bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(Auto)ethnography of Breastfeeding in Northern Ireland
Authors: Kempny Marta
Published: November 2021

This article takes an autoethnographic perspective to examine women’s experiences of breastfeeding in Northern Ireland (NI). It focuses on how social and cultural attitudes inform the practices of breastfeeding. The article draws on the feminist perspectives on breastfeeding that point to women’s agency and autonomy over their bodies. It explores how breastfeeding fits into the culture of risk society and attempts to minimize the risks associated with breastfeeding by health professionals in NI. The article then discusses the questions of breastfeeding in public and extended breastfeeding in social/cultural and religious context of NI, also raising the questions of ethnic backgrounds and social class as a factor contributing to mothers’ decisions whether to breastfeed or bottle-feed their babies. Finally, the author focuses on resistance to the hegemonic discourse encouraging formula feeding in NI society. The article analyses counternarratives to the dominant narratives of how to nurse children, pointing to mothers’ agency and a sense of empowerment.
Black Coffee
Authors: Price Daicia
Published: November 2021

Thirty-five years of formal education has left me feeling isolated. Daily encounters of racism, sexism, and microaggressions have led to difficulty with academic and professional achievement. All of these matters have affected me as a person who identifies as a Black female/woman in academic settings. In this autoethnography, I engage symbolic narrative prose and core components of Critical Race Theory (CRT) to provide an analysis of my personal experiences in educational settings across my lifespan. I bring forth my individual perspective and analysis that encompasses emotional and physical responses that occur while in academic settings as a Black female. Reflective autoethnography offers an opportunity to explore key themes, potential challenges, strengths, and future strategies for creating spaces in education that are supportive and encourage growth while also nurturing Black women to remain grounded in what feels natural and intrinsic to their cultural heritage and identity and expression of self.

“Black coffee with no sugar and no cream” is a colloquial phrase used to describe a Black woman who exudes her individual persona without apologies. Positive development of Black females who present as “Black coffee with no sugar and no cream” is unpropitious without intentional culturally responsive interventions. The addition of strong Black coffee to academic settings is crucial to continue efforts in creating a socially just educational system and society. Using reflexivity and metaphors, I describe my matriculation process in the Midwest region of the United States of America within a dichotomy of African-centered and Eurocentric education practices. Providing concepts to promote efficacious attainment of education, I hope to connect with readers who may have similar experiences or be in a position to reduce the adverse encounters a Black woman has in an academic environment at various levels.
The Silent A
Authors: Key Adam
Published: November 2021

This critical autoethnography explores experiences as an asexual cismale and the inherent tensions and struggles experienced in the dialectic between societal expectations of sexual desire as a man and the lack of sex drive characteristic of an asexual orientation. It explores the exclusion asexuals experience, as they occupy a third space between straightness and queerness, leaving them nowhere in either the gender or sexuality roles spectrums to truly call home. As asexuals exist in a space not often considered by heterosexual and queer individuals and asexual men exist between the tension of sexual expectation and orientation, music is utilized as a means of common language. This essay offers this connection through a series of autoethnographic glimpses, each set to a different song or lyric, as a soundtrack to give voice to the silenced experiences of asexuals.
Gendered perspective on online communication strategies: A case on English department students
Authors: Aziza Maulida Nur
Published: November 2021

This study aims to investigate whether gender influence on online communication strategies performed by the English Department. This study provides types of communication strategies, the frequency of communication strategies used, and the factors that influence students in differentiating communication strategies used by both male and female students. The researcher used qualitative approach. Online face-to-face conversation and interview were chosen as the data collection technique. For the research instruments that the researcher used were communication strategies sheet, interview, and audio and video recording. The participants of this study were the eight semester students of English Department. The data collected were analyzed used communication strategies taxonomies proposed by Celce-Murcia et al. (1995). The results of this study show that used variety of communication strategies. The most frequent communication strategy used both male and female students is fillers, hesitation devices, and gambits. It was proven by the percentage that was 50%. The least used communication strategy by the students is circumlocution (0,07%). Related to gender, female students almost show higher number of occurrences for all of the communication strategies than male students. This phenomenon happened due to some factors such as the female characteristics that is socially oriented, expressive and avoid making mistakes. Meanwhile, male students showed characteristics such as talk simpler, have a great willingness to manage anxiety and they seem to conceal their inability to others.
Skin whitening as a menace to African identity through Tony Morrison's 'The Bluest Eyes': An Afrocentric examination
Authors: Montle Malesela Edward
Published: November 2021

