bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PSX-29 Evaluation of a vaccine in sheep to control foot rot in the Southeast
Authors: Hersom Matt J , Miller Maggie
Published: September 2024

Foot rot in sheep is a condition that can affect performance and well-being. Reactive therapeutic injectable antibiotic treatment (RTA) can be effective at resolving foot rot but often requires serial treatment of animals. RTA does not facilitate the animal industry goals of decreased antibiotic use in food producing animals. Our object was to evaluate if vaccinating ewes against foot rot prior to the onset of a wet season would decrease the number of ewes that experience foot rot, the number of ewes treated, and the number of treatments in affected ewes compared with RTA only. At weaning, Suffolk and Texel ewes (n = 80) were blocked by breed, age, foot rot status, and body weight (BW). Ewes were randomly allocated one of two treatments: Control ewes were monitored for foot rot and administered RTA to treat foot rot symptoms, or Vaccine ewes were administered a foot rot vaccine and boosted 42 d later and subsequently monitored for foot rot symptoms. Ewes were scored for foot rot using an index of lameness, incidence, and severity scoring. An index score of 3 indicated a foot rot event and resulted in RTA of intramuscular administration long acting oxytetracyline. Ewes not responding to the initial RTA received a macrolide antibiotic administered (Tulathromycin or Gamithromycin) at the label dose. Body weight and body condition score (BCS) were collected from ewes on d -1, 0, 51, 134, and 185. Locomotion, incidence, and severity scores were collected on the same dates. Ewe BW, BCS, and were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS. Incidence of locomotion, incidence, severity, treatments, and index were analyzed using Glimmix procedure of SAS to determine odd ratio estimates. Neither ewe BW nor BCS were affected by vaccination treatment (P ≥ 0.85). Control ewes were 2.35, 1.96, 1.83, 2.23 and 2.69 times more likely (P ≤ 0.008) to have greater locomotion, incidence, severity, index scores respectively, and were 2.69 times more likely (P = 0.001) to require RTA compared with ewes that were vaccinated. Total cost for RTA were $110 greater for Control than Vaccine group because of a greater number of treatments. However, total costs and $/ewe cost were greater for the Vaccine group because of vaccine and RTA costs. The value of decreased incidence of foot rot in the Vaccine group is not captured in this analysis. The foot rot vaccine decreased the measures of foot rot and fewer RTA in vaccinated mature ewes, which supports the food animal industry goal of decreased antibiotic use. However, the price of the vaccine does create an economic disincentive unless other economic benefits can be valued.
PSVII-26 Metaproteomic assessment of pre- and post-weaned pigs reveals the microbial protein dynamics involved in amino acid biosynthesis
Authors: Rivera Israel , Harlow KaLynn , Cole Robert N , O’Meally Robert , Garret Wesley , Xiong Weili , Oliver William T , Wells Jim E , Summers Katie , Postnikova Olga , Davies Cary P
Published: September 2024

The digestion, absorption, and metabolism of amino acids has an indispensable role in the growth, immunity, and intestinal development of pigs. The gut microbiota contributes to the generation of amino acids which can be used by the host and may compensate for the lack of essential amino acids in the diet. Disruptions to the homeostatic balance of the microbial community can lead to changes in the metabolic profile and have been associated with increased susceptibility to intestinal diseases. Due to dietary and physiological changes, microbial dysbiosis is common at weaning and alterations to the gut microbiota can affect the synthesis of amino acids that are critical to many host processes. Hence, it is imperative we understand the metabolism of amino acids in piglets during the weaning transition and identify the microbes involved in the production of these organic compounds. Using healthy pigs in combination with metaproteome analysis, we evaluated the abundance of microbial proteins involved in the synthesis of amino acids in response to weaning. Our results show that microbial proteins associated with the production of L-aspartate/L-asparagine and the essential amino acid L-arginine were greater in nursing pigs in comparison with post-wean pigs. Notably, proteins involved in the biosynthesis of the limiting amino acids, L-lysine and L-threonine were elevated in post-weaned individuals and the genus Anaerovibrio displayed the greatest contribution to protein abundance. Production of the amino acids L-serine/glycine, and the essential branched-chain amino acids L-valine and L-isoleucine remained abundant in both timepoints regardless of the day of sampling. In general, microbes from the orders Bacteroidales (genera: Bacteroides), Eubacteriales (Subdoligranulum) and Lachnospirales (Eisenbergiella) were the principal producers of amino acids in nursing pigs, whereas the orders Selenomonadales (Mitsuokella), Bacteroidales (Muribaculum and Prevotella) contributed to amino acid synthesis after weaning. This study demonstrates how weaning impacts the abundance of proteins involved in amino acid biosynthesis and identifies microbial members that can serve as candidates for probiotic applications and other therapeutics.
Feasibility and acceptability of a telehealth, individually-tailored healthy lifestyle intervention for adolescent and young adult pediatric cancer survivors
Authors: Faith Melissa A , Schimmel-Bristow Allison , Boone Dianna M , Johnston Julia D , Henschen Elizabeth , Beaupin Lynda , Sobalvarro Sarah
Published: September 2024

Objective

Poor nutrition and physical activity pose negative health risks for adolescent and young adult pediatric cancer survivors (AYACS). Our pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluated feasibility and acceptability of a telehealth intervention (ENHANCE) supporting AYACS’ nutrition and physical activity.

