bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Choroidal Metastases and Choroidal Lymphoma
Authors: ŞENGÜL Elvan Alper , UĞURTAY Özgül
Published: October 2023

Since the choroid is one of the organs with the most blood supply in the body, primary and metastatic tumors are common in the choroid. While metastatic choroidal cancers are the most common tumors of the eye, choroidal lymphoma is rare. The most common cancers that metastasize to the choroid are breast cancer and lung cancer. Choroidal lymphomas can be primary or secondary. Primary lymphoma is unilateral, slow growing and mild course. However, secondary lymphomas are bilateral, rapidly developing and aggressive.
Treatment and survival of patients; varies depending on the extent of the disease, the general condition of the patient and the localization of the disease. Most patients have a limited life expectancy, but recent advances in systemic therapy have significantly improved the survival of some patients. The purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge on choroidal metastases and choroidal lymphomas, highlighting the latest findings in epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.
Treatment Complications of Choroidal Tumors and Radiation Retinopathy
Authors: KARA Caner
Published: October 2023

Choroidal tumors are an oncological pathology of significant importance due to their anatomical location and potential complications related to vision. These tumors encompass various neoplastic formations that develop within the choroidal layer, including choroidal melanoma, choroidal hemangioma, and choroidal metastasis. The management of choroidal tumors requires a multidisciplinary approach involving ocular oncologists, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, and other specialists, with the primary goal of preserving visual function and minimizing treatment-related complications. The treatment options for choroidal tumors have evolved over time and include modalities such as radiation therapy, surgical resection, photodynamic therapy, and transpupillary thermotherapy. These therapeutic approaches aim to control tumor growth, preserve visual function, and maintain ocular and systemic health. However, despite advancements in these therapeutic strategies, each treatment modality carries specific risks of complications, which needs to be carefully assessed and managed.
Cancer-Associated Retinopathy (CAR) And Melanoma-Associated Retinopathy (MAR)
Authors: ÇAKMAK Semih , ORAY Merih
Published: October 2023

Cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) and melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR) are rare paraneoplastic syndromes in which antibodies are directed against retinal antigens, independent of primary tumor or metastasis, that can cause vision loss. The fact that these antigens differ according to different types of cancer causes the developing retinopathy and accordingly the symptoms to be heterogeneous and causing difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. The literature on this subject is limited with few reported case reports and case series. The lack of controlled clinical studies also makes it difficult for clinicians to manage these cases. Paraneoplastic syndromes are important because they can diagnose undiagnosed malignancies or indicate recurrence of treated malignancies. The appearance of the symptoms of CAR and MAR is of great importance for the prognosis of cancer, as it may precede cancer findings. In addition, with early diagnosis, irreversible retinal damage will be minimal. In this review, the pathophysiology, clinical findings and treatments of CAR and MAR are emphasized.
Conjunctival, Scleral and Corneal Complications in Vitreoretinal Surgery
Authors: YILMAZ Sami , AVCI Remzi , MAVİ YILDIZ Ayşegül
Published: October 2023

Vitreoretinal surgery has been associated with corneal, conjunctival and scleral complications. These complications may cover corneal epithelial and endothelial cells damage (epithelial defects, neurotrophic and band keratopathy, refractive error changes, corneal decompansation etc.), ocular surface disease, early hypotonia, diplopia, strabismus, subconjunctival silicone oil, episcleral pigmentation, infection and inflammation etc. Risk factors may include a history of the previous ocular surgery, aphakia and pseudophakia, prolonged duration of surgery, intraoperative epithelial debridement, intraoperative lensectomy, diabetic patients, use of adjunctive intraocular long-acting expansile gases or silicone oil, use of scleral buckling, sutureless sclerotomy incisions etc. These complications should be known and noticed due to affect visual outcomes and healing of patients. Corneal, conjunctival and scleral complications are summarized in this article.
Endophthalmitis After Vitreoretinal Surgery
Authors: KOÇAK ALTINTAŞ Ayşe Gül
Published: October 2023

Endophthalmitis after vitreoretinal surgery is uncommon but one of the most serious complications associated with severe visual loss despite appropriate treatment. It can be diagnosed based on symptoms such as ocular pain, conjunctival hyperemia, corneal congestion, corneal edema, anterior chamber inflammation, hypopyon, and vitreous haziness. The most common agents responsible for postoperative endophthalmitis are bacteria from patients' own ocular surface flora. Several factors such as preoperative sterilization, surgical nature of the procedure, intraocular tamponade, and postoperative treatment methods are responsible for the development of endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy. The prognosis of endophthalmitis depends on the virulence of the microorganism, the patients’ immune nature, the time of diagnosis, and the initiation of treatment.
Complications Related to Air and Perfluorocarbon Gas in Vitreoretinal Surgery
Authors: ÇELİK DÜLGER Selda , TEKE Mehmet Yasin
Published: October 2023

Intraocular gases have been used in vitreoretinal surgery for many years. The aim of this study was to evaluate intraoperative and postoperative complications of gas tamponades used in vitreoretinal surgery. Vitreoretinal surgery is known to induce cataract development. With that, cataract progression is related to lens exposure to intraocular gas, the duration of exposure, patient’s age, and the magnitude of vitreous removal. With exposure to intraocular gas, lens becomes strongly refractive, resulting in high miyopia and temporary visual impairment. The other complications of intraocular gases are gas migration, increased intraocular pressure, corneal complications and recurrent retinal detachment. Nevertheless, gases are frequently preferred tamponade agents in vitreoretinal surgery.
Lighting, Light Source, Diathermy, and Endolaser in Vitrectomy Devices
Authors: ÖNDER TOKUÇ Ecem , TOPRAK Müge , ÖZKAN Berna
Published: October 2023

Since Machemer introduced pars plana vitrectomy techniques in 1971, there have been numerous advancements in vitreoretinal surgery. The development shown by lighting systems and light sources that provide wider viewing opportunities is remarkable. The development of different types of light probes that provide wide-angle viewing and the use of filters to prevent phototoxicity provide a safer surgical opportunity along with better imaging. In addition, the use of different types of multifunctional endolaser probes facilitates faster and safer surgical applications by facilitating access to the peripheral retina. This review will evaluate the developments in lighting systems and light sources, as well as the use of diathermy and endolaser and current approaches.
Features of Zeiss Visalis V500 Combined Phacoemulsification and Vitrectomy Device
Authors: YILDIRIM Hakan
Published: October 2023

Rapid developments in today's technology have led the rapid evolution of devices in the field of eye surgery. Old technology devices that take up space and are difficult to use have been replaced by more user-friendly, compact devices. In this review, we aimed to talk about the features of the Zeiss Visalis V500 device, which is produced as a compact device and has a vitrectomy system integrated with phacoemulsification technology.
Витамин D и первичная дисменорея
Authors: Кульжанова Д.С. , Донаева А.Е. , Аккожина А.М. , Аманжолкызы A. , Калдыбаева А.Т. , Нургалиева Р.Е. , Омарова А.Б.
Published: October 2023

Актуальность: По проблеме дефицита витамина D было проанализировано много научных статей. Несмотря на то, что влияние дефицита витамина D на здоровье детей и подростков изучается достаточно давно, сведения о роли витамина D в формировании менструальной функции у девочек полового созревания скудны и неоднозначны.Турецкие, иранские и индийские авторы отмечают значительную отрицательную корреляцию между уровнем витами- на D и интенсивностью боли, оцениваемой с помощью визуально-аналоговой шкалы (ВАШ) (r = -0,61), а также длительностью боли (r = -0,43). Это указывает на возможную роль дефицита витамина D в первичной дисменорее.Цель исследования – оценить влияние применения витамина D на интенсивность и длительность боли при первичной дисменорее у девочек-подростков.Материалы и методы: В исследовании приняли участие 96 девочек-подростков в возрасте от 13 до 16 лет, которые были распределены случайным образом на 2 группы: группа, получавшая витамин D, и группа, получавшая плацебо. Первичным результатом этого исследования была тяжесть боли внизу живота, которую оценивали при помощи ВАШ.Пациенты отмечали интенсивность боли по ВАШ до начала лечения, а затем 2 и 3 месяца спустя. Вторичным результатом являлась длительность боли в днях.Результаты: У девочек-подростков с первичной дисменореей наблюдается снижение уровня витамина D. В группе «витамин D» после исследования было выявлено статистически значимое повышение содержания витамина D (p<0,001), статистически значимое снижение интенсивности боли по ВАШ после 2 месяцев (p = 0,029) и после 3 месяцев (p = 0,003), а также снижение длительности боли после 2 месяцев (p = 0,041) и после 3 месяцев (p = 0,003).Заключение: Коррекция уровня витамина D у девочек-подростков с первичной дисменореей приводит к уменьшению интенсивности боли по ВАШ и сокращению длительности боли в днях.
Предикторы и факторы риска спонтанных преждевременных родов: анамнестические характеристики, ультразвуковые и биомаркеры (обзор литературы)
Authors: Кабыл Б.К. , Исенова С.Ш. , Нурланова Г.К. , Бурибаева Ж.К. , Адилова К.М. , Аязбай К.М. , Толенова Ж.А. , Махамбет А.О.
Published: October 2023

