bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The art space in Eugene Vodolazkin’s novel Brisbane: The imagological aspect
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kryukova Olga S.
Published: February 2023

The article considers the spatial opposition in the novel Brisbane by Eugene Vodolazkin. The spatial opposition “Russia - other countries” for the character first appears in Leningrad, when he studies at university. This opposition is at first somewhat illusory in its nature. The “Russia - Germany” opposition is an invariant of the “Russia - other countries” spatial opposition and also appears in the story during Gleb’s studies at university. The so-called “German” for Gleb is primarily associated with Katarina, later Katya - the name she took out of respect for the Russian roots of Gleb, as well as with the echoes of World War II, which sound muted, sometimes conciliatory. The “German” in the novel is also embodied in cultural onomasticon. The spatial opposition “Russia - Italy” occupies a somewhat more modest place than the opposition “Russia - Germany” in the plot, but it is significant for the national and civil self-determination of the character. Contemporary Italy appears in the novel closer to its end and is associated with the second storyline - the plane of the present. The comparison of Russia and Italy takes place symbolically, on the border of eternity, in timeless space. The “Italian” in the novel is also associated with the world of music. Finally, another spatial opposition, “Russia - Ukraine,” plays an important role in both the plot and the description of the main character of the novel, and organically combines the two national identities, without separating them, as well as the cultural and historical space of Russia and Ukraine. The article also analyzes the oppositions “Kyiv -Petersburg” and “Kyiv - Moscow.” A detailed topography in the novel appears when describing a non-alien space. The motifs of topophobia and to-pophilia when mastering someone else’s space are distinguished. The art world of the novel also includes images of a liminal space. These are train stations and airports, a kind of a gate of the city (or country), the state border, the Berlin Wall. In Slavic mythology, there is another, invisible ontological boundary - between this-being and that-being, the visible symbols of which are the church and the cemetery, separating the world of the living from the kingdom of the dead. These loci are also presented in the novel. In a sense, Brisbane is also a liminal space, since Australia in ordinary consciousness is often perceived as the edge of the world. Brisbane is a metaphor for a little paradise, heaven on Earth, an unattainable dream desired by Arcadia. Brisbane is a metaspace characteristic of neomodernism, which connects all the plot nodes of the novel. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
Moscow by Andrei Bely in the dialogue with Austrian literature of the 20th century (a case study of Gustav Meyrink’s The Golem)
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Sharapenkova Natalia G.
Published: February 2023

The article identifies typological parallels between Andrei Bely and G. Meyrink based on their similar worldviews: Bely, the ideologist of Russian Symbolism, was an adept of Rudolph Steiner’s anthroposophy; Gustav Meyrink, an outstanding representative of the Prague School, had an intense interest in occultism and mysticism. Both factors - the aesthetic representation of unconsciousness in fiction and the appellation to mystic and occult experience - bring together Bely’s novel Moscow (1926-1932) and Meyrink’s The Golem (1915). The interest to the oeuvre of both writers emerges in the period of breaking the old paradigm, the epoch of methodological impasse, and the search for new heuristic opportunities of text interpretation. The article reveals the common features of oneyropoetics in both novels and the typological proximity of the “characters of the way” (Ivan Korobkin and Athanasius Pernat) in the aspect of life creation (Bely) and in overcoming the “golemic” aspect and creating “Higher Self’ (Meyrink), raising the problem of the ambivalent finals. Architectonically, both novels are a two-layer text for a “mass” reader on the one hand and a special “initiated” reader on the other. The demonic urban spaces of Moscow and Prague take on the shape of a utopian city, undergoing transformed through the character’s mysterial suffering and becoming the final of their way (initiation) to “Higher Self.” The ideological centre of the novels is the concept of personality; namely, awareness and overcoming the “rapture” (“golemic nature”) by the character in Austrian (Prague) novel and responsibility for a scientific discovery and desire to “warm the Universe” by the character of the Russian novel, which results in his search for a spiritual integrity. Dreams as a bright epitomy of linguistic experiment serve for the plot formation in Moscow and accompany the character, the scientist, throughout his entire spiritual way. The Golem has a frame composition where dreaming and identification of the narrator with Pernat, who passed a mysterial way, become his spiritual experience and initiation. The present study is intended to show the opportunities of “comparative poetics”, which allows to correlate the oeuvre of both writers who fit stadially in the Expressionist Aesthetic and in more epochal sense - in the poetics of art modality (Samson Broytman). The author declares no conflicts of interests.
THE QUEEN OF SPADES BY PUSHKIN IN OPERA, OPERETTA AND ANIMATION
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Miroshnikov Nikita , Yan Yu ,   Russian State Pedagogical University. A.I. Herze
Published: February 2023

The article tells about three works based on the "Queen of Spades" by A. Pushkin – opera by F. Galevi, operetta by F. Zuppe and an animated film by D. Naumov and M. Lisovoy, which are viewed on the background of the opera by P. Tchaikovsky. The analysis of plot and musical scores were made. The article does not contain a comparison of these three texts, but each of them is studied in sufficient detail. In general, the following article is not yet a comparison of texts that are directly related to the work of A. Pushkin. The research may be of interesting to musicologists, literary critics and cultural scientists.
AIR FLOW DYNAMICS AS A PROCESS OF MUSICAL SOUND PRODUCTION
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Burtseva Anna , Klimenko Vyacheslav ,   Tomsk State Philharmonic Society; Tomsk Polytechnic University; Tomsk State University
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the functioning of musical sound as a complex of air waves. The definition of musical sound is formulated, it is emphasized that musical sound, unlike many sounds existing in nature, belongs to human consciousness and is an aesthetic fact. The concept of sound paint is introduced, which appears to be one of the most important qualities of musical sound. The illustrations given are drawn from the spheres of vocal, symphonic and piano music.
Ultrasound 96 Probe Device Protocol for cancer cell treatment v1
Authors: Field Aisling
Published: February 2023

Ultrasound is a sound wave with frequencies ranging between 20 kHz and 20 MHz. Ultrasound is able to temporarily and repeatedly open the BBB safely and enhance chemotherapeutic delivery without adverse effects.(Deprez et al., 2021). This novel technique in drug delivery benefits from the powerful ability of ultrasound to produce cavitation activity. Cavitation is the generation and activity of gas-filled bubbles in a medium exposed to ultrasound. As the pressure wave passes through the media, gas bubbles expand at low pressure and contract at high pressure. This leads to oscillation which produces a circulating fluid flow known as microstreaming around the bubble with velocities and shear rates proportional to the amplitude of the oscillation. At high amplitudes the associated shear forces can cut open liposomes (Wanigasekara et al., 2021; Deprez et al., 2021). Vesicles denser than the surrounding liquid are drawn into the shear field surrounding an oscillating bubble. If the shear stress is greater than the strength of the vesicle, it will burst and spill its contents. In a liposome, the vesicle will reform, often at a smaller size than before meeting the shear field. Hence, some interior liquid must be released during the break down. (Pitt et al., 2004) This protocol describes the use of an ultrasound probe to trigger the release of liposomes in glioblastoma cells. This method uses an ultrasound device which is set to the following parameters: Time = 3 min, Pulse = 59 /01, Amplitude = 20%. The ultrasound technique is an easy and reliable technique making it useful in the study of a variety of areas such as oncology. When applied to an ultrasonic transducer, the Pulser part of the instrument generates short, large amplitude electric pulses of controlled energy, which are transformed into short ultrasonic pulses. The VCX 750 is the ultrasonic liquid processor used for this experiment. It is powerful and versatile and can process a wide range of sample types and volumes for many different applications.
Phylogenesis of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses: a systematic review protocol v1
Authors: Pavone Silvia
Published: February 2023

Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) include the closely related Visna-Maedi virus (VMV) and caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV), which infect sheep and goats. These viruses cause huge economic losses in the small ruminants industry, affecting production and animal welfare. To date, there are five recognized SRLV genotypes (A, B, C, D, and E), based on nucleotide sequences derived from gag, pol, env, and LTRs regions and several subgenotypes. Thanks to the improvement of molecular studies, the knowledge on genetic characterization and phylogenesis of SRLVs has increased since the 1990s. However, using different protocols among the various studies produced problems concerning the exact placement of subgenotypes in the phylogenetic tree. This systematic review protocol aims to define strict selection criteria and critical appraisal of published studies to perform a critical synthesis of all knowledge on the phylogenesis of SRLVs following the PRISMA-P guidelines. Eligibility criteria, information sources, search strategy, data management, selection process, data collection process, data extraction, outcomes and prioritization, studies quality assessment, and data synthesis will be performed. Thank the systematic review, an updated overview of the phylogenesis of SRLVs will be performed, and the best reliable molecular approach in diagnosis and research may be highlighted.
BİR SELÇUKLU HÂTUNUNUN BİYOGRAFİSİ: SELÇUK HÂTUN
Authors: BUDAK Yusuf
Published: February 2023

Abbâs ve Selçuklular arasında siyasi saikler ile pek çok evliliğin gerçekleştirildiğini görüyoruz. Esasen bu evliliklerin özellikle Büyük Selçuklu Devleti zamanında bu minval üzere olduğu görülmektedir. Gerek Selçuklu sultanlarının Abbâsî hâlifelerinin dini nüfuzlarından istifade etmek maksadıyla gerçekleştirilmiş evlilikler olsun gerekse Abbâsî hâlifelerinin rızaları doğrultusunda Selçuklu hanedanı ile gerçekleştirilmiş pek çok evlilikten bahsedilebilir. Büyük Selçuklu-Abbâsî evliliklerine nispeten istisnai bir durum olarak buna benzer bir evliliğin Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti’nde de olduğu görülmektedir. Nitekim Türkiye Selçuklu Sultanı II. Kılıç Arslan’ın kızı Selçuk Hâtun’un Artuklu emîri Nûreddîn Muhammed ile gerçekleştirmiş olduğu evliliğin siyasi bir krize sebebiyet verdiğini görmekteyiz. Bu duruma çok üzülen Selçuk Hâtun Hac vazifesini yapmak için kutsal topraklara yolculuk yapar yolu Bağdad’da Abbâsî hâlifesi ile kesişir. Kocası Nûreddîn Muhammed’in vefat haberi duyulunca Abbâsî Halifesi en-Nâsir li-Dinillâh ile bir evlilik gerçekleştirilir. Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti Sultanı II. Kılıç Arslan’ın kızı Selçuk Hâtun’un hayatının biyografik bir çalışmasını bu minval üzere ele aldık.
KARŞILAŞTIRMALI HUKUK AÇISINDAN ALMANYA VE TÜRKİYE'DE VERGİ KAÇAKÇILIĞI UYGULAMALARI
Authors: YENİAY Ali
Published: February 2023

