bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engrailed 1 coordinates cytoskeletal reorganization to induce myofibroblast differentiation
Authors: Györfi Andrea-Hermina , Matei Alexandru-Emil , Fuchs Maximilian , Liang Chunguang , Rigau Aleix Rius , Hong Xuezhi , Zhu Honglin , Luber Markus , Bergmann Christina , Dees Clara , Ludolph Ingo , Horch Raymund E. , Distler Oliver , Wang Jiucun , Bengsch Bertram , Schett Georg , Kunz Meik , Distler Jörg H.W.
Published: July 2021

Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is a key mediator of fibroblast activation in fibrotic diseases, including systemic sclerosis. Here we show that Engrailed 1 (EN1) is reexpressed in multiple fibroblast subpopulations in the skin of SSc patients. We characterize EN1 as a molecular amplifier of TGFβ signaling in myofibroblast differentiation: TGFβ induces EN1 expression in a SMAD3-dependent manner, and in turn, EN1 mediates the profibrotic effects of TGFβ. RNA sequencing demonstrates that EN1 induces a profibrotic gene expression profile functionally related to cytoskeleton organization and ROCK activation. EN1 regulates gene expression by modulating the activity of SP1 and other SP transcription factors, as confirmed by ChIP-seq experiments for EN1 and SP1. Functional experiments confirm the coordinating role of EN1 on ROCK activity and the reorganization of cytoskeleton during myofibroblast differentiation, in both standard fibroblast culture systems and in vitro skin models. Consistently, mice with fibroblast-specific knockout of En1 demonstrate impaired fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and are partially protected from experimental skin fibrosis.
Judicial Ideology in the Absence of Rights
Authors: Robinson Zoë , Leslie Patrick , Sheppard Jill
Published: July 2021

Research on judicial behavior has yet to systematically examine the extent to which ideology affects voting behavior outside of rights-based issues. This study explores the predictive effect of judicial ideology on judicial votes in a country without a bill of rights: Australia. We develop an ex ante measure of judicial ideology and use original data on every Australian High Court decision between 1995 and 2019 to test whether, and in which types of cases, votes of Australia’s justices align with their ideology. The results show that ex ante ideology is predictive of voting behavior, regardless of policy area.
Assembling BH3-mimic peptide into a nanocluster to target intracellular Bcl2 towards the apoptosis induction of cancer cell
Authors: Zhang Xiuli , Gao Ruqing , Yan Huiyu , Zhao Zijian , Zhang Jun , You Weiming
Published: July 2021

Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, is always overexpressed in tumor cells to suppress the pro-apoptotic function of Bax, thereby prolonging the life of the tumor. However, BH3 proteins could directly activate Bax via antagonizing Bcl-2 to induce apoptosis in response to the stimulation. Thus, mimicking BH3 proteins with a peptide is a potential strategy for anti-cancer therapy. Unfortunately, clinical translation of BH3-mimic peptide is hindered by its inefficacious cellular internalization and proteolysis resistance. Herein, we translated a BH3-mimic peptide into a peptide-auric spheroidal nanocluster (BH3-AuNp), in which polymeric BH3-Auric precursors [Au1+-S-BH3]
n
are in situ self-assembled on the surface of gold nanoparticles by a one-pot synthesis. Expectedly, this strategy could improve the anti-proteolytic ability and cytomembrane penetrability of the BH3 peptide. As a result, BH3-AuNp successfully induced the apoptosis of two cancer cell lines by an order of magnitude compared to BH3. This therapeutic and feasible peptide nano-engineering strategy will help peptides overcome the pharmaceutical obstacles, awaken its biological functions, and possibly revive the research about peptide-derived nanomedicine.
Semi-quantum private comparison protocol of size relation with d-dimensional GHZ states*
Authors: Wang Bing , Liu San-Qiu , Gong Li-Hua
Published: July 2021

A novel efficient semi-quantum private comparison protocol based on the d-dimensional GHZ states is proposed. With the assistance of semi-honest third party, two classical participants can compare the size relation of their secretswithout any information leakage. To reduce the consumption of quantum devices, the qubit efficiency of our protocol isimproved by introducing the semi-quantum conception via the existing semi-quantum privatecomparisons. Furthermore,it is unnecessary to prepare the secure classical authentication channel among participants in advance. It is shown that our protocol is not only correct and efficient, but also free from external and internal attacks.
Analysis of biased language in peer-reviewed scientific literature on genetically modified crops
Authors: Stevens Bo Maxwell , Reppen Randi , Linhart Mark , Gibson Kara , Parafiniuk Adrah , Roberts Aradhana , Sanford Robert , Johnson Nancy Collins
Published: July 2021

Social, political, and economic forces may inadvertently influence the stance of scientific literature. Scientists strive for neutral language, but this may be challenging for controversial topics like genetically modified (GM) crops. We classified peer-reviewed journal articles and found that 40% had a positive or negative stance towards GM crops. Proportion of positive and negative stance varied with publication date, authors’ country of origin, funding source, and type of genetic modification. Articles with a negative stance were more common at the beginning of the millennium. Authors from China had the highest positive:negative ratio (8:1), followed by authors from the USA (12:5) and the EU (5:7). Positive stance articles were six times more likely to be funded by private sources compared to those with a neutral or negative stance. Articles about glyphosate were more likely to be negative compared to articles about Bacillus thuringiensis. Linguistic features of articles with positive and negative stances were used to train a random forest classifier that predicts stance significantly better than random chance. This suggests the possibility of an automated tool to screen manuscripts for unintended biased language prior to publication.
The study of soil biological and chemical properties on palm oil plant rhizosphere with and without palm oil mill effluent applications
Authors: Siahaan Megawati , Sakiah  , Sutanto Arief S , Lawary A , Mahmuda R
Published: July 2021

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a by-product of palm oil mills. POME application to the field must comply with the regulations issued by the Minister of Environment. The research objective was to determine the soil biological and chemical properties in the rhizosphere of palm oil plant on the land with and without POME application. The research used factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 2 treatments, the first factor was with and without POME application. The second factor was the sample distance from palm oil trees, namely 0 m, 100 cm, 200 cm, 300 cm and 400 cm. Data were analyzed with the analysis of variance at a 5% level and continued with the DMRT at significantly different treatments. The results showed that the POME application had a significant effect on total microbes, soil respiration and cation exchange capacity. The total microbes, C-organic, soil respiration, cation exchange capacity and alkaline saturation on the POME application land were 34.7 x 10−6 CFU ml-1, 2.16%, 1.4 mg C (CO2), 11.1 cmol kg−1 and 40.75%, while on land without POME applications were 1.63 x 10−6 CFU ml−1, 2.32%, 0.52 mg CO2, 7.59 cmol kg−1, and 70.63%. Soil sampling at a distance of 0, 100 cm, 200 cm, 300 cm and 400 cm from the palm oil tree towards the POME application trench had a significant effect on total microbes and soil respiration. The highest of total microbes and soil respiration at 0 cm from oil palm trees were 34.07 x 10−6 CFU ml−1 and 1,14 mg C (CO2). The interaction between soil sampling from the application land and without the application land with the sampling distance treatment from palm oil trees had a significant effect on the soil total microbes parameters. The conclusions of this research were; the application of POME with BOD 180 mgL-1 and COD 593 mgL-1 on palm oil plantations can increase the total soil microbes, soil respiration and cation exchange capacity but did not increase C-organic and alkaline saturation. The closer the application to the palm oil plant rhizosphere, the higher the distribution and microbial activity.
Efficacy of application time of Penicillium sp. suspension on White Root Fungus (Rigidoporus lignosus) in Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans)
Authors: Chairudin  , Agustinur  , Permadi J
Published: July 2021

Cultivation of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) is running into several problems, one of these is caused by white root fungus (Rigidoporus lignosus) which causes losses to nutmeg farmers. This fungus is known to be controlled by biological control using microorganisms such as Penicillium sp. This research was conducted to determine the efficacy of application time of Penicillium sp. crude extract against white root fungus (Rigidoporus lignosus) in nutmeg plants. The design used in this study was a non-factorial completely randomized design with the main factor being the application time of Penicilllium sp. crude extract with 4 treatments. Each treatment on 7 replicates. Control without suspension application Penicillium sp. (PK0), Application of Penicillium sp. 7 days before inoculation of Rigidoporus lignosus (PK1), Application of suspension of Penicillium sp. concurrently with Rigidoporus lignosus (PK2) inoculation, Application of suspension of Penicillium sp. 7 days after Rigidoporus lignosus (PK3) inoculation. Total are 28 experimental units. In this case, the test plants used are 11 months old nutmeg. The research parameters consisted of the incubation period, disease incidence and attack intensity. The results showed that the treatment at one-time application of the suspension of Penicillium sp. Significantly affect the intensity of attacks and the incidence of infectious disease pathogens Rigidoporus lignosus. Application time for Penicillium sp. 7 days before the suspension of Rigidoporus lignosus is the best offer in the attack of Rigidoporus lignosus disease.
Geothermal Well Targeting in Consideration To Geological Structures of Mataloko Field, Flores
Authors: Sumotarto Untung , Yunis Yudistian , Hendrasto Fajar , Pudyastuti Kris , Sammuel Evan R. , Rizky Dhany , Nayoan Arthur G.P.
Published: July 2021

Mataloko is one of the geothermal fields on the island of Flores, East Nusa Tenggara, which is an area of exploration, production and is expected to be able to be used for electricity generation. Geologically, Mataloko area is quite strong affected by faults and fractures geological structures. Drilling geothermal well should be considered carefully in respond to active tectonic activity in Nusa Tenggara islands in particular Flores. Directional drilling should be planned in an area where geological structures are less affection to the well drill direction. Wae Luja – Ratogesa area is an example area where geological structures should be considered accurately. Results of geological mapping have significant attention to geological structures while geophysical data analysis should be heavily considered for subsurface geological structural analysis. Exploration shallow wells have been drilled to a depth of 756.47 meters showing temperature of above 185 degrees Celsius. Using geological as well as geophysical data analysis, it is interpreted that base of cap rock is approximately at the elevation of +855 masl to +20 masl. Combining the analysis results directional drilling could be planned carefully.
The Opportunities and Constraints of Wind Energy
Authors: Siahaya A A S , Setiati R , Malinda M T
Published: July 2021

