bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Concept of Operations for an autonomous tram system
Authors: Laarni Jari , Väätänen Antti
Published: February 2023

Public transportation is becoming smart and autonomous. Also trams and
their operation environments are becoming autonomous, and it has been
envisioned that in the near future trams could drive among other traffic in
all conditions and circumstances. On the other hand, there are several
challenges in the development of autonomous tram systems, since trams are
operating in urban environments where high demands are set for sensors and
sensor networks aiming at reliable detection of pedestrians and other
vehicles. We are developing ‘The SmartRail ecosystem’ setting, which
promotes transition from traditional engineering and manufacturing towards
more advanced service and business ecosystem enabling a smart autonomous
tram and integrated digital services for its whole life-cycle. The paper
will present the development of a Concept of Operations (ConOps) for
autonomous smart trams to demonstrate how they can be applied and utilized
in public transportation in the future. The proposed ConOps can be
considered as a boundary object in the design, validation or procurement of
autonomous trams. We also propose that the ConOps should be maintained
throughout the system life-cycle as an overview description and definition
of overall goals and policies.A ConOps is a high-level description of how
the elements of a system and entities in its environment interact in order
to achieve their stated goals. The ConOps for an autonomous tram system will
include, among others, the following information: overall goals and
constraints of the SmartRail system, overall environmental characteristics,
other stakeholders, main system elements and functions, operational states
and scenarios, high-level performance requirements, system advantages and
disadvantages, and human-autonomy teaming concept. Four different
operational states will be considered: 1) starting a morning shift at the
tram garage; 2) approaching a pedestrian crossing; 3) approaching and
passing a tram stop; and 4) crossing other vehicles. The effect of seasonal
conditions and weather events are also considered. A ConOps diagram has been
drawn to illustrate how different stakeholders and the operating environment
interact, and what kind of information is shared between different
stakeholders.A special attention will be paid on the development of
human-autonomy teaming concept for smart autonomous tram systems. A typical
autonomous framework is based on a cross-tabulation of a scale of level of
automation with stages of human information processing for a set of
operational situations. We propose flexible automation solution in which the
control function can be flexibly allocated to the automation or to the human
operator at different phases of a tram route.Various knowledge elicitation
techniques were used to gather relevant information for the ConOps: The
development of the ConOps is based on a literature review, semi-structured
interviews of tram drivers and trainers, and group interviews of experts
working on research and development of autonomous road vehicles.
How to support and integrate operators in CPPS: Insights from competency
modelling for adapt and exchange scenarios
Authors: Miesen Felix , Urbas Leon , Narciss Susanne
Published: February 2023

Cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) with its high automation and
digitalization levels are capable of executing most tasks automatically.
Further, their architecture allows for system changes in rather short times
spans. Thus, operators facing these challenging features of CPPS have fewer
chances to consolidate their competencies or to build a proper mental model.
However, operators must be able to step in whenever automation reaches its
limits. For a successful manual intervention, operators need to be
integrated and supported in the best ways possible. This paper presents a
competency model with ten competencies assigned to three clusters for adapt
and exchange scenarios for CPPS in process industry. Approaches for
integrating operators and designing assistance strategies can be derived
from this model. Further, the model itself and the approaches are discussed.
Aesthetics Evaluation Method of Chinese Characters based on Region
Segmentation and Pixel Calculation
Authors: Wang Weigang , Wang Xinyue , Xue ChengQi
Published: February 2023

With the increasing demand for using and the great enrichment of Chinese
fonts, how to quickly evaluate the beauty of fonts has become an important
issue in the current design. However, Chinese characters are difficult to
judge and quantify, and have strong aesthetic subjectivity. At the same
time, the evaluation of Chinese characters is abstract, which is difficult
to meet the application needs of today's rapid font design and
evaluation.Based on the attributes and aesthetic characteristics of Chinese
characters, this paper calculate and verify the beauty of Chinese
characters. According to the traditional Chinese character aesthetic
evaluation index - balance and stability, this paper evaluates the Chinese
character font. First, the Chinese characters are placed in a 600*600 pixel
rectangular box and divided into 25 small 120*120 pixel rectangular boxes to
realize the quintuple segmentation of Chinese characters. Secondly, the
left-right and up-down balance degree, left-right balance degree, stability
degree and their corresponding pixel calculation methods are proposed as the
indicators to evaluate the beauty of modern Chinese characters. According to
the calculation method proposed in this paper, the five Chinese characters
of the two fonts are selected to calculate their left-right balance index,
upper-lower balance index and stability respectively, and calculate the
average value as the beauty of the font. In addition, subjective evaluation
experiments are conducted to verify whether the calculation method can
reflect the user's subjective feelings.In the discussion, the possible
future directions are put forward and given.
Evaluation of Microwave Oven Control Panel Interface Based on Aesthetic
Calculation
Authors: Qiu Yuzhen , Wang Haiyan
Published: February 2023

