bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of barley yellow dwarf virus: dynamics of aphid-plant interaction
Authors: Gómez-Hernández E , Cuesta-Herrera L , Altamirano-Fernández A , Salazar-Jurado E , Vásquez-Coronel J
Published: June 2023

Physics continues to be an inexhaustible source of problems that have inspired the theoretical development of mathematics, particularly in the development of the theory of dynamical systems that have their origin in the physics of the 15th century, with the beginning of differential calculus by Newton and Leibniz; differential equations are an appropriate tool for research in different areas of knowledge. Our objective is to show an example of how we can use dynamical systems in a problem framed in forestry and agricultural systems, ecology, and epidemiology. This work is inspired by one of the essential primary crops in the energy intake of the human diet, wheat; as it turns out, the productivity of this food can be affected by several biotic stresses, including viral diseases and their associated vectors. Among the viral infections is the barley yellow dwarf virus, which causes 11% to 33% yield losses in wheat fields; the virus moves through the agricultural landscape via different aphid species (vectors). The main problem is that aphids prefer colonizing plants with the virus, causing rapid growth of infected plants and substantially decreasing crop productivity; therefore, we propose to study the dynamics of aphid-plant interaction, in which the impact of aphid preference for infected plants is determined, and we obtained as a result that a key parameter is the quantity and quality of food consumed by aphids.
Study of the stiffness and lateral displacements of a confined masonry wall using linear static analysis
Authors: Echavarría L G , Díaz J A , Ospina Henao P A
Published: June 2023

Through this investigative study, a computational model will be carried out based on the physical and mechanical properties of a confined masonry wall through specialized software in structures, the above will be done in conjunction with the theoretical study of the finite element method, analysis linear static and its implementation in the model, this will allow a detailed analysis of the stiffness and average lateral displacement of the structural element with areas without discretization, and different sizes of discretization when subjected to a lateral load distributed in the upper part of the structure a slab. This research project will allow the development of a broader perspective on this type of structures and their mechanical behavior when subjected to external disturbances; In addition to providing the possibility of managing critical thinking about decisions to consider in future research on the type of modeling that best behaves in this type of structural elements. The main focus of physics in the article focuses on the need to improve the safety of houses built with adobe against possible seismic phenomena that can cause failures and weaknesses in their structural part, that is, to lay the foundations for the study of the reinforcement of these structures with the contribution of mechanical properties, and it is expected that the mechanical behavior before gravitational loads and accelerations produced by seismic loads in the masonry wall will improve significantly. By means of mathematical models and explained by means of physics, it is expected to estimate the efforts that a wall without reinforcement would present before the loads and compare them with the results obtained in laboratory tests.
V Workshop on Modeling and Simulation for Science and Engineering
Authors: Rincón-Joya M , Barba-Ortega J J , V-Niño E D
Published: June 2023

This volume presents the written contributions of the participants of the V Workshop on Modeling and Simulation for Science and Engineering (V WMSSE) which was held from July 25 to 26, 2022, at the Bogotá city, Colombia, organized by the Foundation Of Researchers In Science And Technology Of Materials (FORISTOM).

The Proceedings volume includes 12 manuscripts that were presented as plenary talks at the conference; the abstracts of all participants’ contributions were published in the Abstract Book with ISSN 2745-1496. The website of the conference is available at https://foristom.org/5wmsse.

The two-day scientific program of the V WMSSE consisted of 5 plenary lectures, 12 oral on-site presentations, and 26 virtual presentations, with the participation of undergraduate and graduate students, professors, researchers, and entrepreneurs from Spain, Mexico, Uruguay, Brazil, Ecuador, and Colombia.

Likewise, the main aim of V WMSSE was to bring together national and international researchers in order to show scientific progress and to highlight the strong correlation of research in modeling and simulation on science, engineering, nanotechnology, and industrial applications; besides, to promote the exchange of creative ideas and the effective transfer of scientific knowledge, from fundamental research to innovation applied to industrial solutions with of purpose to advance in the development of the society by means of efficient transference of the knowledge between sectors academia and industry.

All papers in these Proceedings volume refer to one of the following topics covered in the V WMSSE:

✓ Computer Science.

✓ Mechatronic Systems.

✓ Dynamic Systems Modeling.

✓ Physical-Chemistry Modeling.

✓ Physics-Mathematical Modeling.

✓ Modeling, Simulation, and Diagnostics.

✓ Education on Science, Engineering, and Technology.

On behalf of the organizing committee of the V WMSSE, we are extremely thankful to all authors and participants for providing their valuable contributions for this Proceedings volume as well as the reviewers for their constructive recommendations and criticism aiding to improve the presented articles.

