bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences between Korean Null Arguments and Korean Overt Pronouns
Authors: Kang Namkil
Published: December 2021

The ultimate goal is this paper is to provide five pieces of evidence that Korean null pronouns are not semantically and syntactically equivalent to Korean overt pronouns. First, when Korean overt pronouns and Korean null pronouns have the only NP as their antecedent, the truth condition becomes different. Second, when Korean overt pronouns and Korean null pronouns take the even NP as their antecedent, the truth condition becomes different. Third, the Korean overt pronoun ku ‘he’ is associated with its antecedent by coreference, whereas Korean null pronouns are associated with their antecedent by binding. Fourth, Korean overt pronouns yield a strict reading, whereas Korean null arguments induces the strict/sloppy ambiguity. This in turn suggests that Korean null pronouns yield looser interpretations than Korean overt pronouns. Additionally, it is worth noting that Korean overt pronouns induce a definite reading, whereas Korean null pronouns yield indefinite and definite readings. Fifth, Korean overt pronouns and Korean null pronouns are not alike in that the former is sensitive to phi-features (gender, number, and person), whereas the latter is not. This paper argues that Korean null pronouns   are not syntactically the equivalent of Korean overt pronouns.
Diskursive Syntax als Teil der Angewandten Linguistik
Authors: Kostrova Olga
Published: December 2021

In contemporary academia, there are no mono-semantic definitions of either applied linguistics or discursive syntax. I analyse how applied linguistics is understood in Russia, Poland and Germany, and present syntax as a part of applied intercultural linguistics. The analysed data are reflective texts by Russian and German participants of the intercultural project “Rilke and Russia” that took place in 2019, in Samara. I consider these texts for reflective discourse appearing as a result of speech acts realised as self-talk. In my analyses, I use methods that are specific for speech acts research on the one hand, and that are typical of syntax on the other. So, I identify the role subjects, their intentionality and the persons addressed. Then, I compare the syntactic means used by Russian and German role subjects and show that these means are influenced by national culture and mentality.
“Prosthetic” Memory, “Aftersights” of Memory, Memory “Easy to Consume”? A Few Words About Visual Remembrance of the Holocaust
Authors: Kowalska Urszula
Published: December 2021

Discussion about the borders restricting (unavoidable today) aestheticization of memory about the Holocaust experience is still valid – in the article are recalled some different strategies of remembering the Holocaust in the art using photography. Two of the artistic projects (Powidoki by Zbigniew Libera and Pocztówki z Auschwitz by Paweł Szypulski) are using authentic photographs to initialize the discussion about trivialization of image, removing it from its original context and, at the same time, “blunting” the sensitivity of the recipient. The other two works (Auschwitz, co ja tu robię by Mikołaj Grynberg and Miejsca nieparzyste by Elżbieta Janicka) are suspended between conversation and silence (two classic poles of memory about the Holocaust). All of these works are disputing with “fixed” models and imaginary experiences, deconstructing pathos, they are talking about the blurring memories and manipulating with memory, about competition of different historic narrations and attempts at overtaking the past, passing the traumatic experiences of the war and the Holocaust to the next generations.
„Ghetto beze zdi” – od wykluczenia do Terezína
Authors: Brodniewicz Joanna
Published: December 2021

Lektury. Recepcja literackich i artystycznych dzieł o Szoa
The Second World War in Polish Cinema. Recent Filmic Approaches and the Reception in Poland and Germany
Authors: Hiemer Elisa-Maria
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the representations of history in contemporary Polish cinema. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the Warsaw Uprising, Jan Komasa released two fundamentally different films within one year. By an analysis focusing the context, the artistic product and the reception, the author intends to decode the different messages and reception offers. The intended reception is then contrasted to the real reception referring to the reactions in Polish and (in the case of Miasto 44) in German media.
The incentivisation of English medium instruction in Chinese universities: policy misfires and misalignments
Authors: Xu Xin , Rose Heath , McKinley Jim , Zhou Sihan
Published: December 2021

The growth of English medium instruction (EMI) in higher education in China over the past two decades has been promoted via implicit and explicit policies that aim to incentivise activities associated with the creation of English-taught courses and programs. This study investigates the components of such incentivisation schemes. It also explores how incentivisation policies are being implemented by policy arbiters, EMI programme directors, and EMI teachers. Data were collected from two sources: 93 institutional policy documents on EMI provision collected from 63 Chinese universities, and 26 interviews with senior university staff at a selection of eight Chinese universities. Results revealed that incentivisation policies focused on increased workload weighting for EMI courses, greater access to career development opportunities for teachers, increased monetary rewards, and dedicated financial support for creating and delivering courses. A comparison of policy and practice revealed areas of policy misfires and misalignments. EMI teachers considered the workload incentives insufficient and were not primarily motivated by financial rewards, but rather chose to teach in English for professional, academic, and personal intrinsic rewards; many viewed EMI at the core of their teacher-researcher academic identities. The paper concludes with recommendations to better align incentivisation policies with the driving forces attached to EMI in China.
Corrosive-wear behavior of LSP/MAO treated magnesium alloys in physiological environment with three pH values
Authors: Shen Yongshui , Sun Tongjin , Zhu Tao , Xiong Ying
Published: December 2021

