bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educação superior em saúde: a educação a distância em meio à crise do novo coronavírus no Brasil
Authors: Cavalcante Ana Suelen Pedroza , Machado Lucas Dias Soares , Farias Quiteria Larissa Teodoro , Pereira Wallingson Michael Gonçalves , Da Silva Maria Rocineide Ferreira
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: refletir sobre as estratégias de educação a distância adotadas no ensino remoto por instituições de ensino superior brasileiras no processo de continuidade de suas atividades letivas da graduação e da pós-graduação na área da saúde, no contexto da pandemia pelo novo coronavírus.Síntese de conteúdo: essa pandemia caracteriza uma crise generalizada e, com isso, a suspensão das aulas presenciais nas universidades no Brasil. Esse episódio promove um debate sobre possibilidades, riscos e consequências das estratégias de educação a distância adotadas neste momento. Por um lado, possibilita a aproximação dos indivíduos e a continuidade do ensino ante o isolamento social; por outro, acarreta a dissolução das diretrizes curriculares dos cursos de graduação em saúde. A educação a distância apresenta-se como uma forte ferramenta para desenvolver o domínio cognitivo, porém insuficiente para atender os domínios psicomotor e afetivo. A pandemia evidencia que somente práticas técnicas não são suficientes para o exercício dos profissionais de saúde, já que o contato humano é fundamental no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Argumenta-se que é imprescindível garantir o tripé ensino-pesquisa-extensão baseado nos vínculos sociais dos futuros profissionais e na compreensão dos diferentes contextos em que atuarão.Conclusão: a educação a distância, embora relevante para o ensino remoto no momento da pandemia, deve ser realizada posteriormente em caráter complementar, e não substitutivo ao ensino presencial.
RFID AND VIRTUAL REALITY TEST SETUP FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, BEŠIĆ Ingmar , AVDAGIĆ Zikrija AVDAGIĆ , HODŽIĆ Kerim
Published: June 2021

Visual impairments often pose serious restrictions on a visually impaired person and there is a considerable number of persons, especially among aging population, which depend on assistive technology to sustain their quality of life. Development and testing of assistive technology for visually impaired requires gathering information and conducting studies on both healthy and visually impaired individuals in a controlled environment. We propose test setup for visually impaired persons by creating RFID based assistive environment – Visual Impairment Friendly RFID Room. The test setup can be used to evaluate RFID object localization and its use by visually impaired persons. To certain extent every impairment has individual characteristics as different individuals may better respond to different subsets of visual information. We use virtual reality prototype to both simulate visual impairment and map full visual information to the subset that visually impaired person can perceive. Time-domain color mapping real-time image processing is used to evaluate the virtual reality prototype targeting color vision deficiency.
OPTIMIZATION OF NFC ANTENNA TO MICROCONTROLLER’S BOARD DIMENSIONS
Authors:   Department of Technologies in Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovak Republic, LENGER Tomáš , PIETRIKOVÁ Alena ,   Department of Technologies in Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovak Republic
Published: June 2021

This paper is focused on Near-Field Communication (NFC), which is one of the most popular wireless communication. Although the NFC was developed in recent years, it is inseparable part of the everyday activities. NFC antenna is the key element for the realization of the NFC. This paper deals with the design of the miniaturized NFC antenna. Basic equations for coil inductance calculation, which are necessary for the NFC antenna design are presented as well. This paper also focuses on the influence of the coil’s aspect ratio to its inductance. The aim of this paper was the optimization of the NFC antenna dimensions. NFC antenna dimensions were calculated according to dimension of microcontroller Printed Circuit Board (PCB), so the antenna can be laminated directly to microcontroller PCB.
ANALYSIS OF OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES OF VOIP NETWORK
Authors:   Department of Electronics Multimedia Telecommunications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Kosice, Letna 9, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia, KOVACIK Cyril Filip , BUGAR Gabriel ,   Department of Electronics Multimedia Telecommunications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Kosice, Letna 9, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia
Published: June 2021

Voice transmission over the Internet network is now taken for granted. Many end-user applications address this issue. However, this paper focuses on the specific use of the SCCP protocol created by Cisco, its implementation in a computer network and end devices, determination of the operational properties of this implementation, and their comparison in different conditions. VoIP traffic is compared at different bandwidths and implemented by different configurations of IP protocols. By investigated implementations of IP protocols are meant IPv4, IPv6, and IPv4 protocol with applied NAT. As part of the application of various IP protocols is also compared VoIP communication with a video stream on a local basis. The conclusion of the paper is devoted to the graphical evaluation of these observations and to draw conclusions based on them.
THE IMPACT OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES ON SMART GRID
Authors:   Department of Electric Power Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovak Republic, PÁL Daniel , BEŇA Ľubomír , OLIINYK Maksym ,   Department of Electric Power Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovak Republic,   Department of Electric Power Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovak Republic
Published: June 2021

This publication examines the impact of electric vehicles on the grid. Electric cars are becoming more and more popular in the world. The annual sales quantity of electric cars in the world has an upward trajectory which has some serious implications on the electric grid as well. Both passenger and freight transport are being influenced by this current trend. In addition to various methods of transport, electric cars have the potential to transform traditional grids into smart ones. The primary objective of this study is to examine to what extent the voltage at the nodes changes when electric cars are connected to the network and also sets out to provide us with some overview of the effects on active power loss in the network.
Comparative aspects of auxiliary genesial technologies after various methods of treatment of pathology of ovaries and uterine tubes
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Nimenky M.V.
Published: June 2021

