bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Tubed PCNL And Tubeless PCNL: An Experience at the Institute of Kidney Diseases (IKD), Peshawar
Authors: Nawaz Ahmad , Sohail Muzzamil , Shah Sulaiman , Khan Muhammad Idrees , Ullah Amir
Published: February 2024

Background: Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has revolutionized the treatment of large renal and proximal ureteric stones, offering a minimally invasive alternative to open surgery. The introduction of tubeless PCNL, which omits the placement of a nephrostomy drainage tube, has generated discussion regarding its efficacy and safety compared to the traditional tubed PCNL.
Objective: This study aims to compare the outcomes of tubed versus tubeless PCNL in terms of post-operative complications, recovery time, and efficacy in stone removal.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 110 patients who underwent PCNL at the Institute of Kidney Disease, Peshawar, from January 2017 to December 2020. Patients were allocated into two groups, tubed PCNL (n=50) and tubeless PCNL (n=50), based on 1:1 sequential randomization. The inclusion criteria were ASA I and ASA II classification, age between 5 to 70 years, and single tract procedure with complete clearance without the need for a second look nephrostomy. Exclusion criteria included patients with a solitary kidney, active urinary tract infections, and congenital malformations. Data on age, gender, co-morbidities, history of ESWL, stone size, location, quantity, and post-operative outcomes were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results: No significant differences were found in patient demographics or stone characteristics between the two groups. The tubeless PCNL group demonstrated a significantly lower rate of post-operative ESWL sessions (4% vs. 22%, p=0.02) and a trend towards shorter hospital stays, although not statistically significant. The drop in hemoglobin levels post-operation was less in the tubeless group (0.84 ± 1.87 mg/dl) compared to the tubed group (1.56 ± 0.91 mg/dl), but this was not statistically significant (p=0.17).
Conclusion: Tubeless PCNL offers a viable alternative to traditional tubed PCNL, particularly for patients with smaller renal stones. It is associated with a lower need for post-operative ESWL sessions and potentially shorter hospital stays, suggesting an advantage in terms of recovery and post-operative comfort. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings and explore the long-term outcomes of the tubeless technique.
Comparative Analysis External Iliac or Internal Iliac Arteries as Graft Selection for Renal Transplantation: A Scientific Inquiry
Authors: Nawaz Ahmad , Ahmad Mushtaq , Sohail Muzzamil , Shah Sulaiman
Published: February 2024

Background: Renal transplantation is the definitive treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), offering improved quality of life and survival rates. The success of renal transplantation significantly depends on the surgical techniques employed, particularly the site of vascular anastomosis. While both external and internal iliac arteries are commonly used for this purpose, the impact of the choice between these two sites on transplant outcomes remains a subject of debate.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the early post-operative outcomes of renal transplantation between anastomoses performed to the external iliac artery and those to the internal iliac artery, to determine if one technique offers superior results over the other.
Methods: In a quasi-experimental study at the Institute of Kidney Diseases and Transplant, 50 patients with single-artery renal transplants, performed from January 2016 to July 2020, were divided into two groups based on the artery used for anastomosis: Group A (external iliac artery, n=25) and Group B (internal iliac artery, n=25). The study assessed various outcomes, including lymphocele formation, time to urine production, nadir serum creatinine levels, resistive index, hospital stay duration, and erectile function pre- and post-transplant, using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scoring system. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26.
Results: The incidence of lymphocele formation was significantly higher in Group B (3 cases) compared to Group A (1 case) (P=0.045). No significant differences were found in the mean time to urine production (Group A: 22.5 minutes, Group B: 15.4 minutes), mean nadir serum creatinine (Group A: 1.17 mg/dl, Group B: 1.31 mg/dl), or mean resistive index (Group A: 0.62, Group B: 0.63). The mean hospital stay and changes in erectile function scores pre- and post-transplant were also similar between the groups.
Conclusion: The choice between external and internal iliac artery anastomosis in renal transplantation does not significantly affect early post-operative outcomes, except for a higher risk of lymphocele formation with the internal iliac artery. These findings highlight the importance of surgical technique selection based on individual patient characteristics and suggest the need for further research to explore long-term outcomes.
Comparative Evaluation of Upper Pole and Non-Upper Pole Puncture Techniques in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): A Retrospective Analysis of Efficacy and Safety Parameters
Authors: Nawaz Ahmad , Shah Sulaiman , Sohail Muzzamil , Khan Muhammad Idrees , Ullah Amir
Published: February 2024

Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a critical intervention in the management of large renal calculi, with the choice of calyx puncture technique impacting the efficacy and safety of the procedure. While the upper pole approach is associated with better visualization and stone clearance, it is used with caution due to a perceived increase in complication rates.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the upper pole calyx puncture technique's efficacy and safety with that of the non-upper pole (middle and lower) puncture techniques in PCNL.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 173 patients who underwent PCNL at the Urology and Transplant Unit A of The Institute of Kidney Diseases in Peshawar from January 2017 to December 2020. Data on demographics, stone characteristics, perioperative findings, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Statistical significance was determined using Chi-square tests with SPSS version 25.
Results: The average stone size was 21.38 mm (±11.2 mm) overall, with the upper pole group presenting a smaller average size of 19.8 mm (±7.6 mm) compared to 21.55 mm (±10.8 mm) for the non-upper pole group (p=0.032). Pre-operative hemoglobin levels were slightly lower in the upper pole group (12.5 ± 1.8 mg/dl) than in the non-upper pole group (12.9 ± 1.8 mg/dl, p=0.007). Complete clearance rates were comparable between groups. Post-operative blood transfusion was required more frequently in the non-upper pole group (12.1%, n=12) versus the upper pole group (4.0%, n=3, p=0.04).
Conclusion: The upper pole approach in PCNL may afford a higher rate of stone clearance and reduced operative times with acceptable safety when compared to non-upper pole approaches. The selection of puncture technique should be tailored to individual patient anatomy and stone characteristics, with consideration given to the surgeon's experience and skill.
Evaluation and Management of Distal Clavicle Fracture in a Tertiary Care Hospital LRH, Peshawar
Authors: Qayyum Shah Fahad , Khan Hamza , Khan Azeem
Published: February 2024

Background: Distal clavicle fractures are common injuries, often resulting from high-impact traumas such as road traffic accidents (RTAs). The management of these fractures varies, with surgical intervention frequently deemed necessary for NEER type 2 fractures due to their instability and potential for nonunion.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and effectiveness of various management strategies for distal clavicle fractures, with a focus on understanding the impact of surgical versus conservative treatments on patient outcomes.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 70 patients presenting with distal clavicle fractures at a tertiary care center. The fractures were classified according to NEER's classification system, and the chosen management strategies were documented, including plating, K-wires, tension band wiring, and conservative treatment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine the frequency and percentage of each management approach and its outcomes.
Results: The majority of fractures were managed surgically (70%), with plating being the most common method (58.6%). NEER type 2A fractures were the most prevalent (28.6%), followed by type 1 and 2B (each at 18.6%). Conservative management was applied in 28.6% of cases. Surgical management, particularly plating, resulted in excellent functional outcomes and a lower complication rate compared to conservative treatment and other surgical techniques. K-wire fixation was associated with a 95.6% satisfaction rate, despite a 26% complication rate involving nonunion and hardware migration.
Conclusion: Surgical intervention, especially plating, is a highly effective management strategy for distal clavicle fractures, offering better functional outcomes and fewer complications compared to conservative treatment. The study emphasizes the need for a tailored approach to fracture management, prioritizing surgical options for NEER type 2 fractures to ensure optimal recovery.
Ocular Complication in Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis Patients
Authors: Karim Samina , Nazullah  , Irfan
Published: February 2024

Background: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic ocular allergic condition predominantly affecting the pediatric population. It is characterized by severe inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea, leading to a spectrum of complications if not adequately treated. The prevalence and impact of VKC vary geographically and demographically, necessitating region-specific investigations to understand its epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and outcomes.
Objective: The study aimed to investigate the distribution of VKC types among affected individuals in a specific region, identify the prevalence of associated ocular complications, and evaluate the demographic characteristics of the patient population.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted over an 8-month period, assessing 200 patients diagnosed with VKC at the outpatient department of ophthalmology in HMC Peshawar. Patients were included based on recurrent signs and symptoms of VKC, excluding those with other ocular conditions. A comprehensive ophthalmic examination was performed, encompassing uncorrected and corrected visual acuity tests, anterior slit lamp examination, fundus examination with a 78D lens, intraocular pressure measurement using a Goldman applanation tonometer, and keratometry. Corneal topography was conducted for suspected cases. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0, focusing on the distribution of VKC types, gender prevalence, and complication rates.
Results: The study revealed a significant male predominance (73%) among VKC patients, with the limbal type being the most common form of the condition (45%). Complications were observed in 21% of the patients, with irregular astigmatism (35.7%) and keratoconus (26.2%) being the most prevalent. The gender distribution and types of VKC highlighted the need for targeted clinical attention, especially considering the potential for serious complications such as corneal scarring, cataract, and glaucoma.
Conclusion: VKC remains a significant pediatric ocular health concern, with a marked male predominance and a high incidence of complications that can impact the quality of life. Early diagnosis, effective management, and regular follow-up are crucial to mitigate the risk of long-term visual impairment. The findings underscore the importance of awareness and education among healthcare providers and caregivers regarding the potential severity of VKC and the necessity for timely intervention.
The Prevalence of Neuromuscular and Musculoskeletal Complications among Diabetics
Authors: Rauf Wasifa , Azam Muzammal , Qamar Rida , Amjid Hamza , Ali Wajid , Ahkem Shahzaib , Anwar Uzma , Irfan Umama , Rafique Hira , Aslam Intsam
Published: February 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a global health concern that significantly impacts the quality of life due to its systemic and wide-ranging complications. Among these, neuromuscular and musculoskeletal disorders are increasingly recognized for their debilitating effects on individuals with chronic diabetes, contributing to decreased mobility, pain, and overall functional impairment.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal complications among chronic diabetic patients in Gujranwala and to elucidate the nature and frequency of these complications.
Methods: This observational cross-sectional study employed a non-probability convenient sampling technique to recruit 260 chronic diabetic patients from the District Head Quarters (DHQ) in Gujranwala. Inclusion criteria comprised both genders with a minimum diabetes duration of 10 years and the presence of chronic diabetes alongside neuromuscular and musculoskeletal complications. Exclusion criteria included patients with systemic diseases or any form of disability unrelated to diabetes. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire, focusing on demographic information and the presence of musculoskeletal disorders. SPSS version 25 was utilized for data analysis, presenting findings through descriptive statistics and bar charts.
Results: Among the participants, 63.08% were female and 36.92% male, with a significant portion (68.46%) having a positive family history of diabetes mellitus. The most prevalent musculoskeletal complications observed were adhesive capsulitis (77.31%), fibromyalgia and osteoarthritis (each affecting 60% of the patients), and flexor tenosynovitis (57.31%). Other noted complications included carpal tunnel syndrome, Dupuytren’s contracture, and peripheral neuropathies, highlighting a diverse range of musculoskeletal issues affecting the diabetic population.
Conclusion: The study underscores a high prevalence of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal complications among chronic diabetic patients, with adhesive capsulitis, fibromyalgia, and osteoarthritis being the most common. These findings highlight the need for healthcare professionals to adopt a multidisciplinary approach in managing diabetic patients, considering the significant impact of these complications on their quality of life.
Guardians of Immunity: Toll-Like Receptor Signalling in the Onset and Progression of Multiple Sclerosis, Sketching an Immunopathological Scheme
Authors: Aziz Owais , Bukhari Kainat , Ramzan Muhammad Ikram , Liaqat Amina , Arshad Adnan , Rana Sidra , Khaliq Hafiz Muhammad Haseeb , Ahmad Muhammad Zeshan
Published: February 2024

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system, characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. The role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in MS pathogenesis, specifically through MYD88-dependent and -independent pathways, has become a focal point of research. Understanding these pathways offers insights into the mechanisms driving MS and potential therapeutic targets.
Objective: This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the role of TLR signaling in the onset and progression of MS, focusing on the dysregulation of MYD88-dependent and -independent pathways and their implications for disease pathogenesis and therapy.
Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases was conducted to identify studies related to TLR signaling in MS. Keywords related to "toll-like receptors," "multiple sclerosis," "MYD88-dependent pathway," "MYD88-independent pathway," and "immune response" were used. The evidence synthesis was qualitative, integrating findings from both human and animal studies.
Results: The review highlights the central role of NF-kB in mediating the effects of TLR signaling on the inflammatory cascade in MS. Dysregulation in TLR signaling pathways can lead to increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and compromise the blood-brain barrier, exacerbating MS pathogenesis. The evidence points towards the dual role of TLR pathways in promoting inflammatory responses and potentially offering protective mechanisms against the disease.
Conclusion: TLR signaling pathways play a crucial role in the immunopathology of MS, with both MYD88-dependent and -independent pathways contributing to disease progression. Targeting these pathways presents a promising therapeutic strategy, emphasizing the need for further research to develop effective treatments.
Correlation between Pain and Functional Disability in Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis
Authors: Shafqat Adeela , Alam Muhammad Mahmood , Akhtar Muhammad Waseem , Munawar Asma , Ali Mubashar , Tariq Fatima , Faisal Adiya
Published: February 2024

Background: Adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, is a condition characterized by pain and restricted shoulder movement, affecting daily activities and quality of life. Despite its prevalence, the correlation between pain levels and functional disability remains inadequately explored, with a need for focused research to inform clinical practices.
Objective: To investigate the correlation between pain intensity and functional disability in patients with adhesive capsulitis and assess demographic characteristics to inform better management strategies.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 patients diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis at various medical institutions in Lahore from July 2022 to January 2023. Participants aged 31-70 years were included. The study employed non-probability convenience sampling for data collection, with pain intensity measured using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and functional disability assessed through the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, focusing on Pearson correlation coefficients to determine the relationship between pain and disability.
Results: The majority of patients were females (68.3%), with a significant representation in the 41-50 year age group (31.7%). The mean pain intensity was 5.97 (SD = 0.88), and the mean SPADI score was 73.12 (SD = 10.37), indicating moderate to high levels of pain and disability. A strong positive correlation was observed between pain intensity and functional disability (Pearson correlation = 0.81, p < 0.001), suggesting a direct relationship between the severity of pain and the extent of functional impairment.
Conclusion: The study confirmed a significant positive correlation between pain and functional disability in patients with adhesive capsulitis, highlighting the impact of this condition on the affected population's functional capabilities. These findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive management strategies that address both pain and functional limitations to improve overall patient outcomes.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Leadership Styles among Nurses in Tertiary Hospitals of Peshawar
Authors: Ali Irrum Afsar , Rahman Faisal
Published: February 2024

Background: The healthcare sector increasingly recognizes the importance of leadership styles in shaping the work environment, employee satisfaction, and patient care outcomes. Leadership within nursing teams, particularly in tertiary hospitals, plays a crucial role in addressing the challenges of healthcare delivery and staff retention. The diversity in leadership styles—authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire—offers various approaches to managing nursing teams and influencing healthcare outcomes.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of different leadership styles among nurses working in tertiary hospitals in Peshawar and to explore their impact on nursing practice and healthcare delivery.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 240 nurses from Khyber Teaching Hospital and Lady Reading Hospital in Peshawar. Participants were selected using a convenience sampling technique. A structured questionnaire, comprising socio-demographic items and leadership style assessments, was utilized for data collection. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25, focusing on frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations to evaluate the distribution of leadership styles.
Results: The majority of participants reported a high range of authoritarian (44.2%), democratic (44.2%), and laissez-faire (46.3%) leadership styles. The prevalence of very high range was significant for authoritarian (43.3%) and democratic (40%) styles, indicating a strong inclination towards these leadership approaches among nursing staff. The study also highlighted a positive association between democratic leadership styles and job satisfaction among nurses.
Conclusion: The findings underscore the diversity of leadership styles among nurses in tertiary hospitals in Peshawar, with a notable preference for authoritarian and democratic approaches. This diversity suggests the need for flexible leadership training programs tailored to the dynamic requirements of healthcare settings. Enhancing leadership skills among nurses is crucial for improving healthcare delivery and achieving better patient care outcomes.
Prevalence and Association of Neck Disability Index (NDI) with Forward Head Posture (FHP) among Pharm D Students
Authors: Bibi Kainat , Arzoo Urva , Sakina Quratulain , Zahoor Irum , Suleman Rahila , Shaukat Ayesha
Published: February 2024

Background: Forward Head Posture (FHP) is a prevalent condition characterized by the anterior positioning of the cervical spine, leading to increased cervical lordosis. This posture has been associated with various musculoskeletal disorders, particularly among students who spend prolonged periods in sedentary activities, such as reading or using computers and smartphones. The relationship between FHP, the Neck Disability Index (NDI), and the Craniovertebral (CV) angle is crucial for understanding the impact of this postural deviation on neck disability.
Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of FHP among Pharm-D students at the Margalla Institute of Health Sciences, Rawalpindi, and to assess the association between the NDI and CV angle in this population.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 169 Pharm-D students selected through convenient non-probability sampling. The ON Protractor application was used for photogrammetric measurements of the CV angle, while the NDI questionnaire assessed neck disability. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25, with correlation coefficients calculated to explore the associations between FHP, NDI, and CV angle.
Results: The prevalence of FHP among the participants was found to be 84%. The majority of students (63.3%) exhibited light disability according to the NDI. The mean CV angle was 41.49 degrees in standing and 41.5 degrees in sitting positions. No significant correlation was observed between the CV angle and NDI (r=0.357 in sitting and r=0.162 in standing positions), indicating that the degree of FHP was not directly related to the level of neck disability.
Conclusion: FHP is highly prevalent among Pharm-D students, with a significant proportion experiencing light neck disability. However, the study found no significant correlation between the severity of FHP (as measured by the CV angle) and neck disability. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address FHP and prevent neck disabilities in this population.
Marburg Virus Disease Outbreaks – A Systematic Review
Authors: Jamali Yasir Akbar , Jamali Imran Ali , Khuhro Ali Bux , Jeetender  , Khan Jawad Ahmad , Menghwar Bhanwrio
Published: February 2024

