bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of cachexia on oncologic outcomes of sarcopenic patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma after radical nephroureterectomy
Authors: Chen Hao-Wei , Chen Yu-Chen , Yang Li-Hwa , Shih Ming-Chen Paul , Li Ching-Chia , Chueh Kuang-Shun , Wu Wen-Jeng , Juan Yung-Shun
Published: April 2021

Objectives

To investigate the prognostic significance of sarcopenic cachexia compared to sarcopenia without cachexia in the outcomes of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).

Materials and methods

Between 2011 and 2016, 163 patients with UTUC who received RNU at a tertiary medical center were included. Pre-operatively clinical data, history, and abdominal computer tomography scans were analyzed retrospectively. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on abdominal computed tomography data on the patient’s skeletal muscles. Outcomes of relapse-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival were analyzed by multivariate Cox regression.

Results

After adjusting for age, sex, pre-operatively estimated glomerular filtration rate, body mass index, underlying diseases, tumor grade, and tumor stage, cachexia was a significant poor prognostic factor for relapse-free survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 18.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.87–118, p = 0.002) and cancer-specific survival (HR: 26.6, 95% CI: 4.04–175, p = 0.001). In contrast, sarcopenia without cachexia was not a significant predictor of cancer outcomes.

Conclusions

To date, this is the first study to investigate the effect of cachexia among sarcopenic patients with UTUC treated with RNU. We identified the prognostic significance of cachexia on outcomes. Indeed, when UTUC is treated with RNU, we should evaluate not only sarcopenia status but also cachexia. The low survival rate among patients with UTUC complicated with cachexia deserves attention.
Copeptin and stress-induced hyperglycemia in critically ill patients: A prospective study
Authors: Henrique Lilian Rodrigues , Crispim Daisy , Vieceli Tarsila , Schaeffer Ariell Freires , Bellaver Priscila , Leitão Cristiane Bauermann , Rech Tatiana Helena
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Copeptin, an equimolar indicator of serum antidiuretic hormone levels, has been associated with higher mortality in critically ill patients and with the development of diabetes in the general population. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of copeptin levels with glycemic parameters in critically ill patients and to compare the time-course of copeptin in survivors and non-survivors.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Patients

From June to October 2019, critically ill patients were prospectively enrolled and followed for 90 days.

Measurements

Plasma copeptin levels were determined at intensive care unit (ICU) admission (copeptin T1), 24 h (copeptin T2), and 48 h (copeptin T3) after study entry. Blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels were measured. ICU, in-hospital, and 90-day mortality, and length of stay in the ICU and hospital were evaluated.

Results

104 patients were included. No significant correlation was detected between copeptin levels and blood glucose (r = -0.17, p = 0.09), HbA1c (r = 0.01, p = 0.9), glycemic gap (r = -0.16, p = 0.11), and stress hyperglycemia ratio (r = -0.14, p = 0.16). Copeptin T3 levels were significantly higher in survivors than in non-survivors at hospital discharge (561 [370–856] vs 300 [231–693] pg/mL, p = 0.015) and at 90 days (571 [380–884] vs 300 [232–698] pg/mL, p = 0.03).

Conclusions

No significant correlations were found between copeptin levels and glycemic parameters, suggesting that copeptin is not a relevant factor in the induction of hyperglycemia during critical illness. Copeptin levels at ICU day 3 were higher in survivors than in non-survivors.
Safe and effective two-in-one replicon-and-VLP minispike vaccine for COVID-19: Protection of mice after a single immunization
Authors: Hennrich Alexandru A. , Sawatsky Bevan , Santos-Mandujano Rosalía , Banda Dominic H. , Oberhuber Martina , Schopf Anika , Pfaffinger Verena , Wittwer Kevin , Riedel Christiane , Pfaller Christian K. , Conzelmann Karl-Klaus
Published: April 2021

Vaccines of outstanding efficiency, safety, and public acceptance are needed to halt the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Concerns include potential side effects caused by the antigen itself and safety of viral DNA and RNA delivery vectors. The large SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein is the main target of current COVID-19 vaccine candidates but can induce non-neutralizing antibodies, which might cause vaccination-induced complications or enhancement of COVID-19 disease. Besides, encoding of a functional S in replication-competent virus vector vaccines may result in the emergence of viruses with altered or expanded tropism. Here, we have developed a safe single round rhabdovirus replicon vaccine platform for enhanced presentation of the S receptor-binding domain (RBD). Structure-guided design was employed to build a chimeric minispike comprising the globular RBD linked to a transmembrane stem-anchor sequence derived from rabies virus (RABV) glycoprotein (G). Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and RABV replicons encoding the minispike not only allowed expression of the antigen at the cell surface but also incorporation into the envelope of secreted non-infectious particles, thus combining classic vector-driven antigen expression and particulate virus-like particle (VLP) presentation. A single dose of a prototype replicon vaccine complemented with VSV G, VSVΔG-minispike-eGFP (G), stimulated high titers of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in mice, equivalent to those found in COVID-19 patients, and protected transgenic K18-hACE2 mice from COVID-19-like disease. Homologous boost immunization further enhanced virus neutralizing activity. The results demonstrate that non-spreading rhabdovirus RNA replicons expressing minispike proteins represent effective and safe alternatives to vaccination approaches using replication-competent viruses and/or the entire S antigen.
Procedures for moving. Walls
Authors: Gardner Sally
Published: April 2021

