bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yvonne Lara: enfermeira brasileira [Yvonne Lara: Brazilian nurse] [Yvonne Lara: enfermera brasileña]
Authors: Barbosa Lana Rodrigues , Silva Gilberto Tadeu Reis da , Silva Thiago Augusto Soares Monteiro da , Espírito Santo Tiago Braga do , Neto Mercedes , Porto Fernando
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: apresentar a trajetória de Yvonne da Silva Lara na enfermagem brasileira. Método: método histórico com base documental na perspectiva da microanálise com ênfase em biografia. Os dados coletados dos documentos pessoais e institucionais foram triangulados com a literatura de aderência e organizados nos eixos: dados pessoais, processo de formação na enfermagem e trajetória profissional. Resultados: a análise desses dados esclareceu a divergência no ano de nascimento da biografada e a revelou como enfermeira de formação com especialização, diversidade de conhecimentos e significativa vivência prática. Conclusão: o legado deixado foi ter articulado seus saberes e ideais em prol do ethos do cuidado ao ser humano.ABSTRACTObjective: to present the trajectory of Yvonne da Silva Lara in Brazilian nursing. Method: historical method based on documents from the perspective of microanalysis with an emphasis on biography. Data collected from personal and institutional documents were triangulated with the adherence literature and organized into axes: personal data, nursing education process and professional trajectory. Results: the analysis of these data clarified the divergence in the biographed woman's year of birth and revealed her as a trained nurse with specialization, with a diversity of knowledge and significant practical experience. Conclusion: the legacy she left was having articulated her knowledge and ideals in favor of the ethos of caring for human beingsRESUMENObjetivo: presentar la trayectoria de Yvonne da Silva Lara en la enfermería brasileña. Método: método histórico basado en documentos desde la perspectiva del microanálisis con énfasis en la biografía. Los datos recolectados de los documentos personales e institucionales fueron triangulados con la literatura de adherencia y organizados en los ejes: datos personales, proceso de formación de enfermería y trayectoria profesional. Resultados: El análisis de estos datos aclaró la divergencia en el año de nacimiento de la biografiada y la reveló como siendo una enfermera de formación con especialización, con diversidad de saberes y significativa experiencia práctica. Conclusión: El legado que dejó fue haber articulado sus saberes e ideales a favor del ethos del cuidado del ser humano.
MAPEAMENTO E ANÁLISE ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DE DOENÇA PULMONAR OBSTRUTIVA CRÔNICA EM UMA REGIÃO DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Rocha Gabriel Guilmar , Pires Amanda Nogueira Soller , Brunherotti Marisa Afonso Andrade , Silva Renata Calciolari Rossi , Rodrigues Marcus Vinicius Pimenta , Osco Lucas Prado , Ramos Ana Paula Marques
Published: August 2023

A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) é um problema de saúde pública. A análise epidemiológica de caráter espacial pode auxiliar na definição de políticas públicas de saúde. No Brasil, contudo, se desconhece a distribuição espaço-temporal da DPOC até o presente momento. Visando preencher essa lacuna, este trabalho mapeia a distribuição espacial da incidência de DPOC em 45 municípios da 11ª Rede Regional de Atenção à Saúde (RRAS) do Estado de São Paulo de 2008 a 2019. Fez-se o levantamento de casos de Autorização de Internação Hospitalar aprovada no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação. Nota-se que a RRAS-11 possui uma distribuição heterogênea de taxa de DPOC no período investigado. A sazonalidade climática e a DPOC têm forte associação, sendo no inverno o maior número de casos notificados. A análise espacial mostrou as regiões, sobretudo, com altas taxas de DPOC em 2019, e isso auxilia direcionar ações de políticas públicas de saúde para essas áreas. O mapeamento multitemporal contribui, dentre outros, para identificar focos endêmicos de uma doença de interesse. Conseguinte, ações de controle podem ser direcionadas para essas áreas. A abordagem desse trabalho pode ser reproduzida para outras regiões visando obter-se um mapeamento da taxa de DPOC a nível nacional.
Measuring Ethanol Content in Kolesom, a Javanese Wine, and Traditional Wine of Bali by Gas Chromatography (GC): Ensuring Halal Label for Traditional Herbal Medicine
Authors: Rachmaniah Orchidea , Budiono Ryanto , Sumiyani Ririn , Sabrina Melia Indah , Sakdiyah Sakdiyah , Sabella Julietta Salwa , Safira Chyntia Aulia , Safitri Bella Intan
Published: August 2023

Wine is an alcoholic drink that results from the fermentation of grape juice with the help of microbes. One of the variants of wine circulating in Indonesia is wine Kolesom. Kolesom, also known as ginseng wine. Gingseng/kolesom/temulawak is classified as grapes wine with other food ingredients as an addition. It contains EtOH in between 7-24 %v/v according to the quality standard of Kolesom in The Regulation of the National Agency of Drug and Food Control of Republic Indonesia (BPOM) No. 5/2021. Kolesom extracts, considered nutritious for health, are added to grape juice, though it is Khmer and haram. In traditional herbal medicine, kolesom usually use as an addition, giving the body a strong taste, warm effect, and vitality. Adding kolesom in Jamu is a choice depending on the customer's favor. Kolesom wine is classified as B-class liquor, containing 5-20% v/v ethanol. Considering that most Indonesian citizens are Muslim, it is necessary to analyze and cross-check information to the customer about the level content of the alcohol in Javanese wine, kolesom. Ensuring the correct information to the customer and halal lifestyle. Gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionized detector (GC-FID) is proposed as a method for analyzing the ethanol (EtOH) content in kolosem, Javanese wine, as well as the traditional wine of Bali. The results showed that the proposed GC-FID method was well-validated.
Two-stage method for hepatocellular carcinoma screening in B-mode ultrasound images
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Tangruangkiat Sutthirak , Krisanachinda Anchali ,   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Ruangprapawut Wongsakorn ,   R&D engineer, Intronics company limited, Bangkok, Thailand, Auetavekiat Supatana ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: August 2023

