bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Different types of phenolic units in lignins
Authors: Lundquist Knut , Parkås Jim
Published: June 2023

The influence of cross-linking and branching on the number of interconnections between lignin units and the number of end groups (phenolic and non-phenolic) in the lignin molecules is discussed. Branching results in an increased number of end groups. It appears from an evaluation of the literature that p-hydroxyphenylpropane units are phenolic to a larger extent than guaiacylpropane units and that such units in turn are phenolic to a larger extent than syringylpropane units. It is proposed that this is related to the relative oxidation potentials of the lignin units. Guaiacylpropane units C-substituted in the 6-position are phenolic to a large extent. Alternative explanations for this are presented.
Impact of dengue vaccination choice on Zika risk: free riders and the tragedy of the commons
Authors: Kribs Christopher
Published: June 2023

Dengue vaccination, long in development, has become controversial as it may cause antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) in dengue-seronegatives. Under partial vaccine failure, ADE increases case severity and may also affect Zika infections since the two viruses are closely related.From an individual perspective, the vaccination of others appears beneficial, but becoming vaccinated oneself may increase the risk of ADE and thus serious illness, for both diseases. From a population-level perspective, vaccination is expected to reduce the spread of dengue but increase Zika incidence. Nevertheless, prior mathematical modeling research has shown that in some cases, a small number of dengue vaccinations may reduce the final size of a Zika outbreak despite increasing its ability to spread. This study reconciles these results and then evaluates individual risks to both the vaccinated and the unvaccinated in order to connect to broader themes in complex vaccination decisions, such as free riders and the tragedy of the commons. A substantial new finding is that a dual outbreak may change which vaccination decision minimizes risk, compared to single-outbreak scenarios.
Terminal Efficiency, Lag and Dropout in Cohorts from 2007 to 2014 of Dental Students at the University of Costa Rica
Authors: Castro-Sancho Cristina , Gómez-Fernández Adrián , Fantil Romain , Gutiérrez-Marín Natalia
Published: June 2023

Determine the terminal efficiency, lag and dropout in the cohorts of students who entered the dentistry career at the Faculty of Dentistry at University of Costa Rica in the lapse 2007 to 2014. Data from 736 files were collected. The variables considered were sex, admission age, nationality, marital status, children, admission note, domicile and high school. The data was collected from the Student Application System, the physical files, and the data base from the Supreme Court of Elections of Costa Rica. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate analysis were made, which were implemented from two logistic regression models. 98% of the students were Costa Rican, 68% women, 79% entered according to the admission note, 43% entered with an age of 18 years or less, 50% came from a public school, 77 % resided in the Greater Metropolitan Area and 95% were single and remained without children. The average terminal efficiency was 6%; 46% of students have graduated with lag, 16% are still enrolled and 32% dropped out. Sex, age, admission note, and motherhood are sociodemographic variables that are associated with terminal efficiency and dropout. The average terminal efficiency in the cohorts from 2007 to 2014 in the courses at the Faculty of Dentistry University of Costa Rica was very low, almost half of the students graduated with lag and about a third dropped out the studies. The grade from the admission note seems to be a predictor of students’ academic behavior, higher grade had more chances of graduating and less likely to dropout.
Інтерактивні завдання як засіб теоретичної підготовки з фізичного виховання студентів
Authors: Nesen Olena , Klymenchenko Viktoriya , Kryventsova Iryna , Zavatska Lidiya , Tomanek Mateusz , Jagiello Wladyslaw
Published: June 2023

Передумови та мета дослідження. Gередумови дослідження полягають у викликах, які стикаються українські освітяни, таких як дистанційна форма навчання, військовий стан та цифровізація освітнього простору. Метою дослідження є встановлення впливу інтерактивних завдань з фізичного виховання на засвоєння теоретичного матеріалу студентами під час дистанційної форми навчання..
Матеріал і методи. У дослідженні брали участь студенти 1 року навчання (n=245). Студентів було розподілено на три групи: експериментальна група 1 (n=86), експериментальна група 2 (n=81), контрольна  група (n=78). Дослідження проводилося протягом 7 місяців 2022-2023 навчального року. На початку та наприкінці дослідження було проведено опитування стосовно зацікавленості дисципліною «фізичне виховання». Сутність експерименту складалася в наданні теоретичних відомостей для студентів різними методами та формами.  Протягом експерименту було тричі проведено тестування теоретичної підготовленості студентів (за допомогою google Forms). Обробку результатів дослідження проведено за допомогою ліцензованих пакетів електронних таблиць Microsoft Excel. Взаємозв’язок між показниками встановлювався за допомогою кореляційного аналізу. Достовірність відмінностей середніх величин оцінювалася за критерієм Ст’юдента, відміна вважалася достовірною при р<0,05.
Результати. Встановлено низький рівень зацікавленості студентів заняттями фізичним вихованням (52%). 19% студентів вважають високою роль фізичного виховання для підтримання особистого здоров’я. Встановлено тісний та середній кореляційний зв'язок між суб’єктивною зацікавленістю студентів дисципліною «Фізичне виховання» і їх думкою про важливість цієї дисципліни для їхньої подальшої професійної діяльності а також для підтримання власного здоров’я. Результати всіх теоретичних тестів обох експериментальних груп були достовірно кращими за результати контрольної групи (t=13.479-2.049). Після експерименту підвищився рівень зацікавленістю фізичним вихованням студентів обох експериментальних груп.
Висновки. Використання інтерактивних завдань на заняттях з фізичного виховання має позитивний вплив на ефективність вивчення та засвоєння теоретичного матеріалу студентами. За допомогою інтерактивних ігор була підвищена пізнавальна мотивація студентів, з’явився інтерес до особистого здоров’я, підвищилась відповідальність за власну діяльність з досягнення результату.
The influence of quadriceps and hamstring strength on balance performance
Authors: Yılmaz Sercan , Erdemir İbrahim
Published: June 2023

