bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La actualización catastral y las capacidades institucionales locales: impuesto predial y servicios públicos domiciliarios
Authors: Pulgarín-Franco John-Alejandro
Published: September 2024

Este artículo analiza la actualización catastral y su impacto en el fortalecimiento de las capacidades institucionales locales, a partir de la visión del recaudo del impuesto predial para la prestación de los servicios públicos domiciliarios de acueducto y alcantarillado. Se muestran los cambios producidos observables en un estudio estadístico en 53 municipios por un periodo de diez años; los resultados exponen que la actualización catastral, aisladamente, no genera un aumento en la recaudación del impuesto predial. Asimismo, aunque en gran parte de los municipios se presentaron cambios significativos en las coberturas de alcantarillado, no se presentan cambios representativos en la cobertura de acueducto o calidad del agua. Únicamente en algunos casos se evidencian efectos positivos, lo cual tiene implicaciones en la implementación del instrumento de catastro con enfoque multipropósito, así como en la información detallada sobre la prestación de servicios públicos domiciliarios.
Legibilidad e identidades en el espacio urbano universitario. Ensenada, Baja California, México
Authors: Félix Lugo Lizeth Guadalupe , Organista Camacho Mariel
Published: September 2024

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha devenido una crisis mundial que pone en evidencia repercusiones socio-espaciales donde el espacio urbano se vislumbra como un factor clave para aminorar su impacto social. El objetivo general de esta investigación fue analizar los modos de habitar el espacio desde el trinomio de legibilidad, identidad y seguridad en los espacios urbanos universitarios de la ciudad de Ensenada, México. Se empleó un enfoque metodológico mixto, el cual consideró como instrumento de medición un cuestionario de percepción sobre la habitabilidad urbana aplicado a la comunidad universitaria. Los resultados evidenciaron que: a) la comprensión espacial de las instalaciones incrementó en un 23.06% en post pandemia, b) la preferencia por estar cerca disminuyó un 9.9%, y por estar muy cerca, un 3.3% en dicho periodo, debido al temor de contagio, mientras que, c) la tranquilidad al estar en las instalaciones resultó bien evaluada en ambos años, (el 94.60% se sintieron de tranquilos a muy tranquilos, en 2021, para el 2023 incrementó 0.60%. Finalmente, se reflexiona que el nivel de participación de la comunidad universitaria puede fungir como un medio de apropiación espacial, con implicaciones en la calidad de vida urbana y en la habitabilidad.
Diversidad y estructura arbórea en un gradiente altitudinal de la Cuenca del Yaque, República Dominicana
Authors: Navarrete Espinoza Eduardo , Núñez José Antonio , Milla Araneda Fabián Raúl , Peña Graviel
Published: September 2024

República Dominicana posee una importante superficie de bosques de montaña, cuyas comunidades se encuentran altamente amenazadas, estando, además, entre los ecosistemas tropicales menos estudiados con respecto a los factores que determinan su estructura y composición de especies. Por esto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la gradiente altitudinal sobre la diversidad y estructura arbórea del bosque latifoliado de la Cuenca Alta del Yaque del Norte. Se analizaron unidades muestrales en tres rangos altitudinales (RA), comparando sus índices de  iversidad y estructura. Se registraron 2800 individuos pertenecientes a 34 familias, 53 géneros y 59 especies. La distribución diamétrica de los individuos presentó un arreglo de “J invertida” para los tres rangos altitudinales. Se obtuvieron diferencias en diversidad para los rangos altitudinales, presentando el RA1 el menor valor en dominancia y mayores valores en equidad, riqueza y diversidad, seguidos por el RA3 y RA2 respectivamente, aunque dichas diferencias no manifestaron significancia estadística. La Cuenca Alta del Yaque del Norte presentó valores de riqueza menores que otros bosques tropicales, explicado principalmente por las acciones antrópicas. Las variables de estructura del bosque no manifestaron relación con la gradiente altitudinal, obteniendo una distribución cuya tendencia reflejaría la característica sucesional del bosque. Los índices de diversidad no presentaron relación con la altitud, lo cual se explicaría debido a la heterogeneidad ambiental del área en estudio.
Rasgos funcionales para mamíferos terrestres del sur de México
Authors: Martin-Regalado Cintia Natalia , Briones-Salas Miguel Angel
Published: September 2024

En los últimos años, los mamíferos se han visto gravemente afectados por la pérdida de hábitat, la cacería furtiva, las especies invasoras y el cambio climático. Estos vertebrados tienen una variedad de roles funcionales que impactan en el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas. Para evaluar esta diversidad funcional, es necesario contar con una lista de rasgos seleccionados adecuadamente con base en distintas características de los organismos, que tengan un impacto en el ciclo de nutrientes, flujo de energía, procesos ecológicos, polinización, dispersión de frutas y semillas, controladores de plagas, etc., y resulten en servicios ecosistémicos importantes que contribuyan al bienestar humano. Actualmente, la información de rasgos funcionales de mamíferos es dispersa y, en otros casos, no está plenamente justificada la vinculación entre el rasgo y su expresión con la función ecológica en los ecosistemas, ni su relación con las especies interactuantes. A través de la revisión de fuentes bibliográficas se generó una base de datos que incluye 27 rasgos funcionales, trece de tipo morfológico, tres ecológicos, cinco conductuales y seis reproductivos de 217 especies de mamíferos terrestres que habitan en Oaxaca, al sur de México. Para su uso en el análisis de la diversidad funcional, se menciona el significado funcional de los rasgos que se proponen. El uso de estos rasgos para estimar la diversidad funcional ayudará a diseñar estrategias de conservación adecuadas, que permitan mantener la diversidad de mamíferos silvestres y los procesos cruciales que ellos proporcionan a los ecosistemas.
Diverging approaches to converging policy: Faculty views and narratives of internationalisation of doctoral programmes of education
Authors: Ternai Nazgul , Csereklye Erzsébet , Győri János Gordon
Published: September 2024

