bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Investigation of Red Cell Sedimentation Using Blood Shear Stress and Blood Flow Image in a Capillary Chip
Authors: Kang Yang Jun
Published: July 2023

Blood image intensity has been used to detect erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). However, it does not give an information on biophysical properties of blood sample under continuous ESR. In this study, three physical properties, including, τ0, ESRτ, and AII, are suggested to quantify mechanical variations of blood under continuous ESR. To demonstrate the proposed method, blood sample is loaded into a driving syringe. The blood flow rate is set in a periodic on–off pattern. Blood sample is then supplied into a capillary chip, and microscopic blood images are captured at specific intervals. Blood shear stress is quantified from the interface of blood stream in the coflowing channel. Both τ0 and ESRτ are then obtained by analyzing the blood shear stress. Simultaneously, the AII is evaluated by analyzing the image intensity of blood flow. According to the experimental results, the τ0 exhibits consistent trends with respect to hematocrit as well as diluent. The ESRτ and AII showed a reciprocal relationship each other. Three suggested properties represented substantial differences for suspended blood samples (i.e., hardened red blood cells, different concentration of dextran solution and fibrinogen). In conclusion, the present method can detect variations of blood sample under continuous ESR effectively.
Examining the Use of Autonomous Systems for Home Health Support using a Smart Mirror
Authors: Dowthwaite Liz , Reyez Cruz Gisela , Pena Ana Rita , Pepper Cecily , Jäger Nils , Barnard Pepita , Hughes Ann-Marie , Nair Roshan das , Crepaz-Keay David , Cobb Sue , Benford Steve
Published: July 2023

The home is becoming a key location for healthcare delivery, including the use of technology driven by autonomous systems (AS) to monitor and support healthcare plans. Using the example of a smart mirror, this paper describes the outcomes of focus groups with people with multiple sclerosis (MS; n=6) and people who have had a stroke (n=15) to understand their attitudes towards the use of AS for healthcare in the home. We thematic analysis to analyse the data. The results indicate that the use of such technology depends on the level of adaptability and responsiveness to the users’ specific circumstances, including their relationships with the healthcare system. A smart mirror would need to support manual entry, responsive goal setting, effective aggregation of data sources and integration with other technology, have a range of input methods, be supportive rather than prescriptive in messaging, and give the user full control of their data. Barriers to adoption include a perceived lack of portability and practicality, lack of accessibility and inclusivity, a sense of redundancy, being overwhelmed by multiple technological devices, and a lack of trust in data sharing. These results inform the development and deployment of future health technologies based on the lived experiences of people with health conditions who require ongoing care.
Cultivation Strategies of Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.) In Solid and Liquid Cultures A Promising Approach for Establishing Kenaf as Malaysia's Leading Future Fiber Crop
Authors: A G Vayabari Diwiyaa , Ilham Zul , Md Saad Norsharina , Ahmad Usuldin Siti Rokhiyah , Norhisyam Danial’ Aizat , Abd Rahim Muhamad Hafiz , Wan-Mohtar Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad
Published: July 2023

Keywords: Kenaf; liquid cultivation; solid cultivation; in vitro propagation, life on land
Numerical Simulation of PMMA Impact Based on J-C Constitutive and Damage Model under Hydrostatic Pressure Loading
Authors: Du Qinghai , Liu Fengyou , Lei Qi
Published: July 2023

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer is widely used in various fields today. In order to thoroughly reveal the structural impact performance of PMMA materials, this paper is based on the comprehensive Johnson-Cook constitutive model and damage failure model, and accurately confirm the J-C constitutive and damage failure model parameters of PMMA through material test data, The dynamic process of steel bullet impacting PMMA plate structure is analyzed by finite element software ABAQUS. The calculation results show that the numerical simulation results in this paper are in good agreement with the experimental test data. Therefore, the feasibility and accuracy of the impact analysis of PMMA structures based on J-C constitutive and damage failure models in this paper are studied. Finally, based on the J-C constitutive model and damage failure model, the variation of the residual velocity of the bullet with the PMMA plate thickness is analyzed in depth, that is, the results show that the residual velocity of the bullet has a certain linear relationship with the plate thickness.
Pre-planning of Individualized Talus Implants Based on Computed Tomography-Automated Segmentation
Authors: He Jie , Guo Zhe xiao , Zeng Yun xia , Su Xiu yun , Xian Pei guo
Published: July 2023

