bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Фазовая диаграмма состояния и межфазные характеристики в бинарной наносистеме
Authors: Шебзухова М.А. , Шебзухов А.А.
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe size effects on the composition of coexisting phases, the interfacial layer between them, and the interfacial tension in a binary system composed of a matrix and the monodispersed particles of arbitrary (including nanoscale) size are described in the context of a Gibbs method for dispersed systems. Obtaining the relevant relationships has allowed plotting the size-dependent phase state diagrams for a Cr–Ti system with a point of equal concentrations with a minimum. The coefficients of size composition of the nanoparticles and the matrix, as well as those of interfacial tension under the isobaric and isothermal conditions, are calculated at different degree of dispersion. The calculated data coincide with the experimental ones.
Атомная и электронная структура реконструкций поверхности (111) в кристаллах ZnSe и CdSe
Authors: Бекенев В.Л. , Зубкова С.М.
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe atomic and electron structure of four variants of polar (111)-(2 × 2) surfaces in ZnSe and CdSe terminated by a cation, namely, the ideal, relaxed, reconstructed, and relaxed after reconstruction surfaces, are calculated for the first time from the first principles. The surface is simulated by a film with a thickness of 12 atomic layers and a vacuum gap of ~16 Å in the layered superlattice approximation. Four fictitious hydrogen atoms with a charge of 0.5 electrons each are added for closing dangling Se bonds on the opposite side of the film. Ab initio calculations are performed using the QUANTUM ESPRESSO software based on the density functional theory. It is shown that relaxation results in splitting of atomic layers. We calculate and analyze the band structures and total and layer-wise densities of electron states for four variants of the surface.
Перколяционный переход в углеродном композите на основе фуллеренов и терморасширенного графита
Authors: Берёзкин В.И. , Попов В.В.
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe electrical conductivity of a carbon composite on the basis of C_60 fullerenes and exfoliated graphite is investigated in the range of relative contents of components from 0 to 100%. The samples are obtained by the thermal treatment of the initial dispersed mixtures in vacuum in the diffusion–adsorption process and their further cold pressing. The resistivity of the samples gradually increases with an increase in the fraction of fullerenes, and a sharp transition from the conductive state to the dielectric one is observed after achieving certain concentrations of C_60. The interpretation of the results within the percolation theory makes it possible to evaluate the percolation threshold (expressed as a relative content of graphite) as equal to 4.45 wt % and the critical conductivity index as equal to 1.85 (which is typical for three-dimensional twocomponent disordered media including those having pores).
Высокоскоростные полупроводниковые вертикально-излучающие лазеры для оптических систем передачи данных (Обзор)
Authors: Блохин С.А. , Малеев Н.А. , Бобров М.А. , Кузьменков А.Г. , Сахаров А.В. , Устинов В.М.
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe main problems of providing a high-speed operation semiconductor lasers with a vertical microcavity (so-called “vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers”) under amplitude modulation and ways to solve them have been considered. The influence of the internal properties of the radiating active region and the electrical parasitic elements of the equivalent circuit of lasers are discussed. An overview of approaches that lead to an increase of the cutoff parasitic frequency, an increase of the differential gain of the active region, the possibility of the management of mode emission composition and the lifetime of photons in the optical microcavities, and reduction of the influence of thermal effects have been presented. The achieved level of modulation bandwidth of ∼30 GHz is close to the maximum achievable for the classical scheme of the direct-current modulation, which makes it necessary to use a multilevel modulation format to further increase the information capacity of optical channels constructed on the basis of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers.
Усиление автодинного сигнала в бистабильном вертикально-излучающем лазере с использованием вибрационного резонанса
Authors: Чижевский В.Н.
Published: December 2017

