bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the Mental Health of the Elderly and Related Factors
Authors: Gerayllo Sakineh , Shahini Najmeh , Ghorbani Somayeh , Ghabel Behzad
Published: November 2024

Background: Aging and increase in the elderly population are the most important issues in recent years in developed countries and some developing countries. Mental health is one of the crucial aspects of elderly well-being and must be addressed to improve community health. This study is conducted to examine the mental health of the elderly and the related factors in Gorgan city, 2022.
Methods: The present study is descriptive-analytical and was conducted using a two-stage cluster random sampling method. First, four comprehensive health service centers were selected as a cluster from among the centers of Gorgan city, and then 263 people were randomly selected from the chosen centers, proportionate to the number of registered elderly individuals in the electronic service system. The standard depression questionnaire for the elderly was utilized for assessment. Data were then entered into SPSS software version 18 and with descriptive and analytical statistical tests, including the Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test, and logistic regression (The significance level was less than 0.05(.
Results: A total of 263 elderly people were evaluated with a mean age of 68.64 ± 7.2 . 143 (54.4%) were male and 120 (45.6%) were female. The prevalence of depression was reported to be 27.8. The occurrence of depression was significantly associated with age, marital status, and the presence of underlying disease conditions (p < 0.05). However, gender, place of residence, and BMI did not show a statistically significant relationship with the occurrence of depression. Aging, underlying diseases, and not being married increase the chance of depression in the elderly.
Conclusion: Although the prevalence of depression in the elderly is lower than the average of the whole country in this study, they are in a better condition. However, due to the fact that they are a special target group, as well as the various risk factors of the disease, including age, lack of marriage, and the presence of an underlying disease in this group, it is suggested that more appropriate planning be done to improve their mental health status.
Religion as a Social Determinant of Health: Perceived Role of Religiosity in Risky Behavior and Social Problems
Authors: Moghaddam Narges Arab , Soroush Maryam , Joulaei Hassan , Alborzi Sedigheh , Jalili Roohollah
Published: November 2024

Background: Religion as a social determinants of health(SDOH) has long been a topic of fascination and debate, affecting various aspects of human life, including behavior. Some behaviors cause social problems due to harmful consequences they have when they become popular. Risky health behaviors are part of these social issues
Method: This study employs Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to explore individuals' perceptions of the role of religiosity in social problems in Shiraz in 2022 . To gain deeper insights into this relationship, we conducted semi- structured in-depth interviews with 14 participants, who engaged in various forms of risky behavior.
 Results: The study revealed four distinct themes:  a constructive viewpoint, where religion was seen as integral to addressing social issues, guiding individuals towards positive behavior;  a destructive viewpoint, where religion was perceived as a source of harm and risky behavior;  a separation between social issues and religion, indicating that certain social problems and behavior transcend religious definitions; and  the interaction of religion with some factors which underscores the interplay between religion and other determinants, such as economic status, in shaping perceptions of social problems. Economic status emerged as a significant factor influencing participants' perspectives on social issues and risky behavior.
 Conclusion: This study showed that understanding of people involved in high-risk behaviors about the role of religion in the occurrence of these behaviors and social damages are very different. Some consider religion to be very effective in preventing these behaviors, and some consider religion to be the cause of social damage, emphasizing the importance of considering these diverse perspectives in addressing social issues in contemporary society.
Investigating the Relationship between Knowledge Management and Patient Relationship Management and the Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing
Authors: Motaghi Monika , Pakdel Shahla , Kouravand Neda
Published: November 2024

Background: Individuals and their skills in learning and sharing knowledge are regarded as fundamental factors in the competitive success of organizations. Hence, this study aims to investigate the relationship between knowledge management and patient relationship management and the mediating role of knowledge sharing among the staff of Shahid Ayatollah Dastgheib Hospital in Shiraz.
Methods: This study employs a descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational design. The statistical population included all the staff of Shahid Dastgheib Hospital in Shiraz in 2023, totaling 250 individuals. The sample size was determined to be 155 individuals using Morgan table and was selected through stratified random sampling as the final sample, based on quotas. 1-Knowledge Management Questionnaire and Dixon’s Standardized Knowledge Sharing Questionnaire . Data were analyzed via Pearson correlation coefficient and univariate regression analysis using SPSS-25 software.
Results: The findings indicated a significant relationship between the mean score of knowledge management and the mean score of patient relationship management (P = 0.001). Knowledge management can positively and significantly predict communication with the patient (P=0.001, β=0.276) and knowledge sharing can positively and significantly predict communication with the patient )P= 0/001, β = 0.255).
Conclusion: It appears that enhancing knowledge management, knowledge sharing, and relationships among hospital staff are concepts closely linked to productivity, effectiveness, and performance of personnel and organizations.
Determinants of Domestic Violence during Pregnancy
Authors: Sadeghi Saeedeh , Zareipour MoradAli , Ardian Nahid , Mirshamsi Marziyeh , Jadgal Mohammad Saeed
Published: November 2024

