bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of novel diagnostic panel for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: findings based on urine proteomics and machine learning
Authors: Wang Yuye , Sun Yu , Wang Yu , Jia Shuhong , Qiao Yanan , Zhou Zhi , Shao Wen , Zhang Xiangfei , Guo Jing , Zhang Bin , Niu Xiaoqian , Wang Yi , Peng Dantao
Published: November 2023

Background

Alzheimer’s disease is a prevalent disease with a heavy global burden. Proteomics is the systematic study of proteins and peptides to provide comprehensive descriptions. Aiming to obtain a more accurate and convenient clinical diagnosis, researchers are working for better biomarkers. Urine is more convenient which could reflect the change of disease at an earlier stage. Thus, we conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate novel diagnostic panels.

Methods

We firstly enrolled participants from China-Japan Friendship Hospital from April 2022 to November 2022, collected urine samples, and conducted an LC–MS/MS analysis. In parallel, clinical data were collected, and clinical examinations were performed. After statistical and bioinformatics analyses, significant risk factors and differential urinary proteins were determined. We attempt to investigate diagnostic panels based on machine learning including LASSO and SVM.

Results

Fifty-seven AD patients, 43 MCI patients, and 62 CN subjects were enrolled. A total of 3366 proteins were identified, and 608 urine proteins were finally included in the analysis. There were 33 significantly differential proteins between the AD and CN groups and 15 significantly differential proteins between the MCI and CN groups. AD diagnostic panel included DDC, CTSC, EHD4, GSTA3, SLC44A4, GNS, GSTA1, ANXA4, PLD3, CTSH, HP, RPS3, CPVL, age, and APOE ε4 with an AUC of 0.9989 in the training test and 0.8824 in the test set while MCI diagnostic panel included TUBB, SUCLG2, PROCR, TCP1, ACE, FLOT2, EHD4, PROZ, C9, SERPINA3, age, and APOE ε4 with an AUC of 0.9985 in the training test and 0.8143 in the test set. Besides, diagnostic proteins were weakly correlated with cognitive functions.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the procedure is convenient, non-invasive, and useful for diagnosis, which could assist physicians in differentiating AD and MCI from CN.
Correlation analysis of clinical, pathological, imaging and genetic features of ground-glass nodule featured lung adenocarcinomas between high-risk and non-high-risk individuals
Authors: Ren Jing , Wang Yuan , Liu Chunrong , Yang Lan , Men Xinlu , Qiu Zhixin
Published: November 2023

Background

Early stage lung adenocarcinomas manifested as ground-glass nodules (GGNs) are increasingly being detected, but screening and diagnosis for GGN-featured lung adenocarcinomas in different risk populations reach no agreement.

Objectives

To analyze the clinical, pathological, imaging and genetic features of GGN-featured lung adenocarcinomas on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in different risk groups.

Methods

Include patients with GGNs on HRCT surgically diagnosed as lung adenocarcinoma in the West China Hospital, Sichuan University from 2009 to 2021, and their clinical, pathological, imaging and gene sequencing data.

Results

According to Chinese Expert Consensus on Screening and Management of Lung Cancer, 1,800 patients with GGN-featured lung adenocarcinoma, 545 males (incl. 269 smokers) and 1,255 females (incl. 16 smokers), were divided into high-risk (509) and non-high-risk (1,291) groups. Among them, 1,095 were detected via physical examination. The mean age at diagnosis was 54.78 (23–84) and the mean time from detection to diagnosis was 9.59 months. There were more males than females in the high-risk group [288 (56.58%) vs 221 (43.42%)], just the opposite in the non-high-risk group [1,034 (80.09%) vs 257 (19.91%)] (both P < 0.001). No statistical difference was found in GGN detection way (P > 0.05). The frequency of invasive adenocarcinoma was higher in the high-risk group, while those of precursor lesions and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma were higher in the non-high-risk group (all P < 0.001). The preoperative follow-up time in the non-high-risk group was shorter (P < 0.05). A total of 711 gene mutations were observed in 473 patients with a ratio of non-high-risk to high-risk of 494:217. The incidence of EGFR mutation was not statistically significant (P = 0.824), while those of TP53 and KRAS mutations were higher in the high-risk group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

GGN-featured lung adenocarcinoma is dominated by non-high-risk female patients. Shorter preoperative follow-up in the non-high-risk group and no statistical difference in GGN detection way suggests the existing screening criteria for high-risk population may not suit GGN-featured lung cancer. In addition, the incidences of KRAS and TP53 mutations are higher in the high-risk group.
Nutrition transition, double burden of malnutrition, and urbanization patterns in secondary cities of Bangladesh, Kenya and Rwanda
Authors: Barth-Jaeggi Tanja , Speich Cornelia , Havugimana Cassien , Bayisenge Francine , Kimenju Simon , Omondi Wilfred , Pasha S. Fuad , Islam Shahidul , van Zutphen-Küffer Kesso Gabrielle , van den Berg Sophie , Barjolle Dominique , Pannatier Marnie , Prytherch Helen
Published: November 2023

