bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal trend of mortality due to Parkinson’s disease in older people in Brazil, 2002-2021
Authors: Figueiró Thamara Hubler , Zorzi Viviane Nogueira de , d’Orsi Eleonora , Rech Cassiano Ricardo , Hillesheim Danúbia
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the epidemiological profile and analyze the temporal trend of deaths due to Parkinson’s disease among the elderly in Brazil from 2002 to 2021. Methods Descriptive and temporal trend study using data from the Mortality Information System. Annual percent change (APC) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using the Prais-Winsten regression model. Results Among the 57,723 deaths, there was a higher frequency in males (54.7%), individuals aged ≥ 80 years (57.7%), and White individuals (75.0%). Mortality trends increased in both males (APC = 3.32; 95%CI 2.49; 4.16) and females (APC = 2.81; 95%CI 1.80; 3.82); across all age groups, particularly ages 70-79 (APC = 4.93; 95%CI 2.98; 6.91); and in all Brazilian regions, especially the Northeast (APC = 6.79; 95%CI 4.35; 9.30). Conclusion Deaths due to Parkinson’s disease were more frequent among males and the oldest age groups, with an increasing mortality trend observed over the period.
Tendência temporal da mortalidade por doença de Parkinson em pessoas idosas no Brasil, 2002-2021
Authors: Figueiró Thamara Hubler , Zorzi Viviane Nogueira de , d’Orsi Eleonora , Rech Cassiano Ricardo , Hillesheim Danúbia
Published: December 2024

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever o perfil epidemiológico e analisar a tendência temporal das mortes por doença de Parkinson entre pessoas idosas no Brasil, 2002-2021. Métodos Estudo descritivo e de tendência temporal com dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. A variação percentual anual (VPA) e os intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) foram estimados pelo modelo de regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados Dos 57.723 óbitos identificados, observou-se maior frequência no sexo masculino (54,7%), idade ≥ 80 anos (57,7%) e raça/cor da pele branca (75,0%). Houve tendência de aumento da mortalidade nos sexos masculino (VPA = 3,32; IC95% 2,49;4,16) e feminino (VPA = 2,81; IC95%1,80;3,82); em todas as faixas etárias, com ênfase na de 70 a 79 anos (VPA = 4,93; IC95% 2,98;6,91); e em todas as regiões brasileiras, principalmente no Nordeste (VPA = 6,79; IC95% 4,35;9,30). Conclusão Na população de estudo, os óbitos por DP foram mais frequentes no sexo masculino e nas idades mais avançadas. Houve tendência de aumento da mortalidade pela doença no período.
IN/EXCLUSÃO DE ESTUDANTES COM DEFICIÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E SUPERIOR: O ETHOS MERITOCRÁTICO
Authors: Silva do Nascimento Cleide , Graff Patricia
Published: December 2024

O estudo tem a in/exclusão de estudantes com deficiência na Educação Profissional (EP) e na Educação Superior (ES) como temática investigativa e problematiza os efeitos da teoria do capital humano e da meritocracia nas práticas de in/exclusão experienciadas por estudantes com deficiência (EcD) na EP e na ES. A pesquisa fundamenta-se na perspectiva pós-crítica e filia-se ao campo dos Estudos Foucaultianos, assumindo a prática como conceito ferramenta para a produção e a análise da materialidade de pesquisa.  O ponto de partida do texto são as práticas mapeadas nas falas dos estudantes. A partir delas, promove interlocuções entre as práticas e a dimensão dos saberes e dos sujeitos da matriz de experiência inclusiva. O exercício analítico trouxe à superfície a concepção de inclusão e de deficiência dos EcD e, um conjunto de práticas de (con)vivência pautadas pela teoria do capital humano e pelo ethos meritocrático. Mostrou que as subjetividades produzidas pela racionalidade neoliberal conformam, na EP e na ES, uma zona de (des)conforto, com situações que se alternam entre um relativo estado de conforto, efeito principalmente, de práticas de invisibilização, normalização e naturalização das barreiras, e o estado de desconforto causado pela presença dos EcD e pela necessidade de (com)viver e de promover práticas inclusivas. A competição é balizadora das práticas de (com)vivência entre os estudantes e a teoria do capital humano sustenta o descrédito, também por parte dos professores, nas potencialidades dos EcD. Essas duas ordens confluídas resultam em práticas de discriminação negativa.
Sayda Hz. Ömer Camii (Camii-i Kebir) Vakfı 1844-1908
Authors: Çelik Kürşat
Published: December 2024