Background: Due to the importance of the issue and the fact that up-to-date studies in this topic have not been conducted in Yazd city, the present research was conducted to investigate and determine the intensity and frequency of domestic violence among pregnant women.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study and sampling was done by simple random method. pregnant women referred to health centers in Yazd in 2021 participated in the study. For the study, 246 pregnant women were selected from 3 health centers in Yazd city in 2021. The tool used for the study was the standard questionnaire known as the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2). This questionnaire was utilized to assess domestic violence, measures of dispute resolution, and demographic characteristics. After inputting the data into the SPSS version 26, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric statistical tests were used for data analysis.
Results: The results showed that the average age of women was 31.47 ± 7.68 with a minimum age of 17 and a maximum of 55. The severity and frequency of the types of violence were measured, and the types of violence in the extreme state related to physical, mental, sexual, and verbal violence and resulting in physical injury were found to be 10%, 25%, 7%, 10%, and 19% respectively. Violence against pregnant mothers showed a significant relationship with the economic status of the family, the age of the mother's marriage, the education level of the parents, and the duration of their marriage (p<0.001). One of the most important variables affecting the severity and frequency of violence against pregnant women was the economic status of the family (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The findings of this study show a connection between education level, economic status, and the prevalence of domestic violence. It is suggested to prioritize the development of diverse communication and problem-solving skills, as well as education related to family behavior on a wider scope.
The Relationship between Work Engagement and Workaholism and Nurses' Job well-being
Authors: Abdi Banafsheh , Alavi Azam
Published: November 2024

Background: Nurses continuously face workaholism and work engagement that affect the professional performance of nurses. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between work engagement and workaholism with nurses' job well-being.
Methods: This was a descriptive correlation study. Two hundred nurses from Lahijan Hospitals were selected by convenience sampling method in 1399. Data were collected using three standard questionnaires of work engagement, workaholism, and job well-being. Data analysis was used using SPSS21 software using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, percentage) and inferential methods (Single regression test).
Results: The results of the study showed that work engagement and workaholism can predict the job well-being of nurses in Lahijan hospitals (p<0.001). Among the dimensions of job well-being, the results showed that workaholism is negatively related to the job satisfaction of nurses(p=0.03), but has a positive relationship with the dimensions of perceived stress and nurses' sleep problems(p<0.001). Among the dimensions of job well-being, work engagement can predict positive the job satisfaction of nurses(p<0.001), but cannot predict the perceived stress and the nurses' sleep problems(p>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, work engagement and workaholism are good predictors for nurses' job well–being. Therefore, it is suggested that managers help to enhance nurses' job well-being by improving the motivated and vibrant work environment, creating work engagement, and reducing work addiction.
Determining the Knowledge and Attitude of Medical Intern Students about the Effect of Periodontal Diseases on Systemic Diseases
Authors: Motaghi Monika , Amraie Firouz , Kouravand Neda
Published: November 2024

Background: Periodontal diseases are prevalent chronic multifactorial conditions that significantly affect individuals' quality of life across various dimensions. Additionally, the association and impact of periodontal disease on systemic health have been a focus of medical attention for many years. This influence is particularly recognized as a risk factor in several conditions, notably coronary artery disease. Consequently, enhancing awareness and improving the attitudes of healthcare professionals toward this association is of great importance. Numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the level of awareness and attitudes regarding this impact. This study has investigated the knowledge and attitude of medical intern students of Kashan University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: In this descriptive study, a knowledge of the effect of periodontal disease on systemic diseases and their attitude towards periodontal in medical interns of Kashan University of Medical Sciences, a total of 160 people who were selected by census method, were investigated using a questionnaire based on the study by Thomas and Pralhad in 2011. The obtained data was analyzed by SPSS software with independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.
Results: A total of 160 medical interns were surveyed. There was a significant positive correlation between the age of students and their attitude toward periodontal health (p=0.024). Additionally, the student's knowledge and attitudes toward periodontal health were not significantly associated with the level of information abo ut periodontal disease or the predominant source of oral health information (p>0.05). Moreover, knowledge of the impact of systemic diseases or conditions on periodontal disease was significantly correlated with awareness of the impact of systemic diseases on periodontal health (p<0.001). Furthermore, attitudes toward periodontal health showed a significant positive correlation with knowledge of the systemic impact on periodontal disease (p<0.01).
Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that the participant's knowledge regarding the impact of periodontal disease on systemic health is moderate. While the majority of participants assess their knowledge about periodontal issues as insufficient, they believe that clinical and theoretical education related to this topic should be included in the curriculum of their studies. Furthermore, they express a positive attitude toward acquiring more information and education on this matter.
Predicting Family Stability Based on Emotion Regulation and Sexual Self-Efficacy: The Mediating Role of Marital Intimacy
Authors: Bagheri Razieh , Bakhshayesh Alireza , Mahmoodabadi Hassan Zareei
Published: November 2024

Background: Consolidating families is a crucial strategy that can enhance and ultimately solidify marital relationships. Factors such as emotions, personality traits, and interpersonal intimacy significantly influence family stability, contributing to mental health promotion and overall societal happiness. Thus, this study aims to predict family stability through emotional regulation and sexual self-efficacy while examining the mediating role of marital intimacy.
Methods: This descriptive-correlational research targeted all married individuals in Yazd City (with a minimum of five years marriage) in 2022. A total of 200 participants were selected using convenience sampling methods. The study employed questionnaires assessing family stability(Low scores in the family stability questionnaire indicate greater stability), sexual self-efficacy, emotion regulation, and marital intimacy. Data analysis was conducted using Amos and SPSS software packages.
Results: The findings revealed that there was no statistically significant relationship between cognitive reappraisal and suppression considering family stability (p > 0.05). Conversely, a significant negative correlation was found between family stability and sexual self-efficacy (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a positive and significant association was between sexual self-efficacy and cognitive reappraisal, while a negative and significant correlation was observed between marital intimacy and suppression (p < 0.05). Sexual self-efficacy demonstrated a significant direct negative impact on family stability (β = -0.22). In addition, both sexual self-efficacy (β = 0.16) and cognitive reappraisal (β = 0.66) exhibited significant and direct positive effects, whereas suppression (β = -0.46) had a significant direct and negative effect on marital intimacy.
Conclusion: Enhancing sexual self-efficacy along with marital intimacy and effective emotion regulation among couples can create favorable conditions for family stability and  consolidation, marking an important advancement in promoting lasting marital relationships.
Application of Fuzzy - AHP - Topsis Model Integration to Select Green C2C Websites in Online Shopping
Authors: Dung Tran Trung
Published: November 2024

In today's digital age, online shopping has become an indispensable part of daily life. The strong development of e-commerce platforms helps consumers easily search and choose products from around the world with just a few clicks. Making purchasing decisions is not simple when buyers have to consider many factors such as price, quality, brand and many other factors. To support smart consumers in shopping, the study applied the Fuzzy - AHP - Topsis integrated model to evaluate purchasing criteria on 4 popular C2C websites: Shopee, Tiki, Lazada and Sendo.
Nursing Interventions for Preventing Hospital-Acquired Infections
Authors: Alnadawy Ohood Hameed , Albogami Norah Fahad , Alfahmi Maram Saed Saad , Haqwi Nada Mohammed , Takroni Amna Ahmedoh Eissa , Dowaid Ebtisam Ali Ahmead
Published: November 2024

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a significant contributor to patient morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. With an increasing emphasis on patient safety and infection control, nursing interventions play a vital role in reducing the incidence of HAIs. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of nursing-led interventions in preventing HAIs, focusing on four primary strategies: hand hygiene, aseptic technique, environmental cleaning, and patient education. A total of 52 peer-reviewed studies, including over 50,000 patient cases across various healthcare settings, were analyzed. The meta-analysis revealed that hand hygiene adherence led to a 35% reduction in HAIs, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.54–0.79). Structured training in aseptic techniques for invasive procedures correlated with a 40% reduction in catheter-associated infections (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.50–0.75), while enhanced environmental cleaning protocols decreased HAI rates by 30% (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.55–0.89). Patient education showed a 15% reduction in HAIs, although results were less statistically significant. These findings highlight the essential role of nursing interventions in infection control and underscore the need for continuous training, compliance monitoring, and institutional support. Future research should explore integrated infection prevention programs and technological innovations to improve adherence and expand patient education initiatives. Overall, nursing interventions remain crucial to achieving lower HAI rates and enhancing patient safety.
Ética, integridad académica e Inteligencia Artificial: entrevista con Eva María Espiñeira Bellón
Authors: Espiñeira Bellón Eva María , Mainardes Jefferson , Tedesco Anderson Luiz
Published: November 2024

Entrevista
Adscripción y lenguas aborígenes en Argentina (2010-2018): un abordaje territorial a partir de un relevamiento infantil
Authors: De Grande Pablo , Longhi Fernando
Published: November 2024

