bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dose-related effects of extracorporeal shock waves on orthodontic tooth movement in rabbits
Authors: Demir Onur , Arici Nursel
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this animal study is to investigate the quantitative effects of extracorporeal shock waves applied at two different impulses and with two different applicators on orthodontic tooth movement. Thirty-five New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups (n = 7): the four experimental extracorporeal shock wave groups—focused/500 impulses, focused/1000 impulses, unfocused/500 impulses, and unfocused/1000 impulses—and the control group. Orthodontic tooth movement was achieved by application of reciprocal force between two maxillary incisors. In the experimental groups, animals received 500 or 1000 impulses of extracorporeal shock waves at 0.19 mJ/mm2 with focused or unfocused applicators depending on the group to which they belonged. These experiments were conducted on days 0, 7, and 14. Orthodontic tooth movement was measured with 0.01 mm accuracy at one-week intervals. On days 7 and 21, the bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels were measured from blood samples. After 21 days, the animals were sacrificed and the area between the two maxillary incisors was stereologically examined. Orthodontic tooth movement in the focused/500 impulses and focused/1000 impulses groups was significantly increased compared to the control group. A significant difference in bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels between the unfocused/500 impulses and control groups was found at 21st day. Stereological analysis showed that there were significant increases of the formation of new bone, connective tissue, and vessels in the experimental groups. The application of extracorporeal shock waves, especially with a focused applicator, could accelerate orthodontic tooth movement.
Identification of epigenetic memory candidates associated with gestational age at birth through analysis of methylome and transcriptional data
Authors: Kashima Kohei , Kawai Tomoko , Nishimura Riki , Shiwa Yuh , Urayama Kevin Y. , Kamura Hiromi , Takeda Kazue , Aoto Saki , Ito Atsushi , Matsubara Keiko , Nagamatsu Takeshi , Fujii Tomoyuki , Omori Isaku , Shimizu Mitsumasa , Hyodo Hironobu , Kugu Koji , Matsumoto Kenji , Shimizu Atsushi , Oka Akira , Mizuguchi Masashi , Nakabayashi Kazuhiko , Hata Kenichiro , Takahashi Naoto
Published: February 2021

Preterm birth is known to be associated with chronic disease risk in adulthood whereby epigenetic memory may play a mechanistic role in disease susceptibility. Gestational age (GA) is the most important prognostic factor for preterm infants, and numerous DNA methylation alterations associated with GA have been revealed by epigenome-wide association studies. However, in human preterm infants, whether the methylation changes relate to transcription in the fetal state and persist after birth remains to be elucidated. Here, we identified 461 transcripts associated with GA (range 23–41 weeks) and 2093 candidate CpG sites for GA-involved epigenetic memory through analysis of methylome (110 cord blood and 47 postnatal blood) and transcriptional data (55 cord blood). Moreover, we discovered the trends of chromatin state, such as polycomb-binding, among these candidate sites. Fifty-four memory candidate sites showed correlation between methylation and transcription, and the representative corresponding gene wasUCN, which encodes urocortin.
Machine learning prediction models for prognosis of critically ill patients after open-heart surgery
Authors: Zhong Zhihua , Yuan Xin , Liu Shizhen , Yang Yuer , Liu Fanna
Published: February 2021

We aimed to build up multiple machine learning models to predict 30-days mortality, and 3 complications including septic shock, thrombocytopenia, and liver dysfunction after open-heart surgery. Patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery, aortic valve replacement, or other heart-related surgeries between 2001 and 2012 were extracted from MIMIC-III databases. Extreme gradient boosting, random forest, artificial neural network, and logistic regression were employed to build models by utilizing fivefold cross-validation and grid search. Receiver operating characteristic curve, area under curve (AUC), decision curve analysis, test accuracy, F1 score, precision, and recall were applied to access the performance. Among 6844 patients enrolled in this study, 215 patients (3.1%) died within 30 days after surgery, part of patients appeared liver dysfunction (248; 3.6%), septic shock (32; 0.5%), and thrombocytopenia (202; 2.9%). XGBoost, selected to be our final model, achieved the best performance with highest AUC and F1 score. AUC and F1 score of XGBoost for 4 outcomes: 0.88 and 0.58 for 30-days mortality, 0.98 and 0.70 for septic shock, 0.88 and 0.55 for thrombocytopenia, 0.89 and 0.40 for liver dysfunction. We developed a promising model, presented as software, to realize monitoring for patients in ICU and to improve prognosis.
Feasibility and safety of fine positioning needle-mediated breathing control in CT-guided percutaneous puncture of small lung/liver nodules adjacent to diaphragm
Authors: Wu Qingde , Cao Bihui , Zheng Yujin , Liang Baoxia , Liu Manting , Wang Lu , Zhang Jinling , Meng Liyan , Luo Shaoyong , He Xuxia , Zhang Zhenfeng
Published: February 2021

