bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Point-of-care ketone meters may be used to estimate serum β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations in healthy African penguins (Spheniscus demersus)
Authors: Meade Sharonda M. , Di Girolamo Nicola , Cray Carolyn , Aquilino Nicolette , DiGeronimo Peter M. , Brandão João
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the agreement between 3 point-of-care (POC) devices and a reference laboratory for measuring β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) concentration in African penguin (Spheniscus demersus) whole blood (WB) and plasma samples and the precision of each POC device for measuring β-HB concentration in plasma samples.

ANIMALS

48 healthy African penguins.

PROCEDURES

Blood was obtained from the right jugular vein of each penguin, and β-HB concentration was measured on each POC device using fresh WB and heparinized plasma and at the reference laboratory using plasma. β-HB concentration was measured in plasma on each POC device.

RESULTS

All devices overestimated serum β-HB concentrations on average by 0.46 mM relative to the reference laboratory. WB samples had less error than plasma for meters A and C. Meter A had the lowest total error observed (26.4%) and the lowest mean difference (0.19 mmol/L) relative to the reference laboratory. Controlling for other factors, the magnitude of disagreement was not affected by sex, age, packed cell volume, or serum total solids concentration.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

WB, not plasma, should be used for measurement of β-HB concentration on the POC meters tested. Meter A showed good correlation with the reference laboratory for WB. The use of POC devices for the measurement of β-HB concentration may be acceptable when laboratory analyzers are not available. Further research is needed for clinical application and the diagnostic value of POC meters compared with reference laboratories.
When radiography and ultrasonography are not enough: the use of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for equine lameness cases
Authors: Garrett Katherine S.
Published: May 2022

MRI and CT have enhanced our diagnostic abilities for equine lameness beyond what is available using radiography and ultrasonography. This has allowed veterinarians to better prognosticate and treat lameness conditions, improving patient outcomes. This article discusses the basic principles behind MRI and CT, their advantages and disadvantages, the different types of equipment available for clinical use in horses, the typical diagnostic workup prior to pursuing advanced imaging, and common regions where MRI and CT are used clinically. The companion Currents in One Health by Spriet, AJVR, July 2022, discusses even more advanced equine imaging in the form of positron emission tomography. Combined, these future directions of MRI, CT, and positron emission tomography may include improved ability to image standing horses or screen for injury prevention.
Kondycja emocjonalna nauczycieli wychowawców po pierwszym roku trwania pandemii  COVID-19
Authors: Lisowski Krzysztof , Szaban Dorota
Published: May 2022

Celem artykułu jest diagnoza kondycji emocjonalnej nauczycieli wychowawców w kontekście zmieniającego się pod wpływem pandemii COVID-19 ładu edukacyjnego. Zmiany wywołane ograniczeniami związanymi z koniecznością zapobiegania rozprzestrzenianiu się koronawirusa ujawniły nieprzygotowanie całego systemu oraz spowodowały pogorszenie się dobrostanu wielu uczestników procesu edukacyjnego. Z wykorzystaniem metody CAWI w czerwcu i lipcu 2021 roku przeprowadzono badanie na wyczerpującej próbie nauczycieli wychowawców w Zielonej Górze – zgromadzono deklaracje 449 osób. Sformułowaliśmy hipotezę, że sytuacja pandemiczna wzmocniła doświadczenie negatywnych konsekwencji dla kondycji psychicznej nauczycieli. Ta złożona rola wychowawcza w połączeniu z nieustającą ekspozycją na ryzyko zachorowania na COVID-19 nie pozostaje bez wpływu na nauczycieli, ich reakcje emocjonalne i zdrowie psychiczne, a konsekwencje takiego stanu rzeczy mogą uwidocznić się w szerokiej perspektywie.
Kondycja psychiczna uczniów zamieszkałych na peryferiach po trzech miesiącach od powrotu do szkoły
Authors: Długosz Piotr
Published: May 2022

Prowadzone badania mają na celu sprawdzenie, czy powrót do szkoły, do nauczania w ławkach w towarzystwie rówieśników poprawił czy też pogorszył zdrowie psychiczne uczniów. Badania zostały zrealizowane na próbie adolescentów zamieszkujących obszary wiejskie w regionie peryferyjnym. Próba do badań miała charakter celowy i liczyła 552 respondentów z 7 i 8 klas szkoły podstawowej. Do zebrania materiału badawczego wykorzystano ankietę audytoryjną. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, iż 61% uczniów jest zadowolonych z życia, 52% ma objawy depresji mierzonej skalą WHO-5, a 83% średni i wysoki poziom stresu mierzony skalą PSSC. Wyższy poziom zaburzeń psychicznych częściej miały kobiety, uczniowie zamieszkujący na wsi oraz gorzej oceniający sytuację materialną.
Pharmacist-led Smoking-Cessation Services in the United States – A Multijurisdictional Legal Analysis
Authors: Bordner Landon S. , Lavino Joseph
Published: May 2022