In the process of human-computer interaction of people using microwave
ovens, the interaction interface is the control panel of the microwave oven.
The aesthetics of the interface layout directly affects the interaction
experience, and also indirectly affect the interaction efficiency. In order
to evaluate the aesthetics of the control panel interface layout, this study
selects six aesthetics indicators from the interface aesthetics calculation:
balance degree, symmetry degree, simplicity degree, economy degree, density
degree, and integrity degree, and then quantifies them respectively by
mathematical methods and uses hierarchical analysis to calculate the weights
of each indicator, using a combination of subjective and objective methods
to explore the quantitative calculation method of aesthetics, while
evaluating the overall interface aesthetics. Finally, I use five different
interface layouts of five microwave ovens as examples to verify the validity
of the above findings in evaluating the aesthetics of the control panel.
Aesthetic Evaluation of Music Apps Interface Based on Aesthetic
Calculation
Authors: Yan Xinran , Xue ChengQi
Published: February 2023

This study selects balance, order, simplicity and proportion for
quantifying to propose a comprehensive aesthetic calculation method for the
layout of interface which verified by the music apps.
Aesthetic Computational Model and Experimental Research Based on Seeking
the Particle of Image Elements
Authors: Liu Caini , Xue ChengQi
Published: February 2023

As an important part of interface design, interface layout has attracted
more attention. Previous researchers used mathematical methods to explore
the relationship between interface layout and user aesthetics in order to
quantify users' subjective feelings. However, the current computational
aesthetic quantification algorithms generalize the interface elements into
rectangular boxes for unified treatment by default. In the interface layout,
graphic elements with different shapes will bring users different levels of
aesthetic attraction. Therefore, simply "dividing" the interface elements
into a series of rectangular blocks for attraction evaluation will affect
the objectivity of the results. This paper proposes a computational model
based on seeking the particle of image pixels and makes a multivariate
linear analysis between the subjective score and the calculated values under
the two computational models to explore whether the improved evaluation
method is more in line with people's perceptual aesthetics. The calculation
method of balance (BM) is taken as an example to verify. In the experiment,
six test images are selected, and the number of image pixels and the
centroid of pixels are counted with the help of Matlab and other software,
which verifies the accuracy and objectivity of the new calculation method to
measure the aesthetic layout of interface elements. The results show that
the fitting effect between the data obtained by the beauty calculation model
based on pixel particles and subjective ratings is better, which is more in
line with the user's subjective preferences. Aesthetic calculation is the
design trend in the future.
The visual beauty of text overlay images of different proportions of
pictures
Authors: Li Yujia
Published: February 2023

Perceived visual aesthetics is of great significance for the design of
human-computer interaction interface. There is much research on interface
aesthetics in the academic community. There is evidence that perceived
visual aesthetics has an important impact on user experience and
interaction, and many scholars have put forward the calculation model of
perceived visual aesthetics. This study research the text overlay image.
Compared with the traditional text surround image, the text overlay image
changes the visual perception aesthetics of the image by embedding the text
into the image. Text overlay image is usually superimposed on the image by a
piece of text or several pieces of text, which blocks the background area of
the image and affects the overall interface aesthetics. However, the text
overlay image is applied to various places. In this study, the background
white space calculation model (WBB) based on bounding box is used to
calculate the perceived visual aesthetics. Explore the visual aesthetics of
text overlay images under three proportions: golden section ratio (1:0.618),
root mean square ratio (1:0.707) and integer ratio (1:1). The experiment
uses the calculation model to obtain the proportion of the blank area of the
text covered image in the image background. The subjects' subjective
evaluation of different proportion interfaces is obtained through the Likert
scale. The results of the two are compared to obtain the proportion of the
optimal visual beauty under the text covered image. The results show that: ①
in terms of the image length width ratio, the visual aesthetics of the text
overlay image with the length width ratio of 1:0.618 is better when the text
line spacing is 1 times, and the visual aesthetics of the image with the
length width ratio of 1:0.707 is better when the text line spacing is 1.5
times. When the line spacing is 1 and 1.5 times, the visual aesthetics of
the image with length width ratio of 1:1 is the worst; ② In terms of line
spacing, when the line spacing is the same (1 or 1.5 times the line
spacing), the subjects think that the proportion of the blank area of the
text covered image with high visual aesthetics in the image background is
0.7218-0.9040. When the line spacing is different (1 and 1.5 times the line
spacing), it can be speculated that the visual aesthetics of the text
covered image is closely related to the blank area of the image background,
In order to obtain a text overlay image with high visual aesthetics, we
should consider not only the proportion of the image, but also the blank
area of the image background.
Layout evaluation of interface of TV remote controls based on analytic
hierarchy process
Authors: Li Tong , Qian Tian Meng , Wang Xingsong
Published: February 2023

In order to quantitatively evaluate the beauty of the interface layout
of the TV remote control, six beautification metrics are selected: balance,
symmetry, continuity, cohesion, integrity, simplicity, and regularity, and
quantify them separately. The analytic hierarchy process is introduced to
calculate the weight of each indicator, and a comprehensive beauty
calculation formula method for the layout of interface elements is proposed.
Taking the interface element layout design of several TV remote controllers
sold in T-mall software as an example, the objectivity and accuracy of the
calculation method for evaluating the aesthetic degree of interface element
layout are verified, and the weight of each aesthetic element can be
reflected. The degree of influence of indicators on the comprehensive beauty
of the TV remote control interface design helps guide designers to
understand the importance of each indicator to the TV remote control
interface design, and to improve the interface layout design of such
products.
A comparative study on the layout of interface elements of two types of
Web pages with different uses based on beauty degree calculation
Authors: Yongzhe Huang , Sun Beibei
Published: February 2023

Based on the beauty degree calculation method proposed by Lei Zhou, et
al (2013) including thirteen formulas to calculate the different attributes
of the layout of interface. This paper selects six attributes to study
interface elements aesthetic, such as balance, symmetry, integrity and so
on, and conducting an experiment to verify the calculated results with the
participants subjective evaluation results. In this study, eight different
web pages were selected to evaluate the layout of interface elements,
including four cultural and educational web pages and four shopping web
pages, which can roughly represent the mainstream web design of these two
types of web pages. First of all, the layout of selected interface elements
was calculated by Matlab
software(https://ww2.mathworks.cn/en/products/matlab.html?s_tid=hp_products_matlab).
In the second step, Likert seven-point scale test was used to let the
subjects score the beauty degree of each page. And finally, the two groups
of data were compared to draw a conclusion. According to subject's
evaluation, southeast university library homepage layout got the highest
score of 5.5 points. Compared with the calculation results of beauty, it is
consistent with the calculation results, and has achieved high scores in the
calculation of attributes in balance, integrity, cohesion and proportion
beauty. This shows that for the layout of the subjective evaluation and the
degree of the calculation results are largely consistent with, the
scientific and accuracy of the beauty degree calculation is highly can help
the designers to improve interface configuration and design layout.
User-centred generation of early-concept Mobility-as-a-Service interface
designs aimed at promoting greener travel
Authors: Kim Jisun , Howarth Henrietta , Richardson Joy , Preston John
Published: February 2023

With the increasing focus on sustainable travel, there is a particular
need for easier journey planning that connects people in areas of current
high car dependency with employment and other activities using greener
transport modes. Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS), which may be accessed from a
mobile application (app), allows integration of various transport modes
along with booking and payment functions into a single mobility service.
Careful consideration of a MaaS app interface design is required for it to
encourage active and sustainable travel amongst users. This study applied
the Design with Intent tool with the aim of generating novel MaaS interface
design concepts to support and encourage sustainable journeys in five design
workshops involving 23 participants. Participants used 22 design cards each
showing a design pattern and applied example from another field as
inspiration. They worked in groups to discuss a range of MaaS design ideas
that may encourage more frequent use of public transport and active travel.
General topics discussed within the workshops included design ideas for:
providing relevant information that assists easy and efficient journey
planning and execution relating to the use of sustainable travel; promoting
achievement of goals and pursuit of value; helping habit formation through
positive reinforcement; and enabling personalisation of information to
better suit users’ specific needs in travel. Further work is needed to
determine which of the resulting design ideas could be implemented within a
MaaS app.
The relationship between the performance of the star and the shape of
basketball sneaker and the prediction of the shape design
Authors: Liu Xingjian , Wang Xingsong
Published: February 2023

With the development of the economy and society, the concept of
industrial design has undergone great changes, forming the modern
"human-centered" concept. Therefore, the key research topic is how to
connect products with users and design customized products for users. This
research combines perceptual engineering, analytic hierarchyprocess and
experimental calculations, combined with the famous stars of the American
Basketball Association, to establish a prediction of the feature recognition
and shape design of stars and basketball shoes. Firstly, we use
questionnaires, 40 famous fans select the adjectives that best represent
basketball shoes. Secondly, evaluate the performance of players from mental
and physical dimensions for quantitative analysis; then evaluate the
appearance of 20 pairs of basketball shoes (4 stars and each star selects
the latest 5 generations of basketball shoes) and modeling analysis, to
classify sneakers that match the stars; in SolidWorks CAD, the vector shape
is obtained, and the key modeling parameters are calculated. Finally, a
rough model is established between player performance and shoe modeling in
the modeling index. Qualitative relationship, and when designing the next
generation of star signature shoe styling, the product is quantitatively
estimated to a certain extent and styling is controlled by star design. This
study found that star performance is strongly related to basketball sneaker
shape. And it allows designers to grasp the direction of signature shoe
design in a short time.
An objective aesthetic evaluation method of CNC machine tool based on
aesthetic degree calculation
Authors: Fang Xianzhao , Zhang Jianrun
Published: February 2023

According to the method for beauty degree calculation proposed by Ngo
(2003), beauty degree calculation has been widely used in designing the
shape of various objects and the aesthetics of various interfaces. He
quantified the interface by dividing the interface into 14 indicators such
as balance, symmetry, cohesion, and simplicity to achieve the
objectification of beauty evaluation. This paper mainly studies the
relationship between the interface aesthetic and the CNC machine tool
evaluation by comparing the results of the machine tool's beauty degree
calculation results and the participants' subjective evaluation scores, to
verify the application of the beauty degree calculation on the evaluation of
machine tool design, providing an idea for future machine tool design.
First, 6 classic machine tool schemes were selected, and 8 related
indicators were pre-processed through a questionnaire survey to obtain the 6
participating elements that the participants thought were most relevant to
the appearance evaluation of the machine tool, to avoid subsequent elements
interfering with the subjects' scoring. Then, 4 different types of machine
tool were selected which can mainly represent the mainstream machine tool
design, and the scores of 6 interface elements were calculated by MATLAB
software to obtain the ranking.
(https://www.mathworks.com/products/matlab.html) In the second step, the
questionnaire was used to ask the subjects to rank the beauty of each
machine tool design. Finally, the experimental beauty degree calculation
results are compared with the subjective evaluation result. Compared
subjective questionnaire result with the calculation results, the ranking of
the calculation results is consistent. This shows that the beauty degree
calculation results of the beauty of the machine tool are consistent with
the subjective evaluation. The application of the beauty degree calculation
in the evaluation of the CNC machine tool design scheme is scientific and
accurate, which can realize the objective evaluation of the appearance of
the machine tool and help the designers to improve the design scheme and
design layout.
Metavethics: Ethical, integrity and social implications of the metaverse
Authors: Zallio Matteo , John Clarkson P
Published: February 2023

This article outlines some of the major ethical and social questions
raised by the birth and growth of digital, virtual environments and the
metaverse. The metaverse, also known as a virtual digital space, is rapidly
taking shape and forecasts from various analysts predict that this
technology is going to generate a vast number of disruptive changes that can
impact the privacy, safety and social sphere of human beings, giving rise to
new ethical challenges and opportunities which need to be addressed. As a
pioneering work, this article examines via a semantical approach the
etymology and evolution of the term ethics across different domains and also
the term metaverse and enquires into how ethical questions, principles and
approaches can influence the design and development of a good metaverse.
This article emphasises the relevance of the sociological, anthropological
and philosophical dimensions of the ethical discipline in relation to
digital, virtual environments and the metaverse. Metavethics, a new field of
study and domain of expertise, approaches the scientific and the broader,
technology-oriented communities with new questions and inspiring
opportunities for the creation of digital, virtual environments that are
framed within the context of acknowledging positive ethical implications for
human beings. This article aims to create a foundation upon which new
knowledge can be built and create a conversation around a complex and
fundamental concept of the ethics of human behaviour and the metaverse.
Evaluation Planning for Artificial Intelligence-based Industry 6.0
Metaverse Integration
Authors: heilala Janne , Singh Khushboo
Published: February 2023

The article presents an image of Industry 6.0 (I6.0) metaverse
integration based on an extensive study of selective literature. The Key
Enabling Technologies (KETs) developed from industry 1.0, which showcased
steam engines, to the information age 4.0, which includes Automation and
Robotics (AR) and Additive Manufacturing (AM), are briefly discussed. The
aim is to know how manufacturing practically links to the connection between
business partners' core competence, the Global Supply Chain (GSC) pattern,
and how Human Systems Integrate (HSI). The level of I5.0 requires highly
developed systems, and manufacturing robots must consider Human Factors
(HFs) for safety reasons. In addition, the design office must also consider
human health and safety. HSI requires these Robot Factors (RFs) for humans
to work in the manufacturing environment without being restricted. This work
investigates how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be transferred to a robot
in practice by creating a test setup for sharing human behavior with high
sampling frequency devices. Developing models that can promote the future of
cognitive Augmented Reality (AR) will increase the immersion of initial
steps of the metaverse in the new generation internet. In the proposed
clinical test setup program, we deal with the procedures related to the
model's production from a meta-level with a futuristic vision to long-term
progress in this field of research. The relevance and promising potential of
the recent research conducted in this area suggest that the proposed
approach is highly significant in enabling future studies.
The influence of background, layout and color elements on the beauty
index of search engine interface
Authors: Dai Haoyue , Xue ChengQi
Published: February 2023

