bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing predictive approaches in martial arts research
Authors: Tropin Yrui , Podrigalo Leonid , Boychenko Natalya , Podrihalo Olha , Volodchenko Oleksandr , Volskyi Denis , Roztorhui Mariia
Published: August 2023

Background and Study Aim. Predicting the results of martial arts competitions is an important task that attracts the attention of both sports analysts and fans of these sports. The objective of this study is to perform an analytical examination of publications on martial arts prediction, with the aim of identifying the primary research directions in this field.
Materials and Methods. the bibliometric analysis of PubMed database data was used to create a sample of studies at 18.05.2023. The keywords "prediction", "martial arts" were used for the search. A total of 151 publications were found. The first publication was dated 1983. VOSviewer 1.6.19 program was used: keyword analysis method and direct citation analysis with the construction of bibliometric maps, the visualization of cluster density, weights – citations.
Results. 51 journals from 21 countries were identified. The unconditional leader among the countries is the United States (16 journals). Between 1983 and May 18, 2023, 741 scientific works were found. The analysis involved 67 authors whose link strength was more than 0. Eight clusters were identified. They were characterized by the presence of 271 links with total link strength of 276. The number of items in the clusters did not have a significant difference; this can be explained by the popularity of all directions in the research. The authors of the seventh and eighth clusters had the most publications. To visualize the network 63 items (keywords) were selected. They were grouped into 4 clusters. The network includes 951 links; the total link strength is 4027. The most popular studies are highlighted. These studies include the following keywords: "humans", "martial arts", "female", "male", "athletes", "young adult", "middle aged".
Conclusions. The analysis of the bibliometric maps revealed the tendencies of scientific research and highlighted the priority areas. The relevance of the problem of prediction in martial arts is confirmed. An increase in the number of publications in PubMed database over the past decade has been observed. The main areas of research include martial arts, health, sports training, and humans. Most publications focus on utilizing artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques for predicting competition outcomes. Additionally, they explore the application of analytical tools to uncover patterns in data and identify critical factors that impact competition results. Modern technologies and the availability of big data open up new possibilities for predicting competitive success in martial arts.
Influence of packaging materials on Kashkaval quality
Authors:   Mlekara AD, Str. Dolnoorizarski pat, 7000 Bitola, Macedonia, Talevski Goce
Published: August 2023

This study focused on investigating the influence of 4 different packaging materials (A - the control, B - polymer emulsion, C - wax and D - polymer foil) on the quality of Kashkaval cheese. The lowest pH value had the sample protected by wax, which is most probably related to the retention of the formed organic acids and gases from the packaging material. A significant influence of the tested packaging materials (p<0.01) was found in relation to the content of the dry matter, the proteins and ash, whereas there was no statistical significance in relation to fat content of the Kashkaval cheese. Proteolysis was more intensive samples protected by wax and polymer foil with higher levels of soluble nitrogen, primary and secondary nitrogen products and ripening coefficient compared to the control sample and the polymer emulsion sample.
Financing Decisions and Abnormal Returns: An Analysis of Brazilian Companies
Authors: Rocha Cesar Augusto Camargos , Camargos Marcos Antônio de
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we developed an approach for the empirical testing of the relationship between the financing choices of companies and the abnormal returns obtained by their shareholders. We innovate by incorporating controls on how this relationship is affected by the capabilities of each funding source, at different levels of returns, through quantile regression. The estimation of the model for a sample of Brazilian companies indicates the inexistence of a significant relationship between abnormal returns and debt issuance. The same occurs between abnormal returns and equity issuance, with one exception: when there is a deficit of internal financing that extrapolates the available safe debt and the abnormal returns are, at least, median, this relationship becomes significant and positive. Considered as a whole, the results suggest an indifference to the sources of funds used by the company. Among the contributions, we highlight the incorporation of the aforementioned controls, which bridges the gap identified in the literature relating business financial flows and stock returns.
Bernard Chrzanowski i jego relacja o pracy w Lidze Narodowej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Wątor Adam
Published: August 2023

The article deals with Bernard Chrzanowski’s account of his participation in the work of the National League. Chrzanowski was a lawyer, national, educational and social activist in the Prussian partition. In the Second Republic he held the office of school superintendent and sat in the Senate. Chrzanowski’s account, presented in the text, contains invaluable information about Poznan members of the National League before 1918, being among the few surviving testimonies about the group’s activities.
O Mal-estar na Cultura do Trabalho: Uma Perspectiva Existencial
Authors: Rodrigues Joelson Tavares , Coelho David Richer Araujo , Silva Pedro Amorim
Published: August 2023