To assess the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of a separate inserted positioning fine needle-mediated breathing-control technique applied to computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous puncture for biopsy or microwave ablation (MWA) of small lung/liver nodules near diaphragm. Total 46 patients with pulmonary/liver small nodules (≤ 3 cm in size) near diaphragm(nodule within 1 cm distance to the diaphragm)were undergone percutaneous biopsy ( n = 15) or MWA (n = 31) under the guidance of CT, and a separate positioning fine needle-mediated breathing-control technique was applied for the precise punctures. CT plain scan was performed to monitor the complications after the procedure. The patient baseline data, operation details, successful rate, major complications as well as radiation dose during the procedure were recorded and analyzed. With the assistance of a fine positioning needle insertion for controlling the breathing, the puncture success rate for biopsy or MWA reached 91.30% (42/46). For biopsy, the mean nodule diameter, nodule distance to the diaphragm, puncture time and radiation dose during CT scan were 2.27 cm ± 0.74, 0.61 cm ± 0.24, 18.67 min ± 6.23, 28.84 mSv ± 6.99, respectively; For MWA, the mean nodule diameter, nodule distance to the diaphragm, puncture time and CT radiation dose were 2.35 cm ± 0.64, 0.69 cm ± 0.23, 38.71 min ± 13.65, 33.02 mSv ± 8.77, respectively. Totally, there were three and four cases found minimal puncture-related hemoptysis and pneumothorax needed no additional treatments, respectively. We recently developed and verified a feasible, safe and highly effective puncture technique with reasonable radiation dose for CT-guided biopsy or MWA for small nodules abutting diaphragm, therefore worthy of extensive application to similar clinical situations.
Urea-functionalized amorphous calcium phosphate nanofertilizers: optimizing the synthetic strategy towards environmental sustainability and manufacturing costs
Authors: Carmona Francisco J. , Dal Sasso Gregorio , Ramírez-Rodríguez Gloria B. , Pii Youry , Delgado-López José Manuel , Guagliardi Antonietta , Masciocchi Norberto
Published: February 2021

Nanosized fertilizers are the new frontier of nanotechnology towards a sustainable agriculture. Here, an efficient N-nanofertilizer is obtained by post-synthetic modification (PSM) of nitrate-doped amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanoparticles (NPs) with urea. The unwasteful PSM protocol leads to N-payloads as large as 8.1 w/w%, is well replicated by using inexpensive technical-grade reagents for cost-effective up-scaling and moderately favours urea release slowdown. Using the PSM approach, the N amount is ca. 3 times larger than that obtained in an equivalent one-pot synthesis where urea and nitrate are jointly added during the NPs preparation. In vivo tests on cucumber plants in hydroponic conditions show that N-doped ACP NPs, with half absolute N-content than in conventional urea treatment, promote the formation of an equivalent amount of root and shoot biomass, without nitrogen depletion. The high nitrogen use efficiency (up to 69%) and a cost-effective preparation method support the sustainable real usage of N-doped ACP as a nanofertilizer.
Frequency and visual outcomes of ocular toxoplasmosis in an adult Brazilian population
Authors: De Angelis Rafael Estevão , Veronese Rodrigues Maria de Lourdes , Passos Afonso Dinis Costa , Bollela Valdes Roberto , Freitas e Silva Milena Simões , Vieira Bárbara Regina , de Lucena Moisés Moura , Moralles Thais David , de Morais Vicente Luciana , de Melo Rocha Gutemberg , Jorge Rodrigo , Paula Jayter S. , Furtado João M.
Published: February 2021

Although ocular toxoplasmosis is a leading cause of posterior uveitis worldwide, there is scarce information about the real-life frequency of ocular lesions, visual outcomes, and risk factors for poor prognosis. We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study with 721 adults living in Cássia dos Coqueiros, Southeast Brazil, consisted of visual acuity measurement, dilated ocular examination, a risk-factor questionnaire, and peripheral blood collection for anti-T. gondii serology. Presumed toxoplasmic lesions were recorded on video and analyzed by experienced and masked ophthalmologists. Ocular toxoplasmosis was determined if at least one suspected lesion was appointed by two graders in the presence of positive anti-T. gondii serology. Forty-eight eyes (n = 42 participants; 6.7% among those with positive anti-T. gondii serology) with ocular toxoplasmosis were found. Most lesions were single (n = 28; 58.3%), peripheral (n = 34; 77.1%) and unilateral (85.7% of participants); no active lesions were found. Older age was associated with lesions larger than one-disc diameter (p = 0.047), and lower social stratum (OR: 2.89; CI 1.2–6.97; p = 0.018) was associated with the presence of toxoplasmic lesions. Although there were no differences in visual acuity between participants and eyes with or without ocular lesions (p > 0.05), unilateral blindness associated with ocular toxoplasmosis was identified in a reduced number of individuals.
The incidence of severe urinary tract infection increases after hip fracture in the elderly: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Lin Yi-Ching , Hsu Ya-Chu , Wu Wen-Tien , Lee Ru-Ping , Wang Jen-Hung , Chen Hao-Wen , Chen Ing-Ho , Yu Tzai-Chiu , Peng Cheng-Huan , Liu Kuan-Lin , Hsu Chung-Yi , Yeh Kuang-Ting
Published: February 2021

