bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Black swan theory: legal policy of the Indonesian national healthcare
Authors: Budiono Arief , Absori Absori , Ngestiningrum Ayesha Hendriana , Dewi Elya Kusuma , Nurhayati Nunik , Arum Prastyanti Rina , Ibrahim Alisa
Published: April 2022

The Indonesian National Health Service (NHS) is part of Indonesia’s national social security system. Its implementation is full of problems, such as the rejection of patients, the NHS payment which is lower than the real health cost, sanctions, fines, etc. The Indonesian National Social Security System, especially the NHS services, was established by the state to give social protection to its citizens. The Black Swan Theory is based on the presumption that all swans are white, thus in this case, the Indonesian NHS is truly a program aimed to give social security in the health sector, just as the general conditions of social securities applied in other countries. This research studies this theory to explore the paradoxes which happen in the Indonesian NHS to find the black swan. In this case, the black swan is a paradoxical symbol regarding the regulations and the problems of the Indonesian NHS. This research uses the juridical-doctrinal or the normative method and is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Based on the Black Swan theory, this research tries to find paradoxical, extreme, and unpredictable discrepancies in the Indonesian NHS. It is found that the Indonesian NHS is a black swan or unpredicted according to black swan theory. The objectives, practices, and regulations of this NHS are truly different from the NHS which is supposed to be given to the Indonesians. It transfers the government’s burden in establishing the health service and the rights of the citizens to the citizens, coupled with the threat of sanctions which is unknown in NHS. The applied Indonesian NHS has an extensive impact on hundreds of millions of Indonesian citizens.
Law enforcement over illegal fishing to protect coral reefs during the Covid-19 pandemic in Buton
Authors: Dewi Indah Kusuma , Hardin Hardin , Asdin Asdin
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the role and obstacles faced by Fishery Civil Servant Investigators (FCSI) in the prevention and handling of Fisheries Crimes in the Buton Regency. With empirical legal methods, research data were obtained from direct interviews, showing that in 2018 there were two cases of destructive fishing using the fish bombing method, three cases in 2019, namely one case of fish bombing and two cases of exploitation of protected marine habitats, while in 2020 and 2021, there were two cases of fish bombing each. The results showed that Fisheries FCSI’s role constitutes prevention and prosecution for fisheries crime involving the destruction of ships that do not have permits for fishing vessels with sizes above 5 GT, exploitation of protected fish habitats, and fishing vessels failing to demonstrate proper seaworthiness. Fisheries crime cases that occur are fishing practices that involve the destruction of fish resources and aquatic habitats such as fish bombing, fish anesthesia, and the use of cyanide poison. Law enforcement during the covid-19 pandemic over these cases is carried out online at the witness examination stage or at a stage that involves the investigation of the suspect through a video conference interview. Provided that there is a Summoning Letter, based on Article 112 of the Criminal Procedure Code, the obstacles experienced by the Fisheries FCSI are influenced by internal factors in the form of lack of quality and quantity of supervision facilities and infrastructure, human resources, budget, and poor handling of evidence. Meanwhile, external factors involve the lack of public awareness to prevent the occurrence of fisheries crime, the lack of supporting facilities and infrastructure for the Supervisory Community Group, and weak coordination between law enforcement institutions.
The proprietary rights status of the apartment units held by foreign nationals in Job Creation Law
Authors: Solehuddin Solehuddin
Published: April 2022

The objective of this research is to examine how the polemics of the proprietary rights of apartment units are provided by the government for foreign nationals who temporarily reside in Indonesia to encourage the improvement of investment, especially in the property sector. This research employed normative-juridical methods by conducting library research involving books, journals or scientific articles, internet media, and statutory approach involving Law No. 20 the year of 2011 regarding Apartment Units, the Law on Job Creation. This research has learned that the Proprietary Rights granted by foreign nationals staying in Indonesia refer to property rights to own apartment units or apartment unit spaces, excluding the land underneath based on land rights, namely Proprietary Rights, Building Rights, and Usufructuary Rights. Granting the status of Proprietary Rights means that the foreign nationals who obtained apartments have the same rights as Indonesian citizens do. The ownership status of Property Rights is granted to foreign nationals. The government in its program of providing apartments for the Low-Income Communities (LIC) should also give legal certainty to the communities.  Due to the large number of investors entering Indonesia, it is feared that procurement of apartments for the LIC will be marginalized by the construction of Apartments special for foreign nationals.  Therefore, the government should determine which areas may be allowed for foreign nationals’ ownership, where in fact the expansion of this proprietary status is an implication of the economic sector for business interests in the property sector.
Vulnerabilidades experienciadas na escolarização de crianças e adolescentes com doenças crônicas: perspectiva dos profissionais da educação
Authors: Gabatz Ruth Irmgard Bärtschi , Milbrath Viviane Marten , Munsberg Klumb Milena , Vaz Ellen Costa , Nunes Nara Jací da Silva , Da Motta Maria da Graça Corso
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Conhecer a perspectiva dos profissionais de educação acerca das dificuldades enfrentadas na educação escolar de crianças e adolescentes com doenças crônicas, tendo em vista os aspectos de vulnerabilidade. Método: Estudo descritivo e exploratório de natureza qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada em uma cidade ao Sul do Brasil. Participaram quinze profissionais da educação que em seu cotidiano atendiam crianças ou adolescentes com doença crônica. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise temática e interpretados por meio do conceito de vulnerabilidade. Resultados: Emergiram três temas: vulnerabilidades programáticas vivenciadas na escolarização e cuidado a crianças e adolescentes com doença crônica; vulnerabilidades individuais experienciadas na relação da família com a escola e sua influência sobre o processo de escolarização; e vulnerabilidade social e o processo de escolarização de crianças e adolescentes com doenças crônicas. Conclusão: Evidencia-se a necessidade de um olhar apurado para as dimensões de vulnerabilidades vivenciadas, envolvendo a disponibilização de recursos humanos e materiais, a fim de minimizar adversidades e limitações na escolarização, objetivando sanar demandas individuais dos alunos, suas famílias e dos educadores.
Percepción de los pacientes hospitalizados respecto del cuidado de enfermería
Authors: Fernández-Silva Carlos Alberto , Mansilla-Cordeiro Edmundo João , Aravena Flores Andrea , Antiñirre Mansilla Betty , Garcés Saavedra María Isabel
Published: April 2022

Introducción: La atención humanizada requiere la interacción entre los conocimientos científicos y los valores, generando la necesidad de particularizar los cuidados, siendo esta una actividad esencial en enfermería. Objetivo: Analizar la percepción que tienen los usuarios hospitalizados respecto del cuidado humanizado que reciben por parte de las profesionales de enfermería. Metodología: Se desarrolló una investigación de tipo cuantitativa, descriptiva, correlacional y de corte transversal, que incluyó a los usuarios hospitalizados en los Servicios Clínicos de Medicina, Cirugía, Pensionado y representantes legales de pacientes menores de 18 años en Pediatría, de un hospital público ubicado en el sur de Chile, con una muestra de 377 participantes. Posterior a aplicación de consentimiento informado, se aplicó una caracterización sociodemográfica y el instrumento Percepción de Comportamientos de Cuidado Humanizado de Enfermería - versión 3, con adaptación transcultural para la población chilena, el cual fue complementado con otros datos pertinentes a los objetivos de la investigación. Resultados: Se encontró que las personas participantes en su mayoría reconocieron al profesional de enfermería por el uniforme, y pese a existir algunas diferencias en cada servicio, refirieron satisfacción con el cuidado recibido (84,6 %). Aspectos como la edad, el tiempo de hospitalización y el reconocimiento del personal de enfermería, evidenciaron relación estadística con la satisfacción. Conclusiones: Se requiere implementar estrategias para fortalecer la percepción del cuidado humanizado de enfermería, siendo estos aspectos una contribución para la construcción de un clima y cultura organizacional que evidencien esta perspectiva de cuidado.
A Logarithmic Bayesian Approach to Quantum Error Detection
Authors: Convy Ian , Whaley K. Birgitta
Published: April 2022

We consider the problem of continuous quantum error correction from a Bayesian perspective, proposing a pair of digital filters using logarithmic probabilities that are able to achieve near-optimal performance on a three-qubit bit-flip code, while still being reasonable to implement on low-latency hardware. These practical filters are approximations of an optimal filter that we derive explicitly for finite time steps, in contrast with previous work that has relied on stochastic differential equations such as the Wonham filter. By utilizing logarithmic probabilities, we are able to eliminate the need for explicit normalization and can reduce the Gaussian noise distribution to a simple quadratic expression. The state transitions induced by the bit-flip errors are modeled using a Markov chain, which for log-probabilties must be evaluated using a LogSumExp function. We develop the two versions of our filter by constraining this LogSumExp to have either one or two inputs, which favors either simplicity or accuracy, respectively. Using simulated data, we demonstrate that the single-term and two-term filters are able to significantly outperform both a double threshold scheme and a linearized version of the Wonham filter in tests of error detection under a wide variety of error rates and time steps.
Canonical quantisation of telegrapher's equations coupled by ideal nonreciprocal elements
Authors: Parra-Rodriguez Adrian , Egusquiza Iñigo L.
Published: April 2022

We develop a systematic procedure to quantise canonically Hamiltonians of light-matter models of transmission lines coupled through lumped linear lossless ideal nonreciprocal elements, that break time-reversal symmetry, in a circuit QED set-up. This is achieved through a description of the distributed subsystems in terms of both flux and charge fields. We prove that this apparent redundancy is required for the general derivation of the Hamiltonian for a wider class of networks. By making use of the electromagnetic duality symmetry in transmission lines (waveguides), we provide unambiguous identification of the physical degrees of freedom, separating out the nondynamical parts. This doubled description can also treat the case of other extended lumped interactions in a regular manner that presents no spurious divergences, as we show explicitly in the example of a circulator connected to a Josephson junction through a transmission line. This theory enhances the quantum engineering toolbox to design complex networks with nonreciprocal elements.
Microplastics In The Marine Environment, Presence In Water And Interaction With Marine Organisms.
Authors:   Lebanese University, Lebanon, Hobeika Nelly , Younes Afaf ,   Lebanese University, Lebanon
Published: April 2022

This study is done in the framework of CLAIM project (Cleaning Litter by developing & Applying Innovative Methods in European seas). The objective is to advance the knowledge on the current status of marine plastic pollution in the Gulf of Gabes area of the Mediterranean Sea, by quantifying and qualifying the microplastics in water and biota samples. The results obtained show a high abundance of microplastics in all marine compartments studied with an average abundance of 1.16 items/m3 ± 0.83 SD in the water sample. This concentration is relatively high compared to those reported in other Mediterranean regions. Dominance in number of fragments over other shapes of microplastics was reported in all sites. Polyethylene was the main plastic polymer for water samples (73% of the items analyzed are Polyethylene). These data underscore that the Gulf of Gabes region is a hotspot for plastic pollution, and this calls urgently for precautionary measures. Concerning the ingestion of microplastics by marine organisms, one blue plastic particle of 0.13 mm was found in 20 tested fishes. In addition, ecotoxicological tests were run in order to verify whether 1-4 and 20-25 μm polyethylene beads are likely to trigger lethal and sub-lethal responses in marine planktonic crustaceans and the results show that microplastics were accumulated in crustaceans, and may affect mortality.
Change Management in Higher Education: A New Perspective.
Authors:   Saint Joseph University, Beyrouth, Lebanon, Maroun Fouad , El Hage Ursula ,   Saint Joseph University, Beyrouth, Lebanon
Published: April 2022

Universities need to operate a transition from the common ‘traditional’ settings towards an education that contributes to a sustainable social change by preparing students to be change agents who care for others and for the well-being of society. We designed an interpretative qualitative approach using the unique case study of a Jesuit University, based on interviews with leaders of and participants to volunteering initiatives driven by that university. The objective of the study was to identify the drivers of change of the outreach model in higher education and analyze if the Jesuit way of doing things, or Jesuit tradition, is an effective tool to drive the change in universities. Five key drivers of change were identified (communication, participation, sharing, empathy and reflexivity), all in line with the characteristics of the Jesuit tradition. Both empathy and reflexivity are drivers of change, which were not cited in previous works on change management and may be considered as the study’s added value to the conceptual framework. The results of this study need to be confirmed on a larger sample of participants and would be enriched by a benchmarking work on Jesuit-led outreach bodies.
Role of New Opinion Leaders on Social Media in Political and Religious Polarization (Jordanian case study).
Authors:   Blanquerna Universitat Ramon Llull Facultat de Comunicacio, Spain., Kazkaz Lana
Published: April 2022

Social media brings to the fore new opinion leaders. Due to their supposed role in public debate as well as persuasion and promotion of opinions and new behaviours among users of such networks, they are called Influences. In the last few decades, communication research has explored opinion leaders as effective influences on their environments and societies. They present and interpret information, give opinions and adopt innovation before the audience, in addition to mediating between the audience and media in the communication process. More particularly, Facebook represents a new space for discussion in the Arab World. The phenomenon spread during the Arab Spring in 2011 and even expanded later. It took different forms, like the transfer of information, interpretation of incidents, and mobilization for mass events, political and cultural polarization and new critical discourse. However, what is taking place in cyberspace is still debatable. The present study looks into the new opinion leaders’ phenomenon in the Arab public sphere and their part in political and religious polarization. The discourse of posts on three Facebook accounts of new opinion leaders (Influences) in Jordan is analysed. As these figures play disparate roles in national political and cultural events and dilemmas, lessons can be derived from such a rising phenomenon. The study aims at exploring the discourse features of the posts addressing public issues which sparked widespread controversies in the period 2017-2018, such as the civil state, theocratic state, school curriculum reform and political reform in Jordan. Study has found that the new opinion leaders’ phenomenon on social media in Jordan is on the rise, in terms of political and religious polarization. That would reveal some characteristics and roles of new opinion leaders, in addition to the features of their discourse with reference to major political and religious issues and values as well as political and religious polarization.
Arabic Grammar by Mathematical Principles.
Authors:   Université Libanaise, Beirut, Lebanon, Nemer Abboud Mahmoud
Published: April 2022

In mathematics, any equation is formed from specific elements; these elements are connected to each other according to a system of relationships (Borowski, 1995). This system allows us to build the general rule for the equation or the mathematical issue; similarly, the sentence is formed from elements that have grammatical properties, which can be transformed to mathematical data. Hence, the elements or the words that carry the grammatical properties of the sentence correlate to each other to form a mathematical relation; this mathematical relation forms the theory of sentence construction. Therefore, the analysis process is correct when we can collect mathematical data contained within the elements; in other words, we indicate the mathematical data contained in the words located in a specific sentence. These mathematical data will form the elements of the mathematical theory of the Arabic sentence.
First record of the blackfish Centrolophus Niger (Teleostei: Centrolophidae) from the Lebanese waters in the eastern Mediterranean sea.
Authors:   Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut, LEBANON, badreddine Ali , Bitar Ghazi ,   Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut, LEBANON
Published: April 2022

A young specimen of the blackfish, Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789) was reported for the first time from the Lebanese waters. It was caught and photographed by a professional fisherman in Beirut, on 15th November 2014. The present note reports details about this first record.
Simulation-based Medical Education in Family Medicine Residencies: A CERA Study
Authors: Tenegra Johnny C. , Hoffman M. Rebecca , Mueller Luckey Georgia S. , DiLalla Lisabeth F. , Ledford Christy J.W.
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: To better understand the current use of simulation and barriers to its use in family medicine resident education, we surveyed US family medicine residency (FMR) program directors (PDs) about opinions and use of simulation-based medical education (SBME) in their programs. A number of specialties have incorporated or required simulation-based educational techniques in residency education over the past 10 years, but little is known about the current use of SBME in family medicine graduate medical education. We also evaluated associations between program characteristics and the use of SBME in FMR education.
Methods: Questions were included on the 2019 Council of Academic Family Medicine Education Research Alliance (CERA) survey of US FMR PDs. The survey included questions regarding current use of SBME along with questions to identify barriers to its use in family medicine programs.
Results: Thirty-nine percent (n=250) of PDs completed the survey; 84.5% reported using simulation. PDs reporting they did not use simulation were less likely to view simulation as valuable for education or assessment. Unexpectedly, residency program size was not associated with simulation use or access to a dedicated location for SBME.
Discussion: Use of SBME in family medicine resident education has increased since 2011. PDs value simulation for education and remediation, and most programs have introduced some degree of simulation despite barriers. The results of this study can inform resources to support the continued integration of SBME into family medicine resident education.
Medical Students’ Reactions to Uncertainty During Clinical Rotations
Authors: Kerr Anna M. , Thompson Charee M.
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Family physicians routinely manage uncertainty in their clinical practice. During their first year of clinical rotations, medical students learn communication and patient care skills that will influence the care they provide as future physicians. However, little is known about how their reactions to uncertainty change during this formative year, and medical education often fails to teach students how to manage uncertainty effectively. This study employs a repeated measures analysis of students’ reactions to uncertainty over the course of their third year.
Methods: We surveyed 273 medical students at four time points during their third year and employed hierarchical linear modeling to analyze a series of models in which phase and intolerance of uncertainty were entered as covariates. We modeled age and gender as control variables.
Results: Analyses revealed that students’ affective reactions to uncertainty did not significantly change during the third year, but reluctance to disclose uncertainty to physicians and patients significantly decreased across phases. Analyses also showed that general intolerance of uncertainty predicted affective reactions to medical-specific uncertainty.
Conclusions: These findings confirm that students experience negative reactions to uncertainty during clinical rotations. Students would benefit from curriculum designed to mitigate consequences of negative affective reactions to uncertainty, particularly those students characteristically higher in intolerance of uncertainty. Given that students demonstrated more willingness to communicate about their uncertainty over time, medical school should equip students with the communication skills needed to discuss their uncertainty effectively with patients and preceptors.
Using Photovoice to Explore Family Medicine Residents’ Burnout Experiences and Resiliency Strategies
Authors: Odom Amy , Romain Amy , Phillips Julie
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Physician burnout is well described in the literature. In response, experts are now shifting to try to understand physician resiliency. We sought to better understand burnout and resiliency from the perspective of family medicine residents through the qualitative analysis of photographs and discussion.
Methods: We used Photovoice, a qualitative research method, to understand how residents describe and cope with burnout. Faculty assigned residents at a Midwest family medicine residency program to take photographs and provide captions that reflected personal experiences of burnout and resilience. Residents viewed the collective photographs and discussed their impact during three audio-recorded small-group sessions. Researchers qualitatively analyzed the captions and recordings using a hermeneutic phenomenology approach, and analyzed the visual content of the photographs using a standardized rubric.
Results: We identified six themes for the resident description of burnout: basic needs deficiency, physical exhaustion, self-neglect, personal depletion, being overwhelmed, and feeling like an outsider. Six themes were also identified for cultivating resilience: self-care, nurturing relationships, seeking the comforts of home, escaping to refuel, self-reflection, and identifying strengths from adversities. Resilience pictures were more likely to have been taken in a natural setting; burnout photographs were duller in color.
Conclusions: Family medicine residents experience burnout in specific, unique ways, and are able to identify common sources of resilience. Family medicine educators can use the Photovoice methodology to help residents capture their personal experiences of burnout, share their experiences with peers, and discover sources of resilience.
A multidisciplinary pediatric oncofertility team durably improves fertility preservation and counseling across 7 years
Authors: Ligon John , Hayashi Masanori , Ciampa Devon , Cramer Kara , Guastella Alfredo , Fuchs Robert , Herati Amin , Christianson Mindy , Chen Allen
Published: April 2022

We report outcomes 7 years following implementation of a pediatric
oncofertility team. We compare our baseline oncofertility survey to 44
post-intervention survey respondents and electronic medical record
documentation for 149 patients treated in 2019. 95% of
post-intervention survey respondents recalled fertility counseling
(baseline 70%, p=0.004) and 89.3% were appropriately referred for
fertility preservation (baseline 50%, p=0.017). Counseling was
documented in 60.4% of charts; 81% of patients were appropriately
referred for fertility preservation. Fertility preservation outcomes
differed by sex. Creation of an oncofertility team produced sustained
improvements in fertility counseling and fertility preservation
referral.
Is COVID-19 the culprit for critical illness-associated cerebral microbleeds and encephalopathies or a marker of severe disease: a case series
Authors: Safan Abeer , Khatib Mohamad , Alwraidat Mohammad , Imam Dr. Yahia , Altermanini Mohammad , ALMUGHALLES SALAH , Al-Assaf Anood , Olish Mariam , Elshafei Moustafa , Nashwan Abdulqadir
Published: April 2022

Critical illness-associated cerebral microbleeds and leukoencephalopathy
related to COVID-19 infection are increasingly being recognized in the
literature. We report seven cases of COVID-19 with microbleeds in the
juxtacortical white matter and corpus callosum and one case of
leukoencephalopathy.
Risk-taking neonates do not pay a survival cost in a free-ranging large mammal
Authors: Amin Bawan , Verbeek Laura , Haigh Amy , Griffin Laura , Ciuti Simone
Published: April 2022

Recent debate has focused on whether variation in personality primarily
reflects variation in resource allocation or resource acquisition of
individuals. These two mechanisms differ in their expected patterns
between personality and survival. If personality mainly reflects
variation in resource allocation, then bold (i.e. risk-taking)
individuals are expected to live shorter, whereas the opposite pattern
is expected with resource acquisition. Here we studied the relationship
between neonate personality and early-life survival in 269 juveniles of
a population of fallow deer (Dama dama). We found that bolder
individuals were more likely to survive, and therefore, paid no apparent
survival cost. Interestingly, the physiological but not the behavioural
dimension of neonate boldness was directly linked to survival,
suggesting that these individuals may be of higher state than their
shyer counterparts. As the first study linking neonate personality to
survival in a free-ranging mammal, we provide novel insights into
drivers behind early-life individual variation.
Perioperative Dental Injury Associated With Intubated General Anesthesia
Authors: Kotani Taichi , Inoue Satoki , Kawaguchi Masahiko
Published: April 2022

Objective:

Factors related to perioperative dental injury have likely changed as a variety of airway devices and preventive measures have been introduced. This retrospective chart review used data from an institutional registry to evaluate the incidence, timing, and contributing factors of patient self-reported dental injury and to assess the impact of dental injury on patient satisfaction.

Methods:

Multivariate logistic analysis was performed on the records of 14,820 patients using the incidence of dental injury as the dependent variable and covariates in the anesthesia registry and a postoperative questionnaire as independent variables to investigate factors significantly associated perioperative dental injury. In addition, satisfaction with the anesthesia service was compared between patients with and without injury using a matched-pair population.

Results:

A total of 101 dental injuries were identified. Of those, 25% were associated with intubation and extubation in the operating room, while most other injuries occurred postoperatively. Duration of anesthesia (odds ratio [OR], 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–1.03) and emergency surgery (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.11–3.30) were independently associated with perioperative dental injury. Dental injury did not significantly decrease a patient's satisfaction with the anesthesia service (P = .441).

Conclusion:

Most perioperative dental injuries are unrelated to anesthesia procedures. However, the duration of anesthesia and emergency surgery were significantly associated with perioperative dental injury, while decreased patient satisfaction was not.
Kovanaze Intranasal Spray vs Traditional Injected Anesthetics: a Study of Pulpal Blood Flow Utilizing Laser Doppler Flowmetry
Authors: Thayer Scott , Townsend Janice A. , Peters Mathilde , Yu Qingzhao , Odom Mark , Sabey Kent A.
Published: April 2022

Objective:

An ideal local anesthetic would be effective, minimally reduce pulpal blood flow (PBF), and not require injection. This study compared the effects of 3% tetracaine plus 0.05% oxymetazoline nasal spray (Kovanaze; KNS) and injections using 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine (LE) or 3% mepivacaine plain (MP) on PBF, anesthetic efficacy, and participant preference.

Methods:

In a double-blind cross-over design, 20 subjects randomly received a test anesthetic and placebo at each of 3 visits (KNS/mock infiltration; mock nasal spray/LE; or mock nasal spray/MP). Nasal sprays and infiltration apical to a maxillary central incisor were delivered ipsilaterally. PBF was evaluated by laser Doppler flowmetry, and local anesthetic success was assessed with electric pulp testing. Postoperative pain levels, participant preference, and adverse events were also assessed.

Results:

LE injections demonstrated significant reductions in PBF at all time intervals compared with baseline (P < .05), whereas KNS and MP did not. Pulpal anesthesia success rates were higher for LE (85%) compared with MP (35%) and KNS (5%). Participants reported significantly higher postoperative pain levels for KNS compared with LE and MP. Additionally, KNS was the least preferred of the anesthetics administered and resulted in more reported adverse events.

Conclusion:

Although KNS showed no significant effect on PBF, it was not effective in achieving pulpal anesthesia as used in this study.
General Anesthetic Management of a Patient With Kleine-Levin Syndrome
Authors: Fujita Masatoshi , Mizuta Kentaro
Published: April 2022

Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare sleep disorder characterized by periodic hypersomnia and behavioral or cognitive disturbances. Although prolonged emergence from general anesthesia and postoperative hypersomnia may occur in a patient with KLS, there is little information about the safe anesthetic management of these patients. We describe the case of a 22-year-old female previously diagnosed with KLS who was scheduled to have her third molars extracted under general anesthesia. Because the patient had symptoms of periodic hypersomnia and hyperphagia, the surgery was scheduled during a KLS crisis interval. General anesthesia was induced with propofol, remifentanil, and rocuronium, and maintained with desflurane and remifentanil. To prevent overuse of anesthetic agents, an electroencephalogram (EEG)-based depth of anesthesia monitor (SedLine; Masimo Corporation) was used intraoperatively. A neuromuscular monitor was also used to carefully titrate use of a neuromuscular blocking agent. After surgery, sugammadex was administered, and the patient quickly emerged within 10 minutes, as also confirmed by the EEG monitor. She had no KLS recurrence postoperatively. When anesthetizing patients with KLS, an EEG-based depth of anesthesia monitor and neuromuscular monitor may be warranted to ensure complete emergence from general anesthesia. In addition, elective surgery should be planned during crises intervals.
Reversal Agents in Sedation and Anesthesia Practice for Dentistry
Authors: Wong Michelle
Published: April 2022

Reversal agents are defined as any drug used to counteract the pharmacologic effects of another drug. Several pharmacologic antagonists serve as essential drugs in the contemporary practices of sedation providers and anesthesiologists. Reversal or “antidote” drugs, such as flumazenil and naloxone, are often used in unintentional overdose situations involving significant benzodiazepine- and/or opioid-induced respiratory depression. Within the context of skeletal muscle relaxation, neostigmine and sugammadex are routinely used to reverse the effects of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. In addition, the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine is used in dentistry as a local anesthetic reversal agent, decreasing its duration of action by inducing vasodilation. This review article discusses the pharmacology, uses, practical implications, adverse effects, and precautions needed for flumazenil, naloxone, neostigmine, sugammadex, and phentolamine within the context of sedation and anesthesia practice for dentistry.
PENYULUHAN DAN PEMBENTUKAN KADER CILIK ANTI ROKOK PADA SISWA TK DAN SD DI DESA KAMAL
Authors: Zumrotus Aulia , Rifai Nur Rajar , Maulina Devita , Dwi Annisa , Putri Trias , Septiani Widya , Komala Indah , Aprilia Vivi , Sholehah Mar'atus , Andariiani Fera , Ash Shidiq Rosyid , Darnoto Sri , Astuti Dwi
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK
Salah satu permasalahan kesehatan yang ada di Desa Kamal Kecamatan Bulu Kabupaten Sukoharjo adalah kebiasaan merokok dari warga yang masih tergolong tinggi. Hasil dari survei menunjukkan warga yang mempunyai kebiasaan merokok pada orang dewasa sebanyak 121 warga dari jumlah total 263 yang disurvei, atau sebanyak 46%. Hal ini akan mempengaruhi persepsi dan pemahaman anak terhadap perilaku merokok. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman dini terhadap siswa TK dan SD, serta warga tentang bahaya merokok dan sekaligus membentuk kader cilik anti rokok dari siswa TK dan SD dengan harapan agar dapat mengetahui bahaya rokok sejak dini sehingga mereka tidak mengkonsumsi rokok dan dapat mengingatkan keluarganya atau orang lain agar tidak merokok. Hasil dari kegiatan penyuluhan diperoleh peningkatan pengetahuan rata-rata sebesar 78% sedangkan untuk pembentukan kader terbentuk 92 kader cilik anti rokok yang turut serta aktif dalam proses pembagian dan penempelan stiker bahaya rokok.Kader cilik ini berasal dari TK Pertiwi, SD Negeri 02 Kamal, dan SD Negeri 03 Kamal.
 
ABSTRACT
One of the health problems in Kamal Village, Bulu District, Sukoharjo Regency, is the smoking habit of residents who are still relatively high. The results of the survey show that there are 121 residents who have smoking habits in adults out of a total of 263 surveyed, or as many as 46%. This will affect the child's perception and understanding of smoking behavior. The purpose of this activity is to provide an early understanding of kindergarten and elementary school students, as well as residents about the dangers of smoking and at the same time form a small anti-smoking cadre from kindergarten and elementary school students in the hope of knowing the dangers of smoking from an early age so that they do not consume cigarettes and can remind their families or others not to smoke. The results of the outreach activities showed an average increase in knowledge of 78%, while for the formation of cadres 92 small anti-smoking cadres were formed who actively participated in the distribution and affixing process of smoking hazard stickers. These little cadres came from TK Pertiwi, SD Negeri 02 Kamal, and SD Negeri 03 Kamal.
WASPADAI KOLESTEROL TINGGI : SEBUAH ARTIKEL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT
Authors: Prehanawan Refian Putra , Rayidah Tasya , Mulyani Amelia Sri , Ariyanti Rika , Safitri Aisyah Nur , Maharani Suciana , Renatasari Distya Ayu , Sarif Nabil Nawal , Sulistyani Sulistyani , Fortuna Tista Ayu
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK
Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) saat ini termasuk salah  satu  masalah  kesehatan  yang  menjadi perhatian tingkat nasional maupun global, peningkatan PTM erat kaitannya dengan konsumsi makanan mengandung tinggi kolesterol. Penyuluhan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi dan meningkatkan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat tentang komplikasi serta pencegahan kolesterol. Pelaksanaan penyuluhan dilakukan secara offline atau tatap muka langsung dengan peserta. Data pretes dan postes dengan uji shapiro-wilk didapatkan p<0,05 untuk pretes dan p<0,05 untuk postes, artinya data berdistribusi tidak normal karena P>0,05. Hasil uji wilcoxon menunjukkan <0,05 ar tidak terdapat kendala yang berarti.
 
ABSTRACT
Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) is currently one of the health problems that are a concern at the national and global levels, the increase in PTM is closely related to the consumption of foods containing high cholesterol. This counseling aims to provide education and increase knowledge to the public about complications and cholesterol prevention. The counseling is carried out offline or face to face with participants. Pretest and posttest data with Shapiro-Wilk test obtained p<0.05 for pretest and p<0.05 for posttest, meaning that the data is not normally distributed because P>0.05. Wilcoxon test results showed p<0.05 where there was a significant difference between pretest and posttest. This counseling was carried out well without any significant problems.
PERAN FARMASIS SEBAGAI KONSELOR TERAPI HIV
Authors: Munawaroh Rima , Prakoeswa Flora Ramona Sigit , Kurniawati Pipit Melyana , Hazimah Jihan Naufa , Husna Az zahra Miftahul , Kharisma Annisa Nur , Rahmawati Dita
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK
Peran farmasis dalam terapi HIV bukan hanya sekedar drug supplier melainkan juga sebagai konselor. Hal ini didasarkan pada kurangnya tingkat kepatuhan pasien menjalani terapi antiretroviral (ARV) sehingga banyak yang mengalami resistensi obat. Upaya farmasis sebagai konselor ini dilakukan dalam upaya mencapai keberhasilan terapi HIV dan menyadarkan pentingnya peran farmasis sebagai konselor dalam terapi HIV mulai dari tingkat remaja hingga dewasa. Tujuan program ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai pentingnya peran farmasis dalam terapi HIV sebagai konselor utama. Metode pelaksanaan dengan dilaksanakan secara online zoom meeting. Agenda kegiatan berupa penyampaian materi beserta tanya jawab disertai dengan pretest dan posttest. Peserta mendaftarkan diri melalui link pendaftaran online. Sebelum penyampaian materi setiap peserta diberikan pre-test dan diakhir kembali diberikan post-test. Hasil dianalisis dengan uji paired sample t test. Dari 72 peserta yang hadir, nilai rata-rata pre-test adalah 81,40 dan post-test 96,49. Hasil uji-t didapatkan nilai p< 0,05 yang menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil pre-test sebelum webinar dan hasil post-test setelah webinar. Hal ini berarti terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan peserta webinar mengenai peran farmasis sebagai konselor terapi HIV.
 
ABSTRACT
In HIV therapy, pharmacists is not only as a drug supplier but also as a counselor. This is based on the lack of adherence of patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ARV) so that many experience drug resistance. The pharmacist's efforts as counselors are carried out in an effort to achieve the success of HIV therapy. The aim of this program is to increase public knowledge and understanding of the important role of pharmacists in HIV therapy as primary counselors. This activity was held online by zoom meeting, including material delivery, discussion session, and pretest and posttest session. Participants register themselves via the online registration link. Before delivering the material, each participant was given a pre-test and at the end was given a post-test. The results were analyzed by paired sample t test. From the 72 participants who attended, the mean score of the pre-test was 81.40 and the post-test was 96.49. The results of the t-test obtained p value <0.05 which indicates a significant difference between the results of the pre-test before the webinar and the results of the post-test after the webinar. This means that there is an increase in the knowledge of webinar participants regarding the role of pharmacists as HIV therapy counselors
PANDEMI BELUM SELESAI: KIAT IKHTIAR TAHUN KEDUA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Taroeno Suryo Aribowo , Yuda Dimas Adjie , Ziyaadatulhuda Zaid , Ristanti Anindya Atiqah
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Berdasarkan data pada Kementrian Kesehatan Indonesia di tanggal 6 Oktober 2021, menunjukkan kasus yang terkonfirmasi di Indonesia berjumlah 4.223.094 kasus dan 142.413 kasus kematian dengan tingkat mortalitas COVID-19 sebesar 3,4%. Meskipun kini angka positif terkonfirmasi COVID-19 menurun, namun mahasiswa harus tetap berikhtiar seperti menjaga protokol kesehatan, melakukan pencegahan dengan vaksinasi, dan waspada terhadap pola penularan kini pada klaster keluarga. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk dilakukan penyuluhan mengenai kiat ikhtiar tahun kedua pandemi COVID-19 karena saat ini pandemi belum selesai. Sasaran peserta penyuluhan ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Agama Islam dan Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis yang belum pernah mendapat penyuluhan dalam aspek tersebut. Harapannya dengan diadakannya kegiatan   ini   dapat   meningkatkan   kewaspadaan mahasiswa serta dapat mencegah penularan COVID-19 meskipun sudah melakukan vaksinasi. Didapatkan perbedaan pengetahuan sebelum penyuluhan dan setelah penyuluhan yang signifikan dengan nilai p<0,05. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penyuluhan ini dapat memberikan pengetahuan kepada para peserta mengenai materi penyuluhan yang telah diberikan.
 
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Based on data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health on October 6, 2021, showed confirmed cases in Indonesia amounted to 4,223,094 cases and 142,413 deaths with a COVID-19 mortality rate of 3.4%. Even though the number of positive confirmed cases of COVID-19 is now decreasing, students must continue to make efforts such as maintaining health protocols, taking precautions by vaccination, and being aware of the current pattern of transmission in family clusters. Therefore, it is important to conduct counseling regarding the tips for the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic because the pandemic is not over yet. The target participants for this counseling are students of the Faculty of Islamic Religion and the Faculty of Economics & Business who have never received counseling in this aspect. The hope of this activity can increase student awareness and can prevent the transmission of COVID-19 even though they have been vaccinated. Gained a difference in knowledge before counseling and after a significant extension with a value of p<0.05. This shows that this extension can provide knowledge to the participants about the extension material that has been given.
ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS, EFISIENSI DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP PERINGKAT OBLIGASI, EARNINGS MANAGEMENT SEBAGAI MODERASI
Authors: Pamungkas Leo Dadyo , Herawaty Vinola
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the profitability, efficiency and leverage influence on bond rating moderated by earnings management. The type of research used was causal study. This research also used time series and cross sectional data. Purposive sampling was used as data collection method, which resulted in collection of 120 samples from 24 banks during period of 2012-2016. SPSS 20 multivariate logistic regressions analysis was used to analyze data. The results of the research prove that both profitability and efficiency have positive influences on bond rating. Leverage has a negative influence on bond rating. Earnings management strengthens the influence of leverage on bond rating. Earnings management does not have an influence on bond rating. Earnings management does not weaken the influence of profitability on bond rating. Earnings management does not weaken the influence of efficiency on bond rating.  Keywords: profitability; efficiency; leverage; earnings; bond ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh profitabilitas, efisiensi dan leverage terhadap peringkat obligasi dengan earnings management sebagai variabel moderasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah causal study, dimana menurut dimensi waktu penelitian menggunakan data pooling yang merupakan gabungan dari data time series dan cross section. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode purposive sampling yang menghasilkan obyek 24 bank selama periode tahun 2012-2016 sehingga diperoleh sebanyak 120 sampel. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis multivariate yaitu regresi logistik dengan bantuan program SPSS 20. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa profitabilitas dan efisiensi berpengaruh positif terhadap peringkat obligasi. Leverage berpengaruh negatif terhadap peringkat obligasi. Earnings management memperkuat hubungan leverage terhadap peringkat obligasi. Earnings management tidak berpengaruh terhadap peringkat obligasi. Earnings management tidak memperlemah hubungan profitabilitas terhadap peringkat obligasi. Earnings management tidak memperlemah hubungan efisiensi terhadap peringkat obligasi. Kata kunci: profitabilitas; efisiensi; leverage; earnings; obligasi
ANTESEDEN DAN KONSEKUENSI KEPUASAN KONSUMEN GO-FOOD (STUDI KASUS DI YOGYAKARTA)
Authors: Rohman Isnanda Zainur , Asri Dwi Karina
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effect of perceived quality and trust variables on consumer satisfaction, also the effect of consumer satisfaction on loyalty for consumers of Go-food services in Yogyakarta. The research method used is purposive sampling with a sample size of 200 people. The respondents are people who used Go-food services in Yogyakarta in the last 3 months (August-October 2020). The data used are primary data using a questionnaire instrument. The analysis technique used is regression using AMOS program. Based on the research results, it is found that perceived quality and trust have positive effects on consumer satisfaction. Then, consumer satisfaction has a positive effect on consumer loyalty. Keywords: perceived quality; trust; consumer satisfaction; consumer loyalty ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel perceived quality dan kepercayaan (trust) terhadap kepuasan konsumen, serta pengaruh kepuasan konsumen terhadap loyalitas pengguna layanan Go-food pada aplikasi Gojek Indonesia di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan sampel purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 200 orang. Responden merupakan pengguna layanan Go-food di Yogyakarta dalam 3 bulan terakhir (Agustus-Oktober 2020). Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi dengan menggunakan program AMOS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh bahwa perceived quality dan kepercayaan berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan konsumen. Kemudian, variabel kepuasan konsumen berpengaruh positif terhadap loyalitas konsumen.Kata kunci: perceived quality; kepercayaan; kepuasan konsumen; loyalitas konsumen