Актуальность: Преждевременные роды (ПР) являются ведущей проблемой здравоохранения во всем мире и в настоящее время считаются основной причиной смерти новорожденных. Ежегодно во всем мире приблизительно 15 миллионов детей рождаются недоношенными, что составляет около 11% всех родов в мире. Поскольку этиология ПР не совсем ясна, идентификация факторов риска и определение индивидуального риска имеют важное значение в ведении беременных женщин. Несмотря на значительные усилия, направленные на снижение частоты спонтанных ПР (СПР), они остаются ведущей причиной перинатальной заболеваемости и смертности. Имеющиеся стратегии скрининга несовершенны.Цель исследования – изучение и анализ текущих данных касательно факторов риска и предикторов для прогнозирования преждевременных родов.Материалы и методы: В обзор включены опубликованные данные касательно факторов риска и предикторов СПР за последние 10 лет. Поиск литературы проводился в базах данных Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Wiley и Cochrane Library. Поиск осуществлялся по ключевым словам: «спонтанные преждевременные роды», «предикторы преждевременных родов», «факторы риска преждевременных родов» с использованием MeSH.Результаты: Из всех известных факторов, ПР в анамнезе и невынашивание являются ведущими факторами риска СПР. Цервикометрия, или измерение длины шейки матки при ультразвуковом исследовании, является распространенным и довольно эффективным методом прогнозирования СПР. Фетальный фибронектин является одним из распространённых маркеров для прогнозирования ПР. Помимо шеечных факторов, маркеры сыворотки крови матери тоже предложены для прогнозирования ПР.Заключение: Выявление факторов риска СПР является важным компонентом акушерской помощи в связи с эффективностью ранних вмешательств для снижения риска ПР. Не существует единого или комбинированного метода скрининга ПР с высокой чувствительностью, который действительно выявлял бы женщин с риском ПР, а также с высокой специфичностью для предотвращения ненужных вмешательств и высоких затрат на лечение. Цервикометрия является наиболее экономичным методом в клинической практике. Исследования по метаболомике и протеомике, а также профилирование микроРНК привнесли новый аспект в эту тему. Возможно, в будущем, при четком выявлении женщин с истинным риском ПР, появится возможность разработки более эффективных превентивных стратегий.
Menguak Faktor-Faktor Dalam Mengaktualisasikan Perilaku Caring di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Astuti Ni Made Henna Juli , Maradona Agus Fredy
Published: October 2023

The quality of hospital services is influenced by human resource factors. Human resources who are in direct contact with patients are nurses. Nurses are at the forefront of dealing with patients 24 hours a day, therefore quality, qualified nursing resources are needed and capable of caring behavior. Caring behavior is the essence of nursing that distinguishes nurses from other professions. The phenomenon that occurred in the era of the covid-19 pandemic had an impact on the high workload experienced by nurses due to an increase in the number of patients, thus affecting nurses in actualizing caring behavior. This study aims to identify what factors influence nurses in actualizing caring behavior in the era of the covid-19 pandemic. The study was designed as an observational study using cross sectional data collection methods. The instrument used is a questionnaire filled out by respondents determined by random sampling. The sample consisted of 139 respondents, namely nurses in the Inpatient Room at the Bali Mandara Hospital, Bali Province. The data analysis technique used in this study was SPSS Version 25.0 and Amos for Windows 23.0, starting with the evaluation process of SEM assumptions through an evaluation of the normality of the data, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and analysis of the effect with SEM. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant positive influence between leadership, organizational culture and work environment on job satisfaction. There is a significant positive influence between leadership, organizational culture and work environment on the caring behavior of nurses. And there is a significant positive effect between job satisfaction and caring behavior of nurses.
Examining Green Marketing at The Creative Industry in Economic Recovery
Authors: Pradnyamita Luh Gde Intan , Darma Gede Sri
Published: October 2023

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is expected to infect millions of people all over the world.Indonesia has fallen into recession because of it. The economic crisis due to the Covid-19 pandemic hasshown the importance of economic development by paying attention to environmental sustainability.The solution that can be done to increase the economy is through the development of creativeindustries. This study aims to determine the understanding of creative industry managers in the fashion,craft, and culinary sectors regarding green marketing and the practice of implementing green marketing in the creative industry during the economic recovery. This descriptive qualitative study shows that thecreative industry which has a big role in increasing the national economy can start by understanding themeaning of green marketing itself first so that it can apply it well to their company. This study can guidefor creative industry managers, especially creative industries in the fashion, craft, and culinary sectorsto create a sustainable economy by implementing green marketing in their companies.
Risiko Finansial, Risiko Produk, Hedonisme, Risiko Privasi, dan Niat Belanja Online
Authors: Lidyaningsih Ii , Darma Gede Sri
Published: October 2023

The decline in the income of business actors in the midst of the covid pandemic is a difficult test, but statistics show an increase in online transactions in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze andexamine the factors that influence millennial behavior in online shopping, including a hedonistic lifestyle, financial risk, product risk, and privacy risk. The location of the research was carried out in Denpasar City with the consideration that it is a metropolitan city and has a high economic turnover in the province of Bali. The sample in this study was millennials as many as 126 respondents who were divided based on quota sampling in four sub-districts in the city of Denpasar. The data collection technique used an open questionnaire with an interval scale of 1-10. The data analysis technique uses the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through the Part lease square (PLS) approach with the SmartPLS 3.2 program. The results of the study found that the hedonism variable had a positive and significant effect ton online shopping intentions, while the financial risk and product risk variables had a significant negative effect on online shopping intentions and the privacy variable did not have a negative and significant effect on online shopping intentions. The majority of millennials believe and believe that online stores that have strong security and a good image will not abuse their privacy.
Practicing Islam among a Double Minority in Dobruja (Romania): The Turkish Muslim Roma in Medgidia (
Mecidiye
)
Authors: Cupcea Adriana
Published: October 2023