List of Organizing Committee, National Scientific Committee, International Scientific Committee, Invited Speakers, Sponsor, Partners are available in this Pdf.
Enhanced adsorption of chlorogenic acid polyphenol by layered double hydroxide modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate
Authors: Nascimento A C A , Ruellas T M O , Malafatti J O D , Paris E C
Published: June 2023

Polyphenols are a class of organic contaminants highly present in wastewater from industrial and agro-industrial processes. Adsorptive processes are employed to remove contaminants from effluents without the generation of by-products. Among the challenges in removal is the search for adsorbents that have affinity and favor the interaction with the contaminant. In this sense, this paper aimed to evaluate a layered double hydroxide modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate as an adsorbent material of the chlorogenic acid polyphenol. Carbonated magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite was the layered double hydroxide employed for modification at different sodium dodecyl sulfate contents. The results showed that the modification with 50% w w-1 sodium dodecyl sulfate increased the adsorptive capacity of the modified layered double hydroxide from 0.030 mg g-1 to 2.3 mg g-1 after 24 hours of contact with the polyphenol. Thus, the use of sodium dodecyl sulfate for surface modification of layered double hydroxide indicated positive results that favor the application of the modified material in the removal of polyphenols.
Application of a comprehensive methodology for the development of personalized bone implants: exemplification through three cases
Authors: Torres-Jara P B , Vázquez-Silva E , Moncayo-Matute F P , Peña-Tapia P G , Moya-Loayza D P , Abad-Farán G
Published: June 2023

This work presents a compilation, through three real cases, on the application of a comprehensive methodology that describes the processes and materials that can be used for the design and manufacture of personalized bone implants and surgical planning. To do this, doctors and engineers generate test anatomical models to study and simulate the operative approach, surgical cutting guides to reduce the time of the intervention, and the bone implant itself to correct or overcome certain pathologies. In all the cases treated, the physical and mechanical properties of the structure, bone or not, replaced or studied, have been taken into account.
Modeling a quasi-passive bipedal walker: when and where to kick
Authors: Clavijo J , Sierra W , Sánchez S
Published: June 2023

Walking is one of the most complex tasks a human being can perform. It takes several years to develop the patterns that enable a person to walk and run. Although it is now possible to replicate these patterns in machines such as robots, actuators are needed to control the pace and compensate for the energy loss of walking. However, in small robots (in the scale of centimeters) the size and weight of the actuators could be a limiting factor for their use. To solve this problem, quasi-passive walkers have been recently proposed. These walkers consist of several coupled rigid bodies, usually forming a biped, that move on flat surfaces in the presence of a gravitational field. It is well known that these bipeds can descend on small slope planes without the need for actuators. Walking on horizontal planes requires the presence of actuators to initiate and maintain the pace, however, these actuators could be small enough to ”kick” the walker at the right point at the right time. In this work, we present a physical-mathematical model of a bipedal walker composed of five rigid bodies (two legs, two feet, and the hip) moving in a horizontal plane. The model focuses on the natural motion of the biped under certain initial conditions with the ultimate goal of determining the best position of the actuators and the actuation time to maintain the gait. This model could be used as a guide for the construction of small laboratory-scale walkers and as a teaching tool in biomedical engineering courses.
Quantum battery charging by non-equilibrium steady-state currents
Authors: Kamin F H , Abuali Z , Ness H , Salimi S
Published: June 2023

We present an analysis of the availability and maximum extractable work of quantum batteries (QBs) in the presence of charge and/or heat steady-state currents. QBs are modeled as non-interacting open quantum systems (mesoscopic systems) strongly coupled to two thermal and particle reservoirs within the framework of non-equilibrium Green’s function theory in a steady-state regime. We found that the battery can be charged manifestly by a steady-state charge current compared to heat one, especially, in an off-resonant transport regime. It allows us to reliably access the performance of the QBs in the high bias-charging regime.
Graph theory approach to exceptional points in wave scattering
Authors: Scali Stefano , Anders Janet , Horsley Simon A R
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we use graph theory to solve wave scattering problems in the discrete dipole approximation. As a key result of this work, in the presence of active scatterers, we present a systematic method to find arbitrary large-order zero eigenvalue exceptional points (EPs). This is achieved by solving a set of non-linear equations that we interpret, in a graph theory picture, as vanishing sums of scattering events. We then show how the total field of the system responds to parameter perturbations at the EP. Finally, we investigate the sensitivity of the power output to imaginary perturbation in the design frequency. This perturbation can be employed to trade sensitivity for a different dissipation balance of the system. The purpose of the results of this paper is manifold. On the one hand, we aim to shed light on the link between graph theory and wave scattering. On the other hand, the results of this paper find application in all those settings where zero eigenvalue EPs play a unique role like in coherent perfect absorption structures.
Coral resistance in coral bleaching events in Lombok waters, Indonesia
Authors: Johan O , Mustikasari E , Heriati A , Ramdhan M. , Arifin T , Yulius  , Salim H L
Published: June 2023

