bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rancang Bangun Akuarium Dengan Pengkondisian PH Air Otomatis Berbasis PLTS
Authors: Khoriri Doddy Nur , Hermawan Aditya Chandra , Aribowo Widi , Wardani Ayusta Lukita
Published: March 2024

Many people in Indonesia keep freshwater ornamental fish, including guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata), green growth fish (Gyrinocheilus aymonieri), neon tetra fish (Paracheirodon innesi). Neon tetra fish are popular because of their distinctive striking and bright body lines, while guppy fish are kept because of their ease of care and beautiful color variations, especially in male guppies. Guppy fish can grow well at temperatures of 22°C - 27°C and pH 6.5-7.2. Because managers are busy, this becomes an obstacle in fish cultivation, because the water quality that determines fish development becomes unstable. The results of the PLTS output test for 7 days 7 hours per day from 09.00 – 15.00 WIB can charge the battery with an average voltage of 13.89 V and an average current of 1.2 A and an average power of 14.15 W and can run for 24 hours. O'clock. Testing the battery for 7 days and 7 hours from 09.00 – 15.00 WIB can meet power needs for 24 hours with an average battery voltage of 13.36 V and an average current of 0.71 A. Meanwhile, the test results for the servo motor with a feed weight of 2, 45 grams and a servo motor delay of 2 seconds. Testing the pH of the water using a pH pump showed a change from the initial value of 8.06 to 6.91 and was measured with the PH4502C sensor. Tests without a PH pump showed an increase in changes from the initial pH value of 7.76 to 8.05.
Scada Pada Proses Destilasi Dengan Pengendalian Suhu Menggunakan PID
Authors: Dasa Novfowan Anang , Mieftah Mochammad , Kusuma Wijaya
Published: March 2024

Controlling temperature is crucial because it is the most significant factor in the distillation process. Temperature instability is a result of manual and traditional control, and several errors may occur. Therefore, the low quality of the product that is produced during the distillation process has an additional effect. In order to effectively control or manage the system, an automatic temperature control system is designed using an electronic controller with a closed system control mode that not only delivers setpoint values but also feedback.The procedure of distillation that is being employed involves combining two different kinds of solutions: water and ethanol, which has a boiling point of 78°C.Thermocouple sensors are used to monitor temperature, and PLCs with PID control are used to process the temperature data that are obtained. For plant supervision, control, and data collecting, a SCADA is necessary. A number of tests have been conducted, including near loops with and without PID that are SCADA-monitored. The temperature stability response is then examined by analyzing the outcomes of multiple tests that have been conducted. Values of Kp = 5188, Ti = 182, and Td = 457 were found by using the Ziegler Nichols method to the temperature control of the distillation equipment. Furthermore, the steady state error was no more than 1% and the overshoot characteristics were only 2.5%, according to the system response graph.. From the Ziegler Nichols PID control parameters, it shows a good system response and produces ethanol distillation results with a concentration of 88%.
Posisi Head Up Dapat Meningkatkan Saturasi Oksigen Pada Pasien Stroke : Literature Review
Authors: Sholekhah Elysa Mar’atus , Suyanto Suyanto
Published: March 2024

Stroke is one of the most common diseases in society. One of the nursing management of critical stroke patients is head-up intervention. Objective: to identify whether the head-up position affects the increase in oxygen levels in stroke patients. Research Methods: This type of research is a Literature Review study. The research was conducted by entering the keywords Head Up Position, Oxygen Saturation, and Stroke in the database. Then articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The articles used are articles published in the last 5 years. Results: A number of eight articles said that the head-up position can increase oxygen saturation, whereas two articles said that head up had no effect on increasing oxygen saturation levels. Conclusion: Based on search results and article analysis, it was found that the concept of the head-up position can increase oxygen saturation in stroke patients and cannot be maintained. Suggestion: the concept of the head-up position can increase blood oxygen levels in stroke patients not to be maintained until there are further studies with stronger results
Penerapan Manajemen Cairan Pada Asuhan Keperawatan Anak Dengan Sindrom Nefrotik
Authors: Reza Maulita Firsilia , Dwi Merina Nuning
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms of renal impairment with edema and proteinuria being the main signs. Cases of nephrotic syndrome commonly occur in children. The prevalence of nephrotic syndrome cases in children is 80-90% with no known cause. Nursing problems that arise in this case are related to fluid balance disorders such as excess fluid volume. Fluid management is important in overcoming edema: To analyze nursing care with fluid management measures against edema in children with nephrotic syndrome.  Methods: Case study with short nursing care in children. Samples used 1 patient with nephrotic syndrome with fluid management nursing interventions for 3x24 hours in the form of monitoring fluid intake as needed, 24-hour fluid balance, and collaborative diuretic administration. Results: In nursing care for nephrotic syndrome in children with excess fluid volume problems can be resolved with fluid management.  Conclusion: Fluid management management effectively reduces symptoms of edema and overcomes hypervolemia in nephrotic syndrome. Recommendations to nurses to conduct careful monitoring of signs and symptoms of nephrotic syndrome, including edema, weight loss, blood pressure, and urine. Intensive monitoring can help early detection of changes in condition.
Foot Massage dan Latihan Range of Motion Dapat Mengatasi Gangguan Mobilitas Fisik pada Lansia dengan Stroke
Authors: Dohanis Putri , Rantesigi Nirva
Published: March 2024

