bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of fluctuating pressure gradient on the coalescence of Taylor bubble
Authors: Zhang Ying , Gao Hui , Liu Qiang , Yao Mengjun , Bao Jin , Xu Meng
Published: October 2020

The oscillatory coalescence phenomenon of the Taylor bubble flow subjected to the action of a fluctuating pressure gradient in a pulsating heat pipe was investigated using the front tracking method (FTM). The effects of amplitude and frequency of fluctuating pressure, bubble size, Reynolds number (Re), and Weber number (We) on the bubble coalescence process were studied. The results demonstrated that the lower the pulsation frequency, the longer the period of bubble oscillation, which could provide enough time for bubbles to drain and promoted the coalescence of the bubbles. The larger Euler number (Eu) was, the more easily bubbles coalesced. On the contrary, when Eu was small, the bubbles were slow to coalesce. The size of the top bubble and the bottom bubble had different effects on coalescence. An increase of the length of the top bubble (Lt) was beneficial to bubble coalescence while increasing the length of the bottom bubble (Lb) restrained bubble coalescence. Time required for bubble coalescence increased with the increase of Re and decreased with increasing We.
Hawking radiation of Reissner–Nordström–de Sitter black hole with a global monopole derived from modified Hamilton–Jacobi equation
Authors: Liu Zhi-E , Tan Xia , Liu Yu-Zhen , Sha Bei , Zhang Jie , Yang Shu-Zheng
Published: October 2020

The tunneling characteristics at the cosmological and event horizons of Reissner–Nordström–de Sitter black hole with a global monopole are studied by using the modified Lorentz violation scalar field equation in curved space–time. Firstly, we get the modified Hamilton–Jacobi equation using the semi-classical approximation, then the Hawking radiation and thermodynamical properties of Reissner–Nordström–de Sitter black hole with a global monopole are computed based on the modified Hamilton–Jacobi equation. Our results show that Lorentz violation can lead to lower Hawking temperature and higher entropy of the black hole at the same time. This work improves the understanding of the physical nature of Lorentz violation in curved space–time.
Study of dynamics of the process $$e^+e^-\rightarrow \pi ^+\pi ^-\pi ^0$$ in the energy range 1.15–2.00 GeV
Authors: Achasov M. N. , Barnyakov A. Yu. , Baykov A. A. , Beloborodov K. I. , Berdyugin A. V. , Berkaev D. E. , Bogdanchikov A. G. , Botov A. A. , Dimova T. V. , Druzhinin V. P. , Golubev V. B. , Kirpotin A. N. , Kardapoltsev L. V. , Kasaev A. S. , Kharlamov A. G. , Koop I. A. , Korol A. A. , Kovrizhin D. P. , Kupich A. S. , Martin K. A. , Melnikova N. A. , Muchnoy N. Yu. , Obrazovsky A. E. , Pakhtusova E. V. , Pugachev K. V. , Rabusov D. V. , Rogovsky Yu. A. , Savchenko Y. S. , Senchenko A. I. , Serednyakov S. I. , Shatilov D. N. , Shatunov Yu. M. , Shtol D. A. , Shwartz D. B. , Silagadze Z. K. , Surin I. K. , Timoshenko M. V. , Usov Yu. V. , Zhabin V. N. , Zhulanov V. V.
Published: October 2020

The dynamics of the process$$ e^+e^- \rightarrow \pi ^+\pi ^-\pi ^0 $$e+e-→π+π-π0is studied in the energy region from 1.15 to 2.00 GeV using data accumulated with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000$$e^+e^-$$e+e-collider. The Dalitz plot distribution and$$\pi ^+\pi ^-$$π+π-mass spectrum are analyzed in a model including the intermediate states$$\rho (770)\pi $$ρ(770)π,$$\rho (1450)\pi $$ρ(1450)π, and$$\omega \pi ^0$$ωπ0. As a result, the energy dependences of the$$\rho (770)\pi $$ρ(770)πand$$\rho (1450)\pi $$ρ(1450)πcross sections and the relative phases between the$$\rho (770)\pi $$ρ(770)πamplitude and the$$\rho (1450)\pi $$ρ(1450)πand$$\omega \pi ^0$$ωπ0amplitudes are obtained. The$$\rho (1450)\pi $$ρ(1450)πcross section has a peak in the energy region of the$$\omega (1650)$$ω(1650)resonance (1.55–1.75 GeV). In this energy range the contributions of the$$\rho (770)\pi $$ρ(770)πand$$\rho (1450)\pi $$ρ(1450)πstates are of the same order of magnitude. No resonance structure near 1.65 GeV is observed in the$$\rho (770)\pi $$ρ(770)πcross section. We conclude that the intermediate state$$\rho (1450)\pi $$ρ(1450)πgives a significant contribution to the decay of$$\omega (1650)\rightarrow \pi ^+\pi ^-\pi ^0$$ω(1650)→π+π-π0, whereas the$$\rho (770)\pi $$ρ(770)πmechanism dominates in the decay$$\omega (1420)\rightarrow \pi ^+\pi ^-\pi ^0$$ω(1420)→π+π-π0.
Effect of back reaction on light quark energy loss in heavy quark cloud
Authors: Zhang Zi-qiang , Hou De-fu
Published: October 2020

We study the effect of back reaction on the energy loss of light quarks in strongly coupled $${\mathcal {N}}=4$$

N
=
4

supersymmetric Yang–Mills (SYM) plasma, by using the AdS/CFT correspondence. We perform the analysis within falling string and shooting string approaches, respectively. It is shown that the back reaction, arising from the presence of static heavy quarks uniformly distributed over SYM, enhances the energy loss, in agreement with the findings of the drag force and jet quenching parameter.
Human biases in body measurement estimation
Authors: Martynov Kirill , Garimella Kiran , West Robert
Published: October 2020