The western area of Lombok Island is a tourist area that has rich underwater biodiversity in coral reefs ecosystem because of the flow path of Indonesia Trough Flow which carries nutrients continuously through the Lombok Strait. Damage that occurs around the Western area of Lombok Island is caused by climate change and community waste disposal activities that cause coral bleaching. An increase of 1.23°C Sea Surface Temperature occurred in Sekotong on February 2016 and leads to the coral bleaching event on the area. The research was conducted by using the underwater photo transect method and the photos processed by CPCe program shows mass coral bleaching impacted coral condition in West Lombok. Live coral cover was decreased 2.74% comparing with last live coral cover. Total colonies were impacted by coral bleaching 40.04% in Gili Tangkong and 43.63% in Gili Asahan. This Study shows that each species survives and be able to be broodstock for the next life of corals in these areas.
Life history (length-weight relationship, conditional factors, reproductive aspects), stomach contents and nursery ground of stingray in the Arafura Sea
Authors: Wagiyo K , Kembaren DD , Noegroho T , Nugraha B , Hufiadi  , Chodriyah U , Prihatiningsih
Published: June 2023

Stingrays are a resource that is vulnerable to overfishing and habitat degradation. The research was conducted to obtain data and information that is still lacking and much needed for the utilization and protection of stingrays, including; life history, stomach contents, and nursery ground. The study was conducted in October - November 2018 by exploratory, including taking stingrays by trawling and measuring habitat conditions with Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth. The results showed a total stingrays are 744 individuals, weighing 2,986.6 kg and 24 species. Individual stingrays have a width disc range of 9-134 cm and a weight of 20-67000 g. The growth pattern of stingrays is generally allometric, except for Gymnura zonura. The average value of the relative condition factors is generally >1, except for Aetomylaeus maculatus and Brevitrygon walga. Stingrays have an unbalanced sex ratio, gonads consist of 43% adolescent and 57% mature, and the number of neonates is 1-6 /parent. The correlation between clasper length and disc width is generally positive, except for Hemitrygon longicauda. Of the stomach contents of all stingray species, 64 % is shrimp, Himantura leoparda which have various prey. The area east of Aru and west of Papua are the locations used as nursery grounds by most various stingrays. Nursery grounds of Stingray is generally shallow coastal areas with low oxygen, eutrophic and high turbidity. The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for managing stingray resources in the Arafura Sea and further research is recommended to be carried out in four different seasons.
Estimation of fish biomass around the Sangihe Islands waters based on the acoustic data and numerical model of spatial ecosystem and population dynamics
Authors: Setiawan Agus , Supriyadi Freddy , Fadli Muhammad
Published: June 2023

The Sangihe Islands is located in the Republic of Indonesia Fisheries Management Area (WPPNRI) 716, which has an area of about 52.5 million hectares. The potential productions for small and large pelagic fish in WPP NRI 716 are 332,635 tons/year and 181,491 tons/year, respectively, with utilization rates of 0.48 and 0.63. The dominant fish species caught were skipjack, mackerel, yellowfin tuna, and anchovies. In order to estimate fish biomass around the Sangihe Islands waters, acoustic data has been collected in several locations using a 120 kHz BIOSONIC DT-X echo sounder mounted on fishing vessels with purse seine gear. In addition, an analysis of the data from the results of the Spatial Ecosystem and Population Dynamics Model (SEAPODYM) from INDESO Project was also carried out. This model has a resolution of 1/12° and applied in Indonesian waters for 3 types of tuna, namely yellowfin, bigeye, and skipjack. Acoustic data showed that the largest fish biomass along the survey tracks was found at depths between 126 and 150 m, with a total biomass of 21,418 tons. Meanwhile, from the model results, it was found that skipjack biomass was the largest. The average biomass around the Sangihe Islands waters was around 1,340 tons.
Distributions of Nutrients in Relation to Phytoplankton Community Heterogeneity in the Makassar Strait, Indonesia
Authors: Triyulianti Iis , Setiawan Agus , Hamzah Faisal , Agustiadi Teguh , Priyono Bayu , Trenggono Mukti , Nagari Fithriastuti
Published: June 2023

The Monitoring of Indonesia Throughflow (MITF) with scientific cruise across the Indonesian waters that are connecting the islands of Kalimantan and Sulawesi or strait of Makassar. This cruise carried out in August 2015 in an area between 2° and 4° South and 118° and 119° East. This cruise aims to characterize the concentration of nutrients and abundance of phytoplankton groups as well as explain their distribution based on the environmental conditions. Nutrient concentrations consisting of Inorganic Dissolved Nitrogen (DIN), Inorganic Dissolved Phosphate (DIP) and Inorganic Dissolved Silicate (DSi) were measured at seven depth layers, i.e. 10, 30-60, 100-150, 300, 500, 750 and 1000 meters. The study showed that in the transitional season (August), the upper layer of study sites were characterized by salinity between 34.05 and 34.76 PSU, temperature between 26.85 and 29.88 °C, and relatively high nutrient concentration, i.e. DIN = 8.91 - 36.74 μM, DIP = 0.02 - 0.16 μM, and DSi= 31.88 - 249.49 μM. The phytoplankton community groups found were Cyanophyta, Bacillariophyta (Diatom), and Dinophyta, where the highest abundance was Cynophyta for the genus Trichodesmium sp. The composition of phytoplankton community in the surface layer is strongly influenced by sea surface temperature, salinity and nutrient concentration. We found that nutrient utilization in the surface layer is relatively high.
Biofouling on mooring systems in the Talaud and Halmahera Seas, Indonesia
Authors: Pitriana P , Radjab A W , Basit A
Published: June 2023

