bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
E-waste: The Serious Health Hazard
Authors: Trailokya Deka
Published: January 2024

Science and technology have led to production of many electronics and electric tools and equipments starting from 18th century. Especially twenty first century is characterized by change in traditional habits and customs and adoption of modern technologies in all around the works and activities of the world. Electronic gadgets are meant to make our life happy and smooth functioning. These electronic gadgets have penetrated every aspects of our life. Frequent change of television sets; computers and mobile phones become the general habit of majority individuals in the world. We like to keep ourselves updated with the current scientific advancements. In all such a situation we never think about appropriate recycling of old electronic equipments. We frequently throw out the old electric items and usually become interested to purchase updated new items. Electronic wastes (e-waste) are increasing all around the life and works of human being. Each unit of e-waste may create every types of hazardous situation especially the health related. Electrical equipments contain toxic substances and their disposal and recycling becomes a question of health nightmare. Paper discussed definition, types and all about the health hazards of e-waste. Paper also explained little about the recycling of e-wastes in India.
A Study to Assess the Level of Burden and Coping Strategies among Caregivers of Patient with Affective Disorders at Selected Hospitals of Sangli, Miraj, Kupwad Corporation Area
Authors: Ramesh Giramalla Honamore1, Narayan K Ghorpade
Published: January 2024

Introduction Interactions with caregivers of patients with severe mental illness like schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder have revealed negative feelings about the disability status of their relative and burden related to caring for their relative with mental illness. Many caregivers have expressed that the patient‘s disability status affects the family pattern, roles of family members, prosperity of the family and relationship among the family members. Patient outcome and compliance with treatment are also dependent on optimal care giving and addressing family‘s needs. Unfortunately these needs are not routinely considered, addressed or met. Addressing the burden perceived by caregiver and improving their coping can assist with good clinical care of patients with severe mental illness and hence these study to assess the burden perceived by caregiver and their coping.1 Objectives: To assess the levels of Burden among care givers of patients with affective disorders and To assess the coping strategies among the caregivers of patients with affective disorders. Materials and Method: The researcher used quantitative research approach to assess burden and coping strategies. The research design was descriptive research design. The tool reliability coefficient ‘r’ of the scale was 0.7, hence it was found reliable. Total 120 samples were selected by non Probability convenient sampling technique. Total two scale namely Zarit burden interview and Rating scale for assessing coping strategies to collect data. The conceptual framework adopted is Sr.Calista Roy’s adaptation model (1984) the main concept of this conceptual framework is human being, stimuli, adaptation models and nursing. Results and Conclusion: In this study found the level burden among the care givers of affective disorders patients have experienced 60(50%)were had moderate to severe level of burden,29(24.17%) were had severe burden, 13(10.83) were had no or little burden and 18(15%) were had mild to moderate burden and levels of coping strategies among care givers, 19(15.83%) were had moderately adequate coping strategies, 93(77.50%) were had adequate coping strategies and 08(6.67%) were had inadequate coping strategies.
Potential Role of Electromyography in Kinesiology: A Review
Authors: Saranya S1, Poonguzhali S
Published: January 2024

Human beings follow a unique bipedal walking pattern referred to as gait and kinesiology is the scientific study pertaining to movement. Gait analysis has been an evolving area of study and in recent years its application in the development of orthosis, exoskeletons and rehabilitative devices is inevitable. Electromyogram (EMG) being a natural occurring physiological signal providing valuable information on neuro-muscular and musculoskeletal morphologies, its role is indispensable in analysing the underlying cause of movement pathologies. This paper reviews the contributions of EMG in movement analysis so far and its significance to the development of patient specific control of orthotic and rehabilitative applications.
Effect of Scapular Position- Motion Maintenance Exercise Programme During Post Traumatic Shoulder Immobilization
Authors: Trusha Shambhubhai Goti1, Sandeep Babasaheb Shinde
Published: January 2024

Background: The scapula plays a key role in nearly every aspect of normal shoulder function. Alteration in scapular position and motion is found in association with most shoulder injuries. This alteration is term as scapular dyskinesis. Prevalence of scapular dyskinesis is about 67 to 100 %. But many literature focus on treatment after occurrence but very few aim at prevention during immobilization phase.This made indeed to study the effect of scapular position – motion maintenance programme during shoulder immobilization phase. Objectives: To determine the effect of scapular position -motion maintenance exercise programme during post traumatic shoulder immobilization phase, To compare the effect of scapular position -motion maintenance exercise programme and conventional physiotherapy during post traumatic shoulder immobilization phase. Method: A Total of 40 subjects were selected aged between 20 to 50 years. They were divided into two groups. Group A (experimental) and group B (conventional). Both groups received treatment for 6 weeks for a duration of 30 minutes. The outcome measure used wereVAS, Posture assessment, pectoralis minor muscle length ,Linnies test and scapular assistance test. Result:The study concludes that experimental group (scapular position- motion programme)proved more efficacious in reducing risk of scapular dyskinesisin patients with humerus fracture during immobilization phase as compared with conventional treatment.
Health Status of Children in Assam
Authors: Chayanika Goswami
Published: January 2024

