bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Colloquium 1 The Argumentative Unity of Plato’s Parmenides
Authors: Horan David
Published: July 2019

This paper argues that the resolution of the dilemma of participation presented in the first part of Plato’s Parmenides is a central purpose of the arguments of the first hypothesis and the beginning of the second hypothesis in the second part of the dialogue. I maintain that the training demonstrated by Parmenides in the first and second hypotheses, by shifting the consideration away from sense objects to intelligible objects and away from forms to the one, enables Parmenides to develop an understanding of what it means for anything to be one. This understanding shows that multiplicity is not inimical to the one remaining one when participated in. It argues for an intelligible one that is divisible and still remains one when divided. The model of participation in the second part of the dialogue differs from that in the first part where the dilemma of participation initially arises, insofar as there is a strong ontological connection in part two between the one and whatever participates in the one, a connection that is not present in part one, where sense objects participate in intelligible forms. I conclude by taking stock of how far the resolution of the dilemma of participation has been progressed to resolution by 144e7 and what problems still remain to be analysed and resolved.
Colloquium 2 Genesis and the Priority of Activity in Aristotle’s Metaphysics IX.8
Authors: Sentesy Mark
Published: July 2019

This paper clarifies the way Aristotle uses generation (γένεσις) to establish the priority of activity (ἐνέργεια) in time and in being. It opens by examining the concept of genetic priority. The argument for priority in beinghood has two parts. The first part is a synthetic argument that accomplishment (τέλος) is the primary kind of source (ἀρχή), an argument based on the structure of generation. The second part engages three critical objections to the claim that activity could be an accomplishment: (i) activity appears to lack its own structure; (ii) activity is different in kind from the object it accomplishes; and (iii) activity is external to its accomplishment. Aristotle responds to these objections by analyzing the structure of generation. In the course of the argument, Aristotle establishes that beinghood and form are activity.
Colloquium 2 Commentary on Sentesy
Authors: Shartin Daniel
Published: July 2019

As Aristotle’s treatments of substance and change develop from the Categories through the middle books of the Metaphysics, his interest in living things as the best examples of substances becomes more evident. Reading Metaphysics IX.8 against the background of these developments can help us better understand that chapter’s discussion of the priority of actuality to potentiality.
Colloquium 3 Language as Technē vs. Language as Technology: Plato’s Critique of Sophistry
Authors: Schindler D.C.
Published: July 2019

This essay argues that the difference between philosophy and sophistical rhetoric that Plato presents in the Gorgias turns most fundamentally on different conceptions of the nature of language. After presenting some of the decisive moments in the debate between Socrates and Polus, Gorgias, and Callicles, this essay draws on the discussion of technē in Republic I to elucidate the “precise” sense of technē: namely, technē is ordered to the benefit of that over which it is set. The essay also draws on the discussion of names in the Cratylus to show that the (proto-)technē that is language, considered most precisely, is ordered to the manifestation of the truth of being more basically than to communication. Sophistry, by contrast, presumes what the essay calls a “technological” interpretation of language, which is essentially indifferent to being, and is ordered instead simply to communication, now understood principally in the mode of manipulative persuasion.
Colloquium 3 Commentary on Schindler
Authors: Latona Max J.
Published: July 2019

This essay responds to D.C. Schindler’s “Language as Technē vs. Language as Technology,” which argues that, for Plato, language is a craft that has for its subject matter being itself. While Schindler’s thesis is consistent with what we know as the Platonic philosophical project, it raises several questions. First, does being, as the subject matter of language, constitute a determinate subject matter, such as is required by all crafts? Second, does the ordinary language user meet the epistemic bar of a true craftsman, who possesses a rigorous knowledge of his or her subject matter? And third, in as much as Plato himself expresses doubt about our ability to master reality through language (given the propensity for language to deceive), is it feasible to see linguistic competence as a form of technical mastery?
Two new species of Pachyphlodes from China
Authors: LI TING , HUANG KAIBING , XU YUYAN , FAN LI
Published: July 2019

Pachyphlodes cinnabarina sp. nov. and P. wulushanensis sp. nov. are described and illustrated from Northern China in this paper. Morphologically, P. cinnabarina is distinguished from other species of Pachyphlodes by its orange red ascomata and ascospores ornamented with pin-like spines, while P. wulushanensis by its yellowish-green ascomata and ascospores with spines partly coalescing at apex. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS and LSU sequences supports the erection of the two new species.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in a patient with suspected hereditary von Willebrand disease and severe gastrointestinal bleeding – a case report
Authors: Mirna Moritz , Lichtenauer Michael , Theurl Thomas , Ausserwinkler Mathias , Topf Albert , Westphal Theresa , Gampenrieder Simon Peter , Pretsch Ingrid , Greil Richard , Hoppe Uta C
Published: July 2019

Introduction

von Willebrand disease is the most common hereditary coagulopathy and is characterised by a deficiency in the quantity or quality of the von Willebrand factor. Heyde Syndrome, in contrast, is an acquired form of von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) due to calcific aortic valve stenosis, characterised by gastrointestinal bleeding from angiodysplasia.

