bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemetaan Arsip Tokoh Masyarakat Desa sebagai Bentuk Pelestarian Pengetahuan di Daerah Bekas Distrik Comal
Authors: Bramantya Arif Rahman , Rakhmawati Rina , Effendhie Machmoed
Published: January 2023

Kajian ini menjelaskan tentang pemetaan arsip tokoh masyarakat dan pemimpin desa Karangbrai yang merupakan salah satu desa bekas distrik Comal. Dalam konteks masyarakat desa, penokohan seseorang dapat dilakukan melalui jalur sejarah lisan dari generasi ke generasi. Selain itu, arsip foto juga memiliki peran vital dalam mendukung visualisasi tradisi lisan tersebut. Data yang digunakan dalam kajian ini berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari observasi partisipasi dan wawancara, sedangkan data sekunder berupa bahan pustaka, baik berupa buku, jurnal, maupun media massa. Kesimpulan dari kajian ini adalah strategi seleksi dan penilaian arsip personal dilakukan dengan kombinasi pendekatan neo-dokumentasi dan total archives yang terdiri dari tahapan observasi, pemetaan arsip, dan oral history. Adapun strategi diseminasi hasil dokumentasi yaitu dengan mengoptimalkan sistem informasi desa. Hasil dokumentasi mampu menghadirkan keunikan dari identitas masyarakat suatu daerah. Pelestarian pengetahuan merupakan bukti identitas masyarakat yang dapat menghubungkan memori dari generasi di masa lalu dengan generasi selanjutnya.
Prawa (Dādušy z) Ešnunny
Authors: Tyborowski Witold
Published: January 2023

Prawa Ešnunny, których autorstwo można obecnie z dużym prawdopodobieństwem przypisać Dadušy, władcy tego państwa z przełomu XIX i XVIII w. p.n.e., są najstarszym zbiorem prawnym spisanym w języku akadyjskim. Nie zachowały się one na oryginalnej steli, jak Prawa Hammurabiego, lecz na odpisach na trzech glinianych tabliczkach odkrytych w XX w., które obejmują tylko część oryginalnego tekstu. Zachowane paragrafy dotyczą przede wszystkim spraw gospodarczych i rodzinnych, w czym co do materii w znacznej mierze pokrywają się z przepisami Praw Hammurabiego. Z tego względu w nauce niejednokrotnie podnoszono tezę o wzajemnym pokrewieństwie obu zbiorów jako monumentów prawnych. Jednak patrząc na język Praw Ešnunny i Praw Hammurabiego, można stwierdzić, że pierwszy zbiór, spisany kilkadziesiąt lat przed drugim, nie wywarł nań znaczącego, a może wręcz żadnego wpływu, a podobne sprawy i ich rozstrzygnięcia wskazują raczej na pokrewieństwo praw zwyczajowych w obu krajach, Ešnunnie i Babilonii.
Kina dla Niemców w okupowanym Krakowie na tle kin dla Polaków: polityka repertuarowa i preferencje filmowe widzów
Authors: Dębski Andrzej
Published: January 2023

Research on film culture in the General Government has not yet addressed the issue of Germans going to cinemas. This article aims to ll this gap. But the topic is particularly interesting from a comparative perspective, both in relation to the film offerings in cinemas for Germans and Poles and the film tastes of the two audience groups, which in the period before the outbreak of the World War II were characterized by distinct preference profiles. This article compares the film offer and film preferences of Germans and Poles in Krakow, which was the capital of the General Government. This issue is presented against the background of more recent research on the functioning of cinemas and film distribution in the Third Reich, as well as archival material relating to the General Government.
β3 adrenergic agonism: A novel pathway which improves right ventricular‐pulmonary arterial hemodynamics in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Karimi Galougahi Keyvan , Zhang Yunjia , Kienzle Vivian , Liu Chia‐Chi , Quek Lake‐Ee , Patel Sanjay , Lau Edmund , Cordina Rachael L. , Figtree Gemma A. , Celermajer David S.
Published: January 2023

Efficacy of therapies that target the downstream nitric oxide (NO) pathway in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) depends on the bioavailability of NO. Reduced NO level in PAH is secondary to “uncoupling” of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Stimulation of β3 adrenergic receptors (β3 ARs) may lead to the recoupling of NOS and therefore be beneficial in PAH. We aimed to examine the efficacy of β3 AR agonism as a novel pathway in experimental PAH. In hypoxia (5 weeks) and Sugen hypoxia (hypoxia for 5 weeks + SU5416 injection) models of PAH, we examined the effects of the selective β3 AR agonist CL316243. We measured echocardiographic indices and invasive right ventricular (RV)–pulmonary arterial (PA) hemodynamics and compared CL316243 with riociguat and sildenafil. We assessed treatment effects on RV–PA remodeling, oxidative stress, and eNOS glutathionylation, an oxidative modification that uncouples eNOS. Compared with normoxic mice, RV systolic pressure was increased in the control hypoxic mice (p < 0.0001) and Sugen hypoxic mice (p < 0.0001). CL316243 reduced RV systolic pressure, to a similar degree to riociguat and sildenafil, in both hypoxia (p < 0.0001) and Sugen hypoxia models (p < 0.03). CL316243 reversed pulmonary vascular remodeling, decreased RV afterload, improved RV–PA coupling efficiency and reduced RV stiffness, hypertrophy, and fibrosis. Although all treatments decreased oxidative stress, CL316243 significantly reduced eNOS glutathionylation. β3 AR stimulation improved RV hemodynamics and led to beneficial RV–PA remodeling in experimental models of PAH. β3 AR agonists may be effective therapies in PAH.
Tumorigenesis from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yu Junjie , Pajvani Utpal B.
Published: January 2023

