bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pydiflumetofen: An SDHI seed‐applied fungicide, a potential tool for the canola‐blackleg management toolbox
Authors: Padmathilake K. Rasanie E. , Parks Paula S. , Gulden Robert H. , Rosset Jonathan , Zhao Liang , Fernando W. G. Dilantha
Published: July 2022

Blackleg is a major fungal disease of canola caused by Leptosphaeria maculans. Due to the breakdown of current host resistance, having an effective fungicide to avoid seedling infection is important to avoid disease. Pydiflumetofen is a newly developed broad‐spectrum seed treatment fungicide in the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) group. We evaluated the separate and combined application of pydiflumetofen and Vibrance Flexi on early‐season control of blackleg using moderately resistant canola cultivar SY4135 and susceptible cultivar Westar. In the greenhouse, seedlings inoculated with green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐tagged L. maculans showed lesion development and apoplastic mycelial growth in cotyledons in control and Vibrance Flexi treatments but no lesion development or in planta mycelial growth was observed in pydiflumetofen‐treated seedlings, in Westar or SY4135, 14 days postinoculation. SY4135 and Westar plants with pydiflumetofen‐treated seeds inoculated with L. maculans isolate D3 had significantly lower disease severity. Both host genotypes treated with pydiflumetofen showed lower disease severity estimates than the other treatments. Statistically significant disease severity reduction was cultivar dependent in the field. Canola is most susceptible to blackleg as a seedling, from the cotyledon to two‐ to four‐leaf stage. Pydiflumetofen protects the plant at the critical window for infection. Therefore, pydiflumetofen could be a potential tool that farmers can add to their blackleg management toolbox.
Specific agitation behaviours in dementia differentially contribute to aspects of caregiver burden
Authors: Patrick Karlee S. , Gunstad John , Martin John T. , Chapman Kimberly R. , Drost Jennifer , Spitznagel Mary Beth
Published: July 2022

Background

Agitation is a common symptom in dementia and linked to caregiver burden, but both agitation and burden are multidimensional constructs. The current study sought to determine whether specific presentations of agitation differentially relate to aspects of caregiver burden.

Methods

Medical record data from an outpatient memory clinic were extracted for 609 persons with dementia, including caregiver‐reported burden and care recipient agitation.

Results

Exploratory factor analysis yielded three domains of agitation on the Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory (‘Physically Aggressive’, ‘Physically Non‐Aggressive’, ‘Verbally Agitated’) and four domains of burden on the Zarit Burden Interview (‘Impact on Life’, ‘Guilt/Uncertainty’, ‘Embarrassment/Frustration’, ‘Overwhelm’). Regression analyses demonstrated all domains of agitation positively predicted overall burden. Regarding specific aspects of burden, Physically Aggressive behaviours predicted Embarrassment/Frustration. Physically Non‐Aggressive behaviours predicted Impact on Life and Guilt/Uncertainty. Verbally Agitated behaviours predicted all burden dimensions.

Conclusions

Results suggest specific aspects of agitation may differentially contribute to facets of caregiver burden.
Mapping Ex Ante Risks of COVID-19 in Indonesia using a Bayesian Geostatistical Model on Airport Network Data
Authors: Seufert Jacqueline D. , Python Andre , Weisser Christoph , Cisneros Elías , Kis-Katos Krisztina , Kneib Thomas
Published: July 2022

A rapid response to global infectious disease outbreaks is crucial to protect public health. Ex ante information on the spatial probability distribution of early infections can guide governments to better target protection efforts. We propose a two-stage statistical approach to spatially map the ex ante importation risk of COVID-19 and its uncertainty across Indonesia based on a minimal set of routinely available input data related to the Indonesian flight network, traffic and population data, and geographical information. In a first step, we use a generalised additive model to predict the ex ante COVID-19 risk for 78 domestic Indonesian airports based on data from a global model on the disease spread and covariates associated with Indonesian airport network flight data prior to the global COVID-19 outbreak. In a second step, we apply a Bayesian geostatistical model to propagate the estimated COVID-19 risk from the airports to all of Indonesia using freely available spatial covariates including traffic density, population and two spatial distance metrics. The results of our analysis are illustrated using exceedance probability surface maps, which provide policy-relevant information accounting for the uncertainty of the estimates on the location of areas at risk and those that might require further data collection.
Association of daily hassles, daily uplifts, coping styles and stress‐related symptoms among women exposed to sexual abuse—A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Stensvehagen Marianne Torp , Bronken Berit Arnesveen , Lien Lars , Larsson Gerry
Published: July 2022

Background

Women who experience physical or sexual violence report poor self‐perceived health. Knowledge of daily hassles, daily uplifts and coping styles, as well as how these factors can affect health and well‐being among survivors of sexual abuse, is important for healthcare professionals to understand and target their needs.

Aim

The aim of the current study was to explore the association of daily hassles, daily uplifts, coping strategies and stress‐related symptoms among female survivors of sexual abuse.

