bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To Study the Clinico-Hematological Profile of Pre-Eclampsia on Mother and Newborns
Authors: Ambad Ranjit S. , Bankar Nandkishor , Bhatt Neha , Shrivastava Deepti
Published: November 2021

Pre-eclampsia is a significant cause of maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidities and mortalities associated with pregnancy. We aimed at examining the impact of maternal pre-eclampsia on new-borns’ and Mother’s hematological profile. OBJECTIVE: To study the hematological profile in mothers suffering from pre-eclampsia. To study the hematological profile in neonates. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The present cross-sectional study includes 100 pregnant womens and 100 neonates were included in the study and were grouped as under. Group 1: 50 normal pregnant womens. Group II: 50 Normal Neonates of mothers having normal pregnancy Group III: 50 pregnant mothers with gestational age between 32 and 36 weeks with preeclampsia. Group IV: 50 Neonates of mothers having pre-eclampsia. RESULT: Comparatively lower platelet count in preeclamptic women as compared to normal pregnant women. Also, total leucocyte count was relatively on lower side. Neutrophils and monocytes were raised in preeclamptic women when compared with normal pregnant women. Rest of all the parameters were not significantly affected. Clearly shows that in case of new-borns of mothers who are preeclamptic, haemoglobin and red blood cell count were significantly lowered. But platelet counts and total lymphocyte count was raised when compared with new-borns of normal pregnant women. CONCLUSION: Positive correlation between preeclampsia and neonatal thrombocytopenia. Prematurity, insufficiency of the placenta and fetal development restriction and need for neonatal resuscitation in babies born to pre-eclamptic women were found to be substantially higher compared to those born to stable normotensive people.
المسؤولية القانونية للعمل الصحفي في السودان وفقاً لقانوني الصحافة والمطبوعات والعقوبات
Authors: آدم بساطي مصري د. ياسين
Published: November 2021

This study sheds light on the legal responsibility for journalistic work in Sudan in the context of a number of regulations governing journalistic and media activity in Sudan. The study aims to identify the legal consequences of violating the rules and regulations imposed on journalistic activity in this country, with emphasis on the most notable articles of the law to which journalists could be subjected in cases of violation. The study adopts the descriptive, Analytical and historical methods. At the end, the study has reached a number of conclusions as follows , consequences of violating the regulations organizing journalistic work in Sudan involve legal action , criminal or civil responsibility; Sudanese journalist is subject to a range of regulations on top of the specifically publications regulations including 1991penal code and national security law; Sudanese journalistic institutions should conform with administrative andobligationsimposed by 2009 regulations pertaining to press and publication; large number of people involved in the journalistic domain make it difficult to assign clear responsibility to any of partners in a journalistic criminal offense.
جهود الكندي في التوفيق بين الفلسفة والإسلام
Authors: محمد حماد النور د/ عرفه
Published: November 2021

In this research, I tackled the Arab philosopher Alkindi, the pioneer of Islamic philosophy, who is one of Islamic scholars. I tackled the meaning  of  word philosophy in the first chapter; then I tackled the  conception of philosophy in ancient Greeks including naturalists, Stoics and  Atheists as well as I tackled the way that Greek wisdom (philosophy) extracted  by Arabs; particularly translation method which was used in translating  many books of logic, philosophy and others. The second chapter includes Alkindi’s life; his birth, education, ancestry, his work in translation and philosophy. 

In the third chapter, I tackled the efforts that were done by Alkindi to harmonize between philosophy and Islam; in other words, between mentality and inspiration through his Islamic theories in which  he based  his own Islamic belief, his great Islamic culture and knowledge of ancients. He gave evidences and proofs to pursue his theories and ratify theories of disbelievers of Greek philosophers. I also mentioned his great and unique additions to science of philosophy, which paved the way for Islamic philosophers who appeared after his era.

The research ended bya conclusion and recommendations
Navigating the (yet) unseen waters of Cerrado, the Brazilian savanna
Authors: Coleoni Claudia , Carvalho Tomas
Published: November 2021

Home to the headwaters and the largest portion of South American watersheds and the upper catchments of large Amazon tributaries, the Cerrado biome plays a vital role in Brazil’s surface and groundwater availability. Agribusiness expands at the cost of Cerrado’s biodiversity, leading to ever-increasing deforestation rates that favour a ‘water scarcity’ narrative despite the biome’s ‘water abundance’ potential. Water-related conservation efforts, such as the Water Producer Programme, are underway to align ecosystem services maintenance with sustainable agricultural practices in the Cerrado biome.
Excavating the Future: Utopia as a Method of Historical Analysis
Authors: Stainforth Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

This article explores the question of “excavating the future” and utopia’s potential to expand the modalities within which history has been written and thought. Here, utopia is positioned both as a lens through which to understand the growth of modern historical thinking and as a method for historical analysis. The first part of the article investigates the emergence of the temporal utopia in the modern period and its entanglement with history. The second part of the article begins to trace the contours of utopia as a framework for interrogating history. This framework draws from a branch of utopianism, adapted from the work of Ruth Levitas and Fredric Jameson, via reference to Michel Foucault’s writing on genealogical methods. The article ends by highlighting some examples of historical studies in which the future emerges as an analytical category, to signal a way forward for utopia as a method of historical analysis.
Effects of funding on the collaboration and citation in environmental papers and the relationship with nation’s science and technology budgets
Authors: Nabout João Carlos , Faquim Ruan Carlos Pires , Carvalho Rodrigo Assis , Machado Karine Borges
Published: November 2021