One of the most dominant energy sources is the fossil energy. However, fossil energy based power plant is one of the primary contributors of greenhouse gas which is the main cause of global warming. Besides that, the supply of fossil energy keeps on depleting along the year. Because of that, the availability of New and Renewable Energy (NRE) sources to overcome these problems are vital. Up until this moment, several types of NRE such as water energy, geothermal, and bioenergy have been utilized. However, the utilization capacity is pretty low and needs to be enhanced, either by optimizing the existing NRE or by exploring other type of non-fossil energy source as alternative NREs. One of the non fossil energy sources that have the potential is the wind energy. Indonesia has many areas that have the potential for developing PLTB because they have an average annual wind speed of 3.4-4.5 seconds or have an energy between 200 kWh/m to 1000 kWh/m. In operation, the exhaust emissions produced by wind power plants in the form of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and atmospheric pollutants are less when compared to power plants using fossil fuels. In addition, carbon dioxide emissions from wind power plants are only one hundredth of that of fossil fuels. Thus, it can be said that the development of electricity with wind power has good prospects to be applied in several regions in Indonesia.
Solar Energy Hybrid Control System Design Photovoltaic Using Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Ramadan Ramadan Salem
Published: July 2021

Design of hybrid control system of solar energy and State Electricity Company electrical energy using fuzzy logic controller aimed to set the time switch control with State Electricity Company electrical energy. The control system uses fuzzy logic to control when the dynamic load is supplied by the solar array and when supplied by a source of electricity. Input of fuzzy logic is the intensity of sunlight, the load current and the percentage of state of charge of the battery. The output of the fuzzy logic is a dynamic load of electricity supplied by the source. Switch on time is dependent on the three input. Results of experiments with the initial battery state of charge by 25%, switch control on at the time outside the peak load and can maintain the condition of the battery state of charge between 20-90%. Daily load changes of ± 20% does not affect the performance of the switch control (works well).
Sustainable Development on Indonesian Environmental Risk Assessment
Authors: Basoeki Agastyo Djanardono , Herdiansyah Herdis , Adhitya Wardhana Yuki M.
Published: July 2021

Environmental risks in Bank financing activities arguably draw considerable attention in current era, efforts to mitigate these risks are one way for the Bank to achieve sustainable development. Nevertheless, there are no universal consensus of what environmental risks. This paper will summarize and define environmental risk from several previous studies using literature reviews, in order to obtain a comprehensive summary of the definition of environmental risk for bank financing especially in Indonesia. Furthermore, this study will also describe the mitigation that has been carried out by Banks in Indonesia in dealing with these risks, as well as other efforts that can be taken to better mitigate these risks. The study results found that environmental risk consists of: Transition Risk, Physical Risk, Liability Risk, Legality Risk and Reputation Risk. This study also finds that banks in Indonesia still do not have adequate mitigation against these risks. Transition, legality, and reputation risks can be optimally mitigated by enhancing the Bank’s management capabilities, especially in improving the company’s human resources in environmental protection efforts. Physical and liability risks on the other hand can be further mitigated by increasing the minimum required insurance coverage for the Bank’s debtors including environmental liability insurance and weather insurance.
Contribution of Oil Palm Plantation to Household in Kolaka District of Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Saediman Haji , Rahmayana Rahmayana , Indarsyih Yusna , Budi Nuryamin , Yunus Lukman
Published: July 2021

The study aimed to find out the contribution of oil palm plantation to the household income of villagers in Kolaka District. The study was conducted in three villages in an oil palm plantation zone in Tanggetada sub-district, Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi. We selected 73 respondents from the three villages, representing partner farmers, casual workers in the plantation, and partner-farmers who were casual workers. A questionnaire-based interview method and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) were used to collect data and information. Research results showed that 68.5% of respondents perceived the plantation to have contributed positively to the household income. The average annual income they received from the plantation was Rp18,915,818 or 57.5% of the total household income. While the present income level was rated slightly better than before, respondents rated the stability of income and the suitability with skills as “same as before,” and rated leisure time and work satisfaction as “worse than before.” The local government and the plantation company should maximize the plantation’s livelihood benefits to enhance social sustainability of oil palm production.
Protecting Biodiversity: The Importance of Understanding the Role of Government and Society in Human-Urban Wildlife Interaction in Indonesia
Authors: Puspitasari Peni , Herdiansyah Herdis , Asteria Donna
Published: July 2021

