bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jezikovni modeli za pripravo govornega korpusa: programi za prepoznavanje govora
Authors: Petrič Teodor
Published: July 2024

V preteklem desetletju, še posebej v zadnjih petih letih po uveljavljanju velikih jezikovnih modelov, ki temeljijo na arhitekturi transformerjev (pretvorbenih modelov), smo dobili vrsto programskih orodij, ki pospešujejo ustvarjanje večplastnih jezikovnih gradiv. Preizkušali smo programska orodja za prepoznavanje in pretvorbo govora v pisno obliko (tj. orodja Razpoznavalnik, Microsoft Word Prepiši, Vosk/Kaldi in OpenAI Whisper), ki so ključni za pospešeno ustvarjanje govornih korpusov. Uporabljali smo vrsto meril, ki zadevajo preprostost uporabe, časovni prihranek, morebitne stroške, zagotavljanje anonimnosti govorcev in različne vidike kakovosti pretvorbe (deleže besednih napak, število zamenjav, vstavitev in izpustov). Orodja za pretvorbo govora v pisno obliko so vidno napredovala, vendar bi si vsekakor želeli, da bi lahko izhodne formate programov prilagajali posameznim raziskovalnim potrebam, npr. vključitev diskurznih označevalcev (npr. tako imenovanih »mašil«) ali dejansko izgovorjenih skrčenih besednih oblik v zapis.
Researching Literary Tourism: A Handbook for Students and Supervisors
Authors: Potočnik Topler Jasna , Baleiro Rita , Capecchi Giovanni , Mansfield Charles
Published: July 2024

The textbook Researching Literary Tourism: A Handbook for Students and Supervisors is intended for students and supervisors, offering basic knowledge and guidelines for successful research in literary tourism. The textbook begins with an introduction to basic terms and concepts, enabling students to understand the context and the importance of literary tourism. The authors provide specific examples, guidelines, and propose qualitative and quantitative methods for research, aiming to encourage students to plan their own studies and engage in field research. The goal is to develop key research skills in the field of literary tourism, such as data collection, analysis, critical thinking, and writing. Researching the interdisciplinary field of literary tourism, which has certain special characteristics, can significantly contribute to the development of tourist destinations, the promotion of cultural heritage, and sustainable economic development.
La posibilidad de un pensamiento práctico en Marion a partir de la estima cartesiana
Authors: Murga Ezequiel D.
Published: July 2024

Según Jean-Luc Marion, el sujeto es responsable de la fenomenalización de lo dado. Este proceso, caracterizado por el autor como “hermenéutico”, implica un discernimiento sobre el modo más adecuado de mostrar el fenómeno. Sin embargo, para ello se necesita una modalidad de pensamiento que no trate con objetos, sino con acontecimientos. En este artículo, propongo que esta modalidad, apropiada para decidir el modo de fenomenalización de lo dado, puede encontrarse en el pensamiento práctico. En primer lugar, rastreo esta posibilidad en la estima cartesiana. En segundo lugar, la abordo a partir de la prudencia aristotélica. Finalmente, vinculo ambas propuestas con la comprensión (Verstehen), que Marion retoma de Heidegger y Gadamer.
La política de la comunión de Jean-Luc Marion
Authors: Vinolo Stéphane
Published: July 2024

Entre todos los campos que abarca la fenomenología de la donación de Jean-Luc Marion, es notable que la política ocupe un lugar exiguo, por no decir inexistente. Esta cuasi ausencia se puede explicar por motivos conceptuales, dado que la filosofía política se encerró dentro de la metafísica a través del uso recurrente de conceptos tales como el sujeto, el poder o el interés. Sin embargo, es posible pensar, a partir de la filosofía de Marion, una política que no se limite a su figura metafísica. Esta posibilidad supone el pensamiento de una verdadera política de la comunión que una al colectivo a partir de un punto que le permanece externo y que no le sirva como su fundamento.
Efectos de procesamiento semántico en el desempeño lector de estudiantes universitarios novatos
Authors: Bargetto Miguel Á. , Riffo Ocares Bernardo
Published: July 2024