Background and Study Aim. Muscular strength and balance are important components of athletic performance, and the muscles around the knee (Quadriceps and Hamstrings) provide joint stability when the knee is in motion. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between quadriceps/hamstring (H/Q) muscle strength, Hamstring/Quadriceps (H/Q) strength ratio and balance performance.
Material and Methods. Ten male volunteers with an average age of 21.60±2.11 years, height 176.40±4.67 cm, and body weight 76.50±8.85 kg, who were students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences. Performance tests included dynamic and static balance using the Biodex Balance System and isokinetic strength using the Cybex Humac NORM®.
Results. Statistically significant (p<0.05) results in dynamic balance scores were found in the correlation of H/Q ratio and overall stability index (OSI) in the left leg (r =-0.645), and in the correlation of peak torque hamstring and anterior-posterior stability index (APSI) in the right leg (r =0.671).  Statistically significant (p<0.05) results in static balance scores were found in the correlations of peak torque quadriceps with OSI (r=-0.760) and anterior-posterior stability index (APSI) (r=-0.650) in the right leg. No statistically significant results were found for the left leg in the static balance scores.
Conclusions. As a result of the study, the relationship between quadriceps and hamstring strength and H/Q ratios and balance performance without ignoring the fact that balance is a complex feature involving the visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive systems. It can be said that muscle strength is an important factor in balance performance based on our study and other sources.
Home care experiences of mothers of children with tracheostomies – a qualitative study
Authors:   Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey, Donmez Hatice , Gozetici Elif ,   Seydişehir State Hospital Pediatric Clinic, Konya, Turkey
Published: June 2023

Introduction and aim. Parents of children who are addicted to technology have many problems in home care. This study aimed to describe the home care experiences of mothers of children with tracheostomies. Material and methods. The study adopted Husserl’s phenomenological method, a qualitative research design. The sample consisted of 23 mothers of children with tracheostomies followed up in the pediatric pulmonology outpatient clinic of a university hospital. All participants cared for their children at home. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview questionnaire. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. Results. Children (12 girls and 11 boys) had a mean age of 3.43±3.326 years. The mean age of tracheostomy insertion was 2.8±2.508 years. Seventeen children were on ventilator support. All participants were mothers with a mean age of 32.34±6.00 years. Half the mothers had primary school degrees (52.2%). The interviews revealed one main theme (burnout), three subthemes (social isolation, perception of competence, and regrets), and five categories (burden of care, fear, awareness, decisions, and role confusion). Conclusion. Mothers of children with tracheostomies experience numerous problems when they provide home care. They mostly have difficulty improving themselves and enduring role confusion. We must address the issues mothers of children with tracheostomies face during home care to reduce the prevalence of potential complications and improve the quality of care for both them and their children.
Effects of core-stabilization and trunk balance exercises on clinical parameters in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain – a randomized pilot study
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria, Fapojuwo Oluseun Akinleye , Akodu Ashiyat Kehinde ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria, Ositelu Adurayemi Esther ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria
Published: June 2023

Introduction and aim. This study compared the efficacy of core stabilization (CSE) and trunk balance exercises (TBE) with flexibility training on pain-related disability (PRD), psychological status (PS) and fear avoidance belief (FAB) in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP). Material and methods. Twenty-eight (28) participants diagnosed of NSCLBP were randomly assigned into CSE, TBE, and control groups (CG). Participants in CSE (n=10); TBE (n=8) and CG groups (n=10) received core stabilization exercise, trunk balance exercise and back care advice respectively. All participants received flexibility training in addition to treatment in their respective groups. Assessment of outcomes were done at baseline, end of 4 th and 8 th week. Results. There was significant improvement in all outcomes in the CSE, TBE and CG at 8 weeks; PRD (p=0.005, p=0.008, p=0.005), PS: depression (p=0.005, p=0.008, p=0.007); anxiety (p=0.005, p=0.007) and FAB about work (p=0.005, p=0.007, p=0.005); about physical activity (p=0.005, p=0.018, p=0.006). Comparison of outcomes between CSE and TBE groups showed no significant difference (p>0.05) Conclusion. Both CSE and TBE with flexibility training are effective in improving PRD, PS and FAB of patients with NSCLBP.
Blood pressure profile and nutritional status of pupils benefitting from the National Home-Grown School Feeding Programme in southwest Nigeria
Authors:   Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Unit, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, Ajayi Ike Oluwapo Oyeneye , Oyewole Oyediran Emmanuel ,   Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Onabanjo Oluseye Olusegun ,   Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, Olawuwo Morenikeji Folasade ,   Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Unit, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, Salisu Oluwadolapo ,   Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Unit, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: June 2023

