bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological Characters, Yield, and Chemical Composition Potentials of Desho Grass (Pennisetum glaucifolium H.) Intercropped with Vetch Species in the Highlands of Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Tiruset , Asmare Bimrew , Mekuriaw Yeshambel , Hunegnaw Beyadglign
Published: May 2022

This experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating the effects of intercropping vetch species and harvesting age on the morphological characteristics, forage yield, and chemical composition of sole and intercropped forages. The experiment was laid out using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement consisting of two factors ((five forage varieties (four vetches & one desho)

∗

two harvesting ages)) for a total of ten treatments with three replications. The experimental treatments were sole desho (Var-Kulumsa), desho+V. villosa (Var-Lalisa), desho+V. villosa (Var-Gebisa), desho+V. sativa, and desho+V. dasycarpa (Var-Lana) at 90 and 120 harvesting days. All morphological characteristics forage yield and chemical composition data were collected from two middle rows by excluding the border rows. The result showed that the interaction (

P
<
0.001

) effect of harvesting age and intercropping of vetch species and varieties with desho grass was observed on the morphological characteristics, dry matter yield, and chemical composition of intercropped forage. Intercropping of vetch species/varieties with desho grass had shown significantly (

P
<
0.001

) higher dry matter yield than sole desho except desho with V. sativa. The highest crude protein (CP) content was obtained from desho grass intercropped with two V. villosa (Var-Lalisa and Var-Gebisa) at 90 days of harvesting age. This CP content of intercropped desho+Vetch species/varieties was double in amount than the CP obtained from sole desho in these species at 90 days of harvesting age. Moreover, the highest CPY was recorded from two V. villosa varieties (Var-Lalisa and Var-Gebisa). Hence, for the intercropping of vetch with desho grasses, the two V. villosa varieties (Var-Lalisa and Var-Gebisa) are recommended for on-farm evaluation and demonstration in the study area and similar agro-ecologies during the establishment phase at 90 days of harvesting age. It is possible to conclude that the intercropping of desho with these selected vetch species could be better than sole desho grass in terms of forage yield and quality in the highlands of northwestern Ethiopia to maximize ruminant livestock production. Hence, for the intercropping of vetch with desho grasses, the two V. villosa varieties (Var-Lalisa and Var-Gebisa) are recommended for on-farm evaluation and demonstration in the study area and similar agro-ecologies during the establishment phase at 90 days of harvesting age.
Legal Regulation of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Twin Decision-Making Risks in Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: Wang Zhao
Published: May 2022

Information is the basis of decision security. In the era of big data, information is everywhere, and risks are everywhere. Information leakage incidents are frequently exposed, bringing many hidden dangers to users. While artificial intelligence brings convenience to people, it also inevitably brings crises. This paper aims to study the information security laws and regulations of users in the intelligent age and find the reasons for the leakage of user information. This paper proposes to calculate decision risk with the help of mobile edge computing technology. It builds a digital twin risk simulation model to make better risk decisions. The experimental results of this paper show that improving relevant laws and regulations can significantly reduce decision-making risks and improve decision-making efficiency by 20%.
A Rare Case of Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome in a Neonate
Authors: Shrestha Nipun , Joshi Alisha , Hayashi Yumiko , Shrestha Dhruba , Dhoubhadel Bhim Gopal
Published: May 2022

Staphylococcus toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is not well described in neonates. The present criteria for diagnosis of TSS have not yet been validated in neonates. Here, we present a case of a 13-day-old female baby who presented with acute kidney injury (AKI). She had a pus-draining lesion on the head, and the pus grew Staphylococcus aureus. Based on the clinical criteria of fever, desquamation, hypotension, and AKI and laboratory criteria of absence of growth of any organisms in blood and cerebrospinal fluid, we diagnosed the case as TSS. She was treated with antibiotics, oxygen, and fluids, along with inotropic support and mechanical ventilation, and she recovered fully and was discharged on day 17 of admission. As there is no single test to diagnose TSS and it is uncommon in neonates, physicians should be familiar with the clinical presentation of the disease to make early diagnosis.
Computation of Vertex‐Based Topological Indices of Middle Graph of Alkane (CtH2t+2)
Authors: Sardar Muhammad Shoaib , Siddique Imran , Jarad Fahd , Ali Muhammad Asad , Türkan Erkan Murat , Danish Muhammad
Published: May 2022

