bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distinct HIV-1 Population Structure across Meningeal and Peripheral T Cells and Macrophage Lineage Cells
Authors: Rose Rebecca , Gonzalez-Perez Maria Paz , Nolan David , Ganta Krishna Kumar , LaFleur Tessa , Cross Sissy , Brody Robin , Lamers Susanna L. , Luzuriaga Katherine
Published: September 2022

Different cell types and/or tissues may serve as a reservoir for HIV-1 during ART-induced viral suppression. We compared proviral
pol
and
env
sequences from CD3
+
T cells and CD14
+
macrophage lineage cells from brain and nonbrain tissues from two virally suppressed individuals. We found strong evidence of viral population structure among cells/tissues, which may result from distinct selective pressures across cell types and anatomic sites.
Cervimycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Display Vancomycin-Intermediate Resistant Phenotypes
Authors: Dietrich Alina , Steffens Ursula , Gajdiss Mike , Boschert Anna-Lena , Dröge Jana Katharina , Szekat Christiane , Sass Peter , Malik Imran T. , Bornikoel Jan , Reinke Laura , Maček Boris , Franz-Wachtel Mirita , Nieselt Kay , Harbig Theresa , Scherlach Kirstin , Brötz-Oesterhelt Heike , Hertweck Christian , Sahl Hans-Georg , Bierbaum Gabriele
Published: September 2022

Staphylococcus aureus
is a frequent cause of infections in both the community and hospital setting. Resistance development of
S. aureus
to various antibiotics is a severe problem for the treatment of this pathogen worldwide.
Notes on the Religiosity of Ivan III
Authors: Alekseev A. I.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the question of the religiosity of Ivan III is considered through the prism of his church policy. The behavior of the Grand Duke in various situations is also analyzed to trace some of the features of his religiosity as compared to the traditional view.
Instruments for Consolidation of the Russian State in the Second Half of the Fifteenth Century: Ficus, Service, and the Court
Authors: Arakcheev V.
Published: September 2022

The results of an investigation into the process of creating the Russian national state in the second half of the fifteenth century are given. The main directions of eliminating the political fragmentation of the Russian lands in the areas of the treasury, organization of public service, and the court of law are shown. Moscow’s fiscal policy is characterized by a desire to rely on Pomorye’s tenant communities and reduce the granting of immunities to landowners. The important role of innovations introduced into the land description system after the incorporation of Novgorod is noted. The variety in forms of service relations practiced in the united state made it possible to use in the service both traditionally organized detachments of service princes, small landowning members of the zemstvo, and cohorts of landowners. The institutions of central and local government, for all their imperfections, ensured the collection of taxes and the observance of law and order. The conflict potential of society was mitigated by the practice of filing collective petitions and judicial practices. In conclusion, the conventional ideas formed in the historiography about the type of state in Russia are revised and its characterization as a judicial monarchy is substantiated.
The Organization of Embassy Service in the Russian Lands in the Thirteenth through Sixteenth Centuries
Authors: Belyakov A. V.
Published: September 2022

The features in the development of embassy service in the Russian lands of the thirteenth through sixteenth centuries are analyzed. In particular, the circle of people such as the baksheis, begouls, kilicheis, tolmaches, and grand-prince service Tatars (Horde, delyuis, chislyaks) involved at various times in the organization and maintenance of contacts with the Golden Horde and the states that became its heirs is considered. It is concluded that many well-known components of diplomatic service have risen from the need to maintain constant contacts between the Russian principalities and the Horde khans. The terminology denoting the circle of persons involved in this service is borrowed from the official practice of the Horde. However, on Russian soil, their duties underwent evolution over time. The appearance of yams was also considered as a necessary element to ensure uninterrupted contacts between the khan and the Russian princes. Originally created to serve ambassadors and to transport tribute to the Horde, this institution has been modified with time. Observations of the distribution geography of yams in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries make it possible to determine the earliest embassy roads to the Horde.
The Itineraries of Solomonia Saburova and Elena Glinskaya
Authors: Korzinin A. L.
Published: September 2022

This article is focused on the pilgrimage travels and the journeys to towns and settlements by So-lomonia Saburova and Elena Glinskaya. The participation of the Grand Princesses of Moscow in different celebrations, formal receptions, weddings, and consecration of churches has been considered. The chrono-logy of the princesses’ departures from Moscow has been considerably clarified. The material sources (pictorial embroidery (“needle painting”) items from gold embroidery shops of the princesses, icons), which had not been previously taken for the study of the princesses’ itineraries, for the first time provided data on the pilgrimage travels of Solomonia Saburova to the monasteries of Suzdal and to the Holy Trinity St. Sergius Monastery, and of Elena Glinskaya to the St. Paphnutius Borovsk Monastery. As a result of studying the itineraries, the author has come to the conclusion that S. Saburova did not take active part in the affairs of state. The first wife of Vasilii III mainly went on pilgrimages, praying for childbearing to the Lord, to the Most Holy Mother of God, and to Russian saints. The itinerary of Elena Glinskaya is characterized by a higher richness and intensity of travels and a frequent change of location compared to the itinerary of her predecessor. Frequent pilgrimages by Elena Vasilyevna and Vasilii III were dictated by praying to God and Russian miracle workers for an heir and by expectations of conception. After the birth of Ivan IV, the schedule of travels to cloisters and the attendance of official celebrations by the Grand Princess did not become less frequent but, on the contrary, even more busy, being evidence of her increased social status and role in the court life. On the death of her husband and in view of her son’s infancy, Elena Glinskaya actually became a regent for Ivan IV from the end of August 1534. From that time she hardly ever departed from Moscow and rarely visited holy places even in the vicinity of the capital so as not to lose control over the internal affairs. The key role of Elena Vasilyevna in politics is demonstrated by her participation with her son Ivan in the negotiations with the Nogai and Kazan ambassadors in 1534–1536, as well as by her guidance, together with the boyars, of suppression of the insurrection of Andrey Staritskii in 1537. One of the additional subjects considered in this publication concerns the debatable issue of Christian double names, the regularities of choosing baptismal (simultaneously dynastic) and secular (with respect to the date of birth) names in representatives of the Moscow Rurik dynasty: Ivan III, Vasilii III, and his sons Ivan IV and Yuri.
A Paradigm Change in Energy Cooperation between Germany and Russia
Authors: Belov V. B.
Published: September 2022

Germany’s transition to a climate-neutral economy, the main parameters of which were determined by the European Green Exchange Rate (December 2019) and clarified in the updated Law on Climate Protection of Germany (June 2021) and the EU Fit-for-55 program (July 2021), leads to the abandonment of the use of primary energy sources, including their importation from Russia. The energy transformation of the German market economy presumed a gradual restructuring of the existing model of German–Russian cooperation in the energy sector, including its transfer to priority cooperation in the field of energy efficiency and renewable energy sources. Brussels and Berlin responded to the special military operation of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine with large-scale economic and political sanctions, which included significant restrictions on the import of Russian coal and oil. At the same time, the German federal authorities outlined the necessity to abandon Russian pipeline gas and petroleum products, as well as the deprivation of ownership of the two main players from the Russian Federation in the German oil and gas market—Gazprom and Rosneft. Their German partners have frozen participation in Russian projects. At the end of February, the certification of the Nord Stream-2 offshore gas pipeline was stopped. Interdepartmental state interaction and scientific and technical cooperation in the energy sector have been terminated. These events indicated the readiness of the government coalition in the short term to replace the previous model of energy cooperation, which has performed well for half a century, and to move to independence from Russian fossil resources and their derivatives. The author analyzes the reasons and content of the current measures taken by Berlin, as well as their medium- and long-term consequences for German–Russian cooperation.
Comparison of short term surgical outcomes of male and female gastrointestinal surgeons in Japan: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Okoshi Kae , Endo Hideki , Nomura Sachiyo , Kono Emiko , Fujita Yusuke , Yasufuku Itaru , Hida Koya , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Miyata Hiroaki , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Kitagawa Yuko
Published: September 2022

Objective

To compare short term surgical outcomes between male and female gastrointestinal surgeons in Japan.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Data from the Japanese National Clinical Database (includes data on >95% of surgeries performed in Japan) (2013-17) and the Japanese Society of Gastroenterological Surgery.

Participants

Male and female surgeons who performed distal gastrectomy, total gastrectomy, and low anterior resection.

Main outcome measures

Surgical mortality, surgical mortality combined with postoperative complications, pancreatic fistula (distal gastrectomy/total gastrectomy only), and anastomotic leakage (low anterior resection only). The association of surgeons’ gender with surgery related mortality and surgical complications was examined using multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for patient, surgeon, and hospital characteristics.

Results

A total of 149 193 distal gastrectomy surgeries (male surgeons: 140 971 (94.5%); female surgeons: 8222 (5.5%)); 63 417 gastrectomy surgeries (male surgeons: 59 915 (94.5%); female surgeons: 3502 (5.5%)); and 81 593 low anterior resection procedures (male surgeons: 77 864 (95.4%);female surgeons: 3729 (4.6%)) were done. On average, female surgeons had fewer post-registration years, operated on patients at higher risk, and did fewer laparoscopic surgeries than male surgeons. No significant difference was found between male and female surgeons in the adjusted risk for surgical mortality (adjusted odds ratio 0.98 (95% confidence interval 0.74 to 1.29) for distal gastrectomy; 0.83 (0.57 to 1.19) for total gastrectomy; 0.56 (0.30 to 1.05) for low anterior resection), surgical mortality combined with Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 complications (adjusted odds ratio 1.03 (0.93 to 1.14) for distal gastrectomy; 0.92 (0.81 to 1.05) for total gastrectomy; 1.02 (0.91 to 1.15) for low anterior resection), pancreatic fistula (adjusted odds ratio 1.16 (0.97 to 1.38) for distal gastrectomy; 1.02 (0.84 to 1.23) for total gastrectomy), and anastomotic leakage (adjusted odds ratio 1.04 (0.92 to 1.18) for low anterior resection).

Conclusion

This study found no significant adjusted risk difference in the outcomes of surgeries performed by male versus female gastrointestinal surgeons. Despite disadvantages, female surgeons take on patients at high risk. Greater access to surgical training for female physicians is warranted in Japan.
Profiles of frequent emergency department users with chronic conditions: a latent class analysis
Authors: Chiu Yohann Moanahere , Dufour Isabelle , Courteau Josiane , Vanasse Alain , Chouinard Maud-Christine , Dubois Marie-France , Dubuc Nicole , Elazhary Nicolas , Hudon Catherine
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Frequent emergency department users represent a small proportion of users while cumulating many visits. Previously identified factors of frequent use include high physical comorbidity, mental health disorders, poor socioeconomic status and substance abuse. However, frequent users do not necessarily exhibit all these characteristics and they constitute a heterogeneous population. This study aims to establish profiles of frequent emergency department users in an adult population with chronic conditions.

Design

This is a retrospective cohort study using administrative databases.

Setting

All adults who visited the emergency department between 2012 and 2013 (index date) in the province of Quebec (Canada), diagnosed with at least one chronic condition, and without dementia were included. Patients living in remote areas and who died in the year following their index date were excluded. We used latent class analysis, a probability-based model to establish profiles of frequent emergency department users. Frequent use was defined as having five visits or more during 1 year. Patient characteristics included sociodemographic characteristics, physical and mental comorbidities and prior healthcare utilisation.

Results

Out of 4 51 775 patients who visited emergency departments at least once in 2012–2013, 13 676 (3.03%) were frequent users. Four groups were identified: (1) ‘low morbidity’ (n=5501, 40.2%), (2) ‘high physical comorbidity’ (n=3202, 23.4%), (3) ‘injury or chronic non-cancer pain’ (n=2313, 19.5%) and (4) ‘mental health or alcohol/substance abuse’ (n=2660, 16.9%).

Conclusions

The four profiles have distinct medical and socioeconomic characteristics. These profiles provide useful information for developing tailored interventions that would address the specific needs of each type of frequent emergency department users.
Exercise training modalities in patients with lung cancer: a protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Jiaju , Lin Runhong , Zhang Chuchu , Zhang Meng , Wang Yalei , Zhang Yu
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Lung cancer is a common malignancy and a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, ranking high in terms of morbidity and prevalence. Exercise is a well-established recovery aid for many chronic respiratory conditions and lung cancer. However, it is difficult to determine the superiority of different exercise training modalities using randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or pairwise meta-analyses. Our Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to compare the impact of different perioperative exercise training modalities on lung function, exercise capacity, adverse events, health-related quality of life and mortality in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery, including preoperative and postoperative patients.

Methods and analysis

We will perform a comprehensive literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, from inception to May 2022, to identify studies that potentially provide data regarding exercise training modalities for patients with lung cancer. We will assess the risk of bias according to the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and certainty of evidence for the main outcomes using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. Pairwise meta-analyses will be conducted using a random effects model and Stata software, and the NMA will be analysed using R software.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval and patient consent were not required because this study was a meta-analysis of published RCTs. The results of this study are submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021278923.
Assessing the sensibility and utility of a short-form version of the HIV Disability Questionnaire in clinical practice settings in Canada, Ireland and the USA: a mixed methods study
Authors: O'Brien Kelly K , Solomon Patricia , Carusone Soo Chan , Erlandson Kristine M , Bergin Colm , Bayoumi Ahmed M , Hanna Steven E , Harding Richard , Brown Darren A , Vera Jaime H , Boffito Marta , Murray Carolann , Aubry Rachel , O'Shea Noreen , St Clair-Sullivan Natalie , Boyd Mallory , Swinton Marilyn , Torres Brittany , Davis Aileen M
Published: September 2022

Objectives

The Short-Form HIV Disability Questionnaire (SF-HDQ) was developed to measure the presence, severity and episodic nature of health challenges across six domains. Our aim was to assess the sensibility, utility and implementation of the SF-HDQ in clinical practice.

Design

Mixed methods study design involving semistructured interviews and questionnaire administration.

Participants

We recruited adults living with HIV and HIV clinicians in Canada, Ireland and the USA.

Methods

We electronically administered the SF-HDQ followed by a Sensibility Questionnaire (face and content validity, ease of usage, format) and conducted semistructured interviews to explore the utility and implementation of the SF-HDQ in clinical practice. The threshold for sensibility was a median score of >5/7 (adults living with HIV) and>4/7 (HIV clinicians) for ≥80% of items. Qualitative interview data were analysed using directed content analysis.

