bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Women and Wasta: The Use of Focus Groups for Understanding Social Capital and Middle Eastern Women
Authors: Bailey Deborah
Published: March 2021

Social capital is the use of informal networking to secure access to resources and opportunities. Often identified as an asset for offsetting deficiencies in societies, research on the phenomena is limited. This paper describes a qualitative study using focus groups with young adult Emeriti women representing three social-economic groups who were interviewed by the author in order to explore the topic of social capital, specifically a form of social capital defined by the Arabic term “wasta”. The women discussed their experiences of how wasta persists regardless of social and religious laws forbidding its practice and how they might use it in their own futures. The focus groups had notable differences in their perceptions of wasta, but as women, they did not see themselves as having access to this form of social capital. The study findings indicate that for these participants wasta is perceived as a cultural paradox that intersects with gender and class as a social construction that reinforces patriarchal and class privilege.
Keeping Focus Isn’t Easy: A Review of Refocusing Focus Groups: A Practical Guide
Authors: Sallet LaTonja
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this review is to examine the salient aspects of the book Refocusing Focus Groups: A Practical Guide by Robert J. Morais (2010). This review will consider some of the strengths and weaknesses of focus groups as well as explain whether or not the author effectively achieved his goal of providing a tool that can be used by veterans and novices of qualitative research. Additionally, this review will further describe, analyze, and explore the book as well as what other researchers have shared about focus groups by comparing my experience with reading the book and how I was affected by what I read with how I might employ some of the skills highlighted by the author.
The Constant Comparative Analysis Method Outside of Grounded Theory
Authors: Fram Sheila
Published: March 2021

This commentary addresses the gap in the literature regarding discussion of the legitimate use of Constant Comparative Analysis Method (CCA) outside of Grounded Theory. The purpose is to show the strength of using CCA to maintain the emic perspective and how theoretical frameworks can maintain the etic perspective throughout the analysis. My naturalistic inquiry model shows how conceptual frameworks and theoretical frameworks can be integrated when using the CCA method.
Multi-Dimensional Effect of Oil Pricing On Pakistan Economy: A Case of Study
Authors:   ILMA University, Karachi, Arafeen Qamar Ul
Published: March 2021

Pakistan economy is growing steadily. This growth demands higher energy consumption and consequently putting high pressure on countries economy. Pakistan mainly depends upon oil and gas resources to fulfill energy requirements. Indigenous resources of Oil are not enough to quench energy thirst of the growing economy. As a result Pakistan has to import large quantity of oil and oil based products from Middle East countries. Gas reserves in the country are enough for current gas requirements. So natural gas is playing a key role in power sector. Currently in oil upstream and downstream sector there are some local and international companies involved and government of Pakistan is establishing such policies that it can attract more international investors in this sector but the rapid pace of change, high degree of uncertainty and unstable political situation of the country present significant challenges and risk to foreign investment. The paper is a review of possible consequences and challenges presented by high oil prices in Pakistan. Pakistan is heavily dependent on imported fuels and this dependence is expected to increase even further in future given the depleting gas resources. The rising oil prices in the international market has had affected negatively balance of payment position as well as on the budgetary position of the country and contributed in creating inflationary pressures in the economy. For long run development oil will remain an important source of energy. The government should chalk out strategies for ensuring efficiency in use; and development, adequacy and reliability of supply and the pricing of petroleum products in such a way that will not create extra burden on the consumers. Unless appropriate steps are taken this trend of rising oil prices will further aggravate the negative impacts on the economy.
A Note on Probability Convergence Defined by Unbounded Modulus Function and $alphabeta$-Statistical Convergence
Authors: SOM SUMIT
Published: March 2021

In this paper we deﬁne f − αβ-statistical convergence of order γ in probability and f − αβ-strong p-Ces`aro summability of order γ in probability for a sequence of random variables under unbounded modulus function and examine the relation between these two concepts. We show by an example that this notion of f − αβ-statistical convergence of order γ in probability is stronger than αβ-statistical convergence of order γ in probability.
The Voters Behavior Towards Women Candidates in the 2019 Legislative Election in North Luwu Regency
Authors: Ananda Rezky Wibowo
Published: March 2021

The results showed that the absence of female candidates who passed the legislative body in North Luwu Regency showed that the implementation of the policy affirmative action of the 30 percent quota of women's representation was not optimal, even though voter behavior was no longer significant in questioning gender issues in politics. This is due to the dominance of male political elites which still have a big influence because the voting community still sees the existence of these political elites. In addition, it is due to the failure of political parties to regenerate and build political commitment to women. Although in the 2014-2019 period there were two female representatives in the legislative body of North Luwu Regency, in the 2019-2023 elections they were not re-elected because they no longer had a network of power and kinship. The most crucial factor is that money politics is still a compromise tool in the electoral process, political actors play a role in money politics, so this makes no female candidates elected because of their inability to compete with the flow of money politics even though they have incurred political costs. which is not the least. Voters will choose a certain candidate if he feels there is a reciprocal that will be accepted as well as political candidates who are afraid of losing their votes, this irrational act (playing money politics) becomes the last resort.
Left Ventricular Geometry and Function in Normotensive and Hypertensive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus without Overt Cardiac Symptoms
Authors: Amusa GA , Uguru SU , Awokola BI
Published: March 2021

