bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomarker evidence of early vision and rod energy-linked pathophysiology benefits from very low dose DMSO in 5xFAD mice
Authors: Berkowitz Bruce A. , Paruchuri Anuhya , Stanek Josh , Abdul-Nabi Mura , Podolsky Robert H. , Bustos Abner Heredia , Childers Karen Lins , Murphy Geoffrey G. , Stangis Katherine , Roberts Robin
Published: May 2024

Here, we test whether early visual and OCT rod energy-linked biomarkers indicating pathophysiology in nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (Nnt)-null 5xFAD mice also occur in Nnt-intact 5xFAD mice and whether these biomarkers can be pharmacologically treated. Four-month-old wild-type or 5xFAD C57BL/6 substrains with either a null (B6J) Nnt or intact Nnt gene (B6NTac) and 5xFAD B6J mice treated for one month with either R-carvedilol + vehicle or only vehicle (0.01% DMSO) were studied. The contrast sensitivity (CS), external limiting membrane-retinal pigment epithelium (ELM-RPE) thickness (a proxy for low pH-triggered water removal), profile shape of the hyperreflective band just posterior to the ELM (i.e., the mitochondrial configuration within photoreceptors per aspect ratio [MCP/AR]), and retinal laminar thickness were measured. Both wild-type substrains showed similar visual performance indices and dark-evoked ELM-RPE contraction. The lack of a light–dark change in B6NTac MCP/AR, unlike in B6J mice, is consistent with relatively greater mitochondrial efficiency. 5xFAD B6J mice, but not 5xFAD B6NTac mice, showed lower-than-WT CS. Light-adapted 5xFAD substrains both showed abnormal ELM-RPE contraction and greater-than-WT MCP/AR contraction. The inner retina and superior outer retina were thinner. Treating 5xFAD B6J mice with R-carvedilol + DMSO or DMSO alone corrected CS and ELM-RPE contraction but not supernormal MCP/AR contraction or laminar thinning. These results provide biomarker evidence for prodromal photoreceptor mitochondrial dysfunction/oxidative stress/oxidative damage, which is unrelated to visual performance, as well as the presence of the Nnt gene. This pathophysiology is druggable in 5xFAD mice.
Diversifying analytical categories for studying youth with and without migration background: an example of mobility-based categories
Authors: Mazzucato Valentina
Published: May 2024

This article develops mobility-based categories for studying young people with and without a migration background. Most research on migrant youth uses the category of ethnicity, defined by a young person’s country of origin or that of their parents, or the category of generation, with migrants defined as first, second or 1.5 generation. But these categories hide the mobility that young people engage in, both for those youth who have migration in their biographies and those who do not. Mobility can entail migration, but also other kinds of trips such as study abroad, vacations, gap years, and family visits. In a globalising world the ability of young people to move is increasingly a marker of difference and therefore needs to be considered when studying young people’s lives. Using insights from the transnational and mobilities turns in the social sciences, this article argues that we need to develop new analytical categories that capture the various ways in which young people are mobile. Such mobility-based categories promise to shed light on young people’s lives in three ways. First such categories allow investigation of various elements of commonality and difference between youth, irrespective of where they or their parents come from. They allow us to go beyond the nation-state lens that still guides most large-scale migration research and to explore within-group differences. Second, mobility-based categories take young people’s past and present mobilities into account, allowing a temporal understanding of how mobility affects their lives. Finally, mobility-based categories are a way to operationalize the notion that mobility entails a process rather than a one-time move. The article explores what mobility-based categories could look like, based on a recent, large-N, primary data collection project on secondary-school student’s mobility in three European countries and one African one.
Informing evidence-based policy during the COVID-19 pandemic and recovery period: learning from a national evidence centre
Authors: Cooper Alison , Lewis Ruth , Gal Micaela , Joseph-Williams Natalie , Greenwell Jane , Watkins Angela , Strong Alexandra , Williams Denitza , Doe Elizabeth , Law Rebecca-Jane , Edwards Adrian
Published: May 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the vital need for research to inform policy decision-making and save lives. The Wales COVID-19 Evidence Centre (WCEC) was established in March 2021 and funded for two years, to make evidence about the impact of the pandemic and ongoing research priorities for Wales available and actionable to policy decision-makers, service leads and the public.

Objectives

We describe the approaches we developed and our experiences, challenges and future vision.

Program implementation

The centre operated with a core team, including a public partnership group, and six experienced research groups as collaborating partners. Our rapid evidence delivery process had five stages: 1. Stakeholder engagement (continued throughout all stages); 2. Research question prioritisation; 3. Bespoke rapid evidence review methodology in a phased approach; 4. Rapid primary research; and 5. Knowledge Mobilisation to ensure the evidence was available for decision-makers.

Main achievements

Between March 2021–23 we engaged with 44 stakeholder groups, completed 35 Rapid Evidence Reviews, six Rapid Evidence Maps and 10 Rapid Evidence Summaries. We completed four primary research studies, with three published in peer reviewed journals, and seven ongoing. Our evidence informed policy decision-making and was cited in 19 Welsh Government papers. These included pandemic infection control measures, the Action Plan to tackle gender inequalities, and Education Renew and Reform policy. We conducted 24 Welsh Government evidence briefings and three public facing symposia.

Policy implications

Strong engagement with stakeholder groups, a phased rapid evidence review approach, and primary research to address key gaps in current knowledge enabled high-quality efficient, evidence outputs to be delivered to help inform Welsh policy decision-making during the pandemic. We learn from these processes to continue to deliver evidence from March 2023 as the Health and Care Research Wales Evidence Centre, with a broader remit of health and social care, to help inform policy and practice decisions during the recovery phase and beyond.
A case series of forearm compartment syndrome complicating transradial cardiac catheterization
Authors: Khirul Ashar Nur Ayuni , Ismail Imma Isniza , Lingam Rahul , Mazlan Naadira Faa’iza , Azmi Nur Syahirah
Published: May 2024

Background

Acute compartment syndrome following a transradial coronary approach is rare. However, as the incidence of coronary arterial disease increases due to lifestyle factors and multiple comorbidities, transradial coronary angiography has become more common for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in cardiovascular centers. Despite its rarity, we encountered two cases of acute compartment syndrome within a 1-week interval in the cardiology unit of a tertiary hospital.

Case presentation

The first case involved a 75-year-old woman diagnosed with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). A coronary angiogram was performed via an uncomplicated right radial artery puncture. Following the procedure, the patient experienced significant swelling in the right forearm. An emergency fasciotomy release of the right forearm was conducted, revealing a gushing hematoma upon entering the flexor compartment. Fortunately, the wound healed well two months postoperatively with no functional deficits. In the second case, an 80-year-old man presented with severe angina pectoris upon exertion and was diagnosed with NSTEMI. The following day, he developed compartment syndrome in the left forearm, necessitating an emergency fasciotomy. Intraoperative examination revealed muscle bulging within the forearm compartments accompanied by extensive hematoma. Postoperatively, a deranged coagulation profile caused oozing from the wound. However, since there was no arterial bleeding, a compression dressing was applied. This led to a gradual drop in hemoglobin levels and worsened his heart condition. Despite resuscitative efforts and attempts to correct the coagulopathy, the patient experienced cardiorespiratory arrest and succumbed to ischemic heart disease in failure.

Conclusion

Clinicians must remain vigilant in identifying this potentially limb-threatening condition. Patients with pre-existing anticoagulant therapy and underlying atherosclerotic disease are at a higher risk of bleeding complications. Implementing effective hemostasis techniques and promptly managing swelling can help prevent the occurrence of compartment syndrome. Timely assessment and maintaining a high level of clinical suspicion are paramount. If necessary, early consideration of decompressive fasciotomy is essential to avert catastrophic outcomes.
Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Toke Nilesh , Rathod Ajit , Phalak Pooja , Patel Vikas
Published: May 2024

Background

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent metabolic disorder that has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by impaired flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, is a known predictor of cardiovascular risk. However, the relationship between NAFLD and endothelial dysfunction, as well as the impact of NAFLD on clinical cardiovascular events, remains unclear.

Objective

The aim of this systematic literature review was to determine the association between endothelial dysfunction, as measured by FMD of the brachial artery, and NAFLD. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the relationship between NAFLD and clinical cardiovascular events (CVE).

Methods

A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2000 and July 2023. The reference lists of the included studies were also searched to retrieve possible additional studies. Original studies published in English focusing on adults with NAFLD and endothelial dysfunction are included. Editorials, commentaries, letters and studies focusing on pediatric populations and non-NAFLD liver diseases were excluded. The quality of included studies was appraised using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4 software.

Results

The initial search yielded a total of 1792 articles and ultimately only 20 studies met the criteria. A total 6396 NAFLD patients were studied. Meta-analysis showed that individuals diagnosed with NAFLD had significantly lower brachial FMD values compared to their respective control groups (standardized mean difference: -4.63, 95% confidence interval: -5.68 to -3.58, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, NAFLD patients exhibited a significantly higher risk of clinical cardiovascular events compared to controls (odds ratio: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.41–4.83, p < 0.002). Subgroup analysis of studies focusing on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) versus pure steatosis demonstrated that individuals with NASH had even lower FMD values than those with pure steatosis (standardized mean difference: -3.84, 95% confidence interval: -7.56 to -0.13, p = 0.03, I2 = 66%).

Limitations, bias and heterogeneity

The review included studies published in English language, over last 23 years and specified database resulted in language bias and might have missed older pertinent studies from another important database. The overall heterogeneity is attributed to variations in study populations, outcome measurements, differences in methodological approaches among included studies, and diverse diagnostic criteria for NAFLD.

Conclusion

Individuals with NAFLD exhibited impaired brachial FMD, indicating compromised endothelial function. Furthermore, NAFLD patients had an elevated risk of clinical cardiovascular events.
Dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 lineage BA.5.1.25 and its descendants in Peru during two COVID-19 waves in 2022
Authors: Jimenez-Vasquez Victor , Vargas-Herrera Natalia , Bárcena-Flores Luis , Hurtado Verónica , Padilla-Rojas Carlos , Araujo-Castillo Roger V.
Published: May 2024

During the third year of the pandemic in Peru, the persistent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 led to the appearance of more transmissible and immune-evasive Omicron sublineages; in that context, the National Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 performed by the Peruvian National Institute of Health detected spike mutations in the circulating Omicron BA.5.1.25 sublineage which was later designated as DJ.1 and increased during the fourth COVID-19 wave, this eventually branched into new sublineages. The introduction, emergence, and timing of the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of BA.5.1.25 and its descendants (DJ.1, DJ.1.1, DJ.1.2, and DJ.1.3) were investigated in this paper as well as the time lags between their emergence and identification by the Peruvian National Institute of Health. Our findings show that ongoing genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 is critical for understanding its phylogenetic evolution and the emergence of novel variations.
A computational approach for structural and functional analyses of disease-associated mutations in the human CYLD gene
Authors: Roy Arpita Singha , Feroz Tasmiah , Islam Md. Kobirul , Munim Md. Adnan , Supti Dilara Akhter , Antora Nusrat Jahan , Al Reza Hasan , Gosh Supriya , Bahadur Newaz Mohammed , Alam Mohammad Rahanur , Hossain Md Shahadat
Published: May 2024

Tumor suppressor cylindromatosis protein (CYLD) regulates NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways by cleaving K63-linked poly-ubiquitin chain from its substrate molecules and thus preventing the progression of tumorigenesis and metastasis of the cancer cells. Mutations in CYLD can cause aberrant structure and abnormal functionality leading to tumor formation. In this study, we utilized several computational tools such as PANTHER, PROVEAN, PredictSNP, PolyPhen-2, PhD-SNP, PON-P2, and SIFT to find out deleterious nsSNPs. We also highlighted the damaging impact of those deleterious nsSNPs on the structure and function of the CYLD utilizing ConSurf, I-Mutant, SDM, Phyre2, HOPE, Swiss-PdbViewer, and Mutation 3D. We shortlisted 18 high-risk nsSNPs from a total of 446 nsSNPs recorded in the NCBI database. Based on the conservation profile, stability status, and structural impact analysis, we finalized 13 nsSNPs. Molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamic simulation concluded the study with the findings of two significant nsSNPs (R830K, H827R) which have a remarkable impact on binding affinity, RMSD, RMSF, radius of gyration, and hydrogen bond formation during CYLD-ubiquitin interaction. The principal component analysis compared native and two mutants R830K and H827R of CYLD that signify structural and energy profile fluctuations during molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. Finally, the protein–protein interaction network showed CYLD interacts with 20 proteins involved in several biological pathways that mutations can impair. Considering all these in silico analyses, our study recommended conducting large-scale association studies of nsSNPs of CYLD with cancer as well as designing precise medications against diseases associated with these polymorphisms.
The Stethoscope and the Chair: Optimizing Hospital Room Design to Enhance the Patient-Physician Relationship in Inpatient Oncology
Authors: Ladhani Sanah
Published: May 2024

A personalized commentary promoting use of the chair in Inpatient Oncology.
Evaluation of Emulgel and Nanostructured Lipid Carrier-Based Gel Formulations for Transdermal Administration of Ibuprofen: Characterization, Mechanical Properties, and Ex-Vivo Skin Permeation
Authors: Yılmaz Usta Duygu , Teksin Zeynep Safak , Tugcu-Demiroz Fatmanur
Published: May 2024

In transdermal applications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the rheological and mechanical properties of the dosage form affect the performance of the drug. The aim of this study to develop emulgel and nanostructured lipid carrier NLC-based gel formulations containing ibuprofen, evaluate their mechanical properties, bioadhesive value and ex-vivo rabbit skin permeability. All formulations showed non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior and their viscosity values are suitable for topical application. The particle size of the nanostructured lipid carrier system was found to be 468 ± 21 nm, and the encapsulation efficiency was 95.58 ± 0.41%. According to the index of viscosity, consistency, firmness, and cohesiveness values obtained as a result of the back extrusion study, E2 formulation was found to be more suitable for transdermal application. The firmness and work of shear values of the E2 formulation, which has the highest viscosity value, were also found to be the highest and it was chosen as the most suitable formulation in terms of the spreadability test. The work of bioadhesion values of NLC-based gel and IBU-loaded NLC-based gel were found as 0.226 ± 0.028 and 0.181 ± 0.006 mJ/cm2 respectively. The percentages of IBU that penetrated through rabbit skin from the Ibuactive-Cream and the E2 were 87.4 ± 2.11% and 93.4 ± 2.72% after 24 h, respectively. When the penetration of ibuprofen through the skin was evaluated, it was found that the E2 formulation increased penetration due to its lipid and nanoparticle structure. As a result of these findings, it can be said that the NLC-based gel formulation will increase the therapeutic efficacy and will be a good alternative transdermal formulation.

Graphical Abstract
Embarkation for Méséglise
Authors: De Broux Guillaume
Published: May 2024

This article undertakes the first comparative analysis of Le Pèlerinage à l’île de Cythère (1717) and the opening of À la recherche du temps perdu. Pursuing close readings of a specific sequence within Combray II, the author foregrounds and problematizes overlooked affinities, both thematic and representational, between the two works, with a view to broaden the debate not only around Proust’s painterly references but also around the ways in which “influence” and “intermediality” are understood in the scholarship. Emphasizing in particular the sensuous, aesthetic, and social dimensions of modern love as they appear in the Cythera-like nature of the Méséglise way during the buildup to the Gilberte encounter, the author suggests that Marcel found in nature’s flamboyancy both a ground and a reflection of his own impulse toward unrestrained libido, aristocratic leisure, and the eternal. Ultimately, the author argues that Watteau enables us to rethink Proust’s relationship to modernity, and that, in turn, Proust’s writing adds new potentialities to our exploration of Watteau.
Muddy Waters
Authors: Raman Bhavani
Published: May 2024

Coastal development did not arise from sovereign property rights to the coast or efforts to fix moving shorelines in law. Instead, it emerged from ideas of the public good and public trust that vested the protection of shores and seas in modern states. State protection supported coastal development, especially ports, in the era of steamship technology. By examining case studies from seventeenth-century to late nineteenth-century coastal India, this essay illustrates how the idea of state protection emerged through legal disputes over the obligations of littoral societies, international law, customary practices, definitions of navigable waters, accretion, and the status of subterranean or derelict land. The resultant terraqueous framework was legally plural. Nevertheless, it strengthened state claims over coastal areas and facilitated coastal development by circumscribing the boundaries of littoral societies’ claims that have traditionally relied on fishing or livelihoods tied to these waters.
Note on hydrostatic skeletons: muscles operating within a pressurized environment
Authors: Blickhan Reinhard , Siebert Tobias
Published: May 2024

Muscles and muscle fibers are volume-constant constructs that deform when contracted and develop internal pressures. However, muscles embedded in hydrostatic skeletons are also exposed to external pressures generated by their activity. For two examples, the pressure generation in spiders and in annelids, we used simplified biomechanical models to demonstrate that high intracellular pressures diminishing the resulting tensile stress of the muscle fibers are avoided in the hydrostatic skeleton. The findings are relevant for a better understanding of the design and functionality of biological hydrostatic skeletons.
The realization of interpersonal meanings in cosmetic Maybelline New York in 2018 advertisements
Authors: Herman Herman , Purba Ridwin , Saputra Nanda
Published: May 2024

Background Interpersonal meaning is the interaction between the speaker and the listener and the writer and the reader. This study aims to determine the structure of mood and how the structure of mood is found. The purposes of this study are (1) to be more sensitive to the mood structure shown in Maybelline New York cosmetic advertisement. (2) to investigate the reason of why interrogative sentences are more difficult to find than declarative sentences. Through this research, we can see the types of mood structures, and how these mood structures are used. Methods The type of research approach used is descriptive qualitative. Research in this case describes systematically, factually and accurately facts and causal relationships of the phenomena studied. The sources of data in this study are eight cosmetic Maybelline New York products, namely the Maybelline gel pencil, L’oreal colour riche nail, Maybelline mascara and eyeliner, Maybelline creamy lipmatte and Maybelline eyeshadow, Maybelline eyeliner, Maybelline lipstick, and Maybelline clear smooth all in one. Results In analyzing the data, the researcher of the 2014 Halliday theory revised by Mathiesse found that there are three types of manifested mood, four types of realized speech function, and mood-based realization of speech function. The moods manifested were declarative (48.64%), interrogative (5.40%) and imperative (45.94%). Speech functions that are realized are statements (48.64%), questions (5.40%), offers (18.91%) and command (24.32%). Conclusions It can be concluded that declarative sentences are mostly found in Maybelline New York products. Researchers suggest that readers be more careful in using mood structures in cosmetic advertisements so that there are no misunderstandings.
A Virtual Platform Solution for Secure Sales Registration and Management in the retail sector
Authors: Pacheco Alex , Sanchez Kevin , Cardenas-Quispe Mariano , Uribe-Blaz Yasmin , Ortiz-Salguero Maria
Published: May 2024

Background In today’s business environment, information security and availability are critical to the success of SMEs. This article presents research that addresses the challenges of security and availability of information in sales registration faced by SMEs worldwide. The main objective was to implement a virtual platform for the sales process in SMEs in San Vicente de Cañete, taking into consideration information security standards to preserve user data. Methods The development of the system was divided into five phases: Initiation, Planning, Implementation, Review and Launch. After implementation, an efficient sales process was achieved, guaranteeing the security and availability of information, and optimising management in an agile and secure manner. Results In addition, the virtual platform improves the purchasing experience by allowing the generation of reports and revenue management through a dashboard, promoting the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in SMEs. Conclusions In conclusion, the research implemented a virtual platform for sales in SMEs, ensuring the security and availability of information. It improved management with reports and a control panel, encouraging the use of ICTs in these companies.
Assessment of anticancer drug utilization pattern and patients’ survival—A single center experience from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Badheeb Ahmed , Al Munjem Manea , Ahmed Faisal , Aljedaani Huda , Assiri Nouf , Abdulaziz Akrm , Abubakar Abdullah , AlQurayshah Mohammad , Badheeb Mohamed
Published: May 2024

Background In recent years, various advancements in anticancer therapy have led to the development of multiple regimens and protocols. This study endeavors to provide an extensive evaluation of anticancer therapy prescription patterns in correlation with patient outcomes. Methods From June 2014 to April 2022, we included adult cancer patients who received anticancer therapy in our cancer center. Collected data encompassed demographic characteristics of patients and cancer, chemotherapy protocols or agents, antiemetics, drug side effects, and the patient’s last status. The prescribed drugs were assessed using the Essential Medicines List, while the prescription’s rationality was determined using the World Health Organization indicators. Results The mean age was 55.16 ± 17.04 years, with 56.4% of the patients being males. Gastrointestinal (29.7%) and breast (25.8%) cancers were the most common malignancies. The main protocols included a combination of Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (20.1%) and folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin-based (FOLFOX) regimen (13.5%). The most frequently used drugs were doxorubicin (14.0%), cyclophosphamide (13.3%), and docetaxel (9.9%). The majority of patients also did not report any acute adverse events related to chemotherapy (81.1%). Antiemetics, mainly metoclopramide-based, were used in 76.07% of cases. Remarkably, 86.7% of anticancer agents were from the EML, and 90.1% were prescribed generically. Conclusion In this study, gastrointestinal cancers were the most prevalent cancers observed, with more preponderance among males. Most anticancer agents were taken from the essential drug list, with the majority being prescribed under generic names, indicating rational use.
Contextualizing post day-one childhood immunization in-take drop-off rate in Nigeria: An assessment of working mothers in Ibadan
Authors: Omobowale Mofeyisara O. , Amodu Folakemi A. , Falase Olugbenga S. , Olajide Taiwo H. , Amodu Olukemi K.
Published: May 2024

Background Contextualizing childhood immunization in the context of working mothers can boost coverage and completion. This study examines how informal working mothers perceive post-day-one routine immunization, and vaccines not covered under the National Program on Immunization (NPI), immunization schedules, timing, and duration. Methods The study was conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria and involved 1,044 quantitative and 73 qualitative samples of working nursing mothers. A mixed methods approach was used, including a semi-structured questionnaire to gather immunization experiences. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test for proportions, and t-test for means (p<0.05), while qualitative data were subjected to content analysis. Results The average age of mothers participating in this study was 31.39 years. The mean age of mothers at their first childbirth within the study group was 24.12 years. A significant majority of these mothers (95%) are married. Around three-quarters of women in this population ensured immediate immunization for their infants after birth, but less than a third achieved the complete age-specific vaccination series due to livelihood related causes, long waiting time spent in conventional immunization clinic. Around 40% of interviewed mothers vaccinated their children up to the third DPT dose, and just over 30% achieved full vaccination. Many informal working mothers, have concerning practice of adding 'supplements' to their children's immunization, driven by a lack of sufficient information about the vaccines. Some mothers also seemed unaware of these specialized vaccines. Conclusions Promoting complete immunization requires more than just raising awareness about childhood vaccinations but close and quick immunization service delivery is required. It is crucial for mothers to possess comprehensive knowledge about the mechanics and operation of immunization. Achieving this understanding could involve translating vaccine names and functions into indigenous terms, enhancing clarity and comprehension. Furthermore, a firm grasp of the immunization schedule significantly contributes to successful immunization completion.
Mapping Non-Market Concepts: Is Reconciliation Possible?
Authors: Altınçubuk Beste , Berbeoğlu Nazlı
Published: May 2024

Non-market activities of firms have been examined in the management field through different concepts such as Corporate Political Activity (CPA), Corporate Political Tie (CPT), and Political Corporate Social Responsibility (PCSR). However, the literature is ambiguous regarding whether these notions share common conceptual and intellectual maps or are mutually exclusive. This study aimed to investigate this ambiguity through bibliometric analysis. After eliminating documents in the Web of Science database, 583 related articles published between 2000- 2021 emerged as final data. Analyses were performed via the R package Biblioshiny module. In short, as is evident from the findings, although CPA, CPT, and PCSR concepts have similar departure points, it does not seem possible to gather them under a single conceptualization since they also have diverging points that make reconciliation problematic.
Validación de contenido de una escala sobre actitudes hacia la programación y el pensamiento computacional en docentes de Primaria a partir del método Delphi (Validation of content of a scale on attitudes towards programming and computational thinking in primary school teachers using the Delphi method)
Authors: Gonzalez Cervera Ana , Martín-Carrasquilla Olga , Gonzaléz-Arechavala Yolanda
Published: May 2024

El avance tecnológico y el cambiante panorama mundial han planteado retos y oportunidades únicos a los sistemas educativos de todo el mundo. Por ejemplo, se ha introducido en muchos currículos la enseñanza de la programación y el pensamiento computacional como recoge la reciente ley educativa, LOMLOE, en España. Esta incorporación implica la preparación del profesorado en el orden metodológico, didáctico y tecnológico para afrontar este desafío. Por ello, se ha diseñado y validado una escala para medir las actitudes de los docentes de Educación Primaria hacia la programación, considerándola como un recurso para desarrollar el pensamiento computacional. La metodología empleada ha sido el método Delphi, con la participación de doce expertos con un alto nivel de competencia experta. Tras un riguroso proceso de dos rondas, se llegó a un consenso y se estableció la estructura final de la escala. La escala se compone de 33 ítems distribuidos en cinco dimensiones: autoeficacia, percepción de utilidad social, relevancia de la enseñanza para los estudiantes, interés y percepción en función del sexo. Según el panel de expertos, la escala de medición es válida para conocer el nivel de autoeficacia, interés y percepción de utilidad y relevancia de los docentes hacia la programación.
IOWISZ (Evaluation Instrument of Investment Motions in Health Care) – as a tool to rationalise the spending of public funds in health care
Authors: Szetela Przemysław
Published: May 2024

The article presents the most important issues related to the creation and functioning in the Polish health care system of the Evaluation Instrument of Investment Motions in Health Care (the so-called IOWISZ). The main objective of the publication is to provide a detailed characterisation and assessment of the operation of a relatively new tool for managing financial resources in health care, i.e. the IOWISZ. The specific structure of the IOWISZ system and the role assigned to this instrument by the regulator in the Polish health care system are presented. Furthermore, the origin and evolution of the IOWISZ system is presented as well as the experiences to date related to its functioning. The treatise also presents in detail the procedure for healthcare providers (investors) aimed at obtaining a positive opinion on the advisability of the investment under preparation, which is currently a prerequisite for the investment to be covered by public funding from the National Health Fund (NFZ). A review of the literature (including legal acts) made it possible to draw conclusions that the functioning of the IOWISZ system has contributed to the improvement of the effectiveness of public funds spending and rationalisation of capital expenditure in healthcare. The tool described is generally well evaluated by its users and still has a great potential for development when it comes to further improving the efficiency of the use of available (limited) resources in the Polish health care system. The arrival of the IOWISZ system meant that investments in health care became well-structured and correlated with the national health policy. To an increasing extent, investments are made in accordance with the maps of health needs and regional health and development policies, and consequently with the actual and diverse health needs of the inhabitants in each region of the country.

Keywords: IOWISZ, investment, investment efficiency, investment expediency.
Activity patterns of the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in a neotropical dry forest: changes according to age, sex, and climatic season
Authors: Cueva-Hurtado Luis , Jara-Guerrero Andrea , Cisneros Rodrigo , Espinosa Carlos Ivan
Published: May 2024

Mammalian daily activity is shaped by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Age influences activity rhythms due to energy requirements, while physiological and reproductive traits cause differences between genders. In ecosystems with marked climatic seasonality, such as the seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF), activity patterns adapt to extrinsic factors like resource availability and environmental stress. This study investigates how intrinsic factors, specifically age and sex, influence the white-tailed deer's (Odocoileus virginianus) daily activities, and how these vary between dry and rainy seasons. Between 2015 and 2018, we conducted a camera trapping study to monitor the daily activity of a population of white-tailed deer in the Arenillas Ecological Reserve, southwestern Ecuador. We estimated individual daily activity based on four parameters: total and diurnal relative abundance index (RAI), activity directionality, and activity overlap between groups. We used generalized linear models to evaluate the changes in RAI based on age-classes and sex of the individuals. The Watson test was employed to assess differences in directional patterns during activity hours, while the Wald test was utilized to evaluate significant variations in activity overlap. The same analyses were also performed to assess changes in daily activity between the dry and rainy seasons. The daily activity patterns of white-tailed deer varied by age and sex. Fawns were predominantly diurnal, whereas adults displayed continuous activity throughout the 24 hours of the day, with males being more active during the night than females. Females did not show significant differences in the activity pattern compared to fawns and juveniles. The daily activity pattern of white-tailed deer varied between seasons. Overall, there was an increase in daily activity during the dry season, but significant only for males. Females were the only group that showing seasonal variation in activity directionality, with more morning activity during the dry season. The daily activity patterns of white-tailed deer in the dry forest exhibit slight differences compared to those observed in other ecosystems, with extended daily activity periods. During the rainy season, reproductive and post-reproductive behaviors, rather than resource abundance, predominantly shaped the white-tailed deer's daily activity patterns. In contrast, the dry season presented a notable rise in overall activity and daily activity, accompanied by partition between groups. This partition likely stems from diminished resource accessibility and increased intraspecific competition. Given the slight differences in the white-tailed deer's daily activity from those noted in other regions, these insights are crucial for formulating management and conservation strategies tailored to specific environmental conditions.
Corrigendum: The Phillips kangaroo rat (Dipodomys phillipsi): Population parameters
Authors: Montero Bagatella Sandra Helena , Cervantes Fernando A. , González Romero Alberto
Published: May 2024

CorrigendumMontero-Bagatella, S. H., F. A. Cervantes, and A. González-Romero. 2023. Population parameters of the Phillips kangaroo rat (Dipodomys phillipsii). Therya 14:351-359.Change in:Figure 3. Average sex and age breakdowns of captured Phillipsi kangaroo rat (Dipodomys phillipsii) by season for 2012-2016, from Perote, Veracruz.
Social arenas in the open habitat: the social role of waterholes for saiga antelope
Authors: Giljov Andrey , Karenina Karina
Published: May 2024

In wild animals, specific locations may function as ‘social arenas’ playing a significant role in various aspects of intraspecific interactions.  The emergence of such social arenas is assumed to be particularly important under conditions of low visibility and density of individuals typical for forest dwelling species.  In the forest, open areas with a high probability of meeting conspecifics such as waterholes and mineral licks can favor socialization.  The paucity of studies on the open-habitat species limits our understanding of whether forest habitat is an essential condition for the emergence of social arenas.  Here we address this issue by investigating whether resource hotspots function as social arenas in a species adapted to open habitat.  The social behaviour in groups of saiga antelopes (Saiga tatarica tatarica) was recorded at large permanent waterholes (serving also as mineral licks) and away from them in the steppe environment.  The frequency and variety of social interactions between the group mates were compared with a special effort made to minimize the potential impact of other factors besides the location.  Also the focal individuals, interacting or not interacting with conspecifics at the waterholes, were traced continuously to explore the duration of their visit at the waterhole area. Finally, we recorded the number of individuals in the groups entering and leaving the waterhole.  Active social interactions between group members occurred more often and were more varied near the waterholes as compared to the areas away from them.  The participation in social interactions influenced the duration of individual waterhole visits.  Males that interacted with others shortly after arrival stayed significantly longer compared to those who did not.  Females whose calves engaged in social interactions with age-mates spent more time at the waterholes than females whose calves did not.  The comparison of mean group sizes showed that saigas left waterhole areas in larger groups than they entered them.  Our findings, together with previous studies, suggest that resource hotspots can function as social arenas in mammals regardless of the habitat type (open or closed).  The emergence of specific locations having particular social significance may be especially important for highly dispersed species with large home ranges.  The results of the study emphasize the significance of large permanent waterholes and mineral licks used by many individuals year after year for the social behaviour of saiga antelopes.
Building security
Authors: Barton Debra
Published: May 2024

Attachment is crucial for child development, but when a parent or carer is absent for periods of time this can be difficult to achieve. Debra Barton, EY specialist lead for the MOD Armed Forces Families & Safeguarding team, discusses the importance of EY staff building strong attachments with children from service families.
Redes de Empreendedorismo Cultural: Inovando na Feira de São Joaquim
Authors: Oliveira Xênia L'amour Campos , Davel Eduardo Paes Barreto
Published: May 2024

Este caso para ensino visa fomentar uma aprendizagem sobre a importância das redes e do capital relacional para o empreendedorismo cultural. Seus objetivos de aprendizagem são: (a) caracterizar os mercados populares como lócus de empreendedorismo cultural; (b) identificar a relevância das redes para o empreendedorismo cultural, e (c) compreender como o capital relacional sustenta o empreendedorismo cultural. O caso retrata o processo de inscrição da Feira de São Joaquim em um prêmio internacional para mercados inovadores e conta a história de um empreendedor, destacando o processo de inovação e o papel da rede para o seu negócio. Durante a produção do vídeo de apresentação da inovação que servirá para representar a feira na competição, é possível perceber características e singularidades da inovação e dos mercados populares, a relevância das redes e do capital relacional para o empreendimento.
A Geração de Valor no Ensino Superior: Uma Análise Quantitativa em uma Institução Pública
Authors: Klein Leander Luiz , Dos Santos Malaquias Gabriela , Giacomelli Bressan Vanessa
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a geração de valor percebida na educação superior. O delineamento teórico desse trabalho foi orientado essencialmente sob as definições de geração de valor, atividades acadêmicas e suporte organizacional no ensino superior, bem como saídas de conhecimento e habilidade adquiridas. Realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa do tipo survey por meio da aplicação de um questionário. A população alvo deste estudo são os egressos e alunos em fase final de curso de graduação de uma IES pública sediada no estado do RS, sul do Brasil. Obteve-se uma amostra de 1220 respondentes. Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva e multivariada. Dentre os principais resultados dessa pesquisa, pode-se destacar que a formação de seis fatores de análise das atividades acadêmicas e suporte organizacional e quatro fatores que abordam saídas de conhecimento e habilidades adquiridas. Quanto a esses fatores, os resultados indicam que houveram diferenças de percepção significativas entre os grupos de homens e mulheres, alunos matriculados e egressos, faixa de renda e o fato de o indivíduo trabalhar ou não em sua área de estudos no curso que realiza. A conclusão desse trabalho é que a geração de valor é uma necessidade premente nas IES e algumas atividades e ações específicas contribuem de maneira mais efetiva para a concepção de valor, nesse caso do ponto de vista do estudante.
Latex gloves, reason and balance
Authors: Wheeler Robert
Published: May 2024

Is it reasonable to use latex equipment in surgery if there is a risk to patients?
Il friulano
Authors: Melchior Luca
Published: May 2024

This article provides an examination of the linguistic features and language policy in the Friulian language. The study begins by delving into the historical and sociolinguistic context of Friuli. Subsequently, the phonological system is meticulously analyzed, encompassing phonemes, syllable structure, stress patterns, and vowel length distinctions. Moving forward, the article investigates morphological and syntactical aspects of Friulian, shedding light on the formation of plurals, the existence of supercompound forms, the construction of assertive and interrogative sentences, and some aspects of subordination. Furthermore, some lexical aspects of Friulian are discussed. Lastly, the study examines various measures of language policy that are implemented to preserve and promote the Friulian language. The article outlines some initiatives and efforts that aim to safeguard and foster the use of Friulian within its community.
Making Beliefs: Educational Card Games as Scripts of Imperial Fantasy
Authors: Mukherjee Ayantika
Published: May 2024

Abstract: White adults in the American nineteenth century used game objectives, rules, graphic arts, and game mechanisms in educational card games to teach white, middle- and upper-class children to make imperial beliefs about Blackness, whiteness, and the world. This study reveals play as a method that can produce compromised education.
The Church of the Sunday Long Run: Endurance Sport as Alternative to Institutional Religion?
Authors: Mroz Kathleen
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This article draws on interviews with over 60 triathletes and endurance runners living in the United States to investigate the ways that people today turn to sport for spiritual connection. Groups like “tri-church” or “church of the Sunday Long Run” speak to this phenomenon. In this paper, I explore the ways that many people have discovered a sense of community, comfort, and connection with a Higher Power that was not present for them in formal religious settings. Many claim that endurance sport has healed their physical and mental wounds in ways that religion could not. I also discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks of sport as an alternative to institutional religion. While the high cost of participation both in terms of money and risk of injury presents serious limitations, I argue that religious communities can learn from paying attention to the stories of endurance athletes. These stories are valuable in addressing declining interest in institutional religion.
Remote sensing of eruptions and transport of Taal volcano in January 2020
Authors: Nee Jan-Bai , Chang Yuan-Pin , Wang Chia C.
Published: May 2024

The eruption and transport of the Taal volcano (14 N, 121 E) in January 2020 have been investigated using remote sensing measurements of several satellites, including the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite, and Himawari-8. The aerosol optical thickness (AOT), angstrom exponent (AE), and column densities of sulfur dioxide (SO2) derived from satellites are analyzed in this study. The ground-based AERONET data of Manila city and OMI SO2 are studied to validate high AOT events. Our findings indicate that ash and gases followed opposite transport paths. This differential transport is consistent with various wind data, HYSPLIT back and forward trajectory calculations, and emission dispersion models. The potential influences of deposition on ocean biology and climate are also discussed.
Time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy at large source detector separation for cerebral blood flow recovery
Authors: Mogharari Neda , Wojtkiewicz Stanisław , Borycki Dawid , Liebert Adam , Kacprzak Michał
Published: May 2024

Time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy (td-DCS) enables the depth discrimination in tissue’s blood flow recovery, considering the fraction of photons detected with higher time of flight (TOF) and longer pathlength through the tissue. However, the recovery result depends on factors such as the instrument response function (IRF), analyzed TOF gate start time, gate width and the source-detector separation (SDS). In this research we evaluate the performance of the td-DCS technique at three SDSs of 1.5, 2 and 2.5 cm to recover cerebral blood flow (CBF). To do that we presented comprehensive characterization of the td-DCS system through a series of phantom experiments. First by quality metrices such as coefficient of variation and contrast-to-noise ratios, we identified optimal time gate(s) of the TOF to extract dynamics of particles. Then using sensitivity metrices, each SDS ability to detect dynamics of particles in superficial and deeper layer was evaluated. Finally, td-DCS at each SDS was tested on healthy volunteers during cuff occlusion test and breathing tasks. According to phantom measurements, the sensitivity to estimate perfusion within the deep layer located at depth of 1.5 cm from the surface can be increased more than two times when the SDS increases from 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm.