bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What is the association between IPV and Fertility in Uganda?
Authors: Frade Sasha , Odimegwu Clifford
Published: April 2018

IPV, which emanates as a severe consequence of gender inequality in society, is the most pervasive form of IPV as most cases of abuse is perpetrated by intimate partners and has major health consequences for women. Women with a history of abuse are also at increased risk of reproductive health outcomes; such as high parity, inconsistent and lower levels of contraceptive use, unintended pregnancies, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Despite concerted efforts by African governments, fertility levels in the region remain high. Africa is the region that has been least responsive to family planning programmes. This study investigates the associations between IPV and fertility in Uganda, using the Ugandan Demographic and Health Survey of 2011. Adult women of reproductive ages (15-49) that were included in the domestic violence module of the individual recode, were included in this study. Univariate, bivariate analysis, and unadjusted and adjusted Poisson Regression models were conducted for children ever born and the different forms of IPV (emotional, physical and sexual), as well as the socio-demographic and women’s empowerment variables. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses show a strong association between both these pervasive health problematics; and may therefore be one of the unexplained proximate determinants of persistently high fertility in countries such as Uganda. These results have important implications for understanding both the fertility transition in Uganda, but also for programmes and policies addressing unwanted pregnancies and unmet need for contraception that is driving fertility up, and IPV amongst women which we know from previous work has severe reproductive health outcomes but which we have now identified is a contributor to high fertility as well.
Electroplating wastes
Authors: Reis M. Teresa A. , Ismael M. Rosinda C.
Published: April 2018

Electroplating and other metal finishing industries, like every metal and metallurgical industry, are associated with the generation of waste. Spent electroplating baths, waste pickle liquors, etching solutions and rinse waters from electroplating units and steel finishing operations are complex solutions containing acids and several hazardous metals. It is compulsory, for environmental and economic reasons, to treat these solutions for recovering acid, metals and/or reusing these solutions/waters. This article is a review on the characterization of the wastes that are generated in electroplating industry, steel processing and copper etching in printed circuit boards manufacture, as well as on the treatment and regeneration methods of such streams. Various techniques, such as neutralization, crystallization, evaporation, pyrohydrolysis, electrodialysis, ion exchange, classical solvent extraction and membrane-based solvent extraction are presented, their advantages and disadvantages being scrutinized.
Dosimetric characterization of novel polycarbonate/porphyrin film dosimeters for high dose dosimetry: study on complexation effect
Authors: Noorin Eftekhar Sadat , Feizi Shahzad , Dehaghi Shahram Moradi
Published: April 2018

Two novel radiochromic films with 20 μm thickness were made from casting of solutions of polycarbonate (PC) containing 0.5 wt.% tetra phenyl porphyrin (TPPH2) and 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphine iron(III) chloride (Fe-TPP). Dosimetric characterization of the films as routine dosimeters were studied by spectrophotometric method. On subjecting TPPH2/PC and Fe-TPP/PC film dosimeters to gamma radiation, radiolytic bleaching of films was observed. The effects of metal-complexation on the radiation response of the film dosimeters were studied under 60Co γ-rays exposure in dose range of 0–100 kGy. The results were also compared with the PC/TPPF20 (PC/tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) porphyrin) dosimeter to evaluate the substituent effect (role of fluorine groups). Experimental parameters including humidity, temperature and pre-irradiation (shelf-life) and post-irradiation storage in dark and in indirect sunlight were examined. The maximum absorbance of Soret band of dyes had meaningful shifts and reduction which arose from complexation and substituents. The dyed films characteristics were found to be stable enough in media with high degrees of temperature and humidity. The results indicate that the radiation-induced decoloration of TPPH2/PC and Fe-TPP/PC films can be reliably tuned and used in high dose dosimetry.
Effect of water chemistry on Eu(III) biosorption by magnetic bioadsorbent
Authors: Li Fengbo , Li Xiaoyu , Cui Pu
Published: April 2018

In this study, magnetic biosorbent was fabricated by chemical co-precipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) on the surface Paeclomyces catenlannulatus (P. catenlannulatus) by adding NaOH solution under N2 conditions. The influence of water chemistries (i. e. pH, reaction time, temperature, concentration and ionic strength) on Eu(III) biosorption towards magnetic biosorbent was elucidated by batch technique. The batch experiment showed that Eu(III) biosorption on magnetic biosorbent was independent of ionic strength, suggesting that inner-sphere-surface-complexation predominated Eu(III) biosorption. The biosorption kinetics showed the sorption equilibrium was achieved at reaction time of 24 h, and the maximum biosorption capacity of Eu(III) on magnetic biosorbent calculated by Langmuir model was 69.45 mg/g at pH 3.5 and 298 K. The regeneration experiments showed the slight decrease of biosorption capacity after the fifth recycles. These results suggested that this magnetic biosorbent presented the fast biosorption rate and high biosorption capacity for Eu(III). The results of XPS analysis revealed that various oxygenated function groups (e.g. carboxyl, hydroxyl groups) were responsible for the high effective biosorption of Eu(III). These findings manifested that this magnetic biosorbent could be as a high-effective material for the immobilization and pre-concentration of radionuclides from aqueous solution in environment remediation.
Teachers’ Professional Development on Digital and Media Literacy. Findings and recommendations from a European project
Authors: Ranieri Maria , Bruni Isabella , de Xivry Anne-Claire Orban
Published: April 2018

