GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTIVITY OF VARIETIES OF VEGETABLE PEAS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST STEPPE OF THE RIGHT BANK OF UKRAINE
Authors: Palamarchuk Inna 
Published: December 2024

The article describes a study of the productivity of vegetable pea varieties in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Right Bank of Ukraine. It was proved that the number of leaves of pea plants depended on the characteristics of the variety and the applied biological preparation. The largest number of leaves in the budding phase among the studied varieties was in the Glorivert variety with the use of the biological preparation Phytocid – 13.3 pieces/plant, which is 2.7 pieces/plant more. In the phase of flowering and grain filling, the highest rate was recorded for the use of the biological preparation Phytocid in all studied varieties. The increase in the number of leaves in the Glorivert variety was 2.2 and 2.9 leaves per plant. The plant height indicator of the studied varieties fluctuated on the variants without treatment at the level of 37.6 - 66.5 cm, and with the use of a biological preparation, the indicator was in the range of 37.8 - 69.5 cm. The Glorivert variety with the use of the biological preparation Phytocid formed a leaf area of 151.8 cm2/plant, which exceeded the control by 7.6 cm2/plant. In varieties Prelado, Primana and Ashton, the increase in the area of the leaf surface with the use of the biological preparation Phytocid was 8.8, 6.6 and 6.9 cm2/plant, respectively. Plants of the Glorivert variety had the largest leaf area, so when plants were treated with the biological preparation Phytocid, the leaf area was 158.8 cm2/plant, which was 4.5 cm2/plant more than the control variant. An increase in the area of the leaves of the vegetable pea was noted for the use of all biologicals. An increase in the area of leaves up to 145.7 - 162.8 cm2/plant was noted during the grain pouring phase of vegetable peas. The largest leaf area in this phase was recorded in the Glorivert variety and, depending on the variant, ranged from 145.7 to 162.8 cm2/plant. In the Prelado variety, the number of beans was the largest when using the biological preparation Phytocid – 7.1 pcs./plant, which is 0.9 pcs./plant more than the option without treatment. The largest number of beans was recorded in the Glorivert variety, and the use of biological preparations contributed to an increase in the indicator by 0.1 - 0.7 pcs./plant. The highest value of grain mass per plant was obtained in the Glorivert variety, which is 4.7 - 5.5 g more than the Prelado variety, 2.8 - 2.4 g more than the Primana variety, and 4.5 - 4.4 g more than the variety Ashton. The increase in the mass of green pea and vegetable pea grains when using the biological preparation Phytocid relative to the control variant was 0.9-1.2 g, when using Emistym C – 0.2-0.3 g, when using Vitazym – 0.4-0.8 g. Within each variety, this indicator was the largest for the use of the biological preparation Phytocid. The calculation of the mass of 1000 grains of pea plants showed the influence of the variety and biological preparation on the value of this indicator. Thus, the highest indicator was noted in the Glorivert variety for the use of the biological preparation Phytocid – 186 g. The yield of green peas was the highest for the cultivation of the Glorivert variety using the biological preparation Phytocid – 9.2 t/ha, which is 0.5 t/ha more than the option without treatment (control) and 4.5 t/ha more for the lowest indicator harvest in the experiment.