This article discusses an experiment in combining personal archival digital images, including those taken at various dance performances or rehearsals, in which the phenomenon of interruption was both discovered and investigated. The composite images were shown at a Space, Race, Bodies cultural studies and activist conference with the theme of ‘Walls’, held in 2018 in Aotearoa New Zealand. Parallel with discussing the process of creating these images and considering their effects, the article draws on the experience of exhibiting at the conference to explore relations between poetics and politics. The idea of interruption can be a key to this relation. With its rich history in the modernist performing arts and film, interruption facilitates making connections through difference.
Abriendo Fronteras: Enfoques Interdisciplinares de la Coreología, Cecilia Nocilli and Ana María Díaz Olaya (eds) (2018)
Authors: Cisneros Rosemary ‘Rosa’
Published: April 2021

Review of: Abriendo Fronteras: Enfoques Interdisciplinares de la Coreología, Cecilia Nocilli and Ana María Díaz Olaya (eds) (2018)

Malaga Libargo, 214 pp.,

ISBN 978-84-944433-9-8, p/bk, €17.95
Stratégia és marketing a tömegközlekedésben
Authors: Kelemenné Erdős Anikó
Published: April 2021

A tanulmány primer kutatás keretében a személyszállító közúti és vasúti közlekedési vállalatok stratégiai és marketingmenedzsment módszereit elemzi. Az iparági stratégiák megalapozását a marketing-információrendszeren keresztül vizsgálja, amelynek alapján a megfogalmazott stratégiai célokat, illetve azok megvalósításához rendelt eszközöket analizálja. A vállalati stratégia elméleti célkitűzéseit a gyakorlatban megvalósuló marketingstratégia bemutatásával jeleníti meg.
Scholars and Literati at the National Academy of Sciences, Letters and Arts of Bordeaux (1712-1793)
Authors: De la Croix David , Dock Fanny
Published: April 2021

This note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati who participated in the National Academy of Sciences, Letters and Arts of Bordeaux from its inception in 1712 to its dissolution in 1793.
Zastosowanie analizy korespondencji do klasyfikacji materiałów z późnej epoki brązu na przykładzie obiektów funeralnych z Polski południowo-wschodniej
Authors: Rajpold Wojciech
Published: April 2021

It is truism to say that for an archaeologist the question of chronology is particularly important. In relation to Tarnobrzeg Lusatian Culture, this topic was frequently raised, which in the case of its early and late stages gave satisfactory results. There are numerous determinants of these phases, and they can also be divided into smaller periodical stages. The dynamics of change is well understood. However,p hase II is far more problematic. Basically, it is represented by one type of vessel. In addition, the 150–200 year phase is very compact in terms of inventory and it is almost impossible to identify older or younger materials. The problem of its decline also needs to be emphasized, where when treated through the prism of the San River style as it usually is, it should be prolonged to HaD. The author, using the correspondence board, tries to indicate materials which can be related to the older and younger episode of the second phase of Tarnobrzeg Lusatian Culture.
Rozważania o narracji budowanej wokół argumentu: „w świetle archeologii”.
Authors: Sołtysiak Michał
Published: April 2021

“In the light of archaeology…” means a statement or conclusion based on archaeological sources, its practice and theoretical models used in it. But the range of possibilities and persuasiveness of all such statements is very wide. A typical lack of contemporary historiographic literature is the writer’s failure to define his own research attitude. Researchers also rarely want to confront their own subjectivity and define their views before they start presenting their explanations for the topic under study. This applies to both the research attitude, evaluation and purposefulness of the sources used, the scope of using the achievements and workshop of anthropology, and the issue of the narrative nature of archaeological writing itself. The aim of this article is to discuss the need for a more substantive attention to theoretical assumptions in archaeological writing, especially in the aspect of creating a historiographic narrative in historical archaeology. While attention is put on belonging to a given theoretical trend, the issues of narrative, persuasive procedures and noticing the narrative style that is chosen are less frequently analyzed. These are very significant characteristics of a given text, as they are directly directed to the reader, i.e., the person to whom our research and conclusions are presented. This text is, in accordance with the above considerations, also a commentary on the existing state and an attempt to draw attention to the need for the most conscious approach to one’s own scientific workshop.
Ein Beitrag zur Problematik der Übersetzung des Wortes מִנְחָה in Gen 4,3–5a
Authors: Dzikiewicz Daniel
Published: April 2021

