bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redescription of Semisulcospira reticulata (Mollusca, Semisulcospiridae) with description of a new species from Lake Biwa, Japan
Authors: Sawada Naoto , Fuke Yusuke , Miura Osamu , Toyohara Haruhiko , Nakano Takafumi
Published: June 2024

Semisulcospira Boettger, 1886 is a freshwater snail genus divergent in Lake Biwa, Japan. Although recent taxonomic studies of the genus have arranged taxonomic accounts of many species in the lake, our knowledge of morphological traits has still been insufficient in S. reticulata Kajiyama & Habe, 1961, which belongs to the S. niponica-group in the genus. Among the various habitats of the lacustrine species, in addition, the species richness of this group in coastal sandy mud areas of the lake has not been completely clarified. In this study, we revisited the taxonomic account of S. reticulata and described a new S. niponica-group species, S. nishimuraisp. nov., from Lake Biwa by evaluating the genetic and morphological relationships within the group. The reconstructed maximum likelihood and singular value decomposition quartets trees, and ADMIXTURE analyses using genome-wide SNP data strongly supported the genetic distinctiveness of most S. niponica-group species. The Random Forest classification showed that S. reticulata possesses a unique, large protoconch without distinct keels, and that S. nishimuraisp. nov. is characterized by a small, less elongated teleoconch and tiny protoconch. The large protoconch of S. reticulata and the narrow radulae of S. reticulata and S. nishimuraisp. nov. suggest their specialization in life history and feeding habits, respectively. The discovery of the new species from sandy mud substrates highlights niche differentiation among Semisulcospira species, and provides new insights into the diversification of the genus in ancient lakes.
Prototype Biodiversity Digital Twin: grassland biodiversity dynamics
Authors: Taubert Franziska , Rossi Tuomas , Wohner Christoph , Venier Sarah , Martinovič Tomáš , Khan Taimur , Gordillo Julian , Banitz Thomas
Published: June 2024

European grassland management has often favoured high production through frequent mowing and heavy fertilisation over biodiversity conservation, which is typically supported by less intensive management. Besides management, climate change and extremes are increasingly affecting grassland productivity and biodiversity, requiring timely adaptation of management practices. Here, we describe the development of a prototype Digital Twin (pDT) of grassland biodiversity dynamics intended to support researchers, farmers or regulatory decision-makers in monitoring the current state of selected grassland sites and projecting their future state under various management and climate scenarios.
Integrative Review of Sources of Baccalaureate Nursing Students' Clinical Practice Anxiety
Authors: Gaberson Kathleen B. , Foreman Ruth M. , Brzustowicz Richard
Published: June 2024

Background:

Nursing education research and anecdotal literature has revealed that undergraduate nursing students report anxiety related to clinical practice. Most published studies have focused on the effectiveness of interventions to reduce anxiety; only a few identify specific sources of clinical practice anxiety.

Method:

We conducted an integrative literature review to understand the sources of nursing students' practice-related anxiety and how this anxiety has been measured.

Results:

We classified sources of practice-related anxiety into nine themes grouped into five categories: consequences of making a mistake; fear of the unknown; incivility of staff members or teachers; threat to self-concept, image, or health; and theory-practice gap. Practice-related anxiety was measured quantitatively with various surveys and qualitatively using semistructured individual or group interviews and students' journal entries.

Conclusion:

Different sources of practice-related anxiety likely require distinct interventions. Further research is recommended to identify effective interventions to reduce anxiety related to each of the identified themes.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(6):349–355.]
Solvability and algorithm for Sylvester-type quaternion matrix equations with potential applications
Authors: Rehman Abdur , Kyrchei Ivan , Rahman Muhammad Zia Ur , Leiva Víctor , Castro Cecilia
Published: June 2024

This article explores Sylvester quaternion matrix equations and potential applications, which are important in fields such as control theory, graphics, sensitivity analysis, and three-dimensional rotations. Recognizing that the determination of solutions and computational methods for these equations is evolving, our study contributes to the area by establishing solvability conditions and providing explicit solution formulations using generalized inverses. We also introduce an algorithm that utilizes representations of quaternion Moore-Penrose inverses to improve computational efficiency. This algorithm is validated with a numerical example, demonstrating its practical utility. Additionally, our findings offer a generalized framework in which various existing results in the area can be viewed as specific instances, showing the breadth and applicability of our approach. Acknowledging the challenges in handling large systems, we propose future research focused on further improving algorithmic efficiency and expanding the applications to diverse algebraic structures. Overall, our research establishes the theoretical foundations necessary for solving Sylvester-type quaternion matrix equations and introduces a novel algorithmic solution to address their computational challenges, enhancing both the theoretical understanding and practical implementation of these complex equations.
Stability and bifurcation analysis of a discrete-time plant-herbivore model with harvesting effect
Authors: Alsubhi Mohammed , Ahmed Rizwan , Alraddadi Ibrahim , Alsharif Faisal , Imran Muhammad
Published: June 2024