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as novas formas de mal-estar que surgem na contemporaneidade, bem como pensar o papel atualmente exercido pelas empresas na constituição das subjetividades. Utilizamos como eixo teórico principal as contribuições da filosofia e da psicologia existencial, articulando-as aos estudos da psicossociologia. As nossas conclusões são no sentido de que a tematização da nossa condição existencial de sermos-para-a-morte coloca em questão o projeto de um sujeito sem limites e onipotente, que impera nos modos de subjetivação dominantes da sociedade capitalista. Ao mesmo tempo, nos permite uma apropriação mais ampla da nossa existência, abrindo um espaço para a experiência da autenticidade.
The mechanisms of immunopathology underlying B cell depletion therapy-mediated remission and relapse in patients with MuSK MG
Authors: OConnor Kevin , Fichtner Miriam
Published: August 2023

The application of reverse translational medicine allows for the understanding of immune pathogenesis via therapeutic intervention. We applied this approach to the MuSK subtype of myasthenia gravis. Treatment with the CD20-specific B cell depletion therapy (BCDT) demonstrated that MuSK MG patients respond remarkably well; the majority invariably reach remission accompanied by a remarkable drop in autoantibody levels. Circulating antibodies are primarily produced by bone marrow resident plasma cells, which do not express CD20. So, how does BCDT diminish MuSK autoantibodies and induce rapid remission? We developed a mechanistic model, which hypothesized that plasmablasts, which are short-lived antibody secreting B cell populations, produce MuSK-specific autoantibodies. Anti-CD20-mediated BCDT is expected to deplete CD20-expressing plasmablasts or CD20 expressing memory cells that supply the plasmablast population. To test this hypothesis, we performed a series of investigations, which were reported over the last seven years and are summarized in this review. First, we isolated plasmablasts from patients and generated human recombinant monoclonal autoantibodies (mAb) which bound MuSK and had pathogenic capacity, demonstrating that MuSK autoantibodies can be produced by this specific cell population. The characterization of the mAbs showed that MuSK autoantibodies can include unique properties including unusually high antigen binding affinity, and an elevated frequency of N-linked glycosylation in their binding domains. Further characterization suggested that MuSK autoantibody-producing cells may form in the early stages of B cell development due to defective tolerance mechanisms. Finally, we sought to determine how these pathogenic B cell clones behave over time. High throughput B cell receptor sequencing was applied to investigate longitudinally collected samples from patients treated with anti-CD20-mediated BCDT. MuSK-specific clonal variants were detected at multiple timepoints spanning more than five years and reemerged after BCDT-induced remission, predating disease relapse by several months. These collective investigations provide a more detailed mechanistic understanding that MuSK MG, the key features of which include production of autoantibodies by circulating plasmablasts that can be targeted by CD20-specific BCDT, and that pathogenic clones can survive BCDT and reemerge prior to manifestation of clinical relapse.
Regular Physical Activity Helps Improve the Physical Fitness Level of Elementary School Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ma’arif Ilmul , Setyawan Risfandi , Zen Mohammad Zaim , Hendrawan Kahan Tony , Andrianto Joan Rhobi
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to prove the effect of regular physical activity in helping to increase the physical fitness level of elementary school students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Materials and methods. This research is true experimental with the randomized pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 48 students from the Kabuh District Public Elementary School, Jombang Regency, East Java, Indonesia, aged 10–11 years participated in the study. The students were divided into two groups, namely the control group (G1; n = 21) and the experimental group (G2; n = 27). Measurement of physical fitness level using a) body mass index (BMI); (b) sit-and-reach test; (c) lie down for 30 seconds; (d) pull-up modification; and (e) the 20-meter multistage shuttle run test was performed before and after treatment. The data analysis technique used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21.
Results. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the average level of physical fitness between the pretest and posttest in the experimental group (G2) (p ≤ 0.001), while the control group (G1) did not show a significant difference (p ≥ 0.05).
Conclusions. Based on the results of the study it was concluded that providing regular physical activity had a positive impact on increasing the level of physical fitness in elementary school students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Effect of High Intensity Functional with Strategy Sports Training on Cognitive Performance for Physical Education Achievement in High School Students
Authors: Wandee Amorntheap , Chabairam Ban , Homjan Suchart
Published: August 2023

Study purpose. This research aims to develop cognitive performance on the success of sports skills in physical education in Buriram Province.
Materials and methods. The sample group of 80 people was divided into 2 groups of 40 people each. The control group was taught a regular strategy of handball instruction. The experimental group was taught a strategy of handball instruction with high-intensity functional training. Both groups were taught for 1 hour per week according to the normal teaching schedule of the school for a period of 8 weeks. All students were assessed by a computerized cognitive test battery and Sports skills achievement test in pre- and post-experimental. Analysis of the research data was performed by testing differences between the groups using the parametric and non-parametric statistics.
Results. After 8 weeks of the experiment, analysis of the difference between the experimental group and the control group in the experimental data was carried out showing that the cognitive performance in terms of attention, executive function, cognitive flexibility, and working memory takes less time in the experimental group than in the control group, including Sports skills achievement scores in the test where the experimental group had more scores than the control group, which is statistically significant at .05.
Conclusions. High-intensity functional with strategy sports training program in physical education class can develop cognitive performance in terms of attention, executive functions, cognitive flexibility, and working memory in high school students.
Water Gymnastics as a Therapeutic Method to Improve Motor Planning in Children with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Georgieva Diyana , Ivanova Veselina
Published: August 2023

