bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Competition in the Hungarian Poultry Industry
Authors: Bareith Tibor , Csonka Arnold
Published: June 2022

This study examines the competitive nature of the Hungarian poultry sector between 2006 and 2016. The poultry population has stagnated over the period investigated, however the farm structure has changed significantly and the population of poultry held by individual farms has decreased. In this research, market competition was measured with the persistence of abnormal profits, while profit persistence was estimated using the Arellano-Bond GMM and Blundell-Bond dynamic panel regression. Based on the results, it can be said that the level of profit in the poultry sector is close to the equilibrium profit level. The farm size, technological development as well as the tax advantages of individual farms distort competition leading to higher profits. Taking long-term risk has a negative impact on abnormal profits. The results of the research suggests that the breakthrough points for the poultry sector are technological progress and population growth, as well as a reduction in labor intensity.
Preferences of Small-Scale Farmers for Innovative Farming Techniques in Volcanic Highlands in Rwanda
Authors: Maniriho Aristide , Musabanganji Edouard , Mulumeoderhwa Fidèle , Manirakiza Dismas , Lebailly Philippe
Published: June 2022

This paper attempted to identify the determinant factors of innovative technologies preferences by small-scale farmers in the Volcanic Highlands in Rwanda. Data used were collected from a random sample of 401 small-scale crop producers using a structured questionnaire in the study area. A logit regression model was specified, whereby a binary maximum likelihood estimation method was used to identify the factors affecting of the adoption of chemical fertilizers, the determinants of the combined use of chemical and organic fertilizers, the determinants of the adoption of improved seeds, as well as the determinant factors of appropriate use of pesticides. The results showed that farmer’s education level, farming experience, membership to farm cooperative, the number of extension visits, and crop farming are the factors that affect positively the probability of adopting one or other of the four innovative farming techniques. From these results, we suggest the enhancement of extension services and other needed support to small-scale farmers (grants and subsidies, access to finance for example), the spread of professional trainings to farmers, and the increased farmers’ access to high-yielding seed varieties if farming professionalization and innovative farming techniques are still among the development goals.
Fair Label versus Blockchain Technology from the Consumer Perspective: Towards a Comprehensive Research Agenda
Authors: Sodamin Dino , Vaněk Jiří , Ulman Miloš , Šimek Pavel
Published: June 2022

Many small farmers and workers on plantations in poorer countries constantly live on the poverty threshold. Those people suffer from rising commodity prices and trade structures that pass price pressure to the weakest link. Farmers are at the mercy of these structures and must comply as they have no other choice. On the consumers' side of the supply chain, it is often hard to recognize agricultural products' fairness and originality, especially in processed food. Many organizations – through food labelling - partially inform consumers about products' provenance and fairness. Whereas several studies confirm that food labels positively influence the consumers' intention to buy food, the vast number of organizations and labels are hard to evaluate and distinguish. A technology that could be a gamechanger in sustainable and fair global agriculture could be Blockchain Technology (BCT). With the help of BCT, the need for a central authority like a "fair label" agency may become obsolete, with the same or even better results. This conceptual article surveys subject matter literature and concludes that there is a noticeable research gap in the possibility of BCT replacing or enhancing fair food labels. Thus, the paper shows the potential of BCT to improve fairer agricultural supply chains and make them transparent for customers. By doing so, some research areas and research questions will be derived. Furthermore, specific directions for future research will be shown.
PROJECTING AS A VECTOR OF COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   International Institute of Design and Service, Popova N.A. , Barkova O.V. , Omelchenko E.A.
Published: June 2022

Specifics of projecting as a vector of comprehensive school development is discussed. It is noted that projecting is the basis of communicative activity core realized via practice oriented school teaching, where school students form inter-disciplinary skills and universal competences in real activities. Practical experiences of projecting organization in a private comprehensive school are described. Model of project workshops of “7 keys” school is presented.
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Kravtsova L.M. , Shakamalov G.M.
Published: June 2022

A topical problem of finding efficient ways to structure the educational process is discussed so that students could master both theoretical and practical skills. The research aim is to develop the methods of training future physical education teachers. Methods of conducting PE lessons using different kinds of teaching are discussed and their efficiency is analyzed. In this respect the authors present two methods of training future teachers to conduct PE lessons. The efficiency of both methods was experimentally assessed. One of the methods involves only practical training while the second one combines theoretical and practical training. The experimental results show the efficiency of the method that combines theoretical and practical training. In the end of the research the authors arrive at the conclusion about the efficiency of different methods of training students. The conducted research can be useful to higher school teachers, teachers of teacher training colleges and PE school teachers.
Anaesthetic Management of Congenital Lobar Emphysema- A Case Report
Authors: Shandilya Ajay S , Narayan Anil Kumar , Krishna Harini , Ramya .
Published: June 2022