The dynamics of plant-herbivore interactions are essential for understanding ecosystem stability and resilience. This article investigated the effects of incorporating a harvesting effect on the dynamics of a discrete-time plant-herbivore system. An analysis was performed to determine the existence and stability of fixed points. In addition, studies have shown that the system experienced transcritical, period-doubling, and Neimark-Sacker bifurcations. Moreover, we provided numerical simulations to substantiate our theoretical results. Our research indicated that harvesting in excessive amounts may have negative effects on the populations of both plants and herbivores. However, when harvesting was done at moderate levels, it promoted the coexistence and stability of both populations. The findings of our analysis provided a deep understanding of the intricate dynamics of ecological systems and underscored the need to use sustainable harvesting methods for the management and preservation of ecosystems.
Dynamic analysis and optimal control of rumor propagation models considering different education levels and hesitation mechanisms
Authors: Wang Hongshuang , Kang Sida , Hu Yuhan
Published: June 2024

The spread of rumors has an important impact on the production and life of human society. Moreover, in the process of rumor propagation, individuals with different educational levels show different degrees of trust and ability to spread rumors. Therefore, a new rumor propagation model was established, which considers the influence of education level on rumor propagation. Initially, the basic reproduction number of the model was calculated. Then, we analyzed the existence and stability of the rumor equilibrium point. Next, based on the principle of Pontryagin's maximum value, we obtained a control strategy, which effectively reduced the spread of rumors. Numerical simulations verified the results of theoretical analysis. The results showed that the higher the education level of the population, the slower the spread of rumors to a certain extent, but it could not prevent the spread of rumors. In addition, through the support of the government and the propaganda of the official media, strengthening education can improve people's education level to a certain extent, and then minimize the speed of rumor propagation.
Pedal curves obtained from Frenet vector of a space curve and Smarandache curves belonging to these curves
Authors: Şenyurt Süleyman , Kaya Filiz Ertem , Canlı Davut
Published: June 2024

In this study, first the pedal curves as the geometric locus of perpendicular projections to the Frenet vectors of a space curve were defined and the Frenet vectors, curvature, and torsion of these pedal curves were calculated. Second, for each pedal curve, Smarandache curves were defined by taking the Frenet vectors as position vectors. Finally, the expressions of Frenet vectors, curvature, and torsion related to the main curves were obtained for each Smarandache curve. Thus, new curves were added to the curve family.
A New Approach for Cluster Head Selection in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: AlZyoud Faisal , Tarawneh Monther , Almaghthawi Ahmed , Altalidi Askar
Published: June 2024

The proliferation of mobile devices and the spread of IoT devices have increased the tendency to use wireless sensor networks (WSNs), especially since the implementation of the 5G communication system has begun in most countries. This type of network does not require any infrastructure or additional cost, making it a good alternative for use in disasters, environmental monitoring, military, and rescue operations. However, WSNs suffer from some limitations, such as mobility and battery lifetime. Significant research has been conducted to overcome the limitation of battery lifetime by developing routing methods and reducing the required communications among wireless mobile nodes. In this research, we utilize the low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) concept to minimize communication between the nodes and the base station. A new approach has been developed to form clusters in WSN nodes and select the optimal cluster head by facilitating the election of a new cluster head (CH). When the current cluster head’s energy depletes, a new one is selected, ensuring continuous operation. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing LEACH clustering algorithm in terms of energy consumption, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and latency time.
« Quand la radio met sur le droit chemin » : campagnes de sensibilisation et lutte contre la migration en Casamance au Sénégal
Authors: Gueye Doudou Dièye
Published: June 2024

Cet article traite des campagnes de sensibilisation aux risques de l’émigration dite « irrégulière » et de leurs effets sur les communautés locales. En Casamance, des émissions radiophoniques et des séances dites de « causeries villageoises » sont organisées par des ONG pour lutter contre ce type d’émigration. Alors que leur objectif est de détourner de l’aventure migratoire, les jeunes et leurs familles y puisent des informations sur les routes migratoires et s’en servent pour redéfinir de nouvelles zones de passage ou de nouvelles connexions avec des intermédiaires.
Koma Coulibaly, un chef d’arrondissement et la sensibilisation au problème de l’« exode » : contrôler et prévenir l’émigration à Garalo (Mali), 1962-1967
Authors: Gary-Tounkara Daouda
Published: June 2024

Cet article a pour objectif d’historiciser la notion de politique de prévention de l’émigration à l’échelle des États africains, du Mali en particulier, après l’indépendance et au cours des années 1960. Il éclaire et documente cette politique à travers le récit de vie et le parcours d’un administrateur de terrain, El Hadj Koma Coulibaly, le chef de l’arrondissement de Garalo, situé dans la région de Sikasso. Après avoir montré comment la mobilité est inscrite dans la trajectoire personnelle et professionnelle de Koma et de celle de sa famille, l’article étudie son action dans la lutte contre l’exode, ses espoirs, déceptions et désillusions et son regard sur la gestion des affaires publiques par le pouvoir central malien dans les trois premières décennies de l’indépendance.
Public transport for all? Assessing the STIB-MIVB stops in Brussels
Authors: Dobruszkes Frédéric , Grandjean Martin , Nihoul Arthur , Descamps Julien
Published: June 2024

