bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COLLABORATION IN WRITING ASSESSMENT: INSIGHTS INTO NOVICE AND EXPERIENCED IRANIAN EFL RATERS’ CRITICAL THINKING AND CRITERIA
Authors: JAHANSHAHI KAZEM
Published: February 2018

Hay una creciente literatura sobre técnicas eficaces a través de las cuales el pensamiento crítico (PC) puede ser fomentado en un entorno educativo. De una manera que concuerda con la enseñanza como un proceso interactivo, existe un debate considerable sobre la mejora de las capacidades de PC de los profesores en los últimos años. En cuanto a los efectos positivos de la colaboración en el PC, el presente studio analiza si la frecuencia de los componentes del PC entre evaluadores noveles y experimentados de EFL iraníes diferente mientras se evalúa un pasaje de forma individual y colaborativa (en parejas). Para ello, se adoptó un enfoque de métodos mixtos. Las evaluaciones escritas realizadas por dos grupos de evaluadores noveles y experimentados fueron codificadas en busca de declaraciones clasificadas como uno de los cinco componentes del PC (Stapleton, 2001). Los datos obtenidos incluyeron protocolos de pensamiento en voz alta y comentarios escritos hechos por evaluadores mientras que evaluaron 3 pasajes escritos por examinados de IELTS. A continuación, los evaluadores principiantes y experimentados se compararon en base a la frecuencia total de los componentes de PC utilizados al evaluar individualmente y en colaboración. Posteriormente, se intent establecer su criterio para anotar un pasaje (sin usar una rúbrica). Los hallazgos revelaron que la colaboración en la evaluación de la escritura mejora las habilidades de los evaluadores de PC independientemente de su nivel de experiencia, mientras que los índices de PC fueron significativamente mayores en parejas experimentadas. Aunque, las habilidades de PC de los evaluadores principiantes y experimentados no fueron significativamente diferentes al evaluar individualmente. Con respecto a los criterios aplicados por los evaluadores principiantes, el análisis cualitativo reveló preocupaciones importantes sobre el nivel superficial del texto. En realidad, se cree que están en la línea de formar sus estrategias personales y establecer sus propios criterios como evaluadores. Mientras que los evaluadores experimentados fueron más allá de la sintaxis en semántica.
COMMENT DÉVELOPPER LES NOUVELLES COMPÉTENCES DEVENUES INDISPENSABLES AU 21ÈME SIÈCLE
Authors: GUET NELLY
Published: February 2018

J’ai publié un livre en 2014 «Virage européen ou mirage républicain ? Quel avenir voulonsnous?» dans lequel je présente ces propositions en détail. Elles ont été présentées lors de rencontres internationals TEE (Veszprem, en juillet 2014), Convention ICP (International Confederation of Principals) à Helsinki en Juillet 2015, Symposium sur l’Education à Zug en Août 2015, 4 Conférences annuelles du Centre National de Formation Chinois des chefs d’établissement (2013 – 2016).
¿MATANDO A LA GALLINA DE LOS HUEVOS DE ORO?: ALGUNOS APUNTES SOBRE LA NUEVA REGULACIÓN DE LAS VIVIENDAS DE USO TURÍSTICO (ESPECIAL REFERENCIA AL CASO ANDALUZ)
Authors: ROCA FERNÁNDEZ-CASTANYS MARÍA LUISA
Published: February 2018

En el presente artículo se realiza una aproximación a la problemática que plantea la reciente regulación de las viviendas de uso turístico, con especial referencia a la normativa andaluza. Se inicia con una breve referencia a la llamada economía colaborativa y las plataformas P2P para seguir con un análisis de la evolución histórica de la normativa turística en la que se inserta la regulación de las viviendas de uso turístico hasta su regulación actual, con especial referencia a los recientes pronunciamientos jurisprudenciales al respecto.
UNA REVISIÓN DEL CONTRATO DE ARRENDAMIENTO DE EMPRESA EN EL ÁMBITO DE LA GESTIÓN HOTELERA
Authors: OTERO COBOS MARÍA TERESA
Published: February 2018

La industria hotelera es uno de los motores económicos del mundo. Los propietarios de establecimientos hoteleros eligen a terceros para encomendarles la gestión de su negocio con la finalidad de aumentar sus beneficios. Cada contrato de explotación posee sus propias características. Este artículo ofrece una visión del contrato de arrendamiento de empresa hotelera.
Cucumber Cultivars for Container Gardening and the Value of Field Trials for Predicting Cucumber Performance in Containers
Authors: Crane Melisa , Wehner Todd C. , Naegele Rachel P.
Published: February 2018

