bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current Advancements in the Molecular Mechanism of Plasma Treatment for Seed Germination and Plant Growth
Authors: Priatama Ryza A. , Pervitasari Aditya N. , Park Seungil , Park Soon Ju , Lee Young Koung
Published: April 2022

Low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma has been used in various fields such as plasma medicine, agriculture, food safety and storage, and food manufacturing. In the field of plasma agriculture, plasma treatment improves seed germination, plant growth, and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, allows pesticide removal, and enhances biomass and yield. Currently, the complex molecular mechanisms of plasma treatment in plasma agriculture are fully unexplored, especially those related to seed germination and plant growth. Therefore, in this review, we have summarized the current progress in the application of the plasma treatment technique in plants, including plasma treatment methods, physical and chemical effects, and the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of low-temperature plasma treatment. Additionally, we have discussed the interactions between plasma and seed germination that occur through seed coat modification, reactive species, seed sterilization, heat, and UV radiation in correlation with molecular phenomena, including transcriptional and epigenetic regulation. This review aims to present the mechanisms underlying the effects of plasma treatment and to discuss the potential applications of plasma as a powerful tool, priming agent, elicitor or inducer, and disinfectant in the future.
Enhanced cGMP Interactor Rap Guanine Exchange Factor 4 (EPAC2) Expression and Activity in Degenerating Photoreceptors: A Neuroprotective Response?
Authors: Rasmussen Michel , Zhou Jiaming , Schwede Frank , Ekström Per
Published: April 2022

The disease retinitis pigmentosa (RP) leads to photoreceptor degeneration by a yet undefined mechanism(s). In several RP mouse models (i.e., rd mice), a high cyclic GMP (cGMP) level within photoreceptors is detected, suggesting that cGMP plays a role in degeneration. The rap guanine exchange factor 4 (EPAC2) is activated by cyclic AMP (cAMP) and is an accepted cGMP-interacting protein. It is unclear whether and how cGMP interacts with EPAC2 in degenerating photoreceptors; we therefore investigated EPAC2 expression and interactions with cGMP and cAMP in retinas of the rd1 and rd10 models for retinal degeneration. EPAC2 expression in the photoreceptor layer increased significantly during rd1 and rd10 degeneration, and an increase in EPAC2 interactions with cGMP but not cAMP in the rd1 was also seen via a proximity ligation assay on histological sections. Retinal explant cultures revealed that pharmacological inhibition of the EPAC2 activity reduced the photoreceptor layer thickness in the rd10 retina, suggesting that EPAC2 inhibition promotes degeneration. Taken together, our results support the hypothesis that high degeneration-related cGMP leads to increased EPAC2 and cGMP interactions, inhibiting EPAC2. By inference, EPAC2 could have neuroprotective capacities that may be exploited in the future.
Molecular Therapies for Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1: From Small Drugs to Gene Editing
Authors: Izzo Mariapaola , Battistini Jonathan , Provenzano Claudia , Martelli Fabio , Cardinali Beatrice , Falcone Germana
Published: April 2022

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most common muscular dystrophy affecting many different body tissues, predominantly skeletal and cardiac muscles and the central nervous system. The expansion of CTG repeats in the DM1 protein-kinase (DMPK) gene is the genetic cause of the disease. The pathogenetic mechanisms are mainly mediated by the production of a toxic expanded CUG transcript from the DMPK gene. With the availability of new knowledge, disease models, and technical tools, much progress has been made in the discovery of altered pathways and in the potential of therapeutic intervention, making the path to the clinic a closer reality. In this review, we describe and discuss the molecular therapeutic strategies for DM1, which are designed to directly target the CTG genomic tract, the expanded CUG transcript or downstream signaling molecules.
Cholic Acid-Based Antimicrobial Peptide Mimics as Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Wu Jie , Yu Tsz Tin , Kuppusamy Rajesh , Hassan Md. Musfizur , Alghalayini Amani , Cranfield Charles G. , Willcox Mark D. P. , Black David StC. , Kumar Naresh
Published: April 2022

There is a significant and urgent need for the development of novel antibacterial agents to tackle the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance. Cholic acid-based small molecular antimicrobial peptide mimics are reported as potential new leads to treat bacterial infection. Here, we describe the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of cholic acid-based small molecular antimicrobial peptide mimics. The synthesis of cholic acid analogues involves the attachment of a hydrophobic moiety at the carboxyl terminal of the cholic acid scaffold, followed by the installation of one to three amino acid residues on the hydroxyl groups present on the cholic acid scaffold. Structure–activity relationship studies suggest that the tryptophan moiety is important for high antibacterial activity. Moreover, a minimum of +2 charge is also important for antimicrobial activity. In particular, analogues containing lysine-like residues showed the highest antibacterial potency against Gram-positive S. aureus. All di-substituted analogues possess high antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive S. aureus as well as Gram-negative E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Analogues 17c and 17d with a combination of these features were found to be the most potent in this study. These compounds were able to depolarise the bacterial membrane, suggesting that they are potential antimicrobial pore forming agents.
Proteases: Role and Function in Cancer
Authors: Kos Janko
Published: April 2022

