bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Melatonin and Caffeine Supplementation Used, Respectively, as Protective and Stimulating Agents in the Cryopreservation of Human Sperm Improves Survival, Viability, and Motility after Thawing compared to Traditional TEST-Yolk Buffer
Authors: Pariz Juliana R. , Ranéa Caroline , Monteiro Rosa A. C. , Evenson Donald P. , Drevet Joël R. , Hallak Jorge
Published: October 2019

Cryopreservation processes can damage spermatozoa and impair structural and functional cell characteristics. Plasma, nuclear membranes, and cellular organelles can suffer from the freeze and thaw process. This study evaluates the protective and stimulant effect of melatonin and caffeine supplementation on the functional characteristics of human spermatozoa before and after freezing. Thirty seminal samples from normozoospermic men aged 19–45 years old collected between October 2012 and May 2017 were included. Semen samples were supplemented with either 2 mM melatonin (MEL) prior to cryopreservation, 2 mM caffeine (CAF) in postthaw, or CAF and MEL (CM) in precryopreservation and postthaw, respectively. Kinetics and seminal parameters, mitochondrial activity, DNA fragmentation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed before and after cryopreservation. A significant reduction in sperm concentration, total and progressive motility, sperm kinetics, and mitochondrial activity, as well as a significant increase in DNA fragmentation and ROS production in postthaw samples compared to fresh samples, was identified. After administration of a caffeine and/or melatonin supplement, there was a significant increase in progressive motility in the CAF (p=0.005) and CM (p=0.048) groups, as well as mitochondrial activity in the CM group (p<0.05). Cryopreservation has negative effects on overall sperm quality and increases ROS production. A combination of caffeine and melatonin in prefreeze and postthaw sperm samples has proven to be a very effective and simple way to improve semen quality. This will be particularly useful for initial low-quality semen samples, those which suffer the most from the freezing/thawing process.
Contrast-Enhanced CT May Be a Diagnostic Alternative for Gastroesophageal Varices in Cirrhosis with and without Previous Endoscopic Variceal Therapy
Authors: Li Qianqian , Wang Ran , Guo Xiaozhong , Li Hongyu , Shao Xiaodong , Zheng Kexin , Qi Xiaolong , Li Yingying , Qi Xingshun
Published: October 2019

Background and Aims. Liver fibrosis blood tests, platelet count/spleen diameter ratio (PSR), and contrast-enhanced CT are diagnostic alternatives for gastroesophageal varices, but they have heterogeneous diagnostic performance among different study populations. Our study is aimed at evaluating their diagnostic accuracy for esophageal varices (EVs) and gastric varices (GVs) in cirrhotic patients with and without previous endoscopic variceal therapy. Methods. Patients with liver cirrhosis who underwent blood tests and contrast-enhanced CT scans as well as endoscopic surveillance should be potentially eligible. EVs needing treatment (EVNTs) and GVs needing treatment (GVNTs) were recorded according to the endoscopic results. Area under the curves (AUCs) were calculated. Results. Overall, 279 patients were included. In 175 patients without previous endoscopic variceal therapy, including primary prophylaxis population (n=70), acute bleeding population (n=38), and previous bleeding population (n=67), the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced CT for EVNTs was higher (AUCs=0.816‐0.876) as compared to blood tests and PSR; by comparison, the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced CT for GVNTs was statistically significant among primary prophylaxis population (AUC=0.731, P=0.0316), but not acute or previous bleeding population. In 104 patients with previous endoscopic variceal therapy (i.e., secondary prophylaxis population), contrast-enhanced CT was the only statistically significant alternative for diagnosing EVNTs and GVNTs but with modest accuracy (AUCs=0.673 and 0.661, respectively). Conclusions. Contrast-enhanced CT might be a diagnostic alternative for EVNTs in cirrhotic patients, but its diagnostic performance was slightly weakened in secondary prophylaxis population. Additionally, contrast-enhanced CT may be considered for diagnosis of GVNTs in primary prophylaxis population without previous endoscopic variceal therapy and secondary prophylaxis population.
Numerical Evaluation of CFD‐DEM Coupling Applied to Lost Circulation Control: Effects of Particle and Flow Inertia
Authors: Barbosa Marcos V. , De Lai Fernando C. , Junqueira Silvio L. M.
Published: October 2019

In the present study, the transport and deposition of solid particles to mitigate the loss circulation of fluid through a fracture transversely placed to a vertical channel is numerically investigated. These solid particles (commonly known in the industry as lost circulation materials—LCMs) are injected into the flow during the drilling operation in the petroleum industry, in hopes to control the fluid loss. The numerical simulation of the process follows a two‐stage process: the first characterizes the lost circulation flow and the second the particle injection. The numerical model comprises an Eulerian–Lagrangian approach, in which the dense discrete phase model (DDPM) is combined with the discrete element method (DEM). A parametric analysis is done by varying the vertical channel Reynolds number, the particle‐to‐fluid density ratio, and the particle diameter. Results are shown in terms of the particle’s bed geometric characteristics, focusing on the location inside the fracture where the particles deposit, and the particle bed length, height, and time spent to fill the fracture. Also monitored are the fluid loss reduction over time and the fractured channel bottom pressure (which can be related to the fracture pressure). Results indicate that using a slow/intermediate flow velocity, associated with heavy particles with small diameters, provides the best combination for the efficient mitigation of the fluid loss process.
Mutant Prevention Concentration of Ciprofloxacin against Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates: An Ideal Prognosticator in Treating Multidrug-Resistant Strains
Authors: Aditi Priyadarshini B. , Mahalakshmi Krishnan , Naveen Kumar Venkatesan
Published: October 2019

Background. Fluoroquinolone-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a therapeutic challenge when implicated in urinary tract infections, pyelonephritis, pneumonia, skin infections, osteomyelitis, and respiratory infections. The mutant prevention concentration (MPC) represents a concentration threshold above which increase of resistant mutants occurs rarely. The aim of the present study is to determine the MPC among ciprofloxacin-resistant K. pneumoniae clinical isolates. Materials and Methods. A total of 240 clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae were collected from a tertiary care hospital. The MPCs were determined for 24 selected strains using an inoculum of 1010 CFU/ml in Müller–Hinton agar plates with serial/various concentrations (0.003–100 μg) of ciprofloxacin. In addition to the MPC, phenotypic screening for ESBL, AmpC, and carbapenemase was performed. The detection of qnr genes for 24 isolates and DNA sequencing for six isolates were performed. Results. Ciprofloxacin resistance was observed in 19.6% of the K. pneumoniae clinical isolates. Among the ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, 14 isolates showed an MPC value of more than 100 μg. The MPC ranged between 100 μg and 20 μg for ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates. ESBL producers and qnr gene-producing strains had a high MPC. 11 isolates showed the presence of either qnrB or qnrS genes. None of the samples showed the presence of the qnrA gene. Conclusion. From our study, we infer that ESBL producers and qnr gene-possessing strains are frequently resistant to ciprofloxacin. Estimation of the MPC in the case of multidrug-resistant isolates in the clinical setup may help in treating these drug-resistant strains.
Synthesis of a Superhydrophobic Polyvinyl Alcohol Sponge Using Water as the Only Solvent for Continuous Oil-Water Separation
Authors: Chen Junyong , Xiang Junhui , Yue Xian , Li Huaxin , Yu Xianbo
Published: October 2019

Few cases of hydrophobic materials synthesized in water have been reported. In this work, water, as the only solvent, is used to prepare a superhydrophobic sponge via a facile and environment-friendly route. The as-prepared sponge, namely silylated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sponge, exhibits superhydrophobic and superoleophilic characters. It has the static water contact angle (WCA) of 152 ± 1 and the static oil contact angle (OCA) of 0°, which can lead to excellent selectivity for oil-water separation. Besides, the methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) can form a stable mixed structure with the PVA skeleton, resulting in the rare shedding of polymethylsiloxane nanoparticles and the long-term stability for oil-water separation. Furthermore, the silylated sponge shows a high separation efficiency (>99.6%), removing oil up to 6200∼14000 times of its own mass. The findings demonstrated that the silylated superhydrophobic sponge can be a promising candidate in water treatment application.
Changes in and Effects of Anxiety on English Test Performance in Chinese Postgraduate EFL Classrooms
Authors: Liu Meihua , Xiangming Li
Published: October 2019

As an important affective factor in language learning, foreign language anxiety (FLA) has been extensively researched. Nevertheless, not many studies have targeted postgraduate students or been longitudinal to reveal the dynamic nature of FLA. Hence, the present quantitative study examined changes in and effects of FLA on postgraduate students’ performance over a 10-week period. A total of 324 postgraduate students from a prestigious university took a pretest and posttest, answered a set of questionnaires before (phase 1) and after (phase 2) the 10-week period, respectively. Analyses of the data revealed three major findings: (1) Toward the end of the period, the respondents became significantly less apprehensive of speech communication in English and less worried about the English class, English classroom performance, and other students’ performance. Their overall English language classroom anxiety was significantly lower as well, though they became significantly more worried about tests. (2) In both phases, anxiety was largely highly related to students’ performance in English speaking, listening, reading, and writing tests as well as the overall test performance, especially speaking test performance. Nevertheless, this correlation became weaker in phase 2. (3) In both phases, foreign language classroom anxiety and achievement anxiety powerfully predicted students’ English test performance, especially speaking test performance. These results show that FLA is an important issue even for postgraduate students, affecting their test performance to varying degrees over time. Based on these findings, implications and suggestions are discussed.
Complicated Urinary Tract Tuberculosis in a 13-Year-Old Adolescent with Chronic Kidney Disease and Antituberculous Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Nataprawira Heda Melinda , Pratama Adhitya Agung , Widiasta Ahmedz , Sibarani Jupiter , Hilmanto Dany , Sekarwana Nanan , Rachmadi Dedi
Published: October 2019