The African democratic forces, among other things, aimed to resuscitate and re-essentialise African identities that the colonial administration had endangered earlier. These autonomous corps dispensed mechanisms to champion Africanism and conscientise African natives about their heritage. The cherishing of African identities automated decolonial shifts and inculcated an urge into Africans to be proud of who they are and where they come from. Notwithstanding these efforts, the study diagnoses skin whitening as a stubborn nemesis that menaces the authenticity of Africanism in the present day. Many Africans, especially black women appear to be gravitated to skin whitening. This act embraces the attempt to alter oneâ€™s dark skin tone to be bright. Most of the skin whiteners are postulated to whiten their skins in an effort to qualify into the modern-day Eurocentric criterions of beauty at the expense of their black (African) identity. This paper employed a qualitative methodology and has relied on secondary data to unveil the extent to which skin whitening imperils African identities. It has employed Morrisonâ€™s The Bluest Eyes as a lens to crystalise the impacts of skin whitening on Africanism. The study has discovered that the skin-whitening phenomenon epitomises and perpetuates Eurocentric ideologies and it is preferred by most women because of the assumed glory that comes with the white identity such as social class, privilege, attractiveness, favour, and admiration.
FANÁTICO MORAL
Authors: Oliveira Anselmo Carvalho de
Published: November 2021

O artigo discute o fanático moral a partir da perspectiva do prescritivismo universal. (I) Discutem-se as teses da prescritividade e da universalizabilidade e o vínculo entre o prescritivismo universal e o utilitarismo. (II) Discutem-se o problema do fanático moral e o contra-argumento desenvolvido por Hare no livro Freedom and Reason. (III) Discute-se o contra-argumento desenvolvido por Hare no Moral Thinking. (IV) Discutem-se os limites dos argumentos do fanático. (V) Conclui-se que o contra-argumento do fanático moral não implica uma contradição no prescritivismo universal.
Chitosan oligomers and related nanoparticles as environmentally friendly wood preservatives
Authors: Khademibami Laya , Jeremic Dragica , Shmulsky Rubin , Barnes H. Michael
Published: November 2021

The efficacy of chitosan oligomers and related nanoparticles as environmentally friendly wood protection agents was evaluated in this study. Commercially sourced low-molecular weight chitosan was depolymerized using sodium nitrite. Evaluation of depolymerized chitosan to the nano level by thin layer chromatography confirmed acceptable results for obtaining a degree of polymerization of four. Then, oligomers were modified to form quaternized chitosan oligomers. Both quaternized and non-quaternized oligomers were mixed with tripolyphosphate (TPP) to form nano-chitosan-TPP particles via an ionic gelation method. Southern pine wood samples were treated with different chitosan-based solutions and suspensions under a vacuum impregnation process. The mass and volume of the treated samples were calculated before and after treatments to evaluate bulking. The mass loss after leaching of the treated wood samples was calculated. The mass and volume gain results indicated that quaternized nano-chitosan-TPP treated samples had more mass and volume gain after treatment in comparison with non-quaternized nano-chitosan-TPP-treated and control samples. The mass loss results revealed that mass loss increased in quaternized nano-chitosan-TPP particles. Although quaternized nano-chitosan particles were positively charged, they could not fix to the cell walls and became leached out. Therefore, these nanoparticles can likely be used as wood preservatives in non-leaching applications.
University Freshmen's Problem Drinking: Its Individual- and Family-Level Factors
Authors: Moon Jihyun , Noh Songwhi , Youn Yeji , Kim Yuri , Kang Eun , Choo Jina
Published: November 2021

Background: University students have been known as having a higher rate of problem drinking than the general population in South Korea. In particular, the university freshmen may experience problem drinking from increased occasions of frequent social gatherings at the first school year as they have increased time to freely use compared to the high school days. Problem drinking among university freshmen may be influenced by multiple factors. The present study aimed to examine the prevalence of problem drinking and to identify individualand family-level factors associated with university freshmen's problem drinking.Methods: A cross-sectional, correlation study was conducted. Participants were 227 university freshmen (70 men and 157 women) under the parenting of mother and father from 10 universities in Seoul. The problem drinking was evaluated by using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test. Alcohol Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale and Parental Authority Questionnaire for parenting behaviors were used.Results: The prevalence of problem drinking was 58.6% among university freshmen. An individual-level factor of alcohol abstinence self-efficacy was significantly associated with the prevalence of problem drinking (odds ratio, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.91-0.96) among university freshmen. However, any of family-level factors including types of parenting behaviors were not significantly associated with the prevalence of problem drinking.Conclusions: Alcohol abstinence self-efficacy may be a strong protective factor against university freshmen's problem drinking. University-based alcohol abstinence programs should comprise of nursing strategies including the enhancement of abstinence self-efficacy at the first school year.
Caring for Your Teenager
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics,
Published: November 2021

Spanning the full spectrum of adolescent development issues, this easy-to-use handbook helps parents and their children navigate the "tumultuous teens" with practical advice from a trusted authority--an essential "survival" guide to meet the challenge of raising a happy, healthy teenager. Now in one comprehensive AAP volume, parents can access accurate, up-to-date scientific information to promote and support positive physical, emotional, cognitive, and psychological growth in their teenagers. Covers a wide range of teen health and development issues--setting limits and maintaining discipline; handling peer pressure and the temptations of cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs; dating, sexuality, and sexually transmitted diseases; nutrition, body image, and eating disorders; changing relationships between teens and other family members; 12 keys to developing self-esteem; hormones and a teenager's changing body; and medical ailments common to teenagers.
Spanish for Pediatric Medicine
Authors: Machtinger Edward L. , Nigrovic Peter A.
Published: November 2021