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with metabolic syndrome is increasing to be a main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanism of tumorigenesis in NASH induced HCC is still not clear. In this perspective, we will discuss the recent progress that has been made to understand the genetic change and the immune microenvironment of HCC, and the remaining questions. Based on the current study, NASH-HCC is likely to have novel mechanism, which needs more investigation in future.
Conceptual Standard for Veneer Tie Testing
Authors: Bennett Richard M. , Hochwalt John M. , McGinley W. Mark , Thompson Jason J.
Published: January 2023

The Masonry Society committee in charge of the publication Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures, TMS 402, rewrote the chapter containing provisions for masonry veneer in the 2022 edition. One change incorporated in this new chapter was an engineered method for anchored veneer design. A key design criterion of the engineered design method is that the designer know the veneer tie stiffness and strength. However, there is no standard method for testing veneer ties that captures these properties. This paper proposes a conceptual standard for veneer tie testing. In this proposed test method, the measured ultimate load of the tie is based on the peak strength, or the load at a defined deformation. The nominal tie strength is then related to the 75th percent confidence level of the 5th-percentile value using a lognormal distribution. The stiffness is determined as a secant stiffness between two load levels. For adjustable ties, the test configuration is important, as both the strength and stiffness can vary significantly depending on the configuration. A procedure to determine a single representative strength and stiffness for design is presented, with these quantities being representative of the average tie strength for various configurations, and with an ultimate strength being limited to 1.5 times the strength determined at the configuration that results in the lowest nominal strength.
Use of Steel Fibers with Active Enamel Coating for Lap Spice Confinement in Masonry Walls
Authors: McGinley W. Mark , Kolisnichenko Maria
Published: January 2023

Steel with a patented active porcelain enamel coating was shown to improve the bond between the concrete and steel reinforcement as well as its corrosion resistance. This technology has been applied to steel fibers that reinforce concrete systems with significant improvements in performance. Preliminary testing indicated that active ceramic coatings on small-diameter wire significantly improved the bond between the wires and concrete to the point where the wires achieved yield before pullout with no negative effect on their strength. As part of an investigation into the use of these coated wires, the effectiveness of these wires in confining lap splices in the grouted cores of reinforced masonry walls was investigated. This paper reports on the findings of this portion of the investigation and makes recommendations for this type of use.
Long-Term Effects of Penetrating Water Repellents on Limestone
Authors: Manglitz Julia E. Mathias , Kelley Kenneth V.
Published: January 2023

Clear penetrating sealers and water repellents (primarily silanes and siloxanes) have been used as masonry treatments for decades. These products, sold as relatively low-cost, beneficial chemicals, claim to slow or prevent soiling and water absorption, thus reducing future maintenance. Studies regarding the short-term effect of these products on individual constituent masonry components are available, but the long-term impact of their application to building assemblies is not well documented. The Oklahoma State Capitol was treated with such products twice, once in the 1960s and again in the 1980s. The Topeka Municipal Building is known to have been treated in the 1990s and possibly once before. Both buildings exhibit shallow but consistent depth subflorescence-induced exfoliation of limestone (Indiana, Silverdale, and Kasota) in areas with moisture intrusion. The persistent but variable hydrophobic properties imparted to Indiana limestone at the Oklahoma State Capitol by the use of penetrating sealers contributed to soiling and staining that included alkali staining, which is a permanent disfigurement and which has complicated recent cleaning operations. These conditions arise from decades-old decisions to apply clear penetrating sealers. Although both case study buildings are faced with limestone, the observed long-term issues may affect other types of natural and manufactured masonry. The condition of the exterior envelope of a building, both at the time of application and in the future, affects the performance of such sealers. Because it is not possible to remove penetrating sealers and water repellents, the potential for long-term harm should be carefully considered before deciding to apply them. This paper describes the factors that should be considered.
The Broader Use of ASTM C1324 as a Framework for Historical Mortar Analysis
Authors: Walsh John J. , Hartshorn Heather
Published: January 2023

