bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advances in Ubiquitination and Proteostasis in Retinal Degeneration
Authors: Wei Jia , Chen Xiaona , Xiong Yingyue , Gao Yali
Published: July 2024

Retinal degeneration (RD) is a group of chronic blinding diseases characterised by progressive retinal cell death. As the disease progresses, vision deteriorates due to retinal cell death and impaired retinal integrity, eventually leading to complete loss of vision. Therefore, the function and environmental homeostasis of the retina have an important impact on the pathogenesis and treatment of RD. Ubiquitination, as a complex post-translational modification process, plays an essential role in maintaining retinal homeostasis and normal function. It covalently combines ubiquitin with protein through a series of enzyme-mediated reactions, and participates in cell processes such as gene transcription, cell cycle process, DNA repair, apoptosis and immune response. At the same time, it plays a central role in protein degradation. There are two major protein degradation systems in eukaryotic cells: the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the autophagy-lysosomal system. The protein degradation pathway maintains retinal protein homeostasis by reducing abnormal protein accumulation in the retina through two modes of degradation. Either dysregulation of ubiquitination or disruption of protein homeostasis may lead to the development of RD. This article aims to comprehensively review recent research progress on ubiquitin-related genes, proteins and protein homeostasis in the pathogenesis of RD, and to summarize the potential targeted therapy strategies for it. The review is expected to provide valuable guidance for further development and application of ubiquitination in RD.
Genetic Identity of Neural Crest Cell Differentiation in Tissue and Organ Development
Authors: Kyriakoudi Stella Aikaterini , Chatzi Despoina , Dermitzakis Iasonas , Gargani Sofia , Manthou Maria Eleni , Meditskou Soultana , Theotokis Paschalis
Published: July 2024

The neural crest (NC), also known as the “fourth germ layer”, is an embryonic structure with important contributions to multiple tissue and organ systems. Neural crest cells (NCCs) are subjected to epithelial to mesenchymal transition and migrate throughout the embryo until they reach their destinations, where they differentiate into discrete cell types. Specific gene expression enables this precise NCCs delamination and colonization potency in distinct and diverse locations therein. This review aims to summarize the current experimental evidence from multiple species into the NCCs specifier genes that drive this embryo body axes segmentation. Additionally, it attempts to filter further into the genetic background that produces these individual cell subpopulations. Understanding the multifaceted genetic makeup that shapes NC-related embryonic structures will offer valuable insights to researchers studying organogenesis and disease phenotypes arising from dysmorphogenesis.
Exploring Glypican-3 as a Molecular Target in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Perspectives on Diagnosis and Precision Immunotherapy Strategies
Authors: Tojjari Alireza , Hafez Abdelrahman H. , Saeed Ali , Singh Meghana , Saeed Anwaar
Published: July 2024

Liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. It is typically characterized by rapid progression, poor prognosis, and high mortality rates. Given these challenges, the search for molecular targets aiding early diagnosis and targeted therapy remains imperative. Glypican 3 (GPC3), a cell-surface glycoprotein, emerges as a promising candidate for addressing HCC Overexpressed in HCC tissues; GPC3 is a credible immunohistochemical marker for liver cancer diagnosis and a potential marker for liquid biopsy through soluble GPC3 in serum. Various immunotherapies targeting GPC3 have been developed, including vaccines, anti-GPC3 immunotoxins, and chimeric antigen receptor-modified cells. This review comprehensively covers the structure, physicochemical properties, biological functions, and clinical applications of GPC3. It explores diagnostic and treatment strategies centered around GPC3, offering hope for improved early detection and targeted therapies in the challenging landscape of HCC.
Leonurine Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy through GPX4-Mediated Ferroptosis of Endothelial Cells
Authors: Yu Xinyuan , Li Yuan , Zhang Yaoyuan , Yin Kai , Chen Xu , Zhu Xiao
Published: July 2024

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Ferroptosis is an atypical form of iron-dependent, modulated cell death that has been shown to occur in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Leonurine (LEO) is a single active ingredient extracted from Leonurus japonicus Houtt. It has various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. However, whether LEO affects ferroptosis in DN has yet to be investigated. Methods: An animal model of DN was established by subjecting C57/BL6 mice to a high-fat diet (HFD) while being induced with Streptozotocin (STZ). A cellular model of DN was established by exposing HUVECs to a high glucose (HG) concentration of 30 mM. Results: LEO was found to improve DN and to attenuate the degree of glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy in the mouse model. Additionally, it markedly decreased the levels of ferroptosis markers. Molecular analyses revealed that LEO inhibited HG-induced oxidative stress in HUVECs, thereby decreasing endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. Furthermore, LEO was found to reduce ferroptosis and reverse EC dysfunction by increasing the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). The suppression of Nrf2 in HG-induced HUVECs inhibited LEO-GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis and increased EC dysfunction. Conclusions: LEO exerts anti-DN effects both in vivo and in vitro by suppressing GPX4-mediated EC ferroptosis. Mechanistically, LEO appears to induce Nrf2-mediated GPX4 expression to inhibit ferroptosis, thereby reducing EC dysfunction. This study provides a new perspective on the treatment of diseases using natural medicines. It involves a novel form of cell death that could potentially lead to better treatment of DN.
Integrated Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression in the Hippocampi of 5xFAD Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model
Authors: Lee Sueun , Lee Hae-June , Chun Jin Mi , Jung Bokyung , Kim Jaebum , Moon Changjong , Kim Chul , Kim Joong-Sun
Published: July 2024

