bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High cerium anomalies in zircon from intrusions associated with porphyry copper mineralization in the Gibraltar deposit, south-central British Columbia
Authors: Kobylinski C H , Hattori K , Smith S W , Plouffe A
Published: September 2018

The Gibraltar porphyry-Cu deposit in the Quesnel Terrane in south-central British Columbia is hosted by the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic Granite Mountain Batholith (GMB). The GMB has been classified into four phases of tonalitic rocks with minor quartz
diorite. The rocks of the Mine Phase, host of the Cu mineralization, are foliated tonalite and are extensively altered to form K-feldspar, white mica, epidote and pyrite. All zircon grains examined from the GMB are magmatic with Th/U ranging from 0.15 to 1.44 and low Nd/Yb ratios below 0.01. U-Pb
dating of zircons reveals three Cu-mineralized intrusions within the Mine Phase ranging from 201 to 218 Ma. The age gaps between the mineralized intrusions are larger than the uncertainty of the age data. Zircons from the oldest Cu- mineralized intrusion (218.9±3.1 Ma) in the Mine Phase record
the highest Ce4+/Ce3+ (680± 180 (1 sigma), n=14). Zircons from the two other groups of Cu-mineralized intrusions in the Mine Phase show lower Ce4+/Ce3+ (214± 64 (1 sigma), n=43) and those from the unmineralized Border and Granite Mountain phases of the GMB show even lower Ce4+/Ce3+
(128± 35 (1 sigma), n=108). Zircons from the Cretaceous Sheridan Creek Stock, south of the GMB, show low Ce4+/Ce3+ (203± 60 (1 sigma), n=28). The data suggest multiple pulses of intrusions and mineralization in the Mine Phase, which is supported by Re-Os ages of molybdenite which are
similar to the second and third pulses of intrusions. Ages and Ce4+/Ce3+ values for zircons from Cu-mineralized rocks in the Mine Phase are similar to the values for intrusions associated with the Highland Valley porphyry Cu deposit in the Guichon Creek Batholith. The ratios Ce/Nd and Ce/Ce*
from the measured concentrations of Ce, Nd, and Sm correlate well with Ce4+/Ce3+, based on the compositions of zircon and bulk rocks. This suggests that the compositions of detrital zircons in glacial sediments and streams may be used in mineral exploration to detect intrusions with affinity to host
porphyry Cu mineralization.
Factors causing severe deafness in childhood
Authors: Hatchuel W.
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
Speech therapy in coloured schools
Authors: Cornelius Dorothy
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
An investigation into some of the adjustment problems of the adolescent stutterer
Authors: Lubinsky Frume T.
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
Apraxia dysarthria
Authors: Reef H.
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
'n Evaluasie van gedragsterapie by die behandeling van funksioneel disfonie by kinders
Authors: Nel W. G.
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
Phonemic testing
Authors: Epstein A. G.
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
Aphasia in children: Suggestions for management and training
Authors: Myklebust Helmer R.
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
Case report of a brain-injured child; illustrating a teamwork approach to rehabilitation
Authors: Lubinsky F. T. , Sprott J.
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
Spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma with stroke manifestations
Authors: Emamhadi Mohammadreza , Ghadarjani Shervin , Alijani Babak , Yousefzadeh-Chabok Shahrokh , Behzadnia Hamid , Naseri Amin , Andalib Sasan
Published: September 2018

Spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma (SCEH), which is a rare disease, is manifested as by a sudden quadriplegia or paraplegia and other neurological deficits. SCEH can compress the spinal cord resulting in its clinical manifestations. The reported etiological risk factors are anticoagulants, coagulopathies, vascular malformations, infections, and herniated discs. Here, we report a 77-year-old woman with a presenting chief complaint of left hemiparesis and a history of hypertension. The medical drugs in use were aspirin and antihypertensives. The initiating presentations were hemiparesis, in favor of ischemic stroke, so the patient admitted to neurology ward and received anticoagulant therapy with the initial diagnosis of stroke. Although clinical manifestations and examinations are important in these patients due to mimicking stroke picture, imaging evaluation is paramount for a definite diagnosis, which in our case showed a SCEH, who was suspected to have an ischemic stroke during the initial assessment because its initial demonstration mimicked ischemic stroke. This patient underwent laminectomy after 3 days and showed a clinical recovery the day after. Her muscle strength improved gradually, and neurological symptoms were diminished after physiotherapy.
De persoon met dementie
Authors: Meijsing Monica , Slatman Jenny
Published: September 2018

The person with dementia: A plea for a (non-metaphysical) relational notion of personhood

