bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When right ventricular pressure meets volume: The impact of arrival time of reflected waves on right ventricle load in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Fukumitsu Masafumi , Groeneveldt Joanne A. , Braams Natalia J. , Bayoumy Ahmed A. , Marcus J. Tim , Meijboom Lilian J. , de Man Frances S. , Bogaard Harm‐Jan , Vonk Noordegraaf Anton , Westerhof Berend E.
Published: April 2022

Right ventricular (RV) wall tension in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is determined not only by pressure, but also by RV volume. A larger volume at a given pressure generates more wall tension. Return of reflected waves early after the onset of contraction, when RV volume is larger, may augment RV load. We aimed to elucidate: (1) the distribution of arrival times of peak reflected waves in treatment‐naïve PAH patients; (2) the relationship between time of arrival of reflected waves and RV morphology; and (3) the effect of PAH treatment on the arrival time of reflected waves. Wave separation analysis was conducted in 68 treatment‐naïve PAH patients. In the treatment‐naïve condition, 54% of patients had mid‐systolic return of reflected waves (defined as 34–66% of systole). Despite similar pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), patients with mid‐systolic return had more pronounced RV hypertrophy compared to those with late‐systolic or diastolic return (RV mass/body surface area; mid‐systolic return 54.6 ± 12.6 g m–2, late‐systolic return 44.4 ± 10.1 g m–2, diastolic return 42.8 ± 13.1 g m–2). Out of 68 patients, 43 patients were further examined after initial treatment. At follow‐up, the stiffness of the proximal arteries, given as characteristic impedance, decreased from 0.12 to 0.08 mmHg s mL–1. Wave speed was attenuated from 13.3 to 9.1 m s–1, and the return of reflected waves was delayed from 64% to 71% of systole. In conclusion, reflected waves arrive at variable times in PAH. Early return of reflected waves was associated with more RV hypertrophy. PAH treatment not only decreased PVR, but also delayed the timing of reflected waves.

Key points

Right ventricular (RV) wall tension in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is determined not only by pressure, but also by RV volume. Larger volume at a given pressure causes larger RV wall tension.

Early return of reflected waves adds RV pressure in early systole, when RV volume is relatively large. Thus, early return of reflected waves may increase RV wall tension. Wave reflection can provide a description of RV load.

In PAH, reflected waves arrive back at variable times. In over half of PAH patients, the RV is exposed to mid‐systolic return of reflected waves. Mid‐systolic return of reflected waves is related to RV hypertrophy.

PAH treatment acts favourably on the RV not only by reducing resistance, but also by delaying the return of reflected waves.

Arrival timing of reflected waves is an important parameter for understanding the relationship between RV load and its function in PAH.
On Solutions of the Stiff Differential Equations in Chemistry Kinetics With Fractal-Fractional Derivatives
Authors: Farman Muhammad , Aslam Muhammad , Akgül Ali , Jarad Fahd
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we consider the stiff systems of ordinary differential equations arising from chemistry kinetics. We develop the fractional order model for chemistry kinetics problems by using the new fractal operator such as fractal fractional and Atangana-Toufik scheme. Recently a deep concept of fractional differentiation with nonlocal and nonsingular kernel was introduced to extend the limitations of the conventional Riemann–Liouville and Caputo fractional derivatives. Many scientific results are presented in the paper and also prove these results by effective numerical results. These concepts are very important to use for real-life problems like Brine tank cascade, Recycled Brine tank cascade, pond pollution, home heating, and biomass transfer problem. These results are very important for solving the nonlinear model in chemistry kinetics which will be helpful to understand the chemical reactions and their actual behavior; also the observation can be developed for future kinematic chemical reactions with the help of these results.
An Overview of Higher-Order Beam Elements Based on the Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation
Authors: Wang Tengfei , Mikkola Aki , Matikainen Marko K.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, beam elements with particular emphasis on higher-order elements based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) are thoroughly investigated from the perspective of interpolation procedure and numerical performance. A straightforward and modularized procedure to construct the shape function is proposed. Based on the unified shape function formulation, the research examines how axial and transverse interpolation strategies impact element performance. Two beams in the pure bending scenario are analyzed. The comparison study reveals that higher-order interpolation in the axial and transverse directions is necessary to represent the highly curved deformation modes and alleviate Poisson locking. The Princeton beam and a thicker beam are then studied to assess the accuracy, convergence, and numerical stability of different beam elements. Conclusions are: (1) Higher-order beam elements are generally more accurate but converge more slowly. (2) To guarantee high accuracy, a complete set of transverse quadratic gradients must be adopted in the quadratic elements, and a higher-order transverse interpolation is necessary to capture the warping effect. (3) To avoid slow convergence, the axial order should not be lower than the transverse order. (4) Higher-order beam elements lead to a stiffness matrix with a larger condition number. With an inappropriate length to cross section ratio, the transverse cubic element results in an ill-conditioned stiffness matrix that brings numerical instability. (5) The numerical stability of higher-order beam elements are more sensitive to the length to cross section ratio of the meshed beam.
Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in Single-Phase Flows in Tapered Microchannels
Authors: Moreira Debora C. , Ribatski Gherhardt , Kandlikar Satish G.
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a comparison of heat transfer and pressure drop during single-phase flows inside diverging, converging, and uniform microgaps using distilled water as the working fluid. The microgaps were created with a plain 10 mm × 10 mm heated copper surface and a polysulfone cover that was either uniform or tapered with an angle of 3.4 deg, and average gap heights of 400 and 800 μm. Experiments were conducted with single-phase water flow with an inlet temperature of 30 °C for flow rates varying from 57 to 498 mL/min and heat flux from 27 to 153 W/cm2 depending on the flowrate and microgap configuration. The uniform configuration resulted in the lowest pressure drop due to the less constricted flow. A slight decrease of pressure drop with heat flux was observed due to temperature dependent properties. The best heat transfer performance was obtained with the converging configuration, which was especially significant at low flow rates and shorter average gap. This behavior could be explained by an increase in the heat transfer coefficient due to flow acceleration in the converging gaps, which compensates for the decrease in temperature difference between the fluid and the surface along the flow length. Overall, the converging microgaps have better performance than uniform or diverging ones for single-phase flows, and this effect is more pronounced at lower flow rates, where the fluid experiences higher temperature changes.
Structure of the human inner kinetochore bound to a centromeric CENP-A nucleosome
Authors: Yatskevich Stanislau , Muir Kyle W. , Bellini Dom , Zhang Ziguo , Yang Jing , Tischer Thomas , Predin Masa , Dendooven Tom , McLaughlin Stephen H. , Barford David
Published: April 2022

Kinetochores assemble onto specialized centromeric CENP-A (centromere protein A) nucleosomes (CENP-A
Nuc
) to mediate attachments between chromosomes and the mitotic spindle. We describe cryo–electron microscopy structures of the human inner kinetochore constitutive centromere associated network (CCAN) complex bound to CENP-A
Nuc
reconstituted onto α-satellite DNA. CCAN forms edge-on contacts with CENP-A
Nuc
, and a linker DNA segment of the α-satellite repeat emerges from the fully wrapped end of the nucleosome to thread through the central CENP-LN channel that tightly grips the DNA. The CENP-TWSX histone-fold module further augments DNA binding and partially wraps the linker DNA in a manner reminiscent of canonical nucleosomes. Our study suggests that the topological entrapment of the linker DNA by CCAN provides a robust mechanism by which kinetochores withstand both pushing and pulling forces exerted by the mitotic spindle.
Allylic C–H amination cross-coupling furnishes tertiary amines by electrophilic metal catalysis
Authors: Ali Siraj Z. , Budaitis Brenna G. , Fontaine Devon F. A. , Pace Andria L. , Garwin Jacob A. , White M. Christina
Published: April 2022

Intermolecular cross-coupling of terminal olefins with secondary amines to form complex tertiary amines—a common motif in pharmaceuticals—remains a major challenge in chemical synthesis. Basic amine nucleophiles in nondirected, electrophilic metal–catalyzed aminations tend to bind to and thereby inhibit metal catalysts. We reasoned that an autoregulatory mechanism coupling the release of amine nucleophiles with catalyst turnover could enable functionalization without inhibiting metal-mediated heterolytic carbon-hydrogen cleavage. Here, we report a palladium(II)-catalyzed allylic carbon-hydrogen amination cross-coupling using this strategy, featuring 48 cyclic and acyclic secondary amines (10 pharmaceutically relevant cores) and 34 terminal olefins (bearing electrophilic functionality) to furnish 81 tertiary allylic amines, including 12 drug compounds and 10 complex drug derivatives, with excellent regio- and stereoselectivity (>20:1 linear:branched, >20:1
E
:
Z
).
The fascinating world of biogenic crystals
Authors: Prywer Jolanta
Published: April 2022

The diverse properties of these crystals may lead to a variety of applications
Confronting climate injustice
What Climate Justice Means and Why We Should Care
Elizabeth Cripps
Bloomsbury Continuum, 2022. 224 pp.
Is Science Enough?
Aviva Chomsky
Beacon Press, 2022. 240 pp.
Authors: Aczel Miriam
Published: April 2022

Social, racial, and economic disparities are crucial considerations in climate policies
Host F-Box Protein 22 Enhances the Uptake of Brucella by Macrophages and Drives a Sustained Release of Proinflammatory Cytokines through Degradation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effector Proteins of Brucella
Authors: Mazumdar Varadendra , Joshi Kiranmai , Nandi Binita Roy , Namani Swapna , Gupta Vivek Kumar , Radhakrishnan Girish
Published: April 2022

Brucella
species are intracellular bacterial pathogens, causing the worldwide zoonotic disease brucellosis.
Brucella
invades professional and nonprofessional phagocytic cells, followed by resisting intracellular killing and establishing a replication permissive niche.
Brucella
also modulates the innate and adaptive immune responses of the host for its chronic persistence. The complex intracellular cycle of
Brucella
depends in a major way on multiple host factors, but limited information is available on host and bacterial proteins that play an essential role in the invasion, intracellular replication, and modulation of host immune responses.
Multicenter Clinical Evaluation of Modified Two-Tiered Testing Algorithms for Lyme Disease Using Zeus Scientific Commercial Assays
Authors: Sfeir Maroun M. , Meece Jennifer K. , Theel Elitza S. , Granger Dane , Fritsche Thomas R. , Steere Allen C. , Branda John A.
Published: April 2022

Modified two-tiered testing (MTTT) algorithms for Lyme disease (LD), which involve the sequential use of orthogonal enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) without immunoblotting, are acceptable alternatives to standard two-tiered testing (STTT; EIA followed by immunoblots) provided the EIAs have been FDA-cleared for this intended use. We evaluated four Zeus Scientific LD EIAs used in two distinct MTTT algorithms for FDA review.
Pathological Characteristics of Echovirus 30 Infection in a Mouse Model
Authors: Li Jichen , Zhang Guoyan , Sun Qiang , Zhang Keyi , Lu Huanhuan , Xiao Jinbo , Han Zhenzhi , Zhao Hehe , Xu Wenbo , Zhang Yong , Liu Zhijun
Published: April 2022

Echovirus 30 (E30) infection causes a wide spectrum of diseases with mild symptoms, such as hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), acute flaccid paralysis, and aseptic meningitis and other diseases, especially one of the most common pathogens causing aseptic meningitis outbreaks. We established a novel mouse model of E30 infection by inoculating neonatal mice with clinical isolates of E30 and observed the pathological changes induced by E30.
Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Invasion of Sensory Neurons by Retrograde Axonal Transport Is Dependent on the pUL37 Region 2 Effector
Authors: Stults Austin M. , Sollars Patricia J. , Heath Kelly D. , Sillman Sarah J. , Pickard Gary E. , Smith Gregory A.
Published: April 2022

A molecular and cellular understanding of the retrograde axonal transport process that underlies the neuroinvasive properties of the alphaherpesviruses is established from studies of herpes simplex virus and pseudorabies virus. The degree to which this phenotype is conserved in other related viruses has largely not been examined.
Isolation of a Potently Neutralizing and Protective Human Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Yellow Fever Virus
Authors: Doyle Michael P. , Genualdi Joseph R. , Bailey Adam L. , Kose Nurgun , Gainza Christopher , Rodriguez Jessica , Reeder Kristen M. , Nelson Christopher A. , Jethva Prashant N. , Sutton Rachel E. , Bombardi Robin G. , Gross Michael L. , Julander Justin G. , Fremont Daved H. , Diamond Michael S. , Crowe James E.
Published: April 2022

Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a mosquito-borne virus that occasionally causes outbreaks of severe infection and disease in South America and sub-Saharan Africa. There are very effective live-attenuated (weakened) yellow fever virus vaccines, but recent problems with their production and distribution have left many people in affected areas vulnerable.
Genome-Wide Association Study of Campylobacter
-
Positive Diarrhea Identifies Genes Involved in Toxin Processing and Inflammatory Response
Authors: Munday Rebecca M. , Haque Rashidul , Jan Ning-Jiun , Wojcik Genevieve L. , Marie Chelsea , Duchen Dylan , Mentzer Alexander J. , Nayak Uma , Korpe Poonum , Kirkpatrick Beth D. , Petri William A. , Duggal Priya
Published: April 2022

Children in low-to-middle-income countries often suffer from multiple enteric infections in their first few years of life, many of which have the potential for long-lasting effects. These children are already likely to be malnourished and underweight, and chronic intestinal disturbances exacerbate these conditions.
Autophagy Underlies the Proteostasis Mechanisms of Artemisinin Resistance in P. falciparum Malaria
Authors: Ray Ananya , Mathur Miti , Choubey Deepak , Karmodiya Krishanpal , Surolia Namita
Published: April 2022

There is an urgent need to clearly understand the mechanisms of ART resistance as it is emerging in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) and other parts of the world, such as Africa. Deciphering the mechanisms of the parasite’s stress response pathways of ART resistance will provide insights to identify novel drug targets for developing new antimalarial regimens.
The Delta SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern Induces Distinct Pathogenic Patterns of Respiratory Disease in K18-hACE2 Transgenic Mice Compared to the Ancestral Strain from Wuhan
Authors: Liu Xiang , Mostafavi Helen , Ng Wern Hann , Freitas Joseph R. , King Nicholas J. C. , Zaid Ali , Taylor Adam , Mahalingam Suresh
Published: April 2022

SARS-CoV-2 variants, with the threat of increased transmissibility, infectivity, and immune escape, continue to emerge as the COVID-19 pandemic progresses. Detailing the pathogenesis of disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as Delta, is essential to better understand the clinical threat caused by emerging variants and associated disease.
Genome Sequence of
Lelliottia
sp. Strain WAP21, Isolated from Soil in Canola Fields in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Tran Phuong Nguyen , Md Zoqratt Muhammad Zarul Hanifah , Michalczyk Agnes , Ackland M. Leigh
Published: April 2022

Here, we describe the genome of
Lelliottia
sp. strain WAP21, which was isolated from the soil of canola fields in Australia. The genome has a size of 4.9 Mbp and 4,583 predicted genes, with some potential pathways for metabolism of various carbon sources and metal acquisition.
Traffic dynamics based on dynamic local routing protocol in a finite buffer network
Authors: Wu Qing , Jing Xing-Li , Zhang Li-Jun
Published: April 2022

This paper proposed a novel routing strategy with two tunable parameters, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], based on the dynamic local information in a finite buffer network. The system behaves differently from that with a local routing strategy based on the degree with an adjustable parameter [Formula: see text]. Simulations show that, under dynamic local strategy, the maximal capacity of the network system increases with [Formula: see text] whereas it increases with the decrement of [Formula: see text] in the case of all the nodes having identical delivering ability. The dynamic local routing performs much better than the local routing, which is demonstrated by a larger value of the critical packet generation rate. We found that buffer coefficient has a limited impact on the performance of network system. We also demonstrate that a smaller [Formula: see text] would be better if we want to have an excellent traffic capacity considering the travel time, average path length and waiting time. Our study will be helpful to improve traffic performance in finite buffer networks.
REVISITING THE ROLE OF THE OIL CURSE AND ITS TRANSMISSION CHANNELS IN SHAPING PETROSTATES’ GROWTH: AN EVIDENCE FROM A QUANTILE REGRESSION
Authors: ERTIMI BASEM , SARMIDI TAMAT , KHALID NORLIN , ALI MOHD HELMI
Published: April 2022

This paper aims to uncover the oil curse by presenting the distinctive characteristics of petrostates. Furthermore, it also clusters the countries to determine the mechanisms of oil resources by the importance of each transmission channel. Fixed and random effect models are performed, coupled with quantile regression. The results are threefold. First, oil abundance is favorable for economic growth. Second, oil dependence indirectly hinders growth by transmission mechanisms: in petrostates, the effect of indirect channel is the greatest by inhibiting human capital, the Dutch disease effect, which cripples the economic growth and by the increase in government intervention; and the institution effect turns to be positive. However, in non-petrostates, the greatest impact is experienced by different indirect channels. This study has further deepened our perception of the “oil curse” hypothesis and its transmission channels. Transmission channels determine whether natural resources are a curse or a blessing.
A Critical Survey on Developed Reconstruction Algorithms for Computed Tomography Imaging from a Limited Number of Projections
Authors: Islam Md. Shafiqul , Islam Rafiqul
Published: April 2022

Rapid system and hardware development of X-ray computed tomography (CT) technologies has been accompanied by equally exciting advances in image reconstruction algorithms. Of the two reconstruction algorithms, analytical and iterative, iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms have become a clinically viable option in CT imaging. The first CT scanners in the early 1970s used IR algorithms, but lack of computation power prevented their clinical use. In 2009, the first IR algorithms became commercially available and replaced conventionally established analytical algorithms as filtered back projection. Since then, IR has played a vital role in the field of radiology. Although all available IR algorithms share the common mechanism of artifact reduction and/or potential for radiation dose reduction, the magnitude of these effects depends upon specific IR algorithms. IR reconstructs images by iteratively optimizing an objective function. The objective function typically consists of a data integrity term and a regularization term. Therefore, different regularization priors are used in IR algorithms. This paper will briefly look at the overall evolution of CT image reconstruction and the regularization priors used in IR algorithms. Finally, a discussion is presented based on the reality of various reconstruction methodologies at a glance to find the preferred one. Consequently, we will present anticipation towards future advancements in this domain.
Consistency in Management Earnings Guidance Patterns
Authors: Tang Michael Minye
Published: April 2022

Synopsis

The research problem

I examine management earnings guidance patterns measured by the specific quarters in which a firm issues guidance each year. Using a constant sample, I document that a large and increasing percentage of firms provide guidance in consistent patterns over consecutive years, suggesting that the benchmark of their current guidance provision should be their prior guidance, not no guidance as implicitly assumed in prior empirical research that focuses on guidance levels.

Motivation and theoretical reasoning

I study changes in guidance provision to recognize firms’ prior guidance as their benchmark, which is also consistent with survey evidence (e.g., Graham et al. , 2005 ) and the dynamic disclosure theory (e.g., Einhorn & Ziv , 2008 ) that managers’ default disclosure choice is likely their prior disclosure practice rather than no disclosure at all.

The test hypotheses

Controlling for known guidance determinants, I hypothesize that firms with consistent (but not necessarily frequent) past guidance act more like regular guiders; their subsequent guidance provisions are less likely to change and are less sensitive to guidance determinants.

Adopted methodology and findings

Controlling for known guidance determinants, I find that firms with consistent (but not necessarily frequent) past guidance act more like regular guiders; their subsequent guidance provisions are less likely to change and are less sensitive to guidance determinants. These results are robust to using a sample matched on the propensity of issuing consistent guidance in the past and to using a two-stage model that explicitly models the past guidance consistency.

Furthermore, I find that the timing and the precision of guidance with a consistent pattern exhibit less temporal variability than guidance with an inconsistent pattern.

Target audience and implications

Overall, while prior studies use past guidance frequency to identify regular guiders, my findings suggest that the consistency in past guidance patterns can significantly refine this identification. Moreover, to better understand managers’ guidance decisions, researchers can recognize a firm’s past guidance as the benchmark (i.e., the default choice) of its current guidance by examining the changes in guidance patterns.
Cytotoxicity of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with Different Morphologies In Vitro
Authors: Li Ruo-Nan , Da Xian-Hong , Li Xiang
Published: April 2022

Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been widely used as drug carriers, but their toxicity is rarely reported. Herein, we compared the toxicity of novel Fe3O4 nanorings, nanotubes and conventional Fe3O4 nanospheres. The structure, morphology and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterized via X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometer. Scanning electron microscope images revealed that the morphologies of Fe3O4 particles were annular, tubular or spherical. The magnetic property measurements demonstrated that saturation magnetization values of nanorings, nanotubes and nanospheres were 85.3, 90.1 and 74.8[Formula: see text]emu/g, respectively. In addition, the cytotoxic effects on the 264.7 mouse macrophages cells of Fe3O4 nanorings, nanotubes and nanospheres were determined by cck-8 test and TUNEL staining assay. Cell viability was slightly decreased on spherical Fe3O4 nanoparticles compared to annular and tubular Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
Effects of hole transport and energy barrier on the width of the exciton formation zone in organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Liu Wenxing , Feng Shang , Guan Xi , Wang Yufei , Qin Dashan
Published: April 2022

Phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been fabricated based on MoO[Formula: see text]-doped [Formula: see text],[Formula: see text]-bis-(1-naphthyl)-diphenyl-1,1[Formula: see text] -biphenyl-4,4[Formula: see text]-diamine (NPB:MoO[Formula: see text] and 4,4[Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text],[Formula: see text]-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP:MoO[Formula: see text]. The device using 20 nm NPB:MoO3/10 nm CBP:MoO3 shows increased width of the exciton formation zone and thereby relieved efficiency roll-off than the one using 30 nm CBP:MoO3. This is mostly because the NPB:MoO3/CBP:MoO3 reduces the transit time for holes from anodes to emissive layers than the CBP:MoO3, as a result of the higher hole mobility of NPB:MoO3 than that of CBP:MoO3. Although the energy barrier from NPB:MoO3 to CBP:MoO3 markedly affects the current density versus voltage characteristics of a device, it barely alters the width of the exciton formation zone. This is ascribed to the instantaneous passage of holes through the interfacial barrier, regardless of its magnitude, thereby offering little effect on the transit time for holes from the anode to the emissive layer. The current research provides novel insight into the working mechanism of OLED, hopefully pushing forward OLED technology towards high-luminance applications.
Development of Pyrazole Harbouring Novel Leads Against β-Amyloid Protein Fibrillation by in silico Drug Design
Authors: Mishra Puja , Biswas Sujata , Baur Sudipta , Basak Souvik , Mukherjee Arup , Basu Anindya
Published: April 2022

Amyloid [Formula: see text] (A[Formula: see text]) peptide monomers polymerize to form insoluble amyloid fibril aggregates and accumulate as senile plaques which eventually leads to cognitive impairment. Modulating abnormal amyloid aggregation can be considered a therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease. Recent studies support that Curcumin interferes with larger protein aggregate formation by destabilizing the salt bridge (Asp 23-Lys 28) of A[Formula: see text] protein. The chemical library of curcumin derivative with pyrazole, isoxazole, and isothiazole showed considerable binding affinity comparable to that of curcumin. In silico docking studies of the library of the compound, revealed strong binding affinity with A[Formula: see text] protein and [Formula: see text]-secretase enzyme (BACE1). De novo ligand design coupled with manual pharmacophore mapping of our best-fitting lead revealed another ligand having a potential binding affinity with both A[Formula: see text] protein and BACE-1. Both the compounds passed Lipinski’s Rule of Five, in silico toxicity testing by admetSAR, and pharmacophore overlaps with Verubecestat, a compound under clinical trial against Alzheimer’s disease. MD dynamic simulation study revealed the stability of protein after it binds to our ligand. Secondary structure determination was also done to observe the changes in [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] sheets of the protein with and without ligand binding. Ligand-based drug design was also carried out via pharmacophore mapping and searching the molecules via zinc database.
The Influences of a Knowledge Representation Tool on Searchers with Varying Cognitive Abilities
Authors: Choi Bogeum , Arguello Jaime , Capra Robert , Ward Austin R.
Published: April 2022

While current systems are effective in helping searchers resolve simple information needs (e.g., fact-finding), they provide less support for searchers working on complex information-seeking tasks. Complex search tasks involve a wide range of (meta)cognitive activities, including goal-setting, organizing information, drawing inferences, monitoring progress, and revising mental models and search strategies. We report on a lab study (
N
= 32) that investigated the influences of a
knowledge representation
tool called the OrgBox, developed to support searchers with complex tasks. The OrgBox tool was integrated into a custom-built search system and allowed study participants to drag-and-drop textual passages into the tool, organize passages into logical groupings called “boxes”, and make notes on passages and boxes. The OrgBox was compared to a baseline tool (called the Bookmark) that allowed participants to save textual passages, but not organize them nor make notes. Knowledge representation tools such as the OrgBox may provide special benefits for users with different cognitive profiles. In this article, we explore two cognitive abilities: (1) working memory (WM) capacity and (2) switching (SW) ability. Participants in the study were asked to gather information on a complex subject and produce an outline for a hypothetical research article. We investigate the influences of the tool (OrgBox vs. Bookmark) and the participant’s working memory capacity and switching ability on three types of outcomes: (RQ1) search behaviors, (RQ2) post-task perceptions, and (RQ3) the quality of outlines produces by participants.
The Offset Azimuth Prediction of Light Buoy Based on Markov Chain Optimization Multiplicative Seasonal Model
Authors: Wu Zhizheng , Ren Lüzhen , Zhou Shibo , Zhang Yuqi , Xu Wenpeng , Zhang Heyang
Published: April 2022

Aimed at the problem of the large error caused by uncertain factors in the fitting process of the traditional multiplicative seasonal model, the advantages of the Markov chain in this study are applied to the multiplicative seasonal model to optimize the prediction results. Based on the residual value between the theoretical and actual values, the values of different intervals are divided into states. The transition probability matrix is established through different probabilities; then, the weighted sum of different prediction probabilities is carried out to select the optimal prediction state. The real number of Meizhou Bay portlight buoys is used to verify the prediction effect of the model, and MAE, MAPE, RMSE, RRMSE, SSE, R2 are used to calculate the error between the predicted value and the actual value. The results show that compared to the traditional multiplicative seasonal model and other prediction models, the prediction MAE of the MC-SARIMA model is decreased by 2.19003794, the MAPE is decreased by 0.66%, the RMSE is decreased by 2.092671823, the RRMSE is decreased by 0.006221352, the SSE is decreased by 404.0231931, and the R2 is increased by 0.224686247. It shows that the multiplicative seasonal model optimized by the Markov chain can predict the azimuth data of the light buoy more effectively than the traditional multiplicative seasonal model and other prediction models.
Effectiveness of English Online Learning Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Xu Jie , Liu Yang , Liu Jinzhong , Qu Zuguang
Published: April 2022

With the popularization of the Internet lifestyle and the innovation of learning methods, more and more online learning systems have emerged, allowing users to study in the system anytime and anywhere. While providing convenience to users, online learning systems also bring troubles to users, who cannot quickly find the resources they are interested in from the huge amount of learning resources. In this paper, we apply deep learning to an English online learning platform and analyze learners and learning contents by clustering algorithm and association rules. Based on this, a content organization system is developed using genetic algorithms, which is applied to the case of this paper to provide learners with personalized learning content. With the hope that the system can be extended to other online learning platforms in the future, three data mining techniques were selected to solve the problems found in the English online learning platform, and we designed how these techniques should be applied to the online learning platform. The first technique is the cluster mining technique, which is used to analyze learners’ profiles, classify learners in different categories, provide them with personalized learning content, and organize group learning. The second technique is association rules, which is used to analyze the correlation between learning contents. For the adaptive student-teacher knowledge migration strategy, the teacher model can guide the student model to track online and migrate the task-specific knowledge to the online tracking student model through the network parameters. Finally, a case study is selected and the above design is applied to this case study, and the results are analyzed in detail. The data mining technology is applied to the English online learning platform, and an innovative English learning content organization system is developed. It is hoped that the results of this study will have some practical value for promotion and provide an idea for the construction of the online learning platform, and it is also expected that the idea can improve the quality of online learning to a certain extent. Specifically, the online student model is adaptively updated by the teacher model parameters and the online student model parameters together.
[Retracted] The Effect of Long‐Term External Counterpulsation Combined with Exercise Therapy on the Establishment of Collateral Circulation in Patients with Coronary Artery Occlusive Disease
Authors: Du Feng , Zhang Wei , Mao Hua , Guo Yanli , Guo Meiqin , Lu Yuming , Chen Min , Sha Zhongxin
Published: April 2022

Objective. By detecting the levels of external counterpulsation combined with exercise therapy on the levels of moesin, angiopoietin‐like protein2 (Angptl 2), angiopoietin‐like protein (Angptl 3), hypoxia inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α), and RNA‐34a (miR‐34a) in patients with coronary artery occlusive disease, the effect of external counterpulsation combined with exercise therapy on the establishment of occluded coronary collateral circulation was studied. Methods. A retrospective analysis of 166 patients with coronary heart disease was confirmed by coronary angiography results that at least one coronary artery (anterior descending branch, circumflex branch, and right coronary artery) was completely occluded and was classified into the control group (routine medication) and the treatment group (routine drug therapy plus exercise therapy and external counterpulsation) according to the treatment plan of the patient. The serum levels of moesin, Angptl 2, Angptl 3, and HIF‐1α were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) of the two groups of patients were measured before and after 2 weeks of treatment. The formation of collateral circulation was analyzed according to the Rentrop classification method. Results. After treatment, the IMR levels of the two groups were significantly decreased, and the CFR levels were significantly increased. The decrease of IMR level and the increase of CFR level in the experimental group were better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive detection rate of moesin antibody between the two groups, but the OD detection value of the treatment group decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The levels of Angptl 2, Angptl 3, and miR‐34a in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, while the relative expression of HIF‐1α was higher than that in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). External counterpulsation combined with exercise therapy improved the formation rate of collateral circulation (P < 0.05). Conclusions. External counterpulsation combined with exercise therapy can reduce moesin antibody, Angptl 2, Angptl 3, and miR‐34a levels increase HIF‐1α levels, and promote the establishment of occluded coronary collateral circulation.
A Qualitative Study of Clinical Teachers’ Expectations for the Role of Nursing Postgraduates Based on Intelligent Data Analysis
Authors: Gao Yaxuan , Li Ping , Du Guangping , Zhong Hongmei
Published: April 2022

Objective. To deeply understand the role expectation of clinical teachers for nursing master’s degree graduates and use the crowd portrait intelligent data analysis system to assist in enrollment. Methods. Retrospective analysis was used to group nursing postgraduates and observe and statistically analyze the passing rate of basic course examination, subject achievement, graduation thesis, and graduation passing rate within three years. Results. The passing rates of the observation indexes of the double compliance group, the compliance system group, the compliance teacher group, and the double noncompliance group decreased in turn. It can be said that the system design can provide effective suggestions for the enrollment of nursing postgraduates. If the enrollment is carried out according to the system suggestions, the overall level of postgraduates can be improved, and their role expectations can be met. Conclusion. This paper was aimed at studying the advantages of using intelligent data systems to assist in enrollment, which can not only improve the overall level of nursing graduate students but also meet the role expectations of clinical teachers, systematically arrange practical teaching, and promote the development of relevant software systems.
Cloud-Based Android Intelligent Voice and Enterprise Economic Statistics System Design
Authors: Zhao Lijuan , Zhong Lihua
Published: April 2022

The analysis of the current economic statistics system shows that the requirements for computing and storage capacity are relatively high. For the previous main controller, it is difficult to meet this basic requirement, but the application of cloud computing technology can solve this problem to a greater extent. Therefore, this paper designs a new economic analysis system based on cloud computing, which can enable small- and medium-sized enterprises to master the business information transmitted by customer economy and improve the quality of monitoring service. Experiments in this paper show that the designed system can reduce the cost of remote communication, interact with SMS, and realize dual channel communication.
Intelligent Big Data Framework for the Technical Design of Public Management Applications in Sports
Authors: Qiao Jinyu
Published: April 2022

Public sports services (PSS) are an important element in the development of China’s public service industry and promoting theoretical research on PSS at the present time has just become an inevitable requirement for the development of sports. The main purpose of the work in this paper is the study of public management data in sport through intelligent big data analysis, with the participation of knowledge graphs, migrating relevant algorithms from other application areas, and optimizing them on this basis. It provides an objective review and analysis of the weaknesses of current sport public management research, etc. Based on informative data sources and in-depth theoretical analysis, it provides an objective description and analysis of the current situation of the development of sport public management services and an outlook on the future development of public sport services.
English Semantic Analysis Algorithm and Application Based on Improved Attention Mechanism Model
Authors: Chen Tingting , Du Lixia
Published: April 2022

This work provides an enhanced attention model by addressing the drawbacks of standard English semantic analysis methods. This work provides the semantic component analysis and intelligent algorithm structure in order to investigate the intelligent algorithm of sentence component-focused English semantic analysis. In addition, the whole process of intelligently analyzing English semantics is investigated. In the process of English semantic analysis, semantic ambiguity, poor semantic analysis accuracy, and incorrect quantifiers are continually optimized and solved based on semantic analysis. It improves the accuracy of English semantic analysis. In the long sentence semantic analysis test, improving the performance of attention mechanism semantic analysis model is also ideal. It is proved that the performance of the proposed algorithm model is obviously improved compared with the traditional model in order to continuously promote the accuracy and quality of English language semantic analysis.
Automatic Surgery and Anesthesia Emergence Duration Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Huang Li , Chen Xiaomin , Liu Wenzhi , Shih Po-Chou , Bao Jiaxin
Published: April 2022

Cost control is becoming increasingly important in hospital management. Hospital operating rooms have high resource consumption because they are a major part of a hospital. Thus, the optimal use of operating rooms can lead to high resource savings. However, because of the uncertainty of the operation procedures, it is difficult to arrange for the use of operating rooms in advance. In general, the durations of both surgery and anesthesia emergence determine the time requirements of operating rooms, and these durations are difficult to predict. In this study, we used an artiﬁcial neural network to construct a surgery and anesthesia emergence duration-prediction system. We propose an intelligent data preprocessing algorithm to balance and enhance the training dataset automatically. The experimental results indicate that the prediction accuracies of the proposed serial prediction systems are acceptable in comparison to separate systems.
Design of Informatization College and University Teaching Management System Based on Improved Decision Tree Algorithm
Authors: Liu Yafei , Ren Zhaoxu , Li Jiye , Li Jun
Published: April 2022

At present, the teaching management system used in colleges cannot classify and store the teaching material information well and also has some problems, such as inaccurate calculation results of resource information weight, long response time, and large data query error. Therefore, this study designs an information college teaching management system based on improved decision tree algorithm. The hardware structure of the system consists of information communication structure, information teaching resource sharing structure, processor, and crystal oscillator circuit, and the core module is the data output control module. This study designs the system software based on the improved decision tree algorithm, creates a decision tree recursively, uses the CART decision tree to calculate the weight of teaching resource information, and constructs the fitness objective function of teaching resource information according to the mean clustering algorithm, so as to accurately extract the teaching resource information and realize the efficient processing of college teaching resource. The experimental results show that the response time of the system in this study is only 8 ms, the maximum convergence value is only 40, there is only one wrong data in the data query, and the storage time is 40 s. This system has a short response time, fast convergent rate, and a low probability of data search error when more than one client access the database at the same time.
Analysis of Students’ Role Perceptions and their Tendencies in Classroom Education Based on Visual Inspection
Authors: Jiang Lanlan
Published: April 2022

This paper presents an in-depth study and analysis of students’ role perceptions and their tendencies in classroom education using a visual inspection approach. A multi example learning student engagement assessment method based on a one-dimensional convolutional neural network is proposed. Based on the conceptual composition of student engagement, head posture, eye gaze, and eye-opening and closing states and the most used facial movement units are used as visual features. For feature extraction, the proposed view of relative change features, based on the video features extracted from the Open Face toolset, the standard deviation of the distance between adjacent multiple frames relative to the center point of the three visual features is used as the relative change features of the video. This results in the phenomenon that students are highly motivated in the early stage and significantly increase the rate of absenteeism in the later stage. With the development of information technology injecting new vitality into educational innovation, many researchers have introduced computer vision and image processing technology into students’ online learning activities, and understand students’ current learning situation by analyzing students’ learning status. There are relatively few studies in this area in classroom teaching. Considering the low relative position correlation of the features in the examples, the examples are analyzed using a one-dimensional convolutional neural network to obtain the example-level student engagement, and a multi-example pooling layer is used to infer the student engagement in the video from the example-level student engagement. Finally, the experimental method is used to apply the student classroom attention evaluation detection system to actual classroom teaching activities, and the effectiveness and accuracy of the design of the student classroom attention evaluation detection system are investigated in depth through specific applications and example analysis, and the accuracy of the method of this paper is further verified by communicating feedback with teachers and students in the form of interviews.
Construction Principles of Physical Fitness Training Objective System Based on Machine Learning and Data Mining
Authors: Wang Jian xin , Sun Feng
Published: April 2022

The objective is to address the issue of simplification of physical education classes offered by large colleges and universities. The evaluation standard of physical education curriculum is not unified. The physical education management system focuses on the functions of collecting information, sorting, and statistics and has low timeliness and guiding significance. This paper puts forward an analysis of the construction principle of physical fitness training target system based on machine learning and data mining. This paper uses informational analysis to statistically analyze the healthy behavior of college students, to guide the physical education of college students, and to propose a model for the analysis of healthy sports behavior of college students based on data mining technology. Create a decision tree template for students whose cardiovascular function does not meet the standard using the decision tree algorithm. The association rule algorithm is used to mine the association of five indexes of physical health, so as to judge the hidden law between students’ physical fitness and behavior habits and get the correlation information of various physical health indicators. The simulation results show that, through the prediction of college students’ healthy sports behavior data, when the sample point is 5, the original value data is 16, which is higher than the estimated value, the convergence of the overall data characteristic distribution is good, and the disturbance error is low. Therefore, using this method to analyze the application of college students’ healthy sports behavior has a high accuracy of sports-related data mining and can effectively guide college students’ sports management and training.