bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instrução Normativa INPI n. 70/2017
Authors: Soares Romero Lobão , Siqueira Marcelo Gustavo Silva
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo analisa a Instrução Normativa INPI n. 70/2017 e seus eventuais reflexos na legislação tributária e cambial, tendo em vista a modificação que tal norma trouxe ao procedimento de averbação/registro de contratos perante o Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial (INPI). Verificou-se que, muito embora a referida instrução normativa tenha flexibilizado as regras procedimentais aplicáveis à averbação/registro de contratos, trazendo maior simplicidade e celeridade para a emissão dos Certificados de Averbação/Registro, as leis tributária e cambial que regem a matéria não foram ajustadas para refletir esta nova prática do INPI, de modo que as remessas de royalties para o exterior permanecem sujeitas aos limites de remessa e dedutibilidade fundamentados pela Portaria MF n. 436/1958.
Recensão: A global analysis of tax treaty disputes
Authors: Schoueri Luís Eduardo
Published: September 2020

É possível falar em um Regime Tributário Internacional (“International Tax Regime”)? Visando contribuir para a solução dessa resposta, encontramos a séria pesquisa coordenada pelo Prof. Eduardo Baistrocchi, argentino radicado em Londres, onde leciona na prestigiosa London School of Economics.
Interação entre Tratados Internacionais em Matéria Tributária e Legislação Doméstica Brasileira na Jurisprudência do STF e do STJ
Authors: Ribeiro Fernando Munhoz
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo trata da relação entre os tratados internacionais firmados pelo Brasil em matéria tributária e a legislação doméstica e a jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal e do Superior Tribunal de Justiça sobre o tema. A análise tomará como ponto de partida a norma construída a partir do art. 98 do Código Tributário Nacional e enfrentará as críticas apresentadas pela doutrina; a jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal e do Superior Tribunal de Justiça; e, por fim, a possibilidade (ou não) de treaty override no Ordenamento Jurídico brasileiro.
Qualification of Hybrid Instruments in Double Tax Treaties
Authors: Pignatari Leonardo Thomaz
Published: September 2020

The internationalization of commercial trades and the process of globalization originated new financial instruments, which have both interest and dividend features, creating some barriers to qualify it for double tax treaties purposes. This complexity is enhanced by the reference to domestic legislation provided by art. 10 of the OECD Model Tax Convention (dividends) insofar as art. 11 (interest) does not make such reference. In this context, this Study aims to demonstrate that the qualification of hybrid instruments must start from the moderated analysis of its economic substance, confronted with the definition of interest and dividends used by the Contracting States as well the main goals of the tax treaty. The improvement of the system should guide this analysis, not its deconstruction.
Rendimentos Provenientes de Títulos Públicos e o Acordo de Bitributação Celebrado entre o Brasil e a Espanha
Authors: Santos Ramon Tomazela
Published: September 2020

O presente estudo versa sobre a classificação dos juros provenientes de títulos públicos emitidos pelo Instituto de Crédito Oficial – Entidad Pública Empresarial no acordo de bitributação celebrado pelo Brasil e a Espanha, notadamente no que diz respeito à participação de uma instituição financeira custodiante como intermediária e o seu eventual impacto para a aplicação da competência exclusiva atribuída ao Estado da fonte para a tributação dos respectivos valores.
El pensamiento sistémico para la vivienda sostenible en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Sattele Gunther Vanessa
Published: September 2020

La profesión del diseño industrial se enfoca cada vez más en resolver problemáticas complejas. A su vez las soluciones de diseño planteadas ya no son objetos aislados sino Sistemas de Productos y Servicios o Product Service Systems (PSS). En este sentido existen nuevas tendencias como el Diseño Sistémico, que ha explorado algunos métodos para abordar este tipo de proyectos, sin embargo, existen pocas herramientas gráficas que se puedan aplicar de forma práctica. El siguiente artículo presenta una introducción al pensamiento sistémico y su aplicación en el caso de estudio: la vivienda sostenible en la Ciudad de México. Se retoman elementos del pensamiento sistémico para analizar el consumo de recursos en la vivienda actual a través de un modelo gráfico. Posteriormente se describe cómo propuestas de Sistemas de Servicios y Productos pueden ser analizadas dentro del mismo modelo para identificar su posible potencial de cambio. Finalmente se discute la utilidad de esta herramienta dentro del campo del diseño industrial.
AN APPROXIMATE SOLUTION FOR LORENTZIAN SPHERICAL TIMELIKE CURVES
Authors: AYDIN TUBA AGIRMAN
Published: September 2020

