bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emphasizing the servant in public service: the opinions of police managers
Authors: Vito Gennaro F. , Suresh Geetha , Richards George E.
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to determine the opinion of 126 police managers from 23 US states regarding their ideal leadership style as expressed under the items of the leader behavior description questionnaire (LBDQ).

Design/methodology/approach

Police managers attending a management course – the Administrative Officer's Course at the Southern Police Institute during the academic year 2007‐2008 – were surveyed regarding their opinions of ideal leadership styles. They responded to items on the leadership behavior questionnaire. The analysis is based on this survey.

Findings

Item analysis of their responses revealed the existence of three subscales (servant, autocratic, and laissez‐faire leadership), ANOVA revealed a strong preference for the style of servant leadership. These results indicate that these police managers believe that leaders should follow the tenets of servant leadership. They rejected the creeds of both the autocratic, command and control method and the hands‐off, detached style of laissez‐faire leadership. Policing has been long considered an autocratic, quasi‐military organization, yet these police managers expressed a decided preference for servant leadership.

Research limitations/implications

Taking into account the limitations of the data set used in current analyses, the sample characteristics and the sample size, results should be interpreted cautiously. The sample used in this analysis is not a probability sample and cannot be considered representative for the entire population of American police officers. Because this is only an exploratory analysis, the sample used was relatively small. In addition, the LBDQ may not be the most appropriate scale to assess levels of servant leadership. Future studies on this subject and population should take heed of these limitations. However, due to the positive responses received from this sample concerning the applicability of servant leadership in police organizations, justification for further research on this subject is warranted.

Originality/value

The results indicate this sample of police managers believe that leaders should follow the tenets of servant leadership as expressed under the items of the leader behavior description questionnaire. Compared to these values, they rejected the creeds of both the autocratic, command and control method and the hands‐off, detached style of laissez‐faire leadership. Policing has been long considered an autocratic, quasi‐military organization, yet these police managers expressed a decided preference for the style of servant leadership. Perhaps a new wave of leaders is coming to policing with different ways of thinking about how the organization should operate.
Factors affecting strategy commitment to community‐oriented policing (COP) among South Korean police officers
Authors: Lee Chang‐Hun , Lee Chang‐Bae
Published: November 2011

Purpose

Prior studies examining the relationship between organizational commitment and organizational behavior contain several limitations, such as mixed levels of measurement and lack of empirical study in different social contexts. Using Mowday, Porter, and Steers's approach, this study aims to investigate individual demographic, personal, departmental and community characteristics as factors affecting police officers' levels of strategy commitment.

Design/methodology/approach

Using attitudinal measures of individual, departmental, and community traits, which were developed by Michigan Regional Community Policing Institute, the current study collected data from 206 randomly selected South Korean police officers who were designated as community‐oriented policing (COP) officers or who were under COP training at the time of the survey.

Findings

The current study found that officers' creativity and community ownership were significantly related to strategy commitment to COP. In addition, it was found that officers' demographic characteristics were not significantly related to the levels of commitment to COP. Regarding departmental characteristics, supportive climate among officers was significantly and positively related to officers' levels of commitment to COP. Finally, officers in rural agencies were more likely to have higher levels of commitment to COP in South Korea.

Research limitations/implications

Although the current study utilized random samples for data collection, the size of the data set was relatively small. Thus, generalization of the findings from this study should be cautiously carried out. Based on the findings, policy implications are suggested.

Originality/value

The current study attempts to identify factors affecting commitment to COP at multiple levels (individual, organizational and community levels) using attitudinal measures of various aspects of policing in South Korea. The findings will add to the comparative understanding on officers' commitment to COP.
Precisely wrong or roughly right? An evaluation of development viability appraisal modelling
Authors: Byrne Peter , McAllister Pat , Wyatt Peter
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of choices of model structure and scale in development viability appraisal. The paper addresses two questions concerning the application of development appraisal techniques to viability modelling within the UK planning system. The first relates to the extent to which, given intrinsic input uncertainty, the choice of model structure significantly affects model outputs. The second concerns the extent to which, given intrinsic input uncertainty, the level of model complexity significantly affects model outputs.

Design/methodology/approach

Monte Carlo simulation procedures are applied to a hypothetical development scheme in order to measure the effects of model aggregation and structure on model output variance.