This study aims to examine the organisational change within the framework of internationalisation in doctoral programmes of educational studies (DPEd) in the Hungarian context. The literature on internationalisation overwhelmingly projects the perspectives of international students, whereas the experiences of faculty and staff are missing from the overall picture. We seek to mediate this gap by scrutinising the experiences of educational professionals. The transitioning condition of the nationally shaped educational field is under the strong imperative to internationalise pursuing an interrelated set of objectives. The study's theoretical framework is built on the interlinked conceptual grounds of the internationalisation of doctoral programmes and the policy implementation in educational studies including teacher education. Dialectic theory as a change framework opted for this study that accounts for colliding forces in higher education. Ten narratives of educational professionals depict idiosyncratic experiences contributing to country and actors' representation saturating this field of educational policy. The results attest to layers of converging trends in DPEd and diverging practical responses.
Social Capital and the Competitiveness of Logistics Enterprises in the Post-pandemic Era of Society 5.0
Authors: Brzozowska Marta , Kaczmarska-Krawczak Jadwiga , Kolasińska-Morawska Katarzyna , Stroińska Ewa
Published: September 2024

Objective: The aim of the article is to identify and determine the importance of social capital markers relevant to logistics companies in the face of ecosystem challenges, as well as to recommend pro-competitive activities of the industry in the context of building a Society 5.0. The authors hypothesised that the identification of a set of social capital markers collected in the form of a model may become an instrument supporting the management of a logistics enterprise in line with the Society 5.0 trend.
Research Design & Methods: In the research process, a nomothetic approach was used based on the mixed research strategy. The qualitative approach included the method of ethnomethodology with the analysis of available publications, reports and netographic sources. The technique of semantic analysis, the coexistence of terms and the publication suitability of sources were used. On the other hand, the quantitative approach was based on the diagnostic survey method with the CAWI online survey technique.
Findings: The conducted research shows the need to ensure the well-being of employees and the development of their competences, especially digital ones in the context of work technologisation, implementation of innovative technological solutions in the logistics industry. Employees of logistics companies notice that digital competences are the element that affects the efficiency of their work, and this again translates into the company’s competitiveness.
Implications / Recommendations: The authors recommend actions by the logistics industry that will be aimed at increasing the share of expenditure on the development of social capital by caring for the well-being of employees, developing their talents, competences and skills. A simplified model of the identification of social capital markers in logistics enterprises may be a helpful management instrument in this respect.
Contribution: Social capital is of significant importance for the competitiveness of logistics companies in the post-pandemic era of Society 5.0. A high level of trust and cooperation among employees, suppliers, and customers can contribute to more efficient functioning of logistics companies. Social capital can be a key factor in enabling logistics companies to quickly adapt to changing market conditions. Building strong relationships with business partners can bring benefits such as better coordination of activities, greater flexibility, and faster responses to market changes. Investing in the development of social capital can contribute to increasing the competitiveness of logistics companies and lead to their success in the post-pandemic era of Society 5.0.
Investigating the Effects of Four-Square Writing Technique on EFL Students’ Writing Performance in Indonesia
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia, Sartika Dewi , Fitriati Sri Wuli ,   Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia, Suwandi  ,   Universitas PGRI Semarang, Indonesia, Pratama Hendi ,   Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the effects of four-square writing on students’ writing performance. Quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design was employed. The participants were the eleventh-grade students of uppersecondary vocational education. A written test was used to measure students’ performance. The results revealed that the mean scores of students who learned writing using four-square writing were significantly higher than those who did not. It also shows the writing performance of the experimental group in each aspect of writing, namely content, organisation, language use, and mechanics improved. It indicated that the four-square writing technique effectively increased EFL students’ writing performance.
Early and long-term outcomes of deceased-donor kidney transplant in recipients 70 years of age and older
Authors: Smirnova V. V. , Shmarina N. V. , Dmitriev I. V. , Balkarov A. G. , Zagorodnikova N. V. , Vinogradov V. E. , Minina M. G.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The high prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a negative impact on the length and quality of life of patients, especially in the older age group. Renal replacement therapy is required when the disease progresses to end-stage renal failure. In elderly patients with comorbidities, dialysis therapy has its own peculiarities and challenges, often prolonging life for a short period. The increase in the number of patients aged ≥70 years requesting to be placed in the kidney transplant waitlist (KTWL) at Sklifosovsky Research Institu- te of Emergency Care has led to the need to evaluate kidney transplant (KT) outcomes in this patient cohort.

Objective. To analyze the early and long-term outcomes of deceased-donor KT in recipients aged ≥70 years.

Materials and methods. The retrospective study included 23 kidney recipients aged ≥70 years who underwent a deceased-donor KT in the period from 2014 to 2023 at the Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Department, Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Care. Recipient survival was computed using the Kaplan–Meier estimate.

Results. Sixteen recipients (69.6%) had primary function and 7 (30.4%) had delayed function. Nineteen recipients (82.6%) showed a drop in blood creatinine below 200 μmol/L after KT. Hospital, 1- and 3-year survival were 96% (n = 22), 84.8% [95% CI 72–95] and 79% [95% CI 65–92], respectively; 1- and 3-year graft survival were 84.8 [95% CI 72–95] and 73% [95% CI 59–87], respectively.

Conclusion. KT for patients aged ≥70 is a feasible treatment option for CKD stage 5.
Blood and bone marrow cell disorders in the stages of progressive diabetes in mice
Authors: Onishchenko N. A. , Karganov M. Yu. , Alchinova I. B. , Cherepov A. B. , Stepanova O. I. , Metelkin A. A. , Nikolskaya A. O. , Klesov R. A. , Semenov Kh. Kh. , Volkova E. A. , Shagidulin M. Yu. , Basok Yu. B.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to examine how the severity of tissue metabolic disorders affects the dynamics of the state of blood cells and bone marrow (BM) cells in patients with progressive diabetes mellitus (DM).

Materials and methods. The genetic model of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in db/db mutant mice (experimental group, n = 30) was used. Healthy mice of the same line – db/+m (n = 10) and line B10 (n = 5) served as control. The dynamics of laboratory and clinical parameters (blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, body weight) and oxidative metabolism indicators in tissues were monitored FOR 6–6.5 months using Lasma-ST device. The state of blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets) and BM cells were examined during the same period. Statistical processing of the results was done with preliminary use of the Shapiro–Wilk test; the significance of differences with the control was assessed using the parametric Student’s t test, at p < 0.05.

Results. In the development of T2DM, 3 stages of progressive metabolic disorders were identified: I – adaptation stage (1–2 months); II – progressive maladaptation stage (2.5–4.5 months); III – decompensation stage (from 5.0–6.5 months to death). It was found that in T2DM mice, blood content of red blood cells, Hb and leukocytes was reduced already in stages I–III; but in stage II and especially in stage III, there was increased platelet count and percentage of neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils with a decrease in lymphocytes. A high percentage of live cells is preserved in the BM in stages I, II and early periods of stage III; in late periods of stage III, live cell percentages are frequently found to be low; in all periods of stage III, the total cell content in the BM is clearly reduced.

Conclusion. Hematopoietic processes are inhibited in the BM as T2DM progresses. Individual assessment of the state of BM and its cells at the progressive stages of T2DM may be useful for prognostic purposes.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt with gastric vein embolization in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Korobka V. I. , Khoronko Yu. V. , Pasechnikov V. D. , Korobka R. V. , Pak E. S. , Malevanny M. V. , Pasechnikov D. V. , Ashimov I. A.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to determine the predictors and risk of recurrent bleeding after implantation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) combined with selective gastric vein embolization in patients with decompensated cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation (LT).

Materials and methods. A comparative retrospective study was performed in 54 patients waitlisted for LT between 2017 and 2023, who suffered recurrent variceal hemorrhage after secondary prophylaxis of bleeding prior to inclusion in the study. Demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters, clinical indices, hepatic encephalopathy, severity of ascites, degree of varices, manometric study before and after TIPS implantation with gastric vein embolization, with calculation of portal pressure gradient in patients with (n = 16) and without rebleeding (n = 38), were analyzed. The proportions of patients were compared using the Kaplan–Meier method with determination of the logarithmic test (Log-Rank). Cumulative risks were estimated by means of univariate and multivariate analysis of the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results. Within 30 weeks from the date of TIPS combined with gastric vein embolization, 16 of 54 patients (29.6%) developed rebleeding. The following risk factors were identified: age, hemoglobin level, white blood cell count, platelet count, creatinine level, severity of ascites, and mean portal pressure gradient after TIPS implantation. It was found that the proportion of patients without bleeding was significantly higher in patients with portal pressure gradient ≤10 mmHg than in patients with this index >10 mmHg (Log Rank = 0.029). The following independent predictors of recurrent hemorrhage were determined: severity of ascites, shunt thrombosis, portal pressure gradient after TIPS implantation, portal pressure gradient after TIPS implantation <30% of the basal level. It has been shown that the risk of recurrent bleeding at portal pressure gradient >10 mmHg progressively increases and reaches maximum values (HR = 1.713) in patients who underwent TIPS combined with gastric vein embolization between 32 and 40 weeks from the time of surgery, while it is absent at portal pressure gradient ≤10 mmHg.
ESTUDANTES COTISTAS NO CURSO DE MEDICINA DA UFSC/FLORIANÓPOLIS: DOIS PERFIS
Authors: Vilar Bonaldi Eduardo , Viricimo Luan
Published: September 2024

Combinando o uso de dados socioeconômicos, produzidos pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, e entrevistas em profundidade conduzidas pelos pesquisadores, nosso estudo identificou dois perfis de universitários cotistas na carreira de medicina do campus central da UFSC. Com base nas categorias bourdiesianas dos “sobreviventes da superseleção escolar” e dos “pequenos burgueses”, argumentamos que os “sobreviventes” correspondem aos estudantes originados de famílias caracterizadas por ocupações  manuais, com itinerários escolares precários, mas que – através de investimentos educacionais incertos e solitários – compensam gradualmente as desvantagens culturais de seu meio social. Já os cotistas “pequenos burgueses” originam-se de famílias caracterizadas por ocupações “não manuais” (embora de escalão inferior em burocracias públicas e privadas), apresentando trajetórias escolares mais qualificadas, que refletem as estratégias educacionais que caracterizam o ethos dessa fração de classe, segundo Bourdieu. Em diálogo com a literatura, o estudo busca contribuir com a temática, pouco explorada, da diversidade social existente no interior do universo dos estudantes cotistas, abordando a carreira mais seletiva (a medicina) do ensino superior brasileiro.
Social Security and High-Frequency Labor Supply: Evidence from Uber Drivers
Authors: Beatty Timothy K. M. , Weill Joakim A.
Published: September 2024

We estimate the impact of anticipated transfers on labor supply using confidential driver-level data from Uber. Leveraging the staggered timing of Social Security retirement benefits within each month and a novel identification strategy, we find that the labor supply of older drivers declines by 2% on average in the week around benefit receipt—a precisely estimated but economically small effect. Individual-level analyses reveal that the average effect obscures heterogeneous micro-behavior: while the majority of drivers does not meaningfully adjust labor supply in response to social security benefits, a small group reduces labor supply by more than 40%. The results suggest that departures from standard models of labor supply are meaningful but only for a small number of individuals.
Who is Minding the Store? Order Routing and Competition in Retail Trade Execution
Authors: Huang Xing , Jorion Philippe , Lee Jeongmin , Schwarz Christopher
Published: September 2024

Using 150,000 actual trades, we study the U.S. equity retail broker-wholesaler market, focusing on brokers’ order routing and competition among wholesalers. We document substantial and persistent dispersion in execution costs across wholesalers within brokers. Despite this, many brokers hardly change their routing and even consistently send more orders to the more expensive wholesalers, although there is considerable variation among brokers. We also document a case where, after a new wholesaler enters, existing wholesalers significantly reduce their execution costs. Overall, our findings and theoretical framework highlight the heterogeneity across brokers and are inconsistent with perfect competition in this market.
TÜRKİYE’NİN 2013-2023 KÜRESEL İNOVASYON ENDEKSİ GÖSTERGELERİNİN KIYASLAMALI İSTATİSTİKSEL ANALİZİ
Authors: Çubukcu Ahmet
Published: September 2024

Küresel İnovasyon Endeksi, ülkelerin kapsamlı inovasyon performansını analiz ederek her sene bulgularını rapor halinde kamuoyu ile paylaşmaktadır. Ülkelerin inovasyon performansı temelde iki alt gösterge ile ölçülmektedir. Bunlar İnovasyon Girdi Alt Endeksi ile İnovasyon Çıktı Alt Endeksi’dir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin Girdi ve Çıktı Alt Endeksleri arasındaki ilişkisi kanonik korelasyon analizi ile otaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. 2013-2023 yılları arasında yayınlanmış son on bir raporun verileri esas alınarak çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz ve sonuçlara göre, Bilgi ve Teknoloji Çıktıları (%100) ve Yaratıcı Çıktılar (%71.4) Türkiye’nin inovasyon skorunun oluşumunda en açıklayıcı ve etki eden faktörler olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Evaluating innovation in transdisciplinary sustainability education: TRANSECTS’international learning labs
Authors: Rosenberg Eureta , Cockburn Jessica , Reed Maureen , James Wendy , Gengelbach Jana , Walk Heike
Published: September 2024

Evaluative research can advance sustainability education through the learning it can enable, at micro and systems levels. This proposition is explored by examining evaluation practice in a 6-year international programme entitled Transdisciplinary Education Collaboration for Transformations in Sustainability involving universities and biosphere reserves/regions in Germany, South Africa and Canada. A Transdisciplinary International Learning Lab (TILL) was evaluated using a theory-based evaluation approach and interviews, focus groups and questionnaires that yielded qualitative data. Through meta-reflection, we concluded that our TILL had elements of a Field School, rather than a Learning Lab, and that our curriculum required more explicit deliberation among programme developers and implementers towards a deeper and shared understanding of pedagogical assumptions and more congruent practice of transdisciplinary and transformative sustainability education. The reflective, theory-based approach enabled learning from evaluation and was captured in a shared refinement of the theory of change, which makes it explicit that learning from pedagogical innovations is not only for students but also for academics. The paper is an invitation to other innovators in sustainability science, education and evaluation in higher education, to share related findings.
A Promoção da Transparência Como Estratégia de Afirmação no Mercado das Notícias: Uma Análise aos Projetos de Jornalismo Empreendedor
Authors: Bonixe Luís
Published: September 2024

A promoção da transparência é vista como um dos mecanismos para gerar confiança no trabalho dos jornalistas e, por essa via, fortalecer as democracias. O princípio é o de que tornar públicas as informações sobre a propriedade dos meios de comunicação jornalísticos, o seu financiamento e os critérios gerais que suportam as suas decisões editoriais contribui para o conhecimento sobre o lado menos visível da produção jornalística e, assim, credibilizar o jornalismo, identificando eventuais pontos de conflito. Nos últimos anos, o desenvolvimento tecnológico, em particular com o aumento das potencialidades da internet, a par da crise dos modelos de negócio do jornalismo, que coloca em causa modelos tradicionais de financiamento, tem motivado o aparecimento de projetos jornalísticos empreendedores que se afirmam como alternativos e independentes. Estes projetos procuram distanciar-se do jornalismo tradicional no que diz respeito à sua estrutura, modelos de financiamento e de propriedade e encontram na promoção da transparência uma estratégia que os distingue dos média tradicionais. O presente artigo pretende identificar e estudar as práticas de promoção da transparência destes projetos jornalísticos, relacionando-as com uma estratégia de afirmação no mercado das notícias.
Curcumin ameliorates ischemic stroke injury by downregulating GMFB expression: An in vitro study
Authors: Bai Xiumei , Song Yabin , Zhang Xiangyan , Liu Liqiong , Wu Haixia , Feng Jiaqing , Wu Lihong , Liu Huizhen , Zhou Diangui
Published: September 2024

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a cerebrovascular sickness, and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage often occurs, but there is still a lack of drugs that can significantly alleviate it. Curcumin (Cur) exerts pharmacological effects such as antioxidative stress, anti-inflammation, and the promotion of apoptosis through regulating various pathways, but its efficacy and specific mechanism of action in IS have not been fully clarified. The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of Cur on IS. Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were used to create an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model to simulate I/R damage. The cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay. The LDH level and ROS positive rate were measured using commercial kits. The cell invasion was examined using a transwell assay. The apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The contents of GMFB, Bax, and Bcl2 were measured using western blot. We confirmed that in the OGD/R-induced IS cell model, the abundance of GMFB was enhanced in the OGD/R group versus the control group. GMFB overexpression promoted OGD/R-induced cell viability diminution, increased LDH and ROS levels, lessened cell invasion ability, enhanced cell apoptosis, enhanced Bax levels, and decreased Bcl2 levels. Silencing GMFB ameliorated OGD/R-induced cell damage. Cur ameliorated OGD/R-induced cell damage. Cur curbed OGD/R-induced cell damage by downregulating GMFB expression. In conclusion, Cur cured ischemic stroke-induced cell damage by downregulating GMFB expression.
Tuberculosis mimetizando cáncer de colon metastásico: revisión de la literatura a propósito de un caso
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Romero-Moreno Katherine , Cardenas-Velasquez Andres Felipe ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: September 2024

Introducción: la infección por tuberculosis (TB) es una de las grandes simuladoras ya que, aunque su sitio primario es el pulmón, puede afectar cualquier órgano y tener manifestaciones variadas. La TB intestinal, representa aproximadamente 3 – 5% de la TB extrapulmonar y puede presentarse como cualquier afección gastrointestinal con síntomas inespecíficos, de ahí la importancia de siempre sospecharla en regiones endémicas para la infección, como en Colombia; los principales diagnósticos diferenciales son las enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales, otras enfermedades infecciosas y neoplasias. Objetivos: describir, mediante un caso clínico, cómo la tuberculosis puede simular otras enfermedades como el cáncer. Métodos: se presenta el caso de un paciente con dolor abdominal progresivo, pérdida de peso y cambios en el hábito intestinal. Tomografía de abdomen con engrosamiento ileocecal e imágenes pulmonares sugestivas de compromiso infeccioso vs metastásico; se sospechó neoplasia colónica avanzada. Las biopsias pulmonares, pleura e íleon tuvieron resultados positivos para Mycobacterium tuberculosis, y descartaron malignidad. Se inició terapia antituberculosa con buena evolución inicial, pero paciente falleció dos meses después por complicaciones respiratorias. Conclusiones: en países con alta prevalencia de TB, siempre se debe considerar como diagnóstico diferencial ante manifestaciones gastrointestinales inespecíficas o cuándo otros estudios no son concluyentes.
ELE ante el reto digital: desafíos, prácticas y propuestas innovadoras
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Zuluaga Molina Juan Felipe , Zapata Prieto Bibiana María ,   Universidad de La Sabana
Published: September 2024

Introducción al dossier del 7.° Encuentro Internacional de Español como Lengua Extranjera, organizado por la Asociación Colombiana de Universidades - ASCUN, llevado a cabo a distancia los días 11 y 12 de agosto de 2021.
The Role of Graphene and BiodentineTM on Proliferation and Odontoblastic Differentiation of Pulp Stem Cells
Authors: Çelikel Periş , Şimşek Derelioğlu Sera , Şengül Fatih , Okkay Ufuk
Published: September 2024

Objective: The need for new biomaterials with biocompatibility, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties continues in regenerative endodontic clinical applications in dentistry. Biodentine™ is successfully used in vital pulp therapies and has regenerative effects. Additionally, graphene, which possesses good physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties, promotes cellular biomineralization and osteogenic differentiation in dentistry, along with its neuroregenerative effect. This study aims to investigate the effects of graphene and Biodentine™ on cell proliferation, oxidative stress, and odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).
Methods: Cryopreserved hDPSCs purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) were used in our study (Cat No: PT-5025). hDPSCs were seeded into the E-plate wells and subsequently four different doses of graphene (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 µg/ml) and Biodentine™ (2, 4, 8 and 16 µg/ml) were added. Results of MTT, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) tests were obtained at the end of the 24th hr. 96 hr-real time cell index data were collected with xCELLigence® system. Resulting data were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results: 12.5 µg/ml graphene and 2 µg/ml Biodentine™ were found to be the subgroups with the highest levels of cell proliferation and the lowest oxidative stress. Antioxidative effect was determined in all Biodentine™ doses but only in 12.5 µg/ml graphene. Odontogenic differentiation was observed in all doses of graphene and Biodentine™.
Conclusion: 12.5 µg/ml graphene and 2 µg/ml Biodentine™ were observed to have positive impacts on the proliferation, oxidative stress and odontogenic differentiations of hDPSCs.
Keywords: Cell proliferation. Graphene. Oxidative stress. Odontogenic differentiation. Tricalcium silicate
UTILIZING MACHINE TRANSLATION TECHNOLOGY FOR REPRODUCING SHORT PROSE LITERARY TEXTS
Authors:   N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Sarhsian Evelina Levonivna , Zinchenko Olha Andriivna ,   N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2024

Machine translation systems permeate all spheres of human activity, including the field of literary translation. Scholars note that machine translation holds significant potential for development and is less labor-intensive compared to the work of human translators. Consequently, there is a need to analyze common errors in machine translation to help avoid them in the future as neural machine translation systems continue to evolve. This article examines and analyzes the quality of a Ukrainian translation of the Spanish short story “Amigos” by Argentine writer Julio Cortázar, performed by the machine translation system DeepL. The translated text was compared with the official Ukrainian translation done by a human translator. The translated text was analyzed for errors, and the types of errors made by the DeepL system were identified. Additionally, the number of errors was counted. The study employed methods of analysis, synthesis, and comparison of the original and translated texts. Considering the number and significance of the errors in terms of their impact on the essence of the text within narrow and broad contexts, we concluded that the quality of the story’s translation is relatively high. It was determined that using machine translation for translating literary works, particularly short prose, is potentially feasible and effective, provided that the translated text is subsequently edited by a human translator. To improve the quality of machine translation of literary texts, recommendations were developed to enhance the performance of the DeepL machine translation system.
WAR IN UKRAINE THROUGH THE EYES OF THE FOREIGN PRESS
Authors:   Military Academy, Odessa, Ukraine, Varlamova Alla Oleksiіvna
Published: September 2024

This article is devoted to English-language media publications written during the war between Ukraine with the terrorist country Russia. The article used materials from well-known English-language newspapers and Internet resources, such as The Economist, The Times, BBC News, The Sun, Voice of America, The New York Times Magazine, The Guardian, Le Monde and many others. This paper examines syntactic, morphological, lexical and a variety of stylistic features of newspaper articles and wartime headlines, such as passive constructions, ellipsis, impersonal sentences, metonymy, epithet, metaphor, and comparison. How did the authors’ style and the linguistic means they use change? How did the war affect the expressiveness, emotionality, richness of the newspaper style vocabulary? Foreign journalists also often use words that appeared in Ukraine during the war as neologisms. For example, the name of the city of Bucha became a symbol of cruelty, violence and atrocities of Russian soldiers. We can meet such words as orcs, denazification, rashism, Bayraktar, “As I read about Irpin, about Bucha, about Trostyanets, of the bodies crushed by tanks, of the bicyclists shot on the street, of the desecrated corpses, there it was, “rashism” again and again, in comments sections, in social media, even in the official pronouncements of the Ukrainian state.” zombification and many others. What responses do they evoke in the reader’s soul? (From The Times Magazine).
A csődelőrejelző modellek vizsgálata az újonnan alapított vállalkozások esetében
Authors: Patyi Balázs , Kovács Péter Tamás
Published: September 2024

A tanulmányunk az újonnan alapított vállalkozások és a csődmodellek témakörével foglalkozik. Az új vállalkozások számos nehézséggel néznek szembe az alapítás során, melynek következtében nagy arányú a megszűnésük. Ezért is lényeges a megelőzés, amelyben kulcsszerepe van az elemzésnek. Kutatásunk alapvető célja, hogy egy adatbázis kiépítésével megvizsgáljuk, hogy az újonnan alapított vállalkozások képesek-e alkalmazni a csődelőrejelző modelleket. Összesen három célt tűztünk ki: 1. Megvizsgálni a megszűnt vállalkozások esetében, hogy a csődmodellek milyen mértékben alkalmazhatók az újonnan alapított vállalkozások estében. Itt megállapítottuk, hogy nem alkalmazhatók egységesen és négy modell alkalmazható a leginkább. 2. A csődmodellek vizsgálata a kialakított időtávok szerint. Itt feltártuk a kapcsolatot az időhorizont és a csődmodellek között, rövid távon nagyobb a megbízhatóságuk. 3. A csődmodellek vizsgálata az eltérő elhelyezkedése és az abból is adódó regionális különbségek alapján. Megállapítottuk, hogy a fejlett térségben a legtöbb modell pontosabb előrejelzéssel rendelkezik, valamint egyes modelleknél regionális különbségek hatása is tetten érhető.
A háztartások élelmiszer-hulladék kezelésének és a tervezett viselkedés elméletének keresztmetszete a szakirodalomban
Authors: Nagy Andrea Magda , Darida Zsuzsa , Konka Boglárka
Published: September 2024

Az élelmiszer-hulladék kezelése a hulladékgazdálkodáson belül jelentős sze-repet tölt be. A szakirodalomban a tervezett viselkedés elmélete (Theory of Planned Behaviour, TPB) alkalmas a háztartások viselkedésének, szándékának, attitűdjének, illetve motivációinak a feltérképezésére. Emiatt a fentebbi modell kulcsfontosságú az élelmiszerhez köthető magatartás megértéséhez. Jelen tanulmányunkban, bibliometriai eszközök segítségével, a Web of Science adatbázis alapján vizsgáljuk 30 nemzetközi publikáció főbb eredményeit, következtetéseit. Megnézzük, hogy milyen szempontok alapján, milyen csoportokon belül elemezték a megjelölt témát, illetve a modell mely tényezői befolyásolják leginkább a háztartások, egyének élelmiszerkezeléshez kapcsolódó magatartását.
Biosensing platforms for DNA diagnostics based on CRISPR/Cas nucleases: towards the detection of nucleic acids at the level of single molecules in non-laboratory settings
Authors: Khmeleva S.A. , Ptitsyn K.G. , Kurbatov L.K. , Timoshenko O.S. , Suprun E.V. , Radko S.P. , Lisitsa A.V.
Published: September 2024

The use of CRISPR/Cas nucleases for the development of DNA diagnostic systems in out-of-laboratory conditions (point-of-need testing, PONT) has demonstrated rapid growth in the last few years, starting with the appearance in 2017–2018 of the first diagnostic platforms known as DETECTR and SHERLOCK. The platforms are based on a combination of methods of nucleic acid isothermal amplification with selective CRISPR/Cas detection of target amplicons. This significantly improves the sensitivity and specificity of PONT, making them comparable with or even superior to the sensitivity and specificity of polymerase chain reaction, considered as the “gold standard” of DNA diagnostics. The review considers modern approaches to the coupling of CRISPR/Cas detection using Cas9, Cas12a, Cas12b, Cas13a, Cas14, and Cas3 nucleases to various methods of nucleic acid isothermal amplification, with an emphasis on works in which sensitivity at the level of single molecules (attomolar and subattomolar concentrations of the target) is achieved. The properties of CRISPR/Cas nucleases used for targeted DNA diagnostics and the features of methods of nucleic acid isothermal amplification are briefly considered in the context of the development of diagnostic biosensing platforms. Special attention is paid to the most promising directions for the development of DNA diagnostics using CRISPR/Cas nuclease.
Clinical metabolomics: current state and prospects in Russia
Authors: Lokhov P.G. , Balashova E.E. , Trifonova O.P. , Maslov D.L. , Lokhov A.P. , Ponomarenko E.A. , Lisitsa A.V. , Ugrumov M.V. , Stilidi I.S. , Kushlinskii N.E. , Nikityuk D.B. , Tutelyan V.A. , Shestakova M.V. , Dedov I.I. , Archakov A.I.
Published: September 2024

Using analytical technologies it is possible now to measure the entire diversity of molecules even in a small amount of biological samples. Metabolomic technologies simultaneously analyze thousands of low-molecular substances in a single drop of blood. Such analytical performance opens new possibilities for clinical laboratory diagnostics, still relying on the measurement of only a limited number of clinically significant substances. However, there are objective difficulties hampering introduction of metabolomics into clinical practice. The Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), consolidating the efforts of leading scientific and medical organizations, has achieved success in this area by developing a clinical blood metabogram (CBM). CBM opens opportunities to obtain overview on the state of the body with the detailed individual metabolic characteristics of the patient. A number of scientific studies have shown that the CBM is an effective tool for monitoring the state of the body, and based on the CBM patterns (signatures), it is possible to diagnose and monitor the treatment of many diseases. Today, the CBM creation determines the current state and prospects of clinical metabolomics in Russia. This article, dedicated to the 80th anniversary of IBMC, is a review of these achievements focused on a discussion of their implementation in clinical practice.
Knowledge on antibiotic use and antibiotic dispensing practices in pharmacies in Bengaluru city
Authors: Yuktha K B , Munavar K Syed Ali , Sarmah Pooja
Published: September 2024

Community pharmacists are pivotal in healthcare by dispensing medications and providing health education. However, the misuse of antibiotics, contributing to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), is a major global health threat.

: This study aims to find the discrepancies in sale on antibiotics and asses the knowledge of the dispensers.

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from June to December 2023. Data were collected from 50 people dispensing at community pharmacies in Bengaluru using a pre-validated questionnaire. The questionnaire included of 11 knowledge-based and 11 practice-based.

The study included 50 pharmacists: 17 registered (58.8% B. Pharm, 41.2% D. Pharm) and 33 non-pharmacists (12-B.Sc, 5-12 Pass, 5-B.Com, 4-BA, 2-Diploma in Health education, 2-BAMS Graduate, 2-10 Pass, 1-MBBS). 64% unaware of multi-drug resistant bacteria.28% thought antibiotics could be used for diabetes or hypertension. Around 80% incorrectly identified the use of antibiotics for fever, body ache, cold, and cough.26%dispensed antibiotics without prescriptions, mainly non-pharmacists. Common antibiotics dispensed included Amoxicillin (44%).

The study revealed critical deficiencies in knowledge and practice among people dispensing at community pharmacies in Bengaluru. There is an urgent need for comprehensive educational initiatives and updated regulatory guidelines to improve antibiotic use and combat AMR.
Pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in clinical isolates from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Mahajan Rakesh Kumar , Sharma Shiwangi , Sachan Supriya , Chhakchhuak Zobiakhlui , Dhawan Aayushi
Published: September 2024

Methicillin-resistant  (MRSA) is one of the leading causes of hospital acquired infections and is commonly associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

  This study was undertaken to understand the prevalence, recent pattern of antibiotic susceptibility of MRSA in clinical isolates from patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Northern India.

  The 460 coagulase positive Staphylococcal isolates were obtained from various samples from 460 patients attending different OPDs and also from patients admitted in IPDs and ICUs from January 2023 to June 2023. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed from the isolates and interpreted as per standard CLSI guidelines. MRSA isolates were identified by cefoxitin (30μg) disk testing, E-test and by VITEK 2 system.

 A total of 140 (30.43%) were found to be methicillin resistant. Out of 140 MRSA isolates, 109 (77.85%) were MDRSA (Multi drug resistant ). 10 (7.14%) isolates were also resistant to Vancomycin and 5(3.57%) of the MRSA isolates were also resistant to linezolid.

The overall prevalence of MRSA during the study period was 30.43%. Prevalence of MRSA isolates was found to be significantly higher among isolates from indoor patients (57.1%) than OPD (31.4%) and ICU patients (12.8%). Antibiotic policies based on continuous surveillance of antibiotic resistance profiles of local strains is one of the most effective intervention to prevent MRSA infections.
Evaluation of phenotypic carbapenem inactivation methods among carbapenem resistant gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture specimens and their synergy testing
Authors: Raveendran Sreejith , Rajshekar Deepashree , Sujatha S R  , Karthik M V S Krishna
Published: September 2024

: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are a significant public health threat due to their resistance to antibiotics, leading to serious infections, increased healthcare expenses, and higher mortality rates. Accurate identification of CRE is essential for effective treatment and infection control. Phenotypic methods like the modified Carbapenemase Inactivation Method (mCIM) and the EDTA-Carbapenem Inactivation Method (eCIM) are practical approaches for identifying production carbapenemase. As a result, the current study aims to analyse the efficacy of phenotypic carbapenem inactivation approaches in detecting carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture specimens, as well as the synergy of ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam in treating such infections.

This laboratory based prospective study was adopted to evaluate the efficacy of phenotypic carbapenem inactivation methods in detecting carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture specimens and assess the synergy of ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam in treating these infections.

: Gram-negative bacteria isolated from positive blood cultures were evaluated for carbapenemase activity using mCIM and eCIM, respectively. Synergy testing was conducted using ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam to evaluate potential therapeutic benefits.

Among 383 blood cultures, 153 (39.94%) were MDROs, predominantly (57.5%). Of these, 123 (81%) were carbapenem-resistant. The mCIM and eCIM tests identified 67 (54%) serine carbapenemase and 54 (45.5%) metallo beta-lactamases. Synergy testing with ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam showed positive results in 43 (68.25%) of the 63 CZA-resistant isolates.

: The study confirms that mCIM and eCIM tests effectively detect carbapenemase production in blood culture isolates, identifying 54% serine carbapenemases and 45.5% metallo beta-lactamases. Additionally, synergy testing with ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam demonstrated a 68.25% success rate in CZA-resistant isolates, indicating a promising treatment option for these resistant infections.
The application and assessment of bacterial isolates for textile dye decolorization
Authors: Lazer Bernaitis , Arun K S  , Mathew Bibin K , Chandran Prejish , Jomol P J  , Vijayan Anakha
Published: September 2024

: In the present study has been carried out to find the suitable bio degradation measures of textile dye by using biological agents. The wastewater containing dye was obtained from a textile factory situated in Thiruvananthapuram.

: The study focused on three specific types of dyes: direct black, direct blue, and direct orange. Based on Microscopic, Macroscopic, Biochemical, Hydrolysis tests and selective plating upon comparing with Bergy’s Manual (9edition) the selected organism were identified as, sp, sp and sp. The isolates were then tested for their ability to degrade the dyes.

In this study it was identified that sp possessed the higher dye degrading ability. This specific isolate is then carried out for 16SrRNA sequencing analysis and it was confirmed that the highest degraded organism (AZ2) was strain JW-22. The toxicity of the textile dyes determined using seed germination.

: The isolated bacteria demonstrate the capability to remove color from commonly used textile dyes. In the future, these bacterial strains could serve as effective tools for bioremediation in treating various textile effluents, transforming toxic dyes into harmless, colorless products. The treated effluents could then be recycled for use within the textile industry.