In this article, the differential equation of lorentzian spherical timelike curves is obtained in E14. It is seen that the differential equation characterizing Lorentzian spherical timelike curves is equivalent to a linear, third order, differential equation with variable coefficients. It is impossible to solve these equations analytically. In this article, a new numerical technique based on hermite polynomials is presented using the initial conditions for the approximate solution. This method is called the modified hermite matrix-collocation method. With this technique, the solution of the problem is reduced to the solution of an algebraic equation system and the approximate solution is obtained. In addition, the validity and applicability of the technique is explained by a sample application.
ON RICCI-BOURGUIGNON h-ALMOST SOLITONS IN RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS
Authors: SOYLU YASEMIN
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we shall give some structure equations for RB h-almost solitons which generalize previous results for Ricci almost solitons. As a consequence of these equations we also derive an integral formula for the compact gradient RB h-almost solitons which enables us to show that a compact nontrivial almost Ricci soliton is isometric to a sphere provided either it has constant scalar curvature or its associated vector field is conformal.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT BETWEEN A COUNTERFEITED AND A GENUINE POWER BJT
Authors: MIRON-ALEXE VIOREL
Published: September 2020

Counterfeited electronic components and devices raise multiple problems both for the electronics manufacturing industry and for the end-user as well. It is already a known fact that most of the Asian electronics market is flooding the world with cheap electronic components and devices, that have low-quality standards and that pose, sometimes, a threat to the end user’s experience or health, when using them. In this article it is assessed, to some degree, the electrical and physical performances of both a genuine power BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor) and a counterfeited one, in order to observe and compare the uses and the limits of their potential, and what conclusions should be drawn from this comparative experimentation.
Revista Guatemalteca de Educación Superior
Authors: Cardona Dra. Iliana
Published: September 2020

La Revista Guatemalteca de Educación Superior tiene como propósito dar a conocer a la comunidad nacional e internacional artículos y ensayos científicos originales e inéditos de autores internos y externos. En forma impresa y en formato digital a través de la plataforma de acceso abierto Open Journal Systems –OJS, hospedada en la plataforma de revistas de Guatemala de Biblioteca Central de Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, para el público general es no lucrativa.
Augmentation the width of a keratinized attached gingiva in patients with dental implantation
Authors: Brailovskaya T. V. , Vedyaeva A. P. , Kalinin R. V. , Garibyan E. A. , Tangieva Z. A. , Deniev A. M.
Published: September 2020

To date, there has been an increase in the scientiﬁc interest in the state of soft tissues surrounding dental implants and their inﬂuence on the long-term prognosis of implant treatment. It is known, that the risk factors for the development of periimplantitis include a deﬁciency or complete absence of an attached keratinized gingiva in the area of implants. The article provides a comparative analysis of various methods of mucogingival surgery in the ﬁeld of dental implants using free gingival autografts and xenogenic dermal matrices.
MEDIA VIDEO YOU TUBE TUTORIAL LARI SPRINT UNTUK PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SMP NEGERI 4 WONOMERTO
Authors: Hosen Moh.
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan media video Youtube tutorial untuk meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran lari sprint. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIIA SMP Negeri 4 Wonomerto sebanyak 24 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi tes praktik lari sprint, lembar observasi siswa selama mengikuti pembelajaran. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif persentase untuk mengungkap hasil ketuntasan belajar. Hasil siklus I menunjukkan bahwa 60 % siswa mencapai ketuntasan belajar . Hasil siklus II menunjukkan bahwa 90 % siswa mencapai ketuntasan belajar. Karena persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa melampaui 80%, penelitian tindakan kelas ini telah mencapai indikator keberhasilan. This study aims to describe the application of YouTube tutorial video media to improve learning outcomes for sprinting. The subjects of this study were 24 students of class VIIA SMP Negeri 4 Wonomerto. Data collection techniques include sprint running practice tests, student observation sheets during the lesson. The data analysis technique uses descriptive percentages to reveal the results of learning completeness. The results of cycle I showed that 60% of students achieved mastery learning. The results of cycle II showed that 90% of students achieved mastery learning. Because the percentage of student learning outcomes exceeds 80%, this classroom action research has achieved indicators of success.
A POBREZA NO MARANHÃO DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Nascimento Talita de Sousa , Carvalho Dionatan Silva , Rodrigues Marlana Portilho , Póvoas Maysa Thais Teixeira , Freire Vitor Gabriel Moreira
Published: September 2020

RESUMO
O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir a pobreza do Maranhão antes e durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Para tanto, inicialmente, faz-se uma abordagem sob uma perspectiva teórica dos critérios de mensuração da pobreza, tomando-se como base o fator renda, como principal via de seleção de beneficiários para programas sociais. Posteriormente, analisa-se a pobreza do Maranhão, durante a crise pandêmica de COVID-19, por meio de dados fornecidos pelos órgãos oficiais. Como resultado, há o aprofundamento, ampliação e evidenciação da pobreza das famílias maranhenses.