Cet article analyse le caractère inclusif des arrêts de transport public à Bruxelles pour les personnes en situation de handicap. L’approche combine des analyses qualitatives (entretiens et parcours commentés avec plusieurs associations, personnes en situation de handicap utilisatrices des transports publics et autorités publiques) et une analyse quantitative des 2 487 arrêts du réseau STIB. L’étude montre que l’aménagement des arrêts de transport résulte d’une grande variété d’acteurs. Le degré d’inclusivité des arrêts est largement hérité d’une époque où l’on se souciait peu des voyageurs avec des besoins spécifiques. Malgré des efforts significatifs ces dernières années, une part importante des arrêts de transport public demeurent non inclusifs. Cette proportion dépend cependant des contraintes de déplacement considérées. Il n’y a pas de géographie claire du degré d’inclusivité sauf pour certains modes de transport (arrêts souterrains vs en surface) et pour certains corridors de bus ou de tram aménagés de manière homogène.
Preparation of Electrospun Styrofoam Membranes for Hydrogen Fuel Cells
Authors: Jalal Noor Mohammed , Zainab Abdali Dakheel , Roaa Shaker Mahmood
Published: June 2024

This research reported on the preparation of proton exchange membranes from electronic and food packaging waste composed of Styrofoam. Polymeric Solution of 25 wt. % Styrofoam dissolved in an acidic mixture (DMF: THF at 70:30 volumetric ratio) were prepared. Polymeric membranes were fabricated by electrospinning. The effect of MgO NPs addition to polymeric solution was studied. Before sulfonation reaction, SEM results showed a clear reduction in average fiber diameters from (1.5-2) µm to (0.5-1) µm after addition of 0.04 wt.% MgO NPs. After sulfonation reaction by 35% diluted sulfuric acid, SEM results show an increase in average fiber diameters from (0.5-1) µm to (2-2.5) µm. This increase may be correlated to hydrophilic behavior results from incorporation of (-SO3H) to aromatic ring. FTIR analysis indicates the presence of new peaks related to sulfonic acid group (SO3H) attachment to polymeric chain. Proton conductivity as well as water uptake in membranes increased with increasing MgO NPs percentage.
Design and Initial Flight Testing of a Coaxial Tilting-Head Compound Rotorcraft
Authors:   The Pennsylvania State University, Bennink James , Langelaan Jack
Published: June 2024

This paper describes the design and initial flight testing of a compound coaxial tilting head rotorcraft (CCT-HR). Control is provided by titling the rotor head for roll and pitch, differential rotor speed for yaw rate, and rotor speed for total thrust. In addition, a longitudinal thruster is incorporated to enable higher speed forward flight and to add a degree of freedom for longitudinal trim in forward flight. The intent is to explore the feasibility of this vehicle concept and to develop a vehicle that can be used to explore control strategies. The steady state flight envelope is developed analytically; a simulation of longitudinal degrees of freedom is described and a control method for forward flight that incorporates the thruster is proposed. Results of near-hover flight tests are described and initial tests of forward flight using the thruster are described. The vehicle is shown to be stable and easily controllable near hover; in thruster-powered forward flight unmodeled rotor dynamics result in instability.
Design and Flight Dynamics of a Hand-Launched Foldable Micro Air Vehicle
Authors:   Texas A&M University, Elliott Connor , Saj Vishnu , Denton Hunter , Belgum Nicolas , Benedict Moble
Published: June 2024

This paper discusses the development, flight-testing, and flight dynamics modeling of a Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) that could be deployed in a folded configuration via hand launching. This 112-g MAV features folding propeller arms that can lock into a rectangular profile the size of a smartphone. The vehicle is designed to be rapidly deployable via simply throwing it in the air, at which point the arms would unfold and the vehicle would autonomously stabilize to a hovering state. The capability of the feedback controller to stabilize the MAV from different initial conditions including tumbling rates of up to 2500 deg/s was demonstrated via flight-testing. A six-degree-of-freedom flight dynamics model was developed and validated using flight test data obtained using a motion capture system for various hand-launched scenarios. The proposed MAV, with its extreme portability and rapid/robust deployment capability, could be ideal for emergency scenarios, where a standard launch procedure is not feasible.
Impact of the Wind on the Hovering Performance of Stabilized Payload Lifting with a Single Tethered Fixed-Wing Aircraft
Authors:   University of Sherbrooke, Doguet Maxime , Rancourt David
Published: June 2024

