bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Calculator for Early Mortality in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: An Analysis of Patients From 28 Clinical Trials in the Aide et Recherche en Cancérologie Digestive Database
Authors: Renfro Lindsay A. , Goldberg Richard M. , Grothey Axel , Sobrero Alberto , Adams Richard , Seymour Matthew T. , Heinemann Volker , Schmoll Hans-Joachim , Douillard Jean-Yves , Hurwitz Herbert , Fuchs Charles S. , Diaz-Rubio Eduardo , Porschen Rainer , Tournigand Christophe , Chibaudel Benoist , Hoff Paulo M. , Kabbinavar Fairooz F. , Falcone Alfredo , Tebbutt Niall C. , Punt Cornelis J.A. , Hecht J. Randolph , Souglakos John , Bokemeyer Carsten , Van Cutsem Eric , Saltz Leonard , de Gramont Aimery , Sargent Daniel J. ,   on behalf of the ARCAD Clinical Trials Program
Published: April 2017

Purpose

Factors contributing to early mortality after initiation of treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer are poorly understood.

Materials and Methods

Data from 22,654 patients enrolled in 28 randomized phase III trials contained in the ARCAD (Aide et Recherche en Cancérologie Digestive) database were pooled. Multivariable logistic regression models for 30-, 60-, and 90-day mortality were constructed, including clinically and statistically significant patient and disease factors and interaction terms. A calculator (nomogram) for 90-day mortality was developed and validated internally using bootstrapping methods and externally using a 10% random holdout sample from each trial. The impact of early progression on the likelihood of survival to 90 days was examined with time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

Mortality rates were 1.4% at 30 days, 3.4% at 60 days, and 5.5% at 90 days. Among baseline factors, advanced age, lower body mass index, poorer performance status, increased number of metastatic sites, BRAF mutant status, and several laboratory parameters were associated with increased likelihood of early mortality. A multivariable model for 90-day mortality showed strong internal discrimination (C-index, 0.77) and good calibration across risk groups as well as accurate predictions in the external validation set, both overall and within patient subgroups.

Conclusion

A validated clinical nomogram has been developed to quantify the risk of early death for individual patients during initial treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. This tool may be used for patient eligibility assessment or risk stratification in future clinical trials and to identify patients requiring more or less aggressive therapy and additional supportive measures during and after treatment.
FIGARO'S CHILDREN
Authors: Gossman Lionel
Published: April 2017

The topic of this guest column is Beaumarchais's endeavor, as a dramatist, to overcome the irreconcilable polarities of high and low, spirit and body, noble and base, tragedy and comedy that are essential to French classical theater by adapting traditional comedy to the less rigid, more pragmatic and optimistic outlook of the Enlightenment and a new middle class and by experimenting with “bourgeois drama,” notably in the third play of the Figaro trilogy. The bourgeois drama—and the trilogy itself, as it moves the same cast of characters from The Barber of Seville through The Marriage of Figaro to The Guilty Mother—is seen as an attempt to bypass not only the conventional opposition of comedy and tragedy but also the even more fundamental polarity of epic and dramatic through the infusion of elements of the new bourgeois novel into works for the theater. Roles and situations in Beaumarchais are not fixed and eternal but evolve in historical time. Figaro himself emerges as a characteristically modern figure, neither noble nor base but mixed, many-sided, energetic, and enterprising, an individual rather than a type, and thus a more realistic representative of Enlightenment and post-Enlightenment humanity than the Scapinos and Frontinos of traditional comedy.
ENGLISH EMERGENCIES AND RUSSIAN RESCUES, c. 1875 – 2000
Authors: Halevy Noa
Published: April 2017

This article is the first installment of a three-part contribution to the Common Knowledge symposium on xenophilia. The series of three examines the ways in which Anglo-American writers, from the mid-nineteenth until the late twentieth century, turned to Russian literature and literary theory to escape the otherwise inevitable influence of French avant-garde literary movements. These writers—Henry James in part 1, Donald Davie in part 2, and the “American Bakhtinian” critics in part 3—found in Russian examples a responsible yet radical and morally oriented alternative to what they considered the extravagant, haughty, and corrupt aestheticism of French literary culture. Thus, these essays concern the interplay of xenophilia with xenophobia. Part 1 treats James's turn, commencing around 1875, to the example of Ivan Turgenev as a way of getting beyond the example of Flaubert and the other “grandsons of Balzac” with whom he was then keeping company in Paris. Turgenev and Flaubert were both Realists, but the Russian writer, in contrast to the French, cared not only for verbal beauty but also for what James called “moral glamour” in the art of fiction.
WHEN METAPHYSICAL WORDS BLOSSOM
Authors: Sztutman Renato
Published: April 2017

This article is a belated contribution to a Common Knowledge symposium on the “unanticipated conceptual practice” of “anthropological philosophy.” The basic argument is that the groundwork for this emerging approach, associated foremost with Eduardo Viveiros de Castro's book Métaphysiques cannibales of 2009, was laid in the 1970s by the controversial French anthropologists Pierre and Hélène Clastres. It is argued that the Clastres took the intellectual practices of Guarani shamans and prophets as analogous to the those of ancient Greek philosophers but also as sharply critical of the principles (in particular, the principle of non-contradiction) that underlay early Western metaphysics.
(Il)legibility and Handwriting in Meiji Letters: A Media History
Authors: Long Hoyt J.
Published: April 2017

This article explores the intermedial as a conceptual framework for Asia media critique and history. Although not a new concept in media studies, it proves useful for troubling the divide often imposed on old and new media forms—including technologies of communication—and for theorizing their movement in and across sociocultural contexts. The article both proposes and carries out an intermedial critique of handwriting in early twentieth-century Japan, setting it in the context of changing ideas and practices of written communication. Using model-letter guides and handwriting manuals, as well as examples from epistolary fictions, the author constructs a graphological discourse of the period, arguing for the need to think through the newness of “old” media to understand the complex ways they are (re)enfolded, both technically and conceptually, into evolving local mediascapes.
Synthesis of Highly Crystallized Poly(1,4-phenylene sulfide) via Oxygen-Oxidative Polymerization of Diphenyl Disulfide
Authors: Aida Fuyuki , Takasu Naoto , Takatori Yohei , Nishide Hiroyuki , Oyaizu Kenichi
Published: April 2017

In the presence of diphenyl sulfide, oxygen-oxidative polymerization of diphenyl disulfide gave highly crystalized poly(1,4-phenylene sulfide) (PPS) using a vanadyl-strong acid catalytic system. Effect of the sulfide, which was inactive to the vanadyl catalyst, was ascribed to the enhancement of the electrophilic substitution with a sulfonium cation onto a thiophenyl end. The finally purified PPS showed high crystallinity (Xc = 44%), which was even higher than that of the reagent grade PPS produced by the conventional polycondensation process.
CATAMNESIS OF CHILDREN FROM MOTHERS WHO HAD A(H1N1)PDM09 INFLUENZA DURING PREGNANCY
Authors: ��������  , Bazarova Aryuna , ��������  , Bolotova Yanzhima , �����������  , Dorzhizhapova Ayagma , ��������  , Gomboeva Medegma , ����������  , Grigoreva Olga , ����������  , Gerasimova Anna , �������  , Papkina Tatyana , �������������  , Belokrinitskaya Tatyana , ��������  , Tarbaeva Dolgorma , �����������  , Zhamsaranova Ayagma
Published: April 2017

The aim of this study was to assess 5-years catamnesis of children from mothers who had A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza during pregnancy. The design of the research: cohort cross-sectional retrospective �case � control� study. The study group included 227 children of mothers who had A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza during pregnancy, and the control group was consisted of 227 children whose mothers didn�t have A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza in epidemic period during pregnancy. It was shown that 11,9 % of children born to mothers with influenza infection during pregnancy vs 1,8 % of children of the control group to 5-year age formed a cohort of patients with recurrent respiratory tract infections (p < 0,001). Acute respiratory infections were complicated by pneumonia in 15,4 % of study group children vs 8,8 % of children in the comparison group (p = 0,044). We founded a significant association between maternity A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza during 1st and 2nd trimesters of gestation and increased frequency of asthma in their children.
OUR EXPERIENCE OF MONITORING OF DRUGS SAFETY IN GERONTOLOGICAL PRACTICE
Authors: �������  , Kochkina Elena , ������  , Verlan Nadezhda , �������  , Popadyuk Anna
Published: April 2017

The analysis of work on identification and registration of complications of medicinal therapy in medical institutions of the Irkutsk region showed that the frequency of undesirable medicinal reactions at inpatients is more senior than 60 years makes from 10 % to 25 %.

At advanced age the special place is taken by dysfunction of a digestive tract and allergic reactions at purpose of cardiovascular medicines, and also antibacterial and the antiglaucomous medicines. The number of cases of absence of therapeutic effect of PM in this age group made 18,9 %, reactions from the digestive tract � 15,5 % of cases, thus in 6,5 % pseudomembranous colitis was registered. It is established that risk factors of emergency of such reaction were the background pain or depressive syndrome, accompanying application of more than three drugs and absence of the scheme of a titration of dosages.
ZYMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF LIPOLYTICAL ENZYMES OF SUBCELLULAR VIBRIO CHOLERAE FRACTIONS OF O1 AND O139 SEROGROUPS
Authors: ������  , Markov Evgeniy , ��������  , Nikolaev Valeriy , ������  , Kozlov Stanislav , ���������  , Urbanovich Lyudmila , ��������  , Mitkeeva Svetlana
Published: April 2017

Zymographic analysis showed that all subcellular fractions of the serogroups possessed different degree of lipolytical activity. Maximal hydrolysis in the radial enzyme-diffusion reaction in agarose gel was observed in Tween-20, Tween-80, Triton �-305 and Triton �- 405. Total hydrolase activity of urea extracts in Tween-20, Tween-80, Triton �- 405, Span-85 excelled those in the preparations of outer membranes. Maximal lipolytical activity in regard to the Tweens was shown by the preparations of urea extracts prepared from the nontoxigenic strains of O1 serogroups, while in relation to the Tritons � preparations of urea extracts from the toxigenic strains (p < 0,05).
PERITUMORAL EDEMA AT BRAIN MENINGIOMAS
Authors: Борисов  , Borisov Eduard , Сороковиков  , Sorokovikov Vladimir , Бывальцев  , Byvaltsev Vadim , Степанов  , Stepanov Ivan
Published: April 2017

Among edema-producing neoplasms of central neural system, the meningiomas are unique. Meningiomas are histologically

benign, slow growing and originate extracerebrally. The development of accompanying peritumoral brain edema

(PВE) occurs in 40–60 % of meningiomas and often with a high degree of PВE with no obvious relation to the size and

histologic features of the meningioma. The aim of our study was to determine the correlation between such parameters

as gender, age of the patient, localization of the tumor tissue and the presence/severity of PBE. At meningiomas PBE

was present in 70,1 % of patients. Meningioma with the presence of PBE occur more often than tumors without PBE.