Children are the most valuable asset of a nation; their good health is the cornerstone for survival and development for current and succeeding generations which guarantee the sound and sustained economic development. Child health is a state of social, emotional, intellectual, mental and physical well- being which does not merely represent the absence of disease or infirmity. The term nutrition refers to a process of attaining necessary food for proper health and growth of human being. The nutritional status of children impacts their health, cognition and educational achievements. But underweight and malnutrition are most prominent health indicators in India and also in Assam (According to NFHS-3 & NFHS-4). Assam is situated in the North-East of India, bearing a considerable percentage of its population under the poverty line. Assam does not have shown much improvement in its health and nutrition indicators. Almost 36.4 percent children under age 5 are stunted and Infant Mortality Rate as high as 48( NFHS-4). The health status of children in rural areas of Assam is very pathetic. 55 percent children are stunting in rural areas. Various reports states that though Assam has made progress in its health indicators, still there is a great need to strengthen its existing health care services especially in the rural areas. The present study has made an attempt to study the health status of children in Assam. This study may be able to provide a base line information and need for effective implementation of various schemes and programmes for the improvement of health status of children in future.
A Study on Work Life Balance and Stress of Female Employees in IT Sector: A Study with Special Reference to Employees in Chennai
Authors: Mary Sudharshini Fernando1, M. Kavitha
Published: January 2024

The main aim of this study is to find the work life balance and it causing stress among the female employees working in IT sector. The primary data is collected by using primary method such as questionnaires. For this study questionnaires are used to collect primary data from the respondents. Factor analysis is used to find the result by the researcher. The results shown that Work-life-balance is an important issue in IT profession. In today’s competitive era, with changing demands, regulations and so much pressure the work needs have increased a lot. This leads to increase in stress level of the female IT employees .Majority of the respondents expressed that there is no separate policy for work life balance in their organisation and many people were doing work overtime.
The Role of Cultural Social Factor in Decision Making of Choosing Female Family Planning Contraception
Authors: Abdul Jalil Amri Arma1, Surya Utama
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the factors that influence the decision to choose the female family planning contraception. This type of research is qualitative research by obtaining key informants (family acceptors), supporting informants (husbands) with in-depth interview method. Data analysis is carried out by the method of focused group discussion. The results used are rational motives with only one social variable, namely ‘husbands’ supports, the informants agree that these social variables do have a strong influence on the contraception selection of the female family planning acceptors.
Effect of Exercises Using a Pressing Tool on Some Biochemical and Skilled Variables of Tennis Players
Authors: Hussein Ali Hussein Al Kufi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to identify the effect of exercises using a pressing tool for the arms on some biochemical and skilled variables for tennis players. An experimental design was used to guide this study. The study included a purposive sample of six players from Al-Jaish Sport Club who practice tennis. These players were received the administered intervention. To ensure the subjects’ homogeneity and normal distribution, the researcher used the mean, standards deviation, and skewness for the filed survey. The researcher concluded that there were statistically significant, within normal limit increase in the white and red blood cells counts as they include all what lead to increase body toxins and waste-products of harmful cells. The researcher recommends paying attention to the biochemical variables for the players throughout training in order to develop their physiological abilities
Effect of Generative Learning Strategy with Visual Technologies in Learning Some Basic Skills and Motor Abilities for 5-6-Years Kindergarten Children
Authors: Mayadah Khalid Jasim
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of generative learning strategy with visual technology in learning some basic skills and motor abilities for 5-6-years kindergarten children. A two groups experimental design was used to guide this study. The study included male children who age 5-6-years who were selected from the Lote Tree Kindergarten at Al-Rusafa side, Baghdad City for the academic years 2017-2018. The study included 24 children who were selected and assigned into two groups; study and control, using a simple random sample method. The study sample represented 40% of the target population. The researcher selected the skills of jogging, jumping, and the abilities of mobile balance, and the eye-hand compatibility as dependent variables. The generative learning strategy with visual technology in learning were applied to the children of the experimental group for 12-weeks of the second semester of the academic year 2017-2018, at a rate of two sessions per week on Sunday and Thursday. The total number of learning sessions was 24 sessions.Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS).The researcher concludes that the generative learning strategy with visual technology in learning has proven to be effective in learning jogging and jumping skills and learning the ability of mobile balance and eye-hand compatibility for study subjects
Factors Associated with Hypertension among Adults in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nurul Wahyu Wadarsih1, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika
Published: January 2024