Although urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common perioperative complication among elderly patients with hip fracture, its incidence and effects are often underestimated. This study investigated the effects of severe UTI (S-UTI) on elderly patients with hip fracture and the risk factors for this condition. In this retrospective nationwide cohort study, we searched Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2012 for data on patients aged ≥ 50 years with hip fracture who underwent open reduction and internal fixation or hemiarthroplasty for comparison with healthy controls (i.e. individuals without hip fracture). The study and comparison cohorts were matched for age, sex, and index year at a 1:4 ratio. The incidence and hazard ratios of age, sex, and multiple comorbidities associated with S-UTI were calculated using Cox proportional hazard regression models. Among the 5774 and 23,096 patients in the study and comparison cohorts, the overall incidence of S-UTI per 100 person-years was 8.5 and 5.3, respectively. The risk of S-UTI was cumulative over time and higher in the study cohort than in the comparison cohort, particularly in those who were older, were female, or had comorbidities of cerebrovascular accident or chronic renal failure.
Usefulness of 3D-surgical guides in breast conserving surgery after neoadjuvant treatment
Authors: Lee Han Shin , Kim Hee Jeong , Chung Il Yong , Kim Jisun , Lee Sae Byul , Lee Jong Won , Son Byung Ho , Ahn Sei Hyun , Kim Hak Hee , Seo Joon Beom , Ahn Jin Hee , Gong Gyungyub , Lee Sangwook , Kim Namkug , Ko Beom Seok
Published: February 2021

We used 3D printed-breast surgical guides (3DP-BSG) to designate the original tumor area from the pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST). Targeting the original tumor area in such patients using conventional localization techniques is difficult. For precise BCS, a method that marks the tumor area found on MRI directly to the breast is needed. In this prospective study, patients were enrolled for BCS after receiving NST. Partial resection was performed using a prone/supine MRI-based 3DP-BSG. Frozen biopsies were analyzed to confirm clear tumor margins. The tumor characteristics, pathologic results, resection margins, and the distance between the tumor and margin were analyzed. Thirty-nine patients were enrolled with 3DP-BSG for BCS. The median nearest distance between the tumor and the resection margin was 3.9 cm (range 1.2–7.8 cm). Frozen sections showed positive margins in 4/39 (10.3%) patients. Three had invasive cancers, and one had carcinoma in situ; all underwent additional resection. Final pathology revealed clear margins. After 3-year surveillance, 3/39 patients had recurrent breast cancer. With 3DP-BSG for BCS in breast cancer patients receiving NST, the original tumor area can be identified and marked directly on the breast, which is useful for surgery. Trial Registration: Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) Identifier Number: KCT0002272. First registration number and date: No. 1 (27/04/2016).
Fragment-based covalent ligand discovery
Authors: Lu Wenchao , Kostic Milka , Zhang Tinghu , Che Jianwei , Patricelli Matthew P. , Jones Lyn H. , Chouchani Edward T. , Gray Nathanael S.
Published: February 2021

Covalent fragment-based ligand discovery greatly facilitates the discovery of useful fragments for drug discovery and helps unveil chemical-tractable biological targets in native biological systems.
Photoinduced intramolecular carbosulfonylation of alkynes: access to sulfone-containing dibenzazepines from sulfur dioxide
Authors: Yao Yanfang , Yin Ziqing , He Fu-Sheng , Qin Xuwei , Xie Wenlin , Wu Jie
Published: February 2021

A visible-light-driven three-component carbosulfonylation of terminal alkynes, DABCO (SO2)2 and aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates is developed, leading to sulfone-containing dibenzazepines in moderate to good yields under mild conditions.
The proximity of the G-quadruplex to hemin impacts the intrinsic DNAzyme activity in mitochondria
Authors: Zhang Jiayu , Song Xiaofang , Xia Miaoren , Xue Yanan , Zhou Mengxue , Ruan Lifo , Lu Huiru , Chen Jun , Wang Dongqi , Chai Zhifang , Hu Yi
Published: February 2021

The DNAzyme activity in mitochondria is modulated by the proximity and interaction modes of the G-quadruplex with hemin.
Spin-crossover induced ferromagnetism and layer stacking-order change in pressurized 2D antiferromagnet MnPS3
Authors: Zhang Hanxing , Niu Caoping , Zhang Jie , Zou Liangjian , Zeng Zhi , Wang Xianlong
Published: February 2021

Evolution of structure, magnetic moment, and magnetic coupling of MnPS3 under high pressure.
CO2methanation mechanism over Ni/Y2O3: anin situdiffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopic study
Authors: Hasan Masitah , Asakoshi Toshiki , Muroyama Hiroki , Matsui Toshiaki , Eguchi Koichi
Published: February 2021

CO2methanation proceeded over Ni/Al2O3viathe formation of CO species. Formate adsorbate served as the main intermediate for Ni/Y2O3.
The effect of spin polarization on the electron transport of molecular wires with diradical character
Authors: Ramos-Berdullas Nicolás , Gil-Guerrero Sara , Peña-Gallego Ángeles , Mandado Marcos
Published: February 2021

Spin polarized UDFT calculations reflect, contrary to RDFT, a decreasing conductance with length in molecular wires with diradical character. This method turns to be a good alternative to more expensive multireference post-SCF methods.
Heterotelechelic poly(propylene oxide) as migration-inhibited toughening agent in hot lithography based additive manufacturing
Authors: Grunenberg Daniel , Ehrmann Katharina , Gorsche Christian , Steyrer Bernhard , Koch Thomas , Stampfl Jürgen , Liska Robert
Published: February 2021

