bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coupling Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) for Modelling the Ecological Continuum in Participative Territorial Planning
Authors: Batton-Hubert Mireille , Bonnevialle Marie , Joliveau Thierry , Mazagol Pierre-Olivier , Paran Frédéric
Published: October 2011

This paper presents a research experiment that started in 2007 on the French “blue and green infrastructures”. At the prompting of a French local administration, this experiment takes into account ecological stakes and involves actors in territorial planning at a metropolitan scale. Founded on previous works, the goal of the approach builds a participative workshop based on GIS and MCA coupling in order to think collectively and better understand the initial foundation of the method, the problems and proposed solutions, and the theoretical and the practical prerequisites. The final goal suggests methodological solutions to facilitate its generalization and its diffusion. The objectives are: 1) to analyse as objectively as possible the initial approach, methodological and technical choices, constraints, limits, and potential improvements; 2) to take into account questioning about the participative workshop conception and functioning; 3) to test new methodological proposals.
Historical GIS as a Platform for Public Memory at Mammoth Cave National Park
Authors: Algeo Katie , Epperson Ann , Brunt Matthew
Published: October 2011

The Mammoth Cave Historical GIS (MCHGIS) fosters new understandings of a national park landscape as a historic farming community and offers a web-based platform for public memory of pre-park inhabitants. It maps the 1920 manuscript census at the household level over a streaming topographic map and georeferences Civilian Conservation Corps photographs of dwellings for visualization and analysis of the area’s population on the eve of creation of Mammoth Cave National Park. A web interface to the MCHGIS permits broader dissemination of archival holdings. Public participation GIS techniques are adapted to initiate a virtual site of public memory to supplement the history presented by institutionally-held materials with those donated from private holdings.
The Efficacy of Aerial Search During the Battle of Midway
Authors: Dean Denis J.
Published: October 2011

The Battle of Midway (June 4 – 6, 1942) is considered one of the pivotal naval encounters of the Second World War. The battle has been examined in detail within both popular and scholarly literature, and a common opinion found in virtually all of these examinations is that Japanese search efforts on the morning of June 4, which were intended to determine if any U.S. naval forces were present, were inadequate. Japanese search procedures have been criticized on many separate grounds, but one fault implicit in many of these criticisms is that Japanese search plans were based upon the assumption that a searching aircraft that came within a predefined range of an enemy surface ship would inevitably sight that vessel. Intuitively, a 100% detection rate seems highly unlikely. It seems more probable that a myriad of factors influence detection probability, including characteristics of cloud cover, number and sizes of surface ships involved, relative courses, and speeds of the search aircraft and surface ships. This study employed a Monte Carlo approach built around modified GIS viewshed analyses techniques to investigate the influence of these and other factors had upon detection probability.
Evaluating the Use of Electronic Door Seals (E-Seals) on Shipping Containers
Authors: McCormack Edward , Jensen Mark , Hovde Al
Published: October 2011

In this study, electronic door seals (E-seals) are tested on shipping containers that traveled through ports, over borders, and on roadways. The findings show that using RFID devices increases supply chain efficiency and improves the security of containerized cargo movements, particularly when E-seals replace common mechanical seals. Before the benefits of E-seals can be realized, several barriers must be addressed. A lack of frequency standards for E-seals is a major problem, hindering their acceptability for global trade. Routine use of E-seals also requires new processes that may slow their acceptance by the shipping industry. Disposable E-seals, which decrease industry concerns about costs and enforcement agency concerns about security by eliminating the need to recycle E-seals, are not common because they must be manufactured in large quantities to be cost effective. Compatibility with existing highway systems could also promote E-seal acceptance, as containers could be tracked on roadways.
Wireless Sensor Network Technology and Its Application Potentials for Service Innovation in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Li Gong , Shi Jing
Published: October 2011

The growing awareness of the strategic value of service along with higher product performance expectations has directed many industries to adopt service centric competitive strategies in managing their supply chains. Service innovation based on currently available advanced technologies has become critical in improving enterprises’ competitive strengths. Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology, which can provide a mobile, scalable, and reliable monitoring solution, is emerging as a tool for service innovation in supply chain management. This paper provides an overview of wireless sensor network technology and discusses how it can benefit modern industries. The fundamental theories of WSN are introduced as well as an overview of the development. The impact of information technologies on supply chain management and service innovation is then briefly discussed. Much emphasis is placed on the feasibility, procedures, and critical challenges of implementing WSN in supply chain management innovation. Current and future applications of WSN are also provided, followed by a case study demonstrating the application potentials of WSN for service innovation in the healthcare industry.
Business Service Scheduling
Authors: Dorn Jürgen
Published: October 2011

