bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Richness, Diversity, and Conservation Status of Bird Species in Maron Beach, Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Prasetyo Erik , Wulandari Retno
Published: March 2021

Birds are important species that play a role in maintaining ecosystem stability. The land-use functions by humans can cause decreasing diversity of bird species. The purpose of this study was to identify species richness, species diversity, and conservation status of birds in Maron Beach, Semarang. The research was conducted in January 2017 using the point count method by five points. Observations were made at 06.00 - 10.00 WIB with a duration of 15-30 minutes for each point. The results showed that there were 42 bird species from 20 families. The species richness index (R1) showed a 6.629 value which is classified as a high category. Diversity index (H ') showed 2,915 value which is classified as a medium category. Conservation status of bird species that were protected by PP No. 7 1999, there were 7 bird species. Protected bird conservation status by P 106 2018, there were 3 bird species. The conservation status by IUCN is classified into 2 categories, that were Near Threatened (NT) and Least Concern (LC). The conservation status of international trade according to CITES indicates that no species are included in the list, but most of the bird species are traded locally.
Inventarisasi Awal Jenis Amfibi di Kawasan Malibo Anai (Provinsi Sumatera Barat) dengan Keterangan Habitatnya
Authors: Nugraha Fitra Arya Dwi , Amardi Yunico , Kentino Malvino , Agusdi Katon , Rinaldo Roni
Published: March 2021

Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan amfibi yang hidup di kawasan objek wisata alam Malibo Anai. Wilayah tersebut terletak di kaki gunung Tandikek di provinsi Sumatera Barat. Karena resor ini berfungsi sebagai objek wisata alam, resor ini mempertahankan hutan primer yang ada di sebagian besar kawasan yang mungkin menyediakan rumah yang layak bagi amfibi dan kelompok hewan lainnya. Survei dilakukan pada Januari dan Juli 2020. Kami mencatat 22 spesies amfibi di tiga habitat. Sebagian besar amfibi ditemukan di dekat genangan air. Satu spesies dari family Rhacophoridae, Zhangixalus achantharrhena dan satu dari family Ranidae, Pulchrana fantastica ditemukan dan dilaporkan secara formal untuk pertama kalinya di luar lokasi tipe mereka. Bersamaan dengan penelitian ini, kami juga mencatat 2 jenis ular dan beberapa jenis cicak jari lengkung yang cryptic. Area studi tersebut akan menjadi tempat yang baik untuk melakukan penelitian biologi dan ekologiKata kunci: Herpetofauna; keanekaragaman; Sumatera; ekologi; taksonomi.Abstract: The objective of this study is to invent amphibians inhabiting the region of natural tourism object of Malibo Anai. The region is located in the foot of mountain Tandikek in Sumatera Barat province. Since this resort serve as natural tourism object, the resort maintains primary forest existed in most of the area which might provide an appropriate home for amphibians and other group of animals. The survei was conducted in January and July 2020. We recorded 22 species of amphibians in three types of habitat. Most of amphibians were found near the standing body water. A species of Rhacophoridae, Zhangixalus achantharrhena and of Ranidae, Pulchrana fantastica were found and reported formally for the first time outside of their type localities. Along with this study, we also recorded snakes and several cryptic bent-toed geckoes. The area of study would serve as a good place to conduct research on biology and ecology.Keywords: Herpetofauna; diversity; Sumatera; ecology; taxonomy.
The MINC proximity function for fractured reservoirs flow modeling with non-uniform block distribution
Authors: Farah Nicolas , Ghadboun Ali
Published: March 2021

Reservoir simulation is a powerful technique to predict the amount of produced hydrocarbon. After a solid representation of the natural fracture geometry, an accurate simulation model and a physical reservoir model that account for different flow regimes should be developed. Many models based on dual-continuum approaches presented in the literature rely on the Pseudo-Steady-State (PSS) assumption to model the inter-porosity flow. Due to the low permeability in such reservoirs, the transient period could reach several years. Thus, the PSS assumption becomes unjustified. The numerical solution adopted by the Multiple INteracting Continua (MINC) method was able to simulate the transient effects previously overlooked by dual-continuum approaches. However, its accuracy drops with increasing fracture network complexity. A special treatment of the MINC method, i.e., the MINC Proximity Function (MINC–PF) was introduced to address the latter problem. And yet, the MINC–PF suffers a limitation that arises from the existence of several grid-blocks within a studied cell. In this work, this limitation is discussed and two possible solutions (transmissibility recalculation/adjusting the Proximity Function by accounting for nearby fractures) are put forward. Both proposed methods have demonstrated their applicability and effectiveness once compared to a reference solution.
Application of Online Teaching Mode in Basic Programming Course
Authors:   Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing 101149, China, Zhang Weiwei
Published: March 2021

The sudden new crown epidemic has caused a large number of online teaching methods to be used in teaching in colleges and universities, the basic programming course has some higher requirements for experimental conditions and interactions. This article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of several teaching methods, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the recorded course and live broadcasting mode in dealing with problems such as large differences in experimental conditions and interaction, put forward the idea of establishing a function-rich teaching platform for basic programming courses.
High-resolution ultrasound in the assessment of peripheral nerves in leprosy: A comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Sreejith Kalathummarath , Sasidharanpillai Sarita , Ajithkumar Kidangazhiathmana , Mani Reeba Mary , Chathoth Anuradha Thalian , Menon Parappil Sreedevi , George Biju , Manakkad Shiny P. , Neerackal Reshma J. , Menon Devipriya , Mann Pardeep
Published: March 2021

Background:

Detection of peripheral nerve thickening and nerve function impairment is crucial in the diagnosis and the management of leprosy.

Aims and objectives:

(1) To document the cross-sectional area, echotexture and blood flow of peripheral nerves in healthy controls and leprosy cases using high-resolution ultrasound, (2) to compare the sensitivities of clinical examination and high-resolution ultrasound in detecting peripheral nerve thickening in leprosy.

Methods:

Peripheral nerves of 30 leprosy patients and 30 age- and sex-matched controls were evaluated clinically and by high-resolution ultrasound. When the cross-sectional area of a peripheral nerve on high-resolution ultrasound in a leprosy patient was more than the calculated upper bound of the 95% confidence interval for mean for that specific nerve in controls, that particular peripheral nerve was considered to be enlarged.

Results:

Cross-sectional areas more than 7.1 mm2 for the radial nerve, 8.17 mm2 for ulnar, 10.17 mm2 for median, 9.50 mm2 for lateral popliteal and 11.21mm2 for the posterior tibial nerve were considered as nerve thickening on high-resolution ultrasound. High-resolution ultrasound detected 141/300 (47%) nerves enlarged in contrast to the 60 (20%) diagnosed clinically by palpation (P < 0.001). Clinical examination identified thickening in 31/70 (44.3%) nerves in cases with impairment of nerve function and 29/230 (12.6%) in the absence of nerve function impairment. High-resolution ultrasound detected thickening in 50/70 (71.4%) nerves with impairment of function and in 91/230 (39.6%) nerves without any impairment of function.

Limitation:

A single-centre study design was the major study limitation.

Conclusion:

High-resolution ultrasound showed greater sensitivity than clinical examination in detecting peripheral nerve thickening in leprosy cases. High-resolution ultrasound, may therefore improve the sensitivity of the diagnostic criterion of peripheral nerve enlargement in the diagnosis and classification of leprosy.
Increased serum levels of interleukin-6 in erythema nodosum leprosum suggest its use as a biomarker
Authors: Vilani-Moreno Fátima Regina , Brito-de-Souza Vânia Nieto , Silva Sônia Maria Usó Ruiz , Barbosa Adriana Sierra Assêncio Almeida , Sartori Beatriz Gomes Carreira , Campanelli Ana Paula , Barreto Jaison Antonio , Virmond Marcos da Cunha Lopes
Published: March 2021

Background:

Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a frequent complication of multibacillary leprosy that can result in significant morbidity, including peripheral nerve damage and physical disability. The identification of possible serum markers could be a valuable tool for the early detection of ENL.

Aims:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate selected serum mediators involved in the innate and adaptive immune responses to identify possible immunomarkers for ENL.

Methods:

The levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interleukin-17, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor, nitric oxide and anti-phenolic glycolipid-I antibodies were measured in the sera of leprosy patients with ENL [at the beginning of reaction (M0) and 1 month later (M1)], and then compared with the levels of the same markers in patients with untreated multibacillary leprosy without ENL (controls with leprosy: CTRL) and healthy individuals (healthy controls: CTRH).

Results:

Significantly higher levels of serum interleukin-6 were observed in M0 than in CTRL. In addition, pairwise comparisons showed higher levels of interleukin-6 in M0 compared to M1. Levels of tumor necrosis factor were higher in M0 than in CTRL, with no significant difference between M0 and M1. There were no differences in the levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-10, interleukin-17 or interferon-γ between groups. The CTRL group had higher levels of nitric oxide compared to M0 and M1. High levels of anti-phenolic glycolipid-I were observed in M0, M1 and CTRL than in CTRH.

Limitations:

Three patients were not assessed at M1, decreasing the number of evaluated patients from 14 to 11.

Conclusion:

High-serum levels of interleukin-6 were observed during ENL, primarily in patients with more severe reactions; levels decreased after specific therapy, suggesting a role for this cytokine in pathogenesis and its utility as an ENL biomarker. Further studies should explore whether interleukin-6 could also be used as a predictive marker for ENL or as a specific target for its treatment.
Optimasi Produksi Bacterial Nanocellulose dengan Metode Kultur Agitasi
Authors: Asthary Prima Besty , Saepulloh Saepulloh , Sanningtyas Ayu , Pertiwi Gian Aditya , Purwita Chandra Apriana , Septiningrum Krisna
Published: March 2021

