bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A randomized trial of artesunate‐amodiaquine versus artemether‐lumefantrine for the treatment of acute uncomplicated malaria in pregnancy
Authors: Ukah Marcel , Badejoko Olusegun , Ogunniyi Solomon , Loto Olabisi , Aboderin Oladiipo , Fatusi Adesegun
Published: July 2015

Objective

To compare the artesunate‐amodiaquine and artemether‐lumefantrine combinations in the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria during pregnancy.

Methods

Between January and July, 2013, a double‐blind randomized trial was undertaken of symptomatic pregnant women (second/third trimester) with malaria parasitemia who attended a center in Ile‐Ife, Nigeria. Participants were assigned to receive artesunate‐amodiaquine or artemether‐lumefantrine (twice daily on days 1–3) according to a computer‐generated randomization sequence. Participants and investigators were masked to group allocation. Clinical evaluations and malaria parasite counts were performed at baseline and on days 2, 3, 7, and 28. Mean interval to symptomatic relief, day‐3 parasite clearance, day‐28 cure rate, and adverse effects were assessed.

Results

Of 75 women assigned to each group, 65 in the artesunate‐amodiaquine group and 71 in the artemether‐lumefantrine group completed the study. No significant differences between the artesunate‐amodiaquine and artemether‐lumefantrine groups were recorded for mean interval to symptomatic relief (2.2 ± 1.0 days vs 2.0 ± 0.8 days; P = 0.090), day‐3 parasite clearance (58/65 [89.2%] vs 66/71 [93.0%]; P = 0.444), and day‐28 cure rate (64/65 [98.5%] vs 67/71 [94.4%]; P = 0.138). Adverse effects (body weakness and pruritus) were more common among women assigned to artesunate‐amodiaquine (30/75 [40.0%]) than among those assigned to artemether‐lumefantrine (2/75 [2.7%]; P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Efficacies of the regimens are similar among pregnant women. However, adverse effects are more common with artesunate‐amodiaquine.

Pan‐African Clinical Trial Registry: PACTR201310000484185.
Consumer mindsets and self‐enhancement: Signaling versus learning
Authors: Mathur Pragya , Chun HaeEun Helen , Maheswaran Durairaj
Published: July 2015

The mindset framework and its downstream effects provide exciting new opportunities to explore one of the powerful drivers of consumer and organizational behavior. To advance discussions on the concept and applications of mindsets in consumer research and in the marketplace, we (1) provide conceptual and contextual clarity into the signaling mechanism and the process/outcome focus by identifying relevant and meaningful consumer contexts, (2) consider the unique theoretical contributions implicit theory may make to the field of consumer psychology, and (3) suggest potential solutions for important methodological challenges researchers and practitioners may face when implementing the mindsets framework. Finally, we (4) highlight the managerial and organizational relevance of mindsets.
When and why we forget to buy
Authors: Fernandes Daniel , Puntoni Stefano , van Osselaer Stijn M.J. , Cowley Elizabeth
Published: July 2015

We examine consumers' forgetting to buy items they intended to buy. We show that the propensity to forget depends on the types of items consumers intend to purchase and the way consumers shop. Consumers may shop using a memory‐based search by recalling their planned purchases from memory and directly searching for the products. For example, consumers may use the search function at an online store. Alternatively, consumers may use a stimulus‐based search by systematically moving through a store, visually scanning the inventory and selecting the required items as they are encountered. Using an online shopping paradigm, we show that consumers are more likely to forget the items they infrequently buy when using the memory‐based search, but not when using the stimulus‐based search. In fact, when using the stimulus‐based search, consumers are sometimes even better able to remember the items they infrequently (vs. frequently) buy. Moreover, consumers fail to take these factors into account when predicting their memory. As a result, they do not take appropriate actions to prevent forgetting (e.g., using a shopping list).
To do or to have, now or later? The preferred consumption profiles of material and experiential purchases
Authors: Kumar Amit , Gilovich Thomas
Published: July 2015

Extending previous research on the hedonic benefits of spending money on doing rather than having, this paper investigates when people prefer to consume experiential and material purchases. We contend that the preferred timing of consumption tends to be more immediate for things (like clothing and gadgets) than for experiences (like vacations and meals out). First, we examine whether consumers exhibit a stronger preference to delay consumption of experiential purchases compared to material goods. When asked to make choices about their optimal consumption times, people exhibit a relative preference to have now and do later. In the next set of studies, we found that this difference in preferred consumption led participants to opt for a lesser material item now over a superior item later, but to wait for a superior experiential purchase rather than settle for a lesser experience now. This tendency is due to the fact that consumers derive more utility from waiting for experiences than from waiting for possessions. Finally, we provide evidence that these preferences affect people's real‐world decisions about when to consume.
The median split: Robust, refined, and revived
Authors: Iacobucci Dawn , Posavac Steven S. , Kardes Frank R. , Schneider Matthew J. , Popovich Deidre L.
Published: July 2015

