bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS FAKTOR EKSPLOITASI HUTAN PADA KELERENGAN YANG BERBEDA DI IUPHHK-HA PT SINERGI HUTAN SEJATI
Authors: Mahdi Ahmad Rizal , Jauhari Ahmad , Badaruddin Badaruddin
Published: May 2023

The exploitation factor is a comparison between the amount of wood production produced from a forest area with the potential of wood and is included in the determination of the production target of HPH performance, one of which can be measured from the value of the Exploitation Factor. This Exploitation Factor is a comparison between the part of the rod that is utilized and the part of the stem that is expected to be utilized. This study aims to analyze the value of production forest exploitation factors and log volumes on different marbles in PT. Sinergi Hutan Sejati of Central Kalimantan, This Exploitation Factor Analysis is based on the degree of marbles where there are four levels of marbles, the first is sloping, flat, rather steep and steep. The Exploitation Factor is very influential on the production of a timber company (HPH), which if the Exploitation Factor increases, it will affect the annual production ration (JPT). The results obtained in the Forest Exploitation Factor Analysis on different marbles at IUPHHK-HA PT. Sinergi Hutan Sejati in each of the consecutive marbles from flat (0-8 %), gentle (8-15 %), rather steep (15-25 %), and steep (25-45 %) is 0.89, 0.89, 084, and 0.85. In general, the value of the Exploitation Factor is 0.87, this value is still above what was set by the government, which is 0.7.Faktor eksploitasi merupakan perbandingan antara banyaknya produksi kayu yang dihasilkan dari suatu areal hutan dengan potensi kayu dan dimasukkan dalam penentuan target produksi Kinerja HPH salah satunya dapat diukur dari nilai Faktor Ekploitasi. Faktor Eksploitasi ini merupakan perbandingan antara bagian batang yang dimanfaatkan dengan bagian batang yang diharapkan dapat dimanfaatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai faktor eksploitasi hutan produksi dan volume log pada kelerengan yang berbeda di PT. Sinergi Hutan Sejati Kalimantan Tengah, Analisis Faktor Eksploitasi ini berdasarkan tingkat kelerengan yang mana ada empat tingkat kelerengan yang pertama landai, datar, agak curam dan curam. Faktor Eksploitasi sangat berpengaruh besar terhadap produksi suatu perusahaan kayu (HPH), yang mana bila Faktor Eksploitasi meningkat akan berpengaruh terhadap jatah produksi tahunan (JPT). Hasil yang diperoleh pada Analisis Faktor Eksploitasi hutan pada kelerengan yang berbeda di IUPHHK-HA PT. Sinergi Hutan Sejati pada masing – masing kelerengan berturut-turut dari datar (0-8%), landai (8-15%), agak curam (15-25%), dan curam (25-45%) adalah 0,89, 0,89, 084, dan 0,85. Secara umum nilai Faktor Ekploitasi adalah 0,87, nilai ini masih diatas dari yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah yaitu sebesar 0,7.
PENGARUH WAKTU FERMENTASI DAN PENAMBAHAN JUMLAH RAGI TERHADAP KADAR BIOETANOL DARI LIMBAH MERANTI MERAH (Shorea leprosula MIQ)
Authors: Juhda Akbar Khairu , Thamrin Gusti Abdul Rahmat , Radam Rosidah
Published: May 2023

One of the most widely available lignocellulosic materials in Indonesia is red meranti wood sawdust. Most of the natural forests outside Java are dominated by stands of dipterocarpaceae, especially red meranti. This study calculates the content of bioethanol and bioethanol in the fermentation process, and how variable the amount and content of bioethanol from waste due to the addition of yeast and variations in the length of fermentation time. The collection and processing of data from the results of the study were recorded in an observation table associated with a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experiment using parameters such as yeast volume and fermentation time. Based on the results obtained, the amount of ethanol produced from the fermentation process of red meranti sawdust (Shorea leprosula Miq) obtained the largest yield of 9.104 ml and the smallest 2.419 ml, while for the ethanol content produced the largest yield was 10.889% and the lowest was 2.419 ml. the smallest 3.541%. From the results of further testing, it was found that there was a significant effect between the AB interaction on the volume of ethanol produced, while the bioethanol content had a very significant effect on the AB interactionSalah satu bahan lignoselulosa yang banyak tersedia di Indonesia adalah limbah serbuk kayu meranti merah. Sebagian besar hutan alam di luar Pulau Jawa didominasi oleh tegakan dipterocarpaceae, terutama meranti merah. Penelitian ini menghitung kandungan bioetanol dan bioetanol dalam proses fermentasi, dan bagaimana variabel jumlah dan kandungan bioetanol dari limbah akibat penambahan ragi dan variasi lama waktu fermentasi. Pengumpulan dan pengolahan data dari hasil penelitian dicatat dalam tabel observasi yang terkait dengan percobaan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan menggunakan parameter seperti volume ragi dan waktu fermentasi. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, jumlah etanol yang dihasilkan dari proses fermentasi serbuk gergaji kayu meranti merah (Shorea leprosula Miq) didapatkan hasil yang terbesar yaitu 9,104 ml dan yang terkecil 2,419 ml, sedangkan untuk kadar etanol yang dihasilkan didapatkan hasil yang terbesar yaitu 10,889% dan yang terkecil 3,541%. Dari hasil pengujian lanjutan, didapatkan hasil berupa adanya pengaruh nyata antara interaksi AB terhadap volume etanol yang dihasilkan sedangkan untuk kadar bioetanol memiliki pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap interaksi AB.
ESTIMASI KARBON TERSIMPAN TUMBUHAN SAGU (Metroxylon sagu Rottb) DI KECAMATAN SUNGAI TABUK
Authors: Azizah Fitria , Kissinger Kissinger , Rianawati Fonny
Published: May 2023