Methods

We randomized 58 AYACS and their adult care partner, when applicable, to the ENHANCE or control condition. Inclusion required an age of 15–25 years, previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy, and no eating disorder history. We utilized a 2:1 (ENHANCE [n = 35]: control [n = 23]) double-blind block randomization protocol in blocks of 6. ENHANCE comprised 12 (60-min) sessions that included education, skill-building, and values-based healthy lifestyle decision-making. The first five sessions included motivational interviewing and the final seven sessions included problem-solving training/goal setting. We evaluated feasibility based on eligibility, enrollment, attrition, and study completion percentages. We assessed fidelity using the Session Content-Fidelity Rating Tool and the Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity Coding form. We assessed acceptability using the Abbreviated Acceptability Rating Profile, the Revised Helping Alliance Questionnaire, and participants’ exit interviews.

Results

ENHANCE was feasible and highly acceptable; all but one participant who started the intervention completed all 12 sessions and all participants reported enjoying the intervention via objective assessment and during exit interviews. Interventionists delivered ENHANCE with high fidelity.

Conclusions

ENHANCE was highly acceptable among AYACS and care partners. The telehealth study design was feasible, suggesting benefits and feasibility of a future, larger, multisite RCT. Promising findings support our methodological decisions as important considerations to inform a larger RCT.
Regulation of Renewable Energy Projects
Authors: Sourgens Frédéric G , Baldwin Edward , Banet Catherine
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores the regulatory framework for transnational renewable energy projects, focusing on the role of independent power producers (IPPs) in driving global renewable energy capacity growth. It details how IPPs fulfil core energy policy needs, highlighting their global significance in the transnational law of renewable energy. It also distinguishes between two approaches for involving IPPs in renewable energy expansion: market-based approaches that emphasize competition and market access and state-based approaches that concentrate on state control over energy markets. The chapter investigates the regulatory challenges of both market-based and state-based approaches, such as issues with unbundling in liberalized markets and transmission access planning. It includes the regulation of private power purchase agreements and the potential for regulatory change to lead to claims of unfair treatment by IPPs.
Tariff and Financial Support Structures in Deregulated Markets
Authors: Sourgens Frédéric G , Baldwin Edward , Banet Catherine
Published: September 2024

This chapter discusses the tariffs and financial support structures for renewable electricity generation, focusing on the decision-making process for power producers when entering a new market. It explores why independent power producers (IPPs) are increasingly gaining access to global energy markets. It also reviews the role of financial support structures and specialized tariffs in deregulated markets when introducing competition and lowering prices, although it may be perceived as distorting the market. The chapter highlights the tension between financial support for renewable energy and the need to internalize the price of emissions into energy consumption. It uses the Texas energy market as a case study and looks at tax credits for carbon emission avoidance, renewable portfolio standards, and feed-in tariffs as tools for supporting renewable developments.
Milky Way and Andromeda analogues from the TNG50 simulation
Authors: Pillepich Annalisa , Sotillo-Ramos Diego , Ramesh Rahul , Nelson Dylan , Engler Christoph , Rodriguez-Gomez Vicente , Fournier Martin , Donnari Martina , Springel Volker , Hernquist Lars
Published: September 2024

We present the properties of Milky Way- and Andromeda-like (MW/M31-like) galaxies simulated within TNG50, the highest resolution run of the IllustrisTNG suite of lambda-cold dark matter magnetohydrodynamical simulations. We introduce our fiducial selection for MW/M31 analogues, which we propose for direct usage as well as for reference in future analyses. TNG50 contains 198 MW/M31 analogues, that is, galaxies with stellar discy morphology, with a stellar mass in the range of $M_* = 10^{10.5 - 11.2}~\rm {\rm M}_{\odot }$, and within an MW-like 500 kpc-scale environment at $z=0$. These are resolved with baryonic (dark matter) mass resolution of $8.5\times 10^4\rm {\rm M}_{\odot }$ ($4.5\times 10^5\rm {\rm M}_{\odot }$) and $\sim 150$ pc of average gas spatial resolution in the star-forming regions. The majority of TNG50 MW/M31 analogues at $z=0$ exhibit a bar, 60 per cent are star-forming, the sample includes three Local Group-like systems, and a number of galaxies host one or more satellites as massive as, for example, the Magellanic Clouds. Even within such a relatively narrow selection, TNG50 reveals a great diversity in galaxy and halo properties, as well as in past histories. Within the TNG50 sample, it is possible to identify several simulated galaxies whose integral and structural properties are consistent, one or more at a time, with those measured for the Galaxy and Andromeda. With this paper, we document and release a series of broadly applicable data products that build upon the IllustrisTNG public release and aim to facilitate easy access and analysis by public users. These include datacubes across snapshots ($0 \le z \le 7$) for each TNG50 MW/M31-like galaxy, and a series of value-added catalogues.
Eccentric Renaissance
Authors: Barber Charles
Published: September 2024

