bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive Factors for the Efficacy of Radioactive Iodine Treatment of Graves’ Disease
Authors: Feng Wenwen , Shi He , Yang Yanli , Liu Jing , Chen Shiying , Ren Minghui , Li Yajie , Liu Wei , Cui Dai
Published: November 2024

Objective: The utilization of radioactive iodine‐131I (RAI) has long been established as a cost‐effective and conventional treatment for managing Graves’ disease (GD). However, the accurate prediction of the clinical response to RAI treatment remains difficult. The successful resolution of GD through RAI therapy is typically characterized by the induction of hypothyroidism or euthyroidism. Thus, the principal aim of this study was to identify plausible predictors of RAI efficacy in the treatment of GD.

Methods: The clinical data of 613 GD patients, who underwent RAI treatment for the first time, were retrospectively analyzed, including age, gender, duration of hyperthyroidism, presence or absence of ocular signs, thyroid volume, thyroid weight, thyroid function (FT3, FT4, and TSH), radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) at 2 h/6 h/24 h (2‐h/6‐h/24‐h RAIU) prior to RAI treatment, the highest RAIU (RAIUmax), and administered activity of 131I and 131I activity per gram of thyroid tissue. Success of RAI treatment was defined as achieving hypothyroidism or euthyroidism for more than 1 year after the initial treatment. Univariate and multivariate logistics regression analyses were conducted to identify factors that influence the efficacy of RAI treatment for GD. And at last, based on the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis, a nomogram model was established.

Results: In this study, the success rate of RAI treatment for GD was 91.2% (559/613). Univariate analysis demonstrated that several factors, including age (p = 0.005), thyroid volume (p = 0.001), thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH, p = 0.042), ratio of RAIU at 6 h to 24 h (6‐h/24‐h RAIU, p = 0.048), total 131I activity (p = 0.026), and 131I activity per gram of thyroid tissue (p = 0.001), were significantly associated with treatment outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated thyroid volume and 131I activity per gram of thyroid tissue as significant independent predictors of radioactive iodine therapy (RIT) efficacy. The area under the ROC curve of the established nomogram model was 0.769 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.692–0.846), indicating that the model has good discriminatory ability.

Conclusion: Calculated‐dose RAI is effective in the treatment of GD. The smaller thyroid volume and the higher 131I activity per gram of thyroid tissue are predictors of RAI efficacy in the treatment of GD.
Loss of CDKN2A Enhances the Efficacy of Immunotherapy in EGFR-Mutant Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Simeng , Lai Jia-Cheng , Li Yu , Tang Chengfang , Lu Jiajia , Han Min , Ye Xianjiang , Jia Lina , Cui Wei , Yang Jingyu , Wu Chunfu , Wang Lihui
Published: November 2024

Mutant EGFR is a common driver of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although mutant EGFR has been reported to limit the efficacy of immunotherapy, a subset of patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC benefit from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. A better understanding of how co-occurring genomic alterations in oncogenic driver genes impact immunotherapy efficacy may provide a more complete understanding of cancer heterogeneity and identify biomarkers of response. Here, we investigated the effects of frequent EGFR co-mutations in EGFR-mutant lung cancer models and identified loss-of-function mutation of CDKN2A as a potential sensitizer to anti–PD-1 treatment in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CDKN2A loss impacted the composition of the tumor immune microenvironment by promoting the expression of PD-L2 through reduced ubiquitination of c-MYC, and mutant EGFR cooperating to upregulate c-MYC and PD-L2 by activating the MAPK pathway. Blocking PD-L2 induced antitumor immune responses mediated by CD8+ T cells in EGFR/CDKN2A co-mutated lung cancer. Importantly, a small-molecule PD-L2 inhibitor, zinc undecylenate, remodeled the tumor immune microenvironment of EGFR/CDKN2A co-mutant tumors and enhanced the antitumor efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Collectively, these results identify EGFR/CDKN2A co-mutation as a distinct subtype of NSCLC that shows superior sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade and reveals a potential combined therapeutic strategy for treating this NSCLC subtype.

Significance: Upregulation of c-MYC driven by co-mutation of CDKN2A and EGFR increases PD-L2 to abrogate CD8+ T-cell activity in lung cancer, which confers sensitivity to PD-L2 blockade in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Table S1 from Circulating HPV DNA as a Marker for Early Detection of Relapse in Patients with Cervical Cancer
Authors: Jeannot Emmanuelle , Latouche Aurélien , Bonneau Claire , Calméjane Marie-Ange , Beaufort Corine , Ruigrok-Ritstier Kirsten , Bataillon Guillaume , Larbi Chérif Linda , Dupain Célia , Lecerf Charlotte , Popovic Marina , de la Rochefordière Anne , Lecuru Fabrice , Fourchotte Virginie , Jordanova Ekaterina S. , von der Leyen Heiko , Tran-Perennou Carine , Legrier Marie-Emmanuelle , Dureau Sylvain , Raizonville Laurence , Bello Roufai Diana , Le Tourneau Christophe , Bièche Ivan , Rouzier Roman , Berns Els M.J.J. , Kamal Maud , Scholl Suzy
Published: November 2024

Supplemental Table 1: ddPCR assays targeting the HPV E7 genes and the HPV integration sites: primer and probe sequences, amplicon sizes and annealing temperatures.
Figure S1 from Circulating HPV DNA as a Marker for Early Detection of Relapse in Patients with Cervical Cancer
Authors: Jeannot Emmanuelle , Latouche Aurélien , Bonneau Claire , Calméjane Marie-Ange , Beaufort Corine , Ruigrok-Ritstier Kirsten , Bataillon Guillaume , Larbi Chérif Linda , Dupain Célia , Lecerf Charlotte , Popovic Marina , de la Rochefordière Anne , Lecuru Fabrice , Fourchotte Virginie , Jordanova Ekaterina S. , von der Leyen Heiko , Tran-Perennou Carine , Legrier Marie-Emmanuelle , Dureau Sylvain , Raizonville Laurence , Bello Roufai Diana , Le Tourneau Christophe , Bièche Ivan , Rouzier Roman , Berns Els M.J.J. , Kamal Maud , Scholl Suzy
Published: November 2024

Figure S1. Serum cell free DNA (cfDNA) detection by droplet digital PCR before treatment. cfDNA levels before treatment according to HPV E7 gene (tumor marker) and RPP30 gene (total cell free DNA marker).
Supplementary Table 2 from Upregulation of C/EBPα Inhibits Suppressive Activity of Myeloid Cells and Potentiates Antitumor Response in Mice and Patients with Cancer
Authors: Hashimoto Ayumi , Sarker Debashis , Reebye Vikash , Jarvis Sheba , Sodergren Mikael H. , Kossenkov Andrew , Sanseviero Emilio , Raulf Nina , Vasara Jenni , Andrikakou Pinelopi , Meyer Tim , Huang Kai-Wen , Plummer Ruth , Chee Cheng E. , Spalding Duncan , Pai Madhava , Khan Shahid , Pinato David J. , Sharma Rohini , Basu Bristi , Palmer Daniel , Ma Yuk-Ting , Evans Jeff , Habib Robert , Martirosyan Anna , Elasri Naouel , Reynaud Adeline , Rossi John J. , Cobbold Mark , Habib Nagy A. , Gabrilovich Dmitry I.
Published: November 2024

Most frequently reported drug related adverse event
Supplementary Table 1 from Upregulation of C/EBPα Inhibits Suppressive Activity of Myeloid Cells and Potentiates Antitumor Response in Mice and Patients with Cancer
Authors: Hashimoto Ayumi , Sarker Debashis , Reebye Vikash , Jarvis Sheba , Sodergren Mikael H. , Kossenkov Andrew , Sanseviero Emilio , Raulf Nina , Vasara Jenni , Andrikakou Pinelopi , Meyer Tim , Huang Kai-Wen , Plummer Ruth , Chee Cheng E. , Spalding Duncan , Pai Madhava , Khan Shahid , Pinato David J. , Sharma Rohini , Basu Bristi , Palmer Daniel , Ma Yuk-Ting , Evans Jeff , Habib Robert , Martirosyan Anna , Elasri Naouel , Reynaud Adeline , Rossi John J. , Cobbold Mark , Habib Nagy A. , Gabrilovich Dmitry I.
Published: November 2024

Demographic and baseline characteristics
Supplementary Data from Upregulation of C/EBPα Inhibits Suppressive Activity of Myeloid Cells and Potentiates Antitumor Response in Mice and Patients with Cancer
Authors: Hashimoto Ayumi , Sarker Debashis , Reebye Vikash , Jarvis Sheba , Sodergren Mikael H. , Kossenkov Andrew , Sanseviero Emilio , Raulf Nina , Vasara Jenni , Andrikakou Pinelopi , Meyer Tim , Huang Kai-Wen , Plummer Ruth , Chee Cheng E. , Spalding Duncan , Pai Madhava , Khan Shahid , Pinato David J. , Sharma Rohini , Basu Bristi , Palmer Daniel , Ma Yuk-Ting , Evans Jeff , Habib Robert , Martirosyan Anna , Elasri Naouel , Reynaud Adeline , Rossi John J. , Cobbold Mark , Habib Nagy A. , Gabrilovich Dmitry I.
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Figure 1, Supplementary Figure 2, Supplementary Figure 3, Supplementary Figure 4, Supplementary Figure 5, Supplementary Figure 6, Supplementary Figure 7
Supplementary file S1 from Pretreatment Tissue TCR Repertoire Evenness Is Associated with Complete Pathologic Response in Patients with NSCLC Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Casarrubios Marta , Cruz-Bermúdez Alberto , Nadal Ernest , Insa Amelia , García Campelo María del Rosario , Lázaro Martín , Dómine Manuel , Majem Margarita , Rodríguez-Abreu Delvys , Martínez-Martí Alex , de Castro-Carpeño Javier , Cobo Manuel , López-Vivanco Guillermo , Del Barco Edel , Bernabé Caro Reyes , Viñolas Nuria , Barneto Aranda Isidoro , Viteri Santiago , Massuti Bartomeu , Barquín Miguel , Laza-Briviesca Raquel , Sierra-Rodero Belén , Parra Edwin R. , Sanchez-Espiridion Beatriz , Rocha Pedro , Kadara Humam , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Romero Atocha , Calvo Virginia , Provencio Mariano
Published: November 2024