Here's the easy-to-use manual you need to communicate with Spanish-speaking patients and parents more efficiently and effectively. Spanish for Pediatric Medicine features a quick-reference design that enables you to rapidly identify and explore common medical problems. English and Spanish equivalents are shown side-by-side for instant, precise use. This handy resource fits right in your pocket as you travel between well-child, sick visit, and emergency department settings. Optimized for use with Bright Futures--visit-specific translations from prenatal to 18- to 21-year visits reflect the organization of the AAP Bright Futures: Guidelines for Health Supervision of Infants, Children, and Adolescents, 3rd Edition.
Raising Twins: From Pregnancy to Preschool
Authors: Flais Shelly Vaziri
Published: November 2021

Sage advice from a pediatrician mom of twin boys! Offers tips and strategies for surviving (and enjoying!) the first few years of twins' lives. With insightful stories from her own experiences coupled with important information only a pediatrician can offer, Raising Twins will help parents - Prepare for the arrival of their twins - Survive the first few days and weeks with advice on sleep schedules, feeding choices, and finding support - Develop strategies to help successfully manage (and enjoy!) the first year of their twins' lives - Negotiate the toddler years, including potty training, language development, big-kid beds, budgets, and discipline - Understand the world of their twins as they become preschoolers, including socialization inside and outside the family, encouraging individualism, discipline and sleep issues.
Preventing Childhood Obesity in Early Care and Education Programs
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics,   American Public Health Association,   National Resource Center for Health and Safety in Child Care and Early Education
Published: November 2021

Preventing Childhood Obesity in Early Care and Education, 2nd ed. is the set of national standards describing evidence-based best practices in nutrition, physical activity, and screen time for early care and education programs.
Red Book Atlas of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Authors: Diseases AAP Committee on Infectious
Published: November 2021

The 2nd edition offers time-efficient, expert guidance on more than 100 pediatric infectious diseases.
Pediatric Clinical Practice Guidelines & Policies
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: November 2021

This evidence-based decision-making tool for managing common pediatric conditions has been revised and updated for 2013, with clinical practice guidelines for more than 30 conditions, plus every AAP policy statement, clinical report, and technical report through December 2012.
Building Resilience in Children and Teens
Authors: Ginsburg Kenneth R. , Jablow Martha M.
Published: November 2021

Building Resilience in Children and Teens, 3rd edition is fully revised and updated to be a multimedia edition!Along with timeless content about how to help your child gain the 7 Crucial C’s- competence, confidence, connection, character, contribution, coping, and control- this important parent resource includes updated chapters on topics like perfectionism, media literacy, and styles of discipline.
Raising Kids to Thrive
Authors: Kenneth R. Ginsburg
Published: November 2021

Pediatrician Ken Ginsburg has been helping parents of adolescents for many years, and now his twin teenage daughters, Talia and Ilana, have joined him in researching and writing Raising Kids to Thrive:Balancing Love With Expectations and Protection With Trust.

Offering essential tips on fostering resilience in teens, this book helps parents understand how they can balance unconditional love and still set high expectations for their children; as well recognize when to set boundaries or get out of kids' way so they can learn lessons firsthand.

This book will help parents

* Eliminate the need for "Helicopter" or "Tiger" parenting

* Become a stable beacon so your children can turn to you for guidance and self measurement

* Start meaningful conversations by being a sounding board, not necessarily a dictator

* Reduce anxiety - yours and theirs - as they venture out on their own

Combining Dr. Ginsburg's breadth of experience with the perspective of his daughters and the views of 500 adolescents, Raising Kids to Thrive offers a fresh take on how to successfully parent teens in today's complicated world
Succinct Pediatrics: Evaluation and Management for Common and Critical Care
Authors: Feld Leonard G. , Mahan John D.
Published: November 2021

The all-new Succinct Pediatrics: Evaluation and Management for Common and Critical Care takes a very direct and practical approach to the concerns pediatricians face on a daily basis.

The book features a heavy focus on the evaluation and management process of pediatric care, and the process by which physicians will come to the various clinical decisions they make.

This attention on medical decision-making (MDM) as well as featured “Levels of Evidence” which rate the various treatment courses, further integrates the practice of evidence-based medicine into daily care.

Coverage ranges from abdominal pain and back pain to fever, injuries and rashes, making this an ideal reference for pediatric health care providers.
Red Book Informe 2015 del Comite sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, 30.a edicion
Authors: FAAP Mary Anne Jackson MD
Published: November 2021

Guia autorizada del AAP a la manifestaciones, etiologia, epidemiologia, diagnostico y tratamiento de mas de 200 condiciones de la infancia.

El Libro Rojo proporciona una guia basada en la evidencia a la practica de los clinicos en infecciones pediatricas y vacunas basadas en las recomendaciones del comite, asi como la experiencia combinada de los CDC, la FDA y cientos de colaboradores medicos.