Introduction: the elderly are part of the growth process. One of the problems that often occur in the elderly with stroke cases is a decrease in physical mobility. This can be overcome by nursing interventions providing food massage and range of motion exercises. Method: with a case study approach. The research sample was one post-stroke patient who experienced a decrease in muscle strength. by giving foot massage and ROM exercises for 15-30 minutes 2 times a day in the morning and evening for 6 days. Results: there were complaints, weakness in the right extremity, selurred speech, difficulty walking asymmetrical mouth. Nursing interventions identify physical tolerance for movemen. Monitor blood pressure before starting mobilization and ambulation. Implementation facilitates changing positions as comfortable as posibble, providing foot massage and range of montion exercises. Evaluation TTV: 120/90 mmHg, N: 90x/minutes, R: 22x/minutes, S:36.0ᵒC efter being given foot massage and range of montion exercises whit a duration of 15-3o minutes 2 tamies a day in the morning dan evening for 6 days showed that the client eperianced an increase in muscle strength from a score of 2 to 3. Conclusion: giving food massage and range of motion can increase muscle strength. It is hoped that nurses can provide this intervention as a companion to non-pharmacological therapy to overcome physical problems in patients with stroke
O DIRETOR E A CONSTRUÇÃO DO PERSONAGEM FÍLMICO: uma reflexão
Authors: Valério Ana , Sirino Salete Paulina Machado
Published: March 2024

Neste estudo objetiva-se a análise da influência do diretor sobre o processo de construção do personagem cinematográfico, que é executado pelo ator, bem como a consonância da exteriorização do personagem com a expectativa do conceito estético elaborado ao filme pelo diretor.
HISTORIETAS ASSOMBRADAS: Intertextualidade e efeitos de sentido
Authors: Fagundes Mirna Werner , Stecz Solange Straube
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho pretende discutir a intertextualidade da animação Historietas assombradas (para crianças malcriadas) de Vitor Hugo Borges, 2005, utilizando como base os conceitos de dialogismo de Bakhtin, assim como de intertextualidade pela ótica da linguí­stica textual. O estudo em questão visa focar o trabalho em sala de aulas utilizando os filmes de animação com alunos do 1º ano do ensino médio, no qual a teoria introduz aos mesmos à aquisição de noções da maior importância para o domí­nio do discurso e levando-os a perceber a linguagem com maior criticidade contribuindo para o ensino de questões discursivas nas escolas.
ROTAS DO ÔNIBUS 174: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A REPRESENTAÇÃO FICCIONAL E NÃO FICCIONAL DA TRAGÉDIA CARIOCA
Authors: Oliveira Allan Fernando , Pinheiro Fabio Luciano Francener
Published: March 2024

Repousa sobre o cinema documentário uma consciência de que o gênero representa a verdade dos fatos. Mas como essa afirmação seria possí­vel, quando o próprio conceito de verdade se apresenta de forma tão complexa em nossa humanidade? Se o cinema documentário representa a verdade, o que representa o cinema ficcional? Nesse sentido, a teoria versada por Noël Carroll, de asserção pressuposta, parece fundamentar a ótica do ponto de vista na construção audiovisual, independentemente da forma e ou gênero escolhido. Partimos desse ponto inicial para realizar uma análise entre Ônibus 174, de José Padilha, e Última Parada 174, de Bruno Barreto: duas produções que contam a mesma história, mas sob diferentes formas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cinema; Documentário; Ficção; Representação; Noël Carroll.
IMPLICAÇÕES DA IMPROVISAÇÃO NO TEATRO: PROCEDIMENTOS E RECEPÇÃO
Authors: Marcolino Rafaela Ricardo Santos , Rosseto Robson
Published: March 2024

Este artigo discute a improvisação teatral a partir de conceitos empregados por pesquisadores que investigam o improviso nas práticas cênicas, no qual colaboraram para uma reflexão sobre os procedimentos utilizados por determinados coletivos. O texto também discute o papel do espectador em processos teatrais contemporâneos, identificando o uso do improviso como potência no aprofundamento dos estudos cênicos e da experiência de cada artista com o público.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: improvisação teatral; processo colaborativo; recepção.
ENTREVISTA: "QUANDONDE: HAITI2015, UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA EM INTERVENÇÃO URBANA"
Authors: Martins Lúcia Helena , Baffi Diego Elias
Published: March 2024

A presente matéria traça a trajetória artí­stica de Diego Elias Baffi na quandondeintervenções urbanas em arte, o qual relata um pouco sobre suas aspirações e visões dearte site specific, assim como sobre o processo do seu último trabalho, que levou ao filmedocumentário: Saudade: pon.te para o Haiti.
JAIR MORAES E A DANÇA MASCULINA EM CURITIBA: PROPOSTA DE UMA CONSTRUÇÃO BIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Santos Thomas de Lima , Wosniak Cristiane
Published: March 2024

