bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMAL SEPARATION AS A CONDITION FOR THE DISSOLUTION OF MARRIAGE IN THE LEGISLATION OF EUROPEAN UNION MEMBER STATES (DENMARK, IRELAND AND ITALY)
Authors: Verba-Sydor O. , Vorobel U.
Published: May 2020

The institution of separation legislative provisions of those EU member states that have chosen a separation legal regulation model, according to which the direct dependence of divorce on separation is recognized. It means that the spouse who wishes to dissolve the marriage must be in a state of separation issued by competent authority decision for some time (formal separation). Such EU member states as Denmark, Ireland, Italy have chosen the defined model for legal regulation of separation. Based on this study, the characteristic features of this model for legal regulation of separation are highlighted, namely: the main purpose of the separation institute in the legislation of these states is to provide spouses with time to decide on the future for their marriage: either divorce or reconciliation; a separate residence regime may be established by a decision of the competent authority (court, prosecutor, public administration) by mutual agreement or at the request of one of the spouses, despite the objections of the other; the existence of a clear list of grounds in the legislation to establish separation on the application of one of the spouses; the existence of any consequences of the individual residence regime is linked to the determination of the fault of one or both spouses in the establishment of a separate residence regime on one or another basis; separation would result in the termination of the marital property regime, the termination of the marriage contract, except for the provisions re- lating to the separate residence regime, and the termination of the paternity presumption. Although this model for legal regulation of separation is still relevant, the trend toward the simplification of legal regulation of divorce proceed- ings, has led to the complete rejection of separation as one of the prerequisites for divorce (in the event of mutual consent of the spouses to the termination of marriage) or reduction of spouse's stay in separation.
Prospects for the use of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate with osteoarthritis associated with pathology of the kidneys and urinary system
Authors: Torshin I. Yu. , Lila A. М. , Limanova O. A. , Gromova O. A.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine sulfate (GS), widely used as chondroprotectors, can maintain the normal functioning of the urinary system but their effect has not been analyzed systematically.

Aim: to perform a systematic analysis of the possibilities of using CS and GS in patients with pathology of the kidneys and urinary system.

Materials and methods. Predictive analysis of 2,093 publications on the interactions of CS/GS with the functioning of the kidneys and other organs of the urinary system found at the request “(urinary OR bladder OR kidney) AND (glucosamine OR chondroitin)” by methods of the theory of topological data analysis.

Results. Disorders of cholesterol and glucosamine metabolism are characteristic of cystitis, glomerular nephritis, urinary tract infections (UTIs), urolithiasis, proteinuria, and formation of diabetic nephropathy. In addition to inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cascade NF-kB, CS/GS contribute to eliminating the deficiency of glycosaminoglycans in the pathology of urothelium, inhibit urolithiasis, inhibit the synthesis of pro-inflammatory nitric oxide NO in macrophages, and modulate O-glycosylation processes.

Conclusion. The results of fundamental and clinical studies show that subsidies of CS/GS substances of pharmacological quality per os and CS instillation in the bladder (in particular, in combination with hyaluronic acid) are the means of choice for patients suffering from osteoarthritis and diseases of the urinary system. Highly purified pharmacological CS substances are part of the preparation Chondroguard.
Los primeros auxilios en el currículo de la educación obligatoria en España
Authors: Rodríguez Lorenzo Lois , Ruibal Lista Brais , Toro Sofía
Published: May 2020

La formación en primeros auxilios es fundamental para poder intervenir en un primer momento en situaciones de emergencia y es por ello que numerosas instituciones han señalado a la educación obligatoria como una de las claves para llevar a cabo dicha formación. En esta investigación se ha analizado la evolución de la presencia de los primeros auxilios en la legislación educativa en España, que han ido perdiendo peso en el currículo educativo desde la LGE, en 1970, hasta la LOE, en 2006, especialmente en el bachillerato y han recuperado su importancia desde ese año hasta la actual LOMCE, de 2013, donde se incluyen estos contenidos en la educación primaria y la educación secundaria obligatoria. Aunque los contenidos se incluyen principalmente en la asignatura de educación física, actualmente se dividen en varias asignaturas del currículo. La evidencia científica actual nos dice que, aunque estos contenidos están presentes en el currículo, no se suelen aplicar por falta de material y también en la formación en el profesorado para impartirlos, sin embargo, ciertas comunidades autónomas aportan material y formación para que puedan ser los propios docentes los que impartan las maniobras de primeros auxilios en las escuelas. Por todo esto, creemos que los primeros auxilios deben ser un contenido obligatorio y relevante en las escuelas y que deben ser los docentes, formados previamente, los que impartan dichos contenidos.
Patrones de desplazamiento al centro educativo en adolescentes de Huesca
Authors: Montañés Laura Simón , Solana Alberto Aibar , Catalán Ángel Abós , González Luis García , Serrano Javier Sevil
Published: May 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue describir el tipo de desplazamiento utilizado por los adolescentes de Huesca para ir y volver del centro educativo, así como analizar su asociación con el género y el curso académico. Participaron 1.709 adolescentes (Medad=14.20; DT=1.56; 51.7% chicas) de 1º de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) a 1º de Bachillerato. Los estudiantes cumplimentaron un cuestionario sobre el modo habitual de desplazamiento en la ida y vuelta al instituto. Los resultados señalaron que un 76.4% de los adolescentes se desplazaba activamente (i.e., andando o en bicicleta) tanto en la ida como en la vuelta. De los adolescentes que se desplazaban activamente, un 78.5% en la ida y un 81.7% en la vuelta lo hacía caminando. En relación con el género, se encontró una asociación positiva entre ir andando al centro educativo y ser chica, así como entre ir en bicicleta y ser chico. En relación con el curso académico, desplazarse andando al centro educativo se asoció positivamente con 4º de ESO y negativamente con 1º de Bachillerato. Asimismo, desplazarse en bicicleta se asoció positivamente con 1º de Bachillerato y negativamente con 3º de ESO. Aunque la mayoría de los adolescentes se desplaza activamente al instituto, parece necesario promover programas escolares que incentiven el desplazamiento activo de los jóvenes dada las características favorables de movilidad de la ciudad de Huesca. De igual modo, parece necesaria la promoción de la bicicleta como modo de desplazamiento al instituto, especialmente en las chicas y en los estudiantes de ESO.
Role-playing y diálogo como protagonistas en la evaluación entre iguales: una experiencia de aprendizaje cooperativo
Authors: Hernandez Gandara Ana , Cañabate Ortiz Dolors
Published: May 2020

El trabajo en grupos interdisciplinares, la toma de decisiones, la resolución de problemas, las habilidades interpersonales, la capacidad crítica y autocrítica, el liderazgo, etc., son competencias que exigen a docentes de escuela y universidad la redefinición continua de nuevos métodos de evaluación, que permitan valorar la adquisición de habilidades, capacidades y conocimientos por parte del alumnado. El objetivo de esta intervención se centra en la implementación y valoración de una metodología cooperativa y evaluación dialogada basada en dinámicas de role-playing. Se contextualiza en la asignatura de Juegos y habilidades motrices básicas del segundo curso del Grado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte de la Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes durante el curso 2019. En esta investigación descriptiva han participado 44 estudiantes, que debían de diseñar, organizar e impartir una práctica cooperativa (3-4 estudiantes por grupo) al resto de compañeros. Al final de semestre, se llevó a cabo una encuesta de valoración del proceso mediante un cuestionario perteneciente al Proyecto de Innovación Educativa “Alumnos que enseñan a alumnos” de la misma universidad. Los resultados reflejan una alta satisfacción del estudiantado respecto a la enseñanza y evaluación entre iguales, reconociendo una mayor implicación personal en su propio aprendizaje y en el de los demás.
Innovaciones didácticas en Educación Física, observación con el software LINCE PLUS
Authors: Soto Alberto , Camerino Oleguer , Castañer Marta
Published: May 2020

Los recursos digitales y la incorporación de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) facilitan el aprendizaje autónomo del alumnado en el aula y el aumento de su motivación provocando una mejora en el aprendizaje. Los profesionales de la docencia de la educación física no están al margen de la incorporación de las TIC en su práctica profesional para favorecer el aprendizaje cooperativo de los alumnos y la coevaluación incentivando el desarrollo de sus habilidades motrices. El objetivo de este estudio fue proponer la introducción de filmaciones realizadas por los alumnos y su posterior análisis mediante un recurso tecnológico y gratuito, el software LINCE PLUS. El docente propone por grupos la ejecución de una habilidad y la coevaluación de sus compañeros con el registro en vídeo, mediante móviles o tablets, y su posterior observación y análisis mejorando el proceso de aprendizaje autónomo y cooperativo sobre sus propias ejecuciones motrices. Con esta experiencia se produce un incremento de la motivación de los alumnos y la generación de un nuevo escenario en el que los alumnos pueden tener un feedback directo sobre su ejecución, favoreciendo el aprendizaje por descubrimiento y la acción coevaluadora en un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje motivante.
Control of ventricular rate in permanent atrial fibrillation: cardio­protec­tion and tissue hemodynamics
Authors: Kanorskiy S. G. , Polischuk L. V.
Published: May 2020

Objective To evaluate myocardial injury and tissue hemodynamics in elderly patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) based on the achieved range of ventricular contraction rate (VCR).Materials and Methods This prospective, randomized, blind study included 75 patients aged ≥60 with permanent AF. All patients were prescribed bisoprolol as a VCR-reducing therapy. Patients were randomized to two groups according to the permuted-block design based on the range of resting VCR goal: group 1, 60–79 bpm (n=38) and group 2, 80–100 bpm (n=37). All patients also received perindopril and apixaban. Troponin I concentration was measured using the high-sensitivity assay (hsTn); parameters of tissue hemodynamics, including the mean blood flow velocity (Vm) and pulsatility index (PI), were measured using high-frequency ultrasound doppler flowmetry; echocardiographic indexes of left heart remodeling were recorded at baseline and after 6 month of VCR monitoring.Results Mean age of patients was 74±7 years. Medians [25th percentile; 75th percentile] of baseline hsTn concentrations were 10.2 [5.25; 21.2] ng / l in group 1 and 10.3 [5.4; 20.4] ng / ml in group 2 (p=0.91). 89.5 % of patients in group 1 and 100 % of patients in group 2 achieved the VCR range goal. At 6 month, resting VCRs were 70±4 bpm in group 1 (n=34) and 88±5 bpm in group 2 (n=37) (p1, p2<0.001). According to echocardiographic data significant progression of myocardial remodeling was not observed. Concentrations of hsTn significantly decreased in both groups but the decrease was more pronounced in group 1, to 8.0 [4.13; 17.23; p1<0.001] ng / l vs. 9.2 [4.8, 17.5] ng / l in group 2 (р1, p2<0.001). A weak direct correlation was found between the VCR decrease and hsTn concentration (rs=0.44; p=0.009 in group 1, and rs=0.41; p=0.01 in group 2); regression coefficient was 0.78 at 95 % confidence interval (CI), from 0.21 to 1.3 (p=0.009) in group 1, and 0.14 at 95 % CI, from 0.04 to 0.24 (p=0.007) in group 2. Vm values were increased to 2.93±0.10 (p<0.001) and 3.21±0.09 cm / sec (p<0.001) and PIs were decreased to 1.42±0.03 conv. units (p<0.01) and to 1.34±0.02 conv. units (p<0.001) in groups 1 and 2, respectively.Conclusion The treatment aimed at VCR control in patients older than 60 with permanent AF was associated with a positive dynamics of myocardial injury (hsTn) and tissue hemodynamics indexes (Vm и РI). This indicates a possibility for using these indexes for further improvement of managing such patients.
Primary prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases and acetylsalicylic acid: ambiguity of opinions
Authors: Larina V. N. , Gaydina T. A. , Mkrtychev D. S. , Kuznetsova V. A. , Snezhko Z. V.
Published: May 2020

Chronic noninfectious diseases (cardiovascular, bronchopulmonary, oncological diseases and diabetes mellitus) are presently the most common cause of death worldwide, with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) being predominant. For this reason, the key goal of a physician is not only to treat but also to prevent diseases. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is considered one of the most effective drugs for secondary prevention of CVD. However, the use of ASA for primary prevention is still debated. Results of many studies of ASA are inconsistent. Some studies have suggested that using ASA in patients aged 40-70 with a high 10-year risk of CVD and a low risk of bleeding may reduce the incidence of CVD. Administration of ASA to patients with a high or medium risk of CVD is also considered.
Use of hydroxychloroquine for novel corona virus infection in India: is it ethically justifiable?
Authors: Verma Ramesh , Chayal Vinod , Kalhan Meenakshi , Dhaka Rohit , Agrawal Ginni , Jain Piyush , Singh Tarun
Published: May 2020

Coronavirus disease is caused by a novel virus belonging to the family of corona viruses similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and  name given to the novel virus as SARS Coronavirus- 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the disease was named as COVID-19 on 11th February 2020 by World Health Organization (WHO). First case of this infection was reported in December 2019 in Wuhan city of China and after that it spread globally.3 On 30th January 2020, WHO declared this disease as Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) and on 11th March 2020, WHO declared it as a pandemic when the infection was reported from all six WHO regions.
Comparative study of fixation of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur by proximal femur nail versus dynamic hip screw
Authors: Shivakumar H. B. , Yatish Ramalingaiah , Seetharam Channappa T. , Jayaram Manju , Kamath K. Amith
Published: May 2020

Background: Intertrochanteric fractures are common in old age group, but uncommon in younger age group. The goal of treatment of intertrochanteric fractures is restoration to pre-injury status at the earliest. The purpose of this study is to compare the functional outcome of the two fixation devices proximal femur nail (PFN) and dynamic hip screw available for intertrochanteric fractures in terms of the eventual functional outcome of the patient.

Methods: Prospective study of 30 cases of Intertrochanteric fractures admitted and operated in KIMS hospital from November 2017 to May 2019. Follow-up of these patients was done at 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks with functional evaluation was done using Harris hip score at the 24th week.

Results: The results at the end of 24 weeks follow-up were calculated by the Harris hip score were better with the PFN. 66.7% of the patients operated with PFN gave excellent results as compared to 60% of patients operated with dynamic hip screw (DHS).

Conclusions: We conclude that the use of PFN for the fixation of trochanteric fractures against the proven DHS offered better results along with a few advantages. PFN required smaller incision, shorter duration of surgery, less blood loss and faster recovery and better functional outcome at the end of 24 weeks. But still PFN is technically more demanding than the DHS and was found to have longer fluoroscopy exposure.

 

 
ECONOMIA E ASPECTOS DA URBANIZAÇÃO NA MICRORREGIÃO DE PAU DOS FERROS, RIO GRANDE DO NORTE, BRASIL
Authors: Souto Lucas Valente , De Sousa Júnior Almir Mariano , De Lima Júnior Francisco Do O'
Published: May 2020

O processo de formação do espaço urbano e o aumento da taxa de urbanização em grande parte do mundo são marcados pela industrialização. No caso brasileiro, aconteceu mais intensamente a partir da segunda metade do século XX, levando grande parte da população rural migrar para as áreas urbanas. Nos municípios da região semiárida brasileira, o processo de urbanização com eventual migração ocorreu também devido ao fator climático da região, devido os longos períodos de secas. O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar o processo de urbanização da microrregião de Pau dos Ferros/RN e seus rebatimentos na dinâmica local, tendo como base a perda da representatividade do setor rural/agropecuário, causado pelas intempéries do clima. Usou-se dados de órgãos oficiais (IBGE; ATLAS Brasil) com exploração descritiva. Verificou-se que houve significativo processo de urbanização concomitante com a perda de representatividade do setor primário em detrimento dos outros setores que compõem o PIB.
POR ONDE ANDAM OS RIOS DE SALVADOR?
Authors: SIlva Ana Licks Almeida , Mello Marcia Maria Couto , Almeida Raissa Da Matta
Published: May 2020

A expansão urbana e a densificação desordenada nas cidades, associadas a um sistema de drenagem urbano ineficiente, tem provocado mudanças no ciclo hidrológico, acentuadas por fatores como impermeabilização do solo, descarte inadequado de resíduos sólidos e canalização do escoamento. Todos esses fatores contribuem para uma drástica alteração da paisagem urbana, a exemplo da canalização e do encapsulamento de rios que perderam sua identidade e sucumbiram a um urbanismo predatório. Com foco na modernização dos sistemas de drenagem e na redução de tais impactos, surge uma abordagem sustentável que busca incorporar aspectos da resiliência. Este artigo propõe discutir criticamente a relação da cidade de Salvador e seus rios, analisando a lógica subjacente à drenagem urbana e a logica que subjaz o processo de concepção do planejamento urbano.
POTENCIALIDADES REGIONAIS PARA A ENERGIA SOLAR FOTOVOLTAICA NA BAIXADA FLUMINENSE, RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Cunha Mauro Rezende , Concolato Caíque De Oliveira Fernandes , Mello José André Villas Boas
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar os dados referentes aos sistemas solares fotovoltaicos no Brasil, com enfoque para os municípios da Baixada Fluminense do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Através de uma analise exploratória levanta informações sobre as características dos geradores de energia solar fotovoltaica, como quantidade de instalações, número de módulos, potência instalada, entre outros componentes que auxiliam na análise do panorama atual nessa região do Rio de Janeiro. O trabalho discute a situação da exploração dos dados disponíveis acerca da capacidade instalada per capita em conjunto com uma análise do recurso solar em cada uma dessas localidades, através da identificação da irradiância solar, que permite melhor desempenho dos módulos fotovoltaicos. O resultado desse estudo apresenta os fatores que levaram os lugares com melhores índices de aproveitamento de energia solar a atingir a esse posto, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento urbano em suas regiões.
ASCENSÃO E QUEDA DE UM CENTRO INDUSTRIAL URBANO: A PENÍNSULA DE ITAPAGIPE EM SALVADOR/BAHIA
Authors: De Souza José Gileá , De Souza Laumar Neves , Spinola Noelio Dantasle
Published: May 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar aspectos sobre a história e o patrimônio industrial da Península de Itapagipe, descrevendo a trajetória de sua ocupação. Para dar conta dessa empreitada, lançou-se mão de uma abordagem histórico-documental, o que contemplou um estudo do passado e do presente dessa península, com vistas a resgatar parte da história das organizações industriais que lá existiram. Ao realizar esse exercício investigativo, foi possível constatar que esse território experimentou várias transformações, que se fizeram acompanhar e/ou implicaram em mutações no seu tecido urbano, seja por que derivaram de mudanças importantes em termos demográficos, seja porque determinaram novas aplicações e usos para o solo, as quais, é bom que se diga, nem sempre estiveram em sintonia com o que determinava o crivo da legislação que normatizava essa questão.
Grammar component in the structure of students’ language education
Authors: Khramtcova A. B.
Published: May 2020

In the article the author views the peculiarities of formation of sociocultural literacy that seems to be knowledge of national and cultural characteristics of the country of the studied language, the culture of speech behavior. Its structure contains value, cognitive, activity and subjective-personal aspects. Studies have proven that the presence of social literacy contributes to the actual self-realization of a person. However, until today in the scientific community there is no exact definition of the concept of "literacy". Today, the quality of literacy has changed in connection with the development of society and the needs of the individual; it should contribute to its inclusion in the cultural life of the country for its progress and its self-development. Sociocultural literacy is a matter of the general education of a person who is not only able to solve normative problems in a quality manner, but also those that are dictated by global social processes, integration into the world community. In the article the author defines literacy as preparedness for development, and competence as a level of culture. Thus, she proves the necessity of relying on cultural and competency-based approaches to the formation of students' sociocultural competence, which will be facilitated by the synthesis of the activity and personality components of readiness for a certain behavior during communication with representatives of other cultures.
Expressive means in Margaret Thatcher’s speech
Authors: Gadzhieva A. D.
Published: May 2020

Contemporary linguistics and stylistics provide no ambiguous interpretation of the expressivity concept and all of its definitions intersect with the concepts of emotionality, imagery, intensity, expressiveness, etc. Currently, deliberate attention is focused on the study of expressivity issue in both domestic and foreign linguistics, however, despite the rich theoretical material; there are no clear concepts and terms. Many contradictions are found in the very definition of expressivity: a number of scientists associate expressivity with both the functional side of the language and the semantics of words, while others describe it in terms of linguistic stylistics and lexicology. In the context of these problematic issues, the aim of the article was to develop an integrated approach to the conceptual interpretation of expressivity, means of expressivity, as well as to provide a clear demarcation between the first of the concepts and the term of emotionality.
In this article, based on the analysis of literary sources, the following tasks has been implemented: we considered approaches to the interpretation of the expressivity concept, after which, during a contextual and stylistic analysis, we identified the key expressive means on the basis of four speeches announced by the famous British politician, Margaret Thatcher, which allowed to identify lexical and syntactic means creating expressiveness in the statements of the mentioned politician. The main research method in this article was a descriptive analysis, as well as a component analysis, which provides for the consideration of connotative interpretation focused on the speech units used by Margaret Thatcher in public.
In the framework of this article, the most memorable speeches of the politician were analyzed in order to understand how she managed to manipulate the audience. In addition, the lexical and syntactic features of Margaret Thatchers linguistic image, as one of the most famous politicians, and, no less important, speakers, are revealed. In particular, anaphoras, epiphoras, rhetorical constructions, parentheses, emotionally marked vocabulary, metaphors, comparative figures of speech and elements of citation are highlighted, which allowed the policy-maker to attract the attention of the audience, increase her credibility, discredit opponents, etc.
Formation of the components of engineering expertise of generation Z students
Authors: Faritov A. T.
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the features of generation Z of secondary school age and their influence on the formation of engineering competence. The necessity of introducing classes for the formation of engineering competence from the 5th grade is justified. The importance of the problem is due to the lack of case studies on the impact of age and psychological characteristics of generation Z on the process of forming engineering competence in extracurricular activities of students in grades 59. The analysis of thematic scientific literature has shown that in most cases the work is limited to the study of local aspects of the declared topic. Therefore, the main goal was to study the age peculiarities of pupils of generation Z in the formation of engineering competence (within the framework of extracurricular activities of pupils of 59 classes). Methodological base of the research is represented by a set of general scientific methods (description, comparison, generalization and system analysis) and a private scientific method descriptive content analysis. Scientific novelty defines a set of qualities that are inherent to representatives of generation Z in middle school age and have a direct impact on the development of design and research skills of students in extracurricular activities. The practical and theoretical significance of the obtained results lies in the possibility of using them as a basis for drawing up methodological programs of students, writing fundamental compilation and original scientific papers, as well as creating a new classification of characteristics of representatives of the new generation in the educational process. The main conclusions: work on the formation of engineering competence and each of its components separately must begin at secondary school age; for a deeper and better development of the components of engineering competence, you should refer to the resources of extracurricular activities; generation Z needs a special approach to the formation of engineering competence in view of its inherent interests, needs and psychological and age characteristics.
Hace 50 años
Authors: Peralta Abello María Teresa
Published: May 2020

Doy comienzo a este editorial con las siguientes palabras:"Hay hombres que luchan un día y son buenos; hay hombres que luchan un año y son mejores, hay hombres que luchan muchos años y son muy buenos; pero hay los que luchan toda la vida y esos son los imprescindibles."Por lo anterior es motivo de gran complacencia rendir un homenaje de reconocimiento a todos aquellos que por su gran espíritu de colaboración y con sus valiosos aportes forman parte de la revista de la Sociedad Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología, de la cual estamos conmemorando los 50 años de la edición del primer número en forma ininterrumpida.Antes de continuar quiero hacer un homenaje a aquellos que desde la eternidad fuesen sus directores y leales colaboradores; hacemos alusión a las personas de Rodulfo Camero Castaño, Luis Armando Muñoz González, Fernando Cardona Arango, y muy especialmente a Celmira Lozano, secretaria de la Sociedad por muchos años.Bien, la historia comienza en el pabellón de Maternidad del Hospital San Juan de Dios, cuando por iniciativa del entonces jefe de la clínica obstétrica, Rafael Peralta Cayón, el 30 de marzo de 1943 se reunieron varios obstetras y entre los internos figuraba el Dr. Gonzalo Echeverry Parra quien nos acompaña en la mesa de honor. Ya se tenía el antecedente desde 1940 de la intención de fundar una Sociedad pero por dificultades de índole personal entre sus gestores no fructificó. Los motivos presentados por Peralta Cayón eran los de crear la Sociedad de Obstetricia, con miras a elevar el nivel científico de la especialidad y defender los intereses de sus asociados. Una vez estudiado un proyecto de estatutos es elegido como presidente el profesor José del Carmen Acosta, vicepresidente el de la iniciativa y como secretario Ramón Francisco Sánchez. Hacia 1945 las directivas consideran la necesidad de publicar un boletín científico y nombrar a Rafael Ramírez Merchán, a Santiago Lleras Codazzi y a Hernando Acosta en el Comité de Redacción. Circunstancias de índole económica impiden llevarlo a cabo. En 1947 los ginecólogos en cabeza de Arturo Aparicio Jaramillo se integran a la Sociedad de Obstetricia y se cambia el nombre a Sociedad Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología.Después de ardua labor por fin en enero de 1950 y bajo la presidencia de Rafael Ramírez Merchán se publica como órgano oficial de difusión de la Sociedad Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología el primer número de la Revista. En su editorial titulado "Nuestro Primer Número" en algunos de sus apartes se describe: "han de saber todos los especialistas del país, que esta es su propia Revista y todos los médicos que quieran honrarnos con su colaboración serán acogidos con entusiasmo y gratitud".
Laparoscopia quirúrgica en ginecología: entrenamiento, certificación y acreditación
Authors: Saavedra Saavedra Jaime
Published: May 2020

En la actualidad es obvio e inevitable idear e implementar un protocolo racional bien estructurado que nos permita obtener un entrenamiento, certificación y acreditación en cirugía endoscópica.Hoy día el buen nombre del cirujano y de la institución quirúrgica depende del entrenamiento y acreditación en endoscopia quirúrgica ginecológica y del deseo por alcanzar la excelencia.Si nosotros como cirujanos ginecólogos endoscopistas no establecemos rápidamente la pautas, otras partes interesadas llámese gobierno, medicina prepagada, empresas prestadoras de salud, se encargaran de establecer los procedimientos unilateralmente.
Selected socio-economic aspects of the risk of hypertension
Authors: Tsygankova D. P. , Fedorova N. V.
Published: May 2020

Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common diseases and a risk factor leading to disabling and fatal complications. Large-scale epidemiological studies in all countries convincingly prove the need for early prevention and treatment of this pathological condition. In conditions of rapid urbanization, it is necessary to look for individual measures for the prevention and treatment. In addition to the main risk factors for HTN, such as low physical activity and increased body weight, smoking, alcohol abuse, as well as sex and age, there is convincing evidence that the level of education, economic status, professional affiliation, living conditions are also potential predictors of HTN. The review presents an analysis of the main socio-economic risk factors for HTN and the mechanisms of their influence on blood pressure. The article discusses each factor, its impact on blood pressure and the body as a whole, as well as approaches for the identification of these factors.
Lipids in preeclampsia: pathogenic parallels to atherosclerosis
Authors: Shcherbakov V. I. , Polonskaya Ya. V. , Kashtanova E. V. , Shirinskaya A. V.
Published: May 2020

Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most common and serious complications of pregnancy. In women with a history of PE the risk of cardiovascular disease is increased, and atherosclerosis can be induced even during fetal development. The exact mechanisms by which PE increases future cardiovascular risk are unknown, although multiple similarities between mechanisms responsible for cardiovascular disease and PE are reported. Risk factors for PE, such as obesity, insulin resistance, thrombophilia, changes in the lipid spectrum are similar to those for atherosclerosis, which allows us to compare these two conditions to clarify the specifics and is important for understanding the pathogenesis of both pathologies. PE, as well as atherosclerosis, manifests as endothelial dysfunction, abnormal immune function, oxidative stress, activation of inflammation, changes in lipid metabolism. Recent studies have provided a broader understanding of the problem, although there are still many open questions. The etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases, their possible relationship are not fully understood. The article provides a summary of possible common mechanisms of PE and atherosclerosis.
Majör Depresif Bozuklukta Mükemmeliyetçilik
Authors: SAY Gülen
Published: May 2020

Mükemmeliyetçilik, bireylerin kendileri ya da başkaları için ulaşılması zor hedefler belirlemesi ve bu hedefleri gerçekleştirmek için aşırı çaba göstermesidir. Bireyler işlevsiz mükemmeliyetçi düşünceleri nedeniyle yaşamlarında sorunlar yaşayabilmektedir. Majör depresif bozukluğun neden olan faktörlerden biri işlevsel olmayan düşünme biçimidir. Bu bağlamda işlevsel olmayan mükemmeliyetçi düşüncenin majör depresif bozukluk için bir risk faktörü olabileceği söylenebilir. Çok sayıdaki araştırma sonuçları majör depresif bozukluk ile mükemmeliyetçilik arasındaki ilişkiyi göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak bu gözden geçirme çalışmasında mükemmeliyetçilik ve alt boyutlarının majör depresif bozuklukla ilişkisi kapsamlı olarak incelenmiştir.
Exploratory Study on Wetlands Area Decrease in Bogotá due to Construction Activity: 1950-2016
Authors: García-Ubaque César Augusto , Ladino-Moreno Edgar Orlando , Zamudio-Huertas Eduardo
Published: May 2020

The aim of the study was to quantify in an explorative way the damage of the wetland area because of drying and construction activities from 1950 to 2016 in Bogotá city. To such end, an estimate of the wetland area of Bogotá was made for the years 1950, 1989 and 2016 by reviewing the geographic information of the Agustín Codazzi Geographical Institute (IGAC) and the Aqueduct and Sewer Bogotá Company (EAAB). The information was analyzed of the area variation for each water body. The data shows that the city's water mirror area has decreased by an average of 84.52% between the years of 1950, 1989 and 2016, except for El Tunjo wetland, which grew 79.45%. This situation shows that the protection that has been implemented happened too late, since a considerable portion of these ecosystems rich in fauna and flora is lost. This has generated phenomena such as: flooding of settlements in these areas, disappearance, or displacement of endemic species of flora and fauna and displacement of wetlands.
Género = Gender
Authors: Marugán Pintos Begoña
Published: May 2020

Resumen: El género es la construcción social que los distintos sistemas sociales realizan basándose en el sexo biológico. Durante décadas ha sido una categoría muy útil para analizar la realidad social. De hecho, el concepto género está considerado desde los años 70 una de las categorías centrales de las teorías feministas. Para describir este concepto es útil realizar un recorrido a partir de algunas autoras relevantes. El germen del concepto se encuentra en El segundo sexo de Simone de Beauvoir. En los años sesenta el feminismo ya manejó este concepto, pero mientras las teóricas de la diferencia defendieron su existencia y reforzaron la misma para conseguir la libertad de las mujeres, las de la igualdad –como Kate Millet y Gayle Rubin– abogaron por borrar las diferencias de género. En los años noventa, se ha ido más allá y se cuestiona la utilidad del propio concepto. Algunas de esas críticas se encuentran en El género en disputa de Judith Butler. La discriminación no es sólo de género, también es de raza, clase, orientación sexual, etc. Además, Butler se plantea la necesidad de indagar en las relaciones entre género y sexualidad. Palabras clave: Género, sexo, teoría sexo-género, feminismos, discriminación hacia las mujeres. Abstract: Gender is the social construction based on biological sex. For decades it has been a very useful category to analyze social reality. The concept of gender has been considered one of the central categories of feminist theories since the 70s. It is useful to review the descriptions made by some relevant authors to describe this concept. The germ of this concept is found in the book The second sex of Simone de Beauvoir. Feminism already used this concept in the sixties. While the theorists of the difference defended their existence and reinforced it to obtain the freedom of the women, feminists of equality –like Kate Millet and Gayle Rubin– opted to erase gender differences. In the 1990s, the usefulness of this concept was questioned. Some of those criticisms are found in Judith Butler's Disputed Gender. Discrimination is not only gender, it is also race, class, sexual orientation, etc. In addition, Butler proposes to investigate more about the relationship between sex and sexuality. Keywords: Gender, sex, sex-gender theory, feminisms, discrimination against women.
Identification of Novel Cancer-Related Genes with a Prognostic Role Using Gene Expression and Protein-Protein Interaction Network Data
Authors: Li Peng , Sun Bo , Guo Maozu
Published: May 2020

Early cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction are necessary for cancer patients. Effective identification of cancer-related genes and biomarkers and survival prediction for cancer patients would facilitate personalized treatment of cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate a method for integrating data regarding gene expression and protein-protein interaction networks to identify cancer-related prognostic genes via random walk with restart algorithm and survival analysis. Known cancer-related genes in protein-protein interaction networks were considered seed genes, and the random walk algorithm was used to identify candidate cancer-related genes. Thereafter, using the univariant Cox regression model, gene expression data were screened to identify survival-related genes. Furthermore, candidate genes and survival-related genes were screened to identify cancer-related prognostic genes. Finally, the effectiveness of the method was verified through gene function analysis and survival prediction. The results indicate that the cancer-related genes can be considered prognostic cancer biomarkers
and provide a basis for cancer diagnosis.
Les recherches sur le bien-être animal : buts, méthodologie et finalité
Authors: VEISSIER I. , BEAUMONT C. , LEVY F.
Published: May 2020

La protection des animaux est inscrite dans la réglementation française et européenne. Elle répond à une attente sociétale majeure dans nos pays occidentaux, attente qui part du principe que les animaux que nous utilisons sont des êtres vivants sensibles à qui l’homme doit assurer un minimum de bien-être. La façon dont un animal appréhende son environnement va influencer son état de bien-être et ce, positivement si l’environnement satisfait ses besoins et ses motivations, mais négativement si l’environnement est perçu comme menaçant, désagréable. Le niveau de bien-être d’un animal est apprécié au travers de nombreuses observations portant sur son comportement, l’état d’activation des systèmes physiologiques, et son état général. Les conditions d’élevage, généralement choisies en fonction d’objectifs de production, peuvent également influencer le bien-être d’un animal. En retour, un bien-être dégradé peut entraîner une moindre productivité. Aussi des solutions d’élevage permettant de concilier production et bien-être animal doivent-elles être mises au point. Ce numéro spécial vise à mieux cerner la notion de bien-être animal et rassemble les principaux travaux entrepris par les membres du réseau Agri Bien-être Animal dans les différentes productions. Les résultats des recherches en bien-être animal sont utilisés lors de l’élaboration de réglementations. Ils doivent également servir au conseil en élevage.
Justifications éthiques des préoccupations concernant le bien-être animal
Authors: LARRERE R.
Published: May 2020

Les animaux domestiques peuvent-ils faire l’objet d’un souci moral ? Pourquoi devrions-nous nous préoccuper de leur bien-être ? Depuis Jeremy Bentham, l’utilitarisme a étendu la considération morale à tous les êtres sensibles. Cette tradition comporte aussi bien des versions radicales (comme celle de Peter Singer, avec sa thèse de la libération animale) que des acceptions plus modérées (comme les différentes façons de prendre en compte le bien-être des animaux).
Dans les recherches qui le concernent, le bien-être animal est défini de trois façons différentes : i) l’absence de mortalité et de morbidité ; ii) l’absence de stress ; iii) la possibilité d’exprimer les comportements naturels de l’espèce. Si les deux premières définitions conduisent à négliger l’intégrité des animaux, la troisième présente l’avantage d’en tenir compte et de prendre en considération les besoins et les comportements sociaux des animaux d’élevage.
Monitoring the skin NADH changes during ischaemia and reperfusion in humans
Authors: Nizinski Jan , Kamieniarz Lukasz , Filberek Piotr , Sibrecht Greta , Guzik Przemysław
Published: May 2020

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH/NAD+) is involved in many important biochemical reactions in human metabolism, including participation in energy production by mitochondria. Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) is a non-invasive method to study dynamic changes in the content of the reduced form of NADH by measuring the optical properties of NADH related to the emission of the autofluorescent light (460 nm) after an earlier excitation by ultraviolet light. This review summarises the available studies using this method to describe its potential and limitations.
A Combination Approach of Two Metaheuristic Algorithm for Optimal Feature Selection: Case Study Email Spam Detection
Authors: Mohmmadzadeh Hekmat
Published: May 2020

Selecting a feature in data mining is one of the most challenging and important activities in pattern recognition. The issue of feature selection is to find the most important subset of the main features in a specific domain, the main purpose of which is to remove additional or unrelated features and ultimately improve the accuracy of the categorization algorithms. As a result, the issue of feature selection can be considered as an optimization problem and to solve it, meta-innovative algorithms can be used. In this paper, a new hybrid model with a combination of whale optimization algorithms and flower pollination algorithms is presented to address the problem of feature selection based on the concept of opposition-based learning. In the proposed method, we tried to solve the problem of optimization of feature selection by using natural processes of whale optimization and flower pollination algorithms, and on the other hand, we used opposition-based learning method to ensure the convergence speed and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. In fact, in the proposed method, the whale optimization algorithm uses the bait siege process, bubble attack method and bait search, creates solutions in its search space and tries to improve the solutions to the feature selection problem, and along with this algorithm, Flower pollination algorithm with two national and local search processes improves the solution of the problem selection feature in contrasting solutions with the whale optimization algorithm. In fact, we used both search space solutions and contrasting search space solutions, all possible solutions to the feature selection problem. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, experiments are performed in two stages. In the first phase, experiments were performed on 10 sets of data selection features from the UCI data repository. In the second step, we tried to test the performance of the proposed algorithm by detecting spam emails. The results obtained from the first step show that the proposed algorithm, by running on 10 UCI data sets, has been able to be more successful in terms of average selection size and classification accuracy than other basic meta-heuristic algorithms. Also, the results obtained from the second step show that the proposed algorithm has been able to perform spam emails more accurately than other similar algorithms in terms of accuracy by detecting spam emails.
Mapping the Spread of COVID-19 Outbreak in India
Authors: Bidhan Vanshika , Malhotra Bhavini , Pandit Mansi , Latha Narayanan
Published: May 2020

Background & Objectives: The global pandemic caused by novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has claimed several lives worldwide. With the virus gathering rapid spread, the world has witnessed increasing number of confirmed cases and mortality rate, India is not far behind with approximately 37,000 affected individuals as on May 2, 2020. The ongoing pandemic has raised several questions which need to be answered by analysis of transmission of the infection. The data has been collected on daily basis from WHO and other sites. We have represented the data collated graphically using statistical packages, R and other online softwares. The present study provides a holistic overview of the spread of COVID-19 infection in India. Methods: Real-time data query was done based on daily observations using publicly available data from reference websites for COVID-19 and other government official reports for the period (15th February, 2020 to April 28th, 2020). Statistical analysis was performed to draw important inferences regarding COVID-19 trend in India. Results: A decrease in growth rate of cases due to COVID-19 in India post lockdown and improvement in recovery rate during the month of April was identified. The case fatality rate was estimated to be 3.22% of the total reported cases. State-wise analysis revealed a deteriorating situation in states of Maharashtra and Gujarat among others as cases continued to increase rapidly there. A positive linear correlation between the number of deaths and total cases and exponential relation between population density and number of cases reported per square km was established. Interpretation & Conclusions: Despite early preventive measures taken up by the Government of India, the increasing number of cases in India is a concern. This study compiles state-wise and district-wise data to report the daily conﬁrmed cases, case fatalities and strategies adopted in the form of case studies. Understanding the transmission spread of SARS-CoV-2 in a diverse and populated country like India will be crucial in assessing the effectiveness of control policies towards the spread of COVID-19 infection.
The J-Generalized P - K Mittag-Leffler Function
Authors: Gehlot Kuldeep Singh , Bhandari Anjana
Published: May 2020

We know that the classical Mittag-Leffler function play an important role as solution of fractional order differential and integral equations. We introduce the j-generalized p - k Mittag-Leffler function. We evaluate the second order differential recurrence relation and four different integral representations and introduce a homogeneous linear differential equation whose one of the solution is the j-generalized p-k Mittag-Leffler function. Also we evaluate the certain relations that exist between j-generalized p - k Mittag-Leffler function and Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals and derivatives. We evaluate Mellin-Barnes integral representation of j-generalized p-k Mittag-Le er Function. The relationship of j-generalized p-k Mittag-Leffler Function with Fox H-Function and Wright hypergeometric function is also establish. we obtained its Euler transform, Laplace Transform and Mellin transform. Finally we derive some particular cases.