The objective: to increase efficiency of treatment of sterility at women after various methods of treatment of pathology of ovaries and uterine tubes on the basis of improvement and introduction of algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Materials and methods. Retrospective group research of 300 patients with sterility by which 543 cycles of auxiliary genesial technologies were executed is conducted. From 300 patients with sterility of 150 women (50.0%) had in the anamnesis reconstructive and plastic operative measures on uterus appendages (1 main group), it executed 298 cycles of auxiliary genesial technologies. The control group (group 2) included 150 patients who had not been operated on ovarian tumors or had undergone tubectomy and had 245 cycles of DRT. Results. Efficiency of auxiliary genesial technologies at women with various pathology of ovaries and uterine tubes depends on well-timed diagnostics, quality of performance of an operative measure with conservation of a functional condition of ovaries, terms of use of auxiliary genesial technologies and adequate prophylaxis of genesial losses on early durations of gestation. Conclusion. Results of the conducted researches testify that carrying out auxiliary genesial technologies after various methods of treatment of pathology of ovaries and uterine tubes has the features which need to be considered at all stages of maintaining women. Use of the algorithm improved by us allows to increase efficiency of treatment of female sterility at women of group of high risk. The obtained data allow us to recommend the algorithm improved by for wide use in reproductive clinics. Key words: operations on ovaries and uterine tubes, auxiliary genesial technologies.
Egg donation as a method of the treatment of infertility of poor responder`s in art clinic
Authors:   Medical Center Rodynne dzherelo, Kyiv, Ukraine, Strelko G.V. , Ulanova V.V. ,   Medical Center Rodynne dzherelo, Kyiv, Ukraine, Fesay O.A. ,   Medical Center Rodynne dzherelo, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The objective: сomparative characteristics of patients – poor responders and egg donors with the study of the effectiveness of corypholitropin-α in the schemes of controlled ovarian stimulation with GnRH antagonists protocols. Materials and methods. The analysis of the main clinical characteristics of the patients in the selected groups, age category, social status, level of education, structure of motivations for participation in ART programs, etc., was carried out. The effectiveness of the scheme of controlled ovarian stimulation using prolonged FSH in the protocol with antGNRH was analyzed in comparison with the daily injections of recombinant FSH into the controlled ovarian stimulation programs in egg donors. Results. A statistically significant difference was found in the age of the patients in the selected groups, differences in social status, level of education, etc. It has been proven that ovarian stimulation with corypholitropin-α is as effective as daily injection of recombinant FSH for controlled ovarian stimulation from egg donors. In addition, patient perception of protocols using сorifollitropina-α proves better tolerability compared to traditional protocols, due to fewer injections, which reduces the likelihood of early termination of treatment. Conclusion. The use of prolonged-action FSH has the same efficacy as the traditional protocols of controlled ovarian stimulation in terms of the number of oocytes and embryos obtained, as well as the frequency of pregnancy per cycle and transfer, but at the same time demonstrates a statistically lower dose of FSH. Key words: poor responders, egg donors, controlled ovarian stimulation, corypholitropin-α.
The speciallities of pregnancy, delivary and perinatal outcome in women with anemia and high parity
Authors:   SI Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health and the North Caucasian Healthcare Center of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, Kamilova M. , Khokimov D. ,   SI Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health and the North Caucasian Healthcare Center of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, Salimova Z. ,   SI Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health and the North Caucasian Healthcare Center of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: June 2021

The results of retrospective analysis of medical documentation of woman with anemia were presented. The specialties pregnancy, delivery and perinatal outcomes dependence on parity and degree anemia wery study. The obtained results confirm cumulative effect of negative action in combination of unfavorable factors - high parity and anemia on pregnancy, delivery and perinatal outcomes and motivate necessity the treatment of anemia in time period before pregnancy, prophylaxis preeclampsia and primary placental insufficiency in fist 3 month of pregnancy with donators of oxide azote. Key words: pregnancy, anemia, high parity, complications of pregnancy and delivery, perinatal outcomes.
Frequency of calcitriol deficiency and polymorphism of Vitamine D receptors gene in pregnant women with placental dysfunction and perinatal infection
Authors:   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Manasova G.S. , Zelinskyi A.A. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Didencul N.V. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Kuzmin N.V. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Chumak Z.V. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The pleiotropic extra-skeletal effects of calcitrioland its effect on the development of pregnancies various complications are now devoted to many researches. The objective: to evaluate the vitamin D status and frequency of polymorphism of the VD receptor’s (VDR) gene in pregnant women with placental dysfunction (PD) and verified perinatal infection (VPI). Materials and methods. There were 40 patients with a physiological pregnancy and 56 pregnant women with PD on the VPI background examined. The level of total VD in serum was determined by immunoassay; by polymerase chain reaction were assessed the frequency of the BsmI-polymorphism (A> G, rs1544410) of the VDR gene. Results. In patients with PD, a vitamin D-deficiency status is diagnosed more frequently – 28.5% VS 15.30% (RR=1.42; 95%CI: 1.08–1.87; р≤0.05). The level of VD in serum of women with PD is lower than in women with a physiological pregnancy (31.40±8.6 ng/ml VS 43.54±11.20 ng/ml, p≤0.01). In women with PD (71.43%), the heterozygous combination of A / G-type alleles was identified more often than in healthy pregnant women (35%) (OR=3.61; 95%СІ: 2.01–6.47; χ2 19.24; р<0.01): in carriers of this type of Bsml-polymorphism of the VDR gene, the risk of PD increases 3.6-fold. Conclusions. The formation of PD of the pleiotropic effects of vitamin D саn be explained particularly, but further research is necessary, including in the molecular genetic direction, which are likely to help in preventing the development of placental dysfunction in a some group of women. Key words: vitamin D, calcitriol, receptors, pregnancy, placental dysfunction, gene polymorphism.
Vaginal microbiomes in women with infertility that was surgical treatment on the uterine appendages
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O. Lukyanova of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Dubchak A.E. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine, Milevsky A.V. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O. Lukyanova of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Obeid N.N. ,   Zhytomyr Central City Hospital N 1, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The objective: of the study was to study the microbial vaginal tract in women with infertility, who had undergone surgical treatment on the uterine appendages. Materials and methods. An examination of vaginal discharge on flora and STIs was conducted in 120 women of reproductive age with infertility and benign ovarian formations, ectopic pregnancy, which was organ-retained surgical intervention on the appendages of the uterus. Of these, 76 (1 group) patients were surgically treated in a planned manner, 44 (in 2 groups) – in urgent cases. Results. Inflammatory diseases of the genital area were more common in women with infertility, who had surgical treatment in an urgent manner than in women of group 1 (p<0.05), especially inflammatory diseases of the cervix – almost twice as likely as in group 1. The vaginal microbial examination of women with infertility who were hospitalized for surgical treatment in an urgent manner indicates a significant imbalance between the parameters of contamination of the genital tract by conditionally pathogenic and normal microflora. This, above all, was manifested by the high frequency of determination in women of the 2nd group of representatives of optional aerobes and anaerobes (p<0.05). The concentration of facultative-aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms was in patients of the 2nd group, mostly of high degree of microbial dissemination, and in women of the 1 group, medium and low. STIs were found mainly in association with anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms in patients who were operated in an urgent manner. Conclusion. It is necessary to correct the vaginal biotope in women with infertility before surgical treatment – to promptly influence pathogenic microorganisms with antimicrobial agents and restore physiological vaginal microbial vagina. Key words: women, infertility, vaginal microbial, appendages of the uterus, surgical treatment.
Transhumanismo, regulación de las tecnologías reproductivas y dignidad humana
Authors: Lafferriere Jorge-Nicolás
Published: June 2021