Sayda, günümüzde Lübnan Devleti sınırları içerisinde bulunmaktadır. Bu şehir, kadim bir geçmişe sahip olup tarih boyunca çeşitli devletlerin hâkimiyeti altına girmiştir. Hz. Ömer döneminde Müslümanların kontrolüne geçmiş olan Sayda, Yavuz Sultan Selim’in 1516’daki Mısır seferiyle Osmanlı hâkimiyetine girmiştir. 1918 yılına kadar Osmanlı idaresinde kalan şehir, bu tarihten itibaren Fransızların işgaline uğramıştır. Sayda’nın, Osmanlı hâkimiyeti altına alınması ile birlikte şehirdeki vakıflar da kayıt altına alınmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti, kendinden önceki vakıfların varlığını sürdürmesi için gereken çaba ve gayreti göstermiş ve bunun neticesinde vakıflar Osmanlı’nın son dönemine kadar varlıklarını sürdürmüşlerdir. Bu çalışmada, 1844-1908 yılları arasındaki evkâf muhasebe defterlerine göre Sayda Hz. Ömer Camii vakfının gelir ve giderlerinin tür ve sayıları ile vakıfta çalışan personelin unvan ve almış oldukları ücretleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Araştırmanın temel amacı Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemlerinde Sayda Hz. Ömer Camii Vakfı’nın ekonomik yapısının analizini yaparak, vakfın şehir ekonomisindeki yeri ile verdikleri hizmetlerde zaman içerisinde geçirmiş oldukları sosyal ve iktisadi değişimlerin ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Bu çalışma ile doğal afetler sonucunda zarar gören ve ekonomik gücü yetersiz olan vakıfların nasıl ihya edildiği, devlet yetkililerinin vakıf eserlere karşı duyarlılığı tespit edilmiştir.
Selected issues of criminal case (criminal prosecution) termination by the prosecutor at the stage of reliminary investigation completion
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Istomin Andrey G.
Published: December 2024

In Russia, every fifth criminal case was terminated in courts in 2020–2023. At the same time, investigators of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in 2021–2023 terminated only every twentieth criminal case, and inquiry bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia every tenth. In absolute numbers, the courts terminated twice as many criminal cases as preliminary investigation bodies. The author analyzes the reasons for such an imbalance and suggests specific measures that need to be taken to reduce the workload of the court, ensure the earliest possible resolution of a social conflict, and restore the rights of the victim. Since the prosecutor, on behalf of the state, carries out criminal prosecution and supervises the preliminary investigation bodies, the author focuses on their work and the powers that need to be expanded and adjusted to improve the work of law enforcement agencies. The reasons lie in the prosecutor’s lack of direct procedural opportunities to terminate criminal cases (criminal prosecution) at the stage of approving the results of the preliminary investigation, as well as in the vagueness of the wording of the guidelines of the Prosecutor General’s Office, regulating the supervision of inquiry bodies, on the need for the prosecutor to consider the termination a criminal case in the presence of obvious grounds. The situation is aggravated by the prevalence of departmental interests of the preliminary investigation bodies, which are often interested in sending criminal cases to court rather than terminating them at the preliminary investigation stage. Prosecutors, having, in accordance with Art. 226 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the powers to terminate criminal cases completed by the investigative bodies and sent for approval of the indictment are used extremely rarely – less than 0.1% of criminal cases are terminated by them. The author proposes a solution to the problem by granting prosecutors additional powers to terminate a criminal case (criminal prosecution) after receiving a criminal case sent for approval of the indictment: changing the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the preliminary investigation bodies and the prosecutor’s office by amending the requirements of official statistics and reporting, and specifying the content of the directives of the Prosecutor General’s Office of Russia.
Foreign experience in protecting minors’ sexual inviolability
Authors:   Baikal State University, Kornakova Svetlana V.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the legislation of a number of foreign countries concerning the protection of sexual inviolability of minors. The aim of the study was to determine the features of the criminal policy of foreign countries in this area. A comparative analysis of the normative regulation of protective and preventive measures reflected in the relevant legal acts of a number of foreign countries showed that, in European countries, the criminal policy in this regard has a more lenient punishment for sexual assault against minors, but, at the same time, the system of measures to prevent it is more developed. In the criminal policy of eastern countries, on the contrary, a low level of legal protection of minors is noted with much stricter sanctions for committing violent sexual crimes against minors. It is concluded that, from a preventive point of view, the experience of some European countries is more progressive. One of the most effective measures to prevent sexual crimes against minors is the creation of an open registry of persons convicted of committing such crimes. This registry is usually publicly available on the website of the Ministry of Justice, with the convicted persons data, photograph, and place of residence so that anyone who wishes can check their neighbor or their child’s new acquaintance there. In the USA, restrictions have been introduced on the choice of place of residence for persons who are on this registry (they cannot live near schools, kindergartens, or other children’s educational or leisure organizations). This measure has also been repeatedly criticized, since this registry labels the convicted person as a pedophile for life, which deprives them of the opportunity for resocialization. This definitely is a disadvantage of this measure, but it seems that the safety of children is more important than the opportunities for the realization of a person who has previously deprived their victims of this opportunity through their illegal actions. As for Russia, it seems that the presence of such a registry could affect the effectiveness of preventing recurrent sexual crimes against minors at the early stages of their commission. At the same time, it seems that this registry should still have limited access, for example, for law enforcement officers, employees of educational institutions, kindergartens, employment centers, etc.
1xBWT buffer v1
Authors: Schmidt Anna , Patova Anya , Meyer Matthias
Published: December 2024

Protocol for the preparation of 1xBWT buffer (Maricic et al. 2010), which is used in various protocols of the Ancient DNA Core Unit of the MPI-EVA, especially those involving streptavidin bead binding and washing. References Maricic, T., Whitten, M., Pääbo, S. (2010) Multiplexed DNA sequence capture of mitochondrial genomes using PCR products. PLoS One, 16;5(11):e14004. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014004
Clinical and prognostic significance of T-regulatory cells and CD28 expression on T-lymphocytes in patients with immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Chuksina Yu. Yu. , Zakharov S. G. , Mitina T. A. , Khmelevskaya A. N.
Published: December 2024

Background. The leading role in the control of the immune response and peripheral tolerance is played by T-regulatory cells, as well as costimulatory molecules C28 on T-lymphocytes, which are necessary for effective activation. While T-regulatory cells in immune thrombocytopenia (IT) are actively studied in order to find an effective influence on their functions, publications on the study of costimulation processes in this disease are quite rare. Given the pronounced immunosuppressive effect of glucocorticosteroids (GCS) used in the treatment of patients with IT, it seems particularly relevant to study the role of T-regulatory cells and the expression features of costimulatory C28 molecules on T-lymphocytes to expand our understanding of the disease pathogenesis and justify new approaches to treating patients in real clinical practice.

Aim. To evaluate the clinical and prognostic significance of T-regulatory cells and C28 expression on peripheral blood T-lymphocytes in patients with newly diagnosed IT and resistant to GCS therapy.

Materials and methods. The content of T-regulatory cells and C28 expression features on peripheral blood T-lymphocytes were studied by flow cytometry in 18 patients with newly diagnosed IT and 19 patients resistant to GCS therapy. Thirty healthy individuals were examined as a control group.

Results. A significant (p ˂ 0.05) decrease in the content of classical T-regulatory cells (C4+C25+hiC127–) was revealed both in patients with newly diagnosed IT and in those resistant to GCS, while no significant differences were found in C8+C28– peripheral T-regulatory cells level in patients with IT of both groups compared to healthy individuals. In patients with IT of both groups, a significant increase in the proportion of T-helper (p < 05; p ˂ 01, respectively) and cytotoxic C8+ (p ˂ 0.05; p ˂ 0.01, respectively) T-lymphocytes expressing C28 was found compared to normal values. The level of T-helper lymphocytes (C4+C28–) was 2 times higher in the group of patients with resistance to GCS compared to newly diagnosed IT patients, and 3.5 times higher compared to healthy individuals.

Conclusion. T-regulatory cells and expression of C28 costimulatory molecules play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of IT. A significant increase in the content of the C4+C28null lymphocyte population (C4+C28–) in the peripheral blood of IT patients can be a prognostic criterion for GCS resistance, which may require a revision of the treatment strategy.
Spontaneous remission of acute myeloid leukemia in children. Case series and literature review
Authors: Klyukhin V. V. , Kalinina I. I. , Salimova T. Yu. , Osipova I. V. , Shapiro V. Yu. , Sharapova G. R. , Maschan A. A.
Published: December 2024

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignant neoplasms, the substrate of which is the clonal proliferation of myelopoiesis progenitor cells. The key AML features are uncontrolled proliferation and arrest of cell differentiation, which leads to specific damage of various organs and systems; in the absence of specific therapy, death occurs quite quickly.

Spontaneous AML remission is considered a rare phenomenon. In 1878, the first mention of AML clinical manifestations regression after acute infectious disease was made, but the remission was short and a relapse soon occurred.

The article presents a literature review and 3 clinical cases, systematizing information on known cases of spontaneous AML remission in children. Attention is focused on various mechanisms that may contribute to spontaneous AML remission in children. These may be either immune-mediated reactions to leukemic cells or the influence of infectious agents, which in some cases activate antitumor immunity. In some cases, a direct correlation is observed between the presence of infectious processes and a decrease of tumor cells number, which emphasizes the importance of further studying the molecular mechanisms of interaction between immune and tumor cells.

There is no evidence of a correlation between age and spontaneous remission. Spontaneous remission, although rare, may be a significant factor to consider when planning a treatment strategy.

Further clinical studies are needed to better understand the spontaneous remission mechanisms in childhood AML. This may lead to improved treatment results and increased chances of a favorable outcome for patients.
Development of a preclinical model of myeloid tumors with high immune checkpoints expression
Authors: Senichkina D. A. , Shakirova A. I. , Epifanovskaya O. S. , Gaponenko I. N. , Pyatiizbyantsev T. A. , Belotserkovskaya E. V. , Malyshecheva A. B. , Lepik K. V. , Moiseev I. S.
Published: December 2024

Background. Myelodysplastic syndrome is a group of malignant blood diseases with a high risk of transformation into acute myeloid leukemia. One treatment approach is to target immune checkpoints (ICs) that are overexpressed on tumor cells. To develop these drugs, relevant models are needed for highthroughput screening and study of these biologically active substances, since traditionally used models (mouse and patient biomaterials) are difficult to access, financially and laborintensive, and are characterized by poorly reproducible results.

Aim. To develop a model based on a human myeloid cell line with increased expression of L1 and TIM3 to study the activity of ICs inhibitors, the presence of which in the tumor microenvironment in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia was associated with a high risk and worse prognosis.