Fractures of the talar neck and body are associated with spine fractures and scoliosis deformity, which affect cosmetic appearance and cause difficulty in ambulation. The implant design for talus surgery is thriving as a functional alternative in case of severe talar destruction, focusing on segmentation and reconstruction of the talus’s shape. However, manual segmentation of the talus is time-consuming and subjective. In this study we exploited the automatic segmentation framework to efficiently train a deep learning-based model to accurately segment the talus based on computed tomography imaging. We developed three model configurations with nnU-Net and investigated their Dice similarity coefficients (DSC) and 95% Hausdorff distances (HD95) for talus segmentation on a CT image dataset. The three configurations performed well (DSC > 0.95, HD95 < 0.6). When tested on the same samples, one of the configurations was more efficient while ensuring higher accuracy. We propose to focus on talus anatomic variations with increasing age based on this framework and apply it to clinical trials at the next stage.
Structural Optimization Design of Microfluidics Chips Based on Fast Sequence Pair Algorithm
Authors: Wu Chuang , Sun Jiju , Almuaalemi Haithm Yahya Mohammed , Sohan A S M Muhtasim Fuad , Yin Binfeng
Published: July 2023

The market for microfluidic chips is experiencing significant growth; however, their development is hindered by a complex design process and low efficiency. Enhancing microfluidic chips’ design quality and efficiency has emerged as an integral approach to foster their advancement. Currently, the existing structural design schemes lack careful consideration regarding the impact of chip area, microchannel length, and the number of intersections on chip design. This inadequacy leads to redundant chip structures resulting from the separation of layout and wiring design. This study proposes a structural optimization method for microfluidic chips to address these issues utilizing a simulated annealing algorithm. The simulated annealing algorithm generates an initial solution in advance using the fast sequence pair algorithm. Subsequently, an improved simulated annealing algorithm is employed to obtain the optimal solution for the device layout. During the wiring stage, an advanced wiring method is used to designate the high wiring area, thereby increasing the success rate of microfluidic chip wiring. Furthermore, the connection between layout and routing is reinforced through an improved layout adjustment method, which reduces the length of microchannels and the number of intersections. Finally, the effectiveness of the structural optimization approach is validated through six sets of test cases, successfully achieving the objective of enhancing the design quality of microfluidic chips.
Obtaining of New Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from Human Hemoglobin by Peptide Hydrolysis and Comparison with These Obtained by Bovine Hemoglobin
Authors: Outman Ahlam , Deracinois Barbara , Flahaut Christophe , Abou Diab Mira , Dhaouefi Jihen , Gressier Bernard , Eto Bruno , Nedjar Naima
Published: July 2023

This study focuses on the enzymatic hydrolysis of hemoglobin, the main component of cruor that gives blood its red color in mammals. The antibacterial and antioxidant potential of human hemoglobin hydrolysates were evaluated in comparison to bovine hemoglobin. The results showed strong antimicrobial activity of the peptide hydrolysates against six bacterial strains, independent of the initial substrate concentration level. The hydrolysates also showed strong antioxidant activity measured by four different tests. In addition, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the human and bovine hemoglobin hydrolysates showed little or no significant difference, with only the concentration level being the determining factor in their activity. The results of the mass spectrometry study showed the presence of a number of bioactive peptides, the majority of which have characteristics similar to those mentioned in the literature. New bioactive peptides were also identified in human hemoglobin, such as antibacterial peptides PTTKTYFPHF (α37-46), FPTTKTYFPH (α36-45), TSKYR (α137-141) and STVLTSKYR (α133-141), as well as an antioxidant TSKYR (α137-141). According to these findings, human hemoglobin represents a promising source of bioactive peptides beneficial to the food or pharmaceutical industries.
Lipofuscin, Its Origin, Properties, and Contribution to Retinal Fluorescence as a Potential Biomarker of Oxidative Damage to the Retina
Authors: Rozanowska Malgorzata B.
Published: July 2023

Lipofuscin accumulates with age as intracellular fluorescent granules originating from incomplete lysosomal digestion of phagocytosed and autophagocytosed material. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the current understanding of the role of oxidative stress and/or lysosomal dysfunction in lipofuscin accumulation and its consequences, particularly for retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Next, the fluorescence of lipofuscin, spectral changes induced by oxidation, and its contribution to retinal fluorescence are discussed. This is followed by reviewing recent developments in fluorescence imaging of the retina, and the current evidence on the prognostic value of retinal fluorescence for the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the major blinding disease affecting elderly people in developed countries. The evidence of lipofuscin oxidation in vivo, and the evidence of increased oxidative damage in AMD retina ex vivo lead to the conclusion that imaging of spectral characteristics of lipofuscin fluorescence may serve as a useful biomarker of oxidative damage which can be helpful in assessing the efficacy of potential antioxidant therapies in retinal degenerations associated with accumulation of lipofuscin and increased oxidative stress. Finally, amendments to currently used fluorescence imaging instruments are suggested, to be more sensitive and specific for imaging spectral char-acteristics of lipofuscin fluorescence.
Serbian Natural Gas Sector in a Gap Between East and West: ChatGPT Decision Support
Authors: Brkić Dejan
Published: July 2023