Eccentric Renaissance shapes a distinct perspective on late-sixteenth century European painting thanks to its focus on the Greek colonial culture of Venetian Crete. Leading artists on the island immersed themselves in the world of contemporary Italian painting. In response, they developed self-conscious manners of painting that hover between the traditions of Byzantine painting and the art of the Early Modern Mediterranean. El Greco defined his work as a Greek alternative to the Vasarian account of art’s history. Michaēl Damaskēnos’s late paintings address the unresolved differences that may be found in a colonial society. Geōrgios Klontzas confronted the plague and the threat of Ottoman conquest by interweaving oracular and apocalyptic imagery into the history of his own times. These eccentric perspectives led to the creation of works of art that confronted their times with great originality.
Introduction
Authors: Barber Charles
Published: September 2024

The chapters in this study focus upon three Cretan painters at work in the early 1590s: Domēnikos Theotokopoulos (commonly known as El Greco), Geōrgios Klontzas, and Michaēl Damaskēnos. This book will focus on the artists’ creations during a brief period—the first few years of the 1590s—when each produced defining works. In the Introduction the reader is introduced to the concept of eccentricity that shapes the arc of this book. This term is presented as a positive perspective that marks a self-conscious understanding of difference. The chapter examines the criticism of El Greco as an eccentric painter and the establishment of a Cretan academy of the Eccentrics. It proposes that eccentricity embodies a Cretan glance that confronted a turbulent world.
Sleep Dysfunction, Night Eating, and Food Addiction
Authors: Nolan Laurence J. , Geliebter Allan
Published: September 2024

Sleep problems such as poor sleep quality, insomnia, and short sleep duration are common and are associated with food addiction. Night eating syndrome (NES), a proposed eating disorder characterized by evening hyperphagia and nocturnal eating, is positively associated with both food addiction and sleep problems. In this article, the methods used to assess food addiction, NES, and sleep problems are described, followed by research on the associations between food addiction, NES, and sleep problems across diverse populations. The associations between food addiction, NES, and sleep problems may be the result of a disruption of the inhibitory control of eating, the enhanced hedonic value of food, and the disturbance of neurophysiological appetite and satiety signals. The relationship between diet and sleep may be reciprocal. There may also be a role for mood, emotional eating, and psychopathology in the relationship between sleep and eating problems.
Food Addiction in Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Sylvain Iceta , Bégin Catherine
Published: September 2024

The relationship between food addiction (FA) and anorexia nervosa (AN) remains poorly documented. In this chapter we aimed to sum the current evidence and perspectives regarding FA and AN. If FA is more prevalent in the binge eating/purging type of AN (ranging from 74% to 86%), restrictive forms are not exempt from such a phenotype (ranging from 42% to 54%). Recent studies suggested that the presence of an FA phenotype in patients with AN can be related to a higher severity and higher comorbidities. In patient with a restrictive subtype of AN (AN-R), the presence of an FA phenotype may indicate a subtype closer to binge-purge subtype (AN-BP) and a potential higher transition risk to this subtype. Among AN-R patients it may also reflect a subjective impression of loss of control over food rather than an objective one. Current evidence is limited regarding potential common mechanisms or shared vulnerability factors between AN and FA, especially regarding neurocognitive process. Significant efforts are needed to establish the potential common mechanism between FA and AN. Applying a dimensions approach (e.g., the Research Domain Criteria matrix proposed by the NIMH) could help to overcome the usual AN-R and AN-BP dichotomy regarding FA in AN. Even if the controversy surrounding whether FA and AN can co-occur remains unsolved, exploring the FA phenotype in AN might be of relevance to establishing a personalized approach and could potentially lead to developing new therapeutic approaches.
Pubertal Development and the Development of Dysregulated Eating
Authors: Mikhail Megan E. , Anaya Carolina , Culbert Kristen M. , Sisk Cheryl L. , Johnson Alexander , Klump Kelly L.
Published: September 2024

This chapter reviews evidence from both human and animal studies with respect to biological factors that influence dysregulated eating during puberty. Sex-specific gonadal hormones (e.g., estradiol, testosterone) play a particularly important role in shaping developmental trajectories and sex differences in dysregulated eating during this crucial developmental stage. In males, androgens appear to interact with genetic predispositions during early puberty to influence later risk for binge eating, while in later puberty, higher circulating testosterone levels are associated with reduced dysregulated eating. In females, both human and animal studies point to a protective effect of pubertal estradiol on risk for binge eating, perhaps particularly in individuals with latent genetic risk. Importantly, biological events during puberty may have lasting implications for risk for dysregulated eating into adulthood. The chapter concludes with future directions for research that integrates psychosocial and biological risk to advance a holistic understanding of dysregulated eating during puberty.
What Foods May Be Addictive?
Authors: LaFata Erica M. , Allison Kelly C. , Forman Evan M.
Published: September 2024