Linking an addition–fragmentation-chain-transfer (AFCT) functionality and methacrylate moietyviapoly(propylene oxide)-oligomer within one molecule creates a non-migrating AFCT-reagent aiding network-homogeneity.
Design of polyazamacrocyclic Gd3+ theranostic agents combining magnetic resonance imaging and two-photon photodynamic therapy
Authors: Abad Galán Laura , Hamon Nadège , Nguyen Christophe , Molnár Enikő , Kiss János , Mendy Jonathan , Hadj-Kaddour Kamel , Onofre Mélanie , Trencsényi György , Monnereau Cyrille , Beyler Maryline , Tircsó Gyula , Gary-Bobo Magali , Maury Olivier , Tripier Raphaël
Published: February 2021

New “all-in-one” theranostic systems, combining a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent with a biphotonic photodynamic therapy photosensitiser generating cytotoxic singlet oxygen, were successfully developed and characterized.
Preparation of conductive self-healing hydrogels via an interpenetrating polymer network method
Authors: Wang Huan-Jung , Chu Yi-Zuo , Chen Chen-Kang , Liao Yi-Shun , Yeh Mei-Yu
Published: February 2021

A new type of conductive interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel exhibited self-healing reversibility mechanically and electrically when cut and self-healed, making it possible to apply in soft and conformable electronics.
The topic-specific nature of experienced chemistry teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge in the topics of interactions between chemical species and states of matter
Authors: Gencer Sinem , Akkus Huseyin
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine the topic-specific nature of two experienced chemistry teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) in the topics of interactions between chemical species and states of matter. The teachers’ PCK on these topics was investigated in terms of the following components: orientations toward science teaching (OST), knowledge of curriculum (KoC), knowledge of instructional strategies (KoIS), knowledge of learner (KoL), and knowledge of assessment (KoA). Data for the study were collected over five months using multiple data collection tools, including semi-structured interviews, observations, card-sorting activity, and field notes. PCK is identified in the literature as a topic-specific knowledge. Similarly, chemistry teachers’ PCKs in this study were found to be topic-specific in the topics of interactions between chemical species and states of matter. However, it was seen that some dimensions of the PCK components were not topic-specific. The results indicated that one of the participants’ OST was topic-specific, while the other's was not topic-specific. Further, it was determined that the participants focused on abstract nature in the topic of interactions between chemical species, but they focused on daily life examples in the topic of states of matter. To overcome the students’ difficulties and misconceptions, the participants highlighted abstract nature in the topic of interactions between chemical species and familiar examples in the topic of states of matter. Their KoC differed in terms of relations with other disciplines and curriculum sequence across the topics. Lastly, it was found that the participants’ KoAs consisted of general pedagogical knowledge for both topics. In the light of the results of this study, implications are stated and suggestions on improving the understanding of the topic-specific nature of PCK are provided for in-service chemistry education, pre-service chemistry teacher education, and chemistry education researchers.
Universal and high-fidelity DNA single nucleotide polymorphism detection based on a CRISPR/Cas12a biochip
Authors: Chen Yong , Mei Yixin , Jiang Xingyu
Published: February 2021

A universal and high-fidelity genotyping method based on the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) system was performed on the microfluidic point-of-care equipment.
On the use of catalysis to bias reaction pathways in out-of-equilibrium systems
Authors: van der Helm Michelle P. , de Beun Tuanke , Eelkema Rienk
Published: February 2021

We show, via simulations, how catalytic control over individual paths in a fuel-driven non-equilibrium chemical reaction network in batch or flow gives rise to responses in maximum conversion, lifetime and steady states.
Micron-sized iron oxide functionalized with hydrophobic mesoporous sheets for the Ni–Fe battery
Authors: Xiao Yicong , Ding Ruimin , Cui Xinmin , Wang Huixiang , Wang Liancheng , Wang MengChao , Niu Baolong , Lv Baoliang
Published: February 2021

Micron-sized Fe3O4 functionalized by a hydrophobic mesoporous structure accelerates the exposure of active sites and alleviates volume expansion to enhance Ni–Fe battery performance.
Enhanced thermoelectric performance of band structure engineered GeSe1−xTex alloys
Authors: Sidharth D. , Alagar Nedunchezhian A. S. , Akilan R. , Srivastava Anup , Srinivasan Bhuvanesh , Immanuel P. , Rajkumar R. , Yalini Devi N. , Arivanandhan M. , Liu Chia-Jyi , Anbalagan G. , Shankar R. , Jayavel R.
Published: February 2021

The power factor of GeSe enhanced and thermal conductivity decreased by Te substitution and thereby, GeSe0.80Te0.20 exhibits high ZT.
Selective electroreduction of CO2 to carbon-rich products with a simple binary copper selenide electrocatalyst
Authors: Saxena Apurv , Liyanage Wipula , Masud Jahangir , Kapila Shubhender , Nath Manashi
Published: February 2021

Simple, binary Cu2Se has been reported for electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction leading to the production of carbon rich products at low applied potentials with high product selectivity.
Quantifying and modeling of stress-driven short-circuits in lithium-ion batteries in electrified vehicles
Authors: Liu Binghe , Duan Xudong , Yuan Chunhao , Wang Lubing , Li Jiani , Finegan Donal P. , Feng Bill , Xu Jun
Published: February 2021