The issue of the importance of forests in absorbing carbon is currently developing, so it is necessary to conduct research that can encourage further development of carbon sequestration and biomass. This study aims to estimate the carbon stored in tree-level sago palms. The method used is the destructive method. This research was conducted in Sungai Tabuk District, Banjar Regency. The calculation of biomass requires the value of the specific gravity of the sago plant. The results of this study indicate that the sago palm has a specific gravity of 0.37 g/cm3. In order to estimate the biomass, it is necessary to have the volume of each tree. The estimated biomass stored in tree-level sago plants in Sungai Tabuk District is 28.670,06 tons, while the estimated carbon stock for tree-level sago plants in Sungai Tabuk District is 13.474,93 tonsIsu pentingnya hutan dalam menyerap karbon saat ini terus mengalami perkembangan, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian yang bisa mendorong pengembangan lebih lanjut dari penyerapan karbon dan biomasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pendugaan karbon tersimpan pada tumbuhan sagu tingkat pohon. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode destruktif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Sungai Tabuk Kabupaten Banjar. Perhitungan biomasa memerlukan nilai berat jenis dari tumbuhan sagu. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tumbuhan sagu memiliki berat jenis 0,37 g/cm3. Untuk melakukan pendugaan biomasa, maka diperlukan volume dari masing-masing pohon. Estimasi biomasa yang tersimpan pada tumbuhan sagu tingkat pohon di Kecamatan Sungai Tabuk ialah 28.670,06 Ton, sedangkan estimasi stok karbon pada tumbuhan sagu tingkat pohon di Kecamatan Sungai Tabuk ialah 13.474,93 Ton
PENGARUH PERENDAMAN EKSTRAK BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) EKSTRAK TOUGE (Vigna radiata L.) DAN AIR HANGAT TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN BIJI JOHAR (Cassia siamea Lamk) DI GREEN HOUSE FAKULTAS KEHUTANAN ULM
Authors: Gusmandari Heni , Rachmawati Normela , Rudy Gusti Syeransyah
Published: May 2023

This study aims to: 1. Determine the germination rate of Johar (Cassia siamea Lamk) seeds using onion extract (Allium cepa L.), touge extract (Vigna radiata L.), warm water. 2. Analyzing the effect of onion extract (Allium cepa L), touge extract (Vigna Tadiata L), warm water on the germination of Johar (Cassia siamea Lamk) seeds. The benefits of this research can provide information to relevant agencies regarding the effect of different treatments on the germination of johar (Cassia siamea Lamk) seeds. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Primary data is data obtained based on direct observations and measurements at the research site. Secondary data is data supporting the results of literature studies or research as literature. Germination Speed and Yield Percentage of Johar Seeds with an average of 5.47 for shallots, 9.65 for bean sprouts. The live percentage of Johar Seeds is 88.25%, Johar Seed Growth Conditions and Care The selection of Johar fruit is taken only the inner seeds. In one johar seed, the seeds range from 10. The planting medium used for johar seeds, namely sand, was chosen as the planting medium because sand is easy to sterilize and easily absorbs water. Temperature, Humidity, and Light Intensity are directly proportional, while temperature and humidity are inversely relatedPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecepatan perkecambahan biji Johar (Cassia siamea Lamk) dengan menggunakan ekstrak bawang merah (Allium cepa L.), ekstrak touge (Vigna radiata L.), air hangat, menganalisis pengaruh ekstrak bawang merah (Allium cepa L), ekstrak touge (Vigna tadiata L), air hangat terhadap perkecambahan biji Johar (Cassia siamea Lamk). Penelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi kepada instansi terkait mengenai pengaruh perlakuan yang berbeda terhadap perkecambahan biji johar (Cassia siamea Lamk). Data yang digunakan yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer merupakan data yang diperoleh berdasarkan pengamatan dan pengukuran secara langsung di lokasi penelitian. Data sekunder merupakan data penunjang hasil studi pustaka atau penelitian sebagai literatur. Kecepatan Perkecambahan dan Hasil Persentase Biji Johar dengan rata-rata 5,47 untuk bawang merah, 9,65 untuk touge. Persentase Hidup Biji Johar sebesar 88,25%, Kondisi Pertumbuhan Biji Johar dan Perawatan Pemilihan buah johar yang di ambil cuma bagian biji dalamnya saja. Dalam satu biji johar, biji berkisaran 10. Media tanam yang digunakan untuk biji johar yaitu Pasir dipilih sebagai media tanam karena pasir mudah disterilkan serta mudah meresap air. Suhu, Kelembaban, dan Intensitas Cahaya berbanding lurus, sedangkan suhu dan kelembaban berbanding terbalik
PENGELOLAAN KEBUN HUTAN (FOREST GARDEN) OLEH MASYARAKAT SUKU DAYAK MERATUS DI DESA HINAS KIRI KECAMATAN BATANG ALAI TIMUR
Authors: Meliani Heni , Hafizianor Hafizianor , Itta Daniel
Published: May 2023

Management of forest gardens (forest garden) by the Dayak Meratus people in Hinas Kiri Village, Batang Alai Timur District. The purpose of this study is to examine the system of forest garden management (forest garden) patters for Dayak Meratus community in the village of hinas kiri. The object of this research is the Dayak meratus community in Hinas Kiri Village, Batang Alai Timur District, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency. This study uses a purposive sampling method, which is a deliberate sampling technique with parties who are considered capable and competent in providing descriptions and information to answer questions. The result of the data obtained were compiled, processed, and analyzed to be able to provide an overview of the exiting problems. Based on the result obtained from this study, the forest garden system in hinas kiri village is divided into 3 forest plantation systems, namely seasonal forest gardens, annual forest garden, mixed forest gardens (annual and seasonal).Pengelolaan Kebun Hutan (Forest Garden) Oleh Masyarakat Suku Dayak Meratus Di Desa Hinas Kiri Kecamatan Batang Alai Timur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji sistem pola pengelolaan kebun hutan (forest garden) masyarakat suku Dayak meratus di Desa Hinas Kiri. Objek pada penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Suku Dayak Meratus di Desa Hinas Kiri Kecamatan Batang Alai Timur, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling yaitu teknik penentuan sampel secara sengaja dengan pihak yang dianggap mampu dalam menjawab pertanyaan dan berkompeten dalam memberikan gambaran dan informasi. Hasil data yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan cara analisis deskriptif data-data tersebut disusun, diolah, dan dianalisis untuk dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai masalah yang ada. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah sistem kebun hutan yang terdapat di Desa Hinas Kiri terbagi menjadi 3  sistem kebun hutan yaitu kebun hutan semusim, kebun hutan tahunan, kebun hutan campuran (tahunan dan semusim).
EFEKTIVITAS DAN EFISIENSI MESIN-MESIN DALAM SATU RANGKAIAN PADA PROSES PRODUKSI KAYU LAPIS (STUDI KASUS DI PT BASIRIH INDUSTRIAL)
Authors: Fitriadi Noor , Abidin Zainal , Sutiya Budi
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of the machines in the plywood production process at PT. Basirih Industrial. The method used includes the process of collecting data in the form of observations, interviews, and literature studies, as well as descriptive data analysis in the form of tables and calculation graphs which are then analyzed using the Effectiveness and Efficiency formula. The effectiveness value of using machines in one series at PT Basirih Industrial has reached a high effectiveness value of 100% on seven machines in the plywood production process including the Log cutting, Rotary, Continues Dryer, Glue Spreader, Hot press, Composser and Scraf joint stages and two the engine value is not high, namely at the Sizer and Sander stages it only reaches 91.66% and the engine efficiency value at PT Basirih Industrial ranges from 54.02% - 96.15%. The most efficient stage in the production process is the Hot Press stage of 96% and the lowest efficiency is the Composer, Sander and Rotary respectively 54.02%, 66.57% and 66.66%.Tujuan dari penelitian ialah menganalisis dari nilai efektifitas dan efisiensi mesin-mesin pada proses produksi di industri kayu lapis di PT. Basirih Industrial. Metode yang digunakan meliputi dari kumpulan data berupa data observasi, tahap wawancara, dan metode studi pustaka, serta analisis data secara deskriftif berupa tabel serta grafik hasil perhitungan yang selanjutya dianalisis menggunakan rumus Efektifitas dan Efesiensi. Nilai dari efektifitas penggunaan mesin pada satu rangkaian di PT Basirih Industrial sudah mencapai nilai efektifitas yang tinggi sebesar 100% pada tujuh mesin tahap proses produksi kayu lapis diantaranya tahap Log cutting, Rotary, Continues Dryer, Glue Spreader, Hot press, Composser dan Scraf joint dan dua mesin nilainya belunn tinggi yaitu pada tahap Sizer dan Sander hanya mencapai 91,66% dan Nilai efisiensi mesin pada PT Basirih Industrial berkisar antara 54,02% - 96,15%. Tahap yang paling efisien dalam proses produksi yaitu tahap Hot Press sebesar 96% dan efisiensi paling rendah yaitu pada Composer, Sander dan Rotary masing – masing 54,02%, 66,57% dan 66,66%.
Sampul JSS Vol 6 No 2 Edisi April 2023
Authors: Mirza Arman
Published: May 2023

Sampul JSS Vol 6 No 2 Edisi April 2023
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BERMUATAN AYAT-AYAT AL-QURAN PADA MATERI DINAMIKA PARTIKEL DENGAN MODEL DIRECT INSTRUCTION UNTUK MELATIHKAN KETERAMPILAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH
Authors: Hasanah Hasanah , Mastuang Mastuang , Dewantara Dewi
Published: May 2023