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant global health concern that requires early detection for effective treatment. Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop a system for screening HCC in B-mode ultrasound images. Materials and methods: The dataset consisted of 1665 hemangioma (HEM) images, including 961 typical HEM, 704 atypical HEM, and 543 HCC images. Four YOLOv4 models were trained: one for HCC detection, one for the conventional two-class detection of HEM and HCC, one to detect typical HEM and suspicious lesions, and the last one was our two-stage model consisting of a detector and classifier. In the first stage, a YOLOv4-based detector with ResNet-50 as the backbone was used to identify focal liver lesions. The second stage utilized ResNet-50 as a classifier to classify the lesions into HCC, atypical HEM, or typical HEM. Differentiating between HCC and atypical HEM is not necessary, as both require further investigation with CT or MR imaging. Results: The evaluation of the developed HCC screening system using ten-fold cross-validation showed that grouping HCC and atypical HEM together significantly increased precision from 0.74 to 0.88 and improved HCC recall from 0.64 to 0.68. Furthermore, employing the two-stage method further improved HCC recall from 0.68 to 0.72. Conclusion: The results indicate that combining HCC and atypical HEM into a single class and using a two-stage approach for detection led to substantial improvements in precision and HCC recall. These findings highlight the potential of the developed system for effective HCC screening in B-mode ultrasound images. The two-stage method provided better detection than the detector-only method. More accurate detection was achieved when lesions were classified based on appearance and clinical protocols.
Syndorm vyhoření softwarových vývojářů v agilním vývoji
Authors: Vafek Zdeněk
Published: August 2023

Riziko syndromu vyhoření se v populaci neustále zvyšuje a postihuje mnoho softwarových vývojářů v agilním vývoji. Tento syndrom se projevuje únavou, sníženým výkonem, nedostatkem motivace, ztrátou zájmu o práci a neschopností efektivně se soustředit na úkoly. Softwaroví vývojáři pracují především v agilním vývoji, což je velmi náročný proces, který vyžaduje neustálou adaptabilitu, komunikaci a spolupráci s ostatními členy týmu. Kombinace náročnosti práce a nedostatečného odpočinku přispívá ke zvýšenému stresu, úzkosti a depresi, což může mít za následek syndrom vyhoření.

Aby se zabránilo syndromu vyhoření, je důležité, aby vývojáři měli dostatek podpory od svého týmu a nadřízených. Nezbytná je také možnost řídit si svůj čas a mít dostatek prostoru na odpočinek a regeneraci. Komunikace a spolupráce s ostatními členy týmu je také klíčová, aby se minimalizoval stres a úzkost a vývojáři měli pocit, že mají kontrolu nad svojí prací. Vývojáři by měli také svou práci pravidelně reflektovat a přemýšlet o tom, jak si mohou zlepšit své pracovní podmínky a předejít syndromu vyhoření. Pomocí využití agilního přístupu a metody Scrum lze detekovat možnost vzniku příčinných souvislostí vedoucích k syndromu vyhoření na základě dlouhodobého měření Story points. Z důvodu využití krátkých iterací v metodě Scrum je možné na faktory vedoucí k syndromu vyhoření včas upozornit a tím snížit riziko ohrožení prací na projektu.

Článek byl publikován v rámci sborníku příspěvků XV. odborné konference doktorského studia Soudního inženýrství, Junior Forensic Science (JuFoS), 18.–19. května 2023 v Brně.
Různé metody zjišťování skutkového stavu v právu oproti jiným vědním oborům
Authors: Čuda Tomáš
Published: August 2023

Článek pojednává o specifických metodách zjišťování skutkového stavu zejména v trestním právu oproti jiným vědním oborům a na to navazujícím způsobem vysvětluje případné důvody pro zdánlivě odlišné rozhodnutí úředníků, policistů, státních zástupců či soudců od znalců, kteří v dané kauze vyhotovili znalecký posudek. Výstupy článku se dají aplikovat na jakoukoliv trestnou činnost. Svými příklady se zaměřuje zejména na metody posouzení věcí trestné činnosti v dopravě, okrajově ovšem též ve zdravotnictví. Metody trestního práva jsou svázány přísnými kritérii postupu v pochybnostech ve prospěch obviněného, ze kterého plyne zcela odlišný přístup v objasňování skutkového stavu, který nemusí být v souladu s metodikou znaleckou. Na třech příkladech článek postupně popisuje zásadu umělé izolace jevů jakožto zásadní metodu trestního práva pro zjišťování příčinné souvislosti, včetně odlišností této metody od metod vlastních jiným vědním oborům. Článek je nedoslovnou citací příspěvku autora z konference soudních znalců Expert forensic science dne 26.–27. ledna 2023 v Mikulově.
Proměna sociální struktury Kamenné čtvrti
Authors: Pokorná Sofie , Francová Klára
Published: August 2023

Článek popisuje vznik nouzových a dělnických kolonií ve městě Brně od počátku 20. let 20. století. Dále stručně seznamuje s historií Kamenné čtvrti a s jejími obyvateli od jejího vzniku přes 70.–90. léta 20. století až po současnost. Primárním cílem práce bylo zmapovat aktuální vzdělanost a profesní zastoupení v Kamenné čtvrti, což bylo vypracováno pomocí dotazníkového šetření po internetu i v terénu. Nově získaná data byla srovnána s daty průzkumu z roku 2019 a s axiomy z historie, které jsou o Kamenné čtvrti známy. Data z obou šetření byla srovnávána také s daty z celé České republiky a z Brna. Aktuální profesní složení pracujících v Kamenné čtvrti bylo srovnáváno s přízvisky, která Kamenná čtvrť získala v době svého vzniku (nouzová/dělnická kolonie) a v době obměny obyvatel v 70.–90. letech (čtvrť umělců a bohémů). V diskusi jsou uvedena témata, která místní obyvatelé aktuálně řeší. Zjištění těchto témat vycházelo z již zmiňovaného kvantitativního výzkumu z roku 2023. Průzkum vzdělanosti a profesního složení byl dělán z důvodu hypotézy probíhající gentrifikace v Kamenné čtvrti. Tato hypotéza průzkumem nebyla vyvrácena, naopak výsledky průzkumu poukazují na možný průběh gentrifikace. K jejímu definitivnímu potvrzení bude však potřeba dalšího výzkumu.
Doing (food) without meat? Accomplishing substitution and qualifying substitutes in household food practices
Authors: Volden Johannes
Published: August 2023

Excessive meat consumption is associated with environmental, ethical and public health concerns. Substituting meat with plant-based alternatives has been located as a key strategy for consumers to reduce their meat intake. While a growing body of research seeks to measure consumers’ acceptance of substitute foods, less attention has been paid to how meat substitution is organised through everyday practices. Based on 50 interviews with consumers with varying levels of meat consumption in Norway, this paper explores how substitution is accomplished in everyday life, and how substitutes are leveraged in the project of meat reduction. A theoretical framework connecting theories of social practice and food qualification allowed investigating substitution as a contextually contingent process rather than the outcome of a simple product swap. The paper finds that many participants were open to the idea of meat substitution, and meatless meals could be acceptable and often desirable. However, substitution was complicated by a prevalent scepticism towards prefabricated substitute products and lacking competence to provide home-cooked alternatives fulfilling expectations in established food practices. The paper argues that ‘qualifying’ foods as substitutes depends on a range of factors beyond the material reconstruction of meatiness present in prefabricated products, problematising the idea of substitution as a straightforward strategy for meat reduction so long as consumers are motivated and/or have access to plant-based options. Shifting consumption from meat to plant-based alternatives require fundamental changes in the organisation of food environments and eating practices beyond measures targeting consumer attitudes or increasing the availability of convenient substitute products.
Geometric phase and photonic spin Hall effect in thin films with architected columnar morphology
Authors: Das Akash , Mandal Soumen , Fiallo Ricardo A. , Horn Mark W. , Lakhtakia Akhlesh , Pradhan Manik
Published: August 2023

We have detected spin-dependent splitting of light, the signature of the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE), via quantum weak measurements on two types of thin films with architected columnar morphology. Specifically, we fabricated columnar thin films comprising parallel tilted nanocolumns and chiral sculptured thin films comprising parallel upright nanohelices by resistively heating zinc selenide (ZnSe) in a low-pressure chamber and collecting the collimated vapor flux of ZnSe on planar substrates with dynamically varying orientation. The architected columnar morphology creates a spin-dependent geometric Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase corresponding to the evolution of polarization states on the Poincaré sphere. Morphology-controlled anisotropy and spatial inhomogeneity result in the depolarization and optical rotation of incident plane-polarized light, and intrinsic spin-precession coupling with the propagation vector, contributing to the efficient generation and two-dimensional manipulation of both in-plane and out-of-plane spin splitting and steering the PB phase in the propagation process. The first experimental observations of widely tailorable PSHE and PB phase in thin films with architected columnar morphology may lead to new applications ranging from spin-controlled nanophotonics to optoelectronic devices for quantum information processing and optical communication.
Development of a two-beveled-fiber polarized fiber-optic Raman probe coupled with a ball lens for in vivo superficial epithelial Raman measurements in endoscopy
Authors: Wang Jianfeng , Chen Shuyu , Zhang Ruoyu , Lin Kan , Wang Tao , Liu Wenxiang , Zhang AiJun
Published: August 2023

We report on the development of a two-beveled-fiber polarized (TBFP) fiber-optic Raman probe coupled with a ball lens for in vivo superficial epithelial Raman measurements in endoscopy. The two-beveled fibers positioned symmetrically along a ball lens, in synergy with paired parallel-polarized polarizers integrated between the fibers and the ball lens, maximize the Raman signal excitation and collection from the superficial epithelium where gastrointestinal (GI) precancer arises. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and two-layer tissue phantom experiments show that the probe developed detects ∼90% of the Raman signal from the superficial epithelium. The suitability of the probe developed for rapid (<3 s) superficial epithelial Raman measurements is demonstrated on fresh swine esophagus, stomach, and colon tissues, followed by their differentiation with high accuracies (92.1% for esophagus [sensitivity: 89.3%, specificity: 93.2%], 94.1% for stomach [sensitivity: 86.2%, specificity: 97.2%], and 94.1% for colon [sensitivity: 93.2%, specificity: 94.7%]). The presented results suggest the great potential of the developed probe for enhancing in vivo superficial epithelial Raman measurements in endoscopy.
Sensitive detection and evaluation of ultrafine dust particles with a resonant terahertz metasurface [Invited]
Authors: Lee Geon , Roh Yeeun , Rho Eui Young , Ryu Yong-Sang , Seo Minah
Published: August 2023

We demonstrate efficient and highly sensitive detection methods for ultrafine dust and introduce a controllable evaluation way. Using the nanogaps of terahertz resonant metasurfaces where the terahertz field is greatly enhanced by the squeezed mode volume, the ultrafine dust particles were efficiently detected. The measured signal changes of the resonance can be modified in their spectral shape by the deposited particle concentrations with their effectively changed optical properties. Various resonant metasurfaces were compared and evaluated in terms of their geometrical design, relative gap size to the particle size, and particle concentration. Positioning ultrafine particles into the small nano gaps via the Polydimethylsiloxane film sweeping technique results in further significant changes in measured terahertz optical signal. The proposed method for ultrafine dust detection by photonic metasurface is promising as it guides advanced stages of ultrasensitive terahertz molecule sensors even at the real-world environmentally hazardous particulates both in qualitative and quantitative manners.
Rege-1 promotes C. elegans survival by modulating IIS and TOR pathways
Authors: Tsai Yi-Ting , Chang Chen-Hsi , Tsai Hsin-Yue
Published: August 2023

Metabolic pathways are known to sense the environmental stimuli and result in physiological adjustments. The responding processes need to be tightly controlled. Here, we show that upon encountering P. aeruginosa, C. elegans upregulate the transcription factor ets-4, but this upregulation is attenuated by the ribonuclease, rege-1. As such, mutants with defective REGE-1 ribonuclease activity undergo ets-4-dependent early death upon challenge with P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, mRNA-seq analysis revealed associated global changes in two key metabolic pathways, the IIS (insulin/IGF signaling) and TOR (target of rapamycin) kinase signaling pathways. In particular, failure to degrade ets-4 mRNA in activity-defective rege-1 mutants resulted in upregulation of class II longevity genes, which are suppressed during longevity, and activation of TORC1 kinase signaling pathway. Genetic inhibition of either pathway way was sufficient to abolish the poor survival phenotype in rege-1 worms. Further analysis of ETS-4 ChIP data from ENCODE and characterization of one upregulated class II gene, ins-7, support that the Class II genes are activated by ETS-4. Interestingly, deleting an upregulated Class II gene, acox-1.5, a peroxisome β-oxidation enzyme, largely rescues the fat lost phenotype and survival difference between rege-1 mutants and wild-types. Thus, rege-1 appears to be crucial for animal survival due to its tight regulation of physiological responses to environmental stimuli. This function is reminiscent of its mammalian ortholog, Regnase-1, which modulates the intestinal mTORC1 signaling pathway.
Rotavirus vaccine product switch in Ghana: An assessment of service delivery costs, switching costs, and cost-effectiveness
Authors: Owusu Richmond , Mvundura Mercy , Nonvignon Justice , Armah George , Bawa John , Antwi-Agyei Kwadwo Odei , Amponsa-Achiano Kwame , Dadzie Frederick , Bonsu George , Clark Andrew , Pecenka Clint , Debellut Frederic
Published: August 2023

Ghana introduced rotavirus vaccine (ROTARIX 1-dose presentation) into the routine national immunization program in 2012 and switched to a different product (ROTAVAC 5-dose presentation) in 2020. ROTAVAC has a lower price per dose (US$0.85 versus US$2.15 for ROTARIX) and smaller cold chain footprint but requires more doses per regimen (three versus two). This study estimates the supply chain and service delivery costs associated with each product, the costs involved in switching products, and compares the cost-effectiveness of both products over the next ten years. We estimated the supply chain and service delivery costs associated with ROTARIX and ROTAVAC (evaluating both the 5-dose and 10-dose presentations) using primary data collected from health facilities in six of the 14 regions in the country. We estimated the costs of switching from ROTARIX to ROTAVAC using information collected from key informant interviews and financial records provided by the government. All costs were reported in 2020 US$. We used the UNIVAC decision-support model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness (US$ per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted from government and societal perspectives) of ROTARIX and ROTAVAC (5-dose or 10-dose presentations) compared to no vaccination, and to each other, over a ten-year period (2020 to 2029). We ran probabilistic sensitivity analyses and other threshold analyses. The supply chain and service delivery economic cost per dose was $2.40 for ROTARIX, $1.81 for ROTAVAC 5-dose, and $1.76 for ROTAVAC 10-dose. The financial and economic cost of switching from ROTARIX to ROTAVAC 5-dose was $453,070 and $883,626, respectively. Compared to no vaccination, the cost per DALY averted was $360 for ROTARIX, $298 for ROTAVAC 5-dose, and $273 for ROTAVAC 10-dose. ROTAVAC 10-dose was the most cost-effective option and would be cost-effective at willingness-to-pay thresholds exceeding 0.12 times the national GDP per capita ($2,206 in the year 2020). The switch from ROTARIX to ROTAVAC 5-dose in 2020 was cost-saving. Rotavirus vaccination is highly cost-effective in Ghana. A switch from ROTAVAC 5-dose to ROTAVAC 10-dose would be cost-saving and should be considered.
Augmenting progress on the elimination of vertical transmissions of HIV in India: Insights from Spectrum-based HIV burden estimations
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Das Chinmoyee , Das Udayabhanu , Kumar Arvind , Priyam Nidhi , Ranjan Varsha , Sahu Damodar , Rai Sanjay K. , Godbole Sheela V. , Arumugam Elangovan , PVM Lakshmi , Dutta Shanta , Devi H. Sanayaima , Pandey Arvind , Reddy Dandu Chandra Sekhar , Mehendale Sanjay , Rajan Shobini
Published: August 2023

