bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting the Increasing Incidence of Early Marriage in Bola District, Wajo Regency
Authors: Yammar Yammar , Hasan Masrah , Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: January 2023

Teenagers under the age of 19 who get married without any readiness to marry are considered as early marriages. Early marriage in general has become a serious problem throughout the world, including in Indonesia, especially in Bola District, Wajo Regency. The incidence of early marriage in Bola District, Wajo Regency,  increased from 2020 to 2021, though the incidence of early marriage began to decrease in 2022. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that affect the increasing incidence of early marriage in Bola District, Wajo Regency. The type of research used is observational with a cross sectional research design. The population of this study were adolescents who married at an early age that were registered at the Office of Religious Affairs ( KUA) Bola District, Wajo Regency. The subject of this study was taken by looking at the list of persons in the Bola District KUA from 2020-2022 who were married under the age of 19 years. The total number of research subjects from 2020-2022 is 115. The type of statistical test used to test each of the factors that affect the increasing incidence of early marriage in Bola District, Wajo Regency, was Chis-Quare Test. Results: The level of knowledge of the early marriage subjects in 2020-2022 concerning the impact of early marriage turned out to be low. In addition, the role of family members regarding early marriage was more negative, while the economic status of the family was more of the lower class. The three factors significantly increase the incidence of early marriage from 2020 to 2021, namely from 40 to 50 early marriages. However, in 2022 (January-August) the incidence of early marriage began to decrease. There are three factors that significantly affect the increasing incidence of early marriage in Bola District, Wajo Regency, namely the level of knowledge of the subjects, family economic status and the role of family members.
Towards green machine learning: challenges, opportunities, and developments
Authors: Pedrycz Witold
Published: January 2023

Machine Learning has assumed a prominent position in the plethora of design and analysis of intelligent systems. Learning is the holy grail of Machine Learning, and with rapidly growing complexity and the size of the constructed networks (the trend which is profoundly visible in deep learning architectures), the overwhelming computing is staggering. The return on investment clearly diminishes: even a very limited improvement in performance (commonly expressed as a classification rate or prediction error) does call for intensive computing because of learning a large number of parameters. The recent developments in green Artificial Intelligence (or better to say, green Machine Learning) has identified and emphasized a genuine need for a holistic multicriteria assessment of the design practices of Machine Learning architectures by involving computing overhead, interpretability, robustness, and identifying sound trade-offs present in these problems. We discuss a realization of green Machine Learning and advocate how Granular Computing contributes to the augmentation of the existing technology. In particular, some paradigms that exhibit a sound potential to support the sustainability of Machine Learning such as federated learning and transfer learning, are identified, critically evaluated, and cast into some general perspective.
Will working students flourish or give up? Exploring the influence of academic psychological capital, grit, and time management
Authors: Amadi W. A. , du Plessis M. , Solomon S.
Published: January 2023

Working students are faced with challenges and responsibilities both at university and in their employment. In attempting to study the books and chapters assigned, meet assignment deadlines, participate in extracurricular activities, and functions at work, working students may be overwhelmed. The primary aim of this study was to examine and understand the influence of non-cognitive factors (including Psychological Capital, time management, and grit) on flourishing and the working student’s intention to quit their studies. A non-probability sampling technique indicating convenience sampling and purposive sampling were employed to recruit respondents. The sample (n = 194) was from a residential university in the Western Cape of South Africa. Non-cognitive variables had a positive relationship with flourishing and a negative relationship with intention-to-quit studies. Academic mindset measured as Psychological Capital explained the largest proportion of the variance in flourishing and intention-to-quit studies. Lecturers, counsellors, and university officials should collaborate to incorporate programmes that will aid in developing these non-cognitive variables into the university’s curriculum. These interventions may help improve academic success and throughput of working students. Keywords: psychological capital, grit, time management, flourishing, intention to quit, working students
Rethinking inclusion in higher education: Lessons for the South African academic space
Authors: Batisai K. , Makhafola K. P. , Maoba P.
Published: January 2023