A challenge presents itself when pharmacy students and pharmacists have the knowledge, skills, and abilities to provide optimal patient care, which can prevent the healthcare industry from incurring expenditures reaching billions of dollars annually from chronic and acute disease state management, yet due to the lack of statutory or regulatory authority to independently prescribe and dispense smoking cessation products they are unable to tap into this potential.
 Prescriptive authority of pharmacists is not a novel concept; however, State Legislatures and Boards of Pharmacy have been slow to  expand upon the pharmacist’s scope of practice to include this authority. As a consequence, this inaction hinders the opportunity of almost 21.5 million patients, who attempt to quit smoking annually, the ability to access a U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved, evidence-based medication-assisted or nicotine replacement therapy prescribed by a pharmacist.2 Current legislative efforts, laws, and regulations regarding a pharmacist’s prescriptive authority for tobacco cessation therapy vary greatly amongst the states and do not include reference to e-cigarettes or electronic nicotine delivery systems (e.g., e-cigs, vape pens, vapes, mods, etc.). Additionally, pharmacists are often required to practice under a statewide protocol or enter into a collaborative practice agreement (“CPA”) with a designated physician, which are often complex and create significant barriers for the pharmacist to practice at the top of their license and for the benefit of the patient. This legal and regulatory study reveals the following: 1) Those States that have addressed or attempted to address the pharmacist’s prescriptive authority for tobacco cessation therapy, 2) the authority to independently prescribe vs. practice under a statewide protocol, 3) the products able to be prescriber or dispensed under the pharmacist’s prescriptive authority or statewide protocol, and 4) the guidelines and/or protocols referenced within their respective State laws and regulations. States and their residents would benefit greatly from amending their laws and regulations to expand upon the pharmacist’s prescriptive authority, granting them the ability to help their communities by performing services they are highly trained to perform.
La Memoria como Narrativa para la No Repetición.
Authors: Vegh Weis Valeria
Published: May 2022

El artículo aborda la conexión entre el proceso transicional y la generación de una narrativa colectiva sobre las violaciones de derechos humanos cometidas en Colombia, con eje en el rol crucial de las organizaciones de víctimas y organismos de derechos humanos en el proceso. La primera parte del artículo propone la noción de narrativa transicional que se puede analizar, a su vez, como narrativas fidedignas o narrativas falsas (desde el plano fáctico) y como narrativas anti-derechos o narrativas con enfoque de derechos (desde el plano axiológico). Plasmando estas categorías, la segunda parte del trabajo pone en evaluación la experiencia argentina como un caso de narrativa fidedigna con enfoque de derechos. Nutriéndose de esta experiencia comparada, la tercera parte aborda la situación actual de Colombia y los posibles caminos hacia la consolidación de la memoria.
Bolreal ecotone of the East-European Plain: Empirical statistical modeling
Authors:   Samara research center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin, Togliatty 445003, Russia, Kolomyts Erland G.
Published: May 2022

The solution of multipurpose tasks of ecological forecasting may depend to a great extent on the results of system analysis of nature-territorial structures, which are most sensitive to external effects including anthropogenic. The scientific search in this direction focuses more and more attention on the natural boundaries – both individual and complex, where the most significant natural or anthropogenic shifts in the structure and function of geo(eco)systems are observed. Considering one or another natural boundary as a vector (connection, cascade, para-dynamical, etc.) landscape system with a clearly defined spatial polarization of its different properties, we obtain a "fast-flowing" model of state response and resistance of geo(eco)systems to the action of certain ecological factors. The study of the structural-functional organization of natural ecosystems at the geographical ecotones is also of scientific and methodical importance, which is common with geo-ecology and, in addition, most important for regional and local landscape-ecological forecasts. Geographical ecotones are the most sensitive (and, in this sense, the least stable) fragments of natural-territorial mosaic. The boreal biogeographic ecotone of the Volga River basin is described as an example for considering the theoretical and scientific-methodical problems of geographical zonality: the fundamental ecological-geographical conception at the present-day stage of biosphere evolution associated with the global anthropogenic impact on the climate. A conception on regional bioclimatic system, characterizing climate-genic exo-dynamic characteristics of soil-vegetation "core" of natural com-plexes is presented. It can survey as a scientific-methodological base of paleogeographical reconstructions and landscape-ecological forecasts. Climate nishes of the phytocoenological and soil’ units are the elements of bioclimatic system and the forms of display of soil-vegatation cover’ hydrothermal stability during the changing climate. Zonal boundaries are considered as modern spatial analogs of the future landscape changes in time. The work dwells on the basic "trigger" mechanisms of zonal boundary formation at the interaction of background climatic signals and their refraction by local (mainly lithe-genic) factors.
INFLUENCE MARKETING IN BLOOD SERVICE FACILITIES
Authors:   Sumy State University, Khomenko Liliya , Saher Liudmyla ,   Sumy State University
Published: May 2022

Traditional marketing tools are gradually losing effectiveness. Every year, Internet users grow, and interaction with the company through social media becomes popular. This stimulates the development of new areas of marketing activities of the company. There is a need to find more modern and at the same time practical marketing tools. One of them is influence marketing. Marketing and PR agencies, SMM specialists, and marketers are paying more and more attention to the study of impact marketing; among scientists Gvozdetskaya I. V., Dyachenko K. V., Kueva-Estrada J., Belova T. G., Kislitsyna A. A., Zhurilo V., and others. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Although the number of publications on marketing in the blood service is growing every year, there are no scientific publications on the interaction with opinion leaders in blood service institutions. The work aims to determine possible formats of work with opinion leaders, analyze positive experiences in marketing influence in blood services abroad, and develop recommendations for its use in Ukrainian blood establishments. The paper identified achievable goals and formats of work with opinion leaders, criteria for selecting bloggers, and indicators for assessing interaction effectiveness. The experience of using influencer marketing in blood establishments, particularly in the Date 2 Donate campaign inthe UK, collaboration with a writer and blogger in Italy, blogger posts in Singapore and South Africa, were analyzed. Recommendations were developed for the use of influence marketing in blood service establishments of Ukraine. The Blood Service can interact with bloggers through blog posts; an invitation to the blood center, videos showing the process of donating blood; live broadcasts; maintaining an account or heading of the blood center on social networks; conducting competitions on social networks, and others.
Facebook as an Online Tool for Learning English among Private Institutes’ Students in Kurdistan
Authors: Sadq Kochar A. , Sulaiman Sovan H. , Ramadan Abdulkader I.
Published: May 2022

Facebook, an internet and social networking application, is a part of the daily lives of millions of students throughout the world. Students utilize Facebook to communicate with one another and to participate in games, because they utilize Facebook on a regular and comfortable basis. The participants in this research study were selected from Private Institutes in Erbil, Kurdistan, by the researchers. The researchers used a quantitative approach to analyze the current study, with a particular emphasis on descriptive statistics. The questions in the survey were created by the researchers to encourage students to choose the response that best reflects their typical Facebook usage without infringing on their personal information. The findings revealed that students who took part in the study made some personal decisions that were in opposition to those made by their peers, which was due to the nature of human beings. However, when it comes to using Facebook as an online tool for language acquisition, the good impressions outweighed the negative ones by a wide margin. The students perceived Facebook as a positive tool that could be implemented into educational systems so that it could be utilized in conjunction with other approaches. Since the usage of Facebook in daily life has become inevitable, why not use it for a good cause? It is necessary to conduct more in-depth research in order to collect more data as well as to form a sort of public opinion in order to make this piece of research more reliable and valid. This will allow us to make the research more formal and effective by collecting more data and forming a sort of public opinion.
Espiritualidade e religiosidade na atenção primária a saúde: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Bezerra Guilherme Abner Ferreira , Silva João Paulo Xavier , Nóbrega Riani Joyce Neves , Siebra Isabela Rocha , Bezerra Adriana de Moraes , Brito Nayara Santana , Machado Lucas Dias Soares , Souza Naanda Kaanna Matos de , Santana Kelly Fernanda Silva
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica sobre as implicações na espiritualidade e religiosidade na atenção primária saúde. Métodos: Estudo do tipo Revisão Integrativa da Literatura (RIL). A busca textual foi realizada em bases de dados indexadas na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), utilizando-se os Descritores em Ciência da Saúde (DeCS): Espiritualidade, Religião e Atenção Primaria a Saúde, aplicando duas etapas de pesquisa, a primeira Espiritualidade AND Atenção Primária a Saúde e Religião AND Atenção Primária a Saúde. Durante o processo de busca foram encontrados 234 estudos publicados, utilizando os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram escolhidos 8 artigos como amostra final. Resultados: Percebe-se diante dos estudos elencados, que há um consenso sobre a importância de se realizar uma abordagem da religiosidade e espiritualidade durante o atendimento no contexto da atenção primária a saúde, para que se possa ter uma visão integral dos indivíduos. Considerações finais: Verificou-se que ainda há necessidade de implementação de um modelo que torne sistemático a realização de tratamento se baseando nas práticas espirituais e religiosas.
A concentração de IL-6 em pacientes com artrite reumatoide tratados com tocilizumabe: revisão integrativa
Authors: Sampaio Leidiana Sousa , Silva Amanda Miranda da , Aguiar Lizia Carreiro Tomaz , Chaves Soane Kaline Morais , Nunes Adriana Maria Viana , Braz Débora Cavalcante
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar se a concentração de Interleucina-6 (IL-6) pode ser utilizada para o monitoramento da resposta ao tratamento com Tocilizumabe (TCZ) em pacientes com artrite reumatoide.  Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa sustentada em uma pergunta norteadora. Apenas estudos em humanos tratados com TCZ e que apresentavam a concentração de IL-6 foram incluídos. As bases de dados utilizadas foram PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Biblioteca virtual em saúde (BVS). Resultados: Foram encontrados 257 artigos, no entanto após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão apenas 7 artigos foram considerados resultado da pesquisa. A análise dos artigos indica que há uma elevação da concentração de IL-6 após o início da terapia, seguida de um platô e, posteriomente, diminuição com o tempo de tratamento, que foi acompanhada de melhora clínica. Considerações finais: Esse fato sugere a mensuração de IL-6 como um parâmetro importante para monitorar a resposta terapêutica. Para isso, o ideal seria realizar a dosagem de IL-6 antes, durante e após a suspensão do tratamento nos pacientes com remissão da doença. Apenas através de pesquisas será possível padronizar a utilização da IL-6 nesses pacientes.
Papanicolaou society of cytopathology system for reporting pancreaticobiliary cytology: Risk stratification and cytology scope - 2.5-year study
Authors: Ilyas Abeer M , Bohra Mamta , More Nilam M. , Naik Leena P.
Published: May 2022

Objectives:

Diagnosis of pancreatic lesions remains a clinical challenge. Early and accurate diagnosis is extremely important for improving the therapeutic usefulness of pancreatic cancers and Endoscopic ultrasonography - fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) cytology has come up with this advantage. For current study the authors evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNAC by applying PSC system for reporting pancreaticobiliary cytology and Calculated the malignancy risk associated with the diagnostic categories.

