bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uno nunca regresa como sale: a viagem das palenqueras com os doces
Authors: Freire Maíra Samara
Published: April 2020

Esse artigo resulta de uma etnografia no período vivenciado com sete mulheres negras oriundas de San Basilio de Palenque, que em função de sua atividade laboral com doces, estavam em Bucaramanga, cidade localizada em Santander, Colômbia. Nesse trabalho procuro entender sua agência social e os desdobramentos dessa experiência. A tentativa é a de acompanhar o movimento das mulheres em circulação com os doces, e assim pensar nos fluxos, nos deslocamentos, nas interações e nos significados desta atividade em termos das relações de gênero, trabalho, raça e classe social apontando o comércio como o lugar da experiência de luta, de trabalho e de sobrevivência da mulher negra na diáspora africana.

 

Palavras-chave: palenqueras; raça; trabalho; antropologia das relações raciais;
"Surto importado": migrações de crise no Brasil na década de 2010
Authors: Santos da Costa Maia Ana Carolina , Azize Rogerio Lopes
Published: April 2020

Este artigo discute aspectos da economia da distribuição da diferença entre migrantes chegados ao Brasil a partir de dois casos emblemáticos da década de 2010: os haitianos e os venezuelanos. O material empírico são reportagens jornalísticas sobre a chegada desses migrantes no país, nas quais são veiculadas percepções de gestores, políticos, organismos internacionais/ONGs e da própria população brasileira, com foco especial em supostos riscos que estes fluxos migratórios oferecem à saúde no Brasil. Tanto o fluxo de haitianos como o de venezuelanos no país - que atingiram seu auge em momentos distintos, mas que guardam entre si similaridades - são “bons para pensar” a produção de fronteiras simbólicas a partir da mobilização de alguns marcadores da diferença presentes na construção da imagem desses migrantes. A associação de determinadas nacionalidades e determinadas patologias e metáforas de perigo acionadas na descrição do maciço fluxo de migrantes - “invasão”, “colapso”, "catástrofe” - constituem um ponto de inflexão, a partir sobretudo do caso venezuelano, na construção de um discurso hegemônico sobre o Brasil como acomodador exemplar de diferenças raciais, étnicas e culturais.
Fronteiras contemporâneas e diferenças em movimento
Authors: Paixão Corrêa Ester , De Sousa Bemerguy Telma
Published: April 2020

A proposta apresentada para a chamada ao dossiê “Gênero, deslocamentos e fronteiras no/do mundo contemporâneo” é fruto da parceria de duas pesquisadoras amazônidas que, trabalhando em diferentes contextos empíricos e em diferentes universidades brasileiras, têm sido instadas a refletir sobre suas próprias experiências de deslocamento e trânsito no contexto da realização de suas pesquisas de campo sobre viagens, experiências migratórias e de mobilidade. Reconhecendo que tratamos aqui de temáticas bastante abrangentes, neste espaço a nós concedido, apresentaremos brevemente a literatura que utilizamos como fonte de inspiração para circunscrever questões no amplo campo de debates pelo qual o dossiê transita. Nesse exercício, esperamos deixar claro ao leitor que as inquietações teóricas que inspiraram essa proposta de dossiê estão profundamente atravessadas por nossas experiências vividas como mulheres em deslocamento. Ao final, apresentaremos os trabalhos selecionados para compor o dossiê, destacando as contribuições que estes apresentaram em relação às questões propostas.
Chalcones: Retrospective Synthetic Approaches and Mechanistic Aspects of a Privileged Scaffold
Authors: Leitão Emília P.T.
Published: April 2020

This review summarizes the synthetic methodologies used in the last 25 years for the synthesis of
chalcones, which are a class of flavonoids having a 1,3-diphenyl-2-propene-1-one backbone. These compounds
are considered a hot topic in the field of medicinal chemistry, due to their pharmacological activity and because
they are important precursors for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with therapeutic applications such as:
flavones, flavanones, isoxazolines, benzothiazepines, pyrimidines and pyrazolines derivatives.
Overview of Wireless Implantable Energy Supply and Communication Technology
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Qin Yuping , Kuang Jiang-ming , Yang Jining , Xu Jin , Wang Jiujiang , Liu Yihe
Published: April 2020

With the development of integrated circuits and microelectronics, integrated and miniaturized
implantable medical devices are increasingly used in modern medical technologies, e.g.,
cardiac pacemakers, vasodilators, and cochlear implants. However, the normal operation of these
devices is inseparable from the availability of sufficient energy supply and the bidirectional transmission
of internal and external signals. Due to the limitation of the working environment of sensors,
there is only a small space for most implanted electronic devices, which is a challenge faced by
existing technology. In this paper, current wireless implantable energy supply and communication
technologies are reviewed to determine the best available technologies, thereby providing a reference
for method selection in designing implantable medical systems.
Network Intrusion Detection Methods Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Li Xiangwen , Zhang Shuang
Published: April 2020

To detect network attacks more effectively, this study uses Honeypot techniques to collect
the latest network attack data and proposes network intrusion detection classification models,
based on deep learning, combined with DNN and LSTM models. Experiments showed that the data
set training models gave better results than the KDD CUP 99 training model’s detection rate and
false positive rate. The DNN-LSTM intrusion detection algorithm, proposed in this study, gives better
results than KDD CUP 99 training model. Compared to other algorithms, such as LeNet, DNNLSTM
intrusion detection algorithm exhibits shorter classification test time along with better accuracy
and recall rate of intrusion detection.
Recent Patents on Valve Mechanism Device
Authors: Dai Ye , Zhang Hui-Bing , Qi Yun-Shan
Published: April 2020

Background:

Valves are an important part of nuclear power plants and are the control
equipment used in nuclear power plants. It can change the cross-section of the passage and the flow
direction of the medium and has the functions of diversion, cutoff, overflow, and the like. Due to the
earthquake, the valve leaks, which will cause a major nuclear accident, endangering people's lives and
safety.

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to synthesize the existing valve devices, summarize and analyze
the advantages and disadvantages of various devices from many literatures and patents, and solve some
problems of existing valves.

Methods:

This article summarizes various patents of nuclear-grade valve devices and recent research
progress. From the valve structure device, transmission device, a detection device, and finally to the
valve test, the advantages and disadvantages of the valve are comprehensively analyzed.

Results:

By summarizing the characteristics of a large number of valve devices, and analyzing some
problems existing in the valves, the outlook for the research and design of nuclear power valves was
made, and the planning of the national nuclear power strategic goals and energy security were planned.

Conclusion:

Valve damage can cause serious safety accidents. The most common is valve leakage.
Therefore, the safety and reliability of valves must be taken seriously. By improving the transmission of
the valve, the problems of complicated valve structure and high cost are solved.
Plasma Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 and Cholecystokinin Responses to Fast Food in Healthy-Weight and Obese Men
Authors: Handayani Dian , Putri Dianita Setya Pradita , Sujuti Hidayat , Andarini Sri , Rahmawati Widya , Kusumastuty Inggita , Harti Leny Budhi , Sabrina Nindy
Published: April 2020

Satiety hormones play a role in obesity metabolism. The satiety response to similar nutrients in food in healthy and obese men remains undefined. The research was aimed to determine the satiety response differences by comparing the effect of isocaloric fast-food consumption on reducing appetite-related gut hormones, such as glucagon-like fullness ratings and both GLP-1 and CCK among healthy and obese men. Respondents were given an isocaloric fast food, then GLP-1 and CCK levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Visual analogue scale (VAS) form was used for hunger and fullness ratings of the subjects. The difference level of GLP-1, CCK, and VAS between groups were measured by t-test. The correlation between VAS hunger and fullness rating was measured by Pearson. Plasma hormone levels in 16 obese and 16 healthy-weight respondents were assessed before eating and at 30, 60, and 120 minutes after consumption. In obese men, GLP-1 levels were significantly higher than those in healthy-weight men at 60 and 120 minutes, while healthy-weight men had significantly higher CCK levels than those of obese men over time (all p<0.05). The total area under the curve (AUC) for GLP-1 was significantly higher for obese men than for healthy-weight men, while the AUC for CCK was significantly higher for healthy-weight men than for obese men. Obese men have higher plasma GLP-1 levels and lower plasma CCK than healthy men indicates that those respondents were experiencing glucose intolerance and leptin alteration. The hormonal systems that may contribute to the development of obesity need further investigation.
The Effect of Vitamin E Administration on Histopathological Description of Mice (Mus musculus) Liver ExposedÂ toÂ Mercuric Chloride
Authors: Charisma Acivrida Mega , Arianing Intan Febiola
Published: April 2020

Mercuric chloride may deposit in the liver with a high metabolic rate, delivering substrate and energy from one metabolic system to others, and processing and synthesizing various substances transported to the body. This research aimed to determine the effect of vitamin E administration on liver histopathology of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to mercuric chloride and to determine the histopathological image of the liver. Samples were grouped into P0 (not treated), P1 (mercuric chloride 50 mg/kgBW), P2 (mercuric chloride 50mg/kgBW + vitamin E 50mg/kgBW), P3 (mercuric chloride 50mg/kgBW + vitamin E 100mg/kgBW), and P4 (mercuric chloride 50mg/kgBW + vitamin E 150mg/kgBW) using experiment laboratory method. The data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA to recognize the difference in changes in vitamin E on hepatocytes damage exposed to mercury chloride. The results showed mercury chloride damages hepatocyte, while the administration of vitamin E as a whole showed changes in hepatocyte repair. The optimal dose for hepatocyte repair is 100mg/kgBW.Â
Correlation between Ultrasound Findings of Uric Acid Precipitate in MTP I and Acute Gout Flare in Gouty Arthritis
Authors: SUSANTI Elys , Ilyas Muhammad , Idris Nurlaily , Zainuddin Andi Alfian , Murtala Bachtiar , HP Faridin
Published: April 2020

Acute gout flare is the most common manifestation of gouty arthritis that intermittently occurs with severe pain in the joints due to interactions between monosodium urate crystals (MSU) and the surrounding tissues. The most common predilection is the metatarsophalangeal joint (the 1st MTP). Ultrasound examination is a modality that can be used to visualize MSU crystal precipitates in and around joints. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the findings of the MSU crystal precipitate on the 1st MTP using ultrasound with the occurrence of acute gout flare in gout patients. This study was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional method. The samples were 41 patients with a history of previous acute flares and in the intercritical phase when participating in the study. Examinations of ultrasound on the 1st MTP and random serum uric acid level were performed. Evaluations were carried out on both of the 1st MTPs to assess the shape of the MSU crystalline precipitate, namely Double Contour Sign (DCS), aggregate, and tophus. Each sample was evaluated within five days to assess the presence or absence of an acute flare. The diagnostic tests used were the Chi-Square Test and the Fischer Exact Test with a significance value of p <0.05. The results showed the images of DCS were seen in 20 samples with 9 (45%) samples experiencing acute flare (p <0.05), while in 21 samples where no DCS were found, all did not experience any flare. Findings of aggregate and tophus were rarely found, 7.3% and 4.9%, respectively. In this study, the finding of DCS precipitates using ultrasound has a significant correlation to the emergence of acute flare and is a significant form of precipitate findings in this study, whereas aggregate and tophus precipitates are difficult to determine.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИКЛАДАННЯ МОДУЛЮ «ХІРУРГІЯ» З ВРАХУВАННЯМ ТЕОРІЇ ПОКОЛІНЬ STRAUSS-HOWE
Authors: Сніжко С. С. , Кримець С. А.
Published: April 2020