Body measurements, including weight and height, are key indicators of health. Being able to visually assess body measurements reliably is a step towards increased awareness of overweight and obesity and is thus important for public health. Nevertheless it is currently not well understood how accurately humans can assess weight and height from images, and when and how they fail. To bridge this gap, we start from 1,682 images of persons collected from the Web, each annotated with the true weight and height, and ask crowd workers to estimate the weight and height for each image. We conduct a faceted analysis taking into account characteristics of the images as well as the crowd workers assessing the images, revealing several novel findings: (1) Even after aggregation, the crowd’s accuracy is overall low. (2) We find strong evidence of contraction bias toward a reference value, such that the weight of light people and the height of short people are overestimated, whereas the weight of heavy people and the height of tall people are underestimated. (3) We estimate workers’ individual reference values using a Bayesian model, finding that reference values strongly correlate with workers’ own height and weight, indicating that workers are better at estimating people similar to themselves. (4) The weight of tall people is underestimated more than that of short people; yet, knowing the height decreases the weight error only mildly. (5) Accuracy is higher on images of females than of males, but female and male workers are no different in terms of accuracy. (6) Crowd workers improve over time if given feedback on previous guesses. Finally, we explore various bias correction models for improving the crowd’s accuracy, but find that this only leads to modest gains. Overall, this work provides important insights on biases in body measurement estimation as obesity-related conditions are on the rise.
Exorcising ghosts in quantum gravity
Authors: Kuntz Iberê
Published: October 2020

We remark that Ostrogradsky ghosts in higher-derivative gravity, with a finite number of derivatives, are fictitious as they result from an unjustified truncation performed in a complete theory containing infinitely many curvature invariants. The apparent ghosts can then be projected out of the quadratic gravity spectrum by redefining the boundary conditions of the theory in terms of an integration contour that does not enclose the ghost poles. This procedure does not alter the renormalizability of the theory. One can thus use quadratic gravity as a quantum field theory of gravity that is both renormalizable and unitary.
Modeling and analyzing a public opinion influence method with K-adaboost
Authors: Yuan Sida
Published: October 2020

In order to solve the low efficiency of public opinion influence analysis of social media, a new public opinion influence algorithm K-adaboost has been proposed in this paper according to adaboost and K-means algorithms. We first group the training samples and calculate the clustering center of all types of users in the group using the K-means algorithm, and then train the weak classifier of public opinion data and confirm the influence of public opinion on all types of users using the adaboost algorithm, so as to get the total influence of public opinions. Finally, we compare and analyze the performance of K-adaboost, K-means and adaboost algorithms through simulation experiments. The results show that K-adaboost has good adaptability in convergence time and accuracy.
Blind quantum computation with hybrid model
Authors: Zeng Xiaodan , Tan Xiaoqing , Xu Qingshan , Huang Rui
Published: October 2020

Blind quantum computation (BQC) allows a client who has a few quantum abilities to interact and delegate her quantum computation to a server that has strong quantum computabilities, while the server learns nothing about client’s quantum inputs, algorithms, and outputs. In this article, a new BQC protocol with hybrid model is proposed, using the combination of rotation operators to construct arbitrary quantum gate. Our BQC protocol is divided into two phases. In the first phase, a new kind of function operation is designed and defined, that is, the client sends the classical message [Formula: see text] to the server and then the sever performs a corresponding function operation [Formula: see text], which has been defined. In the second phase, a rotation operator or identity operator is implemented by quantum gate teleportation where the server can’t know which quantum gate has been teleported. Combining these two phases, the server has no idea about client’s quantum algorithms. When the server performs the corresponding operation honestly, the client only needs to perform [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] operators.
Legal Judgment Prediction Based on Multiclass Information Fusion
Authors: Zhu Kongfan , Guo Rundong , Hu Weifeng , Li Zeqiang , Li Yujun
Published: October 2020

Legal judgment prediction (LJP), as an effective and critical application in legal assistant systems, aims to determine the judgment results according to the information based on the fact determination. In real-world scenarios, to deal with the criminal cases, judges not only take advantage of the fact description, but also consider the external information, such as the basic information of defendant and the court view. However, most existing works take the fact description as the sole input for LJP and ignore the external information. We propose a Transformer-Hierarchical-Attention-Multi-Extra (THME) Network to make full use of the information based on the fact determination. We conduct experiments on a real-world large-scale dataset of criminal cases in the civil law system. Experimental results show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art LJP methods on all judgment prediction tasks.
Clinical Significance of the Interaction between Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Type 16 and Other High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses in Women with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) and Invasive Cervical Cancer
Authors: Spinillo Arsenio A. , Dominoni Mattia M. , Boschi Anna A. C. , Sosso Cecilia C. , Fiandrino Giacomo G. , Cesari Stefania S. , Gardella Barbara B.
Published: October 2020

