bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisi corpus-based e didattica della lingua italiana. I risultati di una sperimentazione di linguistica educativa
Authors: Nitti Paolo
Published: July 2022

Corpus linguistics has developed significantly as a branch of applied linguistics in recent times, in relation to the possibilities of employment in research both in linguistics and in related disciplines. This field of study, furthermore, aims at assaying and describing the salient characteristics of a language by questioning collected and stored data on computer support, in the most applicable way. Considering the proposed definition, it was decided to use the methodology of collection, archiving, and interrogation, specific of corpus-based analysis, within the language educational practices for teaching Italian as L1 and L2. For the purposes of experimentation, a working group of 30 Italian teachers was set up that was aimed at students from different educational orders, and specific training was proposed, within a course organised by Centro Interculturale della Città di Torino. At the end of the course, the teaching staff were able to use the operative modalities of the corpus linguistics with regard to the collection and analysis of the linguistic productions of the students, questioning the corpora with respect to the linguistic uses. In conclusion, the corpora were used as a tool for linguistic analysis and to suggest interventions on error analysis, proving effective both for teachers and for learners. Actually, all the linguistic productions have been used as a basis for the linguistic research proposed to the learners. Teachers were offered a questionnaire about experimentation and the results were positive, as these showed how corpus linguistics can contribute to a significant awareness of learners about the language and learning goals.
Development of a bench-scale apparatus to assess thermal protective performance of garments under highly intensive heat-flux exposures
Authors: Kwon Minjae , Kang Sungwook , Choi Joung Yoon , Bhutta Rumeel , Choi Sengkwan
Published: July 2022

Thermal protective clothing protects emergency responders from fire hazards. The thermal protective performance of the multi-layer fabric is standardly evaluated at the average value of a 1–3-cal/(cm2s)-intensity range. Considering the magnitude of modern fire events, the range’s upper limit (3 cal/(cm2s)) was proposed to take into account a critical radiation condition and a bench-scale apparatus, capable of creating the critical experimental environment, was developed in this study. This instrument includes a vertical configuration heater with an active water-cooling part, a vertical orientation specimen-assembly with a measuring part, a movable specimen-holder and thermal shields operated by pneumatic pumps, an exhaust hood connected to a pan, a data acquisition system, heating-power and mechanical equipment controllers and a computer with in-house burn-injury analysis software. A preliminary test was conducted to determine a specimen-assembly position that both optimised the heat-source power, heater-capability and apparatus-sustainability, and subsequently validated the uniformity and consistency of irradiance on the test sample. To conduct repeatable measurements, an in-house program was used to operate the heater, specimen assembly and thermal shields semi-automatically, in a sequence. The software includes an algorithm that allows one to analyse heat transfers across human-skin layers and to assess the degree of burn injuries. This paper outlines a comprehensive process of creating an experimental environment for samples that need to be exposed to a critical thermal condition.
Explanatory models of mental illness among working professionals diagnosed with bipolar or depression in the United States
Authors: Elliott Marta
Published: July 2022

Background:

People diagnosed with mental illness develop a variety of explanatory models of their conditions in the face of uncertainty. Explanatory models matter because they are associated with internalized stigma and illness behaviors such as treatment preferences.

Aims:

This paper explores how working professionals in the United States draw on biological and/or environmental factors to explain the cause(s) of their diagnoses of bipolar or depression.

Method:

Findings are derived from an analysis of transcripts of in-depth interviews with 52 individuals from across the United States who were invited to participate in a study of working professionals diagnosed with mental illness. About 25 self-identified as having bipolar disorder and 27 as having major depression. Transcript data were analyzed following the principles of flexible coding with the goal of establishing a typology of explanatory models of self-identified bipolar versus depression.

Results:

Six types of explanatory models emerged from the analysis. One was exclusively biological, a second was exclusively environmental, and the remaining four combined biological and environmental factors in different ways. Quotations from the interviews are provided to illustrate each type, and comparisons between types are made based on primary diagnosis (bipolar vs. depression), and self-reports of trauma and stressful experiences.

Conclusion:

Implications for the future research on explanatory models and how they may impact people who are diagnosed with a mental illness across multiple dimensions of their lives are presented.
Between Equality and Prejudice: Chinese Planning on the Postwar Status of the Chinese Diaspora, 1940–9
Authors: Lo Yui Chim
Published: July 2022

