bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis Jurídico del Catfishing en Transacciones de Comercio Telemático en Ecuador: Desafíos y Soluciones en el Contexto de la Seguridad Cibernética
Authors: Coronel-Rivera Katerine Alexandra , Arévalo-Vásquez Carmen Elizabeth , Villavicencio Marcel
Published: October 2024

En los últimos años Ecuador experimentó un crecimiento económico impulsado por la expansión de la conectividad a internet, el uso masivo de dispositivos móviles, la transformación digital y el impacto tecnológico de la pandemia por Covid-19. Este avance provocó un incremento en el número de tiendas virtuales, ofreciendo una amplia variedad de productos y servicios en la web, fortaleciendo la confianza de los consumidores en las compras en línea. Este progreso digital, también ha dado paso a nuevos tipos de delitos cibernéticos como el “Catfishing”, término que hace referencia a la suplantación de identidades en los procesos del comercio telemático. En esta investigación se realiza un análisis sobre el Catfishing en transacciones de comercio telemático en Ecuador, abordando detalladamente los desafíos y soluciones para reforzar la seguridad cibernética en este campo con miras en difundir sus efectos a la comunidad ecuatoriana sobre estos actos delictivos emergentes. El Catfishing constituye una práctica que implica suplantar identidades en línea con el fin de engañar a las personas y obtener ganancias económicas, este delito cibernético se convierte en una problemática real para la libre oferta-demanda que exige la comunidad globalizada. Por ello se resalta la importancia de comprender este fenómeno y concientizar los riesgos y consecuencias de estos ciberataques, para ello se estudiará el Catfishing y su impacto en el comercio telemático ecuatoriano a través del análisis de su normativa legal, con el fin de brindar una visión integral y critica sobre esta problemática
La garantía constitucional del juez competente en la Justicia Indigena del Ecuador Analisis de la Sentencia 001-12-EI21 de la Corte Constitucional
Authors: Figueroa-Ayovi Rosa Vanessa , Morales-Castro Samuel
Published: October 2024

La Justicia Indígena en Ecuador, reconocida por la Constitución de 2008, permite a los pueblos indígenas ejercer funciones jurisdiccionales dentro de sus territorios, respetando sus costumbres ancestrales y derechos. Este sistema debe alinearse con la Constitución, los derechos humanos y tratados internacionales como el Convenio 169 de la OIT. Se garantiza la participación de las mujeres y el respeto a los derechos fundamentales.
El pluralismo jurídico en Ecuador, consolidado también en la Constitución, reconoce la coexistencia de la justicia ordinaria y la justicia indígena. Autores como De Sousa Santos y Vallejo destacan su importancia en sociedades poscoloniales. Sin embargo, la coordinación entre ambos sistemas plantea desafíos, particularmente en casos graves que afectan la vida, que son competencia del sistema judicial ordinario.
El artículo 171 de la Constitución y normativas conexas, como el Código Orgánico de la Función Judicial y el COOTAD, establecen los principios para la práctica de la justicia indígena, que se basa en la armonía social y el respeto a las normas ancestrales. La Corte Constitucional ha reafirmado este marco, reconociendo la autonomía de las comunidades para resolver conflictos internos.
Un caso relevante, la sentencia No. 1-12-EI/21, trató una acción presentada por Mariana Paqui contra una decisión de la justicia indígena. La Corte concluyó que no se vulneraron derechos, ya que la autoridad indígena actuó dentro de su jurisdicción. No obstante, el fallo plantea interrogantes sobre las garantías de derechos individuales y sugiere la necesidad de mecanismos de apelación y evaluación en casos más complejos.
Implementación de un prototipo didáctico para el aprendizaje experimental de la cinemática
Authors: Merlo-Veintimilla Alex Antonio , Rosado-Cusme Kelvin Agustín , Arteaga-Bazurto Luis Eduardo
Published: October 2024

La abstracción de términos empleados en cinemática como velocidad y movimiento, suele dificultar la comprensión de estos conceptos por parte de los estudiantes y repercute de manera directa en su rendimiento académico. Las metodologías tradicionales, basadas en la memorización y la exposición, resultan insuficientes para involucrar a los alumnos en un aprendizaje activo. En este contexto, se plantea implementar un prototipo didáctico que facilite el aprendizaje experimental de la cinemática. El objetivo es evaluar su impacto en la comprensión conceptual y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de una Unidad Educativa del nivel secundario de Ecuador. El estudio empleó un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño pre-experimental, evaluando el impacto de un prototipo didáctico en el aprendizaje de la cinemática. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 66 estudiantes de primero de bachillerato, distribuidos en dos paralelos: 33 estudiantes en el grupo de control, que utilizó métodos tradicionales, y 33 en el grupo experimental, que interactuó con el prototipo. La recolección y análisis de datos se realizó mediante el software Jamovi, lo que permitió comparar el desempeño de ambos grupos en relación con las actividades propuestas. Los resultados mostraron que la implementación del prototipo didáctico, respaldada por la revisión documental que sustentó su diseño, mejoró la comprensión y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes en cinemática. Se concluye que el enfoque práctico y activo en el aprendizaje es altamente efectivo, promoviendo un entendimiento más profundo y un mayor interés por las ciencias.
THE POTENTIAL OF THE AMAZON DEVELOPMENT FUND IN PROMOTING RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY OF THE AMAZON BIONESSUS CENTER
Authors: Almeida Bárbara Dias Cabral , de Araújo Maria Goretti Falcão , Machado Rita de Cássia Pinheiro , Lasmar Dimas José , Mafra Rosana Zau
Published: October 2024

The article aims to present the Amazon Development Fund (FDA) as a possible agent for promoting science, technology and innovation (ST&I) capable of providing financial resources to the Amazon Biobusiness Center (CBA), highlighting legal points that need to be suppressed, changed or created for legislative improvement, aiming at strategic partnerships between the FDA and CBA. One of the FDA's allocation forecasts is that a portion of the proceeds from the return of financing operations granted will be allocated to support research, development and technology activities of interest to regional development. This is in line with the CBA's objectives. It is understood that biodiversity conservation, development of sustainable technologies, generation of scientific knowledge and training and stimulation of innovation and entrepreneurship are important for the Amazon region and this is the pillar that supports the CBA. The legislative obstacles that may hinder the aforementioned partnership are analyzed. The study shows that although the financing procedure involves many actors, which can make its implementation complex, bureaucratic and slow, possible solutions to the FDA's legislative obstacles were identified, which can make its full potential viable and be an important instrument for promoting ST&I in the Amazon region, benefiting institutions and especially the CBA.
O USO DE DRONES NA AGRICULTURA DE PRECISÃO: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Betoni Priscilla de Oliveira , Da Silva Nilza Nascimento , Stuchi Elisangela Mara de Souza , Inoue Miriam Hiroko
Published: October 2024

O uso de drones na agricultura de precisão tem se tornado ferramenta revolucionária no setor agrícola, devido à sua capacidade de otimizar processos, aumentar a produtividade e reduzir os custos, ao mesmo tempo que promove práticas mais sustentáveis no campo. Diante desse cenário, o presente artigo possui o objetivo de descrever aspectos importantes no uso de drones na agricultura de precisão. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico, buscando, por meio dos periódicos CAPES e Scielo, artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos, cuja temática fosse a utilização de drones na agricultura de precisão. A partir dos resultados evidencia-se que a utilização de drones na agricultura de precisão é promissora, com projeções cada vez maiores nas lavouras brasileiras. Tal resultado reflete aspectos importantes dentre os benefícios desse recurso, que é a redução de tempo e de custos para o produtor, o que, consequentemente, aumenta a produtividade da lavoura.
Evolution of Indo-US Diplomatic Ties: A Historical Analysis
Authors: Mustafa Ghulam , Shahbaz Maryam , Liaqat Bilal Bin , Munir Hafiz Muhammad Amjad
Published: October 2024

The relationship between India and United States has significantly changed since independence of India in 1947, this period marked ups and downs in relationship between both the countries.  They had cooperation as well as tensions during that period of time. Initially their relations were stressed during Cold War due to some alliances, as India favored Soviet Union and United States aligned with Pakistan. Key events like Indo-Pak wars and Sino-Indian war affected their bilateral relationship. End of Cold War and mutual concerns regarding China gave rise to a closer partnership. Indian leaders like Nehru, Shastri, Indira Gandhi, and Rajiv Gandhi each navigated challenges like nuclear issues and regional struggles. From 1991 to 2014, economic reforms and strategic agreements, especially during the tenures of Rao, Vajpayee, and Singh deepened the ties especially in trade, technology and defense collaboration. By 2014 the Indo-US relationship had altered into a strong global partnership.
LOWALANGI DALAM KONSEP TRI HITA KARANA DALAM KEARIFAN LOKAL NIAS
Authors: Harefa Darmawan , I Made Sutajaya  , I Wayan Suja  , Ida Bagus Made Astawa
Published: October 2024

This study aims to explore the local wisdom of the Nias community, particularly the concept of Lowalangi (God) within the context of Tri Hita Karana. This concept emphasizes the balance between humans, nature, and God as a foundation for daily life. Through a literature study method, this research analyzes various sources that link spiritual values, customary practices, and environmental preservation within Nias culture. The findings indicate that Lowalangi serves as a unifying element in social and ecological relationships, creating harmony in the interactions between the community and the environment. This research also highlights the challenges of modernization faced by the Nias community and the importance of education and policies that support the preservation of local wisdom. It is hoped that the results of this study will contribute to a deeper understanding of the integration of local values in efforts towards sustainability and cultural preservation.
Investigating LLM Capabilities in the Identification of Compilation Errors in Configurable Systems
Authors: Albuquerque Lucas , Gheyi Rohit
Published: October 2024

Compilation is an important process in developing configurable systems, such as Linux. However, identifying compilation errors in configurable systems is not straightforward because traditional compilers are not variability-aware. Previous approaches that detect some of these compilation errors often rely on advanced techniques that require significant effort from programmers. This study evaluates the efficacy of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically CHATGPT4, GEMINI ADVANCED 1.5, LE CHAT MISTRAL, and LLAMA 3, in identifying compilation errors in configurable systems. We evaluate them in 30 small configurable systems in C, covering 17 different types of compilation errors. CHATGPT4 successfully identified 28 out of 30 compilation errors. LE CHAT MISTRAL, LLAMA 3 and GEMINI ADVANCED 1.5 detected 24, 20, and 16 errors, respectively. LLMs have shown potential in assisting developers in identifying compilation errors in configurable systems.
Avaliação Comparativa do GitHub Copilot e do Amazon CodeWhisperer na Geração Automática de Código-Fonte
Authors: Miranda Pedro C. , Andrade Michelle Hanne S. de
Published: October 2024