Materials and methods. Initial testing of the L1 and TIM3 basal expression level was carried out on cell lines: TH1, HL60, OCIAML2, OCIAML5, KG1, MonoMac1. Induction of IC expression was carried out using interferon γ. Analysis of marker expression was carried out 24 hours after induction of ICs expression and addition of MK2206 using flow cytometry.

Results. Basal expression of the studied ICs receptors was absent in all of them, except for KG1; TIM3 was present in 88.4 ± 7.1 % of cells, and L1 – in 88 ± 8.5 %. The addition of interferon γ at a concentration of 50 ng/mL to the MonoMac1 culture led to a significant increase in the proportion of TIM3 and L1 expressing cells (53.3 ± 12.2 and 97.3 ± 1.1 % respectively, compared to 0.1 ± 0.1 and 0.1 ± 0.1 % without interferon γ), and for TH1 only L1 expression (87.5 ± 20 %, control 0.1 ± 0.1 %) was observed at the concentration of interferon γ in a medium of 50 ng/mL, while the proportion of cells expressing TIM3 was 6.9 ± 10 % (control 0.1 ± 0.1 %).

Conclusion. The KG1 line, which constantly expresses significant levels of target ICs, as well as TH1 and MonoMac1, which are induced by 50 ng/mL interferon γ, were selected as a model with increased L1 and TIM3 expression based on a human myeloid cell line. The model efficiency was confirmed by the rational response to the IC pathway inhibitor.
Metabolic profile of blast cells in acute myeloid leukemia. Literature review
Authors: Khaliulin A. V. , Zanin I. I. , Lyamin A. V. , Davydkin I. L. , Selezneva I. A.
Published: December 2024

The article presents a review of new data on blast cells metabolism and its regulatory mechanisms in acute myeloid leukemia. Particular attention is given to the role of reactive oxygen species in the regulation of signaling pathways and metabolic processes, as well as their influence on the aggressiveness and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in acute myeloid leukemia. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species are associated with altered activity of enzymes and proteins involved in cell proliferation and survival. The article also discusses data on the iron role in the formation of malignancy in acute myeloid leukemia.
Malnutrition screening and nutritional support for cancer patients. Clinical guidelines and features of their application in real practice
Authors: Gevorkov A. R. , Snegovoy A. V.
Published: December 2024

Malnutrition is a significant problem for patients with hematological neoplasms and solid tumors, serving as a negative prognostic and predictive factor that reduces the effectiveness of anticancer therapy and worsens survival outcomes.

The article discusses the role of nutritional support in improving treatment outcomes, reducing complications, and enhancing the quality of life for cancer patients. It reviews current clinical guidelines for the implementation of nutritional support in oncology and oncohematology, underscoring the necessity of early intervention and continuous monitoring to prevent and address nutritional deficiencies. Various methods of nutritional support, including oral, enteral, and parenteral nutrition, are also discussed, with an emphasis on the importance of a personalized approach to meet the individual needs of patients.
Minimal residual disease and outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with acute leukemia
Authors: Galtseva I. V. , Parovichnikova E. N. , Davydova Yu. O. , Kapranov N. M. , Nikiforova K. A. , Chabaeva Yu. A. , Kuzmina L. A. , Konova Z. V. , Kastrikina I. S. , Aleshina O. A. , Lukianova I. A. , Troitskaya V. V. , Gaponova T. V. , Kulikov S. M.
Published: December 2024

Background. One approach to improving overall and relapsefree survival for patients with acute leukemia is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). The probability of relapse after alloHSCT in acute leukemia patients may be influenced by many factors, including the presence of minimal residual disease (MR) before alloHSCT. Aim. To evaluate the relationship between MR presence in first complete remission and probability of relapse after alloHSCT in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Materials and methods. The study included 241 patients: 143 with AML and 98 with ALL (30 patients with hpositive leukemia, 22 patients with Tcell ALL and 46 patients with cell ALL) who received alloHSCT at the National Medical Research Center for Hematology from September 2015 to July 2021. The MR analysis was performed using flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed using IM SSS v. 23 (SA).

Results. nivariate event analysis revealed that in AML patients, poor prognosis was most associated with MRpositive status before alloHSCT (hazard ratio (HR) 10.249 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 4.137–25.388); p ˂ .0001). Multivariate analysis included MRpositive status before alloHSCT (HR 9.161 (95 % CI 3.513–23.652); p < 001), ELN risk (HR 4.423 (95 % CI 1.764–11.092); p ˂ 0.0034), and transplant source (bone marrow/peripheral stem cells) (HR 3.068 (95 % CI 1.188–7.924); p ˂ 0.0156). Threeyear overall and relapsefree survival of AML patients in the first complete remission with MRpositive status were statistically significantly worse than in patients with MRnegative status (overall survival 43 % versus 78 %; p = 0.0004; relapsefree – 26 % versus 67 %; p ˂ .0001). In the univariate event analysis, it was found that MRpositive status before alloHSCT (HR 4.180 (95 % CI 1.333–13.112); p = 0.0142) was most associated with an unfavorable prognosis in ALL patients. In the multivariate analysis, only the MR status before alloHSCT was selected (p = 0.0005). The overall survival of MRpositive ALL patients, although significantly worse, did not differ statistically significantly from that of MRnegative patients who received alloHSCT in the first complete remission (28 % versus 68 %; p = 0.09).