Indonesia is a tropical country that is endowed with high biodiversity. Ironically, it turns out that Indonesia is one of the countries with a high level of loss of biodiversity. Indonesia, especially in big cities like Jabodetabek, has experienced a high urban expansion. This change becomes, the occurrence of changes in wildlife to urban wildlife that increases the interaction between humans and urban wildlife. This paper examines the importance of urban wildlife in Indonesia by summarizing several multidisciplinary studies in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the issues and problems that exist in Indonesian urban wildlife and how important the role of government and society is in Urban Human-Wildlife Interaction in Indonesia. Land conversion, ignorance and lack of knowledge about urban wildlife, likewise the influence of economic and political factors in regulation that are issues in urban wildlife in Indonesia. The dimensions are likely to be the main drivers of urban area management, and they need to be properly implemented and integrated in all phases of management.
Habitat characteristics and population of leptophryne javanica in Curug Cisurian, Kopi Bojong, and Ciinjuk in Gunung Ciremai National Park
Authors: Karyaningsih Ika , Nurdin  , Indra W , Herlina Nina , Nurlaila Ai
Published: July 2021

Mount Ciremai National Park (TNGC) has a high diversity of flora and fauna, one of which is Leptophryne javanica. Amphibians of the Ordo Anura are declared as new species. Habitat disturbance and destruction by natural and human activities is one of the main threats to the extinction of this species. The purpose of this study was to determine the habitat characteristics and populations of the Leptophryne javanica species in TNGC. The method used in this study is the analysis of vegetation as well as data collection on environmental physical conditions for habitats and capture mark re-capture for population data. Correlation analysis used is the rank sperman. Based on the results of research on vegetation at the tree and pole level that dominates is Nangsi (Villebrun rubescens ) while at the lower plant and seedling level is Balakacida (Barreria laevis ). Physical environmental parameters that significantly affect the species of Leptophryne javanica are water temperature with a value (-min) -0.953, this shows that the lower the water temperature at a certain level, the more the number of Leptophryne javanica populations will be found
Characteristics of Dry Carrot Noodle (Daucus carota L) with Proportion of Wheat Flour and White Oyster Mushroom Flour (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors: Hudi L , Saidi I A , Azara R , Pratiwi T R
Published: July 2021

Dry noodles are food processed products made from wheat flour with or without the addition of other food ingredients with a moisture content of around 8 to 10%, this product is very popular with the public. This study studied the effect of the proportion of white oyster mushroom flour with wheat flour on the characteristics of dry carrot noodles. The proportions given include; 100% wheat flour, 20% mushroom flour with 80% wheat flour, 40% mushroom flour with 60% flour, 60% mushroom flour with 40% wheat flour, 80% mushroom flour with 20% wheat flour, and the proportion of mushroom flour 100 %. The experimental design used a single randomized block design, then statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and further test of BNJ 5%. The results showed that the proportion of mushroom flour with wheat flour had a very significant effect on cooking loss, physical color redness, moisture content, protein content and color sensory tests, aroma, texture, and taste on dry carrot noodles. Also had a significant effect on physical texture and beta-carotene levels, and had no significant effect on lightness and yellowness on the physical color test. The best treatment in making dry carrot noodles is the proportion of 20% wheat flour with 80% mushroom flour, which shows the results of the analysis of cooking loss (6.46%), lightness (15.76), redness (-2.4), yellowness (4.95). ), physical texture (1.57 kg/cm2), water content (50.82%), protein content (15.45%)and organoleptic test for color 3.67 (neutral ), aroma 4.00 (like), texture 3.33 (neutral), taste 3.67 (neutral).
Optimization and Validation Methods for Assay of Acyclovir Cream Determination by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Zaenudin Muhamad , Situmorang Almawati , Supandi S
Published: July 2021

The aim this study is to obtain an effective and efficient of method for assay of acyclovir cream determination. Chromatographic separation on a reverse phase a YMC - Triart C18 column (4.6 x 150 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase consisted of water and acetonitrile (95: 5 v/v) at a flow rate 1.2 mL/min with UV-Vis detection at 252 nm, volume injected was 20 μL, with UV detection at 252.0 nm. The retention time of acyclovir was ± 3.5 min. Validation studies were achieved by using the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, accuracy, selectivity parameter. The LOD and LOQ values were 0.27 µg/mL and 0.83 µg/mL. The average standard deviation (RSD) value of precision is 0.35% and accuracy is 0.34%. Robustness shows that the method is resistant to variation in the mobile phase, the Acyclovir cream analysis method meets the ICH 1994 requirements, so it can be applied to the assay of Acyclovir determination in Cream dosage forms.
A cross-sectional study of vitamin A, C and D and Iron daily intake among adolescents and its correlation with over nutrition status
Authors: Putri M A M , Indarto D , Widyaningsih V
Published: July 2021

Obesity in adolescents has significantly increased in the last ten years, characterized by high consumption of unhealthy diet such as drinking sugar sweetened beverages and eating fast foods. Such foods contain high carbohydrates, high saturated fats, low fibers and low micronutrients like vitamin A, C, and D, and Fe. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation of daily micronutrients intake and over-nutrition status in adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 45 adolescents with over nutrition in Surakarta city. Data of daily vitamin A, C, and D and Fe were collected using a 24 hours’ food recall questionnaire, which was then converted using a free Nutrisurvey software whilst over nutrition status was determined using the World Health Organization Anthro chart. To assess the correlation of individual variable with over-nutrition status, the Rank Spearman test was used and the multiple linear regression test was used to analyze all together variables with over-nutrition status. Daily intake of Vitamin A (r = 0.052; p = 0.736), vitamin C (r = 0.113; p = 0.459), and Fe (r = 0.106; p = 0.487) were not correlated with over-nutrition status but vitamin D intake significantly correlated with over-nutrition status (r = -0.410; p = 0.005). In conclusion, daily micronutrients intake has different correlations with over-nutrition status among adolescents.
The teak log volume estimation model for Sawn Timber: Case in Forest Management Unit (FMU) Bojonegoro – Perhutani – East Java - Indonesia
Authors: Abdulah L , Imanuddin R , Utama A P
Published: July 2021

Cultivation of teak continues to be developed. The decision to harvest teak trees depends on the economic value. The economic value of the teak tree is the money value contained in the teak trunk which is divided into parts which are then called nodes. The determination of the part is based on the diameter size. Perhutani recognizes three classes of nodes namely A1 (10 - 19 cm), A2 (20 - 29 cm) and A3 (> 30 cm) and are expressed in the log volume table (TVL). Perhutani’s TVL stated the relationship between tree circumference and log volume. This relationship is expressed in the estimator model and classified by nodes. To enter these numbers using constants that are difficult to account for. For this reason, this study aims to provide a volume estimator model for teak logs. The method used is a destructive method and regression analysis. The results showed that TVL in FMU can be explained based on the class of nodes but ignores the place of growth. The shape of the model is compound. This model works well at tree circumference intervals of 50 - 250 cm. Research like this needs to be propagated with wider tree circumference intervals.
Alternative income of Tomini Bay Coastal Communities (case study in Bone Bolango District, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia)
Authors: Yapanto Lis M , Harahab Nuddin , Musa Dahniar Th.
Published: July 2021

This study aims to assess the household diversification of coastal fishing on the welfare of coastal communities in the District of Kabila Bone, Bolango District, for 5 months, since October 2019-December 2019. Samples of the coastal community of 200 people, making do with a survey method. The data collected are primary data and secondary data were done by using observation, interview techniques, documentation techniques. Based on the model developed from the relevant theory, then tested on a model using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) based on SMART PLUS. The results of the analysis of business diversification models suggest that the utilization of environmental services does not affect the welfare of coastal communities.
NANOEMULATION OF MIXED Tephrosia vogelii AND Piper aduncum AS AN ALTERNATIVE CONTROL OF CABBAGE PEST Crocidolomia pavonana
Authors: Lina Eka Candra , Reflin  , Erlina Lei Harismi , Tama Duma Putri
Published: July 2021

Nanoemulsion is a preparation consisting of an oil phase and a water phase with particle sizes in the range of 20-200 nm. The study aimed to obtain a mixed nanoemulsion fromPiper aduncumfruit andTephrosia vogeliileaves as an active botanical insecticide against larvae ofCrocidolomia pavonana. Nanoemulsions were made using a low energy method, namely spontaneous emulsification using a magnetic stirrer and then followed by a toxicity test. The nanoemulsion toxicity test was carried out singly and in a mixture onC. pavonanalarvae using the deep leaf method. The results showed that at the LC50 and LC95 nanoemulsion of mixtureT. vogeliiandP. aduncumextract was synergistic and showed higher activity than a single nanoemulsion ofT. vogeliiandP. aduncum.
Robotics in Shared Service Centers in Emerging Economies
Authors: Pérez-Morón James , Marrugo-Salas Lina
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper provides a better understanding of Robotic Process Automation-RPA phenomena on the accounting / management activities of Shared Service Centers-SSCs in emerging economies specifically in Latin America - LATAM. Due to the rawness of RPA concept in this attractive region for SSCs, this study aims to explore how automation will affect the future of accounting work in SSCs. This research uses a qualitative approach; it has chosen a single case study meth-od based on purposive sampling as well as semi-structured interviews. A literature review was conducted to analyze the relevant research papers related to RPA within the Scopus Web of Science databases ranging from year 2006 until present. An analysis has been outlined following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. This study provides an understanding of organizational changes on accounting /management processes. 33% of all positions from the SSC were eliminated, which its 40% were part of the accounting staff. The existing accounting positions after RPA were associated to decision makings and information analysis. The case demonstrates that RPA generates cost savings, is not perfect and re-quires initial human interaction and monitoring. To the best of author’s knowledge, there is no article on RPA in SSC’s based in LATAM. The authors help to close this gap, particularly in equipping SCSs in LATAM with knowledge in accounting and management areas that may be automated.
Energy savings in compressed air systems a case of study
Authors: Hernández Herrera H , Villalba D Patiño , Angarita E Noriega , Silva Ortega J I , Caraballo Echavarría C A
Published: July 2021

The compressed air applications are highly used in the industrial sector due to its easy transportation, safety, purity, cleanliness and storage capacity. In many regions, compressed air system accounts for about 10% of the industrial electricity energy bill. However, compressed air is expensive because around 30% of the consumed energy is used for these systems in an industrial facility. Energy used to be lost as leaks, pressure drops, heat, misuse, among others. Several energy efficiencies measures help to improve energy savings in companies such as: pressure reduction, reduce the inlet air temperature, use a well-calculated capacity tank for storage, control heat recovery and reduce leaks, giving potential energy savings in a range between the 20% to 60%, with a return of investment not higher than two years. As result, this document analyzes the energy efficiency measures that can be considered for compressed air systems applications, calculates the energy saving potentials, and assesses a case of study in a company in the city of Barranquilla.
The discharge and shell temperatures in hermetic compressors during its operation in tropical weather conditions
Authors: Arencibia Avila K.J. , Mendoza Fandiño J.M. , Cabello Eras J.J. , Sagastume Gutiérrez A. , Fernández Periche F.
Published: July 2021

Hermetic compressors are essential components of domestic refrigerators and freezers and are usually designed to operate in ambient temperatures under 32°C. This study measures the discharge and shell temperatures of hermetic compressors at different ambient temperatures. To this end, calorimetric tests are conducted in three different hermetic compressors to define the impact of tropical ambient temperatures on the discharge and shell temperatures. Environmental temperatures of 35, and 38°C and voltages of 93, 115, and 127 V were considered during the tests. Thi results are compared to the nominal parameters at 32°C and 115V. Furthermore, to identify if the wear-out of the different components affect the discharge and shell temperatures, the three compressors were tested in the calorimeter after an accelerated life test. In all cases, the evaporation temperature was controlled at -23 °C. Results show that the discharge and shell temperatures of hermetic compressors increase with the ambient temperature. Additionally, it is evidenced that the technology of hermetic compressors strongly influences the discharge and shell temperatures.
Artificial intelligence model for the prediction of malignant tumors using a set of medical images from mammography studies
Authors: Sánchez S A , Morales A D , Arroyo M F , Asís y H D
Published: July 2021

Currently, the diagnosis of tumors and malignant cells through imaging studies is a great challenge for expert medical personnel, due to the complexity of achieving an early prediction of cancer cells, which would allow to accelerate early medical treatments. Today, technologies have become a fundamental ally for the health sector, specifically the area of artificial intelligence, which has permeated many disciplines, generating important advances. Advances in parallel computing, GPU technology, and deep learning have made real-time image processing easier. The main objective of this research was to generate a deep learning model for the prediction of malignant cells in medical images of diagnosed mammograms. Using the previously trained model based on Faster R-CNN, with the ResNet function extractor. This model works in the Python programming language, using the Tensorflow framework and the OpenCv library. The algorithms were previously trained through the DDSM and MIAS open medical image databases, published on the web. This model not only focuses on recognizing and classifying malignant cells in the image, but also on the location of objects within it, appropriately drawing a bounding box. One of the latent challenges of these models since their inception has been the consumption of computing, but today they have been optimized so much that they allow freezing the pre-trained models by loading them in the memory of the devices, managing to use them in computers without GPUs. As a result, it was found that the Faster R-CNN method with the Resnet 101 extractor offers great advantages of precision and speed when it comes to detecting malignant tumors, studies that can serve as a great contribution to the bets of this algorithm in the health sector.
Designing a system with machine learning to formative research projects management
Authors: Pineda C. , Morales A. , Lopez L. , Benitez C. , Sanchez S.
Published: July 2021

Artificial intelligence is marked among emerging technologies and is one of the most projected expectations for future dates. In the last decade this technology has been implemented in various sectors, without leaving the education and research sector, generating positive results. Among the most demanded algorithms are machine learning, because it gives the ability to “learn” to machines and information systems through experience and not rely only on data from system inputs in a given context. For this reason and also because of the difficulty that students and teachers express in the elaboration of training research documents, the objective of this research is to design a system that assists the user in the construction of the different sections of a formative research project. The research is descriptive and technological development. Among the results found is the behavior of the proposed system and identifies the different technologies to be used for future development. It is concluded that the system is structured by the MVC(Model View-Controller) architectural pattern which facilitates the scalability and maintenance of the system in the future, in addition to the implementation of the libraries of Python, NLTK(Natural Language Toolkit), Scikit-learn, Tensor Flow and Keras, allow the system to fully use machine learning for scientific and academic text prediction.
Airfoil Shape Optimization: Comparative Study of Meta-heuristic Algorithms, Airfoil Parameterization Methods and Reynolds Number Impact
Authors: Hoyos JoséD , Jímenez Jesús H , Echavarría Camilo , Alvarado Juan P
Published: July 2021

The aerodynamic efficiency in airfoil theory is defined as the ratio between the lift and drag force, which is the main objective function to be maximized in a wide kind of vehicle design due to its strong relationship between fuel consumption and range. This work employs the 4-digits NACA parameterization, a recently developed 6-parameters method, and the PARSEC technique with a correction of the matrices available in the literature, to compare the computational cost and the ability to achieved higher efficiency of these parameterizations. A genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization routines are developed and implemented in Matlab, also a sine-cosine algorithm is tested, where Xfoil and the open-source computational fluid dynamic software OpenFOAM are coupled with the optimization algorithms. Finally, a Reynolds number impact study is performed related to the airfoil shape and the angle of attack which maximizes the aerodynamic efficiency. The results showed a faster convergence for the particle swarm optimization and the highest aerodynamic efficiency achieved by the 6-parameter method. Furthermore, with a higher Reynolds number, a higher angle of attack for the optimum lift-to-drag ratio as well a less camber is obtained.
Exergetic Analysis of a Parabolic Trough Collector System Operating with Different Heat Transfer Fluids
Authors: Carrillo G E , Cárdenas Y
Published: July 2021

Solar concentrating systems are one of the most promising technologies to supply process heat or generate electricity. Responding to the global problem of increasing pollutants in the atmosphere and contributing to the diversification of the world’s energy matrix. In this sense, the Parabolic Trough Collector system represents the technology with the greatest technological maturity and hours of commercial operation. Thus, this paper presents an exergetic analysis of this type of system, based on the configuration of a system installed in the city of Itajuba-MG, Brazil. As a way to identify the improvement potentials of this type of system and thus obtain performance improvements. In the initial stage, the exergetic balance on the system’s receiver is developed. The effect of the loss of exergy and the destruction of exergy on the exergy of the fluid inside the receiver tube is determined. In the next stage, the required parameters were defined to calculate the terms defined in the first stage. Among these parameters is the effect of exergy of solar irradiation, heat losses, the optical efficiency of the collector, and heat absorbed by the heat transfer fluid. The results obtained show that the optical losses of the collectors of this type of plant represent one of the main causes of exergy losses. Additionally, it was possible to determine that for low-temperature applications, water allows the best exergetic use.
Prototype virtual assistant as a tool to support research activities at CORPOSUCRE
Authors: Pineda-Pertuz C M , Romero H J , Vergara J A , Morales A D , Sánchez A
Published: July 2021

Chatbots have become widely used tools in different fields of society, such as in industry, banking, health among other sectors. Their success is mainly that they can provide assistance to people quickly and in a timely manner no matter the time or place where the user is located. This project consisted of a virtual assistant (chatbot) based on artificial intelligence more specifically in the subfield of natural language processing (NLP). Basically what was intended with this prototype is to provide remote assistance to teachers and especially to students researchers of the Antonio José de Sucre Corporation answering their questions on research-related issues, particularly to support those who start in this field and wish to clarify some aspects related to the exercise of research within the institution. The system has been developed with open source tools in its latest versions, it is also modular in nature to facilitate its maintenance and easy integration with other programs, and in addition to being a web-oriented system can be deployed on a wide variety of devices which has greatly facilitated its validation.
A bibliometric analysis of the uses of the cocoa pod shell
Authors: Rincón-Quintero A D , Portillo-Valdés L A Del , Cárdenas-Arias C G , Tarazona-Romero B E , Rondón-Romero W L , Durán-Sarmiento M A
Published: July 2021

The research explores the use of cocoa pod shell (CPS) in rural areas and accessible to the cocoa farmer, applying VOSviewer software. The results show that the production of ethanol or biochar with CPS is not feasible, the first due to its low sugar content and the second, due to the requirement of processes with high temperatures for the extraction of different chemical compounds (i.e activated carbon). On the other hand, obtaining pellets represents a viable energy potential, since the calorific value is competitive with other biomass; Also, through anaerobic digestion under the ideal conditions, it can generate 55% in biogas of the solid matter used. Additionally, the ashes produced in direct combustion or pellets rep-resent an excellent catalyst, which can be used in transesterification, for the generation of biodiesel, used with other residual oils, giving a plus in the efficient use of resources.
Analysis of Envelopes Applied To Bioclimatic Architectures
Authors: Ascanio-Villabona J G , Sandoval-Rodriguez C L , Rincon-Quintero A D , Tarazona-Romero B E , Cárdenas-Arias C G , Quintero Ruiz A , Jaimes-Quintero K T
Published: July 2021

In the last decade, retrofitting strategies have been reviewed to improve energy efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of existing buildings [1]. A modernization strategy consists of an architectural design based on bioclimatic characteristics. The exploitation of climatic indicators and the use of passive strategies are among the central principles of this design approach [2]. The main objective of this study is to provide an extensive review of the different building envelopes with the adoption of high-performance materials or systems to improve human thermal comfort.
The effect of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charging on fuel consumption and tail-pipe emissions
Authors: Mandev Ahmet , Plötz Patrick , Sprei Frances
Published: July 2021