Input, output, impact, and processes are central indicators of the science, technology, and innovation production. The input is usually associated to investments made in science and technology, and it varies among different countries and scientific fields. Thus, the input can influence other impact indicators. Here, we evaluated the effect of the input data (i.e., number of funding) on process (i.e., collaboration) and output (i.e., number of citation) indicators of ecological research. Moreover, we detailed the effect of the number of funding on the collaboration and number of citations by each country (based on the nationality of authors). We found that most of published papers had some degrees of financial support, and that the production of papers with funding increased over the years. Funding had a positive effect on the collaboration and citation of papers; however, we observed that: in countries with higher investments in Science and Technology, the number of funding impacts positively and directly on the number of authors (collaboration) and in countries with low levels of investments in Science and Technology, the number of funding impacts positively and directly on the number of citations. Our models presented a low predictive power, but similar to other informetric studies. Our results indicated that impact indicators evaluated have an integrated structure, and the effects at one level can affect other levels. Nonetheless, the impact of the number of funding on informetric data can vary among countries; therefore, these results are important to the development of national policies and future informetric studies.
Quali-quantitative characterization of biogas with the temporal behavior of organic load on wastewater treatment plant with upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors through measurement in full‑scale systems
Authors: Duarte Hernandez Orlando Antonio , Paula Ana Caroline , Possetti Gustavo Rafael Collere , Cantão Mauricio Pereira , Aisse Miguel Mansur
Published: November 2021

This study aims to present the time behavior of wastewater flow parameters, organic matter, biogas flow, biogas composition, and its relations, measured through online sensors, in a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) operating full-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors, installed in the south of Brazil. WWTP has online measurement devices to evaluate some physicochemical variables of the sewage and the biogas. The COD analyzer (UV– Vis probe), ultrasonic flow meter, biogas flow meter, and biogas composition analyzer were the equipment used. The monitoring occurred for two time periods each of 72 h and one time period for 48 h in the year 2018. Data were checked with descriptive statistics, data independence was checked through the autocorrelation Box– Ljung test, normality behavior was checked with several tests (Shapiro– Wilk, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Lilliefors, Anderson–Darling, D’Agostino K2, and Chen–Shapiro), and Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlations among the parameters. The mean sewage flow was 345 ± 120 L.s-1; removed organic load was, in average, 48%; biogas quality values were 82.32% ± 3.62% v/v (CH4), 2.66% ± 1.19% v/v (CO2), and 3453 ± 1268 ppm (H2S); and the production per capita obtained was 4.51 ± 1.65 NL.hab-1.d-1. It was estimated an electric power generation of 3118.6 kWh.d-1, which is equivalent to an installed power of 130 KW. The behavior of removed organic load and biogas flow (Nm3.h-1), produced in the treatment plant, showed variable, periodic, and nonstationary time behavior.
Sertanejo biodigestor: a social technology, an alternative source of energy
Authors: De Souza Reginaldo Alves , Lyra Marília Regina Costa Castro , Carvalho Renata Maria Caminha M. de O. , Araújo Filho José Coelho de
Published: November 2021

The use of biogas as an alternative to using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for cooking food in the context of family farming is something recent and has ample room for growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the Sertanejo biodigester by farming families as a social technology for cooking gas production, as well as an alternative energy source. It also aimed to identify elements which contribute to disseminating this technology as an alternative to the use of firewood, charcoal and LPG. Quali-quantitative approaches were used following the exploratory method, with interviews and non-probabilistic sampling. A population with 132 units of biodigesters in the Agreste mesoregion of the State of Pernambuco was considered, with 83 interviews being collected. The results indicated that the Sertanejo biodigester social technology provides an increase in the income of farming families, avoids the use of firewood and charcoal for cooking food and produces biofertilizer for crops. They also showed that its non-continuous use or deactivation is related to a lack of raw material and the need for maintenance. Given this scenario, its implementation must consider the availability of a raw material source in the production unit and the potential for biogas production from the existing herd and consumption demand. It is recommended to strengthen arguments of economic and environmental impact for low-income families to disseminate this technology; to encourage the use of biogas associated with other activities in the production system; and to incorporate biodigestor social technology in rural credit financing lines.
The Outcome Comparison of two Groups of total Extraperitoneal and Mesh Repair of Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Jamil Muhammad Aamir , Asif Muhammad , Yousaf Imran , Anwer Muhammad Faheem , Anwar Muhammad Waseem
Published: November 2021

Aim: The outcome comparison of total extraperitoneal versus mesh repair for inguinal hernia. Study design: Quasi experimental study. Place and duration of study: Department of Surgery, M. Islam Teaching Hospital, Gujranwala from March 2018 to March 2019. Methodology: After the approval of hospital ethical committee, a total of 50 patients were included and randomly divided into two groups equally. Group A (Total extraperitoneal), Group B (Mesh repair). An informed consent was taken from every patient about operative procedure and the outcome. A detailed history of the patient i.e. clinical examination, routine investigations (CBC, Urine R/E, urea, creatinine) and some specific investigations (chest X-ray, ECG and ultrasound abdomen and prostate) was done for surgery. All data of patients was collected on proforma and was analyzed with the help of a computer SPSS programme 20. Results: The mean age of patients was 34.22±11.54 years in group A and 35.63±11.25 years in group B. All male and female patients included in this study in both groups. Twelve (48%) of patients were direct inguinal hernia in group A 13(22%) were in group B and 14(56%) patients were in group A and 11(44%) patients were in group B. The mean±SD postoperative hospital stay was 24.48±4.62 in group A and 34.65±12.26 hours in group B (p 0.001). The mean±SD postoperative recovery time in weeks was 2.18±0.43 in group A and 2.90±0.46 weeks in group B (p 0.001). Only 2 (4%) patient had postoperative infection on first week and 4 (8%) patients had infection respectively. No recurrence was seen in group A and only 3% recurrence was in group B. Conclusion: It is concluded that group A had shorter hospital stay, recovery time, postoperative time and less infection rate as compared to group B. In group A 13% patients had severe pain and in group B 25% patients. Keywords: Inguinal Hernia, Total extraperitoneal, Mesh repair.
Study of Association of Demographic Variables with Types of Burns Presenting in a Tertiary Care Medicolegal Clinic
Authors: Buzdar Zulfiqar Ali , Haq Zia ul , Munir Javaid , Sibtain Fazli Muhammad Anwar , Zaman Fakhar uz
Published: November 2021