Case presentation

A 73-year-old patient presented with severe gastrointestinal bleeding and stated that she suffered from hereditary von Willebrand disease. Upon echocardiography, a severe aortic valve stenosis was found, and hence the suspicion of additional AVWS was raised. Since endoscopic interventions and conservative therapeutic approaches did not result in a cessation of the bleeding, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was performed to stop the additional shear stress on von Willebrand factor. This resulted in cessation of the bleeding.

Conclusion

Retrospectively, this life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding was a result of severe Heyde Syndrome, which could be alleviated by TAVI. Whether the patient had suffered from inherited von Willebrand disease in the past, remains uncertain. AVWS should be considered in patients with suspected inherited von Willebrand disease and concomitant severe aortic valve stenosis, since it constitutes a treatable cause of a potentially severe bleeding disorder.
Student Sensemaking of Learning Analytics Dashboard Interventions in Higher Education
Authors: Klein Carrie , Lester Jaime , Nguyen Thien , Justen Abigail , Rangwala Huzefa , Johri Aditya
Published: July 2019

An instrumental case study was conducted at a large, public research university in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States to understand undergraduate use of learning analytics dashboard (LAD) interventions. Eighty-one undergraduate students participated in focus groups. Scenario-based questions, modeled on current and future LAD interventions, were asked to understand student uses, perceptions, and reactions to these interfaces. Results indicate that student sensemaking is tied to data relevance, accuracy, and context. Further, trust in both data, especially predictive data, and in relationships, especially with faculty, are foundational to the sensemaking of LAD data and interventions. A model of student sensemaking of LAD interventions is provided.
Jejunal stricture due to mucormycosis
Authors: Budhiraja Richa , Bhargava Siddharth , Sood Neena
Published: July 2019

Mucormycosis is generally considered to be an acute, rapidly progressing, opportunistic fungal infection. Chronic manifestations are extremely rare. Mucormycosis affecting the jejunum is very rare and few cases have been reported. We report a case of mucormycosis causing jejunal stricture in an infant aged six months.
Knowledge discovery using SPARQL property path: The case of disease data set
Authors: Rajabi Enayat , Sanchez-Alonso Salvador
Published: July 2019

The Semantic Web allows knowledge discovery on graph-based data sets and facilitates answering complex queries that are extremely difficult to achieve using traditional database approaches. Intuitively, the Semantic Web query language (SPARQL) has a ‘property path’ feature that enables knowledge discovery in a knowledgebase using its reasoning engine. In this article, we utilise the property path of SPARQL and the other Semantic Web technologies to answer sophisticated queries posed over a disease data set. To this aim, we transform data from a disease web portal to a graph-based data set by designing an ontology, present a template to define the queries and provide a set of conjunctive queries on the data set. We illustrate how the reasoning engine of ‘property path’ feature of SPARQL can retrieve the results from the designed knowledgebase. The results of this study were verified by two domain experts as well as authors’ manual exploration on the disease web portal.
More Money, Less Housework? Relative Resources and Housework in the Czech Republic
Authors: Hamplová Dana , Chaloupková Jana Klímová , Topinková Renáta
Published: July 2019

The article explores the association between housework, earnings, and education. In contrast to the majority of existing studies from Western countries, this article tests the bargaining theory in the Czech Republic. Given the high female labor force participation coupled with a tendency for women to drop out of the labor market for several years after childbirth, the country provides an interesting context to test the theory. Using data from the first wave of the Czech Household Panel, we apply multilevel mixed-effect regressions and analyze the index expressing the relative division of housework between the male and female partners. We demonstrate that in this institutional context, economic factors such as the woman’s education and her absolute or relative earning have little explanatory power for the way housework is shared. Furthermore, we show that the man’s education is a better predictor of the division of housework than the woman’s education.
Minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery for scimitar syndrome variant
Authors: Nitta Manabu , Ishikawa Yoshihiro , Machida Daisuke , Masuda Munetaka , Tamura Koichi , Kimura Kazuo
Published: July 2019

A 19-year-old symptomatic female was diagnosed with scimitar syndrome variant, in which the right pulmonary veins drained into the left atrium and inferior vena cava through an anomalous venous connection (the so-called scimitar vein). Because of the long distance between the scimitar vein and the left atrium, surgical rerouting of the scimitar vein was expected to be difficult. Therefore, after confirmation of insignificant hemodynamic changes by a balloon occlusion test of the scimitar vein, simple ligation of the scimitar vein via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, a minimally invasive procedure, was successfully performed.
Unstable shoes for the treatment of lower back pain: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Bai Deng-Yan , Yuan Zhi-Guo , Shao Jian-Jun , Zhu Tao , Zhang Hai-Jun
Published: July 2019

Objective:

We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the treatment effects of unstable shoes and flat shoes on lower back pain patients.