Introduction and aim. Childhood hypertension is an important precursor to adult hypertension. This study was used to investigate blood pressure level and nutritional status of pupils in public primary schools that were benefitting from the National Home Grown School Feeding Programme in southwest Nigeria. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study conducted among randomly selected 40 public primary schools where feeding programme was on-going in Oyo and Ogun States. Pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the pupils. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure readings were assessed using relevant tools. Results. Some of the pupils (129; 41.6%) aged 10-15 years (p<0.0001) were stunted compared to those aged 5-9years (60; 11.3%). Undernutrition among pupils aged 10-15 years was 47.7%, which was significantly higher than (p<0.0001) among pupils aged 5-9 years, 18.5%. Overall, prevalence of hypertension among the pupils was 6.0%. No significant difference between male and female groups with regards to MUAC (p=0.115), blood pressure (p=0.302) and BMI-for-age (p=0.100). A significant association found between blood pressure and BMI-for-age (p=0.004). Conclusion. Prevalence of blood pressure among the pupils assessed suggests more presence of high blood pressure in the population of primary school pupils. School feeding programme could be an avenue to improve nutritional indices among the pupils.
National Center for Health Statistics’ 2019 Research and Development Survey, RANDS 3
Authors: Hu Li-Yen R. , Scanlon Paul , Miller Kristen , He Yulei , Irimata Katherine E. , Zhang Guangyu , Cibelli Hibben Kristen
Published: June 2023

This report provides a general description of RANDS 3 and presents percentage estimates of selected demographic and health-related variables from the overall sample and by one set of experimental groups in the survey.
Stressful Life Events and Healthcare Utilization Among U.S. Children Aged 2–17 Years
Authors: Black Lindsey , Ng Amanda , Benjamin Zablotsky
Published: June 2023

This report uses 2021 National Health Interview Survey data to examine the percentage of children who experienced one or more stressful life events and describe the association between such events and selected healthcare utilization indicators over the past 12 months.
As Práticas Profissionais Articuladoras (PPA) no currículo integrado do IFBA – Campus Brumado
Authors: De Araújo Marques Jádson Fábio , Gomes Marques Tatyanne
Published: June 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os elementos que promovem ou dificultam a inserção das PPAs como uma proposta institucional para fortalecimento da articulação no currículo de EMI do IFBA – Campus Brumado. A metodologia consistiu na coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas. A análise e interpretação dos dados relacionou-se com a análise qualitativa de conteúdo, pautando-se no MHD como método estruturante. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que o funcionamento dos currículos de EMI, assim como os próprios IFs, se dão à base da contradição. a PPA, apesar de suas contradições, tem se demonstrado como uma alternativa que tem contribuído para a consolidação do EMI e o fortalecimento da interdisciplinaridade nos cursos.
The Constitution of the State as a Problem of Phenomenology
Authors: Gniazdowski Andrzej
Published: June 2023

Roman Ingarden the early phenomenologist is regarded as a theorist in the area of aesthetics and ontology rather than being a political philosopher. The aim of the article is to reconstruct a non-existent philosophy of the state, one that could have been developed by Ingarden by taking as a starting point his ontological analysis of the structure of a literary work of art. In his book of 1931 Ingarden defined very broadly the literary work of art, including as its borderline cases among others scientific works, letters, memoirs etc. The thesis of the article is that state constitution may be also interpreted as a borderline case of that work. In reference to Ingarden’s analysis of stage play as the concretisation of a piece of drama, an attempt will be made to reconstruct in terms of his ontology the relation between the state constitution and the state itself.
Modern approaches in the treatment of occlusive restenosis of the arteries of the lower extremities. Case report
Authors: Anisimov S. V. , Kozlov A. V.
Published: June 2023

Chronic lower limb ischemia is becoming increasingly common among patients worldwide. This is a comorbid condition, which is accompanied by chronic pain, trophic ulcers and gangrene, as well as a decrease in the quality of life. Despite the chronic nature of ischemia, the absence of treatment is accompanied by a high rate of limb amputation and mortality. It has been proven that in patients with peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities, the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality increases. The publication proposes to consider the tactics of minimally invasive arterial revascularization in a patient with occlusive restenosis of the right superficial femoral artery. The correct choice of minimally invasive surgical treatment in combination with a complex of both non-drug (walking) and drug methods made it possible to restore viability and preserve the lower limb without unfavorable consequences for the patient’s health.
Metaverse: Bir Metafor Çalışması
Authors: ERGÜNEY Merve , TEPE Nagihan
Published: June 2023