El Libro Rojo es una referencia esencial para pediatricos enfermedades infecciosas especialistas y pediatras generales, y es util para la medicina de familia y medicos de medicina de emergencia tambien. Los proveedores de salud publica y de salud de la escuela, medicos residentes y estudiantes tambien encontraran una fuente de alto rendimiento de la informacion pediatrica la enfermedad y la vacuna infecciosa.

El libro esta dividido en secciones que cubren

La inmunizacion activa y pasiva

Resumenes de Enfermedades

El tratamiento antimicrobiano para el tratamiento y profilaxis

Cuidado de los niños en situaciones especiales

Informacion y recomendaciones actualizadas que no pueden darse el lujo de estar sin ...

Enfoque estandarizado para la prevencion de enfermedades a traves de las vacunas, profilaxis antimicrobiana y las practicas de control de infecciones

Nuevo capitulo sobre Fiebres hemorragicas Causada por filovirus se ha añadido

Nuevo capitulo sobre infecciones Parechovirus humanos se ha añadido

Informacion actualizada sobre las reacciones de hipersensibilidad despues de inmunizaciones

Las ultimas sobre las infecciones de transmision sexual (ITS) en los adolescentes y los niños

Cobertura actualizada de actinomicosis, amebiases, arbovirus, vaginosis bacteriana, Blastocystis, candidiasis, Clostridium difficile, coronavirus, el dengue, enterovirus, Escherichia coli, Giardia intestinalis, las infecciones gonococicas, infecciones por Helicobacter pylori, enfermedad de Lyme, las infecciones meningococicas, pediculosis capitis, la tos ferina, el neumococo infecciones, rotavirus, y mas

Manejo del dolor de inyeccion se ha ampliado de manera significativa

Informacion actualizada sobre la hepatitis C

Informacion actualizada sobre el grupo B infecciones estreptococicas

Actualizado seccion sobre medicamentos para las infecciones parasitarias

Significativamente capitulo revisado sobre el virus sincitial respiratorio

Recomendaciones para el uso de las vacunas MMR o MMRV se han actualizado

El capitulo de la Resistencia a los Antimicrobianos Antimicrobianos y Mayordomia ha broaded significativamente y actualizada

Informacion actualizada sobre el VIH

!Y mucho mas!
Pediatric Clinical Practice Guidelines & Policies
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: November 2021

This evidence-based decision-making tool for managing common pediatric conditions has been revised and updated for 2016, with clinical practice guidelines for more than 30 conditions, plus every AAP policy statement, clinical report, and technical report through December 2015.
Succinct Pediatrics: Evaluation and Management for Newborn, Genetic, Neurologic, and Developmental-Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Feld Leonard G. , Mahan John D.
Published: November 2021

Obtain evidence-based information to make timely and accurate diagnoses and treatment decisions.

Continuing with this volume, Succinct Pediatrics is an ongoing series covering the entire scope of pediatric medicine. Each volume includes concise chapters with key features and invaluable tables and algorithms--resources health care professionals can use to deliver the highest quality of care.

This third volume features 41 topics with key points and detailed therapies in neonatology, genetics, neurology, and developmental and behavioral disorders. Evidence-based levels of decision support are also provided throughout the book to provide insight into diagnostic tests and treatment modalities.

Topics include

Apnea of Prematurity

Birth Injuries

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Down Syndrome and Turner Syndrome

Ataxia and Movement Disorders

Cerebral Palsy

Febrile Seizures

Hydrocephalus

Autism Spectrum Disorders

Behavior Patterns

And more...
Medical Risks of Marijuana
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: November 2021

In recent years, exposure to marijuana and other cannabinoids has become an increasing challenge. Legalization of marijuana for both medical and recreational use has already happened in some states, and more states are considering this. What is the risk of use or secondary exposure, including accidental ingestion, to marijuana or synthetic cannabinoids?

https://shop.aap.org/pediatric-collections-medical-risks-of-marijuana-paperback/
Immunization Strategies and Practices
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: November 2021

Vaccine delivery is a substantive portion of pediatric practice and addressing vaccine hesitancy is time-consuming. This collection of articles will assist providers by providing vaccine information and policy statements in a single, easily accessible platform.

https://shop.aap.org/pediatric-collections-immunization-strategies-and-practices-paperback/
Breastfeeding: Support, Challenges, and Benefits
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: November 2021

This print compendium of AAP editor-curated articles provides quick access to the latest, most salient studies to give a better understanding of the individual and public health effects of breastfeeding.

https://shop.aap.org/pediatric-collections-breastfeeding-support-challenges-and-benefits-paperback/
Nelson's Pediatric Antimicrobial Therapy 2020
Authors: Nelson John D.
Published: November 2021

The 26th edition provides practical, evidence-based recommendations from the experts in antimicrobial therapy for treatment of infectious diseases in children.
Co-parenting Through Separation and Divorce: Putting Your Children First
Authors: Blackstone Jann , Hill David L.
Published: November 2021

Co-Parenting Through Separation and Divorce offers a roadmap through one of life's most difficult challenges, with the goal of healthy, happy kids informing every decision along the way.

https://shop.aap.org/co-parenting-through-separation-and-divorce-paperback/
Quirky Kids
Authors: Klass Perri , Costello Eileen
Published: November 2021

This classic, coauthored by New York Times columnist and pediatrician Dr. Perri Klass, has been fully revised and updated to reflect the recent significant changes in the recognition and care of children whose development doesn't go as expected.

https://shop.aap.org/quirky-kids-2nd-edition-paperback/
Newborn and Infant Nutrition
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: November 2021

This all-new clinical resource provides valuable point-of-care decision support tools based on AAP policy for nutrition of newborns and infants.

https://shop.aap.org/newborn-and-infant-nutrition-a-clinical-decision-support-chart/
Pediatric Collections: Vaping: Effects and Solutions
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: November 2021

Electronic cigarettes are the tobacco products most commonly used by youths in the United States. The use of e-cigarettes, also known as vaping or JUULing, is a public health epidemic. This collection offers reviews and research to assist pediatric health care providers in identifying and treating adolescent use and exposure to e-cigarettes.

https://shop.aap.org/pediatric-collections-vaping-effects-and-solutions-paperback/
The CALM Baby Method: Solutions for Fussy Days and Sleepless Nights
Authors: Fishbein Mark , Ideran Patti
Published: November 2021

With decades of expertise as a pediatric occupational therapist and a pediatric gastroenterologist, the coauthors have helped thousands of parents soothe their high-needs infants, improving attachment, sleep, feeding, and overall quality of life for the whole family.

https://shop.aap.org/the-calm-baby-method-paperback/
The American Academy of Pediatrics: 90 Years of Caring for Children 1930-2020
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: November 2021

The American Academy of Pediatrics celebrates its 90th year in 2020. This collection of articles reprinted from AAP News recaps the Academy's accomplishments by decade and illustrates the organization's remarkably consistent goal of ensuring better health for all children. Highlights include Academy programs to prevent injury, promote immunization, provide professional and public education, create standards for child health, and advocate for legislation that benefits children at the national and local level.
The effect of nanosilver in carriers based on polymer/inorganic hybrids on the quality and safety of edible chicken eggs
Authors: Shevchenko L. V. , Dovbnia Y. Y. , Zheltonozhskaya T. B. , Permyakova N. M. , Vygovska L. M. , Ushkalov V. O.
Published: November 2021

One of the modern antibacterial agents that are an alternative to antibiotics are nanoparticles of noble metals, including silver. To reduce their toxicity, cumulative effect and prolong the effect in animals, there is ongoing work on development and improvement of the methods for their synthesis using various carriers, including those based on polymer/inorganic hybrids. In this study, the quality and safety of edible eggs were determined on Hy-Line laying hens using W36 solutions of nanosilver in carriers based on polymer/inorganic hybrids (AgNPs/SPH) in the concentration of 0.0, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L of water (0.0, 0.2 and 0.4 mg per hen per day) three times with 10 day interval. We determined that one-, two- and three-time feeding of nanosilver in doses of 0.0, 0.2 and 0.4 mg per hen per day did not affect water consumption, feed, egg productivity, as well as dry matter content, crude protein, fat, ash, and calcium and phosphorus in eggs for 30 days. Contamination of the surface of the shell and yolks of eggs with mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (MAFAnM) did not depend on the dose and duration of consumption of the nanosilver drug by laying hens. The nanosilver drug in doses of 0.0, 0.2 and 0.4 mg per hen per day did not affect the contamination of the egg shell surface with microorganisms of genera Citrobacter, Klebsiella, as well as Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis. When administered orally, nanosilver in the dose of 0.2 mg per hen per day did not change the number of symbiotic microorganisms of genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, while and the dose of 0.4 mg per hen daily slightly reduced the number of microorganisms of genus Lactobacillus in the hens’ manure. The obtained data can be used for further research to determine the effective dose and interval of application of nanosilver preparations to poultry for preventive and therapeutic measures, taking into account the preservation of the microbiome of the digestive system of hens.
The effect of Corvitin on the content of bile acids in the liver of rats under conditions of chronic social stress
Authors: Liashevych A. M. , Lupaina І. S. , Davydovska T. L. , Tsymbalyuk O. V. , Oksentiuk Y. R. , Makarchuk M. Y.
Published: November 2021

The article looks at recent research dealing with changes in the bile acid composition of the bile of outbred male rats under chronic social stress (social defeat in daily male confrontations, 14 days) when administered Corvitin (1 mg/kg, intragastrically, 7 days). Chronic social stress was created by daily agonistic interactions between animals. The main fractions of conjugated bile acids – taurocholic, taurohenodeoxycholic and taurodeoxycholic, glycocholic, glycochenodeoxycholic and glycodeoxycholic and free ones – cholic, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic were determined by the method of thin layer chromatography of bile. The conjugation index (ratio of the sum of conjugated cholates to the sum of free ones) and hydroxylation (ratio of the sum of trihydroxycholanic bile acids to the sum of dihydroxycholanic ones) of bile acids were calculated. The research showed that in the conditions of experimental social stress, Corvitin enhances the conjugation of bile acids with taurine and glycine, i.e. stimulates detoxification processes in hepatocytes. In the conditions of chronic social stress in male rats, the processes that had provided the flow of glycoconjugates of bile acids from hepatocytes to the bile ducts were further suppressed. The concentrations of glycocholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic and glycodeoxycholic acids in the bile of male intruders were lower than the control values. But, as seen in the experiment, the use of Corvitin normalized these indicators. The experiment showed that in the conditions of chronic social stress, the content of cholic acid in the bile of intruder rats decreased, and when correcting the pathological condition using Corvitin, it reached the control values. The use of Corvitin simultaneously with the simulation of experimental social stress normalized the biliary secretory function of the liver, indicating the high potential of using Corvitin as a corrective factor in chronic social stress. Correction of stress-induced pathologies of liver bile-secretory function by Corvitin requires further thorough experimental studies.
Effect of Heracleum sosnowskyi extract aqueous solution on the Allium cepa root meristem
Authors: Smirnova M. V. , Kotelnikov V. A.
Published: November 2021

Heracleum sosnowskyi (Apiaceae) contains a lot of useful chemical ingredients that can be used in industry, medicine and other fields as plant component extracts and as chemical compounds that have been extracted in different ways, which requires the last to be tested for chemical safety, including a genotoxic test in vivo. In the present paper, the 96-hour effect of the H. sosnowskyi extract aqueous solution at concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.50 mL/L on the genetic apparatus and mitotic activity of the cells of the Allium cepa (Alliaceae) root meristem is discussed. Distilled water was applied as a negative control, and hydrogen peroxide 1% as a positive one. The extract was prepared from the plant’s fresh leaves by soaking them in acetone. It was then distilled at 57 ºС and diluted with distilled water to obtain the experimental concentrations. As extract content in the aqueous solution increased, a statistically significant decrease in mitotic activity, an increase in aberrant cell percentage and a concentration-dependent inhibition of root growth were observed. In the 0.5 mL/L solution, if compared against the other experimental concentrations, an increase in the metaphase, anaphase and telophase indices along with a decrease in the prophase index were observed. The most common aberrations for all the concentrations were lagging and sticking chromosomes, anaphase bridges, ring chromosomes and nuclear buds. The same solution and the positive control produced membrane damage; giant and ghost cells. The results of the experiment performed have demonstrated the extract’s aneugenic effect that causes spindle disturbance, mitodepression and inhibits the cells of the Allium cepa root meristem, prevails over its clastogenic effect.
Characteristics of kappa-casein gene polymorphism in cows of Swiss breed and their productive qualities at a large dairy
Authors: Pishchan S. G. , Sylychenko K. А.
Published: November 2021

Kappa-casein is a fraction of the main milk protein, which determines the technological properties of milk and the quality of dairy products, especially cheese and fermented milk products. The study tested the distribution of kappa-casein gene genotype polymorphism (CSN3) in mothers and daughters of the Swiss breed cows, taking into account their milk productivity qualities. The study was performed on 111 cows of the Swiss breed on a large dairy. The observation group I included 51 cow-mothers of the Swiss breed; group II – 60 cow-daughters of the Swiss breed. In a study of the polymorphism of the kappa-casein gene in cow-mothers and cow-daughters of the Swiss breed, the dominance of allele B (0.73 and 0.70) was found, which was registered more than two times more often than allele A. The incidence of genotypes AA – AB – BB in cow-mothers of the Swiss breed was as follows: 5.9% – 43.1% – 51.0% with indicators of observed heterozygosity 0.43 and expected heterozygosity 0.40. In cow-daughters of the Swiss breed the frequency of the BB genotype was the same, but, genotype АА was registered almost twice as often, with lower indicators of observed heterozygosity and smaller increases of indicators of expected heterozygosity than in cow-mothers. Cow-mothers of the Swiss breed with the AA genotype, in comparison with the AB genotypes, had higher milk yields during lactation (by 43%), fat production (by 86.9%), ratio of fat to protein (by 40.5%). Also note, the cow-mothers of the Swiss breed with the AA genotype, in comparison with the BB genotypes, had reliably high rates of fat to protein (by 35.8%) and only a trend to higher fat production; fat and protein. The production of fat in dairy cows-daughters with the BB genotype was higher than with the AA genotype, but only at the level of tendency. The correlation analysis showed that the AA genotype of the kappa-casein gene in cow-mothers of the Swiss breed was associated with the duration of lactation, indicators of milk yield during lactation, fat production, fat content and protein in milk with registration of reliable and positive coefficients of correlation. The genotypes in cow-daughters did not have a reliable correlation with the duration of lactation and fat or protein content in milk. The results of the kappa-casein gene polymorphism study indicated that the AA genotype of cow-mothers of the Swiss breed was associated with higher productive milk qualities which should be taken into account when forming a highly productive herd of cattle of the Swiss breed under intensiveoperative technology at a large-scale dairy unit.
Degradación ruminal in vitro en Tithonia diversifolia
Authors: Meza-Bone Gary Alex , Meza-Bone Carlos Javier , Avellaneda-Cevallo Juan Humberto , Godoy-Montiel Luis Alverto , Barros-Rodríguez Marcos Antonio , Jines-Fernández Fernando
Published: November 2021

Introducción. El cantón Mocache (Ecuador) es una zona del trópico húmedo, con una época seca de seis meses, en el cual se ve afectado la disponibilidad y la calidad de los forrajes, situación que reduce la capacidad reproductiva y productiva de los rumiantes. Objetivo. Evaluar los parámetros de degradación ruminal in vitro aparente de la materia seca (DMS), la materia orgánica (DMO), la fibra en detergente neutro (DFDN) y la fibra en detergente ácido (DFDA) en Tithonia diversifolia cosechada a cuatro edades de corte durante la época seca. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se realizó en la Finca Experimental “La María” de la Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Ecuador, entre agosto y octubre del 2017. Se utilizaron cuatro toros fistulados en el rumen. Se utilizó un diseño completo al azar (DCA). Los tratamientos fueron: Tithonia diversifolia 30 días de corte (T1), Tithonia diversifolia 45 días de corte (T2), Tithonia diversifolia 60 días de corte (T3) y Tithonia diversifolia 75 días de corte (T4). Los tiempos de incubación fueron: 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 y 72 horas con cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento. Las variables evaluadas fueron: DMS, DMO, DFDN y DFDA. Resultados. Los parámetros de degradación ruminal presentaron diferencias entre tratamientos (p<0,05), con T1 se obtuvieron las mejores DMS, DMO, DFDN y DFDA con 36,66, 35,44, 43,16 y 41,55 %, respectivamente. Conclusión. Los mayores parámetros de DMS, DMO, DFDN y DFDA estuvieron asociados a las edades de corte y a los componentes estructurales de la composición bromatológica. La edad de corte a los días 30 en Tithonia diversifolia influyó sobre las degradaciones potencial y efectiva de los nutrientes. A medida que se incrementaron las edades de corte disminuyeron los parámetros de degradación ruminal.
Propuesta de una guía para la ejecución de los proyectos de extensión docente orientados a la capacitación en la Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Alvarado Ulloa Rocío
Published: November 2021

Este artículo propone una guía con los elementos claves para la ejecución de los proyectos de extensión docente de la Universidad de Costa Rica que estén orientados hacia la capacitación. La misma fue generada a partir de las opiniones de 14 diferentes coordinadores que sienten la necesidad de responder oportuna y eficientemente a la gran demanda de los proyectos de extensión.
Hetero-architectured core–shell NiMoO4@Ni9S8/MoS2 nanorods enabling high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Chen Lu , Deng Wenjing , Chen Zhi , Wang Xiaolei
Published: November 2021

An effective technique for improving electrochemical efficiency is to rationally design hierarchical nanostructures that completely optimize the advantages of single components and establish an interfacial effect between structures. In this study, core–shell NiMoO4@Ni9S8/MoS2 hetero-structured nanorods are prepared via a facile hydrothermal process followed by a direct sulfurization. The resulting hierarchical architecture with outer Ni9S8/MoS2 nanoflakes shell on the inner NiMoO4 core offers plentiful active sites and ample charge transfer pathways in continuous heterointerfaces. Ascribing to the porous core–shell configuration and synergistic effect of bimetal sulfides, the obtained NiMoO4@Ni9S8/MoS2 as electrode material presents an unsurpassed specific capacity of 373.4 F g−1 at 10 A g−1 and remarkable cycling performance in the 6 M KOH electrolyte. This work delivers a rational method for designing highly efficient electrodes for supercapacitors, enlightening the road of exploring low-cost materials in the energy storage domain.

Graphical Abstract
Обгрунтування можливості забезпечення в об’єднаній енергосистемі України стабільності частоти на рівні енергооб’єднання ENTSO-E
Authors: Ленчевський Є. А. , Годун О. В. , Новіков П. В.
Published: November 2021

У статті розглянуто перспективну можливість вирішення актуального для об’єднаної енергосистеми України питання щодо досягнення в останній високих показників стабільності її частоти. Відомо, що досягнути високих показників стабільності частоти намагались і за існуючих традиційних методів їх формування однак, навіть на протязі декількох останніх десятиліть зробити це так і не вдалося. За результатами проведених в роботі досліджень визначено, що досягнути високих показників стабільності частоти в об’єднаній енергосистеми буде цілком можливо навіть в умовах її самостійної роботи, якщо у місцевих енерговузлах, що живляться безпосередньо від станції АЕС, забезпечити відповідні умови для формування резервів маневрених потужностей, які будуть використовувати у процесах первинного, вторинного і третинного регулювання частоти. В роботі науково обгрунтовано і перспективну можливість створення на станціях АЕС принципово нової системи протидії процесам збурення режиму. Нова система в разі появи в об’єднаній енергосистемі процесу збурення її режиму здатна буде вчасно і адекватно виконувати протидію цьому процесу, що забезпечить можливість збереження попередньо встановленого в енергосистемі режиму із попередньо встановленим значенням частоти. Можна передбачити, що за створення нових систем керування процесами первинного, вторинного і третинного регулювання частоти безпосередньо у електромережі АЕС стане цілком можливим досягнути в об’єднаної енергосистеми України нових високих показників стабільності частоти, що відповідатимуть рівню її стабільності в енергооб’єднанні ENTSO-E. Висока енергетична ефективність визначеного перспективного напрямку щодо використання електротеплових генераторів в процесах управління режимом енергосистеми була підтверджена результатами проведених досліджень, тому саме цей напрямок повинен стати одним із пріоритетних у планах подальшого розвитку ОЕС України.
Substantiation of Using Pimecrolimus 1% Cream in Proactive Therapy of Children with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Ivanov Roman A. , Ambarchian Eduard T. , Epishev Roman V. , Materikin Alexander I. , Opryatin Leonid A. , Savelova Alena A.
Published: November 2021

Atopic dermatitis (AtD) is multifactorial inflammatory skin disease with high prevalence in pediatric population. It is crucial to implement long-term maintenance therapy to prevent AtD exacerbations according to current clinical guidelines and expert reports. The article summarizes the results of the major studies on using pimecrolimus 1% cream. Its efficacy and safety in long-term proactive therapy of children with AtD are presented.
Celiac Disease Prevalence Among Children with Dermatologic Pathology: Cross Sectional Study with Clinical Case Series
Authors: Opryatin Leonid A. , Borovik Tatiana E. , Roslavtseva Elena A. , Murashkin Nikolay N.
Published: November 2021

Background. Celiac disease (gluten enteropathy) is relatively rare disease. However, such patients have higher risk of skin pathology than general the population, and their therapy efficacy is limited by the use of gluten-free diet. Therefore, screening of dermatologic patients on celiac disease may be relevant. Objective. Our aim was to study the prevalence of celiac disease among children with skin pathology. Methods. The study included children hospitalized in dermatology department. Screening for celiac disease included detection in blood serum of antibodies (IgA, IgG, IgM) to tissue transglutaminase via rapid tests. In case of positive result of rapid test, we have repeated the estimation of antibodies (IgA, IgG) to tissue transglutaminase via immunochemiluminescent method with ImmunoCAP technology or via enzyme immunoassay. In case of positive serological test, we have performed HLA typing to determine haplotypes of DQ2 and DQ8, as well as esophagogastroduodenojejunoscopy (EGDJS) with biopsy of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa for further histological verification of the diagnosis. Results. We examined 1,000 children with various dermatologic pathologies. Rapid tests showed positive result in 21 patients (2.1%; 95% C11.3-3.2%). The presence of antibodies to tissue transglutaminase was confirmed via additional serological examination in all cases. HLA-haplotypes DQ2/8 were revealed in all patients with positive rapid test results. Typical form of gluten enteropathy was confirmed in 18/21 patients (86%) according to a histological study, thus, estimated prevalence of celiac disease is 1.8% (95% C11.1-2.8%). Conclusion. The prevalence of celiac disease remains underestimated among children with skin diseases. More studies are needed on the diagnostic features of rapid tests on tissue transglutaminase, as well as the benefits of screening for celiac disease to achieve patient-relevant clinical outcomes of skin pathology with wider gluten-free diet.
Il “tragico” disdegno di Farinata degli Uberti nel canto X dell’Inferno di Dante
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie, Maślanka-Soro Maria
Published: November 2021

Dante’s Inferno presents an essentially non-tragic view of reality based on the Christian concept of Man in his historical and eschatological aspect. Nonetheless, some of Dante’s episodes, like the one of Farinata degli Uberti, appear to contain a certain element of tragedy because of the virtues marking the characters involved, which endow them with a certain nobility, giving rise to an air of tragedy. To examine the nature of this “tragic” quality, I shall invoke Erich Auerbach’s concept of figural realism as applied to Dante’s masterpiece. A character’s life on earth is a prefiguration of his life after death, the fulfilment of his earthly existence concluding his earthly deeds. The soul’s fate post mortem bespeaks the quintessence of its life, the tangible sign of which is its contrappasso. The chief conflict takes place between the character and his fulfilment, but it also generates further conflicts: between the soul’s past on earth and its current condition in Hell; between the qualities that marked it in the past that could objectively be considered virtuous, and its current status amongst the damned, and others. Only in the eyes of sinners are these conflicts seen as tragic, but not from the point of view of Dante the Author, who discredits these conflicts with a variety of rhetorical and stylistic devices. I endeavour to explain the seemingly tragic quality in Farinata degli Uberti, one of the “magnanimous” spirits confined in Hell. At first glance he may seem reminiscent of the heroes of Greek tragedy, but on closer scrutiny his “magnanimity” takes on a sinister quality, and this is how Dante wants his readers to see the connection between Farinata’s perverse political commitment verging on fanaticism, and his sin of heresy, to which Farinata seems to turn a blind eye.