bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
การใช้ระบบติดตามทางไกลในการรักษาด้วยเครื่องอัดอากาศแรงดันบวกต่อเนื่องในผู้ป่วยชาวเอเชียที่มีภาวะหยุดหายใจขณะหลับจากการอุดกั้น
Authors:   , จำปาเงิน วรวัฒน์
Published: September 2023

วัตถุประสงค์ เพื่อศึกษาผลของการใช้ระบบติดตามทางไกลร่วมกับการรักษาด้วยเครื่องอัดอากาศแรงดันต่อเนื่องในการเพิ่มชั่วโมงการใช้งานเครื่องต่อคืนและเพิ่มความร่วมมือในการรักษาในผู้ป่วยชาวเอเชียที่มีภาวะหยุดหายใจขณะหลับจากการอุดกั้นระดับปานกลางถึงรุนแรง

วิธีการวิจัย รวบรวมชาวเอเชียวัยผู้ใหญ่ที่มีอายุตั้งแต่ 18 ปีถึง 70 ปี และได้รับการวินิจฉัยภาวะหยุดหายใจขณะหลับจากการอุดกั้นระดับปานกลางถึงรุนแรง โดยสุ่มผู้ป่วยเป็นสองกลุ่ม กลุ่มละ 30 ราย ได้แก่กลุ่มที่ใช้เครื่องอัดอากาศแรงดันบวกชนิดต่อเนื่องที่มีระบบติดตามทางไกล (กลุ่มทดลอง) และกลุ่มที่ได้รับการดูแลตามปกติ (กลุ่มควบคุม)  ผลลัพธ์หลักคือจำนวนชั่วโมงใช้งานเครื่องต่อคืนเมื่อติดตามสี่สัปดาห์ 

ผลการศึกษา ร้อยละเจ็ดสิบของอาสาสมัครเป็นเพศชายและมีค่าดัชนีหยุดหายใจเฉลี่ยที่ 50.3 ครั้งต่อชั่วโมง จำนวนชั่วโมงการใช้งานเครื่องต่อคืนโดยเฉลี่ยที่สี่สัปดาห์สูงกว่าแต่ไม่มีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติในกลุ่มทดลอง (5.16 ±1.47 ชั่วโมงต่อคืนในกลุ่มทดลองและ 4.42 ±1.91 ชั่วโมงต่อคืน ในกลุ่มควบคุม ค่า p-value = 0.1ๅ) อัตราส่วนของอาสาสมัครที่ให้ความร่วมมือในการรักษาสูงกว่าอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติในกลุ่มทดลอง (ร้อยละ 64.2 ในกลุ่มทดลองและร้อยละ 34.4 ในกลุ่มควบคุม ค่า p-value = 0.03) ค่ามัธยฐานของปริมาณลมรั่วน้อยกว่าอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติในกลุ่มทดลอง (5.1 ± 3.4 ลิตรต่อนาทีในกลุ่มทดลอง 10.0 ± 8.7 ลิตรต่อนาทีในกลุ่มควบคุม ค่า p-value = 0.018) การใช้ระบบติดตามทางไกลทำให้คุณภาพการนอนหลับดีขึ้นโดยมีค่ามัธยฐานของคะแนนดีขึ้น 3 ± 4 คะแนน กลุ่มควบคุมมีคะแนนดีขึ้น 1 ± 3 คะแนน (p-value = 0.02) คะแนนความง่วงนอนตอนกลางวันและภาวะแทรกซ้อนจากใช้เครื่องไม่มีความแตกต่างกันระหว่างสองกลุ่ม

สรุป การใช้ระบบติดตามทางไกลที่ผู้ป่วยชาวเอเชียที่มีภาวะหยุดหายใจขณะหลับจากการอุดกั้น สามารถเพิ่มจำนวนชั่วโมงการใช้งานต่อคืน และสามารถเพิ่มความร่วมมือในการรักษารวมถึงคุณภาพการนอนหลับ
อัตราการเกิดซ้ำของภาวะเม็ดเลือดขาวนิวโทรฟิลต่ำ ระหว่างกลุ่มที่ลดขนาดเฉพาะยาฟลูโอโรยูราซิลชนิดโบลัส เปรียบเทียบกับกลุ่มที่ลดขนาดยาเฉพาะออกซาลิพลาตินในผู้ป่วยมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่และลำไส้ตรง, การศึกษาทดลองแบบไขว้กันแบบมีการสุ่ม
Authors:   , แก้วตัน วินัฐ
Published: September 2023

ความเป็นมา: ยาเคมีบำบัดสูตรที่มีออกซาลิพลาตินเป็นส่วนประกอบ เป็นยาเคมีบำบัดสูตรหลักที่ใช้ในผู้ป่วยมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่และลำไส้ตรง ผลข้างเคียงสำคัญภายหลังได้รับเคมีบำบัดสูตรดังกล่าวคือภาวะเม็ดเลือดขาวนิวโทฟิลต่ำ ซึ่งภาวะดังกล่าวนำไปสู่การลดปริมาณเคมีบำบัดหรือการเลื่อนรอบกรให้ยา อย่างไรก็ตามการปรับลดปริมาณยาภายหลังกิดผลข้างเคียงดังกล่าวยังไม่มีแนวทางปฏิบัติที่ชัดเจน

วิธีการศึกษา: การศึกษาทดลองแบบไขว้กันแบบมีการสุ่ม, รวบรวมผู้ป่วยมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่หรือลำไส้ตรงระยะสามหรือสี่ ที่มีเม็ดเลือดขาวนิวโทรฟิลสัมบูรณ์ต่ำกว่า 1,500 /mm3 ภายหลังได้รับยาเคมีบำบัดสูตร FOLFOX มาทำการศึกษาเปรียบเทียบการปรับสูตรเคมีบัดระหว่างกลุ่มระหว่างกลุ่มที่ลดขนาดเฉพาะยาฟลูโอโรยูราซิลแบบ bolus dose เปรียบเทียบกับกลุ่มที่ลดขนาดยาเฉพาะออกซาลิพลาติน,

วัตถุประสงค์หลักของการศึกษาคืออัตราการเกิดซ้ำของภาวะเม็ดเลือดขาวนิวโทรฟิลต่ำ, วัตถุประสงค์รองคือการเปลี่ยนแปลงปริมาณเม็ดเลือดขาวนิวโทรฟิล การเลื่อนรอบการให้เคมีบำบัด และผลข้างเคียงภายหลังให้ยาเคมีบำบัด

ผลการศึกษา: ผู้ป่วย 32 รายถูกนำเข้าสู่การศึกษา ในระหว่างวันที่ 1 ก.ค. 2562 ถึง 30 เม.ย. 2563, ผู้ป่วย 28 รายได้ถูกสุ่มเข้าสู่การให้เคมีบำบัดทั้งสองรูปแบบ, อัตราการเกิดซ้ำของภาวะเม็ดเลือดขาวนิวโทรฟิลต่ำพบร้อยละ 10.71 เทียบกับร้อยละ17.86 ในกลุ่มที่ลดขนาดเฉพาะยาฟลูโอโรยูราซิลแบบ bolus dose เปรียบเทียบกับกลุ่มที่ลดขนาดยาเฉพาะออกซาลิพลาตินตามลำดับ (P = 0.727), อัตราการเกิดเกล็ดเลือดต่ำและอัตราการเลื่อนรอบของการให้เคมีบำบัด เกิดขึ้นมากกว่าในกลุ่มที่ลดขนาดยาเฉพาะออกซาลิพลาติน

สรุปผล: กลุ่มที่ลดขนาดเฉพาะยาฟลูโอโรยูราซิลแบบ bolus dose มีแนวโน้มในการพบอัตราการเกิดซ้ำของภาวะเม็ดเลือดขาวนิวโทรฟิลต่ำ รวมถึงการเกิดผลข้างเคียงภายหลังให้ยาเคมีบำบัด ในอัตราที่น้อยกว่ากลุ่มที่ลดขนาดยาเฉพาะออกซาลิพลาติน โดยไม่มีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ
การพัฒนารูปแบบการจัดการเรียนการสอนโลจิสติกส์สากลสำหรับนักศึกษาปริญญาบัณฑิต
Authors:   , แสงพายัพ นภัสพร
Published: September 2023

การวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาและวิเคราะห์สมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์สากลของนักศึกษาไทยในสภาพปัจจุบัน 2) ศึกษาและวิเคราะห์สภาพสมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์สากลที่พึงประสงค์  3) วิเคราะห์ช่องว่างการเรียนการสอนโลจิสติกส์สากลในสถาบันอุดมศึกษาไทย 4) พัฒนารูปแบบการจัดการเรียนการสอนโลจิสติกส์สากลสำหรับนักศึกษาปริญญาบัณฑิต เก็บข้อมูลจากกลุ่มตัวอย่าง ประกอบด้วย 1) อาจารย์ผู้สอนโลจิสติกส์ 30 ราย 2) ผู้รับจัดการขนส่งระหว่างประเทศ 50 ราย 3) อาจารย์ผู้รับผิดชอบหลักสูตรโลจิสติกส์ 11 ราย  4) ผู้บริหารหลักสูตรโลจิสติกส์และผู้เชี่ยวชาญโลจิสติกส์ 8 ราย วิเคราะห์ข้อมูล โดยการวิเคราะห์สาระ วิเคราะห์สมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์ และสมรรถนะสากล และสถิติที่ใช้คือ ค่าความถี่ ค่าร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน และการวิเคราะห์องค์ประกอบ ( Factor Analysis)

ผลการวิจัย สรุปได้ดังนี้

1. สมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์สากลของนักศึกษาในสภาพปัจจุบันมีความแตกต่างกันคือ กลุ่มอาจารย์เห็นว่าสมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์สากลด้านความรู้เชิงอาชีพโลจิสติกส์ ด้านทักษะพื้นฐานส่วนบุคคล ด้านคุณลักษณะเชิงอาชีพโลจิสติกส์ มีมากที่สุดโดยมีค่าเฉลี่ยสูงสุด ส่วนกลุ่มผู้ประกอบการรับจัดการขนส่งระหว่างประเทศเห็นว่าสมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์สากลด้านความรู้พื้นฐานส่วนบุคคล ด้านทักษะเชิงพฤติกรรม และด้านคุณลักษณะเชิงอาชีพโลจิสติกส์ มีมากที่สุดโดยมีค่าเฉลี่ยสูงสุด

2. สมรรถนะโลจิสติกสากลของนักศึกษาสภาพที่พึงประสงค์มีความแตกต่างกันคือ กลุ่มอาจารย์เห็นว่าสมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์สากลด้านความรู้เชิงอาชีพ     โลจิสติกส์ ด้านทักษะพื้นฐานส่วนบุคคล ด้านคุณลักษณะพื้นฐานส่วนบุคคล พึงประสงค์มากที่สุดโดยมีค่าเฉลี่ยสูงสุด ส่วนกลุ่มผู้ประกอบการรับจัดการขนส่งระหว่างประเทศ เห็นว่าสมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์สากลด้านความรู้เชิงพฤติกรรม ด้านทักษะพื้นฐานส่วนบุคคล และด้านคุณลักษณะเชิงอาชีพโลจิสติกส์ พึงประสงค์มากที่สุดโดยมีค่าเฉลี่ยสูงสุด

3. การพัฒนาการเรียนการสอนโลจิสติกส์สากลมุ่งพัฒนาสมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์สากลให้มีมากขึ้นกว่าสภาพสมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์ที่พึงประสงค์ของหลักสูตร   โลจิสติกส์ไทย ในด้านความรู้นั้นควรมีการพัฒนาสมรรถนะความรู้เรื่องการจัดการคุณภาพและลูกค้า การบริหารสัญญา การจัดการสภาวะโลก วัฒนธรรมที่แตกต่าง อุตสาหกรรมโลจิสติกส์ ในด้านทักษะนั้นควรมีการพัฒนาสมรรถนะทักษะด้านการทำงานบนวัฒนธรรมที่แตกต่าง การจัดการลูกค้า การจัดการคุณภาพ การเป็นผู้ประกอบการ และการพัฒนาผลิตภัณฑ์ ในด้านคุณลักษณะนั้นควรพัฒนาสมรรถนะด้านความเข้าใจรูปแบบการใช้ชีวิตที่แตกต่าง มุ่งเป้าหมายเชิงกลยุทธ์ มุมมองคุณค่าการเป็นผู้ประกอบการ มีความเป็นพลวัตรและมีอิสระ

4. รูปแบบการจัดการเรียนการสอนโลจิสติกส์สากลสำหรับนักศึกษาปริญญาบัณฑิตประกอบ ด้วย 4.1) การพัฒนาสมรรถนะ  โลจิสติกส์สากล 4 องค์ประกอบ ภายใต้ GLOB Mdel คือ สมรรถนะด้านพื้นฐานส่วนบุคคล สมรรถนะเชิงอาชีพโลจิสติกส์ สมรรถนะเชิงธุรกิจอุตสาหกรรม และสมรรถนเชิงพฤติกรรม  4.2) การพัฒนาหลักสูตรโลจิสติกส์ไทยด้วยสมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์สากลที่ได้คัดเลือกจำนวน 25 สมรรถนะ 4.3) การเรียนรู้แบบความร่วมมือ มีความเหมาะสมต่อการพัฒนาสมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์สากล 4.4) การประเมินแบบ 360 องศา มีความเหมาะสมต่อการพัฒนาสมรรถนะโลจิสติกส์สากล
Access to malaria diagnostic testing, anti-malarial treatment and long-lasting insecticidal nets among Immigrant workers in Yala province, southern Thailand
Authors:   , Naing Tinzar
Published: September 2023

Background: In Southeast Asia, trans-border migration from neighboring countries into Thailand is a well-known phenomenon. Population movement and migration is a factor having significant implications for vector-borne disease transmissions.
Objectives: This study aims to assess migrants’ access to malaria diagnosis and treatment in Yala province who have had fever in the previous three months and to evaluate the coverage and utilization of ITNs (insecticidal nets).
Methodology: A survey was conducted among 414 immigrant workers, in which information was sought on socio-demography, history of fever, health seeking behaviours, net ownership and utilization. Survey analysis was employed. Results: As key findings, 36.5% (166) migrants got fever in the last 3 months, 51.3% (89) sought healthcare at health facilities, 44.9% (80) got tested for malaria, 19.1% (36) were malaria positive and 60.3% (22) could receive anti-malarial treatment. When seeking healthcare, 48.3% (43) were through village health volunteers and 46.1% (41) migrants went to malaria posts and health promoting hospitals. Regarding nets, 40.7% (181) owned ITNs, but only 34.7% (57) used ITNs every night. Of the surveyed population, 23.6% (116) were forest-goers, 64.7% (75) had fever in the last 3 months and 31.8% (24) were malaria positive.  Fifty percent (59) forest goers owned ITNs, but 28.1% (33) used ITNs while in the forest. Conclusions: More than half of migrants could access to malaria diagnosis and testing though ITN utilization was low. Most of the migrants sought diagnosis and treatment via community-based malaria services under National Malaria Elimination Program. BCC (Behaviour Change Communication) activities need to be enhanced to improve migrants’ behaviours since only one-third of migrants who owned ITNs used ITNs every night.
Determining the effective authentication factors using touchscreen phones' random numeric keypad
Authors:   , Benjapatanamongkol Nareerat
Published: September 2023

For the past decade, the increased usage of touchscreen phone devices has driven the mobile application market that prompted the financial institutes to release their own mobile banking applications to better serve their customers. To date, there are two ways a Thai bank customer can access his/her account(s) via the mobile banking application i) using a 6-digit Personal Identification Number (PIN) or ii) using fingerprint. To help to strengthen the current PIN-only authentication which may be exposed to smudge and shoulder-surfing attacks, the research studied and determined the effective authentication factors using a random numeric keypad. The results from the research indicated that the most effective authentication factors or features among those considered are in fact a combination of the factors which are flight times, dwell times, total dwell time and 2 user-defined values (number of fingers used and gender). However, it is to be noted that there is unequal sample size for each of the user-defined values and this research did not investigate how such occurrences impact the overall accuracy. These factors can be applied in the development of stronger keystroke dynamic model for PIN-based authentication using the random numeric keypad for mobile banking environment.
In vitro safety and permeation assessments of lidocaine loaded in dissolving microneedle patch for ocular administration
Authors:   , Thamnium Sirikool
Published: September 2023

The challenge in ocular drug delivery have brought much attention in pharmaceutical research. Efforts have been made to improve the low bioavailability causing by physiological limitations of ophthalmic drug administration. Topical lidocaine solution is a popular choice for ocular treatment, but less than 5% of topically applied dose reached to the target site. Lidocaine loaded in dissolving microneedle patch was considered a good alternative approach to treating eyes. The study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of the lidocaine loaded in dissolving microneedle administration against human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) as well as ex vivo drug target localization with tissue penetration. In the case of cytotoxicity, HCECs cell viability was compared when given with different treatments; i.e., lidocaine solution, maltose solution and dissolved matrix of lidocaine microneedle patch. HCECs were analyzed for percent viability and stained for Dead/Life cell showed IC50 were 11.23, 22592.96 and 9.50 mg/mL, respectively. In Dead/Life cell evaluation using calcein AM and propidium iodide, live cells showed green fluorescent and dead cell showed red fluorescent. Form modified-franz diffusion method used to study permeation partition coefficient of lidocaine solution and lidocaine microneedle patch. The drug retained on the sclera was also determined. Sclera permeation tests were ensured the non-toxic or neglectable amount of drug getting permeated out of porcine sclera. In the case of lidocaine solution, we found that more than 80 Percent or 7.19 mg/cm2 of the drug retained on the sclera with undetectable amount of lidocaine permeated through the membrane. The permeation coefficient of lidocaine hydrochloride solution could not be determined because of drug absent in the receptor chamber. However, lidocaine loaded in dissolving microneedle patch showed drug was adsorbed in the range 2.68 – 3.36 mg/cm2 and localized in sclera tissue in the range 4.18 – 4.51 mg/cm2. Another interesting observation is that the amount of drug adsorbed on the surface of sclera tissue was independent with the thickness of porcine sclera. In the conclusion, lidocaine loaded in dissolving microneedle was shown to be safe and exhibited excellent permeation property or targeted drug delivery.
Effect of extraction solvents on biological activities of Murraya Paniculata leaves in cosmetic application
Authors:   , Ruanmai Siriruethai
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibition activity of Murraya paniculata (Linn.) Jack leaves extract (MPE) obtained from different extraction solvents for the use of cosmetic purposes. The result showed that 75 % ethanolic extract presented the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 1.43 mg/mL), the total phenolic content of 66.12 mg GAE/g and the total flavonoids content of 7.83 mg QE/g. All of the obtained extracts had low tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The final MPE lotion contained 1 %w/w of 75 % ethanolic extract dissolved in 50 %w/w of propylene glycol, 20 %w/w of glycerin, and 7.5 %w/w of ethanol. Regarding stability study, the MPE lotion was stored at 4 °C and 40 °C for 1 month. Total flavonoid content remaining in the lotion and antioxidant activity of the MPE lotion were monitored during the storage. The results at both storage temperatures showed that no significant decrease of the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity were observed from the 1 % MPE lotion. This meant that this MPE lotion had high potential to be developed for cosmetic purpose.
Oxidation states of trace elements in synthetic corundum
Authors:   , Yamchuti Ontima
Published: September 2023

Natural and synthetic corundums have various colors due to trace elements in their structures. Despite the abundance of research on impurities in natural corundum, little is known about trace elements in synthetic corundum. This project is aimed to quantify trace elements and identify their oxidation states related to coloration in red, blue, and yellow synthetic corundums. A total of 15 corundums, synthesized by melt growth process, were investigated by advanced analytical techniques. X-ray diffraction results indicate that all synthetic corundums contain crystalline Al2O3. Measurements from Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer, UV-Vis-NIR, and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure spectrometry suggest that Cr3+ is significant trace element in red samples. A small amount of Cr3+ substitutes in some Al3+ sites in corundum structure. Cr3+ has unpaired electrons, which can be excited and cause light absorption around 552-580 nm, resulting in red color. Interestingly, a high amount of V3+ is detected in a few red samples and contributed to a unique purple shade. In addition, the electron charge transfer between Fe2+ and Ti4+ pair leads to the absorption around 576-590 nm, causing blue light transmission. Yellow samples have Ni and Cr3+ as major trace elements. Ni is likely the cause of yellow color due to a vacancy in oxygen position or trapped electron hole color center, leading to light absorption around 402-420 nm in synthetic samples.
Private school teacher development model based on the concepts of tpack and productive pedagogies
Authors:   , Katechaiyo Natthawut
Published: September 2023

The objectives of this research is to 1) study conceptual frameworks of teacher development, TPACK, and productive pedagogies. 2) study the current and desirable states of private school teacher development model based on the concepts of TPACK and productive pedagogies. And 3) develop a private school teacher development model based on the concepts of TPACK and productive pedagogies. This research applied multiphase mixed methods design. The population was 3,776 schools under the office of private education commission and the sample were 163 schools chosen through multi-stages random sampling method based on geographical locations, urban and rural areas, and school size. The informants were 163 school administrators and 163 out of field teachers, the total of 326 people. The research instruments used were conceptual framework evaluation form, current and desirable characteristics questionnaire, evaluation form to testify the feasibility and appropriateness of the model, and expert group conversation. Percentage, frequency, mean, standard deviation and PNI modified were used for data analysis.

The research results were as follows: 1) The conceptual framework of teacher development was consisted of 3 main models and 9 sub models while teacher’s knowledge consisted of components of TPACK and productive pedagogies of 4 dimensions and 22 items. 2) The overall status of private school teacher development model based on the concepts of TPACK and productive pedagogies was at a high level; the overall desirable status was at high level as well, the main models that had highest current and desirable states were transmission model, followed by transitional model, and transformative model. The priority needs index analysis of private school teacher development model based on the concept of TPACK and productive pedagogies showed that action research model had highest priority needs, followed by transformative model, community of practice model, and coaching and mentoring model 3) The model developed was “TPACK & Productive Pedagogies Transformative Model” which consisted of 4 components as follows: (1) Teacher development emphasizes on transitional models and transformative models. (2) Development of TPACK, there are technological pedagogical content knowledge, technological pedagogical Knowledge, technological content knowledge, and pedagogical content knowledge. (3) Development of Productive pedagogies with 2 dimensions and 6 items: intellectual quality dimension items consisted of metalanguage, deep knowledge, knowledge problematic, and supportive classroom environment items consisted of self-regulation, engagement, and student control. Lastly, (4) Elevation of Student’s Academic Achievement.
Graph representation for room layout matching using spectral embedding
Authors:   , Sa-ngawong Thamonwan
Published: September 2023

Graph matching is efficient to search similar layout when the architectural floor plan data size is increasing. Because the computational time of floor plan matching using spectral embedding is only in seconds, so it is one of the popular methods. However, the isomorphism of each floor plan leads to low accuracy in the matching process and it becomes the weakness of this method. Therefore, we propose a graph representation for room layout matching using spectral embedding. Normally, graph representations of the floor plan define nodes as rooms and edges as connections between rooms. Besides, the graph spectral embedding is to find the feature vector of each floor plan by ignoring the semantic of rooms. Our proposed method also considers both room semantic which is the connection between the area outside and inside the room, and the structure of each layout. Furthermore, we show that by adding an extra node, our method can handle the isomorphism of a graph based on a mathematical idea called eigenvalue testing. There are three main processes in the proposed method: floor plan extracting, appended topology graph and floor plan matching. The performance from our experiment shows that our proposed method improve the matched accuracy from the conventional method by about 27.81 percent.
Automatic Method for Avian Red Blood Cell and Heterophil Counting Using Iterative Thresholding
Authors:   , Autaiem Tanapat
Published: September 2023

Thailand is one of the top broiler exporters. Red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counting is one of the most basic methods for health screening process. Because the mammalian and avian blood is different, the mammalian blood analyzing techniques cannot be used, so the counting is done manually. This thesis proposes an automatic counting method for avian RBCs and heterophils, the most common type of avian WBC. The detection of avian RBC is challenging because of elliptic nucleated cell, the possibility of overlapped cells, and various staining. Otsu’s multiple thresholding method is used to automatically extract nuclei under different staining. The threshold value is then reduced iteratively to separate connected nuclei. Heterophil detection is done by removing the detected RBCs, using edge information to extract possible WBCs, then applying statistically based algorithm to filter heterophils. The results show that RBC counting error is less than clinical acceptable error of 5% for 4 out of 5 types of slide and heterophil counting error is 8.8%.
Influence of curved root canal on retreatment efficacy of bioceramic sealer
Authors:   , Sujaritwanit Kasemsun
Published: September 2023

This study evaluated the influence of a curved root canal on the retreatment efficacy of root canals sealed with bioceramic sealer. 60 mandibular molars were divided into 4 subgroups of severely curved canal filled with AH Plus, slightly curved canal filled with AH Plus, severely curved canal filled with BioRoot RCS and slightly curved canal filled with BioRoot. Two weeks after root canal obturation, retreatment was performed with WaveOne Gold Primary and ProTaper Next X3 following with passive ultrasonic irrigation. The retreatment efficacy parameters were regaining canal patency, retreatment time and residual filling material. MicroCT and confocal microscope were used to evaluate the residual filling materials and sealer penetration in dentinal tubules. Regaining canal patency was compared by Pearson Chi-square test. Retreatment time and residual filling materials were compared using one-way ANOVA at 0.05 level of confidence.  Retreatment efficacy of BioRoot RCS in severely curved root canal was similar to that of slightly curved root canal. There was no significant difference in retreatment efficacy between BioRoot RCS and AH Plus groups, except for regaining canal patency.
The application of FMEA to study the critical barriers to deploying carbon capture and storage in a Thai petroleum refinery
Authors:   , Sethi Amornrat
Published: September 2023

The carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is still in early phase development and not considered a competitive greenhouse gases (GHG) mitigation technology in Thailand to be included in the climate change mitigation plans, causing the lack of resources and market and other challenges to promote its development and deployment. CCS will play a crucial role as a GHG emission mitigation strategy in the coming years globally as the energy demand grows continuously. In order to successfully deploy the technology in different industries in Thailand, especially the energy sector, it is essential to identify all of the potential causes of hurdles that prevent its deployment, and plan actions to mitigate the risks associated with them.

The purpose of this study is to identify the critical barriers that are preventing the development and deployment of the CCS technology in a Thai petroleum refinery as a GHG emission mitigation strategy. The objective of this study is to identify and organize the barriers to deploying CCS technology in a Thai petroleum refinery using Technological-Organizational-Environmental (TOE) Framework and assess the risks of the barriers using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) by finding the criticality number of each barrier from the knowledge and experience of the experts of the case company refinery. A total of 29 barriers were identified; 9 Technological, 9 Organizational and 11 Environmental barriers, and they are depicted on Ishikawa Diagram. Pareto Analysis and 80/20 rule was applied. The Pareto Analysis showed that there are 22 critical barriers; 7 Technological, 7 Organizational and 8 Environmental barriers. A roadmap suggesting short, medium and long-term action plans to overcome the recognized critical barriers to promote the deployment of the CCS technology at a Thai petroleum refinery is also developed. The strategies and policies on the roadmap are planned based on two criteria, the criticality of the barriers and the expertise of the experts from the case company.
Improvement of inventory policy for furniture fittings manufacturer
Authors:   , Suntipiromkul Natchaya
Published: September 2023

The objective of this research is to improve the management of inventory in a furniture fittings manufacturer so that shortage and overstock could be reduced. Based on our initial investigations, such inventory problems were caused not only by inefficient production planning but also a lack of inventory control system that linked those plans with the stocks of raw material required. To better address the issues, two different models have been therefore proposed, namely more accurate demand forecasting models for products with different demand patterns and inventory control models for raw materials of those products.

Regarding the development of more accurate demand forecasting models, we first classify the products into six groups based on value of items and lead time. We then select ten products in each of three subgroups for further analysis, where a number of demand forecasting models have been applied to each product group according to their demand patterns. The study reveals that the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model provides the least forecasting errors, as measured by Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), for products in Groups A and B, while Croston’s model is the most appropriate forecasting model for products in Group C as it provides the least forecasting errors as measured by Mean Absolute Scaled Error (MASE).

We also evaluate inventory policies and determine stock levels of the company’s raw material under two different systems, i.e. continuous and periodic reviews. We find that, with proper inventory control model, the company could save up to 32% for special raw materials/components under continuous review and about 43% for common raw materials/components under 30 days periodic review.
Functional characterization of cytosolic ddx41 sensor in mediating antiviral immune response in black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon
Authors:   , Soponpong Suthinee
Published: September 2023

DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 41 (DDX41), a receptor belonging to the DExD family, was recently identified as an intracellular DNA sensor in vertebrates. Here, we investigated the presence of cytosolic DNA sensing, DDX41 in shrimp Penaeus monodon. By searching for gene involved in DNA sensing cascade within the shrimp P. monodon EST database, 3 cDNA fragments exhibited similarity to DDX41 in various species were identified. Sequences assembly resulted in a complete ORF of Penaeus monodon DDX41 (PmDDX41) which has 1868-bp encoding a putative protein of 620 amino acid residues. The multiple sequence alignment of deduced amino acid sequence of PmDDX41 with other species revealed that there are three conserved domains in the protein: DEADc domain, HELICc domain and Zinc finger domain. PmDDX41 shares 83% similarity with DDX41 in bee and crab.  The transcript of PmDDX41 was detected in all tested tissues. Gene expression profile of PmDDX41 in hemocyte of pathogen challenged was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed that the PmDDX41 transcript of White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) challenged shrimp was up-regulated at 6 and 48 hpi when compared to the control shrimp. On the contrary, after challenge with Vibrio harveyi, PmDDX41 mRNA expression was not significantly changed at all time points when compared with the control PBS-injected shrimp. Knockdown of PmDDX41 by dsRNA-mediated gene silencing resulted in a decrease of the mRNA expression level of PmIKKβ, PmIKKɛ, PmPEN3 and PmPEN5 genes. Moreover, PmDDX41-knockdown shrimp exhibited increase in the cumulative mortality after WSSV infection. In addition, PmDDX41 was localized in the cytoplasm of shrimp hemocytes and upon WSSV infection or stimulation the nucleic acid mimics, poly(dA:dT) and poly(I:C), it was found in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of hemocytes. Similar results were observed when PmDDX41 was transfected into human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells. Immunoprecipitation further demonstrated that PmDDX41 bound to biotin-labeled poly(dA:dT) but not poly(I:C). The overexpression of shrimp PmDDX41 and mouse stimulator of interferon gene (MmSTING) in HEK293T cells synergistically promoted IFN-β and NF-κB promoter activity via the DEADc domain. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) also confirmed that there was an interaction between PmDDX41 and STING after stimulation with poly(dA:dT) but not poly(I:C). Our study is the first to demonstrate that PmDDX41 acts as a cytosolic DNA sensor that interacts with STING via its DEADc domain to trigger the IFN-β and NF-κB signaling pathways, thus activating antiviral innate immune responses.
A reinforcement learning model for lending problems with limited budget and insufficient data
Authors:   , Autravisittikul Radaporn
Published: September 2023

Traditional lending policy requires sufficient data for making lending decisions, therefore, some small companies could not access to the fund. In this study, we propose a decision making model that can decide whether to accept or reject a sequence of unfamiliar loan applications while having a limited budget. Our model does not have any knowledge about the incoming loans, therefore, it can predict the default probability with low accuracy at the beginning. The model can learn by observing the outcomes of the accepted loans. The model's budget increases every time the model accepts a fully paid loan and decreases when the model accepts a defaulted loan. The objective of our model is to maximize the final budget. By using the reinforcement learning method, we propose a decision making model that takes the current budget and model accuracy into consideration when making decisions. Based on simulated data, the results show that our model yields a better performance compared to a traditional default prediction model. For the real data, our model performs well in some type of loans.
Encapsulation of adzuki bean vigna angularis hydrolysate by alginate-based beads
Authors:   , Sangsukiam Thasanporn
Published: September 2023

The aims of this research were to study the effect of different cooking conditions on bioactive compounds and biological activities of cooked adzuki beans and cooking water. The different encapsulation methods to entrap adzuki beans hydrolysate were investigated. The release characteristics of different freeze-dried alginate particles were investigated after in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The results showed that all cooking conditions (60-min boiling, 10-min autoclaving and 60-min autoclaving) caused a significant reduction in crude protein, TCA-soluble peptides, free amino groups, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) in cooked adzuki beans (p ≤ 0.05). Meanwhile, cooking resulted in a significant increase in TCA-soluble peptides, free amino group content, TPC and TFC in cooking water. The different cooking conditions affected amino acid composition and phenolic compounds. The 10-min autoclaving was the appropriate condition as it could retain more amino acids and release more bound phenolics. The obtained cooked beans and its cooking water contained higher bioactive compounds and showing higher biological activity compared to other conditions. Thus, mixed cooked beans and its cooking water from 10-min autoclaving, substrate for protein hydrolysis, were hydrolyzed with 7% Flavouryzme at 50OC, pH 6.0 for 6 hours. The obtained beans hydrolysate was entrapped in alginate-based via different encapsulation techniques (calcium alginate beads and sodium alginate particles). Freeze-dried adzuki beans hydrolysate was prepared as the control. The sodium alginate particles had a higher encapsulation efficiency of TPC and TCA-soluble peptides compared to calcium alginate beads. Fourier-transform infrared result confirmed the interaction of functional groups between adzuki beans hydrolysate and alginate structure. A remarkable increase in FRAP, ferrous chelating, ORAC value and ACE-I inhibitory after in vitro GI tract digestion were observed in the particles. Whilst beads exhibited higher ABTS scavenging activity after in vitro GI tract digestion compared to particles. DPP-IV inhibitory activity of particles and beads were not significantly different. This might be because encapsulation technique had a significant effect on the entrapped bioactive compounds and controlled-release characteristic of sample.
The prevalence and risk factors of oral soft tissue lesions in kidney transplant recipients
Authors:   , Sirivichayakul Charinrat
Published: September 2023

Background: Kidney transplantation is considered to be the best treatment for end-stage renal disease patient, and widely accepted it improves quality and length of life. However, the kidney transplant recipient has to receive long-term immunosuppressive therapy in order to prevent kidney transplant rejection, causing the immune function system declined. Oral and dental problems also increase in these patients, which mostly develop as a result of side effects and drug interaction. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of oral soft tissue lesions in kidney transplant recipients. Methodology: The cross-sectional study was conducted in April to October 2019. Sixty-five kidney transplant recipients and 65 dialysis patients were examined for oral soft tissue lesion, oral hygiene and gingival enlargement. Difference on prevalence of oral soft tissue lesions between groups was tested by Chi-square. For the risk factors, categorical data was presented in frequencies and percentages. Continuous data was presented in means and standard deviations. Univariate and multivariate linear regression was used to assess association between plaque index and different variables. Results: Oral lesions were found in 7 (10.8%) kidney transplant recipients and 6 (9.2%) dialysis patients. Though plaque index in kidney transplant recipients was not significantly different from dialysis group, linear regression model revealed that plaque index was increasing by age (regression coefficient (95% confidence interval) = 0.009 (0.001-0.016); p-value=0.025). Conclusions: Prevalence of oral soft tissue lesions in both groups were not statistically significant different and prevalence in kidney transplant recipients was lower than most of previous studies. Regular dental examination is necessary for early detection, which allows consulting in medications adjustment and stops or relieves progression of oral lesion.
Oral candida colonization in Thai denture wearing elderly with hyposalivation
Authors:   , Buranarom Nada
Published: September 2023

Objective: To examine relationships between hyposalivation, oral Candida colonization and oral health status in generally healthy elders and evaluate factors that affect salivary flow rates and Candida colonization in a cross-sectional study.

Materials and methods: Fifty-three elderly participants were enrolled and interviewed for medical history, subjective dry mouth symptoms, oral hygiene practice and denture information. Unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates, clinical signs of dry mouth, gingival index, tongue coating index and root caries index were recorded. Stimulated saliva samples were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar for colony counts and Candida species were identified with chromogenic Candida agar and polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Hyposalivation was associated with higher prevalence of oral Candida colonization (p=0.010; adjusted OR=4.360, 95% confidence interval=1.292-14.717), higher gingival and tongue coating indices (p=0.003 and 0.015, respectively), but not root caries index. These two indices and Candida load were also negatively correlated with unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates. Non-albicans Candida species were more frequently isolated in patients who wore dentures (p=0.017).

Conclusion: Hyposalivation is a risk factor for oral Candida colonization and poorer oral health in generally healthy elderly participants. Because hyposalivation could adversely affect oral and systemic health, we suggest that it be carefully monitored in elders.
A comparison of microRNA profiles between rat incisors and molars
Authors:   , Nipakasem Sirawit
Published: September 2023

Unlike the molar, rodent incisor is a distinct organ that have continuously growth at distal end of tooth throughout its lifetime to compensate for abrasion. The key of continuous growth is the result of delayed root formation and prolonged crown formation that possibly made by stem cell niche, so-called cervical loop, which involve various genes and signaling pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding single stranded RNAs that involved in biological mechanisms of dental development. To study the role of miRNA, we extracted total RNA from the dental pulp tissue collected from the apical part, coronal part of incisors and molars, and compared the expression of miRNAs. The customized RT-PCR array (Qiagen) demonstrated that 6 miRNAs (miR-32-5p, 885-5p, 665, 338-3p, 663a, 200a-3p) in apical part and 4 miRNAs (miR-32-5p, 665, 338-3p, 663a) from coronal part are significantly lower than molar group whereas miR-23a-3p is the only one that has significantly increase in both apical and coronal part compare to the molars group. Previous studies also found role of these miRNAs that involved in both amelogenesis and dentinogenesis included DSPP, RUNX2, Wnt/β-catenin, E-cadherin and Sprouty2 genes. The results suggested that these miRNAs may have a role in mineralization process during prolonged crown formation of rodent incisors.
The study of oro-dental structures and application of dental adhesives in patients affected with osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors:   , Nutchoey Oadcharawadee
Published: September 2023

Objectives: To investigate genetic mutations, oro-dental features, tooth ultrastructures, and characteristics of total-etch adhesives (Optibond FL; Kerr) and self-etch adhesives (Clearfill SE Bond; Kuraray) applied on the teeth of the patients who affected with syndromic osteogenesis imperfecta and dentiongenesis imperfecta(DGI), compared with the controls. Methods: Three patients were diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta and dentinogenesis imperfecta at Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University. Clinical, radiographic, and laboratory examination were performed. Genetic mutations were analyzed by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing. Three teeth were obtained, one tooth from each patient (DGI tooth). Each tooth sample was examined for its color by colorimeter, mineral composition by Micro-CT scan, surface roughness by profilometer, microhardness by Knoop microhardness tester, microscopic morphology by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and histology, and mineral composition by EDX. The microtensile and microshear bond strengths (µTBS and µSBS) of two dental adhesive system, total-etch adhesives (Optibond FL; Kerr) and self-etch adhesives (Clearfill SE Bond; Kuraray), were analyzed compared with the controls. Results: WES identified that the patients with OI and DGI harbored the missense mutations in COL1A2. The DGI teeth were yellowish and dark. The size of dentin and pulp cavity and enamel surface roughness of DGI teeth were diverse. Mineral density of DGI enamel was lower than that of the controls while the mineral density of DGI dentin was variable. Knoop microhardness values of DGI dentin were statistically lower than those of the controls. Correspondingly, DGI enamel also showed reduced microhardness values. Carbon percentage was increased in both DGI enamel and dentin. SEM revealed irregular arrangement and reduced number of dentinal tubules in DGI teeth. Dental adhesive analyses showed that µTBS and µSBS of DGI teeth were lower than those of the controls. Optibond FL showed superior µTBS and µSBS with DGI dentin compared to Clearfil SE bond. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that syndromic DGI teeth of OI patients possessing the missense mutations in COL1A2 exhibited alterations in clinical characteristic, dentin ultrastructure, mineral density, and hardness of dental tissues. These variations could influence the performance of dental adhesives.
Effectiveness of topical anesthesia as an adjuvant to local anesthetic injection during open surgical release of trigger digit: a randomized controlled trial
Authors:   , Laohaprasitiporn Panai
Published: September 2023

Background: Open trigger digit release in adult is a common hand surgery. Most of the patients considered local anesthetic injection was the most painful step during the procedure. Topical anesthetic drug was not routinely used in the hand surgery. The study on its effectiveness in open trigger digit release has never been studied before.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of topical anesthetic drug in patients who underwent open trigger digit release surgery

Materials and Methods: This study is a randomized controlled trial to compare pain score and patient satisfaction between topical anesthetic cream (5% lidocaine-prilocaine cream) versus placebo cream, applied approximately 90 minutes prior to local anesthetic injection in open trigger digit release surgery. One hundred participants were enrolled and randomly allocated into two groups between May 2019 and February 2020. Visual analog pain score and satisfaction rate were compared.

Results: Most of participants were female with Quinnell grade 2-3. Pain score during needle injection, local anesthetic infiltration, overall pain and satisfaction rate had no statistically significant difference between groups. There was no correlation between duration of topical anesthetic drug application and pain scores. Subgroup analysis did not show significant differences in pain score between genders. No complication was found.

Conclusion: The topical anesthetic drug is ineffective to use at the palmar skin of hand and preoperative application on the surgical site is not necessary for open trigger digit release operation.
Jellyfish sting and first aid knowledge among 6th-9thgrade students in Koh Mak, Koh Kood, and Koh Chang, Trat Province, Thailand
Authors:   , Premmaneesakul Hansa
Published: September 2023

Background:  Injuries from jellyfish are an important public issue. Students are both potential victims and victim-helpers. Objectives:  This study aims to investigate the knowledge of jellyfish stings and first aid management in 6th-9th grade students living on three islands in Trat, Thailand. Materials and Methods:  A cross-sectional study was conducted by using a questionnaire distributed to all 6th-9th grade students living on these islands. Relationship between total knowledge score and independent variables were assessed by Fisher’s exact test and multiple logistic regression. Results:  Of the three islands students from Koh Kood had the highest knowledge (75.27%), followed by students from Koh Chang (59.44%).  None of the students from Koh Mak had adequate total knowledge. By class, students from the 9th grade had the highest knowledge (74.47%), followed by 8th, 7th, and 6th grade respectively (63.54%, 62.96%, 53.12%).  Female students (67.14%) had a higher total knowledge when compared to males (57.66%).  One hundred and fifty-one students (70.89%) who visited the beach 1-2 times/month had the highest total knowledge score, followed by those who visited less than once a month (60.00%), and more than twice a month (55.88%), respectively.  The relationship between students’ baseline characteristics and total knowledge score was assessed by multiple logistic regression. Ninth-grade students had 3.2 times higher knowledge compared to 6th grade students (95% CI 1.64, 6.33). Additionally, female students had 1.6 times higher knowledge compared to male students (95% CI 1.00, 2.46). Conclusions:  Koh Mak students had the least adequate knowledge on toxic jellyfish stings and first aid; therefore, we should offer more education on this subject to the students. This could be done by including this topic into the science curricula or local subjects. Information on appropriate first aid management of jellyfish via simple infographic material for students can also be provided to adults who are residents and resort operators on all three islands.  Everyone should be made aware of the severity associated with toxic jellyfish stings in order to create an effective preventive measure.
Affecting factors on perceived usefulness of area-business continuity management for flood case at industrial areas in Thailand
Authors:   , Meechang Kunruthai
Published: September 2023

The 2011 Thailand floods widely affected many parts in Thailand such as households, industry and agriculture. Especially, industrial areas were massively damaged by floods. Many factories had to stop their operations. Therefore, it severely impacted economic losses. Area-Business Continuity Management (Area-BCM) is a useful system supporting company mitigate flood effectively. Before the system is implemented, opinion survey of related people in an area is important. Therefore, this research aims to investigate factors affecting Perceived Usefulness (PU) of the Area-BCM. The model is proposed based on Technology Acceptance Model and flood mitigation behavior. The analysis results categorized the respondents into four groups following their experience with floods. It is found that subjective norm significantly affect to PU. In addition, flood hazards knowledge significantly positively affect to PU in experienced group. On the other hand, worry about flooding indirectly affect to PU through subjective norm. Moreover, government is found to be the most trusted source by respondents in receiving disaster information. They also mentioned warning information should be provided. Furthermore, the findings are expected to be used as a guideline for developing a prototype of the Area-BCM system.
Improvement of Forex Pairs trading strategy with Machine learning algorithms
Authors:   , Jirapongpan Ronnachai
Published: September 2023

This thesis aims to study machine learning to improve the trading performance of pairs trading strategy. Pairs trading strategy is one of the most well-known algorithm trading developed in the 1980s by a group of scientists and mathematicians. The concept of the pairs trading strategy is to exploit the mispricing of two equities which their prices tend to move in the same manner. When the algorithm captures the mispricing behavior by equations or indicators, traders open a short position on the equity which its price is relatively higher than the equilibrium and open long position of the other equity. If the prices reach an equilibrium point, the trade positions are closed with realized profit/loss. However, there are many factors that influence the profitability of the algorithm. This thesis applies machine algorithms that consist of Artificial Neural Network, Logistic Regression, and XGBoost to predict the profitability from lagging indicators from the trading records. The methodology of the thesis aims to tune and maximize the performance of machine learning algorithms such as feature selection, standardization, GridSearchCV, etc. The result of using trained machine learning is quite satisfactory. The scores from implementing the machine learning on out-of-sample are mostly higher than 60%, meaning that the models are capable of predicting the profitability of signals from lagging indicators. The cumulative profit or the balance curve from using machine learning is significantly higher than the balance curve from normal pairs trading strategy.