Olfactory groove tumors have more pronounced degree of PBE, unlike meningiomas of parasagittal localization and

the region of the wings of the sphenoid bone. Mixed meningiomas had a greater degree of PBE unlike meningotheliomatozic

and fibroblastic variants.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RABBIT’S FOREARM BONES GRAFT AT THE STIMULATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE POINTS
Authors: Нетесин  , Netesin Evgeniy , Пусева  , Puseva Marina , Лебединский  , Lebedinskiy Vladislav , Михайлов  , Mikhaylov Ivan
Published: April 2017

The article presents the study of features of formation and remodeling of distraction graft of rabbits’ forearm bones at the passage of transosseous elements through acupuncture points. The aim of the work was to develop and perform quantitative estimation of regenerative process at the healing of forearm bone fractures using morphometric researches. We studied morphofunctional changes of graft on different stages of ossification using morphoscopy and morphometry and compared their quantitative characteristics with the ones in intact bone. Used index systems of estimation of regeneration processes at the healing of forearm bone fractures allow to reveal larger degree of statistical significance of obtained results not only in comparison with intact bone but also in over the time of experiment. Using quantitative variables and index estimation of regenerative processes at the healing of forearm bone fractures allow not only to objectify character of their changes but also to predict variability of its value.
URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS: EPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, RISK FACTORS, DIAGNOSIS (REVIEW)
Authors: Плеханов  , Plekhanov Aleksandr , Дамбаев  , Dambaev Arsalan
Published: April 2017

Urinary tract infections are one of the most common inflammatory disorders of urinary tract that occurs in 40 % of all cases of nosocomial infections. This pathology more often occurs in women, 50 % of them have urinary tract infection at least once in a lifetime. Urinary tract infections are chronic, pluricausal and frequently recurrent diseases. During many decades E. coli was considered to be main pathogenetic flora plated from urine at the urinary tract. Statistically Proteus mirabilis is ranked number two in the degree of incidence. At the moment the researches pay closer attention to Candida pathogens. Urinary tract infections appear in consequence of ingress of microorganisms in urinoexcretory system by ascending, hematogenic and lymphogenic ways. Culture-based, microbiologic study of urine with pathogen isolation and estimation of the bacteriuria degree is the gold standard of diagnostics of urinary tract infections.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RATIONALE FOR THE RESULTS OF ATHEROGENIC DYSLIPIDEMIA SIMULATION IN RATS
Authors: Банзаракшеев  , Banzaraksheev Vitaliy
Published: April 2017

The article presents the pathophysiological assessment of the results of atherogenic dyslipidemia simulation in Wistar
rats. Dyslipidemia was followed by 24 % increase of triglyceride and 19 % raise of total cholesterol in blood, while the
atherogenic cholesterol of low density lipoproteins increased by 39 %, and the content of anti-atherogenic cholesterol
of high density lipoproteins decreased by 21 %. Furthermore, the level of modified low density lipoproteins in the
blood increased by 1.8 times. On the background of lipid storage disorder the rats of the experimental group showed
the signs of endothelial dysfunction: circulating endothelial cell number increased by 1.9 times, proinflammatory
cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) increased by 21,
18 and 16 % respectively, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration – by 2.2 times, and fibrinogen
concentration – by 17 %.
ENERGY-PROTECTIVE FUNCTION OF PLANT COMPOSITION IN THE EXPERIMENTAL DYSLIPOPROTEIDEMIA
Authors: Лемза  , Lemza Sergey , Торопова  , Toropova Anyuta , Верлан  , Verlan Nadezhda , Николаев  , Nikolaev Sergey , Разуваева  , Razuvaeva Yanina , Ерентуева  , Erentueva Anna
Published: April 2017

The influence of the plant composition on the functional state of rat hepatic mitochondria and biochemical indices of
energy metabolism was studied. Experiments were carried out on 42 white Wistar rats. The application of the plant
composition increases contingency between oxidation and phosphorylation, as well as coefficients of respiratory
stimulation and respiratory control by 17 % (р < 0.05) and 15 % (р < 0.05) respectively as compared to the control
group. The tested herbal medicine increases the ATP content by 29 % (р < 0.05) and improves the activity of pyruvate
kinase and H+-ATPase by 1.9 and 1.2 times respectively which indicates a partial restoration of energy metabolism in
hepatocytes. The results of the research allow us to recommend the plant composition for its further study as a potential
prospective hypolipidemic remedy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF RADIATION-EXPOSED TUBERCULOSIS WHEN URANIUM PRODUCTION
Authors: Морева  , Moreva Anastasiya , Савилов  , Savilov Evgeniy
Published: April 2017

Present study was performed in Krasnokamensk city. We conducted retrospective study of 34 incident cases of tuberculosis (TB) among employees of the Priargunsky Industrial Mining and Chemical Union exposed to radiation (uranium production and processing). The comparison group included 47 TB patients, permanent residents of Krasnokamensk. The study found out that long-term dynamics of TB morbidity in the main group exceeded the one of the comparison group. Among the employees, most cases were registered in the 20–35 age group (47.0 %), and among the Krasnokamensk residents – in the 35–50 age group (51.0 %). In the main group, the most common cases were gross and extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis (53.0 % and 14.7 % respectively). In the comparison group, minor TB forms dominated (59.5 %) and only one case of extrapulmonary tuberculosis was registered (p < 0.05). The effectiveness of the treatment in compared groups did not differ.
RESISTANCE OF THE MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM SURGICAL HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENT TO DISINFECTANTS
Authors: Анганова  , Anganova Elena , Крюкова  , Kryukova Natalya
Published: April 2017

The article presents the results of the study of resistance of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
and Aspergillus fungi to disinfectants. The microorganisms were isolated from the surgical ward environment of
Central District Hospital of Neryungri. All strains were sensitive to Lysoformin 3000. Most of the microorganisms were
sensitive to Ecocide and Septodor (85,7 % and 71,4 % respectively). Only E. coli was resistant to these disinfectants.
The microorganisms showed the highest resistance to Javelion. S. aureus and E. coli were resistant to Javelion. The most
effective disinfectants against Aspergillus were 1% solution of Septabic, 0,2% solution of Vegasept, 0,4% solution of
Septodor, 0,5% solution of Lysoformin 3000. The other disinfectants (Chlor-sept, Hypocloride and Alfadez forte) had
lower fungicidal activity against Aspergillus.
BIOMOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS OF YERSINIA PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS AND YERSINIA ENTEROCOLITICA ISOLATED IN SIBERIA AND IN THE FAR EAST
Authors: Климов  , Klimov Valeriy , Каримова  , Karimova Tatyana , Чеснокова  , Chesnokova Margarita
Published: April 2017

A special feature of Y. pseudotuberculosis strains is its biochemical uniformity irrespective of the time and location of the causative agent isolation and the existence of 21 serological variants. Y. enterocolitica is a quite a heterogeneous species and is classified into 6 biochemical types associated with 29 serological variants. 221 Y. pseudotuberculosis and 447 Y. enterocolitica strains in total isolated in Siberia and in the Far East were characterized. Y. pseudotuberculosis genotype dominating in the Siberian and Far Eastern regions is presented by О:1b serotype of the first genogroup (pYV+, ympA+, HPI-) in two- (47:82 МDа) or single-plasmid (47 МDа) variants. Ribotyping and fingerprinting revealed 8 and 10 Y. pseudotuberculosis genotypes, respectively, that indicated relative heterogeneity of the circulated strains. Regional difference of ribotypes and fingerprints was noted. 401 of 447 Y. enterocolitica strains were classified as biotype A1 including 11 serotypes (O:4,32; O:4,44; O:5; O:6,30; O:6,31; O;7,8; O:12,25; O:13,7; O:19,8; O:41,43) and 46 strains belonged to biotypes 2–4 of O:3 and O:9 serotypes. Y. enterocolitica strains of biotypes 1A were isolated both from the environments, animals and patient samples as like the representatives of biotypes 2–4. The differentiating tests of fucose and sorbose made it possible to identify two species new for the Russian Federation – Y. mollaretii and Y. bercovierii. Y. enterocolitica biotypes 2–4 carried pYV plasmid and chromosomal ail, ystA virulence genes. These strains were referred to phagotypes Х3 (2/O:9) and VIII (4/O:3) and also to phagotype Xz (3/O:3), unique for Russia. Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A containing ystB thermostable toxin gene was confirmed to be an infectious etiological agent.
PHARMACOLOGICAL METHODS OF THERAPY IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Быков  , Bykov Yuriy , Бендер  , Bender Tatyana
Published: April 2017

The review concerns modern pharmacological methods of Parkinson’s disease treatment. The basic drugs used in practice are levodopa, dopamine receptor agonists, MAO-B inhibitors, anticholinergics, СOMT inhibitors, and amantadine drugs. The article considers main features, assessment methods and targets of the differentiated therapy, presents benefits and drawbacks of each drug, and describes the problem of generics. According to the study, there is a preferences to use long-acting drugs. The choice of a drug for Parkinson’s disease treatment depends on such characteristics as the patient’s age, the character of Parkinson’s disease, the severity of movement disorder, concomitant diseases, the drug price, the patient’s individual sensitivity to different drugs. Finally, the article presents recommendations on initial treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
MICROBIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF PYOINFLAMMATORY ABDOMINAL DISEASES
Authors: Аюшинова  , Ayushinova Natalya , Владимирова  , Vladimirova Lyudmila , Ветохина  , Vetokhina Antonina , Шурыгин  , Shurygin Mikhail , Шурыгина  , Shurygina Irina , Фадеева  , Fadeeva Tatyana , Панасюк  , Panasyuk Aleksandr
Published: April 2017

The aim of the work was to establish the significance of complex bacteriological research in the diagnostics of acute appendicitis and to determine an optimal material for the research based on the findings. We examined 19patients with acute phlegmonous or acute gangrenous appendicitis (males, aged 18–60years). We performed bacteriological research of abdominal exudate (n=19) and biopsy specimen (n=19) of appendix wall taken before opening the lumen of the intestine. Both abdominal exudate and appendix wall specimen were taken at the same time. Aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms were detected and identified, antimicrobial susceptibility was tested. In total, we detected 25 strains of aerobic and 13 strains of anaerobic microorganisms. It has been established that a bioptate was most informative for testing (68.4 %); the parallel study of an abdominal exudate gave positive results in 21.1 % of cases. In the structure of clinically significant microflora dominated E.coli (43.3%), then went nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria (13.3%) and Bacteroidesspp. (16.7%). We marked growing resistance of detected strains of gram-negative bacteria to some antibiotics. For instance, 62 % of detected E.c oli strains were resistant to ampicillin, 25 % – to ciprofloxacin. 92 % of strains were resistant to cefepime, 93 % – to ceftriaxone, 77 % – to Amoxiclav, 67 % – to gentamicin, 90 % – to tobramycin. From one bioptate a strain of E. coli ESBL was separated. The study of intraoperative bioptate of appendix wall increases effectiveness of microbiological diagnostics in com-parison with the abdominal exudate research.
INFLUENCE OF DISTURBED CONDITIONS OF REPARATIVE REGENERATION OF BONE TISSUE ON THE DYNAMICS OF THYROID HORMONES
Authors: Курганский  , Kurganskiy Ilya , Родионова  , Rodionova Lyubov , Зарицкая  , Zaritskaya Larisa , Цяо  , Tsyao Guanda , Тишков  , Tishkov Nikolay , Лепехова  , Lepekhova Svetlana , Гольдберг  , Goldberg Oleg , Пивоваров  , Pivovarov Yuriy
Published: April 2017

Managing bone tissue regeneration is a key problem in traumatology and orthopedics. The researches proved that thyroid hormones affect hemostasis and reparative regeneration of bone tissue favorably and promote osteogenesis and bone consolidation.The aim of this research is to study the influence of disturbed reparative regeneration on the concentration of thyroid hormones in blood in the dynamics. Experimental research on rabbits (n=12) with modelling of disturbed reparative regeneration revealed disorder in thyroid hormones synthesis and different directions of T3 and unbound T3 production on the 35th day when the maxi-mum decrease of T3 (2times) and unbound T3 (1.5times) compared to normal values was registered. The analysis of production of T4 and unbound T4 revealed suppression of the values from the 1st to 50th day and gradual increase in unbound T4 from the 50th day. The most significant manifestation of thyroid gland reaction on the disturbed reparative regeneration of shin bones was the decrease in T3 and peripheral conversion of thyroid hormones up to 50th day with formation of false joint in these terms.
INNOVATIONS FOR DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF INJURIES AND DISORDERS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM IN IRKUTSK SCIENTIFIC CENTER OF SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY (TO THE 70TH ANNIVERSARY OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TRAUMATOLOGY AND ORTHOPEDICS)
Authors: Арсентьева  , Arsenteva Nataliya , Черникова  , Chernikova Olga , Сороковиков  , Sorokovikov Vladimir , Шурыгина  , Shurygina Irina
Published: April 2017

The article summarizes experience and achievements of Irkutsk Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (now – Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology) over a 70-year period. The development of new methods of diagnostics and treatment and organization of health care for patients with traumatological and orthopedic pathology are highly influenced by the Institute. The team of Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Trau-matology developed a new promising direction of combined tension-band osteosynthesis, substantiated organ-sparing endoprosthesis replacement, created new technologies of treatment of chronic osteomyelitis, developed concept of treat-ment of spinal trauma and spinal cord injuries, determined regularities of cross-system organization of physiological functions at the musculoskeletal system pathology, created original technologies and instruments for the treatment of musculoskeletal system traumas and disorders.Innovations created in ISCST include 330 patents. Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology was awarded Governor’s Award in Science and Technics for the development and introduction in clinical medicine of new diagnostic and treatment methods and of candidate medicines in 2012 and 2013.
CIRCULAR RESECTION OF THE TRACHEA FOR CICATRICIAL STENOSIS
Authors: Махутов  , Makhutov Valeriy , Скворцов  , Skvortsov Moisey , Иноземцев  , Inozemtsev Evgeniy , Лепехова  , Lepekhova Svetlana , Григорьев  , Grigoryev Evgeniy
Published: April 2017

The primary interventions for trachea in the thoracic surgery units are performed for the treatment of cicatricial ste-nosis of the trachea. Circular resection of the trachea is one of the treatment procedures in this pathology. The benefit of this method as compared to the others is that the resection with tracheo-tracheal anastomosis allows a one-stage recovery of patient with this pathology.The first successful resection of the trachea was performed in the late 19th century, and since then this surgery tech-nique is constantly being improved. Several methods of suture placing in anastomosis surgery are proposed, different suture materials are used, special devices are developed to facilitate the anastomosis performing. There are several tactics depending on the presence or absence of tracheostome in the patient. Different methods are worked out to approximate the trachea ends with different diameters. Prevention of anastomosis leakage is achieved by strengthen-ing the anastomosis area to reduce the suture tension. In addition, there are studies dealing with the improvement of trachea regeneration by physiotherapy impact on the anastomosis area. Laser therapy and hyperbaric oxygenation are also put forward for use.Nevertheless, a number of items remain to be solved: indications for circular resection of the trachea are not clearly formulated, the size of trachea fragment to be resect is the subject of active discussion.
ROLE OF CYTOKINES IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF DIFFUSE BACTERIAL PERITONITIS
Authors: Шаульская  , Shaulskaya Elena , Чепурных  , Chepurnykh Elena , Шурыгина  , Shurygina Irina , Шурыгин  , Shurygin Mikhail
Published: April 2017