Data sources:

Literature databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE (up to June 2019), were searched systematically.

Review methods:

Two authors independently screened the retrieved records and identified the randomized controlled trials where patients with lower back pain who wore unstable shoes as intervention and wore flat shoes as a control. Relevant data were extracted for meta-analysis using Review Manager 5.3 software. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was used to assess the pooled outcome evidence levels.

Results:

Five randomized controlled trials and 251 patients were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis results showed that there was a tendency toward a reduction in the Roland–Morris disability questionnaire score (mean difference (MD) –2.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) –4.28 to −0.03, I2 = 53%) and pain score (MD −0.84, 95% CI −1.66 to −0.02, I2 = 84%) in patients wearing unstable shoes compared to those wearing flat shoes. There was no significant difference in the life quality scores between the unstable shoe and flat shoe groups (MD −0.59, 95% CI −6.18 to 5.01, I2 = 0%). Functional disability and pain scores were determined to have very low-quality evidence, and life quality scores were determined to have low-quality evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation analysis.

Conclusion:

Unstable shoes may be effective in treating lower back pain in the clinic, but the conclusion was limited by the current low-quality studies.
Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI T1 relaxometry as an imaging-based liver function test compared with 13C-methacetin breath test
Authors: Theilig Dorothea , Tsereteli Ana , Elkilany Aboelyazid , Raabe Philip , Lüdemann Lutz , Malinowski Maciej , Stockmann Martin , Pratschke Johann , Hamm Bernd , Denecke Timm , Geisel Dominik
Published: July 2019

Background

Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used as an imaging-based liver function test. This study aims to further corroborate its validity.

Purpose

To compare Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI as an imaging-based liver function test with the 13C-methacetin breath test.

Material and Methods

Fifty-three patients who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI T1 relaxometry before and 20 min after intravenous Gd-EOB-DTPA administration as well as a 13C-methacetin breath test (LiMAx test) were retrospectively analyzed. T1 relaxation times of liver parenchyma, total liver volume (TLV), and functional liver volume (FLV) were determined. Pearson correlations, multiple linear regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were performed with indices derived from T1 relaxometry, liver volumetry, and laboratory parameters to identify the best predictor of liver function as determined by the LiMAx test.

Results

T1 reduction rate (T1 RR), T1 RR × TLV, T1 RR × FLV, and T1 relaxation time 20 min after intravenous Gd-EOB administration showed a statistically significant correlation with LiMAx and discriminatory capacity between patients with LiMAx of > and < 315 µg/kg/h. Of the indices investigated, T1 RR showed the best discriminatory capacity and proved to be the only statistically significant parameter in multiple linear regression analysis.

Conclusion

Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI as an imaging-based liver function test also correlates with the LiMAx test which in turn reflects cytochrome P450 function. The T1 reduction rate of the liver on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI allows prediction of liver function as determined by the LiMAx test both for 1.5 and 3.0 T.
Moderate chronic kidney disease and left atrial enlargement independently predict thromboembolic events and mortality in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Wang Hai-jun , Li Kai-liang , Li Jian , Lin Kun , Shi Yang , Wang Hao , Si Quan-jin , Wang Yu-tang
Published: July 2019

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) and left atrial enlargement on the risks of thromboembolic events, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods

We retrospectively studied 751 patients (82.16% men, mean age: 79.0±9.1 years) with AF who were followed up for an average of 34.5 months at a single center. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of risk factors for adverse clinical events were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results

The risks of thromboembolic events, and all-cause and cardiovascular deaths were higher in patients with moderate CKD compared with patients with normal renal function after adjusting for other traditional risk factors (HR: 1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–2.58; HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.08–2.23; HR: 3.49, 95% CI: 1.57–7.74; respectively). Left atrial volume index >28.0 mL/m2 was an independent risk factor associated with thromboembolic events and all-cause and cardiovascular deaths (HR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.21–2.33; HR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.16–2.10; HR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.07–3.28; respectively).

Conclusions

Moderate CKD and left atrial enlargement may predict thromboembolic events, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities in elderly patients with AF without anticoagulation therapy.
The pathogenicity of rmpA or aerobactin-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae in infected mice
Authors: Li Guili , Sun Shuhong , Zhao Zhong Yuan , Sun Yunfang
Published: July 2019

Objectives

To investigate the pathogenicity of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPN) possessing rmpA or the aerobactin gene in infected mice.

Methods

BALB/c mice were divided into four groups (n = 10 per group) and infected with: string test-positive and rmpA-positive or aerobactin-positive KPN (group 1), string test-negative but rmpA-positive KPN (group 2), string test-negative but aerobactin-positive KPN (group 3), or string test- and rmpA/aerobactin-negative KPN (group 4). Mouse survival time was compared among groups, and the infection of livers, spleens, lungs, and kidneys and KPN growth were assessed in infected mice.