Methods

A group of women (n = 57), exposed to sexual abuse, were recruited from nine support centres in Norway. Participants completed a questionnaire that addressed demographics, socioeconomic conditions, trauma history, daily hassles, daily uplifts, coping styles and stress‐related symptoms. Two groups of participants were compared: one group that had above‐median scores on uplifts and adaptive coping styles and one group that had above‐median scores on daily hassles and maladaptive coping styles.

Results

Results indicate that women who experienced more daily hassles and used maladaptive coping styles reported significantly more stress‐related symptoms, and particularly emotional symptoms, than women who experienced more daily uplifts and used adaptive coping styles. There were few differences between the two groups related to socioeconomic conditions and trauma history.

Conclusion

The results indicate that women in both groups struggle with stress‐related physical, emotional, cognitive and target group‐specific symptoms. However, high incidence of daily hassles and the use of maladaptive coping styles were associated with an increase in stress‐related symptoms. Novell’s findings indicate that despite severe traumatic experiences, adaptive coping styles and favourable perceptions of stress in everyday life were associated with a lower frequency of stress‐related symptoms. It may therefore be helpful to focus on altering maladaptive coping styles to reduce stress‐related symptoms among sexual abuse survivors.
EffectiveGDP: ACross‐CountryComparison
Authors: Rehman Fahd , Cooper Russel J.
Published: July 2022

A large literature has developed around alternatives to gross domestic product (GDP)per capitafor cross‐country comparisons of well‐being. Many of these studies point to non‐economic factors that affect well‐being but are not captured in the traditional GDP measure. With a comprehensive coverage of economies available through the World Bank's International Comparison Programme (ICP) databases at six‐yearly intervals, this paper utilises the ICP 2011 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)‐based expenditures and builds upon it through an analysis of residuals from cross‐country Engel curve regressions. The methodology draws on the idea that patterns in Engel curve residuals can revealinter aliapreviously unmeasured aspects of human well‐being such as optimism or pessimism. The paper demonstrates how a residual‐based model ofRevealed Optimism/Pessimismcan be neatly integrated with PPP‐based GDP to provide an extended measure of national well‐being, referred to here as ‘Effective GDP’. As a result, a wider disparity in well‐being across economies is revealed than could be discerned simply from the ICP data. The results suggest that, in 2011,Effective GDPextends traditional PPP‐based GDP estimates by around two per cent in the positive direction for apparently optimistic economies and as much as five per cent downwards for pessimistic ones.
Back Matter
Authors:   The Water Technology Subcommittee of the ASME Research and Technology Committee on Water and Steam in Thermal Power Systems
Published: July 2022

This back matter contains the Glossary, References, Appendix A – Basics of Deaeration and Types of Deaerators, Appendix B – Spray Nozzle Design Information, Appendix C – Best Practices for Deaerator Operation and Appendix D – Troubleshooting Guide.
The Small College Financial Crunch: Using Athletics as a Leading Form of Enrollment Management
Authors: Zvosec Claire , Baer Nathan
Published: July 2022

Alicia Morrison is the athletic director of Northeast Private College (NPC), a small, tuition-driven, suburban National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III (DIII) institution in the northeast region of the United States. Like many small colleges throughout the country, NPC is facing a dire financial crisis if it cannot stem declining enrollment trends. Since athletic scholarships are not allowed at the DIII level, student-athletes at NPC pay tuition in the same way as the general student body. Similar to many small, DIII colleges, student-athlete tuition dollars are relied upon as a primary fiscal solvency strategy for the institution as a whole. As part of a collaborative effort between Alicia, NPC’s President, and its Board of Directors, Alicia will be tasked with developing a strategic plan for growing the size of the athletic department. This case study enables students to gain a better understanding of the DIII athletics environment. Students will use scholarly articles and a real-world financial and enrollment database to help Alicia with her strategic plan. The pressure is high, as, in many ways, the future of NPC relies upon Alicia effectively developing—and implementing—a viable strategic plan for the growth of the athletic department.
Physical Behaviors and Their Association With Adiposity in Men and Women From a Low-Resourced African Setting
Authors: Mendham Amy E. , Goedecke Julia H. , Kufe Nyuyki Clement , Soboyisi Melikhaya , Smith Antonia , Westgate Kate , Brage Soren , Micklesfield Lisa K.
Published: July 2022

Background: We first explored the associations between physical behaviors and total and regional adiposity. Second, we examined how reallocating time in different physical behaviors was associated with total body fat mass in men and women from a low-income South African setting. Methods: This cross-sectional study included a sample of 692 participants (384 men and 308 women) aged 41–72 years. Physical behaviors were measured using integrated hip and thigh accelerometry to estimate total movement volume and time spent in sleeping, sitting/lying, standing, light physical activity, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Total body fat mass and regional adiposity were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: The associations between total movement volume and measures of regional obesity were mediated by total body adiposity. In men, reallocating 30 minutes of sitting/lying to 30 minutes of MVPA was associated with 1.0% lower fat mass. In women, reallocation of 30 minutes of sitting/lying to MVPA and 30 minutes of standing to MVPA were associated with a 0.3% and 1.4% lower fat mass, respectively. Conclusions: Although the association between physical behaviors and fat mass differed between men and women, the overall public health message is similar; reallocating sedentary time to MVPA is associated with a reduction in fat mass in both men and women.
Postural Sway and Muscle Activity Dynamics of Upright Standing on Sloped Surfaces
Authors: Baldridge Jacey , King Adam C.
Published: July 2022

During upright standing, individuals often use co-contraction muscle activity at the ankle joint when encountering increased postural difficulty; however, this strategy has been shown to be maladaptive. The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the effect of sloped standing on postural sway and muscle co-contraction at the ankle joint as a function of postural difficulty. Twelve young (21.67 ± 1.11 years) adults performed upright standing on flat, declined, and inclined support surfaces. Center of pressure displacements indexed postural sway while electromyography data were collected for the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius medialis muscles. A co-contraction index and a nonlinear coupling metric (cross-approximate entropy) were computed between ankle dorsiflexor and plantar flexor muscles (tibialis anterior/gastrocnemius medialis) activity. The results showed that higher degrees of postural difficulty led to increased amounts of sway as well as increased sway regularity. Lower co-contraction index was observed for higher degrees of postural difficulty; however, increased dynamic coupling occurred with deviations from the flat standing condition. Overall, increased postural difficulty as manipulated by sloped standing (in either inclined or declined conditions) resulted in individuals adopting a more regular sway trajectory that may be due, in part, to a stronger dynamic coupling strategy occurring at the neuromuscular level.
Sport Psychology Consultants’ Views on Working With Perfectionistic Elite Athletes
Authors: Klockare Ellinor , Olsson Luke F. , Gustafsson Henrik , Lundqvist Carolina , Hill Andrew P.
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore the views and experiences of sport psychology consultants who have worked with perfectionistic elite athletes and, particularly, their views on the use of cognitive behavioral therapy. Semistructured interviews were conducted with four professional sport psychology consultants who identified themselves as having experience of working with athletes they consider to be perfectionistic. Two themes were generated: manifestations of perfectionism and management of perfectionism. The consultants found perfectionistic athletes to have rigid attitudes and strong negative emotional experiences, to use safety behaviors, and to regularly underperform. Cognitive behavioral therapy techniques such as mindfulness, cognitive restructuring, and psychological skills training were most commonly used and were largely viewed as effective against a backdrop of sporting environment that could often encourage athletes to be perfectionistic. The findings highlight the complexity of perfectionism from a consultancy perspective and the potential challenges associated with working with perfectionistic athletes.
The Antifungal and Anti-Pneumocystis Activities of the Novel Compound A3IS (Mycosinate)
Authors: Wiederhold Nathan P. , Patterson Thomas F. , Rebholz Sandra , Boal Connell W. C. , Ehrensberger Monika , Boyle Ryan , Cushion Melanie T.
Published: July 2022

A3IS (Mycosinate) is a synthetic product which only contains ingredients found naturally within honey. A3IS is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial product which produces a sustained release of hydrogen peroxide at low but therapeutic levels.
Dysregulation of Cell Envelope Homeostasis in Staphylococcus aureus Exposed to Solvated Lignin
Authors: Grossman Adam B. , Vermerris Wilfred , Rice Kelly C.
Published: July 2022

S. aureusis a leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections. The ability ofS. aureusto acquire genetic resistance to antibiotics further compounds its ability to cause life-threatening infections.
DNAJC14-Independent Replication of the Atypical Porcine Pestivirus
Authors: Reuscher Carina M. , Seitz Kerstin , Schwarz Lukas , Geranio Francesco , Isken Olaf , Raigel Martin , Huber Theresa , Barth Sandra , Riedel Christiane , Netsch Anette , Zimmer Katharina , Rümenapf Till , Tautz Norbert , Lamp Benjamin
Published: July 2022

DNAJC14 is an essential cofactor of the pestiviral NS2 autoprotease, limiting replication to tolerable levels as a prerequisite for the noncytopathogenic biotype of pestiviruses. Surprisingly, we found that the atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is able to replicate in the absence of DNAJC14.
BET-Independent Murine Leukemia Virus Integration Is Retargeted
In Vivo
and Selects Distinct Genomic Elements for Lymphomagenesis
Authors: Nombela Ivan , Michiels Martine , Van Looveren Dominique , Marcelis Lukas , el Ashkar Sara , Van Belle Siska , Bruggemans Anne , Tousseyn Thomas , Schwaller Jürg , Christ Frauke , Gijsbers Rik , De Rijck Jan , Debyser Zeger
Published: July 2022

In this study, we have shown that the
in vivo
replication of murine leukemia virus happens independently of BET proteins, which are key host determinants involved in retroviral integration site selection. This finding opens a new research line in the discovery of alternative viral or host factors that may complement the dominant host factor.
CDC Reign Canada Prairie Spring Red wheat
Authors: Pozniak C.J. , Clarke J.M. , Haile J.K. , Haile T.A.
Published: July 2022

