bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol-nitric oxide donor hybrid effect on priapism in sickle cell and nitric oxide-deficient mouse
Authors: Pinheiro Andressa Kely , Pereira Dalila Andrade , dos Santos Jean Leandro , Calmasini Fabiano Beraldi , Alexandre Eduardo Costa , Reis Leonardo Oliveira , Burnett Arthur L. , Costa Fernando Ferreira , Silva Fábio Henrique
Published: June 2022

Background

Children and adult with sickle cell disease (SCD) display priapism associated with low nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and oxidative stress in penis.

Aim

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hybrid compound RVT-FxMe, derived from resveratrol bearing a NO-donor subunit, on two murine model that display priapism phenotype, SCD transgenic mice and endothelial NO synthase gene-deficient (eNOS-/-) mice.

Methods

Wild-type, SCD, and eNOS-/- mice were treated with RVT-FxMe (25 mg/kg/d, 2 weeks).

Outcomes

Hematological parameters, concentration-response curves to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), as well as to electrical field stimulation (EFS), were obtained in mice corpus cavernosum strips.

Results

Corpus cavernosum relaxations to SNP and EFS were increased in eNOS-/- group, which were normalized by RVT-FxMe treatment. SCD mice exhibited an excessive CC relaxant response induced by ACh, EFS and SNP RVT-FxMe treatment did not change the increased relaxant responses to ACh, EFS and SNP in corpus cavernosum from SCD group.

Clinical translation

Excess of plasma hemoglobin in SCD may interfere in pharmacological activity of NO donors compounds.

Strength/Limitations

While mechanistic data with promising potential is showed, the current study is not without limitations. RVT-FxMe effects in the mid- and long-term warrant complementary studies.

Conclusion

Treatment with RVT-FxMe reversed the enhanced NO-cGMP-mediated CC relaxations in eNOS-/- mice, but not in SCD mice; it is likely that excess of plasma hemoglobin in SCD mice act to inactivate NO before it reaches soluble guanylyl cyclase, avoiding restoration of NO bioavailability in penis.
INTEGRATION RELATIONS OF ALTAI TERRITORY WITH THE SIBERIAN REGIONS: PREREQUISITES FOR FORMATION AND RESEARCH LIMITATIONS
Authors: Trotskovsky A. Ya. , Perekarenkova Yu. A. , Rodionova L. V. , Sergienko A. M.
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the characterization of the prerequisites for formation and limitations of the study of the integration ties of the Altai Territory with the regions of the Siberian Federal District. The results of a study focused on the development of theoretical and methodological foundations of mechanisms and driving forces for formation of integrated socio-economic space of Altai Territory with the regions of the Siberian Federal District and an assessment of the integration potential of Altai Territory are presented. The conclusion is made about the need for systematization and generalization of literature on this topic.

The conclusion about the insufficient economic potential of Altai Territory to overcome а lag behind other regions of the SFD in terms of socio-economic development and to activate of interregional ties is substantiated. A noticeable integration potential is inherent in the food industry, although there are a number of obstacles for its implementation. The influence of coke production, machinery and equipment on the interregional trade scale is significant. The estimation of changes in the population incomes of Altai Territory at various stages of the economy is given.

The limitations of the research of the interregional movement of goods and population imposed by specifics of statistical accounting are considered. An assessment of consequences of inadequate reflection of commodity and migration flows on the study results is given.
The Global Incidence of Peptic Ulcer Disease Is Decreasing Since the Turn of the 21st Century: A Study of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)
Authors: Azhari Hassan , King James A. , Coward Stephanie , Windsor Joseph W. , Ma Christopher , Shah Shailja C. , Ng Siew C. , Mak Joyce W.Y. , Kotze Paulo G. , Ben-Horin Shomron , Loftus Edward V. , Lees Charlie W. , Gearry Richard , Burisch Johan , Lakatos Peter L. , Calvet Xavier , Bosques Padilla Francisco Javier , Underwood Fox E. , Kaplan Gilaad G.
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common cause of hospitalization worldwide. We assessed temporal trends in hospitalization for PUD in 36 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries since the turn of the 21st century.

METHODS:

The OECD database contains data on PUD-related hospital discharges and mortality for 36 countries between 2000 and 2019. Hospitalization rates for PUD were expressed as annual rates per 100,000 persons. Joinpoint regression models were used to calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each country, which were pooled using meta-analyses. The incidence of PUD was forecasted to 2021 using autoregressive integrated moving average and Poisson regression models.

RESULTS:

The overall median hospitalization rate was 42.4 with an interquartile range of 29.7–60.6 per 100,000 person-years. On average, hospitalization rates (AAPC = −3.9%; 95% CI: −4.4, −3.3) and morality rates (AAPC = −4.7%; 95% CI: −5.6, −3.8) for PUD have decreased from 2000 to 2019 globally. The forecasted incidence of PUD hospitalizations in 2021 ranged from 3.5 per 100,000 in Mexico to 92.1 per 100,000 in Lithuania. Across 36 countries in the OECD, 329,000 people are estimated to be hospitalized for PUD in 2021.