At the end of 2016, a revised edition of the Catholic Bible translation (Einheitsübersetzung) was published. One of the many corrections introduced referred to the word מִנְחָה in Gen 4,3–5a. It was translated as “a gift” (Gabe). The previous translation (1980) read this word as “a sacrifice” (Opfer). This article examines the validity of a given correction, proposing to combine both translation traditions into one as “a sacrificial gift” (Opfergabe).
Learning and Revealing the Thoughts of the Holy Scriptures through the Preachers as Perceived by Rev. Zygmunt Pilch (1888–1962)
Authors: Bucki Łukasz
Published: April 2021

The text of the article is an analysis of selected issues from the teaching of Rev. Zygmunt Pilch (1888–1962) PhD, who directed his thoughts not only to students of preaching but also to preachers. His teaching is still relevant today. The homiletics lecturer appealed to the preachers of the Word of God that they were obliged to communicate the Word of Salvation to the world. The text of the Holy Scriptures, according to the homiletics teacher, is a natural source of preaching, as it is the Spirit of God Himself who speaks through it, through the teaching Church. From the inspired text, the preacher should draw content, spirit, anointing, life and grace. A preacher reading the Scriptures is bound to grasp the meaning of God’s speech. By reading the text, he looks for thoughts and meanings, wanting to capture the inner content of the text. The primary concern in reading the Bible is to know its literal meaning, which is directly apparent from the words of the text. There is also a typical sense in the holy books. The preacher’s task is to convince the faithful to live by faith, according to the Lord’s thought contained in types. Reading the Word of God requires appropriate methods that understand its symbolic meaning, revealed in allegories. Christ often made use of parables as the means of visual teaching, drawing images from everyday life. Devoted completely to preaching, Z. Pilch reminded that the Holy Scriptures, being the treasury of the revealed truth, were the main literature for every preacher. The teaching of the prelate Zygmunt Pilch seems to be still relevant and is still an undiscovered treasury.
Shared Dorsal Periaqueductal Gray Activation Patterns during Exposure to Innate and Conditioned Threats
Authors: Reis Fernando M.C.V. , Liu Jinhan , Schuette Peter J. , Lee Johannes Y. , Maesta-Pereira Sandra , Chakerian Meghmik , Wang Weisheng , Canteras Newton S. , Kao Jonathan C. , Adhikari Avishek
Published: April 2021

The brainstem dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) has been widely recognized as being a vital node orchestrating the responses to innate threats. Intriguingly, recent evidence also shows that the dPAG mediates defensive responses to fear conditioned contexts. However, it is unknown whether the dPAG displays independent or shared patterns of activation during exposure to innate and conditioned threats. It is also unclear how dPAG ensembles encode and predict diverse defensive behaviors. To address this question, we used miniaturized microscopes to obtain recordings of the same dPAG ensembles during exposure to a live predator and a fear conditioned context in male mice. dPAG ensembles encoded not only distance to threat, but also relevant features, such as predator speed and angular offset between mouse and threat. Furthermore, dPAG cells accurately encoded numerous defensive behaviors, including freezing, stretch-attend postures, and escape. Encoding of behaviors and of distance to threat occurred independently in dPAG cells. dPAG cells also displayed a shared representation to encode these behaviors and distance to threat across innate and conditioned threats. Last, we also show that escape could be predicted by dPAG activity several seconds in advance. Thus, dPAG activity dynamically tracks key kinematic and behavioral variables during exposure to threats, and exhibits similar patterns of activation during defensive behaviors elicited by innate or conditioned threats. These data indicate that a common pathway may be recruited by the dPAG during exposure to a wide variety of threat modalities.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) is critical to generate defensive behaviors during encounters with threats of multiple modalities. Here we use longitudinal calcium transient recordings of dPAG ensembles in freely moving mice to show that this region uses shared patterns of activity to represent distance to an innate threat (a live predator) and a conditioned threat (a shock grid). We also show that dPAG neural activity can predict diverse defensive behaviors. These data indicate the dPAG uses conserved population-level activity patterns to encode and coordinate defensive behaviors during exposure to both innate and conditioned threats.
Primary Neural Degeneration in Noise-Exposed Human Cochleas: Correlations with Outer Hair Cell Loss and Word-Discrimination Scores
Authors: Wu Pei-Zhe , O'Malley Jennifer T. , de Gruttola Victor , Liberman M. Charles
Published: April 2021