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common cause of morbidity/mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Echocardiography can detect changes in cardiac geometry/function before overt CVD symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate left ventricular (LV) geometry and function in normotensive/hypertensive patients with T2DM without overt cardiac symptoms. A cross-sectional study in which fifty normotensives and fifty hypertensive adults with DM without overt cardiac symptoms were enrolled from the cardiology/diabetes clinics of Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) in a simple random manner. Relevant history, physical examination and biochemical investigations were performed. 12-lead electrocardiography and echocardiograph assessment of LV geometry and function were also performed. Data was analyzed using Epi-info 7 statistical software; p value < 0.05 was considered significant. There were 27 females and 29 females in both groups. The prevalence of abnormal LV geometry was 36.0%, 95% CI 33.2-38.8% and 58.0%, 95% CI 55.2-60.8% in the normotensive and hypertensive groups respectively, P=0.028. Similarly, the prevalence of LV dysfunction was 38.0%, 95%CI 35.2-40.8% and 62.0%, 95%CI 59.2-64.8% respectively, P=0.017. The independent predictors of LV dysfunction were found to be duration of diabetes (OR 7.74, 95%CI 4.46-10.46), duration of hypertension ≥5years (OR 4.15, 95%CI 4.01-9.27), smoking (OR 4.34, 95%CI 1.32-6.23), body mass index ≥25 (OR 5.53, 95%CI 1.38-2.09) and glycosylated haemoglobin ≥7 (OR 7.11, 95%CI 2.15-0.81).  There is high prevalence of LV dysfunction/abnormal LV geometry in T2DM patients without overt cardiac symptoms; co-morbid hypertension worsens these abnormalities. Early and periodic echocardiography is recommended with appropriate intervention in these patients.
Psikolojik Sermayenin Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkisinde İş-Yaşam Dengesinin Aracılık Rolü: Bir Araştırma
Authors: AKKUŞ Durmuş Bilge , NAJIMUDINOVA Seyil , GÜL Hasan
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı psikolojik sermayenin örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkisinde iş-yaşam dengesinin aracılık rolünü üniversite çalışanları örnekleminde incelemektir. Literatürde söz konusu değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri ele alan sınırlı sayıda çalışmanın ortaya konulduğu görülmektedir. Bu noktada, daha önce ilgili alanda yapılmış çalışmalara destek olması ve sonrasında yapılacak çalışmalara katkı sağlanması amacıyla, üniversitede çalışmakta olan 411 akademik ve idari personel üzerinde anket uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya konu olan üç değişkenin her biri için kontrol değişkenleri aracılığıyla farklılık analizleri gerçekleştirilmiş olup, çalışanların demografik özelliklerine göre birtakım farklılıklar olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda psikolojik sermayenin örgütsel bağlılık ve iş-yaşam dengesi üzerinde ve iş-yaşam dengesinin de örgütsel bağlılık üzerinde olumlu etkisinin olduğu ayrıca psikolojik sermayenin örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkisinde iş-yaşam dengesinin kısmi aracılık rolünün bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Uygulanan bootstrap ve Sobel testi sonuçları da iş-yaşam dengesinin kısmi aracılık rolünün anlamlı olduğunu göstermiştir.
Letter- Writing as a Means of Escape in Alice Walker's the Color Purple
Authors:   Asst. Instructor: Directorate General of Education in the Holy Kerbela, the Superiors Preperatory School, Hamdan Majid Masad
Published: March 2021

Escapism might be considered a life defense mechanism without which you might be burnt out faster by the stresses of everyday life. It helps the individual and even communities gain respite or achieve self- reorganization after social, sociological or psychological tensions. Letter- writing is one of its effective implements. It helps obtain a kind of personal relationship and deals with it faithfully and portrays the inner life as it is. The present study tends to explore the theme of escape represented by letter- writing in Alice Walker's. The Color Purple. It aims to demonstrate that Walker tries her best to give the heroine and her sister a chance to address God and each other directly and truly escaping from loneliness and weakness, as well as seeking for consolation and identity. Such a means is considered the only outlet for Celie, and ultimately her sister, who suffers self and familial banishment, psychological repression and sexual suppression. Her suffering is the result of an oppressive and sexually- agitated stepfather who brutalizes, rapes and impregnates her twice at an early stage of her life.
“Karantén tanulságok : Hogyan alakítja át a felgyorsuló digitális forradalom gazdaságainkat”
Authors: Géró Imre , Polacsik Gabriella
Published: March 2021

Ebben a tanulmányban a COVID-19 új koronavírus legfőbb hatásait vizsgáljuk. A világ vezető közgazdászainak egybehangzó véleménye alapján a gazdasági fejlődés két fő hajtó erejét a globalizáció és az információs és kommunikációs technológiák forradalmi változásai alkotják. Ezen belül is arra keressük a választ, hogy mit okozott a karantén, a felgyorsult digitalizáció, és hogyan befolyásolta a mindennapi életünket, és az egész gazdaságot. Mivel ez a vírus cseppfertőzéssel terjed és nincs ellene jelenleg sem hatékony ismert gyógymód vagy megelőző védőoltás ezért a védekezés fő alappillérei a szociális távolságtartás, kijárási korlátozás, aminek következtében az emberek többsége kényszerűségből – hatósági előírás következtében – otthonában karanténba került. Ezek az intézkedések jelentősen érintették a gazdaság szereplőit és további lendületet adtak az internet nyújtotta digitális forradalmi változásoknak a világ valamennyi országában a gazdaságok tekintetében.
Optimization Of Image Processing Techniques In Developing Of Smart Parking System
Authors: Alit Prasetyo Bagus , Purno Wahyu Ari , Suhendri Suhendri
Published: March 2021