It is well known that the aesthetics of interface design are often
evaluated in various qualitative or quantitative ways. As a quantitative
index, interface beauty has been widely used in the evaluation of interface
aesthetics. Search engines are the first choice for users to quickly obtain
information. Improving their interface design based on quantitative
evaluation can effectively enhance the aesthetics of the interface design
and enhance the user experience. This paper selects six basic beauty
indicators: sense of order, sense of association, simplicity, sense of
union, intensity and sense of regularity, to evaluate the beauty of the
layout and background elements of the search engine interface, and to study
its impact on the influence of interface beauty. In addition, by introducing
the colour balance index, the influence of background elements of different
levels on the beauty of search engine interface under different colours is
evaluated. The result shows that background pictures can improve the beauty
of interface, and the lower the beauty without background, the higher the
degree of improvement. There is no significant difference in the improvement
of beauty between different backgrounds, indicating that the layout of
elements has a greater impact on the beauty of the interface than the
background image.
Tradition, Desire, Techno-Orientalism and Popularity: Oriental Elements
in the 21st-century Cyberpunk Video Games
Authors: Xu Chengkai , Li Weiting , Zhong Laila , Li Xuewei , Lyu Qingyuan , Guo Yuran , Liu Fang
Published: February 2023

Cyberpunk is one genre with distinctive features, which depicts an
apocalyptic world seeing technology as associated with capitalist oligarchy
with highly solidified social identity and social class (Akşit and Nazlı,
2021). Nowadays, research about cyberpunk video games mainly focuses on the
visual aesthetics of cyberpunk video games (Johnson, 2017). We adopted
content analysis first to identify the oriental visual elements in 6 video
games: Cyberpunk 2077 (CD Projekt RED, 2020) (CP2077), Gamedec (Anshar
Studios, 2021), The Red Strings Club (Deconstructeam, 2018) (TRSC), VA-11
Hall-A: Cyberpunk Bartender Action (Sukeban Games, 2016) (VA-11 Hall-A),
Shadowrun: Hongkong (Harebrained Schemes, 2015) (SRHK), and Tales of the
Neon Sea (Palm Pioneer, 2019) (TNS), then analyze the historical and
ideological reasons of using these elements on behalf of semiotic theory.
This study reveals that using such elements in the 21st-century cyberpunk
video games reinforces the stereotypes of Techno-Orientalism to a certain
degree. However, these elements are mostly decontextualized as a
representation of oriental culture and have no distinct error of oriental
elements used but are mainly used to identify art style, which could be a
helpful strategy for commercial selling.
Visual aesthetic calculation and evaluation model of background pattern
formed by the repeated arrangement of single patterns
Authors: Cui Shuandong , Zhang Yan , Chen Yunfei
Published: February 2023

The background pattern formed by the repeated arrangement of a single
pattern is widely used in modern interface design, textile, and packaging
design. The existing aesthetic evaluation of such images is mostly based on
subjective evaluation. This paper proposes two different calculation models
for the proportion of a single element on a page and the calculation model
for the density of a single pattern arrangement. This paper will design an
experiment to study the influence of the proportion of a single pattern in
the cell and the arrangement density on the page aesthetics of this type of
background pattern. The conclusion of the experiment is as follows: for a
fixed number of cells on the page, when the proportion of a single pattern
area is about 0.5, the page will get the best aesthetic feeling; When the
area proportion of patterns on a page is constant, the page beauty increases
with the increase of pattern density. When the density increases to a
certain value, that is, 5-8 single patterns per 100 pixels in the horizontal
or vertical direction, the page beauty is the highest, and then the page
beauty decreases with the increase of pattern density. This experiment
provides a theoretical basis for the design and evaluation of patterns.
The possibility of generating color scheme based on art works for Web
Design
Authors: Song Yanyan , Chen Yunfei
Published: February 2023

With the rapid development of big data and computing power, the use of
artificial intelligence in the design field is becoming more and more
widespread, and web design is one of the areas that benefit significantly.
And one of the extremely important elements of web design is color, where
the selection and matching of colors has a significant impact on the message
of a web page. However, automatic color design for web pages is challenging,
as it must not only meet aesthetic goals, but also try to ensure emotional
communication. In this paper, we propose a method for extracting web page
color schemes from artworks. Based on the artworks where the emotional tone
has been determined, the main color palette is extracted from them and
applied to the web design to achieve the unity of aesthetics and emotion.
The extracted color combinations were applied in a typical web color design
scenario, followed by the SD semantic difference method in order to explore
users' emotional responses to various color-coordinated web pages and verify
the effectiveness of the method. The results show that it is feasible to
extract color schemes from artworks, but the emotional tone has no direct
relevance.
Evaluation Method of TV Wall Layout Design
Authors: Jiao Haoyu , Zhang Jianrun
Published: February 2023

This paper proposes the design priority of the aesthetic elements of the
TV wall layout through the analysis of concepts of Aesthetics calculation.
Firstly, this paper selected 9 representative TV wall layout design samples
and simplified 7 main indicators among indicators proposed by Ngo through
interviews. Then, the calculation result matrix of the beauty index is
calculated by Matlab, and then the subjective evaluation method is used to
obtain the weight of each beauty index of the subjective evaluation method.
Then, combined with the entropy method, the result is obtained in the
mathematical calculation. According to the subjective evaluation method, the
weights were artificially revised, and finally the weights of the seven
aesthetics indicators for the layout design of the TV wall were obtained,
and the priorities of the aesthetic development were sorted. Finally,
verified the reliability of the mathematical modeling results through the
establishment of a five-point Likert scale method. This paper establishes
the design priority of the elements of TV walls layout and provides some
design guidance for TV walls.
Scenario-based public nebulization equipment prototype design for inhaled
vaccine application
Authors: Sheng Tianyi , Qiu Xiaoli
Published: February 2023

Vaccination is becoming one of the most important epidemic control
measures in the post-pandemic era, and the pandemic has accelerated the
development of various forms of COVID-19 vaccines. The inhaled vaccine has
entered clinical trials as a more convenient form of vaccination. However,
the nebulization equipment used in the experiments was not specifically
designed for the public health care scenario of inhaled vaccine
nebulization. It could not reflect the advantages and characteristics of the
inhaled vaccine. This study is based on the scenario-based design theory to
design practical application solutions for inhaled vaccine nebulization
equipment. Methods: Using a scenario simulation experiment and
semi-structured interviews we identified the behavioral requirements of
medical staff in the inhaled vaccination scenario and invited expert
participants to validate. Results: Based on interview analysis, 20
behavioral requirements and an inhaled vaccine medical staff persona were
identified. Five optimized scenarios were designed according to
scenario-based design theory. Scenarios were evaluated by expert
participants, and the prototype was developed based on feedback. The
prototype design concept focused on "optimizing human-machine interaction",
"improving disposable inhaler design", and "optimizing vaccine reagent
dosing process". Conclusion: The prototype was evaluated by experts to be
effective and reasonable for practical application scenarios of the inhaled
vaccine. Scenario-based design can be a useful tool for innovative product
design in public medical service scenarios.
Optimization of Human Machine Interface Beauty Calculation System
Authors: Yueyue Chi , Chen Yunfei
Published: February 2023

Ngo et al. proposed 13 quantitative indicators to measure interface
beauty in 2003, but the weight of each quantitative indicator was not
determined, and the role of users' subjective emotional factors was not
considered. Based on the calculation system of interface beauty proposed by
Ngo et al., this paper uses factor analysis method to determine the
correlation and weight of various quantitative indicators to simplify the
calculation method of interface beauty, uses the analytic hierarchy process
method to consider the user's subjective emotional factors, and proposes a
new calculation of interface beauty to better guide the interface design
optimization.
The characteristics of fashion magazine layout design style based on
aesthetic measure model
Authors: Zhou Xiaoqin , Chen Yunfei
Published: February 2023

The design style of a magazine is the key to attract readers. At the
same time, the layout design of the magazine is an important factor
affecting the style of the magazine. The purpose of this paper is to study
the style of fashion magazines, combined with mathematical model to
quantitatively analyze the layout of the same style of magazines, and get
the quantitative relationship of relevant parameters, so as to provide
guidance and help for the layout design of fashion magazines.
Design skills learned by non-designers to improve their lives
Authors: Thudichum Vasconcelos Ana
Published: February 2023

In this article, the design competences transferable to Non-Designers
(N-D) are deepened. to this end, the acquisition process of these tools and
their impacts on N-D are analyzed. The article starts with the description
of our vision on design. This contextualization is important for the
identification of the main competences that designers must have. The study
on which skills to select was based on authors who in common have a
practical perspective of design or observation of its praxis. The literature
review allowed reaching a set of fourteen skills, as well as their
hierarchy: Empathy, Collaboration, Critical Thinking, Communication, Problem
Solving, Openness, Experimentalism, Humility, Leadership, Innovation,
Facilitator, Flexibility, Divergency vs. Convercy and Optimism. The
fundamental idea of this paper is to ask N-Ds, with experience working in
co-design teams, about their evolution in the face of these skills, before
and after being exposed to the practice of design. In order not to give rise
to different interpretations on the meaning of each of the
knowledge/competencies, a description was prepared followed by one of the
relevance these competences/competencies have for the discipline of design.
The results of the surveys and interviews allow us to perceive that the N-D,
when exposed to design experiences, are effectively able to assimilate
competence in a very significant way, and, allowed us to perceive the
importance of soft skills in co-design teams, namely in what concerns refers
to its integration. In conclusion, we highlight the potential that these
design tools may have for N-D.
The design guide and scenario of virtual reality education APP
Authors: Zou Qiaoling , Su Zishun , Zou Lei , Li Dongning
Published: February 2023

Virtual reality education App is the product of the application of
virtual reality technology in education, it is a new paradigm of educational
technology in the digital age. In this study, Kano model was used to assess
the learners' needs for specific design elements in the virtual reality
education App from the perspective of user needs. Through the survey method
verification, the learner has the high expectation to 7 attributes, carries
on the optimization design to these aspects to have the good effect.
According to the results, the concrete design scheme of virtual reality
education App is summarized in order to guide the development of virtual
reality education App in the future.
Meta-verse Non-Heritage in Art Exhibitions: Virtual Reality Contextual
Narrative Across Time and Space
Authors: jian Yu
Published: February 2023

The meta-universe is a digital living space constructed by humans using
digital technologies such as digital twin, virtual reality, Internet of
Things, and cloud computing to connect reality and imagination. This mirror
simulation of the real world breaks the boundaries of time and space and
builds a new digital space-time context. Digital technology through sensing
and VR makes people experience the retro atmosphere constructed by virtual
reality across space and time while perceiving the real space-time embodied
experience, which is the missing means to break the boundaries of space-time
to experience the contextual narrative, revitalize historical relics,
interpret historical stories, and achieve living heritage in art
exhibitions. The concept of "contextual narrative" in the meta-universe ICH
in the art exhibition will use digital modalities to recreate ICH scenes,
and in terms of research methodology, it will draw on the narrative
structure, characteristics, characters and plot of ICH scenes for
inter-temporal construction.
Ergonomic Redesign of Till Operator Workstation to Reduce Overload
Authors: Arora Namrata , Shastri Anshuman , Rehman Nabila
Published: February 2023

Till Operators are the face of retail and are often overloaded with
excessive manual material handling and constant gaze at the VDT screen. This
paper presents a study which intends to ergonomically redesign the
workstation design for till operators and assess its effectiveness in
reducing overload. The study was conducted on 250 till operators engaged in
45 organised FMCG retail stores in India. The study was carried out in three
phases namely Load Assessment, Designing of Ergonomic Workstation for till
operators and Comparative analysis of existing and ergonomically modified
workstation. The comparative analysis was done on the basis of workplace
risk assessment, posture, body discomfort perceived by the operator, heart
rate, and cycle time. Statistically significant differences were obtained
when existing and modified workstations were compared. WERA and REBA scores
indicated significant improvements in posture while comparing the existing
and ergonomically designed shopping carts. The implementation of the study
can play a significant role in improving work conditions for till operators
and reducing overload.
Design in the folding calculation of origamis in interactive installation
art
Authors: Zheng Da , Liu Xiaodan , Zhang Shuya
Published: February 2023

With the rapid development of digital technology, new media installation
artists explore the possibilities of "human-computer interaction" in
installation art by computer using sensing technology, communication
technology, and other new artificial intelligence technologies. Modern
origami shapes flat surfaces into an orderly three-dimensional structures
through the design of creases, allowing the works to display both rigidity
and flexibility of mechanical properties. By analyzing the mechanical
properties and mathematical laws contained in the rules of modern origami,
we have built a visual interface model using Touch Designer software. Based
on the computational model, we designed an intelligent interactive origami
installation with “autonomous behavior” that can be encoded or decoded and
automatically read and executed by the acoustic collision rebound. Driven by
artificially empowered, the "folding" of paper extends into visible,
interactive, and perceptible "movement behavior The inter-media integration
attempts to combine material, structure and algorithm, hopefully providing a
new perspective for the innovation of new media dynamic installation art.
Comparative analysis of scientometric-based interface design research
Authors: Li Zhuang , Han Haiyan
Published: February 2023