Results

Median sensibility scores were >5 (adults living with HIV; n=29) and >4 (HIV clinicians; n=16) for 18/19 (95%) items. Interview data indicated that the SF-HDQ represents the health-related challenges of living with HIV and other concurrent health conditions; captures the daily episodic nature of HIV; and is easy to use. Clinical utility included measuring health challenges and change over time, guiding referral to specialists and services, setting goals, facilitating communication and fostering a multidisciplinary approach to care. Considerations for implementation included flexible, person-centred approaches to administration, and communicating scores based on personal preferences.

Conclusions

The SF-HDQ possesses sensibility and utility for use in clinical settings with adults living with HIV and HIV clinicians in three countries.
Strengthening Care for Children (SC4C): protocol for a stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial of an integrated general practitioner-paediatrician model of primary care
Authors: Khano Sonia , Sanci Lena , Woolfenden Susan , Zurynski Yvonne , Dalziel Kim , Liaw Siaw-Teng , Boyle Douglas , Freed Gary L , Moore Cecilia , Hodgins Michael , Le Jane , Morris Tammy Meyers , Germano Stephanie , Wheeler Karen , Lingam Raghu , Hiscock Harriet
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Australia’s current healthcare system for children is neither sustainable nor equitable. As children (0–4 years) comprise the largest proportion of all primary care-type emergency department presentations, general practitioners (GPs) report feeling undervalued as an integral member of a child’s care, and lacking in opportunities for support and training in paediatric conditions. This Strengthening Care for Children (SC4C) randomised trial aims to evaluate a novel, integrated GP-paediatrician model of care, that, if effective, will improve GP quality of care, reduce burden to hospital services and ensure children receive the right care, at the right time, closer to home.

Methods and analysis

SC4C is a stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) of 22 general practice clinics in Victoria and New South Wales, Australia. General practice clinics will provide control period data before being exposed to the 12-month intervention which will be rolled out sequentially each month (one clinic per state) until all 22 clinics receive the intervention. The intervention comprises weekly GP-paediatrician co-consultation sessions; monthly case discussions; and phone and email paediatrician support, focusing on common paediatric conditions. The primary outcome of the trial is to assess the impact of the intervention as measured by the proportion of children’s (0–<18 years) GP appointments that result in a hospital referral, compared with the control period. Secondary outcomes include GP quality of care; GP experience and confidence in providing paediatric care; family trust in and preference for GP care; and the sustainability of the intervention. An implementation evaluation will assess the model to inform acceptability, adaptability, scalability and sustainability, while a health economic evaluation will measure the cost-effectiveness of the intervention.

Ethics and dissemination

Human research ethics committee (HREC) approval was granted by The Royal Children’s Hospital Ethics Committee in August 2020 (Project ID: 65955) and site-specific HRECs. The investigators (including Primary Health Network partners) will communicate trial results to stakeholders and participating GPs and general practice clinics via presentations and publications.

Trial registration number

Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry 12620001299998.
Protocol for the implementation evaluation of an integrated paediatric and primary care model: Strengthening Care for Children (SC4C)
Authors: Hodgins Michael , Zurynski Yvonne , Burley Jade , Pelly Rachel , Hibbert Peter D , Woolfenden Susan , Le Jane , Germano Stephanie , Khano Sonia , Morris Tammy Meyers , Wheeler Karen , Hiscock Harriet , Lingam Raghu
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Implementation evaluations provide insight into how interventions are delivered across varying contexts and why interventions work in some contexts and not in others. This manuscript outlines a detailed protocol of an implementation evaluation embedded in a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial of a model of care, Strengthening Care for Children (SC4C), that integrates paediatric care in general practice. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the pragmatic methods that will be used to capture implementation evaluation process and outcome data within this trial.

Methods and analysis

Our implementation evaluation will use a mixed methods design, with data collected in the intervention arm of the SC4C trial guided by a logic model developed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and Proctor and colleague’s taxonomy of implementation outcomes. Data collection will be via questionnaires and semistructured interviews with general practitioners, paediatricians, general practice administrative staff and children and families. Each of the 21 general practices recruited into the study will be described in terms of staffing, patient throughput and location, in addition to the nuanced inner and outer contexts, use of the intervention and its acceptability. We will quantify implementation effectiveness in each general practice clinic using the CFIR validated scoring system. Importantly, we have embedded data collection post intervention to enable assessment of the sustainable adoption of the intervention. An inductive approach to the analysis of qualitative data will identify additional emerging themes that may not be covered by the formal frameworks underpinning our analysis.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval was granted by the Royal Children’s Hospital Ethics Committee in August 2020 (HREC: 65955). Results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.

