bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intrinsically magnetic susceptibility in human blood and its impact on cell separation: Non-classical and intermediate monocytes have the strongest magnetic behavior in fresh human blood
Authors: Gómez-Pastora Jenifer , Kim James , Multanen Victor , Weigand Mitchell , Walters Nicole , Reátegui Eduardo , Palmer Andre , Yazer Mark , Zborowski Maciej , Chalmers Jeffrey
Published: January 2021

The presence of iron in circulating monocytes is well known as they play
an essential role in iron recycling. It has been demonstrated that the
iron content of blood cells can be measured through their magnetic
behavior; however, the magnetic properties of different monocyte
subtypes remain unknown. In this study, we report for the first time,
the magnetic behavior of classical, intermediate and non-classical
monocytes, which is related to their iron storage capacity. The magnetic
properties of monocytes were compared to other blood cells, such as
lymphocytes and red blood cells in the oxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin
states, and a cancer cell type. For this analysis, we used an instrument
referred to as Cell Tracking Velocimetry (CTV), which quantitatively
characterizes the magnetic behavior of biological entities. Our results
demonstrate that significant fractions of the intermediate and
non-classical monocytes have high magnetophoretic mobilities, equivalent
to methemoglobin red blood cells and higher than the classical subset,
suggesting their higher iron storage capacities. Moreover, our findings
have implications for the immunomagnetic separation industry; we
demonstrate that negative magnetic isolation techniques for recovering
monocytes from blood should be used with caution, as it is possible to
lose magnetic monocytes when using this technique.
Posterior fossa ependymomas in children: still a challenge for pediatric neurosurgeons and oncologists.
Authors: kala Rel Gerald Boukaka , beuriat pierre-aurélien , rocco federico di , Leblond Pierre , Faure-Conter Cecile , Claude Line , Vasiljevic Alexandre , Szathmari Alexandru , Mottolese Carmine
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Posterior fossa ependymomas in children are associated
with a poor prognosis. This retrospective study tries to determine
prognostic factors for the outcomes and the quality of life. Material
and Methods: Thirty-three patients with posterior fossa ependymomas were
treated from 2002 to 2018. All patients had a cranio-spinal MRI and
3.12% were metastatic. Removal was complete in 29 patients (90.62%).
All patients received a complementary treatment: 11patients
chemotherapy, radiotherapy in 35 patients, 24 cases of neoadjuvant type
and for recurrence in 11. Results: Average age was 5.8 years with a
range from 9 months to 18 years. The sex ratio was 2.3 (M/F: 23/10).
Sixteen patients had one recurrence (3 metastatic). 90% of the EpPCF
were of the PFA group. Overall Survival was 65% with a mean follow-up
of 8.4 and a median of 9 years. Twenty-one patients were alive (63.63%)
at last follow-up. All were tumour-free according the MRI except 2
patients, 1 with a stable residue for 5 years and 1 in palliative
treatment for metastatic recurrence for 5 years. Post-operative
complications were as follow, facial nerve palsy in four cases
(12.12%), swallowing disorders in three cases (9.09%), transient
cerebellar syndrome in 4 cases (12.12%). Fifteen patients had normal
schooling. Conclusion: Posterior fossa ependymomas are aggressive
tumors. Complete surgical removal remains the most important prognostic
factor even if responsible of sequels. Despite molecular studies and the
expression of different genes, no obvious therapeutic target has yet
emerged.
Differential challenges in salivary gland neoplasms
Authors: Zivkovic Nikola , Kostic Milos , Cvetanovic Ana , Jovicic-Milentijevic Maja , Spasic Milan , Petrovic Milica , Trajkovic Milos , Dencic Tijana , Krtinic Dane
Published: January 2021

Salivary gland tumors are neoplasms characterized by a high level of pleomorphism and histological overlap. One tumor may contain several cell types; therefore, it is necessary to include immunohistochemical staining, as well as morphometric analysis of tumor cells as prerequisites for an appropriate diagnosis. Our research included 120 tumors, such as pleomorphic adenoma, Warthin tumor, basal cell adenoma, myoepithelioma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, salivary duct carcinoma, polymorphous low-grade carcinoma and myoepithelial carcinoma. The aim of the study was to differentiate benign and malignant tumors based on the characteristics of nuclei. The expression of Ki67 and the morphometric nuclear parameters ? area, perimeter, Feret diameter, integrated optical density, circularity, and roundness, were analyzed. It was observed that the Ki67 proliferative index was statistically significantly higher in malignant tumors (P<0.001). Adenoid cystic carcinoma exhibited the highest value, whereas the lowest value was exhibited in basal cell adenoma. Morphometric analysis showed statistically significantly increased values of integrated optical density (P<0.001) and nuclear size parameters (P<0.05) in malignant tumors. The determination of the Ki67 proliferative index and morphometric analysis of the integrated optical density and area can differentiate benign from malignant tumors with high precision. The presented values suggest the obtained results as cut-off values.
Preface: Thermal Processing and Thermophysical Properties of Metals, Intermetallics, Alloys and Composites 2019 (TPTPMIAC2019)
Authors: Rotaru A. , Riposan I. , Manasijevic D.
Published: January 2021

nema
Soluble Antigen Arrays Efficiently Deliver Peptides and Arrest Spontaneous Autoimmune Diabetes
Authors: Firdessa-Fite Rebuma , Johnson Stephanie N. , Leon Martin A. , Khosravi-Maharlooei Mohsen , Baker Rocky L. , Sestak Joshua O. , Berkland Cory , Creusot Remi J.
Published: January 2021

Antigen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) offers a targeted treatment of autoimmune diseases that selectively inhibits autoreactive lymphocytes, but there remains an unmet need for approaches that address their limited clinical efficacy. Soluble Antigen Arrays (SAgAs) deliver antigenic peptides or proteins in multivalent form, attached to a hyaluronic acid backbone using hydrolysable linkers (hSAgA) or stable “click” chemistry linkers (cSAgA). They were evaluated for the ability to block the spontaneous development of disease in the non-obese diabetic mouse model of Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Two peptides, a hybrid insulin peptide and a mimotope, efficiently prevented the onset of T1D when delivered in combination as SAgAs, but not individually. Relative to free peptides administered at equimolar dose, SAgAs (particularly cSAgA) enabled a more effective engagement of antigen-specific T cells with greater persistence and induction of tolerance markers such as CD73, IL-10, PD-1, KLRG-1. Anaphylaxis caused by the free peptides was attenuated using hSAgA and obviated using cSAgA platforms. Despite similarities, the two peptides elicited largely non-overlapping and possibly complementary responses among endogenous T cells in treated mice. Thus, SAgAs offer a novel and promising ASIT platform superior to soluble peptides in inducing tolerance while mitigating risks of anaphylaxis for the treatment of T1D.
Estrategia pedagógica para desarrollar actitudes favorables en la enseñanza de la estadística en estudiantes de la licenciatura en Ciencias Ambientales
Authors: García Sánchez Silberio , Juárez Agis Alejandro , Olivier Salome Branly , Zeferino Torres Jacqueline , Rivas González Mayra
Published: January 2021

Las actitudes negativas hacia el aprendizaje de la estadística por parte de los estudiantes de nivel licenciatura influyen en el rendimiento de su aprendizaje. Estudiar estas actitudes hacia el aprendizaje de la estadística es de suma importancia para comprender el fenómeno. En ese sentido, el objetivo de la investigación fue analizar las actitudes hacia el aprendizaje y los conocimientos elementales de la estadística de estudiantes de la licenciatura en Ciencias Ambientales; con base en los resultados, se seleccionó y utilizó una estrategia pedagógica pertinente que orientó el proceso de aprendizaje en la unidad de aprendizaje de Estadística. El método utilizado fue de tipo mixto, pues se aplicó una encuesta cuantitativa (con escala tipo Likert), así como un instrumento de preguntas abiertas (parte cualitativa). Luego, se aplicó una propuesta de intervención para el desarrollo de actitudes positivas de los estudiantes hacia la estadística. El análisis de la información cuantitativa fue con el paquete estadístico SPSS 21.0. y Excel. Las preguntas abiertas se analizaron con base en el método de codificación y clasificación. En cuanto a los participantes, se llevó a cabo un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia e intencional a alumnos de la Escuela Superior de Ciencias Ambientales de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero.

Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes que llevaron el curso de estadística con la estrategia pedagógica implementada aprenden más en clases, pues se promovió el aprendizaje autónomo. Además, reconocieron la estrategia implementada como una herramienta que puede articularse en el desarrollo de cualquier unidad de aprendizaje. Asimismo, se evidenció motivación en ellos para el desarrollo de actitudes positivas hacia el aprendizaje de la estadística. Este tipo de iniciativas pedagógicas favorecen el pensamiento reflexivo de las actitudes hacia las estadísticas y ayudan a promover la construcción de conocimientos para intervenir y resolver problemas. Como conclusión, podemos decir que, en general, la percepción de los estudiantes frente a este tipo de estrategia fue muy buena; sin embargo, se deben tomar en cuenta otros factores que surgen en el aula (cansancio, pereza, etc.) para mejorar la ejecución de la estrategia.
PENAMPILAN KETAHANAN ENAM VARIETAS KACANG TANAH TERHADAP PENGGEREK POLONG (ETIELLA ZINCKENELLA TRIETSCHKE) DI DATARAN TINGGI DAN DATARAN RENDAH BENGKULU
Authors: Apriyanto Dwinardi , Toha Burhannudin , Priyatiningsih Priyatiningsih , Suryati D.
Published: January 2021

Resistance performance of six groundnut varieties to Soybean Pod Borer (Etiella zinckenella Treitschke) at high and low elevation in Bengkulu.  Soybean pod borer (SPB), Etiella zinckenella Treitschke, often caused serious pod damage and reduced pod yield in several groundnut central in Bengkulu.  Field trials were conducted in two locations, Air Dingin (Rejang Lebong, 900 m asl.) and Kuro Tidur (Bengkulu Utara, 200 m asl.) to evaluate resistance performance of groundnut varieties to SPB. Six varieties,  Jerapah, Kacil, Bison, Pather, Singa dan Singa, were grown in Air Dingin.  Five varieties ( as above but minus Sima) were grown in Kuro Tidur. Susceptible local variety was used as control. Varieties were arranged in plots in randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three times,  in 3 m x 5 m plots and 20 cm x 30 cm planting space. Dolomite was applied at doses of 0.333 ton ha-1 in Air Dingin and 3 ton ha-1 in Kuro Tidur.  Plants were fertilized with N (Urea) - P (TSP) - K (KCl) at the nationally recommended doses (70 - 125 - 70 kg ha-1).  Damaged pods and larval density were observed three times at 63, 77 and 93 day after sowing (SAW).  Undamaged pods was weighted at harvest.  Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and LSD to separate varietal means.  The results revealed that the numbers and percetages of damaged pods incresed with plant age.  Four groundnut varieties (Kancil, Panther, Singa and Sima) suffered significantly less pod damage than local variety and the other two (Jerapah and Bison), and therefore they are more resistance than the last three. Regardless of varieties, pod damage was significantly higher in Kuro Tidur than that in Air Dingin.  The weight of undamage pods of  resistance varieties was significantly higher than that of local, but was not significantly difference from that of Bison and Jerapah, in Air Dingin. In contrast, there was no significant different undamage pod weight between all varieties in Kuro Tidur.
KETAHANAN ENAM KLON KARET TERHADAP INFEKSI CORYNESPORA CASSIICOLA PENYEBAB PENYAKIT GUGUR DAUN
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Fatma Fatma , Aminuddin M. Idrus
Published: January 2021