Empresas de tecnologia como Amazon e OpenAI têm investido na criação de Large Language Models (LLMs) que auxiliam desenvolvedores a gerarem códigos-fonte. Este trabalho procura avaliar a eficácia das ferramentas de geração automática de código-fonte GitHub Copilot e Amazon CodeWhisperer. Essas ferramentas usam modelos de linguagem treinados com código-fonte público do GitHub para gerar sugestões a partir de descrições em linguagem natural. Este estudo coletou 33 problemas de programação do site LeetCode, em três linguagens de programação: Python, Javascript e Java. Posteriormente, foi gerado para cada linguagem o código-fonte com o uso do GitHub Copilot e Amazon CodeWhisperer. Em seguida, os códigos-fonte gerados foram submetidos e analisados pela plataforma LeetCode. Os resultados indicam que o GitHub Copilot apresentou uma taxa de assertividade superior (77,78%) em comparação ao Amazon CodeWhisperer (64,8%), embora não tenha ocorrido diferenças significativas em termos de eficiência e legibilidade dos códigos gerados.
Organizing the State of Practice on Technical Debt Prevention, Monitoring, and Payment in Software Projects
Authors: Freire Sávio , Spínola Rodrigo , Mendonça Manoel
Published: October 2024

Knowing technical debt (TD) prevention, monitoring, and payment practices can help development teams choose the best practices for their projects. Identifying the practice avoidance reasons that lead to non-prevention, non-monitoring, and non-payment of TD can support teams in increasing their ability to manage TD items. This Ph.D. dissertation aims to investigate the state of practice in managing TD items in software projects through the continuous and independent replicating of a family of globally distributed surveys named InsighTD. We conducted a literature review on TD prevention, monitoring, and payment and then analyzed data collected by six InsighTD replication teams. The results yielded three types of artifacts: (1) an updated TD conceptual model, (2) a set of TD management maps, and (3) the IDEA diagrams listing TD Impediments, Decision factors, Enabling practices, and Actions. Lastly, we assessed these artifacts through empirical studies in academia and industry.
Impostor Phenomenon in Software Engineers
Authors: Guenes Paloma , Kalinowski Marcos , Baldassarre Maria Teresa
Published: October 2024

The Impostor Phenomenon (IP) is the feeling of inaccurately perceiving oneself and frequently facing a significant fear of being exposed as a fraud, with impacts that can lead to mental disorders such as depression and burnout. This dissertation describes research that investigates the extent of impostor feelings among software engineers, considering aspects such as gender, race/ethnicity, and professional roles. Additionally, we explore the influence of IP on perceived productivity. Our results indicate that 52.7% of software engineers experience frequent to intense levels of IP, which has a statistically significant negative effect on perceived productivity.
ATHENA-FL: Avoiding Statistical Heterogeneity with One-versus-All in Federated Learning
Authors: De Souza Lucas Airam C. , Camilo Gustavo F. , Rebello Gabriel Antonio F. , Sammarco Matteo , Campista Miguel Elias M. , Costa Luís Henrique M. K.
Published: October 2024

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed approach to train machine learning models without disclosing private data from participating clients to a central server. Nevertheless, FL training struggles to converge when clients have distinct data distributions, which leads to an increased training time and model prediction error. We propose ATHENA-FL, a federated learning system that considers clients with heterogeneous data distributions to generate accurate models in fewer training epochs than state-of-the-art approaches. ATHENA-FL reduces communication costs, providing an additional positive aspect for resource-constrained scenarios. ATHENA-FL mitigates data heterogeneity by introducing a preliminary step before training that clusters clients with similar data distribution. To handle that, we use the weights of a locally trained neural network used as a probe. The proposed system also uses the one-versus-all model to train one binary detector for each class in the cluster. Thus, clients can compose complex models combining multiple detectors. These detectors are shared with all participants through the system's database. We evaluate the clustering procedure using different layers from the neural network and verify that the last layer is sufficient to cluster the clients efficiently. The experiments show that using the last layer as input for the clustering algorithm transmits 99.68% fewer bytes to generate clusters compared to using all the neural network weights. Finally, our results show that ATHENA-FL correctly identifies samples, achieving up to 10.9% higher accuracy than traditional training. Furthermore, ATHENA-FL achieves lower training communication costs compared with MobileNet architecture, reducing the number of transmitted bytes between 25% and 97% across evaluated scenarios.
Troca de Bibliotecas em Sistemas com e sem Arquitetura Limpa: Uma Análise de Esforço
Authors: Pimenta Vinicius T. , Cirilo Elder , Terra Ricardo
Published: October 2024

A arquitetura limpa é uma abordagem de desenvolvimento de software que visa facilitar a compreensão, manutenção e evolução do código, através da separação de responsabilidades em camadas claramente definidas. No entanto, essa arquitetura aumenta a verbosidade e a complexidade do sistema devido ao uso de muitas interfaces e classes adicionais, exigindo uma maior curva de aprendizado. Este trabalho avalia o esforço de troca de bibliotecas em sistemas com e sem arquitetura limpa. Um sistema desenvolvido com uma arquitetura convencional foi convertido para seguir todas as diretrizes da arquitetura limpa. Em seguida, três bibliotecas foram substituídas: typeorm por prisma, express por apollo-server e bull por bullmq. O esforço foi medido em termos de linhas de código alteradas e tempo necessário para as trocas. A conclusão foi que a arquitetura limpa apresentou menor esforço para trocar as bibliotecas, mas maior tempo de implementação, resultando em um sistema mais fácil de manter.
Evaluating Test Quality in GitHub Repositories: A Comparative Analysis of CI/CD Practices Using GitHub Actions
Authors: Silva Edson Campolina , Rodrigues Rodolfo , Oliveira Johnatan , Boechat Danilo , Tavares Cleiton
Published: October 2024

Tests are present in different stages of software development and perform an important role throughout the lifecycle of an application. Although, test smells are undesirable, as they characterize poorly designed tests that negatively impact their quality. Therefore, the goal of this study is to investigate the quality of tests in GitHub repositories that implement or do not implement Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery (CI/CD). To achieve this goal, we conduct a comparative analysis between repositories that use GitHub Actions as CI/CD environments and repositories that do not use CI/CD. To evaluate the quality of the test suite, test smells were detected, and bug issues and the time taken to fix these issues were analyzed. In total, 651 repositories that use GitHub Actions and 289 that do not use CI/CD were analyzed. As a result, 1,648,254 test smells were identified in repositories that use GitHub Actions and 709,680 in repositories that do not. It was found that 86.18% of bug-type issues were closed in repositories that use GitHub Actions, compared to 89.20% in those that do not. Furthermore, the median time for resolving bug-type issues was 156 hours in repositories using GitHub Actions, compared to 178 hours in those without CI/CD. Finally, after statistical tests, it was not possible to state that the use of GitHub Actions in the repositories improves the quality of the tests implemented.
Analisando a Qualidade do Código em Plataformas de Cursos Online Abertos e Massivos
Authors: Rocha Otávio Vinícius , Brito Aline , Tavares Cleiton , Xavier Laerte , Assis Simone
Published: October 2024

Frequentemente, estudantes utilizam Cursos Online Abertos e Massivos para aprender novas tecnologias. Nessas plataformas, os educadores podem fornecer código-fonte dos projetos para que os alunos realizem exercícios práticos. Nesse contexto, a qualidade do código é um fator relevante, visto que problemas podem impactar centenas de alunos. Além disso, os alunos aprendem usando estes exemplos. Neste trabalho, investiga-se a qualidade do código-fonte destes cursos. Especificamente, analisam-se 352 projetos, envolvendo cinco linguagens de programação: Java, JavaScript, TypeScript, Python e Go. Detectou-se cerca de 8 mil problemas de código em mais de 11 mil arquivos. A maioria dos problemas refere-se a code smells de baixa gravidade. Além disso, não existe uma correlação significativa entre a popularidade e a qualidade do código. Em resumo, os resultados sugerem que a qualidade do código disponibilizado nestas plataformas é satisfatória para os estudantes. Por fim, conclui-se o trabalho prospectando futuras linhas de pesquisa e discutindo sobre a adoção de ferramentas de análise de código.
Методология оценки уровня устойчивого функционирования промышленного предприятия с учетом особенностей цифровой трансформации
Authors: Головина А.Н. , Третьяков К.А. , Тимошин А.А.
Published: October 2024

в статье рассматривается систематическое применение цифровой трансформации на предприятиях, проводится анализ эффективности внедрения искусственного интеллекта и оценка устойчивого функционирования промышленного предприятия. В ходе работы удалось проследить изменения на металлургических предприятиях в рамках внедрения цифровой трансформации, что оказало положительное влияние на многие показатели. Теоретический анализ предоставил возможность изучить цифровую экосистему предприятия, исследовать ее положительные стороны на ведение бизнес-процессов. При внедрении цифровой трансформации на предприятиях не были обнаружены отрицательные факторы, способные снизить конкурентоспособность предприятия или ухудшить качество продукции. Цель настоящей работы – проанализировать методологию оценки уровня устойчивого функционирования промышленного предприятия с учетом особенностей цифровой трансформации Методы исследования: анализ, синтез, обобщение полученных данных.

the article determines the systematic application of digital transformation in enterprises, analyzes the effectiveness of the artificial intelligence`s implementation and assesses the sustainable functioning of an industrial enterprise. During the work it was possible to trace changes at metallurgical enterprises as part of the digital transformation`s implementation which had a positive impact on many indicators. Theoretical analysis provided an opportunity to study the digital ecosystem of the enterprise and explore its positive aspects on the conduct of business processes. When implementing digital transformation at enterprises, no negative factors were discovered that could reduce the competitiveness of the enterprise or deteriorate the quality of products. The purpose of this work is to analyze the methodology for assessing the level of sustainable functioning of an industrial enterprise, taking into account the features of digital transformation Research methods: analysis, synthesis, generalization of the data obtained.
Оценка эффективности проектов «зеленого» финансирования в Египте
Authors: Мохаммед Х.А.М.
Published: October 2024

в настоящей научной работе автор кратко анализирует оценку эффективности проектов «зеленого» финансирования в современном Египте. Для этого автор исследует сущность самого по себе «зеленого» строительства, кратко разбирает конкретные принципы организации и функционирования. Рассматривается исторический аспект, а также современное состояние «зеленого» финансирования в странах Африки. Автор выделяет проблемные аспекты и перспективные направления, акцентируя внимание на том, что в настоящее время невозможно эффективно внедрить подобные проекты ввиду целой совокупности различных препятствий. В заключении автор упоминает также необходимость оказания содействия со стороны международного сообщества для достижения желаемого результата. Методы: формально-юридический, сравнительный анализ, диалектический, статистический, математический, обобщение, конкретизация, систематизация, дедукция, иные методы теоретического и практического уровней научного познания. Результаты (Findings): Научная новизна данного научного исследования заключается в подготовке комплексного исследования, формировании авторских выводов оценки эффективности проектов «зеленого» финансирования в современном Египте. Выводы: Данная научная статья будет полезна теоретикам, практикам, обучающимся и профессорско-преподавательскому составу, а также широкому кругу читателей, интересующихся актуальными проблемами разработки и внедрения в практику «зеленого» строительства в общемировой макроэкономической сети.

in this scientific work, the author briefly analyzes the assessment of the effectiveness of green finance projects in modern Egypt. To do this, the author examines the essence of “green” construction itself and briefly examines the specific principles of organization and operation. The historical aspect is considered, as well as the current state of “green” financing in African countries. The author highlights problematic aspects and promising areas, focusing on the fact that at present it is impossible to effectively implement such projects due to a whole range of various obstacles. In conclusion, the author also mentions the need for assistance from the international community to achieve the desired result. Methods: formal legal, comparative analysis, dialectical, statistical, mathematical, generalization, concretization, systematization, deduction, other methods of theoretical and practical levels of scientific knowledge. Findings: The scientific novelty of this scientific research lies in the preparation of a comprehensive study, the formation of the author's conclusions assessing the effectiveness of green financing projects in modern Egypt. Conclusions: This scientific article will be useful to theorists, practitioners, students and teaching staff, as well as a wide range of readers interested in current problems of the development and implementation of “green” construction in the global macroeconomic network.
Факторы обеспечения экономической безопасности российских предприятий с экспортным потенциалом в современных условиях
Authors: Таранова Д.В.
Published: October 2024

в современных нестабильных геополитических и экономических условиях для российских предприятий на первый план выходит управление экономической безопасностью. Особенно актуален данный вопрос для российских предприятий с экспортным потенциалом. Для выхода таких предприятий на мировой рынок в условиях экономических санкций и ограничений необходимо учитывать множество разнообразных факторов, оказывающих влияние на обеспечение их экономической безопасности. Исследование и систематизация указанных факторов позволяет укрепить устойчивость компании и ее конкурентные преимущества на мировом рынке. В данной статье выявлены и классифицированы факторы обеспечения экономической безопасности российских предприятий с экспортным потенциалом в современных условиях. В рамках данной статьи были рассмотрены следующие факторы: геополитические факторы, технологические факторы, финансовые факторы, факторы социальной ответственности и экологической устойчивости, регуляторные факторы. Сделан акцент на геополитических факторах, имеющих наибольшую актуальность в настоящее время. К таким факторам были отнесены: санкции и торговые ограничения, изменения в международных торговых соглашениях, изменения в международных стандартах и нормах, политическая нестабильность некоторых стран, участвующих в цепочке поставок. Предложены стратегии и мероприятия по снижению рисков, возникающих при отрицательном влиянии рассмотренных факторов.

in today's unstable geopolitical and economic conditions, economic security management is coming to the fore for Russian enterprises. This issue is especially relevant for Russian enterprises with export potential. In order for such enterprises to enter the world market under conditions of economic sanctions and restrictions, it is necessary to take into account a variety of factors that affect their economic security. The study and systematization of these factors makes it possible to strengthen the stability of the company and its competitive advantages in the global market. This article identifies and classifies the factors of ensuring the economic security of Russian enterprises with export potential in modern conditions. The following factors were considered in this article: geopolitical factors, technological factors, financial factors, factors of social responsibility and environmental sustainability, regulatory factors. The emphasis is placed on the geopolitical factors that are most relevant at the present time. These factors included: sanctions and trade restrictions, changes in international trade agreements, changes in international standards and norms, and political instability in some countries involved in the supply chain. Strategies and measures to reduce the risks arising from the negative influence of the considered factors are proposed.
Особенности медиапредставления лженаучной информации в социальных сетях Китая
Authors: Ма Кэ.
Published: October 2024

с наступлением цифровой эры социальные сетей в Китае стремительно развиваются и давно стали одним из основных источников распространения информации для общественности. Однако проблема распространения лженаучной информации в них становится все более острой. Данная статья направлена на изучение особенностей медиапредставления лженаучной информации в социальных сетях Китая. Проанализировав лженаучные публикации, размещенные на наиболее популярных платформах Weibo и WeChat, автор приводит к следующим выводам:1) основными распространителями лженаучной информации являются рядовые пользователи, что указывает на их ограниченные возможности в получении и понимании научных знаний; 2) тематика лженаучной информации сосредоточена на вопросах, связанных с повседневной жизнью, отражая высокий спрос общественности на научную информацию; 3) в лженаучных текстах содержат два основные фактора, вводящие в заблуждение – размытость научных доказательства и мобилизация эмоции, что представляет потенциальную опасность пользователям социальных сетей. Для борьбы с распространением лженаучной информации необходимы меры, такие как повышение научной грамотности населения, усиление контроля над платформами, создание авторитетных каналов для опровержения лженаучной информации и т.д.

with the advent of the digital era, social networks in China are rapidly developing and have long become one of the main sources of dissemination of information for the public. However, the problem of dissemination of pseudoscientific information in them is becoming increasingly acute. This article is aimed at studying the features of media representation of pseudoscientific information in social networks in China. Having analyzed pseudoscientific publications posted on the most popular platforms Weibo and WeChat, the author comes to the following conclusions: 1) the main distributors of pseudoscientific information are ordinary users, which indicates their limited ability to obtain and understand scientific knowledge; 2) the topics of pseudoscientific information are focused on issues related to everyday life, reflecting the high public demand for scientific information; 3) pseudoscientific texts contain two main misleading factors – vagueness of scientific evidence and mobilization of emotion, which poses a potential danger to social media users. To combat the spread of pseudoscientific information, measures are needed such as increasing scientific literacy of the population, strengthening control over platforms, creating authoritative channels for refuting pseudoscientific information, etc.
Состояние коммуникативных операций дошкольников с расстройством аутистического спектра
Authors: Овчинникова Т.С. , Чернова Г.Р. , Захарова А.М.
Published: October 2024

в статье определяется проблема трудностей формирования коммуникативных операций у детей 6-7 лет с РАС (расстройствами аутистического спектра). Описана методика изучения коммуникативных операций, форм коммуникаций и проявлений нежелательного социального поведения у дошкольников с РАС. Представлены результаты проведенного исследования, проанализированы дефициты коммуникаций и определены образовательные потребности в коррекционной работе по формированию предпосылок общения у дошкольников с РАС, обучающихся в дошкольных образовательных организациях.

the article defines the problem of difficulties in the formation of communicative operations in 6-7 year old children with ASD (autism spectrum disorders). The methodology for studying communicative operations, forms of communication and manifestations of undesirable social behavior in preschoolers with ASD is described. The results of the study are presented, communication deficiencies are analyzed and educational needs in correctional work on the formation of communication prerequisites in preschoolers with ASD studying in preschool educational organizations are determined.
Philadelphia’s Gritty Identity
Authors: Brown Timothy J. , Santa Maria Ellen ,   Pennsylvania Communication Association
Published: October 2024

Philadelphia’s history is full of firsts and ferment—it provides context for understanding how Philly’s sports fans are character-ized which influences how they perceive their sports teams. When analyzing Philly sports fans, there is more at work than just row-diness. A rhetorical analysis of what we identify as Philadelphia’s “Gritty Identity” reveals the power of myth to drive action and behavior. This paper employs a mythic criticism to decon-struct Philly’s “Gritty” Identity to interrogate its impact. More specifically, we contend the Gritty Identity: 1) functions as an ideology to differentiate Philadelphia from other cities and 2) underscores how belief is more valued than logic. The Gritty Identity’s emphasis on belief characterizes our (un)reality and undermines meaningful dialogue in our contemporary society.
Free and Defamatory Speech in Tension
Authors: Impellizzeri David ,   Pennsylvania Communication Association
Published: October 2024

The ‘right’ to protect one’s name, reputation, and character from slanderous attacks or defamatory falsehoods confronts freedom of expression with a limit. First Amendment law constrains what one party may publish about a second party in the presence of or to a third party. In an effort to address the question of how to negotiate prudently the dialectical tension between protecting and yet limiting speech with respect to defamation, this essay gives primary attention to the Espionage Act cases of 1919 and to the Times v. Sullivan case of 1964. Drawing upon the work of legal scholar Francis J. Mootz, I frame the judge’s task as en-gaging in philosophical hermeneutics of the law and legal-judicial decision-making as generative of rhetorical knowledge. I propose that twentieth century defamation case law demonstrates the epistemic and educative functions of legal-judicial practice as an inherently hermeneutic and rhetorical endeavor.
Survival of Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella Enteritidis, Bacillus cereus and Clostridium botulinum in non-alcoholic beers
Authors: Rachon Grzegorz , Rothera Harry , O'Reilly Sabina , Betts Gail
Published: October 2024

Why was the work done: To (i) determine whether microbial pathogens were present in packaged alcohol-free and low alcohol beers, (ii) to assess whether pathogens can survive or grow in non-alcoholic beers, and (iii) to determine the impact of pH and bitterness on their growth and survival of pathogens in alcohol-free beer.
How was the work done: : 50 alcohol-free and low alcohol beers, available in the UK, were screened for pathogens and analysed for ABV, pH and bitterness (IBU). One of the alcohol-free beers (with the lowest IBU) was adjusted to 25 and 50 IBU and pH 3.8, 4.2, 4.6 and 4.9.  Challenge testing of these beers was performed with Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella Enteritidis, Bacillus cereus and Clostridium botulinum. In addition, the heat resistance (D60 value) of the pathogens, spoilage bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ascospores in these beers was determined.
What are the main findings:  Salmonella, E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, Bacillus cereus and sulphite reducing clostridia were not found in any of the 50 beers.  However, two emerging opportunistic pathogens (Cupriavidus gilardii and Sphingomonas paucimobilis) were found in the low alcohol keg beers. None of the pathogens used in this study could grow in the alcohol-free beer at low pH (pH 3.8). E. coli O157 was unable to grow at pH 4.2 but could grow at pH 4.6 but only with reduced levels of carbon dioxide and increased oxygen. Salmonella Enteritidis was able to grow at pH 4.2 and 4.6 but also with reduced levels of CO2 and increased O2. Although Bacillus cereus and C. botulinum were unable to grow in any of the tested conditions, both pathogens were able to survive. Survival and/or growth of the microorganisms was impacted by pH; bitterness had no effect.
Why is the work important: Salmonella Enteritidis and E. coli O157 only grew in alcohol free beer at a higher pH (4.2 and 4.6 for Salmonella and 4.6 for E. coli) together with with reduced levels of CO2 and increased O2.  This suggests that packaged beer with appreciable levels of carbon dioxide and negligible levels of oxygen will not support the growth of pathogens.  However, draught alcohol free beer may be vulnerable to pathogens.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan pada PT. Jaco Indosehat Sempurna Cabang Banda Aceh
Authors: Mahmudi  , Ismail  , Imilda
Published: October 2024

The development of information technology has changed the paradigm in seeking and sharing information, including in the world of commerce. E-commerce is one of the important innovations that changes transaction patterns to become easier and more efficient. The focus of this research is the design of an information system for selling household products at PT. Jaco Perfect Indosehat Banda Aceh Branch. The waterfall method is used in system development, including requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing and maintenance. The results of system design include input, output, process, control, labor and cost designs. The designed application has features such as Login Form, Main Menu, Item Input, Sales Input, Item List, and View Sales Transaction List. The conclusion shows that this system has the potential to increase the efficiency of sales data management. The suggestions put forward are to increase optimal use of computers, add quality brainware, and increase skills in using information technology. It is hoped that PT. Jaco Indosehat Perfect Banda Aceh Branch can utilize this system optimally to achieve its business goals.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Terhadap Pelayanan Administrasi Masyarakat Desa Berbasis Web di Kecamatan Seunagan Timur Kabupaten Nagan Raya
Authors: Nurhayani  , Iqbal Taufiq , Ismail
Published: October 2024

Seunagan Timur Subdistrict in Nagan Raya Regency faces challenges in managing village administrative services due to reliance on manual processes and basic applications like Ms. Word and Ms. Excel. These tools can only handle local data, resulting in delayed updates and reduced accuracy of information, which hampers effective and efficient public services. This research aims to design a web-based information system for village administrative services using the waterfall method. The waterfall approach involves several stages: requirements analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. The results indicate that the web-based information system improves data management efficiency, simplifies data retrieval, and accelerates report generation. The system is expected to address the limitations of manual processes, facilitate administrative tasks for staff, and enhance public services. By implementing this system, village-level administrative services can become faster, more transparent, and better organized.
The Impact of Self-Directed Learning on Student Motivation and Creativity in Electronics Education: A Correlational Study
Authors: Wahyudi Riki , Anori Sartika , Hidayat Hendra , Irfan Dedy , Pezo Erik , Feng Xiaohan
Published: October 2024

The implementation of 21st-century education demands significant shifts in learning approaches, particularly in vocational high schools, where practical skills and creativity are paramount. This study investigates the impact of the Self-Directed Learning (SDL) model on students' motivation and creativity in the subject of electronic circuit applications at SMK Negeri 1 Batipuh. Using a descriptive correlational research design, data were collected from 34 students through validated and reliable questionnaires. The findings reveal that SDL contributes 46.9% to enhancing learning motivation and 39.69% to fostering creativity, indicating its significant influence on both variables. SDL empowers students to take greater control of their learning processes, thereby promoting intrinsic motivation and creative problem-solving abilities. These results align with previous research emphasizing the role of independent learning in improving academic performance and preparing students for the demands of the workforce. The practical implications of this study highlight the importance of optimizing SDL implementation in vocational education, particularly in technical subjects, to develop students' independence and creativity—skills essential for success in the digital era and professional environments. This study contributes to the advancement of effective learning models in vocational education, offering valuable insights for educators and policymakers to enhance the quality of teaching and learning.
Design and Implementation of an Arduino-Based Bluetooth-Controlled Shopping Trolley with Ultrasonic Sensor Integration
Authors: Hanafi Muhammad , Almasri
Published: October 2024

Innovation in retail technology continues to evolve, aiming to enhance the shopping experience, particularly for customers with physical limitations. This research focuses on the design and implementation of an automated shopping cart system based on Arduino, controlled via Bluetooth using a smartphone. The system utilizes a Bluetooth HC-05 module for wireless communication, an ultrasonic HC-SR04 sensor for obstacle detection, and a motor driver to ensure smooth cart movement. The control application is developed using MIT App Inventor, offering navigation features such as forward, backward, left, and right turns. The ultrasonic sensor acts as a safety mechanism, detecting obstacles within 15 cm and providing warnings via a buzzer to prevent collisions. Testing results demonstrate high responsiveness and stable control over a distance of up to 10 meters. The findings of this study indicate that the automated shopping cart significantly improves convenience and accessibility, especially for customers with physical limitations, while ensuring a safer and more efficient shopping experience in supermarkets. This innovation presents a significant contribution to enhancing accessibility and operational efficiency in the retail sector.
Utilisation of performance-based rewards to improve teachers’ work performance in Tanzanian secondary schools
Authors:   The University of Dodoma, Omollo Abich Dah , Matete Rose Ephraim ,   The University of Dodoma, Loisulie Paul ,   The University of Dodoma
Published: October 2024

In this study we explored the heads of schools utilisation of performance-based rewards (PBR) to improve teachers’ work performance (TWP). The study employed a qualitative approach and an exploratory case study design. A sample of 20 participants, including heads of schools, teachers, ward educational officers (WEOs), and internal school quality assurance officers (ISQAOs), was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection methods involved interviews and documentary reviews, and were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that heads of schools utilised the PBR to motivate teachers to increase students’ pass rates in national examinations, fostering a culture of hard work among teachers, and recognizing and celebrating academic achievements in national examinations. Additionally, the study showed that teaching practice focused on content coverage and lack of a conducive teaching and learning environment impeded teachers from effectively integrating the LCA into their lessons. The study concluded that heads of schools utilised PBR to improve TWP. The study recommends expansion of the scope of PBR to include the reward of teachers who effectively incorporate LCA into their instructional practices. The study further recommends providing teachers with training on effectively integrating LCA into their instructional practices and creating teaching and learning environments that are conducive to the implementation of LCA. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of PBR in improving TWP within the context of private secondary schools.
Head teachers’ pedagogical leadership strategies in supporting children’s transition from pre-primary to primary school in Tanzania
Authors:   University of Dodoma, Ephraim Yohana Emily , Cosmas Juhudi ,   University of Dodoma, Msuya Ombeni ,   University of Dodoma
Published: October 2024

This study explored strategies to support children's transition from pre-primary to primary school. It employed a case study design, and semi-structured interviews were administered to nine head teachers and nine pre-primary school teachers from nine public primary schools in Mpwapwa and Chemba District, Tanzania. The collected data were subjected to content analysis. The study’s findings revealed that the provision of teaching and learning resources, stakeholder or community engagement, teacher motivation, a supportive school culture, and learning follow-up are essential pedagogical leadership strategies employed by head teachers to support children's transition from pre-primary to primary school. The study recommends the implementation of pre-headship training programmes and in-service training on Early Childhood Education (ECE) management for head teachers, as well as the provision of increased budgetary allocations for pre-primary education. Since this study was conducted in the pre-primary educational aspect, the study also recommends conducting further research on other aspects of school readiness in an attempt to enable children to easily navigate the transition process into the education system.
Pengetahuan Wanita Usia 45-55 Tahun Tentang Senam Ergonomis di Wilayah UPTD Puskesmas Sarijadi Kota Bandung
Authors: Eli  , Eli
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya perubahan fisik dan psikologis yang dapat mempengaruhi permasalahan kesehatan pada masa menopause seperti hipertensi (34,11%), osteoporosis (10,3%), diabetes (8,5%) dan penyakit jantung (1,5%). Maka senam ergonomis dapat memberikan peningkatan kemampuan fungsional pada menopause. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan wanita usia 45-55 tahun tentang senam ergonomis di Wilayah UPTD Puskesmas Sarijadi Kota Bandung. Pengetahuan adalah hasil dari tahu seseorang terhadap suatu objek tertentu melalui indera yang dimilikinya dan menopause yaitu berhentinya masa haid. Sedangkan senam ergonomis adalah teknik senam untuk mengembalikan sistem syaraf, memaksimalkan supply oksigen ke otak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan populasi sebanyak 330 ibu menopause dan mendapat 77 sampel dengan teknik Proporsional Random Sampling. Instrument penelitian ini berupa kuesioner sebanyak 16 pertanyaan dan telah dilakukan uji validitas dengan hasil r=0,468-0,723 dan realibilitas cronbach’s alpha sebesar 0,899. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan tentang pengertian senam ergonomis yaitu baik 35%, tujuan senam ergonomis kategori kurang 47%, manfaat senam ergonomis kategori kurang 53%, cara pelaksanaan senam ergonomis kategori kurang 41%. Kesimpulan bahwa pengetahuan wanita usia 45-55 tahun tentang senam ergonomis kategori cukup 42%, maka disarankan kepada petugas kesahatan untuk meningkatkan sosialisasi dan penyuluhan mengenai senam ergonomis dimasyarakat.