The aim is to evaluate the clinical consequences of coinfection between HPV 16 and other high-risk HPVs among women with a histological diagnosis of CIN or invasive cervical cancer. A total of 2985 women, with a diagnosis of either CIN or cancer (<IB) on cervical or cone biopsy, were included. HPV genotypes were identified using the INNO-LiPA HPV genotyping assay, version EXTRA, on cervical scraping, before the colposcopic evaluation and the colposcopic biopsies or conization. In the overall population, HPV16 interacted positively with HPV18 (RR = 2, 95% CI 1.5–2.6) and negatively with HPV33, 51, 52, and 66, in log-linear analysis. There was an excess of CIN3 diagnoses among subjects coinfected with HPV16 and HPV18 or HPV52, although the absolute number of cases was relatively small. In a logistic model, the odds ratio of CIN3+ associated with coinfection of HPV16 and HPV18 (OR = 3.8, 95% CI 2.5–5.7,

p
=
0.004

compared to single HPV16) or HPV52 (OR = 3.6, 95% CI 2.6–5.1,

p
=
0.009

compared to single HPV) was higher than that associated with single HPV 16 infections. Finally, multiple infections had no effect on residual disease and did not influence the recurrence of high-grade CIN during a median follow-up of 25 months (IR 17–41). HPV16 interacted positively with HPV18 and negatively with HPV33, 51, 52, and 66 supporting the notion that HPV16 interacts mostly negatively with other HR-HPVs in CIN lesions. Among specimens coinfected with HPV16 and 18 or 52, there was an excess of CIN3+ although the impact on the prevalence of severe cervical lesions was limited.
Fabrication of Ceramsite Adsorbent from Industrial Wastes for the Removal of Phosphorus from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Yin Yue , Xu Gaoyang , Li Linlin , Xu Yuxing , Zhang Yihan , Liu Changqing , Zhang Zhibin
Published: October 2020

A more applicable adsorbent was fabricated using industrial wastes such as red mud, fly ash, and riverbed sediments. The heavy metal inside the raw materials created metal hydroxy on the adsorbent surface that offered elevated adsorption capacity for phosphorus. The required equilibrium time for the adsorption is only 10 min. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was 9.84 mg·g−1 inferred from the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Higher solution pH favored phosphorus adsorption. Kinetics study showed that the adsorption could be better fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The presence of coexisting anions had no significant adverse impact on phosphorus removal. The speciation of the adsorbed phosphorus indicated that the adsorption to iron and aluminum is the dominating adsorption mechanism. Moreover, a dynamic adsorption column experiment showed that, under a hydraulic time of 10 min, more than 80% of the phosphorus in the influent was removed and the surplus phosphorus concentration was close to 0.1 mg L−1. The water quality after adsorption revealed its applicability in real treatment. Consequently, the adsorbent synthesized from industrial wastes is efficient and applicable due to the high efficiency of phosphorus removal and eco-friendly behavior in solutions.
Comparing Mortality Risk Predictive Ability of Different Scoring Systems in Cirrhotic Patients with Bacteremia
Authors: Hung Chi-Chieh , Hsu Yin-Chou , Lin Kuo-Hsuan
Published: October 2020

Patients with liver cirrhosis and bacteremia have substantially higher risk of mortality and morbidity. Our study aimed to investigate scoring systems that can predict the mortality risk in patients with cirrhosis and bacteremia. A single-center, retrospective cohort study was performed among adult patients who visited the emergency department from January 2015 to December 2018. All patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis and bacteremia were enrolled and divided into survivor and nonsurvivor groups for comparison based on their 30-day in-hospital mortality event. The Pitt bacteremia score (PBS), model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, Child–Pugh score, and quick sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score were calculated and compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curves. A total of 127 patients (survivor: 86; nonsurvivor: 41) were eligible for this study. Compared with the nonsurvivor group, patients in the survivor group had significantly lower MELD score (22 ± 7 vs. 29 ± 5,

p
<
0.001

), lower proportion of high qSOFA (score ≥ 2) (23.3% vs. 51.2%,

p
<
0.01

), and high PBS (score ≥ 4) (7.0% vs. 34.1%,

p
<
0.001

) category. There was also a significantly different distribution in Child–Pugh classification between the two groups

p
<
0.01

. The survivor group had significantly lower proportion of acute-on-chronic liver failure (27.9% vs. 68.3%,

p
<
0.001

) and fewer number of organ failures

p
<
0.001

. In comparison of the discriminative ability in mortality risk prediction, PBS (AUROC = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.75–0.90,

p
<
0.001

) and MELD scores (AUROC = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.70–0.86,

p
<
0.001

) revealed a better predictive ability than Child–Pugh (AUROC = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.59–0.70,

p
<
0.01

) and qSOFA scores (AUROC = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.54–0.75,

p
<
0.01

). PBS and MELD scores both demonstrated a superior ability of predicting mortality risk in cirrhotic patients with bacteremia.
Alterations in the Blood Parameters and Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites during Pregnant and Lactating Stages in Bama Mini Pigs as a Model
Authors: Ma Cui , Gao QianKun , Zhang WangHong , Azad Md. Abul Kalam , Kong XiangFeng
Published: October 2020

This study was conducted to analyze plasma reproductive hormone and biochemical parameter changes, as well as fecal microbiota composition and metabolites in sows, at different pregnancy and lactation stages, using Bama mini pig as an experimental animal model. We found that plasma prolactin (PRL), progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estrogen levels decreased from day 45 to day 105 of pregnancy. Plasma total protein and albumin levels were lower in pregnant sows, while glucose, urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, as well as fecal acetate, butyrate, valerate, total short-chain fatty acids, skatole, and tyramine levels, were higher in lactating sows. Interestingly, the lactating sows showed lower α-diversity and Spirochaetes and Verrucomicrobia relative abundances, while pregnant sows showed a higher Proteobacteria relative abundance. Notably, the Akkermansia relative abundance was highest on day 7 of lactation. Spearman analysis showed a positive correlation between plasma triglyceride and cholinesterase levels and Akkermansia and Streptococcus relative abundances. Moreover, Oscillospira and Desulfovibrio relative abundances were also positively correlated with plasma FSH, LH, and E2 levels, as well as PRL and LH with Bacteroides. Collectively, plasma reproductive hormones, biochemical parameters, and fecal microbiota composition and metabolite levels could alter along with pregnancy and lactation, which might contribute to the growth and development demands of fetuses and newborns.
Prediction of Flight Time Deviation for Lithuanian Airports Using Supervised Machine Learning Model
Authors: Stefanovič Pavel , Štrimaitis Rokas , Kurasova Olga
Published: October 2020

