bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UTILIZING ENGINEERS WORKFORCE DIVERSITY TO ENHANCE MANUFACTURING PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Mansor Mohd Fitri , Jeevaratnam Rakesh , Abu Noor Hidayah , Mohd Kassim Mohammad Asyraf , Aris Ain Zuraini Zin
Published: February 2025

Workforce’s variety and adaptability are critical elements for the manufacturing companies to increase an ability to expand and growth. Lack of workforce diversity has detrimental effects to the employee’s performance and motivation to work better in organisation. Therefore, this study is pertinent to explore the utilization of engineers’ workforce diversity practices in manufacturing companies to enhance the productivity. Specifically, the study involves three main workforce diversity such as recruitment strategy, culture diversity, and generational diversity in order to enhance organisational productivity mainly for the manufacturing companies. The study employed quantitative method involving 200 engineers from the manufacturing company. The findings revealed that all constructs tested were correlated and significance towards manufacturing productivity. The study contributes to the body of knowledge on the workforce diversity practices in helping manufacturing companies to enhance the productivity. It also could be a foundation for future research. Practically, the study helps the manufacturing companies, engineers and managers to strengthens the human resource policies i.e. workforce diversity via developing and planning an effective program in the organisation to improve productivity. Finally, the study also addressed a study limitation, recommendations and conclusion.
Diverse hosts, diverse immune systems: evolutionary variation in bat immunology
Authors: Becker Daniel , Vicente-Santos Amanda , Reers Ashley , Ansil BR , O'Shea Mika , Cummings Caroline , Roistacher Alicia , Quintela-Tizon Rita , Pereira Manuela , Rosen Juniper , Banerjee Arinjay , Frank Hannah
Published: February 2025

The ability of multiple bat species to host zoonotic pathogens without showing disease has fostered growing interest in bat immunology, indicating ways immune systems may differ between bats and other vertebrates. However, interspecific variation in immunological diversity among bats has only begun to be recognized. The order Chiroptera accounts for over 20% of all mammal species and shows extreme diversity in a suite of correlated ecological traits, such that bats should not be expected to be immunologically homogenous. Here, we review the ecological and evolutionary diversity of chiropteran hosts and highlight case studies emphasizing the range of immune strategies thus far observed across bat species, including responses to SARS-CoV-2. Next, we synthesize and propose hypotheses to explain this immunological diversity, focused on pathogen exposure, biogeography, host energetics, and environmental stability. Lastly, we analyze immunology citations across bat species to motivate discussion of outstanding research priorities. Broad sampling is needed to remedy current biases, as only a fraction of bat species has been immunologically studied. Such work should integrate methodological advancements, in vitro and in vivo studies, and phylogenetic comparative methods to robustly test evolutionary hypotheses and understand the drivers and consequences of immunological diversity among bats.
Extra Luminal Migration of Fishbone to the Spleen: A Complication of Foreign Body Ingestion
Authors: Ameera Ali Abdulaziz Khalafallah  , Zainab Mohamed Mahdi  , Fatema Mohsen Al-Asfoor  , Zainab A. Marathi  , Ali Haider Ali  , Ruqaya Al Shamma  , Eman Saleh Al Mulla  , Sara Abdulaziz Ahmed  , Ali Ahmed Abdulaziz Omran Hasan
Published: February 2025

The ingestion of foreign bodies, either accidentally or intentionally, is a common complaint in the emergency department. Most patients may present with symptoms of upper airway obstruction if ingested into the trachea, while others may present with abdominal pain due to a gastrointestinal obstruction. Although relatively uncommon, some patients may be completely asymptomatic and complain of complications of ingestion. In rare instances, the foreign body may migrate and get encapsulated within other organs such as the spleen, lung, and liver. This case follows a 74-year-old male complaining of abdominal pain with a computed tomography (CT) finding showing encapsulated fish bone within the spleen.
“USAHA BAKSO IKAN” PADA KELOMPOK MAJELIS TAKLIM NURUL UKHUWAH DI DESA BORIKAMASE, KEC. MAROS BARU. KAB. MAROS
Authors: Nurjannah Nurjannah
Published: February 2025

Meatballs are a type of food that is loved by all people, old and young, as well as children. Fishmeatball business is an alternative food that is favored by all elements of society and has abusiness prospect that can target all people at an affordable price with materials that are easilyavailable and inexpensive, besides that the location of the business placement has a promisingeffect for business and organizational development. Generally processed meatballs from beef,while Borikamase Village, a fish producer in Maros district. The purpose of this program MTNurul Ukhuwah is equipped with skills to process fish balls and their marketing, so that in additionto serving in families with healthy meatballs with processed fish, it is also expected to increase theincome of families and organizations of majelis taklim. The approach taken begins withsocialization to build the same perception, training in making Fish Meatballs, training in startingand building a business, training in marketing techniques, it is expected that 100% of themanagement and members of MT have Fish Meat processing skills and more than half ( 50%)members formed a joint business Fish Meatballs as one type of group business to help theeconomy of members and organizations.
PRODUKSI MINUMAN KESEHATAN UNTUK MENGATASI PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI DAN DIABETES PADA MASYARAKAT DI DESA BORISALLO KECAMATAN PARANGLOE KABUPATEN GOWA
Authors: Maryam St.
Published: February 2025