Results

Compared with the negative group (group 4), the survival rates of mice infected with rmpA- or aerobactin-positive KPN (groups 1–3) were significantly lower, their multi-organ injuries were significantly more severe, and bacterial enumeration was significantly higher.

Conclusions

Despite being string test-negative, aerobactin- or rmpA-positive KPN still exhibit high virulence and anti-immune effect activity. Therefore, the combination of the string test and gene detection of aerobactin and rmpA will be helpful in screening hypervirulent KPN.
Spatial Attention Shifts in Addition and Subtraction Arithmetic: Evidence of Eye Movement
Authors: Zhu Rongjuan , You Xuqun , Gan Shuoqiu , Wang Jinwei
Published: July 2019

Recently, it has been proposed that solving addition and subtraction problems can evoke horizontal shifts of spatial attention. However, prior to this study, it remained unclear whether orienting shifts of spatial attention relied on actual arithmetic processes (i.e., the activated magnitude) or the semantic spatial association of the operator. In this study, spatial–arithmetic associations were explored through three experiments using an eye tracker, which attempted to investigate the mechanism of those associations. Experiment 1 replicated spatial–arithmetic associations in addition and subtraction problems. Experiments 2 and 3 selected zero as the operand to investigate whether these arithmetic problems could induce shifts of spatial attention. Experiment 2 indicated that addition and subtraction problems (zero as the second operand, i.e., 2 + 0) do not induce shifts of spatial attention. Experiment 3 showed that addition and subtraction arithmetic (zero as the first operand, i.e., 0 + 2) do facilitate rightward and leftward eye movement, respectively. This indicates that the operator alone does not induce horizontal eye movement. However, our findings support the idea that solving addition and subtraction problems is associated with horizontal shifts of spatial attention.
Learning through urban labour pools: Collected worker experiences and innovation in services
Authors: Herstad Sverre J , Solheim Marte CW , Engen Marit
Published: July 2019

Knowledge-intensive services firms depend on the skills and networks of employees and tend to cluster in large-city regions. This raises the fundamental question of whether knowledge-intensive services firms ‘learn through urban labour pools’ in manners that have implications for innovation. To address it, a distinction is in this paper made between ‘related variety’ and ‘unrelated variety’ of work-life experiences collected by employees and combined in firms. The empirical analysis uses innovation survey and register data to demonstrate that higher levels of unrelated variety among staff in urban knowledge-intensive services firms inspire innovation activity and increase the probability of innovation success. Outside cities, where knowledge-intensive services firms on average have more specialized knowledge bases, innovation responds negatively to unrelated variety and positively to related variety. As a result, the sign, size and significance of urban–rural dividing lines in innovation propensities depend on whether firms have cultivated the skill profiles that are most conducive to innovation in their locations. Constraints faced specifically by knowledge-intensive services firms outside cities in this respect are identified and implications for policy drawn.
Experimental and numerical study of coupled gas and resin transport and its effect on porosity
Authors: Mohseni Mohammad , Zobeiry Navid , Fernlund Göran
Published: July 2019

Partially-impregnated prepregs are three-phase systems consisting of fiber, resin, and gas. During processing, one of the main goals is to evacuate the gas and infiltrate the space left behind with liquid resin to minimize porosity. Most work in this area has focused on gas and resin transport independently, and the interaction between resin and gas transport in these systems is currently poorly understood. The current study examines this interaction by evaluating the resulting laminate porosity as a function of different bag and applied pressures during debulk and cure. Experimental results show that resin flow can promote gas evacuation without the need for hard vacuum under the bag. An explicitly-coupled gas–resin transport model is developed on the basis that fiber-bed porosity is a function of resin infiltration. The model extends previous work in the area and is shown to predict the experimentally measured porosity under different pressure situations with acceptable accuracy.
The effect of chelation of sodium alginate with osteogenic ions, calcium, zinc, and strontium
Authors: Iskandar Lilis , Rojo Luis , Di Silvio Lucy , Deb Sanjukta
Published: July 2019

Alginates are attractive in tissue regeneration due to their similarity to the extracellular matrix, biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-antigenicity, and the ability to undergo ionotropic gelation. Alginate hydrogels are formed by ionic crosslinking mainly using calcium ions with some reports on the use of strontium and zinc ions. Strontium and zinc ions in trace amounts are known to accelerate bone healing due to their role in regulating osteoblasts and osteoclasts in addition to their antibacterial properties. This study reports the effect of forming alginate hydrogel films using three different ionic species, Ca2+, Zn2+ and Sr2+ with different M/G ratios on their physical properties as a method of introducing these ions in alginate composites for bone tissue engineering. The results reveal that mechanical and thermal properties of alginate films along with their water sorption behaviour are affected by the type of ions that crosslink them and the relative amounts of M and G length of the different block structures influence the gel forming ability. Since calcium, zinc and strontium are ions of interest due to their osteogenic properties, the results of this study can be used to tailor the properties of alginates for the development of composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration.
Knowing savagery: Humanity in the circuits of colonial knowledge
Authors: Buchan Bruce , Burnett Linda Andersson
Published: July 2019