Historical American masonry mortars differ markedly from their modern counterparts in composition, performance, and durability. An accurate identification of materials, design, and performance history is critical for evaluating historical masonry assemblies. ASTM C1324 provides a framework for a thorough compositional analysis of existing mortar. However, it has received unjust criticism based on the misconception that it is only applicable to modern materials. In fact, the standard's method portion incorporates analytical techniques that have been used since the eighteenth century. It is only the exemplary calculations that are geared toward modern mortars. Often overlooked is the explicit requirement for the work to be performed collaboratively by experienced petrographers and analytical chemists. Moreover, the document indicates that historic mortar formulations will require individual treatment. This paper discusses methods the authors have used to reverse-engineer North American mortars. It emphasizes the value of careful and informed petrographic analysis. It also discusses alternative preparation methods, chemical digestions, and calculation approaches with a focus on how these address the broader combination of possible binders, varying material solubilities, and the secondary chemical alterations that can confound typical assumptions of original material chemistry. Finally, we stress the use of error analysis to evaluate uncertainty in any reported composition. Even where a sample yields larger error bars, constraints are often sufficiently narrow to allow for an informed repair strategy. Perhaps more importantly, the transparency allows future peer review because many analyses remain with landmarked properties.
Conceptual Test Protocols for Measuring Carbon Sequestration of Manufactured Dry-Cast Concrete Products
Authors: Walloch Craig , Powers Laura , Broton Donald , Thompson Jason
Published: January 2023

Measuring the carbonation of cementitious materials has taken many forms over many decades. Objectives for understanding this chemical reaction with the atmosphere have varied. Some investigations have focused on quantifying the potential shrinkage of concrete as it carbonated to mitigate cracking, whereas other studies have measured changes in pH levels within the concrete and the resulting effects on the corrosion of embedded ferrous metals. Current market drivers, however, have shifted beyond the functional performance aspects of carbon sequestration of cement-based materials and are now placing much more emphasis on the embodied carbon, and potential carbon sequestration, of construction materials. The thesis of this investigation centers on the relatively porous nature of dry-cast concrete compared to wet-cast concrete, making it a potentially attractive candidate for carbon sequestration. While considerable research has been conducted on carbonation of wet-cast concrete, there has been limited research on quantifying carbon uptake in manufactured, dry-cast concrete products, including concrete masonry units (CMUs). Therefore, this research investigation was undertaken to develop and refine testing protocols that deliver repeatable, accurate measurement of the carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake of manufactured, dry-cast concrete products. This paper summarizes the testing methods used and the preliminary measurements of carbon sequestration of dry-cast CMUs sourced from multiple producers across North America. Raw materials and finished concrete products were characterized and analyzed using x-ray fluorescence and thermogravimetric analysis to quantify the amount of carbon sequestration that occurred over time due to the carbonation of the cementitious paste in the CMUs. Although testing associated with this project is still under way to define the long-term sequestration characteristics of dry-cast concrete, the 28-day (cradle-to-gate) carbon sequestration measured in this project averaged 1.30 lb/ft3 (21 kg/m3), a quantity significantly higher than would have been predicted using wet-cast concrete carbonation data.
The Use of Recycled Aggregates in the Production of Concrete Masonry Units: A Critical Review and a Statement on the Current Research Needs
Authors: Sarhat Salah R. , Rizwan Hamza Sheikh , Mirza Gibran , Green Mark F. , Banting Bennett
Published: January 2023

Concrete block masonry units (CBMUs) are the most commonly used building material in the construction industry. However, CBMUs are still produced from conventional materials like natural aggregates. Aggregate materials normally occupy about 70% of the CBMU volume. The excessive extraction of virgin aggregate depletes natural resources, destroys the habitats of many species, and affects the natural flow of streams in water bodies. At the same time, the amount of solid waste, including construction waste from the demolition of old buildings, continues to increase, leading to higher costs for disposing of these wastes in increasingly scarce landfill sites. One solution to address the growing solid waste challenge and to preserve natural aggregate resources from depletion is the adoption of large-scale recycling of glass, plastic, rubber, construction and demolition, and other solid wastes into aggregate that can be used in the production of CBMUs. This study presents a critical review of the latest research on using recycled aggregates in CBMU manufacturing. The physical, mechanical, and durability properties of CBMUs that incorporated recycled aggregates were extensively analyzed, and concluding remarks and practical recommendations were drawn. This review work shows that advancing the incorporation of recycled aggregates in the manufacture of CBMUs needs additional concerted efforts in terms of research work, standards and codes of practice, education, and public awareness.
Additive Manufacturing for Spare Parts in Marine and Offshore Applications
Authors: Qiao Dongchun , Seah Sebastian , Chand Tarun , Noyer Robert F. , Wang Bo , Cridland Marcus
Published: January 2023

