bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENTRE SONHOS E CRISES: ESQUADRINHANDO OS IMPACTOS DA PANDEMIA POR COVID-19 NA VIDA DE PÓS-GRADUANDAS(OS) BRASILEIRAS(OS)
Authors: Leite Maria Laís dos Santos , Torres Geovane Gesteira Sales , Cunha Rocelly Dayane Teotonio da
Published: January 2021

A pandemia por Covid-19 tem agravado as crises socioeconômicas modernas e possibilitado vislumbrar com maior nitidez as antinomias já existentes no seio das sociedades capitalistas. Nesse hiato, os desafios enfrentados em decorrência da crise pandêmica em curso se evidenciam nas abruptas alterações no cotidiano moderno, produzidas e sentidas de diferentes modos, dadas as modificações no planejamento das ações pessoais, coletivas e institucionais. As necessárias medidas de suspensão de atividades presenciais e reestruturação e/ou cancelamento do calendário acadêmico tomadas pelas universidades brasileiras, em consonância com as autoridades de saúde nacionais e internacionais, desencadearam mudanças na vida de mestrandas(os) e doutorandas(os) no país, uma categoria que apesar de ser comumente vista como privilegiada tem sofrido diversas iniquidades nos últimos anos. Nesta conjuntura, estabelecemos como objetivo analisar os impactos da pandemia da Covid-19, na vida de estudantes de pós-graduação stricto sensu no Brasil. A pesquisa se caracteriza como quantiqualitativa e a coleta de dados foi realizada virtualmente, através do SurveyMonkey e recebeu 114 respostas válidas, 71,93% destas efetivadas por mulheres. A faixa etária das(os) participantes variou de 22 a 60 anos com naturalidade de 17 diferentes estados brasileiros. Dentre os resultados destacamos que quando analisadas as médias de horas dedicadas pelas(os) participantes às atividades antes e durante a pandemia, as mulheres antes da pandemia já demonstravam uma carga horária média de 13h a mais que os homens e que as horas dedicadas as atividades domésticas durante a pandemia aumentaram em média 6h para elas.
EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA EM ESCOLAS DA REDE PÚBLICA DO MUNICÍPIO DE ARENÁPOLIS/MT: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM EM MATEMÁTICA COM ALUNOS DE MÚLTIPLAS DEFICIÊNCIAS
Authors: Bernardino Janaina da Silva Costa , Negreiros Cláudia Landin , Ferreira Lucimar Luisa
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo é apresentada uma experiência de ensino e aprendizagem em Matemática na educação infantil e no ensino fundamental 2, envolvendo uma aluna com Deficiências Múltiplas (DM) e um aluno com Síndrome de Down (SD). Uma investigação de natureza qualitativa, do tipo descritivo e análise bibliográfica e documental, cujo objetivo é discutir as experiências em sala de aula com alunos de múltiplas deficiências. Os dados foram produzidos em dois momentos. No primeiro, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica acerca do tema da educação especial em artigos científicos, livros e outros materiais concernentes a esse tema. No segundo, apresentou-se a narrativa sobre as duas experiências, sendo elas, DM e SD. O referencial teórico que sustenta as análises refere-se à educação especial, à educação inclusiva, ao ensino da Matemática na educação especial, e outros. A narrativa evidenciou resultados que indicaram que nem sempre as práticas desenvolvidas permitiram uma participação ativa dos deficientes nas aulas, e também aponta um possível caminho para criar uma Educação Matemática mais inclusiva.
(RE)INVENÇÕES CURRICULARES E COTIDIANAS: A DIVERSIDADE POSTA EM PRÁTICA
Authors: Mattos Maria Alice Garcia de , Cruz Cláudia Gomes , Raia Ana Lúcia da Silva , Gomes Mônica da Silva
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo destacar a relevância de personalidades negras adentrarem o currículo escolar a fim de diversificá-lo tendo em vista que a maioria de personalidades e autores propagados cânones é composta por sujeitos não negros. O percurso metodológico se constituiu no levantamento bibliográfico das obras e biografias de personalidades apontadas pelo texto, bem como na análise da bibliografia que trata da temática curricular com vistas à decolonialidade e à Educação antirracista.  Entendendo que a consideração com a diversidade étnico-racial é um princípio do ensino previsto na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional nº 9.394/96, visamos, com este trabalho, compreender a importância de esta não ficar restrita aos discursos, mas se apresentar nas ações cotidianas que se estabelecem nos espaços escolares. Para tanto, apresentaremos alguns exemplos de personalidades negras e suas respectivas contribuições para ratificar o que Gomes (2012) salienta sobre a necessidade de descolonizar o pensamento e, consequentemente, os currículos escolares.
VALIDAÇÃO DE SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA A PARTIR DE UMA QUESTÃO SOCIOCIENTÍFICA SOBRE DESMATAMENTO NA PERSPECTIVA CTSA PARA OS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Silva Angélica Fátima dos Santos , Andrade Maria Aparecida da Silva
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo analisamos como professores/as de Ciências em formação inicial e professores da educação básica avaliam uma proposta didática com base em uma Questão Sociocientífica sobre desmatamento na perspectiva CTSA para os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Trata-se de um recorte da pesquisa de conclusão de curso de graduação em Pedagogia realizado entre os anos de 2019 e 2020. Os instrumentos para produção de dados foram: a observação, registros fotográficos e questionários respondidos por licenciandos professores atuantes na educação básica. Podemos destacar que as convergências citadas por ambos os grupos foram referentes a possibilidade da QSC permitirem a reflexões críticas e desenvolver nos estudantes o ideal de participação diante de problemas socioambientais locais. As concepções divergiram em aspectos relacionados a adequação de algumas termos e questões norteadoras e sua adequação para a idade-série em que foi planejada, indicando a possibilidade de ajustes na SD, visando atender a todas as críticas e avaliações apontadas pelos professores para iniciar a sua aplicação em sala de aula. Em suma, todos os participantes afirmaram que a SD permite a mobilização de conteúdos relacionados a CTSA e que é necessário motivar a participação dos alunos nesta idade frente a problemas socioambientais do cotidiano.
A comparative study of liquidity determinants of private and public sector banks
Authors: Bhati Shyam , De Zoysa Anura , Jitaree Wisuttorn
Published: January 2021

India is one of the few countries in the world, which follows a prescriptive regulatory policy for liquidity management in banks. These policies affect different groups of banks in different ways. The main objective of this study is to examine the liquidity determinants of private and public sector banks in India on a comparative basis to assess the effectiveness of liquidity management policies for each type of bank in India. For this purpose, this study analyses the long-term effect of various macroeconomic, microeconomic, and regulatory policies on liquidity management by both groups of banks from 1996 to 2016. The findings of the study show that public sector banks rely on asset-based liquidity, and private sector banks also rely on asset-based liquidity. In the case of both private and public sector banks, this study found a significant relationship between the liquidity and several explanatory variables – call rate, discount rate, cash reserve ratio, capital to total assets, foreign exchange reserve with RBI and Size (LogTA). It also observed that in private banks some factors – LogTA (in L1); CapitalTA (in L1 & L4) and SLR (in L3 & L4) – had a significant positive effect while other factors – Fxreserve and ROE (in L2) – had a significant negative relationship with the liquidity. Similarly, in public banks, some factors – discount rate (in L4); ROE (in L2 & L3) and NPA/Advances (in L4) – had a significant positive effect while other factors – CapitalTA (in L3 & L4); CRR (in L4); NPA/Advances (in L3), and LogTA (in L1) – had a significant negative relationship with the liquidity. The findings of this study question the appropriateness of applying a similar type of regulatory measures for all groups of banks by the regulators for liquidity creation
EFEITOS ANTICOAGULANTE E ANTITROMBÓTICO DE INIBIDORES PROTEOLÍTICOS VEGETAIS
Authors: Pando Silvana Cristina , Salu Bruno Ramos , Pando Luzia Aparecida , Xavier Vinicius Pereira da Silva , NASCIMENTO L. M. , Oliva Maria Luiza Vilela
Published: January 2021

Laura Maria Santos do Nascimento
COVID-19 and intestinal dysbiosis: the proposed mechanism of short-chain fatty acids for preventing cytokine storm and multi-organ failure
Authors: Jardou Manon , Lawson Roland
Published: January 2021

The world is currently facing the COVID-19 pandemic that is taking a
heavy toll on several countries. While many infected patients have a
good prognosis, in some cases the progression can be serious and even
lead to death. The commonly seen complications are a cytokine storm and
multi-organ failure that require intensive care. The mortality of
critically ill patients depends on age (> 65 years), sex
(male) or co-morbidities. There is an urgent need to discover a
biomarker to identify early on patients at risk of developing serious
complications, and to find an effective treatment that could prevent
disease progression and critical states. Recent investigations have
pointed to the possible contribution of intestinal dysbiosis to the
pathophysiology of COVID-19. Herein, we hypothesize that butyrate, a
short-chain fatty acid produced by the gut microbiota, can prevent
immune system activation and disease progression.
Plant community characteristics and degradation mechanisms of the desert riparian zone in the lower reaches of the Ugan River, China
Authors: Z TJ , Chen yaning , Liu Jiazhen , Chen Yongjin
Published: January 2021

The vegetation in the desert riparian zone represents a critical barrier
in the maintenance of the ecosystem’s balance. However, in recent years,
the vegetation degradation of the riparian zone have seriously hindered
economic development and ecological environment conservation. Based on a
field investigation and literature, the mechanisms of vegetation
degradation in the lower reaches of the Ugan River are discussed in this
study through the analysis of plant coverage, diversity, substitution
rate, distribution pattern, grey correlation analysis, and the
relationship with groundwater depth. The results showed that the
vegetation coverage in this region is relatively low when the water
depth exceeds 4 meters. Furthermore, the Shannon-Wiener index, the
Simpson index and the Pielou index have all decreased with increases in
water depth. Woody plants are the main species maintaining the
ecological balance of the region with an aggregation distribution
pattern. The degradation of vegetation is the result of the lack of
water sources and intense water consumption caused by human
activities(especially agricultural). To promote the ecological balance
and vegetation restoration, the relative optimal water depth range can
be maintained within 2 to 5 meters and proper control human
activities.besides the degraded vegetation can gradually be restored
using point and surface (i.e., flowering in the center and spreading to
the surrounding areas).
Species diversity of freshwater shrimp in Henan Province, China, based on morphological characters and COI mitochondrial gene
Authors: Zhou Chuanjiang , Feng Mengxia , Tang Yongtao , Yang Changxing , Meng Xiaolin , Nie Guoxing
Published: January 2021

Freshwater shrimp is an extremely rich species group with a long and
problematic taxonomic history, attributed to its wide distribution,
numerous species and similar morphology. Shrimp diversity and species
identification is utmost important for fisheries management. However,
identification based on morphological characteristics is difficult and
complex for a non-specialist to perform. The water system of Henan
Province is relatively abundant, but there are few investigations of
freshwater shrimps and no description of molecular features. The aim of
this study was to uncover the species diversity and phylogenetic of
freshwater shrimp in Henan province by combining morphological
identification and molecular species delimitation (barcoding gene: COI
gene). About 1,200 freshwater shrimp samples from 46 sampling sites were
collected for preliminary traditional morphological identification, 222
samples of these were been further microscopic examination and molecular
delimitation. Here we used tree based method (NJ, ML) and distance based
method (ABGD, bPTP) mainly to define species, detect the cryptic species
and assess the validity of the barcoding in molecular. Comprehensive
morphological identification and molecular delimitation results, there
were 9 effective species and more than one cryptic species of freshwater
shrimp in the province and moreover all of them can be identified by DNA
barcoding. The results of morphological identification and molecular
identification show high consistency, which proves the high efficiency
in freshwater shrimp species identification of the DNA barcoding and the
presence of cryptic species.
Combining range and phenology shifts offers a winning strategy for boreal Lepidoptera
Authors: Hällfors Maria , Pöyry Juha , Heliölä Janne , Kohonen Ilmari , Kuussaari Mikko , Leinonen Reima , Schmucki Reto , Sihvonen Pasi , Saastamoinen Marjo
Published: January 2021

Species can adapt to climate change by adjusting in situ or by
dispersing to new areas, and these strategies may complement or enhance
each other. Here, we investigate temporal shifts in phenology and
spatial shifts in northern range boundaries for 289 Lepidoptera species
by using long-term data sampled over two decades. While 40% of the
species neither advanced phenology nor moved northward, nearly half
(47%) -used one of the two strategies. The strongest positive
population trends was observed for the minority of species (13%) that
both advanced flight phenology and shifted their northern range
boundaries northward. We show that, for Boreal Lepidoptera, a
combination of phenology and range shifts is the most viable strategy
under a changing climate. Effectively, this may divide species into
winners and losers based on their propensity to capitalize on this
combination, with potentially large consequences on future community
composition.
The Blue Man: Pediatric Diseases with Implications for Adulthood
Authors: Dewan Karuna , MacDonald Charles , Shires Courtney
Published: January 2021

Blue discoloration of the skin and cartilage, or ochronosis, is a rare
physical examination finding. Here are two cases of childhood onset
ochronosis, one exogenous and one endogenous in etiology.
Quaternionic Fock space on slice hyperholomorphic functions
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Sharma S.D. , Manzoor Khalid
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we define the quaternionic Fock spaces F p? of entire slice
hyperholomorphic functions in a quaternionic unit ball B in H: We also study
growth estimates and various results of entire slice regular functions in
these spaces. The work of this paper is motivated by the recent work of [5]
and [26].
Symptom Management in Palliative Medicine
Authors: Selvaggi Kathy J , Abrahm Janet L
Published: January 2021

Palliative care is an interdisciplinary specialty focused on providing comfort, communication, and support for patients, families, and professional caregivers throughout the course of a life-limiting illness. This chapter discusses assessment and treatment of symptoms and disorders that commonly contribute to patient distress during these illnesses: pain, disorders of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, skin disorders, hot flashes, fatigue, pruritis, insomnia, and delirium. This chapter reviews care of the imminently dying patient, discusses methods for assessing patients' symptoms, and provides two examples of valid and reliable symptom measurement systems: the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale and the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale. Achieving symptom control requires the physician to assess patient suffering in all dimensions: physical, psychological, social, and spiritual. The extent of the assessment may be modified, however, based on patients’ prognosis as well as their goals and the burden and benefit of the diagnostic intervention. A 10-step protocol for terminal wean is presented. Signs that patients are entering their final days and symptom management in the last hours of a patient's life are discussed. Tables list the modified Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale; the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale; the DOLOPLUS-2 scale (behavioral pain assessment in the elderly); relative potencies of commonly used opioids; conversions between the transdermal fentanyl patch and morphine; symptomatic treatment for dyspnea, cough, and hiccups; pharmacologic treatment of nausea and vomiting; a progressive bowel regimen for patients receiving opioid therapy; treatments for constipation; etiology-based treatment for oral problems; risk factors for pressure ulcers; and applicable medications for physical and psychological sources of distress near the end of life.
This review contains 12 tables and 120 references
Pain in the Spinal Cord-Injured Patient
Authors: Shah Chirag D. , Rana Maunak V.
Published: January 2021

Management of pain in the spinal cord–injured patient can be a stressful and difficult challenge for both the patient and the physician. In spinal cord injury (SCI), pain can occur immediately or months later, with the potential for persistent pain throughout a lifetime. Unfortunately, pain in this population is often overshadowed or minimized. This is often due to bigger concerns of physical immobility, medical comorbidities, and functional capacity. Achieving pain control leads to a higher likelihood of patients regaining independence in their activities of daily living (ADL), along with providing biopsychosocial benefits to them and their contacts. Using a classification system based on injury acuity, location, and characterized pain state to identify pain generators can help practitioners implement targeted treatment plans. A combination of interventional, physical, pharmacologic, and psychological treatment will help attack the interminable issues that develop along the life span of a patient after injury. Promptly starting treatment will improve our successful management of SCI pain with care that is preventive rather than reactionary.
Management of the Burn Wound
Authors: Gibran Nicole S. , Sterling Jose P. , Heimbach David M.
Published: January 2021

Current approaches to burn management are based on an understanding of the biology and physiology of human skin and the pathophysiology of the burn wound. The clinical evaluation and initial care of a burn wound is described and includes an assessment of burn depth, determining the need for escharatomy and daily burn wound care. Burns can be topical or surgical. Topical burn wounds require choice in the use of antibiotics. Considerations and techniques for surgical burn wound management are described and include early excision and grafting, wound excision, skin grafting, graft and donor-site dressings, postoperative wound care, biologic dressings and skin substitutes, allograft and xenograft skin, cultured epidermal autografts, and skin substitutes. Figures show the two distinct layers of the skin, various types of burns, and both fascial and tangential excision of burn wounds. 
This review contains 12 figures, 11 tables, and 61 references.
Keywords: Burn wound, graft, partial-thickness, full-thickness, dermis, epidermis,  sloughing, dressing
Diagnosis, Etiology, and Treatment of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Authors: Raffi Edwin , Freeman Marlene P.
Published: January 2021

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) was recognized as an official psychiatric diagnosis among depressive disorders in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). The exact etiology of PMDD is not yet fully understood, and it is a topic of current research. The hope is that learning more about PMDD can lead to improved treatment modalities for this disorder and better understanding of other related disorders (such as premenstrual mood exacerbation and postpartum- or menopause-related mood disorders). Often misdiagnosed and likely underdiagnosed, PMDD has a 12-month prevalence that ranges from 1.8 to 5.8% for women who menstruate. Mental health providers who treat women of reproductive age should be familiar with the diagnostic criteria, related differential diagnosis, and available treatment modalities for PMDD.
This review contains 5 figures, 5 tables and 59 references
Key words: mood disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, premenstrual exacerbation, premenstrual syndrome, reproductive mental health, reproductive psychiatry, women’s mental health
Bipolar Disorders and Their Clinical Management, Part II: Diagnosis, Differential Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: DeMuri-Maletic Bernadette , Maletic Vladimir
Published: January 2021

Bipolar disorder is a biologically and phenotypically diverse disorder and its diagnosis and treatment provides a significant challenge to even the most seasoned clinician. We provide an update on the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of bipolar disorder, reflecting recent changes in DSM-5. Our review provides a succinct summary of the treatment literature, encompassing pharmacologic and psychosocial interventions for bipolar depression, mania/hypomania, mixed states, and prevention of disease recurrence. We provide a brief critical review of emerging treatment modalities, including those used in treatment resistance. Challenges involved in maintaining adherence are further discussed. Additionally, we review common treatment adverse effects and provide recommendations for proper side effect monitoring. There is evidence of significant functional impairment in patients with bipolar disorder and we conclude with a discussion of the impact of impairment on prognosis and quality of life.
This review contains 7 tables and 45 references.
Key Words: bipolar disorders, differential diagnosis, maintenance pharmacotherapy, prognosis, psychosocial interventions, treatment, quality of life
Preoperative Evaluation of the Vascular Patient
Authors: Koleilat Issam , Carsten Christopher G.
Published: January 2021

Almost as critical as an operation itself is the preparation of the patient. Although this often includes psychosocial concerns such as expectations of recovery, inpatient stay, and other patient-centered issues, the discussion prior to surgery should not be limited to these factors. A medical assessment of the patient’s fitness and physiologic preparedness for the planned procedure must be performed by the surgeon and the resultant findings and plan reviewed with the patient. Although vascular disease affects multiple organ systems requiring a thorough general preoperative patient assessment, the focus of preoperative risk reduction strategies center on cardiac outcomes. Therefore, this review focuses on cardiac-related interventions with added coverage of preoperative strategies regarding diabetes, pulmonary and renal risk assessment, and infection reduction. Lastly, the perioperative management of anticoagulation/antiplatelet medications and cerebrovascular disease are discussed Techniques and treatments to optimize patients for surgery are integrated into the respective sections, allowing for a primer to guide this critical phase in a patient’s journey through surgery. Tables outline the Revised Cardiac Risk Index, assessment of functional capacity from patient self-reported activities, optimal delay in elective surgery after percutaneous coronary revascularization according to the 2014 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association clinical practice guidelines, Respiratory Failure Risk Index, Szilagyi classification of vascular surgical site infection, and recommendations regarding perioperative management of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents. A suggested algorithm for preoperative cardiac workup and the Cockcroff-Gault equation are provided.
This review contains 2 figures, 6 tables, and 115 references.
Novel Linkage Peaks Discovered for Diabetic Nephropathy in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Haukka Jani , Sandholm Niina , Valo Erkka , Forsblom Carol , Harjutsalo Valma , Cole Joanne B. , McGurnaghan Stuart J. , Colhoun Helen M. , Groop Per-Henrik
Published: January 2021

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and linkage studies have had limited success in identifying genome-wide significantly linked regions or risk loci for diabetic nephropathy (DN) in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). As GWAS cohorts have grown, they have also included more documented and undocumented familial relationships. Here we computationally inferred and manually curated pedigrees in a study cohort of >6,000 individuals with T1D and their relatives without diabetes. We performed a linkage study for 177 pedigrees consisting of 452 individuals with T1D and their relatives using a genome-wide genotyping array with >300,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms and PSEUDOMARKER software. Analysis resulted in genome-wide significant linkage peaks on eight chromosomal regions from five chromosomes (logarithm of odds score >3.3). The highest peak was localized at the HLA region on chromosome 6p, but whether the peak originated from T1D or DN remained ambiguous. Of other significant peaks, the chromosome 4p22 region was localized on top of ARHGAP24, a gene associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, suggesting this gene may play a role in DN as well. Furthermore, rare variants have been associated with DN and chronic kidney disease near the 4q25 peak, localized on top of CCSER1.
Productivity Benefits of Preventing Type 2 Diabetes in Australia: A 10-Year Analysis
Authors: Menon Kirthi , de Courten Barbora , Liew Danny , Ademi Zanfina , Owen Alice J. , Magliano Dianna J. , Zomer Ella
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

Diabetes imposes a heavy burden on both health and productivity. In this study, we sought to estimate the potential productivity gains associated with the prevention of type 2 diabetes over the next 10 years in Australia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Dynamic life table models were constructed to estimate years of life lived and productivity-adjusted life-years (PALYs) lived by Australians aged 20–69 years over the period from 2020 to 2029. The models distinguished people with and without type 2 diabetes. PALYs were ascribed a financial value equivalent to gross domestic product (GDP) per full-time worker in Australia (∼200,000 Australian dollars [AUD]). The model simulation was first undertaken assuming currently expected trends in the incidence of type 2 diabetes and then repeated assuming hypothetically that the incidence was reduced. The difference between the modeled outputs reflected the impact of new cases of type 2 diabetes on productivity as well as the potential benefits of prevention. An annual 5% discount rate was applied to all outcomes.

RESULTS

Over the next decade, 140 million years of life and 87 million PALYs will be lived by Australians of working age, contributing AUD 18.0 trillion to the country’s GDP. A 10% reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes would result in a gain of 2,510 PALYs and AUD 532 million in GDP.

CONCLUSIONS

This study illustrates the health and economic impact of type 2 diabetes and the gains that could be potentially achieved from the implementation of effective prevention strategies. However, cost-effectiveness evaluations of these prevention strategies are needed.
Thirty-Year Trends in Complications in U.S. Adults With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Fang Michael , Selvin Elizabeth
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To assess the prevalence of and trends in complications among U.S. adults with newly diagnosed diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We included 1,486 nonpregnant adults (aged ≥20 years) with newly diagnosed diabetes (diagnosed within the past 2 years) from the 1988–1994 and 1999–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We estimated trends in albuminuria (albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g), reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2), retinopathy (any retinal microaneurysms or blot hemorrhages), and self-reported cardiovascular disease (history of congestive heart failure, heart attack, or stroke).

RESULTS

From 1988–1994 to 2011–2018, there was a significant decrease in the prevalence of albuminuria (38.9 to 18.7%, P for trend <0.001) but no change in the prevalence of reduced eGFR (7.5 to 9.9%, P for trend = 0.30), retinopathy (1988–1994 to 1999–2008 only; 13.2 to 12.1%, P for trend = 0.86), or self-reported cardiovascular disease (19.0 to 16.5%, P for trend = 0.64). There were improvements in glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control in the population, and these partially explained the decline in albuminuria. Complications were more common at the time of diabetes diagnosis for adults who were older, lower income, less educated, and obese.

CONCLUSIONS

Over the past three decades, there have been encouraging reductions in albuminuria and risk factor control in adults with newly diagnosed diabetes. However, the overall burden of complications around the time of the diagnosis remains high.
Ornamentale Oberflächen. Spurensuche zu einem ästhetischen Phänomen des Stummfilms
Authors: Echle Evelyn , Echle Evelyn
Published: January 2021

Die visuellen Welten des Stummfilms sind vielfach durch ornamentale Oberflächen geprägt: Interieurs wie Vorhänge, Teppiche, Tapeten, Möbel, Lampen und ebenso Kostüme. Neben der Funktion als Schmuck im diegetischen Raum erfasst das Ornamentale auch die Beziehung zwischen Figur und Umgebung sowie die Komposition des Filmbildes als Ganzes. Galt das Ornament lange als ‹konservative› Form, so hat sich die ihm innewohnende Abstraktionskraft als ein Prinzip der Moderne erwiesen. Entsprechend zeichnet die Studie an ausgewählten Fallbeispielen film- und stilhistorisch nach, welche Rolle ornamentgeprägte Filmbilder für die Ausformung einer innovativen Filmsprache spielten und welche Ideen des zeitgenössischen Ornament-Diskurses sich in Kunst- und Filmtheorie damit verbinden. Das Buch zeigt, wie Prinzipien des Ornamentierens – vom Kino um 1910 bis hin zur Hochphase der Avantgarde in den 1920er Jahren – in die Inszenierung des Verhältnisses von Fläche und Raum eingreifen und eine neuartige Qualität des filmisch Visuellen schaffen.
Blik på Balkan
Authors: Nielsen Christian Axboe
Published: January 2021

Balkan – eller Sydøsteuropa – med deres mange omstridte geografiske betegnelser – er og bliver et spændende og aktuelt område. Dette er introduksjonen til et særnummer om Balkan.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA TERHADAP PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA PADA BUAH PEPAYA
Authors: Awaludin Muhammad Asep , Efri Efri , Sudiono Sudiono
Published: January 2021

Pepaya merupakan tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai fungisida nabati.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun pepaya terhadap pertumbuhan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides secara in-vitro dan intensitas penyakit antraknosa pada buah pepaya secara in-vivo.  Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri atas tujuh perlakuan dan empat ulangan.  Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam selanjutnya nilai tengah dibandingkan dan diuji dengan uji beda nyata terkecil pada taraf 5% dan uji polinomial pada taraf 5%.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata dari ekstrak daun pepaya dan fungisida sintetik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan koloni C. gloeosporioides, keterjadian penyakit, dan laju perkembangan penyakit antraknosa pada buah pepaya.  Ekstrak daun pepaya menunjukan pola yang linier dari hasil uji polinomial terhadap diameter koloni C. gloeosporioides dan laju perkembangan penyakit.  Ekstrak daun pepaya menghambat pertumbuhan koloni jamur C. gloeosporioides pada 2 sampai 7 hsi (hari setelah inokulasi), keterjadian penyakit pada 5 dan 6 hsa (hari setelah aplikasi), maupun laju perkembangan penyakit antraknosa pada buah pepaya.  Tetapi ekstrak daun pepaya tidak menghambat kerapatan spora, perkecambahan spora, dan keparahan penyakit.
PENGARUH SISTEM OLAH TANAH DAN PEMUPUKAN N JANGKA PANJANG TERHADAP RESPIRASI TANAH PADA PERTANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L.) DI LAHAN POLITEKNIK NEGERI LAMPUNG TAHUN KE-29
Authors: Putri Dwi Anggraini , Yusnaini Sri , Utomo Muhajir , Niswati Ainin
Published: January 2021

Respirasi tanah merupakan indikator penting pada suatu ekosistem, meliputi seluruh aktivitas mikroorganisme yang berkenan dengan proses metabolisme di dalam tanah, dekomposisi bahan organik dalam tanah, dan konversi bahan organik tanah menjadi CO2.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh sistem olah tanah terhadap  respirasi tanah, mempelajari pengaruh pemupukan N terhadap  respirasi tanah, mempelajari interaksi Sistem Olah Tanah pemupukan N terhadap respirasi tanah.Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 4 ulangan.  Faktor pertama adalah sistem olah tanah (T) yaitu T0= Tanpa Olah Tanah dan T1= Olah Tanah Intensif, faktor kedua adalah pemupukan nitrogen jangka panjang (N) yaitu N0= 0 kg N/ha dan N1= 50 kg N/ha.Data ini dianalisis menggunakan anara dilanjutkan uji BNT taraf nyata 5%.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respirasi tanah pada olah tanah intensif lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa olah tanah pada pengamatan H+6, H+18,H+54dan H+72  namun, tidak pada pengamatan H+2 dan H+4, respirasi tanah pada pemupukan N lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa pemupukan N, tidak terjadi interaksi antara sistem olah tanah dan pemupukan N dalam meningkatkan respirasi tanah.
Monitoring and support optimization analysis of surrounding rock pressure and initial supporting stress in deep-buried soft rock tunnel
Authors: Liu Q. , Li R. , Tian W. , Wang Y. , Li X.
Published: January 2021

Attempting at the problems of surrounding rock pressure and initial supporting stress of deep-buried soft rock tunnel, a soft rock highway tunnel project in Northwest China was monitored on-site for surrounding rock deformation, surrounding rock pressure, initial stress and other items.Discuss the deformation laws and stress characteristics of surrounding rock and steel arch at different construction stages, and compare and analyze the deformation control effect of surrounding rock with different initial lining thickness, different initial elastic modulus and different anchor length through numerical simulation.The results show that the excavation stage of the upper step is a stage where the pressure and deformation of the surrounding rock increase rapidly. The steel arch support is mainly compressed, and the average stress can reach more than 50% of the peak value within 5 days. The stress is mostly higher than the measuring point of the lower step. The initial steel frame support of the upper step and the middle step bears a greater load. The excavation of the upper middle step should be "passed quickly and supported in time", and the construction should adopt The “letting first,then resisting” method appropriately increases the reserved deformation of the surrounding rock to relieve the support stress of the primary steel frame. When the deformation of the surrounding rock and the growth rate of the surrounding rock pressure slow down, the secondary lining can be applied in advance. The research results can provide reference and reference for the design and construction of similar tunnel projects.
KEKERASAN DI MEDIA SOSIAL PADA MAHASISWA PERGURUAN TINGGI ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF GENDER
Authors: Natasha Harum
Published: January 2021

Tidak dapat ditolak bahwa media social menjadi bagian penting dalam kehidupan sekarang. Semua aktifitas baik positif dan negatif dapat di posting ke media sosial. Terlepas darai tujuannyaa media social mempengerauhi pembaca sehingga memungkinkana untuk terjadinya pelecehan dan kekerasan. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan secara kuantitatif perbandingan bentuk kekerasan di media sosial pada mahasiswa dan mahasiswi perguruan tinggi Islam. Responden penelitian adalah 40 orang mahasiswa-i yang diambil secara acak dengan teknik by accident tanpa mempertimbangkan jurusan dan semesternya. Data dikumpulkan dengan menyebarkan angket berupa skala likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswi lebih banyak menggunakan media sosial dibandingkan mahasiswa.
KONSELING PRANIKAH BERPERSPEKTIF GENDER PADA LEMBAGA (BP4) UNTUK MENURUNKAN TINGKAT PERCERAIAN
Authors: Bakhtiar Nurhasanah , Mainizar Mainizar , Rahima MRA Raja , Hasgimianti Hasgimianti , Irawati Irawati
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi pelaksanaan konseling pranikah bagi calon pengantin oleh BP4 Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan partisipatory action research. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Objek sasaran terdiri dari 14 orang panitia penyelenggara konseling pranikah.Data-data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Temuan penelitian didapati bahwa pelaksanaan konseling pranikah bagi calon pengantin oleh BP4 Kota Pekanbaru terdiri dari dua program yaitu pertama program regular yang didanai oleh Kementrian Agama Kota Pekanbaru, kedua program mandiri yang biayanya ditanggung oleh peserta (calon pengantin). Pelaksanaan konseling pranikah bagi calon pengantin oleh BP4 kota Pekanbaru belum berwawasan gender. Materi-materi yang termuat dalam buku panduan bimbingan pranikah belum bermuatan gender baik sebagai satu pokok bahasan khusus, ataupun dalam penjelasan. Begitu juga dalam penyampaian materi oleh instruktur, tidak ada terlihat muatan-muatan gender secara eksplisit
PERAN ORANG TUA MENGATASI MASALAH REMAJA PENGHIRUP LEM
Authors: Diniaty Amirah , Ernita Mahdar , Afrida Afrida , Amperawan Dody Leyno , Susanti Emilia
Published: January 2021

Tulisan ini menjelaskan upaya orang tua dalam menangani perilaku remaja menghirup lem atau dikenal dengan istilah "ngelem". Lokasi penelitian di desa Kualu Nenas perbatasan kota Pekanbaru dan Kabupaten Kampar. Metode penelitian participatory action research. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara pada orang tua dan aparat desa, ditindaklanjuti dengan bimbingan orangtua yang memiliki remaja berperilaku “ngelem”. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orang tua belum peduli dan menganggap remeh kebiasaan remaja menghirup lem. Mereka tidak menyadari akibat buruk dari kebiasaan menghirup lem pada remaja. Peneliti membicarakan dengan orangtua dan melatih mereka untuk berperilaku yang tepat kepada remaja sehingga dapat menghentikan perilaku menghirup lem tersebut. Diperlukan kesadaran masyarakat untuk mencegah remaja sehingga berhenti ngelem, karena perilaku tersebut berdampak secara sosial, fisik, dan psikis pada remaja
NILAI-NILAI GENDER DALAM PERSPEKTIF HISTORI PEWARISAN DARI ERA PRA ISLAM HINGGA ERA ISLAM
Authors: Beddu Muhammad Juni
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendalami nilai-nilai gender dalam perspektif histori pewarisan yang difokuskan pada era pra Islam hingga era Islam. Metode yang di gunakan dalam kaijian ini yaitu methode library reseach. Sebagai kontribusinya adalah memberikan informasi tentang sistem pewarisan era pra Islam, dimana anak laki-laki yang belum dewasa dan anak perempuan dan kaum perempuan tidak berhak mendapat warisan dari harta peninggalan. Mirisnya lagi, di era pra Islam orang beranggapan, bahwa janda dari orang yang meninggal juga dipandang warisan yang boleh berpindah tangan dari si ayah kepada anaknya. Setelah datang era Islam ketetapan hukumnya berbeda, pihak perempuan berhak mendapatkan warisan, bahkan sejak masih dalam kandungan, sebagaimana di tegaskan dalam surah An Nisaa ayat 7, tanpa melihat gender. Sejalan dengan waktu maka bermunculan masalah fiqh kontemporer terutama dalam hal warisan tanpa melihat gender karena sudah menjadi ketetapan Allah SWT dalam Al Quran, termasuk kadar bagian-bagiannya
MAKING SENSE OF FEMALE STUDENTS FOR LEADERSHIP AT STAIN KUDUS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri
Published: January 2021

This paper explores the concepts, opportunities and challenges of female students leadership in STEC (STAIN English Club), STAIN Kudus. A qualitative study is conducted in this study. In order to gather data, in-depth interview and observation are conducted. The participants of interview are the head of STEC, the team and the members of STEC. The finding shows that the female leadership in STEC has not run well. Besides, there is a stereotype of negative judgment embedded to female leader. Therefore, this becomes a challenge for a female leader of STEC. In order to optimize the quality and performance leadership, the need of preparing qualified leaders is considerably crucial to improve STEC development. These include developing self-awareness among the leaders, the team and the members of STEC, creating a clear vision of the organization of STEC for future, developing strategic goals and innovative programs, developing cooperation and networking with other institutions
REGULASI EMOSI PADA REMAJA LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN
Authors: Hasmarlin Hanum , Hirmaningsih Hirmaningsih
Published: January 2021

Terdapat perbedaan pengelolaan emosi antara laki-laki dan perempuan baik secara biologis maupun psikologis, yang menimbulkan perbedaan dalam cara berpikir, berperasaan dan berperilaku antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Akibatnya, muncul streotype gender, perempuan lebih emosi, pria tidak. Tulisan ini mendiskusikan tentang perbedaan pengelolaan emosi antara siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan di Sekolah Menengah Atas Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode perbandingan. Jumlah populasi adalah 4262 siswa yang tersebar di beberapa Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri dan Sekolah Menengah Atas swasta di Pekanbaru. Jumlah sampel adalah 398 siswa. Sampel diambil menggunakan tehnik quota sampling. Alat pengumpul data adalah skala regulasi emosi yang telah dikembangkan oleh Gratz dan Roemer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan regulasi emosi antara siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan dengan taraf signifikansi p=0.000 dan nilai mean pada laki-laki (m= 44,430) lebih tinggi dari perempuan (M=41.88). Perbedaan ini dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan dalam expressive suppression dan tuntutan sosial budaya kepada mereka
DUA KAKI PEREMPUAN LANSIA ANTARA DISKRIMINASI GANDA DAN MENCARI PAHALA (Studi Kasus di Pondok Sepuh Kabupaten Magelang Indonesia)
Authors: Perguna Luhung Achmad
Published: January 2021

Pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk lanjut usia di Indonesia meningkat dari waktu ke waktu, utamanya perempuan lansia. Fenomena terjadinya peningkatan ini disebabkan oleh pelayanan sosial, ekonomi, kesehatan dan agama yang membaik. Pelayanan yang terus meningkat seharusnya menjadi peluang besar kalau mereka mempunyai kualitas yang tangguh. Lansia perempuan dapat menjadi sumber daya yang sangat potensial bagi pembangunan bila dikelola dengan baik. Salah satu model manajemen pelayanan agama khusus bagi lansia adalah Pondok Sepuh. Pondok ini seolah menjadi oase bagi lansia, karena nyaris tak ada pondok yang disediakan khusus bagi lansia. Pada kondisi yang makin menua lansia ingin mencari bekal untuk kehidupan berikutnya. Pondok menjawab kebutuhan lansia sebagai sarana aktualisasi diri sekaligus pada saat yang bersamaan bentuk manifestasi pahala. Penghuni pondok (santri) banyak diisi oleh perempuan lansia. Sayangnya, diskriminasi ganda (sebagai lansia dan perempuan) dan kekerasan simbolik masih kerap dialami oleh perempuan lansia meski berada pada lembaga keagamaan
STUDI KASUS KEKERASAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN YANG DI TANGANI RIFKA ANNISA WOMAN CRISIS CENTER YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Farid Muhammad Rifa'at Adiakarti
Published: January 2021

Kekerasan dan pelecehan seksual terhadap perempuan di Indonesia adalah momok yang mengerikan karena terkait dengan eksistensi dan hak asasi manusia. Tindakan ini dapat dilakukan oleh siapa saja dan di mana saja yang digunakan sebagai cara untuk mempertahankan dan memaksakan subordinasi perempuan terhadap laki-laki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab kekerasan terhadap perempuan paada kasus-kasus yang ditangani Rifka Anisa Woman Crisis Center (RAWCC) Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan responden dan dokumentasi serta data dianalisa dengan menggunakan teknik theorytical coding Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa ada beberapa faktor penyebab kekerasan terhadap perempuan, yaitu faktor sosial, budaya, ekonomi, politik dan agama. Ini tidak terlepas dari rendahnya pola pikir masyarakat tentang kesetaraan laki-laki dan perempuan yang terjalin di antara sesama interaksi, dan keduanya sama-sama dirugikan dalam situasi ini. Faktor utama terjadi kekerasan tersebut adalah faktor sosial budaya, dimana budaya patriarki dan ketidaksetaraan jender yang secara sepihak melemahkan perempuan telah berakar dalam kehidupan masyarakat.
GENDER PERSPEKTIF INTERPRETASI TEKS DAN KONTEKSTUAL
Authors: Akmaliyah Akmaliyah , Khomisah Khomisah
Published: January 2021

Abstrak Artikel ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan gambaran bagaimana konstruksi bias gender dalam perspektif tafsir dan realitas yang telah sekian lama melembaga dan legal di tengah-tengah masyarakat, baik yang meliputi metode penafsiran bias gender, penafsiran ayat-ayat bias gender, serta tekstual dan kontekstual. Pembahasan ini tentunya bertujuan sebagai ventilasi dan ruang gerak yang bebas dalam interpretasi ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an sebagai kontekstualitas ajaran-ajaran Islam agar selaras dengan perkembangan zaman bagi para muffasir kontemporer. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yang bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dalam lingkup kajian pustaka (library research). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa konstruksi bias gender dalam perspektif penafsiran dan realita menghasilkan tatanan di mana laki-laki selalu dicitrakan dalam posisi yang unggul hampir dalam sejarah Muslim, sementara perempuan selalu berada dalam citra yang lemah dengan didukung oleh penafsiran ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an dan al-Hadits yang bersifat misoginis secara harfiah, naratif, dan legal.
PERSEPSI GURU TENTANG PELAKSANAAN PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL DI SEKOLAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF GENDER
Authors: Kariyawan Ys Bambang , Julina Julina
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan persepsi guru laki-laki dan guru perempuan terhadap pelaksanaan pendidikan multikultural di sekolah. Pendidikan multikultural diukur menggunakan nilai demokrasi, humanistik, dan pluralistik. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan instrumen berupa angket. Hasil penelitian deskriptif menemukan bahwa secara rata-rata persepsi tentang nilai demokrasi guru laki-laki dan perempuan berada pada rentang sangat setuju. Persepsi tentang pendidikan humanistik guru laki-laki dan perempuan juga berada pada rentang sangat setuju. Sementara, persepsi tentang nilai pluralistik guru laki-laki dan perempuan berada pada rentang setuju. Pengujian kuantitatif dilakukan menggunakan uji beda Mann-Whitney. Hasil pengujian menemukan nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) untuk setiap variabel sebesar 0.886, 0.173, dan 0.481 lebih besar dari < nilai probabilitas 0,05. Hal ini berarti bahwa tidak ada perbedaan persepsi tentang pelaksanaan pendidikan multikultural antara guru laki-laki dengan guru perempuan.