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) have an electric motor and an internal combustion engine and can reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from transport. However, their environmental benefit strongly depends on the charging behaviour. Several studies have analysed the GHG emissions from upstream electricity production, yet the impact of individual charging behaviour on PHEV tail-pipe carbon emissions has not been quantified from empirical data so far. Here, we use daily driving data from 7,491 Chevrolet Volt PHEV with a total 3.4 million driving days in the US and Canada to fill this gap. We quantify the effect of daily charging on the electric driving share and the individual fuel consumption. We find that even a minor deviation from charging every driving day significantly increases fuel consumption and thus tail-pipe emissions. Our results show that reducing charging from every day to 9 out of 10 days, increases fuel consumption on average by 1.85 ± 0.03 l/100 km or 42.7 ± 0.8 gCO2 km−1 tail-pipe emissions (± on standard error). Charging more than once per driving day has less impact in our sample, this must occur during at least 20% of driving days to have a noteworthy effect. Even then, a 10% increase in frequency only has moderate effect of decreasing fuel consumption on average by 0.08 ± 0.02 l/100 km or 1.86 ± 0.46 gCO2 km−1 tail-pipe emissions. Our results illustrate the importance of providing adequate charging infrastructure and incentives for PHEV users to charge their vehicles on a regular basis in order to ensure that their environmental impact is small as even long-range PHEVs can have a noteworthy share of conventional fuel use when not regularly charged.
Gβγ regulates mitotic Golgi fragmentation and G2/M cell cycle progression
Authors: Rajanala Kalpana , Klayman Lauren M. , Wedegaertner Philip B.
Published: July 2021

G protein βγ subunits function noncanonically at the Golgi to regulate the fission of plasma membrane-destined transport vesicles. Depletion and inhibition of Gβγ were used to demonstrate a new role for Gβγ in regulating fragmentation of the Golgi as cells enter mitosis and in regulating proper progression through G2/M.
Review of Spider Ecology During Carrion Decomposition, with a Field Study on Density and Taxa Richness in Pitfall Trap Captures of Geophilic Spiders (Aranea: Anyphaenidae, Corinnidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Salticidae)
Authors: De Jong Grant D , Meyer Florencia , Goddard Jerome
Published: July 2021

During a recent pig carrion succession study in northwest Florida, United States, we noticed an abundance of spiders but found that literature on spider ecology at carrion is sparse and scattered. We compiled a literature review of 569 carrion succession studies, of which 37 studies specifically mentioned the presence of spiders, with less than a third providing species-level identifications and only half providing family-level identifications. Nineteen spider families have been reported at carrion in the literature. Spiders are recognized as generalist, opportunistic predators in carrion succession studies, but only 38% of the studies that mentioned spiders during carrion succession included any ecological information. Data on spiders in the present experiment were compared to background samples, finding that the difference in abundance was statistically significant for all spider species combined. Seven species of spiders from five families were identified from both background and carrion succession samples; statistical differences in abundance were found for three species: the linyphiid Florinda coccinea and the lycosids Tigrosa annexa and Pirata seminolus. The family Corinnidae is reported from carrion for the first time. This research reviews the existing literature on spider ecology during carrion succession, provides additional data on species identity and abundance, and demonstrates the potential significance of spiders in carrion ecology and forensic investigations.
Enhanced lateral flow testing strategies in care homes are associated with poor adherence and were insufficient to prevent COVID-19 outbreaks: results from a mixed methods implementation study
Authors: Tulloch John S P , Micocci Massimo , Buckle Peter , Lawrenson Karen , Kierkegaard Patrick , McLister Anna , Gordon Adam L , García-Fiñana Marta , Peddie Steve , Ashton Matthew , Buchan Iain , Parvulescu Paula
Published: July 2021

Introduction

Care homes have been severely affected by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Rapid antigen testing could identify most SARS-CoV-2 infected staff and visitors before they enter homes. We explored implementation of staff and visitor testing protocols using lateral flow devices (LFDs).

Methods

An evaluation of a SARS-CoV-2 LFD-based testing protocol in 11 care homes in Liverpool, UK, including staff and visitor testing, plus a qualitative exploratory study in nine of these homes. The proportion of pilot homes with outbreaks, and outbreak size, were compared to non-pilot homes in Liverpool. Adherence to testing protocols was evaluated. Fifteen staff were interviewed, and transcript data were thematically coded using an iterative analysis to identify and categorize factors influencing testing implementation.

Results

In total, 1,638 LFD rapid tests were performed on 407 staff. Protocol adherence was poor with 8.6% of staff achieving >75% protocol adherence, and 25.3% achieving $\ge$50%. Six care homes had outbreaks during the study. Compared to non-pilot care homes, there was no evidence of significant difference in the proportion of homes with outbreaks, or the size of outbreaks. Qualitative data showed difficulty implementing testing strategies due to excessive work burden. Factors influencing adherence related to test integration and procedural factors, socio-economic factors, cognitive overload and the emotional value of testing.

Conclusion

Implementation of staff and visitor care home LFD testing protocols was poorly adhered to and consequently did not reduce the number or scale of COVID-19 outbreaks. More focus is needed on the contextual and behavioural factors that influence protocol adherence.