bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Between Duty and Pleasure: Challenges in the Area of Lifelong Education for Translators
Authors: Kędzia-Klebeko Beata
Published: November 2024

The subject of the article is the role of the pleasure of learning in the professional development that takes place in the process of so-called lifelong learning. The problem of improving skills is becoming a general phenomenon. The article looks at the issue in relation to the training of professional and sworn translators. Acquiring linguistic and cultural skills requires a long-term commitment on the part of the learner to the difficult process of learning the art of translation. The aim is to identify ways of strengthening motivation and forming attitudes which, through metacognitive strategies, enable learners to see the learning process as a source of satisfaction and a means of self-fulfilment.
Vegetarianism on the Vistula River in the Literature at the Turn of the 19th and 20th Centuries
Authors: Piechota Dariusz
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the reception of vegetarianism in Polish literature at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The study recalls the most important popular science publications raising the issues of the vegetarian diet (including the works of Moes-Oskragiełło, Drzewiecki, Jankowski and Jastrzębowski), which are confronted with the literary images of vegetarians (in the works of Reymont, Weyssenhoff, Rodziewiczówna and Mazanowski). The subject of vegetarianism and vegetarians presented in Polish prose evolved over the first decades of the 20th century. Initially, it was identified mainly with a type of diet, and its followers were the elderly, often marginalized by society. Combining vegetarianism with the ethical issue regarding killing of animals can be seen in Rodziewiczówna and Mazanowski’s novels. In literary images of vegetarians, we will also find echoes of popular science publications about a vegetarian diet that has been emerging since the 1890s.
About the Dying of the Body and the Dying of the Spirit: “How I Didn’t Kill My Father and How Much I Regret It” by Mateusz Pakuła
Authors: Sporek Paweł
Published: November 2024

The study focuses on the problem of corporeality and spirituality in relation to Mateusz Pakuła’s prose debut How I Didn’t Kill My Father and How Much I Regret It. The author of the article presents the analysed work against the background of the contemporary funeral tradition and makes genre determinations in an attempt to show the specificity of Pakuła’s literary expression. He shows the drama of a father and a son presented in the funeral diary, pointing on the one hand to the dying of the body (father), and on the other to the deep spiritual crisis of both protagonists (father, son). In the case of the father, it concerns the inability to bear his own pain and a request for euthanasia, and in the case of the son, it is a drama of choice, i.e. accelerating the death of the father or passivity and accompanying his father in a painful and long dying.
Water and Earth, or about the Texts of Tomas Venclova and Their Role in the Literary and Cultural Education of High School Students
Authors: Łazarska Danuta
Published: November 2024

The article aims to pay attention to the functions of aquatic and earth motifs present in Tomas Venclova’s works. In light of the analysis of texts such as From Travel Diaries and Describe Vilnius and the poet’s selected poems, the author distinguishes several intertwining functions of these motifs, e.g. mood-creating, image-creating, (self-)reflective. They are subordinated to the main function diagnosed by the author – memory. The final part of the article is devoted to reflections on the use of Venclova’s texts in Polish language classes in high school as contexts, i.a., of Polish Romantic and 20th-century literature, as well as the role of selected works of the Lithuanian writer in the literary and cultural education of contemporary youth.
Logoprophylaxis vs. Prevention of Risk Behavior and Addiction
Authors: Solecki Roman , Szczukiewicz Piotr
Published: November 2024

The article aims to present a new concept of risk behavior and addiction prevention, which is logoprophylaxis, as well as to show its place in the context of preventive activities. Logoprophylaxis is derived from Viktor E. Frankl’s concept of logotherapy. Its primary goal is to counteract existential crises resulting from a sense of lack of meaning in life, which in turn leads to such phenomena as addictions or risky behavior. The authors present sources, principles and strategies of logoprophylaxis and the possibilities of their application to the phenomenon of social anomie.
Against Consent to Absence, or About the Power of Literature
Authors: Tomaszewska Grażyna B.
Published: November 2024

The article is a review of Anna Janus-Sitarz’s monograph titled Books Asking Questions: Borderlands of Literature for Adults and Non-Adults, published in 2023 by Universitas. The author of the review discusses two most important elements of this book: arguments proving the power of narrative (part one of the monograph) and the possibilities of using this power (part two) in breaking the silence and alienation in education towards the most difficult problems of human existence (illness, disability, old age, death), as well as contemporary problems of community life (ecology, migration, exclusion, otherness).
“Covid” Dilogy by Ewa Głażewska and Małgorzata Karwatowska: “Mask in ‘Times of Plague’: Covid Images of Masks – Typologies and Functions” (MCSU Publishing House, Lublin 2021, pp. 206) and “Humor in ‘Times of Plague’” (MCSU Publishing House, Lublin 2023, pp. 265)
Authors: Tymiakin Leszek
Published: November 2024

