bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validating the performance of organ dysfunction scores in children with infection: A cohort study
Authors: Li Shaojun , Tan Tao , Li Jing , Li Hongdong , Zhou Liang , Bai Ke , Xiao Li , Xu Ximing , Tan Liping
Published: July 2024

Purpose

We aimed to validate the performance of six available scoring models for predicting hospital mortality in children with suspected or confirmed infections.

Methods

This single-center retrospective cohort study included pediatric patients admitted to the PICU for infection. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. The six scores included the age-adapted pSOFA score, SIRS score, PELOD2 score, Sepsis-2 score, qSOFA score, and PMODS.

Results

Of the 5,356 children admitted to the PICU, 9.1% (488) died, and 25.1% (1,342) had basic disease with a mortality rate of 12.7% (171); 65.3% (3,499) of the patients were younger than 2 years, and 59.4% (3,183) were male. The discrimination abilities of the pSOFA and PELOD2 scores were superior to those of the other models. The calibration curves of the pSOFA and PELOD2 scores were consistent between the predictions and observations. Elevated lactate levels were a risk factor for mortality.

Conclusion

The pSOFA and PELOD2 scores had superior predictive performance for mortality. Given the relative unavailability of items and clinical operability, the pSOFA score should be recommended as an optimal tool for acute organ dysfunction in pediatric sepsis patients. Elevated lactate levels are related to a greater risk of death from infection in children in the PICU.
Use of the perceptual point-spread function to assess dysphotopsias
Authors: Petelczyc Krzysztof , Bolek Jan , Kakarenko Karol , Krix-Jachym Karolina , Kołodziejczyk Andrzej , Rękas Marek
Published: July 2024

Nowadays many patients are choosing EDOF or multifocal lenses for replacement of natural lens in cataract surgery. This can result in issues such as presence of dysphotopsias, namely halo and glare. In this work, we propose a new perimetry method to describe dysphotopsias in far-field region in a presence of bright, point-like light source. We constructed a custom device and designed measurement procedure for quantitative measurement of dysphotopias in the center of visual field and used it to examine patients with mild cataracts or implanted IOLs. Our approach may help in establishing an objective method to study and compare dysphotopsias.
Targeted vibratory therapy as a treatment for proprioceptive dysfunction: Clinical trial in older patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: Sakai Yoshihito , Morita Yoshifumi , Kawai Keitaro , Fukuhara Jo , Ito Tadashi , Yamazaki Kazunori , Watanabe Tsuyoshi , Wakao Norimitsu , Matsui Hiroki
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Proprioceptive function declines with age, leading to falls, pain, and difficulties in performing activities of daily living among older adults. Although individuals with low back pain (LBP) exhibit decreased lumbosacral proprioception in various postures, the mechanism by which reduced proprioceptive function causes LBP remains uncertain. Vibratory stimulation may enhance proprioceptive function; however, its efficacy in treating LBP has not been investigated. Thus, we investigated the feasibility of improving proprioceptive function and its effect on alleviating chronic LBP in older patients through targeted vibratory therapy (TVT) administration.

Methods

This single arm designed trial included older patients aged >65 years with non-specific chronic LBP. TVT involved applying vibratory stimulation, matching the frequency of dysfunctional receptors, for 1 min daily over 14 days to activate proprioceptors; patients performed TVT three times daily at home. In cases of reduced proprioceptive function at multiple sites, TVT was aimed at the lowest frequency band value. LBP and proprioceptive function were evaluated at 2 weeks after TVT and at 2 weeks after the end of TVT in patients with declined proprioception in the trunk or lower extremities.

Results

Overall, 56 patients with chronic LBP were enrolled; 32 patients were recruited for treatment based on a proprioceptive dysfunction diagnosis and 24 patients were recruited with a normal diagnosis with no significant differences observed between the two sets of patients in sarcopenia-related factors and clinical proprioception-related characteristics. No patient had any adverse events. Two weeks after TVT, the numerical pain rating scale score improved to <3 points in 78.1% of patients, with 73.1% of patients achieving a score of ≤ 3 points. Proprioceptive function improved in 81.3% of cases, and engagement in activities of daily living improved significantly.

Conclusions

TVT demonstrated efficacy in improving proprioception and alleviating LBP in older patients with impaired proprioceptive function without affecting non-targeted proprioceptors.
A cross-sectional study of physicians on fluoride-related beliefs and practices, and experiences with fluoride-hesitant caregivers
Authors: Bass Tiffany , Hill Courtney M. , Cully Jennifer L. , Li Sophie R. , Chi Donald L.
Published: July 2024

The goal of this study was to describe medical providers’ fluoride-related beliefs and practices, experiences with fluoride-hesitant caregivers, and barriers to incorporating oral health activities into their practice. In this cross-sectional study, we specifically tested the hypothesis of whether these factors differed between pediatric and family medicine providers. A 39-item online survey was administered to a convenience sample of pediatric and family medicine providers in Washington state and Ohio (U.S.A.). Responses to the fluoride survey were compared between pediatric and family medicine providers with a chi-square test (α = 0.05). Of the 354 study participants, 45% were pediatric providers and 55% were family medicine providers. About 61.9% of providers believed fluoridated water was highly effective at preventing tooth decay while only 29.1% believed prescription fluoride supplements were highly effective. Nearly all providers recommend over-the-counter fluoride toothpaste (87.3%), 44.1% apply topical fluoride in clinic, and 30.8% prescribe fluoride supplements. Most providers reported fluoride hesitancy was a small problem or not a problem (82.5%) and the most common concerns patients raise about fluoride were similar to those raised about vaccines. Lack of time was the most commonly reported barrier to incorporating oral health into practice, which was more commonly reported by family medicine providers than pediatric providers (65.6% vs. 50.3%; p = .005). Pediatric and family medicine providers have early and frequent access to children before children visit a dentist. Improving the use of fluorides through children’s medical visits could improve pediatric oral health and reduce oral health inequities, especially for vulnerable populations at increased risk for tooth decay.
A brief but comprehensive three-item social connectedness screener for use in social risk assessment tools
Authors: Gordon Nancy P. , Stiefel Matthiew C.
Published: July 2024