China's ruling Nationalist government saw the Second World War as an opportunity to shape the postwar world in China's favour. However, existing studies have often focused on China's plans on territorial arrangements in East Asia. This article examines how Nationalist China imagined and attempted to improve the postwar status of the Chinese diaspora in host countries. During the war, Nationalist China envisaged the removal of discriminatory treatment against the Chinese diaspora and planned to advocate racial equality. However, this equality was often intended to be parity with white people and Japanese rather than other Asians. Some Chinese officials even claimed that the Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia should receive preferential treatment, which resonated with their perceptions that Chinese were superior to other Asians. As atrocities against Chinese migrants in Southeast Asia after the war mounted, China was forced to concentrate on saving their lives and assets. At the Asian Relations Conference, held in India in March–April 1947, Chinese delegates defended the Chinese diaspora against sceptical delegates of Southeast Asian nations. Although the conference delegates reached an agreement on treating foreign migrants in each country fairly, the Chinese diaspora still found itself in a precarious position.
The Link Between Action Verb Processing and Action Observation: A Developmental Study
Authors: Bidet-Ildei Christel , Beauprez Sophie-Anne , Toussaint Lucette
Published: July 2022

In this work we aimed to assess the typical link in human development between action observation and language. For this, we studied, in 68 children aged 5–11 years of age, how action verbs can prime action representation. While children 7–8 years of age benefited from a congruent action verb prime when they had to judge an image representing an action, this effect was not present in 5–6-year-olds. Thus, the link between language and action observation changes during development at about age 7. We discussed these findings in consideration of current theories proposed to account for the action-language link.
Policing gun crimes: A comprehensive review of strategies and effectiveness
Authors: Jiao Allan Y
Published: July 2022

This paper provides a comprehensive review of various studies of police initiatives and practices in dealing with gun crimes. It is aimed at developing a detailed as well as general understanding of different police strategies and their effectiveness in reducing gun crime. The results include two classifications, one on research designs and the other on various police strategies and their effectiveness. They suggest an expanded categorization of police strategies for addressing gun crimes from uniformed targeted patrols and focused deterrence to situational/routine activities and tech-driven law enforcement. Related issues and concerns including methodological flaws were also discussed.
The Differential Impact of Reopening States With and Without COVID-19 Face Mask Mandates on County-Level Consumer Spending
Authors: Dunphy Christopher , Miller Gabrielle F. , Sunshine Gregory , McCord Russell , Howard-Williams Mara , Proia Krista , Stephens James
Published: July 2022

Objectives:

By the end of 2020, 38 states and the District of Columbia had issued requirements that people wear face masks when in public settings to counter SARS-CoV-2 transmission. To examine the role face mask mandates played in economic recovery, we analyzed the interactive effect of having a state face mask mandate in place on county-level consumer spending after state reopening, adjusting for county rates of new COVID-19 cases and deaths, time trends, and county-specific effects.

Methods:

We collected county-specific data from state executive orders, consumer spending data from the Opportunity Insights Economic Tracker, and COVID-19 case and death data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 tracker. Using an event study approach, we compared county-level changes in consumer spending before and after state-issued closure orders were lifted and assessed the interactive effect of state-issued face mask mandates.

Results:

The lifting of state-issued closures was associated with an average increase in consumer spending across all counties studied within 1 month. However, the increase was 1.2-1.7 percentage points higher in counties with a state face mask mandate in place than in counties without a state face mask mandate.

Conclusions:

In addition to their public health benefits, face mask mandates may have assisted economic recovery during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting they are a strong public health strategy for policy makers to consider now and for potential future pandemics arising from airborne viruses.
Effect of germanium particle size on the negative air ion release and antimicrobial performances of germanium–polyamide 6 composite fibers
Authors: Chen Zhi , Ke Huizhen , Wang Jian , Li Zhongjian , Li Yonggui , Jia Hao , Wei Qufu
Published: July 2022

Germanium–polyamide 6 (Ge-PA6) fibers A, B and C containing germanium particles with sizes of D50 = 0.2, 2 and 7 μm were prepared using the melt spinning method. The effect of germanium particle size on the morphologies, mechanical properties, negative air ion (NAI) release and antimicrobial efficiencies of the two kinds of fibers were compared and analyzed. The NAI release and antimicrobial mechanisms of the Ge-PA6 fibers were also discussed. Results indicated that the germanium particles dispersed well inside the PA6 fiber substrate in the range of 1–3 wt%, and smaller particles help the fiber to obtain better diameter evenness and mechanical performance compared with larger ones. The stronger extranuclear electron activity and electrostatic voltage along the C-axis allow the fiber that contains smaller germanium particles to produce more NAIs compared to that containing larger particles. Some 780 and 1587 ions/m3 of NAIs could be produced by fiber A under the circumstance of 35°C and 40 N extrusion force when the germanium concentration was fixed at 3 wt%. The excellent NAI release property of the Ge-PA6 fiber endows it with inspiring antibacterial activity against S. aureus and C. albicans with a 12 h bacteriostasis rate of more than 90% at human body temperature. These results indicated Ge-PA6 fibers have great application potential in apparel and medical textiles.
Agassi on Technology
Authors: Berkson William
Published: July 2022