In the paper, the flight time deviation of Lithuania airports has been analyzed. The supervised machine learning model has been implemented to predict the interval of time delay deviation of new flights. The analysis has been made using seven algorithms: probabilistic neural network, multilayer perceptron, decision trees, random forest, tree ensemble, gradient boosted trees, and support vector machines. To find the best parameters which give the highest accuracy for each algorithm, the grid search has been used. To evaluate the quality of each algorithm, the five measures have been calculated: sensitivity/recall, precision, specificity, F-measure, and accuracy. All experimental investigation has been made using the newly collected dataset from Lithuania airports and weather information on departure/landing time. The departure flights and arrival flights have been investigated separately. To balance the dataset, the SMOTE technique is used. The research results showed that the highest accuracy is obtained using the tree model classifiers and the best algorithm of this type to predict is gradient boosted trees.
Experimental Study on Bending Moment of Double‐Row Steel Pipe Piles in Foundation Excavation
Authors: Zhang Ming-yi , Ma Jia-xiao , Yang Shu-juan , Wang Yong-hong , Bai Xiao-yu , Sun Shao-xia
Published: October 2020

Double‐row steel pipe piles have been widely used in retaining and protection of foundation excavation because of the advantages of high bearing capacity, high flexural rigidity, fast construction speed, and so on. This study presents a field test to assess the feasibility of strain gauges in monitoring the strain of double‐row steel pipe piles during foundation excavation. Two steel pipe piles were instrumented with strain gauges and then installed into the drilling holes. The installation method of strain gauges is introduced first. Then, the bending moment of the test piles during the foundation excavation was analyzed. The field test results indicate that the survival rate of strain gauges was 100%, and the monitoring method used in the test was feasible to measure the bending moment of double‐row steel pipe piles. Moreover, with the increase in foundation excavation depth, the bending moment of the test piles all increased, and the bending moment of the inner pile was obviously higher than that of the outer pile. The bending moment distribution of the whole support system accords with the conventional pile‐anchor mode. The test results can provide reference and basis for the design and construction of double‐row steel pipe piles.
Influence of Wheat Flour Milling Yield on Physicochemical, Microbial, and Antioxidant Properties of Korea Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Jokyoung)
Authors: Kim Sang Sook , Byeon Yang Soo , Kim Mi Jeong , Lee Dabeen , Kwak Han Sub
Published: October 2020

The physicochemical, microbial, and antioxidant properties of a Korean wheat variety (Jokyoung) were measured according to milling yield (60–90%) by adding fractions from millstreams. As the milling yield increased, the wheat flour showed low quality on physicochemical properties in general. Significant differences in proximate analysis, color, solvent retention capacity, pasting property, and antioxidant activity were observed as the yield increased to maximize the production of wheat flour from wheat kernels. Adding clear flour and shorts did not significantly affect the quality of the wheat flour in comparison with straight flour samples. However, as brans were added to the flour portion, the wheat flour quality parameters decreased significantly in color, solvent retention capacity, and pasting properties. On the other hand, antioxidant properties increased as brans were added. Maximizing wheat flour yield is a key to minimizing the production cost of Korean wheat flour, which is approximately three times more expensive than imported wheat flour. Adding clear flour and a certain portion of shorts did not seem to significantly influence the overall quality of wheat flour from Korean domestic wheat variety.
Hito Steyerl: três capítulos de Arte “Duty Free”: Arte na Era da Guerra Civil Planetária
Authors: Steyerl Hito , Avelino Alex , Eiras Pinto Carolina , Ambrosio Cristina , Salem Felipe , Ussami Gabriel , Wagner Janaina , Naganuma Lucas , Andrada Pedro , Maia Victor
Published: October 2020

Hito Steyerl é artista, cineasta, escritora e professora de novas mídias na Universidade de Artes de Berlim. Sua produção investiga a circulação de imagens e informação digitais na contemporaneidade, refletindo criticamente acerca do mundo globalizado e suas perversidades. Com Arte “Duty Free”: Arte na Era da Guerra Civil Planetária (em tradução livre), Steyerl aborda, em quinze capítulos, questões fundamentais que orbitam a função da arte e suas contradições no século XXI, o que fica evidenciado no próprio título da obra: “duty free” é o paraíso sem impostos dos aeroportos e também uma liberação de dado dever da arte, seja ele político, moral, social ou qualquer outro. Arte “Duty Free” foi publicado em inglês em 2017 pela editora Verso.
Intelligentsia e práticas autobiográficas na Rússia: Passado e pensamentos de A. Herzen
Authors: Almeida Giuliana
Published: October 2020

A autobiografia é um gênero essencialmente histórico. Na Rússia, onde grandes transformações históricas coexistiram com um grupo excessivamente sensível à História (a intelligentsia), a tradição autobiográfica se tornou muito forte e arraigada. O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a tradição autobiográfica na Rússia e analisar um dos textos fundadores dessa tradição: Passado e pensamentos de A. Herzen
Apologia de um louco
Authors: Amon Théo
Published: October 2020

