bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Maryland Adults With Young Children Know and Do About Preventing Dental Caries
Authors: Horowitz Alice M. , Kleinman Dushanka V. , Wang Min Qi
Published: April 2013

Objectives. We sought to determine Maryland adults’ knowledge, understanding, opinions, and practices with respect to prevention and early detection of dental caries.

Methods. We conducted a statewide random-digit-dialing, computer-assisted telephone survey in 2010 among 770 adults who had a child aged 6 years or younger living in their home. A traditional random-digit sample and a targeted low-income sample were included. Analyses included frequencies, percentages, the χ2 test, and multivariate logistic regression.

Results. Respondents’ overall level of knowledge about preventing dental caries was low. Those with higher levels of education were more likely to have correct information regarding prevention and early detection of dental caries. Nearly all respondents (97.9%) reported that they were aware of fluoride, but only 57.8% knew its purpose. More than one third (35.1%) of the respondents were not aware of dental sealants. Those with lower levels of education were significantly less likely to drink tap water, as were their children, and significantly less likely to have had a dental appointment in the preceding past 12 months.

Conclusions. Our results demonstrate the need to increase oral health literacy regarding caries prevention and early detection.
The Effect of Internal Possession Laws on Underage Drinking Among High School Students: A 12-State Analysis
Authors: Disney Lynn D. , LaVallee Robin A. , Yi Hsiao-ye
Published: April 2013

Objectives. We assessed the effect of internal possession (IP) laws, which allow law enforcement to charge underage drinkers with alcohol possession if they have ingested alcohol, on underage drinking behaviors.

Methods. We examined Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) data from 12 states with IP laws and with YRBS data before and after each law’s implementation. We used logistic regression models with fixed effects for state to assess the effects of IP laws on drinking and binge drinking among high school students.

Results. Implementation of IP laws is associated with reductions in the odds of past-month drinking. This reduction was bigger among male than among female adolescents (27% vs 15%) and only significant among younger students aged 14 and 15 years (15% and 11%, respectively). Male adolescents also reported a significant reduction (24%) in the odds of past-month binge drinking under IP laws.

Conclusions. These findings suggest that IP laws are effective in reducing underage drinking, particularly among younger adolescents.
Cultivating Constituencies: The Story of the East Harlem Nursing and Health Service, 1928–1941
Authors: D’Antonio Patricia
Published: April 2013

I examine the history of the East Harlem Nursing and Health Service in New York City from its beginnings as a demonstration project in 1922 to its closing in 1941. I explore the less tangible goals, needs, and ambitions of the many different constituents that paid for, delivered, and received health care services. I place these goals, needs, and ambitions as critically important drivers of ultimate success or failure. The East Harlem Nursing and Health Service gained international fame among public health leaders for its innovative and independent nursing practice and teaching. However, it ultimately failed because its commitment was to a particular disciplinary mission that did not meet the needs of the constituent communities it served. From 1928 to 1941, the service focused more on the educational advancement of public health nursing and less on addressing the real health care needs of those in East Harlem.
Offender Diversion Into Substance Use Disorder Treatment: The Economic Impact of California’s Proposition 36
Authors: Anglin M. Douglas , Nosyk Bohdan , Jaffe Adi , Urada Darren , Evans Elizabeth
Published: April 2013

Objectives. We determined the costs and savings attributable to the California Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act (SACPA), which mandated probation or continued parole with substance abuse treatment in lieu of incarceration for adult offenders convicted of nonviolent drug offenses and probation and parole violators.

Methods. We used individually linked, population-level administrative data to define intervention and control cohorts of offenders meeting SACPA eligibility criteria. Using multivariate difference-in-differences analysis, we estimated the effect of SACPA implementation on the total and domain-specific costs to state and county governments, controlling for fixed individual and county characteristics and changes in crime at the county level.

Results. The additional costs of treatment were more than offset by savings in other domains, primarily in the costs of incarceration. We estimated the statewide policy effect as an adjusted savings of $2317 (95% confidence interval = $1905, $2730) per offender over a 30-month postconviction period. SACPA implementation resulted in greater incremental cost savings for Blacks and Hispanics, who had markedly higher rates of conviction and incarceration.

Conclusions. The monetary benefits to government exceeded the additional costs of SACPA implementation and provision of treatment.
Physical Health Effects of the Housing Boom: Quasi-Experimental Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Hamoudi Amar , Dowd Jennifer Beam
Published: April 2013

Objectives. We examined the impact of the dramatic increases in housing prices in the United States in the 1990s and early 2000s on physical health outcomes among a representative sample of middle-aged and older Americans.

Methods. Using a quasi-experimental design, we exploited geographic and time variation in housing prices using third-party valuation estimates of median single-family detached houses from 1988 to 2007 in each of 2400 zip codes combined with Health and Retirement Study data from 1992 to 2006 to test the impact of housing appreciation on physical health outcomes.

Results. Respondents living in communities in which home values appreciated more rapidly had fewer functional limitations, performed better on interviewer-administered physical tasks, and had smaller waist circumference.

