bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRODUCT QUALITY MANAGEMENT AS A STRATEGIC VECTOR FOR ENSURING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY ON THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET
Authors:   KROK University, Alkema Viktor , Sumets Olexandr ,   KROK University
Published: July 2023

The article considers alternative views of scientists regarding the essence of the categories of quality, product quality, quality of pharmaceutical products, competitiveness of products and competitiveness of a pharmaceutical company. The scientific problems and modern approaches to understanding these categories are analyzed. A causal relationship between these categories has been established. The components of the problem of product quality management in the aspect of ensuring the competitiveness of a pharmaceutical company are disclosed. The peculiarities of competitiveness in the international market of pharmaceutical companies specializing in the production of generics are revealed. The main factors influencing the competitive position of a pharmaceutical company in the international market specializing in the production of medicines have been identified. From the standpoint of a systematic approach, the author's vision of decomposition of the components of the management system of international competitiveness of a pharmaceutical company has been formed. The composition of its subsystems is substantiated, their goals and objectives are determined, the connection between them is established. It is proved that the international management system is part of Competitiveness includes a number of subsystems, namely: strategic planning subsystem, marketing subsystem, operating subsystem, quality management subsystem and resource subsystem. The quality management subsystem is an important component of the international competitiveness management system and its integration with other subsystems of this system allows balancing the ability of a pharmaceutical company to take a proper competitive position in the international market and the ability to provide an appropriate level of quality of pharmaceutical products to achieve it. The article defines the composition of elements of the quality management subsystem and discloses their goals and objectives. The main elements in the quality management subsystem are defined by the authors: strategy and quality policy, change management, organizational structure and responsibility, management, quality control and audit, personnel development, internal audit, risk management and documentation management. The relationship between individual elements of the quality management subsystem of pharmaceutical companies specializing in the production of generics in the international market is demonstrated. It is proved that the quality management subsystem contains a mechanism of coordination with other subsystems of the management system of international competitiveness of a pharmaceutical company and is an important tool for its competition.
Практикум з курсу «Історія туризму»
Authors: Пацюк Вікторія Сергіївна
Published: July 2023

Практикум містить особливості структури теоретичного та практичного курсу, вихідні дані та методику виконання практичних робіт з історії туризму, перелік завдань самостійної роботи та питання для заліку з дисципліни, варіанти тестових завдань з даного курсу. Для студентів напряму підготовки «Туризм».
Application of Pseudo-Random Numbers in System Design
Authors: Kotsiubivska Kateryna , Tymoshenko Olena , Bulyha Kostiantyn , Yarokhno Ihor
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the article is to study and search for optimal strategies for modelling information systems using pseudo-random numbers to improve the performance of information systems and to determine the optimal parameters of random number distributions; to analyze efficient algorithms for generating pseudo-random numbers.
The research methods are based on the application of a systematic approach to analyzing the benefits of using pseudorandom numbers in the design of information systems.
Scientific novelty. The article analyses the advantages of stochastic modelling of information systems using different approaches to generating pseudorandom numbers, and for the first time considers the application of a random decision tree forest for modelling queuing systems.
Conclusions. The application of pseudorandom numbers in system design is an urgent problem that requires further research and development of methods. The design of efficient algorithms for generating, validating, and using pseudorandom values plays an essential role in many fields of science and technology. This approach allows for optimization and planning in the process of designing the system and is essential for validating and testing the system. By generating random variables, you can create different test scenarios and check how the system reacts to various conditions, which helps to identify potential errors, flaws, and problems in the system and ensures the quality of the design.
Thus, the use of pseudo-random numbers in system design allows for randomness, risk analysis, optimization and planning, validation, and testing. This is an important aspect of system development that helps to ensure their reliability, performance, and efficiency.
Open Access Principles Implementation in Ukraine: Current State and Future Perspectives
Authors: Kaliuzhna Nataliia
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the article is to conduct a comprehensive, objective and critical analysis of the results of research on open access in Ukraine to assess the current state of the topic and identify the aspects which require deeper study in order to develop an effective mechanism for implementing the principles of open access in practice.
Research methods. The method of narrative literature review with a defined search strategy and criteria for selecting publications in four databases, such as Dimensions, Scopus, Web of Science and the depository of electronic copies “Scientific Periodicals of Ukraine” was used. The inclusion criteria were articles published by authors affiliated with Ukrainian institutions.
The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the literature analysis helped to expand and deepen knowledge about the thematic areas of open access research in Ukraine; to identify previously unknown links and contradictions between studies; and to identify areas that require further studies, which include, in particular, the analysis of factors and barriers that facilitate or prevent Ukrainian authors from disseminating their works in open access, the dynamics of growth and peculiarities of the distribution of the share of open access publications by year and field of study.
Conclusions. Open access is one of the main components of Open Science. It serves as a tool for accelerating knowledge sharing, developing science, helping to eliminate inequality, and helping to solve several global problems. The research of Ukrainian scientists focuses on four primary areas of open access research: the development of open access policies at the level of institutions and the state, the introduction of institutional repositories, the launch of open access journals, and the regulation of copyright in open scientific communication.
Principles and Advantages of Implementing an Institutional Repository in the Libraries of Higher Education Institutions (on the Example of the Lutsk Pedagogical College of the Volyn Regional Council)
Authors: Horbach Nadiia , Liashuk Nataliia
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the article is to define the basic principles of electronic repository efficiency, to study the experience and advantages of implementing an institutional repository in a higher education establishment, and to investigate the problems faced by users in the process of working with an institutional repository.
The research methods are based on analysis and synthesis, which made it possible to summarize previous scientific works on the problem under study and draw independent conclusions. The paper also uses the method of a sociological survey in the form of a questionnaire to identify the problems that users face when working with a repository.
The scientific novelty of the article is to clarify the basic principles of implementing an electronic repository system by libraries of higher education establishments; to study the advantages of an institutional repository as opposed to library collections and archives. The use of a sociological survey in the form of a questionnaire made it possible to identify some difficulties and shortcomings of the institutional repository.
Conclusions. The basic principles and specific recommendations for the design of the electronic repository system, which were taken into account during the implementation of the institutional repository of the Lutsk Pedagogical College of the Volyn Regional Council, were determined. The importance of conducting a sociological survey at the initial stages of the institutional repository to study the users’ requirements and create a quality information product was revealed. Among the difficulties encountered by users and shortcomings in the work of the repository were the following: scanning of published documents (in some cases); lack of full-text documents; entering metadata, and keywords; inability to automatically download publications from Google Scholar; time resources required to download publications. The survey provided feedback from users, helped to identify the needs of authors and users, set clear goals and objectives for the institutional repository, and promoted the use of open sources. Despite certain shortcomings, the institutional repository is an effective tool for the informatization of modern library services. It has been established that the efficient operation of an institutional repository ensures the development of scientific and educational activities at a higher education establishment.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Sel Surya untuk Optimalisasi Budidaya Ikan Lele Berbasis Sistem Biofloc-Aquaponic
Authors: Sunaryono Sunaryono , Diantoro Markus , Taufiq Ahmad , Susanto Hendra , Najmi Muhammad Ikhwan , Yuliana Futri
Published: July 2023

Gadingkasri Village is one of the villages located in the Klojen District of Malang City which is located in the downtown area of Malang. The location of the village surrounded by a business center and several universities makes this village very strategic because it is a densely populated residential area with a combination of residential communities and students as boarding house residents. With this condition, Gadingkasri Village has considerable economic zone potential for its people. Gadingkasri Village, especially residents in RW. 3, there is a community of PKK mothers who are members of the Urban Farming Group who have a vision to green residential areas by gardening around settlements. One of the potentials that can be developed is to develop community activities in the Urban Farming community towards optimizing energy and increasing residents' income by raising catfish. The community service program through funding from the State University of Malang aims to maximize the existing potential through the use of appropriate technology. The method used in this service is a method of empowering catfish farming by utilizing appropriate technology engineering for sustainable alternative energy. The activities that have been carried out are in the form of mentoring, designing, installing aquaponic systems, and biofloc pools, and solar panels which will be alternative energy in supplying aquaponic pump electrical systems and biofloc ponds. The results of this service activity are expected to be an alternative energy source solution that can be used independently by RW residents. 3 Gadingkasri village. The empowerment of catfish with a biofloc system is also expected to be able to increase the economic income of residents
Pelatihan Digital Marketing untuk Meningkatkan Penjualan Batik Pamekasan di Desa Sentra Batik Klampar Kecamatan Proppo Kabupaten Pamekasan
Authors: Mubarak Reza , Subairi Subairi , Faruq Umarul , Fatoni Ihlasul , Lailiyah Fithratul
Published: July 2023

Pamekasan is the largest batik-producing district in Madura. There are around 28 batik centers spread across several sub-districts, and the most are in the Proppo sub-district, namely 12 batik centers. One of these batik centers is Klampar Village. Product penetration into the market has also been quite slow because the availability of information about Pamekasan batik has not been widely exposed. Therefore, it is necessary to increase promotion and sales using digital marketing. The focus of this digital marketing training activity is education about the potential of the digital market and the importance of digital marketing, followed by training on marketing batik products through social media. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The result of this activity is that participants are trained to utilize social media to optimize marketing via the internet. Participants are guided by a resource person. And at the end of the activity, an evaluation is carried out to see how big the impact is on digital marketing through social media.
Main therapy aspects of the cholelithiasis early phase. Do we need to search for the gold standard nowadays?
Authors:   V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Pakhomova I.G.
Published: July 2023

Over the past decades, there has been a clear trend towards an increase in the number of patients suffering from cholelithiasis, especially among persons of working age. At the same time, the early phase of the disease (biliary sludge), which commonly proceeds without clinical symptoms, acquires the greatest relevance. Besides, the cholelithiasis course can also be accompanied by biliary dyskinesia, which accelerates the process of calculus formation. That is why preventive conservative treatment allows most patients to avoid lithiasis at the early phase of cholelithiasis. And there is no gold standard of the treatment tactics for patient management at this phase. Some patients diagnosed with phase 1 cholelithiasis remain without therapy and monitoring. An oral litholytic therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is proposed in some cases. This article draws increasing attention to the modern method for the treatment in the early phase of cholelithiasis, demonstrating a clinical example of a successful integrated treatment approach for a patient with biliary sludge, biliary dyskinesia and overweight. This method is aimed at correcting various pathogenetic factors of biliary sludge and reckons for the prescription of not only the UDCA drug but also a prokinetic. KEYWORDS: biliary sludge, biliary tract disorder, ursodeoxycholic acid, trimebutine, prevention, obesity, prokinetics. FOR CITATION: Pakhomova I.G. Main therapy aspects of the cholelithiasis early phase. Do we need to search for the gold standard nowadays? Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(5):332–336 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-12.
Rabeprazole in the treatment of acid-related disorders
Authors:   Federal Research Center «Krasnoyarsk Science Center» of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Tsukanov V.V.
Published: July 2023

Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used to treat acid-related disorders (ARD). Rabeprazole is a potent inhibitor of gastric H+/K+-ATPase, and it is indicated for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, gastric and duodenal ulcers and for Helicobacter pylori eradication (in combination with antibiotics), as well as for the treatment of ARD described in this article. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data show that rabeprazole provides a marked acid inhibition from the first administration, which persists with repeated use. Due to the predominantly non-enzymatic metabolism, rabeprazole has a lower interaction potential between drugs. Besides, rabeprazole maintains a high intragastric pH and achieves maximum acid inhibition in 24 hours. Rabeprazole is characterized by linearity of pharmacokinetics, which remains unchanged in renal and hepatic insufficiency. Rabeprazole is available in the dosage form of enteric capsules due to the PPIs instability in an acidic environment. Rabeprazole is generally well-tolerated by patients. Besides several minor side effects, rabeprazole is safe to be widely used in the treatment of ARD. KEYWORDS: proton pump inhibitors, antisecretory drugs, rabeprazole, efficacy, safety, expediency, acid-related disorders, gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer, gastropathy, dyspepsia. FOR CITATION: Tsukanov V.V. Rabeprazole in the treatment of acid-related disorders. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(5):264–273 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-4.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and women's health
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Livzan M.A. , Syrovenko M.I. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Krolevets T.S. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

This article is aimed to summarize data on the incidence and patterns of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) course among women of different age. The prevalence of NAFLD is growing worldwide. In general, the incidence of this liver disease in men is higher than in women. However, a detailed examination of various age groups revealed that in women of reproductive age, the NAFLD incidence was lower than in men; at the same time, after menopause, the disease incidence in women became equal to the incidence in men, even exceeded it according to some data. Ongoing epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies indicate a higher risk of NAFLD and liver fibrosis in women with postmenopause versus woman with premenopause, as well as that older women with NAFLD have a higher mortality rate than men. One of the key roles in metabolic changes that contribute, in particular, to the NAFLD development is assigned to estrogens. The relevance of the NAFLD detection and treatment in women is due to a significantly higher prevalence of age-adjusted cardiovascular diseases, 5-year mortality from all causes and 5-year cardiovascular mortality versus women without NAFLD. KEYWORDS: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, fibrosis, steatosis, menopause, premenopause, pregnancy, estrogens, ursodeoxycholic acid. FOR CITATION: Livzan M.A., Syrovenko M.I., Krolevets T.S. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and women's health. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(5):310–317 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-9.
Impossibilities, mathematics, and logic
Authors: Mala Firdous Ahmad
Published: July 2023

Mathematics is known for its rigor. Owing to its rigor, mathematics is both loved and feared. Proof holds a pivotal position in the whole of mathematical rigor. Proof is required for something to be possible. Interestingly, proof is equally important and required for something to be declared impossible. In this paper, certain beautiful examples of impossibilities are mentioned, which include, among others, the impossibility of the denumerability of real numbers, squaring a circle, and doubling a cube.
Unrealized opportunities: Exploring Russia’s untapped OFDI potentials amidst economic sanctions
Authors: Drapkin Igor M. , Fedyunina Anna A. , Simachev Yuri V.
Published: July 2023