Los estudios en alfabetización académica han demostrado que el acompañamiento mejora la lectura de textos disciplinares. Dentro de las variables consideradas, está la léxica. Un vocabulario robusto redundará en un mejor desempeño lector. Para comprobar lo anterior, se aplicó a 31 estudiantes de primer año de pedagogía una tarea de priming semántico y una prueba de comprensión lectora para establecer si existe correlación entre el procesamiento léxico y la lectura. Los principales hallazgos indican el establecimiento de relaciones semánticas débiles y un desempeño normal en lectura. Se concluye que un mejor rendimiento en lectura está asociado a un procesamiento léxico más lento, lo que evidenciaría operaciones estratégicas por parte de los lectores para abordar las tareas de comprensión. Esto permitirá formular acciones de acompañamiento que destaquen la importancia de dominar el léxico disciplinar a fin de resguardar una adecuada tarea de lectura.
Negación y modales deónticos de obligación en español: el caso de "deber" y "tener que"
Authors: Flores Salvo Camila , Jaque Hidalgo Matías
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo aborda la relación entre la negación y las perífrasis modales deónticas del español deber + infinitivo y tener que + infinitivo, que difieren en la relación de alcance que establecen con la negación: mientras deber posee un alcance amplio, tener que exhibe preferentemente un alcance estrecho. Nuestro principal objetivo es establecer las propiedades específicas que motivarían la conducta de deber como término de polaridad positiva (TPP). Proponemos que la noción de “obligación” se deriva, siguiendo a Ramchand (2018), de dos operaciones semánticas distintas: tener que expresaría una selección exhaustiva de alternativas; en cambio, deber expresaría una selección exclusiva, por la cual se selecciona la situación más altamente valuada dado un orden de preferencia de base deóntica. El trabajo muestra que una de las principales consecuencias de esta diferencia es la distribución de las lecturas implicativas en indefinido, obligatoria para tener que.
Las mujeres y la sociedad patriarcal en tres cuentos de Pilar Dughi
Authors: Susti Alejandro
Published: July 2024

El artículo examina tres cuentos publicados por la escritora peruana Pilar Dughi (1956-2006) a lo largo de su trayectoria como narradora: “Conciliación”, “Futuro prometido” y “Los guiños del destino”. El análisis y la interpretación abordan la representación de sus protagonistas mujeres desde una perspectiva de género tomando en cuenta los roles, identidades y posiciones que el orden patriarcal les asigna tanto en el ámbito privado como en el público. La tesis central del artículo reside en que las protagonistas, a través de la aceptación o negociación en sus relaciones con el sexo opuesto —sea dentro o fuera del vínculo matrimonial—, representan la complejidad del “ser mujer” en una sociedad en la que coexisten diversos y contradictorios discursos sobre la identidad de género femenino.
Repertorios activos para “decir la guerra”: el caso de Bajo la tienda (1890) de Daniel Riquelme y Sancho en la guerra (1885) de Lucio Venegas
Authors: Véliz Rojas Claudio
Published: July 2024

El presente trabajo aplica el marco teórico de polisistemas, de Itamar Evan-Zohar, y su concreción a través de los planteamientos de transtextualidad de Gérard Genette, para analizar los “repertorios activos” de dos obras escritas por actores chilenos de la guerra del Pacífico (1879-1884) publicadas durante la década de 1880. A través de Bajo la tienda (1890) de Daniel Riquelme y Sancho en la guerra (1885) de Lucio Venegas, apreciamos la utilización de estos repertorios en cuanto modos para glorificar el conflicto, a la vez que fórmulas para condenar la destrucción ocasionada por el fenómeno bélico. Dichos repertorios nos aproximan a comprender el campo cultural de la época como un agente activo en la construcción de una determinada noción de guerra.
El suicidio literario de Fernando Vallejo: La rambla paralela y la muerte como forma de protesta
Authors: Forero Gómez Andrés
Published: July 2024

Este texto analiza cómo el escritor colombiano Fernando Vallejo utiliza su novela La rambla paralela (2002) para presentar su suicidio literario (la muerte de su alter ego novelístico y su deseo de no escribir más) como una forma de protesta ante el sinsentido de la realidad, que se manifiesta frecuentemente en la sociedad colombiana. Para esto, primero se describe el rol que ha tenido el suicidio en el pensamiento y la literatura de Occidente. Más adelante, se exponen las razones detrás de la crítica expuesta por Vallejo en su obra. Finalmente, se analiza cómo Vallejo da muerte a su narrativa en su novela y cómo este acto funciona como la protesta más radical del autor ante la realidad contemporánea.
GC-MS Analysis and Molecular Docking Studies of Lavandula dentata Leaves Extract of Taif Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mohamed Hanan Ramadan Hamad , Hussien Nahed Ahmed
Published: July 2024

Background: Lavandula dentata is recognized for its therapeutic properties and has been traditionally used in various medicinal applications. Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are critical for neurotransmitters breaking down; therefore, their inhibitors treat neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer, Parkinson and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diseases. Methods: The current study was done to analyze the bioactive compounds present in the methanolic extract of Lavandula dentata of Taif region, Saudi Arabia using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. In addition, computational analysis using SwissADME and ProTox-II was used to predict the physicochemical and biological activities and predicted toxicity of four selected components from lavender extract. Moreover, linalool and 7-Methoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid were selected for the molecular docking of Monoamine Oxidase A. Result: GC-MS analysis revealed a diverse array of bioactive compounds, including but not limited to linalool, retinal, chromene-2-one and 7-Methoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid, which are known for their pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anxiolytic effects. In silico analysis has assumed that linalool is safe with a predicted toxicity LD50 2200 mg/kg (Class: 5). The docking affinity score of linalool to Monoamine Oxidase A is -24.4 and appears more stable in the docking site box due to the presence of nine hydrophobic interactions. Collectively this study contributes to the understanding of the chemical profile of Lavandula dentata and highlights its suitability for pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications along with exploring the specific bioactivities and potential synergistic effects of these compounds. In particular, linalool emerges as a promising bioactive compound in neurodegenerative disorders therapy through Monoamine oxidase A inhibition.
Entrevista a Iván Martínez sobre el uso de Microsoft Azure en ingeniería
Authors: Delgado Del Aguila Jesús Miguel
Published: July 2024

