bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
825-P: Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Insulin Efsitora Alfa (Efsitora) Administered Subcutaneously at Different Injection Sites
Authors: LEOHR JENNIFER , SURIYAPPERUMA SUBHA , GHOSH ARITRA , WATERS DAVID G. , FUKUDA TSUYOSHI
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Efsitora is an insulin receptor agonist designed for once-weekly administration. Injection region preference varies among people with diabetes. This study compared the pharmacokinetic profile of efsitora when administered subcutaneously (SC) into the abdomen, upper arm, or thigh. An intravenous (IV) bolus administration was included to determine the absolute bioavailability.

Method: This was a single-center, 2-part, randomized study conducted in healthy participants. Part A was a parallel design to assess the relative bioavailability of efsitora following a single 100U dose administered SC into the upper arm or thigh, compared to the abdominal wall (N=153). Part B was a 2 period, crossover design to determine the absolute bioavailability of efsitora following a single 100U dose administered SC into the abdominal wall compared to a 44U IV administration (N=10). Blood was sampled for pharmacokinetics for 65 days (~9 weeks) post-dose.

Results: All 90% CIs for the ratios of total efsitora exposure or maximum efsitora concentration of the thigh or upper arm, vs abdomen were contained within 0.80 and 1.25. The absolute bioavailability was 86% into the abdominal wall. Efsitora was well tolerated after single SC injections and IV bolus administration.

Conclusion: Efsitora can be injected SC into the abdomen, upper arm, or thigh, without a change in exposure.

Disclosure

J. Leohr: None. S. Suriyapperuma: Employee; Eli Lilly and Company. A. Ghosh: None. D.G. Waters: Employee; Eli Lilly and Company. T. Fukuda: Employee; Eli Lilly and Company.
828-P: Glycemic Outcomes with Rapid Insulin vs. Ultrarapid Insulin in Omnipod 5 (OP5)
Authors: MAHER MONIQUE , SAKAMOTO CASEY , COBRY ERIN C.
Published: June 2024

Ultrarapid insulins (Lyumjev, Fiasp) are designed to reduce post-prandial excursions and may be beneficial in automated pumps. There is no published data on ultrarapid insulins in the OP5 system. We evaluated glycemic and behavioral measures after switching to ultrarapid insulin.

Data was reviewed retrospectively from people with T1D on OP5 with minimum 3 months rapid insulin prior to switching to ultrarapid. Glycemic measures included A1c, TIR, TBR, TAR, SD, CoV. Surrogates for bolus behavior were override frequency and boluses/day. Linear mixed models were used. Qualitative reports from clinical documents were reviewed.

Of 40 youth and young adults (mean age 12.6 yrs, 46% female, mean T1D duration 5.4 yrs, mean A1c 7.0±0.2%), 13 were using Fiasp and 27 were using Lyumjev. No statistical significances were seen in TIR, TBR, TAR, SD, CoV, A1c, and boluses/day. GMI was higher with Lyumjev and overall. Override frequency was less in Lyumjev and overall. Review of 15 clinical reports showed positive experiences after switching, with less perceived postprandial excursions.

Clinically significant glycemic differences were not seen with ultrarapid insulin with OP5, suggesting that these insulins are interchangeable in an automated system. However, satisfaction and bolus overrides improved with ultrarapid insulin. A larger sample size and meal-specific measures are needed to connect patient experience with glycemic outcomes.

Disclosure

M. Maher: None. C. Sakamoto: None. E.C. Cobry: Advisory Panel; Dexcom, Inc. Other Relationship; Dexcom, Inc.
878-P: Effect of Finerenone on Resistant Hypertension in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—A Randomized Controlled Trial in Indian Population
Authors: GADVE SHARVIL S. , GADVE SNEHA S. , GADVE SHRIYA , CHAVANDA KETKI S. , HANAMSHETTI SATISH
Published: June 2024

Background: Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists are effective for resistant hypertension. However data of effect of finerenone, a novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor anatagonist in Indian patients with T2DM & resistant hypertension is limited. We assessed the efficacy of finerenone in these subjects.

Research Design & Methods: This was a 16-week randomized controlled trial in 84 subjects presenting with resistant hypertension in specialized diabetes care unit in India. They were randomly assigned to treatment with a daily 10 mg of finerenone (n = 42) or to an alternative antihypertensive regimen (n = 42), on top of any ongoing regimen and prevailing lifestyle prescriptions. Finerenone dose was increased to 20 mg daily after 4 weeks after assessment of potassium level. All subjects were seen at 0 weeks, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and then once every 4 weeks. The primary outcome was change in office blood pressure (BP) during follow-up, and secondary outcomes were changes in serum potassium, sodium, & creatinine levels.

Results: Finerenone was associated with significant decrease in office systolic BP (-22 vs. -12 mmHg; p = 0.016), and in diastolic BP (-12 vs. -4 mmHg; p = 0.006). After 2 month, 78% patients in finerenone arm & 46% in alternative arm were controlled (BP < 130/80 mmHg), with significant office BP reduction from 154 ± 16/89 ± 11 to 129 ± 10/79 ± 8, vs. 156 ± 8/88 ± 8 to 142 ± 12/81 ± 10 mmHg in the alternative group. After 4 months an additional 6 % patients in finerenone arm & 5 % patients in alternative arm were controlled with further intensive lifestyle intervention.There was no significant variation in potassium, sodium & creatinine levels in both groups. Hyperkalemia was seen in 2 patients in each arm and could be managed without much concern.

Conclusion: Finerenone was effective in reducing BP to optimal levels in T2DM Indian patients with resistant hypertension & well tolerated and no significant concern of change in potassium level.

Disclosure

S.S. Gadve: None. S.S. Gadve: None. S. Gadve: None. K.S. Chavanda: None. S. Hanamshetti: None.
88-OR: Glucose Regulation of Adipose Tissue Browning by CBP/p300 and HDAC3-Mediated Reversible Acetylation of CREBZF
Authors: CUI AOYUAN , SU WEITONG , LIN JING , DING DONG , JIANG YANG , ZHENG ZENGPENG , HUANG MENGYAO , CAI GENXIANG , WEI SHUANG , LI WENJING , SHEN JIAXIN , FANG XIA , WEN JIAN , HUO YANLING , WEI XIAOYI , LI LIANJIA , LIU ZHAN , QIAN KEYU , ZHAO JIUXIANG , LI YU
Published: June 2024

Glucose uptake is highly induced under cold exposure in adipose tissue, and glucose is required for generating heat during cold-induced nonshivering thermogenesis. However, the regulatory mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we uncovered a glucose sensor, a novel metabolic regulator CREBZF, that mediates the regulatory effects of glucose on browning of adipose tissue. In human white adipose tissue and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) in mice, expression levels of CREBZF were remarkably induced by glucose. Glucose administration induces rectal temperature and thermogenesis in white adipose of control mice. Interestingly, these effects are further potentiated by CREBZF deficiency in adipose tissue. Consistently, during cold exposure, adipose tissue-specific CREBZF knockout mice display enhanced thermogenic gene expression, browning of iWAT and adaptive thermogenesis. Mechanistically, Lys208 acetylation modulated by transacetylase CREB-binding protein (CBP)/p300 mediates the glucose-induced reduction of proteasomal degradation and augmentation of protein stability of CREBZF. Moreover, deacetylase HDAC3 interacts with and removes the acetylation modification of CREBZF. The induced CREBZF by glucose further associates with PGC-1α and represses its transcriptional activity on thermogenic gene expression. Importantly, expression levels of CREBZF are negatively correlated with UCP1 in human adipose tissues and increased in WAT of obese ob/ob mice, which may underscore the potential role of CREBZF in the development of compromised thermogenic capability under hyperglycemic condition. Our results reveal an unknown mechanism of glucose sensing and thermogenic inactivation through reversible acetylation.

Disclosure

A. Cui: None. W. Su: None. J. Lin: None. D. Ding: None. Y. Jiang: None. Z. Zheng: None. M. Huang: None. G. Cai: None. S. Wei: None. W. Li: None. J. Shen: None. X. Fang: None. J. Wen: None. Y. Huo: None. X. Wei: None. L. Li: None. Z. Liu: None. K. Qian: None. J. Zhao: None. Y. Li: None.

Funding

National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFA0802502), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81925008), Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (19140903300)
929-P: A Study to Evaluate Clinical and Metabolic Profile of Type 2 Diabetes Patients Receiving SGLT2 Inhibitors
Authors: KANDULA SRINIVAS , MESHRAM MINAL A. , SONWANE ANAND C. ,   ESQ.
Published: June 2024

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of SGLT2i and its impact on metabolic profile of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients with reference to serum glucagon and blood ketones.

Methodology: The study was conducted in T2DM patients with inadequate glycemic control on a background therapy of either metformin and sulphonylurea (Group A) or metformin and DPP4 inhibitor(Group B) Blood samples were taken for estimation of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), post prandial plasma glucose (PPPG), HbA1c, beta-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) and glucagon levels. Empagliflozin 10mg, was added to the existing anti-diabetic medication. The metabolic parameters were reassessed after 12 weeks.

Results: At the end of 12 weeks glucagon levels increased significantly (28.8 ± 28.74 at baseline vs 108 ± 74 pg/ml; p<0.001). A significant increase in β-HB levels was also observed (0.1 ± 0.07 mmol/L at baseline versus 0.12 ± 0.07 mmol/L (p=0.03). FPG, PPPG and HbA1c decreased significantly by 30.33mg%, 53.16mg% and 1.05% respectively(p<0.01) In group A, FPG and PPPG decreased by 34.43 mg/dl and 51.71mg/dl respectively (p<0.001) with a mean HbA1c reduction of 1.09% (p<0.001) Serum glucagon and β-HB levels increased significantly [82.63 pg/ml (p<0.001) and 0.04 mmol/L (p<0.01) respectively]. In group B, there was decrease in FPG (mean difference 23.6mg %; p=0.003) and PPPG (mean difference 55.5mg%; p<0.001) at 12 weeks. HbA1c reduction of 0.99% was observed. (p=0.003) There was a significant increase in glucagon levels (mean difference +73.52 pg/ml; p<0.001).

Conclusion: Addition of Empagliflozin to T2DM patients with inadequate glycemic control on either metformin and sulphonylurea or metformin and DPP4 inhibitors significantly improved efficacy. Plasma glucagon and β-HB levels increased with chronic empagliflozin treatment suggesting a change in substrate utilization towards fat.