The review comments on two books on COVID-19 – constituting a kind of whole. In both monographs, the authors, scientists from Lublin, offered an in-depth description and interesting analyzes of selected aspects of the modern pandemic. From the dominant perspectives (linguistic and cultural studies), the multidimensionality of both the mask phenomenon and the category of humour was examined. The studies highlight the richness of their manifestations and functions. The most important values of the books are the attractiveness and topicality of the topics covered.
Systemic Approach in the Study of the Current State of Knowledge in the Field of University Management
Authors: Michałowska Iwona , Majchrzak Joanna
Published: November 2024

Theoretical background: Analyzing the current set of publications relating to the issues of university management, one can distinguish a set of works relating to, among others, the quality of management at universities, the issues of sustainable development of universities, adapting teaching and research to the needs of industrial enterprises, concepts of university quality management, communication barriers at an academic university, and issues of human resource management in higher education. Regardless of the area of research, the work draws attention to the lack of consistency in the concepts which are used to understand the specific field of university management, the rigorous conceptual framework deficiency and valuable contribution to theory development is limited. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to organize the current research results related to the issues of university management. The work uses the integration of the concept of systematic literature review with a tool supporting systemic thinking, i.e. System Operator. The paper points to the benefits resulting from the use of a tool derived from the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) in shaping the image of the current state of knowledge, in a holistic approach. Research methods: The method of systematic literature review was used in the work. Research activities were divided into four stages, (1) determination of the purpose of the study, (2) selection of basic literature (n = 1,534), and selection of publications (n = 999) and development of a publication database, (3) biblimetric analysis, using content analysis and (4) development of a report using a tool supporting holistic thinking, i.e. System Operator. Main findings: As a result of the conducted research, six clusters relating to the issues of education and its evaluation (Cluster 1), management of human factors, including students, researchers and administrative staff (Cluster 2), shaping entrepreneurial attitudes, including knowledge and innovation management (Cluster 3), university management in the education system (Cluster 4), issues related to sustainable development and leadership policy (Cluster 5 and Cluster 6) were distinguished. As a result of content analysis, 16 thematic areas in general terms were distinguished in the scope of identifying research problems raised in the collection of the most frequently cited scientific publications. In the last one, as a result of the use of System Operator, the research problems raised in the analyzed set of publications were mapped in a comprehensive manner, i.e. determining the relations between individual elements of university management and university environment, as well as in terms of time, relating to the evaluation of past activities and strategies, research into current solutions, as well as works related to shaping the concept of future solutions in the field of university management.
Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Enterprise Marketing Communications
Authors: Spychała Małgorzata , Goliński Marek , Piotrowski Bartosz , Łucka Katarzyna , Adamczak Mikołaj
Published: November 2024

Theoretical background: Marketing communication is a key element of marketing, supporting tasks such as information, image building and customer acquisition. The effectiveness of communication depends on many factors, including the methods and tools used as part of an integrated marketing strategy. Digital transformation has significantly affected the ways consumers are reached, forcing marketers to adapt traditional methods to new technologies. Consumers, more trusting of each other than of companies, are becoming active marketers, increasing the importance of online communication. Modern marketing communication relies on synergies between old and new media, and on building a strong brand as the basis for a successful strategy. Purpose of the article: The aim of this article is to analyse the literature on the topic and, on this basis, to try to answer questions related to communication processes in marketing: How has communication changed in recent times? What factors influence the effectiveness of marketing communication? What currently has the greatest impact on marketing communication in a company? To answer the questions, articles containing the topics under study and found in the SCOPUS database were analysed. Research methods: Scientometric and bibliometric techniques were used as the research method, analysing citations and co-occurrence of keywords. Articles written between 2000 and 2023 were analysed. The papers analysed were grouped into 4 periods: Period I – 2000 to 2010; period II – 2011 to 2015, period III – 2016 to 2020 and period IV – 2021 to 2023. A score of more than 100 publications was obtained and, in the next step, limiting the number of publications, the criterion of the number of citations was adopted. A ranking of the best-cited articles was developed in each period, and based on these, factors influencing the effectiveness of the marketing communication process were analysed. Main findings: Through a comprehensive literature review on marketing communication, the factors influencing marketing communication that change over time have been identified in tabular form. A model was proposed that summarises the factors influencing the effectiveness of marketing communication in a collective way.
The Role of Future Leader’s Entrepreneurial Orientation in Family Firm Internationalization Process – the Polish Context
Authors: Hadryś Alicja
Published: November 2024