In this rebuttal, we discuss the comments of Rucker, McShane, and Preacher (2015) and McClelland, Lynch, Irwin, Spiller, and Fitzsimons (2015). Both commentaries raise interesting points, and although both teams clearly put a lot of work into their papers, the bottom line is this: our research sets the record straight that median splits are perfectly acceptable to use when independent variables are uncorrelated. The commentaries do a good job of furthering the discussion to help readers better develop their own preferences, which was the purpose of our paper. In the final analysis, neither of the commentaries pose any threat to our findings of the statistical robustness and valid use of median splits, and accordingly we can reassure researchers (and reviewers and journal editors) that they can be confident that when independent variables are uncorrelated, it is totally acceptable to conduct median split analyses.
We are where we eat: How consumption contexts induce (un)healthful eating for stigmatized overweight consumers
Authors: Sinha Jayati
Published: July 2015

Increasing obesity rates and public stigmatization of overweight individuals have drawn attention to the need to identify factors that influence consumers' choices to eat healthful or unhealthful foods. The authors of this paper conduct three empirical studies (using stigma manipulation in studies 1 and 2) to test when and why stigmatized overweight consumers are likely to eat more (un)healthful foods. The results suggest that stigmatized overweight individuals consume more calories from healthful foods in public contexts to repair their social identity, but consume more calories from unhealthful foods in private contexts to repair their affect. Consequently, stigmatized overweight consumers end up eating more calories altogether regardless of consumption contexts. The findings are important for marketers and policymakers to improve overall health and wellbeing, especially for overweight consumers.
Sustainable evaluation and verification in supply chains: Aligning and leveraging accountability to stakeholders
Authors: Gualandris Jury , Klassen Robert D. , Vachon Stephan , Kalchschmidt Matteo
Published: July 2015

Managers are being challenged by multiple (and diverse) stakeholders, which have variety of expectations and informational needs about their firm’s supply chains. Collectively, these expectations and needs form a multi‐faceted view of stakeholder accountability, namely the extent to which a firm justifies behaviors and actions across its extended supply chain to stakeholders. To date, sustainable supply chain management research has largely focused on monitoring as a self‐managed set of narrowly defined evaluative activities employed by firms to provide stakeholder accountability. Nevertheless, evidence is emerging that firms have developed a wide variety of monitoring systems in order to align with stakeholders’ expectations and leverage accountability to stakeholders. Drawing from the accounting literature, we synthesize a model that proposes how firms might address accountability for sustainability issues in their supply chain. At its core, the construct of sustainable evaluation and verification (SEV) captures three interrelated dimensions: inclusivity, scope, and disclosure. These dimensions characterize how supply chain processes might identify key measures, collect and process data, and finally, verify materiality, reliability and accuracy of any data and resulting information. As a result, the concept of monitoring is significantly extended, while also considering how different stakeholders can play diverse, active roles as metrics are established, audits are conducted, and information is validated. Also, several antecedents of SEV systems are explored. Finally, the means by which an SEV system can create a competitive advantage are investigated.
Assessment of intra‐interobserver reliability of the sonographic optic nerve sheath diameter measurement
Authors: Cimilli Ozturk Tuba , Demir Hasan , Yorulmaz Rasim , Ozdemir Serdar , Isat Gokhan , Ecmel Onur Ozge
Published: July 2015

Diagnosis and measuring the level of increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) is critical, especially for the management of trauma patients in the emergency department and intensive care unit. However, measurements are operator‐dependent as in all of the sonographic diagnoses. The aim of this study is to assess the operator variations in the measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). There were four emergency medicine specialists involved in the study. Each had at least 1 year of experience of ultrasound scans and performed at least 25 prior ocular scans examining the ONSD. Two measurements were made 1 week apart from both axial and longitudinal planes. Sixty healthy adults were involved in the study and every investigator obtained four measurements from each. Intra‐interobserver reliabilities were tested. The investigators performed 60 ocular ultrasounds on individual healthy adults and obtained two measurements in axial and longitudinal planes 1 week apart. Therefore, 960 measurements were analyzed. The levels of compatibilities for most of the measurements were found at acceptable levels statistically. However, it is not possible to say that there was a perfect compatibility among the sonographers according to the previously conducted reliability studies of ultrasound measurements. According to our results, it is hard to say that sonographic measurement of the ONSD is a highly reliable method both in longitudinal and transverse planes.
Ubiquitin specific protease 4 positively regulates the WNT/β‐catenin signaling in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yun Sun-Il , Kim Hyeon Ho , Yoon Jung Hwan , Park Won Sang , Hahn Myong-Joon , Kim Hee Cheol , Chung Chin Ha , Kim Kyeong Kyu
Published: July 2015

