bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health Literacy and Adherence to Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal
Authors: Rodrigues Simone , Isabel Patrício Ana , Cristina Cátia , Fernandes Flávia , Marcelino Santos Gisela , Antunes Inês , Pintalhão Inês , Ribeiro Marília , Lopes Rita , Moreira Silvana , Oliveira Sofia A. , Costa Susana Pereira , Simões Susete , Nunes Tatiana Carvalho , Santiago Luiz Miguel , Rosendo Inês
Published: October 2024

This article has been amended to include factual corrections. An error was identified subsequent to its original
publication related to funder information. This error is corrected in the online article and its PDF.

Background

Therapy adherence is a key factor in the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Optimal self-care requires skills in health literacy (HL).

Objective

This study aims to analyze the relationship between HL and adherence to therapy and to understand the possible influence of other sociodemographic and disease variables.

Methods

A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted in Portuguese in 13 different primary health care units in both rural and urban environments. A sociodemographic questionnaire and two validated instruments, “Medical Term Recognition Test” and “Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities,” were applied. The last value of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and the number of chronic medications were collected from clinical records. Descriptive statistics and bivariate correlations were performed as well as multivariable linear regression to assess the association between HL and adherence to therapy.

Key Results

Participants (n = 354) were on average age 63.67 ± 10.39 years, 57.1% male and 42.9% female, 68.4% with inadequate HL and an average HbA1c of 7 ± 1.18%. Better HL was correlated with higher adherence to the total of self-care activities, nonpharmacological therapy, and foot care. In multivariable linear regression analyses, better HL (
β
= 0.176,
p
= .003), less than minimum wage (β = −0.197,
p
= .001) and insulin therapy (
β
= 0.272,
p
= .001) were independently associated with increased adherence to overall self-care activities.

Conclusion

In a representative sample of people with T2DM in Portugal, HL was a key factor for greater adherence to demanding self-care activities. [

HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2024;8(4):e194–e203.

]
On the extraction of complex behavior of generalized higher-order nonlinear Boussinesq dynamical wave equation and (1+1)-dimensional Van der Waals gas system
Authors: Baskonus Haci Mehmet , Raihen Md Nurul , Kayalar Mehmet
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we apply the powerful sine-Gordon expansion method (SGEM), along with a computational program, to construct some new traveling wave soliton solutions for two models, including the higher-order nonlinear Boussinesq dynamical wave equation, which is a well-known nonlinear evolution model in mathematical physics, and the (1+1)-dimensional framework of the Van der Waals gas system. This study presents some new complex traveling wave solutions, as well as logarithmic and complex function properties. The 3D and 2D graphical representations of all obtained solutions, unveiling new properties of the considered model are simulated. Additionally, several simulations, including contour surfaces of the results, are performed, and we discuss their physical implications. A comprehensive conclusion is provided at the end of this paper.
Cross-Modal Learning for Free-Text Video Search
Authors: Galanopoulos Damianos , Mezaris Vasileios
Published: October 2024

This article focuses on cross-modal video retrieval, a technology with wide-ranging applications across media networks, security organizations, and even individuals managing large personal video collections. The authors discuss the concept of cross-modal video learning and offer an overview of deep neural network architectures in the literature, focusing on methods combining visual and textual representations for cross-modal video retrieval. They also examine the impact of vision transformers, a learning paradigm significantly improving cross-modal learning performance. Also, they present a novel cross-modal network architecture for free-text video retrieval called T×V+Objects. This method extends an existing state-of-the-art network by incorporating object-based video encoding using transformers. It leverages multiple latent spaces and combines detected objects with textual features, creating a joint embedding space for improved text-video similarity.
A Contemporary Survey on the Effectiveness of Machine Learning for Detection and Classification of Cyber Attacks in IoT Systems
Authors: Suresh P. , Keerthika P. , R. Manjula Devi , Maheswaran S. , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar , Anusha N. , Gokhale Shreeya Sanjeev
Published: October 2024

The interconnection of less secure devices in a network is known as the internet of things (IoT). Data and systems may be better protected with the aid of cyber security in the IoT. Cyber security violations occur most frequently when an attacker uses many systems connected to multiple networks or systems to conduct an offence. These cyber dangers can do more than just steal or corrupt data; they can also temporarily or permanently disable network infrastructure. Because it is always changing, manually detecting cyber-attacks becomes expensive and tiresome. Therefore, they may be identified and categorized using machine learning methods. Internet of things devices may now maintain connections for long durations without any intervention from a person. This chapter extensively covers cyberattack detection and categorization in IoT systems using machine learning approaches.
European and African Evaluation of Security Risks
Authors: Yigit Sureyya
Published: October 2024