The management and predictive planning of the processes to create business services is more difficult than the planning of production processes, because services cannot be produced in stock and customers are involved in their creation. In this paper, the author proposes a method for service scheduling and optimization based on an ontology to describe business services and related concepts. The author schedules operations required to create a service. With each service process and its operations, soft and hard constraints on the execution of operations and the required resources are posted. These constraints are derived from service level agreements. A legal plan must then satisfy all hard constraints. All soft constraints are matter of optimization. Using a tabu search, a near-optimal solution of the service scheduling problem is achieved.
The 2008 Survey of Indian Third-Party Logistics (3PL) Service Providers
Authors: Mitra Subrata
Published: October 2011

This paper presents a survey of Indian third-party logistics (3PL) providers and compares the state of the industry with that in 2004 based on an earlier survey. The 3PL industries of India and North America are also compared. The survey finds that the Indian 3PL industry lags behind North America in terms of global reach and breadth of service. Indian 3PL providers also underperform in key variables that determine performance levels. Other problems identified by the survey are the lack of awareness among Indian shippers, shortage of management talent, inadequate infrastructure, complex documentations, and multiple tax systems. Despite these limitations, the Indian 3PL industry is growing. Many global players are entering the Indian market through direct investments, acquisitions, and alliances. The Indian government is also improving the infrastructure, reducing paperwork, simplifying taxation systems, and implementing economic policies conducive to growth. This paper provides significant insights for logistics managers, government, and other stakeholders.
Process Analysis of Knowledge Production
Authors: Saadé Raafat George , Ahmed Ali
Published: October 2011

This paper presents an optimized supply chain for ‘knowledge products’. Based on the traditional logistics model for academic knowledge, knowledge creation and delivery are discussed. A new framework of an optimized supply chain for ‘knowledge products’ is developed. A semi-structured interview was undertaken to capture and analyze the knowledge logistics in a traditional publishing setup. Findings include the illustration of a new optimized supply chain for the manufacturing and distribution of ‘knowledge products’. Realised benefits are discussed showing a significant reduction in total supply chain processing. Research in this domain involves the actual knowledge creators (publishing companies). Connecting knowledge delivery systems to the supplier presents challenges including information sharing and openness to accessing their systems. More challenges are discussed with implications, primarily related to commitment, partnership and re-engineering of present systems. Publishing companies still follow the same traditional supply chain for knowledge creation. They have moved towards custom publishing, but their processes remain practically the same. Publishing companies have to change their mindsets and re-engineer their processes.
Propagation of Front Waves in Myelinated Nerve Fibres
Authors: Nkomidio Aïssatou Mboussi , Woafo Paul
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the authors examine the propagation of wave fronts in myelinated nerve fibres and applications as electrical transmission lines constituted of linear and nonlinear portions. Numerical simulations show that the front introduced in the nonlinear portion deforms itself in the linear portion, but recovers its initial profile and velocity in the next nonlinear portion. The phenomenon of deformation and recovery can be used for the development of new and low cost electrical transmission lines that can be used to transport localized excitations.
Mathematical Model to Assess the Relative Effectiveness of Rift Valley Fever Countermeasures
Authors: Gaff Holly , Burgess Colleen , Jackson Jacqueline , Niu Tianchan , Papelis Yiannis , Hartley David
Published: October 2011

Mathematical modeling of infectious diseases is increasingly used to explicate the mechanics of disease propagation, impact of controls, and sensitivity of countermeasures. The authors demonstrate use of a Rift Valley Fever (RVF) model to study efficacy of countermeasures to disease transmission parameters. RVF is a viral infectious disease that propagates through infected mosquitoes and primarily affects animals but also humans. Vaccines exist to protect against the disease but there is lack of data comparing efficacy of vaccination with alternative countermeasures such as managing mosquito population or destroying infected livestock. This paper presents a compartmentalized multispecies deterministic ordinary differential equation model of RVF propagation among livestock through infected Aedes and Culex mosquitoes and exercises the model to study the efficacy of vector adulticide, vector larvicide, livestock vaccination, and livestock culling on livestock population. Results suggest that livestock vaccination and culling offer the greatest benefit in terms of reducing livestock morbidity and mortality.
A Computational Model of Mitigating Disease Spread in Spatial Networks
Authors: Kim Taehyong , Li Kang , Zhang Aidong , Sen Surajit , Ramanathan Murali
Published: October 2011

This study examines the problem of disease spreading and containment in spatial networks, where the computational model is capable of detecting disease progression to initiate processes mitigating infection spreads. This paper focuses on disease spread from a central point in a 1 x 1 unit square spatial network, and makes the model respond by trying to selectively decimate the network and thereby contain disease spread. Attention is directed on the kinematics of disease spreading with respect to how damage is controlled by the model. In addition, the authors analyze both the sensitivity of disease progression on various parameter settings and the correlation of parameters of the model. As the result, this study suggests that the radius of containment process is the most critical parameter and its best values with the computational model would be a great help to reduce damages from disease spread of a future pandemic. The study can be applied to controlling other virus spread problems in spatial networks such as disease spread in a geographical network and virus spread in a brain cell network.
Simulating the Spread of an Epidemic in a Small Rural Kansas Town
Authors: Easton Todd , Carlyle Kyle , Anderson Joseph , James Matthew
Published: October 2011

Substantial research has been dedicated to simulating the spread of infectious diseases. These simulation models have focused on major urban centers. Rural people have drastically different interaction and travel patterns than urban people. This paper describes a generic simulation package that can simulate the spread of an epidemic on a small rural town. This simulation package is then used to test the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies.
Considerations on Strategies to Improve EOG Signal Analysis
Authors: Wissel Tobias , Palaniappan Ramaswamy
Published: October 2011

Electrooculogram (EOG) signals have been used in designing Human-Computer Interfaces, though not as popularly as electroencephalogram (EEG) or electromyogram (EMG) signals. This paper explores several strategies for improving the analysis of EOG signals. This article explores its utilization for the extraction of features from EOG signals compared with parametric, frequency-based approach using an autoregressive (AR) model as well as template matching as a time based method. The results indicate that parametric AR modeling using the Burg method, which does not retain the phase information, gives poor class separation. Conversely, the projection on the approximation space of the fourth level of Haar wavelet decomposition yields feature sets that enhance the class separation. Furthermore, for this method the number of dimensions in the feature space is much reduced as compared to template matching, which makes it much more efficient in terms of computation. This paper also reports on an example application utilizing wavelet decomposition and the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) for classification, which was implemented and evaluated successfully. In this application, a virtual keyboard acts as the front-end for user interactions.
A Study of Tabu Search for Coloring Random 3-Colorable Graphs Around the Phase Transition
Authors: Hamiez Jean-Philippe , Hao Jin-Kao , Glover Fred W.
Published: October 2011

The authors present an experimental investigation of tabu search (TS) to solve the 3-coloring problem (3-COL). Computational results reveal that a basic TS algorithm is able to find proper 3-colorings for random 3-colorable graphs with up to 11000 vertices and beyond when instances follow the uniform or equipartite well-known models, and up to 1500 vertices for the hardest class of flat graphs. This study also validates and reinforces some existing phase transition thresholds for 3-COL.
Research Commentary
Authors: Geem Zong Woo
Published: October 2011

Recently a paper was published which claims “harmony search is equivalent to evolution strategies and because the latter is not popular currently, the former has no future. Also, research community was misguided by the former’s disguised novelty.” This paper is written to rebut the original paper’s claims by saying 1) harmony search is different from evolution strategies because each has its own uniqueness, 2) performance, rather than novelty, is an algorithm’s survival factor, and 3) the original paper was biased to mislead into a predefined conclusion.” Also, the shortcomings of current review system, citation system, and funding system are briefly mentioned.
Scatter Search Applied to the Vehicle Routing Problem with Simultaneous Delivery and Pickup
Authors: Maquera Gladys , Laguna Manuel , Gandelman Dan Abensur , Sant’Anna Annibal Parracho
Published: October 2011

Though its origins can be traced back to 1977, the development and application of the metaheuristic Scatter Search (SS) has stayed dormant for 20 years. However, in the last 10 years, research interest has positioned SS as one of the recognizable methodologies within the umbrella of evolutionary search. This paper presents an application of SS to the problem of routing vehicles that are required both to deliver and pickup goods (VRPSDP). This specialized version of the vehicle routing problem is particularly relevant to organizations that are concerned with sustainable and environmentally-friendly business practices. In this work, the efficiency of SS is evaluated when applied to this problem. Computational results of the application to instances in the literature are presented.
A New Approach to Associative Classification Based on Binary Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Das Madhabananda , Roy Rahul , Dehuri Satchidananda , Cho Sung-Bae
Published: October 2011

Associative classification rule mining (ACRM) methods operate by association rule mining (ARM) to obtain classification rules from a previously classified data. In ACRM, classifiers are designed through two phases: rule extraction and rule selection. In this paper, the ACRM problem is treated as a multi-objective problem rather than a single objective one. As the problem is a discrete combinatorial optimization problem, it was necessary to develop a binary multi-objective particle swarm optimization (BMOPSO) to optimize the measure like coverage and confidence of association rule mining (ARM) to extract classification rules in rule extraction phase. In rule selection phase, a small number of rules are targeted from the extracted rules by BMOPSO to design an accurate and compact classifier which can maximize the accuracy of the rule sets and minimize their complexity simultaneously. Experiments are conducted on some of the University of California, Irvine (UCI) repository datasets. The comparative result of the proposed method with other standard classifiers confirms that the new proposed approach can be a suitable method for classification.
Vector Evaluated and Objective Switching Approaches of Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABC) for Multi-Objective Design Optimization of Composite Plate Structures
Authors: Omkar S. N. , Naik G. Narayana , Patil Kiran , Mudigere Mrunmaya
Published: October 2011

In this paper, a generic methodology based on swarm algorithms using Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm is proposed for combined cost and weight optimization of laminated composite structures. Two approaches, namely Vector Evaluated Design Optimization (VEDO) and Objective Switching Design Optimization (OSDO), have been used for solving constrained multi-objective optimization problems. The ply orientations, number of layers, and thickness of each lamina are chosen as the primary optimization variables. Classical lamination theory is used to obtain the global and local stresses for a plate subjected to transverse loading configurations, such as line load and hydrostatic load. Strength of the composite plate is validated using different failure criteria—Failure Mechanism based failure criterion, Maximum stress failure criterion, Tsai-Hill Failure criterion and the Tsai-Wu failure criterion. The design optimization is carried for both variable stacking sequences as well as standard stacking schemes and a comparative study of the different design configurations evolved is presented. Performance of Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) is compared with Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for both VEDO and OSDO approaches. The results show ABC yielding a better optimal design than PSO and GA.
Complexifying the ‘Visualised’ Curriculum with Actor-Network Theory
Authors: De Vincentis Sue
Published: October 2011

Rather than conceptualising the curriculum as a mandate which guides a teacher’s task of advancing the knowledge of students, or what the author will call the simple story, the curriculum as an object of complexities is explored in this article. The article considers how approaching the curriculum relationally can be a more fruitful quest than simply accepting that curriculum activity is predetermined, predictable, or standard. Drawing on actor-network theory and the fieldwork resulting from a funded, primary school Arts project in Australia, the curriculum is examined as a relational effect of education. In doing so, it is shown how interdependent webs of heterogeneous relations contribute to this entity called ‘the curriculum’, encouraging activity to be practised in particular ways, yet suggesting activity could be otherwise.
Applying Hermeneutic Phenomenology to Understand Innovation Adoption
Authors: Lukaitis Stasys
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the author examines phenomenology and hermeneutics as research traditions and proposes a philosophical basis for their use. The author develops an iterative research process model that meets the needs of socio-technical research into technical innovation. This rigorous hybrid methodology is called hermeneutic phenomenology and is shown to be an excellent approach to dealing with the search for understanding.
Coordination Performance Evaluation of Supply Logistics in JIT Environment
Authors: Li Guo , Zhang Xiang , Wang Zhaohua , Gao Tao
Published: October 2011

In JIT assembly system, any supplier’s postponement of delivery or incorrect delivery quantity will result in the manufacturer’s incapability of assembling on schedule, which will not only damage the interests of other suppliers but also jeopardize the interests of enterprises and reduce the competitiveness of the supply chain. In this article, coordination of the upstream supply logistics from internal and external aspects is taken as the research object. In external supply system, three aspects of cost, quality and time are used to evaluate the coordination of supply logistics in JIT environment. From the internal aspect, reliability, flexibility, responsiveness, customer service and system suitability are selected for the performance evaluation. The eight indexes construct an index system and each performance index is described and analyzed. Finally, Analytic Hierarchy Process is used to evaluate the coordinated performance of supply logistics in JIT environment. An example is provided, which illustrate the method used in this paper is feasible and meaningful.
The WiMap
Authors: Xu Junjun , Luo Haiyong , Zhao Fang , Tao Rui , Lin Yiming , Li Hui
Published: October 2011

As positioning technology is an important foundation of the Internet of Things, a dynamic indoor WLAN localization system is proposed in this paper. This paper mainly concentrates on the design and implementation of the WiMap-a dynamic indoor WLAN localization system, which employs grid-based localization method using RSS (received signal strength). To achieve high localization accuracy and low computational complexity, Gaussian mixture model is applied to approximate the signal distribution and a ROI (region of interest) is defined to limit the search region. The authors also discuss other techniques like AP selection and threshold control, which affects the localization accuracy. The experimental results indicate that an accuracy of 3m with 73.8% probability can be obtained in WiMap. Moreover, the running time is reduced greatly with limited ROI method.
Identifying Disease Genes Based on Functional Annotation and Text Mining
Authors: Yuan Fang , Li Mingliang , Li Jing
Published: October 2011