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is one of the most popular vegetable crops grown in U.S. home and urban gardens. The objectives of this study were to identify cultivars and planting densities for high yield of container-grown cucumbers. Additional objectives were to determine the value of field trials for predicting cucumber performance in containers and to evaluate different plant types (dwarf-determinate vs. tall-indeterminate, gynoecious vs. monoecious, pickling vs. slicing) for container use and disease severity across cultivars. Fourteen cultivars and breeding lines were tested at three planting densities in two seasons for yield, quality, and disease resistance in field and patio trials. Significant differences were detected for seasons, cultivars, and densities. Yields were highest in the spring season compared with the summer season, and the best performance was obtained using three plants per 12 L container. There was a high correlation between patio and field trials, allowing extension specialists to recommend cucumber cultivars with high yield, high quality, and disease resistance based on field trial data. Home gardeners who want space-saving, high-yielding cucumbers with tender skin should consider a dwarf-determinate, pickling type that is monoecious. With monoecious type, no pollenizer is needed, and the harvest will be spread over more weeks than would be for gynoecious types.
Intercropping Kale with Culinary Herbs Alters Arthropod Diversity and Hinders Population Growth in Aphids
Authors: Hendges Ana Regia Alves de Araújo , Melo Jose Wagner da Silva , Guimaraes Marcelo de Almeida , Rabelo Janiquelle da Silva
Published: February 2018

The aim of this work was to evaluate arthropod diversity and levels of population growth in Myzus persicae (Sulzer) under kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC) intercropped with green onion (Allium fistulosum L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), and parsley [Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nym.]. The following characteristics were evaluated under both monocrop and intercrop systems: 1) arthropod diversity and abundance, 2) population growth rate in the M. persicae aphid, 3) average number of aphids per kale leaf, and 4) total fresh weight of produced kale. The experiment was carried out in Fortaleza, in the state of Ceará, Brazil, in a design of randomized blocks, with five treatments and five replications. The family Aphididae was the most abundant, represented by M. persicae. Thirty-nine spiders were the most abundant predators. The intercrop with basil gave the greatest diversity of arthropods. The aphid population showed slower growth under the intercrop systems with cilantro and with parsley. Fresh weight production in the kale was inversely proportional to the number of aphids on the plants. The results suggest that intercropping kale with culinary herbs is a promising strategy to reduce aphid populations and losses occasioned by them.
Evapotranspiration-based Irrigation Systems and Nitrogen Effects on Yield and Fruit Quality at Harvest in Fully Mature ‘Fuji’ Apple Trees over Four Years
Authors: Fallahi Esmaeil , Fallahi Bahar , Kiester Michael J.
Published: February 2018

In a long-term study between 2008 and 2011, the use of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), when a precise crop coefficient value (Kc) was used, provided a reliable irrigation scheduling for determination of water requirement for ‘Autumn Rose Fuji’ apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh) fully mature trees. Water use, yield, and fruit quality attributes at harvest were examined under various irrigation and nitrogen (N) systems that were scheduled using ETc. Trees with a full sprinkler (FS) system received ≈39% to 41% more water than those with a full drip (FD) system during the period of 2008–11 growing seasons. On average, mature trees with an FS system received 5927.6 L (944 mm), whereas those with an FD system received 3610.3 L of water per tree (554.9 mm) per growing season over the period of 2008 through 2011. Fruit from trees with FS and FD were larger, whereas those with 50% FS were smaller than those from all other treatments. Trees with 50% FS treatment received a higher volume of water but had smaller fruit size than those with 50% FD or 65% FD. Averaging values over 4 years revealed that applications of any form of deficit irrigation (DI), either by microjet irrigation or drip, increased fruit soluble solids concentration (SSC) and firmness but decreased water core at harvest. Considering yield, and quality attributes in this study, a well-calculated ETc-based FD irrigation system is recommended over any other irrigation regime. If application of deficit water is mandated, application of 65% FD is preferred over 50% FS, as trees with 65% FD treatment received less water while had larger fruit than those of 50% FS. Trees receiving 80 g N/tree had lower fruit color and russet than those receiving 40 g N/tree. However, other yield and quality attributes were unaffected by the rate of N fertigation.
Effects of Carbon Dioxide and Photosynthetic Photon Flux on Mineral Content in Chrysanthemum Allowing for Growth as a Covariate
Authors: Niedziela Carl E. , Depa Mary A. , Nelson Paul V. , Willits Daniel H. , Peet Mary M. , Dickey David A. , Mingis Nancy C.
Published: February 2018

The effect of CO2 concentration (330 and 675 μL·L−1) and photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) (mean daily peaks of 550–1400 μmol·m−2·s−1) on total mineral contents in shoots was studied in chrysanthemum [Dendranthema ×grandiflorum (Ramat) Kitam ‘Fiesta’] during three times of the year. Growth (as measured by shoot dry weight) and shoot mineral contents (weight of nutrient per shoot) of hydroponically grown plants were analyzed after 5 weeks. There was a positive synergistic interaction of CO2 concentration and PPF on growth with the greatest growth at high PPF (1400 μmol·m−2·s−1) with high CO2 (675 μL·L−1). When growth was not used as a covariate in the statistical model, both CO2 concentration and PPF significantly affected the content of all eight nutrients. However, after growth was included as a covariate in the model, nutrients were classified into three categories based on whether CO2 concentration and PPF level were needed in addition to growth to predict shoot nutrient content. Neither CO2 concentration nor PPF level was needed for Mg, Fe, and Mn contents, whereas PPF level was needed for N, P, K, and Ca contents, and both CO2 concentration and PPF level were required for B content.
Effects of Plant Activity on Mental Stress in Young Adults
Authors: Hassan Ahmad , Qibing Chen , Tao Jiang , Bing-Yang Lv , Nian Li , Li Shu , Tng Li Yu , Li Jun Zhuo , Ziyue Shang Guan , Tahir Muhammad Sohaib
Published: February 2018