Academic exclusion within higher education institutions has been an alarming global issue that has resulted in a vast number of policies aimed at combating the exclusion. In South Africa, exclusion is deeply rooted in the historical inequalities that continue to render access to higher education a complex process as visibly evidenced by structural and personal constraints even after 27 years of democracy. Content analysis in this article illuminates various factors that contribute to the exclusion or loneliness students feel in higher education. This manifests as poor performance, high dropout, and low throughput rates attributable to unsuccessful negotiation, integration, and adaptation to face-to-face and virtual academic spaces. Over the years, South African universities introduced academic mentoring programmes aimed at eliminating epistemic exclusion through a more responsive, integrative, and inclusive higher education system. Nonetheless, students’ emotional and mental wellbeing, and their ability to integrate and establish interactional relationships have been compromised by the COVID-19 pandemic. As the article rethinks inclusion in higher education, it interrogates the meaning of academic mentoring programmes for historically excluded students in a context where teaching and learning are spontaneously shifting to virtual spaces due to the pandemic. Keywords: academic exclusion, COVID-19, digital exclusion, higher education, online learning
EFFECTIVE SOLUTIONS FOR COMMON PROBLEMS OF ARTIFICIAL POTENTIAL FIELD BASED PATH PLANNING ALGORITHMS FOR MOBILE ROBOTS
Authors: AKARSU Muhammet Emre , ÇETİN Ömer
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Autonomous Path Planning (APP) capability is one of the main factors determining the autonomous level of a mobile robot. Although different methods are used for APP in the literature, the path planning approach based on Artificial Potential Fields (APF) has a very common usage area with its modeling ease and computational performance. APF-based APP, which is a grid-based path planning approach, is usually performed by combining a repulsive and attractive component that models many basic motions with a certain equation and calculating the gradient of this potential field to obtain the vector field. In this study, the basic models used for APF-based APP are examined, and how they are realized and how the resultant potential field is produced are mentioned. Although APF-based APP approaches have advantages, they also have problems such as local minimum, obstacles positioned too close, oscillation, and targets positioned too close to obstacles. Within the scope of the study, these problems were defined one by one and the approaches suggested in the literature for the solution of these problems were mentioned in detail. As a result, it has been seen that to obtain an effective APF-based APP solution, it is necessary to generate a convolutional vector field, limit the fundamental potential fields with exponential functions, use virtual potential fields and perform models with harmonic functions.
Spiritual Dimension in Film
Authors: Faisal Ai Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Eksistensi Gambar dalam film menurut Gilles Deleuze adalah kehidupan manusia dan perjalanannya menyatu dengan Tuhan. Ketika manusia menyaksikan film pikirannya tertuju pada objek gambar- gambar yang bergerak sehingga dirinya ikut bersatu dengan realitas yang ada pada film. Otak manusia seperti layar film yang mampu menyingkap realitas dan pikiran manusia  mulai tenggelam dan menyatu dengan alam semesta, karena otak manusia mengeluarkan elektron yang bermuatan negatif dari atom-atom kemudian elektron tersebut tertarik dan mengikuti gerakan   dari gambar-gambar yang ada di film yang bermuatan positif sehingga munculnya energi listrik dan gelombang, frekuensi cahaya yang mengakibatkan  manusia mengalami pencapaian spiritual. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk membuktikan bahwa segala sesuatu di dunia ini mengalami perubahan dan ketidakpastian sedangkan eksistensi manusia di di dunia ini adalah tidak ada. Di dunia ini yang ada hanya energi dan hukum perubahan alam semesta. Hal itu dikarenakan manusia sudah menyatu dengan Tuhan dan alam semesta. Manusia yang sudah mengalami pencerahan memanifestasikan dirinya dengan mengimajinasikan semua hal tentang kehidupan dunia fisiknya. Dengan demikian, kehidupan di dunia adalah sebuah alam imajinasi atau pikiran saja.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitis dan metode deskriptif kuantitatif yang bersifat saintifik dengan mengintegralkan aspek kesenian, filsafat, mistisisme, spiritualisme, fisika klasik, fisika kuantum, mekanika kuantum dan kimia kuantum. Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini adalah manusia mengalami pencerahan dan mengalami perubahan forma atau bentuk dianalisa secara spiritual dan saintifik serta dapat memanifestasikan dan mengaktualisasikan aspek spiritualitasnya dalam bentuk materialisme di berbagai bidang disiplin ilmu seperti politik, ekonomi, geopolitik, kesenian, teknologi, sains, psikologi, agama dan budaya.  Dengan demikian, manusia yang sudah tercerahkan dan mengalir energi alam semesta di dalam dirinya menjadi sebuah mesin atau alat pembangkit listrik bertenaga energi spiritual yang termanifestasikan dan terealisasi di dunia fisik.
Educação do Campo no contexto da Pandemia da COVID-19, Qualis CAPES e Avaliação Quadrienal
Authors: Araujo Gustavo Cunha de , Silva Cicero da
Published: January 2023