Disclosure

S. Kandula: None. M.A. Meshram: None. A.C. Sonwane: None.
936-P: Effects of SGLT2i and Pioglitazone on FIB-4 Index in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)—A Real World Retrospective Study from India
Authors: PADHYE DAKSHATA , SESHADRI KRISHNA
Published: June 2024

In this retrospective study of 279 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in India, the clinical effectiveness of pioglitazone and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) was investigated. The primary endpoint, assessed at a one-year follow-up, focused on changes in fibrosis (FIB-4) index and the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI score). Of the 276 patients analyzed, 50% were on SGLT2i treatment, with 46% at low risk and 11% at high risk of advanced fibrosis. Of the total (276) patients, 46% of patients were at low risk of advanced fibrosis and 11% were at high risk for advanced fibrosis and majority (50%) were on SGLT2i treatment. At follow up there is a statistically significant reduction in the mean (SD) FIB-4 index (1.92 (1.22) vs. 1.68 (0.99)) and APRI score (0.42 (0.34) vs. 0.33 (0.21)); p <0.001. Among treatment-groups, there is a significant difference in the mean FIB-4 index both at baseline (F: 4.23; p <0.05) and follow up (F: 3.45; p <0.05); mean APRI score, the significance was observed only at baseline (F: 2.84; p <0.05). Importantly in all the treatment groups, there is a clinically significant improvement in FIB-4 index and APRI score. These findings suggest that the combination therapy may be beneficial in managing MASLD, particularly in reducing fibrosis indices in T2DM patients in the Indian population

Disclosure

D. Padhye: None. K. Seshadri: None.
940-P: Efficacy and Safety of Enavogliflozin vs. Dapagliflozin as Add-on Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Renal Function—A Pooled Analysis of Two Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: SANG LYU YOUNG , MO HONG SANG , LEE SIEUN , CHO BOYOUNG , PARK CHEOL-YOUNG
Published: June 2024

Introduction & Objective: We assessed the efficacy and safety of enavogliflozin 0.3 mg, a newly developed SGLT-2 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on kidney function via pooled analysis of two 24-week, randomized, double-blind phase III trials.

Methods: Data from 470 patients were included (enavogliflozin: 0.3 mg/day, n = 235; dapagliflozin: 10 mg/day, n = 235). The subjects were classified by mildly reduced (60 ≤ eGFR < 90mL/min/1.73 m², n = 247) or normal eGFR (≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m², n = 223).

Results: In the mildly reduced eGFR group, enavogliflozin significantly reduced adjusted mean change of HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels at week 24 compared to dapagliflozin (−0.94% vs. −0.77%, P = 0.0196). Enavogliflozin showed potent blood glucose-lowering effects regardless of renal function (HbA1c: -0.84% and -0.96% in the normal and mildly reduced eGFR groups, respectively, P = 0.0744). Conversely, dapagliflozin significantly decreased the glucose-lowering efficacy as the renal function decreased (HbA1c: -0.95% and -0.80% in the normal and mildly reduced eGFR group, respectively, P = 0.0488). Enavogliflozin 0.3 mg induced a higher urinary glucose excretion rate in both groups. The enavogliflozin group showed a significant decrease in the insulin resistance homeostatic model. No significant differences in blood pressure, weight loss, or HOMA-β values were observed between enavogliflozin and dapagliflozin. Adverse events were similar between drugs.

Conclusions: This analysis suggests the superior glucose-lowering efficacy of enavogliflozin over dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with mild renal function impairment, attributed to its potent urinary glucose excretion.

Disclosure

Y. Lyu: None. S. Hong: None. S. Lee: None. B. Cho: None. C. Park: None.
956-P: Successful Use of U-500 Insulin with the Tandem X2 Pump with Control IQ (CIQ)
Authors: AKCAN TUGCE , BASINA MARINA
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The American Diabetes Association recommends the use of U-500 insulin for individuals with insulin dose requirements over 200 units per day. Commercially available insulin pumps are FDA-approved for U-100 insulin. Patients requiring high daily insulin doses must frequently refill pump reservoirs due to the use of large insulin volumes. U-500 allows for less frequent reservoir refills and a reduction in insulin infusion site discomfort. Previously, the VIVID study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of U-500 insulin with pump therapy used in manual mode. We describe a case of using U-500 insulin in a Tandem X2 insulin pump with the CIQ algorithm.

Methods: We reviewed clinical and insulin pump data for a patient before and after switching to U-500 Lispro insulin in a Tandem pump with the CIQ algorithm. The starting insulin dose was calculated as 20% of the U-100 insulin Total Daily Dose (TDD), with 50% allocated to basal insulin delivery. The carbohydrate ratio and correction factor were adjusted proportionally.

Results: Prior to switching to U-500 insulin, the patient's average TDD of insulin was 254.25 units, with a Time in Range (TIR) of 20%. A month following the transition, there was a marked improvement in TIR to 53% with a TDD of 40.53 units of U-500 insulin, without increasing the rate of hypoglycemia. Time spent in the CIQ algorithm averaged 94% per day. The mean blood glucose levels decreased from 250 mg/dL to 185 mg/dL. Additionally, the use of U-500 insulin extended the infusion set wear time from one day to three days.

Conclusion: This is the first-ever reported case highlighting the successful use of the CIQ algorithm with U-500 insulin in a Tandem X2 pump for a patient with a high insulin dose demand. Through appropriate dose conversions and pump setting adjustments, there was a marked improvement in glycemic control in a safe and effective manner. It provides a viable option for patients with severe insulin resistance to use automated insulin delivery systems.

Disclosure

T. Akcan: None. M. Basina: None.
Magnetically Sensitive Carbon-Based Nanocomposites for the Removal of Dyes and Heavy Metals from Wastewater: A Review
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Nahurskyi Nazar , Malovanyy Myroslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Bordun Ihor ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Szymczykiewicz Ewelina ,   Czestochowa University of Technology 69, Dabrowskiego str., Czestochowa 42-201, Poland
Published: June 2024

The methods of wastewater treatment from heavy metal ions and dyes are analyzed, and the key advantages of powdered magnetically sensitive carbon nanocomposites as adsorbents are shown. Methods for selecting and preparing raw materials and activators for the synthesis of such nanocomposites are considered, and methods for synthesizing nanocomposites are analyzed. The properties, modeling of adsorption kinetics and isotherms, and efficiency of magnetic carbon nanocomposites for wastewater treatment from dyes and heavy metals are described.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Blended Films from Rice Stubble as a New Potential Biopolymer Source to Reduce Agricultural Waste: A Mini Review
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Kusuma Heri Septya , Yugiani Puput ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Amenaghawon Andrew Nosakhare ,   Bioresources Valorization Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, Darmokoesoemo Handoko ,   Bioresources Valorization Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Published: June 2024

The vegetative part of the rice plant, Oryza sativa L., that remains after paddy fields have been cleared during harvest or afterward is known as rice stubble. Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Rice Stubble (CMCr) is a promising biopolymer source that can be made from rice stubble waste. Carboxymethyl cellulose was synthesized from rice stubble by a solvent-casting method. Various types of plasticizers (glycerol and olive oil) and the components they contain provide flexibility for use as a material for food packaging. The films' moisture barrier was enhanced by the olive oil content while their extensibility was enhanced by the glycerol content. Indonesia is known as a country with the majority of the population working as farmers. Along with the increase in rice harvested area each year, agricultural waste in the form of rice stubble is also increasing. In the future, the application of CMCr in food packaging has the potential to revolutionize sustainable practices in Indonesia's agricultural sector. By leveraging CMCr's unique properties, such as enhanced moisture barrier and increased extensibility, there is an opportunity to develop eco-friendly packaging solutions. This innovation not only addresses the challenge of rising rice stubble waste but also contributes to the reduction of environmental pollution, offering a greener and more sustainable approach to packaging in the country.
Advanced Research on the Production, Transportation and Processing of High Waxy Oil. A Review
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Topilnytskyy Petro , Shyshchak Oleh ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Tkachuk Valentyna ,   Lutsk National Technical University, 75, Lvivska St., 43018 Lutsk, Ukraine, Palianytsia Liubov ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Chupashko Olesya ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 69, Pekarska St., 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

Global demand for crude oil has grown significantly over the past two decades. However, conventional light crude oil production is declining, and more and more deposits of heavy and waxy oil, including high waxy ones, are being developed, creating new technological challenges at every level of the process, from production to transportation and refining. Among the various problems, the main one is wax deposition. Since the costs of maintenance, repair, and achieving the required low-temperature properties of commercial oil products are very high, solving this problem becomes critical. The paper discusses the existing problems of production, transportation, and refining of waxy crude oil and analyzes the methods of their solution.
Demulsification Methods for Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions. A Review
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Topilnytskyy Petro , Shyshchak Maksym ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Skorokhoda Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Torskyi Vasyl ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

Demulsification (dehydration) is one of the most important problems in the oil industry. The peculiarity of heavy oil emulsions is their high stability since heavy crude contains a significant quantity of resins and asphaltenes. This paper provides an overview of the issue of heavy oil emulsion dehydration, emphasizing the importance of understanding their properties to develop appropriate demulsification methods. The use of environmentally friendly demulsifiers was an object of special attention. The analysis of ongoing research in this area would be useful for researches and engineers.
A Review of Road Bitumen Modification Methods. Part 1 – Physical Modification
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Gunka Volodymyr , Astakhova Olena ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Hrynchuk Yurii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Sidun Iurii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Reutskyy Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Mirchuk Iryna ,   National Transport University, 1 Mykhailа Omelianovycha-Pavlenka St., 01010 Kyiv, Ukraine, Poliak Olha ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

The information in this study is based on a thorough review of recent articles related to the production of binders for road construction and the improvement of their performance properties. The main attention is paid to the physical modification of road bitumen with polymer modifiers. The influence of the three main types of polymers (thermoplastics, elastomers, and thermoplastic elastomers) on the main physical and mechanical properties of bitumen-polymer compositions is shown. The main technological parameters and features of the physical modification of bitumen by different types of polymer modifiers have been determined.
RESPONSE TIME IN INERTIAL MEASUREMENT UNIT CONTROL ALGORITHMS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zeng Xinyu , Lysa Olha ,   Lviv National Agrarian University
Published: June 2024

The Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) [1] is a cornerstone technology in various fields, ranging from aerospace to consumer electronics, where accurate motion tracking is paramount. Central to the effectiveness of an IMU is the quality of data processing, particularly in the context of filtering techniques. This study compares two filtering methods: Complementary Filters and Kalman Filters, in their application to IMU data processing. Complementary Filters, known for their simplicity and efficiency, contrast with the more complex but potentially more accurate Kalman Filters. Our investigation delves into the underpinnings of each filter, followed by a practical analysis of their performance in real-world IMU applications. We comprehensively compare these filters in terms of accuracy, computational efficiency, and ease of implementation. This research offers valuable insights for practitioners and researchers in selecting the most suitable filtering approach for specific IMU-based applications, enhancing the overall quality of motion sensing and analysis.
INFORMATIONALITY OF NOISE-LIKE SIGNALS
Authors:   Lviv Politecnic National University, Kolodiy Zenoviy , Nadiya Lazarenko Nadiya Lazarenko ,   Lviv Politecnic National University
Published: June 2024

With known methods of detecting and extracting a useful signal from a signal-noise mixture, another method of detecting an information signal is proposed - based on the analysis of the energy spectrum of such a mixture. Examples of informa- tional signals were noise-like signals generated by operators. The white noise signal was generated with a computer. The statistical parameters of the signals of the operators and the computer - average value, variance - were commensurate. The analysis of the operators' signals showed that with sufficient duration of these signals, their energy spectrum is similar to flicker noise. The energy spectra of most signals generated by natural dynamic systems are similar to the form of flicker noise. The informativeness of opera- tor signals, white noise, and additive signal-noise mixture was evaluated by the value of entropy, which was determined by the parameter τ of the approximating function of the energy spectrum. At the same time, the amount of information in white noise is zero, and the amount of information in noisy signals of operators is greater, the smaller the value of τ is.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AI CLOUD-BASED VIDEO RECORDING SYSTEM FOR ATHLETE MOVEMENTS
Authors:   Lviv Politecnic National University, Bershchankyi Yevhen , Klym Halyna ,   Lviv Politecnic National University
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the design and development of an AI cloud-based video recording system for athlete move- ment analysis. The proposed system utilizes the Wemos D1 Mini microcontroller as the core hardware platform and a GoPro cam- era for high-quality video capture. By leveraging the capabilities of these components, the system enables real-time video re- cording of athlete movements, facilitating detailed performance analysis and feedback. Furthermore, the system seamlessly inte- grates with Amazon Web Services (AWS) IoT Core, enabling efficient data transmission and storage in the cloud. Through re- search and development, both the hardware and software components of the system were designed and implemented, ensuring robust performance and scalability. Experiments demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed solution in capturing high-fidelity video footage of athlete movements and securely transmitting it to the cloud for further analysis. This research lays the foundation for advanced athlete monitoring systems, offering valuable insights for coaches, trainers, and sports scientists to enhance training regimens and optimize performance.
MEAT QUALITY RESEARCH USING CLASSIFICATION ALGORITHMS
Authors:   Lviv Politecnic National University, Kutyansky Ostap , Pasternak Volodymyr
Published: June 2024

The food industry is going through constant improvements and is subject to analyzing consumer needs, product quality research is essential to striking this balance. In this regard, meat quality, the most essential food category, should be studied with unbiased methods that give precise and correct results. Classification algorithms are considered one of the main components of developing an objective and reliable method of meat quality assessment. Such algorithms imply meat analysis and classification automation with many parameters in mind, which eventually gives a chance to make quick and correct decisions concerning its quality.
MACHINE LEARNING METHODS IN THERMOMETERS’ DATA EXTRACTION AND PROCESSING
Authors:   Lviv Politecnic National University, Skoropad Pylyp , Yuras Andrii ,   Lviv Politecnic National University
Published: June 2024

Research focuses on developing an all-encompassing algorithm for efficiently extracting, processing, and analyz- ing data about thermometers. The examination involves the application of a branch of artificial intelligence, in particular machine learning (ML) methods, as a means of automating processes. Such methods facilitate the identification and aggregation of pertinent data, the detection of gaps, and the conversion of unstructured text into an easily analyzable structured format. The paper details the employment of reinforcement learning for the automatic extraction of information from diverse resources, natural language pro- cessing for analysis of textual values, and the decision tree method for discerning patterns within the data.
ANALYSIS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS OF UKRAINIAN UAV MANUFACTURERS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Horbal N. , Karachkov V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2024

Purpose. The global UAV market is fast-growing and highly competitive. In Ukraine, with the beginning of a full-scale invasion, the demand for UAVs increased tenfold. The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of functioning, the current state of the global and domestic drone markets, as well as the post-war prospects for the development of the UAV industry in Ukraine, in particular, the current and prospective international competitiveness of Ukrainian companies. Design/methodology/approach. The study, based on the collected data on the world and Ukrainian drone market, tested the hypothesis regarding the significant potential (due to the full-scale invasion) of Ukrainian UAV manufacturers on the world market after the end of the war. The following research methods are used: analysis, synthesis, generalization, analogy, comparison, systematization, graphical methods of data display. Findings. The features, current state and prospects for the development of the UAV industry in the world and in Ukraine are analyzed, with the main emphasis on the impact of the war on it. It is shown that the global UAV market is fast growing and highly competitive. In Ukraine, with the beginning of a full-scale invasion, the demand for UAVs increased tenfold, which led to the involvement of significant amounts of human and material resources in this industry. However, it was shown that today Ukrainian UAV manufacturers are still largely dependent on imported components, primarily Chinese, which significantly affects their competitiveness and increases the risks of activity. However, gradually, with the growth of production volumes, the localization of production of many components is already increasing in Ukraine. There are already about 200 drone manufacturers operating in Ukraine, and in the future, some of them will be able to produce civilian models in addition to military drones, probably successfully competing on the global market. Practical implications. The hypothesis regarding the significant potential (due to the full-scale invasion) of Ukrainian UAV manufacturers on the world market after the end of the war, was confirmed. Originality/value. Before the full-scale invasion in 2022, Ukraine was not a significant player in the global UAV market. Today the situation is completely different though due to the acquisition of specific experience in warfare. Therefore, the study of the current state and post-war prospects for the development of the domestic UAV industry in Ukraine, in particular the prospective international competitiveness of Ukrainian companies, is innovative and valuable today.
The Effect of Concentration and Immersion Time Disinfectant on Sterilization Aglaonema Hybrid (Pink Katrina) Leaves
Authors: Budiarni Kasandra , Hindaningrum Irni Furnawanthi , Muharromah Restu Siwi , Kartiman Roni , Novita Linda , Hardiani Lany , Elya Mardoni , Kubil
Published: June 2024

Aglaonema sp. is well known as an ornamental plant in Indonesian society. It has leaf with various beautiful patterns. Aglaonema pink katrina is one of the imported hybrids Aglaonema. A method to increase plant yield quickly is tissue culture. The crucial step in plant tissue culture is sterilization. This study aimed to find the best sterilization method by looking at the effect of concentration and immersion time of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as disinfectant to reduce contaminants explant Aglaonema Pink Katrina leaves. In this study, there were 11 groups consisting of positive control, negative control, and immersion with 2,5; 5%; and 10% NaOCl for 1 minute and 3 minutes. Parameters observed included the time of first contamination, percentage of bacterial and fungal contamination, and appearance of explants for 28 days. The DMRT test showed significant differences in all treatments of disinfectant concentration and soaking time.The results show contamination first time occurred in code S0a (negative control), the highest percentage of sterile explants was in code A5, and explants that were still green/fresh were found in codes A5 and A8 after observation.
Penambahan Biji Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) pada Fermentasi Tempe Kedelai dalam Peningkatan Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Nilai Kesukaan
Authors: Dwianto Stefanus Agung , Meitiniarti V Irene , Sukmana Andreas Binar Aji , Dewi Lusiawati
Published: June 2024

Tempe merupakan produk pangan berbahan kedelai (Glycine max) yang difermentasi dengan melibatkan mikroba dari genus Rhizopus. Tempe memiliki berbagai kandungan gizi dan senyawa, salah satunya adalah antioksidan. Untuk meningkatkan kandungan antioksidan dalam tempe dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan bahan alami. Biji chia (Salvia hispanica) dipilih karena termasuk bahan pangan fungsional dan memiliki kandungan antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas penambahan biji chia pada fermentasi tempe kedelai dalam peningkatan antioksidan dan nilai kesukaan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan RAL dengan satu faktor dan empat taraf perlakuan, yaitu konsentrasi penambahan biji chia 0%,  0,5%, 1% dan 1,5% (b/b). Penentuan aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH, sedangkan uji hedonik dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner pada 15 orang panelis. Hasil pengukuran antioksidan menunjukkan penambahan biji chia pada tempe dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antioksidan yang dapat dilihat pada persen inhibisi. Persen inhibisi paling tinggi yaitu pada konsentrasi biji chia 1% yaitu sebesar 69,83%. Pada uji hedonik dengan uji Univariate dan uji lanjutan Duncan, perlakuan tempe tanpa pemberian bumbu menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata antar konsentrasi perlakuan pada parameter aroma dan tekstur. Sedangkan perlakuan tempe dengan penambahan bumbu menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata antar konsentrasi perlakuan pada parameter tekstur dan rasa.
Modification of Starch with Amylosucrase: Methods, Physicochemical Properties and Health Implications
Authors: Dewi Angela Myrra Puspita , Tethool Eduard Fransisco
Published: June 2024

Amylosucrase is a transglucosylase enzyme that utilizes sucrose as a substrate to produce α-1,4 glucan (amylose-like polymer). Modification of starch with Amylosucrase can increase the degree of polymerization, degree of crystallinity, heat stability, and increase the proportion of slow digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS). Thus, Amylosucrase (ASase) modified starch has enormous potential to be developed in the food industry because the consumption of ASase modified starch can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce blood glucose response, making it suitable for consumption by people with Diabetes Mellitus. In addition, consumption of ASase-modified starch also has the potential to prevent obesity and improve blood lipid profile.
Differenzierte Bedienung im ÖPNV
Authors: Bültemann Stefanie , Viergutz Kathrin , Scheier Benedikt
Published: June 2024

Konventionelle Bedienkonzepte im ÖPNV besitzen statische Soll-Fahrpläne sowie vorgegebene Linienwege und Haltestellen. Ein innovatives bedarfsorientiertes ÖPNV-System bedarf der Flexibilisierung der starren räumlichen und zeitlichen Rahmenbedingungen: Fahrgäste können haltestellenlos und zu beliebigen Zeiten Zugang zum Verkehrssystem erhalten. Durch die Errichtung dieses innovativen Bedienkonzepts ergeben sich neue Herausforderungen an die Betrachtung der Wirtschaftlichkeit. In diesem Artikel werden Life Cycle Costs anhand von zwei Szenarien analysiert.
Verkehrsinfrastruktur und hochautomatisiertes Fahren
Authors: Kühn Wolfgang
Published: June 2024

Für die Einführung des hochautomatisierten Fahrens ist zunehmend eine intelligente Verkehrsinfrastruktur erforderlich. Maßgebliche Infrastrukturdaten müssen den Fahrzeugen in einem geeigneten Detailliertheitsgrad mit zugehöriger Genauigkeit und einem anerkannten Datenformat digital zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Durch das sogenannte Vorwissen von einer geplanten Route und einem zugehörigen Online-Abgleich in Echtzeit während der Fahrt ist eine einfachere und genaue Verortung des Fahrzeuges im digitalen Straßenraum möglich.
Smart Data for Mobiltiy - Wie Daten unsere Mobilität verändern
Authors: Schwarzer Ingo
Published: June 2024

Mit dem Bus zum Bahnhof und mit dem Zug in die nächste Stadt, dann mit dem Mietwagen zum Reiseziel, anschließend mit dem Flugzeug und dem Taxi wieder zurück: Für eine Reise von der Haustür zum endgültigen Ziel sind meist mehrere Transport- bzw. Beförderungsmittel nötig. Der Anspruch, eine kontinuierliche Reisekette zu gewährleisten, stellt den Mobilitätssektor jedoch vor diverse Herausforderungen. Smart-Data-Technologien, wie sie das Projekt „SD4M – Smart Data for Mobility“ entwickelt, können zukünftig Mobilitätsdienstleistern beim Optimieren ihrer Prognosen und Planungen helfen und den Reisenden ihren Weg zu erleichtern.
„Wir brauchen keinen Plan B“
Authors: Staake Erich
Published: June 2024

Wenn die Wirtschaft brummt, sind Transportkapazitäten gefragt, und für die Duisport-Gruppe war 2016 ein gutes Jahr. Doch Renationalisierung und Protektionismus könnten die Lage schnell verändern. Fragen an den Vorstandsvorsitzenden der Duisburger Hafen AG, Erich Staake.
Parken in Japan
Authors: Axhausen Kay W. , Chikaraishi Makoto , Seya Hajime
Published: June 2024

Die Diskussion rund um das Parken, dessen Menge und Preise, verfängt sich meist in relativen Kleinigkeiten, da ihr oft radikale Alternativen fehlen. Die Situation in Japan ist eine solche Alternative, da dort die Parkplätze fast ausschließlich privat bewirtschaftet werden und deren Preise über den Tag und auf kurze Distanzen stark variieren. Parkplatzsuche wird dort nicht als Problem wahrgenommen. Der Beitrag schildert die Situation in Japan und insbesondere in Hiroshimas Innenstadt, dem Zentrum eines Ballungsraums mit mehr als einer Million Einwohner. Die Parkplatzgebühren in der 8 km2 großen Innenstadt variieren um den Faktor 25. Der Ort der höchsten Gebühren verschiebt sich um 1,25 km von Tag zu Nacht.
Smart Data verkürzen Fahrzeiten
Authors: Köbler Felix
Published: June 2024

Lange Staus, verstopfte Zubringer und Mangel an Parkplätzen: Die Verkehrslage in deutschen Städten raubt vielen Autofahrern den letzten Nerv – und sie ist zugleich teuer. Denn sie kostet gerade kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen wie Handwerksbetriebe oder Dienstleister, die jeden Tag auf den Straßen unterwegs sind, Zeit, Kraftstoff und Geld. Wie eine Smart Data-basierte Service- und Datenplattform helfen soll, den Verkehr zu steuern, zeigt das Projekt „ExCELL“.
Pilotbetrieb mit autonomen Shuttles auf dem Berliner EUREF-Campus
Authors: Hunsicker Frank , Knie Andreas , Lobenberg Gernot , Lohrmann Doris , Meier Ulrike , Nordhoff Sina , Pfeiffer Stephan
Published: June 2024

Auf dem Berliner EUREF-Campus befindet sich seit November 2016 das erste öffentlich zugängliche Testfeld für hochautomatisierte Shuttles in Deutschland. Bei den täglichen Linienfahrten mit Fahrgästen und im Mischbetrieb mit anderen Verkehrsteilnehmern konnte eine Menge wichtiger Erfahrungen gesammelt werden. Neben Erkenntnissen zur technischen Weiterentwicklung standen Fragen zur Nutzerakzeptanz im Vordergrund. Ausgehend vom erfolgreichen Linienbetrieb kann nun die Pilotierung komplexerer Use Cases beginnen, die den Weg zur intelligenten Mobilität von morgen weiter ebnen helfen.
Auswirkungen vollautomatisiertere PKWs auf die Verkehrsmittelwahl
Authors: Wödl Sebastian , Pakusch Christina , Bossauer Paul , Stevens Gunnar
Published: June 2024

Das autonome Fahren wird die Mobilität revolutionieren. Um die Auswirkung der Vollautomation auf die Eigenschaften der Verkehrsmittel und die Präferenzen der Nutzer besser zu verstehen, haben wir die Nutzenwerte neuen Verkehrsmodi im Vergleich zu den bestehenden Verkehrsmodi analysiert und im Rahmen einer Online-Umfrage von potentiellen Nutzern in Form eines vollständigen Paarvergleichs bewerten lassen. Die Studie zeigt, dass der Privat-PKW, unabhängig davon ob traditionell oder vollautomatisiert, zwar nach wie vor das präferierte Verkehrsmittel ist, im direkten Vergleich das Carsharing jedoch viel stärker von der Vollautomation profitiert. Darüber hinaus gibt es Hinweise darauf, dass das vollautomatisierte Carsharing verstärkt in Konkurrenz zum ÖPNV tritt.
Partizipation und Deeskalation bei der Planung von Infrastrukturvorhaben
Authors: Bandelow Nils C. , Vogeler Colette S.
Published: June 2024

In Niedersachsen forschen seit 2014 wissenschaftliche Teams aus den Sozial-, Rechts-, Ingenieurwissenschaften und der Psychologie zur Eskalation von Konflikten um Großvorhaben. Diese Konflikte basieren nicht nur auf dem jeweiligen lokalen Gegenstand, sondern können auch zur Arena gesamtgesellschaftlicher Auseinandersetzungen werden. Sie folgen einer sich selbst verschärfenden Eigendynamik. Deeskalationsstrategien müssen daher so früh wie möglich ansetzen. Sie müssen viele Aspekte beachten, die von den Teildisziplinen des Forschungsverbunds für eine Gesamtmodellierung erarbeitet werden.
Neues Datenanalyse-Tool für die Radverkehrsplanung
Authors: Oschabnig Kerstin , Gressl Elisabeth
Published: June 2024

Investitionen in den Radverkehr steigen allmählich. Damit ist jedoch noch nicht sichergestellt, dass auch die richtigen Maßnahmen umgesetzt werden. Ein Radweg, wo niemand Rad fährt, fehlende Anschlüsse oder lange Wartezeiten an Kreuzungen sind nur halb so effektiv. In einem Forschungsprojekt hat Bike Citizens ein Datenanalyse-Tool entwickelt, das Radverkehrsplanern als Werkzeug für die Evaluation, Analyse und Simulation von Radverkehrsdaten dient. Angeboten wird das Tool für Städte und Kommunen zur nachhaltigen Förderung und Optimierung des Radverkehrs.
Angriffs- und Betriebssicherheit im Bahnbetrieb
Authors: Schnieder Lars
Published: June 2024