We analyzed present-day data in Russian and foreign literature on development of cytokine cascade in diffuse bacterial peritonitis having studied the role of cytokines in forming systemic inflammation response syndrome. It has been showed that cytokines primary regulate local protective response by forming typical inflammatory reaction with its classic local manifestations and natural anti-microbial resistance mechanisms. The main stage in the development of diffuse bacterial peritonitis is a disbalance in the system of proinflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory mediators; and this disbal-ance defines the severity of extraabdominal complications and multisystem organ failure. In the article, the markers of inflammation severity are described assisting in evaluation of the course of inflammation process and postoperative survival rate. Due to changes in immune system of the patients, it is necessary to assess complexly their immune status including cytokine profile, which in this group of patients is of diagnostic and prognostic value and needs to be further studied.
HISTOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BRAIN MENINGIOMAS
Authors: Cороковиков  , Corokovikov Vladimir , Степанов  , Stepanov Ivan , Бывальцев  , Byvaltsev Vadim , Антипина  , Antipina Svetlana
Published: April 2017

Meningiomas are among the most common primary intracranial tumors. They arise from meningothelial cells of the arachnoid layer that forms the external lining of the brain and occur primarily at the base of the skull in the parasellar regions as well as over the cerebral convexities. Of particular difficulty are anaplastic meningiomas, having similarities with malignant soft tissue tumors. Immunostaining allows to define not only the source of cytogenetic, tumor grade, but detect abnormal proteins – transcription products damaged DNA regions and make recommendations for the appointment of targeted therapy. Targeted effect on the meningioma will allow to achieve a significant increase in patient survival
microecological and associative structure of intestinal biocenosis in children with functional gastrointestinal disorders
Authors: Немченко  , Nemchenko Ulyana , Савелькаева  , Savelkaeva Marina , Колесникова  , Kolesnikova Lyubov , Иванова  , Ivanova Elena , Рычкова  , Rychkova Lyubov , Ракова  , Rakova Elena
Published: April 2017

The article is devoted to one of actual problems of gastroenterology – study of microbiocenosis of gastrointestinal tract in functional disorders. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) or minimal dysfunctions of digestion are frequent in the first months of child’s life and provoke anxiety both in parents and in pediatricians. Aim: to explore the microbial landscape and the associative structure of the microbiota of the large intestine in children with functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.Subjects and methods: Intestinal microbiota composition of 225 children with functional gastrointestinal disorders and 100 healthy children was studied using bacteriological method.Results. The 88.4 % frequency of detection of intestinal eubiosis disorders is discussed. Information is provided on the species composition of the major opportunistic organisms that inhabit this biotope. According to the results, decrease of bifidobacteria amount in structure of large intestine microbiota increases rate of detection of opportunistic micro-organisms – predominantly, Klebsiella genus bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus. The intestinal microbial community is dominated by multicomponent transient association. The frequency of detection of pathogenic Staphylococcus in children under one year is discussed in detail.Conclusions. A distinctive feature of the intestinal biocenosis microecological status is significantly greater spread of enterococci than in healthy children, which can be a risk for the emergence of strains with the presence of a number of pathogenecity factors that cause infectious processes.
comparative analysis of stomatological indicators in children and teenagers with arterial hypertension
Authors: Колесникова  , Kolesnikova Larisa , Натяганова  , Natyaganova Larisa , Шкавро  , Shkavro Tatyana
Published: April 2017

The frequency of dental diseases among children and teenagers is increasing. The development of diseases is influenced by both local and general factors. The common factors include somatic diseases, in this case that is arterial hypertension. Having examined the children and teenagers with arterial hypertension, we identified the degree of caries and diseases of parodont, evaluated oral health status. We have not revealed changes in the latter. The first expressed manifestations of periodontal tissues diseases were identified in the groups with arterial hypertension. Activity of caries process indicated higher rates in the groups with arterial hypertension. With age, the frequency and intensity of these diseases increase.
functional hemispheric asymmetry in boys and girls with arterial hypertension
Authors: Ревякина  , Revyakina Yuliya , Прохорова  , Prokhorova Zhanna , Косовцева  , Kosovtseva Aryuna , Киселева  , Kiseleva Anastasiya , Колесников  , Kolesnikov Sergey , Поляков  , Polyakov Vladimir , Рычкова  , Rychkova Lyubov , Ярославцева  , Yaroslavtseva Irina
Published: April 2017

Peculiarities of hemispheric asymmetry in 59 boys and 39 girls with arterial hypertension (mean age – 15.1 ± 1.5) were studied. The comparison group of healthy children included 60 boys and 37 girls (mean age – 14.9 ± 1.3).The total indicators of sensorimotor asymmetry showed significant deviations in formation of functional hemispheric asymmetry only in the group of boys. At the same time, differences of the asymmetry indicators between main group of girls and the one of comparison were quite moderate and did not reach the level of statistical significance. It is associ-ated with adaptation features of the boys with hypertension to changes of normal functioning of cardiovascular system.
wound-healIng effect of polyguanIdIne-based hydrogel
Authors: Стельмах  , Stelmakh Sergey , Бадмаев  , Badmaev Nikita , Разуваева  , Razuvaeva Yanina , Очиров  , Ochirov Oleg , Могнонов  , Mognonov Dmitriy
Published: April 2017