In this article we explore the notions of personal identity and personhood, using concrete descriptions of the experiences of people living with dementia as a case study. From an analytical point of view we argue against memory or psychological-continuity criteria of personal identity as too cognitive. Instead we focus on embodiment. The person with dementia, as an embodied human being, is numerically the very same person (s)he was before. Moreover, we argue against a metaphysical notion of personhood. Personhood is constituted by the reactive attitudes of other persons: someone becomes a person and remains a person by being received, and almost literally incorporated, in a community of persons. From a phenomenological point of view we show that embodied intersubjectivity is crucial for the recognition of one person by another. We use Merleau-Ponty’s notion of intercorporality to show that there are ways of keeping people with dementia within this community of persons, of keeping in touch with them, even when many of their cognitive capacities are gone, for instance by singing or dancing together. As long as there is still a shared world, it is up to us to keep recognising someone with dementia as a person, and not as ‘an empty shell’.
Neuromodulatie en narratieve identiteit
Authors: Focquaert Farah
Published: September 2018

Neuromodulation and narrative identity: the importance of relational autonomy

In this paper, I discuss the impact of psychological and relational changes after neuromodulation for movement- and psychiatric disorders and the need to adequately address the possibility of such changes in clinical contexts. Based on ), ) and ), I outline a relational narrative identity perspective that can inform and support medical-ethical decisions. The narrative identity theory by Marya Schechtman in combination with a focus on the relational aspects that impact and constitute our identity, highlights the need to identify post-interventional identity changes both from the perspective of the patient, his or her family and loved ones and the medical team. I argue that a thorough informed consent process pre- and post-intervention and adequate psychological counseling allows for such identification and a step by step monitoring and guiding of the patient in this process. From a relational narrative perspective, neuromodulation does not by default pose a threat to our identity. However, this perspective highlights the need to take the relational autonomy of patients seriously and provide a substantial informed consent procedure and adequate psychological counseling.
IDENTIFYING PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT BEHAVIOUR USING OBJECT DETECTION METHODS AND LAND-USE AGGLOMERATION ANALYSIS
Authors: Siewwuttanagul S. , Hayashida Y. , Inohae T.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Urban structure plays a key role in providing available paths for pedestrian flow through urban areas. Land-use planning influences the accessibility behaviours of pedestrian movement controlled by urban structures, activities, and street networks with the unique attributes of each urban area. To improve urban spatial planning in terms of adopting effective land-use options and enhance a better public transportation accessibility, we consider combining the following two techniques; detection of pedestrians using computer vision, and trajectories of crowd movement using land-use agglomeration pattern analysis. Applying the proposed method to a high-density area composed of multi-directional crossings at a T-way junction in front of Hakata station, Fukuoka, Japan, it is shown that the derived correlation coefficient between the closeness value and the volume of commercial building space indicates a strong relationship between these two variables, resulting in the conclusion that the proposed method is useful for application in the design of urban spatial plans.
HOT OR NOT – IDENTIFYING EMOTIONAL “HOT SPOTS” IN THE CITY
Authors: Kohn L. , Dastageeri H. , Bäumer T. , Moulin S. , Müller P. , Coors V.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Cities become increasingly populated, which calls for new approaches to ensure that cities continue being viable places for citizens to live in. The focus of these approaches should be on understanding citizens regarding their feelings, needs and behaviours. This includes an understanding of the perception of and the emotional reactions to urban structures from citizens’ points of view. Following the approach of urban emotions (Zeile et al., 2005), different objective physiological and subjective self-report measures were used in an experimental study in order to capture these emotional responses and to visualize the data in an emotional map. A small sample (N = 13) of students was asked to collect positive as well as negative hot spots in a park area in the city centre of Stuttgart, i.e. spots that elicit positive or negative reactions. The results show the general potential of the park to function as a recreational area, but also identify room for improvement (e.g. concrete structures in the park). While physiological measures are useful to capture subtle emotional responses in larger areas, subjective measures seem to be more useful for understanding the reasons of the emotional responses by identifying positive as well as negative hot spots. A visualization tool introduced in this paper allows urban planners and other stakeholders (e.g. citizens, tourists) to view the results and analyse the data in an accessible way.
ADAPTIVE TRAFFIC LIGHT CYCLE TIME CONTROLLER USING MICROCONTROLLERS AND CROWDSOURCE DATA OF GOOGLE APIs FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: Mishra S. , Bhattacharya D. , Gupta A. , Singh V. R.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Controlling of traffic signals optimally helps in avoiding traffic jams as vehicle volume density changes on temporally short and spatially small scales. Nowadays, due to embedded system development with the rising standards of computational technology, condense electronics boards as well as software packages, system can be developed for controlling cycle time in real time. At present, the traffic control systems in India lack intelligence and act as an open-loop control system, with no feedback or sensing network, due to the high costs involved. This paper aims to improve the traffic control system by integrating different technologies to provide intelligent feedback to the existing network with congestion status adapting to the changing traffic density patterns. The system presented in this paper aims to sense real-time traffic congestion around the traffic light using Google API crowdsource data and hence avoids infrastructure cost of sensors. Subsequently, it manipulates the signal timing by triggering and conveying information to the timer control system. Generic information processing and communication hardware system designed in this paper has been tested and found to be functional for a pilot run in real time. Both simulation and hardware trials show the transmission of required information with an average time delay of 1.2 seconds that is comparatively very small considering cycle time.
THE CO.TR.I.S SYSTEM: TOWARDS A SMARTER COASTAL TRANSPORT NETWORK FOR SMART ISLANDS
Authors: Moussas V. , Pantazis D. N. , Stratakis P.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The Coastal Transport Information System (Co.Tr.I.S) is a multifunction information system that is developed for the effective design of coastal transportation lines. The system incorporates several subsystems which include the models, tools, and techniques that support the design of improved coastal networks. Co.Tr.I.S main aim is to support any decision making process of the involved players (Ministry, Maritime companies, Local Authorities, Travel Agencies, Passengers, etc) regarding the improvement & the optimal use of a coastal transport network. Co.Tr.I.S data retrieval, analysis, visualization, network design & decision support can accelerate the very slow (currently annual in Aegean) rate of coastal transport network update/upgrade procedures, and, create smarter network implementations that may adapt online on the various demand or requirement changes or updates. Connections, transportation, mobility, as well as port automation are some of the key factors for the “smartification” of entire islands especially in an archipelago like the Aegean Sea. In this work, we present the network design optimization functionality of Co.Tr.I.S, the various optimization stages, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) implementations and its potential to propose a better network design based on each user preferences. A sample case study is given to show its smartness & adaptability to each user needs and, finally, a discussion follows on how it could be complemented by emerging smart technologies for smarter islands.
URBAN TRAFFIC FLOW ANALYSIS BASED ON DEEP LEARNING CAR DETECTION FROM CCTV IMAGE SERIES