Study purpose. This paper is devoted to an experimental study aimed to identify the effects of water gymnastics as a therapeutic method for improving motor planning in children with intellectual disability studying in general and special education institutions.
Materials and methods. Twenty-three children (13 boys and 10 girls) aged from 6 to 11 years (x̅ = 8.61) participated in the study.  Three neuropsychological tests were used to study motor function: Sequential alternation of fist-palm-side, Graphic test “Fence”, and Fist-palm. Data were collected before and after participation in an 11-month therapy course conducted in a water environment. Descriptive analysis and One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to process the empirical material. Cohen's η was used to interpret the effect size attributed to the therapeutic intervention.
Results. Programming, regulation, and control, as the main components of motor planning, showed improvement after the children participated in the organized sessions, as evidenced by the large or larger than typical effect size η=[0.37:0.45+] recorded and the nonsignificant differences between groups differentiated by level of intellectual disability, age, and gender at the control measurement stage (p > 0.05).
Conclusions. The results lead to the generalization that at the final stage of the study, all three factors (level of intellectual disability, age and gender) had no significant influence on the development of motor planning, confirming the effects of water gymnastics as a technology for its improvement.
Comprehensive Assessment of the Preparedness of Highly Qualified Field Hockey Players at the Stage of Direct Preparation for the Main Competitions
Authors: Kostiukevych Viktor , Lazarenko Nataliia , Adamchuk Vadym , Shchepotina Natalia , Vozniuk Tetiana , Shynkaruk Oksana , Asauliuk Inna , Konnov Stanislav , Voitenko Serhii
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the study was to experimentally substantiate the methodological approach to the development of a comprehensive assessment of the preparedness of highly qualified field hockey players at the stage of direct preparation for the main competitions.
Materials and methods. Highly qualified players, members of the national field hockey team of Ukraine (n=21) participated in the study. The average age of the players was (х ± S) 24.9 ± 5.76 years, their sports qualification was masters of sports of Ukraine. The study was conducted over the first and second competitive periods of the two-cycle planning of the training process of highly qualified field hockey players of the 2020-2021 sports season. During the first competitive period, a methodical approach to comprehensive assessment of the preparedness of highly qualified field hockey players was developed. Within the second competition period, which included the stage of direct preparation for the main competitions indicators of a comprehensive assessment of readiness of the players were determined. In order to develop a comprehensive assessment of fitness, tests and criteria were used to assess the level of physical, functional fitness, physical fitness in relation to technique and competitive activity of hockey players.
Results. A methodical approach has been developed for the comprehensive assessment of the preparedness of highly qualified field hockey players according to the following algorithm: determination of criteria for the manifestation of physical and functional preparedness, physical preparedness in relation to technique, competitive activity; development of a 10-point rating scale; establishment of a comprehensive assessment of players’ readiness during the stage of direct preparation for the main competitions.
Conclusions. The structure of the stage of direct preparation for the main competitions consisted of a basic and a special preparatory mesocycles. The volume of direct motor activity was 38 hours, in particular, the ratio of means: general preparatory exercises – 55.4%, special preparatory exercises – 19.5%, lead exercises – 10.9%, competitive exercises – 15.2%; ratio of training loads: aerobic – 56.5%, aerobic-anaerobic – 32.7%, anaerobic-lactate – 7.6%, anaerobic-glycolytic – 3.2%. A statistically probable positive change (р<0.01) in the indicators of the comprehensive assessment of players’ preparedness during the stage of direct preparation for the main competitions was established.
Evaluation of Moringa oleifera seed oil extracted with different extraction methods
Authors: Elsorady Muhammad Elsayed
Published: August 2023

Moringa seed oil composition extracted with different methods such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), soxhlet extraction (SOXE) and solvent extraction (SE) was evaluated and compared. The oil yield obtained by SFE, SE and SOXE was 25.25, 27.53 and 29.81%, respectively. There were slightly significant differences among SFE, SOXE and SE oils in their refractive indices, peroxide values, tocopherols, carotenoids, β-sitosterol and campesterol contents. However, SOXE and SE oils showed no significant differences in their TBA, unsaponifiable matter, phenols, flavonoids, oxidative stability, oleic acid, stigmasterol, Δ7- avenasterol and Δ5-avenasterol contents. Furthermore, SFE oil showed significantly higher unsaponifiable matter, phenols, flavonoids, tocopherols, carotenoids, oleic acid, unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids ratio, sterols contents and oxidative stability. The high content of tocopherol, phenols, and flavonoids of the Moringa oils could be attributed to the higher resistance to oxidation, especially extracted by SFE. These results promote the use of SFE for the extraction of high quality Moringa oil. extraction of high quality.
Extraction of phenolics from Azadirachta indica flowers
Authors: Janarny Ganesamoorthy , Somathilaka Ranaweera Kamburawala Kankanamge Don , Prasanna Priyantha Gunathilake Katugampalage Don
Published: August 2023