La medición de la multiculturalidad –y en particular de la presencia de un legado cultural indígena– ha sido una preocupación ausente durante el siglo XIX y buena parte del siglo XX en la estadística pública argentina. Sobre el final de este último, la “cuestión indígena” ha ganado en visibilidad y preocupación por parte de los organismos estatales. Como consecuencia de ello, y coincidentemente con procesos similares acontecidos en el resto de América, se han intensificado los requerimientos de cifras oficiales que permitan su necesario reconocimiento cultural, social y político. En este contexto, en el Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas de 2001, se incorporó una pregunta de ”autorreconocimiento indígena”, sostenida luego en los censos posteriores (aunque no así sobre el uso de lenguas indígenas en la población). Examinamos en este artículo las relaciones estadísticas entre dos criterios de identificación de presencia cultural indígena: la autoidentificación (adscripción) y el habla de lenguas indígenas. Para esto, utilizaremos microdatos del Censo de Población, Hogares y Viviendas de 2010 y del cuestionario de ‘contexto’ de las Pruebas Aprender realizadas en escuelas primarias en el año 2018. Hallamos que estadística y espacialmente no existe una relación uniforme entre ambas dimensiones. Asimismo, identificamos evidencias acerca de la inadecuación de la pregunta sobre adscripción étnica a partir del alto porcentaje de respuesta ignorado, así como una notoria presencia de lenguas indígenas en el territorio, con departamentos con una proporción de hogares superior al 50%, y una media general nacional superior al 10%. Reflexionamos sobre estos resultados y los discutimos con el propósito de dar cuenta de la presencia cultural indígena (de diversas culturas) en las diferentes zonas de nuestro país, en gran medida invisibilizada por la estadística pública y por el abordaje unidimensional y esencialista que se ha dado en ella a la multiculturalidad.
Reseña del libro Social Justice for Children in the South, editado por Graciela Tonon.
Authors: Petrone Claudia Andrea
Published: November 2024

Partiendo de los diversos desarrollos teóricos y resultados de investigaciones en América del Sur, África y Europa, este libro tematiza, con notable profundidad, la participación de niños y adolescentes de los países del Sur y su correlación con el logro de la justicia social. Tomando como marco el enfoque de capacidades, se argumenta que los niños y adolescentes tienen agencia, por lo que pueden tomar decisiones con respecto a las cosas que valoran y actuar, mancomunadamente, con otros agentes para ampliar el conjunto de capacidades colectivas, en pos del logro de la justicia y la dignidad para todos. Los autores procuran, a lo largo del libro, que sus argumentos impacten en políticas públicas y abran nuevas fronteras para la investigación sobre la agencia, el empoderamiento y la participación de los niños, y los métodos de investigación que los involucran.
Protección social y salud infantil: desafíos en la medición del impacto de la inversión pública en salud
Authors: Delamonica Enrique
Published: November 2024

Este artículo explora la relación entre la inversión pública en salud y la mejora de la salud poblacional, con un enfoque particular en la reducción de la mortalidad en niños menores de cinco años (TMM5). Aunque la intuición sugiere que un aumento en la inversión en hospitales, medicamentos y personal sanitario debería mejorar la salud de la población, demostrar empíricamente esta relación es un desafío complejo y controversial. Desde una perspectiva conceptual, el texto aborda la relevancia y las dificultades de medir cuánto se mejora la salud por unidad monetaria invertida, con implicaciones clave para el diseño de políticas públicas. La estructura del artículo incluye cinco secciones: la primera examina conceptos sobre el papel y la necesidad de la inversión pública en salud y protección social; la segunda se centra en datos recientes sobre acceso de la infancia a seguros y protección social en el ámbito global; la tercera analiza las limitaciones para medir el impacto de la inversión en mortalidad infantil; la cuarta describe la distribución de la inversión pública en protección social y salud; y la quinta evalúa el impacto de la cobertura de seguros y de la inversión pública en la salud infantil. Finalmente, se plantean desafíos y direcciones para futuras investigaciones en el área.
¿Se adapta el bienestar subjetivo ante situaciones de pobreza multidimensional? Estudio longitudinal para un grupo de adolescentes en un país de ingresos medios
Authors: Clausen Jhonatan , Barrantes Nicolas , Matos Paulo
Published: November 2024

Exploramos la adaptación del bienestar subjetivo ante la pobreza multidimensional utilizando datos longitudinales de adolescentes en Perú, un país de ingresos medios. Específicamente, empleamos datos de cuatro rondas de la base de datos de panel del proyecto Young Lives, realizadas en 2002, 2006, 2009 y 2013, para evaluar en qué medida los adolescentes peruanos que viven en pobreza multidimensional adaptan su evaluación subjetiva global de la vida frente a la situación de privación que experimentan. Utilizamos la escala de Cantril como indicador de bienestar subjetivo y medimos la pobreza multidimensional a partir de nueve dimensiones, operacionalizadas mediante un indicador de privación cada una. Encontramos que quienes experimentan una mayor cantidad de privaciones presentan menores niveles de bienestar subjetivo, y que quienes salen de la pobreza de un periodo a otro presentan mayores niveles de bienestar subjetivo que quienes se mantienen en pobreza en dos periodos consecutivos. Esto da cuenta de que los adolescentes incluidos en el estudio no adaptan sus evaluaciones subjetivas del bienestar ante las situaciones de pobreza multidimensional que enfrentan. Este hallazgo es consistente con lo encontrado por estudios similares realizados en otros países de América Latina como Chile o Uruguay. De manera complementaria, usamos un índice de riqueza que refleja las condiciones de vida en tres dimensiones y encontramos que quienes caen en pobreza de un periodo a otro tienen menores niveles de bienestar que quienes permanecen en pobreza en dos periodos consecutivos. Esto podría reflejar cierto grado de adaptación en quienes experimentan privaciones que perduran en el tiempo. Nuestro estudio es el primero en explorar la adaptación del bienestar subjetivo ante la pobreza multidimensional, entendida de manera comprehensiva, en un país de ingresos medios haciendo uso de datos longitudinales.
Evaluación del estado nutricional de niños y niñas qom y wichí de Formosa, Argentina
Authors: Olmedo Sofía Irene , Martin Melanie , Valeggia Claudia Rita
Published: November 2024