A laser shock peening (LSP) layer, a micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating, and an LSP/MAO composite coating were fabricated on the surface of AZ80 magnesium alloy by laser shock and micro-arc oxidation process. The ball-disc grinding method was used to perform wear test on the three treated specimens in simulated body fluids (SBF) with pH values of 4, 7.4 and 9. The morphology and element content of worn surface were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results indicated that the wear rates of the three treated specimens in three pH environment in numerical order were pH 4 > pH 7.4 > pH 9, respectively. The wear rates of the three treated specimens in the same pH environment were arranged in the order of MAO > LSP > LSP/MAO, respectively. The main wear mechanisms of the LSP specimen in pH 4 environment were fatigue wear and corrosion wear, while it were corrosion wear and adhesive wear in pH 7.4 and pH 9 environments. Abrasive wear, fatigue wear and corrosion wear were the main wear mechanisms of the MAO specimen in pH 4 environment, while abrasive wear, adhesive wear and corrosion wear were the main wear mechanisms of that in pH 7.4 and pH 9 environments. The corrosion wear resistance of the LSP/MAO specimen in SBF solution with three pH values was improved due to the synergism of LSP fine crystal layer and MAO coating.
Energy visibility of a modeled photovoltaic/diesel generator set connected to the grid
Authors: Abbas Majid K. , Hassan Qusay , Jaszczur Marek , Al-Sagar Zuhair S. , Hussain Ali N. , Hasan Ali , Mohamad Abdulmajeed
Published: December 2021

The paper presents a technical and economic analysis for two energy systems (conventional and renewable) with grid connection. The investigation was carried out using an experimental measurement for the desired load and weather data (solar irradiance and ambient temperature), were 5.1 kWh the daily energy consumption as measured and 4.6 kWh/m2/day the annual average of the solar irradiance. The simulation process was done by using MATLAB and HOMER software at a 1 min time step resolution. The economic optimization objective presented for two energy system scenarios (i) photovoltaic/grid and (ii) diesel/grid, takes into account the economic aspects and component prices based on the Iraqi market and regulations. The diesel generator, very popular in rural areas, is designed to work during the same period as the photovoltaic system (only during day hours). The yearly operating hours were recorded at 4380 h/year, and energy generation was approx. 2349 kWh/year while fuel consumption was 1826 L/year. The results showed that the photovoltaic system in scenario (i) can generate about 7895 kWh, and for the diesel generator in scenario (ii), it can generate approximately 2346 kWh. Furthermore, for scenario (i) the levelized net present cost is $1079 and the cost of energy is about $0.035/kWh, while for scenario (ii) the levelized net present cost is $12,287 and the cost of energy is $0.598/kWh. The use of solar energy is highly recommended compared to diesel generators due to the lowest cost and delivery of energy to the grid. Furthermore, it can capture carbon dioxide by about 5295 kg/year.
Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of clinically significant placenta accreta spectrum disorders
Authors: Cavalli Cecilia , Maggi Claudia , Gambarini Sebastiana , Fichera Anna , Santoro Amerigo , Grazioli Luigi , Prefumo Federico , Odicino Franco E. , Fratelli Nicola
Published: December 2021

Objectives

We aimed to assess the performance of ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signs for antenatal detection of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders in women with placenta previa (placental edge ≤2 cm from the internal uterine orifice, ≥260/7 weeks’ gestation) with and without a history of previous Caesarean section.

Methods

Single center prospective observational study. US suspicion of PAS was raised in the presence of obliteration of the hypoechoic space between uterus and placenta, interruption of the hyperechoic uterine-bladder interface and/or turbulent placental lacunae on color Doppler. All MRI studies were blindly evaluated by a single operator. PAS was defined as clinically significant when histopathological diagnosis was associated with at least one of: intrauterine balloon placement, compressive uterine sutures, peripartum hysterectomy, uterine or hypogastric artery ligature, uterine artery embolization.

Results

A total of 39 women were included: 7/39 had clinically significant PAS. There were 6/18 cases of PAS with anterior placenta: hypoechoic space interruption and placental lacunae were the most sensitive sonographic signs (83%), while abnormal hyperechoic interface was the most specific (83%). On MRI, focal myometrial interruption and T2 intraplacental dark bands showed the best sensitivity (83%), bladder tenting had the best specificity (100%). 1/21 women with posterior placenta had PAS. There was substantial agreement between US and MRI in patients with anterior placenta (κ=0.78).

Conclusions

US and MRI agreement in antenatal diagnosis of clinically significant PAS was maximal in high-risk women. Placental lacunae on ultrasound scan and T2 intraplacental hypointense bands on MRI should trigger the suspicion of PAS.
Bats in wetlands: composition and structure of assemblage in Reserva Natural Don Luis, Esteros del Iberá, Argentina
Authors: Argoitia Antonella , Collett Miranda
Published: December 2021

We report diversity data and ecological aspects (richness, abundance and guilds) of bat assemblages in the Esteros del Iberá. We sampled four sites at Reserva Natural Don Luis, with an effort of 75 nights, 256 nets and 12 harp traps over six years. We made a species accumulation curve, Whittaker diagram, and calculated inventory completeness. A complete inventory for the area included 471 individuals belonging to 14 species of Phyllostomidae, Vespertilionidae, and Molossidae families. Insectivorous guilds present the greatest richness and abundance. Esteros del Iberá shelters a diversity of guilds, one threatened species, and a new bat record for the region.
Methylene tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) is overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and correlated with patient’s poor prognosis
Authors: Sun Biqiang , He Zhijun , Liu Gan , Fu Xiao , Chen Zhiyong , Li Guoli
Published: December 2021

Objective

To investigate methylene tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) expression, biological function, and correlation with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patient’s prognosis.