This study identifies the minor and major short circuits of cells upon various mechanical abusive loadings and establishes the internal short circuit criteria for typical formats of batteries.
Lanthanum nanocluster/ZIF-8 for boosting catalytic CO2/glycerol conversion using MgCO3 as a dehydrating agent
Authors: Hu Chechia , Chang Chien-Wei , Yoshida Masaaki , Wang Ke-Hsuan
Published: February 2021

La/ZIF-8 was effective in converting CO2/glycerol to glycerol carbonate. La3+–O2− pairs of La2O3 on ZIF-8 could strengthen the Lewis basicity and acidity. MgCO3 could physically adsorb water molecules as a dehydrating agent.
Applying machine learning to boost the development of high-performance membrane electrode assembly for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Ding Rui , Ding Yiqin , Zhang Hongyu , Wang Ran , Xu Zihan , Liu Yide , Yin Wenjuan , Wang Jiankang , Li Jia , Liu Jianguo
Published: February 2021

A comprehensive machine learning workflow consisting of feature selection, decision modeling, regression modeling, and extremum optimization was set up to give predictions based on big-data, bringing revolutionary changes to labor-intensive fields.
Constructing a biomimetic nanocomposite with the in situ deposition of spherical hydroxyapatite nanoparticles to induce bone regeneration
Authors: Song Tao , Zhao Fengxin , Wang Yuyi , Li Dongxiao , Lei Ning , Li Xiangfeng , Xiao Yumei , Zhang Xingdong
Published: February 2021

Spherical hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with uniform size were homogeneously deposited in a gelatin matrix using an innovative in situ precipitation method.
A novel mechanism for understanding the strong enhancement of photoluminescence quantum yield in large-area monolayer MoS2 grown by CVD
Authors: Madapu Kishore K. , Bhuyan C. Abinash , Srivastava S. K. , Dhara Sandip
Published: February 2021

The photoluminescence quantum yield (QY) of monolayer MoS2 is dependent on its heat-dissipating area, which elucidates that it is essential to understand the effect of intrinsic properties on QY before seeking surface treatments for its improvement.
Advantages of naphthalene as a building block for organic solid state laser dyes: smaller energy gaps and enhanced stability
Authors: Oyama Yuya , Mamada Masashi , Kondo Akihiro , Adachi Chihaya
Published: February 2021

The introduction of naphthalene units into a stilbene structure improves not only the PL quantum yield but also stability. The emission wavelength is redshifted upon π-extension, resulting in the realization of excellent green laser dyes.
Acetylenic bond-driven efficient hydrogen production of a graphdiyne based catalyst
Authors: Bai Ling , Zheng Zhiqiang , Wang Zhongqiang , He Feng , Xue Yurui , Wang Ning
Published: February 2021

3D acetylenic bonds distributing makes tetraphenyl methane substitute graphdiyne (TPM-GDY) show more active sites and high hydrogen evolution reaction performance.
Rated-M for mesocosm: allowing the multimodal analysis of mature root systems in 3D
Authors: Dowd Tyler , McInturf Samuel , Li Mao , Topp Christopher N.
Published: February 2021

A plants’ water and nutrients are primarily absorbed through roots, which in a natural setting is highly dependent on the 3-dimensional configuration of the root system, collectively known as root system architecture (RSA). RSA is difficult to study due to a variety of factors, accordingly, an arsenal of methods have been developed to address the challenges of both growing root systems for imaging, and the imaging methods themselves, although there is no ‘best’ method as each has its own spectrum of trade-offs. Here, we describe several methods for plant growth or imaging. Then, we introduce the adaptation and integration of three complementary methods, root mesocosms, photogrammetry, and electrical resistance tomography (ERT). Mesocosms can allow for unconstrained root growth, excavation and preservation of 3-dimensional RSA, and modularity that facilitates the use of a variety of sensors. The recovered root system can be digitally reconstructed through photogrammetry, which is an inexpensive method requiring only an appropriate studio space and a digital camera. Lastly, we demonstrate how 3-dimensional water availability can be measured using ERT inside of root mesocosms.
Rate coefficients for H2:H2
inelastic collisions in the ground vibrational state from 10 to 1000 K
Authors: Hernández M. I. , Tejeda G. , Fernández J. M. , Montero S.
Published: February 2021

Aims. In this work, we present a pruned set of state-to-state rate coefficients (STS rates) for inelastic H2:H2 collisions in the thermal range from 10 to 1000 K. The set includes all relevant rates needed for diagnostics based on the simulation of quadrupole infrared spectra of H2.

Methods. The reported set was obtained from a quantum scattering close-coupling calculation employing a recent version of the MOLSCAT code, a high-level potential energy surface, and rotational energies of the H2 molecules with spectroscopic accuracy. These improvements have led to a significant increase in the accuracy with respect to previous computational results. The accuracy of the present STS rates is tested against recently reported experimental rates. Most dominant rates agree with the experiment within a 2σ uncertainty (2 to 6%).