Material and Methods:

A retrospective study over the period of 2.5 years (April 2017 to Oct 2019) 60 patients in our cohort EUS-FNAC guided unstained fixed and unfixed slides received of pancreatic lesion and were stained with Papanicolau and Giemsa using standard technique and immunocytochemistry, where required Application of Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology system for reporting pancreaticobiliary cytology Histopathological and clinical follow-up were retrieved.

Results:

Our study has comparable results with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 92.8%, 100%, 100%, and 92.59%, respectively. Fuurthermore, a diagnostic accuracy of 96.2%. Risk of malignancy is lower for benign and indeterminate category whereas it is higher for suspicious and malignant categories.

Conclusion:

The application of the new proposed terminology for pancreaticobiliary cytology brings standardization. Final diagnosis can be reached by the multidisciplinary approach of EUS-FNA cytology, cell block preparation, immunocytochemistry, and immunohistochemistry; if required, can be adopted as an alternative approach to biopsy. The present study showed high sensitivity and specificity for EUS-FNA in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma, which may influence the treatment plans of both surgeons and oncologists.
Reactivity and Function of Macrocyclic Metal Complexes
Authors: Kaden Thomas A.
Published: May 2022

The introduction of side chains into tetraazamacrocycles allows the preparation of metal complexes with functional properties. On the one hand donor groups at the end of the side chain can be used to control the coordination geometry of the metal ion. On the other hand reactive groups
can be incorporated into the side chain and their reactivity can be enhanced by the fact that the group comes close to the metal ion (metal ion induced reaction). Finally the side chain can be used to covalently attach macrocyclic metal complexes to antibodies for diagnostic and therapeutic
applications in nuclear medicine.
CAFCA: a Novel Tool for the Calculation of Amphiphilic Properties of Charged Drug Molecules
Authors: Fischer Holger , Kansy Manfred , Bur Daniel
Published: May 2022

Amphiphilic compounds play crucial roles in biology. They represent molecules with an inherent tendency to orient themselves in a suitable environment (e.g. a lipid bilayer). The driving force behind this effect is probably one of the crucial reasons for structural organization in living matter. An amphiphile typically comprises a hydrophilic as well as a hydrophobic part. The prediction of amphiphilic properties of charged small molecules by means of our in-house developed program CAFCA is presented in this work. An experimentally derived quantification of amphiphilic properties of a compound, expressed in terms of free energy of amphiphilicity (ΔΔGAM), can be deduced from surface activity measurements. Amphiphilic moments are obtained by vector addition of individual atom/fragment contribution values. Calculated amphiphilic moments were subsequently calibrated with known free energies of amphiphilicity (ΔΔGAM) of a homologous series of small charged amphiphiles (n-alkylsulfonic acids). The influence of conformational effects of molecules on calculated amphiphilic moments were further investigated for a set of eight structurally diverse commercially available drugs with known free energies of amphiphilicity. It turned out that conformations with maximal distance between charged group and center of gravity of the non-charged residue of the molecule yielded best results. Our calculated data and molecular modeling studies are in good accordance with experimentally derived published values. Our program CAFCA (CAlculated Free energy of amphiphilicity of small Charged Amphiphiles) can be used to estimate preferred conformations as well as orientations of molecules in biological membranes and to quantify amphiphilic properties of molecules.
Lipophilicity and Related Molecular Properties as Determinants of Pharmacokinetic Behaviour
Authors: Testa Bernard , Caron Giulia , Crivori Patrizia , Rey Sébastien , Reist Marianne , Carrupt Pierre Alain
Published: May 2022

This minireview presents some recent work, mainly from the authors' laboratory, aimed at improving the interpretability and predictivity of structure-pharmacokinetic relationships. The first part of the text discusses the intermolecular forces and intramolecular interactions encoded in lipophilicity, with emphasis on the hydrogen-bonding capacity of bioactive compounds. Three-dimensional molecular fields provide a most informative and relevant description of molecular structure and properties, particularly the Molecular Lipophilicity Potential (MLP) and our novel Molecular Hydrogen Bonding Potentials (MHBPs), both of which are computed from experimentally derived atomic increments.The second part of the paper discusses selected structure-pharmacokinetic relations, illustrating how permeation processes are influenced by the H-bonding capacity of permeants. Thus, lipophilicity-derived H-bonding parameters are found to correlate with skin permeation and brain penetration. Similarly, the donor MHBP provides a promising correlation with oral absorption data in humans.Although structure-metabolism relations are not discussed here, we summarise investigations showing how metabolic N-oxygenation modifies the physicochemical properties of pyridines and tertiary arylalkylamines, and hence may influence their distribution and excretion.
Radiopharmaceuticals for Targeted Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Waibel Robert , Novak-Hofer Ilse , Schibli Roger , Bläuenstein Peter , Garcia-Garayoa Elisa , Schwarzbach Rolf , Zimmermann Kurt , Pellikka Raimo , Gasser Olga , Blanc Alain , Brühlmeier Matthias , Schubiger P. August
Published: May 2022