Over the last 90 years, many concepts of lifting payload with a single tethered fixed-wing aircraft have been proposed. In this concept, an airplane flies along a quasi-circular flight path and the payload should remain at the center of this circle. The main challenge encountered has been payload stability in hover (i.e., when the payload is fixed in space and the aircraft flies along a quasi-circular path above). In calm conditions, lengthening the tether to reach two or three kilometers (1.5 mile) has been proven to stabilize the payload in an orbit with a radius of the order of 1 meter (3 ft). However, the presence of wind has shown a drastic reduction in payload stability. At the end of the 1990s, a patent proposed to add a thruster-based stabilization device onto the payload but no further studies explored such a concept. This study proposes a new concept inspired by the former. The main difference lies in the addition of a reel-in mechanism to control and stabilize the payload in the vertical direction. This work analyzes the impact of the wind on this new concept in hover. The results have shown a maximum power requirement of 37 kW (60 hp) for the aircraft and 15 kW (20 hp) for the stabilization device to lift a 300 kg (660 lbm) payload fixed in the inertial frame with a 400 m (1,300 ft) long tether. This work has highlighted the high impact of the tether force on the towing airplane and therefore a means to reduce this impact is required.
Parametric Analysis of Rotor Orientation and Location for a Highly Efficient Winged Quadcopter
Authors:   Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Healy Richard ,   US Army CCDC ARL, Floros Matthew , Anusonti-Inthra Phuriwat
Published: June 2024

Winged Quadcopters are an increasingly popular UAS configuration due to their mechanical simplicity and high degree of aerodynamic efficiency, but this efficiency is highly sensitive to the chosen blade pitch and rotor orientation. In this study, a rotor-wing system representative of a winged quadcopter is simulated and a parametric sweep of blade pitch, rotor tilt, cruise speed, and weight is conducted. At the baseline 30 kts cruise speed and 3 lb vehicle weight, the optimal configuration (blade pitch: 10° - 20°, rotor tilt: 30° - 40°) is 4.4 times more efficient than the baseline Quadrotor Biplane Tailsitter (blade pitch: 0°, rotor tilt: 0°). Even if flight speed and weight is increased (up to 50 kts and 9 lb), combinations of blade pitch and rotor tilt can offer improved efficiency; and at the optimal condition, 12.5° blade pitch and 35° rotor tilt is 5.3 times more efficient than the baseline QBiT. The rotor-wing system is also simulated using CFD with the rotor at 58 different positions around the wing. Rotors mounted directly in front of the wing leading edge near the wing tip operate at the lowest power, but if the rotors are located laterally inboard on the wing, directly below or above is more favorable. While the effect of rotor position is somewhat small compared to that of blade pitch or rotor tilt, all are viable means for improving winged quadcopter aerodynamic efficiency. Proper selection of these parameters can dramatically transform the aerodynamic efficiency of these UAS, enabling profound enhancements to range, endurance, and payload capacity.
Investigation of Rotor Vertical Offset Effects on Quadrotor Performance
Authors:   Georgia Institute of Technology, Atte Abraham , Rauleder Huergen
Published: June 2024

Quadrotor performance and stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (PIV) flow field wind tunnel measurements presented in this work aim to quantify rotor-rotor interactions and their manifestations for various hub spacings, including vertical offset. Three quadrotor configurations were examined; the cross configuration and two plus configurations. In the cross configuration, the fore rotors were lowered relative to the aft rotors. In the Plus 1 configuration the fore and aft rotors were lowered, whereas in the Plus 2 configuration the side rotors were lowered. In the cross configuration, increases in hub spacing led to decreases in the thrust coefficient (CT ) of the fore rotors for the same rotational speed. An increase in the rotor vertical separation resulted in an increase in CT of the aft rotors of up to 24%. Results showed that large vertical rotor separation and close hub spacings yielded best performance. The side rotors in the Plus 1 and Plus 2 configurations showed differing thrust coefficients based on relative rotor position and wind speed leading to aerodynamic asymmetries. In the Plus 1 configuration, the aft rotor experienced significant changes in performance based on both the hub and vertical spacings as it moved into the beneficial upwash regions from the side rotors, as evidenced by PIV flow field measurements. Performance results of the Plus 2 configuration showed positive effects of the fore rotor on the side rotors as they were lowered, exacerbating aerodynamic asymmetries. The aft rotor also experienced beneficial effects from the side rotors, which diminished as the side rotors were lowered. These results were further confirmed by measured rotor inflow velocities from the PIV. An examination of the thrust-to-torque ratios of the plus configurations indicated best performance for a rotor vertical separation of 0.5R.
Alcohol Dependence Care Pathway for Psychiatric Settings: A Cross-sectional Study from an Urban Psychiatric Center
Authors: Bagyathilagareshmi  , Ponnusamy Sindhu , Kantipudi Suvarna Jyothi
Published: June 2024

Background:

Alcohol use remains an important contributor to morbidity and mortality. There is a long-time gap between the onset of alcohol use and first contact for care. Poor referral systems and reduced awareness contribute to such delays. Yet few studies analyzed pathways to care exclusively in alcohol-dependent patients.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to understand the pathways traversed by alcohol-dependent patients before their access to psychiatric services and their association with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study design was employed. All alcohol-dependent patients attending psychiatric outpatient department setting were recruited. Questionnaires including sociodemographic details, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire, and the World Health Organization encounter forms were used. Appropriate statistical tests were done using SPSS 20.