Food addiction is most commonly conceptualized from a substance-use disorder perspective, whereby some individuals exhibit addictive-like responses to certain foods. However, unlike addictive substances, no ingredient in foods has been identified as being responsible for directly motivating future intake and triggering problematic patterns of use in susceptible individuals. Preliminary research in this area has provided insight into which types of foods have the greatest addictive potential and yielded promising areas for future research. The purposes of this chapter are to: (1) make the case that ultra-processed foods share features with addictive drugs and are most associated with indicators of food addiction, (2) review the current state of the literature on which ingredients in ultra-processed foods may exhibit an addictive potential, and (3) outline key next steps in this line of research. In addition to supporting the validity of food addiction as a substance-use disorder, understanding the addictive potentials of specific ingredients in foods has impactful public policy implications, such as informing food reformulations and altering dietary recommendations.
Sugar-sweetened Beverages and Caffeine
Authors: Sigala Desiree M. , Falbe Jennifer
Published: September 2024

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are widely consumed despite strong experimental and observational evidence of serious health harms. A contributing factor may be SSBs’ potentially addictive properties. Although the study of SSBs’ addictive potential is in its infancy, SSBs appear to share a number of characteristics with other addictive substances. First, SSBs are synthesized and manufactured by extracting and concentrating sugar from its original form, similar to ethanol from fruits or opium from poppies. Second, a small body of qualitative, observational, and experimental evidence suggests that SSBs can induce addictive-like response, consistent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) substance use disorder criteria. Third, SSBs have the ability to activate reward-related regions of the brain and physiological responses that can perpetuate consumption. The majority of SSBs on the market contain added caffeine, which may contribute to an addictive-like response. Caffeine withdrawal and intoxication are both clinically recognized in the DSM-5. Experimental research testing effects of caffeinated versus non-caffeinated SSBs has found that caffeine increases SSB consumption. Furthermore, observational studies indicate that caffeinated SSB consumption is associated with greater risk-taking behavior in children and adolescents. Despite their numerous associated health risks, SSBs are freely and widely marketed. Youth, minoritized, and low-income populations are disproportionately exposed to SSB marketing, further contributing to health inequities. Understanding the addictive potential of caffeinated and non-caffeinated SSBs is critical for informing public health policy and regulation, especially regarding children and adolescents, and treatment approaches.
Pharmacotherapy for Obesity that Targets Addictive Mechanisms
Authors: Aras Mohini , Barenbaum Sarah R. , Aronne Louis J.
Published: September 2024

Obesity is a chronic, relapsing disease with rates that have continued to rise despite our medical efforts. Body weight is tightly controlled by the homeostatic and hedonic pathways of the brain that regulate energy balance. The hedonic pathway of eating has similar mechanisms to that of addictive disorders. There are currently four Food and Drug Association (FDA) approved anti-obesity medications (AOMs) for the long-term treatment of obesity that have central effects on the brain that potentially target addictive mechanisms. AOMs are indicated in combination with lifestyle modification in individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 30 kg/m2 or ≥ 27 kg/m2 with a weight-related comorbidity, with the goal of achieving ≥5% of total body weight loss, which renders improvements in these comorbidities.
Food and Addiction
Authors: Rosenberg Anne
Published: September 2024

This personal narrative shares the author’s experience of a relapse of addictive eating, and her participation in, and her experience of the residential treatment center for women that provided support for her continued recovery from food addiction. The important role of support from family, friends, and other individuals in recovery is discussed. The contribution of the food environment is highlighted, including pervasive and aggressive marketing by the food industry, in encouraging and setting up lifelong addictive eating, is exposed. The author’s story underlines the need for specialized treatment approaches to treat problematic eating patterns for individuals with food addiction.
What Lessons for Food Policy Can Be Learned from Tobacco Control?
Authors: Warner Kenneth E.
Published: September 2024

While cigarette smoking continues to exact an enormous death toll, public health initiatives have greatly reduced smoking prevalence in the United States since publication of the first Surgeon General’s report on smoking and health in 1964. In part, this achievement reflects the adoption of policies at all levels of government. Policies demonstrated to have reduced smoking include cigarette taxation, prohibition of smoking in workplaces, marketing restrictions, anti-smoking media campaigns, raising the legal minimum age of purchase to 21, and disseminating evidence-based smoking cessation treatments. Tobacco control experience may have useful policy lessons pertaining to dietary patterns associated with the national epidemic of obesity and the resulting increase in diabetes and other diseases. These patterns include consumption of high-fat, high-salt processed foods, and, simply, ingesting too many calories. Some lessons are obvious and direct. The best example is taxation of junk food and sugar-sweetened beverages. Implemented in a limited number of jurisdictions, such taxes have reduced consumption of the taxed products. The food and cigarette markets share common ground, including similarities in the industries’ “playbooks” to combat policies that will reduce consumption of unhealthy products. However, there are also distinct industry differences. Most notably, food is essential for life, while cigarettes kill half of their lifelong adherents. This chapter explores how experience with selected tobacco control policies may enlighten the effort to diminish the national burden of unhealthy diets, while other effective tobacco policies may prove less relevant to addressing that burden.
Taxes and Warning Labels as Tools to Improve Dietary Quality
Authors: Grummon Anna H. , Roberto Christina A.
Published: September 2024

Food and beverage excise taxes and warning labels are two promising and increasingly popular policies for addressing poor dietary quality and associated chronic diseases. This chapter provides an overview of research on how taxes and warnings influence consumer behavior, the food supply, and population health. First, this chapter describes existing food and beverage taxes, then reviews research on the effects of these taxes on diet and health outcomes, including effects through price increases, signaling, and product reformulation. Next, this chapter describes two types of food and beverage warnings and reviews evidence about warning policies’ potential to influence consumer behavior, spur changes to the food supply, and serve as a basis for other governmental and institutional programs. The chapter concludes with a summary and a discussion of key research needs.
Introduction
Authors: Pintchman Tracy
Published: September 2024

This chapter introduces readers to the structure and content of the book. It explains how the author came to be involved in studying the Parashakthi Temple in the first place. It outlines the nature of the Goddess as shakti (śakti), prakṛti (prakriti), and maya (māyā) and outlines the tenets of Shaktism (śāktism) broadly in Hinduism. It describes the nature of the Tamil goddess Karumariamman, the main goddess worshipped at the Parashakthi Temple, as well as some of the main tenets of Hindu tantra since these are important to understanding the religious dynamics of the Parashakthi Temple. It also explains why the author wrote this book and the rationale for the order of the chapters. Finally, it examines the importance of place in the study of religion and decoloniality as a method, explaining how the book incorporates decolonial concerns.
Sophia Peabody in Cuba
Authors: Fuller Randall
Published: September 2024

Best known as the woman who married Nathaniel Hawthorne, Sophia Peabody Hawthorne (1809–71) before her marriage wrote what many scholars consider the first transcendentalist manuscript while living in Cuba for her health. Two years before Emerson’s Nature (1836), Sophia’s “Cuba Journal” was circulated among a network of New England intellectuals and artists, who appreciated its ecstatic descriptions of tropical sunsets and exotic flora. Anticipating Emerson’s language, Sophia wrote: “[I]t is pure, single Nature, alone in her power & loveliness, that touches subdues and exalts the soul—We do not remember the godlike here—but we think of god here.” A gifted painter as well as a writer, Sophia is often portrayed as a woman who sacrificed her artistic ambitions for her famous husband.
Colette
Authors: Roberts Michèle
Published: September 2024

This book embodies a rereading of certain texts by Colette that have felt, and feel, important to me both as a reader and as a writer. The My Reading series encourages a personal, subjective account of the books chosen for rereading. Colette was a pioneering, groundbreaking modernist writer, but has not always had her originality and worth recognized in Britain. I write about her invention of new forms to express her unsettling content (to do with desire, perversion, ageing, and different forms of love)—for example, her mixing of fiction, memoir, and letters in Break of Day, her use of the horror genre mixed with apparent autobiography in The Rainy Moon, her mixing of fairy tale and autobiography in La Maison de Claudine. I write about her breaking of taboos around older woman and desire, as in Cheri, and her drawing on Christian imagery of paradise to create a subtext about incestuous desire. I write admiringly about Colette’s freedom in exploring apparently perverse forms of love. I emphasize throughout the importance of the mother figure as inspiration, sometimes behind the text and sometimes at its centre.
What Twenty-first Century Leadership Can Learn from Nineteenth Century American Literature
Authors: Eastman Christine A.
Published: September 2024

What Twenty-first Century Leadership Can Learn from Nineteenth Century American Literature offers an account of how leaders in organizations can improve their practice in an imaginative way. It analyses how business students can use literary fiction to find solutions to workplace problems, how they can engage with fictional writers’ ideas about work, morality, and the self, and how they can articulate their own ideas about fostering a deeper connection between leaders and their teams in the workplace. The book contributes to leadership studies by setting out the case for using literary fictional texts to explore leadership scenarios. It has several purposes. The first is to provide educators with ideas on how to use fiction with students following a business curriculum. The second is to encourage industry to help their employees to become better able to analyse and synthesize complex and possibly conflicting ideas as well as how to articulate these ideas with clarity. A third purpose is to demonstrate how university and industry can work together. The book presents an alternative orientation for leaders predicated on the conviction that reading fiction will support students in becoming better at thinking about working relationships and at understanding other people. It provides the underpinnings of a unifying theoretical framework for learning through fiction in a professional context and aims to demonstrate that reading about how fictional characters respond to the challenges of life supports students to formulate their own innovative leadership thinking.
Conclusion
Authors: Eastman Christine A.
Published: September 2024