Metaverse, Facebook'un 2021 yılında kurumsal kimliğini Meta olarak yeniden adlandırması ve bu teknoloji için 10 milyar dolar yatırım yapmayı planladığını duyurmasıyla birlikte gittikçe popülerleşen bir kavram haline gelmiştir. Gelecek için vaad edilen potansiyelleri nedeniyle metaverse, akademik çalışmaların da ilgi odağı olan bir çalışma konusudur. Bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinin Metaverse’e yönelik algılarının, “metaforlar” aracılığı ile ortaya çıkarılmasını amaçlayan olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseninde yürütülen nitel bir çalışmadır. Araştırmaya Türkiye’nin çeşitli üniversitelerinde öğrenim gören 170 üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan bir form kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracının ilk bölümü demografik bilgilerden oluşmakta, ikinci bölümünde ise Metaverse kavramına ilişkin metaforik algıları belirleyebilmek amacıyla “Metaverse………gibidir. Çünkü…………” ifadesi yer almaktadır. Veri toplama aracının giriş kısmında metafor çalışmalarının nasıl doldurulacağına ilişkin örnek bir ifade yer almaktadır. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz ve içerik analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Öğrenciler tarafından oluşturulan metaforlar içerik analizine tâbi tutularak ortak özellikleri ve benzetme odakları dikkate alınmış ve kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Katılımcılar tarafından Metaverse ile ilgili oluşturulan metaforlar incelendiğinde, “kurgu odağı”, “bilinç dışı odak”, “sanal odak”, “hayal odağı”, “dünya odağı”, “ticari odak”, “oyun odağı”, “distopik odak”, “gelecek odağı” ve “dijital ağ odağı” olmak üzere 10 farklı kategori ortaya çıkmıştır. Her kategoride yer alan kodlar katılımcıların gerekçeleri ve numaralarıyla birlikte sunulmuştur. Ayrıca tabloları yorumlarken çeşitli öğrenci görüşlerine yer verilmiştir. En çok metafor üretilen kategori “sanal odak” olarak belirlenmiştir. Belirtilen kategoriler dışında bazı metaforlar ise gösterge, ilaç, yeryüzündeki gerçeklik, robot insan, mürekkep şeklinde kodlanmıştır ancak herhangi bir kategori altında gruplandırılamamıştır. Metaverse hakkında herhangi bir fikri olmayan ve “bilmiyorum” şeklinde görüş bildiren az sayıda öğrenci de mevcuttur.
Examining Geographical Elements Through Documentary: Example of the Anısına Documentary
Authors: ÖZŞAN Tutku Melis , TURAL Ayşegül
Published: June 2023

Geography and social studies courses are studied in relation to the interaction between people and place, and alternative techniques that employ visual, auditory elements, and technological processes are supported. In this context, documentaries are among the prominent productions studied in geography topics of social studies. The main aim of this research is to examine geographical elements through documentaries. The documentary series, “Anısına” which consists of 17 episodes and focuses on different artists in each episode, is a music-themed documentary series that stands out in the study. In each episode of the related documentary series, the life story and works of the artist featured in that episode are shared with interested viewers and researchers. A qualitative research method was used in the research process, and the study was conducted in a case study pattern. In the data collection process of the research, the documentary series was examined in detail through document analysis, and in the data analysis section, main and sub-themes related to the subject were created based on the data obtained from each episode through content analysis. According to the results of the study, 9 basic geographical elements were determined as the main theme. The most recurring theme was 'calendar chronology,' while the least recurring geographical element was the theme of 'geographical events.' Based on the study's results, it is thought that using alternative teaching tools such as documentaries (e. g. Anısına Documentary) in the teaching process of geographical elements can motivate and stimulate the students' interest in the course.
ESTÍMULO À INCLUSÃO DE ESTUDANTES PPIs NO ENSINO MÉDIO INTEGRADO DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE BRASÍLIA
Authors: Santos Marcelo , Fontenele Jessiane
Published: June 2023

O presente trabalho analisou o perfil racial dos discentes do ensino médio integrado no Instituto Federal de Brasília (IFB) no quinquênio 2018-2022, partindo do pressuposto de que o acesso à educação tem que ser baseado na democracia, abrangendo todas as parcelas da população, inclusive as mais vulneráveis sob o ponto de vista social, cultural e econômico. Intentou-se verificar de que forma esse perfil é traçado de acordo com os meios de processo seletivo adotados na instituição. A análise dos dados dos ingressantes e dos concluintes em conjunto com a forma de ingresso é a base de análise deste trabalho para o entendimento do porquê determinada camada da população está abrangida e tem maior êxito quanto a finalização dos estudos na instituição em detrimento de outras instituições que compõem a mesma rede de ensino.
COMBINED EFFECT OF LOCAL THERMAL NONEQUILIBRIUM AND GRAVITY MODULATION ON THERMAL INSTABILITY IN MICROPOLAR NANOFLUID SATURATED POROUS MEDIA
Authors: Shilpee  , Bhadauria Beer S.
Published: June 2023