En este trabajo se presentan resultados sobre el estado nutricional en comunidades qom y wichí de la provincia de Formosa. Nuestro enfoque se enmarca en la antropología biológica e intenta entender el crecimiento infantil como un resultado del diálogo entre lo biológico y lo sociocultural. Los qom y los wichí son pueblos originarios de la región del Gran Chaco cuyo estilo de vida era tradicionalmente cazador-recolector. En la actualidad, estas comunidades se encuentran en franco proceso de transición económica, sociocultural, demográfica y epidemiológica. El actual trabajo se ha centrado en una población peri-urbana qom de la ciudad de Formosa y poblaciones rurales qom y wichí del oeste formoseño, la muestra está constituida por lactantes y niños y niñas hasta los 18 años. En general, los lactantes qom, quienes en su gran mayoría son amamantados exclusivamente hasta los 6 meses, tienen una curva de crecimiento por encima de las curvas estándares de la OMS. Se observaron trayectorias de crecimiento diferentes entre los qom y los wichí. Si bien comparten la misma ecología y relativa condición socioeconómica, los niños y niñas wichí tienden a tener índices más desfavorables de crecimiento. En esta oportunidad se hará referencia a posibles interpretaciones evolutivas y biosociales para entender estas diferencias en las trayectorias de crecimiento e incorporará datos etnográficos relevantes para entender los patrones actuales de crecimiento.
JEEVAMRUT A Natural Growth Booster for Plant
Authors:   Department of Agriculture, Bhai Gurdas Degree College, Sangrur, Punjab, India, Singh Gurpreet
Published: November 2024

In the realm of agriculture and gardening, the quest for sustainable and eco-friendly solutions to enhance plant growth and health has led to the rediscovery of traditional practices. One such practice gaining traction is the use of Jeevamrut, a natural growth booster for plants with its roots deep in Indian agricultural heritage. Derived from ancient wisdom and adapted to modern agricultural needs, Jeevamrut offers a holistic approach to plant nutrition and soil health. This article aims to explore the concept of Jeevamrut, its composition, benefits, and application in contemporary farming practices.
Innovative Approaches to Sustainable Agriculture: Ensuring Food Security and Environmental Health
Authors:   University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Ahmad Muhammad
Published: November 2024

Sustainable agriculture has become vital for supplying the world's increasing demand for food in the future. While ensuring food supply, this technique addresses decreased biodiversity, loss of resources, and global warming. Some practices like Crop Rotation, Integrated Pest Control, and Precision Land and Water Management increase yields while preserving the environment and other resources. Precision farming and remote sensing improve soil health and crop production. Cover crops, organic farming, and efficient irrigation improve soil and save water. Sustainable agriculture requires teamwork to reach its potential. To secure food security for future generations, governments, researchers, and stakeholders must support these practices.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Salmonella Sp. pada Marmut yang Dipelihara Masyarakat Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Admi Masda , Maharani Chendini , Erina Erina
Published: November 2024

Marmut yang dipelihara masyarakat sebagai hewan kesayangan berpotensi menimbulkan diare karena terinfeksi bakteri Sallmonella sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri Salmonella sp. pada marmut yang dipelihara masyarakat Kecamatan Syiah Kuala, Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan sebanyak lima ekor marmut yang berusia 2-8 bulan dengan bobot 500-700 g, marmot diusap/swab pada rektum dan dimasukkan kedalam media Selenite Cystein Broth (SCB) sebagai media pertumbuhan, diisolasi dengan media Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA) untuk mendapatkan koloni terpisah serta dilakukan pewarnaan Gram dan uji biokimia guna mengidentifikasi bakteri yang terdapat pada rektum marmut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan warna menjadi orange dan kekeruhan pada media Selenite Cystein Broth (SCB), terdapat koloni bakteri berwarna merah muda pada media Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA) serta Gram negatif berbentuk batang. Hasil identifikasi secara uji biokimia menunjukkan bakteri Salmonella typhi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada marmut sehat secara klinis yang dipelihara masyarakat Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh dapat diisolasikan S. typhi.
Profil Biokimia Darah Kuda yang Terlacak Berpenyakit Surra di Sumba Timur, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia
Authors: Darmawan Nyoman Sadra , Apsari Ida Ayu Pasti , Mahardika I Gede , Praing Umbu Yabu Anggung , Anggreni Luh Dewi
Published: November 2024