Toplumların refah düzeyinin yükseltilmesinde önemli bir role sahip olan devletler, görevlerini yerine getirebilmek için gelirlere ihtiyaç duyarlar. Vergiler, devlet için gelir kaynakları oluşturmada önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu nedenle vergi konusu tarih boyunca en önemli tartışma konularından biri olmuş ve günümüzde de önemini sürdürmeye devam etmektedir. Vergiler, ana gelir kaynağı olarak kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Vergi Kaçakçılığı ise toplumların refahını olumsuz yönde etkileyen en önemli sorunlardan biridir. Ayrıca bir maliye politikası aracı olarak, kişisel harcanabilir gelir ve nispi fiyatlar üzerindeki etkileri nedeniyle diğer ekonomik birimler için önemli arz etmektedir. Bu anlamda, toplumsal refahın maksimize edilmesi için etkin ve adil bir vergi sisteminin oluşturulması bir zorunluluktur. Türkiye özellikle 1949'daki uyumdan bu yana Alman Genel Vergi Kanunu'na dayalı vergi prosedürünü uygulamaktadır. Hem Alman hem de Türk vergi usul sistemi, hukuk devleti, eşitlik ve yasal güvenlik ilkeleri üzerine kurulmuştur. Alman Vergi Usul Kanunu’nda “Vergi Kaçakçılığı” suçu yanlış beyan yada gizleme, vergi açıklama görevlerinin ihmali ve vergiden kaçınılması olarak tanımlanmakta ve 5 yıl ve para cezası gibi müeyyideler uygulanmaktadır.  Benzer şekilde Vergi Kaçakçılığı 2008 tarihinden sonra Türk Vergi Usul Kanunu açısından basit bir kabahat olmaktan çıkmış ve Türk Ceza Kanunu kapsamında bir suç olarak belirlenmiştir.  Bu çalışmada Almanya ve Türkiye'de Vergi Kaçakçılığı Uygulamaları ele alınmış ve Karşılaştırmalı Hukuk açısından incelenmiştir.
Ukraynalılar ve Kırım Türkleri: Kırım Türkleri’nin bakış açısından tarihte ve günümüzde ilişkiler ve etkileşim
Authors: HALİL Emine
Published: February 2023

SSCB tarafından 1944 yılında Kırım Türkleri’nin Kırım’dan sürgünü sonrası, temel halk olan Kırım Türklerinin tüm mal varlıkları önce SSCB, sonra ise Ukrayna devleti tarafından Rusya’nın ve Ukrayna’nın farklı köylerinden Kırım’a getirip yerleştirilen insanlara dağıtılmıştır. Böylece 1990’lardan sonra anavatanı Kırım’a dönebilen temel halk yaşamlarını yeniden kurmak zorunda kalmıştır. Çünkü ecdatlarının evleri ve arsaları, kültürel yadigarları sonradan getirilen insanlar tarafından kullanılıyordu. 1944 senesi Kırım Türklerine yapılan adaletsizlik bugüne kadar düzeltilmemiştir. Kırım Türklerine ait hiç bir şey geri iade edilmemiştir.
Improving Early Childhood Education Experiences for Military Families
Authors:   , Chamberlain Taylor , Tecce DeCarlo Mary Jean
Published: February 2023

This qualitative planning study investigated the hiring process, with emphasis on critical knowledge, skills, and competencies, of educators in military early childhood education (ECE) programs through the lens of parents, educators, and administrators. Military families face unique challenges due to a transient lifestyle with frequent relocations, deployments, geographical separation from natural supports, and additional stressors. This study sought to understand the important educator competencies as assessed by parents with young children in United States Air Force (USAF) child development programs, educators working within these programs, and administrators providing oversight to these programs. The problem in this study addressed a lack of a standard hiring tool to assess for critical competencies deemed essential for early childhood educators in the military community. Military children attending military ECE programs spend most their day in the care of educators while their parents defend and serve our nation. Twelve participants across the three groups were identified and selected using convenience sampling and snowball sampling. Participants then completed individual interviews to obtain their opinions and experiences with USAF child development programs. Interview data were coded, first through a priori coding using the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) professional standards and then through emergent (emotional) coding, to identify the areas most important to parents, administrators, and teachers with respect to knowledge, skills, and competencies of ECE teachers. The researcher carefully designed research questions for each of the three participant groups to learn about their experiences and gain their opinions about military ECE teacher competencies. After data collection and analysis, the researcher concluded (a) emotional awareness is an essential knowledge base or skill set critical in military ECE classrooms; (b) teachers with knowledge of or personal experience with military culture, terminology, life events, and the impact of change and unknown can help support the needs of children and families; and (c) parents and administrators value a knowledge base in child development and learning in context above all other practice-based professional preparation standards. By understanding important knowledge, skills, and competencies of military ECE teachers as informed by program administrators, parents, and teachers, ECE programs can more effectively hire and train staff to meet the needs of families and improve the ECE experience for children.
Investigating Clinical Practices of Medical Art Therapists Working With Children and Adolescents Diagnosed With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors:   , Cottone Carrie A. , Bradt Joke
Published: February 2023