Azadirachta indica is a well-known tree for the medicinal use of its leaves, barks and flowers. It has been identified as a rich source of phenolics which attribute to its medicinal properties. However, these phenolics should be extracted appropriately to effectively utilize them in various applications. This study focused on maximizing the extraction yield of total phenolics and total anthocyanins along with maximum 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity from edible flowers of A. indica as a function of solid:liquid ratio, ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and time. The data was subjected to response surface methodology and the corresponding second order polynomial models were generated. The results showed that the polynomial models for all responses were significant, did not show lack of fit and presented determination of coefficients above 95%. This indicates the suitability of the models for prediction purposes. Using desirability function, the optimum extraction process parameters to obtain maximum values of all responses were found to be solid:liquid ratio 1:32.2, ethanol concentration 42.72%, extraction temperature 55 °C and time 39.25 minutes. Under these optimal conditions, the experimental values for total phenolic content was 85.44±2.41 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight, total anthocyanin content was 44.32±2.75 µg cyanidin-3-glucoside per gram of dry weight and DPPH radical scavenging activity was 31.43±1.67%. These values were in close agreement with the predicted values and did not show any significant difference (p<0.05). The identified optimized conditions could be used to extract phenolics from A. indica flowers in a cost effective and efficient manner.
Sensory profiling of plantain-lima bean Momo (A Nigerian food pudding) using chemometric approach
Authors: Oluremi Farinde Elizabeth , Adetola Malomo Adekunbi , Taiwo Omotola Mary
Published: August 2023

Plantain and lima beans are important food crops with food nutrition security potentials in Nigeria. Plantain-lima bean momo is a nutrient-enriched pudding produced from unripe plantain and lima beans. The study aimed at evaluating the sensory profile of the plantain -lima bean momo to drive its consumers’ acceptability. Plantain and lima beans flour blends of various ratios were processed into momo. The momo samples were presented to panelists for sensory evaluation. Scores were based on nine point hedonic scale. Data obtained were subjected to Principal component and Agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis. Results show that the addition of more than 20% of lima beans negatively affected the colour, appearance, flavour, texture and taste of the plantain-lima bean momo. PP (100% plantain flour momo) had the strongest positive correlation with appearance and texture. PA (90% unripe plantain flour + 10 % lima bean flour momo) was preferred mostly of all the momo samples in terms of overall acceptability. The principal component analysis (PCA) divided the sensory parameters of the momo samples into five factors with PC1 and PC2 accounting for 96.68% of the variance. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) showed that PA and PP have similarities in all the sensory properties evaluated and that addition of 10% and 20% of lima beans to plantain flour did not have negative effect on the sensory characteristics of the product. Lima bean flour could be added to plantain flour up to 20% level for enhancement of momo nutritional quality, while still retaining its organoleptic qualities.
Intersectional Praxis and Disability in Higher Education
Authors: Sépulchre Marie
Published: August 2023

This article explores whether intersectional praxis can be discerned in the provision of disability/accessibility resources in higher education in Sweden and the United States. Analysing interviews with administrative staff based on hypothetical scenarios (vignettes) that could qualify as situations of disability discrimination, this article identifies several situations of (missed) opportunities for intersectional praxis. It then proceeds with a discussion of participants’ conceptions of disability and organisational possibilities for collaborations with other offices at their university or college. Although opportunities for intersectional praxis are generally absent or missed in both countries, the article argues that American participants were closer to such critical praxis because they tended to consider disability in terms of barriers and as a structural issue, and advocated for the recognition of disability as diversity. By contrast, the Swedish participants seemed further away from an intersectional praxis because they tended to view disability as a difficulty that requires individualised support measures and as a situational issue regarding the learning environment. The article proposes that these differences are connected to differences regarding disability and anti‐discrimination politics in both countries. In the US, disability politics have been characterised by a civil rights and social justice approach, while in Sweden disability politics have been conceived in terms of welfare services and a relational approach to disability. This article concludes that the conception of intersectionality as a critical praxis offers an original lens to gain new insights into how disability inclusion is promoted in different contexts.
Reading Publicness: Meaningful and Spontaneous Encounters in Beirut During a Time of Crisis
Authors: El-Khoury Roula , Saliba Rachelle , Nasr Tamara
Published: August 2023