Resistance of six rubber clones to Corynespora cassiicola the pathogen of rubber leaf fall disease.   The objectives of the research was to evaluate the resistance of six rubber clones to Corynespora cassiicola, the pathogen of rubber leaf fall disease.  The research was conducted at Phytophatology laboratorium and green house at the Plant Pest and Diseases Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, from March to July 2008.  The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design (CRBD) with six treatments and four replications.  Each replication consisted of four polibags of rubber plants.   The clons tested were  GT 1, PB 260, IRR 39, BPM 1, BPM 24 and PR 261.  The results showed that  IRR 39 was the most susceptible clon to C. cassiicola infection, whereas disease severety reach up to 98.45 % and leaf fall 73.95 %.  Clon PB 260 show as the moderat resistance clon to the pathogen infection. The severity disease of  this clon only 41.53 % and leaf fall 10.41%.
KERAGAMAN GENETIK, KEBUGARAN DAN INKOMPATIBILITAS REPRODUKSI Hemiptarsenus varicornis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), PARASITOID LARVA Liriomyza huidobrensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae)
Authors: Reflinaldon Reflinaldon , Buchori Damayanti , Aprianto Dwinardi
Published: January 2021

Several experiments have been conducted to study genetic variation, fitness and reproductive incompatibility of H. varicornis from different geographic populations.  Genetic variation from Pandai Sikek (PS), Alahan Panjang (AP) and Kayu Aro (KA) was analyzed by using random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) technique and the similarity of genetics measured using NTSys program. The fitness of female wasps such as longevity, fecundity and preoviposition was observed and then compared among those populations.  Incompatibility in reproduction was determined by accounting of reproductive compatibility (RC) index in crossing of intra and interpopulation both of PS and AP.  The results showed high genetic variation of H. varicornis among population from Alahan Panjang, Pandai Sikek and Kayu Aro with similarity coefficient of 30 to 70%.  The best fitness showed the female wasps from Kayu Aro that was significantly different (P= 0.00) in longevity (24.60 ± 6.4 days), fecundity (63.6 ± 28.6 eggs) and parasitization (53.60%) but not significantly different (P=0.07) in number of the first day eggs (1.1 ± 1.4 eggs). Crossing of AP and PS indicated incompatibility in reproduction among the population.
INDUKSI KETAHANAN TANAMAN JAHE TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU Ralstonia solanacearum RAS 4 MENGGUNAKAN FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR (FMA) INDIGENUS
Authors: Suharti Netty , Habazar Trimurti , Nasir Nasril , Dachryanus Dachryanus , Jamsari Jamsari
Published: January 2021

Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum race 4 is a yield-limiting disease of ginger. A study to investigate the ability of indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) to reduce bacteria wilt disease has been done. This research was designed by using Randomized Block Design (RBD) at greenhouse experiments, using eight AMF isolates with six replication. As supporting data, population R. solanacearum race 4 after treatments was assesed. The results showed that aplication of indigenous AMF  to ginger rhizome as seed treatment dicreased disease incidence, support ginger growth and production such as the seedling formation 150%, plant height 98.6%, the number of leaf 115,7%.  As the result yield of ginger rhizome increased by 400 % and phyloplan 598,3%, respectively, compared to the control.
EFEKTIVITAS CAISIN SEBAGAI TANAMAN PERANGKAP PATOGEN UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT AKAR GADA PADA KUBIS
Authors: Hadiwiyono Hadiwiyono , Sholahuddin Sholahuddin , Sulastri Endang
Published: January 2021

he research was conducted by observation on 5 plot kinds of cabbage planting.  The plots consist of control plot with no planting Chinese cabbage, plot with planting Chinese cabbage as rotation plant on 38 day before planting of cabbage followed by manual eradication, plot with planting Chinese cabbage as rotation plant on 38 day followed by flooding for 14 days and soil tillage, plot with mixcropping Chinese cabbage on the early growth stage of the cabbage, and plot with intercropping of Chinese cabbage on 14 days before planting the cabbage.  The results showed that planting Chinese cabbage as trap crop of the pathogen followed by eradication of the infected Chinese cabbage effectively controlled clubroot intensity and significantly restored the partial yields of the cabbage.
PENENTUAN PATOTIPE DAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae PADA TANAMAN PADI DI WILAYAH KARESIDENAN BANYUMAS
Authors: Djatmiko Heru Adi , Prakoso Budi , Prihatiningsih Nur
Published: January 2021

One of the major diseases of rice paddy fields in Indonesia and the Asian countries is bacterial leaf blight or kresek caused by X. oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Losses caused by the disease in Indonesia reached 70–80%, in India reached 74–81%, and Japan reached 20–50%, thus causing great losses in the economy. The objectives of that research were: 1) Characterize Xoo from Karesidenan Banyumas; 2) To study of the amount of damage and AUDPC (the area under disease progress curve) of bacterial leaf blight disease at Karesidenan Banyumas; 3) To obtain of Xoo pathotype by using the test varieties; 4) To obtaining genetic diversity of Xoo that found in Banjarnegara, Purbalingga, Banyumas, Cilacap dan Kebumen region. Research was carried out in several stages: isolation and characterization of Xoo from Barlingmascakeb region, testing of Xoo with five varieties testing, assesment of disease intensity of bacterial leaf blight and AUDPC in the field, and testing the genetic diversity of Xoo. The results showed that pathogen of bacterial blight on rice is Xoo characterized yellow colour of colonies on SPA medium, negative gram reaction, catalase positive, oxidase negative, negative growth at 0.1% TZC, negative starch hydrolisis , and resistance to 0.001% Cu(NO3)2 positive. Xoo pathotype isolats found in Banjarnegara was pathotype X, Cilacap were pathotype I and II and Purbalingga was pathotype II. Eighteen of Xoo from Karesidenan Banyumas (Banjarnegara, Purbalingga, Banyumas, Cilacap and Kebumen) of RAPD differ one from the others.
KISARAN INANG DAN DINAMIKA POPULASI Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) DI PERTANAMAN CABAI MERAH
Authors: Hendrival Hendrival , Hidayat Purnama , Nurmansyah Ali
Published: January 2021

The study of host range and population dynamic of B. tabaci in red chili pepper fiel dswas conducted in Sub-district of Pakem, District of Sleman, Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta during dry season of May-October 2009. The study of host plants of B. tabaci from the red chili pepper fields revealed that there were 27 species of host plants belong to 22 genera of 13 families including crops and weeds. The host plants belong to families of Araceae, Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Capparidaceae, Convolvulaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae, Oxalidaceae, Papilionaceae, Rubiaceae, Solanaceae and Sterculiaceae. The host plant families of Asteraceae and Euphorbiaceae had the most abundant population of B. tabaci. Geminivirus-like symptoms were found in the weeds of A. conyzoides and A. boehmerioides. Population of B. tabaci adults correlated with abundance of host plant species found in the red chili pepper fields. The population of B. tabaci in red chili pepper fields was affected by natural enemy population. Population dynamic of the parasitoid Eretmocerus sp. correlated with population dynamic of the parasitized nymph of B. tabaci. Parasitoid Eretmocerus sp. was potentially good in controlling population of B. tabaci nymph in red chili pepper fields.
EFFECT OF NEMATODE POPULATION DENSITIES ON TRAPPING ACTIVITY OF NEMATOPHAGOUS FUNGUS Arthrobotrys dactyloides ON Meloidogyne javanica
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman
Published: January 2021

Trapping activities of some nematophagous fungi were suggested to be related to the population density of nematodes. This study determined the trapping activity of Arthrobotrys dactyloides due to the effects of (i) different populations of Meloidogyne javanica, (ii) the presence of Caenorhabditis elegans, (iii) repeated inoculation of M. javanica, and (iv) different populations of both C. elegans and M. javanica. Experiments were conducted using a “standard slide test” and “soil microcosm” inoculated with A. dactyloides formulated in kaolin-alginate granules and with low nematode populations ranged from 6 to 14 juveniles per g soil. Results showed that ring formation and trapping activity of A. dactyloides increased with the increase of M. javanica population. The presence of C. elegans increased M. javanica mortality. Repeated inoculation of M. javanica maintained trapping activity of A. dactyloides. The mortality of M. javanica increased with the increase of both C. elegans and M. javanica population.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBIOSIS PSEUDOMONADS PENDARFLUOR TERHADAP Rigidoporus lignosus (Klotszch) Imazeki PENYEBAB PENYAKIT AKAR PUTIH
Authors: Hasanuddin Hasanuddin
Published: January 2021

The potential of fluorescent bacteria as biological control agents for white root disease caused by Rigidoporus lignosus has been investigated. Isolation of bacteria from the soil using S1 media produced two fluorescent bacteria isolates. Using the Microbact 12A+12B method, both bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. aeruginosa. These two species of bacteria were then used as antibiosis activity test against R. lignosus. Four series antibiosis activity tests were done, that were antibiosis test of media culture bacteria growth to R. lignosus colony, antibiosis test of  dry fluorescent pigment  extract to R. lignosus, influence of Fe3+ to antibiosis activity of bacteria test, and affinity of media supernatant to Fe3+. The results were: antibiosis activity of King’s B (KB) media was more effective than media 523 in the inhibition of R. lignosus colony growth. There was no significant different antibiosis activity of dry fluorescent pigment extract from media KB and media 523 in the inhibition of R. lignosus colony growth. The level of  Fe3+ in the media might influence antibiosis activity of fluorescent pigment. Affinity test of KB supernatant from fluorescent bacteria culture with Fe3+ showed an absorption peak of 410 nm on spectrophotometer, and none for the fungi. These results indicate that P. fluorescens and P. aeruginosa produce cathecol-type siderophore with high affinity against Fe3+ compared with hydroxamate-type siderophore which is generally produced by fungus.
PREFERENSI DAN TANGGAP FUNGSIONAL PARASITOID HEMIPTARSENUS VARICORNIS (GIRAULT) (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) PADA LARVA LALAT PENGOROK DAUN KENTANG
Authors: Hidrayani Hidrayani , Rauf Aunu , Sosromarsono S. , Kartosuwondo U.
Published: January 2021

