bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tissue-Specific MicroRNA Expression Patterns in Four Types of Kidney Disease
Authors: Baker Maria Angeles , Davis Seth J. , Liu Pengyuan , Pan Xiaoqing , Williams Anna Marie , Iczkowski Kenneth A. , Gallagher Sean T. , Bishop Kaylee , Regner Kevin R. , Liu Yong , Liang Mingyu
Published: June 2017

MicroRNAs contribute to the development of kidney disease. Previous analyses of microRNA expression in human kidneys, however, were limited by tissue heterogeneity or the inclusion of only one pathologic type. In this study, we used laser-capture microdissection to obtain glomeruli and proximal tubules from 98 human needle kidney biopsy specimens for microRNA expression analysis using deep sequencing. We analyzed specimens from patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), FSGS, IgA nephropathy (IgAN), membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) (n=19–23 for each disease), and a control group (n=14). Compared with control glomeruli, DN, FSGS, IgAN, and MPGN glomeruli exhibited differential expression of 18, 12, two, and 17 known microRNAs, respectively. The expression of several microRNAs also differed between disease conditions. Specifically, compared with control or FSGS glomeruli, IgAN glomeruli exhibited downregulated expression of hsa-miR-3182. Furthermore, in combination, the expression levels of hsa-miR-146a-5p and hsa-miR-30a-5p distinguished DN from all other conditions except IgAN. Compared with control proximal tubules, DN, FSGS, IgAN, and MPGN proximal tubules had differential expression of 13, 14, eight, and eight microRNAs, respectively, but expression of microRNAs did not differ significantly between the disease conditions. The abundance of several microRNAs correlated with indexes of renal function. Finally, we validated the differential glomerular expression of select microRNAs in a second cohort of patients with DN (n=19) and FSGS (n=21). In conclusion, we identified tissue-specific microRNA expression patterns associated with several kidney pathologies. The identified microRNAs could be developed as biomarkers of kidney diseases and might be involved in disease mechanisms.
Consumos y Costos de Medicamentos: Herramienta para la Gestión de Suministro del Servicio Farmacéutico
Authors: Hern O , Torres Saumeth K , E  , Livingston Cabrera J , Pinz M
Published: June 2017

El uso racional de medicamentos se define como la condición en la que el paciente debe recibir el tratamiento apropiado a su necesidad clínica, en las dosis correspondientes con sus requerimientos individuales, por un periodo adecuado de tiempo y al menor costo para él y su comunidad. Para llevar a cabo la selección de los medicamentos se debe tener en cuenta la pertinencia para la salud pública, la eficacia, seguridad y su costo-efectividad.Objetivo: Elaborar un análisis descriptivo del consumo y costos de medicamentos en el Servicio Farmacéutico adscrito a una Institución Prestadora de Servicios de Salud de la ciudad de Barranquilla en un periodo de estudio de un año.Materiales y Métodos: La presente investigación es de naturaleza descriptiva-exploratoria, y tiene un diseño retrospectivo. Se realizaron los cálculos de porcentajes acumulados para costo total, costo unitario, unidades, ítems y la determinación de análisis de consumo en Dosis Diarias Definidas (DDD) dispensadas, cálculo del costo/DDD, minimización de costos, entre otras herramientas del costo, para esto se utilizó una base de datos suministrada por el área de sistemas de la IPS objeto de estudio.Resultados: Al realizar el análisis y la revisión de los 65.536 registros encontrados en la base de datos suministrada por el área de sistemas de la IPS, correspondieron a un total de 732 principios activos y 1740 productos, de los cuales 1724 correspondieron a medicamentos, 3 a dispositivos médicos, 5 a cosméticos, 6 a productos homeopáticos y 2 a fitoterapéuticos. Según la clasificación ABC realizada, el 70% de los costos los cubrió el 12.5% de los ítems A, mientras que cerca del 10% del costo lo abarcaron el 68% de los productos C. El 32% de los productos (A + B) correspondieron al 90% de los costos, indicando así una distribución característica del teorema de Pareto.Conclusión: El análisis de consumos y costos de medicamentos permite determinar ahorros potenciales mediante el análisis de estrategias que permitan la comparación de precios de referencia máximos, promedios y mínimos, de manera periódica y evaluando los cambios de precio del mercado y el impacto en la toma de decisiones en los procesos de selección y adquisición de medicamentos.
Efectos de un preparado probiótico en un modelo de colitis experimental crónica en ratones, inducida por la ingesta de dextrano sulfato sódico (DSS)
Authors: Bol S , Talero Barrientos E , Motilva S V
Published: June 2017

La Colitis Ulcerosa es considerada una enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal de etiología desconocida. La ingesta de probióticos, representa una opción terapéutica novedosa para alterar la flora intestinal mediante el aumento de la concentración de bacterias beneficiosas y la reducción en los niveles de microorganismos patógenos. Objetivo: Determinarlos efectos profilácticos o curativos de un preparado probiótico en un modelo de colitis experimental en ratones, inducida por el dextrano sulfato de sodio.Materiales y Métodos: Los ratones son expuestos a 5 ciclos de tratamiento, cada ciclo consiste en la administración de dextrano sulfato de sodio durante una semana en el agua de bebida, al 0,7%, seguida de agua potable durante 10 días. El preparado probiótico fue administrado antes de la inducción de la colitis o de forma conjunta con su inducción. Después de cada período, los animales son sacrificados y se realizan estudios macroscópicos e histológicos, se calcula el índice de actividad de la enfermedad, así como la caracterización de biomarcadores inflamatorios.Resultados: La administración del preparado probiótico atenuó el índice de actividad de la enfermedad y la inflamación del colon después de los 5 ciclos del dextrano sulfato de sodio, así mismo redujo las alteraciones histológicas. Además, disminuyó la expresión proteica y génica de marcadores inflamatorios en el tejido del colon durante el periodo evaluado.Conclusión: La administración del preparado probiótico, previene o retrasa los signos externos de la colitis, así como los niveles proteicos y génicos de marcadores inflamatorios asociados a ella.
El arco de San Isidoro de Oviedo. La destrucción del patrimonio monumental ovetense en el primer tercio del siglo XX. Parte II
Authors: Herrero Montero Ana María
Published: June 2017

RESUMEN:El 10 de septiembre de 1925, el Ayuntamiento de Oviedo aprueba la instalación en el Campo de San Francisco del arco de la portada de San Isidoro, último vestigio de aquella iglesia románica. Este artículo, en un viaje a través del tiempo, pretende dar explicación de cómo se llegó a esta situación basándose en los documentos que sobre esta cuestión obran en los distintos archivos ovetenses, a la vez que se presentan otras discutidas actuaciones en materia de destrucción del Patrimonio monumental ovetense en los comienzos del s. XX.PALABRAS CLAVE:Oviedo. Historia. San Isidoro El Real. Patrimonio monumental. Urbanismo (Oviedo).ABSTRACTOn the 10th of September, 1925, the Oviedo City Council authorized the installation of the last remains of the Romanesque Church of San Isidoro, its arched portal, in the Campo de San Francisco. On a journey through time, this article aims to explain how this situation arose, with the help of documents from the Oviedo archives, while, in a second part, outlining other controversial acts of destruction of Oviedo’s monumental heritage at the beginning of the XXth century.KEY WORDS:Oviedo. History. San Isidoro el Real. Monumental heritage. Urban planning (Oviedo).
Encefalitis autoinmune en pediatría
Authors: García-Beristáin Juan Carlos , Barragán- Pérez Eduardo , Choperena-Rodríguez Rebeca , Reyes-Cruz Gabriela
Published: June 2017

La encefalitis es un desorden inflamatorio del encéfalo que deriva en un estado mental alterado, crisis convulsivas, déficits neurológicos focales, acompañado usualmente de signos de inflamación en el líquido cefalorraquídeo y hallazgos en la resonancia magnética que pueden ir desde normalidad hasta anormalidades extensas. La encefalitis puede ocurrir como resultado de una infección primaria del sistema nervioso central, o bien, por un proceso autoinmune desencadenado por una infección, vacuna o neoplasia oculta. La encefalitis autoinmune involucra varios tipos de entidades con diferentes fisiopatologías, el entender estas entidades nos ayuda a utilizar los recursos y elementos diagnósticos necesarios, así como la mejor estrategia terapéutica.
The Acute Management and Associated Complications of Major Injuries of the Talus
Authors: Maher Michael H. , Chauhan Aakash , Altman Gregory T. , Westrick Edward R.
Published: June 2017

* Fractures of the talus are uncommon injuries that can be devastating for the patient and challenging to treat.

* A dual-incision approach is the current standard of care for performing open reduction and internal fixation for displaced fractures of the talus.

* Emergency operative treatment is recommended for an extruded talus, open fractures or dislocations, and dislocations that fail closed reduction and compromise the skin.

* There is no authoritative clinical evidence to support emergency definitive surgical fixation. Rather, delayed treatment may prevent further soft-tissue insult.

* Posttraumatic arthritis is the most common complication of talar fractures or dislocations, but osteonecrosis and wound complications are also prevalent concerns.
Long‐Term Effects of Mineral Nitrogen Fertilizer on Irrigated Maize and Soil Properties
Authors: Martínez E. , Maresma A. , Biau A. , Cela S. , Berenguer P. , Santiveri F. , Michelena A. , Lloveras J.
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas

Grain yield, biomass, N uptake, SPAD units, soil N levels and N efficiciencies were affected by the N application rate.

Maximum grain yields required 203 kg N ha−1 of available N in the 0‐ to 30‐cm layer soil.

Sampling to a depth of 0 to 30 cm provided similar correlations than sampling to 0 to 60 and 0 to 90 cm.

Mineral N fertilization increased soil organic C stock.

Nitrogen is a key determinant of growth and grain yield (GY) in maize (Zea mays L.) and is therefore economically and environmentally important. We investigated the performance of maize crops in a 12‐yr experiment (2002–2007, 2010–2015) under sprinkler irrigation in a petrocalcic calcixerept soil in northeastern Spain, with controlled mineral N application rates (0, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 400 kg N ha−1 yr−1). The application rate affected maize GY, biomass, N uptake, SPAD units, soil N levels, N efficiencies, and soil organic carbon (SOC). Average maximum GY's (∼15 Mg ha−1) required 203 kg N ha−1 of available N (defined as initial soil NO3− plus N fertilizer) in the 0‐ to 30‐cm horizon, confirming the importance of the soil N content. Nitrate levels in the 0‐ to 30‐cm horizon for maximum yields achieved a R2 value in the plateau fitting model similar to the 0‐ to 60‐ and 0‐ to 90‐cm horizons. The GY's increased at a rate of 192 kg ha−1 yr−1, suggesting a combination of genetic improvement in the hybrids and also an improvement in agronomic management. The 200 kg N ha−1 fertilizer treatment achieved almost the highest GY's (∼14 Mg ha−1) with simultaneous high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) (0.83 kg kg−1). Mineral N fertilization also increased the stock of SOC in the 0‐ to 30‐cm horizon.
Numerical simulation and experimental research of metal dynamic flow in cold extrusion under the electric-hydraulic vibration
Authors: Zhang Xu-ning
Published: June 2017

