bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of colorectal cancer awareness in patients admitted to the general surgery outpatient clinic
Authors: İDİZ Cemile , CAKİR Coskun , KEGİN Murat , ULUSOY Abdulhakim
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Colorectal cancer could be prevented with some basic lifestyle modifications.In this study we query the awareness of the participants about colorectal cancer who visit the general surgery outpatients clinic.
Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 13 questions was applied to the participants as well as demographic data. Differences in awareness of screening and risk factors were sub-grouped according to age, BMI, education, employment status, monthly income, marital status, status of first-degree relative colorectal cancer, smoking-alcohol use status and exercise status.
Results: The most known screening method was colonoscopy with 73.6%, while the least known screening method was sigmoidoscopy with 13.4%. Also, the best known risk factor was smoking with 67.4%, while the least known risk factor was type 2 diabetes with 29.8%. In our study, those over 45 years of age, having higher education, working, having more monthly income, having a family history of colorectal cancer and exercising regularly had more awareness about colorectal cancer screening and risk factors.
Conclusions: Our study had high levels of awareness compared to developing countries, however, awareness levels are not high enough and it is possible to increase these rates by educating the patients on cancer awareness.
Effect of Simulated Waterlogging Condition Imposed at Early Vegetative Growth on Final Yield in Greengram (Vigna radiata)
Authors: Saikia Bhaskar , Kalita Prakash , Das Ranjan
Published: January 2021

Background: ‘Rain’ plays a very important role since most of the agricultural productivity is rainfall dependent. However at the same time unpredictable and untimely rainfall are also responsible for crop loss. In India, our North-eastern region receives the highest amount of rainfall. Even in pre-monsoon season, our region receives very high amount of rainfall which hampers the crop production, especially the summer season greengram. Hence, an effort had been made to screen some genotypes of summer greengram, tolerant to waterlogging condition. A study was carried out during the summer season to evaluate the physiological performance of some greengram genotypes as influenced by waterlogging condition of varying duration imposed at early vegetative stage of growth. Methods: From an initial screening of forty genotypes in laboratory condition, five genotypes were selected based on germination percentage, seedling length and vigour index. These five genotypes were further evaluated in a pot experiment with four treatment combinations comprising of control (T1), waterlogging for 4 days (T2), waterlogging for 8 days (T3) and waterlogging for 12 days (T4). Waterlogging conditions were created in the pots at the time of sowing. Result: Water logging caused adverse effect on growth and development of all the genotypes, with the longest waterlogging showing severe deleterious effect. The parameters viz. germination percentage, leaf chlorophyll content, leaf area, plant height, nitrate reductase activity, number of seeds pod-1, pods plant-1, root length, number of root nodules plant-1 and harvest index were found to decline under waterlogged condition whereas, lipid peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity showed higher values under waterlogged condition. The performance of the genotype Sadiya Local was found to be the best from the point of view of tolerance as indicated by higher seed yield followed by AKM 12-28. The better performance of this genotype appeared to be related to the higher values for some traits viz. germination percentage, leaf chlorophyll, nitrate reductase activity, superoxide dismutase activity, number of pods plant-1 and harvest index.
Upper Oligocene lithostratigraphic units and the transition to the Miocene in North Belgium
Authors: DUSAR Michiel , VANDENBERGHE Noël
Published: January 2021

The presence of Chattian deposits in Belgium was confirmed in the early 20th century by correlation of their mollusc faunas with the type Chattian in Germany. Consequently, the Voort Formation in the Campine Basin and the Boncelles Sand on the northeastern Ardennes were established and assigned a Chattian age. Contacts with underlying Rupelian and overlying Burdigalian formations are marked by hiatuses, linked mainly to end-Oligocene Savian tectonics and reactivation of the Roer Valley Graben (RVG). On the Campine Block, only the lower part of the Chattian, the Voort Sand is deposited, increasing in thickness in the direction of the RVG and including a geophysically traceable clayey marker horizon allowing the mapping of this unit in the Campine Basin, into the Netherlands and even possibly link it to the hydrostratigraphic subdivision of the Chattian in the Lower Rhine Graben. Lithologically, these uppermost Paleogene Chattian deposits form the base of the Neogene sequence along the Southern Bight of the North Sea, characterised by predominantly glauconite-bearing sand. The Chattian sediments rapidly become thicker in the strongly subsiding RVG, resulting in a more continuous sedimentation with the development above the Voort Sand of a clay unit and another sand unit, forming together the Veldhoven Formation. In Belgium such sequence is only found in the RVG without biostratigraphic data. However, it can be demonstrated that lithostratigraphically this sequence is comparable to the better-studied Veldhoven Formation in the Netherlands where biostratigraphy revealed that the Veldhoven Formation grades into the Aquitanian to Burdigalian, crossing the Paleogene–Neogene boundary and separated from middle Miocene deposits by the Early Miocene Unconformity (EMU). It is proposed to harmonise Belgian and Dutch stratigraphic nomenclatures, making the more complete Veldhoven Formation applicable both in the Campine Basin and the Roer Valley Graben, and further north in the Netherlands. Within this scheme, the Belgian Voort Formation becomes the Voort Member as the lower part of the Veldhoven Formation, of which the middle Wintelre clayey and upper Someren sandy members are only recognised in the graben.
Um Retrato das Startups de uma Aceleradora Localizada em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais
Authors: De Oliveira Bárbara Graciano , Soares Cíntia Siqueira Araújo , Da Fonseca Cristina Luiza Ramos , Barbosa Allan Claudius Queiroz
Published: January 2021