Background: Hypertension is influenced by various factors including genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. Objectives: We aimed to identify factors associated with hypertension among adults in West Java, Indonesia. Material and Method: The study design was a cross-sectional approach using secondary data from the ‘Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD)’ conducted in Kebon Kalapa Village, Bogor City, Indonesia in 2017. This descriptive study used a structured questionnaire to collect primary data distributed to respondents after obtaining their consent. Nutritional status and blood pressure data were collected from participants. A 24-h dietary recall was conducted to collect nutrient intake data. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS software version 24.0. Results: The prevalence of hypertension in this study was 34.2% and 23.9% of respondents were hypertensive. Bivariate analysis revealed that age 45–59 years, female gender, history of hypertension, overweight, and obesity were associated with hypertension status (P values = 0.0005, respectively, and odds ratios = 2.59, 2.37, 40.06, 7.60 and 10.04, respectively). Conclusions: Factors associated with hypertension among adults in West Java, Indonesia included older age, female gender, history of hypertension, and nutritional status.
Psychosomatic Impact of Social Networking Sites on Society and its Subtle But Real Consequences
Authors: Abhimanyu Chopra1, J.K. Mittal
Published: January 2024

The paper intends to focus on the issues of psychological and emotional impact of individuals due to excessive use of Social Networking Sites and intends to dwell into these concepts to highlight that excessive use of such sites have a substantial impact on the well-being of an individual emotionally and physically and while Social media has become immensely popular so has the mental disorderliness among young adults. The paper also brings in light the concept of ‘Facebook/Insta Depression’ as a concept and the rise of the this depression in young adults and some suggestions as to how avoid/deal with it.
Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme Regarding Weaning Practices among Primipara Mothers in a Selected Area at Kanchipuram District, Tamilnadu, India.
Authors: R. Vinothini  , Deepan Babu M. , Vasuki S. , Nandhini T. , Nancy Victoria J.
Published: January 2024

Toevaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regardingweaning practices among Primiparamothers. To determine the association on weaning practices with the selecteddemographic variables.Theconvenience sampling technique with the sample of 53 primipara mothers and self structured questionnaireto assess the pre-test and post-test knowledge of mothers on weaning practices. The structured teachingprogramme to assessing the level of knowledge of primipara mothers on weaning practices. The level ofsignificance selected was p<0.05. The data collection tools was validated and reliability was established.The data were collected by self structured questionnaire. The collected data was tabulated and analyzed.Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The pre test mean value is 8 and post test mean value is97and the pretest standard deviation is 2.227 and post test standard deviation is 336.4 .The study showedthat pretest on 1.88 % of primipara mothers had adequate knowledge, 58.4% of primipara mothers hadmoderate knowledge, 39.6% of the primipara mothers had inadequate knowledge and post test on 92.4%of primipara mothers had adequate knowledge, 7.54 % of primipara mothers had moderate knowledge,0% of the primipara mothers had inadequate knowledge on weaning practices and there was a significantassociation of the knowledge with demographic variables
Does Vertigo Predict Hypertension in Cervical Spondylosis: Clinical Trail Study
Authors: Talib Kadhim Akar
Published: January 2024

Background: Both cervical spondylosis and hypertension are common medical conditions. That is whetherspondylosis leads to hypertension and whether vertigo could predict hypertension is not clear.Objective: To identify the relationship between cervical spondylosis & systemic hypertension throughidentification of probable predictors .Patient and Method: All patients were seen in Al Mowasat outpatient clinic from January 2017 to August2019 with symptomatic cervical spondylosis .All of them were evaluated for presence of hypertension alongwith signs and symptoms of cervical spondylosis. Diagnosis of cervical spondylosis was based on clinicalcriteria and radiological findings.Result: A total of 50 patients(31 males and 19 females) were studied. Hypertension was ascertained in29(58%). Common signs and symptoms of cervical spondylosis were evaluated including headache in89.4%, vertigo in 83.7%, chest pain in 55%, shoulder pain in 61.9%,numbness in 65.1%,abnormal reflexesin 44.7%, Babiniski sign in 17% and Body Mass Index ?30 in 60.4%).Logistic regression analysis indicatedthat vertigo is significant independent predictor of hypertension in cervical spondylosis patients.Conclusions: Vertigo was a predictor of hypertension in spondylotic patients.
Correction of the Manifestations of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Primary School Children
Authors: Anatoly IvanovichAlifirov1
Published: January 2024

Context: Currently, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder remains very common among children. Theongoing attempts to correct this condition, including using an integrated approach through the use of severalindividually selected method at once, have not yet yielded satisfactory results. In the course of the study,the correctional possibilities of the author’s methodology of teaching chess for children aged 7-9 yearswith attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were evaluated. The technique turned out to be effective dueto the integrated use of multimedia accompaniment and special techniques for switching the attention ofchildren during classes. It is established that the author’s technique helps to reduce the severity of symptomsin children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Semi-annual classes provided in all cases theelimination of existing violations and the achievement in children of a balance of excitation and inhibitionin the cerebral cortex during the development of a game of chess according to the author’s method.
The Effectiveness Comparison of Type of Treatments in Decreasing of Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) in Household Wastewater
Authors: Muliyadi Muliyadi
Published: January 2024