TCR Clone lists identified in pre-treatment samples
Figure S2 from Pretreatment Tissue TCR Repertoire Evenness Is Associated with Complete Pathologic Response in Patients with NSCLC Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Casarrubios Marta , Cruz-Bermúdez Alberto , Nadal Ernest , Insa Amelia , García Campelo María del Rosario , Lázaro Martín , Dómine Manuel , Majem Margarita , Rodríguez-Abreu Delvys , Martínez-Martí Alex , de Castro-Carpeño Javier , Cobo Manuel , López-Vivanco Guillermo , Del Barco Edel , Bernabé Caro Reyes , Viñolas Nuria , Barneto Aranda Isidoro , Viteri Santiago , Massuti Bartomeu , Barquín Miguel , Laza-Briviesca Raquel , Sierra-Rodero Belén , Parra Edwin R. , Sanchez-Espiridion Beatriz , Rocha Pedro , Kadara Humam , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Romero Atocha , Calvo Virginia , Provencio Mariano
Published: November 2024

Tissue TCR evenness and top 1% clonal space are independent of reported read counts, clones identified, and tissue origing.
TIPE Inhibits Ferroptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Regulating MGST1/ALOX5
Authors: Yan Changxiu , Yu Shengnan , Zhang Jing , Li Zhen , Lin Zeyang , Zhang Shiying , Li Haoyang , Ye Zhijian , Huang Jiyi , Ye Yuhan , Zhuang Guohong
Published: November 2024

TIPE is a protein highly expressed in various cancers that promotes ferroptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic cell death caused by lipid peroxidation, and microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) is a critical enzyme that resists lipid peroxidation. This study explored how TIPE regulates MGST1 expression to inhibit ferroptosis and promote colorectal cancer proliferation. TIPE was highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues and positively correlated with the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells. We measured levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid reactive oxygen species in colorectal cancer cells with differential expression of TIPE and detected ferroptosis using transmission electron microscopy. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a positive correlation of expression patterns between TIPE and MGST1 in colorectal cancer. TIPE regulated the expression of MGST1 by activating the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Coimmunoprecipitation revealed binding between MGST1 and ALOX5. This binding inhibited the phosphorylation of ALOX5, inhibiting ferroptosis and promoting the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. A tumor formation experiment in nude mice supported our findings that TIPE regulates the proliferation of colorectal cancer by regulating ferroptosis.

Implications: TIPE inhibits colorectal cancer ferroptosis via an MGST1–ALOX5 interaction to promote colorectal cancer proliferation. These findings suggest future colorectal cancer treatment strategies.
Combination CXCR4 and PD-1 Blockade Enhances Intratumoral Dendritic Cell Activation and Immune Responses Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Morita Satoru , Lei Pin-Ji , Shigeta Kohei , Ando Tomofumi , Kobayashi Tatsuya , Kikuchi Hiroto , Matsui Aya , Huang Peigen , Pittet Mikael J. , Duda Dan G.
Published: November 2024

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but their impressive efficacy is seen in just a fraction of patients. One key mechanism of immunotherapy resistance is the paucity of dendritic cells (DC) in liver malignancies. In this study, we tested combination blockade of PD-1 and CXCR4, a receptor for CXCL12, a pleiotropic factor that mediates immunosuppression in tumors. Using orthotopic grafted and autochthonous HCC models with underlying liver damage, we evaluated treatment feasibility and efficacy. In addition, we examined the effects of treatment using immunofluorescence, flow cytometric analysis of DCs in vivo and in vitro, and RNA sequencing. The combination anti-CXCR4 and anti–PD-1 therapy was safe and significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in all murine preclinical models of HCC tested. The combination treatment successfully reprogrammed antigen-presenting cells, revealing the potential role of conventional type 1 DCs (cDC1) in the HCC microenvironment. Moreover, DC reprogramming enhanced anticancer immunity by facilitating CD8+ T-cell accumulation and activation in the HCC tissue. The effectiveness of anti-CXCR4/PD-1 therapy was compromised entirely in Batf3 knockout mice deficient in cDC1s. Thus, combined CXCR4/PD-1 blockade can reprogram intratumoral cDC1s and holds the potential to potentiate antitumor immune response against HCC.
Desdobrando paisagens ao som da 'concertina'
Authors: Duarte Mirela Carina Rêgo , Santos Luisa Acioli dos
Published: November 2024

The notion of landscape is built by the experience of the senses that articulates thought and feeling to constitute awareness. This study describes the concertina-like book Pensar paisagem as a landscape education tool that encourages sensitivity to landscape awareness. The first part of this study discusses the experience of the senses from a theoretical and philosophical point of view, whereas its second describes the concertina-like book as a playful and creative way to unfold landscape. This study seeks to capture and express inseparable feelings and thoughts in the structure of apprehending the world as a landscape, showing that they act in the constitution of an awareness that can give rise to landscape citizenship.
Restauro dos jardins de Burle Marx para o IPPMG/UFRJ: experiência metodológica de observação de usos
Authors: Torres Yuri Queiroz Abreu , Costa Lucia Maria Sá Antunes , Machado Denise Barcellos Pinheiro , Teixeira Pedro Guimarães , Costa Priscilla Villela da
Published: November 2024

This study aims to apply and discuss methodologies that contribute to the process of restoring and updating Burle Marx’s landscape project for the Institute of Childcare and Pediatrics Martagão Gesteira at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Specifically looking at use observations, this study explores behavioral mapping as a tool to design guidelines to restore this public landscape heritage, designed by the most important Brazilian landscape designer. This study argues, among other issues, that the currently existing spaces fail to incorporate the originally proposed articulation between the open spaces and the building and points to future restoration and updating procedures.
IL1RAP Blockade With a Monoclonal Antibody Reduces Cardiac Inflammation and Preserves Heart Function in Viral and Autoimmune Myocarditis
Authors: Lema Diego A. , Jakobsson Gabriel , Daoud Abdel , Elias David , Talor Monica V. , Rattik Sara , Grönberg Caitríona , Kalinoski Hannah , Jaensson Gyllenbäck Elin , Wang Nadan , Liberg David , Schiopu Alexandru , Čiháková Daniela
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:

Currently, there are no therapies targeting specific pathogenic pathways in myocarditis. IL (interleukin)-1 blockade has shown promise in preclinical studies and case reports. We hypothesized that blockade of IL1RAP (IL-1 receptor accessory protein), a shared subunit of the IL-1, IL-33, and IL-36 receptors, could be more efficient than IL-1 blockade alone.

METHODS:

We induced coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)–mediated or experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in BALB/c mice, followed by treatment with an Fc (fragment crystallizable)-modified mIgG2a mouse anti-mouse IL1RAP monoclonal antibody (mCAN10). Myocarditis severity and immune infiltration were assessed by histology and flow cytometry. Cardiac function was measured by echocardiography. We used spatial transcriptomics (Visium 10× Genomics) to compare the gene expression landscape in the hearts of mCAN10-treated versus control mice.

RESULTS:

IL1RAP blockade reduced CVB3 and EAM severity. In EAM, the treatment prevented deterioration of cardiac function, measured on day 42 post-disease induction (left ventricular ejection fraction: 56.5% versus 51.0% in isotype controls [
P
=0.002] and versus 51.4% in mice treated with anti-IL-1β antibodies alone [
P
=0.003]; n=10–11 mice per group). In the CVB3 model, mCAN10 did not impede viral clearance from the heart and significantly lowered the numbers of CD4
+
(cluster of differentiation 4) T cells (
P
=0.025), inflammatory Ly6C
+
CCR2
+
(lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus C/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2) monocytes (
P
=0.038), neutrophils (
P
=0.001) and eosinophils (
P
<0.001) infiltrating the myocardium. The spatial transcriptomic analysis revealed reduced canonical IL-1 signaling and chemokine expression in cardiac immune foci in CVB3-infected mice treated with IL1RAP blockade.

CONCLUSIONS:

Blocking IL1RAP reduces acute CVB3 myocarditis and EAM severity and preserves cardiac function in EAM. We conclude that IL1RAP blockade is a potential therapeutic strategy in viral and autoimmune myocarditis.
The Context, Logic, and Perpetuation of Violence
Authors: Haase Dwight
Published: November 2024

This article attempts to explain why the current conflict in Gaza has happened through a brief history of conflicts in Gaza since 2005 and a discussion of more recent events, focusing on conditions such as inequality, dependency, political repression, ethnic divisions, and previous incidents of violence. The article also reflects on the US response to the situation, concluding that domestic political agendas and the influence of special interests have perpetuated the Gaza crisis.
The Legal Landscape of Freedom of Association in Canada: The Complex Path to Half of a Constitutional Freedom
Authors: Newman Dwight
Published: November 2024

Part of a special issue setting out the shape of freedom of association in jurisdictions around the world, this article analyzes freedom of association in Canada. It argues that freedom of association in Canada has struggled toward being half a freedom. Early union-context case law saw it significantly constrained in judicial interpretation, though that has changed in recent years. Today, those judicial interpretations continue to face possible parliamentary response under distinctive constitutional arrangements in Canada, and they have not yet animated a case law on association outside the union context, though that now has more potential. So, association remains in the position of being a half-freedom, though this landscape could change in the years to come.
Analysis of Medically Unspecified Disease in the General Outpatient Department of a Comprehensive Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Xu Shuang , Liu Jing , Chen Yun , Zhang Qing
Published: November 2024

Background Patients with medically unspecified disease (MUD) may present at any disease stage, with clinical manifestations and test results that do not lead to a clear diagnosis, posing a common challenge in clinical settings. General practitioners, with their patient-centered approach and holistic medical models, have an advantage in diagnosing and treating MUD. Standardizing the diagnosis and treatment of MUD is a crucial skill for general practitioners. However, there is currently a lack of data on the treatment of MUD in general outpatient clinics of comprehensive tertiary hospitals. Objective This study examines the prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) in general outpatient clinics, offering insights for general practitioners in tertiary hospitals on diagnosing and treating MUS. It also serves as a foundation for standardizing the diagnostic and treatment protocols for MUD. Methods Select patients diagnosed with medically unspecified disease (MUD) who visited the outpatient department of our general medicine department between September 2021 and September 2022. Collect basic information and follow-up data for one year post-visit, and analyze the reasons for the initial visit and subsequent follow-up outcomes. Results A total of 576 patients with MUD received treatment at the general outpatient department, with an average age of (44.97 ± 13.50) years. There was no statistically significant difference in the age distribution among male and female MUD patients (P > 0.05). Chest pain was the most common reason for treatment of medically unspecified disease in the general outpatient department. Among patients treated for chest pain, there were more males than females (P < 0.05), and a greater number of patients were treated in specialized clinics compared to general clinics (P < 0.05), The majority of patients remained undiagnosed and had either 0 or no more than 2 visits within a year. There was no significant correlation between anxiety scores and age, although female patients, those with chest pain, healthcare staff, and non-smokers reported higher levels of self-anxiety. Conclusion MUD patients have various reasons for seeking medical treatment. General practitioners in comprehensive tertiary hospitals should make full use of relevant resources, attach importance to the full evaluation of the psychological status of MUD patients, standardize the diagnosis and treatment process of MUD, and provide more comprehensive diagnosis and treatment services.
Ethics of Media Practice Across the Digital Environment at Health Field During the Corona Pandemic
Authors: Bezai Asma
Published: November 2024

The media is a sensitive and difficult field that needs to organize information in it because it greatly influences public opinion and directs it either negatively or positively. It is capable of building or destroying an entire society, therefore, communicators must exercise a sense of responsibility when disseminating information and directing it to the public, this becomes even more important when the field is health media Here the need for these ethics emerges. The ethics of media practice are considered very important when it comes to the health field, which is primarily concerned with lives and health of people, especially during the occurrence of major crises, as happened and is happening recently through the Corona pandemic. Fear of the epidemic has spread throughout the world, which makes rumors spread faster than before, and these ethics become more important through the digital environment, where the opportunity is available for everyone to express their opinions, even if they are not qualified. Therefore, as well as interacting with and sharing the latest developments. In this study, it will be talked about the topic of health media during the Corona pandemic and its relationship to professional ethics in the digital environment. Then it will move on to highlight some of the contents of the digital environment during the Corona pandemic according to a critical vision.
Practical Knowledge and Attitudes of Pregnant Women About Viral Hepatitis B in N'djamena
Authors: Habkreo Mayanna , Dahainssala Maïré , Mahamat Badawi , Ngaré Adama , Hachim Mahamat , Nedjim Goumbo , Elefi Moussa , Kossou Abdramane , Moussa Ali
Published: November 2024

Viral hepatitis B, defined as inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus, is a major public health problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and practical attitudes of pregnant women concerning viral hepatitis B. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over six months in two hospitals in the city of N'Djamena. Pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at the Hôpital de l'Amitié Tchad-Chine or the Hôpital de District Sud de N'Djamena were included. Data were collected using pre-administered questionnaires administered during antenatal consultations. A total of 350 pregnant women were interviewed, of whom 51 had a positive HBsAg result, representing a prevalence of 14.57%. The mean age was 26.4 ±5.6 years. All school levels were represented. In terms of transmission routes: 37.3% of women cited the sexual route, versus 29.4% for the blood route. Mother-to-child transmission was known by 33.3% of pregnant women across all levels of education. However, knowledge was higher (over 70%) among pregnant women with higher levels of education. Nearly 80% of women surveyed were aware of the existence of the vaccine, but less than 1% had been vaccinated. Pregnant women's knowledge of the vaccine remains limited, despite the efforts made in recent years to improve the management of viral hepatitis.
The Schmidt Decomposition for Entangled System and Nonadiabatic Berry Phases
Authors: Abidi Ahlem , Trabelsi Adel
Published: November 2024

The time-dependent Hamiltonians are a very important portion in the modeling of real systems. In fact, the dynamic description of an entangled quantum systems is reflected in full coherence with the resolution of a wave function, solution of the Schrödinger equation throughout the entire study path. In this regard, we specify in this paper the system of two-site Bose-Hubbard model that obeys tunnel behavior, as two coupled harmonic oscillators, to examine quantum entanglement. The dynamics of such a system is described by the Schrödinger equation have introduced to the solution, the non-linear Ermakov equations as well as through a passage to the Heisenberg picture approach and the general Lewis and Riesenfeld invariant method compute between coupled harmonic oscillators and the coupled Caldirola Kanai oscillators. We prove that a time exponential increase in the mass of the system brings back to an exponential increase of entanglement and the Heisenberg picture approach is the most stable method to quantum entanglement because, this last has reached very large values. Also, we specify a cyclic time evolution, we find analytically the nonadiabatic Berry phases. In a particular case, such an entangled system acquired a nonadiabatic Berry phases that exhibits the same behavior as the Schmidt parameter.
Comparative Study of General Anesthesia and Regional Anesthesia in Obstetrics
Authors: Perween Naureen
Published: November 2024

Anaesthesia plays a major role in medical emergencies. In obstetric emergencies, general anaesthesia is preferred where rapid anesthesia is needed. Regional anaesthesia includes techniques like epidural, spinal, or combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and they produce loss of sensation without altering consciousness. The combined spinal-epidural improves epidural anesthesia quality during labor. Maternal mortality is a great concern worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, in the year 2020, 95% of maternal deaths occurred in low and lower-middle-income countries. Maternal mortality concern aims to reduce mortality rates. To reduce complication mentioned above, a primary literature survey of 34+ articles/papers has been performed to compare the implications of obstetrical anaesthesia, different anesthesia types and anaesthetic management. A comparative study based on the effective parameters like anesthetic management, Apgar score, maternal/neonatal outcome, maternal complication, maternal mortality, obstetric emergencies, and anesthetic preference has performed to assess the effect of general anaesthesia on maternal and neonatal outcomes, patient's safety, factors that affect anaesthetic management, identification and management of post-spinal hypotension in cesarean section, rapid assessment and management of obstetric and risk of failed intubation. The main contribution of the work is to summarize the outcomes to come up with significant observations which reveal that regional anaesthesia is a comparatively safe and common method of anaesthesia in non-emergent cases. The study also observed that the amalgamation of general anaesthesia with ‘rapid-Sequence induction and intubation’, and aspiration prophylaxis is the safest method of emergency management in cesarean section. The paper concludes that in non-emergent obstetric cases, regional anaesthesia is preferred over general anaesthesia, whereas the general anaesthesia is best option for emergent cases.
An Assessment of the Response of Land Surface Temperature to Land Use/Land Cover Change for Sustainable City
Authors: Olofin Emmanuel
Published: November 2024