The identification of disease genes from candidated regions is one of the most important tasks in bioinformatics research. Most approaches based on function annotations cannot be used to identify genes for diseases without any known pathogenic genes or related function annotations. The authors have built a new web tool, DGHunter, to predict genes associated with these diseases which lack detailed function annotations. Its performance was tested with a set of 1506 genes involved in 1147 disease phenotypes derived from the morbid map table in the OMIM database. The results show that, on average, the target gene was in the top 13.60% of the ranked lists of candidates, and the target gene was in the top 5% with a 40.70% chance. DGHunter can identify disease genes effectively for those diseases lacking sufficient function annotations.
COADA
Authors: Vu Long , Nahrstedt Klara , Malik Rahul , Wang Qiyan
Published: October 2011

This paper argues that Dynamic Coalition Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Network exists in numerous scenarios where mobile users cluster and form coalitions, and the relationship between sizes of coalitions and distances from mobile nodes to their Point of Interest (PoI) follows exponential distributions. The P2P coalition patterns of mobile users and their exponential distribution behavior can be utilized for efficient and adaptive content file download of cellular users. An adaptive protocol named COADA (COalition-aware Adaptive content DownloAd) is designed that (a) blends cellular and P2P (e.g., WiFi or Bluetooth) wireless interfaces, (b) leverages the clustering of people into P2P coalitions when moving towards PoI, and (c) utilizes exponential-coalition-size function of the Dynamic Coalition P2P Network to minimize the cellular download and meet content file download deadline. With COADA protocol, mobile nodes periodically sample the current P2P coalition size and predict the future coalition size using the exponential function. In order to decide how much file data is available in P2P coalition channels versus how much file data must be downloaded from the server over the cellular network, Online Codes techniques are used and tune cellular download timers to meet the file download deadline. The simulation results show that COADA achieves considerable performance improvements by downloading less file data from the cellular channel and more file data over the P2P coalition network while meeting the file download deadline.
An OMA DM Based Framework for Updating Modulation Module for Mobile Devices
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wang Xinheng , Iqbal Muddesar
Published: October 2011

Due to the rapid advancement of mobile communication technologies, the demands for managing mobile devices effectively to fulfill various functionalities are on the rise. It is well known that mobile devices make use of different kinds of modulation approaches to adapt to various channel conditions. Therefore, in this paper, the authors propose a framework of Modulation Module Update (MMU) for updating the modulation module on the mobile device based on OMA DM. The management object for updating modulation module and the parameters associated with it are defined in the framework, and three operation phases are defined in this framework as well.
The Effects of Different Interaction Protocols in Agent-Based Simulation of Social Activities
Authors: Ronald Nicole , Arentze Theo , Timmermans Harry
Published: October 2011

Decision making in models of activity and travel behaviour is usually individual-based and focuses on outcomes rather than the decision process. Using agent-based modelling techniques and incorporating interaction protocols into the model can assist in modelling decision-making in more detail. This paper describes an agent-based model of social activity generation and scheduling, in which utility-based agents interact with each other to schedule activities. Six different protocols are tested. The authors show that the model outcomes reflect minor changes in the protocol, while changing the order of the protocol leads to significantly different outcomes, hence the protocol plays a large role in the simulation results and should be studied in more detail.
Information Technology and Fair Use
Authors: Farmer Lesley S. J.
Published: October 2011

Intellectual pursuit and the recognition of ideas is a central concept. Copyrights protect the rights of intellectual creators while balancing those rights with the needs for access. As technologies have expanded, and production has become more sophisticated, the legal regulations surrounding their use have become more complex. With the advent of the interactive web 2.0 and increased resource sharing, as well as growth in distance learning opportunities, complying with the legal use of information technology can be daunting. In any case, leaders and other educators should be aware of the more important aspects of technology-related copyright laws and regulations. This article provides an overview of copyright law and fair use for educational research purposes. It explains different options for intellectual production and sharing, and notes administrative actions to support copyright compliance.
Workplace Incivility in Schools
Authors: Reio Thomas G. , Reio Stephanie M.
Published: October 2011

This paper investigates the prevalence of coworker and supervisor incivility in the context of K-12 schools and incivility’s possible link to teachers’ commitment to the school and turnover intent. The data were collected via surveys from 94 middle school teachers in the United States. Results indicated that 85% of the teachers experienced coworker incivility over the past year; 71% experienced supervisor incivility. MANOVA results suggested no statistically significant differences in incivility by gender or ethnicity. Hierarchical regression results suggested that supervisor incivility was associated negatively with commitment and positively associated with turnover intent. Coworker incivility was not a significant predictor in the regression equations. Macro- and micro-level human resource strategies are offered as possible tools to lessen the likelihood of uncivil behavior.
Adult Education and Sustainable Learning Outcome of Rural Widows of Central Northern Nigeria
Authors: Usman Lantana M.
Published: October 2011

In northern Nigeria, widows’ identities and status are defined within the mores, norms, traditional religions, and legal institutions of the cultures of the community. The ethnic cultural laws are oppressive and retrogressive. The nexus of these cultural pressures trigger discriminatory practices that deny school attending widows’ access, and completion of primary and secondary levels of education, leaving them literacy bankrupt and unskilled to fend for themselves and their children. These experiences motivated an all women Community Based Organization (CBO) to establish a Widows Training School to educate widows in vocational skills and basic literacy and numeracy. This paper examines research that was conducted with a sample of former graduates and attendees of the Widows Training School (WTS). The study is based on a qualitative educational research orientation, and the case study design. Multi-modal data were derived from Focused Group Interviews (FGIs) and Non Participant Observation (NPO) with a sample population of the widows. Data analysis engaged the qualitative process of transcription, categorization, and generation of codes that were merged into major themes, and presented in the as socio cultural status of the widows in the community; historical foundation, nature and curriculum implementation of the school; and the facets of sustainable learning outcome of the widows.
Query Processing in a Mediator Based Framework for Linked Data Integration
Authors: Vidal Vânia M. P. , de Macêdo José A. F. , Pinheiro João C. , Casanova Marco A. , Porto Fábio
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the authors present a three-level mediator based framework for linked data integration. In the approach, the mediated schema is represented by a domain ontology, which provides a conceptual representation of the application. Each relevant data source is described by a source ontology, published on the Web according to the Linked Data principles. Each source ontology is rewritten as an application ontology, whose vocabulary is restricted to be a subset of the vocabulary of the domain ontology. The main contribution of the paper is an algorithm for reformulating a user query into sub-queries over the data sources. The reformulation algorithm exploits inter-ontology links to return more complete query results. The approach is illustrated by an example of a virtual store mediating access to online booksellers.
Performance-Enhanced Caching Scheme for Web Clusters for Dynamic Content
Authors: Raghunathan A. , Murugesan K.
Published: October 2011

In order to improve the QoS of applications, clusters of web servers are increasingly used in web services. Caching helps improve performance in web servers, but is largely exploited only for static web content. With more web applications using backend databases today, caching of dynamic content has a crucial role in web performance. This paper presents a set of cache management schemes for handling dynamic data in web clusters by sharing cached contents. These schemes use either automatic or expiry-based cache validation, and work with any type of request distribution. The techniques improve response by utilizing the caches efficiently and reducing redundant database accesses by web servers while ensuring cache consistency. The authors present caching schemes for both horizontal and vertical cluster architectures. Simulations show an appreciable performance rise in response times of queries in clustered web servers.
Champion for Business Intelligence
Authors: Dymarsky Irina
Published: October 2011

Although Gartner’s EXP 2006 CIO Survey ranked Business Intelligence (BI) as the top technology priority, BI projects face tough competition from other projects in IT portfolios promising more tangible financial returns (Wu & Weitzman, 2006) Two major hurdles that prevent BI projects from shining in portfolios are vague requirements and weak benefits calculations. Both can be addressed by examining and learning from a number of case studies that prove tangible ROI on BI solutions when scoped and designed with a focus on specific, measurable, achievable, results-oriented, and time bound SMART business goals. In order for BI projects to compete in IT portfolios based on financial measures, like ROI, BI champions need to approach BI requirements gathering with the goal of addressing a specific business problem as well as employ standard ways of calculating BI benefits post project go live. By examining common failures with BI requirements and case studies which demonstrate how successful BI implementations translate into tangible benefits for the organization, BI champions develop a toolkit of tips, tricks, and lessons learned for successful requirements gathering, design, implementation, and measure of business results on BI initiatives.
10 Principles to Ensure Your Data Warehouse Implementation is a Failure
Authors: Hill Adam , Ariyachandra Thilini , Frolick Mark
Published: October 2011

Demand for business intelligence solutions continues to grow in the industry at record rates to combat competitive pressures and to attain business agility. Still organizations continue to struggle on how to implement successful business intelligence solutions. Despite its growing popularity and maturity as a field, it appears that organizations follow key guidelines that ensure the failure of their business intelligence implementation. This paper highlights ten major principles that organizations follow to ensure the failure of their BI solution and in so doing describes how to avoid BI failure in terms of strategy and design, implementation management and communication, and technology and resource investment for BI solutions.
Enterprise Intelligence
Authors: Morabito Joseph , Stohr Edward A. , Genc Yegin
Published: October 2011