The Special Issue “Proteases: Role and Function in Cancer” aimed to focus on basic and translational research to highlight the role of peptidases in tumor development and to assess their potential in cancer diagnosis and therapy [...]
Non-Cytokine Protein Profile of the Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome That Regulates the Androgen Production Pathway
Authors: Park Hang-Soo , Chugh Rishi Man , Pergande Melissa R. , Cetin Esra , Siblini Hiba , Esfandyari Sahar , Cologna Stephanie M. , Al-Hendy Ayman
Published: April 2022

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder in reproductive-aged women, and it typically involves elevated androgen levels. Recently, it has been reported that human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) can regulate androgen synthesis pathways. However, the details of the mechanism are still unclear. hBM-MSC-derived secreted factors (the secretome) are promising sources of cell-based therapy as they consist of various types of proteins. It is thus important to know which proteins interact with disease-implicated biomolecules. This work aimed to investigate which secretome components contain the key factor that inhibits testosterone synthesis. In this study, we fractionated hBM-MSC-conditioned media into three fractions based on their molecular weights and found that, of the three fractions, one had the ability to inhibit the androgen-producing genes efficiently. We also analyzed the components of this fraction and established a protein profile of the hBM-MSC secretome, which was shown to inhibit androgen synthesis. Our study describes a set of protein components present in the hBM-MSC secretome that can be used therapeutically to treat PCOS by regulating androgen production for the first time.
Crosstalk between β2- and α2-Adrenergic Receptors in the Regulation of B16F10 Melanoma Cell Proliferation
Authors: Matarrese Paola , Maccari Sonia , Ascione Barbara , Vona Rosa , Vezzi Vanessa , Stati Tonino , Grò Maria Cristina , Marano Giuseppe , Ambrosio Caterina , Molinari Paola
Published: April 2022

Adrenergic receptors (AR) belong to the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily and regulate migration and proliferation in various cell types. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether β-AR stimulation affects the antiproliferative action of α2-AR agonists on B16F10 cells and, if so, to determine the relative contribution of β-AR subtypes. Using pharmacological approaches, evaluation of Ki-67 expression by flow cytometry and luciferase-based cAMP assay, we found that treatment with isoproterenol, a β-AR agonist, increased cAMP levels in B16F10 melanoma cells without affecting cell proliferation. Propranolol inhibited the cAMP response to isoproterenol. In addition, stimulation of α2-ARs with agonists such as clonidine, a well-known antihypertensive drug, decreased cancer cell proliferation. This effect on cell proliferation was suppressed by treatment with isoproterenol. In turn, the suppressive effects of isoproterenol were abolished by the treatment with either ICI 118,551, a β2-AR antagonist, or propranolol, suggesting that isoproterenol effects are mainly mediated by the β2-AR stimulation. We conclude that the crosstalk between the β2-AR and α2-AR signaling pathways regulates the proliferative activity of B16F10 cells and may therefore represent a therapeutic target for melanoma therapy.
Validity and Reliability of an Offline Ultrasound Measurement of Bladder Base Displacement in Women
Authors: Martínez-Bustelo Sandra , Ferri-Morales Asunción , Castillo-García Fernando J. , Madrid Antonio , Jácome M. Amalia
Published: April 2022

The effect of different exercises on the position of pelvic organs in women has not been sufficiently assessed. The objective was to analyze the validity and reliability of a new two-dimensional ultrasound algorithm to measure offline the displacement of the bladder base during abdominal exercises. This algorithm could be a useful method to future studies in determine the most appropriate exercises in sports and in rehabilitative program for the pelvic floor in women. All subjects were tested by transverse transabdominal ultrasound. The measurements were conducted offline using a customized code written in MATLAB (Ecolab) for image-processing, and manually on the ultrasound monitor using electronic calipers. The agreement was assessed with a paired t-test, Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (r), the Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), the intraclass correlation coefficient ICC (A,2) and a Bland–Altman plot. The reliability was confirmed by the interdays intra-rater ICC coefficient. The results were that Ecolab and ultrasound transducer measures did not differ statistically (p = 0.246). Furthermore, both methods showed a very strong relationship, and the Ecolab demonstrated to be a valid and reliable method. We concluded that Ecolab seemed to be a valid and reliable tool to assess the effect of abdominal contractions in the female pelvic floor.
Ultrasound of the Heel Improves Diagnosis—Tender Entheses in the Heel Region Rarely Corresponds to Inflammatory Enthesitis in Patients with Peripheral Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Felbo Sara , Østergaard Mikkel , Sørensen Inge , Terslev Lene
Published: April 2022