Authors: Peppa M. V. , Bell D. , Komar T. , Xiao W.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Traffic flow analysis is fundamental for urban planning and management of road traffic infrastructure. Automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) systems are conventional methods for vehicle detection and travel times estimation. However, such systems are specifically focused on car plates, providing a limited extent of road users. The advance of open-source deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNN) in combination with freely-available closed-circuit television (CCTV) datasets have offered the opportunities for detection and classification of various road users. The research, presented here, aims to analyse traffic flow patterns through fine-tuning pre-trained CNN models on domain-specific low quality imagery, as captured in various weather conditions and seasons of the year 2018. Such imagery is collected from the North East Combined Authority (NECA) Travel and Transport Data, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. Results show that the fine-tuned MobileNet model with 98.2 % precision, 58.5 % recall and 73.4 % harmonic mean could potentially be used for a real time traffic monitoring application with big data, due to its fast performance. Compared to MobileNet, the fine-tuned Faster region proposal R-CNN model, providing a better harmonic mean (80.4 %), recall (68.8 %) and more accurate estimations of car units, could be used for traffic analysis applications that demand higher accuracy than speed. This research ultimately exploits machine learning alogrithms for a wider understanding of traffic congestion and disruption under social events and extreme weather conditions.
GEO-VISUALISATION AND VISUAL ANALYTICS FOR SMART CITIES: A SURVEY
Authors: Harbola S. , Coors V.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Geo-Visualisation (GV) and Visual Analytics (VA) of geo-spatial data have become a focus of interest for research, industries, government and other organisations for improving the mobility, energy efficiency, waste management and public administration of a smart city. The geo-spatial data requirements, increasing volumes, varying formats and quality standards, present challenges in managing, storing, visualising and analysing the data. A survey covering GV and VA of the geo-spatial data collected from a smart city helps to portray the potential of such techniques, which is still required. Therefore, this survey presents GV and VA techniques for the geo-spatial urban data represented in terms of location, multi-dimensions including time, and several other attributes. Further, the current study provides a comprehensive review of the existing literature related to GV and VA from cities, highlighting the important open white spots for the cities’ geo-spatial data handling in term of visualisation and analytics. This will aid to get a better insight into the urban system and enable sustainable development of the future cities by improving human interaction with the geo-spatial data.
CAPTURING THE SOUNDS OF AN URBAN GREENSPACE
Authors: Klein E. , Chapple S. , Fainberg J. , Magill C. , Parker M. , Raab C. , Silvertown J.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Acoustic data can be a source of important information about events and the environment in modern cities. To date, much of the focus has been on monitoring noise pollution, but the urban soundscape contains a rich variety of signals about both human and natural phenomena. We describe the CitySounds project, which has installed enclosed sensor kits at several locations across a heavily used urban greenspace in the city of Edinburgh. The acoustic monitoring components regularly capture short clips in real-time of both ultrasonic and audible noises, for example encompassing bats, birds and other wildlife, traffic, and human. The sounds are complemented by collecting other data from sensors, such as temperature and relative humidity. To ensure privacy and compliance with relevant legislation, robust methods render completely unintelligible any traces of voice or conversation that may incidentally be overheard by the sensors. We have adopted a variety of methods to encourage community engagement with the audio data and to communicate the richness of urban soundscapes to a general audience.
MULTI-AGENT LEARNING FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENT REDUNDANCY IDENTIFICATION FOR MOBILE SENSORS IN AN IOT CONTEXT
Authors: Martínez D. A. , Mojica-Nava E. , Watson K. , Usländer T.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. From an IoT point of view, the continuous growth of cheap and versatile sensor technologies has generated a massive data flow in communication networks, which most of the time carries unnecessary or redundant information that requires larger storage centers and more time to process and analyze data. Most of this redundancy is due to fact that network nodes are unable to identify environmental cues showing measurement changes to be considered and instead remain at a static location getting the same data. In this work we propose a multi-agent learning framework based on two theoretical tools. Firstly, we use Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) to make each node capable of getting information from the environment based on its current measurement and the measurements taken by its neighbors. Secondly, we use the rate distortion function to define a boundary where the information coming from the environment is neither redundant nor misunderstood. Finally, we show how the framework is applied in a mobile sensor network in which sensors decide to be more or less exploratory by means of the parameter s of the Blahut-Arimoto algorithm, and how it affects the measurement coverage in a spatial area being sensed.
AN ANALYSIS TO INVESTIGATE SPATIAL COGNITIVE FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE CYCLING PATTERNS IN JOHANNESBURG
Authors: Moyo T. , Musakwa W. , Mokoena B. T.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Cycling in most African cities is done as either a mode of commuting or for recreational purposes. Apart from Smart cities encouraging a shift from cars to public transport by providing efficient last-mile connections, commuter cycling can take a significant share of end-to-end short distance trips. The ultimate realization of cycling merits by urban dwellers, (such as in Johannesburg, South Africa) is hindered by a lack of appropriate data to aid in understanding the dynamics of cycling behaviour. This paper seeks to be the first step in building a multi-model to govern the use of multi-modes of mobility in the city by initial focusing on promoting NMT usage as a mode of commuting in the city. Identification of these factors would go a long way in improving cycling uptake as well as inform policy strategies for non-motorized transportation in the city. Using an analytical approach, the authors conducted a survey along pre-known locations were cyclist choose to cycle. One route with newly developed cycling infrastructure and another without cycling infrastructure. A self-reported travel behaviour form, was used for the collection of spatial cognitive and attitudinal data on participants’ travel environment, attitude, behaviour, norm, intention, and habit was utilized to gather data to understand cyclist cognitive reasoning for choosing one path over another. The data collected from the survey was then overlaid with Strava Metro cycling data showing locations were cyclist prefer to cycle in the city. Findings from the analysis suggest perceived safe routes and routes that maximize health benefits are preferred. Based on the findings it is recommended that planners need to use crowd sourced data before developing infrastructure for cycling the city.
EXPLORING SIMILARITIES AND VARIATIONS OF HUMAN MOBILITY PATTERNS IN THE CITY OF LONDON
Authors: Sulis P. , Manley E.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The availability of new spatial data represents an unprecedented opportunity to better understand and plan cities. In particular, extensive data sets of human mobility data supply new information that can empower urbanism research to unveil how people use and visit urban places over time, overcoming traditional limitations related to the lack of large, detailed data sets. In this work, we explore patterns of similarities and spatial differences in human mobility flows in London, analysing their temporal variations in relation to the liveliness measured in a number of places. Using data sourced from the Oyster smart card and Twitter, we perform a time-series cluster analysis, exploring the similarity of temporal trends amongst places assigned to each cluster. Results suggest that differences in patterns appear to be related to the central and peripheral location of places, which present two or more temporal trends over the week. The type of transport network connecting the places (Tube, Railways, etc.) also appears to be a factor in determining significant differences. This work contributes to current urbanism research investigating the daily rhythms in cities. It also explores how to use mobility data to classify places according to their temporal features, with the aim of enhancing conventional analysis tools and integrating them with new quantitative information and methods.
Burning it in? Nietzsche, Gender, and Externalized Memory
Authors: Draz Marie
Published: September 2018

In this article, I extend the feminist use of Friedrich Nietzsche’s account of memory and forgetting to consider the contemporary externalization of memory foregrounded by transgender experience. Nietzsche’s On the Genealogy of Morals argues that memory is “burnt in” to the forgetful body as a necessary part of subject-formation and the requirements of a social order. Feminist philosophers have employed Nietzsche’s account to illuminate how gender, as memory, becomes embodied. While the account of the “burnt in” repetitions of gender allows us to theorize processes of embodied identity on an individual level, analyzing gender today requires also accounting for how gender is externalized. I take up this question through the specific examples of identity documents and sex-segregated bathrooms. Returning to Nietzsche’s call to practice a resistant forgetting, I conclude by exploring the distinct strategies required to disrupt externalized memory. These strategies include contesting the use of past gender assignments in data collection and rewriting architectural reminders of gender.
Dis-orientation, dis-epistemology and abolition
Authors: Ben-Moshe Liat
Published: September 2018

What is the relation between knowledge and orientation? How does being disoriented lead one to new knowledge or/and to being humbled (tenderized) about not knowing? How can not knowing aid in liberatory struggles, in alleviating oppression or even in being in community with like-minded people in an ethical manner? These are some of the questions that Ami Harbin’s work “Disorientation and Moral Life” brought up for me and which I would like to explore below, using prison abolition as one brief example.
Effects of Straw Phonation on Acoustic and Perceptual Measures of a Barbershop Chorus
Authors: Manternach Jeremy N. , Clark Chad
Published: September 2018

Voice instructors, speech language pathologists, and choral directors frequently utilize semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises in their practices. These exercises, which narrow the vocal tract above the vocal folds, have been found to reduce voicing effort while maintaining or boosting acoustic output of individual speakers and singers. Recent investigations of choirs have aligned, with choirs maintaining or increasing acoustic output after a straw phonation protocol and, in one study, singer perceptions of improved choral sound and vocal efficiency. These choral studies have taken place with traditional Western Classical-style ensembles. SOVT exercises, however, are also frequently recommended in groups that sing in other styles (e.g., barbershop), in which thousands of school and community choristers participate. Though each style may involve unique vocal techniques, no published study to date has investigated the efficacy of SOVT protocols in non-Western Classical choral ensembles. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure the effect of a group straw phonation protocol on acoustic and perceptual changes of conglomerate, choral sound in a male barbershop chorus. Results indicated that the group sang with 1.00 dB SPL increased spectral energy (0–10 kHz) after the straw protocol, possibly indicating a “just noticeable” difference. Most singer participants also thought the group sounded better (85.7%) and that they individually sang more efficiently (62.5%) after the protocols. These results align with previous research and may indicate that choral teacher-conductors and music teacher educators in barbershop settings could utilize SOVT exercises to improve “vocal economy” by increasing vocal output with reduced effort.
On Large Ensembles: A Cross-Cultural Content Analysis of English- and Chinese-Language Articles (2007–2017)
Authors: Freer Patrick K. , Tan Leonard
Published: September 2018

This article reports a cross-cultural analysis of journal articles pertaining to large ensembles published in English and Chinese languages from 2007–17. Topics addressed in the articles included issues of equity and access, the value of large ensembles in young people’s lives and to the field of music education, the development of large ensemble music education in Asia, and implications for the field of conductor-teacher preparation. Three conceptually distinct but interrelated themes emerged: power, participation, and pedagogy. “Power” refers to the authority, command, and influence commonly associated with conductors. “Participation” refers to issues of access, recruitment, retention, attrition, and other sociological issues related to participation in large ensembles. “Pedagogy” refers to calls for changes in the teaching and delivery of large ensemble programs. The article closes with recommendations for international research and pedagogical development concerning music education’s large ensembles.
The Curia in Aeneid 7
Authors: Crofton-Sleigh Lissa
Published: September 2018

In Aeneid 7, Latinus receives the Trojans in his curia, a building simultaneously described as tectum, regia, and templum in Vergil’s ekphrasis (7.170–91), which has complicated discussions concerning the building’s function and conception. Many studies have suggested that specific temples in Rome are the sole inspiration for Vergil. I argue, however, that the poet is more generally allusive, and I suggest below that the Roman curia, overlooked thus far in scholarship, also informs the poet’s ekphrasis, through an examination of the architectural and ideological features in Latinus’s curia. By projecting Roman architecture and monuments into the past, Vergil emphasizes that architecture comprises a significant part of the history and purpose of Rome.
iam pater est: Oedipus in Statius’s Thebaid
Authors: Simms Robert Clinton
Published: September 2018

While few in number, scenes that feature Oedipus reveal an internal trajectory that misleads audience expectation concerning the scene in which he grieves for the deaths of his sons. The inaugural scene in which Oedipus curses his sons signals the epic to be a reification of the myth and creates anticipation for the conflict. Where the character of Oedipus is read through previous iterations, most especially Euripides’s Phoenissae, the expectation of his grief distorts interpretation of his curse. Statius, however, incorporates a Senecan influence, whereby Oedipus will be pleased with the deaths of his sons, which misleads reader expectation for his reaction.
“Aristotle and the Zoon Politkon”: A Response to Abbate
Authors: Jacobs Edward
Published: September 2018

Cheryl Abbate’s (2016) article in this journal makes the case that many nonhuman animals are “political” in the Aristotelian sense (Politics; Nicomachean Ethics). Moreover, Abbate rejects the claim that anthrôpos (Homo sapiens) is the most political of animals. While the aim to deflate often overexaggerated distinctions between us and other animals is laudable, in the following I suggest that Abbate’s evidence from cognitive ethology, and her application of evolutionary principles, fall short of demonstrating other animals to be as political as anthrôpos.
Redefending Nonhuman Justice in Complex Animal Communities: A Response to Jacobs
Authors: Abbate Cheryl
Published: September 2018

In response to my argument against Aristotle’s claim that humans are more political than other animals, Edward Jacobs counters that the evidence I use from cognitive ethology and my application of evolutionary principles fail to demonstrate that other animals are as political as humans. Jacobs furthermore suggests that humans are more political than other animals by pointing to the political variation in human communities. In this article, I defend my use of evolutionary principles and my interpretation of anecdotes from cognitive ethology, while challenging Jacobs’s assertion that human political variation implies that humans are more political than other animals.
Hermeneutical Injustice and Animal Ethics: Can Nonhuman Animals Suffer from Hermeneutical Injustice?
Authors: Podosky Paul-Mikhail
Published: September 2018

Miranda Fricker (2007) explains that hermeneutical injustice occurs when an area of one’s social experience is obscured from collective understanding. However, Fricker focuses only on the injustice suffered by those who cannot render intelligible their own oppression. I argue that there is another side to hermeneutical injustice that is other-oriented; an injustice that occurs when one cannot understand, to a basic extent, the oppression of others. Specifically, I discuss the hermeneutical injustice suffered by nonhuman animals made possible by objectifying concepts available in the collective hermeneutical resource.
The Warsaw New Testament of 1881: Origins, Subsequent History, Controversies Part 1 (of 2)
Authors: Nicholson Peter
Published: September 2018

This article fills an important gap in the historiography of translations of the Bible into Polish, documenting the origins, subsequent history, and controversies surrounding a translation of the New Testament made near the close of the nineteenth century. First published in its present form by the British and Foreign Bible Society in Vienna in 1881, it is referred to by the present-day Bible Society in Poland (the successor organization to the British and Foreign Bible Society in Poland) as Nowy Testament tzw. warszawski [the Warsaw New Testament]. No longer published by the Bible Society in Poland, this translation is maintained in print today by the British-based Trinitarian Bible Society, which until October 2017 referred to it—erroneously—as a “revision of the Gdańsk text by Count Wegierski,” while most people who have any experience of this translation refer to it—also erroneously—as przekład Goetza [the Goetze translation].

Among other things, this study demonstrates the following: The translation of the New Testament in Polish currently circulated by the Trinitarian Bible Society is not the translation the Society for several decades claimed it to be. The translation of the New Testament in Polish published by the Trinitarian Bible Society in London in 1876 contained a number of errors introduced by Karol Węgierski acting on his own initiative in England and was rejected outright by the Warsaw-based committee that had produced the Gospels–Acts portion of this translation in 1873. The committee eliminated Węgierski’s errors and published its own version of the New Testament with the help of the British and Foreign Bible Society in 1881. In the 1920s, the Trinitarian Bible Society substituted the Polish New Testament it had first published in 1876 with the version first published by the British and Foreign Bible Society in 1881, and without making any changes to it began publishing it as their own “new edition,” calling it an “uncorrupted version” produced “after very careful revision.” This substitution was exposed by the British and Foreign Bible Society but was not properly acknowledged at the time. This was particularly unfortunate in view of the Trinitarian Bible Society’s strident and sustained criticism of the British and Foreign Bible Society. Very little credit for the actual translation is due to Karol Węgierski; most is due to Karol Gustaw Manitius and the Warsaw translation committee. The confessional diversity of the translation committee, which included representatives of the Lutheran, Reformed, and Roman Catholic Churches, means that the Gospel of Matthew published by the Trinitarian Bible Society in 1870 was the first ecumenical translation of any part of the Bible into Polish and that the 1881 Warsaw New Testament was the first ecumenical translation of the entire New Testament into Polish.
The City as a Lieu de Mémoire: Phenomenological, Symbolic, and Self-Reflective Levels of the Past in Lublin’s Present
Authors: Garbowski Christopher
Published: September 2018

The article discusses historical memory in a municipal community on the example of Lublin with the aid of Pierre Nora’s concept of lieu de mémoire augmented by David Carr’s phenomenological philosophy of history. More specifically, the city’s past is explored as a constitutive element of the present at different levels: from a phenomenological one, through symbolic and self-reflective levels. The phenomenological and symbolic levels of the past with their relevant “sites of memory” in the city aid in creating a sense of continuity and attachment to place. What compliments them is a reflective level that assists in elevating the past to a constitutive part of a community’s identity. Certain circumstances or events can heighten a community’s self-awareness and provoke a higher degree of reflection. The last part of the article will primarily explore how Lublin’s participation in the competition for the Polish edition of the European Capital of Culture of 2016 drew upon a number of seminal currents of cultural and historical memory to help define the city’s identity.
Constructing English Reading and Writing Learning and Teaching Mode for Senior High Hearing Impaired Students and Teachers on the Basis of New Media
Authors: Xu Bo
Published: September 2018

New media is widely used in English teaching and learning, special education, in particular. In the new settings, hearing impaired students’ learning features are individualized learning style, visual-based learning mode, weakness in understanding and laziness in learning. It is easy for hearing impaired students to learn English via micro course of American Sign Language, English reading and writing. Students learning process is divided into three stages: pre-class: micro-course learning; while-class: cooperative learning in groups; post-class: extensive reading for writing. Finally, English reading and writing learning and teaching mode is constructed on the basis of new media.
SEARCH FOR THE MOST USEFUL GEOMETRY OF AN ACOUSTIC JOURNAL BEARING
Authors: GAWARKIEWICZ Rafał
Published: September 2018