The concluding chapter draws together some of the key arguments advanced in the chapters that make up the book—namely: that helping students become more perceptive anatomists of the deadly sins will make them more astute leaders; that an engagement with the texts profiled in this book disabuses us of a romanticized view of leadership; that literary works demonstrate how leadership comprises responsibility to others; and finally that complex literary representations enhance our attunement to the subtleties of human psychology and enable us to make better decisions about others. These arguments are distilled in a discussion of Frederick Douglass’s slave narrative The Narrative of Frederick Douglass (1845) and makes the case for the use of autobiography in leadership studies. The chapter posits Douglass’s example to illustrate how leaders can challenge the status quo by reflecting deeply on their own lives and on those of others and thereby achieve a positive impact on their organizational culture.
The Dynamics of Anaphora
Authors: Mandelkern Matthew
Published: September 2024

This chapter introduces the key motivations in the theory of anaphora involving the interaction between indefinite and definite noun phrases, as in contrasts like that between ‘Susie has a child. She’s at boarding school’ versus ‘Susie is a parent. She’s at boarding school.’ The chapter goes on to briefly discuss e-type theories of anaphora, and then explain the standard dynamic theory of anaphora, along with well-known problems for that theory, involving anaphora across negation and in disjunctions like ‘Either Susie doesn’t have a child or she is at boarding school’.
Theorizing menstruation
Authors: Owen Lara
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores feminist theory to show the ways in which capitalism and feminism have shaped menstrual experience through both conflict and collusion and why it took mainstream feminism fifty years to engage with menstruation. It also introduces the socioeconomic concepts that frame the new research data in this book. The first half of the chapter examines the underlying beliefs and agendas—the politics—behind the tangled relationship of liberalism and feminism with the patriarchal power dynamics that are the backbone of menstrual oppression and delineates how other streams of feminism have variously ignored or conceptualized menstruation over the past half century. The second half of the chapter introduces a new socioeconomic theoretical framework for understanding menstrual organization, drawn from concepts such as women’s transgression, enclosure, and respectability, developing the work of two feminist theorists: Silvia Federici and Beverley Skeggs. This new framework can be summed up through the motif of the menstrual commons, understood in terms of menstruation as common experience and menstrual innovation as source of egalitarian redistribution. The menstrual commons gives us a way to understand both the resistance to the dismantling of menstrual stigma and the liberation this dismantling represents—because menstrual stigma and its mechanisms of mobilization are both classed and sexed, influencing boundaries, capitals, and labour.
Habitus and ethos in the remaking of menstruation
Authors: Owen Lara
Published: September 2024

Historically it has been seen as ‘proper’ and ‘moral’ to dissemble around menstruation, to pretend it is not happening, to go along with its structural absence. In both case studies detailed in this book, this longstanding moral position was challenged and changed. In its place, it became a matter of individual and organizational pride to talk about menstruation openly, to be more sustainable, more competent, and more kind through introducing new practices. Furthermore, this new version of a moral code, of a public good, was intrinsically linked to social, economic, cultural, and symbolic capitals that enhanced local, national, and international status and were entangled with situational status. This chapter explores how this disruption of conventional silencing through respectability codes was supported and enabled in the two case studies. A main finding was that a new configuration surrounding the menstruating body was supported in the workplace study by a shared community ethos of solidarity held by the organization, and in the cup study by a shared community ethos that centred environmentalism and convenience-based feminism as primary values. Adoption of the menstrual innovation concerned was supported by agreement with a bundle of values, in a peer group in a specific context. This combination of supportive ethos (values) embedded within a distinct habitus (situated position) enabled the process of uptake and had the effect of opening up conversation and allowing kind, considerate and non-shaming dialogue, in a marked departure from the silencing and stigma of old.
Deepening solidarity and expanding permissions
Authors: Owen Lara
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores ways in which menstrual innovations deepened solidarity and extended permissions in both studies. When staff in the workplace study developed the concept of the permission field to describe the organizational changes wrought by the menstrual policy, they were vividly expressing the lived sense of a boundary shift. They were in effect using the language of the commons, the original field for grazing and meeting that was open to all. The new permission field extended to non-menstruating staff, who also felt more permission to ‘bring their bodies to work’. The perceived needs of the body became easier to articulate and allow for. Such articulation extended not only into organizational meetings and discussions, but to international mainstream media. In the cup study, participants did not have the same level of interpersonal solidarity as operated at Coexist. However, despite this lack of direct organizational support to extend normative permissions, such was the power of the shift in perception brought about by engaging with the menstrual cup, and the support they garnered from friends, online groups, and non-menstruating partners and families, that participants also experienced a change in the permission field, feeling part of a social context that was radical and expanded. These changes to permissions included the perception that they were now permitted to have less work to do surrounding menstruation, including less anxiety in its management. They spoke of having an altered embodied experience of their own blood and anatomy, which was liberating and extended their sense of embodied rightness.
The Homeric Doloneia
Authors: Tsagalis Christos C.
Published: September 2024

The Doloneia is the most controversial book of the Iliad, its authenticity having been doubted since antiquity. Modern scholars are divided between those who regard it as a major interpolation by a later poet who was trained in the technique of epic composition and those who see it as the earliest manifestation of the very ancient theme of lochos. However, the first claim assumes the stylistic homogeneity of book 10, while the second sweeps out dictional and thematic difficulties by attributing them to the theme of ambush that is weakly represented in the extant corpus of archaic Greek epic. By applying sophisticated interpretive tools such as intratextual association, intertextual allusion, and oral neoanalysis, this book maintains that Iliad 10 is thematically consonant with the rest of the Iliad and that it has evolved from an earlier Iliadic version after the addition of the Rhesus episode, which did not circulate as an independent composition but formed part of lost oral epic poetry with cyclic features that focused on the events after the death of Achilles.
Putative Clues for the Hector-Version of Iliad 10
Authors: Tsagalis Christos C.
Published: September 2024

Chapter 5 surveys the text of the Iliad, the ancient scholia, and the Mythographus Homericus for traces of the earlier form of such a plotline. As far as Iliadic evidence is concerned, six passages are examined that allude to a version in which Hector was the target of the spying mission. The fact that these references cover a wide range of text, from book 8 to book 24, shows that the earlier version had been part of the Iliadic epic tradition for a considerable amount of time and that it had established itself as a significant part of the plot. Traces of a Hector-version can also be found in the ancient scholia and the Mythographus Homericus. A case is made for ancient references to such a putative version—a case adduced after careful examination of the Homeric text.
Station and Orientation
Authors: Fowler Elizabeth
Published: September 2024

Chapter 2 completes Part One by expanding Chapter 1’s treatment of Chaucer’s gate to an architectural exploration of the garden-temple complex, an ancient and global type of landscape built for pilgrimage, with a hortus conclusus [enclosed garden] at its center. Poems too are stations and borrow their ductus from such complexes: Seamus Heaney’s “Lightenings viii,” set at the monastic site Clonmacnoise, invokes several different meanings of “station,” pertaining to both place and bodily action, inviting readers to an experience of the marvelous. A pilgrim at Clonmacnoise similarly undertakes scripted spiritual exercises so as to arrive at a place and a state. Poems considered here as stations that evoke the familiar configuration of a well and thorn tree include Heaney’s “Clearances VIII,” focused on mourning; the fourteenth- or fifteenth-century verse copied into a manuscript at Magdalen College, Oxford, “At a sprynge wel”; John Donne’s “Twicknam garden,” which offers readers injury and balm through the undertaking of an erotic pilgrimage; and Heaney’s “The Wishing Tree.” All embody a ductility created with linguistic deixis as well as with the customs of landscape use. Stations are instruments of access; art habituates the bodily experience of those who take up its invitations, bringing us to new states of being in a mixed, performative, and orienting spatiality.
“A!”
Authors: Fowler Elizabeth
Published: September 2024

Part Three, Virtual Pleasure and Pain, concerns other crucial ways art moves us: through ductile appeals to our senses and emotions. Chapter 5 begins by considering Antonio’s sadness (in Middle English “sadness” is sensation and demeanor rather than emotion) at the opening of The Merchant of Venice, resisting the pressure from friends and critics to diagnose its causes and classify it as an emotion. The play invites us to stay in the prediagnostic state of mere sensation and its multiple possibilities as long as possible. In Chaucer’s Knight’s Tale, Palamon’s sensational cry, “A!”, initiates a similar debate as to how his utterance and state should be interpreted. He rejects diagnosis and insists on “romynge,” and, below his prison in the walled garden, so does the object of his vision, Emelye. The roaming they practice is incited and nurtured by their built environments. The gap between bodily experience and language exposed by such poets may be deplorable, in that we are never able truly to describe our experiences to others, but that gap crucially drives the never-ending process of making language accountable to all our various, evolving needs. A primary function of art’s revelation of that gap is to invite us to learn to move more freely within it, seeking satisfaction.
The Reformation of the Senses
Authors: Fowler Elizabeth
Published: September 2024

Poetry both provokes direct sensory experience and entangles that experience with the abstract, linguistic representation of the emotions. George Herbert’s lyric “Deniall” exemplifies how verse can exploit the gap between sensation and meaning, drawing us into the posture and practice of hearing (even as we speak) and creating a receptiveness to the sacred. Chaucer’s “Second Nun’s Tale” operates similarly but at a more ambitious scale, tying the reader’s virtual pilgrimage (to the church of Saint Cecelia in Trastevere, Rome) to a radical, historical transformation of the senses that comes to require new familial, political, and religious arrangements. This disruptive, alien poem is an instrument for becoming committed to extreme, paradoxical practices of sensory suppression and inflammation: bloody cleanliness, chaste marriage, domestic ecclesiology, and decapitated bodily integrity. Such poetry reveals the capacity of art, by means of virtual sensation, to reform our understanding of sensory experience and to intervene in the history of the emotions. This chapter concludes Part Three, Virtual Pleasure and Pain. The groundwork of an account of art’s habituation is laid down in these first three parts and will be built upon more complexly in Part Five, after Part Four’s study of elegy.
Psychedelics and moral psychology: the case of forgiveness
Authors: Chopra Samir , Letheby Chris
Published: September 2024