DISCUSSION:

PUD remains an important cause of hospitalization worldwide. Reassuringly, hospitalizations and mortality for PUD have consistently been falling in OECD countries in North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia, and Oceania. Identifying underlying factors driving these trends is essential to sustaining this downward momentum.
Whole Exome Sequencing Reveals Genetic Variants in HLA Class II Genes Associated With Transplant-free Survival of Indeterminate Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Liao Tsung-Jen , Pan Bohu , Hong Huixiao , Hayashi Paul , Rule Jody A. , Ganger Daniel , Lee William M. , Rakela Jorge , Chen Minjun
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Indeterminate acute liver failure (IND-ALF) is a rare clinical syndrome with a high mortality rate. Lacking a known etiology makes rapid evaluation and treatment difficult, with liver transplantation often considered as the only therapeutic option. Our aim was to identify genetic variants from whole exome sequencing data that might be associated with IND-ALF clinical outcomes.

METHODS:

Bioinformatics analysis was performed on whole exome sequencing data for 22 patients with IND-ALF. A 2-tier approach was used to identify significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with IND-ALF clinical outcomes. Tier 1 identified the SNPs with a higher relative risk in the IND-ALF population compared with those identified in control populations. Tier 2 determined the SNPs connected to transplant-free survival and associated with model for end-stage liver disease serum sodium and Acute Liver Failure Study Group prognostic scores.

RESULTS:

Thirty-one SNPs were found associated with a higher relative risk in the IND-ALF population compared with those in controls, of which 11 belong to the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes but none for the class I. Further analysis showed that 5 SNPs: rs796202376, rs139189937, and rs113473719 of HLA-DRB5; rs9272712 of HLA-DQA1; and rs747397929 of IDO1 were associated with a higher probability of IND-ALF transplant-free survival. Using 3 selected SNPs, a model for the polygenic risk score was developed to predict IND-ALF prognoses, which are comparable with those by model for end-stage liver disease serum sodium and Acute Liver Failure Study Group prognostic scores.

DISCUSSION:

Certain gene variants in HLA-DRB5, HLA-DQA1, and IDO1 were found associated with IND-ALF transplant-free survival. Once validated, these identified SNPs may help elucidate the mechanism of IND-ALF and assist in its diagnosis and management.
Contribuição de Aspectos Naturais e Antropogênicos para Análise do Perigo à Inundação em Campinas-SP
Authors: Pessôa Vinícius Marques Müller , Cecagno Camila Frandi , Camargo Danilo Mangaba de , Marques Mara Lúcia
Published: June 2022

As inundações são fenômenos naturais, que podem causar impacto ambiental conforme as alterações de cobertura e uso do solo, com a intensificação demográfica e crescimento urbano. Assim, o propósito deste estudo foi incluir a relação entre os sistemas naturais e antrópicos na elaboração dos modelos de análise do perigo à inundação. A partir de análise espacial foram gerados modelos de perigo à inundação, empregando o método de sobreposição ponderada e a análise pareada de critérios pelo Processo Analítico Hierárquico (AHP), considerando os parâmetros hipsometria, densidade, tipos de solos, densidade de drenagem, pluviometria, tipos de solos, cobertura vegetal original e uso e cobertura, nas datas 1975 e 2018. As classes de uso e cobertura do solo (urbano, agrícola, solo exposto, vegetação arbórea e rasteira, água e outros) foram obtidas pelo processo de classificação por regiões das imagens LANDSAT, utilizando o classificador por máxima verossimilhança. Observou-se alterações das classes Alto e Muito Alto, ao comparar as alterações entre os modelos de perigo natural e antropogênico à inundação de 1975 e de 2018, que passaram a ocupar 225,7km² (28,63%) e 26,59km² (3,37%) em 1975, e 260,97km² (33,09%) e 22,88km² (2,90%) em 2018. Destaca-se que as maiores alterações das áreas de perigo Alto foram observadas nas bacias do Rio Capivari de 34,3km² (1975) e 56,8km² (2018), Ribeirão Anhumas de 28,4km² (1975) e 35,4km² (2018), Ribeirão Quilombo de 14,1km² (1975) e 22,8km² (2018), e Rio Atibaia 20,6km² (1975) e 13,4km² (2018). Atribui-se a variação do perigo alto de inundação nessas bacias ao adensamento populacional e impermeabilização do solo, como consequência da expansão urbana em áreas de planícies fluviais, que alteram o escoamento e infiltração das águas superficiais.
Cartografia Rápida: uma Abordagem das Principais Variáveis nos Desastres de Inundação e Modelagem Conceitual da Consciência Situacional
Authors: Perrut Raphael Heleno Pinho , Brito Luciano Augusto Terra
Published: June 2022

O Brasil é um dos principais países do mundo no que se refere a impactos causados por inundações. Dessa forma, o gerenciamento desse tipo de desastre é de suma importância para que os impactos, como a perda de vidas e prejuízos socioeconômicos, possam ser mitigados. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo, portanto, apresentar uma abordagem para extração das principais variáveis concernentes aos desastres de inundação e também apresentar a modelagem conceitual em UML (Unified Modeling Language) da consciência situacional de modo a direcionar a produção cartográfica, agilizando o seu suprimento, e auxiliando, assim, na atuação tempestiva das equipes no enfrentamento desses desastres. Para isso, foi realizado e aplicado um questionário a técnicos das defesas civis dos estados do Rio de Janeiro e de Santa Catarina. Foram elencadas 46 variáveis, extraídas de entrevistas exploratórias com técnicos dos referidos órgãos públicos, da literatura acadêmica, por meio de artigos científicos, e de relatórios de operações de treinamento do Exército Brasileiro. Foi então adotada a escala de Likert para o questionário e, a partir dos resultados obtidos, foi realizada uma análise paramétrica por meio da distribuição T de Student. Com base nessa análise, foi possível separar as 19 variáveis mais importantes dentre as 46. Em seguida, as variáveis foram separadas dentre os níveis da consciência situacional e posterior modelagem conceitual, de maneira que os produtores de geoinformação possam agir de forma melhor direcionada em apoio ao enfrentamento de desastres de inundações, de modo a subsidiar os tomadores de decisão com o suprimento cartográfico tempestivo.
Analysis of CaCO3 Impregnation on HY Zeolite Surface Area, Pore Size, and Activity in the Catalytic Cracking of Palm Oil to Biofuels
Authors: Febriansyar Rosyad Adrian , Riyanto Teguh , Istadi I.
Published: June 2022

Fossil energy sources are currently decreasing, requiring the development of alternative energy sources. Vegetable oil is a raw material for alternative renewable energy supplies. This study produced biofuels from vegetable oil using calcium carbonate (CaCO3)-impregnated HY catalysts. In addition, this study aimed to investigate the effect of CaCO3 impregnation on the surface area and the catalytic activity of catalysts in the palm oil cracking process to produce biofuels. The HY catalyst was modified by the wet impregnation method in 5 wt% CaCO3 solution and was further calcined at 550°C for three h. Furthermore, the catalysts were tested in a continuous fixed-bed catalytic reactor at 450°C. The catalyst properties were characterized using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) for pore size distribution, and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) for crystal structure and phases. The results showed that the addition of CaCO3 decreased surface area and pore volume; however, the pore size increased, which resulted in the production of heavy hydrocarbons. Interestingly, the introduction of CaCO3 enhanced the yield of Organic Liquid Product (OLP) and diesel-range hydrocarbons selectivity to reach 79.09% and 30.54%, respectively. Furthermore, the introduction of CaCO3 increased deoxygenation activity.
Očekávání jednoty v soudním rozhodování? K § 13 občanského zákoníku
Authors: Holčapek Tomáš , Šustek Petr
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the meaning and effect of section 13 of the Civil Code, which may arguably concern unity in judicial (and other) decisions and the need of explanation for a divergence from “precedent”. It contends that this provision does not per se create any obligation to follow previous decisions, but merely to explain why the court in a later case came to a different conclusion. If a “precedent” is neither a judgment (“nález”) of the Constitutional Court nor a specially published decision of another high-level court, it is up to the parties in the proceedings to draw the court’s attention to it. Otherwise they cannot legitimately expect the court to expressly discuss such prior decision.
Svéprávnost v občanském zákoníku a její recentní vývoj
Authors: Frintová Dita , Frinta Ondřej
Published: June 2022

The article focuses on the concept of legal capacity in the current Civil Code. Legal capacity, or better said, its extent, is determined by the degree of the mental and voluntary level of advancement of mankind. Following this, the authors question whether a legal person can also be legally capacitated in this sense if it is not endowed with its own reason and will. However, the legal regulation of autonomy has already changed during the first ten years existence of the Civil Code. The authors acquaint the reader with these changes in chronological order.
Dědické právo po přijetí občanského zákoníku a reflexe vybraných nových aspektů dědického práva v řízení o pozůstalosti
Authors: Macková Alena , Střeleček Tomáš
Published: June 2022

The article deals with selected theoretical and empirical aspects of inheritance law after enactment of Act No. 89/2012 Sb., Civil Code and new aspects of inheritance proceedings brought about to the proceedings due to Act No. 89/2012 Sb., Civil Code. These new aspects culminate in questions of reflection of authonomy of freewill in succession law in inheritance proceedings, and the respect of the freewill of the deceased in this proceedings, transition of debts to successors from the deceased and litigation of succession.
Smlouva o dílo s nehmotným výsledkem
Authors: Vojčík Peter
Published: June 2022

The Civil Code in the Czech Republic unified the legal regulation of contract law and removed dualism in this regulation. A work contract is a contract type in which intangible items are also the result of it. The Civil Code of the Czech Republic also enshrines special provisions for an intangible work. It points out the different types of intangible items that can be created or used in connection with a work contract. The author discusses the enacted legislation and points out other provisions that need to be applied to work contracts with intangible result. It analyzes the legal regime of contracts which result in copyrighted works, while also pointing out the copyright regulation of employee works, and separately analyzes work contracts whose subject matter is protected by industrial property law. It also points out the liability of the contractor towards the customer, regarding the delivered work as an intangible result, if the rights of third parties were violated.
Ako ďaleko sme si ešte blízki (na príklade rozhodovania o nemajetkovej ujme na zdraví)
Authors: Dulak Anton
Published: June 2022