O texto a seguir trata-se de uma tradução integral de Apologie d'un fou (1836/7), que Piotr Tchaadáiev (1794–1856) redigiu após ter sido declarado oficialmente insano como represália à sua “Primeira carta filosófica” (1829). Nesta, de inspiração idealista e foco religioso, o autor defende a ideia de que a Rússia não tinha ainda uma história civilizacional própria, vivendo de importações precárias que não decorriam de um progresso moral e intelectual orgânico. Em tom fatalista, Tchaadáiev constatava que, prensada entre Europa e Ásia, a Rússia nada aprendera com o tempo. Ela seria uma nulidade cultural, retrógrada, em trágica solidão histórica. Sem um passado integrado à cristandade católica e ao desenvolvimento filosófico-político da Europa, a Rússia ainda estava de fora da cultura moderna do Ocidente. Inicialmente um manuscrito (em francês) com bastante circulação, esse texto acabou sendo publicado (1836), em tradução russa, no periódico O telescópio (Teleskop). O escândalo foi tamanho que a revista foi extinta, o editor, exilado, e o censor responsável, destituído. Tchaadáiev foi detido como louco, proibido de publicar, e por um mês foi obrigado a receber periodicamente a visita de um policial e um alienista para atestar que continuava insano e deveria seguir em prisão domiciliar. Apologia de um louco, escrita também em francês, aparentemente se tornaria um pequeno tratado de filosofia da história aplicada ao caso russo, no qual o autor retificaria posições extremas da Carta filosófica, mas também defenderia o fundamento do seu raciocínio e o desenvolveria em novas direções. Porém, a obra não evoluiu além do fragmento que aqui traduzimos, publicado postumamente em 1862. É um dos documentos fundamentais da futura polêmica entre eslavistas e ocidentalistas, que alternadamente reclamariam para si o impulso dado por Tchaadáiev.
A ressurreição da palavra
Authors: Mei Letícia , Marques Priscila Nascimento , Toledo Raquel
Published: October 2020

O ensaio “A ressurreição da palavra”, apresentado aqui em tradução inédita para o português, foi publicado em 1914 por Viktor Chklóvski. Neste texto, o autor discute o processo de “petrificação” – que culmina com a morte – das palavras. Esse fenômeno pode ser observado no uso cotidiano do epíteto, mas afeta também obras literárias inteiras, fazendo com que as palavras sejam apenas reconhecidas, e não efetivamente vistas, sentidas, seja em sua forma interna ou externa. A poesia futurista aparece como o experimento que pode de fato levar à renovação da arte verbal, e conduzir, enfim, à ressurreição da palavra.
O Formalismo Russo sob a lente de L. S. Vygótski: influência e crítica
Authors: Marques Priscila Nascimento
Published: October 2020

O artigo apresenta a discussão vygotskiana sobre as ideias do Formalismo Russo expostas no capítulo “Arte como procedimento”, do livro Psicologia da arte (de 1925). Trata-se de uma resposta crítica contemporânea ao desenvolvimento da escola. Apesar de dialogar mais intimamente com as vertentes marxistas do estudo da arte em sua obra, Vygótski faz uma crítica muito refinada, que ressalta o potencial da Escola Formal e, ao mesmo tempo, aponta suas contradições e limitações, sem que as mesmas invalidem a profunda inovação, muito cara a Vygótski, oferecida por vertente dos estudos literários.
Abstract 218: Magnesium Deficiency Causes Reversible Diastolic and Systolic Cardiomyopathies by Impairing Mitochondrial Function
Authors: Liu Man , Liu Hong , Xie An , Zhou Xiaoxu , Feng Feng , Dudley Samuel C
Published: October 2020

Introduction:
Hypomagnesemia is common in patients with diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure. A low circulating Mg level is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality, and conversely, dietary magnesium (Mg) intake is associated with a decreased risk of developing heart failure. In this study, we investigated whether Mg deficiency alone contributed to cardiomyopathy.

Methods:
C57BL/6J mice were fed with a low-Mg diet (low-Mg, 15-30 mg/kg Mg) or a normal Mg diet (nl-Mg, 600 mg/kg Mg) for 6 weeks. To test reversibility, half of the low-Mg mice were fed then with normal diet for another 6 weeks.

Results:
Mg deficiency increased mortality. The survival rate after 6-week low-Mg diet was 0 for female and 64.6% for male. Surviving male mice showed significantly decreased serum Mg (0.9±0.1 vs. 2.8±0.1 mg/dL for nl-Mg) and a reciprocal increase in serum Ca, K and Na. Mg deficiency was associated with a decreased ejection fraction (EF%, 39.8±1.9% vs. 52.0±1.7% of nl-Mg), diastolic dysfunction (E/e’: 21.1±1.1 vs. 15.4±0.4 of nl-Mg), and prolonged QTc intervals (55.1±0.8 vs. 46.0±1.2 ms of nl-Mg). At the cellular level, ATP, Ca transient amplitude, resting sarcomere length, and sarcomere shortening were all decreased significantly in low-Mg hearts. These changes were accompanied by significantly increased mitochondrial ROS production. Reintroduction of Mg normalized electrolytes, EF% (52.1±1.4%), E/e’ (15.3±0.7), QTc (49.4±1.7 ms) and cellular changes. SERCA2 was decreased, and oxidation of RyR2 and cardiac myosin binding protein C were increased in low-Mg hearts, all of which were reversed by Mg repletion.
In vivo
mitoTEMPO treatment on low-Mg mice (1 mg/kg/day IP injection for 2 weeks) improved the diastolic function (E/e’=16.7±2.0) and increased cellular ATP levels.

Conclusion:
Mg deficiency causes reversible diastolic and systolic cardiomyopathy associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. This cardiomyopathy may explain the relationship of hypomagnesemia and worsening heart failure. Mg intake reverses these changes, reinforcing the known correlation of increased Mg intake and reduced heart failure symptoms. In deficiency states, Mg supplementation may represent a novel treatment for both diastolic and systolic heart failure.
Abstract 252: Adhesion GPCR, Latrophilin-2 Induces Cardiac Differentiation Through CDK5, Contributing to Repair After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Cho Hyun-jai , Lee Choon-Soo , Lee Jin-Woo , Kim Hyo-Soo
Published: October 2020

There has been an increasing demand for cardiomyocyte (CMC) for research into cardiovascular disease and the toxicology of drug metabolites. We identified a G protein-coupled receptor, latrophilin-2 (Lphn2), as a functional marker for cardiomyogenic lineage cells during both
in vitro
differentiation from ESCs/iPSCs and
in vivo
heart development. Lphn2 was selectively expressed on CPCs and CMCs during the differentiation of mouse and human PSCs, and cell sorting with an anti-Lphn2 antibody promoted the isolation of populations highly enriched in CPCs and CMCs.
Lphn2
knock-down iPSCs did not express cardiac genes. Heterozygous
Lphn2
-KO mice (
Lphn2
+/-) were alive and fertile. Homozygous
Lphn2
-/- mice were embryonically lethal and showed underdevelopment of the ventricular myocardium. Interestingly, the hearts of
Lphn2
-/- embryos revealed the disrupted conotruncal septation of ventricles at E13.5. Lphn2 induces the expression of the central transcription factors Gata4, Nkx2.5, and Tbx5 in mouse heart development. The amino acid sequence of Lphn2 is highly conserved across humans and mice (95.8% identical). For the purpose of cardiac regeneration, we transplanted PSC-derived Lphn2+ cells into the infarcted heart. Transplantation of Lphn2+ cells significantly reduced the fibrosis area and length compared with those in the PBS-injected control group and Lphn2- cells. Echocardiography revealed significantly small LV dimensions at the systole and diastole, and the LV systolic function was higher in the Lphn2+ cell group than in the control and Lphn2- cell groups. To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the induction of cardiac differentiation by Lphn2, we used the Phospho Explorer Antibody Array, which encompasses nearly all known signaling pathways. Lphn2-dependent phosphorylation was strongest for CDK5 at Tyr15. We identified CDK5, Src, and P38MAPK as key downstream molecules of Lphn2. Our findings provide a valuable tool for identifying CPCs and CMCs differentiated from PSCs, as well as revealing novel insights into cardiac development. Furthermore, the results of this study could be of potential use in regenerative cell therapy for the restoration of cardiac muscle.

Funding Source: This study was supported by "Strategic Center of Cell and Bio Therapy for Heart, Diabetes & Cancer" (HI17C2085) through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute, funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea.
Abstract 292: Hypoxia Induced Formation of Immunoproteasome Instigates Rejection of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Ischemic Heart
Authors: Abu-El-Rub Ejlal , Yan Weiang , Sareen Niketa , Alagarsamy Keshav N , Rafieerad Alireza , Dhingra Sanjiv
Published: October 2020

Bone marrow derived allogeneic (donor derived) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered to be prominent cell type for cardiac repair following a damage due to ischemic heart disease. Even though the outcome of initial allogeneic MSCs based clinical trials was encouraging, the overall enthusiasm lately has declined due to poor survival of transplanted cells in the ischemic heart. We reported in a rat model of myocardial infarction that allogeneic-MSCs became immunogenic after 5 weeks of transplantation and were rejected by host immune system that led to poor survival of implanted cells. The immunoprivilege of MSCs is preserved by absence of cell surface antigen, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) - DRα. We found that in normoxic MSCs, 26S proteasome degrades HLA-DRα and maintains immunoprivilege of MSCs. The exposure to hypoxia leads to inactivation of 26S proteasome and formation of immunoproteasome in MSCs, which is associated with upregulation and activation of HLA-DRα, and as a result MSCs become immunogenic. Furthermore, inhibition of immunoproteasome formation in hypoxic MSCs preserves the immunoprivilege. Therefore, hypoxia induced shift in the phenotype of proteasome from 26S toward immunoproteasome triggers loss of immunoprivilege of allogeneic MSCs and rejection. In our ongoing studies we are investigating if preventing the formation of immunoproteasome would prevent rejection of allogeneic MSCs in the ischemic heart and improve survival of transplanted cells. The outcome of these studies may provide molecular targets to plan interventions to preserve immunoprivilege of allogeneic MSCs in the ischemic heart and improve benefits of allogeneic MSCs for cardiac repair.
Abstract 302: IL4Ra is Required for Cardiomyocyte Cell Cycle Activity and Cardiac Regeneration
Authors: Paddock Samantha J , Alencar Victor , Wodsedalek Dylan J , Omeara Caitlin
Published: October 2020

Introduction:
During the first week of life, neonatal mice are able to regenerate their hearts after injury with minimal scarring. Work from our lab demonstrates that IL13 signaling is required for neonatal heart regeneration, however multiple IL13 receptors exist. Here, we aim to identify the specific receptor ligand interaction that promotes regenerative healing in the heart.
In vitro
data suggests the IL4Ra/IL3Ra1 receptor heterodimer may mediate cardiomyocyte (CM) proliferation and heart regeneration. Thus, we aim to test the functional role of this receptor in cardiac regeneration
in vivo
. We hypothesize that IL13 signals through IL4Ra/IL13Ra1 directly on CMs to promote CM cell cycle activity and cardiac regeneration.

Methods:
To delineate IL13 signaling mechanisms in murine hearts, we utilized two knockouts of IL4Ra—global IL4Ra knockout (KO) and CM-specific IL4Ra knockout (IL4Ra
fl/fl
Myh6
CRE
) mice. To assess regeneration, mice received cardiac apical resection surgery at postnatal day 1 (P1). Regeneration was assessed by echocardiography and histological analysis of residual scars and CM proliferation indices. We next tested if IL13 administration could extend the regenerative window. We performed myocardial infarction (MI) on P7 mice and administered IL13 for two weeks. We assessed scar size through trichrome staining and CM cell cycle activity through immunostaining.

Results:
We observed impaired cardiac regeneration, determined by scar formation and decreased cardiac function in IL4Ra KO mice compared to littermate controls. Similar to global KOs, we observed decreased function in IL4Ra
fl/fl
Myh6
CRE
mice. IL13 administration to wildtype mice after P7 MI decreased MI severity and increased CM cell cycle activity, suggesting improved reparative capacity. Interestingly, IL13 administration in IL4Ra
fl/fl
Myh6
CRE
mice did not improve cardiac recovery phenotypes indicating that IL13 functions through IL4Ra directly on CMs to promote cardiac healing.

Conclusion:
These results demonstrate that the IL4Ra receptor subunit is required for cardiac regeneration, and activation of this receptor can extend the regenerative window. These findings lay the groundwork for potential therapeutic targets for promoting cardiac healing.
Abstract 334: Acute Effects of Nonexcitatory Electrical Stimulation During Systole in Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Feaster TK , Casciola Maura , Robertson Trent , Galappaththige Suran , Gray Richard A , Blinova Ksenia
Published: October 2020

Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a cardiac therapy whereby non-excitatory electrical simulations are delivered during the absolute refractory period of the cardiac cycle. CCM is indicated for patients with heart failure (Class III/IV) and reduced ejection fraction. We previously evaluated the effects of CCM and found isolated adult rabbit cardiomyocytes (rabbit-CMs) display a transient increase in calcium and contractility. In the present study, we sought to extend these results to human cardiomyocytes using human stem-cell cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). hiPSC-CMs were studied in both monolayer and isolated cells and results compared to that of rabbit-CMs. Contractility, calcium handling and electrophysiology was evaluated by image and fluorescence analysis. CCM was applied with a custom device covering a range of pulse parameters including standard clinical parameters (Figure 1). Pacing threshold was determined and stimulation performed at twice the diastolic capture threshold. Robust contractile response was observed at 16 V/cm, 70 mA for pacing and 28 V/cm, 120 mA for CCM. Under these conditions hiPSC-CMs and rabbit-CMs displayed increased contraction amplitude of 30 % (1.79 a.u., CCM vs 1.38 a.u., Control) and 22 % (3.67 a.u., CCM vs 3.00 a.u., Control) respectively and faster kinetics that subsided when the CCM signal was eliminated. This study provides a comprehensive characterization of the effects of CCM on hiPSC-CMs and rabbit-CMs in parallel under identical experimental conditions. These data provide the first study of CCM in hiPSC-CMs and demonstrates the potential utility of hiPSC-CMs to evaluate safety and effectiveness of cardiac medical devices.
Abstract 395: The Role of Transglutaminase 2 (tg2) in Regulation of Macrophage Phenotype
Authors: Shinde Arti V , Su Ya , Frangogiannis Nikolaos G
Published: October 2020

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) expression is increased in infarcted and remodeling hearts and modulates cellular responses through enzymatic effects and non-enzymatic actions. In monocytic cells, TG2 is predominantly expressed by M2 macrophages in both mice and humans. Although TG2 is considered a preserved and reliable marker of M2 macrophages, its role in regulation of macrophage phenotype remains unknown. In order to study the role of TG2 in macrophage function in homeostasis and disease, we generated mice with myeloid cell-specific loss of TG2 (MyTG2KO), and examined their response to experimental myocardial infarction (MI). Using myeloid cell reporter CSF1R
EGFP
mice, we found that TG2 is highly expressed in the majority of spleen, liver and lung macrophages, and is markedly upregulated in M2-like Arg1+ macrophages infiltrating the infarcted heart in contrast to infarct neutrophils. MyTG2KO mice had no baseline defects. Following MI, MyTG2KO mice and TG2 fl/fl controls had comparable chamber dilation, systolic dysfunction and infarct size, but exhibited attenuated diastolic dysfunction and reduced atrial size, reflecting lower filling pressures. Macrophages harvested from infarcted MyTG2KO mice had comparable pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine synthesis, but markedly increased expression of caveolin-1, the integrins a1, b1 and b3, and of the anti-fibrotic proteoglycan decorin. In vitro, we examined the effects of TG2 loss on the transcriptomic profile of bone marrow macrophages using RNAseq. Reactome and KEGG analysis showed that TG2 loss did not affect the baseline macrophage transcriptome differences. In contrast, following TGF-b stimulation, TG2 KO and WT cells had differential expression of genes regulating focal adhesion formation and the actin cytoskeleton. Consistent with the in vivo findings, TGF-b stimulation resulted in higher caveolin-1 and decorin in TG2 KO macrophages. In summary, TG2 expression is induced in M2-like macrophages infiltrating the infarcted heart and mediates diastolic dysfunction. The effects of TG2 in macrophages are not due to actions on their inflammatory profile, but may involve modulation of focal adhesion formation and cell migration, and subsequent expression of anti-fibrotic genes.
Abstract 398: Magnitude and Impact of Underutilization of Flu Vaccine in High-Risk US Cohorts on Cardiovascular Events
Authors: MANDANIA ROSHNI A , Ghosh Arjab , Ma Jennifer , mena miguel , Dodoo Christopher , Alvarado Luis , Dwivedi Alok , Mukherjee Debabrata
Published: October 2020

Background:
Influenza vaccination has been shown to reduce myocardial infarction(MI) and other cardiac events. Several groups are considered at high risk for influenza and its complications. In this study, we explored the utilization and impact of flu vaccination in these high risk groups on various cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods:
Our retrospective cohort study compared utilization and outcomes in high risk groups among those who did receive vaccination during hospitalization versus those who did not. We analyzed utilization and impact of flu vaccine in several high-risk group identified by Center for Disease Control (CDC) i.e., adults 50 years and older, people with chronic medical conditions, AIDS patients, people at nursing facilities, American Indians and Alaskan natives, and obese people in the 2014 National Inpatient Sample Database.