Congenital Lobar Emphysema (CLE) is a rare congenital disorder causing overinflation of a lobe or lobes of the lung. The left upper lobe is most commonly involved. Surgery is the preferred treatment in cases of CLE, with the patients recovering well after surgery, even with excision of more than one lobe. Here authors report a case of 2-week-old female infant with worsening respiratory distress that did not resolve despite supplemental oxygen and non-invasive ventilatory support and was subsequently diagnosed with Congenital Lobar Emphysema (CLE). The pathology in CLE is the overinflation of the affected lobes and consequent collapse of the normal lobes, leading to hypoxia and reduced gas exchange. The emphysematous lobe causes the mediastinum to shift to the other side, and severe cases may have a haemodynamic compromise. Anaesthesia in such infants is a precarious proposition. The infants may also have other congenital abnormalities. Furthermore, the over distended lobe will cause several problems affecting the infant’s cardiorespiratory physiology. Hence, the preanaesthetic evaluation, anaesthesia plan and execution should be meticulously planned.
Effect of Pelvic Floor and Abdominal Muscle Exercise on Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Balambika R , Sathyaprabha B
Published: June 2022

Introduction: International continence society and the international urogynaecology association defined the Urinary Incontinence (UI) as “the complaint of any involuntary urine loss”. Pelvic Floor Muscles (PFM) weakness leads to Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI). There exists an association between physical exertions along with urinary loss in UI. For decreasing urine leak episodes in women, PFM exercises are recommended. The PFM serves as the inner unit and the transverse abdominal muscle, multifidus along with diaphragm act as core muscles. Therefore, for treating SUI, abdominal muscle strengthening might be efficient. Aim: To analyse the effect of combined PFM exercises and abdominal muscle exercises on SUI symptoms. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was executed with 15 subjects in the Experimental Group (EG) and 11 subjects in the Control Group (CG) via purposive sampling technique at outpatient department. The EG was treated with abdominal muscle exercises along with Pelvic Floor Exercises (PFE) for eight weeks while the CG was treated with PFE. Via phone calls, the training’s follow-up was conducted. PFM strength and the Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID) were the outcome measures. The between group perineometer scores analysed with paired t-test. For examining the pre and post-test score of PFM strength scores the independent t-test was employed. For analysing the QUID score Wilcoxon signedrank test, Mann-Whitney U test was applied. Results: The mean of PFM strength (mmHg) for the interventional group was 5.4 while in the CG the mean was 1.64 as exhibited by the within group analysis (p=0.001). An enhancement in every component of QUID in the interventional group was shown in the post-test QUID score between groups which depicted a statistically significant difference in all the components (cough p=0.001, bending p=0.002, walk p=0.001). Conclusion: Abdominals and PFM exercise lessens the SUI symptoms even though PF exercise is the regular treatment aimed at SUI. Better improvement in SUI symptoms and PFM strength is possible by the abdominals along with eight week PF exercise program.
Impact of Duration of Disease and Glycosylated Haemoglobin Level in Determining the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective, Cross-sectional, Observational Study
Authors: Narzary Krishna Chandra , Boro Sanjib Kumar , Das Naba Kumar
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Duration of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and degree of glycaemic control play a pivotal role in the development of macrovascular complications of T2DM, including Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). However, association of the duration of T2DM and Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) level with the severity of CAD is still an ongoing matter of debate in the diabetic patient subset. Aim: To investigate the association of duration of T2DM and HbA1c level with severity of CAD in patients presenting with T2DM suspected of CAD. Materials and Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted on 500 T2DM patients at GNRC Medical, Guwahati, Assam, India from June 2017 to June 2019. The T2DM patients with suspected CAD were studied and stratified according to the duration of T2DM (<10 and >10 years) and HbA1c level (<7% or ≥7%). All patients underwent coronary angiography to assess number of diseased vessels i.e., insignificant CAD (defined as <50% diameter stenosis in left main and <70% diameter stenosis in other branches), Single Vessel Disease (SVD), Double Vessel Disease (DVD), Triple Vessel Disease (TVD), and Left Main Coronary Artery (LMCA) disease. Chi square test was used to assess the correlation of the duration of T2DM and HbA1c level with angiographic severity of CAD. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0, (Chicago, IL, USA). Results: A total of 500 patients were studied, of which, 295 (59%) and 205 (41%) patients had <10 and ≥10 year duration of T2DM, respectively. Overall, 264 (52.8%) patients had HbA1c <7%, and 236 (47.2%) had ≥7%. Normal coronary artery (42.4% vs. 5.9%; p=0.00001), insignificant CAD (9.8% vs. 2.4%; p=0.00124), SVD (21% vs. 6.8%; p=0.00001), and LMCA disease (2.4% vs. 13.2%; p=0.00001) were significantly higher in patients with <10 year duration of T2DM than ≥10 year. On the other hand, DVD (12.9% vs. 28.8%; p=0.00001), and TVD (11.5% vs. 42.9%; p=0.00001) were significantly higher in patients with ≥10 year duration of T2DM as compared to <10 year. Normal coronary artery (34.8% vs. 19.1%; p=0.0001), and insignificant CAD (10.2% vs. 2.9%; p=0.0013) was higher in patients with HbA1c level <7% than ≥7%. The prevalence of TVD (18.6% vs. 30.9%; p=0.0013), and LMCA disease (3.8% vs. 10.2%; p=0.0047) were significantly lower in patients with HbA1c level <7 than ≥7%. Conclusion: The T2DM patients with suspected CAD, longer duration of T2DM and poor glycaemic control were associated with more severe CAD.
Potential Risk Factors for COVID-19 Infection among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Centre, Kerala, India
Authors: Murali Ashajoan , . Rajith , Sobha A , Kumar Rsajith , Bhaskar Anitha , Vikutty Geetha Devi Madha , Lucas Anupa
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Understanding the virus transmission patterns and routes of transmission among Healthcare Workers (HCWs) is limiting the amplification events in health care facilities. Aim: To estimate the secondary infection rate and to describe the clinical presentation of infection and the risk factors for infection among healthcare worker contacts of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2020 to July 2021, at a tertiary care centre, in central Kerala, India, among all the healthcare workers with exposure to a COVID-19 confirmed cases within the institution, between 15 July 2020 to 15 August 2020. Data including demographic details, information on contact and possible exposure with the COVID-19 infected patient was obtained using a questionnaire adapted from the World Health Organisation (WHO) questionnaire. Data was entered into Microsoft Excel and analysed using International Business Machines (IBM) Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Results: A total of 433 healthcare workers (382 females and 51 males, mean age: 34.33±10.79 years) were found to be exposed to COVID-19 confirmed cases in the institution. The 21.1% of the healthcare worker contacts were exposed while working in non-COVID Intensive Care Unit (ICU) setting. Out of the 433 HCWs who were exposed to COVID-19 patients, 9 tested positive for COVID-19 (secondary infection rate was 2.07% with a Confidence Interval (CI) of 0.7-3.4%). All 9 of the positive HCWs were females, of which 88.89% were symptomatic. Conclusion: Healthcare workers are at risk of transmission of COVID-19 while providing care, hence further explorative studies, including serologic studies are recommended to further understand the epidemiology.
Yellow Nail Syndrome: An Unusual Cause of Pleural Effusion
Authors: Goswami Preetam , Das Anirban , Sen Pronoy , Barik Rana
Published: June 2022

Yellow Nail Syndrome (YNS) is a rare clinical syndrome charecterised by the classical triad of thickened and dystrophic yellow nails, pleural effusion and primary lymphoedema. It usually occurs in older adults of over 50 years but there is no sex predilection. This was a case report of a 21-year-old male, who presented with dyspnea on exertion, dry cough and abdominal distension for past 15 days and bilateral lower limb swelling for past two years. On general examination, patient had pallor with bilateral non pitting oedema of lower limbs and had yellow thick and dystrophic nails. There was clinical evidence of pleural effusion and ascites. Pleural fluid analysis showed lymphocytic and exudative picture with low Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) levels and was negative for malignancy. Duodenum Second part (D2) biopsy showed Primary Intestinal Lymphangiectasia (PIL). Hence, a final diagnosis of yellow nail syndrome was confirmed. Symptomatic management was done following which patient had relief of symptoms and in subsequent follow-ups patient was doing better. A detailed clinical history with investigations helps in attaining the diagnosis. Although there is no definitive treatment but diagnosis helps in avoiding unnecessary treatment and symptom based management helps in improving the quality of life of the patient.
Analgesic Efficacy of Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to 2% Lignocaine Adrenaline and 0.5% Bupivacaine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block after Caesarean Delivery
Authors: Yarramsetti V Rao , Thumpati Sai Sravanthi , Nadimpalli Hari Kiran Varma , Kutikuppala LV Simhachalam
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The ultrasound-guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block is an analgesic technique which involves injection of a local anesthetic between the internal oblique abdominal and the transversus abdominis muscle planes. It provides analgesia to the cranial branches of T10-L1 nerve roots. It has been a practice to provide analgesia in patients following various surgical procedures including the gynecological procedures like hysterectomy and caesarean section. Aim: To assess the analgesic efficacy of dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to 2% lignocaine adrenaline and 0.5% bupivacaine in TAP block following caesarean delivery. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation (KIMS&RF), Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India for a period of one year from January 2021 to December 2021. One hundred patients with an American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical scores of I-II, who underwent caesarean section under the Pfannenstiel incision method under subarachnoid anaesthesia with 0.5% heavy bupivacaine, were enrolled in the study. Group I consisted of patients that received an ultrasound-guided bilateral TAP block immediately following surgery with 10 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine, 10 mL of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline, and 20 mcg dexmedetomidine. Group II included patients who received ultrasound-guided bilateral TAP block immediately following surgery with 10 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine, 10 mL of 2% lignocaine adrenaline, and 8 mg dexamethasone. The Electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings and blood pressure were recorded during the block in each patient. This approach enabled a more precise analgesic approach for each individual patient. The patients were assessed for pain up to 12 hours of surgery based on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where 0 represented no pain and 10 represented ‘the worst pain ever possible. Results: The patients who received ultrasound-guided TAP block with dexmedetomidine were significantly less on-demand of tramadol (p-value=0.005) and had significantly lower VAS scores at 3 hours (p-value=0,000014), 6 hours (p=0.015) and 12 hours (p-value=0.006), postoperatively. Conclusion: This study proved that dexmedetomidine was more effective when compared to dexamethasone, when added as an adjuvant to 2% lignocaine adrenaline and 0.5% bupivacaine. Ultrasound guided TAP block was a safe and effective postoperative analgesia in cesarean section.
Impact of Cluster Front Line Demonstration in Black Gram at Pudukkottai District of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Mathiyazhagan S. , Jayasudha J. , Geetha K. , Saminathan V. R.
Published: June 2022

Aims: India is the largest importer, producer, and consumer of pulses in the world. In order to protect indigenous pulse production, India must not only produce enough pulses, but also remain competitive. It was recommended that extension agencies involved in the transfer and application of agricultural technologies to farmers' fields prioritise organising frontline demonstrations on a cluster basis to maximize pulse crop productivity.

Study Design:  Expost-facto study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was  conducted among farmers from Pudukkottai district which covered under KVK, Vamban. The demonstration period was 2016 – 2019.

Methodology: By simple random sampling technique, 30 farmers were selected and VBN 6 variety was demonstrated in the area of 6 ha.

Results: The maximum yield was 9.74 qtl/ha and average yield was 9.48 qtl/ha.  The yield gap minimized was 0.2%. The B.C ratio was 4.06 which indicated the profit level.

Conclusion: The study concluded that VBN 6 in recommended practice proved beneficial in respect of yield and economics of blackgram.
Analysis of the Role of Fisheries Sector in Regional Development of Garut Regency of West Java
Authors: Rahadiansyah Ardy , Rizal Achmad , Nurruhwati Isni , Suryana Asep Agus Handaka
Published: June 2022

This study aims to analyze the contribution of the fisheries sector to the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP), to analyze the extent to which market demand is related to the fishery sector's products, and to analyze the strength of the base and non-base sectors of the fisheries sector in the region. Development in Garut Regency. The method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive method using secondary time series data, which is then analyzed using descriptive statistics, and a qualitative method using primary data obtained through direct interviews with parties involved in the fisheries sector. This research consists of two types of data: primary and secondary data. The data were analyzed by Shift share analysis, location quotient (LQ) analysis, Localization index (LI) analysis, and specialization index (SI). Calculation of the economic growth rate in the region using LQ, LI, and SI (the LQ average is 1,91 (>1) which means that the Garut Regency fishery sector is an economic base sector that can meet the needs of fishery products in its area and has the potential to carry out export activities the LI average is 0,00 meaning that the fishery sector is dispersed in West Java Province and has not become the focus of excellence in Garut Regency. and the SI average is 0,00 indicates that the fisheries sector is essential but not specialized in the economic sector in Garut Regency. The result of the shift-share analysis suggests that the fisheries sector is a progressive sector but uncompetitive.
Hunteria Umbellata Folk Medicine’s Potency for Treating Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Diseases
Authors: Ahajumobi E. N. , Anderson Peter B.
Published: June 2022

Background: For ages, people from Eastern and Western Nigerian have used Hunteria umbellata (HU) as an effective folk medicine for treating various diseases, and in recent times there is growing evidence from clinical studies performed on humans and animals showing its efficacy in providing treatments for several diseases owing to its macro and micronutrients composition as well as phytochemical, anti-nutritive constituents, and nutraceutical components.

Study Design:  A Systematic review.

Aim: to investigate peer-reviewed evidence that used epidemiological standards of study to investigate claims and justification of the efficaciousness of using HU in treating diseases, essentially metabolic syndrome diseases that are claiming millions of lives, causing pain, disabilities, and economic burden.

Methodology: A systematic review-community approach to preventive services was used to study peer reviewed literatures, which  supported or debunked the claims of use of HU as a potent agent for treating diseases. Only epidemiological peer reviewed studies were selected, assessed, reviewed, and analyzed in synthesis with some traditional claims as effective medicine for diseases. Sample size n =22 studies. Google scholar, google, Firefox search engines were used to search for scientific evidence. Search words were, Hunteria Umbellata, proximate composition of hunteria umbellata, phytochemical composition of Hunteria umbellata. The summary of the findings reviewed consists of the title, objectives, findings, and conclusions

Results: Studies conducted locally and internationally strongly support that HU is rich in macro and micronutrients, phytochemical, and nutraceutical components that suggest it to be an effective medicine for treating various diseases.

Conclusion: HU is a potent agent for treating obesity and metabolic syndrome diseases.
Word Order in Turiturian of Batak Toba Language
Authors: Sitorus Nurhayati , Mulyadi .
Published: June 2022

Aims: This research is aimed to investigate the word order in Turiturian of Batak Toba language

Study Design: Qualitative research was applied in this research.

Place and Duration of Study: It is library research. So, it was completed in Universitas HKBP Nommensen and the research was conducted from February to June 2022.

Methodology: In this research data was taken from the folklore entitled ‘Sigalegale’. The data in this research was clause or sentences found in the folklore. The data was analyzed by using Miles and Huberman analyses. Tree stages that used in analyzing the research, namely data reduction, data display, and data conclusion drawing/verification.

Results: The result of the research shows that the basic word order found in Turiturian of Batak Toba language consists of two types, namely VSO and SVO. The other pattern also found, namely SV and SVC.

Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the structure of the clause patterns of Turiturian in Batak Toba language includes SV, SVC, SVO and VSO. The structure of SV and SVC patterns occurs in transitive clauses, namely sentences that do not require objects in the sentence but already had meaning. At the same time, the structure of SVO pattern occurs in the active sentence. In this case, a morphological process occurs which is marked by the prefix -'mam' in the 'verb'. Furthermore, the structure of VSO pattern occurs in passive sentence which is indicated by the addition of the prefix -'di' on the ‘verb'. In addition, the VSO structure is also marked with a nominal modifier. From these findings, it can be said that the basic word order of Batak Toba language is SVO and VOS. The structure SV and SVC patterns exists if there is no object in the clause/sentence. This research is only limited to the word order in the clause/sentence. Therefore, it is necessary to do further research on the word order in phrases.
On the Diophatine Equation \( a b(c d+1)+L=u^{2}+v^{2}\)
Authors: Mude Lao Hussein
Published: June 2022

The search for integer sums of two squares is still an open problem. A number of research conducted so far has put more attention on Fermat sums of two squares with little attention given to other methods of generating sums of two squares. Let a; b; c; d; u; v and L be positive integers. This study introduces the relation \( a b(c d+1)+L=u^{2}+v^{2}\)for generating integer sums of two squares. The main objective of this study is to develop general formulae by determining the integer values a; b; c; d; u; v and L such that\( a b(c d+1)+L=u^{2}+v^{2}\) . Moreover, this research provides conjecture for the title equation.
Technical Parameters of the Cana-Atchia Lateritic Aggregate for Its Use in Road Engineering in Southern Benin
Authors: Houanou Kocouvi Agapi , Dossou Kpomagbé Serge , P’kla Abalo , Prodjinonto Vincent , Adjagboni Constant Euloge , Olodo Emmanuel
Published: June 2022

Aims: To determine the technical parameters sought in road engineering of the lateritic aggregate of Atchia village in the Arrondissement of Cana, Commune of Zogbodomey.

Study Design: To valorize the lateritic aggregate of Cana-Atchia in the construction of roads in Benin.

Place and Duration of Study: Colas Benin Entreprise Laboratory and Laboratory of Energetic and Applied Mechanic, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, between January 2021 and March 2022.

Methodology: Thus, with the help of classical road material characterization tests, the values of technical road engineering parameters are determined on prepared specimens.

Results: The different results obtained are the percentage of passings at the 80 µm sieve (13%), the liquidity limit (32.67%), the plasticity index (13.67%), the dry density obtained at the Proctor optimum (2.28t/m3), the CBR index (106%) and the swelling index (0.04%). In the Proctor test, the water content at the OPM is evaluated at 8.20%. Similarly, studies have shown that the lateritic gravel of Cana-Atchia has a natural water content of 3.5% and an organic matter content of 0.75%.

Conclusion: From this study, it appears that the lateritic aggregate of Cana-Atchia has very good technical parameters sought in road engineering, with regard to the technical specifications of the CEBTP guides of 1984 and 2019.
Effect of Paddy Straw Incorporation and Nitrogen Levels on Yield and Nutrient Uptake by Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Mounika V. , Chandrashaker K. , Chaitanya A. Krishna , Reddy G. Satyanarayana
Published: June 2022

Burning of crop residues results in immense loss to soil fertility, in addition to this burning causes greenhouse gas emissions into atmosphere thereby disturbs the environment.  A Field experiment was conducted to ascertain the crop residue and fertilizer management practices on yield and nutrient uptake of mustard at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Polasa, Jagtial situated in Northern Telangana Zone of Telangana State during rabi, 2020-21. Grain yield, nutrient content and nutrient uptake were significantly influenced by crop residue and fertilizer management practices. Highest grain and stover yield of 1194 and 2654 kg ha-1 were recorded, when 20 % excess nitrogen was applied than RDN along with residue incorporation. Nutrient uptake was significantly higher in burning treatment during initial stages of crop growth later more uptakes were observed in residue incorporation treatments. Among the treatments lowest yields and nutrient contents (N and P) were recorded in residue burning treatments. This study concluded that, instead of burning, paddy straw was to be incorporated along with 20% excess nitrogen to obtain better yields and nutrients uptake in succeding mustard crop.
New Protein Settings to Support in vivo Antimalarial Activity in Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice after Garlic-Arteether Therapy
Authors: Govindan Vathsala Palakkod , Murthy P. Krishna
Published: June 2022

Many malaria endemic nations are pursuing malaria elimination and these technical challenges require the development of integrated approaches, among which safe and effective malaria vaccines could be a crucial tool.  Due to non-availability of malaria vaccine, the control efforts rely heavily on treatment with new antimalarial agents preferably acting on newer targets.  In this study, the protected serum proteomics after garlic and arteether combination treatment of P.berghei infected mice has been analyzed by western blotting. One of the identified host parasites specific proteins, peptidyl-prolyl-cis-trans isomerase A (PPIA) is known to catalyze the interconversion of the cis and trans and mediate certain protein folding events both in in vitro and in vivo conditions. This study hypothesizes that, overexpressed PPIA might lead to misfold of the parasite protein which are needed for parasite multiplication and in turn lead to the parasite death or in the protection of combination drug treated samples.
Efficacy of Selected Bioagents against Alternaria Leaf Spot of French Bean (Phaseolous vulgaris L.)
Authors: Govardhani Pottupalli , Tiwari Shashi , Supriya Veeragandham , Sindu Patthi Lakshmi
Published: June 2022

French bean (Phaseolous vulgaris L.) is a significant food, legume crop utilized as a pulse and green vegetable crop, belongs to family fabaceae. The French bean is a cool-season, day- neutral vegetable that can withstand extreme temperatures. Area, production and productivity on French bean in India (2019-20) were 22.1 Mha, 2226 million Tonnes and 7-10 t/ha. They are high in protein and have a similar texture to meat. Green pods have 1.7 g protein, 0.1 g fat, 4.5 g carbohydrate, 1.8 g fibre, and are high in minerals and vitamins in a 100 g serving. Several diseases affects French bean crop majorly and cause yield loss Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria alternata), Angular leaf spot (ALS) (Phaeoisariopsis griseola), Bean rust (Uromyces appendiculatus), Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum), Aschochyta leaf spot (Ascochyta phaseolorum) and Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora canescens). Among them, Alternaria leaf spot of French bean is one of the most severe disease, which is caused by A. alternata in the French bean. An experiment was conducted in the Zaid season to check the efficacy of bioagents against A. alternata on field conditions. Bioagents viz.,Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis as seed treatment. An untreated replication served as control. Among the treatments, the maximum germination percentage maximum plant height (cm) at 90 DAS , maximum no. of primary branches and secondary branches at 60 DAS was recorded in T4 – T. viride @2.5%+ P. fluorescens @ 2.5% followed by T1 – T. viride @ 5% as compared to untreated check control T0 . The minimum disease intensity (%) at 75 DAS was recorded in T4 – T. viride @ 2.5% + P. fluorescens @ 2.5 %, followed by T1 – T. viride @ 5% as compared to untreated check control T0.
Some Formulae for Integer Sums of Two Squares
Authors: Mude Lao Hussein
Published: June 2022

The study of integer sums of two squares is still an open area of research. Much of the recent work done has put more attention on Fermat Sums of two square theorem with little attention given to new formulas of sums of two Squares. This work is set to partially overcome this knowledge gap by introducing new formulas for generating integer sums of two squares.
Congenital Complete Heart Block in Adults
Authors: Taweel Muneera Al , Mukhaylid Sarah Al , Alsultan Nada
Published: June 2022

Complete heart block occurs when atrial and ventricular contractions are not communicating, each beating, at their own pace. Therefore, it should be thoroughly investigated to ascertain its type. Congenital complete heart block (CCHB) might be unnoticed for a long time. CHB patients are prone to decreased perfusion related to symptoms of bradycardia and low cardiac output, which can lead to serious arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia, syncope, and sudden death. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for CCHB in adults, implications, and outcomes. Accordingly further management of CHB is achieved by the implantation of a cardiac pacemaker, but it might be a challenging decision, particularly in asymptomatic patients.
Management of Complex Wide Neck Intracranial Aneurysm
Authors: Elganam Amin Yasin , Mounayer Charbel , Ganna Ahmad Atef , Shadad Mohamed , Amer Mohamed Amer , Eldin Ali Seif
Published: June 2022

Background: About 5 % of the population has intracranial aneurysms, however the majority are asymptomatic and never discovered. Subarachnoid haemorrhage, the most frequent manifestation of aneurysm rupture, is a devastating medical disorder that frequently results in severe neurological impairment or death. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of our procedures including microsurgical and endovascular techniques used for the management of complex wide neck intracranial aneurysms.

Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 50 patients with complex wide neck intra cranial aneurysms. All patients were subjected to neuroimaging (CT Brain, MRI brain, MRV, CT brain angiography and diagnostic angiography) and laboratory investigations (CBC, liver and kidney functions and complete coagulation profile).

Results: Remodelling technique was the most common technique used for ruptured aneurysms (14 %) followed by clipping (6%). Regarding 3months follow up, the group who had ruptured aneurysm had lower incidence of occlusion and higher incidence of recanalization. The relationship between technique used and outcome (mRS grade) was significant being better with Coilin + balloon technique followed by flow diversion then Coiling+ stent.

Conclusions: Endovascular techniques are better to deal with the complex anatomy of intracranial aneurysms. In case of ruptured aneurysm, the earlier the treatment, the better the outcome by preventing the hazards of rebleeding and safe management of vasospasm. CT Brain Angiography with 3D reconstruction proved to be a fast and reliable method for diagnosis and preoperative planning for cerebral aneurysms.
The Expression of E-cadherin & HER2 in Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: El-Mihy Dina Said , Hasby Eiman Adel , Noseir Azima Gamal El-Deen , Amer Basma Saed
Published: June 2022

Background and Aim: Cell adhesion molecules (often referred to as cadherins) are glycoproteins found in the cell membrane. They regulate biological processes such as cell migration, differentiation, proliferation, and death (apoptosis). Her-2 is a proto-oncogene that belongs to the EGFR protein family. In cellular processes such as cell growth, regulates cellular activities such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival. This study aimed to determine the expression of E-cadherin and HER2 in the available histologic subtypes and evaluate if there is a correlation between E-cadherin and HER2 immunohistochemical expression in gastric carcinoma.

Subjects & Methods: A total of 50 cases of stomach cancer were included in this study, all of which were obtained retrospectively between January 2017 and January 2020 from the Pathology Department, Tanta University, Egypt and Tanta Cancer Center archives. The samples were obtained from gastroplastectomy specimens then stained using the immunostaining approach described as follows: Deparaffinization and rehydration followed by using 3-hydroxy-4-napthylbenzaldehyde (3-OH-4-NHB) as a starting material then a smorgasbord of antigens then exposing to primary antibodies then exposing to a secondary biotinylated antibody, after that identifying of enzymes using streptavidin-labeled enzymes then preparing a color working reagent and last complexity in the development of color.

Results: E-cadherin was statistically significantly high in tumors exhibiting aggressive clinicopathologic characteristics specifically in males, all histopathologic variants (except for poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma and signet ring carcinoma), N stages, M stages, higher in absent vascular invasion cases but lower in present cases and the same with perineural invasion cases. Tumor site had no significant impact on the levels of E-cadherin. HER2 showed statistically insignificant correlations with all factors. E-cadherin and HER2 expression showed statistically insignificant relationship.

Conclusion: Elevated E-cadherin expression is associated with tumors that exhibit aggressive clinicopathologic characteristics. HER2 was expressed positively in low-grade variants, but no correlation was established with clinical characteristics. E-cadherin and HER2 expression have no discernible relationship.
Influence of Guidance and Counselling on Choice of Careers in Home Science Education Programme in Kenyan Universities
Authors: Chelagat Abigael , Wanami Simon , Sempele Catherine
Published: June 2022

Aims: This study sought to establish the extent of influence of guidance and counselling on choice of Home Science education programme in universities.

Study design:  This study adopted the Convergent Parallel mixed method design employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches at the same time.

Place and Duration of Study: University of Eldoret and Kenyatta University, Kenya, between October 2020 and October 2021.

Methodology: Purposive sampling was used to select the two Universities where Two (2) Heads of Department were purposively selected and 254 students were conveniently selected and took part in this study.

Results: This study established that guidance and counselling played a key role in choice of Home Science education programme. Majority of the respondents were aware of the many career opportunities in the field and the availability of career information resources. Home science teachers were the key persons offering guidance and counselling.   A small number of respondents revealed that they did not benefit because the schools they had attended did not offer guidance and counselling services.

Conclusion: Guidance and counselling offered to students played a key role and this made them choose Home Science Education programme at the University.
Violence among Nigerian Students: A Doom to Nigerian Educational System
Authors: Adeyemi Babatunde Adeniyi , Ogunleye Shamshudeen Ayotunde
Published: June 2022

The study examined different types of violence prevalent among Nigerian students. It also examined the major causes, the damages caused, and effects of violence in the Nigerian tertiary educational system. It finally examined the effect of violence as perceived by undergraduates based on gender, academic level and age. These were with the view to providing information on how violence could be curbed among students in higher institutions of learning. The study employed survey research design. The population consisted of students of the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State. Proportionate Stratified sampling technique was employed in selected samples size of 200 respondents from the 13 faculties in Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. An instrument was used for the collection of data. Data collected were analyzed using frequency counts, simple percentages and ANCOVA. The results among others showed that overt physical assault of one on others representing 87.5% is the most prevalent type of violence. Result also showed that there is no significant difference in the effect of violence as perceived by students on the basis of gender, academic level and age at (F=0.056, p>0.05). The study concluded that violence should be discouraged as much as possible among undergraduates.
Excellent Long‐Range Charge‐Carrier Mobility in 2D Perovskites
Authors: Kober‐Czerny Manuel , Motti Silvia Genaro , Holzhey Philippe , Wenger Bernard , Lim Jongchul , Herz Laura Maria , Snaith Henry James
Published: June 2022

The use of layered, 2D perovskites can improve the stability of metal halide perovskite thin films and devices. However, the charge carrier transport properties in layered perovskites are still not fully understood. Here, the sum of the electron and hole mobilities (Σμ) in thin films of the 2D perovskite PEA2PbI4, through transient electronically contacted nanosecond‐to‐millisecond photoconductivity measurements, which are sensitive to long‐time, long‐range (micrometer length scale) transport processes is investigated. After careful analysis, accounting for both early‐time recombination and the evolution of the exciton‐to‐free‐carrier population, a long‐range mobility of 8.0 +/− 0.6 cm2 (V s)–1, which is ten times greater than the long‐range mobility of a comparable 3D material FA0.9Cs0.1PbI3 is determined. These values are compared to ultra‐fast transient time‐resolved THz photoconductivity measurements, which are sensitive to early‐time, shorter‐range (tens of nm length scale) mobilities. Mobilities of 8 and 45 cm2 (V s)–1 in the case of the PEA2PbI4 and FA0.9Cs0.1PbI3, respectively, are obtained. This previously unreported concurrence between the long‐range and short‐range mobility in a 2D material indicates that the polycrystalline thin films already have single‐crystal‐like qualities. Hence, their fundamental charge carrier transport properties should aid device performance.
An Integrated Computational–Experimental Hierarchical Approach for the Rational Design of an IL/UiO‐66 Composite Offering Infinite CO2 Selectivity
Authors: Zeeshan Muhammad , Gulbalkan Hasan Can , Durak Ozce , Haslak Zeynep Pinar , Unal Ugur , Keskin Seda , Uzun Alper
Published: June 2022

Owing to the possibility of generating theoretically unlimited numbers of ionic liquid (IL)–metal‐organic framework (MOF) combinations, experimental studies on IL/MOF composites for gas separation applications are mostly conducted on a trial‐and‐error basis. To address this problem, an integrated computational–experimental hierarchical approach is presented for selecting the best IL‐MOF combination for a target gas separation application. For this purpose, UiO‐66 and pyrrolidinium‐based ILs are chosen as the parent MOF and IL family, respectively, and three powerful computational tools, Conductor‐like Screening Model for Realistic Solvents calculations, density functional theory calculations, and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations, are integrated to identify the most promising IL‐UiO‐66 combination as 1‐n‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium dicyanamide/UiO‐66, [BMPyrr][DCA]/UiO‐66. Then, this composite is synthesized, characterized in deep detail, and tested for CO2/N2, CO2/CH4, and CH4/N2 separations. Results demonstrate that [BMPyrr][DCA]/UiO‐66 offers an extraordinary gas separation performance, with practically infinite CO2 and CH4 selectivities over N2 at 15 °C and at low pressures. The integrated hierarchical approach proposed in this work paves the way for the rational design and development of novel IL/MOF composites offering exceptional performance for any desired gas separation application.
An All‐Nanofiber‐Based Substrate‐Less, Extremely Conformal, and Breathable Organic Field Effect Transistor for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Gwon Gihyeok , Choi Hyeokjoo , Bae Jihoon , Zulkifli Nora Asyikin Binti , Jeong Wooseong , Yoo Seungsun , Hyun Dong Choon , Lee Sungwon
Published: June 2022

Nanofiber‐based electronic devices have attracted considerable interest owing to their conformal integration on complicated surfaces, flexibility, and sweat permeability. However, building complicated electronics on nanomesh structure has not been successful because of their inferior mechanical properties and processability. This limits their practical application. To achieve system‐level device applications, organic field‐effect transistors are one of the key components to be integrated with various sensors. Herein, a successful method for fabricating a biocompatible, ultrathin (≈1.5 µm), lightweight (1.85 g m–2), and mechanically durable all‐nanofiber‐based organic transistor is reported that can be in conformal contact with curved skin. Furthermore, it is the first development with a substrate‐less nanomesh organic field effect transistor. The devices exhibit satisfactory electrical performance, including an on/off value of 3.02 × 104 ± 0.9 × 104, saturation mobility of 0.05 ± 0.02 cm2 V− 1 s− 1, subthreshold slope of 1.7 ± 0.2 V dec–1, and threshold voltage of −6 ± 0.5 V. The mechanism of crack initiation is analyzed, via simulation, to understand the deformation of the nanomesh transistors. Furthermore, active matrix integrated tactile sensors entirely on the nanomeshes is successfully demonstrated, indicating their potential applicability in the field of biomedical electronics.
On‐Demand Chemomagnetic Modulation of Striatal Neurons Facilitated by Hybrid Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Guntnur Rohini Thevi , Muzzio Nicolas , Gomez Amanda , Macias Sean , Galindo Arturo , Ponce Arturo , Romero Gabriela
Published: June 2022

Minimally invasive manipulation of cell signaling is critical in basic neuroscience research and in developing therapies for neurological disorders. Here, a wireless chemomagnetic neuromodulation platform for the on‐demand control of primary striatal neurons that relies on nanoscale heating events is described. Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are functionally coated with thermoresponsive poly (oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) brushes loaded with dopamine. Dopamine loaded MNPs‐POEGMA are co‐cultured with primary striatal neurons. When alternating magnetic fields (AMF) are applied, MNPs undergo hysteresis power loss and dissipate heat. The local heat produced by MNPs initiates a thermodynamic phase transition on POEGMA brushes resulting in polymer collapse and dopamine release. AMF‐triggered dopamine release enhances the response of dopamine ion channels expressed on the cell membranes enhancing the activity ≈50% of striatal neurons subjected to the treatment. Chemomagnetic actuation on dopamine receptors is confirmed by blocking D1 and D2 receptors. The reversible thermodynamic phase transition of POEGMA brushes allow the on‐demand release of dopamine in multiple microdoses. AMF‐triggered dopamine release from MNPs‐POEGMA causes neither cell cytotoxicity nor promotes cell reactive oxygen species production. This research represents a fundamental step forward for the chemomagnetic control of neural activity using hybrid magnetic nanomaterials with tailored physical properties.