Background: DNA methylation forms 5-methylcytosine and its regulation in the hippocampus is critical for learning and memory. Indeed, dysregulation of DNA methylation is associated with neurological diseases. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the predominant of dementia and a neurodegenerative disorder. Methods: We examined the learning and memory function in 3- and 9-month-old wild-type and 5xfamiliar Alzheimer’s disease (5xFAD) transgenic mice by performing the object recognition memory and Y-maze tests, and identified the hippocampal amyloid beta burden. To investigate the epigenetically regulated genes involved in the development or neuropathology of AD, we performed genome-wide DNA methylation sequencing and RNA sequencing analyses in the hippocampus of 9-month-old wild-type and 5xFAD tg mice. To validate the genes inversely regulated by epigenetics, we confirmed their methylation status and mRNA levels. Results: At 9 months of age, 5xFAD tg mice showed significant cognitive impairment and amyloid-beta plaques in the hippocampus. DNA methylation sequencing identified a total of 13,777 differentially methylated regions, including 4484 of hyper- and 9293 of hypomethylated regions, that are associated with several gene ontology (GO) terms including ‘nervous system development’ and ‘axon guidance’. In RNA sequencing analysis, we confirmed a total of 101 differentially expressed genes, including 52 up- and 49 downregulated genes, associated with GO functions such as ‘positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic’ and ‘actin filament organization’. Through further integrated analysis of DNA methylation and RNA sequencing, three epigenetically regulated genes were selected: thymus cell antigen 1, theta (Thy1), myosin VI (Myo6), and filamin A-interacting protein 1-like (Filip1l). The methylation level of Thy1 decreased and its mRNA levels increased, whereas that of Myo6 and Filip1l increased and their mRNA levels decreased. The common functions of these three genes may be associated with the neural cytoskeleton and synaptic plasticity. Conclusions: We suggest that the candidate genes epigenetically play a role in AD-associated neuropathology (i.e., amyloid-beta plaques) and memory deficit by influencing neural structure and synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, counteracting dysregulated epigenetic changes may delay or ameliorate AD onset or symptoms.
Political graffiti in Prague as a reaction to the Russian invasion of Ukraine in Central Europe
Authors: Hána David , Dresler Alexandra , Šel Jan
Published: July 2024

In February 2022, the Russian army attacked Ukraine, which aroused resistance across Europe. The aim of the paper is to analyse spatial concentration and the meaning of associated political graffiti in Prague, Czechia, reflecting reactions to this geopolitical shift. Our approach focuses on the spatial aspect of the socio-semiotic analysis, revealing how urban symbolism shapes graffiti placement, modes, and interpretation. We have mapped it in the areas where we previously had noted a concentration of political graffiti in 2019 and 2020. Thanks to these timelines, we follow the development of political graffiti before and after the invasion and verify if the political symbolic space based on political relations between inhabitants and objects in the urban space influence variations in political graffiti prevalence. We have discovered what opinions resonated in the Czech society and how the meaning of graffiti signs was changing over time, in the space, and among objects of reference.
PERBANDINGAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BEBERAPA VARIETAS KUBIS (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) INTRODUKSI PADA MUSIM HUJAN DI PURBALINGGA
Authors: Azzahra Zulfa Mirza , Rostaman Rostaman , Ni Wayan Anik Leana Ni Wayan Anik Leana
Published: July 2024

Kubis merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman sayur-sayuran dari famili Brassicaceae yang sangat potensial untuk dibudidayakan karena memiliki nilai ekonomis dan kandungan gizi yang sangat tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan varietas kubis introduksi yang ditanam pada musim hujan di dataran tinggi Kabupaten Purbalingga dan untuk mengetahui perbandingan hasil antara varietas kubis introduksi dan varietas kubis pembanding yang ditanam di daerah tersebut. Penelitian dilaksanakan di daerah dataran tinggi Pratin, Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga pada bulan Februari-Juni 2023. Lokasi penelitian berada pada ketinggian 1.250 mdpl. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan yang terdiri atas 6 varietas kubis introduksi yang meliputi Omphalos, Oxylus, Tropicana, Kaelo, Saint, dan Dolares, serta 2 varietas kubis pembanding yaitu Grand 11 dan Green Nova. Varietas kubis introduksi memiliki respon pertumbuhan yang bervariasi. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan perbedaan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, umur pembentukan krop, panjang akar, berat segar akar, dan umur panen. Varietas introduksi yang menunjukkan hasil yang relatif sama dengan varietas pembanding Grand 11 serta menunjukkan hasil yang tidak bebeda jauh dengan varietas pembanding Green Nova yaitu varietas Kaelo dengan berat segar krop (721,1 g), varietas Tropicana dengan berat segar krop (687,3 g), serta varietas Oxylus dengan berat segar krop (650,8 g).
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SILICON AVAILABILITY IN THE HIGHLAND PADDY FIELDS OF WEST SUMATERA, INDONESIA
Authors: Mahdiyah Adilla Sy , Hermansah  , Gusnidar  , Kamil Maulana Insanul
Published: July 2024

Silica (Si) is a functional element in rice fields that is rarely studied, especially in Solok Regency. Intensive management without a fallow period causes silica to be transported out through high uptake by rice plants. This research aims to determine the distribution of available Si in the highland rice fields in Gunung Talang District, Solok Regency, West Sumatra. The research was carried out using a survey method. Soil samples were taken following the topo-sequence of the area of 600–1,100 meters above the sea level, which consists of 3 groups of rice fields based on height differences, namely the lower, middle, and upper fields. These rice fields have two types of straw management, namely burning and immersing. The research showed that the available Si content was 10.48–293.66 mg/kg  with an average of 133.34 mg/kg. The available Si content is higher in the upper paddy fields compared to the lower and middle paddy fields. Based on differences in straw management, the available Si content is lower in fields with straw buried compared to burned straw. The application of Si fertilizer is highly recommended to obtain the available Si content in the soil.
Introducing the Narcissistic Antagonism Scale: A Missing Puzzle Piece in the Assessment of Momentary Narcissism
Authors: Rogoza Radosław , Baran Lidia Natalia , Flakus Maria , Krammer Georg , Fatfouta Ramzi
Published: July 2024

Narcissism is a relatively stable personality trait, which is most accurately described by three facets: agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic. Existing studies support the central role of antagonistic narcissism and its role in explaining the process of fluctuation in narcissism. However, there is a lack of a suitable adjective-based measure of antagonistic narcissism, resulting in intensive longitudinal studies assessing only agentic and neurotic narcissism. To address this gap and advance research on fluctuations in narcissism, this paper introduces the Narcissistic Antagonism Scale (NAS). Across six studies (total N = 1,862; k = 14,927 observations), we establish the NAS’ factorial, convergent, divergent validity, reliability, and temporal stability. The three-factor model of narcissism, including antagonistic aspects, reproduces and proves to be invariant across daily and momentary perspectives. The NAS exhibits good psychometric properties at both between- and within-person levels. It is a valuable addition for intensive longitudinal studies and facilitates a nuanced examination of narcissistic states across diverse contexts.
Turbidity and Medical Implications
Authors: Sanders Tyrone
Published: July 2024

Turbidity, a measure of water clarity affected by suspended particles, is a crucial parameter for assessing water quality with significant implications for medical and public health. Elevated turbidity levels can harbor pathogens and pollutants, posing risks to human health and complicating water treatment processes. This paper explores the origins, measurement methods, health implications, and management strategies of turbidity, emphasizing its impact on disease transmission and public health. By understanding the interplay between turbidity and health, we can better manage water resources andprotect public health
Cross-neurotype communication from an autistic point of view: insights on autistic Theory of Mind from a focus group study
Authors: Marocchini Eleonora , Baldin Irene
Published: July 2024

Background. The conceptualization of autism as a disorder where Theory of Mind (ToM) and pragmatics are fundamentally impaired has prompted a wealth of research on autistic deficits, most of which is characterized by two main assumptions: first, that autistic people would display said deficits, if present, with any conversation partner and in any situation; second, that neurotypical people do not present these deficits, regardless of the conversation partner. However, this is not necessarily reflected in autistic accounts of the way they experience social cognition and pragmatics.Aims. The present paper aims at investigating the autistic experience of communication with both autistic and neurotypical people, with a particular focus on their perception of the ability of autistic and neurotypical people to understand their communicative intentions.Methods & Procedures. Participants, 23 adult Italian autistic people without intellectual disability nor language disorders, were recruited online. Two virtual focus groups of 2 hours each were conducted, transcribed and analysed through thematic analysis with a descriptive phenomenological approach by 2 independent researchers.Outcomes & Results. Six themes emerged from the analysis, the most relevant being Autistic-Autistic communication and Autistic ToM. In line with the Double Empathy theory, there seem to be important differences between neurotypical and autistic people’s ToM. These appear to make it easier for autistic people to communicate with one another, and to create difficulties for neurotypical people to understand autistic people as well.Conclusions & Implications. These results seem to confirm that challenges in cross-neurotype communication are better interpreted as mutual miscomprehension and reciprocal differences in ToM rather than deficits on the autistic part. This calls for a reframing of ToM and/or the need for autistic ToM as a construct, of which neurotypical people seem to be lacking. Moreover, these insights should be taken into account for clinical practice, advocating for a neurodiversity-informed view of co-constructed communication as well as for a broader societal change in which therapists can play a crucial role, through participatory approaches or raising awareness in their daily practice.
Forecasts of maximum age
Authors: Gibbs Philip , Zak Nikolay
Published: July 2024