A renovação e o desenvolvimento de uma economia dependem da inovação, que muito se relaciona com novos empreendimentos e startups. Este artigo tem por objetivo caracterizar as startups existentes no ecossistema de inovação de Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais), considerando aquelas participantes em um Programa de Aceleração. Para tanto, adotou-se a pesquisa qualitativa com abordagem descritiva e estudo de caso com enfoque no Programa de Aceleração da Techmall S.A. Pela pesquisa realizada, foi possível constatar que o perfil do empreendedor é predominantemente de jovens, sem vivência empreendedora anterior, com formação em ciências exatas. Quanto às Startups, a maioria está em fase de operação em diversos segmentos; receberam algum prêmio, e não são resultados de spin-offs acadêmicas ou empresariais. A forma predominante de contratação de seus colaboradores é por estágio temporário e por regime de bolsa. Foi possível verificar que seus principais desafios são osde escalar venda e de captar cliente (desafios internos), alémde obter capital inicial, financiamentos e investimentos (desafios externos). Para enfrentar tais desafios, a aceleradora deveria auxiliar no mapeamento de clientes e na determinação de estratégias para vendas, considerando que isso é uma das dificuldades apresentadas. Por fim, o estudo conclui que é preciso que o Ecossistema de Inovação Mineiro esteja atento aos desafios encontrados, de modo a formular políticas para minimizá-los.
Primeiros Impactos da Indústria 4.0 sobre o Setor de Papel e Celulose
Authors: Ferreira Sarah Cristina , De Paula Germano Mendes
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os impactos da Indústria 4.0 no setor de papel e celulose. A metodologia aplicada consiste na identificação dos efeitos de oito clusters tecnológicos (produção inteligente e conectada, inteligência artificial, tecnologias de redes, biotecnologia e bioprocessos, nanotecnologia, materiais avançados e armazenamento de energia) sobre o setor, a partir da  aplicação de questionários para a identificação da influência dessas inovações sobre a realidade mundial e brasileira. Os resultados apresentados demonstram a difusão e importância atribuídas a essas tecnologias no setor em 2017, em 2022 e em 2027.
PENERAPAN E-LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN EDMODO TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA KONSEP GEJALA PEMANASAN GLOBAL
Authors: Podungge Nurcahyani , Paramata Dewi Diana , Odja Abdul Haris
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai apakah terdapat pengaruh penerapan e-learning berbantuan media pembelajaran edmodo terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi gejala pemanasan global, yang dilakukan di MAN 1 Kota Gorontalo pada tahun ajaran 2019/2020 dengan menggunakan kelas XI IPA 4 sebagai sampel penelitian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksprimen dengan desain One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes tertulis berupa pretest dan posttest, data yang terkumpul dilakukan uji n-gain dengan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar pada posttest adalah 64 sedangkan pada pretest adalah 17 artinya nilai posttest lebih tinggi dibandingkan nilai pretest sehingga terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar. Sedangkan nilai n-gain yang ternormalisasi adalah 0.637 dan termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji “t” berpasangan diperoleh thitung sebesar 31.22 sedangkan nilai diperoleh sebesar 2.03951. Dengan demikian thitung > ttabel sehingga Ho : ditolak dan Hi : diterima. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada hasil belajar siswa sebelum dan setelah menerapkan e-learning dalam pembelajaran fisika berbasis al-quran pada konsep gejala pemanasan global
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PRAKTIKUM BANDUL MATEMATIS BERBASIS SPREADSHEET PADA MICROSOFT EXCELL 2007
Authors: Utami Linda Sekar , Sabaryati Johri , Riyadi Fatoni , Darmayanti Ni Wayan Sri
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul praktikum bandul matematis berbasis spreadsheet pada       Microsoft excel 2007 dan         kualitas  modul yang dikembangkan berupa modul praktikum bandul matematis berbasis spreadsheet pada microsoft  excell  2007  agar pengguna media  maupunpraktisi  dapat  membuat  media dengan memanfaatkan modul praktikum bandul matematis berbasis spreadsheet pada Microsoft excell 2007. Dengan memanfaatkan teknologi komputer yang dikemas dalam program spreadsheet pada microsoft excell 2007 menyajikan fasilitas secara sederhana dan mudah. Disamping itu penelitian ini mengunakan metode penelitian model Borg & Galls melalui 3 tahapan, yaitu (1) studi pendahuluan, (2) pembuatan dan pengembangan produk (media praktikum dan modul praktikum) dan (3) pengujian dan implementasi Produk(evaluasi). Dari hasil uji coba yang dilakukan dari beberapa ahli dan praktisi maupun pengguna media dalam kelompok besar dan kelompok kecil yaitu modul  yang dibuat dan kualitasnya dikembangkan sudah layak untuk digunakan  tetapi ada sedikit permasalahan sehingga perlu adanya perbaikan lebih lanjut.
Ensayos de control del concreto lanzado con fibras en el túnel de la línea 12 del metro de la CDMX
Authors: Aire Carlos , Aguilar Lilia
Published: January 2021

En este artículo se evalúan tres ensayos para caracterizar el comportamiento del concreto lanzado con fibras metálicas en el revestimiento primario del túnel de la línea 12 del metro de la CDMX. Se elaboraron tres paneles cuadrados (UNE 14488-5), tres paneles redondos (ASTM C1550) y cuatro cilindros para ensayo Barcelona (UNE 83515). Todos se pueden utilizar como métodos de control de calidad para Concretos Reforzados con Fibras (CRF) en construcciones subterráneas, sin embargo, se encontró mayor variabilidad en los resultados de los paneles circulares, además de ser estos los especímenes con mayor complejidad para su elaboración y ensayo, por lo tanto, se recomienda la aplicación del ensayo Barcelona para el control de calidad en obra debido a que resulta más sencilla la preparación, manipulación y ejecución del muestreo y ensayo.
Corrosion effect on reinforced concrete with the addition of graphite powder and its evaluation on physical-electrochemical properties
Authors: Flores-Nicolás Alejandro , Flores-Nicolás Mario , Uruchurtu-Chavarín Jorge
Published: January 2021

The corrosion of reinforced concrete without and with the addition of graphite powder with low carbon content was evaluated. Phase identification processes and physical-electrochemical properties of the concrete were analyzed using X-ray diffraction techniques (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), half-cell potential, electrochemical noise (EN) and linear polarization resistance (LPR). Samples were studied for 168 days in saline solution. The results show that, when adding graphite powder in an amount of 2.5% by weight of cement, the compressive strength increased if compared with the control sample. The electrochemical tests show that the higher the level of graphite replacement, the higher the level of corrosion in concrete.
Análise comparativa da eficácia e eficiência de três sistemas impermeabilizantes
Authors: Dos Santos Kimick Renata , Gazolla Micheli , Moura da Silva Junior Renato , Brandão Capraro Ana Paula , Moreira Kirke
Published: January 2021

O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar comparativamente sistemas de impermeabilização empregados no mercado brasileiro. Os produtos avaliados foram: emulsão asfáltica, resina acrílica e resina termoplástica. Para avaliação da eficácia dos sistemas foram realizados os ensaios de estanqueidade, absorção por imersão e capilaridade, sendo esse último também analisado por imagens termográficas. Para a análise da eficiência dos sistemas foi adotado um padrão de envelhecimento acelerado, o qual consistiu na alternância das amostras em ciclos de molhagem e secagem. Os resultados indicam um bom desempenho para os sistemas estudados, que quando comparados a série não impermeabilizada apresentaram absorções inferiores (aproximadamente 300%). Já o ensaio de envelhecimento acelerado indicou, posteriormente aos 140 dias de idade, redução do desempenho das séries impermeabilizadas.
Mapeamento de manifestações patológicas em pavimento asfáltico por meio de uso de drones
Authors: Vasconcelos Fernandes Rogerio Taygra , Fonseca Cabral Adriene , Batista Dantas Gerbeson Carlos , Varela  Tinoco Vinícius Navarro , Azevedo da Silveira Brenno Dayano , Sousa Junior Almir Mariano
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho objetiva estudar a viabilidade do emprego de Drones para mapeamento e inspeção de manifestações patológicas em pavimentos asfálticos comparando ao método tradicional. Foram estabelecidas parcelas amostrais a cada 20 m, com 6 m de extensão, totalizando 20 estações, as quais tiveram suas manifestações patológicas anotadas e calculado o Índice Global de Gravidade para a área de estudo. Os resultados obtidos pelas metodologias de referência e alternativa foram confrontados em função das patologias identificadas e do tempo gasto nos levantamentos. Os resultados demonstraram viabilidade para emprego de Drones para inspeção de patologias em pavimentos asfálticos, tomando como base a Norma DNIT 006/2003 – PRO, obtendo resultados similares à metodologia tradicional com redução significativa do tempo de operação (33,3%).
Estado, desarrollo y tendencias de los estudios en acústica de la fauna en Colombia
Authors: Martinez Medina Daniela , Acevedo-Charry Orlando , Medellín-Becerra Sofía , Rodríguez-Fuentes Juliana , López-Casas Silvia , Muñoz-Duque Sebastian , Rivera-Correa Mauricio , López-Aguirre Yelenny , Vargas-Salinas Fernando , Laverde-R Oscar , Rodríguez-Posada Miguel E.
Published: January 2021

Las señales acústicas son una de las formas de comunicación más importante en la fauna, incluso en la ubicación espacial de los individuos y sus presas. El estudio de las señales acústicas fortalece los campos de investigación en ecología, comportamiento, identificación taxonómica, uso de hábitat e incluso el efecto de las actividades humanas sobre diferentes especies animales. Además, es una herramienta para la cuantificación y monitoreo de la biodiversidad. En este trabajo presentamos un análisis de los estudios basados en bioacústica que se han desarrollado en Colombia, con el fin de establecer una línea base e identificar vacíos en el conocimiento, sus fortalezas y debilidades, para discutir los retos futuros para el desarrollo de la investigación sobre bioacústica en el país. Nuestra búsqueda de información se concentró en publicaciones de tipo científico, trabajos de grado y presentaciones en conferencias, a partir de plataformas de datos electrónicos, usando diferentes palabras claves. En total obtuvimos 321 trabajos, en los que los grupos taxonómicaos más estudiados fueron las aves (36.4%) y los anfibios (35%). La mayoría de los trabajos se concentran en la región Andina (63%). La bioacústica es un campo con un creciente interés y, por ende, resulta necesario el trabajo colaborativo y multidisciplinario, la consolidación en las metodologías y el fortalecimiento y enriquecimiento de las colecciones de sonidos del país.
Relationship between acoustic indices, length of recordings and processing time: a methodological test
Authors: Cifuentes Edgar , Vélez Gómez Juliana , Butler Simon J
Published: January 2021