Alkanes are the primary constituents of methane or natural gas that can also be found in volcanic crust. As a result of methane as a heat source, humans may cook without using any fuel in a volcanic environment. Propane which is an alkane derivative is safer alternative to methane and is commonly present in gas cooking fuel, as well as a tiny amount of gasoline and matches. The primary ingredient in automobile especially gasoline is also alkane in the form of octane. Topological indices are largely applied in chemistry to improve the quantitative structure relationship in which the properties of the molecules can be linked with their chemical structures. In this research work, we will calculate the certain well‐known topological indices of the middle graph of alkane based on vertex degree and also present a numerical and graphical comparison of computed topological indices.
Effect of Berberine Hydrochloride on the Diversity of Intestinal Flora in Parkinson’s Disease Patients
Authors: Li Jiaojiao , Meng Pin , Zhang Jianyu , He Mingli
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to investigate the effect of berberine hydrochloride on the diversity of intestinal flora in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Prospectively selected 68 PD patients, admitted to our hospital from April 2021 to June 2021, were randomly assigned to an observation group and a control group (n = 34 per group). Patients in the control group were given conventional treatment in accordance with Parkinson’s diagnosis and treatment guidelines. Patients in the observation group were administered berberine hydrochloride besides the treatment in the control group. After continuous treatment for 3 months, the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was applied to determine interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) levels. High‐throughput sequencing technology was employed to perform DNA sequencing on the 16S rRNA genes of all bacteria in stool samples before and after treatment in the two groups to analyze the distribution of intestinal flora. After treatment, the levels of IL‐8, IL‐6, and TNF‐α were lower in the observation group than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Regarding intestinal flora, the Chao index, Ace index, and Shannon index were higher in the observation group than those in the control group. The Simpson index was lower in the observation group than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The principal component analysis chart analysis exhibited that the overall structure of the intestinal flora was quite different between the observation and the control groups after treatment. Berberine hydrochloride can improve the disorder of intestinal flora in PD patients and suppress the expression of inflammatory factors.
Partial Differential Equation Noise Reduction Model and Fuzzy Image Processing in Optimal Application of Sports Dance Exercise Training Mode
Authors: Jiang YuanSong , Chen Can
Published: May 2022

Ballroom dancing has been standardized in the United Kingdom since the beginning of the 20th century, and it has been competitive by WDC to form competitive ballroom dancing. Later, under the vigorous promotion of WDSF, it became a competitive sport recognized by the International Olympic Committee. In the process of teaching experiments, dancers’ wrong movements in sports dance training are inevitable. If they are not corrected in time, it will not only reduce the effect of dance expression, but also directly affect the improvement of sports performance. The dance images are often disturbed by many factors such as imaging equipment and the external environment during the process of acquisition, compression, transmission and storage, resulting in image distortion. Image distortion is mainly manifested in that the image structure information is submerged by noise, and the distorted image can no longer truly reflect the original image information, which brings difficulties to the post-processing of the image. In this paper, the image denoising method based on partial differential equation and its application in sports dance training are deeply studied.
A Taxonomy and Analysis on Internet of Vehicles: Architectures, Protocols, and Challenges
Authors: Seth Ishita , Guleria Kalpna , Panda Surya Narayan , Anand Divya , Alsubhi Khalid , Aljahdali Hani Moaiteq , Singh Aman
Published: May 2022

The accelerated evolution in computing and transmission automation of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has led to enormous research standards that attract many researchers and industries. This century of the Internet of Things (IoT) is propulsive to the routine vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) in the IoV. It has emerged as one of the major driving forces for innovations in the intelligent vehicular industry. The World Health Organization (WHO) report confirms that approximately 1.35 million people die because of accidents on the road every year. This requires considerable attention to incorporate more and more safety measures into the automobile industry. Intelligent transportation systems can help bridge the gap between the traditional and the intelligent automotive industry by connecting vehicle to vehicle (V2V) and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I), hence adding much safety in vehicular communication. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) which discusses the architectures of IoV including layer types, functions of layers, application area, and communication type supported. Further, it also provides an in-depth insight into state-of-the-art Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols and routing protocols used in IoV communication. The routing protocol comparative summarization considers important parameters which include communication types broadcast, unicast, cluster, multicast, forwarding strategy, recovery strategy, availability of map, and the type of environment urban or highway. The summarization of various protocols highlights strengths, research gaps, and application areas. Finally, the paper addresses various research challenges along with potential future enhancements for the IoV communication.
Design, Implementation, and Performance Evaluation of a Web-Based Multiple Robot Control System
Authors: Rajapaksha U. U. Samantha , Jayawardena Chandimal , MacDonald Bruce A.
Published: May 2022

Heterogeneous multiple robots are currently being used in smart homes and industries for different purposes. The authors have developed the Web interface to control and interact with multiple robots with autonomous robot registration. The autonomous robot registration engine (RRE) was developed to register all robots with relevant ROS topics. The ROS topic identification algorithm was developed to identify the relevant ROS topics for the publication and the subscription. The Gazebo simulator spawns all robots to interact with a user. The initial experiments were conducted with simple instructions and then changed to manage multiple instructions using a state transition diagram. The number of robots was increased to evaluate the system’s performance by measuring the robots’ start and stop response time. The authors have conducted experiments to work with the semantic interpretation from the user instruction. The mathematical equations for the delay in response time have been derived by considering each experiment’s input given and system characteristics. The Big O representation is used to analyze the running time complexity of algorithms developed. The experiment result indicated that the autonomous robot registration was successful, and the communication performance through the Web decreased gradually with the number of robots registered.
Rural Financial Decision Support System Based on Database and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Yu Jingbo , Cui Hongwei
Published: May 2022