How was ‘savagery’ constituted as a field of colonial knowledge? As Europe’s empires expanded, their reach was marked not only by the colonisation of new territories but by the colonisation of knowledge. Path-breaking scholarship since the 1990s has shown how European knowledge of colonised territories and peoples developed from diverse travel writings, missionary texts, and exploration narratives from the 16th century onwards (Abulafia, 2008; Armitage, 2000; De Campos Françozo, 2017; Pratt, 1992). Of prime importance in this work has been the investigation of the pre-positioning of colonised peoples within categories derived from European traditions of historical, religious, legal, and political thought as either ‘savages’ or ‘barbarians’ (Richardson, 2018; Sebastiani, 2013).
Application of homogeneous observers with variable exponent to a mechatronic system
Authors: Derbel Syrine , Feki Nabih , Nicolau Florentina , Barbot Jean Pierre , Abbes Mohamed Slim , Haddar Mohamed
Published: July 2019

Monitoring of mechatronic systems is one of the essential issues in the industries. In this context, we firstly deal with the modeling of an electro-mechanical system obtained by assembling a mechanical model, which is a single stage of a gear element and an electrical model that is an asynchronous motor. Secondly, we use homogeneous sliding mode observers in order to supervise the gear dynamical behavior. The observers' parameters are suitably chosen to ensure rapid and accurate convergence between the real and the estimated system states. Finally, a comparative study between three simulations is presented in order to illustrate the observers performances and the influence of the mechanical dynamics on the electrical states.
Application of morphed non-linear phase oscillators for representing rolling piston compressor performance
Authors: Farkas Balázs , Suda Jenö Miklós
Published: July 2019

Rolling piston compressors are small capacity volumetric machines used mainly in household refrigerator and heat-pump units. One of the main characteristics of the compressor is the way how the pressure builds up within the cylinder. This information can be used in more complex models for further investigations, e.g. to analyse the mechanical and thermal stresses of the compressor components. Modelling methods to resemble the pressurisation process of the rolling piston compressor with non-linear oscillators is presented in this paper. The mathematical description of the non-linear oscillators can be used to produce a continuous signal resembling the pressure fluctuations within the cylinder. For the definition of the necessary functions, the main characteristics of the typical rolling piston pressurisation diagram were identified. At first the pressurisation process was approximated by using the mathematical formula of the common Van der Pol oscillator. The oscillator was modified and extended with a linear second order differential equation to improve the resemblance between the target and model functions. To achieve better agreement with the target diagrams, Morphed non-linear oscillators were established. Polynomial and constructive incremental learning method was used to achieve adequate data fitting and the results of both methods were compared. The results show acceptable conformity and proved to be adequate to provide input data for further investigations i.e. for parametric studies of the compressor design. Besides modelling rolling piston compressors, this method can be applied for other volumetric compressors with cyclic pressurization sequence.
A Cross-national Study of Environmental Performance and Culture: Implications of the Findings and Strategies
Authors: Kumar Sushant , Giridhar Vishlavath , Sadarangani Pradip
Published: July 2019

The study investigates the impact of culture on environmental performance across 78 countries. The article explores the possible relationship with two datasets of international indices: (a) the six dimensional index of national culture proposed by Hofstede and (b) the environmental performance index (EPI) published by Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy. It is widely established that population and economic development of a country play significant role in the improvement of environmental performance. In our study, we examine the impact of population growth rate and per-capita gross domestic product (GDP) on environmental performance using structure equation modelling. The results show that environmental performance is significantly influenced by the culture of the country. Per-capita GDP and population growth rate have a positive and negative relationships on the environmental performance. By measuring the cultural dimensions and their impact on global environmental performance, countries could identify the favouring cultural dimensions and design appropriate strategy to optimize the environmental performance. The article proposes the practical implication of results and strategies to improve environmental performance. The study is among the first in studying the cultural dynamics on environment and identify its favourable and adverse relationships for an optimum strategy.
The experience of flow during sensorimotor synchronization to musical rhythms
Authors: Stupacher Jan
Published: July 2019