This chapter evaluates European and African security risks, aiming to contribute to the multidimensional understanding of security that is much needed in today's world. The term “security” has an intriguing etymology, deriving from the Latin word securitas, which conveys a state of being “without care”. In the modern context, it denotes the absence of risks or dangers and is closely intertwined with trust and proactive measures. Security encompasses diverse facets of life and is associated with geopolitical, criminal, social, anti-competitive, extrajudicial criminal, and cyber risks. In this chapter, an analysis of the Swiss police's methods for detecting and responding to radicalisation, extremism, and violence, with a specific focus on how these tactics are applied in the Vaud Canton and Neuchatel regions, are explored alongside the specific strategies employed in West Africa to assess the risk of youth radicalisation. Furthermore, the chapter carefully assesses the comprehensive approach used to address psychosocial risks and enhance the capabilities of young individuals.
Fractally Organized Humanitarian Units May Increase Their Effectiveness in Protracted Crises
Authors: Kaźmierczak Danuta , Kowalkowski Stanisław , Wrzosek Marek
Published: October 2024

Although every protracted crisis is unique, they often share several characteristics: long duration, conflict, weak governance or public administration structures, unsustainable livelihood systems, poor food security outcomes, and breakdown of local institutions. The Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations reports difficulties in cooperating with national and local authorities and the existence of double coordination structures. This chapter discusses the need for humanitarian units in national DRM structures, consisting of the representatives of all sectors providing security to citizens—police, social services, healthcare, border guards, fire service, armed forces, NGOs, local governors, and fellow citizens—would ensure higher effectiveness due to their fractal structures. Advantages include accurate decision-making, assigning tasks and assets to proper personnel, supporting multi-actor teams in action, communicating with international organizations and avoiding task duplication, and interoperability across teams and flexible response.
Projects Selection and Prioritization in the Portuguese Navy
Authors: Gomes Jorge Vareda , Romão Mário José Batista , Simplício Ricardo
Published: October 2024

In times of major technological changes with ever shorter production cycles, subject to strong global competition, it is vital for organizations to optimize resources and benefit from their investments to achieve the expected successes. One of the main difficulties that organizations face is the high number of projects in their portfolio. Selecting and prioritizing projects is essential to ensure the maximum return on investment and the sustainability of the organization. The analysis and selection of projects is carried out using different approaches, each with advantages and disadvantages that need to be considered. The selection and prioritization of projects depends largely on the nature and profile of managers, organizational culture, and techniques that best fit the organization's environment. This study intends to confront the pilot model of selection and prioritization developed by the Portuguese Navy and establish a bridge with the academic literature.
A Proposed Framework for Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) in Airports
Authors: Paraschi Elen Paraskevi
Published: October 2024

As environmental pressures increase globally, the need arises to understand and manage present and emerging environmental risks. The aim of this chapter is to introduce a new Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) approach to identify, assess, and report the level of environmental risks that can lead to significant interruptions, infrastructure damages, safety threats, and long-term effects on airport operations. ERA evaluates the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of environmental hazards, which involve physical, chemical, and biological factors that can imperil humans and infrastructure. The presented ERA framework is deployed in six phases, namely airport preparation, definition of the assessment scope and parameters, data collection and development of projection scenarios, risk assessment, mitigation and adaptation strategies, report, monitor, and review. In essence, the outlined ERA approach serves as a managerial tool to facilitate policy assessment and sustainable decision-making.
Assessing the Impact of Big Five Personality Traits on Job Performance: A Study in Association with Insurance Agents in Northern Province, Sri Lanka
Authors: Harikaran S. , Dassanayake D. M. C.
Published: October 2024

The flourishing life insurance industry in Sri Lanka underscores the pivotal role of insurance agents in advancing revenue streams and overall success. This study examines the nexus between the Big Five personality traits and the Job performance of insurance agents in the life insurance companies in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. The independent variables encompass the dimensions of openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability, while the dependent variable comprises job performance. A stratified random sampling approach was employed to distribute 300 structured questionnaires among insurance agents in life insurance companies. The collected data were analyzed by using different statistical techniques. The outcomes of the multiple regression analysis underscore a substantial impact of all Big Five personality dimensions excluding agreeableness on job performance. These findings offer valuable insights for insurance agents, aiding them in making informed career choices. Simultaneously, life insurance company managers can leverage this research to refine their selection criteria, ensuring the recruitment of individuals whose personalities align with the dimensions that significantly impact job performance in the industry and identify the training needs for the personality development of the insurance agent in the life insurance companies in Sri Lanka.
Changes in demographic components during the COVID-19 pandemic and economic recession in Sri Lanka
Authors: De Silva W. Indralal , De Silva Ranjith , Kumarasinghe Malith
Published: October 2024

The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent economic recession on the three demographic components, namely mortality, fertility and migration in Sri Lanka and possible implications. A secondary data analysis of mortality, fertility, migration, and marriage data from the Registrar General’s Department of Sri Lanka and the Ministry of Health was conducted. Although excess mortality (COVID-19 deaths) in 2022 was substantially lower, it was elevated in 2021. In comparison to non-COVID-19 years, the number of deaths has increased substantially during the post-COVID-19 era – 146 thousand deaths in 2019 increased to 194 thousand in 2023 (30.1%). This marked increase could be attributed to the economic recession and related serious constraints faced by the health system in Sri Lanka. Further, a marked decrease in marriages (14.2%) was observed in 2020 due to COVID-19 which recovered to pre-COVID-19 level in 2021. However, instead of experiencing the “babyboom” phenomenon (as observed in some previous pandemics) in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the observed data for Sri Lanka indicates a significant downward trend in fertility. Unexpectedly, 319 thousand births were reported in 2019 in Sri Lanka dropping to 257 thousand by 2023, which is a decline of over 62 thousand births (19%). This situation is further complicated by the highest reported outbound migration ever reported in Sri Lanka in 2022, displaying a 250% year-to-year increase. The changes in these demographic components would impact the macroeconomics.
Evaluation process use in the University Capacity Development Programme at Walter Sisulu University, South Africa
Authors: Mantshongo Mandla , Mapitsa Caitlin B.
Published: October 2024

Background: The higher education (HE) policy framework identifies funding inter alia as one of the steering mechanisms, for the transformation of HE in South Africa. However, the role of monitoring and evaluation (ME) in facilitating this transformation is still emerging. While the instrumental use of evaluation findings is common, research on how process use can also play a critical role in facilitating sector change is missing.Objectives: The study investigated the use of process evaluations in enhancing the performance of the University Capacity Development Grant in a previously disadvantaged institution in the Eastern Cape province.Method: Purposive sampling was used as a method to select the participants. The case study design, interpretive paradigm and qualitative methods approach were adopted, and data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews, focus groups and document review. The study sampled 17 participants, including the Department of Higher Education and Training officials, the University Capacity Development Programme (UCDP) management and two staff focus groups.Results: If process use is to be strengthened, the evaluation process must be highly adaptable to specific programmatic circumstances and organisational contexts.Conclusion: Evaluation process use, in its practical form, must go beyond issues of participation from an individual perspective and include organisational and stakeholder management for effective implementation.Contribution: The study’s results are pivotal as they would assist different organisations worldwide that are running similar projects as the UCDP but have not yet understood the benefits that would be obtained by key stakeholders involved in an evaluation process.
Meaning of work for South African women during the pandemic
Authors: Jacobs Ashley C. , Dhanpat Nelesh , Mamathuba Neo
Published: October 2024

Orientation: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted workplaces worldwide, prompting a re-evaluation of the meaning and significance of work, particularly among women who were uniquely impacted by the crisis.Research purpose: This study aimed to understand the meaning that South African women attributed to their work during the pandemic. Additionally, the research aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 3, 5 and 8), contributing to efforts to improve well-being, promote gender equality and ensure decent work.Motivation for the study: Understanding how the pandemic altered women’s perceptions and experiences of work can provide valuable insights for human resource professionals, helping to create more inclusive and supportive work environments.Research approach/design and method: A generic qualitative approach was employed, involving 10 semi-structured interviews with South African women who were formally employed both before and during the pandemic. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the data collected.Main findings: The study revealed that women had individual motivations for their chosen work, with the meaning of work varying among participants. Factors such as organisational and personal challenges, as well as the support received, significantly shaped these meanings.Practical/managerial implications: Organisations need to consider the unique challenges and support needs of women in the workplace, especially in the context of recovery from the pandemic.Contribution/value-add: The study enriches the body of literature on the meaning of work, particularly focussing on South African women during the COVID-19 pandemic, and informs organisational practices that can better support employees during crises and beyond.
Decoding Autoimmune Autonomic Disorders: A Less-Recognized Overlap
Authors: Mohapatra Prachi , Agarwal Ayush , Radhakrishnan Divya M , Srivastava Achal Kumar , Garg Divyani
Published: October 2024

Autoimmune autonomic disorders encompass a spectrum of disorders mediated by immune responses directed against the autonomic nervous system, including the peripheral and central autonomic pathways. While centrally mediated autoimmune autonomic disorders primarily can cause autonomic hyperactivity, peripherally mediated disorders are more common and can cause either locally confined or global autonomic failure. These disorders are often underrecognized owing to vague and varied clinical signs and symptoms. The discovery of specific autoantibodies in the past decade has caused a growing recognition of autoimmune causes for these disorders. The management is also complex, as these disorders often manifest with generalized symptoms, are difficult to diagnose, invoke challenges involving robust establishment of an autoimmune syndrome, and are rare. This article presents an overview of autonomic disorders that have a suspected autoimmune etiology, as well as recent advancements in their diagnosis and management.
Measurement of Technical Efficiency of the Health-care Sector in Assam: An Application of Nonparametric Method
Authors: Deka Arup , Mahanta Ratul
Published: October 2024

The study has used a nonparametric method to estimate the technical efficiency of health-care sector in the substate level of Assam. The study is based on secondary data for the year 2018–2019. The average constant return to scale technical efficiency score is 0.81, while the average efficiency scores in variable return to scale technical efficiency and scale efficiency (SE) are 0.88 and 0.92 respectively. Moreover, seven (26%) districts are technically efficient. The major cause of inefficiency is the poor management of health-care sector. Four (15%) districts Chirang, Dima Hasao, Baksa, and Udalguri have achieved least efficiency score, while five (19%) districts Kamrup (Rural), Sivasagar, Dibrugarh, Lakhimpur, and Goalpara have the highest potentiality to achieve efficiency level. The study is static in nature. However, it will help the health policymakers to improve management and size of operation of health sector in the state.
Gift of Vision – Doorstep-to-Doorstep Outreach Eye Care Model, Sankara Model of Accessible and Affordable Eye Care, and its Impact on the Elderly
Authors: Murali Kaushik , Balasubramanian Bharath , Ramani RV , Chandran Vidhya , Mani Malavika
Published: October 2024

Vision loss among the elderly is a major health-care problem. Vision impairment is associated with a decreased ability to perform activities of daily living and an increased risk for depression. Cataract is a common cause of vision impairment among the elderly, but surgery is often effective in restoring vision. We describe the Sankara model of Gift of Vision, the doorstep-to-doorstep model of community eye care that offers high quantity–high-quality eye care. Our model demonstrates how a cost-effective one-time intervention such as a cataract surgery not only restores vision but also their quality of life.
Hematological Parameters in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and its Presentation among Favorable and Unfavorable Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Kumar S. Ramesh , Kandhasamy Chandrasekaran , Velayutham V. Banurekha , Chinnaiyan Ponnuraja , Kannan Muthuramalingam , Jawahar M. S. , Padmapriyadarsini C.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) management continues to be a challenge globally; weakened immunity plays a significant role in the reactivation of TB. There is limited information on hematological parameters in patients with pulmonary TB and its association with outcome.

Objectives:

We present hematological parameters of newly diagnosed sputum-positive pulmonary TB patients enrolled in a randomized, clinical trial that assessed the efficacy and safety of 3 and 4 regimens using moxifloxacin.

Materials and Methods:

Blood hematological parameters at baseline, comparison of the baseline and end of treatment values, including the monocytes by lymphocytes ratio (M/L), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (N/L), and platelet lymphocyte ratio (P/L) between the patients with favorable and unfavorable TB treatment outcome, and among different age group and sex presented in this paper.

Results:

Among the total 1059 patients, 782 were males, the mean hemoglobin (HB) ± standard deviation (SD) was 11.5 g/dL ± 2.0, the mean white blood cell (WBC) count ± SD was 9800 ± 3009 and the mean platelet count (in lakhs) ± SD was 4.24 ± 1.42 cells/uL. There was an increase from baseline in the mean hemoglobin, eosinophil, and lymphocyte count and a decrease in mean neutrophil, monocyte counts to the end of treatment. There was a decrease in baseline mean total WBC count posttreatment, both in favorable (10,271 cells/uL ± 3007 SD to 6689 cells/uL ± 1837 SD, [P ≤ 0.001]), and unfavorable TB outcome patients.

Conclusion:

An increase in HB, and a decrease in WBC count, M/L, N/L, and P/L ratio is possible at the end of TB treatment and future studies to correlate blood hematology parameters with TB treatment outcome.
A Rare Case of Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia with Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay
Authors: Hamza Ashique , Krishnadas N. C. , Sureshbabu Sachin , Narayanan Poornima
Published: October 2024

Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) represents a rare subset of movement disorders characterized by involuntary movements triggered by sudden voluntary actions, without loss of consciousness. Typically manifesting in the first or second decade of life, PKD can present as either familial or sporadic, with the most common mutation identified in familial cases being in the proline-rich transmembrane protein 2 gene. This abstract presents a unique case of PKD accompanied by a progressive spastic ataxic syndrome in a 17-year-old male with a history of consanguinity. The patient exhibited a constellation of symptoms including delayed motor milestones, unsteady gait, slurred speech, and dystonic movements, alongside neurological findings consistent with cerebellar dysfunction and peripheral neuropathy. Genetic testing revealed pathogenic variants in the SACS gene, confirming the diagnosis of autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay. This case underscores the importance of thorough neurological evaluation, including consideration of atypical presentations, in patients with PKD. In addition, it sheds light on the association between SACS gene mutations and an autosomal recessive variant of PKD, emphasizing the need for awareness and recognition of such rare manifestations in clinical practice.
Полунепрерывность снизу возмущения квантовой относительной энтропии квантовыми операциями и ее следствия
Authors: Shirokov Maksim Evgenievich
Published: October 2024

Доказано, что уменьшение квантовой относительной энтропии при действии квантовой операции - это полунепрерывная снизу функция пары ее аргументов. Это свойство показывает, в частности, что локальные разрывы квантовой относительной энтропии
не увеличиваются при действии квантовых операций. Также оно показывает полунепрерывность снизу модуля совместной выпуклости квантовой относительной энтропии (как функции ансамбля квантовых состояний).
Рассмотрены различные следствия и приложения данных результатов.
Библиография: 42 названия.
Сильная асимптотика наилучших рациональных аппроксимаций экспоненты на конечном отрезке
Authors: Magnus Alphonse Philippe , Meinguet Jean
Published: October 2024

Новые результаты теории аппроксимации функций в комплексной области применяются к задаче о наилучшей рациональной аппроксимации степени $n$ экспоненциальной функции $\exp(-(n+\nu)x)$ на конечном отрезке $[0,c]$. Показано, что норма ошибки аппроксимации асимптотически ведет себя как произведение основного показателя скорости аппроксимации в степени $n$ на уточняющий показатель скорости аппроксимации в степени $\nu$. Основной показатель скорости аппроксимации вычисляется с помощью результатов, полученных A. A. Гончаром, Е. А. Рахмановым и Г. Шталем в 1980-х гг. Полное описание асимптотики для случая экспоненциальной функции $e^{-nx}$ при $c=\infty$ было дано А. И. Аптекаревым в самом начале XXI века. Для найденного в настоящей работе решения задачи получено представление в терминах эллиптических интегралов третьего рода.
Библиография: 92 наименования.
Utility of Adrenomedullin in Predicting Outcomes in Patients with Acute Febrile Illness in the Tropics: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Tirlangi Praveen Kumar , Ravindra Prithvishree , Bhat Rachana , Shenoy Belle Vijetha , Chaudhuri Souvik , Bhat Ashwitha , Acharya Poojashree , Gupta Nitin
Published: October 2024

Acute febrile illnesses (AFI) such as dengue, leptospirosis, and scrub typhus start with fever, but some patients can deteriorate rapidly. Identifying these patients at risk is necessary to ensure early referral. The study’s objective was to assess the utility of serum adrenomedullin (ADM) as a biomarker in predicting outcomes in adult AFI patients presenting to the emergency department (ED). In this prospective observational study, all consecutive patients admitted with AFI through the ED between June 2023 and February 2024 were assessed for eligibility. Clinical and laboratory findings were noted. The serum samples sent routinely for biochemical tests were used to calculate ADM levels at admission and 48 hours later (whenever possible). Clinically relevant outcome variables were collected for all patients. The utility of ADM in predicting 7-day mortality was evaluated for primary outcome analysis using a stepwise binary logistic regression. A total of 181 patients were recruited, with dengue (n = 91, 50%) being the most common diagnosis. The median sequential organ failure assessment score at admission was 5 (IQR: 3–10). The 7-day mortality was 26 (14%, 95% CI: 9.3–19.5). The median admission ADM levels and difference in ADM levels at 48 hours were significantly higher in those who died by day 7. Adrenomedullin levels at admission were found to be an independent predictor of 7-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio: 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001–1.004, P = 0.005). High ADM levels can be used for early referral in patients with tropical AFI. There is a need to explore the utility of antibodies targeting ADM in clinical studies.
Exploring social media trends over the past decade (2010-2022): A bibliometric approach
Authors: Phan Van Vu Dung , Bach Anh Ngoc Hoang
Published: October 2024

This article aims to provide a concise overview of the latest research concerning social media, with a particular focus on tendencies observed recent year. Furthermore, this study investigates and addresses aspects of social networking and e-commerce. Our study was conducted using bibliometric by using VOSviewer and content analytic methods on a dataset obtained from Scopus. The dataset consisted of 29,667 articles and covered the time span from 2010 to 2022. We explore and analyze biometrics in the scope of this study to identify significant groups and then offer a framework for future research. A brief description and practical standpoint of social media will be presented and accompanied by research recommendations. This research will provide a comprehensive examination of keywords associated with social media, as well as renowned universities that have a substantial volume of content. Furthermore, this study’s findings highlight different trends of research papers with potential keywords, and propose potential options for future research. Additionally, this study makes a practical contribution by assessing the broad range of concerns surrounding the topic of social media and assisting managers in recognizing many facets of social media.
Ratios financieros: instrumentos claves en la evaluación financiera del sector comercial farmacéutico y veterinario
Authors: Cordero Alberca Jhinela Alexandra
Published: October 2024

Las empresas comerciales que buscan ser rentables y sostenibles en un entorno altamente competitivo e innovador requieren herramientas eficaces para evaluarse financieramente y conocer su desempeño a nivel industrial. Por ello, se desarrolló este estudio con el propósito de determinar la importancia de aplicar los ratios financieros como instrumentos clave para evaluar el desempeño de las entidades del sector comercial mayorista farmacéutico y veterinario. Se empleó una metodología con enfoque cualitativo, y de tipo no experimental transversal, con un alcance descriptivo, que combina la revisión bibliográfica con la investigación de campo por medio de aplicación de entrevistas, lo que permitió conocer la realidad del entorno organizacional estudiado frente a las teorías revisadas. Como resultados principales, se rescató que, en su mayoría, dichas entidades utilizan indicadores financieros relacionados con su actividad económica, de forma que, al familiarizarse con la condición financiera de la entidad, se toma mejores decisiones, se identifica fortalezas y debilidades, y se compara con la competencia a fin de mejorar. En conclusión, el sector farmacéutico y veterinario, utiliza los indicadores de rentabilidad, actividad, deuda y liquidez, que generalmente, se combinan con un análisis financiero para una correcta evaluación de desempeño empresarial.
Clustering of agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan: prerequisites, distinguishing features, correlation matrix
Authors:   Kazakh National Agricultural Research University, Akhmetov K. A. , Seidaliyeva G. O. ,   Kazakh National Agricultural Research University, Mutalipkyzy B. ,   S.Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University
Published: October 2024

The role of cluster formations in increasing the competitiveness of products and accelerating the innovative development of the agrarian economy of Kazakhstan is revealed. Theoretical and practical principles, prerequisites and methodological approaches to the creation of agro-industrial clusters are defined, their distinctive features are revealed. Purpose - economic interests of clustering in agro-industrial complex in the context of regions of the republic are considered. The selection of objects in 17 regions with the highest economic indicators of financial and economic activity was carried out. Methods – k-means - for preliminary reduction of data dimensionality by means of factor analysis; rapid cluster analysis - in order to combine economic entities into cluster components on the basis of similar characteristics. Results - primary data were collected, correlation matrix was constructed and the presence of generalized factors was assessed to reduce the dimensionality of the studied attributes. Multivariate statistical study of agricultural products production by regions for 2023 was carried out. The variant with 5 clusters, the order and map of location of 17 administrative-territorial units of regional significance were adopted, the dendrogram of intergroup linking of regions was developed. Conclusions - cluster analysis allows to distribute the totality of objects (regions) of the Republic of Kazakhstan into five cluster formations, connecting in them the enterprises having similar structure and production specialization. The identified groups can be used for rating assessment of agro-industrial cluster that promotes effective integration of resources and knowledge. It has been established that the application of the cluster approach contributes to increasing productivity and sustainability of the agricultural sector, ensuring long-term development and competitive advantages.
Optimization of human capital in the agrarian sphere: goals, principles and methods
Authors:   S.Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical Research University, Baidakov A. K. , Bespaeva R. S. ,   S.Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical ResearchUniversity, Dossumova Zh. ,   Kazakh Research Institute of Economy of Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Development
Published: October 2024

Sufficient provision of agricultural enterprises with labor resources, their territorial and structural balance, rational use, high level of labor productivity are the key directions of effective functioning of agro-industrial complex, growth of production volumes and increase of its efficiency. Purpose - to analyze the criteria of human capital optimization in the agrarian sphere, to identify existing problems and to determine promising directions. Methods - the study used quantitative and qualitative analysis methods, including the collection and processing of statistical data, questionnaire survey of employees of the agrarian sector, as well as interviews with farm managers. Using the correlation and regression method, the influence of the studied factors on the optimization of labor activity was substantiated. Results - the article identifies the main issues of agricultural staffing, which consist in the decline in the professional qualification level of specialists, low staffing levels, outflow of able-bodied population from rural areas, loss of prestige of agricultural professions. Conclusions - this study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to the management of labor potential in agro-industrial production of the republic. The introduction of advanced training programs, improvement of working conditions and social infrastructure is the basis for sustainable development of the industry. It is also recommended to strengthen state support and stimulate the attraction of capital of domestic and foreign private investors and investment funds in rural regions to ensure stable activity of agricultural enterprises. It shows further prospects for increasing human resources to ensure the competitiveness of domestic agricultural producers and as the main driving element in the establishment of innovation economy and the expansion of globalization processes.
Legal support of cadastral value of agricultural land: problems and solutions
Authors:   S.Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University, Zhumataeva M. S.
Published: October 2024

Land is a unique and irreplaceable natural resource. Therefore, it is always in the center of interests of the state. Purpose - methods of normative-legal regulation of pricing in the land legislation of Kazakhstan are investigated, factors determining the mechanism and cost of the right to use agricultural land are systematized, new approaches to their assessment are shown. Methods - monographic was used in the study of the current state of the land fund, detection of shortcomings, ranking of world experience in establishing the cadastral value of land, statistical-economic and analytical - to obtain the necessary information, abstract-logical, on the basis of which proposals and recommendations were developed. Results - the measures to control the estimated value of agricultural land have been substantiated. Potential threats leading to the loss of land use rights were identified. Conclusions - prices for land plots in the republic started to be formed since 2003, after the transition to private ownership. A number of legislative documents were adopted to involve them in the market turnover. The Land Code is assigned to immovable property and is under state registration. Initially, the payment for agricultural land was formed on the primary market, the state regulated the rates. For 21 years, the prime rates for land have not changed. During cadastral valuation it is necessary to recalculate the prime rate and take into account socio-economic, riscoecological, climatic conditions. This, in turn, requires improvement of agricultural land rates, assessment indices. Since the Republic of Kazakhstan has switched to a digital format of keeping the land cadastre, it is necessary to compile a map of prices of land plots cost in the context of regions and conduct their continuous monitoring.
Loan-eligibility prediction for Airtime Credit Service Subscribers using Machine Learning: The case Ethio Telecom
Authors: Degefa Megersa Jambo , Kassa Lemlem
Published: October 2024

Ethio telecom is largest telecommunication companies in Ethiopia. Ethio telecom begun airtime credit service in 2010 to its above 70 million mobile subscribers. The service aims to maintain customer relationships, minimize churn, and generate additional income. However, collecting service money from subscribers is a challenge, resulting in losses of around 2.7 million birrs. To address this, a machine learning-based technology solution was developed to predict eligible customers based on historical data usage. The model uses an Ethio telecom dataset with 114871 rows and 18 columns. Five machine learning classification algorithms were selected for the proposed solution based on the research behavior and literature review: Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Gradient Boosting machines, Naïve Bayes, and Support vector machines. These algorithms are implemented on the prepared dataset and evaluated using model evaluation metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score are applied. In addition, the confusion matrix table and receiver operating characteristics-area under curve are used to evaluate performance. The accuracy of Random Forest was 90.40%, Logistic Regression was 75%, Gradient boosting classifier was 90.42%, Naïve Bayes was 89.8%, and the Support vector machines was 73.1%. We performed comparative analysis between the models to select the robust model. So that, the Gradient Boosting classifier model provide an outstanding result in predicting eligibility for the airtime credit service.
Creating financial mechanisms for enacting the monotowns revitalization strategy
Authors: Zhumagul T. T. , Shurenov N. B. , Tovma N. A. , Nurpeissova A. A.
Published: October 2024

The article provides an analysis of a study focused on crafting financial mechanisms to enact the monotown revitalization strategy. Monotowns marginalized within the economic development landscape encounter multifaceted challenges, including demographic decline, elevated unemployment rates, and degradation of social infrastructure. Consequently, the formulation of efficient financial mechanisms emerges as imperative for their resurgence. The objective of this study is to formulate efficient financial mechanisms to facilitate the implementation of monotown revitalization strategies. This entails a comprehensive examination of the existing conditions within monotowns, encompassing the identification of pertinent challenges and potential avenues for development. Additionally, the study aims to devise financial strategies and instruments geared towards fostering both economic advancement and social progress within these locales. Scientifically, the significance of this research resides in the conception of novel financing paradigms tailored specifically for monotowns, thereby fostering their sustainable development. Practically, the research holds relevance in its potential application, as the developed mechanisms stand poised for utilization by governmental and municipal entities in the execution of monotown revival initiatives. Consequently, this investigation contributes substantively to the realm of regional development management and financial planning. Its findings are poised to offer utility to governmental bodies, corporate entities vested in the enhancement of regional infrastructural frameworks and the rejuvenation of monotowns.
Organization and financing of the health care system in Kazakhstan
Authors: Omirbayeva B. S. , Ashirbekova N. S. , Sutbayeva R. O. , Kazykeshova A. T.
Published: October 2024

Despite the challenges posed by the consequences of the global pandemic, achieving the country's national development goals remains a strategic direction of public health policy. The article aims to study the dynamics of healthcare financing in Kazakhstan, provide forecasts of upcoming development, and compare it with healthcare systems of developed countries. Based on the analysis of the current state and potential problems, recommendations were developed to improve the healthcare financing system in Kazakhstan. This article also analyzes the main parameters of health financing in the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2012–2022 and, in comparison with developed countries, provides the main reasons for maintaining low parameters of public health financing, which becomes a real obstacle to the implementation of measures aimed at achieving universal health coverage. During the research, a wide range of methodological approaches was applied, including system analysis (the study of an object as an integral system, interrelated elements), comparative analysis (comparison of the studied object with others in a number of characteristics), functional analysis (identification of the functions of the elements of the object and their interrelations), economic and statistical analysis and synthesis (collection, processing, interpretation of economic and statistical data), mathematical methods (modeling of studied processes and phenomena using mathematical models), dialectical methods (the study of an object in its development, change and contradictions), analysis of the burden of the disease (assessment of the economic and social consequences of the disease).
Geoinformation modeling of sand injectites
Authors: Nikashin Konstantin I. , Zorina Svetlana O.
Published: October 2024

The results of application of geoinformation modeling technology to create a three-dimensional model of Paleogene sand injectites are presented. The mineralogenic significance of sand injectites as sources of glass and construction raw materials is described. The modeling process using the obtained data set and three-dimensional modeling environment Blender is revealed step by step. The compiled spatial models can be used in blocking and calculation of reserves and resources at the objects of subsoil use.
A Clinical and Radiographical Study on Augmentation of Fracture Healing in Long Bones of Dogs Using Synthetic Nanohydroxyapatite
Authors:   PG Scholar, Dept of Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science, SVVU, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India – 517 502, Sharlet E Sony , Bharathi S ,   Professor, VSR, Dept of Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science, SVVU, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India – 517 502, kumar R V Suresh ,   Professsor and Univ. Head, Dept of Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science, SVVU, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India – 517 502, Santhilakshmi M ,   Professor, Dept of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Science, SVVU, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India – 517 502
Published: October 2024

Long bone fractures in six dogs were stabilized with intramedullary pinning and synthetic nanohydroxyapatite (Nha) graft material was deposited at the fracture site intra-operatively. The fractures were classified according to AO ASIF method of classification and the outcome of open reduction and internal fixation was evaluated based on clinical and radiological studies, on 7th, 15th, 30th and 45th post- operative days. Post-operative weight bearing and angulation and lameness grading, radiographic evaluation for alignment and implant stability were also evaluated. The stabilization technique proved to be satisfactory in all the cases. The radiographic score indicated better long bone fracture healing with Nha alone as a graft.
The Effect of Political Connections, Independent Commissioners and Capital Intensity on Tax Aggressiveness with Transfer Pricing as a Moderating Variable (Empirical Study of Mining Companies Listed on the IDX for the 2018-2022 Period)
Authors:   Univerisity of Merdeka Malang, Indonesia, . Wijiatin , Chandrarin Grahita ,   Univerisity of Merdeka Malang, Indonesia, Zuhroh Diana ,   Univerisity of Merdeka Malang, Indonesia
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of political connections, independent commissioners, and capital intensity on tax aggressiveness with transfer pricing as a moderating variable. The population in this study is all mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2018-2022 period. The purposive sampling method is a sample selection technique used in this study with various specific criteria. The data analysis technique used is the classical assumption test consisting of the normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test and autocorrelation test. Meanwhile, hypothesis testing is carried out using multiple linear regression analysis, f test, coefficient of determination (R2) test and t test. The results of the data analysis show that political connections have a significant effect on tax aggressiveness with a significant value of 0.029 (p <0.05). Likewise, independent commissioners also have a significant effect on tax aggressiveness with a significant value of 0.034 (p <0.05). On the other hand, capital intensity does not have a significant effect on tax aggressiveness with a significant value of 0.333 (p > 0.05). Furthermore, political connections have a significant effect on tax aggressiveness with transfer pricing as a moderating variable, with a significant value of 0.027 (p < 0.05). Independent commissioners also show a significant effect on tax aggressiveness with transfer pricing as a moderating variable, with a significant value of 0.004 (p < 0.05). However, capital intensity does not have a significant impact on tax aggressiveness when moderated by transfer pricing, with a significant value of 0.480 (p > 0.05).