Many deep-sea scientific discoveries have been driven by sampling from mooring systems. We observed biofouling assemblages on five mooring systems in the Talaud Sea and the Halmahera Sea. Biofoulings on all the mooring components extending from the sea surface to the depth of 1800–2000 m were documented. We found mollusks, barnacles, annelids, algae, and sponges assemblages on buoys, instruments, and cables of the mooring systems. Barnacle Heteralepas sp. was the most dominant biofouling attached to the float instruments of all mooring systems. At a depth of 200 m, we found mollusks, barnacles, and sponges; while algae were founded at a depth of 750 m, 1000 m, 1200 m, and 1800 m. In comparison, sponges were detected at a depth of 200 m, 250 m, 500 m, 750 m, 1000 m, 1200 m, and 1800 m. Nevertheless, at a depth of 2000 m, we did not find any biofouling attached to the mooring systems.
Drainage and Irrigation Water System in Peripheral Urban Areas
Authors: Werdiningtyas R , Suminar L , Kusumastuti  , Rahayu P
Published: June 2023

Polluted water, floods, and inefficient irrigation water distribution system are the main issues of water system conditions of Indonesia especially in peripheral urban areas. In those areas, because of the rapid increased of land prices, the occurrences of small residential areas are massive replacing the existence of productive rice fields. Not only land conversion and mixed land use have been the results, the mix function is also experienced in water system between drainage system and irrigation water system in those areas. Taken Sukoharjo Regency in Central Java Indonesia as a case study, the study is aimed to investigate the integration between irrigation and drainage water system. To trace that, we undertook three analyses: 1) comparing the physical layout of both water system in practices; 2) collating and analysing Indonesia regulations on irrigation and drainage system; 3) analysing the association between 1) and 2). We identified why there is an overlap or intertwined function in the practices. This was done by elaborating the discrepancies and incompatibility through the content analysis of the regulations. The study reveals that the mix function between drainage system and irrigation water system happened because there is dualism in their regulations. This is crucial to coordinate between the provision of drainage system and irrigation water system in Indonesia regulations to prevent the occurrence of intertwined problems and steer water system management toward sustainable condition.
The Influence of Density and Mixed Land Use on The Spread of Covid-19 in Surakarta City
Authors: Istanabi T , Miladan N , Werdiningtyas RR
Published: June 2023

Covid-19 has a significant risk of spreading in urban areas because of the aglomeration of built-up areas and people. It frequently contains a mix of land uses and is accessible to urban amenities. Due to the area’s extensive usage of mixed land uses, it is better able to provide internal urban services on its own. Greater use of area lockdown and social separation strategies could result from this situation. The most populous city in the province of Central Java, Surakarta, has a significant risk of contracting COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of density and levels of mixed land use on the Covid-19 distribution in Surakarta City.Population density is used to calculate density. The entropy index approach was used to measure the amount of mixed land use. It is a method for calculating the balance between each form of land use. The availability of current land use data being processed by the spatial analysis with the Arc GIS application provided help for the analysis. Additionally, it makes use of information on Covid-19 cases in relation to the general populace that is supplied by the Surakarta Municipality. The relationship between mixed land use and Covid-19 risk was analyzed using a linear regression approach. The study’s findings indicated a minor influence between density and the spread of COVID-19. Meanwhile, the level of mixed land use does not influence the spread of the Covid-19 virus in Surakarta City.
Determining Regional Infrastructure Development Priorities in East Java Province
Authors: Sianturi R.S. , Kusuma S.H. , Farikha N. , Zubaidah A. F. , Zakina N. , Astuti S.C. , Amalia F.
Published: June 2023

Accelerating regional development through physical infrastructure development contributes to national economic growth. However, a prioritization of hard infrastructure investment is inevitable due to limited funding capacities among regions. This study aims to determine the priority of regional infrastructure development in East Java Province. First, this research identifies indicators to assess the infrastructure development priority using qualitative content analysis. Second, this research analyzes regional infrastructure development needs using Z-Score values. Finally, this study determines the infrastructure development priorities using the Klassen typology, infrastructure program availability, and dominant land use and base sectors to prioritize regional infrastructure development. The findings can be used as a reference in synchronizing policies and programs in East Java Province for the next five years.
Two-photon lifetime-based photoconversion of EGFP for 3D-photostimulation in FLIM
Authors: Strachotová Dita , Holoubek Aleš , Brodská Barbora , Heřman Petr
Published: June 2023

Enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) is a fluorescent tag commonly used in cellular and biomedical applications. Surprisingly, some interesting photochemical properties of EGFP have remained unexplored. Here we report on two-photon-induced photoconversion of EGFP, which can be permanently converted by intense IR irradiation to a form with a short fluorescence lifetime and spectrally conserved emission. Photoconverted EGFP thus can be distinguished from the unconverted tag by the time-resolved detection. Nonlinear dependence of the two-photon photoconversion efficiency on the light intensity allows for an accurate 3D localization of the photoconverted volume within cellular structures, which is especially useful for kinetic FLIM applications. For illustration, we used the two photon photoconversion of EGFP for measurements of redistribution kinetics of nucleophosmin and histone H2B in nuclei of live cells. Measurements revealed high mobility of fluorescently tagged histone H2B in the nucleoplasm and their redistribution between spatially separated nucleoli.
Ultra-fast 3D printing of assembly—free complex optics with sub-nanometer surface quality at mesoscale
Authors: Peng Shuai , Xu Jiawen , Li Dongya , Ren Jun , Zhang Meng , Wang Xiaolong , Liu Yu
Published: June 2023

Highlights

Ultra-fast tomographic volumetric printing of complex optics.

Enhancing the surface quality of TVP-printed optics by coordinating a meniscus equilibrium.

Facile design and rapid prototyping of spatially complex optics lens with enhanced performance.
Outpatient apheresis billing: A photopheresis model shows that hospital price transparency data remain difficult to interpret
Authors: Adkins Brian D , Booth Garrett S , Jacobs Jeremy W , Jones Heather , Mouslim Morgane C , Henderson Morgan A
Published: June 2023

Objectives

The US health care payment system is complex and difficult to interpret. Although federal regulations require that more data, in the form of charges and negotiated rates, be made available, compliance remains variable. We review chargemaster and negotiated rate values for extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) to assess this variability. We sought to determine the availability of chargemaster and negotiated rates for health care consumers and to assess compliance and pricing among institutions using ECP as a model for apheresis billing.

Methods

We obtained ECP chargemaster data and negotiated rates from 20 institutions. We analyzed the availability of ECP chargemaster data and compared values with a previously published historic cohort. We evaluated the availability of negotiated rates and determined relative reimbursement using charge to reimbursement ratios. We determined calculated fines for hospitals based on bed size.

Results

Chargemaster availability increased from 2019 to 2022, though only 65% (13/20) of hospitals had both chargemaster and negotiated rate data. Chargemaster prices increased significantly from 2019 to 2022 (range, $3,586.83-$34,043.00). We reviewed 1,191 negotiated rates, with institutions averaging 93.6 different rates (SD, 189.5). Negotiated rates were variable, ranging from $3,586.83 to $34,043.00 per procedure. Reimbursement was higher among private insurers compared with reported Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services negotiated rates. Of the 35% (7/20) that lacked chargemaster and negotiated rates, institutions faced an average annual fine of $1,430,800.

Conclusions

Despite recent financial penalties, ECP pricing data are often unavailable or inadequate. Current available resources are unlikely to benefit the average health care consumer who requires ECP.
Consensus label propagation with graph convolutional networks for single-cell RNA sequencing cell type annotation
Authors: Lewinsohn Daniel P , Vigh-Conrad Katinka A , Conrad Donald F , Scott Cory B
Published: June 2023

Motivation

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, annotated by cell type, is useful in a variety of downstream biological applications, such as profiling gene expression at the single-cell level. However, manually assigning these annotations with known marker genes is both time-consuming and subjective.

Results

We present a Graph Convolutional Network (GCN)-based approach to automate the annotation process. Our process builds upon existing labeling approaches, using state-of-the-art tools to find cells with highly confident label assignments through consensus and spreading these confident labels with a semi-supervised GCN. Using simulated data and two scRNA-seq datasets from different tissues, we show that our method improves accuracy over a simple consensus algorithm and the average of the underlying tools. We also compare our method to a nonparametric neighbor majority approach, showing comparable results. We then demonstrate that our GCN method allows for feature interpretation, identifying important genes for cell type classification. We present our completed pipeline, written in PyTorch, as an end-to-end tool for automating and interpreting the classification of scRNA-seq data.

Availability and implementation

Our code for conducting the experiments in this paper and using our model is available at https://github.com/lewinsohndp/scSHARP.
Vitamin C Urinary Loss and Deficiency in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): Cross-sectional Study of Vitamin C Renal Leak in Women With HIV
Authors: Ebenuwa Ifechukwude , Violet Pierre-Christian , Michel Kate , Padayatty Sebastian J , Wang Yaohui , Tu Hongbin , Wilkins Kenneth J , Kassaye Seble , Levine Mark
Published: June 2023

Background

Reduced plasma vitamin C (vitC) concentrations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may result from abnormal urinary excretion: a renal leak. VitC renal leak indicates underlying nutritional dysregulation independent of diet. We hypothesized that increased renal leak prevalence in HIV would be associated with deficient vitC concentrations.

Methods

We conducted an outpatient cross-sectional study of 96 women (40 HIV [PWH] and 56 without HIV [PWOH]) at the National Institutes of Health and Georgetown University. Renal leak was defined as abnormal urinary vitC excretion at fasting plasma concentrations <43.2µM, 2 SDs below vitC renal threshold in healthy women. To determine the primary outcome of renal leak prevalence, matched urine and plasma samples were collected the morning after overnight fast. Secondary outcomes assessed group differences in mean plasma vitC concentrations and prevalence of vitC deficiency. Exploratory outcomes assessed clinical parameters associated with renal leak. VitC was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with coulometric electrochemical detection.

Results

PWH had significantly higher renal leak prevalence (73%vs14%; OR (odds ratio):16; P<.001), lower mean plasma vitC concentrations (14µMvs50µM; P<.001), and higher prevalence of vitC deficiency (43%vs7%; OR:10; P<.001) compared with PWOH, unchanged by adjustments for confounding factors. Significant predictors of renal leak included antiretroviral therapy (ART), Black race, older age, and metabolic comorbidities but not viral load or CD4 count. When compared with other chronic disease cohorts, PWH had the highest prevalence of renal leak and vitC deficiency (P<.001).

Conclusions

High prevalence of vitC renal leak in HIV was associated with vitC deficiency, ART use, and race/ethnicity differences.
Acculturative Stress, Mental Health, and Well-Being among Deaf Adults
Authors: Aldalur Aileen , Pick Lawrence H
Published: June 2023

Acculturative stress is associated with negative mental health among culturally diverse individuals. Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) individuals experience acculturative stress as they navigate within and between the Hearing and Deaf communities, yet, research has not examined the relationship between deaf acculturative stress and psychological functioning. This study examined the relationships between deaf acculturative stress, well-being, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. One hundred and ten DHH adults (71.6% female, 82.7% White, median age = 30–39) completed an online survey including the Multidimensional Inventory of Deaf Acculturative Stress (MIDAS), demographic questions, and measures of psychological functioning. After controlling for relevant sociodemographic factors, the MIDAS Stress from the Deaf and Hearing Community scales emerged as significant predictors of well-being and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Findings are discussed within the context of DHH sociocultural experiences, and suggestions for future research are offered to inform clinical work with DHH individuals.
Congenital membranous ostial stenosis of the left atrial appendage as a secondary finding in a patient with ST elevation myocardial infarction: a case report
Authors: Hanke David , Hamadanchi Ali , Schulze P Christian , Franz Marcus
Published: June 2023

Background

Stenoses of the left atrial appendage (LAA) represent a common complication after incomplete surgical ligation. However, the idiopathic entity is very rare. So far, there is uncertainty about the thromboembolic risk and potential benefit of anticoagulation in these patients. We report on congenital ostial stenosis of the LAA as a secondary finding in a patient with myocardial infarction.

Case summary

A 56-year-old patient presented with acute heart failure secondary to ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and eventually progressed to cardiogenic shock. A percutaneous coronary intervention and stent placement in the first diagonal branch and in the left anterior descending artery was performed in two sessions. There was a new onset of typical atrial flutter and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with haemodynamically relevant tachycardia. Before synchronized electrical cardioversion, we performed transoesophageal echocardiography. Left atrial thrombi were ruled out. Surprisingly, we found membranous ostial stenosis of the LAA, resulting in a bidirectional flow pattern. After 28 days of treatment in the intensive care unit the patient had full clinical recovery.

Discussion

Given the very rare cases of congenital LAA ostial stenosis, there is uncertainty about the thrombogenicity and the potential benefit of anticoagulation or even a percutaneous closure of the LAA. We discuss possible similarities regarding the thromboembolic risk of patients with an idiopathic narrowing of the LAA to patients with incomplete surgical ligation and patients with a device leak after percutaneous LAA closure. Congenital ostial LAA stenosis represents a clinically relevant condition and may be considered as a potential hazard for thromboembolism.
Improved prognosis after cardiac resynchronization therapy over a decade
Authors: Leyva Francisco , Zegard Abbasin , Patel Peysh , Stegemann Berthold , Marshall Howard , Ludman Peter , de Bono Joseph , Boriani Giuseppe , Qiu Tian
Published: June 2023

Aims

The past decade has seen an increased delivery of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) for patients with heart failure (HF). We explored whether clinical outcomes after CRT have changed from the perspective of an entire public healthcare system.

Methods and results

A national database covering the population of England (56.3 million in 2019) was used to explore clinical outcomes after CRT from 2010 to 2019. A total of 64 698 consecutive patients (age 71.4 ± 11.7 years; 74.8% male) underwent CRT-defibrillation [n = 32 313 (49.7%)] or CRT-pacing [n = 32 655 (50.3%)] implantation. From 2010–2011 to 2018–2019, there was a 76% increase in CRT implantations. During the same period, the proportion of patients with hypertension (59.6–73.4%), diabetes (26.5–30.8%), and chronic kidney disease (8.62–22.5%) increased, as did the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI ≥ 3 from 20.0% to 25.1%) (all P < 0.001). Total mortality decreased at 30 days (1.43–1.09%) and 1 year (9.51–8.13%) after implantation (both P < 0.001). At 2 years, total mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.69–0.76] and total mortality or HF hospitalization (HR: 0.59; 95% CI 0.57–0.62) decreased from 2010–2011 to 2018–2019, after correction for age, race, sex, device type (CRT-defibrillation or pacing), comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and myocardial infarction), or the CCI (HR: 0.81; 95% CI 0.77–0.85).

Conclusions

From the perspective of an entire public health system, survival has improved and HF hospitalizations have decreased after CRT implantation over the past decade. This prognostic improvement has occurred despite an increasing comorbidity burden.
Physics-guided deep-learning inversion method for the interpretation of noisy logging-while-drilling resistivity measurements
Authors: Noh Kyubo , Pardo David , Torres-Verdín Carlos
Published: June 2023

Deep learning (DL) inversion is a promising method for real-time interpretation of logging-while-drilling (LWD) resistivity measurements for well-navigation applications. In this context, measurement noise may significantly affect inversion results. Existing publications examining the effects of measurement noise on DL inversion results are scarce. We develop a method to generate training data sets and construct DL architectures that enhance the robustness of DL inversion methods in the presence of noisy LWD resistivity measurements. We use two synthetic resistivity models to test the three approaches that explicitly consider the presence of noise: (1) adding noise to the measurements in the training set, (2) augmenting the training set by replicating it and adding varying noise realizations and (3) adding a noise layer in the DL architecture. Numerical results confirm that each of the three approaches enhances the noise-robustness of the trained DL inversion modules, yielding better inversion results—in both the predicted earth model and measurements—compared to the basic DL inversion and also to traditional gradient-based inversion results. A combination of the second and third approaches delivers the best results.
Not Only Meaning… Verbel: The Electronic Dictionary of Paradigms of Polish Verbal Multiword Expressions
Authors: Przybyszewski Sebastian , Kosek Iwona , Czerepowicka Monika
Published: June 2023

This article presents Verbel: The Electronic Dictionary of Paradigms of Polish Verbal Multiword Expressions (MWEs) and discusses theoretical problems connected with compiling such a dictionary for inflectionally complex languages such as Polish. The dictionary includes over 5,000 Polish verbal MWEs and explicitly presents their forms and constraints in inflection. It also provides grammatical, semantic, pragmatic and prescriptive commentaries. The first part of the article covers the theoretical and methodological basis used in the compilation of the dictionary. Generally, a verbal MWE is inflected according to the paradigm of the verb which is its main component. However, MWEs may have some specific inflectional constraints connected with other factors (e.g. semantic, pragmatic), which result in different paradigms for verbal MWEs and for the verbs that are their main components. In the second part, the conception and content of the dictionary are discussed. Finally, the natural language processing tools that underlie the work on the dictionary are described.
Epidemiology and risk factors of 28-day mortality of hospital-acquired bloodstream infection in Turkish intensive care units: a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Aslan Abdullah Tarık , Tabah Alexis , Köylü Bahadır , Kalem Ayşe Kaya , Aksoy Firdevs , Erol Çiğdem , Karaali Rıdvan , Tunay Burcu , Guzeldağ Seda , Batirel Ayşe , Dindar Emine Kübra , Akdoğan Özlem , Bilir Yeliz , Ersöz Gülden , Öztürk Barçın , Selçuk Mehtap , Yilmaz Mesut , Akyol Ahmet , Akbaş Türkay , Sungurtekin Hülya , Timuroğlu Arif , Gürbüz Yunus , Çolak Onur , Bayindir Yaşar , Eroğlu Ahmet , Ferlicolak Leyla , Çeşme Utku , Dağ Osman , Buetti Niccoló , Barbier François , Ruckly Stéphane , Staiquly Quentin , Timsit Jean-François , Akova Murat
Published: June 2023

Synopsis

Objectives

To uncover clinical epidemiology, microbiological characteristics and outcome determinants of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HA-BSIs) in Turkish ICU patients.

Methods

The EUROBACT II was a prospective observational multicontinental cohort study. We performed a subanalysis of patients from 24 Turkish ICUs included in this study. Risk factors for mortality were identified using multivariable Cox frailty models.

Results

Of 547 patients, 58.7% were male with a median [IQR] age of 68 [55–78]. Most frequent sources of HA-BSIs were intravascular catheter [182, (33.3%)] and lower respiratory tract [175, (32.0%)]. Among isolated pathogens (n = 599), 67.1% were Gram-negative, 21.5% Gram-positive and 11.2% due to fungi. Carbapenem resistance was present in 90.4% of Acinetobacter spp., 53.1% of Klebsiella spp. and 48.8% of Pseudomonas spp. In monobacterial Gram-negative HA-BSIs (n = 329), SOFA score (aHR 1.20, 95% CI 1.14–1.27), carbapenem resistance (aHR 2.46, 95% CI 1.58–3.84), previous myocardial infarction (aHR 1.86, 95% CI 1.12–3.08), COVID-19 admission diagnosis (aHR 2.95, 95% CI 1.25–6.95) and not achieving source control (aHR 2.02, 95% CI 1.15–3.54) were associated with mortality. However, availability of clinical pharmacists (aHR 0.23, 95% CI 0.06–0.90) and source control (aHR 0.46, 95% CI 0.28–0.77) were associated with survival. In monobacterial Gram-positive HA-BSIs (n = 93), SOFA score (aHR 1.29, 95% CI 1.17–1.43) and age (aHR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.08) were associated with mortality, whereas source control (aHR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20–0.87) was associated with survival.

Conclusions

Considering high antimicrobial resistance rate, importance of source control and availability of clinical pharmacists, a multifaceted management programme should be adopted in Turkish ICUs.
Regulating digital platforms: why, how, and why now
Authors: Cass-Gottlieb Gina
Published: June 2023

Like many competition agencies and governments around the world, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission has formed the view that ex ante regulation is a necessary complement to address the competition (and consumer) harms posed by digital platforms. Our existing laws are not sufficient to address the anti-competitive conduct and corresponding harms we have observed in relation to digital platforms and the markets in which they operate. This paper explains our recommended model for regulatory reform and how it will address the competition harms that we have identified. Collaboration with international agencies has influenced our thinking in this space and continues to be important to ensure international coordination and alignment in regulatory reform. This paper concludes by looking ahead to the remainder of 2023 and beyond, as there is much work that remains to be done.
Insights into inactivation and response mechanisms of sublethal Listeria monocytogenes treated by cold plasma with joint transcriptomics and metabolomics
Authors: Pan Yuan-Yuan , Sun Da-Wen , Cheng Jun-Hu , Brust Henrike , Weltmann Klaus-Dieter
Published: June 2023

Aim

The aim of the current study is to elucidate the inactivation and molecular response pattern of sublethal Listeria monocytogenes to cold plasma-mediated two-pronged oxidative microenvironments from a high-throughput multi-omics perspective.

Methods and results

First joint transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses revealed that significantly expressed genes and metabolites were mainly involved in enhanced transmembrane transport and Fe2+/Cu+ efflux, amino acid limitation, cytoplasmic pH homeostasis, reconfiguration of central carbon metabolism flux, and energy conservation strategy, which triggered the surge of intracellular endogenous oxidative stress and finally mediated bacterial ferroptosis and pathogenicity attenuation. Typical antioxidant systems such as the TrxR-Trx system and common antioxidant genes (e.g. sodA, katA, ahpC, trxA, spxA) were inhibited, and the more prominent antioxidant pathways include methionine metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, and glutathione metabolism, as well as the DNA repair systems.

Conclusions

Therefore, our work confirmed from the transcriptional and metabolic as well as physiological levels that cold plasma-mediated intracellular oxidative stress induced big perturbations in pathways as a driving force for the inactivation and pathogenicity attenuation of L. monocytogenes.

 

 

Significance and impact of study

This study provided new insights for the construction of multi-dimensional mechanisms of bacterial inactivation and pathogenicity attenuation for the precise control and inactivation of microorganisms in plasma non-thermal processing.
“The credit of priority”: The Japanese Collection Loaned From the Netherlands to The Great Industrial Exhibition, Dublin, 1853
Authors: Baird Christina
Published: June 2023

The year 1853 marks a landmark in the history of Japanese art exhibitions within Britain and Ireland, being the year when the first clearly identified exhibition of Japanese items was displayed in an international exhibition in the British Isles. The Great Industrial Exhibition, Dublin, 1853, is of importance because the Japanese exhibition loaned from a Dutch collection illustrates the Dutch playing a significant role in the introduction of Japanese works of arts and industry into Britain and Ireland. This study explores the means by which the 1853 Japanese exhibition was assembled and questions why it was never given the “credit of priority” during the 1870s, at a time when discussions on this issue focused on the Japanese displays in the International Exhibition, London, 1862, and the Exposition Universelle, Paris 1867. In relation to these discussions, two texts from the 1870s, R. Alcock, Art and Art Industries in Japan1 and G. A. Audsley and J. L. Bowes, Keramic Art of Japan2 have been singled out for discussion.
Extracellular and intracellular functions of coiled-coil domain containing 3
Authors: Omari Sara , Lee Hyemin , Wang Jieqiong , Zeng Shelya X , Lu Hua
Published: June 2023

Coiled-coil domain containing 3 (CCDC3, also called Favine) is a highly conserved protein initially identified as a protein secreted from adipocytes and endothelial cells in the vascular system with endocrine-like functions. Recently, CCDC3 was also found to function as a nuclear tumor suppressor in breast cancers. Although it is still understudied, CCDC3, since its discovery, has been shown to play multiple roles in lipid metabolism, fatty liver, abdominal obesity, anti-inflammation, atherosclerosis, and cancer. This essay is thus composed to offer an overview of these extracellular endocrine-like and intracellular (nuclear) functions of CCDC3. We also discuss the possible underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of CCDC3, the implications for clinical translation, and the remaining puzzles about this special molecule.