AbstractFor the first time, it is demonstrated experimentally that a vibrational resonance in a polarization-bistable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser can be used to increase the laser response in autodyne detection of microvibrations from reflecting surfaces. In this case, more than 25-fold signal amplification is achieved. The influence of the asymmetry of the bistable potential on the microvibration-detection efficiency is studied.
Спектрально-модуляционные характеристики лазеров с вертикальным резонатором
Authors: Васьковская М.И. , Васильев В.В. , Зибров С.А. , Яковлев В.П. , Величанский В.Л.
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe requirements imposed on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers in a number of metrological problems in which optical pumping of alkali atoms is used are considered. For lasers produced by different manufacturers, these requirements are compared with the experimentally observed spectral characteristics at a constant pump current and in the microwave modulation mode. It is shown that a comparatively small number of lasers in the microwave modulation mode make it possible to obtain the spectrum required for atomic clocks based on the coherent population-trapping effect.
Вертикально-излучающие лазеры спектрального диапазона 1.55 mum, сформированные методом спекания
Authors: Бабичев А.В. , Карачинский Л.Я. , Новиков И.И. , Гладышев А.Г. , Блохин С.А. , Mikhailov S. , Iakovlev V. , Sirbu A. , Stepniak G. , Chorchos L. , Turkiewicz J.P. , Воропаев К.O. , Ионов А.С. , Agustin M. , Ledentsov N.N. , Егоров А.Ю.
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe results of studies on fabrication of vertical-cavity surface-emitting 1.55-μm lasers by fusing AlGaAs/GaAs distributed-Bragg-reflector wafers and an active region based on thin In_0.74Ga_0.26 As quantum wells grown by molecular-beam epitaxy are presented. Lasers with a current aperture diameter of 8 μm exhibit continuous lasing with a threshold current below 1.5 mA, an output optical power of 6 mW, and an efficiency of approximately 22%. Single-mode lasing with a side-mode suppression ratio of 40–45 dB is observed in the entire operating current range. The effective modulation frequency of these lasers is as high as 9 GHz and is limited by the low parasitic cutoff frequency and self-heating.
Влияние конструкции резонатора на ширину линии одномодовых вертикально-излучающих лазеров ближнего ИК-диапазона
Authors: Блохин С.А. , Бобров М.А. , Кузьменков А.Г. , Блохин А.А. , Васильев А.П. , Гусева Ю.А. , Кулагина М.М. , Задиранов Ю.М. , Малеев Н.А. , Новиков И.И. , Карачинский Л.Я. , Леденцов Н.Н. , Устинов В.М.
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe studies of the emission linewidth for single-mode near-IR vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with an active region based on InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells and different optical microcavity design. For low mirror loss, lasers with a 1λ cavity and carrier injection through distributed Bragg reflectors demonstrate a linewidth of 70 MHz and its growth to 110 MHz with increasing mirror loss (corresponding differential of efficiency ∼0.65 W/A). The design of the optical cavity with carrier injection through intracavity contacts and low-Q composition Bragg lattices reduces the linewidth to 40 MHz in spite of high mirror loss (corresponding differential efficiency of ∼0.6 W/A).
Исследование статических и динамических характеристик сплавного VCSEL C-диапазона в режиме оптико-электрического преобразователя
Authors: Белкин М.Е.
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe results of an experimental study for a long wavelength vertical cavity surface-emitting laser of a wafer-fused construction as an effective resonant cavity enhanced photodetector of analog optical signals are described. The device is of interest for a number of promising microwave photonics applications and for creation of a low-cost photoreceiver in a high-speed fiber optics telecommunication system with dense wavelength division multiplexing. The schematic of the testbed, the original technique allowing to calculate the passband of the built-in optical cavity, and the results of measuring dark current, current responsivity, amplitude- and phase-frequency characteristics during the process of photo-detection are demonstrated.
Дизайн и новая функциональность антиволноводных вертикально-излучающих лазеров на длину волны 850 nm
Authors: Леденцов Н.Н. , Щукин В.А. , Kalosha V.P. , Ledentsov, Jr. N.N. , Kropp J.R. , Agustin M. , Блохин С.А. , Блохин А.А. , Бобров М.А. , Кулагина М.М. , Задиранов Ю.М. , Малеев Н.А.
Published: December 2017

AbstractVertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with an aperture limited by an oxide and a resonance cavity based on GaAlAs with high Al content provide a maximum γ factor (λ/2 design) and suppression of optical power beyond the aperture. A VCSEL with two coupled cavities provides additional sharp growth of the loss of high-order lateral modes by leakage to the oxidized region and provides single-mode laser generation for an aperture diameter of up to 5 μm. Single-mode antiwaveguiding VCSELs provide ultrafast data transmission with a rate of up to 160 Gbit/s. The structure in which the active medium is placed in the lower distributed Bragg reflector and the cavity and the upper distributed Bragg reflector are dielectric, reducing the temperature shift of the radiation wavelength by a factor of 2 (to ∼0.03 nm/K).
Влияние режима отжига на свойства терагерцевой фотопроводящей антенны на основе LT-GaAs
Authors: Номоев С.А. , Васильевский И.С. , Виниченко А.Н. , Козловский К.И. , Чистяков А.А. , Мишина Е.Д. , Хусяинов Д.И. , Буряков А.М.
Published: December 2017