Borisallo Village is one of the villages in Parangloe District, Gowa Regency, which consists of 2(two) hamlets, namely: Pakkolompo and Bontojai. The target of service in the village of Borisallois PKK and community members whose main livelihood is as housewives or working in thefields/gardens. In previous community services, counseling has been conducted on the use ofmodern medicines with the Active Learning Method (CBIA) method as well as health checks thatfocus on examining blood pressure, blood sugar, uric acid, and cholesterol. Based on previousevaluations, based on the results of community examinations, around 40% have a history of highblood pressure and around 30% have a history of diabetes mellitus. So that at this time ofcommunity service, the public will be given counseling on how to make herbal health drinks toovercome the disease. Traditional medicinal plants, found, are found in almost all corners of thevillage, including Borisallo Village. The expected target for this service is to increaseunderstanding of the use of traditional medicines and know how to produce health drinks that canprevent, reduce or treat hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The form of evaluation that we do, thatis after being given counseling and training in making herbal drinks, the community is able tomake their own and able to do self-medication using herbal medicines before using modernmedicines in the treatment of their ailments
PENYULUHAN HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN WARGA NEGARA DALAM KONSTITUSI KEPADA ORGANISASI SISWA INTRA SEKOLAH (OSIS) MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI 3 JAKARTA
Authors: Liany Lusy , Jufri Ely Alawiyah , Umardani Mohammad Kharis
Published: February 2025

Today's citizen rights are very important to be studied more deeply after the amendments to the1945 Constitution considering that our country is growing a democratic life. The regulation ofcitizens' rights is a reference for state administrators to avoid arbitrary actions in optimizing stateduties. Whereas for citizens it is a guideline in actualizing their rights with full responsibility. Withthe clarity of the substance can motivate the community to understand it more deeply andempower it as a citizen both in daily life, community, nation and state. Therefore, understandingthe rights and obligations of citizens is something that must be known to all Indonesian people,especially in this case the members of the Student Council of MAN 3 Jakarta.
PROGRAM KEMITRAAN PENGEMBANGAN JAGUNG MANIS DENGAN SISTEM TANAM LEGOWO DI KABUPATEN TAKALAR
Authors: Subaedah St. , Saida Saida
Published: February 2025

Paddingin Village, Sanrobone Subdistrict, Takalar Regency is one of the areas that is the center ofcorn development and is also one of the target areas of the Indonesian Muslim University. Duringthis time, farmers planted sweet corn with a conventional system with a spacing of 70 cm x 25 cm,so that the production obtained was not optimal. Besides that, the time of harvest is not givenmuch attention, while the quality of sweet corn (sugar content) is determined by the exact time ofharvest. This activity aims to provide knowledge and skills for the community in PaddinginVillage especially the Sweet Corn Farmer Group in sweet corn cultivation which includes sweetcorn planting techniques with the Legowo system and the determination of the right harvest time,so that the growth and production and quality of sweet corn produced can be maximized . Themethods used in the implementation of the Science and Technology Program for Communities arecounseling, training, production assistance, and demonstration plots. The results of this partnershipprogram are an increase in farmers' understanding and skills in cultivating sweet corn plants withthe Legowo 2: 1 system, and an increase in sweet corn production obtained by farmers by 35%.
ALTERNATIF PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN BIJI KARET SEBAGAI PRODUK OLAHAN EMPING, DI DESA BONTOMANGIRI,KECAMATAN BULUKUMPA, KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA
Authors: Kamase Jeni , S. St. Sukmawati
Published: February 2025

This Community Service Activity is one part of the Higher Education Tri Dharma that must be carried out by the academic community, especially for educators (lecturers). The activity carried out in this service is training on the Utilization of Rubber Seeds as Processed Chips for mothers of rubber plantation workers in Bontomangiri Village, Bulukumpa District, Bulukumba Regency with the aim of increasing their knowledge and income. This activity received support from the village head and the head of the PKK Bontomangiri village so that women are expected to be active in this activity. By participating in this activity, it is hoped that the mothers of rubber plantation workers can utilize materials that were previously waste and are easily obtained to make chips as a delicious snack. These rubber seed chips are not only for personal consumption but can also be sold to supplement the income of working mothers in rubber plantations who are members of the Bulukumba Community UKM.
Application of BigBook Media to Improve Reading Literacy of Grade II Students at SDK Gero
Authors: Mawa Hendriana Audogsia , Sayangan Yohanes Vianey , Awe Ermelinda Yosefa , Laksana Dek Ngurah Laba
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the results of media application BigBook in increasing reading literacy in class II students at SDK Gero. The type of research used is classroom action research (PTK). The design of this research uses the Kemmis Mc model. Taggart consists of 4 stages, namely planning, action, observation and reflection.  The subjects in this research were 9 grade II SDK Gero students and the research object was increasing reading literacy through the media BigBook. The data collection methods used in this research are observation, tests and documentation. In this research, a test instrument was used. The test is carried out in the form of a post-test which is carried out during learning on April 29 and 30 2024 using two cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II. The analytical method used in this research is a quantitative data analysis method. Quantitative data is used to determine the results of the posttest with the specified KKM, namely a minimum of 70, while qualitative data is used to analyze the observation sheet. The results showed a significant increase from cycle I to cycle II. In cycle I the average class score was still low with an average of 58.88 and a completion percentage of 11.11%. In the implementation of cycle II the results increased, namely a class average of 78.99 and a completion percentage of 77.77% with an increase in the average class from cycle I to cycle II of 19.67. Media Big Book It can be said to be effective in increasing students' reading literacy and deepening understanding of the content of the texts they read.
Indications and Current Surgical Techniques for Keratoplasty: A 10-year Review from 2011 through 2020 at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Thailand
Authors: Booranapong Wipawee , Junsangsri Chayanit , Chirapapaisan Chareenun , Ngowyutagon Panotsom , Kengpunpanich Sathiya
Published: February 2025

Objective: To report the indications and current trends in surgical techniques for keratoplasty over 10 years at Siriraj Hospital.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of hospitalized patients who underwent keratoplasty from 2011 to 2020. The collected data comprised demographics, indications for keratoplasty, and surgical techniques used.
Results: A total of 754 eyes were included. Active infectious keratitis was the most common indication (26.1%), followed by bullous keratopathy (20.8%) and regraft (19.2%). There was no significant change in indications for keratoplasty between the first 5-year period and the second 5-year period. Fungal keratitis remained the most common etiology for keratoplasty. Penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) was the most common procedure overall (90.7%), followed by endothelial keratoplasty (EK; 5.7%) and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK; 3.6%). However, surgical techniques used in the second 5-year period differed significantly from those in the first 5-year period (P < 0.05). The use of PKP decreased from 96.0% to 86.7%; however, EK increased from 1.5% to 8.9%, while DALK rose slightly from 2.5% to 4.4%.
Conclusion: Active infectious keratitis was the most common indication for keratoplasty, followed by bullous keratopathy and regraft. These indications may be reduced through collaborative efforts among government leaders, public health officers, and ophthalmologists. PKP remained the most common surgical technique due to the high incidence of infectious keratitis. However, the use of lamellar keratoplasty, including EK and DALK, significantly increased for other indications. Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty was performed mostly in eyes with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy.
Factors Influencing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: An Eight-Year Study in a Single Tertiary Care Unit in Thailand
Authors: Moolmai Pallapa , Rattanachamnongk Prattana , Yangthara Buranee , Wutthigate Punnanee
Published: February 2025

Objective: To assess the incidence trends of severe BPD or death, identify associated risk factors, and develop a predictive model using Jensen’s BPD grading system.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included infants with a gestational age (GA) < 32 weeks born between 2013 and 2020. Infants were classified into no BPD and BPD (all grades) or death categories. Risk factors and a predictive model for outcomes were identified using multivariable logistic regression and evaluated with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results: Among the 772 infants, 286 (37%) were classified into the BPD group. The incidence of BPD continuously increased from 16.3% in 2013 to 49.4% in 2020. Multivariate analyses revealed factors associated with severe BPD, including IUGR, the 1-minute Apgar score, surfactant administration, late-onset sepsis, hydrocortisone, PDA ligation, postnatal steroid and mechanical ventilation (MV) days. The highest adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was for MV > 42 days at 19.29 (95% CI; 7.22–51.55; p<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.898, with 80.68%sensitivity and 84.83% specificity.
Conclusion: When Jensen’s criteria were used, the incidence and risk factors for severe BPD or death in Thai neonates were similar to those reported in previous studies. The regression model exhibited good predictive value, potentially assisting clinicians in targeted interventions.
Pediatric Cancer Epidemiology for 2021–2023 Based on the Cancer Registry of Indonesia’s National Referral Hospital
Authors: Siregar Olga Rasiyanti , Lubis Bidasari , Liberty Peggy
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aimed to present epidemiological data on pediatric cancers based on the hospital-based cancer registry (HBCR) at Indonesia’s National Referral Hospital.
Material and Methods: This descriptive study analyzed data on pediatric cancers from the HBCR for 2021–2023. Demographical data, including age, gender, diagnosis, and admission year, were extracted from the HBCR data. Univariate data analysis was conducted.
Results: This study included 344 patients, consisting of 202 males and 142 females. Of those patients, 92 (26.7%) were admitted in 2021, 142 (41.3%) in 2022, and 110 (32%) in 2023. The highest cancer incidence was observed in patients aged 2–5 years (34.9%) and the lowest in those aged <2 years (11.9%). The three most common reported cancers were lymphoid leukemia (47.4%), myeloid leukemia (11.6%), and retinoblastoma (9.6%).
Conclusion: Males predominated over females due to the substantial prevalence of leukemia cases. Most pediatric cancers were observed in those aged 2–5 years. While the distributions of cancer varied by age and gender, leukemia remained the leading pediatric cancer.
Effect of the Thai Herbal Suksaiyad Formula on Platelet Aggregation in Healthy Volunteers: A Quasi-experimental, Single-dose Study
Authors: Palo Titchaphorn , Nathananwanit Nalinthika , Akarasereenont Pravit , Booranasubkajorn Suksalin
Published: February 2025