Conclusion. MR analysis before alloHSCT helps to identify a group of patients with an extremely high risk of relapse after transplantation, which dictates the need to correct therapeutic tactics regarding the choice of donor, conditioning regimen, immunosuppressive therapy, or early prophylactic antirelapse therapy.
Personalized genotype-directed antitumor therapy for newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: efficacy and toxicity of the R-CHOP-X protocol in a single-center, non-randomized, prospective clinical trial (first results)
Authors: Mingalimov M. A. , Baryakh E. A. , Misyurin A. V. , Kesaeva L. A. , Mkrtchyan A. S. , Misyurina E. N. , Tolstykh T. N. , Orlova M. S. , Akhmadeeva A. A. , Chudnova T. S. , Ivanova D. D. , Kochneva O. L. , Zotina E. N. , Makeshova A. B. , Andreev S. S. , Yatskov K. V. , Samsonova I. V. , Lysenko M. A.
Published: December 2024

Background. Diffuse large cell lymphoma (LCL) is a potentially curable biologically heterogeneous lymphatic tumor. Standard RCHO therapy shows disappointing results, both immediate and longterm. To improve efficacy without additional toxicity, it is worth considering the possibility of using biologically oriented therapy.

Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and toxicity of the genotypedirected RCHO in patients with newly diagnosed LCL in real clinical practice.

Materials and methods. A singlecenter prospective interventional clinical study included 30 patients with newly diagnosed LCL between September 2023 and September 2024. The median age was 60 (38–78) years. According to the international prognostic index, 23 (77 %) patients were classified as having a high risk of progression. Genotype incidence in the study cohort: MC– 7 %, N1 – 20 %, N2 – 7 %, EZ– 16 %, ST2 – 7 %, NOS – 43 %.

Results. 30 patients received personalized genotypedirected therapy. Of these, 21 (70 %) patients completed treatment: the overall response rate was 100 % (complete metabolic response – 100 %). 9 (30 %) patients continue therapy: the overall response rate is 100 %. At 12 months, overall survival and progressionfree survival were 100 % (95 % confidence interval 100 %). Hematological toxicity was assessed depending on the number of cycles (n = 144): grade III–I neutropenia was detected in 7 % of cycles, grade III–I anemia and grade III–I thrombocytopenia in 1.4 and 3.5 % of cycles, respectively. Nonhematological toxicity was generally grade ≤I–II.

Conclusion. The results of this clinical trial are promising and provide preliminary evidence for the benefit of personalized genotypedirected antitumor therapy in newly diagnosed LCL. This therapeutic strategy demonstrates high clinical efficacy, particularly in the main target group – LCL with a high risk of progression with low toxicity. Further randomized studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness and implement the new approach in routine clinical practice.
A RELIGIOUS STUDIES ANALYSIS OF FEMINIST CONCEPTS IN ANCIENT ROME
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, SHAVRINA Iryna
Published: December 2024

B a c k g r o u n d . This article is a comprehensive study of feminist ideas that can be found in ancient Roman society in the religious paradigm. The paper examines the socio-legal, religious, cultural and political conditions that shaped women's lives, analysing how these conditions both constrained and empowered women, challenging the perception of feminism as a purely modern phenomenon.

M e t h o d s . This attempt is made possible by the use of a cross-disciplinary approach, since this issue is fully revealed, taking into account cultural, sociological, historical and political aspects. The study emphasises the complexity of gender dynamics in the religious context, demonstrating how these dynamics have contributed to the broader development of feminist thought.

R e s u l t s . Illustrating how women functioned in a society where their roles were predetermined, as well as how they exercised their rights and challenged restrictions, makes it possible to understand the intentions of the desire for gender equality as far back as antiquity and enriches our understanding of the evolution of feminist ideas. Since the socio-cultural dimension is largely determined by the religious factor, the latter is given special attention. The article examines how religious practices and narratives shaped norms and ideas about the role, place and importance of women in society, and how the transition from paganism to Christianity affected their lives. Also in focus is the problem of female priesthood (the phenomenon of vestal women) as a social lift, since the specificity of these roles, on the one hand, granted women a certain autonomy, which was limited by default in a patriarchal society, and allowed them to integrate into socio-political processes and even exert some influence on them. On the other hand, the institution of the priesthood imposed significant restrictions on a woman's personal space, completely regulating her private life.

C o n c l u s i o n s . Since the social context of Ancient Rome is a controversial historical and cultural layer, the study of feminist concepts in the light of the religious studies paradigm is a particularly interesting and challenging attempt to reconstruct the problem of women in the Ancient period.
Regional aspects of availability of expectorants and antitussive drugs
Authors: Timiryanova V. М. , Samorodov А. V. , Valiullina Z. А. , Prudnikov V. B. , Krasnoselskaya D. Kh.
Published: December 2024

Background. In the Russian Federation (RF), the problems of supplying the population with medicines are associated with both their physical and economic accessibility, which are heavily dependent on such various external shocks as pandemic, special military operation and other ones. There is a regional differentiation in the availability of individual drugs and their price levels, which determines the variability of market responses to external shocks and government-developed mechanisms for stabilizing markets.

Objective: to reveal regional availability dependencies of antitussive drugs and expectorants.

Material and methods. The study was carried out using data from the online retail sales analytics service in the RF, which forms a database based on cash receipts containing information on the sales price of 55 drugs for the period from January 1, 2021 until December 31, 2023 in the context of 83 RF constituent entities. Analysis included assessment of the structure of medicines sold by their composition, place of production, inclusion in the list of vital and essential drugs, as well as dynamics, variations and spatial autocorrelation of prices, availability of medicines in the regions of RF.

Results. Range availability increased for 35 out of 55 drugs under review while all of them in 2023 were represented only in 5 RF constituent entities. Prices were characterized by high variation both in trade names (TNs) and RF constituent entities, varying from 13% (Doktor MOM®) to 181% (Kuka). The dynamics of prices for domestic and foreign produced drugs until 2022 and after this timepoint differed. The economic availability of medicines in terms of TNs and RF constituent entities was in a very wide range (from 0.003 to 1.4 daily median income). These differences were not chaotic, but spatially dependent: positive spatial autocorrelation of prices was established.

Conclusion. The analysis revealed different economic accessibility and range availability of drugs in regions where external shocks have a significant influence on their dynamics. At the same time, we observed the variability of the restoration rate of spatial equilibrium of drug markets in terms of TNs, that should be considered when designing stabilization activities.
El concepto de nación en José Antonio Primo de Rivera y Vox: Un análisis comparativo del ultranacionalismo fascista y de derecha radical
Authors: Seijo Boado Ismael
Published: December 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las similitudes y diferencias del concepto de nación en José Antonio Primo de Rivera, fundador y líder de Falange Española, del usado en Vox, partido de derecha radical. En primer lugar, se introduce el nacionalismo español como fuente principal que ayuda a comprender las posiciones de José Antonio y de Vox. En segundo lugar, se estudia el concepto de nación de José Antonio como manifestación del ultranacionalismo fascista, atendiendo su relación con otros elementos del pensamiento falangista, como la idea de imperio o la «revolución pendiente». En tercer lugar, se expone el concepto de nación de Vox, analizado como un ultranacionalismo de derecha radical fundamentado por el unitarismo, la catolicidad y la homogeneidad étnica y cultural. Finalmente, se señalan los factores de continuidad y discontinuidad entre el ultranacionalismo fascista de José Antonio y el ultranacionalismo de derecha radical de Vox.
Interacción y narrativas del orden regional: Colombia, Chile y Perú en la Alianza del Pacífico
Authors: Guerra-Barón Angélica
Published: December 2024

¿Cómo se gestan los cambios del orden regional, qué papel juega el lenguaje en la creación de esquemas regionales y quiénes lo estructuran? Las concepciones contrapuestas sobre el deber ser de la integración suramericana del siglo xxi impulsaron regionalmente la idea de conformar la Alianza del Pacífico entre Colombia, Chile y Perú. El análisis crítico del discurso develó una etapa de la interacción región-agencias, el rol del lenguaje presidencial, las dinámicas de interacción discursiva y los procesos entre agentes-actores-región para diferenciarse de las narrativas y prácticas de otros esquemas regionales caribeños y latinoamericanos.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE BRÁQUETE DE ZIRCONIA POR MEIO DO SISTEMA CAD/CAM
Authors: Ferreira Coutinho Ingrid , de Almeida Figueiredo João Paulo , Da Silveira Fernandes Vanessa , Esposti Veloso Machado Cyntia , De Lima Gomes Patrick , Dos Santos Claudinei , De Oliveira Magnago Roberto
Published: December 2024

The application of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology in the development of dental prostheses has brought about significant innovations in the field of dentistry. This advance is based on the development of a virtual model through direct digital scanning of the mouth, models, or molds. This technology allows the scanned structure to be projected and mapped in three-dimensional (3D) modeling software, such as SolidWorks, facilitating the creation of parts with a significant reduction in clinical and laboratory time. It is a low-cost alternative to brackets produced by conventional injection methods. The objective of this study is to manufacture zirconia brackets by CAD/CAM milling at three different scales (real, 2x, and 3x) and assess the feasibility and quality of the final products
Computational Thinking in Primary School Using Educational Robots: Construction and Validation of an Assessment Tool
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities & NICA, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal, Santos Ana Isabel ,   CIE-ISPA, Lisbon, Portugal
Published: December 2024