Joseph Agassi's distinction and characterization of science, applied science, and technology—with invention connecting applied science and technology—has been a signal contribution. His theory of science, though, is flawed by his rejection of any role for corroboration, when corroboration in fact has guided researchers in various ways. His later, more extensive discussions of these issues, unfortunately have not advanced on his important early work.
Longitudinal Associations of Perceived Mastery and Constraints With Coping and Their Implications for Functional Health for Aging Adults
Authors: Toyama Masahiro , Hektner Joel M.
Published: July 2022

The present study examined longitudinal associations of distinct dimensions of perceived control (i.e., perceived mastery and constraints) with approach and avoidance coping relating to functional health for aging adults, which had not been well studied previously. Using data from two waves of Midlife in the United States ( N = 4,963, whose mean age was 55.4 [ SD = 12.5]), a longitudinal path model was analyzed for direct and indirect effects among perceived mastery and constraints, approach and avoidance coping, and functional limitations. Bidirectional associations were observed between perceived mastery and approach coping and between perceived constraints and avoidance coping. Moreover, perceived constraints not only were directly associated with functional limitations but also mediated the longitudinal associations of the other factors of interest with functional limitations. These findings can inform future research on perceived control and coping in the context of promoting functional health.
Children tongue leiomyosarcoma: A rare case and literature review
Authors: Wang Shaojie , Song Changlong , Yang Xinjie , Yang Yaowu , Wei Jianhua
Published: July 2022

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the tongue is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor with high recurrence rate and metastatic potential. Through analysis of one case condition and literature review, this paper discusses the clinical characteristics and treatment methods and recommends that expanded resection surgery should be the first intervention. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and combined chemotherapy should be administered if the case specifically requires such an approach.
Political Participation Among Middle-Aged and Older Asian Americans
Authors: Bui Cindy N. , Kim Kyungmin , Song Qian , Jang Yuri
Published: July 2022

Political civic participation is an important dimension of engagement in adulthood, but low rates are often reported among middle-aged and older Asian American immigrants. Acculturation to American culture has been associated with more civic participation, yet little is understood about how informal social contexts may play an additional role in these relationships. Using data from the 2015 Asian American Quality of Life survey, this study examined how political civic participation was associated with acculturation and social contexts in a diverse sample of Asian Americans aged 40 and above in Central Texas. Negative binomial regression results indicated that years lived in the U.S. familiarity with American culture, and friend network size were associated with more political participation. Furthermore, social contexts such as larger friend networks exhibited potential to shape how one’s adjustment to life in the U.S. is related to their political participation.
Factor markets, institutional quality and firm formalisation: The contingent effect of economic conditions at the founding stage
Authors: Galdino Katia M , Molina-Sieiro Gonzalo , Lamont Bruce T , Holmes R Michael
Published: July 2022

The informal economy makes an important contribution to economic activity but knowledge about the country-level conditions that influence an informal firm’s willingness to formalise is limited. This article integrates insights from institutional theory and the imprinting hypothesis to explain how factor markets and institutional quality affect the likelihood that informal firms formalise over time, as well as how these effects are contingent on economic conditions at the founding stage. Using data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys comprising of 8005 observations from 2477 firms in 73 countries, the results suggest that better factor markets and institutional quality increase the likelihood of formalisation and these relationships are strengthened by favourable economic conditions at the founding stage. The low correlation between factor markets and institutional quality supports the importance of separating these dimensions, while the moderating effect of economic conditions at the founding stage supports the importance of imprinting.
Opinion-leading media as indicators of a democracy at risk: The press and the rise of National Socialism between 1927 and 1932
Authors: Seethaler Josef , Melischek Gabriele
Published: July 2022

The rise of National Socialism in the late 1920s and 1930s happened within democratic societies with well-developed media systems. This gives rise to whether an increasingly right-wing press climate aided the emergence of National Socialism. Based on a comparative analysis of post-election reporting in German and Austrian newspapers, this paper argues that changes in the spectrum of opinion-leading media and in the relations both between them and with the opinion-following media can serve as indicators of a democracy at risk. Utilizing sociometric theory, it is hypothesized that in times of severe democratic crisis, the gap between elite-dominated, opinion-leading media and mass newspapers widens; reciprocal orientation among the opinion-leading media is lessened; and, finally, the composition of this group changes in favour of radical political forces. There is empirical evidence for all assumptions, reflecting a growing significance of extreme right-wing positions in the political information environment.
The Italian version of the Erasmus MC modifications to the Nottingham Sensory Assessment for patients following acquired brain injury: Translation and reliability study
Authors: Baroni Andrea , Bassini Giacomo , Marcello Emma , Filippini Francesca , Mottaran Silvia , Lavezzi Susanna , Crow J. Lesley , Basaglia Nino , Straudi Sofia
Published: July 2022

Objective

To develop the Italian version of the Erasmus MC modifications to the Nottingham Sensory Assessment and to investigate its internal consistency, intra- and inter-rater reliability.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Rehabilitation department.

Subjects

A total of 34 patients with acquired brain injury.

Main measure

The translation and cultural adaptation process was completed, and the testing procedures of the Italian version of the Erasmus MC modifications to the Nottingham Sensory Assessment were standardized. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha index; assessment of intra- and inter-rater reliability was carried out using weighted kappa coefficient.

Results

The internal consistency of the tactile sensations and the proprioception items of the Italian version of the Erasmus MC modifications to the Nottingham Sensory Assessment were generally acceptable to excellent with a range of Cronbach's alpha between 0.73 and 0.97. The intra-rater reliability of the tactile sensations and the proprioception items of the Italian version of the Erasmus MC modifications to the Nottingham Sensory Assessment were generally good to excellent with a range of weighted kappa coefficients between 0.47 and 1.00. Likewise, the inter-rater reliabilities of these items were predominantly good to excellent with a range of weighted kappa coefficients between 0.42 and 0.92.

Conclusion

The Italian version of the Erasmus MC modifications to the Nottingham Sensory Assessment is a reliable screening tool to evaluate primary somatosensory impairments in patients with acquired brain injury. Further research is necessary to consolidate these results and establish the validity and responsiveness of the Italian version of the Erasmus MC modifications to the Nottingham Sensory Assessment.
Optimized fuzzy fractional PI-based MPPT controllers for a variable-speed wind turbine
Authors: Noureddine Sarir , Morsli Sebaa , Tayeb Allaoui
Published: July 2022

In recent years, wind power has become one of the most popular sources of renewable electricity generation. However, the wind is, by its nature, a highly intermittent source of energy. To capture the maximum power, wind turbines are generally equipped with a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Controller. This paper proposes effective and robust MPPT control strategies based on Fuzzy Logic controller PI (FPI) and Fuzzy logic Fractional Order controller PI (FFOPI). Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used to optimize the membership functions of FPI and FFOPI. The proposed MPPT strategies are validated on a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG)-variable-speed wind energy conversion system. The overall model of the wind turbine-PMSG and control scheme is developed in MATLAB/Simulink and SimPower Systems toolbox. The results show that the MPPT based on FFOPI control optimized by PSO leads to the best transient response performance and robustness.
A network pharmacology approach to explore and validate the potential targets of ginsenoside on osteoporosis
Authors: Guo Ling , Zhen Qingliu , Zhen Xiaoyue , Cui Zhaoyang , Jiang Chao , Zhang Qiang , Gao Kun , Luan Deheng , Zhou Xuanchen
Published: July 2022

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is determined as a chronic systemic bone disorder to increase the susceptibility to fracture. Ginsenosides have been found the anti-osteoporotic activity of in vivo and in vitro. However, its mechanism remains unknown.Methods: The potential mechanism of ginsenosides in anti-osteoporotic activity was identified by using network phamacology analysis. The active compounds of ginsenosides and their targets associated to OP were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, Drug Bank, Pharmmapper, and Cytoscape. The Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis target genes were performed in String, Phenopedia, DisGeNET database, and Metascape software. The protein to protein interaction were created by String database and Cytoscape software. The molecular docking was used to investigate the interactions between active coumpounds and potential targets by utilizing SwissDock tool, UCSF Chimera, and Pymol software. Results: A total of eight important active ingredients and 17 potential targets related to OP treatment were subjected to analyze. GO analysis showed the anti-osteoporosis targets of ginsenoside mainly play a role in the response to steroid hormone. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that ginsenoside treats OP by osteoblast differentiation signal pathway. Lastly, the molecular docking outcomes indicated that ginsenoside rh2 had a good binding ability with four target proteins IL1B, TNF, IFNG, and NFKBIA. Conclusion: IL1B, TNF, IFNG, and NFKBIA are the most important targets and osteoblast differentiation is the most valuable signaling pathways in ginsenoside for the treatment of OP, which might be beneficial to elucidate the mechanism concerned to the action of ginsenoside and might supply a better understanding of its anti-OP effects.
Where does money come from? The dual circuit of money creation
Authors: Kuchler Barbara
Published: July 2022

The workings of monetary systems have been controversially discussed. Mainstream economists assert that money creation is a ‘top down’ process governed by centralized monetary policy decisions (central banks => banks => customers), while heterodox economists emphasize ‘bottom up’ dynamics in the opposite direction, driven by customers’ demand for credit. The article draws on sociological insights into the complementarity of formal and informal structures to show how this paradigmatic alternative can be read as a real structural dualism, with two conflicting but complementary chains of influence and initiative. It suggests a ‘dual circuit’ of money creation, with a formal ‘top down’ chain inscribed in institutional competencies, clearing and control mechanisms, and an informal ‘bottom up’ chain emerging spontaneously from everyday maneuvers and pragmatic accommodations by participants. Both chains are contradictory in theory but compatible in practice. This dualistic solution cannot be officially acknowledged, but it is highly viable and apt to operate under complex, uncertain, and variable conditions.
Converting One-Way Streets to Two-Way Streets to Improve Transportation Network Efficiency and Reduce Vehicle Distance Traveled
Authors: Boeing Geoff , Riggs William (Billy)
Published: July 2022