AbstractLow-temperature gallium arsenide (LT-GaAs) films were grown by the method of molecularbeam epitaxy (MBE) at a reduced temperature (230°C) on GaAs(100) substrates and subjected to postgrowth annealing in various regimes. Photoconductive antennas (PCAs) with flag geometry formed on the film surface were characterized by terahertz (THz) response power at various bias voltages. The method of THz spectroscopy was used to study the characteristics of PCAs based on LT-GaAs films annealed in various regimes and the optimum interval of postgrowth annealing temperatures (670–720°C) was established.
Свойства керамического пироэлектрического генератора рентгеновского излучения в зависимости от давления остаточного газа
Authors: Щагин А.В. , Волков В.И. , Мирошник В.С. , Кубанкин А.С. , Олейник А.Н.
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe properties of X-ray emission from a pyroelectric accelerator based on ferroelectric ceramics have been experimentally studied, including the maximum energy of X-ray photons and their maximum yield generated by accelerated electrons at various pressures of residual gas in the generator chamber. The maximum X-ray yield and maximum energy of X-ray photons and accelerated electrons have been observed at a residual-gas pressure of around several millitorr.
Панорамная спектроскопия спонтанного комбинационного рассеяния для диагностики струйных реагирующих потоков с использованием перестраиваемого фильтра Лио-Эмана
Authors: Шараборин Д.К. , Маркович Д.М. , Дулин В.М.
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe spatial-density distribution in burning a premixed methane–air swirling turbulent jet has been studied by measuring the intensity of the Stokes branch of spontaneous Raman scattering for vibrational–rotational transitions in nitrogen. An optical system comprising a Nd:YAG laser and the liquid-crystalline Lyot–Ehman tunable filter has been created and tested by measuring the temperature and density fields in a cone-shaped laminar flame. It has been established that the difference of data obtained using the Stokes component of Raman scattering in nitrogen and its ratio to the anti-Stokes component does not exceed 5% in a temperature range from 300 to 1800 K.
Электрокалорический эффект в твердом растворе BaTiO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=--SrTiO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Смирнова Е.П. , Сотникова Г.Ю. , Зайцева Н.В. , Капралов А.А. , Гаврилов Г.А.
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe have studied the electrocaloric effect in 0.68BaTiO_3–0.32SrTiO_3 solid solution, as well as the dielectric, pyroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of this compound in the vicinity of the first-order phase transition in a bias electric field. The dielectric and electromechanical contributions to the pyroelectric and electrocaloric effects are discussed.
Ударное сжатие лазерной плазмы для увеличения интенсивности сигнала при спектрометрическом определении микрокомпонентов в рудах
Authors: Закускин А.С. , Попов А.М. , Зоров Н.Б. , Лабутин Т.А.
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe have studied the confinement of laser plasma by shock waves (also known as “spatial confinement” induced on an ore sample, as exemplified by changes in the intensity of Ag I 328.07 nm and Au I 267.60 nm emission lines. It is established that the maximum increase in intensity of these lines is observed at 2- to 2.5-μs delay, which corresponds to an increase in the plasma temperature up to 5900 K. The signal-to-noise ratio upon the spatial confinement of plasma is somewhat reduced, but the overall growth of signal intensity provides increase in the sensitivity of laser-induced breakdown spectrometry for determining trace elements in ores.
Гигантский сдвиг частоты в спектре рамановского рассеяния водой на поверхности металлического серебра
Authors: Компан М.Е. , Малышкин В.Г.
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe Raman spectrum of water adsorbed on a metallic silver surface reveals an anomalously large shift of the vibrational frequency as compared to that in the bulk. The results are compared to data reported by other researchers, and possible interpretations of the observed phenomenon are discussed.
Гексагональные слои AlN, выращенные на сульфидированной Si(100)-подложке
Authors: Бессолов В.Н. , Гущина Е.В. , Коненкова Е.В. , Львова Т.В. , Пантелеев В.Н. , Щеглов М.П.
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe have studied the influence of sulfide passivation on the initial stages of aluminum nitride (AlN)-layer nucleation and growth by hydride vapor-phase epitaxy (HVPE) on (100)-oriented single-crystalline silicon substrates. It is established that the substrate pretreatment in (NH_4)_2S aqueous solution leads to the columnar nucleation of hexagonal AlN crystals of two modifications rotated by 30° relative to each other. Based on the sulfide treatment, a simple method of oxide removal from and preparation of Si(100) substrate surface is developed that can be used for the epitaxial growth of group-III nitride layers.
Компактный источник вспышечной короны для биологических и медицинских применений
Authors: Мошкунов С.И. , Хомич В.Ю. , Шершунова Е.А.
Published: December 2017

AbstractA compact source of low-temperature plasma for biological and medical applications is proposed, which operates at kilohertz frequencies in the regime of flash-corona discharge with an energy of 0.1 mJ/pulse. The plasma source was tested in application to plasma pretreatment of green salad seeds. Plasma-treated seeds exhibited increased (by about 25%) germination speed as compared to that in the untreated control.
Interpretation and Overinterpretation of Ja’far Ibn Hasan Al-Barzanji’s Mawlid Al-Barzanji
Authors: Mashur Fadlil Munawwar
Published: December 2017