In the present paper an effect of gravity modulation in a horizontal parallel flat plate having micropolar nanofluid
saturated by a porous medium is examined. Local thermal nonequilibrium (LTNE) has been observed for the problem,
i.e., the fluid, particle, and solid matrix are at different temperatures. Onset of convection and heat and mass transfer
for both the cases, i.e., linear stability and nonlinear stability, is analyzed. We conclude that rate of convection in the LTNE case is faster than in the LTE case. Effect of porosity is observed in the LTNE region, which is opposite to the effect observed in the LTE region. Increase in value of A, K1, and δ delay the rate of convection. Small value of frequency of gravity modulation forms a greater number of small periods which delay the rate of convection. On increasing the value, heat transfer increases. At higher frequency of modulation we obtain the case similar to unmodulated case.
The Influence of the Regional Sectoral Structure on the Socio-economic Development of a Region
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Sorokozherdyev K. G. , Efimov E. A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: June 2023

The socio-economic development of regions and countries is an important research issue. Thus, it is necessary to identify those areas that can serve as sources of economic growth and the basis for the well-being of the population. This study aims to determine the most important sectors of the economy of a region that can contribute to its socio-economic development. For this research, the Arkhangelsk region was taken as one of the typical Russian regions that have neither significant reserves of hydrocarbons nor any large industrial complexes. In this regard, the question of possible origins of economic growth seems especially relevant. To this end, an autoregressive distributed lag model (ADL-model) was developed, which is based on quarterly data on the socio-economic development of the Arkhangelsk region for the period 2004–2019. The obtained three equations reflect the dynamics of regional socio-economic development. The study showed that the greatest influence on the socio-economic development of the region is exerted by such industries as mining, construction, and manufacturing sectors. The study can become the basis for forecasting and modelling the socio-economic development of the Arkhangelsk region in the short and medium-term. It also can be helpful for analysing the effectiveness of measures aimed at stimulating those or other industries of the region. The model can be used in developing a regional development strategy.
Sustainable Development of Cities: Rating Assessment Methodology and Risk Analysis (Using Kazakhstan as an Example)
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nurlanova N. K. , Alzhanova F. G. ,   Institute of Economics of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Satpayeva Z. T. ,   Institute of Economics of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: June 2023

World experience shows that in the context of the increase in urbanisation, the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals largely depends on the sustainability of cities. It was hypothesised that big cities in Kazakhstan are more stable than medium-sized cities and single-industry towns. The study aims to develop a modified rating assessment methodology for sustainable development of cities and test it using cities in Kazakhstan as an example in order to develop tools for planning and monitoring the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals taking into account country specifics. To this end, such methods as generalisation, concretisation, economic and statistical, factorial and comparative analysis, ranking, and mapping were used. A modified methodology for rating assessment of sustainable development of cities based on social, economic, environmental factors was proposed. The method for the mapping of sustainable development risks was utilised. The research substantiated the criteria and typology of risks of sustainable urban development, which can be adapted to country-specific circumstances. The possibility of its use was demonstrated on the example of different types and categories of cities in Kazakhstan. The study was limited due to the inaccessibility of statistical data, especially for small towns and single-industry towns. The obtained results can be used to simulate and monitor the implementation of socio-economic programmes in cities of Kazakhstan and other countries. The research findings can be used as the basis for mechanisms and tools intended to make decisions by authorities to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and develop sustainable cities.
Does Education Affect Income Inequality? A Comparative Review of Fourteen European Countries
Authors:   Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Muszyńska J. , Wędrowska E. ,   Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
Published: June 2023

For years, income inequality and its sources have remained the focus of attention of many researchers. The present article aims to expand and update the knowledge concerning the dimensions of household income inequality in European countries. The paper focuses on the association between the educational attainment and income inequality. It is hypothesised that the different level of income inequality observed in different countries can depend on the educational attainment of the society. Therefore, the main research objective of the article is to explain how the education level of the head of household affects income inequality in fourteen West-EU countries. The analysis also has two empirical aims: to assess the divergence in the mean incomes of the distinguished subgroups of households and to measure how much of the overall inequality can be attributed to the distance between these subgroups rather than to inequalities within them. To this end, the Generalised Entropy measures were applied, using the representative microdata derived from the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC). The obtained results indicate that the education level has a significant impact on the income variability between households, with some differences between countries. The study also revealed that the higher proportion of people with the lowest level of education, the higher inter-group income differentiation. Moreover, the study demonstrates that most countries with a high proportion of well-educated people also show low levels of inequality at the bottom of the distribution. This suggests that income inequality could be controlled through the development of education.
Hıristiyanlıkta Çıplak Dindarlık Sorunu
Authors: SARIKÇIOĞLU Ekrem , UYGUN Azize
Published: June 2023

Hıristiyanlıkta çıplaklık konusu, tarih boyunca çeşitli yönleriyle ele alınmış, farklı alanların ana konusu olmuştur. Bazı Hıristiyan mistikleri, özellikle de Orta Çağ'da, çıplaklık ve bedensel yoksunluk uygulamaları yoluyla kendilerini Tanrıya daha yakın hissetmişlerdir. Fakat çıplaklıkla ilgili esas problem, İsa'nın gelişiyle Tevrat hukukunun tümden kalkıp kalkmadığı ve bunun Hıristiyanları çıplaklık konusunda özgürlüğe sevk edip etmediği meselesidir. Pavlus'un cemaate girmesiyle birlikte, Tevrat şeriatının ve günahın kalkmış olduğu inancı vurgulanmıştır. Matta İncilinde bu durum şeriatın kalkmadığı şeklinde ifade edilir. Makale Hıristiyanlığın ve farklı grupların örtünme biçimlerine yönelik tarihsel bir perspektif sunarak günümüz Hıristiyan hukukunun belirsizliğinin, modern dönem bazı uygulamaların ve natürist cemaatlerin çıplaklık konusunda tartışmaları daha da arttırdığına dikkat çekmektedir. Buradan hareketle Hıristiyanlıkta çıplaklık konusunda farklı görüşlerin olduğuna, bazı cemaatlerin farklı inançlara sahip olduklarına ve bu konuda tartışmaların yaşanmasının nedenlerine değinmektedir. Makale hazırlanırken, konuyla alakalı literatür taraması yapılarak bu konuda yapılmış araştırmalar, yayınlar ve kaynaklar analiz edilmiştir. Tarihsel-kritik yöntemi kullanılarak da dini metinler, tarihî olaylar ve farklı görüşlerin analizi yapılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, tarihi kişiliklerin fikirleri ve uygulamalarına yer verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak Pavlus gibi şeriatın kalktığına inanan bazı grupların, bu inançlarından dolayı çıplaklık konusunda tenakuzda kaldıkları görülmektedir. Kilise kanunları da boşluk ve tenakuzları çözmede yeterli olamamıştır. Bu tür problemlerden dolayı Natüristler, Ademiler, Fransiskenler, Anabaptistler ve Quakerlar gibi bazı inananların, kıyafetin herhangi bir bağlayıcılığı olmadığı şeklinde radikal davranışlara sürüklendiği dikkati çekmektedir.
Yeni Dini Hareketlerde Yiyecek ve İçeceklerle İlgili Yaklaşım ve Uygulamalar
Authors: BATTAL Emine
Published: June 2023

Gıda ve beslenme, tarih boyunca dinlerin de titizlikle üzerinde durduğu bir konu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Geleneksel dinlerde olduğu gibi yirminci yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren dünyanın farklı yerlerinde faaliyet yürütmeye başlayan yeni dini hareketlerde de yiyecek ve içeceklerle ilgili yasaklama, serbest bırakma ya da tavsiye niteliğinde kurallara yer verilmektedir. Nitekim yeni dini hareketler incelendiğinde bazılarının sağlıklı yaşam felsefesi gereği, diğer bir kısmının ise ritüelik uygulamalar çerçevesinde çeşitli gıda kuralları geliştirdikleri görülmektedir. Bu ve benzeri hususlardan hareketle bu çalışmada yeni dini hareketler olarak adlandırılan yapılanmalarda ne tür yeme-içme kurallarına ya da uygulamalarına rastlandığını tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada nitel araştırma teknikleri kullanılmış; daha ziyade betimsel ve karşılaştırmalı yöntemlere başvurulmuştur. Bir araştırmada problem alanının tamamına ulaşmanın neredeyse imkânsız bir girişim olduğu aşikârdır. Bu nedenle yeni dini hareketlerin tamamının konu ile ilgili düşüncelerini tespit etmek gibi zor bir işe kalkışmaktansa yiyecek ve içecekler konusunda gerek belirledikleri kurallar gerekse geliştirdikleri ritüel ve pratikler açısından öne çıkan gruplara atıfta bulunma yoluna gidilmiştir. Neticede konu sırasıyla i) yiyecek ve içeceklerle ilgili yasaklar, ii) vejetaryen beslenmeye dair hüküm ve uygulamalar, iii) doğal beslenmeye dayalı tutum ve faaliyetler, iv) yiyecek ve içeceklerin dinî ritüellerde kullanılması ve v) perhiz ya da oruç başlıkları çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır.
El contexto social y cultural en la lectoescritura de educación media superior
Authors: Avendaño-Guevara Consuelo , Balderas-Gutiérrez Karime Elizabeth
Published: June 2023