A parking system is currently a necessity and a common facility found in the campus area of buildings and shops, the management and supervision of this parking lot generally uses third party assistance both in terms of technology and facilities used. At first the parking lot system was still conventional based by using guards in front of the gate and manually recording the entry and exit of the vehicle, a more sophisticated technology was using a camera that was combined with ticketing assistance, officers would check with photos when the car entered and left and strengthened with the use parking tickets, the two technologies have been implemented in many places, the weakness of the system is that there is a need for more than one operator to record and criminal acts will be difficult to detect if a type of vehicle of the same color is stolen because the data from the photos are indistinguishable, To solve this problem, a parking system was created with the help of image processing techniques by recording different types of vehicles even though they were of the same type and color, this system worked using computer vision algorithm rocks with a combination of OCR a Algorithm and surf algorithm, these two algorithms will help record vehicle number-plates while the surf algorithm will record the unique characteristics of the vehicle object in detail so that it will not be change
Penerapan Advance Encryption Standart dalam Pengamanan Elektronik Voting
Authors: Ungkawa Uung , Rosmala Dewi , Fauzi Helmy
Published: March 2021

E-Voting is an election that uses information technology facilities as well as electronic devices where part or all of the process is done digitally. The electoral process by means of E-voting can help the counting process faster and costs less than the conventional electoral process. However, this electronic-based election is prone to manipulation, therefore it requires protection of the system. In this study, AES and CSRF algorithms were implemented to increase security in the E-Voting application. The election is limited to the election of the executive mayor / regent. This study uses Acunetix software to test the level of security. In testing, four versions of the website were made, namely: the website without AES and CSRF, the website only with AES, the website only CSRF and the website using AES and CSRF. The test results on the website with AES and CSRF show a satisfactory increase in security, only one medium level application vulnerability warning and two low level application vulnerability warnings. Test results with Acunetix on websites without AES and CSRF received seven medium warnings and eleven low warnings. The CSRF test results only get two low warnings but the number of data scans is only a few. The AES test results only get four medium warnings and one warning. Thus, the application of the AES algorithm can increase the level of security of the E-Voting system
Intervensi Mindfulness dalam Meningkatkan Perhatian Selektif Murid di Sekolah Rendah
Authors: Li Xien Raymond Teh , Mydin Kutty Faridah
Published: March 2021

Murid-murid yang menghadapi masalah menumpukan perhatian akan menjejaskan pencapaian akademik mereka di dalam kelas. Intervensi mindfulness berupaya sebagai penyelesaian yang alternatif untuk meningkatkan kemahiran perhatian mereka terutamanya perhatian selektif mereka. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menguji keberkesanan intervensi mindfulness dalam kalangan murid sekolah rendah dalam meningkatkan kemahiran selektif murid dengan reka bentuk kajian eksperimental. Kajian ini melibatkan 22 orang murid tahun 6 di sekolah rendah dengan membahagikan mereka kepada kumpulan rawatan dan kumpulan kawalan. Perhatian selektif responden sebelum dan selepas intervensi diukur dengan menggunakan perisian komputer iaitu ujian Stroop dan ujian pencarian visual conjunction (CVS). Data kajian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan inferensi untuk melihat keberkesanan intervensi mindfulness terhadap perhatian selektif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kedua-dua instrumen perhatian pada kumpulan rawatan pada masa tindak balas iaitu (F=17.631, p<.05) pada ujian Stroop dan (F=4.98,p<.05)pada ujian CVS. Dapatan kajian ini dapat memberi implikasi kepada guru-guru atau ibu bapa untuk membantu murid-murid sekolah rendah yang bermasalah pembelajaran yang berpunca daripada kekurangan perhatian selektif.
Kesan Kaedah Pembelajaran Berasaskan Multiple Document-Based Lessons Terhadap Pengekalan Penguasaan Kemahiran Pemikiran Sejarah dalam kalangan Murid Tingkatan Satu
Authors: Kaviza M.
Published: March 2021

Kajian eksperimen dengan reka bentuk faktorial 3 X 3 ini bertujuan mengkaji kesan kaedah pembelajaran berasaskan Multiple Document-Based Lessons terhadap pengekalan penguasaan kemahiran pemikiran sejarah dalam kalangan murid. Seramai 102 orang murid Tingkatan Satu melalui teknik persampelan berkelompok terlibat dalam kajian ini. Instrumen kajian ini merupakan ujian kemahiran pemikiran sejarah yang telah dibina oleh pengkaji yang telah disahkan oleh pakar-pakar penilai serta mempunyai nilai kebolehpercayaan yang baik. Data kuantitatif dalam kajian ini telah dianalisis secara statistic deskriptif dan statistic inferensi iaitu melalui ujian SPANOVA dengan menggunakan perisian IBM SPSS versi 24. Dapatan kajian ini telah menunjukkan bahawa kaedah pembelajaran berasaskan Multiple Document-based Lessons adalah lebih berkesan berbanding dengan kaedah pembelajaran berasaskan Document-based Lessons dan kaedah pengajaran konvensional terhadap pengekalan penguasaan kemahiran pemikiran sejarah dalam kalangan murid. Implikasi kajian ini telah menyediakan sumber maklumat kepada para guru sejarah bahawa kaedah pembelajaran berasaskan Multiple Document-Based Lessons telah dibuktikan adalah lebih berpotensi dilaksanakan dalam pendidikan Sejarah selaras dengan inovasi dalam kaedah pengajaran sejarah sedia ada.
GÜNÜMÜZ SANATINDA DEĞİŞEN GALERİ ORTAMI BAĞLAMINDA MEKAN-DOĞA ETKİLEŞİMİ
Authors: ERTUĞRUL TOMSUK Esra , YÜCEL Banu
Published: March 2021

Sanat, ilkel dönemden günümüze kadarki zaman dilimi içinde toplumsal olaylardan da etkilenerek sürekli bir değişim içindedir. Sanatla birlikte, sanatın sergileme biçimleri de aynı doğrultuda değişmiştir.

Galeri mekânının geleneksel sergileme biçimleri, piyasayla kurduğu ilişki, dayatmacı estetik kuralları ve mükemmelliyetçi duvarları postmodernizm ile eleştirilen ve sanatçılar tarafından dönüştürülen bir mekân haline gelmiştir.

1960’larda sanat alanında yaşanan bu tepkisel kırılmaların sonucunda ortaya çıkan Arazi Sanatı bu anlayışın bir simgesi haline gelmiştir. Sanatçılar galeri mekânlarından uzaklaşarak atölyelerini doğaya taşıyarak geniş arazi parçalarını, zaman zaman da doğada bulunan malzemelerle galeri mekânını düzenlemişlerdir.

Bu süreçte doğa-sanat-mekân iç içe geçmiş, geçirdiği evrimleşme süreci ile beyaz küp yeni bir mecraya dönüşmüştür. Günümüzde gerçekleştirilen mekânın duvarlarını iten ve mekândan taşan ve doğa güçleri ile ortak çalışarak, meydan okuyan işler ile sanatçılar; sanatın neliği, bir sanat sergisinin ne olabileceği ve bir sanat kurumunun ne kadar ileri gitmeye hazır olduğu gibi sorulara dair sınırları zorlayan cevaplar aramışlardır.

Bu çalışmada; sanat, tarihsel süreçte galeri mekânının değişimi ve sanat kurumları ile sanatçı ilişkisi irdelenmiş, geleneksel galeri algısıyla bir hesaplaşmaya giren sanatçıların süreç içerisindeki sınırları zorlayan eylemleri güncel işler üzerinden örneklenmiştir.
The Effects of Emotional Intelligence and Parenting Styles on Self-Esteem in a Sample of Respondents in Nigeria
Authors: Fakunmoju Sunday , Bammeke Funmi , Maphosa Ntandoyenkosi
Published: March 2021

Studies consistently suggest that emotional intelligence and parenting styles are associated with self-esteem, although validation has relatively been based on correlation analysis. Using a sample of 252 respondents in Nigeria, the present study examined the relationships among parenting styles, emotional intelligence, and self-esteem with the aim of generating knowledge that transcends the nature and extent of their correlations. A bivariate analysis identified significant correlations: emotional intelligence (i.e., self-emotion appraisal, others’ emotion appraisal, uses of emotion, and regulation of emotion), authoritative parenting, and authoritarian parenting significantly positively correlated with self-esteem. There was no significant correlation between emotional intelligence and parenting styles. Results of the independent-samples t test indicated that emotional intelligence and self-esteem differed by gender. Specifically, women were more likely than men to report high self-emotion appraisal, others’ emotion appraisal, and uses of emotion. Similarly, women were more likely than men to report high self-esteem. Using multiple regression analysis, emotional intelligence and parenting styles were associated with self-esteem: being a student, emotional intelligence (i.e., self-emotion appraisal and uses of emotion), and authoritative parenting were associated with self-esteem. Emotional intelligence accounted for a larger effect on self-esteem than did parenting styles. In general, findings lend credence to the relevance of authoritative parenting in the development of self-esteem and suggest that, among components of emotional intelligence, uses of emotion and self-emotion appraisal may be considered in facilitating improvement of self-esteem among young adults at the developmental stage of increasing self-esteem. Implications of findings for research, education, and practice are discussed.
Exploring the causes of stress and coping with it amongst doctoral level students: Highlighting the importance of information collection and management
Authors: Yousaf Sheikh Usman , Usman Bushra , Akram Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Stress may hinder the efficiency and performance of individuals. However, little attention has been given to academic stress especially stress experienced by doctoral level university students. Understanding and comprehending the causes of their stress and relevant coping strategies is indeed essential for their better performance. Hence, to address this gap, the purpose of the study was to explore the stressors produced by academic environment and the stress coping strategies adopted by doctoral scholars. Unit of analysis were the individuals enrolled in doctoral studies at the Business School of University Kebangsaan, Malaysia. In-depth analysis of eight doctoral level students revealed that they, in general, share the same experiences and adopt similar coping strategies as were reported to have been experienced and adopted by students of other disciplines (i.e., nursing or psychology students). However, a lack of ability to manage information, information ambiguity and ambiguity regarding quality of one's own work emerged as the major stressors in this study, which have not previously been commonly highlighted by past researches. This study, therefore, reveals that information collection, scarcity of information resources, information ambiguity and work related ambiguity are major stressors for doctoral students. Further, it is also identified that social support, problem diversion, effective information management and time management are significant stress coping techniques. The implications and future recommendation are also discussed in the paper.
Measures for Employee Engagement: Public Service in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijesekera A.T. , S. Fernando R.Lalitha
Published: March 2021

Employee engagement is crucial in the delivery of public service efficiently and effectively. Employee engagement is essential as a foundation for service climate (Salanova et al., 2005). Measuring employee engagement is vital to identify the areas to be improved to increase the service quality. The most accepted Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) is heavily applied to measure the employee engagement of Business to Customer (B2C) profit oriented organizations. Therefore, a customized measure for employee engagement is essential for public service. This paper describes the development of a customized scale based on UWES scale for assessing employee engagement in public service with reference to Divisional Secretariats in Sri Lanka. In developing and validating measures, qualitative and quantitative methods were utilized as recommended by Hinkin's (1998). Finally, a customized scale with 16-items was developed under vigor, dedication and absorption dimensions to measure the employee engagement of public service in Sri Lanka.
Epidemiological Profile of In-Hospital Deaths in a Tertiary Health Care Centre: A 3-Year Retrospective Study in Western Maharashtra
Authors: Chourasia Sachin , Dhaka Shivani , Rautji Ravi , Radhakrishna KV
Published: March 2021

Aim

The knowledge of specific contributors to mortality is crucial for the improvement of health of the community. Globally, medical certificate of cause of death is used for gathering epidemiological statistics. Our study examines the mortality pattern with sociodemographic characteristics of in-hospital deaths, which occurred at a tertiary health care center in Maharashtra.

Materials and methods

This study is a descriptive retrospective study in which 1,000 medical certification of cause of death forms (n = 1000) filled at a tertiary care hospital between Aug 2016 and Aug 2019 were analyzed.

Results

Total 64.5% of cases were males and 35.5% were females. About 42% were elderly (60–80 years). About 23% of the deaths were due to “diseases of the circulatory system.” The highest number of cases died within the first 10 days of admission. The “diseases of circulatory system” was the commonest group causing deaths in “brief” hospital stay ((<10 days), “diseases of digestive system” in “short” (10 days–1 month), “neoplasia” in “long” (1–3 months), and “diseases of nervous system” in “prolong” hospital stay (>3 months).

Conclusion

The mortality rate among males was more than twice of females and maximum deaths were observed in the geriatric age group. The chief causes of mortality overall and among both males and females individually were the diseases of the circulatory system among which, the cerebrovascular diseases accounted for highest number of cases. Overall demographic data were comparable to observations from various national and international studies.

Clinical significance

Cause-specific mortality statistics are routinely required by policy makers, researchers, and other professionals for decision-making for resource allocation, monitoring of health indicators, and identifying priorities for health initiatives. Availability of data remains limited and inadequate in many countries. Studies on in-hospital deaths are needed to identify mortality indicators in different regions and channel public health initiatives in the right direction.

How to cite this article

Chourasia S, Dhaka S, Rautji R, et al. Epidemiological Profile of In-Hospital Deaths in a Tertiary Health Care Centre: A 3-Year Retrospective Study in Western Maharashtra. J Med Acad 2020;3(2):38–42.
Role of Tissue Glue in Overlay Tympanoplasty vs Conventional Overlay Method
Authors: Das Avinash , Pimparkar Surendra V , Sethi Ashwani , Joshi Himanshu
Published: March 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to study the role of tissue glue (TISSEL) in overlay tympanoplasty when compared with the conventional overlay method.

Study design

A prospective randomized comparative study was carried out at the ENT department of Base Hospital, Delhi, in which 60 patients with dry central perforation underwent overlay tympanoplasty. Out of these, 30 underwent conventional overlay tympanoplasty (control) and in the rest of the 30, overlay tympanoplasty was done with the use of tissue glue (cases).

Results

Graft take-up rate in control is 90% and in cases 96.7% (p> 0.05). Hearing improvement within 20 dB of A–B gap (at 03 months) in control is 86.70 and 96.70% in cases (p> 0.05). Early hearing improvement (at 6 weeks) in cases was better when compared with the control (p< 0.05). The complication rate in cases is 10% with residual perforation in 01 patient, while that in control is 16.66% with residual perforation in 03 patients (p> 0.05).

Conclusion

Graft take-up rate in hearing improvement was found to be better in overlay tympanoplasty with the use of tissue glue when compared with the conventional method with no statistically significant difference. The only significant advantage with the TISSEL group was found to be an early hearing improvement at 6 weeks. Tissue glue (TISSEL) was found to be safe and effective.

How to cite this article

Pimparkar SV, Sethi A, Das A,et al.Role of Tissue Glue in Overlay Tympanoplasty vs Conventional Overlay Method. J Med Acad 2020;3(2):33–37.
Pharmacovigilance: Perspectives in India
Authors: Gupte Dr Novy , Pradhan Sapna
Published: March 2021

Background

Adverse drug reactions are a significant burden on the health system across the world. Paradoxically, a considerable chunk of ADRs is missed or not reported on account of avoidable reasons, resulting in bottlenecks in carrying out the proper management. This problem is much more evident in India and other resource-limited communities than in the prosperous countries of the West.

Aim and objective

To provide a state-of-the-art update on pharmacovigilance with special reference to perspectives in India and make appropriate recommendations for improving ADR reporting.

Design

The contents are based on a review of English medical literature augmented with the author's first-hand experience in the field over the past more than a decade.

Results

Well-organized pharmacovigilance started in India with the launching of the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India in 2010. Despite it making a perceptible improvement in ADR reporting, high underreporting of ADRs still prevails. The yet greater thrust on inculcating awareness comprising knowledge attitudes and practices among the healthcare professionals is likely to lead to further improvement in ADR reporting, resulting in augmentation of the safe use of drugs.

Conclusion

Pharmacovigilance, a mandatory drug safety activity, needs to be propagated with yet greater vigor among healthcare professionals in India.

How to cite this article

Gupte N, Pradhan S. Pharmacovigilance: Perspectives in India. J Med Acad 2020;3(2):59–62.
Online Teaching During COVID-19 Pandemic: The Perspectives of a Medical Teacher
Authors: Nair Bindu T
Published: March 2021

How to cite this article

Nair BT. Online Teaching During COVID-19 Pandemic: The Perspectives of a Medical Teacher. J Med Acad 2020;3(2):31–32.
Paradoxos feministas: o discurso punitivsta contra a violência de gênero
Authors: Borges Clara Maria Roman , Razera Bruna Amanda Ascher
Published: March 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar a possibilidade de se conceber o Direito Penal como aliado no enfrentamento do problema da violência de gênero no contexto brasileiro. A pesquisa se desenvolve a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica e adota como marcos teóricos Michel Foucault e Judith Butler, críticos do discurso feminista universalizante que defende a criminalização da violência de gênero e o incremento do poder punitivo, tendências, estas, características de tempos conservadores. Inicialmente as Leis Maria da Penha e do Feminicídio são criticamente analisadas, de modo a demonstrar como o discurso jurídico-penal, legitimado por demandas feministas, não apenas representa e reconhece os sujeitos merecedores de proteção, mas produz as identidades que serão protegidas pelo Estado, impondo requisitos para que a mulher goze dessa proteção. Deste modo, verifica-se que o discurso criminalizador, impulsionado por discursos feministas hegemônicos conservadores, acaba por proteger exclusivamente a mulher, cis, heterossexual, paradoxalmente negando direitos às mulheres trans, lésbicas, por exemplo, que escapam aos padrões de gênero, desejo e sexualidade impostos pelo processo de heteronormalização. Por fim, para superar tal paradoxo, reflete-se, a partir do pensamento foucaultiano, sobre a possibilidade da concepção de um direito novo, construído a partir de uma perspectiva pós-identitária, apta a fomentar práticas de resistência às tecnologias heteronormalizadoras e excludentes.
El Salvador 2009 ... en la mira
Authors: Sociología y Ciencias Políticas Departamento de
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 64, No. 720, 2009: 294-299.
La filosofía de Ignacio Ellacuría ante los desafíos actuales
Authors: Samour Héctor
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 64, No. 721, 2009: 351-367.
La prensa escrita y el tratamiento periodístico de la última fase de la campaña presidencial 2009
Authors: Guzmán Nátaly
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 64, No. 721, 2009: 389-402.
Getting Bashar al-Assad Very Wrong
Authors: Pipes Daniel
Published: March 2021

Even in a scholarly discipline regularly upbraided for its ineptitude, Professor of Middle East History at Trinity University in San Antonio David W. Lesch stands out. Among the most rhapsodic boosters of Syrian dictator Bashar al-Assad since his ascension to power in 2000, Lesch has now written two books—one promoting the dictator as a Westernized peacemaker, one predicting his downfall—that have been withdrawn by their common publisher.
The Few, the Proud, the Profs
Authors: Bauerlein Mark
Published: March 2021

For an academic field so self-consciously preoccupied with intelligence, the humanities don’t seem to be run very intelligently. Humanities fields now account for only around five percent of all baccalaureate degrees awarded annually, hundreds of foreign language programs have been lost, and the job market for newly minted Ph.D.s is abysmal. “But humanities departments are way too busy being brilliant,” Mark Bauerlein writes, “to be sensible and managerial.”
The Meaning of Diversity
Authors: Stuwart Matthew
Published: March 2021

Two new books on “diversity” provide Matthew Stewart an opportunity to explore this ubiquitous term, and why its meaning has become “thin, restricted, tendentious and overly politicized.”
History of Science: Politicizing a Discipline
Authors: Staddon John
Published: March 2021

In the first article of our feature critiquing the experts, psychobiologist John Staddon comes to a troubling conclusion. While science earns credibility by submitting evidence to numerous universally recognized tests, the historians of science appear subject to only one: political acceptability.
Immigration “Experts” vs. Wage
Authors: Camarota Steven
Published: March 2021

Economists and news outlets that perpetuate the myth that mass immigration does not affect wages are doing America’s low-skilled laborers (including immigrants) a great disservice.
The Minjung Millenarianism of Bandy X. Lee
Authors: Gilley Bruce
Published: March 2021

In declaring President Trump mentally unfit to hold public office and a “mass killer,” Yale Psychiatrist Bandy X. Lee violated the American Psychiatric Association’s Principles of Medical Ethics, which declares it unethical to diagnose a public figure without personally examining him. Political scientist Bruce Gilley explains why she did it.
Whiteness and the Great Lie of Diversity
Authors: Zunac Mark
Published: March 2021

The University of Wisconsin’s “Diversity Framework,” begun in 2015, comes complete with the substitution of “cultural competency” requirements for First Amendment rights; a multi-headed hydra of inclusion agencies with enforcement power; the conscription of participants to “engage” with the diversity regime; and, most of all, an open-ended expansion of the “dimensions of diversity” beyond race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and gender identity to marital status, age, and “other identities.”
Measurement report: Biogenic VOC emissions profiles of Rapeseed
leaf litter and their SOA formation potential
Authors: Abis Letizia , Kalalian Carmen , Lunardelli Bastien , Wang Tao , Zhang Liwu , Chen Jianmin , Perrier Sébastien , Loubet Benjamin , Ciuraru Raluca , George Christian
Published: March 2021

Abstract. We analysed the biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) emissions from rapeseed leaves litter and their potential to create secondary organic aerosols (SOA) under three different conditions i.e., (i) in presence of UV light irradiation; (ii) in presence of ozone, and (iii) with both ozone and UV light. These experiments have been performed in a controlled atmospheric simulation chamber containing leaves litter samples, where BVOC and aerosol number concentrations have been measured for 6 days. Our results show that BVOC emission profiles were affected by UV light irradiation, which increased the summed BVOC emissions compared to the experiment with solely O3. Furthermore, the diversity of emitted VOCs from the rapeseed litter increased also in presence of UV light irradiation. SOA formation was observed when leaves litter were exposed to both UV light and O3, indicating a potentially large contribution to particle formation or growth at local scales. To our knowledge, this study investigates for the first time the effect of UV irradiation and O3 exposure on both VOC emissions and SOA formation for leaves litter samples. A detailed discussion about the processes behind the biological production of the most important VOC is proposed.
Inverse modelling of carbonyl sulfide: implementation, evaluation and implications for the global budget
Authors: Ma Jin , Kooijmans Linda M. J. , Cho Ara , Montzka Stephen A. , Glatthor Norbert , Worden John R. , Kuai Le , Atlas Elliot L. , Krol Maarten C.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Carbonyl sulfide (COS) has the potential to be used as a climate diagnostic due to its close coupling to the biospheric uptake of CO2 and its role in the formation of stratospheric aerosol. The current understanding of the COS budget, however, lacks COS sources, which have previously been allocated to the tropical ocean. This paper presents a first attempt at global inverse modelling of COS within the 4-dimensional variational data-assimilation system of the TM5 chemistry transport model (TM5-4DVAR) and a comparison of the results with various COS observations. We focus on the global COS budget, including COS production from its precursors carbon disulfide (CS2) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS). To this end, we implemented COS uptake by soil and vegetation from an updated biosphere model (Simple Biosphere Model – SiB4). In the calculation of these fluxes, a fixed atmospheric mole fraction of 500 pmol mol−1 was assumed. We also used new inventories for anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions. The model framework is capable of closing the COS budget by optimizing for missing emissions using NOAA observations in the period 2000–2012. The addition of 432 Gg a−1 (as S equivalents) of COS is required to obtain a good fit with NOAA observations. This missing source shows few year-to-year variations but considerable seasonal variations. We found that the missing sources are likely located in the tropical regions, and an overestimated biospheric sink in the tropics cannot be ruled out due to missing observations in the tropical continental boundary layer. Moreover, high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere require extra COS uptake or reduced emissions. HIPPO (HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations) aircraft observations, NOAA airborne profiles from an ongoing monitoring programme and several satellite data sources are used to evaluate the optimized model results. This evaluation indicates that COS mole fractions in the free troposphere remain underestimated after optimization. Assimilation of HIPPO observations slightly improves this model bias, which implies that additional observations are urgently required to constrain sources and sinks of COS. We finally find that the biosphere flux dependency on the surface COS mole fraction (which was not accounted for in this study) may substantially lower the fluxes of the SiB4 biosphere model over strong-uptake regions. Using COS mole fractions from our inversion, the prior biosphere flux reduces from 1053 to 851 Gg a−1, which is closer to 738 Gg a−1 as was found by Berry et al. (2013). In planned further studies we will implement this biosphere dependency and additionally assimilate satellite data with the aim of better separating the role of the oceans and the biosphere in the global COS budget.
Institutionalizing Advocacy: Some Reflections on the Taxpayer Advocate Service’s Evolution as an Advocate for Taxpayers
Authors: Olson Nina E.
Published: March 2021

Institutionalizing Advocacy: Some Reflections on the Taxpayer Advocate Service’s Evolution as an Advocate for Taxpayers
Cuarta revolución industrial y la administración pública en América Latina
Authors: Montecinos Egon
Published: March 2021

Los impactos de la revolución industrial 4.0 en la administración pública parecen inevitables. La preparación de las instituciones, élite política y sociedad civil para hacer frente a estos nuevos desafíos, debiera ser un camino prioritario para América Latina. Se sostiene que para que estos cambios sean de fondo, se debe involucrar a la burocracia, la política y la sociedad civil. El objetivo de este ensayo es analizar los principales problemas que son necesarios de considerar para avanzar en la implantación de la revolución industrial 4.0 en la administración pública, identificando las principales tensiones y escenarios que se podrían esperar en el futuro de América Latina. La metodología utilizada fue revisión bibliográfica sobre los principales componentes e implicancias de la revolución industrial 4.0 y su implementación en las instituciones públicas de la región. Durante su desarrollo, se presentan escenarios sobre cómo podría implementarse y algunas tensiones que potencialmente se podrían provocar considerando las debilidades institucionales, el contexto social y las características de pobreza de nuestra realidad. La principal conclusión, es que este contexto representa una oportunidad para para restaurar el valor de la política y lo público en la producción de políticas públicas junto a las personas y profundizando la democracia.
Plant conservation in Mediterranean-type ecosystems
Authors: Salmerón-Sánchez Esteban , Mendoza-Fernández Antonio Jesús , Lorite Juan , Mota Juan Francisco , Peñas Julio
Published: March 2021

The present paper is an overview of state of the art in plant conservation in Mediterranean-type Ecosystems (MTEs), highlighting current studies and neglected topics. A review of the literature dealing with this issue and a general analysis of the results was performed, delving into relevant plant conservation biology topics. The main topics considered were: 1) reproductive biology and genetic conservation, 2) threat factors and effects of global change, and 3) evaluation of conservation status and protected areas selection. This study illustrates differences in the number of documents published in northern countries of the Mediterranean Basin concerning southern and eastern countries and compared with other MTEs. It also highlights the paramount importance of public organizations as funding entities. Additionally, it points to a decrease in traditional subject categories related to plant conservation and increased multidisciplinary conservation research and novel methodologies (e.g., phylogenomics, SDM). To overcome existing biases among the different MTE regions, integrating actions at a transnational level would be necessary, with standard conservation policies and strategies. Moreover, research should be supported with more important participation and funding from private entities, with a clear focus on specific conservation proposals. In contrast, certain weaknesses were detected, some related to the limited information available about threatened plant species and the scarce use of the available data from genetic conservation research in management plans. Consequently, the authors consider that future conservation efforts should be addressed to improve the knowledge of threatened MTEs’ flora and implement a manual of good practices, which would make use of the available research information to put forward more direct proposals for management and conservation.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Kefarmasian Terhadap Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Di Empat Apotek Kota Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Melizsa Melizsa , Herwina Renato Putra , Niken Magdalena
Published: March 2021

There has been a shift in the orientation of pharmaceutical services from only drug management to comprehensive patient care (Pharmaceutical Care). Some factors that influence the level of patient satisfaction are the quality of pharmaceutical services. The purpose of this study was to determine the Effect of Pharmaceutical Service Quality on Patient Satisfaction Level in Four Pharmacy City of South Tangerang. This research is a type of quantitative analytic research with cross sectional method. This study uses an accidental sampling method by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents in four South Tangerang city pharmacies. The results showed that the quality of pharmaceutical services has a strong influence on the level of patient satisfaction that has a Pearson correlation of 0.714. The assessment category for the service quality variable produced a pretty good answer (65%) and quite satisfied (75%) forpatient satisfaction. The quality of services provided by the four pharmacies is good, but it must be continuously improved so that there is no decrease in patient satisfaction in the future.
Socioeconomic Determinants of Fertility: A Cross Districts Analysis of Punjab, Pakistanq
Authors: Attari Muhammad Qasim , Pervaiz Zahid , Chaudhary Amatul R.
Published: March 2021

This study has investigated various socio-economic and demographic determinants of fertility across the districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, population density, female literacy rate, employment rate and child mortality have been identified as determinants of fertility by using cross sectional regression. The results of this study indicate that Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and population density have negative and insignificant whereas female literacy rate has negative and significant association with fertility. On the other hand employment rate and child mortality have positive association with fertility. According to results of this study, increase in female education and reduction in child mortality can be helpful to reduce fertility in the districts of Punjab.
Does Education level lead to Higher Earnings of Farmers and Businessmen in Pakistan? A Case Study of District Bahawalnagar
Authors: Bashir Farrukh , Nasim Ismat , Nasrullah Muhammad Junaid
Published: March 2021

The current study examines the role of education on earnings in informal sector. By using stratified random sampling technique sample of 382 individuals is collected through questionnaire and interviews. Ordinary least square method is applied for statistical estimation on data. Education of the respondent in years and categories of education variable from primary to M. Phil. level, age of the respondent, experience, gender, area of living, spouse education, mother’s education, household size, size of land, livestock, availability of healthy diet, investment, and rental property are positively associated with earnings of farmers and businessmen, whereas age square, experience square, schooling of respondent, technical education, working hours, father’s education, marital status and spouse job are negatively associated with earnings of farmers and businessmen.