Advancements in electronic devices have led to increases in mental stress in modern adults, and removing this stress is crucial for mental health. The purpose of this study is to examine the psychophysiological benefits of contact with indoor plants. The effects of transplanting plants (horticultural activity) and work on a mobile phone (control activity) were assessed by blood pressure measurement, electroencephalography (EEG), the semantic differential method (SDM), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The SDM data showed that the subjects felt more relaxed, comfortable and natural, and experienced lower anxiety after the transplantation of plants than the control group. Participant’s total alpha and beta wave mean values increased over time during the transplantation task but decreased at the end of the control task. The mean meditation score was significantly higher after transplanting plants. Our study results indicate that contact with plants may minimize mental stress.
Consumer Perceptions, Attitudes, and Purchase Behavior with Landscape Plants during Real and Perceived Drought Periods
Authors: Knuth Melinda , Behe Bridget K. , Hall Charles R. , Huddleston Patricia T. , Fernandez R. Thomas
Published: February 2018

In the coming decades, no natural resource may prove to be more critical to human health and well-being than water. There is abundant evidence that the condition of water resources in many parts of the United States is deteriorating. In some regions of the country, the availability of sufficient water to meet growing domestic uses, and the future sufficiency of water to support the use of landscape plants where we live, work, and play is in doubt. Conservation through water efficiency measures and water management practices may be the best way to help resolve water problems. Yet, consumer perceptions and attitudes and behavior toward water conservation may differ widely, particularly in the presence of drought. This study sought to add to the current horticulture and water conservation literature by exploring consumer attitudes and behavior during real and perceived drought situations, especially in terms of their landscape purchases and gardening/landscaping activities. Study findings could better inform educational programs and marketing strategies, helping to ensure the future demand of Green Industry products and services. With a national sample of 1543 subjects, an online survey tool was used to classify respondents into categories based on whether they accurately perceived if the region in which they lived was experiencing drought. We hypothesized that consumers were heterogeneous in their attitudes and behavior regarding plants and water conservation, depending on their real and perceived drought situations, and that their attitudes affected their behavior regarding plant purchases. Results confirmed this hypothesis. Attitudes and behaviors for those who correctly perceived they were in drought were different from those who correctly perceived they were not in drought, as well as those who incorrectly did not perceive they were in an actual drought.
Endogenous Production of Geosmin in Table Beet
Authors: Maher Lynn , Goldman Irwin L.
Published: February 2018

The earthy flavor of table beet is due to an aromatic terpene derivative called geosmin. It has been hypothesized that geosmin presence in beet is due to geosmin-producing bacteria such as Streptomyces spp. that exist in the soil. However, recent findings suggest that beet may produce geosmin endogenously without microbial influence. The purpose of this study was to determine whether such endogenous production of geosmin occurred in beet by making use of an aseptic tissue culture (TC) environment to remove potential microbial influences on geosmin production. Four table beet accessions (‘Bull’s Blood’, ‘Touchstone Gold’, ‘W364B’, and ‘Pacemaker III’) were grown in three separate TC experiments and in the greenhouse and measured for geosmin concentration via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA was used to identify potential microbial contaminants in TC. Operational taxa units (OTUs) classification resulted in RNA sequences with homology to bacterial RNA of either chloroplast (98%) or mitochondria (2%) origin. Other OTUs identified were considered within the range of sequencing error. In 15 of the 16 TC–grown samples used for the 16S rRNA aseptic validation and in all the greenhouse-grown plant samples, geosmin was detected. Geosmin concentrations from bulked beet tissue of each accession were higher in the TC environment than the greenhouse environment. The lack of microbial detection in the TC environment and the subsequent identification of geosmin from beets grown in the aseptic environment is a strong indication that geosmin is produced endogenously by beets. This finding raises several interesting questions about the functional significance of this molecule for Beta vulgaris.
Jujube Phenology, Pollen Germination, and Two Unique Germplasm Resources in New Mexico
Authors: Yao Shengrui
Published: February 2018

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) originated in China and grows well in a wide range of areas in the United States, especially the southwest. New Mexico State University’s Sustainable Agriculture Science Center has imported and collected over 50 jujube cultivars and conducted a series of jujube-related research projects. In this study, jujube phenology and pollen germination in New Mexico were investigated and two unique germplasm resources were reported. Jujubes leafed out 4–8 weeks later than most pome and stone fruits and bloomed 2–3 months later than apricots, peaches, and apples. It can avoid late frosts in most years in northern New Mexico and, thus, produce a crop more reliably than traditional fruit crops in the region. For the 48 cultivars tested for pollen germination, the germination rates ranged from 0% to 75% depending on the cultivar and year. ‘September Late’ had the highest pollen germination rate each year among all cultivars tested from 2012 to 2014, whereas ‘GA866’, ‘Maya’, and ‘Sherwood’ had the lowest. ‘Zaocuiwang’ was the first reported male-sterile jujube cultivar in the United States, and this character was consistent from year to year and, thus, it would be a valuable cultivar for jujube breeding. Cultivar Yu had pseudo-flowers which never bloomed or set fruit. It would be a useful germplasm as special landscape trees or for genomic study of jujube flowering-related genes.
Determining the Effects of a Horticultural Therapy Program for Improving the Upper Limb Function and Balance Ability of Stroke Patients
Authors: Lee A-Young , Park Sin-Ae , Park Hye-Gyeong , Son Ki-Cheol
Published: February 2018

The objective of this study was to assess the physical and psychological effects of an 18-session horticultural therapy (HT) program based on task-oriented training in stroke patients and investigate patient satisfaction. The HT program consisted of horticultural activities including the motions such as reaching–grasping, squatting, stepping, and stooping. A total of 31 stroke inpatients (16 males, 15 females) at B rehabilitation hospital in Seongnam, South Korea, participated in this study. Fourteen stroke patients participated in a thrice weekly HT program (6 weeks, ≈60 minutes per session) between Aug. and Sept. 2016, whereas another 17 stoke patients comprised the control group. At the completion of the 18-session HT program, upper limb function [manual function test (MFT)], grip strength (hydraulic hand dynamometer), pinch force (hydraulic pinch gauge), fine motor skills (9-hole pegboard), balance [Berg Balance Scale (BBS)], and activities of daily living (Modified Barthel Index) were evaluated in both groups. In addition, depression [The Korean version of the short form of Geriatric Depression Scales (SGDS-K)], rehabilitation stress (Rehabilitation Stress Scales), rehabilitation motivation (Rehabilitation Motivation Scales), and fall efficacy (The Korean version of the Falls Efficacy Scale) were evaluated. Stroke patients in the HT group showed significantly improved upper limb function, hand force, balance, fall efficacy, activities of daily living, and decreased depression (P < 0.05). By contrast, no significant change was noted in the control group. In addition, 85.7% of the stroke patients in the HT group reported being very satisfied or satisfied with the HT program. In conclusion, the HT program based on task-oriented training improved the patients’ physical and psychological function after stroke rehabilitation. These study results suggest that implementing an HT program in a rehabilitation hospital will effectively contribute to functional recovery after stroke.
The Influence of Meteorological Factors on Wheat and Rice Yields in China
Authors: Jiayu Zhuang , Shiwei Xu , Ganqiong Li , Yongen Zhang , Jianzhai Wu , Jiajia Liu
Published: February 2018

In this study, our primary objective was to explore the effects of meteorological change on crop yield by analyzing conditions for midseason rice (Oryza sativa L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in China. We conducted a detailed exploration of the relationship between yield and meteorological factors at different growing stages; specifically, the crop yield of >2000 Chinese administrative counties from 1980 to 2012 and the day‐degree data from 2481 weather stations were carefully analyzed. We first investigated the tendencies and the fluctuation ratios per unit yield to identify the differences in Chinese crops according to cultivar and region and the causes of these differences. We then determined the exact relationships between yield and meteorological factors at different growth stages via data association analysis. We also found time and spatial distribution patterns for crop yield and then established the meteorological factors influencing each index through quantitative analysis. We found that the yields of rice and wheat have witnessed steady growth in China in recent decades, and the stability of rice production has outweighed that of wheat. China's rice yield in the northeastern region at the emergence stage is greatly influenced by temperature, whereas it is during the grain‐filling stage that China's wheat yield is significantly affected by temperature. By obtaining real‐time agricultural meteorological information, crop production can be effectively and timely predicted, and more refined and scientific field management can be achieved according to the degree of importance of meteorological factors during different periods to increase crop production.
Agronomic Performance and Yield Stability of the RNA Interference‐Based Bean golden mosaic virus‐Resistant Common Bean
Authors: Souza Thiago Lívio P. O. , Faria Josias C. , Aragão Francisco J. L. , Del Peloso Maria J. , Faria Luis C. , Wendland Adriane , Aguiar Marcelo S. , Quintela Eliane Dias , Melo Carlos Lásaro P. , Hungria Mariangela , Vianello Rosana P. , Pereira Helton S. , Melo Leonardo C.
Published: February 2018

Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) causes the main common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) viral disease in Brazil, causing yield losses of 40 to 100%. Effective resistance to BGMV has not been identified in common bean lines tested in Brazil. Therefore, Embrapa used a transgenic approach to develop effective resistance to BGMV (event Embrapa 5.1), using RNA interference and plant transformation through the biolistic method. In the present work, we evaluate the agronomic performance and yield stability of 10 transgenic BGMV‐resistant common bean elite lines from the carioca market class in 31 field trials conducted in Brazil from 2012 to 2014 to identify superior line suitable for release as a new cultivar. The results showed that the presence of the transgene did not cause any loss in yield and conferred greater yield stability in the transgenic elite lines because of the resistance to BGMV. The first commercial product developed with the BGMV resistance was selected, the line CNFCT 16205 (cv. BRS FC401 RMD), which is also the first genetically modified common bean cultivar developed in the world. The line exhibited high yield potential and stability, standard commercial seeds, a normal growing cycle (85–94 d), and effective resistance to BGMV. In addition, it has moderate resistance to anthracnose. However, it is susceptible to Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV). BRS FC401 RMD can contribute to the sustainability of the common bean crop in Brazilian agriculture sector, and to the stability in the supply and price of common bean in the domestic market.
Manganese Oxides for Environmental Assessment
Authors: Rabenhorst Martin , Post Jeffrey
Published: February 2018

Core Ideas

Synthesis of birnessite that forms a durable coating requires both high lactate and high Na to K ratios.

A high lactate to permanganate ratio facilitates a rapid (<10 min) nucleation of birnessite crystals.

The high Na/K ratio facilitates crystal growth along the c axis because Na+ ions fit well within the triclinic structure.

Early‐formed birnessite is initially poorly ordered, but ordering along the c axis occurs over 2 to 3 d.

Differences in durability of birnessites are likely related to crystal morphology.

Following on earlier work that has shown the value of iron‐based IRIS (Indicator of Reduction In Soils) technology, recent efforts have focused on developing a manganese‐based IRIS coating. A synthesis procedure developed utilizing a high Na lactate to KMnO4 molar ratio followed by 3 d of dialysis, forms a crystalline birnessite that can be easily applied to PVC tubing and which forms a durable manganese oxide coating. In this study, a series of experiments were run to evaluate the impact of the following parameters on the synthesis of the birnessite: Na/K ratio; lactate/permanganate ratio; lactate source; reaction time; centrifuge washing; dialysis and ageing of the samples. Results confirm that to synthesize birnessite that forms a durable coating both high lactate and high Na/K ratios are required. The high lactate/permanganate ratio (6.7) facilitates a rapid nucleation of triclinic birnessite crystals within 10 min during which time the initial structural template is established, and where some of the manganese (approximately 38%) is reduced to Mn3+. The high Na/K facilitates the ordering of the triclinic birnessite along the c axis following synthesis, and based on analyses of x‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, the crystallites grow from 2 to 12 nm in direction of c axis over the course of several days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses show that oriented structured particles up to 1 μm form. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses demonstrate that there is no difference in the charge structure of the Mn between birnessites that will, or will not, form a durable coating. We conclude that the differences in durability are related primarily to physical interaction and/or interlocking of crystals.
Impact of a pharmacy team–led intervention program on the readmission rate of elderly patients with heart failure
Authors: Moye Pamela M. , Chu Pui Shan , Pounds Teresa , Thurston Maria Miller
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The results of a study to determine whether pharmacy team–led postdischarge intervention can reduce the rate of 30-day hospital readmissions in older patients with heart failure (HF) are reported.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients 60 years of age or older who were admitted to an academic medical center with a primary diagnosis of HF during the period March 2013–June 2014 and received standard postdischarge follow-up care provided by physicians, nurses, and case managers. The rate of 30-day readmissions in that historical control group was compared with the readmission rate in a group of older patients with HF who were admitted to the hospital during a 15-month intervention period (July 2014–October 2015); in addition to usual postdischarge care, these patients received medication reconciliation and counseling from a team of pharmacists, pharmacy residents, and pharmacy students.

Results

Twelve of 97 patients in the intervention group (12%) and 20 of 80 patients in the control group (25%) were readmitted to the hospital within 30 days of discharge (p = 0.03); 11 patients in the control group (55%) and 7 patients in the intervention group (58%) had HF-related readmissions (p = 0.85).

Conclusion

In a population of older patients with HF, the rate of 30-day all-cause readmissions in a group of patients targeted for a pharmacy team–led postdischarge intervention was significantly lower than the all-cause readmission rate in a historical control group.
Effectiveness of the water resources allocation institution in Tunisia
Authors: Mellah Thuraya
Published: February 2018

This paper examines the water allocation system and its effects on water use, users' behavior and on the country's achievement of desirable goals. It investigates efficiency, equity, and sustainability issues that arise under this allocation rule. The current allocation system functions according to a queuing system of priorities, where the urban allocation is found to be the most efficient and least risky allocation, while the ecological sector bears the highest degree of climate risk variability. The rule of priority is applied to crops as well; the non-strategic crops have the least efficient and riskiest allocation. The current system allows the country to secure drinking water supply, but it does not create sufficient incentives for entitlement holders that have priority to increase their water use efficiency, does not guarantee ecosystem health and integrity and does not equally distribute the risk among users. An institutional reform is especially relevant to improve water use performance in the agriculture sector and the country's ability to manage drought. The nonpriority system that allows farmers to exchange their water-use entitlement might increase social welfare of water use.
Comparison of carbonized materials from wastes of different origin for nonylphenol removal by adsorption
Authors: Wang Lixiao , Lou Yiling , Zhu Hong , Huang Qian , Yao Lingdan , Lou Liping , Lin Qi
Published: February 2018

The application of carbonized materials (CMs) from solid wastes for the control of hydrophobic organic contaminants is a promising way to treat wastes. In this paper, the physicochemical properties of CMs prepared from industry (fly ash and sewage sludge), plant (rice straw and bamboo fragments), and livestock (chicken manure) were analyzed, their adsorption capacities for nonylphenol were studied, and the relationship between the adsorption capacity and the physicochemical properties of different types of CMs was investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacities of CMs prepared from plant solid wastes (rice straw and bamboo fragments) far exceeded those of the industrial and livestock solid wastes. The parameter Kf obtained by the Freundlich model showed a significant and positive correlation with carbon content (C%), carboxyl content, specific surface area (SSA), and pore volume, and a negative correlation with ash content (ash%). Compared with CMs produced by the other two types of solid wastes, CMs from the plant solid wastes had the characteristics of a large SSA, rich pore structure (especially mesoporous) and high aromaticity (high C%), which were the main reasons for their superior adsorption capacity. The results could provide a scientific basis for the utilization of solid wastes.
The enhanced effect of activated sludge attached to the roots of Pistia stratiotes on nutrient removal for secondary effluent
Authors: Zhou Jian-Zhen , Zhang Xian-Qiu , Xie Wen-Ming , Yang Shun-Qing , Du Ming-Xia , Dai Ke-Wei , Han Xue
Published: February 2018

Aquatic plants are widely used for treating wastewater treatment plant secondary effluent. During this process, some residual activated sludge in the secondary effluent is intercepted and attaches to the plant roots. However, the effect of the attached activated sludge on nutrient removal in secondary effluent has up to now been unknown. Aiming at this problem, this investigation was conducted to compare the nutrient removal rates in secondary effluent by washed Pistia stratiotes (washed batch) and Pistia stratiotes with activated sludge attached to the roots (study batch). Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the activated sludge attached to the roots were extracted and characterized by three-dimensional excitation emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy. The results showed that the nutrient removal rates in the study batch were better than that in the washed batch. The 3D-EEM results showed that the protein content of EPS increased during the experiment, indicating the growth of microorganisms in the attached activated sludge. Our work demonstrated the enhanced effect of activated sludge attached to the roots of Pistia stratiotes on the removal of pollutants in secondary effluent, which is useful to guide the practical engineering of secondary effluent treatment.
The Micromorphological Research of the Internal Structure of Chairside CAD/CAM Materials by the Method of Scanning Impulse Acoustic Microscopy (SIAM)
Authors: Goryainova Kristina E. , Morokov Egor S. , Retinskaja Marina V. , Rusanov Fedor S. , Apresyan Samvel V. , Lebedenko Igor Yu.
Published: February 2018

Aim:

The aim of the present work was to compare the elastic properties and internal structure of 4 different CAD/CAM chairside materials, by the method of Scanning Impulse Acoustic Microscopy (SIAM).

Methods:

Four chairside CAD/CAM materials with different structures from hybrid ceramic (VITA Enamic, VITA Zahnfabrik), feldspatic ceramic (VITABlocs Mark II, VITA Zahnfabrik), leucite glass-ceramic (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) and PMMA (Telio CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) were examined by Scanning Impulse Acoustic Microscope (SIAM).

Results:

The results of micromorphological research of CAD/CAM chairside materials using SIAM method showed differences between the internal structures of these materials. The internal structure of feldspatic and glass-ceramic samples revealed the presence of pores with different sizes, from 10 to 100 microns; the structure of polymer materials rendered some isolated defects, while in the structure of hybrid material, defects were not found.

Conclusion:

Based on the results obtained from the present study, in cases of chairside production of dental crowns, it would be advisable to give preference to the blocks of hybrid ceramics. Such ceramics devoid of quite large porosity, glazing for CAD/CAM crowns made from leucite glass-ceramic and feldspatic ceramic may be an option. For these purposes, commercially available special muffle furnace for clinical and laboratory individualization and glazing of ceramic prostheses were provided. Further studies are needed to confirm the evidence emerging from the present research.
Mobile Phone Apps to Support Heart Failure Self-Care Management: Integrative Review (Preprint)
Authors: Athilingam Ponrathi , Jenkins Bradlee
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

With an explosive growth in mobile health, an estimated 500 million patients are potentially using mHealth apps for supporting health and self-care of chronic diseases. Therefore, this review focused on mHealth apps for use among patients with heart failure.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this integrative review was to identify and assess the functionalities of mHealth apps that provided usability and efficacy data and apps that are commercially available without supporting data, all of which are to support heart failure self-care management and thus impact heart failure outcomes.

METHODS

A search of published, peer-reviewed literature was conducted for studies of technology-based interventions that used mHealth apps specific for heart failure. The initial database search yielded 8597 citations. After filters for English language and heart failure, the final 487 abstracts was reviewed. After removing duplicates, a total of 18 articles that tested usability and efficacy of mobile apps for heart failure self-management were included for review. Google Play and Apple App Store were searched with specified criteria to identify mHealth apps for heart failure. A total of 26 commercially available apps specific for heart failure were identified and rated using the validated Mobile Application Rating Scale.

RESULTS

The review included studies with low-quality design and sample sizes ranging from 7 to 165 with a total sample size of 847 participants from all 18 studies. Nine studies assessed usability of the newly developed mobile health system. Six of the studies included are randomized controlled trials, and 4 studies are pilot randomized controlled trials with sample sizes of fewer than 40. There were inconsistencies in the self-care components tested, increasing bias. Thus, risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for risk of selection, performance, detection, attrition, and reporting biases. Most studies included in this review are underpowered and had high risk of bias across all categories. Three studies failed to provide enough information to allow for a complete assessment of bias, and thus had unknown or unclear risk of bias. This review on the commercially available apps demonstrated many incomplete apps, many apps with bugs, and several apps with low quality.

CONCLUSIONS

The heterogeneity of study design, sample size, intervention components, and outcomes measured precluded the performance of a systematic review or meta-analysis, thus introducing bias of this review. Although the heart failure–related outcomes reported in this review vary, they demonstrated trends toward making an impact and offer a potentially cost-effective solution with 24/7 access to symptom monitoring as a point of care solution, promoting patient engagement in their own home care.
THE PRINCIPLE OF NEUTRALITY AT SEA AFTER UN CHARTER AND UNCLOS 1982
Authors: Narwati Enny
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this paper is to analyze an implementation of neutrality principles at sea in time of armed conflict. It because the law of neutrality at sea has not progressed and seem stagnant since 1907 on the Hague Convention. Indeed, the UN Charter and UNCLOS 1982 set up significant developments on international law. On the other hand, there still found a lack of rules available in particular area, therefore international community provide San Remo Manual 1994. The San Remo Manual created based on the Hague Convention of 1907, the UN Charter, UNCLOS 1982, other international treaties and customary international law. To conclude, that the law of neutrality at sea should respected the sovereignty of neutral countries
VALUE CHAIN DEVELOPMENT AS ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR MAPPING WASTE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Hakim Muhammad Saiful , Baihaqi Imam , Kunaifi Aang
Published: February 2018

Solid Waste management begin at the household as waste of consumption and ended as a new form of waste product or recycling. Based on its value chain the subsequent process will have distict differences with manufacturing product. Value chain of manufacturing product will characterize as value added chain along the chain, where every side of the chain will generate positive chain. In the other hand, some parties of waste management value chain will negative value existed. Some parties in this chain will generate negative value solely because they must establish some cost for wipe the waste. Dissimilarities between value chain on product and waste will contribute to discrepancy between parties. Main purpose of this research is to identify value chain from solid waste management using value chain development. Another purpose to accomplished is to resolve discrepancy in value chain.  Research results shown that household is the parties that experiences negative value. To minimize the discrepancies there should be an action towards household
A SYNTHESIS KEYNES-MONETARIST AND REAL BUSINESS CYCLE MODEL TO INFLATION AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDONESIA 2000.1-2014.4
Authors: Soelistyo Aris
Published: February 2018

This research is addressed for the construction of Synthesis between Keynesian, Monetarist and Real Business Cycle Model to the inflation and unemployment Data is used quarterly data 2000.1 - 2014.4, The result of this research with the Keynesian model is the aggregate demand gap has no significance effect to inflation rate and the unemployment rate. But when model of variable input mount the unemployment, exchange rate, wage and the aggregate demand gap of hence yielding elastic inflation elasticity finding of positive of equal to 2,48 to the unemployment rate, and the inflation elasticity to foreign exchange is inelastic positive significance of equal to 0,88. As for the influence of wages to inflation is significantly negative elastic of equal to – 1,89. Besides, in model is also shown by condition of significance of influence of variable of aggregate demand gap to inflation of equal to 0.31. Meanwhile, Inflation in perspective monetarist viewed as by a monetary phenomenon, where the inflation influenced by money supply of equal to 1.858. Besides, Monetarist also express of relation significance of between GDP summed ugly is money supply is inelastic positive significance of equal to 0.1247. The RBC Model shows that the investment elasticity to output is significance inelastic positive equal to 0.405467, that way also with the influence of the population to GDP is significance negative equal to - 1.259925 . The other side, is founded by of Unemployment elasticity to wage rate is significance positive of equal to 0.413. Meanwhile, with the model of synthesis Keynes-Monetarist and RBC lay open that output (GDP) is influenced by the positive significance of equal to 0.206026 . The synthesis model is also expressed by that governmental fiscal governmental expenditure as a means of shows influence which significant to unemployment equal to 0.149. While component amount of money supply, affecting negativity significance to unemployment of equal to 0.55887.
DUALITY IN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE ACCOUNTING PRACTICES
Authors: Cahyaningtyas Fadilla
Published: February 2018

This research is aimed to comprehend the accounting practice and its benefit in triggering one of the most credible SMEs in Malang City to succeed, SME Garuda Jaya. The analytical tool used in this research is transcendental phenomenology. Based on data analysis, two kinds of accounting practices are: (1) accounting practice of mind and memory; and (2) accounting notation to the arrangement of basic financial statements in the form of balance sheets and Profit/ Loss (L / R). both practical accounting establishes duality practices, a practice that combines two distinct and different things into integral and appropriate things to do an accounting practice. Therefore, first, duality practices seek to make synergistic social and economic value. Second, the practice of duality establishes the integration of "masculine" and "feminist" characters to achieve business success, which not only places the orientation into the material aspects of earning income but also on environmental and social responsibility.
Konsep dan Desain Negara Kesejahteraan (Welfare State)
Authors: Sukmana Oman
Published: February 2018

AbstrakNegara kesejahteraan (welfare state) dianggap sebagai jawaban yang paling tepat atas bentuk keterlibatan negara dalam memajukan kesejahteraan rakyat. Keyakinan ini diperkuat oleh munculnya kenyataan empiris mengenai kegagalan pasar (market failure) dan kegagalan negara (state failure) dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat. Menurut Goodin (1999; dalam Simarmata, 2008: 19) negara kesejahteraan sering diasosiasikan dengan proses distribusi sumber daya yang ada kepada publik, baik secara tunai maupun dalam bentuk tertentu (cash benefits or benefits in kind). Konsep kesejahteraan juga terkait erat dengan kebijakan sosial-ekonomi yang berupaya untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan rakyat secara umum. Beberapa bidang yang paling mendesak untuk diperhatikan dalam kebijakan kesejahteraan adalah masalah pendidikan, kesehatan dan penyediaan lapangan kerja. Secara umum suatu negara bisa digolongkan sebagai negara kesejahteraan jika mempunyai empat pilar utamanya, yaitu: (1) social citizenship; (2) full democracy; (3) modern industrial relation systems; dan (4) rights to education and the expansion of modern mass educations systemsKata kunci : negara kesejahteraan, kegagalan pasar, kegagalan negara AbstractWelfare state is considered as the most appropriate response on the form of state involvement in advancing the welfare of the people. This belief was reinforced by the emergence of empirical facts about the failure of the market (market failure) and the failure of the state (state failure) in improving people's welfare. According to Goodin (1999; in Simarmata, 2008: 19) the welfare state is often associated with the distribution of existing resources to the public, either in cash or in the form of certain (cash benefits or benefits in kind). The concept of well-being are closely linked to socio-economic policy of working to realize the people's welfare in general. Some of the most urgent areas for attention in welfare policy is a matter of education, health and employment. In general, a country can be classified as a welfare state if it has four main pillars, namely: (1) social citizenship; (2) full democracy; (3) modern industrial relations systems; and (4) the rights to education and the expansion of modern mass Educations systems.Keywords : market failure, state failure, welfare state
A questão da salubridade em Natal nas primeiras décadas do Século XX na Ótica dos periódicos A Republica e Diário do Natal
Authors: Siqueira Gabriela Fernandes de
Published: February 2018

A modernização de Natal não incluiu apenas mudanças materiais. Esse processo também implicou em transformações sociais e de percepção. Era preciso modificar os costumes, transformar cheiros e sentidos. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como os periódicos de maior circulação em Natal no início do século XX, o jornal oficial A República e o jornal oposicionista Diário do Natal, representaram a atuação do governo estadual e da municipalidade frente às questões de salubridade pública. Sendo assim, ao longo do texto serão discutidos aspectos da modernização de Natal no que tange a salubridade urbana por meio da atuação da Inspetoria de Higiene e da Intendência de Natal, demonstrando como esse processo foi limitado e conviveu com várias continuidades. Para tanto, serão utilizados como fontes os periódicos citados, mensagens de governadores, leis e decretos municipais e estaduais.
Arquitetura e mobiliário como história na Biblioteca Joanina de Coimbra, Portugal
Authors: Mello Janaina Cardoso de
Published: February 2018

Obra artística e arquitetônica que refletia o poder e o saber na história portuguesa, a Biblioteca Joanina, no setecentos português tonou-se um ambiente importante para o ofício de arquitetos, mestre-de-obras, entalhadores, pintores e douradores. O objetivo desse estudo é compreender a relação entre arte e história na biblioteca, investigando forma e contexto da representação do poder régio ilustrado, descortinando assim linguagens aproximativas e destoantes em suas singularidades.
México e a constituição da política de patrimônio cultural em museus ao longo do século XX
Authors: Pozzer Márcio Rogério Olivato
Published: February 2018

O papel histórico, político e social que as políticas públicas de patrimônio cultural em museus ocuparam no México ao longo do século XX, sobretudo a partir da “revolução mexicana” de 1910, envolveu diversos setores sociais na criação de acervos museológicos e também do Instituto Nacional de Antropologia e História (Inah) e do Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes (Inba), sendo responsável pelo alargamento da concepção de patrimônio cultural, que implicou na inserção de práticas culturais e comunidades que estavam excluídas do patrimônio “oficial”. Tais processos transformaram a política cultural mexicana em um novo paradigma para os países latinoamericanos e inseriu o México e seus museus em um dos principais destinos turísticos do mundo.
Flag fault-tolerant error correction with arbitrary distance codes
Authors: Chamberland Christopher , Beverland Michael E.
Published: February 2018

In this paper we introduce a general fault-tolerant quantum error correction protocol using flag circuits for measuring stabilizers of arbitrary distance codes. In addition to extending flag error correction beyond distance-three codes for the first time, our protocol also applies to a broader class of distance-three codes than was previously known. Flag circuits use extra ancilla qubits to signal when errors resulting fromvfaults in the circuit have weight greater thanv. The flag error correction protocol is applicable to stabilizer codes of arbitrary distance which satisfy a set of conditions and uses fewer qubits than other schemes such as Shor, Steane and Knill error correction. We give examples of infinite code families which satisfy these conditions and analyze the behaviour of distance-three and -five examples numerically. Requiring fewer resources than Shor error correction, flag error correction could potentially be used in low-overhead fault-tolerant error correction protocols using low density parity check quantum codes of large code length.