ABSTRACT
This article aims to discuss the poverty of Maranhão before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. To do so, initially, an approach is taken from a theoretical perspective of the criteria for measuring poverty, taking as a basis the income factor, as the main way of selecting beneficiaries for social programs. Subsequently, the poverty of Maranhão is analyzed, during the pandemic crisis of COVID-19, using data provided by official agencies. As a result, there is a deepening, expansion and disclosure of the poverty of Maranhão families.
ANÁLISE DO ÍNDICE DE VULNERABILIDADE MUNICIPAL: um recorte para o município de São Luís
Authors: CORDEIRO EDUARDO CELESTINO , RIBEIRO FILHO WILSON FRANÇA , CARNEIRO LAURA REGINA , SILVA DANIELLE RODRIGUES
Published: September 2020

RESUMO

O presente artigo visa discutir o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Municipal, formulado pelo Instituto Votorantim, que mensura a capacidade dos municípios brasileiros em meio a pandemia do COVID-19, com recorte para o município de São Luís do Maranhão. Para fazer a avaliação da vulnerabilidade municipal, o referido indicador esboça cinco dimensões que têm por finalidade apresentar uma ampla visão dos municípios, perpassando sobre a temática da saúde, capacidade financeira municipal e da população vulnerável. Além disso, para corroborar com o sustentáculo da análise, é apresentado os resultados do estudo sobre as regiões de influências das cidades, elaborado pelo IBGE, que permite extrapolar a análise unitária do IVM e intercalar com um viés espacial da vulnerabilidade municipal.

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to discuss the Municipal Vulnerability Index, formulated by the Votorantim Institute, which measures the capacity of Brazilian municipalities in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on the municipality of São Luís do Maranhão. In order to assess the municipal vulnerability, the referred indicator outlines five dimensions that aim to present a broad view of the municipalities, covering the theme of health, municipal financial capacity and the vulnerable population. In addition, to corroborate with the support of the analysis, the results of the study on the regions of influence of the cities, prepared by IBGE, are presented, which allows extrapolating the unit analysis of the IVM and interspersing with a spatial bias of municipal vulnerability.
Producto interno bruto de Colombia y alternativas económicas frente al COVID-19
Authors: Quintero Rivera Juan
Published: September 2020