Research background: In CEE countries, especially in Poland, research on family entrepreneurship has a shorter tradition than in western countries, mainly due to the fact that most family enterprises were established after 1989 when the political system changed. Among others, the main area of interest for researchers associated with family enterprises is succession, especially areas connected with preparation of the successor, future leader of the company. Purpose of the article: The research problem is to identify the conditions for the internationalization of family firms, which are associated with the person of a future leader (successor), in particular, those related to the entrepreneurial orientation of the leader. Therefore, the main research question is which and to what extent the dimensions of the leader’s entrepreneurial orientation influence the internationalization of family firms? Research methods: The complexity of the researched topic prompted the use of advanced statistical methods. Therefore, the quantitative analysis was carried out using the SEM-PLS method, i.e. structural equation modeling using the partial least squares method. Main findings: The dimensions that influence the internationalization are the pro-activity of the leader, the tendency of the leader to risk and the competitive aggression of the leader. Pro-activity of the leader in almost 20% affects the speed/pace of the internationalization of the family firm. This effect is enhanced by the presence of external managers. Future leader tendency towards risk and competitive aggression in almost 20% of every dimension affect the international achievements of a family firm.
Miserable and Cruel – Construction of the Image of a Woman and Femininity by Users of the Hashtag “Loser” on the Wykop.pl Portal
Authors: Załęska Olga
Published: November 2024

The article is based on an analysis of content posted by selected users of the Wykop.pl website under the hashtag “loser”. This hashtag gathers young heterosexual men who consider themselves unfi t for society and losers in life. The biggest source of their frustration is the non-existence of their sex life – they cannot fi nd female partners for sexual or romantic relationships despite their clear desire to do so. The “losers” (as they call themselves) make the lack of a woman the main axis of their identity, therefore this text focuses on how her character is constructed and how she acts with the diff erent types (“alpha male”, “beta ATM”, “loser”) into which users divide men. The “losers” (as they call themselves) make the lack of a woman the main axis of their identity, therefore this text focuses on how her character is constructed and how she ranks against the diff erent types (“alpha male”, “beta ATM”, “loser”) into which users divide men. The analysis also focuses on the nature of the pseudo-biological language used on hashtags and how their narratives make visible their perceived repulsion towards women. Attention was also paid to issues of lower class membership in users’ statements, which may indicate that this membership is the source of the social movement of losers and their aspirations for conservative revolution. Ruth Wodak’s critical discourse analysis was the main tool used to conduct the analysis.
Metformin Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through the AMPK-HMGCR-ROS Signaling Axis
Authors: Zhu He , Zhu Tao , Dubiao Dubiao , Zhang Xinmei
Published: November 2024

Objective. To explore the role and mechanism of metformin (MET) in regulating myocardial injury caused by cardiac ischemia-reperfusion.Material and methods. A rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was established by ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. The myocardial area at risk and the infarction size were measured by Evans blue and 2,3,5‑triphenyltetrazole chloride (TTC) staining, respectively. Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-Mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to detect apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. The expression of 4‑hydroxynonenal (4‑HNE) was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and expression of the Adenosine 5‘-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) – 3‑hydroxy-3‑methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) signaling pathway, respectively.Results. MET treatment decreased the infarct size and the activity of the myocardial enzyme profile, thus demonstrating protection of ischemic myocardium. The number of TUNEL positive cells significantly decreased. Immunohistochemical results showed that MET decreased the expression of 4‑HNE in myocardial tissue and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in myocardial cells. Further experimental results showed that MET decreased HMGCR transcription and protein expression, and increased AMPK phosphorylation. In the model of hypoxia and reoxygenation injury of cardiomyocytes, MET increased the viability of cardiomyocytes, decreased the activity of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), decreased malondialdehyde content and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations, and regulate the AMPK-HMGCR signaling pathway through coenzyme C (ComC).Conclusion. MET inhibits the expression of HMGCR by activating AMPK, reduces oxidative damage and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Relationship Between Academic Self-efficacy and Cyberloafing Behavior Among College Students in Malang City
Authors: Kautsarina Kennissa Ayu , Tantiani Farah Farida
Published: November 2024