Animal studies suggest that cochlear nerve degeneration precedes sensory cell degeneration in both noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and age-related hearing loss (ARHL), producing a hearing impairment that is not reflected in audiometric thresholds. Here, we investigated the histopathology of human ARHL and NIHL by comparing loss of auditory nerve fibers (ANFs), cochlear hair cells and the stria vascularis in a group of 52 cases with noise-exposure history against an age-matched control group. Although strial atrophy increased with age, there was no effect of noise history. Outer hair cell (OHC) loss also increased with age throughout the cochlea but was unaffected by noise history in the low-frequency region (<2 kHz), while greatly exacerbated at high frequencies (≥2 kHz). Inner hair cell (IHC) loss was primarily seen at high frequencies but was unaffected by noise at either low or high frequencies. ANF loss was substantial at all cochlear frequencies and was exacerbated by noise throughout. According to a multivariable regression model, this loss of neural channels contributes to poor word discrimination among those with similar audiometric threshold losses. The histopathological patterns observed also suggest that, whereas the low-frequency OHC loss may be an unavoidable consequence of aging, the high-frequency loss, which produces the classic down-sloping audiogram of ARHL, may be partially because of avoidable ear abuse, even among those without a documented history of acoustic overexposure.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAs regenerative therapeutics in sensorineural hearing loss enter clinical trials, it becomes critical to infer which cochlear pathologies are present in addition to hair cell loss. Here, by analyzing human autopsy material, we show that acoustic injury accelerates age-related primary neural degeneration, but not strial degeneration, neither of which can be inferred from audiometric thresholds. It exacerbates outer hair cell (OHC) loss only in the high-frequency half of the cochlea, suggesting that the apical loss is age-related, whereas the basal loss is partially noise induced, and therefore avoidable. Statistical analysis suggests that neural loss helps explain differences in word-recognition ability among individuals with similar audiometric thresholds. The surprising correlation between neural loss and OHC loss in the cochlea's speech region also implicates neural loss in the well-known decline in word scores as thresholds deteriorate with age.
Fe e intención requerida para el matrimonio sacramento. Consecuencias canónicas del documento de la Comisión Teológica Internacional
Authors: Peña Carmen
Published: April 2021

En marzo de 2020 se hizo público el documento de la Comisión Teológica Internacional La reciprocidad entre la fe y los sacramentos en la economía sacramental, que profundiza en la naturaleza dialógica de los sacramentos y en la exigencia de fe para su celebración, y aborda la cuestión de la calidad sacramental de los matrimonios entre “bautizados no creyentes”. En este artículo, la autora, tras realizar un análisis de este documento destacando sus principales aportaciones, extrae las consecuencias canónicas de esos principios teológicos, poniendo de manifiesto las diversas vías de profundización y revisión de la práctica canónica que abre el documento de la CTI. En concreto, se aborda la relevancia de la falta de fe en capítulos de nulidad como el error o la exclusión de la sacramentalidad y la exclusión o error sobre el bien de los cónyuges, la preparación y admisión al matrimonio o los matrimonios mixtos.
La relación entre la teología y el derecho canónico. Un apunte histórico
Authors: Cuena-Boy Francisco
Published: April 2021

Trabajo esencialmente informativo concebido como aportación, desde el campo de la Historia del derecho, a la iniciativa Diálogos multidisciplinares de Derecho Canónico. Sobre la relación entre la teología y el derecho canónico, se presenta ante todo la posición de los canonistas bajomedievales que dieron su forma inicial al problema. Después se sintetizan las ideas de varios teólogos-juristas de la Escuela de Salamanca y por último se expone, con algo más de amplitud, el articulado pensamiento de Melchor Cano, maestro de la misma Escuela que indagó a fondo aquella cuestión y supo exponerla con método y claridad. Lo mismo se hace con Francisco Suárez.
Out of Abstraction
Authors: Amaral Leah Ashanti , Tesfaye Johanna
Published: April 2021