The aim of this article is to explore religiosity in an urban Turkish Muslim Roma community from the Dobruja region of Romania. The article is based on fieldwork research consisting of semi-structured interviews, life histories, and participant observation in the post-socialist town of Medgidia. The research is an emic study which seeks to describe the representations of Turkish Muslim Roma in Medgidia and the way they understand, negotiate, and practice Islam. I draw on Arolda Elbasani and Olivier Roy’s definition of religiosity as the way an individual believer experiences his or her relationship to religion and faith. Considering Islam an essentially emotional category, I investigate what Turkish Muslim Roma in Medgidia feel it means to be Muslims, the dynamics of their agencies within their environment, and the emotional elements of their personal narratives. I observe how they perform identity to maintain a certain coherence between their autobiographical selves and the environment in which they live.
Star Photometry for DECam Legacy Survey and Sloan Digital Sky Survey Images Based on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Yang Zechao , Liu Meng , Yuan Hao , Bu Yude , Yi Zhenping , Kong Xiaoming , Wu Tianmin , Zhang Ran
Published: October 2023

Flux is one of the most fundamental parameters in astrophysics, and aperture photometry and point-spread function (PSF) photometry are commonly used methods to obtain the flux. With the continuous development of astronomical equipment that has generated massive data, researchers have to find more effective methods to obtain stellar fluxes. However, current photometric software such as SExtractor are very sensitive to the configuration parameters and are difficult to configure. We propose a new photometric model based on deep learning called sf-convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract aperture fluxes and PSF fluxes. For the simulated data including 5727 stars, the experimental results show that sf-CNN can predict fluxes better than SExtractor. The mean absolute error (MAE) values of sf-CNN and SExtractor for predicting PSF fluxes are 0.0034 and 0.0134, respectively. On the 6293 mixed stars in DECam Legacy Survey Data Release (DR) 9, the MAE values of the predicted PSF fluxes are 0.0075 and 0.0177, respectively. The PSF accuracy of the sf-CNN model is significantly higher than that of SExtractor. Additionally, the MAE values of the predicted aperture fluxes on 6215 mixed stars and 1341 blends of stars in Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR 12 illustrate that the accuracy of sf-CNN is still the highest. Meanwhile, the results indicate that sf-CNN outperforms VGG16 and ResNet50. Furthermore, sf-CNN is 100–200 times faster than Photutils on RTX 3070 GPU and 20–40 times faster than Photutils on I7 12700 CPU. sf-CNN can calculate fluxes efficiently and accurately only by setting a few parameters and may thus become a fundamental tool for the era of big data in astronomy.
Evolution of the Mass–Metallicity Relation from Redshift z ≈ 8 to the Local Universe
Authors: Langeroodi Danial , Hjorth Jens , Chen Wenlei , Kelly Patrick L. , Williams Hayley , Lin Yu-Heng , Scarlata Claudia , Zitrin Adi , Broadhurst Tom , Diego Jose M. , Huang Xiaosheng , Filippenko Alexei V. , Foley Ryan J. , Jha Saurabh , Koekemoer Anton M. , Oguri Masamune , Perez-Fournon Ismael , Pierel Justin , Poidevin Frederick , Strolger Lou
Published: October 2023

A tight positive correlation between the stellar mass and the gas-phase metallicity of galaxies has been observed at low redshifts. The redshift evolution of this correlation can strongly constrain theories of galaxy evolution. The advent of JWST allows probing the mass–metallicity relation at redshifts far beyond what was previously accessible. Here we report the discovery of two emission line galaxies at redshifts 8.15 and 8.16 in JWST NIRCam imaging and NIRSpec spectroscopy of targets gravitationally lensed by the cluster RX J2129.4+0005. We measure their metallicities and stellar masses along with nine additional galaxies at 7.2 < z
spec < 9.5 to report the first quantitative statistical inference of the mass–metallicity relation at z ≈ 8. We measure ∼0.9 dex evolution in the normalization of the mass–metallicity relation from z ≈ 8 to the local universe; at a fixed stellar mass, galaxies are 8 times less metal enriched at z ≈ 8 compared to the present day. Our inferred normalization is in agreement with the predictions of FIRE simulations. Our inferred slope of the mass–metallicity relation is similar to or slightly shallower than that predicted by FIRE or observed at lower redshifts. We compare the z ≈ 8 galaxies to extremely low-metallicity analog candidates in the local universe, finding that they are generally distinct from extreme emission line galaxies or “green peas,” but are similar in strong emission line ratios and metallicities to “blueberry galaxies.” Despite this similarity, at a fixed stellar mass, the z ≈ 8 galaxies have systematically lower metallicities compared to blueberry galaxies.
The Inhomogeneity Effect. III. Weather Impacts on the Heat Flow of Hot Jupiters
Authors: Zhang Xi , Li Cheng , Ge Huazhi , Le Tianhao
Published: October 2023