A medida que la pandemia del COVID-19 ha ocasionado una crisis de salud continua la emergencia sanitaria se ha desarrollado rápidamente por el continente latinoamericano. En el caso de Colombia, el PIB se ha disminuido en el primer trimestre como consecuencia inmediata de la paralización de la actividad económica ante las primeras medidas de control sanitario por la pandemia. Por ello, el objetivo de esta nota científica es dar a conocer los efectos del COVID-19 sobre el PIB colombiano. Se concluye que las alternativas de crecimiento en este sentido deben estar dirigidas a las mejores prácticas de salud; la coordinación internacional y la gestión de políticas; la certeza, el consenso y la cooperación de todos los actores económicos; y estar a la vanguardia para maximizar la seguridad sanitaria y la actividad económica.
ACCURACY OF ULTRASOUND VERSUS CLINICAL FETAL WEIGHT ESTIMATION AT TERM WITH ACTUAL BIRTH WEIGHT IN KENYATTA NATIONAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Wanjaria Dr. Daniel K. , Kamau Prof. Koigi
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to correlate fetal weight estimation by ultrasound and clinical methods with actual birth weight in KNH.Methodology: This is a prospective comparative study. The design was suitable because it enabled comparison of the predictive value, sensitivity and specificity in estimating fetal weight which is known after birth. Study area was KNH Obstetric wards. The study population was all pregnant women admitted to obstetric wards for elective caesarean delivery and study period was February -March 2016. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20. Categorical variables were presented as proportions in tables and graphs, bars or pie charts). Continuous variable were summarized as means or medians and presented in table form.Results: The findings show that the correlation between actual weight and Ultra Sound estimated weight was significant (r=0.65, p<0.000). The findings further showed that the proportion of Ultra Sound methods estimations within 10% of the actual birth weight was 44% of the overall weights. Clinical methods estimations within 10% of the actual birth weight were 47% of the overall weights. The mean difference between actual birth weights and ultra sound estimated weights were statistically insignificantThe findings revealed that the correlation between actual weight and clinical methods estimated weight was stronger (r=0.79, p<0.000) as compared to the correlation between actual weight and Ultra Sound estimated weight (r=0.65, p<0.000).Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The finding of this study may influence further studies and decision on estimation of fetal weight. If clinical estimation is equal or same as ultrasound estimation then it can be recommended that all mothers undergo this instead of ultrasound for estimation of fetal weight. The results may be shared with the University of Nairobi, Kenyatta National Hospital and the Ministry of Health and any policy change resulting from this can be rolled down to counties.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH STUNTING, WASTING AND UNDERWEIGHT AMONG CHILDREN AGED 2-5 YEARS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT AND EDUCATION CENTERS IN MASINGA SUB COUNTY, MACHAKOS COUNTY
Authors: Mutua Ruth N. , Keriko Joseph , Mutai Joseph
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to determine factors associated with stunting, wasting and underweight among children aged 2-5 years in early childhood development and education centers in Masinga sub county, Machakos County.Methodology: This was a descriptive cross sectional study. This study was conducted amongst 322 children in 15 randomly selected public early childhood development and education centers. Simple random sampling was used to select the children. Data was collected from mothers of children aged 24 to 59 months using pre-tested structured questionnaires and was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 10. Chis-square was used to measure the relationship between variables at p≤ 0.05. Data was then presented in frequencies, percentages, graphs and tables.Results: Factors such as socio-economic characteristics, environmental and health characteristics of children, among others, were found to be having some form of associations with stunting, wasting and underweight. The following variables had significant relationship; mother’s religion with wasting p= 0.111, age of the child with stunting p= 0.033 and underweight p= 0.038, level of the ECDE with stunting p= 0.034 and underweight p= 0.038, sex of the child with stunting p= 0.021, underweight p= 0.032 and wasting p= 0.012 and availability of the toilet with underweight p= 0.024.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Stunting, wasting and underweight among children aged 2-5 years continue to be a major public health concern that needs concerted efforts from a multi-sectoral approach to at least reduce the impact associated with the same. Factors such as age of the child, level of the ECDE, sex and environment, among others, are some of the main contributors to stunting, wasting and underweight among children.  There is need for Machakos County government to implement a county nutrition integrated program with a community-based nutrition component that is linked to education, health, water and sanitation, and other relevant partners.
Mechanism of Increased Cancer Risk in HIV
Authors: Okuma A. O , Idahor C. O
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To critically appraise and explore the underlying mechanisms of increased cancer risk in HIV with a view to revealing novel opportunities in preventing and treating cancer in HIV.Methodology:Literature search was carried out with the aid of PubMed, Google scholar and New England Journal of Medicine.Findings: Different articles were reviewed to better understand the synergistic mechanisms of oncogenesis in HIV. Although, some mechanisms are largely unclear, evidences derived from several studies clarified the oncogenic mechanisms of some factors examined in this article. Immunodeficiency appears to be pivotal and fundamental to the proneness to cancer risk in HIV whereas evidence is emerging that a direct pro-oncogenic effect of HIV, chronic immune activation (inflammation), and possible carcinogenic effects of antiretroviral drug may also contribute. Furthermore, increasing age and lifestyle behaviors such as multiple sexual partners, anal sex, intravenous drug use and alcohol use could also contribute.Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy:While the role of immunosuppression as a risk factor for malignancy in HIV is well established, other synergistic mechanisms have been in the shadows of clinical practice. This review explores novel mechanisms associated with rise in titre of inflammatory markers, direct effects of HIV tat and vpr molecules and oncogenic effects of anti-retroviral drugs.Summary:Continued research on the mechanisms of cancer risk in HIV is advocated to better understand how to intervene to mitigate cancer risk. Possible exploration and investigation of the role of tat and vpr inhibitors is recommended as tat and vpr are highly implicated in the direct oncogenic effects of HIV.
PRECONCEPTION KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES AMONG WOMEN IN FERTILITY AGE IN THE TAMALE TEACHING HOSPITAL OF GHANA
Authors: Asumadu Obed Kwaku Duah , Effrim Sandra Esi , Ennin Beatrice , Amoabeng Angela Owusuah , Darcha Rosina , Boakye-Yiadom Akwasi , Peprah Wisdom , Saah Joel Afram , Asare Richard Opoku
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess preconception knowledge and practices and its effect on birth outcomes among puerperal women in the Tamale Teaching Hospital.Methodology: The study employed analytic cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach. A semi-structured questionnaire was used where questions on knowledge of preconception were adopted from Southampton Women’s Survey, 2006. Puerperal women in the postnatal unit of the Tamale Teaching Hospital, who were yet to be discharged, including referred cases, were selected as target population for this study. The exclusion criteria were women who have never delivered and menopausal women. The sample size was 363 puerperal women. Purposive sampling method was used to attain the required sample. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. In the analyses, a p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant when variables were cross-tabulated.Findings: The results of the study revealed a high proportion of puerperal women 161 (44.3%) were above 30 years. The mean age was 30.56±6.44 years. The study found that 37.2% women had knowledge on preconception care. There was a significant association between folic acid intake and postpartum haemorrhage (r=-0.183, p<0.0001). There was no statistical association between birth outcomes and concurrent loss of pregnancy and number of pregnancies lost except for birth weight (r=0.202, p=0.000). Albeit preconception care knowledge was low among puerperal women, it significantly influenced postpartum haemorrhage and pregnancy induced hypertension but not antepartum hemorrhage and birth weight.Recommendation: At the community level the study recommended to the Ghana Health Service that a mother-to-mother support group be formed among women in their reproductive age and this could help encourage one another to discuss about their health before pregnancy and share success stories on birth outcomes and report to the facility in case of any problems.
GAMBARAN KEJADIAN DEPRESI LANSIA DI PANTI WREDHA DHARMA BHAKTI SURAKARTA
Authors: Dewi Wulandari  , Estiningtyas
Published: September 2020

The elderly are very susceptible to health problems, including depression caused by stress in the face of life changes such as retirement, illness or physical disability, placement in nursing homes, partner deaths, and the need to care for couples whose health is declining. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the incidence of depression in elderly at Dharma Bhakti Surakarta nursing homes. This research was descriptive research. The study was conducted in May - July 2019. The population of this research was the elderly who are in Dharma Bhakti Surakarta nursing homes. Sampling used total sampling and obtained a sample of 73 respondents. Data collection techniques were carried out through filling the Geriatric Depression Scale-30 questionnaire. The results showed that most of the elderly (65.8%) did not experience depression. As many as 30.1% of respondents experienced mild depression and 4.1% experienced severe depression. Most respondents who were depressed were aged 60-74 years (15 elderly), female (18 elderly), had a history of working as a laborer (9 elderly), not graduating from elementary school (13 elderly), being widowed (12 elderly), and has independent functional abilities (20 elderly). Conclusion: The incidence of depression in Surakarta Wedha Dharma Bhakti Orphanage reached 34% (as many as 25 elderly from 73 respondents).
IDENTIFIKASI KEJADIAN GASTRITIS PADA SISWA SMU MUHAMMADYAH 3 MASARAN
Authors: Eka Novitayanti
Published: September 2020

Gastritis is a digestive problem that often occurs in adolescents, mostly attacking students and students. Gastritis is inflammation of the gastric mucosa. This study aims to determine the incidence of gastricitis in Muhammadyah 3 Masaran High School. The research method used was descriptive observational research. The population in the study were all students of Muhammadyah 3 Masaran High School. The sample research technique is total sampling where all members of the population are sampled. Results Identification of the incidence of gastritis in Muhammadyah High School 3 Masaran of 52 respondents who experienced gastritis as many as 27 respondents (51.9%). Gastritis is suffered a lot by high school students who are classified as teenagers because of irregular eating, so that it will disrupt the daily activities of high school students. Conclusion most of Muhammadyah 3 High School students in Masaran have gastritis. This research suggests students increasingly know the incidence of gastritis, causes and signs of symptoms so as to avoid the causes of gastritis.
Ezra Pound’s and Olga Rudge’s The Blue Spill
Authors: Byron Mark , Barnes Sophia
Published: September 2020

Written during the Italian winter of 1930, The Blue Spill is an unfinished detective novel written by Ezra Pound – the leading figure of modernist poetry in the 20th century – and his long-time companion Olga Rudge. Published for the first time in this authoritative critical edition, the novel reflects both Rudge’s and Pound’s voracious reading of popular fiction as it echoes and parodies such writers as Agatha Christie, Dorothy L. Sayers and P.G. Wodehouse.

Based on the original manuscripts of the novel, this critical edition includes annotation and textual commentary throughout. The book also includes critical essays exploring the contexts of the work, from the dynamics of artistic collaboration to the growing popularity of detective fiction at the beginning of the 20th century. Taken together, this unique publication sheds new light on the relationship between the literary avant-garde and popular culture in the modernist period.
Sonic Intimacy
Authors: James Malcolm
Published: September 2020

Sonic Intimacy is a key concept through which sound, human and technological relations can be assessed in relation to racial capitalism. What is sonic intimacy, how is it changing and what is at stake in its transformation, are questions that should concern us all. Through an analysis of alternative music cultures of the Black Atlantic (reggae sound systems, jungle pirate radio and grime YouTube music videos), Malcolm James critically shows how sonic intimacy pertains to modernity’s social, psychic, spatial and temporal movements. This book explores what is urgently at stake in the development of sonic intimacy for human relations and alternative black and anti-capitalist public politics.
Gin
Authors: Milliken Humphrey Shonna
Published: September 2020

Object Lessons is a series of short, beautifully designed books about the hidden lives of ordinary things.

Gin tastes like Christmas to some and rotten pine chips to others, but nearly everyone familiar with the spirit holds immediate gin nostalgia.

Although early medical textbooks treated it as a healing agent, early alchemists (as well as their critics) claimed gin’s base was a path to immortality—and also Satan’s tool. In more recent times, the gin trade consolidated the commercial and political power of nations and prompted a social campaign against women. Gin has been used successfully as a defense for murder; blamed for massive unrest in 18th-century England; and advertised for as an abortifacient.

From its harshest proto-gin distillation days to the current smooth craft models, gin plays a powerful cultural role in film, music, and literature—one that is arguably older, broader, and more complex than any other spirit.

Object Lessons is published in partnership with an essay series in the The Atlantic.
Darkthrone’s A Blaze in the Northern Sky
Authors: Hagen Ross
Published: September 2020