The economic sanctions imposed by the United States, Europe, and other countries since 2014 have heightened the unpredictability and turbulence in the business environment for Russian firms, necessitating exploration of new international partners and transformation of economic relationships. This paper aims to examine the redirection of Russian outward foreign­ direct investment (OFDI) in the context of these economic sanctions, particularly those intensified since 2022. The analysis employs an estimated econometric model to compare actual and potential levels of OFDI, utilizing a comprehensive database covering 74 origin and 102 destination countries from 2010 to 2019. The estimation technique employs Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood approaches. The findings indicate that Russian firms demonstrated underinvestment in most regions, except for Northern and Western Europe, during the examined period. The 2014 sanctions resulted in a significant decline in Russian OFDI to the countries imposing sanctions, while there was an increase in OFDI to Asia, the Middle East, and the CIS countries. As anticipated, the 2022 sanctions exerted additional pressure on Russian OFDI, leading to a further shift of their outflows towards Asia and the Middle East, which, however, could not compensate for the sharp decline in OFDI to the EU countries and North America. The results highlight the existence of untapped OFDI potential for Russia in African and Latin American countries as well as in the Middle East. These regions emerge as desirable partners for bilateral economic liberalization. From a policy perspective, the findings emphasize the importance for the Russian Federation to pursue deep trade agreements that encompass investment preferences, public procurement, and the protection of intellectual property rights with regions harboring untapped potential for OFDI. Additionally, expanding government support for domestic firms venturing abroad is crucial to sustain and enhance integration into the global economy, especially in the face of sanctions.
Metastasis of Pulmonary Carcinoma to the Breast: Case Report
Authors: Oliveira Flávio Roberto Garbelini de , Milani Daniel Nunes , Xavier-Júnior José Cândido Caldeira , Ferreira Daniella Rezende , Bagio Tony Maronesi , Chrisostomo Fernanda Alvim
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Pulmonary carcinoma is the most prevalent cancer in the world, followed by breast cancer. It has high mortality rates in men and women mainly due to its ability to metastasize. Metastases from lung carcinoma to the breast are extremely rare. The first case described occurred in 1965 and since then there are few cases of this condition reported in the world medical literature. Case report: A 59-year-old woman who complained of low back pain in May 2017. The investigation revealed a metastatic site in the fifth vertebra of the lumbar spine with unknown origin. Six months later, a new lesion was found in the ninth vertebra of the thoracic spine. Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for cytokeratin 7 and TTF1 markers, confirming the hypothesis of lung carcinoma as the primary site. In March 2018, the patient evolved with a symptomatic nodule in the right breast on ultrasound and with positivity for TTF1 on immunohistochemical study, confirming the metastasis of lung carcinoma to the breast. Treated for two years until March 2020, when she presented multiple brain metastases. Patient had no therapeutic success and died. Conclusion: The difficulty in diagnosing lung carcinoma metastasis to the breast stands out, surgeons, clinicians and pathologists should consider this diagnosis, although rare.
Prediksi Energi Pada Panel Surya Offgrid 400 Wp Menggunakan Software Pvsyst
Authors: Monika Dezetty , Muchlishah Muchlishah , Nadhiroh Nuha , Z Indra , Mulyadi Wisnu Hendri , Tiar Mutiar
Published: July 2023

Kinerja pada sistem panel surya dipengaruhi oleh letak geografis dan jenis dari modul panel surya yang digunakan. Sistem panel surya akan mengubah radiasi sinar matahari menjadi listrik. Penyinaran matahari pada daerah Jawa Barat 65,51% dan dan potensi energi matahari di Indonesia mencapai 4,8 kWh/m2 per hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan memprediksi energi yang dibutuhkan untuk mensuplai beban pompa air DC 100 Watt pada kebun hidroponik. Rancangan disimulasikan dengan software PVsyst dengan empat panel surya polycrystalline dengan kapasitas masing-masing 100 Wp yang disusun secara paralel. Selain itu juga dilakukan analisis perspektif plotting untuk mengetahui pengaruh pergerakkan matahari dan orientasi plotting untuk besar produksi energi listrik yang dihasilkan. Dari hasil simulasi yang didapatkan energi yang dibutuhkan beban sebesar 884,76 kWh/tahun. Sedangkan energi dari PLTS yang disuplai ke beban sebesar 504 kWh/tahun. Sehingga ada missing energy sebesar 380,76 kWh/tahun. Oleh karena itu, direkomendasian kombinasi suplai daya dengan sumber lain. Selain itu, sistem PLTS dapat dikategorikan cukup baik dengan nilai rasio SF yang didapatkan sebesar 0,57 dan nilai rata-rata rasio performa sebesar 0,653 dengan nilai diatas 0,7 pada bulan Februari, November dan Desember.
Tata Kelola Pembentukan Regulasi Terkait Perdagangan Mata Uang Kripto (Cryptocurrency) sebagai Aset Kripto (Crypto Asset)
Authors: Arbina Maria , F Putuhena M Ilham
Published: July 2023

Investasi kripto (Cryptocurrency) sangat berkembang saat ini baik secara global maupun di indonesia, Cryptocurrency dapat digunakan sebagai alat pembayaran atau mata uang yang merupakan tujuan pertama diciptakannya mata uang tersebut, dan sisi lainnya adalah sebagai  komoditas atau sebagai aset digital yang lazimnya disebut sebagai Aset Kripto atau Crypto Asset. Sebagai alat pembayaran, cryptocurrency dilarang di Indonesia tetapi sebagai aset di perbolehkan untuk diperdagangkan. Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana tata kelola pembentukan regulasi terkait perdagangan mata uang kripto (cryptocurrency) sebagai aset kripto (crypto asset) saat ini? dan Bagaimana pengaturan yang dibutuhkan untuk membangun tata kelola regulasi yang lebih komprehensif terkait aset kripto (crypto asset)?, dari hasil penelitian terdapat pengaturan terkait dengan Aset Kripto yang dikeluarkan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 10 Tahun 2011 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 1997 Tentang Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi, dan Peraturan Menteri perdagangan serta peraturan  Bappebti. Tetapi beberapa aspek pengaturan masih belum diatur seperti terkait dengan perlindungan investor/pelanggan aset kripto dalam Bursa/ Pasar Fisik Aset Kripto.
Kewenangan Pelaksana Tugas (Plt) Kepala Daerah dalam Pemerintahan Daerah Menurut Perspektif Hukum Administrasi Negara
Authors: Sutan Rais Aminullah Nasution  , Agusmidah  , Sembiring Amsali Syahputa
Published: July 2023

Kondisi kekosongan jabatan Kepala Daerah terjadi karena akan berakhirnya masa jabatan kepala Daerah dan/atau adanya permasalahan hukum sehingga perlu adanya pengangkatan Pelaksana Tugas (selanjutnya disebut Plt) sebagai pengganti Kepala Daerah. Kewenangan Plt sendiri memiliki batasan kewenangan yang telah di tetapkan oleh peraturan perundang-undangan. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaturan kewenangan Plt Kepala Daerah dalam Pemerintahan Daerah dengan mengangkat permasalahan bagaimana pengaturan tentang Plt Kepala Daerah serta kewenagan apa saja yang dapat dijalankan Plt Kepala Daerah dalam Pemerintahan Daerah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (Statute Approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (Conceptual Approach). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Plt Kepala Daerah merupakan pejabat sementara yang diangkat untuk mengisi kekosongan jabatan Kepala Daerah yang sedang berhalangan menjalankan tugas. Pengaturan Plt dapat ditemukan dalam  UU No 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan. Sedangkan kewenangan Plt Kepala Daerah belum ada diatur secara khusus sehingga pengaturannya dapat ditemukan dalam beberapa bentuk ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan yang menyelipkan tentang batas dan Kewenangan Plt Kepala Daerah.
Kekuatan Eksekutorial Jaksa dalam Pelaksanaan Pidana Tambahan Berdasarkan Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI No. 1203K/PID.SUS.LH/2016 Tentang Tindak Pidana Lingkungan Hidup
Authors: Situmorang Aben Bintang Manondang , Syahrin Alvi , Sunarmi Sunarmi , Ekaputra M.
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini terkait dengan adanya kasus perusakan lingkungan hidup oleh PT. Gorga Duma Sari (PT. GDS) yang terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan bersalah telah melakukan tindak pidana perusakan lingkungan hidup berdasarkan Pasal 98 ayat (1) UU Pengelolaan dan Perlindungan Lingkungan Hidup berdasarkan Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI No. 1203K/Pid.Sus/2016. Putusan tersebut mengadili Terdakwa “JH” selaku Direktur Utama PT GDS atas perbuatannya yang mengakibatkan dilampauinya baku mutu udara ambien, buku mutu air, baku mutu air laut atau baku mutu kerusakan lingkungan hidup yang diatur dalam Pasal 98 ayat (1) jo. Pasal 116 ayat (1) UU PPLH. Dalam amar putusan tersebut ada hal yang menarik terkait pidana tambahan perbaikan kerusakan lingkungan yang dilakukan dengan cara menanam tanaman keras di lokasi bekas tebangan pohon dari membangun dinding penahan tebing terhadap tebing yang telah dipotong oleh PT GDS. Penjatuhan pidana tambahan dalam putusan ini terdapat makna “tanaman keras” yang tidak dijelaskan oleh majelis hakim. Istilah tanaman keras ini tidak diatur sama sekali mengenai definisi tanaman keras yang sesungguhnya. Permasalahan penelitian ini, yaitu: pengaturan pelaksanaan putusan pengadilan (eksekusi) pidana tambahan terhadap putusan tindak pidana lingkungan hidup; kekuatan eksekutorial jaksa dalam pelaksanaan eksekusi pidana tambahan dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI No. 1203K/Pid.Sus.LH/2016. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif analisis. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Putusan pengadilan sebagai data sekunder didapat dari Kepaniteraan Pengadilan Negeri Balige. Dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif, maka hasil penelitian, bahwasanya masih terdapat kekosongan hukum dalam eksekusi putusan tindak pidana lingkungan hidup; dan tidak adanya upaya paksa dari Kejaksaan Negeri Pangururan dalam melaksanakan eksekusi Putusan MA.RI No. 1203K/Pid.Sus.LH/2016. Sebab, tidak ada sanksi tindakan tata tertib yang dikenakan kepada PT. GDS apabila tidak melaksanakan pidana tambahan tersebut.
Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Tindak Pidana Korupsi Gubernur Sumatera Utara Periode 2013-2018 Gatot Pujo Nugroho (Studi Putusan Nomor: 104/Pid.Sus.Tpk/2016/Pn.Mdn)
Authors: SIMANJUNTAK SANGGAM BILL CLINTON , Erwina Liza , Mulyadi Mahmud
Published: July 2023

Korupsi merupakan satu fenomena yang sejak dahulu sudah menjadi masalah bagi bangsa-bangsa di dunia . Bahkan di Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia korupsi sudah menjadi masalah sejak awal kemerdekaan hingga pada hari ini.  Usaha-usaha yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah dari masa pemerintahan orde lama, dan usaha yang dilakukan oleh rezim orde baru dalam  kurun waktu 53 tahun kemerdekaan dianggap belum mampu menuntaskan permasalahan korupsi di Indonesia yang justru semakin mewabah di usia negara yang ke 53 hingga pada Orde Reformasi dengan diundangkannya UU No.31 Tahun 1999 jo UU No.20/2001 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi kita masih belum bisa dikatakan berasil memberantas korupsi di Indonesia.
Adapun permasalahan yang diangkat dalam skripsi ini adalah mengenai Bagaimana pengaturan menegenai Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia dan penerapannya dalam kasus Tindak Pidana Korupsi berdasarkan Putusan Nomor : 104/Pid.Sus.TPK/2016/PN.Mdn
Tanggungjawab Penyelenggara Layanan Peer To Peer Lending Terhadap Resiko Kerugian Pengguna Layanan Peer To Peer Lending Berdasarkan POJK No. 77/POJK.01/2016 Tentang Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi
Authors: Kartika Putri Laurentia Ayu , Nasution Bismar , Sunarmi Sunarmi , Siregar Mahmul
Published: July 2023

Peran OJK yang tampak dari POJK No. 77/POJK.01/2016 Tentang Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi mengatur mengenai pemberian izin kepada penyelenggara layanan peer to peer lending, mengatur jalannya praktik peer to peer lending, mengawasi penyelenggara layanan peer to peer lending, dan memberikan sanksi bagi penyelenggara yang melakukan pelanggaran terhadap aturan POJK No. 77/POJK.01/2016 Tentang Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi. Tanggungjawab penyelenggara layanan peer to peer lending sering kali tersamarkan, sedangkan pihak pemberi pinjaman dan penerima pinjaman bisa mengalami risiko kerugian dalam menjalankan proses pinjam meminjam. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum yuridis normatif menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan studi pustaka (library research) yakni pengumpulan data yang dilakukan secara studi kepustakaan dan peraturan-peraturan yang berhubungan dengan tujuan penelitian. Sumber data yang digunakan menitikberatkan pada data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode kualitatif terhadap data primer dan data sekunder. Tanggung jawab dari penyelenggara peer to peer lending diatur dalam Pasal 37 POJK Nomor 77/POJK.01/2016 tentang Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi yaitu : “Penyelenggara wajib bertanggung jawab atas kerugian Pengguna yang timbul akibat kesalahan dan/atau kelalaian, Direksi, dan/atau pegawai Penyelenggara.” Tanggung jawab penyelenggara hanya sebatas pada kesalahan dan/atau kelalaian dalam menjalankan kegiatan usaha Penyelenggara dan/atau pihak ketiga yang bekerja untuk kepentingan Penyelenggara.
Ta’arudh Al-Adillah: Metode Memahami Dalil dalam Penyelesaian Persoalan Hukum
Authors: Putri Eka Ramadhani
Published: July 2023

Perkembangan kajian fiqh tentu berkaitan erat dengan pemahaman dalil hukum yang bersumber dari Alquran dan Sunnah/hadis. Adakalanya dalil satu hukum ketika dihadapkan dengan sebuah persoalan akan menemukan jawaban pada masalah tersebut. Begitupun, tidak sedikit dalil hukum yang bersumber dari Alquran khususnya berbeda ketentuan dan maksud dengan dalil lainnya yang pada akhirnya memunculkan perbedaan argumen. Disinilah pertentangan (ta’arudh) dalil terjadi dan saling berbenturan. Agar hal ini tidak miss persepsi, diperlukan metode memahami dalil secara spesifik agar persoalan suatu hukum tidak ditetapkan sembarangan. Mengingat perkembangan hukum Islam yang bergerak dinamis, maka pemahaman atas suatu hukum harus benar-benar sesuai prosedur agar ketentuan hukum pada satu dalil dengan dalil lainnya terdapat titik temu dan titik perbedaan yang signifikan yang memberi penyelesaian persoalan hukum.
ПРИЧИНИ ТА НАСЛІДКИ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЇ МІГРАЦІЇ ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ
Authors: Баєва Ольга
Published: July 2023

У статті досліджено явище інтелектуальної міграції людського капіталу. В роботі виявлені закономірності процесів міжнародної міграції людських ресурсів. Досліджено причини інтелектуальної міграції людського капіталу. Визначено вплив еміграції інтелектуального капіталу на економічний розвиток країн світу. Вивчено теоретико-концептуальні положення досліджень процесів міжнародної міграції. Проаналізовано теорії міжнародної міграції, які є актуальними для даного дослідження. Визначено головні позитивні та негативні наслідки міграції інтелектуального капіталу. Зроблено акцент на тому, що необхідно підтримувати політику орієнтовну на збереження та покращення якості людського капіталу для зменшення негативних наслідків від інтелектуальної міграції людського капіталу. Зазначено, що контрольована міграція забезпечує високий розвиток людського потенціалу країн та регіонів.
Photocatalytic Treatment of An Actual Confectionery Wastewater Using Ag/TiO2/Fe2O3: Optimization of Photocatalytic Reactions Using Surface Response Methodology
Authors: Lin Yi-Ping , Mehrvar Mehrab
Published: July 2023

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysis is one of the most commonly studied advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the mineralization of deleterious and recalcitrant compounds present in wastewater as it is stable, inexpensive, and effective. Out of all, doping with metal and non-metals, and the heterojunction with another semiconductor were proven to be efficient methods in enhancing the degradation of organic pollutants under ultraviolet (UV) and visible light. However, complex degradation processes in the treatment of an actual wastewater are difficult to model and optimize. In the present study, the application of a modified photocatalyst, Ag/TiO2/Fe2O3, for the degradation of an actual confectionery wastewater was investigated. Factorial studies and statistical design of experiments using the Box-Behnken method along with response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to identify the individual and cross-factor effects of independent parameters, including light wavelength (nm), photocatalyst concentration (g/L), initial pH, and initial total organic carbon (TOC) concentration (g/L). The maximum TOC removal at optimum conditions of light wavelength (254 nm), pH (4.68), photocatalyst dosage (480 mg/L), and initial TOC concentration (11,126.5 mg/L) was determined through the numerical optimization method (9.78%) and validated with experimental data (9.42%). Finally, the first-order rate constant with respect to TOC was found to be 0.0005 min−1 with a residual value of 0.998.
Long-Range Surface-Directed Polymerization-Induced Phase Separation: A Computational Study
Authors: Ghaﬀari Shima , Chan Philip K. , Mehrvar Mehrab
Published: July 2023

The presence of a surface preferably attracting one component of a polymer mixture by the long-range van der Waals surface potential while the mixture undergoes phase separation by spinodal decomposition is called long-range surface-directed spinodal decomposition (SDSD). The morphology achieved under SDSD is an enrichment layer(s) close to the wall surface and a droplet-type structure in the bulk. In the current study of the long-range surface-directed polymerization-induced phase separation, the surface-directed spinodal decomposition of a monomer-solvent mixture undergoing self-condensation polymerization was theoretically simulated. The nonlinear Cahn-Hilliard and Flory-Huggins free energy theories were applied to investigate the phase separation phenomenon. The long-range surface potential led to the formation of a wetting layer on the surface. The thickness of the wetting layer was found proportional to time t*(1/5) and surface potential parameter h(1)(1/5). A larger diffusion coefficient led to the formation of smaller droplets in the bulk and a thinner depletion layer, while it did not affect the thickness of the enrichment layer close to the wall. A temperature gradient imposed in the same direction of long-range surface potential led to the formation of a stripe morphology near the wall, while imposing it in the opposite direction of surface potential led to the formation of large particles at the high-temperature side, the opposite side of the interacting wall. 
Degradation of aqueous methyl tert-butyl ether by photochemical, biological, and their combined processes
Authors: Asadi Azadeh , Mehrvar Mehrab
Published: July 2023

The degradation of aqueous methyl tert-butyl ether ( MTBE) at relatively high concentrations was investigated by various photoinduced oxidation processes such as UV/H2O2 and UV/TiO2 as well as biological processes and their combination. It was shown that the degradation of MTBE by UV/H2O2 and TiO2 photocatalytic followed a first-order model with apparent rate constant of 1.31 x 10(-1) and 1.21 x 10(-2) min(-1), respectively. It was observed that UV/H2O2/ TiO2 process did not have any advantages over each of the other processes alone. The biodegradation of methyl tert-butyl ether ( MTBE) was evaluated using aerobic mixed culture with three different approaches, including ultimate biological oxygen demand (BODU) assessment, nonacclimated, and acclimated mixed cultures. The apparent rate constant for the biodegradation of MTBE by nonacclimated mixed culture was 4.36 x 10(-2) day(-1). It was shown that the acclimatization of the mixed cultures enhanced the rate of biodegradation of MTBE to 3.24 x 10(-1) mg L-1 h(-1). Finally, the effects of the photocatalytic pretreatment of aqueous MTBE on its subsequent biological treatment were studied. It was observed that the rate of bioreaction was not enhanced and the photocatalytic pretreatment had adverse effects on its biological treatment so that the apparent rate constant decreased to 2.83 x 10(-1) mg L-1 h(-1). 
Comparison of the photoactivities of two commercial titanium dioxide powders in the degradation of 1,4-dioxane
Authors: Mehrvar Mehrab , Anderson William A. , Moo-Young Murray
Published: July 2023

Two diﬀerent commercial photocatalysts, Degussa P25 and Hombikat UV 100, were used to degrade 1,4-dioxane photocatalytically in an annular slurry photoreactor. The optimum photocatalyst loading for Degussa P25 was found to be 1.5gL−1 while for Hombikat UV 100 was between 3.0–4.0gL−1. The photoactivity of Degussa P25 is higher than that of Hombikat at lower photocatalyst loadings whereas it is lower at higher photocatalyst loadings. This was found both experimentally and also by mathematical modeling of the radiation within the photoreactor zone. The photoactivity of UV 100 titanium dioxide was found to be twice that of Degussa P25 at optimum loadings.
Photocatalytic degradation of aqueous tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, and their mixture with TiO2
Authors: Mehrvar Mehrab , Anderson William A. , Moo-Young Murray
Published: July 2023

Photocatalytic degradation of tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, and their mixture in a slurry photoreactor was studied. Using both GC/MS and ion chromatography (IC) methods, possible intermediates were detected and the reaction mechanism pathways for both compounds were proposed. Kinetic models were developed and the kinetic parameters were estimated using a statistical method of non-linear parameter estimation in which all experimental data were utilized. It was shown that tetrahydrofuran was disappeared via direct oxidation as well as hydroxyl radical attack. A modified Langmuir-Hinshelwood described the degradation behavior of tetrahydrofuran and the binary system. 1,4-Dioxane obeyed a simple Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic form in the single compound system. 
Computer Simulation of Anisotropic Polymeric Materials Using Polymerization-Induced Phase Separation under Combined Temperature and Concentration Gradients
Authors: Ghaﬀari Shima , Chan Philip K. , Mehrvar Mehrab
Published: July 2023

In this study, the self-condensation polymerization of a tri-functional monomer in a monomer-solvent mixture and the phase separation of the system were simultaneously modeled and simulated. Nonlinear Cahn-Hilliard and Flory-Huggins free energy theories incorporated with the kinetics of the polymerization reaction were utilized to develop the model. Linear temperature and concentration gradients singly and in combination were applied to the system. Eight cases which faced different ranges of initial concentration and/or temperature gradients in different directions, were studied. Various anisotropic structural morphologies were achieved. The numerical results were in good agreement with published data. The size analysis and structural characterization of the phase-separated system were also carried out using digital imaging software. The results showed that the phase separation occurred earlier in the section with a higher initial concentration and/or temperature, and, at a given time, the average equivalent diameter of the droplets was larger in this region. While smaller droplets formed later in the lower concentration/temperature regions, at the higher concentration/temperature side, the droplets went through phase separation longer, allowing them to reach the late stage of the phase separation where particles coarsened. In the intermediate stage of phase separation, was found proportional to t*(alpha), where alpha was in the range between 1/3 and 1/2 for the cases studied and was consistent with published results. 
Synthesis of FeO@SiO2-DNA core-shell engineered nanostructures for rapid adsorption of heavy metals in aqueous solutions
Authors: Patiño-Ruiz David Alfonso , Rehmann Lars , Mehrvar Mehrab , Quiñones-Bolaños Edgar , Herrera Adriana
Published: July 2023

Creating novel and innovative nanostructures is a challenge, aiming to discover nanomaterials with promising properties for environmental remediation. In this study, the physicochemical and adsorption properties of a heterogeneous nanostructure are evaluated for the rapid removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. Core–shell nanostructures are prepared using iron oxide cores and silica dioxide shells. The core is synthesized via the co-precipitation method and modified in situ with citric acid to grow a carboxyl layer. The shell was hydrolyzed/condensed and then functionalized with amine groups for ds-DNA condensation via electrostatic interaction. The characterization techniques revealed functional FeO@SiO2–DNA nanostructures with good crystallinity and superparamagnetic response (31.5 emu g−1). The predominant superparamagnetic nature is attributed to the citric acid coating. This improves the dispersion and stability of the magnetic cores through the reduction of the dipolar–dipolar interaction and the enhancement of the spin coordination. The rapid adsorption mechanism of FeO@SiO2–DNA was evaluated through the removal of Pb(II), As(III), and Hg(II). A rapid adsorption rate is observed in the first 15 min, attributed to a heterogeneous chemisorption mechanism based on electrostatic interactions. FeO@SiO2–DNA shows higher adsorption efficiency of 69% for Pb(II) removal compared to As(III) (51%) and Hg(II) (41%). The selectivity towards Pb(II) is attributed to the similar acid nature to ds-DNA, where the ionic strength interaction provides good affinity and stability. The facile synthesis and rapid adsorption suggest a promising nanostructure for the remediation of water sources contaminated with heavy metal ions and can be extended to other complex molecules.
Photocatalytic degradation of aqueous organic solvents in the presence of hydroxyl radical scavengers
Authors: Mehrvar Mehrab , Anderson William A. , Moo-Young Murray
Published: July 2023

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1,4-dioxane (DIOX) are two common solvents that are found in contaminated groundwater. Photocatalytic degradation of these two organic solvents in water was studied in the presence of carbonate and bicarbonate, which are hydroxyl radical scavengers. The reactions were performed in an annular slurry photoreactor. It was found that bicarbonate and carbonate ions acted as hydroxyl radical scavengers and slowed down the DIOX degradation rate but did not significantly affect the THF degradation rate. The slight enhancement in the THF degradation rate in the presence of sodium bicarbonate may be due to the increase in pH. In addition, it appears that bicarbonate and carbonate ions were reduced to other organic species during the photocatalytic reaction. 
Comparison of Biobutanol Production Pathways via Acetone− Butanol−Ethanol Fermentation Using a Sustainability Exergy-Based Metric
Authors: Meramo Hurtado Samir Isaac , González-Delgado Ángel Dario , Rehmann Lars , Quiñones-Bolaños Edgar , Mehrvar Mehrab
Published: July 2023

Two different commercial photocatalysts, Degussa P25 and Hombikat UV 100, were used to degrade 1,4-dioxane photocatalytically in an annular slurry photoreactor. The optimum photocatalyst loading for Degussa P25 was found to be 1.5 g L-1 while for Hombikat UV 100 was between 3.0-4.0 g L-1. The photoactivity of Degussa P25 is higher than that of Hombikat at lower photocatalyst loadings whereas it is lower at higher photocatalyst loadings. This was found both experimentally and also by mathematical modeling of the radiation within the photoreactor zone. The photoactivity of UV 100 titanium dioxide was found to be twice that of Degussa P25 at optimum loadings. 
New Method for Measuring Colorimetric Properties of FWA-Treated Paper
Authors: Imura Kenji
Published: July 2023

A new method is proposed for measuring the total spectral radiance factor B(λ), from which all colorimetric values are derived, of paper treated by FWA (fluorescent whitening agent) illuminated by a specific standard illuminant. The method replaces unstable real fluorescent standards by bi-spectral luminescent radiance factor data that works as virtual fluorescent standards. This method was used to measure total spectral radiance factors by two illuminants for fluorescent standard paper supplied by STFI, and the ISO brightness and CIE whiteness were derived from them. The values agreed with values assigned by STFI well enough to prove the validity of the method. Total spectral radiance factors of four FWA-treated papers with fluorescence eliminated or suppressed were also measured by the method and those colorimetric values were derived from them.