The interior flux of a giant planet impacts atmospheric motion, and the atmosphere dictates the interior’s cooling. Here we use a non-hydrostatic general circulation model (Simulating Non-hydrostatic Atmospheres on Planets) coupled with a multi-stream multi-scattering radiative module (High-performance Atmospheric Radiation Package) to simulate the weather impacts on the heat flow of hot Jupiters. We found that the vertical heat flux is primarily transported by convection in the lower atmosphere and regulated by dynamics and radiation in the overlying radiation-circulation zone. The temperature inversion occurs on the dayside and reduces the upward radiative flux. The atmospheric dynamics relay the vertical heat transport until the radiation becomes efficient in the upper atmosphere. The cooling flux increases with atmospheric drag due to increased day–night contrast and spatial inhomogeneity. The temperature dependence of the infrared opacity greatly amplifies the opacity inhomogeneity. Although atmospheric circulation could transport heat downward in a narrow region above the radiative-convective boundary, the opacity inhomogeneity effect overcomes the dynamical effect and leads to a larger overall interior cooling than the local simulations with the same interior entropy and stellar flux. The enhancement depends critically on the equilibrium temperature, drag, and atmospheric opacity. In a strong-drag atmosphere hotter than 1600 K, a significant inhomogeneity effect in three-dimensional (3D) models can boost interior cooling several-fold compared to the 1D radiative-convective equilibrium models. This study confirms the analytical argument of the inhomogeneity effect in the companion papers by Zhang. It highlights the importance of using 3D atmospheric models in understanding the inflation mechanisms of hot Jupiters and giant planet evolution in general.
Hidden Companions to Intermediate-mass Stars. XI. Uncovering a 0.7 M
⊙, 2.3 au Companion in the Astrometric Binary HIP 111200 = 58 Aquarii*
Authors: Waisberg Idel , Klein Ygal , Katz Boaz
Published: October 2023

We report on the direct VLTI/GRAVITY interferometric detection of a close companion in the nearby Hipparcos astrometric binary 58 Aquarii with a K band flux ratio of 5.0% at a projected separation 32 mas ↔ 2.3 au. Through isochrone fitting we find that the primary is a 1.4 Gyr old, 1.68 M
⊙ late A-type star and the companion is a 0.72 M
⊙ K-type star. The estimated cooling age of 900 Myr for the wide (9940 au), 0.70 M
⊙ white dwarf (WD) companion to the system is consistent with a progenitor star of 2.9 M
⊙ assuming single star evolution. The survival of the triple system at such large separation suggests a low kick in the formation of the WD or alternatively that it has since migrated outwards through three-body interaction.
Survey on Integration of Consensus Mechanisms in IoT-based Blockchains
Authors: Melo de Morais Anderson , Antonio Aires Lins Fernando , Souto Rosa Nelson
Published: October 2023

While IoT systems are increasingly present in different areas of society, ensuring their data’s privacy, security, and inviolability becomes paramount. In this direction, Blockchain has been used to protect the security and immutability of data generated by IoT devices and sensors. At the heart of Blockchain solutions, consensus algorithms are crucial in ensuring the security of creating and writing data in new blocks. Choosing which consensus algorithms to utilise is critical because of a fundamental tradeoff between their security strength and response time. However, recent surveys of consensus mechanisms for IoT-based Blockchain focused on individually using and analysing these algorithms. Investigating the integration between these algorithms to address IoT-specific requirements better is a promising approach. In this context, this paper presents a literature review that explains and discusses consensus algorithms in IoT environments and their combinations. The review analyses eight dimensions that help understand existing proposals: ease of integration, scalability, latency, throughput, power consumption, configuration issues, integrated algorithms, and adversary tolerance. The final analysis also suggests and discusses open challenges in integrating multiple consensus algorithms considering the particularities of IoT systems.
Face Plastic Surgery Recognition Model Based on Neural Network and Meta-Learning Model 
Authors: Atallah Rasha R. , Al-Shamayleh Ahmad Sami , Awadallah Mohammed A.
Published: October 2023

Facial recognition is a procedure of verifying a person's identity by using the face, which is considered one of the biometric security methods. However, facial recognition methods face many challenges, such as face aging, wearing a face mask, having a beard, and undergoing plastic surgery, which decreases the accuracy of these methods.

This study evaluates the impact of plastic surgery on face recognition models. The motivation for conducting the research in that aspect is because plastic surgery treatments do not only change the shape and texture of any face but also have increased rapidly in this era. This paper proposes a model based on an artificial neural network with model-agnostic meta-learning (ANN-MAML) for plastic surgery face recognition. This study aims to build a framework for face recognition before and after undergoing plastic surgery based on an artificial neural network. Also, the study seeks to clarify the collaboration between facial plastic surgery and facial recognition software to determine the issues. The researchers evaluated the proposed ANN-MAML's performance using the HDA dataset. 

The experimental results show that the proposed ANN-MAML learning model attained an accuracy of 90% in facial recognition using Rhinoplasty (Nose surgery) images, 91% on Blepharoplasty surgery (Eyelid surgery) images, 94% on Brow lift (Forehead surgery) images, as well as 92% on Rhytidectomy (Facelift) images. Finally, the results of the proposed model were compared with the baseline methods by the researchers, which showed the superiority of the ANN-MAML over the baselines. 
A taxonomic revision of the freshwater crab genus Parvuspotamon Dai & Bo, 1994 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamidae), with descriptions of a new genus and two new species
Authors: Shi Boyang , Pan Da , Sun Hongying
Published: October 2023

The taxonomy of the potamid crab genus Parvuspotamon Dai & Bo, 1994, with two species native to Yunnan province of southwest China, is revised based on morphological and molecular data. In order to stabilise the taxonomy of these species (and the genus), two separate genera are hereby designated: Parvuspotamon and Songpotamongen. nov. While Parvuspotamon is restricted to P. yuxiense Dai & Bo, 1994, as a monotypic genus, P. dixuense Naruse, Chia & Zhou, 2018, is transferred to a new genus, Songpotamongen. nov. In addition, two new species of Songpotamongen. nov. are described herein: S. funingensesp. nov. and S. malipoensesp. nov.Songpotamongen. nov. morphologically most resembles Parvuspotamon and Chinapotamon Dai & Naiyanetr, 1994, but can be distinguished by the combination of characters in the carapace, third maxilliped, thoracic sternites, and male first gonopod. The genetic data derived from the mitochondrial 16S rDNA also supports the monophyly of these new taxa.
The Female Poisoner’s Fate: Accounting for Lenient Outcomes in New South Wales, Australia, 1855-1955
Authors: Strange Carolyn
Published: October 2023

Most scholarly histories of the female poisoner use high-profile cases to explore the cultural, social, political and legal construction and repercussions of women’s poisoning crimes. Yet, the study of notorious poisoners has obscured how most women tried for poisoning were treated by the courts. By deploying a longitudinal analysis of women prosecuted for murder or attempted murder by poisoning, this article challenges the feminist historiographical and criminological consensus that women poisoners are invariably demonised by the press and subjected to harsh penalties by the courts. It examines the former penal colony of New South Wales, Australia, from the mid-1800s to the mid-1950s, over which time 47 women were prosecuted and just one was executed. Through four case studies, it illustrates the prosecution outcomes that befell most women tried for poisoning. This lenience cannot be attributed solely to the race, ethnicity, class, and sexual respectability of women on trial for poisoning. Analysing the female poisoner’s fate must also take into consideration victim-offender relationships, the purported motives of accused women, the nature of specific poisons, the statutory framing of poisoning, and the shifting context of penal politics.
“I wanted satisfaction and I got it”: Women, Homicide, and Capital Punishment in Jim Crow Florida
Authors: Miller Vivien
Published: October 2023

This article provides the first full study of capital and non-capital homicides committed by women in Florida in the interwar years and their treatment in the maturing Jim Crow criminal legal system of an active execution state. Over ninety percent of convicted female killers were African American, who were dramatically over-represented in homicide arrests and prosecutions. Unusually, two white women were sentenced to death in 1926 and 1927 in a period of political transformation, socio-economic dislocation, racial antagonism, and rising white lawbreaking. The capital conviction of an African American woman in 1929 created further unanticipated penal and clemency dilemmas for Florida governors, legal professionals, and pardon board members. The intersections of gender, race, class, violence, and punishment are explored through three main questions: Which women were accused and convicted of murder and manslaughter in Florida in the 1920s and 1930s and who were their victims? Why were these three women sentenced to death? What kinds of punishments and clemency did female killers receive? As the distinctive features of each capital murder case were often very similar to those resulting in prison terms or even acquittals, this state case study affirms that gendered capital punishment in the early twentieth century southern United States was defined largely by contingency and chance.
AI/ML Within IS Auditing and Cybersecurity
Authors: Casal Robert , Singh Raghvendra , Della Posta Daniel , Quinn James
Published: October 2023

The adoption of AI and ML based technologies has exploded in recent years and has successfully been applied to various industries such as social media and healthcare. Organizations use many different statistically based AI and ML techniques, processes, and models to analyze and interpret data, identify any trends or patterns present, and ultimately improve a business process or gain a competitive advantage; this chapter will explore the use of AI and ML within IS auditing and cybersecurity.
Auditing Agile Release Management
Authors: Agnew Nikitha , Gupta Manish , Sharman Raj
Published: October 2023

The management of software releases is a significant element for most businesses. However, many organizations suffer from poor release management due to rapid demand for the back-to-back release of services or products. An efficient release management procedure can support frequent releases with minimal risks. Therefore, auditing a release management process is critical to ensure the changes are delivered consistently every time and with the same level of quality. The method introduced in this chapter identifies different risks companies encounter due to poor release management. The solution to this issue is to present a control activity lifecycle that involves auditors to detect vulnerabilities at each level of the agile development cycle and offer solutions to the risks discovered during the assessment. Adopting this control activity lifecycle for agile release management will significantly decrease exposure to risks that can harm agile projects, protecting the firm's business applications, guaranteeing quality, and enhancing its reputation.
Developing Audit Strategy for PaaS Applications
Authors: Samant Harshada Dayasagar , Singh Raghvendra
Published: October 2023

The adoption of cloud computing has become a mainstream strategy in IT today. Both product-based and service-based industries benefit greatly from the cloud model because of its ability to reduce an enterprise's Capex and allow focus on the growth of core business lines. However, before jumping onto the cloud bandwagon, evaluating the advantage and suitability of cloud technology for an enterprise is important. This chapter focuses on platform-as-a-service (PaaS) cloud computing offerings. The objective with this chapter is to understand the utility of PaaS and analyze and evaluate its risks, vulnerabilities, and impacts. The authors have carried out our investigation from an auditor's lens by studying the risks associated with the PaaS cloud service offering, understanding the methods to thoroughly assess these risks, and identifying controls that must be used to effectively mitigate them. They have aligned this research with the COBIT control framework as we recommend the formulation of cloud governance and business strategies in alignment with enterprise objectives and goals.
Auditing the Blockchain
Authors: Kumar Prabhat , Lambert Othniel , Sreekumar Sivajit , Bhatia Mukesh Ravi , Garg Akash
Published: October 2023

Information systems audit is the procedure of gathering and assessing data to determine whether an information system protects assets, upholds data integrity, successfully reaches organizational goals, effectively uses resources, and reviews business continuity plans. In this study, the IS audit framework by ISACA has been extended to information systems built on the blockchain technology or to systems integrated with a blockchain component. Blockchain is a relatively new technology, and its applications are being explored in different fields today. In fact, blockchain applications are being explored for improving the IS audit process. As such, the authors have explored the principles of audit and the blockchain itself in this chapter.
A Study on the Pre- and Post-Pandemic Media of Instruction and Learning Effectiveness in Information Systems Courses
Authors: Paravastu Narasimha S. , Ramanujan Sam
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study is to understand the effectiveness of medium of instruction based on student performance in courses offered face-to-face prior to the pandemic and virtual hybrid mode after the onset of the pandemic from a media richness theoretical perspective. This study analyzed data from 1157 students from 43 Information Systems courses over a 6-year pre- and post-pandemic period. This study analyzed student performance data from face to face and virtual hybrid courses across medium of instruction, type of course, course level, and gender. Overall, students performed better in face-to-face classes prior to the pandemic than the virtual hybrid courses. Across gender, and type of course, and course levels, face-to-face medium of instruction was found to be best for student performance. The post-hoc interviews with students and faculty indicated that face-to-face was the choice of instruction medium for technical courses and virtual hybrid mode was preferred for theory intensive conceptual courses, confirming the results from the data analysis.
Distinctive Features of Traditional Singing in Sri Lanka
Authors: Panapitiya Saman , Nethsinghe Rohan
Published: October 2023

It is evident that Sri Lankan musicologists have mainly used the meanings of traditional folk poetry/verses and the occasions on which they are sung to categorize them. The authors of this paper attempt to introduce a classification that can be used according to the characteristics of the melody/pitches, focusing on seepada, currently only known as a poetic stanza in Sinhala folk songs. The authors explain the distinctive features of seepada identified employing yathi and the notion of ‘Cents’, a logarithmic unit used for measuring musical intervals, and reveal those characteristics, acknowledging seepada as a traditional singing style unique to Sri Lanka. Suggestions for sustaining this fading art form are presented in this article including the urgent need for action by stakeholders to preserve the identity of traditional Sinhala folk songs, music and melodies of Sri Lanka.
Exploring the Musical Heritage of the Traditional Sri Lankan Musical Instrument Horanewa
Authors: Wimalasiri Mahinda
Published: October 2023

Some historical information reveals that the art of ensemble playing in Sri Lanka dates back to the Yaksha, Naga, and tribal eras that existed even before the suggested arrival of King Vijaya. Indigenous ensembles can also be described as an art that evolved with the development of humankind in different periods due to various invasions. A large number of ensemble instruments used by the Sri Lankan village artist from then to now are revealed in bibliographical information such as the Mahavamsa, Thupavamsa, Dambadeniya Asna, Kuveni Asna, and Saddharmalankara. These ensembles are divided into five types, mainly, that which is described as the panchathurya, including aathatha, vithatha, vithathaathatha, ghana and sushira, of which sushira is the calibration of blowing instruments that includes the horanewa as well. The horanewa can be introduced as the only swara/ notes instrument used by the Sinhala folk artist of the day among the instruments of the panchathurya. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the technical methods used in the production of this musical instrument called horanewa and its special techniques adopted in playing. Why does the horanewa instrument used at present not produce its own definite melodic sound? In relation to this question that arose, data were collected, analyzed and interpreted and conclusions were reached. As revealed in this descriptive research, the horanewa is a special musical instrument built with the technology of three traditional manufacturers. This research will be important to introduce and preserve the arts related to this musical instrument which is gradually dying out.
Exploring the Efficacy of Utilizing Song Texts as an Instructional Tool for Teaching the Present Perfect Tenses
Authors: Embogama Sumudu
Published: October 2023

Teaching grammar has always posed challenges for English teachers due to the tendency for it to be perceived as boring, resulting in disinterest and poor retention among learners. This study investigates the effectiveness of incorporating songs as an instructional tool for teaching the present perfect tenses in the context of English language learning. It explores whether songs can facilitate a deeper understanding of the tenses’ usage, promote accurate application in authentic contexts, and enhance learners' overall interest in learning English as a second language. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative measurements of learners' performance on a grammar test with qualitative data gathered through focus group discussions. The results indicate that the group taught through the use of songs demonstrated significantly better test scores compared to the control group. Moreover, the qualitative analysis revealed students' positive perceptions of using songs, emphasizing the engaging and enjoyable nature of this approach. The findings align with previous research, highlighting the benefits of using songs in language learning, including increased motivation, engagement, and language proficiency. These results contribute to the growing body of research supporting the incorporation of music into language instruction and suggest its potential as an effective instructional tool for enhancing grammar proficiency. Further research is recommended to strengthen the generalizability of these findings and explore the underlying factors that contribute to the effectiveness of using songs in language learning contexts. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of embracing innovative and creative approaches to create meaningful language learning experiences for students.
Evaluation of Mean “R” Wave Amplitude in Lead V1 of Electrocardiogram among Term Newborn Infants in Tertiary Care Institution in South India
Authors: Narasaiyan Hariharan , Balasubramanian Sathyamurthi
Published: October 2023

Background:

The changes in the left ventricle to right ventricle muscle mass ratio account for the majority of the age-related changes in pediatric electrocardiograms (ECGs). A newborn's right ventricle muscle mass is more than the newborn's left ventricle. Physiologically, newborn infants have a dominant right ventricle. Race differences in QRS voltage normal values exist. Compared to Euro-Americans, African-Americans have a higher upper normal limit of QRS voltages. Typically, right ventricular hypertrophy is seen in newborns. To distinguish between pathological and physiological newborn hypertrophy, it is critical to measure the mean QRS amplitude in healthy newborns. This is the first study on the Indian population, with previous ones being conducted among African-Americans.

Methodology:

Between 2015 and 2016, this prospective observational study was carried out in the pediatrics department of a tertiary care facility in India. The study included 76 term newborns who were under 3 days old. In Chennai's Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital, the newborn infants underwent clinical examinations as well as echocardiography before receiving their ECGs. A baseline questionnaire that had been previously created was used for data collection.

Results:

For the Indian population, the mean R wave amplitude was 11.56 mm, with a standard deviation of 2.96 mm, and the 5th and 95th percentiles were 6.85 mm and 16.15 mm, respectively. The Fridericia formula for the mean QTc interval gives a value of 357.14 ms, a standard deviation of 34.072 ms, and a 95% confidence interval of 349.36–364.93 ms. Since a newborn's heart rate typically exceeds 100 beats/min, the measurement of QTc using the Fridericia formula more accurately predicts QTc in the newborn. The mean heart rate was 125.75 beats/min, with a standard deviation of 15.44 beats/min, and the 5th and 95th percentiles were 93.7 and 149 beats/min, respectively.

Conclusions:

The “R” wave mean amplitude in lead V1 was 11.56 mm, with a 2.96 mm standard deviation; the fifth and ninety-fifth percentiles, respectively, were 6.85 mm and 16.15 mm. The population's “R” wave in the lead V1 exhibits racial differences in amplitude.
Mortality in Soft-tissue Infections
Authors: Purushothaman Vijayan , Abraham Deepak Thomas , Kandasamy Subramani
Published: October 2023

Background:

Soft-tissue infections are a common emergency surgical problem. The delayed presentation will lead to significant mortality and morbidity. There is no proper prognostication model available for this disease. Hence, we proposed this study to find factors predicting mortality in soft-tissue infections.

Methodology:

We conducted a case control study with a calculated sample size of 110. All the patients with soft-tissue infections who presented to our hospital were included after written consent. The data collected were analyzed for finding significant parameters predicting mortality using both univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results:

The factors that predicted mortality are, the requirement of ventilation during the treatment with a P = 0.000 (confidence interval [CI] - 0.001–0.074), and dialysis with a P = 0.026 (CI - 0.004–0.701). If these parameters were present during treatment for soft-tissue infections, the chances of mortality are high.

Conclusion:

Patients who require ventilator and dialysis assistance during treatment can be anticipated to have mortality from soft-tissue infections.