β‐catenin is a key signal transducer in the canonical WNT pathway and is negatively regulated by ubiquitin‐dependent proteolysis. Through screening of various deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), we identified ubiquitin specific protease 4 (USP4) as a candidate for β‐catenin‐specific DUB. The effects of USP4 overexpression or knockdown suggested that USP4 positively controls the stability of β‐catenin and enhances β‐catenin‐regulated transcription. Domain mapping results revealed that the C‐terminal catalytic domain is responsible for β‐catenin binding and nuclear transport. Examination of colon cancer tissues from patients revealed a correlation between elevated expression levels of USP4 and β‐catenin. Consistent with this correlation, USP4 knockdown in HCT116, a colon cancer cell line, reduced invasion and migration activity. These observations indicate that USP4 acts as a positive regulator of the WNT/β‐catenin pathway by deubiquitination and facilitates nuclear localization of β‐catenin. Therefore, we propose that USP4 is a potential target for anti‐cancer therapeutics.
ERBB3 is required for tumor promotion in a mouse model of skin carcinogenesis
Authors: Dahlhoff Maik , Schäfer Matthias , Muzumdar Sukalp , Rose Christian , Schneider Marlon R.
Published: July 2015

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a key role in skin inflammation, wound healing, and carcinogenesis. Less is known about the functions of the structurally related receptor ERBB3 (HER3) in the skin. We assessed the requirement of ERBB3 for skin homeostasis, wound healing, and tumorigenesis by crossing mice carrying a conditional Erbb3 allele with animals expressing cre under the control of the keratin 5 promoter. Erbb3del mice, lacking ERBB3 specifically in keratinocytes, showed no obvious abnormalities. The EGFR was upregulated in Erbb3del skin, possibly compensating the loss of ERBB3. Nonetheless, healing of full‐thickness excisional wounds was negatively affected by ERBB3 deficiency. To analyze the function of ERBB3 during tumorigenesis, we employed the established DMBA/TPA multi‐stage chemical carcinogenesis protocol. Erbb3del mice remained free of papillomas for a longer time and had significantly reduced tumor burden compared to control littermates. Tumor cell proliferation was considerably reduced in Erbb3del mice, and loss of ERBB3 also impaired keratinocyte proliferation after a single application of TPA. In human skin tumor samples, upregulated ERBB3 expression was observed in squamous cell carcinoma, condyloma, and malignant melanoma. Thus, we conclude that ERBB3, while dispensable for the development and the homeostasis of the epidermis and its appendages, is required for proper wound healing and for the progression of skin tumors during multi‐stage chemical carcinogenesis in mice. ERBB3 may also be important for human skin cancer progression. The latter effects most probably reflect a key role for ERBB3 in increasing cell proliferation after stimuli as wounding or carcinogenesis.
The Trial of the Templars
Authors: Barber Malcolm
Published: July 2015

The Templars fought against Islam in the crusader east for nearly two centuries. During that time the original small band grew into a formidable army, backed by an extensive network of preceptories in the Latin West. In October 1307, the members of this seemingly invulnerable and respected Order were arrested on the orders of Philip IV, King of France and charged with serious heresies, including the denial of Christ, homosexuality and idol worship. The ensuing proceedings lasted for almost five years and culminated in the suppression of the Order. The motivations of the participants and the long-term repercussions of the trial have been the subject of intense and unresolved controversy, which still has resonances in our own time. In this new edition of his classic account, Malcolm Barber discusses the trial in the context of new work on the crusades, heresy, the papacy and the French monarchy.
Portraits of “the Whiteman”
Authors: Basso Keith H.
Published: July 2015

'The Whiteman' is one of the most powerful and pervasive symbols in contemporary American Indian cultures. Portraits of 'the Whiteman': linguistic play and cultural symbols among the Western Apache investigates a complex form of joking in which Apaches stage carefully crafted imitations of Anglo-Americans and, by means of these characterizations, give audible voice and visible substance to their conceptions of this most pressing of social 'problems'. Keith Basso's essay, based on linguistic and ethnographic materials collected in Cibecue, a Western Apache community, provides interpretations of selected joking encounters to demonstrate how Apaches go about making sense of the behaviour of Anglo-Americans. This study draws on theory in symbolic anthropology, sociolinguistics, and the dramaturgical model of human communication developed by Erving Goffman. Although the assumptions and premises that shape these areas of inquiry are held by some to be quite disparate, this analysis shows them to be fully compatible and mutually complementary.
States Against Migrants
Authors: Ellermann Antje
Published: July 2015

In this comparative study of the contemporary politics of deportation in Germany and the United States, Antje Ellermann analyzes the capacity of the liberal democratic state to control individuals within its borders. The book grapples with the question of why, in the 1990s, Germany responded to vociferous public demands for stricter immigration control by passing and implementing far-reaching policy reforms, while the United States failed to effectively respond to a comparable public mandate. Drawing on extensive field interviews, Ellermann finds that these crossnational differences reflect institutionally determined variations in socially coercive state capacity. By tracing the politics of deportation across the evolution of the policy cycle, beginning with anti-immigrant populist backlash and ending in the expulsion of migrants by deportation bureaucrats, Ellermann is also able to show that the conditions underlying state capacity systematically vary across policy stages.
The Real Chimpanzee
Authors: Boesch Christophe
Published: July 2015

The Real Chimpanzee encapsulates the fascinating behaviour of wild chimpanzees and discusses the differences observed in different populations across the species, and across the many levels of their social behaviour. It explains why sex competition and predation pressures in a forest chimpanzee population made the females of the group highly social and gave the males a high level of within-group solidarity, making them very xenophobic towards outsiders. Love is what makes war possible. Christophe Boesch brings back to the table the debate over ecological pressures and social organization, and the influence they have over issues such as the evolution of warfare, co-operation, altruism and the position of females. Written in an accessible style for a general audience as well as for undergraduate and graduate students, he presents insightful views to give readers the background information to understand the struggle for survival of our closest living relative, the chimpanzee, and through this to find some keys to the ever-so-intriguing question of what makes us human.
How Modernity Forgets
Authors: Connerton Paul
Published: July 2015

Why are we sometimes unable to remember events, places and objects? This concise overview explores the concept of 'forgetting', and how modern society affects our ability to remember things. It takes ideas from Francis Yates classic work, The Art of Memory, which viewed memory as being dependent on stability, and argues that today's world is full of change, making 'forgetting' characteristic of contemporary society. We live our lives at great speed; cities have become so enormous that they are unmemorable; consumerism has become disconnected from the labour process; urban architecture has a short life-span; and social relationships are less clearly defined - all of which has eroded the foundations on which we build and share our memories. Providing a profound insight into the effects of modern society, this book is a must-read for anthropologists, sociologists, psychologists and philosophers, as well as anyone interested in social theory and the contemporary western world.
The Works of John Ruskin
Authors: Ruskin John
Published: July 2015

The influence of John Ruskin (1819–1900), both on his own time and on artistic and social developments in the twentieth century, cannot be over-stated. He changed Victorian perceptions of art, and was the main influence behind 'Gothic revival' architecture. As a social critic, he argued for the improvement of the condition of the poor, and against the increasing mechanisation of work in factories, which he believed was dull and soul-destroying. The thirty-nine volumes of the Library Edition of his works, published between 1903 and 1912, are themselves a remarkable achievement, in which his books and essays – almost all highly illustrated – are given a biographical and critical context in extended introductory essays and in the 'Minor Ruskiniana' – extracts from letters, articles and reminiscences both by and about Ruskin. Volume 27, in two parts, contains the first three volumes of Fors Clavigera.
Zeus
Authors: Cook A. B.
Published: July 2015

The renowned classical scholar and archaeologist A. B. Cook (1868–1952) published the final volume of his monumental Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion in 1940. Part I, which contains the main body of text for the volume, weaves together archaeological, artistic and ancient literary evidence to explore the concept of Zeus as a weather-god - the god of earthquakes, clouds, wind, dew, rain and meteorites. In this final volume Cook draws together his conclusions on the major theme spanning all three volumes: Zeus as god of the sky. This sumptuous work, encyclopaedic in its breath, is a treasure-trove of primary texts, epigraph material and archaeological data. It contains hundreds of illustrations, including images of pottery, statues, friezes and ancient coins and the most important literary sources, both Greek and Latin, are quoted in full. It is an indispensable tool for students and scholars of classics, mythology and ancient religion.
Elements of Quaternions
Authors: Hamilton William Rowan
Published: July 2015

Sir William Rowan Hamilton (1805–65) was a distinguished Irish mathematician who worked in the fields of classical mechanics, optics and algebra, as well as in physics and astronomy. Hamilton was the discoverer of quaternions, which are defined as a non-commutative number system which extends the complex numbers. He first described them in 1843, and devoted much of his subsequent life to studying and lecturing on the concept. This book was published posthumously in 1866, with the final editing by his son. Until they were replaced, from the mid–1880s, by vector analysis, quaternions were taught as a major topic in advanced mathematics at most universities, and their utility in describing spatial relations has led to a revival of interest in them since the late twentieth century.
Fasti Romani
Authors: Clinton Henry Fynes
Published: July 2015

Henry Fynes Clinton (1781–1852) made an innovative contribution to classical scholarship with this history of the Roman Empire, published in two volumes in 1845 and 1850. Applying a scientific method of analysis to the study of ancient history, he organises the information chronologically in tables, demonstrating the connection between different spheres at various phases of development of the empire. Volume 1 lists the Roman Consuls and the events that took place under their mandate, including significant Greek and Roman literary and cultural achievements. Among Clinton's sources were chronicles, law codes, medals and coins, and classic literature, covering a period of over five hundred years. Beginning with the death of Augustus in 14 CE, this volume ends in 578 CE, a century after the conventional date of the empire's fall. An index to the tables gives the reader a chronological overview which is still of great value today.
The Works of John Ruskin
Authors: Ruskin John
Published: July 2015

The influence of John Ruskin (1819–1900), both on his own time and on artistic and social developments in the twentieth century, cannot be over-stated. He changed Victorian perceptions of art, and was the main influence behind 'Gothic revival' architecture. As a social critic, he argued for the improvement of the condition of the poor, and against the increasing mechanisation of work in factories, which he believed was dull and soul-destroying. The thirty-nine volumes of the Library Edition of his works, published between 1903 and 1912, are themselves a remarkable achievement, in which his books and essays – almost all highly illustrated – are given a biographical and critical context in extended introductory essays and in the 'Minor Ruskiniana' – extracts from letters, articles and reminiscences by and about Ruskin. This thirty-fifth volume, in two parts, contains Praeterita, Ruskin's autobiography, and Dilecta, his own published selection of his letters.
T. Macci Plauti Comoediae
Authors: Plautus Titus Maccius
Published: July 2015

The foundation for the modern study of Titus Maccius Plautus rests on this monumental four-volume edition, begun by the eminent German philologist Friedrich Ritschl and completed by his colleagues Gustav Loewe, Georg Goetz, and Fritz Schöll. Scrupulously edited from existing manuscripts, including the famed Ambrosian palimpsest, this edition offers valuable insights into the metrics, literary and historical contexts, and textual history of the Latin comedic playwright. Volume 3 (1886–1889) contains editions of Bacchides, Captivi, Rudens, Pseudolus, and Menaechmi. Each play is provided with a thorough preface, analysing the work's structures and themes and explaining its reconstruction from manuscript. A central contribution to the study of Plautine drama, Ritschl's Comoediae is also a remarkable achievement of textual criticism, a model of nineteenth-century philology at its most ambitious.
T. Macci Plauti Comoediae
Authors: Plautus Titus Maccius
Published: July 2015

The foundation for the modern study of Titus Maccius Plautus rests on this monumental four-volume edition, begun by the eminent German philologist Friedrich Ritschl and completed by his colleagues Gustav Loewe, Georg Goetz, and Fritz Schöll. Scrupulously edited from existing manuscripts, including the famed Ambrosian palimpsest, this edition offers valuable insights into the metrics, literary and historical contexts, and textual history of the Latin comedic playwright. Volume 4 (1890–1894) contains editions of Casina, Miles Gloriosus, Persa, Mostellaria, Cistellaria, and various fragments. Each play is provided with a thorough preface, analysing the work's structures and themes and explaining its reconstruction from manuscript. A central contribution to the study of Plautine drama, Ritschl's Comoediae is also a remarkable achievement of textual criticism, a model of nineteenth-century philology at its most ambitious.
Zeus
Authors: Cook A. B.
Published: July 2015

The renowned classical scholar and archaeologist A. B. Cook (1868–1952) published the second volume of his monumental Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion in two parts in 1925. Part I, containing the main text of the study, surveys the theme of Zeus as god of lightning and thunder, an idea that became common during the classical period. Weaving together archaeological, artistic and ancient literary evidence, Cook investigates in detail the concept of the 'Diosemia' or the Zeus-sign; the ideas of the Zeus-struck man, the heavenly road of Zeus and Greek sky-pillars; the relationship between Zeus and Dionysus; and the role of the shrine at Delphi (usually associated with Apollo) in Zeus worship. This sumptuous work is a treasure of primary texts, epigraph material and archaeological data. It contains hundreds of illustrations, and is an indispensable tool for students of classics, mythology and ancient religion.
History of Europe during the French Revolution
Authors: Alison Archibald
Published: July 2015

Archibald Alison (1792–1867) was a Scottish historian with a particular interest in the French Revolution. He wrote from a deeply conservative standpoint and was a fierce opponent of the 1832 Reform Act. Although mocked by Disraeli in Coningsby as 'Mr Wordy', he wrote works which became bestsellers in the nineteenth century. This ten-volume History of Europe during the French Revolution, published between 1833 and 1842, regarded the French Revolution as the origin of all that was wrong with modern Europe. Alison feared that while Britain had escaped revolution in 1789, democratic reform could still lead to anarchy, as in the French July Revolution of 1830. Although criticised by Acton and J. S. Mill for his methodology, Alison has more recently been studied by scholars for insights into nineteenth-century historiography. Volume 10 covers the final eighteen months of the Napoleonic Wars, and offers Alison's concluding remarks.
Typographia
Authors: Hansard Thomas Curson
Published: July 2015

T. C. Hansard (1776–1833) succeeded his father Luke as parliamentary printer. His fascination with the art of printing led to the publication of Typographia in 1825. This monumental study of the history and practice of printing is an important source for historians of printing, and is very clearly written. It is aimed both at young printers and at amateurs, and explains all the different aspects of running a printing business. Hansard acknowledges his debt to earlier writers such as Moxon and Stower, and to the unpublished papers of Earl Stanhope (1753–1816) who did much to modernise printing techniques. The book is particularly valuable for its discussion of recent developments in print technology and lithography, and for details about the business and financial side of printing. Part 1 contains the historical background and details of type-founding and fonts. Part 2 contains details of printing machinery, organisation, and lithography.
Papers on Iron and Steel, Practical and Experimental
Authors: Mushet David
Published: July 2015

David Mushet (1772–1847) was a self-taught Scottish metallurgist, who experimented with the making of iron and steel while working as an accountant for a foundry, and soon became an acknowledged authority on the subject. In 1800 he patented a method to make cast steel from wrought iron. His discovery that the previously ignored black-band ironstone could be used without additional coal to economically manufacture iron transformed the Scottish iron industry. Moving to England he was connected with several foundries where he continued his research, patenting a method of making refined iron in the blast furnace. He became a managing director of the British Iron Company, and was involved in collieries, railway and canal companies. Mushet was a pioneer in technical writing, publishing many papers in the Philosophical Magazine. This two-volume collection was published in 1840, and includes analytical data on many coals and their coking properties.
How We Get Along
Authors: Velleman J. David
Published: July 2015

In How We Get Along, philosopher David Velleman compares our social interactions to the interactions among improvisational actors on stage. He argues that we play ourselves - not artificially but authentically, by doing what would make sense coming from us as we really are. And, like improvisational actors, we deal with one another in dual capacities: both as characters within the social drama and as players contributing to the shared performance.
In this conception of social intercourse, Velleman finds rational grounds for morality, though not a rational guarantee. He maps a middle course between skepticism and rationalism, arguing that practical reasoning is 'pro-moral' without requiring moral action. The result is what he calls a 'Kinda Kantian metaethics'. How We Get Along is the summation of Velleman's thinking to date, incorporating and unifying previous work on agency, the self, the emotions, narrative and Kantian moral theory.
Bronze Age Eleusis and the Origins of the Eleusinian Mysteries
Authors: Cosmopoulos Michael B.
Published: July 2015

For more than one thousand years, people from every corner of the Greco-Roman world sought the hope for a blessed afterlife through initiation into the Mysteries of Demeter and Kore at Eleusis. In antiquity itself and in our memory of antiquity, the Eleusinian Mysteries stand out as the oldest and most venerable mystery cult. Despite the tremendous popularity of the Eleusinian Mysteries, their origins are unknown. Because they are lost in an era without written records, they can only be reconstructed with the help of archaeology. This book provides a much-needed synthesis of the archaeology of Eleusis during the Bronze Age and reconstructs the formation and early development of the Eleusinian Mysteries. The discussion of the origins of the Eleusinian Mysteries is complemented with discussions of the theology of Demeter and an update on the state of research in the archaeology of Eleusis from the Bronze Age to the end of antiquity.
Analytic Pattern Matching
Authors: Jacquet Philippe , Szpankowski Wojciech
Published: July 2015

How do you distinguish a cat from a dog by their DNA? Did Shakespeare really write all of his plays? Pattern matching techniques can offer answers to these questions and to many others, from molecular biology, to telecommunications, to classifying Twitter content. This book for researchers and graduate students demonstrates the probabilistic approach to pattern matching, which predicts the performance of pattern matching algorithms with very high precision using analytic combinatorics and analytic information theory. Part I compiles known results of pattern matching problems via analytic methods. Part II focuses on applications to various data structures on words, such as digital trees, suffix trees, string complexity and string-based data compression. The authors use results and techniques from Part I and also introduce new methodology such as the Mellin transform and analytic depoissonization. More than 100 end-of-chapter problems help the reader to make the link between theory and practice.
Über die Überreste der Altbabylonischen Literatur in Arabischen Übersetzungen
Authors: Khvolson Daniil Avraamovich
Published: July 2015

Daniel Chwolson (or Khvolson) was born in Vilna in 1819 and educated for the rabbinate. He attended universities in Breslau (Wroclaw) and Leipzig and became a professor of Oriental Studies in St Petersburg in 1855. This important monograph, originally published in German in 1859, was a milestone in the scholarly understanding of the ancient Near East. Chwolson argued, controversially, for the existence of a highly developed civilisation in Babylon long before the rise of the Greeks. His hypothesis was based on Arabic texts, preserved in several manuscripts, which the Muslim author (working in the early tenth century C.E.) claimed to have translated from ancient sources. In this volume Chwolson discusses three complete texts (a 1300-page treatise on agriculture, a medical work on poisons, and an astrological work) and a number of fragments. For each text, he considers the date and context of its composition, its authorship and its content.
Beyond the Band of Brothers
Authors: MacKenzie Megan
Published: July 2015

Women can't fight. This assumption lies at the heart of the combat exclusion, a policy that was fiercely defended as essential to national security, despite evidence that women have been contributing to hostile operations now and throughout history. This book examines the role of women in the US military and the key arguments used to justify the combat exclusion, in the light of the decision to reverse the policy in 2013. Megan MacKenzie considers the historic role of the combat exclusion in shaping American military identity and debunks claims that the recent policy change signals a new era for women in the military. MacKenzie shows how women's exclusion from combat reaffirms male supremacy in the military and sustains a key military myth, the myth of the band of brothers. This book will be welcomed by scholars and students of military studies, gender studies, social and military history, and foreign policy.
Industrial Crystallization
Authors: Lewis Alison , Seckler Marcelo , Kramer Herman , van Rosmalen Gerda
Published: July 2015

Bridging the gap between theory and practice, this text provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of industrial crystallization. Newcomers will learn all of the most important topics in industrial crystallization, from key concepts and basic theory to industrial practices. Topics covered include the characterization of a crystalline product and the basic process design for crystallization, as well as batch crystallization, measurement techniques, and details on precipitation, melt crystallization and polymorphism. Each chapter begins with an introduction explaining the importance of the topic, and is supported by homework problems and worked examples. Real world case studies are also provided, as well as new industry-relevant information, making this is an ideal resource for industry practitioners, students, and researchers in the fields of industrial crystallization, separation processes, particle synthesis, and particle technology.
Troubleshooting and Problem-Solving in the IVF Laboratory
Authors: Elder Kay , Van den Bergh Marc , Woodward Bryan
Published: July 2015

Maintaining consistent and reliably high success rates is a daily challenge for every IVF laboratory. This step-by-step guide is an essential aid in navigating the complex maze of physical, chemical, biological, and logistic parameters that underpin successful gamete and embryo culture: temperature, pH, osmolality, gas supplies, air quality, light exposure, infections, managing supplies, personnel, as well as overall quality control. Numerous real-life troubleshooting case reports are presented, identifying all aspects necessary for troubleshooting. Process maps and flow charts accompanying each chapter offer a logical and systematic approach to problem solving in the laboratory. This is an essential resource for scientists in assisted reproductive technology and specialists in reproductive biology and medicine, helping IVF clinics to achieve the dream of every infertile couple: the birth of a healthy child.
Observations on the Topography of the Plain of Troy
Authors: Rennell James
Published: July 2015

James Rennell (1742–1830) could be claimed as the father of historical geography. After a long career at sea and in India, during which he had learned surveying and cartography, he returned to England and entered the circle of Sir Joseph Banks, who encouraged him to widen his interests to include the geography of the ancient world. In this work, published in 1814, Rennell compares the actual topography of the area in which Troy was believed to be located with the accounts of ancient commentators on Homer, with the Homeric accounts themselves, and finally with the work of ancient geographers. Without offering his own solution to the problem, he demolishes with zest the then current theory that Troy was located at the village of Bournabashi - a conclusion with which Heinrich Schliemann later agreed. Rennell's posthumously published work on the topography of Western Asia is also reissued in this series.
Small Arms Survey 2015
Authors: Small Arms Survey, Geneva
Published: July 2015

The Small Arms Survey 2015 examines the role of weapons and armed violence in humanity's appropriation of the earth's wildlife and mineral riches - in Africa, where the poaching of elephants and rhinos is becoming increasingly militarised, and near resource extraction sites around the world. In addition to presenting updates on the UN small arms process and the top arms importers and exporters, the volume assesses how recent technological developments affect weapons marking, record-keeping, and tracing; reviews small arms flows to Egypt, Libya, and Syria; and evaluates a stockpile management initiative in south-east Europe. The 'armed actors' section sheds light on the arms and ammunition used by insurgents in northern Mali, the decline of the Forces Démocratiques de Libération du Rwanda, and the use of floating armouries by private security companies in the Indian Ocean. This edition also analyses conditions that are driving young people to adopt high-risk coping strategies in Burundi.
A Guide to NIP Theories
Authors: Simon Pierre
Published: July 2015

The study of NIP theories has received much attention from model theorists in the last decade, fuelled by applications to o-minimal structures and valued fields. This book, the first to be written on NIP theories, is an introduction to the subject that will appeal to anyone interested in model theory: graduate students and researchers in the field, as well as those in nearby areas such as combinatorics and algebraic geometry. Without dwelling on any one particular topic, it covers all of the basic notions and gives the reader the tools needed to pursue research in this area. An effort has been made in each chapter to give a concise and elegant path to the main results and to stress the most useful ideas. Particular emphasis is put on honest definitions, handling of indiscernible sequences and measures. The relevant material from other fields of mathematics is made accessible to the logician.
Relation du voyage de la mer du sud aux cotes du Chily et du Perou, fait pendant les années 1712, 1713 & 1714
Authors: Frézier Amédée-François
Published: July 2015

The first reliable maps of the Chilean and Peruvian coasts were drawn by the French explorer Amédée-François Frézier (1682–1773). In 1712, he was sent on a spying mission to the Spanish ports and fortifications of South America, travelling along the Pacific coastline as far as Callao, the port of Lima. His maps were later used by two of France's most famous explorers, Bougainville and Lapérouse. Frézier also took a keen interest in botany, mineralogy, economics and anthropology. His most celebrated achievement is the introduction to Europe of the Chilean strawberry, which was used to create the hybrid species known today as the garden strawberry. Frézier's observations and illustrations of the people, plants and animals he encountered on his South American travels are given in this popular account, published in Paris in 1716 and subsequently translated into several European languages.
Warlords and Coalition Politics in Post-Soviet States
Authors: Driscoll Jesse
Published: July 2015

The break-up of the USSR was unexpected and unexpectedly peaceful. Though a third of the new states fell prey to violent civil conflict, anarchy on the post-Soviet periphery, when it occurred, was quickly cauterized. This book argues that this outcome had nothing to do with security guarantees by Russia or the United Nations and everything to do with local innovation by ruthless warlords, who competed and colluded in a high-risk coalition formation game. Drawing on a structured comparison of Georgian and Tajik militia members, the book combines rich comparative data with formal modeling, treating the post-Soviet space as an extraordinary laboratory to observe the limits of great powers' efforts to shape domestic institutions in weak states.
Surgical Critical Care
Authors: Kanani Mazyar , Lammy Simon
Published: July 2015

Surgical practice has changed enormously since the first edition of Surgical Critical Care Vivas, as shown by the introduction of the MRCS Part B OSCE. This landmark book has been fully updated to reflect the latest NICE and SIGN guidelines and common ALS principles in critical care patients, as well as current ATLS® and CCrISP® guidelines (such as CT scanning in trauma). The alphabetical format of the previous edition is replaced by an ABCDE chapter format, incorporating an escalating level of diagnostic and management complexity in conjunction with a concise mini-bibliography in each chapter, enabling the reader to rapidly access the required information. Covering both non-ICU-based patients and basic fundamentals of ICU care, the chapters introduce standard definitions, pathological processes and diagnostic features, before discussing common investigations and suggested management plans. A must-have revision guide for all surgical trainees, from final year medical students through to junior surgical registrars.
Goethe's Theory of Colours
Authors: Goethe Johann Wolfgang von
Published: July 2015

This work by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832) was translated into English in 1840 by Sir Charles Eastlake (1793–1865), painter and later keeper of the National Gallery. Goethe's 1810 work was rejected by many contemporary scientists because it appeared to contradict the physical laws laid down by Newton. However, its focus on the human perception of the colour spectrum, as opposed to the observable optical phenomenon, was attractive to, and influential upon, artists and philosophers. As Eastlake says in his preface, the work's dismissal on scientific grounds had caused 'a well-arranged mass of observations and experiments, many of which are important and interesting', to be overlooked. Eastlake also puts Goethe's work into its aesthetic and scientific context and describes its original reception. His clear translation of Goethe's observations and experiments on colour and light will appeal to anyone interested in our responses to art.
Yugoslavia in the Shadow of War
Authors: Newman John Paul
Published: July 2015

The Yugoslav state of the interwar period was a child of the Great European War. Its borders were superimposed onto a topography of conflict and killing, for it housed many war veterans who had served or fought in opposing armies (those of the Central Powers and the Entente) during the war. These veterans had been adversaries but after 1918 became fellow subjects of a single state, yet in many cases they carried into peace the divisions of the war years. John Paul Newman tells their story, showing how the South Slav state was unable to escape out of the shadow cast by the First World War. Newman reveals how the deep fracture left by war cut across the fragile states of 'New Europe' in the interwar period, worsening their many political and social problems and bringing the region into a new conflict at the end of the interwar period.
The Digital Humanities
Authors: Gardiner Eileen , Musto Ronald G.
Published: July 2015

The Digital Humanities is a comprehensive introduction and practical guide to how humanists use the digital to conduct research, organize materials, analyze, and publish findings. It summarizes the turn toward the digital that is reinventing every aspect of the humanities among scholars, libraries, publishers, administrators, and the public. Beginning with some definitions and a brief historical survey of the humanities, the book examines how humanists work, what they study, and how humanists and their research have been impacted by the digital and how, in turn, they shape it. It surveys digital humanities tools and their functions, the digital humanists' environments, and the outcomes and reception of their work. The book pays particular attention to both theoretical underpinnings and practical considerations for embarking on digital humanities projects. It places the digital humanities firmly within the historical traditions of the humanities and in the contexts of current academic and scholarly life.
Rural Lives and Landscapes in Late Byzantium
Authors: Gerstel Sharon E. J.
Published: July 2015

This is the first book to examine the late Byzantine peasantry through written, archaeological, ethnographic and painted sources. Investigations of the infrastructure and setting of the medieval village guide the reader into the consideration of specific populations. The village becomes a micro-society, with its own social and economic hierarchies. In addition to studying agricultural workers, mothers and priests, lesser-known individuals, such as the miller and witch, are revealed through written and painted sources. Placed at the center of a new scholarly landscape, the study of the medieval villager engages a broad spectrum of theorists, including economic historians creating predictive models for agrarian economies, ethnoarchaeologists addressing historical continuities and disjunctions, and scholars examining power and female agency.