bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WASTE DISPOSAL IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK AND PRACTICE
Authors: Batrićević Ana , Paunović Nikola
Published: March 2023

Waste disposal is a global challenge, particularly in the context of environmental pollution prevention and human health protection. That is the reason why the European Union has been adopting and applying a series of documents pertinent to this issue. The most relevant are: Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on Waste and Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the Landfll of Waste. However, the reports of the European Commission and the practice of the Court of Justice of the European Union confirm that there are numerous disparities between the Member States regarding the implementation of standards of waste management in general and in particular, waste disposal. The Republic of Serbia has to make substantial improvements in the area of waste disposal, especially in the context of the upcoming opening of the Negotiation Chapter 27, dedicated to the environment and climate change. Therefore, the authors analyse legal sources of the European Union related to waste disposal, reports on their application and relevant practice of the Court of Justice of the European Union as potential directions and guidelines.
RANCANGAN SISTEM DISKLESS UNTUK GAME CENTER MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI CCBOOT
Authors: Trilaksono Agustinus Rio , Hiswara Indra , Alfian Ahmad
Published: March 2023

Since the launch of the game to be one of the sports fields, namely e-sports, a new business sector has grown to facilitate gamers to compete or practice together, namely the Game Center. Many e-sports players choose to practice and compete in game centers because the computer specifications provided are usually quite high and are supported by more stable internet speeds. Game Center XYZ is a game center whose client computer is active continuously for almost 24 hours, making the durability of existing computer devices decreasing, especially hard disk devices. A hard drive that is used continuously will result in a weakening of the hard drive's performance. So that the performance of the computer as a whole can be disrupted. Problems that often occur, for example, BSOD, existing data becomes corrupted, there are bad sectors on the hard disk that cause data to become unreadable. The purpose of this study is to produce a diskless network system that operates on a client-server basis. This research produces a diskless system with a star topology that connects 1 pc server and 5 client pc. The diskless system runs well and the client computer's performance is more optimal.
PROTOTYPE MODUL LATIH PNEUMATIC DAN MOTOR DC BERBASIS PLC
Authors: Gazali Ria , Ismuharram Ismuharram
Published: March 2023

Development to realize basic technical competencies that are relevant to the conditions that will be faced in the world of work. It is necessary for teaching media or practicum media that can support and increase students' knowledge and insight regarding the technical application of these courses in the real world, especially in industry. Courses that study pneumatic systems and Programmable Logic Control (PLC) require practical media that can simulate industrial automation processes. In this paper, we will present the design of pneumatic modulation and dc motors that can be used as pneumatic system simulators and dc motors with PLC controllers. This experimental research includes the following stages: planning, manufacture, testing and finalization. This training module is designed to be portable using lightweight and easy-to-obtain materials, and is suitable for PLC learning simulations. Automated systems are represented by electro-pneumatic systems, which can apply industrial processes such as goods propulsion systems, belt conveyor systems and goods chopping systems.
KONTROL LAMPU GEDUNG MELALUI WIFI ESP8266 DENGAN WEB SERVER LOKAL
Authors: Nugroho Prasetyo Adi
Published: March 2023

This study aims to design a Building Automation System that can control electrical devices that are carried out remotely at the same location or via WiFi and Web Server applications, to make it easier for people to control devices located in distant buildings without direct contact and can be accessed. anywhere within range of the local network. The research method used is research and development methods, namely by conducting literature studies and interviews with electrical and arduino experts. The results of the research are a system made using the ESP8266 WiFi module which is set as a station, which connects Arduino to the local internet which will be controlled by the Web Sever application from anywhere with local internet connection range. The Building Automation System that is made can switch Hologen lamps and incandescent lamps and is set using the blynk application that is connected to an internet connection.
ANALISA DESAIN USER INTERFACE APLIKASI PROTOTYPE SMART SYSTEM IP CAMERA SECURITY BERBASIS APLIKASI ANDROID
Authors: Hartawan Muhammad Syarif
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research is as prototype of early study of development of IP camera monitoring application which can be accessed through Android Device, in development of a certain application can not be separated from its initial creation that is user interface design of an application, so in usage application user can understand navigation or button that are in the program. Usefulness of user interface design in user satisfaction of this application in accessing information that resides in the application. The object of this research is the design of user interface prototype android application Smart System IP Camera Security with respondents of 40 respondents. This research data is obtained from questionnaire data to android application user which then processed statistically by using range of category and percentage through Likert scale. The research results show all independent variables (indicator) EUCS, consist of Content (Content), Format (report) Accurancy (Timeliness), Ease of Use (Ease of Use), which has a significant relationship with the needs of users of the android application satisfaction. The results of this study indicate that the level of satisfaction with the overall user interface design fall into the category agree and feel satisfied using the android application, with a percentage of 95%.
Teaching techniques applied in EFL during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak: A review in Ecuadorian secondary education
Authors: Salazar Carranco Andrea Cristina , Paredes Rodríguez Luís Antonio
Published: March 2023