Enthesitis is a key pathology in spondyloarthritis (SpA), but diagnosis may be clinically challenging. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ultrasound enthesitis lesions in tender entheses in the heel region in patients with peripheral SpA. In 27 patients with tenderness upon palpation at the Achilles tendon or the plantar fascia insertion, ultrasound assessment of the affected enthesis was performed using greyscale and color Doppler mode. Images were evaluated using the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) scoring system for enthesitis, scoring presence/absence of hypoechogenicity, thickening, calcifications/enthesophytes, and erosions, and color Doppler activity semi quantitatively from 0 to 3. A total enthesitis sum score was calculated. A second examiner scanned 10 patients for inter-reader reliability. Ultrasound signs of inflammatory enthesitis (thickening/hypoechogenicity and/or Doppler activity) were found in 48%, and 19% showed Doppler activity—all in the Achilles enthesis. Inflammatory pathologies other than enthesitis (e.g., tendinitis, arthritis, bursitis) were identified in 26% of tender heels. The ultrasound OMERACT scoring system for enthesitis lesions showed excellent intra- and inter-reader agreement in a clinical setting. In conclusion, less than 50% of clinically tender entheses are related to inflammatory enthesitis when assessed by ultrasound. Ultrasound is useful for diagnosing other pathologies that may explain tenderness in the area.
The efficiency of tools for social interaction between public authorities and civil society
Authors: Tikhonova Olha V. , Holdovskyi Andrii H. , Bratasyuk Oksana B. , Chornohor Natalia S. , Herbut Nadiia A. , Serohina Nataliia K.
Published: April 2022

The aim of the article is to assess the effectiveness of the current tools for interaction between public authorities and civil society in Ukraine. A distinctive feature of this study is the use of the content analysis to study the content of consultations of central government bodies with the public, discussions of draft laws, decrees, resolutions, orders, petitions of citizens, as well as recommendations of expert opinions and proposals of public councils and measures for their implementation. The analysis allowed identifying significant shortcomings in organizing work to establish cooperation between central government bodies and the public. These shortcomings involve the dominance of a purely statistical approach to analyzing the petitions of citizens, neglect of public consultations, disregard for the proposals of public expert committees, and a formal approach to the activities of public councils at the ministries. The decreasing effectiveness of interaction between public authorities and civil society in Ukraine is noted, which is caused by the bureaucratization of this process on the one hand, and by the lack of citizens’ skills to defend their position in the legitimate field of social and political relations, on the other hand.
External quality assurance system of higher legal education in Ukraine
Authors: Annienkova Iryna , Kostova Natalia , Kuznietsova Nelia , Bokshorn Anastasiia
Published: April 2022

The relevance of the topic is due to a significant increase in the importance of law as a social controller of public life. The basis for the development of the legal system in Ukraine is the quality of higher legal education. The aim of the study is to analyze the current state of the external quality system of higher legal education in Ukraine. The following methods of scientific knowledge were used in the article: analysis of legislative and regulatory documents in the field of education, analysis of statistical data, interpretative and analytical method, comparison of different views on the problem under study, induction, deduction, systematization. The dynamic of changes in the results of such procedures of external quality assurance of higher legal education as licensing, accreditation of educational programs, independent external assessment is analyzed. The analysis confirms the persistence of negative trends in the development of the system of higher legal education which results, in particular, in a decrease in the quality of legal training, which was stipulated by a decrease in the volume of lawyers' training on the one hand, and, on the other hand, of an unreasonably large number of the universities that train lawyers, which leads to reducing the requirements for applicants, and, consequently, the quality of legal education. Comparison of the results of these external assessment procedures allows us to state that the highest quality training of lawyers is carried out by the leading state classical universities and higher legal educational institutions. The impact of external quality assurance procedures in higher legal education should be supported by the development of an internal quality assurance system at the universities.
Digitalization of economies of low and middle income countries in the context of digital transformation
Authors: Kulinich Tetiana , Lisnievska Yuliia , Zimbalevska Yuliia , Trubnik Tetiana , Obikhod Svitlana
Published: April 2022

The article aims to quantify the relationship of the introduction of digital technologies on innovation, structural transformation of low- and middle-income economies through the correlation analysis of indicators of technological development (productivity of sectors) and structural transformation of Uzbekistan and Ukraine ( share of value-added and employment of sectors of the economy) for 1991-2019 to assess the relationship between technology and structural shifts through the channels of value-added and employment. It is revealed that Ukraine and Uzbekistan have undergone structural transformations of the economy in favor of the service sector, while the agricultural and industrial sectors produce less and less. If Uzbekistan remains the industrial-agrarian country with an aggregate share of the added value of these sectors 59% in 2019, Ukraine transits to the post-industrial type of economy where the added value of the service sector in GDP grows (55% compared to agrarian and industrial sectors at 42%).
Legal limitations of socio-economic rights: positive and negative experience of Europe
Authors: Mishchenko Alina , Lukianets-Shakhova Valentyna , Fatah Anna Abdel , Sklema Tetiana , Ustinova-Boichenko Hanna
Published: April 2022

The article shows the review of legislative restrictions in European countries which deal with the limitations of the socio-economic rights of the population. The research aims to analyze the limits of human and civil rights and freedoms in modern conditions and directly related relations based on the study and generalization of the doctrinal heritage of legal science, current European legislation, and practice of its application. The article highlights the critical analysis of scientists' opinions on the formation and limitation of socio-economic rights, makes a general assessment of the legislative regulation of this issue. As a result, the features of legislative protection of human rights in European countries, the place of socio-economic rights in the general human rights, and their importance for the socio-economic development of society are shown. Furthermore, the main principles of legislative regulation and practical restrictions are shown: the supreme source of law, indivisibility, and interrelatedness of rights, the doctrine of the supreme public right over the individual one, the principle of formation of rights and restrictions under the national specifics. All this allowed, as a result, to make a comparative analysis of the positive and negative experience of state regulation of socio-economic rights and summarize the conclusion that ensuring social and economic rights of some people can create prerequisites for the formation of socio-economic restrictions for others. In such situations, the state must perform a controlling function, which will ensure a balance between the rights of some parties and the limits of others.
Legal regulation of state support of agribusiness
Authors: Kovalchuk Inna , Melnyk Olesia , Pakhomova Anna , Sokyrynska Oksana , Melnyk Liudmila
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the study of public relations in the agricultural sector as a direct object of state and legal regulation. This is characterized by several features, among which the most significant is the wide range of activities covered by this type of regulation and in itself, the specific legal regulation of the agro-industrial complex as a branch of the economy.

The methodological basis of the article is modern methods of scientific knowledge, which are today used by legal science in conducting research. The authors of the article combined general scientific and special methods for the best achievement of the goal set in the article. All methods were used in combination and complementarity, which provided objectivity of conclusions.

According to the authors, the peculiarity of a modern state and legal regulation of the agricultural sector is that a significant role in the choice of legal instruments should play incentives to ensure sustainable development of agriculture and related industries. Also to increase the profitability of agricultural producers and other agribusiness entities. To provide a sufficient scientific base to increase efficiency and social usefulness of state and legal regulation in the agricultural sector is possible only with a detailed study of each of the components of regulation, among which the most important is the basics of legal regulation.

And, as is known, the food security of the country and the functioning of the domestic food market, and providing the rural population with jobs and social stability in society, depending on the development of the agro-industrial complex.
Using Space Syntax Technique to Enhance Visual Connectivity in Hospitals
Authors: Rauof Tara Azad , Al-Qemaqchi Nahedh Taha
Published: April 2022

The design of healthcare buildings as hospitals is a rather complex architectural task and is being considered as projects of high cost, but indispensable, given their role in preserving human health. The sustainability of services offered by healthcare projects is a paramount necessity for human societies; therefore, in addition to architectural standards applied in a design process, new tools are introduced by the space syntax community in the form of specified programs to provide an advanced method of assessing the effectiveness of any design configuration.

This research aims to evaluate the effect of applying the software of (Depthmap X) on a selected new hospital design to measure the nature of visual communication between the different wards of the most active floor (the ground floor) and the connectivity of various kinetic systems of the ground floor with the main entrances.

The paper identifies the efficiency of the hospital performances in terms of visual connectivity. It also shows that a slight change made in the hospital configuration in the design alternatives could lead to a significant impact on the visual relationship between the hospital domains.
Perceptions of self-medication of the population, during the covid-19 pandemic in Peru
Authors: Inostroza-Ruiz Luis Alberto , Gutiérrez-Elescano Paul Ivan , Bautista-Cruz Nelson , Apesteguia-Infantes Jose Alfonso , Jáuregui-Maldonado José Fidel , Tapia-Manrique Edgar Robert , Alarcón-Yaquetto Dulce E. , Muñoz del Carpio-Toia Agueda
Published: April 2022

Background: Describe characteristics of self-medication of the population, in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic. Material and Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional survey with students in a major public Peruvian university. We measured perception of self-medication of the population, as well as characteristics, consequences, and associated factors. Results: A total of 274 students of Pharmacy and biochemistry filled in the questionnaire, 80.3% of which reported to know someone that self-medicated during the COVID-19 pandemic. 98.9 % of surveyed participants considered that the current pandemic increased self-medication practices in the population and that it occurred more frequently when people have symptoms associated with COVID-19 (65.4%). The medicines most frequently used were ivermectin (79.2%), azithromycin (71.2%) and hydroxychloroquine (38.7%). Conclusion: According to the surveyed participants, self-medication has increased in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Strategies to prevent these practices are needed, as they could delay adequate medical care.
Contaminación microbiológica y factores asociados en la leche materna del banco de leche humana de un Hospital en Perú
Authors: Rosales-Rimache Jaime , Valenzuela-Albújar Jonathan
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Estimar la contaminación microbiológica e identificar sus factores asociados en leche materna dentro del BLH de un Hospital en Perú. El estudio. Diseño transversal, donde se realizó evaluación física, química y microbiológica a muestras de leche materna. Hallazgos. Evaluamos 187 muestras de leche donadas por madres La acidez Dornic y crematocrito promedio fue de 5,2±1,6 y 2,7±0, 9%, y la contaminación microbiológica representó el 3,7% del total de muestras evaluadas, aislándose Acynetobacter iwoffi, Moraxela lacunata, Pseudomona aeruginosa y Staphylococcus coagulasa negativa. Se evidenció que el pH de la leche fue la única variable asociada a contaminación microbiológica (OR: 3.7 IC95: 1.5-8.8). Conclusión. El incremento de pH es un factor asociado a contaminación microbiológica en muestras de leche donadas en el BLH de un Hospital en Perú, por lo que es recomendable reevaluar los criterios de aceptabilidad del rango de pH de la leche materna donada.
Propriedade e sua indisponibilidade: uso e abuso
Authors: Santa Helena Eber Zoehler
Published: April 2022

A presente obra busca analisar a propriedade privada e sua indisponibilização, de instituto condicionante do direito de família e sucessões, converteu-se em significativo instrumento processual coercitivo ou punitivo no direito público, tanto na esfera judicial quanto na extrajudicial, justificante de sua normatização expressa, submetendo-o ao devido processo legal, na proteção ao direito fundamental da propriedade, sob o prisma individual e socioeconômico. Nesse sentido há de se indagar se a indisponibilização de bens afronta o direito fundamental à propriedade? Também inquirir se a legislação infraconstitucional ao criar novas espécies de indisponibilidade de bens contraria o núcleo constitucional do direito de propriedade. Os atributos da propriedade privada, centro irradiador dos direitos pessoais e reais, vêm sendo mitigados nos ordenamentos contemporâneos, em especial sua disponibilidade, sob a justificativa teleológica da supremacia de outros valores como os interesses público ou social. Assim, há de se perquirir acerca das novas conformações de seus institutos em face da incidência e registro das restrições convencionais ou ope legis ao atributo magno da propriedade, sua disponibilidade, seja alienabilidade, comunicabilidade ou gravabilidade. A propriedade como direito fundamental primevo apresenta atributos e limitações, sendo sua evolução histórica marcada por manifestações ideológicas. Dentre as indisponibilidades vigentes no direito privado, em especial família, sucessões e empresarial, e no direito público, processual ou administrativo, destaca-se na esfera processual a apenação por improbidade administrativa bem como medida coercitiva no tributário. Identifica-se relevante uso da indisponibilidade na via extrajudicial fiscal, no controle externo pelos Tribunais de Contas, mas a vedação de seu uso pelo Poder Legislativo, inclusive nas comissões parlamentares de inquérito. Conclui-se com a análise econômica da indisponibilização da propriedade e as reações a seu uso desmedido pelos Poderes Judiciário e Legislativo.
The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Arabica Coffee (Coffea Arabica Linn) on the Number of Adult Pyramidal Pallium Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Neurons exposed to Stress Method UCS (Unpredictable Chronic Stress)
Authors: Marwan Muchamad , Nugraha Zainuri Sabta
Published: April 2022

Chronic stress can have an adverse effect on behavior changes and damage to the pyramidal neurons of the brain. Pyramidal neurons of the brain play an important role in awareness, decision making, cognitive function, spatial memory formation and working memory. The effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) found in arabica coffee can affect the improvement of cognitive function, working memory, and histology of brain pyramidal neurons. The content of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in coffee has active compounds that can maintain the number of brain pyramidal neurons due to stress. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of arabica coffee extract on the average number of brain pyramidal neurons exposed to UCS stress. The research method used was a post-test experimental study with controlled group design. A total of 24 adult zebrafish (3 months old) were divided into 4 groups. Four groups (KN, KP, K25, K50) were acclimatized (1 week) first, for groups K25 and K50 were given arabica coffee extract as much as 25mg / dl and 50 mg / dl for 4 days before inducing unpredictable chronic stress (UCS). The results of the study proved that the extra ethanol group of arabica coffee at a dose of 50 mg / dl could maintain the number of pyramidal neurons in zebrafish treated with modified UCS stress (P <0.05). In conclusion, giving ethanol extract of arabica coffee at a dose of 50 mg / dl has a neuroprotectant effect on zebrafish exposed to UCS stress.
The Influence of Cultural Differences between Chinese and English on Translation
Authors: Chen Hongping , Zhang Yu
Published: April 2022

As a bridge of cultural communication, translation is not only the transformation between different words, but also the collision of different languages in the way of thinking, cultural background and cognitive style. Many scholars have carried out a large number of translations from the perspective of cross linguistic activity. However Nida even claims that “for truly successful translating, biculturalism is even more important than bilingualism”. Therefore, this thesis will focus on analyzing the influence of cultural difference between Chinese and English on translation.
Analysis of the Different Growth Environments for Children of Rural Areas in The Grass House and Anne of Green Gables
Authors: Chen Hongping , Niu Haoshan
Published: April 2022

The Grass House describes Sang Sang’s unforgettable and impressive elementary school life which has lasted six years. This great novel presents readers the growth environments, set in Yau Ma Tei, for children from China’s countryside. Anne of Green Gables depicts the living environments in Canadian rural areas. By entering into the process the Anne’s growth environments, readers can detect Canadian rural children’s special conditions. By analyzing the two books, we can find that there are many differences in the growth environments in Chinese and Canadian rural areas. The differences can be divided into two parts: cultural environments and natural environments. Cultural environments can be divided into three parts: education system, customs, and the sense of value. And natural environments consist of buildings, climate, and rural planning, etc. By comparing the different environments, we can find the best growing environments for children.
Belgian Unforgotten Historical Evils Orchestrated Against the Congolese (BUHEOAC) till the Assassination of Famous Black African Nationalists (AFBAN) 19th-20th Centuries
Authors: Fonju Dr. Njuafac Kenedy
Published: April 2022

A deeper historical study and understanding of Belgian BUHEOAC and AFBAN in the African Continent were manifested through 28 different Diplomatic Agents with distinguished administrative portfolios beginning with Francis de Winton as an Administrator General (A.G) from 22 April 1884 to Hendrik Cornelis as Governor General (G.G.) whose massacred era came to an end on 30th June 1960.Then, On 1st July 1960, the former Congo Free State (CFS) later Belgian Congo (B.C) became an independent country bearing the name the Republic of the Congo (R.C) with the worst and horrible homicide with total conspiracy masterminded by the Western Capitalist World following the assassination of Patrice Lumumba who was qualified as a pro-Communist African Nationalist during the second half of the 20th Century. Those cannibalistic activities occurred with total complicities of the 7 Belgian Monarchical men alongside with 53 Prime Ministers identified in this study. The activities of the Belgian colonial agents are comparable to the aggressive actions of Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini in Africa and elsewhere around the World during the first half of the 20th Century as aggressors and Statesmen who acquired honours from human massacred. Therefore, what are the Belgian Government and Kings thinking of the unforgotten evils of their ancestors against the Congolese? The scrutiny of, diverse sources and documentaries enable us to use a historical analytical approach with statistical tables of the actors involved between 1884 and 1960 as a modest contribution to the 21st Century constant reawaking of reparation requested by the country’s siblings.
Vocational Services as Predictor of Self-Reliance and Personality Development of Learners with Visual Impairment in Akwa Ibom State
Authors: Dr. Nwachukwu Dr. Nwachukwu , Ezechinyere Kingsley , Archibong Archibong , Etim I
Published: April 2022

This study investigated on vocational services as predictor of self-reliance and personality development of learners with visual impairment in AkwaIbom State. Four null hypotheses were postulated to guide the study. Correlational research design was employed for this study. The population of this study consisted of all 98 learners with visual impairment in all the Special Education Centres in AkwaIbom State which undergo inclusive education practice. A sample of 98 visually impaired learners selected purposive sampling technique was used for the study schools. Vocational Services, Self-reliance and Personality Development Questionnaire` (VSSPDQ) were used as the instruments for the study. The instrument validity and reliability was determined. Cronbach’s Alpha statistics was used to determined reliability coefficient which yielded reliability indices of0.76, 0.71, 0.68 and 0.74 respectively. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) was used to test null hypotheses at 0.05 level of probability. The findings revealed a strong positive and significant relationship between vocational service and self-reliance of learners with visual impairment in Akwa Ibom State. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that government should ensure that schools are provided with qualified counsellors, more especially as the findings indicate area of gap in guidance and counselling need of the respondents. This will enable the learners with visual impairment to be equipped with issues relating to life and adjustment.
CULTURE CREATING CAPITAL OF THE POPULATION AS A STRATEGIC RESOURCE FOR GEOCULTURAL BRANDING OF THE CITY
Authors: DIANOV SERGEJ , DIANOVA YULIYA
Published: April 2022

The article presents the author's vision of the goals, content and main forms of cultural and creative activity of the city population. The concept of the city as a "laboratory of culture" was formed in the domestic humanities back in the early 20th century. In parallel with the ideological and theoretical basis in each Russian city, various forms of cultural creative activity of the citizens were formed and have passed a long way of development. Today, the cities have a rich cultural and creative capital, which should be used in the context of the implementation of perspective strategies for socio-economic development and urban branding. The authors believe that urban communities do not need traditional schemes of marketing and branding of places, but new approaches in the promotion of cultural initiatives and useful products. This can be recognized as a geocultural approach, in which the main accents are made on the mechanisms of involvement of wide sections of the urban population in the format of "laboratory" cultural creative work.
ELECTRONIC NOMADS ON THE AIR: MEDIA SPACE AS A COMMUNICATION SPACE
Authors: DARCHINOV EDGAR
Published: April 2022

The object of the research is the media space as a virtual space for communication of electronic/digital nomads (digital nomad). Instagram*, Facebook*, VKontakte, etc., which allow an electronic nomad to communicate, can now be distinguished in the media sphere. Communication is carried out in a virtual environment and has its specific features. In this regard, the purpose of the study is a theoretical understanding of the media space, consideration of its properties.
The bryophytes of Glasgow Botanic Gardens
Authors: Watson K.J.
Published: April 2022

The bryophytes (mosses and liverworts) growing wild in the Glasgow Botanic Gardens, Scotland have not previously been the subject of a detailed survey. As part of the current wildlife surveys of the gardens, recent field visits have attempted to address this shortfall. Records have been made for the general grounds, trees, built infrastructure and the contiguous banks of the River Kelvin, where old woodland and rock exposure occur. During this survey, 70 bryophyte species were found, bringing the total number recorded in the gardens over recent years to 88. Observations from inside the glasshouses indicate that there is potentially high interest in overseas bryophytes brought in with plants. A number of locally rare or uncommon species have been recorded, and of note are two non-native species which appear to be spreading. There remains the potential for more species to be found both about the extensive grounds and inside the glasshouses.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BEE HONEY AND ITS PEPTIDE FRACTIONS
Authors: Klychenkov S. V. , Kruchinina A. D. , Bichurina L. A.
Published: April 2022

Recently, the problem of bacteriological resistance has become more and more urgent. The antibiotics used in medical practice are constantly becoming obsolete due to the acquisition of resistance by pathogenic microorganisms, therefore there is an ever-increasing need to search for new antimicrobial drugs of various nature. A promising line of research in this area is the study of the antibacterial activity of protein molecules. Over the past two decades, a lot of data has accumulated showing the wide distribution of antimicrobial peptides among almost all living organisms.
This article studied the antibacterial activity of peptide fractions weighing less than 5 kDa obtained from honey of two varieties — buckwheat and mixed origin, as well as the similar activity of various solutions of the same honey samples. The following methods were sequentially applied for isolation and purification of peptide fractions: ultrafiltration — to obtain a solution containing molecules with a mass of less than 5 kDa; ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose for purification of the peptide fraction from low molecular weight impurities (carbohydrates, pigments, phenols, etc.) and gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 to desalt the obtained peptide fraction from the buffer solution. Determination of antibacterial activity was carried out using the disk diffusion method with antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enteritis obtained from patients with various bacterial infections in chronic and acute forms. In the studied samples, the concentration of peptides, carbohydrates in ketosis and hydrogen peroxide was measured.
The results obtained indicate that among the studied solutions of honey, buckwheat has the highest antibacterial activity, which is associated with an increased content of hydrogen peroxide. The study of the antagonistic activity of peptide fractions against test cultures showed that low molecular weight peptides obtained from the studied honey samples do not have an antibacterial effect against the used strains of microorganisms. Apparently, this is due to the absence of low molecular weight antimicrobial peptides in the obtained fractions. Probably, antimicrobial peptides weighing less than 5 kDa are completely absent in bee honey.
FREQUENCY-AMPLITUDE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TOTAL BIOPOTENTIALS OF THE CA3 ZONE OF THE HIPPOCAMPUS UNDER THE ACTION OF COBALT AND NICKEL SALICYLATE
Authors: Khusainov D. R. , Chuyan E. N. , Korenyuk I. I. , Ablyakimova V. L.
Published: April 2022

The neurotropic effects of cobalt and nickel salicylate were studied during perfusion of rat hippocampal sections with solutions of these salts at concentrations of 10-2 M,
10-3 M, 10-4 M and 10-6 M. The results of this study convincingly demonstrate that the formation of complex salts of acetylsalicylic acid with divalent metals cobalt and nickel leads to changes in neurotropic effects with varying degrees of severity. In the case of nickel salicylate, there is a decrease in the severity of the depressing neurotropic effect compared with acetylsalicylic and salicylic acids [16]. And in the case of cobalt salicylate at a concentration of 10-4 M, an activation effect is manifested. We believe that this is due to the influence of the whole complexon, since a high degree of stability is shown for cobalt salicylate, especially in an aqueous solution [10]. And this salt should remain fairly stable. In this regard, it is natural to assume that cobalt salicylate is capable of triggering other processes compared to acids and, perhaps, the mechanism of its action is less strongly associated with the COX system. The observed activation effect may be associated with a direct stimulating effect on the nerve cell and/or the result of synchronization of excitation in neural networks. It should be noted that the neurotropic effects of cobalt salicylate revealed in this work coincide in their orientation with the effect of this salt on the functioning of neurons of the subcaryngeal ganglia complex of the grape snail [10]. This indicates the uniformity of the mechanisms of influence of this salt on the nervous tissue of invertebrates and vertebrates.
For nickel salicylate, only a weakening of the inhibitory effect is shown in comparison with the precursor acids, perhaps the stability constant of this salt is not high and its noticeable dissociation occurs. As a result, the released residues of acetylsalicylic acid will block COX, which will trigger a mechanism of neurotropic influence close to the effects of salt solutions, the effects of which were described earlier [16]. The contribution of nickel ions will be insignificant, because its mass fraction in the salt molecule is small. From the position of ionic mechanisms, we believe that the inhibition of the generation of total biopotentials by the studied salts is most likely associated with the suppression of the incoming sodium current. And the stimulating effect of cobalt salicylate in a concentration of 10-4 M, on the contrary, with its stimulation (relief). Also, the described effects can be realized as a result of modulation of synaptic interaction in neural networks. Elucidation of these biophysical mechanisms is a priority task of our further research. And also, the most important question remains open about the possible change in the effects of these salts with different injections of substances into the body: oral, intramuscular, intravenous, etc.
INFLUENCE OF LOW-INTENSITY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF THE MILLIMETER RANGE ON THE PIGMENTAL COMPOSITION AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. UNDER CHLORIDE SALINATION
Authors: Chmeleva S. I. , Dzheldubaeva E. R. , Tumanyants K. N.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation (EMP) of the millimeter (mm) range (wavelength – 7.1 mm, radiation frequency – 42.3 GHz, radiation power flux density – 0.1 mW / cm2, exposure 30 minutes, once) on the pigment composition and photosynthetic activity of juvenile plants of Triticum aestivum L., cultivar Selyanka, under osmotic stress caused by chloride salinity.
To measure the intensity of photosynthesis, we used the assimilation flask method according to L. A. Ivanov and N. L. Kossovich, a colorimetric method was used to determine the amount of chlorophyll in wheat plants. Statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out using the Kruskell-Walliss test of reliability. All measurements and studies were carried out on equipment that passed metrological verification and expertise.
The results of the study indicate that under the influence of low-intensity EMR of the MM range, the indicators of the amount of chlorophylls increase by 51.8 % compared to plants under osmotic stress; and compared with the control, the accumulation of chlorophyll increases by 23.2 %. In addition, the effect of this physical factor has a stimulating effect on the accumulation of chlorophyll and its content was 30.9 %, which is 46.6 % more than in the control variant.
The stimulating effect of EMR is also observed at a concentration of 150 mM sodium chloride. With the use of EHF-radiation, the content of chlorophyll was 28.2 % of the mass of raw leaves, by 43.3 % compared to the experimental versions without the use of EHF-radiation.
The intensity of photosynthesis under the influence of EHF-radiation increases in relation to the control by 14.0 %.
Thus, a positive effect of low-intensity EMM of the mm range on the pigment composition and photosynthetic activity of Triticum aestivum L. both under optimal conditions and under conditions of osmotic stress has been established. The results obtained on the quantitative content of chlorophylls showed that their content increased both under normal conditions and under osmotic stress by an average of 20 %. An increase in the intensity of photosynthesis in experimental plants was established by 30.0 % in comparison with control plants under osmotic stress.
CORRELATION RELATIONSHIPS PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPONENTS OF THE ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS LIVING IN INSTITUTIONS OF SOCIAL TYPE
Authors: Gorbaneva M. V. , Kolmacova T. S. , Baier E. А. , Grigoryan N. А.
Published: April 2022

In the modern reality children and adolescents who find themselves in difficult life situations face many stress factors, which cause significant tension and rapid exhaustion of their adaptive reserves. The aim of this research is to study the level of formation of biomedical and psychological components of adaptive capacity of orphans and the correlations between these parameters.
The following tasks were set:
Analyze the structure of the incidence of children and adolescents living in social type institutions.
Estimate the level of physiological and psychological adaptive potential of this kind of children.
Determine the relationship between the physiological and psychological components of the adaptive potential.
The research involved in total 30 children staying in social institutions in the city Azov, the Azov district of the Rostov region at the age of 9–13 years old – 14 person and at the age of 14–17 years old – 16 person.
During this research, we came to the following conclusions:
1. For modern children and adolescents staying in institutions of a social type, a high level of general morbidity and a tendency to chronization of somatic diseases are characteristic;
2. A low-level of functional reserves of organisms of pupils staying in institutions of a social type is formed due to the high excitability of nervous processes, supported by sympathetic activation;
— Children’s reactions are characterized by redundancy of vegetative response in reply to various incentives (psychoemotional or physical) and, as a rule, inadequacy of vegetative support of physical or mental activity;
3. Most of children and adolescents under study showed cognitive distortions with the formation of either a victim position or aggressive self-assertion, which in both cases leads to a decrease in adaptive potential;
4. A weak nervous system predisposes to the consolidation of such personal qualities as emotional vulnerability and sensitivity, while a strong nervous system contributes to the formation of an overly active struggle for self-affirmation in orphans;
5. Revealed correlations between the basic convictions of children and such components of the adaptive personal potential as neuropsychic stability, communicative potential and moral normativity.
In connection with the above outlined, it is planned to create an algorithm for express diagnostics of maladjustment degree of children and adolescents and the selection of a complex for their medical, psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation.