bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suscestvitel'nye s rassireniem osnovy -ov- vo mnozestvennom cisle v serbskom literaturnom jazyke
Authors: Nikolic Miroslav
Published: February 2014

V nastojascej rabote avtor sdelal popytku vyjavit', kakie suscestvitel'nye v
serbskom literaturnom jazyke rassirjajut osnovu morfemoj -ov- vo
mnozestvennom cisle, a takze rassmotret' vse faktory i obstojatel'stva,
vlijajuscie na dannyj process. V rabote takze govoritsja o tom, v kakih
pozicijah vystupaet morf -ov-, a v kakih - allomorf -ev-. Po analogii s
suscestvitel'nymi na ? (kotoryh v praslavjanskom jazyke bylo nemnogo) v
istorii serbskogo jazyka proizosla znacitel'naja ?kspansija form
mnozestvennogo cisla s osnovoj, rassirennoj grammaticeskoj morfemoj ov
(pricem dannaja situacija do nastojascego vremeni ne stabilizirovalas'). Na
to, budet li kakoe-libo suscestvitel'noe upotrebljat'sja vo mnozestvennom
cisle s osnovoj, rassirennoj grammaticeskoj morfemoj ov, ili net, okazyvajut
vlijanie mnogie faktory, pri etom nekotorye iz nih vsegda vystupajut vmeste
(takie, kak grammaticeskij rod i forma imenitel'nogo padeza edinstvennogo
cisla). Distribucija morfov -ov- i -ev- obuslovlena preimuscestvenno prirodoj
konecnogo zvuka pervicnoj osnovy (sr. grad-ov-i: kraj-ev-i, pri nalicii
razlicnyh iskljucenij v oboih slucajah). Konstatiruetsja fakt ?kspansii
allomorfa ev, kotoryj pojavljaetsja i u tak naz. tverdyh osnov (sr. mlazevi,
mrazevi, duksevi, nosevi, plusevi, pojasevi; zurevi, sirevi, cirevi; putevi,
sutevi i t.d.).
Vremennoe i pricinnoe znacenie sojuza posto v sovremennom serbskom jazyke
Authors: Tanasic Sreto
Published: February 2014

V nastojascej rabote rec' idet o predlozenijah s sojuzom posto. Cel'
issledovanija - pokazat', imejutsja li vozmoznosti potverdit' nalicie
formal'nyh razlici mezdu predlozenijami s vremennym i pricinnym znaceniem
dannogo sojuza. Analiz, provedennyj na materiale razlicnyh funkcional'nyh
stilej, pokazal, cto v sovremennom serbskom jazyke sojuz posto casto
vstrecaetsja i v pricinnyh predlozernijah. V bol'sinstve slucaev imejutsja
sintaksiceskie razlicija mezdu vremennymi i pricinnymi predlozenijami, v
kotoryh est' dannyj sojuz. Eti razlicija casce vsego projavljajutsja v
razlicnom vybore glagol'nyh form i v socetaemosti glagol'nogo vida v
predikatah socinitel'noj i zavisimoj klauzy vo vremennyh i pricinnyh
predlozenijah s ?tim sojuzom; odnako, imejutsja takze i drugie razlicija
mezdu dannymi predlozenijami. Redki slucai, kogda predlozenie svoej
strukturoj ne obespecivaet vozmoznost' raspoznavanija znacenija dannogo
sojuza. V takih slucajah dannuju problemu sleduet razresat' v bolee sirokom
kontekste.
Rassirenie analitizma v govore nas.p. Gornja-Resava - na primere statusa infinitiva
Authors: Stijovic Rada
Published: February 2014

V rabote na osnovanii analiza rukopisi M. Ivkovica, posvjascennoj govoru
nas.p. Gornja-Resava (1911), monografii "Resavskij govor" A. Peco i B.
Milanovica (1968), a takze materialov, zapisannyh avtorom stat'i v 2012 godu
v nas.p. Gornja-Resava, rassmatrivajutsja fakty rassirenija upotreblenija
konstrukcii s da, vytesnivsej infinitiv, kotoryj, po dannym Ivkovica, sto let
nazad upotrebljalsja "esce dostatocno", v to vremja kak v semidesjatye gody
XX veka, po dannym B. Milanovica i A. Peco, - "v dostatocno neznacitel'noj
Stepeni", i, nakonec, segodnja, soglasno nasim dannym, infinitiv v govore
nas.p. Gornja-Resava polnost'ju utracen. On zamenjaetsja konstrukciej s da
(on ce da sedi, moze d-ide) ili tol'ko sprjagaemymi formami nastojascego
vremeni bez casticy da (ne sme rekne ?necu?, mi ce(mo) dodjemo).
Bibliografija casopisa Juznoslovenski filolog I (1913) - LXVIII (2012)
Authors: Golubovic Ana
Published: February 2014

nema
Theoretical prediction on the structures of the HMgN- and HNMg- anions using multiconfigurational methods
Authors: Xiao Cui-Ping , Li Wen-Zuo , Li Qing-Zhong , Cheng Jian-Bo
Published: February 2014