Conclusions. Our results indicate that increases in housing wealth were associated with better health outcomes for homeowners in late middle age and older. The recent sharp decline in housing values for this group may likewise be expected to have important implications for health and should be examined as data become available.
Unemployment and Suicide During and After a Deep Recession: A Longitudinal Study of 3.4 Million Swedish Men and Women
Authors: Garcy Anthony M. , Vågerö Denny
Published: April 2013

Objectives. We tested 2 hypotheses found in studies of the relationship between suicide and unemployment: causal (stress and adversity) and selective interpretation (previous poor health).

Methods. We estimated Cox models for adults (n = 3 424 550) born between 1931 and 1965. We examined mortality during the recession (1993–1996), postrecession (1997–2002), and a combined follow-up. Models controlled for previous medical problems, and social, family, and employer characteristics.

Results. During the recession there was no excess hazard of mortality from suicide or events of undetermined intent. Postrecession, there was an excess hazard of suicide mortality for unemployed men but not unemployed women. However, for unemployed women with no health-problem history there was a modest hazard of suicide. Finally, there was elevated mortality from events of undetermined intent for unemployed men and women postrecession.

Conclusions. A small part of the relationship may be related to health selection, more so during the recession. However, postrecessionary period findings suggest that much of the association could be causal. A narrow focus on suicide mortality may understate the mortality effects of unemployment in Sweden.
The Impact of Cigarette Excise Tax Increases on Purchasing Behaviors Among New York City Smokers
Authors: Coady Micaela H. , Chan Christina A. , Sacks Rachel , Mbamalu Ijeoma G. , Kansagra Susan M.
Published: April 2013

Objectives. We examined the relationship between cigarette excise tax increases and tax-avoidant purchasing behaviors among New York City adult smokers.

Methods. We analyzed data from the city’s annual Community Health Survey to assess changes in rates of tax avoidance over time (2003–2010) and smokers’ responses to the 2008 state cigarette tax increase. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified correlates of buying more cigarettes on the street in response to the increase.

Results. After the 2002 tax increase, the percentage of smokers engaged in tax-avoidant behavior decreased with time from 30% in 2003 to 13% in 2007. Following the 2008 tax increase, 21% of smokers reported buying more cigarettes from another person on the street. Low-income, younger, Black, and Hispanic smokers were more likely than respondents with other sociodemographic characteristics to purchase more cigarettes on the street.

Conclusions. To maximize public health impact, cigarette tax increases should be paired with efforts to limit the flow of untaxed cigarettes entering jurisdictions with high cigarette pack prices.
Disparities in Criminal Court Referrals to Drug Treatment and Prison for Minority Men
Authors: Nicosia Nancy , MacDonald John M. , Arkes Jeremy
Published: April 2013

Objectives. We investigated the extent to which racial/ethnic disparities in prison and diversion to drug treatment were explained by current arrest and criminal history characteristics among drug-involved offenders, and whether those disparities decreased after California’s Proposition 36, which mandated first- and second-time nonviolent drug offenders drug treatment instead of prison.

Methods. We analyzed administrative data on approximately 170 000 drug-involved arrests in California between 1995 and 2005. We examined odds ratios from logistic regressions for prison and diversion across racial/ethnic groups before and after Proposition 36.

Results. We found significant disparities in prison and diversion for Blacks and Hispanics relative to Whites. These disparities decreased after controlling for current arrest and criminal history characteristics for Blacks. Proposition 36 was also associated with a reduction in disparities, but more so for Hispanics than Blacks.

Conclusions. Disparities in prison and diversion to drug treatment among drug-involved offenders affect hundreds of thousands of citizens and might reinforce imbalances in criminal justice and health outcomes. Our study indicated that standardized criminal justice policies that improved access to drug treatment might contribute to alleviating some share of these disparities.
Early Life Conditions of Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Inner-City African Americans
Authors: Juon Hee-Soon , Evans-Polce Rebecca J. , Ensminger Margaret
Published: April 2013

Objectives. We examined how early life conditions influence midlife overall and cause-specific mortality in a community cohort of disadvantaged African Americans.

Methods. Using a prospective design, we assessed first-grade children and their teachers and families when children were 6 years old, with follow-up at ages 16, 32, and 42 years. We obtained information on death from family members, neighbors, and the National Death Index (NDI). We conducted a survival analysis and competing risk analysis to examine early life predictors of mortality.

Results. Of 1242 participants, 87 (7%) had died by 2004. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, males who lived in foster care and females with lower math grades in first grade were more likely to die by age 42 years. In multivariate competing risks analysis, hospitalization by the time of first grade was related to mortality from acute and chronic illness. Male gender, being in foster care, and aggressive behavior in first grade were related to mortality from drug use, violence, or suicide.

