bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Heterogeneous Wireless Networks with Time Splitting Wireless Energy Harvesting
Authors: Kaur Gurmeet , Singh Supreet
Published: September 2024

With growing demand to use wireless networks and diverse data intensive applications, Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) are becoming key enablers for higher data throughput. HetNets often comprise of Macrocell Base Station (MBS) with multiple Macrocell Users (MUs) and an extensive array of Femtocell Base Stations (FBSs) with many femtocell users (FUs). The femtocells play a vital role in facilitating the transmission of uplink or downlink traffic between the MUs and MBS. With ultra-dense deployment of small femtocells, the energy requirements of the electronic equipment have also increased. This paper investigates the performance of Wireless Energy Harvesting (EH) for two tier heterogeneous network using time splitting EH technique. In particular, MUs and femtocells of HetNets are designed to harvest wireless energy from the RF signal transmitted by the MBS. With this harvested energy, femtocells seize the transmission opportunity to transmit the data of their connected users. We derive the mathematical expressions for the outage probability and throughput of the femtocell user. We use the time switching protocol for EH. The simulation results are presented by varying the EH duration and base station power. Our simulation results show that there is an optimal value of EH duration for which the outage is minimal and throughput maximizes.
Identification and Characterization of Bovine (Bos taurus) Pancreatic Bile Salt Activated Lipase for Potential Halal Alternative.
Authors: Reshidan Nur Hidayah , Affendy Norliza Bahtiar , Jonet Mohd Anuar , Lamasudin Dhilia Uddie , Ariffin Zaidah Zainal , Hamid Umi Marshida Abd
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Bile salt-activated lipase (BSAL) is one of the pancreatic lipases that plays a critical role in the digestion and absorption of dietary fats.
Objective: This study aimed to purify bile salt-activated lipase (BSAL) from bovine (Bos taurus) pancreatic tissue.
Methods: Bovine pancreas was freshly collected from Abattoir Complex, Department of Veterinary Services, Shah Alam, Malaysia. The fats were removed by trimming grossly visible fat, and extraction was performed using organic solvents. The BSAL was further purified by anion exchange chromatography and sent for protein identification by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
Results: Successful purification of bovine BSAL was visualized as a single protein band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide (SDS) gel, which LC-MS/MS confirmed as a bovine BSAL (Accession number – P30122) with a molecular mass of 65.12 kDa and calc pI of 5.57. Peptide identification based on the MS spectrum found 200 predictive peptides, of which ten sequences with bovine BSAL peptide characteristics. The selected predictive peptide sequences have a molecular mass of 1104.60 - 3378.94 Da with Qvality q-value greater than 0.01 and XCorr Sequest HT value ranging from 2.6 to 6.8. The specific lipolytic enzyme activity of bovine BSAL was comparable with the positive control, as measured using lipase assay.
Conclusion and Recommendations: In conclusion, the results of this study indicate the effectiveness of bovine BSAL purification by anion exchange chromatography from fresh pancreatic tissue and have the potential for further Halal pharmaceuticals and medical applications.
On-ground validation of manipulator adaptive variable admittance control method for detumbling a space non-cooperative satellite
Authors: Bai Xinlin , Li Xiwen , Zhao Zhen , Xu Zhigang
Published: September 2024

To achieve rapid and stable detumbling of a space non-cooperative satellite, an adaptive variable admittance control method for the manipulator is proposed and verified through the on-ground experiment. The composition of the designed on-ground hardware-in-the-loop verification platform are first demonstrated, and on this basis, verification principle is elaborated. Subsequently, the control block diagram of the proposed method is presented, and the adaptive variable admittance compliant detumbling control model and the kinematic model of the manipulator are established. The proposed controller includes the fixed admittance controller in manipulator task space, the adaptive pose compensator for the grasping point on docking ring, and the damping adaptive regulator based on manipulator joint angular velocity, and the stability constraints of which are derived through the Routh criterion. Finally, the on-ground experiment process for detumbling a space non-cooperative spinning satellite is formulated, and the time sequence for its five phases is planned. The experimental results show that during the relative detumbling process, the spin angular velocity of the simulated space non-cooperative satellite gradually decreases to the desired value of − 0.089 °/s, and the oscillation amplitude of angular velocity also continuously diminishes. At the end of this phase, absolute value of the angular velocity component deviation is only 0.019 °/s. On-ground test verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method and provides vital basis for its further application.
Extended sequential intravenous and oral antimicrobial therapy improves cure rate in postoperative intracranial neurosurgical infections. A Spanish multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Asensi Víctor , Vázquez C. , Suárez-Díaz S. , Asensi-Díaz E. , Carrasco-Antón N. , García-Reyne A. , Panero Irene , Muñoz María Victoria , Guerra José Manuel , Arístegui Javier , Sepúlveda María Antonia , García-Calvo Xavier , Dueñas Carlos , Biosca Mercé , Chiminazzo Valentina , Collazos Julio
Published: September 2024