One of the negative impacts of increasing internet use in online lectures is cyberloafing. Cyberloafing is the behavior of using the internet for nonacademic purposes. The level of cyberloafing can be influenced by their self-confidence in their abilities in the academic field or what is known as academic self-efficacy. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between academic self-efficacy and cyberloafing behavior among students in Malang City. This research is correlational quantitative research. The research subjects were taken by purposive sampling, a total of 405 students. Data collection instruments used The Five Factor Cyberloafing Scale with 29 of 30 items are valid and reliable (a = .991) and the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale with 27 items (a = .945). The results of hypothesis testing using Spearman Rank can be concluded that there is a negative and significant relationship between academic self-efficacy and cyberloafing in students (r(403) = -0.782 p<0.001). This shows that the higher the student’s academic self-efficacy score, the lower the cyberloafing behavior will be.
Keywords: academic self-efficacy, cyberloafing, college students
The Influence of Work-life Balance on Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Adhiwijaya Amadeus Geraldo Perdana , Purwaningrum Evi Kurniasari , Mariskha Silvia Eka
Published: November 2024

This research was conducted to determine whether work-life balance and organizational citizenship behavior are influenced empirically. This research involved 218 active employees with birth year criteria of 1997 to 2007 at the company PT. Pupuk Kalimantan Timur, Bontang. The research sample was determined using a probability sampling technique with simple random sampling. Research data was obtained using two types of scales, Work-Life Balance and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Research data was analyzed using analytical techniques Product Moment with the help of SPSS 26.0 for Windows. Based on the results analysis it is revealed that Work-Life Balance and Organizational Citizenship Behavior have no significant influence with p-value = 0.891 (p<0.05). Influence of Work-Life Balance against Organizational Citizenship Behavior is shown by the R-value of 0.009, which means that both variables do not have strong correlation. Findings study show that there is no influence between Work-Life Balance and Organizational Citizenship Behavior.
Keywords: work-life balance, organizational citizenship behavior, generation Z
Psychoeducation: Impact of Gadget Use on Early Childhood at PAUD TKM Al-Khoiriyah
Authors: Vardia Melly Amalia , Nugrahani Rizka Fibria , Rahmadiani Nixie Devina , Oktiningrum Wuli
Published: November 2024

This research aims to increase parents’ comprehension of the influence of gadget use on early development by providing psychoeducation to parents of TKM Al-Khoiriyah students. This study uses quantitative research methods with experimental techniques to view the differences in parental knowledge before and after psychoeducation is conducted. Data collection was done using a questionnaire of parents’ knowledge and efforts regarding the use of gadgets in preschool children. This instrument consists of five dimensions including 1) early childhood growth and development, 2) Screen time in children, 3) positive impact on gadget use, 4) negative impact of gadget use, 5) parental efforts in overcoming gadget use in children. Data analysis was carried out using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tail. The results of the analysis stated that there were differences in knowledge among mothers after psychoeducation on the impact of gadget use on early childhood. The probability value shows that the p-value is 0.017 (p < 0.05).
Keywords: psychoeducation, gadget, early childhood
The Role of Gratitude and Forgiveness Toward Self-awareness in Emerging Adulthood
Authors: Edy Dewi Fatmasari , Ashgarie Rayza Ilfie Azkya
Published: November 2024

A transition period from adolescence to adulthood is called emerging adulthood. Individuals experience periods of life that offer opportunities to explore identity in various aspects of life, such as love, work, and views of the world. Self-awareness is an important self-development component for emerging adulthood. Self-awareness is the ability to see oneself clearly and objectively. Self-awareness will become more visible when individuals can use character strengths in living their lives. One of the two character strengths that people have is gratitude and forgiveness. Gratitude is the character strength most strongly associated with life satisfaction. Forgiveness is one of the characteristics of the virtue of temperance, namely a virtue that correlates with an individual’s attitude to refrain from anything that is excessive and has the potential to cause undesirable consequences. This research uses a non-experimental quantitative approach using the Indonesian version of the character strength scale developed by the VIA Institute via the viacharacter.org with an internal consistency reliability of 0.75, which the researcher uses for the gratitude and forgiveness sections. The scale for self-awareness uses the Self-Awareness Outcomes Questionnaire (SAOQ) that has 38 items. The research subjects were 138 respondents in the emerging adulthood category (18-25 years). The research results found that gratitude and forgiveness had a significant role in self-awareness by 42%. Significance in a positive direction, the more gratitude and forgiveness increases, the more self-awareness increases.
Keywords: emerging adulthood, self-awareness, gratitude, forgiveness
Student Motivation and Effectiveness of Online Learning: A Qualitative Perspective
Authors: Auliza Amelia, Firnanda , Permata Resi Shaumia Ratu Eka , Setyoningtias Khasdyah Dwi Dewi
Published: November 2024