Im Zuge der Digitalisierung wird die Bahntechnik zunehmend von komplexer Informationstechnik durchdrungen. Anwendungen werden über offene Netze verbunden. Gleichzeitig werden zunehmend handelsübliche Komponenten, Betriebssysteme und Übertragungsprotokolle in Bahnsignalanlagen eingesetzt. Parallel hat die Anzahl der Angriffe auf IT-Systeme stark zugenommen. Tools für solche Angriffe sind teilweise im Internet frei verfügbar. Technologietrends und neue Bedrohungsszenarien verstärken für die Betreiber und Hersteller die Notwendigkeit, sich dem Thema IT-Sicherheit mehr als bisher zu widmen.
Public transit and land use decisions
Authors: Kossak Andreas
Published: June 2024

The integration of public transit and land use planning in large cities and metropolises is still widely insufficient, at least in the Federal Republic of Germany. As a consequence, the potential of transit-oriented land use could be more fully exploited in order to maximize the benefits for traffic and the environment. This situation clearly needs to be corrected. This can be achieved by re-positioning transit agencies in the processes of deciding how to use land, creating a better orientation of the land use development that incorporates the backbone systems of public transit, taking advantage of innovative financing options, and, last but not least, acknowledging expected changes in future mobility patterns.
Unbemannter Frachttransport im Luftverkehrssystem
Authors: Schultz Michael , Temme Annette , Kügler Dirk
Published: June 2024

Die Bedeutung unbemannter Luftfahrzeuge für zivile Anwendungen nimmt stetig zu. Dabei ist zu erwarten, dass in Zukunft im Besonderen auch Frachtflugzeuge im Langstreckenflug unbemannt operieren werden. Im DLR-Projekt UFO (unmanned freight operations) wurden grundlegende Randbedingungen für eine effiziente Integration in das Luftverkehrssystem analysiert, operationelle Konzepte entwickelt und anhand von verschiedensten Einsatzszenarien erfolgreich demonstriert.
Intelligente Überwachung mobiler Objekte in Seehäfen
Authors: Vojdani Nina , Lück Thomas
Published: June 2024

Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Integration eines RTLS in die Prozesslandschaft eines RoRo-Terminals zur Überwachung von Trailern innerhalb des Hafengeländes. Durch den Einsatz moderner Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien soll die Abwicklung der Umschlagsprozesse im Hafen verbessert werden. Das vorgestellte System vereint etablierte Ansätze, wie die GPS-gestützte Positionsbestimmung und die Identifikation der zu lokalisierenden Objekte durch Beacons. Zum Empfang und zur Verarbeitung der Positionsinformationen wird auf die vorhandene Sensorik in Smartphones (MD) zurückgegriffen.
Verkehrlich-städtebauliche Auswirkungen des Online-Handels
Authors: Altenburg Sven , Esser Klaus , Wittowsky Dirk , Groth Sören , Kienzler Hans-Paul , Kurte Judith , van der Vlugt Anna-Lena
Published: June 2024

Die dynamischen Entwicklungen im Online-Handel führen derzeit zu einem erheblichen Zuwachs an urbanen Lieferverkehren, die sich nicht nur mehr auf die Kernstädte, sondern zunehmend auch hinein in die Wohnquartiere erstrecken. Dies verschärft lokal und global wirksame Emissions-Problematiken, zugleich geht die steigende Anzahl der Lieferfahrzeuge zulasten der Attraktivität und Funktionalität städtischer Quartiere. Der Beitrag zeigt beispielhaft auf Grundlage einer vom BBSR und BMUB im Auftrag gegebenen Grundlagenstudie, dass Kommunen mit regional angepassten Konzepten eine schonendere Abwicklung der Lieferverkehre forcieren können. Dies setzt jedoch einen Kenntnisstand darüber voraus, wie sich neue Logistikstrukturen und Verkehrsströme in der Fläche organisieren werden.
Transporte von Flüssignährstoffen per Binnenschiff
Authors: Decker Thomas
Published: June 2024

Die Binnenschifffahrt und ihre Verlader- und Empfängerschaft gelten derzeit noch nicht als vom digitalen, hyperkompetitiven Wettbewerb erfasst. Verlagerungseffekte von der Straße auf das Binnenschiff gibt es kaum. Der Transport von Flüssignährstoffen könnte also ein neues Geschäftsmodell werden, um kaum genutzte Transportkorridore besser auszulasten und seit 01.01.2018 frei werdende Einhüllentanker umzuwidmen. Gülle wird inzwischen durchaus per Binnenschiff transportiert, dies allerdings noch in zu geringen Mengen. Digitale Güllebörsen könnten den Prozess forcieren.
Anforderungen an urbane Fahrzeugkonzepte
Authors: Kopp Gerhard , Gebhardt Laura , Klötzke Matthias , Heinrichs Matthias , Heinrichs Dirk
Published: June 2024

Städte sind geprägt von hoher Bevölkerungsdichte, Verkehrsaufkommen und Flächenkonkurrenz. Neue Mobilitäts- und PKW-Konzepte versuchen, die individuellen Mobilitätsbedürfnisse zu bedienen. Das DLR erforscht im Projekt „Urbane Mobilität“ diese Bedürfnisse und hat einen systematischen Ansatz zur nutzerzentrierten Entwicklung neuer Fahrzeugkonzepte auch jenseits der klassischen, privat besessenen Straßenfahrzeuge entwickelt. Der gewählte „Mixed-Method“-Ansatz berücksichtigt die unterschiedlichen Mobilitätsanforderungen verschiedener Mobilitätstypen und bildet die Vielzahl an Einflussfaktoren auf exemplarische Fahrzeugkonzepte ab.