This paper presents a qualification framework for additive manufactured parts, considering the part geometry and tolerance, material selection, controlling and monitoring data, and historical, real, and functionality test data. After qualification test results meet design requirements, the qualified engineering specifications/essential parameters for the part denoting the solid model, feedstock material, digital build plan, build process, and the postbuild process can be used for fabrication within the qualified range. The developed procedure is applied to qualify additive manufactured gear sets integrated with shafts, flexible coupling sleeves, and an ejector nozzle for pump or generator applications. Part selection, design and optimization, fabrication of prototype part and test coupons, coupon test results, and function testing of prototype parts are summarized and provided based on an “equivalent” design requirement. The overall developed procedure provides a practical method for the adoption of additive manufacturing technology in compliance with design requirements for the marine and offshore industry.
FPGA-Based Visual Melt Pool Monitoring with Pyrometer Correlation for Geometry and Temperature Measurement during Laser Metal Deposition
Authors: Sanchez-Medina Jorge , Arroud Galid , Ertveldt Julien , Guillaume Patrick
Published: January 2023

Laser metal deposition is an additive manufacturing technology in which the process parameters greatly influence the product quality and geometry. Therefore, it is generally concluded that real-time control and monitoring of the process are required to deliver quality parts. However, during the building process it is only possible to control the liquid state of the melt pool. Monitoring of the melt pool typically involves image processing and comes with an associated computational cost. CPU-based systems are limited in the real-time field due to their slower response than their field-programmable gate array (FPGA) counterparts for parallel computing and related latency. This paper presents an FPGA-based vision system that extracts geometric and intensity statistical features in real time of the melt pool based on a low-cost visible and near-infrared camera. The extraction of features of the melt pool is achieved by a thresholding approach and a 2D blob analysis using image moments. A pyrometer is used synchronously with the camera to simultaneously measure the temperature in the melt pool. The observed melt pool shape and intensity features are compared with the temperature values, and the results are discussed and correlated.
State of Security Awareness in the Additive Manufacturing Industry: 2020 Survey
Authors: Yampolskiy Mark , Bates Paul , Seifi Mohsen , Shamsaei Nima
Published: January 2023

The security of additive manufacturing (AM) gets increased attention due to the growing proliferation and adoption of AM in a variety of applications and business models. However, there is a significant disconnect between the AM community focused on manufacturing and the AM security community focused on securing this highly computerized manufacturing technology. To bridge this gap, we surveyed the America Makes AM community, asking in total 11 AM security-related questions aiming to discover the existing concerns, posture, and expectations. The first set of questions aimed to discover how many of these organizations use AM, outsource AM, or provide AM as a service. Then we asked about biggest security concerns as well as about assessment of who the potential adversaries might be and their motivation for attack. We then proceeded with questions on any experienced security incidents, if any security risk assessment was conducted, and if the participants’ organizations were partnering with external experts to secure AM. Last, we asked whether security measures are implemented at all and, if so, whether they fall under the general cybersecurity category. Out of 69 participants affiliated with commercial industry, agencies, and academia, 53 have completed the entire survey. This paper presents the results of this survey, as well as our assessment of the AM security posture. The answers are a mixture of what we could label as expected, shocking but not surprising, and completely unexpected. Assuming that the provided answers are somewhat representative of the current state of the AM industry, we conclude that the industry is not ready to prevent or detect AM-specific attacks that have been demonstrated in the research literature.
Powder-Gas Jet Velocity Characterization during Coaxial Directed Energy Deposition Process
Authors: Jardon Zoé , Ertveldt Julien , Hinderdael Michaël , Guillaume Patrick
Published: January 2023

This paper presents a numerical and experimental characterization of the powder-gas jet during the coaxial directed energy deposition process in terms of flow velocity, particle velocity, jet symmetry, and powder stream shape. The latter parameters are linked to the blown powder settings, known as the carrier and shielding gas volumetric flow rate, the powder mass flow rate, and the particle diameter. First, 2D axisymmetric steady-state computational fluid dynamics simulations of the turbulent gas flow are presented to illustrate the flow behavior and the effect of the presence of a substrate under the gas jet. Next, the free powder flow is visualized experimentally using high-speed imaging techniques. The particle velocities are extracted from the high-speed images by means of particle image velocimetry and compared with in situ measurements of the powder flow.
The Dual Functionality of Reverse Engineering for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Geng Zhaohui , Bidanda Bopaya
Published: January 2023

Reverse engineering (RE) and additive manufacturing (AM) are widely used in Industrial 4.0. RE transforms physical objects into the digital world; AM, on the other hand, directly prints physical replicas of the RE models. However, practitioners need to pay extra attention to reviewing AM processes because of their unique layer-by-layer fabrication process. This paper extends RE's functionality as a metrological tool to study AM-printed parts and, further, the effect of process settings on AM precision. Instead of merely generating computer-aided design model inputs, the proposed methodology provides a solution to multiple AM-related studies. RE's capabilities and applications and the corresponding analytical tools are discussed.
An Analysis of Lunar Landing Pad Designs and Construction Methods
Authors: Campbell Andres I. , Carson Helen C. , De Soto Miriam , Fiske Michael R. , Martin Luke E. , Murai Vincent R. T. , Ramirez Fernanda S. , Romo Ethan M. , Schang Kayla E. , Smith Kaveon C.
Published: January 2023