Evidenciando su desmesura, el transhumanismo pretende recurrir a las biotecnologías reproductivas con la pretensión de superar las limitaciones biológicas del cuerpo humano, seleccionando las características genéticas de la descendencia (beneficencia procreativa). Con fundamento en el principio de la dignidad humana y el reconocimiento de los derechos fundamentales, en este trabajo se hace una valoración del objetivo enunciado tanto como de los medios propuestos para lograrlo. Sólo una dimensión ontológica de la dignidad, que exige el respeto de la vida humana y la originalidad de su forma de transmisión, ofrece fundamento fuerte para responder a estos desafíos.
Analysis and developmentof financial policy in the oil and gas industry
Authors: Salnikova Kristina
Published: June 2021

The problem of choosing a financial policy for the organization's activities is relevant due to the need for decision-making in market conditions. Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that the company's finances always have a monetary form, have a distribution character and are reflected in the form of income and savings of various economic entities, including the state. Any business activity needs to develop an effective financial policy, due to which the successful operation of the enterprise is carried out, the competitiveness of the company in the market is ensured. In the article, the goal is to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the company's improved financial policy on the example of LUKOIL. In order to achieve this goal, the author solved a number of problems: the analysis of the financial condition was carried out; the current financial policy of the Corporation was evaluated; the efficiency of the new financial policy of the Corporation was developed and evaluated. The result of the work is to identify the purpose of introducing an effective financial policy of LUKOIL – creating new value, ensuring high profitability, providing high income to shareholders by increasing the value of assets of LUKOIL, as well as paying cash dividends. The prospect of further development of the company's financial activities should include: the creation of new fields, intensification of production at existing fields, using the latest technologies and increasing the volume of production drilling, as well as the number of well operations aimed at increasing oil recovery. The research methodology is based on a set of theoretical and empirical research methods: description, comparison, analysis and synthesis of the source material with the final generalization of the results and making a single judgment. The scope of the research results is related to the subsequent formation of proposals and recommendations for the development of organizational, legal, methodological, technical, technological, economic and other management measures in the oil and gas industry.
Confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores da aplicação da Escala Motora Infantil de Alberta (EMIA) em ambulatório de seguimento de recém-nascidos de risco
Authors: Ramalho Olivia , Sanada Luciana Sayuri , Menegol Natália Alves , Pacheco Sheila Cristina da Silva , Sonza Anelise , Montemezzo Dayane
Published: June 2021