Radiopharmaceutical research and development is carried out by the Center for Radiopharmaceutical Science as part of the PSI Life Science Department, the Department of Applied BioSciences at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich and the University Hospital Zürich.
The common theme is the search for radioactive-labeled tracer molecules, which bind to specific targets in the body. Such radiopharmaceuticals are applied either systemically into the blood stream or locally to patients. Due to their specific molecular binding properties combined with the
emitted radiation, they can be used for non-invasive imaging of tumors and the destruction of tumor cells. In this first of two articles, we will present exemplified topics from the research activities of the groups involved with tumor targeting.
Ecological culture as a vector of updating the main educational programs
Authors: Дзятковская Е. Н.
Published: May 2022

Рассмотрена роль экологической культуры как фактора устойчивого развития страны. Обосновывается, что экологическая культура в современном обществе становится средством обеспечения всех направлений национальной безопасности страны, ее культурного суверенитета, решения экологических, социальных и экономических проблем. Поставлена проблема отражения статуса экологической культуры в современном обществе при разработке основных образовательных программ общеобразовательных организаций. Делается заключение о необходимости обновления целей и ценностных оснований проектирования основных образовательных программы на основе культурологической парадигмы образования и задачи формирования экологической культуры обучающихся.

The role of ecological culture as a factor of sustainable development of the country is considered. It is substantiated that ecological culture in modern society becomes a means of ensuring all directions of national security of the country, its cultural sovereignty, solving ecological, social and economic problems. The problem of reflection of ecological culture status in modern society during development of basic educational programs of general educational organizations is put. The conclusion about necessity of updating of purposes and value bases of design of the basic educational programs on the basis of cultural paradigm of education and the task of formation of ecological culture of students is made.
Pedagogical conditions as the basis for the formation of students' motivation for health promotion
Authors: Игнатова Т. А.
Published: May 2022

Раскрыта сущность процесса формирования здорового образа жизни в студенческой среде. Сформирована структура мотивов, побуждающих студентов заниматься физической культурой и спортом и проведена апробация результатов исследований на конкретном примере в соответствии с данной структурой. Сегодня одной из основных стратегических задач образования является воспитание молодежи в духе ответственного отношения к собственному здоровью и здоровью окружающих, как к высшей индивидуальной и общественной ценности. Проблематика укрепления здоровья все чаще признается одной из приоритетных отраслей научного знания, и по своей практической значимости и актуальности является одной из сложнейших проблем современных наук: медицины, психологии, педагогики. В последнее время особую актуальность приобретает проблема студенческого здоровья. Современная молодежь живет и развивается в эпоху социально-экономических и политических перемен, кризисных условий ХХI века, что способствует росту асоциальных явлений среди студентов, таких как наркомания, курение, алкоголизм, что разрушающе влияет на здоровье. В связи с этим, проблема здоровья студентов является приоритетной проблемой современности, где актуализируются вопросы укрепления здоровья, здорового образа жизни, формирования у студентов мотивации к укреплению здоровья.

The essence of the process of forming a healthy lifestyle in the student environment is revealed. The structure of motives encouraging students to engage in physical culture and sports has been formed and the results of research have been tested on a concrete example in accordance with this structure. Today, one of the main strategic objectives of education is to educate young people in the spirit of a responsible attitude to their own health and the health of others, as the highest individual and social value. The problem of health promotion is increasingly recognized as one of the priority branches of scientific knowledge, and in its practical significance and relevance is one of the most complex problems of modern sciences: medicine, psychology, pedagogy. Recently, the problem of student health has become particularly relevant. Modern youth lives and develops in the era of socio-economic and political changes, crisis conditions of the XXI century, which contributes to the growth of antisocial phenomena among students, such as drug addiction, smoking, alcoholism, which has a devastating effect on health. In this regard, the problem of students' health is a priority problem of our time, where the issues of health promotion, healthy lifestyle, formation of students' motivation for health promotion are actualized.
Out-of-school work with teenagers in the 1970s-1980s (on the materials of the Orenburg region)
Authors: Торшина А. В.
Published: May 2022

В статье с опорой на нормативные документы подчеркивается актуальность дополнительного образования для развития личности подростка. Рассмотрены сущность понятий «внешкольное образование» и «внешкольная работа». Охарактеризована система внешкольной работы с подростками в 1970-е - 1980-е годы на материалах Оренбургской области (Оренбург, Орск, Новотроицк). Повышать интерес к обучению и развивать разностороннюю личность подростков помогала система внешкольной работы с подростками. Кроме этого, занятия в кружках и клубах в немалой степени способствовала вовлечению обучающихся в активную общественную деятельность. Это подтверждают архивные материалы: «ребята, которые занимаются в кружках Дома пионеров города Новотроицка обладают глубокими знаниями, организаторскими способностями, умеют быстро устанавливать контакт со сверстниками, были отобраны для подготовки инструкторов-общественников.