Background: Marburg virus disease (MARV) is a highly virulent disease that presents a significant threat to public health. First identified in 1967, MARV has since manifested sporadically across various regions, with varying consequences. This systematic review aims to collate and analyze epidemiological data to understand the impact of MARV globally.
Objective: The primary objective of this study was to synthesize data from past outbreaks to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of MARV, understand its transmission dynamics, and assess the effectiveness of response strategies.
Methods: We conducted a systematic search across several academic databases including MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, up until August 2023. Studies were included if they reported the total number of cases and fatalities during MARV outbreaks. The meta-analysis focused on case fatality rates (CFRs) and seroprevalence measurements. Data from health ministries, the World Health Organization, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were used to verify the findings.
Results: The review identified 16 studies for inclusion. The reported case fatality rates varied significantly across different outbreaks, with Angola (2006) reporting the highest number of cases (252) and deaths (227). The recent outbreak in Ghana (2023) indicated an uptick in both case numbers (40) and CFR (87.3%). The containment of an outbreak in Equatorial Guinea by June 2023 highlights the effectiveness of international cooperation and robust health systems.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the Marburg virus remains a critical concern for global health, particularly in regions with previous outbreaks. The data underscore the necessity for improved public health preparedness and response strategies in high-risk areas to mitigate future outbreaks.
Self-Medication Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among the Population of Jamshoro City: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Memon Sikander Munir , Samoo Haris , Lohana Bhawna Devi , Khan Sadia , Kumar Chander , Kumari Aresha , Bhatti Muskan
Published: February 2024

Background: Self-medication is a globally prevalent practice, with varying degrees of awareness and regulation across different regions. In developing countries like Pakistan, the practice poses significant public health challenges, including the risk of medication misuse and antibiotic resistance. Jamshoro, a city with a diverse demographic and educational landscape, provides a unique setting to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of self-medication among its residents.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the extent of self-medication practices among the adult population in Jamshoro, focusing on their knowledge, attitudes, and the types of medications commonly used. It sought to identify potential risks associated with self-medication and propose recommendations for safer practices.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted from February to April 2023, involving 400 participants selected through non-probability convenience sampling. The survey encompassed questions related to demographic information, knowledge about self-medication, attitudes towards its practice, and the frequency and types of medications used. Data were collected using both online questionnaires distributed via Google Forms and face-to-face interviews, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of self-medication behaviors. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (LUMHS), with the study adhering to the Helsinki Declaration's ethical standards. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 25, utilizing descriptive statistics to summarize findings.
Results: The majority of respondents were male (55.5%) and undergraduates (64.5%), with students representing 66% of the sample. A significant portion (87.3%) reported a lack of knowledge regarding self-medication, and 90.3% had never taken medication without a physician’s prescription. About 64% were aware of the difference between over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription drugs, and 82.5% recognized the risk of antibiotic resistance. Self-medication practices were infrequent among participants, with 32.5% engaging in it only occasionally. The study also found a predominant preference for private healthcare facilities (68.5%) over public ones.
Conclusion: The findings indicate a substantial knowledge gap regarding self-medication among the population of Jamshoro, despite a general tendency to consult healthcare professionals for medical issues. There is a critical need for public health initiatives to educate the community on safe medication practices, the risks of antibiotic resistance, and the importance of adhering to prescribed treatments.
Solusi Pengembangan Fitur TUCTUC Dalam Aplikasi My TEL-U
Authors: Fatih Muhammad , Rasendria Mahendra Marshall , Wira Wicaksana Avanindra , Adifa Faiz Muhammad , Khalifah Ardi
Published: February 2024

Solusi pengembangan fitur TucTuc dalam aplikasi dengan menambahkan fitur navigasi, live location, jadwal perjalanan, dan pesan antar seperti milik Grab dan Gojek. Fitur-fitur ini akan memungkinkan pengguna untuk dengan mudah menavigasi kampus, melacak lokasi transportasi secara real-time, mengakses jadwal perjalanan, serta memesan antar layanan secara efisien. Dengan integrasi fitur-fitur ini, diharapkan pengalaman transportasi kampus dapat ditingkatkan dan memudahkan mobilitas pengguna.
Perancangan Prototype Aplikasi Sebagai Media Informasi Kehilangan Barang di Lingkungan Telkom University
Authors: Zamzami Sultan Afdan , Viogensa Liuw Imanuel Karmelio , Taqiyuddin Muhammad Mufid , Pinaria Bright Eliezer , Hafiedz Fauzan Azzaria , Afriza M. Helmi
Published: February 2024