RESUMO A prematuridade é fator de risco para atraso do desenvolvimento motor, e recomenda-se o acompanhamento desses lactentes nos primeiros dois anos de vida. Verificar a confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores da Escala Motora Infantil de Alberta (EMIA) em ambulatório de seguimento de recém-nascidos de risco de uma maternidade pública. Estudo prospectivo realizado em ambulatório de seguimento de recém-nascidos de risco. As avaliações do desenvolvimento motor foram realizadas por meio da EMIA, por dois avaliadores previamente treinados. O Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (CCI) foi utilizado para análise das confiabilidades. Para a comparação entre as avaliações intraexaminadores foi realizado o Teste T pareado ou Teste de Wilcoxon. O Teste T independente foi utilizado para comparar as avaliações interexaminadores. A correlação entre as variáveis foi analisada a partir do Teste de Pearson ou Spearman. Para avaliar a concordância entre os escores foi realizada análise de Bland Altman. Foram avaliados 31 recém-nascidos pré-termo (RNPT) com idade corrigida média de 8,47 ± 4,49. Não houve diferença significativa entre as avaliações intraexaminadores e interexaminadores. Os valores de CCI se mantiveram acima de 0,88 para a confiabilidade intraexaminadores e interexaminadores. Os escores apresentaram alta concordância, analisada por meio do teste de Bland Altman. EMIA apresentou adequada confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores para avaliação e acompanhamento de RNPT até 18 meses em ambulatório de seguimento de lactentes de risco.
Knee and ankle disorders during functional gait in mucopolysaccharidosis type VI
Authors: Figueirêdo Bárbara Bernardo , Magalhães Paulo , Azevedo Breno , Cavalcanti Maria Lucila , Melo Maria Emília , Vasconcelos Cinthia
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT To evaluate knee and ankle disorders during functional gait assessment in individuals with Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS VI). 19 subjects were included in this cross-sectional study and allocated in three groups according to age: Children Group (n=11); Adolescent Group (n=4); and Adult Group (n=4). Subphases of one gait cycle were analyzed: Initial contact; Medium support, and Pre-Balance. All volunteers with MPS VI presented greater knee and ankle flexion angles, in all gait subphases, when compared to the normal values defined by literature (p<0.05). Initial contact subphase: knee flexion angle ranging from 8.5º to 15º; Ankle = Child Group −23.73º ± 8.53º; Adolescent Group = −25º ± 11.22º; Adult Group = −27.75º ± 3.3º. Medium support subphase: Knee = Child Group 19.64º ± 10.47º; Adolescent Group 16.75º ± 10.34º; Adult Group = 21.25º ± 12.84º. Ankle = Child Group −18.82º ± 8.91º ± 8.53º; Adolescent Group = −16.5º ± 9.33º; Adult Group = −22.25º ± 4.19º. Pre-Balance subphase: Knee = Child Group 22.72º ± 13.49º; Adolescent Group 21.25º ± 7.97º; Adult Group = 27º ± 16.27º. Ankle = Child Group -15º ± 9.76º; Adolescent Group = −15.75º ± 5.31º; Adult Group = −14.75º ± 3.86º. In this study, MPS VI individuals presented hyperflexion of knee and ankle as the main joint disorders during functional gait, regardless of age.
Basic principles of relational, dialogical and collaborative research
Authors: Souza Rita de Cássia de
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este artigo, baseando-se na perspectiva construcionista social, visa apresentar uma possibilidade metodológica para pesquisas fundamentadas em princípios relacionais, de colaboração e diálogo. O texto apresenta as bases teóricas desta perspectiva e suas influências na realização de uma pesquisa científica. Uma pesquisa relacional, que também pode ser definida como dialógica ou colaborativa, tem como centro de suas preocupações as relações entre as pessoas, o diálogo e o trabalho colaborativo. Embora seus princípios possam ser úteis para vários tipos de investigações, tendemos a considerar que dizem muito mais respeito a pesquisas que envolvem seres humanos, especialmente no âmbito das Ciências Sociais e Humanas. Teoricamente, essas pesquisas se fundamentam em perspectivas chamadas pós-modernas, que tem por características a crítica aos fundamentos da Ciência Moderna e também os estudos construcionistas sociais que partem do princípio de que qualquer conhecimento é construído socialmente. Essas pesquisas não trazem propostas metodológicas pré-definidas e estabelecidas, pelo contrário, convidam os pesquisadores a se abrirem a novos diálogos com seus sujeitos de pesquisa, convidando-os a tornarem-se co-construtores da investigação, criando espaços de inclusão e diversidade dentro dos estudos científicos.
A publicidade oficial do Enem representada nas mídias: um olhar para o exame como dispositivo educacional
Authors: Rocha Paula Del Ponte , Ferreira Maira
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este artigo analisa o Enem e sua representação na publicidade, em prol de sua visibilidade e credibilidade como política nacional de avaliação de acesso ao ensino superior. Olhar o Enem como dispositivo é entendê-lo no jogo de relações de poder, anunciado como indicativo de igualdade de oportunidades que produz sujeitos. A pesquisa considera a centralidade da cultura e o papel constitutivo dos discursos que produzem significados sobre o Enem. Analisamos vídeos publicitários produzidos, de 2009 a 2018, pelo governo, veiculados em TV aberta e na Plataforma Geekie Games Enem. A pesquisa apontou que tais produções procuram “vender” uma oportunidade de futuro melhor, ao alcance de todos que o merecerem, reforçando o discurso político e educacional que mobiliza (e paralisa) as instituições.
Enem’s official advertising represented in media: a look at the exam as an educational device
Authors: Rocha Paula Del Ponte , Ferreira Maira
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este artigo analisa o Enem e sua representação na publicidade, em prol de sua visibilidade e credibilidade como política nacional de avaliação de acesso ao ensino superior. Olhar o Enem como dispositivo é entendê-lo no jogo de relações de poder, anunciado como indicativo de igualdade de oportunidades que produz sujeitos. A pesquisa considera a centralidade da cultura e o papel constitutivo dos discursos que produzem significados sobre o Enem. Analisamos vídeos publicitários produzidos, de 2009 a 2018, pelo governo, veiculados em TV aberta e na Plataforma Geekie Games Enem. A pesquisa apontou que tais produções procuram “vender” uma oportunidade de futuro melhor, ao alcance de todos que o merecerem, reforçando o discurso político e educacional que mobiliza (e paralisa) as instituições.
Avaliação: um Impasse na Educação Médica
Authors: Souza Maria Paula Garcia de , Rangel Mary
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Esta pesquisa foi delineada com o intuito de aprofundar as reflexões que vêm sendo desenvolvidas acerca da necessidade de transformação das práticas exigentes no cursos médicos, com especial enfoque no que se refere às práticas avaliativas. A fundamentação inclui concepções sobre processo de ensino, aprendizagem, avaliação e a teoria de representação social. Observando-se esses fundamentos, foram desenvolvidas entrevistas com professores e alunos da Faculdade de Medicina de Petrópolis, procurando-se identificar conceitos e possíveis transformações nas formas de avaliação e levantar questões que pudessem contribuir para a construção de novos caminhos para as práticas avaliativas.
“ÉTUDE SUR L’HUMOUR”: CHARLES LAMB NA BIBLIOTECA DE MACHADO DE ASSIS
Authors: MONTEIRO DANIEL LAGO
Published: June 2021

Resumo O presente artigo se propõe a investigar a edição francesa de Charles Lamb, Essais Choisis, que Machado de Assis possuía em sua biblioteca. Esta edição foi publicada em 1880, no mesmo ano em que Machado inicia as Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas na Revista Brasileira, e contava com um extenso aparato crítico, “Étude sur L’humour”, no qual o tradutor, Louis Dépret, investiga as bases filosóficas e literárias do humor inglês e da obra de Lamb. Assim, neste artigo, faremos uma análise filosófica e filológica dos termos associados ao humor discutidos no prefácio de Dépret, por meio do qual esperamos aprofundar o conhecimento que Machado possuía do humorismo e ensaísmo de Lamb.
Problematizando los comunes urbanos: hacia una aproximación “provincializada”
Authors: Cámara-Menoyo Carlos , Ribera-Fumaz Ramon , Elias Pep Vivas i
Published: June 2021

Resumen El discurso de los bienes comunes ha impregnado todas las facetas de la acción humana, como las ciudades, dando pie al nacimiento de comunes de todo tipo, como los urbanos. A pesar de su popularidad, los comunes urbanos siguen siendo un concepto sugerente y a la vez resbaladizo. Con el objetivo de contribuir a su comprensión y la de su potencial transformador, realizaremos un recorrido panorámico del tratamiento recibido desde la academia para confrontar las diferentes conceptualizaciones teóricas, tanto abstractas como concretas. Contrastando ambas aproximaciones, identificamos las potencialidades y límites de éstas para luego proponer una aproximación centrada en las prácticas realmente existentes; el proceso de comunalización; y el contexto en el que se producen. En particular, en un campo de estudio ampliamente dominado por enfoques y casos del norte global, el articulo aboga por “provincializar” los comunes urbanos a través de análisis situados en el sur global y, en especial, América Latina.
Violence in Public Transport: An Analysis of Resilience and Vulnerability in the City of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Cardoso Marcus Hugo Sant'Anna , Santos Tálita Floriano , Silva Marcelino Aurélio Vieira da
Published: June 2021

Abstract Indicators of violence involving public transportation have reached alarming levels in most Brazilian states, hampering mobility. This article aims to identify the level of vulnerability and resilience of public transportation in 21 administrative regions of the city of Rio de Janeiro, in light of criminal occurrences. Variables related to population, employment, intervening opportunities, travel time, criminal occurrences associated with public transportation and police coverage of each evaluated region were used. The results indicated that the five most vulnerable regions are Campo Grande, Méier, Barra da Tijuca, Rio Comprido and Irajá, and the most resilient are Lagoa, Copacabana, Botafogo, Vila Isabel and Tijuca. The contribution of this work is the proposal to analyze the level of vulnerability and resilience based on public security data, with emphasis on the spatial dependence relation among the regions.
Gamma-oryzanol reduces renal inflammation and oxidative stress by modulating AGEs/RAGE axis in animals submitted to high sugar-fat diet
Authors: Francisqueti-Ferron Fabiane Valentini , Ferron Artur Junio Togneri , Altomare Alessandra , Garcia Jéssica Leite , Moreto Fernando , Ferreira Ana Lúcia A. , Minatel Igor Otávio , Aldini Giancarlo , Corrêa Camila Renata
Published: June 2021

Abstract Introduction: The receptor for AGEs (RAGE) is a multiligand member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface receptors expressed in many organs, among them, the kidneys. When activated, RAGE leads to a sequence of signaling that results in inflammation and oxidative stress, both involved in kidney disease pathogenesis. Gamma-oryzanol (γOz) comprises a mixture of ferulic acid (FA) esters and phytosterols (sterols and triterpene alcohols) mainly found in rice, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Aim: To evaluate the effect of γOz to reduce renal inflammation and oxidative stress by modulating AGEs/RAGE axis in animals submitted to a high sugar-fat diet. Methods: Male Wistar rats (±187g) were randomly divided into two experimental groups: control (n = 7 animals) and high sugar-fat diet (HSF, n = 14 animals) for 20 weeks. After this period, when the presence of renal disease risk factors was detected in the HSF group (insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, increased systolic blood pressure and obesity), the HSF animals were divided to begin the treatment with γOz or continue receiving only HSF for 10 more weeks. Results: No effect of γOz on obesity and metabolic parameters was observed. However, kidney inflammation and oxidative stress decreased as soon as RAGE levels were reduced in HSF + γOz. Conclusion: It is possible to conclude that the gamma- oryzanol was effective in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the kidney by modulating the AGEs/RAGE axis.
A análise de discursos comparativa no Brasil: uma reflexão a partir da noção de categoria
Authors: Sardá Daniela Nienkötter
Published: June 2021

