bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of cut vertex in the control of complex networks
Authors: Zhou Jie , Yuan Cheng , Qian Zu-Yu , Wang Bing-Hong , Nie Sen
Published: November 2022

The control of complex networks is affected by their structural characteristic. As a type of key nodes in a network structure, cut vertexes are essential for network connectivity because their removal will disconnect the network. Despite their fundamental importance, the influence of the cut vertexes on network control is still uncertain. Here, we reveal the relationship between the cut vertexes and the driver nodes, and find that the driver nodes tend to avoid the cut vertexes. However, driving cut vertexes reduce the energy required for controlling complex networks, since cut vertexes are located near the middle of the control chains. By employing three different node failure strategies, we investigate the impact of cut vertexes failure on the energy required. The results show that cut vertex failures markedly increase the control energy because the cut vertexes are larger-degree nodes. Our results deepen the understanding of the structural characteristic in network control.
Properties of the Main Phases of the Super Geomagnetic Storms (ΔSYM-H ≤ −250 nT) with Different Heliolongitudes
Authors: Zhao Ming-Xian , Le Gui-Ming , Liu Yong-Hua
Published: November 2022

We studied the properties of the main phases of 24 super geomagnetic storms (SGSs) (ΔSYM-H ≤ −250 nT) since 1981. We divided the SGSs into two subgroups: SGSs-I (−400 nT <Δ SYM-H ≤ −250 nT) and SGSs-II (ΔSYM-H ≤ −400 nT). Of the 24 SGSs, 16 are SGSs-I and eight are SGSs-II. The source locations of SGSs were distributed in the longitudinal scope of [E37, W66]. 95.8% of the SGSs were distributed in the longitudinal scope of [E37, W20]. East and west hemispheres of the Sun had 14 and 10 SGSs, respectively. The durations of the main phases for six SGSs ranged from 2 to 4 hr. The durations of the main phases for the rest 18 SGSs were longer than 6.5 hr. The duration of the SGSs with source locations in the west hemisphere varied from 2.22 to 19.58 hr. The duration for the SGSs with the source locations in the east hemisphere ranged from 2.1 to 31.88 hr. The averaged duration of the main phases of the SGSs in the west and east hemispheres are 8.3 hr and 13.98 hr, respectively. ∣ΔSYM−H/Δt∣ for six SGSs with source locations distributed in the longitudinal area ranging from E15 to W20 was larger than 1.0 nT · minute−1, while ∣ΔSYM−H/Δt∣ for the rest 18 SGSs was lower than 1.0 nT · minute−1.∣ΔSYM−H/Δt∣ for SGSs-I varied from 0.18 to 3.0 nT · minute−1. ∣ΔSYM−H/Δt∣ for eight SGSs-II varied from 0.37 to 2.2 nT · minute−1 with seven SGSs-II falling in the scope from 0.37 to 0.992 nT · minute−1.
Early Weak Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Duffing System and LMCD
Authors: Hu Chenyang , Shan Shijie , Li Ning , Li Jizhen , Li Zhao
Published: November 2022

The early weak fault signals of bearings are usually hidden in a large amount of noise, and the components of the noise are more complicated. Therefore, it is difficult to extract the early weak fault features of bearings using conventional time-frequency methods. In this paper, the traditional Holms-Duffing system has been improved to enhance the anti-noise performance of the system, and then the Duffing system can be used to detect the signal in a broadband frequency through time transformation. At the same time, the four Duffing systems array model has been used to solve the misjudgment problem of the Duffing system caused by the phase difference. When the Duffing system is in a large period state, the complexity of the displacement sequence is smaller than that in the chaotic state. According to this characteristic, a method for diagnosing weak bearing faults based on the Duffing system and LMC difference entropy(LMCD) is proposed. In this paper, simulation signal with strong noise components and the real fault signals have been used to verify the suggested method. The proposed methods in this paper have certain practical value in the field of fault diagnosis.
Optimization of cavitation characteristics of axial flow submersible pump
Authors: Pei Hansheng , Wang Xuemin
Published: November 2022

In view of the problem that the actual performance of axial-flow pump is less than the theoretical design value, Taking the axial-flow pump with a designed flow rate of 350L/s as the research object. The theoretical relationship between impeller head and outlet installation angle was studied. The influence of different blade angles on the external characteristics of the impeller was analyzed. Through the analysis of different external characteristics corresponding to different blade outlet installation angles, the influence of blade installation angles on shaft oil pump performance is verified, and the theoretical basis for the structural optimization of axial flow pump is provided.
Design and analysis of a climbing robot for weld detection
Authors: Li Zhongqin , Fan Jiaqing
Published: November 2022

The climbing robot is gradually applied to the safety weld detection on large metal walls to avoid manual operation. However, most robots are difficult to perform efficient operations for the poor performance on obstacle overcoming, flexible turning and motion stability. This paper presents a weld detection climbing robot, which integrates contact permanent magnet adsorption units and crawler chain mobile mechanism to obtain continuous, flexible and stable motion performance on large metal walls. By establishing the robot mechanical model, the minimum adsorption force can be calculated considering the instability conditions such as sliding, longitudinal overturning and lateral overturning. Combined with the Ansys Maxwell simulation, the magnet structure was optimized to obtain the structural size of a single permanent magnet adsorption unit. Experimental results show the robot can achieve stable motion and accurate detection on large metal walls with welds, and the maximum load of the robot can reach to 15.6 kg, which meets the engineering application requirements of weld detection on large metal walls.
Design of Intelligent Car Control Based on EEG Signal
Authors: Tang Lili
Published: November 2022

Based on the TGAM (ThinkGear Asic Module) EEG sensor, this paper mainly carried out the research and design of intelligent car control method. By collecting brainwave and analyzing TGAM output data, the required concentration parameters can be obtained. STM32F1 series MCU is used as the main controller to analyze data and control the car. The bluetooth module based on Bluetooth 4.0 technology is used to realize data communication. The power system includes L298N motor drive module, two independent DC motor and universal wheel. The software part mainly uses C language for development, the core part of the program is ThinkGear communication protocol analysis. Finally, the design realizes the control of the vehicle motion state through different values of concentration, which lays a foundation for further popularization and application.
Path Planning of Mobile Robot Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Wei Yongdong , Feng Jihe , Huang Yuming , Liu Kaiwei , Ren Bin
Published: November 2022

With the continuous development of science and technology, mobile robots are gradually applied to people’s routine life. As one of the key technologies of mobile robots, the performance of path planning algorithms is a significant factor affecting its efficiency. On the basis of using a traditional Genetic Algorithm for path planning, combined with specific application scenarios, this paper proposes a new path planning algorithm for mobile robots. The path smoothness and the number of path corners are added to the fitness function to evaluate the path, so as to select a more superior path. Simulation experiments in MATLAB show the validity and feasibility of the modified method. By comparison to the traditional GA and other classical path planning algorithms, the optimal path selected has fewer turning angles under the same path length, which has a better application effect and greatly improves the working efficiency and stability.
Design and calibration of the DC electric-field strength measuring instrument by horizontal vibration
Authors: Liu Fengchun , Tu Shan , Zhang Yifeng , Liu Yuhuan
Published: November 2022

The synthesis electric field is an important indicator to assess electromagnetic environment of DC transmission line, and field mill is often used in practical engineering. In order to solve the problem that the shielding plate in the field mill have unreliable grounding due to rotation and the electric field is distorted by accumulated charge, the structure of static shielding plate and moving induction plate are designed in this paper. On this basis, a complete synthetic electric field measuring device is developed. The instrument is calibrated under laboratory conditions, and the results show that calibration curve has good linear characteristic.
Design of Testing Device and Precision Assessment for Temperature Control Blanket in Medical Use
Authors: Xu Yang , Ren Tingting , Gong Wei , Luo Han , Zhang Tao
Published: November 2022

The temperature control blanket in medical use is a device that can help regulate the temperature of the human body by controlling the temperature of the circulating liquid in the blanket and physically warming or cooling the human body. This article presents a novel design of precision assessment method of temperature control blanket by studying the essential metrological parameters of the device and designing a testing device for load simulation. The experimental results show that the measurement method and the design of the simulated load presented in this article can establish the metrological traceability system of temperature control blanket in medical use in China in order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the device, which is of great importance for the quality control of the device.
Research on impact localization method based on passive tomography of piezoelectric sensors
Authors: Yang Weixi , Cao Xin , Chao Hongxiao
Published: November 2022

Impact monitoring of plate structures has always been a hot spot in structural health monitoring research. In order to improve the accuracy of impact monitoring, this paper proposes a beam-focusing impact localization algorithm based on passive tomography using a sensor arrangement method in a ring array. The impact damage monitoring of large-sized structures in different directions is performed by each linear array of the ring array and the impact damage localization distribution maps of the corresponding linear arrays are generated. The localization accuracy of the linear arrays in different directions is obtained experimentally to assign the weights of each linear array to achieve image reconstruction of the impact damage. The experimental results show that the method can achieve a more accurate visualization of the impact location, and the reconstructed impact laminar image can well reflect the impact location distribution information. It can be used for the localization of impact damage and extended monitoring.
A Remote Monitoring and Maintenance System for Industrial Robots
Authors: Zhou Jian , Ding Xiao-jian , Sun Li-Jun , Yang Yun-Fan , Wang Yuan-hang , Liu Wen-Wei
Published: November 2022

Technologies such as external sensors, data acquisition, trend analysis, and cloud services make remote operation and maintenance of equipment status monitoring more convenient and lower maintenance costs. In this paper, an industrial robot operation and maintenance system is designed. First, the online monitoring of the robot is realized by collecting the control parameters, state parameters, fault information and external sensor monitoring information of the industrial robot. Then, the health baseline of the industrial robot is established based on the historical operation data. The online data is compared with the baseline data to realize the online assessment of the robot’s health status. Finally, a visualization platform for remote operation and maintenance of the robot is built to realize the online display of parameters, health trend tracking and fault status early warning, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to take timely countermeasures.
Test Technology of Digital Prototype for Electric Resistance Equipment and Its Application in Simulation Platform
Authors: Zhu Zhijun , Qiang Lu , Yang Jian , Luo Siwei , Su Dongchu
Published: November 2022

The concept and technical principle of the digital prototype are introduced, and the test content and method of the digital prototype for reactance equipment are proposed. For typical communication countermeasure equipment, the content and essence of the digital prototype are discussed in detail. How to carry out the acceptance test and how to apply it in the simulation platform in the future are also discussed. A simple digital prototype, prototype test platform, and simulation platform are constructed to verify the concepts and methods proposed in this paper.
Research on Instrumentation Health Status Evaluation MethodBased on Neural Network
Authors: Jiang Wenrui , Lin Yiyong , Zhao Lifen , Wang Yi
Published: November 2022

Metrology support includes the management of measurement equipment and measurement process, which is an indispensable part of engineering construction. Aiming at the health status of instrumentation in use in enterprises metrological verification, BP and SOFM neural networks are introduced, the characteristics of the two neural networks are introduced, the sample data system and network algorithm are designed, and a set of scientific and complete evaluation methods are produced through algorithm practice and data analysis, which provides direction for the research on the health status of instrumentation in use.
Research on Fusion Algorithm of Beidou and AIS Based on Improved Federated Filter
Authors: Jia Jingjun , Huang Feijiang , Cao Yujun , Cao Hui , Bai Ming , Feng Bin , Chen Zhong
Published: November 2022

In order to solve the problem of insufficient accuracy and reliability of ship position display in AIS(Automatic Identification System) system, a federated Kalman filter is designed, an open algorithm architecture is built, AIS and BDS positioning information sources are selected for fusion, and the information fusion part of the federated Kalman filter framework is improved by IMMF algorithm and covariance crossover algorithm to obtain more accurate and reliable target position information and ship motion state. Simulation experiments are carried out, and the experimental results show that, compared with GPS positioning or BDS(Bei Dou Navigation Satellite) positioning in AIS alone, AIS/BDS combined positioning based on federated Kalman filter structure has higher system fault tolerance, positioning accuracy and stability, and improves the safety of ship navigation.
Numerical analysis on dynamic behaviour of novel grooved cylindrical casing with different explosive loads
Authors: Gao Qian , Ye Ping , Sun Qitian , Hao Wei , Shi Peizhuo , Yao Wang , Dong Yongxiang
Published: November 2022

The grooved casing has been widely used to control the size of the fragment. In order to study the dynamic behaviour and fragmentation of the novel grooved structure casing with different explosive loads, we established a numerical model in which two kinds of grooves with different depths are alternated on the casing, and different diameter charges are used to form different explosive loading. Through the orthogonal test, the rules of casing fragmentation influenced by different factors are also obtained. The study shows that the novel grooved casing can be ruptured in two fragmentation characteristics with different fragment sizes under different explosive loads. The cylindrical casing first ruptured at Groove I and then the stress in the casing was unloaded, so that the growth of the crack at Groove II was impeded. And there were two strain bands formed from the root of the grooves, and the direction was 45° with the radius. The primary factor affecting the fragmentation of casing is the depth of Groove II, followed by the depth of Groove I and load strength under the conditions studied in this paper.
Development of resistance spot welding material card for dissimilar automobile plates
Authors: Guo J , Sun Y , Wang M Z , Song B
Published: November 2022

Taking the resistance spot welding of automotive steel DC04-HC420LA as an example, the failure forces including cross tensile, shear tensile and pull-out tensile tests were obtained in the test for dissimilar materials. The fracture failure model of resistance spot welding of dissimilar materials was established by the finite element analysis method. It was compared with the experimental data to verify the accuracy of the finite element analysis model of solder joint failure mode. And then the data of the welding material card was calibrated and verified. Finally, an accurate dissimilar welding material card was established, which can predict the solder joint failure of the key sensitive parts in the whole vehicle CAE collision analysis, and improve the accuracy of CAE collision analysis.
Vibration fatigue analysis of the main pulley frame of a rotary drilling rig based on a real vehicle test
Authors: Guo Haiyong , Qin Jiangbing , Wu Hongen , Yue Zhenwei , Bian Hongfeng
Published: November 2022

The pulley frame of a rotary drilling rig is located at the top of the mast and plays the role of changing the direction of wire rope movement. For a certain type of rotary drilling rig, the front cover plate of the main pulley frame was cracked and damaged during the working process, and the vibration signal of the pulley frame was tested under the relevant working conditions using the test method. 3D computer-aided design (CAD) modelling of the pulley frame was performed using the Creo software, from PTC [1]. The CAD model was used to create a finite element model using ANSYS [2] software. An analysis was performed using ANSYS Workbench and the nCode Designlife [3] software to provide a fatigue life estimation of the main pulley frame, focusing upon a random vibration fatigue life analysis approach. This paper describes an approach for industry and academia to analyze, design and optimize such pulley frames for rotary drilling rigs.
Microstructure and mechanical property of a novel hot dip galvanized dual phase steel with high ductility
Authors: Hu Zhiping , Wang Keqiang , Guo Jinyu
Published: November 2022

A novel hot dip galvanized dual phase steel with high ductility (DH) was designed with a novel chemical composition and hot-galvanized process. An ideal microstructure composed of ferrite, martensite, bainite and retained austenite was obtained in DH steel. Consequently, subjected to similar hot dip galvanizing process, a higher ductility was obtained in DH steel. The result indicated that retained austenite was beneficial to ductility, obvious TRIP effect of retained austenite presented during the whole tensile deformation, contributing to the strength and ductility.
Chromium doped tungsten alloy for plasma-facing components of fusion reactors formed by compression plasma flows
Authors: Mazrouei S Al , Mohanta A , Shymanski V I , Matras G , Kasmi C
Published: November 2022

Chromium doped tungsten (Cr-W) alloys are formed by compression plasma flows (CPFs) treatment at different absorbed energy densities (20 – 50 J/cm2), and are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), and the Vickers hardness test. XRD analysis betokens that the dominant crystal orientation changes from (110) to (200) after CPFs treatment, and the intensity ratio (I200/I110) between the diffraction lines corresponding to (200) and (110) planes increases with an increase in the absorbed energy density. SEM and EDX analyses betoken spatial inhomogeneity at 20 J/cm2, improved uniformity at 30 J/cm2, and cracks at higher energy density. The hardness of the Cr-W alloy varies with absorbed energy density and has a maximum value of 379 HV at 20 J/cm2.
Diameter-thickness ratio influence on large civil aircraft fuse pins’ strength
Authors: Yu Muqi , Zhang Pengfei , Xue Caijun
Published: November 2022

The emergency break-away technology of civil aircraft is particularly important to the safety of aircraft, and the fuse pin is the key to the realization of emergency break-away technology. A type of civil aircraft pylon fuse pin was taken as the research object. Firstly, the finite element structure model of the fuse pin was established by ABAQUS, and the explicit dynamic algorithm was used to study the break-away process and load of the fuse pins. Secondly, the shear failure test of the fuse pin was designed to verify the accuracy of the finite element model. Finally, the influence of the diameter-thickness ratio on the failure mode and load of the fuse pins was studied. Comparing the failure load with the theoretical value, it can be concluded that the simulated and theoretical values of the failure load of the fuse pins were in good agreement under a certain range of diameter -thickness ratio, which provided references for the selection of the real fuse pins.
Experimental analysis on mechanical properties of different varieties hop stems
Authors: Yang Jing , Ma Zhaoyi , Zhang Shaoqiang , Li Xiaokang , Luo Haiyu , Feng Yanwei
Published: November 2022

So as to explore the mechanical properties of different varieties hop stems during the harvest period and resolve the problems of weak applicability in the cutting device of the hops harvester, this paper took the hops stems such two varieties as Qingdao Flower and Marco Polo as samples, and carried out tensile and cutting tests by using the universal testing machine. The tensile stress, tensile strength, elastic modulus and other mechanical indexes of the stems were measured by tensile test. The test results show that the stems of Marco Polo are thicker than those of Qingdao Flower. The tensile stress of Marco Polo is higher than that of Qingdao Flower and the tensile strength of Marco Polo is smaller than that of Qingdao Flower. The elastic modulus of Marco Polo is almost half of Qingdao Flower. The single factor test was carried out with the factors of cutting speed, cutting mode and water content. The single factor test shows that when cutting speed increase from 50mm / min to 250mm / min, the cutting strength of two stems first decrease and then tend to be stable. When the cutting modes are oblique cutting, transverse cutting and sliding cutting, the cutting strength decreases in turn. In the same cutting mode, the cutting strength of Qingdao Flower is greater than that of Marco Polo. With the increase of water content, the cutting strength of the two stems decreases significantly. On this basis, the orthogonal test was performed to determine the best cutting parameters. The orthogonal test shows that the primary and secondary order of the influence in test factors on cutting strength is water content, cutting mode and cutting speed. The effect of water content on Marco Polo cutting strength is extremely significant, and it has a significant effect on Qingdao Flower; The effect of cutting mode on the cutting strength of two kinds of stems is significant, while the effect of cutting speed on the cutting strength of two kinds of stems is not significant. The best cutting parameters of hops stems are fresh sample, speed of 100 mm / min, sliding cutting mode. The above analysis supplies a theoretical foundation for designation and optimization the cutting device.
A CMOS down-conversion mixer for microwave radar application
Authors: Lin Shaopan , Su Boming , Chen Sikai , Wu Yi , Huang Guochi
Published: November 2022

This paper introduces a CMOS down-conversion mixer for microwave radar application. The mixer is based on the classical Gilbert cell architecture, using PMOS current bleeding technology and cross-coupling as a transconductance stage to further elevate the conversion gain and decrease the noise factor, while introducing source negative feedback technology to enhance the linearity performance of the mixer. Using the SMIC 0.13 um CMOS process, the simulation results prove that the frequency conversion gain of the mixer is 12.31 dB, the noise factor is 21.16 dB, and the -1dB compression point of the output is -12.66 dBm when the input RF signal is 10 GHz and the output IF signal is 10 MHz. The third-order intermodulation cut-off point is -1.70 dBm, and the power dissipation is 3.16 mW under a 1.2 V power supply.
Thermal analysis and package optimization for the multi-wavelength laser bar module
Authors: Sun Wanjun , Yang Lijiao , Xie Jianan , Zhang Xiaxia , Sha Yang , Mi Shuai , Lin Tao
Published: November 2022

To meet the demand of the laser application market for semiconductor laser function diversification, this paper proposes a handheld multi-wavelength laser stack packaging module. The 808 nm, 915 nm, and 980 nm semiconductor laser bars are selected for the integrated assembly of the multi-wavelength module. However, with the continuous increase of the optical power density of the integrated packaging module, thermal management has become a key factor affecting the performance and life of the device. In this paper, the finite element analysis method is used to analyze the influence of the arrangement of three laser stripe chips in the stacked packaging structure on the heat dissipation of the multi-wavelength module. The simulation results show that the heat dissipation efficiency of the multi-wavelength module can be improved by 13.74 % by changing the arrangement of chips. A back heat dissipation packaging structure with higher heat dissipation efficiency is proposed, and the influence of chip arrangement and working mode on the thermal characteristics of the device in the new packaging structure is simulated and analyzed. According to the simulation results, a chip arrangement that can make the heat dissipation effect of the multi-wavelength module achieve the best is determined.
Failure Analysis of the Solder Discoloration After Vacuum Sintering of Power Chips
Authors: Li Song Ling , Zhang Ming Hua , Fei Jing Ming , Xiang Yu Yan , Sun Xiao Feng , Chen Tao , Wu Qiong , Peng Cong Hui , Chen Qing , Liu Xue Ying , Cheng Long , Zhang Ya Guang
Published: November 2022

In this paper, the discoloration of the solder after the vacuum sintering of the power chip is analyzed. The morphology and composition of the discoloration area were characterized and analyzed by the metallographic microscope, SEM, EDS and XPS, and the discoloration mechanism was studied. The analysis results show that the main components of the color-changing solder are C, O, Pb, Sn, Ni, Ag, and Au, which are the normal components of the solder after vacuum sintering. The reason for color-changing is the oxidation of the Sn element, and the different thickness of oxide shows different colors. The discoloration solder was treated with formic acid, and the solder returned to bright silver-white. The test further confirmed that the discoloration was caused by metal oxidation. The problem of solder discoloration is solved by optimizing the process to reduce the sintering time and vacuum defoaming time.
Transient characteristics emulated in modified graphene-oxide solid electrolyte gated synaptic transistors
Authors: Qi Hong-Fang , Wen Juan
Published: November 2022

To develop neuromorphic computational systems and achieve artificial intelligence, it is crucial to realize neuromorphic devices that mimic basic neural behavior. The electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) were fabricated using a 3-triethoxysilylpropylamine modified graphene-oxide (KH550-GO) electrolyte. The transistor exhibited good performance owing to the EDL effect of the KH550-GO electrolyte. A resistor-load inverter was also achieved with a high voltage gain of 12.4, and have low operating voltage. Furthermore, the crucial short-term synaptic plasticity(STP) functions, including excitatory post-synaptic current (EPSC) and high-pass filtering, were realized. More importantly, adaptation was emulated in our devices.
System Design of Temperature Measurement and Sampling Robot in Steel Plan
Authors: Bian Yan , Yi Dengli , Cao Yifan
Published: November 2022

In the traditional steel-making production process, the workers use a 20kg temperature measuring gun to insert into the ladle with more than 1500 degrees Celsius for temperature measurement and sampling. Each furnace must take the temperature at least 4 to 6 times, with sampling 3 to 5 times. The labor intensity is heavy. Due to the high temperature and dust at the furnace’s mouth, the environment is bad, and there are unforeseen emergencies such as molten steel explosion, which has a large potential safety hazard. Therefore, using industrial robots’ temperature measurement and sampling can reduce the labor intensity of workers and improve safety factors. This paper studies and designs the temperature measurement and sampling robot system in the steel plant, in order to avoid manual temperature sampling. Using industrial robots as the platform, using SolidWorks software to model and build the system. The path planning and simulation of the temperature measurement sampling robot is conducted through Robot Studio software, and then Adams software is used to conduct the dynamic simulation analysis, the results show the motion of the robot after visual simulation and obtain the dynamic parameters and verify the reasonable feasibility of the path.
A 3-D Integrated Common Mode Filter Based on Through Silicon vias Technology
Authors: Wang Fengjuan , Huang Haoxiang , Yin Xiangkun , Yu Ningmei , Yang Yuan
Published: November 2022

Common mode filters (CMF) are widely used to ensure signal integrity. However, due to the large area, traditional CMFs cannot meet the eager demand for the miniaturization of modern communication systems. In this paper, a three-dimensional integrated CMF based on through silicon vias (TSV) technology is proposed. The adoption of TSV technology greatly reduces the area of CMF. The structure is modeled and simulated by HFSS software. The stopband of the common mode signal is 7.9 GHz ~ 18.8 GHz. In the operating frequency band, the effect of group delay jitter on frequency is less than 10 ps. Moreover, the plane area of the CMF is only 0.195 mm2.
ZnO-based Piezotronic Avalanche Devices
Authors: Zhu Ping , Zhang Yan
Published: November 2022

High-performance piezotronic semiconductor devices have been proven to apply in signal detection, energy converter, and other important fields. Avalanche breakdown is a classical current amplification mechanism. Combining the piezotronic polarization charges regulation of the avalanche process, we novelty proposed a piezotronic PIN diode based on ZnO and used the FEM to calculate the characteristic of the device. The gauge factor can reach 106. This study can guide the design of ultrahigh sensitivity piezotronic photodetectors.
Double Sided Wideband Concentric Ring Spatial Filters for Mid-Band 5G Devices
Authors: Kapoor Ankush , Kumar Pradeep , Mishra Ranjan
Published: November 2022

This paper presents the methodology, development, and implementation of the double concentric ring band-pass frequency selective surface (FSS) based spatial filters. The filters are designed to improve the active responses of the 5G antennas by incorporating them as superstrate or as substrates. A comparable circuit model is used to anticipate the resonant frequency bands required for predicting the FSS band-pass behavior. The designed spatial filter is composed of a combination of periodic circular loop structures engraved on both sides of a thin dielectric substrate. The proposed design of a double circular loop FSS exhibits band-pass characteristics for n77, n78, and n79 bands of the mid-band 5G spectrum (ranging from 3 GHz - 6 GHz) and provides insensitivity to polarization angles of the incident plane wave. The computed, simulated, and measured findings are all depicting a similar pattern that validates our structure.
Searching the biophilic parameters for a township: A case study of Sentul City, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Mardiastuti Ani
Published: November 2022

There has been a global attempt to evaluate and regenerate cities, residential areas, and building toward a more biophilic (‘connect with nature’) design, as an effort in promoting development based on environmental sustainability. The objective of the study was to search proper biophilic parameters to be applied for a township, and provide some necessary suggestions for the proposed parameters. Sentul City township was selected as a model to develop the parameters. Literature studies on biophilic design combined with an intensive field survey were performed to develop the parameters. Scales and parameters were developed accordingly. There were 37 parameters across four scales (entire township, building, block or cluster, household) and one sub-scale (neighbourhood) that were developed for the township being studied. Eight parameters were overlapped among the parameters, resulting in 29 non-overlapping parameters. To decrease some ambiguity and confusion, photos representing parameters of each scale were also included in this paper. Some parameters could be much more important than others, and thus weighting and standardization might be necessary in the later steps. As this result is still in embryonic stages, further development and elaboration of the parameters is still needed, involving many researchers and practitioners from relevant background.
Effect of intermediate annealing on microstructure and mechanical property of a Fe−19Mn−0.6C TWIP steel
Authors: Xue Hui , Yuan Hui , Guo Kai , Zhang Mengmeng
Published: November 2022

Annealing is an effective strategy to improve the properties of high-strength twin-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels, however, the adaption of intermediate annealing during cold rolling (CR) is scarcely studied. Here, the Fe-19Mn-0.6C TWIP steel was subjected to CR-annealing and CR-intermediate annealing-CR-annealing processes at room temperature to determine the role of intermediate annealing in the improvement of microstructure and mechanical properties. The total cold-rolled reduction in both processes is 75%. The morphological and phase characterizations of the TWIP steel annealed for 1 h showed that uneven element distribution had occurred as the annealing temperature was greater than the recrystallization start temperature, causing the presence of minor carbides. Moreover, the carbides vanished at the recrystallization end temperature and were quantitatively analyzed content via the refined XRD. Finally, the recrystallized austenite grains completely replaced the cold-deformed microstructures. At the same total CR reduction of 75%, the TWIP steel exerted intermediate annealing facilitates the formation of twins, endowing the tensile strength vast increase. This would provide a significant reference to improve the mechanical properties of steels via annealing.
Investigation on spheroidization of refractory tungsten powders by laminar DC plasma torch
Authors: Ma Y , Ke W , Yang K , Zhu X D
Published: November 2022

The spherical tungsten powders were prepared by a low-power DC laminar plasma torch. At a discharge current of 50 A, the tungsten powder fed downstream cannot be spheroidized by using Ar discharge, while a small number of spherical particles can be observed with upstream feeding. When N2 is added to the working gas, the input power is increased to maintain the same discharge current, which leads to the increase of plasma jet length, thereby expanding the effective high temperature region. Optical emission spectroscopy measurements show that the electron excitation temperature of N2-Ar mixed discharge is higher than that of argon discharge. In addition, compared with argon plasma, N2-Ar mixed gas plasma has larger thermal conductivity due to the molecular dissociation. Therefore, the heat is more efficiently transferred from the plasma to the tungsten particles. The improvement of plasma jet and heat transfer characteristics by introducing nitrogen into the discharge contributes to the increase of spheroidization rate. EDS analysis shows that the oxygen content in the tungsten particles decreases after spheroidization, which is caused by the evaporation of tungsten oxide during plasma treatment.
A study on methylene blue degradation: enhanced photocatalytic activity of Ag-ZnO nanocomposities
Authors: Sudhan N , Rathiha S K , Balasubramanian V , Pandiaraman M , Aravind D , Natarajan Varagunapandiyan , Ismail Mohamed A , G Vinodhkumar
Published: November 2022

Silver/Zinc Oxide nanocomposites (Ag-ZnO NCs) were fabricated by varying the weight percentages of both Ag and ZnO for investigating its photocatalytic activity. The structural, morphology and optical response of the prepared nanocomposites were examined with PXRD, FESEM, TEM, EDAX, XPS, FT-IR, UV–vis-DRS and PL spectroscopy. The effect of Ag and ZnO concentrations on these nanocomposites was examinedby analyzing thephotocatalytic activity towards Methylene Blue (MB) dye degradationunder the UV irradiation. The overall results suggested that, AZ1:1 NC achieved better photocatalytic activity than AZ1:2 and AZ2:1 composition. Therefore, the present study demonstrated the viability of the Ag-ZnO NCs in remediation of environmental pollutant and treatment of waste water.
Self-supervised learning of materials concepts from crystal structures via deep neural networks
Authors: Suzuki Yuta , Taniai Tatsunori , Saito Kotaro , Ushiku Yoshitaka , Ono Kanta
Published: November 2022

Material development involves laborious processes to explore the vast materials space. The key to accelerating these processes is understanding the structure-functionality relationships of materials. Machine learning has enabled large-scale analysis of underlying relationships between materials via their vector representations, or embeddings. However, the learning of material embeddings spanning most known inorganic materials has remained largely unexplored due to the expert knowledge and efforts required to annotate large-scale materials data. Here we show that our self-supervised deep learning approach can successfully learn material embeddings from crystal structures of over 120 000 materials, without any annotations, to capture the structure-functionality relationships among materials. These embeddings revealed the profound similarity between materials, or ‘materials concepts’, such as cuprate superconductors and lithium-ion battery materials from the unannotated structural data. Consequently, our results enable us to both draw a large-scale map of the materials space, capturing various materials concepts, and measure the functionality-aware similarities between materials. Our findings will enable more strategic approaches to material development.
NeuralNEB—neural networks can find reaction paths fast
Authors: Schreiner Mathias , Bhowmik Arghya , Vegge Tejs , Jørgensen Peter Bjørn , Winther Ole
Published: November 2022

Quantum mechanical methods like density functional theory (DFT) are used with great success alongside efficient search algorithms for studying kinetics of reactive systems. However, DFT is prohibitively expensive for large scale exploration. Machine learning (ML) models have turned out to be excellent emulators of small molecule DFT calculations and could possibly replace DFT in such tasks. For kinetics, success relies primarily on the models’ capability to accurately predict the potential energy surface around transition-states and minimal energy paths. Previously this has not been possible due to scarcity of relevant data in the literature. In this paper we train equivariant graph neural network-based models on data from 10 000 elementary reactions from the recently published Transition1x dataset. We apply the models as potentials for the nudged elastic band algorithm and achieve a mean average error of 0.23 eV and root mean squared error of 0.52 eV on barrier energies on unseen reactions. We compare the results against equivalent models trained on QM9x and ANI1x. We also compare with and outperform Density Functional based Tight Binding on both accuracy and required computational resources. The implication is that ML models are now at a level where they can be applied to studying chemical reaction kinetics given a sufficient amount of data relevant to this task.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Behavioral Economic Incentive Programs for Goal Achievement on Healthy Diet, Weight Control and Physical Activity: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Boonmanunt Suparee , Pattanaprateep Oraluck , Ongphiphadhanakul Boonsong , McKay Gareth , Attia John , Vlaev Ivo , Thakkinstian Ammarin
Published: November 2022

Background

Healthy diet, weight control and physical activity to reduce obesity can be motivated by financial incentives (FI). Behavioral-economic approaches may improve the incentivization effectiveness. This study compares and ranks the effectiveness of standard and behavioral incentivization for healthy diet, weight control, and physical activity promotion.

Purpose

To investigate whether behavioral-economic insights improve incentivization effectiveness.

Methods

A systematic search of Medline and Scopus was performed from database inception to December 2020. Study characteristics, program designs, and risk ratio (RR) were extracted. A two-stage network meta-analysis pooled and ranked intervention effects.

Results

There were 35 eligible RCTs. For diet-weight control, standard FI, deposit contract (deposit), lottery-based incentive (lottery), and standard-FI + lottery increased goal achievement compared to no-FI but only deposit was statistically significant with pooled RRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of 1.21 (0.94, 1.56), 1.79 (1.04, 3.05), 1.45 (0.99, 2.13), and 1.73 (0.83, 3.63). For physical activity, standard-FI, deposit, and lottery significantly increased goal achievement compared to no-FI, with pooled RRs of 1.38 (1.13, 1.68), 1.63 (1.24, 2.14) and 1.43 (1.14, 1.80), respectively. In a follow-up period for physical activity, only deposit significantly increased goal achievement compared to no-FI, with pooled RRs of 1.39 (1.11, 1.73).

Conclusion

Deposit, followed by lottery, were best for motivating healthy diet, weight control and physical activity at program end. Post-intervention, deposit then standard-FI were best for motivating physical activity. Behavioral insights can improve incentivization effectiveness, although lottery-based approaches may offer only short-term benefit regarding physical activity. However, the imprecise intervention effects were major concerns.
Type III effector provides a novel symbiotic pathway in legume–rhizobia symbiosis
Authors: Ratu Safirah Tasa Nerves , Amelia Lidia , Okazaki Shin
Published: November 2022

Rhizobia form nodules on the roots of legumes and fix atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, thus supplying it to host legumes. In return, plants supply photosynthetic products to maintain rhizobial activities. In most cases, rhizobial Nod factors (NFs) and their leguminous receptors (NFRs) are essential for the establishment of symbiosis. However, recent studies have discovered a novel symbiotic pathway in which rhizobia utilize the type III effectors (T3Es) similar to the pathogenic bacteria to induce nodulation. The T3Es of rhizobia are thought to be evolved from the pathogen, but they have a unique structure distinct from the pathogen, suggesting that it might be customized for symbiotic purposes. This review will focus on the recent findings from the study of rhizobial T3Es, discussing their features on a symbiont and pathogen, and the future perspectives on the role of rhizobial T3Es in symbiosis control technology.
Pseudomonas bohemica strain ins3 eliminates antibacterial hinokitiol from its culture broth
Authors: Machino Ken , Sakakibara Yoshimichi , Osada Kota , Ochiai Takahiro , Uraki Yasumitsu , Shigetomi Kengo
Published: November 2022

A bacterial strain, Pseudomonas bohemica strain ins3 was newly isolated as a resistant strain against high concentrations of hinokitiol. This strain was revealed not only to show resistance but also completely remove this compound from its culture broth. In addition, its mechanism was revealed to be independent of conventional aromatic dioxygenases, ie catechol-1,2- or 2,3-dioxygenases.
Group social structure has limited impact on reproductive success in a wild mammal
Authors: Philson Conner S , Blumstein Daniel T
Published: November 2022

The frequency and type of dyadic social interactions individuals partake in has important fitness consequences. Social network analysis is an effective tool to quantify the complexity and consequences of these behaviors on the individual level. Less work has used social networks to quantify the social structure—specific attributes of the pattern of all social interactions in a network—of animal social groups, and its fitness consequences for those individuals who comprise the group. We studied the association between social structure, quantified via five network measures, and annual reproductive success in wild, free-living female yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventer). We quantified reproductive success in two ways: (1) if an individual successfully weaned a litter and (2) how many pups were weaned. Networks were constructed from 38 968 interactions between 726 unique individuals in 137 social groups across 19 years. Using generalized linear mixed models, we found largely no relationship between either measure of reproductive success and social structure. We found a modest relationship that females residing in more fragmentable social groups (i.e., groups breakable into two or more separate groups of two or more individuals) weaned larger litters. Prior work showed that yellow-bellied marmots residing in more fragmentable groups gained body mass faster—another important fitness correlate. Interestingly, we found no strong relationships between other attributes of social group structure, suggesting that in this facultatively social mammal, the position of individuals within their group, the individual social phenotype, may be more important for fitness than the emergent group social phenotype.
Paragraph—antibody paratope prediction using graph neural networks with minimal feature vectors
Authors: Chinery Lewis , Wahome Newton , Moal Iain , Deane Charlotte M
Published: November 2022

The development of new vaccines and antibody therapeutics typically takes several years and requires over $1bn in investment. Accurate knowledge of the paratope (antibody binding site) can speed up and reduce the cost of this process by improving our understanding of antibody–antigen binding. We present Paragraph, a structure-based paratope prediction tool that outperforms current state-of-the-art tools using simpler feature vectors and no antigen information.

Availability and implementation

Source code is freely available at www.github.com/oxpig/Paragraph.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.