Media and digital literacy are being increasingly recognized as a fundamental competence for teachers of 21st century, but teachers’ professional development is still far from coping with this emerging need. This paper aims at providing some recommendations for integrating media literacy into in-service teacher training programs. To this purpose, it will present the results of the experimentation carried out in three European training institutions within the framework of the European project e-MEL (e-Media Education Lab, 2014–17). The overall training process was monitored and evaluated ex-ante, ongoing and ex-post. This paper illustrates and discusses the main findings of the experimentation focusing on strengths and challenges for implementing a teacher training program on digital and media literacy. It concludes with some recommendations and more general reflections on future research directions.
Developments of solid-phase microextraction fiber coatings for environmental pharmaceutical and personal care products analysis
Authors: Portillo-Castillo Omar J. , Castro-Ríos Rocío , Chávez-Montes Abelardo , González-Horta Azucena , Cavazos-Rocha Norma , de Torres Noemí H. Waksman , Garza-Tapia Marsela
Published: April 2018

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a sample preparation technique with many applications that is being continuously developed. In this technique, the type of fiber coating plays a crucial role for extraction efficiency. Currently available commercial coatings have certain drawbacks that have been overcome by the development of new coatings based on novel materials; these have improved the efficiency of extraction, selectivity and stability of commercial coatings. Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) are one of the most important groups of emerging contaminants; however, some studies suggest that these compounds can cause adverse health effects. No official monitoring protocols for these compounds are currently available, so the establishment of analytical methods that allow their determination in environmental samples is required. The complexity of environmental samples together with the low concentration levels of these compounds makes necessary the use of sample preparation techniques capable of removing interferences, as well as preconcentrated analytes, and SPME is a very promising alternative to achieve this. This review describes the recent developments in SPME with classical and novel coatings and its applications for PPCP determination in environmental samples.
Planned stagnation? The economic plan vs. reality in the Czechoslovak railway sector of the 1970s and 1980s
Authors: Nigrin Tomáš
Published: April 2018

The article deals with the state of the railway sector in a centrally planned economy in Czechoslovakia in the 1970s and 1980s. It compares the “to-be” position of the Czechoslovak state railway with the real situation in the railway sector. The Czechoslovak railway sector changed a lot during the two analysed decades – it lost its superior position to road transport and showed evident signs of stagnation, even though a big part of economy was dependent on the railway transport. The position of railway transportation had weakened within the two decades and the country lost its stage by stage initiative in modernisation of the railway sector. The railway sector lost its pre-1970s sovereignty in transport and had become more dependent on the general situation of the Czechoslovak economy. It was the reason for stagnation as a result of development of the railway sector in late socialism in Czechoslovakia.
Long-run and Short-run Monetary Policy Transmission Channels in Lebanon
Authors: Awdeh Ali
Published: April 2018

This research detects the existence of monetary policy transmission mechanisms in Lebanon through which the actions of the central bank propagate. By adopting co-integration analysis and VECM frameworks, and by exploiting monthly data between January 1994 and December 2016, the research revealed the existence of a long-run interest rate channel, affecting both resident private sector deposits and credit to the private sector. Another short-run capital channel was revealed, affecting total credit provided by the banking sector. Additionally, the empirical results show that (1) deposit inflows are not attracted by high interest rates, but stimulated by confidence provided by large foreign currency reserves held by the central banks; (2) non-residents deposit inflows could represent a substitute for local credit; (3) banks pass-through any increase in funding cost to borrowers; and (4) an increase in external interest rates may trigger deposit outflows.
Groupuscular identity-creation in online-communication of the Estonian extreme right
Authors: Madisson Mari-Liis , Ventsel Andreas
Published: April 2018

For explaining the dispersed extreme right movements that are presently flourishing in the online sphere, British historian and political theorist Roger Griffin has elaborated the concept ofgroupuscular right. The groupuscular right can be characterized by the non-hierarchic and the rhizomatic structure of intra-groupuscular communication. Our study on Estonian groupuscular right complements it with the ideas of cultural semiotics that help to explicate self-descriptions of particular groupuscular nodes (e.g., blog posts) but also to analyze their relations with other extreme right groupuscules and with the radical online sphere as a whole. Although the extreme right’s communication has become more heterogeneous in its form and content, it is still possible to distinguish central and peripheral meanings. Our approach allows us to understand a seemingly paradoxical problem: why, despite of the plurality of different view-points available on the web, are groupuscular communications still dominated by strict and homogeneous ways of modeling information.
Histopathology of Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome After Neoadjuvant Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy
Authors: Micev Marjan , Basaric Dragan , Micev Milena Cosic , Galun Danijel
Published: April 2018

Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome („blue liver syndrome“) has been frequently associated with oxaliplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with colorectal liver metastasis. Hepatotoxic vascular lesions in the nontumourous liver parenchyma result in hypoperfusion and tissue hypoxia leading to lower tumour response to oncologic treatment and to increase the risk of liver metastasectomies. Furthermore, hepatic parenchyma injuries could be aggravated by hepatic resection itself. Contrary to standard surgical techniques, radiofrequency assisted liver resection significantly reduce harmful intraoperative blood loss and perfusion-reperfusion effects. We compared histological alterations in 59 specimens of bloodless radiofrequency-assisted liver recetions made for colorectal metastases to those in 38 specimens of standard liver resections. In general, the main histologic alterations in both examined groups related to oxaliplatin include SOS lesions (69.35%), fibrosis (50.95%) and steatosis (38%). After scoring of histopathological parameters based on modified criteria according to Rubbia-Brandt et al., they were statistically insignificant between both groups for portal and/or porto-portal fibrosis (59.3% vs 47.4%, respectively) and moderate/severe macrovacuolar steatosis (10.2% vs 26.3%). Similar distribution between groups was shown for surgical hepatitis with „borderline“ statistical significance (23,7% vs 42,1%, p= 0.05). However, there were significant differencies in vascular lesions, particularly for hemorrhagic centrilobular necrosis (10,2% vs 31,5%, p= 0.01) and peliosis (15,2% vs 36,8%, p= 0.04), but were not significant for sinusoidal dilatation and congestion as well as surgical necrosis. Highgrade vascular lesions such as hemorrhagic centrilobular necrosis and peliosis are less frequent in cases of radiofrequency-assisted liver recetions and might be associated with better clinical outcome in these patients.
Comprehension of Spatial Metaphors After Right Hemisphere Stroke: A Case Report
Authors: Kljajevic Vanja , Vranes-Grujicic Milenka , Raskovic Katica
Published: April 2018

Studying how spatial information interacts with figurative language processing in right-hemisphere (RH) stroke patients is a relatively neglected area of research. The goal of the present case study was to establish whether an ischemic lesion in the right temporo-parietal region causing spatial neglect would affect comprehension of sentence-level spatial metaphors, since some evidence indicates the crucial role of the RH in metaphor processing. The patient under study showed some degree of cognitive impairment (e.g., in spatial and verbal working memory, executive control, visuo-spatial matching skills). However, his comprehension of spatial metaphors was preserved. This case illustrates that RH damage does not necessarily affect comprehension of sentence-level spatial metaphors.
The influence of pre- and perioperative administration of gabapentin on pain 3–4 years after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Kjær Petersen Kristian , Lunn Troels Haxholdt , Husted Henrik , Hansen Lars Tambour , Simonsen Ole , Laursen Mogens Berg , Kehlet Henrik , Arendt-Nielsen Lars
Published: April 2018

Background and aims:

Approximately 20% of patients having total knee arthroplasty (TKA) will experience chronic postoperative pain. Recently, preoperative pain facilitation has been associated with chronic pain after TKA, and gabapentin has been shown to decrease pain facilitation. The current study is a secondary follow-up of a primary RCT investigating the effect of gabapentin on acute postoperative pain after TKA and exploring the effect of pre- and perioperative administration of gabapentin on chronic postoperative pain and psychological state 3–4 years after TKA.

Methods:

Patients scheduled for TKA were randomized to either gabapentin 1,300 mg/day, gabapentin 900 mg/day, or placebo daily from 2-h before and 6 days after operation. Pre- and 3–4 years postoperatively pain scores related to pain while walking, at rest, when flexing the hip or the knee were collected. At the same time, the pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) and hospital anxiety and depression scale subscales for anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D) were collected.

Results:

Lower postoperative pain while walking, flexing the hip, and at rest were found compared with preoperative scores (p<0.03), but these were not associated with gabapentin treatment (p>0.19). Significantly lower postoperative PCS and HADS-A scores were seen compared with preoperative scores (p<0.001), but these were not associated with gabapentin treatment (p>0.55).

Conclusions:

The current study found that pre- and perioperative administrations of gabapentin do not influence the pain or psychological state 3–4 years after TKA.

Implications:

The current study does not support that short-term pre- and perioperative use of gabapentin can reduce the development of chronic postoperative pain after TKA.
Who Is Afraid of Skilled Migrants From Europe? Exploring Support for Immigration Control in Switzerland
Authors: Diehl Claudia , Hinz Thomas , Auspurg Katrin
Published: April 2018

The paper analyses the role of economic and cultural threat in exploring support for immigration control in Switzerland. A factorial survey experiment enables us to look into different migrant characteristics. Results show more support for immigration control for Eastern Europeans and low-skilled migrants. However, German migrants do not gain acceptance due to being highly skilled, and their willingness to adapt culturally is crucial for native Swiss with a high level of national pride.
Civil Society and Democratic Socialization in Burundi. Return to an Ambiguous Complicity
Authors: Manirakiza Désiré
Published: April 2018

Without questioning the binomial Civil Society-Democracy, this study shows that with regard to the disturbed past of Burundi, the Civil Society cannot be the place to learn about values of democracy. The reflection highlights an institution whose agents, under the socio-financial and politico-ideological pressure, are not beyond the realm in which political power and other socioeconomic bonuses are gained.
Constitutional Justice in Credit Crises. The Hungarian Case
Authors: Gárdos-Orosz Fruzsina
Published: April 2018

The economic crisis of 2008 brought about a rapid depreciation in the exchange rate of the Hungarian forint (HUF). Debtors in Hungary had borrowed money in foreign currencies—especially the Swiss franc—and now found themselves in a significantly deteriorating situation. The consequences of increased indebtedness reached all levels of society. On various grounds, consumers took out numerous civil law proceedings to challenge consumer loan agreements. Questions raised by these lawsuits were, several times, brought to Hungary’s Supreme Court, and were then taken to the legislature. The legislative acts and judicial decisions that ensued were subsequently reviewed by the Constitutional Court of Hungary. This article analyses the case law the Constitutional Court applied in this crisis situation, and brings out the lack of balancing capacity in the constitutional adjudication. Referring to the principles of basic Rule of Law, the author makes a critical assessment of the new constitutional ideas, measures and legal solutions that emerged.
Risk Analysis of Propulsion System based on Similarity Measure and Weighted Fuzzy Risk Priority Number in FMEA
Authors: Zhou Hang , Yang Yuan-Jian , Huang Hong-Zhong , Li Yan-Feng , Mi Jinhua
Published: April 2018

Due to the epistemic uncertainty, it is difficult for the experts to give precise parameter values in Risk Priority Number (RPN) evaluations. To overcome this drawback, a hybrid method is proposed by integrating the concepts of fuzzy set theory, weight analysis and similarity value measure of fuzzy numbers. The analysis process is divided into two phases to identify the hazard source. The first phase uses fuzzy Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), then the main potential failure modes can be determined. The importance analysis of basic events can be calculated using fuzzy set theory and weight analysis. In the second phase, the multiple failure modes and component correlations are modelled using the Fuzzy Risk Priority Number (FRPN) evaluation and the Similarity Measure Value Method (SMVM). The proposed method has been applied to the risk analysis of a satellite propulsion system to show the effectiveness and applicability.
Wittgenstein’s Vienna around 1900
Authors: Munz Volker
Published: April 2018

Even more than 60 years after his death the interest in Wittgenstein’s philosophy is still unbroken. Within the last two or three decades, however, we can observe an additional emphasis on the philosopher’s personality and his socio-cultural background. One way of explaining this development is the assumption that the work of an author, artist, or other intellectual cannot be separated from the person and his or her biographical setting. If this thesis is correct, one also has to take into account the lifeworld context within which any kind of intellectual oeuvre is ingrained. In this paper I try to give a very rough sketch of Wittgenstein’s Vienna and its socio-economic and cultural milieu around 1900.
Culture as a Monastic Rule
Authors: Albinus Lars
Published: April 2018

The German philosopher Peter Sloterdijk has taken a considerable interest in Wittgenstein’s concept of culture. The title of his book Du mußt dein Leben ändern, which is a quote from Rilke, also reflects one of Wittgenstein’s remarks, and Sloterdijk devotes a whole chapter to another quote, namely that “Culture is a monastic rule”, as Wittgenstein put it in 1948. Sloterdijk argues that Wittgenstein’s philosophy was, from the beginning, irreversibly formed by the secessionist movement in fin-de-siecle Vienna, and that he remained a cultural elitist at heart through his whole life. Thus Sloterdijk regards the concept of “language games” as ascetic instructions en miniature and reads Wittgenstein’s late philosophy as a veiled criticism of the so-called culture of his society, that is, “life forms” among ordinary language users who are blind to their own proclivities. I regard this interpretation as a gross misconception of Wittgenstein’s inclinations but also as a welcome opportunity to make some necessary distinctions between Wittgenstein’s views of culture in different phases of his philosophy.
On Certainty, Epistemic Incommensurability and Epistemic Relativism
Authors: Salvatore Nicola Claudio
Published: April 2018

In this paper, I present Wittgenstein’s remarks on the structure of reason, drawing on the notions of “hinges” he developed in On Certainty. I then outline some of the unpalatable relativistic consequences that can be extracted by Wittgenstein’s epistemological views. Then, developing the similarities between Wittgenstein’s treatment of “hinges” and his views on metrology and religious beliefs, I aim to show that his remarks on the structure of reason, once correctly understood and developed, can help us to block rather than license relativistic conclusions. I argue that following Wittgenstein’s views on epistemology, we should be able to dismiss all the cases of apparent unsolvable disagreement between communities committed to radically different worldviews; this is so because, once seen in the light of his conception of the structure of reason, these disagreements are either solvable, as they are based on lack of knowledge and can thus be solved through education and training, or are mere pseudo-problems that stem from misguided comparisons between constitutively different language games and are thus the result of a misleading way of representing the nature and aim of our epistemic practices.
Voices of Resolution and Resistance in Indian Women’s Poetry
Authors: Uniyal Ranu
Published: April 2018

Contemporary Indian women’s writing is a challenge to existing male ethos and sexual ideology based on unequal power relations. Earlier domesticity and sexual relations were couched in silence and acceptance; today, they have become an intrinsic part of feminist discourse. Indian women poets converse in a language that threatens the status quo and propose to open up a separate space for those on the margins. The paper examines the essence of power dynamics in contemporary Indian women’s poetry in English. Poetry with its hidden metaphors and lilting images demonstrates an urge to dissolve the barrier between speech and silence. It also demands to be read differently. The desire to write leads to the ability to act with courage.
Alternative Literary Modernities: A Voice from Colonial Punjab
Authors: Minocha Arti
Published: April 2018