Based on normative documents, the article emphasizes the relevance of additional education for the development of a teenager's personality. The essence of the concepts "out-of-school education" and "out-ofschool work" is considered. The system of out-of-school work with teenagers in the 1970s - 1980s is characterized on the basis of materials from the Orenburg region (Orenburg, Orsk, Novotroitsk). The system of extracurricular work with teenagers helped to increase interest in learning and develop a versatile personality of teenagers. In addition, classes in clubs and clubs greatly contributed to the involvement of students in active social activities. This is confirmed by archival materials: "the guys who are engaged in the circles of the House of Pioneers of the city of Novotroitsk have deep knowledge, organizational skills, are able to quickly establish contact with peers, were selected for the training of instructors-social activists.
Computer-aided construction of three-dimensional convex bodies of arbitrary shapes
Authors: Му Цюань , Каргин Борис Александрович , Каблукова Евгения Геннадьевна
Published: May 2022

Представлена компьютерная реализация алгоритмов, предназначенных для численного моделирования трехмерных выпуклых тел со случайным числом вершин. Построение выпуклых многогранников является классической проблемой вычислительной геометрии. Интерес к таким моделям возникает в целом ряде задач физики, биологии, медицины. В данной работе модели построения выпуклых тел ориентированы на приложения, связанные с решением задач расчета характеристик рассеяния оптического излучения ледяными кристаллами перистых облаков. Алгоритмы построения выпуклых многогранников были положены в основу программы ConvexHull, предназначенной для моделирования кристаллов произвольных выпуклых форм в трехмерном пространстве. В работе описаны алгоритмы построения и результаты визуализации с помощью библиотеки OpenGL.

Cirrus clouds consist of ice crystals of various shapes, sizes, and orientations. In the numerical study of the radiation characteristics of cirrus clouds, simplified crystal forms likes regular polyhedra (for example, prisms with hexagonal bases) are often used. To study the optical properties of irregularly shaped ice crystals, a number of authors of the previously constructed models in which, for example, a part of the crystal is cut off by a random plane, or the angle between some crystal faces changes randomly. In this paper, it is proposed to use the convex hull of randomly generated or user-specified points in three-dimensional space as a model for irregularly shaped ice crystals. A method for modeling three-dimensional convex polyhedra with a random arrangement of vertices is presented, which is based on the incremental and the directed edges algorithms. Each face of the modeled convex polyhedron is triangular. By stretching and squeezing, as well as an appropriate choice of the distribution function of random points in space, the resulting polyhedra can simulate the irregular shapes of ice cloud crystals. As a result of the algorithm execution, the number of vertices, their coordinates are saved, and for each face of the polyhedron, the sequence of vertices is ordered to make their vector product corresponds to the right-hand rule and determines the direction of the outer normal. These models of three-dimensional convex bodies of various sizes and irregular shapes are designed to calculate the attenuation coefficients and the scattering phase functions of optical radiation by cloud crystals using the ray tracing method. The paper presents a visualization of crystals modeled according to the given algorithm, and the dependence of the number of vertices and faces of the polyhedron on the number of generated random points. The program code is written in C++ using the OpenGL library.
Optics and microwave detection of forest restoration after fires
Authors: Дмитриев Алексей Валерьевич , Чимитдоржиев Тумэн Намжилович , Дагуров Павел Николаевич
Published: May 2022

Рассмотрена возможность обнаружения лесного подроста с помощью поляриметрических разложений и анализа временны´х рядов радиолокационных изображений ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 и Sentinel-1. Представленные результаты показывают принципиальную возможность уверенно определять рост лесных насаждений.

The problem of large-scale assessment of forest restoration after artificial deforestation and wildfires is relevant in connection with climate change and the corresponding desire of the world community for further low-carbon development. One of the promising methods aimed at solving this problem is remote sensing of the Earth using space-based synthetic aperture radars (SAR). The paper proposes a comprehensive approach to assessing the dynamics of forest plantings growth using time series analysis of ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 and Sentinel-1 radars data, as well as Sentinel-2A/B optical sensors data. It is shown that with the help of model-based decomposition (Freeman-Durden decomposition) of fully polarimetric data in L-band (ALOS-2 PALSAR-2), the increasing of volume scattering component and the corresponding decrease in the surface component can confidently identify the growth of young forest. However, the data of ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 with dual polarization are not able to separate forest undergrowth from other types of vegetation over a seven-year observation interval. This is also true for the C-band. Thus, the polarimetric Cloud- Pottier decomposition of Sentinel-1 data allowing only separation for the areas with vegetation from the treeless ones. Time series analysis of radiometrically corrected radar backscattering at vertical co-polarization in this band, imaged in the winter period of time, allows reliable determining of the dynamics for the growth of forest plantations. The use of freely available Sentinel-2A/B multispectral sensors data makes it possible to further divide the identified undergrowth by species composition and exclude classification errors of radar data in treeless areas, which show an increasing of volume backscattering component on model-based polarimetric decompositions.
Un objeto de objetos. Reflexiones arqueosemióticas sobre cerámica Chalchihuiteña
Authors: Gómez Ambríz Emmanuel Alejandro
Published: May 2022