Even though the COVID-19 era has passed 4 years ago, online learning is still implemented as a hybrid or a necessity, especially in high-level health education. Online learning has many positive sides, such as being able to learn anywhere, cost-effective, and being more time flexible, making online learning considered an efficient learning method compared to face-to-face. As a result, in the current situation (post-pandemic) online learning is still valid even though it is sometimes interspersed with offline learning. This research aims to determine the obstacles faced by students in conducting online learning and their impact on learning motivation through interviews. Apart from that, it also aims to study the effectiveness of online learning through observation. Based on the research objectives, observations and interviews are needed to provide a deeper understanding, and provide an idea of whether there is and how much effectiveness and motivation to learn in online learning. It is expected that this research can also provide updated data that can be useful not only for researchers but also for readers. In addition, it is envisaged that this study would deepen the understanding of the efficiency of online learning and will motivate students.
Keywords: student motivation, learning effectiveness online learning
Tracing the Integration Journey: A Qualitative Study of Conflict Between Gender/Sexuality Identity and Religiosity Among LGBTQ Individuals in Indonesia
Authors: Rahmawati Syifa Nadia , Poerwandari Elizabeth Kristi
Published: November 2024

The mainstream religious perspective that opposes homosexuality and cross-gender expression creates a dilemma for LGBTQ individuals, especially those who grew up with a specific religious affiliation. This can result in internal conflict between gender and religiosity. The present study aims to explore how individuals perceive and cope with the conflict between their religious status and gender and sexual identity over time. We used qualitative methods, specifically the grounded theory approach, which allowed for a focus on the process of theory formation and development. Six participants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling criteria: 1) they identified as part of the LGBTQ community; 2) they had practiced or were currently practicing a particular religion, and; 3) they were at least 18 years old. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. We developed an “Integration Model of Conflict Between Gender/Sexuality Identity and Religiosity” derived from Cass’s Gender Identity Formation Model [6]. This model consists of the following stages: nonconform, questioning, conflict, exploration, self-identify, compromise, self-integration, and spiritual integration. Additionally, we observed how cognitive appraisal and attachment to religion as a community can play a role in preventing gender-religiosity conflict. This study provides insight into the experiences of LGBTQ individuals who also have a religious affiliation and may be struggling with conflicting identities. The model developed in this study can be used as a framework for understanding and supporting individuals going through this process.
Keywords: LGBTQ+, gender, Indonesia
Behavioral Mapping as an Anticipation of Crowding at Manggarai Station
Authors: A'yun Zalfa Awwala Qurrota , Kristianti Priskila Andia , Safira Lintang Ayu , Armalid Ikhwanul Ihsan
Published: November 2024

Manggarai Station, designated as the “central station” in 2022, has sparked various conflicts that persist. The congestion at Manggarai Station arises from frequent damage to facilities and infrastructure, hindering optimal usage and impeding passenger movement to the station platforms. This article aims to review the layout of Manggarai Station using behavioral mapping. Behavioral mapping can trace the flow of congestion at Manggarai Station by focusing on the interaction between station users and the space, while also considering behavioral aspects to address the complex congestion issues and promote both mental and physical well-being for station users. Several areas were identified as congestion points at Manggarai Station, including 1) the lower platform area, 2) the upper platform area, 3) the waiting area, and 4) the escalator stairs. Future research is expected to explore further policies at Manggarai Station regarding operational systems, user movement directions, and station expansion to provide insights for policymakers for accurate improvements.
Keywords: behavioral mapping, Manggarai Station, crowding
The State Policy in the Matter of Confession by the Congregation in the 18th to the Early 19th Century (on the Example of the Tobolsk Governorate)
Authors:   Professor of the Department of History, Law, Socioeconomic Disciplines and Teaching Methods of the Tyumen State University, Sulimov Vadim S. , Valitov Aleksandr A. ,   Associate Professor of the School of Anthropology of the Tyumen State University
Published: November 2024

The article considers the state policy on the issue of religious visits during the XVIII — early XIX centuries. The mechanism of control over the attendance of confession and communion by the population from the reign of Peter I to the beginning of the reign of Alexander I is revealed. Using the example of the Tobolsk province, the features of interaction between the secular and spiritual authorities on the issue of accounting for those who did not come to confession and identifying the reasons contributing to this are shown.
State Interest as a Political Formula of Power: Along the Path of N. Machiavelli
Authors:   Head, Department of History of State and Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Isaev Igor A.
Published: November 2024