Urinary tract tuberculosis (TB) is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of TB in children. The disease is potentially underdiagnosed because it clinically resembles other urinary tract infections. A 13-year-old adolescent girl presented with pain, difficulty in micturition, and gross hematuria for almost two years before admission, and she had left flank pain since one year ago and significant loss of body weight during the illness. The close TB contact was her grandmother who was on TB treatment. Acid-fast bacilli yielded positive result, Mantoux test was positive (17 mm), urine GeneXpert MTB/Rif was positive; tuberculoma was identified on kidney histopathology, and a diuretic renogram revealed an uncorrected glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of the right and left kidney to be 32.5 mL/min/1.73 m2and 5 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. During the treatment, oral anti-TB drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ADIH) occurred to the patient. This problem was solved with management according to the British Thoracic Society (BTS) guidelines. Screening TB in children is very important for a better outcome. If children complain of some complicated urinary tract infection, TB should be suspected. Optimaly treating children with urinary tract TB exagerrated with ADIH and CKD is very challenging.
Cascade and Fusion of Multitask Convolutional Neural Networks for Detection of Thyroid Nodules in Contrast-Enhanced CT
Authors: Zhao Zuopeng , Ye Chen , Hu Yanjun , Li Ceng , Li Xiaofeng
Published: October 2019

With the development of computed tomography (CT), the contrast-enhanced CT scan is widely used in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. However, due to the artifacts and high complexity of thyroid CT images, traditional machine learning has difficulty in detecting thyroid nodules in contrast-enhanced CT. A fully automated detection algorithm for thyroid nodules using contrast-enhanced CT images is developed. A modified U-Net architecture of fully convolutional networks is employed to segment the thyroid region of interest (ROI), and a fusion of convolutional neural networks (CNN-Fs) is proposed to detect benign and malignant thyroid nodules from the ROI images and original contrast-enhanced CT images. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed cascade and fusion method of multitask convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is efficient in diagnosing thyroid diseases with contrast-enhanced CT images and has superior performance compared with other CNN methods.
Accuracy Evaluation of Circular RNA in Diagnosing Lung Cancer in a Chinese Population
Authors: Xiao Zhihao , Chen Xinglei , Lu Xiaodan , Zhong Xuexin , Ling Yihui
Published: October 2019

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a class of recently discovered noncoding RNA. circRNAs can be used as a potent noninvasive biological marker of cancer owing to their varying expression levels among different cancers. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of circRNAs in diagnosing lung cancer. A total of eight studies identified through searching the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase from inception to March 20, 2019 were eligible for this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios, negative likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.77 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73–0.80; I2=8.98%), 0.76 (95% CI: 0.69–0.82; I2=63.12%), 3.17 (95% CI: 2.43–4.14; I2=33.18%), 0.31 (95% CI: 0.26–0.37; I2=20.36%), and 10.26 (95% CI: 6.87–15.31; I2=97.18%), respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.74–0.81). The study confirmed the use of circRNAs in diagnosing lung cancer in a Chinese population.
A Forecast Combination Framework with Multi‐Time Scale for Livestock Products’ Price Forecasting
Authors: Ling Liwen , Zhang Dabin , Mugera Amin W. , Chen Shanying , Xia Qiang
Published: October 2019

China’s livestock market has experienced exceptionally severe price fluctuations over the past few years. In this paper, based on the well‐established idea of “forecast combination,” a forecast combination framework with different time scales is proposed to improve the forecast accuracy for livestock products. Specifically, we combine the forecasts from multi‐time scale, i.e., the short‐term forecast and the long‐term forecast. Forecasts derived from multi‐time scale introduce complementary information about the dynamics of price movements, thus increasing the diversities within the modeling process. Moreover, we investigate a total of ten combination methods with different weighting schemes, including linear and nonlinear combination. The empirical results show that (i) forecast performance can be remarkably improved with this novel combination idea, and short‐term forecast model is more suitable for the products with a relatively high volatility, e.g., mutton and beef; (ii) geometric mean, which provides a nonlinear combination, is the most effective one among all the combination methods; and (iii) variance‐based weighting scheme can yield a superior result compared to the best individual forecast, especially for the products such as egg and beef.
Male Sex is an Inherent Risk Factor for Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Bassukas Ioannis D. , Tatsioni Athina
Published: October 2019

In conclusion, females are probably born with an inherently higher risk to develop BCC; however, also with a much slower increase rate of this risk as a function of age. Notably this observation seems to be not a BCC peculiarity. Because of its high incidence coupled with moderate morbidity and extremely low mortality rates, BCC may serve as a valuable, single-tumor paradigm to reproach the complex mechanisms that underline the interaction of age and sex in the pathogenesis of human malignancies.
A Study on the Separation Length of Shock Wave/Turbulent Boundary Layer Interaction
Authors: Zhou Yong-yi , Zhao Yi-long , Zhao Yu-xin
Published: October 2019

The separation length of shock wave/boundary layer interaction (SWBLI) was studied by a numerical method, which was validated by experimental results. The computational domain was two-dimensional (2-D). The flow field was an incident oblique shock interacting with a turbulent boundary layer on a flat adiabatic plate. According to the simulation data, the dependency of the separation length on the relevant flow parameters, such as the incident shock strength, Reynolds number, and Mach number, was analyzed in the range of 2≤M≤7. Based on the relations with the flow parameters, two models of the separation length at low and high Mach numbers were proposed, respectively, which can be used to predict the extent of the separation in the SWBLI.
The Effectiveness of Dipstick for the Detection of Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Dadzie Isaac , Quansah Elvis , Puopelle Dakorah Mavis , Abiade Victoria , Takyi-Amuah Ebenezer , Adusei Richmond
Published: October 2019

Background. The balance between the choices of UTI diagnostic tools in most primary care settings has been settled for by the more rapid, less labour-intensive dipstick. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dipstick for diagnosing UTI. Method. A total of 429 urine samples were collected from patients suspected of UTI; cultured on cysteine-lactose-electrolyte-deficient (CLED) agar, blood agar, and MacConkey agar; and incubated at 37°C overnight. Urine cultures with bacteria count ≥105 cfu/ml were classified as “positive” for UTI. A dipstick was used to screen for the production of nitrite (NIT) and leucocyte esterase (LE), following the manufacturer’s instructions. Biochemical reactions of nitrite and leucocyte esterase > “trace” were classified as “positive.” A quantitative urine culture was used as the gold standard. Results. The highest sensitivity value and negative predictive value were recorded for the combined “NIT+ or LE+” dipstick results. The highest specificity value, positive predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio were recorded for “nitrite-positive and leucocyte esterase-positive” results. Combined “nitrite-positive or leucocyte-positive” result was relatively the best indicator for accurate dipstick diagnosis, with AUC = 0.7242. Cohen’s kappa values between dipstick diagnosis and quantitative culture were <0.6. Conclusion. Combined performance of nitrite and leucocyte esterase results appeared better than the solo performance of nitrite and leucocyte esterase. However, little confidence should be placed on dipstick diagnosis; hence, request for quantity culture should be encouraged in the primary healthcare settings.
A Rare Concomitant Oncocytic Adrenocortical Neoplasm and Hepatocellular Carcinoma over a Four-year Duration: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Saleh Daniyah , Gomaa Wafaey , Al-Maghrabi Jaudah
Published: October 2019

Oncocytic adrenocortical neoplasms (OANs) are very rare. Although most cases have benign behavior, the risk of recurrence/metastasis is variable. Based on Lin-Weiss-Bisceglia (LWB) system criteria, OANs can be classified as benign, borderline, or malignant. A concomitant development of OANs with second primary neoplasm is extremely uncommon, and is limited to very few case reports. None of these reported cases was found to be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this case report, we present a 64-year-old female patient who had a progressively increasing left supra-renal mass over a three-year interval. During her regular imaging-based follow up after successful left adrenalectomy, a new suspicious solitary, hypodense liver mass was detected and removed. All necessary work-up was done and strongly support the diagnosis of two distinct primary tumors including borderline malignant potential OAN and subsequent HCC. A significant clinical and morphological characteristic of OANs make its identification valuable.
A Comparison of Robust Criteria for Vehicle Routing Problem with Soft Time Windows
Authors: Mouktonglang Thanasak , Worapun Phannipa
Published: October 2019

In this study, we focus on robust criteria for vehicle routing problems with soft time windows (VRPSTW). The main objective is to find a robust solution that provides the best for the worst case performance for VRPSTW under uncertain travel times. The robust criteria are used in this study such as absolute robustness, robust deviation, and relative robustness as a basis for comparison. The VRPSTW becomes complex when the travel times are uncertain. This uncertainty can be caused by traffic jams, accidents, or inclement weather conditions. The experiment uses benchmarking problems. The number of scenarios is generated randomly into intervals of travel time, equal to 4, 6, and 8 instances for each problem set. Each set of problem instances can be denoted by the percentage of uncertainty α, equal to 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8. This study will demonstrate that the most indicated robust criteria for these situations are robust deviation and relative robustness. The most important part of the decision maker is to determine the uncertainty percentage to cover all uncertainties that need to be considered.
Halotolerant Rhizobacterial Strains Mitigate the Adverse Effects of NaCl Stress in Soybean Seedlings
Authors: Khan Muhammad Aaqil , Asaf Sajjad , Khan Abdul Latif , Adhikari Arjun , Jan Rahmatullah , Ali Sajid , Imran Muhammad , Kim Kyung-Min , Lee In-Jung
Published: October 2019

Background. Salinity is one of the major abiotic constraints that hinder health and quality of crops. Conversely, halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizospheric (PGPR) bacteria are considered biologically safe for alleviating salinity stress. Results. We isolated halotolerant PGPR strains from the rhizospheric soil of Artemisia princeps, Chenopodium ficifolium, Echinochloa crus-galli, and Oenothera biennis plants; overall, 126 strains were isolated. The plant growth-promoting traits of these isolates were studied by inoculating them with the soil used to grow soybean plants under normal and salt stress (NaCl; 200 mM) conditions. The isolates identified as positive for growth-promoting activities were subjected to molecular identification. Out of 126 isolates, five strains—Arthrobacter woluwensis (AK1), Microbacterium oxydans (AK2), Arthrobacter aurescens (AK3), Bacillus megaterium (AK4), and Bacillus aryabhattai (AK5)—were identified to be highly tolerant to salt stress and demonstrated several plant growth-promoting traits like increased production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), and siderophores and increased phosphate solubilization. These strains were inoculated in the soil of soybean plants grown under salt stress (NaCl; 200 mM) and various physiological and morphological parameters of plants were studied. The results showed that the microbial inoculation elevated the antioxidant (SOD and GSH) level and K+ uptake and reduced the Na+ ion concentration. Moreover, inoculation of these microbes significantly lowered the ABA level and increased plant growth attributes and chlorophyll content in soybean plants under 200 mM NaCl stress. The salt-tolerant gene GmST1 was highly expressed with the highest expression of 42.85% in AK1-treated plants, whereas the lowest expression observed was 13.46% in AK5-treated plants. Similarly, expression of the IAA regulating gene GmLAX3 was highly depleted in salt-stressed plants by 38.92%, which was upregulated from 11.26% to 43.13% upon inoculation with the microorganism. Conclusion. Our results showed that the salt stress-resistant microorganism used in these experiments could be a potential biofertilizer to mitigate the detrimental effects of salt stress in plants via regulation of phytohormones and gene expression.
Wnt/β-Catenin, Carbohydrate Metabolism, and PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway-Related Genes as Potential Cancer Predictors
Authors: Chen Pengliang , Shi Pengwei , Du Gang , Zhang Zhen , Liu Liang
Published: October 2019