Results:

A total of 99 patients were inducted into the study. 44.44% consulted psychiatric services directly. There was a mean time lag of 15 years between the onset of alcohol use and first contact. There was a significant association between sociodemographic characteristics and the pathway chosen. Higher severity of dependence and longer duration of alcohol use were associated with patients visiting psychiatric services indirectly. The main source of referral was family members for the first contact and medical practitioner for a referral to psychiatric services.

Conclusion:

Understanding the pathway traversed is critical to planning effective interventions in alcohol-dependent patients. Sociodemographic variables seem to be important predictors for the pathway traversed. Although the referral system by medical practitioners is satisfactory, there is a huge gap in accessibility to psychiatric services. There is a need for community awareness programs to prevent time lag.
Tolerability and Efficacy of Bi-temporal Electroconvulsive Therapy in Elderly Patients with Severe Mental Illness
Authors: Kavyashree K , Shanmukhappa Sachin Beesanahalli , Anuradha S. N , Babu N Girish , Matkar Abhay V. , Potluri Sevanth
Published: June 2024

Background:

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been an effective treatment option available for elderly patients with severe mental illness; however, there are concerns related to its tolerability. Unilateral ECT has fewer cognitive adverse effects compared to bilateral ECT while efficacy with bilateral ECT is better.

Aim:

To evaluate the tolerability and efficacy of Bi-temporal ECT in elderly patients (>60 years) with severe mental illness in a general hospital set-up.

Methodology:

The study was a prospective, observational study conducted in SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad with a sample size of 15 elderly patients aged above 60 years with severe mental illness. Participants were screened for psychiatric symptoms with Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview and assessed for severity of symptoms with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Cognitive functioning was assessed by Hindi Mental Status Examination Scale and effectiveness was assessed using global functioning by Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Scale. Assessment was done before giving ECT and 4 weeks at follow-up. The study period was from January 2019 to December 2019.

Results and Conclusions:

The median age of the elderly was 61 years. Majority (66.7%) were diagnosed with mood disorder and 33.3% of the patients were diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. Around 47% had comorbid hypertension and 33.3% had diabetes mellitus. All the patients in the study sample received thrice weekly bi-temporal ECT in the range of 2–8 with median of 5. Significant reduction in symptomatology was observed, on comparing the scores before and after ECT with improvement in overall functioning assessed by GAF Scale. There was no decline in cognitive functioning test, although there was an improvement in the Hindi version of mini mental status examination scores at 4 weeks after discharge. By the above observations, we concluded that the use of bi-temporal ECT in elderly patients with severe mental illness was found to be safe and effective in treating.
Trachyonychia in Children: A Comprehensive Review with Recent Updates
Authors: Pradhan Swetalina , Paul Debopriya , Shahid Rashid
Published: June 2024

Trachyonychia also known as 20-nail dystrophy presents as roughness of nail plate associated with longitudinal ridging giving a sandpaper-like appearance. It has two subtypes: opaque variety and shiny variety. It commonly presents in the pediatric age group 3–12 years but can present at any age. It can be idiopathic or associated with cutaneous or systemic conditions. Alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, and lichen planus are some of the commonly associated conditions. Diagnosis is clinical and in doubtful cases, biopsy has a role. Onychoscopy as a novel diagnostic modality can be used. Spontaneous resolution is seen in the majority of pediatric patients, so counseling, reassurance, and active nonintervention can be tried. Treatment is mainly for cosmetic concerns or when associated with some systemic conditions. Various treatment modalities are available with variable efficacy. Topical treatment options include tazarotene, topical steroid, and calcipotriol/betamethasone combination, whereas systemic agents such as oral mini-pulse steroid, methotrexate, cyclosporine, and low-dose acitretin have shown beneficial role. Novel treatment modalities such as the use of tofacitinib, fluocinonide 0.05% with bifonazole 1% cream, combination of fractional CO2 laser with topical therapy, and alitretinoin have shown promising results.
Ayurveda management of Shvitra (~vitiligo): A case report
Authors: Panja Asit Kumar , Akhil C. , Dabhi Amisha L. , Naik Satyapriya
Published: June 2024

Vitiligo is a pathological condition when melanocytes are destroyed, and causes patches of the skin to lose color. Vitiligo affects around 0.5%–2% of the global population. India is considered to have the highest prevalence in the world at about 8.8%. A 51-year-old male patient comes to the outpatient section with multiple white patches with a reddish tinge over the trunk, neck, elbow, and ankle. The Vitiligo Extent Tensity Index (VETI) was 17 before initiating the treatment. Considering the symptomatology, the condition is diagnosed as Shvitra (~vitiligo) with the predominance of Pitta (~regulatory functional factors of the body) and Kapha dosha (~responsible for regulating body fluids and keeping the body constituents cohesive). The case is managed with Virechana (~therapeutic purgation), Vamana (~therapeutic emesis) procedures, and Samshamana aushadha (~pacifying treatment). The VETI score reduced to 7.4 after the treatment. Although this case study provided encouraging results, there is a need for more case reports/planned clinical studies that will help in generating evidence against adopting Ayurveda treatment approaches in the management of Shvitra.
Management of Tinea incognito with Unani medicine: A case report
Authors: Shahid Arisha , Quamri Mohd Aleemuddin , Riyazuddin Mohd
Published: June 2024

Tinea infections are one of the most commonly occurring skin infections creating a threat to the public health scenario in India. With the excessive and unsupervised use of over-the-counter steroid formulations, the condition is becoming more severe, leading to chronic relapse of the disease with modified skin lesions, termed as tinea incognito. This condition is usually difficult to treat, but Unani medicines can provide satisfactory results in such cases. Here is a case report of a middle-aged male patient suffering from tinea incognito. On treating the patient with Unani medicines for 30 days, there was a significant reduction in the subjective symptoms, i.e. erythema, pruritus, and scaling, along with a reduction in the Physician’s Global Assessment Score. The microscopic examination of the lesions on the potassium hydroxide mount was found to be negative for fungal hyphae after the treatment. Through this case report, it can be inferred that tinea incognito can be effectively managed with the administration of Unani medicines.
An Umbrella Review and Research Update of the Relationship between Shame and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder/Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Pai Nagesh , Vella Shae-Leigh C
Published: June 2024

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (cPTSD) are debilitating psychiatric conditions associated with disability and morbidity; historically, PTSD has been conceptualized as a fear-based anxiety disorder. More recently, it has been found that other negative emotions are also primary in PTSD/cPTSD. Shame is a diagnostic component of cPTSD and is known to be positively associated with PTSD. Thus, PTSD with shame and cPTSD are reviewed together in this article. Two reviews were conducted an umbrella review of previous reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses of the relationship between PTSD/cPTSD and shame as well as a research update. The umbrella review was comprised four reviews and the research update 10 articles published after the last review, Shi et al. The findings indicate a strong relationship between PTSD/cPTSD and shame. Further trauma-related shame has a role in the development of PTSD/cPTSD and trait-based shame has a role in the maintenance of PTSD/cPTSD. The findings and limitations of this review are discussed.
Outcome of Camp Approach in Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder: A Non-randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Ezhumalai Sinu
Published: June 2024

Background:

Studies examining the outcome of the camp approach in the treatment of alcohol dependence are limited in India.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to compare the outcomes of the community-based camp (CBC) approach and the hospital-based camp (HBC) approach in the treatment of persons with alcohol dependence.

Methods:

The study used a non-randomized controlled study design (quasi-experimental research design before and after with a control group). In total, 60 respondents were selected through the census method (30 in the study group and 30 in the control group). Thirty respondents from the CBC formed the experimental group, and another 30 from the HBC formed the control group. The CBC was held for 7 days, and the HBC was held for 10 days. The tools used are the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the World Health Organization quality of life (QoL)-BREF.

Statistical Analysis:

Independent t-test and effect size analysis were used. Kasturba Hospital Institute Ethics Committee, Manipal, had given the ethical clearance.

Results:

The majority (73%) of the respondents in the CBC and 57% of the HBC participants maintained complete abstinence during the post-test. The relapse rate was lower in the CBC (27%) than in the HBC (43%). CBC is effective at increasing the number of follow-ups and decreasing alcohol intake during relapse. The effect of the camp intervention on increasing the number of follow-ups was medium (d = 0.36). The CBC had a small effect on enhancing the QoL of treated individuals with alcohol dependence syndrome during the post-test (d = 0.27).

Conclusion:

The CBC approach is more effective than the hospital one at increasing follow-up and QoL and reducing the relapse rate.
An Investigation of the Knowledge of Infection Control Practices Held by Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Rahman Gazi R. , Bhaumik Amiya
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), arising from inadequate hygiene practices, significantly increase morbidity and mortality rates in hospitalized patients.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive study involved 350 healthcare workers from private hospitals in Wuhan, China. Participants responded to a questionnaire with close-ended questions, distributed physically and via email. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.

Results:

The analysis indicated a gap in healthcare workers’ knowledge of infection control, affecting hospital hygiene standards. About 60% of respondents hold a diploma or higher qualification.

Conclusion:

The findings underscore the importance of targeted training and educational initiatives in infection control procedures. A significant factor in hospitals’ inadequate hygiene practices is the gap in staff training and knowledge.
Exercise therapy to treat trismus in a patient with head neck cancer: A case report
Authors: Mandal Soumyajit , Mandal Subhajit , Malik Deepika , Thakur Kanika , Chahal Aksh
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Trismus, a reduction in mouth opening (MO), is frequently observed in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Defined by an inter-incisal distance of less than 35 mm, trismus significantly impacts the quality of life. This case study examines a 36-year-old female with left buccal mucosa carcinoma, presenting with an MO of 28 mm, measured via a digital Vernier caliper. A tailored physiotherapy protocol was implemented, involving warm-up exercises and stretching with a Heister jaw opener, executed twice daily for 4 weeks. The posttreatment assessment showed a notable MO increase to 42 mm. This case illustrates the benefits of exercise therapy for trismus in HNC, suggesting its utility as a noninvasive treatment option.
Ab. No. 178 Comparison of Yo - Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 In University Level - Cricket and Football Players
Authors: Priya M Sathya
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Cricket and Football are team sports which are intermittent in nature. Furthermore, there are no normative data available for cricketers and footballers specific to Indian Population. Data obtained will be useful for coaches, physiotherapists, sports scientists to determine the fitness level of athletes. The study aimed to evaluate Yo -Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (YYIRT1) in Cricket and Football Players to obtain age & sex specific baseline data. The study focused on assessing & providing normative values of YYIRT1 and designing training program for cricketers & footballers.

Methods:

Total 159 participants took part in the study - 51 cricketers, 58 footballers and 50 age-matched control. It is a Cross-sectional study design. Volunteered participants were included in the study based on inclusion criteria. Participants were screened using ACSM – Pre-Participation Screening Questionnaire. Heart rate was recorded using Polar H10. Distance covered in YYIRT1 was used to obtain the predicted Vo2max values.

Result:

Predicted Vo2max of Cricketers (42.15±1.89), Footballers (42.72±2.31), Age-matched control (38.68±1). Whisker box plot shows, Footballers had equal quartile distribution while cricketers’ quartiles were not equally distributed.

Conclusion:

This study provides the baseline data of YYIRT1 for cricketers and footballers. Aerobic capacity of football players shows moderately higher vo2max compared with cricketers and age-matched control. Significant difference in vo2max was founded in untrained healthy athletic participants.

Implications:

Future research should be conducted in different regions of India to bring the normative data for YYIRT1 in Indian population, as the physical and physiological characteristics of different regions can show varied level in Vo2max.
Ab. No. 181 Screening for Peripheral Arterial Disease in Asymptomatic at Risk Individuals: A Case Control Study
Authors: Sahasrabudhe Prajakta , Dekate Akanksha
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease can be screened by calculation of ankle brachial index (ABI) but population at risk with normal resting ABI may still have underlying atherosclerosis of the vessel wall which can be diagnosed with calculation of post exercise ABI. This study evaluated and compared postexercise ABI in normal healthy individuals without risk of peripheral arterial disease, ones at the risk of peripheral arterial disease and diagnosed patients of PAD. The study intended to identify peripheral arterial disease early in individuals who have not yet developed the disease but have more than 10% of Framingham risk score.

Methods:

Individuals above age of 35 years were recruited and segregated in three groups: Group A- Having diagnosed and symptomatic PAD; Group B- Individuals at risk of PAD as per Framingham risk score; Group C- Normal healthy individuals with low or no risk of PAD as per Framingham risk score. ABI was assessed at rest and after treadmill test. Absolute changes in systolic blood pressure values post exercise were also recorded. Post exercise ABI and absolute changes in systolic blood pressure were compared in all three groups.

Result:

Between group comparison revealed a significant difference in ABI at rest, post exercise ABI and difference in systolic ankle pressure (p value <0.001). No significant difference was found between group B and group C.

Conclusion:

Post exercise ABI values differed between diagnosed, at risk and having low risk of PAD but were similar in at risk and low risk groups.

Implications:

Few individuals from group B had reduction in post exercise ABI underlining the need to periodically assess them for PAD with post exercise ABI- a non-invasive, inexpensive tool.
Ab. No. 40 The Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Respiratory Muscle Strength and Quality of Life in Maintenance Hemodialysis Individuals- A Case Study
Authors: Chanda Krish , Tiwari Bharat
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health concern characterized by multiple organ dysfunction, including lung function. The kidneys and lungs regulate acid-base balance, blood pressure, and fluid homeostasis, and CKD can significantly impair lung function due to persistent fluid overload, individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) frequently develop a restrictive spirometry pattern. Pulmonary edema and respiratory muscle dysfunction can occur when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases as a result of fluid retention as well as alterations in the metabolism, endocrine system, and cardiovascular system. Deteriorating pulmonary function may be associated with both GFR and urine protein excretion. Other significant systemic symptoms associated with lung diseases, such as anemia, osteoporosis, malnutrition, muscular wasting, and cardiovascular disease, are also affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study aims to study the effect of inspiratory muscle trainers on respiratory parameters in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods:

Individuals with chronic kidney failure and undergoing hemodialysis. Maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax) was assessed by use of a pressure vacuum meter reading. Pulmonary function was assessed by use of spirometry. Functional capacity was assessed by use of walked distance obtained in the six-minute walk test (6MWT). A four-week inspiratory muscle training (IMT) protocol was applied during hemodialysis sessions, with load set to 40% of PImax and a weekly frequency of three alternate days.

Result:

After 4 weeks of training, there was a significant improvement in the walked distance, pulmonary function test, and respiratory muscle strength (PImax-21cmH2O to -90cmH2O).

Conclusion:

The study showed significant differences in respiratory muscle strength, and pulmonary function. An increase in the walked distance was observed in the 6MWT.