Penyakit surra atau trypanosomiasis pada hewan disebabkan oleh protozoa Trypanosoma evansi. Di Indonesia, surra telah ditetapkan sebagai salah satu penyakit hewan menular strategis. Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur, selain merupakan daerah sentra peternakan di Indonesia, juga dikenal sebagai daerah endemik surra, sehingga perlu mendapat perhatian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil biokimia darah kuda yang terinfeksi trypanosoma di Kabupaten Sumba Timur. Parameter yang diamati adalah kadar glukosa darah, total protein, creatinin, alanine transminase (ALT) dan aspartate transminase (AST). Sampel dikoleksi dari kuda yang dipelihara masyarakat di Kabupaten Sumba Timur. Pemeriksaan biokimia darah menggunakan alat Photometer 5010 V5+. Glukosa darah diperiksa dengan metode GOD-PAP deproteinasi; total protein dengan test photometry colorimetric; creatinine dengan metode Jaffe - prosedur fixed time kinetic; ALT dan AST dengan metode kinetik, UV Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rataan biokimia darah kuda sumba yang terinfeksi trypanosoma adalah: glukosa (68,17 ± 5,11 mg/dL); protein (5,417 ± 1,82 g/dL); creatinine (1,74 ± 0,39 mg/dL); ureum (28,93 ± 6,26 mg/dL); AST (357,00 ± 117,02 U/L); dan ALT (20,17 ± 6,30 U/L). Rataan biokimia darah kuda sumba yang tidak terinfeksi trypanosoma adalah: glukosa (99,00 ± 14,96 mg/dL); protein (7,20 ± 1,72 g/dL); creatinine (1,55 ± 0,51 mg/dL); ureum (28,13 ± 6,88 mg/dL); AST (312,83 ± 94,42 U/L); dan ALT (23.33 ± 9,45 U/L). Rataan kadar glukosa darah kuda yang terinfeksi T. evansi lebih rendah (P<0,01) dibandingkan dengan glukosa darah pada kuda yang tidak terinfeksi. Selain kadar glukosa darah, semua parameter yang diamati masih dalam rentang nilai normal
The Theological Imperative of Marine Ecosystem Conservation via Mangrove Forest Preservation: A Study of the Social Construction of Kyai Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah
Authors: Fannani Bakhruddin , Ma’arif A. Samsul
Published: November 2024

This article analyzes the theological urgency of preserving marine ecosystems through mangrove forest conservation in a study of the social construction of Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah Kyai in Ujungpangkah District, Gresik. Social construction theory plays an important role in shaping society's views on the need to protect the marine environment, which is increasingly threatened by the pace of industrialization. Using the social construction theory framework by Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann, this research analyzes how Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah Kyai construct a theology of marine ecosystem conservation and connect it with mangrove forest conservation. Data was collected through interviews and content analysis of lectures and religious literature through a qualitative approach. The research results reveal that Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah Kyai have formed a social construction that prioritizes theological values ​​in the context of environmental conservation, especially marine ecosystems through mangrove forest conservation. This construction provides a spiritual and moral foundation for society in the face of ecological change and rapid industrialization. This research provides new insight into the potential role of religion in environmental conservation and provides an in-depth view of the urgency of mangrove forest conservation from the perspective of the social construction of Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah Kyai.
Legal Consequences of Establishing the Civil Rights of Illegitimate Children from the Progressive Fiqh Perspective
Authors: Fajarwati Hiba , Nur Iffatin , Hidayat Fatkul
Published: November 2024

This study was motivated by a phenomenon that contrasts with justice for children, especially adulterous or born-out-of-wedlock children who cannot receive their basic rights, which should become both parents' responsibilities to fulfill. The responsibilities include the right to get recognition as children, to have their daily life needs fulfilled, to be protected, and to be legally borne. In addition, there is a phenomenon that the children do not get guardianship and inheritance rights. This problem needs to be revealed through a study using a qualitative method with a multi-site model. The research location is at the cities’ religious courts of Mojokerto, Malang, and Surabaya. Through a comprehensive study, it was found that 1) juridical implications of determining the civil rights of born-out-of-wedlock children at the Religious Courts of Mojokerto, Malang, and Surabaya showed that they have not been able to accommodate the principle of justice and the best interests of the child and have not fully implemented the principle of legal progress and 2) from the progressive fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) perspective, legislative decisions, and juridical implications of determining born-out-of-wedlock children at the related Courts require renewal to formulate a proof mechanism of istilḥāq (children origin determination) and strengthen the Courts to carry out istilḥāq based on justice.
Effect of Clinical Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyle in Treating Symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Naji Taha , Salim Somiya Gutbi , Ali Manal Abdeen M. , Muthanna Fares F.M , Saeed Mohammed Ali Ahmed , Abdulghani Mahfoudh AM
Published: November 2024