RESUMO A análise de discursos comparativa surgiu na França, mais precisamente no laboratório CEDISCOR, da Universidade Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, por volta dos anos 2000. Atualmente, ela vem sendo implementada no Brasil no âmbito do grupo Diálogo (CNPq/USP). O objetivo do artigo é refletir sobre as possibilidades teóricas e metodológicas implicadas na prática da análise de discursos comparativa no Brasil, de inspiração bakhtiniana. Para tanto, partimos de uma reflexão teórica sobre a noção de categoria (de análise). Investigamos, por um lado, como a noção de categoria esteve presente já na criação do CEDISCOR e da análise de discursos comparativa na França, quando buscava-se determinar “categorias comparáveis” e, por outro lado, mostramos como a criação de uma ciência por Bakhtin – a metalinguística – parte também de uma revisão da noção de categoria linguística, o que tem implicações na maneira como a análise de discursos comparativa de inspiração bakhtiniana pode ser praticada no Brasil.
Seguindo os caminhos de Bakhtin…
Authors: Kofman Andrei
Published: June 2021

RESUMO O artigo dedica-se a demonstrar como algumas teses do livro de Bakhtin sobre Dostoiévski permitem um autodesenvolvimento, ao darem espaço para interpretações complementares. No artigo, são analisados dois pares de oposições básicas que perpassam o romance de Dostoiévski Crime e castigo. Juntamente com o espaço “limiar”, uma descoberta brilhante de Bakhtin, observa-se no romance a oposição entre o modelo do espaço fechado e o modelo do espaço aberto. O primeiro está associado à morte, ao inferno, de onde não há saída, à consciência cega; o segundo, à ressurreição, ao arrependimento, à clarividência e à transfiguração espiritual. Em termos de sentido, essa segunda oposição corresponde à expressa pelos leitmotivs simbólicos do “calor”, do “fedor”, do “sufocamento”, em oposição aos leitmotivs do “ar”, da “água”, da “chuva”. A decifração dessas oposições leva-nos a concluir que no romance está reconstituída a história evangélica da ressurreição de Lázaro, e o próprio romance é, quanto ao gênero, uma paráfrase artística.
Problemas da poética de Dostoiévski: a recepção brasileira
Authors: Brait Beth
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Este artigo dá continuidade às reflexões desenvolvidas no projeto/CNPq Discursos de resistência: tradição e ruptura, em sua vertente dedicada à recepção de Bakhtin e o Círculo no Brasil. As traduções, consideradas fonte indiscutível dessa recepção, são observadas a partir dos paratextos, ou mais especificamente, de seus textos-moldura, como os denominamos, que as compõem desde o final da década de 1970. A autoria desses textos-moldura ajuda a traçar um significativo panorama das faces brasileiras da perspectiva dialógica, advinda de Bakhtin e o Círculo, em seus diferentes momentos. Neste trabalho, o objetivo é focalizar as cinco edições (tradução e re-traduções) de Problemas da poética de Dostoiévski (1981, 1997, 2002, 2008 e 2010), todas feitas por Paulo Bezerra, diretamente do russo. Os textos-moldura que as acompanham, também assinados pelo tradutor, apresentam e aprofundam as qualidades do autor traduzido e de sua obra, desenhando a construção sistemática e institucional do pensamento bakhtiniano no Brasil, realizada por pesquisadores que, além da necessária escuta internacional, vão construindo um caminho com especificidades brasileiras.
Seed characterization of Allamanda puberula A. DC. and seedling production
Authors: Bonfim Rosana Sousa , Lopes Poliana Moreira , Araújo Samuel Gonçalves de , Furtado Marília das Dores Genovez , Souza Rafaela Ribeiro de , Beckman-Cavalcante Márkilla Zunete
Published: June 2021

Abstract Allamanda puberula is a native species of the Caatinga biome with ornamental and landscaping potential. However, its potential is little explored due to the lack of information about the biology of its seeds and propagation. In this context, a study was carried out in order to characterize the seeds and their potential to produce seedlings in different containers. The experiments were divided into two phases. The first consisted in the characterization of fruits and seeds by evaluating the number of seeds per fruit, their dimensions (length and width), the weight of a thousand seeds, the number of seeds kg-¹, the degree of moisture, germination and emergence. The second phase consisted in the production of seedlings in a nursery, evaluating the growth over the days after sowing (DAS) (15, 30, 45 and 60 DAS) and the effect of the type of container (trays and tubes) for the formation of the seedlings. The species A. puberula has small seeds and a significant number of seeds per fruit. Apparently, there is no physical impediment or type of dormancy that impairs the germination process of the seeds. Seedlings grown in tubes were better in terms of growth and allocation of biomass. However, the indication of the best cultivation container for A. puberula propagated via seeds will depend on the implantation project and the specific characteristics of the field. The characterization of A. puberula seeds showed satisfactory physiological potential for germination and complete seedling formation in the nursery, enabling success in obtaining seedlings through seminiferous propagation.
A poesia do testemunho e o testemunho da poesia em Primo Levi e Varlam Chalámov
Authors: Paula Marcelo Ferraz de
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este ensaio visa compartilhar algumas reflexões sobre o binômio poesia e catástrofe, tecidas a partir da leitura de passagens das obras testemunhais de Primo Levi e Varlam Chalámov. Coloca-se em questão quais os (não) sentidos possíveis para a criação artística em contextos de violência extrema, como os Campos de Concentração nazistas e os Gulags soviéticos onde, respectivamente, estiveram presos os dois autores.
Variation of The Leaf Area Index of Some Vegetables Commonly Grown in Greenhouse Conditions with Cultural Practices
Authors: KARACA Cihan , BÜYÜKTAŞ Dursun
Published: June 2021