Este artigo se propõe a refletir sobre as narrativas da História Oral na criação de uma biografia. Pretende-se apresentar algumas memórias da vida do bailarino, maître e coreógrafo Jair Moraes e a Cia. Dança Masculina, refletindo a noção de "˜identidade', proposto por Zigmunt Bauman, como a composição de um quebra-cabeça aberto a diferentes interpretações. No contexto no espaço institucional público, a Cia. Dança Masculina Jair Morais também será apresentada enquanto personagem desta construção biográfica, auxiliando a produção de memória artí­stica em Curitiba e por consequência tornando-se instrumento da própria construção histórica.Palavras-chave: biografia de dança. memória. identidade. história oral. Jair Moraes.
AUTORRETRATOS FICCIONAIS: O FEMININO E A (DES)CONFIGURAÇÃO IDENTITÁRIA NA FOTOGRAFIA DE CINDY SHERMAN
Authors: Silva Clarissa Santos
Published: March 2024

Este artigo fará uma breve análise teórica de algumas acepções acerca do gênero feminino; a representação do corpo através da arte fotográfica e a construção imagética da fotógrafa Cindy Sherman em seus ensaios auto-referentes. Buscando observar no trabalho da mesma, a incidência das imbricadas relações entre gênero, identidade e representação na interface fotográfica, suscitando o pensamento nas diferentes formas de (des)configuração do feminino e a subjetivação de suas identidades.
ILUMINAÇÃO CÊNICA: CRIAÇÃO COM RECURSOS ALTERNATIVOS DISPONÍVEIS NA ESCOLA PÚBLICA
Authors: Rocha Henrique Moreno , Luciani Nadia Moroz
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo volta sua atenção para o teatro na escola pública, mais especificamente,como é, ou nem sempre é, pensada a questão da iluminação cênica em espetáculos criadosneste contexto. Através da experiência com a peça de teatro para crianças "A maior flor domundo" , apresentada em uma sala da Escola Municipal Tanira Regina Schmidt, farei umaanálise sobre o processo de criação, montagem e operação da luz do espetáculo e um breveestudo sobre a estrutura geralmente encontrada em escolas públicas. Pretendo, assim,comprovar a importância da iluminação cênica como linguagem significante do espetáculoteatral, investigar suas possibilidades de criação neste tipo de espaço e exemplificar osresultados da pesquisa com o projeto de luz criado.Palavras-chave: Iluminação Cênica; Teatro; Espaço Escolar; Tecnologia Teatral.
UMA ARTE DOS SENTIDOS: A EXPERIÊNCIA DO TEATRO COM PESSOAS CEGAS
Authors: Lima Tamyres Dieb de , Soares Stênio José Paulino
Published: March 2024

O artigo debate as dificuldades que graduandos no curso de licenciatura em teatro daFaculdade de Artes do Paraná podem vir a encontrar ao se depararem com alunos cegosdurante o ensino do teatro, geralmente devido à falta de preparo acadêmico. Através derelatos das alunas que ministraram as oficinas do projeto "Ilusão Ótica: que falta nos faz apalavra" é possí­vel perceber que a ausência dessa capacitação proporciona problemas aténa forma de comunicar-se com deficientes visuais e que muitas vezes, alguns conteúdoscomo maquiagem teatral, por exemplo, acabam por se perder, resultado de uma falta deinstrução. Através de análises de entrevistas e referências bibliográficas, como Rabêllo eRyngaert, discorro um texto onde problematizo a deficiência visual com a técnica teatrale a formação dos futuros professores dessa área. Com a falta de uma vivência durante operí­odo acadêmico, o receio, a criação de barreiras e a desistência, acabam por se tornarum hábito. Sendo assim, como podemos pensar o ensino do teatro para pessoas comdeficiência visual?Palavras-chave: formação do professor de teatro; cegos; teatro com cegos.
Exploring the allelopathic autotoxicity mechanism of ginsenosides accumulation under ginseng decomposition based on integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics
Authors: Wang Rui , Zhou Tingting , Wang Yikai , Dong Jinxu , Bai Yutao , Huang Xin , Chen Changbao
Published: March 2024

Continuous cropping obstacles seriously constrained the sustainable development of the ginseng industry. The allelopathic autotoxicity of ginsenosides is the key “trigger” of continuous cropping obstacles in ginseng. During harvest, the ginseng plants could be broken and remain in the soil. The decomposition of ginseng residue in soil is one of the important release ways of ginsenosides. Therefore, the allelopathic mechanism of ginsenosides through the decomposed release pathway needs an in-depth study. To investigate this allelopathic regulation mechanism, the integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics was applied. The prototype ginsenosides in ginseng were detected converse to rare ginsenosides during decomposition. The rare ginsenosides caused more serious damage to ginseng hairy root cells and inhibited the growth of ginseng hairy roots more significantly. By high-throughput RNA sequencing gene transcriptomics study, the significantly differential expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained under prototype and rare ginsenoside interventions. These DEGs were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and metabolic pathways, phytohormone signal transduction, and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum pathways. Based on the functional enrichment of DEGs, the targeted metabolomics analysis based on UPLC-MS/MS determination was applied to screen endogenous differential metabolized phytohormones (DMPs). The influence of prototype and rare ginsenosides on the accumulation of endogenous phytohormones was studied. These were mainly involved in the biosynthesis of diterpenoid, zeatin, and secondary metabolites, phytohormone signal transduction, and metabolic pathways. After integrating the transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis, ginsenosides could regulate the genes in phytohormone signaling pathways to influence the accumulation of JA, ABA, and SA. The conclusion was that the prototype ginsenosides were converted into rare ginsenosides by ginseng decomposition and released into the soil, which aggravated its allelopathic autotoxicity. The allelopathic mechanism was to intervene in the response regulation of genes related to the metabolic accumulation of endogenous phytohormones in ginseng. This result provides a reference for the in-depth study of continuous cropping obstacles of ginseng.
Appreciations and practices of digital citizenship in the Andean community
Authors: Suing Abel , Alarcon-Llontop Luis-Rolando , Bizberge Ana
Published: March 2024

Digital citizenship implies people's participation in managing their rights and civic engagements. However, definitions clash with reality due to institutional conditions, perceptions, and limited information literacy skills. In this context, it is of interest to determine the perceptions, forms of intervention and treatment of the concept of digital citizenship from the perspectives of citizens and the media in the Andean countries (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru). The methodology is qualitative and quantitative with a descriptive scope. The research techniques used are a survey, semi-structured interviews and content analysis. 497 people from the Andean countries responded to an online questionnaire between 16 June and 23 July 2023. Participants were selected on the basis of non-probabilistic sampling. The semi-structured interviews were conducted between 15 and 30 May 2023 through Zoom; and the sample of newspaper articles corresponds to quotas. It is concluded that the media and social networks are effective tools for citizen participation, but it is suggested that the agendas to be revised to include the voices of the protagonists. There is a predominance of an instrumental conception, and social networks have been valued as means of communication. Andean inhabitants show resistance to the defense of rights or the management of social change, which could be fostered through a conscious and broad exercise of digital citizenship.
Hybrid stage 1 palliation for HLHS: the experience of a tertiary center in a developing country
Authors: Bitar Fouad , El-Rassi Issam M. , Zareef Rana , Jassar Yehya , Abboud Jennifer , Bulbul Ziad , Bitar Fadi , Arabi Mariam
Published: March 2024

Background

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) accounts for 2.6% of congenital heart disease and is an invariably fatal cardiac anomaly if left untreated. Approximately 33,750 babies are born annually with HLHS in developing countries. Unfortunately, the majority will not survive due to the scarcity of resources and the limited availability of surgical management.

Aim

To describe and analyze our experience with the hybrid approach in the management of HLHS in a developing country.

Methods

We performed a retrospective single-center study involving all neonates born with HLHS over five years at the Children's Heart Center at the American University of Beirut. The medical records of patients who underwent the hybrid stage 1 palliation were reviewed, and data related to baseline characteristics, procedure details and outcomes were collected to describe the experience at a tertiary care center in a developing country.

Results

A total of 18 patients were diagnosed with HLHS over a five-year period at our institution, with male to female ratio of 1:1. Of those, eight patients underwent the hybrid stage I procedure. The mean weight at the time of the procedure was 3.3 ± 0.3 kg with an average age of 6.4 ± 4 days. The mean hospital length of stay was 27.25 days, with an interquartile range of 33 days. The cohort's follow-up duration averaged 5.9 ± 3.5 years. The surgical mortality was zero. Only one mortality was recorded during the interstage period between stage I and II and was attributed to sepsis. Notably, all surviving patients maintained preserved and satisfactory cardiac function with good clinical status.

Conclusion

Our limited experience underscores the potential of developing countries with proper foundations to adopt the hybrid procedure for HLHS, yielding outcomes on par with those observed in developed countries. This demonstrates the viability of establishing a more balanced global landscape for children with congenital heart disease.
Cellular adaptations of the scleractinian coral Madracis pharensis to chronic oil pollution in a Mediterranean shipwreck
Authors: Nardi Alessandro , Resaikos Vasilis , Papatheodoulou Magdalene , Di Carlo Marta , Vedhanarayanan Harini , Regoli Francesco , Gorbi Stefania , Jimenez Carlos
Published: March 2024

Chemical pollution in marine ecosystems is a factor of stress interacting in multiple and complex ways with other major causes of deterioration, such as warming seas due to climate change. Here we surveyed epibenthic communities from a shipwreck in the Levantine Basin for temporal and spatial changes in the community in relation to chronic oil pollution, comparing results collected from an area of the wreck characterized by chronic oil leakage with another area not affected by oil. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) bioaccumulation analyses were integrated with characterization of the efficiency of xenobiotics biotransformation processes and antioxidant network of the scleractinian coral Madracis pharensis, chosen as bioindicator species. Results highlighted the two areas hosting different epibenthic communities over a period of 11 years. Significant changes in the percentage cover of M. pharensis could be the result of recent mass mortality associated to Marine Heat Waves. Biological investigation conducted in M. pharensis tissues revealed an increased content of PAHs in specimens collected from the oil-impacted area, coupled with an increased capability of oxyradicals scavenging capacity and a lower functionality of phase II biotransformation mechanisms associated to glutathione S-transferase. Overall, the results suggest that M. pharensis has the capability to develop cellular and physiological adaptations to chemical-mediated stress, with yet unknown possible energy trade-offs to sustain stress response.
Spatial differences, distribution dynamics and driving factors of the synergy between marine ecological security and high-quality development in three major marine economic circles of China
Authors: Ni Ran , Guan Hongjun , Wang Yichuan , Liu Yilin
Published: March 2024

Introduction

In China, the sustainable development of the marine is facing a prominent contradiction between ecological security and economic development, as well as unbalanced and non-coordinated regional development. Exploring the regional differences in the synergy between marine ecological security (MES) and high-quality development of the marine economy (MHQD) and its driving mechanism is the key to optimizing the spatial distribution of marine development, promoting the synergistic and balanced development of the regional marine composite system during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period.

Methods

In this article, we employed the Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition model and Kernel density estimation methods to reveal the evolution of regional differences, sources, and distributional dynamics of synergistic development of the composite system from 2009 to 2020. Meanwhile, spatial econometric analyses were applied to identify the influencing factors and spatial spillover effects.

Results

The level of synergistic development of composite system has a fluctuating upward trend, with a significant positive spatial correlation and a significant “polarization effect”. Inter-regional differences in the synergistic development of the composite system are the main source of the overall differences. Factors such as innovation-driven, human capital, and opening up to the outside world are important driving factors for the synergistic development of the composite system.

Discussion

The MES-MHQD composite system exhibits a low level of synergistic development, with significant differences in the level of synergy both among the 3MMECs and within each circle. We infer that the expansion trend of overall difference will constrain the exploration of a sustainable development path for China’s coastal regions in the future. It is necessary to optimize the spatial layout of the composite system, establish robust mechanisms for regional cooperation and communication, accurately identify the development bottlenecks of the regional composite systems. This study provides a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for the promotion of the synergistic development of the composite system of the Three Major Marine Economic Circles (3MMECs) in China.
Identification and genomic characterization of Pseudomonas spp. displaying biocontrol activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in lettuce
Authors: Albert Daphné , Zboralski Antoine , Ciotola Marie , Cadieux Mélanie , Biessy Adrien , Blom Jochen , Beaulieu Carole , Filion Martin
Published: March 2024

Lettuce is an economically major leafy vegetable that is affected by numerous diseases. One of the most devastating diseases of lettuce is white mold caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Control methods for this fungus are limited due to the development of genetic resistance to commonly used fungicides, the large number of hosts and the long-term survival of sclerotia in soil. To elaborate a new and more sustainable approach to contain this pathogen, 1,210 Pseudomonas strains previously isolated from agricultural soils in Canada were screened for their antagonistic activity against S. sclerotiorum. Nine Pseudomonas strains showed strong in vitro inhibition in dual-culture confrontational assays. Whole genome sequencing of these strains revealed their affiliation with four phylogenomic subgroups within the Pseudomonas fluorescens group, namely Pseudomonas corrugata, Pseudomonas asplenii, Pseudomonas mandelii, and Pseudomonas protegens. The antagonistic strains harbor several genes and gene clusters involved in the production of secondary metabolites, including mycin-type and peptin-type lipopeptides, and antibiotics such as brabantamide, which may be involved in the inhibitory activity observed against S. sclerotiorum. Three strains also demonstrated significant in planta biocontrol abilities against the pathogen when either inoculated on lettuce leaves or in the growing substrate of lettuce plants grown in pots. They however did not impact S. sclerotiorum populations in the rhizosphere, suggesting that they protect lettuce plants by altering the fitness and the virulence of the pathogen rather than by directly impeding its growth. These results mark a step forward in the development of biocontrol products against S. sclerotiorum.
Nanopore sequencing for identification and characterization of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. from tilapia and shrimp sold at wet markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Rheman Shafiq , Hossain Sabrina , Sarker Md Samun , Akter Farhana , Khor Laura , Gan Han Ming , Powell Andy , Card Roderick M. , Hounmanou Yaovi Mahuton Gildas , Dalsgaard Anders , Mohan Chadag Vishnumurthy , Bupasha Zamila Bueaza , Samad Mohammed A. , Verner-Jeffreys David W. , Delamare-Deboutteville Jérôme
Published: March 2024

Wet markets in low-and middle-income countries are often reported to have inadequate sanitation resulting in fecal contamination of sold produce. Consumption of contaminated wet market-sourced foods has been linked to individual illness and disease outbreaks. This pilot study, conducted in two major wet markets in Dhaka city, Bangladesh during a 4-month period in 2021 aimed to assess the occurrence and characteristics of Escherichia coli and non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (NTS) from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Fifty-four individuals of each species were collected. The identity of the bacterial isolates was confirmed by PCR and their susceptibility toward 15 antimicrobials was tested by disk diffusion. The whole genome of 15 E. coli and nine Salmonella spp. were sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technology. E. coli was present in 60–74% of tilapia muscle tissue and 41–44% of shrimp muscle tissue. Salmonella spp. was found in skin (29%) and gills (26%) of tilapia, and occasionally in muscle and intestinal samples of shrimp. The E. coli had several Multilocus sequence typing and serotypes and limited antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants, such as point mutations on glpT and pmrB. One E. coli (BD17) from tilapia carried resistance genes for beta-lactams, quinolones, and tetracycline. All the E. coli belonged to commensal phylogroups B1 and A and showed no Shiga-toxin and other virulence genes, confirming their commensal non-pathogenic status. Among the Salmonella isolates, five belonged to Kentucky serovar and had similar AMR genes and phenotypic resistance patterns. Three strains of this serovar were ST198, often associated with human disease, carried the same resistance genes, and were genetically related to strains from the region. The two undetermined sequence types of S. Kentucky were distantly related and positioned in a separate phylogenetic clade. Two Brunei serovar isolates, one Augustenborg isolate, and one Hartford isolate showed different resistance profiles. This study revealed high fecal contamination levels in tilapia and shrimp sold at two main wet markets in Dhaka. Together with the occurrence of Salmonella spp., including S. Kentucky ST198, a well-known human pathogen, these results stress the need to improve hygienic practices and sanitation standards at markets to improve food safety and protect consumer health.
Association between gut microbiota and Hirschsprung disease: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Wei , Yan Hanlei , Jia Wanying , Huang Jingjing , Fu Zihao , Xu Wenyao , Yu Hui , Yang Weili , Pan Weikang , Zheng Baijun , Liu Yong , Chen Xinlin , Gao Ya , Tian Donghao
Published: March 2024

Background

Several studies have pointed to the critical role of gut microbiota (GM) and their metabolites in Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) pathogenesis. However, the detailed causal relationship between GM and HSCR remains unknown.

Methods

In this study, we used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationship between GM and HSCR, based on the MiBioGen Consortium’s genome-wide association study (GWAS) and the GWAS Catalog’s HSCR data. Reverse MR analysis was performed subsequently, and the sensitivity analysis, Cochran’s Q-test, MR pleiotropy residual sum, outlier (MR-PRESSO), and the MR-Egger intercept were used to analyze heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. 16S rDNA sequencing and targeted mass spectrometry were developed for initial validation.

Results

In the forward MR analysis, inverse-variance weighted (IVW) estimates suggested that Eggerthella (OR: 2.66, 95%CI: 1.23–5.74, p = 0.01) was a risk factor for HSCR, while Peptococcus (OR: 0.37, 95%CI: 0.18–0.73, p = 0.004), Ruminococcus2 (OR: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.11–0.91, p = 0.03), Clostridiaceae1 (OR: 0.22, 95%CI: 0.06–0.78, p = 0.02), Mollicutes RF9 (OR: 0.27, 95%CI: 0.09–0.8, p = 0.02), Ruminococcaceae (OR: 0.16, 95%CI: 0.04–0.66, p = 0.01), and Paraprevotella (OR: 0.45, 95%CI: 0.21–0.98, p = 0.04) were protective factors for HSCR, which had no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. However, reverse MR analysis showed that HSCR (OR: 1.02, 95%CI: 1–1.03, p = 0.049) is the risk factor for Eggerthella. Furthermore, some of the above microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were altered in HSCR, showing a correlation.

Conclusion

Our analysis established the relationship between specific GM and HSCR, identifying specific bacteria as protective or risk factors. Significant microbiota and SCFAs were altered in HSCR, underlining the importance of further study and providing new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment.
Predicting postinterventional rupture of intracranial aneurysms using arteriography-derived radiomic features after pipeline embolization
Authors: Ma Chao , Liang Shikai , Liang Fei , Lu Ligong , Zhu Haoyu , Lv Xianli , Yang Xuejun , Jiang Chuhan , Zhang Yupeng
Published: March 2024

Background and purpose

Postinterventional rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) remains a severe complication after flow diverter treatment. However, potential hemodynamic mechanisms underlying independent predictors for postinterventional rupture of IAs remain unclear. In this study, we employed arteriography-derived radiomic features to predict this complication.

Methods

We included 64 patients who underwent pipeline flow diversion for intracranial aneurysms, distinguishing between 16 patients who experienced postinterventional rupture and 48 who did not. We performed propensity score matching based on clinical and morphological factors to match these patients with 48 patients with postinterventional unruptured IAs at a 1:3 ratio. Postinterventional digital subtraction angiography were used to create five arteriography-derived perfusion parameter maps and then radiomics features were obtained from each map. Informative features were selected through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method with five-fold cross-validation. Subsequently, radiomics scores were formulated to predict the occurrence of postinterventional IA ruptures. Prediction performance was evaluated with the training and test datasets using area under the curve (AUC) and confusion matrix-derived metrics.

Results

Overall, 1,459 radiomics features were obtained, and six were selected. The resulting radiomics scores had high efficacy in distinguishing the postinterventional rupture group. The AUC and Youden index were 0.912 (95% confidence interval: 0.767–1.000) and 0.847 for the training dataset, respectively, and 0.938 (95% confidence interval, 0.806–1.000) and 0.800 for the testing dataset, respectively.

Conclusion

Radiomics scores generated using arteriography-derived radiomic features effectively predicted postinterventional IA ruptures and may aid in differentiating IAs at high risk of postinterventional rupture.
Complications of oropharyngeal dysphagia in older individuals and patients with neurological disorders: insights from Mataró hospital, Catalonia, Spain
Authors: Karunaratne Tennekoon B. , Clavé Pere , Ortega Omar
Published: March 2024

Background

Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) significantly impacts older individuals and neurologically compromised patients, hindering safe ingestion of food and liquids. Despite its prevalence, OD remains underdiagnosed and undertreated, leading to severe complications such as malnutrition, dehydration, respiratory infections, and aspiration pneumonia (AP), and increases hospital readmissions.

Objectives

This study analyzes the intricate relationship between OD and various clinical complications in older individuals and patients with neurological disorders.

Methods

Utilizing retrospective analysis and narrative review, our work consolidates findings from prior studies on Hospital de Mataro’s dysphagia patient cohort. Revisiting OD’s intricate association with clinical complications, it presents data via odds ratios (OR), incidence ratios (IR), and hazard ratios (HR) from univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

Five studies (2001–2014) involving 3,328 patients were scrutinized. OD exhibited independent and significant associations with various complications among older patients. Older individuals with OD faced heightened 1-month (ODDS 3.28) and 1-year (OR 3.42) mortality risks post-pneumonia diagnosis. OD correlated with a 2.72-fold risk of malnutrition, 2.39-fold risk of lower respiratory tract infections, 1.82-fold pneumonia readmissions (IR), and 5.07-fold AP readmissions (IR). Post-stroke OD is linked to neurological impairment (OR 3.38) and respiratory (OR 9.54) and urinary infections (OR 7.77), alongside extended hospital stays (beta coefficient 2.11).

Conclusion

Oropharyngeal dysphagia causes and significantly exacerbates diverse clinical complications in older and post-stroke patients, emphasizing the urgent need for proactive identification, comprehensive assessment, and tailored management. Acknowledging OD’s broader implications in general medical practice is pivotal to improving patient outcomes and healthcare quality.
The changing landscape of palliative epilepsy surgery for Lennox Gastaut Syndrome
Authors: Al-Ramadhani Ruba , Hect Jasmine L. , Abel Taylor J.
Published: March 2024

Lennox Gastaut Syndrome (LGS) is characterized by drug-resistant epilepsy that typically leads to decreased quality of life and deleterious neurodevelopmental comorbidities from medically refractory seizures. In recent years there has been a dramatic increase in the development and availability of novel treatment strategies for Lennox Gastaut Syndrome patient to improve seizure. Recent advances in neuromodulation and minimally invasive magnetic resonance guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) have paved the way for new treatments strategies including deep brain stimulation (DBS), responsive neurostimulation (RNS), and MRgLITT corpus callosum ablation. These new strategies offer hope for children with drug-resistant generalized epilepsies, but important questions remain about the safety and effectiveness of these new approaches. In this review, we describe the opportunities presented by these new strategies and how each treatment strategy is currently being employed. Next, we will critically assess available evidence for these new approaches compared to traditional palliative epilepsy surgery approaches, such as vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) and open microsurgical corpus callosotomy (CC). Finally, we will describe future directions that would help define which of the available strategies should be employed and when.
Cigarette smoking and mammographic breast density in post-menopausal women from the EPIC Florence cohort
Authors: Bendinelli Benedetta , Caini Saverio , Assedi Melania , Ermini Ilaria , Pastore Elisa , Facchini Luigi , Gilio Maria Antonietta , Duroni Giacomo , Fontana Miriam , Querci Andrea , Ambrogetti Daniela , Saieva Calogero , Masala Giovanna
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Cigarette smoking has been recognized as a risk factor for breast cancer (BC) also if the biological mechanism remains poorly understood. High mammographic breast density (MBD) is associated with BC risk and many BC risk factors, such as genetic, anthropometric, reproductive and lifestyle factors and age, are also able to modulate MBD. The aim of the present study was to prospectively explore, in post-menopausal women, the association between smoking habits and MBD, assessed using an automated software, considering duration and intensity of smoking.

Methods

The analysis was carried out in 3,774 women enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Florence cohort in 1993-98, participating in the 2004-06 follow up (FU) and with at least one full-field digital mammography (FFDM) performed after FU. For each woman, detailed information on smoking habits, anthropometry, lifestyle and reproductive history was collected at enrollment and at FU. Smoking information at baseline and at FU was integrated. The fully automated Volpara™ software was used to obtain total breast volume (cm3), absolute breast dense volume (DV, cm3) and volumetric percent density (VPD, %) from the first available FFDM (average 5.3 years from FU). Multivariable linear regression models were applied to evaluate the associations between smoking habits and VPD or DV.

Results

An inverse association between smoking exposure and VPD emerged (Diff% -7.96%, p <0.0001 for current smokers and -3.92%, p 0.01 for former smokers, compared with non-smokers). An inverse dose-response relationship with number of cigarettes/day, years of smoking duration and lifetime smoking exposure (pack-years) and a direct association with time since smoking cessation among former smokers emerged. Similar associations, with an attenuated effect, emerged when DV was considered as the outcome variable.

Discussion

This longitudinal study confirms the inverse association between active smoking, a known risk factor for BC, and MBD among post-menopausal women. The inclusion of smoking habits in the existing BC risk prediction models could be evaluated in future studies.
Experimental evidence for anti-metastatic actions of apigenin: a mini review
Authors: Oh Hyeon-Muk , Cho Chong-Kwan , Lee Nam-Hun , Son Chang-Gue
Published: March 2024

Cancer metastasis is responsible for the majority of cancer-related deaths. Accordingly, to reduce metastasis remains a vital challenge in clinical practice, and phytochemicals have taken an attention as anti-metastatic agents. Apigenin, a plant flavone, showed anti-cancer effects against in various animal models, moreover its potentials inhibiting tumor metastasis have been reported. Herein, we analyzed the overall features at what apigenin inhibited metastasis and its action modes. We searched for articles in MEDLINE (Pubmed), EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) through March 2023. Total 6 animal studies presented anti-metastatic effects of apigenin using 5 difference experimental models, while the mechanisms involved modulations of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), angiogenesis, and various metastasis-related signaling pathways. This review provides an overall potential of apigenin as a candidate reducing the risk of cancer metastasis.
Incidence and predictors of virological failure among children receiving first-line anti-retroviral treatment in public comprehensive specialized hospitals found in Northeast Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study
Authors: Abebe Estifanos Belay , Gebregeorgis Meseret Ekubay , Seid Fuad Ahmed , Zemariam Alemu Birara , Dejene Tadesse Mamo , Masresha Seteamlak Adane
Published: March 2024

Background

Despite anti-retroviral treatment coverage in resource-limited countries being highly appreciated, the occurrence of first-line virological failure remains a priority agenda. Therefore, this study serves as an input for evidence of virological failure among children.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the incidence and predictors of virological failure among children receiving first-line anti-retroviral treatment in public comprehensive specialized hospitals found in Northeast Ethiopia through a retrospective follow-up study.

Methods

A multicenter institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted on the medical records of 481 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children who were on first-line anti-retroviral therapy from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2021. Data were retrieved from 15 May to 15 June 2022 at three public comprehensive specialized hospitals. Study participants were recruited using a simple random sampling technique. STATA-14 was used to analyze the data, which was entered using EpiData version 4.6.2.0. The Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to estimate the survival. Both bivariable and multivariable Cox regression models were fitted to identify predictors. Finally, adjusted hazards ratios (AHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed, and variables with a P-value of <0.05 were considered statistically significant predictors of virological failure.

Result

A total of 481 children records were included in the final analysis, with an observed follow-up period of 16,379 person-months. Among these, 60 (12.47%) had developed virological failure, resulting in an overall incidence density rate of 3.67 (95% CI; 2.84, 4.73) per 1000 person-month observations. The hazards of virological failure (VF) among children were found to be increased by being in recent WHO stages III and IV (AHR = 3.688; 95% CI: 1.449–6.388), poor adherence to anti-retroviral treatment (ART) (AHR = 3.506; 95% CI: 1.711–7.234), and living in a rural environment (AHR = 5.013; 95% CI: 1.958–8.351). Conversely, the hazard of VF was reduced by 60% when the age of caregivers was less than 40 years (AHR = 0.405; 0.003–0.449).

Conclusion and recommendations

The incidence rate of virological failure was relatively high. Living in a rural area, poor adherence to ART, being in a recent advanced WHO clinical stage, and having a caregiver of 40 years of age or older were all independent predictors of virological failure in children. Patients or parents (caregivers) need to be aware of the importance of strictly adhering to treatment regimens to prevent virological failure.
Prone position in the mechanical ventilation of acute respiratory distress syndrome children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Qin Wen , Mao Lei , Shen Yue , Zhao Li
Published: March 2024

Background

Prone position has been well recognized for the treatment of adult acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We aimed to evaluate the role of prone position in the mechanical ventilation in children with ARDS, to provide evidence to the treatment and care of children with ARDS.

Methods

We searched the Pubmed et al. databases by computer until January 23, 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the role of prone position in the mechanical ventilation in children with ARDS. We evaluated the quality of included studies according to the quality evaluation criteria recommended by the Cochrane library. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results

7 RCTs involving 433 children with ARDS were included. Meta-analysis indicated that prone position is beneficial to improve the arterial oxygenation pressure [MD = 4.27 mmHg, 95% CI (3.49, 5.06)], PaO2/FiO2 [MD = 26.97, 95% CI (19.17, 34.77)], reduced the oxygenation index [MD = −3.52, 95% CI (−5.41, −1.64)], mean airway pressure [MD = −1.91 cmH2O, 95% CI (−2.27, −1.55)] and mortality [OR = 0.33, 95% CI (0.15, 0.73), all P < 0.05]. There were no statistical differences in the duration of mechanical ventilation between the prone position group and control group [MD = −17.01, 97.27, 95% CI (−38.28, 4.26), P = 0.12]. Egger test results showed that no significant publication bias was found (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Prone position ventilation has obvious advantages in improving oxygenation, but there is no significant improvement in the time of mechanical ventilation in the treatment of children with ARDS. In the future, more large-sample, high-quality RCTs are still needed to further analyze the role of prone position in the mechanical ventilation in children with ARDS.