Background
Postoperative intracranial neurosurgical infections (PINI) complicate < 5% neurosurgeries. Scarce attention was dedicated to the extension and characteristics of its antimicrobial management considering their high morbidity, not negligible mortality, delayed hospital stay and increased healthcare costs.
Methods
We analyzed retrospectively (2014–2023) 162 PINI from eight Spanish third-level academic hospitals.
Results
Elective clean craniotomies after tumor or vascular causes were the leading procedures. Epidural abscess (24.7%), scalp infections (19.8%), postsurgical meningitis (16.7%) and cranioplasty infections (16.7%) were the most frequent PINI. Staphylococcus spp (43.9%) and Gram negative bacteria (38.6%) were the predominant isolates. Overall 85.2% patients underwent pus drainage, mostly by craniotomy (40.3%). Interestingly 34% were already receiving antibiotics for extracranial infections before developing PINI while 16.8% did not receive pre-operative antibiotic prophylaxis. In total 77.2% patients started a combined intravenous (IV) antimicrobial therapy, of which 85.2% switched after 5 days to a second-line IV antibiotic regimen, in 41.3% cases combined, after pus culture results, for a median of 21 days. Overall 61.1% patients continued on oral antimicrobials after hospital discharge, 30.3% as a combined regimen, for a median of 42 days. Complete cure was obtained in 81.5% cases, while 11.1% relapsed, 7.4% failed to cure and 6.8% died after PINI complications. In the multivariate analysis oral antimicrobial therapy after hospital discharge (p = 0.001) was significantly associated with PINI cure with a marginal positive effect on survival (p = 0.066) .
Conclusions
We conclude that an extended 6 weeks sequential IV and oral antimicrobial therapy in addition to neurosurgical correction increases PINI cure rate and might improve survival
Clinical Trial Number: not applicable
Population-based cross-sectional analysis of cannabis use among Kentucky adults, 2020-21
Authors: Shafer Sydney , Kennedy Gunnar , Christian W. Jay
Published: September 2024

Purpose
We conducted this study to assess cannabis use rates in the state of Kentucky relative to socioeconomic, demographic, and geographic factors, as well as reasons for use and modes of use, before the legal medical marijuana market commences in 2025.
Methods
We pooled Kentucky Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data for 2020–2021 and reweighted responses for all analyses. We estimated current cannabis use (at least once in the past 30 days), and heavy use (at least 20 of the past 30 days) prevalence rates for Appalachian, Delta, and Central geographic regions of Kentucky. We tabulated descriptive statistics and used multivariable logistic regression to identify characteristics of individuals who used cannabis.
Results
The prevalence of cannabis use was lower in Kentucky (10%) than nationally (about 18%). Of those who used cannabis, 42% used it daily or near daily. Those who were male, ages 18–34, never married, black, less than HS education, lower household income, and lived in the Central region were more likely to use cannabis. Among those who used cannabis, mode of use varied somewhat among age groups, education levels, income groups, and marital status, but smoking was most common—78% overall. About 33% reported using cannabis for recreation alone, 24% for medical reasons alone, and 43% for both reasons.
Conclusion
Despite the illegal status of cannabis in Kentucky, its use is common across population sub-groups. A large proportion of Kentuckians using cannabis do so daily or near daily, and most for a medical purpose. Smoking, however, remains the most common mode of use.
A Vision-Language Model with Multi-Granular Knowledge Fusion in Medical Imaging
Authors: Chen Kai , Li Yunxin , Zhu Xiwen , Zhang Wentai , Hu Baotian
Published: September 2024

The rapid expansion of radiological imaging data has placed a significant burden on radiologists, increasing the risk of diagnostic errors. Vision-language models offer a promising solution to alleviate this workload and improve diagnostic accuracy within the medical imaging domain. However, most current models rely solely on training data to activate general-purpose performance, which often results in inadequate understanding and generation of high-quality outputs in complex and specialized medical scenarios due to insufficient domain knowledge. To address this limitation, we propose a Vision-Language Model with Multi-Granular Knowledge Fusion (MGKF) that integrates diverse sources of knowledge to enhance performance across medical imaging tasks. Our model dynamically incorporates multi-granular knowledge, including medical entities, their definitions, and retrieved auxiliary knowledge. We improve the semantic alignment of visual and textual information through fine-tuning, introduce a pre-generation mechanism to incorporate this multi-granular knowledge, and ultimately enhance the model's ability to apply medical knowledge during inference. Experimental results across multiple medical imaging tasks, including Medical Report Generation, Medical Image Captioning, and Medical Visual Question Answering, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MGKF model. This work provides valuable insights into the integration of specialized knowledge in medical imaging and contributes to reducing diagnostic errors.
Light environment model for testing small-sized objects by luminance method Mgr inż. Mateusz Polar
Authors: Tereszkiewicz Krzysztof , Gala-Błądzińska Agnieszka , Wachta Henryk , Kulig Łukasz , Polar Mateusz
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This paper addresses issues related to the measurement method and the structure of the design of a universal measurement environment using a luminance meter. The basis for the implementation of the test environment is the analysis of the occurring light parameters and decision-making based on the comparison of actual results and simulations.
Methods
The simulations prepared present different lighting situations allowing to explicitly choose the best lighting parameters achieved on the test plane. The simulation part was tested in the next stage under real lighting conditions and compared with the results obtained in theory.
Results
Work with instructions for preparing a luminance measurement station in any office space and the theory of its use. The developed manual allows the implementation of a measurement station in places where appropriate interior architecture is not required.
Conclusion
Preparing a universal station will allow for the luminance examination of objects from many fields of science, such as food, medicine and engineering.
ALJP: An Arabic Legal Judgment Prediction in Personal Status Cases Using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Abbara Salwa , Hafez Mona , Kazzaz Aya , Alhothali Areej , Alsolami Alhanouf
Published: September 2024

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) aims to predict judgment outcomes based on case description. Several researchers have developed techniques to assist potential clients by predicting the outcome in the legal profession. However, none of the proposed techniques were implemented in Arabic, and only a few attempts were implemented in English, Chinese, and Hindi. In this paper, we develop a system that utilizes deep learning (DL) and natural language processing (NLP) techniques to predict the judgment outcome from Arabic case scripts, especially in cases of custody and annulment of marriage. This system will assist judges and attorneys in improving their work and time efficiency while reducing sentencing disparity. In addition, it will help litigants, lawyers, and law students analyze the probable outcomes of any given case before trial. We use a different machine and deep learning models such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic regression (LR), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) using representation techniques such as TF-IDF and word2vec on the developed dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that compared with the five baseline methods, the SVM model with word2vec and LR with TF-IDF achieve the highest accuracy of 88% and 78% in predicting the judgment on custody cases and annulment of marriage, respectively. Furthermore, the LR and SVM with word2vec and BiLSTM model with TF-IDF achieved the highest accuracy of 88% and 69% in predicting the probability of outcomes on custody cases and annulment of marriage, respectively.
Novel Synthesis of Iron Oxide @ Mesoporous Silica Core-shell Nanostructures and Evaluation of Their Toxicological Profile in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Festus Chisom P. , Nwokediri David I. , Yaako Yetambo A. , Ezeorah Mathew C.
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the toxicological concerns of iron oxide mesoporous silica core-shell nanostructures in male wistar albino rats. Twelve (12) male adult Wistar rats weighing 130-200g obtained from the Animal House of the Department of Pharmacology, University of Port Harcourt were used for the study. The animals were randomly divided into three groups of four (4) animals each, represented as H1, H2, and H3. Animals of groups H2-H3 Were each treated with 0.5mg/kg and 1mg/kg doses of iron-oxide at mesoporous silica core-shell nano-structures solution respectively. Synthesized iron oxide mesoporous silica core-shell nanoparticles were characterized by spectrophotometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) Analysis. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta size of the fabricated nano-silica were analyzed to know the average size and stability of the particles using (the DLS-Nano 25 model, UK). The sample was characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and x-ray analysis. Results from the DLS showed that the particle size of the sample ranges from 900-1000nm showing that the particle is discrete and crystalline. The results for dynamic light scattering (DLS) and x-ray analysis were complementary. Hematological indices showed that Platelet (PLT), and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) had a significant increase (P < 0.05) for 0.5% w/v and 1% w/v concentration when compared with the control. The histopathological alteration of the wistar rat kidney revealed that the control group had normal kidney tissue, 0.5% w/v treated rats showed normal kidney tissue while 1% w/v treated rats showed severe inflammation and oedema of the kidney tissue.
Overcoming Data Scarcity in Transit Planning: A Novel Framework Combining Machine Learning and Metaheuristics
Authors: Mittal Shagun , Ukkusuri Satish
Published: September 2024

Public transit systems in developing regions often face challenges due to rapid urbanization, limited resources, and a lack of comprehensive transit data, hindering effective strategic planning. This study proposes a framework for leveraging emerging data sources to guide transit network planning in data-limited environments. Using Greater-Maputo, Mozambique as a case study, we demonstrate how mobile phone location data, OpenStreetMap, and land use information can be utilized to extract key transit network components, including transit-viable road segments, high-demand stop locations, and efficient routes. We employ a modified semi-supervised self-training algorithm for transit viability prediction, density-based clustering for stop location extraction, and multi-objective metaheuristics for route extraction. The results show strong alignment with the operational GTFS data, capturing spatial patterns of transit suitability, identifying critical transit locations, redundancies, and underserved areas, and generating more direct and demand-aligned routes. The compiled extracted results in the form of GTFS data show a 17\% potential improvement in accessibility compared to the operational GTFS data. The proposed approach offers a potent and transferable methodology for data-driven transit planning, supporting the development of efficient, equitable, and sustainable transit systems in various contexts. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on evidence-based transit planning in data-scarce environments and lays the foundation for future research and policy interventions aimed at optimizing transit networks, enhancing accessibility, and promoting sustainable urban development in developing regions.
Characterize of Drought Events via the Decile, SPI and RDI in Southeast Ethiopia
Authors: Kemal Kedir , Mekonnen Zenebe , Molla Moges , Shimelis Abebaw
Published: September 2024