Penggunaan bahan ajar bermuatan ayat-ayat al-quran pada materi dinamika partikel dalam proses pembelajaran bertujuan untuk melatihkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah peserta didik. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mendeskripsikan validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan bahan ajar bermuatan ayat-ayat al-quran pada materi dinamika partikel dengan model direct instruction untuk melatihkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan menggunakan model ADDIE dengan subjek uji coba berupa bahan ajar dan diuji pada 13 peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen validasi, instrumen lembar keterlaksanaan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP) dan lembar tes hasil belajar (THB). Teknik analisis data menggunakan persentase nilai dan disesuaikan dengan kriteria aspek penilaian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) validitas bahan ajar berkategori sangat baik; (2) kepraktisan bahan ajar berkategori baik; (3) efektivitas bahan ajar berkategori efektif; dan (4) penggunaan bahan ajar berhasil melatihkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah peserta didik. Diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa bahan ajar bermuatan ayat-ayat al-quran pada materi dinamika partikel dengan model direct instruction untuk melatihkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH TERINTEGRASI MEDIA SIMULASI PHET TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI PESAWAT SEDERHANA
Authors: Rohmawati Laila , Wulandari Ria , Wulandari Fitria Eka
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terintegrasi media simulasi PhET pada materi pesawat sederhanadan mendeskripsikan pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terintegrasi media simulasi PhET terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi pesawat sederhana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif eksperimen dengan jenis penelitian quasi experimental design. Desain penelitian nonequivalent control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel nonprobability sampling dengan jenis pengambilan sampel penelitian sampling purposive. Teknik analisis data menggunakan persentase ketelaksanaan pembelajaran dan uji-t independent sampel t-test. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa lembar pengamatan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dan teknik tes. Hasil penelitian pada keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terintegrasi media simulasi PhET pada pertemuan pertama, kedua, dan ketiga memperoleh skor rata-rata berturut-turut yaitu 96,09%, 95,31% dan 96,09% dengan kategori sangat baik. Keterampilan berpikir kritis pada kelas eksperimen dan kontrol mengalami perubahan. Pada kelas eksperimen, rata-rata nilai posttest sebesar 68,00 berada pada kategori kritis. Sedangkan pada kelas kontrol, rata-rata nilai posttest sebesar 56,00 berada pada kategori cukup kritis. Kedua nilai ini lebih baik dibandingkan dengan nilai pretest. Pada hasil uji independent sample t test diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.001 < 0.05. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terintegrasi media simulasi PhET sebesar 95,83% dengan kategori sangat baik dan ada pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terintegrasi media simulasi PhET terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi pesawat sederhana.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA BERBASIS PROBLEM SOLVING BERBANTUAN VIRTUAL LAB PHET PADA MATERI GERAK PARABOLA
Authors: Purwaningsih Sri , Azizahwati Azizahwati , Sahal Muhammad
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan didasari oleh keterbatasan bahan ajar serta alat atau media pembelajaran fisika yang interaktif. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan e-modul pembelajaran fisika berbasis problem solvingberbantuan virtual lab PhET pada materi gerak parabola. Secara khusus penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui validitas dan praktikalitas e-modul. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) menggunakan model ADDIE yang dimodifikasi hanya terdiri dari 3 tahap yaitu analisis, perancangan dan pengembangan. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu instrumen berupa angket lembar validasi dan lembar praktikalitas guru dan siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata validasi keseluruhan aspek penilaian e-modul termasuk kategori sangat tinggi yaitu 3,50. Hasil uji praktikalitas guru dan siswa diperoleh skor rata-rata keseluruhan aspek penilaian secara berturut-turut 3,68 dan 3,55. E-modul yang dikembangkan valid dan praktis berdasarkan semua aspek penilaian dan layak untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
What Are the Factors Determining Participation Decision and Level of Participation in Milk Value Addition? Evidence From Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Wondim Desalegn , Aynalem Mezgebu , Fekadie Ayalew , Fentahun Gebreegziabher
Published: May 2023

Recently dairying becomes an important farming activity in the districts. Even if these districts are potential in milk production and marketing activities, little was known about determinates of participation and level of participation in milk value addition. This study was analyzing determinates of participation and level of participation in milk value addition in the study areas. Both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data were collected from 244 producers, 50 traders and 20 consumers by using semi-structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and econometrics model. Results from Heckman selection model first step revealed that milk producers’ participation decision on milk value addition was significantly affected by religion, distance the market, cooperative membership, volume of milk produced per day and market access. Whereas milk producers’ participation decision on the volume of milk value addition was significantly affected by religion, level of education, number of children less than six years, membership for milk cooperatives, volume of milk produced per day, access to market information, access to credit and access to livestock extension. Therefore, dairy sector development programs should take in to account determinants of participation decision on milk value addition as well as on volume of milk production.
Engineering Microbiomes for Restoration and Conservation: A Resource-Consumer Model
Authors: Sole Ricard , Maull Victor
Published: May 2023

The possibility of abrupt transitions threatens to poise ecosystems into irreversibly degraded states. Recently, it has been proposed the use of engineered microbiomes in endangered ecosystems to prevent them to cross tipping points and avoid collapse. Potential targets for such interventions include some of the most prominent life-support systems in the biosphere: drylands and coral reefs. Since engineering can require the introduction of microorganisms not present in resident communities, how can we weight the potential outcomes? One way is to use general models of species interactions where the "synthetic" strain is incorporated into a standard multispecies model. Here we follow this approach by modelling a resource-consumer community where one of the species is a modified one that acts by preserving some key resource. We show how the indirect effect of damping the decay of shared resources results in biodiversity increase, and last but not less, the successful incorporation of the synthetic within the ecological network. Further extensions and implications for future restoration and terraformation strategies are discussed.
Prevalence of Enterococci and Vancomycin Resistance in the Throat of Non-Hospitalized Individuals Randomly Selected in Central Italy
Authors: Palmieri Annalisa , Martinelli Marcella , Pellati Agnese , Carinci Francesco , Lauritano Dorina , Arcuri Claudio , Baggi Luigi , Gatto Roberto , Scapoli Luca
Published: May 2023

Enterococci are commonly found in the environment and humans as a part of the normal micro-biota Among these, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium can convert into opportunistic pathogens, making them a major cause of nosocomial infections. The rapid diffusion of vanco-mycin-resistant strains and their impact on nosocomial settings is of considerable concern. Ap-proximately one-third of the E. faecium infections in Italy are caused by vancomycin-resistant strains. This study explored the hypothesis that the oral cavity could represent a silent reservoir of virulent enterococci. A sample of 862 oral flora specimens collected from healthy human volun-teers in Central Italy was investigated by real-time PCR to detect E. faecalis and E. faecium, as well as the genetic elements that most frequently determine vancomycin resistance. The prevalence of E. faecalis was 19%, a value that was not associated with alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, or age of the subjects. Less frequently detected, with an overall prevalence of 0.7%, the E. faecium was more common among people older than 49 years of age. The genes conferring vancomycin resistance were detected in only one sample. Results indicate that the oral cavity can be considered a reservoir of clinically relevant enterococci; however, our data suggest that healthy individuals rarely carry vancomycin-resistant strains.
Minimal Invasive Retrosigmoidal Parasterional Burr-Hole Approach: Technique and Neuropathic Pain Amelioration after Microvascular Decompression of the Trigeminal Nerve
Authors: Carrillo-Ruiz José Damián , Covaleda-Rodriguez Juan Camilo , Díaz-Martínez José Armando , Vallejo-Estrella Antonio , Navarro-Olvera José Luis , Velasco-Campos Francisco , Armas-Salazar Armando , Cid-Rodriguez Fatima Ximena
Published: May 2023

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia associated to vascular compression, by aberrant or ectopic arterial or venous vessels, is a frequent condition in clinical practice. Management with microvascular decompression through a Minimal invasive retrosigmoidal has shown high rates of pain control, with low complication rates and excellent therapeutic results.

Objective: To describe the surgical technique and clinical outcomes in terms of pain relief after microvascular decompression for trigeminal nerve, through a minimal invasive retrosigmoidal parasterional burr-hole technique.

Methods: A group of patients with trigeminal neuralgia refractory to medical management who underwent microvascular decompression considering outcomes based on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Barrow Neurological Institute Pain Scale (BNIPS). Added to a technical note of the surgical technique for a minimal invasive retrosigmoidal parasterional burr-hole.

Results: Twenty-two patients were evaluated, clinical assessment after surgical intervention showed a decrease pain according to VAS, resulting from an average preoperative state of 9.5 ± 0.37 to a postoperative condition of 1.32 ± 1.28, exhibiting statistically significant changes (p < 0.0001, d = 9.356). On the other hand, in relation to the BNIPS scale, a decrease from an average preoperative status of 4.55 ± 0.25, to a postoperative status at 12 months of 1.73 ± 0.54 was also demonstrated, showing significant changes (p < 0.0001, d = 3.960).

Conclusion: Microvascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve through a minimal invasive retrosigmoidal parasterional burr-hole is feasible and can be a safe and effective technique for the management of pain.
What is Wrong with Frankenia nodiflora Lam. (Frankeniaceae)? Restoration of a Misunderstood Name and Description of Two New Related Perennial Species from South Africa
Authors: Crespo Manuel B. , Alonso Mª Ángeles , Martínez-Azorín Mario , Villar José Luis , Mucina Ladislav
Published: May 2023

The taxonomic identity and phylogenetic relationships of several southern African perennial taxa related to Frankenia repens are discussed. In particular, F. nodiflora Lam., a misunderstood species described from the Cape region and synonymised to F. pulverulenta, is restored for plants endemic to salt-pans and riverbeds in the coastal lowlands across the Cape plains (Western Cape Province, South Africa). Further, a revision of morphologically close plants, usually identified as F. pulverulenta or F. repens, also occurring in similar saline ecosystems of the inland western South Africa revealed the existence of two distinct new entities not matching any described taxa of the genus. Molecular analyses of nuclear ribosomal (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region) DNA sequence data together with morphological divergence allow recognition of those taxa at species rank, within an independent lineage close to F. repens. In consequence, two new species are described in the so-called “F. repens group”: F. nummularia from the Nama-Karoo Biome (Western Cape and Northern Cape Provinces), and F. namaquana from the Succulent Karoo Biome (Northern Cape Province). Full morphological description and type designation are reported for each accepted species, as well as data on ecology, habitat, distribution and taxonomic relationships to other close relatives are given. Further, an identification key is presented to facilitate recognition of the southern African taxa of Frankenia.
Detecting Underwater Concrete Cracks with Machine Learning: A Clear Vision of a Murky Problem
Authors: Orinaitė Ugnė , Karaliūtė Viltė , Pal Mayur , Ragulskis Minvydas
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the development of an underwater crack detection system for structural integrity assessment of submerged structures, like offshore oil and gas installations, underwater pipelines, underwater foundations for bridges, dams etc. Focus is on use of machine learning based approaches. First a detailed literature review of state of the current methods for underwater surface crack detection is presented highlighting challenges and opportunities. An overview of image augmentation approach for creation of underwater optical effects is also presented. Experimental results using standard network based machine learning approach, used for surface crack detection in onshore environment, is presented. Series of Test cases are presented where existing networks performance are improved using augmented images for underwater conditions. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed system in detecting cracks in underwater structures. The system has the potential to improve the safety and reliability of underwater structures and prevent catastrophic failures.
Process Innovation for Energy Efficient Building Deep Renovation
Authors: Brunoro Silvia , Bizzarri Giacomo , Ferrari Laura
Published: May 2023

The paper is based on the research project P2Endure funded within the H2020-EE-2016-2017 call. The main aim of the research is to propose innovative solutions for deep renovation that are applicable and replicable for the widest range of building typologies, from public to residential and historic buildings. In this paper, the methodology adopted to perform the energy analyses and to verify the achievement of the expected targets in terms of savings is defined, based on a range of real case studies. The main aim is to promote a guideline for designers showing specific instruments to perform towards the attainment of the 60% threshold of the energy savings giving advice on how to further improve the energy performance of the buildings, basing on the overview of the energy analyses run for similar cases.
Digital Twin Certified: Employing Virtual Testing of Digital Twins in Manufacturing to Ensure Quality Products
Authors: Grieves Michael
Published: May 2023

Quality products are a main focus for manufacturers. Product users only determine a product is a quality product if it performs in operation to the user’s perceived standard. Product manufactures need to take a product lifecycle quality (PLQ) perspective of quality and not simply focus on manufacturing quality control, which is more accurately specification control. Manufacturing is the key phase where products take their physical form. There are increasing costs and decreasing risk of different physical quality strategies. The information provided using digital twins and virtual testing promises to be both low risk and cost and has the potential to predict what the customer will experience in operation by testing products passively with data and actively with simulation to destruction. Digital Twin Certified (DTC) is proposed as the methodology for accomplishing this. DTC will be especially important for the adoption of additive manufacturing.
Using the 3-30-300 Rule to Assess Urban Forest Access and Preferences in Florida (United States)
Authors: Koeser Andrew , Hauer Richard , Andreu Michael , Northrop Robert , Clarke Mysha , Diaz John , Hilbert Deborah , Konijnendijk Cecil , Landry Shawn , Thompson Grant , Zarger Rebecca
Published: May 2023

Background: Public engagement is needed to make sure urban forestry management efforts align with the values of the public being served. Noting this, we determined current and desired urban forest access of Florida (United States) residents using the criteria from the 3-30-300 rule (i.e., 3 trees visible from home, 30% canopy in neighborhood, and a green space within 300 meters of home). Methods: A survey of 1,716 Florida residents was conducted to assess canopy coverage and green space access. Respondents were then asked if this level of urban forest access was sufficient for their needs. We also asked their perceptions of the benefits and drawbacks of urban trees and whether they had any negative interactions with trees in the past. Results: We found that 37.3% of Florida residents met all three criteria of the 3-30-300 rule. Despite this, half the respondents would prefer more trees in their neighborhoods. When asked to name the top benefits provided by trees, the most common responses were shade, beauty, and attracting wildlife. The most common drawbacks to urban trees included risk to property, leaves/debris, and fears regarding storms and hurricanes. Conclusions: Florida residents largely value their urban forest and would like to see it maintained or enhanced. Improving access to greenspaces for recreation is the most pressing concern for urban forest managers in Florida looking to meet the requirements of the 3-30-300 rule. Results from this study can inform and test urban forest management at national and global scales.
Ammonia and Humidity Sensing by Phthalocyanine-Corrole complex Heterojunction Devices
Authors: Di Zazzo Lorena , Ganesh Moorthy Sujithkumar , Meunier-Prest Rita , Di Natale Corrado , Paolesse Roberto , Bouvet Marcel
Published: May 2023

The versatility of metal complexes of corroles raised the interest in the use of these molecules as element of chemical sensors. The tuning of the macrocycle properties by synthetic modification of the different components of the corrole ring, such as functional groups, molecular skeleton, and coordinated metal, allows the creation of a vast library of corrole-based sensors. However, the scarce conductivity of most of aggregates of corroles limits the development of simple conductometric sensors and requires the use of optical or mass transducers that are rather more cumbersome and less prone to be integrated in microelectronics systems. To compensate the scarce conductivity, corroles are often used to functionalize the surface of conductive materials such as graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, or conductive polymers. Alternatively, they can be incorporated in heterojunction devices where they are interfaced with a conductive material such as a phthalocyanine. Herewith, we introduce two heterojunction sensors made of junctions of lutetium bisphthalocyanine (LuPc2) with either 5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl) corrolato Cu (1) or 5,10,15-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)corrolato Cu (2). Optical spectra show that after forming the heterojunction, corroles maintain their original structure. The conductivity of the devices reveals an energy barrier for interfacial charge transport, which is larger in the 1/LuPc2 device. The different interfacial barriers is also manifested by the opposite response respect to ammonia: with a 1/LuPc2 behaving as a n-type conductor and 2/LuPC2 as a p-type conductor. Furthermore, the sensors show a high sensitivity respect to relative humidity with a reversible and fast response in the range 30-60%.
PDSIM: An Agent-Based Framework with Human Behavior Modeling for Pandemic Impact Assessment to Build Sustainable Communities
Authors: Weligampola Harshana , Ramanayake Lakshitha , Ranasinghe Yasiru , Ilangarathna Gayanthi , Senarath Neranjan , Samarakoon Bhagya , Godaliyadda Roshan , Herath Vijitha , Ekanayaka Parakrama , Ekanayake Janaka , Maheswaran Muthucumaru , Theminimulle Sandya , Rathnayake Anuruddhika , Dharmarathne Samath , Pinnawala Mallika , Ekanayake Sakunthala Yatigammana , Thilakaratne Ganga
Published: May 2023

It is crucial to immediately curb the spread of a disease once an outbreak is identified in a pandemic. An agent based simulator will enable the policymakers to evaluate the effectiveness of different hypothetical strategies and policies with a higher level of granularity. This will allow them to identify the vulnerabilities and asses the threat level more effectively, which in turn can be used to build resilience within the community against a pandemic. This study proposes a PanDemic SIMulator (PDSIM ) which is capable of modeling complex environments while simulating realistic human motion patterns. The ability of PDSIM to track the infection propagation patterns, contact paths, places visited, characteristics of people, vaccination, and testing information of the population, allows the user to check the efficacy of different containment strategies and testing protocols. The results obtained based on the case studies of Covid-19 are used to validate the proposed model. However, it is highly extendable to all pandemics in general, enabling robust planning for more sustainable communities.
Theoretical evidence for principles of special relativity based on isotropic and uniform four-dimensional space
Authors: Yamashita Takuya
Published: May 2023

The theory of special relativity has reexamined and reconstructed the concepts of space and time, which are indispensable for describing physical laws, consequently instigating a major revolution in physics in general. Although the correctness of the special theory of relativity has been con-firmed by many observations and experiments, it is unclear why the "principle of relativity" and the "principle of the constant speed of light," which form the basis of the idea, are valid. Moreo-ver, although special relativity has advanced our understanding of time, our understanding of the fundamental question, "What is time?" is still limited. The theory of special relativity regards space as a four-dimensional construct consisting of one-dimensional time and three-dimensional space. This paper proposes an alternative framework, wherein real space is uniform and isotropic four-dimensional space, and elementary particles are waves that propagate through this four-dimensional space at a constant speed. This new perspective provides evidence to support two of Einstein’s key principles—the "principle of relativity" and the "principle of the constant speed of light." Furthermore, this model clarifies what time is and why time flows at a constant rate from the past to the future.
Therapeutic Potential of Protein Tyrosine Kinase 6 in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jerin Samanta , Harvey Amanda Jane , Lewis Annabelle
Published: May 2023

PTK6, a Non-Receptor–Tyrosine-Kinase, modulates the pathogenesis of breast and prostate cancers, and is recognized as a biomarker of breast cancer prognosis. There are over 30 known substrates of PTK6, including signal transducers, transcription factors and RNA binding proteins. Many of these substrates are known drivers of other cancer types such as colorectal cancer. Colon and rectal tumours also express higher levels of PTK6 than the normal intestine suggesting a potential role in tumorigenesis. However, the importance of PTK6 in colorectal cancer remains unclear. PTK6 inhibitors such as XMU-MP-2 and Tilfrinib have demonstrated potency and selectivity in breast cancer cells when used in combination with chemotherapy, indicating the potential for PTK6 targeted therapy in cancer. However, most of these inhibitors are yet to be tested in other cancer types. Here, we discuss the current understanding of the function of PTK6 in normal intestinal cells compared with colorectal cancer cells. We review existing PTK6 targeting therapeutics and explore the possibility of PTK6 inhibitory therapy for colorectal cancer.
An Integrated Geographical Approach of the Spatiotemporal Distribution of COVID-19 in Minas Gerais State, Brazil
Authors: Da Silva Fonseca Elivelton , Cristina da Silva Laira , Silva Igor , Perrisato Borges Izabela , Ezequiel Limongi Jean , Vilges de Oliveira Stefan , do Carmo Lima Samuel , Addis Alene Kefyalew
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Background: COVID-19's first victim was announced by Chinese health authorities on the 11th of January 2020. On January 13, the first official case was reported outside China, in Thailand. On January 25, the same occurred in São Paulo and on March 8, the first case was recorded in Minas Gerais. From that point onwards until the 3rd of October 2020, a total of 370,911 cases and 9,204 deaths were recorded in the state. This study aims to investigate spatiotemporal patterns of COVID-19 with incidence from March 22 to October 3 of 2020. Methods: The database itself was obtained from Health Division of Minas Gerais state. The vulnerability index was calculated using a principal component analysis. Moran's I autocorrelation was tested, z-score and P-value < 0.05. Results: From March 22 to October 3 of 2020 the incidence level varied from 45.680/100,000 to 312.130/100,000. The most influential variables were: illiteracy, gross domestic product and breath apparel per municipality. The clusters were concentrated in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte, Zona da Mata and Triangulo Mineiro. Conclusion: The spatial distribution of COVID-19 from week 13 until week 40 showed that different levels of endemicity and mesoregional vulnerabilities were represented in these maps.
Biorefinery Development Based on Brewers’ Spent Grain (BSG) Conversion: A Forecasting Technology Study in the Brazilian Scenario
Authors: Evaristo Rafael Benjamin Werneburg , Costa Andreia Alves , Dantas Paulo Gustavo Barboni , Ghesti Grace Ferreira
Published: May 2023

Brewers’ spent grain (BSG) is an important waste produced in beer companies with a high po-tential to be transformed into commercial by-products. The present paper reports a forecasting technology study with the aid of bibliographic review and patent analysis tools aiming to in-vestigate the maturity of certain technologies, considering the use of BSG on a closed-loop bio-refinery and circular bioeconomy concept integrated into a brewery. To evaluate the possibili-ties of production of high-added value products in Brazil, it was presented an overview of BSG’s scientific, technological, and marketing products and applications. The comparison between numbers of articles versus patents shows that the solutions proposed by research articles are not being transformed into maturated viable technologies. The results suggest that there is a gap between the scientific research in the institutions and their applications in industry, which lead to the destination of the BSG for more economically attractive investments when compared to research in Brazil. Ultimately, from the carried-out analysis, it was possible to propose a brew-ing process connected to the biorefinery system, showing the possibility to the newly arising brewery industries.
Fabrication, Characterization, and Microbial Biodegradation of Transparent Nanodehydrated-Bioplastic (NDBs) Membranes Using Novel Casting, Dehydration, and Peeling Techniques
Authors: Hindi Sherif S. , Albureikan Mona Othman I.
Published: May 2023

NDBs were fabricated from gum arabic (GA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in different ratios using novel techniques (casting, dehydration, and peeling). The GA/PVA blends were cast with a novel vibration-free horizontal flow (VFHF) technique, producing membranes free of air bubble defects with a homogenous texture, smooth surface, and constant thickness. The casting process was achieved on a self-electrostatic template (SET) made of poly-(methyl methacrylate), which made peeling the final product membranes easy due to its non-stick behavior. After settling of the cast membranous blind, sheets were dried using nanometric dehydration under a mild vacuum stream using a novel stratified nanodehydrator (SND) loaded with P2O5. After drying the TBM, the dry, smooth membranes were peeled easily without scratching defects. The physicochemical properties of the NDBs were investigated using FTIR, XRD, TGA, DTA, and AFM to ensure that the novel techniques did not distort the product quality. The NDBs retained their virgin characteristics, namely, their chemical functional groups (FTIR results), crystallinity index (XRD data), thermal stability (TGA and DTA), and ultrastructural features (surface roughness and permeability), as well as their microbial biodegradation ability. Comparing the two TBM’ s precursors, PVA had a higher crystallinity index (CI), more mass loss at higher temperatures, greater thermal stability due to higher heat resistance, and a higher clearance of surface roughness due to its large particle size (PS), as well as its higher permeability parameters, namely pore diameter (PD) and void volume (VV), than those for GA. Accordingly, increasing the PVA allocation in the bioplastic blends can enhance their properties except for mass loss, whereby increasing the GA allocation in the TBM blend reduces its mass loss at an elevated temperature. In addition, there is no statistical difference between the NDBs and ordinary air-dried NDBs in PS, PD, and VV, indicating that the novel procedures used did not distort their parent properties examined, as well as their ability for biodegradation. In comparison to control samples, the separated bacteria and fungus destroyed the NDBs. Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. were the two main strains of isolated bacteria, and Rhizobus spp. was the main fungus. The nanodehydration method gave the best solution for the prompt drying of water-based biopolymers free of manufacturing defects, with simple and easily acquired machinery required for the casting and peeling tasks, in addition to its wonderful biodegradation behavior when buried in wetted soil.
Recruitment of Knee Flexion to Compensate for Decompen-sated Spinopelvic Sagittal Balance
Authors: Ouchida Jun , Nakashima Hiroaki , Kanemura Tokumi , Ito Kenyu , Tsushima Mikito , Machino Masaaki , Ito Sadayuki , Segi Naoki , Ode Yukihito , Imagama Shiro
Published: May 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to demonstrate involvement of whole-body compensatory alignment in different conditions of spinopelvic sagittal balance (compensated/decompensated). Methods: We enrolled 330 healthy subjects and divided them according to sagittal vertical axis (SVA): the compensated group, < 4 cm, (group C) and the decompensated group, ≥ 4 cm, (group D). The correlation between lack of ideal lumbar lordosis (iLL), which is calculated by using the Schwab formula, and the compensatory radiographic parameters in each group were analyzed. The threshold value of KF angle that indicates a spinopelvic sagittal imbalance (SVA ≥ 4) was determined by ROC curve analysis. Results: Correlation analysis of lack of iLL and each com-pensatory parameter showed a strong correlation for pelvic tilt (PT) (r = -.723), and a weak cor-relation for thoracic kyphosis (TK) (r = 275) in Group C. In Group D, the correlations were strong for PT (r = -.796), moderate for TK (r = .462), and KF (r = -.415). The optimal cutoff value for KF angle was determined to be 8.4 degrees (sensitivity 89%, specificity 46%). Conclusions: The pre-sent study showed differences between compensated/decompensated spinopelvic sagittal balance in the correlation strength between lack of iLL and whole-body compensatory parameters.
Valorisation of Orange and Banana Peel: Formulation of Fibre Loaded Biscuits
Authors: M Raghul
Published: May 2023

The production, processing of agricultural products results in massive generation of waste, which has an environmental impact. In current study on the node of valorisation of the processed waste, orange and banana peel waste are utilized for the production of biscuits. The fortified biscuits were analysed for proximate and sensory analysis. The fibre content of the fortified biscuits increases several folds. From the sensory score the proportion of biscuits with 7.5% and 10% has undesirable quality parameters, whereas up to 5% concentration all the parameters are more desirable. Fortifying biscuits with orange and banana peel powder may be an excellent source of dietary fibre and an enhanced valorisation technique.