bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Self-Efficacy and Subjective Cognitive Complaints on Health Care Use Among Middle-Aged Adults
Authors: Facal David , Gandoy-Crego Manuel , Taboada-Vázquez Antonio , Rodríguez-González Raquel
Published: January 2020

Self-efficacy (SE) has been shown to be a remarkable cognitive factor affecting health. Subjective perception of memory and other cognitive failures (i.e., subjective cognitive complaints [SCC]) have been associated with self-perception. The authors studied whether SE is a relevant subjective variable in predicting SCC in middle-aged adults living in the community (
N
= 438) and explored the role of SE and SCC in predicting health care use. SE, age, and cognitive performance predicted SCC. SE, age group, cognitive status, and SCC were predictors of health care use in univariate logistic regression analysis, although only SE, age group, and cognitive status remained significant in the multivariate analysis. The influence of SCC in health care use seems to be mediated by subjective estimations, such as those measured by SE. The authors suggest that well-implemented health education interventions might contribute to an increase in SE in middle-aged adults with a subsequent decrease in SCC, which would have a relevant effect in reducing the burden of care. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 13
(5), 228–232.]
The Effects of Nursing Home Culture Change on Resident Quality of Life in U.S. Nursing Homes: An Integrative Review
Authors: Duan Yinfei , Mueller Christine A , Yu Fang , Talley Kristine M
Published: January 2020

Culture change is intended to transform nursing homes from impersonal institutions into person-centered homes. Despite a growing interest in studying culture change, empirical evidence for its effects on quality of life (QOL) has not been synthesized. The current integrative review examined how QOL outcomes were measured in culture change studies and analyzed the current evidence for culture change effects on QOL. Guided by a conceptual framework, this review systematically searched for literature in multiple databases and identified 11 eligible studies. QOL measures varied across studies, ranging from overall perception of life to specific measures associated with physical and psychosocial well-being. Overall, culture change demonstrated a positive trend in benefiting QOL. Although inconsistent evidence existed for most QOL measures, relatively consistent evidence was found to support positive effects on resident satisfaction and autonomy. Rigorous designs are needed for future studies to generate strong evidence. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 13
(4), 210–224.]
The Mahler measure of $ (x+1/x)(y+1/y)(z+1/z)+\sqrt{k} $
Authors: Zheng Huimin , Guo Xuejun , Qin Hourong
Published: January 2020

In this paper we study the Mahler measures of reciprocal polynomials \begin{document}$ (x+1/x)(y+1/y)(z+1/z)+\sqrt{k} $\end{document} for \begin{document}$ k = 16 $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ k = -104\pm60\sqrt{3} $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ 4096 $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ k = -2024\pm765\sqrt{7} $\end{document}. We prove six conjectural identities proposed by Samart in [16].
An Evaluation on the Management Processes of FATIH Project
Authors: Ocak Mehmet Akif , Efe Abdullah Alper
Published: January 2020

This chapter investigates the FATIH Project in terms of educational administration and management processes. An extended literature review is conducted on how decision makers and administrators contribute the diffusion of FATIH Project and evoke necessary changes to transform education in classroom discourse and pedagogy. The outcomes of FATIH Project is still little understood because of its massive size and long-term feedback. The management processes of FATIH Project needs to be analyzed in the context of planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, controlling, monitoring, reporting, and communication. In order to implement successfully five dimensions of FATIH Project (accessibility, productivity, equality of opportunity, measurability, quality), it is important to investigate administrational and leadership issues, especially when critical decisions are made.
Technology Integration in Educational Administration
Authors: Sezen-Gultekin Gozde , Hamutoglu Nazire Burcin
Published: January 2020

This chapter aims to addresses technology integration in terms of educational administration. In this context, firstly it presents the current situation of education by referring to educational policies, development plans, international reports, and contemporary applications of educational policies. It then addresses the definition, application areas, examples, and next generation applications of technology integration. Lastly, it addresses technology integration at national and international levels within the scope of educational policies and development plans, and some recommendations are made to make use of technology integration in development of instructional leadership, technology leadership, innovation management, and professional competencies.
Sub-Dimensions in the Management of Open and Distance Learning
Authors: Altinpulluk Hakan
Published: January 2020

Management is the execution of processes such as financing of institutions, provision of production tools, marketing of produced goods and services, regulation of business processes, determination of strategies, organization of human resources using the most efficient resources. The management of open and distance learning (ODL) institutions can be examined in various dimensions concerning these processes. This chapter describes the financing, marketing steps, information systems, benchmarking, quality, and accreditation processes of the ODL institutions' management. It is understood that these processes in the management of ODL institutions contain very different components from those in the on-campus educational institutions and have a hierarchical structure within themselves. In this chapter, the management dimension in ODL systems is examined in all aspects, supported by reports from reputable organizations and other studies in the literature.
Shaping School Culture With Technology
Authors: Yeşil Lamia Büşra
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the impact of using technology on school culture along with its effects on the organizational climate. The researcher uses a case school and reveals ethnographic research with sample activities. To identify the correlation between being an eTwinning school and its effect on the school culture, data were collected from a focus group consisting of 11 administrators and project coordinators in Turkey whose school is an eTwinning school. Their views about integrating technology to the school culture and their preferences on using Web 2.0 tools as a leader are questioned. The data obtained is analyzed and interpreted by descriptive analysis. According to the results, it appears that being an eTwinning school has a positive impact on the school culture. The schools that use technology most are characterized by innovation, sharing, collaborative work, and positive communication with stakeholders in terms of shaping their culture.
Introduction to Email, Web, and Message Forensics
Authors: Khan Mohammad Zunnun , Husain Mohd. Shahid , Shoaib Mohd.
Published: January 2020

With the advent of information and communication technologies, e-mail is one of the prime tools for communication. Almost everyone uses emails for business communications as well as for sharing personal information. E-mail is vulnerable against cybercrimes. This chapter focuses on the basic concepts of web forensics and then provides an insight about the e-mailing policies, email architecture, and existing investigation techniques used by forensic investigators. Most of the organizations implement some standard e-mailing policies; however, it is not sufficient to handle and prevent the digital crimes. We need to monitor and investigate emails for proper check. This chapter discusses some prominent tools and techniques through which forensic experts can gather and analyze data about suspected email accounts for investigation and produce evidence in the court of law.
Application of Machine Learning In Forensic Science
Authors: Haroon Mohammad , Tripathi Manish Madhava , Ahmad Faiyaz
Published: January 2020

In this chapter, the authors explore the use of machine learning methodology for cyber forensics as machine learning has proven its importance and efficiency. For classification and identification purposes in forensic science, pattern recognition algorithms can be very helpful.
Semiochemical-mediated aggregation of the ambrosia beetle Trypodendron betulae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Authors: Kühnholz Susanne , Gries Regine , Borden John H.
Published: January 2020

Porapak Q-captured volatiles from both sexes of Trypodendron betulae Swaine (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) excised from newly attacked logs of paper birch, Betula papyrifera Marshall (Betulaceae), as well as volatiles from unattacked birch logs, were analysed by coupled gas chromatographic electroantennographic detection analysis. Active compounds were identified by gas chromatographic mass spectroscopy. The enantiomeric ratio of 6-ethenyl-2,2,6-trimethyloxan-3-ol (linalool oxide pyranoid) was determined using a Cyclodex B column. Field-trapping experiments disclosed that the female-produced aggregation pheromone of T. betulae is a blend of the (3S,6R)-trans- and (3R,6R)-cis-linalool oxide pyranoid. Trap catches were synergistically increased when the pheromone was combined with both the host volatile ethanol and with conophthorin, which was found in female beetles as well as host volatiles. Use of linalool oxide pyranoid reproductively isolates T. betulae from sympatric Trypodendron Stephens species for which only (+)-lineatin has been identified as an aggregation pheromone.
Monocyte-Derived Cells in Tissue-Resident Memory T Cell Formation
Authors: Chu Kuan-Lun , Batista Nathália V. , Girard Mélanie , Watts Tania H.
Published: January 2020

There is currently much interest in how different dendritic cell and macrophage populations contribute to T cell–mediated immunity. Although conventional dendritic cell subsets have received much attention for their role in T cell priming, there is emerging evidence for a role for monocyte-derived APC (MoAPC) in tissue-resident memory T cell (Trm) formation. Cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage play a key role in providing chemokines and cytokines for the localization, differentiation, and survival of Trm and Trm precursors. In addition, inflammatory MoAPC are the key providers of TNF superfamily costimulatory signals, a signal we refer to as signal 4 for T cell activation. Recent evidence suggests that signal 4 from MoAPC occurs postpriming and substantially increases Trm formation. Key questions remain, such as the Ag dependence of signal 4 and the specific mechanisms by which MoAPC–Trm interactions affect the long-term maintenance of Trm.
Sex Differences in Ultrasound-Based Muscle Size and Mechanical Properties of the Cervical-Flexor and -Extensor Muscles
Authors: Nagai Takashi , Schilaty Nathan D. , Krause David A. , Crowley Eric M. , Hewett Timothy E.
Published: January 2020

Context

Neck pain (NP), neck injuries, and concussions are more prevalent in female athletes than in their male counterparts. Females exhibit less neck girth, strength, and stiffness against a perturbation. As part of the clinical examination for individuals with NP, ultrasound (US)–based imaging of the cervical muscles has become common. Muscle size or thickness and stiffness can be measured with US-based B-mode and shear-wave elastography (SWE), respectively. Information on reliability, normative values, and sex differences based on US-based muscle size or thickness and stiffness in young and athletic individuals is limited.

Objective

To evaluate sex differences in US-based muscle size or thickness and biomechanical properties of the cervical-flexor and -extensor muscles.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 13 women (age = 23.7 ± 1.9 years, height = 167.1 ± 6.1 cm, mass = 63.8 ± 5.6 kg) and 11 men (age = 25.6 ± 4.9 years, height = 178.7 ± 8.3 cm, mass = 78.9 ± 12.0 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The same examiner collected all measures, using US B-mode to scan the cross-sectional area and thickness of the longus colli (LC), sternocleidomastoid (SCM), cervical-extensor muscles, and upper trapezius (UT) muscle. The US SWE-mode was used to measure the stiffness of the SCM and UT. Independent t tests or Mann-Whitney U tests were calculated to determine sex differences. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) measured intrarater test-retest reliability.

Results

Men had thicker SCMs than women (P = .01). No sex differences were present for longus colli cross-sectional area, cervical-extensor muscle thickness, or UT thickness (P > .05). In addition, no sex differences were evident for SCM (P = .302) or UT (P = .703) SWE stiffness. Reliability was good to excellent (ICC = 0.715–0.890) except for SCM SWE stiffness (ICC = 0.554).

Conclusions

The only sex difference was in SCM thickness. However, smaller SCMs in women did not result in less SCM SWE stiffness. We provided normative values for US-based imaging of the cervical-flexor and -extensor muscles in young and athletic men and women.
Indoor Localization Services for Hearing Aids using Bluetooth Low Energy
Authors: Kapiczynski Michał , Rotger-Griful Sergi , Wagner Stefan
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND: Hearing loss is a common disorder which is usually treated with hearing aids. The context of use, whether being outside, inside of large or small rooms, in a quiet or noisy environment, or talking with someone near or at a distance, often requires the hearing aid user to adjust the settings of the hearing aids manually in order to reach an optimal or even acceptable hearing experience. Knowing the context of a hearing aid user in the home setting, including the position within the home, could likely automate and optimize relevant hearing aid settings as needed. Several modern hearing aids are already equipped with Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) antennas enabling their connectivity with smartphones and other compatible devices. This allows for the development of positioning and localization services using BLE.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of using the BLE radio signal of hearing aids to provide indoor localization and positioning support when used in combination with fixed radio access points in a home setting.METHODS: A research platform based on a single Oticon hearing aid and three embedded Raspberry Pi computers placed at three strategic locations in a home setting was developed. The Raspberry Pis used the two statistical learning methods K-Nearest Neighbors and Decision Trees for non-obtrusive detection, classification, and determination of the location of the hearing aid. The efficacy of the research platform was evaluated during two hearing experience relevant efficacy studies: 1) room classification and 2) proximity detection of hearing aid users to their conversation partners. RESULTS: Room classification results provided an accuracy of 88.79% and it was found feasible and reliable to differentiate whether the hearing aid user was within a comfortable conversation distance or not.CONCLUSION: These results open up for a wide range of audiological applications in indoor environments for supporting new context-aware services for improving the hearing experience of the users.
أثر إغفال القراءات في التحليل البلاغي
Authors: Yasser Mohammed Babateen Yasser Mohammed Babateen
Published: January 2020

اعتنى البلاغيون بالفروق بين الألفاظ والصيغ المتقاربة، للوقوف على وجه المزية في النظم القرآني، وتوجيه المتشابه اللفظي بمقتضى ذلك، واستنباط دقائق الدلالات ولطائف الإشارات. فالنظم يتناول اختيار اللفظ وصيغته وتركيبه وترتيبه في سياقه. والتوجيه البلاغي للفظ القرآني يتوقف على تتبع الاستعمال القرآني، ودراسة اللغة: سماعها وقياسها، ومراعاة ما يحفُّ السياق من قرائن. والقراءات القرآنية من صميم الاستعمال القرآني. وإغفالها قد يؤول إلى توجيه بلاغي منقوص لا يوفي السياق حقه، أو منقوض تعارضه دلالات القراءات القرآنية. وهذا الخلل المنهجي هو ما تحاول الدراسة أن تقاربه من خلال نماذج تكشف مدى قصور التحليل البلاغي المعزول عن القراءات القرآنية.
المشكلة الكردية في ظل الجمهورية التركية
Authors: Ahlam Aly Al-zahrani Ahlam Aly Al-zahrani
Published: January 2020

العلاقة الكردية في ظل الجمهورية التركية, ابتداء من الحركة الكمالية 1919م وما صاحبها من احداث مع الاصرار الكردي على اقامة دولة كردستان.
دور الإدارة الإلكترونية في القضاء على الفساد الإداري والمالي في المملكة العربية السعودية؛ تصميم نموذج
Authors: Hassan Abdullah Hassan Al-Qarni Hassan Abdullah Hassan Al-Qarni
Published: January 2020

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور الإدارة الإلكترونية في القضاء على الفساد الإداري والمالي في المملكة العربية السعودية، ومن ثم وضع نموذج مقترح للإدارة الإلكترونية للقضاء على الفساد الإداري والمالي، واتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتم إعداد استبانة من 4 محاور رئيسة تناولت وعي المواطنين بأشكال الفساد الإداري والمالي، وبعض آثار الفساد الإداري والمالي، ودور الإدارة الإلكترونية في القضاء على الفساد الإداري والمالي، ودور النموذج المقترح في هذا المجال، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (1200) شخص من سعوديين ومقيمين عبر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي بمدينة جدة، أسفرت الدراسة عن عدد من النتائج، من أهمها: وعي المواطنين بانتشار أشكال الفساد الإداري والمالي، الآثار السلبية للفساد الإداري والمالي، ودوره في عرقلة المعاملات الحكومية والإدارية، تلعب الإدارة الإلكترونية دوراً كبيراً في الحد من الفساد الإداري والمالي، يحقق النموذج المقترَح العديد من المزايا ومنها: تنظيم العمل الإداري، الحد من التداخل الإداري، القضاء على المركزية، تطبيقَ الشفافية، الحد من المحسوبية والمحاباة، أتمتة الإجراءات الإدارية ودعم القضاء على الروتين الإداري، وفي ضوء النتائج السابقة قدّم الباحث عددًا من التوصيات، من أهمها: تطبيق النموذج الإلكتروني (نافذ) لتحقيق الأهداف التالية: متابعة المعاملات والطلبات؛ والقضاء على الفساد الإداري والمالي، والمساهمةِ في التحول الاقتصادي والاجتماعي لرؤية 2030.
مستوى توافر المعايير المهنية لدى معلمي الطلبة الموهوبين في منطقة نجران في ضوء بعض المتغيرات
Authors: Hassan Ali Abdullah bani Hamad Hassan Ali Abdullah bani Hamad
Published: January 2020

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على مستوى توافر المعايير المهنية لدى معلمي الطلبة الموهوبين في منطقة نجران، واختبار الفروق في مستوى توافر المعايير تبعا لاختلاف متغيرات الجنس والمؤهل والخبرة التدريسية، لذا استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (41) معلماً ومعلمة تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية البسيطة، وقد أظهرت النتائج أنَّ مستوى توافر المعايير المهنية لدى معلمي الطلبة الموهوبين في منطقة نجران جاء بدرجة كبيرة على مستوى الأداة الكلية, وتوفرت لديهم خمسة معايير بدرجة كبيرة، ومعياران بدرجة متوسطة. وبينت النتائج وجود فروقٍ دالة إحصائياً في مستوى توافر المعايير المهنية لمعلمي الطلبة الموهوبين تعزى لتأثير متغيرات الجنس، والمؤهل العلمي، وكشفت أيضا عدم وجود فروقٍ دالة إحصائياً في مستوى توافر المعايير المهنية لمعلمي الطلبة الموهوبين تعزى لتأثير متغير الخبرة التدريسية. وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة تبني الجهات المعنية بتدريب معلمي الطلبة الموهوبين - سواء قبل الخدمة أم أثناءها - المعايير الخاصة بمعلمي الطلبة الموهوبين.
الجدران لها آذان: دراسة لغوية وتحليل الخطاب لفن الجداريات في جدة: المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: نهى الشرفا و علاء الجوفي نهى الشرفا و علاء الجوفي
Published: January 2020

تهدف هذه المقالة اللغوية العلمية الى تقديم مفهوم جديد لفن الجداريات في مدينة جدة بالتركيز على الوظائف اللغوية كما تنقلها لغة هذه الجداريات حيث تعكس القيم الاجتماعية والثقافية الخاصة بمختلف نواحي المجتمع السعودي. وترتكزهذه الدراسة على تحليل اللغة هذه المفردات والظواهر النحوية ومميزاتها باتباع نظريات تحليل الخطاب النقدي (CDA) كما وضعها اللغوين فاندييك و فيركلوج (Van Dij and Fairclough) وطوراها لتشمل الثقافات اللغوية الاجتماعية . وتتكون بيانات الجداريات التي تخلو من التخريب أو من أعمال الشغب، والتي تم تجميعها لهذه الدراسة من 229 استخداما من مدينة جدة وجامعتي جدة وجامعة الملك عبد العزيز ، و أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن هناك أربعة أنواع من الجداريات: الأولى هي عبارات شخصية، والثانية هي عبارات تتعلق بمحبة الوطن، والثالثة تحتوي على عبارات دينية والرابعة عبارات محظورة اجتماعيا لتعلقها بكلمات السب والألفاظ النابية ولكن تنحصر فيما يسمح به القانون. وتحظى الجداريات في جدة بميزات لغوية فريدة منها البساطة في التعبير والإبداع الخلاق والتنوع ويمكننا الاستنتاج أن الجداريات في جدة تحتوي على إبداعات متميزة يتفرد بها المجتمع السعودي، كما يرى كاتبي هذه المقالة أنها دراسة غير مسبوقة في علم اللغويات وتحليل الخطاب النقدي مما يجعلها تلاقي اهتمام علمي مميز لدى اللغويين-الاجتماعين ومتخصصي علم النفسي والتعليم والإدارة بما في ذلك التربويين وإثراء لهذا التخصص من علم اللغويات.
الالتفات في ضوء اختلاف القراءات القرآنية ودلالاته التفسيرية (دراسة وصفية)
Authors: فهد بن عبد المنعم صقير السلمي فهد بن عبد المنعم صقير السلمي
Published: January 2020

الحمد لله الذي خلق فسوى وأنعم فهدى وشرح للإسلام صدورنا وحبّب إلينا العلم وزيّنه في قلوبنا، ثم الصلاة بعد والسلام على خير من علم الورى، محمد وآله وصحبه ومن سار على نهجه واقتفى. وبعد رحلة متيعة في مطاف القرآن الكريم وجميل صوره البلاغية واللغوية عموماً، ودلالاته التفسيرية خصوصاً، وبين ثنايا أسلوب الالتفات في القرآن الكريم في ضوء اختلاف القراءات القرآنية، وقبل أن تجف الصفحات وترفع الأقلام دونت مستخلصا لهذا البحث الذي سمّيته: (الالتفات في ضوء اختلاف القراءات القرآنية ودلالاته التفسيرية). فقد تناولت في المبحث الأول، تعريف القرآن الكريم والقراءات، حيث إنها مجال البحث وموضِع دراسته، ثم شرعت في المبحث الثاني في تعريف الالتفات وانصراف الكلام فيه من الخطاب إلى الغيبة إلى التكلم والعكس من ذلك، ثم عرجت على أقسامه ومسمياته وبعض صيغه بصورة وجيزة مختصرة، وكل ذلك تمهيداً ومدخلاً للولوج إلى صلب البحث. حيث قمت في المبحث الثالث بدراسة أسلوب الالتفات وأثره في اختلاف القراءات وتأثره بها ودلالاته التفسيرية وصوره في توسيع المعنى وإطلاق المقيد وتقييد المطلق من المعاني، عموماً. ثم في المبحث الرابع ضربت الأمثال على صور الالتفات وأثره في القراءات ومنهج القرآن في تعميم الخاص وتخصيص العام وأثر ذلك في التفسير. وفي المبحث الخامس والأخير، تناولت أثر الالتفات ودلالاته في تكامل معاني القراءات القرآنية، وأثر الالتفات في توجيه بعض القراءات ورفع الإشكال الذي وقع فيه بعض المفسرين والبلاغيين، وأثر ذلك في إعجاز القرآن وبلاغته.
О верхних функциях для интегральных квадратичных функционалов от процесса Орнштейна-Уленбека с переменными коэффициентами
Authors: Palamarchuk Ekaterina S
Published: January 2020

В работе проводится анализ асимптотического поведения интегральных квадратичных функционалов, определенных на процессах Орнштейна-Уленбека с переменными коэффициентами. Решается задача поиска верхней функции, с вероятностью 1 мажорирующей отклонение интеграла от его ожидаемого значения при возрастании параметра времени. Полученные результаты применяются для оценки качества управления в задачах стохастических линейно-квадратических регуляторов на бесконечном интервале времени при использовании асимптотически устойчивых управляющих воздействий.
О проверке нормальности авторегрессии с засорениями критерием Пирсона
Authors: Boldin Mixail Vasil'evich
Published: January 2020

Мы рассматриваем стационарную линейную $\operatorname{AR}(p)$-модель в ситуации, когда наблюдения содержат грубые выбросы (засорения). Параметры авторегрессии неизвестны, распределение инноваций тоже. По остаткам от оценок параметров строится подобие эмпирической функции распределения и основанный на ней тест типа хи-квадрат Пирсона для проверки нормальности распределения инноваций (нормальность инноваций, напомним, эквивалентна нормальности самой авторегрессионной последовательности). Найдена асимптотическая мощность теста при локальных альтернативах, установлена качественная робастность при гипотезе и альтернативах.
Предельные теоремы для функций от фрактального броуновского движения
Authors: Savitskii Aleksandr Vadimovich
Published: January 2020

Статья посвящена изучению выборочных статистик, построенных по выборке из фрактального броуновского движения с показателем Хeрста $H$, в частности, выборочных автоковариационных статистик. Исследованы две статистики, характеризующие ковариационную зависимость между приращениями этого процесса, в частности, их асимптотические свойства и предельные распределения. Доказана сходимость почти всюду и вычислен предел для каждой из статистик. Показано, что в зависимости от значений показателя $H$ статистики имеют разные предельные распределения, найдено полное описание этих распределений с помощью семиинвариантов.
Was Keynesian economics ever dead? If so, has it been resurrected?
Authors: Fazzari Steven M.
Published: January 2020

This article reflects on rising interest in Keynesian macroeconomics in the aftermath of the Great Recession. I identify aspects of Keynesian thinking that never were completely banished from the mainstream as well as threads of Keynesian macroeconomics that have become more influential since the crisis. However, the way most mainstream analysis continues to invoke the zero lower bound for short-term interest rates and the concept of the ‘natural’ rate of interest implies that any Keynesian resurrection outside of heterodoxy remains incomplete. The future may bring broader recognition of how demand leads economic growth and of ways in which the demand side leads the supply side beyond the typical textbook ‘short run.’
Why does the history of economic thought neglect Post-Keynesian economics?
Authors: Guizzo Danielle
Published: January 2020

Despite receiving increased interest after the global financial crisis of 2007–2008 and consolidating itself as an established research program, Post-Keynesian economics remains under-represented within publications on the history of economics. When compared to other traditional heterodox approaches such as Marxist, Institutionalist, and Austrian economics, Post-Keynesian economics falls behind considerably, contradicting the Post-Keynesian appreciation for the history of the discipline. This article explores some reasons behind this detachment by considering two main factors: first, the recent disciplinary and institutional changes experienced by the history of economics in the last ten years; and, second, the recent ‘maturing state’ of Post-Keynesian economics and its unique treatment of the history of economic thought. The article concludes by suggesting a new research agenda for Post-Keynesianism, making use of the ‘applied’ turn proposed by the recent history of economic thought as one of the strategies for Post-Keynesians to engage with the economics discipline.
Entrevista com Maria Valéria Rezende
Authors: Chiarini Ana Maria
Published: January 2020

Entrevista com Maria Valéria Rezende
Machine translation: a critical look at the performance of rule-based and statistical machine translation
Authors: Banitz Brita
Published: January 2020

O ensaio fornece uma avaliação crítica do desempenho de dois sistemas distintos de tradução automática, Systran e Google Translate. Primeiro, é fornecida uma breve visão geral dos sistemas de tradução automática baseados em regras e estatísticas, seguida de uma discussão sobre os problemas envolvidos na avaliação automática e humana das outputs de tradução automática. Por fim, as traduções em alemão de Mark Twain, traduzidas por Systran e Google Translate, estão sendo avaliadas criticamente, destacando alguns dos desafios linguísticos enfrentados por cada sistema de tradução.
Study on the Mechanical Properties of Solid Composite Propellant Used as a Gas Generator
Authors: Junqueira Pimont Lia , Cristina Gomes Fernandes Paula , Fernando de Araujo Ferrão Luiz , Yuji Nagamachi Marcio , Pereira Cardoso Kamila
Published: January 2020

A gas generating propellants are used as initiators of liquid rocket propellants turbopumps and have as desired characteristic a high-volume production of low-temperature gas. In this context, some formulations of composite propellant containing polyurethane (based on liquid hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene), guanidine nitrate, ammonium perchlorate, and additives were evaluated and characterized in order to verify their potential as gas generator propellant, as well as to evaluate the influence of additives on mechanical properties. The formulations were prepared, analyzed, and tested for mechanical properties.
Hadley cell expansion in CMIP6 models
Authors: Grise Kevin M. , Davis Sean M.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. In response to increasing greenhouse gases, the subtropical edges of Earth's Hadley circulation shift poleward in global climate models. Recent studies have found that reanalysis trends in the Hadley cell edge over the past 30–40 years are within the range of trends simulated by Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models, and have documented seasonal and hemispheric asymmetries in these trends. In this study, we evaluate whether these conclusions hold for the newest generation of models (CMIP6). Overall, we find similar characteristics of Hadley cell expansion in CMIP5 and CMIP6 models. In both CMIP5 and CMIP6 models, the poleward shift of the Hadley cell edge in response to increasing greenhouse gases is 2–3 times larger in the Southern Hemisphere (SH), except during September–November. The trends from CMIP5 and CMIP6 models agree well with reanalyses, although prescribing observed coupled atmosphere-ocean variability allows the models to better capture reanalysis trends in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). We find two notable differences between CMIP5 and CMIP6 models. First, both CMIP5 and CMIP6 models contract the NH summertime Hadley circulation equatorward (particularly over the Pacific sector), but this contraction is larger in CMIP6 models due to their higher average climate sensitivity. Second, in recent decades, the poleward shift of the NH annual-mean Hadley cell edge is slightly larger in CMIP6 models. Increasing greenhouse gases drive similar trends in CMIP5 and CMIP6 models, so the larger recent NH trends in CMIP6 models point to the role of other forcings, such as aerosols.
Effect of legume intercropping on N2O emissions and CH4 uptake during maize production in the Great Rift Valley, Ethiopia
Authors: Raji Shimelis Gizachew , Dörsch Peter
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Intercropping with legumes is an important component of climate-smart
agriculture (CSA) in sub-Saharan Africa, but little is known about its
effect on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange. A field experiment was
established at Hawassa in the Ethiopian rift valley, comparing nitrous oxide
(N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes in minerally fertilized maize (64 kg N ha−1) with and without Crotalaria (C. juncea) or lablab (L. purpureus) as intercrops
over two growing seasons. To study the effect of intercropping time,
intercrops were sown either 3 or 6 weeks after maize. The legumes were
harvested at flowering, and half of the aboveground biomass was mulched. In
the first season, cumulative N2O emissions were largest in 3-week
lablab, with all other treatments being equal to or lower than the fertilized
maize mono-crop. After reducing mineral N input to intercropped systems by
50 % in the second season, N2O emissions were comparable with the
fully fertilized control. Maize-yield-scaled N2O emissions in the first
season increased linearly with aboveground legume N yield (p=0.01), but
not in the second season when early rains resulted in less legume biomass
because of shading by maize. Growing-season N2O-N emission factors
varied from 0.02 % to 0.25 % in 2015 and 0.11 % to 0.20 % in 2016 of the
estimated total N input. Growing-season CH4 uptake ranged from 1.0 to
1.5 kg CH4-C ha−1, with no significant differences between
treatments or years but setting off the N2O-associated emissions by up
to 69 %. Our results suggest that leguminous intercrops may increase
N2O emissions when developing large biomass in dry years but, when
mulched, can replace part of the fertilizer N in normal years, thus
supporting CSA goals while intensifying crop production in the region.
HER: an information theoretic alternative for geostatistics
Authors: Thiesen Stephanie , Vieira Diego M. , Mälicke Mirko , Wellmann J. Florian , Ehret Uwe
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Interpolation of spatial data has been regarded in many different forms, varying from deterministic to stochastic, purely data-driven to geostatistical, and parametric to non-parametric methods. In this study, we propose a stochastic, geostatistical estimator which combines information theory with probability aggregation methods for minimizing predictive uncertainty, and predicting distributions directly based on empirical probability. Histogram via entropy reduction (HER) relaxes parametrizations, avoiding the risk of adding information not present in data (or losing available information). It provides a proper framework for uncertainty estimation that takes into account both spatial configuration and data values, while allowing to infer (or introduce) physical properties (continuous or discontinuous characteristics) of the field. We investigate the framework utility using synthetically generated datasets and demonstrate its efficacy in ascertaining the underlying field with varying sample densities and data properties (different spatial correlation distances and addition of noise). HER shows comparable performance with popular benchmark models and the additional advantage of higher generality. The novel method brings a new perspective of spatial interpolation and uncertainty analysis to geostatistics and statistical learning, using the lens of information theory.
Research on the micro and dynamic characteristics of combination surface based on fractal theory
Authors: Zhu Chunxia , Yan Zhibiao
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The dynamic characteristics of the mechanical joint surface are important
aspects of the dynamic theoretical analysis and optimization design of the
machine tool. In this paper, the typical mechanical joint surface is taken
as the research object. Through the combination of theoretical analysis and
experimental analysis, the dynamic characteristics of typical joint surface
parameters with different surface textures and the influence of texture
parameters on the dynamic characteristics of the joint surface are studied.
Based on the Hertz elastic contact theory and the contact fractal theory,
the normal and tangential contact fractal models of the joint surface are
derived, and then a mathematical model of the joint surface normal and
tangential contact stiffness considering the domain expansion factor is
established. The influence of surface texture parameters on the dynamic
characteristics of the surface is further studied according to the model. In
addition, the design of the experimental device and experimental scheme
design are completed by the contact resonance method and the ERA algorithm,
and the joint surface parameter identification experiment with texture is
conducted. The normal and tangential frequency response functions of the
joint surface, the dynamic characteristic parameters of the joint surface
and the influence law of the joint surface parameters on the contact
characteristics are obtained through the dynamic test analysis technology.
Experimental protocol for sealevel projections from ISMIP6 standalone ice sheet models
Authors: Nowicki Sophie , Payne Antony J. , Goelzer Heiko , Seroussi Helene , Lipscomb William H. , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Agosta Cecile , Alexander Patrick , Asay-Davis Xylar S. , Barthel Alice , Bracegirdle Thomas J. , Cullather Richard , Felikson Denis , Fettweis Xavier , Gregory Jonathan , Hatterman Tore , Jourdain Nicolas C. , Kuipers Munneke Peter , Larour Eric , Little Christopher M. , Morlinghem Mathieu , Nias Isabel , Shepherd Andrew , Simon Erika , Slater Donald , Smith Robin , Straneo Fiammetta , Trusel Luke D. , van den Broeke Michiel R. , van de Wal Roderik
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Projection of the contribution of ice sheets to sea-level change as part of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project – phase 6 (CMIP6) takes the form of simulations from coupled ice-sheet-climate models and standalone ice sheet models, overseen by the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP6 (ISMIP6). This paper describes the experimental setup for process-based sea-level change projections to be performed with standalone Greenland and Antarctic ice sheet models in the context of ISMIP6. The ISMIP6 protocol relies on a suite of polar atmospheric and oceanic CMIP-based forcing for ice sheet models, in order to explore the uncertainty in projected sea-level change due to future emissions scenarios, CMIP models, ice sheet models, and parameterizations for ice-ocean interactions. We describe here the approach taken for defining the suite of ISMIP6 standalone ice sheet simulations, document the experimental framework and implementation, as well as present an overview of the ISMIP6 forcing to be used by participating ice sheet modeling groups.
ISMIP6 Antarctica: a multi-model ensemble of the Antarctic ice sheet evolution over the 21st century
Authors: Seroussi Helene , Nowicki Sophie , Payne Antony J. , Goelzer Heiko , Lipscomb William H. , Abe Ouchi Ayako , Agosta Cecile , Albrecht Torsten , Asay-Davis Xylar , Barthel Alice , Calov Reinhard , Cullather Richard , Dumas Christophe , Gladstone Rupert , Golledge Nicholas , Gregory Jonathan M. , Greve Ralf , Hatterman Tore , Hoffman Matthew J. , Humbert Angelika , Huybrechts Philippe , Jourdain Nicolas C. , Kleiner Thomas , Larour Eric , Leguy Gunter R. , Lowry Daniel P. , Little Chistopher M. , Morlighem Mathieu , Pattyn Frank , Pelle Tyler , Price Stephen F. , Quiquet Aurélien , Reese Ronja , Schlegel Nicole-Jeanne , Shepherd Andrew , Simon Erika , Smith Robin S. , Straneo Fiammetta , Sun Sainan , Trusel Luke D. , Van Breedam Jonas , van de Wal Roderik S. W. , Winkelmann Ricarda , Zhao Chen , Zhang Tong , Zwinger Thomas
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Ice flow models of the Antarctic ice sheet are commonly used to simulate its future evolution in response to different climate scenarios and inform on the mass loss that would contribute to future sea level rise. However, there is currently no consensus on estimated the future mass balance of the ice sheet, primarily because of differences in the representation of physical processes and the forcings employed. This study presents results from 18 simulations from 15 international groups focusing on the evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet during the period 2015–2100, forced with different scenarios from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) representative of the spread in climate model results. The contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet in response to increased warming during this period varies between −7.8 and 30.0 cm of Sea Level Equivalent (SLE). The evolution of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet varies widely among models, with an overall mass loss up to 21.0 cm SLE in response to changes in oceanic conditions. East Antarctica mass change varies between −6.5 and 16.5 cm SLE, with a significant increase in surface mass balance outweighing the increased ice discharge under most RCP 8.5 scenario forcings. The inclusion of ice shelf collapse, here assumed to be caused by large amounts of liquid water ponding at the surface of ice shelves, yields an additional mass loss of 8 mm compared to simulations without ice shelf collapse. The largest sources of uncertainty come from the ocean-induced melt rates, the calibration of these melt rates based on oceanic conditions taken outside of ice shelf cavities and the ice sheet dynamic response to these oceanic changes. Results under RCP 2.6 scenario based on two CMIP5 AOGCMs show an overall mass loss of 10 mm SLE compared to simulations done under present-day conditions, with limited mass gain in East Antarctica.
Challenges in the Implementation of CLIL in Higher Education: From ESP to CLIL in the Tourism Classroom
Authors: Vega Melita , Moscoso Maria
Published: January 2020

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has often been touted as an effective means of enhancing the language proficiency gains among its learners due to its focus on content over form and higher cognitive demand. However, cautions have been raised regarding the varying conditions and contexts that need to be taken into consideration in order to ensure its effectiveness. This study aimed to analyze the outcome of switching from an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) program to a CLIL program in the fourth and fifth semesters of the School of Tourism at the University of Azuay. Study participants were randomly divided into two groups: a CLIL (experimental) and a non-CLIL group (control), where the former received CLIL instruction and the latter received ESP instruction for an average of five hours per week over a period of two consecutive semesters. The findings revealed no significant increases in language proficiency or differences in achievement between the two groups, thus suggesting that the starting language level of learners influenced the results of the CLIL program.
“Aqui a gente não faz milagre”: Particularidades do tratamento espiritual de doenças no espiritismo kardecista
Authors: Santos Barbosa Allan Wine
Published: January 2020

Busco discutir neste trabalho o processo de tratamento espiritual e cura oferecidos por um pequeno centro espírita de São Carlos, interior de São Paulo. A partir de um caso etnográfico, analiso as técnicas e discursos empregados pelos espíritas em relação ao conhecimento médico convencional. Discuto também como o tratamento espiritual não busca se opor à ciência médica secular, mas se constrói enquanto um desenvolvimento da, assim apreendida, limitação do conhecimento humano. A imbricação entre o contexto espírita e o conjunto de técnicas e procedimentos advindos da ciência médica produz uma situação em que o processo de cura é encarado pelos pacientes de forma diversa da noção de “milagre”, presente em contextos católicos e pentecostais. O procedimento da cura espiritual implica num trânsito entre espiritualidade e materialidade, diferentemente da manifestação transcendental do sagrado que caracteriza o milagre. O trabalho visa, portanto, fornecer uma contribuição etnográfica aos debates sobre a interface entre saúde e espiritualidade através de um enfoque nas formas pelas quais esse universo de significados e práticas se materializa na experiência dos frequentadores do centro espírita.
Velas e Velones: sobre estética e materialidade entre Catolicismo e Vodu na República Dominicana
Authors: Castillo de Macedo Victor Miguel
Published: January 2020

Neste trabalho exploro a multiplicidade de papéis e sentidos que coisas e seres não-humanos contém em festas de religiosidade popular na República Dominicana. Tomo como ponto de partida as controvérsias que se passaram durante um trabalho de campo sobre a Fiesta de San Miguel, em torno das velas e dos velones (velas grandes) que se diferenciam por cor e tamanho. O pano de fundo para essa breve reflexão é o enunciado que opõe catolicismo e vodu – do qual argumento que objetos/coisas, formas e cores circulam, mobilizam e articulam sentidos e valores que tornam mais complexa tal oposição. Também caracterizo a intensidade e a duração temporal desta fricção em outras épocas e registros. O objetivo é demonstrar de que maneira elementos sensíveis e estéticos alimentam uma contiguidade entre os polos dessa antinomia, que termina por fortalecer San Miguel, como santo e mistério, na compreensão dominicana.
Entre “lava-pés” e “lava-mãos”: valores, hierarquias e poder aristocrático nas baladas elitizadas
Authors: Da Conceição Daniel Machado , Vaz Alexandre Fernandez
Published: January 2020

Uma postagem repercutiu nas redes sociais, fato que aconteceu na cidade de Florianópolis/SC, durante a temporada de verão 2018. Um vídeo mostra a figura de um milionário, assíduo frequentador dos famosos beach clubs, o qual comprou algumas garrafas de champanhe e utilizou seu líquido para lavar os pés sujos com areia da praia. Ao propor um comentário sobre o vídeo, o texto pretende desvelar parte das relações que são produzidas no espaço das baladas e que representam um manto aristocrático que encobre interesses e privilégios de uma classe que se reconhece como “nobre”. No esforço para elaborar a interpretação proposta, as expressões “lava-pés” e “lava-mãos” serão articuladas para uma melhor apresentação dos argumentos. Podemos destacar que ambas ações presentes nas baladas – “lava-pés” e “lava-mãos” -  são promotoras dos valores aristocráticos tão presentes em nossa sociedade brasileira. Independente se o primeiro tem sentido de obrigação para a elite do dinheiro e o segundo de um servilismo voluntário na atitude dos serviçais.
Introdução ao dossiê: Agências materiais e espirituais no cotidiano: experiências e narrativas de coexistência
Authors: Ahlert Martina , Rickli João
Published: January 2020

Introdução ao dossiê: Agênciasmateriais e espirituais no cotidiano:experiências e narrativas decoexistência
Screening for Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors Among Student Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mkanzi Noluthando , Goon Daniel Ter , Okafor Uchenna Benedine , Owolabi Eyitayo Omolara
Published: January 2020

Non-communicable diseases are a growing public health phenomenon in both developed and developing countries. This study examines the prevalence and correlates of cardio-metabolic risk factors among student nurses at a nursing college in East London, South Africa. The WHO STEPwise standardized questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic data and behavioural characteristics (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and dietary intake) of 228 nursing students. Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose were measured. The prevalence of overweight, obesity pre-diabetes and diabetes was 33%, 44%, 6% and 7%, respectively. Pre-hypertension and hypertension occurred in 44% and 11%, respectively. Female gender and increasing age were independent predictors of obesity. In the logistic regression model analysis, participants who were above 35 years [AOR=9.12, CI 3.37-24.68, p<0.000], female [AOR=4.10, CI 1.94-8.64, p=0.000], and do not meet the WHO sport criteria of physical activity participation [AOR=2.11, CI=1.10-4.07, p=0.025] had the likely odds of obesity. Interventions targeting physical activity and healthy lifestyle behavioural programmes to promote the health and wellness of the nursing students would improve the metabolic health of the nurses in the setting.
Effect of Accelerated Ageing on the Ballistic Resistance of Hybrid Composite Armour with Advanced Ceramics and UHMWPE Fibers
Authors: Fejdyś Marzena , Kucharska-Jastrząbek Agnieszka , Kośla Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

The main objective of this complex study was to evaluate the durability of newly developed ballistic inserts designed using ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibres and advanced ceramics (Al2O3 or SiC). The forecasting of changes in the properties of the newly developed ballistic system is related to safe use and reliable construction, and requires ageing tests to be carried out in natural conditions. Due to the length of this process, a program of tests was developed for simulated use of the composite ballistic inserts under conditions of accelerated ageing, taking into account the 6-year lifespan of these products, which is in accordance with the PN-V-87000:2011 standard. As part of the research work, the new ballistic inserts were tested, and also ones subjected to laboratory ageing for 50, 100, 150 days, which corresponded to 2.2, 4.3 & 6.5 years of ageing in real conditions. The samples selected were verified in terms of ballistic and mechanical behaviour as well as changes in their chemical structure. Changes in the microstructure of the ballistic materials were evaluated using DSC analysis as well as infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR).