agenda. However, only few works have tried to quantify how scholars follow the trends. This paper addresses this problem by proposing a novel measurement for quantifying how a scientific entity (paper or researcher) follows the hot topics in a research field. Specifically, the topic evolution and papers are vectorizing by dynamic topic modeling. Then the degree of hotness tracing is explored from three different perspectives: mainstream, short‐term direction, long‐term direction. Papers and researchers in the field of Computer Vision from 2006 to 2017 were selected to evaluate our method. Further study will show the results of topic evolution patterns and researchers' clusters.
Professional Development: Perception among School Librarians
Authors: Munyao Moses M.
Published: October 2022

The roles of school librarians as well as the needs of library users have been changing. To keep up with the changes, school librarians have been required to engage in professional development which enables them to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills for the effective provision of services and programs to their clients. School districts formulate policies that provide guidelines on the professional development requirements and activities for school librarians but there have been concerns on the effectiveness and approach of professional development as outlined in the policies. Using Ball's policy cycle theoretical framework, the study analyzed professional development policies within schools and interviewed school librarians to understand their perception of professional development. Findings from the study will enable librarians and administrators within the school and districts to understand the current state of professional development and may also suggest effective and innovative strategies in professional development for school librarians.
Factors Influencing Criminologists' Open Research Data Practices: Trust, Contract, and Value
Authors: Shih Yi‐Ru , Yang Yu‐Ju , Jeng Wei
Published: October 2022

This study investigated how researchers in criminology dealt with their research data and explored the potential factors that would influence their willingness to share and reuse others' research data. Our findings unveiled three factors, trust, contract, and value, deeply rooted in researchers' attitudes and their data sharing and reuse patterns and behaviors. Through comprehending their concern behind sharing and reusing research data, we seek crucial insights that could be beneficial in developing a criminological research data repository, further consolidating the research data infrastructure in social science. Sharing and reusing data can advance scientific research and provide innovative possibilities for practice in criminology (e.g., new correctional methods, new crime prevention policies), providing sustained and thriving energy for the field.
Influence of Interdisciplinarity on Scientific Impact: Case of Climate Change Field
Authors: Song Yijia , Fang Zhichao , Fu Hui‐Zhen
Published: October 2022

As interdisciplinary research attracts more attention, interdisciplinarity has become a significant factor to be explored for scientific impact. This study explored the influence of interdisciplinarity on scientific impact in the field of climate change, based on Web of Science data. Taking newly‐developed indicator DIV* and its components as interdisciplinarity measures, we used OLS regression and topic analysis to analyze their relationships with short‐term and long‐term scientific impact, respectively. We found that DIV* had an inverted U‐shaped relationship with scientific impact in overall positive correlation, and both long‐ and short‐term scientific impact increased with the growth of interdisciplinarity with a declining growth rate in most cases. For the three components of DIV*, balance and disparity are negatively and positively correlated with scientific impact, respectively, while variety has an inverted U‐shaped relationship. These findings provided theoretical and decision‐making support for evaluating the impact of interdisciplinary research in the field of climate change.
Towards a Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Competency Framework: A Content Analysis of Visible DEI Efforts on LIS Associations' Websites
Authors: Tang Rong , Hu Zhan , Pallo Bianca
Published: October 2022

In this poster, we report the findings of an investigation of 28 LIS associations' DEI efforts as evidenced through their websites. The DEI efforts were documented in terms of whether DEI was mentioned in associations' missions and goals, their code of conducts, and their competency frameworks, whether the associations provided DEI definitions, whether there were position statements, whether there were dedicated units leading the DEI efforts, whether there were specific DEI resources, and whether there were relevant contents on the homepage or as menu items. While we discovered the common patterns of DEI practice, we also uncovered notable gaps. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of associations in promoting and fostering DEI, it also shows the need for a consistent and visible effort for LIS associations to lead their professional community toward a robust work in DEI and developing a DEI competency framework for LIS professionals.
Persuasion in Audio‐based Social Media: A Clubhouse Interview Study
Authors: Xiao Lu , Wang Yueyue , Wei Xinyi
Published: October 2022

Clubhouse is an audio‐based social media platform launched in March 2020. In this platform, users create chat rooms for discussions around a topic of their choice. Organizers of these discussions can decide which listener in the room to be given the right to speak. To explore their experiences of persuading others and of being persuaded in Clubhouse discussions, we interviewed 16 Clubhouse users. One's credibility is important to the perceived persuasiveness of one's argument. In Clubhouse, one may establish their credibility through their profile pages where they introduce themselves such as their backgrounds, experiences, affiliations, passions, etc. Hence, our interviews also probed whether speakers' profile pages are used to check their credibility.
Perception and Use of COVID Contact Tracing Mobile Applications in New York State (NYS)
Authors: Yuan Xiaojun , Bennett Gayle DeeDee , Dadson Yvonne , Jung Ellie
Published: October 2022

The study explores the use of COVID‐19 related apps for contact tracing deployed in New York State (NYS). The project seeks to understand potential differences in perception, adoption, or privacy concerns among racial and ethnic populations and across age groups. Using the Antecedent‐Privacy Concerns‐Outcomes (APCO) framework and the perceived usefulness construct, this study explores factors influencing the individual level adoption of these apps. Data collected from 120 Amazon Mechanical Turkers located in NYS was analyzed. The results indicate that race and gender are important factors to consider in expanding the Antecedent‐Privacy Concerns‐Outcomes (APCO) framework. Specifically, race impacted the perception of the seriousness of the pandemic, with Asians and Black being serious about the pandemic. Age played a role in privacy and security concerns. The youngest group of respondents, aged 18–24, did not have many privacy and security concerns about mobile apps. These results provided empirical results and evidence that can contribute to the expansion of the APCO model and help further the model's development.
Impact of Protective Layer Structures on High‐Temperature Annealing of GaN
Authors: Wang Zheming , Deng Xuguang , Fu Houqiang , Zhang Li , Yu Guohao , Xu Kun , Yang Feng , Fan Yaming , Zhang Baoshun
Published: October 2022

GaN decomposition at high‐temperature annealing after ion implantation is a huge hurdle to the further maturation of GaN technology. To solve this issue, this work studies the impact of different protective layer structures on high‐temperature annealing of GaN under 1200–1250 °C, including single‐layer structures and double‐layer structures. Single‐layer structures are the SiN layer grown by low‐pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) and the SiON layer by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Double‐layer structures include oxides (Al2O3, SiO2, HfO2) deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on top of low‐stress SiN by LPCVD or SiON grown by PECVD and epitaxial AlN by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) with sputtered AlN. It is found that either SiO2 with the low‐stress SiN or AlN double capping layers was capable of completely preventing GaN decomposition in the temperature range of 1200–1250 °C. Finally, the protective layer with 20 nm Al2O3 and 300 nm low‐stress LP‐SiN is utilized in the annealing of Si‐implanted GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) structure for activation. The excellent electrical performance are characterized. This work can provide valuable information on the ion implantation and high‐temperature annealing of GaN, which is critical for the further development of gold‐free ohmic contact with GaN devices.
Grain Size‐Dependent Structural, Optical, Dielectric, and Magnetic Properties of YFeO3 Nanomaterials Obtained by the Sol–Gel Technique Using Tartaric Acid as a Chelating Agent
Authors: Venkatrao Chokka , Rama Sekhara Reddy Dachuru , Kandula Kumara Raja , Bhimireddi Rajasekhar
Published: October 2022

This article reports the structural, optical, dielectric, and magnetic properties of yttrium orthoferrite (YFeO3) nanomaterials with different crystallite sizes derived from the sol–gel technique using tartaric acid as a complex agent. Different crystallite sizes (ranging from 0.4 to 2.11 μm) of YFeO3 (YFO) are fabricated by altering the sintering temperatures (in the range of 1173–1623 K) for the same duration (5 h). Rietveld refinements suggest that the different crystallite sizes of YFO exhibit a pure orthorhombic perovskite structure with the Pmna space group. It is observed that the grain size of the material increased with increasing sintering temperature. The highest magnetization value (5.078 emu g−1) is observed for the 0.89 μm size of YFO. A decrease in the optical bandgap of YFO material is observed with an increase in crystallite size. In conclusion, the optimized crystallite size is 0.89 μm for achieving the highest magnetization value of the YFO material synthesized by the sol–gel technique using tartaric acid as a chelating agent.
Analysis of N‐nitrosodimethylamine in metformin hydrochloride products by high‐resolution accurate mass gas chromatography mass spectrometry
Authors: Kee Chee‐Leong , Zeng Yun , Ge Xiaowei , Lim Jing‐Quan , Teo Jessie Hong‐Gek , Low Min‐Yong
Published: October 2022

Rationale

The high resolving power of the Orbitrap mass spectrometer in a high‐resolution accurate mass gas chromatography (HRAM‐GC‐MS) system provides greater selectivity and sensitivity for the identification and quantification of volatile analytes at low parts per billion (ppb) levels. Hence, it can be applied for the analysis of pharmaceutical impurities like N‐nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in metformin hydrochloride products (METs).

Methods

Different METs extracted by a dichloromethane/aqueous system were analyzed by HRAM‐GC‐MS under softer electron ionization (EI) at 30 eV. The accurate masses of NDMA and its internal standard NDMA‐d6 were analyzed by full scan and targeted selected ion monitoring modes under 60 000 and 30 000 full width at half maximum at m/z 200, respectively. Data acquisition and processing were managed by Xcalibur and Trace Finder software, respectively.

Results

Limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) at 10 and 20 ng/g were achieved, which is below the allowed daily intake of 32 ng/g. The mass errors measured from experimental data were within ±2 ppm of the theoretical values over a period of a week. Sample analysis showed that 180 out of 212 samples (85%) were below LOD and 15 out of 212 samples (7 %) were within LOD and LOQ. Only 17 samples (8%) were found to be above LOQ, comprising one active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), five immediate‐release METs and 11 extended‐released METs. Amongst these, seven extended‐release METs and one API exceeded the daily allowed intake, 32 ng/g.

Conclusions

The validated method has been successfully applied for NDMA analysis in various forms of METs. The method is rather straightforward without an additional clean‐up step. The scope can also be extended to other volatile impurities in finished pharmaceutical products.
Risedronate use may blunt appendicular lean mass loss secondary to sleeve gastrectomy: results from a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Flores Laura E. , Beavers Kristen M. , Beavers Daniel P. , Greene Katelyn A. , Madrid Diana A. , Miller Ryan M. , Ard Jamy D. , Bilek Laura D. , Weaver Ashley A.
Published: October 2022

Background

Despite robust weight loss and cardiometabolic benefit, lean mass loss following sleeve gastrectomy (SG) confers health risk. Bisphosphonates are a potential therapeutic agent for lean mass maintenance. Thus, our objective was to explore the effect of 6 months of risedronate (vs. placebo) on change in dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA)‐ and computed tomography (CT)‐derived lean mass metrics in the year following SG.

Methods

Twenty‐four SG patients were randomized to 6 months of 150‐mg oral risedronate or placebo capsules (NCT03411902). Body composition was assessed at baseline and 6 months with optional 12‐month follow‐up using whole‐body DXA and CT at the lumbar spine and mid‐thigh. Group treatment effects and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated from a mixed model using contrast statements at 6 and 12 months, adjusted for baseline values.

Results

Of 24 participants enrolled [55.7 ± 6.7 years (mean ± SD), 79% Caucasian, 83% women, body mass index (BMI) 44.7 ± 6.3 kg/m2], 21 returned for 6‐month testing and 14 returned for 12‐month testing. Six‐month weight loss was −16.3 kg (−20.0, −12.5) and −20.9 kg (−23.7, −18.1) in the risedronate and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.057). Primary analysis at 6 months revealed a non‐significant sparing of appendicular lean mass in the risedronate group compared with placebo [−1.2 kg (−2.3, −0.1) vs. −2.1 kg (−3.0, −1.2)]; P = 0.20. By 12 months, the risedronate group displayed no change in appendicular lean mass from baseline [−0.5 kg (−1.5, 0.6)]; however, the placebo group experienced significantly augmented loss [−2.9 kg (−3.6, −2.1)].

Conclusions

Pilot data indicate that risedronate treatment may mitigate appendicular lean mass loss following SG. Further study is warranted.