Art therapists work with children and adolescents with SCD in medical settings throughout the United States (U.S.). However, there is minimal research available that focuses on art therapy and youth with SCD. Therefore, this qualitative research study aimed to explore the clinical practices of art therapists working with youth with sickle cell disease (SCD) in a medical setting. Art therapists who had experience working with youth with SCD (n = 21) were recruited from across the U.S. Participants took part in one individual semi-structured interview via Zoom. Findings suggest that when art therapists work with youth with SCD, they utilize a person-centered therapeutic approach. Several factors (e.g., patient-specific, potential psychosocial stressors, biomedical complications) are considered before and during the intervention. The art therapist remains flexible and adjusts the intervention to meet the in-the-moment needs of the patients. Furthermore, data analysis revealed that art therapists experience various challenges and barriers when working with youth with SCD and in medical settings. Race may impact further challenges and barriers. In addition, this research study sheds light on the adverse experiences of youth with SCD, as reported by art therapists. Participants reported that young individuals with SCD experience medical stigmatization and perceived racial bias. It provides supporting excerpts and examples of interventions utilized by art therapists when working with youth with SCD. These interventions appeared to help validate the patients' experiences and enhance communication, leading to a better understanding of the patient.
Promoting Meaningful Participation in Two-Wheel Bike Riding for Children with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities
Authors:   , Cyr Elizabeth , Cyr Elizabeth , Palisano Robert J.
Published: February 2023

The aims of this study were to evaluate: 1) changes in two-wheel cycling skills and individualized bike riding participation goals for children with neurodevelopmental disorders (ND) who received a home visit and email check-in following the iCan Bike camp and 2) associations between two-wheel biking practice frequency, cycling skills, and participation goal attainment. Methods: A one group repeated measures design was used. Participants were 11 children with ND, ages 9 to 16 years old, and one of their parents. Measures completed prior to camp (T₁), during a home support visit after camp (T₂), and three months following camp (T₃) included a cycling skills checklist, two-wheel riding Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS), and an individualized bike riding participation GAS. Parents completed weekly logs of how many days per week children practiced biking for 12 consecutive weeks following camp. Each child and parent received a one hour in person home or community visit to provide education and coaching to address bike riding participation. Parents received an email six weeks after camp to check-in on their child's progress. After three months, parents and children completed a biking participation questionnaire and parents completed a program feedback questionnaire. Results: There was a significant change in two-wheel riding GAS T₁ to T₂ (z = -2.8, p = 0.01), bike riding participation GAS T₂ to T₃ (z = -2.7, p = 0.02), and cycling skills T₁ to T₂ (z = -2.9, p = 0.01) and T₂ to T₃ (z = -2.7, p = 0.02). At T₃ there was a positive correlation between practice frequency and cycling skills ([rho]₍₁₁₎ = 0.72, p=0.01), practice frequency and bike riding participation ([rho]₍₁₁₎ = 0.86, p<0.001), and cycling skills and bike riding participation ([rho]₍₁₁₎ = 0.81, p=0.003). Conclusion: Children made improvements in cycling skills and bike riding participation following a five day bike camp, support visit, and email check-in. Children who practiced biking more frequently were more likely to have greater cycling skills and bike riding participation at T₃. Encouraging weekly bicycling and providing hands-on support after camp may be helpful strategies to promote cycling skills and bike riding participation following the iCan Bike camp.
The role of mast cells and their proteases in lung damage associated with COVID-19
Authors: Budnevsky A. V. , Avdeev S. N. , Ovsyannikov E. S. , Shishkina V. V. , Esaulenko D. I. , Filin A. A. , Savushkina I. A. , Perveeva Inna M. , Alekseeva N. G.
Published: February 2023

The new coronavirus infection COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) caused by SARS-CoV-2, has posed scientific and public health challenges. The problem of treating COVID-19 still remains, and the pathogenesis of COVID-19 needs to be studied in detail, including the involvement of mast cells (MCs) and their specific proteases.

The aim of this study was to characterize the role of mast cell proteases chymase, tryptase, and carboxypeptidase A3 (CPA3) in the lung damage associated with COVID-19.

Methods. The study included postmortem lung biopsies from 30 patients who died of severe COVID-19, and biopsies from 9 control group patients. Histological preparations were made and protease profile and degranulation activity of MCs were analyzed. In addition, some demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters were analyzed.

Results. The average number of tryptase-positive MCs without evidence of degranulation and the total number of CPA3-positive MCs were statistically significantly higher in patients with COVID-19, and the number of tryptase-positive and CPA3-positive MCs fragments was lower compared with controls. Negative correlations were established between the numbers of tryptase-positive MCs and red blood cell count. Negative correlations were found between non-granulating tryptase-positive MCs and hemoglobin levels. Positive correlations were noted between tryptase-positive MCs and the leukocytes and eosinophils counts, and negative correlations were noted between the number of CPA3-positive cells and the platelet count. A positive correlation was found between the number of adjoining MCs, as well as fragments of tryptase-positive MCs, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). A negative correlation was also observed between the number of non-degranulated CPA3-positive MCs and the blood level of C-reactive protein. In patients with COVID-19, reduced degranulation activity of tryptase-positive MCs was found along with increased representation of CPA3positive MCs. Several trends and associations with laboratory test results were noted. The potential involvement of MCs in the development of anemia and thrombocytopenia is considered. Associations were established between tryptase-positive MCs and the peripheral blood counts of leukocytes and eosinophils, as well as ESR.

Conclusion. The results obtained are highly contradictory. Since many aspects of the involvement of MCs and their proteases in COVID-19 pathogenesis are still unknown, studies with larger cohorts of patients are needed.
EDITORIAL - REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GESTÃO E INOVAÇÃO (RBGI) V. 9, n. 3, Maio/Agosto, 2022
Authors: Panizzon Mateus
Published: February 2023

This document introduces the articles published at the issue.
Building Scenarios for the Future of Digital Identification Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Gallardo Montoya María Lourdes , Muente Arturo , Valdez Eugenia
Published: February 2023

Digital identification systems unlock tremendous benefits from digital government initiatives. However, governments across the globe, including in Latin America and the Caribbean, have been slow to implement them in the face of constantly changing technologies. This report describes the results of a novel process--the building of future scenarios--aimed at helping governments advance reform in the face of technological and other uncertainties. The Innovation in Citizen Services Division and Knowledge Innovation and Communication Sector of the Inter-American Development Bank proposed these future scenarios to improve strategic decision making and encourage an open discussion on the future of digital identification systems from a non-traditional point of view. The results of this and future scenario-building exercises should spark innovative ideas that allow governments, public and private sector organizations, civil society, and citizens at large to re-think their role in the digital identification ecosystem in the next 10 years.
Spillover Effects of Financial Education: The Impact of School-Based Programs on Parents
Authors: Frisancho Verónica
Published: February 2023

This paper studies whether school-based financial education has spillover effects from children to parents. Leveraging data from a large-scale experiment with public high schools in Peru and credit bureau records on the parents of the youth targeted, this study measures the impact of providing personal finance lessons during secondary school on parental financial behavior. Financial education lessons in the school yield limited average spillover effects, but lead to sizable effects on parental financial behavior within disadvantaged households. Among parents from poorer households, the treatment reduces default probability by 26%, increases credit scores by 5%, and increases current debt levels by 40%. The treatment has stronger effects among the parents of daughters, who experience a significant 6.7% increase in their credit score and a 28% reduction in their loan portfolio in arrears. Among the parents of boys, most of the spillover effects are muted.
Synthesis of the rotational blur kernel in a digital image using measurements of a triaxial gyroscope
Authors:   Electrooptika, LLC, Vasilyuk N.N.
Published: February 2023

A method for calculating of a blur kernel arising from the rotation of a digital camera is proposed. The rotation is measured with a three-axis gyroscope attached to the camera. Differential equations of a continuous trajectory of the rotational blur starting from a selected pixel are obtained. These equations are presented both in the form of an explicit system of differential equations for the blur curve in the focal plane and in the form of a matrix equation for the increment of the camera attitude. An expression is given for the integral of the energy illumination from a point light source along the continuous blur trajectory. The integral takes into account the point spread function and the aperture functions of individual photosensitive cells of the photodetector array. The calculation of the integral values for all photosensitive cells illuminated with the point source gives a discrete kernel of rotational blur starting at the selected pixel. Algorithms for the numerical integration of the blur equations are described. The analysis of the blur equations are carried out, characteristic features of the kernels are highlighted and their non-homogeneity is shown, with the kernels of rotational blur revealed not to coincide with each other for different pixels. An example of the synthesis of the blur kernels for given rotation parameters of the digital camera is given.
Size effect of gold nanoparticles on optical and electrical properties of plasmonic silicon solar cell
Authors:   Andijan State University, Gulomov J. , Aliev R. ,   Andijan State University, Gulomova I. ,   Andijan State University
Published: February 2023

One of important tasks of the day is increasing the efficiency and decreasing the cost of the silicon solar cells. There is method of introducing of metal nanoparticles into solar cells to improve its absorption and reduce transmission as well as reflection coefficients. When metal nanoparticles are introduced into silicon solar cell, nanoplasmonic effect will occur. Nanoplasmonic effect lead to modification of light spectrum and generation of extra hot electrons. Nano-plasmonic effect strongly depends on size of nanoparticles. Therefore, in this paper, effect of gold nanoparticles size on properties of silicon solar cell has been studied by using simulation. Gold nanoparticles with sizes of 4 nm, 6 nm, 9 nm, 11 nm and 21 nm have been input into emitter region of silicon solar cell in order to use both of nanoplasmonic-electric and nanoplasmonic-optic effects for enhancing efficiency of silicon solar cell. Open circuit voltage didn't change when size of nanoparticles has been changed from 4 nm to 11 nm. It dropped by 0.017 V when size of nanoparticles was 21 nm. Short circuit current has been maximum 6.7 mA/cm2 at nanoparticle size of 11 nm and minimum 3.1 mA/cm2 at nanoparticle size of 21 nm. It has been found from obtained results that gold nanoparticle with size of 11 nm affected significantly on properties of silicon solar cell. Besides, thickness of silicon solar cell can be decreased without dropping of efficiency by introducing gold nanoparticles. Because, main part of photons is absorbed near to metal nanoparticles inputted region.
Investigation of the operating conditions influence on the optical telescope performance when capturing star images
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Tsaplin S.V. , Belokonov I.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Bolychev S.A. ,   Samara National Research University, Romanov A.E. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2023

We propose combining the functionality of star sensors and the optical system of a nanosatel-lite optical-electronic telescopic module (OETM) for Earth remote sensing (ERS) in order to re-duce the influence of thermoregulation inaccuracy on the accuracy of linking the star sky and the Earth's surface images. The main difference from the previous works is that for the thermoregula-tion inaccuracy to be reduced, we use controlled local film electric heaters with moderate energy consumption located on the periphery of optical elements of the OETM system. High quality of the star sky images is sought to be attained for a nanosatellite-borne telescope in a circular sun-synchronous orbit (SSO) and includes solving a number of tasks discussed below. Arguments are given in favor of using the proposed OETM, which is capable of fully complementing / replacing the onboard astronomical imaging system of spacecraft.
Inhomogeneously polarized light fields: polarization singularity indices derived by analogy with the topological charge
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Zaitsev V.D. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2023

In this work, we study several different vector and hybrid light fields, including those with multiple polarization singularities. We derive polarization singularity indices by adopting a well-known M.V. Berry's formula, which is commonly used to obtain the topological charge of scalar vortex light fields. It is shown that fields whose polarization state depends only on the polar angle in the beam cross section can have either polarization singularity lines outgoing from the center, or a single polarization singularity in the center of the beam cross section. If the polarization state of the field depends only on the radial variable, then such fields have no polarization singularities and their index is equal to zero. If the polarization state of a vector field depends on both polar coordinates, then such a field can have several polarization singularities at different locations in the beam cross section. We also investigate a vector field with high-order radial polarization and with a real parameter. At different values of this parameter, such a field has either several polarization singularity lines outgoing from the center, or a single singular point in the center. The polarization singularity index of such a field for different parameters can be either half-integer, or integer, or zero.
Comparison of duration of Postoperative Analgesia after Caudal Block with or without Intravenous Dexamethasone in Paediatric Day Care Infraumbilical Surgeries under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Sharma Nidhi , Kachru Nisha , Kumar Sandeep , Yadav Rupesh
Published: February 2023

Background: Pain is defined as a subject’s conscious perception of modulated nociceptive impulses that generate an unpleasant experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. General anaesthesia, when combined with regional anaesthesia provides effective perioperative analgesia. Aim of the study was to study the effect of intravenous dexamethasone on duration of post-operative analgesia when given along with intra operative caudal block in paediatric day care infra umbilical surgeries under general anesthesia.
Methods: Sixty paediatric patients, American Society of Anesthesiologist’s class I and II, patients were randomly divided in to two groups. In Group D - 30 paediatric patients who were given intravenous dexamethasone in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg iv in 5 ml normal saline along with caudal block with 0.75ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine. Group S - 30 paediatric patients who were given 5 ml of normal saline intravenously along with caudal block with 0.75ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine. Primary objective of the study was to determine the duration of post-operative analgesia.
Results: The demographic data were comparable in both groups. There were no significant difference of mean (SD) Heart Rate and Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) at baseline, post-operative 1st hour, post-operative 2nd hour, post-operative 3rd hour, post-operative 4th hour (p value >0.05). Time for rescue analgesia (minutes) to be given was more in group D when compared to group S (190.67 ± 41.76 versus 181.17± 37.97) however it was not statistically significant. Total duration of analgesia(minutes), i.e., including both intra-operative and post-operative period was more in group D when compared to group S (266.83 ± 37.69 versus 255.73 ± 42.83). However, there was no significant difference between them. (p value=0.188).
Conclusion: We conclude that a single bolus dose of intravenous dexamethasone (0.2 mg/kg) given along with caudal block with 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine did not prolong the duration of postoperative analgesia in paediatric patients.
Fibroadenoma Excision under Thoracic Segmental Spinal Anaesthesia in Isolated Situs Inversus Totalis: A Case Report
Authors: Deshpande Jyoti , Jacob Merlin Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

Situs inversus totalis is a rare congenital positional anomaly with a predicted incidence of 1: 10,000 amongst the general population described by the transposition of the abdominal and thoracic visceral structures. Local infiltration of the breast is a common technique for fibroadenoma of small sizes. However, its efficacy, including duration of action as well as the extent, can be unreliable and surgeon dependent. Unless otherwise contraindicated, the regional technique of thoracic segmental spinal anesthesia has been proven to be a safe and effective method for even major surgeries including laparoscopic cholecystectomy, breast lumpectomy and abdominal surgeries. Multiple regional anesthetic techniques are available and should be used according to the requirement of the surgery as well as the skill and knowledge of the performing anesthetist. We discuss here, a case of fibroadenoma in a patient with isolated situs inversus totalis, operated under thoracic segmental spinal anesthesia.
Developing Subcutaneous Emphysema, Pneumothorax and Pneumomediastinum after Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery under General Anesthesia: A Case Report
Authors: Uslu Ahmed , Çekmen Nedim , Leblebici Figen
Published: February 2023

The use of arthroscopic shoulder surgery for diagnosis and treatment is increasing. Although some complications may occur during the operation, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax are rare complications. In this case, we present a patient who developed subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax. A 53-year-old female patient presented with right shoulder pain for 8 months. The patient's body mass index is 20. Additional diseases are rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and vertigo. There was no other systemic disease or comorbidity. She was assigned an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score of 2. Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair was planned. She was operated under general anesthesia (GA). Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum developed at 6 hours after this surgery. The patient was discharged without any complaints on the 6th day of follow-up. No problem was detected in the follow-up of the patient. After shoulder arthroscopy under GA, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum can occur due to the procedure itself, the pleural and alveolar trauma, the endotracheal intubation or extravasation of irrigation fluid during shoulder arthroscopy. In our case, it was not possible to determine the exact cause. However, it is important to keep in mind that subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum can occur after arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Although shoulder arthroscopy is a safe procedure, surgeon familiarity with the risk factors for this complication and close monitoring can aid in its identification and allow for appropriate treatment.
Spinal Anaesthesia for Lower Limb Orthopaedic Surgery in a Child with Spastic Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Deshpande Jyoti , Nashine Sanjana
Published: February 2023

Cerebral palsy (CP) refers to a spectrum of nonprogressive neurological disorders with disturbances in posture and movement, resulting from perinatal intrauterine insult to developing infant brain. Many conditions associated with CP require surgery. Such cases pose important gastrointestinal, respiratory, and other perioperative considerations. Anaesthetic management in these cases is delicate. Intraoperative complications including hypovolemia, hypothermia, muscle spasms, seizures, and delayed recovery might complicate the anaesthetic management. A thorough preanesthetic evaluation allows for a better intra- and post-operative care. Perioperative analgesia is important, particularly in orthopaedic surgeries one for pain relief. Here, we have discussed the successful management of a case of spastic CP for orthopaedic lower limb surgery.
Metabiotic extracted from Bifidobacterium bifidum modulates antioxidant capacity and inflammatory responses during peptic ulcer healing in male wistar rats: a preliminary study
Authors: Almasyan Rika , Jafari Parvaneh , Farjanikish Ghasem , Noorbazargan Hassan
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives: Peptic ulcer disease is a multifactorial disease that affects up to 10% of people. The use of natural product remedies has received much attention for its treatment. In this research, the healing effect of metabiotic extracted from Bifidobacterium bifidum was investigated.
Materials and Methods: 45 male wistar rats were divided into 3 groups (Ctrl-, drug, and metabiotic), and stomach ulcers were induced by ethanol administration and treated by drug and metabiotic. The healing process was investigated on different days by histological analysis and qRT-PCR.
Results: The metabiotic increased IL-8 and PDGF expression and stimulated the recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells to the wound site. It caused a faster onset of the inflammation phase followed by the proliferation phase. The metabiotic increased the expression of SOD and GPx genes and the antioxidant capacity of the wound. The increase in EGF expression led to faster re-epithelization, which was evident in the wound closure process.
Conclusion: Metabiotic extracted from B. bifidum is a promising candidate for the treatment of PUD. It causes a faster onset of the inflammation phase. Improving the antioxidant status of the wound, causes a faster resolution of inflammation, which leads to the acceleration of the wound-healing process.
Dreadful practices of adulteration in food items and their worrisome consequences for public health: a review
Authors: Islam Shahedul , Jhily Nusrat Jahan , Parvin Nusrat , Shampad Mahedi Hasan , Hossain Jilon , Sarkar Sujan Chandra , Rahman Maminur , Islam Ashiqul
Published: February 2023

Even though food has many health advantages, people nowadays struggle with several health problems as a result of food adulteration. The use of essence, industrialization, and the price of development all contribute to the prosperity of civilization and the adulteration of food. It is a result of corporate unbridled consumerism and selfishness, which does so intentionally to maximize gain. Food adulteration lowers food quality and has a variety of detrimental effects on human health. The table in this study highlights adulteration in about 50 food products and shows that there are nearly 55 adulterants present. Some of these, such as heavy metals, some synthetic colorants, brick dust, calcium carbide, melamine, DDT, formaldehyde, urea, etc., seriously affect human health. These adulterants have the potential to cause a slew of fatal diseases, wreaking havoc on public health. Food adulteration has a variety of acute and chronic effects on the human body, including inflammation, digestive issues, urinary issues, non-carcinogenic hazards, carcinogenic hazards, and so on. Among these are several diseases that can be fatal.
A Case report Abdominal TB presented as right psoas muscle abscess
Authors: A.Abusin Mr.Mohammed , Ali DR.Tagwa , Rajab DR. Mohammed , Omer DR. Elaf , Mohammed DR.Ruba
Published: February 2023

Psoas muscle abscess is an uncommon presentation of abdominal TB, we described a 55 years old Sudanese male presented with a history of constitutional symptoms and history of right groin mass. Our patient denied any history of TB infection or contact with TB patient. Computed tomography scan revealed a right psoas muscle abscess. A US guided biopsy of the abscess was carried out and sent to histopathology, which showed mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The patient was treated with antituberculus therapy and an ultrasound guided surgical drainage of the abscess. But our patient then developed signs of acute intestinal obstruction and underwent exploratory laparotomy, in which he was discovered to have a small bowel stricture as a complication of his abdominal TB.  ileostomy was done, and a couple of days later  the patient was discharged on good medical condition and antituberculus therapy.
Using Refutation Technique to Increase Students’ Reading Comprehension at the Second Grade Students of Sma Hasanuddin Gowa
Authors: Bahang M. Dahlan , Wijaya Iriany Kesuma , HB Lukman
Published: February 2023

The aims of this study was to find out whether or not refufation technique can increase the students’ reading comprehension of the second grade students of SMA Hasanuddin Gowa. This research employed pre-experimental method which one class was given pre-test, treatment and post-test. The population of this research was the second grade students of SMA Hasanuddin Gowa. The total sample consisted of 24 students and it is used purposive sampling technique. The instrument was reading text in order to measure the students’ reading comprehension skill  by using refutation technique. The result of the data showed that by using reputation technique in reading comprehension was effective in improving the students’ reading skill. In other words, the finding indicated that using refutation technique in teaching reading comprehension was able to improve the students’ skill in reading. Based on the result of the data showed that there was a significant difference between the pre-test mean score (45.04), and the post-test mean score (71.83). It can be concluded that the use of refutation technique in reading comprehension can be improved at SMA Hasanuddin Makassar.
Ingeniería económica
Authors: Moreno Gómez Nelson Enrique , Suárez Caicedo Luis Eduardo
Published: February 2023

El texto ha sido estructurado en seis capítulos para orientar de manera detallada, secuencial y bajo diferentes opciones metodológicas; la obtención de resultados en términos de la utilización de tasas de interés en sus modalidades simple y Compuesta, nominal vencida y anticipada y su respectiva tasa efectiva anual. De manera secuencial se presenta la aplicación de las diversas modalidades de las equivalencias del dinero en el tiempo, en términos del valor presente y futuro, anualidad vencida y anticipada, gradientes aritmético y geométrico creciente y decreciente. Se incluye la metodología para la obtención del costo de capital con su respectivo detalle en función del costo de los recursos propios y el costo de los recursos de crédito como variable o tasa de descuento de los flujos de caja tanto por método directo e indirecto. Finalmente, se presentan las herramientas para la evaluación financiera de proyectos o alternativas de inversión; mediante el Valor presente neto, la tasa interna de retorno simple y modificada, la relación beneficio/costo y el periodo de recuperación de la inversión.
Wpływy człowieka w Borach Tucholskich. Polsko-szwedzki projekt badań paleobotanicznych
Authors: Berglund Björn E. , Hjelmroos-Ericsson Mervi , Bogaczewicz-Adamczak Bożena , Miotk Grażyna
Published: February 2023

Autorzy zrelacjonowali problemy i wyniki wspólnych prac badawczych. Były
to analizy palinologiczne, pochodzące z den wybranych jezior na obszarze
Borów Tucholskich (Suszek, Kęsowo, Śpierewnik).
Przygotowania Rzeczypospolitej do wojny z Moskwą w latach 1632–1633
Authors: Nagielski Mirosław
Published: February 2023

Kampania smoleńska 1632–1634 rozpoczynała panowanie nowego władcy Rzeczypospolitej, Władysława IV. Wykorzystując śmierć Zygmunta III, Moskwa już jesienią 1632 r. rozpoczęła działania na teatrze wschodnim, stawiając sobie za cel odzyskanie utraconego w 1611 r. Smoleńska. Do wojny strona polsko-litewska była nieprzygotowana, a na temat celowości zaciągów trwały spory między hetmanami Lwem Sapiehą i Krzysztofem Radziwiłłem. Dzięki temu ostatniemu wzmocniono załogi twierdz pogranicza oraz założono obóz pod Krasnym, który blokował siły moskiewskie oblegające Smoleńsk. Wobec trwania wojny trzydziestoletniej Rzeczpospolita musiała prowadzić zaciągi w oparciu o własnego rekruta, korzystając z pomocy werbowanych z zagranicy oficerów cudzoziemców. Przygotowania mające na celu wystawienie armii odsieczowej trwały długo i wymagały dużych nakładów finansowych. Ich rezultatem było wystawienie kilkunastotysięcznej armii, która pod dowództwem Władysława IV we wrześniu 1633 r. dotarła pod Smoleńsk, odblokowując obleganą twierdzę przez siły moskiewskie M. B. Szeina.