The influx of people from the rural settlements to urban settlements has brought about the conversion of natural surfaces to artificial impervious surfaces. These urban features directly influence the Land Surface Temperature (LST) in the Cities. In order to analyze the changes in Land Use/Land Cover (LU/LC) and its effect on LST in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, from 1988 to 2018, this study used Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing. In this study, Abeokuta Landsat satellite data from 1988, 1999, 2013, and 2018 were used. A Land Use/Land Cover Changes (LU/LC) analysis was conducted using ERDAS Imaging 9.2 to ascertain the areas covered by each land use type from 1988 to 2018. Landsat images were used to obtain the city's LST values from 1988 to 2018. The research findings indicate that between 1988 and 2018, built-up land use type increased while vegetative land use declined within the research area. Furthermore, the study shows that in response to changes in land use and land cover, the amount of LST increased in Abeokuta along with the increase in built-up land use. Therefore, the study suggests creation of green belts within the city in order to mitigate the impact of impervious artificial surfaces on LST. This will make the cities comfortable for its dwellers and will ensure the sustainability of the of the urban areas.
Toxicological Study on Albino Rat Fed Rich-Fibre Food from Orange (Citrus sinensis Linn.) Pomace, Soyameal and Wheat Bran
Authors: Oduntan Abosede , Oduntan Oluwafemi
Published: November 2024

The concentration of phenolics and fibres in the orange pomace suggests that it could serve as an ingredient in novel food. lncrease in consumers demand for functional foods with natural origin like pomace is also on the increase. However, the possible toxicological effect has to be investigated. Orange pomace, wheat bran, and soyameal of different ratios were subjected to extrusion (5Kg per cycle) at fixed cooking temperature (110°C) and screw speed (290 rpm). The extrudates were tested on forty male Wistar rats for toxicity for 28 days. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at α0.05. Tested diets on Wistar rats resulted in lower weight gain which was at variance with the control diet. White blood cells (5283 – 6400 (x 109), creatine (0.63 – 0.70 mg/dL) and glucose (135.3 – 139.7 mg/dL) showed no significant difference between rats fed control and tested diets. Necrosis was not found in the kidney and liver of the rats fed with control and tested diets. The absence of toxic effects on the rat suggested that the food could be consumed for its health-promoting benefit in addition to eliminating environmental pollution by orange pomace. Extrusion of these raw materials yielded products which could contribute significant portion of fibre to human diet without adverse effect especially those that want to control their weight.
Modified XGBoost Hyper-Parameter Tuning Using Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization for Credit Score Classification
Authors: Langat Kenneth , Waititu Anthony , Ngare Philip
Published: November 2024

In recent years credit scoring has become a challenging issue among financial institutions. Several researchers have dedicated efforts in machine learning in the areas of credit scoring and results have shown that machine learning algorithms have had a satisfactory performance in the sector of credit scoring. Decision trees have been used for data sets that have high dimension and have a complex correlation and the benefits of feature combination and feature selection has led to the usage of decision trees in classification. The disadvantage of decision tree which is overfitting has led to the introduction of extreme gradient boosting that overcomes the shortcoming by integrating tree models. Employing optimization method helps in tuning the hyperparameters of the model. In this paper, a modified XGBoost model is developed that incorporates inflation parameter. In addition to the proposed model, the study uses adaptive particle swarm optimization since it does not fall into local optima. The swarm split algorithm uses clustering and two learning strategies to promote subswarm diversity and avoid local optimums. In this study the modified XGBoost model was compared to five traditional machine learning algorithms namely, the standard XGBoost model, logistic regression, KNN, support vector machine and decision tree. The study used one data set in credit scoring and the evaluation measures used were accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score. Results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms other models.
Active Methodologies Applied in Higher Technological Education
Authors: Vitorio Addão , Exposito Ferreira
Published: November 2024

This report presents an interdisciplinary experience carried out at the Faculty of Technology, belonging to the Paula Souza State Center for Technological Education, involving the subjects of Programming Logic and Fundamentals of Communication and Expression. The main objective of the project was to develop students' essential skills, competencies, and attitudes, enabling them to contribute positively to the improvement of quality in the industrial and commercial sectors. Active methodologies, such as Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Creative Learning, were employed to stimulate creativity in problem-solving. These activities were conducted in accordance with the principles of the Hitozukuri philosophy, which emphasizes human development and technical excellence. The project activities led to the development of the technical and conceptual skills required in both subjects, fulfilling the specific project goal of fostering improved relationships and mutual respect among students. As a result, and to showcase the project's interactive nature, several logic games were created and made available through workshops, using concrete materials. These were presented during an end-of-semester event, which was open to the community. This initiative not only enhanced the educational experience but also demonstrated the value of integrating different areas of study to promote holistic learning and development, ultimately preparing students for real-world challenges.
New Groups and Post-Traumatic Growth: Experimental Evidence That Gaining Group Memberships Supports Recovery From Natural Disaster
Authors: Craig Natalie , Haslam Catherine , Cruwys Tegan , Jetten Jolanda
Published: November 2024

This paper provides the first experimental test of whether two social identity model of traumatic identity change processes—(i) group membership gain, and (ii) group membership continuity—predict post-traumatic growth (PTG) and post-traumatic stress (PTS) via social identity revitalization. Participants ( N = 210, Mage = 49.59 years) were adult flood survivors who were randomly allocated to one of three conditions: group membership gain, group membership continuity, or a weather control. Participants then completed measures of PTG, PTS, and social identity revitalization. Participants in the group membership gain condition reported greater social identity revitalization, compared to the group membership continuity and control conditions. Social identity revitalization, in turn, predicted PTG, and the indirect effect of group membership gain on PTG was significant. We concluded that gaining new group memberships play a role in supporting natural disaster recovery by fostering positive reappraisals of the disaster via social identity revitalization.
Adaptive MSSRCPF filtering based on constrained optimization and fading memory for SINS/GNSS integrated navigation
Authors: Wang Ning , Liu Fanming
Published: November 2024

To address particle degeneracy and the challenge of selecting importance density functions in traditional particle filters for complex nonlinear systems, we propose an adaptive mixed-order spherical simplex-radial cubature particle filter algorithm based on constrained optimization and fading memory. This algorithm integrates constrained optimization, an adaptive fading memory strategy, adaptive adjustment of particle numbers and weights, and the advantages of mixed-order spherical simplex-radial cubature Kalman filtering. By designing the importance density function using a mixed-order integration method, the algorithm significantly improves filtering accuracy over traditional cubature Kalman filters while maintaining lower computational complexity than high-order cubature Kalman filter methods. The adaptive fading memory strategy dynamically adjusts the covariance matrix, enhancing sensitivity to current measurement information and reducing the influence of historical data. By dynamically adjusting the noise covariance matrix and constraining the ratio between the error covariance and measurement noise covariance, the algorithm improves the convergence speed and accuracy of state estimation. An adaptive particle number and weight adjustment strategy based on effective sample size and entropy regularization dynamically adjusts the number of particles to reduce computational complexity while ensuring filtering accuracy, and employs entropy regularization to suppress weight over-concentration, thereby reducing the impact of outliers on the filtering results. Simulation results demonstrate that in complex SINS/GNSS integrated navigation systems, especially under high-noise and nonlinear conditions, the proposed algorithm significantly improves positioning accuracy compared to the CPF method, with the maximum latitude error reduced by approximately 54.8%, the maximum longitude error reduced by approximately 40.5%, and the maximum altitude error reduced by approximately 68.3%. Compared to the FMCPF method, the proposed algorithm also shows clear advantages in positioning accuracy, convergence speed, and computational efficiency, validating its effectiveness and practicality in complex environments.
Participatory research at scale: A comparative analysis of four approaches to large-scale agricultural technology testing with farmers
Authors: Oberson Nathalie , Moussa Hannatou O , Aminou Ali M , Kidane Yosef Gebrehawaryat , Luo Juliet Nangamba , Giuliani Alessandra , Weltzien Eva , Haussmann Bettina IG
Published: November 2024

Tailoring agricultural technology options to the diverse conditions of smallholder farmers requires innovative approaches for testing these technologies with farmers across varied contexts, while incorporating their feedback into learning and decision-making processes. This study compares four such approaches: the Farmer Field School on Participatory Plant Breeding (FFS-PPB), Farmer Research Network (FRN), Crowdsourcing–Triadic comparisons of technologies (Tricot), and adapted Mother–Baby Trial (MBT) as implemented by four concrete projects. The objectives are to provide detailed descriptions of these approaches and their project-specific implementations, identify and analyze common aspects and differences, and derive insights to guide future farmer-inclusive projects aiming at contextual scaling of agricultural technologies. A literature review, key informant interviews, and a systematic content analysis were conducted for the analysis. Common features include cascade training models, simple farmer-managed experiments, and the use of digital tools for data collection. Major differences lie in the extent of farmer–researcher collaboration and decision-making, as well as how technology option-by-context interactions are addressed. The FRN, FFS-PPB, and adapted MBT approaches involve farmers in decision-making throughout most stages of research, including co-learning cycles that adapt the research design and technology options to farmers’ needs. Although these approaches require more training and expertise, they increase the likelihood of achieving relevant results that farmers can implement in practice. In contrast, more standardized approaches like the Crowdsourcing–Tricot streamline the implementation, data management and analysis of large-scale trials, but have limitations in capturing the underlying reasons for farmers’ preferences. Among the studied approaches, the FRN as implemented by the Women's Fields project in Niger is particularly effective in identifying which options best suit specific farming contexts.
Book review: Nishaant Choksi. 2021. Graphic Politics in Eastern India: Script and the Quest for Autonomy
Authors: Chatterji Roma
Published: November 2024

Nishaant Choksi. 2021. Graphic Politics in Eastern India: Script and the Quest for Autonomy. New Delhi: Bloomsbury. xv + 203. Figures, tables, note on transcriptions and index. £95 (Hardback––ISBN: 9781350159587)
Book review: Sebanti Chatterjee. 2023. Choral Voices: Ethnographic Imaginations of Sound and Sacrality
Authors: Kumar Ratheesh
Published: November 2024

Sebanti Chatterjee. 2023. Choral Voices: Ethnographic Imaginations of Sound and Sacrality. New York: Bloomsbury. xvi + 192 pp. Notes, bibliography, glossary, index. ₹739 (paperback—ISBN: 9781501379871).
Book review: Projit Bihari Mukharji. 2022. Brown Skins, White Coats: Race Science in India, 1920–66
Authors: Bhan Samiksha
Published: November 2024

Projit Bihari Mukharji. 2022. Brown Skins, White Coats: Race Science in India, 1920–66. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. x + 336 pp. Tables, figures, bibliography, index. $35 (paperback—ISBN: 0226823016 348).
Book review: Deepak Kumar. 2023. Science and Society in Modern India
Authors: Ray Subhadeepta
Published: November 2024

Deepak Kumar. 2023. Science and Society in Modern India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ix + 168 pp. Notes, figures, bibliography, index. $29.99 (paperback—ISBN: 9781009350648).
Pluriversal Autonomies Beyond Development: Towards an Intercultural, Decolonial and Ecological Buen Vivir as an Alternative to the 2030 Agenda in Abya Yala/Latin America
Authors: Garcia-Arias Jorge , Cuestas-Caza Javier
Published: November 2024

This article employs Critical Development Studies to analyze the international political economy of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and address how the main elements that sustain and characterize it turn it into “another brick in the wall” of the hegemonic development paradigm (neoliberal, neo-developmentalist, neocolonial, privatized, inequitable, and environmentally predatory). It further analyzes how this 2030 Agenda contributed to the process of ‘enclosure of development’ in Abya Yala/Latin America (AY/LA). We then employ decolonial thought and pluriversal perspectives to contest this hegemonic vision and imagine an intercultural, decolonial and ecological buen vivir or “good living” (BV-IDE) as an autonomist alternative to the 2030A model for AY/LA, and address three contemporary experiences in Colombia, Ecuador, and Central America.

En este trabajo, partiendo de una perspectiva de Estudios Críticos del Desarrollo y tras un análisis de economía política internacional crítica de la Agenda 2030 de Desarrollo Sostenible, mostramos cómo los ejes principales que la sostienen y atraviesan la convierten en ‘otro ladrillo en el muro’ del paradigma de desarrollo hegemónico (neoliberal, neodesarrollista, neocolonial, privatizado, inequitativo, y ecológicamente depredador), y cómo dicha Agenda 2030 ha contribuido al proceso de ‘cercamiento del desarrollo’, también en Abya Yala/América Latina (AY/AL).

Como respuesta a esta visión hegemónica proponemos, desde los aportes del pensamiento decolonial y las perspectivas pluriversales, imaginar un buen vivir intercultural, decolonial y ecologista (BV-IDE) como alternativa autonomista al modelo de la 2030A para AY/AL, y presentamos tres experiencias contemporáneas, en Colombia, Ecuador y Centroamérica, conectadas con nuestra propuesta.
Predictive observer–based control for lower triangular time-delay systems subject to mismatched disturbances
Authors: Xiong Wei , Wang Zuo , Zhang Baoyong , Li Shihua
Published: November 2024

This paper develops a predictive observer–based control (PO-BC) scheme to address the output stabilization problem of a class of time-delay systems subject to mismatched complex disturbances. Initially, a novel predictive observer is proposed to anticipate future information related to both disturbances and system states. By integrating these predictions, a composite controller is constructed, comprising feedback and feedforward compensation. A systematic approach for selecting control parameters is presented to facilitate easy implementation. The theoretical analysis demonstrates that as long as appropriate parameters are selected, the predictive observer can accurately predict both disturbances and system states, and the system’s output can asymptotically converge to zero. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is validated through sufficient simulations.
First-language acquisition in a multimodal language framework: Insights from speech, gesture, and sign
Authors: Karadöller Dilay Z. , Sümer Beyza , Özyürek Aslı
Published: November 2024

Children across the world acquire their first language(s) naturally, regardless of typology or modality (e.g. sign or spoken). Various attempts have been made to explain the puzzle of language acquisition using several approaches, trying to understand to what extent it can be explained by what children bring to language-learning situations as well as what they learn from the input and the interactive context. However, most of these approaches consider only speech development, thus ignoring the inherently multimodal nature of human language. As a multimodal view of language is becoming more widely adopted for the study of adult language, a multimodal approach to language acquisition is inevitable. Not only do children have the capacity to learn spoken and sign language equally easily, but spoken language acquisition consists of learning to coordinate linguistic expressions in both modalities, that is, in both speech and gesture. To provide a step forward in this direction, this article aims to synthesize findings from research studies that take a multimodal perspective on language acquisition in different sign and spoken languages, including the development of speech and accompanying gestures. Our review shows that while some aspects of language acquisition seem to be modality-independent, others might differ according to the affordances of each modality when used separately as well as together (either in sign, speech, and/or gesture). We argue that these findings need to be integrated into our understanding of language acquisition. We also identify which areas need future research for both spoken and sign language acquisition, taking into account not only multimodal but also cross-linguistic variation.