In order to analyze the current situation and cutting-edge trends of
interface design research in Chinese and international academia, as well as
the respective research characteristics and paradigm differences between
Chinese and foreign academia. VOSviewer and CiteSpace metrological
visualization software were integrated to visualize and analyze the
literature related to interface design research included in CNKI and Web of
Science databases in terms of keyword co-occurrence, keyword clustering ,
keyword highlighting and highly cited literature by drawing knowledge maps.
The results of the study show that the Chinese academic research on
interface design focuses on the topics of graphical user interface,
human-computer interaction, user experience, and usability, while the
international academic research focuses on usability evaluation, intelligent
user interface, adaptive user interface and augmented reality, etc. In terms
of future research trends, the Chinese academic community focuses on user
experience, eye tracking, visual design and other directions, while the
international academic community starts to explore the direction of natural
interaction from physical interaction, focusing on user experience, gesture
recognition, natural user interface and other directions. In terms of
research paradigms, the differences between Chinese and international
academics are more significant, Chinese academics focus on qualitative
research, while international academics focus on quantitative empirical
research.
The influence of interface beauty factors on the cognitive performance of
news web interface visual information
Authors: Zhang Dingwen
Published: February 2023

At present, there are many researches on the cognitive performance of
digital interface information at home and abroad, but there are relatively
few researches on the influence of interface beauty factors on the
performance in the news web interface environment. This study selects three
factors of interface beauty factors, namely balance factor, symmetry factor
and density factor, as the variables of this study, to explore the influence
of interface beauty factors on the cognitive performance of news web
interface visual information. The research is divided into two parts:
interface beauty factor calculation and interface visual information
cognitive performance experiment. The results show that there is no obvious
linear relationship between the three factors and visual information
cognitive performance, but the model formulas of interface balance,
interface symmetry, interface density and average reaction time can be
obtained by quadratic curve fitting. The results are of great significance
to guide designers to design and evaluate the news web page interface in a
quantitative way from the perspective of improving information cognitive
performance.
Experiential Learning for Industry 4.0 in Higher Education: a
Challenge-based learning case study
Authors: Reyes Zárate Gabriela , Lizette Garay Rondero Claudia
Published: February 2023

Organisations and institutions worldwide know the need for trained
workers to handle future workplace challenges. This assertion focuses on the
growth of digital literacy and several other skills and abilities known as
digital transformation competencies. Universities, employers, governments,
and organisations recognise an existing gap in the students' education about
developing, utilising, and implementing new technologies. The contribution
of this work is to present an educational innovation case study in which
students implemented and customised Industry 4.0 technologies. The team
designed an assembly line with a collaborative robot and real-time
data-accessing dashboards with an Overall Equipment Efficiency (OEE)
indicator. Undergraduates start the experiential learning process by
studying time and movement tasks, designing workstations, and placing the
components for the assembly. Digital tools are used to track assembly line
availability, efficiency, and quality in real time, demonstrating the
positive impact of a collaborative robot on production. By introducing
Industry 4.0 into the industrial engineering curriculum, students can
improve their digital tools knowledge, problem-solving, teamwork, and
communication. This study provides future directions for students'
activities incorporating more technologies and digital enablers in Industry
4.0, adding relevant transversal skills regarding sustainability and
citizenship.
Eagle Model: A Future Medical Product Innovative Design Model Driven by
Human-Technology Symbiosis and Co-design
Authors: Jiang Yue , Chen Jing , Xu Yidan , Xiao Shimeng , Liu Long
Published: February 2023

Medical products are complex professional artefacts used in the medical
situation, such as disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and
rehabilitation, that hierarchically originate from basic medical research,
medical process, and service process. With the coming of the ageing society
and the experience economy era, both physical and experiential needs of
people for medical products are becoming increasingly complicated, diverse,
and comprehensive day by day. However, balancing the conflicts among various
needs is still a significant challenge. This article explores a future
medical product innovative design model driven following the ideology of
human-technology symbiosis and co-design, named the Eagle Model (shaped like
an eagle), as a potential proposal for this question. This model is
constructed based on 50 design outputs in the last 3-year medical product
design curriculum for bachelors in D&I, Tongji University, Shanghai,
China. We hope this article can inspire other researchers in the medical
innovative design area.
Towards Knowledge-based Generation of Synthetic Data by Taxonomizing
Expert Knowledge in Production
Authors: Petrovic Oliver , Leander Dias Duarte David , Storms Simon , Herfs Werner
Published: February 2023

Synthetic data is a promising approach for industrial computer vision
because it can enable highly autonomous production processes. However, this
potential is not fulfilled by current software for synthetic data
generation, which usually requires a programmer to create new datasets. To
overcome this, we are proposing a framework for more autonomous synthetic
data generation, formalizing user roles relevant to such systems. A central
aspect of our framework is that domain experts can easily influence the
generation of synthetic data by entering knowledge via user interfaces. To
get a better idea of what such knowledge could be, we have systematically
collected examples of knowledge types for synthetic data generation in
production and combined them into a taxonomy with almost 300 nodes. Using
this taxonomy as the basis for analyses, we derive six implications for our
framework, such as knowledge being not only passed on by domain experts but
also by the designer of the user interfaces and generation algorithms. We
plan to incorporate these findings to further refine and implement our
framework in future research.