Background: In day to day life every human whether young or the old happens to deal or face the fire sources or any relevant entity. Great research is available in all the regions of the world and generous emphasis had been delivered widely. Though the advantages of the energy sources outweighs its disadvantages if dealt with proper care but accidents do happen in this process. The study focuses on the association of the demographic variables like age, gender, marital status and level of education. Aim: To observe the association of demographic variables with types of the burns. Methods: A total of 250 victims of burns presenting in the Medicolegal Clinic of King Edward Medical University Lahore/ Emergency of Mayo Hospital Lahore expanded over a period of several months from December 2017 to August 2018. Results: A grossly significant association of the age, gender, occupation and level of education of the victims of burns with types of different burns i.e. scalds, dry flame burns, chemical burns and electrical burns was observed with a 0.000 p value. A little lower significance of marital status of with a p value of 0.036 was observed when compared to different types of burns. Keywords: Scalds, Dry flame, Chemical, Electrical, Burns, Age, Gender, Marital Status, Occupation
Comparison of Efficacy of Ondansetron Pre-treatment in Alleviating Pain due to Propofol during General Anaesthesia with Placebo
Authors: Zahra Haneen , Bary Abdul , Nazeer Tahir , Naseem Saira , Abdul Aziz Muhammad , Hussain Riaz , Tahir Amna
Published: November 2021

Background: Ondansetron is a 5HT3 receptor blocker and has multifaceted action like sodium channel blocker and µ - opioid agonist. Objective: To compare the efficiency of ondansetron pre-treatment in alleviating pain caused by propofol during induction of general anaesthesia with placebo. Material & Method: In this randomized controlled trail 120 patients of ASA grade I & II undergoing elective surgery were included and divided into two equal groups A & B by using lottery method. Each group comprised of 60 patients. In group A two ml 0.9 % normal saline and in group B, 2 ml ondansetron (4mg) given intravenously. In both groups propofol was given in a dose of 2.5 mg / Kg intravenously. Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 29.95 ± 4.79 year and in group B was 30.30 ± 4.87 year. Majority of patients 67(55.83 %) were between 18 to 30 year of age. Out of 120 patients. 63 (52.50 %) were ASA I & 52 (47.50 %) were ASA II. Efficacy of group A (placebo) was seen in 11 (18.33 %) while in group B (ondansetron) was seen in 56 (93.33 %). Conclusion: Ondansetron pre-treatment in alleviating pain cause by propofol is very effective. Keywords: Pain, ondansetron, propofol, general anaesthesia.
Meme Generation Using Deep Neural Network to Engage Viewers on Social Media
Authors: Alandjani Gasim Othamn , Bouk Altaf Hussain
Published: November 2021

In today’s technological era, most new generations are using memes because the phenomenon of memes is rapidly gaining in popularity. In addition, various modifications and parodies use social and cultural phenomena to transform an original idea into another. Virus memes are sometimes called virus scripts and are the most widespread on the Internet. However, there is little scientific evidence for this assumption. This paper presents an innovative method to generate memes using machine learning algorithms that match the users’ humorous and relevant captions. The VGG16 network is used to return the embedded image. We have collected feedback from citizens of more than five countries and received 37 feedbacks to find humorous memes. The obtained results from feedback are very encouraging from the generated memes.
CONHECIMENTO DOS ACADÊMICOS DA ÁREA DA SAÚDE SOBRE SUPORTE BÁSICO DE VIDA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: De Souza Moreno Danielle , Gaspar Ana Paula Gabriel , Mangini Giovani Siqueira , Prieto da Silva Guedes Mariana , Lopes Ferreira Leonardo , Maia Laura C. Pereira
Published: November 2021

Introdução: A parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) é uma das emergências cardiovasculares com elevada prevalência de morbidade e mortalidade. Todo profissional de saúde deve reconhecer os sinais e sintomas de uma PCR, prestar os primeiros cuidados (SBV) e manter-se atualizado sobre o assunto. Objetivo: Descrever o conhecimento dos acadêmicos da área da saúde no suporte básico de vida. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura de artigos extraídos das bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde LILACS, MEDLINE e SciELO. Foram utilizados os descritores (DeCS) "students”, "resuscitation", "knowledge"; e o MeSH, "students", "resuscitation", "practice", “attitude” e “knowledge” de forma isolada e combinada. A busca identificou 876 artigos dos quais apenas 82 apresentavam títulos que tinham proximidade com o tema da pesquisa. Foram selecionados 48 artigos para a leitura integral. A partir destes, 11 artigos foram analisados. Resultados: Os artigos apontam que o conhecimento dos alunos e suas habilidades teóricas e práticas foram insuficientes para realizar uma RCP aceitável e que habilidades podem ser aprimoradas através de treinamentos frequentes, melhorando a retenção de conhecimento e a confiança dos estudantes na prática de RCP. Ainda revelam que os treinamentos devem ser incluídos nas grades curriculares dos cursos da saúde e repetidos ao longo da graduação, mas não houve consenso sobre o tempo de repetição dos treinamentos de SBV. Conclusões: O conhecimento dos estudantes da área da saúde sobre SBV é insuficiente. Ressalta-se a importância do constante aprimoramento das habilidades teórico-prática em SBV ao longo da graduação nos cursos da área da saúde.
ruleta climática en Bolivia: Vulnerabilidad ante la incertidumbre y sus efectos
Authors: Olivera-Villarroel S. M. , Candia-Calderon A. G. , Borja-Vega CH.
Published: November 2021