This article examines the use of interpretation and overinterpretation in understanding Ja’far ibn Hasan al-Barzanji’s text, Mawlid al-Barzanji, one of the religious literatures in Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that Mawlid Al-Barzanji which contain majesty, miracles, prayer, and profound love for the Prophet is widely responded by Indonesian Muslims through the process of reading, interpretation, and appreciation. Such widespread acceptance is due to the fulfillment of interpretation requirements which requires the existence of a common world view between author and reader or interpreter. On the other hand, overinterpretation occurs when the text of Mawlid Al-Barzanji is interpreted by those who have different world views as a result of different religious ideas and religious ideologies. Such overinterpretation invites negative response, ideological prejudice, and rejection of some parts of Al-Barzanji text by those who identify themselves as a salafi group.
Gleisy Vieira Campos
Authors: Vieira Campos Gleisy
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo focaliza-se na utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) como aliadas no processo de inclusão de crianças e adolescentes hospitalizados, contribuindo para a autoestima e desejo de aprendizado desses sujeitos. Neste sentido, buscou-se compreender: quais os direitos legais, dilemas e perspectivas educacionais de crianças e adolescentes hospitalizados? Como utilizar as TICs em classes hospitalares? Como as crianças hospitalizadas reagem e interagem com as TICs e suas contribuições para a elevação de sua autoestima e aprendizagem? O trabalho foi desenvolvido numa abordagem qualitativa, sendo o estudo de caso o método de pesquisa adotado. A investigação foi realizada na Brinquedoteca da Oncologia pediátrica do Hospital Vida, de Itabuna, envolvendo a participação de duas crianças e três adolescentes com idades entre cinco e quinze anos que se encontravam, naquele período, hospitalizados. Durante a aplicação do projeto Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação no contexto Hospitalar, noperíodo de duas semanas, observamos como as crianças reagiam e interagiam diante das atividades propostas. Os instrumentos e estratégias possibilitaram compreender que as TICs estão cada vez mais inseridas no contexto social das crianças e adolescentes do século XXI, assim, é mais produtivo realizar intervenções pedagógicas e psicopedagógicas, utilizando o que os pacientes mais têm utilizado no âmbito da tecnologia: computadores, celulares, jogos, máquina digital etc.
O DESPERTAR PARA UMA EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: A REALIDADE DA ESCOLA MUNICIPAL BAIXA DA FARTURA NO ASSENTAMENTO AMARALINA
Authors: Souza Benedictis Laily
Published: December 2017

No presente artigo, relata-se alguns resultados da pesquisa monográfica de conclusão do curso de Licenciatura Plena em Geografia, realizada entre 2009 e 2010. Esse estudo objetivou analisar a prática da Educação Ambiental desenvolvida pela Escola Municipal Baixa da Fartura, localizada no Assentamento Amaralina, em Vitória da Conquista/BA. Buscou-se ainda, identificar práticas pedagógicas no cotidiano escolar. Empiricamente, foi possível verificar que o corpo docente direciona a discussão ambiental sob a perspectiva do descarte do lixo e a higiene pessoal. Ficou evidente que há a necessidade de planejamento referente à prática de ações que contemplem a Educação Ambiental na Instituição.
LIGA TRANSDISCIPLINAR DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO SUDOESTE DA BAHIA (LITTI – UESB): FORMAÇÃO, AÇÕES, PREOCUPAÇÕES E DESAFIOS
Authors: Ramos Nascimento Weskley
Published: December 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever o processo de formação, os atuais e os futuros desafios na criação da Liga acadêmica Transdisciplinar de Terapia Intensiva da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (LITTI – UESB), uma das primeiras ligas transdisciplinares de terapia intensiva no cenário nacional. O projeto tem um caráter extensionista continuado por essência, uma vez que visa a integração dos discentes aos serviços de terapia intensiva da região. Trata-se de um estudo de relato de experiência, contendo a descrição das ações e estratégias para a implantação da LITTI – UESB no campus de Jequié, no ano de 2010, e suas principais ações, integrando o eixo ensino e serviço. A partir do programa de mestrado da Sociedade Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva (SOBRATI), surgiu a vontade do docente Rodrigo Santos Queiroz de fundar uma liga acadêmica na UESB. Diante disso, os discentes Weskley Ramos e Yennydy Moura auxiliaram na formação e criação da LITTI. Dentre as principais realizações extensionistas da liga estão: inserção dos membros na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) do Hospital Geral Prado Valadares (HGPV) e realização da estatística descritiva do perfil epidemiológico dessa instituição; aprovação de um membro, em primeiro lugar, no programa de residência em Fisioterapia Pneumofuncional do Estado da Bahia (2011) e mais três aprovações na residência da Incor em São Paulo; realização de palestras sobre quatro grandes temas em terapia intensiva; promoção dos discentes em congressos. Como proposta futura, está sendo organizado um projeto de intervenção para a melhoria da qualidade de assistência da UTI do HGPV. A LITTI é uma ideia inovadora no cenário nacional, promissora no seu caráter transdisciplinar e extracurricular, que garante aos discentes um raciocínio construtivo, teórico e prático sobre os tópicos relacionados à área de terapia intensiva e estimula a formação de novas ligas nas faculdades e universidades brasileiras.
Desencadenantes migrañosos y habituación del potencial evocado visual. Definiendo subgrupos de pacientes
Authors: Lisicki M , Ruiz Romganoli E , Piedrabuena R , Giobellina R , Schoenen J , Magis D
Published: December 2017

Identificar subgrupos específicos de pacientes dentro del espectro clínico de la migraña podría ayudar a personalizar el tratamiento de la misma. Definir perfiles de pacientes según su relación entre las características clínicas y los biomarcadores neurofisiológicos sería de suma importancia y es en gran medida un ámbito inexplorado. Los ataques de migraña pueden ser desencadenados por distintos factores, entre los cuales el estrés, los cambios hormonales, el ayuno y la falta de sueño son los mayormente asociados.1 Los desencadenantes de la migraña no forman parte de los criterios diagnósticos, pero pueden caracterizar subgrupos de pacientes.2 La deficiente habituación a los estímulos visuales repetidos es una característica neurofisiológica comúnmente encontrada en las cohortes de migraña, sin embargo, no se puede demostrar en todos los pacientes y no se ha reproducido en todos los estudios.3 Se puede suponer que los pacientes con diferentes perfiles de habituación pueden diferir por rasgos fenotípicos, como los desencadenantes de las crisis. Por ello nos propusimos estudiar qué asociación existe entre los desencadenantes del ataque de migraña y la habituación de los potenciales evocados visuales (PEV).
Pulverización de metales para la construcción de moldes
Authors: Simmonds R.
Published: December 2017