Computer simulations of a number of journal bearing’s geometries utilising acoustic levitation were carried out. The choice of the best geometry depended on the ability of a deformed shape, created by piezo-electric elements, to facilitate squeeze film ultrasonic levitation, and also to create three evenly distributed diverging aerodynamic gaps. Deformations of analysed variants of the bearing’s shape were generated by numerical simulations utilising the finite element method. For the chosen shapes of geometry, prototype bearings were made and their usefulness verified experimentally. As a result, the bearing with the highest load carrying capacity was identified.
EVALUATION OF THE LUBRICATION EFFICIENCY OF GREASES ACCORDING TO CRITERION OF WEAR EXPERIMENTALLY DETERMINED AT VARIABLE VALUES OF MOTION PARAMETERS
Authors: KRAWIEC Michał
Published: September 2018

The results of tribological investigations into the lubrication efficiency of greases in steel sliding pairs working in mixed friction conditions are presented. The lubrication efficiency was evaluated according to the criterion of wear determined by tribological tests conducted at variable values of motion parameters: load F and sliding velocity v. Wear volume VF(d), calculated from wear regression equations (wear d = f(p,v), was adopted as the lubrication efficiency criterion. Five different commercial greases currently available on the market and one in-house grease (a compound of grease 1S and two solid greases (6% PTFE and 5% Cu)) were tested. The experiment was conducted in a four-ball tester at five levels in accordance with the rotatable experiment design. A regression function with interrelated ball wear d, sliding velocity v, and applied load F, was formulated for each of the tested greases. Wear volumes VF(d) were calculated and conclusions were drawn.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF SYNTHETIC HYDROCARBONS AND ALCOHOLS ON THE LUBRICITY OF CI ENGINE FUELS AND AVIATION FUELS
Authors: KULCZYCKI Andrzej , DZIĘGIELEWSKI Wojciech , OZIMINA Dariusz
Published: September 2018

The paper covers the mechanism of lubrication layer formation by fuels containing synthetic hydrocarbons and alcohols. Development of alternative fuels containing FAME, alcohols, and synthetic hydrocarbons has increased the interest in the mechanism of lubrication of fuelling systems parts. Fuel lubricity tests have been conducted using the HFRR and BOCLE testing rigs. Fuels under testing, both for CI engines and for aviation turbine ones, contained synthetic components: saturated hydrocarbons both of even and odd number of carbon atoms, and butanol, isomers. These components have been added to conventional fuels, such as diesel fuel and Jet A-1 fuel at the concentration of 0–20% (V/V). All fuels under testing contained commercially available lubricity improvers (carboxylic acid). Test results were analysed using model αi described in [L. 6, 7]. As a result of the analysis, it has been found that the liquid phase, which is a lubricating film, should contain agglomerates or molecular clusters responsible for the transport of energy introduced into lubricating film by electrons emitted from metal surface. The mechanism enabling a description of the effect of base fuel without lubricity improvers on efficiency of such additives has been suggested.
EFFECT OF EXTERNAL LOAD ON THE PROCESS OF STEEL CONSUMPTION IN A SOIL MASS
Authors: NAPIÓRKOWSKI Jerzy , LEMECHA Magdalena , KONAT Łukasz
Published: September 2018

This paper presents the results of a study on the effect of external load on the course and intensity of Hardox
Extreme hardness steel wear in sandy soil. The research was conducted under laboratory conditions using
a rotating bowl machine. The abrasive was composed of two types of soil: light and medium. External
pressure applied to the sample surface had the following values: 13.08, 39.24, and 65.04 [kPa]. On the basis
of the results from the analysis of variance, a significant effect of external load on the values of wear on
a differentiated level for particular soil masses was found. The analysis of friction surfaces complements the
study. Furrows and micro-cuts prevail in the wearing process, and their intensity depends on the cohesion
force between the soil grains.
THE IMPACT OF THE TYPE OF CUTTING FLUID ON THE TURNING PROCESS
Authors: OZIMINA Dariusz , KOWALCZYK Joanna , MADEJ Monika , NOWAKOWSKI Łukasz , KULCZYCKI Andrzej
Published: September 2018

This article compares the test results concerning the wear of cutting tools after face turning under dry friction conditions and lubricated friction conditions with biodegradable cutting fluid or mineral-oil based emulsion. The turning was performed using a CTX 310 ECO machine tool. The wear of the cutting tools was measured by means of stereo zoom microscopy (SX80), while the elements were identified through scanning electron microscopy (JSM 7100F). The tribological tests were conducted for a ball-on-disc configuration in sliding contact using a T-01M tribometer. The surface textures of the face turned specimens were measured with a Talysurf CCI Lite optical profiler. The study also involved determining the foaming tendency and corrosive effects of both cutting fluids. The use of the biodegradable cutting fluid with low foaming tendency resulted in lower wear and higher corrosion resistance of the tool.
THE EFFECT OF THE COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION ON THE BIOMECHANICS OF CONTACT IN HIP ENDOPROSTHESIS
Authors: RYNIEWICZ Anna M. , MADEJ Tomasz , RYNIEWICZ Wojciech , BOJKO Łukasz , CHOROMAŃSKI Mieczysław
Published: September 2018

Hip replacement surgery, by introducing a specific replacement head on the stem and cup, completely changes the conditions of co-operation typical for the biological correct pair. The clinical selection of endoprosthesis, apart from other conditionings, involves a dilemma between the choice of a rigid tribological node and the selection of a susceptible bearing cushioning the locomotive loads. The aim of the study is to evaluate the coefficient of friction and wear resistance of materials used for sliding contact in the endoprostheses of hip joints. On the basis of the conducted tests, it can be stated that, in the selection of material for cups of endoprosthesis, the wear resistance is important, and the coefficient of friction in contact head and cup in the prosthesis is less important. The presence of significant disproportions between the two parameters of the tribological process proves that the biomaterial is less useful on the cup. In the assessment of cooperation in the endoprosthesis, simulations of the contact of structural elements are useful, because, on that basis, in the correlation with tribological parameters, one can make conclusions about the distribution of stresses and displacements that may determine the lifetime of the implant.
WEAR RESISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMO-CHEMICALLY TREATED STRUCTURAL STEELS
Authors: SENATORSKI Jan , TACIKOWSKI Jan , MĄCZYŃSKI Paweł
Published: September 2018

The article presents results of investigations of wear resistance by friction, employing the “3 cylinder – cone” method, of selected structural steels subjected to given thermo-chemical treatment, i.e. nitriding, carburizing, and precipitation hardening after nitriding. The investigated steels were C45, 21NiCrMo2, 18HGT, and 41Cr4. These materials, after thermo-chemical treatment undergo metallurgical characteristics of diffusion layers formed on steel. It was observed that proportionality exists between their wear resistance and the value of surface unit loading. Moreover, the friction – wear properties of these layers exhibited certain differences, depending on their microstructure and chemistry.
RESEARCHING AND MODELING OF THE DYNAMIC VISCOSITY OF THE FERRO-OILS WITH THE DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF MAGNETIC PARTICLES IN THE ASPECT OF PRESSURE CHANGES
Authors: FRYCZ Marcin
Published: September 2018

In this article, the results of the experimental research of determining the dynamic viscosity of the ferro-oils with different concentration of the magnetic particles in terms of pressure change are presented. The research was conducted on the Thermo Scientific Haake Mars III rheometer in the configuration with a pressure chamber. The applied configuration allowed the author to conduct research on the change of viscosity for the selected pressure values p in range from 0 to 100 bars. The research was conducted for three selected temperature values, including t = 30°C, 60°C, and 90°C, as well as selected shear rates of 200 and 600s-1. The chosen concentration values of the magnetic particles were nCS = 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%. The viscous characteristics gathered as a result of the research have been analysed with the aim of identifying the nature of the correlations and to create mathematical-physical models of changes in the dynamic viscosity of the ferrooils due to the change in pressure in terms of concentrations of the magnetic particles. Analysis, identification, and adaptation of the characteristics were conducted using the StatSoft STATISTICA ver. 9 software. Selected mathematical adaptations of the acquired results were submitted through the enhanced analysis. In addition, parameters of the course of functions were designated and their qualitative assessments were made.
EFFECT OF APPLYING FLUSHING FLUID ON LUBRICITY PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANT COMPRESSOR OILS
Authors: GÓRNY Kacper , STACHOWIAK Arkadiusz , TYCZEWSKI Przemysław , ZWIERZYCKI Wiesław
Published: September 2018

There has currently been a dynamic return to applying natural refrigerants such as hydrocarbons. They are substances containing neither fluorine nor chlorine, which contribute to the enlargement of the ozone hole and the greenhouse effect. However, hydrocarbons are the substances from the A3 safety group (flammable) and, at present, are mainly used in appliances of low efficiency. The most widely used refrigerant in this category of appliances is R600a (isobutene). While repairing refrigeration appliances, there is often the need to remove the refrigerant and compressor oil from the system. Any impurities in the system are also removed. Should incorrect removal of the used oil from the installation occur, there is the risk that a certain amount of the oil and flushing fluid shall remain in the refrigeration system. The article presents an evaluation of the effect of a flushing fluid for refrigeration systems on lubricity properties of compressor oils. The article also describes the research on the use of R600a, a mineral oil of VG ISO 32 and commercially available FF1 flushing fluid, for refrigeration systems. The evaluation was made on the basis of the sample wear volume in the block-on-ring node under the conditions similar to compressor exploitation following a longer shut-off period. Three different lubricants were compared: a mixture of mineral oil with FF1 flushing fluid for refrigeration systems in the amount 20% by volume, a mixture of mineral oil with FF1 flushing fluid for refrigeration systems in the amount 50% by volume, and a mixture of mineral oil with FF1 flushing fluid for refrigeration systems in the amount 50% by volume with R600a.