Bolivia es uno de los países con mayor disponibilidad de agua en el mundo; sin embargo, posee un déficit anual de agua que afecta al 13% de la población urbana y al 38% de la población rural; además, es el país con menores capacidades de almacenamiento en embalses de agua de la región. Por lo que la presente investigación analiza los efectos del cambio climático en el sector agua y sus impactos en la vulnerabilidad de las áreas urbanas del país. Para el efecto, se utilizó el índice de vulnerabilidad al cambio climático (IVCC), que aplica el método de descomposición de Shapley que identifica los pesos ponderados de los componentes del IVCC. Entre los hallazgos se destaca que el principal cambio por el que atravesará Bolivia será el aumento a la exposición de las sequias, por lo que es de vital importancia diversificar las fuentes de agua; además, dado el aumento poblacional en las ciudades capitales se debe mejorar la distribución de agua potable y el sistema de alcantarillado. En relación a las ciudades pequeñas se deben generar mecanismos de riego y saneamiento para solventar los cambios climáticos futuros. Finalmente, se debe generar una cultura de manejo del agua -re uso de aguas residuales, uso moderado del agua potable, entre otros-. Es de vital importancia priorizar estas políticas públicas dado que el acceso al agua potable y saneamiento es un derecho humano el cual se debe garantizar para el desarrollo social y económico de Bolivia.
COMMUNIST CAROTIC ARTERY CLOSURE DURATION EFFECT ON WISTAR WHITE RATS MOTORIC
Authors: Djajasasmita Daswara , Sa'adah Hindung , Miftahudin
Published: November 2021

The carotid artery consists of two carotid arteries, namely the dextra communist artery and the sinistra, the main blood vessels in the neck that supply blood to the brain, the basal ganglia, which have the function of regulating the motor functions of the body. The communal carotid arteries blocked flow can cause brain ischemia. It is due to hypoxia due to a lack of oxygen supply carried by the brain, resulting in motor body function disorders, incredible blockages in the carotid arteries that supply blood to the brain, and neurons as regulators of motor functions. The research is a literature study that has relevance to the formulation of the problem meets the criteria and research objectives to determine the effect of the length of the blockage of the arteries of the carotid artery of the communist to the motor function of the Wistar strain rats. The results of a literature review or literature studies in some previous scientific research journals indicate if the blockage of the arteries of the communal carotid arteries affects the disruption of motor function caused by hypoxia and damage to neurons and brain tissue in motor neurons. The conclusion is that the blockage and the duration of blockage of the communal carotid arteries affect motor function.
OVERVIEW OF PATIENTS SATISFACTION LEVEL AT DENTAL CLINIC CIMAHI TENGAH HEALTH CENTER INDONESIA
Authors: Himawati Marlin , Rengganis Kemala , Adawiyah Rabiatul , Fasya Dhiya , Rosida Ulfah , Fitriyana Nunuk
Published: November 2021

Puskesmas represents the functional organization unit that runs health efforts accepted and affordable by the entire community with society's active role. Puskesmas must have a good quality of health service to provide the satisfaction of the patients. Patient satisfaction is one of the leading indicators of health facilities and has become a standard measure of quality-of-service customer satisfaction. The general objectives of the study are to evaluate the level of satisfaction of patients at the Dental Clinic of Puskesmas Cimahi Tengah, Cimahi City, based on tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. This study used a descriptive study method through a questionnaire about patient satisfaction toward services at the dental clinic of Puskesmas Cimahi Tengah. The sample size used in this study were all patients who came to the dental clinic of Puskesmas Cimahi Tengah. The study results are based on the five dimensions analyzed, namely tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, which refer to the SERVQUAL model developed by Parasuraman. The service quality of the dental clinic at Puskesmas Cimahi Tengah on the dimensions of tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy was very satisfying. The conclusion based on the analysis of the respondents' responses on patient satisfaction at the dental clinic at the Central Cimahi Center was very gratifying.
Tarihi Dönemlerde Tamlayan Eki Almayan Belirtili İsim Tamlamalarının Nehcü’l-Ferâdis Örneğinde İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Burçin
Published: November 2021

Öz

Türkçede isim tamlamaları belirtili isim tamlaması ve belirtisiz isim tamlaması olmak üzere ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Bu fark ise tamlayanın ilgi hâli eki alıp almamasına göre ortaya konmuştur. Hatta bu yüzden ilgi hâli ekine tamlayan eki de denilmektedir. Buna göre ilgi hâli eki alan isim tamlamalarına belirtili isim tamlaması ilgi hâli eki almayan isim tamlamalarına ise belirtisiz isim tamlaması adı verilmiştir. Ancak tarihi metinlere bakıldığında ilgi hâli eki almadan da kurulan belirtili isim tamlaması örnekleri bulunmaktadır. Bu makalede Harezm döneminin önemli eserlerinden biri olan Nehcü’l-Ferâdis’teki örneklere bakılarak ve tamlayan eki almış ve almamış belirtili isim tamlamaları karşılaştırılarak bu durumun sebepleri üzerinde durulacaktır.
“Çomar” Kelimesinin Kökeni Üzerine
Authors: KESİN Tuğçe Nur
Published: November 2021