En esta entrevista se formularon preguntas al magíster Iván Martínez, docente universitario destacado por sus conocimientos especializados en infraestructuras de redes y por sus múltiples participaciones en eventos académicos. Los interrogantes que se le plantearon se basaron en sus recientes enfoques de estudio, como el empleo de la herramienta informática de Microsoft Azure. En la conversación se llega a comprender cuál es su utilidad y cómo esta puede servir al usuario en distintos ámbitos, como el laboral. Por otro lado, el ingeniero de Sistemas concluye con el modo en que sus saberes son transferidos a sus alumnos con mucha prerrogativa.
La delimitación de Geomorfología y Suelos a escala 1: 5.000, como insumo para el Ordenamiento Territorial de la ciudad de Otavalo-Ecuador
Authors: Cueva Zulay Marivel , Pozo Mauricio David Reyes , Calvache Paola
Published: July 2024

En este estudio se contempla a la cartografía temática a detalle (escala 1: 5 000), de geomorfología y suelos, como insumos de primera mano para el desarrollo y ordenamiento del territorio de la ciudad de Otavalo, Ecuador. La geomorfología del área en estudio fue fotointerpretada en tres dimensiones mediante el uso de las herramientas de un sistema de información geográfica, además, se calificó variables físicas de suelos en cada unidad geomorfológica o geoforma. Los resultados indican que en las 8 116,92 ha de la ciudad existen geoformas de siete tipos de orígenes: volcánico, gravedad y movimientos en masa, fluvio-lacustre, deposicional, erosión fluvial, poligénicas y tecnogénesis. En los suelos, la textura franco arenosa fue la dominante, con suelos bien drenados y sin presencia de nivel freático. En conclusión, la fotointerpretación o delimitación geomorfológica a escala 1: 5 000, además de ofrecer información morfológica y morfométrica de las formas de la tierra, permitió zonificar variables de suelos, que, en conjunto, es información indispensable para la gestión y aprovechamiento del territorio por parte de los tomadores decisiones y se convierte en información básica para el desarrollo de otro tipo de estudios como amenazas a deslizamientos, inundaciones o capacidad de uso de las tierras.
The History of US Menstrual Health, School Nurses, and the Future of Menstrual Health Equity
Authors: Bergen Sadie , Maughan Erin D. , Johnson Karen E. , Cogan Robin , Secor Molly , Sommer Marni
Published: July 2024

In the United States, adolescents suffer from inadequate menstrual health, meaning that adolescents are unprepared for menarche, lack the practical resources they need to comfortably and confidently manage menstruation, and receive inadequate health education and care for menstrual pain and disorders. In this article, we provide a historical analysis of the role of school nurses in addressing menstruation from the early 20th century up to the present day. We contextualize the current realities of school nursing and menstrual health education and clinical support. We argue that the decentralized US school system, a cultural aversion to open discussion about menstruation, and the outsized influence of commercial menstrual product manufacturers have hampered the ability of school nurses to deliver menstrual health education along with menstrual health support. Finally, we discuss implications for today’s schooling experiences as well as recommendations for how to support school nurses in aligning our national approach to menstrual health toward the public health perspective of menstrual equity. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(9):903–908. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307705 )
Cultural Diversity and Harmony of Tionghoa Good Character: Towards Unity with Incremental Change of Citizenship
Authors: Nufus Achmad Busrotun , Malihah Elly , Darmawan Cecep , Anggraeni Leni , Budimansyah Dasim , Sehadun Fransiskus
Published: July 2024