Findings

It is concluded that, given the particular scheme modelled and unavoidably subjective assumptions of input variance, that simple and simplistic models may produce similar outputs to more robust and disaggregated models. Evidence is found of equifinality in the outputs of a simple, aggregated model of development viability relative to more complex, disaggregated models.

Originality/value

Development viability appraisal has become increasingly important in the planning system. Consequently, the theory, application and outputs from development appraisal are under intense scrutiny from a wide range of users. However, there has been very little published evaluation of viability models. This paper contributes to the limited literature in this area.
The effects of adding real estate into mixed‐asset portfolios in South Africa
Authors: Olaleye Abel
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the performance of asset classes in the South African investment market and assess the diversification benefits from adding listed property stock into domestic mixed‐asset portfolios.

Design/methodology/approach

The data sets comprise of quarterly returns on property listed stock, all share, all bond and 90 day Treasury bill for the period of January, 1999 to December, 2009. Return‐risk performance of all the assets were compared using mean return, standard deviation, mean standard deviation ratio, coefficient of variation and correlation coefficient. To determine return enhancement and risk reduction benefits of property listed stock in mixed‐asset portfolios, 22 naïve portfolios (17 with property stock and five without) were constructed and, their return and risk levels, obtained using Markowitz's mean variance analysis, were compared.

Findings

The results showed that there was evidence of superior return and risk‐adjusted performance of real estate stock over other assets. Also, adding property stock into mixed‐asset portfolios was found to have produced enhanced and statistically significant risk‐adjusted returns but minimal and insignificant risk reduction benefits. These results however are conditional on the percentage allocation to real estate and the asset class replaced.

Research limitations/implications

The study has implication for investors. They could consider the inclusion of listed property stock in their portfolios with the expectation of a significant risk‐adjusted return enhancement but marginal risk reduction.

Originality/value

The paper is one of the few attempts at assessing the diversification benefits of listed property stock, especially from the perspective of African emerging market.
Knowledge management and value creation in service firms
Authors: Runar Edvardsson Ingi , Kristjan Oskarsson Gudmundur
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effect of knowledge management (KM) on value creation in Icelandic service firms. The aim is to examine how KM contributes to value creation, and measure the ways in which KM affects intangible assets, such as customer capital, innovation, and human capital.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors propose a survey approach conducted in 2007 among 222 firms (46.1 percent response rate). Of these firms 97 had KM programmes in place and this paper is based on these firms. Service firms were 60 percent of the firms that had implemented KM.

Findings

The findings of the study show that firms with KM report more value creation in the fields of customer capital, innovation and human capital compared to firms that have not introduced KM. This indicates that KM has a positive impact on intangible assets in firms, but given the few firms involved in the survey, findings need to be interpreted with care.

Practical implications

The findings of the study have highly practical implications for managers and researchers, as KM programmes seem to enhance the creation of intangible assets so vital for the competitive advantage of firms in a knowledge economy.

Originality/value

The paper analyses the effect on value creation of knowledge management in Icelandic service firms.
Performance management practices and managed performance: the moderating influence of organisational culture and climate in public universities in Uganda
Authors: Kagaari James R.K.
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to explore and explain the existence and implementation of performance management practices in four public universities in Uganda.

Design/methodology/approach

A mixed‐method study approach (qualitative and quantitative) was adopted. A sample of 900 employees was drawn using a disproportionate stratified purposive sampling approach that yielded a 53 per cent response rate. Of the participants, 12 were purposively selected from top management members and interviewed using a semi‐structured interview guide. Using Nvivo software and Miles and Huberman approaches, interview data were managed and analysed.

Findings

Qualitative data results revealed that employees in public universities built relationships, utilised available resources, adapted to external environment, set goals and targets. This was made possible through planning, mobilising resources, problem solving, evaluating performance and adopting ICT to deliver cost‐effective quality services/products. The hypotheses were tested and revealed a significant positive relationship between performance management practices and managed performance (r=0.25, p<0.001). A moderating influence of organisational culture and climate on performance management practices and managed performance was also established and confirmed (ΔR2=0.012) significantly above zero (p =0.015).