Leaf area index (LAI) values in plants affect photosynthesis and carbohydrate production directly since it is a measure of photosynthetically active area and the area where transpiration occurs. Leaf area index is an important parameter required to determine plant water consumption by using climatic data and it is especially used in the calculation of aerodynamic resistance. Leaf area index vary depending on plant varieties and cultural practices and can be determined directly and indirectly by various methods. In this study, it was aimed to determine the LAI of four different crops (tomato, eggplant, cucumber and pepper) grown in Antalya, where greenhouse cultivation is intensive, depending on the cultural practices. The results showed that LAI was significantly affected by cultural practices such as leaf pruning and climatic differences. Leaf area index obtained from this study can be used to determine the crop evapotranspiration and aerodynamic resistance of four different plants grown under similar conditions.
Effects of Prohexadione-Calcium on ‘Monroe/GF 677’ Peach Vegetative Shoot Growth, Fruit Yield and Quality
Authors: ÇETİNBAŞ Melike , SARISU Hasan Cumhur , BUTAR Sinan
Published: June 2021

Prohexadione-calcium (Pro-Ca) is a recently developed plant growth retardant used in some fruit trees. However, it is important that the reduction of vegetative shoot growth dose not decrease yield and fruit quality. In this study, the effects of Pro-Ca applications on the vegetative growth and some fruit quality of the Monroe peach, growing on vigor rootstock (GF 677) were investigated. For this reason, trees were sprayed twice with 0 (water + surfactant), 62.5, 125, 250 g 100 L-1 water Pro-Ca in the annual shoots reached 5 cm within a three week interval in the spring of 2018 and 2019 years. Shoot length was decreased by 28-32% for shoots treated with Pro-Ca. The average internode length were significantly reduced for Pro-Ca-treated shoots. The lowest average internode length on the shoot was obtained with 125 and 250 g 100 L-1. The effects on fruit quality were positive in this study. Application of Pro-Ca (125 and 250 g 100 L-1) increased the fruit size and fruit mass of cv. Monroe’ peach. 250 g 100 L-1 Pro-Ca concentration led to firmer fruit relative to the other applications and control fruits. Two application 125 or 250 g 100 L-1 Pro-Ca applications were found more effective considering the criteria investigated. The Pro-Ca applications were found to be effective in controlling the vegetative shoot growth and fruit quality in cv. Monroe/GF-677 peach.
Bâbil Hukuk Kuralları ve Yahudilik
Authors: KELEŞ Hakan
Published: June 2021

Babil, Mezopotamya bölgesinde kurulmuş en önemli şehirlerden biridir. Günümüze kadar ulaşmış Babil kalıntıları o dönemin kültürü, sosyal yapısı ve dini inanışları hakkında bize çeşitli bilgiler vermektedir. Bunlardan en önemlisi Babil’in yazılı hukuk kurallarından olan Hammurabi kanunlarıdır. Başta Hammurabi kanunları olmak üzere Babil kültürü ve medeniyeti onunla aynı bölgede kurulmuş diğer devlet ve milletlerin inanç, kültür, medeniyet ve sosyal kurallarını etkilemiştir. Bu etki en iyi Yahudi hukukunda görülmektedir. Babil’deki Hârut ve Mârut anlatısı üzerinden Yahudilerin etkilenmesi söz konusu olmuştur. Yahudilikteki bazı kuralların Babil hukuk kurallarında da görülmesi bu etkinin ne derece olduğunu göstermesi bakımından önemlidir. Yahudilikteki kadın figürü ve Babil hukukundaki kadın algısı örtüşmektedir. Hammurabi kanunlarında kadının sosyal statüsü hakkında açıklamalar dikkat çekerken Yahudi hukukunda kadının daha çok din üzerinden bir tasviri söz konusudur. Fakat Hammurabi kanunlarında kadının savaş esnasında esir düşmesi ve cariyeliği konusu özellikle kadının boşanması, zina etmesi, mirası konuları benzer hatta daha kapsamlı şeklide Yahudilikte de yer almaktadır.
Hayati Ahmed Efendi’nin Risâletu’l-İrâdeti’l-Cüz’iyye Adlı Risalesinin Tahlil, Tahkik ve Tercümesi
Authors: BORSBUĞA Mustafa , BORSBUĞA Coşkun
Published: June 2021

Çalışma, Hayâtî Ahmed Efendi’nin (ö. 1229/1814) Risâletu’l-irâdeti’l-cüzʾîye adlı risâlesinin muhtevasını değerlendirmeyi hedeflediği gibi risâlenin özgün ve literatüre katkı sağlayıcı taraflarına dikkat çekecektir. Ayrıca risâlenin tahkik ve tercümesi de yapılmak suretiyle risâle literatüre kazandırılacaktır. Osmanlı ilim çevresinden irâde-i cüzʾiyye hakkında muhtelif nitelikte bir yazım halkasının neşvünema bulduğu ve geliştiği malûmdur. İşte çalışmamıza konu olan bu risâle söz konusu yazım halkasından bir nüve konumundadır. İnsan fiilleri hakkındaki görüşleri temellendirmeye yönelik olan muhtasar hüviyetteki bu risâlenin, yoğun tartışma noktalarına girmeden konuyu derlemeye çalıştığı görülmektedir. Risâlenin genel anlamda konuyu anlaşılır kılma ve konu hakkındaki yaklaşımları belirlemeyi hedeflediği söylenebilir.
Meşrutiyet Dönemi Aydınlarında İslamcılık Tartışmaları
Authors: YALÇİ Abdurrahman
Published: June 2021

Batı’nın yaşadığı düşünsel serüven ve buna bağlı olarak geniş bir yelpazede gerçekleşen dönüşümlerin tüm dünyayı etkilediği, Batı dışı toplumların bu dönüşüm karşısında farklı süreçler yaşadıkları bilinmektedir. Osmanlı’da refleksif düşüncenin ortaya çıkmasına yol açan bu durum, hem iç hem de dış dinamiklerin etkisiyle XIX. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru çeşitli fikir akımlarının ortaya çıkışına neden olur. Çöküşe doğru giden Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda fikir dünyası keskin bir dönemece girer ve Batı’da son yüzyıllarda yaşanan değişimlerle elde edilen fikirler, Osmanlı aydınları üzerinde etkili olmaya başlar. Artık sadece Batı’nın teknik ya da askeri yönünün değil, kültürel öğelerin de konuşulduğu bu ortamda toplumun sahip olduğu tüm değerler tartışmaya açılır. Sosyalizmden adem-i merkeziyetçiliğe, materyalizmden pozitivizme, milliyetçilikten İslamcılığa kadar birçok düşünce aydınlar arasında yayılır ve ortak çaba olarak yerel dinamiklerden evrensel değerler oluşturulmaya çalışılır. Bu çalkantılı dönemin, aydınların düşün dünyasını yoğun bir şekilde etkilediği görülmektedir. XIX. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru ortaya çıkan siyasal düşünce akımlarından günümüze etkileriyle süreğen olan Batıcılık, İslamcılık ve Milliyetçilik diğerleri arasından ön plana çıkmaktadır. Aydınlar tarafından siyasi olmanın yanında sosyolojik bir perspektif olarak da benimsenen bu akımlar, süreç içerisinde zaman zaman hakim paradigma olarak kabul görmekle beraber muhalif kimlikleriyle de ön plana çıkabilmektedir.
Bu çalışmada; Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Said Halim Paşa, Filibeli Ahmet Hilmi üzerinden İslamcılık akımının sosyal değişimde başat bir unsur olarak gördüğü dinin konumu yansıtılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Ayrıca Ziya Gökalp ve Abdullah Cevdet’in görüşleri de eleştirel bir perspektif sağlaması amacıyla ele alınmaktadır.
Mustafa Lutfî El-Menfelûtî’nin En-Nazarât Adlı Eserinde Teşbih-i Temsil Kullanımı
Authors: BOSTANCI Ahmet , KESKİN Hale Sultan
Published: June 2021

Teşbihin belâgat açısından önemli bir yeri vardır. Teşbih, bir şeyi aralarındaki ortak özellikten dolayı bir edat aracılığıyla başka bir şeye benzetmek anlamına gelmektedir. Teşbih özellikle de edebiyatçıların duygu ve düşüncelerini ifade etmesinde önemli bir misyona sahiptir. Teşbihin müşebbeh (benzeyen), müşebbeh bih (benzetilen), vechü’ş-şebeh (benzeme yönü), edâtü’t teşbih (teşbih edatı) olmak üzere dört unsuru vardır. Bunun yanı sıra teşbihin birden fazla çeşidi vardır. Bunlardan birisi de teşbih-i temsildir. Teşbih-i temsilde diğer teşbih çeşitlerinden farklı olarak durumun duruma benzetilmesi söz konusudur. Benzetme yönü ise birden fazla unsurdan meydana gelmektedir ve bir şekilden oluşmaktadır. Bu makalemizde Mısır’ın önde gelen yazarlarından Mustafa Lutfî el-Menfelûtî’nin (1876-1974) en-Nazarât adlı eserindeki teşbih-i temsil örneklerini inceleyeceğiz. Bu örnekleri benzeyen, benzetilen, teşbih edatı ve benzetme yönü bakımından inceleyip, Menfelûtî’nin teşbih-i temsilleri hangi amaçlar için kullandığını tespit etmeye çalışacağız.
Aruza Dair Didaktik Bir Manzûme: Yusuf en-Nebhânî’nin Medh-i Nebîsi
Authors: ŞEN Ahmet
Published: June 2021

İlk örneklerine eski Yunan ve Hint’te rastlanan didaktik şiir, Arap Edebiyatında eş-şi‘ru’t-ta‘lîmî olarak karşılık bulur. Erken dönem görülen recez ve urcûze türü, didaktik şiirin Arap edebiyatındaki ilk tezâhürü olarak değerlendirilir. Didaktik şiir dendiğinde Arap edebiyatında ilk olarak akla elfiyyeler gelir. ‘Aruz ve kafiye ilmine dair didaktik şiir tarzında birçok eser verildiği söylenebilir. Filistin’in kuzeyindeki Hayfa’da 1265/1849 yı‎lı‎nda dünyaya gelen Yûsuf b. İsmâ‘îl en-Nebhânî, eğitim için bulunduğu Mısır’daki el-Ezher Üniversitesi’nde birçok ünlü düşünürle tanışmıştır. Sultan Abdulhamid’le yakın bir ilişki içerisinde olan en-Nebhânî, devletin çeşitli yargı organlarında görevler üstlenmekle beraber el-Cevâib gazetesinde editörlük de yapmıştır. İslâmî ilimlerin çeşitli dallarında birçok eser veren müellifin Nazmu evzânu’l-buhûr fi medhi’r-Rasûl isimli eseri on altı ‘aruz bahriyle Hz. Peygamber (sav)’e dair methiyeler dizdiği oldukça küçük hacimli didaktik tarzda bir eseridir. Eserde her bir bahir, iki beyitlik methiye örneğiyle zikredilmiştir. ‘Arûz bahirlerini öğrenmek isteyenlere ezber tekniğiyle kolayca akılda tutabilme imkânı sunan eserde sade bir dille birlikte bazı edebî sanatlara da yer verilmiştir.