bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanochemical synthesis of non-stoichiometric copper sulfide Cu1.8S applicable as a photocatalyst and antibacterial agent and synthesis scalability verification
Authors: Baláž Matej , Augustyniak Adrian , Tatykayev Batukhan , Shalabayev Zhandos , Burashev Gairat , Dutková Erika , Daneu Nina , Briančin Jaroslav , Balážová Ľudmila , Tkáčiková Ľudmila , Stahorský Martin , Achimovičová Marcela , Baláž Peter
Published: May 2022

Digenite Cu1.8S nanoparticles with photocatalytic and antibacterial activity were successfully preparedviaone-step mechanochemical synthesis in a laboratory-scale and scalable fashion.
Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation protects the intestinal function in aging mice and d-galactose induced senescent cells
Authors: Ru Meng , Wang Wanwan , Zhai Zhenya , Wang Ruxia , Li Yumeng , Liang Jiang , Kothari Damini , Niu Kaimin , Wu Xin
Published: May 2022

NMN demonstrates potential in ameliorating the structural and functional decline of the intestine during aging.
Continuous organocatalytic flow synthesis of 2-substituted oxazolidinones using carbon dioxide
Authors: Zanda Nicola , Zhou Leijie , Alza Esther , Kleij Arjan W. , Pericàs Miquel À.
Published: May 2022

A catalytic continuous flow approach towards pharmaceutically relevant oxazolidinones has been developed using epoxy alcohols and CO2 as reagents, taking advantage of a stable, scalable and metal- and halide-free protocol.
Computational discovery of spin-polarized semimetals in spinel materials
Authors: He Shenda , Kang Ruirong , Zhou Pan , Li Zehou , Yang Yi , Sun Lizhong
Published: May 2022

We propose two nontrivial spin-polarized semimetals, VZn2O4 and VCd2S4, as a promising platform for future high efficiency spintronic applications.
Rare earth metal (Sm)-doped NiMnO3 nanostructures for highly competent alkaline oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Swathi S. , Yuvakkumar R. , Ravi G. , Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. , Velauthapillai Dhayalan
Published: May 2022

In the present work, samarium-doped nickel manganese oxide was produced by employing a straightforward co-precipitation method.
New insight into the kinetic study on the different loadings of the CuO/CNT catalyst and its optimization for p-chloroaniline photodegradation
Authors: Farahain binti Khusnun Nur , Jalil Aishah Abdul , Ahmad Arshad , Ikram Muhammad , Hassan Nurul Sahida , Nabgan Walid , Bahari Mahadi , Kasmani Rafiziana , Norazahar Norafneeza
Published: May 2022

The effect of the copper (Cu) content on Cu oxide loaded onto a carbon nanotube (CuO/CNT) catalyst on the mechanistic, kinetic, and photonic efficiency of the photodegradation of p-chloroaniline (PCA) under visible (Vis) and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation has been explored.
Imidazopyridine–fluoride interaction: solvent-switched AIE effects via S⋯O conformational locking
Authors: Kumari Annu , Dehaen Wim , Chopra Deepak , Dey Swapan
Published: May 2022

Imidazopyridine-based carboxamide exhibiting the aggregation-induced emission phenomenon works effectively in fluoride ion detection through H-bond interaction and subsequent deprotonation.
Copper(ii) complexes of quinoline-based ligands for efficient photoredox catalysis of atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) reaction
Authors: Chaibuth Pawittra , Chuaytanee Nontakarn , Hojitsiriyanont Jutawat , Chainok Kittipong , Wacharasindhu Sumrit , Reiser Oliver , Sukwattanasinitt Mongkol
Published: May 2022

Cu(ii)·1Q is efficient in ATRA reactions with perhaloalkanes, revealing the role of common additives (AIBN or inorganic base).
The atropisomeric dynamic behaviour of symmetrical N-acylated amine-bridged calix[4]arenes
Authors: Tlustý M. , Eigner V. , Dvořáková H. , Lhoták P.
Published: May 2022

N-acylated amine-bridged calix[4]arenes exhibit unusual dynamic behaviour which can be attributed to the restricted rotation around the amide C–N bond.
Synthesis of an organic phosphoric acid-based multilayered SERS imprinted sensor for selective detection of dichlorophenol
Authors: Li Hongji , Xu Hongda , Zhang Jinyue , Li Yi , Yu Haochen , Zhao Yibo , Wang Dandan , Li Yunhui , Zhu Jianwei
Published: May 2022

A novel SERS imprinted sensor (AIM@MIPs) was prepared, which could improve the detection ability of analysis detection. The AIM@MIPs presented sensitive and selective detection property to 2,6-DCP.
Isolation of circulating exosomes and identification of exosomal PD-L1 for predicting immunotherapy response
Authors: Zhang Junli , Zhu Yifan , Guan Mengting , Liu Yingying , Lv Min , Zhang Chongwei , Zhang Hongling , Zhang Zhenzhong
Published: May 2022

Isolation of exosomes by iodixanol density gradient centrifugation could exclude the interference and aptamers could penetrate the glycosylated PD-L1 protein of exosomes, realizing sensitive detection of exosomal PD-L1.
Self-organization of zinc ions with a photosensitizer in vivo for enhanced antibiofilm and infected wound healing
Authors: Chen Yan , Zhang Min , Chen Likai , Pan Mengmeng , Qin Mingming , Guo Yanqiu , Zhang Yaobo , Pan Hao , Zhou Yunlong
Published: May 2022

ALA permeates and accumulates in bacteria to produce PpIX. Furthermore, PpIX and Zn2+ self-combination produces Zn porphyrins in situ, which not only effectively avoids toxicity to mammalian cells, but also enhances anti-biofilm efficacy.
Enhanced photocatalytic and antimicrobial performance of a multifunctional Cu-loaded nanocomposite under UV light: theoretical and experimental study
Authors: Abd Elkodous M. , El-Khawaga Ahmed M. , Abdel Maksoud M. I. A. , El-Sayyad Gharieb S. , Alias Nurhaswani , Abdelsalam Hazem , Ibrahim Medhat A. , Elsayed Mohamed A. , Kawamura Go , Lockman Zainovia , Tan Wai Kian , Matsuda Atsunori
Published: May 2022

CNFST/Cu quaternary nanocomposite was developed for the photodegradation of three different kinds of pollutants and disinfection of pathogenic micro-organisms in water.
Reverse anti-breast cancer drug resistance effects by a novel two-step assembled nano-celastrol medicine
Authors: Xiao Yating , Li Xun , Mao Jiahui , Zheng Hong , Ji Rui , Wang Zhice , Guo Mengyu , Yuan Hui , Anwar Arfidin , Chen Chunying , Liu Xingjun , Liu Jing
Published: May 2022

CNPs synthesized by a simple and convenient method without involve any nano-carrier and toxicity organic solvent. Meanwhile, the functional CNPs with chitosan could be endocytosed by their nano-characterization to realize drug resistance reversal.
Metal-free visible-light-induced multi-component reactions of α-diazoesters leading to S-alkyl dithiocarbamates
Authors: Lv Yufen , Liu Ruisheng , Ding Hongyu , Wei Wei , Zhao Xiaohui , He Lin
Published: May 2022

A metal-free and visible-light-promoted strategy has been developed for the synthesis of S-alkyl dithiocarbamates through multicomponent reactions of α-diazoesters, amines and CS2.
Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass using a novel, thermotolerant recombinant xylosidase enzyme from Clostridium clariflavum: a potential addition for biofuel industry
Authors: Zafar Asma , Hamid Attia , Peng Liangcai , Wang Yanting , Aftab Muhammad Nauman
Published: May 2022

The present study describes the cloning, expression, purification and characterization of a xylosidase gene from Clostridium clariflavum into E. coli BL21 (DE3) using the expression vector pET-21a(+) for utilization in biofuel production.
An UV-photo and ionic dual responsive interpenetrating network hydrogel with shape memory and self-healing properties
Authors: Li Ziyi , Cai Jiwei , Wei Miaohan , Chen Juncheng
Published: May 2022

A developed interpenetrating network hydrogel displayed self-healing performance and dual stimuli responsive shape memory upon ionic and ultraviolet light (UV) stimulation.
Monoammonium salts of multiprotic acids as dopants for proton-conductive hydrogel membranes: the effects of anions
Authors: Niu Kainan , Luo Jie , Yang Qing , Wang Caihong , Tan Shuai , Wu Yong
Published: May 2022

Monoammonium salts of multiprotic acids, whose cations and anions are both potential proton carriers, were employed as dopants for proton-conductive hydrogels to explore the effects of anions on thermal, mechanical, and electrochemical performance.
Modulation of spatiotemporal dynamics in the bromate–sulfite–ferrocyanide reaction system by visible light
Authors: Liu Mengfei , Meng Chunxiao , Yuan Ling
Published: May 2022

The BSF reaction system displayed photoinduction and photoinhibition behavior under flow conditions. The oscillatory period decreased as the light irradiation mainly enhanced the negative process and affected the positive feedback.
Simultaneous removal of organic matter and nitrogen compounds by partitioned aeration in a 226 L-scale microbial fuel cell
Authors: Yamane Taiki , Yoshida Naoko , Sugioka Mari
Published: May 2022

Partial aeration simultaneously removed organic matters and nitrogen compounds in a 226 L reactor equipped with 27 microbial fuel cells.
Screening the functions of modified rice straw biochar for adsorbing manganese from drinking water
Authors: Zhao Jie , Ye Zhi-Long , Pan Xiaofang , Cai Guangjing , Wang Jiani
Published: May 2022

Modified biochar was used to remove Mn2+ from water with principal adsorption functions of precipitation and cation exchange. The MnCO3 and Al–Si–O–Mn mainly driven precipitation and Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ primarily contributed to the cation exchange.
Ruthenium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of aromatic and heteroaromatic ketones using cinchona alkaloid-derived NNP ligands
Authors: Zhang Ling , Chen Qian , Li Linlin , Jiang Jian , Sun Hao , Li Li , Liu Ting , Zhang Lin , Li Chun
Published: May 2022

A series of cinchona alkaloid-based NNP ligands including a new one has been employed for the asymmetric hydrogenation of ketones. By combining ruthenium complexes, various ketones were smoothly reacted with up to 99.9% ee.
The (not so) simple prediction of enantioselectivity – a pipeline for high-fidelity computations
Authors: Laplaza Rubén , Sobez Jan-Grimo , Wodrich Matthew D. , Reiher Markus , Corminboeuf Clémence
Published: May 2022

The computation of reaction selectivity represents an appealing complementary route to experimental studies and a powerful mean to refine catalyst design strategies.
Cryo-EM structure of acylpeptide hydrolase reveals substrate selection by multimerization and a multi-state serine-protease triad
Authors: Kiss-Szemán Anna J. , Stráner Pál , Jákli Imre , Hosogi Naoki , Harmat Veronika , Menyhárd Dóra K. , Perczel András
Published: May 2022

The structure of tetrameric mammalian acylaminoacyl peptidase – a key upstream regulator of the proteasome – was determined by cryo-EM (and elucidated by MD), showing a “shutters-and-channels” substrate selection apparatus created by oligomerization.
High-performance magneto-mechano-electric generator through optimization of magnetic flux concentration
Authors: Choi Han Seung , Annapureddy Venkateswarlu , Park Nokeun , Jeong Jae-Won , Hwang Geon-Tae , Ryu Jungho
Published: May 2022

The performance of MME generators was investigated under magnetic flux concentrators (MFC) and confirms the MFC with higher permeability focuses more magnetic flux to the MME generator, which can have incited an added harvested electrical power.
Direct laser writing carbonization of polyimide films enabled multilayer structures for the use in interfacial solar-driven water evaporation
Authors: Xu Chang , Gao Fan , Tang Jiajin , Yao Yanbo , Liu Tao
Published: May 2022

Direct laser writing carbonization in conjunction with HNO3 oxidation is used for readily fabricating multi-layer structured interfacial solar-driven water evaporation systems with excellent water evaporation performance and long-term stability.
Greenery-inspired nanoengineering of bamboo-like hierarchical porous nanotubes with spatially organized bifunctionalities for synergistic photothermal catalytic CO2 fixation
Authors: Guo Yingchun , Chen Weijia , Feng Lei , Fan Yanchen , Liang Jinsheng , Wang Xiaomei , Zhang Xu
Published: May 2022

The hollow tubular core–shell photocatalyst (Ni-BNCNTs@HMPs-NH2) exhibits superior activity and stability for the photothermal conversion of CO2 to cyclic carbonates under mild and co-catalyst/solvent-free conditions.
Nanosecond kinetics of multiphoton upconversion in an optically trapped single microcrystal
Authors: Huang Hanchang , Yuan Maohui , Hu Shuai , Zhong Yanyi , Cui Wenda , Guo Chuan , Song Changqing , Zhao Guomin , Han Kai
Published: May 2022

Here, we built a setup that can optically trap single microcrystals (MCs) in solution, and determine the time-resolved multiband upconversion luminescence at a nanosecond timescale.
Performance measurement based on machines data: Systematic literature review
Authors: Hidalgo Martins Gleison , Deschamps Fernando , Pereira Detro Silvana , Valle Pablo Deivid
Published: May 2022

Industry 4.0 driven by the internet of things (IoT) is changing the way of producing and has been offering smart manufacturing systems with support technologies for the digital transformation of manufacturing plants seeking improvements in productivity, in control over the process, and customisation of production, among others. Due to these technological developments, small and medium‐sized industries have been identified as a weak link in adapting their processes and resources, where they are usually the biggest victims in the transition to industry 4.0. The evidence points out that the excess data inserted in the databases of the manufacturing system of the industries influences the decision‐making process of managers, making the process more complex and dynamic. This research focuses on a systematic literature review to assess how data‐based performance measurements for machines are being handled in the context of industry 4.0. The methodological approach follows the application of the PROKNOW‐C (Knowledge Development Process‐Constructivist) method used to build a Bibliographic Portfolio in a structured way in line with the research theme. The results presented in the Bibliometric Analysis enabled the construction of a performance measurement model based on the sources of the researched articles.
A wireless charging algorithm for rechargeable wireless sensor networks in coal mines faces
Authors: Hu Qingsong , Cheng Yong , Li Binghao , Li Shiyin , Sun Yanjing
Published: May 2022

The working face is the most dangerous place of coal mines, and it is difficult (even impossible) to replenish energy by replacing batteries of sensor nodes in the working faces. This paper presents a wireless charging method for this scenario that is composed of two sub methods called mining charging and maintaining charging, respectively. Mining charging provides opportunistic charging services during the process of coal cutting through two airborne Mobile Chargers (MCs) installed on the two ends of the shearer and two portable MCs carried by shearer drivers. Maintaining charging provides opportunistic charging services for nodes in the charging radius when scraper conveyor repairmen and hydraulic support repairmen check or repair equipment, with each repairman carrying one portable MC. Simulation results show that both mining charging and maintaining charging can give energy replenishment for nodes in coal faces. When charging power of MCs is greater than or equal to 5.2 W, the first row of nodes can work sustainably. If the energy requirements of the second row of nodes are also met, the charging power of MCs cannot be less than 12 W.
Secret key generation based on signal power allocation optimisation
Authors: Lu Xinjin , Lei Jing , Li Wei
Published: May 2022

With the rapid development of wireless communication, the use of the inherent features of wireless channels to enhance and supplement existing security mechanisms has attracted widespread attention. In this work, a key generation scheme based on power allocation optimisation is proposed. The subchannel state information obtained from channel probing is employed to allocate signal power. Furthermore, an improved channel probing process is designed to implement the optimisation scheme of power allocation. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that this optimisation scheme can obtain higher key capacity, and the superiority is more prominent when the signal‐to‐noise ratio is low. Besides, the key bits mismatch rate of the proposed optimisation scheme is decreased and the corresponding key generation rate is higher compared with the benchmark.
Over‐the‐air equalization with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
Authors: Arslan Emre , Yildirim Ibrahim , Kilinc Fatih , Basar Ertugrul
Published: May 2022

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)‐empowered communications is on the rise and is a promising technology envisioned to aid in 6G and beyond wireless communication networks. RISs can manipulate impinging waves through their electromagnetic elements enabling some sort of control over the wireless channel. The potential of RIS technology is explored to perform a sort of virtual equalization over‐the‐air for frequency‐selective channels, whereas equalization is generally conducted at either the transmitter or receiver in conventional communication systems. Specifically, using an RIS, the frequency‐selective channel from the transmitter to the RIS is transformed to a frequency‐flat channel through elimination of inter‐symbol interference (ISI) components at the receiver. ISI is eliminated by adjusting the phases of impinging signals particularly to maximize the incoming signal of the strongest tap. First, a general end‐to‐end system model is provided and a continuous to discrete‐time signal model is presented. Subsequently, a probabilistic analysis for elimination of ISI terms is conducted and reinforced with computer simulations. Furthermore, a theoretical error probability analysis is performed along with computer simulations. It is analysed and demonstrated that conventional RIS phase alignment methods can successfully eliminate ISI, and the RIS‐aided communication channel can be converted from frequency‐selective to frequency‐flat.
Magnetic integrated LLCL filter with resonant frequency above Nyquist frequency
Authors: Al‐Barashi Maged , Wu Siqi , Liu Zhigang , Meng Xiangyu , Tasiu Ibrahim Adamu
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a design technique of magnetic integrated LLCL filters for grid‐tied inverters. With the proposed design technique, the LLCL filter's resonant frequency can be higher than the Nyquist frequency. Furthermore, the proposed concept was only reported for the LCL filter in the previous research works. In addition, the modulation process will produce dominant switching harmonics for unipolar PWM H‐bridge inverters at the double switching frequency. Thus, putting the resonant frequency beyond the Nyquist frequency will increase the stability zone. The proposed design methods maximize the filter inductors' utilization and resist the grid impedance variations under weak grid conditions, depending on the improved stability zone. Comparative simulation and HIL experimental results are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed magnetic integrated LLCL filter design. The HIL experimental results and the simulation results agree well with each other.
IRRT: Imagery Rescripting & Reprocessing Therapy
Authors: Köster Silvia , Köster Rolf , Schmucker Mervyn
Published: May 2022

IRRT ist ein imaginatives psychotherapeutisches Verfahren, das bei einem breiten Spektrum psychischer Leiden eingesetzt werden kann – sowohl für die Therapie der Folgen von Traumata und anderen belastenden Erfahrungen, bei anhaltenden Trauerstörungen, bei Rückfällen in unerwünschte Verhaltensweisen als auch für die Diagnostik und Verbesserung des Selbstbezugs.
Medizinische Soforthilfe nach Vergewaltigung und häuslicher Gewalt
Authors: Hampe Susanne
Published: May 2022

Betroffene von geschlechtsspezifischer Gewalt nehmen oft aus Angst und Unwissenheit keine Hilfe von Ärzt*innen oder psychosozialen Einrichtungen in Anspruch. Zudem reagieren Fachpersonen oft überfordert oder bevormundend. Das Konzept der medizinischen Soforthilfe nach Vergewaltigung und häuslicher Gewalt soll das ändern. Denn wenn ein verstauchter Knöchel ein Notfall ist, was ist dann eine Vergewaltigung?
Einfluss der perioperativen Echokardiografie auf das chirurgische Management
Authors: Mehrländer Martin , Magunia Harry
Published: May 2022

Die perioperative Echokardiografie dient als bildgebendes Verfahren nicht nur der Darstellung von anatomischen Strukturen – in geübten Händen kann sie auch dynamische Funktionsänderungen
der Herz- und Klappenfunktion darstellen. Dieser Artikel beschreibt Einsatzgebiete der perioperativen transösophagealen Echokardiografie bei (herz-)chirurgischen Eingriffen und geht auf den
Einfluss dieser Technik auf das operative Ergebnis ein.
Prävention von haltungs- und inaktivitätsbedingten Funktionsstörungen: Prinzipien und Übungsbeispiele
Authors: Herbsleb Marco , Ziezio Robert , Stanek Frank-Detlef , Donath Lars , Puta Christian
Published: May 2022

Die Aufrichtung des Menschen im Gravitationsfeld der Erde ging mit umfassenden strukturellen und funktionellen Anpassungen einher. Ein sitzender Lebensstil, Art, Umfang und Intensität körperlicher Aktivität und eine mediale Orientierung beeinflussen diese störanfälligen Anpassungen und begünstigen das Entstehen von Funktionsstörungen. Aufrichtende Übungen, regelmäßig und vielfältig praktiziert, sollten daher in Prävention und Therapie feste Bestandteile sein.
Training in der Therapie
Authors: Wilke Christiane , Leibfried Lukas P. , Abel Rebecca , Froböse Ingo
Published: May 2022

Das Verständnis von Gesundheit und Krankheit hat sich von einer defizitorientierten zu einer ganzheitlichen Betrachtungsweise gewandelt. Auch das Verständnis von Therapie entwickelte sich dadurch weiter, hin zu einer patient*innenzentrierten Herangehensweise. Das bringt nicht nur Chancen, sondern auch Herausforderungen mit sich. Damit aus Herausforderungen Chancen werden, ist es hilfreich, entscheidende Einflussfaktoren und die wichtigsten Stellschrauben für ein erfolgreiches Training in der Therapie zu kennen.
Die Rechtsfrage: Darf ich für verschiedene Zielgruppen die Preise erhöhen?
Authors: Schlegel Thomas
Published: May 2022

„Ich plane, in einer Region zu arbeiten, in der Einheimische deutlich weniger verdienen als beispielsweise Tourist*innen. Darf ich daher von Tourist*innen, die zu mir in die Behandlung kommen, für gleiche private Therapieleistungen unterschiedliche Preise berechnen? Ich überlege auch, wegen des Gender-Pay-Gap bei Männern einen höheren Preis zu erheben als bei Frauen.“

Therapeutin aus Berlin
Schwungvolles Gehen – Musikalisches Feedback in der Parkinsontherapie
Authors: Frank Petra
Published: May 2022

Akustische Signale geben Menschen mit Parkinson nicht nur Input für einen Bewegungsstart. Auch während des Gehens könnte Musik unterstützen, das Gangbild sofort zu verbessern. Erste Studien geben den Anstoß für weitere Forschung der genauen Zusammenhänge und Möglichkeiten für die physiotherapeutische Behandlung.
Stützpunkt Fast Track Notfallzentrum – Physiotherapeutische Frühintervention in der Notaufnahme
Authors: Aschoff Frank
Published: May 2022

Im Inselspital Bern untersuchen und behandeln Physiotherapeut*innen Hand in Hand mit den diensthabenden Ärztinnen und Ärzten in der Notaufnahme. Die Erfahrungen aller Beteiligten: Das Versorgungsmodell bewährt sich.
Webinare im zweiten Halbjahr, Online-Kurse (neu) und neue Veröffentlichungen
Authors: Nipshagen Sabine
Published: May 2022

Wissensvermittlung und Erweitern der eigenen Professionalität sind wichtige Anliegen unseres internationalen Berufsverbandes. Die EDTNA/ERCA hat in den letzten Jahren das Angebot stets erweitert.
Die Folgen der Schulgeldfreiheit – Wissenschaft nachgefragt
Authors: Aschoff Frank
Published: May 2022

Das Bundesland Niedersachsen hat seit Ende 2019 die Schulgeldfreiheit an privaten Berufsfachschulen gesetzlich verankert. Wie sich das auf die Berufswahl und die Schüler*innenzahlen auswirkt, untersuchten Physiotherapeut Felix Wache und sein Co-Autor Dr. Thomas Wache.
Die POCUS-Punktion
Authors: Spindler Beate
Published: May 2022

Die POCUS-Punktion (POCUS: „point-of-care ultrasound“) ist, neben den bekannten Punktionstechniken die vierte Technik der Shuntpunktion 1. „Alle Dinge sind schwer, bevor sie leicht werden“ gilt auch hier für das Befinden des Dialysepersonals zur POCUS-Punktion.
Mangelernährung vermeiden – Lebensqualität erhalten
Authors: Brandt Claudia
Published: May 2022

Die KfH-Patientenbroschüre (Abb. 1) greift das für Dialysepatientinnen und -patienten wichtige Thema der Malnutrition auf: Grundlagenwissen für eine ausgewogene Ernährung, wichtige Informationen zur Vermeidung des Risikos einer Mangelernährung, Beispielrechnungen für den eigenen Energiebedarf sowie Tipps zur Appetitanregung.
Vemurafenib effectively controlled Chemotherapy-refractory Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma with BRAF V600E Mutation: a case report and literature review
Authors: Weng Shanshan , Zhang Ding , Yang Mengyuan , Wang Liuhong , Yuan Ying
Published: May 2022

Hintergrund Die Chemotherapie ist die erste Behandlungsoption für das lokal fortgeschrittene oder metastasierte intrahepatische Cholangiokarzinom (ICC). Nach einer Erstlinien-Chemotherapie gibt es jedoch keine Standardzweitlinienbehandlung oder zielgerichtete Wirkstoffe für diese Patienten.

Fallpräsentation Hier stellen wir einen fortgeschrittenen ICC-Patienten vor, der eine radikale Entfernung und eine adjuvante Chemotherapie (Gemcitabin + Cisplatin) erhalten hat. Aber der Patient bleibt nur 6 Monate frei von Krankheitsanzeichen (No Evidence of Disease) nach dem Ende der Chemotherapie. Dann erhielt er eine palliative Operation, Strahlentherapie und systemische Chemotherapie (Tegafur+Oxaliplatin (SOX) und Nab-Paclitaxel+Gemcitabin (AG)). Leider war die Krankheit immer noch nicht unter Kontrolle. Als eine BRAF-V600E-Mutation im Tumorgewebe durch eine Next Generation Sequencing Analyse (NGS) gezeigt wurde, begann dieser Patient mit der Einnahme von Vemurafenib in einer Dosierung von 720–960 mg zweimal täglich und erreichte ein progressionsfreies Überleben von 7 Monaten mit signifikanter Remission der klinischen Symptome.

Schlüsselwörter Die BRAF V600E Mutation ist bei ICC ziemlich selten, daher wird sie in der Klinik nicht routinemäßig untersucht. Allerdings kann Präzisionsmedizin durch die NGS-Technologie verwirklicht werden, sodass die Ärzte bei der Behandlung der auf Chemotherapie-refraktären ICC die personalisierten genomischen Informationen nutzen können.
Clinical trial transparency in gastrointestinal endoscopy research
Authors: Garg Shashank , Rizvi Anam , Wee Diana , Rizvi Youshaw , Rizvi Fatima , Rizvi Anza , Thomas Sheila Louise , Inamdar Sumant , Trindade Arvind J.
Published: May 2022

Background Under-reporting of clinical trial results can lead to negative consequences that include inhibiting propagation of knowledge, limiting the understanding of how devices work, affecting conclusions of meta-analyses, and failing to acknowledge patient participation. Therefore clinical trial transparency, through publication of trial results on ClinicalTrials.gov or in manuscript form, is important. We aimed to examine clinical trial transparency in endoscopic clinical trials.

Methods The ClinicalTrials.gov database was searched for endoscopy trials up to October 2019. Adherence to the reporting of results to the database or in publication form was recorded for each trial.

Results The final analysis included 923 trials, of which 801 were completed and 122 were either terminated or suspended. Results were available either on ClinicalTrials.gov or in publication for 751/923 trials (81.4 %). Other fields have reported a publication rate of 40 %–63 %. Results were available on ClinicalTrials.gov for 168 trials (18.2 %) and in the form of a publication for 720 trails (78.0 %).

Conclusions Compared with other fields in medicine, endoscopy clinical trials have a high rate of clinical trial transparency. However, there is room for improvements as close to one-fifth of trials fail to report results and 81.8 % do not report results to ClinicalTrials.gov.
Major League Baseball during the COVID-19 pandemic: does a lack of spectators affect home advantage?
Authors: Chiu Yung-Chin , Chang Chen-Kang
Published: May 2022

A home advantage is present in most professional sports leagues. Spectators may be a major factor in home advantage, but empirical results have been mixed. Professional games were played without spectators during the 2020 season amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated home advantage in Major League Baseball (MLB) during 2020 as compared with the 2015–2019 seasons. A total of 13,044 regular-season games (898 in 2020 and 12,146 in 2015–2019) were analyzed. The sum of wins above replacement of all players was used as an indicator of team quality. The likelihood of a home-team win with spectators was not significantly different to that without spectators (odds ratio = 1.068; 95% confidence interval = 0.932–1.224, p > 0.05). The relative home advantage, percentage of home wins of total wins by a team in a specific season, was not significantly different across years, team quality, and attendance. Factorial analysis of variance models that included the variables of year, team quality, and attendance also revealed that none of these variables significantly affected the relative home advantage. The results suggest that spectators may not be an important factor of home advantage in MLB.
Composition-dependent sign inversion of the Soret coefficient of SiO2 in binary borosilicate melts
Authors: Shimizu Masahiro , Sato Kenzo , Nakashima Kento , Kiyosawa Tomohiro , Matsuoka Jun , Shimotsuma Yasuhiko , Miura Kiyotaka
Published: May 2022

Using a laser-induced local-heating experiment combined with temperature analysis, we observed the composition-dependent sign inversion of the Soret coefficient of SiO2 in binary silicate melts, which was successfully explained by a modified Kempers model used for describing the Soret effect in oxide melts. In particular, the diffusion of SiO2 to the cold side under a temperature gradient, which is an anomaly in silicate melts, was observed in the SiO2-poor compositions. The theoretical model indicates that the thermodynamic mixing properties of oxides, partial molar enthalpy of mixing, and partial molar volume are the dominant factors for determining the migration direction of the SiO2 component under a temperature gradient.
Effects of the excited states on electron kinetics and power absorption and dissipation in inductively coupled Ar plasmas
Authors: Yang Wei , Gao Fei , Wang You-Nian
Published: May 2022

The effects of the excited states on electron kinetics as well as plasma power absorption and dissipation are numerically studied in radio frequency low-pressure inductively coupled Ar plasmas. The model used in this work is based on the coupling of the kinetic module, the electromagnetic field module, and the global model module. The existence of excited states caused by the electron-impact excitations of the ground state of Ar decreases the electron temperature due to the significant depletion of the electron energy probability function in the inelastic energy range. The reduction in electron temperature decreases the power dissipation of an electron per unit volume and, therefore, increases the electron density for the fixed total power. The profile and maximum variations of the absorption power density indicate that the increased electron density suppresses the power deposition deeper into the plasma with inclusion of the electron-impact excitations of the ground state to excited states of Ar. However, the collision processes involving the excited states as reactants hardly affect the electron kinetics and electromagnetic field properties due to far lower densities of the excited states than that of the ground state of Ar.
Generation of integer and fractional perfect vortex beams using all-dielectric geometrical phase metasurfaces
Authors: Cheng Kaixiang , Liu Zexu , Hu Zheng-Da , Cao Guoyang , Wu Jingjing , Wang Jicheng
Published: May 2022

Perfect vortex (PV) beams possess a radial intensity profile independent of their topological charges, overcoming the defects of the regular vortex beams. However, the bulky optical elements used in conventional methods for generation of PV beams limit their potential applications. Metasurfaces are ultra-thin version of metamaterials with the flexible ability of controlling electromagnetic waves, promising great potential applications in many optical fields. Here, an all-dielectric metasurface based on a geometrical phase is demonstrated, featuring broadband and high efficiency in manipulation of circularly polarized light. We numerically simulate the performance of the unit-cell and metasurface for generating PV beams carrying integer and fractional topological charges. We hope the designed metasurface will provide an ultra-compact way for generation of high-quality PV beams.
Baited remote underwater video sample less site attached fish species along a subsea pipeline compared to a remotely operated vehicle
Authors: Bond T. , McLean D. L. , Prince J. , Taylor M. D. , Partridge J. C.
Published: May 2022

Context Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) are routinely used to inspect oil and gas infrastructure for industry’s operational purposes and scientists utilise this video footage to understand how fish interact with these structures. Aim This study aims to clarify how fish abundance data obtained from ROV video compares to that collected using baited remote underwater video (BRUV). Method This study compares fish assemblages observed using an industry ROV and BRUVs along a pipeline located in 130-m water depth in north-west Australia. Key results Both methods recorded 22 species of fish, however each method observed 15 unique species. The fish assemblage recorded by each method was statistically different at all sites. Differences in the fish assemblages correlated with the caudal fin aspect ratio of each species: the mean caudal fin aspect ratio of fish recorded using BRUVs was 2.81, compared to 1.87 for ROV observations. Conclusions We interpret this to indicate differences in site attachment, with site-attached species having generally lower caudal fin aspect ratios that are associated with slower swimming speeds with a burst and glide pattern. Implications Our results show that these remote video methods predominantly sample different fish assemblages and demonstrates how different sampling methods can provide different insights into fish interactions with subsea infrastructure.
A diverse English keyword search reveals the value of scriptaid treatment for porcine embryo development following somatic cell nuclear transfer
Authors: Li Wei , Zheng Hui , Yang Yali , Xu Hong , Guo Zhenhua
Published: May 2022

Context Incomplete epigenetic reprogramming of histone deacetylation (HDAC) is one of the main reasons for the low efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Scriptaid is a synthetic HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) that may improve the efficiency of porcine SCNT. Aims This study aimed to determine whether scriptaid increases the number of blastocyst cells or the cleavage rate. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis of the pertinent literature published over the past decade. Key results A total of 73 relevant papers were retrieved using a diverse English keyword search, and 11 articles were used for the meta-analysis. Scriptaid was positively correlated with blastocyst rate but had no effect on cleavage rate or blastocyst cell number. A subgroup analysis of blastocyst cell number showed that the staining method was the source of the heterogeneity. Conclusions In SCNT embryos, scriptaid treatment after activation can promote embryonic development, but there may be adverse effects on early development. Implications HDACi research should focus on SCNT birth efficiency.
Increasing fire severity negatively affects greater glider density
Authors: May-Stubbles Jarrah C. , Gracanin Ana , Mikac Katarina M.
Published: May 2022

Context Fire severity and frequency is predicted to increase over the remainder of the 21st century in Australia’s temperate forests; therefore, the effects of fire severity on forest-dependant species is of major conservation concern. Aims Determining the short-term (<1 year) effect of fire severity on a forest-dependant species, the greater glider, Petauroides volans, in Monga National Park, south-eastern New South Wales. Methods Three fire-severity classes were investigated, namely, low (canopy unburnt), moderate (partial canopy burn) and high (complete canopy consumption). Fifteen randomly allocated sites were visited in total, with five sites in each fire-severity class being visited on three separate occasions. Spotlighting of two off-track transects per site was completed over a 4-week period by using multi-covariate distance sampling (MCDS) to estimate greater glider densities at each fire-severity class. Key results An overall mean greater glider density estimate of 0.456 ha−1 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.256–0.654 ha−1) was calculated across all sites in Monga National Park. Density estimates varied among fire-severity classes; low 0.779 ha−1 (95% CI 0.358–1.692 ha−1), moderate 0.472 ha−1 (95% CI 0.262–0.848 ha−1), and high 0.077 ha−1 (95% CI 0.0142–0.414 ha−1). Conclusions Distance sampling estimates suggested that areas affected by high-severity fire have lower densities of greater gliders. Implications The importance of areas experiencing low fire severity as a source of greater glider refugia during wildfire events is evident. Under a changing climate, frequent major wildfire events may significantly affect population viability of greater gliders if insufficient time between fires allow for population recovery.
H3K9 methylation drives resistance to androgen receptor–antagonist therapy in prostate cancer
Authors: Baratchian Mehdi , Tiwari Ritika , Khalighi Sirvan , Chakravarthy Ankur , Yuan Wei , Berk Michael , Li Jianneng , Guerinot Amy , de Bono Johann , Makarov Vladimir , Chan Timothy A. , Silverman Robert H. , Stark George R. , Varadan Vinay , De Carvalho Daniel D. , Chakraborty Abhishek A. , Sharifi Nima
Published: May 2022

Significance

This study reveals that antiandrogen therapy induces viral mimicry responses that are crucial for antitumor activity. H3K9 trimethylation to silence endogenous repeat elements is essential for regaining heterochromatin stability and progression to antiandrogen resistance in prostate cancer. We found that the H3K9 trimethylation machinery is linked to poor outcomes in men with prostate cancer. Blockade of this epigenetic axis can resensitize drug-resistant tumors and elicit cytotoxic interferon responses. Antiandrogen timing and regulation of the H3K9 methylation–endogenous repeat elements– interferon axis should be considered in the development of novel epigenetic therapies and immunotherapeutic strategies for prostate cancer.
Hydration-mediated G-protein–coupled receptor activation
Authors: Fried Steven D. E. , Hewage Kushani S. K. , Eitel Anna R. , Struts Andrey V. , Weerasinghe Nipuna , Perera Suchithranga M. D. C. , Brown Michael F.
Published: May 2022

Significance

Although G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) control vast physiological pathways, their activation remains chemically and physically enigmatic. Our osmotic stress studies of the visual receptor rhodopsin have redefined the standard model of GPCR signaling by revealing the essential role of bulk water. We show results consistent with a large number of water molecules flooding the rhodopsin interior during activation to stabilize the effector binding conformation. These results suggest a model of GPCR activation in which the receptor becomes solvent-swollen upon formation of the active state. We thus demonstrate the mechanism whereby water acts as a powerful allosteric modulator of a pharmacologically important membrane protein family.
NOS2 and
S
-nitrosothiol signaling induces DNA hypomethylation and LINE-1 retrotransposon expression
Authors: Switzer Christopher H. , Cho Hyun-Ju , Eykyn Thomas R. , Lavender Paul , Eaton Philip
Published: May 2022

Significance

Nitric oxide is a multifaceted signaling molecule that affects multiple pathways and cellular systems. Here, we report that inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, which is strongly correlated with inflammation and poor outcomes in patients with cancer, substantially alters DNA methylation to regulate cellular plasticity. Our data connect inflammation mechanistically with stress signals, DNA demethylation, and genotoxic retrotransposon expression. Passive DNA demethylation occurs during conditions of reduced DNA (cytosine-5)–methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) activity; however, the cellular pathways that control passive demethylation are not clear. Our results show that sustained cellular stress signals result in DNMT1 protein loss and DNA hypomethylation, similar to DNMT1 inhibition by 5-azacytidine. This implies that chronic inflammation drives cellular transformation via DNA hypomethylation and retrotransposon activation.
Assessing the rate of torque development in sprint cycling: a methodological study
Authors: Connolly Shannon , Peeling Peter , Binnie Martyn J. , Goods Paul S. R. , Blazevich Anthony J. , Timmerman Wouter P. , Abbiss Chris R.
Published: May 2022

The present study examined (i) the magnitude of the rate of torque development (RTD) and (ii) the between‐day reliability of RTD at the start of a cycling sprint when sprint resistance, sprint duration, and the pedal downstroke were altered. Nineteen well‐trained cyclists completed one familiarisation and three testing sessions. Each session involved one set of 1‐s sprints and one set of 5‐s sprints. Each set contained one moderate (0.3 N m kg−1), one heavy (0.6 N m kg−1), and one very heavy (1.0 N m kg−1) resistance sprint. RTD measures (average and peak RTD, RTD 0–100 ms, and RTD 0–200 ms) were calculated for downstroke 1 in the 1‐s sprint. For the 5‐s sprints, RTD measures were calculated for each of the first three downstrokes, as an average of downstrokes 1 and 2, and as an average of downstrokes 2 and 3. Whilst RTDs were greatest in downstroke 3 at all resistances, the greatest number of reliable RTD measures were obtained using the average of downstrokes 2 and 3 with heavy or very heavy resistances, where average and peak RTD, and RTD 0–200 ms were deemed reliable (ICC ≥ 0.8, CV ≤ 10%). Since only 1–2 downstrokes can be completed within 1 s, the greatest RTD reliability cannot be achieved using a 1‐s sprint; therefore, the average of downstrokes 2 and 3 during a >2‐s cycling sprint (e.g. 5‐s test) with heavy or very heavy resistance is recommended for the assessment of RTD in sprint cyclists.

Highlights

Whilst RTD measures were greatest in pedal downstroke 3 at all resistances, the greatest number of reliable RTD measures were obtained using the average of pedal downstrokes 2 and 3 with heavy or very heavy resistances, with average and peak RTD, and RTD 0–200 ms having acceptable reliability.

RTD 0–100 ms and all RTD measurements for downstroke 1 were not reliable and should not be used. As only 1–2 downstrokes can be performed in 1 s, the greatest RTD reliability cannot be achieved using a 1‐s sprint. Instead, RTD may be evaluated using a 5‐s sprint.
Investigation of spatial structure and sympathetic cooling in the 9Be+–40Ca+ bi-component Coulomb crystals
Authors: Li Min , Zhang Yong , Zhang Qian-Yu , Bai Wen-Li , He Sheng-Guo , Peng Wen-Cui , Tong Xin
Published: May 2022

We study the spatial structure and sympathetic cooling of the bi-component Coulomb crystal (CC), which consists of approximate 450 9Be+ ions and 450 40Ca+ ions with a mass ratio of 0.225 in a segmented linear ion trap. By two-dimensional imaging of the bi-component CC, the 9Be+ ions are found to be surrounded by the 40Ca+ ions in the radial direction with a separation ratio of ∼ 2.0, and the axial length of the 9Be+ ions occupied area is much larger than that of the 40Ca+ ions occupied area. Combined with the previous experimental results, the structure of the 9Be+–40Ca+ CC shows the larger the difference in the mass–charge ratio, the larger the separation between the two species. The comparison of the fluorescence spectra of the 9Be+ ions in the bi-component CC and the pure CC indicates that the 9Be+ ions can be sympathetically cooled and stably localized by the laser-cooled 40Ca+ ions during the recording of the fluorescence spectrum.
Implementation of an 8-bit bit-slice AES S-box with rapid single flux quantum circuits
Authors: Yang Ruo-Ting , Xue Xin-Yi , Yang Shu-Cheng , Gao Xiao-Ping , Ren Jie , Yan Wei , Wang Zhen
Published: May 2022

Rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) circuits are a kind of superconducting digital circuits, having properties of a natural gate-level pipelining synchronous sequential circuit, which demonstrates high energy efficiency and high throughput advantage. We find that the high-throughput and high-speed performance of RSFQ circuits can take the advantage of a hardware implementation of the encryption algorithm, whereas these are rarely applied to this field. Among the available encryption algorithms, the advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm is an advanced encryption standard algorithm. It is currently the most widely used symmetric cryptography algorithm. In this work, we aim to demonstrate the SubByte operation of an AES-128 algorithm using RSFQ circuits based on the SIMIT Nb03 process. We design an AES S-box circuit in the RSFQ logic, and compare its operational frequency, power dissipation, and throughput with those of the CMOS-based circuit post-simulated in the same structure. The complete RSFQ S-box circuit costs a total of 42237 Josephson junctions with nearly 130 Gbps throughput under the maximum simulated frequency of 16.28 GHz. Our analysis shows that the frequency and throughput of the RSFQ-based S-box are about four times higher than those of the CMOS-based S-box. Further, we design and fabricate a few typical modules of the S-box. Subsequent measurements demonstrate the correct functioning of the modules in both low and high frequencies up to 28.8 GHz.
Global chlorophyll responses to marine heatwaves in satellite ocean color
Authors: Noh Kyung Min , Lim Hyung-Gyu , Kug Jong-Seong
Published: May 2022

Marine heatwaves (MHWs), prolonged ocean temperature extremes, have been enhanced by global warming in recent decades. More intense and longer MHWs have increasingly negative impacts on marine organisms that threaten their resilience of marine ecosystems. In this study, we investigated global marine phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll) estimated by satellite ocean color and its response to MHWs on global and regional scales. We find that MHWs typically decreases chlorophyll concentrations in the tropics and mid-latitudes, with increases at high latitudes. The magnitude of chlorophyll responses to MHWs is increased in response to higher intensity and longer duration of MHWs. We find a change in the response from negative to positive chlorophyll responses to MHWs across the 40°–50° latitude bands in both hemispheres where the strongest meridional gradient in nitrate concentration exists. In these response-changing regions, the latitudinal contrast of the chlorophyll response is more distinctive in the warm season rather than in the cold season because of the shallower climatological mixed layer. The present study highlights the global phytoplankton responses to MHWs and their sensitivity to MHWs properties that imply the importance of upper-ocean interactions between phytoplankton and the mixed-layer.
Bootstrapping more QM systems
Authors: Berenstein David , Hulsey George
Published: May 2022

We test the bootstrap approach for determining the spectrum of one dimensional Hamiltonians. In this paper we focus on problems that have a two parameter search space in the bootstrap approach: the double well and a periodic potential associated with the Mathieu equation. For the double well, we compare the bootstrapped energies with contributions from perturbative and non-perturbative results, finding good agreement. For the periodic potentials, we notice that the bootstrap approach gives the band structure of the periodic potential, but it has trouble finding the quasi-momentum of the system. To make further progress on determining the dispersion relation of the bands, new techniques are needed.