This paper examines the key issues associated with current and future implementations of business intelligence (BI). The authors review the literature and discover both the growing importance and emerging issues associated with BI. The issues are further examined with an exploratory, but detailed, case study of organizations from a variety of industries, yielding a series of lessons learned. The authors find that organizations are rapidly moving to an enterprise perspective on BI, but in an unsystematic way. The authors present a prescription for the future of BI called “enterprise intelligence” (EI). EI is described in a framework that combines elements of hierarchy theory, organization modeling, and intellectual capital.
IT and Business Can Succeed in BI by Embracing Agile Methodologies
Authors: Gann Alex
Published: October 2011

While the potential benefits from BI are vast, organizations have struggled to successfully deploy it. BI applies myriad advanced techniques, performed by the firm’s Information Technology (IT) group, to fulfill the reporting, analysis, and decision-support needs of the Lines of Business. Two of the greatest challenges in BI are accurately and continuously communicating requirements from the business to IT and quickly yet affordably delivering the requested functionality from IT to the business. Companies can overcome these challenges by embracing a prescribed set of Agile development methodologies for BI. This paper examines the history of selected systems development approaches, weighs the advantages and disadvantages of prevailing practices, and ultimately recommends a path forward to succeeding in BI through the application of Agile methodologies.
Business Intelligence Enhances Strategic, Long-Range Planning in the Commercial Aerospace Industry
Authors: Ellis David
Published: October 2011

The world’s largest aircraft manufacturers like Boeing and Airbus have traditionally been dominant in the commercial aerospace industry, but due to the rise of several smaller commercial aircraft companies and in spite of air travel increasing each year, it will be paramount for Boeing and Airbus to thoroughly understand past and current market conditions and be able to combine their understanding with the proper analytical tools to anticipate the market demands of the future if they are to remain the world leaders in their industry. This paper presents a discussion of industry factors such as airline routes, past passenger demands in different regions of the world and the sizes and types of aircraft that were required to support those demands, and more importantly, how analysis of that information is integral to the projection of future demands within the commercial aerospace market which will facilitate Boeing and Airbus positioning themselves to provide their airline customers with the right product at the right time.
Digital Images
Authors: Matthews Linda , Perin Gavin
Published: October 2011

The valence of any visual paradigm and its accompanying technologies is subject to the contingencies of political regimes and cultural shifts. The instigation, implementation and even reconfiguring of any associated technological system effects a translation and adjustment to the structure and use of these supporting mechanisms that both re-defines the relationship between object and viewer and ultimately influences its translation into material form. The permeation of digital systems throughout contemporary urban space is typified by Internet Protocol webcam systems, instigated by civic authorities for surveillance and the imagistic promotion of iconic city form. This paper examines how this system’s reception and subsequent translation of transmitted data signals into digital information not only presents new material to mediate people’s engagement with public space, but moreover, how it presents new opportunities for the designer to materialize its three-dimensional form within the spatial ambiguity of virtual and real-time environments.
Time and Frequency Analysis of Particle Swarm Trajectories for Cognitive Machines
Authors: Schor Dario , Kinsner Witold
Published: October 2011

This paper examines the inherited persistent behavior of particle swarm optimization and its implications to cognitive machines. The performance of the algorithm is studied through an average particle’s trajectory through the parameter space of the Sphere and Rastrigin function. The trajectories are decomposed into position and velocity along each dimension optimized. A threshold is defined to separate the transient period, where the particle is moving towards a solution using information about the position of its best neighbors, from the steady state reached when the particles explore the local area surrounding the solution to the system. Using a combination of time and frequency domain techniques, the inherited long-term dependencies that drive the algorithm are discerned. Experimental results show the particles balance exploration of the parameter space with the correlated goal oriented trajectory driven by their social interactions. The information learned from this analysis can be used to extract complexity measures to classify the behavior and control of particle swarm optimization, and make proper decisions on what to do next. This novel analysis of a particle trajectory in the time and frequency domains presents clear advantages of particle swarm optimization and inherent properties that make this optimization algorithm a suitable choice for use in cognitive machines.
Interactive Feature Visualization and Detection for 3D Face Classification
Authors: McLaughlin Jason , Fang Shiaofen , Jacobson Sandra W. , Hoyme H. Eugene , Robinson Luther , Foroud Tatiana
Published: October 2011