Drought characterization can be used to devise an effective early warning system as a key component in the development of drought preparedness plans that manage drought impacts. The aim of this study was to characterize the drought events, particularly those involving long-term of meteorological and agricultural events, which are the predominant types affecting communities. Conventionally, regional drought analysis is performed on the basis of drought indices for the identification of drought intensity, frequency, duration and areal extent across southeast Ethiopia. The indices used for the study were the Precipitation Deciles (PD), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) for the period of 1987–2018. The spatial extent of drought in the study area was interpolated via the inverse distance weighted method via the spatial analyst tool of ArcGIS. Most of the studied stations experienced drought events in 1991/1992, 1998/1999, 2001/2002, 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. The results indicate that 2010/2011 was a year of exceptionally widespread drought. To this end, having information on the intensity, frequency, duration and areal extent of drought needed in water conservation policies can help bridge the gap between water availability, supply, and demand in drought-affected areas.
Structural rationale for twinning in galena, and a possible relation with the lillianite homologous series – Revision 1
Authors: Nespolo Massimo , Diallo Mahamadou
Published: September 2024

Two reflection twins are known in the literature for galena: on {111} (spinel twin), frequent, and on {114}, rare and lamellar. The galena structure is highly pseudo-symmetric with respect to a reflection about {111}: at the composition plane, the lead and sulfur coordination change from octahedral to trigonal prismatic, without modification of the bond distances but with a shrinkage of the non-bonding Pb-Pb and S-S distances. The coordination around the composition plane of the {114} twin is instead broken, with too short non-bonding Pb-Pb and S-S distances and empty regions which justify the rarity of this twin. The composition plane is however highly reminiscent of the interface between galena modules in the lillianite homologous series, although the cell-twin operation active in that case is a reflection on a different plane, {113}. In lillianite and related structures of the PbS-Bi2S3 phase diagram, coalescence of Pb sites corresponding to too short non-bonding distances allows for partial heterovalent Pb2+-Bi3+ substitution. Given the similarity of the composition plane of the {114} twin, structural adjustments, possibly with a role played by impurities, may explain the formation of this twin, whose lamellar nature is also reminiscent of the polysynthetic cell-twinning in the lillianite homologous series. Because the {114} twin was only reported in old morphological investigations and never confirmed by diffraction studies, the hypothesis that this rare twin may actually correspond to {113}, i.e. the macroscopic counterpart of the well-known homologous series obtained by cell-twinning on the same plane, cannot be ruled out. The relative orientation of the twinned crystals of the two twins is however too different to support this hypothesis.
Optimization of a company’s capital structure based on the criterion of minimizing the level of financial risk
Authors: Filatova Hanna , Kulyk Viktoriya , Kravchenko Olena
Published: September 2024

In the context of growing economic uncertainty, capital structure optimization is becoming a critical tool for minimizing financial risks, providing companies with the necessary stability and adaptability in modern conditions. This paper aims to develop theoretical foundations for the existing capital structure optimization methods and elaborate an optimal capital structure formation strategy to ensure companies’ financial stability and flexibility in conditions of high financial uncertainty. The article offers a stabilization-flexible approach to optimizing companies’ capital structure in financial instability and crises, making it possible to ensure the companies’ financial stability while preserving their ability to adapt to a volatile environment quickly. The main idea of the approach is the balanced use of equity capital and long-term and short-term liabilities to finance various components of assets, which helps to minimize risks and increase the efficiency of financial management. A roadmap for the implementation of the stabilization-flexible approach to optimizing the capital structure has been formed, the basis of which is the construction of a logical chain of actions, including the definition of companies’ goals, the assessment of available financial resources and risks, and the development of financing strategies, their implementation, further control and monitoring of results. The study results can be helpful for financial managers, analysts, and investors seeking to improve the efficiency of capital management and reduce the impact of external and internal risks on the financial condition of companies.
AS ACEPÇÕES DA TEORIA DO GARANTISMO
Authors: Lopes Marcus Vinícius Pimenta , Ribeiro Rafhael Lima
Published: September 2024

Este artigo trata da teoria garantista, proposição formulada por Luigi Ferrajoli, mormente em sua obra Diritto e ragione: Teoria del garantismo penale. Objetiva evidenciar a plurissignificação epistemológica da teoria, isto é, a significação da teoria garantista para a ciência do Estado e para a praxe do ordenamento jurídico, de modo que não se perpetue a ideia errônea de que a Teoria Garantista é apenas aplicável ao direito e mais ainda ao direito penal. Justificam-se tais questionamentos, uma vez que atualmente a legalidade e legitimidade tomam cada vez mais uma conotação de proteção dos direitos fundamentais dos indivíduos contra o arbítrio do Estado.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DO JOGO QUEBRA-CABEÇA PARA O ENSINO DE GEOMETRIA
Authors: Rhodes Fabiana da Penha , Pereira Carlos Vinícius de Azevedo , Borges Lidiane Hott de Fúcio
Published: September 2024

Neste artigo, é possível visualizar as dificuldades tanto no ensino quanto na aprendizagem da disciplina de geometria na vida escolar dos alunos. Procura-se também demonstrar que a aprendizagem dos alunos pode variar de acordo com o ambiente escolar e com os métodos de ensino utilizados pelo professor em sala de aula. Portanto, o apontamento dessas dificuldades encontradas tanto pelo educador, quanto pelo educando, no quesito ensino e aprendizagem da geometria, serve para apontar e buscar as melhores formas de se transmitir e captar os conteúdos dessa tão importante matéria. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizadas dados documentais, entrevistas, observação direta e a aplicação de questionários aos alunos e professores. Posteriormente, foi possível observar que os métodos tradicionais de ensino não são suficientes para se possibilitar uma aprendizagem significativa dos alunos, no entanto, utilizando-se o jogo de quebra-cabeça, notou-se que essa metodologia é viável com relação ao ensino.
Optimization of the effective volume of urban sewage pumping station based on the fuzzy optimization method
Authors: Chen Jiawei , Liu Jiachun , Huang Biao , Zhu David Z. , Jin Cheng , Zhang Haibo
Published: September 2024

To improve the operational economy of sewage pumping stations, this paper combines the total volume of the drainage network and sewage pumping station to optimize the effective volume of the pumping station reservoir to reduce operating costs without overflow. Taking a residential area in Ningbo city as the study area, the drainage system was simulated based on Infoworks ICM to obtain the changes of sewage under different volumes of pumping station reservoirs. By combining the daily electricity costs of the pump station, pump start-stop times, and flood depth, the fuzzy optimization method was applied to optimize the effective volume of sewage pumping station reservoirs, selecting the optimal solution to reduce operating costs. A sensitivity analysis of the three factors, pump flow rate, the total population, and drainage network volume, was conducted, and the results showed that under the optimal scenario, the optimal effective volume of the pumping station reservoir increases with the increase in pump flow rate, drainage network volume, and total population. This study can provide theoretical support for the optimization of drainage pumping station reservoir volume as well as economical operation.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ROTINA E OS CONTEXTOS DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: ESPECIFICIDADES DA PRÁTICA DOCENTE
Authors: Ribeiro Marcelo Silva de Souza , Coelho de Moura Ribeiro Lucimar
Published: September 2024

Este artigo é uma atualização e ampliação, em co-autoria, do capítulo inicial da tese de um dos autores. O artigo em tela tem como objetivo discutir as especificidades da prática docente, evidenciando os desdobramentos sobre a rotina e seus ajustamentos via os contextos da Educação Infantil. Assumindo um método que transita entre a abordagem teórica e a documental, a Educação Infantil brasileira é apresentada, contrastivamente, a partir de alguns dados relativos ao contexto geral, a formação e, especificamente, a prática docente, sobretudo no que diz respeito a questão da rotina. Do ponto de vista do referencial teórico, a rotina é problematizada enquanto prática docência na Educação Infantil. Em relação aos resultados, são apresentadas informações quanto ao contexto da Educação Infantil via os seus desafios, demandas e avanços, evidenciando o entendimento de que a prática docente em Educação Infantil deve ser apreendida levando-se em consideração suas especificidades quanto aos aspectos próprios do lidar com a criança e ao mesmo tempo com as condições que atravessam o ser docente.
Association between Higher Expression of Vav1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Unfavourable Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis
Authors: Ye Weikang , Wang Jin , Zheng Jie , Jiang Ming , Zhou Yinong , Wu Zhixiang
Published: September 2024

Objective:

The aim was to investigate the potential relationship between Vav1 protein
and prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods:

Samples were collected from 96 patients with HCC. For each patient, cancerous tissue
and adjacent non-cancerous tissue were obtained. The Vav1 expression levels in these tissues
were determined using immunohistochemistry. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to
analyse the associations between Vav1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan–
Meier analysis was used to assess the relationship between Vav1 expression and 5-year overall
survival (OS).

Results:

The expression level of Vav1 protein in primary tumour samples (64.46%; 59/96) was
higher (33.33%; 32/96; P<0.001). Moreover, the high expression rate of Vav1 was correlated with
tumour differentiation, TNM stage, and tumour recurrence (P<0.05). Univariate and multivariate
Cox analysis further demonstrated that tumour differentiation, TNM stage, vascular invasion, tumour
recurrence and Vav1 expression were independent prognostic factors for 5-year OS. Notably,
follow-up analysis determined that patients with HCC with higher Vav1 expression levels have
lower survival rates (P<0.05).

Conclusion:

Vav1 may serve as a promising molecular prognostic biomarker for patients diagnosed
with HCC.
Development of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Enoyl Acyl Reductase (InhA)
Inhibitors: A Mini-Review
Authors: Tailor Navin Kumar , Deswal Geeta , Guarve Kumar , Grewal Ajmer Singh
Published: September 2024

This review article delves into the critical role of Enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA;
ENR), a vital enzyme in the NADH-dependent acyl carrier protein reductase family, emphasizing
its significance in fatty acid synthesis and, more specifically, the biosynthesis of mycolic acid.
The primary objective of this literature review is to elucidate diverse scaffolds and their developmental
progression targeting InhA inhibition, thereby disrupting mycolic acid biosynthesis. Various
scaffolds, including thiourea, piperazine, thiadiazole, triazole, quinazoline, benzamide, rhodanine,
benzoxazole, and pyridine, have been systematically explored for their potential as InhA inhibitors.
Noteworthy findings highlight thiadiazole and triazole derivatives, demonstrating promising IC50
values within the nanomolar concentration range. The review offers comprehensive insights into
InhA's structure, structure-activity relationships, and a detailed overview of distinct scaffolds as effective
inhibitors of InhA.
Importance of Zinc Homeostasis for Normal Cardiac Rhythm
Authors: Kokhabi Pejman , Mollazadeh Reza , Hejazi Seyedeh Fatemeh , Nezhad Aida Hossein , Pazoki-Toroudi Hamidreza
Published: September 2024

Current arrhythmia therapies such as ion channel blockers, catheter ablation, or implantable
cardioverter defibrillators have limitations and side effects, and given the proarrhythmic
risk associated with conventional, ion channel-targeted anti-arrhythmic drug therapies, a
new approach to arrhythmias may be warranted. Measuring and adjusting the level of specific
ions that impact heart rhythm can be a simple and low-complication strategy for preventing or
treating specific arrhythmias. In addition, new medicines targeting these ions may effectively
treat arrhythmias. Numerous studies have shown that intracellular and extracellular zinc concentrations
impact the heart's electrical activity. Zinc has been observed to affect cardiac rhythm
through a range of mechanisms. These mechanisms encompass the modulation of sodium, calcium,
and potassium ion channels, as well as the influence on beta-adrenergic receptors and the
enzyme adenylate cyclase. Moreover, zinc can either counteract or induce oxidative stress, hinder
calmodulin or the enzyme Ca (2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), regulate
cellular ATP levels, affect the processes of aging and autophagy, influence calcium
ryanodine receptors, and control cellular inflammation. Additionally, zinc has been implicated in
the modulation of circadian rhythm. In all the aforementioned cases, the effect of zinc on heart
rhythm is largely influenced by its intracellular and extracellular concentrations. Optimal zinc
levels are essential for maintaining a normal heart rhythm, while imbalances-whether deficiencies
or excesses-can disrupt electrical activity and contribute to arrhythmias
A Contemporary Review on Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management
Authors: Shahid Mahek , Ibrahim Ramzi , Olagunju Abdulbaril , Mookadam Martina , Mookadam Farouk
Published: September 2024

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) includes almost half of heart
failure cases typified by a specific clinical syndrome. Despite diagnostic and management advances,
HFpEF still presents a diagnostic challenge and a paucity of therapies specifically aimed
at enhancing survival and improving quality of life is still lacking. This review elucidates the diagnostic
complexity of HFpEF, highlighting the use of both subjective and objective criteria
within algorithmic frameworks. It also examines the significant impact of comorbidities on the
progression of HFpEF. Additionally, we explore the latest evidence on targeting these comorbidities
therapeutically, although the benefits to mortality are still limited.
Effect of Colchicine for Prevention of Recurrent Stroke in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Randomized Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Molaeimanesh Zahra , Kashipazha Davood , Shalilahmadi Davood , Shamsaei Gholamreza , Mohammadi Shooka
Published: September 2024

Background:

It has been proposed that colchicine may have the potential to prevent cardiovascular
and cerebrovascular dysfunctions.

Objective:

This study evaluated the impact of colchicine on preventing recurrent stroke in patients
with both ischemic stroke (IS) and atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods:

A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at Golestan Hospital
(Ahvaz, Iran) over one year, involving IS patients with AF. Demographic and clinical data
were collected from the participants, who were then assigned to either the intervention or placebo
groups. The experimental group was administered colchicine at a dosage of 0.05 mg twice daily
for one year, while the control group received a placebo at a comparable dosage over the same
timeframe.

Results:

In one year, 108 patients completed the study. There were 55 patients in the intervention
group and 53 patients in the placebo group. During the second trimester of the trial, three patients
in the colchicine group and 10 patients in the placebo group experienced recurrent strokes. Gastrointestinal
issues were the most commonly reported complications (33 cases) among the two
groups, followed by myalgia (8 patients). There were significant differences in the frequency of recurrent
stroke and serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) between the colchicine and placebo
groups (p < 0.05) after intervention.

Conclusion:

In this study, colchicine was effective in reducing recurrent stroke and CRP levels in
IS patients with AF compared to the control group. Further randomized controlled trials with larger
sample sizes and extended durations are recommended to validate the results of this trial.
Synthesis of New Chromen-5-one Derivatives from Dimedone and their Antiproliferative Evaluations against Selected Cancer Cell Lines Together with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cervical Carcinoma
Authors: Mohareb Rafat Milad , Abdelaziz Mahmoud A. , Jame Rasha , Omer Noha , Labib Hanan Maged
Published: September 2024

Background:

The coumarin nuclei, which exist in many heterocyclic compounds, has gained a lot of
attention over the past decade due to their wide range of biological activities such as antibacterial, anticoagulant,
antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objective:

The multi-component reactions of 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione with acetophenone derivatives
and triethoxymethane produced biologically active target chromene molecules and their fused derivatives.

Methods:

The reaction of 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione and each of triethoxymethane and acetophenone
derivatives 3a-g in absolute ethanol containing triethylamine gave the 4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5H-chromen-5-one
derivatives 4a-g. Compounds 4a-d were used for further heterocyclization reactions to produce biologically active
fused pyrazole, thiophene, and thiazole derivative corporate with the chromenes caffold.

Results:

The cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds were evaluated using six cancer cell lines together with
c-Met kinase and PC-3 cell line inhibitions. In addition, cytotoxicity toward hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and
cervical carcinoma HeLa was carried out as well as the in-vitro cytotoxic potential for all compounds against
peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) extracted from healthy donors. Morphological changes of the A549 cell line
by the two most active compounds were also studied.

Conclusion:

The synthesized heterocyclic compounds were originally obtained from 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-
1,3-dione. Several of the produced compounds exhibited high inhibitions toward several cancer cell lines proving
high inhibitions, therefore, encouraging further studies to synthesize heterocyclic compounds based on chromene
scaffold.
Recent Routes in Synthesis and Biological Activity of Pyrimido[4,5-b] Quinoline Derivatives: A Review (Part II)
Authors: Abu-Hashem Ameen A. , Hakami Othman , Amri Nasser , Ameen Tahah A. , Bajaber Majed A. , Youssef Mohammed M. , Gouda Moustafa A.
Published: September 2024

The synthesis of organic molecules has been a tremendous and rapid advance in the recent
decade to obtain high biological and pharmacological activities. In this review, the organic
synthesis of pyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline derivatives is considered an alternative method to traditional
procedures for treating many diseases that affect humans. Also, by transferring electrons, stereoselective
syntheses occur via organic reactions in various unnatural and natural conditions at
room temperature and normal pressure. We found that the structure of pyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline
derivatives was formed by substrates, bases, electrophiles, and low-level and highly stable reagents
that can be broadly applied to synthesize more heterocycles. These reagents include: 2-
nitrobenzaldehyde; 3-(benzyloxy)-4-methoxy-2-nitrobenzaldehyde; 4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzaldehyde;
2-aminobenzaldehyde; 2-aminoquinoline-3-carboxamide; 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde;
2-bromobenzaldehyde; 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbonitrile; 2-chloroquinoline-3-carboxylic
acid; aniline; phenyl-methanamine; amino-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid /amino-quinolinecarbonitrile;
amino-6,7-dimethoxy-quinoline-3-carbonitrile; amino-oxolo [4,5-g]quinolincarboxamide;
3-(aminomethyl) quinolin-2-amine; 4-aminobenzo[d][1,3] dioxole-5-carbaldehyde;
thiourea; ethyl 3-oxo-butanoate; 2-cyano-acetamide; 2-(bis (methylthio) methylene) malononitrile;
ethyl 3,3-diamino-2-cyanoacrylate; naphthalene-1,4-dione; and N-carbamoyl-2-
cyanoacetamide derivatives. The prepared pyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline derivatives were described
through means of the following chemical reactivity: alkylation, bromination, chlorination, cyclocondensation,
cyclization, acylation, oxidation-reduction, dehydration, addition reaction and
Vilsmeier-Haack reaction (Vilsmeier reagent).
Chilaiditi Syndrome: An Incidental Finding on a Chest Radiograph in a Long-Term Ventilated Patient
Authors: Abdelgalil Mohamed , Abbas Mustafa , Radwan Radwan Mohamed , Tekle Natnael Fekadu
Published: September 2024

Background:

Chilaiditi syndrome is a situation with a structural impingement of the colon on the liver, leading to an elevated hemidiaphragm in the X-ray along with a gas-like ap-pearance in the right hemithorax. It is generally a benign disease that is managed conservatively upon diagnosis. Rarely, it can be a cause of intestinal obstruction. Chilaiditi syndrome was origi-nally named after Demetrius Chilaiditi, the Greek radiologist who first described the case in 1910 while working in Vienna.

Case Presentation:

Here, we have described the case of a 76-year-old male who was admitted to
our long-term care facility for chronic respiratory failure, and he was connected to mechanical
ventilation via tracheostomy. He was having occasional bouts of constipation, and was on regular
laxatives. In a CT chest film done because of very thick respiratory secretions and desaturation,
an incidental finding of Chilaiditi syndrome was noted.

:

The patient has been managed conservatively with laxatives and per-need enemas.

:

Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare condition in which the colon interposes between the liver, right hemidiaphragm,
and the abdominal wall, causing occasional clinical symptoms. Conversely, radiographic
findings without clinical symptoms are known to exhibit the Chilaiditi sign. The disease's
prevalence is estimated to be somewhere between 0.025 and 0.28%.

Conclusion:

Chilaiditi syndrome is a syndrome that refers to the interposition of the colon upon
the hepatic flexure. It is a very rare but a serious cause of constipation, resulting in severe symptoms
to the extent that they may warrant surgical intervention.
Pengaruh Akuntabilitas Dan Independensi Auditor Ter-hadap Kualitas Audit Pada Kantor Akuntan Publik
Authors: Mahendra Nugraha  , Widijoko Grace
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine: 1) the effect of Auditor Accountability on the audit quality of KAP Yogyakarta; 2) the effect of auditor independence on the audit quality of KAP Yogyakarta; 3) the effect of Auditor Accountability and Auditor Independence together on audit quality at KAP in Malang. This research is comparative causal research because this research intends to explain the causal relationship between the variables by testing the hypotheses formulated previously. The population in this study are auditors who work at the Public Accounting Firm in Malang. The test results show that all instruments are valid and reliable. Before the analysis, the analysis prerequisite tests were carried out, including the normality, linearity, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests. The data used to test the hypothesis was analysed using multiple regression analysis techniques, t-test, and F test. This study proves that Accountability and Auditor Independence directly have a significant positive effect on audit quality.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) pengaruh Akuntabilitas Auditor terhadap Kualitas Audit KAP Yogyakarta; 2) pengaruh Independensi Auditor terhadap Kualitas Audit KAP Yogyakarta; 3) pengaruh Akuntabilitas Auditor dan Independensi Auditor secara bersama-sama terhadap Kualitas Audit pada KAP di Kota Malang. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kausal komparatif, karena penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menjelaskan hubungan kausal antara variabel-variabel dengan melalui pengujian hipotesis yang telah dirumuskan sebelumnya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah auditor yang bekerja di Kantor Akuntan Publik di Kota Malang. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan hasil bahwa semua instrumen valid dan reliabel. Sebelum dilakukan analisis terlebih dahulu diadakan pengujian prasyarat analisis meliputi uji normalitas, uji linieritas, uji multikolinearitas, dan uji heteroskedastisitas. Analisis data yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah dengan menggunakan teknik analisis teknik analisis regresi ganda, uji t dan uji F. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa Akuntabilitas dan Indepedensi Auditor
Pengaruh Pengungkapan Coorporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Pangsa Pasar Perusahaan
Authors: Pangestu Suciati Hanung , Sudarma Made
Published: September 2024

This study examines the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure on company market share with control variables of firm value and profitability of coal mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2021. The study samples include 100 coal mining companies selected through purposive sampling and are analyzed by panel data regression utilizing EViews 12 software. The results of the study exhibited that both Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure and the control variables (firm value and profitability) had a positive and significant effect on company market share, implying that CSR disclosure is one of the indicators of general impression improvement on company performance for the surroundings, leading to continuous market share growth.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pengungkapan Corporate Sosial Responsibility (CSR) terhadap pangsa pasar perusahaan dengan variable kontrol nilai perusahaan dan profitabilitas pada perusahaan pertambangan batu bara yang listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2018-2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, sebanyak 100 sampel perusahaan pertambangan batu bara berhasil dikumpulkan. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi data panel menggunakan aplikasi EViews 12. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pangsa pasar perusahaan. Sedangkan untuk variable kontrol nilai perusahaan, dan profitabilitas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pangsa pasar perusahaan. Hal ini, mengindikasikan bahwa pengungkapan CSR menjadi salah satu indikator peningkatan impresi publik terhadap kinerja perusahaan yang dilakukan untuk lingkungan sekitarnya, dan berdampak secara kontinu terhadap peningkatan pangsa pasar perusahaan.
Central Bank Digital Currency Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Arief Syaiful , Triyuwono Iwan
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate one type in the Fintech area, namely the Central Bank Digital Currency, from the perspective of the Islamic economy.  This study uses a literature study approach to determine how Sharia positions the Central Bank Digital Currency as a currency or a medium of exchange and the effects on accounting. It also analyzes its suitability to be used as a medium of exchange. Then, the values obtained from CBDC searches and fiqh studies are synchronized with the functions of money: the medium of exchange, the standard of deferred payment, the store of value, and the unit of account. This research will investigate the concept of money with elements within it and analyze whether CBDC is inappropriate.  It will also explain the Islamic perspective and, precisely, the Sharia view of CBDC as a currency or medium of exchange.
Abstrak
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki salah satu jenis di area Fintech, yaitu Central Bank Digital Currency  Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakann pendekatan studi literatur untuk mengetahui bagaimana Syariah memposisikan Central Bank Digital Currency sebagai mata uang atau sebagai alat tukar, serta pengaruhnya terhadap akuntansi, dan juga menganalisis kecocokannya untuk dijadikan sebagai alat tukar. Kemudian nilai-nilai yang didapatkan dari penelusuran CBDC dan telaah fiqih disinkronisasikan dengan fungsi uang yaitu medium of exchange, standart of deferred payment, store of value, dan unit of account. Penelitian ini akan menyelidiki konsep uang dengan unsur-unsur di dalamnya, dan menganalisis apakah CBDC memang sesuai atau tidak. Penelitian ini juga akan menjelaskan tentang perspektif Islam, dan tepatnya, pandangan Syariah tentang CBDC sebagai mata uang atau sebagai media pertukaran.