Darkthrone’s A Blaze in the Northern Sky (1992) is a foundational keystone of the musical and aesthetic vision of the notorious Norwegian black metal scene and one of the most beloved albums of the genre. Its mysterious artwork and raw sound continue to captivate and inspire black metal fans and musicians worldwide. This book explores the album in the context of exoticism and musical geography, examining how black metal music has come to conjure images of untamed Nordic wildernesses for fans worldwide. In doing so, it analyzes aspects of musical style and production that created the distinctly "grim" sound of Darkthrone and Norwegian black metal.
Permafrost thaw couples slopes with downstream systems and effects propagate through
Arctic drainage networks
Authors: Kokelj Steven V. , Kokoszka Justin , van der Sluijs Jurjen , Rudy Ashley C. A. , Tunnicliffe John , Shakil Sarah , Tank Suzanne , Zolkos Scott
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The intensification of thaw-driven mass wasting is transforming glacially-conditioned permafrost terrain, coupling slopes with aquatic systems, and triggering a cascade of downstream effects. Within the context of recent, rapidly evolving climate controls on the geomorphology of permafrost terrain we: A) quantify three-dimensional slump enlargement and described the processes and thresholds coupling slopes to downstream systems; B) investigate catchment-scale patterns of slope thermokarst (thaw slumps and slides) impacts and the geomorphic implications; and C) project the propagation of effects through hydrological networks draining continuous permafrost of northwestern Canada. Power-law relationships between thaw-slump area and volume (R2 = 0.90), and thickness of permafrost thawed (R2 = 0.63), combined with the multi-decadal (1985–2018) increase in areal extent of thaw-slump disturbance show a two-order of magnitude increase in catchment-scale geomorphic activity and the coupling of slope and hydrological systems. Predominant catchment effects are to first- and second-order streams where sediment delivery commonly exceeds stream transport capacity by orders of magnitude indicating millennial-scale perturbation of downstream systems. Assessment of hydrological networks indicates thaw-driven mass wasting directly affects over 6,760 km of stream segments, 890 km of coastline, and 1,370 lakes in the 994,860 km2 study area. Downstream propagation of slope thermokarst indicates a potential increase in the number of affected lakes by at least a factor of 4 (n > 5,600), impacted stream length by a factor of 7 (> 48,000 km) and defines several major impact zones to lakes, deltas, and coastal areas. Prince of Wales Strait is the receiving marine environment for greatly increased sediment and geochemical fluxes from numerous slump impacted hydrological networks draining the landmasses of Banks and Victoria Islands. Peel and Mackenzie Rivers are globally significant conveyors of the slope thermokarst cascade delivering effects to North America’s largest Delta and the Beaufort Sea. Climate-driven erosion of ice-rich slopes in permafrost preserved glaciated terrain has triggered a time-transient cascade of downstream effects that signal the renewal of post-glacial landscape evolution. Glacial legacy and the patterns of continental drainage dictate that terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments of western Arctic Canada will be an interconnected hotspot of thaw-driven change through the coming millennia.
Stem Cell Therapy for Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction in Rodent Models: A Systematic Review
Authors: Salehi-Pourmehr Hanieh , Hajebrahimi Sakineh , Rahbarghazi Reza , Pashazadeh Fariba , Mahmoudi Javad , Maasoumi Narjes , Sadigh-Eteghad Saeed
Published: September 2020

Purpose: Neurogenic bladder dysfunction (NGB) has an impact on the quality of life, which made it an important research subject in preclinical studies. The present review investigates the effect of stem cell (SC) therapy on bladder functional recovery after the onset of spinal cord injury (SCI), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson disease (PD), and stroke in rodent models.Methods: All experiments evaluated the regenerative potential of SC on the management of NGB in rodent models up to June 2019, were included. From 1,189 relevant publications, 20 studies met our inclusion criteria of which 15 were conducted on SCI, 2 on PD, 2 on stroke, and 1 on MS in the rodent models. We conducted a meta-analysis on SCI experiments and for other neurological diseases, detailed urodynamic findings were reported.Results: The common SC sources used for therapeutical purposes were neural progenitor cells, bone marrow mesenchymal SCs, human amniotic fluid SCs, and human umbilical cord blood SCs. There was a significant improvement of micturition pressure in both contusion and transaction SCI models 4 and 8 weeks post-SC transplantation. Residual urine volume, micturition volume, and bladder capacity were improved 28 days after SC transplantation only in the transaction model of SCI. Nonvoiding contraction recovered only in 56 days post-cell transplantation in the contusion model.Conclusions: Partial bladder recovery has been evident after SC therapy in SCI models. Due to limitations in the number of studies in other neurological diseases, additional studies are necessary to confirm the detailed mechanism for bladder recovery.
Cognitive Function and Urologic Medications for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Authors: Kim Yeon Joo , Tae Bum Sik , Bae Jae Hyun
Published: September 2020

Special considerations should be made when selecting medications for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in older patients especially those over 65 years old. This review summarizes the relationship between current treatments for LUTS and cognitive impairment. Although the recently reported association between dementia and tamsulosin is debatable, the effects of α-blockers and pharmacokinetics are not reported in this context. Five-alpha reductase inhibitors appear to affect mood. However, the association between the development of dementia and cognitive impairment is unlikely. Anticholinergic agents, other than trospium, fesoterodine, and imdafenacin have a relatively high distribution in the central nervous system. In particular, oxybutynin is reported to cause cognitive impairment. Several animal studies on the blood-brain barrier permeability of oxybutynin support this. Therefore, care must be taken when they are used in older patients (65 years and older). Beta-3 agonists are an alternative to, or may be used in combination with, anticholinergic drugs for patients with an overactive bladder (OAB). Several phase 2 and 3 clinical studies report high tolerability and efficacy, making them relatively safe for OAB treatment. However, there is a possibility that cognitive function may be affected; thus, long-term study data are required. We have reviewed studies investigating the correlation of urologic medications with cognitive dysfunction and have provided an overview of drug selection, as well as other considerations in older patients (65 years and older) with LUTS. This narrative review has focused primarily on articles indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Embase databases. No formal search strategy was used, and no meta-analysis of data was performed.
New Frontiers or the Treatment of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome - Focused on Stem Cells, Platelet-Rich Plasma, and Low-Energy Shock Wave
Authors: Lin Chih-Chieh , Huang Yun-Ching , Lee Wei-Chia , Chuang Yao-Chi
Published: September 2020