Context: In Indonesia, the biggest source of wastewater producers comes from household activities.phytoremediation and biofiltration are some method that can handle domestic wastewater pollution. Thisstudy aims to determine the effectiveness comparison of the type of treatments in decreasing of TDS andTSS in Household Wastewater. The research method used in this research is pure experiment. The sampleselection is based on the level of pollution that occurs in the ternate city area due to wastewater and has ahigh population density so that it is taken a sample in the eastern Makassar district. Media selection is basedon its ability to reduce pollutant parameters of TDS and TSS as has been stated in several journals withbiofiltration and phytoremediation approaches. The total sample used was 15 liters of domestic wastewater.This research was conducted for 4 weeks and all parameter was tested 4 times, the first test was at thefirst week, the second test was after treatment second weeks, the third test was after treatment 3rd week,the fourth test was after treatment 4th week. All tested parameter tests by using the gravimetry method.Phytoremediation by using water hyacinth is more effective in reducing levels of TDS and TSS in domesticwaste than biofiltration by using banana stems.
HIV Infection, Religion and Spirituality in Nigerian Community Settings
Authors: Vera Victor-Aigbodion1,2
Published: January 2024

This article focuses on religion and spirituality regarding People Living with Human ImmunodeficiencyVirus (PLWH) in Nigeria. Specifically, the paper x-rayed the situation of HIV epidemic in Nigeria, followedby the impact of religion and spirituality on PLWH and finally the possible solution that can help to reducethe prevalence of the disease, as well as improve care and support of PLWH in Nigerian community settings
Patients Expectation of Orthodontic Treatment in Chennai, India
Authors: Poonguzhali  , M.R.Prashanth  , D.Prabu  , Sunayana Manipal  , Bharathwaj  , Rajmohan
Published: January 2024

Objective: To measure the patients expectations towards orthodontic treatment.Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was designed, developed and distributed to 175 subjects agedbetween 12-25 years which they completed before their initial appointment. Interaction with the patient’sbelief, fulfillment of their wishes with the appearance of face, age group, sex were examined. A re-test wasagain conducted to interviewed and then distributed to 22 subjects who completed the questionnaire beforetheir initial appointment for which a valid and mean analysis was done. The variable of age and gender wereexplored.Result: The questionnaire gave a clear idea of the patients mainly expect from their orthodontic treatment,which is very useful in improving the quality of the treatment and treatment planning and also theirexpectations.Conclusion: The study lay out with a reasonable and well determined to know the belief of the patients.
Effects of Task-Oriented Exercises on Improving the Balance, Minimizing the Risk of Fall in Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy- A Comparative Study
Authors: Yashasree Patil  , R. M. Singaravelan  , Tejas Pradeep Borkar
Published: January 2024

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy often demonstrates impairments in balance and thus anincreased risk for falls. This affects the both static balance and dynamic balance, but static balance is moreaffected. Balance training is considered to be a very important tool for prevention of falls in older population.It has been shown to produce improvements in different aspects of balance.Objective: To find out the effect of task-oriented exercises on improving the balance and minimizing therisk of fall in patients with diabetic neuropathy- a comparative study.Methodology: 18 patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were allocated into 2 groups. GroupA (n=8) received conventional Physiotherapy & Group B (n=10) received task-oriented exercises along withconventional Physiotherapy.Result: Result of this study showed that there is significant difference in pre and post values for both FFABQand BBS scales except for BBS the scores of group A no significant changes. On comparison between GroupA and Group B, the group B showed more improvement in FFABQ and BBS score than group A.Conclusion: This study concluded that the Task-oriented exercises with Conventional Physiotherapy weremore effective in improving balance and reducing the fear of fall than with only conventional physiotherapyin diabetic neuropathy patients after 3 weeks of duration.
The Effect of Fasting during Pregnancy on Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in Cerebrum and Cerebellum
Authors: Fitria Hari Wibawati  , Elpinaria Girsang  , Ratih Suryaman  , Tisna Yanti  , Sara Tania Aprianty
Published: January 2024

Background: Fasting for pregnant women is still a debatable issue among society and clinicians. Fasting done by pregnant women causes brain neurons to receive more energy thus increases the connection between the neurons. A brain hormone called Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor will be affected during fasting. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in neuronal survival and growth, serves as a neurotransmitter modulator, and participates in neuronal plasticity, which is essential for learning and memory. Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) has an important role in brain development, namely in the formation of new nerve cells and cognitive processes inside the brain which helps to optimize cognitive, learning, and memory functions. Fasting during pregnancy will influence fetal brain cells due to increase in the body’s metabolic system which is delivered to cerebrumand cerebellum neuron cells. The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of fasting during three trimesters pregnancy on Brain-derived Neurotrophic (BDNF) factor expression in cerebrum and cerebellum. Method: The design of this research is true experimental laboratory post-test with control group design. The research samples are rats (Rattus norvegicus) which consists of 3 groups and 1 control group. First group (X1) was the rats born from mother with 2 days fasting during first trimester pregnancy, second group (X2) was the rats born from mother with 2 days fasting during second trimester pregnancy and third group (X3) was the rats born from mother with 2 days fasting during third trimester pregnancy. The control group (X0) was the rats born from mother without fasting during the whole pregnancy. Brain dissections of new born rats were taken and the brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor expression was studied within munohistochemistry.Conclusion: Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor expression in cerebrumand cerebellumwas examined with immunohistochemical method. Data from each sample was assessed using the Remmele Scale Indexmethod (Immunoreactive Score). There was significant cerebrum Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor expression mean found in third trimester (3.90 2.403) with p-value = 0.008 (p<0.05). There were no significant cerebellum Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor expression differences found in all trimesters. Fasting during pregnancy is safe for both mother and children. Fasting during pregnancy will increase the Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor expression so that the brain function will improve as well.
Study of Facial Index in both sexes of Northern Maharashtra
Authors: Karan Bhagwan Khairnar  , Dinesh Prakash Khate  , Santhosh sinde
Published: January 2024