Predicting the outcome after a cancer diagnosis is critical. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies provide physicians with vast amounts of data, yet prognostication remains challenging because the data are greatly dimensional and complex. We evaluated Wnt/β-catenin, carbohydrate metabolism, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway-related genes as predictive features for classifying tumors and normal samples. Using differentially expressed genes as controls, these pathway-related genes were assessed for accuracy using support-vector machines and three other recommended machine learning models, namely, the random forest, decision tree, and k-nearest neighbor algorithms. The first two outperformed the others. All candidate pathway-related genes yielded areas under the curve exceeding 95.00% for cancer outcomes, and they were most accurate in predicting colorectal cancer. These results suggest that these pathway-related genes are useful and accurate biomarkers for understanding the mechanisms behind cancer development.
Quasi‐Steady‐State Models of Three Timescale Systems: A Bond Graph Approach
Authors: González Gilberto A. , Barrera Noe G. , Ayala Gerardo , Padilla J. Aaron , Alvarado David Z.
Published: October 2019

Modelling in bond graph to obtain reduced models of systems with singular perturbations is applied. This singularly perturbed system is characterized by having three timescales, i.e., slow, medium, and fast dynamics. From a bond graph whose storage elements have an integral causality assignment (BGI), the mathematical model of the complete system can be determined. By assigning a derivative causality assignment to the storage elements for the fast dynamics and maintaining an integral causality assignment for the slow and medium dynamics on the bond graph, reduced models for the slow and medium dynamics are obtained. When a derivative causality to the storage elements for the fast and medium dynamics is assigned and an integral causality assignment to the slow dynamics is applied, the most reduced model is determined. Finally, the proposed methodology to the Ward Leonard system is applied.
ПРОФІЛАКТИЧНА МЕДИЦИНА ЯК ВАЖЛИВА СКЛАДОВА ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я
Authors: Lototska O. V. , Kondratyuk V. A. , Sopel O. M. , Kritska G. A. , Pashko K. O. , Fedoriv O. E.
Published: October 2019

Мета: висвітлити роль профілактичної медицини як важливої складової громадського здоров’я.

Матеріали і методи. Для досягнення поставленої мети у роботі використано загальнонаукові методи аналізу, синтезу та узагальнення.

Результати. Профілактика – один із надзвичайно важливих напрямків медицини, який включає комплекс гігієнічних, медичних, соціально-економічних і санітарно-технічних заходів, спрямованих на усунення факторів ризи­ку, що впливають на здоров’я людини, запобігання виникненню хвороб та забезпечення високого рівня громад­­ського здоров’я населення. Розрізняють три види профілактики: первинна, вторинна і третинна. Первинну профілактику використовують для недопущення захворювання як такого, вторинна – спрямована на раннє виявлення та лікування хвороби на доклінічній стадії. Третинна – це заходи, які спрямовані на попередження розвитку ускладнень та погіршення перебігу хвороби, а також динамічне спостереження за пацієнтами для запобігання виникненню таких небажаних наслідків захворювань, як: смерть, інвалідизація, перехід недуги у хронічну форму. Всі вони відіграють важливу роль у системі громадського здоров’я.

Значний вплив на формування здоров’я має спосіб життя. Дуже часто попередження захворювань пов’язане з правилами здорового способу життя і багато недуг можуть бути попереджені за допомогою простих гігієнічних методів. На жаль, в Україні дуже низький рівень освіти населення з цього питання. Поява більшої кількості добре підготовлених і мотивованих до пропаганди здорового способу життя фахівців позитивно вплине на рівень здоров’я населення.

Висновки. Надзвичайно важливо створити центри громадського здоров’я, забезпечити в них умови для діяльності фахівців профілактичної медицини, насамперед гігієністів та епідеміологів, котрі б здійснювали масштабну пропаганду здорового способу життя, надавали практичну допомогу лікувальним та навчально-виховним закладам і, безперечно, були матеріально зацікавлені в результатах своєї діяльності. Профілактика захворюваності й пропаганда здорового способу життя має стати економічно вигідною державі та нашим співвітчизникам.
A ficção televisiva colombiana na memória de seus protagonistas
Authors: Salamanca Rodríguez Gedma Alejandra
Published: October 2019

O artigo procura entender a configuração da ficção televisiva colombiana a partir da memória de personagens que participaram desse cenário e cujas falas aparecem em diferentes produtos. Sem perder de vista que as falas são parte de uma reconstrução seletiva do passado e uma narrativa sobre a ficção, buscamos identificar características, transformações, rupturas e continuidades da teleficção colombiana, considerando as tensões entre a indústria televisiva e a vida social, cultural e política do país. A análise revelou um imaginário de duas televisões nacionais, dadas nos modelos misto e privado, que gerou também dois tipos de teleficção. Este panorama aponta de maneira reflexiva para um conjunto de transformações em relação a um projeto de nação, liderado pelo Estado e sustentado na diversidade, que se enfraqueceu gradualmente diante de interesses de mercado.
Lei Rubem Braga e a EPC: o motor do trabalho da economia criativa em Vitória-ES
Authors: Sarmento Priscila Bueker , Anjo José Edemir da Silva
Published: October 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o papel da Lei Municipal 3.730 ou Lei Rubem Braga (LRB) da capital Vitória-ES como fomento da Economia Criativa do município, partindo da lente teórica da Economia Política da Comunicação para análise da Economia Criativa. Trata-se de Estudo de Caso, com coleta de dados documental, por meio de duas reportagens de um Jornal local capixaba em conjunto com a própria LRB, e com dados institucionais sobre economia criativa no Espírito Santo, com análise de caráter interpretativo. Como resultado, tem-se o recente panorama, onde existe um prejuízo no trabalho da economia criativa e seus setores correlacionados, em Vitória, desde a suspensão dos editais, em 2016. Conclui-se, por meio de análise da LRB, que a economia criativa em Vitória ainda é muito dependente do controle estatal.
A articulação em rede e as rádios populares latino-americanas
Authors: Fernandes Vivian De Oliveira Neves
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é abordar como as teorizações sobre redes contribuem para pensar os desafios enfrentados pelas mídias alternativas e populares na América Latina. Para essa reflexão, toma-se a Associação Latino-Americana de Educação Radiofônica (ALER), que, desde a década de 1970, articula rádios educativas e populares da região. Como um primeiro ensaio, o presente texto traz os passos iniciais desta pesquisa, com base em aportes teóricos e revisão bibliográfica pertinentes ao tema.
Oh Minas Gerais, Oh linda La Paz: identidades no discurso cancional
Authors: Jáuregui Carlos , Ferreira Nísio Antonio Teixeira
Published: October 2019

Com o objetivo de contribuir para a compreensão do cenário em que símbolos de identidades nacionais e locais têm sido evocados como estratégia política, este trabalho analisa o caso da canção (Oh) Minas Gerais, que poderá tornar-se hino oficial do Estado, caso seja aprovada uma proposta em tramitação na Assembleia Legislativa de Minas Gerais. Recuperamos a trajetória da peça musical que também se tornou hino não-oficial da cidade boliviana de La Paz e conta com versões anteriores em outras línguas, dentre as quais, destacamos variantes cantadas em inglês, italiano e russo. A partir da contextualização de suas origens (mesmo que imprecisas) e da análise de melodia e letra, em articulação com seus contextos de produção e circulação, propomo-nos a refletir sobre variações e recorrências, concentrando-nos nos valores e afetos convocados na construção das identidades mineira e paceña que são sugeridas em forma de música e nos aspectos cancionais que favorecem sua consolidação como um “hino”.
O quilombismo em espaços urbanos: 130 após a abolição
Authors: Batista Paula Carolina
Published: October 2019

Este artigo pretende investigar como dois espaços culturais da cidade de São Paulo, que se autodenominam “quilombos urbanos”, aproximam-se da ideia de “quilombismo”, cunhada por Abdias do Nascimento.

Identificando-se como “quilombos urbanos”, os espaços Terça Afro, na zona norte de São Paulo, e Aparelha Luzia, na região central da cidade, estão organizados com a proposta de serem focos de resistência negra. Esses dois espaços têm características em comum: são coordenados por negros e oferecem uma programação que aborda cultura, identidade, literatura, arte, memória, questões que envolvem a negritude – sempre de forma que o negro esteja em evidência e tenha seu espaço de fala garantido.
Os discursos do terceiro setor: sentidos de comunicação, trabalho e educação em ONGs de comunicação
Authors: Camargo Camila Acosta
Published: October 2019

Apresentaremos, neste artigo, parte dos resultados da pesquisa “A comunicação do “terceiro setor” como expressão do neoliberalismo: as práticas discursivas e os sentidos do trabalho em ONGs de comunicação”, que visou investigar como se expressam os sentidos e as relações de comunicação e trabalho em organizações sem fins lucrativos que elencaram a comunicação como principal ferramenta de atuação em defesa de uma causa social. Para isso, selecionamos três organizações sociais nomeadas na pesquisa “ONGs de comunicação”, localizadas no município de São Paulo e ativas durante o período de realização da pesquisa – 2016-2018, nas quais aprofundamo-nos em seus enunciados institucionais e na experiência dos trabalhadores a partir de relatos próprios.  O artigo contemplará o tópico de resultados de análise sobre os sentidos de comunicação, trabalho e educação que circulam em suas práticas e seus discursos.
Batalhas de MC's de Hip Hop na cidade de São Paulo: uma compreensão antropológica
Authors: Ferreira Gomes Amanda
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo levantar uma reflexão sobre o crescimento das Batalhas de MC’s na cidade de São Paulo, partindo da premissa de que tais eventos culturais se configuram como um fenômeno urbano recente na história do movimento Hip Hop Brasileiro, mas trazendo a discussão para o contexto da cidade. A ideia é mostrar por meio de um relato de experiência no projeto Rinha dos MC’s, como as Batalhas constituem espaços de alternativa para a politização da vida e criação de identidade, ao passo que atuam no combate ao preconceito e estigma social. Sistematizei os seguintes materiais como fonte da problematização: a facilidade de acesso pelo convívio profundo com o campo; relatos de experiências por meio dos eventos realizados; transcrição de entrevistas oriundas da websérie que realizei sobre as Batalhas de MC’s na cidade de São Paulo e debates teóricos a partir de bibliografia sobre Antropologia Urbana e estudos de Hip Hop.
Rappers negras: representatividade , diversidade, gênero e sexualidade
Authors: Oliveira Pablo Vinicius Barreto de , Araújo Viviane Fialho de
Published: October 2019

O presente trabalho busca analisar a representatividade de mulheres negras e as questões de gênero e sexualidade envolvidas com a indústria do Hip Hop, especificamente na cena musical com o rap. Discutir a importância dessas rappers e os dilemas contemporâneos da mulher negra e sua trajetória, tanto no cenário musical abordado, quanto no social, e , ainda sua dificultosa luta por seus direitos na sociedade, em prol de superação das desigualdades raciais e de gênero; uma vez que a história sobre raça, classe, etnia, entre outros, são gradações que intervém nas noções de gênero, logo, essas estruturas sociais estão ligadas definitivamente as políticas de poder e do contexto cultural.
Autonomia social da arte: o caso do MAM-SP
Authors: Barbosa Luis Carlos
Published: October 2019

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão acerca do funcionamento de um mecanismo de política pública, a Lei Rouanet e seus impactos no funcionamento de um campo de produção simbólica, o das artes visuais, sobretudo no âmbito dos museus de arte. A partir da teoria dos campos de produção simbólica proposta por Pierre Bourdieu, questiona-se a interferência de atores de outras esferas na dinâmica própria do campo das artes visuais em função do modus operandi do mecenato, o mais importante dos mecanismos de financiamento à cultura postos em funcionamento pelo Pronac, instituído pela Lei.
Periferia que transforma: a cultura de sujeitas/os periféricas/os
Authors: Silva Brenda Barbosa da
Published: October 2019

Neste artigo recupero elementos do fenômeno urbano periferia para (re)conhecermos a atuação de sujeitas/os periféricas/os na realização de algumas práticas artísticas e que também são recursos políticos e informacionais que geram processos de mudanças sociais ao ressignificar o território periferia.  Para isso conheceremos periferia nas pesquisas acadêmicas, o contexto que antecede as periferias e seu surgimento na cidade de São Paulo, a proposição de periferia como sistema cultural, a força da voz e da escuta em práticas culturais periféricas, bem como seu a possibilidade contra-hegemônico dessas práticas.
Analysis of plastic surgery in adolescents in Brazil
Authors: Scarpette Vitor Pereira , Andrade Bruna Nader Araújo , Cury Amanda Maria Marinho Provietti , Dornas Frank Thonny Almeida Menezes , Santos Bruno José Martini dos , Cabral Eduardo Botelho , Silveira João Gabriel Magalhães Bertazo , Carvalho Luciano Monteiro de
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Brazil is one of the countries that most resort to plastic surgeries, performing a total of 1.5 million procedures in 2016, 57% of which are cosmetic. However, one fact that really draws attention is the fact that adolescents seek professionals to perform reparative surgeries. This fact reflects the dissatisfaction with body image, being a problem associated with factors such as female gender, overweight and physical activity. To analyze the search of adolescents for plastic procedures, taking into account data from the year 2016 and 2014, based on the literature. Methodology: Literature review based on articles available in SciELO and data from the 2016 Census described by the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery (SBCP), carried out by means of an electronic form answered by SBCP members. Results: According to the SBCP census, in the year 2016, 47.5% of the procedures were non-surgical and 52.5% surgical, compared to 17.4% non-surgical and 82.6% surgical in 2014. In addition, It was concluded that among the surgeries performed in 2016, 57% were aesthetic and 43% were restorative, while in 2014, 60% of the surgeries performed were aesthetic and 40% were restorative. It is known, however, that among the procedures performed in 2014, 3% were performed in patients up to 12 years of age, while 5.7% were performed in patients 13 to 18 years of age, while in the year of 2016, 1.8% were performed in patients up to 12 years of age, and 4.8% were performed in patients 13 to 18 years of age, with a clear reduction in the demand for plastic surgeries by adolescents, although statistics remain considerable. Another data collected by the census was the use of social media by plastic surgeons, it was revealed that 55.5% of professionals use Facebook, 42.1% use Whatsapp and 35.9% use Instagram. Discussion and conclusion of the results: The use of social media to publicize their work is a reality today for many professionals, however, it is important to remember that such habits bring professionals closer to adolescents, since access to information usually occurs indiscriminately in this environment. Plastic surgery is a procedure with risks and requires physical and psychological maturation. Although there is a legal reality behind plastic surgery in minors, there is not a formal SBCP guidance on this subject, however there is a social charge, increasing medical responsibility when evaluating each case.
Laparoscopic treatment of giant circumferential leiomyoma of the distal esophagus
Authors: Aranha Luana Cabrino , Aranha Nilton César , Brandalise Nelson Ary , Brandalise André
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Leiomyomas are rare esophagus tumors, with 0.4-1% incidence of all esophagus tumors, being more frequent in medium and distal portions1. Only 5% grow to the point of being called giant tumors, measuring more than 10cm2. Symptoms usually begin on tumors equal to or bigger than 5cm. Objectives: The following case objectifies reporting a new therapeutic course of action to giant leiomyomas of distal esophagus. Case Report: VCA, female, 38 years old, presented retrosternal oppression for 4 months. Having realized a computed tomography (CT) on another service 5 days ago which demonstrated a tumor injury on the distal esophagus and suggestive of leiomyoma. Patient was submitted through endoscopy exam 4 months ago, for complaint of heartburn and mild dysphagia. It was determined a hiatal hernia of 2cm and mild gastritis. Patient was submitted to complete excision of tumor without mucosal lesion and reconstruction of the external muscular wall, by the video laparoscopic method. Hiatoplasty and partial esophagogastrogemorplication were associated. The anatomic pathological examination confirmed the leiomyoma, with 10x5x2cm. Patient evolved clinically in the long term without the appearance of the heartburn or dysphagia. The patient underwent contrast examination of the esophagus after 6 months and endoscopy and tomography for the following 4 years, all normal. The classic treatment of giant leiomyomas larger than 10cm, includes thoracotomy with esophagectomy. Considering that in 80% of the cases it is found in the middle and lower thirds of the esophagus, the videolaparoscopic approach by transhiatal route becomes possible3. The reconstruction of the external muscular layer is important to prevent a possible prolapse of the mucosa1. Also, the realization of the fundoplication in addition to avoiding the gastroesophageal reflux, allows the suture area of the esophageal muscular wall to be covered, increasing the safety in the treatment4. In services with experience in the surgical treatment of diseases of the gastric esophagus transition through the videolaparoscopic method, it is possible to perform with adequate safety the surgical treatment of the tumor lesions of the distal esophagus. The method provides the patient with greater postoperative comfort and prompt clinical surgical recovery.
Thrombotic storm and malignancy in elderly woman: a case report
Authors: Lima Lívia Rossetti de Abreu e , Rios Lívio Moreira , Moraes Pedro Augusto Dantas de , Silva Pedro Henrique Veras Ayres da , Moraes Jessica Ribeiro Andrade , Pavanelli Maria Cecilia
Published: October 2019

Thrombotic storm is a state of hypercoagulability of relevance in the context of neoplasias, trauma, gestation, autoimmune diseases and deficiencies of coagulation proteins. The following case brings this topic associated with weight loss and a subsequent atypical primary site of neoplasm found in postmortem biopsy.
Objectives: To present an atypical case of thrombosis in several sites in elderly women in a context of consumptive syndrome without definite primary cancer site; to discuss differentials and pathophysiological processes relevant to the case.
Case report: A 74-year-old female patient, previously healthy, presented a constipation associated with weakness in right superior limb, edema and weakness of left lower limb, with difficulty in gait and subsequent bed restriction. It evolved with multiple thrombotic events (axillary arterial, segmental branches of the left pulmonary artery, hepatic, renal and splenic parenchymal infarction, deep venous thrombosis in the common femoral vein, superficial femoral vein and left femoral vein, and right superficial femoral vein thrombosis). Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed hepatic nodules suggestive of metastases and lymph node enlargement up to 2.0 cm. Hepatic biopsy was performed by interventional radiology resulting inconclusive due to extensive areas of necrosis. Laboratory tests revealed hepatic enzymes, canalicular and direct bilirubin with increased and increasing values, normochromic normocytic anemia worsening and with increasing values of RDW and platelets. Ca19.9 accounted for > 1,000 U / mL. FAN, anticardiolipin IgM and IgG, lupus anticoagulant, ANCA negative. Death verified 12 days after admission, despite intensive care. Necroscopic report showed adenocarcinoma centered in bile ducts involving gallbladder and extra and intrahepatic bile ducts with vascular dissemination (pulmonary and lymph node metastases) and extension to gastric wall and small intestine. Post-mortem diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma was performed.
Discussion: the case discusses is of multiple thrombotic events in unusual sites associated with non-specific findings at the beginning. The hypothesis of phospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) was proposed although it is unlikely in an elderly patient. Subsequent evaluation for thrombophilias was not done since weight loss and abdominal CT with multiple hepatic nodules suggested neoplasia of indeterminate site. Hence, SAF was discarded and the patient died without diagnosis of primary site due to the difficulty of the case.
Conclusion: neoplasia of uncommon sites can be a disease of hard diagnosis and management especially in patients worsening in a short time. However they must be considered with proper investigation in patients with multiple thrombotic events due to the very known association with these findings.
Resting metabolic rate: comparison between indirect calorimetry with predictive equations in patients submitted to bariatric surgery
Authors: Chagas Kleber Jessivaldo Gomes das , D'Elia Rafael Gomes de Melo , Ferradans Iago Oliveira , Mota Filippe Camarotto , Santo Marco Aurélio , Cleva Roberto de
Published: October 2019

Abstract.