Bu makalede, Türkiye Türkçesinde “iri köpek, çoban köpeği” anlamında kullanılan çomar kelimesi üzerinde durulacaktır. Etimoloji sözlükleri, Derleme Sözlüğü ve bazı muhtelif çalışmalarda, çomar kelimesine temas edilmiş ancak kelime üzerine müstakil bir köken incelemesi yapılmamıştır. Mevcut temaslardan hareketle bu çalışmada, çomar kelimesinin kökeni hakkındaki görüşler sunularak kelimenin kökeni izah edilmiştir.
Çalışmanın sonunda kelimenin ço- fiilinin üzerine gelen -mur “fiilden isim yapım eki”yle türetildiği (ço-mur ˃ ço-mar) sonucuna varılmıştır.
Eski Anadolu Türkçesinde Arapça ve Farsça Kelimelerdeki Ünlülerle İlgili Ses Olayları
Authors: KARACA Mehmet Mustafa
Published: November 2021

Bugünkü bilgilerimize göre Türk dilinin yazılı belgeler üzerinden takip edebildiğimiz dönemi VII ve VIII. yüzyıllardan itibaren başlamaktadır. Ancak yapılan pek çok bilimsel araştırmaya dayanarak bu tarihleri çok daha eskilere dayandırmak mümkündür. Günümüze kadar sayısız eserin dili olmuş Türkçe aynı zamanda çok geniş coğrafyalara yayılmış ve çok farklı kültürlerin dilleriyle etkileşime girmiştir. Bu etkileşimler neticesinde diğer dillere pek çok kelime verdiği gibi diğer dillerden pek çok kelimeyi de bünyesine dâhil etmiştir. Gerek diğer dillerden alınan alıntılar gerek de Türkçenin kendisine ait kelimeler, tarih boyunca fonetik ve semantik bazı değişimlere uğrayarak günümüze kadar ulaşmıştır. Bu değişimleri ise günümüze ulaşmış yazılı metinler üzerinden takip edebilmekteyiz. Ancak Türklerin tarih boyunca çok farklı alfabeler kullanmış olması ve bu alfabelerin hemen hepsinin Türk dilinin fonetiğini yansıtmakta yetersiz olması pek çok zaman söz konusu değişimlerin seyrini takip etmeyi zorlaştırmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak özellikle çeviri yazı çalışmalarında alfabelerden kaynaklı yetersizliklerden veya tarihî metinlerin imla özelliklerinin farklı yorumlanmasından kaynaklı bazı eksiklikler dikkat çekmektedir. Bu yazıda Türk diline diğer dillerden girmiş -özellikle Farsça ve Arapça- kelimelerin ünlülerinde meydana gelen ses türemeleri, ses değişmeleri ve bu değişmelerin nasıl yorumlanması gerektiğiyle ilgili bazı değerlendirmelerde bulunulacaktır.
Etnonimlerde “Ew” (> Ewi, Ewli) Bileşeni ve Alkaewli, Karaewli Adlarının Esası Üzerine
Authors: ŞAHİN İbrahim
Published: November 2021

Alkaewli ve Karaewli boyları tarihi kaynaklarda çok farklı imlalarla anılmaktadır. Bu boyların tarih sahnesindeki izlerini konu edinen araştırmalarda, söz konusu kökadlarının (etnonimlerin) yapısına ve anlamına yönelik, bu çerçevede “ewli” bileşeninin (component) yapısı üzerine, bazı yüzeysel değerlendirmeler yapılmışsa da bunda başarılı olduğu söylenemez. Bu değerlendirmelerde Karaewli ve Alkaewli etnonimlerindeki bu yapının (“ewli”), ‘ev’ sözcüğüyle ilgili olduğu değerlendirilmiş; Karaewli etnoniminin ‘evi, çadırı kara olan’ anlamına geldiği ileri sürülmüştür. Bu makalede konu, “ewi” “ewli/ewlü” bileşeniyle kurulu çok sayıda toponim örneğinden hareketle ele alınmış ve Musul’un Telafer ilçesi silikyeradlarından (mikrotoponimleri) elde edilen bulgular temelinde açıklanmıştır. Telafer silikyeradları (mikrotoponimleri) üzerine derlemeye dayalı yaptığımız bir çalışması sırasında, “ewi” yapısının toponimlerde sıkça görüldüğü fark edilmiş ve bölge halkı tarafından bu bileşenin ‘… boyu, …aşireti’ anlamında kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir: Ör. Aloewi ‘Alo Aşireti’, Efendiewi ‘Efendi Aşireti’. Bu bilgi, “ewi”, “ewli” yapılı etnonimlerin anlam çözümlemesinde anahtar rol oynamıştır. Söz konusu bulgu, bu yapıdaki toponimlerin esasen etnotoponim (kökadlıyeradları) olduklarını ortaya çıkarması bakımından da önemli olmuştur. Buna göre, makaleye konu olan kökadlarının esasen Alka ve Kara oldukları; kalıplaşmış bir görüntü içerisinde bulunan “ewli” bileşeninin ise, ‘… aşiretine/boyuna/topluluğuna mensup olan’ anlamına gelen kökadcıl bir belirteç (ethnoyimic indikator) olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Statistical Fragility of Surgical Clinical Trials in Orthopaedic Trauma
Authors: Forrester Lynn Ann , McCormick Kyle L. , Bonsignore-Opp Lisa , Tedesco Liana J. , Baranek Eric S. , Jang Eugene S. , Tyler Wakenda K.
Published: November 2021

Introduction:

The Fragility Index (FI) and the Fragility Quotient (FQ) are powerful statistical tools that can aid clinicians in assessing clinical trial results. The purpose of this study was to use the FI and FQ to evaluate the statistical robustness of widely cited surgical clinical trials in orthopaedic trauma.

Methods:

We performed a PubMed search for orthopaedic trauma clinical trials in high-impact orthopaedics-focused journals and calculated the FI and FQ for all identified dichotomous, categorical outcomes.

Results:

We identified 128 studies with 545 outcomes. The median FI was 5, and the median FQ was 0.0482. For statistically significant and not statistically significant outcomes, the median FIs were 3 and 5, and the mean FQs were 0.0323 and 0.0526, respectively. The FI was greater than the number of patients lost to follow-up in most outcomes.

Conclusions:

The orthopaedic trauma literature is of equal or higher quality than research in other orthopaedic subspecialties, suggesting that other orthopaedic subspecialties may benefit from modeling their clinical trials after those in orthopaedic trauma.
Impact of Patient Resilience on Outcomes of Open Brostrom-Gould Lateral Ligament Repair
Authors: Andrews Nicholas A. , Dib Aseel , Torrez Timothy W. , Harrelson Whitt M. , Sinha Tanvee , Rallapalle Vyshnavi , Agarwal Abhinav , Shah Ashish
Published: November 2021

Introduction:

Little is known about the factors affecting the intermediate outcomes of the Brostrom-Gould repair as measured by new patient-reported outcome instruments and the impact of patient resilience on postoperative outcomes. This is the first study to investigate the impact of resilience on the outcomes of lateral ligament repair.

Methods:

Retrospectively, 173 patients undergoing Brostrom-Gould at single institution from January 2013 to June 2020 were identified. Patient characteristics, participation in athletic activities, surgical variables, and complications were recorded. Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference v1.1 (PI), Physical Function v1.2 (PF), and the Foot Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) were collected. The Brief Resilience Scale was used to quantify resilience. A linear regression model was constructed to evaluate the independent effect of resilience on each PROMIS and FAAM outcome instrument. Variables were included in the regression model based on an a priori significance threshold of P <0.05 in bivariate analysis.

Results:

Resilience's independent effect on outcome measures was as follows: PROMIS PF (unstandardized β 8.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.9 to 12.6), PROMIS PI (unstandardized β −4.8, 95% CI −7.9 to −1.7), FAAM Activities of Daily Living (unstandardized β 16.6, 95% CI 8.7 to 24.6), and FAAM Sports (unstandardized β 28.4, 95% CI 15.9 to 40.9). Preoperative participation in athletic activities also had a positive independent effect on multiple outcome metrics including PROMIS PF (unstandardized β 9.4, 95% CI 2.8 to 16.0), PROMIS PI (unstandardized β −5.3, 95% CI −10.0 to −0.582), and FAAM Sport scores (unstandardized β 34.4, 95% CI 15.4 to 53.4).

Conclusions:

Resilience and patient participation in athletic activities are independent predictors of improved postoperative functional outcomes as measured by PROMIS and FAAM instruments at intermediate term follow-up. Resilient patients and athletes reported markedly higher PF and less pain burden postoperatively. Preoperative quantification of resilience could enable improved prognostication of patients undergoing lateral ligament repair of the ankle.
Factores socioculturales y su incidencia en la violencia contra la mujer en casos atendidos del Centro Emergencia Mujer Huancané
Authors: Fernández Sancho Gregoria , Palomino Coila Martha , Zegarra Ugarte Soledad Jackeline
Published: November 2021

La violencia contra la mujer es un problema que atañe a la sociedad contemporánea en diversos ámbitos. Inciden en su manifestación diversos factores. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la incidencia de los Factores Socioculturales en la violencia contra la mujer en casos atendidos en el Centro Emergencia Mujer Huancané -2017. El diseño fue de tipo básico – teórico que correspondió al nivel correlacional–causal.  Se enmarca dentro del enfoque cuantitativo, utiliza el método hipotético deductivo y fue no experimental de corte transversal. Para el procesamiento de datos, se utilizó el diseño estadístico Chi cuadrado, como técnica se utilizó la encuesta con su instrumento cuestionario estructurado nominal. La población estuvo constituida por 108 mujeres víctimas de violencia. Los resultados demostraron que los factores socioculturales inciden significativamente en la violencia contra la mujer con un valor de x2 (28,664 > 5,9915). Entre estos factores se encuentran los estereotipos que subordinan a la mujer respecto al varón.
The Sacramentality of Marriage: A Protestant Perspective
Authors: Huat Leow Theng
Published: November 2021

From the beginning of the Reformation in the sixteenth century, Protestants have departed from the long-held consensus in the Western church that marriage is to be seen as an ecclesial sacrament. This article examines some of the impact of this momentous move on the Christian understanding of marriage. It suggests the need for Protestants to recover, in fuller measure, the sacramentality of marriage, in other words, an affirmation that the outward and visible marriage between a man and woman carries inward and spiritual significance. The article proposes a way this might be done, utilizing John Wesley’s understanding of the “means of grace.” Our hope is that a more robust Protestant view of marriage will contribute more fully to the ongoing discussion on the subject among the various sectors of Christianity and result in the blessing of the church and the world, especially the church in Asia, where sacramentality is inherent in the Asian worldview.
Prikaz knjige: Predrag Novaković, Historija arheologije u novim zemljama Jugoistočne Evrope
Authors: Deljo Damir
Published: November 2021

Book Review: Predrag Novaković, Historija arheologije u novim zemljama Jugoistočne Evrope, Univerzitet u Sarajevu, Sarajevo, 2015, str. 304.
Prikaz naučnog časopisa: Godišnjak Udruženja BATHINVS, Acta Illyrica, br. 3
Authors: Hadžiabdić Fadil
Published: November 2021

Book Review: Godišnjak Udruženja BATHINVS, Acta Illyrica, br. 3, Udruženje za proučavanje i promoviranje ilirskog naslijeđa i drevnih i klasičnih civilizacija “BATHINVS”, broj III, Sarajevo, 2019, 149 str.
Đánh giá các hệ thống nhận dạng giọng nói tiếng việt (vais, viettel, zalo, fpt và google) trong bản tin
Authors: Nguyen Thi My Thanh  , Phan Xuan Dung  , Nguyen Ngoc Hay  , Le Ngoc Bich  , Dao Xuan Quy
Published: November 2021

Bài báo này giới thiệu kết quả đánh giá các hệ thống nhận dạng giọng nói tiếng Việt (VASP-Vietnamese Automatic Speech Recognition) trong bản tin từ các công ty hàng đầu của Việt Nam như Vais (Vietnam AI System), Viettel, Zalo, Fpt và công ty hàng đầu thế giới Google. Để đánh giá các hệ thống nhận dạng giọng nói, chúng tôi sử dụng hệ số Word Error Rate (WER) với đầu vào là văn bản thu được từ các hệ thống Vais VASP, Viettel VASP, Zalo VASP, Fpt VASP và Google VASP. Ở đây, chúng tôi sử dụng tập tin âm thanh là các bản tin và API từ các hệ thống Vais VASP, Viettel VASP, Zalo VASP, Fpt VASP và Google VASP để đưa ra văn bản được nhận dạng tương ứng. Kết quả so sánh WER từ Vais, Viettel, Zalo, Fpt và Google cho thấy hệ thống nhận dạng tiếng nói tiếng Việt trong các bản tin từ Viettel, Zalo, Fpt và Google đều có kết quả tốt, trong đó Vais cho kết quả vượt trội hơn.
Thiết kế mạch quản lý nguồn năng lượng tự cảm kim phun trên ô tô
Authors: Phan Nguyen Qui Tam  , Do Van Dung  , Dinh Cao Tri
Published: November 2021

Khi các kim phun trong hệ thống phun nhiên liệu hoạt động sẽ tạo ra các xung tự cảm có biên độ rất cao và xuất hiện trong khoảng thời gian ngắn sau mỗi lần chuyển trạng thái đóng mở. Các xung ngược này là nguyên nhân gây tổn hao nhiệt, lãng phí năng lượng và gây ảnh hưởng đến các thiết bị điện tử. Việc chế tạo một bộ quản lý nguồn năng lượng điện cảm này và phân phối ngược lại các kim phun là giải pháp tiềm năng để hạn chế các tác hại do các xung phản điện động này gây ra. Bài báo trình bày việc thiết kế một hệ thống thu hồi năng lượng điện cảm từ cuộn dây kim phun với mục đích đóng vai trò như một nguồn cung cấp điện áp thứ hai cho kim phun nhằm giảm tiêu hao nhiên liệu. Thực nghiệm được tiến hành trên mô hình phun xăng đánh lửa để đánh giá khả năng thu hồi năng lượng của mạch.
Sustainable agriculture: A move towards a healthier and environment friendly farming and a hope to reduce food poverty in India
Authors: Bhattacharya Sumanta , Sachdev Bhavneet Kaur
Published: November 2021

Sustainable agriculture can help us to become above a change in the pattern we consume food and also eradicate the problem of food shortage across the world, in particular in India, less than 4 % of the country had adopted to sustainable agriculture in which crop rotation, organic farming, agroforestry and natural farming is common, It can work to reduce poverty and hunger from the country, male nutrition is a very big issue where 15 % of the world male nutrition population is found in India. Sustainable agriculture can help to combat the problem of pests, weed pressure, reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, soil erosion. Sustainable agriculture works with the nature takes into account environment health, economic and social equity of its people. Agriculture is the largest industry in India which provides jobs to maximum people, sustainable farming will double the income of farmers, generate employment, will led to the growth of healthier plants, soil and wildlife with water harvesting and agroforestry.
Early European Integration – Rivalry and Accession. Economic and Political Analysis on the Relation Between the European Economic Community, the United Kingdom and the Nordic Customs Union
Authors: Vasilev Veselin
Published: November 2021

The paper is concentrated on the pre-history that led to the so-called Northern enlargement of the European Community. Specifically, the economic and political reasons that led the United Kingdom, Norway, Denmark to drop their initial integration arrangements and seek membership in the European Economic Community. After an outlook of the European development after the Second World War, the respective developments in the named countries and their integration projects are analysed. At the end, some highlights about the rivalry caused by the creation of the continental scheme are presented, which ended with the establishing of the dominance of the European Community.
Entrepreneurial Mindset Among Students (Empirical Research Among Tourism Students at the Faculty of Economics, “St. Cyril and St. Methodius” University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria)
Authors: Mancheva-Ali Olga
Published: November 2021

This article presents the topic of entrepreneurial attitudes among students majoring in “Tourism” at the Faculty of Economics at the University of Veliko Tarnovo. To establish attitudes, an empirical study was conducted, the data of which were partially compared with published research on the topic by other authors and organizations. The study is clustered and does not claim to cover the overall picture of entrepreneurship in tourism, as well as all aspects of the entrepreneurial process. As a result, it can be said that young people have a positive attitude towards entrepreneurship in tourism, but have great concerns about the possibility of failure and the uncertain business climate in the country.
Evaluation and Bibliographic Analyses of EdLAM Literature to Help Early Career Academics
Authors: Demiröz Seva
Published: November 2021