Se describe el procedimiento técnico y sus aplicaciones de la pulverización de metales para la construcción de moldes.
Diseño y cálculo de herramientas para brochar. Parte I. Desprendimiento de viruta mediante procesos de brochado
Authors: Benavides Cuellar Mariano Antonio
Published: December 2017

Las máquinas brochadoras pueden ser horizontales o verticales. Si bien las herramientas son muy costosas, se justifica el proceso para la fabricación de grandes series o piezas iguales de construcción difícil y alta precisión. Se describe el  desprendimiento de viruta mediante procesos de brochado.
Moldes de inyección para plásticos. Parte II. Cálculos para el aprovechamiento óptimo de la capacidad instalada en procesos de inyección
Authors: Bohorquez Antonio
Published: December 2017

Se describen  los cálculos con el fin de determinar el aprovechamiento óptimo de la capacidad instalada en procesos de inyección.
Terminología de los procesos de transformación. Extrusión
Authors: Laguna Castellanos O.
Published: December 2017

Se presenta y describe terminología usada en los procesos de transformación en especial extrusión.
Unique Features of the Networks
Authors: Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

Peer-to-peer accommodation networks have rocked the established accommodation sector, dramatically increasing the variety of accommodation options available to people around the world. They have also created a number of societal challenges never expected to result from a short-term accommodation trading platform. Something about peer-to-peer accommodation networks is very different from anything we have seen before, although they consist of building blocks which are not new at all. This chapter explores some of the unique features of Airbnb – the leading international peer-to-peer accommodation network – and proposes a conceptual model of elements contributing to Airbnb’s success.
The Sharing Economy
Authors: Reinhold Stephan , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

Peer-to-peer accommodation networks in general, and Airbnb in particular, are frequently referred to as part of the sharing economy. This chapter provides an overview of key characteristics of the sharing economy, discusses how these characteristics relate to peer-to-peer accommodation, and positions peer-to-peer accommodation networks within the sharing economy.
The Business Model
Authors: Reinhold Stephan , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

Peer-to-peer accommodation networks in general, and Airbnb in particular, are frequently referred to as part of the sharing economy. This chapter provides an overview of key characteristics of the sharing economy, discusses how these characteristics relate to peer-to-peer accommodation, and positions peer-to-peer accommodation networks within the sharing economy.
How Airbnb Creates Value
Authors: Reinhold Stephan , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

A business model is like an ultrasound for businesses: it provides – from the outside – detailed insight into six vital elements of a business which explain their functioning (Chapter 3). Each peer-to-peer accommodation network is slightly different and requires an independent business model analysis. Here we analyze the business model of Airbnb because it is the international market leader in commercial peer-to-peer accommodation trading and a model other platforms aspire to. We focus on value proposition, creation, communication, and transfer. The other two elements (value capture and dissemination) are discussed in Chapter 5.
How Airbnb Captures and Disseminates Value
Authors: Reinhold Stephan , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

This chapter analyses two of the six vital business model elements, explaining the functioning of peer-to-peer accommodation networks: value capture and dissemination. The other elements are discussed in detail in Chapter 4. We focus on Airbnb because it is the international market leader. Separate business analyses are necessary for other peer-to-peer accommodation networks given that each functions in a slightly different way. In this chapter the business model value capture and value dissemination are discussed in detail for Airbnb.
Airbnb and its Competitors
Authors: Hajibaba Homa , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

Airbnb is the peer-to-peer accommodation network that gets most of the attention – positive and negative. But Airbnb is not the only one. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of existing peer-to-peer accommodation networks, explore their characteristics and propose a typology of peer-to-peer accommodation networks and booking sites.
Will Networks Become One-stop Travel Shops?
Authors: Gardiner Sarah , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

This chapter explores whether peer-to-peer accommodation networks are rapidly developing into one-stop travel shops. Already, airplane seats and a wide range of tours, called Experiences, can be booked on Airbnb. Will tourists soon be able to book everything from airport transport, plane tickets, accommodation, local transport, tours, and travel insurance online? If so, what are the regulatory challenges associated with this? Who is qualified to offer an Experience of kite surfing?
Filling Infrastructure Gaps
Authors: Cvelbar Ljubica Knezevic , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

This chapter discusses the potential of peer-to-peer accommodation networks to fill significant and ongoing accommodation infrastructure gaps at specific destinations or even entire countries. The case discussed here is that of Slovenia, a small country located at the heart of Europe with one of the highest proportions of nature protection areas worldwide. Slovenia is experiencing substantial growth in tourism demand while having serious shortages in tourism accommodation, especially in the main tourism areas. Hotels are mostly state owned and not maintained to ensure quality standards. New hotels are not being built to meet rising demand. Peer-to-peer accommodation networks can fill this accommodation shortage with little need for investment and construction. The challenge Slovenia faces, as it develops new regulations for listing space on such networks, is how to maximize the benefits peer-to-peer accommodation networks can offer while minimizing potential negative side effects.
Regulatory Reactions Around the World
Authors: Hajibaba Homa , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

Peer-to-peer accommodation networks are a global phenomenon. Many cities and states around the world are facing significant regulatory challenges because of the high demand for peer-to-peer network accommodation. This chapter discusses that challenges which have arisen and how a number of cities and states around the world – including New York, San Francisco, Paris, London, Amsterdam, Berlin, Barcelona, Reykjavík, Tokyo and Tasmania – have introduced new or changed existing regulations to address those challenges.
Drivers of Price in City Destinations: Vienna
Authors: Hrobath Bernhard Andreas , Leisch Friedrich , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

Peer-to-peer accommodation networks have been described as disruptive innovations, as revolutions in tourist accommodation, where demand is driven by new factors such as living like a local, authenticity and meeting new people. If indeed reasons for trading on these networks are so fundamentally different, prices should reflect that. This chapter investigates what drives the price of Airbnb listings in Vienna, and asks whether these price drivers are indeed new, or whether they reflect those in established commercial accommodation.
Networks in China
Authors: Xiang Yixiao , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

China is not like most other countries around the world. The Chinese market has not embraced Airbnb whole-heartedly. There are a number of explanations: Chinese people prefer online platforms in Chinese language, and have available to them several platforms, many of which they perceive to have advantages over Airbnb: these are more flexible and better cater to the needs of the Chinese market. And Chinese people feel that their home is only for the use of their family. In traditional culture, homes are not places shared with strangers.
The Impact on Employment
Authors: Forgacs Gabor , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

Contingent (just-in-time, or gig) employment is on the rise in tourism and hospitality. People in contingent employment are not offered long-term contracts, but are called upon when needed. This chapter explores whether peer-to-peer accommodation networks are part of the problem or part of the solution. They create new challenges by increasing the competitive pressure on the established commercial sector, which leads to a reduction in jobs and a conversion of full-time to contingent employment. But they also offer new employment opportunities: without entry barriers, people can earn additional income by renting out spare space, and other opportunities – especially for a workforce trained in hospitality – are emerging as listing managers for hosts. These jobs may be particularly suitable to people traditionally struggling with full-time employment arrangements.
Types of Network Members
Authors: Hardy Anne , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

Not all guests are the same. Not all hosts are the same. In this chapter, typologies of hosts and guests are proposed. The key dimensions of classifying hosts are how important earning money, befriending people, and living an ethical life are. The key dimensions for guests are saving money, meeting people, having an authentic experience, and finding accommodation that caters to their unique needs. We suggest that each host or guest is a mixture of those pure types and, optimally, compatible hosts and guests can be matched.
Networks and Hosts – a Love-Hate Relationship
Authors: Hardy Anne , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

This chapter explores the love-hate relationship of some hosts with Airbnb. The Airbnb Host Forum in Tasmania (Australia) serves as the case study. The hosts who participate in this forum are passionate about their involvement on Airbnb, and advocate for it and its deregulation in their home state. But their passion goes well beyond vocally advocating for peer-to-peer accommodation networks. Like tiger salamanders, these hosts will turn on the facilitators of the online platform and attack them just as quickly as they will support them. This chapter explores this love-hate relationship and asks why hosts bite the hand that feeds them.
The Multi-Family Travel Market
Authors: Hajibaba Homa , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

This chapter explores the potential of peer-to-peer accommodation networks to cater to a market segment with very specific requirements in terms of the size and setup of short-term tourism accommodation: multi-family travel. Hotels, motels, bed and breakfasts, and even resorts typically offer rooms of different sizes, but rarely spaces large enough to allow two or three families to spend their holidays together. Many listings on peer-to-peer accommodation networks have not been developed for tourists; they have been developed for families. As such, they are uniquely suited to cater to this market segment.
Communication-Regulated Social Systems
Authors: Goodfellow Denise Lawungkurr , Hardy Anne , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

Peer-to-peer accommodation networks are considered a relatively new phenomenon. But how new are they really? This chapter explores social interactions on these networks and draws parallels to people whose existence has been dated back 65,000 years: Australian Indigenous communities. Despite their very different appearance, rules of engagement and context, traditional communities have far more in common with modern day neo-tribes that may have been thought.
Helping when Disaster Hits
Authors: Hajibaba Homa , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

Large-scale natural disasters and man-made crises, such as terrorist attacks, can lead to substantial drops in tourism demand in the affected destination, thus threatening the local tourism industry. Demand can fall further if the disaster has reduced the supply of accommodation. This chapter explores the potential of peer-to-peer networks assisting destinations in the immediate emergency, and in the recovery stage. Airbnb has, on a number of occasions, made accommodation available at no cost when people were in need as the consequence of an unexpected event. But even among residents who are not currently members of a network, willingness to help is substantial, pointing to the potential of a new – much more decentralized – approach to disaster recovery at tourism destinations.
Political Activism
Authors: Hajibaba Homa , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

This chapter explores the engagement of peer-to-peer accommodation networks in activities not aligning directly with their corporate mission, including corporate social responsibility and activism. While corporate social responsibility aligns with societal values, activism often seeks to change them, thus potentially alienating customers. Yet Airbnb – the internationally leading commercial peer-to-peer accommodation network – is very proactively engaged in political activism, including fighting for marriage equality and against the tightening of US immigration law.
Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Juvan Emil , Hajibaba Homa , Dolnicar Sara
Published: December 2017

The tourism industry causes significant environmental damage. With demand for peer-to-peer accommodation dramatically increasing and expected to further increase, the question arises whether the provision of accommodation via peer-to-peer networks places a higher burden on the environment or whether it reduces this burden. This question stands at the center of this chapter.
Pacific Journalism Monographs No 1: Pacific Media Freedom 2011: A status report
Authors: Perrottet Alex , Robie David
Published: December 2017

Pacific media freedom has been under siege for more than a decade, particularly since an attempted coup in Fiji in May 2000, when a television station was attacked and ransacked, a foreign journalist was shot and wounded and a local journalist ended up being imprisoned for treason. Since then various Pacific countries, notably Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Tonga and Vanuatu have faced various periods of media repression. Since the military coup in December 2006, Fiji has faced arguably its worst sustained pressure on the media since the original two Rabuka coups in 1987. The Bainimarama regime in June 2010 imposed a Media Industry Development Decree that enforced draconian curbs on journalists and restrictive controls on foreign ownership of the press. This consolidated systematic state censorship of news organisations that had been imposed in April 2009 with the Public Emergency Regulations that have been rolled over on a monthly basis ever since. Promised relaxation of state censorship after the imposition of the Decree never eventuated. This research monograph covers the period 1 July 2010-30 June 2011 and examines the trends in the Pacific region. In addition to Pacific Islands Forum member nations, it covers the French Pacific territories and the former Indonesian colony of East Timor and current twin provinces known collectively as West Papua.
Pacific Journalism Monographs No 2: Coups, conflicts and human rights
Authors: Robie David
Published: December 2017

At the heart of a global crisis over news media credibility and trust is Britain’s so-called Hackgate scandal involving the widespread allegations of phone-hacking and corruption against the now defunct Rupert Murdoch tabloid newspaper News Of The World. Major inquiries on media ethics, professionalism and accountability have been examining the state of the press in New Zealand, Britain and Australia. The Murdoch media empire has stretched into the South Pacific with the sale of one major title being forced by political pressure. The role of news media in global South nations and the declining credibility of some sectors of the developed world’s Fourth Estate also pose challenges for the future of democracy. Truth, censorship, ethics and corporate integrity are increasingly critical media issues in the digital age for a region faced with coups, conflicts and human rights violations, such as in Fiji and West Papua. In this monograph, Professor David Robie reflects on the challenges in the context of the political economy of the media and journalism education in the Asia-Pacific region. He also engages with emerging disciplines such as deliberative journalism, peace journalism, human rights journalism, and revisits notions of critical development journalism and citizen journalism.
Pacific Journalism Monographs No 3: Kiribati media, science and politics
Authors: Korauaba Taberannang
Published: December 2017

By Taberannang Korauaba

Although the Pacific nation of Kiribati has been identified as one of the most vulnerable countries to the impact of climate change, little is known about the attitudes of the local media and the public toward this issue. This is in contrast to empirical study findings which have shown that the public and the media were aware of the threats posed by climate change. This monograph extracted from the author’s thesis argues that the people of Kiribati are not united over climate change.

Browse the author's MCS thesis on Kiribati
Pacific Journalism Monographs No 4: Twentieth anniversary of Pacific Journalism Review
Authors: Robie David
Published: December 2017

Conference proceedings of the "Political journalism in the Asia-Pacific" conference marking 20 years of publication of Pacific Journalism Review, Auckland University of Technology, 27-29 November 2014. The conference combined presentations and papers by journalists, media educators, human rights advocates and investigative documentary makers. This includes the full conference paper on post-elections in Fiji following eight years of military backed rule since the 2006 coup that caused controversy with the Fiji Media Industry Development Authority (MIDA). The proceedings includes messages from the Vice-Chancellor and Head of Pacific Advancement, full abstracts and programme. The full peer-reviewed papers will be published in the May and October 2015 editions of PJR.
Pacific Journalism Monographs No. 6: Watching Our Words: Perceptions of self-censorship and media freedom in Fiji
Authors: Morris Ricardo
Published: December 2017

Ricardo Morris, a journalist and Thomson Reuters fellow from Fiji, has studied the perceptions and practice of self-censorship among journalists from his country in the years following the military coup in December 2006. He focused particularly on the period after the 2014 general election that returned Fiji to democratic rule. In this research monograph, Morris examines how willing Fiji’s media workers are to self-censor, how self-censorship works in newsrooms, and what factors are influential on journalists’ work. The research monograph was first published by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism and has been published by the Pacific Journalism Monograph series at the Pacific Media Centre by arrangement with the author and institute. Morris is the founder, publisher and editor of independent media company Republika Media Limited in Fiji, which publishes the magazine Repúblika.
Saúde Comunitária e Metodologias Participativas na formação e atuação com a temática do uso de drogas: Relato de experiência
Authors: Costa Pedro Henrique Antunes da
Published: December 2017

O presente trabalho objetiva relatar e discutir uma experiência de formação sobre a temática do uso de drogas para profissionais da saúde, assistência social e educação, articulada com as necessidades dos territórios e comunidades, de modo a possibilitar práticas contextualizadas sobre o tema. Para isso, se ancorou na Saúde Comunitária (SC), lançando mão de Metodologias Participativas (MP) na produção de conhecimento, avaliação e potencialização do processo. Mesmo num contexto societário antagônico às premissas de ambas, demonstrou-se as potencialidades da SC, materializada por meio da MP, para a formação e atuação conjuntas, contextualizadas e abrangentes sobre a temática do uso de drogas e suas múltiplas interfaces, circunscritas à realidade sociocomunitária e tendo na transformação de suas necessidades os elementos norteadores.
Fica dentro ou joga fora? Sobre práticas cotidianas em unidades domésticas na Porto Alegre oitocentista
Authors: Tocchetto Fernanda
Published: December 2017

O artigo apresenta a investigação realizada sobre quatro sítios arqueológicos históricos situados no município de Porto Alegre, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Visando interpretar práticas cotidianas em unidades domésticas oitocentistas, relacionadas às refeições, ao consumo do chá e ao descarte de lixo, procurei estabelecer uma relação entre os contextos e materiais arqueológicos evidenciados e os discursos e práticas situadas no processo de construção da modernidade brasileira no século dezenove. Tais práticas foram contextualizadas em nível local, nacional e internacional, considerando as influências de uma Europa moderna e já capitalista. A desterritorialização dos discursos de seus lugares de origem provocou a apropriação, a reinterpretação e a adaptação de valores e práticas modernas ocidentais segundo particularidades locais.
PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR ANTESEDEN E-CUSTOMER SATISFACTION, E-CUSTOMER TRUST DAN COMPULSIVE BUYING PADA PEMBENTUKKAN E-CUSTOMER LOYALTY
Authors: Wijaya Petra Surya Mega , Istriani Ety
Published: December 2017

Temuan dari penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan yang berharga pada pengembangan teori belanja online dan bagi perusahaan yang akan melakukan penjualan secara online. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menggabungkan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Wang dan Yang (2008), Eid (2011) dan Campbell (2013). Adapun variabel penelitian yang akan digunakan adalah e-customer loyalty, e- customer satisfaction, e-customer trust, compulsive buying, user interface quality, information quality, perceived security, perceived privacy, dan competent behavior. Rumusan masalah penelitian adalah (1) apakah e-customer loyalty dipengaruhi oleh e- customer satisfaction, e-customer trust, dan compulsive buying, dan (2) apakah e- customer satisfaction dan e-customer trust dipengaruhi user interface quality, information quality, perceived security, perceived privacy, dan competent behavior. Sebanyak 200 kuesioner dibagikan secara purposive kepada masyarakat Yogyakarta yang berusia 15 tahun hingga 30 tahun dan pernah melakukan transaksi online sedikitnya satu kali dalam 6 bulan terakhir. Response rate penelitian ini adalah 100% karena penarikan kuesioner dilakukan saat itu juga sesaat setelah pengisian selesai. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan alat analisis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa semua hipotesis yang diajukan dapat didukung, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) e-customer loyalty dipengaruhi oleh e-customer satisfaction, e-customer trust, dan compulsive buying, dan (2) e-customer satisfaction dan e-customer trust dipengaruhi oleh user interface quality, information quality, perceived security, perceived privacy, dan competent behavior.This study tries to combine research conducted by Wang and Yang (2008), Eid (2011) and Campbell (2013). Formulation of research problems are: (1) whether the e-customer loyalty is influenced by the e-customer satisfaction, customere-trust, and compulsive buying, and (2) whether the e-customer satisfaction and customer trusteinfluenced user interface quality, information quality, perceived security, perceived privacy, and competent behavior. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed to the people of Yogyakarta purposive lyaged 15 years to 30 year sand never done an online transaction at least oncein thelast 6 months. Hypothesis testing using analytical tools. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The study states that all proposed hypothesis can be supported, so itcanbe concluded that (1) e-customer loyalty is influenced by the e- customer satisfaction, customere-trust, and compulsive buying, and (2) the e-customer satisfaction ande-customer trustis influencedbythe user interfacequality, information quality, perceived security, perceived privacy, andcompetentbehavior.
PROSES MANJEMEN, STRUKTUR FORMAL DAN PENGGUNAAN INFORMASI
Authors: Meutia Meutia
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this paper is to research whether activity of strategy development and implementation used in practice are formal structured processes, and whether financial and non-financial information are of equal importance across strategy development and implementation activities. This study uses senior accounting officers within large Banten and West Java firms (those employing more than 250 employees). The result from hypotheses testing showed that that strategy development and implementation were relatively formally structured processes in the companies investigated. Nevertheless, financial information and non-financial information are considered equally important both for the development of the strategy and implementation of strategies for the companies surveyed. Companies, it provides value and weight as important both to the financial information for strategy implementation process.