La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tomado a todos los miembros de la sociedad global desprevenidos para enfrentar un evento extremo que no solo afectó la salud de las personas sino también la economía y la educación de todos los países del mundo. Traducir la interacción cara a cara en un contexto de enseñanza en línea fue un desafío para todos los educadores. Por este motivo, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar las técnicas de enseñanza que los profesores de inglés como lengua extranjera habían aplicado durante el confinamiento. Se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada a diez docentes de EFL de secundaria pública y privada quienes brindaron una visión clara de su realidad docente. Se determinó que los principales temas a tratar son los problemas de internet, el tiempo de planificación y la falta de una plataforma centrada en EFL.
Inteligencia de negocios en la gestión empresarial: un análisis a las investigaciones científicas mundiales
Authors: Haro Sarango Alexander Fernando , Martínez Yacelga Amanda Patricia , Nuela Sevilla Rosa Marcela , Criollo Sailema Maria Elena , Pico Lescano Juan Carlos
Published: March 2023

La inteligencia de negocios y la gestión empresarial están estrechamente relacionadas. De hecho, la inteligencia de negocios puede considerarse como una herramienta o enfoque dentro de la gestión empresarial, que se enfoca en utilizar datos e información para mejorar la toma de decisiones y la eficacia de la organización. Por la relevancia se plantea como objetivo: elaborar un tratamiento cienciométrico sobre inteligencia de negocios en la gestión empresarial, procurando analizar el comportamiento de la producción científica y sus aportes más privilegiados. Para su resolución se usa RStudio paquete Bibliometrix. Como resultados se observa una tasa de crecimiento anual de la producción científica se ubica en 3,8% y diversos autores que aportan y refutan a la inteligencia de negocios.
Lectura y niveles de comprensión lectora en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Barrera Helder , Hidalgo Claudio , Alulema Nelson , Telenchana Laura , Ninacuri Raúl
Published: March 2023

El problema del análisis y la comprensión de textos dentro del proceso de aprendizaje se manifiesta en tanto los estudiantes poseen dificultades al establecer hábitos de lectura que permitan el desarrollo de estrategias de retención y codificación de información necesaria para establecer vínculos entre lo leído y lo aprendido. El objetivo principal es identificar las diferencias significativas de comprensión lectora en los estudiantes pertenecientes a las carreras de Contabilidad y Auditoría y Economía mediante la utilización del test ACRA (Adquisición, Codificación, Recuperación y Apoyo), herramienta utilizada para la evaluación de estrategias cognitivas de aprendizaje, en cuanto a su formación profesional y a su género. Siguiendo el objetivo la metodología utilizada fue un análisis descriptivo con la finalidad de establecer medias y comparar el nivel de estrategias en los estudiantes de acuerdo con los niveles bajo, medio y alto; además se utilizó la prueba no paramétrica U de Mann-Whitney puesto que permitió probar la hipótesis, identificar y establecer diferencias significativas. Entre los resultados obtenidos se evidenció que no existen diferencias significativas con respecto a las carreras y el género dentro del test ACRA con sus respectivas estrategias aplicadas a los estudiantes universitarios.
Վանականներին վերաբերող կանոնները Հայոց եկեղեցում
Authors: Ծատուրեան Տ․ Անանիա աբղյ․
Published: March 2023

РЕЗЮМЕ
Статья посвящена канонам регулирующим монастырский уклад жизни последователей Армянской Апостольской церкви. В армянской действительности имел широкое распространение монастырский устав написанный Св. Василием Великим. Подобные предписания присутствуют в различных группах канонов, вошедших в «Армянскую книгу канонов», а также в различных поучениях и речах многих авторов. В статье подробно рассмотрены каноны, относящиеся к трем монашеским обетам — целомудрию, нестяжанию и послушанию, а также каноны определяющие духовные и бытовые стороны жизни монахов.

SUMMARY
This article deals with the canons regulating the monastic lifestyle of the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Monastic Statute authored by St. Basil the Great was especially widely used in the Armenian reality. Similar rules are also present in various groups of canons found in the “Armenian Book of Canons,” as well as in individual exhortations and discourses by various authors. The article discusses in detail the canons concerning three monastic vows: vows of virginity, abstinence and obedience, as well as the rules related to the monks’ prayer, ritual life and other household realities
«Յաճախապատում ճառք»-ի ժամանակը, հեղինակը, ստեղծման հանգամանքները, թարգմանիչ-խմբագիր
Authors: Սահակյան Արծրունի
Published: March 2023

РЕЗЮМЕ

В статье освещаются события 1920 года, положение в Карсской области в дни турецкого вторжения и причины, сыгравшие значительную роль в ходе войны и позорных поражений армянской армии на Карсском фронте. Эти поражения были вызваны не численностью турецких войск или военным преимуществом, которого в действительности не было, а деморализацией армянских войск, действовавших на Карсском фронте. В статье также выясняются основные причины этой деморализации – иными словами это предательская деятельность высшего военного командования Карса, в частности, генералов Овсепяна и Даниэла Бек-Пи- румяна, которые, пользуясь покровительством министра обороны Рубена Тер-Минасяна не только не понесли наказания но и привели страну и народ к поражению и тяжким бедствиян.о и провалили войну и довели страну и народ до тяжелых бедствий.

SUMMARY

The article covers the situation in Kars province during the Turkish invasion of 1920 and the factors that played a significant role in the course of the war and the disgraceful defeats of the Armenian army on the Kars front. Those defeats were caused not by the number of Turkish troops or military advantages, which in reality did not exist, but by the demoralization of the Armenian troops operating on the Kars front. The article also elucidates the main reasons for this demoralization, highlighting the incompetence of the Kars high military command, in particular generals Hovsepyan and Daniel Bek-Pirumyan, who, enjoying the patronage of Defense Minister Ruben Ter-Minasyan, not only went unpunished, but also failed in winning the war and brought the country and people to grave disasters
FRACTIONAL CALCULUS BETWEEN BANACH SPACES ALONG WITH OSTROWSKI AND GR¨USS TYPE INEQUALITIES
Authors: Anastassiou George A. .
Published: March 2023

Here we present a fractional calculus Caputo type for functions between Banach spaces. Left and right fractional derivatives are defined on a segment of a Banach space, then we expand. We apply the above to new Ostrowski and Gr¨uss type inequalities at very abstract level.
Algunas bases de la Pedagogía de la muerte
Authors: De la Herrán Gascón Agustín , Rodríguez Herrero Pablo
Published: March 2023

La Pedagogía de la muerte es un enfoque emergente en la educación contemporánea. ¿En qué bases pueden descansar esta disciplina, este campo profesional y de investigación? El objetivo del presente trabajo es intentar responder a esta cuestión, organizando y presentando algunas de ellas, para apoyar una deseable acción formativa en diferentes niveles de concreción. Se han clasificado en seis grupos: conceptuales, contextuales, didácticas de conciencia, metodológicas, planificadoras y comunicativas. Estos pilares claves se han definido de forma independiente y sin condicionamientos mutuos. El paradigma de referencia ha sido el enfoque radical e inclusivo de la educación. Desde esta perspectiva, se concluye que la inclusión de la Pedagogía de la muerte en la educación no se produce sola. Junto a ella trae consigo otros temas radicales deseables para la educación —la humanidad, el amor, el autoconocimiento esencial, la meditación, la educación prenatal, entre otros— que aún no forman parte del discurso de la Pedagogía, de los organismos interna-cionales de educación o de los sistemas educativos globalizados.
4 - Situating African Indigenous Ideas within Conventional Learning as an Impetus for Knowledge Construction in Africa
Authors: Omotosho Babatunde Joshua
Published: March 2023

Literature regarding knowledge production reveals that Africa can do better than its present state through the exploration and installation of homegrown ideas detached from the Western hold on its academy. This article contributes to this debate by exploring the place of indigenous knowledge within the academy and the challenges facing its popularity within the continent. The article further provides suggestions on how indigenous and conventional orthodox knowledge can cohere towards a more pragmatic knowledge production that can propel Africa’s development.
4 - Comparing Pedagogy in Kenya’s Public Universities: The Roles of University Managers
Authors: Kilonzo Susan M. , Onkware Kennedy , Oloo Pamela A. , Omare Simon G.
Published: March 2023

Past studies have shown that the increased enrolment of students in public universities has not been matched with supporting human and technical resources. This has affected the quality of teaching and learning. This article examines pedagogical approaches in the context of mass expansion of tertiary education in selected public universities in Kenya. Further, the authors explore how managers within these institutions support academic staff in pedagogical innovations. The results from a survey of selected public universities showed that certain teaching and learning pedagogies have been favoured and used in these institutions to accommodate the increasing number of students. Further, although the study shows that there is an effort on the side of university lecturers and managers to use and/or support pedagogies that favour the large number of students, there are bottlenecks that are currently beyond their control. These include inadequate funding, staffing, and physical facilities, among others. Subsequently, there are calls for the Ministry of Education and Commission for University Education to work hand in hand with universities if significant quality education is to be realised in Kenya’s public universities.
Recherche féministe et de genre à l’Université de Yaoundé II : examiner l’impact sur la transformation sociale
Authors: Aboudi Vanessa
Published: March 2023

Depuis les années 1980-1990, les études féministes et de genre font leur chemin dans les universités africaines, même si on note encore quelques résistances notamment dans les pays francophones. Concernant le Cameroun, la réflexion, l’enseignement et la recherche féministes et sur le genre sont encore restreints, tant au niveau de la production que de la consommation des connaissances. Les universités d’État tardent à introduire ou à développer cette problématique dans les curricula d’études. Ce qui n’est pas sans conséquence sur la maturation de cette discipline scientifique et l’usage des savoirs institués du monde universitaire en termes de genre au profit de la transformation sociale et du développement durable. Le présent article étudie le cas de l’Université de Yaoundé II, et s’inscrit dans une dynamique militante, afin de permettre à cette science sociale de se constituer en secteur autonome, tout en assumant sa transversalité. Pour construire cette recherche, nous nous sommes essentiellement appuyée sur l’épistémologie féministe et sur les techniques de collecte de données communes aux sciences sociales, afin de mieux appréhender la place des études de genre dans le contexte universitaire de Yaoundé II, et au-delà, leur impact sur les rapports sociaux de sexe.
The Significance of HIV/AIDS for Universities in Africa
Authors: Michael J. Kelly
Published: March 2023

There are several reasons why universities in Africa should respond comprehensively to HIV/AIDS, but institutions across the continent are only slowly acknowledging these reasons. Despite the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the environments in which many universities operate, it does not appear that they have institutionalized a consistent response. Instead, there seems to be a tendency to treat the epidemic as a student or health issue, but not as something that must be integrated into a university’s core operations of reflecting on issues affecting society, teaching, research, and community engagement. The paper argues for a radical change in institutional focus that would allow the university to use its full potential to get ahead of HIV/AIDS, in its own ranks and in the world it serves. For such change to be realized, institutions must focus on developing dedicated high-level university leadership and total management commitment.
2 - Higher Education, Society, and Government: Changing Dynamics
Authors: Kenneth Prewitt
Published: March 2023

Reform strategies for Africa’s universities are adjusting to three macro-trends: market pressures, demographic forces, and changing donor perspectives. Market-like definitions of accountability with their related performance indi- cators—focused less on what is known than on how fast and effectively knowl- edge is transformed into technologies, skills, and economic growth—are gen- erating unprecedented institutional diversification in African higher education. This occurs as demographic forces threaten to deplete Africa of its most tal- ented students who, if given the chance, will migrate for training and work. In the growing international competition for students, the balance of trade will not favor Africa. Those donors who remain committed to Africa are searching for models in which Africa’s universities reposition themselves as indispens- able bridges between the national economy and the international knowledge economy. Ensuring that universities—despite market and demographic pres- sures—continue to promote the “public good” in higher education and ad- vanced research should be the strategy of choice.
2 - Student Loans: Potential, Problems, and Lessons from International Experience
Authors: Maureen Woodhall
Published: March 2023

This article, prepared for a conference on Financing Higher Education: Diversify- ing Revenue and Expanding Accessibility held in Dar-es-Salaam in March 2001, draws on a wide range of experience throughout the developing world to inform policies attempting to create student loans programs in Africa. It outlines problems common to student loan programs (most of which, in Africa, have not been suc- cessful), ranging from inadequate capital to excessive subsidization to the inability to surmount political opposition to loans. There are several key policy decisions, answers to which will largely determine the possible recovery rate but which will also determine the accessibility of the program to students and may also affect the likely political receptivity to the idea of loans. The article concludes that loan pro- grams can be designed to be more effective and efficient and thus to contribute revenue diversification in Africa.
4 - Cross-Border Education as Trade: Issues for Consultation, Policy Review and Research*
Authors: Jane Knight
Published: March 2023

This paper is abridged from a report prepared for the African Association of Universities Workshop on GATS and Higher Education (May 2004) and includes information from papers written by the author for the Observatory of Borderless Higher Education and for UNESCO.
This paper provides background information and an analytical framework to study the implications of cross-border provision of higher education in Africa—especially in the context of an increased emphasis on commercial provision and the existence of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). The major principles related to GATS rules for trade in education services are addressed and a summary of GATS commitments made by African countries to higher education is provided. A discussion of rationales and risks associated to the commercial import and export of education leads to an examination of potential policy implications related to increased cross-border mobility of higher education institutions/providers, programmes and student/scholars. Finally, key questions and issues are identified upon which education leaders and stakeholders may reflect for their relevance to the African context and the need for further research, policy review and consultation.
7 - Raising Too Many Expectations? Comments on the World Bank Report Constructing Knowledge Societies: New Challenges for Tertiary Education
Authors: Paul Hoebink  , Arnold van der Zanden
Published: March 2023

Abstract
8 - How to Construct a Knowledge Society: The World Bank’s New Challenges for Tertiary Education
Authors: Munzali Jibril
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Blunt Force Skeletal Trauma Research Methods
Authors: Harden Angela , Stull Kyra , Bolte John , Kang Yun-Seok , Agnew Amanda
Published: March 2023

A key component of the forensic anthropological examination is skeletal trauma analysis, which accounts for the majority of forensic anthropologists’ expert testimonies. However, a major gap in the current knowledge surrounding skeletal trauma has been identified, specifically the data necessary to conduct comprehensive bone trauma analysis with established error rates are lacking. Current methods and standards of skeletal blunt force trauma analysis rarely meet Daubert guidelines that require: (1) validated studies, (2) peer review, (3) known or potential error rate, and (4) general acceptance, nor do they provide data or analyses that are comprehensible to the medicolegal community and the general public. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach with a biomechanical emphasis is critical to improve the validity of skeletal trauma analysis and interpretation through precise, accurate, and repeatable analytical methods. The objectives of this review are to: (1) provide an overview of current approaches to blunt force skeletal trauma research across disciplines while highlighting the applications, strengths, and limitations of these methods, and (2) address gaps in discipline-specific methodologies to emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary scientific teams for improvement of skeletal trauma research. This review highlights the need for large-scale controlled experimental bone trauma studies utilizing human specimens and the various methodologies available for further skeletal trauma research.
Proposta e Avaliação de uma Metodologia de Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos em Disciplinas de Engenharia de Software através de uma Sequência Didática
Authors: Pinheiro Santiago Cynthia , Mendonça Menezes José Wally , Alves de Aquino Francisco José
Published: March 2023

Nos últimos anos têm-se percebido uma lacuna entre o ensino nas universidades e as necessidades da indústria em relação à formação dos futuros profissionais em Engenharia de Computação e Ciência da Computação, mais especificamente na área de Engenharia de Software. Enquanto por um lado, as aulas tradicionais possuem um denso conteúdo teórico-conceitual e são apresentadas de forma expositiva, por outro lado a falta de experiências práticas torna desafiador para os alunos adquirir as habilidades necessárias para o desenvolvimento de projetos reais de software. Como forma de minimizar este problema, neste artigo apresentamos a aplicação da metodologia de Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos em uma disciplina de Engenharia de Software, de forma que os estudantes, ainda durante sua formação acadêmica, possam ter uma experiência real em um projeto de desenvolvimento de software, com métodos, tecnologias e ferramentas comumente utilizados na indústria. Esta experiência, avaliada em uma turma regular de Engenharia de Software de um Bacharelado em Ciência da Computação, foi conduzida através de uma sequência didática concebida através de ciclos de Design Science Research, com objetivos educacionais bem definidos segundo a taxonomia de Bloom. Resultados preliminares mostram cenários promissores em relação ao ganho na aprendizagem, à aquisição de habilidades e à motivação dos estudantes com a metodologia proposta.
Die Haftung des Betriebsrats zwischen Unabhängigkeit und Verantwortung
Authors: Conen Tim
Published: March 2023

Even though the majority of works councils behave in accordance with the law, the conflict-prone field of works constitution raises the question of the extent to which misconduct by employee representatives can give rise to damage claims. An assessment always presupposes due consideration of both the works council’s responsibility and legally secured independence. Within the framework of the study, it is shown that both the works council members and the body behind them can be considered as debtors of damage claims. Finally, a proposal is made as to how currently existing gaps in justice could be avoided in the future.
Das Lehrgebiet Kriminologie im Studium der Rechtswissenschaft
Authors: Boosen Daniela
Published: March 2023

The study uncovers special features in teaching that result from criminology itself as well as from its embedding in the law degree programme. The challenges are reflected from the perspective of university didactics. The focus is on the criteria of relevance (overall view of need, significance and effect), learning goals and practical relevance. First, the conceptual foundations are laid. The empirical part includes a document analysis and a teacher survey.

Subsequently, needs for action are identified and possibilities for action are shown. In this way, teachers should be able to develop their own implementation strategies for their courses. In addition, university didacticians are also addressed.
Accident Prediction Modeling Approaches for European Railway Level Crossing Safety
Authors: Liang Ci , Ghazel Mohamed
Published: March 2023

Safety is a core concern in the railway operation. Particularly, in Europe, level crossing (LX) safety is one of the most critical issues for railways. LX accidents often lead to fatalities and weighted injuries and seriously hamper railway safety reputation. Moreover, according to statistics, collisions between trains and motorized vehicles contribute most to LX accidents. With this in mind, we will elaborate on accident prediction modeling for train-vehicle collisions at LXs in this chapter. The methods and findings discussed in this chapter will offer an in-depth insight for interpreting significant aspects underlying collision occurrence and facilitate identifying technical countermeasures to improve LX safety.
Improved Physical and Mental Health After a Combined Lifestyle Intervention with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Obesity
Authors: Mohseni Mostafa , Kuckuck Susanne , Meeusen Renate E. H. , Jiskoot Geranne , Lengton Robin , Savas Mesut , Berk Kirsten A. C. , Van der Valk Eline S. , Van der Voorn Bibian , Van den Berg Sjoerd A. A. , Iyer Anand M. , Bussmann Johannes B. J. , Leenen Pieter J. M. , Dik Willem A. , de Groot Cornelis J. , Van den Akker Erica L. T. , Van Rossum Elisabeth F. C.
Published: March 2023

Background: Obesity is a multifactorial, chronic, progressive disease associated with decreased health-related quality of life, comorbidities, and increased mortality risk. Lifestyle interventions, focusing on dietetics, physical exercise, and behavioral therapy, are a cornerstone of therapy. Despite this very multidisciplinary treatment approach, the definition of treatment success is often based only on a weight loss of ≥ 5%. However, the heterogeneous nature of obesity may necessitate a more comprehensive approach to assessing treatment effects. Objectives: Here, we describe changes in physiological, psychological, and behavioral health after a multidisciplinary combined lifestyle intervention (CLI). Additionally, we investigated whether these changes were related to weight loss. Methods: This prospective observational longitudinal study comprised 96 adults with obesity (73 women, 81 Caucasian) participating in a CLI at the Obesity Center CGG, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The 1.5-year intervention comprised multidisciplinary professional guidance towards a healthy diet, increased physical activity, and included cognitive behavioral therapy. Physiological health outcomes, psychological well-being, eating behavior, and physical activity were assessed after ten weeks and 1.5 years and compared to baseline. Results: An average of 5.2% weight loss (-6.0 kg) was accompanied by a mean 9.8% decrease in fat mass (-5.9 kg; both P < 0.001) and significant improvements in metabolism, hormonal status, and immune parameters (all P < 0.05). Moreover, we observed decreased psychopathology, increased quality of life, and decreased disordered eating (all P < 0.05). Weight loss correlated with most metabolic changes (all P < 0.05) but not with most psychological/behavioral changes. Conclusions: Combined lifestyle intervention in patients with obesity was accompanied by significant improvements in body weight and body composition along with cardiometabolic, endocrine, immunological, psychological, and behavioral improvements. Interestingly, most changes in psychological and behavioral health occurred independently of weight loss. Obesity treatment success should be evaluated based on a combination of physical and patient-reported outcomes rather than weight loss alone.
An Exploratory Research to Assess Total Nutritional Knowledge of Students at the University of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Aslam Maria , Azam Muhammad Barkaat , Latif Faisal , Jaffar Muntaha , Haseeb Iqra
Published: March 2023

Background: Good nutrition is imperative to achieve a better health status. The rate of obesity and related comorbidities is increasing all over the world. The main reasons behind this worse situation are the overconsumption of food groups or exceeding the recommended portion sizes. University life is a period when students are independent in making their food choices. The chances of adopting unhealthy eating behaviors are increased during this tenure. Nutritional knowledge is an important tool in assessing the nutritional status of an individual, group, and community. Objectives: The main objective of the current study was to assess the nutritional knowledge of university-going students. Methods: The pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data from the students of the University of Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 300 students participated in this study (150 from the Nutrition Department and 150 from the non-nutrition departments). Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, and total nutritional knowledge (TNK) scores were measured during the 4-month study duration. Additionally, gender-and department-based comparisons of various parameters were performed. The mean TNK of the Nutrition Department students was higher (34.89 ± 0.95/58) than non-nutrition departments (24.05 ± 1.00/58) (P = 0.01). Additionally, the mean TNK of female students was higher (28.53 ± 1.28/58) than male students (27.05 ± 1.27/58) (P = 0.03). Moreover, 61% and 63% of nutrition students were familiar with the relationship between high intake of salt and fats with chronic diseases, respectively. Results: A statistically significant relationship was not observed between gender (P = 0.78) and departments (P = 0.10) with body mass index (BMI). This finding shows that nutritional knowledge alone is not a predictor of the nutritional status (BMI) of an individual. Students, even from the Nutrition Department, failed to transform their knowledge about nutrition into healthy food choices and eating practices. Conclusions: It is necessary to initiate nutrition education programs emphasizing making healthy food choices. Moreover, nutritional knowledge related to dietary guidelines should be incorporated into daily life to remove the disease burden associated with obesity.
Factors associated with unsafe sex among Kenyan youth:
Authors: MWANGI MARY , WARURU1 ANTHONY , WARUIRU WANJIRU , GICHANGI ANTHONY , TOROITICH-RUTO CATHY , KIM ANDREA A.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Understanding sexual risk among youth can inform the design of effective HIV prevention interventions.

METHODS

The 2012 Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey was a nationally representative population-based survey. We administered a questionnaire and collected blood samples for HIV testing. We examined factors associated with unsafe sex among unmarried youth aged 15-19 and 20-24 years.

RESULTS

Of 2,090 unmarried youth aged 15-19 years, 33.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 30.6-36.1) had ever had sex. Among those, 66.0% (95% CI 61.3-70.7) had sex in the past year (sexually active), and of these, 38.7% (95% 33.4 – 44.0) reported unsafe sex. No differences were observed in unsafe sex by sex. Factors associated with increased adjusted odds of unsafe sex among youth aged 15-19 years were residence in Central province; having primary or lower education; sexual debut before age 15 years; ever receiving money, gifts or favours for sex (transactional sex); multiple sexual partners in the past year; and low self-perceived risk of HIV. Of the 1,079 unmarried youth aged 20-24 years, 77.2% (95% CI 74.2-80.2) had ever had sex. Of these, 73.1% (95% CI 69.8-76.3) were sexually active, and 24.1% (95% CI 18.1-30.1) of women and 31.9% (95% CI 26.4-37.5) of men reported unsafe sex in the past year. Factors associated with increased adjusted odds of unsafe sex among youth aged 20-24 years were primary or lower education, transactional sex and multiple partners in the past year.

CONCLUSION

Unsafe sex is common among Kenyan youth, especially those aged 15-19 years. HIV prevention efforts need to target youth, support educational progression and economic empowerment.
Does teamwork and communication improve with simulation training? An evaluation of simulation training videos in Bihar, India
Authors: DYER JESSICA D , MORGAN MELISSA C , COHEN SUSANNA R , GHOSH RAKESH , RANEY JULIA , SPINDLER HILARY , MAHAPATRA6 TANMAY , CHRISTMAS AMELIA , WALKER DILYS M
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

High rates of medical error – attributed to ineffective communication among health care providers – poses a threat to patient safety. We embedded Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety (TeamSTEPPS™) concepts within a simulation-based curriculum and trained clinical teams providing intrapartum care in low-income settings. We evaluated whether simulation can be used to improve teamwork and communication among clinical teams.

METHODS

Nurse mentors facilitated and video-recorded simulated clinical scenarios to give health care providers (mentees) the opportunity to practice both technical and non-technical skills. Independent evaluators reviewed video-recorded simulation scenarios at midpoint and endpoint to evaluate changes in use of evidence-based practices. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with nurse mentors to explore their experiences teaching non-technical skills to clinical teams.

RESULTS

Five hundred and sixty-six simulated clinical scenarios were included in the final analysis. Adoption of techniques to improve communication and teamwork, such as the ‘SBAR’ technique and ‘think out loud’, increased from midpoint to endpoint in all simulated scenarios.

CONCLUSION

Incorporation of TeamSTEPPS™ concepts into a simulation training program for health care providers improved teamwork and communication in simulated scenarios and can potentially be extended to actual emergency cases.
Revision of the short-necked Cretaceous plesiosaurians from New Zealand
Authors: O’GORMAN José Patricio , OTERO Rodrigo A.
Published: March 2023

Polycotylidae Cope, 1869 is a clade of short-necked plesiosaurians that achieved a cosmopolitan distribution by the Late Cretaceous. Here, the material previously referred to Polycotylidae/Pliosauridae from the Upper Cretaceous of New Zealand is reviewed, concluding that only 2.4% and 7.7% respectively of the total plesiosaurians specimens recovered in these formations (late Campanian-early Maastrichtian Tahora Formation and Campanian-Maastrichtian Conway Formation) belong to Polycotylidae. This proportion is similar to that recorded in upper Campanian-Maastrichtian levels of the Allen, Los Alamitos and La Colonia formations, northern Patagonia (Argentina) and southernmost Chile, but contrasts with the coeval absence of polycotylids in Campanian-Santonian levels of Antarctica and central Chile. These new results improve our knowledge about the representation of Weddellian polycotylids and underline the relative scarcity of Campanian-Maastrichtian records in the Weddellia Province.
Dynamic Synoptic Scheme as a Tool for Searching Phraseological Synonyms
Authors: Fokin Serhii
Published: March 2023

Most of today's dictionaries of synonyms cover the lexeme level, whereas the clichés, aphorisms, and phraseology are underrepresented in their entries. One of the best ways of ordering the phrase-level synonyms is by relating them to the keyword descriptors within an onomasiological dictionary macrostructure, which would provide easier access to the users. Onomasiological dictionaries scarcely appear in modern lexicography due to difficulties of their usage. In the computational format, they become much more manageable thanks to the possibilities of the formal search. Since these dictionaries base on classificatory synoptic schemes, their compilation requires deep analytical data processing and intellectual efforts. An extremely detailed hierarchy would be difficult to use, and, conversely, a simple one hardly covers the most relevant semantic features of the entries.
Address forms and politeness markers in Spanish students' emails to faculty
Authors: Salazar-Campillo Patricia
Published: March 2023

In the present era of global online communication, email exchanges are one the most common means of interaction between students and professors (Tseng, 2015). However, emails may convey an impolite tone if students do not take status or power imbalance into account to show politeness (Economidou-Kogetsidis, 2011). The present study explored the informal second person pronoun of address (tú) and the formal one (usted) in first and follow-up requestive emails sent by Spanish students. In addition, some structural elements to show politeness in the emails were also examined. Although students had time to edit and correct their emails, our results indicate that in half of first-contact emails tú is employed, a percentage that increases in the follow-up email, therefore ignoring the degree of politeness expected in student-professor email communication. On the other hand, verbal and structural markers of politeness were broadly employed to indicate deference, especially in the first email.
Desarrollo de un sistema de aprendizaje automático supervisado para la desambiguación léxica automática utilizando DAMIEN (Data Mining Encountered)
Authors: Núñez Torres Fredy , Pérez Cabello de Alba María Beatriz
Published: March 2023

Uno de los mayores desafíos que se nos presentan a la hora de acometer tareas relacionadas con el procesamiento del lenguaje natural y, en particular, con el tratamiento de recursos lingüísticos informatizados, es la ambigüedad léxica. En este trabajo abordamos el tratamiento de la desambiguación léxica dentro del entorno informático DAMIEN (Data Mining ENcountered), una herramienta que integra técnicas de múltiples disciplinas dentro de análisis de texto (i.e. lingüística de corpus, estadística y minería textual) para ayudar en tareas de investigación lingüística (i.e. recolección de datos, extracción de información, clasificación de textos, entre otras). A modo de experimento ilustrativo, llevamos a cabo un estudio de las unidades léxicas polisémicas “cabeza”, “cara” y “carta”, y presentamos los resultados del sistema de desambiguación automática desarrollado con la herramienta DAMIEN. Dentro de los modelos que ofrece el entorno, hemos elegido el método de aprendizaje automático supervisado mediante algoritmo bayesiano ingenuo por tratarse del método que mejores resultados ha dado para la desambiguación léxica automática. Se trata de un modelo matemático que consiste en extraer información de un corpus a partir de conjuntos de datos previamente etiquetados (corpus de entrenamiento) para que la máquina pueda clasificar automáticamente conjuntos de datos nuevos (corpus de prueba). Es importante resaltar la flexibilidad y riqueza del entorno DAMIEN tanto para el tratamiento de recursos lingüísticos informatizados como para el montaje de experimentos del procesamiento del lenguaje natural.
Out-of-school contact with L2 English across four educational levels
Authors: Alonso Alonso Rosa
Published: March 2023

This paper aims at analyzing learners’ perspectives on the improvement of the four skills, vocabulary and grammar with out-of-school contact with L2 English, their interest in including out-of-school activities in the classroom, the type of activities they report doing out of-school and their perception of the advantages and disadvantages of using out-of-school activities in the classroom. Four groups of participants took part in the study (secondary education, baccalaureate, state language schools and university). A questionnaire has been used and quantitative and qualitative analyses have been conducted. Findings indicate that the four groups perceived improvement in all skills but not in grammar. All groups are interested in including out-of-school activities in the classroom, the activities they tend to practise out-of-the classroom involve mainly listening. Finally, improving their English skills, having fun and learning socially are the main advantages they report, while losing attention and learning incorrect grammar are the main disadvantages.
Sosialisasi Strategi Pengembangan Ekonomi Masyarakat Melalui Ekonomi Mandiri di Batubara Sumatera Utara
Authors: Gultom Fransiskus , Nadhira Ahmad , Yusnita Erni , Karo-Karo Selamat , Gulo Yona , Sukmawati Sukmawati
Published: March 2023

Tujuan kegiatan PKM ini yaitu menciptakan masyarakat yang mandiri dalam pengembangan ekonomi paling tidak untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari. Waluapun kita ketahui pemerintah selalu berupaya menciptakan masyarakat yang makmur dan memastikan ketersediaan pangan, akan tetapi jika kita bisa mandiri tentunya akan lebih baik lagi. Adapun pelaksanaan PKM dimulai dengan menyampaikan materi persentase sesuai tema dan selanjutnya dilakukan tanyajawab dan selanjutnya dilakukan tahapan-tahapan pelakasanaan PKM. Adapun hasil dari kegiatan ini berupa laporan kegiatan yaitu berupa respon positif dari masyarakat batubara atas kegiatan PKM dan setelah memahami akan pentingnya pemanfaatan pekarang rumah yang dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan ekonomi mandiri tentunya masyarakat mulai melakukan penanaman sayuran dan buah-buahan yang mudah didapat bibitnya dan mudah pula membudidayakannya.Kata Kunci : Pengembangan Ekonomi Masyarakat; Ekonomi Mandiri; pemanfaatan Pekarangan Rumah.
Pelatihan Dan Peningkatan Literasi bagi Siswa di Pesantren Darussalam Guntur Batubara
Authors: Tarigan Fatin Nadifa , Safrawali Safrawali , Subiantoro Nur , Hasibuan Siti Aminah , Helman Helman , Tanjung Yulia Tiara
Published: March 2023

Keterampilan literasi menjadi pilar penting untuk masa depan pendidikan. Untuk itu membangun budaya literasi perlu melibatkan peran aktif secara bersama-sama khususnya di lingkungan pendidikan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan literasi siswa di pesantren. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah berupa pelatihan atau training. Pelatihan literasi ditujukan kepada siswa-siswi Pesantren Darussalam Guntur Batubara yang terdiri dari siswa tingkat SMP. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan yaitu dengan pelatihan membaca, pelatihan menulis, dan praktik. Dari hasil pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner dan wawancara, diketahui bahwa kegiatan pelatihan literasi memberi pengaruh positif terhadap kesadaran literasi bagi siswa khususnya di lingkungan pesantren. Dampak yang diharapkan dari kegiatan tersebut adalah meningkatnya motivasi membaca siswa dengan memanfaatkan pojok literasi, serta meningkatnya kemampuan membaca pemahaman dengan meringkas.Kata Kunci: pelatihan, peningkatan, literasi, pesantren
Sosialisasi Budaya Olahraga bagi Siswa dan Siswi di Pesantren Darussalam Guntur Batubara
Authors: Nasution Alwi Fahruzy , Alinur Alinur , Herlina Herlina , Elfina Hetty , Siregar Imanuddin , Daulay Dicky Edwar
Published: March 2023

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mensosialisasikan dan memberikan edukasi mengenai pentingnya budaya olahraga bagi siswa dan siswi di Pesantren Darussalam Guntur Batubara. Adapun metode yang dilakukan berupa sosialisasi dan pemberian informasi mengenai pentingnya budaya olahraga bagi siswa dan siswi di lingkungan pesantren. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Pesantren Darussalam Guntur Batubara. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa setelah pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini para peserta Edukasi Olahraga ini dilaksanakan dengan baik dan berjalan dengan lancar sesuai dengan rencana kegiatan-kegiatan yang telah dilakukan dengan partisipasi siswa yang sangat antusias membuat kegiatan berjalan lancar dan begitu meriah dalam mengikuti kegiatan sosialisasi.Dengan adanya sosialisasi ini maka diharapkan para peserta aplikasi kegiatan olahraga berlangsung tiap minggu atau minimal satu kali dalam sebulan sebelum kegiatan belajar mengajar.Kata Kunci: sosialisasi, budaya olahraga, pendidikan, pesantren