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), which is characterized by bladder pain and irritative voiding symptoms, is a frustrating disease without effective treatment. The cause is still largely not understood, although urothelium ischemia/hypoxia, apoptosis, denudation, and infiltration of inflammatory cells are common histopathological findings. The current uncertainty regarding the etiology and pathology of IC/BPS has a negative impact on its timely and successful treatment; therefore, the development of new treatment modalities is urgently needed. Herein, we present advances in our knowledge on this topic and review the potential application of regenerative medicine for the treatment of IC/BPS. This article provides information on the basic characteristics and clinical evidence of stem cells, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and low-energy shock waves (LESWs) based on a literature review with a search strategy for articles related to IC/BPS, stem cells, PRP, and LESW published in MEDLINE and PubMed. Stem cells, PRP, and LESW, which modulate inflammatory processes and promote tissue repair, have been proven to improve bladder regeneration, relieve bladder pain, inhibit bladder inflammation, and increase bladder capacity in some preclinical studies. However, clinical studies are still in their infancy. Based on the mechanisms of action of stem cells, PRP, and LESW documented in many preclinical studies, the potential applications of regenerative medicine for the treatment of IC/BPS is an emerging frontier of interest. However, solid evidence from clinical studies remains to be obtained.
Opinions of Parents on Fencing Trainers Whose Children Are Fencing Athletes: Qualitative Study
Authors: Kalkan Naci
Published: September 2020

The aim of this research is to approach the characteristics in fencing coaches through the opinions of the parents of the athletes. The pattern of the research is phenomenon. A total of 10 parents, whose children participated in fencing competitions, participated in the study. In the study, the data were collected by using the “Personal Information Form” containing questions for parents and the semi-structured “Parental Interview Form” consisting of open-ended questions. In the study ‘Personal Characteristics Required by the Coach, Professional Skills the Coach Should Have, Communication Skills The Coach Should Have, Training Performance Expected from the Coach, Tournament Performance Expected from the Coach’ themes were reached. As a conclusion of the results obtained in the study, it is recommended that coaches take part in continuous development activities and establish a strong communication network with parents and athletes.
El Salvador y los estereotipos de la mujer que prevalecen en su publicidad televisiva
Authors: Alvarado Isabel , Molina Jorge
Published: September 2020

Stereotypes naturalize social imageries on gender and sexuality, therefore, it turns out important to advance the investigation of these themes, in order to discover various edges that allow to capture, analyze and interpret aspects significant of the media representations (Muñoz & Bastidas, 2016). The different edges to address the issue of gender stereotypes and the violence that can trigger are important to take into account, especially if you talk about this reproduction takes place in mass media such as television, and with tools such as advertising. In El Salvador, the reproduction of stereotypes gender in advertising is defined, according to the Salvadoran Institute for Development for the Woman (ISDEMU), as a type of violence against women, specifically as symbolic violence (ISDEMU, 2013), For what is important the analysis of this social problem from the point of marketing view, specifically advertising on television, which is a massive and important medium of transmission of advertising content. This study aims to determine the existence of gender stereotypes in advertising Salvadoran open signal television, and also identify the different types of stereotypes present in said advertising, in order to start a way to later understand the impact that these can generate in a society specifically in such a violent like the Salvadoran. Likewise, it proposes a interdisciplinary approach, from the study of social representations.
Realidad Empresarial No. 9, 2020: 25-40
Raga's Beauty Salon
Authors: Aguilar Pacas Griselda , Flores Marta Irene
Published: September 2020

Abstracts are not available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 9, 2020: 41-44
Trabajo y salud mental en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Molina Jorge
Published: September 2020

Abstracts are not available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 9, 2020: 52-55
Different levels of morphophysiological seed dormancy in Ribes alpinum and R. uva-crispa (Grossulariaceae) facilitate adaptation to differentiated habitats
Authors: Herranz-Ferrer Raquel , Copete-Carreño Miguel Ángel , Herranz-Sanz José María , Copete-Carreño Elena , Ferrandis-Gotor Pablo
Published: September 2020