The nine-valence-electron HMgN- and HNMg- anions have been investigated for
the first time theoretically using CASSCF (complete active space
self-consistent field) and CASPT2 (multiconfiguration second-order
perturbation theory) methods in conjunction with the contracted atomic
natural orbital (ANO) basis sets. The structures of the low-lying electronic
states of HMgN- and HNMg- were predicted. The possible unimolecular
conversions between HMgN- and HNMg-were discussed. The calculated results
indicated that the ground-state of HMgN-is linear, while the ground-state
HNMg- is bent, which is in contradiction to Walsh?s rules predicting linear
structures for the HXY systems containing 10 or less valence electrons.
Sonothrombolysis: Is the story (t)old or just the beginning
Authors: Zivanovic Zeljko , Alexandrov Andrei , Jesic Aleksandar , Slankamenac Petar
Published: February 2014

Introduction. Intravenous administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen
activator, fastest and widely feasible treatment in acute ischemic stroke
induces arterial recanalization, a prerequisite for neurological recovery.
The Therapeutic Role of Ultrasound and Potential Mechanism of
Sonothrombolysis. Augmentation of recanalization can be achieved safely in
combination with diagnostic transcranial Doppler by delivering mechanical
pressure waves to the thrombus and exposing more thrombus surface to
circulating drug. The addition of microspheres can further improve
thrombolytic effect. Clinical Trials. International multicenter CLOTBUST
trial showed that acute ischemic stroke patients treated with
sonothrombolysis had higher rate of arterial recanalization and dramatic
clinical recovery without increasing risk of symptomatic intracranial
hemorrhage. A microsphere dose-escalation study called TUCSON showed that
rates of recanalization and clinical recovery tended to be higher in target
groups compared with controls. Meta-analysis of clinical trials of
sonothrombolysis. Cochrane Stroke Group found that sonothrombolysis was
likely to reduce death or dependency. A metaanalysis of sonothrombolysis
showed that patients who received any form of sonothrombolysis had more than
twofold higher likelihood of achieving complete arterial recanalization.
Perspectives for sonothrombolysis - Operator-independent device for
sonothrombolysis. The collaborative group of the CLOTBUST trial designed
multi-transducer assembly to cover conventional windows used for transcranial
Doppler examinations. Operatorindependent device can be quickly mounted by
medical personnel with no prior experience in ultrasound. Sonothrombolysis
for acute ischemic stroke is now tested in a pivotal efficacy multi-national
trial called CLOTBUSTER. Conclusion. Ultrasound is a promising tool to
enhance systemic thrombolysis.
Deep brain stimulation in psychiatry
Authors: Poznic-Jesic Milana , Zivanovic Olga , Nikolic Igor , Radovanovic Sasa , Sakic Branislav , Jesic Aleksandar
Published: February 2014

Introduction. Deep brain stimulation is a stereotactic neurosurgical method
used in the treatment of Parkinson?s disease and some other movement
disorders. The application of deep brain stimulation in the treatment of
certain psychiatric disorders has been intensively investigated taking into
account the current knowledge of neurobiological basis of mood regulation,
cognition, and behaviour. This paper has been aimed at presenting the
available data on experience in the application of deep brain stimulation in
the treatment of psychiatric disorders. It gives an overview of scientific
and professional literature, bearing in mind all the contemporary approaches
in the treatment of certain psychiatric disorders. Research results available
so far in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression,
obsessive-compulsive disorder, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, addiction and
Alzheimer?s dementia, are affirmative concerning the efficacy of the method
and low risk of adverse effects. Deep brain stimulation, as a relatively new
neurosurgical method in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, is being
intensively developed, and it is certainly going to be one of the treatments
of choice, primarily of treatment-resistant disorders.
Oesophageal food bolus impaction in elderly people
Authors: Mitrovic Slobodan , Karan Sasa , Vuckovic-Karan Jelena , Vucinic Predrag
Published: February 2014

Introduction. The diagnosis of food bolus impaction in the esophagus is based
on the data obtained from the patient, clinical examination, radiographic
diagnosis, and endoscopy. The aim of this study was to examine the influence
of possible factors causing oesophageal impaction of food boluses in elderly
people. Material and Methods. This retrospective study included six male and
eight female patients treated at the Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat
Disease in Novi Sad. Results. Post-corrosive oesophageal stricture was
diagnosed in 28.57% of patients and non-corrosive stricture was found in
21.43%. Total tooth loss was recorded in 64.29% of patients and 14.29% of
patients had partial tooth loss. An impacted food bolus was located at a
distance of 15-25 cm or 30-40 cm distance from the upper incisors in 42.86%
of the study sample. Discussion and conclusion. The impaction of food boluses
in the esophagus is significantly higher in women, usually after 76 years of
age. There is a positive correlation between the presence of oesophageal
stricture and recurrence of food bolus impaction. Partial and total tooth
loss is present in a high percentage but there is no correlation with the
food bolus impaction. Impaction of food bolus was equally found in the upper
and lower third of the oesophagus and it was usually meat. Radiographic
diagnosis should precede each esophagoscopy. Esophagoscopy with rigid
oesophagoscope is a reliable method for the extraction of a bolus of food
from the oesophagus in elderly patients.
Post-operative condition of breast cancer patients from standpoint of psycho-oncology: Preliminary results
Authors: Kovac Aleksandra , Popovic-Petrovic Svetlana , Nedeljkovic Miroslav , Kojic Marijana , Tomic Sanja
Published: February 2014