Demographic projections of maximum age to the year 2100 have produced mixed results. Mortality plateau models used in some studies have tended to predict relatively high ages over 130 years by the end of the century. We use the latest validation and count of supercentenarians in the G12 countries to test models of ageing beyond 100 years and conclude that a linearly increasing hazard model is a better fit. Plateau models starting in the age range 105 to 110 years are strongly excluded. Baseline forecasts of expected maximum age can be calculated using global projections of centenarian numbers with working assumptions that no new medical advances or global disasters would change the outlook. The linear model then leads to more modest forecasts of maximum lifespan of around 124 years by 2100. Our models are statistically in tension with the claim that Jeanne Calment lived to the outlier age of 122 years in 1997. Her claim is examined in the light of new evidence including signature samples from around 1933 when we believe an identity switch with her daughter took place.
Effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum 25(OH) D levels and blood pressure among the elderly in a nursing house: A double-blind, randomised placebocontrolled trial
Authors: Ferawaty  ,   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, Sunardi Diana , Dwimartutie Noto , Chandra Dian Novita , Mudjihartini Ninik , Manikam Nurul Ratna Mutu ,   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia,   Division of Geriatric, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia,   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia,   Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia,   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia;
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease, especially in the elderly. Previous studies have reported that vitamin D plays a role in blood pressure. This study aimed to analyse the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum 25(OH)D levels and blood pressure. Methods: This was a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial (RCT) on elderly subjects. Serum 25(OH)D levels were examined using chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) method, while blood pressure was checked using a digital sphygmomanometer. Supplementation was given once per day for eight weeks; the control group was given a placebo, while the treatment group was given 2,000 IU vitamin D3 for subjects with insufficiency and 4,000 IU for subjects with deficiency. Results: A total of 62 subjects aged 60-89 years participated and were randomised into 30 control and 32 treatment group subjects. Data analysis showed that vitamin D supplementation significantly increased 25(OH)D levels in treatment group (D=18.2±5.2 ng/mL) compared to control group (D=4.2±2.5 ng/mL) (p<0.001). However, vitamin D supplementation did not cause significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (D=-4.6(-25 - -0.5) mmHg for control group and D=-9.2(-20 - -27) mmHg for treatment group; p=0.109), and diastolic blood pressure (D=-7.2(-16 - -2) mmHg for control group and D=-8.4(-14.5 - -8.5) mmHg for treatment group; p=0.559). Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation significantly increased serum 25(OH)D levels, but did not significantly reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the elderly. Elderly people need to regularly check their vitamin D levels so that the provision of supplementation can be timely and their quality of life can be improved.
The DEI Metadata Handbook: A Guide to Diverse, Equitable, and Inclusive Description
Authors: Wintermute H.E. , Dieckman Christopher , Campbell Heather , Rose Nausicaa
Published: July 2024

Written primarily for professionals in library and information science but with applicability to archives and other information management industries, this handbook provides an overview of metadata work that focuses on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). DEI metadata work has several goals: enhancing diverse representation in descriptive metadata; improving discovery of diverse resources; and mitigating negative effects of inaccurate, outdated, or offensive terminology. Readers will gain a broad awareness of DEI-related issues in metadata creation and management; learn techniques for retroactively reviewing and updating existing metadata to address these issues; and develop strategies to create metadata that better meets DEI needs.
Significance of rules of origin in European Union’s unilateral Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) for Everything But Arms system’s beneficiaries
Authors: Czermińska Małgorzata
Published: July 2024

Least developed countries (LDC) play marginal role in the global economy and in the global trading system. The international community has introduced a series of initiatives to provide these countries with more favourable market access conditions. One of them is the European Union’s programme – the Everything But Arms (EBA) scheme providing duty-free and quota-free market access to all products except weapons and ammunition. Conditions for access to the EU market, are contingent not only upon the level of customs duty rates, but also rules of origin (RoO), as it is the latter that determines whether a lower rate of customs duty can be applied to imported goods or not. This article’s aim is to assess the significance of the rules of origin of goods in the European Union’s unilateral Generalised System of Preferences for the EBA system’s beneficiaries, with special attention given to changes introduced in 2011. To meet the objective hereof, not only empirical methods were employed (indirect observation and description), but also general methods, including deduction and induction. The following research techniques were used: a cause and effect analysis, a comparative analysis and synthesis. The research is based on statistical data provided by Eurostat and UNCTAD.
“So, That Would Have Been Useful”: Curriculum in LIS in Support of Liaison Librarian Preparation
Authors: Colón-Aguirre Mónica , Bright Kawanna Michelle
Published: July 2024

LIS education has historically come under fire for what some perceive as a disconnect between what is taught in the classroom and what the job really entails. This study is part of a larger research study that used a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design to investigate liaison librarians’ perceptions of their academic preparation to take on the liaison role, specifically whether and how their LIS program curriculum prepared them for this role. This qualitative strand of the study relied on in-depth semi-structured interviews of survey participants to explore two research questions: What are the perceptions of academic liaison librarians regarding the degree to which their programs prepared them for their current role? And which factors influenced these perceptions? This research identified the main reasons hindering the effectiveness of LIS education for preparing librarians for the liaison role to be a range of complex issues that LIS programs and educators should consider, such as changing career plans among students who did not initially plan to become liaison librarians, students not taking certain courses due to scheduling or course timing issues, and the abstract nature of some course content which obscures connections to real-world practice. Participants also identified courses in collection development, reference, instruction, and research methods as those that should take center stage when preparing liaison librarians. These results have the potential to inform various aspects of LIS program curriculum planning and design and provide course-selection guidance for LIS students considering a career in academic libraries.
ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF LAND GRABBING
Authors: Prus Y. O. ,   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the current state of economic security and directions for its improvement in agricultural enterprises in conditions of land seizure. The methods of taking over land in Ukraine are defined as: conclusion of additional land lease contracts; conclusion of long-term lease agreements; purchase of land plots that are leased by another business entity; purchase of corporate rights of an enterprise or farm that is a tenant/owner of land plots; arbitrary plowing by the tenant of hay fields and pastures that are part of land shares, etc. As a result of the seizure, the area of arable land as the most profitable type of agricultural land increases, which creates a number of socio-economic and ecological problems: the deterioration of the development of family farming, the reduction of livestock, the decrease in the income level of local residents, the deterioration of food security, employment, and the communities' lack of adequate revenues for the local budget, the threat of soil quality, the destruction of ecosystems, the pollution of rivers and sources of drinking water with fertilizers and toxic chemicals. The article proposes strategies aimed at increasing the economic security of land use by agricultural enterprises, in particular, a strategy for strengthening the legal framework for the protection of land rights and ensuring reliable land tenure, a strategy for developing opportunities for agricultural enterprises to collectively defend their rights to land, a strategy for early detection and response potential land grab situations, strategies to increase the profitability of agricultural enterprises, which will create an environment in which agricultural enterprises will be better equipped to protect their land, to provide livelihoods and economic security against the pressure of land grabbing.
The concept of formation and development of a methodical system of teaching medical and biological disciplines for future teachers of physical culture using remote technologies
Authors: Livak P.I.
Published: July 2024

The concept of formation and development of methodological system of teaching medical and biological disciplines to future physical education teachers using distance technologies. Medical-biological disciplines are paramount in the education of future physical education teachers. The purpose of this study was to conduct an in-depth analysis of the concept of developing and enhancing the methodological system for teaching medical-biological disciplines to future physical education teachers using distance learning technologies. Through analysis of relevant scientific literature, differences in teaching medical-biological disciplines to future physical education teachers were identified, extending beyond just the fewer hours allocated for classes to include variations in visual materials, specialized resources, and technologies. The research results revealed that the limited number of modular hours, extensive material coverage, and high knowledge demands motivate instructors to improve educational approaches and implement new teaching methods. For future physical education teachers, studying medical-biological disciplines in accordance with professional education standards can pose a challenge, as it requires a deep understanding of morpho-functional characteristics of the human body. However, this challenge should not deter their motivation and ability to study medical-biological disciplines. In conclusion, these disciplines are essential components of the educational program and form the theoretical-methodological basis for further medical-biological courses, such as the fundamentals of physiology of physical culture and sports, sports medicine, basics of biochemistry of physical culture and sports, physical rehabilitation, and others. Mastery of these subjects enables professionals to understand and scientifically justify physiological changes occurring during adaptation to regular physical activities. Insufficient knowledge of morpho-functional characteristics of human organs and systems by physical education teachers can lead to negative consequences for the health of their students during the educational and training process. Integrating innovative technologies into the educational process significantly facilitates the comprehension of complex anatomy and physiology concepts and enhances the quality of student preparation. Thus, optimizing traditional teaching methods alongside the application of modern information technologies contributes to better knowledge retention and increases the effectiveness of practical sessions.
The practice of the use of physical force and techniques by police specialists
Authors: Petrushyn D. , Markov R.
Published: July 2024

The use of physical force and fighting techniques by the police is one of the most important coercive measures in the modern world, characterized by growing criminal threats, socio-economic tensions and the need to ensure public order. High levels of crime, terrorist threats and other challenges pose a challenge to the police to ensure the safety and protection of citizens.
The effective use of physical force is aimed at eliminating the threat, ensuring security and control over the enemy as soon as possible. First and foremost, it is important to have the ability to apply the technique correctly in a particular situation. This approach allows police officers and other professionals to effectively use physical force to achieve their tasks.
Compliance with the criteria for the use of physical force by police officers is evaluative and is applied according to the police officer's internal conviction. In this case, the most important thing is to understand the criteria for timeliness and proportionality of the use of physical force.
The impact of playing table tennis on the physical health of middle school students
Authors: Sembrat S.V. , Mamytko A.V. , Khadiko O.
Published: July 2024

This article analyzes the data of the scientific and methodological literature on the use of table tennis classes for the purpose of strengthening the physical health of middle-aged schoolchildren.
The current state of health of middle-aged schoolchildren requires changes in the system of physical education, which will diversify the process of raising children and have a positive effect on the further development of the personality. The maximum rates of cognitive and physical development of children of secondary school age will always require special attention of scientists regarding the correctness of the organization of physical education lessons in this period.
Playing table tennis is one of the sports that affects the development of children's basic physical and mental qualities. Table tennis improves movement speed, reaction speed, prediction speed, develops operational thinking, as well as the ability to concentrate and switch attention.
A systematic analysis of the state of health of the school-age population of Ukraine shows that in recent years the incidence and prevalence of diseases have been destabilizing, which, despite the positive trend, remain high [2; 4].
Therefore, there is a need to use sports equipment, namely table tennis, to provide recreational and recreational activities for children in institutions of general secondary education to increase the physical activity of school-age children.
Educational and training process for football players at the stage of initial training
Authors: Shuba L. V. , Shuba V. V. , Shuba V. O. , Omok Н. А.
Published: July 2024

Sports play an important role in the development of personal qualities. In sports activities, a system of the foundations of actions is formed, in which the character and individual characteristics of a person, his will, are manifested. Football is the most popular sport in the world, but significant resources are needed to maintain its popularity and pass on the game's core values to the next generation. In the process of sports training, football players develop skills and abilities. The stage of initial training turns out to be one of the most important, since it is at this stage that the foundation is laid for the further development of sportsmanship, particularly in football. This is achieved by repeatedly repeating the exercises, which also affect the activity of all organs and systems. Sports training is the targeted use of the entire set of factors (means, methods, conditions) that ensure a football player's readiness for sports competitions. The purpose of the methodology is to improve technical techniques, individual, group and team tactical actions, development of physical, moral and willpower qualities. The formation and improvement of skills and abilities occurs thanks to the systematic performance of physical exercises. They are diverse, and their selection is determined by the tasks that are solved in the process of training and training. 36 athletes aged 7-9 took part in the experiment (18 - control group, 18 - experimental group), who were assigned to the main medical group based on their health status. After analyzing the implemented technique supported by positive digital dynamics, we come to the conclusion that the technique has the right to exist.
Variation of Agitator Blades in Continous Settling Tank to Reduce Oil Losses in Oil Refining Process in Palm Palm Factories
Authors: Darmadi Herry , Mustakim Mustakim , Irwansyah  , Wawuru James Van Alex , Ginting Maulidna , Prasetya Agil Bagus
Published: July 2024

Continuou Settling Tank (CST) is one of the units located at the clarification station where the CST works to separate oil and mud based on differences in specific gravity where the lighter density will go up, namely oil, while the heavy type will settle to the bottom, namely mud. The language here is how to make the construction of the agitator transmission in the Continuou Settling Tank (CST) unit and  how the agitator blade influences the oil content contained in the sludge in the Continuou Settling Tank (CST) unit. The method is carried out with variations in the number of blades that open 2, 4 and 6 pieces. The specifications of the equipment data obtained are primary data resulting from the design of the Continuou Settling Tank (CST) tool. Based on the blade obtained two results the percentage of oil content of 10.85%. This shows that there is still oil content in the mud. Likewise, the blade that found four pieces was 8.678%. While on the blade that got six pieces, the average percentage of oil was 7.652%. This shows that the blades that have been opened six pieces have met the desired percentage of oil standards.
Bentuk Penyajian Musik Terbangan Pada Acara Arak-Arakan Pernikahan Oleh Grup Syarofal An-Nisa di Desa Kenten Laut Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Tri Indriani Anissya , Firmansyah Dedy , Firmansyah Feri
Published: July 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah Bentuk Penyajian Musik Terbangan pada acara Arak-Arakan Pernikahan oleh grup Syarofal AN-NISA di desa Kenten Laut Sumatera Selatan. Masalah difokuskan pada Musik Terbangan (rebana) yang berasal dari negara Arab Saudi  yang bertujuan sebagai sarana dakwah dan mempunyai sejarah kisah sejak dahulu yang menceritakan sejarah perjuangan Baginda Nabi Muhammad SAW. Masuknya musik terbangan ke Indonesia sehingga sampai saat ini masih berkembang khususnya di Desa Kenten Laut. Guna mendekati masalah ini dipergunakan acuan teori Prof. Dr. Sugiyono dalam buku Metode Peneltian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Data-data dikumpulkan melalui Observasi, wawancara dan Hasil, dan dianalisis secara ringkas dan jelas, kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat beberapa unsur dalam bentuk penyajian yakni pemain, alat musik, lagu, musik, kostum penonton, tempat pertunjukan dan penelitian ini ditemukan beberapa pola-pola pukulan yang berbeda salah satunya pukulan serang(selang), kincat dan yahum.
Kata Kunci : Bentuk Penyajian; Musik; Terbangan.
Percussion Ensemble for Katentong Manumbuak Padi (Music Minimalist)
Authors: Widianto M. Iqbal , Tindaon Rosmegawaty , Sriwulan Wilma , Herdianto Ferry
Published: July 2024

Percussion Ensemble for Katentong (Music Minimalist) merupakan komposisi ansambel perkusi yang menggunakan pendekatan sistem musik minimalis. Komposisi musik ini diciptakan untuk mensimulasikan bentuk permainan kesenian Alu Katentong kedalam bentuk musik Barat dengan format musik ansambel perkusi, baik secara komposisi maupun instrumennya. Komposisi ini berangkat dari fenomena kegiatan manumbuak padi (menumbuk padi) yang pada akhirnya digarap untuk menjadi sebuah perhelakan musik bernuansa ritem. Kesenian Alu Katentong ini terdapat di Nagari Padang Laweh, Kecamatan Sungai Tarab, Kabupaten Tanah Datar. Kesenian Alu Katentong ini memiliki pola ritem yang bersifat interlocking atau saling mengunci pola ritem satu sama lain. Metode penciptaan karya ini di bagi menjadi tiga tahap. Tahap pertama ekplorasi pada materi komposisi. Kedua eksperimentasi mencoba bereksperimen menciptakan bentuk simulasi instrumen dan materi. Ketiga perwujudan karya. Komposisi ini (manumbuak padi), meciptakan bentuk permainan musik tradisional klasik Alu katentong kedalam bentuk musik barat dengan format ansambel perkusi minimalis.
Kata Kunci: Alu Katentong, Musik Minimalis, Ensemble, Simulasi, Interlocking
Pembelajaran Pembuatan Henna Pada Siswa Sma Negeri 1 Sanga Desa
Authors: Bunga Bunga , Heryanto A. , Hidayatullah Fadhilah
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menyusun materi pembelajaran pada pembuatan Henna Motif Bunga di kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Sanga Desa kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Metode penelitian deskriptif merupakan metode penelitian yang termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif adalah metode penelitian yang berusaha kan dan menginterpretasi objek sesuai dengan apa. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran membuat pembuatan Henna motif bunga pada kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Sanga Desa. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan data observasi, data wawancara dan data dokumentasi menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran Henna motif bunga pada kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Sanga Desa sudahberjalan dengan baik. Dalam penelitian ini dikatakan baik hal ini ditunjukan dari lembar observasi guru dan siswa dari beberapa pertemuan berdasarkan indikator yang di buat oleh peneliti untuk mengukur berdasarkan indikator penilaian proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru dan siswa. Dari penelitian dan penilaian yang didapat bahwa proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru dan siswa mendapatkan hasil baik.
Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Pembuatan Henna Motif Bunga
Pengaruh Audio Visual Terhadap Hasil Belajar Seni Tari
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Firmansyah Feri , Budi Setyaningrum Naomi Diah
Published: July 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh audio visual terhadap hasil belajar seni tari siswa kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Plakat Tinggi. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan desain Posttest Only Control Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Plakat Tinggi. Sampel penelitian ini diambil secara random yaitu siswa kelas XI IPS 1 dengan jumlah sebanyak 38 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan dokumentasi.Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji t.Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa rata-rata hasil kelompok eksperimen dengan penerapan media audio visual sebesar 74,18, sedangkan rata-rata hasil kelompok kontrol tanpa media audio visual sebesar 68,34. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa rata-rata hasil kelompok eksperimen dengan media audio visual lebih baik dari kelompok kontrol. Hasil uji thitung = 3,587 > ttabel = 1,665707. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh audio visual terhadap  hasil belajar seni tari siswa kelas XI di SMA Negeri  1 Plakat Tinggi.
Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran tari, media audio visual, hasil belajar.
The Spatio-Temporal Variability of Sea Surface Temperature of Bering Sea from ERA5 Reanalysis Data Based on Satellite Information
Authors: Shevchenko G. V. , Tshay Zh. R. , Lozhkin D. M.
Published: July 2024

Features of spatio-temporal variability of the Bering Sea surface temperature were studied by constructing long-term average distributions for different months and using the method of empirical orthogonal functions based on ERA5 reanalysis data based mainly on satellite information, for the period 1998–2020 (spatial resolution of the data is a quarter of a degree, the time interval is one month). In each spatial cell, for each month, the average long-term values of this parameter were calculated, which showed seasonal changes in thermal conditions in the studied water area. Linear trend coefficients have been determined, which showed a stable tendency to warming of the surface layer of sea waters, most pronounced in summer. Extreme deviations from the average long-term values (anomalies) of the surface temperature of the Bering Sea are considered.
Pulmonary adenocarcinoma of low malignant potential defines indolent NSCLC associated with overdiagnosis in the national lung screening trial
Authors: Burks Eric J. , Sullivan Travis B. , Rieger-Christ Kimberly M.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: The national lung screening trial (NLST) demonstrated a reduction in lung cancer mortality with lowdose CT (LDCT) compared to chest x-ray (CXR) screening. Overdiagnosis was high (79%) among bronchoalveolar carcinoma (BAC) currently replaced by adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) and adenocarcinoma of low malignant potential (LMP) exhibiting 100% disease specific survival (DSS). OBJECTIVE: Compare the outcomes and proportions of BAC, AIS, MIA, and LMP among NLST screendetected stage IA NSCLC with overdiagnosis rate. METHODS: Whole slide images were reviewed by a thoracic pathologist from 174 of 409 NLST screen-detected stage IA LUAD. Overdiagnosis rates were calculated from follow-up cancer incidence rates. RESULTS: Most BAC were reclassified as AIS/MIA/LMP (20/35 = 57%). The 7-year DSS was 100% for AIS/MIA/LMP and 94% for BAC. Excluding AIS/MIA/LMP, BAC behaved similarly to NSCLC (7-year DSS: 86% vs. 83%, p= 0.85) The overdiagnosis rate of LDCT stage IA NSCLC was 16.6% at 11.3-years, matching the proportion of AIS/MIA/LMP (16.2%) but not AIS/MIA (3.5%) or BAC (22.8%). CONCLUSIONS: AIS/MIA/LMP proportionally matches the overdiagnosis rate among stage IA NSCLC in the NLST, exhibiting 100% 7-year DSS. Biomarkers designed to recognize AIS/MIA/LMP preoperatively, would be useful to prevent overtreatment of indolent screen-detected cancers.
A computed tomography-based score indicative of lung cancer aggression (SILA) predicts lung adenocarcinomas with low malignant potential or vascular invasion
Authors: Steiner Dylan , Park Ju Ae , Singh Sarah , Potter Austin , Scalera Jonathan , Beane Jennifer , Suzuki Kei , Lenburg Marc E. , Burks Eric J.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Histologic grading of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is predictive of outcome but is only possible after surgical resection. A radiomic biomarker predictive of grade has the potential to improve preoperative management of early-stage LUAD. OBJECTIVE: Validate a prognostic radiomic score indicative of lung cancer aggression (SILA) in surgically resected stage I LUAD (n= 161) histologically graded as indolent low malignant potential (LMP), intermediate, or aggressive vascular invasive (VI) subtypes. METHODS: The SILA scores were generated from preoperative CT-scans using the previously validated Computer-Aided Nodule Assessment and Risk Yield (CANARY) software. RESULTS: Cox proportional regression showed significant association between the SILA and 7-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) in a univariate (p< 0.05) and multivariate (p< 0.05) model incorporating age, gender, smoking status, pack years, and extent of resection. The SILA was positively correlated with invasive size (spearman r= 0.54, p= 8.0 × 10 - 14) and negatively correlated with percentage of lepidic histology (spearman r=-0.46, p= 7.1 × 10 - 10). The SILA predicted indolent LMP with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.74 and aggressive VI with an AUC of 0.71, the latter remaining significant when invasive size was included as a covariate in a logistic regression model (p< 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The SILA scoring of preoperative CT scans was prognostic and predictive of resected pathologic grade.
Detecting CSV file dialects by table uniformity measurement and data type inference
Authors: García Wilfredo
Published: July 2024

The human-readable simplicity with which the CSV format was devised, together with the absence of a standard that strictly defines this format, has allowed the proliferation of several variants in the dialects with which these files are written. The latter has meant that the exchange of information between data management systems, or between countries and regions, requires human intervention during the data mining and cleansing process. This has led to the development of various computational tools that aim to accurately determine the dialects of CSV files, in order to avoid data loss at data loading stage in a given system. However, the dialect detection is a complex problem and current systems have limitations or make assumptions that need to be improved and/or extended. This paper proposes a method for determining CSV file dialects through table uniformity, a statistical approach based on table consistency and records dispersion measurement along with the detection of data type over each field. The new method has a 93.38% average accuracy on a dataset with 548 CSV files composed of samples coming from a data load testing framework, the test suite provided by the CSV on the Web Working Group (CSVW), curated experimental data set from similar tool development and some others CSV files added as verification of the parsing routines. In tests, the proposed solution outperforms the state-of-the-art tool by achieving an average improvement of 16.45%, resulting in an net increment of about 10% in the accuracy with which dialects are detected on truly messy data for this research dataset. Furthermore, the proposed method is accurate enough to determine dialects by reading only ten records, requiring more data to disambiguate those cases where the first records do not contain the necessary information to conclude with a dialect determination.