Hampir sebanyak 90% industri farmasi di Indonesia masih menggunakan bahan baku impor. Indonesia memiliki salah satu bahan baku yang cukup melimpah yaitu selulosa. Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) adalah hasil sintesis dari bakteri aerobic seperti bakteri asam asetat Gluconacetobacter spp. yang berbentuk selulosa murni dengan diameter berukuran nano. Bahan baku BNC yang digunakan dalam industri farmasi adalah BNC dalam bentuk slurry atau high viscose nanocellulose. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memilih bakteri dan kondisi optimum dalam memproduksi BNC. Bakteri yang digunakan adalah Gluconacetobacter xylinus dan Gluconacetobacter intermedius yang berasal dari InaCC-LIPI dan Gluconacetobacter sp. dari industri nata de coco. Inokulum dari ketiga jenis kultur bakteri tersebut dikultivasi selama 7 hari dalam medium Hestrin&Schramm (HS) cair menggunakan kultur statis dan agitasi dengan kecepatan pengadukan 150 rpm pada pH 5 dan suhu 25 ºC. Isolat bakteri Gluconacetobacter sp. dipilih sebagai bakteri penghasil BNC karena memiliki nilai yield paling tinggi. Kemudian isolat tersebut ditumbuhkan pada variasi kecepatan agitasi (100, 150, dan 200 rpm), variasi pH (4,0; 4,5; 5,0; dan 6,0), dan variasi suhu (25-30 ºC). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Gluconacetobacter sp. memiliki kondisi optimum pada kecepatan agitasi 150 rpm, pH 5,5, dan suhu 27 ºC. Optimization of Bacterial Nanocellulose Production in Agitation Culture MethodsAbstractAlmost 90% of pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia still uses imported raw material. However, Indonesia has one of the abundant raw materials which is cellulose. Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a pure form of nanocellulose biopolymer material synthesized by microbes such as acetic acid bacteria of Gluconacetobacter spp. as pure cellulose and having diameter in nano scale. BNC used in pharmaceutical industry is in the slurry form/high viscose nanocellulose. The purpose of this study is to determine the bacteria and the optimum conditions to produce BNC. The bacteria used were Gluconacetobacter xylinus and Gluconacetobacter intermedius from InaCC-LIPI and Gluconacetobacter sp. from nata industry. The inoculums were cultivated for 7 days in liquid Hestrin & Schramm (HS) medium using static and agitation culture with a stirring speed of 150 rpm at pH 5 and temperature 25 ºC. The production of BNC has been conducted by using Gluconacetobacter sp., because it has the highest yield. Then it was inoculated at different variation of agitation speed (100, 150, and 200 rpm), pH (4.0; 4.5; 5.0; and 6.0), and temperature (25-30 ºC). This research shows that Gluconacetobacter sp. has optimum conditions at the agitation speed of 150 rpm, pH 5.5, and temperature 27 ºC.Keywords: Bacterial nanocellulose, Gluconacetobacter, agitation
Fault-tolerant quantum computation for local leakage faults
Authors: Aliferis P. , Terhal B.M.
Published: March 2021

We provide a rigorous analysis of fault-tolerant quantum computation in the presence of local leakage faults. We show that one can systematically deal with leakage by using appropriate leakage-reduction units such as quantum teleportation. The leakage noise is described microscopically, by Hamiltonian couplings, and the noise is treated coherently, similar to general non-Markovian noise analyzed in Refs. \cite{Terhal04} and \cite{Aliferis05b}. We describe ways to limit the use of leakage-reduction units while keeping the quantum circuits fault-tolerant and we also discuss how leakage reduction by teleportation is naturally achieved in measurement-based computation.
Universal quantum circuit for n-qubit quantum gate: a programmable quantum gate
Authors: Sousa P.B.M. , Ramos R.V.
Published: March 2021

Quantum computation has attracted much attention, among other things, due to its potentialities to solve classical NP problems in polynomial time. For this reason, there has been a growing interest to build a quantum computer. One of the basic steps is to implement the quantum circuit able to realize a given unitary operation. This task has been solved using decomposition of unitary matrices in simpler ones till reach quantum circuits having only single-qubits and CNOTs gates. Usually the goal is to find the minimal quantum circuit able to solve a given problem. In this paper we go in a different direction. We propose a general quantum circuit able to implement any specific quantum circuit by just setting correctly the parameters. In other words, we propose a programmable quantum circuit. This opens the possibility to construct a real quantum computer where several different quantum operations can be realized in the same hardware. The configuration is proposed and its optical implementation is discussed.
Optimal fingerprinting strategies with one-sided error
Authors: Scott A.J. , Walgate J. , Sanders B.C.
Published: March 2021

Fingerprinting enables two parties to infer whether the messages they hold are the same or different when the cost of communication is high: each message is associated with a smaller fingerprint and comparisons between messages are made in terms of their fingerprints alone. In the simultaneous message passing model, it is known that fingerprints composed of quantum information can be made exponentially smaller than those composed of classical information. For small message lengths, we present constructions of optimal classical fingerprinting strategies with one-sided error, in both the one-way and simultaneous message passing models, and provide bounds on the worst-case error probability with the help of extremal set theory. The performance of these protocols is then compared to that for quantum fingerprinting strategies constructed from spherical codes, equiangular tight frames and mutually unbiased bases.
Towards an Understanding of Ligand Induced Functional Conformational Changes of MexB Efflux Transporter
Authors: Rahman Khondaker Miraz , Jamshidi Shirin , Sutton J Mark , Jambarsang Sara
Published: March 2021

MexB, an RND-superfamily efflux pump, plays a vital role in conferring resistance to cytotoxic molecules, including antibiotics, upon Gram-negative bacteria. Although the principal mechanistic elements of switching between the access, binding and extrusion conformers of the protomers of tripartite efflux transporters have been described previously, details surrounding the further mechanism that ends in either substrate extrusion or pump inhibition are limited to observations based on the type of ligand bound to the transporter. A central but missing link in the structure/mechanism relationship is a description of how ligand-induced conformational changes in the presence of a membrane and changing transporter protonation state lead to either substrate extrusion or inhibition of the pump. Here, we report that differences in conformational changes are governed by ligand binding to the transporter. The current study describes important new information about ligand-induced structural rearrangements and conformational changes of MexB in relation to the protonation state of critical acidic residues. We used tetracycline (TET) as a model substrate of MexB and phenylalanine-arginine beta-naphthylamide (PAβN) as a model inhibitor of MexB to study the aforementioned conformational changes. This new information will contribute to the design of new, effective and selective efflux pump inhibitors that could play key roles in reversing antimicrobial resistance.
Molecular Insights of Carbon Nanodot Formation and Their Two-Photon Emission Properties
Authors: Naskar Nilanjon , Wagner Manfred , Räder Hans Joachim , Qi Haoyuan , Kaiser Ute , Weil Tanja , Chakrabortty Sabyasachi
Published: March 2021