This paper describes a collaborative self-reflexive practice using art-making, personal experience, womanist performance pedagogy (WPP), the Black Arts Movement, and poetry as the starting material for inquiry. Through arts-based inquiry, we reflected on our practice and Black personhood as art therapists, artists, and activists. We investigated the concepts of therapeutic and professional space in three areas: negotiating identity, co-creating our therapeutic practice, and making alternatives. We utilized the seven characteristics of WPP proposed by Khalilah Ali in her dissertation ‘For Us Poetry is Not a Luxury’: A Case Study of Six Black Women Artist-Educator-Activists as a framework, while drawing from care and healing practices from the Black Arts Movement, and using poetry as material. We merge our experience, theory, and action through this collaborative, self-reflexive, exploratory investigation, to better understand how to cultivate subversion and challenge the power structures and systems that we navigate on a daily basis. Our interest in this topic derived from the two alternative spaces that we created during our time as art therapy students: BIPOC Makespace and Sister Circle. We realized that our starting point does not always have to be in relation to whiteness, critiquing whiteness, or talking about our experiences in relation to oppression that has happened in our education. This paper is giving us the opportunity to choose our own starting point and material to investigate, putting Black knowledge, experience, and praxis at the center.
Ripple effect, driving branch, and economic development: case of the agro-food industry in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Coulibaly Noufou , Kone Siaka , Casimir Gboko Kouamé , Berte Kama , Yapi Yapo Magloire
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: In Côte d’Ivoire, agricultural development has been made possible by the Government strategy to support it through an industrialization-based policy. However, the agricultural sector is still facing many difficulties, despite significant investment efforts undertaken to turn the country into a significant agricultural and agro-food industry (AFI) products exporter on the international market. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the driving role of AFI branches in the Ivorian economy. We used Leontief’s model, coupled with Diamond’s model and Rasmussen’s indices, to assess the ripple effects, and identify the driving branch in the Ivorian economy. Data used are derived from the Input-Output Table (IOT) of the 2018 National Accounts produced by the Government and aggregated into 21 branches or subsectors. Our study showed that there is no outstanding driving branch in the economy. However, some branches are close to compliance with driving branch status. For a driving sector to emerge, the Government should invest in priority order in the following branches: Grain Processing and Starchy Product Manufacturing (GPSPM), Cocoa & Coffee Processing (CCP), Oilseed Industry (OI), Dairy Industry and Fruit & Vegetable Industry (DIFVI), Beverage Industry (BI), Tobacco Industry (TI). And currently, the country’s development strategy should be based primarily on these branches, because they are able to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of production system in the Agro-Food Industry (AFI) and, by extension, the economy.
Properties, bioactive potential and extraction processes of glycosaminoglycans: an overview
Authors: Balbinot-Alfaro Evellin , Rocha Meritaine da , Alfaro Alexandre da Trindade , Martins Vilásia Guimarães
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long-chain polysaccharides that are divided into sulphates and non-sulphates, these being chondroitin sulphate, heparan sulphate, dermatan sulphate, heparin sulphate and the only non-sulphate in the group is hyaluronic acid. GAGs are obtained from animal tissue and by an expensive low-yield extraction process; however, they are highly commercially valued polysaccharides and exploited in the biomedical market. Their disaccharidic composition, chain length and sulfation pattern present great variability depending on the species and extraction factors. GAGs possess immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antiproliferative and anticoagulant properties, functioning as therapeutic agents modulating an array of biological processes. This report presents the general aspects of each GAG, source and extraction process, in addition to the characteristics that give them the most varied therapeutic properties and pharmacological applications.
Principal component analysis on fatty acid composition of the meat deriving from calves, young bull and bull of Maremmana breed slaughtered at different age
Authors: Sargentini Clara , Tocci Roberto , Bonelli Antonio , Rondina Davide
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the performance at slaughtering of calves; young bull and bull of Maremmana breed, and compared, through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on fatty acid composition, the characteristics of the resulting meat categories: veal, young bull meat and bull meat. The Maremmana cattle is a local endangered breed deriving from Tuscany and Latium. The animals of this study were raised under same conditions in pasture with hay and concentrate supplementations. Eighteen calves of 12-14 months, 27 young bulls of 18 months and 14 bulls of 20-24 months were slaughtered in this trial. The performances at slaughtering were considered, and on the meat samples, the chemical analysis and the fatty acid composition were carried out. Results were submitted to ANOVA and PCA, and a Heat map that considered the fatty acid distances among meat typologies was built. Slaughtering performances were better in young bulls and bulls. Chemical composition didn’t differ among meat categories. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) were similar among meats, but Monounsaturated (MUFA) and Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower in veal. Desirable fatty acids and Healthy Indices were better in veal. The results of PCA and Heat map confirmed that veal was quite different from other meats. Maremmana meat deriving from animals of different age has shown overall good characteristics, suitable for the diet of western country population.
Círculos para la Paz, comunicación y cultura en Educación básica de Santa Cecilia, Guadalajara, Jalisco
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, NAVEJAS PADILLA Ramón , OROZCO TORRES Axel ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, RODRÍGUEZ GUERRERO Priscila
Published: April 2021

El presente documento muestra que el trabajar holístico con niños de educación básica desde la interdisciplinariedad es un aporte a las problemáticas de inseguridad y violencia. El campo de acción enfocado a la cultura de la paz con instrumentos informales en lo formal de una realidad, y sobre todo los mecanismos de comunicación como el dibujo y la entrevista, parte del proceso de la investigación acción, nos llevan a un trabajo para sensibilizar y fomentar la cultura de la paz con propuestas ajustadas a una realidad y contexto social, que puede ser un pilar para establecer estrategias a largo plazo para nuestras niñas y niños como actores de una cultura de paz.
Comunicación alternativa y comunitaria. La conformación del campo en Europa y el diálogo con América Latina
Authors:   Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, BARRANQUERO Alejandro , TRERÉ Emiliano ,   Universidad de Cardiff
Published: April 2021

En el siguiente artículo se hace un balance de la historia y actualidad del campo de la comunicación alternativa y comunitaria en el contexto europeo y estadounidense y se compara dicha tradición con los desarrollos latinoamericanos con el fin de establecer semejanzas y discontinuidades. Apoyados en un marco de investigación comparada y revisión crítica documental, señalamos la necesidad de tender puentes entre dichas comunidades académicas de cara a fortalecer el diálogo interdisciplinar e interregional.
Periodismo alternativo, alfabetización y co-construcción del imaginario social de la discapacidad en los juegos de Río 2016
Authors:   Observatorio Latinoamericano de Discapacidad y Comunicación - Obladic, MELÉNDEZ-LABRADOR Sandra
Published: April 2021

En esta investigación se analizó la manera como el periodismo alternativo presentó la relación deporte y discapacidad desde una perspectiva progresista, al tiempo que alentó una co-construcción de (auto) representaciones basadas en este modelo. A través de observación participante en los Juegos Paralímpicos de Río 2016 y el análisis textual de las noticias y entrevistas a todos los deportistas paralímpicos colombianos, se logró determinar que estos medios construyeron discursos sobre paralimpismo que rompieron los estereotipos centrados en la corporeidad y que se enfocaron en el alto rendimiento deportivo de los atletas. Se concluyó que este ejercicio periodístico, basado en un enfoque participativo y en la alfabetización del modelo progresista de representación mediática de la discapacidad, puede cumplir un papel transformador del imaginario social sobre las personas con diversidad funcional, consolidando nuevas narrativas e imágenes positivas, de empoderamiento e inclusión, que son consecuentes con la lucha por los derechos de esta población.
Heterogeneity of Thinking about Audiation in Terms of Scientific Exploration of the Status of Music Learning Theory by Edwin Elias Gordon
Authors: Kołodziejski Maciej
Published: April 2021

Taking into consideration the recent attempts made by scientific researchers to study the learning process as well as the process of learning music, it is assumed that both are subject to the same methodological rigour as the ones which originate from different backgrounds and subjects, espe- cially in the case of studies based upon quantitative strategy. There is a need for a thorough theo- retical analysis, which has been present in Polish educational market for over 20 years, of music learning theory by E.E. Gordon in terms of its functionality in research development. The author of the article outlines a thorough analysis of learning theory in terms of its scientific rationality, theo- retical and practical background. The author also conducts a selective description of its fundamental concepts in terms of undertaking research exploration. In these circumstances, the focus is placed upon projecting, conceptualisation and operationalisation of the attempts made by researchers in the subject of early school music education and widely understood music pedagogy.
Successful electrode insertion for spinal cord stimulation after balloon adhesiolysis in a patient with epidural adhesion - A case report -
Authors: Hyun Dong-Min , Park Chan-Hye , Kim Yujin , Choi Seong-Soo
Published: April 2021

Background: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) can be successfully performed using highly developed implantation techniques. However, anatomical barriers, such as epidural adhesion, may impede placing the electrode for SCS in an adequate position.Case: A 60-year-old woman who had SCS with an electrode at the T9-10 level removed because she had a wound infection at the back incision site. After the wound infection was completely resolved, we tried to re-insert the SCS electrode. However, it was difficult to advance it up to the T11 level due to epidural adhesion. We performed a combined epidural adhesiolysis using balloon decompression with an inflatable balloon catheter. After that, the SCS lead was successfully placed up to the T11 level, and implantation of SCS was performed.Conclusions: When a patient has epidural adhesion, an epidural adhesiolysis with an inflatable balloon catheter may help the insertion of the SCS electrode in the epidural space.
Features of the internal structure of high-pressure metal-diamond composites
Authors:   V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Ishutin Ilya , Chepurov Aleksei ,   V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Zhimulev Egor ,   V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk
Published: April 2021

In the present work, composites were obtained by sintering a metal-diamond charge at a pressure of 4 GPa and a temperature of 1300°C. the experiments were carried out on a high-pressure apparatus of the split sphere “bars” type. Synthetic microcrystals of industrial synthesis were used as a diamond. The initial metal component for the experiments was copper and iron. it was shown that when sintering at high pressure, diamond crystals are tightly packed in the composite, while the metal phase completely fills the intergranular space, acting as a matrix. chemical analysis of the metal component of the samples revealed the presence of the following phases: copper-iron alloy, iron oxide and iron carbide. the results obtained indicate that several processes occur simultaneously in the diamond-copper-iron-oxygen system at high pressures and temperatures, which can significantly affect the characteristics of the resulting composite as a whole.
Investigating physical model interface in the TCAD Sentaurus environment
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Kuznetsov Maksim , Kalinin Sergey ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Cherkaev Alexey ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Ostertak Dmitriy ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: April 2021

Currently, the application SDevice software package TCAD Sentaurus is a reliable tool for electrophysical simulation of silicon CMOS transistors operating in the temperature range of -60 °C – +125 °C. To adapt the modeling process to specific physical conditions of the devices, application SDevice has an extensive library of models of electrophysical parameters, in particular models of mobility or band gap energy. However, when the device operates under extreme cryogenic conditions, there is a need to rework these models using a special Physical Model Interface (PMI). The paper presents methodological features of work with PMI and results of implementation of custom parameter models for silicon devices.
High Throughput pre-analytical processing of wastewater settled solids for SARS-CoV-2 RNA analyses v1
Authors: Topol Aaron
Published: April 2021

This process instruction describes the steps for pre-analytical processing of primary settled solids from wastewater treatment plants for downstream nucleic acid purification and quantification. Previous research has demonstrated that enveloped viral particles, such as SARS-CoV-2, associate with the solids in wastewater. Therefore, concentrating the solids in the sample and removing the water concentrates the viral particles as well and increases the sensitivity of the assay. Bovine coronavirus vaccine (BCoV) is spiked into samples before nucleic acid extraction and serves as a process control as well as an indicator of PCR inhibition. The dry weight of the sample is determined to account for sample variability between different treatment plants and between samples collected on different days and allows for the final quantification to be normalized to the precise quantity of solids in the sample. A dry weight conversion factor to adjust for the final amount of solids in the quantified sample is determined by measuring the difference in mass between the “wet” dewatered solid and after the sample is dried at 110°C overnight. For long term storage, up to 50mL of the original primary settled solid sample is stored at 4°C and small aliquot of the dewatered solids is stored at -80°C. This process instruction applies to sample dewatering, BCoV control spike in, homogenization, dry weight measurement, aliquoting and storage.
Factors associated with admission to the intensive care unit and mortality in patients with COVID-19, Colombia v1
Authors: Enrique Machado-Alba Jorge , Fernando Valladales Restrepo Luis , E Machado Duque Manuel , Gaviria Mendoza Andres
Published: April 2021

Introduction:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected millions of people worldwide, and several sociodemographic variables, comorbidities and care variables have been associated with complications and mortality. Objective: To identify the factors associated with admission to intensive care units (ICUs) and mortality in patients with COVID-19 from 4 clinics in Colombia. Methods: This was a follow-up study of a cohort of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between March and August 2020. Sociodemographic, clinical (Charlson comorbidity index and NEWS 2 score) and pharmacological variables were identified. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify variables associated with the risk of admission to the ICU and death (p<0.05). Results: A total of 780 patients were analyzed, with a median age of 57.0 years; 61.2% were male. On admission, 54.9% were classified as severely ill, 65.3% were diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome, 32.4% were admitted to the ICU, and 26.0% died. The factors associated with a greater likelihood of ICU admission were severe pneumonia (OR: 9.86; 95%CI:5.99-16.23), each 1-point increase in the NEWS 2 score (OR:1.09; 95%CI:1.002-1.19), history of ischemic heart disease (OR:3.24; 95%CI:1.16-9.00), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR:2.07; 95%CI:1.09-3.90).The risk of dying increased in those older than 65 years (OR:3.08; 95%CI:1.66-5.71), in patients with acute renal failure (OR:6.96; 95%CI:4.41-11.78), admitted to the ICU (OR:6.31; 95%CI:3.63-10.95), and for each 1-point increase in the Charlson comorbidity index (OR:1.16; 95%CI:1.002-1.35). Conclusions:Factors related to increasing the probability of requiring ICU care or dying in patients with COVID-19 were identified, facilitating the development of anticipatory intervention measures that favor comprehensive care and improve patient prognosis.
F.T. Mikhailov: Appeal as a Cultural and Psychological Phenomenon
Authors: Kudryavtsev V.T.
Published: April 2021

The paper analyzes the concept of ‘appeal’, the introduction of which is related to one of the fundamental contributions of F.T. Mikhailov into philosophy and theoretical psychology. The historical and biographical contexts of F.T. Mikhailov is revealed, behind which stands the classical dialectical tradition of understanding man and his creation — culture. Long-term work in psychology and contacts with psychologists made it possible to implement this tradition in a new way in the course of comprehending the foundations of psychological knowledge within the framework of cultural-historical and activity approaches. From the point of view of F.T. Mikhailov, culture appears as a sphere of embodied appeals of people (human communities) to each other. The logic of these appeals is seen both as the process of creating culture in history and as its assimilation in the course of individual development. Individual appeal, aimed at ‘universal’ response, is at the heart of any human action. It is in the targeted streams of mutual appeals, ‘call-responses’ (not only verbal) expressing the people’s vital need of each other, that a human community is born within which people become the “natural organs of life”.
Mikhailov’s Concept of ‘Appeal’: Philosophical and Pedagogical Meaning
Authors: Voznyak V.S. , Konyk R.S.
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the philosophical and educational meaning of F.T. Mikhailov's concept of ‘appeal’. The appeal from within human subjectivity to the subjectivity of others (and thereby to oneself) in search of compassion, co-thinking and co-action is understood by the philosopher as a generative relation of an individual and his/her way of being, as all subjective qualities of a person. Thus, the emphasis is transferred from the externally determining factors to the subjective self, to its self-movement as causa sui. If appeal is a generative relation for the individual, then in the educational process, where individuals are elevated to the image of man, it is it that should dominate, and not the translation of knowledge, skills and abilities. Everything that is introduced into the context of communication between students should in one way or another appear in the form of appeals to living people, to students in the first place, and only then is it a culture proper. Culture in this eidos becomes the ‘third subject’ of the normal educational process which promotes the integral development of personality.
The Ontology of Symbolic Reality in the Philosophy of F.T. Mikhailov
Authors: Sorvin K.V. , Mert A.
Published: April 2021