Planning scholars have identified economic, safety, and social benefits of converting one-way streets to two-way. Less is known about how conversions could impact vehicular distances traveled—of growing relevance in an era of fleet automation, electrification, and ride-hailing. We simulate such a conversion in San Francisco, California. We find that its current street network’s average intra-city trip is ~1.7 percent longer than it would be with all two-way streets, corresponding to 27 million kilometers of annual surplus travel. As transportation technologies evolve, planners must consider different facets of network efficiency to align local policy and street design with sustainability and other societal goals.
Transforming historical research practices – a digital infrastructure for the VOC archives (GLOBALISE)
Authors: Petram Lodewijk , van Rossum Matthias
Published: July 2022

The GLOBALISE project aims to unlock c. 5 million pages from the archives of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) for in-depth research. Funded by the Dutch Research Council 1 , GLOBALISE is a collaboration of the Huygens Institute, the International Institute of Social History and the Digital Infrastructure department of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Humanities Cluster; the Computational Linguistics & Text Mining Lab of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; the CREATE research programme of the University of Amsterdam; and the Dutch National Archives. The project team consists of historians, computational linguists, data specialists and software developers. We expect to deliver a first prototype of the research infrastructure in early 2024; all tools and data will be open access available by the end of 2026. As all of this will be a large-scale undertaking, we invite researchers and the wider interested public to work with us, especially to provide data, help annotate or enrich the VOC materials. In return, they get early access to our data and tools. More information about contributing to GLOBALISE can be found on the project website: https://globalise.huygens.knaw.nl/ .
Disease-Targeted Treatment Translation in Fragile X Syndrome as a Model for Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Berry-Kravis Elizabeth
Published: July 2022

Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common monogenic cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, has been one of the first neurodevelopmental disorders in which molecular and neuronal mechanisms of disease were identified, leading to the concept of targeting the underlying disease to reverse symptoms. Translating findings in basic science and animal models to humans with FXS has proven difficult. These challenges have prompted the FXS field to organize to build interlocking projects and initiatives to improve consistency of supportive care, make clinical research accessible to families, generate collaborative research on natural history, outcome measures and biomarkers, and create clinical trial consortia and novel trial designs. This work has resulted in improved success in recent clinical trials, providing key steps toward regulatory approval of disease-targeted treatments for FXS. Progress in the FXS field has informed translation of transformative new disease-targeted therapies for other monogenic neurodevelopmental disorders.
The Influence of Human-Milk Substitutes Marketing on Breastfeeding Intention and Practice among Native and Immigrant Brazilians
Authors: Lisi Cosima , Barros Henrique , Faisal-Cury Alexandre , Matijasevich Alicia , de Freitas Cláudia
Published: July 2022

Background

The International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes is a global public health policy aiming to protect breastfeeding from the influence of human-milk substitutes marketing. Brazil is one of the few countries substantially implementing it. Most countries adopted selected provisions, including Portugal.

Research Aim

To explore whether Brazilians’ perspectives about breastfeeding intention and practice are influenced by human-milk substitutes marketing upon migration to Portugal.

Methods

A qualitative, prospective, cross-sectional survey design was conducted in Brazil and Portugal (2018–2019). Qualitative semi-structured interviews were performed with native ( n = 16) and immigrant ( n = 15) Brazilians. Women aged 18 or above, mothers of 0–12 month infants, and without contraindications to breastfeed, were eligible for the study. Heterogeneity sampling was employed based on socioeconomic status and infants’ age. Content analysis was conducted using NVivo.

Results

Brazilian immigrants were more aware of the potential negative influence of human-milk substitutes marketing than natives. Sociocultural factors contributed to Brazilian immigrants being less permeable to the influence of human-milk substitutes marketing in the host country, where a less protective breastfeeding environment was perceived.

Conclusions

Sociocultural factors including breastfeeding promotion strategies and a strong breastfeeding culture in the home country appear to play a protective role on breastfeeding intention and practice among Brazilians migrating to Portugal.
“We All Believe in Breastfeeding”: Australian Midwives’ Experience of Implementing the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative
Authors: Pramono Andini , Smith Julie , Bourke Siobhan , Desborough Jane
Published: July 2022

Background:

The education and support of new mothers during the in-hospital stay for childbirth is a critical time to establish breastfeeding. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative was launched in 1991 to encourage maternity services to support and educate mothers to breastfeed by implementing Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding.

Research Aim:

To explore midwives’ experiences of implementing the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative in a Baby-Friendly accredited public hospital in Australia.

Methods:

In this prospective, cross-sectional qualitative study we used focus groups to explore midwives’ experiences. Midwives ( N = 26) participated in two focus groups conducted between October and November 2019. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results:

Time as a critical resource, and continuity of care, were crosscutting themes that framed midwives’ experiences in supporting mothers to breastfeed their babies. Time constraints were experienced both through the health system structure and the BFHI accreditation process. Despite the challenges, the overarching theme—that we all believe in breastfeeding—fueled midwives’ motivation.

Conclusion:

Health services policy and practice need to consider ways to enable continuity of midwifery care and adequate time for midwives to support women to breastfeed their babies.
Health, care or shelter? An exploratory analysis of the factors affecting overall satisfaction with services of residents’ relatives in nursing homes
Authors: Sebastiano Antonio , Restelli Umberto , Astolfo Romano , Giangreco Antonio
Published: July 2022

Residents’ relatives are regularly solicited to evaluate the hotel, social- and health-care services that nursing homes provide to the aged in order to preserve their residual cognitive, physical, and social capabilities. In this study we argue that, due to the services’ different technical and functional elements, residents’ relatives find it easier to assess the quality of the hotel services instead of the other types of services. Based on 2012 responses from residents’ relatives in 38 nursing homes in the Northern part of Italy, our results show that satisfaction with hotel services partially mediates the impact of satisfaction with social- and health-care services, above and beyond their direct effect on the overall satisfaction with all services. We conclude by discussing theoretical contributions and managerial implications.
The Hidden Disciple: Towards a Christian Ethics of Spying
Authors: Scherf Filip
Published: July 2022

The article explores the understudied subject of the distinctly Christian ethics of human intelligence (HUMINT) and considers how a Christian intelligence officer (IO) can draw on the robust and diverse tradition of Christian ethics to make their secular vocation compatible with the ethical principles of their faith. The current intelligence ethics literature is dominated by the Just Intelligence Theory (JIT), an adaptation of the just war tradition, which offers many valuable contributions. However, I propose the enrichment of JIT by discursive ethics from within the respective Catholic and Reformed theologies. I also consider the originally non-Christian concepts of the ethics of care and the I-Thou ideal through Christian hermeneutics. I conclude that the IO's ceaseless questioning of their conduct and its sources, and the continuous striving for primarily personal relations, as opposed to institutional relations, is the essence of the ever-imperfect process of becoming a Christian IO. Such an IO is a hearing and critical disciple who does not pretend to know the mind of God, but one whose conduct is directed by their critical reflection on their Christian faith and on the institutional setting wherein they operate. Paradoxically, this presents an enormous ethical possibility for a Christian IO.
A Lyapunov based robust control of the EV gearshift process
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhao Han , Qin Feifei
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a novel Lyapunov based robust control algorithm for gearshift system of automated manual transmission (AMT) in electric vehicle (EV). Gearshift process is analyzed and modeled considering a two-gear powertrain. Trajectory-tracking control is designed regarding the engagement rule of the shifting fork as the desired trajectory. Model uncertainties and external disturbance are lumped into a function with the assumed upper bound. The control algorithm consists of a PD feedback component and a piecewise function component, which is error-based and model-based inheriting from conventional PID control and robust control. Furthermore, this proposed control is based on Lyapunov approach, and is theoretical proved to render uniform boundedness and uniform ultimate boundedness. The proposed control can guarantee the deterministic performance of the gearshift system, and its effectiveness is illustrated by numerical simulations and sample vehicle test.
Low elastic modulus and highly porous triply periodic minimal surfaces architectured implant for orthopedic applications
Authors: Verma Rati , Kumar Jitendra , Singh Nishant Kumar , Rai Sanjay Kumar , Kumta Shekhar , Sehgal Shankar , Saxena Kuldeep
Published: July 2022

A mismatch between the implant and interacting bone Young's modulus causes stress shielding phenomena, which leads to instability of the implant and early failure. This paper focuses on the development of medical-grade titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V)-based metallic highly porous structure to mitigate the stress shielding effect. In this study, we propose an effective method to generate a highly porous implant based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) architecture. Three-dimensional models of different TPMS architectures such as Diamond, Gyroid, I-graph-Wrapped Package graph (IWP), and Primitive were constructed with a 2 × 2 × 2 mm lattice size and unit cell size of 1 mm. Mechanical testing of the finite-element models was performed under static loading conditions to evaluate the effective elastic modulus ( Eeff) of each porous architecture. It was found that the primitive structure exhibits the lowest Eeff, whereas the Gyroid exhibits the highest Eeff, results indicate that porous architecture reduces Eeff by more than 95%, thereby reducing the stress shielding effect. Moreover, pore size and surface-area-to-volume ratio (SA/V ratio) were also investigated. Findings suggested that the primitive structure has the highest pore size, which will be suitable for enhanced bone ingrowth. A high SA/V ratio in IWP offers the possibility of enhanced cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation.
Computation of viscous flow characteristics of a supersonic intake using eddy-viscosity turbulence models
Authors: Sarathi Pattnaik Subrat Partha , Rajan NKS
Published: July 2022

Results of numerical investigation of flow and performance characteristics of a rectangular supersonic intake experimentally tested at Mach number of 4.03 are presented. The viscous flowfield has been obtained by solving Favre averaged Navier–Stokes equations with two eddy viscosity turbulence models, namely, Mentor’s baseline (BSL) k-ω and shear stress transport (SST) k-ω models. In addition, the effect of wall temperature conditions as well as several configurations of cowl and isolator are simulated to validate the computational methodology. The analysis has been carried out at a freestream Mach number of 4.03 and 0° angle-of-attack, corresponding to a unit Reynolds number of about 6.9×107 m−1. The predicted boundary-layer and the wall static pressure distribution using SST k-ω model shows better agreement with the experimental data compared to the BSL model and hence indicates superior capability to capture the onset and the amount of flow separation due to SWBLIs. Moreover, the terminal shock structure at different operating modes as well as the “unstart because of SWBLIs” is predicted quite accurately using the model. The wall temperature condition is found to have a strong effect on the amount of flow separation at the cowl and the subsequent interactions. Further, the results show that the sidewalls have a marginal effect on the centerline wall static pressure, though a three-dimensional flowfield with two stream-wise vortices are observed close to it as a result of the swept SWBLIs of the cowl shock with the sidewall boundary-layer leading to a higher loss in performance.
Unencapsulated penicillin-resistant Neisseria meningitidis ST-53 clonal complex strain causing symptomatic proctitis in an HIV-negative man who has sex with men: A case report
Authors: Padovese Valeska , Goodlip Sabrina , Cordina Claire Marantidis , Zahra Graziella , Clark Stephen A , Lekshmi Aiswarya , Walker Andrew , Unemo Magnus
Published: July 2022

We report a case of Neisseria meningitidis symptomatic proctitis in an HIV-negative man who has sex with men attending the genitourinary clinic in Malta. The proctitis was caused by a rare clinical unencapsulated penicillin-resistant N. meningitidis strain of the ST-53 clonal complex.
Causal relationship between globalization, economic growth and CO2 emissions in Vietnam using Wavelet analysis
Authors: Thai Hung Ngo
Published: July 2022

In connection with environmental degradation in Vietnam, known as an emerging economy, very limited studies have been implemented to demonstrate the environmental aspects of the country's core policies, as well as recent economic policies such as economic growth and globalization policies. Given this driving force, this paper uncovers a novel perspective on the causal associations between CO2 emissions, economic growth, and globalization in Vietnam using wavelet analysis. The empirical results provide evidence of the interconnections between the selected indicators through time and frequency. More accurately, the findings uncover that economic growth and globalization significantly increase carbon dioxide emissions in Vietnam in the medium and long run. These outcomes highlight the importance of policymakers properly coordinating policies to address Vietnam's severe environmental degradation. Furthermore, Vietnam should continue relevant policy reforms such as encouraging investment, allowing for effective governance and promoting human capital accumulation.
Bias in estimated working hours in time diary research: The effect of cyclical work time patterns on postponing designated registration days
Authors: Braak Petrus te , van Tienoven Theun Pieter , Minnen Joeri , Glorieux Ignace
Published: July 2022

Due to the diversification and fragmentation of working time arrangements, the organisation of working weeks now differ substantially from each other. To account for week-to-week variability in working time estimates in time diary research, it is important that respondents keep their time diaries on designated registration days. At the same time, this week-to-week variability might lead respondents to postpone their participation to convenient registration days. Research shows that, due to diverse time cycles, postponing participation leads to substantial bias. However, these findings pre-date online time diary methodologies. In online time diary studies, algorithms assign registration days and, therefore, postponement is solely done at the convenience of the respondent and no longer relies on the availability of the interviewer. Analyses of online time diary data from Flemish (Belgian) teachers (ndiary days = 59,969; nteachers = 8567) reveal that postponement depends on (the day in) the time cycle. This postponement is partially selective and thus leads to biased working time estimates. Some oversampling strategies are suggested to account for this possible bias, but a designated, consecutive 7-day time diary approach with postponement remains the recommended standard for collecting reliable working time estimates.
Using the Caprini Risk Score to Increase VTE Awareness in the Community: The Know Your Score Project
Authors: Saadaldin Hassan , Shetye Prasad , Gavankar Sanket , Laddu Atul R. , Tafur Alfonso , Caprini Joseph A.
Published: July 2022

Abstract presented during the ISTH congress 2021

Shetye, P., Gavankar, S, Saadaldin, H, et al, Using the Caprini Risk Score to Increase VTE Awareness in the Community. The Know Your Score Project. AS-ISTH-2021-02054, 2021
Analysis of a novel methodology for shifting an isolated body based on nonlinear system vibration
Authors: Li Zhihong , Yao Jialing , Xu Youlin , Jia Yunyi
Published: July 2022

The asymmetrical damping of a vibration-isolation system induces a change in the mean position of the isolated body. Inspired by this phenomenon, a novel idea to vertically shift an isolated body based on nonlinear system vibration with asymmetrical damping is proposed. The proposed idea can be applied in fields that require the isolated body’s height to be adjusted. A methodology based on the homotopy analysis method (HAM), which is used to obtain the approximate analytical solution of a piecewise-smooth vibration-isolation system, was developed to verify the feasibility of the proposed idea. The accuracy of the solution obtained by the HAM was verified by the Runge–Kutta method. Furthermore, based on the analytical solution, the effects of critical parameters on the vibration responses of the system were analyzed. Finally, the proposed idea was applied to vehicle height adjustments. Simulation results showed that vehicle height adjustments could be realized only using a semi-active suspension. This provides a novel methodology for vehicle height control.
Development and reliability testing of a cervical cancer patients knowledge and practice of self-care management of treatment-related adverse events questionnaire
Authors: Samaila Aliyu , Isah Abdulmuminu , Biambo Aminu A , Usman Nuruddeen , Aliyu Usman M , Abdullahi Adamu , Adibe Maxwell O
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Cervical cancer (CC) treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were found to be among the major reasons for treatments delays and medication non-adherence. Knowledge and practice of self-care management of these AEs are therefore needed to complement the pharmacotherapeutic interventions. Instruments for assessing CC patients’ knowledge and practice of self-care management of treatment-related Adverse Events (AEs) are lacking. Hence, the rational for this study.

Methods

A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on CC patients receiving chemotherapy, radiotherapy or both, with or without surgery in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH) Sokoto, a tertiary hospital in North-Western Nigeria. A panel of 14 experts judged the content validity of the items initially selected. Purposive sampling technique was used, 31 CC patients were recruited and interviewed for the questionnaire pre-testing. Descriptive statistics and psychometric analysis were conducted using SPSS Version 20.0 for Windows. A Cronbach’s alpha coefficient ≥0.70 was considered acceptable.

Results

A 12-domain questionnaire instrument was developed. Eight (57.1%) of the expert panelists rated the questions’ items as “Very good for the study” and none of them rated any of the content “not relevant for the study”. The reliability studies showed that the overall knowledge and practice questions response rates were 71.0% and 77.4% and Cronbach's alpha (α) values were 0.956 and 0.913, respectively.

Conclusion

A reliable, 12-domain cervical cancer patients’ knowledge and practice of self-care management of treatment-related adverse events questionnaire was developed. Further research on the psychometric qualities of the instrument is needed.
Shear rupture mechanism and dissipation phenomena in bias-extension test of pantographic sheets: Numerical modeling and experiments
Authors: Ciallella Alessandro , Pasquali Davide , D’Annibale Francesco , Giorgio Ivan
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we show that a two-field model for pantographic sheets generalized to include a more refined description of the deformation of interconnecting pivots and structural dissipation is capable of describing the sheets mechanical behavior for (1) cyclic extension tests in elastic regimes and (2) damage initiation. To this aim, we performed two kinds of experimental tests. In the first ones, we tested, remaining in the elastic regime, pantographic sheets under different cyclic loads. Second, we extended the specimens reaching the first rupture. The numerical model was calibrated in order to predict (1) the observed amplitude and shape of hysteretic cycles and (2) the observed localization of the first rupture. In this framework, (1) a simultaneous rupture of several pivots is observed and theoretically justified, (2) the primary dissipation mechanism and rupture initiation are attributed to pivots’ shear deformation.
Nutritional quality traits of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis): A sustainable aquatic food product available on Italian market all year round
Authors: Lopez Annalaura , Bellagamba Federica , Moretti Vittorio Maria
Published: July 2022

In this study, Mediterranean mussels ( Mytilus galloprovincialis) coming from Italian production were purchased in the most important Italian wholesale fish market in different seasons. Biometrical parameters and chemical composition were investigated, with a particular focus on lipid quality and fatty acids (FAs) composition. Results showed a valuable nutritional profile independently by the season of production, represented by high protein and low-fat content, with the lipid portion represented by high amounts of beneficial FAs, particularly the long chain of the n-3 series. Some differences ( p < 0.05) were found in carbohydrates and fat content of mussels edible tissues and in FAs profile of specimens collected in different seasons. The most favourable composition in terms of lipid quality was found in mussels collected during spring, corresponding to the moment of the year when mussels store energy reserves in the form of carbohydrates and fat (preparing for the spawning events) and when seawater is enriched in phytoplankton. The lipid health indices calculated (n6/n3, AI, TI) showed optimal values independently by the season of production. The outcomes obtained in this study could help supporting the appreciation of Mediterranean mussels as nutritional valuable seafood product, thus helping encouraging their consumption and promoting the appraisal of this farming sector essential for Italian aquaculture and related to low environmental impact.