A new visual approach to the surface shape analysis and classification of 3D facial images is presented. It allows the users to visually explore the natural patterns and geometric features of 3D facial scans to provide decision-making information for face classification which can be used for the diagnosis of diseases that exhibit facial characteristics. Using surface feature analysis under a digital geometry analysis framework, the method employs an interactive feature visualization technique that allows interactive definition, modification and exploration of facial features to provide the best discriminatory power for a given classification problem. OpenGL based surface shading and interactive lighting are employed to generate visual maps of discriminatory features to visually represent the salient differences between labeled classes. This technique will be applied to a medical diagnosis application for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) which is known to exhibit certain facial patterns.
Role-Based Human-Computer Interactions
Authors: Zhu Haibin , Hou Ming
Published: October 2011

With increased understanding of cognitive informatics and the advance of computer technologies, it is becoming clear that human-computer interaction (HCI) is an interaction between two kinds of intelligences, i.e., natural intelligence and artificial intelligence. This paper attempts to clarify interaction-related terminologies through step-by-step definitions, and discusses the nature of HCI, arguing that shared models are the most important aspect of HCI. This paper also proposes that a role-based interaction can be taken as an appropriate shared model for HCI, i.e., Role-Based HCI.
Text Semantic Mining Model Based on the Algebra of Human Concept Learning
Authors: Zhang Jun , Luo Xiangfeng , He Xiang , Cai Chuanliang
Published: October 2011

Dealing with the large-scale text knowledge on the Web has become increasingly important with the development of the Web, yet it confronts with several challenges, one of which is to find out as much semantics as possible to represent text knowledge. As the text semantic mining process is also the knowledge representation process of text, this paper proposes a text knowledge representation model called text semantic mining model (TSMM) based on the algebra of human concept learning, which both carries rich semantics and is constructed automatically with a lower complexity. Herein, the algebra of human concept learning is introduced, which enables TSMM containing rich semantics. Then the formalization and the construction process of TSMM are discussed. Moreover, three types of reasoning rules based on TSMM are proposed. Lastly, experiments and the comparison with current text representation models show that the given model performs better than others.
Image Dimensionality Reduction Based on the Intrinsic Dimension and Parallel Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Lei Liang , Wang TongQing , Peng Jun , Yang Bo
Published: October 2011

In the research of Web content-based image retrieval, how to reduce more of the image dimensions without losing the main features of the image is highlighted. Many features of dimensional reduction schemes are determined by the breaking of higher dimensional general covariance associated with the selection of a particular subset of coordinates. This paper starts with analysis of commonly used methods for the dimension reduction of Web images, followed by a new algorithm for nonlinear dimensionality reduction based on the HSV image features. The approach obtains intrinsic dimension estimation by similarity calculation of two images. Finally, some improvements were made on the Parallel Genetic Algorithm (APGA) by use of the image similarity function as the self-adaptive judgment function to improve the genetic operators, thus achieving a Web image dimensionality reduction and similarity retrieval. Experimental results illustrate the validity of the algorithm.
Breaking the Ice
Authors: Stuart Lindsay H. , Remus Ulrich , Mills Annette M.
Published: October 2011

This case explores the challenges of implementing an enterprise system (ES) across a university with a diverse organizational culture. This teaching case describes the process through which Southern University sought to implement the Delta student management system (SMS) and the challenges encountered due to the university’s organizational culture. The project team ran into a change resistant culture with organizational units that enjoyed autonomy in their business processes. Rather than attend to various needs by customizing the system, the project team implemented a plain version of the system. Although this approach ensured the project team was able to complete the implementation on time and within budget, it left behind many dissatisfied users and organizational members, and created resistance within the organization toward the system. Therefore, this case provides opportunities for students to discuss the impact of organizational culture and user resistance on IS implementations as well as the merits and limitations of the strategies employed by the project team to ensure the new system was implemented on time and within budget.
Road Safety 2.0
Authors: Fink Dieter
Published: October 2011

The aim of this case study is first, to determine the extent to which web 2.0 can be the technology that would enable a strong relationship between government and its citizens to develop in managing road safety and second, to examine the endeavours of the WA Office of Road Safety (ORS) in fostering the relationship. It shows that in ORS’ road safety strategy for 2008-2020, community engagement is strongly advocated for the successful development and execution of its road safety plan but the potential of web 2.0 approaches in achieving it is not recognised. This would involve the use of blogs and RSS as suitable push strategies to get road safety information to the public. Online civic engagement would harness collective intelligence (‘the wisdom of crowds’) and, by enabling the public to annotate information on wikis, layers of value could be added so that the public become co-developers of road safety strategy and policy. The case identifies three major challenges confronting the ORS to become Road Safety 2.0 ready: how to gain the publics’ attention in competition with other government agencies, how to respond internally to online citizen engagement, and how to manage governmental politics.