La lectoescritura posibilita la comunicación e interacción de laspersonas con el mundo. En el caso de estudiantes de educación media superior, esta actividad se refleja en el rendimiento escolar y es fundamental para adquirir otros aprendizajes. Cuando el estudiante no ha desarrollado correctamente esta habilidad, se convierte en un problema que afecta todas sus dimensionesrelacionales. Por este motivo se planteó identificar las principalesdificultades que enfrenta el alumnado en relación con los códigos de lectoescritura en educación media superior, así como el contexto de producción de los escritos. La metodología se basó en el enfoque cualitativo de carácter exploratorio, utilizando el método de análisis de contenido. La información se obtuvomediante la recolección de 100 documentos elaborados por 20estudiantes de primer año de educación media superior de unainstitución privada del Estado de Puebla. El análisis y categorización de los escritos se realizó con el softwareATLAS.ti versión 9.0.7. Los resultados que se muestran en este trabajo parten del análisis de tres textos de producción estudiantil: cuaderno de viaje, ensayo y anecdotario. Se concluye que las prácticas de lectoescritura muestran los rasgos que definen las competencias comunicativas asimiladas en el transcurso de la vida escolar, su funcionamiento y cómo se relacionan los y las estudiantes con la sociedad. Lo que permite reflexionar sobreel diseño de nuevas estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje de lalectoescritura. El análisis y categorización de los escritos se realizó con el software ATLAS.ti versión 9.0.7. Los resultados que se muestran en este trabajo parten del análisis de tres textos de producción estudiantil: cuaderno de viaje, ensayo y anecdotario. Se concluye que las prácticas de lectoescritura muestran los rasgos que definen las competencias comunicativas asimiladas en el transcurso de la vida escolar, su funcionamiento y cómo se relacionan los estudiantes con la sociedad. Lo que permite reflexionar sobre el diseño de nuevas estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la lectoescritura.
Темные фигуры: cоциально-философский анализ фильмов Джона Карпентера
Authors: Дегтярев Евгений
Published: June 2023

Книга представляет собой первую попытку социально-философского осмысления кинематографа Джона Карпентера на русском языке. «Хэллоуин», «Нечто», «Чужие среди нас» и многие другие картины культового режиссера давно считаются классикой и традиционно привлекают внимание исследователей кино. Однако даже на Западе они нечасто становятся предметом системной рефлексии с применением последовательной научной методологии. Обращаясь к концепции «политического бессознательного» Фредрика Джеймисона, Евгений Дегтярев утверждает, что фильмы Карпентера транслируют скрытое даже от самого режиссера идеологическое содержание. По мнению Дегтярева, анализ этого содержания и социально-исторического контекста, в котором оно возникло, поможет лучше понять смысл отдельных фильмов мастера ужасов и значимость его наследия для популярной культуры в целом. Монография несомненно привлечет внимание как специалистов — киноведов, культурологов и философов, так и самого широкого круга читателей, интересующихся современным кинематографом и массовой культурой.
Вольфганг Эрнст. Как можно медленнее? О машинном (не-)ощущении «звукового настоящего» и о цифровой индифферентности по отношению ко «времени»
Authors:   Институт философии РАН, Липов А.Н.
Published: June 2023

Перевод выполнен по изданию: Wolfgang Ernst. As Slow as Possible? On the Machinic (Non-)Sense of the Sonic Present and Digital Indifference toward Time // ASAP/Journal. 2019. Vol. 4. No. 3. P. 671-688. DOI: 10.1353/asa.2019.0044 Пьеса для органа ORGAN2 / ASLSP («Как можно медленнее») — музыкальное произведение американского композитора-авангардиста Джона Кейджа, написанное им в середине 80-х г.г. и ставшее предметом одного из самых продолжительных музыкальных перформансов, когда-либо предпринятых в истории человечества, исполняется на специально построенном органе в г. Хальберштадт в Германии. Исполнение органной версии «ASLSP» началось в церкви Святого Бурчарди немецкого города Хальберштадта в 2001 году и должно продолжаться 639 лет, и его завершение, по замыслу композитора, произойдет в 2640 году. По существу, композитор разработал идею представления, рассчитанного на ожидаемую продолжительность жизни органа, а само органное произведение превратилось в неличное событие, отстраненное как от самого композитора, так и от отдельных органистов. Идея длительности исполнения пьесы основывалась на том, что первый современный клавишный орган был построен в Хальберштадте в 1361 году, за 639 лет до начала XXI века, поэтому было решено, что представление продлится 639 лет. Таким образом, то, что изначально казалось лишь утопической идеей, превратилось во впечатляющий новаторский художественный проект, партитура которого состоит из восьми страниц музыки, исполняемом на органе в исключительно медленном темпе. На основе анализа «ORGAN2 / ASLSP» в переводе научной статьи автором рассматриваются современные идеи темпоральности, от идеи цифровой индифферентности по отношению ко «времени» (для цифровых машин), до современных цифровых и технологических процессов, где относительный характер природы времени и его восприятия может служить плодотворной метафорой для нахождения сложных взаимосвязей пространственного / акустического и временного / исторического порядка, структурных аналогий между «музыкальной» и электронной темпоральностью. В свою очередь это приводит к необходимости подвергать сомнению и другие бинарные представления — о горячих и холодных медиа, цифровом и аналоговом, культуре и природе, позволяя соединить философские рассуждения в техно-эпистемологических терминах о времени с реальными технологиями в переосмыслении его природы.
THE PHILOSOPHICAL AND AESTHETIC VALUE OF RYSZARD KAPUŚCIŃSKI’S LITERARY REPORTAGES: RECEPTION IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Nakhlik Olesya
Published: June 2023

Researchers have long signalled the dynamic transformation of the information society, which has resulted in an increased interest in works belonging to the sphere of non-fiction, including literary reportage, over the past few years. This genre, on the borderline of journalism and literature, returns to the contem- porary humanity a sense of gnoseological certainty. The subject of this article is the texts of the “emperor” and founder of the Polish school of reportage Ryszard Kapuściński in their Ukrainian reception. This is the first attempt to examine the reception of the Polish reporter’s texts by Ukrainians, taking into account the dynamics and factors influencing it. Starting from the 2000s and until now, have been published the translations of “Imperium”, “Travels with Herodotus”, “A Reporter’s Self Portrait”, “The Emperor. Shah of Shahs”, “Another day of life” and finally “Ebony”. Each of these reportages showed the peculiarity of the author’s view of the world, whose basic aim was to sensitise his readers to all signs of otherness. Human dignity, reflection on difficult individual-society relations, identity problems, traumatic memory in various narratives about the Other, are the basic philosophical and ethical categories in Kapuściński’s individual method of describing the contemporary world. By going beyond stereotypes, the Polish reporter, as seen by the Ukrainian audience, shapes the principles of intercultural dialogue as a way of getting to know oneself and others, expanding one’s knowledge of the surrounding world and the values that remain unchanged regardless of historical cataclysms. A detailed emphasis in the article was placed on the reporter’s view of his mission not only to feel the Other and experience something with him, but above all to bring him closer to us so that he ceases to be an Alien.
ECHOES OF BRIGHT ACTS OF ALEXANDER ASTAFYEV
Authors:   DrohobychIvanFrankoStatePedagogicalUniversity, Zymomrya Mykola
Published: June 2023

[Radyshevskyi R. Alexander Astafyev. Life and work. Kyiv: Talkom, 2021. 192 s.]
The Academic Enclosure of American Archivist
Authors: Tansey Eira
Published: June 2023

American Archivist is the oldest journal of the US archival profession. In its first several decades of publication, a wide variety existed among the institutional affiliations of American Archivist contributors. Since the 1990s, articles authored by archivists within higher education have almost completely eclipsed articles authored by archivists from other sectors, particularly government archivists. This “academic enclosure” of American Archivist has significant ramifications for the quality and richness of our professional discourse. This is the first article to track institutional affiliations of American Archivist research article authors across nearly the entirety of the journal's publication history. The author examined the institutional affiliation of a data set of 1,799 articles printed in American Archivist from the journal's inception in 1938 through 2019. This article contextualizes the trends in institutional affiliations by reviewing the editorial policies of the journal over its eighty-year run.
College and University Archivists: Doing It All for Less
Authors: Sweetser Michelle , Chute Tamar , James Elizabeth , LaBarbara Jane , Oldham Krista
Published: June 2023

The Society of American Archivists (SAA) and its members have conducted numerous surveys of the archival profession—both of archivists as individuals and of archival institutions—through the years. In 1949, the College and University Archives Committee of SAA conducted the first survey specifically of college and university archives. Building off previous surveys, in 2021 the College and University Archives Landscape Survey was undertaken by the College and University Archives Section to gather data about the management and organization of college and university archives within the United States, as well as about the backgrounds, skills, responsibilities, and tasks in which college and university archivists are engaged. While the initial results were released to the membership, this article represents further analysis and contextualization with other professional literature. It identifies trends, similarities, and differences between surveys and eras, and it provides suggestions for future surveys and research.
Learning mobile applications development trends
Authors: Престер А.Н. , Тинькова Е.В. , Престер А.Д. , Тиньков С.А.
Published: June 2023

Показана роль мобильных приложений для организации современного учебного процесса. Представлена динамика рынка мобильных приложений, дана классификация мобильных приложений. Также показана специфика рынка мобильных приложений, заключающаяся в относительной скорости разработки нового мобильного приложения и его вывода на рынок. Проанализированы современные тенденции на рынке образовательных услуг, которые должны быть учтены при создании образовательных мобильных приложений.

The article highlights the role of mobile applications in the organization of the modern learning process, presents the dynamics of the mobile application market, gives the classification of mobile applications. It also shows the specifics of the mobile application market, which consists in the relative speed of creating a new mobile application and bringing it to market. The article analyzes the current trends in the educational services market, which should be taken into account when creating mobile learning applications.
Audio stream restoration using speech recognition methods and algorithms
Authors: Панкова А.В. , Романенков А.М.
Published: June 2023

Проведено исследование в области шумоподавления в речевом сигнале. Идентификация речи из зашумленного сигнала происходит с помощью скрытых марковских моделей изолированных слов. Предложен способ очистки речевого сигнала от посторонних шумов с применением фильтра Винера на основе эталонных слов как альтернатива методам спектрального вычитания и винеровской фильтрации с использованием образца шума. Полученные результаты отражены в программной реализации исследуемого способа фильтрации.

A study has been carried out in the field of noise suppression in a speech signal. Identification of speech from a noisy signal occurs with the help of hidden Markov models of isolated words. A method for cleaning a speech signal from extraneous noise using a Wiener filter based on reference words is proposed as an alternative to spectral subtraction and Wiener filtering methods using a noise sample. The results obtained are reflected in the software implementation of the studied filtration method.