En arqueológia es común encontrar conjuntos de objetos en variadas posiciones, y procedentes de diferentes actividades. Ahora bien, la arqueosemiótica tiene un especial interés por los objetos, los cuales se han analizado de distintas formas, a la vez como objetos aislados y en contexto. Sin embargo, las actividades humanas evidenciadas por las excavaciones revelan un nivel de significación que muchas veces se da por sentado o bien escapa a las reflexiones. Este estudio pretende señalar la importancia de las relaciones de significación entre objetos que poseen sus propias expresiones y contenidos. La intención es avanzar en el entendimiento de estas relaciones, principalmente en situaciones donde dos o más objetos (con significados individuales) son la expresión de otra magnitud, permaneciendo sin embargo en el campo de estudio de los objetos; es decir, el estudio de las relaciones solidarias de objetos como un macro-objeto.
Carlos Saura enflamme le cinéma flamenco
Authors: DE MONTGOLFIER Isabelle
Published: May 2022

Le cinéaste espagnol Carlos Saura, connu d’abord pour ses films de la période franquiste, l’est aujourd’hui pour son cinéma musical. Il a contribué à faire entrer le flamenco dans la modernité, en impulsant dans les années 1990 une nouvelle écriture flamenca avec danseurs, musiciens et chanteurs qui, tout en s’appropriant les codes du flamenco traditionnel, incarnent une nouvelle génération libérée des carcans de l’académisme. En portant à l’écran la danse et le chant flamenco, Saura contribue, par la mise en scène et la photographie, à en accentuer la beauté et la puissance poétique. Il fait ainsi participer les spectateurs au duende, ce pur moment de grâce qui est une communion toujours imprévisible et éphémère entre les interprètes et le public, une notion singulière, intraduisible et si caractéristique de l’art flamenco.
Essais de chantabilité des cantes en français : retours d’expérience
Authors: HOUILLON Chloé , NAÏMI Maguy
Published: May 2022

Il s’agit ici de proposer une première réflexion, un premier retour d’expérience, sur la chantabilité des traductions de letras flamencas qui ont été testées au sein de l’atelier Trad. Cant. Flam., et notamment d’interroger la méthodologie d’une telle mise à l’épreuve des traductions par le chant.
Est-il possible de chanter du flamenco en français ?
Authors: RIEGLER Anne-Sophie , TRANCART Vinciane
Published: May 2022

Le présent article revient sur l’historique de l’atelier Trad. Cant. Flam., le corpus qui constitue son objet d’étude et l’avancement des travaux pendant l’hiver 2021-2022. Cet atelier se réunit à distance depuis 2019 afin de traduire en français les cantes de la Antología del cante flamenco de Perico el del Lunar enregistrés par Hispavox pour la première fois en 1954, et réédités ultérieurement par le même label. À ce jour, quatre traductions ont été réalisées et approuvées suite à une collaboration entre chercheurs et artistes, qui ont testé la chantabilité des versions obtenues. Ces enregistrements assortis de transcriptions en espagnol et en français ne constituent que l’une des étapes d’un travail en cours, ouvert à de futures collaborations.
La complexité herméneutique à l’épreuve du calcul
Authors: BACHIMONT Bruno
Published: May 2022

Les textes offrent la possibilité de manipulations calcultoires via leur matérialité sémiotique : les symboles informatiques codant les caractères permettent la mobilisation d’algorithmes et outils informatiques. Cependant, ces traitements butent sur ce que nous appelons la duplicité du sémiotique, selon laquelle les symboles informatiques ne sont pas des signes dans la mesure où les premiers ne signifient rien contrairement aux seconds : les calculs sont effectués indépendamment de l’interprétation des signes textuels. Manipulation computationnelle et interprétation herméneutique sont donc hétérogènes et distincts, la première ne peut qu’approximer et simuler la seconde. Cet écart procède de la nature du sens et de ce qui manque aux machines pour y accéder. Cet article considère les différents types de complexité, analytique, synthétique et herméneutique pour voir dans la dernière ce qui résiste à réduction calculatoire. Ce constat est approfondi en revenant à la constitution phénoménologique du sens et ce qui fait que le sens d’un texte n’est accessible qu’à une entité ayant la notion d’un environnement qui l’excède et d’un ailleurs qui lui manque. Cet écart irréductible ne disqualifie pas l’intérêt des traitements algorithmiques : ils permettent bien au contraire de s’émanciper des contraintes du sens. Mais les résultats doivent être finalement repris et réassumés dans une entreprise herméneutique, pour transformer les données résultats en textes à comprendre.
Le traitement du potentiel argumentatif des mots en analyse du discours
Authors: GALATANU Olga
Published: May 2022

Dans la perspective théorique de la Sémantique des Possibles Argumentatifs, l’article s’interroge sur la nature sémantique et le statut épistémologique des observables dans la matérialité du texte, tels qu’ils sont proposés par son traitement informatique : mots, associations de mots, environnements sémantique et syntaxique. La thèse défendue est que l’analyse de ces observables n’épuise pas le sens discursif et qu’elle doit s’appuyer sur une démarche de prise en compte dans l’interprétation du sens non seulement du contexte, mais aussi et surtout de la complexité du potentiel argumentatif des mots. Le corollaire de ce point de vue est une triangulation des méthodologies dans laquelle l’analyse qualitative sémantico-discursive des conceptualisations sémantiques offre un modèle conceptuel au traitement textométrique qu’elle précède.
Pourquoi les actes de langage politiques échappent-ils au traitement linguistique des données ?
Authors: ANQUETIL Sophie
Published: May 2022

La présente recherche tend à montrer que la propension d’un acte de langage à devenir fait institutionnel et ainsi à « se faire politique » tient à sa « force illocutoire complexe » et à la construction d’un implicite institutionnel (Anquetil, à paraître). En prenant appui sur l’exemple d’ALERTER, nous déterminerons comment le processus d’institutionnalisation en trois phases – 1. l’assignation d’une fonction agentive aux faits institutionnels ; 2 la construction d’une croyance et intentionnalité collectives ; 3. la construction d’une éthique politique – influe sur le marquage de l’acte de langage et fragilise la possibilité d’en saisir les données à l’aide d’outils de fouille textuelle.
Républigram fever
Authors: SIMON Justine
Published: May 2022

L’article analyse les spécificités de la culture du partage en contexte numérique à partir d’une illustration récente. Il s’agit de l’expérience Républigram née en réaction à la communication politique d’Emmanuel Macron sur le respect des gestes barrières en février 2021. Le graphiste Martin Le Hénand a créé un « Générateur de photos Présidentielles » qui permet aisément de détourner les images initiales. Puis ce dernier a invité la communauté Twitter à partager sa création. À partir de l’analyse d’un corpus de tweets, l’enjeu est de saisir la relation réciproque établie entre technologies numériques et culture participative. Cette étude met en relief plusieurs caractéristiques essentielles de la culture du partage en régime numérique : l’expérience sociale de communautés virtuelles, la visibilité sociale (et l’invisibilité sociale), la participation au débat public, les imaginaires sémiodiscursifs, la présentation de soi et l’engagement émotionnel.
Il n’y a pas d’alternative : les imaginaires de l’innovation dans les discours d’Emmanuel Macron
Authors: DEFILIPPI Fabrizio
Published: May 2022

Cet article explore les imaginaires sociaux autour de la technologie, en analysant les discours du président français Emmanuel Macron ayant pour thème l’innovation. L’objectif est de comprendre quelle place occupent l’innovation et la technologie dans l’imaginaire macronien. Nous montrons que les discours étudiés (période 2017-2021) sont traversés par une dimension de « nécessité » : l’innovation y est présentée comme un élément incontournable pour résoudre des problèmes de nature diverse. L’évocation de scénarios indésirables devient l’occasion pour réaffirmer la nécessité d’une accélération de l’innovation. En prônant une adaptation de la société à un certain modèle d’innovation, ces discours semblent renouveler le slogan thatchérien « TINA – there is no alternative ».
Regular Solution Theory for Nonlinear Composition Dependency of Enantioselectivity by Mixed Micelle
Authors: Suzuki Nozomu
Published: May 2022

Mixtures of chiral and achiral building blocks of supramolecules exhibit interesting cooperative properties, as indicated by the nonlinear relationship between chiral properties and the mole fraction of chiral building blocks. However, the nonlinear composition dependence of the chiral recognition capability of spherical mixed micelles is poorly understood. This study hypothesized that the phenomenon could be described by the regular solution theory reported to be able to describe critical micelle concentration (CMC) and partition coefficients of the mixed micelle by interaction parameters β and B, respectively. CMC and mole fraction of chiral surfactant in the mixed micelle were simulated by using the theory of varying β and CMC of the two surfactants. Equations that describe the enantioselectivity are newly derived in this work, and the dependency of the enantioselectivity on B was studied in detail. The derived equations were applied to the earlier reported partition coefficient determined by mixed micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). It was found that the formula can describe the nonlinear composition dependency of the enantioselectivity of the mixed MEKC. The partition coefficient determined by MEKC was in agreement with the β vs. B relation, which was previously reported.
Influence of structural dynamics on cell uptake investigated with single-chain polymeric nanoparticles
Authors: Liao Suiyang , Wei Lixia , Boucheza Arthur , Stellacci Francesco
Published: May 2022

Most nanoparticles’ parameters affect their interactions with cells. To date, all the parameters studied are basically static (e.g., size, shape, ligands, charge). This is unfortunate, as proteins have structural dynamics that most nanoparticles do not possess. Here we study single-chain polymeric nanoparticles (SCPNs), whose structure undergoes dynamic changes. We produced multiple sets of particles from identical polymer chains via a supramolecular reshuffling approach that allowed iterative reshuffling between a compact/static and a sparse/dynamic form. These particles are topological isomers as they have identical molecular formulas differing in connectivity, and thus structural dynamics. We show that cell uptake discriminates these SCPN topological isomers. Through different endocytic pathways, the sparse/dynamic isomers are uptaken more, but the compact/static isomers access the cytosol more efficiently as evidenced by a glucocorticoid translocation assay. These results highlight the importance of structural dynamics’ role in cellular interactions.