Background

The 2014 IOM report “Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains and Measures in Electronic Health Records” described three subdomains of social relationships that affect patient health and well-being. However, most social risk screeners currently assess only one subdomain, frequency of social connections. We are proposing a three-item Brief Social Connectedness (SC) screener that additionally assesses risks in social/emotional support and loneliness/social isolation subdomains.

Methods

For this cross-sectional study, we used data from a 2021 Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) social risk survey for 2244 members ages 35–85 years. The survey included three validated questions that covered the SC subdomains (frequencies of social contacts with people they care about, feeling lonely/socially isolated, and getting enough social/emotional support). Variables representing moderate/high versus low risk were created for each subdomain. We used weighted data for bivariate analyses and modified log-Poisson regression models that adjusted for age, sex, race, and ethnicity to examine cross-sectional associations among the three subdomain risks, as well as with two structural SC risks, living alone and not being in a committed relationship. We then used modified log-Poisson regression models to study cross-sectional associations of these five SC variables with three single-item self-report measures of emotional health.

Results

In regression models that included all five SC variables, loneliness/social isolation and social/emotional support risks were significantly associated with all three emotional health measures, while frequency of social contacts, living alone, and no committed relationship were not. However, low frequency of social contacts and no committed relationship significantly increased risk of often feeling lonely/socially isolated and lacking in social/emotional support.

Conclusions

A three-item social connectedness screener that assessed risks of loneliness/social isolation, inadequate social/emotional support, and low frequency of social contacts provided more comprehensive information about emotional health risks than social connection frequency alone.
Association between body mass index and atopic dermatitis among adolescents: Findings from a national cross-sectional study in Korea
Authors: Lim Jae Hyeok , Jang Yun Seo , Kim Dan Bi , Jang Suk-Yong , Park Eun-Cheol
Published: July 2024

Background

The association between atopic dermatitis and childhood overweight and obesity has been studied extensively, but the results are inconclusive; most studies have focused on body mass index as a measure of obesity, with few investigating the relationship with underweight. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between body mass index levels and atopic dermatitis in Korean adolescents.

Methods

3-year (2019–2021) of Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were used. Body mass index was used to measure obesity and a recent diagnosis within the past year was used as the criterion for atopic dermatitis. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the associations. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Results

A total of 144,183 adolescents aged 12–18 years were included in this study (74,704 males and 69,479 females). Over the past year, 5.4% of males and 7.3% of females were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis in the study population. Adolescents with normal weight (males [OR: 1.19, CI: 1.02–1.38]; females [OR: 1.26, CI: 1.10–1.43]) and overweight (males [OR: 1.37, CI: 1.16–1.61]; females [OR: 1.37, CI: 1.19–1.58]) were more likely to develop atopic dermatitis than underweight.

Conclusion

Increased degree of obesity may contribute to the development of atopic dermatitis. The normal-weight and obese adolescents had higher likelihood of developing atopic dermatitis compared with the underweight adolescents.
The Political Economy of Academic Freedom
Authors: Bjørnskov Christian
Published: July 2024

This paper surveys the empirical literature on causes and consequences of academic freedom that has grown up since the release of new data in 2020. The literature suggests that democracy and multi-party politics contribute to more academic freedom. However, declines in academic freedom may predict autocratisation. In addition, the literature shows that academic freedom contributes to better research, innovation and productivity growth.
Taxonomy, hosts, and distribution of an emerging invasive mealybug, Phenacoccus miruku (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae), in Florida
Authors: Powell Erin C. , Deeter Lily A. , Moore Matthew R. , Ahmed Muhammad Z. , Miller Douglass R.
Published: July 2024

An invasive mealybug (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) was first detected and identified in Florida in 2019 as Phenacoccus sisymbriifolium Granara de Willink. This species was described from Uruguay in 2007 on Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam. (Solanaceae) and Florida specimens largely matched the description. However, new morphological and molecular evidence supports that this species is Phenacoccus miruku Tanaka & Choi, recently described from Japan in 2022. P. miruku is presumed Neotropical or Nearctic in origin and invasive in Japan. We discuss the issues around the taxonomic identities of these species and for each give diagnoses. An available list of host plants, a current distribution map, notes on ecological associates, images of live specimens in the field, and a key to the species of Phenacoccus in Florida also are provided. Since its detection, this mealybug has been widely found throughout 20 Florida counties with a continuously expanding host list. It is currently most common on roadside weeds such as Bidens alba (L.) DC. and Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (Asteraceae) but it has recently been identified on cultivated crops such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), naranjilla (Solanum quitoense Lam.), peppers (Capsicum L.) (Solanaceae), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) (Convolvulaceae). This paper serves to provide information on this emerging mealybug pest, give resources for its identification, and facilitate detection and management.
Exploring entry pathways towards nurse practitioner program admissions: a rapid review
Authors: Lownie Clara J. , Vaccarello Amanda M. , Kennedy Erin
Published: July 2024

Objectives

This rapid review provides an overview of the current landscape of, and the criteria used for admission into nurse practitioner programs.

Methods

A series of application and admission criteria were collected from nurse practitioner programs in Canada, the United States of America (USA) and Australia. Key descriptive statistics and indicators were analyzed.

Results

Most programs in the USA and Canada required a minimum grade point average (GPA) between 3.00 and 3.24, while Australian programs did not identify minimum GPA requirements. Contrastingly, Australian programs required the highest minimum clinical practice hours. Many North American programs required writing samples, while Australian programs did not.

Conclusions

Despite role similarity, nurse practitioner admission criteria differ substantially between Canada, the USA and Australia, hindering standardization and integration of the role globally.
Early detection of cardiovascular risk markers through non-invasive ultrasound methodologies in periodontitis patients
Authors: Nicolosi Giada , Donzella Martina , Polizzi Alessandro , Angjelova Angela , Santonocito Simona , Zanoli Luca , Annunziata Marco , Isola Gaetano
Published: July 2024

Objectives

This narrative review aims to update the current evidence and offer insight into the new non-invasive ultrasound techniques used to early identify degenerative vascular changes in subjects with periodontitis and to investigate if these methodologies could be useful to identify subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) dysfunction in periodontitis patients and to monitor changes in CVD risk after periodontal treatment.

Methods

Studies examining the assessment of vascular endothelial function through the latest methodologies were analyzed. Systematic reviews, observational studies, and clinical trials in the English language were identified using PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases with key search terms such as “periodontitis,” “endothelial dysfunction (ED),” “arterial stiffness,” and “periodontal therapy.”

Results

Several mechanisms are involved in the association between periodontitis and CVD. The key players are periodontal bacteria and their toxins, which can enter the circulation and infiltrate blood vessel walls. The increase in proinflammatory molecules such as interleukins and chemokines, c-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and oxidative stress also plays a decisive role. In addition, an increase in parameters of ED, arterial stiffness, and atherosclerosis, such as carotid intima-media thickness, pulse wave velocity, and flow-mediated dilatation, has been shown in periodontal patients.

Conclusions

The literature today agrees on the association of periodontitis and CVD and the positive role of periodontal therapy on systemic inflammatory indices and cardiovascular outcomes. Hopefully, these non-invasive methodologies could be extended to periodontal patients to provide a comprehensive understanding of the CVD-periodontitis link from the perspective of a personalized medicine approach in periodontology.
A brief investigation on the prospective of co-composted biochar as a fertilizer for Zucchini plants cultivated in arid sandy soil
Authors: Mohamed Ibrahim , Farid Ihab M. , Siam Hanan S. , Abbas Mohamed H. H. , Tolba Mona , Mahmoud Safaa A. , Abbas Hassan H. , Abdelhafez Ahmed A. , Elkelish Amr , Scopa Antonio , Drosos Marios , AbdelRahman Mohamed A. E. , Bassouny Mohamed A.
Published: July 2024

Compost is commonly utilized to improve properties of infertile sandy soils, despite its high biodegradability which may increase greenhouse gases emissions. It is possible to combine compost with biochar, which degrades at a slower rate, forming a “co-composted biochar” product. This mixture could enhance plant growth parameters beyond those attained for using each component, individually. To investigate this assumption, zucchini was selected as a test plant to be grown, under greenhouse conditions, on a sandy soil that received biochar, compost or co-composted biochar (from rice straw or sugarcane bagasse (SB)) for a duration of 15 days. This timeframe was deemed sufficient to achieve a relatively stable degradation rate for compost. Application of organic materials increased both fresh and dry weights of zucchini plants, particularly when co-composted biochar of SB was used. Specifically, plant fresh weights increased by 1.24–1.71 folds when using this additive versus the control group. Additionally, availability of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in soil and their uptake by plants significantly increased owing to application of all additives, with superiority for the co-composted biochar of SB. Enhancements in plant fresh weights were strongly correlated with increasing availability and uptake of phosphorus by plants. In conclusion, organic amendments have a substantial positive impact on enhancing the nutritional status and growth of zucchini, even during the early vegetative growth stage (within the first 15 days after planting). The greatest improvements were observed when co-composted biochar of SB was used and this confirm the main hypothesis of the study.
OPTIMISING INFORMATION TRANSFER FOR ENHANCED EFFICIENCY IN PARTIAL CARGO TRANSPORT
Authors: Lunienė Daiva , Černikovaitė Miglė
Published: July 2024

A popular area of logistics nowadays is partial cargo transportation. During the assembly of cargo, you need accurate information about the load, and to be able to assess the dimensions, weight and space. This determines the quality of the service provided for road transport partial loads, and a high level of customer confidence. The demand for freight is high, and so is the need to improve freight transport technology and the way information is transmitted, and to find the most appropriate and fastest solutions for transporting freight. Partial loads can be used to transport small loads, resulting in faster freight movement, time savings for the customer, and better quality results in terms of work. The objective of the quantitative approach was to identify gaps in information transfer in part load companies. Improved transfer of information would lead to better targeting and faster loading. Technological improvements in logistics relating to information transfer will facilitate the work of managers and improve the quality of the part load service. A specific request form, where the customer can specify the weight, size and width of the part loads, would avoid additional questions for managers.
Applying a Kano-FAST integration approach to design requirements for auditorium chairs
Authors: Wang Qian , Chen Yushu
Published: July 2024

The design of auditorium chairs can directly reflect the image of public spaces. At present, the development of public furniture is relatively slow compared to household and office furniture. The design of auditorium chairs on the market is severely homogenized, relying on past experience and lacking scientific guidance. In order to create a better indoor public activity environment for users, from the perspective of user needs, first of all, 21 user needs for auditorium chairs were obtained through semi-structured interviews. Then, the Kano model was used to determine the attribute positioning of each demand. Finally, the FAST method was used to transform user demands into functions, assisting in the design optimization of hall chairs and promoting the future development of public furniture. The results indicate that the design of auditorium chairs must meet safety and stability, and the comfort and rechargeability of the seats are the most important needs of users. In the future, the functional design of auditorium chairs also needs to consider intelligent applications. The study applies a Kano-FAST integration method to the design innovation of auditorium chairs, providing data support for the development of furniture enterprise auditorium chairs and promoting product upgrading and optimization.
The influence of modifiers, alloying with copper and nickel on the structure, mechanical and performance properties of pearlitic ductile iron
Authors: Bublikov V.B. , Bachynskyi Yu.D. , Nesteruk O.P. , Berchuk D.M. , Yasynska O.O. , Yasynskyi O.O. , Ovsiannykov V.O.
Published: July 2024

Ductile cast irons with a pearlitic metal base are widely used in manufacture of a large range of highly-load machine parts. World leaders in the field of ductile cast iron are successfully manufacturing parts from new grades of pearlitic ductile cast irons, which have a 2-5 times higher minimum relative elongation A, compared to the requirements of current Ukrainian standards. Traditional manufacturing technologies of such cast irons require the use of expensive alloying elements (like nickel and/or copper) in the charge and mandatory energy-intensive heat treatment. The article provides comparative data on the effect of modifying with two types of magnesium-containing master alloys (named ferrosilicon-magnesium-calcium FeSi45Mg7Ca4 and nickel-magnesium NiMg15), on the ductile cast irons structure formation and mechanical properties in the as-cast state and after normalizing heat treatment. The obtained results indicate that usage of developed process of original melt modifying and refining with ferrosilicon-magnesium-calcium master alloy FeSi45Mg7Ca4 instead of modifying with nickel-magnesium master alloy NiMg15 and ferrosilicon FeSi75 is a promising and effective way of pearlitic ductile cast iron with increased technological and mechanical properties production at lower energy consumption for castings heat treatment. The developed technology of pearlitic ductile cast iron with Cu = 0.85-1.15 %wt. obtaining via modifying with ferrosilicon-magnesium-calcium master alloy allows to obtain parts with high mechanical properties: tensile strength Rm = 920-952 MPa, relative elongation A = 6,0-8.0 % and 60 % higher cyclic strength compared to nickel-magnesium master alloy using. This shows the possibility to increase the mechanical properties and cyclic durability in parts significantly without introducing of expensive nickel into the ductile cast iron composition. Usage of the melt modifying process with ferrosilicon-magnesium-calcium master alloy instead of modifying with nickel-magnesium master alloy and ferrosilicon doesn’t increase the level of defects in castings and doesn’t create its specific types.
ВЛАСТИВОСТІ КОМПОЗИЦІЙНОГО ВОДОВУГІЛЬНОГО ПАЛИВА, СТАБІЛІЗОВАНОГО ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ ВУГЛЕЦЕВОГО СУБМІКРОННОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ ТА АМІНОСПИРТІВ
Authors: Кліщенко Роман Е.
Published: July 2024

Композиційне водовугільне паливо (КВП) є реальною альтернативою не тільки твердому вугіллю, але може слугувати замінником мазуту та дизельного палива. Проблемою комбінованих систем є низька стабільність та неоднорідність розподілу частинок вугілля, що призводить до зростання в’язкості дисперсних систем, тому для регулювання реологічних властивостей та стабілізації КВП застосовують добавки хімічних реагентів (диспергаторів, пластифікаторів, стабілізаторів). Мета роботи полягала у вивченні можливості стабілізації композиційного водовугільного палива за допомогою добавок вуглецевого субмікронного матеріалу, отриманого шляхом плазмохімічної конверсії органовмісних стічних вод, та аміноспиртів. Досліджено системи на основі вугілля марки G з концентрацією твердої фази 61 %. У якості аміноспиртів застосовували 2-аміно-2-метил-1-пропанол (АМР) та 2-аміно-2-етил-1,3-пропандіол (AEPD). Аміноспирти додавали до КВП у концентраціях 0.05; 0.1; 0.15 та 0.2 % на масу КВП. Встановлено, що ξ – потенціал частинок вугілля марки G у присутності аміноспиртів становить за абсолютною величиною 40–45 мВ.. Отримані КВП демонструють псевдопластичний тип течії у діапазоні швидкостей зсуву 0–80 с-1. Введення високодисперсного карбону веде до зростання ефективної в’язкості систем і може бути рекомендоване для регулювання плинності КВП. Седиментаційна стійкість в присутності добавок високодисперсного карбону та аміноспиртів зростає з 5–6 до 10–14 діб, тобто практично вдвічі.
ВПЛИВ ФЕРМЕНТНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ТА АКТИВАТОРІВ РОСТУ ДРІЖДЖІВ У ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ СПИРТОВОЇ БРАЖКИ
Authors: Прибильський Віталій Л. , Куц Анатолій М. , Боярчук Ярослав А. , Дулька Ольга С.
Published: July 2024

У статті наведено характеристику ферментних препаратів та активаторів росту дріжджів, що використовуються у технологіях спиртової галузі харчової промисловості Визначено, що збитки галузі пов’язані із втратою ринків реалізації готової продукції, тіньовими схемами, низьким рівнем впровадження інноваційних технологій та ін. Визначено, що з початком приватизації галузі перед підприємцями постають завдання, які пов’язані із зниженням втрат матеріальних ресурсів та енергетичних витрат. Досліджено вплив зародку кукурудзи, що містить речовини, які перешкоджають гідролізу крохмалю та подальшій ферментації у етиловий спирт та на вихід готової продукції. Обґрунтовано доцільність видалення зародку кукурудзи із вихідного зерна у технології етилового спирту. Доведено перспективність використання сусла підвищеної концентрації із використанням ферментних препаратів та сухих дріжджів для ферментативного гідролізу із зброджуванням сусла різних концентрацій. Встановлено можливість використання сухих дріжджів із вмістом сухих речовин у суслі 24…28 % за температури 30…35 °C. Визначено ефективність виробництва спирту та кормових продуктів із використанням барди. Наведено результати досліджень використання стимуляторів росту дріжджів за високої концентрації сухих речовин сусла. Визначено вплив ферментних препаратів, сухих спиртових дріжджів та активаторів росту із використанням як сировини кукурудзи на технологічні показники. Доведено, що використання запропонованих ферментних препаратів із використанням різних рас дріжджів та активаторів їх росту підвищує рентабельність та вихід спирту, забезпечує ефективне зброджування сусла високих концентрацій.
ПЕРЕРОБКА ЛОМУ W-Ni-Fe З ОТРИМАННЯМ ПОРОШКОВОГО ВОЛЬФРАМУ
Authors: Скнар Юрій Є. , Кожура Олег В. , Скнар Ірина В. , Коток Валерій А. , Бутиріна Тетяна Є. , Кузнецов Микола О.
Published: July 2024

Робота присвячена актуальній темі переробки лому стратегічного сплаву W-Ni-Fe, який використовується у виробництві бронебійних снарядів. Рециклінгове використання вольфраму та інших компонентів сплаву вирішує проблему дефіциту і дорогоцінності цих металів. У даній роботі досліджено вплив концентрації хлоридної кислоти і гідроген пероксиду, як компонентів розчину вилуговування, на ступінь вилуговування зв’язуючої фази. Встановлено, що збільшення концентрації обох компонентів призводить до збільшення швидкості як процесу вилуговування, так і перебігу побічних процесів, які призводять до нецільової витрати реагентів. Результати проведених експериментальних досліджень свідчать, що найбільш ефективним є використання хлоридної кислоти концентрацією 2 моль/л та гідроген пероксиду концентрацією 2 моль/л. Проблема каталітичного розкладання гідроген пероксиду вирішується за рахунок проведення процесу вилуговування за низької температури (близько –5 °С). Запропоновано нову методику вилуговування сплаву W-Ni-Fe з отриманням високоякісного порошку вольфраму. Інтенсифікація процесу досягається організацією вилуговування в умовах самопомелу з безперервним механічним оновленням поверхні, яка контактує з кислотно-окиснювальним розчином вилуговування.
УЗАГАЛЬНЕНА МОДЕЛЬ ТЕПЛООБМІНУ МІЖ ТВЕРДОЮ СТІНКОЮ І СУБЛІМУЮЧИМ АБО ТАНУЧИМ ХОЛОДОАГЕНТОМ
Authors: Кравченко Михайло Б.
Published: July 2024

Теплообмінні апарати, в яких присутні холодоагенти, що сублімують чи плавляться, давно використовуються в низькотемпературній техніці. Незважаючи на довгу історію використання подібних холодоагентів, досі не існувало зручних і надійних методів проектування теплообмінних апаратів в яких тепло підводиться до холодоагенту, що сублімує чи плавляться. В статті запропоновано просту й універсальну математичну модель процесу теплопередачі від стінки теплообмінного апарату до холодоагенту, який сублімує чи плавиться. Аналіз цієї моделі дозволив розробити систему безрозмірних критеріїв і запропонувати відповідні критеріальні рівняння, які можуть описувати широке коло процесів, пов’язаних із плавленням або сублімацією холодоагенту на робочій поверхні. Порівняння експериментальних і розрахункових даних показує хороший збіг результатів. Отримані рівняння можуть бути використані для вдосконалення конструкції теплообмінних апаратів в яких використовуються холодоагенти, що сублімують чи плавляться.
Fizyoterapistlerde rehabilitasyon esnasında maske kullanımının vital bulgular, yorgunluk, ağrı ve konuşma üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi
Authors: Doğru Hüzmeli Esra , Tuğral Yağmur , Canbay Gökçek Özden , Lekesiz Eren , Ceyhan Abdullah Furkan , Özdil Emine , Çiçek Dilara , Dağlı Okan , Abay Büşra , Atılgan Mehmet Şerif , Çiçek İlkan , Sağlam Nilhan , Dardan İbrahim , Çiçekli Fırat , Başlıoğlu Aycan , Sürmelioğlu Mert , Sd Shahanawaz
Published: July 2024

Amaç: COVID-19 pandemisinden sonra yaygın olarak halk tarafından kullanılmaya başlanılan maskenin istirahat esnasında kullanımının bireyleri çok rahatsız etmediği ancak fiziksel efor harcanan iş esnasında maske tolerasyonunun düşük olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda fiziksel olarak aktif bir şekilde mesleğini icra eden fizyoterapistlerin rehabilitasyon seansı esnasında maske kullanımına bağlı ağrı, vital bulgular, yorgunluk gibi faktörler üzerine etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.
Yöntem: Çalışmada bireylerin ilk değerlendirmelerinden sonra ara vermeden gerçekleştirdikleri 45 dakikalık rehabilitasyon seansı sonunda ikinci değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Bireylerin kalp hızı, oksijen satürasyonu, kan basıncı, ağrı düzeyleri (Visuel Analog Skala ile (VAS)), dispne durumları (Modifiye Borg Ölçeği ile) değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 65’i kadın (%55,6), 52’si erkek (%44,4) olmak üzere 117 fizyoterapist katılmıştır. Solunum frekansı, VAS-Dispne, VAS-Baş ağrısı ve VAS-Kulak ağrısı sonuçlarında seans öncesine göre seans sonrasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur (p0,05).
Sonuç: Maske kullanımının fizyoterapistlerde kulak ve baş ağrısı ile dispne şikayetlerini arttırdığı, konuşma anlaşılırlığını olumsuz etkilediğinden dolayı iletişim sorunlarına sebep olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Bu sonuçların rehabilitasyon seansının başarısını olumsuz etkileyeceği düşünüldüğünden fizyoterapistlerin gerekli haller dışında maske kullanımını çok tercih etmemeleri gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.
OKUL ÇAGINDA YÜRÜYEBİLEN SPASTİK BİLATERAL SEREBRAL PALSİLİ ÇOCUKLARDA DENGE DURUMLARI KATILIM KISITLILIĞI İLE İLİŞKİLİ MİDİR?
Authors: Gergi Zana , Seyhan Bıyık Kübra , Günel Mintaze , Yazıcıoğlu Fatma Gül
Published: July 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma, yürüyebilen spastik bilateral serebral palsili (SP) çocuklarda katılım seviyeleri ile denge durumları arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma fonksiyonel denge performanslarını karşılaştırmak üzere kırk-üç spastik bilateral SP’li çocuk [ (seviye I; 18, ortalama yaşı; 8,90±0,73 (8-10 yıl), seviye II; 25, ortalama yaşı; 9,20±1,58 (6-12 yıl)] ile yirmi-altı tipik gelişen çocuğu [yaş ortalaması; 9,20±1,57 (6-12 yaş)] içerdi. SP’li çocuklar için mobilite Kaba Motor Fonksiyon Sınıflandırma Sistemine göre sınıflandırıldı. Fonksiyonel denge becerileri, SP’li çocuklar ve tipik gelişenlerde Pediatrik Denge Skalası, Süreli Kalk ve Yürü Testi ve 1 Dakika Yürüme Testi ile değerlendirildi. SP’li çocuklarda aktivite ve katılım seviyeleri Pediatrik Veri Toplama Aracı ile değerlendirildi. Gruplar arasındaki farkları belirlemek için Kruskall Wallis Testi uygulandı. Spearman Korelasyon Testi ise fonksiyonel denge, aktivite ve katılım arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Yürüyebilen spastik bilateral SP’li çocukların fonksiyonel denge becerileri, tipik gelişen çocuklardan daha düşüktü (p
Procedimiento administrativo sancionador y motivación de las resoluciones sancionadoras
Authors: Alfaro-Alvarado Alberto
Published: July 2024

El objeto del presente trabajo se centra en el estudio de la motivación de las resoluciones sancionadoras. Consideramos que es necesario su abordaje dado que en la actualidad aún existe ambigüedad sobre a qué le llamamos motivación, debido a que es abordado desde diferentes perspectivas que generan cierta indeterminación sobre la misma. El ordenamiento jurídico tampoco ha proporcionado herramientas suficientes para determinar esta situación y se limita a tratar la motivación como una exigencia, sin proporcionar elementos para cumplir con la misma. La jurisprudencia, tampoco ha arrojado suficientes luces para cumplir con las exigencias derivadas de la motivación. Así, se ha establecido que, sin perjuicio de su importancia, la motivación no obliga a una exposición detallada de las razones de la decisión, siendo suficiente una exposición sencilla y concisa de los motivos de la decisión. En las presentes líneas nos preguntaremos sobre a qué hacemos referencia con la motivación, asimismo, por qué es importante la misma y abordaremos lo concerniente a si es satisfactorio el estándar actual en materia de motivación de las resoluciones sancionadoras y si es necesario cambiar algo para un adecuado cumplimiento de las exigencias que derivan de la misma.
Vefeyat: İbrahim Ateş ve Sadi Bayram
Authors: Kurtoğlu Mehmet
Published: July 2024

Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğünde daire başkanlığı yapmış, aynı zamanda vakıf konusunda araştırmaları ve
kitapları bulunan İbrahim Ateş ile Sadi Bayram’ın vefatları üzerine kaleme alınmış olan bu vefeyat yazılarında
her ikisinin vakıf boyutu ve Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğündeki hizmetleri ele alınmıştır. Resim ve
belgelerle desteklenen yazıda Genel müdürlüğümüzdeki çalışmaları ile makaleleri, yayınlamış oldukları
eserleri ve bibliyograflarına yer verilmiştir.
Etiquetagem de eficiência energética de prédios públicos: estudo de caso da reitoria da UFSCar - São Carlos - SP
Authors: Pozzobon Eduardo Machry , Barreto Douglas
Published: July 2024

O setor de edificações é o 3º maior consumidor de energia, utilizando mais de 30% de toda a energia consumida no Brasil. Para incentivar a aplicação de medidas de eficiência energética em edificações, foram criadas certificações, como a Etiqueta Nacional de Conservação de Energia (ENCE), que avaliam o impacto destas medidas em uma edificação. A obtenção da Etiqueta Nacional de Conservação de Energia nível A é obrigatória para edifícios públicos federais novos. Este trabalho busca estudar um prédio público existente para buscar sua classificação, seguindo os métodos propostos pelos Requisitos Técnicos da Qualidade do Nível de Eficiência Energética de Edifícios Comerciais, de Serviços e Públicos (RTQ-C) e pela nova Instrução Normativa Inmetro para a Classificação de Eficiência Energética de Edificações Comerciais, de Serviços e Públicas (INI-C). Para isso, foi selecionado o edifício que abriga a Reitoria e Administração Central da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar). Os dados foram levantados in loco, ou obtidos de projetos e estudos anteriores. Foram utilizados o método prescritivo do RTQ-C e o método simplificado da INI-C. Na análise pelo RTQ-C, a edificação alcançou classificação B de eficiência. Já na análise da INI-C, obteve-se nível A de eficiência. São apresentadas possíveis medidas para aumento da eficiência energética da edificação. Este trabalho conclui, baseado na revisão bibliográfica e aplicação realizadas, que a substituição do RTQ-C pela INI-C foi adequada.
Yale Murine TMC - H&E staining following Phenocycler-Fusion Imaging v1
Authors: Nam Jungmin , Pathology Tissue Services Yale , Enninful Archibald
Published: July 2024

Flow cell removal after Phenocycler-Fusion imaging and following H&E staining steps from Yale Pathology Tissue Services (YPTS).
qPCR based multipathogen detection for SARS-CoV-2, CrAssphage and Hepatitis E virus from wastewater samples. v1
Authors: Abraham Dilip , Raghava Mohan Venkata
Published: July 2024

This protocol outlines the steps for detecting multiple viral gene targets for the pathogens SARS-CoV-2, CrAssphage and HEV using a qPCR assay. Total Nucleic Acid (TNA) extracted from environmental samples (wastewater) is used for testing. Key Steps and Considerations: qPCR Amplification Cycles: Follow the outlined cycling conditions for optimal amplification of target viral RNA. 2. Target Detection: Detect SARS-CoV-2 and HEV using specific primers and probes designed for these targets.
An ImageJ macro for the quantification of ciliary accessible cholesterol v1
Authors: V Nair Sreeja , Nikoloff Jonas , R Pfeffer Suzanne
Published: July 2024

ALOD4, a toxin-based probe, can be used to visualize the accessible pool of cholesterol (1). Here we describe an algorithm for segmenting fluorescently-labeled cilia using SSTR3 as a ciliary marker. The segmented masks are used to determine the intensity of ALOD4-bound accessible cholesterol in the ciliary membrane. The algorithm asks for a directory path and searches for .tif-files. Each identified .tif-file is cropped for a user defined region of interest (ROI) which must contain the cilia in the image series. Then the Z-stack is maximum intensity projected, the contrast of channel 1 (SSTR3-mApple, red) is optimized for visualization, and both channels are duplicated. The MorphoLibJ library helps to identify the SSTR3-positive cilia. SSTR3 signals are then thresholded, binarized, and intensity-corrected. A shape filter prevents false positive signals by preventing non-ciliary structures to be assigned as objects. The identified objects are applied onto the channel 2 signal (mNeon-ALOD4, green) and intensities are measured and saved. 1. Endapally S, Infante RE, Radhakrishnan A. Monitoring and Modulating Intracellular Cholesterol Trafficking Using ALOD4, a Cholesterol-Binding Protein. Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1949:153-163. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9136-5_12. PMID: 30790255; PMCID: PMC6459602.
La noción de la subjetividad en el concepto de la acción social y en el pensamiento narrativo
Authors: Hernández Salamanca Oscar Gilberto
Published: July 2024

El artículo presenta las raíces de la noción de la subjetividad en el concepto de acción social. Para ello se muestra la relación entre la noción de subjetividad en el trabajo de Weber y de Parsons con los trabajos contemporáneos sobre pensamiento narrativo. Al final se propone al pensamiento narrativo como una recopilación de acciones sociales.
Proyección y construcción de la identidad en los asentamientos de origen informal de la ciudad de Bogotá
Authors: Rodríguez Jerez Sergio Alejandro
Published: July 2024

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio realizado en asentamientos consolidados de origen informal de la ciudad de Bogotá, en la cual se analizó mediante un enfoque fenomenológico, la proyección y construcción de la identidad a través de la construcción de la vivienda. Se concluyó que existen diversos elementos constitutivos de la identidad que pueden ser analizados mediante los símbolos inmersos en los hogares de las personas. A su vez se logró argumentar la importancia de repensar las políticas de gestión urbana, en función del entendimiento del ser de las personas que están inmersas en los diversos fenómenos que componen una realidad social.
La psicología de la educación en Argentina. Raíces, desarrollos y perspectivas
Authors: Roselli Néstor
Published: July 2024

La Psicología de la Educación en Argentina tiene algunos rasgos evolutivos y estructurales comunes a otros países latinoamericanos y europeos, pero otras características le son propias, determinadas por factores históricos particulares. En la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, el positivismo impregnó no sólo a la psicología, sino también a la pedagogía. Luego de un período de reacción fenomenológica y gestaltista, en la década de los 50 irrumpió con fuerza el psicoanálisis, el que impuso un encuadre clínico y psicodinámico del hecho educativo. También la psicología genética apareció en el escenario. Pero el cambio más radical se produjo a fines de los 60 y en los 70, con la denuncia neo-marxista
del sistema de opresión del Estado desde la educación. En los 90 se expandió la reforma educativa, con un tinte tecnocrático, apuntando al eficientismo y a la calidad educativa. El trabajo analiza los tópicos más salientes de esta re-constitución de su identidad.
Diseminación
Authors: Ramírez G Carlos Arturo
Published: July 2024

El texto expone el concepto de diseminación, en el sentido de expresar y transmitir desde la
parreshíao decir verdadero. Explora diferentes tendencias y modalidades comprometidas en dicha transmisión, tanto en aspectos positivos como negativos, tomando como referencia algunos conceptos de Michel Foucault y Ken Wilber. Finalmente, propone la posición del transtópico como un jugador existencial que decide diseminar sus experiencias, actitudes y discursos, valiéndose de múltiples recursos y caminos, mediante los cuales, en momentos afortunados, encuentra con otros, la alegría.
Proposta de um modelo teórico entre dinâmica interna familiar e a conduta desviante em jovens brasileiros
Authors: Formiga Nilton S , Aguiar Amanda V. V. S. , Ribeiro Ayla D. C. , Pires Rebeca C. M.
Published: July 2024

A dinâmica familiar é importante para o desenvolvimento do jovem. Apesar da fissura psicossocial que se tem sobre essa dinâmica, ainda se acredita que a família é importante no processo de intervenção e inibição das condutas desviantes. 367 homens e mulheres, da rede escolar da cidade de João Pessoa – PB, de 12 aos 18 anos responderam as Escalas sobre a valoração Interna da família. No programa AMOS GRAFICS 21.0, comprou-se um modelo que, além de existir uma associação positiva entre afiliação com os pares sócio-normativos, valoração familiar e o estilo parental, estes, explicaram, negativamente, a conduta desviante. Isto é, quanto maior for o investimento em tal dinâmica menor probabilidade terá o jovem de desviar socialmente.
La interdisciplinariedad de las ciencias sociales en la formación investigativa
Authors: Parra Hinojosa Sandra
Published: July 2024

Reflexiones acerca de la importancia de la interdisciplinariedad en los procesos de investigación de la fisioterapia con las ciencias sociales a partir de una experiencia en investigación formativa, en dicha área disciplinar, en relación al diseño de una capacitación en psicoprofilaxis para un grupo de parteras afrodescendientes de Buenaventura, premiada por ASCOFI.
Quais as consequências da aprovação do novo arcabouço fiscal para o SUS?
Authors: Cunha Jarbas Ricardo Almeida
Published: July 2024

What are the implications of the approval of the new fiscal framework for the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS)? This question is the focus this editorial, which, based on economic studies and federal regulations, reflects the need to approve a fiscal framework consistent with the project of a universal health system, not ignoring the historical context of structural underfunding of the SUS given its principles, objectives and guidelines systematized in Brazilian Federal Constitution.
Received: 26/05/23 | Accepted: 26/05/23
The path from theory to practice in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: July 2024

.
PRINCIPALS’ SERVANT LEADERSHIP PRACTICES AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR IMPROVED SCHOOL PERFORMANCE: FROM SOUTH AFRICAN FAITH-BASED SCHOOLS OF THE CHALLENGING CONTEXT
Authors: Shula Melese , Heystek Jan
Published: July 2024

There is a rich body of academic research focused on servant leadership practices and school performance in South African public and faith-based schools. However, there is a notable gap in research on how these principals deal with the challenges of accountability for quality academic performance in challenging contexts. Consequently, this article aims to explore principals’ experience of servant leadership and accountability for improved school performance in challenging contexts in faith-based schools and identify mechanisms such schools apply to deal with these challenges. The study applied a qualitative research method with a case study design. The target population comprised six principals who were purposefully and conveniently selected from faith-based schools operating in challenging contexts in three rural provinces of South Africa. The researchers collected data using semi-structured interviews and followed a thematic approach. Key findings of the study indicated that principals of faith-based schools while practicing servant leadership apply the following principles to enhance school performance: Promoting common vision, enhancing collaborative climate through teamwork, inculcating positive relationships among teams, and practicing integrity and credibility as core values. Furthermore, participants further indicated that through the practices of these mechanisms they are able to respond to the call for accountability demands in challenging contexts.  The findings further revealed that faith-based school principals of the challenging contexts sometimes find it difficult to keep the momentum due to absenteeism, teachers’ retention, and lack of community involvement.
THE ROLE OF SUPPORT GROUPS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL SKILLS IN THE SOCIAL WORK WITH FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN
Authors: Vēvere Undīne , Valdmane Edīte
Published: July 2024

In today's society, a person's ability to interact with society plays an important role - it depends on the social skills of each individual. This study reviews and cites several studies in Latvia and abroad, which indicate that families with children who lack knowledge and skills in raising children need to be educated, with special emphasis on the need to provide support as early as possible (early intervention) in order to prevent a significant lack of social skills in children in the future. The aim of this study is to investigate the social skills deficits of preschool children observed by social workers working with families with children, as well as the role and need for social skills support group activities in social work with families with children, by surveying social services in Latvian municipalities about the benefits of this social work method. The research uses theoretical and empirical research methods (structured questionnaire), data processing and analysis methods. The study concludes with findings on the causes of social skills gaps in families with children and the important role of support groups in social work with families with children in Latvia as an additional tool for social workers to help families with children integrate into society and develop these missing social skills.