Results:
The NIS database revealed 168,325 flu vaccinations among the 7,056,314 total high risk patients during hospitalization. Of note, the adults 50 years and older high risk cohort was less likely to be vaccinated during hospitalization at 1.8% compared to the general population at 15.3%. High risk groups benefited with flu vaccination and had reduced risk of MI, mortality, transient ischemic attacks (TIA) and cardiac arrest (Table).

Conclusion:
Flu vaccination was paradoxically underutilized in the high-risk patients and when used was associated with reduced rates of MI, TIA and cardiac arrest in all high risk cohorts compared to those who did not receive vaccination. These results underscore the need for health care policy initiatives to optimize flu vaccination among all patients and especially among high risk groups identified by the CDC.
Abstract 423: Caveolin-3 Enriches and Dynamically Interacts With Swell1
Authors: Turner Daniel G , Tyan Leonid , Stroebel Sami , Deguire Frank , Lang Di , Glukhov Alexey
Published: October 2020

Caveolae are small (50-100nm) membrane invaginations formed by caveolin proteins enriched with cholesterol and lipids. Caveolae play a crucial role in mechanoprotection and mechano-electrical transduction by buffering membrane tension and facilitating activation of mechanosensitive ion channels, including a recently discovered swelling-activated chloride channel SWELL1 (also known as LRRC8A). However, the dynamic relationship between the muscle-specific caveolar scaffolding protein caveolin-3 (Cav3) and SWELL1 is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine how Cav3 interacts with SWELL1 channels and modulates their activity during mechano-electrical transduction. In HEK 293 cells transfected with Cav3, co-immunoprecipitation analysis recapitulated cardiac data showing association between SWELL1 and Cav3. Using transiently expressed Cav3-GFP and SWELL1-mCherry fusion proteins in HEK293 cells, we observed a high FRET efficiency between the two proteins in an isotonic (1T) solution, confirming their close (<5nm) proximity. In a hypotonic solution (0.7T, mimicking cell stretch), FRET efficiency decreased two-fold. Furthermore, FRET efficiency decreased two-fold to control levels when incubated with methyl-beta cyclodextrin, a cholesterol solubilizer. These data suggest that the relationship between Cav3 and SWELL1 is dependent on membrane mechanical tension and caveolae lipid raft integrity. Interestingly, in transfected cells, SWELL1 protein expression and whole cell swelling-activated chloride current (

I
Cl,swell

) were increased four-fold and two-fold, respectively, while mRNA expression was reduced two-fold. This may indicate that caveolae formed by Cav3 expression enrich for SWELL1 and increase their half-life, thus requiring lower mRNA availability despite higher protein expression. Our findings indicate a close dynamic interplay between Cav3 and SWELL1, with a strong regulatory action of Cav3 on

I
Cl,swell

activity. Given that

I
Cl,swell

increases and interprotein FRET efficiency decreases in hypotonic solution, it is likely that Cav3 inhibits the activation of SWELL1 similarly to its known inhibition of nitric oxide synthase.
Abstract 426: Effects of Non-syndromic Mitral Valve Prolapse on Valvular Interstitial Cell Extracellular Vesicle-associated Non-coding RNA in a Spontaneous Canine Disease Model
Authors: Meola Dawn , Robinson Sally , Yang Vicky
Published: October 2020

Non-syndromic mitral valve prolapse (MVP), or Barlow’s Disease, is a valvular heart disease with a prevalence of 2-3% in the human adult population. Consequences of MVP include mitral regurgitation that without surgical treatment can progress to congestive heart failure, arrhythmias and sudden death. Since MVP is a degenerative disease that worsens with age, surgical risk is of concern with an older population, necessitating the development of alternative strategies for early detection and effective medical intervention. Similar to humans, canine MVP is age-related with a lifetime prevalence close to 90%, providing a large population for study. Canine MVP represents a relevant spontaneous large animal model to dissect the mechanistic underpinnings of disease pathogenesis and evaluate novel treatment. We hypothesize that extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their associated non-coding RNA (ncRNA) may play a role in this disease by enabling propagation of the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast phenotypic switch in mitral valvular interstitial cells (VICs).

VICs were isolated from 12 normal and 14 diseased canine mitral valves and cultured in defined chemical media for 48 hours. EVs were isolated from conditioned media using size exclusion chromatography. Total RNA was isolated from EVs with the Qiagen miReasy Plasma/Serum kit, and from VIC cells with the mirVana miRNA Isolation Kit. Sequencing libraries were created using QIAseq miRNA Library Kit, and RNAseq was performed with Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencer with single read 100 base format. Reads were mapped to canine ncRNA databases (miRbase, RFam). VICs from diseased valves had higher expression of αSMA than cells from normal valves (p = 0.002) based on RT-qPCR. Sequence analysis showed decreased content of tRNA (p = 0.023) and miRNA precursor (p = 0.036) in EVs from diseased VICs, in addition to decreased expression of let-7f. Cells from diseased valves had lower Y-RNA content (p = 0.007). miR-8859a and miR-451 were preferentially packaged into EVs from both normal and diseased VICs. Preferential packaging of miR-155 was seen in normal VIC EVs and miR-191 in diseased VIC EVs. Functional roles of these miRs will need to be confirmed to determine their therapeutic potential for treatment of MVP.