Trial registration number

Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry 12620001299998 on 1 December 2020.
Team approach to fall reduction in paediatric ward of national referral hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan: a quality improvement initiative
Authors: Chhetri Kalpana , Rinchen Ugyen , Lamichaney Gitanjali , Kinley Bhutan , Dorji Sangay
Published: September 2022

Falls are common and preventable adverse events that occur in a hospital setting. Falls can cause pain, damage, increase cost and mistrust in the health system. Inpatient fall is a multifactorial event which can be reduced with multistrategic interventions.

In this project, we aimed to reduce the fall rate in paediatric ward of Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Bhutan by 25% from the baseline over a period of 6 months by focusing on fall risk assessment, staff education on fall prevention measures and devoting more attention to patients at high risk of fall.

We tested three sets of interventions using the Plan–Do–Study–Act approach. For the first cycle, emphasis was on staff education in terms of proper use of fall risk assessment form, risk categorisation and fall prevention advice. In the second cycle, in addition to the first we introduced the ‘high risk of fall package’ and the third cycle focused on early and easy identification of high-risk patients by continuous fall risk assessment and use of high risk of fall sticker.

We observed that at the start of the quality improvement project despite our intervention the fall rate of our ward went up but as we continued adding more ideas focusing on high risk patients, we could achieve a fall reduction of 49.3% from the base line by end of third cycle. Our ward saw fall free days of almost 90 days at the end of project.

We conclude that inpatient falls occur due to multiple factors therefore a multi-pronged strategy is needed to prevent it. One of the prime preventive strategy is identifying patients who are at high risk of fall and concentrating attention to those patients.
Opioids in advanced cancer: use, storage and disposal in the home
Authors: Mercadante Sebastiano , Adamoli Lucia , Bellavia Giuseppe , Castellana Luisa , Favara Tommaso , Insalaco Lavinia , Mauceri Marco , Scibilia Carla , Lo Mauro Mario , Lo Cascio Alessio , Casuccio Alessandra
Published: September 2022

Objectives

To determine the patterns of storing, using and disposing of opioids among patients with advanced cancer followed at home.

Methods

Patients who were prescribed opioids were selected. Prescribed opioids and their doses used for background pain and breakthrough pain were collected, as well as CAGE (cut down, annoyed, guilty and eye opener) for alcohol and drugs, smoking and history of illicit substance use. Questions regarding the opioid use, storage and disposal were posed.

Results

100 patients were surveyed. Fifty-one patients had unused opioids at home, 25 patients did not throw away the drugs, 40 patients saved opioids for future use and 35 patients were unaware of proper opioid disposal methods. A total of 28 patients reported unsafe use by sharing or losing their opioids; 12 patients were unaware that their opioid could be fatal when taken by others. Most patients acknowledged that pain medications could be dangerous when taken by others. Patients with a partner and who were married were more likely to keep their opioids locked (p=0.028 and p=0.025, respectively).

Conclusion

A large number of patients with advanced cancer followed at home do not store, use and dispose of opioids safely. Patient education programmes should be incorporated to decrease the availability of opioids at home for abuse, diversion, and accidental poisoning.
On Hilbert’s 16th Problem for Some Discontinuous Piecewise Differential Systems
Authors: Bakhshalizadeh Ali , Nyamoradi Nemat
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we study the number of limit cycles for discontinuous piecewise differential systems formed by two differential systems separated by a straight line, when these differential systems are quadratic isochronous centers in a half-plane and the cubic isochronous centers in the other one. We deal with eight classes of discontinuous piecewise differential systems formed by these types of isochronous centers, and we provide an upper bound for the maximum number of limit cycles for these classes that can exhibit. Also, we show that the corresponding maximum number of limit cycles in four classes is reached.
Packing Entropy of Saturated Sets for Nonuniformly Hyperbolic Systems
Authors: Ji Yong , Chen Ercai , Zhou Xiaoyao
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we prove that for a nonuniformly hyperbolic system [Formula: see text], and for every convex and compact subset [Formula: see text] with the same hyperbolic rate, the packing entropy of saturated set [Formula: see text] equals the supremum of the metric entropy of all measures in K. Here [Formula: see text] denotes the set of all [Formula: see text]-invariant Borel probability measures supported on [Formula: see text]. As an application, we describe the size of the set of mean Li–Yorke pairs.
Bifurcations in Asymptotically Autonomous Hamiltonian Systems Subject to Multiplicative Noise
Authors: Sultanov Oskar A.
Published: September 2022

The effect of multiplicative stochastic perturbations on planar Hamiltonian systems is investigated. It is assumed that perturbations fade with time and preserve a stable equilibrium of the limiting system. The paper investigates bifurcations associated with changes in the stability of the equilibrium and with the appearance of new stochastically stable states in the perturbed system. It is shown that depending on the structure and the parameters of the decaying perturbations, the equilibrium can remain stable or become unstable. In some intermediate cases, a practical stability of the equilibrium with estimates for the length of the stability interval is justified. The performed stability analysis is based on a combination of the averaging method and the construction of stochastic Lyapunov functions.
Topic-Based Unsupervised and Supervised Dictionary Induction
Authors: Liu Yuzhi , Piccardi Massimo
Published: September 2022

Word translation is a natural language processing task that provides translation between the words of a source and a target language. As a task, it reduces to the induction of a bilingual dictionary, which is typically performed by aligning word embeddings of the source language to word embeddings of the target language. To date, all the existing approaches have focused on performing a single, global alignment in word embedding space. However, semantic differences between the various languages, in addition to differences in the content of the corpora used for training the word embeddings, can hinder the effectiveness of such a global alignment. For this reason, in this article we propose conducting the alignment between the source and target embedding spaces by multiple mappings at topic level. The experimental results show that our approach has been able to achieve an average accuracy improvement of +3.30 percentage points over a state-of-the-art approach in unsupervised dictionary induction from languages as diverse as German, French, Italian, Spanish, Finnish, Turkish, and Chinese to English, and +3.95 points average improvement in supervised dictionary induction.
Artificial Intelligence Based Customer Churn Prediction Model for Business Markets
Authors: Faritha Banu J. , Neelakandan S. , Geetha B.T , Selvalakshmi V. , Umadevi A. , Martinson Eric Ofori
Published: September 2022

The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies in recent years has resulted in improved company performance. Customer churn forecast is a difficult problem in many corporate sectors, particularly the telecommunications industry. Because customer churns have a direct impact on a company's total revenue, telecommunications firms have begun to develop 76 models to reduce churns at an earlier stage. Previous research has revealed that AI and ML models are effective CCP solutions. According to this viewpoint, this study proposes a unique AI-based CCP model for Telecommunication Business Markets (AICCP-TBM). The AICCP-TBM model's purpose is to control the existence of churners and non-churners in the telecom sector. The proposed AICCP-TBM model employs a Chaotic Salp Swarm Optimization-based Feature Selection (CSSO-FS) method for the best feature assortment. In addition, a Fuzzy Rule-based Classifier(FRC) is used to distinguish between client churners and non-churners. A technique known as Quantum Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO) is used to pick the membership functions for the FRC model in order to improve the classification performance of the FRC model. The performance of the AICCP-TBM model is validated using a benchmark CCP dataset and the experimental results are reviewed from several angles. In relations of presentation, the imitation consequences demonstrated that the AICCP-TBM model surpassed the most recent state-of-the-art CPP models. The suggested AICCP-TBM method's comparative accuracy was thoroughly tested on the three datasets used. Using datasets 1-3, this technique obtained better levels of accuracy, with the maximum attainable values being 97.25 %, 97.5 % and 94.33 %. The simulation results for the AICCP-TBM model demonstrated improved prediction performance.
Conciliatory Anti-Allergic Decoction Attenuates Pyroptosis in RSV-Infected Asthmatic Mice and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced 16HBE Cells by Inhibiting TLR3/NLRP3/NF-κB/IRF3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chen Ya-qin , Zhou Yan , Wang Qi-li , Chen Jian , Chen Hua , Xie Hui-hui , Li Lan
Published: September 2022

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection can deteriorate asthma by inducing persistent airway inflammation. Increasing evidence elucidated that pyroptosis plays a pivotal role in asthma. Conciliatory anti-allergic decoction (CAD) exhibits an anti-inflammatory effect in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma; however, the effects and mechanisms of CAD in RSV-infected asthmatic mice have not yet been elucidated. The RSV-infected asthmatic mice model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced 16HBE cell pyroptosis model were established, respectively. Pulmonary function, ELISA, and histopathologic analysis were performed to assess the airway inflammation and remodeling in mice with CAD treatment. Furthermore, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was conducted to identify the chemical compounds of high-dose CAD (30 g/kg). Cell viability and apoptosis of 16HBE cells were assessed by CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Finally, the expression levels of apoptosis-, pyroptosis-, and TLR3/NLRP3/NF-κB/IRF3 signaling-related genes were measured with qRT-PCR or western blotting, respectively. Pulmonary function tests showed that CAD significantly ameliorated respiratory dysfunction, airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation cell recruitment in BALF, pulmonary inflammation, collagen deposition, and cell death in lung tissues. CAD significantly decreased the content of TNF-α, IL-13, IL-4, IL-1β and IL-5 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), IL-17, IL-6, and OVA-specific IgE in serum and increased serum IFN-γ in asthma mice. The results of UPLC-Q-TOF/MS showed that high-dose CAD had 88 kinds of chemical components. In vitro, CAD-contained serum significantly suppressed LPS-induced 16HBE cell apoptosis. Additionally, CAD and CAD-contained serum attenuated the up-regulated expressions of Bax, Cleaved caspase-3, NLRP3, ASC, Cleaved caspase-1, GSDMD-N, IL-18, IL-1β, TLR3, p-P65, p-IκBα, and IRF3 but increased Bcl-1 and GSDMD levels in the asthma mice and LPS-induced 16HBE cells, respectively. These results illustrated that CAD may have a potential role in improving airway inflammation and pyroptosis through inhibition of the TLR3/NLRP3/NF-κB/IRF3 signaling pathway.
Dynamic Response Analysis of Buried Drainage Pipes for Polymer Grouting Trenchless Rehabilitation under the Traveling Wave Effect
Authors: Miao Fengyang , Li Weiguo , Xu Jianguo , Chen Zhihao , Feng Xiaoyu
Published: September 2022

The polymer grouting nonexcavation repair technology has been widely used in the repair of underground pipeline leaks, but the seismic response to the polymer repair pipeline is currently using a consistent excitation of seismic input without considering the influence of the traveling wave effect. This paper establishes the longitudinal and transverse vibration models of the polymer grout repair pipeline considering the traveling wave effect based on the elastic foundation beam theory. The seismic input uses artificially generated random seismic waves and solves the differential equations for pipeline vibration to carry out seismic response analysis of long‐buried pipelines under three conditions: normal, vacant, and polymer grouting repair. The results show that after considering the traveling wave effect, the reaction of each measuring point on the pipeline has obvious phase characteristics, and the waveform of the distant measuring point has an obvious hysteresis phenomenon; the seismic wave velocity has a great influence on the deformation of the pipeline, and the displacement amplitude of the pipeline increases with the increase of the seismic wave velocity. The peak of pipeline displacement after vacancy will increase by 100%∼300% more than normal, while the difference in pipeline deformation after high polymer grouting is about 25% compared with normal, which means that the bottom vacant will have a great influence on pipeline deformation, and high polymer repair can restore the pipeline mechanical properties to normal levels.
[Retracted] Assessment of Awareness and Practice toward Diabetic Ketoacidosis among Diabetic Patients and Their Caregivers in Hail Region
Authors: Alreshidi Nahlah Fahad , Altamimi Sultan Saud , Alharbi Abdulrhman Naif , Al-Shamry Fahad Faisal Eid , Alsharari Abdulrahman Rabah , Alkhateeb Abdulrahman Ahmed , Alharbi Muhannad Fatim
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most serious consequences of diabetes. This serious issue occurs when the body cannot use the glucose as a source of energy because of a lack in the level of insulin which as consequence will lead to an increased level of glucose resulting in DKA. Aim. The goal of this study was to increase diabetic patients’ and caregivers’ awareness and practice of DKA at the community level in Hail City, Saudi Arabia, in 2022. The assessment of people’s awareness and knowledge on DKA is importance to support any subsequent actions. Subjects and Methods. This is a cross‐sectional study conducted in Hail City, Saudi Arabia, among diabetic patients and carers. A self‐administered questionnaire in Arabic was given to the target demographic via an internet survey. The questionnaire includes basic demographic data (i.e., age, gender, and marital status), clinical characteristics of the diabetic patients, and a set of questionnaires to assess the awareness and practice of the subjects regarding DKA. Results. 348 surveys were received (51.1% males vs. 48.9% females). A total of 29.9% of patients have been diagnosed with DKA. Out of a possible 14 points, the average awareness score was 5.22 (SD 3.39). Poor awareness levels had been found in nearly 70% of the subjects, 23.6% were moderate, and only 8.6% were considered good. Factors associated with increased awareness were being younger, female gender, unmarried, students, type 1 DM, DKA diagnosis, and having good information about DKA. Conclusion. The awareness of diabetic patients and their caregivers toward DKA was unsatisfactory. Younger female patients who were single and who had been diagnosed with DKA tend to be more aware of DKA as compared to other subjects. There is a compelling reason to bridge the gaps in the awareness of DKA among the diabetic population and their caregivers in our region.
[Retracted] Study on Nano Drug Particles in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease in the Elderly
Authors: Li ChangQing , Xiang Yu , Wang Yunqian , Li Ping
Published: September 2022

Objective. To study the clinical effect of nano drug particles in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in the elderly, we promote the research on the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and provide basis. Methods. 80 patients with Alzheimer’s disease treated in our hospital from April 2021 to April 2022 were selected as the research objects and were divided into the reference group and the observation group by random number table method. The reference group was given traditional treatment drugs, and the observation group was given nano drug particles. The treatment effect, blood lipid level, cognitive function status, and comprehensive effective rate of the two groups were compared, and the treatment data of the patients were scored by ADL and MMSE scale to understand the intelligence level and daily living ability of the patients. Results. From the comparison results, it is found that the blood lipid level of the control group was in the normal range. The cognitive function of the control group was also better than that of the reference group. The scores of ADL and MMSE in the control group were higher than those in the reference group. The effective rate of the control group was also higher than that of the reference group; P < 0.05, with statistical significance. Conclusion. In the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in the elderly, nano drug particles have good stability and less toxic and side effects, improve the ability of daily living of patients, and have good clinical treatment effect, which is worthy of clinical application.
Decreased Jumonji Domain-Containing 3 at the Promoter Downregulates Hematopoietic Progenitor Kinase 1 Expression and Cytoactivity of T Follicular Helper Cells from Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients
Authors: Luo Shuaihantian , Xie Yuming , Huang Junke , Liu Juan , Zhang Qing
Published: September 2022