Objective: To investigate the effects of the Thai Herbal Suksaiyad formula (SSF) on platelet aggregation in healthy volunteers.
Material and Methods: In a quasi-experimental study, thirty healthy volunteers received a single dose of 2,000 mg SSF. Blood samples were taken at 0, 3, 6, and 24 hours after SSF administration for platelet aggregation analysis using aggregometry. Platelets were induced with epinephrine, adenosine diphosphate, and collagen.
Results: SSF significantly decreased platelet aggregation at 3 and 6 hours post-administration. Sub-analysis revealed no significant differences between males and females. SSF significantly decreased platelet aggregation in normal and hyperaggregation groups but had no effect on the disaggregation group. The effect of SSF was short-lived, reverting to pre-dose values after 24 hours for all agonists. Adverse events included flatulence (1 participant) and diarrhea (1 participant).
Conclusion: Caution is advised when using SSF in patients with blood disorders. Potential herb-drug interactions between SSF and drugs that impact platelet aggregation, such as aspirin, should be closely monitored. These interactions could result in fluctuations that may enhance or diminish the effectiveness of concurrent antiplatelet therapies, potentially increasing the risk of bleeding or decreasing therapeutic outcomes.
Association between Grit and Burnout among Clinical Medical Students
Authors: Thamwiriyakul Nirucha , Thamissarakul Supitcha , Wannapaschaiyong Prakasit
Published: February 2025

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between grit and burnout among clinical medical students.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between December 2023 and January 2024 at the Chonburi Medical Education Center. Data from 106 clinical medical students were gathered using the 8-item Short Grit scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and logistic regression were used to analyze the data.
Results: Among the 106 clinical medical students, 52.8% met the criteria for burnout syndrome. 44.3% had high levels of emotional exhaustion and 32.1% had high levels of depersonalization. However, most of these medical students had moderate levels of total grit, passion, and perseverance. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that total grit and perseverance scores were negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion and positively correlated with personal accomplishments. Further analysis using multivariate logistic regression revealed that burnout syndrome in clinical medical students was significantly associated with high-demand ward responsibility (AOR 3.189, p = 0.012) and low levels of total grit (AOR 7.147, p = 0.023).
Conclusion: Burnout is prevalent among clinical medical students, particularly among those with high-demand ward responsibilities and low grit levels. Higher grit, especially perseverance, is associated with reduced emotional exhaustion and greater personal accomplishments. Enhancing grit may help mitigate burnout among this population.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Pop Up Book Pelajaran Matematika di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Lutfiyyah Indah Permata Sari  , Ramanata Disurya  , Tanzimah
Published: February 2025

This research aims to produce Pop Up Book learning media for Mathematics learning that is valid, practical and effective/has potential effects. The model used in the research is the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation). The results of data analysis show that the Pop Up Book developed is in the "very valid" category based on the expert validation questionnaire sheet, namely language experts, material experts, media experts with an average validity value of 86.2%, Pop Up Book. The book developed is included in the "very practical" category based on the One to One and Small Group trial questionnaire sheets with an average practicality score of 85.7% and the Pop Up Book developed in the "Very Effective" category based on the total number of students' completeness scores with an average score effectiveness of 93.1%. Based on the results of validation, trials and student completion scores, it can be concluded that this Pop Up Book product is suitable for use as a learning medium for Mathematics learning in elementary schools.
Problematika Guru Dalam Menerapkan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Di Sekolah Dasar Swasta Jakarta
Authors: Sri Nurafifah  , Ajeng Tina Mulyana  , Saat Safaat  , Akhmad Subkhi Ramdani
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the implementation of the independent learning curriculum, the problems of teachers in implementing the independent learning curriculum and how teachers overcome the problems of implementing the independent learning curriculum at SD Tirtamarta- BPK Penabur. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The subjects of this study were the School, teachers and students of SD Tirtamarta- BPK Penabur. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis techniques used were power reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the implementation of the independent curriculum had been implemented at SD Tirtamarta- BPK Penabur with project-based learning activities, diagnostic, formative and summative assessments and subject-based learning, science, report cards, ATP and teaching modules worked on in groups. The problems experienced by teachers in implementing the independent learning curriculum in planning, implementing and assessing learning were the difficulty of analyzing CP, formulating TP and compiling ATP and teaching modules, determining learning methods and strategies and lack of time allocation for project-based learning.
Effects of Boron and Calcium on Seed Yield and Quality of Onion
Authors: Islam M K , Morshed M G , Uddin J , Nasrin S , Hasan A , Jiku M A S
Published: February 2025