The preference and functional response of Parasitoid Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault) (Hymenoptera:Eulophidae) on host larvae of potato leafminers. The preference of Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault) on host larvae of potato leafminers (Liriomyza huidobrensis) and their  functional response on host abundance were studied in laboratory. The preference test was conducted by releasing a female parasitoid in a cage containing two redbean leaves, one with 2nd instar and another one with 3rd instar.  The functional response test was conducted by providing 3rd instar  with density 1, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 13  larvae  per leaf. The result showed that  H. varicornis had the preference on 3rd instar  larvae compared to 2nd instar, either for parasitisation or paralysis. Based on logistic regression analysis it was found that the parasitoid showed type II functional response on the increase of host abundance. The searching rate (a) and handling time (Th) for paralysis were 0.038 and 1.473 based on disk equation model, and 0.076 and 2.060 on ramdom equation model.  For parasitisation activity, the value of  a and Th were  0.012 and 4.649 based on disk equation model, and 0.014 and 5.075 on random equation model.
PENGGUNAAN PROTOZOA SARCOCYSTIS SINGAPORENSIS (APICOMPLEXA: SARCOCYSTIDAE) UNTUK PENGENDALIAN TIKUS SAWAH RATTUS ARGENTIVENTER
Authors: Tobing Maryani Cyccu , Siregar Ameilia Zuliyanti , Lisnawita Lisnawita , Meirani Meirani
Published: January 2021

The use of protozoan Sarcocystis singaporensis (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) for control rice field rat Rattus argentiventer.  Rats are still a number-one-pest in field rice of various areas in Indonesia. Biological control using microparasite                         Sarcocystis singaporensis (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) is a highly host-specific protozoan for controlling the rats. The objective of this research was to study the use of protozoa parasite S. singaporensis against rodent pest Rattus argentiventer. The design of experiment was Factorial Randomized Complete Design with ten treatments and four replications.  The first factor was sporocyt doses of S. singaporensis (control; 1 x 105; 2 x 105; 3 x 105; 4 x 105), while the second factor was rats sexual category (male and female). The results showed that dose of sporocysts S. singaporensis was significantly different but rats’ sexual category has no effect on the treatments. The highest mortalities was on dose  4 x 105 (100%) at 12.08 days, food consumption decreased two to four days before rats died, weight of rats decreased because of the infection of S. singaporensis.
PENGARUH KELEMBAPAN RELATIF DAN SUHU TERHADAP AKTIVITAS GLUKOAMILASE ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS PADA PENYAKIT SIMPANAN GAPLEK
Authors: Oramahi H. A. , Sumardiyono Christanti
Published: January 2021

The effect of relative humidity and temperatur to glucoamylase activity of Aspergillus flavus on storage disease of dried cassava.  Aspergillus flavus is the most important species because of its toxigenic caracteristic on agricultural product. Among several Aspergillus species growing on dried cassava. This study was conducted to show the role of glucoamylase produced by Aspergillus flavus fowards the storage disease of dried  cassava. The effect of RH and storage room temperature to glucoamylase activity was evaluated for 4 months using Randomized Completely Block Design (Factorial). Variables observed were glucoamylase activity and starch content of dried cassava. Glucoamylase activity could be used as an early indicator of the infestation of dried cassava by Aspergillus while the change of dried cassava color had not been visible. Starch content of dried cassava decreased during the storage. Due to the glucoamylase activity of A. flavus which  degrading starch into glucose. The interaction effect of RH and storage room temperature to glucoamylase activity of A. flavus was significant.
SEDIAAN BIJI BARRINGTONIA ASIATICA: AKTIVITAS PADA HAMA KUBIS CROCIDOLOMIA PAVONANA DI LABORATORIUM DAN KEEFEKTIFAN DI LAPANGAN
Authors: Syahputra Edy
Published: January 2021

Preparation of Barringtonia asiatica: insecticidal activity against Crocidolomia pavonana on laboratory and effectiveness on field.  The objectives of this study were to evaluate the insecticidal and anti-oviposition activity of ethanol seed extract of Barringtonia asiatica against Crocidolomia pavonana in the laboratory, and to determine the effectiveness of a simple preparation of B. asiatica seeds in supressing oviposition and population of C. pavonana in the field.  The mortality bioassays were conducted by a leaf-feeding method.  Anti-oviposition activity was assessed by a choice-test in the nursery.  The results showed that the ethanol seed extract of B. asiatica possessed strong insecticidal activity against C. pavonana larvae with LC50 of 0.14%.  The extract at concentrations of 0.14-1.00% reduced oviposition by C. pavonana female as much as 65.7-95.6%.  B. asiatica seeds ground in water for 5 seconds and then immersed for 1 hour at a concentration of 50 g l-1 yielded a simple preparation which was active against C. pavoana larvae. Such simple preparation at a concentration of 75 g l-1 sprayed on cabbage crop effectively suppressed population of C. pavonana larvae in the field.
KARAKTERISASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS BAKTERI RIZOSFER LAHAN ULTISOL SEBAGAI PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN DAN AGENSIA HAYATI CENDAWAN PATOGEN TULAR TANAH SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Khaeruni Andi , Sutariati Gusti Ayu Kade , Wahyuni Sri
Published: January 2021

Characterization and activities assay of rhizosphere bacteria from ultisol land for plant-growth promoting and biocontrol agents of soil-borne fungus pathogens under in vitro test.  Although many studies have been conducted to identify the specific traits of the plant growth-promoting and bioprotecting rhizobacteria (PGPBR), they were limited to studying specific PGPBR isolates from ultisol lands.  We selected 273 isolates from bulk soil and plant rhizosphere and examined them for a wide array traits that might inhibit the growth of plant pathogens and increase early cucumber growth in ultisol soil.  A subsample of 25 isolates, all positively produce chitinase and sellulose enzymes, 18 positively produce protease and 7 were fluorescens on KB medium under UV lighting.  All isolates could produce IAA and be able to solubilize phosphor in vitro test, 10 exhibited low level of nitrogenase activity. Futher test showed that out of 25 isolates, 12  inhibited F. oxysporum, P. capsici, R. solani and S. rolfsii in vitro.  All isolates increased seed germination, but only 5 isolates significanty increased early cucumber growth in ultisol soil. The results suggest that rhizobacteria be able to produce extracelluler enzymes, siderophore, ACC deasiminase, and IAA or those which are able to solubilize phosphor in vitro may be potential to be uses as biofertilizer and biological control agents in ultisol land.
POTENSI EUPHORBIA HETEROPHYLLA L. SEBAGAI INANG ALTERNATIF PENYAKIT KUDIS PADA UBIJALAR
Authors: Martanto Eko Agus
Published: January 2021

The Potential of Euphorbia heterophylla as an Alternative Host of Scab Disease on Sweet Potatoes.  Scab, caused by Elsinoë batatas (Saw.) Jenkins & Viegas, is a major disease on sweet potato.  The disease cause reduction in tuber production up to 30%. Euphorbia heterophylla is one of the common weeds in the cultivated land of sweet potatoes which is considered as an alternative host plant of the scab.  The objective of this research was to study the ability of E. heterophylla as an alternative host of sweet potato.  This study consisted of identification of sweet potatoes scab symptoms and E. heterophylla spot symptoms, isolation of the pathogen of sweet potato scab and E. heterophylla spot, and the test of pathogen virulence on some sweet potato cultivars. The result showed that the scab symptoms on sweet potatoes was brown and concaved  caused by fungi E. batatas, while the spot symptoms on the E. heterophylla was white and convex caused by Fusarium sp.  The cultivar of sweet potatoes which were inoculated with sick sweet potatoes suspension showed scab symptoms, however no symptoms occurred on the sweet potatoes which were inoculated with suspension of E. heterophylla.  Overall, E. heterophylla was not considered to be the alternative host of scab on sweet potatoes.
PENGGUNAAN PREDATOR UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN KUTU KEBUL (BEMISIA TABACI), VEKTOR PENYAKIT KUNING PADA CABAI DI KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS
Authors: Sudiono Sudiono , Purnomo Purnomo
Published: January 2021

Application of predators to control  whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), an insect vector of yellow diseases of chili in Tanggamus district on dry and rainy season.  The yellow disease is one of the important diseases in chili which is transmitted by whitefly.  Utilization of natural enemy such as predators is one of some methods in controlling whitefly.  This study was conducted in Gisting, Tanggamus District, Lampung province from June 2009 to January 2010.  The objective of this research was to determine effectiveness of controlling whitefly by its predators: Menochilus sp., Micraspis sp., and Paederus sp.  The results showed that Menochilus, Micraspis, and Paederus could effectively decrease the population of whitefly.  The three predators were more effective in rainy than in dry season.
PYRAMIDING IMPORTANT DISEASE-RESISTANT CHARACTERS BY HYBRIDIZATION OF TRANSGENIC AND NON-TRANSGENIC PEANUTS (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.)
Authors: Hapsoro Dwi , Aswidinnoor Hajrial , Suseno Rusmilah , Jumanto Jumanto , Sudarsono Sudarsono
Published: January 2021

We have produced transgenic peanut lines carrying a coat protein gene of peanut stripe virus (PStV) and showing resistance to the virus. However, their susceptibility to leafspot disease caused by Cercospora sp. and their lower productivity compared to their genetic background cultivar make them commercially less undesireable. The objective of this research was to test whether crossing the transgenic peanut plants with a non-transgenic peanut line WS, which was resistant to leafspot disease and high-yielding, could produce progenies in F2 generation that were resistant to both PStV and leafspot disease as well as of higher yield campared to their transgenic progenitor. If this test was proven, pyramiding novel transgenic and non-transgenic characters in peanut plants by hybridization would probably be a routine procedure in the future. Crosses were made between transgenic peanut plants that were resistant to PStV and non-transgenic peanut line WS. F2 population was evaluated for resistance to PStV and leafspot disease. Number of filled pods, filled pod dry weight per plant, and dry weight of each pod were measured. Result of the experiment showed that some of the plants in F2 population exhibited resistant both to PStV and leafspot disease and produced higher number of filled pods, filled pod dry weight per plant, and dry weight of each pod compared to those produced by their transgenic parent plants.
VIRULENSI EMPAT ISOLAT CHILLI VEINAL MOTTLE POTYVIRUS PADA TANAMAN CABAI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)
Authors: Manzila Ifa , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti , Mariska Ika , Sujiprihati Sriani
Published: January 2021

Infection of  Chilli veinal mottle potyvirus (ChiVMV) has been reported from chilli pepper growing area in Indonesia.  Field observation showed wide variation of symptom development starting from mild mottle to severe mottle and vein banding.  A research was conducted to study the difference of  isolates of ChiVMV collected from West Java (Cikabayan), Central Java (Karadenan), South Kalimantan (Nusa Indah), and West Sumatera (Tanah Datar) based on their response on 10 genotypes of chilli peppers i.e. Jatilaba, Helem, VC246, Keriting Bogor, PBC485, Titisuper, Beauty Bell, Gelora, IPBC Tanjung, and Keriting Sumatera.  Each isolates of ChiVMV was mechanically inoculated to each chilli pepper genotype, and observation was conducted every day to record incubation period, symptoms type, and disease incidence.  Cikabayan and Nusa Indah isolates were able to infect all chilli pepper genotypes with the shortest incubation period of 3 days in “Tistsuper” and “Beauty Bell” genotypes; whereas Karadenan and Tanah Datar isolates only infected 4 and 6 chilli pepper genotypes, respectively.  Although the 4 isolates of ChiVMV showed differences in their host range, but most of them developed similar symptoms ranging from mottle, vein banding, leaf cupping, and malformation. Based on the host response, ChiVMV isolates from Cikabayan and Nusa Indah were considered more virulent than the isolates from Karadenan and Tanah Datar.
EVALUASI KETAHANAN HIBRIDA HASIL PERSILANGAN KACANG HIJAU DAN KACANG UCI TERHADAP Callosobruchus chinensis L. (COLEOPTERA: BRUCHIDAE)
Authors: Ujianto Lestari , Basuki Nur , Kuswanto Kuswanto , Kasno Astanto
Published: January 2021

The adzuki bean weevil Callosobruchus chinensis is the main pest of mungbean especially during seed storage. Mungbean generally has low yield and is susceptible to main pests. Ricebean (Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi & Ohashi) has superior characters such as the high pod number per plant and resistance to many pests. The interspecific hybridization was conducted to combine the superior characters of mungbean and ricebean.  The objectives of this research were to evaluate resistance of hybrids of interspecific hybridization between mungbean and ricebean to C. chinensis and to determine pattern of resistant inheritance. Evaluation of resistance to this pest was conducted in bottles by placing 200 hybrid seeds and then 20 C. chinensis adults were introduced into the bottle covered by dense cheese cloth. The bottles were arranged in a completely ramdomized design with three replications. The treatment consisted of eight hybrids and six parents.  The results showed that the resistance of the test hybrids to C. chinensis was different among cross combinations. Hybrids of crossing between mungbean Merak variety and yellow ricebean as well as Vima variety and red ricebean were moderately resistant, while the others were resistant. There was resistance improvement of hybrids to C. chinensis. The resistance of the hybrids to C. chinensis was controlled by single gene with partially dominance gene action.
EFIKASI TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM DENGAN BERBAGAI BAHAN ORGANIK DALAM PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG PADA LADA
Authors: Ginting Cipta , Maryono Tri
Published: January 2021

The objective of this research was to determine the influence of the kinds of organic matter on the efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai to control foot rot of black pepper caused by Phytophthora capsici Leonian.  Trichoderma spp. were isolated from suppressive and non-suppressive soils taken from black pepper fields with high disease incidence.  Screening of Trichoderma spp. isolates was conducted through antagonistic test with dual culture technique.  Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with six replications.  Treatments were rice husk, rice straw, wood dust, Arachis pintoi, mixture of the four organic matters, the mixture without T. harzianum, and without organic matter.  The test was conducted in greenhouse with media consisted of soil, organic matter, and sand (2 : 2 : 1, v/v).  After being otoclaved, the medium was infested with T. harzianum and P. capsici each with five mycelium plugs of 1-cm diameter.  Black pepper seedlings were planted 5 days after fungal infestation.  After planting the seedlings, five leaf cuts were partly inserted into the soil on each pot.  The variables observed were disease incidence on the leaf cuts inserted into the soil and disease severity on the stems and roots.  The results show that all 16 Trichoderma isolates inhibited P. capsici colonies and some isolates showed stronger inhibition than the others.  T. harzianum reduced disease severity, but there was no effect of the kinds of organic matter on the ability of T. harzianum to control foot rot.
INDEKS NUTRISI DAN KESINTASAN LARVA SPODOPTERA LITURA F. YANG DIBERI PAKAN MENGANDUNG EKSTRAK KULIT JENGKOL (PITHECELLOBIUM LOBATUM BENTH.)
Authors: Ambarningrum Trisnowati B. , Pratiknyo Hery , Priyanto Slamet
Published: January 2021

Nutrition indices and survivorship of Spodoptera Litura F. larvae is fed nutrition including jengkol bark extract (Pithecellobium Lobatum Benth).  The effect of  P. lobatum barks extract on nutrition indices and survivorship S. litura larvae has been investigated. Nutrition indices were observed by giving fifth-instar larvae one of the three diets, every group of diet was added various concentration of barks extract, containing either 1.10; 2.20; or 4.40%. Survivorship were observed by giving first-instar larvae one of the three diets, every group of diet was added various concentration of barks extract, containing either 0.6; 1.2; or 2.4%. The result showed that, the Relative Consumption Rate (RCR),  Relative Growth Rate (RGR), Efficiencies of food use (ECD and ECI) value of larvae treated were significantly lower in the case of treated larvae than that of the controls, Approximate Digestibility (AD) value of larvae treated were significantly higher in the case of treated larvae than that of the controls and decrease of survivorship tested larvae.
EFEKTIVITAS Pseudomonas fluorescens TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI (Ralstonia solanacearum) PADA TANAMAN KACANG TANAH
Authors: Suryadi Yadi
Published: January 2021

Effectiveness of Pseudomonas fluorescens against groundnut bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum). The experiment was conducted to study effectiveness of Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF) soil drenching application against groundnut bacterial wilt disease (Ralstonia solanacearum) suppression. Results showed that PF applications gave significant effect to reduce wilt incidence. The lowest wilt incidence (7.17%) was obtained by three times periodically soil drenching of the growing plant (1 day before planting, 15 days after planting and 30 days after planting) with PF (107 cfu/ml) suspensions. PF applications showed no significant effect on plant height which ranging from 13,07 cm - 15,60 cm.  In addition, PF applications showed wet  root and pod weight ranging from  0,35 g – 0,83 g and  7,13 g – 9,13 g, respectively which significantly different compared with untreated PF application.
Modul Persamaan Lingkaran Berbasis Search, Solve, Create and Share (SSCS)
Authors: Monica Evi Candra , Suryadinata Nurain , Farida Nurul
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the development of this mathematics module is to produce products in the form of mathematical modules based on Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) material that is valid and practical. The type of research that is used is research and development (R&D). The model that is used is the R&D model developed by Sugiyono who has been modified. The stages which are used in this development research only stage 1 through 7. The instruments which are used were expert validation questionnaire and questionnaire response of students. Based on the results of expert validation obtained the results of the validation of material expert 78,84% (decent categories), linguists expert 85% (category of very feasible) and design expert 83,6% (a very feasible category), so that the overall percentage of the validator obtained a total percentage of 82,48% (very feasible category). The results of the small group trial were obtained from the response of students of the mathematics module was 84% (a very practical category). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the SSCS-based mathematics module material for students’ questions in SMA Negeri 1 Metro is very feasible and very practical to be used as a source of learning mathematics, especially circle material.
ФОРМАЛЬНЫЙ МЕТОД СИНТЕЗА ОПТИМАЛЬНЫХ ТОПОЛОГИЙ ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМ, ОСНОВАННЫЙ НА ПРОЕКТИВНОМ ОПИСАНИИ ГРАФОВ
Authors: Мелентьев Виктор
Published: January 2021

Предлагается детерминированный метод синтеза топологий интерконнекта, оптимизированных под требуемые свойства. Метод основан на ори-гинальном описании графов проекциями, на установлении биективного со-ответствия требуемых свойств и свойств проекций начального графа, на постулировании соответствующих ограничений модификации проекций и на итеративном применении к ним этих ограничений либо до момента решения системы проекций и получения проекций искомого графа, либо до вы-явления ее несовместности с заданными начальными условиями
adolescente em conflito com a lei e as medidas socioeducativas
Authors: Carvalho Juliana Maria de Almeida , Sant’ana Izabella Mendes
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e analisar as mudanças ocorridas nas políticas de o atendimento ao adolescente em conflito com a lei ao longo da história do Brasil até a publicação do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente em 1990, dando-se atenção especial ao adolescente em privação de liberdade. Para isso, é exposta uma contextualização histórica das políticas de atendimento à infância e à adolescência e são abordadas algumas conquistas do ECA na busca de se assegurar o respeito aos direitos dessa parcela da população, especialmente no que concerne à socioeducação como medida para o adolescente em regime de internação. Discute-se que, apesar dos avanços alcançados, ainda existem desafios em direção à garantia dos direitos dos adolescentes, no que se refere à ressocialização e às condições de vida principalmente frente à intensa desigualdade social existente no país.
lócus da educação na emancipação do sujeito na contemporaneidade
Authors: Przylepa Mariclei , Sousa Ana Paula Moreira de , Oliveira Sônia Maria Borges de
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo objetiva apreender o lócus da educação na emancipação social na atualidade. Para tanto, o texto inicia explicitando o contexto educacional neoliberal no Brasil. Após, aborda duas concepções de educação, a neoliberal e a Freireana. Finaliza evidenciando a função social da educação, bem como da escola para a emancipação dos sujeitos na sociedade capitalista. O referencial teórico epistemológico para o estudo pautou-se na perspectiva educacional de Freire e sua base teórica metodológica foi a pesquisa qualitativa bibliográfica. As evidências apontaram que as proposições políticas e as práticas emancipatórias de educação, se efetivadas nas instituições escolares, podem contribuir para a compreensão das relações sociais e das lutas de classe, uma vez que possibilitam aos sujeitos a apreensão crítica do real vivido e, assim os instrumentaliza para a transformação social, com vistas à promoção da justiça e equidade social.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MAHASISWA
Authors: Oktaviana Dwi , Haryadi Rahman
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa dengan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) lebih baik dari pembelajaran langsung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi experiment dengan rancangan pretest-posttest control group design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester V kelas A dan B IKIP PGRI Pontianak dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah soal tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada mata kuliah matematika diskrit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dimana pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney diperoleh nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05 maka rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan menggunakan model PBL lebih besar daripada rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan menggunakan pembelajaran langsung. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa mahasiswa yang pembelajarannya menerapkan pembelajaran dengan model PBL peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah secara signifikan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan siswa yang pembelajarannya menggunakan pembelajaran langsung. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the increase in student problem solving abilities with the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model was better than direct learning. This research is a quasi experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample in this study were the fifth semester students of class A and B IKIP PGRI Pontianak with cluster random sampling technique. The research instrument used was a test problem solving ability in discrete mathematics courses. The results showed that there was an increase in problem solving abilities where hypothesis testing using the Mann-Whitney test obtained Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) of 0,000 less than 0,05, the average problem solving ability using the PBL model is greater than the average problem solving ability using direct learning. From the results of the study, it can be concluded thet students whose learning applies PBL model increase their problem solving abilities significantly better than students whose learning used direct learning.