Aim of the study: To study the germination ecology of two species of the genus Ribes to reveal their levels of morphophysiological dormancy (MPD) and to facilitate the production of plants from seeds, a key tool for population reinforcement.Area of study: Experiments were carried out both outdoors and in the laboratory in Albacete (Spain) with seeds from the Meridional Iberian System mountain range.Material and methods: Seeds from one population of Ribes alpinum and from other of Ribes uva-crispa were collected during several years. Embryo length, radicle and seedling emergence, and effects on germination of stratification and GA3 were analysed to determine the level of MPD.Main results: In R. alpinum, embryo length in fresh seeds was 0.49 mm, needing to grow to 1.30 mm to germinate. Warm stratification (25/10ºC) promoted embryo length enlargement to 0.97 mm. Afterwards, seeds germinated within a wide temperature range. Embryo growth and seedling emergence occur late summer-early autumn. In R. uva-crispa, embryo length in fresh seeds was 0.52 mm, being 2.10 mm the minimal size to germinate. Embryos exposed to a moderately warm stratification (20/7ºC + 15/4ºC) followed by cold (5ºC) grew to 2.30 mm. Then, seeds germinated ≥ 80% when incubated at temperatures ≥ 15/4ºC. Embryos grew in autumn/early winter, and seedlings emerged late winter-early spring.Research highlights: These results showed that R. alpinum seeds have a nondeep simple MPD while R. uva-crispa seeds have a nondeep complex MPD. Moreover, the different germinative models found for each species help explain their installation in distinct habitats.Keywords: Ribes; seed dormancy break; radicle emergence; seedling emergence; nondeep simple and nondeep complex MPD.Abbreviations used: Morphophysiological dormancy (MPD), morphological dormancy (MD), Gibberellic acid (GA3), months (m).
A fast, flexible and inexpensive protocol for DNA and RNA extraction for forest trees
Authors: Kurt Yusuf , Matallana-Ramirez Lilian , Kohlway William , Whetten Ross , Frampton John
Published: September 2020

Aim of the study: DNA and RNA extraction are still one of the most important and challenging steps of many molecular genetics applications such as Next-Generation Sequencing technologies. In this study, traditional laboratory preparation protocols and commercially available nucleic acids extraction kits’ features were combined into a procedure suitable for extraction of either DNA or RNA in 96-well plate format at high throughput.Area of study: The study covers forest tree species from the United States of America.Materials and methods: The DNA and RNA protocol were tested on 27 species, including especially recalcitrant forest tree species, from five angiosperm and three gymnosperm families. DNA was also extracted from stored (from 2 to 6 years) silica-dried samples of 11 species of Pinaceae.Main results: The spectrophotometric analysis of DNA and RNA showed that gymnosperms yielded lower quantity, but higher quality nucleic acids than angiosperms which have variable results among species. The quantity and quality of DNA from stored samples were generally lower than fresh silica-dried samples. The RNA results showed high-enough yield (6.6 to 8.8 RIN) for downstream analyses.Research highlights: It was demonstrated that high quality and high molecular weight nucleic acids for Next-Generation Sequencing applications can be isolated from hundreds of samples from a wide range of taxonomic groups. The new protocol has features similar to both traditional laboratory and commercial extraction kits; is easy to set up in any molecular research laboratory, can be applied to a large number of samples (hundreds) in a working day, uses inexpensive reagents and supplies, and is compatible with automation.Key words: Angiosperms; gymnosperms; isolation protocol; nucleic acids.
Effect of Knowledge Sharing and Digital Management to Performance on Ecotourism in Ranong Province, Thailand
Authors: Mekhum Witthaya , Torasa Chonmapat
Published: September 2020

Ecotourism is the combination of ecosystem and tourism. Ecosystem tourism includes travel to destinations where flora, fauna, and cultural heritage are the primary attractions. Present study wants to establish the link between knowledge sharing, information and communication technology (ICT) and ecotourism performance with mediation of tourist attraction and digital management system among employees of ecotourism provider companies in Ranong province of Thailand. Data is collected through questionnaire survey method and via dropdown technique. Partial Least Square (PLS) is used in this study for data analysis. Results indicate that knowledge sharing related to ecotourism and ICT has positive significant impact on ecotourism performance and on tourist attraction and digital management system respectively. Tourist attraction has positive significant impact on ecotourism performance but not mediate the relation. Digital management system mediates the relation and also has the positive significant impact on ecotourism performance. Practitioners should focus on knowledge sharing variable, ICT and digital management system for increasing the ecotourism performance among ecotourism provider companies in Ranong province of Thailand.
Delayed Proximal Flow Diverting Stent Migration in a Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Takong Wittawat , Kobkitsuksakul Chai
Published: September 2020

A flow diverter can be used to treat a ruptured aneurysm, especially during complicated cases for endovascular or open microsurgical procedures. However, some complications have been reported such as occlusion of side branches or perforating arteries, stent migration or improper stent position, re-rupture of the aneurysm, and in-stent thrombosis. A 38-year-old man diagnosed with a ruptured left supraclinoid aneurysm was treated with a Pipeline embolization device. Despite adequate stent coverage of the aneurysmal neck, delayed proximal migration was seen in follow-up imaging. To our knowledge, proximal migration of the stent mostly happens intraoperatively due to an undersized stent or excessive stretching. We report a case of delayed proximal flow diverter stent migration.