Introduction. Information on being diagnosed to have cancer is always
shocking for the patient, and it always causes a lot of psychosocial problems
during its treatment. In these moments, patients need understanding, support
and someone who can help them to apprehend all available options and choices
clearly. The purpose of this study is to show the psychological states of
patients with breast cancer after breast surgery, the importance of the
psychological support, and first experiences in psycho-oncological management
of breast cancer patients. Material and Methods. The study sample included 46
women, their average age being 52.32 (? 8.98), who had answered questions in
a questionnaire in the period after surgery. Results. The patients
experienced fears and worries associated with almost every part of cancer
treatment likely to happen in the near future. The fear of chemotherapy and
radiotherapy (67%), the horror of losing hair (59%) and the fear of relapse
or disease progression (57%) were evident. Moreover, the patients dreaded the
forthcoming pathological results and the decisions to be made by the Oncology
Commission (57%), with accompanying insomnia caused by disturbing thoughts in
39% of the patients. Conclusion. These findings suggest that psychological
support is important in this early period after breast surgery due to the
vulnerability of the patients, and because it can diminish the risk of
potential escalation of distress.
Correlation between metabolic controls and changes in retina in patients having diabetes
Authors: Janicijevic-Petrovic Mirjana , Veljkovic Biljana , Janicijevic Katarina , Sarenac-Vulovic Tatjana
Published: February 2014

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus is as old as the human race. Retinopathy,
being one of complications of diabetes mellitus, is the most common cause of
blindness. This study was aimed at analyzing the correlation between
retinopathy and duration of disease, metabolic control, and obesity. Material
and Methods. The study sample consisted of 135 patients divided into the
experimental group of 90 patients with retinopathy and the control group of
45 patients without retinopathy. The patients were examined according to
standard protocols: anamneses, endocrinology, ophthalmology exams,
biochemical analyses, and anthropometric measurements. Results. The average
age of patients was 60.13 ? 9.29 in the experimental group, while it was
57.55 ? 4.85 in the control group. The average duration of disease was 11.71
? 5.8 and 14.40 ? 7.68 in the control group experimental group, respectively.
The following statistically essential differences between the control and
experimental group were found: in duration of disease (11.71 ? 5.85; 14.40 ?
7.68; r = 0.000), in glycemia (7.02 ? 2.20; 8.34 ? 3.18; p = 0.000), in
glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) (7.16 ? 1.37; 8.22 ? 2.05; r = 0.000), in
triglycerides (1.92 ? 0.72; 2.63 ? 1.60; r = 0.001), and in body mass index
(23.94 ? 2.65; 27.66 ? 15.13; r = 0.000). Conclusion. There is a positive
correlation between duration of disease, glycosylated hemoglobin A1C,
triglycerides, body mass index - obesity and retinopathy. A significant
statistical correlation among those parameters has been found in patients
with diabetic retinopathy.
On the determination of shifting operators along geodesics on a surface
Authors: Draskovic Zoran
Published: February 2014

A procedure to obtain a closed form of the shifting operators along a known
geodesic line on a surface as a solution of a system of linear algebraic
equations is proposed. Its correctness is numerically demonstrated in the
case of a helicoid surface and a spherical one. The future use of these
operators in finite element approximations of tensor fields in non-Euclidean
spaces is announced.
Different structures on subspaces of OsckM
Authors: Comic Irena , Miron Radu
Published: February 2014

The geometry of OsckM spaces was introduced by R. Miron and Gh. Atanasiu in
[6] and [7]. The theory of these spaces was developed by R. Miron and his
cooperators from Romania, Japan and other countries in several books and
many papers. Only some of them are mentioned in references. Here we recall
the construction of adapted bases in T(OsckM) and T*(OsckM), which are comprehensive with the J structure. The theory of two complementary family of subspaces is presented as it was done in [2] and [4]. The operators J,?J, ?,??, p, p* are introduced in the ambient space and subspaces. Some new relations between them are established. The action of these operators on Liouville vector fields are examined.
On a SHOCKLEY-READ-HALL model for semiconductors
Authors: Knezevic-Miljanovic Julka
Published: February 2014

The Shockley-Read-Hall model was introduced in 1952 to describe the
statistics of recombination of holes and electrons in semiconductors
occurring through the mechanism of trapping and we consider initial-boundary
value problems with initial conditions.
Vorticity evolution in perturbed Poiseuille flow
Authors: Jovanovic Milos
Published: February 2014

We consider numerical simulation of temporal hydrodynamic instability with
finite amplitude perturbations in plane incompressible Poiseuille flow. Two
dimensional Navier Stokes equations have been used and reduced to
vorticity-stream function form. Trigonometric polynomials have been used in
homogeneous direction and Chebyshev polynomials in inhomogeneous direction.
The problem of boundary conditions for vorticity has been solved by using the
method of influence matrices. The Orr-Sommerfeld equation has been solved by
Chebyshev polynomials, and linear combination of the obtained eigenfunctions
has been optimized with regard to the corresponding eigenvalue. We present
here the results of simulation for the perturbations optimized in regard to
the least stable eigenvalue for the Reynolds number Re=1000.
A - a view in the invisible
Authors: Ristic Slavica
Published: February 2014

