bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intellectual Modesty in Socratic Wisdom: Problems of Epistemic Logic and an Intuitionist Solution
Authors: Löhrer Guido
Published: August 2022

According to Plato’s Apology of Socrates, a humanly wise person is distinguished by her ability to correctly assess the epistemic status and value of her beliefs. She knows when she has knowledge or has mere belief or is ignorant. She makes no unjustified knowledge claims and considers her knowledge to be limited in scope and value. This means: A humanly wise person is intellectually modest. However, when interpreted classically, Socratic wisdom cannot be modest. For in classical epistemic logic, modelling second-order knowledge of knowing something or not, i.e. positive and negative introspection, requires a degree of self-transparency that would at most be attributed to an omniscient and infallible agent. If intellectual modesty is part of Socratic wisdom, we have to look for another epistemic model. I will offer three proposals and argue that an intuitionist reading of the classical concept of knowledge is best suited for this purpose.
From Moscow with a Mushroom Cloud? Russian Public Attitudes to the Use of Nuclear Weapons in a Conflict with NATO
Authors: Smetana Michal , Onderco Michal
Published: August 2022

This preprint presents findings of an original survey experiment on
public attitudes toward nuclear use conducted on a representative sample of
Russian citizens. We randomly assigned our participants to experimental
treatments with vignettes describing a military conflict between Russia and NATO
in the Baltics, where Moscow considered a limited nuclear “escalate-to-deescalate”
strike to avert defeat. Our findings show that Russians are significantly more
averse to nuclear strikes than to the corresponding use of conventional
missiles. The participants disapproved similarly of a demonstrative nuclear
explosion in an unpopulated area and of nuclear strikes in a more escalated
scenario. We also found associations between the moral values of individuals
and strike support corresponding to earlier studies in the United States. Finally,
our participants reported similar concerns about both nuclear and conventional strikes,
with the worry about civilian casualties and the suffering of victims at the
top of the list across experimental treatments.
INFORMATION EXTRACTION FROM SCIENTIFIC TEXTS IN RUSSIAN
Authors:   A.P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems SB RAS, Batura Tatiana Viktorovna , Bruches Elena Pavlovna ,   A.P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems SB RAS, Mezentseva Anastasia Alekseevna ,   A.P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems SB RAS
Published: August 2022

This article describes methods for automatic term extraction and linking to Wikidata. The advantage of the proposed methods is the potential possibility of their applicability to any field of knowledge where only unmarked texts and small term dictionaries are available. To carry out the experiments, a corpus of scientific texts RuSERRC was collected and marked up. The corpus and models are published on GitHub and may be useful to other research teams.
A First-Person Account of Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: McGregor Karla Kay , Orrego Paula Margarita , Reyes Stella
Published: August 2022

This is a first-person account of living with developmental language disorder. Themes from the account were identified and situated into the evidence base.
Thúc đẩy chuyển dịch cơ cấu kinh tế, chuyển đổi mô hình tăng trưởng kinh tế Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh theo hướng cạnh tranh (Promote economic restructuring: Transformation model of economic growth)
Authors: Huan Dao Duy , Tung Dao Duy
Published: August 2022

Cuốn sách là thành quả nghiên cứu của đội ngũ các nhà khoa học về kinh tế về đề tài tái cơ cấu kinh tế, chuyển đổi mô hình kinh tế ở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh trên cơ sở lý luận và thực tiễn của các quốc gia phát triển kinh tế đô thị.
Transfer Learning Approach Applied to Data Imputation
Authors: Sultana Zakia
Published: August 2022

The challenge of bearing fault diagnosis is great due to the large amount of data that needs to beanalysed. The goal of this analysis is to propose a good fit approach to dealing with faulty data inorder to optimize the correctness of data. A transfer learning method can be used to achieve this.Our study suggests that the transfer learning performs significantly better than other methods whenit comes to overcoming faulty bearing data. The transfer learning algorithm is accurate up to 90%of the time when trying to correct for this type of error.
Nghề nghiên cứu: khổ hạnh và cô đơn
Authors: Khuc Quy Van
Published: August 2022

Nghề nghiên cứu: khổ hạnh và cô đơn
A basal-like breast cancer gene signature: molecular similarities to non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2022

We utilized an unbiased, systems-level approach to define the transcriptional nature of human basal-like breast cancer (1, 2), using published microarray data (3-5) to perform comparative tumor transcriptome analysis. We identified 177 differentially expressed genes up-regulated in basal-like breast cancer, and used computational tools to probe the molecular character of these genes in totality. The most significantly enriched gene set we blindly retrieved was a basal-like breast cancer gene set, validating our endeavor. Importantly, multiple computational tools revealed a significant similarity to non-small cell lung cancer. Other features of the basal-like breast cancer gene expression program include embryonic stem-like characteristics and a gene set shared between basal-like breast cancers and luminal cancers but regulated in opposite directions. Computational analysis of occupancy studies (ChIP) genome-wide predicts regulation of the basal-like breast cancer gene set by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta. Basal-like breast cancers display transcriptional similarities with non-small cell lung cancer, up-regulate MET and EGFR tyrosine kinases and vascular endothelial growth factor alpha (VEGF-A), each of which is currently clinically targeted in NSCLC, have embryonic stem-like features, and should be considered as aggressive and separate from the other molecular subtypes.
A note on climate science and climate policy
Authors: Botta Nicola , Brede Nuria , Crucifix Michel , Martínez Montero Marina
Published: August 2022

A short note on climate science and climate policy, discussing planning vs acting, and the differences between decision making and regret under uncertainty and in a deterministic environment.
Dysmodulation of Synapse Formation and Pruning Hypothesis of Schizophrenia
Authors: Esen Ersin
Published: August 2022

Schizophrenia is a devastating disease that affects at least 1% of humanity. Current understanding is focused on two different hypotheses: excessive dopamine and excessive pruning. Both hypotheses are not totally compliant with observations and are inadequate to provide a unifying framework that explains the cause, mechanism, and symptoms. In this hypothetical work, we propose a unifying hypothesis of schizophrenia. The proposed dysmodulation occurs as a result of growth factor deficiency and any impairment in the related endocrine circuitry. Consequently, synapse formation and pruning processes are regionally and temporally dysmodulated. This dysmodulation results in irregular wiring that contains residual unrelated connections and altered signaling pathways after maturation. We show that available evidence supports the proposed hypothesis, which can explain all the symptoms in a unified framework. If the proposed hypothesis is true, risk group identification and prevention will be straightforward. However, intervention should be performed earlier than currently thought. Unfortunately, after irregular wiring reaches an irreversible steady-state, treatment may not be possible. Nonetheless, even in that case severity of symptoms can be attenuated if the mechanism of synapse formation and pruning is fully understood.
Mental Gravity: A novel theory of self, brain, mind and depression
Authors: Kent Lachlan
Published: August 2022

The theory of Mental Gravity explains what it means to be psychologically “down” and how mental downness manifests in various aspects of cognition and behaviour, emotion and personality, the brain, phenomenology, and psychopathology. The theory contends that Mental Gravity is experienced as a simulation of (increased) physical gravity that communicates different mental states associated with being down, low, heavy, and slow, including when depressed. The simulation relates to core aspects of autobiographical memory, selfhood, and subjective space and time. The theory proposes that the intuitive physics of physical gravity (i.e., the “internal gravity model”) is used as a mental “template” for behaviours that communicate social or emotional gravity in particularly solemn, serious, or grave situations. Mental Gravity thus draws a behavioural analogy between the physical and social-emotional environments. At a deeper level, the theory also describes the underlying neural, cognitive, and phenomenological processes driving the mental simulation of physical gravity in terms of fundamental physics. Neural correlates are proposed in the vestibular, salience, default mode, and central executive networks. On the basis of default mode activity, the self is viewed as the brain’s cognitive “centre of mental gravity” constituting an accumulated “mass” of autobiographical memory. Phenomenologically, the theory uses gravity to model the interaction between the internal self and the external world. Depression represents severe Mental Gravity where persistently strong feelings of increased physical gravity are underscored by more drastic changes in the sense of self, seclusion from the world, and distorted subjective experience of space and time.
ADHD and ASD are indirectly associated with sensory changes through anxiety
Authors: VARBANOV VESKO , Overton Paul , Stafford Tom
Published: August 2022

Objective: This study investigated the relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) via their impact on sensory processing, which previous simple correlational analysis suggests is affected in both. Methods: We examined adults from the general population without clinical diagnoses, using a broad-based self-report survey methodology, looking at the symptoms of ADHD and ASD, SP and a range of other issues (anxiety, reward sensitivity and schizotypy) which are reliant on sensory processing. Their relationship was explored using Exploratory Graph Analysis, a method which assesses whether survey responses cluster into 'communities'. Results: We found three communities, reflecting typical inter and intrapersonal ADHD/ASD problems. Although ADHD/ASD did not form a community with sensory processing, the model suggested ADHD/ASD are connected to sensory processing through intermediary conditions, such as panic anxiety. The model suggested that disorganised thought, speech and behaviour, and challenges in social interaction, use anxiety as a bridge with sensory processing, through aberrant attentional deployment and biases in cognitive processes, which can induce anxious states and therefore manifest in behaviour typical of ADHD/ASD. Conclusion: Previous simple correlational analyses overestimate the direct relationship between ADHD/ASD and sensory processing changes.
Identification of loci involved in childhood visual acuity and associations with cognitive skill and educational attainment
Authors: Schmitz Judith , Abbondanza Filippo , Marianski Krzysztof , Luciano Michelle , Paracchini Silvia
Published: August 2022

Background: Visual acuity (VA) significantly contributes to quality of life. Deficits are associated with reading difficulties (RD), which can have detrimental effects on education outcomes. In adults, it has been observed that vision defects such as myopia are associated with higher educational attainment (EA). This is almost certainly the result of gene-environment correlation (rGE) through pro-longed reading and screen time as well as time indoors. However, the cause/effect relationship of this pattern along developmental trajectories is not entirely clear. Methods: We examined associations between distance VA, socioeconomic status (SES), cognitive measures, and neurodevelopmental conditions in a longitudinal cohort of British children (ALSPAC, n = 6,807, M age = 11.8). We performed the first genome-wide association study (GWAS, n = 5,571) on VA and tested for genetic associations with relevant phenotypes using polygenic scores (PGS) and genetic correlation analyses. Results: VA was associated with higher SES and better cognitive performance on a range of tests including reading skill, while VA was reduced in individuals with RD compared to controls. We identify genetic associations at the NPLOC4 locus and highlight other genes involved in sensory function. In line with positive genetic correlations between VA and cognitive measures, EA PGS were positively associated with VA, while there was a less robust negative association with myopia PGS.Conclusions: Our results suggest that individuals with higher PGS for educational attainment, but not myopia, have increased VA in childhood. Better VA is associated with a range of positive outcomes, including cognitive abilities. In turn, environmental exposures linked to higher EA might have detrimental effects on vision offsetting the initial genetic advantage.
Assessing acceptance and commitment therapy for adolescent mental health: Single-case A-B design with high temporal density assessments
Authors: Stapleton Alison , Stynes Greg , Cassidy Sarah , McHugh Louise
Published: August 2022

Using a single-case A-B design with high temporal density assessments, the present study examined the impact of a ten-session group-based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) intervention on adolescents’ distress, psychological inflexibility, cognitive fusion, generalized pliance, and perceived ply workability. Six participants aged 16 to 19 years were invited to (i) attend a weekly ACT group, (ii) submit ecological momentary assessments daily for 69-days, and (iii) complete standardized questionnaires pre- and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using Hussey’s (2019) R Package for Robust Visualization, Analysis, and Meta Analysis of A-B Designs. In terms of the ecological momentary assessments, avoidance and pliance ratings significantly decreased across time for most participants. Findings regarding perceived ply workability were less consistent (i.e., although ply workability ratings significantly decreased for three participants, the overall effect was not statistically significant). In terms of the standardized questionnaires, across participants, there were overall negligible changes in distress and pliance, while avoidance and fusion ratings decreased from pre- to post-intervention. Results are discussed with explicit reference to the need for future research that identifies the key mechanisms/processes of change underlying intervention effectiveness.
Narcissists are not more egocentric: evidence from a performance-based perspective-taking measure
Authors: Bukowski Henryk , bigot Alix , Samson Dana
Published: August 2022

Narcissists are typically described as egocentric, meaning they behave and think without considering what others might think or feel, which led authors to claim that narcissists’ interpersonal difficulties stem from reduced perspective-taking abilities; a claim supported by self-reported measures of perspective taking. This study examined perspective-taking performance via a visual perspective-taking task along with the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI; Raskin & Terry, 1988) and the Narcisistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire (NARQ; Back et al., 2013). The task was designed to measure the ability to handle conflicting viewpoints and the attentional priority given to the egocentric perspective (i.e., self-centered) versus the altercentric perspective (i.e., another person’s). We found (N=99) and replicated (N=149) that individuals scoring high on narcissism were not more egocentric than individuals scoring low on narcissism; they actually prioritized less their egocentric viewpoint. The narcissists’ higher perspective-taking performance is interpreted and tested in terms of social competency through leadership, social comparisons to get ahead of others, and a deep need of others to self-regulate. When assessing social skills in relation to narcissism, it is essential to use performed-based measures rather than solely rely on self-reports.
Sarcoma del estroma endometrial, patología, diagnóstico, manejo y tratamiento. (Revisión Teórica)
Authors: Vergara Farinango Dayana , Avilés Ternéux Kléber , López Mayorga Alberto
Published: August 2022

Introducción: Los sarcomas uterinos representan del 3 al 7% de las neoplasias femeninas y debido a su rareza, etiología desconocida y aberración genética existe falta de consenso sobre los factores de ocurrencia y opciones terapéuticas. Los tumores del estroma endometrial representan menos del 1% y se dividen en cuatro categorías reconocidas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud: nódulo del estroma endometrial, sarcoma del estroma endometrial de bajo grado, sarcoma del estroma endometrial  de alto grado y sarcoma uterino indiferenciado. La histerectomía total con salpingooforectomía bilateral es la principal línea de tratamiento. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión bibliográfica actualizada de la fisiopatología, incidencia, cuadro clínico, diagnóstico y tratamiento, del sarcoma uterino endometrial, con el propósito de identificar el estado de conocimiento y resolución de esta patología a nivel mundial. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos: PUBMED, CANCERLIT, EMBASE, BIREME e HINARI, seleccionando artículos publicados en los últimos 10 años, en cualquier idioma, los cuales no fueron limitados por diseño o número de pacientes notificados, que hagan referencia a información precisa sobre el sarcoma endometrial.  Resultados: Se identificaron 68 artículos útiles, 47 cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad de los cuáles se desprende que la inmunohistoquímica determina el diagnóstico definitivo y que la recurrencia depende del tipo de sarcoma endometrial identificado.  Conclusión: El sarcoma endometrial es una neoplasia infrecuente, con manifestaciones clínicas variables e inespecíficas, que afecta a mujeres pre y posmenopáusicas. El diagnóstico precoz y la intervención oportuna son necesarios para la supervivencia de las pacientes.
Miomatosis uterina, un desafío terapéutico en ginecología y fertilidad. Artículo de revisión de la literatura
Authors: Calderón León María Fernanda , Hidalgo Acosta Javier Aquiles , Baquerizo Godoy María Fernanda , Benítez Ormaza Yomara Catherine , Mendoza Granda Romina Ivanna , Valencia Escobar Mayra Nathaly
Published: August 2022

Introducción:  En el ámbito de la infertilidad, es importante conocer las múltiples alternativas que existen para el manejo de los miomas uterinos, que son neo formaciones que, de acuerdo a su localización, muchas veces interfieren para que no se produzca el inicio y desarrollo normal de un embarazo. El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer la mejor opción terapéutica, cuando aplicarla y como aplicarla, para mejorar la fertilidad en una mujer, cuya alteración es por la presencia de miomas uterinos. Materiales y Métodos: Revisión de artículos médicos científicos consultando las bases de datos MedLine, The Cochranre Library Plus, PUBMED, ELSEVIER, artículos en su mayoría del año 2015 en adelante, en los idiomas español e inglés.  Se revisaron artículos completos actuales, precisos y concisos sobre el tema de revisión bibliográfica. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 30 artículos. Artículos de revisión, meta-análisis, estudios observacionales, descriptivos, retrospectivos, opiniones de autores y guías del American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Conclusiones:  El manejo y el tratamiento de los miomas en una mujer con deseo genésico consiste en la extirpación quirúrgica de los miomas por métodos y procedimientos mínimamente invasivos previo valoración de su tamaño y localización, habiendo hecho uso en los casos necesarios y aplicables, de medicamentos como los agonistas de la hormona liberadora de gonadotropina (GNRH) por ciclos, para disminución de su tamaño y que se facilite su extracción, mejorando así la fertilidad.
Variabilidad en la saturación de oxigeno en relación al uso de mascarilla en el personal sanitario del Hospital General Ambato-IESS
Authors: Paredes Lascano Patricia Lorena , Bravo Paredes Leonardo Alejandro , Alvarez Guerrero Daniel Alejandro , Benavides Vargas Karen Estefanía , Freire Pazmiño Dennise Solange
Published: August 2022

El estado de emergencia sanitaria por el virus SARS-CoV- 2 ha incrementado la demanda del uso de mascarillas, las que forman parte de los materiales de bioseguridad y contribuyen a disminuir el riesgo de la propagación de enfermedades través de gotitas respiratorias, es por tal motivo la Organización Mundial de la Salud recomienda el uso de la mascarilla durante la pandemia por COVID-19.
Objetivos: El presente artículo tiene como objetivo general determinar la variabilidad de la saturación de oxígeno con y sin el uso de mascarilla en el personal sanitario del Hospital General Ambato-IESS.
Metodología: Es un estudio observacional descriptivo prospectivo de cohorte transversal. Se realizará la medición de la saturación de oxígeno por medio del Monitor EDAN M3 en el personal sanitario del HGA-IESS bajo consentimiento informado, en quienes utilizan mascarilla durante la pandemia. El análisis estadístico se lo realizó con el método de tablas cruzadas con el objetivo de comparar las variables independientes con la dependiente, el IC es del 95% y con un valor p  menor a 0.05 para que muestre significancia.
Resultados: De 129 objetos de estudio el grupo de edad representativo y significativo según p<0.05 es menor de 33 años en un rango de 24 a 32 años de edad; el género femenino prevalece 2 a 1 sobre el masculino, el tipo de mascarilla más utilizada es la N95 en 59.7%, la variabilidad de saturación de la población de estudio con y sin mascarilla es mayor en hombres que en mujeres, reflejando una diferencia de 1.2 y 0.9 respectivamente (p=0.02 y p=0.01).
Conclusiones: La variabilidad de saturación con o sin el uso de mascarilla representa mínimos cambios, en este grupo de estudio, pues en hombres y mujeres existe la misma tendencia, es decir a elevar la SPO2, aunque en proporciones mínimas.
Hernia Ventral en adultos, conocimiento actual: Anatomía, Diagnóstico y Tratamiento. Revisión bibliográfica.
Authors: Díaz Piedrahita Marco Alfonso , Villagómez Yánez Cristian Manuel , Arteaga Pilozo Darwin Adrian , Guanoluisa Diaz Karla Gabriela
Published: August 2022

Introducción: La hernia ventral es una patología caracterizada por la protrusión del contenido intraabdominal por medio de un defecto en la pared circundante, siendo este primario o secundario, y pudiendo desarrollar múltiples complicaciones e incluso muerte de no ser tratado oportunamente. Su incidencia ha venido en aumento a nivel mundial cada año, por eso este artículo ha sido enfocado en evaluar la evidencia actual sobre la Hernia Ventral en cirugía, así como la anatomía, diagnóstico y tratamiento quirúrgico.
Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica narrativa de 32 artículos científicos que priorizó el grado de evidencia científica para unificar conocimientos sobre esta patología y su realidad en la actualidad.
Conclusión: Es importante resaltar que este estudio encontró que la literatura en la actualidad recomienda el criterio del cirujano por sobre cualquier elección de técnica quirúrgica, encontrando un consenso que apoya al uso de malla para refuerzo y reconstrucción de la pared abdominal.
Reanimación cardiopulmonar en COVID-19 y los equipos de alto desempeño: revisión bibliográfica.
Authors: Escobar Suárez Carlos Antonio , Ortiz Ortiz Ibella Sulamid , Orozco Montiel Soledad , Navas Silva Darwin Javier
Published: August 2022

Introducción: La pandemia de covid-19 en el mundo deja una secuela de dolor, muertes y cambios estructurales en el sistema de atención en salud, con aproximadamente tres millones de muertes, por lo que la reanimación cardiopulmonar está teniendo cambios interesantes en la actualidad.
Objetivos: Reconocer los cambios que ha sufrido la reanimación cardiopulmonar mediante la revisión bibliográfica en tiempos de pandemia Covid-19.
Métodos: Se realizó una investigación de diseño documental, de carácter descriptivo y exploratorio. A través de la búsqueda de artículos científicos completos, en bases de datos como SciElo, Pubmed, Google Scholar and LATINDEX, utilizando los descriptores: Reanimación cardiopulmonar, covid-19, bioseguridad, protocolos.
Resultados: Se encuentra en la investigación que hay cambios importantes sobre todo en vía aérea con utilización prioritaria de máscara laríngea y equipos mínimamente necesarios para el desarrollo de la reanimación.
Conclusiones: Se concluye que la reanimación cardiopulmonar tendrá cambios en forma y fondo sobretodo asentar la bioseguridad, y evitar la contaminación cruzada.
Impacto de las redes sociales en la enseñanza virtual, en tiempos de covid 19, revision de la literatura
Authors: Amaluisa- Rendón Alexandra Katherine , Torres Criollo Larry Miguel , Amaluisa  Rendón Diana Estefanía , Pozo  Añazco José Andrés , Amaluisa Rendón Paulina Magally
Published: August 2022

Introducción: Secundario a lo acontecido a nivel mundial, en el contexto de una pandemia por la denominada COVID 19, también se vieron afectadas y modificadas nuestras actividades de la vida diaria, es así que la enseñanza remota de emergencia (ERE) tomó fuerza en todos los niveles educativos, con el fin de preservar la continuidad educativa; dentro de este entorno se muestran las redes sociales como la primera fuente de información, desinformación e incluso una plataforma educativa para el universo de los estudiantes con acceso a internet. ¿Pero son realmente útiles las redes sociales en la educación médica? ¿Pueden estas ser parte de la educación formal? Son cuestionamientos que los revisaremos en el presente estudio.
Objetivos: Determinar la eficacia de las redes sociales en la enseñanza virtual en relación a la pandemia COVID 19, mediante la búsqueda actualizada en bases de datos científicas.
Metodología: Se desarrolló una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura de carácter descriptivo, sobre el impacto de las redes sociales en la enseñanza virtual en tiempos de COVID-19, siguiendo el protocolo de diagramas de flujo del Informe PRISMA realizando una búsqueda en las bases de datos electrónicas: Google académico, Elsevier, Scielo, Pubmed. Todos los estudios utilizados en esta revisión se publicaron en el idioma español e inglés. Las palabras clave utilizadas fueron: “redes sociales”, “COVID-19” “educación”, utilizando operadores booleanos “y”; “o”/ “and”, “or”.
Conclusiones: La imperiosa necesidad de la virtualidad generó la oportunidad del acceso universal a la educación mediante la virtualidad, los estudiantes y docentes generaron contenido educativo a nivel de redes sociales. En la educación médica se pueden tomar elementos teóricos desde las redes sociales, pero se requiere la presencialidad por la triada docente-estudiante-paciente para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje.
Tuberculosis pleural: reporte de caso
Authors: Toalombo Christian Javier , Mogrovejo Ligia Haydee , Buenaño Daniela Fernanda
Published: August 2022

Introducción: El Ecuador es un área con alta incidencia de tuberculosis, convirtiendo a esta enfermedad en un problema de salud pública que conlleva un alto riesgo de contagio al personal de salud al exponerse a pacientes sintomáticos respiratorios. A nivel mundial en el año 2020 se presentaron un total de 9,9 millones de casos, sin embargo, el diagnóstico oportuno de tuberculosis pleural se ve dificultado por tratarse de una patología extrapulmonar poco frecuente. Objetivo: Describir un caso clínico de tuberculosis extrapulmonar y su diagnóstico oportuno para tratamiento temprano.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, presentación de caso.
Resultados: Presentamos el caso de un paciente con Tuberculosis extrapulmonar con derrame pleural recidivante, inicialmente diagnosticado como neumonía comunitaria sin mejoría. Se logró establecer el diagnóstico de tuberculosis pleural basados en criterios clínicos, estudios de imagen, hallazgo de linfocitosis y ADA elevada (61 U/L) en el líquido pleural.
Conclusiones: El ADA elevado (>40 U/L) más linfocitosis en el líquido pleural debe alertar el diagnóstico detuberculosis pleural e instaurar un tratamiento temprano.
Infección por SARS-COV-2 y embarazo: revisión de la bibliografía
Authors: Gavilanes Sáenz Víctor Patricio , Jurado Melo Verónica Cristina
Published: August 2022

Introducción: El manejo de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en mujeres embarazadas representa un reto tanto por la serie de cambios fisiológicos que presentan, como por la preocupación que existe acerca de las implicaciones fetales. Objetivo: Revisar la información disponible acerca de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en gestantes, con el fin de determinar cuál es el comportamiento epidemiológico de la infección, así como establecer recomendaciones en lo que respecta al manejo e inmunización en este grupo de población. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de información científica en las bases de datos disponibles como Pubmed Central, Redalyc, Scielo, ScienceDirect, y página institucional de la OMS. Se hicieron búsquedas y recuperación efectiva de información, seleccionando artículos indexados publicados desde el año 2020 en adelante, en idioma inglés y español que incluyan artículos de revisión, revisión bibliográfica sistemática y reportes de casos clínicos. Resultados: Se dispuso de 23 artículos y documentos de interés científico para realizar la presente revisión. Dentro de los datos relevantes se estima una tasa de mortalidad de 1% en embarazadas infectadas por SARS-CoV-2, al parecer existe un mayor riesgo en este grupo de ingreso a Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, de necesidad de ventilación mecánica y de muerte, adicionalmente se evidencia un riesgo incrementado de parto prematuro, posiblemente de origen iatrogénico. No existe evidencia de que los principales tratamientos disponibles para el manejo de la infección grave por SARS-CoV-2 representen un riesgo potencial para el feto, por último, la efectividad de las vacunas se ha visto similar en embarazadas comparado con no embarazadas y no parecen tener riesgo de daños para la madre o el feto. Conclusiones: Los datos disponibles con respecto a la infección de SARS-CoV-2 en mujeres embarazadas son limitados, al parecer las gestantes tienen una mayor probabilidad de tener complicaciones graves, sin embargo, no existen mayores limitaciones para aplicar el manejo farmacológico, finalmente se debe incentivar la vacunación en este grupo.
Síndrome de desgaste profesional en médicos de atención primaria durante la emergencia sanitaria por SARS- CoV- 2
Authors: Chicaiza Mónica , Sánchez Alejandra , Santana Carmen , Nauque Nelsinio , Nauque Moposita Diego , Aguilar Aida , Andrade Albán Noemí
Published: August 2022

Introducción: El desgaste profesional conocido como burnout es un trastorno que sin lugar a duda afecta al personal de salud entre los cuales están los médicos que brindaron su contingente en primera línea durante la pandemia por SARS- CoV- 2, esto repercutió directamente en su calidad de vida y en la atención al paciente. En los médicos de Atención Primaria existen ciertas singularidades cuyas demandas físicas y emocionales los hacen más susceptibles a padecerlo. Objetivo: Determinar el desgaste profesional en médicos de Atención Primaria, durante la emergencia Sanitaria por SARS- CoV- 2. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo, transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo, en los médicos que laboraron en el Distrito de Salud Ambato 18D02, Zona 3, Ecuador, durante la emergencia sanitaria debido a la pandemia por SARS- CoV- 2, a quienes se realizó la aplicación de una encuesta virtual recopilando datos demográficos, exposición a SARS- CoV- 2 y el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventary (MBI).Resultados: Se incluyó un total de 129 participantes (n: 129) de los cuales, el 13% presentaron síndrome de desgaste laboral, con mayor afectación en la subescala cansancio emocional, de predomino en el sexo masculino. Sin embargo, se identificó riesgo de padecer este síndrome en el 30% de todos los profesionales. Conclusiones: Existe un nivel significativo de agotamiento entre los médicos de Atención Primaria y considerable porcentaje de profesionales en riesgo, en quienes es necesario realizar intervención temprana para prevenir el desgaste profesional, se necesitan más investigaciones para estudiar el problema en este nivel
Embarazo ectópico cervical. Presentación de caso clínico
Authors: Calderón León María Fernanda , Valdez Campoverde Gloria Esperanza , Carrión Silva Gabriela Mercedes , Quisiguiña Jarrin Nataly Del Carmen , Briones Moreira Francisca Narcisa , Crespo González Iván Remigio , Vergara Cedeño Shirley Patricia , Sanga Pintag Dennis Abraham , Bejarano Macias Jorge Eduardo , Grueso Pérez Liliana Alejandra
Published: August 2022

El embarazo cervical, es la forma más rara de embarazo ectópico, en la cual el embrión se implanta y crece dentro del canal endocervical, al igual que todos los embarazos ectópicos, pueden romperse de forma aguda y son la principal causa de muerte materna en el primer trimestre del embarazo, por lo que, el reconocimiento precoz y la localización precisa tienen implicaciones clínicas significativas sobre la morbimortalidad en la gestante. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir un caso clínico de embarazo ectópico cervical, manejado exitosamente con tratamiento quirúrgico conservador. Se describen aspectos relevantes sobre esta condición clínica patológica y la importancia del diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno.  Se solicitó el consentimiento informado a la paciente. Se obtuvo la autorización del Departamento de docencia e investigación, permitiendo la revisión de historia clínica e imágenes para la publicación del caso. En el presente trabajo se concluye que el embarazo ectópico cervical, es una condición patológica rara y con una tasa de mortalidad muy alta si no se diagnostica y trata a tiempo. Su manejo va a depender del estado hemodinámico de la paciente y de su deseo de preservación de la fertilidad
Post Method Pedagogy: Opportunities and Challenges in EFL Context of Nepal
Authors: Sapkota Narayan Prasad
Published: August 2022

Post-method pedagogy is an attempt to go beyond the quest of the best method or method-based restrictions in language teaching. Pedagogy in these premises is not limited to classroom activities, teaching materials, curricular objectives, and evaluation procedures, but also covers traditionally overlooked areas such as historical, political and socio-cultural experience. It is a tripartite system with the three pedagogic parameters such as particularity, practicality, and possibility. This research was conducted to explore the opportunities and challenges of adopting post method pedagogy in the EFL context of Nepal. The research uses document analysis and auto ethnographic evidences as the source of data. The analysis of data results that the application of three pedagogic parameters of post method pedagogy is an opportunity to improve the EFL practices in Nepal. The research also indicates that there are diverse challenges to bring these pedagogies into practice. This research implies the urgency of post method pedagogy for improving EFL situation of Nepal is urgent.
The Apocalyptic Visions in the Poems of SP Lohani, GM Hopkins and VS Rai
Authors: Parajuli Bishwo Raj
Published: August 2022

This article explores some textual and contextual evidences on how Shreedhar Lohani’s ‘Gaia’, G.M. Hopkin’s ‘God’s Grandeur’, and V.S. Rai’s ‘Corona Says’ reveal figures of speech and their underlying suggestions with current environmental crisis, specially focusing on the topics of contemporary environmental discourse related to environmental apocalypticism or catastrophic changes. Relevant environmental, ecological and mythical perspectives have been incorporated to substantiate the argument. The discussion integrates ideas from theoretical insights, textual evidences, contextual cases and views of the inhabitants of affected areas. The discussion critically reads the texts with regards to the claim and key theoretical concepts like Gaia as Earth mother, the arcadias in nature, degraded landscapes like Brownfields, environmental as well as mythical apocalypticism, nature as instrument to gratify human needs and desires and other relevant outlooks. Based on the findings of analysis, the conclusion of the discussion cogently establishes the argument rather than forming certitudes on the poems. The selected texts suggest that the anthropocentric rational framework and a serious self-destructive denial of ecological limits is leading us to eco-catastrophic ends. So, it’s high time we give up our chauvinism and live in harmony with nature and fellow creatures. The conclusion is expected to open avenues for further discussion as well as contestation on the same or similar discourses.
Basic Level School Students' Letter Writing Proficiency
Authors: Adhikari Yam Nath
Published: August 2022

Letter writing is one of the most important aspect of teaching and learning activities. When the students become competent in letter writing, they can communicate with different firms and institutions. This study proves that the task of letter writing for basic school students in English is a challenging task. The study employed descriptive survey research design. It explores how basic school students perform their level of proficiency in writing letter of apology studying in four schools of Pokhara valley. This study found out that the students of basic school are not instructed well to follow the standard pattern of letters writing during teaching and learning process. The average mark of the sampled schools’ students was 10.48 which showed that the proficiency level of the basic school students’ was not found better. The majority of the students scored below average marks in this study which reveals that both students and teachers need to be trained well to develop the letter writing proficiency of basic school students.
Comparative Study of Analytic and Numerical Solutions of Steady-state Temperature Distribution on Semi-circular Plate Using Laplace Equation
Authors: Basnet Ganesh Bahadur
Published: August 2022

In this paper numerical methods have been used to solve two dimensional steady state heat flow problem in polar coordinates with Dirichlet boundary conditions inside a semi-circular plate and the work focuses on the numerical methods for solving Laplace equation; finite difference schemes and Gauss elimination method. The numerical solution is compared with exact solution of the same problem. Finally, we analyze the absolute error in different number of iterations to check the accuracy of schemes.
Periodic Components of the Fatou Set in Angular Region
Authors: Gurung Nirmal , Singh Ajaya
Published: August 2022

Here we discuss, for a given integer, the existence of transcendental entire function such that its number of periodic Fatou components lie in angular regions and their periodicity are related to the integer.
Advection-Dispersion Equation for Concentrations of Pollutant and Dissolved Oxygen
Authors: Paudel Keshav , Kafle Jeevan , Bhandari Prem Sagar
Published: August 2022

A coupled system of advection-dispersion equations based water pollution model is presented that incorporates different parameters. The major concerns of the research are to observe the concentrations of pollutant and dissolved oxygen in the river. One dimensional model is used to observe the concentrations by taking the dimension along the length of the river. Since the processes of pollution and aeration are ongoing, the investigation of steady states is made possible by taking into account the elimination of pollutants by aeration. In this model coupled advection-dispersion equations are solved by taking dispersion coefficient as zero and non-zero, respectively.
Optimization Of Video Conference With Priority Features On The Mikrotik Router
Authors: Pratama Eka Kusuma , Firmansyah Firmansyah , Sandi Tommi Alfian Armawan , Astuti Rachmawati Darma
Published: August 2022

Munculnya standar baru yang harus dipenuhi oleh semua aktor. Akses mudah ke konferensi video memiliki banyak aspek positif yang akhirnya menjadi kebutuhan saat ini. Setiap aplikasi menyediakan akses mudah ke komunikasi yang semakin canggih dan menarik, menjadikannya bagian dari kehidupan saat ini. Beberapa fitur yang memungkinkan lebih dari 100 peserta untuk berpartisipasi dalam konferensi video yang sama dapat berdampak besar pada dunia pendidikan dan bisnis saat ini. Pendidikan dasar yang berlangsung secara offline saja dan disusun di satu tempat, kini dapat diselesaikan kapan saja, di mana saja melalui laptop atau ponsel. Ini adalah konferensi video menggunakan aplikasi zoom. Pengaturan jaringan yang dikonfigurasi secara intensif oleh aktivitas diharapkan dapat memaksimalkan konferensi video saat digunakan oleh banyak peserta. Penggunaan traffic priority mikrotik dengan limitasi packet jaringan yang membuat jaringan tertentu lebih diprioritaskan dahulu.
Amplitude analyses of multi-body hadronic D+ (s) decays at BESIII
Authors: Ge Panting
Published: August 2022

Using e +e − annihilation data corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 6.32 fb−1 and 2.93 fb−1 collected at the center-of-mass energies 4.178-4.226 GeV and 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we have performed amplitude analyses of the decays D + s → K− K+ π+, D + s → K0 Sπ+π0 , D + s → K0 SK−π+π+, D + s → K+K−π+ π0 , D + s → ηπ+ π+ π−, and D+ → K0 SK+π0 . We present the results based on these amplitude analyses where rich structures have been observed. In addition, we also report observations of some new hadronic D + (s) decay modes D + s → K0 ρ(770)+, D + s → K∗ (892)0π +, D + s → K∗ (892)+π0 , and D + (s) → a0(980)+ρ 0 and the determinations of their decay branching fractions which are 5.46±0.84stat. ±0.44syst. ×10−3 , 2.71±0.72stat. ±0.30syst. ×10−3 , 0.75±0.24stat. ±0.06syst. ×10−3 , and 0.21 ± 0.08stat. ± 0.05syst.%
Laparoskopik sleeve gastrektomi hastalarımızın erken ve geç komplikasyonlarına yaklaşımımız
Authors: TAŞKIN Ali Kemal , ÜSTÜNER Mehmet Akif
Published: August 2022

Aim: Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) is used as an effective surgical method in the treatment of morbid obesity. In our study, we investigated the early and late complications and treatment methods of our patients who underwent LSG.Material and method: 390 patients between the ages of 18-70 who were operated between January 2016 and December 2020 were included in the study. Patient records were retrospectively scanned electronically and the results were recorded.Results: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy surgery was performed on 390 morbidly obese patients. Of the patients, 310 (78.1%) were female, 80 (21.9%) were male, with a mean age of 42.1 years (22-65) and 42.9 years (24-70) patients. Complications were observed in 22 (5.64%) patients with LSG. Ten (2.56%) of the patients developed complications in the early period, 9 (2.33%) developed complications in the late period, and 3 (0.75%) of them developed both early and late complications.Early complications; Postoperative early anastomosis leakage in 4 (1%) patients, atelectasis in 2 (0.5%) patients, bleeding in 1 (0.25%) patient, dehydration in 1 (0.25%) patient, intra-abdominal collection in 1 (0.25%) patient, pleurosis in 1 (0.25%) patient was detected. Stent was applied to the patients with leakage, and the patient with bleeding was operated. Other patients received medical treatment.Late complications; Minimal stenosis causing reflux in the incisura angularis was found in 5 (1.25%) patients, and trocar port hernia was found in 4 (1%) patients.Early and late complication; Late complications were also observed in 3 (0.75%) patients who underwent stenting due to early leakage. Late pyloric stenosis was detected in 1 (0.25%) of these patients, gastric ulcers in 1 (0.25%) and esophagocardial stenosis in 1 (0.25%) patient. Patients with trocar port hernia and patients with severe symptomatic incisura angularis stenosis were treated surgically, while other patients were treated medically. No mortality was observed.Conclusion: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, which is an effective method in the treatment of morbid obesity, can have serious early and late complications. For this reason, we believe that it will be safer to operate them in centers where necessary intensive care conditions and endoscopic interventions such as stenting can be performed quickly and reliably.
MARKETING DIGITAL
Authors: Ronaldo Portela Pereira et al.
Published: August 2022

Este artigo apresenta o uso das redes sociais mais utilizadas como uma estratégia de marketing na empresas de Presidente Figueiredo, seu objetivo principal é  demonstrar como as plataformas mídias sociais podem ajudar nas estratégias das empresas e tendo como objetivos específicos apresentar quais são as mídias sociais mais e menos utilizadas, quais os benefícios que a utilização  das redes sociais para as empresas e por fim apresentar quais as dificuldades para se implantar o marketing digital nas empresas. O método realizado na pesquisa quanto a sua finalidade foi a descritiva, onde foi realizado um estudo detalhado, com uma coleta de dados, análises e a interpretação dos mesmos, não havendo interação ou envolvimento do pesquisador no tema da pesquisa. Quanto aos meios a pesquisa utilizou o método bibliográfico e documental, pois foi utilizado para elaboração desta pesquisa uma vasta pesquisa, através de referências bibliográficas, assim como a aplicação de um questionário com a finalidade de identificar os benefícios que o marketing digital, neste caso o uso das principais plataformas sociais como, Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp e etc., podem oferecer para as empresas de Presidente Figueiredo, sejam elas micro, pequenas ou grandes. Essa pesquisa foi voltada para uma perspectiva geral sobre o uso das principais mídias sociais, realizando um levantamento sobre quais são as mais e menos usadas pelas empresas, se houve ou não algum crescimento nessas empresas, quais as mídias sociais que podem ser utilizadas para determinado mercado e etc. Desta forma, esta pesquisa descreve os vários os pontos em relação ao uso das mídias e redes sociais nas empresas de Presidente Figueiredo, entrelaçadas com as suas estratégias de marketing, apresentando como as mídias sociais estão sendo utilizadas pelas empresas.
O CAMU-CAMU (Myrciaria dubia) COMO ALIMENTO ALTERNATIVO PARA JUVENIS DE PIRAPITINGA (Piaractus brachypomus) EM VIVEIROS ESCAVADOS
Authors: Gabriel Felipe Duarte dos Santos et al.
Published: August 2022

O camu-camu (M. dubia) é rico em vitamina C e um dos principais frutos na alimentação natural da pirapitinga (P. brachypomus), sendo uma opção de alimento alternativo na piscicultura para diminuir custos com ração. Avaliar o efeito da substituição da ração comercial por M. dubia sobre o desempenho produtivo de juvenis de P. brachypomus foi objetivo deste trabalho. O experimento foi realizado na Unidade de Aquicultura do IFAM Campus Tabatinga em 12 viveiros escavados medindo 20 m2 cada e teve duração de 60 dias. Utilizou-se 20 juvenis de P. brachypomus por unidade experimental, em 4 tratamentos (T1, T2, T3 e T4) e 3 réplicas, sendo T1: 100% ração comercial, T2: 90% ração comercial + 10% camu-camu, T3: 80% ração comercial + 20% camu-camu e T4: 70% ração comercial + 30% camu-camu, fornecida 2 vezes ao dia a 3% da biomassa. A qualidade da água foi monitorada diariamente. Após biometria final, foram obtidos dados para avaliar os índices zootécnicos, fator de condição relativo (Kn), relação peso-comprimento e o efeito da substituição sobre a composição centesimal do músculo de P. brachypomus. O desempenho produtivo dos juvenis em viveiros escavados não foi influenciado pelas dietas testadas. As variáveis físico-químicas da água analisadas se mantiveram dentro dos padrões recomendados para a criação de peixes nativos. É viável a substituição em até 30% da ração comercial por frutos de camu-camu, visto que não influenciou no crescimento durante fase juvenil de P. brachypomus.