Conclusions. Early classroom, environmental, and family-level interventions are potentially beneficial in reducing later overall and cause-specific mortality.
Clinical Uncertainties, Health Service Challenges, and Ethical Complexities of HIV “Test-and-Treat”: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kulkarni Sonali P. , Shah Kavita R. , Sarma Karthik V. , Mahajan Anish P.
Published: April 2013

Despite the HIV “test-and-treat” strategy’s promise, questions about its clinical rationale, operational feasibility, and ethical appropriateness have led to vigorous debate in the global HIV community.

We performed a systematic review of the literature published between January 2009 and May 2012 using PubMed, SCOPUS, Global Health, Web of Science, BIOSIS, Cochrane CENTRAL, EBSCO Africa-Wide Information, and EBSCO CINAHL Plus databases to summarize clinical uncertainties, health service challenges, and ethical complexities that may affect the test-and-treat strategy’s success.

A thoughtful approach to research and implementation to address clinical and health service questions and meaningful community engagement regarding ethical complexities may bring us closer to safe, feasible, and effective test-and-treat implementation.
Method Choice in Nonfatal Self-Harm as a Predictor of Subsequent Episodes of Self-Harm and Suicide: Implications for Clinical Practice
Authors: Miller Matthew , Hempstead Katherine , Nguyen Tuan , Barber Catherine , Rosenberg-Wohl Sarah , Azrael Deborah
Published: April 2013

Objectives. We examined time-varying and time-invariant characteristics of nonfatal intentional self-harm episodes in relation to subsequent episodes of self-harm and suicide.

Methods. We conducted a follow-up cohort study through 2007 of 3600 patients discharged from hospitals in New Jersey with a primary diagnosis of intentional self-harm in 2003. We determined repetition of self-harm from hospital records and suicide from state registers.

Results. Use of methods other than drug overdose and cutting in self-harm events, greater medical severity of nonfatal episodes, and a history of multiple self-harm episodes increased the risk of suicide. However, most suicides occurred without these risk factors. Most suicides took place without intervening episodes of self-harm, and most persons used a low-lethality method (drug overdose or cutting) in their index episode, but switched to a more lethal method in their fatal episode.

Conclusions. Our findings suggest that preventing suicide among persons with a history of self-harm must account for the possibility that they will adopt methods with higher case-fatality ratios than they previously tried.
Optimized Unconventional Shale Development With MPD Techniques
Authors: Grayson Brian , Patel Bhavin , Gans Huub
Published: April 2013

The rapid development of unconventional energy plays such as shale oil & gas necessitates "assembly line" approach to well construction and completion technologies. Due to very high number of wells being drilled to explore such promising resources, novel approach to optimize well construction process is necessary. This requires an industrial engineering approach to not only remove non-productive time out of the assembly process, but also drive out the invisible flat time and unrealized inefficiencies of the manufacturing process. This paper will discuss the application MPD to maximize drilling efficiency by optimizing drilling parameters to minimize Mean Specific Energy (MSE) for drilling.

Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) techniques have gained industry wide acceptance for drilling technically challenging prospects and also helping to minimize risks associated with well control and lost circulation hazards. The well construction process in shale plays might be perceived as more benign than some of the challenging environments such as deep-water. However application of MPD to maximize drilling efficiency in shale plays can minimize cost by reducing the field development time.

MPD has been shown to reduce the drilling time by almost 50% through the elimination of known and unknown drilling inefficiencies. Overall drilling performance is impacted through the inherent ability of MPD to quickly identify and control any pressure events and continue drilling versus spending costly time fighting down hole problems. MPD also significantly impacts performance through the optimization of parameters such as mud weight and Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD).

MSE has been a great tool to quantify drilling efficiency. Effect of different drilling parameters such as mud weight, weight on bit and torque on MSE will be discussed. Application of MPD has significant impact on MSE during drilling. This paper will describe how the use of MPD on shale developments, along with other unconventional developments improves the overall drilling efficiency hence allowing for quicker & safer well construction and field development. It will also investigate the added benefit of MPD improving field production through better understanding of productive zones and fracture identification.
Accelerating Field Development and Production via Managed Pressure Drilling
Authors: Showers Danny , Cocchiere Brian , Hansell Travis , Spence Nick
Published: April 2013

Primary drilling challenges related to the Greater Natural Buttes (GNB) field involve lost circulation, gas influxes, and the constant challenges related to accelerating a program in its mature stages of development. The majority of production is derived from naturally fractured tight sandstone members of the Wasatch formation and Mesaverde groups of the Tertiary & Cretaceous periods, which are the drilling targets of concern.

Through the utilization of Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) a decrease in cycle times and a possible increase in production in the GNB field have been observed. The decrease in cycle times can be directly attributed to higher ROP, mitigated gas influxes, and minimized lost circulation management. Continuing research of how the effect of MPD has subsequently contributed to decreasing near wellbore damage and potentially increasing overall production is being conducted.

This paper will quantify the benefit MPD has yielded through ROP advancements, tool life length, mud cost & material reduction, and time related to lost circulation & gas influx management. This paper will also detail our MPD procedures, and take a look at how the effects of a more balanced state between wellbore and formation pressure possibly yields better production related to decreased drilling related invasion.
Integrated Technology Approach to Explore Carbonate Reservoirs in Malaysia Enhances PMCD Potentials and Enables Successful Prospect Evaluations
Authors: Jayah M Noreffendy , Aziz Intan Azian , Drus Zulhilmi , Nesan Thanavathy Patma , Sze Wong Han , Ali Hassan Abdel Aziz , Luntar Pungut
Published: April 2013

The Central Luconia province located in offshore Sarawak (East Malaysia) houses numerous carbonate reservoirs. Some of these reservoirs, especially the pinnacle structures are characterized by the presence of karsts and fractures leading to total mud losses. PETRONAS has been exploring carbonate reservoirs in this area since the 90s. However, as more prospects being explored, the challenge intensifies as the company embarked into exploring remaining carbonate pinnacle structures with primary objective of identifying the gas water contact (GWC) of the prospects. Drilling the well conventionally risk the operations not just in its safety aspect but also deliverability of the well objective and data acquisition plan.

Implementing the variant of the Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) technology called Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling (PMCD) allowed targeted total depths to be reached on several wells. However, reaching total depth alone is not sufficient, as the prospect has to be conclusively evaluated. With the limitations in Logging While Drilling (LWD) capability, prevalent high vibrations in the carbonate section and heterogeneity of the formations, delivering a conclusive formation evaluation result to identify GWC often necessitates acquisition of pore pressure data in the carbonate section – in total losses condition. This mission remains as a big challenge to the industry, which could not be solved by PMCD technology alone. Integration of technology applications is paramount to increase the success rate of data delivery.

The authors present case histories of wells drilled to date, integrated strategies approach employed and lessons learnt as the operator evolves to enhance its carbonate drilling & evaluation capability. The use of Seismic While Drilling (SWD) for reducing top of carbonate uncertainty, the successful use of Composite Bridge Plug (CBP) to isolate wellbore against total losses, formation evaluation strategies in total losses condition, and well killing strategies post a production test are among the areas that will be comprehensively covered in this paper.
Ash Products and Their Economic Profitability
Authors: Rasmusson H. , Sarenbo S. , Claesson T.
Published: April 2013

Sustainable whole-tree harvesting practice requires that nutrient removal from the forest is compensated. Wood
ashes contain all the nutrients, except for nitrogen, that are found in unburned fuel and can also increase soil pH, which
makes ash recycling a natural way to stabilize the nutrient balance and counteract the acidification of forest soils that
occurs due to intensive forest management. Several methods for processing ashes into spreadable products have been
developed. The aim of this paper is to compare these methods. The study mainly focused on an economic evaluation of
production, transportation and the spreading of self-hardened ash, ash pellets and ash granules. Self-hardened ash is
generally considered to be the cheapest alternative to manufactured ash products, but these results imply that the most cost
effective alternative is ash pellets. Around 27% of total costs could be earned from recycling the ash by producing pellets
and 8% if granules are produced instead of self-hardened ash. This partly depends on the higher density of the pellets and
granules and a significant reduction in the number of transportation operations. The reduction in transportation operations
and diesel consumption also has major environmental benefits. Furthermore, it is more efficient to produce granules and
pellets than it is to produce self-hardened ash and it is also easier to produce a reliable product of an appropriate size,
shape and texture for a market that has well defined requirements.
The Theory of Planned Behavior and Prediction of Entrepreneurial Intention Among Chinese Undergraduates
Authors: Yang Jianfeng
Published: April 2013

In this study I tested the validity of the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1991) and found that it could be used to predict entrepreneurial intention in a sample of 1,330 Chinese students. Attitude represented the most effective predictor of entrepreneurial intention, followed by
subjective norms, and then perceived behavioral control. Gender and parents' entrepreneurial experience had a significant impact on entrepreneurial attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and entrepreneurial intention. Effective entrepreneurship education could significantly
enhance perceived behavioral control and entrepreneurial intention.
Coping Strategies of Taiwanese University Students as Predictors of English Language Learning Anxiety
Authors: Kao Po-Chi , Craigie Philip
Published: April 2013

In this study we examined which coping strategies could predict anxiety about learning English as a foreign language. Our participants were 120 Taiwanese university students who completed the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (Horwitz, Horwitz, & Cope, 1986) and the modified
version (Marwan, 2007) of the Foreign Language Anxiety Coping Scale (Kondo & Yang, 2004). The results showed that positive thinking was the coping strategy that the participants used most often when they were experiencing foreign language learning anxiety. Use of the coping strategy of
positive thinking was also the strongest predictor of all coping variables of a lower level of foreign language learning anxiety. The results also revealed that resignation contributed to higher levels of foreign language learning anxiety than did use of other coping strategies. Results in
the current study have implications for both teachers and students to become more aware of the relative efficacy of different coping strategies.
School Principals' Unethical Marketing Practices in Taiwan
Authors: Ho Hsuan-Fu
Published: April 2013

In recent years, the Taiwan government's active promotion of the marketization of education, coupled with a decreasing number of school-age children, has given rise to a highly competitive educational market. As a result, school principals (at all levels) feel compelled to resort to
unethical marketing practices to ensure the survival of their schools. The main purpose in this study was to identify the unethical marketing practices commonly used by school principals in Taiwan, and then determine their prevalence, the degree to which they contravene established ethical
norms, and the circumstances in which school principals are likely to employ them. The results show that whereas bribery is regarded as the most unethical marketing strategy, invasion of privacy was seen as much less serious.
Risk-taking and Impulsive Behaviors: a Comparative Assessment of Three Tasks
Authors: Xu Sihua , Korczykowski Marc , Zhu Senhua , Rao Hengyi
Published: April 2013

We examined the reliability of, and relationships among, the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), the Delay Discounting Task (DDT), and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), with a group of healthy Chinese young adults. The BART and the DDT showed moderate to high test-retest reliability across
3 test sessions conducted at 2-weekly intervals. However, the IGT showed low reliability for session 1 but high reliability for sessions 2 and 3. Between tasks, there were significant correlations only for the BART and the IGT and only for session 2 and session 3. These findings support the
view that impulsivity is a complex construct with no single personality trait underlying the disposition for impulsive behaviors.
Quaternary stratigraphy: Recent changes
Authors: Gaudenji Tivadar , Jovanovic Mladjen
Published: April 2013

Corrections to the Quaternary stratigraphic division of Serbia was
updated/renewed by lowering limit of the Pleistocene / Quaternary to the
beginning of the Gelasian that is at approximately 2.588 million years.
Rather than the officially rejected Penck & Br?ckner Alpine stratigraphic
model, the use of oxygen isotope stages (OIS / MIS) is recommended.
Climatostratigraphic terms glacial and interglacial have a regional
applicability and their use is recommended only in areas where there are
traces of glaciation, while the terms cold and warm stage (or moderate)
stages should be used within the global context. Eopleistocene is a regional
term for the former Soviet Union and due to its uniqueness it can hardly be
applied in the stratigraphical scheme of the Quaternary depostis in Serbia.
With the latest extension of the Lower Pleistocene, further use of
Eopleistocene would lead to further confusion in stratigraphic correlation as
such the use of the Lower / Early Pleistocene or other appropriate
stratigraphic units is recommended.
Spatial distribution of interpolation uncertainity: Case study of isotherm map of Serbia (1991-2009)
Authors: Pejovic Milutin , Bajat Branislav , Lukovic Jelena
Published: April 2013

More widely used geostatistical methods for modeling distributed phenomena
requires the evaluation of the quality of the product (maps) obtained by
their application. The method of evaluation of uncertainty i.e. quality of
the map was described on the example of a map of mean annual air temperature
in Serbia for the period from the years 1991 to 2009 that was obtained from a
relatively small number of samples for the whole country area (110
meteorological stations). The uncertainty of the map, obtained by kriging
interpolation was evaluated by applying a Monte Carlo simulation modeling
method.
Development of geoportal for landslide monitoring
Authors: Sladic Dubravka , Vrtunski Milan , Alargic Ivan , Ristic Aleksandra , Petrovacki Dusan
Published: April 2013

The paper presents the implementation of geoportal for landslide monitoring
which which includes two subsystems: a system for acquisition, storage and
distribution of data on landslides and real time alert system. System for
acquisition, storage and distribution of data on landslides include raster
and vector spatial data on landslides affected areas, as well as metadata.
Alert system in real time is associated with a sensor for detecting
displacement, which performs constant measurements and signals in case of
exceeding the reference value. The system was developed in accordance with
the standards in the field of GIS: ISO 19100 series of standards and OpenGIS
Consortium and is based on service-oriented architecture and principles of
spatial data infrastructures.
Staking-out projected boundaries of natural property Vrsac Mountains using the RTK GPS/glonass method
Authors: Gucevic Jelena , Ogrizovic Vukan , Vasovic Olivera , Delcev Sinisa
Published: April 2013

The existing topographic and cadastral maps of the former Yugoslav republics
are in Gauss-Kr?ger projection on Bessel ellipsoid. For the collected GPS
data to comply with the existing cartographic material, it is necessary to
provide the transformation parameters from WGS84 to Bessel ellipsoid and
according to the principles of cartographic mapping, to make mappings in the
plane of the State Coordinate System (SCS). The aim of this research is to
present the surveying activities necessary for the establishment and
maintenance of digital cartographic basis, which is shown in the test area of
?VRSAC MOUNTAINS?, a Serbian region with outstanding characteristics. In
order to establish a connection between the collected data, it is necessary
to primarily calculate the parameters of transformation from WGS84 into the
SCS. After the vectorisation of projected boundaries from bases made in the
SCS, the transformation of vectorised boundary lines from SCS into the WGS84
is carried out, followed by staking the boundaries. To understand the
fundamental differences in the methodology of using GPS receivers, it is
important to emphasise that the concept of GPS determination of the
coordinates is generally divided into absolute and relative positioning. If
the correct procedure of GPS positioning, applied to certain environmental
conditions, is not followed, the error up to 200 m could be expected.
Conclusions are drawn about the selection of staking methods, related to the
applied instruments and specific field conditions. The stakeout procedures
are given in accordance with the principles of geodetic positioning.
Types of rivers and their dependence of the cartographic projections, example of river Lepenica
Authors: Babovic Stefana
Published: April 2013

The river system of Lepenica was drawn by using the GeoMedia programme in
projections of 1:25 000, 1:50 000 and 1:300 000. Different type of
information was shown using each of these projections, because smaller
projections show more general information, and vice versa. Using the Horton,
Strahler and Schrewe Methods we were able to divide rivers into types
according to their sizes. We are also able to show the density of river
network as well as their physio-geographical characteristics due to their
dependence on each other. Big influence on the current appearance of the
river network is due to one of the physio-geographic factors called geology.
Geological composition of the Lepenica flow is very convoluted. This
convolution is mainly based on their origin but it?s also stratigraphical.
Based on the division of rivers into their types we are able to calculate the
number of watercourses, based on the Schrewe Method. Using this method we can
also make conclusions with regards to density of river network. Placing the
rivers into different classes is mainly used as the basis of watercourse
comparisons. These methods are not only used in hydrology, but also in many
other scientific areas.
Kuznets curve and urban transport the scope of I+M programs
Authors: Jovanovic Miomir
Published: April 2013

In this article possibilities of application of Kuznets Curve in the domain
of urban development and urban transport are tested. Comparative analysis of
GRP per capita, local air pollutant and CO2 emission levels, and different
urban and transport development strategies of world metropolises, clearly
shows that EKC concept and I+M programs are highly overrated.
Cross-cultural validation of the "International affective picture system" (IAPS) on a sample from Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Drace Sasa , Efendic Emir , Kusturica Mirna , Landzo Lamija
Published: April 2013

In this study the normative ratings of the International Affective Picture
System (IAPS, Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention [CSEA], 1995)
were compared with the ratings from a Bosnian sample. Seventy-two psychology
undergraduates from the University of Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
rated valence, dominance and arousal for a stratified sample of 60 pictures
that was selected from the IAPS. Reliability coefficients indicate that the
self-report ratings are internally consistent. The affective ratings from
our sample correlated strongly with the North American ratings at: .95, .81
and .91, respectively for valence, arousal and dominance. Consistent with
expectations, mean valence and dominance ratings did not differ
significantly between the Bosnian and North American sample. Furthermore,
plotting of the Bosnian valence and arousal ratings results in a similar
boomerang shaped distribution as the North American affective ratings. Taken
together, findings obtained from the Bosnian sample confirm the
cross-cultural validity of the IAPS.
Predictors of party evaluation in post-conflict society: The case of Serbia
Authors: Medjedovic Janko , Petrovic Boban
Published: April 2013

The goal of present study is to increase understanding of evaluation of
political parties by exploring their relations with dispositional constructs
conceptually related to political behavior. These are: personality traits,
social attitudes and the Ethos of conflict, which emerges from protracted
violent conflict between societies. The conflict examined in this study
involves Serbs and Albanians in Kosovo. Principal components analysis
conducted on parties? preferences isolated two dimensions which can be
broadly interpreted as Socio-liberal and National-conservative orientation.
Regression analyses have shown that these two dimensions are explained mostly
by the Ethos of conflict, followed by social attitudes and personality
traits. Personality traits of Honesty and Originality predict evaluation
towards Socio-liberal parties. High patriotism and a positive evaluation of
one?s own nation characterize supporters of National-conservative parties,
while Socio-liberal participants have low patriotic attitudes and do not
consider that the aims of Serbian politics in Kosovo automatically exclude
the Kosovo Albanian aims.
Discrimination of faces of the same and other race and gender modulated by familiarity
Authors: Barzut Vesna , Zdravkovic Suncica
Published: April 2013

This study aimed to replicate, for the first time on Serbian population, the
own-race bias (ORB), a classical effect from the face perception domain. The
ORB was additionally contrasted with familiarity and the own-gender bias
(OGB). Recognition accuracy for own race faces was higher in comparison both
to African (Z=3.29, p<0.01) and Asian faces (Z= 2.59, p<0.01). The
introduction of famous faces led to a significant drop in the ORB. However,
in all of the conditions a ?seen before? effect was measured, suggesting
better recognition for own race faces, independent of familiarity. The OGB
was obtained for own-race faces (?2(28, 7) = 119, 34 p <0, 05), while there
were no differences in recognition accuracy between the own and the
other-race faces of the other gender. These results imply that the ORB could
be explained, at least partially, by the OGB. However, these results were
obtained on an exclusively female sample.
Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) as a determinant of peri-implantitis
Authors: Rakic Mia , Nikolic-Jakoba Natasa , Struillou Xavier , Petkovic-Curcin Aleksandra , Stamatovic Novak , Matic Smiljka , Jankovic Sasa , Aleksic Zoran , Vasilic Djurdja , Lekovic Vojislav , Vojvodic Danilo
Published: April 2013

Background/Aim. Peri-implantitis presents inflammatory process that affects
soft and hard supporting tissues of osseointegrated implant based on
inflammatory osteoclastogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate
whether receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) concentrations
in peri-implant crevicular fluid could be associated with clinical
parameters that reflect inflammatory nature of peri-implantitis. Methods.
The study included 67 patients, 22 with diagnosed peri-implantitis, 22
persons with healthy peri-implant tissues and 23 patients with
periodontitis. Clinical parameters from each patient were recorded and
samples of peri-implant/gingival crevicular fluid were collected for the
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis. Results. RANK
concentration was significantly increased in samples from the patients with
periimplantitis when compared to healthy implants (p < 0.0001), where the
average levels were 9 times higher. At the same time RANK concentration was
significantly higher in periimplantitis than in periodontitis sites (p <
0.0001). In implant patients pocket depths and bleeding on probing values
were positively associated with high RANK concentrations (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion. These results revealed association of increased RANK
concentration in samples of periimplant/ gingival crevicular fluid with
peri-implant inflammation and suggests that RANK could be a pathologic
determinant of peri-implantitis, thereby a potential parameter in assessment
of peri-implant tissue inflammation and a potential target in designing
treatment strategies.
Early rehabilitation in patients operated for breast carcinoma
Authors: Popovic-Petrovic Svetlana , Tomic Sanja , Nedeljkovic Miroslav , Popovic Lazar , Matovina Gorana
Published: April 2013

nema
Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty application effect on renal function in patients with renal artery stenosis: A case report on 4 patients
Authors: Mijuskovic Mirjana , Vavic Neven , Rusovic Sinisa , Ignjatovic Ljiljana , Obrencevic Katarina , Radojevic Milorad , Kovacevic Zoran , Cukic Zoran , Petrovic Marijana , Pilcevic Dejan , Tadic-Pilcevic Jelena , Terzic Brankica
Published: April 2013

Introduction. Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is narrowing of one or both renal
arteries or their branches. Clinically significant stenosis involves
narrowing of the lumen, which is approximately 80%. The two most common
causes of its occurrence are atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia.
Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) with stent implantation is
an effective treatment modality that leads to lower blood pressure and
improvement of kidney function. Case report. We presented 4 patients with
significant stenosis of one or both renal arteries followed by the
development of arterial hypertension and renal insufficiency. The causes of
RAS were atherosclerosis in two patients and fibromuscular dysplasia in one
patient. One of the patients had renal artery stenosis of transplanted kidney
that developed 9 month after transplantation. In all the patients, in
addition to clinical signs, doppler screening suspected the existence of
significant renal artery stenosis. The definitive diagnosis was made by
applying computed tomographic angiography (CTA) of renal arteries in 3 of the
patients and in 1 patient by percutaneus selective angiography. All the
patients were treated by application of PTRA with stent implantation followed
by improvement/normalization of blood pressure and kidney function.
Conclusion. Application of PTRA with stent implantation is an effective
treatment of significant stenosis of one or both renal arteries followed by
renal insufficiency.
Writing biomedical research papers in English: A challenge for non-anglophone authors
Authors: Antic Zorica , Todorovic Gordana , Todorovic Ljubomir
Published: April 2013

nema
The Effect of Insulin Infusion on the Metabolites in Cerebral Tissues Assessed With Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Young Healthy Subjects With High and Low Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Karczewska-Kupczewska Monika , Tarasów Eugeniusz , Nikołajuk Agnieszka , Stefanowicz Magdalena , Matulewicz Natalia , Otziomek Elżbieta , Górska Maria , Strączkowski Marek , Kowalska Irina
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE

Insulin may play important roles in brain metabolism. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the central nervous system gives information on neuronal viability, cellular energy, and membrane status. To elucidate the specific role of insulin action in the brain, we estimated neurometabolites with 1H-MRS and assessed their regulation by insulin infusion and their relationship with insulin sensitivity.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We studied 16 healthy young men. 1H-MRS was performed at baseline and after 240 min of euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Voxels were positioned in the left frontal lobe, left temporal lobe, and left thalamus. The ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds (Cho), myo-inositol, and glutamate/glutamine/γ-aminobutyric acid complex (Glx) to creatine (Cr) and nonsuppressed water signal were determined. The participants were divided into subgroups of high (high IS) and low (low IS) insulin sensitivity.

RESULTS

Baseline neurometabolic substrates were not different between the groups. Insulin infusion resulted in an increase in frontal NAA/Cr and NAA/H2O and frontal and temporal Glx/Cr and Glx/H2O and a decrease in frontal Cho/Cr and temporal Cho/H2O and myo-inositol/H2O (all P < 0.05, except temporal Glx/H2O, P = 0.054, NS) in the high-IS, but not in the low-IS, group. Insulin sensitivity correlated positively with frontal NAA/Cr and NAA/H2O and temporal Glx/H2O and negatively with temporal myo-inositol/Cr and myo-inositol/H2O assessed during the second 1H-MRS (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Insulin might influence cerebral metabolites, and this action is impaired in subjects with low whole-body insulin sensitivity. Thus, our results provide a potential link between insulin resistance and altered metabolism of the central nervous system.
Modulation by Dietary Fat and Carbohydrate ofIRS1Association With Type 2 Diabetes Traits in Two Populations of Different Ancestries
Authors: Zheng Ju-Sheng , Arnett Donna K. , Parnell Laurence D. , Smith Caren E. , Li Duo , Borecki Ingrid B. , Tucker Katherine L. , Ordovás José M. , Lai Chao-Qiang
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE

Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) is central to insulin signaling pathways. This study aimed to examine the association of IRS1 variants with insulin resistance (IR) and related phenotypes, as well as potential modification by diet.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Two IRS1 variants (rs7578326 and rs2943641) identified by genome-wide association studies as related to type 2 diabetes were tested for their associations with IR and related traits and interaction with diet in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) study (n = 820) and the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) (n = 844).

RESULTS

Meta-analysis indicated that rs7578326 G-allele carriers and rs2943641 T-allele carriers had a lower risk of IR, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Significant interactions on IR and MetS were found for these two variants and their haplotypes with diet. In GOLDN, rs7578326 G-allele carriers and rs2943641 T-allele carriers and their haplotype G-T carriers had a significantly lower risk of IR and MetS than noncarriers only when the dietary saturated fatty acid-to-carbohydrate ratio was low (≤0.24). In both GOLDN (P = 0.0008) and BPRHS (P = 0.011), rs7578326 G-allele carriers had a lower risk of MetS than noncarriers only when dietary monounsaturated fatty acids were lower than the median intake of each population.

CONCLUSIONS

IRS1 variants are associated with IR and related traits and are modulated by diet in two populations of different ancestries. These findings suggest that IRS1 variants have important functions in various metabolic disorders and that dietary factors could modify these associations.
Fellowship Training in Pediatric Pathology: A Guide for Program Directors
Authors: Rabah Raja M. , Somers Gino R. , Comstock Jessica M. , Buchino John J. , Timmons Charles F.
Published: April 2013

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) has provided guidance for specialty and subspecialty fellowship training programs by defining 6 core competencies that must be met. Furthermore, the ACGME has defined several program requirements for pathology training, including those applicable to several pathology subspecialties. However, the requirements are broad and lack specific details, particularly as they pertain to the unique nature of pediatric pathology. The Fellowship Committee of the Society for Pediatric Pathology examined the ACGME requirements and interpreted the guidelines with respect to their application to training in pediatric pathology. The Committee worked within the ACGME guidelines to provide an expanded and more comprehensive set of guidelines for use by pediatric pathology fellowship directors and trainees. The resultant document lists the educational goals, core competencies, and program requirements with specific application to pediatric pathology. In addition, methods for assessing and documenting the progress of the individual trainees as they progress through each requirement are provided. It is to be emphasized that many of the guidelines set forthwith are flexible, and allowances should be made for individual differences of each training program.
Establishment of Dams and Embankments of Frontier River of North East Part of India: Impact on North-Western Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman MM , Rahman MR , Asaduzzaman M
Published: April 2013

India has built barrages on 17 more rivers in the east and northeast border with Bangladesh. Most of these dams and embankments act as the main barrier to flow water towards downstream like Bangladesh. As a result the rivers of Bangladesh that comes from India are falling in crisis of proper water. A study showed about 30 rivers of north-western part of Bangladesh gets very few water only due to dams and embankment made by India at the upstream of those rivers. Such massive water control projects of India are clearly a threat for a state that lies down of those. Unfortunately, and often ironically, national leaders of our country prefer to negotiate this sensitive matter rather than to make a strong protect of this inhuman and unethical activities. What is more astonishing news is that some time our state policy makers like to keep silent and avoid about it. India is always ready to controlling nature to serve economic development rather than addressing issues of trans-boundary and socio-environmental responsibilities. In fact, Indian plan to divert the water of Frontier Rivers is increasing at an alarming rate for Bangladesh. Here one thing is mentionable that is this types of project even harmful for India also. And peoples of north western state of India are in against of such harmful and high ambitious unnecessary project. Some time they also make a protest against it. Recently China and India are going to establish a large dam at the up Stream of Brahmaputra River. It would impair Indias own plan to link approximately thirty of its own rivers, a project that is bound to affect the downstream riparian state of Bangladesh. As a result drastic fall in the water flow of Teesta during the lean season, especially in February and March will occur in more frequent and will seriously hampers irrigation in Bangladesh. Such international trans-boundary river development projects raise many important issues. They never consider the impact that will impose upon the down stream part like Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v8i1-2.14614 J. Sci. Foundation, 8(1&2): 1-12, June-December 2010