This article should examine ideas of how a chatbot can support decision making processes by col-lecting general opinion about the certain topics. The ChatGPT is tested in this article in respect of natural gas security of supply of the Republic of Serbia in the context of the current political situation in the world. The author first describes its own stance on the topic and then the ChatGPT is asked for its opinion (which most probably collects and compiles phrases from English speaking sources to build a text in a smart way). The topic is ort only about security of gas supply of Serbia but also political and highly sensitive, so it is examined if the ChatGPT can be useful tool to reach a balance between less on more favorable options in the process of policy making.
Detection Method of Partial Discharge on Transformer and Gas Insulated Switchgear: A Review
Authors: Faizol Zulbirri , Zubir Farid , Yusoff Zubaida , Mat Saman Norhafezaidi , Ahmad Mohd Hafizi , A. Rahim Mohamad Kamal , Ayop Osman , Jusoh Muzammil , A. Majid Huda
Published: July 2023

Detection of partial discharge (PD) activities in high-voltage equipment can be done according to the several mechanisms of signal detection, which are electromagnetic wave signal detection, acoustic signal detection, chemical reactions, electrical signal detection, or optical emission detection. Recently, multiple methods of detection and localization of partial discharge activities occurred in power transformers and gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) have been proposed to monitor the health condition of high-voltage equipment, especially when the awareness regarding preventive maintenance has been emphasized at the industrial level and electrical providers. In aligning the needs of industrial and the improvement of PD detection methods, this manuscript focused on reviewing the current practice methods for the detection and localization of PD signals in high-voltage equipment and comparing their efficacy, in summarizing the future direction of research work-related methods of PD detection. The comparative reviews are discussed in terms of the mechanism of PD signal detection, indication parameters, calibration technique, advantages, and limitations of each method of PD measurement in detail.
Cognitive Gain in Digital Foreign Language Learning
Authors: Klimova Blanka , Pikhart Marcel
Published: July 2023

This systematic review examines the potential of digital language learning in contributing to students' cognitive gains. The study reviews existing research on the relationship between digital language learning and cognitive benefits, with a focus on enhanced problem-solving skills, memory, and multitasking ability. The findings indicate that higher levels of digital competences correlate positively with language proficiency outcomes, suggesting that participants with greater digital skills achieve better language learning outcomes. Digital technologies offer interactive and engaging methods of learning, which can positively impact retention and understanding. However, the study also acknowledges the limitations of digital foreign language learning, such as the lack of face-to-face interaction and the need for high motivation and discipline. The research questions explored in this study are: (1) Does digital language learning contribute to cognitive gains in foreign language education? and (2) What are the pedagogical implications for cognitive improvement in digital foreign language education? The study employs the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology to identify and analyze relevant research articles. The results of the review suggest that working with printed texts may be more effective for cognitive gains compared to electronic texts. Additionally, implementing more senses through digital language education appears to be beneficial for cognitive gains. The article concludes by discussing the implications of these findings and the need for further research in this area.
Experimental Study on Convection and Heat Conduction Heating of Air Conditioning Bed System Under Winter Lunch Break Mode
Authors: Jin Junjie , Buan Peiyao , Liu Yu , Chen Honglin , Yu Tingting
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the experimental study of heating in 2 h lunch mode of air-conditioned bed system is carried out. The results show that the power consumption of heat conduction heating is only 0.34 kW·h, and the average heat dissipation is 81.3 W, while the power consumption of convection heating is 1.43 kW·h, with an average heat dissipation of 748.7 W. Regardless of power consumption or heat dissipation, convection heating is significantly higher than heat conduction heating, resulting in the room air temperature of the former increased from 12.3 °C to 17.3 °C, while the latter only increased from 14.4 °C to 15.2 °C. The study found that the water temperature of heat conduction heating can meet the thermal comfort needs of the human body in the range of 38~40 °C, while convection heating requires a higher temperature range, In contrast, the grade of hot water required for heat conduction heating is lower. Through the experiment, it is also found that the temperature of convection heating rises fast, but it is easy to appear dry feeling after a long time, while heat conductive heating has a slow temperature rise. there is a cool feeling within 20 min after the heating starts, and then the thermal comfort is better. The air conditioning system in this paper is used for the heating experiment in the winter lunch break mode, compared with convection heating, the overall thermal comfort of heat conduction heating is better and more energy efficient. it is suggested to adopt heat conduction heating mode in the winter heating of this system.
Characterisation of the Contact between Cross-Country Skis and Snow:
On the Multi-Scale Interaction between Ski Geometry and Ski-Base~Texture
Authors: Kalliorinne Kalle , Hindér Gustav , Sandberg Joakim , Larsson Roland , Holmberg Hans-Christer , Almqvist Andreas
Published: July 2023

At the highest level of endurance sports, the differences in finishing times are small, so equipment is constantly being constantly improved to enhance the athletes' performance. For instance, one dominant resistive force in connection with cross-country skiing is the friction between the skis and snow and since the 1930s, research designed to understand and reduce this friction has been ongoing.

The mechanisms involved in ski-snow friction include compaction, micro-ploughing, adhesion, viscosity, and water-bridging. Of these, adhesive and viscous friction have been most studied, while much less is presently known about compaction, micro-ploughing, and water-bridging.

At the macro-scale, the ski-camber profile plays a key role in determining whether, with respect to friction, a particular cross-country ski is suitable for use under a given set of conditions. Through its influence on where ski-snow contact occurs, this ski-camber profile has a profound impact on adhesive and viscous friction, micro-ploughing, the formation of water bridges, and the rate of compaction. Different contact zones with different apparent areas of contact and pressure have been found to be most suitable for different conditions.

In addition, the micro-scale texture of the ski base is also an important determinant of ski-snow friction. Topographical measurements of this texture can be achieved with white-light interferometer and recent characterisation has focused on the mechanical properties of contact.

In numerous tribological studies the interactions between features at different scales are modelled. In most tribological systems, features on several scales influence friction and ski-snow contact is certainly no exception.

Accordingly, the current investigation was designed to evaluate the multi-scale properties of different combinations of two skis with two different base textures. The real area of contact and the average interfacial separation and total average reciprocal interfacial separation between the ski and snow were taken into consideration.

We found that different macro- and micro-scale properties of the ski favour different mechanisms of friction. Both the profile of the ski camber and texture of the base play decisive roles in determining viscous friction. At the same time, the texture of the ski base exerts a greater impact on the average real contact pressure, real contact area and minimal average interfacial separation between the ski and snow than does the ski-camber profile.
A Comparison of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) and Speech- Generating Device as Communication Modes for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Simeoli Roberta , Iovino Luigi , Marocco Davide , Guglielmino Giada , Rega Angelo
Published: July 2023

Previous research on the relative benefits of Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems (AACs) has indicated controversial results regarding the effectiveness, the ease of use, and the preference for the different systems. The study aims to observe the comparative effectiveness of two different Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) tools, the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) and a speech-generating device (SGD), as communication aids for children with autism. Three children with severe autism and minimally verbally or with no functional language participated. The results showed an increase of communicative behavior with both AAC intervention strategies and a speed acquisition time slightly shorter for the SGD training. Two of the three participants showed a preference for the use of the SGD. Reduction in problem behaviors and improvement in vocal production was observed for one of the participants. Results suggest that PECS and SGD are similarly appropriate for the development of initial request skills and that they can encourage vocal production in students with specific prerequisites.
Influence of the Surface Temperature Evolution over Organic and Inorganic Compounds on Iapetus
Authors: Villavicencio-Valero Katherine , Ramírez-Juidias Emilio , Madueño-Luna Antonio , Luna José Miguel Madueño , Gordillo Miguel Calixto López
Published: July 2023

Iapetus, a Saturn moon, shows the most differentiated albedo dichotomy of the Solar System. The dark leading side has a lower albedo than the bright trailing side. Spectral data on the visible light reveal the existence of two types of materials on the surface. The darkening in the leading side is thought to be originated by the presence of organic material and carbonaceous compounds on surface, while the trailing side is covered by water ice due to migration processes from the dark side. On airless bodies like Iapetus, the surface escape speed is greater than the speed of water molecules, resulting in the retention of a H2O atmosphere that allows some species to get diffused through it. Here, there were performed simulations of the evolution of the surface temperature for each of the two hemispheres of Iapetus. The results showed a slow yet steady increment of temperatures for both sides, with a steeper slope for the dark hemisphere. It was also simulated how much energy budget can be accumulated in both sides and its consequences. Finally, we calculated the diffusion coefficients for ammonia, methane, and water ice. The results let us infer how these compounds could evolve over time.
Social Networks in Crisis Management: a Concise Literature Review
Authors: Abboodi Bashar , Pileggi Salvatore Flavio , Bharathy Gnana
Published: July 2023

This paper proposes a concise literature review aimed at identifying the current body of knowledge on the adoption of Social Networks in Crisis Management. The major input is a structured research question based on the initial reading around the topic. Before the recent pan-demic, most literature has focused on local crises, with a relatively low number of exceptions. Additionally, self-organizing system are spontaneous established between people who are af-fected by a crisis. Among the identified challenges, there is the need to integrate official commu-nication by emergency agencies with citizen-generated contents in a contest of credibility and trustworthiness. In certain cases, it has been reported a lack of specific competence, knowledge, and expertise, as well as a lack of sufficient policies and guidelines in the use of Social Networks. Those challenges need to be framed by considering the classic difficulties to provide timely and accurate information, to deal with fake news, unverified or misleading information, and infor-mation overload. Bridging major gaps though advanced analytics and AI-based technology is expected to provide a key contribution to establish and safely enable in practice an effective and efficient communication, to contrast dissonant mental models, which are often fostered by Social Networks, and to enable a shared situational awareness.
Basketball referee's gaze behavior and stimulus selection in relation to visual angle perspective and officiating mechanics and expertise
Authors: Ruiz Antonio J
Published: July 2023

This work aimed to describe the visual search behavior of basketball referees. Eight national and eight regional basketball referees took part in the study. The participants watched five projected gameplay video clips twice from different perspectives: lead and trail referee positions. Dependent variables were based on the extrinsic ocular motility (number of fixations, average fixation time, and total fixation time on the selected areas of interest), and the independent variables were expertise (expert vs novice) and visual angle (lead vs trail referee position). Most gaze behavior differences were found between the lead and trail positions (total fixation time: F = 10.79; p < 0.01; ƞp² = 0.435; average fixation time: F = 16.23; p < 0.01; ƞp² = 0.537). It was found that basketball referees mainly follow a target strategy on the attacking player with the ball and a visual pivot on the players' trunk. Expertise does not determine the number or time of fixations, but it does influence fixation location.
Soil Erosion and Hydroclimatic Hazards in Major African Port Cities : The Case Study of Tangier
Authors: Salhi Adil , Hasnaoui Yassin El , Cutillas Pedro Pérez , Heggy Essam
Published: July 2023

Land degradation and soil erosion are becoming increasingly problematic in Africa's rapidly developing urban areas, particularly in Major Port Cities. Uncontrolled expansion and human pressures are hindering planning, adaptation, and conservation efforts. To understand the extent of these issues, this study combined morphometric analysis, soil loss calculation, field monitoring, and remote sensing and GIS tools to assess soil erosion in the Metropolis of Tangier (Morocco) located at the confluence of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean at the Strait of Gibraltar. The study relied on data from 13 rain gauge stations, official reports, and remote sensing acquisitions, as well as field observations. Results showed an average soil erosion rate of 24.2 t/ha/year, equivalent to an annual soil loss of 588,051 t/year. This high rate was largely due to areas with a high erosion risk (99.8%), covering only 8.3% of the territory, which were characterized by recently burned topsoil, fallow land, and steep slopes. These areas included both uncontrolled neighbourhoods and areas for planned urban and industrial expansion, posing a threat to the landscape's sustainability and socio-economic prospects. The morphometric analysis revealed its high vulnerability to erosion and degradation, with the highest soil loss rates observed in the eastern and western regions. The study also found that flash floods caused by hydroclimatic hazards can lead to significant damage to infrastructure and equipment, particularly in western sub-basins and mountainous regions. In conclusion, the use of remote sensing and GIS technologies provided valuable insights into the physical characteristics and vulnerability of the Tangier Metropolis to land degradation and soil erosion. These findings emphasize the need for effective land management practices and conservation measures to mitigate the impacts of land degradation and soil erosion in the face of climate change. This information is crucial for decision-makers and stakeholders to develop strategies to address these pressing issues.
Finding spatially variable ligand-receptor interactions from spatial transcriptomes
Authors: LI Shiying , WANG Ruohan , LIU Sitong , Li Shuai Cheng
Published: July 2023

Spatial transcriptomics has emerged as a groundbreaking tool for studying ligand-receptor interactions between cells, and such interactions exhibit spatial variability. To identify spatially variable ligand-receptor interactions (SVIs), we present SPIDER, which constructs cell-cell interaction interfaces and profiles, and identifies spatially variable interaction signals with multiple probabilistic models. We applied SPIDER to six datasets from four platforms of various tissues and obtained intriguing insights. First, we found the SPIDER-constructed interaction interfaces preserving the layer structure in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex samples. Similarly, on a human breast cancer dataset, we found interface clusters representing cancer in situ, invasive cancer, and tumor boundaries. Subsequently, applying SPIDER on mouse lung and human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma samples produces SVIs that correlate with cell-type markers, annotated clusters, and deconvoluted celltypes, suggesting that SVIs could represent distinct functions from celltypes. Additionally, on a developing mouse embryo dataset, SPIDER identifies distinct SVIs marking sub-brain regions, showing the potential of SVI in representing regional interactions. Investigation into the relation between spatially variable genes and SVIs suggests that the spatial variance of SVIs does not originate from ligands and receptors and that SVI and SVG are complementary in providing biological insights as SVIs enrich additional signaling pathways.
An R-A dual network detection model for abnormal behavior of running vehicles
Authors: Liu Chengpei , SUN QUANJUN , FAN YING , LIN QUNXU , HUANG ZUCHENG , JIANG XUYAO
Published: July 2023

Detection of abnormal behavior of running vehicles plays an essential role in road traffic safety. In this paper, the R-A (ResNet-Adaboost) dual network detection algorithm to cope with the problem that the existing detection algorithm of abnormal running behavior cannot detect different kinds of abnormal running behavior and cannot adapt to different detection scenarios. Firstly, this paper utilizes the YOLOV5-DEEPSORT algorithm to collect the spatial and temporal information of the target vehicle. In this way, various kinds of abnormal running behavior can be detected efficiently. Secondly, based on the information matrix, the entropy method is used to determine the dynamic weight of various abnormal running information, and then to determine the type of information input to the judgment model so as to obtain the information more accurately. Finally, the accurate vehicle running information is input into the R-A detection model. In this paper, an algorithm to estimate the abnormal running information is established as the information classification basis of the R-A detection model. The algorithm calculates the difference between the input vehicle running information matrix and the normal one to judge whether the information matrix is abnormal. Moreover, it is proved by the field experiments and NGSSIM datasets that the R-A detection model is able to detect different abnormal running behavior vehicle in different scenarios. The experimental results show that the R-A model with an accuracy of 90%-95% is better than the existing detection model. Additionally, it can more accurately detect various abnormal behavior of running vehicles.
g-C3N4/Ag@AgCl with Z-scheme Heterojunction and Ag electron bridge for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Wastewater
Authors: Zhang Baiyan , Zhang Hongfen , Ma Dan , Liang Fangmiao , Lan Hongli , Yan Feifei
Published: July 2023

Building Z-scheme heterojunctions with an electron bridge is a favored function for increasing photocatalytic activity. A facile approach for preparing g-C3N4/Ag@AgCl ternary heterojunctions by co-precipitation and photoreduction was established in this work. First, via co-precipitation, AgCl was modified on the surface of g-C3N4 to create a broad contact area between AgCl and g-C3N4. The AgCl is then reduced to Ag via an in-situ photoreduction technique, resulting in the formation of a ternary composite. The experimental results showed that when g-C3N4 modified 25% of the Ag@AgCl, that is, g-C3N4/Ag@AgCl-25 had the best photocatalytic performance, 94.9% of TC was degraded within 240 minutes, and the reaction rate to TC was 0.1214 min− 1, which was 4.49 times and 8.12 times higher than that of g-C3N4 and Ag/AgCl, respectively. The excellent photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4/Ag@AgCl is attributed to the LSPR effect of Ag NPs and O-doping g-C3N4, which broadens the absorbance performance of g-C3N4, the establishment of Z-type heterojunctions between AgCl NPs and g-C3N4 NSs and Ag NPs as an electron transport bridge accelerate the photogenerated electrons transfer between AgCl and g-C3N4.
The waveform comparison of three common-used fractional viscous acoustic wave equations
Authors: Wang Dan , Wang Zhiliang , Zhang Xinmin , Huang Rong , Song Ziang , Song Guojie
Published: July 2023

The forward simulation of the viscous acoustic wave equation is an essential part of geophysics and energy resources exploration research. The viscous acoustic seismic wave equations are diverse, even if we limit the study scope to the fractional viscous wave equations. In the present study, we consider three commonly used fractional-order viscous wave equations: the fractional viscous acoustic wave (FVAW) equation, dispersion-dominated wave (DDW) equation, and attenuation-dominated wave (ADW) equation. The acoustic wave (AW) equation, as a special fractional wave equation, is used to compare with the three viscous acoustic equations. The asymptotic local finite difference (ALFD) method is adopted to solve the three fractional wave equations, while the Lax-Wendroff Correction (LWC) scheme is used to solve the integer wave equation. The analysis shows that the stability of the ADW equation is the most rigorous, and that of the DDW equation is the most flexible. When the numerical wave number \(\vartheta =\pi\), the maximum phase velocity errors of the FVAW equation, DDW equation, ADW equation, and AW equation are 27.78%, 28.02%, 2.25%, and 3.04%, respectively. Numerical experiments show that the waveforms simulated by the four equations with the same parameters are distinct. Specifically, the FVAW equation, DDW equation, and quality factor Q are sensitive to the arrival time, while the FVAW equation, ADW equation, and quality factor Q are sensitive to the amplitude. Furthermore, the change of amplitude is more apparent than that of the arrival time, giving the results that the arrival time is more robust than the amplitude.
Adaptive chicken swarm optimization algorithm for identifying structural parameters of 6-DOF mechanical arm
Authors: Xu Zhiqiang , Xia Junyong , Zhong Fei
Published: July 2023

Accurately identifying the structural parameters of the mechanical arm can effectively increase its precision. Firstly, the kinematic model of the mechanical arm is constructed by adopting the MDH method. Secondly, based on the single-point conical hole repeatability, the objective function characterizing the single-point repeatability error is established. Thirdly, an adaptive chicken swarm optimization algorithm (mCSO) is put forward to tackle the issue of low convergence accuracy of chicken swarm optimization algorithm (CSO). Then, combined with the objective function characterizing the single-point repeatability error, the structural parameters of the mechanical arm are identified using algorithms CSO and mCSO, respectively. Finally, repeat the single-point conical hole repeatability experiment using the mechanical arm before and after identification. The experimental result reveals that the single-point repeatability error of the mechanical arm after mCSO identification is greatly reduced.
Altered intratumoral immune composition after Nivolumab treatment in patients with recurrent glioblastoma
Authors: Hadrup Sine , Skadborg Signe , Maarup Simone , Draghi Arianna , Borch Annie , Hendriksen Sille , Mundt Filip , Mann Matthias , Skjoeth-Rasmussen Jane , Yde Christina Westmose , Poulsen Hans , Hasselbach Benedikte , Svane Inge Marie , Lassen Ulrik
Published: July 2023

Glioblastoma is an aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis, and consequently immunotherapy is being explored as a potential treatment option. However, it is unclear whether systemic immunotherapy can reach and modify the tumor microenvironment in the brain. We evaluated immune characteristics in tumor and blood samples from recurrent glioblastoma patients, who received Nivolumab and Bevacizumab. One group received Nivolumab one week prior to surgery, and immune characteristics of the tumor were compared to control patients receiving salvage resection without prior Nivolumab treatment. Nivolumab-bound T-cells could be detected in tumor tissue, along with increasing numbers of both activated and differentiated CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. An associated upregulation of co-inhibitory receptors on T-cells was observed following Nivolumab treatment. Additionally, tumor-reactivity was detected in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from Nivolumab-treated patients, and neoantigen-reactive T-cells could be identified in both TILs and blood, indicating a systemic response towards GBM in a subset of patients.
Assessing the Impact of Community Health Education on Hepatitis B and C Prevention
Authors: Areqi Abdullah Ahmed , Muslot Manal , Muslot Dalia
Published: July 2023

This study assesses the impact of community health education on hepatitis B and C prevention, focusing on knowledge levels and behavior change among participants. A quasi-experimental design, specifically a pre- and post-test design, was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. The study was conducted in a selected community with a high proportion of individuals at risk of hepatitis B and C. Participants were recruited through community organizations and local health clinics. Data was collected through pre- and post-intervention assessments, measuring participants' knowledge and behaviors related to hepatitis B and C prevention. The community health education intervention consisted of educational sessions, distribution of informational materials, and interactive activities. Paired sample t-tests were conducted to analyze the changes in knowledge and behavior scores before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant improvement in participants' knowledge levels regarding hepatitis B and C after the intervention. Participants demonstrated increased understanding of transmission routes, symptoms and signs, prevention methods, treatment options, and the importance of vaccination. The intervention had a positive impact on behavior change, with participants showing an increase in the utilization of barrier methods and safe injection practices, as well as a reduction in needle-sharing behavior. These findings indicate that community health education is effective in enhancing knowledge and promoting positive behaviors related to hepatitis B and C prevention. The study supports the value of educational interventions in empowering individuals to make informed decisions and adopt preventive practices. By equipping individuals with accurate information and promoting behavior change, community health education programs contribute to reducing the incidence and prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections..
A Single Intranasal Dose of Essential Oil Spray Confers Modulation of the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota and Short-term Inhibition of Mannheimia in Feedlot Cattle: A Pilot Study
Authors: Magossi Gabriela , Schmidt Kaycie , Winders Thomas , Carlson Zachary , Holman Devin B. , Underdahl Sarah , Swanson Kendall , Amat Samat
Published: July 2023

Five essential oils (EOs) were previously characterized in vitro and identified as candidate EOs for the development of an intranasal EO spray to mitigate bovine respiratory disease (BRD) pathogens. In the present study, these EOs were evaluated for their potential to (i) reduce BRD pathogens, (ii) modulate nasopharyngeal microbiota, and (iii) influence animal performance, feeding behavior and immune response when administered intranasally to feedlot cattle. Forty beef steer calves (7–8 months old, Initial body weight = 284 ± 5 kg [SE]) received either an intranasal EO spray (ajowan, thyme, fennel, cinnamon leaf, and citronella) or PBS (Control; n = 20/group) on day 0. Deep nasopharyngeal swabs were collected (days − 1, 1, 2, 7, 14, 28 and 42) and processed for 16S rRNA gene sequencing, qPCR, and culturing. Significant effects of EO on community structure (d1), microbial richness and diversity, and relative abundance of some dominant phyla (d1, d2, and d14), and the overall interaction network structure of the nasopharyngeal microbiota were detected. The EO calves had reduced abundance of Mannheimia (4.34% vs. 10.4%) on d2, and M. haemolytica prevalence on d7 as compared to control calves. Feed intake, average daily gain, feeding behavior and blood cell counts were not affected by EO treatment. Overall, a single intranasal dose of EO spray resulted in moderate modulation of nasopharyngeal microbiota and short-term inhibition of Mannheimia while not influencing animal performance, feeding behavior or immune response. Our study, for the first time, shows the potential use of intranasal EO to mitigate BRD in feedlot cattle.
Shear Wave Velocity (Vs) and SPT Resistance (N) Correlation for the Isfahan Metro, Iran
Authors: Chatrayi Hosein , Hajizadeh Farnusch , Taghavi Behnam
Published: July 2023

The evaluation of earthquake damage is a crucial problem for ground improvement, and it is dependent on the ground motion. The shear wave velocity determines the features of an earthquake motion at a location (Vs). Although the shear wave velocity profile at a location might not be easily accessible, the number of blows (N) from a standard penetration test (SPT) is. The establishment of a trustworthy connection between Vs, as determined by multichannel analysis of surface wave testing, and N, as determined by SPT at Isfahan Metro Line 2, is presented in this study. These tests have been run on a total of 22 boring logs (within a radius of 30 km). The index qualities of the SPT samples are examined in a lab setting. The study is crucial for this area since the resistance of the subway structure must be examined. An empirical correlation between Vs and N was created based on the statistical analyses. All soil types, sands only, and clay alone are treated individually in this manner. The established ties are comparable to those established for other sites around the world. Also, a comparison with relevant relations is provided. Given that ground motion is one of the key characteristics in seismic microzonation of the area, the proposed relations will be useful.
One Produces Multi: A Drug-free Cardiovascular Stent Functionalized with Tailored Collagen Supports in-situ Healing of Vascular Tissues
Authors: Wang Yunbing , Wu Haoshuang , Yang Li , Luo Rifang , Huang Kaiyang , Qin Yumei , Yang Xia , Zhang Xingdong
Published: July 2023

Drug-eluting stent implantation suppresses the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells and thus intimal hyperplasia. However, drug-eluting stent remains limited by delayed reendothelialization, impaired intimal remodeling, and potentially increased late restenosis. Here, we show a drug-free coating formulation functionalized with meticulously tailored recombinant humanized collagen type III (rhCol III) that performs “one produces multi” behavior in response to injured tissue following stent implantation. In vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that the “one produces multi” coating has the properties of resisting coagulation, reducing inflammatory responses by regulating macrophage polarization, and inhibiting the proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, the drug-free coating accelerated neointimal healing probably via cell signaling of CCL5, CEACAM6, GATA3, and XBP, which influences the cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis pathways. Compared with drug-eluting stent, the rhCOL III-coated stent reduced in-stent restenosis and improved vascular neointimal healing 3 months after implantation in both rabbit and porcine models. Collectively, the “one produces multi” drug-free strategy has the potential to serve as a new inspiration for next-generation stent development.
A Linear Approximate Robust Strategic Asset Allocation with Inflation-Deflation Hedging Demand
Authors: Kusuda Koji , Kikuchi Kentaro
Published: July 2023

This study considers a finite-time consumption-investment problem for investors with homothetic robust utility under the quadratic security market model with stochastic volatilities and inflation rates. This leads to a nonlinear nonhomogeneous partial differential equation for indirect utility. We propose a linear approximation method and derive the approximate optimal robust portfolio decomposed into myopic, intertemporal hedging, and inflation-deflation hedging demands. Furthermore, we propose a method for estimating our quadratic security market model that achieves the stability of optimal portfolio estimates. We then apply our estimation method to a two-factor quadratic security market model. Our numerical analysis shows that the market timing effects in the optimal robust allocation are significant and nonlinear, and are mainly due to inflation-deflation hedging demand in addition to myopic demand.
Impact of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema after Axillary Lymph Node Dissection: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jia Miaomiao , Pan Lihui , Yang Haibo , Gao Jinnan , Guo Fan
Published: July 2023

Purpose
We aimed to evaluate whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) could be a risk factor for breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) associated with axillary lymph node dissection (ALND).
Patients and Methods:
A total of 596 patients with cT0-4N0-3M0 breast cancer who underwent ALND and chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed between March 2012 and March 2022. NAC was administered in 188 patients (31.54%), while up-front surgery in 408 (68.46%). Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to determine whether NAC was an independent risk factor for BCRL. With propensity score matching (PSM), the NAC group and up-front surgery group were matched 1:1 by age, body mass index (BMI), molecular subtypes, type of breast surgery, and the number of positive lymph nodes. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed for BCRL between groups before and after PSM. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore whether NAC differed for BCRL occurrence in people with different characteristics.
Results
At a median follow-up of 36.30 months, 130 patients (21.81%) experienced BCRL [NAC, 50/188 (26.60%) vs. up-front surgery, 80/408 (19.61%); P = 0.030]. Multivariable analysis identified that NAC [hazard ratio, 1.503; P = 0.033] was an independent risk factor for BCRL. In addition, the hormone receptor-negative/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR-/HER2-) subtype, breast-conserving surgery (BCS), and increased positive lymph nodes significantly increased BCRL risk. After PSM, NAC remained a risk factor for BCRL [hazard ratio, 1.896; P = 0.007]. Subgroup analyses showed that NAC had a consistent BCRL risk in most clinical subgroups.
Conclusion
NAC receipt has a statistically significant increase in BCRL risk in patients with ALND. These patients should be closely monitored and may benefit from early BCRL intervention.