A field experiment with onion var.  BARI Piaz-1 was conducted in the research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, during the winter season (October to February) to find out the response of boron and calcium on seed yield and quality of onion. The experiment was carried out with four levels of boron viz. B0 (0 ppm), B1 (500 ppm), B2 (1000ppm) and B3 (2000 ppm); and three level of calcium viz. C0 (0 ppm), C1 (2500 ppm) and C2 (5000 ppm). This experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. The results showed that the treatments significantly influenced the plant height and number of leaves at all growth stages except harvesting time. At harvest, boron and calcium significantly increased the umbel per plot, flowers per umbel, fruits per umbel, fruit set (%), yield per plant, 1000-seed weight, seed yield per ha, germination and normal seedling percentage; and reduced the abnormal seedling percentage. Combined application of boron and calcium also significantly increased the all above parameters mentioned except abnormal seedling percentage of onion. The highest result of all parameters including yield showed from B3C2 but this treatment reduced production of abnormal seedling. Besides, combined of boron and calcium treatment B3C2 gave the highest plant height, leaf number and chlorophyll content. The application of 2000 ppm of boron together with 5000 ppm of calcium (B3C2) treatment gave the best performance showing the yield and quality of onion seed.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(2): 87-100
Evaluation of Sweet Potato Varieties Based on Growth And Yield
Authors: Nasrin S , Mannan M A , Shorna S I , Islam K , Rahman M
Published: February 2025

The research was conducted at Germplasm Centre of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna during the period from November 2021 to April 2022, to evaluate the growth and yield performance of selected six sweet potato varieties. The experiment consisted of six sweet potato varieties: BARI misti alu10, BARI misti alu11, BARI misti alu12, BARI misti alu14, BARI misti alu15 and local variety (check). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The parameters measured included number of sprouts, plant height, number of branches, branch length, number of leaves, length of leaves, breadth of leaves, number of tubers, weight of tubers and yield (t ha-1). The results of the study revealed that, BARI misti alu10 showed maximum yield (54.33 t ha-1) followed by BARI misti alu14 (44.66 t ha-1). Based on the findings of the experiment, BARI misti alu10 and BARI misti alu14 was found better in respect yield and yield contributing characters. The outcome of this study could be helpful in germplasm management, hybridization programs and crop improvement program.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(2): 45-52
Genetic diversity analysis for yield and yield contributing traits in mungbean (Vigna radiate L.)
Authors: Rahman M , Hossain M S , Zeba N
Published: February 2025

An experiment was carried out at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University in Kharif-1 season with 33 genotypes of mungbean (Vigna radiate L.) to identify genetically diverse genotypes for yield contributing characters. The genotypes were evaluated for eight yield and yield contributing characters using a randomized complete block design with three replications. High heritability coupled with a high genetic gain was observed in days to 50% flowering, plant height, pod length, 100 seed weight, and seed yield per plant which indicated the effect of additive genes. Selection of these traits might cause the probability of simultaneous improvement of mungbean. The genotypes were grouped into four clusters based on the D2-value where cluster I was the largest and comprised of 13 genotypes followed by clusters III and IV with 6 genotypes in each. The highest inter-cluster distance was recorded between clusters II and IV (10.425) and the intra-cluster distance in cluster II (2.45). The lowest inter-cluster distance was found between clusters I and III (3.19). Principle component analysis revealed first four components contributed 88.77% towards genetic diversity in mungbean. Considering the magnitude of cluster means and agronomic performance the genotypes of cluster II and the genotypes of cluster IV might be suggested as parents for future hybridization programs.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(2): 136-143
Harnessing Genetic Diversity And Vigor Of Onion From Multi-generatio Study
Authors: Alam M A , Naher S , Hasan M M , Fahim A H F , Khan M A A , Rahman M T , Mozumder S N
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the genetic variation, vigor, and performance of onion generations resulting from crosses. The experiment was conducted at the Spices Research Centre, Shibganj, Bogura, during 2021-22, following diallel mating design with three parental varieties, BARI piaz1, BARI piaz4, and BARI piaz6. The research focuses on evaluating yield and yield-contributing traits, including bulb dimensions, bulbing index, and individual bulb weight. The results demonstrate significant genetic diversity among onion generations, offering opportunities for the breeders to select and develop superior lines. Hybrid vigor and heterosis, particularly evident in F1 generations, suggest that combining genetically diverse parental lines can lead to progeny with superior performance compared to their parents. However, the choice of parental lines significantly influences the stability and performance of hybrid progeny, with certain varieties demonstrating consistent performance across generations (Parent, F1, F2). Trait segregation and variability within F2 hybrid populations underscore the importance of evaluating large populations to identify individuals with desired trait combinations. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of leveraging genetic diversity and hybrid vigor in onion breeding programs to develop cultivars. By employing breeding strategies the high-performing onion varieties capable of thriving in diverse agro-climatic conditions in onion farming.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(2): 31-44
Farmers’ knowledge of using flood forecast information in fish farming: A case of rural Bangladesh
Authors: Shonia Sheheli  , Mst Sharmin Akter  , Md Anamul Haque  , Mohammad Maruf Hasan
Published: February 2025

The effects of global climate change and extreme weather events are threatening Bangladesh's fish and aquaculture productivity. Given the negative consequences of climate change, both the national and international societies concur that mitigating the effects of climatic unpredictability and change requires the development of weather and climate services. Additionally, if forecasting data is expertly adapted to fish farmers' requirements, they may be better able to handle and adjust to climatic and climatic-induced stressors. The primary goal of the study was to determine how much fish farmers knew about using flood forecast information regarding fish farming. Three villages in the Union Islampur upazila, which is part of the Jamalpur district, were the sites of the study: Kulkandi, Chinaduli, and North-Bamna. A sample of 95 randomly chosen fish farmers (about 25% of the total population) out of 380 fish farmers provided the data. Focus groups, matrix ranking, and key informant interviews were among the qualitative and quantitative techniques used in the study's research methodology. In order to collect both quantitative and qualitative data, formal and semi-structured questionnaires were created. The majority of farmers (53.90%) had a medium level of knowledge, followed by high knowledge (31.57%), and poor knowledge (14.74%) about the use of forecast information in fish farming. Therefore, through a variety of interventions, including training, group discussions, demonstrations, and the distribution of printed materials, concerned authorities like the Department of Fisheries (DOF) should provide chances to increase the knowledge of fish farmers. Regression study revealed that farmers' knowledge regarding using forecast information in fish farming is positively impacted by their level of education, annual earnings from fish farming, organizational participation, and sources of flood forecast information. Therefore, while creating programs and making decisions, legislators, development practitioners, extension specialists, and others should consider these aspects.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 14(2): 9-19, December 2024
Evaluation of the organoleptic characteristics of chocolate made with cocoa beans from three main production areas in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Kouakou Brou Julien  , Kobenan Koffi Christophe  , Ouattara Tièba Victor  , N’goran Kouadio Emmanuel
Published: February 2025

To evaluate the quality of chocolate produced with Ivorian cocoa beans, the study was carried out in the country's three main production areas (East, Centre-West, and South-West). The project involved collecting data on fermentation times and sourcing samples of cocoa beans from which chocolate had been produced and tasted. The findings of this study indicate that the average fermentation time for cocoa beans is identical across all regions. The observed values (5.30 days in the East, 5.0 days in the Center-West, and 5.04 days in the South-West) are below the recommended 6-day threshold for optimal fermentation. The chocolate produced from the collected beans has been found to have favourable organoleptic characteristics, as evidenced by the low bitterness ratings revealed in the tasting tests. Acidity and astringency are very low and aroma is average. The correlation study between fermentation time and organoleptic characteristics demonstrated that only bitterness (y = -0.2926x + 4.0115; r = 0.62; p < 0.01) and aroma (y = 0.1619x + 2.1324; r = 0.5139; p < 0.01) of chocolate were significantly influenced by fermentation time. Therefore, cocoa from Côte d'Ivoire is suitable for use in the production of high-quality chocolate. However, fermenting the beans for 6 days would be beneficial to achieve a superior quality chocolate product.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 14(2): 53-61, December 2024
In-vitro effectiveness of aqueous extract of organic compost against Helminthosporium turcicum (cryptogamic disease pathogen of maize)
Authors: Daouda Kutnjem  , Anne Ayo  , Ecclèsiaste Marien Ambombo Onguene  , Carole Christèle Egono Ndemé  , Ndongo Bekolo  , Tofel Haman Katamssadan  , Asseng Charles Carnot
Published: February 2025