Резюме. У статті викладені основні підходи до принципів навчання модулю «Хірургія» студентів медичних факультетів IV і V курсів вищих навчальних медичних закладів з позицій теорії поколінь Strauss-Howe. Сучасне викладання повинне враховувати психологічні особливості людей, які народилися після 1996 року: залежність від цифрових технологій та сприйняття інформації шляхом короткої і яскравої подачі. Сучасний студент володіє дуже корисними когнітивними навиками – це колосальна здатність до multitasking (мультизадачності). Специфіка роботи їхнього мозку – це висока швидкість, відмінна інтерактивність, здатність швидко грати в комп’ютерні ігри і повне несприйняття книг. Але multitasking повністю ослабив дві важливі речі, на яких базується класичне навчання: об’єм уваги і довгострокову пам'ять. Процес викладання такої практичної дисципліни як хірургія повинен базуватися на абсолютно нових підходах, відмінних від тих, які були 10-20 років тому. Cучасний студент не зможе концентруватися, якщо подача навчального матеріалу викладачем є одноманітною більше, ніж 10-15 хвилин. Головний шлях до мотивації покоління Z – за короткий період надати інформацію, в якій вони побачать очевидну практичну користь для себе. Під час лекції чи аудиторного заняття викладачу слід постійно створювати ідеальне співвідношення між часом подання інформації і її практичною цінністю. Подача клінічної інформації повинна вкластися в межах 5-7 хвилин і висвітлити основні пункти: паспортні дані, хірургічний діагноз, тактику і метод лікування у даному випадку. Викладач повинен враховувати соціальні і психологічні аспекти життя покоління Z і створювати гнучку індивідуалізовану систему викладання, абсолютно відмінну від тієї, за якою навчали його. Вона не завжди буде зручною для педагога, однак дозволить створити добрий комунікативний зв'язок між ним і студентами, що дозволить досягнути основної мети навчання.
АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ ПРОГРАМИ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ НА ПОКАЗНИКИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ПЕРЕДПЛІЧЧЯ ТА КИТИЦІ У ХВОРИХ З ПОСТТРАВМАТИЧНИМИ КОНТРАКТУРАМИ ПРОМЕНЕВО-ЗАП’ЯСТКОВОГО СУГЛОБА
Authors: Бирчак В. М.
Published: April 2020

Резюме. Цілі: визначення динаміки параметрів функціонування передпліччя та китиці у хворих з посттравматичними контрактурами променево-зап’ясткового суглоба (ПЗС) під впливом розробленої програми фізичної терапії.

Методи. Обстежено 56 осіб з постіммобілізаційною контрактурою ПЗС. Їх було поділено на дві групи: контрольну (займались згідно принципів поліклінічної реабілітації) та групу порівняння (займались за розробленою програмою фізичної терапії - авторська комбінація теплого вологого компресу у поєднанні із постізометричною релаксацією м’язів передпліччя та китиці; масаж китиці, ПЗС, передпліччя, плеча; функціональне тренування передпліччя, китиці; лікування положенням за допомогою динамічних ортезів; кінезіологічне тейпування. Ефективність програми оцінювали в динаміці порівняння стану здорової та травмованої рук за результатами Тесту дослідження функцій руки (Action Research Arm Test) та Тесту для руки Френчай (Frenchаy Arm Test).

Результати. При визначенні динаміки субтестів Тесту дослідження функцій руки визначено статистично значуще покращення параметрів основної групи відносно вихідних показників та даних групи порівняння (р<0,05). За  субтестами циліндричного та щипкового захоплення вдалося досягнути величин здорової руки. Пацієнти основної групи також продемонстрували покращення функціонування руки у порівнянні з вихідним тестуванням та параметрами групи порівняння за всіма проведеними завданнями Тесту Френчай (р<0,05).

Висновки. Запропонована програма фізичної терапії дозволяє досягти швидких позитивних результатів, сприяє відновленню функції передпліччя, китиці та пальців, швидшій адаптації до побутових і трудових навантажень, покращенню якості життя та соціалізації.
ДИНАМІЧНА ПРОГНОСТИЧНА ШКАЛА ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ СТУПЕНЯ РИЗИКУ ВЕНОЗНИХ ТРОМБОЗІВ ТА ЕМБОЛІЙ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ З ІЗОЛЬОВАНОЮ ТА ТЯЖКОЮ ПОЄДНАНОЮ ТРАВМОЮ ЖИВОТА
Authors: Бохонко Р. Л. , Матвійчук О. Б. , Король Я. А. , Федчишин Н. Р. , Федоришин Т. М.
Published: April 2020

Резюме. Метою дослідження є покращення результатів лікування пацієнтів з ізольованою та тяжкої поєднаної травми живота (ТПТЖ) шляхом диференційованої профілактики венозних тромбозів та емболій (ВТЕ) за рахунок використання опрацьованої динамічної прогностичної шкали визначення ступеня їх ризику.