Results. In addition to the tables given in the main text, three machine-readable tables are available at the CDS. These tables include all the relevant numerical results of the paper, namely, the excitation and de-excitation STS rates for H2:H2 inelastic collisions at selected temperatures between 10 and 1000 K, and their functional description for interpolation at any intermediate temperature.
Safety analysis of energy storage station based on DFMEA
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Qingshan , Chen Yan , Li Yan , He Zhenyu , Wang Tianqi , Wu Xijin
Published: February 2021

In order to ensure the normal operation and personnel safety of energy storage station, this paper intends to analyse the potential failure mode and identify the risk through DFMEA analysis method, and then through the targeted treatment of potential risk items, formulate effective design prevention countermeasures and personnel emergency measures, so as to improve the energy storage station. The reliability of the battery can reduce the safety risk and ensure the safe operation of energy storage station.
Research on carbon emission potential of electric vehicles and fuel vehicles
Authors: Zhou Qiang , Liu Wanfu , Qi Wuqin
Published: February 2021

Electric vehicles are considered as a effective tool for energy conservation and emission reduction, Because of its zero direct carbon emissions. However, thermal power generation accounts for a large proportion in China's power generation structure, so the indirect carbon emissions of electric vehicles must be considered. In order to further study the carbon emission potential of electric vehicles compared with traditional fuel vehicles, the direct carbon emission of fuel vehicles and the indirect carbon emission of battery electric vehicles were calculated. The results show that the carbon reduction effect of electric vehicles is obvious, and the coal power technology and the energy structure of power generation have great influence on the carbon reduction potential of electric vehicles. Based on this, suggestions are put forward to promote electric vehicles and fully release their emission reduction potential from the aspects of enhancing consumers' perception of social value, improving energy structure and improving coal power technology.
Microstructure evolution of low alloy wear resistant steels during heat treatment procedure
Authors: Li Tianming , Zhang Wenfeng , Liu Zhong , Liu Xiaogang , Xiong Wei
Published: February 2021

Microstructure evolution of low alloy wear resistant steels during heat treatment procedure was studied in this paper. The results showed that During furnace cooling in homogenizing, Chromium/iron, Niobium, Vanadium and other hardly soluble carbides formed. But Chromium/iron carbides could resolve into austenite during quenching procedure, while the other carbides barely changed. Carbon addition grew the carbides into shuttle shapes and inflated the austenite grains. But Ni addition broadened the martensite lath width without dilating the austenite grains. And it hardly influenced the carbides formation. Vanadium addition seemed that the martensite lathes were cut into several discontinues sections. With the temperature rising, the boundaries got blurred, which might correlated with the decomposing of retained austenite.
The Application of Piezocone Penetration Test (CPTU) in Water Area Hydrogeological Investigation
Authors: Gu Xueying , Jiang Yukun , Zhou Lihong
Published: February 2021

Piezocone penetration test device imported from the Netherlands was used to conduct pore pressure dissipation tests at 4 measuring points in 2 holes in the water area of Sutong GIL utility tunnel project. After dissipation, stable pore pressure was used to analyse groundwater pressure and further obtain the height of groundwater head. This method provides a successful solution for in-situ stratification testing of groundwater parameters in water area engineering, and provides reliable hydrologic parameters such as groundwater pressure for structure design and construction
The invention relates to a method and a device for detecting the drainage flow rate of a hidden water tank
Authors: Zhou Wenjin , Wang Yanlong , Chen Wenbin , Wang Ying
Published: February 2021

The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting the drainage flow rate of a hidden water tank. The method of real-time communication between electronic scale load-bearing device and profinet is proposed to realize the detection of drainage flow. The device consists of electronic scale load-bearing device, high-speed electronic scale acquisition module, PLC lower computer, touch screen man-machine interaction layer and so on. The device achieves fast detection response time and ensures sample integrity. It also avoid the problem of slow response of the input type liquid level sensor and inconvenient installation of magnetostrictive liquid level sensor.
Evaluation method of clean power grid development mode
Authors: Jiao Bingqi , Xu Zhicheng , Zheng Kuan , Yan Xiaoqing , Feng Junshu
Published: February 2021

In response to the climate change, it has been becoming the consensus of most countries in the world to accelerate the development of a high proportion of clean energy. The power grid is the core to support the development of a high proportion of clean energy, and the key is to accelerate the construction of clean power grids. This paper focuses on the main characteristics of clean power grid construction, and proposes a set of clean power grid development evaluation indicators including 5 first-level indicators and 19 second-level indicators and an analysis method based on radar charts. Taking China Power Grid as an example, this paper analyzes in detail the characteristics of the medium and long-term development mode of clean power grids and the relative change trends of specific indicators, and discusses the key links and potential problems that need attention in the development of clean power grids.
Optimal scheduling of Park level integrated energy system considering electrothermal coupling
Authors: Dunnan LIU , Yuan Gao , Lingxiang Wang , Jiahao Liang , Zhenyu Wang , Hua Zhang Jian , Jiang Hu Chun
Published: February 2021

Considering the inherent characteristics of the park heating load, such as transmission delay, fuzzy heating comfort, etc., it can be used as a flexible load to participate in the optimal scheduling. Aiming at the minimum operation cost of the integrated energy system in the park, a collaborative optimal scheduling model of the park's integrated energy system with the participation of comprehensive demand response of electric heating load is constructed. The simulation results show that, compared with the optimization results of traditional power demand response, the application of integrated demand response of electric heating load improves the flexibility of production of cogeneration units in the park, reduces the total energy consumption cost of demand side users and the operation cost of the system on the premise of ensuring the balance of supply and demand of the system, improves the energy utilization efficiency, and realizes the environmental protection and economy of the system function.
Optimal Charging Strategy of Electric Vehicles with Consideration of Battery Storage
Authors: Zou Dazhong , Meng Da , Dai Yinping , Lu Shuai , Xie Huan
Published: February 2021

The high penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) will increase burden of a power grid. However, the expansion of capacity of distribution facilities is not always possible, especially in some old residential community. This paper proposes to use an optimal charging strategy of EVs with additional battery energy storage (BES) to improve the charging capabilities in a residential community. By modeling the EV charging behavior, the required charging capacity is evaluated using Monte Carlo method and the BES size is determined as the difference between the required capacity and the distribution capacity. An optimal charging strategy is then proposed to reduce the charging cost and ensure the safe running of distribution network.
Analysis of the Optimization on Application of Seawater Slurry Ice in Coastal Areas
Authors: Fang Yunrui , Hua Linhui , Jin ChengKun , Gao Junkai , Han Zhi
Published: February 2021

Cold Storage is a key point of cold chain logistics. In this article, the cooling capacities of water, slurry ice and seawater slurry ice were compared, and results showed that both slurry ice performed better than water. Furthermore, differences between seawater ice and slurry ice were analyzed, and experimental results showed that seawater ice has more advantages as coolant for cold storage in the coastal areas. On the basis of the study, we put forward a new design of high temperature cold storage for coastal areas (inland cities).
Research on the Shape of Automobile Face Based on Cultural Translation
Authors: Zhang Xueyuan , Huang Liqing , Li Mingzhu
Published: February 2021

Based on the concept of cultural translation, aiming at the application status and problems of traditional cultural elements in automobile styling design, analyzing the mapping relationship between traditional cultural levels and cultural creative design elements, and constructing a cultural translation model. Sort out the process and method of extracting typical cultural elements from the material layer, organization layer and concept layer of traditional culture and transform them into detail points, characteristic lines and modeling surfaces, and analyze and summarize the existing automobile face design cases.
Study on migration and change of petroleum pollutants in soil and pollution evaluation with data mining technology
Authors: Lijuan Gao
Published: February 2021

To study the migration and variation rule of petroleum pollutants in soil and evaluate the soil condition, the field investigation is carried out in a refinery in Yunnan Province and the relevant data are collected. Then, soil sampling and leaching experiments are carried out on the land in the refinery. Finally, the experimental data are sorted out. The experimental results show that the pollution of surface soil in refinery is the most serious. Because of the adsorb-ability of the soil, the content of petroleum pollutants in the deep soil is less. The results of leaching experiments show that the diffusion process of petroleum pollutants is greatly affected by random factors in horizontal diffusion. In the vertical direction, the depth of soil will reduce the diffusion speed of petroleum pollutants. This exploration provides a reference for the study of the migration and variation rule of petroleum pollutants in soil.
Low carbon economy and agricultural development
Authors: Liu Qian , Xu Zhili , Hao Zhengyang
Published: February 2021

With the continuous development of China's industry, we improve the economy at the same time, also has a certain impact on the environment, and agriculture and the environment have a direct relationship. Therefore, it is necessary to develop low-carbon economy, which is an important way to promote agriculture forward. However, there are still some problems in the development of low-carbon agriculture in China, which need people to actively study, not only need to innovate technology, but also need to improve the system. This paper first describes the content of low-carbon agriculture, and then describes the development model of lowcarbon agriculture in China, understand the problems in the development, and finally explain the development strategy, to provide reference for relevant researchers.
Greening Design of Urban Semi-underground Space
Authors: Yu Chen
Published: February 2021

Urban space greening is of great significance for improving urban underground space environment. At present, the design of urban underground space in China mostly involves the design of underground space. However, very rare research has been conducted on the design of semi-underground space greening to date. Through case study and survey research, this study focuses on the design of domestic semi-underground space, the preliminary semi-underground space greening design scheme, and the concrete implementation process of the semi-underground public space green wall greening design. The current study employs the green wall project in a semi-underground space environment as an example to illustrate the application of greening design in urban semi-underground space, and provide guidance for future ecological design of semiunderground public space.
Design of Management System under Fully Liberalizing the Power Generation and Utilization Plans for Operating Power Users
Authors: Liu Dunnan , Dong Zhixin
Published: February 2021

In June 2019, the National Development and Reform Commission announced the “Notice on Fully Liberalizing the Power Generation and Utilization Plans for Operating Power Users”. With the liberalization of power generation and utilization plans for operating power users, the number of market entities participating in cross-province and cross-region transactions and the scale of transactions have increased, and power trading services are facing severe challenges. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the power market transaction management system and platform. There is an urgent need to build a multidimensional interactive power trading service system, to sort out and improve the business processes of market entity registration, transaction, settlement, and performance guarantee. And it is vital through the comprehensive upgrade and improvement of the trading platform functions to ensure the surge in marketoriented business demand. In addition, a market entity credit management system and contract performance evaluation mechanism should be established to strictly regulate the order of transactions in the electricity market.
Research on the Improved Least Squares Reverse Time Migration Imaging Method
Authors: Zhang Xiaodan , Liu Dongxiao , Liu Guizhong , Gou Haiyang , Li Rui , Zhang Zhiyu , Cui Lin
Published: February 2021