The aim of this paper is to present the construction, testing and validation of an instrument to assess the Computational Thinking skills of elementary school children, a tool that was developed as part of the PeCOT project, a research and pedagogical intervention project that seeks to introduce robotics activities in primary school classrooms, using the robot Azbot-1C, designed by the research team. The instrument whose validation we present is designed to assess the impact of the activities on the development of children’s computational thinking considering four essential competences: algorithmic thinking, patterns, decomposition, and abstraction. It takes the form of an activity sheet describing problems of different levels of complexity related to each of the four CT competences, which the children must solve for about an hour, in order assess the development of these skills in the children who will participate in the educational robotics activities that will be implemented during the second year of the project. Eight children aged between 8 and 10 took part in this validation. They answered the challenges at two different moments during the school year, thus reinforcing the instrument’s reliability. The results of solving each problem were scored, unforeseen situations were recorded and the analysis of the tasks presented made it possible to adjust the assessment tool in terms of its clarity, length and complexity. Ultimately, the instrument should be a valid contribution to help teachers and researchers observe and assess CT skills of children of this age, especially those currently carrying out activities related the implementation of the CT Project in the Azores.
Enhancing Learning Outcomes by Implementing Segmentation Principles and Generative Activities in Instructional Videos
Authors:   Doctoral Program in Educational Technology, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Singaraja, Indonesia, Prabawa Dewa Gede Agus Putra
Published: December 2024

Combining design and pedagogy aspects was pivotal for enhancing active student engagement. This research aimed to develop an innovative instructional video by implementing the principles of segmentation and generative activity. The resultant video was intended to be valid, compelling, and effective in enhancing learning outcomes. Employing a development research approach utilizing the 4D model, the video underwent rigorous evaluation across four stages: an expert review, a one-to-one evaluation, a small group evaluation, and a field evaluation. The study engaged two experts—one media expert who also served as an instructional design expert and one content expert—as well as three students for individual evaluation, 12 students for small-group evaluation, and 19 students for field evaluation. Data were obtained through questionnaire instruments administered to both experts and students, and a multiple-choice test was used to assess the video’s effectiveness. Utilizing a one-group pretest-posttest design, the study employed a correlated sample t-test to analyze pretest and posttest data. Findings from expert evaluations indicated exceptional validity in instructional design and media elements, with content quality deemed appropriate. Furthermore, the video’s attractiveness was classified as being in the good category. The t-test demonstrated a significant improvement in student learning outcomes (p = 0.003), underscoring the video’s effectiveness in enhancing comprehension through segmented content presentation and interactive features such as questioning, explanations, descriptions, and summarizations.
An observational study on global longitudinal strain in acute coronary syndrome and its correlation with coronary angiogram
Authors: Raghupathi A. , Kannan P. , Veeramani C. , Sivanesan P.
Published: December 2024

Background: Coronary angiography (CA) is crucial for diagnosing acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and assessing coronary artery disease (CAD), enabling healthcare providers to determine treatment options and assess the risk of cardiovascular events. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a sensitive marker of cardiac function. This study aimed to determine the correlation between GLS in ACS and CA findings.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the cardiology department of the Salem government medical college. The study involved transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to assess LV volumes, ejection fraction (EF), and LVGLS and strain analysis using 2D echocardiography to measure regional longitudinal peak systolic strain in different LV segments. CA was performed to visualise the coronary vessels and detect significant CAD.
Results: The study population consisted predominantly of male patients (n=93, 62%), with notable smoking (n=48, 32%) and alcohol consumption (n=36, 24%). A significant majority of the patients (n=111, 74%) exhibited ECG abnormalities. Obstruction was present in 82% of the patients (n=123), with those showing impaired myocardial function compared to those without obstruction. GLS values below 13.95 were more common in patients with obstruction (n=8 out of 11), indicating reduced myocardial deformation. The GLS demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance for detecting significant coronary artery obstruction, with a high sensitivity of 88.89%, specificity of 90.63%, and overall accuracy of 90.24%.
Conclusions: Our study revealed a strong correlation between reduced GLS and CAD, highlighting its importance in CAD assessment and risk stratification in ACS. GLS demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance for detecting significant CAD, showing high sensitivity and specificity.
Adaptabilidad local en movimientos de derecha: una aproximación a la UNPF en Chihuahua y Ciudad de México en la actualidad
Authors: Molina Fuentes Mariana Guadalupe
Published: December 2024

Este artículo apunta a la necesidad de comprender los movimientos de derecha como entidades complejas y dinámicas, cuyas manifestaciones locales distan de la homogeneidad. Para explorar esta premisa se presenta una aproximación a la Unión Nacional de Padres de Familia (UNPF) y su activismo en dos entornos urbanos –Chihuahua y la Ciudad de México–, bajo la conjetura de que, pese a su carácter nacional, la organización muestra una notable adaptabilidad local. Para explorar dicho supuesto, este texto presenta un análisis comparativo a partir de las demandas centrales; el tipo de acciones emprendidas; las redes de apoyo; la capacidad de interlocución con actores gubernamentales y partidistas, y la capacidad de movilización de la organización en sus representaciones locales. Aquí se estipula que la supervivencia de la UNPF a lo largo del tiempo se explica por la solidez de sus demandas centrales, pero también por la flexibilidad en sus estrategias a partir de las condiciones políticas y sociales locales.
MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY OF SUTURE MATERIALS USED DURING TOOTH EXTRACTION OPERATION
Authors: Pchelyakov Alexey , Lizunova Irina , Saushkina Alina , Hang Nga Ha Thi , Diachkova Ekaterina , Tarasenko Svetlana , Gorshkov Kirill , Kuznetsov Alexei
Published: December 2024

Subject. Suture materials used during the “tooth extraction” operation at the Department of Surgical Dentistry of the Institute of Dentistry named after. E.V. Borovsky, First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov, from 2021 to 2024, and their microbial contamination in the oral cavity.
Objectives. Identification of the most commonly used suture materials that is least susceptible to bacterial contamination on the socket of an extracted tooth in the postoperative period.
Methodology. Based on the Department of Surgical Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry named after E.V. Borovsky, Sechenov University, conducted two sequential studies: analysis of 74 outpatient records of patients for 2022–2024, who underwent tooth extraction surgery, to identify groups of the most used suture materials; microbiological examination of 4 types of suture material, 12 samples each (n = 48) on the 7th day after removing the suture from the socket of the extracted tooth.
Results. According to the results of chart analysis, after tooth extraction surgery, a suture was placed on the socket in 43 patients (58.10%): polypropylene – 10 threads (23.56%); polyglycolide – 5 threads (11.63%); natural material – 1 thread (2.33%); polyamide – 10 threads (23.56%); caprolactam – 13 threads (30.23%); polytetrafluoroethylene – 4 threads (9.30%). Based on these data, a list of suture materials used for further research was compiled: polypropylene, polylactide, polyglycolide. According to the results of a microbiological study of the most frequently encountered microorganisms (Rothia mucilaginosa, Str. Sanguinis, S. epidermidis) as well as the total bacteriological contamination of the suture material on day 7, monofilament suture materials made of polypropylene and caprolactam were less prone to the formation of bacterial plaque (p < 0.05) compared to polyglycolide materials.
Conclusion. The materials of choice during tooth extraction surgery, as they are least susceptible to microbial adhesion, can be monofilament surgical threads.
FLUOROSIS OF PRIMARY TEETH: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Kisel'nikova Larisa , Khudr Diana
Published: December 2024

Subject. Foreign and domestic studies on fluorosis of primary teeth. Dental fluorosis is a malformation in which the structure of hard dental tissues of the teeth changes during their formation due to excessive fluoride intake. There are many studies on fluorosis of permanent teeth. Problems associated with fluorosis of primary teeth are covered much less frequently. An analysis of such studies is presented in this review.
Objectives. Analysis of foreign and domestic studies on fluorosis of primary teeth.
Methodology. The search for publications was carried out on the PubMed platform, in the eLibrary electronic library and in the MEDLINE databases, according to the specified keywords. In the course of the research, an independent search and analysis of scientific articles was carried out, as well as their systematization and ordering in the reference lists of literature.
Results. During the analysis of literary sources it was revealed that fluorosis also occurs in prinary teeth, the prevalence of the disease in some countries was determined, the features of fluorosis in prinary teeth and the factors of its occurrence were identified. The main problems have been identified in the form of a lack of data on methods of prevention of caries of primary teeth and features of its treatment in children living in the endemic zone of fluorosis.
Conclusion. The analysis of the available literature sources shows that the topic of fluorosis of primary teeth is insufficiently covered.
In foci of endemic fluorosis, along with fluorosis of permanent teeth, fluorosis of temporary teeth is also found. In primary teeth, a mild and very mild degree of fluorosis is more often observed. The most pronounced changes are visualized on the teeth of the chewing group, especially on the primary second molars, which are formed at later stages of development. This pattern may indicate that fluorosis of primary teeth is mainly due to postnatal exposure to fluoride. Fluorosis of primary teeth can be a predictor of fluorosis of permanent teeth. Dental fluorosis is an important medical and social problem that requires further study and updating of treatment and preventive measures.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PROPERTIES OF ORAL FLUID AND THE QUALITY OF PERFORMED RESTORATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPOTHYROIDISM
Authors: Griroriev Sergey , Bushueva Elizaveta , Kozmenko Anastasia , Gainetdinov Maksim , Zornikov Danila , Urgunaliev Bakyt
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Introduction. Primary hypothyroidism refers to a common pathological condition associated with thyroid hormone deficiency. Among all thyroid diseases, its share reaches 20%, while the detection rate tends to grow steadily every year in all age groups. An urgent task remains to study the dental status against the background of thyroid diseases developing as a result of iodine deficiency, as well as due to a relative shortage of thyroid hormones.
The purpose of the work is to identify the relationship between the quality of the performed restorations and the properties of oral fluid in patients with primary hypothyroidism.
Materials and methods. The main study cohort included 60 women with a primary diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism aged 44–59 years. The comparison group consisted of 30 patients without thyroid pathology, identical in sex and age. All patients were evaluated for salivary gland secretory activity, oral fluid properties, and quality of direct oral restorations performed.
Results. In the main group of the study, a decrease in the salivation rate, an increase in the viscosity of the oral fluid and a shift in saliva pH to the acidic side relative to the results obtained in the comparison group were detected. Assessment of the quality of direct restorations performed showed an increase in the number of their insolvency in patients of the main group, relative to the comparison group.
Discussion. Deficiency of thyroid hormones in primary hypothyroidism is accompanied by a change in the properties of the oral fluid and the quality of direct restorations performed in the oral cavity in the distant period.
Conclusion. The identification of the relationship between dental and somatic health parameters will allow the development of a new treatment approach in patients with primary hypothyroidism.