This article present the evaluation of polyhexamethyleneguanidine hydrochloride hydrogel influence on the course of wound healing processes. Synthesis of hydrogel is based on the interaction of amino-end groups of the polymer with carbonyl compounds. The presence of significant biocidal properties of the gel-forming polymer is allowed to consider the hydrogel as a wound healing agent. Since most wound healing agents for external use are made in the form of gels, ointments, poly-mer-based, it was decided to use the wound healing agent “Levomekol”, a gel which consists of poly (ethylene oxide) as a comparison drug. So, in terms of linear skin-muscle wound we established the pronounced wound-healing effect of a polyhexamethyleneguanidine hydrochloride hydrogel. The results of pathomorphological studies revealed that in animals of the experimental “hydrogel” group on the eighth day of the experiment, the wound was undergoing a process of rejection of the scab, the presence of mature granulation tissue and no exudate was also observed. In the comparison group, the healing process was more slow, on the eighth day of the experiment in the animal group we observed the presence of fluid under the eschar, and lower amount of mature granulation tissue. Tensiometry of the scar has shown that the strength of scar rupture in the “hydrogel” group requires 65% more force compared to the control group, while in the group of comparison this parameter made only 48%.
nature behavIoral responses, lIpId profIle and state of cardIovascular system In lead IntoxIcatIon modellIng on the background of hyperlIpIdemIa In albIno rats
Authors: Якимова  , Yakimova Natalya , Вокина  , Vokina Vera
Published: April 2017

The article describes the comparative study of the effect of lead intoxication in healthy animals and in terms of mod-elled hyperlipidemic condition on lipid metabolism, ECG performance, behavior in the test of the extrapolation of deliverance. The study was performed on 40 albino outbred adult male rats. Modeling hyperlipidemic condition was carried out daily by feeding natural unsalted fat at the rate of 8 grams per animal for 16 days. Lead intoxication was created after the atherogenic diet by adding lead acetate into drinking water in a dose of 50mg/kg of body weight for 4weeks. To investigate the lipid metabolism was measured in serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL choles-terol, LDL cholesterol. In the test of extrapolation deliverance 70% of animals with lead intoxication on the lipid load background did not cope with the task versus 40% of albino rats in the group with lead acetate exposure alone. All control animals successfully solved the problem of the deliverance test. The deterioration of the functioning of the car-diovascular system of rats with lead poisoning on the background of atherogenic diet was manifested by elongation of intraventricular conduction intervals on an electrocardiogram as compared with animals with lead intoxication alone. Disorders of lipid metabolism were manifested by increased levels of LDL cholesterol in rats with lead intoxication on the background of hyperlipidemia to 0.86 (0.69–1.14)mmol/l compared with the value of 0.67(0.58–0.79)mmol/l in animals with lead intoxication.
ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN VARIOUS PATHOGENIC SUBTYPES OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN ACUTE PERIOD
Authors: Лукьянова  , Lukyanova Yuliya
Published: April 2017

The aim of the study was to detect significant biochemical changes in antioxidant status during acute period of ischemic stroke in its various pathogenic subtypes in patients aged 45–74years. The most important results were blood levels of ascorbic acid, malondialdehyde and free/ oxidized glutathione ratio. Cardioembolic stroke was associated with: the reduced ascorbic acid level of 62–74% comparable to control group; 5-times increased malondialdehyde level at the end of the first week of the disease; and also 50% decreasing of cell antioxidant capacity comparable to control group and other stroke subtypes. In lacunary stroke minimal changes in antioxidant status were measured, possibly because of small size of brain damage. Positive clinical dynamics was followed by decreasing of free glutathione levels. It could be related with its previous significant expenditure in process of cell recovery in penumbra area. In case of favorable outcome all of the markers return to the levels which were comparable to control group. The differences in the dynam-ics of the cells antioxidant capacity and consumption of native antioxidants, the time from the onset of the disease, the severity of the clinical picture, depending on the stroke subtype, were revealed. Further research of this problem may help to create new methods of diagnostics and selective pharmacological correction of this pathology.
COMORBID PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS AS AN EFFICIENCY FACTOR OF TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION OF CARDIAC PATIENTS
Authors: Петрова  , Petrova Nataliya
Published: April 2017

Оn the sample of 90 patients with chronic heart failure at the stage of stabilization we studied the influence of concomi-tant depressive and anxiety disorders on functional ability, quality of life and adherence to therapy. In our investigation we used the integrated and interdisciplinary approach to evaluation of psychosomatic status of patients, including test six minute walk, the method of clinical-scale evaluation, and an expert evaluation by a doctor. The data were processed using the program Microsoft Office Excel 2007 statistical software package SPSS Statistics 17.0. Significant frequency of anxious, depressive and comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders, which affect compliance and aggravate the functioning of the patients, was confirmed. It is shown that the results of treatment and rehabilita-tion activities are mediated by the presence and severity of anxiety and depressive disorders.
EXPERIENCE OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Authors: Казеннов  , Kazennov Aleksey , Канюков  , Kanyukov Vladimir , Трубина  , Trubina Olga , Казеннова  , Kazennova Irina
Published: April 2017