Implications:

Based on the current case it is safe to say that inspiratory muscle training can be used in chronic kidney disease to improve respiratory outcomes.
Ab. No. 55 Using Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) for Measuring Neck Range of Motion (ROM) in Persons With Neck Pain: a Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Lenny Vasanthan T , Andrews Amal , Reddy Diwakar , Balasubramanian Sivakumar
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Neck pain is one of the top five leading causes of disability in people around the globe. Range of Motion (ROM) is a fundamental clinical measure used to examine movement of joints in the body. A Universal goniometer is used to manually measure the ROM, this may be prone to measurement errors. Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) sensors detect the linear acceleration and angular velocity. They could be utilized to evaluate joint ROM, as they are relatively inexpensive and can be calibrated to convenience. The study aims to validate the device using an Optical motion capture system (OMCS) (Phase 1) and To measure the test-retest reliability of the device in the clinical setup in people with neck pain (Phase 2)

Methods:

Phase 1: Validation of the IMU was done against OMCS in Bioengineering department for Neck flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation (both left and right) on two consecutive days for 34 individuals.

Phase 2: Forty patients with neck pain were recruited from Outpatient Physiotherapy unit, CMC Vellore. Data was recorded by the IMU system and stored on a computer. Patients were reassessed again to test the reliability on another day. The same clinician administered the assessments for all patients.

Result:

Phase 1 - The correlation coefficient was found to be excellent between the IMU and OMCS for all movements of the neck. Neck angle error - 2.19 to 4.20.

Phase 2 - Intra-rater reliability of the device was assessed and it was found to be moderate to good among people with neck pain. The ICC ranged from 0.62 to 0.83 for the different neck ROM.

Conclusion:

The use of IMU for measuring neck ROM is a valid and reliable tool. It can be a useful clinical tool for consistent measurement and accurate documentation in the future.
Ab. No. 68 Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Menopause Symptoms in Perimenopausal Housewives
Authors: Patel Jahanvi , Sheth Megha
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

To find effect of four weeks of aerobic exercise on Menopausal Symptoms using Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS) in perimenopausal housewives.

Women during perimenopause suffer from hot flashes, fatigue, and mood swings due to hormonal changes. These symptoms can disrupt daily life, work, and well-being. Housewives may have limited access to health information leading to a lack of awareness of symptoms, resulting in increased suffering and a lack of understanding of how to manage. Aerobic exercise, like walking, has been shown to reduce these symptoms and improve overall well-being in perimenopausal women.

Method:

36 housewives aged between 40-55years with perimenopausal symptoms were randomized into an intervention group A or a control group B. Women with known conditions which affected walking, taking drugs to relieve perimenopausal symptoms, women with surgical menopause, and receiving any hormone therapy were excluded.

An experimental study was conducted in community of Ahmedabad. Women in the intervention group were asked to perform walking at 11-13 RPE for 150 minutes/week with warm up and cool down, five times a week. Those in control group continued their usual routine. Outcome used was menopausal rating scale.

Data analysis was performed using SPSSv.20. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for within group analysis and Mann-Whitney U test for between group analyses. Level of Significance was 5%.

Results:

Study is ongoing. Within group analysis for group A(z=-3.187,p=0.001) and for group B(z=-1.890, p=0.059). Between group analysis U=13, p=0.0001.

Conclusion:

Aerobic exercise like walking reduces menopausal symptoms in perimenopausal housewives.

Implication:

Aerobic exercise has benefits on physical and mental health, including reduced hot flashes, improved sleep, and decreased depression, significantly contributing to improving quality of life and well-being during the perimenopausal phase in women undergoing the menopause transition. Housewives who may have reduced social peers to discuss these symptoms can benefit from structured walking programs.
Ab. No. 87 Comparative Efficacy of Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (M-CIMT) Technique With or Without Restraint Device on Gait and Balance of Hemiplegic Patients With Stroke: A Pilot Study
Authors: Bandopadhyay Suparna , Pradhan Anwesh , Saha Shilpasree
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

The purpose was to compare the effect of Modified Constraint-induced movement therapy (m-CIMT) with or without the restraint device on static balance, dynamic balance and gait of patients with hemiplegia.

Using m-CIMT as a rehabilitative approach in Physiotherapy practice may improve the weight-bearing asymmetries, static balance, dynamic balance and gait. Patients with hemiplegia (n=16) of both genders aged 40-65 years with MMSE score≥ 24, Brunnstrom recovery stages≥ III were randomly divided into two groups.

Methodology:

Group 1(n=8) underwent m-CIMT therapy with a weight cuff on the unaffected ankle during exercises, while Group 2(n=8) performed the same exercises without any restraint device keeping their non-paretic hip and knee extended and feet flat. Gait quality and balance were assessed using the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) respectively. Doses were 5 days per week for 2 weeks.

Paired T-test was used for within groups and independent sample T-test was used to compare between groups. The probability of error was accepted at P<0.05. SPSS 26.0 was used for analysis.

Result:

Significant (P<0.05) improvement was observed in DGI in both groups and the BBS improved only in group 1. Between groups, the analysis showed significant (P<0.05) differences in DGI score and insignificant (P>0.05) differences with BBS.

Conclusion:

m-CIMT with restraint device improves gait and balance. m-CIMT without restraint device improves gait only and not balance. m-CIMT using a restraint device is more effective in improving gait. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of balance.

Implication:

m-CIMT using a restraining device can improve dynamic gait and balance in patients with hemiplegia.