Sensorimotor integration tasks, such as body movements in time with music, can foster the experience of flow – a pleasurable state of full engagement and concentration occurring during a seemingly effortless and automatic activity. As it can be argued that both music and flow are embodied phenomena, perception-action coupling might be the core of the intimate relationship between flow and music. The current study examines the relationship between the subjective experience of flow and sensorimotor synchronization accuracy/stability in a finger-tapping task with music. In a between-subjects design, participants tapped in time with the beat of music clips with either low, medium, or high rhythmic complexity. After the tapping task, they rated their flow state on the Flow Short Scale with the two subscales fluency of performance and absorption by activity. Tapping accuracy and stability were assessed by the circular variance and the SD of inter-tap-intervals (ITIs), respectively. Both tapping accuracy and stability were significantly correlated with fluency of performance for music clips with medium and high rhythmic complexity, but not for music clips with low rhythmic complexity. No significant correlations were found between tapping accuracy/stability and absorption by activity. The findings add to evidence that perception-action coupling plays a key role in explaining the relationship between flow experience and musical activities. They also suggest that absorption by activity is not as relevant to the experience of flow during musical activities as one might initially assume.
Best Practice Principles When Working With Individuals With Intellectual Disability and Comorbid Mental Health Concerns
Authors: Man Joyce , Kangas Maria
Published: July 2019

Working with individuals with dual disabilities can be a complex process in the presence of limited evidence base to guide clinical practice. The aims of this qualitative study were to investigate perceptions of best practices of Australian psychologists who work with this specialist population. Thirty-eight Australian psychologists working in the intellectual disability field participated in eight semistructured focus groups. Perceptions of evidence-based practice for individuals with intellectual disabilities and in relation to mental health assessment were explored. Psychologists demonstrated resourcefulness in adapting to limits in available evidence-based practice and in modifying mainstream practice to suit the needs of individuals with dual disabilities. Findings suggest the necessity of practice-based evidence in contributing to the evidence base, and person-centered approaches in relation to best practice for people with intellectual disabilities. Implications for strengthening psychologists’ clinical competency and bridging the research and practice gap are discussed.
Anxiety Among Inpatients With Cancer: Findings From a Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam
Authors: Truong Dung Viet , Bui Quyen Thi Tu , Nguyen Do Tri , Moore Jaleesa
Published: July 2019

Anxiety, a condition which is commonly found in patients with cancer, has negative impacts on their quality of life and treatment outcome. This study aimed to determine the level of anxiety in patients with cancer and explore sociodemographic, disease-related, and hospital-related factors associated with anxiety in those patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 510 inpatients with cancer at Thanh Hoa Oncology Hospital, Vietnam. Data were collected from self-administered questionnaire forms on hospital depression anxiety-A, interviews with patients, and patient medical records. The univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed using STATA ver. 14.0. Our finding that the patients’ mean anxiety score (standard deviation) was 7.22 (3.8); 27.6% of the patients had an anxiety score between 8 and 10 points, and 15.5% had an anxiety score of ≥11 points. In the multivariate model, in more advanced stages of cancer, and patients with metastasis were more likely to have higher levels of anxiety than those who presented no sign of metastasis. The longer the patients had cancer, the less anxious they became. Lower levels of anxiety were observed in patients who stated that hospital facilities were adequate or had trust in health workers. Patients with cancer need to be provided with psychological support in the early stage of cancer detection and when metastases form. A strong patient–health-care provider relationship after diagnosis may help reduce distress among patients with cancer with higher levels of medical mistrust.
Response profiles of circulating leukocytes and metal ions in patients with a modular dual-mobility hip implant
Authors: Markel David , Bou-Akl Theresa , Rossi Maria , Pizzimenti Natalie M , Wu Bin , Ren Wei-Ping
Published: July 2019

Introduction:

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate blood metal ion levels and leukocyte profiles in patients with modular dual-mobility hip implant (MDM) during a postoperative follow-up up to 2 years.

Methods:

We recruited 49 patients in a retrospective cohort study and had postoperative follow-up up to 2 years. Blood concentrations of chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co) and serum cytokines were measured. Flow cytometry was used to quantify the subpopulations of leukocytes, including CD14+ and CD16+ monocytes, CD3+ T lymphocytes, CD19+ B lymphocytes, CD4+ Helper T-cells and CD45+RA memory vs. naïve T-cells.

Results:

Clinical performances of implants were good during 2 years of follow-up. Cr levels were normal in all patients and only detectable in 1 patient (1.4µg/L, ref < 5.0µg/L). Co levels were mildly elevated in 4 patients at 1 year (mean 1.375µg/L, range 1.2–1.7µg/L, ref < 1.0µg/L) and in 2 patients at 2-year follow-up (both 1.2µg/L). Interestingly, Co level observed in 3 patients at 1 year converted to undetectable at their 2-year follow-up. Percentages of B cells, T cells and their subpopulations were within normal levels. There was no increase of CD16+ inflammatory monocytes.

Discussion:

With the recent introduction of MDM systems there is potential for metal ion release from the interface between the acetabular shell and CoCr liner. Clinical results have been good and metal levels undetectable or within acceptable ranges at 1–2 years. There was no evidence of activated immune response, as manifested by constant circulating leukocyte profiles and no increase of CD16+ inflammatory monocytes.
A preliminary analysis of biomechanics and saccadic responses for concussion
Authors: Post Andrew , Hashim Eyesha , Ting Windsor Kwan-Chun , Hoshizaki T. Blaine , Gilchrist Michael D. , Cusimano Michael D.
Published: July 2019

Background

Concussion is an injury that occurs in non-sporting and sporting environments. To determine improved clinical methods for identifying this injury, it is important to develop and understand how the impact event results in quantifiable differences in brain functioning—functioning that has been quantified in the past using saccadic measures. The purpose of this research was to examine the relationships between oculomotor deficits, specifically antisaccade responses, and the biomechanics of impact for a concussion.

Methods

Participants underwent a diffusion tensor imaging protocol as well as saccadic testing to determine differences in brain functioning in comparison to controls. The injury event was then reconstructed in laboratory using physical and finite element models to determine the biomechanics of the impact and brain tissue strain. Relationships between the biomechanical variables and antisaccade responses were then examined.

Results

The diffusion tensor imaging analyses found that there was a decrease in radial diffusivity and axial diffusivity found in the cerebral peduncle (p < 0.05) and cingulum hippocampus (p < 0.05), respectively. There was an increase in the axial diffusivity for the corona radiata (p < 0.05). The saccadic testing found an increase in mean latency for the concussed group (p < 0.05). The results indicated no significant relationship between mean latency, duration, amplitude and peak velocity antisaccade measures and the biomechanical variables. This may have been influenced not only by a lack of sensitivity in biomechanical variable to antisaccade responses, but also to these responses being affected by factors other than injury such as attentiveness and wakefulness.

Conclusion

While the sample of this research was small, this research suggests that to improve the understanding of the relationship between impact biomechanics and concussion, methods that can quantify the damage to brain structures through imaging, such as diffusion tensor imaging, may be more appropriate.
Investigation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a dissimilar friction stir welded joint of magnesium alloys
Authors: Singh Kulwant , Singh Gurbhinder , Singh Harmeet
Published: July 2019

In the current scenario, the light-weighting concept is the most important strategy to decrease fuel consumption as well as emissions of greenhouse gases. Magnesium alloys are attractive to various industries including transportation industry for their inherent light-weight. The friction stir welding is proficient to join magnesium alloys. In this article, a dissimilar friction stir welding butt joint between AZ31 and AZ61 magnesium alloys was fabricated, and microstructure and mechanical properties have been examined. The tool rotation speed of 1400 r/min and tool transverse feed rate of 25 mm/min was found quite suitable to fabricate a perfect joint of these dissimilar magnesium alloys. The stir zone was composed of fine and equiaxed grains and showed the highest microhardness value. In the advancing side, heat affected zone was composed of both equiaxed and elongated grains; however, in the retreating side, heat affected zone has relatively smooth grains. The tensile strength of the joint was about 138.37 ± 6.6 MPa. The efficiency of the joint was 51.25% with respect to AZ61 Mg alloy. The average impact toughness of friction stir welding joint was deteriorated by 16.67% and 28.5% with respect to base materials AZ31 and AZ61, respectively.
‘A bridge to normal’: a qualitative study of Indonesian women’s attendance in a phase two cardiac rehabilitation programme
Authors: Sutantri Sutantri , Cuthill Fiona , Holloway Aisha
Published: July 2019

Background:

Cardiac rehabilitation is effective in reducing mortality and morbidity, in improving life expectancy and quality of life for people with cardiovascular disease. Despite these recognised benefits, women’s attendance rates in cardiac rehabilitation programmes remain suboptimal.

Aims:

This paper details the study that explored factors that influence women’s attendance of a phase two cardiac rehabilitation programme in Indonesia

Methods:

An exploratory qualitative research design was used in the study. Semi-structured interviews were used as the main method of data collection. Data were collected from June to September 2016. Twenty-three women aged between 30 and 66 years were interviewed. Transcribed interview data were analysed using a qualitative framework analysis.

Results:

Three major themes were inferred from the analysis: (a) a bridge to normal; (b) connecting with others; and (c) contextual factors. The first theme is illustrated by two subthemes: ‘making my heart work again’ and ‘performing social roles’. The second theme was illustrated by the following subthemes: ‘exchanging knowledge and experience’ and ‘developing a give-and-take relationship’. The third theme was illustrated by three subthemes: ‘recommendations from the staff’, ‘family support’ and ‘availability of health insurance’.

Conclusion:

Women’s attendance in cardiac rehabilitation in Indonesia is mainly influenced by their expectations and desire to be able to resume their previous social roles in the family and society. The findings of this study can assist healthcare professionals to understand better the needs of women and the fit between women’s needs and existing cardiac rehabilitation programmes. Such understanding could provide direction for more effective approaches to the cardiac rehabilitation programmes that are currently offered in Indonesia.
Who’s the realest?
Authors: Edyvane Derek
Published: July 2019

The revival of interest in realism in political theory is comprehensively explored in Politics Recovered, a major new volume of 14 original essays edited by Matt Sleat. Wide-ranging and engaging throughout, the book takes in both supporters and critics of the realist turn and addresses neglected questions of the political application of realism and of the connection between contemporary political realism and the classical IR tradition of realist thought. But I argue that the book also prompts some troubling questions about the ultimate coherence of the realist orientation and about the way in which realists interpret the limits of political theory and of political theorists.
Dysfunctional Cav1.2 channel in Timothy syndrome, from cell to bedside
Authors: Han Dan , Xue Xiaolin , Yan Yang , Li Guoliang
Published: July 2019

Timothy syndrome is a rare disorder caused by CACNA1C gene mutations and characterized by multi-organ system dysfunctions, including ventricular arrhythmias, syndactyly, dysmorphic facial features, intermittent hypoglycemia, immunodeficiency, developmental delay, and autism. Because of the low morbidity and high mortality at a young age, it remains a huge challenge to establish a diagnosis and treatment system to manage Timothy syndrome patients. Here, we aim to provide a detailed review of Timothy syndrome, discuss the mechanisms underlying dysfunctional Cav1.2 due to CACNA1C mutations, and provide some new emerging evidences in treating Timothy syndrome from cell to bedside, promoting the management of this rare disease.

Impact statement

The knowledge of Timothy syndrome (TS) caused by dysfunctional Cav1.2 channel due to CACNA1C mutations is rapidly evolving as novel technologies of electrophysiology are introduced and our understanding of the mechanisms of TS develops. In this review, we focus on the TS-related dysfunctional Cav1.2 and the underlying mechanisms. We update TS-related CACNA1C mutations in a precise way over the past 20 years and summarize all reported TS patients based on their clinical presentations and molecular mechanisms, respectively. We hope this review will provide a new comprehensive way to better understand the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying TS from cell to bedside, promoting the management of TS in practice.
Optimization of the removal of reactive golden yellow SNE dye by cross-linked cationic starch and its adsorption properties
Authors: Guo Jing , Wang Jiankun , Zheng Guo , Jiang Xiaodong
Published: July 2019

In this study, cross-linked cationic starch was synthesized with corn starch as a raw material, epichlorohydrin as a cross-linked agent, and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride as a cationic etherification agent, respectively, and it was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetry. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that cationic N appeared on the surface of cross-linked cationic starch; that is, a quaternary ammonium group was introduced. The X-ray powder diffraction results indicated that although the crystallinity of cross-linked cationic starch was lower than that of corn starch, cross-linked cationic starch still had an A-type crystal structure. The scanning electron microscopy results demonstrated that cross-linked cationic starch maintained a granular structure with small holes on the surface. Finally, the thermogravimetric results illustrated that the thermal stability of cross-linked cationic starch decreased. Before the adsorption experiment, the pHpzc of cross-linked cationic starch was obtained by the pH drift method, and it was 6.8. The optimal removal rate of reactive golden yellow SNE dye obtained by response surface methodology was 99.59%, and the optimal adsorption time, temperature, concentration of dye, and cross-linked cationic starch dosage were 14.3 min, 39°C, 100 mg/L, and 0.7 g/L, respectively. The adsorption of SNE by cross-linked cationic starch conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. The equilibrium adsorption capacity from pseudo-second-order kinetics and the maximum adsorption capacity from Langmuir isotherm model were 123.76 and 208.77 mg/g at 308.15 K, separately. In addition, this adsorption was an endothermic process.
Novel synthesis of highly functionalized cyclopentane derivatives via [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of donor–acceptor cyclopropanes and (E)-3-aryl-2-cyanoacrylates
Authors: Dai Chenlu , Li Mingshuang , Chen Mengjun , Luo Naili , Wang Cunde
Published: July 2019

An efficient [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of cyanocyclopropanecarbonates and ( E)-3-aryl-2-cyanoacrylates mediated by 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene for the synthesis of highly functionalized cyclopentane derivatives in moderate to good yields (79%−87%) was developed. The structures of two typical products were confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
Two tales of one crash: Intergovernmental media relations and agenda building during the Smolensk airplane crash
Authors: Myslik Barbara , Khalitova Liudmila , Zhang Tianduo , Tarasevich Sophia , Kiousis Spiro , Mohr Tiffany , Kim Ji Young , Turska-Kawa Agnieszka , Carroll Craig , Golan Guy
Published: July 2019

This study aims to advance the theoretical and practical knowledge of political public relations, and influence that political profile of the media can have on the agenda-building process. The influences of agenda indexing are also discussed with regard to different media profiles. A quantitative content analysis was conducted to examine the influence of Polish and Russian government messages from presidents and prime ministers regarding the Smolensk plane crash on media coverage in both counties. Newspapers were categorized by political profile representing pro-government, mainstream, or opposition profile. Nearly all of the hypotheses were fully supported for the first, second, and third level of agenda building. Results of this study demonstrate that political public relations’ success and agenda indexing can be affected by a medium’s political profile, particularly in the case of opposition media. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed along with areas of future research.