This paper addresses one of the main topics of the works of the famous Russian philosopher F.T. Mikhailov aimed at overcoming the oversimplified conception of the relation between the biological and the social origins of human being, in the context of the methodological problems in the social sciences that have characteristic representations of the transcendence of society over individual. It is shown that the solution proposed by the philosopher was related to the revision of the dominant notions about the ground of the subject-subject unity and the ontology of the symbolic objects that provide this unity. In particular, the disintegration of the ‘activity approach’ in psychology into the concepts of A.N. Leontyev and S.L. Rubinstein, that are called by Mikhailov ‘antinomical’, is associated with the limited reliance on the methodological traditions of Spinozism, in which there was no idea about the reflexive type of subject-subject relation as opposed to the methodology of "late Fichte", with his characteristic position on the initial identity based on multiple selves. It is argued that the most adequate categories for description of the ontological connections between the ideal content and the material form in symbolic objects that provide such an identity can be found in Hegel's aesthetic works.
The Problem of Reflection in the Definition of Self
Authors: Sukhanov V.N.
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the problem of reflection in the definition of personality in the context of the works of G.V.F. Hegel, I.G. Fichte, and F. T. Mikhailov. The identity of the origins of science and the origins of personality is revealed through the study of human activity. A historical excursion is conducted with an analysis of the discussion between L.S. Vygotsky and J. Piaget presented in the book «Thinking and Speech». It is shown that it was necessary for F.T. Mikhailov to refer to the Paleolithic era in his study of the essential human ability to perform appropriate self-regulated actions. The article reveals the connection between productive imagination and self-reflection. A critique of the reflection of everyday consciousness is given. The article shows the significance of Kant's third Antinomy of pure reason, which a person always faces when approaching the solution of his own Self. The article also explores the rationale for the development of human creative abilities. It outlines the role of E.V. Ilyenkov’s philosophical concept of the ideal in understanding the nature of the human Self. The points of coincidence of ontogeny and phylogeny in the formation of personality are defined. The article concludes that the social nature of the individual depends on the reflective attitude in the process of object-transformative activity. The issue of subjective understanding of reality through practice is considered.
Collecting as an Element of Subculture in Modern Preschoolers
Authors: Klopotova E.E. , Zlobina T.D.
Published: April 2021

The article discusses collecting as an element of children’s subculture and its specifics in the life of modern preschoolers. The results obtained from interviews with 160 preschoolers of different ages, parents and educators are presented. The data suggests that collecting is an important activity at preschool age. We identify the priorities in the content of children's collections in different preschool ages; describe the modern phenomena of collecting in a virtual space and online collecting; explore the formation of children's independence within this type of activity; and reveal the functions of collecting at preschool age. It is shown that at preschool age collecting becomes an increasingly independent activity and even acquires the form of a cultural activity, as in its content that reflects existing cultural values, as in its functions that reflect social orientation. Basing on the analysis of the obtained data, we conclude that supporting the child’s cognitive orientation and independence at preschool age through collecting may contribute to his/her development and open up new possibilities for communicative interaction.
Scientific Contribution of Professor T.I. Tepenitsina in the Development of the Moscow School of Psychology
Authors: Prokhorov R.E.
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the scientific activities of a prominent clinical psychologist, methodologist, professor T.I. Tepenitsyna. The main scientific interests of the scientist are highlighted, including the problems of studying thinking, attention, issues of professional selection and vocational guidance, clinical study and psychocorrection of school-age children. Long-term teaching work in various pedagogical universities is shown in a brief review of publications on the organization of training students in psychological disciplines and teaching practice.
Nonlinear Site Effects from the 30 November 2018 Anchorage, Alaska, Earthquake
Authors: Thornley John D. , Dutta Utpal , Douglas John , Yang Zhaohui (Joey)
Published: April 2021

Anchorage, Alaska, is a natural laboratory for recording strong ground motions from a variety of earthquake sources. The city is situated in a tectonic region that includes the interface and intraslab earthquakes related to the subducting Pacific plate and crustal earthquakes from the upper North American plate. The generalized inversion technique was used with a local rock reference station to develop site response at >20 strong-motion stations in Anchorage. A database of 94 events recorded at these sites from 2005 to 2019 was also compiled and processed to compare their site response with those in the 2018 Mw 7.1 event (main event). The database is divided into three datasets, including 75 events prior to the main event, the main event, and 19 aftershocks. The stations were subdivided into the site classes defined in the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program based on estimated average shear-wave velocity in of the upper 30 m (VS30), and site-response results from the datasets were compared. Nonlinear site response was observed at class D and DE sites (VS30 of 215–300 and 150–215  m/s, respectively) but not at class CD and C sites (VS30 of 300–440 and 440–640  m/s, respectively). The relationship of peak ground acceleration versus peak ground velocity divided by VS30 (shear-strain proxy) was shown to further support the observation that sites with lower VS30 experienced nonlinear site response.
First data on testate amoebae in speleothems of caves in igneous rocks
Authors: González López Laura , Vidal Romaní Juan Ramón , López Galindo María José , Vaqueiro Rodríguez Marcos , Sanjurjo Sánchez Jorge
Published: April 2021

The testate amoebae form part of the habitual troglobios in caves developed in igneous rocks (plutonic and volcanic) where the little light, the persistence of humidity, the availability of silica and organic matter allow these protozoa to develop their biological cycle. This work presents a first inventory of species of amoebae testate identified in caves in igneous rocks from different parts of the World.