This article explores a series of narratives collected during the Covid-19 pandemic and after the port explosion in Beirut. The selected narratives cover “meaningful encounters” defined by the authors as acts of urban engagement that are able to challenge dominant or prejudiced perceptions in the city. These spontaneous and sometimes prolonged interactions seem to strengthen collective engagement and foster new opportunities to be together during strenuous and challenging times for all. The importance of this study stems from the fact that most of the designated public spaces are rather exclusive and fall short in bringing together the different factions of the community. In a context of increasing socio-spatial polarization, reading everyday practices, activities, and meaningful encounters in Beirut reveals a more comprehensive and inclusive notion of publicness and challenges the popular and sometimes biased perception of a fragmented city. This research draws from a combination of qualitative approaches that include both observation and collection of narratives. The final selection of narratives was based on their potential to illustrate what we considered to be typical cases addressing three different types of engagements with the urban context. The article seeks to better understand influences exercised by individuals over one another and the subsequent emergence of new places of encounters in the city. Finally, the article argues that the sites of encounters are rather fluid and spread beyond the footprint of traditional and designated public spaces, thus contributing to the reshaping of the public sphere in the city.
Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Current Approaches to Preoperative Planning (Systematic Review)
Authors: Gofer Anton S. , Alekperov Aleksandr A. , Gurazhev Mikhail B. , Avdeev Artem K. , Pavlov Vitaliy V. , Korytkin Andrey A.
Published: August 2023

Background. The number of primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions increases every year, which causes an increase in revision interventions due to ACL graft failure. When studying the literature, we identify many factors that together influence the outcome of revision ACL reconstruction, but are not always taken into account by surgeons.
Aim of the review — is to perform a systematic review of studies that evaluated the outcomes of revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions and to identify optimal solutions to the most common problems encountered in preoperative planning.
Methods. Information search was performed in the eLIBRARY, PubMed, and Scopus databases for the period from 2013 to 2022. Studies describing the main aspects of revision ACL reconstruction were selected for analysis. Inclusion criteria were the following: mean patient follow-up period of no less than 12 months, number of observations of no less than 10 cases. After evaluation of 898 articles, 22 articles were included in the systematic review.
Results. Five main factors that should be taken into account in preoperative planning of revision ACL reconstruction have been identified: choice of the graft, necessity of reconstruction of the anterolateral complex, correction of tibial plateau deformity in the sagittal plane, determination of indications for one- or two-stage intervention, method of bone defect replacement in two-stage surgical treatment.
Conclusion. The patient’s autogenous tissues should be preferred when choosing a graft. Correction of excessive anteroposterior tibial plateau inclination angle is performed only at the second revision intervention if the inclination angle exceeds 12º. Reconstruction of the anterolateral complex should be performed in young, active patients who are involved in pivot sports and in case of severe anterior instability. When determining the possibility of performing revision ACL reconstruction in one or two stages, the canal diameter is not a crucial parameter, as it is necessary to take into account the possibility of fusion of the canals from the previous surgery with the newly created ones. If the canals have correct entry points, one-stage revision reconstruction can be performed with the canal width not exceeding 10 mm and depending on the expected diameter and type of the prepared tendon graft. Bone grafting of the secondary dilated canals in two-stage intervention can be carried out using any material, but allogenous bone or synthetic grafts have certain advantages.
Characterizing and Locating Seismic Tremor during the 2022 Eruption of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai’i, with Network Covariance
Authors: Maher Sean P. , Dawson Phillip , Hotovec-Ellis Alicia , Thelen Weston A. , Jolly Arthur , Bennington Ninfa , Chang Jefferson C. , Dotray Peter
Published: August 2023

The 2022 eruption of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai’i, was accompanied by continuous seismic tremor that began about 30 min before and ended several days after the eruption. We characterize the amplitude history and frequency content of the tremor, and we use a network covariance-based method to estimate its source location. The tremor exhibits multiple narrow spectral peaks between 1 and 3 Hz, and its amplitude varies through time in a spasmodic manner. Our location results track a northeast migration of shallow sources through the summit region in the first few hours of the eruption. For the remainder of the eruption, source locations cluster in the vicinity of the erupting vent in the northeast rift zone. We attribute the tremor source to gas dynamics in the upper reaches of a basaltic dike. However, limitations in instrumentation and knowledge of the subsurface velocity structure may preclude an assessment of the source mechanism. Our results illustrate the value of characterizing and locating tremor for tracking magma movement, and demonstrate a use for dense and calibrated seismic instrumentation on active volcanoes. The location method we use requires substantial parameter testing, reflecting the potential benefit of developing more flexible approaches toward real-time automated assessment of tremor at volcanoes.
In Search of Panchrony: Saussure versus Cognitive Linguistics
Authors: Łozowski Przemysław
Published: August 2023

The notion of panchrony is discussed in the context of the on-going polarization between structurally- and functionally-oriented linguistic paradigms. The two radically divergent conceptions of panchrony are thus surveyed, as envisaged by, respectively, Saussure and cognitive linguistics. As panchrony is not as yet a widely accepted research paradigm, it is suggested that while functionalists seem to be still in search of an appropriate understanding of panchrony, some lesson as to what functionally-driven panchrony should be can be derived from a critical reading of Saussure’s original proposal. It is concluded that as long as cognitive linguists hold that language is symbolic and interactive, panchrony must be attempted not in terms of linguistic universals, as for Saussure, but in terms of functional universals, such as cognitive and experiential patterns of behaviour.
The Role of Mental Spaces in Building Metaphors: The Case Study of the "flądra" Nickname in Polish
Authors: Dąbrowska Anna
Published: August 2023

The aim of the research is to recognize the role of mental spaces in meaning construction of the nickname flądra in Polish [English: slut; literally: a flounder], received on the ground of the real discourse extracts retrieved from the Polish Corpus. The meaning of the nickname is obtained by examining the metaphors underlying it, which are motivated by various contextual factors, e.g. the speaker’s gender and discourse registers. The results obtained in the study reveal that the meaning of the flądra nickname is based on five metaphorical dynamic structures organized hierarchically, from which the mental-spaces level provides for the novel meaning of flądra.
Comparative study of serum calcium in pre-eclamptic and normotensive pregnant women at Federal Teaching Hospital Katsina
Authors: Abdul Asma’u Eleojo , Oloyede Taiwo , Yusuf Shuaibu , Gambo Aminu
Published: August 2023

Background: Studies have linked calcium to the aetiopathogenesis and prevention of preeclampsia, however, the precise mechanism involved is unclear therefore this study aimed to determine the relation between serum calcium and preeclampsia among normotensive pregnant women.
Methods: The study was a cross-section descriptive design that included 88 pregnant women with singleton fetuses all at gestational ages above 20 weeks. Socio-demographic and obstetric data were obtained using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Urinary protein estimation was detected using the dipstick measurement of clean catch midstream urine specimens and blood samples were collected for serum calcium. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 21.
Results: The majority of the participants 20 (45.5%) age range was between 15-44 years and the majority were also primigravida 31 (70.5%). Serum calcium level was significantly low among the study group 1.97±0.49 compared to the control 2.22±0.12. There was a significantly high systolic BP (162.11±18.01) and diastolic (104.88±16.69) among the study group with significant proteinuria.
Conclusions: This finding suggested that serum calcium could be used as a marker for preeclampsia and based on the findings of this study, serial measurements of serum calcium among women who are at risk for pre-eclampsia may be used to predict the onset and severity of preeclampsia.
Epidural analgesia in labour and its obstetric outcome
Authors: Lakshmi Srujana S. N. , R. Sheela S. , N. Kiran
Published: August 2023

Background: Labour is a natural phenomenon which produces intolerable pain that requires effective methods for pain relief which is often challenging and complex task without regional analgesia. Epidural analgesia is most widely accepted method used to reduce labour pain. Aims and objectives were assessment of epidural analgesia in pain relief during labour, duration of different stages of labour, maternal and foetal outcome.
Methods: This study was a prospective observational study conducted at RL Jalappa Hospital, Kolar from January 2020 to June 2021. 40 women admitted for normal vaginal delivery opting labour analgesia were studied. Data collected was entered in Microsoft excel spread sheet and results were analysed.
Results: The mean duration of first stage of labour was 153 minutes, mean duration of second stage was 30 minutes, and mean duration of third stage was 12 minutes. During first stage of labour, 20 women (52%) had no pain, 12 women (31%) had mild pain and 6 women (15%) had moderate pain. During second stage of labour, 16 women (42%) had mild pain, 15 women (39%) had no pain and 7 women (18%) had moderate pain. During third stage of labour, 30 women (78.9%) had no pain and 8 women (21%) had mild pain. The mean Apgar score of all babies at 1 minute was 7/10 and 5 minute was 9/10.
Conclusions: Epidural analgesia is a safe and effective technique during labour and provides significant pain relief with excellent patient satisfaction.
A prospective observational study on recurrent pregnancy loss and its causes
Authors: Patel Himani R. , Patel Mansi M.
Published: August 2023

Background: Our objective was to study and evaluate the causes of recurrent pregnancy loss.
Methods: A prospective observational study was done over a period of 6 months from July-December 2022 at the department of obstetrics and gynecology at BJ Medical College. It was observed that out of 3124 total deliveries, 40 patients had the history of recurrent pregnancy loss (1.2%).
Results: Out of total 3125 deliveries, 40 patients were identified with the above mentioned criteria, and the incidence level of recurrent pregnancy loss was calculated to be 1.2%. The results obtained were compiled and tabulated to observe that the maximum number of cases fell in the age group of 26-30 years and 70% of them belonged to the urban areas. 65% cases had primary pregnancy loss and 35% had secondary pregnancy loss. Second trimester losses were seen in 57.5% cases. The causes of the recurrent pregnancy loss were identified and categorised, where it was identified that uterine anomaly contributed to a large number of cases (30%).
Conclusions: Detailed work up to identify the cause like blood investigations for analysing endocrine causes, USG/ MRI to identify uterine structural anomalies, genetic analysis and karyotyping of the fetus and both the parents to identify the genetic causes were carried out. Apart from treating the underlying causes, psychological counselling of the couple also becomes necessary. Lifestyle modification should always be advised to couples with such history.
Comparative analysis of vaginal misoprostol 400 and 600 single dose for second-trimester termination of pregnancy-a prospective randomized trial
Authors: R. Rashmi V. , Jain Apoorva , Y. Neha G. , S. Sunil Kumar K.
Published: August 2023

Background: This study was done to compare two dosing schedules of tablet misoprostol single dose 600 µg (M600) versus multiple doses 400 µg (M400), kept per vaginally for second termination of pregnancy and to analyze induction to abortion time, side effects, and failure to achieve termination of pregnancy.
Methods: Women admitted for second-trimester pregnancy termination were considered. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed. The women were randomized into two groups, with one group receiving single dose of M600 per vaginal and the other one multiple doses of M400, and the two groups were compared in their outcomes.
Results: In the present study no statistical significance was found between the two dosing regimens with regard to induction abortion interval, post-expulsion need for suction, and evacuation.
Conclusions: The study revealed that the dose between M400 and M600 has not shown significance compared with two dosing regimens. Single dose M600 can be considered for second-trimester pregnancy termination due to better compliance.
Association of colposcopy with pap smear in evaluation of unhealthy cervix- a prospective study
Authors: Jakhar Balveer , Bamniya Archana , Rastogi Radha , Kumari Pooja , Choudhary Neeraj
Published: August 2023

Background: Unhealthy cervix is a very common finding in our country due to poor genital hygiene, malnutrition and multiparity. The cervix is the commonest site for female genital cancer. Gynaecologists who work in tertiary care institutes in the developing countries to get referrals from practitioners and peripheral health centres for patients with a clinical diagnosis of an “unhealthy cervix. An “unhealthy cervix” or grossly abnormal cervix can harbour premalignant cervical lesions or invasive carcinoma. That’s why present study was planned to evaluate colposcopy role in relation to PAP smear in symptomatic patients.
Methods: The present study was a prospective, analytical study. After institutional committee approval this study was conducted from January 2021 to January 2022 in department of obstetrics and gynecology at RNT Medical college, Udaipur. Total 140 women were assessed for this study.
Results: Our study results based on combined cytology and colposcopy with histopathology- sensitivity =100%, specificity =87.03%, PPV=84.09%, NPV=100%, accuracy =92.30%. The result of current study supports that, PAP smear demonstrates premalignant and malignant lesions, whereas colposcopy shows the exact site for biopsy for histopathological diagnosis and for further management.
Conclusions: Colposcopy and cytology are complementary to each other. Best result in early detection of pre-invasive carcinomas could be obtained by combined use of cytology, colposcopy and colposcopy guided biopsy. So, use of ‘single visit approach’ in which cytology, colposcopy and guided biopsy all are done in one setting and treated accordingly in resource poor countries will enable maximum utilization of scarce medical resources.
A study on fetomaternal outcome of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Preet Adarsh , Anand Ashok R.
Published: August 2023

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are one of the most common medical disorders seen during pregnancy. Early diagnosis of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy by regular antenatal checkup can help in proper management, thus decreasing the maternal and fetal complications related it. Ensuring timely and effective care requires appropriate use of evidence-based clinical and nonclinical interventions, strengthened health infrastructure, and motivated and competent health care providers. The objective of this study was to study the feto-maternal outcome of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and complications related to them.
Methods: A study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at JJ Group of hospitals, Mumbai, India for a duration of 18 months from January 2020 to June 2021. This study had a sample size of 500 antenatal patients. Necessary information such as their detailed clinical, and obstetric history, clinical examination, investigations was noted.
Results: In our study, the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was 10.2%, being most common in age group of 21-25 years (45.1%) and Primigravida patients (47.1%). The most common type of hypertensive disorder in our study was non severe preeclampsia with incidence of 74.50%. The most common complication was oligohydramnios (11.76%), followed by preterm delivery (9.80%) and IUGR (9.80%). The most common drug used in the management of hypertensive disorder was lobetalol. Most common neonatal complication in PIH group was low birth weight, followed by fetal distress (19.6%), prematurity (9.8%) and IUGR (9.8%).
Conclusions: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are one of the medical conditions affecting pregnancy. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are more prevalent in younger and nulliparous mothers. Early diagnosis and appropriate timely management of hypertensive disorders in pregnant women can prevent the maternal and fetal complications and improve the outcome of pregnancy. These women should be monitored carefully to prevent maternal morbidity and mortality.
Vaginal delivery in case of an undiagnosed isolated longitudinal vaginal septum: a case report
Authors: Rai Sandesh , Chapagain Raju , Joshi Ram Babu , Basnet Roshan , Chaudhary Diwakar
Published: August 2023

Isolated longitudinal vaginal septum is a rare Mullerian malformation that may be associated with dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, primary amenorrhea and infertility. In this case report, the author presents a case of longitudinal vaginal septum in a 20 years old patient with full-term pregnancy whose diagnosis was only made during second stage of labor following vaginal examination. During delivery of baby the septum got lacerated anteroposterioly in the middle and it was resected after the delivery with subsequent suturing. Both mother and child progressed satisfactorily and were discharged from hospital in good health.
Secondary postpartum hemorrhage after pineapple juice- a case report
Authors: Thomas Charisma Rebecca , Nair Sobha S. , Puthenveettil Nitu , Sudhakar Namita
Published: August 2023

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is defined as blood loss through the genital tract, exceeding 500 mL following vaginal birth and 1000 mL following caesarean section. PPH occurring between 24 hours to 12 weeks postpartum is defined as secondary PPH. PPH is the most common preventable cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Detailed history and careful clinical examination can help in proper diagnosis. This is a case report of consumption of pineapple juice, that caused secondary PPH. Bromelain in pineapple juice is known to have proteolytic, fibrinolytic, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties. It causes moderate prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thus delaying coagulation. This action of bromelain was found to be concentration dependent. Prompt activation of the transfusion protocol can be lifesaving. Coagulation parameters should be monitored and respective blood products should be given. Thromboelastogram (TEG)/ Rotational Thromboelastometry (ROTEM) can be used for the same. To conclude, a multi-disciplinary approach is ideal. Mechanical and medical management of PPH should be started simultaneously. This should be followed by surgical procedures. If interventional radiology procedures like uterine artery embolization are available, they can be utilised, without risking the life of the mother.
Unexpected intraoperative recognition of placenta accreta spectrum
Authors: Chavda Arti Amarshibhai , Aggarawal Ramita , Soni Sadhna
Published: August 2023

The worldwide incidence of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is increasing day by day, mostly due to the increasing trends in cesarean section rates. Although standard ultrasound is a reliable and primary tool for the diagnosis of placenta accreta, the absence of ultrasound findings does not preclude the diagnosis of placenta accreta. Therefore, clinical evaluation of risk factors is equally essential for the prediction of abnormal placental invasion. The accurate and timely diagnosis of placenta accreta is important to improve the feto-maternal outcome.
Incidental finding of bilateral lateral vaginal wall fibroid, in an antenatal patient during course of labor
Authors: Prajapati Pooja , Prajapati Kirti
Published: August 2023

Vaginal leiomyomas remain an uncommon entity with only about 300 reported cases since the first detected case back in 1733 by Denys de Leyden. We report a case of 25-year-old G2P1L1 (Previous FTNVD), who presented inpatient department with c/o 10 months amenorrhea with lower abdominal pain for one day. On general physical examination, no pallor, no Jaundice, no edema and vitals were stable. On per abdominal examination 1-2 uterine contraction for 10 second in 10 min was observed. On per vaginal examination internal OS was 2 cm dilated, 20-30% effaced, vertex at-3, medium consistency, mid position, membrane intact and pelvis adequate noted. She was admitted in labor room and kept watched for spontaneous progression of normal labor. After 6 h of admission, she started having adequate uterine contractions 2-3 for 30 sec in 10 min. On PV examination she was 6 cm dilated with 60-70% effaced, vertex at -1, soft consistency, anterior position. Artificial rupture of membrane was done. Liquor was clear. Inj oxytocin in drip was started at 8 drops/min. During vaginal examination, A firm sessile, painless mass with smooth surface of size 1×1 cm was felt on both right and left vaginal wall which suggestive of vaginal leiomyoma grossly. During course of labor, progression of labor was halted during second stage of labor. Inj oxytocin drop rate increased at 32 drops/min to achieve adequate uterine contraction. A male baby of 2.8 kg was delivered in stable condition. Right mediolateral episiotomy was repaired with rapid vicryl suture 2,0. Patient was informed and vaginal fibroid finding was mentioned on discharge summary. Patient was called after 6 weeks for follow-up.