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women and is associated with both reproductive and metabolic disorders, affecting about one in every 15 women worldwide. This study was done in two parts, the descriptive part and the experimental part, during the period (November 2020- February 2021).
Objective: the objective of this study was to know the spread of PCOS in the University of Sciences and Technology, Aden, Yemen and to assess the effect of clinical nutrition and healthy lifestyle in women with PCOS.
Method:  The blood was withdrawn from the sample of the study and transferred to the Almadeinah Medical center to measurement the hormones (FSH - LH) and also  sample of blood transferred to the laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at the University of Science and Technology, Aden, Yemen to measurement CBC.
Results: In this study, we selected 60 girl and recorded 16 cases of have been suffered of polycystic ovaries , this number form about 26.7% of the total cases.
At the end of the study, results showed a statistically significant progress at      (P=> 0.05) in alleviating some symptoms associated with PCOS such as hair dropping (P= 0.024), acne (P= 0.002), and menstrual days (P= 0.002), with a marked improvement in the level of hormones (FSH - LH) and the level of CBC (HB – WBC – Platelet) in the groups that underwent clinical nutrition, but with no significant differences.
Conclusion: Healthy life style can be a good alternative for medications in women with PCOS..
Abscisic acid driven stomatal closure during drought in anisohydric Fagus sylvatica
Authors: Kane Cade , McAdam Scott
Published: November 2024

Stomatal closure limits transpiration during drought, restricting water potential decline and delaying the onset of embolism. While critical for ensuring survival during drought, the mechanisms driving stomatal closure during drought remain equivocal.  The hormone abscisic acid (ABA) will close stomata in seed plants and is synthesized as leaf turgor declines.  ABA driven stomatal closure during drought is particularly apparent in species that are more isohydric.  In contrast, in species that have a more anisohydric response to drought, like Fagus sylvatica, the importance of ABA in driving stomatal closure during drought is often overlooked or excluded, in place of a hypothesized passive, water potential driven stomatal closure. Here we investigated whether ABA drives stomata closure during a mid-summer drought in field grown F. sylvatica. We found that as leaf water potential declines during a drought, foliage abscisic acid (ABA) levels increase considerably and stomata close. ABA levels in leaves increase as water potentials decline to within 0.3 MPa of turgor loss point, when stomata close.  Foliage ABA levels correlate with stomatal conductance throughout a drought and post-drought period.  From these results we argue that it is hard to exclude increased ABA levels driving stomatal closure during drought in the anisohydric species F. sylvatica.
Resolving micro-scale water potential gradients within leaves
Authors: Buckley Thomas , Sack Lawren
Published: November 2024

Many questions in leaf physiology, from mechanisms of water transport and stomatal responses to interpretation of gas exchange measurements, hinge on distributions of water potential among compartments in the leaf. A new tool, AquaDust, offers the possibility of quantifying those distributions at unprecedentedly small scales of organization
Comprehensive Assessment of Lifetime Cigarette Smoking and Its Association with Health- Related Quality of Life among Older US Adults—A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sargent James D. , Ozga Jenny E. , Stanton Cassandra A. , Tang Zhiqun , Paulin Laura M.
Published: November 2024

Background: Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Studies to date have not used comprehensive measures of tobacco exposures across the life course. We examined the association between a lifetime cigarette smoke exposure index (LCSEI) and HRQOL among older US adults.
Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of N=7,001 U.S. adults ≥40y from Wave 5(2018-19) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. The 11-point LCSEI included heaviness of current smoking, pack-years, childhood smoking, and second-hand smoke exposure. HRQOL measures included PROMIS global physical and mental health (GPH, GMH) scores. We estimated the independent association between LCSEI scores and mean GPH or GMH separately using multivariable linear regression adjusted for sociodemographics, body mass index, geographic location, and weekly exercise.
Results: Sociodemographics were reflective of the US population over 40 years; 6.7% smoked during childhood, and 16.9% currently smoked (2.1% <10cig/d, 4.8% 11-20 cig/d, and 10.0% >20 cig/d). Mean (std dev) for the LCSEI, GPH and GMH were 2.4 (2.9), 14.8 (3.1), and 14.5 (3.3) respectively, and 15% had LCSEI scores of 5 or more. In the multivariable analysis, the LCSEI retained a strong association with GPH and GMH, -0.20 (-0.23, -0.17) and -0.22 (-0.25, -0.18) respectively for each 1-point increase in the LCSEI. The LCSEI—HRQOL associations over its 11-point range (-2.14 GPH, -2.16 GMH) were significantly higher than for education (-0.44 and -0.77) and about 30% higher than for the negative influence of poverty (<25K/yr) vs. affluence (>=100K/yr) (-1.61 and -1.65). Sensitivity analysis found that associations remained significant even after further adjustment for smoking-related diseases.
Conclusion: In this US sample, associations between life course cigarette smoking and both physical and mental health were as strong as associations that contrasted extremes of socioeconomic status.
Individual approach to the treatment of patients with stage III–IV laryngeal and laryngopharyngeal cancer in the Altai territory
Authors: Frolova A. A. , Petrikov A. S. , Glickenfreud G. M. , Vikhlyanov I. V. , Glotov S. S. , Sharobarova T. V.
Published: November 2024

Laryngeal and laryngopharyngeal cancer is the most common malignancy within the head and neck. Although there are many treatments for laryngeal and laryngopharyngeal cancer, the treatment still faces great challenging.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized treatment and one-year recurrence-free survival in patients with stage III–IV laryngeal and laryngopharyngeal, including postoperative complications (VTE, bleeding) within a year.

