bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION MODELING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ORGANIZATION OF THE LIFE CYCLE OF CAPITAL CONSTRUCTION FACILITIES
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Palamarchuk Nina I.
Published: April 2024

Russian construction industry enterprises are increasingly realizing the potential of information modeling technologies. The article considers the role of information modeling technologies in the organization of the life cycle of capital construction facilities, identifies difficulties in managing TIM data; shows the advantages of using TIM technologies in the construction sector; considers domestic software products; notes the difficulties of analyzing the effectiveness of TIM implementation at enterprises in connection with the lack of a unified assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of TIM technologies; The trends in the development of the field of TIM technologies are noted.
Lichnerowicz Type Estimate for the $p$-Laplacian Under Weighted Integral Curvature Bounds
Authors: Seto Shoo
Published: April 2024

In this short note, we prove a quantitative lower bound in terms of the dimension and curvature,
known as a Lichnerowicz-type estimate, for the first eigenvalue of the p-Laplacian on Riemannian
manifolds with a bound on the integral norm of the Bakry-Émery curvature.
SMART SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT FOR THE NEW CAPITAL CITY OF INDONESIA
Authors: RACHMAWATI Rini , REINHART Hilary , ROHMAH Amandita Ainur , SENSUSE Dana Indra , SUNINDYO Wikan Danar
Published: April 2024

It is critical to do research on the concept of Smart Sustainable Urban Development and its implementation. This is primarily important to support the urban future and urban governance in Nusantara Capital City, Indonesia, and the relation to the concept of urban sustainability and smart city. This research is aimed to analyse the implementation of the smart sustainable urban development concept to support the urban future through the New Urban Agenda and Sustainable Development Goals and urban governance in Nusantara Capital City. The data were obtained by conducting in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with the policy stakeholders and agencies relevant to the development plan for Nusantara Capital City and field surveys in the form of observations as well. The results show that the urban future from the national government is envisaged through six domain services encapsulating the sustainability and smart city elements. In the regional and local level, challenges are met including the environmental and social impact but through government collaboration and devising Information and Communication Technology, the authority has been able to design the solution. Sustainability, ICT, smart city, and urban governance constitute critical elements in the process of urban development, especially for the development of a new capital city.
AGROECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF SOYBEAN BREEDING MATERIAL (GLYCINE MAX) IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Atakova E.A. , Kazarina A.V. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shishina A.S. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

As the requirements for new soybean varieties from the production side increase, the complexity of breeding tasks increases, the requirements for the degree of knowledge of the source material increase. In the conditions of the Volga Research Institute in 2017-2020, 70 soybean samples of various ecological and geographical origin, as well as local breeding material, were studied. It was found that the duration of the growing season over the years of study was largely determined by the duration of the flowering-ripening period. Correlation analysis has shown that hydrothermal conditions, which form the generative phase of plant development, play a significant role in the formation of soybean yield. The high conjugacy of the yield level from the average daily temperature and the sum of active temperatures (r=0.81-0.91) during the flowering-ripening period was noted. In the breeding nursery, cultivars were identified that most fully realize the genetic potential and significantly exceed the standard in productivity by 6.1-24.6%: 856-3-34, 073-5
NEW VARIETIES OF WINTER TRITICALE SELECTION OF THE SAMARA RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goryanina T.A.
Published: April 2024

The evaluation of new zoned varieties of selection of the Samara Research Institute in the region for possible use in various fields of agriculture was carried out in 2018-2022 in the laboratory of breeding and genetics of soft wheat, triticale sector in the fields of the Samara Research Institute, located in the chernozem steppe of the Middle Volga region. The object of study was four varieties of winter triticale included in the register of the Russian Federation. Based on the conducted studies, it was found that, on average, the Capella, Spica and Arcturus varieties exceeded the Crumb standard by 0.03-0.44 t/ha. The highest yield is established on the Spica variety – 4.86 t/ ha. The new varieties significantly exceeded the Crumb variety by the weight of 1000 grains by 5.60-8.10g, by the weight of grain from the ear by 0.26-0.40 pcs. In terms of the number of drops, the Arcturus and Spica varieties significantly exceeded the standard by 62.6-122.8 C. The dependence of grain productivity, green mass, ear on climatic conditions is analyzed. Correlation analysis at the phenotypic and genotypic level is given. As a result of many years of purposeful breeding work, three new triticale varieties of different uses have been bred, which surpass the Crumb variety in yield and quality, which gives farmers a choice and will allow them to sell triticale grain grown at the price of valuable wheat.
A NEW VARIETY OF WINTER RYE BEZENCHUKSKAYA 110 WITH RECESSIVE-POLYGENIC TYPE OF SHORT-STEMMED FOR THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goryanina T.A.
Published: April 2024