Background: Face is an entity that helps to distinguish one person from another. It also signifies distinction between races, ethnic groups, Sexes and even members of same family. Hence it has anthropological, anatomical and medico legal importance.Method: 60 adult males and 60 adults females aged between 18 to 35 were studied with spreading calliper, Facial Index was measured from Nasion to Gnathion, Zygion to zygionResults: The male facial Index was 90.5 (± 0.5) and female was 87.2 (± 0.3) (p<0.001) p value was highly significant. The present Facial Index was classified anthropologically under Lepto proscopic facial Index.Conclusion: Present Facial Index of Maharashtra Population is useful to anthropologist, anatomist and medico legal export to differentiate Maharashtra population from other racial or ethnic groups of India and abroad because morpho-metric values of mesodermalderivatives are un-certain
Bacterial Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Gram Negative Bacteria Isolated from Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Leema Chaudhary  , Anita Pandey  , Peetam Singh  , Priyanka Chaturvedi
Published: January 2024

Background: Pyogenic infections are one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. Gram negative bacteria (GNB)are predominantly isolated in Hospital settings across India. A study was planned to determine the profile and susceptibility pattern of Gram negative bacteria isolated from pus samples in a tertiary care Hospital. Material and Methods: This prospective hospital based study was conducted over a period of one year. A total of 1623 pus samples received in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory were subjected to culture and identification of aerobic bacterial pathogen as per standard bacteriological method and antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines 2020.Result: The culture positivity rate was 467(28.77%).There was predominance of GNB (78.59%). Klebsiella species was the predominant GNB isolated. Most of the GNBs showed good susceptibility against imipenem. However, lower susceptibility was observed against cephalosporins, quinolones, aminoglycosides and cotrimoxazole. None of the isolated GNB exhibited resistance to colistin.Conclusion: Klebsiella species was the predominant GNB isolated from pus samples from our hospital. Knowledge of bacterial profile and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is important for institution of empirical antimicrobial therapy for better patient outcome.
Perspective Study of Spontaneous Resorption of Lumbar Disc Herniation in Female Population of Telangana State, India
Authors: Madhusudhan Kumar Ummadisetty  , Srinivasa Mahendra Muniswamy Parasuraman
Published: January 2024

Background: Herniation of the disc is the one of the disadvantages human population is facing due to the erect posture. Herniation is the abnormal protrusion of nucleus pulposus from weak site in the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc. It impairs the locomotion of the patients affected with herniation of the disc until the resorption occurs.Method: 30 females aged between 35 to 55 years treated with conservative treatment for low back pain were included in the study. MRI was done to confirm diagnosis and to know the degree of herniation. Routine blood investigations were done to rule out any associated diseases.Results: Out of 30 (12 (40%) were normal, 10 (33.3%) had type-II DM and 8 (26.6%) had HTN. Comparison of spontaneous resorption (in months) 7.5 (±2.4) mean value in large disc, 12.2 (±2.6) in small disc and p value was highly significant (p<0.001).Conclusion:Spontaneous resorption of herniated disc can occur by different mechanisms(retraction, dehydration, and inflammatory mediated mechanism). Early clinical recovery is usually associated with quick resorption of herniated disc.
Knowledge Regarding Yellow Fever Vaccination and Satisfaction with the Yellow Fever Vaccination Outpatient Department Services among International Travelers
Authors: Rachhanaa Pawaskar  , Deepika Sadawarte  , Gajanan Velhal
Published: January 2024

Background: Globalization has brought the world closer and at the same time has unleashed spread of various diseases. Yellow Fever is an important disease of public health concern especially as an aspect of ergonomics, because it is endemic to specific regions of the world. Yellow Fever vaccination has been a boon in Yellow fever prevention. This study aimed to determine the knowledge of the international travelers attending the Yellow Fever vaccination outpatient department (OPD) along with their satisfaction with the OPD services and out of pocket expenditure incurred to get the vaccine. Methods: After obtaining Ethics clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee, this cross sectional study was conducted among 234 international travelers, who attended the Yellow Fever vaccination OPD from May, 2021 to November, 2021. Data collection was done using a study questionnaire and analysis was done to obtain following results.Results: Only 16% (n=38) attending the Yellow Fever Vaccination OPD had satisfactory knowledge regarding Yellow Fever and its vaccination. Those availing the services of the Yellow Fever vaccination center were satisfied with the services provided for most of them had a good (52.6%) experience. Average total expenditure incurred was INR 4141.25 only.Conclusions: A lack of knowledge regarding Yellow Fever and its vaccination among the international travelers was found. They were satisfied with the services at the OPD. Out of pocket expenditure to get the vaccine is substantial.
Study of Prevalence of Appendicitis in children of Bihar Population
Authors: Sanjay Namadar  , Swayangprava Pradhan  , Sunil Kumar Habada  , Kedar NathNayak
Published: January 2024