Sustainable agriculture requires the application of biofertilizers and biopesticides in farming systems. The aim of the study was to analyze in-vitro the effect of aqueous extracts from organic compost on the development of cryptogamic disease in maize plants for yield improvement. The study was carried out in the laboratory using a pure strain of Helminthosporium turcicum previously isolated from infected maize leaves showing symptoms of the disease. Aqueous substrates of unsterilized and sterilized composts, with the concentrations 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mL were respectively mixed with liquid PDA at 19.5; 19 and 18 mL for a final volume of 20 ml, then aseptically poured into 90 mm diameter Petri dishes under the laminar flow hood. After solidification, 7 mm-diameter mycelial discs from young H. turcicum cultures were deposited on the agar pellets. 48 hours after incubation, mycelial growth was measured 4 times until the positive control Petri dish was invaded by mycelial filaments. The results showed that the mycelial growth of the H. turcicum strain in the presence of the sterilized aqueous compost extract was significantly reduced. Increasing the concentration significantly inhibited strain growth to the order of 95.89% at a concentration of 2 mL sterilized aqueous compost extract. Similarly, in the presence of the unsterilized aqueous compost extract, the mycelial growth of H. turcicum was also reduced. The Increasing concentration inhibited the pathogen growth by up to 76.92%, at the concentration of 2 mL. These results showed that the aqueous extract of organic compost contains compounds that could be responsible for producing suppressive substances accountable for the mechanisms inhibiting the mycelial growth of H. turcicum.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 14(2): 62-73, December 2024
Graft success and seedling growth responses of cashew (Anacardium occidentalis) to three concentrations of Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) and scion types
Authors: Bright Osei Poku  , Ben Kwaku Branoh Banful  , Irene Akua Idun  , Paul Kweku Tandoh  , Michael Osei
Published: February 2025

Cashew is an important tree crop with huge export potential and economic benefits. Seed propagation is a major problem because it takes the crop a much longer time to reach edible maturity compared to vegetative propagation. In addition, true-to-type plants cannot be assured through seed propagation. This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different concentrations of IBA and three scion types on the graft success of cashews. The experimental design for the study was 4 x 3 factorial arrangements in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was IBA at four different concentrations (0 ml, 750 ml, 1000 ml, and 1250 ml). The second factor was scion types at three levels (soft, semi-hard, and hardwood, respectively). Semi-hardwood cuttings treated with 1250 ml concentration of IBA took shorter days (13 days) to achieve graft success and had the highest percentage graft-take. For all the vegetative parameters studied (plant height, stem girth, number of leaves, root biomass and root length), semi-hardwood cuttings which were treated with 1250 ml concentration of IBA gave the best recordings and also had the highest percentage of survived seedlings after transplanting. In conclusion, for a successful graft success coupled with the corresponding growth of the seedlings, it is best to use 1250 ml of IBA concentration with semi-hardwood scion.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 14(2): 132-145, December 2024
Anthropometric Study of Orbitonasal Proportion and Their Comparisons in Bangladeshi Buddhist Rakhain Ethnic Males and Females
Authors: Iqbal Mohammed , Nahar Nazmun , Rahman Kazi Md. Shahidur , Sultana Nishat , Hossain Shahana , Yeasmin Farida , Uddin SK. Amin Mohi
Published: February 2025

Background: Anthropometric pattern of the orbitonasal proportion varies with no universal normative values.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the anthropometric study of orbitonasal proportion and their comparisons in Bangladeshi Buddhist Rakhain Ethnic males and females.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2011 to December 2011 for a period of one (01) year. Adult healthy Bangladeshi Buddhist Rakhain males with the age group of 18 to 30 years were included as study population. Standard of normative facial anthropometric values related to intercanthal distance and nose width.
Results: This study shows the inner intercanthal distance (IICD) mean value of males and females as 33.19±2.88 mm and 31.28±2.78 mm, respectively with a statistically significant relationship (P<0.05). The nose width was 41.16 (±3.03) in male and 36.11 (±2.20) in female which was statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: This study shows that intercanthal distance and nose width differs across the adult healthy Bangladeshi Buddhist Rakhain males and females. Gender and ethnicity are two of the main parameters that affect the variation. These findings would be applicable in clinical setup as reference values during surgical planning.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2024;10(1):21-25
Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Upper Aerodigestive Tract: Comparative Study In between Smoking Tobacco and Smokeless Tobacco Products
Authors: Roshid SM Basitur , Hasan SKM Nazmul , Jannat Shakila , Syeed Sifat , Raza AKM Maruf , Arefin Muhammad Shamsul
Published: February 2025

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma in upper aerodigestive tract is most often caused by smoking. Smokers get laryngeal cancer, while chewers get mouth cancer. With the surge in smokeless tobacco use, it's important to determine if this differentiation influences clinical and pathological characteristics beyond site distribution.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess any relation between tobacco smoking, oral intake of tobacco with betel leaf or tobacco powder and squamous cell carcinoma in upper aero digestive tract.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a single Diagnostic center at Dhaka, Bangladesh for a period of one year from July 2022 to June 2023 on patients presented with histopathologically established upper aerodigestive tract malignancies. Patients age, gender and involved site was taken from the patients report.
Results: Male were predominant than female. Male to female ratio was 3.3:1. Mean age of the patients was 59.26 ± 12.55 years of the male and 56.11 ± 13.13 years of the female. Cancer was more in female at 5th and 6th decade whereas cancer was found more in male at 6th and 7th decade. Most common location of the lesions was sub-glottis (27.6%) and tongue (20.0%). The most common causes of Upper Aerodigestive Tract cancer were smoking (76.2%) and smokeless tobacco using (54.1%). There was no association between smoke and smokeless tobacco with severity of carcinoma. Maximum cases of carcinoma were grade II but there was no significant difference in grade of carcinoma between tobacco smoker and tobacco non-smoker. There was no significant difference in grade of malignancy between tobacco user and non-user.
Conclusion: Smoke and/or smokeless tobacco user have increased risk of development   squamous cell carcinoma in upper aerodigestive tract. However, there is no significant difference between incidence and grade of tumor among only smoker, smokeless tobacco user or both.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2024;10(1):52-56
Complications of Menstrual Regulation in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka city of Bangladesh: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Afreen Sadia , Begum Asma , Sharmin Nazrana , Rahman Syeda Huma , Tuhin Tahmina Begum , Ara Ismat
Published: February 2025

Background: Menstrual regulation is an alternate important way of reproductive life of females.
Objective: The purpose of this present study was to find out the outcomes of complications of menstrual regulation.
Methodology: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 384 unsafe MR cases were included in this study in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, over the period of 12 (twelve) months, dated from January 2011 to December 2011.A data collection sheet was formed which included all the parameters and variables of interests. After selection, eligible women were informed about the study and a written consent was taken. In this observational study all women were to be interviewed, their detail history, findings of physical examination and investigation reports were checked and the information’s were recorded in the data collection form.
Results: The age of the patients ranged from 16 to 40 years and most of the patients belonged to ’26 to 30 years’ age group is 31.8%. The mean duration of stay was 7.32 days and the total duration ranged from 1 to 28 days. In spite of the large range of stay, more than half 53.3% of the respondents were released from the hospital within 3 days. In this study shows that the respondents were having various difficulties following abortion induction; most of them were suffering from abdominal pain was the most prevailing condition [358 (93.2%)] followed by per vaginal bleeding 90.1%. The complications of the patients developed following unsafe abortion. The most complications found Four-fifth of the cases 80.2% were found with retained product of conception. More than one-fifth were in shock 21.6%and another one-fifth were suffering from per vaginal bleeding 20.0%.
Conclusion: Menstrual Regulation happens mostly in unsafe abortion leading to comorbidity of life even death.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2024;10(1):64-69
Role of Low Dose Aspirin with Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) in the Management of Recurrent Missed Abortion: A Non-Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sultana Nargis , Tariquzzaman Md. , Kutubi Shahanaj , Tariq Nahin Sanjid bin
Published: February 2025

Background: Management of recurrent missed abortion is very crucial.
Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the outcome of combined treatment of low dose aspirin with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in recurrent missed abortion cases.
Methodology: This non-randomized clinical trial was performed in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology at Mugda Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh between January 2018 and December 2019. The samples were collected from Central Police Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh and in a private hospital in Dhaka city. The patients who were able to give clear history of missed abortion, who had no endocrine and hypertensive disorders and who conceived spontaneously or after fertility treatment were selected as study population. After positive pregnancy test all patients started taking oral progesterone (Allylstrenol 5 mg TDS), folic acid and aspirin 75 mg daily. Patients were advised to come for ultrasonography at 6 weeks of pregnancy. After confirming intrauterine viable pregnancy by ultrasonography we started injection enoxaparin (LMWH) 40 mg subcutaneous daily to all patients and continued till 34 completed weeks. The primary end point was the live birth rate and secondary end points were the side effects, late pregnancy complications and neonatal outcome in the study population.
Results: Fifteen (50.4%) patients had antiphospholipid syndrome. Among them antiphospholipid subgroup antibody found in 40.4% cases, ACLA found in 27.5% cases, LA found in 18.3% cases and both ACLA and LA found in 13.8% cases. Antinuclear antibody was positive in 10% cases. No abnormality was identified in 40.1% cases. Pregnancy continued successfully in 97.0% cases. There were no maternal and foetal complications. Except failed cases there was no need to discontinue the treatment.
Conclusion: In conclusion it has found a satisfactory outcome with low dose heparin therapy. Large, well-designed randomized trials are needed to establish the heparin therapy in recurrent missed abortion.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2024;10(1):57-63
ATP1A3 Gene Mutation Causing Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Happy Romana Akter , Debnath Bithi , Saha Narayan Chandra
Published: February 2025

Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of hemiplegia affecting either side of the body, oculomotor and autonomic disturbances, movement disorders, and progressive cognitive impairment. Herein we reported a case who presented with developmental delay, abnormal eye movement, dystonic attack, episodes of alternating hemiplegia, and multifocal seizures. Investigations performed including, MRA of the brain, EEG as well as metabolic evaluation, were normal. A genetic study revealed a mutation in the ATP1A3 gene (c.2878G>A) associated with AHC-2. Based on history, examination, and genetic study, a diagnosis of Alternating hemiplegia of childhood was ascertained.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2024;10(1):70-74