The article is dedicated to the state interest concept that emerged in the political science of the early modern period. State interest as a political formula is the basic concept of relations to power and legal understanding. A political and legal discourse on this matter was started by famous thinker Niccolo Machiavelli.
Astreinte and a Prohibitory Claim
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Civil Law and Civil Proceedings of the South Ural State University, Nikolaev Ruslan V.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to solving the problem of the correlation between astrente and prohibition action by highlighting the common and different features of these legal institutions. It is argued that astrent can be indirectly used for the protection of the owner's rights, but for initial prevention astrent is not identical to a prohibition action. It is concluded that there is a need for a comprehensive defence of the right in rem by preventing infringement through a prohibition action and an application for the appointment of an astrente to guarantee the enforcement of the court's decision on the prohibition action. Such a combination of astrente and prohibition action was reflected in Article 35 of the Draft Civil Code of the Russian Empire, therefore, astrente cannot be considered a novelty for the Russian law, it is prescribed from the above norm.
Special Aspects of Legal Regulation of Ineffective and Illegal Use of Budgetary Funds in the Social Sphere
Authors:   Doctoral Student of the Department of Financial Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), PhD (Law), Zabralova Olga S.
Published: November 2024

Purpose. Currently, the issue of effective use of budgetary funds, including in the social sphere, is relevant. In this regard, it is necessary to analyze the offenses that are less studied in the scientific literature: inefficient and illegal use of budgetary funds. The study used a set of general scientific and private scientific methods: analysis and synthesis, comparative legal and formal legal. Conclusions are drawn that: 1) there are fixed elements of offenses for violating the procedure for spending in the social sphere in the acts of various branches of law; 2) the elements of offenses in the budgetary sphere are fixed both by budget legislation and by the Classifier of Violations (Risks) of the Federal Treasury; 3) the analysis of judicial practice revealed that common violations of budget legislation in the implementation of social spending are: illegal and inefficient use of budget funds, as two different compositions. Scientific and practical relevance of the conducted research lies in the fact that it allows you to identify current problems that arise in the implementation of social spending, to attract the attention of practitioners in order to prevent and identify the analyzed violations.
Prospects for Improving the Customs Processing Procedure in the Customs Territory to Develop the Export Potential of the Russian Economy
Authors:   Teaching Assistant of the Department of Customs of the Institute of Foreign Economic Security and Customs of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Stupnikov Aleksandr A.
Published: November 2024

An important condition for developing the export potential of the Russian economy is the possibility of participation of domestic production enterprises in international value chains. In turn, efficient customs procedures are needed to create these conditions, of which the customs processing procedure on the customs territory is a significant part. The article considers the current status of the customs procedure, its problems and possible further improvement.
Identification and Overcoming of Customs Barriers in the Context of Transition to Domestic Components in Agricultural Engineering
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of International Economic Activities of the Institute of Law and National Security, Arabyan Marina S. , Frolova Anzhelika V. ,   Assistant Foreign Economic Activity Specialist at Nestle Russia, LLC
Published: November 2024

The article examines the key customs barriers and risks faced by manufacturers of agricultural machinery when switching to domestic components in the context of import substitution. The systematization and classification of risks associated with a possible decrease in product quality, violations of production processes, cost increases and insufficient competence of personnel has been carried out. Special attention is paid to the development of a strategy to minimize these risks, including organizational, technological and regulatory measures. Recommendations are also offered on adapting production to new conditions and increasing the competitiveness of domestic agricultural machinery.
Organizational, Legal and Psychological Factors of Execution of a Life Imprisonment Sentence
Authors:   Chief Research Scientist of the Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, LL.D., PhD (Psychology), Professor, Kovalev Oleg G.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the study was to study the legal, organizational and psychological factors of ensuring the regime of execution of life imprisonment. Identification of the features of regime requirements implemented in strict, ordinary and facilitated conditions of serving sentences in the IC OR, their legal, organizational and psychological interpretation. Analytical and statistical methods were used to achieve it. The content analysis of definitions contained in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, departmental legal acts, and literary sources on the topic was used. The main directions of studying the regime in modern domestic penitentiary science are determined. The emphasis is placed on the study of regime requirements in conditions of execution of life imprisonment. The organizational, legal and psychological factors of life imprisonment, common in domestic penitentiary practice, are considered and analyzed. Their role and significance, their interrelationship in the legal institution under consideration are indicated. The results of the study were discussed at international scientific and practical conferences held in 2023 and 2024. in educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The main directions of the organization of the penitentiary activity under consideration are listed. The approaches of modernization of modern criminal and penal enforcement legislation regulating the execution of life imprisonment are proposed. Attention is focused on the legal regulation of the procedure for submitting the specified category of convicted persons to parole. The debatable issue of the abolition of the moratorium on the death penalty in the Russian Federation, the execution of art. 59 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in the context of substantiating the economic, psychological, moral and ethical expediency of widespread use of life imprisonment. The conclusion is made about the scientific and applied importance of legal, organizational and psychological factors in the execution of the considered type of punishment in modern conditions.
Control of the Psychological and Emotional State of Junior Command Staff in Penal System Institutions
Authors:   Chief Research Scientist of the Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Doctor (Psychology), Professor, Lukashenko Dmitry V. , Vetra Aleksandra V. ,   Research Scientist of Research Center No. 2 of the Federal State Institution Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, PhD (Psychology)
Published: November 2024

The article shows the relevance of control over the psycho-emotional state of junior officers in the period of service, as well as on the maintenance of a positive socio-psychological climate in the teams of duty shifts and sentries of the penal and correctional system of the Russian Federation. The detailed algorithm of actions for immediate supervisors is offered.
Organizational and Legal Problems of Provision of Medical and Social Support to Persons in Correctional Institutions
Authors:   Chief Consultant of the Department of Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms in the Criminal Procedure and Detention Facilities, Ustinov Andrey N. , Yakimova Ekaterina M. ,   ead of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law of the Baikal State University
Published: November 2024

Punishment should not be aimed at humiliating human dignity, but should be aimed at preventing the commission of new offenses and correcting the convicted person. In this context, the question of the need to provide the convicted person with medical care and the realization of his constitutional right to health protection is filled with special meaning. The problems of organizing the examination and re-examination of convicts who are disabled and who are in correctional institutions, providing persons serving sentences with medicines have been identified. These problems are a manifestation of the question of the qualitative implementation by the state of the functions of social protection of persons with disabilities, the provision of medical care to those in need. On the example of the organization of these procedures, it is possible to identify a wide range of organizational shortcomings in the system of execution of punishment, as well as inconsistency of the norms of Russian legislation. It was concluded that it is necessary to reform the organization of medical support for convicts, to increase the transparency of the system for providing the convict with medical care.
The Statutory Determination of Subjects Authorized to Initiate Cancellation of a Suspended Sentence Needs to Be Adjusted
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Criminal Law and Procedure of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University Named after M.V. Lomonoso, Skripchenko Nina Yu. , Yanovich Maksim V. ,   Attorney, Member of the Chamber of Lawyers of the Arkhangelsk Region, Associate Professor of the Department of International Law and Comparative Legal Studies
Published: November 2024

The article focuses on the current practice of canceling probation on the basis of a submission filed with the court by a subject not authorized by law. Linking this law enforcement trend with the normative inconsistency that arose as a result of the reform of the penitentiary system in 2011, the authors propose to amend Art. 190 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation, including among the subjects authorized to initiate the abolition of probation, not only the head of the penitentiary inspection, but also the heads of branches of the inspection, who actually goes to court after the enlargement in 2011 of the institutions of the penitentiary system.
Principles of the Universal and Equal Electoral Right in Acts of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Class 3 Full State Counsellor of the Russian Federation, Member of the Territorial Election Committee of the Golyanovo District of Moscow, Voronin Dmitriy Yu.
Published: November 2024

Principles of the universal and equal electoral right constitute the basis of relations in the sphere of exercising of rights of citizens to participation in management of affairs of the state and are traditionally well studied by the constitutional law science. At the same time, application of such principles primarily in the practice of the national constitutional control authority serves as an important benchmark for the law enforcement practice of election organizers and general jurisdiction courts designed to solve the arising electoral disputes in an expeditious manner. The presented article illustrates positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation that the author believes describe the studied principles most fully, including from the standpoint of their impact on evaluations of contemporary digital electoral technologies and matters of candidacy list forms relevant in the autumn elections of 2024.
On the choice of antiarrhythmic drug in patients with ventricular arrhythmia of mixed character
Authors: Treshkur T. V. , Parmon E. V. , Zhdanova O. N. , Ivanova T. E. , Zhabina E. S.
Published: November 2024