Os três últimos anos trouxeram inúmeros desafios para a sociedade, especialmente devido à Pandemia da COVID-19. Mesmo com o avanço da vacinação (iniciada tardiamente no país), o trabalho e o ensino ainda continuaram a serem desenvolvidos em boa parte do ano de 2022 no formato remoto, por professores, estudantes e pesquisadores.
Além disso, o ano de 2022 ficou pautado, infelizmente, pela redução drástica no orçamento das universidades federais brasileiras, que afetou profundamente o desenvolvimento das atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, bem como de manutenção das próprias instituições de ensino, uma vez que mais de 90% da produção científica brasileira é desenvolvida nas universidades públicas (Proifes, 2022). Por isso, é importante sempre ficarmos atentos na luta em defesa da democracia, segurança, saúde e educação no país, pois a nação que trata a educação, a ciência e o conhecimento como prioridades melhora a qualidade de vida da sua população (Proifes, 2022).
O ano de 2022 também ficou marcado pela demora na publicação da Avaliação Quadrienal da CAPES, referente aos Programas de Pós-Graduação (PPGs) no país. Esse atraso foi muito devido à Pandemia da COVID-19 e por um processo jurídico que paralisou os processos de análises de todos os PPGs do país. Com o resultado oficial publicado no final de 2022, pode-se conhecer as novas notas desses PPGs, e novas perspectivas e desafios para a Pós-Graduação brasileira.
Consequentemente, também com um significativo atraso, foi publicado nesse mesmo período o novo Qualis/CAPES (2017-2020), com as novas avaliações dos periódicos científicos que publicaram produções científicas dos PPGs brasileiros. A esse respeito, a Revista Brasileira de Educação do Campo (RBEC) obteve o estrato A4 (Qualis/CAPES), o que demonstra que a revista cresceu na avaliação, em comparação com a última (2013-2016) na qual obteve B1 (logo na sua primeira avaliação). É importante destacar que, mesmo com as dificuldades devido a revista não contar com nenhum tipo de financiamento, e ter a equipe reduzida de trabalho, a sua equipe editorial continuará se empenhando cada vez mais para que a RBEC continue crescendo e se consolidando na comunidade acadêmica nacional e internacional. Mas, para isso, continuará contando também com a confiança e o constante apoio de seus avaliadores ad hoc, autores e leitores.
Além do fluxo contínuo, publicado regularmente no formato de Publicação Contínua desde 2019, a RBEC publicou ensaios, uma entrevista e dois importantes dossiês no ano de 2022 que abordam pesquisas relevantes acerca do Programa Escola da Terra desenvolvido em diferentes estados brasileiros, e a Extensão Rural, a partir de perspectivas investigativas e metodológicas produzidas no Brasil e em outros países.
Desejamos a todos e a todas boas leituras e um próspero ano de 2023!
Federated Learning for Education Data Analytics
Authors: Fachola Christian , Tornaria Agustin , Bermolen Paola , Capdehourat Germán , Etcheverry Lorena , Fariello Maria Ines
Published: January 2023

Federated learning techniques aim to train and build machine learning models based on distributed datasets across multiple devices, avoiding data leakage. The main idea is to perform training on remote devices or isolated data centers without transferring data to centralized repositories, thus mitigating privacy risks. Data analytics in education, in particular learning analytics, is a promising scenario to apply this approach to address the legal and ethical issues related to processing sensitive data. Indeed, given the nature of the data to be studied (personal data, educational outcomes, data concerning minors), it is essential to ensure that the conduct of these studies and the publication of the results provide the necessary guarantees to protect the privacy of the individuals involved and the protection of their data. In addition, the application of quantitative techniques based on the exploitation of data on the use of educational platforms, student performance, use of devices, etc., can account for educational problems such as the determination of user profiles, personalized learning trajectories, or early dropout indicators and alerts, among others. This paper presents the application of federated learning techniques to two learning analytics problems: dropout prediction and unsupervised student classification. The experiments allow us to conclude that the proposed solutions achieve comparable results from the performance point of view with the centralized versions, avoiding centralizing the data for training the models.
InvMap and Witness Simplicial Variational Auto-Encoders
Authors: Medbouhi Aniss Aiman , Polianskii Vladislav , Varava Anastasia , Kragic Danica
Published: January 2023

Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) are deep generative models used for unsupervised learning, however their standard version is not topology-aware in practice since the data topology may not be taken into consideration. In this paper, we propose two different approaches with the aim to preserve the topological structure between the input space and the latent representation of a VAE. Firstly, we introduce InvMap-VAE as a way to turn any dimensionality reduction technique, given an embedding it produces, into a generative model within a VAE framework providing an inverse mapping into original space. Secondly, we propose the Witness Simplicial VAE as an extension of the Simplicial Auto-Encoder to the variational setup using a witness complex for computing the simplicial regularization, and we motivate this method theoretically using tools from algebraic topology. The Witness Simplicial VAE is independent of any dimensionality reduction technique and together with its extension, Isolandmarks Witness Simplicial VAE, preserves the persistent Betti numbers of a data set better than a standard VAE.
URGENSI KESELAMATAN NAVIGASI PADA PENGANGKUTAN KOMODITAS DI JALUR PELAYARAN DI KAWASAN ASIA-PASIFIK
Authors: Kusumo Aji Setiyo
Published: January 2023

This research aims to analyze the urgency of safety navigation procedures which play an important role in ensuring the safety of life at sea. Then, the author also analyzes the components of safety navigation procedures that have important role in the shipping sector in the Asia-Pacific Region. Where the level of intensity of shipping and international trade in the area is very high. This is normative research with a perspective using primary and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials is a literature study which is equipped with a deduction technique to analyze the material. The results show that there are twelve navigation safety procedures that play an important role in ensuring the safety of life at sea. Where navigation safety procedures need to be understood, regulated, and further improved to improve efficiency, security and shipping safety. Therefore, navigational safety plays a very vital role in the field of transporting commodities at sea, especially in shipping lanes in the Asia-Pacific Region.
Economic Empowerment, HIV Risk Behavior, and Mental Health Among School-Going Adolescent Girls in Uganda: Longitudinal Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial, 2017‒2022
Authors: Ssewamala Fred M. , Brathwaite Rachel , Neilands Torsten B.
Published: January 2023

Objectives. To investigate the long-term (12- and 24-month) impact of an economic empowerment intervention on HIV risk behaviors and mental health among school-going adolescent girls in Uganda.

Methods. A total of 1260 girls aged 14 to 17 years were randomized at the school level to (1) standard health and sex education (controls; n = 408 students; n = 16 schools), (2) 1-to-1 matched savings youth development account (YDA; n = 471 students; n = 16 schools), or (3) combination intervention (YDA and multiple family group [YDA+MFG]; n = 15 schools; n = 381 students). Mixed-effects models were fitted.

Results. YDA and YDA+MFG girls had significantly lower depressive symptoms and better self-concept than controls at 24 months. Only YDA+MFG girls had significantly lower hopelessness levels than controls. There were no significant study group differences at 12 and 24 months for sexual risk-taking behavior and attitudes. There was no significant difference between YDA and YDA+MFG groups for all outcomes.

Conclusions. Providing YDA and MFG can positively improve adolescent girls’ mental health, but our analyses showed no significant differences across groups on sexual risk-taking behaviors. Future studies may consider replicating these interventions and analyses in older populations, including those transitioning into young adults.

Trial Registration. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03307226. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(3):306–315. https://doi.org/10.2105/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307169 )
The Effect Of Welding Current And Electrodes On The Results Of AISI 1045 Steel Welding Strength By Impact Testing
Authors: Zulrahman Dede , Nurrohkayati Anis Siti
Published: January 2023

Welding is an activity of joining two or more metals by heating them until they melt, in which the melted or melted workpieces will unite with the help of additional materials to form a connection or a whole piece of metal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of welding current, type of electrode and pattern of electrode movement on the strength of the welds against the impact test in order to produce optimal welding strength. The method used in this study is the Taguchi Method. This study used a SMAW welding machine with a 1G welding position. The material used in this research is AISI 1045 steel. The experimental design uses L4 (23) which has been designed by Orthoghonal Array. Next, the welding process and impact test are carried out. The results of the Impact Test were then analyzed using ANOVA. The results of this study are that the highest percentage yield value for the strength of the weld results is found in the type of electrode with a percentage of 21% and the lowest percentage value for the strength of the weld results is in the movement pattern of the electrode with a percentage of 10%.
Exportación de yogur de tumbo de Junín endulzado con stevia al mercado de París - Francia
Authors:   , Carrión Pomachagua Pool Alexander , Vicente Susaya Fiorella
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo informativo busca analizar los distintos escenarios y variables que se encuentran en el mercado europeo. La empresa VICA SAC se enfocará en la venta de yogur a base de tumbo endulzado con stevia dirigido al mercado de París principalmente, es por ello, que se estudia los factores dentro y fuera de la empresa, teniendo en cuenta una visión y misión de la empresa. De esta manera, se podrá plantear bien las estrategias que se deben emplear en los años próximos, permitiéndonos medir el grado y hasta qué punto alcanzaremos la competitividad de nuestro producto, para así señalar si es aceptado por parte de los consumidores en el mercado francés. Asimismo, identificando la propuesta de valor de nuestra empresa, considerando las necesidades, tipos de preferencia, satisfacción para nuestros clientes y logrando generar ventajas de competencia para poder posicionar el producto, así aprovechar el factor marca bandera en otros países. Por otro lado, se abarca el proceso de producción de la manera correcta para la exportación del yogur de tumbo endulzado con stevia al mercado francés. Mencionando los requisitos esenciales para que la empresa analice su plan financiero y administrativo. Para concluir, se busca orientar a los estudiantes y empresas exportadoras que exploren nuevas oportunidades en enviar productos al mercado europeo, viendo los beneficios que el producto ofrece y así contribuyendo al desarrollo económico del país.
Plan de importación y comercialización de cuatrimotos en Lima - Perú 2021
Authors:   , Medina Vergara Teolinda Lucy , Matos Figueroa Carlos Arón
Published: January 2023

El trabajo elaborado tiene la finalidad de la constitución de una empresa importadora dedicada a la comercialización de vehículos rurales categorizados como cuatrimotos en el mercado peruano de procedencia china. la demanda de estos vehículos se están incrementando en Perú a un 38% gracias al turismo que se va ampliando en cada día hasta en los sectores de parques de diversión, en las playas u otras ciudades que las personas viajan para divertirse en familia y el turismo es un sector económico siempre presente en nuestro país, el proyecto de las cuatrimotos tiene la finalidad de establecerse en el mercado Peruano importando, vendiendo y realizando mantenimientos de vehículos denominadas como cuatrimotos y claro asumiendo que el producto es de calidad y efectivo para las personas que buscan divertirse en familia. Según la AAP que es la asociación automotriz del Perú en el año 2019 las importaciones de vehículos menores fueron de 34936 en todo el año, en el 2020 mostró un aumento que fue 39189 en importación de estos vehículos un aumento del 11% y del 2020 a lo que va del año que es el 2021 fue de 63864 un aumento de 38 %, significando que la demanda de estos se está incrementando en el Perú.
Plan de negocios para la elaboración y distribución de la pulpa de aguaje en Lima metropolitana
Authors:   , Castro Peche Grees Estefany , Castillo Ludeña Edilma , Tapia Sierralta María Antonieta , Lopez Risco Kimberly Brillit , Yauri Jaramillo David Isaias
Published: January 2023

Los consumidores peruanos en la actualidad son más exigentes y se mantienen informados acerca de los beneficios de los alimentos que consumen; por lo cual implica una oportunidad de negocio desarrollar nuevas alternativas de alimentos; los cuales deben ser seguros, nutritivos y poseer propiedades organolépticas de calidad. En nuestro País la región Loreto, es aquella donde la especie más representativa es el aguaje su denominación científica es Mauritia flexuosa. (Linneo, 1781); pero se le conoce con el nombre de buriti, moriche, canangucha, mirití o aguaje; el cual ha logrado tener una marcada connotación cultural. Esta pulpa de aguaje es altamente nutritiva por poseer un alto contenido vitamínico, contiene demasiados beneficios que aporta en la mejora de la piel y el aspecto físico de las mujeres, del mismo modo tiene un rol preventivo en la salud ya que refuerzan el sistema inmunológico. A través del presente trabajo se busca dar a conocer las propiedades alimenticias y beneficios que posee este fruto amazónico, ya que en nuestro país es poco conocido, por lo que le dan poca importancia, debido a la falta de conocimiento sobre sus bondades, ya sea nutricional, medicinal, alimenticio. Buscando de esta manera producir y distribuir un producto que brinde satisfacción a nuestros potenciales clientes del mercado al cual nos dirigimos. Así mismo, analizaremos la viabilidad del proyecto mediante datos obtenidos por herramientas de apoyo, incorporando al aguaje como materia principal en el marco teórico, estudio económico, financiero y el estudio de mercado.
Plan de negocios para la elaboración y comercialización de pan a base de harina de soya
Authors:   , Gallardo Peña Maria Elena , Pantoja Torres Mayra Isabel , Puma Aponte Cristina Zarai
Published: January 2023

Este plan de negocios se centró en verificar la viabilidad del desarrollo de la panadería a base de soya Soy PAN, dedicada a ofrecer productos de panadería alternativos a personas con dietas especiales o que deseen realizar un consumo responsable ecológicamente hablando. Producto del análisis del entorno se pudo determinar una alta factibilidad gracias al auge que están teniendo actualmente las empresas de alimentos orgánicos en las últimas décadas, mientras que el sondeo de mercado reveló una gran aceptación del producto por parte del público. Después de establecer los aspectos internos de la compañía, se diseñó un plan financiero que permitió conocer lo siguiente: se planea una venta de 63.000 unidades de pan en el primer año, con un costo de S/ 0,14 y un precio de venta de S/ 0,60. Después de evaluar los costos fijos y variables, se determinó un punto de equilibrio de 11.657 unidades, con una inversión inicial de S/ 31.040 ofrecida por una socia única sin financiamiento. Después de proyectar 5 años de flujo de caja, se determinó un VAN de S/ 52.753,11 y una TIR de 66,82%, que resultaría en S/ 157.226,06 al final de 5 años de ejercicio. El balance general determinó un final de activos por S/ 49.273,39 y un pasivo y patrimonio de 164.260,58. El análisis de sensibilidad evidenció que el costo estimado y el precio de venta elegido son idóneos para el público elegido, por lo que se puede concluir que el desarrollo de Soy PAN es altamente factible y rentable.
Plan de negocio para la creación de una empresa de pasta de cacao para la exportación al mercado estadounidense (Washington)
Authors:   , Arroyo Tarazona Laysa Alexandra , Quintimari Chericente Roberto
Published: January 2023

El plan de negocio fue realizado con el objetivo de buscar la viabilidad y el beneficio a obtener por la exportación de pasta de cacao a estados unidos teniendo como fin de crear una empresa social que aporte en la economía de las comunidades aledañas como son los Nomatsiguenga, Ashaninkas y colonos fundadores que cultivan hectáreas de cacao, que asu vez son comprados por terceras personas disminuyendo así el precio del grano de cacao. Nuestra empresa que se llamara KEMYTO S.A.C. Queremos trabajar conjuntamente con las comunidades para tener granos de cacao selectos ya que nuestro producto debe ser orgánico y producido artesanalmente con el fin de garantizar calidad a nuestros consumidores en el mercado que apuntamos Estados Unidos. El Cacao o Theobroma Cacao (nombre científico) es cultivado en zonas tropicales y subtropicales como América del Sur, América Central y en unas zonas del continente Africana. En nuestro país es cultivada en la región selva central y selva oriental por lo mismo que ya existen empresas privadas que ya exportan pasta de cacao y los demás derivados a otros países. Como es el caso de la empresa: MACHUPICCHU FOOD SAC, ECOANDINO SAC, KULKAO S.A. Estas empresas ya tienen cuotas de mercado sin embargo nosotros como empresa queremos incursionar al mercado Estadounidense con presentación en tabletas de 100 gr. que será distribuido en una plataforma de Wal-Mart place y las tiendas de Wal-Mart, puesto que nuestro precio será competitivo, acorde al mercado. Nuestra marca será KEMYTO que es el nombre dado al producto de parte de las comunidades indígenas de la zona. En el plan se describen los beneficios que brindan KEMYTO, Información nutricional, la visión planteada en un rango de 5 años para lograr nuestra meta...
Humedales costeros del Perú: análisis de un modelo conceptual para sus impulsores de cambio
Authors:   , Gomez Vilca Angelo Jesús
Published: January 2023

Los humedales costeros son ambientes indispensables para la mantención de las especies y sus servicios ecosistémicos en la costa desértica del Pacífico suroriental. El presente trabajo consistió en determinar el número de impulsores de cambio (IC) de 24 humedales costeros ubicados a lo largo de la costa peruana. Para ello, se realizó una revisión exhaustiva de los artículos científicos publicados sobre los humedales costeros del Perú (periodo 2000-2020) con el uso de las plataformas Science Direct, Google Académico, Scopus y Scielo. Se revisaron un total de 172 artículos científicos, identificando 22 IC (19 IC directos y 3 IC indirectos). La agricultura, ganadería, introducción de especies y acumulación de escombros fueron los IC directos más frecuentes (frecuencia ≥50%), mientras que la mala gobernanza fue el IC indirecto más común en estos ecosistemas (38%); el humedal con mayor número de IC fue Los Pantanos de Villa (Lima). Se verificó una correlación positiva entre la producción de artículos científicos y el número de IC identificados por humedal. Cuatro grupos de humedales tuvieron alta similitud en sus IC (≥ 50 %), lo que sugiere que en estos las medidas de gestión para hacerles frente a estos impactos sean similares. La coaparición de los IC se conformó en dos grupos con una similitud ≥ al 50%. Se elaboró un modelo conceptual de las interacciones entre IC y sus efectos sobre los procesos ecológicos. La información provista en este trabajo puede servir para guiar medidas para la mejor gestión de estos ecosistemas en la costa peruana.
Avistamiento de ballenas en el Perú: Estado actual y recomendaciones para su buen manejo
Authors:   , Reyes Weydert Ana Belén
Published: January 2023

La actividad de avistamiento de ballenas jorobadas en el norte del Perú, durante su temporada de reproducción y crianza, viene experimentando un crecimiento significativo en el sector recreativo. Esta actividad es regulada a través de la RM - No 451-2019-PRODUCE, la cual sólo menciona distancias mínimas de acercamiento a los cetáceos. Se proponen ocho sugerencias fundamentales para la mejora de esta actividad: un adecuado posicionamiento, distancia y cantidad máxima de embarcaciones, regulación del tiempo máximo de avistamiento, disminución de velocidad en la zona de precaución, alejamiento en dirección opuesta al individuo o grupo e indicaciones en caso de avistar un individuo enmallado. Estas sugerencias favorecerán la conservación de la especie y que la actividad sea sostenible en el tiempo en términos económicos, educativos y turísticos.
Efecto de los medios BG11 y CHU sobre el crecimiento de Nostoc punctiforme cultivado a diferentes concentraciones, en condiciones de laboratorio
Authors:   , Echevarría López Esther Dánica
Published: January 2023

Nostoc es un recurso estacional de alto valor nutricional que crece principalmente en lagunas altoandinas de Perú, Bolivia, Ecuador y Chile. Existe escasa información de su cultivo tanto a nivel de laboratorio como en ambientes artificiales. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar el crecimiento de Nostoc punctiforme cultivado en dos medios de cultivo (BG11 y CHU) a diferentes concentraciones preparados en líquido y sólido (agar) bajo condiciones de laboratorio. Se realizaron nueve tratamientos, cuatro con el Medio BG11 (T1-T4), cuatro con Medio CHU (T5-T8) y un control (T0). Las colonias cultivadas en medio sólido y líquido fueron evaluadas semanalmente por un periodo de 30 y 35 días respectivamente, considerando su tamaño en milímetros (mm) y peso en gramos (g). Los parámetros físico-químicos registrados en la evaluación fueron: temperatura (19.5±0.76°C), intensidad de luz (2000 lux), pH (8.66±0.35) y oxígeno (6.93±0.47 mg/L).
Nanoparticle-Surfactant Stabilized Strong Foam for Enhanced Oil Recovery in High-Salinity Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Wang Xuezhen , Zhou Jimin , Pang Jieqiong , Mohanty Kishore K.
Published: January 2023

Foam flooding can minimize bypassing in gasfloods in fractured reservoirs. Finding a foam formulation effective in high-salinity brine is challenging, especially with divalent cations, e.g., American Petroleum Institute (API) brine (8% NaCl with 2% CaCl2). When formulating with nanoparticles, the colloidal dispersion stability is difficult due to the dramatic reduction in zeta potential and the Debye length at high salinity. The aim of this work was to develop a strong foam in API brine at the ambient temperature, using a nonionic surfactant and ethyl cellulose nanoparticles (ECNP), for gasflooding in fractured carbonate reservoirs. ECNPs was synthesized and dispersed in API brine using a nonionic surfactant (also denoted as SF). SF and SF/ECNP foams were generated, and their stability was studied at atmospheric pressure and 950 psi. Foam mobility was measured in a sandpack at high pressure. Foam flood experiments were conducted in oil-saturated fractured carbonate cores. The nonionic surfactant proved to be a good dispersion agent for ECNP in API brine. The SF/ECNP mixture stabilized foam in API brine, even in the presence of oil. Injecting a partially miscible gas (below its minimum miscibility pressure) as an SF foam into a fractured core more than doubles the oil recovery over injection of the gas alone. The injection of the strong foam (SF/ECNP) further improves the oil recovery over that of the SF foam, indicating the synergy between ECNP and surfactant. ECNP accumulates in the foam lamella and induces larger pressure gradients in the fracture to divert more gas into the matrix for oil displacement.
Trans-Pacific Multicenter Collaborative Study of Minimally Invasive Proximal Versus Total Gastrectomy for Proximal Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancers
Authors: Ikoma Naruhiko , Grotz Travis , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Kim Hyoung-Il , Matsuda Satoru , Hirata Yuki , Nakao Atsushi , Williams Lori , Wang Xin , Mendoza Tito , Wang Xuemei , Badgwell Brian , Mansfield Paul , Hyung Woo-Jin , Kitagawa Yuko
Published: January 2023

Background: The current standard operation for proximal gastric and gastroesophageal junction (P/GEJ) cancers with limited esophageal extension is total gastrectomy (TG). TG is associated with impaired appetite and weight loss, which is caused by a decreased level of ghrelin and anemia due to intrinsic factor loss and vitamin B12 malabsorption. Theoretically, proximal gastrectomy (PG) can mitigate these problems by preserving gastric function. However, PG with direct esophagogastric reconstruction is associated with severe postoperative reflux, delayed gastric emptying, and poor quality of life (QoL). Minimally invasive PG (MIPG) with antireflux techniques has been increasingly performed by experts but is technically demanding owing to its complexity. Moreover, the actual advantages of MIPG over minimally invasive TG (MITG) with regards to postoperative QoL are unknown. Our overall objective of this study is to determine the short-term QoL benefits of MIPG. Our central hypotheses are that MIPG is safe and that patients have improved appetite after MIPG with effective antireflux techniques, which leads to an overall QoL improvement when compared with MITG.
Methods: Enrollment of a total of 60 patients in this prospective survey-collection study is expected. Procedures (MITG versus MIPG, antireflux techniques for MIPG [double-tract reconstruction versus the double-flap technique]) will be chosen based on surgeon and/or patient preference. Randomization is not considered feasible because patients often have strong preferences regarding MITG and MIPG. The primary outcome is appetite level (reported on a 0-10 scale) at 3 months after surgery. With an expected 30 patients per cohort (MITG versus MIPG), this study will have 80% power to detect a one-point difference in appetite level. Patient-reported outcomes will be longitudinally collected (including questions about appetite and reflux), and specific QoL items, body weight, body mass index and ghrelin, albumin, and hemoglobin levels will be compared.
Discussion: Surgeons from the US, Japan, and South Korea formed this collaboration with the agreement that the surgical approach to P/GEJ cancers is an internationally important but controversial topic that requires immediate action. At the completion of the proposed research, our expected outcome is the establishment of the benefit and safety of MIPG.
Trial Registration Number: This trial was registered with Clinical Trials Reporting Program Registration under the registration number NCI-2022-00267 on January 11, 2022, as well as with ClinicalTrials.gov under the registration number NCT05205343 on January 11, 2022.
Quadruplet expanded DNA (QED) genetic code for eukaryotic cells**
Authors: Singh Rama Shankar
Published: January 2023

Genetic code translates eukaryotic cell genes into proteins for maintaining a homeostatic state. However, gene variants, transcription, and splicing errors yield dysfunctional proteins causing monogenic rare, multigenic cancers and neuro-degenerate diseases. The triplet genetic code encodes a protein but lacks gene, transcription, and splicing controls. Furthermore, alternative orthogonally expanded genetic codes failed to synthesize proteins using canonical amino acids. The QED codon was developed to overcome these limitations. While verifying the triplet genetic code, 1968 Medicine Nobel laureate H.G. Khorana observed that self-complementarity forming adjacent bases, Poly r-AU, did not promote polypeptide formation, a noncoding trait. The QED noncoding codons have similar traits. Here, the QED codon model is assumed to comprise all four DNA bases (T, C, A, and G); the code is position-independent and symmetric. The self-complementarity forming adjacent bases (AU) and (C G) with any two NN (N any T, C, A, and G) bases are noncoding. Under these QED assumptions, 256 quadruplets fall into two groups: 20 independent protein-encoding codons and 35 independent noncoding codons applicable to regulating and controlling synthesis, transcription, and splicing processes. Steps to correct dysfunctional proteins are described, anticipating strategies for developing cures for monogenic rare, multigenic cancers and neurodegenerative diseases.

**Patent Pending
Clinical Presentation and Molecular Diagnosis of Monkeypox Virus and Varicella Zoster Virus Co-infection in an Adult Immunocompetent Filipino: A Case Report
Authors: Balingit April Keith , Grande Phoebe Grace , Nicolasora Amalea Dulcene , Polotan Francisco Gerardo , Pantoni Roslind Anne , Chu Maria Yna Joyce , Rivera Nicole , Oblepias Marie Socouer , Garcia Jemelyn
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Following the detection of the first laboratory-confirmed Monkeypox (MPXV) infection in the Philippines, guidelines on Monkeypox diagnosis, treatment, and prevention have been strengthened to further help healthcare providers in differentiating it properly from other diseases with similar clinical presentation, one of which is Varicella zoster (VZV) infection. Interestingly, co-infection with Monkeypox and Varicella has been previously reported in Monkeypox endemic countries. We then report the first travel-related case of MPXV-VZV co-infection in the Philippines, a country that is endemic for Varicella but non-endemic for Monkeypox.

CASE PRESENTATION

A 29-year-old Filipino, female, with a travel history to Switzerland and with no prior history of VZV infection consulted due to rashes. She presented with multiple papular, pustular, and vesicular skin lesions, some with umbilication and with irregular borders, on the face, neck, trunk, inguinal area, upper extremities, and right leg. She also had bilateral submandibular and post-auricular lymphadenopathies. Tzanck smear exhibited viral cytopathic effects. She was confirmed to have Monkeypox infection from Clade II and Varicella infection via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) tests. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) successfully recovered sequences from the Varicella zoster virus which corroborated with the high viral load detected using qPCR. In contrast, shotgun mNGS showed too few reads mapped to the Monkeypox virus reference sequence. Systemic and topical acyclovir was given to the patient. She was discharged and continued home isolation for 30 days from the rash onset.

CONCLUSION

Strategies have been formed by the country’s healthcare facilities to properly identify monkeypox infection. However, Monkeypox co-infection with other viral diseases presented a challenge in the proper diagnosis of our patient. This prompted a high index of suspicion and the usage of suitable diagnostic tests. The qPCR tests confirmed the presence of both Monkeypox and Varicella zoster virus infections in the patient. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) successfully recovered sequences from the Varicella zoster virus, while there were too few reads mapped to the Monkeypox virus reference sequence. With proper clinical evaluation and utilization of appropriate diagnostic tests, we were able to diagnose the first Filipino patient with Monkeypox and Varicella zoster virus co-infection.
Preoperative Ultrasound-based Protocol for Optimisation of Fluid Therapy to Prevent Early Intraoperative Hypotension: A Randomised Controlled Study
Authors: Szabó Marcell , Pleck András , Soós Sándor Árpád , Keczer Bánk , Varga Balázs , Széll János
Published: January 2023

Background: Intraoperative hypotension is a risk factor for postoperative complications. Preoperative dehydration is a major contributor, although it is difficult to estimate its severity. Point-of-care ultrasound offers several potential methods, including measurements of the inferior vena cava. The addition of lung ultrasound may offer a safety limit.
We aimed to evaluate whether the implication of an ultrasound-based preoperative fluid therapy protocol can decrease the incidence of early intraoperative hypotension.
Methods: Randomised controlled study in a tertiary university department involving elective surgical patients of ASA 2-3 class, scheduled for elective major abdominal surgery under general anaesthesia with intubation. We randomized 40–40 patients; 38–38 were available for analysis. Conventional fluid therapy was ordered on routine preoperative visits. Ultrasound-based protocol evaluated the collapsibility index of inferior vena cava and lung ultrasound profiles. Scans were performed twice: 2 h and 30 min before surgery. A high collapsibility index (≥40%) indicated a standardised fluid bolus, while the anterior B-profile of the lung ultrasound contraindicated further fluid. The primary outcome was the incidence of postinduction and early intraoperative (0–10 minutes) hypotension (MAP<65 mmHg and/or ≥30% of decrease from baseline). Secondary endpoints were postoperative lactate level, urine output and lung ultrasound score at 24 h.
Results: The absolute criterion of postinduction hypotension was fulfilled in 12 patients in the conventional group (31.6%) and 3 in the ultrasound-based group (7.9%) (p=0.0246). Based on composite criteria, we observed 17 (44.7%) and 7 (18.4%) cases, respectively (p=0.0136). The incidence of early intraoperative hypotension was also lower: HR for absolute hypotension was 2.10 (95%CI 1.00–4.42) in the conventional group (p=0.0387). Secondary outcome measures were similar in the study groups.
Conclusion: We implemented a safe and effective point-of-care ultrasound-based preoperative fluid replacement protocol into perioperative care.
Trial registration: The study was registered to Clinicaltrials.gov on 10/12/2021, registration number: NCT05171608 (registered prospectively on 10/12/2021)
Carbon emission forecasting and decoupling based on a combined extreme learning machine model with particle swarm optimization algorithm: the example of Chongqing, China in the “14th Five-Year Plan” period
Authors: Liu Bo , Chang Haodong , Li Yan , Zhao Yipeng
Published: January 2023

Since the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals was included into the ecological civilization construction system, every province and city in China have been actively released their local the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality plans for the “14th Five-Year Plan”. To address the problems of slow updating of carbon emission data and low accuracy of traditional forecasting models, this paper used data from Chongqing, China, to conduct a study on the subject. this paper measured carbon emissions according to the IPCC method，and assessing the development process of resources and environment by means of decoupling analysis. The important factors influencing carbon emissions are selected by the grey correlation method, and the scenario forecast indicators are constructed according to the relevant policy documents of Chongqing, and the important factors and the consumption of coal, oil and natural gas are taken as the inputs of a single forecast model. The following conclusions were obtained: by comparison, the PSO-ELM model is the best model for predicting carbon emissions in Chongqing. The following conclusions were obtained: the combined PSO-ELM prediction model has lower prediction error and higher accuracy, and is more suitable for carbon emission research. The prediction results show that the carbon emissions in Chongqing during the “14th Five-Year Plan” still maintain upward trend, but the growth rate has slowed down compared with 1998-2018, and the carbon emissions tend to stabilize. Overall, there is a weak decoupling between carbon emissions and GDP in Chongqing from 1998 to 2025.