The structure formation of carbon nanodots (C-dots) prepared from three different organic precursors is discussed at the molecular level. During microwave synthesis, organic chromophores associated with C-dot structures are formed that exhibit distinct optical features. We have elucidated the molecular structure of these fluorophores and investigated their optical properties with and without the C-dots. The emergence of two-photon emission was observed and correlated with the hybridization state of the carbon atoms within the C-dot as well as the formation of the fluorophores. Varying contents of sp2 and sp3 hybridization in different C-dots also affects their one-photon and two-photon emission characteristics. Understanding the molecular structure of the

carbon nanocore and the organic fluorophores formed in C-dots would enable rational design of C-dots with improved optical features, which would be of great relevance for their applications, for example, in bioimaging.
Side Area-Assisted 3D Evaporator with Antibiofouling Function for Ultra-Efficient Solar Steam Generation
Authors: Li Haoxuan , zhu wei , Li Meng , Li Ying , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Wang Lei , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: March 2021

Solar-driven interfacial steam generation (SISG) has been recognized as the most promising strategy to solve water shortages in an eco-friendly and low-cost way. However, the practical application of SISG is vitally restricted by some inherent limits, especially for finite evaporation rate and insufficient working life of evaporator. Herein, we explore a novel SISG system involving an all-fiber porous cylinder-like foam (AFPCF) 3D evaporator, side area-assisted evaporation protocol, and aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active molecules with “one stone two birds” function. The AIE-featured solar absorber exhibits highly efficient sunlight absorption and photothermal conversion, endowing the side area-assisted evaporator with as high as 3.6 kg m-2 h -1 of solar evaporation rate under 1 sun of irradiation. Moerover, the evaporator is capable of powerfully producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon sunlight irradiation benefiting the prominent photosensitizing property of the AIE molecules, which results in extraordinary photodynamic killing of bacteria nearby the fiber to prevent biofouling, consequently improving the working life of evaporator
Rearrangement of Thiodepsipeptides by S–N Acyl Shift Delivers Homodetic Autoinducing Peptides
Authors: Gless Bengt H. , Bejder Benjamin Svejdal , Bojer Martin S. , Ingmer Hanne , Olsen Christian Adam
Published: March 2021

Group behavior in many bacteria relies on chemically induced communication called quorum sensing (QS), which plays important roles in regulation of colonization, biofilm formation, and virulence. In Gram-positive bacteria, QS is often mediated by cyclic ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs). In staphylococci for example, most of these so-called autoinducing peptides (AIPs) contain a conserved thiolactone functionality, which has been predicted to constitute a structural feature of AIPs from other species as well. Here, we show that pentameric AIPs from Lactobacillus plantarum, Clostridium perfringens, and Listeria monocytogenes that were previously presumed to be thiolactone-containing structures readily rearrange to become homodetic cyclopeptides. This finding has implications for the developing understanding of the cross-species communication of bacteria and may help guide the discovery of peptide ligands to perturb their function.
Mechanism and Kinetics Studies of Oxidation of the Pharmaceutical Drug Amlodipine Besylate by N-bromosuccinimide in Aqueous Acidic Medium
Authors: Yamuna Princy S  , Vidyavati shastry
Published: March 2021

The oxidation of the pharmaceutical drug Amlodipine besylate [AML] by N-Bromosuccinimide [NBS] was investigated aqueous acidic medium under pseudo-first-order condition. The experimental results indicated that the reaction exhibits first-order concerning N-bromosuccinimide, fractional-order concerning [AML] and sulphuric acid [H2SO4]. There was no substantial effect on the rate of the reaction with KNO3. The reaction stoichiometry shows one mole of amlodipine besylate consumes one mole of n-bromosuccinimide. The effect of temperature on the reaction rate was studied, and the activation parameters (Ea, ∆ G, ∆  H and ∆ S) are calculated and tabulated. LC-MS technique was used to identify the oxidation product of amlodipine besylate. Based on experimental results, a mechanism is proposed, and constants K1, K2 and k3 involved in the mechanism were evaluated. The observed rate constant values and the experimental value calculated by substituting the value of k3= 4.0 × 10−3 s -1, K2  = 1272 moldm-3s-1andK1= 1.96 x 10-6 in the rate equation is in good accordance with each other.
A contemporary treatment approach for fissure in ano: A case report of 38 year old patient
Authors: Alok kumar Diwedi  , Kiran Khandare  , Pooja Shrivastav
Published: March 2021

Anal Fissure is one of the major causes for pain at anal region. We are presenting case report of 38 year old male patient came to Shalyatantra OPD with chief complains of pain during and after defecation, bleeding per rectum, itching since 30 days. Intervention-In this case report patient is treated by using chakramarda ghrita for the management of acute fissure in ano chakramarda ghrita was used for local application along with sitz bath. The effectiveness of Charamarda was assessed by pain bleeding itching and healing. The patient has found effective relief from pain, bleeding, itching at perianal region using chakramarda ghrita which has anti-inflammatory activity, antibacterial, antifungal scavenging activity, antiulcer, anti-proliferative activity, antioxidant activity. The outcome of this management is that Chakramarda is effective in the management of Fissure in ano. Patients who take all follow-up after treatment will have less chance of symptom reoccurrence.
A Study to Assess the Knowledge of Control of Childhood Obesity among Mothers of School-Age Children at Maraimalai Nagar, Kancheepuram District
Authors: Deepika V  , Rasiga S  , Priyadarshini K  , Sujatha T
Published: March 2021

In today's global scenario, there is an increasing incidence of childhood obesity due to the lifestyle changes in personal and eating behaviour which is the primary root cause of various childhood chronic diseases. The main aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of the control of childhood obesity among mothers of school-age children of 6-15years in Maraimalai Nagar. The non-experimental descriptive research design was adopted to assess the level of knowledge on the control of childhood obesity among mothers. One hundred mothers who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected by using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the demographic variables and awareness regarding childhood obesity among mothers. The study was conducted at Maraimalai Nagar. Reliability of the tool was established by a split-half method. The results  reveal 17.5 % of subjects had inadequate knowledge, 81.4% had moderate knowledge, and only 1 % had adequate knowledge on childhood obesity. The study concludes that the mothers ignore to take preventive measures where their children could be a victim of child obesity. Thus, we affirmed the need for making mothers aware of the control of child obesity and how it can be prevented.
Role of Sildenafil in Improvement of Endometrial Receptivity Markers in Fresh ICSI Cycles
Authors: Rabab Alwan Taher  , Manal Taha Al-Obaidi  , Thuraya Husamuldeen Abdullah
Published: March 2021

Receptivity of endometrial is a series of events which enhance implantation of the embryo. It is controlled by several growth factors, cytokines and steroid hormones. The current study aims to assess the influences of vaginally managed sildenafil in ICSI patients on the thickness of endometrial, sub endometrial resistance index and pulsatility index, serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pregnancy outcome. The study was planned as a controlled randomized trial (interventional experimental study) involved a total of sixty women who attend High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies who undergo ICSI cycle. Enrolled patients divided into two groups: 1) Study group: thirty (30) infertile women had received sildenafil 25mg tablet intravaginally four times daily form the day of stopping blood of menstrual cycle to the day of hCG injection. 2) Control group: thirty (30) infertile women had not treated by sildenafil. In our study, we found the following results: the level of vascular endothelial growth factor was highly significant in the study group. The sub endometrial Doppler study, the mean pulsatility index was significantly lower in the study group, while no significant difference in the resistant index and mean systolic to the diastolic ratio between study and control groups. The thickness of endometrial on the same day of ova pickup was higher in the study group, although statistically not significant. The pregnancy rate of sildenafil group was higher. However, the difference was not statistically significant. We concluded the using vaginal sildenafil during fresh ICSI cycle improve endometrial receptivity by enhancing sub endometrial blood flow through reducing pulsatility index and increasing vascular endothelial growth factor.
Host pathogen interaction and pathogen detection methods
Authors: Gargibala Satpathy  , Manikandan E
Published: March 2021

Identification and detection of pathogens are the strategies towards the elucidation of infectious disease. There are growth and significance in the field of Nanomedicine.  Present circumstance here is a need in research surrounding the topic of nanoparticle (NP) properties, mainly concerned with mechanisms of action with the bacterial cell. Metal NPs are now showing strong antibacterial activity. The bacterial cells have more resistance towards the antibiotics, which has met the research community to innovate novel antibiotic agents. The ability to detect micro-organisms has become an essential requirement in food-processing technology for clinical and environmental monitoring. In keeping with traditional methods of detection, those are time taking and develop the result solitary has to wait for long hours. Nowadays, there are many rapid and sensitive methods developed by the effort of researchers and inventors. Nanoparticles act as the alternative to pathogen detection. The size, shape and morphology of nanoparticles play a role for the pathogen nanoparticle communication. Here, in this review article, we discuss the nanoparticle and bacterial cell interaction. The different methods based on culture-based, optical sensing-based and nanoparticle-based methods all discussed in this chapter.
Application of Gunja (Abrus precatorius Linn.) Beeja lepa: An Ayurvedic protocol for the treatment of Gridhrasi (sciatica)
Authors: Harjodh Singh  , Sonali Chalakh
Published: March 2021

The most common musculoskeletal disorder affecting the movement of legs is low back pain. Among the affected patients, 40% have ridiculer pain, and these cases can be classified under the umbrella of the sciatic syndrome. Low back pain is extraordinarily common, frequently resulting from degenerative arthritis of the lumbosacral spine. The annual prevalence of disc-related sciatica in the general population is estimated at 2.2%. Sciatica is characterised by constant aching pain which felt in the lumbar region may radiate to the buttock, thigh, calf and foot. Acharaya Charaka explained Gridhrasi in eighty types of nanatmaja Vata vikara. The present study is aimed at evaluating the effect of Gunja  (Abrus precatorius Linn.) Beeja lepa  in the management of Gridhrasi  (Sciatica) and thereby assessing the changes in quality life. The present study is designed as a Non-randomized controlled clinical study, in which a minimum of 30 patients will be enrolled. Gunja beej lepa  will be administered external application two times in a day with lukewarm water. Assessment will be recorded on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th and 28th day. Changes will be observed in subjective parameters such as Ruk (pain) Toda (pin pricking sensation) Stambha (Stiffness), Spandana  (Fasciculation) and objective parameters such as measuring the changes in the angle of elevation of the leg by SLR Test, Sciatica Bothersomeness Index and Sciatica Frequency Index before and after the treatment. Suitable conclusion will be drawn post completion of the trial.
Beyond Measure? Disability Art, Affect and Reimagining Visitor Experience
Authors: Kelly Christine , Orsini Michael
Published: March 2021

Disability, mad and d/Deaf arts are motivated to transform the arts sector and beyond in ways that foreground differing embodiments. But how do we know if such arts-based interventions are actually disrupting conventional ways of experiencing and consuming art? This article presents three themes from a critical literature review relevant to curating and creating artwork meant to spur social change related to non-normative bodies. We highlight examples that push beyond standard survey measurement techniques, such as talk-back walls and guided tours by people with lived experiences. We also explore the myriad affective outcomes of art and how we might measure emotional reactions, recognizing that disability itself is imbricated in structures of feeling. We argue that such efforts must integrate concepts of access from the field of critical disability studies. Ultimately, tools for measuring audience response to politicized art must contribute to challenging and transforming these structures.
Finding Language: A Word Scavenger Hunt (Dispatch)
Authors: Dion Fletcher Vanessa , Ferguson Max
Published: March 2021

N/A
Embryonic Development and Comparative Anatomy of the Mandible
Authors: Atabo Shaibu Mohammed , Umar Abubakar Abubakar , Shehu Sani Abdullahi , Abubakar Adamu Abdul
Published: March 2021

Objective: This study was designed to determine the ossification time and pattern of the mandible. Methodology: Three hundred and fifty (350) wasted fetuses consisting of 70 Balami, 140 each of Uda and Yankasa breeds whose crown vertebral rump length ranged from 3.0-15 cm were used. The fetuses were processed using the Alizarin technique and the mandible was dissected from the head for stereography. Result: The result revealed that the first part of the mandible to develop was the body and mental foramina at the 42nd–44th days of gestation while the coronoid process, rami, and condyloid process develop later at different time points. In addition, the mandibular foramina remained undeveloped in all age groups. Interestingly, the mandibular canal began ossification earlier in the Yankasa breed compared to other breeds. It was shown to arise from a cartilaginous tissue at the medial and lateral surfaces of the body and dorsally remained opened and undifferentiated from the teeth alveoli of the lower jaws in the 7 age groups. Conclusion: It was therefore concluded that the mandible arises from three ossification centres at the body, rami, and coronoid process. These segments develop at different time intervals in the three breeds of sheep with Yankasa mandible ossifying and progressing faster than in Balami and Uda. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0301-3 Full Text: PDF
MIGRATION TRENDS IN KAZAKHSTAN: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Narxoz University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Junusov Adil M.
Published: March 2021

The article discusses migration issues in the context of global challenges of our time. When analyzing migration processes, the author adheres to the theory of migration, as a transaction with three basic conditions. Today it is absolutely clear that the problem of adaptation of migrants from a biological problem has passed into a cultural one. Migration problems can be quite clearly seen in the example of Kazakhstan, the largest state in Central Asia. The author considers the stages of development of the migrant adaptation system, government programs, the hierarchy of the state system for managing migrant adaptation processes. Summing up, the author offers recommendations for solving the problems of adaptation of migrants.
SUB-ETHNIC FACTOR IN THE ETHNOCULTURAL AND ETHNOPOLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF MORDOVIA
Authors:   Mordovian State Pedagogical Institute, Martynenko Alexander V.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of the influence of the subethnic factor on ethnocultural and ethnopolitical processes in the Republic of Mordovia in the late 1980s – 2010s. The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that the stable development of the state largely depends on the nature of interethnic relations. Russia as a multiethnic state is a vivid example in this regard. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the sub-ethnicity of the Mordovian people on the specifics of the ethnocultural and ethnopolitical situation in the Republic of Mordovia. Methodologically, the author of the article relies on the constructivist approach, in which the ethnos is interpreted, first of all, as a kind of social construct, the features of which (in our case, the binary character of the Mordovian ethnos, its division into sub-ethnoses) were formed during a long historical period. In the course of the study, the influence of the binary nature of the Mordovian ethnos, its division into Mokshans and Erzyans on the features of ethnopolitical processes in modern Mordovia was analyzed. Special attention is paid to the activities of the public organization Foundation for the Salvation of the Erzya language, whose activists deny the unity of the Mordovian ethnos and accuse the regional and federal authorities of an allegedly purposeful policy of assimilation of Erzya people. At the same time, it is concluded that the absolute majority of ethno-national organizations in Mordovia are building relations of social partnership and constructive cooperation with the regional authorities.
THE POLITICIZATION OF THE ISLAMIC UMMA IN RUSSIA: PROCESS ASSESSMENT, DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND OPTIMIZATION METHODS
Authors:   Regional Research Center “SotsInform”, Gallyamov Rushan R.
Published: March 2021

The article considers the politicization of the Islamic Ummah in Russia in the post-Soviet period, from the point of view of analyzing the assessment of this process, identifying its main trends and proposed measures to optimize them. Despite the debatable nature of this issue in Russian science, the author comes to a clear conclusion about the politicization of the Islamic Ummah in Russia. The main trends and factors of politicization are considered, as well as the consequences of this process for Russian society. It is concluded that in order to optimize the main trends of politicization, it is necessary to provide for the implementation of changes to improve the system of Islamic education: both in the country as a whole and in its “Muslim” regions.
Letter of Excommunication of the Roman Legates to Patriarch Michael Cerularius: Latin text and Greek version
Authors: Kuzenkov P.
Published: March 2021

One of the most important documents of Church history, the text of a letter with an anathema against Patriarch Michael Ceirularius, put by the Latin ambassadors led by Cardinal Humbert on the altar of Saint Sophia of Constantinople on July 16, 1054, has been preserved in Latin and Greek versions. The article presents a new complete Russian translation of the famous letter, taking into account the Greek version, as well as an analysis of the discrepancies between the Latin and Greek texts
Konstantinos Heliopoulos for Nikos Kachtitsis (an interview)
Authors: Schina K.
Published: March 2021

The author Nikos Kachtitsis (1926–1970) is one of the leading representatives of Modern Greek literary epistolography. In most of his letters he expresses his passion for writing. He usually forms a variety of identities of dubious truthfulness, moving between truth and lie, document and fabrication. As in his literature, he often writes stories where he seems to replace truth with its spectrum. This interview attempts to explore this practice in 135 letters addressed to his close friend, the poet and painter George Pavlopoulos. The late psychiatrist and writer Konstantinos Heliopoulos, the only friend of both Kachtitsis’ and Pavlopoulos’ who was still alive at the time of the interview (2014), is the ideal person who can help us validate the liability of the author’s letters. Among other things. the interview highlights the personality of Nikos Kachtitsis, the experiences that decisively influenced his work, his labyrinthine frame of mind, thus adding important information about the author and his literature
Особливості синтезу білка у міцелії Pleurotus ostreatus за дії лазерного опромінення
Authors: Reshetnyk Kateryna
Published: March 2021

Базидієві гриби – цінні біологічні об’єкти, які використовують для отримання біологічно активних речовин. Метою нашої роботи було вивчення впливу лазерного опромінення на накопичення біомаси та процеси синтезу білка у міцелії Pleurotus оstreatus. Для дослідження були використані штами гриба P. ostreatus із Колекції культур базидієвих грибів кафедри ботаніки та екології Донецького національного університету імені Василя Стуса. Опромінення інокулюму розміром близько 55 мм (завжди однієї щільності й віку) проводили перед посівом за допомогою світлодіодних лазерів: BRP–3010–5 (довжина хвилі 635 нм), BBP–3010–5 (довжина хвилі 405 нм) та BGP–3010–5 (довжина хвилі 532 нм). Потужність кожного лазера становила 100 мВт. Енергія опромінення у всіх варіантах досліду становила 51,1м Дж/см2. Рівень накопичення біомаси визначали ваговим методом, висушуючи міцелій до постійної маси при температурі (105±1)°С. З метою визначення кількості білка застосовували метод біуретової реакції. Отримані результати дослідження засвідчують вплив лазерного опромінення на стимуляцію ростових та біосинтетичних процесів P. ostreatus. Зокрема, для P. ostreatus найефективнішим було опромінення зеленим світлом довжиною хвилі 532 нм. За дії цього режиму опромінення найкращу реакцію у відповідь на дію світла спостерігали для штаму Р-192 – кількість біомаси зросла на 71,4%. Було встановлено зростання кількості білка у міцелії P. ostreatus за дії лазерного опромінення. Для штаму Р-192 гриба P. ostreatus вміст загального білка зріс на 36,3% відповідно до контролю за дії опромінення зеленим світлом (532 нм). Одержані результати показують перспективність використання лазерного опромінення світлом у зеленому діапазоні для цілеспрямованої регуляції синтезу білка та біомаси міцелію гриба P. ostreatus.
Морфологія квітки та фенологія Cyrtanthus elatus (Jacq.) Traub (Amaryllidaceae J.St.-Hil.) у культурі
Authors: Fishchuk Oksana
Published: March 2021

Cyrtanthus elatus – ендемік флори Південної Африки, південних прибережних гір від півночі міста Моссел-Бей у Західній Капській провінції до міста Гумансдорпа у Східній Капській провінції. Він трапляється в колоніях на суглинистих, кислих ґрунтах на вологих схилах, що виходять на південь, при повному сонці чи легкій тіні. Цвітіння посилюється в період кущових пожеж. Рослини C. elatus швидко розвиваються влітку, вічнозелені, нові листки з’являються незабаром після пожеж та цвітіння, що проходять у будь-який час з кінця весни до середини осені.

Він включає чіткі форми росту, деякі з них характеризуються швидким розмноженням цибулин і нестабільним цвітінням, принаймні під час вирощування, а інші цвітуть рясно і менш схильні до вегетативного розмноження. У відділку тропічних і субтропічних рослин Волинського національного університету імені Лесі Українки перші колекці C. elatus (Amaryllidaceae) з’явилися у 2008 році. Фенологічні спостереження показали, що рослини C. elatus вступають до генеративного періоду у віці 2-3 років. Досліджені морфологічні особливості квіток і плодів C. elatus в умовах культури. Коли рослини досягли генеративного онтогенетичного стану, проводили облік термінів і тривалості цвітіння. Під часцвітіння рослин проводили штучне запилення, для якісного утворення плодів. Модельні рослини цвітуть 16-20 днів та мають у суцвітті 4-5 квіток, кожна з них у середньому цвіте 3-4 дні. Проведено фенологічні спостереження за цвітінням квітки та дозріванням плодів. Вивчено морфологію квіток, зокрема гінецею та андроцею. Пилок зберігає 100% життєздатність та міститься у пиляках у великій кількості. Плід –ягодоподібна коробочка еліпсоїдної форми, довжиною 37-39 мм, насінини 7-8 мм завдовжки, плоскі, чорного кольору з крилатим виростом. Морфологічні особливості квітки, велика кількість пилку є пристосуванням до комах запилювачів.
Биоценотические связи инвазивного вида Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) с местными видами пресноводной фауны Украины
Authors: Yermoshyna Tetyana , Pavliuchenko Olesia
Published: March 2021

Вивчено міжвидові зв’язки інвазивного виду Sinanodonta woodiana з місцевими видами прісноводної фауни України (на прикладі ставу на річці П’ятигірка, село Романівка, Житомирська область). Половина досліджених особин китайської беззубки (45,1%) була населена симбіонтами.Змішані вторгнення спостерігалися у 17,4% особин. Серед виявлених симбіонтів можна виділити облігатних (інфузорії роду Conchophthirus і Trichodina, Aspidogaster conchicola), і факультативних (Helobdella stagnalis, личинка Chironomus sp.). Патологічного впливу паразитів (тріходін і аспідогастрів) на організм беззубок не встановлено. Найменша частота трапляння симбіонтів (11,1%) спостерігається у 2-річних особин китайської беззубки, і в них знайдений тільки один симбіонт – це інфузорія Conchophthirus sp. У 3-річних молюсків виявлено вже чотири симбіонти (частота трапляння – 44,4%). Тільки личинки Chironomus sp. оселяються в 4-річних і більш старших особинах. Інтродукція китайської беззубки негативно впливає на місцеві види перлівницевих. Так, після появи в ставку S. woodiana щільність поселення аборигенних видів Unio pictorum і Anodonta anatina значно знизилася – з 3,6 ос./м2 (у 2005 році) до 0,2 ос./м2 (у 2020 році). Отже, інвазивний вид S. woodiana вступає в біоценотичні зв’язки трьох типів (симбіоз, нейтралізм, антибіоз) і здатний істотно впливати на природну біоту водного середовища проживання.
Лісівничо-селекційна оцінка півсібсів сосни звичайної у Волинській області
Authors: Andreieva Valentyna , Voitiuk Vasyl , Kychyliuk Oleksandr , Hetmanchuk Anatolii
Published: March 2021

У випробних культурах плюсові дерева проходять перевірку на предмет передачі господарсько-цінних ознак своєму потомству. Згідно з літературними даними, селекційну оцінку випробних культур потрібно проводити регулярно, починаючи з п’ятирічного віку і закінчуючи упристигаючому і стиглому віці. Періодичний моніторинг біометричних та якісних показників насінного потомства дозволяє виявити дерева з хорошими спадковими властивостями та відібрати кандидатів в еліту.Об’єктами дослідження були середньовікові випробні культури сосни звичайної Ківерцівського лісництва державного підприємства «Ківерцівське лісове господарство». Метою роботи було проведення моніторингу ростових і якісних показників півсібсів сосни звичайної у віці 38-40 років.У півсібсових потомствах спостерігається покращення селекційної структури порівняно з контролем. Загалом із плином років кількість кращих нормальних та плюсових дерев, а також кількість мінусових дерев зменшується, а кількість нормальних дерев збільшується як у контролю, так і у півсібсів. За комплексною оцінкою 38-40-річних півсібсових потомств пропонуємо відібрати кандидатами в еліту 31% досліджуваних плюсових дерев. Із них 5 дерев представлені плюсовими деревами Волинської області, 4 – Львівської області.
La protesta como coreografía: Sobre los límites de la regulación legal de la protesta
Authors: Lovera Parmo Domingo
Published: March 2021

This work warns about the risks that legal regulations entail for social protest. It begins by explaining that the potential of social protests rests on the fact that they are a mechanism which facilitate public appearances. Those appearances, which include choreographies as artistic forms of contentious politics, allows the people to gather social power with which they confront hegemonic powers. However, the excessive legal regulations that have surrounded the protests, despite being celebrated by some voices, have deprived them of their disruptive character. They have thus transformed protests into choreographies of a different order; choreographies with allegorical rather than confronting nature.
Operasionalisasi IBM SPSS 21 untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan dan Keterampilan Olah Data Penelitian Mahasiswa
Authors: Irawan Jono , Handayani A.A. Ayu Trisna , Zohri Lalu Hasan Nasirudin
Published: March 2021

Program pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan dan mengoperasikan program IBM SPSS 21 kepada mahasiswa sebagai alat untuk mengolah data penelitian yang baik dan benar. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan metode diskusi bebas yang dimulai dengan penyampaian materi. Objek pelatihan adalah Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Dan Mahasiswa Magister Pendidikan IPA Universitas Mataram. Data hasil angket dianalisis dengan Descriptive Statistics Explore IBM SPSS 21. Hasil analisis data pengabdian diperoleh persentase pemahaman sebesar 60,4% dan keaktifan dalam proses pembelajaran sangat tinggi dengan persentase sebesar 83,2%. Berdasrkan hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan pelatihan operasionalisasi program IBM SPSS 21 dan meningkatkan pemahaman dan keaktifan mahasiswa dalam menerapkan penggunaan program SPSS sebagai sarana mengolah data penelitian.