The development of private law in the last two decades has been marked by an increase in actions for compensation for non-pecuniary damage to health and life. Claimants’ demands for the amount of compensation also grew. The legal institutes traditionally set up for this purpose (compensation for pain and suffering and compensation for hardship) soon proved inadequate. The courts began to remedy the lack of, or insufficient, statutory regulation by an expansive interpretation of the provisions on the protection of personality. Court decisions thus continued to harmonise the legal status in the countries of the former common state of Czechs and Slovaks. However, the adoption of the new Civil Code in the Czech Republic in 2012 ushered in a qualitatively new stage in the development of private law.
Data and Competitive Markets: Some Notes on Competition, Concentration and Welfare
Authors: Osório António
Published: June 2022

Companies are increasingly using data to predict behavior and improve the relation with their customers. In this context, data exchange raises important concerns regarding competition, concentration and welfare. This paper presents a novel linear demand approach that captures data and information effects in competitive markets, which are conveniently summarized in a precision parameter. Subsequently, the proposed approach is applied to study the firm’s incentives to exchange data and their impact in fundamental market variables, welfare and market concentration measures. We found that the incentives for data exchange between competitor firms emerge when the individual information gains are strong enough to compensate for the competitor’s information gains, and the associated strategic correlation effect between varieties. The results also suggest that market concentration tends to increase after data exchange, but both consumers and producers benefit from it. The reason is that better data allows firms to positioning closer to consumers’ needs.
Framing bilingualism within the context of a transnational border: place-based and place-conscious enactments for two kinds of bilingual youth in Laredo, Texas
Authors: Faltis Christian
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the bilingualism of local communities and the way that a group of high school teachers discuss and understand bilingualism and biliteracy of two kinds of bilingual youth are examined from a place-based, place-conscious perspective. The high school teachers want to create a new dual language program for local students from Laredo and students from across the Rio Grande River, Nuevo Laredo. The paper shows how the teachers’ language orientations and ideologies inform the ways they view the language capabilities differently for each group of students, favoring academic Spanish and lamenting the language deficits of local Laredo bilingual youth. The paper ends with a recommendation for ways to trouble language orientations and ideologies with an eye toward gaining a deeper, more place-conscious understanding of youth bilingualism and how schools and teachers bear responsible for improving conditions for expanding bilingualism of local youth.
U–Pb zircon dating of the Paleoproterozoic khondalite series in the northeastern Helanshan region and its geological significance
Authors: Li Liming , Yang Fanyan , Li Mingtao , Liang Zhirong , Ma Xuedong , Tian Jingxiong
Published: June 2022

Petrography, zircon cathodoluminescence, and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb zircon dating were performed on the Paleoproterozoic khondalite series and the intrusive altered diabase dykes developed in the northeastern Helanshan region were analyzed. The results showed that most of the zircons in the khondalite series were detrital zircons with oscillatory zoning and a high Th/U ratio, with few metamorphic zircons having a low Th/U ratio. The 207Pb/206Pb age of the detrital zircons ranged from 3131–1980 Ma, which constrained the protolith age of the Helanshan khondalite series to after 1980 Ma. The age of the metamorphic zircons indicated two age groups as follows: 1965–1921 Ma and 1876–1820 Ma. Besides, the age of altered diabase dykes was 1865–1850 Ma. In combination with previous studies, these new metamorphic ages indicated that the metamorphic events in the northeastern Helanshan region involved the collision followed by post-collisional extension and exhumation between the Yinshan Block to the north and the Ordos Block to the south. Moreover, the 1965–1921 Ma group represented the period of the collision between the Yinshan Block and the Ordos Block and the subsequent post-collisional extension event, whereas 1876–1820 Ma indicated the period of the exhumation stage.
Variable selection for bivariate interval-censored failure time data under linear transformation models
Authors: Liu Rong , Du Mingyue , Sun Jianguo
Published: June 2022

Variable selection is needed and performed in almost every field and a large literature on it has been established, especially under the context of linear models or for complete data. Many authors have also investigated the variable selection problem for incomplete data such as right-censored failure time data. In this paper, we discuss variable selection when one faces bivariate interval-censored failure time data arising from a linear transformation model, for which it does not seem to exist an established procedure. For the problem, a penalized maximum likelihood approach is proposed and in particular, a novel Poisson-based EM algorithm is developed for the implementation. The oracle property of the proposed method is established, and the numerical studies suggest that the method works well for practical situations.
A quantile regression estimator for interval-censored data
Authors: Frumento Paolo
Published: June 2022

We describe an estimating equation that can be used to fit quantile regression models to interval-censored data. The proposed estimator presents important advantages over the existing methods, and can be applied when the data are a mixture of interval-censored, left-censored, and right-censored observations. We describe estimation and inference, report simulation results, and apply the proposed method to analyze the Signal Tandmobiel® data. The necessary R code has been incorporated in the existing R package

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Hunting and water scarcity affect habitat occupancy by peccaries (Tayassu pecari and Pecari tajacu) in Calakmul, Mexico
Authors: Briceño-Méndez Marcos , Naranjo Eduardo J. , Altrichter Mariana , Contreras-Perera Yamili
Published: June 2022