With the development of society and economy, the rural financial institution system mainly includes cooperatives and political and commercial rural financial institutions, and they are supplemented by agricultural insurance, guarantee, securities and other nonfinancial organizations to improve their own functions. Rural credit cooperatives have higher investment and operation risks than other financial institutions. New-type rural financial institutions are more sensitive to the market environment, asset quality and profitability, and risk-taking ability. Internal and external risks continue to accumulate, and their potential is low. These risks pose serious obstacles to the development and growth of financial institutions such as rural banks and microfinance companies, and pose major challenges to the security and stability of rural areas and agriculture. Using database and genetic algorithm to study rural credit risk, profitability, and liquidity, in order to track the impact of each explanatory variable in the system on the explained variable, the impulse response function is used to analyze the impact of nonperforming loan ratio on asset profitability. The data are all close to 0, indicating that the influence between the two is more obvious. The intelligent decision-making system support system evaluates the market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, and risk management and risk acceptance of rural financial institutions and explores effective countermeasures for their sustainable development.
A Case of Recalcitrant Circinate Generalized (Lapière) Psoriasis Successfully Treated with Risankizumab
Authors: Ruggiero Angelo , Lauro Wanda , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Miano Chiara , Villani Alessia , Marasca Claudio
Published: May 2022

Circinate (Lapière) psoriasis represents a rare variety of generalized subacute pustular psoriasis clinically characterized by rapid onset of annular circinate lesions with micro-pustules at the borders without classic plaque psoriasis manifestations. Most reported cases have been described in childhood with a relative benign course, fast and long-term remission after treatment. However, the recalcitrant course may result in an important negative impact on patients’ quality of life. Many systemic treatments have been reported for the management of moderate to severe forms, with variable clinical outcomes. However, data about the use of biologics in this rare psoriasis subtype are still lacking. Herein, we report the first case of circinate psoriasis unresponsive to methotrexate and almost all classes of biologics approved for psoriasis (anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF), anti-interleukin (IL)-12/23, and anti-IL-17) which was successfully treated with risankizumab (anti-IL-23).
Treatment of Membranous Nephropathy by Disulfiram through Inhibition of Podocyte Pyroptosis
Authors: Lv Daoyuan , Jiang Song , Zhang Mingchao , Zhu Xiaodong , Yang Fan , Wang Hui , Li Shen , Liu Feng , Zeng Caihong , Qin Weisong , Li Limin , Liu Zhihong
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a common chronic kidney disease in adults and a major challenge of clinical practice for its treatment. Despite major advances, since the discovery of the phospholipase A2 receptor as the major autoantigen of podocytes in MN, the mechanisms leading to glomerular damage remain elusive. Pyroptosis, a newly discovered type of programed necrotic cell death mainly mediated by gasdermin, was found to be responsible for podocyte injury in MN in our recent work. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect of an FDA-approved drug, disulfiram (DSF), in the treatment of MN by inhibiting pyroptosis. Methods and Results: DSF significantly alleviated C3a/C5a-induced podocyte injury in vitro and renal lesions in passive Heymann nephritis (PHN) rats, as reflected by the decreased percentage of propidium iodide staining podocytes, decreased lactate dehydrogenase release from cultured podocytes and improvement in 24-h urine protein, serum albumin, serum creatinine, abnormal alterations of podocyte injury markers Desmin and WT-1 and podocyte foot process fusion in PHN rats. The protective effect of DSF on podocyte injury in vitro and in vivo can be ascribed to its inhibition of the activation and membrane translocation of the pyroptosis executor gasdermin D (GSDMD) in podocytes. DSF also inhibited the increase and activation of the pyroptosis signaling pathway NLRP3-ASC-Caspase-1/IL-18/GSDMD in C3a/C5a-treated podocytes and renal tissue of PHN rats. Conclusion: DSF is a potential drug for MN treatment, and its clinical application needs to be further investigated.
A Case of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis during First-Line Targeted Therapy with Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib in BRAF V600E-Mutated Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Tronconi Maria Chiara , Marinello Arianna , Solferino Alessandra , Grimaudo Susanna , Ciccarelli Michele , Manara Sofia , Cozzaglio Luca , Mancini Luca , Borroni Riccardo , Santoro Armando
Published: May 2022

BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) and MEK inhibitors (MEKi) exert a cytotoxic and immune-mediated effect on metastatic melanoma. The immune-mediated mechanism can lead to some adverse events, including panniculitis, erythema, keratitis, vitiligo-like lesions, or, more rarely, sarcoid-like skin reactions. In particular, sarcoidosis-related manifestations during melanoma treatment are characterized mainly by skin involvement and are seldom associated with chest or lymph node lesions. Overall, managing these adverse events can be very challenging from the diagnostic and therapeutic points of view. We present a case of pulmonary sarcoidosis; it is the first without skin involvement and initially only with lung presentation, diagnosed during treatment with BRAFi and MEKi for metastatic cutaneous melanoma. After about 2 years of treatment, with an oncological complete response, a histologically confirmed form of pulmonary sarcoidosis was diagnosed and initially interpreted as tumor progression. Sarcoidosis has always remained asymptomatic. After progression in the thorax and supraclavicular lymph nodes, steroid therapy with prednisone was instituted with total remission of the signs of disease. The targeted therapy has never been interrupted, and the patient still shows a complete response. This clinical case suggests that rare immune-mediated events, such as pulmonary sarcoidosis, should be considered during targeted therapy for metastatic melanoma and not only during treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. It also suggests that the interruption of targeted treatment should be accurately considered based on the expected risks or benefits since such immune-mediated events may have low clinical impact.
Just an Acute Pulmonary Edema? Paraneoplastic Thyroid Storm Due to Invasive Mole
Authors: Jiménez-Labaig Pablo , Mañe Joan Manuel , Rivero María Pilar , Lombardero Lara , Sancho Aintzane , López-Vivanco Guillermo
Published: May 2022