Матеріали та методи. В основу роботи покладено результати лікування 140 постраждалих ретроспективної, 105 пацієнтів проспективної та 57 травмованих групи проспективного прогнозування з ізольованою та ТПТЖ, оперованих у 2005-2017 роках.

Результати дослідження. За ходом виконання дослідження та опрацювання вибірки із 105 пацієнтів проспективної групи з ізольованою й ТПТЖ, верифіковано 27 (25,7%) випадків тромбозу в басейні нижньої порожнистої вени, з яких 10 (37,0%) проявились клінічно. Аналіз 48 показників методом однофакторного регресійного аналізу виділив 18 предикторів, які мали статистично вірогідний (р<0,05) вплив. Опрацьовано об’єктивізовану динамічну прогностичну шкалу, яка містить перелік факторів ризику ВТЕ перед операційним втручанням і в післяопераційному періоді, а їх прогностичну значимість виражено у балах.

Висновки. Встановлено 4 незалежних чинники виникнення тромбозу глибоких вен у передопераційному періоді та 3 у післяопераційному періоді На основі незалежних чинників опрацьовано об’єктивізовану динамічну прогностичну шкалу прогнозування ризику венозних тромбозів та емболій. Впровадження в клініці об’єктивізованої прогностичної динамічної шкали ступеня ризику ВТЕ і відповідне застосування профілактики дозволило суттєво знизити частоту цих ускладнень з 25,7% до 7,1% (р<0,05).
ХІРУРГІЧНА ТАКТИКА У ПАЦІЄНТІВ ІЗ КРОВОТЕЧЕЮ З ГАСТРОЕЗОФАГЕАЛЬНИХ ВАРИКОЗНО РОЗШИРЕНИХ ВЕН
Authors: Василюк С. М. , Лаб'як І. Р. , Гудивок В. І. , Беркій Т. Л. , Василюк А. С.
Published: April 2020

Обгрунтування. Кровотеча з гастроезофагеальних варикозно розширених вен (ВРВ) є одним з найнебезпечніших ускладнень портальної гіпертензії (ПГ) різного ґенезу. Наявність клінічно значимої ПГ є основним чинником, що значно погіршує прогноз кровотечі. Ми вирішили оцінити ефективність лікування пацієнтів з кровотечами, спричиненими гастроезофагеальними ВРВ.

Матеріали. Проаналізовано 168 пацієнтів з ПГ, яка ускладнилася кровотечами з ВРВ стравоходу і шлунку.

Результати. Досягнути гемостазу ендоскопічним лігуванням вариксів на висоті кровотечі вдалося тільки у 6 (28,6 ± 9,86 %) серед 21 пацієнта, в яких гастроезофагеальні вени поширювалися з стравоходу на шлунок по малій кривині і мали стовбурову будову. Серед 57 пацієнтів, в яких кровоточили ізольовані вени шлунку гемостаз було досягнуто у 25 (43,9 ± 6,57 %) і серед 23, в яких кровоточили ВРВ великої кривини, антрального відділу шлунку або ВРВ ДПК – у 9 (39,1 ± 10,18 %). Ендоскопічна зупинка кровотечі була неефективною у пацієнтів, в яких спостерігалися великі конгломерати ВРВ, що поширювалися із стравоходу у шлунок по великій кривині через необхідність значної інверсії. В комплекс системної внутрішньовенної терапії входило відновлення ОЦК і збереження тканинної перфузії, антифібринолітична терапія, пероральна антибіотикопрофілактика, профілактикика печінкової енцефалопатії, портодекомпресивна терапія, прийом неселективних β-блокаторів.

Висновок. Ендоскопічний гемостаз є провідним заходом в лікуванні кровотеч з гастроезофагеальних ВРВ. До вибору методу гемостазу (лігування чи склерозування) слід підходити індивідуалізовано та враховувати можливість рецидиву кровотечі. Стратифікований ризик профілактики рецидивів кровотечі з гастроезофагеальних ВРВ з врахуванням функції печінки за Child-Pugh, гемодинамічної відповіді на неселективні β-блокатори та індексу NIEC дозволяє підвищити виживання пацієнтів.
ЗМІНИ ВУГЛЕВОДНОГО ОБМІНУ ПРИ ПІСЛЯОПЕРАЦІЙНІЙ КОГНІТИВНІЙ ДИСФУНКЦІЇ
Authors: Дубівська С. С. , Григоров Ю. Б.
Published: April 2020

Резюме. Метою дослідження є визначення вмісту основних моніторингових показників обміну вуглеводів у пацієнтів з хірургічною патологією залежно від віку після застосування загального наркозу. Дослідження 130 пацієнтів було проведено в хірургічних відділеннях різного профілю на базі Харківської міської клінічної лікарні швидкої та невідкладної медичної допомоги ім. проф. А.І. Мещанінова.

Оперативне втручання проводили в умовах загальної багатокомпонентної анестезії зі штучною вентиляцією легень з використанням пропофолу і фентанілу, тіопенталу – натрію і фентанілу. Пацієнти були розподілені відповідно на три групи: 1 група (n = 46) – пацієнти молодого віку (18-43 роки); середній вік 30,1 ± 1,0 рік, 24 людини, з них 22 жінки. 2 група (n = 43) – пацієнти середнього віку (44-59 років); середній вік 49,3 ± 5,1 років, 18 чоловіків, 25 жінок. 3 група (n = 41) – пацієнти похилого віку (60-80 років); середній вік 74,4 ± 6,1 року, 22 людини, з них 19 жінок. Відповідно до мети і завдань дослідження у крові пацієнтів визначали основні біохімічні маркери вуглеводного обміну – вміст глюкози, пірувату та лактату.

Відсутність змін показників в крові пацієнтів молодої вікової групи свідчать про те, що для забезпечення гомеостазу глюкози на достатньому рівні працюють гуморальні механізми регуляції вмісту цього моносахариду, який є необхідним для енергетичного забезпечення процесів життєдіяльності організму. Гіперглікемія у пацієнтів середнього віку до операції та у перший тиждень після проведення наркозу та оперативного втручання може бути викликана підвищенням в крові гормонів стресу: адреналіну, кортизолу. Що стосується моніторингового показника стану вуглеводного обміну – глюкози в крові пацієнтів похилого віку, то у них спостерігається гіперглікемія в усі періоди дослідження. Через місяць практично повертається до значень до оперативного втручання. Проте дослідження таких метаболітів анаеробного гліколізу, як піруват і лактат, у сироватці крові пацієнтів різних вікових груп виявило певні особливості змін цих показників, виразність яких залежала від віку та тривалості після наркозу та оперативного втручання.
Исследование взаимодействия атомов Cs с поверхностью сапфира с использованием сверхтонкой ячейки и метода вычисления второй производной спектра поглощения паров
Authors: Саргсян А. , Вартанян Т.А. , Саркисян Д.
Published: April 2020

The influence of the interaction of Cs atoms with a dielectric surface on the position and shape of the hyperfine components of the D2 line at nanometer-order distances between atoms and the surface is studied. The use of a nanocell with a wedge-shaped gap made it possible to study the dependence of the shifts of all the hyperfine components of the D2 line corresponding to the transitions Fg = 3- Fe = 2, 3, 4 and Fg = 4- Fe = 3, 4, 5, on the distance L between the atoms and the sapphire surface windows in the range of 50–400 nm. At L less than 100 nm, due to the van der Waals interaction, there is a strong broadening of atomic transitions and a shift of their frequencies to the low-frequency region of the spectrum (red shift). The calculation of the second derivative (SD) of the vapor absorption spectra in the nanocell allows one to spectrally resolve the hyperfine components of the atomic transition down to L about 50 nm and measure the coefficient of the van der Waals interaction C3. It is shown that, at L <100 nm, an additional red shift occurs with increasing atomic density, while at relatively large distances between atoms and the surface L about 400 nm, an increase in atomic density causes a blue shift of the atomic transition frequencies. The above results are important in the development of miniature submicron devices containing atomic vapor of alkali metal.
Электронная структура полианилина, модифицированного солями меди и циркония
Authors: Шматко В.А. , Мясоедова Т.Н. , Яловега Г.Э.
Published: April 2020

The results of spectroscopic studies of the electronic structure and chemical bonds of PANI - Me composites (Me - Cu, Zr) are presented. X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy were used for research. It was established that regardless of which modifying additive polyaniline is used in composites is in partially oxidized form, however, in PANI - Zr is more oxidized than in PANI - Cu. The chemical states of nitrogen in the composites are determined; a different ratio of neutral and charged nitrogen groups is observed.
Исследование спектров генерации арочных квантово-каскадных лазеров
Authors: Бабичев А.В. , Пашнев Д.А. , Денисов Д.В. , Гладышев А.Г. , Бобрецова Ю.К. , Слипченко С.О. , Карачинский Л.Я. , Новиков И.И. , Фирсов Д.А. , Воробьев Л.Е. , Пихтин Н.А. , Егоров А.Ю.
Published: April 2020

The results of studying the temperature characteristics of arched quantum-cascade lasers of 7-8 μm spectral range with different geometric sizes are presented. Laser heterostructure was grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The active region consisted of 50 cascades based on heteropairs of solid alloys In0.53Ga0.47As/Al0.48In0.52As. Single-mode lasing was demonstrated for lasers with a half-ring diameter of 100 μm and a length of linear section of 1 mm. The maximum side-mode suppression ratio at a temperature of 290 K was 26 dB, the lasing wavelength was 7.73 μm.
Использование ЯМР и ИК спектроскопии для исследования крови в целях диагностики стадии заболевания при диффузной патологии печени
Authors: Кручинина М.В. , Кручинин В.Н. , Шувалов Г.В. , Минин И.В. , Минин О.В.
Published: April 2020

67 patients (mean age 48 ± 1 year) with diffuse liver diseases of various origins were examined. It has been established that an increase in the degree of fibrosis is associated with an increase in the resonance intensity of glucose-6-phosphates, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), inosine monophosphate (IMP), pyrophosphates, 2,3-DPH and a decrease in the resonances of inorganic phosphates and phosphocreatine, γ-, alpha- and beta- ATP, -UTP, Hb- and Mg-ATP, as well as beta- and alpha-ADP. The predictive value of a positive result of erythrocyte 31P NMR spectroscopy for liver fibrosis is 92.3% (sensitivity 85.71%, specificity 80%). In the IR spectra of the blood serum of patients with severe fibrosis, in contrast to moderate fibrosis, the resonance intensity is higher at 1280, 3190 and significantly lower at 776, 818, 889, 966, 1399.1450, 1570, 1635 cm-1, which indicates the presence of protein molecules with a secondary structure mainly in the form of a helix (alpha-helix) compared with the structure in the form of a folded sheet (beta-sheet) (p <0.001-0.05). The combined use of 31P NMR spectroscopy of erythrocyte suspensions and IR spectroscopy of blood serum made it possible to increase diagnostic accuracy (96%), sensitivity (97%) and specificity (91%) in distinguishing between degrees of liver fibrosis in contrast to the isolated use of these methods.
An Automated Approach for Finding Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in the United States: Algorithm Validation Study
Authors: Sambaturu Prathyush , Bhattacharya Parantapa , Chen Jiangzhuo , Lewis Bryan , Marathe Madhav , Venkatramanan Srinivasan , Vullikanti Anil
Published: April 2020

Background

Agencies such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) currently release influenza-like illness incidence data, along with descriptive summaries of simple spatio-temporal patterns and trends. However, public health researchers, government agencies, as well as the general public, are often interested in deeper patterns and insights into how the disease is spreading, with additional context. Analysis by domain experts is needed for deriving such insights from incidence data.

Objective

Our goal was to develop an automated approach for finding interesting spatio-temporal patterns in the spread of a disease over a large region, such as regions which have specific characteristics (eg, high incidence in a particular week, those which showed a sudden change in incidence) or regions which have significantly different incidence compared to earlier seasons.

Methods

We developed techniques from the area of transactional data mining for characterizing and finding interesting spatio-temporal patterns in disease spread in an automated manner. A key part of our approach involved using the principle of minimum description length for representing a given target set in terms of combinations of attributes (referred to as clauses); we considered both positive and negative clauses, relaxed descriptions which approximately represent the set, and used integer programming to find such descriptions. Finally, we designed an automated approach, which examines a large space of sets corresponding to different spatio-temporal patterns, and ranks them based on the ratio of their size to their description length (referred to as the compression ratio).

Results

We applied our methods using minimum description length to find spatio-temporal patterns in the spread of seasonal influenza in the United States using state level influenza-like illness activity indicator data from the CDC. We observed that the compression ratios were over 2.5 for 50% of the chosen sets, when approximate descriptions and negative clauses were allowed. Sets with high compression ratios (eg, over 2.5) corresponded to interesting patterns in the spatio-temporal dynamics of influenza-like illness. Our approach also outperformed description by solution in terms of the compression ratio.

Conclusions

Our approach, which is an unsupervised machine learning method, can provide new insights into patterns and trends in the disease spread in an automated manner. Our results show that the description complexity is an effective approach for characterizing sets of interest, which can be easily extended to other diseases and regions beyond influenza in the US. Our approach can also be easily adapted for automated generation of narratives.
Identifying the Characteristics of Patients With Cervical Degenerative Disease for Surgical Treatment From 17-Year Real-World Data: Retrospective Study
Authors: Zheng Si , Wu Yun Xia , Wang Jia Yang , Li Yan , Liu Zhong Jun , Liu Xiao Guang , Dang Geng Ting , Sun Yu , Li Jiao
Published: April 2020

Background

Real-world data (RWD) play important roles in evaluating treatment effectiveness in clinical research. In recent decades, with the development of more accurate diagnoses and better treatment options, inpatient surgery for cervical degenerative disease (CDD) has become increasingly more common, yet little is known about the variations in patient demographic characteristics associated with surgical treatment.

Objective

This study aimed to identify the characteristics of surgical patients with CDD using RWD collected from electronic medical records.

Methods

This study included 20,288 inpatient surgeries registered from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2016, among patients aged 18 years or older, and demographic data (eg, age, sex, admission time, surgery type, treatment, discharge diagnosis, and discharge time) were collected at baseline. Regression modeling and time series analysis were conducted to analyze the trend in each variable (total number of inpatient surgeries, mean age at surgery, sex, and average length of stay). A P value <.01 was considered statistically significant. The RWD in this study were collected from the Orthopedic Department at Peking University Third Hospital, and the study was approved by the institutional review board.

Results

Over the last 17 years, the number of inpatient surgeries increased annually by an average of 11.13%, with some fluctuations. In total, 76.4% (15,496/20,288) of the surgeries were performed in patients with CDD aged 41 to 65 years, and there was no significant change in the mean age at surgery. More male patients were observed, and the proportions of male and female patients who underwent surgery were 64.7% (13,126/20,288) and 35.3% (7162/20,288), respectively. However, interestingly, the proportion of surgeries performed among female patients showed an increasing trend (P<.001), leading to a narrowing sex gap. The average length of stay for surgical treatment decreased from 21 days to 6 days and showed a steady decline from 2012 onward.

Conclusions

The RWD showed its capability in supporting clinical research. The mean age at surgery for CDD was consistent in the real-world population, the proportion of female patients increased, and the average length of stay decreased over time. These results may be valuable to guide resource allocation for the early prevention and diagnosis, as well as surgical treatment of CDD.
Design of an Analysis Model for Strategic Behavior in the Digital Economy
Authors: Martin-Valmayor Miguel , Gil-Alana Luis A.
Published: April 2020

Nowadays, multi-criteria decision-making techniques are highly developed, and are widely applied in multiple fields. They model and solve decisional problems by optimising multiple conflicting objectives. These techniques are very useful because they simultaneously analyse all the different criteria, and select the best alternatives according to the decision-maker’s objectives and preferences. An important issue in this context is the adequacy of the structure of corporate long-term financing and its potential impact on the sustainable development of the long-term business plan. The purpose of this study is to advance the analysis of these strategic decisions, measuring the a posteriori results and analysing their coherence with the strategies followed a priori. To do this, sustainable strategic decisions will be mathematically modelled and parametrised, creating a system to study the preferences followed and to describe the corporate behaviour. This system is applied as a case example for two leading companies in the digital sector, and the corresponding results over the last few years are evaluated.
DETERMINANTS OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT BABIES (LBW) IN THE UPT BOLO HEALTH CENTER, BOLO SUBDISTRICT, BIMA REGENCY, NTB IN 2018
Authors: Aprianti Nurannisa Fitria , Pramudho Kodrat , Setiaji Bambang
Published: April 2020

Low birth weight babies (LBW) are still the main cause of perinatal death. The prevalence of low birth weight babies (LBW) is estimated at 15%, and Indonesia has the prevalence of low birth weight of 10.2%. The causes of infant mortality in Kabupaten Bima are mostly caused by Babies with Low Birth Weight (LBW) of (43.75%). This study aims to determine the relationship and describe the Determinants of Infants Low Birth Weight (LBW). This research was conducted at Bolo health center, Bolo Sub district, Bima Regency in March-April 2018. The research method is quantitative research equipped with qualitative research and case control was used as research design. The total population was 909 people and the sample was 180 people with a ratio of 1: 2 which was 60:80. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling. Data analysis techniques consist of univariat analysis, chi square test, and simple logistic regression test. Qualitative data analysis techniques uses in-depth interviews and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). The results of the study found that there was a significant relationship between the size of maternal LILA, BMI, maternal weight gain during pregnancy, ANC frequency, anemia and Fe consumption with LBW where the value of p is <0.05. In the multivariate analysis of simple logistic regression test, it obtained that the variable LILA size of the mother with an Exp (B) value was 19,017 (4,946-73,121) which means that the size of the mother's LILA has an effect was 19,017 times on Low Birth Weight Babies. Increase counseling on nutrition and prevention of anemia in pregnant women, socialization of reproductive health, family planning, consumption of iron and improve the quality of health services, especially inspection of ANC according to standards, improve facilities and infrastructure for health facilities and conduct training on basic LBW management by the health office and health center.
Semi Field Trial Competitive Power Married Made Sterile Aedes Albopictus as Method of Vector Control: A Current Vector Controlling Method
Authors: Rosyadi Ahmad , Sehabudin Ahmad , Rifayat Ariel
Published: April 2020

Aedes albopictus is a plant that causes Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is not as prevalent as Aedes Aegypti is not a disease given by Aedes albopictus mosquito is not much different from Aedes Aegypti mosquito. The Case Fatality Rate (CFR) of Dengue Fever is very high in Indonesia, at 41.4% at the beginning of dengue cases in Indonesia. Innovation continues to create for disease vector control to break the chain of disease. The use of sterile insect techniques is a useful thing in the things that need to be socialized in the community.
Preventing Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) with Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: Puspasari Anita , Pratiwi Endah Dyan , Humaira Firda Amalia
Published: April 2020

N/A
The Michel Henry Reader
Authors: Hubschmid Thomas Kenton
Published: April 2020

This is a book review of The Michel Henry Reader, pubished in 2019, and edited by Scott Davidson and Frederic Seyler. It summarizes the basic outlook of Henry's radical phenomenology of life and notes some of its implications.
Editorial Introduction
Authors: Apostolescu Iulian , Ferrarello Susi
Published: April 2020

Editorial IntroductionSUSI FERRARELLO AND IULIAN APOSTOLESCU
A Broader Concept of Experience?
Authors: Marín-Ávila Esteban
Published: April 2020

The work of Anthony J. Steinbock on emotions―particularly moral emotions―and on religious experience is closely related to a methodological claim. This claim is that the concepts of “experience” and “manifestation” should be understood in a broader manner than that of classical phenomenology, particularly Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology. In this paper, I examine the way in which Steinbock understands and conceptualizes the kind of givenness to which he refers with the notion of “vertical experience”. I focus on his claim that vertical experiences are irreducible to the kind of experiences that can be described in terms of what he calls “provocation”, “presentation” and the “noesis-noema structure”. Even though I make a criticism of his assertion that the latter implies that they should not be understood as forms of givenness founded on the above-mentioned structure, I agree with some major implications that he draws from them. In the last part of the paper, I discuss his suggestion that the Husserlian conceptualization of emotional givenness should be revised to set forward their structure in terms of what he calls “evocation” and try to give additional reasons, drawn from Husserl himself, to support this claim. The paper comes concludes by stressing the relevance of Steinbock’s analyses concerning what he calls “idolatry”. I argue that his analyses of attitudes that negate the vertical dimension of experience have far reaching implications that go beyond the field of philosophy of religion and open new, promising paths for phenomenological research on social and moral problems.
Efektifitas Model Pembelajaran Problem Base Learning Berbantukan Multimedia Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa
Authors: Herijon Muhammad Syahril  , Muhaimin Muhaimin , Ngatijo Ngatijo
Published: April 2020

[Effectiveness Of Using Multimedia with Problem Base Learning Models to Increase Students Problem Solving Skill].

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang efektifitas pembelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian campuran jenis Exploratory Sequential Design. Penelitian ini akan mendapatkan data kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang keduanya akan digabung untuk memperoleh data yang lebih rinci dan saling menguatkan. Berdasarkan hasil temuan pada penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa: (1) Kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada kelas PBL berbantuan multimedia lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelas PBL. (2) Multimedia berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan nilai uji -t = 0.007. (3) Ketuntasan siswa pada kelas PBL berbantukan multimedia mencapai 88% sedangkan pada kelas PBL mencapai 50%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model PBL berbantuan multimedia efektif meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa.
The Association of Direct Observation of Medical Students With Patient-Centered Care for Obesity
Authors: Miller Nathaniel , Angstman Kurt B. , van Ryn Michelle , Garrison Gregory M. , Fischer Kristin , Phelan Sean
Published: April 2020

Background and Objectives: Teaching medical students patient-centered approaches to weight loss counseling occurs in myriad ways. We examined lectures and direct faculty observation to see which was associated with better patient-centered care in medical students, measured by both self-perception and independent observer evaluation.
Methods: Third- and fourth-year students attending one medical school were surveyed regarding their education in (1) weight loss and health behavior counseling, (2) obesity stigma, and (3) whether they had experienced direct faculty observation of their weight loss counseling. Several weeks later, the students were observed during a standardized patient encounter for obesity and an obesity-relevant comorbidity. A postencounter survey assessed overall student satisfaction with the encounter and with the care they provided. Independent coders rated their patient-centered communication using a validated measure.
Results: There was no consistent association between any dependent variable and student ratings of adequacy of instruction, nor with instructional content. Direct faculty observation was not associated with overall encounter satisfaction or their overall patient-centeredness. However, experiences with direct faculty observation were significantly and positively associated with students’ perceptions of patient engagement (b=0.1, P=.05), and with independent coders’ ratings of student friendliness (b=0.13, P=.01), responsiveness (b=0.113, P=.03), and lower student anxiety (b=-0.1, P=.01).
Conclusions: Independent observation and self-report of instruction adequacy and content had no consistent association with care quality. However, direct faculty observation predicted improvement in both student self-reports and independent observer ratings of students’ interpersonal quality of care. Further work is needed to define optimal methods of imparting patient-centered care.
Manejo farmacológico de la obstrucción intestinal maligna
Authors: Fuentes Merlos Álvaro
Published: April 2020

La obstrucción intestinal maligna (OIM) es uno de los problemas más difíciles de manejar por las unidades de cuidados paliativos debido a la elevada carga de síntomas, a menudo recurrentes y, a veces, refractarios entre los pacientes con cáncer avanzado. La falta de estudios contundentes hace que la OIM se maneje empíricamente, existiendo una elevada variabilidad clínica y falta de consenso. Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente ingresado a cargo de la Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio de San Juan de Alicante que presentaba un cuadro de oclusión de intestino delgado debido a implante mesentérico en cuadrante inferior derecho. Se realizó una combinación de agentes propulsores y antisecretivos que actuaron sinérgicamente reduciendo los síntomas gastrointestinales, y presentando una mejoría tanto en la calidad de vida como en el tiempo medio de supervivencia.
Subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage in cocaine abusers
Authors: Aleksic Ivan , Dzambas Jelena , Marinkovic Nadica , Segrt Zoran , Nikolic Marina
Published: April 2020

Background/Aim. Cocaine is an alkaloid extracted from the leaves of the plants Erythroxylum coca and Erythroxylum novogranatense. It can be taken orally, intranasally, intravenously, by inhalation, or intragenitally. Cocaine abuse can cause subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage. The aim of this study was to determine cocaine and benzoylecgonine (BZ) concentrations in various body fluids and organs, the frequency of subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage, and the relationship of concentration of cocaine and BZ in different body fluids with subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods. The study analyzed a total of 26 autopsies reports from 2005 to 2018 with detected cocaine and/or BZ in the bodies during a forensic autopsy at the Institute of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Military Medical Academy in Belgrade, Serbia. Brain tissue was taken for histopathological analysis and blood from the femoral vein, while urine, gastric content, brain, kidney, and liver with gallbladder samples were taken for toxicological analyses. Results. There were 26 autopsied patients aged 23 to 56 years (mean age 33.77?8.52); 20 (75.92%) were men and 6 (23.08%) were women. Cocaine was found in the blood of 12 (46.15%), in the urine of 15 (57.69%), and in the brain of 8 (30.77%) autopsied patients. BZ was found in the blood of 20 (76.92%), in the urine of 21 (80.77%), and in the brain of 10 (38.46%) autopsied patients. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was found in 10 (38.46%), intracerebral hemorrhage in 18 (69.23%), and both subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage in 6 (23.07%) autopsied patients. Intracerebral (focal and perivascular) hemorrhage was more frequent. There were statistically significantly higher concentrations of both cocaine and BZ in most of the body fluids and organs of examinees with intracranial hemorrhage compared to examinees without hemorrhage. Conclusion. Subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage were frequent findings in autopsied cocaine abusers. The correlation between subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage and cocaine concentrations in blood was moderate. There were strong correlation between subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage and BZ concentrations in almost all the samples.
Byzantine church as a dwelling place. Monastic seclusion practices in Byzantium and Old Rus’ in the ninth-thirteenth centuries
Authors: Freze Anna
Published: April 2020

The juxtaposition of historical and architectural evidence supports the
possibility of seclusion practice in the church proper. This hypothesis is
valid for both the Byzantine Empire and Old Rus?. Seclusion in a church led
to a higher authority and religious status of an ascetic. The structural
pair of a cell and a chapel above it was introduced into a number of Middle
Byzantine, mediaeval Serbian and Old Russian monuments. Idiosyncratic
features of this module suggest its development for the specific needs of
recluses imitating the life of a stylite.
An early version of the Novgorod iconography of Sophia the divine wisdom and the circumstances of its appearance
Authors: Tsarevskaya Tatiana
Published: April 2020

The article clarifies the dating of the earliest examples of the Novgorod
Sophia iconography - a fresco of 1441 in the Novgorod Archbishop?s chamber
and a double-sided icon from the Annunciation Cathedral of the Moscow
Kremlin. A reasonable challenge to the life of this iconography is
considered on the basis of its content in the context of the
ecclesiastical political position of the Novgorod archbishop Euthymius II on
the dialogue with the Catholic Church and the reaction of the Russian Church
to the Florentine Union.