Background

By 2050, approximately 68% of the global population will live in cities, but nutrition data on urban populations of low- and middle-income countries are scarce. Fast growing secondary cities, combining characteristics and hurdles of urban and rural settings, are hotspots for the double burden of malnutrition. The Nutrition in City Ecosystems (NICE) project focuses on 6 secondary cities in Bangladesh, Kenya and Rwanda, to improve health and nutrition, and reduce poverty. To assess the baseline situation and guide future interventions, food insecurity, dietary diversity, nutrition status, and food production and purchasing patterns were explored.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study design, data were collected from urban and peri-urban households of Dinajpur and Rangpur in Bangladesh, Bungoma and Busia in Kenya, and Rubavu and Rusizi in Rwanda. Approximately 1200 households, in neighborhoods prone to malnutrition, were involved from April to June 2021. We assessed Household Food Insecurity Access Score (HFIAS), both current and before COVID-19, Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS), Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W), anthropometric measurements, household and socioeconomic information, and questions related to food production and consumer behavior. Further we collected secondary data on low birthweight and anemia during pregnancy.

Results

All cities experienced a substantial increase in food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Stunting rates in children under 5 years varied among the cities and ranged from 7.8% in Busia to 46.6% in Rubavu, while half of adult women were overweight (between 42.1% in Rusizi and 55.8% in Bungoma). Furthermore, many women did not consume an adequately diverse diet (MDD-W < 5 for 29.3% in Bangladesh, 47.5% in Kenya, and 67.0% in Rwanda), however many of the urban and peri-urban households were engaged in farming (58–78%).

Conclusions

The double burden of malnutrition is high in secondary cities and the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated levels of food insecurity. Demand for, and access to, an affordable healthy diverse diet that comprises local, nutritious, and agroecologically produced foods present a pathway for overcoming the complex challenges of malnutrition.
Utilization and short-term outcomes of percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion in patients with cancer
Authors: Zhang Yaqi , Yang Zhuoran , Almani Muhammad U. , Soon-Shiong Raquel , Liu Bolun
Published: November 2023

Background

Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) has been rapidly evolving since FDA’s approval in 2015 and has become more of a same-day-discharge procedure. Cancer patient with atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF) population can benefit from the procedure but the in-hospital outcomes and readmission data were rarely studied.

Objectives

We investigated the utilization, in-hospital and readmission outcomes in cancer patients with AF who underwent LAAO.

Methods

Data were derived from the National Inpatient Sample and National Readmissions Database from 2016 to 2019. Patients with primary diagnosis of AF admitted for LAAO (ICD-10 code 02L73DK) were grouped by cancer as a secondary diagnosis. We assessed in-hospital mortality, length of stay, total hospital charges, and complications. Thirty-day readmission rates were compared.

Results

LAAO was performed in 60,380 patients with AF and 3% were cancer patients. There were no differences in in-hospital mortality and total hospital charges; however, cancer patients tended to have longer hospital stay (1.59 ± 0.11 vs. 1.32 ± 0.02, p = 0.013). Among complications, cancer patients had higher rates in open or percutaneous pericardial drainage (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19–4.76) and major bleeding events (aOR 7.07; 95% CI 1.82–27.38). There was no statistical significance of 30-day readmission rates between patients with and without cancer (10.0% vs. 9.1%, p = 0.34). The most common readmission reason in cancer patients was gastrointestinal bleeding.

Conclusions

LAAO is a promising procedure in cancer patients complicated by AF with contraindication to anticoagulation. Readmission rate is comparable between patients with and without cancer.
Potential candidacy for thrombolysis among ischemic stroke patients presenting to Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar
Authors: Aliena Badshah  , Haider Iqbal , Durkho Atif  , Muhammad Taimoor
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To determine the number of ischemic stroke patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital that are potential candidates for thrombolysis.

Methods: This need analysis study was conducted on one hundred consecutive ischemic stroke patients during the last quarter of 2022 at the Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. The Arrival National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIH Stroke Scale) was calculated for all suspected stroke patients after a detailed history and clinical examination. An urgent non-contrast-enhanced CT scan brain was carried out. Patients were included in the study group after intra-cranial bleed was excluded on imaging.

Results: The majority (43%) of the patients (male and female) fell in the age group 51-60 years. Fifty-nine (59%) patients had hypertension as a co-morbid condition; 49% had diabetes mellitus while the remaining percentages were constituted by other risk factors. Fifty-seven (57%) patients presented with NIH Stroke Scale between 5-15; 25% had NIH Stroke Scale greater than or equal to 21. Forty-one (41%) patients having daytime (8 am to 8 pm) strokes presented within 4.5 hours of stroke onset to the hospital while 31% of patients having nighttime strokes (8 pm to 8 am) presented within 4.5 hours of stroke onset to the hospital.

Conclusion: The majority (72%) of ischemic stroke patients reached the hospital facility within 4.5 hours of stroke onset. These patients can be benefited from thrombolysis leading to improved outcomes if available in that particular health facility.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.1.7717

How to cite this: Badshah A, Haider I, Atif D, Taimoor M. Potential candidacy for thrombolysis among ischemic stroke patients presenting to Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.1.7717

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Use of Upadacitinib in Refractory Esophageal Lichen Planus: Endoscopic Improvement in “Planus” Sight
Authors: Becker Erica C. , Mavilia-Scranton Marianna , Finch Justin , Yu Mingfu , Rezaizadeh Houman
Published: November 2023

Although rarely reported, esophageal lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease that can lead to debilitating symptoms. It is reported to affect adult women in the fourth and fifth decades of life. Treatment ranges from medical therapy to endoscopic dilation. Owing to underdiagnoses and limited data on therapies, little guidance is provided in the literature regarding treatment of refractory cases. We report a case of a 68-year-old woman with esophageal lichen planus who had symptoms and lack of histological improvement despite being on budesonide and mycophenolate. She was then transitioned to upadacitinib 30 mg daily and had significant symptomatic and endoscopic improvement.
Ultrafiltration associated with microporous resin decolorizing the Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth for the production of γ-polyglutamic acid
Authors: Yu Qianhui , Zhang Jinfeng , Cui Yanmin , Zhang Xiushan , Yang Shuning , Huang Xin , Li Tuoping
Published: November 2023

Currently, the industrial production of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) was mainly based on microbial fermentation, but the decolorization technology still needs to be improved. Therefore, in this study, the optimal decolorization conditions and efficiencies were investigated. As the result, D4006 was an ideal resin for the decolorization of γ-PGA fermentation broth. The optimal decolorization pH value and temperature were pH 3 and 40 °C, respectively; ultrafiltration differential pressure, temperature and time were 0.2 MPa, 40 °C, and 6 h, respectively. Moreover, the combination of D4006 (3 %) resin on the basis of ultrafiltration had a better decolorization effect on γ-PGA fermentation broth, and the decolorization rate reached 96.8 %.
A Lost Game of Bank Bargains: West Germany and International Banking Regulation between Bretton Woods and Basel I (1972–1988)
Authors: Kemmerer Matthias
Published: November 2023

Current theories of financial regulation suggest expanding rules-based formal state intervention to promote international banking stability. Such policy solutions should then be global in scope. This article instead argues that principles-based informal co- and self-regulation through domestic (gentlemen’s) agreements underpinned West German bank internationalisation until the 1980s. The analytic narrative approach allows the tracing of the social dynamics of the German politics of regulation, drawing on unused primary sources: Coalitions between the German regulating and regulated actors were bolstered by a liberal domestic framework and bespoke national policies. In contrast, regulatory harmonisation through international prudential standards came with high domestic adjustment costs for the German banking sector. Thus, domestic makeshift solutions to deal with and internalise cross-border financial risks proved most workable.
Risk Management, Expectations and Global Finance
Authors: Nützenadel Alexander
Published: November 2023

What impact do past experiences have on the expectation formation of banks? This article analyses the risk management of Germany’s largest bank during the 1970 and 1980s. In this period, financial deregulation and globalization increased the likelihood of credit defaults and forced banks to implement new strategies of risk assessment. The Herstatt failure of 1974 triggered a series of new regulations, partly based on initiatives of the banks themselves. After the sovereign debt crisis of the 1980s, banks introduced a comprehensive strategy of country-risk assessment. They systematically professionalized their information resources and integrated risk and liability management. Economic forecasting was often based on historical data used for the classification and diversification of risks. However, learning from past experiences had limitations, as recent events were often overrated. This had the effect that the banks’ country risk assessment focused mainly on developing countries while the industrial world was not included in the schemes. This might explain why many banks have continually underestimated the financial risks present in developed countries since the 1990s.
Design, synthesis, and biological activity studies of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Authors: Erzurum Delal , Osmaniye Derya , Sağlık Begüm Nurpelin , Levent Serkan , Özkay Yusuf , Kaplancıklı Zafer Asım
Published: November 2023

Carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes are a common catalytic enzyme in many organisms. Vertebrates and invertebrates have different CA isoforms. Sixteen different isozymes of the α-CA isoform found in vertebrates have been identified so far. The main task of this enzyme is to catalyze the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions in the body. It is widely distributed in many organs and tissues. They are involved in important physiological processes such as pH and CO2 homeostasis, biosynthetic reactions such as gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, ureagenesis, bone resorption, calcification, tumorigenicity, and electrolyte secretion. As a result of the literature research, it has been determined that the most effective inhibitor of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme is sulfonamides. The R group in the general molecular structure of R-SO2–NH2 generally consists of aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems. The sulfonamides interact strongly with the Zn2+ ions in the active site of the enzyme. In this study, 10 sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized. Analyses of the obtained compounds are evaluated by using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS spectroscopic methods. The inhibition effect of the obtained compounds on the carbonic anhydrase enzyme was investigated by means of in vitro kit method. For the selected compounds, docking studies were performed and the enzyme active sites and binding points were determined. It was revealed that the strongest interaction with CA enzymes (CA-I, CA-II, CA-IX, CA-XII) active sites was observed with the compound 2e.
Successful treatment of ultra-high-risk refractory multiple myeloma with anti-BCMA CAR-T therapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case report
Authors: Wang Yi , Yi Shuhua , Xu Yan , Zhang Rongli , Pang Aiming , Feng Sizhou , Jiang Erlie , Qiu Lugui , Zou Dehui
Published: November 2023

Recently, chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) has produced unprecedented and encouraging results in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) after multiple lines of treatment, especially among high-risk patients; however, most patients inevitably relapse after CAR-T therapy. Exploring therapeutic strategies followed by CAR-T therapy has attracted increasing attention that warrants continued investigation. Herein, we present a young patient with RRMM and ultra-high-risk genetic abnormalities and refractoriness to a proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib), immunomodulatory drugs (lenalidomide and pomalidomide), a cytotoxic drug (liposomal doxorubicin), and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody. After three lines of treatment, the patient underwent CAR-T therapy targeting BCMA for salvage treatment, then achieved a very good partial response with good tolerability. Subsequently, we performed an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) from an HLA-matched unrelated donor as consolidation therapy. The efficacy was evaluated as a stringent complete response 42 days after the allo-HSCT. The patient has achieved progression-free survival for > 9 months after transplantation. The success of our case demonstrated that for carefully selected patients, anti-BCMA CAR-T therapy followed by allo-HSCT is effective and feasible in treating RRMM. A longer duration of follow-up and additional studies are needed to affirm this therapeutic strategy.
МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ДОСВІД РЕФОРМУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ОПОДАТКУВАННЯ ДОХОДІВ У ПОСТПАНДЕМІЧНИЙ І ВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОДИ
Authors: ФРОЛОВА Наталія
Published: November 2023

Узагальнено міжнародний досвід реформування систем оподаткування доходів у воєнних і поствоєнних умовах, зокрема, проведено порівняння підходів до реформування систем оподаткування доходів у США, Швеції, Данії, Франції і Великій Британії. Розглянуто приклади, які демонструють, що, попри той факт, що податки на багатство в багатьох країнах Європи і світу характеризувалися низькою бюджетною ефективністю (не приносили значних бюджетних надходжень і при цьому вимагали суттєвих адміністративних витрат), тактика оподаткування надприбутків широко практикувалася тривалий час навіть після закінчення війни, зокрема, у постпандемічний період і в умовах сучасної енергетичної кризи в країнах ЄС.Систематизовано основні погляди на оподаткування багатства фізичних осіб – не стільки як загрози відпливу капіталу і дестимулювання капіталовкладень, скільки як важливої складової податкової системи, що в поєднанні з іншими податками на доходи і майно сприяє відновленню рівномірності розподілу багатства і мінімізує можливості для податкових ухилень. Акцентовано увагу на застосуванні країнами ЄС податку на надприбутки як солідарного одноразового загальноєвропейського податку у відповідь на глобальну соціально-економічну кризу, спричинену негативними наслідками пандемії COVID-19 і зростанням цін на енергоносії через воєнну агресію РФ. Обґрунтовано ключові вимоги, яким має відповідати податок на багатство фізичних осіб, для його запровадження в Україні, що передбачає встановлення неоподатковуваного мінімуму на високому рівні, а також його поширення не лише на резидентів України, а й на громадян інших країн, що володіють активами на її території, з метою підвищення його прогресивності й бюджетної ефективності.
Kaempferitrin alleviates LPS-induced septic acute lung injury in mice through downregulating NF-κB pathway
Authors: Zhu Xiaoli , Pan Yongyue , Xu Xin , Xu Jing
Published: November 2023

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) causes severe and uncontrolled pulmonary inflammation and has high morbidity in dying patients.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the potential function of Kaempferitrin (Kae) and uncover its mechanisms in ALI.
Material and Methods: We evaluated the role of Kae in ALI through the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced histopathological changes, lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio, total bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells count, pulmonary inflammation, and the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-1β. The effect of Kae on NF-κB signaling pathway was discovered through the protein expression levels of transcription factors p65, p-p65, IκBα, and p-IκBα by Western blot analysis.
Results: The results showed that Kae could improve lung injury by reducing apoptosis, histopathological changes, and lung W/D ratio; more importantly, Kae enhanced the survival of ALI mice. Moreover, Kae relieved inflammation, as it reduced total BALF cells count, and deceased the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in serum. In addition, Western blot analysis data suggested that Kae could decrease the protein expression levels of transcription factors p65, p-p65, IκB-α, and p-IκB-α, which were promoted by LPS.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that Kae could relieve LPS-induced ALI in mice and reduce inflammation and apoptosis through NF-κB pathway.
Selective Concept Models: Permitting Stakeholder Customisation at Test-Time
Authors: Barker Matthew , Collins Katherine M. , Dvijotham Krishnamurthy , Weller Adrian , Bhatt Umang
Published: November 2023

Concept-based models perform prediction using a set of concepts that are interpretable to stakeholders. However, such models often involve a fixed, large number of concepts, which may place a substantial cognitive load on stakeholders. We propose Selective COncept Models (SCOMs) which make predictions using only a subset of concepts and can be customised by stakeholders at test-time according to their preferences. We show that SCOMs only require a fraction of the total concepts to achieve optimal accuracy on multiple real-world datasets. Further, we collect and release a new dataset, CUB-Sel, consisting of human concept set selections for 900 bird images from the popular CUB dataset. Using CUB-Sel, we show that humans have unique individual preferences for the choice of concepts they prefer to reason about, and struggle to identify the most theoretically informative concepts. The customisation and concept selection provided by SCOM improves the efficiency of interpretation and intervention for stakeholders.
Editorial
Authors: Ronderos Valderrama Jorge , Moreno Ospina Manuel Ignacio
Published: November 2023

Editorial
Correlation between Pulmonary Artery Doppler with Neonatal Outcome in Patients with Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Marie Heba , Al Sawaf Ahmed Hussein , Haggag Hisham , Amin Noran , Amin Menna , El Husseiny Tarek
Published: November 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to correlate fetal main pulmonary artery (PA) Doppler indices with the neonatal outcome in the late preterm and early term pregnancies in placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) patients Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 71 patients with PAS disorders singleton pregnancies undergoing elective or emergency termination of pregnancy under general anesthesia at or after 34 weeks. A full obstetrics ultrasound scan was performed within 24 hours before delivery and after corticosteroids administration to confirm the eligibility criteria and to measure PA Doppler indices in the main PA (pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), systolic to diastolic (S/D) ratio, peak systolic velocity (PSV) and acceleration to ejection time (At/Et) ratio). Results: Twenty-three neonates needed respiratory support and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Fetuses that needed respiratory support had a significantly lower gestational age at delivery (36±1.2 versus 36.8±0.5), lower estimated fetal weight (EFW) (2770±475 versus 3096±328), lower birth weight (2782±595 versus 3152±337) and also lower Apgar score than those who did not need. None of the PA Doppler parameters correlated with the neonatal need for respiratory support. The need for respiratory support was more in the neonates who were terminated on emergency basis (39.1% versus 60.9%). The depth of placental invasion correlated with maternal morbidity. Conclusions: PA Doppler parameters do not correlate with the need for respiratory support in patient with PAS disorders.
Evaluation of Plastic Depletion by Replacing Eco-Dining Palm-Plates (Areca Catechu)
Authors: L Kuladeep kumar , Venkatesh  , K Gowthami. , Rani C. , Silpa G.
Published: November 2023

Background: In today's world, take-away materials predominantly consist of non-biodegradable plastics, known for their longevity and the release of harmful toxins during decomposition. To tackle this problem, the following article delves into the advantages and substitutes for plastic takeaway utensils and tableware, focusing on products made from palm (areca) and coconut tree by-products. It delves into the revival of traditional methods and knowledge rummage-sale in the southern then central parts of the India to create sustainable dining products. The article includes a market analysis, design considerations, life cycle analysis, and in-depth research on fabrication. Disposable plates, such as those made it from the polythene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, and polyvinyl chloride pose health risks, As a result of the release of noxious compounds, including melamine, vinyl chloride, biphenyl A, and phthalates. Therefore, an increasing trend is emerging in favour of utilizing use and throw plates crafted from plant leaves, which are both renewable and decomposable, however it is offering substantial antioxidant and medicinal properties. Results: In India, the classical way of using leaf dining plates carries profound cultural values, religious beliefs, medicinal, and socio-economic significance. The art of crafting these leaf plates serves as a livelihood for tribal communities residing in the states such as Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Andhra Pradesh, These palm plates hold a crucial role in the offerings presented during religious rituals (Naivedyam) and the distribution of Prasadam to devotees. They find extensive use in serving meals at weddings, religious festivities, communal gatherings, and a wide array of other events. India embraces a variety of plant leaves not just as dining plates but also for their utility in wrapping, steaming, grilling, frying, and as materials for food packaging. Conclusion: In summary, biodegradable palm plates possess significant promise in the global market, granted they adhere to quality, design criteria. To promote the continued use of Leaf plates and discourage the adoption of plastic alternatives, it is imperative for the government to establish requisite regulations, which local authorities should rigorously enforce. Furthermore, spreading awareness among school and college students regarding the importance of these leaf plates is pivotal for nurturing their sustained adoption.
Segregación laboral y migración de paraguayos. Ronda censal 2010
Authors: Rodríguez Cañete Clarissa Melina
Published: November 2023

A lo largo de sucesivos períodos de la historia de Paraguay, las corrientes migratorias tanto internas como internacionales tuvieron como protagonistas principales a las mujeres, quienes se desplazaron por razones políticas, económicas y sociales. Entre las principales corrientes migratorias se encuentran Argentina, España, Brasil y Estados Unidos, destinos preferidos para los paraguayos que deciden migrar. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la segregación laboral de los migrantes paraguayos a Argentina y Brasil en la ronda censal 2010. Para ello, a partir de los censos de población y vivienda de los países de Latinoamérica denominado Investigación de la Migración Internacional en Latinoamérica, se identificó el patrón de migración de los paraguayos desde 1980 a 2010. La investigación se centró en un enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental; con un nivel descriptivo, tipo documental explicativo, ya que se buscó determinar el grado de segregación laboral de ambos países. El método utilizado fue el estadístico, con el fin de calcular el grado de segregación con el índice de disimilitud; y el analítico-sintético para comprender las relaciones y las causas subyacentes de la migración paraguaya a Brasil y Argentina. Los resultados de la investigación arrojan un índice de disimilitud para las mujeres igual a 0,44 en los servicios domésticos, y, de 0,5 para los hombres en las canteras y minas. Por tanto, se concluye que para mantener una igual distribución de mujeres y hombres en estas actividades se requiere del ingreso de 56% más de hombres en los servicios domésticos y de 50% más de mujeres en las canteras y minas.
External auditory canal cholesteatoma: classification and management
Authors: Fageeh Yahya A. , Al-Anazy Fatma H.
Published: November 2023

Background: External auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC) is a disease characterized by the accumulation of keratin in the ear canal and erosion of the bony wall. Etiologically, it may be primary or secondary. It presents with ear discharge and pain. Distinction from similar conditions is crucial for appropriate treatment. This study evaluates the EACC. Its purpose is to suggest categories based on disease extent. This study aimed to evaluate the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of EACC. The goal was to classify EACC based on disease severity and propose treatment approaches.
Methods: A retrospective review of medical records for patients diagnosed with EACC over ten years. Clinical data were examined for the presentation, clinical findings, etiology, and treatment. We simplified the approach by dividing the disease into three categories: Category 1, confined to the ear canal; Category 2, eroded the canal wall; Category 3, extended to adjacent structures.
Results: 18 patients were included in the study. Ear discharge and otalgia were the most common symptoms. Etiological classification of the disease identified most as secondary EACC. Two cases were assigned to Category 1, six to Category 2, and ten to Category 3.
Conclusions: Common symptoms of EACC are ear discharge, pain, and hearing loss. Our study categorizes the condition into three categories based on severity, extension, and treatment strategies. Most cases were assigned to category 3 and extended into adjacent structures.
An analysis of strategies to improve financial sustainability of revolving loan fund programs: a case of world vision Burundi hiv/aids project in gashoho adp
Authors: Macumi Fabian
Published: November 2023

Financial sustainability for revolving loan fund programs has been a topic of utmost interest especially to most non-profit organization (NGO) leaders, potential funders, including those communities that these programs function for. Financial sustainability makes the basis for community development which combines interventions by development-workers both from governmental and non-governmental agencies. This study sought to investigate the strategies adopted to improve financial sustainability of funding programs that related to revolving loans with one singular case study of a World Vision Burundi HIV/AIDS project in Gashoho ADP. The study is used descriptive research design to seek opinion of respondents. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to evaluate and assess quantitative information whereas the thematic analysis was utilised to evaluate qualitative information. The study found that training on fund use, reduction of corruption, increasing awareness on vision of revolving loan funds, development of entrepreneurial mindset among beneficiaries, implementation of good financial management system, proper monitoring & evaluation of the performance of revolving loan fund programs as effective strategies for enhancing financial sustainability of revolving loan fund programs in Gashoho for enhancing financial sustainability of revolving loan funds in Burundi, Gashoho ADP. The study concluded that fund- use training was related to financial sustainability of revolving loan fund programs (r=.2017; R- square = 0.0408). The study showed that financial management is effective in ensuring the financial sustainability of revolving funds programs by increasing knowledge on the utilization of financial resources (r=0.08). Similarly, the study concluded that monitoring and evaluation is a key to achieving the financial sustainability of revolving loan funds programs(r=0.116; Chi- Square=0.008; and F-Statistic = 2.72 at significance level =.100). The study concluded that training on fund use, financial management practices and Monitoring and evaluation of projects as the key strategies for the financial sustainability of revolving funds. The study recommended that revolving funds adopts these tripartite strategies to ensure the revolving remain sustainable after the donor leaves the project.
Streptococcus pyrogens: A Short Review
Authors: Lakshmi N. , Swathi S. , Saraswathi N.
Published: November 2023

Streptococcus pyrogens (commonly called as "group A streptococcus") is a pathogen infecting 18.1 million people and resulting in death of 5,00,000 people every year worldwide. The pathogens causing group A streptococcus (GAS) are commonly transmission through respiratory droplets, touching skin sore caused by GAS or through contaminated Material Streptococcus pyrogens is majorly found in children and elderly people. Preventing and controlling measures should be implemented to & reduce the risk of S. pyrogens by improving living Conditions and personal hygiene. GAS diseases are widely found in developing countries and low socioeconomic areas of developed countries.
Current view on mirror syndrome (Ballantyne’s syndrome)
Authors: Romanovsky A. N. , Ovsyannikov F. A. , Osipova A. V.
Published: November 2023

Mirror syndrome (Ballantyne syndrome) is a rare complication of pregnancy that develops on the background of fetal edema of immune or non-immune origin, in which a pregnant woman develops a clinical symptomocomplex similar to severe preeclampsia. The purpose of this review is to present a modern view on the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and management of pregnancy, complicated by mirror syndrome. Perinatal losses in Ballantyne syndrome reach 56–67 %. The triggering factor in the development of mirror syndrome are conditions in which generalized edema of the fetus and placenta develops, which leads to the development of dropsy of the mother. Correction of the cause of fetal edema leads to regression of clinical symptoms in a pregnant woman. Specialists in the field of fetal surgery should be aware of the possibility of developing this condition during intrauterine correction of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome.
Scientific evaluation of Ayurvedic drugs — the use of N-of-1 clinical trials
Authors: Chatterjee Arani , Subramaniam Swaminathan , A Sankaranarayanan
Published: November 2023

Despite its ancient roots and prominence in India as an accepted alternative to modern medicine, Ayurveda’s growth has been hampered by an inability to carry out clinical studies of its effectiveness and safety using modern scientific methods ― while preserving the core of Ayurveda, which is personalised medicine. In this comment, we propose that the N-of-1 trial be used as a practical method to evaluate Ayurvedic treatments, which is simultaneously consistent with the canons of modern medicine and of Ayurveda. We emphasise the importance of doing this as a practical alternative that will benefit patients. We need not wait to resolve the epistemic inconsistency between Ayurveda and modern medicine to take steps in this direction.
JUSTICIA TRANSICIONAL Y MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN: UN ESTUDIO DE CASO SOBRE LA JURISDICCIÓN ESPECIAL PARA LA PAZ Y LA PRENSA EN COLOMBIA
Authors:   Universidad de Caldas, Sandoval Robayo Mary Luz , Meneses Clavijo Edna Margarita ,   ESAP
Published: November 2023

Transitional justice applicable to the transition from dictatorships to democracies and from states of war to states of peace, supposes a very wide field of study, application and varied developments according to the transition scenarios. Its implementation under conditions of permanence of internal armed conflict and social and political cleavage, has led to divisions for or against it and for or against the armed actors in dispute in Colombia. These cleavages have been transferred to the media in the form of ideological positions, which construct truths that may or may not favor transitional justice. This article deals with transitional justice as a theoretical and political perspective, synthesizes the origin, development and characteristics of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace, JEP in Colombia and presents the results of an investigation that seeks to identify the existence or not of a differential treatment by of the newspapers El Tiempo and El Espectador on the Transitional Justice Law in the case of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace (2017), JEP applied to the FARC-EP guerrilla group in the framework of the Havana peace process signed in the year 2016.
Public Private Community Partnership in Ngebel Lake Tourism Development, Ponorogo Regency
Authors: Sholikhah Nikmatus , Tamrin M. Husni
Published: November 2023

Tourism development is one of the priority sectors in a country because the influence of tourism is able to drive economic growth and become the country's largest foreign exchange earner. In developing tourism, the government has entered into partnerships such as that carried out by the Ponorogo Regency Government with the Moroccan International Group Of Development, Technologies And Construction Companies (GDTC) and the Ngebel Tourism Awareness Group (POKDARWIS) as the government's effort to develop Ngebel Lake tourism. The purpose of this research is to describe and analyze the characteristics of the Public, Private, and Community Partnership (PPCP) in the development of tourism in Ngebel Ponorogo Regency as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses data collection, data reduction, data display and verification. The results of this study found that the partnership between DISBUDPARPORA Ponorogo Regency, GDTC International Morocco and POKDARWIS Ngebel has not gone well, there are still obstacles between the government and private parties and in the budget that was initially submitted by the private party, they switched to using the APBD budget with government problems, which did not immediately make BUMD a requirement for disbursement of funds from the private sector. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the characteristics of successful partnerships so that stakeholders can improve themselves before collaborating
Social Policy Strategy in an Effort to Minimize Crime in East Java
Authors: Sukmana Hendra , Mursyidah Lailul , Agustina Isna Fitria
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe social policy strategies that can be applied in an effort to minimize the crime rate in East Java and to describe obstacles in implementing social policy strategies in an effort to minimize crime rates in East Java. Data analysis was carried out by analyzing the Miles and Huberman model data which consisted of three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation (data display), and drawing or verifying conclusions. The results showed that the social policy strategy in minimizing the crime rate in East Java is to create a labor-intensive housing program and increase the expansion of higher education services so that it can produce graduates who are in accordance with the needs of the labor market, especially in remote rural areas. Obstacles that are considered to be able to interfere with the implementation of social policy strategies in an effort to minimize the crime rate in East Java include: social conflicts that cannot be estimated when and where they occur, conflicts and competition in the community, the number of people in East Java which is relatively high and there are economic inequalities in several areas of East Javanese society.
Imagem de Loja, Nível de Preço e Justiça de Preço como Determinantes para Intenção de Recompra
Authors: Da Fonseca Douglas , de Lima Vinicius Zanchet , Tartarotti Lucas , Dzulinski Ana Caroline
Published: November 2023

A intenção de recompra possui grande importância no contexto acadêmico e empresarial e, por este motivo, diversos pesquisadores salientam que há lacunas para aprofundar o conhecimento sobre os seus construtos antecedentes. Compreender o fenômeno que leva o consumidor a ter a intenção de recompra de certo produto e/ou serviço é um aspecto-chave para o sucesso das empresas. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo é verificar os impactos da imagem de loja, nível de preço e justiça de preço sobre a intenção de recompra em um supermercado localizado na Serra Gaúcha. A metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa de caráter quantitativo descritivo. Assim, a partir de uma pesquisa com 223 consumidores, identificou-se que todas as hipóteses propostas foram confirmadas apresentando relação significativa como antecedente da intenção de recompra. Com isso, os resultados do presente estudo possibilitam refletir sobre algumas contribuições relevantes do modelo teórico testado em relação à intenção de recompra.
Application of machine learning algorithms in drug screening
Authors: Jin Ke , Rong Cunqing , Chang Jincai
Published: November 2023

At present, in the medical field, drug screening is usually performed using in vivo drug experiments. However, it is very time-consuming and laborious to conduct in vivo experiments on a large number of drugs to be screened one by one. This paper attempts to propose using machine learning algorithms to perform preliminary screening of a large number of compounds to be screened and their molecular structures to reduce the workload of in vivo experiments. Among them, it is internationally recognized that there is an important association between breast cancer progression and the alpha subtype of the estrogen receptor. Anti-breast cancer drug candidates with excellent efficacy need to contain compounds that can better antagonize ERα activity. In this paper, the research object is narrowed down from compounds to the molecular structure of the compounds, and then the random forest regression algorithm is used to develop the molecular structure-ERα activity prediction model. Molecular structures with significant effects on biological activity were screened from molecular structure descriptors in numerous compounds. Four different kernel functions were used to conduct comparative experiments, and finally a support vector regression algorithm based on radial basis kernel function was established, which realized the quantitative prediction of compounds on biological activity of ERα, and could find potential compounds beneficial to breast cancer treatment. This is a novel, computer-based method for preliminary drug screening, which can help medical researchers effectively narrow the scope of experiments and achieve more accurate optimization of drugs.
Microfluidic sensors platform technology to enhancement fluorescence
Authors: luay Hussein Noor , Al-Bawi Zainab
Published: November 2023

The integrated concepts of biology, physics, fluid dynamics, chemistry, material
science, and microelectronics provide the foundation of the relatively young area
of microfluidics. Various materials may be processed into tiny chips with microscale channels and chambers. Regarding PMMA material and production methods, microfluidic biosensor platform technology also focuses on enhancing rhodamine B's fluorescence via adding carbon nanotubes, with additional benefits including restricted detection, high sensitivity, high stability, repeatability., quick response analysis, low consumption of sample volume, high throughput, also ease of
operation applications of these remarkable devices.
Keywords: microfluidics, CO2 laser ablation; Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope, PMMA, Carbon nanotubes, fluorescent.