Several authors have recently suggested that classic psychedelics might be safe and effective agents of moral enhancement. This raises the question: can we learn anything interesting about the nature of moral experience from a close examination of transformative psychedelic experiences? The interdisciplinary enterprise of philosophical psychopathology attempts to learn about the structure and function of the ‘ordinary’ mind by studying the radically altered mind. By analogy, this chapter argues that we can gain knowledge about the everyday moral life by studying extraordinary experiences of altered moral cognition and experience. A specific class of cases is examined: experiences of forgiveness induced by psychedelics. It is argued that close attention to such experiences reveals the importance of thought/emotion coherence and dissonance in the moral life and vindicates some heterodox ideas about moral phenomenology and psychology.
Why Did Bouazizi Kill Himself?
Authors: Bargu Banu
Published: September 2024

This chapter interprets “Why Did Banerjee Kill Himself?” by poet Nazım Hikmet to shed light on a parallel question: Why did Mohammed Bouazizi kill himself? It juxtaposes the deaths of the fictional Banerjee and real Bouazizi to reveal the radical distance between them: while both die by their own hand and have been presented as “martyrs” of revolution, Bouazizi’s context is characterized by the absence of the Hegelo-Marxist philosophy of history, which thoroughly permeates Hikmet’s representation of Banerjee. This contrast, marking a shift from an early twentieth-century moment defined by revolutionary mass mobilizations by the oppressed peoples of the “East” to contemporary self-destructive performances emanating from the “Global South,” sets the stage for the challenge of the book: to interpret the meanings and political implications of disembodiment in the absence of a teleology of history or the success of a collective movement that may vindicate it, even if retroactively.
Corporeal Critique
Authors: Bargu Banu
Published: September 2024

This chapter moves from the metaphysics of the subject to the “underground history” of the body (i.e., the somatic history of suffering delineated by Horkheimer and Adorno as the crucial problem for materialism but left unwritten by them). Engaging a constellation of thinkers who have sought to theorize the body not only as the site of suffering but also as the source of resistance, the chapter develops the concept of “corporeal critique.” This concept denotes a broad category of embodied practices that enact defiance and refusal in response to and beyond the Eurocentric frame of subjectivity. Bringing Marcel Mauss, Helmuth Plessner, and Franz Fanon into conversation, the chapter theorizes bodily agency under conditions of crisis, especially crisis precipitated by the violence of colonial domination. It argues for a conception of expressive agency vested in the body, a conception that cannot be captured by intentional, instrumental accounts of agency.
Globetrotting Mormon Women Artists and the Art of Travel, 1900–1950
Authors: Belnap Heather
Published: September 2024

This chapter knits a rich history of Latter-day Saint women artists who traveled internationally to develop their skills. These women carved out territory in a male-dominated profession to contribute to the shared image of LDS doctrine and scripture during the first half of the twentieth century. The chapter analyzes the nexus of gender, travel, and artistic production to show how Minerva Teichert, Rose Hartwell, Olive Belnap Jenson, Flora Fisher, Mabel Frazer, and Verla Birrell, among others, fashioned individual identities while contributing to the world of Mormon art. The case of each artist provides a distinctive account of foundational efforts to shape Latter-day Saint identity, and consequently gender and class.
Latter-day Saint Temple Design: Aspirations of Grandeur and Tempering Restraints
Authors: Probert Josh Edward
Published: September 2024

This chapter situates temple-building as a core artistic expression of Latter-day Saints that provides not only a space for the Lord to manifest himself but also a means by which the Saints work out a hybrid sentiment of republican frugality and Protestant heritage. Temples exhibit an underlying tension between the aesthetic interests of this frugality and earlier visions of ornamentation in the Latter-day Saint faith. These influences served to tame Joseph Smith’s palatial vision of temples’ potential. While never quite reveling in opulence, temples are nonetheless material manifestations of a desire to signify salvation in the next life, while performing religiosity, good taste, and social standing in this one.
Mormon Art and Architecture in Mexico
Authors: Janzen Rebecca
Published: September 2024

This chapter addresses how artwork and photography in Mexico showcases the tension between American and Mormon cultural norms, particularly as they are negotiated by Latter-day Saints in Mexico. The chapter observes dress, buildings, and art within photographs and in artistic renderings to note how Mexican Latter-day Saints proudly displayed Indigenous tradition while adopting new religious and cultural forms from American Mormonism. For some the conversion to Mormonism might have signaled economic and social opportunities. For others it offered a contested space to work out the integration of different traditions. Photography provided a space to work out this negotiation, while capturing and recording the very same efforts for future viewers.