An improved Least Squares Reverse Time Migration (LSRTM) method is proposed in the paper, which can effectively improve convergence speed and imaging accuracy. Firstly, the key techniques in the implementation of LSRTM are discussed. Secondly, a condition factor is introduced in the iteration process of conjugate gradient method. Finally, the imaging effect and performance of the algorithm are analyzed. The experiment results indicate that it can speed up the convergence speed and improve the convergence accuracy, so as to improve the imaging effect. Compared with the conventional LSRTM, the data residual of improved LSRTM can be reduced by about 5%.
The innovative mode of music culture industry is explored under the background of “Internet Plus”
Authors: Xu Weidong
Published: February 2021

Culture is the embodiment of a country's social style, as a country’s spiritual embodiment, culture can not only bring economic benefits to a country, but also can show a country’s social style, the role of culture can not be underestimated. Therefore, this paper is mainly based on the “Internet plus” background of the music and cultural industry innovation model to explore. Mainly for two aspects of research and discussion, the first is the current music and cultural industry facing the development of challenges; the second is the current music and cultural industry innovation model and innovative thinking. At the same time, I hope that enterprises can play a certain role in innovation inspiration. It is hoped that this paper can provide a little reference for the relevant research, so as to lay a solid foundation for the development of the relevant music and cultural industry.
Comparison of secondary equipment redundancy configuration of smart substations in China and overseas
Authors: Yuan Hao , Chen Min , Qu Gang , Gao Zhiyuan , Qiu Yutao
Published: February 2021

This paper introduces the overseas smart substation technology scheme, describes the communication network architecture and equipment redundancy configuration in the typical overseas test smart substation scheme, and compares the similarities and differences between China’s smart substation redundancy configuration technology and the overseas smart substation configuration technology. The distribution of measurement and control functions of overseas smart substations that are different from China’s designs are explained in detail. The different architectures of overseas smart substations and China’s smart substations are illustrated. Finally, the suggestions of overseas Smart Substation and China’s smart substation are summarized.
Impacts of stress on employees job performance in Hawassa Industrial Park, Ethiopia
Authors: Mengistu Girma Melese , Jinxing Hao
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to explore the impacts of stress on employees’ job performance with a specific focus on Hawasa Industrial Park in Ethiopia. Data was collected through key interviews, household survey and field observation. For the survey, 394 randomly selected respondents were interviewed. The results indicate that the dependent variable (job performance) related positively with education (EDU), working experience (WEX) and age (Age). The relation between gender and job performance is negative but insignificant since the value of betta coefficient is greater than 0.05. Based on this result, working experience showing a higher value (r= .438, p<.01) followed by education (r= .114, p<.05) and age (r= .032, p<.05). We identified that workload (18%), conflict at work (29%), role ambiguity (20%) and resource inadequacy (33%) are reported as the major causes of stress in the organization. Hence, this study suggests awareness creation campaigns for all the working staffs including the management are necessary to at least reduce stress and low performance of organization.
Basic Solutions of Three Dimensional Elasticity
Authors: Zhang Wx
Published: February 2021

Elastic calculation method is an important research content of computational mechanics. The problems of elasticity include basic equations and boundary conditions. Therefore, the final solution consists of the general solutions of the basic equations and the special solutions satisfying the boundary conditions. Numerical method is often used in practical calculation, but the analytical solution is also an important subject for researchers. In this paper, the basic solution of three-dimensional elastic materials is given by theoretical derivation.
Discussion On The Ideological And Political Course Of The Basic Course Of Management Specialty Under The Background Of Internet
Authors: Li Shanshan , Gao Xiang , Duan Xiaoyun
Published: February 2021

With the rapid development of Internet technology, people's learning and life model has also undergone major changes. The immediacy and efficiency of Internet in information dissemination not only narrow the distance between people, but also change the traditional teaching mode. As the main force of the future economic market, the college students of economic management have strong dependence and interest on Internet technology. Colleges and universities should make full use of the learning interests and characteristics of students majoring in economics and management. In addition to cultivating students' economic mind and economic thinking, they should also cultivate students' comprehensive literacy from the point of view of creating people by virtue. Make it set up a good view of material and life values.
The Analysis of Evolutionary Path of Research Topics on the Field of Visualization of International Cultural Heritage Information Since the 21st Century
Authors: Luo Fang , Dai Xiangdong , Huang Yanli
Published: February 2021

This paper has retrieved 979 literatures in the field of visualization of cultural heritage information between 2000 and 2020 from Web Of Science core collection. With the keys words as the unit of analysis, cluster analysis and co-word analysis as the research methods and SciMAT as the tool, it has identified research highlights and evolution paths in different periods. The research has found that research topics vary a lot in different periods. Part of the thematic studies are strongly related in sequence, the evolutionary relations between topics gradually become complex in the middle and latter period, and 5 evolution paths are presented in general. System is the main research interests and will continue to be the research highlights. Museum becomes a fundamental topic with great potential in the field after continuous integration and regeneration. 3-D visualization, with the largest time span and various research contents, is the fundamental topic in the field.