Dari hasil pengamatan dan informasi yang didapatkan pada akun media sosial yang digunakan sebagai alat untuk menyebarkan informasi kehilangan barang dirasa belum cukup aman dan efisien dalam sistem cara kerjanya. Maka dibuatlah suatu rancangan desain Aplikasi Sebagai Media Penyebaran Informasi menggunakan aplikasi pendukung Figma dan CorelDRAW untuk mempermudah proses desain User Interface (UI) dan User Experience (UX). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data metode Observasi dan metode Referensi. Dari penelitian ini dihasilkan sebuah aplikasi yang dirancang untuk mempermudah dalam proses pengelolaan informasi yang aman dan efisien.
Perancangan Aplikasi Cukur Rambut Berbasis Mobile demi Menunjang Kebutuhan Konsumen
Authors: Miranda Nadia , Adhitya N Rakyan , Djalil M. Aditya , Adi Saputra M. Khadafi , Reuben Januardi Stevy
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini fokus pada pengembangan desain antarmuka pengguna (UI) dan pengalaman pengguna (UX) dalam konteks aplikasi mobile pemesanan barbershop online. Melalui kombinasi metode analisis kebutuhan pengguna, pengembangan prototipe, dan evaluasi usability, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan kepuasan pengguna dalam menggunakan aplikasi tersebut.
Fase awal penelitian melibatkan identifikasi kebutuhan pengguna dan preferensi mereka terkait pemesanan layanan barbershop. Data diperoleh melalui survei dan wawancara untuk membimbing pengembangan prototipe awal. Prototipe ini mencakup elemen desain UI yang menitikberatkan pada kejelasan informasi, navigasi yang intuitif, dan estetika yang menarik, sementara juga mempertimbangkan pengalaman pengguna yang menyenangkan.
Evaluasi prototipe dilakukan melalui pengujian usability, di mana partisipan diuji dalam berbagai skenario penggunaan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa perbaikan pada desain UI dan UX dapat mengoptimalkan proses pemesanan, meningkatkan kepuasan pengguna, dan mengurangi hambatan yang mungkin dihadapi oleh pengguna potensial.
Penelitian ini menyumbang pada pemahaman desain UI/UX yang lebih baik dalam konteks aplikasi mobile pemesanan barbershop online. Implikasi praktisnya melibatkan rekomendasi konkreto untuk meningkatkan desain UI, navigabilitas, dan responsivitas aplikasi, sehingga memberikan pengalaman pengguna yang lebih positif. Temuan penelitian ini dapat membantu pengembang aplikasi dalam menciptakan produk yang lebih efektif dan memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna dalam industri pemesanan barbershop online.
The Building Blocks of Data Science: Computing Systems and Analytical Frameworks for Big Data
Authors:   National Education Services, Pasupuleti Murali Krishna
Published: February 2024

In the dynamic and evolving field of data science, the capacity to process and analyze big data stands as a cornerstone for innovation and insight. "The Building Blocks of Data Science: Computing Systems and Analytical Frameworks for Big Data" is a chapter dedicated to unraveling the complex technical foundations essential for mastering big data challenges. It meticulously explores the sophisticated computing systems and analytical frameworks that form the backbone of effective big data processing and analysis. Through a comprehensive examination, this chapter illuminates the intricate architectures, scalable computing models, and advanced analytics that empower data scientists to harness the vast potential of big data. It navigates through the principles of distributed computing, highlights the significance of data storage solutions like Hadoop and NoSQL databases, and delves into the critical role of machine learning and statistical modeling in extracting meaningful insights from large datasets. Moreover, the chapter addresses the challenges of data scalability, consistency, and real-time processing, offering pragmatic solutions and best practices. By setting the stage for advanced data science applications, this chapter not only equips readers with the knowledge to navigate the complexities of big data but also inspires innovation in developing new methodologies and technologies in data science. It is an indispensable resource for anyone aspiring to deepen their understanding of the technical underpinnings that make big data analytics possible and effective. Keywords:Data Science,Big Data,Computing Systems,Analytical Frameworks,Distributed Computing,Data Storage Solutions,Hadoop,NoSQL Databases,Machine Learning,Statistical Modeling,Data Scalability,Data Consistency,Real-time Processing,Advanced Analytics and Data Processing.
Advances in Bioinformatics: Decoding Genomes with AI and Machine Learning
Authors:   National Education Services, Pasupuleti Murali Krishna
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This chapter"Advances in Bioinformatics: Decoding Genomes with AI and Machine Learning" offers a cutting-edge exploration into the integration of next-generation sequencing (NGS), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) within the field of bioinformatics. This book delves into how these technologies have revolutionized our approach to decoding complex genomic data, providing insights into the genetic basis of diseases, evolutionary biology, and personalized medicine. Starting with a foundational overview of bioinformatics and its evolution, it progresses to highlight significant technological breakthroughs and methodologies that have transformed genomic research. Notably, tools like NG-Circos and CRUX have advanced data visualization, while algorithms such as those in Needlestack have refined variant calling. The emergence of glycoproteogenomics and the application of predictive modeling through AI and ML showcase the vast potential of these technologies in understanding and manipulating genetic information. This chapter dedicated to predictive modeling and workflow management underscore the transformative power of AI and ML in genomic research and the critical importance of efficient workflow systems in handling complex genomic datasets. By exploring the application of deep learning models for predicting genomic structures and the role of Nextflow in streamlining bioinformatics workflows, the book offers a comprehensive view of the state-of-the-art techniques driving bioinformatics forward. Ethical considerations, data privacy, and the challenges of data management are thoroughly examined, ensuring a balanced perspective on the advancements and the complexities they introduce. Looking ahead, "Next-Gen Bioinformatics" anticipates the future of genomic research, highlighting the emerging trends and technologies poised to further disrupt and advance the field. It presents an optimistic outlook on how continued innovation in AI, ML, and workflow management will unlock new discoveries and applications in genomics, from enhancing our understanding of genetic diseases to tailoring personalized treatment strategies. This work serves as an indispensable resource for researchers, clinicians, and anyone interested in the rapidly evolving landscape of bioinformatics, providing the tools, insights, and foresight needed to navigate and contribute to the future of genomic research. Keywords: Bioinformatics, Genomic Research, Next-Generation Sequencing, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Data Visualization, Variant Calling, Predictive Modeling, Workflow Management, Genetic Diseases and Ethical Considerations.
Association between patellofemoral osteoarthritis with demographic features and anatomical variants of the knee in non-traumatic patients
Authors:   Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jarib St., Isfahan, Iran, Riahi Farshad
Published: February 2024

Background: Patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA) is a common cause of knee discomfort and impairment, particularly among athletes. The development of PFOA has been associated with anatomical knee variations, such as trochlear dysplasia and patella alta. However, the relationship between these anatomical variants and the development of PFOA remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between PFOA and knee anatomical variants in a cohort of patients. Methods: The study included 200 patients with PFOA and 200 healthy controls. In this study, we investigate the relationship of osteoarthritis with both anatomical variants and demographic characteristics. The participants underwent Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of the knee, and anatomical variants including trochlear dysplasia and patella alta were assessed. The severity of PFOA was also graded based on cartilage area and depth, as well as the bone marrow involvement and presence of osteophytes. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of Tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, patella position, trochlear dysplasia, and Insall-Salvati ratio. The mean TT-TG distance, prevalence of alta patella position, and Insall-Salvati ratio were significantly higher in cases (P<0.001 for all), and cases had a higher incidence of trochlear dysplasia (P<0.001). There were no significant differences between cases and controls regarding patella baja. Conclusion: Anatomical knee variants, including the TT-TG distance, trochlear dysplasia, and Insall-Salvati ratio, are significant risk factors for PFOA progression. The results also indicate that higher BMI and older age are significantly associated with more measures of MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score (MOAKS) than demographic information. Among anatomical variants, a higher TT-TG distance and an increased grade of trochlear dysplasia show a significant relationship with more measures of MOAKS. Understanding the relationship between these factors has important clinical and research implications and can help inform the development of new treatments.
Correlative relationship of chlorophyll "a" and "b" pigments in genetics of cotton weight per boll yield in plants with anthocyanin lines L-2, L-3, F1, Fb, F2
Authors: Ya. B. Tursunov
Published: February 2024

Based on the results of the experiments, the following scientific opinion is expressed. Experiments have shown that the separate actions of salinization and alkalization did not significantly affect the value of the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b. The absence of significant changes in the value of this indicator indicates that these factors do not affect the light collection complex of the thylakoid membranes of this test crop.
Pterocarpus erinaceus leaf extracts phytochemical composition and its effect on growth performance and intestinal microbial population of weaned rabbits
Authors: Alagbe, John Olujimi
Published: February 2024

In Sumitra Research Institute, a total of 50 crossbred male rabbits with initial body weight of 486 ± 0.70 g and weaned at 28 days of age were individually housed in a specially constructed galvanized cage was used to examine the effect of Pterocarpus erinaceus leaf extracts (PELE) on the growth performance and intestinal microbial population of weaned rabbits. Rabbits were stratified based on their body weight and assigned to 5 groups with six animals with one animal per replicate in a completely randomized design. Experimental diet was adequate in all nutrients to meet the requirement of rabbits. Animals in group 1 was fed standard diet with 0 mL PELE while group 2, 3, 4 and 5 were fed standard diet with 0.2 mL, 0.4 mL, 0.6 mL and 0.8 mL/day respectively.
The History Of The Irrigation System In Uzbekistan
Authors: Oybek Kamilovich Komilov
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes on the basis of primary sources, scientific literature, Internet materials and statistical data the issues of significant attention to modernizing the irrigation system of Uzbekistan over the years of independence, providing the industry with modern equipment, protecting water resources, reclamation of irrigated lands, reconstruction, repair of hydraulic structures and increasing year to year capital investment. The research also highlights the important reforms and a number of measures taken in the water management system after the independence of Uzbekistan, as in all areas
Links between low-income population factors across Fergana and Namangan provinces
Authors: PhD. Z.A.Musaeva
Published: February 2024

The article comments on factors affecting poverty reduction in Fergana and Namangan Provinces: Economic Development, Employment and unemployment rate dependence, income inequality, and the reasons for the origin of poverty. The main emphasis is on the dependence of factors affecting poverty reduction, and explained that poverty reduction is influenced by subjective and objective processes.
Integration Of Electronic Learning Resources in The Educational Process: Stages and Significance
Authors: Baysarieva Charos Usmanovna
Published: February 2024

This article describes the stages of implementation of the integration of electronic educational resources to increase the efficiency of independent education of students of higher educational institutions and the results of research on determining the practical importance of integrating electronic educational resources
Clinical Work Games and the Significance Of Situation Method In Practical Training
Authors: Sharipova Saida Nigmatdjanovna  , Musaeva Umeda Aktiyoevna
Published: February 2024

Today's task of education is to teach students to be able to work independently in the informationeducational conditions that are improving day by day, to use the flow of information wisely. Comprehensive reforms in the structure of the educational system will be strengthened by teachers by mastering advanced pedagogical technologies and using them in the educational process. For this, pedagogues are required to learn and apply the technological approach to the educational process. With the wide development of advanced technologies, in recent years, new pedagogical clinical work-game technologies have been effectively used to optimize education in medical universities.
Olympiads as an Innovative Teaching Method
Authors: Doszhanov Bakhitjan Muratovich  , Yeralieva Guljakhan Alimbaevna
Published: February 2024

The use of interactive forms of training in the educational process helps students to develop professional and general cultural competencies. The educational process, based on the use of interactive methods in the teaching process, is organized on the basis of involving all students of the group in mastering the educational material. Joint activity means that during this exercise, each student shares his knowledge, ways of working, makes his individual contribution to solving the situation. By applying pedagogical technology methods in modern lessons, additional information (handouts, tests, problems, riddles, questions and answers, various crosswords, experiments, etc.) should cover the main topic during the lesson. At the end of the lesson, the students will have sufficient knowledge about the scientific information, the place in the field of science and technology development, as well as the encyclopedic scientists who lived in the past. they should also have information about their contributions to the development of this field. For this, it is necessary to use methods of pedagogical technology that are appropriate and convenient for the subject being taught in each lesson. In the implementation of this activity, high pedagogical skills are required from the teacher
The Significance Of The Computer Simulation Method In Medical Education
Authors: Yusupova Rana Irkinovna  , Abdullaeva Sabakhon Azatovna
Published: February 2024

Today's task of education is to teach students to be able to work independently in the informationeducational conditions that are improving day by day, to use the flow of information wisely. Comprehensive reforms in the structure of the educational system will be strengthened by teachers by mastering advanced pedagogical technologies and using them in the educational process. For this, pedagogues are required to learn and apply the technological approach to the educational process. With the wide development of advanced technologies, in recent years, new pedagogical clinical work-game technologies have been effectively used to optimize education in medical universities.
Stream of consciousness as a narrative technique in the novel Ulysses
Authors: Asst. Lect. Nour Imad Zaki
Published: February 2024

This paper focuses on using a stream of consciousness in James Joyce's novel Ulysses. Stream of consciousness is a narrative technique that depicts the continuous flow of thoughts and sensations experienced by characters' minds. In Ulysses, Joyce masterfully employs this technique to delve into the complex minds of his characters, Leopold Bloom and Stephen Dedalus. By abandoning traditional linear storytelling, Joyce captures the intricacies of human thought processes and immerses readers in the characters' inner worlds. The novel's structure and narrative style are characterized by interior monologue, associative thinking, and a fragmented structure. Through these techniques, Joyce offers readers a unique and intimate reading experience, exploring themes of identity, memory, time, and the depiction of Dublin. By embracing the stream of consciousness, Joyce pushes the boundaries of conventional storytelling, inviting readers to engage with his characters' rich and intricate inner lives.
The Importance of Educational Technologies in Students' Acceptance and Mastery Of The Subject
Authors: Musaev Masut Tulkunovich
Published: February 2024

By applying pedagogical technology methods in modern lessons, additional information (handouts, tests, problems, riddles, questions and answers, various crosswords, experiments, etc.) should cover the main topic during the lesson. At the end of the lesson, the students will have sufficient knowledge about the scientific information, the place in the field of science and technology development, as well as the encyclopedic scientists who lived in the past. they should also have information about their contributions to the development of this field. For this, it is necessary to use methods of pedagogical technology that are appropriate and convenient for the subject being taught in each lesson. In the implementation of this activity, high pedagogical skills are required from the teacher.
The Need To Study The Categories Of Words In The Morphology Of The English Language
Authors: Abduvaliyeva Shakhnoza Abduvaliyevna
Published: February 2024

Words are divided into certain categories, primarily according to the concepts they mean. Words in a language differ from each other not only in the specific meanings they mean, but also in grammatical features. The largest groups of words that differ in common semantic and grammatical features are called word categories