This paper looks at the formation of colonial print publics in Punjab, the gendered subjectivities that emerged in this new discursive space, and middle-class women’s deployment of print to articulate the self. This will be done through a close reading of one of the first novels in English, Cosmopolitan Hinduani, which was published in Lahore, Punjab, by a woman in 1902. The essay examines the narrator’s notion of a gendered cosmopolitanism and the subject position that it affords, her attempt at going beyond the fault lines of religion to articulate a liberal and modern political subject, while reworking the cosmopolitan/local binary. How does her insertion of herself as a gendered subject in the provincial, national, cosmopolitan imaginary reflect in the author’s choice of language and genre? My attempt will be to see the novel and its author as part of a literary culture in which she made certain choices about the form, language, content, and audience.
Splitting/Violating the “New Indian Woman” in Shashi Deshpande’sThe Dark Holds No Terrors(1980)
Authors: Gunaseelan Poonkulaly
Published: April 2018

The dialectics of tradition and modernity in the South Asian context often focus on the female body. Developing this discourse, Sunder Rajan [Sunder Rajan, Rajeswari (1993).Real and Imagined Women: Gender, Culture and Postcolonialism. London: Routledge.] discusses a new brand of woman that features in contemporary culture: the “New Indian Woman.” This figure is able to perfectly harmonize the conflict between tradition and modernity and negotiate seamlessly between the public and private spheres. Based on close readings, I will extend Sunder Rajan’s analysis of the New Indian Woman to Shashi Deshpande’s 1980 novelThe Dark Holds No Terrors. Informed by ideas of embodiment, silence and performance, this paper considers how the unobtainability of the New Indian Woman myth in Deshpande’s novel results in a splitting of the self for the protagonist, Sarita. I argue that the splitting of the self occurs on two levels: while represented as a psychological breakdown experienced by Sarita, I contend that it is also reflected as a corporeal act through the violating literary depiction of rape.
Divine Strategies against Abuse of Power in the Opening of the Book of Isaiah and the Exodus Story. Some Aspects where Micah is not Similar to Isaiah
Authors: Eck Joachim
Published: April 2018

Israels Gott wirft nicht nur hochmütige Supermächte wie Assyrien (vgl. Jes 10) und Ägypten (vgl. Ex 1– 15) zu Boden, sondern auch überhebliche israelitische Anführer (vgl. Jes 1–12). Dies lädt zu einem Vergleich zwischen dem Ergehen Ägyptens in Ex 1–15 und dem der judäischen politischen Elite in Jes 1–12 ein. Der Vergleich zeigt eine Reihe spezifischer, theologisch bedeutsamer Ähnlichkeiten auf. Beide Protagonisten werden zu Unterdrückern des Gottesvolks, dessen Schrei JHWH hört. Er antwortet, indem er einen Propheten mit dem Auftrag beruft, das Herz der Unterdrücker zu verstocken. Infolgedessen ignorieren letztere die ihnen verkündeten Gerichtsansagen, bis JHWHs Gericht sie niederwirft. Im Makrokontext schlagen nach dem mosaischen Schema gestaltete Berufungsberichte (Ri 6:11–14; 1 Sam 9:1–10:16) einen Bogen zwischen Ex und Jes. Sie kennzeichen Israels Entwicklung von einer Gemeinschaft, die unter fremden Unterdrückern leidet, hin zu einer Gesellschaft, wo Pharao-ähnliche Unterdrücker zum Nachteil der Schwachen die Führung übernommen haben. Die Tatsache, dass Micha keine vergleichbare narrative Struktur aufweist, charakterisiert ihn als andersartigen Prophetentypen.
»… et a plerisque nunc loukianeios dicitur«: Jerome’s Statements on the Greek Biblical Texts and Modern Septuagint Scholarship
Authors: Kreuzer Siegfried
Published: April 2018

Der Beitrag erinnert daran, dass es neben der berühmten Bemerkung des Hieronymus über die trifaria varietas des griechischen Bibeltextes in seiner Vorrede zur Chronik eine andere Aussage in seinem Brief an Sunnia und Fretela gibt, wo er nur von zwei Textformen spricht, nämlich dem alten, allgemein verbreiteten Septuagintatext, der jetzt von den meisten als lukianisch bezeichnet wird, und dem hebraisierten Text, wie er auch in den hexaplarischen Kodizes zu finden ist. Der Beitrag untersucht den Hintergrund der beiden Statements und setzt sie in Beziehung zu neueren Erkenntnissen der Septuagintaforschung.
To Err is Human, Unless You’re a Prophet: Isaiah and Micah on Prophetic Opposition
Authors: Hibbard Todd
Published: April 2018

Diese Studie untersucht wie das Micha- und Jesajabuch Propheten darstellen, denen sie sich widersetzen. Schlüsselfragen sind dabei: Wie stellen sie jeweils die prophetische Opposition dar? Welche rhetorischen Strategien werden verwendet, um anderen Propheten zu entgegnen? Inwieweit ist es möglich zu wissen, in welchen politischen und sozialen Zusammenhängen diese Konflikte auftreten? Die Studie konzentriert sich auf Micha 3,5–11 und Jesaja 28,7–10 als Abschnitte, die den Blick auf prophetischer Opposition in jedem Prophetenbuch offenlegen. Eine genaue Lektüre dieser Abschnitte lässt den Schluss zu, dass jeder Prophet bestimmte Strategien teilte, jedoch wichtige Unterschiede im sozialen Kontext, der für jeden Prophet in ihren Büchern angenommen wird, die rhetorischen und strategischen Differenzen erklären.
Wahlplakat-Busting. Formen und Funktionen einer (neuen) Textmustermischung
Authors: Michel Sascha , Pappert Steffen
Published: April 2018

From a linguistic point of view, this article deals with election poster busting, a widespread practice in which the elements of the text type “election poster” and its text-image-combinations are alienated by processes of resemiotisation. In addition to a corpus-based typology of the practices used in this context, a qualitative analysis of case studies from theBundestagelection campaign 2017 shows that satirical-playful, thematic-discursive and successive (and thus complex) alienation practices are carried out during poster busting. Depending on the respective practices, this can lead to differently pronounced blend of text pattern, i. e.Textmustermischungen(Fix 2008a), which are characterized by a change in content and function. Thus, the function of CAMPAIGNING, which is written into the original poster, is surpassed by that of CRITICISING which not only questions the individual poster but also the communicative power relations in the public space.
Erwartungen an eine korpusbasierte lexikografische Ressource zur ‚Lexik des gesprochenen Deutsch in der Interaktion‘: Ergebnisse aus zwei empirischen Studien
Authors: Meliss Meike , Möhrs Christine , Ribeiro Silveira Maria
Published: April 2018

Two empirical studies were carried out in the project „Lexik des gesprochenen Deutsch” (LeGeDe) at the Institute for the German Language (IDS) in Mannheim. The main goal of these studies was to shed light on people’s expectations of the planned lexicographical online-resource. In the first study, selected experts were interviewed in the form of a guided interview. In the second study, a broader online survey was conducted, which should reach a wider range of potential users. This contribution introduces the basic concepts of the project LeGeDe, outlines the two studies and presents selected results on four subject blocks: (i) sociodemographic data, (ii) personal use of (online) dictionaries, (iii) individual experience with the lexis of spoken language and (iv) expectations concerning a lexicographical online-resource for spoken German.
Benennen – Verorten – Abgrenzen: Sprachliche Praktiken zur Konstitution neuer Ansätze als Teil der Germanistischen Linguistik
Authors: Kalwa Nina
Published: April 2018

The process of scientific knowledge generation is accompanied by an on-going transformation of the corresponding scientific discipline. Scientists develop new theories and methods and discard old ones. Thus, scientific disciplines can be considered as a result of negotiations within the scientific community. The paper focuses on the following questions: Which theories, methods and sub-disciplines do scientists regard as part of a scientific discipline? How do scientists label and define these theories, methods and sub-disciplines? Which linguistic practices do scientists apply to authorize new scientific approaches? With recourse to “The Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact” by Ludwik Fleck as well as “Epistemic cultures” and “The manufacture of knowledge” by Karin Knorr-Cetina, the paper shows why it is reasonable to see science as a social practice. It also discusses the role language plays when linguists try to establish new approaches and focuses on the linguistic practices of labeling, locating and defininig.
Praseodymium – A Competent Dopant for Luminescent Downshifting and Photocatalysis in ZnO Thin Films
Authors: Narayanan Nripasree , Deepak N.K.
Published: April 2018

Highly transparent and conducting Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films doped with Praseodymium (Pr) were deposited on glass substrates by using the spray pyrolysis method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the polycrystallinity of the deposited films with a hexagonal wurtzite structure, whereas the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis confirmed the incorporation of Pr in the films. The optical energy gap decreased by Pr doping due to the merging of the conduction band with the impurity bands formed within the forbidden gap. The room temperature photoluminescence spectra of the Pr-doped film showed enhancement of visible emission, suggesting efficient luminescent downshifting. The photocatalytic activity of the Pr-doped films is higher than that of undoped films due to the effective suppression of the rapid recombination of the photo-generated electron-hole pairs. The impurity levels formed within the forbidden gap act as efficient luminescent centers and electron traps, which lead to luminescent downshifting and enhanced photocatalytic activity.
Mechanical, Electronic and Optical Properties of Two Phases of NbB4: First-Principles Calculations
Authors: Yang Ruike , Ma Shaowei , Wei Qun , Zhang Dongyun
Published: April 2018

As transition metal borides have been successfully synthesised, the study of the combination of transition metal and boron is another effective way to investigate the properties of boride. We have predicted the novel phase Amm2-NbB4. Using the Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package (CASTEP) code, we further researched on the mechanical, electronic and optical properties of C2/c- and Amm2-NbB4. It is found that both the phases of NbB4 are dynamically and mechanically stable at 0 and 100 GPa. Their Vickers hardness values are both 34 GPa, which indicate that they are hard materials. The band gap of C2/c-NbB4 is 0.145 eV, which indicates that it is a semiconductor (or metalloid) at 0 GPa. For the Amm2-NbB4, the band structure without band gap indicates it is a metal at 0 GPa. The optical properties of these two structures are similar. At 0 eV, the real part of dielectric function is 28.8 for C2/c-NbB4, and the real part value for Amm2-NbB4 is 43. We hope our work will provide some help to the experimental work about the technology of the material.
Fast Atom Ionization in Strong Electromagnetic Radiation
Authors: Apostol M.
Published: April 2018

The Goeppert–Mayer and Kramers–Henneberger transformations are examined for bound charges placed in electromagnetic radiation in the non-relativistic approximation. The consistent inclusion of the interaction with the radiation field provides the time evolution of the wavefunction with both structural interaction (which ensures the bound state) and electromagnetic interaction. It is shown that in a short time after switching on the high-intensity radiation the bound charges are set free. In these conditions, a statistical criterion is used to estimate the rate of atom ionization. The results correspond to a sudden application of the electromagnetic interaction, in contrast with the well-known ionization probability obtained by quasi-classical tunneling through classically unavailable non-stationary states, or other equivalent methods, where the interaction is introduced adiabatically. For low-intensity radiation the charges oscillate and emit higher-order harmonics, the charge configuration is re-arranged and the process is resumed. Tunneling ionization may appear in these circumstances. Extension of the approach to other applications involving radiation-induced charge emission from bound states is discussed, like ionization of molecules, atomic clusters or proton emission from atomic nuclei. Also, results for a static electric field are included.
Electrospun CuO Nanofibre Assemblies for H2S Sensing
Authors: Seitz Christoph , Werner Sebastian , Marschall Roland , Smarsly Bernd M.
Published: April 2018

Copper oxide (CuO) nanofibres are utilised to sense the toxic and abrasive gas hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the ppm (parts per million) range. The detection by CuO is based on a significant increase in the conductance upon the formation of CuS, and is thereby selective and sensitive towards H2S. Nanofibres outperform thin films of CuO by compensating the volumetric stress which occurs during sensing. Here, sensors are presented exhibiting up to 600 cycles of sensing and regeneration. To get further insights into the degradation of the fibres upon the reaction with H2S the sensors were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), resistance and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) measurements before and after cycling. SEM and TEM revealed a drastic change in morphology of the CuO fibres resulting in an undefined aggregate of nanoparticles after 600 cycles. Resistance and LSV measurements showed that the contacting and the measurement process itself are crucial factors for optimising long-term use of CuO-based H2S sensors.
Color-Enrichment Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Biorhythm-Friendly Backlighting
Authors: Erdem Talha , Demir Hilmi Volkan
Published: April 2018

Nanocrystals (NCs) offer great opportunities for developing novel light-emitting devices possessing superior properties such as high quality indoor lighting, efficient outdoor lighting, and display backlighting with increased color definition. The narrow-band emission spectra of these materials also offer opportunities to protect the human daily biological rhythm against the adverse effects of display backlighting. For this purpose, here we address this problem using color converting NCs and analyzed the effect of the NC integrated color converting light-emitting diode (NC LED) backlight spectra on the human circadian rhythm. We employed the three existing models including the circadian light, the melanopic sensitivity function, and the circadian effect factor by simultaneously satisfying the National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) requirements. The results show that NC LED backlighting exhibits (i) 33% less disruption on the circadian cycle if the same color gamut of the commercially available YAG:Ce LED is targeted and (ii) 34% wider color gamut while causing 4.1% weaker disruption on the circadian rhythm compared to YAG:Ce LED backlight if the NTSC color gamut is fully reproduced. Furthermore, we found out that blue and green emission peaks have to be located at 465 with 30 nm bandwidth and at 535 nm with 20 nm bandwidth, respectively, for a circadian rhythm friendly design while the red component offers flexibility around the peak emission wavelength at 636 nm as opposed to the requirements of quality indoor lighting. These design considerations introduced as a new design perspective for the displays of future will help avoiding the disruption of the human circadian rhythm.
Energy Transfer Between Single Semiconductor Quantum Dots and Organic Dye Molecules
Authors: Melnikau Dzmitry , Hendel Thomas , Linkov Pavel A. , Samokhvalov Pavel S. , Nabiev Igor R. , Rakovich Yury P.
Published: April 2018

An understanding of the mechanisms of energy transfer and conversion on the nanoscale is one of the key requirements for an implementation of highly efficient photonic nanodevices based on hybrid organic/inorganic nanomaterials. In this work we conduct steady-state and time resolved optical studies of the emission properties of an ensembles and single semiconductor quantum dots and attached organic dye molecules. We revealed that the luminescence intensity of a hybrid structure does not follow the blinking behavior of quantum dots. We also demonstrated an efficient single photon generation from single hybrid nanostructures which involves an energy transfer from donor to acceptor as main excitation source.
Una relación de amor-rechazo: Elías Nandino y Contemporáneos
Authors: Solórzano Esqueda Lilia
Published: April 2018

Este artículo intenta mostrar el tono de las relaciones personales, las afinidades de espíritu y las distancias entre algunos miembros destacados del grupo Contemporáneos y el poeta Elías Nandino. Se hace un registro de sus primeros contactos y se da cuenta de la proximidad que alcanzó la amistad entre el escritor jalisciense y Xavier Villaurrutia, particularmente; así como los puntos de encuentro y de disenso en ambas poéticas.
José María Bustillos, casi incorpóreo
Authors: Pascual Gay Juan
Published: April 2018

Existen muy pocos datos acerca de la vida y obra de José María Bustillos (1866-1899). Este artículo pretende articular la información más o menos disponible, a fin de ofrecer una semblanza de un escritor que gozó del cariño y del fervor de muchos de sus compañeros de generación, como José Juan Tablada, Francisco M. Olaguíbel, Chucho Urueta o Bernardo Couto Castillo. Con todo, las escasas noticias prefiguran una personalidad sensible y sencilla que hizo de la poesía su actividad preferente hasta su muerte sobrevenida a los treinta y tres años de edad.
El sueño y la muerte en Nostalgia de la muerte, de Xavier Villaurrutia, o de cómo definirse por la indefinición
Authors: Dorantes moreno Adriana Irais
Published: April 2018

El tema central de análisis, concerniente a Nostalgia de la muerte, del poeta mexicano Xavier Villaurrutia, es la unión entre el sueño y la muerte. Su poesía se sitúa en escenarios oscuros y oníricos en donde el poeta experimenta una constante imposibilidad de identificación de sí mismo y de los otros. Sueño y muerte, elementos con antecedentes en el barroco y el romanticismo, son retomados en una propuesta que más que exaltar a la muerte, busca una reafirmación de la vida.
De la Casa de Salomón a la Research University
Authors: Britt Arredondo Christopher
Published: April 2018

Este ensayo contempla las miserias de la vida académica en las Research Universities norteamericanas y propone un programa de regeneración intelectual que recupere las tradiciones esclarecidas de la historia moderna de la humanidad. Así, la distopía real de la actual vida académica se contrasta con la utopía esclarecida que Francis Bacon plantea en su Nova Atlantis. La tesis central de este ensayo es que para regenerar la vida intelectual hay que recuperar los ideales universales del esclarecimiento y generar nuevos espacios no académicos para la expresión, tanto científica como artística, de una conciencia humana coherente, íntegra y solidaria.
Sentir e inteligir en Husserl y Zubiri
Authors: Villa Sánchez José Alfonso
Published: April 2018

El carácter problemático de la esencia del sentir, de la esencia del inteligir y del modo como ambos se relacionan en el proceso del conocimiento está presente a lo largo de la historia de la filosofía. La crítica de Xavier Zubiri es que este problema ha sido tratado, desde Platón hasta Husserl, de manera dicotómica. Su tesis es que debe tratarse a la sensibilidad y a la inteligencia como una realidad estructural. En este texto damos cuenta del modo como Husserl se acercó a este antiguo problema, mostramos el tratamiento dicotómico que hay del asunto en sus investigaciones e iniciamos un contraste con la tesis de Zubiri en el sentido de que el sentir y la inteligencia conforman una sola estructura, la inteligencia sentiente.
La Philosophie der Arithmetik, de Edmund Husserl: sobre la fundamentación de la aritmética, del concepto de número al concepto de espacio
Authors: Canela Morales Luis Alberto
Published: April 2018

El primer libro publicado de Edmund Husserl, Filosofía de la aritmética, contiene una serie de tesis que el fundador de la fenomenología desarrollará, con detalle, en textos posteriores, por ejemplo: Investigaciones lógicas y Lógica formal y lógica trascendental. Esto nos sugiere que el análisis sobre el concepto de número que emprende Husserl en esta primera obra, lleva implícita una investigación que está revestida de conceptos “pre-fenomenológicos”, entre los que basta mencionar el concepto de percepción. Del mismo modo, Filosofía de la aritmética se presenta como uno de los primeros intentos husserlianos por pensar filosóficamente problemas propios de la ciencia, con lo que, el texto en cuestión se reviste de un valor fundamental que vale la pena hacer explícito.
Indestructibilidad en el voluntarismo metafísico de Schopenhauer
Authors: Higuero Francisco Javier
Published: April 2018

La teoría de la indestructibilidad de la naturaleza se halla en consonancia  con la concepción de la voluntad esgrimida por Schopenhauer. De hecho, la naturaleza pone de relieve que el  individuo se muestra incapaz de sobrevivir a la muerte. Sin embargo, lo que resulta ser indestructible es la especie, convertida en la objetivización de la voluntad. Afirma Schopenhauer que la voluntad, considerada como la cosa en sí, pudiera muy bien ser calificada de eterna, manteniéndose fuera de los límites temporales, dentro de los cuales habría que incluir a los meros fenómenos individuales y empíricos. Para dicho pensador la verdadera esencia de la naturaleza es la voluntad universal, que no fue creada de la nada y, por consiguiente, la muerte ni tiene poder sobre ella, ni se encuentra propensa a destruirla totalmente.
Los diagramas de Bolívar Echeverría: producción, consumo y circulación semiótica
Authors: Oliva Mendoza Carlos
Published: April 2018

En el ensayo estudio cinco diagramas de Bolívar Echeverría. A través de estos se plantea la ontología básica de Echeverría, su síntesis de los esquemas de la circulación mercantil capitalista y, finalmente, la formación de su diagramación del fenómeno semiótico.
José del Perojo y la “cuestión cubana”: la última fase del colonialismo político y económico español en América
Authors: Hermida de Blas Fernando
Published: April 2018

En este texto se reconstruye, en primer lugar, la biografía intelectual de José del Perojo, introductor en España del primer movimiento neokantiano (“Primera Escuela de Madrid”); en segundo lugar, se analiza la relación establecida en el pensamiento de  Perojo entre el neokantismo, el darwinismo social y la teoría de los partidos políticos; en tercer lugar, se explica cómo Perojo aplica a la “cuestión cubana” su pensamiento en torno a los tres ejes citados.
El obstáculo y la inquietud. Cinco estudios sobre Hegel
Authors: Arriaga Arroyo José Pedro
Published: April 2018

RESEÑA
El sastre de Ulm. El comunismo del siglo XX. Hechos y reflexiones
Authors: Ortega Esquivel Aureliano
Published: April 2018

RESEÑA