According to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (OECD, 2018), in almost half of the 38 OECD-member countries, most of the decisions about organization of instruction, personnel management, planning and structures, and resource management are taken at the school level. This study focused on understanding the current body of EdLAM knowledge to help doctoral students and early career researchers plan, run, and publish their studies. The terms “educational administration”, “educational management”, “educational leadership” were used to search the Web of Science database for studies published between 2000 and 2019. The final data set included 1438 articles. Concepts were examined with cooccurrence analysis using the bibliographic analysis tool, VOSViewer. Citation analysis was employed for ascertaining sources of highly cited articles. Results showed that “educational leadership” was the most studied concepts. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, and Educational Management Administration and Leadership were found to be those journals with the highest average yearly influence.
Gemeentelijke juridische professionals in ­verandering
Authors: Mein Arnt
Published: November 2021

Legal professionals in city and municipal government in transition

Legal professionals working in city and municipal government face changes in expectations about their roles within the organisation. Where in the past they mostly took on the reactive and detached role of guardians of legal quality, these days they are expected to take a more flexible, solution-oriented and cooperative stance. How do these legal professionals handle this shift? How far do they go in adapting and which factors play a role? Based on three different positions within the organisation I describe this process, focusing in particular on their perception of their professional roles, and their willingness to change. I conclude with some critical comments on the changing expectations from legal professionals.
Ogniwa kontaktów chińsko-kubańskich. Migracje, gospodarka, polityka
Authors: Mencel Marian Tadeusz
Published: November 2021

Cuba, due to the geographical location, is geostrategically important in the region,
which was understood by the leaders of the United States, the Soviet Union, and in
recent years also by the People's Republic of China. The history of the Cuban-Chinese
contacts dates back to the days of creating of cultural and civilization governance by
European invaders in Latin America, but it was not established by the political and
economic relations, which began just after World War II, the creation of Communist
Cuba and China. In the article, the author took an attempt to present the cultural, political
and economic changes in relations of the two countries over more than 500 years in
a variety of conditions arising from changes in the international environment and the
position of China and Cuba in the context of the international relations.
On the Adoption of Empirical Methods and Systematic Reviews in the Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Authors: Cortés Mariela I. , Freire Sávio , Alves Lucas Vieira , Chagas Matheus Lima , Barbosa Marx Haron , Damasceno Adson , Ferreira Andressa , Gama Eliakim , Moraes José Paulo Rodrigues
Published: November 2021

Context: Empirical studies (ES) and systematic reviews (SR) play an essential role in the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) field as its focus is on evaluating the end-user and usability of software solutions and synthesizing the evidence found by the HCI community. Even though the adoption of empirical evaluation techniques and SR has gained popularity in recent years, the consistent use of a methodology is still maturing. Goal: This study aims to provide a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the current status of ES and SR presented in the research papers published at the proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems (IHC Symposium). Method: We conduct an empirical study on the papers over the 18 editions in the IHC Symposium to answer four research questions. Our study proposes a protocol to identify and assess ES and SR reported in the papers published at the IHC Symposium. Results: From the sample of 259 studies, we find 131 ES and SR (~51%). We have characterized and categorized the ES into case studies, experiments, and surveys. Further, we found evidence that these studies' quantity and quality have been increased over the IHC Symposium editions, and almost half of these studies give detailed information making possible their replication. Conclusion: We hope that each study's characterization can support the conduction of new ES and SR by the HCI Brazilian community, producing more reliable results and reducing or eliminating biases.
Desenvolvimento e Avaliação de uma Ferramenta Interativa Baseada em Exemplos para o Aprendizado de Modelagem de Sistemas Usando Redes de Petri
Authors: Lima John Wesley Soares de , Pontual Falcão Taciana , Andrade Ermeson
Published: November 2021

Os sistemas computacionais têm se tornado cada vez mais complexos e isso tem demandado o desenvolvimento de técnicas que garantam certas características, como alta disponibilidade e baixo custo. Assim, o interesse pela utilização de modelos computacionais tem aumentado nos últimos anos, visto que eles podem ser usados em situações em que é muito caro e até mesmo impossível testar ou medir as diversas características dos sistemas computacionais (ex.: disponibilidade ou confiança). No entanto, um grande desafio no uso de tais modelos é o seu entendimento, visto que não são intuitivos e requerem um considerável esforço de aprendizado da notação utilizada. Muitas vezes, abordagem de ensino expositivo em sala de aula, nos cursos da área de computação, é insuficiente para garantir a aprendizagem de modelagem computacional. Ferramentas educativas interativas baseadas em exemplos podem auxiliar a aprendizagem por meio de exercício e prática. Este trabalho aborda o desenvolvimento e avaliação da TryRdP, uma ferramenta web gratuita, interativa e baseada em exemplos para auxiliar na aprendizagem de modelagem computacional usando Redes de Petri (RdP), um conteúdo que integra currículos de cursos de ciência da computação, engenharia da computação e afins. As RdP são formalismos matemáticos largamente usados para modelar, analisar e projetar sistemas diversos, entre eles, sistemas computacionais. Para avaliar a eficácia da ferramenta, foram realizados experimentos com alunos e professores de cursos superiores de computação, investigando a usabilidade e a utilidade da ferramenta no apoio ao aprendizado de modelagem computacional. De forma geral, os resultados indicam que a ferramenta atende aos principais requisitos de usabilidade e foi bem avaliada em termos de sua aplicação didático-pedagógica.