Ecoacoustic approaches have the potential to provide rapid biodiversity assessments and avoid costly fieldwork. Their use in biodiversity studies for improving management and conservation of natural landscapes has grown considerably in recent years. Standardised methods for sampling acoustic information that deliver reliable and consistent results within and between ecosystems are still lacking. Sampling frequency and duration are particularly important considerations because shorter, intermittent recordings mean recorder batteries last longer and data processing is less computationally intensive, but a smaller proportion of the available soundscape is sampled. Here, we compare acoustic indices and processing time for subsamples of increasing duration clipped from 94 one-hour recordings, to test how different acoustic indices behave, in order to identify the minimum sample length required. Our results suggest that short recordings distributed across the survey period accurately represent acoustic patterns, while optimizing data collection and processing. ACI and H are the most stable indices, showing an ideal sampling schedule of ten 1-minute samples in an hour. Although ADI, AEI and NDSI well represent acoustic patterns under the same sampling schedule, these are more robust under continuous recording formats. Such targeted subsampling could greatly reduce data storage and computational power requirements in large-scale and long-term projects.
Vegetation, bird and soundscape characterization: a case study in Braulio Carrillo National Park, Costa Rica
Authors: Retamosa Izaguirre Mónica Isabel , Segura Sequeira David , Barrantes Madrigal Jimmy , Spínola Parallada Manuel , Ramírez Alán Oscar
Published: January 2021

We assessed the structural complexity of vegetation, birds and soundscapes in two areas of Braulio Carrillo National Park, Costa Rica, with different road exposure, as baseline information for conservation and management. We measured vegetation structure complexity, surveyed birds and recorded soundscapes in an area adjacent to the National Highway 32 (Quebrada) and another area 20 km away (Ceibo). Quebrada presented a more open forest structure and lower density of trees and shrubs; lower evenness and higher acoustic complexity, higher bioacoustic activity and sound pressure level; higher bird abundance and richness. Ceibo showed a higher density of trees and shrubs, higher complexity of vegetation structure, higher proportion of biophonies than anthrophonies, and an acoustic community with higher diversity and entropy. The study sites differed in characteristics of their bird communities in an unexpected way; these differences appear to be mostly influenced by the structure and complexity of the vegetation surrounding the road. However, the soundscapes seemed to properly reflect the habitat condition, and are promising for evaluating the ecological condition of a site.
Vocalizaciones asociadas al comportamiento colonial de Cacicus chrysonotus leucoramphus (Icteridae) en Colombia
Authors: Guaitarilla David Alejandro , Ortiz-Pérez Juan Pablo , Calderón-Leytón Jhon Jairo , Gómez-Martínez Miguel A. , Trujillo-Torres Carlos Mauricio , Fernández Ronald A.
Published: January 2021

Con el objetivo de evaluar la asociación entre las vocalizaciones y los comportamientos del cacique montano norteño (Cacicus chrysonotus leucoramphus), se tomaron registros acústicos y conductuales de la especie en cuatro localidades de los Andes de Nariño, en el sur de Colombia. Se registraron seis tipos de vocalizaciones asociadas a por lo menos una de las tres categorías conductuales identificadas (vigilancia, alerta y defensa territorial), y una vocalización registrada en un único evento de cortejo. Vocalizaciones con valores más altos de ancho de banda y modulación de frecuencia resultaron asociadas a defensa territorial, mientras que vocalizaciones con valores bajos de ancho de banda y poca modulación cumplieron funciones de vigilancia y alerta. Los resultados indican similitudes en el comportamiento vocal y social con respecto a estudios en otras especies como Cacicus cela y Cacicus haemorrhous. C. c. leucoramphus utiliza vocalizaciones específicas en un determinado contexto conductual, pudiendo algunas de ellas ser reutilizadas en varios comportamientos. Este estudio describe por primera vez el contexto social en el que se asocian las vocalizaciones y conductas en esta especie.
Murciélagos insectívoros aéreos en un paisaje ganadero del piedemonte llanero colombiano
Authors: Hernández Leal Orlando Fabián , Sánchez Francisco , Lizcano Diego J.
Published: January 2021

La ganadería en el piedemonte llanero colombiano está ampliamente distribuida y se desconoce su impacto sobre los murciélagos insectívoros aéreos. Monitoreamos por métodos acústicos pasivos a estos murciélagos en un sistema silvopastoril (SSP) plantado con Mimosa trianae, un sistema ganadero convencional dominado por pasto (SC) y un bosque (B) en el piedemonte llanero colombiano. La composición de especies del B se diferenció de las otras coberturas, mientras que no hubo diferencias entre SC y SSP. Hubo mayor riqueza en el SC que en las otras coberturas, mientras que no hubo diferencias entre el B y el SSP. Myotis nigricans, Peropteryx macrotis, Saccopteryx leptura, Molossus cf. rufus, Eptesicus I y Cormura brevirostris tuvieron la mayor actividad en el paisaje, y su uso del espacio dependió de la cobertura. La mayoría de las especies usaron el SC más que las otras coberturas. En conclusión, la heterogeneidad espacial asociada al paisaje ganadero estudiado tiene efectos tanto en la estructura del ensamble como en las respuestas de las especies que lo conforman.
Descripción de las unidades fonéticas y sintaxis fonológica del repertorio vocal del tití cabeciblanco (Saguinus oedipus) silvestre
Authors: Paulo-Moreno Milena , Sanchez-Palomino Pedro
Published: January 2021

Estudiamos titíes cabeciblancos (Saguinus oedipus, Primates: Callitrichidae) durante más de 100 horas en el municipio de Santa Catalina, Bolívar norte de Colombia. Grabamos 16 horas de sus vocalizaciones, las cuales digitalizamos a 44.1 kHz, utilizando Protools. Analizamos 2617 sonidos con Raven 1.2, con el fin de identificar las unidades fonéticas que conforman el repertorio vocal de esta especie, de acuerdo a los siguientes parámetros acústicos: duración (ms), delta de frecuencia (Hz), pico de frecuencias (Hz), frecuencia de inicio (Hz) y cantidad de armónicos de cada unidad fonética. Para describir el repertorio vocal, clasificamos los fonemas en 11 grupos, según su forma. Con el análisis de los intervalos de confianza  de los parámetros acústicos, identificamos 49 sonidos diferentes. Mediante el ensamblaje de las unidades fonéticas, se identificaron 14 vocalizaciones diferentes.  Los sonidos emitidos por el tití cabeciblanco fueron de corta duración (X= 0.0215 s). La frecuencia de inicio más baja registrada fue de 322.7 Hz y la más alta de 13 956.5 Hz. El delta de frecuencias osciló entre 113.8 y 13 652.2 Hz., y el pico de frecuencias de 0 a 10 077.6 Hz. El 37.4 % de los sonidos emitidos por los titíes cabeciblancos carecen de armónicos y el 62.6 % restante presentan entre uno y doce armónicos.
COMPROMETIMENTO ORGANIZACIONAL: estudo com servidores técnico-administrativos de nível superior da Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Authors: Sobreira Francisco Escolástico , Zille Luciano Pereira , Faroni Walmer
Published: January 2021

Objetivou descrever e analisar o comprometimento organizacional na percepção dos técnico-administrativos de nível superior da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Caracterizou-se como estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa. A população foi composta por 323 servidores, sendo a amostra constituída por 196 participantes.  Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário aderente ao modelo de comprometimento organizacional, de Meyer e Allen (1991). Como resultado da pesquisa, constatou-se alto grau de comprometimento organizacional, predominando a base afetiva, seguida da normativa e instrumental. Identificou-se maior vínculo afetivo com a instituição para servidores com mais de 50 anos de idade, se comparados aos mais jovens; para aqueles com 11 anos ou mais de serviço em relação aos que trabalham na instituição há menos tempo e maior comprometimento global para os que já atingiram 11 anos ou mais de trabalho, se comparados aos que nela trabalham há menos tempo.
Decompondo a Transparência das Organizações Públicas: uma Proposta de Classificação em Três Camadas
Authors: França Francisco Ítalo Lopes , Moreira Marina Figueiredo
Published: January 2021

A transparência das organizações públicas é imperativa para as sociedades modernas, embora ainda não haja consenso sobre a definição deste construto e sobre seus instrumentos de medição. Para contribuir com esta lacuna, este estudo propõe um modelo teórico explicativo da transparência pública em nível organizacional. Para tanto, desenvolve-se revisão da literatura recente nos últimos dez anos sobre o construto. Defende-se que a transparência pública se manifeste em três camadas: transparência dos registros, que está associada a informações do passado; transparência das ações, que se relaciona aos fatos presentes; e transparência das intenções, que se refere aos atos futuros.
Eficiência e produtividade nos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Brasil
Authors: Parente Paulo Henrique Nobre , Maria Camila Carol de , Dutra Rogério Severiano , Paulo Edilson
Published: January 2021

Este artigo analisa a evolução da eficiência e da produtividade dos gastos públicos nos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Brasil no período entre 2010 e 2017, que incorpora o processo de expansão da rede federal. A amostra é composta por 263 observações, representativa aos 38 IFs, distribuídas em um painel desbalanceado. O método de análise envoltória de dados (DEA) e o índice de produtividade de Malmquist (IPM) foram empregados, respectivamente, para mensurar os escores de eficiência e de produtividade. Os resultados demonstram que, ao longo do processo de expansão da rede federal, os IFs apresentaram ganhos de eficiência e de produtividade, apresentando um incremento médio de 13,7%, apesar de parte da literatura corroborar que, durante os processos de expansão de sistemas educacionais, a eficiência e a qualidade do ensino apresentem um comportamento retrativo.
Determinantes da Decisão de Aposentadoria no Serviço Público
Authors: Oliveira Paula Karlleyne Queiroz , De Almeida Alexandre Nascimento , Nunes André
Published: January 2021

A força de trabalho das organizações vem sofrendo as consequências do envelhecimento populacional, implicando em desafios para a administração pública. Alguns desses desafios são de incentivar o servidor público em prolongar o seu tempo de atividade e de prepará-lo para uma adaptação ao pós-carreira. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a influência dos fatores individuais, profissionais e do ambiente legal na decisão de aposentadoria. A metodologia utilizada é a Regressão Logística com dados coletados por meio de questionário aplicado a 83 servidores públicos. Os resultados indicaram que a decisão de continuar trabalhando após o direito à aposentadoria é influenciada por fatores individuais e profissionais. Os servidores do sexo feminino, que acham que a renda na aposentadoria será insuficiente, que percebem sua jornada de trabalho como flexível e que demonstraram satisfação e comprometimento com o trabalho caracterizaram-se como o perfil dos inclinados a continuar trabalhando após ter o direito de aposentadoria.
Tools, methods, and some caveats to analyze the Brazilian Judiciary Performance data.
Authors: LOURO ALAMIR COSTA , Zanquetto-Filho Helio , Santos Washington Romão , Brandão Marcelo Moll
Published: January 2021

Objective: it discusses the judiciary´s performance antecedents in Brazil. It based its model on the work of Dimitrova-Grajzl, Grajzl, Sustersic, and Zajc (2012) about the Slovenian courts.Design: performance, human capital, expenditures, investment in new technologies, and caseload is measured using OLS, PLS-SEM, IPMA, and quadratic regression using CNJ data.Findings: The quantitative results show workforce profiles in details, the linear relationship, and the moderating effect of workload as not significant, while its quadratic effect enriches the discussion about productivity.Originality: the results and the methodological path and data caveats are opportunities for future works to explain the ambiguities when performance is compared using Dimitrova-Grajzl´s and present work models.
Popular Reporting à Luz da Teoria da Comunicação: Um Ensaio Teórico
Authors: Rodrigues Juliana Daniela , Dias Gabriela , De Vargas Sandra Belloli
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo buscou explorar o popular reporting, tema pouco tratado Brasil, revisando a literatura à luz da teoria da comunicação. Assim, discute-se como a contabilidade pode auxiliar na accountability do setor público, transmitindo informações de maneira adequada e simplificada para compreensão de seus usuários, em especial aqueles que não possuem conhecimento de contabilidade e finanças públicas. Para revisão da literatura abordada no ensaio teórico foram realizadas buscas em algumas das principais bases de pesquisa científica. A discussão apresenta relações entre os estudos sobre o popular reporting e os elementos e aspectos trazidos pela teoria da comunicação, permitindo a identificação de pontos que devem ser observados no processo de comunicação dos entes públicos aos cidadãos através dos relatórios financeiros populares. No cenário brasileiro, no qual a transparência e o acesso à informação são obrigatórios devido à legislação, a disponibilização de relatórios financeiros em formato popular tende a fortalecer esse movimento.
Screening of Graves' Disease Susceptibility Genes by Whole Exome Sequencing in a Three-generation Family
Authors: Hu Zhuoqing , Li Wei , Li Miaosheng , Wei Hao , Hu Zhihui , Chen Yanting , Luo Ai , Li Wangen
Published: January 2021

Background
Graves’ disease(GD) has a tendency for familial aggregation, but it is uncommon to occur in more than two generations. However, little is known about susceptibility genes for GD in the three-generation family.
Methods
DNA were extracted from three-generation familial GD patient with a strong genetic background in a Chinese Han population. The Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was utilized to screen the genome for SNVs associated with GD and the Sanger Sequencing was used to confirm the potential disease-causing genes.
Results
In the case study, there were five patients with Graves’ disease(GD) from a three-generation family. The SNVs of MAP7D2(c. 452C > T: p. A151V), SLC1A7(c. 1204C > T: p. R402C), TRAF3IP3(c. 209A > T: p. N70I), PTPRB(c. 3472A > G: p. S1158G), PIK3R3(c. 121C > T: p. P41S), DISC1(c. 1591G > C: p. G531R) were found to be associated with the familial GD and the Sanger sequencing had confirmed these variations. Furthermore, PolyPhen-2 score showed that the variants in TRAF3IP3, PTPRB, PIK3R3 are more likely to change protein functions.
Conclusion
The MAP7D2, SLC1A7, TRAF3IP3, PTPRB, PIK3R3, DISC1 may be the candidate susceptibility genes for familial GD from a three generations family.
Salmon gut microbiota correlates with disease infection status: potential for monitoring health in farmed animals
Authors: Bozzi Davide , Rasmussen Jacob A. , Carøe Christian , Sveier Harald , Nordøy Kristian , Gilbert M. Thomas P. , Limborg Morten T.
Published: January 2021

Background
Infectious diseases cause significant production losses in aquaculture every year. Since the gut microbiota plays an essential role in regulating the host immune system, health and physiology, altered gut microbiota compositions are often associated with a diseased status. However, few studies have examined the association between disease severity and degree of gut dysbiosis, especially when the gut is not the site of the primary infection. Moreover, there is a lack of knowledge on whether bath treatment with formalin, a disinfectant commonly used in aquaculture to treat external infections, might affect the gut microbiome as a consequence of formalin ingestion. Here we investigate, through 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding, changes in the distal gut microbiota composition of a captive-reared cohort of 80 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), in consequence of an external bacterial skin infection due to a natural outbreak and the subsequent formalin treatment.
Results
We identified Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi as the causative disease pathogen and we show that the distal gut of diseased salmon presented a different composition from that of healthy individuals. A new, yet undescribed, Mycoplasma genus characterized the gut of healthy salmon, while in the sick fish we observed an increase in terms of relative abundance of Aliivibrio sp., a strain regarded as opportunistic. We also noticed a positive correlation between fish weight and Mycoplasma sp. relative abundance, potentially indicating a beneficial effect for its host. Moreover, we observed that the gut microbiota of fish treated with formalin was more similar to those of sick fish than healthy ones.
Conclusions
We conclude that external Tenacibaculum infections have the potential of indirectly affecting the host gut microbiota. As such, treatment optimization procedures should account for that. Formalin treatment is not an optimal solution from a holistic perspective, since we observe an altered gut microbiota in the treated fish. We suggest its coupling with a probiotic treatment aimed at re-establish a healthy community. Lastly, we have observed a positive correlation of Mycoplasma sp. with salmon health and growth performances, therefore we encourage further investigations towards its potential utilization as a biomarker for monitoring health in salmon and potentially other farmed fish species.
Molecular phylogeny of the family Cosmocercidae (Nematoda: Ascaridida), with description of a new species of Aplectana using an integrative approach
Authors: Chen Hui-Xia , Gu Xiao-Hong , Ni Xue-Feng , Li Liang
Published: January 2021

Background
Nematodes of the family Cosmocercidae (Ascaridida: Cosmocercoidea) are mainly parasitic in the digest tract of various amphibians and reptiles worldwide. However, our knowledge of the molecular phylogeny of the Cosmocercidae is still far from comprehensive. The phylogenetic relationships of the Cosmocercidae and the other two families Atractidae and Kathlaniidae in the superfamily Cosmocercoidea, are still under debate. Moreover, the systematic position of some genera in Cosmocercidae remains unclear.
Methods
Nematodes collected from Polypedates megacephalus (Hallowell) (Anura: Rhacophoridae) were identified using morphological methods (light and scanning electron microscopy) and molecular approaches [sequencing and analyzing the small ribosomal DNA (18S), internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1), large ribosomal DNA (28S) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) target regions]. Phylogenetic analyses of cosmocercoid nematodes using 18S + 28S sequence data were performed to clarify the phylogenetic relationships of the Cosmocercidae, Atractidae and Kathlaniidae in the Cosmocercoidea, and the systematic position of the genus Aplectana in Cosmocercidae.
Results
Morphological and genetic evidence supported that the nematode specimens collected from P. megacephalus represents a new species of Aplectana (Cosmocercoidea: Cosmocercidae). Our phylogenetic results revealed that the Cosmocercidae is a monophyletic group, but not the basal group in Cosmocercoidea as the traditional classification. The Kathlaniidae is a paraphyletic group, and the subfamily Cruziinae (including only the genus Cruzia) formed a sister relationship to the Cosmocercidae. Phylogenetic analyses also showed that the genus Aplectana has closer relationship to the genus Cosmocerca in the Cosmocercidae.
Conclusions
Our molecular phylogenetic results supported that the subfamily Cruziinae should be moved out from the hitherto-defined family Kathlaniidae and elevated to a separate family, and the genus Cosmocerca has closer relationship to the genus Aplectana in the family Cosmocercidae, Our present study provided the basic molecular phylogenetic framework for the superfamily Cosmocercoidea based on 18S + 28S sequence data for the first time. Moreover, a new species of Aplectana, A. xishuangbannaensis n. sp., was described using an integrative approach.
What is the Effect of Lumbar Medial Branch Nerve Radiofrequency Ablation on Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: A Single-Center, Observational Study
Authors: Patel Trusharth , Watterson Christopher , McKenzie-Brown Anne Marie , Spektor Boris , Egan Katherine , Boorman David
Published: January 2021

Background

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a denervation therapy commonly performed for pain of facet etiology. Degenerative spondylolisthesis, a malalignment of the spinal vertebrae, may be a co-existing condition contributing to pain; yet the effect of RFA on advancing listhesis is unknown. To the extent that denervating RFA can weaken paraspinal muscles that provide stability to the spine, the therapy can potentially contribute to progressive spinal instability.
Objectives

To test the hypothesis that RFA of painful facets in the setting of spondylolisthesis may contribute to advancement of further degenerative spondylolisthesis.
Methods

Single-center, prospective, observational pilot study in an interventional pain practice. Fifteen participants with pre-existing degenerative Grade I or Grade II spondylolisthesis and coexisting axial lumbar pain underwent lumbar RFA encompassing spondylolisthesis level and followed with post-RFA imaging at 12 months and beyond to measure percent change in spondylolisthesis.
Results

The primary outcome was the percent advancement of spondylolisthesis per year measured on post-RFA lateral lumbar spine imaging compared to non-intervention baseline advancement of 2.6% per limited observational studies. Among the 15 participants enrolled, 14 completed the study (median age 66; 64.3% women; median BMI 33.5; mean follow-up time 23.9 months). The mean advancement of spondylolisthesis per year after RFA was 1.30% (95% CI -0.14 to 2.78%), with 9/14 below 1.25%.
Conclusion

Among patients with lumbar pain originating from facets in the setting of degenerative spondylolisthesis who underwent lumbar RFA, the observed advancement of spondylolisthesis is clinically similar to the baseline of 2.6% per year change. The study findings did not find a destabilizing effect of lumbar RFA in advancing spondylolisthesis in this patient population.
Augmented Reality Technology in Handball Teaching Based on Wireless Communication Environment
Authors: Fan Qin , Li Deying
Published: January 2021

With the popularization of augmented reality technology in the field of teaching, the development from traditional teaching display to classroom application has greatly promoted the information-based teaching work. The work of this study is to use augmented reality technology in a wireless communication environment to apply to handball guidance. In this study, 13 handball teachers (coaches) and 103 student athletes were selected as subjects from seven traditional handball schools in our state. All subjects were tested in the Kolb learning style test scale (klsi 1985). It is divided into four groups: group A, group B, group C, and group D, depending on the various learning styles. These correspond to type of variance, type of assimilation, type of convergence, and type of adaptation. In this study, experimental staff were divided into two groups: a traditional learning control group and an experimental group of AR technology education. The results show that the improvement value of the experimental group before and after learning is 8.65, while that of the control group is 5.625. In terms of knowledge and skills, process and method, and emotional attitude, the use of AR makes assimilative and convergent learners have better learning performance than decentralized and adaptive learners. The conclusion is that the effect of augmented reality technology under wireless communication is excellent and effective in handball teaching. This study provides a new method for intelligent teaching.
Genomics-guided identification of potential modulators of SARS-CoV-2 entry proteases, TMPRSS2 and Cathepsins B/L
Authors: Prasad Kartikay , Kumar Vijay
Published: January 2021

The entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells requires the activation of its spike protein by host cell proteases. The serine protease, transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) and cysteine proteases, cathepsins B, L (CTSB/L) activate spike protein and enabling SARS-CoV-2 entry to the host cell through two completely different and independent pathways. Given that the uncertainty of how SARS-CoV-2 infects and kills, the need for a deep understanding of SARS-CoV-2 biology is imperative. Herein, we performed genomic-guided meta-analysis to identify upstream regulatory elements altering the expression of TMPRSS2 and CTSB/L genes. Further, drugs and medicinal compounds were identified based on their effects on gene expression signatures of the modulators of TMPRSS2 and CTSB/L genes. Using this strategy, estradiol and retinoic acid have been identified as putative SARS-CoV-2 alleviation agents. Further, we analysed drug-gene and gene-gene interaction network using 332 human targets of SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The network results indicate that out of 332 human proteins, estradiol interacts with 135 (41%) and retinoic acid interacts with 40 (12%) proteins. Interestingly, a combination of both estradiol and retinoic acid interacts with 153 (46%) of human proteins acting as SARS-CoV-2 targets and affect the functions of nearly all of the SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins, indicating the therapeutic benefits of drug combination therapy. Finally, molecular docking analysis suggest that both the drugs binds to TMPRSS2 and CTSL with the nanomolar to low micromolar affinity. This study, for the first time, reports the molecules like estradiol and retinoic acid as candidate drugs against both the host proteases, TMPRSS2 and CTSB/L. We here thus suggest that these antiviral drugs alone or in combination can simultaneously target both the entry pathways and thus can be considered as a potential treatment option for COVID-19.
HIV-1 Accessory Proteins: Which one is Potentially Effective in Diagnosis and Vaccine Development?
Authors: Milani Alireza , Baesi Kazem , Agi Elnaz , Marouf Ghazal , Ahmadi Maryam , Bolhassani Azam
Published: January 2021

Background:

The combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) could increase the number
of circulating naive CD4 T lymphocytes, but was not able to eradicate human immunodeficiency
virus-1 (HIV-1) infection.

Objective:

Thus, induction of strong immune responses is important for control of HIV-1 infection.
Furthermore, a simple and perfect serological method is required to detect virus in untreated-, treated-
and drug resistant- HIV-1 infected individuals.

Methods:

This study was conducted to assess and compare immunogenic properties of Nef, Vif,
Vpr and Vpu accessory proteins as an antigen candidate in mice and their diagnostic importance in
human as a biomarker.

Results:

Our data showed that in mice, all heterologous prime/ boost regimens were more potent
than homologous prime/ boost regimens in eliciting Th1 response and Granzyme B secretion as
CTL activity. Moreover, the Nef, Vpu and Vif proteins could significantly increase Th1 immune response.
In contrast, the Vpr protein could considerably induce Th2 immune response. On the other
hand, among four accessory proteins, HIV-1 Vpu could significantly detect treated group from untreated
group as a possible biomarker in human.

Conclusion:

Generally, among accessory proteins, Nef, Vpu and Vif antigens were potentially
more suitable vaccine antigen candidates than Vpr antigen. Human antibodies against all these proteins
were higher in HIV-1 different groups than healthy group. Among them, Vpu was known as a
potent antigen in diagnosis of treated from untreated individuals. The potency of accessory proteins
as an antigen candidate in an animal model and a human cohort study are underway.
Nanodrugs as a New Approach in the Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancer with Tumor-associated Angiogenesis
Authors: Hajtuch Justyna , Niska Karolina , Inkielewicz-Stepniak Iwona
Published: January 2021

Background:

Cancer, along with cardiovascular diseases, is globally defined
as the leading cause of death. Importantly, some risk factors are common to these diseases.
The process of angiogenesis and platelet aggregation is observed in cancer development
and progression. In recent years, studies have been conducted on nanodrugs for these
diseases that have provided important information on the biological and physicochemical
properties of nanoparticles. Their attractive features are that they are made of biocompatible,
well-characterized, and easily functionalized materials. Unlike conventional drug
delivery, sustained and controlled drug release can be obtained by using nanomaterials.

Methods:

In this article, we review the latest research to provide comprehensive information
on nanoparticle-based drugs for the treatment of cancer, cardiovascular disease associated
with abnormal haemostasis, and the inhibition of tumor-associated angiogenesis.

Results:

The results of the analysis of data based on drugs with nanoparticles confirm
their improved pharmaceutical and biological properties, which give promising antiplatelet,
anticoagulant, and antiangiogenic effects. Moreover, the review included in
vitro, in vivo research and presented nanodrugs with chemotherapeutics approved by
Food and Drug Administration.

Conclusion:

By the optimization of nanoparticles size and surface properties, nanotechnology are able to deliver drugs with
enhanced bioavailability in treatment of cardiovascular disease, cancer and inhibition of cancer-related angiogenesis. Thus,
nanotechnology can improve the therapeutic efficacy of the drug, but there is a need for a better understanding of the
nanodrugs interaction in the human body, because this is a key factor in the success of potential nanotherapeutics.