bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemberian Kalium Buah Pisang Lampung terhadap Densitas Mineral Tulang pada Lansia
Authors: Waliyo Edy , Nopriantini Nopriantini , Festilia Agusanty Shelly
Published: September 2019

Abstract: Effect of Lampung Banana Potassium on Bone Mineral Density in the Elderly. This study aims to determine the eﬀect of banana lampung on bone mineral density in the elderly in the Social Welfare Tresna Werdha and Werdha Graha Kasih Father’s home). This research is a research with experimental design with the separate sample pretest posttest control group design. The research was carried out in the Tresna Werdha Social Institution and the Werdha Graha Kasih Father’s house, from May to July 2017. The sampling technique was taken by random sampling The result of potassium feeding on 150 grams of banana per day for 30 days by increasing BMD T-score of 0.17 while in control group (without banana lampung) BMD T-score decreased by - 0.32. After intervention in both groups showed a diﬀerence of BMD T-score of 0.49. Abstrak: Pemberian Kalium Buah Pisang Lampung terhadap Densitas Mineral Tulang pada Lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengetahui pengaruh pemberian buah pisang lampung terhadap bone mineral density pada lansia di wilayah Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha dan panti Werdha Graha Kasih Bapa). Penelitian yang dilakukan ini adalah penelitian dengan desain eksperimen dengan rancangan the separate sample pretest posttest control group design. Penelitian dilaksanakan di wilayah Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha dan panti Werdha Graha Kasih Bapa), mulai bulan Mei s/d Juli 2017. Teknik sampling diambil dengan cara random sampling Hasil pemberian kalium pada buah pisang lampung sebanyak 150 gr setiap hari selama 30 hari dengan dapat meningkatkan BMD T-score sebesar 0,17 sedangkan pada kelompok control (tanpa pemberian buah pisang lampung) BMD T-score menurun sebesar - 0,32. Setelah intervensi pada ke dua kelompok menunjukkan adanya perbedaan BMD T-score sebesar 0,49.
Diasporic experiences portrayed in Luling character as the first-generation in Amy Tan's The Bonesetter's Daughter
Authors: Makodamayanti Septiarini , Wulandari Diyah Fitri
Published: September 2019

This study deals with the issue of diaspora which relates to diasporic experiences as well as the impact of diaspora. The research attempted to find out the experiences encountered by LuLing and to know the impact of diaspora perceived by her as the analyzed character, during her process of diaspora. Descriptive Qualitative research was used in the arranging of this undergraduate thesis. The data came from various sources that were classified into primary data and secondary data. The primary data were taken from the Bonesetter's Daughter novel by Amy Tan. The secondary data were taken from book, printed and online journals and articles. The first step for analyzing the data was by reading the whole chapters of the Bonesetter's Daughter novel. While the second step, was underlining or highlighting the parts that showed about the diasporic experiences and the impact of diaspora encountered by LuLing. This study shows how the phenomenon of diaspora invokes some experiences and gives an impact to the diasporas as reflected in the Bonesetter's Daughter novel. The movement of LuLing to America triggered by the war in her country had allowed her to undergo some experiences like acculturation, culture shock, and separation, along with the psychological impact of the movement that she had. Through LuLing, the Chinese first-generation woman character, this novel shows how the Chinese diasporas live their life in a country which is different from their homeland.
ASGARİ GEÇİM İNDİRİMİ UYGULAMASINDA ÜCRETLİ VE İŞVERENLERİN SORUMLULUĞU
Authors: TÜRKAY İmdat
Published: September 2019

193 sayılı Gelir Vergisi Kanununda yer alan ve tam mükellef gerçek kişilerin elde ettiği ücret gelirlerine uygulanan asgarî geçim indirimi uygulaması 2008 yılından bu yana uygulanmaktadır. Asgari geçim indirimi uygulamasından ücret geliri tevkif suretiyle vergiye tabi tutulan ücretliler ile tevkifata tabi tutulmadığı için yıllık beyanname veren ücretliler yararlanmaktadır. Asgari geçim indirimi tutarı, ücretin elde edildiği takvim yılı başında geçerli olan asgarî ücretin yıllık brüt tutarına ücretlinin kendisi, eşi ve çocuklarının durumu dikkate alınarak belirlenen oranların uygulanmasıyla bulunan tutarın, gelir vergisi tarifesinin birinci gelir dilimine karşılık gelen oranla çarpımı sonucu yıllık ve aylık olarak hesaplanmaktadır. İşverenler tarafından hesaplanan asgari geçim indirimi tutarı, çalışanlara ödenen aylık ücret tutarı üzerinden hesaplanan gelir vergisinden mahsup edilmek suretiyle ücretliye ödenmekte ve bu tutarlar işverenler tarafından muhtasar beyannamede tevkif suretiyle kesilen vergiler toplamından mahsup edilmektedir. Sistemin doğru işleyebilmesi, ücretli ve işverenlerin yasal düzenlemeler doğrultusunda sorumluluklarını yerine getirmesine bağlı bulunmaktadır.
YOKSULLUKLA MÜCADELEDE MODERN ZEKÂT MODELİ EKSENİNDE ZENGİNLİK VE YOKSULLUK ÖLÇÜTÜ (NİSABI)
Authors: DİNÇER Süleyman
Published: September 2019

İslâm dini, ihtiyacından fazla bir mala/gelire sahip olan Müslümanları zengin kabul etmekte ve dolayısıyla nisap denilen zenginlik ölçütünün üzerinde bir mala/gelire sahip olanları zekâta tâbi tutmaktadır. Çağımızda zenginliğin bir ölçütü olan nisap nasıl tespit edilmelidir? Kimler buna göre zengin sayılmalı ve zekât ödemekle yükümlü tutulmalıdır? Diğer taraftan günümüzde zekât gelirinden öncelikli olarak yararlanması gereken yoksulların muhtaçlık dereceleri (muhtaçlık nisabı) sosyo-ekonomik ölçütlere göre nasıl tespit edilmelidir? Bu karmaşık sorular, çağdaş dünyamızda da zenginlerle yoksullar arasında bir sosyal köprü vazifesi gören zekât sisteminin ve buna bağlı olarak zenginlik ve muhtaçlık nisabının klâsik dönemlerde uygulandığından farklı olarak yeniden gözden geçirilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla yoksullukla mücadelede yeni bir zekât modelinin geliştirilmesine ve mevcut sosyo-ekonomik veriler üzerinden bir nisap belirleme yönteminin oluşturulmasına gerek vardır. Bu makalede ilahiyatçı Prof. Dr. Hayrettin Karaman ve sosyal siyaset uzmanı Prof. Dr. Ali Seyyar’ın geliştirdiği zekât modelinin zengin ve yoksul kesimlere ait nisap belirleme yöntemlerine ağırlık verilecek ve bu çerçevede bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır.
GELİR, FİYAT, REEL EFEKTİF DÖVİZ KURU VE İŞGÜCÜ MALİYETLERİNİN İŞSİZLİK ORANI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: TÜRKİYE İÇİN BİR ARDL YAKLAŞIMI
Authors: GÜNEY Ahmet , BALKAYA Ensar
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de gelir, fiyat, reel efektif döviz kuru ve işgücü maliyeti değişkenlerinin işsizlik üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Söz konusu ekonomik faktörlerin işsizlik oranı üzerindeki etkisi ve bu etkilerin yönünün belirlenmesi ile politika geliştiricilere makro ve mikro anlamda öneriler geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 2005:Q1-2016:Q3 döneminin incelendiği bu çalışmada kullanılan veriler Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası istatistiklerinden elde edilmiştir. Bu değişkenler ile işsizlik arasındaki kısa ve uzun dönemli ilişki ARDL sınır testi ve hata düzeltme modeli (ECM) yaklaşımı ile tahmin edilmiştir. Ulaşılan bulgular, uzun dönemde gelir düzeyi ile işsizlik arasında negatif, reel efektif döviz kuru ve işgücü maliyeti ile işsizlik arasında pozitif yönlü ilişkinin olduğunu göstermiştir. İşgücü maliyetinin kısa dönemde, fiyat düzeyinin ise her iki dönemde de işsizlik oranı üzerinde herhangi bir etkisine rastlanılmamıştır. Bununla birlikte, incelenilen dönem itibariyle işsizliğin en önemli belirleyicisinin reel gelir düzeyi olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışma bulgularının, Türkiye’de ekonomik büyümeyi artırıcı, işgücü maliyetlerini düşürücü ve reel efektif döviz kurunun aşırı yükselmesini engelleyici politikaların önemini vurguladığı düşünülmektedir.
PLANO DE NEGÓCIO DE UMA CERVEJARIA ARTESANAL EM RECIFE-PE
Authors: Raposo Cláudio Filipe Lima
Published: September 2019

Desenvolvimento de um plano de negócio sobre cervejaria artesanal como forma investigativa da viabilidade de instalação em Recife, por intermédio de uma estratégia desenvolvidano plano de gestão, através de ferramentas como o Business Canvas, análise SWOT e análise demercado para desenhar o escopo da empresa. Da mesma forma, complementa o estudo um planojurídico abordando a questão tributária para analisar os limites a ser respeitados. O plano demarketing abordará a visão estratégica e tática através do 6P’s (produto, preço, praça, promoção,pessoas e processos), um plano de operações que demonstra o andamento de áreas internas detrabalho. Finalizando um plano financeiro que avalia a viabilidade econômico-financeira daempresa e o retorno do investimento.
Lyme Bay marine protected area: a governance analysis
Authors: Singer Rebecca , Jones Peter JS
Published: September 2019

The Marine Protected Area Governance (MPAG) framework can be used to analyse MPA governance by moving away from conceptual discussions to focus on particular governance approaches leading to effectiveness. The framework was applied to the Lyme Bay MPA, southwest England, the site of a controversial fisheries closure, which has subsequently been proposed as a Special Area of Conservation (SAC), as well the location for an NGO-led project focusing on stakeholder engagement. This paper examines a broad range of perspectives on the governance of this MPA, via semi-structured interviews with representatives of different interest groups and document analyses. The MPAG framework found a governance structure with a diversity of incentives, providing for bottom-up stakeholder engagement and awareness-raising coupled with strong top-down legislative structures. Although the fisheries closure and subsequent SAC restrictions have provided the main mechanisms for protecting biodiversity, an NGO-led project has provided a complement to the legislative framework and helped to facilitate a mechanism for adaptive co-management. However, the site is predicted to be subject to external pressures from changes in legislation, state resource restrictions and reduced NGO involvement, which will test the resilience of the structure and whether such a diversity of incentives provides sufficient resilience to maintain MPA effectiveness in the face of these pressures.
Segunda Temporada de Pesca de Anchoveta 2016, un desafío para el manejo pesquero
Authors: Oceana
Published: September 2019

La apertura de la segunda temporada de pesca de anchoveta 2016 en la zona centro-norte del Perú con una cuota de 2 millones de toneladas, es una clara muestra de que el recurso se ha recuperado de los efectos del evento de El Niño y la actividad pesquera durante ese periodo. Pero su alta tasa de juveniles representa un reto de manejo para el gobierno y para el sector privado, así lo considera Oceana en su balance desarrollado en base al sustento técnico del Instituto del Mar del Perú (IMARPE).
Negative affect and emotion dysregulation among people who inject drugs: An ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Mackesy-Amiti Mary Ellen , Donenberg Geri
Published: September 2019

This study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to measure positive and negative affect among people who inject drugs (PWID), and examined associations with borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms and difficulties with emotion regulation, in the context of injection drug use. We recruited PWID, age 18-35, through syringe exchange program sites in Chicago, Illinois, USA. After completing a baseline interview including a screener for BPD and the Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), participants used a mobile phone app to report mood, substance use, and injection behavior for two weeks. Participants who completed at least two EMA assessments were included in the analysis (N = 161). The mean age was 30, about one-third were women, 63% were non-Hispanic white, and 23% were Hispanic. In multivariable mixed effects regression models, positive BPD screen was associated with greater momentary negative affect (NA) intensity, and greater instability of both NA and positive affect (PA). Independent of BPD screening status, DERS score was associated positively with momentary NA intensity and instability, and negatively with positive affect (PA) intensity. This finding suggests that emotion dysregulation is an appropriate target for assessment and intervention. While concurrent withdrawal was associated with both greater NA and less PA, opioid intoxication was associated only with greater PA. We did not find support for our hypothesis that emotion dysregulation would moderate the effect of withdrawal on NA. Findings support the validity of the EMA mood measure and the utility of studying mood and behavior among PWID using EMA on mobile phones.
Crowd control: Reducing individual estimation bias by sharing biased social information
Authors: Jayles Bertrand , Sire Clément , Kurvers Ralf
Published: September 2019

Cognitive biases are widespread in humans and animals alike, and can sometimes be reinforced by social interactions. One prime bias in judgment and decision-making is the human tendency to underestimate large quantities. Previous research on social influence in estimation tasks has generally focused on the impact of single estimates on individual and collective accuracy, showing that randomly sharing estimates does not reduce the underestimation bias. Here, we test a method of social information sharing that exploits the known relationship between the true value and the level of underestimation, and study if it can counteract the underestimation bias. We performed estimation experiments in which participants had to estimate a series of quantities twice, before and after receiving estimates from one or several group members. Our purpose was threefold: to study (i) whether restructuring the sharing of social information can reduce the underestimation bias, (ii) how the number of estimates received affects the sensitivity to social influence and estimation accuracy, and (iii) the mechanisms underlying the integration of multiple estimates. Our restructuring of social interactions successfully countered the underestimation bias. Moreover, we find that sharing more than one estimate also reduces the underestimation bias. Underlying our results are a human tendency to herd, to trust larger estimates than one’s own more than smaller estimates, and to follow disparate social information less. Using a computational modelling approach, we demonstrate that these effects are indeed key to explain the experimental results. Overall, our results show that existing knowledge on biases can be used to dampen their negative effects and boost judgment accuracy, paving the way for combating other cognitive biases threatening collective systems.
Entropy Fit Indices: New Fit Measures for Assessing the Structure and Dimensionality of Multiple Latent Variables.
Authors: Golino Hudson , Moulder Robert Glenn , Shi Dingjing , Christensen Alexander P. , Garrido Luis Eduardo , Nieto Maria Dolores , Nesselroade John R. , Sadana Ritu , Thiyagarajan Jotheeswaran Amuthavalli , Boker Steven M.
Published: September 2019

The accurate identification of the content and number of latent factors underlying multivariate data is an important endeavor in many areas of Psychology and related fields. Recently, a new dimensionality assessment technique based on network psychometrics was proposed (Exploratory Graph Analysis, EGA), but a measure to check the fit of the dimensionality structure to the data estimated via EGA is still lacking. Although traditional factor-analytic fit measures are widespread, recent research has identified limitations for their effectiveness in categorical variables. Here, we propose three new fit measures (termed entropy fit indices) that combines information theory, quantum information theory and structural analysis: Entropy Fit Index (EFI), EFI with Von Neumman Entropy (EFI.vn) and Total EFI.vn (TEFI.vn). The first can be estimated in complete datasets using Shannon entropy, while EFI.vn and TEFI.vn can be estimated in correlation matrices using quantum information metrics. We show, through several simulations, that TEFI.vn, EFI.vn and EFI are as accurate or more accurate than traditional fit measures when identifying the number of simulated latent factors. However, in conditions where more factors are extracted than the number of factors simulated, only TEFI.vn presents a very high accuracy. In addition, we provide an applied example that demonstrates how the new fit measures can be used with a real-world dataset, using exploratory graph analysis.
The Eight Steps of Data Analysis: A Graphical Framework to Promote Sound Statistical Analysis
Authors: Fife Dustin
Published: September 2019

Data analysis is a risky endeavor, particularly among those unaware of its dangers. In the words of Cook and Campbell (1976; see also Cook, Campbell, and Shadish 2002), “Statistical Conclusions Validity” threatens all experiments that subject themselves to the dark arts of statistical magic. Although traditional statistics classes may advise against certain practices (e.g., multiple comparisons, small sample sizes, violating normality), they may fail to cover others (e.g., outlier detection and violating linearity). More common, perhaps, is that researchers may fail to remember them. In this paper, rather than rehashing old warnings and diatribes against this practice or that, I instead advocate a general statistical analysis strategy. This graphically-based eight step strategy promises to resolve the majority of statistical traps researchers may fall in without having to remember large lists of problematic statistical practices. These steps will assist in preventing both Type I and Type II errors and yield critical insights about the data that would have otherwise been missed. I conclude with an applied example that shows how the eight steps highlight data problems that would not be detected with standard statistical practices.
Simulating Thoughts to Measure and Study Internal Attention in Mental Health
Authors: Amir Iftach , Ruimi Liad , Bernstein Amit
Published: September 2019

Our mind’s eye and the role of internal attention in mental life and suffering has intrigued scholars for centuries. Yet, experimental study of internal attention has been elusive due to our limited capacity to control the timing and content of internal stimuli. We thus developed the Simulated Thoughts Paradigm (STP) to experimentally deliver own-voice thought stimuli that simulate the content and experience of thinking and thereby experimental study of internal attentional processes. In independent experiments (N=122) integrating STP into established cognitive-experimental tasks, we found and replicated evidence that emotional reactivity to negative thoughts predicts difficulty disengaging internal attention from, as well as biased selective internal attention of, those thoughts, which predict cognitive vulnerability (e.g., negative repetitive thinking), which predicts anxiety and depression. Reported findings may have exciting implications for the study of internal attention broadly, models of internal attentional (dys)control in cognitive vulnerability and mental health more specifically.
Construct Validity of Multiple Mini Interviews – Investigating the Role of Stations, Skills, and Raters using Bayesian G-theory
Authors: Breil Simon Mats , Forthmann Boris , Hertel Anike , Ahrens Helmut , Brouwer Britta , Schönefeld Eva , Marschall Bernhard , Back Mitja
Published: September 2019

One popular procedure in the medical student selection process are multiple mini-interviews (MMIs), which are designed to assess social skills (e.g., empathy) by means of brief interview and role-play stations. However, it remains unclear whether MMIs reliably measure desired social skills or rather general performance differences that do not depend on specific social skills. Here, we provide a detailed investigation into the construct validity of MMIs, including the identification and quantification of performance facets (social skill-specific performance, station-specific performance, general performance) and their relations with other selection measures. We used data from three MMI samples (N = 376 applicants, 144 raters) that included six interview and role-play stations and multiple assessed social skills. Bayesian generalizability analyses show that, the largest amount of reliable MMI variance was accounted for by station-specific and general performance differences between applicants. Furthermore, there were low or no correlations with other selection measures. Our findings suggest that MMI ratings are less social skill-specific than originally conceptualized and are due more to general performance differences (across and within-stations). Future research should focus on the development of skill-specific MMI stations and on behavioral analyses on the extents to which performance differences are based on desirable skills versus undesired aspects.
Credit Valuation Adjustment Model
Authors: Xiao Tim
Published: September 2019

Credit valuation adjustment (CVA) has become the first line of defense and the central part of counterparty risk management. This paper presents a new framework for calculating credit value adjustment. The model can easily incorporate various credit mitigation techniques, such as netting agreements and margin agreements, and can capture wrong/right way risk. Numerical results show that these credit mitigation techniques and wrong way risk have significant impacts on CVA. https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/3yjk2/download
Topiramate Adjunctive Therapy for Olanzapine Induced Weight Gain in Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Pandit Sanjib
Published: September 2019

In recent days, the prevailing use of second generation antipsychotics (SGA) or atypical antipsychotics over conventional antipsychotics have shifted the concern of physician from extra pyramidal side effects to the weight gain in the patients receiving treatment for schizophrenia. Among others atypical anti-psychotics, the phenomenology of Olanzapine related weight gain is highly recognized in the clinical practice. However, the exact mechanism by which Olanzapine exerts weight gain effect is largely not understood and is very likely to be multi-factorial. Among other several risk factors, factors such as 5HT2c polymorphisms and H1 receptor affinity have also been purposed. Similarly, various neuro-endocrinal factors related in maintaining energy homeostasis have also been observed to be affected by Olanzapine treatment. However no consisting findings are available to clearly explain the underlying psycho-pathology of disease spectrum in schizophrenia. However, though, recent finding from a clinical trial carried out in healthy male volunteers have suggested that the low baseline TSH profile predicts Olanzapine related weight gain and also interestingly relief by Topiramate adjuvant therapy. However, no such investigations were found in schizophrenia patient.
The layered structure of stably stratified turbulent shear flows
Authors: Glazunov A. V. , Mortikov E. V. , Barskov K. V. , Kadancev E. V. , Zilitinkevich S. S.
Published: September 2019

The data of numerical simulation of stably stratified turbulent Couette flows are analyzed for various values of the Richardson number. Two different methods were used: Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES). It is shown that the flow contains large organized structures, along with chaotic turbulence, regardless of the simulation method. These structures appear as inclined layers in the temperature field with weakly stable stratification, separated by very thin layers with large temperature gradients. The existence of such layered structures in nature is indirectly confirmed by the analysis of field measurement data on the meteorological mast, where temperature gradient distribution histograms are found to be far from the normal distribution and similar to temperature gradient probability distributions obtained by numerical models data. The simulations indicate an increase of the turbulent Prandtl number with increasing of the gradient Richardson number. It is highly likely that the identified structures serve as effective barriers for vertical turbulent heat flux, without the blocking of momentum transfer. We proposed the hypothesis, that it is precisely these structures that serve as the physical mechanism for maintaining turbulence under supercritically stable stratification.
Meridional mass transport of bottom water in the South Atlantic
Authors: Belyaev K. P. , Morozov E. G. , Tuchkova N. P.
Published: September 2019

Estimates of the meridional mass transport of Antarctic Bottom Water, calculated using the coupled ocean- atmosphere model called “Earth System Model” in conjunction with the original data assimilation method are presented. We used the data of the latitudinal CTD sections of temperature and salinity of the WOCE international experiment in 1991-1995 for assimilation. Estimates of the current velocities of Antarctic Bottom Water with the assimilation of observational data are given. We used the author’s data assimilation method, which was previously referred as the generalized Kalman Filter (GKF) method. In the particular case it coincides with the classical Kalman method (EnKF). We also analyze the estimates of the mass transport by the standard dynamic scheme. It is shown that model calculations with data assimilation are qualitatively the same and are quantitatively close to the estimates of geostrophic flow transport based on the dynamic method.
Peculiarities of suspended matter distribution on the geochemical barrier water-atmosphere on transoceanic sections
Authors: Nemirovskaya I. A. , Titova A. M.
Published: September 2019

The article contains the results of the study of surface waters (31 cruise of the R/V “Akademik Nikolai Strakhov”, December 2015–January 2016) and the particle size distribution of aerosols and surface waters (42 cruise of the R/V “Akademik Boris Petrov”, January–April 2017). It was found that aerosol flows increased in arid regions of the Arabian Peninsula and the number of particles 0.3–0.5 µm decreased in the sequence (particles/l, 2017): Bab El-Mandeb Strait (135190)>Gulf of Aden (102854)>Red Sea (91612)>North, Baltic Sea (76468)>Indian Ocean (64113)>Malacca Strait (46491)>Mediterranean Sea (28397)>East Atlantic (14803). The biotic factor between the distribution of suspended matter and organic compounds prevails in the open waters of the Indian Ocean, in the northeastern part of the Atlantic Ocean, as well as in areas with increased water productivity (the Arabian Sea). Circumcontinental zonality led to the dominance of the terrigenous component in the suspension of coastal waters. The transition of the phytoplankton community from the winter (2016) to the spring (2017) led to a decrease in the suspension content, in 8 times on average. The absence of the correlation between the content of the suspension and organic compounds in some areas indicated different sources of their forming. Despite the high concentrations of hydrocarbons in individual samples in 2016 (up to 50–70 µg/l), their average content remained almost unchanged: 10.5 µg/l (2016), 8.7 µg/l (2017). The determination in the composition of hydrocarbons of weathered petroleum alkanes indicated the influence of petroleum pollutants.
Studies of the ecosystems associated with hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the Bering sea (82nd cruise of RV Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev)
Authors: Galkin S. V. , Mordukhovich V. V. , Krylova E. M. , Denisov V. A. , Malutin A. N. , Mikhailik P. E. , Polonik N. S. , Sanamyan N. P. , Shilov V. A. , Ivin V. V. , Adrianov A. V.
Published: September 2019

During the 82nd cruise of RV Akademik M. A. Lavrentyev a multidisciplinary study of the ecosystems associated with hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the Bering Sea was conducted. New data on the composition and structure of benthic communities of the Piip's Volcano are obtained. On the Koryak slope of the Bering Sea, a new cold seep region was discovered. Chemosynthesis-based communities on the Koryak slope are the northern-most of their kind in the Pacific, and the Koryak population of Calyptogena is the northern-most Recent population of pliocardiines in the World Ocean.
The Sustainability of Rural Livelihoods and Ecology among Small-Holder Coffee Farmers in the Eastern Districts of Zimbabwe, 1980-2018
Authors: Taringana Takesure , Mtisi Joseph P.
Published: September 2019

This paper examines the sustainability of rural livelihoods and ecology from small-scale coffee production in the Eastern Districts of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 2018. When Zimbabwe attained political independence in 1980, the government made deliberate efforts at encouraging smallholder commercial farming, particularly of coffee in the Eastern Districts of the country. Emphasis on smallholder coffee production was couched within the pitch of black empowerment designed to counter exploitative colonial policies that segregated against blacks. Smallholder commercial agriculture was regarded as the best conduit to improve rural livelihoods and integrate rural economies in the mainstream economic grid, and also to promote environmental protection. Despite efforts invested in the development of smallholder coffee production, livelihoods and ecological sustainability based on the coffee business were elusive and, over time, the sector has failed. A number of factors explain this, including vacillating government policy, organisational challenges, the commodity problem and chronic dependency on donor funding. These developments attract a critical scholarly discourse to analyse livelihoods and ecological sustainability in the coffee business.
Governance and Management of Coastal Zones. Algarve (Portugal): A Historical View of the Impacts of Seaside Tourism
Authors: de Freitas Joana Gaspar , Alveirinho Dias João
Published: September 2019

The aim of this paper is to present an example of the contribution of environmental historical research as a tool base for policy-making and coastal management. Based on an analysis of the tourist phenomenon in the Algarve, and using the Spanish experience as a point of comparison, it presents a consideration of the complex political, economic and social processes that led to the support of a kind of tourism, which was, in part, responsible for the environmental problems of those regions. Research shows that different perceptions, values and uses concerning coastal areas determined the strategies and the solutions adopted in the governance and management of these spaces. The impact of human ideas and practices shaped coastal environments and produced unintended side-effects (e.g. coastal erosion), forcing people to take new actions. The history of these human-environment relationships should not be ignored by those who have responsibilities in coastal issues as it offers insights about the inherited status and what failed or succeeded in terms of management.

This article was published open access under a CC BY-NC 4.0 licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Design and experiments of a feedback energy circuit for the active suspensions with an electromagnetic linear actuator
Authors: Shi Yan , Lin Cong , Lu Bin
Published: September 2019

Electromagnetic linear actuator (EMLA) is an alternative of the conventional damper in vehicle suspensions and harvests suspensions vibration energy which is wasted generally. Due to large variations of its Back Electromotive Force (Back-EMF), it will thus be interest to investigate how to recycle the electricity efficiently. In this paper, to improve the recycling efficiency of the EMLA, a feedback energy circuit featured with combination of parallel switchover supercapacitors technology and a boost-buck DC-DC converter is proposed on the basis of the generating characteristics of a newly designed EMLA. By modeling the feedback energy circuit, its dynamic characteristics are simulated and its efficiency is investigated. The results of simulations and experiments show that the feedback energy circuit can achieve a wide range of energy recovery regardless of large variations of Back-EMF induced by the EMLA. Simultaneously, by keeping the boost-buck ratio less than 3, the efficiency of energy recovery is high, in some cases could reach 94%.
Predictors for delayed linguistic skills in very preterm infants
Authors: Resch M. , Bresele S. , Kager K. , Pupp Peglow U. , Griesmaier E. , Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U.
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND:

Preterm-born children are at higher risk for impaired linguistic abilities than are their term-born peers. The aim of the current study was to determine early predictors for delayed linguistic skills in very preterm-born preschool children.

METHODS:

Between January 2005 and November 2010 all very preterm infants born at < 32 weeks gestation in Tyrol were prospectively enrolled ( n = 421); 248 of them had a detailed examination at the age of five years including cognitive assessment (Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, third edition (WPPSI-III) or Snijders-Oomen Nonverbal Intelligence Tests (SON-R)) as well as a screening test for language skills (Bielefelder screening for early diagnosis of reading problems and weak spelling (BISC)). The association between pre-and postnatal factors and poor performance on the BISC assessment was analyzed by means of logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS:

Of the 248 children 79 (31.8%) showed delayed literacy precursor skills. Male sex, gestational age, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) grades 3–4 and low maternal education were predictive for delayed linguistic skills at 5 years of age in the multivariate analysis.

CONCLUSION:

This study identified predictors for delayed literacy precursor skills. These data support the finding that in very preterm infants pre-and perinatal as well as sociodemographic factors account for linguistic skills in the preschool period.
Resepsi Terhadap Alquran Dalam Riwayat Hadis
Authors: Fadlillah Nilna
Published: September 2019

Pembacaan Alquran yang dilakukan oleh umat Islam tidak hanya bertujuan untuk beribadah atau kepentingan akhirat semata, akan tetapi juga memiliki kepentingan lain. Di satu sisi terdapat pembacaan yang bersifat formal-subtantif yaitu pembacaan yang dilakukan dalam konteks ibadah yang lebih berorientasi pada keuntungan atau pahala akhirat. Di sisi lain, pembacaan Alquran juga dilakukan secara fungsional yang orientasi keuntungannya lebih bersifat duniawi. Fenomena pembacaan Alquran dalam berbagai bentuknya ini masuk dalam salah satu bidang kajian living Qur’an atau resepsi Alquran. Dalam tulisan ini, peneliti akan berusaha melihat beragam resepsi dalam Alquran dengan menjadikan hadis sebagai objek formal penelitian. Dengan memetakan riwayat-riwayat tentang resepsi Alquran yang dilakukan oleh generasi awal Islam yang terekam dalam riwayat hadis, selanjutnya tulisan ini juga akan melihat proses transmisi dan tranformasi riwayat hadis sehingga sampai saat ini resepsi Alqurantetap eksis dan variatif.
Relasi Estetika dengan Kebenaran: Kajian Integrasi Teori Simetri Sains Fisika dan Al-Qur’an
Authors: Nur Afrizal , Putra Imansyah
Published: September 2019

Dalam artikel ini dijelaskan bagaimana kaitan antara kebenaran dan keindahan, tentunya keterkaitannya sangatlah erat dalam perkembangan sains modern, khususnya dalam kajian ilmu fisika. Bahasa keindahan itu dalam fisika diungkap dalam formulasi matematis teori grup dan ungkapan simetri-simetrinya. Ada sebuah ungkapan dalam fisika kontemporer bahwa hukum fisika didikte oleh simetri yang berati simetri yang merupakan bahasa keindahan dalam sains menentukan sebuah strategi bagi sains untuk merunut hukum baru yang lebih mempunyai skala aceptabilitas yang luas. Kenyataan ini memberikan sebuah pengayaan wacanan sangat luas bagaimana integrasi sains dan agama adalah sebuah keniscayaan penting, meningkat elemen penting yang sangat dihargai internalisasinya dalam agama adalah keindahan. Dalam kajian ini juga diberikan tinjauan soal konsep keindahan dalam Islam dan interelasinya yang erat dengan kebenaran. Oleh karena itu integrasi sains dan agama dapat dipandang sebagai sebuah jalan mencapai keindahan tertinggi yang berarti usaha mencapai kebenaran tertinggi. Suatu hal yang merupakan bagian penting dari pandangan universal manusia.
Kontroversi Islam Revisionis : David S. Powers, Zayd Ibn H}a>rithah dan Tertutupnya Pintu Kenabian
Authors: Qadafy Mu’ammar Zayn
Published: September 2019

Artikel ini mendeskripsikan kontroversi buku David S. Powers yang berjudul “Muhammad is Not the Father of Any of Your Men: The Making of The Last Prophet”, salah satu masterpiece dari seorang akademisi yang ingin merevisi sejarah Islam dari versi yang biasa dipahami umat Islam. Buku ini juga menjadi salah satu karya revisionis yang mendapatkan paling banyak atensi berupa pujian sekaligus kritik. Review-review atas buku Powers tersebut juga dijadikan referensi utama dalam artikel ini.Dengan menguraikan dasar argumentasi Power beserta tanggapan para pemerhati sejarah Islam awal, artikel ini ingin menunjukkan bahwa dalam asumsinya yang paling mendasar sekalipun, karya Powers -dan karya revisionis lain- memiliki kelemahan metodologis: (1) asumsi dasar Powers tentang “genealogi kenabian” dan “doktrin tertutupnya pintu kenabian dalam Islam” muncul dari keyakinannya tentang adanya pola khas yang sama di antara agama-agama samawi. Usahanya untuk menemukan pola khas ini menjadikan Power apatis terhadap reliabilitas sumber Islam tradisional dan secara membabi buta menganggap semuanya fiksi dan fabula; (2) Percobaan intertekstualisasi yang dilakukan Powers terlalu absurd dan tidak apple to apple karena menggunakan dokumen sejarah di millennium kedua sebelum masehi untuk membaca sejarah di abad ke-7 Masehi; (3) rekonstruksi kodikologis Powers terhadap kata kallah vis a vis kala>lah gagal menjelaskan logika kebahasaan di balik amnesia leksikografik massal terhadap kata pertama dan muncul dengan tiba-tibanya kata kedua. Powers juga mengenyampingkan temuan lain bahwa kata kala>lah sudah dipakai sejak zaman Pra-Islam dan bahwa perbaikan manuskrip al-Qur’an yang ia temukan semata-mata hanyalah sejenis haplografi saja.
Posisi Al-Qur`an DalamIntegrasi Ilmu : Telaah Terhadap Pemikiran Kuntowijoyo dan M. Dawam Rahardjo
Authors: Wardani Wardani
Published: September 2019

The integration of knowledge has become a central issue emerging among scholars in Indonesian Islamic universities. Some ideas have been proposed to make “bridge” between religious and secular knowledge, as we can see, for instance, in the thought of Kuntowijoyo on “prophetic social sciences”, M. Dawam Rahardjo on “decolonization of social sciences”, M. Amin Abdullah on “spider web of knowledge”, and Mulyadhi Kartanegara on “holistic reconstruction of knowledge”.The researches conducted so far have not touched the core problem in all these proposed ideas yet, namely the place of the Qur`an as a revelation in the integration of knowledge. In fact, the Qur`an constitutes a source of knowledge and, at the same time, an inspiring and guiding scripture, for Moslem’s beliefs, praactices, and thought. Therefore, neglecting the Qur`an in constructing Moslem’s thought on the integration of knowledge will make our understanding the issue artificial. The present article is aimed at studying the thought of Kuntowijoyo and M. Dawam Rahardjo by focusing the discussion on main points: firstly, on the place the Qur`an in the integration of knowledge (as inspiration,source of knowledge, or starting point in building theory) (and the present author will describe data as they are); secondly, intellectual and social background that play important role behind the ideasand modes of use of the Qur`an for intellectual enterprises (and the present author will go into deep analysis on factors or contexts in which the ideas formed); thirdly, the originality, strength, and weakness of the ideas (and the present author will examine the ideas in accordance with some standards).
国有企业构建学习型组织的重要原因和主要措施
Authors: 张 扬 , 张 芮菡
Published: September 2019

当今时代,是一个信息万变、稍逊即逝的学习型时代。“学习者胜,学习者强”已成为每一位需要更多的知識和能力应对越来越多挑战的职场人士的共识。只有学习,才能不被时代所淘汰；只有学习,才能从容面对知识和信息爆炸的时代。因此,研究企业组织如何适应新的知识经济环境、增强自身的竞争能力、延长组织的寿命成为世界企业界和理论界关注的焦点。在这样大背景下,提出了构建学习型组织的具体措施,正是适应了这一时代的要求。
把握命题特点 探究解题规律——2019年高考全国文综Ⅰ卷思想政治学科第38题探析
Authors: 朱 明军
Published: September 2019

2019年高考全国文综Ⅰ卷思想政治学科试题紧扣党和国家的理论创新成果,注重学生核心素养的培养,突出社会生活中的重大主题,引导学生关注社会和关注生活,强调思维品质和过程,在完成对学生基本能力和知识评价的同时,做到了对学生思维创新和能力创新的全面考查,反映了思想政治学科的独特育人价值。本文就以2019年高考全国文综Ⅰ卷思想政治学科第38题为例探析思想政治学科非选择试题的命题特点和解题策略。
Acuerdo de partenariado económico UE-Japón
Authors: De la Unión Europea Subdirección General de Política Comercial
Published: September 2019

El 1 de febrero de 2019 entró en vigor el Acuerdo de Libre Comercio entre la Unión Europea y Japón, también conocido como Acuerdo de Asociación Económica o EPA (Economic Partnership Agreement, por sus siglas en inglés).

La UE y Japón suman alrededor de la cuarta parte del PIB mundial. El EPA constituye un acuerdo amplio, ambicioso y profundo, que va más allá de las cuestiones de acceso al mercado y que facilitará e impulsará los intercambios comerciales y de inversión entre las dos regiones, con el fin último de contribuir positivamente al crecimiento y a la generación de empleo.
TEPUNG DAUN SINGKONG (Monihot utilissima) TUA SEBAGAI SUMBER PROTEIN ALTERNATIF DALAM FORMULA PAKAN IKAN LELE (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Syahrizal Syahrizal , Ghofur Muarofah , Safratilofa . , Sam Rahmat
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe feed as a source of energy for the growth of fish is a component of the most important costs 40-89% and the quality should be good. The solution is through research. Research in the form of meal cassava leaves (Monihot utilissima) parents as a source of alternative protein substitute for fish meal in feed formulation catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The design used Complete Random Design with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. The results showed that for the growth and the survival between treatments were not significant (P <0.5), meaning that all treatments were no differences can be categorized and feed ingredients of flour cassava leaves can replace most of the presence of meal fish  in fish feed formulas African catfish. Growth of the best catfish are on treatment A (55% meal cassava leaf: 00% fish meal) with daily growth of 8.27 grams was 2.61% and the B (40%% meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish) 5.28 gram with daily growth is 1.86%, followed by C (15%%  meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish ) 1:51% and D (0% meal cassava leaves : 55% meal fish ) 1:33%. Catfish survival rate was not significant (P <0.5), and relatively equally well A (96.17%), B (94.77) and C (95.92) and the best in treatment for D (96.37 ). As users are advised to wear formulations in treatment B (40% meal fish and 15%  meal cassava leaves old). Keywords: Catfish, Ffeed, Meal fish, Meal cassava leaves AbstrakPakan sebagai sumber energi bagi pertumbuhan ikan  merupakan komponen biaya yang paling besar 40-89%  dan kualitasnya harus baik. Solusinya melalui penelitian. Penelitian berupa tepung daun  singkong (Monihot utilissima) tua sebagai sumber protein alternatif penganti tepung ikan dalam formulasi pakan ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus). Rancangan digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa untuk pertumbuhan dan kelulusan hidup antar perlakuan tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), artinya semua perlakuan  tidak ada perbedaan dan dapat dikatagorikan bahan pakan dari tepung daun singkong dapat mengantikan sebagian keberadaan tepung ikan dalam formula pakan ikan lele dumbo. Pertumbuhan ikan lele terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan A (55% tepung daun singkong : 00% tepung ikan) 8,27 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 2.61% dan  pada B (40%  % tepung daun singkong : 15% tepung ikan) 5,28 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 1.86%, diikuti C (15% % tepung daun singkong :15% tepung ikan) 1.51% dan D (0 % tepung daun singkong : 55% tepung ikan) 1.33%. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan lele tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), dan  relatif sama baiknya A (96,17%), B (94,77) dan C (95,92) dan terbaik pada perlakuan untuk D (96,37). Sebagai pengguna disarankan memakai formulasi pada perlakuan B (40% Tepung ikan dan 15% tepung daun singkong tua). Kata kunci: Ikan lele, Pakan, Tepung ikan, Tepung  Daun Singkong Tua
OPTIMASI KUALITAS PAKAN DENGAN FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM4) BAGI PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI BENIH IKAN PATIN (Pangasianodon hypophtalmus)
Authors: Syahrizal Syahrizal , Safratilofa Safratilofa , Wahyuni Wahyu
Published: September 2019

Catfish (Pangasius hypopthalmus) is widely cultivated in floating net cages, floating net and kept in the ponds. Efforts to accelerate growth must be through improving the quality of food. Alternative can be done by improving the composition of feed by fermentation with Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM4) so that the composition of protein and fat in the feed to be optimal. The research design used was complete randomized design (RAL) 4 (four) treatment 3 (three) replications with Anova anlisis. Treatment P0 without EM4 (control), P1 EM4 0.5 ml, P2 1 ml, and P3 1.5 ml. The results of the best daily average growth of catfish were significantly different (P <0.5%) P1 1.89 gram followed by P2 1.86 gram, P3 1.84 gram, and P0 1.77 gram. Absolute growth P1 1.23 gram, P2 1.20 gram, P3 1.16 gram and P0 1.05 gram. The survival of catfish can be categorized either because it is at a death rate above 95%. Normal feed conversion 0.77% - 1.85%. best P1 0.77% and low P0 1.85%, P2 1.24% and P3 1.77%. The quality of water is relatively normal during temperature experiment 26.5oC, pH 7.98, DO 5.68 ppm, NH3 0.085 -0.24 ppm, and CO2 0.26 ppm.Keyword: Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM4), Feed and Catfish AbstrakIkan patin (Pangasius hypopthalmus) banyak dibudidayakan dalam keramba jaring apung, hapa dan  di kolam-kolam. Upaya untuk percepatan pertumbuhan harus melalui perbaikan mutu makanan. Alternatif dapat dilakukan dengan cara perbaikan komposisi pakan melalui fermentasi dengan Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM4) agar komposisi  protein dan lemak dalam pakan menjadi optimal. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 4 (empat) perlakuan 3 (tiga) ulangan dengan anlisis Anova. Perlakuan P0 tanpa EM4 (kontrol), P1 EM4 0,5 ml,  P2 1 ml, dan P3 1,5 ml. Hasil penelitian pertumbuhan harian terbaik rata-rata ikan patin berbeda nyata (P<0,5%) P1 1,89  gram diikuti P2 1,86 gram, P3 1,84 gram dan  P0 1,77 gram.  Pertumbuhan mutlak P1 1.23 gram, P2 1.20 gram, P3 1.16 gram dan P0 1.05 gram.  Kelangsungan hidup ikan patin dapat dikatagorikan baik karena berada pada tingkat kematian diatas 95%.  Konversi pakan normal 0.77% – 1.85%. terbaik P1 0.77% dan yang rendah P0 1.85%,  P2 1.24% dan P3 1.77%. Kualitas air relatif normal selama percobaan  suhu 26.5oC, pH 7.98, DO 5.68 ppm, NH3 0,085 -0,24 ppm, dan CO2  0,26  ppm.Kata Kunci : Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM4), Pakan  dan  Ikan Patin
Teknologi Ekstraksi Bunga Kenanga (Cananga Odorata L.) dan Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon Nardus L. ) Sebagai Aroma Terapi Sabun Cair
Authors: Anggia Malse , Mutiar Sri , Arziah Dewi
Published: September 2019

Essential oils are used as raw materials in various industries. Plants containing essential oils are flower kenanga and citronella fragrance. This study aims to create prototype of essential oil distillation equipment. Essential oils obtained from the prototype, then tested as an aroma therapy in liquid soap. The result of oil refining has been done several experiments by using citronella fragrance and kenanga flower. Device productivity goes well. This is indicated by the oil obtained from lemongrass and kenanga oil in the process of distillation. The resulting volatile oil is applied to the manufacture of liquid soap. Yield oil yields were 0.22%. and the fragrant lemongrass obtained is 0.12%. Based on the organoletic test on the resulting soap product, the average of the color is 3.7 (likes), the viscosity is 3.55 (likes), the aroma is 3.05 (regular) and the 3.55 foam (likes) on the kenanga aroma soy while the average color is 4.05 (like) viscosity 3.1 (regular), aroma 3.05 (regular) and foam 3.45 (likes) on liquid soap the aroma of citronella perfume. Keywords : Essential oil; Extraction; Lemongrass;  Soap