Indonesia, as a country with rich cultural diversity, shows a strong commitment to developing social dynamics to care for and maintain this diversity. This research explores the role of ethnic Tionghoa in their contribution to national diversity and unity. Through qualitative methods with an ethnographic approach and literature study, with a total of 30 ethnic Tionghoa informants, this research found that the values â€‹â€‹of tolerance, respect for differences and mutual cooperation implemented by the Tionghoa community play an important role in maintaining social harmony in Indonesia. Research results have shown that Indonesian people, including ethnic Tionghoa, view cultural diversity as a wealth that enriches national identity and strengthens national unity. Ethnic Tionghoa actively participate in preserving and advancing their cultural traditions, as well as demonstrating the values â€‹â€‹of tolerance, respect for differences and mutual cooperation in everyday life. These values â€‹â€‹have proven effective in maintaining social harmony and overcoming potential inter-ethnic conflicts. In addition, the policy of incremental change in citizenship has helped integrate various ethnic groups, including ethnic Tionghoa, within an inclusive national framework, thereby strengthening national unity gradually and sustainably.
Urgensi Penerapan Praktik Etis: Efek Kepercayaan Konsumen dalam Mendukung Pertumbuhan Usaha Berkelanjutan
Authors: Herman Robertus Tang
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan praktik etis terhadap kepercayaan pelanggan serta bagaimana dampaknya terhadap pertumbuhan usaha berkelanjutan. Pertumbuhan bisnis digital dan penggunaan media sosial di kalangan pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) memiliki peluang besar untuk menjangkau konsumen lebih luas. Namun praktik tidak etis dapat merusak kepercayaan konsumen sehingga menghambat pertumbuhan bisnis. Melalui pendekatan kuantitatif, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi pengaruh penerapan praktik etis dalam bisnis serta rekomendasi praktik bagi UMKM untuk menumbuhkan kepercayaan konsumen dalam mendorong keberlanjutan bisnis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara kepercayaan konsumen dengan keberlanjutan usaha. Adapun pengaruh kepercayaan konsumen terhadap keberlanjutan usaha adalah 0.161 yang menunjukan tingkat pengaruhnya sangat kecil. Sebaliknya, perilaku etis memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepercayaan konsumen. Besarnya pengaruh perilaku etis terhadap kepercayaan konsumen adalah -0.29. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya sifat hubungannya negatif, artinya semakin tidak etis perilaku yang dipraktekkan oleh pelaku usaha dapat menurunkan kepercayaan konsumen. Hal yang dapat disimpulkan bahwa perilaku etis merupakan aspek yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan konsumen demi keberlanjutan usaha di sektor UMKM.
Gerakan Literasi Sekolah Dalam Upaya Membentuk Warga Negara Demokratis Peserta Didik Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Kurniawan Moh Wahyu , Darmawan Cecep , Sapriya Sapriya , Syaifullah Syaifullah
Published: July 2024

Gerakan literasi sekolah merupakan program penting untuk diberikan kepada peserta didik melalui aktivitas pembelajaran maupun kegiatan di luar kelas, menumbuhkan minat baca peserta didik diperlukan program yang terencana dan sistematis. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menganalisis implementasi program literasi sekolah dalam membentuk warga negara demokratis. Metode dalam penelitian ini ialah menggunakan diskripstif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara, Teknik analisis data menggunakan Miles dan Huberman meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat dua pendekatan gerakan literasi sekolah dalam membentuk warga negara demokratis yaitu pertama, terintegrasi melalui semua mata pelajaran, lebih khusus melalui pendidikan kewarganegaraan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa materi yang diberikan merupakan materi esensial dalam membentuk warga negara demokratis. Kedua, melalui kegiatan intrakulikuler dan ekstrakulikuler seperti karya ilmiah remaja yang menjadi unggulan sekolah dalam mengembangkan literasi peserta didik, hambatan program gerakan literasi sekolah dalam membentuk warga negara demokratis yaitu secara internal dan eksternal. Secara internal terdapat beberapa kesadaran peserta didik tentang motivasi minat membaca masih rendah dan faktor eksternal ialah kurangnya ketersediaan bahan bacaan yang berkaitan tentang warga negara demokratis.
Desacralization of the Political: from Scholasticism to Modernity?
Authors: Levytskiy Victor ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the influence of the political thought of late scholasticism on the formation of the secular political regime of Modernity. The author shows two research approaches that differently assess the influence of medieval poli­tical doctrines on the formation of modern political culture. Representatives of the first approach (E. Gilson, A. Gewirth, Q. Skinner) tend to see in the works of such authors as Dante, Marsilius of Padua and Ockham, if not the direct ori­gins of ideas about a secular political regime, then at least conceptual models that allowed such ideas to appear. Representatives of the second approach (A. Black, J. Canning, A. Brett, B. Klyuchko, Yu. Sokolov), appealing to the ana­chronism of reading scholastic texts through the prism of modern conceptualism, either directly deny such influence or propose to refer to it with major limita­tions. To clarify this issue, the author turns to the analysis of the political ontol­ogy of Dante, Marsilius of Padua and Ockham. Innovations that were proposed by these authors in the matter of understanding the purpose, source and subject of political existence are explicated. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that in late scholasticism a view of political reality was proposed, which made it pos­sible to see in it an immanent, self-valuable nature. Accordingly, the statement about the connection between the political thought of late scholasticism and modern political a priori is not unfounded.
Academy of Sciences in Russia: The Experience of Unique Historical Peculiarity
Authors: Kuznetsova Natalia ,   Institute for the History of Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The jubilee celebrations in honor of the 300th anniversary of the creation of the Academy of Sciences in Russia once again force historians of science to recall the complex historical path of this glorious social institution, the tra­jectories of scientific and technological development in our Fatherland, which are associated with the activities of the Academy. All this, of course, is correct and justified not only by the approach of the holidays, but also by the fact that the civilizational dynamics of our time is constantly testing the strength of an academic-type institution, for compliance with the tasks of the country’s development in the context of large and complex challenges of the time. The purpose of this article is not a complete or detailed reproduction of the historical events that led the first Emperor of Russia to the idea of opening the Academy of Sciences, nor a story about the main milestones of its further development. In the philosophical study of the modern sociocultural appear­ance of the Russian Academy of Sciences, it is necessary to add one most im­portant component, which has rarely been highlighted against the general background – today we must realize and express its cultural originality, histori­cal uniqueness, in order to contribute to the preservation of its glorious cogni­tive traditions.
The Impact of Digitalization on the Practice of Scientific Prevision: the Main Effects and Risks
Authors: Pirozhkova Sofia ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

Digitalization and its impact on the practices of scientific prevision and everyday predictive practices, as well as on the strategies of scientific and everyday cogni­tion, is a problem that is increasingly widely discussed both in scientific circles and on public platforms. The article clarifies what is meant by the process of dig­italization and how it turns out in relation to scientific activity. It’s substantiated that the rapid progress of forecasting as a strategy of scientific foresight over the last century is due to both the growth of the capabilities of applied mathemat­ics and the departure from the modern project of science as unlimited in its pre­dictive capabilities. As a result, obtaining predictions based on laws is supple­mented, and in some areas, replaced by the practice of prevision “beyond the limit of predictability” – by identifying quasi-regularities based on empirical information characterizing the behavior of the object. Despite the fact that pre­dictive activity is formed primarily by quantitative methods, by the 1970s their limitations in the field of social processes are recognized. The limitations are due to the complexity of collecting and, as a consequence, the lack of empirical in­formation, and digitalization leads to a better representation of social processes by fixing their course in the digital environment. All this information can be ac­cumulated and processed thanks to big data technologies, which leads to the emer­gence of a computational social science project. It is shown that this project is in­tegrated into a broader theoretical and cognitive initiative of the new empiricism, which calls for abandoning theories as a less effective way of ordering empirical information and moving from actual facts to the facts of possible experience, re­placing them with more effective – calculations based on big data. The existing arguments against the ideas of new empiricism are analyzed, and it is concluded that in addition to big data, other risks associated with the use of artificial intelli­gence in scientific cognition should be analyzed.
St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences on the Intellectual Map of the Enlightenment. To the 300th Anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Artemyeva Tatiana ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: July 2024

The article examines the history and prehistory of St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. The analysis of functioning conditions of St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, ways of its financing, privileges and benefits granted to scien­tists, as well as the active actions of the academic administration demonstrated how quickly St. Petersburg turned into one of the most important scientific cen­ters of the world. The author reveals the role of outstanding figures of the En­lightenment era, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Christian Wolf, in the creation of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. She notes that Leibniz saw the cre­ation of the Academy of Sciences in Russia as the implementation of Bacon’s epistemological utopia, the “New Atlantis,” and was ready to take a direct part in its creation. The article notes that together with the Academy of Sciences in Russia a new intellectual community emerged, and this community was ca­pable of solving important state tasks and complex research problems. One of the important conclusions of the study is the analysis of how the academic community was integrated into the social structure of Russia and constantly evolved into the country’s academic system. The article gives a brief overview of the history of the emergence of academies of sciences in Europe in the New Time, it considers main directions of their activities, features of financial sup­port, publications, and working conditions of scientists. Particular attention is paid to the development of philosophical and worldview lines of the academic institutions’ activities. The formation of the academic space in Europe is com­pared with the development of the Academy of Sciences in Russia, where the idea of creating the Academy from the very beginning acquired a state char­acter.
The Guardian of the History of Philosophy: On Nelly Motroschilova’s Philosophical Beginnings
Authors: Mikhaylov Igor ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

Six decades of N.V. Motroshilova’s active creative work were commonly asso­ciated with her work as a historian of philosophy. Although this view is largely fair and is confirmed by the way Motroshilova herself assessed her research, the philosopher’s range of interests was much wider: it covered problems of West­ern European history, the theory of culture and civilization. The article shows the formation of Motroshilova’s philosophical specialization which began as an interest in German philosophy, initially limited to Husserl’s phenomenology. However, already in the early 1960s the discussion of phenomenological prob­lems was clearly placed in the context of social analysis and was commonly identified with sociology. At the same time, another perspective was outlined: consideration of the problems of Western philosophy from the point of view of the most universal problems of the theory of knowledge. Social analysis as the dominant direction of Motroshilova’s research remained until the end of the 1970s, while the thematic area of this analysis gradually expanded – first to the philosophy of the New Age, subsequently to German idealism (the philos­ophy of Hegel and then Kant), as well as to the origins of Western European phi­losophy in Greek antiquity. Simultaneously with this expansion, and largely due to it, the general philosophical methodology also changed: starting from the 1990s, the study of the history of ideas in the aspect of culture and civiliza­tion is used as a general approach to the history of ideas. The parallel thematic and methodological “universalization” helps N.V. Motroshilova to implement a number of extremely important scientific and organizational projects for Rus­sian philosophy, three of them occupy a special place: History of Philosophy Yearbook, the first Russian periodic edition, entirely focused on the history of philosophy; preparation and publication of a new textbook History of Philoso­phy. West – Russia – East, as well as a new edition of the main works of Im­manuel Kant.
E.Iu. Soloviev and the Completeness of Philosophical Discourse
Authors: Ryskeldiyeva Lora ,   Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: July 2024

The article is dedicated to the great anniversary of Erich Iurievich Soloviev, who wrote a brilliant article on how to write good articles. The author is aware of her responsibility, but still makes an attempt to reconstruct all parts of the philosophical heritage of the hero of the day, believing that it expresses a complete philosophical discourse. As a theorist, the hero of the day is pre­sented as a historian of philosophy and as a philosopher of law. The semantic unity of his researches is provided by the teaching of I. Kant. A recognized master of analysis and interpretation of philosophical texts, E.Iu. Soloviev sees the Kantian heritage as a tool for interpreting the pressing problems of our real­ity and convincingly proves the relevance of the thesis about the complemen­tarity of morality and law. In the practical part of philosophical discourse, E.Iu. Soloviev is presented as an actor whose textual action is carried out in a deontological context. With the expressions “lesson” and “student-like”, the imperative “have the courage to think for yourself”, as well as a persona­listic conviction in the possibilities of the reasoning of each of us, the hero of the day participates in the age of Enlightenment as a long-running process and gives us hope for the future of Reason. If we accept M. Mamardashvili’s thesis on the importance of the “metaphysical aposteriori”, then E.Iu. Soloviev’s meta­physics can be derived from his reconstruction of M.A. Voloshin’s poetry’s fundamental meaning. The characterization of the hero of the day as a Mentor, consisting of his ability and desire to listen and hear, sincere and rare nowadays interest in the personality of the interlocutor, as well as the perlocutive effect of his texts – a tribute to the author of the article Erich Iurievich Soloviev.
An Imaginary Dialogue between Aristotle and Pascal about the Greatness and Nothingness of Man
Authors: Grigoreva Marina ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: July 2024

Despite the fact that the time interval separating the lives of Aristotle and Pascal is extremely long, antiquity was for the national genius of France a source of re­newed inspiration, to which memory returns and reason turns. Pascal’s belief that “all human dignity lies in thought” was previously expressed by Aristotle: “the activity of the mind is significant… reason in comparison with man is something divine”, this means that, on the one hand, a reasonable life is natural for a person and makes him a man par excellence, and on the other hand, a rea­sonable life, exalting a person, elevates him to the status of a sage. The article examines the arguments of two thinkers about the nature of reason, expressed in the writings “Nicomachean ethics” and “Thoughts” and developed as a result into teachings that directly affect the problems of being and the search for good. In search of an answer to the question of the highest good, philosophers have proposed different solutions, so it is not surprising that, driven by the desire to achieve genuine happiness, Aristotle and Pascal come to contradictory conclu­sions. According to Pascal, greatness does not consist in following one extreme, but in reaching both and filling the space between them with your presence. The purpose of the study is to recognize a common concept in the differences between Aristotle and Pascal.
The Communication Debate: Polemics between A.A. Leontiev and B.F. Lomov in Scientific Publications of the 1970s
Authors: Konnov Vladimir ,   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russian Federation
Published: July 2024

The article is focused on the discussion between A.A. Leontiev and B.F. Lomov on the problem of the psychological theory of communication in the second half of the 1970s. The discussion is considered from the standpoint of intellectual history, which implies the positioning of scientific statements as social acts. The discussion unfolded in three stages each relating to particular publications. The first of these stages includes articles authored by the discussants in the col­lection “Methodological Problems of Social Psychology” (1975), in which A.A. Le­ontiev and B.F. Lomov state their main provisions without opposing them. The second stage is represented by B.F. Lomov’s section in the book “Psycho­logical Problems of Social Regulation of Behavior” (1976), in which he high­lights the main contradiction between the two positions. The third stage consists of articles by A.A. Leontiev and B.F. Lomov, published in 1979 in the journal “Voprosy Filosofii”, and related archival materials. These articles put forward ar­guments for and against the use of the category “activity” in the consideration of communication. This argumentation is analyzed in the context of historical circumstances, including the publication by B.F. Lomov of the main theses of the “systems approach”, successful defense of a doctoral dissertation in psy­chology by A.A. Leontiev (1976), change of leadership at the Faculty of Psy­chology of Moscow State University, changes in the editorial policy of “Voprosy Filosofii”. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the acute phase of the discus­sion was largely a reflection of the clash between Marxist monism, which ex­cludes the plurality of perspectives in science, and pluralism, which is more in line with a wide range of schools and branches of psychological science in the 1970s.
Psychological Roots of Neo-Kantian Anti-Psychologism. Critical Reception of B. Russell
Authors: Pertsev Alexey ,   Independent Researcher
Published: July 2024

The present text is a continuation of the article “Psychological Roots of Neo-Kantian Anti-Psychologism. Problem Statement” published in Voprosy Filosofii (No. 4, 2024). The named article examined the theoretical and conceptual inte­gration of early Neo-Kantianism (represented by H. Cohen) with the psychologi­cal program of philosophy. The subject of the present article is the critical recep­tion of Cohen’s conclusions by B. Russell. An important historical-philosophical basis for such an analysis appears to be §2 of “The Method of the Principle of Infinitesimals”, as well as the reaction to these conclusions expressed by B. Russell in “The Principles of Mathematics”. We believe that his critique is important not only because it shows the essential relationship between the posi­tions of Cohen and Fechner, but also because it offers an independent philoso­phical alternative. Thus, important for the present topic, the difference be­tween the concepts of “stretch” and “distance” has direct relevance to Fechner’s dichotomy of stimulus and sensation and precedes a productive transition to sets (stretches) from simple scalar quantities. The elegant solution contained in the works of A. Meinong becomes an important intermediary for understand­ing Russell’s position on the “reality” of the infinitesimal without regard to whether this reality is expressed by means of psychophysics or Cohenian tran­scendentalism. The insensitivity of Cohen’s epistemology to important aspects of mathematical theory, as well as the study of these aspects, is an undeservedly neglected circumstance, the recourse to which will enrich our understanding of the psychological program of philosophy and the evolution of scientific dis­course at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.
Human Capital as a Problem for Social Philosophy
Authors: Rashkovsky Evgeny ,   Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The author of this paper is a specialist in history of philosophy and religions, poet­ics and political studies. The notion of human capital coined by American econom­ical thought in the beginning of 1960th could hardly be a monopoly of economical discourse. Ex definitio, this notion has to contain in itself a lot of historical, cultural as well as philosophical connotations. According to the widening scope of our theoretical imagination, this notion seems to be more and more vital and complex as well as less dependent on the “Occam’s razor”. Actually, the value of this notion seems to be rather unique. Being almost elusive from strict quantifications, it could be intimately connected with the whole complex of present-day human realities. According to Professor Rashkovsky, analytical approach to this notion helps better comprehending some dramatic aspects of Russian history caused by underestima­tion (or perverted treating) of human meanings in history itself as well as human meanings in labor, societal connections, culture, etc. By the way, the author sug­gests reopening and partial present-day re-interpretation of economic ideas of Rus­sian economist, philosopher and theologian Sergei N. Bulgakov: ideas though partly obsolete, but nevertheless vital for contemporary thought.
Innovative progress tracking: Enhancing student achievement with effective interventions
Authors: Starford Ashley , Ravlikj Ivona
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the efficacy of academic support interventions provided by the Swinburne College Student Hub for international students enrolled in the Postgraduate Qualifying Program (PQP) or English Language Intensive Courses for Overseas Students (ELICOS). Interventions for PQP students encompass plagiarism checking, paraphrasing, proofreading, referencing, and essay structure guidance, while ELICOS interventions are skill-based workshops focusing on reading, listening, and writing. The study highlights the importance of tracking student progress to refine interventions effectively. Program-specific student trackers were developed, leading to significant improvements in student success rates in assignments and unit completion, as revealed by analysis of empirical data from 2022. The findings underscore the effectiveness of tailored academic support, with implications for enhancing the delivery of support services and improving academic outcomes for PQP and ELICOS cohorts in academic settings.
EFL preservice teachers' professional identity dilemmas during the last-stage practicum: The case of Chile
Authors: Riffo-Salgado Priscila
Published: July 2024

This article investigates two language teacher identity dilemmas encountered by EFL preservice teachers (PSTs) during their last practicum and how they navigated them to reconcile their identities. Dilemmas, characterised as inner conflicts and challenges PSTs face in resolving contradictory demands and different roles in their profession (Cabaroğlu & Tillema, 2011), can illuminate how PSTs understand their teaching roles and language teacher identity (LTI) amidst the complexities of the teaching practice. The article begins by contextualising the study, presenting an overview of the ELT national curriculum and how this is reflected in the practicum. Next, an exploration of LTI and how dilemmas can serve as tools for reconciling this identity will be drawn. Lastly, findings and conclusions will be presented. This study suggests that a locally responsive ELT pedagogy could empower PSTs to better navigate and transform challenges into valuable learning-to-teach opportunities. Accordingly, caring emerged as a tool for PSTs to better navigate political dilemmas in underprivileged contexts. By integrating contextual knowledge into curricula, PSTs could align their language teaching identities with specific needs, enhancing student engagement, motivation, and success in diverse educational settings.
Jual Beli Online Pada Marketplace Shopee Dalam Tinjauan Etika Bisnis Islam
Authors: Arya Wahyu Pradana  , Ridho Rokamah
Published: July 2024

Economic activity is very closely related to a transaction activity, this is inseparable from an economic concept, namely to fulfill the necessities of life for oneself, for the welfare of the family, and also to help other people around us. Basically online buying and selling sites are buying and selling transactions, which are categorized in the form of modern buying and selling because in practice they apply a technology. Doing business in the view of Islamic business ethics in buying and selling online, sellers are required to always pay attention to ethics in their business, between being kind, speech and actions must be consistent. They are also required to always keep promises, be punctual, not hesitate to admit weaknesses and shortcomings, always maintain the quality of the goods sold, and must not lie and cheat. The purpose of this study was to find out about the implementation of online buying and selling on the marketplace shopee when viewed from Islamic business ethics. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods by conducting interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study say that buying and selling online at the shopee marketplace has done well in implementing the principles of Islamic business ethics, even though understanding related to the principles of Islamic business ethics is still lacking, they are able to do it in their own way and in their own language.
Pengembangan Sertifikasi Halal Pada IKM Makanan Dan Minuman Halal Melalui Forum IKM Ponorogo
Authors: Garnis Olivia Arcikasari  , Ratna Yunita
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Halal certification is very important for Muslims, especially in the food and beverage sector. in the Ponorogo area there are still IKM products that do not have halal certification. Therefore, it is necessary to develop so that these IKM products have halal certification. Research Methods: The research method used in this research is field research using a qualitative approach. Data and data sources taken in the form of primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques in this study used interviews and documentation. Results: The results of this study are that there are several developments carried out by the Ponorogo IKM Forum, including frequent involvement in various events, opening an UKM service corner, and Free Halal Certification (SEHATI), while the procedures for obtaining halal certification are for businesses that register must implement a Halal Assurance System (SJH), prepare file documents for business actors who want to extend or develop their business further, and for slaughterhouses must include the name of the slaughterer and include the method of slaughter either manually or mechanically. Conclusion: The Ponorogo IKM Forum has an important role in assisting business actors in developing IKM product in order to have halal certification for IKM products in Ponorogo.
Dampak Penggunaan QRIS Pada Pelaku UMKM di Kota Padangsidimpuan Sumatera Utara (Studi Kasus Pada Coffe Shop Kopi Koe)
Authors: Yola Afifa  , M. Yarham
Published: July 2024

All social activities, including payment systems, are experiencing very rapid changes due to digitalization and technological advances. This research is field research using qualitative methods and descriptive research type. At Koe Padangsidimpuan Café Shop, data collection methods include direct interviews with micro, small and medium business actors as well as observation and documentation techniques. Information checking strategies combine information methods, information relationships and goals. Triangulation is used during the time spent actually looking at the validity of the information. Both cafes and the general public benefit from using QRIS because it can streamline the payment system transaction process. However, the café’s income was not affected, which is a shame. Achieving the target with a small number of users shows that the impact of implementing QRIS is still below standard among millennials.
Penerapan Etika Bisnis Islam Terhadap Kegiatan Produksi Pentol Corah dan Otak-Otak Assegaf Jaya Ponorogo
Authors: Listiani Vita , Rizal Fitra
Published: July 2024

Assegaf Jaya Ponorogo Business is a business engaged in the field of culinary that produces pentol corah and otak-otak typical of Madiun City. Deep Production activities need to pay attention to Islamic production ethics by fulfilling Islamic principles. According to Yusuf Qardhawi, principles in production Islamic is producing in the scope of halal, protection of natural resources, and pay attention to targets. But the facts on the ground are still business people that violates Islamic business ethics towards production activities, such as addition substances that are haram, and there are producers who use tiren meat so that will harm consumers. Consumer losses in the form of material loss, declining health, and loss of consumer trust and loyalty Decreased. The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of activities production of pentol corah and otak-otak in Assegaf Jaya Ponorogo, driving factors and constraints on the application of Islamic business ethics to pentol corah production  activities and the brains of Assegaf Jaya Ponorogo, and the impact of implementing production activities pentol corah and otak-otak in Assegaf Jaya Ponorogo. Types of research used is field research using qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques are carried out by tactics interviews, observations, and documentation. Data sources obtained in the study are: primary data and secondary data. The results of this study show that application of business ethics to the production activities of pentol corah and otak-otak Assegaf Jaya Ponorogo is producing in a halal scope, namely using materials halal standards, do not mix haram, maintain cleanliness and have have a halal certificate from MUI, protection of natural resources with no the existence of production waste that damages the environment, paying attention to targets in the form of the creation of individual self-sufficiency and people's self-sufficiency. Driving factors in the form of A workforce that works according to expertise, sufficient capital, and the use of materials halal standard. Obstacles in the form of scarcity of raw materials for making brains, namely: mackerel and replace it with swordfish. Impact of ethical implementation Islamic business on production activities is a positive impact that can be felt by business owners, labor, and consumers. While the negative impact is in the form of scarcity of raw materials for brain production that affects satisfaction