The government of India has adopted the elimination of vertical transmission of HIV as one of the five high-level goals under phase V of the National AIDS and STD Control Programme (NACP). In this paper, we present the data from HIV estimations 2021 for India and select States detailing the progress as well as the attributable causes for vertical transmissions. The NACP spearheads work on mathematical modelling to estimate HIV burden based on the periodically conducted sentinel surveillance for guiding program implementation and policymaking. Using the results of the latest round of HIV Estimations in 2021, we analysed the mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) during the perinatal and postnatal (breastfeeding) period. In 2021, overall, around 5,000 [3,000–7,800] vertical transmissions were estimated nationally with 58% being perinatal infections and remaining during breastfeeding. MTCT at 6 weeks was around 12.95% [9.45–16.02] with the final transmission rate at 24.25% [18.50–29.50]. Overall, 57% of vertical transmissions were among HIV-positive mothers who did not receive ART during pregnancy or breastfeeding, 19% among mothers who dropped off ART during pregnancy or delivery, and 18% among mothers who were infected during pregnancy or breastfeeding. There were significant variations between States. Depending upon the States, the programme needs to focus on the intervention domains of timely engagement in antenatal care-HIV testing-ART initiation as well as programme retention and adherence support. Equally important would be strengthening the strategic information to generate related evidence for inputting India and State-specific parameters improving the MTCT-related modelled estimates.
Ooencyrtus pitosina (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)–A natural enemy of Samoan swallowtail butterfly Papilio godeffroyi (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Authors: Polaszek Andrew , Noyes John S. , Lugli Elena B. , Schmaedick Mark A. , Peck Robert W. , Banko Paul C. , Fusu Lucian
Published: August 2023

A new species of encyrtid wasp,Ooencyrtus pitosinaPolaszek, Noyes & Fususp. n.,(Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae: Encyrtinae) is described as a gregarious parasitoid in the eggs of the endemic Samoan swallowtail butterflyPapilio godeffroyi(Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) in the Samoan archipelago. It is described here because it is an important natural enemy of this butterfly, and to facilitate identification for future work with this parasitoid and its host.
Management of plant nutrient dynamics under alkaline soils through graded application of pressmud and gypsum
Authors: Dotaniya M. L. , Meena M. D. , Choudhary R. L. , Meena M. K. , Singh Harvir , Dotaniya C. K. , Meena L. K. , Doutaniya R. K. , Meena K. N. , Jat R. S. , Rai P. K.
Published: August 2023

An incubation experiment was conducted to monitor the effect of different organic matter inputs with the graded application of gypsum at different time intervals on soil pH, sodium (Na) content and available plant nutrients like nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) in alkaline soil. The experiment was formulated with nine treatments, i.e. control (T1), recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) (T2), RDF+Gyp1 (T3), RDF+FYM5+Gyp2 (T4), RDF+FYM10+Gyp1 (T5), RDF+PM5+Gyp2 (T6), RDF+PM10+Gyp1 (T7), RDF+FYM2.5+PM2.5+Gyp2 (T8), RDF+FYM5+PM5+Gyp1 (T9) with three replications. Periodical soil samples were taken at six and twelve months intervals. Results showed that the addition of organic matter reduced the pH and Na content in the soil. More reduction was observed at one year period as compared to six months. The addition of farmyard manure (FYM) and pressmud (PM) at 10 t/ha with gypsum (1 t/ha) improved available N and available S content as compared to organic inputs (5 t/ha) with gypsum (2 t/ha) in soil. Pressmud application with FYM showed better availability of plant nutrients and a reduction of soil pH (8.39 to 7.79) and Na content from 626 to 391 mEq/L in the soil during the incubation period. During the study, the application of treatment T9 (FYM and PM in equal ratio with 1 t/ha gypsum) showed a better availability of available N (175 to 235 kg/ha) and S (15.44 to 23.24 kg/ha) and reduced the active ion concentration of Na. This study is very useful for the management of sodium toxicity, improving soil health and the mineralization rate of organic matter through the application of organic inputs for sustainable crop production.
Sp1 mediated the inhibitory effect of glutamate on pulmonary surfactant synthesis
Authors: Li Xiao-Hong , Fu Jie-Jun , Shi Xiao-Juan , Zhang Yun-Na , Shao Min , Yue Shao-Jie , Li Chen , Luo Zi-Qiang
Published: August 2023

Background

Studies have shown that the release of endogenous glutamate (Glu) participates in lung injury by activating N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), but the mechanism is still unclear. This study was to investigate the effects and related mechanisms of Glu on the lipid synthesis of pulmonary surfactant (PS) in isolated rat lung tissues.

Methods

The cultured lung tissues of adult SD rats were treated with Glu. The amount of [3H]-choline incorporation into phosphatidylcholine (PC) was detected. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the changes of mRNA and protein expression of cytidine triphosphate: phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase alpha (CCTα), a key regulatory enzyme in PC biosynthesis. Western blot was used to detect the expression of NMDAR1, which is a functional subunit of NMDAR. Specific protein 1 (Sp1) expression plasmids were used. After transfected with Sp1 expression plasmids, the mRNA and protein levels of CCTα were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot in A549 cells. After treated with NMDA and MK-801, the mRNA and protein levels of Sp1 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot in A549 cells.

Results

Glu decreased the incorporation of [3H]-choline into PC in a concentration- and time- dependent manner. Glu treatment significantly reduced the mRNA and protein levels of CCTα in lungs. Glu treatment up-regulated NMDAR1 protein expression, and the NMDAR blocker MK-801 could partially reverse the reduction of [3H]-choline incorporation induced by Glu (10−4 mol/L) in lungs. After transfected with Sp1 plasmid for 30 h, the mRNA and protein expression levels of CCTα were increased and the protein expression of Sp1 was also up-regulated. After A549 cells were treated with NMDA, the level of Sp1 mRNA did not change significantly, but the expression of nucleus protein in Sp1 was significantly decreased, while the expression of cytoplasmic protein was significantly increased. However, MK-801could reverse these changes.

Conclusions

Glu reduced the biosynthesis of the main lipid PC in PS and inhibited CCTα expression by activating NMDAR, which were mediated by the inhibition of the nuclear translocation of Sp1 and the promoter activity of CCTα. In conclusion, NMDAR-mediated Glu toxicity leading to impaired PS synthesis may be a potential pathogenesis of lung injury.
Implementing a physical activity project for people with dementia in Germany–Identification of barriers and facilitator using consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR): A qualitative study
Authors: Cardona Maria Isabel , Monsees Jessica , Schmachtenberg Tim , Grünewald Anna , Thyrian Jochen René
Published: August 2023

Background

Despite physical activity (PA) health benefits, people with dementia (PwD) continue to report low levels of PA engagement compared with healthy older adults. Evidencing that PA initiatives still not reflect effective practice and outcomes. Previous studies have shown that several factors can mediate PA initiatives implementation in this population. However, most prior research have not use implementation science frameworks to outline in-depth barriers and facilitators that enables improved PA strategies in PwD. Therefore, a more holistic understanding of mediating factors is still needed.

Objective

To identify multilevel barriers and facilitator factors, applying the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to orient a systematic evaluation of one PA project in PwD and provide evidence-based evaluation results to enhance PA implementation efforts for PwD.

Method

A qualitative study implemented in 4 German sports associations that applied a PA project for PwD. A total of 13 semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 participants, project leaders (PLs) and sports trainers (STs). The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used as an evaluation framework to orient both the data collection and analysis.

Results

A total of 13 interviews were conducted with 21 participants. The CFIR guided the identification of barriers and facilitating factors that need to be targeted at different levels for successful implementation. Barriers were identified, especially in the external level, as more solid networks and funding for sustainable proposals are still needed. Other barriers were low participation rates, stigma around the disease and the COVID 19 pandemic. On an individual and structural level facilitators were found like motivated appointed leaders, established planning process, and external organizations supporting sports associations in the implementation.

Conclusion

Sports projects for PwD can benefit from structuring their interventions based on the CFIR framework as it helps identify multilevel factors that may influence their success and promote PA among PwD. Future efforts should continue working on implementing frameworks that facilitate and reduce the complexity of implementing sustainable PA projects for PwD.
Refractory inflammatory arthritis definition and model generated through patient and multi-disciplinary professional modified Delphi process
Authors: Chaplin Hema , Bosworth Ailsa , Simpson Carol , Wilkins Kate , Meehan Jessica , Nikiphorou Elena , Moss-Morris Rona , Lempp Heidi , Norton Sam
Published: August 2023

Objective

Various definitions have been proposed for Refractory Disease in people with Rheumatoid Arthritis; however, none were generated for Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis or involving adult and paediatric multidisciplinary healthcare professionals and patients. The study aim is to redefine Refractory Disease, using Delphi methodology.

Methods

Three rounds of surveys (one nominal group and two online (2019–2020)) to achieve consensus using a predetermined cut-off were conducted voting on: a) name, b) treatment and inflammation, c) symptoms and impact domains, and d) rating of individual components within domains. Theoretical application of the definition was conducted through a scoping exercise.

Results

Votes were collected across three rounds from Patients, Researchers and nine multi-disciplinary healthcare professional groups (n = 106). Refractory Inflammatory Arthritis was the most popular name. Regarding treatment and inflammation, these were voted to be kept broad rather than specifying numbers/cut-offs. From 10 domains identified to capture symptoms and disease impact, six domains reached consensus for inclusion: 1) Disease Activity, 2) Joint Involvement, 3) Pain, 4) Fatigue, 5) Functioning and Quality of Life, and 6) Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drug Experiences. Within these domains, 18 components, from an initial pool (n = 73), were identified as related and important to capture multi-faceted presentation of Refractory Inflammatory Arthritis, specifically in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Feasibility of the revised definition was established (2022–2023) with good utility as was applied to 82% of datasets (n = 61) incorporating 20 outcome measures, with two further measures added to increase its utility and coverage of Pain and Fatigue.

Conclusion

Refractory Inflammatory Arthritis has been found to be broader than not achieving low disease activity, with wider biopsychosocial components and factors incorporating Persistent Inflammation or Symptoms identified as important. This definition needs further refinement to assess utility as a classification tool to identify patients with unmet needs.
A retrospective evaluation of the effect of oclacitinib (Apoquel) administration on development of surgical site infection following clean orthopedic stifle surgery
Authors: Motz Alyssa K. , St. Germaine Lindsay L. , Hoffmann Daniel E. , Sung Jed
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of oclacitinib (Apoquel) on development of surgical site infections in canines following clean orthopedic stifle surgery. Medical records of dogs undergoing unilateral, clean orthopedic stifle procedures were retrospectively examined for development of post-operative surgical site infections. Data collected for statistical analysis included age, sex, body weight, current medications, anesthesia and surgery times, white blood cell count, and neutrophil count. Surgical site infections were identified in 8.7% (34/390) of stifle procedures– 8.0% (29/364) in dogs not treated with oclacitinib and 19.2% (5/26) in dogs treated with oclacitinib (p = 0.053). There was a significant difference in development of surgical site infection in dogs with longer anesthesia times (p = 0.003) and higher body weights (p = 0.037). Dogs being treated with oclacitinib at the time of clean, orthopedic stifle surgery did not have a significantly higher incidence of surgical site infections. However, client education regarding risk of infection and increased patient monitoring post-operatively are recommended, especially in patients with increased body weight or longer anesthetic times.
MEMBANGUN KAMPUNG ADAT DAN JUGA MELAWAN INVESTASI: ARTIKULASI ADAT DI KABUPATEN JAYAPURA, PAPUA
Authors: Suryawan I Ngurah
Published: August 2023

Artikel ini bertitik tolak dari argumen yang ditawarkan oleh Li (2000) bahwa mengartikulasikan adat sarat dengan berbagai kepentingan sekaligus juga pemihakan. Artikulasi adat di Kabupaten Jayapura menunjukkan dua sisi yang saling bertentangan. Artikulasi adat untuk pembentukan kampung adat berelasi dengan komitmen Pemerintah Kabupaten Jayapura untuk pemberdayaan dan mengangkat jati diri masyarakat adat dengan bekerjasama dengan aktivis dan organisasi masyarakat sipil. Sedangkan artikulasi adat yang dilakukan oleh ORPA (Organisasi Perempuan Adat) Suku Namblong yang berada di bawah DAS (Dewan Adat Suku Namblong) berjuang untuk melawan investasi sawit yang masuk ke wilayah mereka yang sering disebut Lembah Grime, Kabupaten Jayapura. Kedua artikulasi adat tersebut menunjukkan bahwa menggunakan wacana dan praktik adat menjadi sangat lentur dan kompleks. Konteks struktur ekonomi politik kampung juga menjadi tantangan dan berdampak penting bagi artikulasi adat itu diterjemahkan.  Argumen artikel ini adalah perlunya melihat adat sebagai sebentuk gerakan yang di dalamnya kompleksitas, kolaborasi, dan keterlibatan komunitas adat dalam memposisikan dirinya untuk terlibat dalam gerakan sosial yang lebih luas.
Kontestasi Nasionalisme Papua: Tantangan, Refleksi Sosiobiologis, Dinamika, dan Transisi Modernitas
Authors: Sudira I Nyoman
Published: August 2023

Terdapat dua faktor penyebab terjadinya kontestasi nasionalisme Papua dengan Indonesia, pertama orang Papua mulai benar-benar menyadari akan identitasnya, kesadaran ini disebabkan oleh adanya serangan dari kelompok lain atau bisa juga karena seruan pemimpin mereka. Kedua, orang Papua merasa marah mengenai ketidak setaraan status mereka pada saat mereka membandingkan kelompoknya dengan kelompok yang lain. Konsep dan teori yang dirasa penting terkait kedua faktor disebut diatas menjadi fokus pembahasan dalam tulisan ini.   Segitiga Kontestasi menjadi dasar penjelasan mengenai tingkatan kontestasi, sedangkan penguatan nasionalisme Papua dijelaskan melalui pandangan primordialisme, instrumentalisme, dan modernisasi.
RELASI KELOMPOK ETNIK ANTAR-ORANG KAYO PULAU DENGAN KELOMPOK ETNIK LAINNYA DI KOTA JAYAPURA PROVINSI PAPUA
Authors: Lekitoo Hanro Yonathan
Published: August 2023

Kelompok etnik Kayo Pulau dan kelompok etnik asli lainnya di teluk Humboldt, Kota Jayapura adalah rumpun kelompok etnik yang oleh Keesing disebut sebagai masyarakat tribal, masyarakat tanpa ekonomi sentral dan politik sentral. Kelompok etnik di sana dapat dikategorikan sebagai masyarakat pra-industri oleh Lewellen, dengan tipe masyarakat yang oleh Fried disebut rank society. Sejarah Perang Dunia Kedua membawa kelompok-kelompok etnik di Kota Jayapura segera masuk dalam dunia modern, di mana  kehadiran Tentara Jepang 1942 dan Sekutu 1944 membuka berbagai infrastruktur perang di sana. Setelah hengkangnya Pemerintah Belanda, dan Papua kembali ke Pangkuan NKRI 1963, hingga kini Kota Jayapura menjadi salah satu daerah yang lebih maju dan sangat polietnik, oleh karena itu sering disebut sebagai Indonesia mini.              Kajian mengenai relasi antar-kelompok etnik dilakukan di Kampung Kayo Pulau kira-kira tiga tahun lamanya, yakni 2015-2018. Penelitan dengan metode etnografi, di mana teknik observasi partisipasi, wawancara, serta studi literatur dari berbagai sumber digunakan. Analisis selain Kampung Kayo Pulau, juga diangkat ke tingkat Kota Jayapura dan Kabupaten Jayapura di mana karakter sosial budaya penduduknya mirip.                        Konsep utama yang dipakai pada kajian ini adalah konsep etnisitas dari Barth dan Eriksen, di mana  relasi antar-etnik bersifat mencair dan konstruktif. Namun demikian penekanan dari Barth lebih pada relasi individu dan keluarga dalam perspektif ekologi dan demografi. Sedangkan Eriksen lebih kepada konteks kesejarahan. Dalam kaitan relasi antar-etnik orang Kayo Pulau dengan kelompok etnik lainnya di Kota Jayapura, saya mencermati empat konteks, yakni kekerabatan, ekonomi, politik dan keagamaan. Dalam kaitan dengan keempat konteks tersebut, sifat inklusif orang Kayo Pulau dan kelompok-kelompok etnik asli di Kota Jayapura yang mana selalu mencari persamaan dan merangkul kelompok etnik lainnya, merupakan nilai-nilai penting dalam mempertahankan kehidupan yang toleran dan harmonis.            Kini penduduk asli Kota Jayapura hanya 3,71 persen dari seluruh penduduk Kota Jayapura. selain itu  khusus orang Kayo Pulau di kampungnya hanya 24,6 persen dibanding dengan kaum migran luar Kayo Pulau yang tinggal di kampung tersebut. Namun mereka mampu bertahan dan beradaptasi di tengah pusaran modernisasi, dan dalam konteks masyarakat yang polietnik serta berbagai tuntutan kehidupan dengan mengedepankan relasi antar-kelompok etnik, baik dalam konteks kekerabatan, ekonomi, politik dan keagamaan.
Cultivating cultural capital with a therapy dog in a third-grade classroom
Authors: Hlava Terri
Published: August 2023

This article examines interactions between humans and animals in an elementary school environment in the south-west of the United States and investigates an under-examined area of social pedagogy, sharing some of the ways that a canine in the classroom can help to improve education. The goal was to co-create community and hold space for young learners to engage with the curriculum in new and innovative ways, drawing on their unique funds of identity and cultural and linguistic capital. The article explores how the involvement of a therapy dog in a third-grade classroom over the course of nine weeks addressed the effects of linguicism and offers examples of a cross-species opportunity to make school more inviting, particularly for students who are segregated based on their language. This work took place in a Title I school in a neighbourhood where many families have low incomes and most children are fluent in languages other than English. These children became teachers and the dog learned to read.
J. Milton Johnston, Founder and Editor of the First Exclusively Optometric Periodical
Authors: Goss David A.
Published: August 2023

J. Milton Johnston (1844-1930) founded and edited a periodical titled The Johnston Eye Echo. The bi-monthly periodical was the first with content that was exclusively optometric. This article contains a brief biographical sketch and discusses the 1892 book, which compiled and expanded upon some of the material that Johnston published in the periodical.
Q Pedagogy: Bringing Students’ Subjectivity into the Design of Instruction
Authors: Rieber Lloyd P.
Published: August 2023

Q pedagogy is a teaching approach that values the subjective viewpoints of students and incorporates them into the design of instruction. Q pedagogy is an instructional adaption of Q methodology, a research methodology first developed in the 1930s by Dr. William Stephenson to study people’s subjectivity. Q methodology uses a special data collection technique called a Q sort to capture a snapshot of a person’s subjectivity toward a given topic. The Q sort data of class participants are then factor analyzed to reveal groupings or clusters (i.e., factors) of students who share similar viewpoints. Next, the instructor designs a follow-up classroom activity, such as small- and large-group discussions, to help students understand and appreciate the different points of view held by their classmates and to support the goals of the lesson. A fictional design story is presented in this article to introduce Q pedagogy and explain how to implement it.
ANALYSIS OF THE PROBABILITY OF BANKRUPTCY OF A HEAT SUPPLY ORGANIZATION UNDER THE COST APPROACH OF TARIFF REGULATION
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, USANOV ALEXANDER , ISTOMINA OKSANA ,   LLS Teplobytservis, PLYASOVA SVETLANA ,   University “Synergy”
Published: August 2023

The article considers the cost approach of tariff regulation in heat supply. The analysis of the solvency and probability of bankruptcy of the heat supply organization in conjunction with the current tariff policy has been carried out. The prospects for improving the legislative regulation of pricing in heat supply have been studied.
APPLICATION OF CUTTER–JORDAN–BOSSEN METHOD FOR DATA HIDING IN THE IMAGE SPATIAL AREA
Authors:   Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nicolay Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russia, Zhigalov I.E. , Ozerova M.I. ,   Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nicolay Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russia, Evstigneev A.V. ,   Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nicolay Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russia
Published: August 2023

The article deals with the main methods of digital steganography and presents a classification scheme. Special attention is paid to Cutter–Jordan–Bossen method for hiding data in the spatial area of the image. Aim. The study of digital shorthand methods, as well as the assessment of their applicability for hiding information in images. The main task is to analyze the Cutter–Jordan–Bossen method for hiding data in the spatial area of the image and evaluate its effectiveness under various conditions. Materials and methods. In this work, various methods of digital shorthand were used, including the Cutter–Jordan–Bossen method. Images of various types and quality, as well as various embedding parameters were used for testing. Results. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the Cutter–Jordan–Bossen method is effective for hiding information in the spatial area of the image. The dependence of the data extraction quality on the embedding parameters was tested, which showed that the optimal parameters depend on the type of image and its quality. The resistance of the information hidden by this method to distortion during compression was also tested. The test results showed that JPEG compression, even at low and high energy values, leads to the destruction of information hidden in the container. It was found that the best results are achieved when using the Cutter–Jordan–Bossen method with optimal embedding parameters, which allows you to save hidden information when compressing an image. Conclusion. In conclusion, we can say that the study of digital shorthand methods and their application to conceal information in images is an urgent and important topic. The Cutter–Jordan–Bossen method has shown good results in hiding information in the spatial area of the image, but for each specific case it is necessary to choose the optimal embedding parameters. It was found that JPEG compression can significantly affect the quality of information extraction, so it is necessary to take this factor into account when choosing a method for hiding data in an image. In general, the study of digital shorthand techniques and their application to conceal information in images can be useful for various fields, such as the protection of confidential information and digital watermark.