Since the Apollo era, the debris-generating interactions between a rocket and extraterrestrial surfaces have caused known risks to large-scale lunar and planetary exploration. In situ resource utilization (ISRU) technology has the potential to solve this challenge by enabling the construction of 3D-printed landing and launch pads. This paper discusses past efforts and designs of these pads with a focus on material sintering and extrusion methods of additive construction. Proposals that are explored include tiles-based construction techniques, lunar regolith sintering methods, 3D architectures to control dust and exhaust plumes, and aerodynamically designed exterior structures. Developments in additive construction methods and materials are also discussed in the context of ISRU landing pad compatibility and potential design constraints. This paper analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of 11 concepts, providing insights into the design, construction, testing, and analysis of landing pad designs that are essential to realizing human habitation on the Moon.
AIoT for Additive Manufacturing—Novel Edge and Fog AI Strategies and Architectures Applicable to Real-Time In Situ Monitoring
Authors: Farret Jérémie , Baghdadi Niloofar , Ranjbar Shahrzad Amin
Published: January 2023

In situ monitoring is an essential technique required to rationalize the use of expensive additive manufacturing (AM) by interrupting and correcting defects when the material is deposited rather than having to detect and correct them by postprocessing after the fact. Implementing in situ monitoring can be difficult for several reasons, all of which are linked to the feasibility of detecting manufacturing issues in real time so that corrective actions can be taken as and when required. Among these essential reasons, one could list the following: form factor, energy consumption, heat dissipation of the in situ equipment within the AM complete installation, the available network connectivity allowing for conventional processing approaches such as cloud computing, and the level of performance required to monitor, analyze, and take appropriate actions (e.g., alerting, interrupting the process) in real time. AIoT is an acronym denominating the convergence between AI techniques and IoT hardware, including sensors, computation, and automation. It refers to a panoply of new-generation devices and solutions that can provide novel approaches for tackling AM in situ monitoring, whether they are implemented entirely on one of several IoT components embedded in the AM equipment or in conjunction with computing power locally adjoined (on premises) to the AIoT capabilities within the AM equipment or even with remote computing power (either edge/fog or cloud computing, thus making the AIoT-based solution a hybrid solution). We consider the feasibility of all three options by illustrating and assessing the feasibility, with an adequate experimental protocol, of providing AIoT solutions capable of supporting the stringent in situ monitoring requirements for AM.
Detection of the Part Geometry in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Using Layer-Wise Images
Authors: Fischer Felix Gabriel , Birk Niklas , Lücke Tim Gerrit , Praetzsch Niklas
Published: January 2023

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is used to manufacture complex geometries directly from metallic powder material. Most properties are unknown during manufacturing and can be determined only with the help of costly postprocess measurements. One group of quality deviations are geometrical deviations, which can occur due to inaccurate calibration of the scanning system or local deviations from desirable process conditions. The layer-wise character of the manufacturing process can be leveraged to enable in situ quality monitoring as a potential solution to complement the postprocess measurements. In this work, a line sensor was attached to the recoater of an LPBF machine and used to acquire 100 × 100-mm2 images of the part's cross-section and powder bed at a resolution of 6 µm/pixel. Samples with diverse geometrical features were manufactured, and the sample surfaces were recorded. An image processing workflow was developed and calibrated to extract the layer-wise contours from the images and aggregate the resulting geometries to 3D representations of the part geometry. A demonstrator was manufactured; the actual geometry was computed using the developed workflow and compared to an ex situ measurement. As a result of this benchmark, even small details (e.g., < 150 µm) and systematic deviations could be identified. Random deviations that occurred only for a single layer, such as sintered powder grains, could not be detected.
Prediction of Melt Pool Temperature for Directed Energy Deposition Using Supervised Learning Methods on Optical Measurement Data
Authors: Snyers Charles , Ertveldt Julien , Sanchez-Medina Jorge , Jardon Zoé , Helsen Jan
Published: January 2023

One of today's ongoing challenges in directed energy deposition (DED) is controlling the geometry and material properties of parts. The objective of this paper is to investigate the relationship between several printing parameters of DED (laser power, laser speed, powder feed rate) and the melt pool temperature. Because DED is a complex and nonlinear process, well-established supervised-learning models such as support vector regression and artificial neural networks are particularly well suited to represent it. The MiCLAD machine, designed at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, is equipped with a hyperspectral camera that monitors the light emitted at several wavelengths by the melt pool during the building process. A steady-state data set produced by the hyperspectral camera is postprocessed by an advanced temperature estimation method, and the limitations of the temperature estimation method are identified and discussed. The temperature data are used as training data for supervised-learning methods, and a study is conducted to compare the performance of the considered methods using the measured optical data. This study demonstrates that the melt pool temperature of the DED process can be effectively modeled through the printing parameters thanks to supervised-learning methods.
Reviewing Part Identification for Additive Manufacturing and Assessing Future Fields of Research
Authors: Kolter Moritz , Collet Andreas , Schleifenbaum Johannes Henrich
Published: January 2023

Although the numbers of sold additive manufacturing (AM) systems are growing rapidly year by year, the applications in series production are only quite a few. Part identification, which aims to identify suitable parts for AM, has turned out to be a difficult task. Because part identification has to consider various aspects such as the given cost structure, scope for redesign, and available data, different part identification methods have been developed. However, the optimal part identification method depends on the context in which it is applied. Therefore, this paper reviews the part identification methods that have been proposed thus far and the use cases in which part identification is applied and classifies them in a user-friendly way. This allows the user to select the right strategy for identifying suitable parts for AM based on the advantages and disadvantages of the approaches in respect to the use case and available resources. Further, the findings of the research conducted so far in the field of part identification are composed to assess how part identification can be improved by future research.
Material Characterization Study of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Type 316L Stainless Steel with Process Parameter Modifications to Promote Isotropy
Authors: Snyder Chelsea , Attanasio Steven , White Tressa , Buller Dane , Jones Thomas , Morris Robert , Sutliff John , Adams Jack , Todd Iain
Published: January 2023

Specially processed type 316L stainless steel fabricated via laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) exhibits a substantial reduction in anisotropy characterized by directionally dependent properties and microstructural features. To promote isotropy, standard electro optical systems (EOS) deposition process parameters were modified by increasing the laser scan speed. With all other parameters constant, an increased scan speed reduces the thermal energy input, causing deliberately inserted lack-of-fusion (LOF) defects aimed at tailoring the microstructure and properties. As material is deposited and rapidly solidifies layer by layer, multidirectional growth of cellular colonies breaks down as the most favorable orientation outpaces its neighbors. Each LOF pore halts the continuation of the fastest growing colony and reinitiates multidirectional growth from its free surface. After a hot isostatic press treatment, the pores consolidate, and cellular boundaries annihilate to form a lower aspect ratio and smaller grains with a more uniform texture than seen in standard processed L-PBF material. This process-structure relationship was also seen as a convergence of strength and impact energy in all directions examined. Although additional testing and optimization would be necessary, this first trial concludes that deposition parameter modifications will greatly improve isotropy in L-PBF materials.
Viral Tracing Confirms Paranigral Ventral Tegmental Area Dopaminergic Inputs to the Interpeduncular Nucleus Where Dopamine Release Encodes Motivated Exploration
Authors: Molas Susanna , Zhao-Shea Rubing , Freels Timothy G. , Tapper Andrew R.
Published: January 2023

Midbrain dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are engaged by rewarding stimuli and encode reward prediction error to update goal-directed learning. However, recent data indicate that VTA DAergic neurons are functionally heterogeneous with emerging roles in aversive signaling, salience, and novelty, based in part on anatomic location and projection, highlighting a need to functionally characterize the repertoire of VTA DAergic efferents in motivated behavior. Previous work identifying a mesointerpeduncular circuit consisting of VTA DAergic neurons projecting to the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN), a midbrain area implicated in aversion, anxiety-like behavior, and familiarity, has recently come into question. To verify the existence of this circuit, we combined presynaptic targeted and retrograde viral tracing in the dopamine transporter-Cre mouse line. Consistent with previous reports, synaptic tracing revealed that axon terminals from the VTA innervate the caudal IPN; whereas, retrograde tracing revealed DAergic VTA neurons, predominantly in the paranigral region, project to the nucleus accumbens shell, as well as the IPN. To test whether functional DAergic neurotransmission exists in the IPN, we expressed the genetically encoded DA sensor, dLight 1.2, in the IPN of C57BL/6J mice and measured IPN DA signalsin vivoduring social and anxiety-like behavior using fiber photometry. We observed an increase in IPN DA signal during social investigation of a novel but not familiar conspecific and during exploration of the anxiogenic open arms of the elevated plus maze. Together, these data confirm VTA DAergic neuron projections to the IPN and implicate this circuit in encoding motivated exploration.
HERC3 promotes YAP/TAZ stability and tumorigenesis independently of its ubiquitin ligase activity
Authors: Yuan Bo , Liu Jinquan , Shi Aiping , Cao Jin , Yu Yi , Zhu Yezhang , Zhang Chengbin , Qiu Yifei , Luo Hongjie , Shi Jiaxian , Cao Xiaolei , Xu Pinglong , Shen Li , Liang Tingbo , Zhao Bin , Feng Xin‐Hua
Published: January 2023

YAP/TAZ transcriptional co‐activators play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis. In the Hippo pathway, diverse signals activate the MST‐LATS kinase cascade that leads to YAP/TAZ phosphorylation, and subsequent ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation by SCFβ‐TrCP. When the MST‐LATS kinase cascade is inactive, unphosphorylated or dephosphorylated YAP/TAZ translocate into the nucleus to mediate TEAD‐dependent gene transcription. Hippo signaling‐independent YAP/TAZ activation in human malignancies has also been observed, yet the mechanism remains largely elusive. Here, we report that the ubiquitin E3 ligase HERC3 can promote YAP/TAZ activation independently of its enzymatic activity. HERC3 directly binds to β‐TrCP, blocks its interaction with YAP/TAZ, and thus prevents YAP/TAZ ubiquitination and degradation. Expression levels of HERC3 correlate with YAP/TAZ protein levels and expression of YAP/TAZ target genes in breast tumor cells and tissues. Accordingly, knockdown of HERC3 expression ameliorates tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells. Our results establish HERC3 as a critical regulator of the YAP/TAZ stability and a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
The impact of oral anticoagulants on the characteristics of subdural hematomas and other brain lesions in patients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Pastor Iulia-Sevastiana , Para Ioana , Vesa Ștefan Cristian , Florian Ioan Ștefan
Published: January 2023

Background and aim. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of prior anticoagulant treatment on the characteristics of intracranial hematomas. Methods. We included in this retrospective study 135 patients who were diagnosed with subdural hematoma in the context of traumatic brain injury. We recorded the demographic and clinical data, the paraclinical examinations and the characteristics of subdural hematoma evidenced by preoperative computed tomography (CT). We also reported the other brain injuries, entailed by primary and secondary lesions, as described by CT. Results. The anticoagulation therapy was recorded in 35 patients, at the moment of diagnosis. Acute subdural hematoma was recorded in 89 (65.9%) patients, 21 (60%) of these had anticoagulation therapy on admission. There were 46 (34.1%) patients with chronic subdural hematoma, 14 (40%) of these were on anticoagulant therapy. The midline shift was significantly moved in patients with anticoagulation therapy. The thickness of the subdural hematoma was significantly higher in patients with anticoagulation. We did not find any significant association of the other brain lesions (cranial fracture, extradural hematoma, intraparenchymal hematoma, nor intracranial hypertension, brain herniation, brain swelling), and the presence of anticoagulation therapy. Conclusion. The study showed that anticoagulants significantly influence some neuroimaging aspects of the SDH in head trauma.
RECYCLING, MODIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON POLYMER WASTE
Authors:   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, SEMINOG V.V. , MYSHAK V.D. ,   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine
Published: January 2023

The review article considers the current problem of environmental pollution with polymer waste. To solve one of the highest priority tasks, their recycling is considered, which is advisable from an economic, practical and scientific point of view. An assessment of the resources of secondary polymeric raw materials was made. The main ways of utilization of polymeric waste are given. The features of polymer waste recycling methods are determined. The issues of modification of polymer wastes are considered and the main methods of compatibilization of polymer mixtures are shown. Particular attention is paid to the methods and mechanisms of compatibilization of polymer composites based on recycled thermoplastics and crumb rubber from waste tires as a means of obtaining new composite polymer materials with valuable performance properties. The dependence of the properties of polymer composites on the filler concentration, particle size and shape, surface treatment methods, type and content, modifying additives and compatibilizers is shown. The creation of polymer composites based on secondary polymers and fillers of various nature contributes to the solution of social and economic problems of polymer waste.
FILM-FORMING AND DESTRUCTION POWERS OF COMPOSITIONS BASED ON MODIFICATIONS OF NATURAL POLYMERS
Authors:   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, DMITRIEVA T.V. , KRYMOVSKA S.K. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, GLIEVA S.V. ,   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, BORTNYTSKY V.I. ,   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, Riabov S.V. ,   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine
Published: January 2023

On the basis of the conducted literature review of biodegradable film-forming compositions using modified natural polymers, using the example of starch, it can be seen that the range of possibilities for its modification and the choice of suitable synthetic polymers depend on the method of production and the field of use, and are generaily aimed at protecting the environment. The physico-mechanical and structural characteristics of film-forming polymers polybutyrate PBAT and polycaprolactone PCL, which belong to biodegradable polymers processed by the extrusion method with the addition of thermoplastic starch, were studied. The destructive properties of film-forming compositions obtained from aqueous solutions of plasticized starch after UV irradiation for 90 days were studied. The maximum loss of strength reaches 86%, and the loss of elasticity is 93%.The structural changes of the compositions were investigated by the mass spectrometric method.
GUANIDINIIUM-CONTAINING OLIGOMER CATIONIC PROTONIC IONIC LIQUIDS
Authors:   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, SHEVCHENKO V.V. , VORTMAN M.YA. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, LEMESHKO V.N. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, GONCHARENKO L.A. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, KOBYLINSKIY S.M. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine
Published: January 2023

By reacting a dian epoxy oligomer with guanidinium hydrochloride, a synthesis method of guanidinium-containing cationic proton oligomeric ionic liquids (OIL) capable of condensation reactions was developed. These compounds are characterized by an amphiphilic structure combining a flexible oligoether or hydroxyl-containing guanidinium oligoether block with terminal hydroxyl-containing guanidinium fragments. These compounds are capable of supramolecular organization due to the self-association of flexible oligoether blocks with terminal hydroxyl-containing guanidinium fragments from the outside of the formed cluster. They are characterized by two glass transition temperatures, which differ significantly in magnitude. The structure formed by the flexible oligoether component is determined by its segmental mobility with the glass transition temperature in the range (70–85 °C), and the terminal guanidinium fragments are responsible for the manifestation of the cohesive nature of the glass transition of the oligomer as a whole with the glass transition temperature in the range (-70)–(-60 °C), which characteristic of classical ionic liquids. The proton conductivity of the synthesized compounds in anhydrous conditions reaches a value of 1,94·10-3 S/cm at 120 °C and is determined not by the absolute value of the introduced protons, but by their specific number in relation to the MW oligomers. The synthesized OIL are of interest as electrolytes with an anhydrous conduction mechanism and starting reagents for the synthesis of ion-containing block copolymers of various functional purposes.
Improving Adolescent Violent Trauma Outcomes With a Hospital-Based Violence Prevention Initiative
Authors: Romo Noé D. , Castillo Catherine , Green Jaylen , Lin Juan , Mendelsohn Erika , Dawkins-Hamilton Carjah , Reddy Srinivas H. , Blumberg Stephen M.
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Violent trauma results in significant morbidity/mortality in Black/Hispanic males aged 15 to 24 years. Hospital- and community-level interventions may improve patient and community outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

To determine if a hospital-based violence prevention intervention using community outreach workers was associated with improved violent trauma patient postdischarge follow-up and reinjury rates.

METHODS

This is a retrospective, single-center, cohort study of admitted violent trauma patients to a public hospital in the Bronx, NY. Data were collected from a convenience sample of patients aged 15 to 24 years admitted with International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, codes for gunshot wound, stab wound, or physical assault from August 2014 to April 2018. The exposure variable was documentation of intervention team evaluation during admission. The outcome variables included attending >50% scheduled postdischarge follow-up visits, and subsequent violent reinjury (gunshot wound, stab wound, blunt assault) during the study time period. Multivariable regression models were used to determine the association between the exposure and outcome variables.

RESULTS

A total of 535 patients were evaluated and were primarily male (92.5%), Black (54%)/Latino (36.4%), with mean age of 19.1 years. Patients in the exposure group had increased odds of attending >50% of scheduled clinic postdischarge follow-up visits (odds ratio, 2.29; 95% confidence interval 1.59–3.29) and decreased odds of subsequent violent reinjury presentation (odds ratio, 0.41; 95% confidence interval 0.22–0.75) 3 months after hospital discharge.

CONCLUSION

A hospital-based violence prevention intervention may be associated with decreased odds of violent reinjury and increased odds of postdischarge scheduled appointment adherence in admitted pediatric violent trauma patients.
Acercamiento a los estudios de prosodia del español colombiano en el marco del proyecto AMPER-Colombia
Authors: Muñetón Ayala Mercedes Amparo , Restrepo Fernández Maritza , López González Tomás
Published: January 2023

El objetivo principal de este artículo es mostrar el desarrollo de la prosodia en Colombia desde la incorporación del Proyecto Atlas Multimedia de la Prosodia del Espacio Románico (AMPER-Col) al país. Esto nos permite verificar su importancia e impacto en el avance de la investigación prosódica en Colombia. Para ello, se hace una revisión de los principales conceptos prosódicos, se contextualiza el proyecto AMPER, se presenta su estructura metodológica y, también, las últimas contribuciones realizadas por AMPER-Col.
Model badania podmiotowej sfery kultury współczesnej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Polska, Strzelecki Ryszard
Published: January 2023

The aim of this paper is to establish a model for researching the subjective sphere of contemporary culture. In order to establish the methodological foundations of the model, some of the most important theories of man (biologistic, liberal and relationalistic personalism, Thomistic and metaphysical personalism, as well as Wojtyla within the so-called ”adequate anthropology” and Trinitarian personalism) have been used, presented, compared, and even critically evaluated. The aim of this confrontation is to choose a theory that fully grasps the ontological and axiological depth of man, a theory that could also encompass the research procedure with all the possible versions of the subject in various spheres of contemporary culture: science, ideological trends, and creativity. The point is that no variant of the cultural subject should fall outside the research range of the model. These conditions are met to the greatest extent by Trinitarian personalism. Other theories and personalisms in the research diagnosis of multiple subjects of contemporary culture may turn out to be insufficient. The theory of the Holy Trinity as the basis of the model is treated in the paper in a non-confessional manner, that is, only when applied to the methodology of researching the human being.
Kontrola i ocena jako integralne i konieczne składniki procesu dydaktycznego na rożnych etapach edukacyjnych
Authors:   Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie, Polska, Kowalikowa Jadwiga , Choińska Krystyna ,   Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie, Polska, Pachowicz Małgorzata ,   Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie, Polska
Published: January 2023

The paper discusses the control of learning outcomes in the context of educational process theory and educational reality. Due to the global pandemic situation, the control of learning outcomes requires a novel approach to grading at all stages of the educational process. Control and grading cannot be treated as merely didactic procedures. Instead, more emphasis should be placed on the basic functions of didactics.