Methods

The relative expression levels of MTHFD2 gene mRNA in tumor tissues of HNSCC and adjacent normal tissues were analyzed in the Cancer Genome Atlas and oncomine database. MTHFD2 protein relative expression in tumor tissue of HNSCC patients was analyzed in human proteome database. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of MTHFD2 and correlated genes were constructed in STRING database. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway of MTHFD2 and relevant proteins involved in the PPI network was enriched. The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource database was used to analyze the relationship between MTHFD2 expression and immune infiltration. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for MTHFD2 high and low expression groups were investigated in the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database.

Results

In HNSCC, MTHFD2 mRNA relative expression level in tumor tissue was significantly higher than the corresponding normal tissue with statistical difference (p < 0.05). In the PPI network, 21 protein coding genes were involved in the network with 124 edges, which indicated that the enrichment was significant (p < 0.05). MTHFD2 and PPI network involved genes were mainly enriched in tetrahydrofolate metabolic process, one-carbon metabolic process biological process. In KEGG pathway, MTHFD2 and PPI network involved genes were mainly enriched in one-carbon pool by folate, metabolic pathways, glyoxylate, and dicarboxylate metabolism, and carbon metabolism. The relative expression level of MTHFD2 gene was correlated with immune infiltration of macrophage (r = 0.712, p < 0.05), neutrophil (r = 0.158, p < 0.05), dendritic cell (r = 0.1825, p < 0.05), and CD4+ T lymph cell (r = 0.1825, p < 0.05). HNSCC patients with high expression MTHFD2 had low OS compared to low expression cases (hazard ratio = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16–2.02, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

MTHFD2 is overexpressed in HNSCC and correlated with patient’s prognosis. MTHFD2 maybe a potential target for HNSCC target treatment and provides a possible direction for the research and development of related targeted drugs.
Probleme der Systemtheorie in der soziologischen Diskussion
Authors: Luhmann Niklas
Published: December 2021

Der Beitrag skizziert die Entwicklung und den Stand der Systemtheorie bis Anfang der 1980er Jahre unter der Prämisse, dass mit diesem Ansatz „humanistische“ und „technologische“ Theorietraditionen, die sich auf Kontrastierung festgelegt haben, obwohl sie identische Kernprobleme behandeln, mithilfe entsprechender Uminterpretationen zusammengeschlossen und zu neuen Lösungsmöglichkeiten geführt werden können. Dies gilt unter anderem für die Konzepte Sinn, Komplexität und Selbstreferenz. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird dann gefragt, wie die Systemtheorie als Theorie sozialer Systeme Verwendung finden kann. Ausgehend vom Konzept der doppelten Kontingenz als komplexitätsreduzierendem und systembildendem Mechanismus zeigt sich dabei, dass als Element sozialer Systeme nicht mehr Handlung, sondern Kommunikation angenommen werden muss. Auf diese Weise können Anschlüsse zwischen einer allgemeinen Theorie selbstreferentieller Systeme, einer Erkenntnistheorie, einer Gesellschaftstheorie und einer Wissenschaftstheorie hergestellt werden.
Warum „Systemtheorie“?
Authors: Luhmann Niklas
Published: December 2021

Die Systemtheorie gehört zu den Eigenwerten moderner Intellektualität, die die Bedingungen des Sich-selbst-Erzeugens und damit die Kontingenz ihrer Beobachtungen selbst noch reflektiert. Die frühe Systemtheorie mit ihrem Konzept umweltoffener Systeme hinterließ zunächst die unbeantwortete Frage, wie Systeme sich gegenüber ihrer Umwelt erhalten können. Diese Theorielücke wurde erst durch Kombination der Konzepte von Autopoiesis, operationaler Schließung und struktureller Kopplung selbstreferentieller Systeme geschlossen. Damit entdeckt die Systemtheorie zugleich ihre epistemologischen Konsequenzen, die sie ganz in die Nähe der Husserl’schen Phänomenologie des Bewusstseins führt und die es ihr ermöglicht, sich als autologischer Beobachter (in) der Gesellschaft zu begreifen. Für alle Weltbeschreibung kann dann keine privilegierte Position mehr behauptet werden, die Realität selbst erschließt sich nur noch auf der Ebene der Beobachtung von Beobachtern.
Geschlossenheit und Offenheit: Über Realität in der Welt des Rechts
Authors: Luhmann Niklas
Published: December 2021

Wendet man eine allgemeine Theorie auf einen bestimmten Sachbereich an, ergeben sich einige Schwierigkeiten. Für die abstrakte Theorie autopoietischer Systeme gilt dies in besonderem Maße. Schon ihre Ausgangsannahmen in Form der These der operationalen Geschlossenheit eines Systems und kognitiver Offenheit gegenüber seiner Umwelt bei gleichzeitig vorausgesetztem Realitätskontinuum findet häufig Widerspruch und die damit verbundenen erkenntnistheoretischen Implikationen eines sich selbstbeobachtenden Systems stoßen auf Unverständnis. Die Sachlage wird mit der Anwendung auf die Realität der Welt des Rechts nicht einfacher, da jetzt zwei Systemreferenzen zugleich in Betracht gezogen werden müssen, da sowohl das Rechts- wie das Gesellschaftssystem Kommunikation als elementare Operation nutzen. Hier muss dann unterschieden werden zwischen der Simultanpräsenz von Ereignissen einerseits und der systemspezifischen Informationsverarbeitung andererseits. Damit können der Begriff der Autonomie des Systems und damit auch das Verständnis der Autonomie des Rechts neu bestimmt werden.
Gesellschaft, Gott und Offenbarung
Authors: Luhmann Niklas
Published: December 2021

Ausgehend von einem strikt auf Kommunikation bezogenen Verständnis von Gesellschaft, das eine Kommunikation mit Außergesellschaftlichem ausschließt, fragt der Text nach den Folgen für das Gottesverständnis, insbesondere der theologischen Annahme der Möglichkeit einer Kommunikation mit Gott. Es lassen sich in der Geschichte unterschiedliche Lösungsversuche unterscheiden. Sowohl Naturreligionen wie der Deismus des 18. Jahrhunderts haben einen nichtkommunizierenden Gott postuliert, der sich in der Natur bzw. der gesellschaftlichen Ordnung offenbart. Die Offenbarungstheologie überzeugt aufgrund der zunehmenden Komplexität der Gesellschaft im 18. Jahrhundert, in dem sich das Phänomen der Inkommunikabilität aber nicht nur auf die Religion beschränkt, nicht mehr. Mit der Ausdifferenzierung funktional differenzierter, binär codierter Kommunikationszusammenhänge geht der Ausschluss dritter Werte einher. Gott kann dann als Wiedereinführung des Ausgeschlossenen verstanden werden, er kommt auf beiden Seiten der Unterscheidung – gut/böse, arm/reich usw. – vor. Das ermöglicht aber keine adäquate Beschreibung der dann möglichen Kommunikation, wie auch unklar bleibt, für was ein solcher Gott in der Gesellschaft noch zuständig ist. Die Idee des schweigenden Gottes hat das 19. Jahrhundert nicht überlebt; zeitgleich mit der Idee der Evolution, die von Differenz statt von Einheit ausgeht, übernimmt nun in der Theologie das Konzept der auch durch Gott nicht überblickbaren Schöpfung die Themenführerschaft. Dadurch wird die Figur des schweigenden Gottes ersetzt, nicht aber das Konzept der Offenbarung, obwohl die funktionale Ausdifferenzierung des Gesellschaftssystems den Offenbarungsgedanken zunehmend marginalisiert.
Effects of MgSO4 on Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate
Authors: Jativa Francisco W. , Hosseini Payam , Gabr Mohammed , Pour-Ghaz M.
Published: December 2021

Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is a salt that has the potential to damage portland cement-based materials. This paper argues that the mechanism of damage is dependent on the concentration of MgSO4 and reports the results of the change in the micromechanical properties of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) when exposed to different MgSO4 concentrations . Different concentrations were selected starting from the concentration found in seawater and increasing up to 20 g/l, which is the concentration considered for accelerated tests. The micromechanical properties of C-S-H were probed using nanoindentation; X-ray diffraction measurements were also performed on C-S-H specimens. A Mori-Tanaka homogenization scheme was employed to upscale these results, yielding two homogenization levels. At low MgSO4 concentrations (2.2 and 4 g/l) the formation of brucite and gypsum crystals in the pore solution contributes to the overall magnitude of the elastic modulus of the specimen, while at higher concentrations of MgSO4 (10 and 20 g/l), decalcification of C-S-H is observed, which results in the degradation of C-S-H micromechanical properties.
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion and Thermally Induced Internal Cracking of Asphalt Mixes
Authors: Kim Sang Soo , Akentuna Moses , Nazzal Munir
Published: December 2021

The coefficient of thermal expansion/contraction (CTE) is an important factor influencing the low-temperature thermal cracking of asphalt pavements. The current CTE model used for thermal cracking evaluation does not provide temperature-varying CTE values and hence, may result in inaccurate CTE values for thermal cracking prediction. Furthermore, it fails to account for transition temperature, an important parameter for low-temperature performance evaluation. Because of the significance of CTE in thermal cracking evaluation, there is the need for a comprehensive study that evaluates a robust CTE model for thermal cracking evaluation in asphalt pavements. Furthermore, the model should be able to provide temperature-varying CTE values and the transition temperature. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the parameters influencing asphalt mixture CTE, evaluate the effect of mixture CTE on low-temperature performance, and investigate the transition behavior of the mixture CTE at low temperatures. Two limestone aggregates and four asphalt binder types with different CTE values were used to prepare eight asphalt mixture combinations. Rheological properties of the asphalt binders were evaluated utilizing the bending beam rheometer. The mixture CTE values were determined using a custom-made CTE device referred to as the Ohio CTE device. The cracking temperature of asphalt mixtures was evaluated using the asphalt concrete cracking device (ACCD), a concentric thermal stress restrained specimen device. Based on the test results, it was concluded that the measured asphalt mixture CTE values were significantly lower than the values predicted by the current AASHTOWare CTE model. The cracking temperature measured by ACCD became colder as the mixture CTE became relatively lower. The transition of the mixture CTE appeared to be caused by internal cracking and could be modeled with the isochronal stiffness of asphalt binder. The mixture CTE transition temperature was highly correlated with the ACCD cracking temperature.
Wilsonian Renormalization in the 1970s
Authors: Menzel Julia Harriet
Published: December 2021

This paper examines the history of the renormalization group, a cornerstone of contemporary theoretical physics, focusing on the work of Kenneth Wilson (winner of the 1982 Nobel Prize in physics) and affiliated scholars in the 1970s. In particular, it reconstructs how studies of the renormalization group led to formative interactions between two distinct branches of physics, namely particle physics and condensed matter theory. Instead of explaining such intellectual coordination as the result of material and conceptual exchanges, as in Peter Galison’s widely influential discussion of the “trading zone,” my analysis emphasizes the pedagogical labor, social institutions, and political economic conditions that gave the renormalization group its mediating power. To that end, I show how early lectures and fast circulating pre-prints on the renormalization group created a population of physicists in the United States conversant in the rudiments of both condensed matter and particle theory. I then root the formation of a transatlantic network of renormalization group enthusiasts in the geopolitics of the Cold War, showing that the spread of Wilsonian ideas was made possible by a liberal internationalist program of academic exchanges and summer schools sponsored by the US state department and NATO. Finally, I argue that sharp cuts to basic science funding in the United States pushed young physicists seeking jobs in the 1970s to work across specializations, which visibly impacted how renormalization group ideas were interpreted and used—often against the objections of their original progenitors.
OPTIMALISASI PEMBERDAYAAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DALAM LINGKUNGAN BEKERJA
Authors: Nusantoro Eko
Published: December 2021

Through the empowerment of employees, the sharing of power will occur, where the sub-ordinates are collectively involved with the management/chairmen to carry out changes by implementing various managerial approach. A leader of an institution or organization can significantly strengthen the sub-ordinatesâ€™ self-confidence in their ability. With stronger sense of self of efficacy, the sub-ordinates will be more capable to conduct and succeed in carrying out various challenging jobs. The empowerment should have been pioneered following the globalization era and it needs to create win-win solution situation in an educational institution or organization so that every person will have ability and will have opportunity to be qualified in performance, creative, innovative and maximum self-development in carrying out jobs in their working environment.Kata Kunci: optimalisasi; pemberdayaan SDM; lingkungan kerja
PENERAPAN MODEL PENDIDIKAN KECAKAPAN HIDUP PADA PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN KESETARAAN DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Desmawati Liliek , Suminar Tri , Budiartati Emmy
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan penerapan model pendidikan kecakapan hidup dalam pembelajaran program pendidikan kesetaraan; menjelaskan keefektivan model dan dampak model dalam pencapaian tujuan standar kompetensi peserta didik. Populasi penelitian yang didesain dengan penelitian tindakan praktis (pracyical action research) adalah tutor pendidikan kesetaraan yang masih aktif di Kota Semarang. Sampel penelitian ditetapkan secara purposive random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dengan deskriptif kualitatif dan statistik uji t test perpasangan. Hasil penelitian adalah penerapan model pendidikan kecakapan hidup pada awalnya masih terpisah dengan mata pelajaran yang lebih difokuskan pada aspek kecakapan vokasi. Kemampuan tutor dalam menyusun program pembelajaran dengan menjabarkan kecakapan hidup dalam materi pelajaran masih rendah. Kualifikasi kecakapan hidup peserta didik masih rendah. Setelah penerapan model, kemampuan tutor dalam menyusun program pembelajaran meningkat, termasuk pada kategori baik. Kualifikasi kecakapan hidup peserta didik meningkat secara signifikan. Penerapan model pendidikan kecakapan hidup terintegrasi dalam mata pelajaran efektif untuk meningkatkan kompetensi peserta didik pendidikan kesetaraan.Kata Kunci: model pendidikan kecakapan hidup; standar kompetensi lulusan; pendidikan kesetaraan
PERMASALAHAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEMBANGUNAN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Suryana S.
Published: December 2021

Dalam perspektif Pembangunan Pendidikan Nasional, pendidikan harus lebih berperan dalam membangun seluruh potensi maikannusia agar menjadi subyek yang berkembang secara optimal dan bermanfaat bagi masyarakat dan pembangunan nasional. Dalam konteks demikian, pembangunan pendidikan itu mencakup berbagai dimensi yang sangat luas yang meliputi dimensi sosial, budaya, ekonomi, dan politik. Dalam perspektif sosial, pendidikan akan melahirkan insan-insan terpelajar yang mempunyai peranan penting dalam proses perubahan sosial di dalam masyarakat. Dalam perspektif budaya, pendidikan merupakan wahana penting dan medium yang efektif untuk mengajarkan norma, mensosialisasikan nilai, dan menanamkan etos di kalangan warga masyarakat. Dalam perspektif politik, pendidikan harus mampu mengembangkan kapasitas individu untuk menjadi warga negara yang baik (good citizens), yang memiliki kesadaran akan hak dan tanggung jawab dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat , berbangsa, dan bernegara. Karena itu, pendidikan harus dapat melahirkan individu yang memiliki visi dan idealisme untuk membangun kekuatan bersama sebagai bangsa. Dalam tiga tahun mendatang, pembangunan pendidikan nasional di Indonesia masih dihadapkan pada berbagai tantangan serius, terutama dalam upaya meningkatkan kinerja yang mencakup (a) pemerataan dan perluasan akses; (b) peningkatan mutu, relevansi, dan daya saing; (c) penataan tata kelola, akuntabilitas, dan citra publik; dan (d) peningkatan pembiayaan. Dalam upaya meningkatkan kinerja pendidikan nasional, diperlukan suatu reformasi menyeluruh yang telah dimulai dengan kebijakan desentralisasi dan otonomi pendidikan sebagai bagian dari reformasi politik dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan.Kata Kunci: Pembangunan Pendidikan; Persepektif Pembangunan Pendidikan; Mutu Pendidikan
Pengembangan Kartu Pantun Berbantuan Model Kooperatif Teams Games Tournament pada Materi Melisankan Pantun
Authors: Kholifah Kholifah , Sabilillah Nugraheti Sismulyasih
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya keterampilan melisankan pantun pada siswa kelas V SDN Sidomulyo 01. Hal ini disebabkan karena media yang tersedia di sekolah masih kurang memadai dan kurang mendukung pembelajaran melisankan pantun. Selain itu, guru masih kurang kreatif dalam teknik penyampaian materi. Guru tidak menggunakan model pembelajaran yang membuat siswa aktif dan kreatif dalam melisankan pantun. Oleh karena itu, peneliti ingin melakukan penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) yang mengembangkan media pembelajaran berupa kartu pantun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) menghasilkan media kartu pantun, (2) menguji kelayakan media kartu pantun, dan (3) menguji keefektifan media kartu pantun. Berdasarkan penelitian ini didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut. Rata-rata nilai siswa sebelum (pretest) yaitu 58,93 dan setelah mendapat perlakuan (postest) yaitu 78,35. Presentase peningkatan hasil unjuk kerja melisankan pantun yaitu sebesar 59%. Kartu pantun juga efektif untuk digunakan sebagai media penunjang pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan materi melisankan pantun, terlihat dari hasil uji perbedaan rata-rata dengan thitung sebesar 7,531 lebih besar dari ttabel yang hanya 1,703. Hasil perhitungan N-gain sebesar 0,44. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kartu pantun efektif meningkatkan keterampilan siswa melisankan pantun.This research is based on the expressing rhyme skill inadequacy of 5th grade student at Primary School Sidomulyo 01. Such phenomenon happens because the learning media in primary school is insufficient and unable to support the rhyme uttering learning. More to the point, the learning technique and model used by teacher cannot stimulate the students to be participatory, active, and creative in rhyme uttering learning.Â  Therefore, the researcher wants to do a research and development that evolves a learning media so-called rhyme card. This research aims (1) to produce rhyme card learning media (2) to know the properness of the rhyme card, and (2) to know the effectiveness of rhyme card. The result of the research shows the positive effect of rhyme card. The pretest means result of students expressing rhyme skill is 58,93 and after the treatment or posttest the means result is 78,35. It shows that the studentsâ€™ rhyme uttering skill increased for about 58%. Rhyme card is also effective to support the expressing rhyme learning. The Paired t-Test done by the researcher shows that the t-value result is 7,531which is bigger than the t-table result, 1,703. The N-gain result is 0,44. From the explanation above, we can conclude that rhyme card is effective to increase the studentsâ€™ rhyme uttering skill. The researcher suggests the teacher to develop another learning media so the studentsâ€™ linguistics skill could increase
Komunitas Kawan Dengar: Acquiring Online Counseling Microskills
Authors: Mahanani Fatma Kusuma , Rizki Binta Muâ€™tiya , Pratiwi Pradipta Christy , Mabruri Moh Iqbal , Galuh Amawidyati Sukma Adi
Published: December 2021

Keluhan psikis semakin meningkat selama pandemic covid-19. Berbagai pihak semakin genjar memberikan layanan konseling secara daring. Hanya saja, tidak semua pihak memiliki keterampilan dasar konseling terutama secara daring yang mumpuni, salah satu pemberi layanan konseling gratis adalah komunitas kawan dengar. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah melakukan pemberdayaan komunitas kawan dengar untuk mendapatkan keterampilan dasar konseling secara daring. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen, menggunakan desain One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Analisis data menggunakan uji beda paired sample t-test. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan yang signifikan pada hasil pretes dibandingkan postes setelah perlakuan. Hasil tersebut menyajikan informasi baru di tengah minimnya hasil riset tentang keterampilan mikro dalam konseling secara daring sekaligus memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat yang mendapatkan layanan konseling daring melalui komunitas kawan dengar.Psychological complaints increased during the covid-19 pandemic. Various parties are increasingly active in providing online counseling services. It's just that, not all parties have basic counseling skills, especially those who are qualified, one of the free counseling service providers is a community of listeners. The purpose of this service activity is to empower the community of listeners to gain basic counseling skills in a bold manner. The method used was experimental, using the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design design. Data analysis using different test Paired Sample T-Test. The results showed that there was a significant increase in pretest compared to posttest results after treatment. These results provide new information in the midst of the lack of research results on micro skills in counseling as well as providing benefits to people who get counseling services through the peer-to-peer community.
Pengembangan Game Edukasi si Gelis Berbasis Android Untuk Meningkatkan Kosakata Bahasa Inggris Siswa
Authors: Rokhman Nur , Ahmadi Farid
Published: December 2021

Adanya pandemi covid-19 memberi dampak signifikan pada dunia pendidikan.Â  Bagi siswa kelas 2 mata pelajaran bahasa inggris merupakan mata pelajaran sulit terlebih di saat pandemi covid 19 ini yang melarang pelaksanaan proses pengajaran secara tatap muka.Â  Materi bahasa inggris Kelas 2 Semester 1 diantaranya diajarkan kosakata angka, buah, sayur, baju dan hewan.Â  Pada umumnya anak-anak lebih suka bermain sehingga adanya game edukasi si gelis (genius english) ini bertujuan agar siswa dapat bermain dan belajar.Â  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengemas materi kosakata kelas 2 sd menjadi sebuah game sehingga diharapkan kemampuan kosakata bahasa inggris dapat meningkat. Untuk menghasilkan game edukasi ini, peneliti menggunakan metode Research and Develompent dengan model pengembangan ADDIE yaitu meliputi Analisys, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluasi.Â  Adapun software yang digunakan adalah Adobe Animate 2017, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Air dan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Action Script 3. Pada tahap evaluasi game edukasi ini terlebih dahulu melalui uji kelayakan oleh 2 ahli media dan 2 ahli materi dan menghasilkan nilai rata-rata kelayakan sebesar 90,6% atau sangat baik.Â  Game edukasi ini dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa kelas 2 dalam kosa kata bahasa inggris. Pada uji coba penerapan kepada sebanyak 20 siswa menghasilkan peningkatan nilai rata-rata kelas sebesar 32 point.Â  Game edukasi si Gelis (Genius English) ini dapat menjadi suplemen bahan pembelajaran kelas 2 sekolah dasar.The covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the world of education. For grade 2 students, English is a difficult subject, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic which prohibits face-to-face teaching. English materials for Class 2 Semester 1 include numbers, fruits, vegetables, clothes and animals. In general, children prefer to play, so the existence of this educational game Gelis (English Genius) is intended so that students can play and learn. The purpose of this research is to package the vocabulary material for grade 2 sd into a game so that it is expected that the vocabulary skills of English can improve. To produce this educational game, researchers used the Research and Development method with the ADDIE development model which includes Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The software used is Adobe Animate 2017, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Air and uses the programming language Action Script 3. In the evaluation stage of this educational game, first it goes through a feasibility test by 2 media experts and 2 material experts and produces an average feasibility score of 90, 6% or very good. This educational game can improve the ability of grade 2 students in English vocabulary. In the application trial for as many as 20 students resulted in an increase in the class average score of 32 points. This educational game Si Gelis (Genius English) can be a supplement to the second-grade learning materials for elementary school.
Online Lectures on Learning Achievement at Student of Guidance Counseling (Subject Personal Development Counselor) and Physical Education (Subject Sports Health)
Authors: Ladjar Maria Andriani Barek , Korohama Katharina Edeltrudis Perada
Published: December 2021

Almost a year, Indonesia is in a situation that is quite complicated, due to the spread of covid-19 significantly in many areas, it is then compounded by the numbers died fairly high. Governments and health workers have always called people to always maintain a healthy lifestyle and clean, to avoid the spread of this virus. From its appearance to a pattern of adaptation that has been done many, covid-19 directly has affected and changed the system order of human life in all sectors, not least in the world of education. In this pandemic period, various factors emerged in their own way which greatly influenced the system and even the habit patterns of learning activities. After approximately 1 year running, online lecturing has become a habit that occurs in learning, so it also affects learning achievement. Therefore, this research will look at the extent to which the online lecture process carried out in the current year also affects the learning achievement of students of the BK Study Program and the Penjaskesrek Study Program, FKIP, Undana Kupang. The conclusions obtained: (1) There is a significant effect of online lectures on student achievement of Counseling Guidance students and (2) There is a significant effect of online lectures on student learning achievement of Penjaskesrek.
«Frangula alnus». Una especie recuperada para la flora valenciana
Authors: FERRER-GALLEGO PABLO , FERRANDO-PARDO INMACULADA , ALBERT FRANCISCO , PÉREZ-FERRÁNDIZ ELICERIO , PIERA MERCEDES , LAGUNA EMILIO , JIMÉNEZ JUAN
Published: December 2021

Se comunica el estado de conservación de Frangula alnus en la Comunitat Valenciana, con especial atención al análisis del grado de cumplimiento de los objetivos marcados para su descatalogación como especie “En peligro de extinción” en el territorio valenciano según el Catálogo Valenciano de Especies de Flora Amenazadas. En la actualidad el número de plantas en la Comunidad Valenciana es de 897, de las cuales 869 plantas han sido translocadas, distribuidas en 24 poblaciones, de las cuáles 22 han sido creadas mediante translocaciones.
Nuevos registros de Holochilus chacarius (Rodentia, Cricetidae) en la cuenca del río Carcarañá (Santa Fé, Argentina) y consideraciones biogeográficas
Authors: Rimoldi Pablo G , Chimento Nicolas
Published: December 2021

La recolección y análisis de egagrópilas resulta un método adecuado en el estudio de presas pequeñas, debido a que permite el estudio de áreas extensas, genera gran cantidad y variedad de individuos por lote. El orden Strigiformes cuenta con el mayor número de estudios de dieta de aves rapaces a nivel mundial, destacándose los referidos a Tyto furcata con gran cantidad de contribuciones sobre el análisis de sus regurgitados. El estudio de las regurgitaciones de esta especie ha ayudado a realizar nuevas interpretaciones sobre la distribución, taxonomía y conservación de muchas especies de roedores. Aquí, se describe la presencia de Holochilus chacarius en el sur de la provincia de Santa Fe a partir de la recolección y análisis de egagrópilas de la lechuza del campanario (Tyto furcata). Estos registros amplían la distribución de H. chacarius en la provincia y contribuyen a actualizar los mapas de distribución existentes.
Lista actualizada de la diversidad de los mamíferos del Perú y una propuesta para su actualización
Authors: Pacheco Torres Víctor Raúl , Diaz Silvia , Graham Angeles Laura Andrea , Flores-Quispe Marisel , Calizaya-Mamani Giüseppy , Ruelas Dennisse , Sánchez-Vendizú Pamela
Published: December 2021

La lista de mamíferos del Perú más reciente, publicada en el año 2020, compiló un total de 569 especies y 82 especies endémicas, sin embargo, en corto tiempo varios cambios taxonómicos han ocurrido y obligan a presentar otra lista actualizada de todas las especies de mamíferos con registros en el Perú. Esta nueva lista actualizada hasta noviembre de 2021 incluye 573 especies, 223 géneros, 51 familias y 13 órdenes: Didelphimorphia (47), Paucituberculata (2), Sirenia (1), Cingulata (5), Pilosa (7), Primates (42), Lagomorpha (2), Eulipotyphla (3), Carnivora (33), Perissodactyla (2), Artiodactyla (46, incluyendo 32 cetáceos), Rodentia (194) y Chiroptera (189); de las cuales, 87 especies son endémicas para el país. Por otro lado, la necesidad de contar con listas taxonómicas válidas y actualizadas para el uso en toma de decisiones, nos lleva a proponer como una estrategia óptima que la Asociación de Mastozoólogos del Perú (AMP) asuma el rol de mantener actualizada una lista que cubra las necesidades de los diferentes usuarios, tal como organizaciones similares lo vienen haciendo en países vecinos con el apoyo del Estado y ONGs.
Blood and urine concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor in dogs with tumours
Authors: Hristov Ts. T. , Binev R. G.
Published: December 2021

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent mitogen for vascular endothelial cells. It improves cell survival, stimulates angiogenesis, inhibits cell apoptosis and strongly enhances vascular permeability. In this study, VEGF concentrations were assayed in blood plasma and urine of 22 dogs with neoplasms (lymphosarcoma, splenic haemangiosarcoma and mammary gland carcinoma) and in 7 healthy dogs by means of ELISA. Average blood plasma VEGF in control dogs was 42.13 ± 7.37 pg/mL, while in dogs with lymphoma – 113.35 ± 16.48 pg/mL, in dogs with haemangiosarcoma – 154.85 ± 48.46 pg/mL and in dogs with mammary gland carcinoma – 104.31 ± 12.45 pg/mL. Urine VEGF concentrations in dogs affected with lymphosarcoma were 712.42 ± 233.85 ng/g uCr, in animals with haemangiosarcoma – 223.50 ± 262.33 ng/g uCr and in those with mammary carcinoma: 1053.92 ± 311.63 ng/g uCr. In healthy controls average urine VEGF was 310.11 ± 28.11 ng/g uCr.
Effect of infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease vaccines on experimental avian influenza infection (H9N2) in broiler chickens
Authors: Amanollahi R. , Asasi K. , Abdi-Hachesoo B. , Ahmadi N. , Mohammadi A.
Published: December 2021

Despite the fact that H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) is considered a low-pathogenic agent, frequent outbreaks of this subtype have caused high mortality and economic losses in poultry farms around the world including Iran. Coinfection with a respiratory pathogen or environmental factors may explain the exacerbation of H9N2 AIV infection. In this study, the role of infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccines (H120 and 4/91) and Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines (B1 and LaSota) on experimental H9N2 AIV infection was investigated in 180 broiler chickens allotted into 6 groups (n=30). At the age of 18 days, groups 3 and 4 received H120 and 4/91 infectious bronchitis live vaccines (IBLVs) and groups 5 and 6 received B1 and LaSota Newcastle disease live vaccines (NDLVs), respectively. At the age of 20 days, all birds in the experimental groups except the negative control group (group 1), were inoculated intra-nasally with H9N2 AIV. After the inoculation, clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions, and viral detection were examined. The results of this study revealed that clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions were more severe in the AIV challenged groups which had been previously vaccinated with IB vaccines. In addition, AI viral RNA from tracheal and faecal samples in IB vaccinated birds were recovered at a higher rate. Moreover, in the 4/91 IB vaccinated group, the AI virus shedding period was longer than the other challenged groups. In conclusion, infectious bronchitis live vaccines (IBLVs) exacerbated the H9N2 AIV infection; also, 4/91 IBLV extended AI virus shedding period and increased the recovery rate of AI virus from feaces. However, the coinfection of Newcastle disease live vaccines (NDLVs) had no considerable adverse effects on AIV infection in broiler chickens.
Single-variable porous nanomaterial series from polymer structure-directing agents
Authors: Stefik Morgan
Published: December 2021

Block polymer structure-directing agents (SDA) enable the production of porous nanoscale materials. Most strategies rely upon polymer equilibration where diverse morphologies are realized in porous functional materials. This review details how solvent selectivity determines the polymer SDA behaviors, spanning from bulk-type to solution-type. Equilibrating behavior of either type, however, obscures nanostructure cause-and-effect since the resulting sample series convolve multiple spatial variations. Solution-type SDA behaviors include both dynamic and persistent micelles. Persistent micelle templates (PMT) use high solvent selectivity for kinetic entrapment. PMTs enable independent wall thickness control with demonstrated 2 Å precision alterations. Unimodal PMT pore size distributions have spanned from 11.8 to 109 nm and multimodal pore sizes up to 290 nm. The PMT method is simple to validate with diffraction models and is feasible in any laboratory. Finally, recent energy device publications enabled by PMT are reviewed where tailored nanomaterials provide a unique perspective to unambiguously identify nanostructure–property–performance relationships.

Graphical abstract
Mulheres e nudez no movimento naturista brasileiro nos anos de 1950
Authors: Herold Junior Carlos , Solera Bruna , Tortola Eliane Regina Crestani , Dalben André , Lara Larissa Michele
Published: December 2021

Resumo: Neste artigo analisamos representações sobre as mulheres na história do movimento nudo-naturista no Brasil, tomando como fontes revistas naturistas produzidas na década de 1950. É evidenciada a grande atenção dada pelos proponentes do movimento às mulheres no que se refere a três aspectos: a) a propagação dos benefícios do nudismo às mulheres; b) a avaliação sobre o que pensavam ser a natureza das mulheres; e c) a consideração da beleza corporal feminina no nudismo. Concluímos que as representações nudistas impactaram no processo de manutenção e mudança em relação à mulher durante as primeiras décadas do século XX no contexto brasileiro, divulgando outros modos de expor e ver o corpo feminino.