Flow visualization is an important topic in, experimental and computational
fluid dynamics and has been the subject of research for many years. This
paper presents an overview of flow visualization techniques. The physical
basis and applications of different visualization methods for subsonic,
transonic and supersonic flow in wind and water tunnels are described:
direct injection methods, (smoke, dye, fog and different small particles),
gas and hydrogen bubbles, , flow visualization by tufts, oil, liquid
crystals, pressure and temperature sensitive paints, shadow, schlieren,
interferometry, Laser Doppler Anemometry, Particle Image Velocimetry and
other special techniques. Almost all presented photos have been recorded
during tests in laboratories of MTI Belgrade.
Modification of earth's gravity sphere
Authors: Vujicic Veljko
Published: February 2014

The standard radius of the Earth's gravity sphere is 917.000 km. Here we
present that the radius is 1.400.000 km.
The Lunar orbit paradox
Authors: Tomic Aleksandar
Published: February 2014

Newton's formula for gravity force gives greather force intensity for
atraction of the Moon by the Sun than atraction by the Earth. However,
central body in lunar (primary) orbit is the Earth. So appeared paradox which
were ignored from competent specialist, because the most important problem,
determination of lunar orbit, was inmediately solved sufficiently by
mathematical ingeniosity - introducing the Sun as dominant body in the three
body system by Delaunay, 1860. On this way the lunar orbit paradox were not
canceled. Vujicic made a owerview of principles of mechanics in year 1998, in
critical consideration. As an example for application of corrected procedure
he was obtained gravity law in some different form, which gave possibility to
cancel paradox of lunar orbit. The formula of Vujicic, with our small
adaptation, content two type of acceleration - related to inertial mass and
related to gravity mass. So appears carried information on the origin of the
Moon, and paradox cancels.
Computational mechanics in science, applications and teaching
Authors: Kojic M. , Filipovic N.
Published: February 2014

We express our opinion about the role of Computational Mechanics (CM) in
science, applications and education. The presented thoughts rely on our
experience gained by working over decades (first author in particular) in the
field of CM. First, as a challenge of an opinion that computational mechanics
is rather a tool, not the science, we give our view that computational
mechanics is a complex interdisciplinary scientific field where new methods
and solutions are sought, new hypotheses are tested, and events in material
world are elucidated or predicted. It is quite an art to achieve the goal
that general analytical formulations or experimental findings become useful
and practical numbers, graphs, and even simulations of living systems
response. Second, we would like to emphasize the enormous impact of CM in
applications; ranging from the support of experimental investigations, to
everyday engineering in design and industry, to bioengineering and medicine.
Giant steps have been undertaken by invention of the finite element method in
the 6th decade of last century. From that time on, a huge number of
researchers have opened new frontiers, introducing new computational methods,
improving the algorithms and incorporating achievements in computer
technology. Third, we want to address the issue of the CM participation
within university programs. We believe that the CM methods, software
development and application should be a significant part of the overall
education in engineering departments, but also (to appropriate extent) in
other departments of natural and biomedical sciences, technology and
medicine. All courses should be accompanied by the corresponding software. We
here cite our experience where around 40 PhD and MS theses have been
completed at University of Kragujevac, with the CM topics, development of
engineering software (our system of programs PAK) and applications in
engineering and bioengineering. This approach in education will result in
preparing students to use modern CM tools and software in their work after
university studies.
Delay dependent stability of linear time-delay systems
Authors: Stojanovic Sreten , Debeljkovic Dragutin
Published: February 2014

This paper deals with the problem of delay dependent stability for both
ordinary and large-scale time-delay systems. Some necessary and sufficient
conditions for delay-dependent asymptotic stability of continuous and
discrete linear time-delay systems are derived. These results have been
extended to the large-scale time-delay systems covering the cases of two and
multiple existing subsystems. The delay-dependent criteria are derived by
Lyapunov's direct method and are exclusively based on the solvents of
particular matrix equation and Lyapunov equation for non-delay systems.
Obtained stability conditions do not possess conservatism. Numerical examples
have been worked out to show the applicability of results derived.
About eigen sensitivity analysis of mechanical structures
Authors: Trisovic Natasa
Published: February 2014

Several methods for a calculation of derivatives of eigenvectors with respect
to design parameters are described here. These are the finite-difference
method, the modal method, a modified modal method, Nelson's method, an
improved first-order approximation of eigenvalues and eigenvectors and an
iterative method. By combining the other structural reanalysis techniques and
one of these sensitivity methods, it is possible to enhance the efficiency
and the accuracy of structural optimization techniques for determining the
optimum condition of mechanical structure specified by an analyst. The
sensitivity approach is based on the prior selection of updating parameters
(design variables) in the initial FE model.
Process parameters effect on material removal mechanism and cut quality of abrasive water jet machining
Authors: Jankovic P. , Igic T. , Nikodijevic D.
Published: February 2014

The process of the abrasive water jet cutting of materials, supported by the
theories of fluid mechanics, abrasive wear and damage mechanics, is a
high-tech technologies that provides unique capabilities compared to
conventional machining processes. This paper, along the theoretical
derivations, provides original contributions in the form of mathematical
models of the quantity of the cut surface damage, expressed by the values of
cut surface roughness. The particular part of this paper deal with the
results of the original experimental research. The research aim was connected
with the demands of industry, i.e. the end user. Having in mind that the
conventional machining processes are not only lagging behind in terms of
quality of cut, or even some requests are not able to meet, but with the
advent of composite materials were not able to machine them, because they
occurred unacceptable damage (mechanical damage or delamination, fiber
pull-out, burning, frayed edges).
Advances in classical and analytical mechanics: A reviews of author’s results
Authors: Hedrih-Stevanovic Katica
Published: February 2014

A review, in subjective choice, of author?s scientific results in area of:
classical mechanics, analytical mechanics of discrete hereditary systems,
analytical mechanics of discrete fractional order system vibrations,
elastodynamics, nonlinear dynamics and hybrid system dynamics is presented.
Main original author?s results were presented through the mathematical
methods of mechanics with examples of applications for solving problems of
mechanical real system dynamics abstracted to the theoretical models of
mechanical discrete or continuum systems, as well as hybrid systems. Paper,
also, presents serries of methods and scientific results authored by
professors Mitropolyski, Andjelic and Raskovic, as well as author?s of this
paper original scientific research results obtained by methods of her
professors. Vector method based on mass inertia moment vectors and
corresponding deviational vector components for pole and oriented axis,
defined in 1991 by K. Hedrih, is presented. Results in construction of
analytical dynamics of hereditary discrete system obtained in collaboration
with O. A. Gorosho are presented. Also, some selections of results author?s
postgraduate students and doctorantes in area of nonlinear dynamics are
presented. A list of scientific projects headed by author of this paper is
presented with a list of doctoral dissertation and magister of sciences
thesis which contain scientific research results obtained under the
supervision by author of this paper or their fist doctoral candidates.
Reection and refraction of plane waves at the interface between magnetoelectroelastic and liquid media
Authors: Zhang Rong
Published: February 2014

This paper analyzes the reflection and refraction of plane wave incidences at
the interface between magnetoelectroelastic (MEE) and liquid media. The MEE
medium is assumed to be transversely isotropic and the liquid medium to be
nonviscous. Three cases, i.e., the coupled quasipressure wave incidence from
the MEE medium, the coupled quasi-shear vertical wave incidence from the MEE
medium, and the pressure wave incidence from the liquid medium, are
discussed. The expressions of reflection and transmission coefficients
varying with the incident angle are obtained. This investigation would be
useful to the MEE acoustic device field.
Mycotoxins: Risks, regulations and European co-operation
Authors: Van Egmond
Published: February 2014

Mycotoxins and mycotoxicises have been problems of the past and the present,
but scientific attention for mycotoxins did not start until the early 1960?s.
Nowa?days, many mycotoxins are known, and their occurrence in food and animal
feed may cause various adverse effects on human and animal health, including
carcinogenic, hepatotoxic, immunotoxic, nephrotoxic, neurotoxic, oestrogenic
and teratogenic effects. Some important mycotoxins include the aflatoxins,
ochratoxin A, the fumonisins and the trichothecenes, and their significance
is briefly described. To protect human and animal health, many countries have
enacted specific regulations for mycotoxins in food and animal feed. Risk
assessment is a major factor for scientific underpinning of regulations, but
other factors such as availability of adequate sampling and analysis
procedures also play an important a role in the establishment of mycotoxin
regulations. In addition, socio-economic factors such as cost-benefit
considerations, trade issues and sufficiency of food supply are equally
important in the decision-taking process to come to meaningful regulations.
Nowadays, more than 100 countries have formal mycotoxin regulations for food
and feed. The mycotoxin regulations are the most stringent in the EU, where
various organizations and pan-European networks contribute to combat the
mycotoxin problem. It is to be expected that mycotoxins will stay with us in
the future and climate change might have a negative influence in this
respect. Several possibilities exist to mitigate the problems caused by
mycotoxins. In particular prevention of mould growth and mycotoxin formation
is key to the control of mycotoxins.
Flavonoid extraction from Ficus carica leaves using different techniques and solvents
Authors: Trifunschi Svetlana , Ardelean Dorina
Published: February 2014

The current study presents the best method for a rapid and efficient
extraction of flavonoids from Ficus carica. Dried leaves were extracted using
distilled water and ethanol 70% by extraction method of maceration, microwave
and stirring. Using of TLC and HPLC techniques, the rutin and kaempferol were
detected. For flavonoids extraction ethanol 70% was more efficient than
water. The relative concentration of rutin and kaempferol was higher by
microwave methods ussing ethanol.
Effects of cultivar and year on leaf number in winter barley
Authors: Przulj Novo , Momcilovic Vojislava
Published: February 2014

Leaf appearance in small cereals is the result of leaf primordium initiation
and leaf primordium extension. Final leaf number (FLN) on main stem is
determined by the number of primordia initiated up to the beginning of
floral transition. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of
growing season and cultivar on FLN in winter barley. Twelve cultivars
differing in origin and time of anthesis (early, medium and late) were
tested during six growing seasons (GS), from 2002/03 to 2007/08. FLN across
cultivars and GSs was 13.5. The highest FLN across GSs was in the late,
six-rowed barley cultivar Kredit (14.7) and the lowest in the early,
two-rowed barley cultivar Novosadski 581 (11.3). In regard to earliness, the
lowest FLN was in the early groups of cultivars (12.9) and the highest in
the late ones (13.9). The tested cultivars showed significant variability
in FLN, which can be used for selecting most adaptable genotypes for
specific growing conditions.
Vertebrate fauna of the early and late iron ages in Vojvodina (Serbia)
Authors: Radmanovic Darko , Kostic Desanka , Lujic Jelena , Blazic Svetlana
Published: February 2014

Based on current published and unpublished research results, a total of 34
vertebrate species from 4 classes have been registered at 9 archaeological
sites from the Early Iron Age in Vojvodina (Serbia). The most numerous one is
the mammal class (Mammalia) with 22 species, then osteichthyes class
(Osteichthyes) with 10 species, while birds (Aves) and reptiles (Reptilia)
are repsented with one species each. From the Late Iron Age, at 14
archaeological sites, a total of 21 species were registered, of which 16
belong to the mammal class (Mammalia), birds (Aves) are represented by 2
species, and osteichthyes (Osteichthyes) by 3 species.
Effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibition on quality of recovery from isoflurane-induced anesthesia in horses
Authors: Wiese Ashley J. , Brosnan Robert J. , Barter Linda S.
Published: February 2014

Objective—To compare effects of 2 acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on recovery quality of horses anesthetized with isoflurane.

Animals—6 horses in phase 1, 7 horses in phase 2A, and 14 horses in phase 2B.

Procedures—The study comprised 3 phases (2 randomized, blinded crossover phases in horses undergoing orthopedic procedures and 1 prospective dose-determining phase). In phase 1, horses were anesthetized with isoflurane and received neostigmine or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution prior to anesthetic recovery. Phase 2A was a physostigmine dose-determining phase. In phase 2B, horses were anesthetized with isoflurane and received neostigmine or physostigmine prior to recovery. Objective recovery events were recorded and subjective visual analogue scale scores of recovery quality were assigned from video recordings.

Results—Recovery measures in phase 1 were not different between horses receiving neostigmine or saline solution. In phase 2A, 0.04 mg of physostigmine/kg was the highest cumulative dose that did not cause clinically relevant adverse behavioral or gastrointestinal effects. Horses receiving physostigmine had higher mean ± SD visual analogue scale recovery scores (70.8 ± 13.3 mm) than did horses receiving neostigmine (62.4 ± 12.8 mm) in phase 2B, with fewer attempts until sternal and standing recovery. Incidence of colic behavior did not differ among groups.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Inhibition with physostigmine improved anesthetic recovery quality in horses anesthetized with isoflurane, compared with recovery quality for horses receiving neostigmine. Inhibition of central muscarinic receptors by inhalation anesthetics may underlie emergence delirium in horses recovering from anesthesia.
Comparison of the cardiorespiratory effects of a combination of ketamine and propofol, propofol alone, or a combination of ketamine and diazepam before and after induction of anesthesia in dogs sedated with acepromazine and oxymorphone
Authors: Henao-Guerrero Natalia , Riccó Carolina H.
Published: February 2014

Objective—To evaluate the cardiorespiratory effects of IV administration of propofol (4 mg/kg), ketamine hydrochloride and propofol (2 mg/kg each; K-P), or ketamine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg) and diazepam (0.2 mg/kg; K-D) before and after induction of anesthesia (IoA) in dogs sedated with acepromazine maleate and oxymorphone hydrochloride.

Animals—10 healthy adult Beagles.

Procedures—Each dog was randomly allocated to receive 2 of 3 treatments (1-week interval). For instrumentation prior to each treatment, each dog was anesthetized with isoflurane. After full recovery, acepromazine (0.02 mg/kg) and oxymorphone (0.05 mg/kg) were administered IV. Fifteen minutes later (before IoA), each dog received treatment IV with propofol, K-P, or K-D. Cardiorespiratory and arterial blood gas variables were assessed before, immediately after, and 5 minutes after IoA.

Results—Compared with findings before IoA, dogs receiving the K-P or K-D treatment had increased cardiac output, oxygen delivery, and heart rate 5 minutes after IoA; K-P administration did not change mean arterial blood pressure or stroke volume and decreased systemic vascular resistance. Propofol decreased mean arterial blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance immediately after IoA but did not change heart rate, cardiac output, or oxygen delivery. All treatments caused some degree of apnea, hypoventilation, and hypoxemia (Pao2 < 80 mm Hg).

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In dogs, K-P treatment maintained mean arterial blood pressure better than propofol alone and increased heart rate, cardiac output, or oxygen delivery, as did the K-D treatment. Supplemental 100% oxygen should be provided during IoA with all 3 treatments.
Detection of misfolded prion protein in retina samples of sheep and cattle by use of a commercially available enzyme immunoassay
Authors: Smith Jodi D. , Greenlee Justin J.
Published: February 2014

Objective—To determine the usefulness of retina samples for detection of disease-associated prion protein by use of a commercially available enzyme immunoassay (EIA) intended for rapid identification of sheep and cattle with transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs).

Samples—Retina, brainstem at the level of the obex, and retropharyngeal lymph node samples obtained from 15 TSE-inoculated sheep (scrapie [n = 13] or transmissible mink encephalopathy passaged through a bovid [2]); retina and brainstem samples obtained from 11 TSE-inoculated cattle (transmissible mink encephalopathy passaged through a bovid [7] or classical BSE [4]); and negative control tissue samples obtained from 2 sheep and 2 cattle that were not inoculated with TSEs.

Procedures—Tissue samples were homogenized and analyzed for detection of abnormally folded disease-associated prion protein with a commercially available EIA and 2 confirmatory assays (western blot analysis or immunohistochemical analysis).

Results—Retina sample EIA results were in agreement with results of brainstem sample EIA or confirmatory assay results for negative control animals and TSE-inoculated animals with clinical signs of disease. However, TSE-inoculated animals with positive confirmatory assay results that did not have clinical signs of disease had negative retina sample EIA results. Retina sample EIA results were in agreement with brainstem sample immunohistochemical results for 4 TSE-inoculated sheep with negative retropharyngeal lymph node EIA results.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results of this study suggested that retina samples may be useful for rapid EIA screening of animals with neurologic signs to detect TSEs.
Effects of intrabursal administration of botulinum toxin type B on lameness in horses with degenerative injury to the podotrochlear apparatus
Authors: Gutierrez-Nibeyro Santiago D. , Santos Marcos P. , White Nathaniel A. , Brown James A. , Adams M. Norris , McKnight Alexia L. , Schaeffer David J.
Published: February 2014

Objective—To determine the safety and short-term efficacy of intrabursal administration of botulinum toxin type B (BTXB) to alleviate lameness in horses with degenerative injury to the podotrochlear apparatus (PA).

Animals—10 Quarter Horses with degenerative injury to the PA.

Procedures—Degenerative injury to the PA was confirmed with diagnostic analgesia and imaging. Then, BTXB (3.8 to 4.5 U/kg) was injected into the podotrochlear (navicular) bursa of each horse. Three horses were used in a safety evaluation. Subsequently, video recordings of lameness evaluations were obtained for 7 client-owned horses 5 days before (baseline) and 7 and 14 days after BTXB treatment and used to determine the effect of BTXB injection on lameness; 1 horse was removed from the study 8 days after BTXB treatment. Three investigators who were unaware of the treated forelimbs or time points separately reviewed the recordings and graded the lameness of both forelimbs of the horses.

Results—Improvement in lameness of the treated forelimbs was detected at 1 or both time points after BTXB administration in all horses. However, all horses had some degree of lameness at the end of the study. Two horses developed transient increases in lameness 48 to 72 hours after treatment; lameness resolved uneventfully.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Intrabursal injection of BTXB temporarily alleviated chronic lameness in horses with degenerative injury to the PA, without causing serious short-term adverse effects. Further investigation into the potential use of BTXB in horses affected by degenerative injury to the PA is warranted.
Pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid following subcutaneous administration of a single dose to sheep
Authors: Rivera-Garcia Sarai , Angelos John A. , Rowe Joan D. , Byrne Barbara A. , Wetzlich Scott E. , Van Liew Dana B. , Tell Lisa A.
Published: February 2014

Objective—To determine the pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA) following SC administration of a single dose to sheep.

Animals—9 healthy adult female Suffolk-crossbred sheep.

Procedures—Each sheep was administered 6.6 mg of CCFA/kg, SC, in the cervical region once. Serial blood samples were collected at predetermined intervals for 14 days. Serum concentration of ceftiofur free-acid equivalents (CFAE) was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by compartmental and noncompartmental methods.

Results—Pharmacokinetics for CCFA following SC administration in sheep was best described with a 1-compartment model. Mean ± SD area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 to infinity, peak serum concentration, and time to peak serum concentration were 206.6 ± 24.8 μ•h/mL, 2.4 ± 0.5 μg/mL, and 23.1 ± 10.1 h, respectively. Serum CFAE concentrations ≥ 1 μg/mL (the target serum CFAE concentration for treatment of disease caused by Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida) were maintained for 2.6 to 4.9 days. No significant adverse reactions to CCFA administration were observed.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that adequate therapeutic serum concentrations of CFAE for treatment of disease caused by M haemolytica and P multocida were achieved in sheep following SC administration of a single dose (6.6 mg/kg) of CCFA. Thus, CCFA might be useful for the treatment of common respiratory tract pathogens in sheep.
In vitro effects of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists abciximab and eptifibatide on platelet aggregation in healthy cats
Authors: Magee Aliya N. , Hogan Daniel F. , Sederquist Kimberly A. , Durham Jaylyn A.
Published: February 2014

Objective—To determine effects of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists abciximab and eptifibatide on in vitro inhibition of cat platelets.

Sample—Venous blood samples from 10 healthy cats.

Procedures—Blood samples were anticoagulated with hirudin. Aliquots of whole blood from each cat were allocated to 5 treatments (baseline, 50 μg of abciximab/mL, abciximab volumetric control treatment, 4μM eptifibatide, and eptifibatide volumetric control treatment). Impedance platelet aggregometry was performed with 6.5μM ADP or 32μM thrombin receptor activator peptide (TRAP). Magnitude of platelet aggregation was determined by measuring the area under the curve 15 minutes after addition of ADP or TRAP.

Results—Eptifibatide caused a significant reduction in platelet aggregation, compared with baseline values, for aggregometry with both ADP (median, 50.0; range, 8 to 122 [baseline median, 306.0; baseline range, 130 to 664]) and TRAP (median, 75.5; range, 3 to 148 [baseline median, 219.0; baseline range, 97 to 578]). There was no significant difference in platelet aggregation with abciximab, the abciximab volumetric control treatment, or the eptifibatide volumetric control treatment for aggregometry with ADP or TRAP.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Eptifibatide caused a significant reduction in platelet aggregation in vitro, but there was no identifiable antiplatelet effect for abciximab. Eptifibatide and abciximab have different binding and inhibitory actions; therefore, it can be hypothesized that abciximab would be ineffective in cats because of a lack of receptor binding, reduced binding kinetics, or lack of downstream signaling. Eptifibatide may be useful in identifying hyperreactive platelets in cats in an in vitro platelet inhibitory assay.
The Role of Brand Trust in Male Customers' Relationship to Luxury Brands
Authors: Hur Won-Moo , Kim Minsung , Kim Hanna
Published: February 2014

This study examined the role of brand trust in customers' luxury brand consumption behavior. Perceived value and brand satisfaction were presented within a framework as antecedents of brand trust, while brand loyalty and brand risk were presented as consequences. A face-to-face survey was administered to a sample ( N=400) of men between 25 and 54 years of age who had purchased luxury brand and non-luxury brand suits within the previous three months. The results showed the greater the hedonic value on brand satisfaction, the greater the influence of brand satisfaction on brand trust, and the greater was the effect of brand trust on brand loyalty for luxury brands as compared with non-luxury brands. Similar patterns are identified between luxury and non-luxury brands for the positive relationship between utilitarian value and brand satisfaction and the negative relationship between brand trust and brand risk.
Diversity Effect in Category-Based Inductive Reasoning of Young Children: Evidence from Two Methods
Authors: Zhong Luojin , Lee Myung Sook , Huang Yulan , Mo Lei
Published: February 2014

Previous studies have shown that diverse pieces of evidence, rather than similar pieces of evidence, are considered to have greater strength in adults' inductive reasoning. However, this diversity effect is inconsistently recognized by children. Three experiments using the same materials but different tasks examined whether young children consider the diversity principle in their reasoning. Although Experiment 1 applied a data selection task showed five-year-old children in both China and Korea were not sensitive to the diversity of evidence, Experiments 2 and 3 employed an identification task and demonstrated that children as young as five years were sensitive to diverse evidence. These findings indicated that young children, less than nine years of age, may have diversity effect. Methodological and cultural differences were discussed.
Comparison of the Effects of Two Phonics Training Programs on L2 Word Reading
Authors: Chu Min-Chin , Chen Shu-Hui
Published: February 2014

Empirical evidence shows that explicit phonics teaching is beneficial for English word reading. However, there has been controversy as to whether phonics teaching should incorporate meaning-involved decodable text instruction to facilitate children's word reading. This study compares the effects of phonics teaching with and without decodable text instruction on immediate and delayed English word reading in 117 Taiwanese children learning English, assigned to a Phonics-only group ( n = 58) and a phonics plus decodable text instruction (Phonics+) group ( n = 59). Results showed that although both groups significantly improved in immediate and delayed post-test word reading, the Phonics+ group performed better in both post-tests, but the difference was significant only in the delayed word reading, suggesting a better long-term retention effect produced by Phonics+ teaching. These indicated that incorporated meaning-involved decodable text reading might offer another better facultative linking route for English word reading even for non-alphabetic child learners of English. The findings were discussed from linguistic, psycholinguistic, and reading perspectives, with implications drawn for second/foreign language teaching and research in reading instruction.
The Path to Expertise in Youth Sport: Using a Retrospective Interview in Three Different Competitive Contexts
Authors: Diogo Frederico , Gonçalves Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2014

The goal of this study was to identify contextual factors in the path to excellence in youth sport. 48 male athletes under 17 years of age ( M = 15.7 yr., SD = 1.0) from a soccer academy ( n = 20), a volleyball club ( n = 14), and an elite volleyball center ( n = 14) participated in the study. A standardized, retrospective interview was administered. Demographic information, training loads, and incidence of injuries were also collected. Male soccer players had more years of practice in sport than their male volleyball peers, but elite male volleyball players practiced more hours per week than the other athletes. The perception of intensity of training, physical effort, and concentration in male soccer players was higher than in male volleyball players. The high demands of expertise in professional soccer leads young athletes to begin training at early ages. The results showed that the environment specificity shapes the way young male athletes perceive their participation and commitment in sport.
Assessment of macro-micro element accumulation capabilities of elodea nuttallii under gradient redox statuses with elevated nh4-n concentrations
Authors: Zaman Tanjeena , Asaeda Takashi
Published: February 2014

Aquatic plants often encounter various redox conditions in their natural environment. Elodea nuttallii (Planch.), a submerged aquatic macrophyte, has a flexile ability to use different nutrient sources from various environments. In the present study, Elodea nuttallii was subjected to various redox conditions (+400 mV to -180 mV) at both normal (2.5 ppm) and high (10 ppm) ammonium concentrations and evaluated for macro and micro element accumulation. A reduced environment was prepared by adding glucose to growth medium and nitrogen gas bubbling, while an oxic environment was executed by atmospheric air bubbling. Plants in oxygen-deprived conditions manifested heavy metal (HM) toxicity, such as reduction of biomass and photosynthetic pigments, excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and reduction of major macro elements. In reduced treatments, the bioaccumulation sequence for micro elements was Cu>Mn>Zn>Al>Cd>Fe>Pb at both normal and high NH4-N concentrations. The combined effect of low redox state and high ammonium concentration had a strong physiological impact on the submerged macrophyte. However, macro- and micronutrient accumulation was more significantly affected by reduced environment than by a high NH4-N concentration.