The white-lipped peccary (WLP; Tayassu pecari) and the collared peccary (CP; Pecari tajacu) are social ungulates of huge ecological and economic importance. We determined the habitat occupancy for peccaries in a rural community bordering the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve in Campeche, Mexico. Twenty-eight stratified sampling points were randomly placed in the study area during a rainy and a dry season, where the presence of both peccary species was measured in relation to three ecological variables (habitat type, presence of natural predators, and water availability) and one anthropogenic variable (hunting). Ten sampling points were established with camera traps (total days/camera traps = 2268), and 18 sampling points were plots of 20 m2 to detect feces and/or footprints. To assess the relationship between both species’ presence and the selected variables, models of habitat occupancy were constructed using a binary matrix of detection/non-detection using the PRESENCE program. For WLP and CP, the respective estimated occupancy probabilities were 30 and 40% in the rainy season and 88 and 44% in the dry season. Our results suggest that occupancy by WLP is affected by habitat type and predators in the rainy season and by water availability and hunting in the dry season. Conversely, for CP, occupancy is affected by water availability and hunting in the rainy season, and by habitat type and predators in the dry season. Thus, hunting negatively affects the way that WLP occupy specific habitats, such as floodplain forest and medium sub-deciduous forest, particularly during periods of water scarcity when the species is more vulnerable to hunting.
“A Self-Portrait in Books” — Reflections on the Aphoristic Library of Elazar Benyoëtz
Authors: Kühne Jan , Schlechter Anna Rosa
Published: June 2022

This article focuses on trans-linguistic relationships between the German aphoristic writings of Israeli, Hebrew poet, and rabbi Elazar Benyoëtz (*1937) and his personal library, which is one of the last and largest private book collections in Israel to contain the German-Jewish literary canon. By reading traces from the library’s marginalia and paraphernalia, analyzed here for the first time, the article presents five case studies that sketch Benyoëtz’s transformation during the 1960s and 1970s from a Hebrew poet into the most influential contemporary writer of aphorisms in German. The article also presents points of departure for future research into the development of the Archiv Bibliographia Judaica, the largest encyclopedia of Jewish authors in the German language.
Stable photoluminescent electrospun CdSe/CdS quantum dots-doped polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers
Authors: Zhang Zhiyi , Li Zhichun , Zhu Fengbo , Jia Lan , Wang Yudong , Zhu Jingxin , Ma Yanlong , He Hongwei , Fan Yuyuan , Zhang Ying , Fei Pengfei , Feng Yu
Published: June 2022

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was often used as a composite fiber matrix due to its good spinning characteristics. Herein, photoluminescent quantum dot-doped nanofibers with tunable diameters were successfully prepared using electrospinning by adding CdSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) in PAN spinning solution. The morphology and structure of CdSe/CdS-PAN nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the mechanical and photoluminescent properties of CdSe/CdS-PAN nanofibers were investigated. Stable photoluminescent nanofibers were obtained owning to the improved stability of photoluminescent property of CdSe/CdS QDs in the PAN nanofiber. The stable photoluminescent CdSe/CdS-PAN nanofibers might be used for anti-fake labels, ultraviolet sensors, smart textiles and optoelectronic devices.
Narrative Review on the Use of Sled Training to Improve Sprint Performance in Team Sport Athletes
Authors: Zabaloy Santiago , Freitas Tomás T. , Pareja-Blanco Fernando , Alcaraz Pedro E. , Loturco Irineu
Published: June 2022

Sprinting is a key component for many individual and team sports. Therefore, to enhance sprint performance, various training methods are widely used by coaches and practitioners, including maximum sprint speed and resisted sprint training. Resisted sprinting with sled towing is a method that has recently received considerable attention from the sport science community. However, to date, no consensus exists regarding its acute and chronic effects in team sport athletes. This narrative review aimed to (a) review and analyze the mechanics of sprinting under unresisted and resisted conditions with a specific focus on team sport disciplines; (b) provide a thorough and applied discussion on the importance of considering acute and chronic effects of sled loading on technique, electromyographic activity, and force production, as well as on the role of muscle architecture and neural factors in sled training; (c) analyze the effects of increasing sled loads during acceleration and maximum velocity phases on contact and flight phases, while concomitantly examining kinetic, kinematic, and neuromuscular aspects, because all these factors affect each other and cannot be properly understood in isolation.
Exercise and Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Brief Guide for Exercise Professionals
Authors: Batrakoulis Alexios , Jamurtas Athanasios Z. , Fatouros Ioannis G.
Published: June 2022

Exercise is an effective tool for managing and treating type II diabetes (T2DM) and may be a useful component of a diabetes management program. Both short- or long-term exercise interventions can improve physical fitness, metabolic health, and cardiovascular function in individuals with poor glycemic control. Incorporating aerobic and resistance exercise as part of a comprehensive diabetes management plan can play a vital role in the fight against this chronic metabolic disease. Progression and individualized exercise programming are critical for an effective and enjoyable exercise experience in a gym setting. With respect to safety, exercise professionals should be aware of special considerations and potential complications persons with T2DM can experience when exercising.
Finding Psychodynamic Psychiatry’s Lost Generation
Authors: Plakun Eric M.
Published: June 2022

This paper describes forces that have adversely affected the place of the psychodynamic perspective within psychiatric practice and training over the last generation. One effect of these forces has been to create a lost generation of psychiatrists with little knowledge or experience with psychodynamic treatment. The article addresses opportunities to reverse some of the detrimental effects of recent changes. The Residency Review Committee’s introduction of a requirement that residents achieve a measurable level of competence in five schools of psychotherapy represents a major opportunity to influence psychiatric training and practice. The past and present work of the Committee on Psychotherapy by Psychiatrists (COPP) is summarized, including efforts to integrate and revise the five existing core competencies in psychotherapy into a “Y”-shaped model in a way that secures the future of psychodynamic therapy training in residencies. One existing unusual training opportunity with a central psychodynamic focus is described.
Class Analysis as Systemic Critique
Authors: Cepić Dražen , Doolan Karin , Dolenec Danijela
Published: June 2022

This article focuses on the role of class analysis in envisioning a better world, in both the past and the present. It critically reflects on class research conducted in the second half of the 20th century in Yugoslavia, and contemporary class research from selected countries of former Yugoslavia, in order to explore the place that class analysis as systemic critique occupied and occupies in a socialist and capitalist context. This approach is informed by Wright’s (2015) evaluation of different forms of class analysis through the game metaphor. According to Wright, whereas Marxist class analysis questions “what game to play,” Weberian class analysis engages with “the rules of the game” and Durkheimian class analysis examines “moves in the game.” Our historical case study of Yugoslav scholarship on class during state socialism illustrates that, despite its role in sanctifying the status quo, class analysis also drew on both Marxism and Weberian inspired life-chances research as tools for systemic critique. On the other hand, our review of post-Yugoslav class research suggests that, currently, class analysis as an instrument for the critique of capitalism is not prominent. Indeed, in contrast to the late Yugoslav period in which sociology engaged class analysis in order to question what game should be played, the post-socialist 1990s and 2000s brought a silencing of Marxist left critique, while sociologists transformed their research into what Wright (2015) would describe as struggles over the rule of the game: problematizing the variety of capitalism that emerged in post-socialism rather than capitalism itself.
Pengembangan E-modul Berbasis Project Based Learning (PjBL) pada Mata Pelajaran Animasi 2 Dimensi dan 3 Dimensi untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Nisrina Salma Huwaida , Rokhmawati Retno Indah , Afirianto Tri
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Mengembangkan e-modul berbasis project based learning (PjBL). (2) Menerapkan e-modul pada mata pelajaran Animasi 2 Dimensi dan 3 Dimensi. (3) Mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar sebelum dan sesudah penerapan e-modul pada mata pelajaran Animasi 2 Dimensi dan 3 Dimensi di SMK Negeri 5 Malang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni model pengembangan Research and Development (RnD) dengan mengadopsi model ADDIE yang terdiri dari Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisis peserta didik mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami materi pembelajaran, sehingga peneliti tertarik untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berupa e-modul untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik. E-modul dibuat dengan menggunakan FlipPDF Professional serta dilakukan validasi oleh para ahli. Validasi ahli materi mendapatkan rata-rata skor 88,61% tergolong sangat baik. Validasi ahli media mendapatkan rata-rata skor 87,75% tergolong sangat baik. Media pembelajaran diterapkan dengan metode pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) dengan menggunakan 1 kelas dengan jumlah peserta didik 32. Peserta didik mendapatkan 2 perlakuan yakni sebelum diterapkan (pre-test) memperoleh rata-rata 59,37, dan sesudah diterapkan (post-test) memperoleh rata-rata 78,56. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis Paired Sampel T-Test bahwa adanya pengaruh positif terhadap penggunaan e-modul dan adanya kenaikan nilai hasil belajar peserta didik. Artinya media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan layak digunakan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik.
Model Pembelajaran Concrete Representational Abstract (CRA) Terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Calon Guru Matematika
Authors: Khaerunnisa Etika , Santosa Cecep Anwar Hadi Firdos , Novaliyosi Novaliyosi
Published: June 2022

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah mengetahui capaian pemahaman konsep calon guru matematika yang menggunakan pembelajaran Concrete Representational Abstract (CRA). Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuasi-eksperimen dengan desain kelompok kontrol non ekivalen. Sampel penelitian adalah calon guru matematika di Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika, dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak dua kelompok yaitu semester I.B sebagai kelompok eksperimen sebanyak 37 mahasiswa dan semester I.C sebagai kelompok kontrol sebanyak 40 mahasiswa. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa tes uraian kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis, dan lembar observasi. Dengan menggunakan uji perbedaan dua rerata diperoleh hasil bahwa pencapaian pemahaman konsep calon guru matematika yang memperoleh pembelajaran Concrete Representation Abstract (CRA) lebih baik daripada calon guru matematika yang memperoleh pembelajaran biasa.The purpose of this study was to determine the achievement of conceptual understanding of prospective mathematics teachers using Concrete Representational Abstract (CRA) learning. This research is a quasi-experimental with a non-equivalent control group design. The subject of the study consists of 77 pre-service teachers in the Department of Mathematics Education. The students were divided into two classrooms, experimental (37) and control (40). The research instrument used in the form of a test description of the ability to understand mathematical concepts, and observation sheets. The results show that the achievement of the conceptual understanding of pre-service mathematics teachers who get Concrete Representation Abstract (CRA) learning model is better than pre-service mathematics teachers who get instruction without CRA model.
The Effect of Computer Laboratory Facilities and Learning Interest on Studentsâ€™ Learning Outcomes
Authors: Sulasteri Sri , Nur Fitriani , Suharti Suharti
Published: June 2022

This research aims to know the effect of computer laboratory facilities and learning interest on studentâ€™s learning outcomes. Used ex-post facto quantitative research with exogenous, endogenous, and intervening variables. Population and sample of this research were mathematics education department students for the 2020/2021 academic year, totaling around 80 people. The instruments used were questionnaires and written test. Data analysis technique used is path analysis. Based on the research that has been done, itâ€™s concluded that: (1) description of computer laboratory facilities, studentsâ€™ learning interest and studentsâ€™ mathematics learning outcomes in order are in the medium, high, and high categories, (2) there is a direct effect of computer laboratory facilities on mathematics education department studentâ€™sÂ  mathematics learning outcomes, (3) there is a direct effect of learning interest on studentsâ€™ mathematics learning outcomes, (4) there is a direct effect of computer laboratory facilities on mathematics education department studentâ€™sÂ  mathematics learning interest, and (5) there is an indirect effect of computer laboratory facilities on studentsâ€™ mathematics learning outcomes through learning interest. Â Penelitian ini tujuannya untuk mengetahui pengaruh fasilitas laboratorium komputer dan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa. Merupakan penelitian kuantitatif jenis ex-post facto dengan variabel eksogen, endogen, dan variabel intervening. Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini ialah mahasiswa jurusan pendidikan matematika tahun ajar 2020/2021 berjumlah 80 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu angket dan tes tulis. Teknik analisis datanya yaitu analisis jalur. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa: (1) deskripsi fasilitas laboratorium komputer, minat belajar dan hasil belajar matematika mahasiswa secara berurut berada pada kategori sedang, tinggi, dan tinggi, (2) terdapat pengaruh langsung fasilitas laboratorium komputer terhadap hasil belajar matematika mahasiswa jurusan pendidikan matematika, (3) terdapat pengaruh langsung minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar matematika mahasiswa, (4) terdapat pengaruh langsung fasilitas laboratorium komputer minat belajar matematika mahasiswa jurusan pendidikan matematika, dan (5) terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung fasilitas laboratorium komputer terhadap hasil belajar matematika mahasiswa melalui minat belajar.
Analysis of Elementary School Students' Difficulties in Fraction Addition
Authors: Wulandari Dwi , Amir Mohammad Faizal
Published: June 2022

This study aims to analyze the fraction addition difficulties of fourth-grade students at SDN Candinegoro No. 484. This study utilizes a qualitative approach and case study method. This study's data collection methods included tests and interviews. Data analysis consists of data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of the analysis indicate that students have difficulty learning fraction addition. Students' difficulties with applying concepts, applying principles, and solving verbal problems. Through this study, it is anticipated that teachers will be able to identify the types of difficulties encountered by students when learning fraction addition. Hence, teachers can overcome the errors made by students when working on fraction addition problems. Moreover, teachers can use these guidelines when creating lesson plans to anticipate that there will be no fraction-related difficulties.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesulitan penjumlahan pecahan siswa kelas IV SDN Candinegoro No. 484. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode studi kasus. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian ini meliputi tes dan wawancara. Analisis data terdiri dari reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam mempelajari penjumlahan pecahan. Kesulitan yang dialami siswa pada saat menggunakan konsep, prinsip, dan menyelesaikan masalah verbal. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan guru dapat mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis kesulitan yang dihadapi siswa ketika mempelajari penjumlahan pecahan. Dengan demikian, guru dapat mengatasi kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa saat mengerjakan soal penjumlahan pecahan. Selain itu, guru dapat menggunakan pedoman tersebut saat membuat rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran untuk mengantisipasi agar tidak ada kesulitan terkait pecahan.
Surgical Treatment of Adult Williams-Beuren Syndrome with Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: Zhang Xiaojie , Wang Shiqiang , Huang Gangping
Published: June 2022

Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a genetic disease involving the gene deletion of a chromosome. It is sporadically caused by the disruption of the elastin gene at the locus 7q11.23, and it occurs in as many as 1:7,500 individuals [Zucker 2018].
WBS includes cardiac lesions and a wide spectrum of congenital malformations with cardiovascular disorders, representing the most worrisome ones. The most typically frequent cardiovascular anomalies primarily comprise supravalvular aortic stenosis, peripheral pulmonary stenosis, mitral regurgitation, and aortic coarctation [Matisoff 2015].
Other main features include central nervous system and connective tissue involvement, mainly with a characteristic elfin face, mental and growth retardation, and hypercalcemia. We report a rare case of WBS with right pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF), associated with supravalvular aortic membrane stenosis, mitral regurgitation, and aortic coarctation. The patient underwent two-stage surgical treatment with satisfactory results at 5 years of follow-up. 
This case study was approved by the local research ethics board. Written informed consent was obtained from this patient.
Family Time and Money Inputs in Education and Teenager Development: Interpretation of Social Capital, Cultural Capital, and Shadow Education
Authors: Li Jiali , He Ruizhu
Published: June 2022

This paper utilizes data from the China Education Panel Survey 2013-2015 to examine the effects of family time and money inputs in education on adolescent academic performance from the perspectives of home social capital, cultural capital, and shadow education. Home time input in education is more vital to teenager academic progress than money input. Domestic social capital and cultural capital as well as weekend shadow education positively impact child academic results. Home-based parental participation as a key component of domestic social capital has the most significant influence on teenager academic improvement, while weekend supplementary tutoring generates the weakest effect; workday extracurricular tutoring even negatively affects student academic achievement. School-based parental involvement differs among families of different classes, with a significant negative effect on academic results of teenagers from disadvantaged backgrounds. Due to the absence of heterogeneity effects of home time input in education on academic progress of students from various social backgrounds, parental time investment should be taken as the most effective means to improve academic performance of adolescents from underprivileged classes.
A Nortriterpenoid and Steroid from the Stem Bark of Aglaia angustifolia Miq (Meliaceae)
Authors: Hutagaol Ricson Pemimpin , Supratman Unang , Rahadian Ihsan , - Srikandi , Harneti Desi , Hidayat Ace Tatang , Awang Khalijah , Shiono Yoshihito
Published: June 2022

A nortriterpenoid, 3-epi-cabraleahydroxylactone (1) and a steroid, stigma-4-en-3-on (2) were isolated from the n-hexane extract of  stem bark of Aglaia angustifolia Miq. Compound (2) was isolated for the first time from this Genus. The structure of both compounds were identified by spectroscopic datas including one and two-dimensional NMR as well as infrared spectrum, high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis and by comparing with those spectral data previously.
SGLT2i Improves Glycemic Control in Patients With Congenital Severe Insulin Resistance
Authors: Galderisi Alfonso , Tamborlane William , Taylor Simeon I. , Attia Najya , Moretti Carlo , Barbetti Fabrizio
Published: June 2022

Insulin-resistant diabetes in Rabson–Mendenhall syndrome (RMS) is relatively unresponsive to first-line antidiabetic treatments, including metformin and insulin. We report 2 patients with RMS treated with 2 different sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors 2: empagliflozin in an 11-year-old boy and dapagliflozin in a 12-year-old girl. In the first patient, we began empagliflozin at 2.5 mg/day and increased the dose to 10 mg/day over 3 months. During treatment with empagliflozin, the amount of time during which the patient maintained serum glucose in the 70 to 180 mg/dL target range increased by 2 hours per day. Hemoglobin A1C dropped from >14% to 11.9%, urinary calcium increased almost twofold, and β-hydroxybutyrate remained <2.5 mmol/L. Because glycemic control did not further improve with dose escalation, we reverted to the 2.5 mg/day dose. We initiated dapagliflozin in a second patient at 5 mg/day and witnessed a reduction of hemoglobin A1C from 8.5% to 6.2% after 6 months and a mild increase in urinary excretion of phosphorus but not calcium. Insulin levels fell by >50%. In 2 patients with RMS, empagliflozin and dapagliflozin were well tolerated and improved glycemic control without significantly increasing ketonemia. Renal calcium excretion should be carefully monitored.
Maternal High-Dose DHA Supplementation and Neurodevelopment at 18–22 Months of Preterm Children
Authors: Guillot Mireille , Synnes Anne , Pronovost Etienne , Qureshi Mosarrat , Daboval Thierry , Caouette Georges , Olivier François , Bartholomew Julie , Mohamed Ibrahim , Massé Edith , Afifi Jehier , Hendson Leonora , Lemyre Brigitte , Luu Thuy Mai , Strueby Lannae , Cieslak Zenon , Yusuf Kamran , Pelligra Gustavo , Ducruet Thierry , Ndiaye Aissatou Bintou Khairy Thilor , Angoa Georgina , Sériès Thibaut , Piedboeuf Bruno , Nuyt Anne Monique , Fraser William , Mâsse Benoît , Lacaze-Masmonteil Thierry , Lavoie Pascal M. , Marc Isabelle
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVES

To determine whether maternal supplementation with high-dose docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in breastfed, very preterm neonates improves neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 22 months’ corrected age (CA).

METHODS

Planned follow-up of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial to compare neurodevelopmental outcomes in breastfed, preterm neonates born before 29 weeks’ gestational age (GA). Lactating mothers were randomized to receive either DHA-rich algae oil or a placebo within 72 hours of delivery until 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development third edition (Bayley-III) at 18 to 22 months’ CA. Planned subgroup analyses were conducted for GA (<27 vs ≥27 weeks’ gestation) and sex.

RESULTS

Among the 528 children enrolled, 457 (86.6%) had outcomes available at 18 to 22 months’ CA (DHA, N = 234, placebo, N = 223). The mean differences in Bayley-III between children in the DHA and placebo groups were −0.07 (95% confidence interval [CI] −3.23 to 3.10, P = .97) for cognitive score, 2.36 (95% CI −1.14 to 5.87, P = .19) for language score, and 1.10 (95% CI −2.01 to 4.20, P = .49) for motor score. The association between treatment and the Bayley-III language score was modified by GA at birth (interaction P = .07). Neonates born <27 weeks’ gestation exposed to DHA performed better on the Bayley-III language score, compared with the placebo group (mean difference 5.06, 95% CI 0.08–10.03, P = .05). There was no interaction between treatment group and sex.

CONCLUSIONS

Maternal DHA supplementation did not improve neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 22 months’ CA in breastfed, preterm neonates, but subgroup analyses suggested a potential benefit for language in preterm neonates born before 27 weeks’ GA.