Background: Appendicitis is quite common surgical emergency in children because it is longer in children rangesfrom 2-20 cm than adult 6-10 cm. Moreover it is most constricted part of GIT like pharynx.Method: 80 children (40 male and 40 females) below 10 years having symptoms of appendicitis and confirmedbyUSG/ST scan were operated by General anaesthesia and dissected part was sent to histo-pathology test to ruleout the exact pathology.Results: Highest incidence of acute appendicitis was observed in both sexes 23 (57.5%) male, 20 (50%)female andleast number of perforated appendicitis 10 (25%) in male, 4 (10%) in female was observed.Conclusion: Present pragmatic study of appendicitis having acute, chronic and perforation will help the surgeonto treat efficiently to avoid morbidity and mortality in children.
Assessment of Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Medical Students
Authors: Siva Keerthika S  , Santosh Biradar  , Vinod S Kamble  , Shrinivas Reddy B
Published: January 2024

Background: Medical students are challenged with academic, psychosocial, health factors which makes themeasily prone for Depression, Anxiety and Stress. The study aims to assess the prevalence of Depression, Anxietyand Stress among medical students and to identify the associated factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study involving all the medical students of ESIC Medical College, Kalaburagi who arewilling to participate. DASS 21 scale questionnaire was used to collect data.Results: The prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress was found to be 17.75%, 29.91% and 12.13% respectively.Statistically significant association was found only between Stress and factors like gender and sleep hours.Conclusions: Medical students have notable amount of Depression, Anxiety and Stress which has to be addressedat individual level involving peers and family, ensuring endurance in all the activities.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Physical Activity Patterns and Dietary Habits of a Nursing College Students in Central Karnataka
Authors: Sindhu BM  , Abhinandan S Kumbar  , Shashank KJ  , Rashmi BM
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Nutritional habits and physical activity influence the health status of young adults. Noncommunicablediseases (NCDs) such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major humanhealth problems of 21st century. NCD risk factors like sedentary lifestyle, increased consumption of diet richin sugar, fats and salt, tobacco and alcohol consumption are increasingly found among youth. Having properdietary habits (nutritional behaviour) and moderate physical exercise are the best methods for reducingCVD risk.Objectives: To assess patterns of physical activity and dietary habits followed by students studying at a nursingcollege in Chitradurga.Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study. Assessments, by questionnaire, included daily food intake, frequencyof consuming foodstuffs with an adequate nutritional value and evaluating adverse dietary habits and types ofphysical activity undertaken.Results: 175 students participated in the study. Physical activities of moderate and vigorous intensity werefollowed by 65.7% and 65.1% students respectively. Foods with good nutritional value were consumed in lesserquantities. 14.9% consumed < 1 vegetable serving/day, 38.3% consumed < 1 fruit serving / week. There werestudents who did not consume vegetables (8%) or fruits (14.9%) at all. Higher frequencies (2-6 days/week) ofconsumption of junk food (12.6%) and soft drinks (10.3%) were found.Conclusion: It is an encouraging fact to know that students were involved in moderate or vigorous physicalactivities on regular basis. Whereas healthy dietary practice was less and consumption of junk food and softdrinks was more. Present study highlights areas of nutritional concerns that must be addressed to bringabout reduction in proportion of modifiable risk factors of NCDs among youth in health care professionalcourses.
An Epidemiological Profile of Previously Treated Patients Registered in Tuberculosis Units in Urban Visakhapatnam
Authors: Devi Madhavi Bhimarasetty  , VenkataDurga Prasad Vithanala  , Jayasree Palla  , Sindhura Moparthi
Published: January 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health problem. Retreatment patients havehigher risk of drug resistance compared with new cases. The objective of the study is to describe the typesof retreatment (previously treated) patients and assess the Socio demographic characteristics, co morbidand behavioural conditions of retreatment patients and to identify the factors associated with relapseunder Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program ( RNTCP) in the tuberculosis units located in UrbanVisakhapatnam. The main aim of the study is to study epidemiological profile of previously treated patientsto identify the factors which make tuberculosis patients prone for retreatment so that necessary action canbe taken.Methods: This is an Observational Analytical Cross-sectional study done in Tuberculosis units in GVMC. All thesubjects(193) who were registered as Previously treated patients in TUs during the second and third quarter ofthe year 2016 i.e April to September 2016. A pretested semi structured schedule was administered. Categoricaldata was analysed by Chi square test. Quantitative variables were represented as means and standard deviation.Unpaired t test was used for testing statistical significance in quantitative data.Results : Among 193 study subjects 168 (87%) were having pulmonary TB and remaining 25 (13%) were havingextra pulmonary TB. Majority of the study participants, 141 (73%) were males whereas only 52 (27%) were females.Relapse patients were 125(64.9%) Defaulters were 12 (6.2%), Treatment failure was 9 (4.6%) and Others previouslytreated were 47 (24.3%). Chi square test was used for testing statistical significance of association betweencategorical variables.Conclusion: Socio demographic factors, behavioural and co morbid factors have an effect on Relapse andmodifying these risk factors may bring about favourable outcomes. There is further need for exploring the reasonsfor high rates of relapse.
A Study of Association of Serological Markers and Platelet count in Dengue Patients in GHMC limits, Hyderabad, Telangana
Authors: Zu Afshan Sultana  , K Sujatha  , Fakeha Firdous  , Mohammed Saad Hussain
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Acute viral infections like Dengue which can result in Dengue Hemorrhagic fever (DHF) & DengueShock Syndrome (DSS) are potentially lethal. The measurement of released NS1 protein, IgM & IgG is a noveltechnique for identifying acute dengue infection. Platelet count is the only Non-dengue parameter that can supportthe diagnosis of DHF& DSS.1AIM: This study was done to evaluate the association of Platelet count and Dengue parameters singly positive andwhen combined positive.Materials and Methods: This was a Cross- Sectional prospective study conducted at Departments of Microbiology &Pathology at Telangana Diagnostics, Hyderabad which is a NABL accredited Central Laboratory run by Governmentof Telangana from Febraury 2022 to January 2023.All clinically suspected cases of Dengue reported in Outpatientdepartments of Primary Health Centers (PHCs), Community Health Centers (CHCs), Area Hospitals & DistrictHospital, Under GHMC limits Hyderabad were included in the study from February 2022 to January 2023Results: Out of 1100 samples received from clinically suspected cases of Dengue, 516 (46.9%) samples werepositive for Dengue, and out which 109 (21.12%) cases showed platelet count below 1.5 lakhs/cumm. Denguecases with positive NS1 and IgM were consistently associated with Thrombocytopenia in comparison with otherserological parameters. The Chi-Square test and statistical software Epi info and MS Excel was used to find out thestatistical significance.Conclusion: Detection of dengue specific serological parameters along with platelet count in diagnosis of Denguehelps in early diagnosis and prevent complications like Dengue Hemorrhagic fever & Dengue shock syndromethere by reducing mortality and morbidity.
Severe Leptospirosis With non-Oliguric Renal Failure With ‘Myocarditis’ Mimicking Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Rare Presentation From Northern India
Authors: Amit Kumar  , Majaz Ahmad  , Desai Vishal Jakshibhai
Published: January 2024

Leptospirosis is a globally distributed zoonosis with a broad clinical spectrum. Thisthe disease mostly affectsliver and kidney tissues. Other organs can be affected by leptospirosis-induced vasculitis. In addition, cardiacmanifestations are common, and the presence of transient ECG abnormalities can be found in 50-60 % of thepatients(1). Early diagnosis and adequate supportive therapy are crucial for the appropriate management ofsymptoms. In this article, we present a case of leptospirosis with myocarditis with hypokalemia and non-oliguricacute renal failure. All clinical findings gradually regressed after treatment.
Evaluation of Operative Outcomes of Open Fractures of Distal Femur
Authors: Gaurav singh  , Nitin Goyal  , Neha Agrawal
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Open fractures of the distal femur are a uncommon and intricate type of injury that typically occurin individuals who have sustained multiple traumas. These types of fractures are often accompanied by bone loss,contamination, damaged soft tissue, and a patient’s overall poor health condition. The purpose of this study is toexamine the outcomes of patients who were treated for open distal femur fractures using a staged protocol, whichinvolves initial external fixation with debridement, followed by definitive fixation using an anatomical lockingplate and bone grafting at a later stage.Method: The study included a group of 20 patients of open distal femurfractures who were operated withtemporary external fixator and later on converted to definitive fixation with condylar locking plate with bonegrafting. These patients were operated with our staged protocol and clinical outcome was evaluated using thefunctional evaluation scoring system by Sander’s et al and Knee Society Scoring. Out of these 20 patients, 1 waslost to follow up at 3 months and 2 others were lost to follow up at 6 months. These 3 were excluded from ourstudy.Results: Fracture union was seen in all 17 patients. The average time to union was 22.65+3.3 weeks. Two patientswere complicated with infection and delayed union. Ilizarov application was doneto achieve union and gainlength once the infection subsided.Conclusion- Staged protocol of temporary external fixator followed by definitive fixation with condylar lockingplate and bone grafting is a safe and reliable method for the management of open distal femur fractures.
Exploring Pregnant Women and Very Low Birth Weight Babies: A Study in a Tertiary Care Medical College Hospital
Authors: Anumodan Gupta  , Aditi Saini  , Ghanshyam Saini  , Mohammad Irfan Dar
Published: January 2024

Low birth weight is a critical indicator of new-born health, particularly in developing countries where it is moreprevalent. However, data on low birth weight in these countries is often limited due to home or small healthfacility deliveries that go unreported. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of mothers and their verylow birth weight (VLBW) infants, who are at high risk for morbidity and mortality.Methods: The study included hospitalized mothers and their VLBW neonates. Pre- and perinatal data, includinghospitalization complications, were collected from case files using a pre-designed questionnaire and analysed.Results: The mean maternal age in the study group was 24.88 ± 2.92 years, with the majority falling between 21 and25 years. Gestational hypertension, alone or in combination with other risk factors, was the most significant riskfactor (18.36%). The caesarean section (C-section) rate was 58.7%. Among the study group, 49.81% of mothers hadone or more risk factors, with gestational hypertension (18.3%), leaking (12.6%), eclampsia (1.3%), and gestationaldiabetes mellitus (4.8%) being the most prevalent. Out of 7,288 neonates born in SMGS Hospital, 458 (4.3%) wereVLBW babies, with a mean gestational age of 32.19 ± 1.5 weeks and a mean birth weight of 1320 ± 0.21 grams. Themortality rate among VLBW neonates was 5.8%. The most common neonatal outcomes were sepsis (21.8%) andrespiratory distress syndrome (15.9%). The need for mechanical ventilation and surfactant therapy was 6.5% and9.1%, respectively.Conclusion: Delivering preterm VLBW babies from mothers with high-risk factors in hospitals equipped withtertiary care neonatal intensive care units is crucial to improving their outcomes and survival. These findingshighlight the importance of appropriate healthcare facilities for this vulnerable population.
Comparative Study of Plating Versus Closed Square Nailing in Forearm Fractures in Andhra Pradesh Population
Authors: Kiran Kumar Tapal  , B Bhanu Pratap
Published: January 2024

Background: Fracture of forearm bones impair the supination and pronation movements of proximal and distalend of the forearm. Restriction of these movements leads to difficulty in activities of daily living.Method:60 patients were included in the study out of which 30 were treated with plating and screws and 30 weretreated with closed square nailing method. The functional outcomes of both patients were compared.Results: 32 (53.3%) had right side forearm fracture, 28 (46.6%) had left side fracture, 28 (46.6%) had RTA, 32(53.3%) had indirect injuries, 16 (53.6%) Nailing, 21 (70%) DCP had excellent results, 7 (23.3%) nailing and 2 (6.6%)DCP had poor results.Conclusion: In the present study it was concluded that plating has good functional end results and is the besttechnique to treat fracture of forearm bones. Bone is a highly elastic tissue with good healing potential and henceit requires proper tightening and moulding to facilitate proper movements.
Comparative Study of Efficacy of Corticosteroid Versus Analogues PRP in Chronic Plantar Fasciitis in Andhra Pradesh Population
Authors: B. Bhanu Pratap  , Kiran Kumar Tapal
Published: January 2024

Background: Plantar fasciitis is a common pathological condition of the foot and can be a challenge for cliniciansto treat successfully.Method: Out of 60 patients 30 patients were injected corticosteroid 2ml (8 mg) along with 0.5ml of plain 2% xylocaineusing 20G wide bore needle. PRP (platelet rich plasma) was prepared from the autologous blood, drawnfromcubital vein three BD vacutainer tubes which is 2.7 ml tube that contains 0.35 ml of 3.2% of sodium citrate as an anticoagulant. Blood was centrifuged twice, first time at 1200/rpm, second time 2400 rpm. The platelets were checkedrandomly by pathologist by Neubauer’s chamber method or auto analyser. PRP was injected at tenderness site,after injecting 2% of xylocaine with 20 Gauze needle and follow-up was done for a week, 6th week, 3rd month and6thmonths and outcomes of results were noted.Results: Clinical manifestations were VAS Baseline score – 7.137 in PRP group, 7.214 was in steroid group. Baselineof AOFAS was 53 (SD±5.12) in PRP group, 54.6 (SD±3.30) in steroid group. VAS score at 6th week was 2.62 in PRPgroup, 1.94 in steroid, at 3rd month 1.94 in PRP, 2.89 in steroid group, at 6th month 1.42 in PRP and 3.79 in steroidgroup. AOFAS scores was highly significant (p<0.001) at 6th weeks, 3rd months and 6th months.Conclusion: Corticosteroid therapy is more effective for short duration relief but PRP therapy is more effectivefor long term relief.
NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF JIZZAK REGION AS DEVELOPMENT FACTORS OF ECOTOURISM
Authors:   Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Shukurboevna Sanayeva Lola
Published: January 2024

The cultural and natural resources of the regions are an important factor in the development of eco-tourism. In total, there are 427 cultural heritage sites in the Jizzakh region, of which 268 are archaeological monuments, 100 are architectural monuments, 59 are monuments of monumental art.