CDC Reign, a hard red spring wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), is adapted to the wheat growing regions of Western Canada and is eligible for the Canada Prairie Spring Red (CPSR) market class. This conventional height wheat combines high grain yield and grain protein concentration with strong straw, intermediate resistance to Fusarium head blight, and excellent milling properties. CDC Reign is resistant to leaf rust and moderately resistant to stem rust and demonstrated end-use quality suitable for the CPSR market class.
Analysis of Vulnerability of Some Transformation Networks
Authors: Aytaç Vecdi , Turacı Tufan
Published: July 2022

In several different applications and contexts, networks are essential frameworks and appear.Vulnerability value is a measure of the network’s durability in the face of damage that may lead to a reduction or complete loss of the network’s particular functionality. The domination number and it’s types can be used network vulnerability parameters. Recently, the disjunctive total domination number has been defined by Henning and Naicker. In this paper, the disjunctive total domination numbers of the transformation graph [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] of some graphs [Formula: see text] have been obtained. Furthermore, some new general results have been given for the parameter mentioned above.
Current Collector-Free Interdigitated Nb2O5//LiFePO4 Micro-Batteries Prepared by a Simple Laser-Writing Process
Authors: Brousse K. , Taberna P. L. , Simon P.
Published: July 2022

The recent development of the internet of things (IoT) raises new needs in energy storage micro-devices to power implantable and wearable applications. Conventional battery components, including electrode materials and current collectors, have to be miniaturized and integrated onto flexible substrates while keeping their electrochemical performance. Although numerous micro-fabrication processes were successfully adapted to prepare lithium-ion micro-batteries (Li-ion μBs), they often rely on wet processing routes such as electrochemical deposition, which does not allow the preparation of energy micro-sources at a large scale. Laser-writing processes are among the most practical and versatile methods to deposit active materials as thin films on flexible substrates. Here, we report about the integration of positive LiFePO4 (LFP)-based and negative pseudocapacitive niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5)-based electrodes onto flexible current collector-free polyimide foils, through laser-writing of a mixture of HAuCl4, cellulose acetate, and active material coated on polyimide. The influence of the laser energy during the laser-writing step on the electrochemical performance of the as-prepared electrodes was studied. Laser-scribed (LS) Nb2O5 flexible electrodes exhibit a typical pseudocapacitive behavior, and deliver up to 114 μAh.cm−2 (205 mF.cm−2), while 76 μAh.cm−2 were recorded for LS-LiFePO4 battery electrodes prepared with the optimized laser parameters. Nb2O5//LiFePO4 micro-devices were assembled in a parallel-plate configuration, providing a 32 μAh.cm−2 areal capacity, despite the absence of any underlying current collectors. Finally, interdigitated planar micro-batteries were realized by this simple laser-writing procedure, thus paving the path towards the facile fabrication of micro-batteries at a large scale.
Bacteria Load Determination of the Intestinal Microbiota and Identification of Spiroplasma and Wolbachia in Anopheles gambiae
Authors: Sina Haziz , Chabi-Sika Kamirou , Ossè Razaki , Socohou Akim , Abibou Ibrahim A. , Salami Hafiz , Padonou Germain Gil , Adjanonhoun Adolphe , Baba-Moussa Lamine
Published: July 2022

The gut microbiota of mosquitoes is composed of a range of microorganisms. Among its microorganisms, some affect the vectorial capacity of mosquitoes. The aim of this study was to characterize some bacteria of the intestinal microbiota in Anopheles gambiae (An. gambiae) females, a major vector of malaria transmission in Benin. The symbiote bacteria of the microbiota of female laboratory An. gambiae and female wild An. gambiae were identified by the culture method. The count was done on media plate count agar (PCA), and subsequently, the bacterial load was calculated. Comparison of batches bacterial load was carried out with the variance analysis test (ANOVA). Finally, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to investigate the presence of a few bacterial genera influencing the vector capacity of An. gambiae. The study found that the microbiota of female An. gambiae is home to the bacteria belonging to the Staphylococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, and other unidentified bacterial gene regardless of its nature and condition. Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference between the bacterial load of the laboratory and wild mosquitoes depending on the parous and gorged states; on the other hand, there was a significant difference between the bacterial loads of the laboratory and wild mosquitoes according to the nulliparous and nongorged states. The search for a few bacterial genera influencing the vector capacity of female An. gambiae has been negative for Spiroplasma bacteria regardless of its nature and condition. PCR revealed the presence of Wolbachia bacteria for only gorged Kisumu sensitive An. gambiae. Wolbachia’s presence at An. gambiae suggests that this type of bacteria could be used to develop new effective and sustainable approaches in the vector control.
Research and Practice Analysis of Higher Vocational Colleges Facing the Experience and Dissemination of Regional Characteristic Tea Culture
Authors: Yan Xiangrong
Published: July 2022

Tea culture has special relevance in China’s cultural system. It is closely related to the development of tea industry. It is also an important branch of China’s traditional cultural system. Therefore, it must be paid great attention to. Especially in the context of big data, computer technology is widely used in the links of culture or information communication, and its purpose is to improve the communication effect. Therefore, the dissemination of tea culture information can be realized with the help of computer technology. From this perspective, this paper analyzes the development of computer technology in the background of big data, summarizes the necessity of using computer technology in the dissemination of tea culture information and, on this basis, considers the application strategy of computer technology in the dissemination of tea culture information from the perspective of big data, hoping to enter a more ideal pattern of tea culture information dissemination.
Intelligent Measurement and Analysis of Sewage Treatment Parameters based on Fuzzy Neural Algorithm with ARM9 Core CPU
Authors: Ma Yaqi
Published: July 2022

After entering the new century, the state continues to increase the construction of urban sewage treatment projects in response to the deteriorating water pollution situation. How to collect and analyze the sewage parameter variables in the sewage treatment process to ensure the intelligent measurement and accurate operation of the parameters in the treatment application is an urgent problem to be solved. This paper is mainly based on the computer-aided control system built by the ARM9 core embedded chip, and the feasibility and effectiveness of fuzzy neural network algorithms are discussed to improve the intelligent processing of sewage treatment parameters. After analyzing the principle and implementation flow of fuzzy control and neural network, starting from the characteristics of data collected by ARM9 core chip, the hybrid algorithm model is optimized and improved to further improve the convergence speed and accuracy of the algorithm. The simulation experiment proves that the optimized fuzzy neural control algorithm can effectively identify the dissolved oxygen, nitrate nitrogen, and other parameter data in the sewage treatment, and the recognition accuracy is very close to the true precision. Based on biosensors, the ARM9 core chip control system established by a recursive fuzzy neural network can greatly improve the tracking and control ability of parameters such as dissolved oxygen concentration and nitrate nitrogen concentration in microbial degradation. This has a good development prospect in wastewater treatment control applications. The experimental results show that the recursive fuzzy neural network algorithm proposed in this paper can dynamically track and control the nitrate concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration and ensure that the control is within the accuracy range. The accuracy of recognition is very close to the real accuracy.
Ion Current Simulation Model Design for a Spark-Ignited Engine
Authors: Song Zhanfeng , Liu Chundong , Wang Zhanying , Zhang Canguo , Geng Mingchao
Published: July 2022

The use of ion current signals generated during the combustion process of mixed gas as a function of initial mixture composition, temperature and pressure to detect cylinder combustion states is the most recent approach in the design, development, and optimisation of automotive engine combustion control. This paper aims to design predictive identification and computationally fast and accurate ion current models for obtaining combustion information in the engine cylinder in real time. To build a more comprehensive ion current calculation model, the effect of the flame ionisation process, the geometry of the spark plugs, and the combustion pressure and temperature are considered in the new building ion current model. The simulation ion current waveform, which has a double-peak structure, is in good agreement with the experiment values; thus, the ion current model has the potential to be used for real-time control and optimisation of engine cylinder combustion.
A Case of Oxalate Nephropathy in a Known Diabetic Patient following Acute Alcoholic Pancreatitis
Authors: Odhiambo John , Patel Hanika , Mutuiri Anderson , Yakub Fazal , Sokwala Ahmed
Published: July 2022

This was a case of a 39-year-old gentleman known to have diabetes mellitus since February 2021 on insulin glargine (Lantus) 16 units nocte and sitagliptin/metformin 50/500 mg once a day who presented to a tertiary teaching hospital in Kenya in May 2021 with a three-week history of vomiting and diarrhea. He had been previously admitted to a different facility with acute alcoholic pancreatitis. His examination was nonremarkable except for mild dehydration and pallor. He had moderate metabolic acidosis and deranged renal function. Prior to this, his creatinine was normal. As part of the evaluation for the rapid deterioration of renal function, a kidney biopsy performed revealed oxalate nephropathy. He was started on renal replacement therapy with hemodialysis.
Research on Three-Dimensional Integrated Guidance and Control Design with Multiple Constraints
Authors: Fu Zhenhua , Zhang Kuanqiao , Yang Suochang
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a fixed-time convergence-integrated guidance and control (IGC) method is proposed, which considers terminal line-of-sight (LOS) angle constraint, full-state constraints, and input saturation. Firstly, an IGC design model considering the full coupling of three channels is constructed, and a fixed-time convergence disturbance observer is used to estimate and compensate the unknown disturbances in the model. Secondly, based on the fixed-time stability theory, sliding mode control, and backstepping control, a novel IGC scheme is carried out, and the second-order instruction filter is used to restrict the system states and control instructions. Furthermore, the fixed-time stability of the close-loop system is proved and the expression of convergence time upper bound is given. Finally, comparison simulation and Monte Carlo simulation verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed IGC algorithm.
Design of Knowledge Graph Retrieval System for Legal and Regulatory Framework of Multilevel Latent Semantic Indexing
Authors: Zhu Guicun , Hao Meihui , Zheng Changlong , Wang Linlin
Published: July 2022

Latent semantic analysis (LSA) is a natural language statistical model, which is considered as a method to acquire, generalize, and represent knowledge. Compared with other retrieval models based on concept dictionaries or concept networks, the retrieval model based on LSA has the advantages of strong computability and less human participation. LSA establishes a latent semantic space through truncated singular value decomposition. Words and documents in the latent semantic space are projected onto the dimension representing the latent concept, and then the semantic relationship between words can be extracted to present the semantic structure in natural language. This paper designs the system architecture of the public prosecutorial knowledge graph. Combining the graph data storage technology and the characteristics of the public domain ontology, a knowledge graph storage method is designed. By building a prototype system, the functions of knowledge management, knowledge query, and knowledge push are realized. A named entity recognition method based on bidirectional long-short-term memory (bi-LSTM) combined with conditional random field (CRF) is proposed. Bi-LSTM-CRF performs named entity recognition based on character-level features. CRF can use the transition matrix to further obtain the relationship between each position label, so that bi-LSTM-CRF not only retains the context information but also considers the influence between the current position and the previous position. The experimental results show that the LSTM-entity-context method proposed in this paper improves the representation ability of text semantics compared with other algorithms. However, this method only introduces relevant entity information to supplement the semantic representation of the text. The order in the case is often ignored, especially when it comes to the time series of the case characteristics, and the “order problem” may eventually affect the final prediction result. The knowledge graph of legal documents of theft cases based on ontology can be updated and maintained in real time. The knowledge graph can conceptualize, share, and perpetuate knowledge related to procuratorial organs and can also reasonably utilize and mine many useful experiences and knowledge to assist in decision-making.
Simulation and Prediction of Injection Pressure in CO2 Geological Sequestration Based on Improved LSO Algorithm and BP Neural Networks
Authors: Liu Miaomiao , Fu Xiaofei , Jia Shanpo , Zhang Yongsheng , Zhang Yuying , Yao Dan
Published: July 2022

In order to avoid the occurrence of caprock integrity damage and gas escape due to injection pressure overrun in CO2 sequestration, an optimized back propagation (BP) neural network model based on Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) and an improved lion swarm optimization (ILSO) algorithm is proposed for the maximum sustainable injection pressure prediction. Firstly, a hydromechanical model is constructed to simulate the damage changes of the reservoir caprock during injection by ABAQUS. Secondly, in view of the uncertainties of formation parameters that could lead to deviations between the model calculation results and actual geological condition, the MCS method is used, and then, the probability distribution interval of the maximum injection pressure with high probability of caprock failure under different formation parameters is obtained by MATLAB. This effectively reduces the uncertainty and improves the calculation accuracy. Finally, based on the numerical simulation results, the maximum injection pressure prediction model is constructed. Aiming at the problems of the sensitivity of the BP neural network to initial weights and its poor convergence, tent chaotic mapping and difference mechanism are introduced to improve the LSO algorithm. Following this, the neural network is optimized by ILSO algorithm whose superiority is verified through 8 benchmark functions, and the maximum injection pressure is effectively predicted according to porosity, permeability, and other parameters. Experimental results show that, compared to the other three optimization methods, the ILSO_BP model has a faster convergence speed, higher prediction accuracy, and stability, which can provide a powerful guide for the safe injection of CO2 and efficient sequestration management.
Loading Rate and Bedding Plane Coupled Effect Study on Coal Failure under Uniaxial Compression: Acoustic Emissions and Energy Dissipation Analysis
Authors: Zhou Jinlong , Zhao Yixin , Paneiro Gustavo , Liu Wengang , Wang Xiaoliang , Wang Hao , Gao Yirui , Han Chujian , Zhang Xiufeng
Published: July 2022

The mechanical behavior of coal is significantly influenced by the loading rate and bedding plane. In this paper, the uniaxial compression tests at different loading rates were conducted on coal specimens with vertical bedding (CSVB) and coal specimens with parallel bedding (CSPB), which were prepared by the coal with bursting liability from the Ordos deep mining areas, China. The results show that the uniaxial compressive strengths of CSVB and CSPB are positively correlated with the loading rate. The peak values of acoustic emission (AE) counts and accumulated absolute AE energy of CSVB and CSPB increase with the loading rate, and the AE parameters of CSVB are larger than those of CSPB. The variation rules of input energy density and elastic energy density are similar for CSVB and CSPB, but the variation rules of dissipated energy density in stage IV are different. As the axial load increases, the energy storage rate and energy dissipation rate of both coal specimen types increase and decrease, respectively. The bedding planes of coal and the loading conditions in the field should be fully considered when identifying the bursting liability of coal and forecasting coal burst. This study can provide a reference for coal burst warning and prevention under similar geological conditions in Ordos deep mining areas.
Rationale and Design of the Cardiac CARE Trial: A Randomized Trial of Troponin-Guided Neurohormonal Blockade for the Prevention of Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Henriksen Peter A. , Hall Peter , Oikonomidou Olga , MacPherson Iain R. , Maclean Morag , Lewis Steff , McVicars Heather , Broom Angus , Scott Fiona , McKay Pam , Borley Annabel , Rowntree Clare , Lord Simon , Collins Graham , Radford John , Guppy Amy , Payne John R. , Newby David E. , Mills Nick L. , Lang Ninian N.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Anthracyclines are effective cytotoxic drugs used in the treatment of breast cancer and lymphoma but are associated with myocardial injury, left ventricular dysfunction, and heart failure. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is highly variable in severity and without a proven therapeutic intervention. β-Adrenergic receptor blockers and renin-angiotensin-system inhibitor therapies have been associated with modest cardioprotective effects in unselected patients.

Methods:

The Cardiac CARE trial is a multicentre prospective randomized open-label blinded end point trial of combination β-adrenergic receptor blocker and renin-angiotensin-system inhibitor therapy in patients with breast cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma receiving anthracycline chemotherapy that is associated with myocardial injury. Patients at higher risk of cardiotoxicity with plasma high-sensitivity cTnI (cardiac troponin I) concentrations in the upper tertile at the end of chemotherapy are randomized to standard of care plus combination candesartan and carvedilol therapy or standard of care alone. All patients undergo cardiac magnetic resonance imaging before and 6 months after anthracycline treatment. The primary end point is the change in left ventricular ejection fraction at 6 months after chemotherapy. In low-risk nonrandomized patients, left ventricular ejection fraction before and 6 months after anthracycline will be compared with define the specificity of the high-sensitivity cTnI assay for identifying low-risk participants who do not develop left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Discussion:

Cardiac CARE will examine whether cardiac biomarker monitoring identifies patients at risk of left ventricular dysfunction following anthracycline chemotherapy and whether troponin-guided treatment with combination candesartan and carvedilol therapy prevents the development of left ventricular dysfunction in these high-risk patients.
The Vera Icona Installation and Performance: A Reflection on Face Surveillance in Contemporary Society
Authors: Gouiffès Michele , Caye Véronique
Published: July 2022

The Vera Icona installation-performance considers the relationship between face and image in contemporary society. It is inspired by the legend of the Vera Icona, an “icon made without hands” (said to have come into existence miraculously rather than by human creation), which is part of the political and philosophical history of images, from the religious icon to contemporary video. The installation-performance proposes a critical analysis of Jerusalem’s surveillance society. Using artificial intelligence techniques such as deep learning in order to replicate the mise en abyme art technique, the installation blends faces of those being observed with the faces of observers. It invites viewers to consider themselves at the center of their own universe, far from established norms and controlling societies.
Fabaceae Lindl. in a Conservation Unit in the Semi-Arid Region of Paraíba, Brazil
Authors: SANTOS GOMES AURELIANA , DE MORAIS RODRIGUES ERIMÁGNA , COELHO MOURA DÉBORA , MIRANDA DE MELO JOSÉ IRANILDO , DE TASSO MOREIRA RIBEIRO RAYANE , DE QUEIROZ RUBENS TEIXEIRA
Published: July 2022

The present study consists of a synopsis of Fabaceae in the Pico do Jabre State Park, Paraíba state, northeastern Brazil. 36 species were recorded, subordinate to 24 genera and three subfamilies (Caesalpinioideae, Cercidoideae and Papilionoideae). The genera with the largest number of species were: Senna (six spp.); Mimosa and Chamaecrista (four spp. each) and Centrosema (two spp.). The other genera were represented by one species each. The treatment includes an identification key, information on geographic distribution, flowering and/or fruiting data and images for the species in the area.
Additions to the genus Periconia from northern Thailand
Authors: TIAN XINGGUO , TIBPROMMA SAOWALUCK , KARUNARATHNA SAMANTHA C. , DAI DONGQIN , BAO DANFENG , MAPOOK AUSANA , JAYAWARDENA RUVISHIKA S.
Published: July 2022

Pineapple is one of the economically important fruits in Chiang Rai Province but few studies have been carried out on fungal saprobes on this plant. During a survey of fungal saprobes on pineapple, several dead leaves covered by hyphomycetous fungi with effuse colonies, dark brown to black on the host substrate were collected. Phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, and TEF1-α sequence data revealed that our fungal collections are members of Periconia. Based on morphological comparisons and multi-locus phylogeny we introduce a new species (Periconia ananasi sp. nov.) and a new host and geographic record for Periconia epilithographicola. The results expand our knowledge of microfungi on pineapple. Full descriptions, illustrations, and multi-locus phylogeny of the taxa studied are provided.
On the Value of Early Marine Weather Observations: The Malaspina Expedition (1789–94)
Authors: Obregón M. A. , Rodas M. T. , Farrona A. M. M. , Domínguez-Castro F. , Gallego M. C. , García-Herrera R. , Vaquero J. M.
Published: July 2022

Great advances in meteorological science were made in the late eighteenth century. In particular, meteorological instruments were carried on ships and the first systematic meteorological readings over the oceans were made. One of these collections of instrumental meteorological readings was carried out by the Malaspina expedition (1789–94), organized by the Spanish Crown to study its vast possessions around the world. We have recovered meteorological variables such as air temperature (maximum and minimum), atmospheric pressure (maximum and minimum), wind (intensity and direction), and appearance (state of the sky) from the documentation generated by the explorers during the journey. In total, nearly 13,000 instrumental data have been digitized and rescued from this maritime expedition. The comparison of daily temperature and pressure observations with reanalysis and weather stations data shows a good overall agreement. Moreover, apparent discrepancies during several anchored periods have allowed for testing the consistency and quality of these early instrumental marine weather readings.
Analysis of repeat elements in the Pristionchus pacificus genome reveals an ancient invasion by horizontally transferred transposons
Authors: Athanasouli Marina , Rödelsperger Christian
Published: July 2022

Background

Repetitive sequences and mobile elements make up considerable fractions of individual genomes. While transposition events can be detrimental for organismal fitness, repetitive sequences form an enormous reservoir for molecular innovation. In this study, we aim to add repetitive elements to the annotation of thePristionchus pacificusgenome and assess their impact on novel gene formation.

Results

Different computational approaches define up to 24% of theP. pacificusgenome as repetitive sequences. While retroelements are more frequently found at the chromosome arms, DNA transposons are distributed more evenly. We found multiple DNA transposons, as well as LTR and LINE elements with abundant evidence of expression as single-exon transcripts. When testing whether transposons disproportionately contribute towards new gene formation, we found that roughly 10–20% of genes across all age classes overlap transposable elements with the strongest trend being an enrichment of low complexity regions among the oldest genes. Finally, we characterized a horizontal gene transfer of Zisupton elements into diplogastrid nematodes. These DNA transposons invaded nematodes from eukaryotic donor species and experienced a recent burst of activity in theP. pacificuslineage.

Conclusions

The comprehensive annotation of repetitive elements in theP. pacificusgenome builds a resource for future functional genomic analyses as well as for more detailed investigations of molecular innovations.
Chloroplastic pentatricopeptide repeat proteins (PPR) in albino plantlets of Agave angustifolia Haw. reveal unexpected behavior
Authors: Andrade-Marcial M. , Pacheco-Arjona R. , Góngora-Castillo E. , De-la-Peña C.
Published: July 2022

Background

Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins play an essential role in the post-transcriptional regulation of genes in plastid genomes. Although important advances have been made in understanding the functions of these genes, there is little information available on chloroplastic PPR genes in non-model plants and less in plants without chloroplasts. In the present study, a comprehensive and multifactorial bioinformatic strategy was applied to search for putative PPR genes in the foliar and meristematic tissues of green and albino plantlets of the non-model plant Agave angustifolia Haw.

Results

A total of 1581 PPR transcripts were identified, of which 282 were chloroplastic. Leaf tissue in the albino plantlets showed the highest levels of expression of chloroplastic PPRs. The search for hypothetical targets of 12 PPR sequences in the chloroplast genes of A. angustifolia revealed their action on transcripts related to ribosomes and translation, photosystems, ATP synthase, plastid-encoded RNA polymerase and RuBisCO.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the expression of PPR genes depends on the state of cell differentiation and plastid development. In the case of the albino leaf tissue, which lacks functional chloroplasts, it is possible that anterograde and retrograde signaling networks are severely compromised, leading to a compensatory anterograde response characterized by an increase in the expression of PPR genes.
Bedside gastrointestinal ultrasound combined with acute gastrointestinal injury score to guide enteral nutrition therapy in critically patients
Authors: Lai Jiawei , Chen Shuhong , Chen Linli , Huang Daofeng , Lin Jinzhan , Zheng Qingjiang
Published: July 2022

Background

To use gastric ultrasound to evaluate function and to determine the start time of enteral nutrition (EN) in patients with acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI).

Methods

We reviewed records from 105 patients who suffered AGI levels two (AGI II). We recorded several data points, including ultrasonographic transverse area of gastric antrum (CSA), left descending colonic or right ascending colonic diameter (Diam), peristatic frequency (Peri), EN start time, EN dose, prealbumin (PA), and EN complications. The recovery of intestinal function after EN treatment was judged as success. If there was EN treatment complication, this was judged as failure. We analyzed the changes in gastrointestinal function after EN treatment, to determine feeding time.

Results

There were 69 patients in the successful group, and 36 in the failure group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, intra abdominal pressure (IAP), APACHE II, PA and disease composition (p > 0.05).There were significant differences in terms of EN startup time, CSA, Diam, Peri, and PA, between the EN success and failure groups. We found IAP does not reflect gastrointestinal function;CSA ≤ 9cm2, Diam ≤ 2.9 cm, Peri > 3 bpm, indicated that the three indexes could reflect the recovery of gastrointestinal function. Receiver operating curve analysis showed that combined CSA, Diam, Peri evaluation determined the best time to start EN.

Conclusions

Monitoring gastric antrum transversal area, colonic diameter, colonic peristatic frequency using ultrasound can guide the timing of initiation of enteral nutrition treatment.