Background. The choice of an antiarrhythmic drug, proof of its effectiveness and safety in a short period of time in patients with non-coronary ventricular arrhythmia are the most pressing problems of practical arrhythmology. Objective. To resolve the issue of choosing an antiarrhythmic drug in patients with a mixed nature of ventricular arrhythmia, several ectopic foci, and to optimize further tactics for their management. Design and methods. Of 167 patients with ventricular arrhythmia distribution during periods of wakefulness who performed a stress test, 32 individuals with non-coronary arrhythmias of a mixed nature (by the participation of the autonomic nervous system) were selected. All patients underwent an acute pharmacological stress test with a beta-blocker. Antiarrhythmic therapy was selected under the control of multi-day ECG telemonitoring. Results. In the pretest of exercise tests, single ventricular parasystole was recorded in all 32 patients. In 3 patients, the arrhythmia persisted throughout the entire load, in 4 patients it progressed, in 25 patients the parasystole of the initial morphology disappeared, and at the peak of the load/early recovery period, arrhythmia of a different morphology appeared. Indications for drug treatment were determined for all patients with the choice of the drug after acute pharmacological tests. Then, therapy with two antiarrhythmic drugs was initiated using multi-day ECG telemonitoring, the purpose of which was to control the efficacy, safety, choice of doses and time of drug administration. On days 5–6, combination therapy was effective in 25 patients (78 %). Conclusion. With the help of stress tests, it is possible to accelerate not only the search for the cause of ventricular arrhythmia, but also the choice of a personalized method of treatment. Supplementing the examination with pharmacological tests allows predicting the result of combined antiarrhythmic therapy with a beta-blocker and a class IС drug with an anticholinergic effect.
Features of the pathogen and efficacy of drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Starshinova A. A. , Belyaeva E. N. , Kudryavtsev I. V. , Rubinstein A. A. , Churilov L. P. , Ling H. , Zhuang M. , Kudlay D. A.
Published: November 2024

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), nearly 10.6 million new cases of tuberculosis were detected in 2022, indicating an increase of 3.5 % from the reported 10.3 million in 2021. After the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of tuberculosis increased by 3.9 % from 2020 to 2022. According to the latest regulatory documents, multidrug-resistant pathogen is diagnosed when any bacteriologic or molecular genetic methods reveal drug resistance of M. Tuberculosis complex at least to isoniazid and rifampicin regardless of resistance to other antituberculosis drugs.

With a wide range of virulence genes, the tuberculosis pathogen expresses genes in different phases of infection. Some genes are “switched on” in the early phases and are important for overcoming immune defenses and spreading the pathogen in the host, while others are important for survival in the latent phase. These characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis determine the need for correct and adequate selection of therapy. The problem of diagnostics and treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis remains extremely urgent. Despite the introduction of new tests for rapid determination of drug susceptibility spectrum of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the problem of timely and adequate prescription of chemotherapy regimen remains. When selecting therapy, the problem of prescribing a combination of antituberculosis drugs with proven efficacy against M. tuberculosis remains. The need to assess the patient’s comorbid status, which affects the effectiveness of treatment and the occurrence of relapses, remains relevant.

Despite the introduction of new tests for rapid determination of the drug susceptibility spectrum of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the problem of timely and adequate prescription of chemotherapy remains relevant. The problem of prescribing a combination of antituberculosis drugs with proven efficacy against M. tuberculosis remains in the selection of therapy. Currently, the introduction of bedaquiline in therapy regimens is important for improving the effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment. In addition, studies are underway to shorten the duration of therapy for MDR-TB and XDR-TB, which is particularly important for maintaining patient adherence to treatment.
AREG expression in cumulus cells as a prognostic marker of oocyte quality
Authors: Bashendjieva E. O. , Barashkova E. A. , Tatishcheva J. A. , Kalugina A. S. , Enukashvily N. I.
Published: November 2024

Background. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) represent the most promising and successful methods of infertility treatment. A personalized approach may enhance its efficacy. One such approach is the development of reliable methods for assessing the quality and selection of embryos for transfer. The quality of the embryo is largely contingent upon the quality of the gametes involved in fertilization; thus, the development of non-invasive methods to assess oocyte quality represents a crucial step in the advancement of personalized ART. It is proposed that molecular and biological characterization of cumulus cells can be utilized to assess oocyte quality and predict the success of implantation of transferred embryos. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression levels of potential oocyte quality marker genes (AREG, STAR, PTGS2, HAS2 and SCD5) in cumulus cells from healthy donors and patients with primary and secondary infertility. Materials and Methods. Nine donors and 19 patients were enrolled in the study. RNA was isolated from cumulus cells obtained during oocyte preparation for fertilization, and cDNA was synthesized. The cDNA was used as a matrix for real-time PCR with primers for the above-mentioned genes of interest. Results. Significant difference in AREG gene expression was observed between patients with successful (i.e. ended with birth) outcome and with IVF failure. No difference was found for the STAR, HAS2, PTGS2 and SCD5 genes. Conclusion. The method of assessing the expression level of marker genes in cumulus cells by real-time PCR shows considerable promise for the assessment of oocyte quality. The AREG gene is a potential candidate for use as a marker of oocyte quality.