The study included 48vitreoretinal surgeries performed during 2014-2015 in 39patients with advanced fibrovascular stage of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Visual acuity before the surgery averaged from pr. l. certae to 0.01. In 7cases patients underwent intravitreal injection of Lucentis 2–3weeks before the surgery. The surgery was performed according to the standard 3-port 25G vitrectomy. In some cases, short-term tamponade of vitreous cavity by fluid perfluororganic compounds (PFOS) was performed for 2–3days. This was due to prolonged bleeding during the surgery. In these cases, fibrinolytic of direct action (hemasa) was injected directly to the blood clot. In 4 cases circular retinotomy was needed. In 35cases tamponade was made by silicone oil 5700cSt, in 13 – by air-gas mixture. In cases of air-gas tamponade 3 patients had a relapse. After vitreous cavity revision it was plugged with silicone oil 5700cSt. In 17cases visual function remained unchanged, in 18 cases the changes were imperceptible, in 9cases visual acuity improved to 0.2, in 3cases – visual function increased to 0.4 and in 1patient – to 0.7. In postoperative period IOP increased in 7 cases. In 5 of these cases compensation was achieved with antihypertensive drugs. In one case the patient was implanted leukosapphire drainage, and in one more case transscleral cyclophotocoagulation about terminal aching glaucoma was performed. The silicone oil was removed in 6patients at the period of 6 months up to 2years.
FEATURES OF VISUAL PERCEPTION IN PATIENTS WITH PRESBYOPIA, DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF INTRAOCULAR CORRECTION
Authors: Сенченко  , Senchenko Nadezhda , Мищенко  , Mishchenko Oleg , Юрьева  , Yureva Tatyana , Щуко  , Shchuko Andrey , Розанова  , Rozanova Olga
Published: April 2017

Purpose. To assess the long-term results of presbyopia correction in patients with primary cataract depending on type of implantable IOLs.Material and methods. A profound study of visual functions and assessment of visual quality of 90patients (mean age 63.3±1.2years) with partial cataracts and presbyopia. The studies were conducted before surgery and in late post-operative period after bilateral cataract phacoemulsification with implantation of different models IOLs that provide a high visual acuity in distance and at close range. Results. Bilateral implantation of monofocal IOLs for monovision principle leads to a significant increase in far visual acuity of leading the eye and near visual acuity of slave eye. However, patients need long-term adaptation to artificial anisometropia. As a result of bilateral implantation of accommodating IOLs a significant improvement in visual acuity at distance and near occurs. Surgical treatment provides best visual quality of patients up to 6 months after surgery. In period from 12 to 24months after surgery, there was a decrease of visual functions as a result of fibrosis of capsular bag. The correction of presbyopia by creating a multifocal optical system as a result of bilateral multifocal refractive IOL implantation leads to a stable improvement of visual acuity at far and close distance. But thus the contrast sensitivity deteriorates, especially in low- and high-frequency ranges.Conclusion. Intraocular correction of presbyopia is a highly effective method of treatment, allowing obtaining high visual acuity in distance and at close range. However, the results depend on chosen strategy of intraocular correction.
EFFECT OF PERFLUOROCARBON LIQUIDS ON GROWTH OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS
Authors: Поздеева  , Pozdeeva Nadezhda , Фролычев  , Frolychev Ivan , Колбовская  , Kolbovskaya Lyubov
Published: April 2017

In order to analyze the influence of perfluororganic compounds (perfluorodecalin) on growth of Staphylococcus epi-dermidis there was an invitro experiment conducted. During 24hours St.epidermidis cell crop was grown on meat-peptone agar in the Petri dishes: 1.1 water-salt BSS+ solution, 1.2–3,5ml BSS+ solution and 1mg of vancomycin in 0,1ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, 1.3 perfluororganic compound, 1.4 the mixture of perfluororganic compound and 1mg of vancomycin in 0,1ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Similarly the Petri dishes were numbered and the second experiment was conducted when the initial Staphilococcusepidermidis concentration was two times reduced. To hold control the pure crop of bacteria was cultivated without adding any additional materials in cups 1.0 and 1.2. No growth of colonies were detected in cups 1,2, 2,2, local absence of growth was found in 1.4, 2,4. In cups 1.1 and 2.1 there was more intensive growth detected and approximately the same intensive growth of crop was found in cups 1.3, 2.3. comparing to the controlled crop. The findings confirm the effectiveness of vancomycin regarding Staphylococcus epidermidis and the possibility of its use together with perfluororganic compounds. This fact can be used in the process of treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis.
EX-PRESS DRAINAGE DEVICE IN PATIENTS WITH REFRACTORY ANDP RIMARY OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA
Authors: Бикбов  , Bikbov Mukharram , Хуснитдинов  , Khusnitdinov Ilnur
Published: April 2017

The article provides the review of domestic and foreign literature on the use of the Ex-Press drainage device in patients with refractory and primary open-angle glaucoma. We conducted a detailed analysis of hypotensive effectiveness of Ex-Press implantation combined with anti-VEGF drugs, antimetabolites (5-Fluorouracil, Mitomycin C), Glautex and Ologen drainages. We described the results of drainage device usage for neovascular, aphakic, pseudophakic glaucoma. We determined indications, modified methods of Ex-Press implantation and best options of combinations with drainages; established safe conditions of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with the implanted device. We presented all possible com-plications both in the early and late postoperative period. The influence of Ex-Press on endothelial layer of the cornea in dynamics was shown. On the basis of literature review it can be noted that Ex-press drainage device has proved to have a long hypotensive effect in patients with POAG and pseudophakia. Whereas in refractory glaucoma it requires a combination with drainage and anti-metabolites. Implantation of Ex-press requires dynamic monitoring of patients due to the risk of long-term postoperative complications.