Material and Methods. From July 2022 to October 2023, 100 patients with stage III–IV laryngeal and laryngopharyngeal cancer were treated in the Department of Head and Neck Tumors at the Altai Regional Oncology Center (AROC), Barnaul. There were 95 men (95 %) and 5 women (5 %). Patients were divided into two groups. Group I patients (n=50) with locally advanced laryngeal cancer underwent laryngectomy followed by radiation therapy with a total dose of 54 Gy delivered to the bed of the removed tumor and lymph node drainage region. Group II patients (n=50) received 3 courses of chemotherapy followed by radiation therapy at a dose of 70–74 Gy.

Results. In group I patients, clinically insignifcant bleeding from the upper third of the trachea (in the area of contact with the tracheostomy tube) was observed in 3 patients (6.0 %) 3–4 days after surgery. No VTE during hospital stay and within 6–12 months after completion of treatment was observed. The 1-year cumulative survival rate in this group of patients was 90.0 %. In group II patients receiving chemotherapy, bleeding from a pharyngeal tumor was detected in 4 (8.0 %) patients. There were no signs of VTEO in this group. The 1-year cumulative survival rate of these patients was 70 %.

Conclusion. Patients with laryngeal/laryngopharyngeal cancer require an individual approach not only in determining therapeutic strategies, but also in the prevention of VTE and hemorrhagic complications.
Pancreatic ductual carcinoma with isolated liver metastases: is it worth performing surgical resection?
Authors: Egorov V. I. , Kotelnikov A. G. , Kantieva D. M. , Bazin I. S.
Published: November 2024

Pancreatic ductal cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancy with a high incidence of advanced stages at the time of diagnosis and unsatisfactory long-term treatment results. It is believed that pancreatic ductal cancer in the presence of distant metastases identified at the stage of intraoperative revision or before surgery is a contraindication to surgical treatment. There is currently renewed interest in surgical treatment of patients with oligometastatic pancreatic cancer.

Material and Methods. The search for sources was carried out in the PubMed and Elibrary systems from January 1995 to January 2024. Of the 1321 sources found, 37 were used to write the review. Data from both retrospective and prospective clinical studies that focused on the results of combined modality treatment of pancreatic cancer with isolated liver metastases were included.

Results. To date, a standard treatment strategy for patients with oligometastatic pancreatic cancer has not yet been established; there are no definitive criteria for selecting patients who may benefit from surgical treatment. The current selection criteria for surgery for metastatic pancreatic cancer are far from ideal, extremely heterogeneous and, as a rule, are based only on certain clinical and instrumental data. The starting point for developing selection criteria for surgical treatment of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer is a common understanding of what “oligometastatic pancreatic cancer” is.
Pathogenetic and clinical signifcance of EpCАM expression features in tumors and circulating tumor cells
Authors: Perelmuter V. M. , Tashireva L. A. , Grigoryeva E. S. , Alifanov V. V. , Pudova E. S. , Buzenkova A. V. , Zavyalova M. V. , Cherdyntseva N. V.
Published: November 2024

Purpose of the study: to summarize the available data on the structure and function of EpCAM and its domains, their roles in promoting proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), contributing to cell stemness, and facilitating interactions with cell adhesion and invasion molecules.

Material and Methods. A comprehensive search was conducted for articles in Russian and English within the scientifc databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and E-library. A total of seventy-nine articles ranging from 1996 to 2024 were utilized to compile this review.

Results. This review summarized the pathogenetic and clinical signifcance of various EpCAM expression variants: EpCAM^high, EpCAM^low, and EpCAM^loss. It described the causes and mechanisms behind the loss of membrane EpCAM expression, each holding distinct biological and clinical implications. Features of EpCAM expression in normal epithelial tissues, during regeneration, and in dysplasia/ neoplasia as well as carcinomas were carefully outlined. The clinical implications of EpCAM expression remain a subject of debate; overexpression of EpCAM has been linked to both unfavorable and favorable prognoses. Special emphasis was placed on the expression variants of EpCAM in circulating tumor cells, disseminated cells, and carcinoma metastases.

Conclusion. The pathogenetic and clinical signifcance of EpCAM expression in various nosological forms of carcinoma is complex and multifaceted. Weak expression or absence of EpCAM acts as independent factors infuencing the unique progression patterns of these diseases. Achieving a deeper understanding of the role of EpCAM in disease progression necessitates the simultaneous examination of both its extracellular and intracellular domains.