With thick-wall cylinders as the researched object, the paper adopts a novel cold-extrusion technology, namely electro-hydraulic cold-extrusion, to apply vibration signals into a traditional cold extrusion technology. With volume effects of vibration processing as the theoretical basis, Deform-3D software was used to conduct numerical simulation of metal materials under a traditional extrusion type and an extrusion mode with vibration respectively. Evolution processes of metal flow lines and metal grid flow under two kinds of extrusion types were analyzed and compared in details. Through experimental research, computational results of numerical simulation were verified. Metal flow lines at corners of molded parts were observed and analyzed in particular. Researched results show that the metal flow velocity increased and the bending level of cross-section flow lines of the metal decreased after applying vibration signals compared with the traditional extrusion type. The research indicated that vibration promoted metal flow, reduced resistance of the metal flow, and obtained more uniform deformation of metal materials during plastic molding. Research achievements obtained in this paper provide important theoretical and practical engineering values for effectively applying vibration in mechanical processing fields.
Stabilization diagrams to distinguish physical modes and spurious modes for structural parameter identification
Authors: Wu Chunli , Liu Hanbing , Qin Xuxi , Wang Jing
Published: June 2017

A novel clustering stabilization diagram combined with self adaptive differential evolution algorithm is proposed to identify the modal parameters of civil engineering structures. Compared with the traditional stabilization diagram, the clustering diagram has drawn more attention because it can distinguish physical and spurious modes due to its automatic performance. In this paper, a self adaptive differential evolution algorithm is proposed to optimize the initial clustering centers so as to improve the clustering stabilization diagram. Moreover, this paper presents a new idea that the modal assurance criterion (MAC) composed of mode shapes is selected as the Y-axis to replace the model orders or damping ratios in existing stabilization diagrams. The results of a benchmark test of bridge Z24 and the numerical simulation of a continuous beam and a cable-stayed bridge demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approaches and the reliability of detecting the modal parameters.
The impact of different processing techniques on foot parameters in adults
Authors: Pauk Jolanta , Kuzmierowski Tomasz , Ostaszewski Michal , Daunoraviciene Kristina
Published: June 2017

This study presents data on the application of two different processing techniques of foot parameters and the comparison of their validity and reliability in adults. Twenty-four healthy participants volunteered took part in the study. Three digital scans were obtained from each participant by one experienced investigator. The foot parameters were: Clarke index, ‘KY’ index of Sztriter-Godunov, heel angle and Wejsflog index. The parameters were identified into two ways: manually using software SolidWorks and by a new computer-aided system. The results of the Spearman's rank correlation suggest a strong positive relationship between parameters obtained from the computer-aided system and manually counted (R> 0.9). The current study suggests that computer-aided system is a practical tool for foot type assessment in adults and could be recommended for both research and clinical applications.
Optical flow tracking method for vibration identification of out-of-plane vision
Authors: Yu Qibing , Yin Aijun , Zhang Quan , Ma Shiyang
Published: June 2017

Vibration measurement based on computer vision has been extensively studied and considered as a wide-range, non-contact measurement method. In this paper, the principle of vibration measurement using out-of-plane vision has been investigated under conventional imaging condition. A measurement model for out-of-plane vision has also been demonstrated. Combined the out-of-plane vision measurement model with the optical flow motion estimation principle, a novel model of optical flow tracking method for vibration detection based on out-of-plane vision has been proposed. It enables the identification of vibration parameters without image feature extraction. Visual vibration detection experiment has been conducted with a cantilever beam and a motor cover. Experimental results have been rigorously compared with finite element simulation to verify the efficacy of the proposed method. It shows that this method can effectively identify vibration parameters of the structure without image feature extraction.
Adaptive neural network control for semi-active vehicle suspensions
Authors: Ding Zhushun , Zhao Feng , Qin Yechen , Tan Cheng
Published: June 2017

An adaptive neural network (ANN) control method for a continuous damping control (CDC) damper is used in vehicle suspension systems. The control objective is to suppress positional oscillation of the sprung mass in the presence of road irregularities. To achieve this, a boundary model is first applied to depict dynamic characteristics of the CDC damper based on experimental data. To overcome nonlinearity issues of the model system and uncertainties in the suspension parameters, an adaptive radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) with online learning capability is utilized to approximate unknown dynamics, without the need for prior information related to the suspension system. In addition, particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique is adopted to determine and optimize the parameters of the controller. Closed loop stability and asymptotic convergence performance are guaranteed based on Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed controller can effectively regulate the chassis vertical position under different road excitations. Furthermore, the control performance is determined to be better than that of the typical Skyhook controller.
Optimization the inner product vector method and its application to structural health monitoring
Authors: Esfarjani Sattar Mohammadi , Salehi Mehdi
Published: June 2017

Fast methods to identification and recognition of structural defects are important issues for the industry. In recent years, a growing interest has been on quick structural inspection to significantly reduce inspection’s cost and time, while minimizing the number of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). Investigations on damage detection methods based on vibration monitoring have been developed in the last decade. This paper presents a study on Inner Product Vector (IPV) method. The IPV method is a new vibration based damage detection technique. In this method vibration responses are measured before and after damage occurrence. The vibration responses include the time domain acceleration (or displacement or velocity). The IPV method has the potential to significantly reduce costs by minimizing the need for NDT methods. For damage detection via the IPV method, a threshold should be selected for classifying the damaged and undamaged sections of a structure. Proper determination of the threshold value requires selection of Confidence Interval Factor (CIF). In this study, a new algorithm for the IPV method is suggested in which a new optimized model for damage detection is presented. Aforementioned optimized model can provide an accurate value for the CIF. To ascertain the exact CIF, the damage detection method is simulated. An accurate threshold makes the IPV method capable to accurately detect damages. The method has been verified by means of an FEM model as well as an experimental case study. The results show that the optimization process can be used as a reference to ascertain value for the CIF. The IPV method can be used as a Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) method, but it’s necessary to optimize the IPV method for each sample.
Vibration-based classification of centrifugal pumps using support vector machine and discrete wavelet transform
Authors: Ebrahimi Ebrahim , Javidan Mohammad
Published: June 2017

Due to the quick advancement of technology, application of different methods is highly required to maintain the high quality of production and health assessment of production lines. Hence, condition monitoring is widely used in the industry as an efficient approach. The purpose of the present study was to classify faults in centrifugal pumps using the vibration signal analysis and support vector machine (SVM) method. Vibration signals were decomposed in three levels by Daubechies wavelets, and a total of 44 descriptive statistical features were extracted from detail coefficients and approximation coefficients of the wavelets. In order to find the best model for fault classification of centrifugal pumps, parameters such as penalty, degree of polynomial, and width of the Gaussian radial basis function kernel (RBF kernel) were investigated. The classification results using the SVM method indicated that the maximum classification accuracy was 96.67 percent, which was obtained at an RBF kernel width of 0.1 and a penalty parameter value of 1.
Del desconocimiento a la contextualización: una mirada al género como categoría analítica
Authors: Garzón Ospina Luz Alexandra
Published: June 2017

Acercarse a las teorías feministas y de género representa un espacio para reconocer el debate y la reflexión en torno a diferentes miradas epistemológicas y políticas sobre asuntos como sexo, raza, clase y sexualidad. En este sentido, el objetivo del presente artículo es plantear un acercamiento teórico y de reflexión a diferentes abordajes sobre la categoría género y a las teorías feministas desarrolladas por autoras reconocidas en seis escenarios: el sistema sexo/género; el género, una categoría útil para el análisis histórico; crítica a la razón patriarcal del feminismo occidental; el feminismo materialista francés; una aproximación a los feminismos, y, finalmente, el feminismo poscolonial. El objetivo de este acercamiento es proyectar un panorama que nos permita hablar de posibilidades, limitaciones y debates en contextos particulares que conectan la problemática del género con los asuntos de raza, clase y sexualidad.
Preferences for Internet-Based Mental Health Interventions in an Adult Online Sample: Findings From an Online Community Survey
Authors: Batterham Philip J , Calear Alison L
Published: June 2017

Background

Despite extensive evidence that Internet interventions are effective in treating mental health problems, uptake of Internet programs is suboptimal. It may be possible to make Internet interventions more accessible and acceptable through better understanding of community preferences for delivery of online programs.

Objective

This study aimed to assess community preferences for components, duration, frequency, modality, and setting of Internet interventions for mental health problems.

Methods

A community-based online sample of 438 Australian adults was recruited using social media advertising and administered an online survey on preferences for delivery of Internet interventions, along with scales assessing potential correlates of these preferences.

Results

Participants reported a preference for briefer sessions, although they recognized a trade-off between duration and frequency of delivery. No clear preference for the modality of delivery emerged, although a clear majority preferred tailored programs. Participants preferred to access programs through a computer rather than a mobile device. Although most participants reported that they would seek help for a mental health problem, more participants had a preference for face-to-face sources only than online programs only. Younger, female, and more educated participants were significantly more likely to prefer Internet delivery.

Conclusions

Adults in the community have a preference for Internet interventions with short modules that are tailored to individual needs. Individuals who are reluctant to seek face-to-face help may also avoid Internet interventions, suggesting that better implementation of existing Internet programs requires increasing acceptance of Internet interventions and identifying specific subgroups who may be resistant to seeking help.
Carl Schmitt’s friend-enemy distinction today
Authors: Mehring Reinhard
Published: June 2017

After 1945, Carl Schmitt largely revoked his nationalist positions from
before the war, although he also rarely publicly voiced his opinion about
the Federal Republic of Germany and the development of the European Union.
However, his complex system of categories offers manifold possibilities for
an independent update. This paper aims to sketch the development of
Schmitt?s friend-enemy theory in his Theory of the Partisan, adapting this
treatise to present issues. It further tries to, using Schmitt?s categories,
address the current situation in the EU from the perspective of the Federal
Republic of Germany.
POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS DEMOCRATIZANTES NO BRASIL E A INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DAS AVALIAÇÕES DAS ESCOLAS EM UM CONTEXTO EMERGENTE
Authors: Bittencourt Zoraia Aguiar , Morosini Marília Costa
Published: June 2017

Este artigo propõe-se a analisar as atuais políticas educacionais brasileiras de acesso escolar propostas pelo governo federal em sua relação com um cenário de avaliações externas voltadas à internacionalização da educação. Entre o questionamento da escola como lócus da reprodução social e a problematização de uma educação orientada pela eficiência, está ocorrendo, contemporânea e concomitantemente, o ingresso de grandes contingentes populacionais nos espaços escolares, os quais vêm apresentando baixo rendimento nas avaliações de muitas instituições públicas de Educação Básica. O surgimento destas políticas ocorre a partir da divulgação de baixos resultados nas provas, tendo como objetivo atingir melhores patamares em relação às metas exigidas pelos organismos de regulação internacionais. A metodologia deste estudo aproxima-se de um Estado do Conhecimento e foi realizada a partir da Análise de Conteúdo dos trabalhos publicados no período de 2010-2015 nas Reuniões Nacionais da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (ANPEd). As conclusões apontam para presença de políticas nacionais democratizantes limitadas por pressões internacionais e pela tensão entre um contexto tradicional, um contexto neoliberal e um contexto emergente.
The Disappointing Recovery of Output after 2009
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Fernald John G. ,   INSEAD, Hall Robert E. ,   Stanford University, Stock James H. ,   Harvard University, Watson Mark W. ,   Princeton University
Published: June 2017

U.S. output has expanded only slowly since the recession trough in 2009, even though the unemployment rate has essentially returned to a precrisis, normal level. We use a growth-accounting decomposition to explore explanations for the output shortfall, giving full treatment to cyclical effects that, given the depth of the recession, should have implied unusually fast growth. We find that the growth shortfall has almost entirely reflected two factors: the slow growth of total factor productivity, and the decline in labor force participation. Both factors reflect powerful adverse forces that are largely unrelated to the financial crisis and recession—and that were in play before the recession.
MENDORONG SIKAP LEBIH BERSAHABAT TERHADAP HUKUM INTERNASIONAL: PENERAPAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL OLEH PENGADILAN INDONESIA
Authors: Melatyugra Ninon
Published: June 2017

Abstrak
Inkonsistensi dan keberagaman cara pandang tentang kedudukan hukum internasional
dalam sistem hukum Indonesia merupakan suatu masalah yang harus diselesaikan secara
normatif. Artikel ini menawarkan sebuah solusi yang mempreskripsi empat hal penting
yang harus dilakukan negara untuk mendorong sikap yang lebih bersahabat terhadap
hukum internasional. Preskripsi pertama, memahami hukum internasional sebagai hukum.
Kedua, menemukan legitimasi penggunaan hukum internasional dalam konstitusi RI secara
kontekstual. Ketiga, mengaktifkan fungsi hakim sebagai interpreter untuk mengaplikasi
hukum internasional secara tepat. Keempat, memahami jenis dan karakter hukum
internasional beserta cara penerapannya.

Abstract
Inconsistency and diversity of perspectives on international law in Indonesian legal system
are problems that need to be resolved normatively. This article offers a solution which
prescribes four significant things for states to be done in order to encourage State to show
its friendly attitude to international law. First prescription is to understand that ‘international
law is law’. Second prescription is to find contextual legitimacy of using international law
by analyzing further the Indonesian Constitution. Third prescription is to activate judges
as interpreters to apply international law properly. Fourth prescription is to understand
category and character of international law and observe the application.
Sobre el acantilado. Relatos de vidas, historias cotidianas
Authors: Gayol Víctor
Published: June 2017

la metáfora de caminar al borde del acantilado que sirvió a de certeau para definir la escritura de Michel Foucault subraya el peligro de colocarse entre una posición segura y el abismo: basta un paso en falso para que el argumento pierda solidez y se despeñe haciéndose añicos en el fondo del precipicio.
Sobre el acantilado
Authors: Bertrand Michael , Calvo Thomas
Published: June 2017

Desde hace unos cuarenta años, el estudio de las sociedades dentro del espacio latinoamericano, sean estas coloniales o poscoloniales ha sido marcado por una renovación tanto de los enfoques como de los métodos o de las problemáticas. En los años sesenta y setenta del siglo xx era preponderante un enfoque de tipo estructural hacia este objeto histórico. La reconstrucción de lo social estaba influida o bien por el modelo que desarrollaron dentro de la historiografía francesa E. Labrousse y sus discípulos, o más directamente por el enfoque marxista de lo social.
Gloria Ciria Valdéz Gardea, coord., La antropología de la migración. Niños y jóvenes migrantes en la globalización, México, El Colegio de Sonora, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 2011, 288 p.
Authors: Juárez Cerdi Elizabeth
Published: June 2017

El libro es una compilación de resultados de investigación, tanto de jóvenes que inician su carrera como de estudiosos con una gran trayectoria, que fueron presentados en el Segundo Encuentro Internacional Migración y Niñez Migrante.
Noninvasive Body Contouring: Literature Review and Summary of Objective Data
Authors: Bernstein Daniel , Farberg Aaron S. , Khorasani Hooman , Kriegel David
Published: June 2017

Background: There is increasing demand for noninvasive body contouring but objective data is difficult to compare between modalities.  Currently, the most accepted forms of noninvasive body contouring are cryolipolyisis (Cryo), focused ultrasound (FUS), radiofrequency (RF), and low level laser therapy (LLLT).Objective: To summarize the objective data on noninvasive body contouring.Methods: In October 2016, a pubmed search was performed with terms “noninvasive body contouring” or “non-invasive body contouring.”  The search was limited to human studies in English on the four major modalities. Results: 55 articles yielded data from 3649 patients.  The most well studied modality was Cryo and the least was RF.  Decreased abdominal/flank localized adiposity was most the most common endpoint reported.  Both the minimum and maximum reported decreases in abdominal girth were from studies using RF (1.4cm and 7.4cm, respectively).  Side effects were most common and significant with Cryo and absent with LLLT.Conclusions: Noninvasive body contouring has a significant amount of objective data available in the literature to date.  Reductions of localized adiposity are clinically and statistically significant but modest.  To date, the best reported positive results have been obtained with RF and the lowest risk of side effects is with LLLT.
Methanolic Extract of Mucuna pruriens Seed Acts for Neuroprotection and Antioxidant Defense in A Fish Model
Authors: Debosree Mukherjee , Indranath Ghosal , Mahammed Moniruzzaman , Bhusan Chakraborty Suman
Published: June 2017

The anti-oxidative and neuroprotective effects of Mucuna pruriens seeds and L-Dopa were evaluated in Nile tilapia. Fish
were divided into five groups (n=30, 2 replicates). One group was fed control diet, one with diet containing methanolic
M. pruriens seed extract (0.2 g/kg feed) and one with diet containing L-Dopa (0.034gm/kg) for 30 days. The 4th and 5th
group of fish were fed control diet but injected with Mucuna extract (0.015gm/mL) and L-Dopa (0.0008gm/mL),
respectively, once daily for three days from 27th to 30th day of the feeding period. After 30 days, levels of different
enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO), nitric oxide (NO),
H2O2 protection, hydroxyl radical scavenging, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT)
and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) activities were measured in brain tissue and serum. There was significant
(P less than 0.05) increase in AChE, H2O2 protection, MAO, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione and
glutathione reductase activities in all four treatment groups compared to those in control fish. Glutathione peroxidase,
ALP and GPT levels decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) in all treatment groups than those in control.
Kulturowe uwarunkowania komunikacji z klientem
Authors: Walasek Robert
Published: June 2017

Artykuł stanowi próbę określenia współczesnych metod komunikacji z klientem, scharakteryzowania ich oddziaływania na jego procesy decyzyjne oraz określenie korzyści uzyskanych z zastosowania wybranych narzędzi komunikacji. Określenie niniejszego celu wynika z faktu, iż nowoczesna gospodarka bazuje nie tylko na nowych technologiach czy innowacyjności, ale przede wszystkim na informacji, która obecnie stanowi najcenniejszy zasób przedsiębiorstw. Jednak sama informacja to nie wszystko, potrzebny jest sprawny proces komunikacji. Obecnie, proces komunikacji nabrał nowego wymiaru ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem czynnika kulturowego, który stanowi główny element ogniwa w relacjach przedsiębiorstwa z otoczeniem, a także symboliki znaków, które wyróżniają przedsiębiorstwo na tle innych. Takie działania podejmowane przez nowoczesne przedsiębiorstwo wymagają dokonywania przez nie nieustannych zmian w zakresie kultury organizacji, zarządzania, technologii oraz komunikacji. Dlatego, przedsiębiorstwa dostosowują swoje działania do wymagań rynku koncentrując się na podkreśleniu indywidualizmu każdego konsumenta oraz na utrzymaniu relacji z nim.
Przemysł jako przedmiot zainteresowania socjologii
Authors: Herudziński Tomasz , Bondyra Krzysztof
Published: June 2017

Artykuł prezentuje przemysł jako przedmiot refleksji socjologicznej. Zasadniczym jego celem jest refleksja nad sensem uprawiania socjologii przemysłu. Odnosząc się do aktualnej sytuacji społeczno-gospodarczej przedstawianej w perspektywie kryzysu, zwraca uwagę na wybrane aspekty zmiany o charakterze globalnym. Opis zmian zaprezentowany został głównie w odniesieniu do Stanów Zjednoczonych Ameryki Północnej oraz Europy Zachodniej i przejścia od społeczeństwa produkcji do społeczeństwa usług. Artykuł, odnosząc się do koncepcji przezwyciężenia kryzysu w oparciu o procesy reindustrializacji, zwraca uwagę na możliwość wykorzystania socjologii przemysłu jako istniejącego już narzędzia analizy.
Evolutionary Economics as a Trend in Modern Economics: An Overview
Authors: Zalega Tomasz
Published: June 2017

Evolutionary economics is considered to be part of heterodox economics, which focuses on developments in the economic system, their reasons and consequences. Accepting that the reality is dynamic, modern evolutionary economics examines the ways in which the economy evolves, seeking origins and mechanisms of its dynamics. These statements reflect the fundamental ontological and methodological characteristics of evolutionary economics. This article aims at defining evolutionary economics and presenting its historical roots, current views and prospects for development. The issues put forward do not describe its entire range, but only selected elements. This paper is theoretical and consists of five parts. The first part concentrates on explaining the concept and key assumptions of evolutionism in social sciences. Further, the essence of evolutionary economics and its origins are discussed. Owing to the length requirements, the focus is exclusively on presenting the views of the most prominent representatives of this scientific discipline. The final part synthesises fundamental weaknesses of evolutionary economics and prospects for its development.
Regulacje prawne dotyczące konkurencji i ochrony konsumentów na jednolitym rynku europejskim – rys historyczny
Authors: Ślusarczyk Zenon
Published: June 2017

W niniejszej publikacji autor omawia regulacje prawne dotyczące konkurencji i ochrony konsumentów na jednolitym rynku europejskim a w szczególności zakaz nadużywania pozycji dominującej przedsiębiorstwa, kontrolę koncentracji przedsiębiorstw, uprawnienia Trybunału Sprawiedliwości i Sadu Pierwszej Instancji w ochronie konkurencji, kompetencje Komisji Europejskiej w ochronie konkurencji, politykę konkurencji i ochronę praw konsumentów w Polsce oraz przepisy dotyczące praktyk ograniczających konkurencję. Poruszana w artykule tematyka jest o tyle istotna gdyż każdego roku traktaty unijne stają się źródłem tysięcy decyzji, które mają decydujący wpływ na funkcjonowanie gospodarek państw członkowskich UE i życie ich mieszkańców.
Wypalenie zawodowe instruktorów terapii zajęciowej w kontekście poczucia własnej wartości oraz cech osobowościowych Wielkiej Piątki
Authors: Zbonikowski Andrzej
Published: June 2017

Celem przeprowadzonych badań było ustalenie uwarunkowań osobowościowych wypalenia zawodowego u instruktorów terapii zajęciowej (n = 30, średnia wieku: M = 38,32). W badaniach zostały wykorzystane narzędzia psychologiczne: MBI, NEO-FFI, SES, a wśród badanych zmiennych znalazły się: wypalenie zawodowe, poczucie własnej wartości oraz cechy osobowości ujęte w modelu Wielkiej Piątki: neurotyczność, ekstrawersja, otwartość na doświadczenie, ugodowość i sumienność. Przeprowadzone analizy korelacji oparte na współczynniku r-Pearsona potwierdziły występowanie istotnych statystycznie związków wypalenia z trzema cechami osobowości: neurotycznością, otwartością na doświadczenie oraz ugodowością. Czynniki te są jednak związane tylko z dwoma wymiarami wypalenia: wyczerpaniem emocjonalnym oraz depersonalizacją. Pozostałe cechy – ekstrawersja i sumienność, a także poczucie własnej wartości – nie potwierdziły swojego związku z poziomem wypalenia badanych osób.
Open Access Strategy for a ‘New’ University Press: A View through the Stakeholder Lens
Authors: Mrva-Montoya Agata
Published: June 2017

Enabled by technology, brought into being in response to a crisis in scholarly communication, and increasingly driven by governmental regulations, mandates of funding bodies, and universities' policies, open access (OA) is one of the fundamental issues that need to be considered as part of a publishing strategy and business model at a new university press. By considering the attitudes toward OA among the stakeholders of Australian university presses, I propose that a university press should take a hybrid approach to the OA publishing model to ensure diversified funding and income streams, editorial independence, and sustainability. At the same time, the press needs to maintain rigorous peer review, high-quality editing and production, and effective marketing while developing a focused publishing program in areas that are distinctive to the press and strategically aligned with the goals of its parent university.
Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease: meta-analysis of results of randomized trials at varying lengths of follow-up
Authors: Mansouri Alireza , Taslimi Shervin , Badhiwala Jetan H. , Witiw Christopher D. , Nassiri Farshad , Odekerken Vincent J. J. , De Bie Rob M. A. , Kalia Suneil K. , Hodaie Mojgan , Munhoz Renato P. , Fasano Alfonso , Lozano Andres M.
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is effective in the management of patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). While both the globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) and the subthalamic nucleus (STN) are accepted targets, their relative efficacy in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has not been established beyond 12 months. The objective of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of RCTs to compare outcomes among adults with PD undergoing DBS of GPi or STN at various time points, including 36 months of follow-up.

METHODS

The MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases were searched. Registries for clinical trials, selected conference proceedings, and the table of contents for selected journals were also searched. Screens were conducted independently and in duplicate. Among the 623 studies initially identified (615 through database search, 7 through manual review of bibliographies, and 1 through a repeat screen of literature prior to submission), 19 underwent full-text review; 13 of these were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. Data were extracted independently and in duplicate. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias. The GRADE evidence profile tool was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Motor scores, medication dosage reduction, activities of daily living, depression, dyskinesias, and adverse events were compared. The influence of disease duration (a priori) and the proportion of male patients within a study (post hoc) were explored as potential subgroups.

RESULTS

Thirteen studies (6 original cohorts) were identified. No difference in motor scores or activities of daily living was identified at 36 months. Medications were significantly reduced with STN stimulation (5 studies, weighted mean difference [WMD] −365.46, 95% CI −599.48 to −131.44, p = 0.002). Beck Depression Inventory scores were significantly better with GPi stimulation (3 studies; WMD 2.53, 95% CI 0.99–4.06 p = 0.001). The motor benefits of GPi and STN DBS for PD are similar.

CONCLUSIONS

The motor benefits achieved with GPi and STN DBS for PD are similar. DBS of STN allows for a greater reduction of medication, but not as significant an advantage as DBS of GPi with respect to mood. This difference is sustained at 36 months. Further long-term studies are necessary.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for medically refractory multiple sclerosis–related tremor
Authors: Raju Sudesh S. , Niranjan Ajay , Monaco Edward A. , Flickinger John C. , Lunsford L. Dade
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease that can lead to severe intention tremor in some patients. In several case reports, conventional radiotherapy has been reported to possibly exacerbate MS. Radiosurgery dramatically limits normal tissue irradiation to potentially avoid such a problem. Gamma Knife thalamotomy (GKT) has been established as a minimally invasive technique that is effective in treating essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease–related tremor. The goal in this study was to analyze the outcomes of GKT in patients suffering from medically refractory MS-related tremor.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively studied the outcomes of 15 patients (mean age 46.5 years) who had undergone GKT over a 15-year period (1998–2012). Fourteen patients underwent GKT at a median maximum dose of 140 Gy (range 130–150 Gy) using a single 4-mm isocenter. One patient underwent GKT at a dose of 140 Gy delivered via two 4-mm isocenters (3 mm apart). The posteroinferior region of the nucleus ventralis intermedius (VIM) was the target for all GKTs. The Fahn-Tolosa-Marin clinical tremor rating scale was used to evaluate tremor, handwriting, drawing, and drinking. The median time to the last follow-up was 39 months.

RESULTS

After GKT, 13 patients experienced tremor improvement on the side contralateral to surgery. Four patients noted tremor arrest at a median of 4.5 months post-GKT. Seven patients had excellent tremor improvement and 6 had good tremor improvement. Four patients noted excellent functional improvement, 8 noted good functional improvement, and 1 noted satisfactory functional improvement. Three patients experienced diminished tremor relief at a median of 18 months after radiosurgery. Two patients experienced temporary adverse radiation effects. Another patient developed a large thalamic cyst 60 months after GKT, which was successfully managed with Ommaya reservoir placement.

CONCLUSIONS

Gamma Knife thalamotomy was found to be a minimally invasive and beneficial procedure for medically refractory MS tremor.
Alcohol Intake and Cognitively Healthy Longevity in Community-Dwelling Adults: The Rancho Bernardo Study
Authors: Richard Erin L. , Kritz-Silverstein Donna , Laughlin Gail A. , Fung Teresa T. , Barrett-Connor Elizabeth , McEvoy Linda K.
Published: June 2017

To better understand the association of alcohol intake with cognitively healthy longevity (CHL), we explored the association between amount and frequency of alcohol intake and CHL among 1,344 older community-dwelling adults. Alcohol intake was assessed by questionnaire in 1984–1987. Cognitive function was assessed in approximate four-year intervals between 1988 and 2009. Multinomial logistic regression, adjusting for multiple lifestyle and health factors, was used to examine the association between alcohol consumption and CHL (living to age 85 without cognitive impairment), survival to age 85 with cognitive impairment (MMSE score >1.5 standard deviations below expectation for age, sex, and education), or death before age 85. Most participants (88%) reported some current alcohol intake; 49% reported a moderate amount of alcohol intake, and 48% reported drinking near-daily. Relative to nondrinkers, moderate and heavy drinkers (up to 3 drinks/day for women and for men 65 years and older, up to 4 drinks/day for men under 65 years) had significantly higher adjusted odds of survival to age 85 without cognitive impairment ( p’s < 0.05). Near-daily drinkers had 2-3 fold higher adjusted odds of CHL versus living to at least age 85 with cognitive impairment (odds ratio (OR) = 2.06; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21, 3.49) or death before 85 (OR = 3.24; 95% CI: 1.92, 5.46). Although excessive drinking has negative health consequences, these results suggest that regular, moderate drinking may play a role in cognitively healthy longevity.
Windthrow Dynamics in Boreal Ontario: A Simulation of the Vulnerability of Several Stand Types across a Range of Wind Speeds
Authors: Anyomi Kenneth , Mitchell Stephen , Perera Ajith , Ruel Jean-Claude
Published: June 2017

In Boreal North America, management approaches inspired by the variability in natural disturbances are expected to produce more resilient forests. Wind storms are recurrent within Boreal Ontario. The objective of this study was to simulate wind damage for common Boreal forest types for regular as well as extreme wind speeds. The ForestGALES_BC windthrow prediction model was used for these simulations. Input tree-level data were derived from permanent sample plot (PSP) data provided by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. PSPs were assigned to one of nine stand types: Balsam fir-, Jack pine-, Black spruce-, and hardwood-dominated stands, and, Jack pine-, spruce-, conifer-, hardwood-, and Red and White pine-mixed species stands. Morphological and biomechanical parameters for the major tree species were obtained from the literature. At 5 m/s, predicted windthrow ranged from 0 to 20%, with damage increasing to 2 to 90% for winds of 20 m/s and to 10 to 100% for winds of 40 m/s. Windthrow varied by forest stand type, with lower vulnerability within hardwoods. This is the first study to provide such broad simulations of windthrow vulnerability data for Boreal North America, and we believe this will benefit policy decisions regarding risk management and forest planning.