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are overactivated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and contribute to excessive immunity. Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), as an inhibitor of T cells, is underexpressed in SLE Tfh cells and consequently induces autoimmunity. However, the reason for downregulation of HPK1 in SLE Tfh cells remains elusive. By combining chromatin immunoprecipitation with quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays, it was found that histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) at the HPK1 promoter in SLE Tfh cells elevated greatly. We also confirmed jumonji domain-containing 3 (JMJD3) binding at the HPK1 promoter in SLE Tfh cells reduced profoundly. Knocking down JMJD3 in normal Tfh cells with siRNA alleviated enrichments of JMJD3, H3K4me3, and mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) 1 at the HPK1 promoter and increased H3K27me3 number in the region. HPK1 expression was lowered, while Tfh cell proliferation activity, IL-21 and IFNγ secretions in the supernatants of Tfh cells, and IgG1 and IgG3 concentrations in the supernatants of Tfh-B cell cocultures all upregulated markedly. In contrast, elevating JMJD3 amount in SLE Tfh cells by JMJD3-overexpressed plasmid showed opposite effects. The abundances of H3K4me3 and MLL1 at the HPK1 promoter in SLE Tfh cells were greatly attenuated. Our results suggest that deficient JMJD3 binding at the promoter dampens HPK1 expression in SLE Tfh cells, thus making Tfh cells overactive, and ultimately results in onset of SLE.
Homozygous Autosomal Recessive DIAPH1 Mutation Associated with Central Nervous System Involvement and Aspergillosis: A Rare Case
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Hossein , Noeiaghdam Rafat , Johari Leila , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Nabavizadeh Sayyed Hesamedin , Alyasin Soheila Sadat
Published: September 2022

The DIAPH1 gene fulfills critical immune and neurodevelopmental roles. It encodes the mammalian Diaphanous-related formin (mDia1) protein, which acts downstream of Rho GTPases to promote F-actin polymerization and stabilize microtubules. During mitosis, this protein is expressed in human neuronal precursor cells and considerably affects spindle formation and cell division. In humans, dominant gain-of-function DIAPH1 variants cause sensorineural deafness and macrothrombocytopenia (DFNA1), while homozygous DIAPH1 loss leads to seizures, cortical blindness, and microcephaly syndrome (SCBMS). To date, only 16 patients with SCBMS have been reported, none of whom were from Iran. Furthermore, aspergillosis is yet to be reported in patients with homozygous DIAPH1 loss, and the link between SCBMS and immunodeficiency remains elusive. In this study, we shed further light on this matter by reporting the clinical, genetic, and phenotypic characteristics of an Iranian boy with a long history of recurrent infections, diagnosed with SCBMS and immunodeficiency (NM_005219.5 c.3145C > T; p.R1049X variant) following aspergillosis and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection.
Interpretability of Composite Indicators Based on Principal Components
Authors: Boudt Kris , d’Errico Marco , Luu Hong Anh , Pietrelli Rebecca
Published: September 2022

Principal component approaches are often used in the construction of composite indicators to summarize the information of input variables. The gain of dimension reduction comes at the cost of difficulties in interpretation, inaccurate targeting, and possible conflicts with the theoretical framework when the signs in the loading are not aligned with the expected direction of impact. In this study, we propose an adjustment in the construction of principal component approaches to avoid these problems. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated in defining the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations’ Resilience Capacity Index, which is used to measure household-level resilience to food insecurity. We conclude that the robustness gain of using the new method improves the reliability of the composite indicator.
[Retracted] Study on the Relationship and Correlation between Turnover Tendency of Emergency Nursing Staff and Social and Work Factors
Authors: Zhu Shengnan , Sun Keyu , Ye Liping , Jiang Fan , Wang Rui
Published: September 2022

The relationship and correlation between emergency nursing staff turnover intention and social and work factors are explored. A total of 110 nurses in the emergency department of our hospital from February 2021 to October 2021 are selected as the research subjects. A questionnaire survey is conducted among all the nurses. By comparing with the general information of the emergency nurses, the scores of turnover tendency, social support, workplace violence, and job burnout scales of the emergency nurses are calculated. Multifactor logistic regression is used to analyze the influencing factors of turnover tendency of emergency nursing staff, and Spearman correlation coefficient is used to analyze the correlation between turnover tendency of emergency nursing staff and its influencing factors. The results of the survey show that age, education level, social support, workplace violence, and job burnout can all affect the turnover tendency of emergency nursing staff. Managers should pay more attention and take reasonable measures to avoid staff turnover.