Research limitations/implications

Cross‐sectional studies by their nature are subject to common method variances; further refinement of the instrument and a replication of the study using a longitudinal approach are recommended. Also, the additional studies should be supplemented with in‐depth interviews or case studies where possible to tap salient issues from the respondents.

Practical implications

Public universities should have visionary managers who should manage strategic barriers, attract and retain thinkers, and also create result‐oriented relationships to make a dynamic contribution to the development process of Uganda.

Originality/value

Mass university education in Uganda today calls for new approaches to managing employees in order to balance cost, quality and education access.
Implementing a performance measurement system in Croatia
Authors: Bevanda Vanja , Sinković Giorgio , Currie David M.
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The paper's aim is to describe the problems encountered when a performance management system such as the balanced scorecard (BSC) is implemented in the culture of a developing country.

Design/methodology/approach

The article is based on a case study of a government agency in Croatia that initially wanted to purchase information technology software but discovered that it did not have a performance measurement system on which to base the software.

Findings

National and organizational cultures influence the degree of difficulty of implementing performance measurement systems such as the BSC. Exactly which cultural aspects and the degree that they create difficulty have only recently been studied in academic literature. The paper identifies several factors in common with previous studies, but also finds that some factors identified in other studies did not play a significant role in Croatia, while problems occurred in Croatia that have not been mentioned in previous research.

Practical implications

The authors emphasize the importance of adjusting performance measurement systems to the specific cultures in developing countries as well as modifying performance indicators to include the impact of information technology on performance indicators.

Originality/value

The paper emphasizes the importance of adjusting performance measurement systems to the specific cultures in developing countries as well as modifying performance indicators to include the impact of information technology.
Human resource and knowledge management: best practices identification
Authors: Algorta Marcos , Zeballos Fernando
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The following investigation attempts to identify, describe and analyse the conditions and practices that, as regard to human resources management (HR) and knowledge management (KM), take place in the organisations that have received the National Quality Award in Uruguay. Its aim is to disseminate those “best practices”.

Design/methodology/approach

The research adopts a qualitative methodology analysis, based on the reading of the Extensive Reports presented by the award‐aspiring businesses. This “lengthy account” put forward following the areas proposed by the Continuous Improvement Model. The topic of solving dilemmas has been presented in this investigation using an illustrative square called a “Dilemmometer”.

Findings

The main findings are: the identification of unusual practices, and especially, the way in which they are mutually articulated and integrated. Finally, there is an emphasis on the way these organisations deal with certain classic dilemmas of human resources management and knowledge management respectively.

Practical implications

Knowing good practices would be useful, as well as the description of how they are carried out, and the articulation among them, for other companies that want to compare their practices in the light of high‐performance organisations.

Originality/value

For the first time researches access to the PNC original winner companies information, and try to spread best practices out the market. The way of representing dilemmas of HR and KM can be considered original.
A challenging success: a process audit perspective on change
Authors: Parkes Alison , Davern Michael
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore how success emerges in a business process change initiative, given the often conflicting forces and challenges present in a workflow implementation. A detailed reflective analysis provides an opportunity to explore how different process enablers interact to achieve non‐obvious outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach

Data collection entailed semi‐structured interviews, observation of project activities, and analysis of project documentation for a workflow project at a public sector organisation (AustGov). Data collection occurred from project initiation to implementation and is analysed utilizing the process enterprise maturity model.

Findings

Despite encountering numerous issues, the process workflow went live as planned; the project was a success. The case demonstrates how project drivers interact in context to provide a coherent explanation of project outcomes. That the project did not fail, despite encountering obstacles and challenges, is attributed to the maturity of critical process enablers within the portfolio.

Research limitations/implications

The AustGov case study provides an exemplar of how and why interrelationships between process enablers and project context matter. The case analysis provides a rich study of a workflow project, and demonstrates the suitability of the process audit framework to explain outcomes of business process change projects.

Practical implications

The findings demonstrate the importance of managing interdependencies and competing priorities between process enablers to successfully implement business process change.

Originality/value

The case provides a rich example of the implementation of business process change using workflow software. The authors find that achieving successful outcomes in a challenging environment is best understood when viewed from the perspective of the maturity of a portfolio of project enablers; also, that attention needs to be paid to developing advanced maturity in those enablers most closely related to the specific challenges evident in the project context.
Supply chain management, knowledge management capability, and their linkages towards firm performance
Authors: Peng Wong Wai , Yew Wong Kuan
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how supply chain management (SCM) practices and knowledge management (KM) capabilities affect firm performance. This study was conducted in the Asia Pacific region, which had not been examined before.

Design/methodology/approach

A three‐phase statistical analysis which comprised phase one (convergent validity, reliability, and discriminant validity), phase two (mediated regression analysis) and phase three (path analysis) was used to analyze the data.

Findings

The results from this paper have shown that the implementation of SCM practices will interact with KM capabilities to influence firm performance.

Research limitations/implications

The proposed model does not consider firm performance from multiple perspectives. In addition, the use of longitudinal data would be more useful to examine how changes in certain variables affect performance.

Practical implications

These findings provide important insights for managers to understand the disposition of the firm to better leverage internal capability (knowledge), by exploiting relationships with supply chain partners.

Social implications

This paper has extended knowledge in the mainstream management and provides valuable clues on how to improve organizational effectiveness, which is the crux of management.

Originality/value

The paper is among the first empirical works that specifically investigate the relationships between KM and SCM; thus this paper fills an important gap in the supply chain literature.
Performance of organisations treating lean as an ideology
Authors: Bhasin Sanjay
Published: November 2011

Purpose

British empirical research suggests culture and change have contributed to every lean failure. Whilst prevailing research implies that successful lean implementations lead to a profitable organisation, it focuses upon the low numbers of successful lean conversions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the importance of a suitable change strategy resulting in the likelihood of a triumphant lean implementation.

Design/methodology/approach

Predominantly, results from 68 survey questionnaires and seven case studies consisting of both questionnaires and interview schedules were utilised. Subsequently, extensive lean audits were carried out in 20 companies as a comprehensive validating exercise.

Findings

The significance of change was evident; a high correlation was found within the audits with successful organizations, suggesting that a triumphant implementation requires a systematic and controlled change strategy.

Research limitations/implications

Whilst lean failures are attributable to different causes, the fundamental issues of corporate culture and change are evident. Every company needs to find its own way to implement lean and it should be viewed as a never‐ending journey.

Practical implications

The implementation of lean cannot be taken nonchalantly, owing to the investment in terms of time and money. Consequently, if an organization pursues the change strategy suggested, the probability of success implementation is improved.

Originality/value

This research, undertaken in British manufacturing organisations, focused on a bespoke change strategy for lean, as there exists a plethora of research focusing at the generic change process.
Process performance indicators in redesigning the patient care process
Authors: Gospodarevskaya Elena , Churilov Leonid
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the regulator's attempt at redesigning the patient care process (PCP) – a core business process in public hospitals – by introducing dichotomous process performance indicators as an innovative management tool intended to align the State health care policy with the everyday management of operations at a hospital ward.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper presents an ethnographic case study of redesigning the PCP according to the strategy originating outside the organization. The study employs competing theories that represent alternative epistemological and ontological views of the world in order to produce a tentative explanation of why the intended redesign of the PCP has not fully eventuated. Observational data and opportunistic interviewing are used to answer the research question of whether and how the information and operational flows on the ward were affected by introduction of process performance indicators. A business process redesign framework was employed for data analysis since it better reflects the objectives of the State‐wide initiative and offers a convenient tool in dealing with data complexity.

Findings

Introduction of the process performance indicators did not result in redesigning of the PCP as intended by health care authorities. Out of four process performance indicators, only one was consistently implemented, which merely produced a duplication of the previously collected information, therefore adding no value to the PCP. On a theoretical level, the results indicate that the emergent theory rather than the rational agent theory demonstrated a greater fidelity to the empirical observations.

Originality/value

The paper assessed the feasibility of using innovative dichotomous process performance indicators as a tool for redesigning the business process at the ward level, in order to achieve macro‐level policy objectives. The failure to successfully implement a top‐down universal approach to redesigning business processes in health care is likely to reflect a lack of appreciation of emergent rationality that characterizes essential aspects of the PCP.
Informal communication of co‐workers: a thematic analysis of messages
Authors: Fay Martha J.
Published: November 2011

Purpose

Although informal communication at work has been shown to serve important functions of sociality, little is known about the messages that comprise routine, everyday interaction. The purpose of this paper is to examine two different informal interactions between 100 remote employees and their central office peers to determine the kinds of messages used in informal interaction using thematic analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

Teleworkers recalled informal interactions with central office peers; interactions were coded using constructivist methodology, then collapsed into dominant themes using a constant comparison approach. Patterns in responses were then related to a literature‐based (constructivist) analysis of how informal communication functions.

Findings

Five key themes were identified: personal disclosure, sociality, support giving and getting, commiserating/complaining, and business updates and exchanges. These informal workplace interactions also reflected underlying dimensions of perceived organizational membership: need fulfillment, mattering, and belonging, and suggest ways the framework could be strengthened.

Research limitations/implications

Themes from reported interactions provide message‐level evidence that informal communication serves both instrumental and constitutive functions. Including interactions reported by co‐located employees would have allowed for a comparison.

Practical implications

Results have important implications for how informal communication functions between peers. Managers can use the results to facilitate communication opportunities for remote and co‐located employees.

Originality/value

Message‐level analysis of informal communication between peers has not been considered as important as hierarchical communication within businesses and organizations. Reported interactions illuminate how informal communication functions, and suggest a link between informal interaction and important individual‐ and organizational‐level outcomes, adding to existing knowledge about the understudied population of permanent, high‐intensity teleworkers.
The telephone medium and semi‐structured interviews: a complementary fit
Authors: Cachia Moira , Millward Lynne
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The telephone has been widely used to conduct quantitative research in diverse fields of study, generally using survey methodology. However, comparatively very few qualitative studies opt for this means of data collection. The purpose of this paper is to argue in favour of a medium that has generally been second‐rated in qualitative research. It aims at establishing telephone interviews as an equally viable option to other established methods of qualitative data collection.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is informed by the authors’ experience of using this method, as well as the limited number of previous research articles presented on the topic. It discusses its specific strengths and limitations, drawing on a conducted longitudinal study to illustrate key points. Its application to particular qualitative analysis methods, in view of the acknowledged requirements for each of these approaches, is also presented.

Findings

Telephone conversations naturally follow an agenda‐driven format that is initiated by the caller, similar to semi‐structured interviews. The authors propose that the telephone medium and interview modality are complementary. Also, the interview transcripts provide rich textual data that can subsequently be analysed using a range of qualitative data analysis methods.

Originality/value

Focus is placed on the methodological strengths of using telephone interviews in qualitative research, rather than convenience factors which have been the most featured element in previous literature. The paper aims at informing researchers who want to consider using the telephone medium for qualitative data collection and analysis.
Potential for sustainability eco‐labeling in Ontario's wine industry
Authors: Berghoef Naomi , Dodds Rachel
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the degree of consumer interest in an eco‐labeling program for the Ontario wine industry and determine whether there is a willingness‐to‐pay a premium for eco‐labeled Ontario wines.

Design/methodology/approach

The study was a quantitative survey of 401 wine consumers in Ontario, collected at Liquor Control Board of Ontario (LCBO) retail stores and winery retail stores. Results were analyzed using quantitative non‐parametric statistical analyses.

Findings

It was revealed that while most Ontario wine consumers do not presently purchase eco‐labeled wine regularly, the majority (90 per cent) are at least somewhat interested in purchasing eco‐labeled wine and that the majority would be willing to pay a premium of $0.51 or more (65 per cent). Consumers also indicated a preference for a seal of approval style label with multiple levels that contained a website from which they could obtain detailed information on certification.

Practical implications

These results provide valuable insights into wine consumers' purchasing behaviours and purchasing preferences with regards to environmentally friendly products. This information can be useful to those involved in implementing the Ontario wine industry's sustainability initiative, Sustainable Winemaking Ontario (SWO), and to wineries and winegrowers who are interested in promoting their actions taken to improve sustainability.

Originality/value

There is presently no published research investigating the potential role for an eco‐labeling and certification program for the Ontario wine industry, or any other Canadian wine industry. There is also a limited research on willingness‐to‐pay within the food and beverage sector.
Wine labelling: is it time to break with tradition? A study of the moderating role of perceived risk
Authors: Celhay Franck , Passebois Juliette
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of the level of perceived atypicality in a wine label's design on the consumer's aesthetic appreciation and purchase intent. Furthermore, it intends to highlight the moderating role of perceived risk in the relationship between these three variables.

Design/methodology/approach

Four Bordeaux wine labels providing the same information but with different designs are tested on a sample of 166 individuals. The respondents evaluate the labels in terms of perceived typicality and aesthetic appreciation. They are then asked to indicate what their purchase intentions would be for each label in respect of five different consumption occasions.

Findings

The results indicate a strong preference for the most typical label. However, this preference decreases when the perceived risk associated with the consumption occasion also decreases. For those consumption occasions perceived as less risky, the respondents seem more willing to choose labels with a moderately atypical design.

Originality/value

This research provides some answers to a problem recently raised with representatives of the wine industry: given that consumers seem to prefer traditional labelling, to what extent is it possible to differentiate a product in terms of design? The authors' results indicate that the acceptance of atypical designs is linked to the level of perceived risk at the moment of purchase. A brand that targets consumption occasions that are perceived as only slightly risky will therefore more easily be able to depart from the visual codes of its product category.
Testing congruency effects between origin and producer for wines
Authors: Spielmann Nathalie , Babin Barry
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to look at congruence effects between region and origin of producer on wine evaluations, and review if and how these two features are evaluated together, to determine authenticity, quality and price perceptions. Is a French wine better because it is made in France, because it is made by a Frenchman, or because a Frenchman made it in France?

Design/methodology/approach

A 2×2 factorial design was devised and 206 Americans were surveyed using empirical methods and online survey data.

Findings

The results show that region and producer are important considerations when consumers evaluate wine. Old world wines are perceived as more authentic regardless of who makes them, but it is also demonstrated that when origin features are incongruent, consumers associate similar quality to wines, but at different prices. Wine dogmatism is shown not to impact wine evaluations.

Practical implications

Marketing the origin of the winemaker rather than just the origin of the wine signals more information to consumers. Incongruence signals higher price points but congruency influences authenticity perceptions. Quality and price perceptions are not moderated by wine dogmatism.

Originality/value

Whereas previous research focused on general wine origin, this paper offers a relevant contribution to the place of origin literature in that it clarifies the relationship between the where and who for wines and how these two features together influence consumer perceptions. For the first time, the concept of wine dogmatism is discussed and a preliminary measurement of the trait is devised.
Which factors influence the quality of wine produced in new cool climate regions?
Authors: Smith Valdemar , Bentzen Jan
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the Danish wine industry and then concentrate on production and discuss which factors are of importance for producing high‐quality wines. Historically, Denmark has not been a wine‐producing country primarily due to sub‐optimal climate conditions, but during the latest decade, entrepreneurial growers have entered the business of wine production by establishing small wine fields and investing in professional production facilities.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a rich longitudinal micro data set from the Association of Danish Wine Growers, an econometric model is set up in order to explain the chances of obtaining awards at the yearly Danish Wine Contest, i.e. signalling “quality”.

Findings

Contrary to the authors' hypotheses, field slope, field direction, size and commercial status of the producer have no influence on quality. However, the natural sugar content at harvest, grape variety, soil and growers' experience have the anticipated influence. But unobservable characteristics seem important. Spirit and entrepreneurial enthusiasm of the growers in an emerging wine industry also appear to be of importance.

Practical implications

Awards at wine contests signal quality to the market, which can be used in the sales strategy of the growers, thereby getting higher prices for their wines and overcoming potential “lemon‐market” effects due to asymmetric information on the market. Furthermore, noting that awards can be explained by specific factors, this may be an efficient guide for the producers to optimize their quality‐costs relationship.

Originality/value

The analysis of the Danish wine industry is carried out by the use of a longitudinal micro data set. A hedonic model of wine quality is estimated by using econometric methods.
The development of wine tourism in Spain
Authors: López‐Guzmán Tomás , Rodríguez‐García Juan , Sánchez‐Cañizares Sandra , José Luján‐García María
Published: November 2011

Purpose

Wine is a key element in the development and promotion of tourism and it offers the opportunity to generate wealth in a given geographical area. The purpose of this paper is to analyse, from the perspective of the offer, how a specific area (namely Jerez in Spain, the Sherry region) is structured in order to develop wine‐based tourism.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology employed for this study consisted of a combination of surveys, interviews and field observations with the suppliers in the traditional wine‐producing region, el Marco de Jerez, or the Sherry region, in the south of Spain.

Findings

The results of the study reflect the level of education of employees, the seasonal nature of tourism, the improvements in its promotion and the need for greater support from local government.

Practical implications

The results suggest that there is scope for developing wine tourism products to attract tourists and which could be used to promote the Sherry region as a centre for wine tourism.

Originality/value

This paper is one of the first studies to be carried out an important destination for wine tourism in Spain. This paper also reveals the results of a study on the offer of wine tourism and makes it possible for these results to be compared with those obtained in other areas.
Why your strategy isn't working
Authors: Getz Gary , Lee Joe
Published: November 2011

Purpose

A key cause for missing strategy goals is that leaders do not invest the same amount of time, energy, and resources in managing the implementation of the strategy as they do in setting the strategy. They also do not realize that managing strategy execution requires well orchestrated management processes – letting existing business processes run the course will not drive the transformation required. So, in order for companies and business units to reach the audacious ambitions stated in their strategies, they must thoughtfully manage the way the strategy is implemented.

Design/methodology/approach

Our experience transforming Global 1000 companies for over 20 years has shown the “Three pillars of effective strategy execution” methodology to be powerful yet flexible in helping companies to deliver on strategy execution.

Findings

The three pillar approach addresses the direction, structure, and people required to be effective in strategy implementation over the planning horizon. It keeps companies from falling into the trap of emphasizing only one pillar or sub‐element (e.g. structural re‐organization, detailed interpretation of the strategy content, or employee communications) while neglecting others, and allows for ongoing adaptation and re‐balancing of the three pillars as they learn.

Practical implications

Managers should develop implementation plans that specifically address the following issues to execute their strategy effectively: direction – getting specific with strategy to the point where it is relevant for everyone and everything in the company; structure – creating an organizational architecture that shadows the strategic architecture; people – engaging and mobilizing employees for sustained commitment.

Originality/value

Managers must manage their progress on the three pillars in a coordinated way, ensuring that no one element gets too far ahead of the others. Many companies have failed by letting re‐organization get out in front of cascading the content of the strategy, for instance. Balance is a great virtue in implementing the three‐pillar model.
You're on! How strong communication skills help leaders succeed
Authors: Friedman Karen
Published: November 2011

Purpose

Whether you are delivering an update at a staff meeting or addressing shareholders at the annual meeting, you are “performing” as a speaker. Your verbal and non‐verbal communications continually impact others, meaning you are always “on.” How you share ideas on a daily basis determines how you make others feel. Great leaders empower others by making them feel important so they want to follow. This article explores how powerful communication can position you for leadership success, especially during times of change.

Design/methodology/approach

Using multiple examples drawn from the author's work with executives and organizations, the article demonstrates how the right communication techniques can make the difference between success and failure.

Findings

Real‐world experiences illustrate the importance and effectiveness of informing, motivating, and leading people every time you speak. The techniques described include speaking with passion, making quick connections, being fully engaged, and developing and using “keepers” and “power phrases.”

Practical implications

Because effective communication is especially critical during change situations, the article also includes key tips for leaders who need to shape perceptions and influence outcomes under these circumstances.

Originality/value

Leaders who want to communicate effectively can use the article's tips and techniques to practice clear, convincing and credible communication, positioning themselves – and their organizations – for success.
To restrict or not to restrict personal internet usage on the job
Authors: Canaan Messarra Leila , Karkoulian Silva , McCarthy Richard
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The subject of cyber‐slacking has prompted many organizations to respond by enforcing or implementing policies that restrict internet access. The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the impact of four internet monitoring policies on cyber‐slacking and work satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach

Employees working in medium‐size organizations in Lebanon were surveyed. Chi‐square tests, correlation, ANOVA, and regression analysis were used to test the hypothesis.

Findings

Results indicated that having a free internet access had a positive relation with cyber‐slacking, leading to an increase in work satisfaction. The survey also indicated relationship with demographic factors.

Research limitations/implications

Although the research provides useful insight on cyber‐slacking and monitoring policies, it is nevertheless restricted to Lebanese companies.

Originality/value

This paper adds to the literature on cyber‐slacking by empirically testing the effect of different monitoring policies.
Cross‐cultural adaptivity and expatriate performance in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Cerimagic Sabina
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to find out if Australian project managers who are working in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) receive cross‐cultural training and if this training helps them to adapt to the new environment and perform better.

Design/methodology/approach

The information on which this paper is based was obtained through semi‐structured interviews conducted with Australian expatriates who were working the UAE in 2009.

Findings

The findings suggest that cross‐cultural training is very important in that it helps minimise, although not eradicate, misunderstandings and inappropriate behaviours. Specific cross‐cultural training provides expatriates with information and guidance that is relevant and particular to the culture in which they will be working. The information provided should be on the destination country and its people and that country's specific culture, values, attitudes and appropriate behaviours.

Research limitations/implications

Providing expatriates with the appropriate cross‐cultural training is only useful if the expatriate is receptive and willing to learn. The best training in the world is useless if the expatriate is unwilling to learn. This research did not look at the selection criteria for expatriates. Selecting the right people, who are willing to learn and who enjoy new and sometime challenging environments, is paramount to the success of cross‐cultural training.

Originality/value

By providing expatriates with cross‐cultural training, expatriates are more likely to adapt to the new culture faster, which will in turn help the expatriates to perform at their full potential.
Executive remuneration, and the principles of the Financial Stability Forum of 2009
Authors: Paulo Stanley
Published: November 2011

Purpose

As a consequence of the global financial crisis and widespread disquiet over executive bonuses and other remuneration, in April 2009 the Financial Stability Forum enunciated principles for sound compensation as part of an effort to ensure the effective governance of compensation. The core problem this article seeks to address is the measurement of the contribution of corporate executives to the intrinsic value of the firm as part of an initial step in the process of implementing the Financial Stability Forum's principles. Unless the contribution of corporate executives can be measured in a manner that satisfies the requirements of sound research methodology, rigorous epistemology, and statutory requirements, it is doubtful whether these principles can be operationalized. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to show how the contribution of corporate executives can be estimated from audited financial statements. From the core problem and purpose of this article, its title is drawn.

Design/methodology/approach

Relevant sections of the report of the Financial Stability Forum 2009, the UK Corporate Governance Code of 2010, and the UK Companies Act of 2006, in conjunction with important reviews such as the Turner Review of 2009 and the Walker Review of 2009 were studied. Data inputs from audited financial statements were applied to appropriate well‐established non‐controversial valuation equations that are based on “first‐principles” of corporate finance, and the contribution of corporate executives to the intrinsic value of the firm was estimated in order to illustrate the validity of this approach.

Findings

The paper shows that contribution to the intrinsic value of the firm made by corporate executives can be measured in a non‐controversial and transparent way, and once done, can form the basis for quantifying executive remuneration on the basis of valued‐added. No attempt is made to address the fractional share of value‐added that should be placed in a bonus‐pool.

Originality/value

From an extensive survey of publicly available literature, there is no evidence to suggest that the measurement of the contribution of corporate executives to the intrinsic value of the firm, as part of an initial step in the process of implementing the principles of the Financial Stability Forum 2009, has yet been published.
Barriers to HACCP in hospitality: a global problem with global solutions?
Authors: Taylor Joanne , Akanji Theophilus , Al Shaikh AbdulAziz , Collison Fran , Whitehall Pamela
Published: November 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify whether barriers and solutions to food safety management identified in the UK hospitality businesses between 2002 and 2005 have broader global relevance. It is the first paper in a themed issue of Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes presenting international food safety management challenges and solutions.

Design/methodology/approach

In‐depth interviews, supported by documentary analysis, in restaurants and hotels in Barbados, Dubai, Nigeria and Oman.

Findings

Recent research in Barbados, Dubai, Nigeria and Oman supports the findings of parallel UK research between 2002 and 2005, showing that the barriers to food safety management are likely to have global relevance, and also the potential for global solutions.

Practical implications

The paper will be of value to practitioners, researchers and other stakeholders involved in the food industry.

Originality/value

This paper presents a collection of in‐depth, discovery‐based research studies in a diverse range of countries.