Hydatidiform mole is a malignant entity included in the gestational trophoblastic diseases. It usually produces pregnancy hormones such as beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), which in turn stimulates endogenous thyroid hormone production. We report the case of a high-risk complete invasive hydatidiform mole with pulmonary metastasis and associated paraneoplastic syndrome. The patient is a 30-year-old woman who presented symptoms of pregnancy and metrorrhagia. A uterine mass was detected. Urine β-hCG was found negative. In serum, 2,662,000 mIU/mL (normal range: <5) was found, together with parameters of severe hyperthyroidism. The patient underwent uterine curettage with diagnostic and therapeutic means. At that precise moment, her pregnancy-like symptoms worsened and she developed restlessness, tachycardia, diaphoresis, dyspnea at rest, and peripheral edema. A scan showed bilateral pulmonary nodules suggestive of metastasis, acute pulmonary edema, and bilateral pleural effusion without signs of pulmonary thromboembolism. At that time, she presented a free T4 of 2.34 ng/dL (normal range: 0.8–1.8 ng/dL), causing a thyroid storm with secondary cardiac dysfunction. The patient was treated with corticosteroid therapy to decrease peripheral conversion of thyroid hormone T4 to active T3. Her symptoms remitted within 8 h. After 48 h, T4 level was 1.2 ng/dL while serum β-hCG was 80,000 mIU/mL, with a positive urine result. The change in the urine analysis is due to the “hook effect” of the reactive test. An effective chemotherapy treatment was started according to the EMA-CO scheme, remaining free of disease at present. Knowing paraneoplastic syndromes is necessary to achieve the best clinical management and to start treatment early.
Post-Irradiation Morphea of the Breast in a Patient with Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: Case Report and a Literature Review
Authors: Zahn Carole Anouk , Feldmeyer Laurence , Blum Roland , Mainetti Carlo
Published: May 2022

The appearance of morphea after radiotherapy, especially in the context of breast cancer, is a rare but known phenomenon. The incidence of post-irradiation morphea (PIM) of the breast is approximately one in every 500 patients, a higher rate than morphea of any other etiology, which is three per 100,000 per year. PIM usually appears less than 1 year after irradiation (range 1 month to 32 years). The histological pattern of PIM is different from the one in post-irradiation fibrosis, which is a common side effect of radiotherapy and usually appears during the first 3 months after irradiation. Several theories have been proposed to explain the pathogenesis of PIM, probably caused by a disturbance of the cytokine pattern. The development of PIM in patients with autoimmune diseases has been described in the literature. To our knowledge, we report the first case of PIM in a patient with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. We should therefore pay attention when looking at patients with PIM to search for an underlying autoimmune disease.
TRIM33 Modulates Inflammation and Airway Remodeling of PDGF-BB-Induced Airway Smooth-Muscle Cells by the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Li Jia , Wang Xuyan , Su Yufei , Hu Shuwen , Chen Jing
Published: May 2022

Asthma is a chronic airway disease involving airway inflammation and remodeling. Studies showed that tripartite motif-containing protein 33 (TRIM33) regulated natural immunity, inflammation, and pulmonary fibrosis. However, the role and regulatory mechanism of TRIM33 in children’s asthma are unclear. In this study, the TRIM33 expressions in serum samples and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB)-induced airway smooth-muscle cells (ASMCs) were evaluated. A gain-of-function experiment was performed, and cell proliferation and migration were detected using CCK-8 and wound healing assays. Besides, the protein levels of EMT biomarkers and airway-remodeling markers were determined by Western blot assay. ELISA analyzed the contents of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the supernatant. The modulation of Smad4 expression and subsequent activation of Wnt/β-catenin by TRIM33 were also assessed. We found that TRIM33 was downregulated in the serum from children who were asthma patients and PDGF-BB-induced ASMCs. TRIM33 overexpression showed decrease of PDGF-BB-induced ASMC proliferation and migration. Moreover, the augment of TRIM33 reduced the PDGF-BB-induced cell EMT and airway-remodeling marker levels and suppressed the secretions of inflammatory cytokines in PDGF-BB-induced ASMCs. Additionally, TRIM33 overexpression inhibited activation of Wnt/β-catenin via reducing Smad4 expression to regulate asthma inflammation and airway remodeling. All in all, our study revealed that TRIM33 expression was downregulated in children who were asthma patients and PDGF-BB-induced ASMCs. TRIM33 modulated PDGF-BB-induced inflammation and airway remodeling of ASMCs by the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via regulating Smad4, which may provide a new treatment direction for asthma.
Outcome Prediction in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy Using Neurophysiology and Neuroimaging
Authors: Steiner Mirjam , Urlesberger Berndt , Giordano Vito , Kasprian Gregor , Glatter Sarah , Oberleitner-Leeb Christiane , Rittenschober-Boehm Judith , Werther Tobias , Berger Angelika , Olischar Monika , Goeral Katharina
Published: May 2022

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the predictive power of the combined use of neurophysiological (amplitude-integrated electroencephalography [aEEG], near-infrared spectroscopy [NIRS]) methods and neuroimaging (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) for long-term outcome prediction in neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). Study Design: Prospective cohort study of 56 patients with moderate to severe HIE and hypothermia treatment at the Medical University of Vienna between 2008 and 2020. aEEG and NIRS were recorded continuously over a period of >4 days (102 h) starting at the initiation of hypothermia treatment, MRI was performed at a median age of 8 days. Receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve were calculated to evaluate the prognostic ability of aEEG, NIRS, and MRI parameters for outcome assessed via Bayley Scales of Infant Development 3rd edition at 2 years of age. Results: Combined aEEG and MRI parameters showed highest predictive power regarding long-term outcome. The highest area under the curve values (0.96–0.99) were obtained for aEEG (combination of background pattern and sleep-wake cycling) between 66 and 102 h after initiation of hypothermia in combination with MRI findings. NIRS parameters did not differ significantly between infants with favourable and adverse outcome. Conclusions: Combined aEEG and MRI parameter scores were more predictive than single parameter scores. No further improvement was observed when combining aEEG/MRI with NIRS data.
Delayed Detection of Hydrocephalus following Mildly Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Corticobasal Degeneration: A Case Report
Authors: Mochizuki Yusuke , Kodaira Minori , Kondo Yasufumi , Yamada Mitsunori , Kuroiwa Masafumi , Kaneko Tomoki , Sato Midori , Sekijima Yoshiki
Published: May 2022

A 65-year-old woman presented with slowly progressive aphasia with gait disturbance associated with parkinsonism. She experienced a fall that resulted in a brain trauma. Brain imaging revealed a small amount of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with intraventricular bleeding. Despite conservative therapy, gait disturbance and hyporesponsiveness gradually deteriorated following that brain trauma. One month later, she was transferred to our hospital, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed prominent communicating hydrocephalus. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt and brain biopsy were performed. Neurosurgical intervention did not improve the patient’s neurological condition. Clinical-pathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of corticobasal degeneration (CBD) as an underlying disease relating to parkinsonism and aphasia. In patients with parkinsonism with high risks of falling, attention should be paid to neurological deterioration due to traumatic SAH-related hydrocephalus. Particularly, in patients with aphasia such as in those with CBD, delayed detection of posttraumatic complications might cause poor responsiveness to surgical intervention.
Multiple Phenotypic Conversion in Malignant Melanoma: Obtainment of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor-Producing Ability during the Intermission of Nivolumab Therapy
Authors: Chujo Satomi , Nobeyama Yoshimasa , Asahina Akihiko , Itoh Munenari
Published: May 2022

Malignant melanoma (MM) is one of the most aggressive, recalcitrant, and recurrence-prone skin neoplasms. Its feature is likely to be associated with phenotypic conversion due to tumor heterogeneity. The multidisciplinary assessment, including surgery, drug therapy using anticancer agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors, and radiotherapy, is needed for the treatment of advanced MM. Herein, we report a long-term follow-up MM, in which multiple phenotypic conversion occurred during several treatments. In particular, our case obtained granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing ability during the intermission of nivolumab therapy and it was successfully controlled by re-administration of nivolumab. Sharing the case having a varied clinical course is meaningful to increase the knowledge and decision branches for the treatment of melanoma.
Emotional Availability: Clinical Populations and Clinical Applications
Authors: Biringen Zeynep , Sandoval Karen , Flykt Marjo , Joslin Steffany , Lincoln Michael
Published: May 2022

Emotional availability (EA) is the ability to share an emotional connection within a dyad. The observational EA System includes the EA Scales and the EA Zones. The EA Scales consist of four adult dimensions (sensitivity, structuring, nonintrusiveness, nonhostility) and two child dimensions (responsiveness, involvement). Based on the EA Scales, EA Zones refer to “emotional attachment styles” and are patterned after traditional attachment categories (Ainsworth et al., 1978). Since the review on EA by Biringen et al. (2014), extensive research on EA has utilized the EA Scales or the EA Zones, especially with respect to clinical populations and applications. We address topics absent from the 2014 review, namely, utilizing the EA System for at-risk populations and in prevention and intervention studies. We consider EA research accounting for fathers or alternative caregivers and suggest using the whole EA system versus specific dimensions. We conclude with new directions in clinical applications of EA.
Reparo percutâneo de valva mitral pelo MitraClip: análise crítico-comparativa dos ensaios clínicos MITRA-FR E COAPT
Authors: Garcia Bárbara Machado , Abdalla Beatriz Libero , Ramos Bruna Eduarda Ribeiro , Tolentino Carolina Carvalho , Rocha Caroline Miranda , Rocha Eduardo Augusto Victor
Published: May 2022

Introdução: A valvuloplastia é indicada para o tratamento de regurgitação mitral grave, sendo a técnica transcateter uma opção à toracotomia. Testou-se o dispositivo MitraClip para reparo percutâneo da valva mitral em dois ensaios clínicos randomizados com resultados antagônicos: MITRA-FR e COAPT. Objetivo: Analisar as variáveis metodológicas apresentadas pelos ensaios. Método: Revisão crítico-comparativa entre MITRA-FR e COAPT. Resultados: COAPT apresentou taxa de sucesso de 98% e redução na taxa de hospitalização por IC. Já MITRA-FR não demonstrou redução da taxa de mortalidade ou da hospitalização não planejada por IC em um ano. Discussão: A seleção de participantes em COAPT mostrou-se mais criteriosa. Embora COAPT tenha utilizado maior número de clipes por operação, o desfecho primário nos dois ensaios foi semelhante. No COAPT, o acompanhamento medicamentoso foi estabelecido por um comitê, sendo relatado aumento expressivo do uso de betabloqueadores no grupo experimental. Ademais, interesses financeiros podem ter corroborado para os resultados encontrados no COAPT. Conclusão: Os resultados conflitantes de MITRA-FR e COAPT são explicados por diferenças metodológicas, mas o resultado positivo apresentado por COAPT possui maior risco de viés.
Relação entre os níveis de ferritina e o prognóstico da COVID-19
Authors: Sousa Júnior Elson Cavalcante Silva de , Medeiros Artur Pereira de França , Silva Igor Vasconcelos e , Silva Rafael de Freitas e
Published: May 2022

O elevado nível de ferritina sérica tem sido associado à COVID-19 grave devido à sua estimulação por citocinas relacionadas com o processo inflamatório. Embora este aumento seja esperado, esta revisão propõe analisar o quão elevado o nível de ferritina pode estar relacionado com esta severidade. Nesta linha de pensamento, a hiperferritinemia na COVID-19 poderia ser um importante factor de previsão e outra forma de compreender as complicações da COVID-19 - coagulopatia, síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo (SDRA). Além disso, esta correlação tem sido vista como uma possível quinta síndrome entre as outras "síndromes hiperferritinêmicas", todas caracterizadas por ferritina sérica elevada; esta é uma comparação e análise pertinente em termos de tratamentos.
Sown Men and Rome’s Civil Wars
Authors: Biggs Thomas
Published: May 2022

Melinno’s so-called Hymn to Rome was composed sometime between the third century BCE and the third century CE. Nearly all scholars judge the poem to be a relatively straightforward panegyric of Rome’s power. The final stanza compares the Romans to the Sown Men. This article argues that the appearance of Theban or Colchian Spartoi could have evoked a more complex response from many probable readers of Melinno’s poem in antiquity, especially those who were well versed in Latin literature and Rome’s harrowing histories of civil war. It proposes that the closing comparison underscores the Romans’ fatal flaw: their inborn compulsion to engage in internecine strife. By concluding the hymn with a destabilizing reference, Melinno’s linking of Rome and Thebes points to a more nuanced evaluation of Roman power than scholars have yet to recognize.
A Mixed-Methods Social Psychology Application Evaluating the Role of Citizen Science in Mitigating Human-Wildlife Conflict
Authors: Teel Tara L. , Adams Morgan , Don Carlos Andrew W. , Bonnell Mary Ann , Breck Stewart W.
Published: May 2022

Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) is a global phenomenon with serious implications for biodiversity conservation and human well-being. Innovative solutions demand greater attention to the social factors contributing to HWC, including human thought and behavior, which can be examined through the lens of social psychology. Using the case of human-coyote conflict in North America, this study employed a mixed-methods social psychology approach to explore the potential for citizen science to serve as a tool for HWC mitigation. Quantitative surveys and interviews with volunteers in a coyote-focused citizen science program in Colorado revealed that the program is positively affecting participants’ attitudes/beliefs and empowering them to take action to address conflicts in their communities. The article concludes with recommendations for future evaluative research in this area as well as ways to more generally improve social-psychology applications in wildlife conservation.
Niederländische und niederdeutsche Sprachvarietäten bei Johannes Drusius dem Älteren
Authors: Stern Heidi
Published: May 2022

This study is based on the third part Censura of the lexicographical work Nomenclator Eliae Levitae Germani (Franeker: Albert 1652), revised by the scholar Johannes Drusius. Censura (pp. 48–234) contains 796 Latin and Hebrew dictionary entries from the Old Testament. Those entries are brief comparisons between the three Linguae sacrae Latin, Greek and Hebrew or present a longer discussion on the respective words in Latin. This article focuses on those Dutch and Low-German variants which Drusius labeled in 26 articles as regional variants, namely Saxon (in fact Low-Saxon), Flandric (Flemish region), Frisian, Sicambric (Lower Rhine region), Batavian (Lower Rhine region) and Hollandic. The study analyses regional variants in the context of their word entries and in regard to their grammatical distinctions. The inclusion of the regional variants by Drusius is not systematic, but their presentation probably aimed at didactic purposes and, in some cases, towards a better understanding of etymological relations.
Einmal, zweimal, dreimal: Warum wurde die mittelniederdeutsche Apokalypse populär?
Authors: Langbroek Erika , Brands Francis
Published: May 2022

Thirteenth- and fourteenth-century fragments of the Middle Low German Apocalypse in verses, probably written during the thirteenth century, are handed down to us, as well as three complete texts from the fifteenth century. In the course of the fifteenth century this text was shortened in two different ways and was used in several places in the North of Germany. Eight more or less complete versions give evidence of this. Our study investigates the reasons why this text from the thirteenth century regained popularity in the fifteenth century.
Photo-Elicitation Interviews—a Possibility for Collaborative Provocation of Preconceptions
Authors: Birkeland Åsta , Grindheim Liv Torunn
Published: May 2022

This article investigates researchers’ methodological preconceptions when aiming at insight by involving visual methods in focus group interviews. The authors examine the photos used in photo-elicited focus group interviews in a project investigating Chinese and Norwegian early childhood education master students and teacher educators’ values and beliefs about proper artifacts for local and national belonging. They aim to adopt a “defamiliarizing mode” for their interpretations while emphasizing conflicting perspectives among the interviewees using provocative photos to prompt the discussion. To critically investigate the photos and problematize the authors’ choices of photos that reflect their preconceptions, this article is structured around the research question: how can photo-elicited interviews (pei) provoke researchers’ methodological preconceptions? The conflicting perspectives were analyzed building on Bakhtin’s concepts on outsideness, chronotope and polyphony. The authors’ analysis surfaces new insight into the limitations and strengths of photo-elicited focus group interviews contextualized in educational research.
Four new species of Oedalea (Diptera, Empidoidea, Hybotidae, Oedaleinae) from China with a key to south eastern Asian species
Authors: ZENG WEI , LIN CHEN , YANG DING
Published: May 2022

Previously only two species of the genus Oedalea were known from China. Here the following four new species are added to the fauna of China from Yunnan Province, Hebei Province and Tibet Autonomous Region: O. linzhiensis sp. nov., O. wenliangi sp. nov., O. wulingshana sp. nov. and O. yangi sp. nov. A key to the species of Oedalea from south eastern Asia is provided.
Evaluation of Intermountain Risk Score for Short- and Long-Term Mortality in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Çınar Tufan , Şaylık Faysal , Akbulut Tayyar , Korkmaz Yetkin , Çiçek Vedat , Asal Suha , Erdem Almina , Selçuk Murat , Hayıroğlu Mert İlker
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to examine the Intermountain Risk Score (IMRS) for short- and long-term mortality in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients and compare it with the well-known risk scores, such as the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE). In this retrospective and cross-sectional study, 1057 consecutive patients with STEMI were evaluated. The end-points of the study were short- and long-term mortality. The overall mortality rate was 16% (n = 170 patients). The IMRS was significantly higher in STEMI patients who did not survive compared with those who survived. According to multivariable COX proportional regression analysis, the IMRS was independently related to both short- (HR: 1.482, 95% CI: 1.325–1.675, p < .001) and long-term mortality (HR: 1.915, 95% CI: 1.711–2.180, p < .001). The comparison of receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that the IMRS had non–inferior predictive capability for short- and long-term mortality than the TIMI and GRACE risk scores. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the IMRS can predict short- and long-term prognosis of patients with STEMI. Further, the IMRS’ predictive value for overall mortality was non-inferior compared with TIMI and GRACE scores.
The Nature of Theory Used in Practice Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Moores Alis V. , Dancza Karina M. , Turpin Merrill J. , Copley Jodie A.
Published: May 2022

Background. Placements are key contexts for occupational therapy students to connect theoretical knowledge (theory) with practice. Theory relates to the prevailing ideas and concepts used by a profession. It can be derived within and outside the profession (discipline-specific knowledge and related knowledge, respectively). Purpose. This scoping review aimed to identify what is known about the nature of theoretical knowledge used in occupational therapy practice education. Method. A search of 4 electronic databases identified 19 relevant publications, data from which was extracted deductively. Findings. Inconsistent descriptions related to discipline-specific knowledge while related knowledge was often presented as not integrated with, or complementing, discipline-specific knowledge. Some authors referred to educational knowledge and methods informing student's theory use during placements. Implications. Educational methods need to provide a foundational platform, enabling novice learners to structure their thinking about ways discipline-specific and related knowledge can be used within an occupational framework on placement.
The Electoral Consequences of International Migration in Sending Countries: Evidence from Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Lim Junghyun
Published: May 2022

This paper examines the political attributes of emigrants and how their departure affects the electoral outcomes in their home countries. I argue that emigrants are different from those who remain in their political preferences as well as economic attributes, such that large-scale emigration changes the distribution of voters in sending countries. Emigration can also directly affect the policy preferences of individuals who stay in their home countries. I test these arguments in seven Central and Eastern European countries, using individual-level surveys and region-level data on emigration and elections. To address potential endogeneity issues, I use instrumental variable analysis, leveraging the surge of Polish emigration to the United Kingdom after the EU enlargement. I find that emigrants from Central and Eastern Europe tend to be younger, highly educated, and politically more progressive and that the vote shares of far-right parties are larger in regions with higher emigration rates. Also, I find that exposure to large-scale emigration affects the vote choices of individuals who remain.
The unspoken red-line in Colombia: Gender reordering of women ex-combatants and the transformative peace agenda
Authors: Gutiérrez José A , Murphy Emma
Published: May 2022

Academic perspectives on women in conflict have been consistently moving away from the reductionist narrative of victimhood or deviation from gender norms. Yet, this narrative is still predominant in humanitarian discourses, while it is assumed that women’s participation in peacebuilding derives from their natural proclivities. These narratives, we argue, reinforce the gendered patriarchal post-conflict order as ex-combatant women are pushed into traditional roles through reintegration processes without addressing gendered structural and systemic violence. This article is based on the Colombian case, where a peace agreement in 2016 marked the official end to decades of conflict between FARC-EP rebels and the government. While deep changes were promised, the reality for women ex-combatants has been – despite unprecedented levels of women’s participation – a reordering into traditional roles and a reinforcement of conjugal order rather than a transformative progression towards peacetime emancipation. We argue that, while the government claimed that the economic and political systems were non-negotiable red-lines, there was also another unspoken red-line: that of gender roles. This article argues that addressing the gendered structural roots of conflicts in order to build sustainable peace requires a decisive participation of women, including former rebel combatants whose potential contribution to transformative peacebuilding are often ignored.
Book review: Prashant Kidambi, Manjiri Kamat and Rachel Dwyer, eds, Bombay Before Mumbai: Essays in Honour of Jim Masselos
Authors: Chhabria Sheetal
Published: May 2022

Prashant Kidambi, Manjiri Kamat and Rachel Dwyer, eds, Bombay Before Mumbai: Essays in Honour of Jim Masselos. Delhi: Penguin Random House, 2019, 432 pp.
Book review: Megan Eaton Robb, Print and the Urdu Public: Muslims, Newspapers, and Urban Life in Colonial India
Authors: Hakala Walter N.
Published: May 2022

Megan Eaton Robb, Print and the Urdu Public: Muslims, Newspapers, and Urban Life in Colonial India. New York: Oxford University Press, 2020, 259 pp.
Book review: Manu V. Devadevan, ed, Clio and Her Descendants: Essays for Kesavan Veluthat
Authors: Roy Kumkum
Published: May 2022

Manu V. Devadevan, ed, Clio and Her Descendants: Essays for Kesavan Veluthat. New Delhi: Primus Books, 2018, 1014 pp.
Book review: Annie Devenish, Debating Women’s Citizenship in India, 1930–1960
Authors: Sinha Mrinalini
Published: May 2022

Annie Devenish, Debating Women’s Citizenship in India, 1930–1960. New Delhi: Bloomsbury, 2019, 288 pp.
Street-level bureaucracy in weak state institutions: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Peeters Rik , Campos Sergio A.
Published: May 2022

The study of street-level bureaucracy has been dominated by research from the Global North. Mainstream conceptualizations are, therefore, based on observations from institutional contexts that may vary significantly from the working conditions of frontline workers elsewhere. This article takes stock of the growing body of literature on street-level bureaucracy in weak institutional contexts and brings together relevant insights from comparative political science and public administration into a coherent analytical framework. We identify four institutional factors that shape frontline working conditions and three behavioral patterns in frontline worker agency. These patterns in frontline agency – ranging from policy improvisation to informal privatization – can be understood as an institutional waterbed effect caused by institutional deficiencies, such as resource scarcity and accountability gaps: if the complexity of public service provision is not tackled at the institutional level, it is pushed towards the street-level where frontline workers cope with it in highly diverse ways.

Points for practitioners Frontline workers in weak state institutions are commonly faced with highly precarious working conditions. If the structural preconditions for policy implementation and rule enforcement are unresolved, these complexities are pushed towards frontline workers that cope with them through informal privatization, policy improvisation, or alienative commitment focused on mere job survival. Frontline agency is an indispensable factor for understanding the selective and often distributive nature of service delivery and rule enforcement in the Global South.
Poor Prospects—Not Inequality—Motivate Political Violence
Authors: Bartusevičius Henrikas , van Leeuwen Florian
Published: May 2022

Despite extensive scholarly interest in the association between economic inequality and political violence, the micro-level mechanisms through which the former influences the latter are not well understood. Drawing on pioneering theories of political violence, social psychological research on relative deprivation, and prospect theory from behavioral economics, we examine individual-level processes that underpin the relationship between inequality and political violence. We present two arguments: despite being a key explanatory variable in existing research, perceived lower economic status vis-à-vis other individuals (an indicator of relative deprivation) is unlikely to motivate people to participate in violence; by contrast, although virtually unexplored, a projected decrease in one’s own economic status (prospective decremental deprivation) is likely to motivate violence. Multilevel analyses of probability samples from many African countries provide evidence to support these claims. Based on this, we posit that focusing on changes in living conditions, rather than the status quo, is key for understanding political violence.