The results of breeding for winter rye in recent years in experiments located on the chernozem of the ordinary steppe Volga region are presented. The characteristic of the new variety Bezenchukskaya 110 is given. In the nursery of competitive variety testing, the average yield (2015-2019) of grain of this variety was 4.36 t/ ha, which is 0.35 t/ha more than that of Bezenchuk 87. The high quality of grain makes it possible to use the Bezenchukskaya 110 variety both in the bakery and in the feed industry. Based on research, it has been established that the most rational way in the breeding process is the formation of a complex hybrid population based on its adaptive properties by means of strict selection of the starting material with directional polytopcross, using individual-family and family-group selections by the method of halves. According to the results of the correlation analysis, it was revealed that precipitation at the end of the spring and beginning of the summer vegetation period is one of the leading external factors of plant growth and development and largely determines the productivity of winter rye. The yield also depends on the amount of precipitation per year, on the temperature regime and the duration of the dry period in May and June. Grain quality is largely determined by the temperature regime and the intensity of precipitation during the grain filling period. Varieties with a polygenic recessive type of plant height control are most adapted to the arid conditions of the Middle Volga region.
FORMATION OF AGROPHYTOCENOSIS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT WITH THE USE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS
Authors:   Samara State Agrarian University, Vasin V.G. , Vasin A.V. ,   Samara State Agrarian University, Strizhakov A.O. ,   Samara State Agrarian University
Published: April 2024

The article shows the results of research on the development of methods for increasing the yield of spring durum wheat (Triticum Durum) in the system of application of liquid mineral fertilizers Megamix in the pre-sowing preparation of seeds, processing of crops during vegetation when applying mineral fertilizers N16P16K16 in the pre-sowing preparation of soil in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region. The research was carried out at the experimental field of the Samara State Agrarian University in 2017-2020. During the three-factor field experiment, the assessment of the main biometric indicators was carried out: the completeness of seedlings and the preservation of plants in crops, the formation of aboveground mass and accumulation of dry matter, photosynthetic activity with the analysis of leaf area, the formation of photosynthetic potential and the net productivity of photosynthesis. It is established that the best indicators are formed on variants with the treatment of the seed material with Megamix Seeds or MegamixProfi preparations, followed by a two-time treatment on vegetation with MegamixProfi 0.5 l/ha (in the tillering phase)+ Megamis Nitrogen 0.5l / ha (in the phase of the flag leaf), against the background of fertilization N16P16K16. It was revealed that the completeness of seedlings is formed here at the level of 78.0 ...77.7%. The use of Megamix preparations in the seed treatment system + the treatment of crops with stimulating preparations Megamix provides the maximum increase in aboveground mass in the variant of seed treatment Megamix Seeds and treatment of crops with the preparation Megamix Pro 1582.0 g / m2, as well as a mixture of preparations Megamix Pro + Megamix Nitrogen – 1614.0 g/m2 against the background of the introduction of N16P16K16. On these variants, the maximum leaf area and photosynthetic potential of 0.776...0.981 million m2 / ha days are formed and, as a result, the maximum yield with indicators of 2.89...3.03 t / ha. It was found that the use of liquid mineral fertilizers on all variants of the experiment significantly increases the yield of spring durum wheat.
AGROECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PERSPECTIVE POPULATIONS OF ALFALFA UNDER CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Volodina I.A. , Kazarina A.V. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Abramenko I.S. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

The research was carried out in order to identify the most adapted promising populations of alfalfa (Medicagovaria T. Martyn.) to the conditions of the Middle Volga region for further transfer of those selected for the State Variety Test. The study was carried out in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region in 2018-2021. The object of study was seven varieties and promising populations of variable alfalfa. The zoned variety of Izumruda was adopted as a standard. The soils of the experimental plot are represented by typical medium-humus chernozem of heavy loamy mechanical composition. The content of humus in the arable layer of soil 0 -25 cm - 5.2%, mobile potassium and phosphorus - 292.0 mg / kg and 156 mg / kg of soil, respectively, the pH of the salt extract of the soil is 6.9 - 7.2, the content of easily hydrolysable nitrogen - 11.6 - 13.2 mg per 100 g of soil. The plots in the experiments for assessing the productivity of green mass are six rows with a row spacing of 15 cm, an accounting area of 7.5 m2. Seeding rate 15 kg/ha.Repetition four times. The placement of variants within the repetitions is randomized, the agricultural technique is generally accepted for the cultivation of alfalfa in the Middle Volga region. On average, over the years of research, the largest total yield of green mass was provided by variety populations: Population 24 (39.5 t/ha), Dark Green (39.9 t/ha) and Population 13 (40.2 t/ha), exceeding standard grade Emerald by 11.0…12.9%. The maximum collection of dry matter in the sum for two cuttings was noted in Population 4 (9.4 t/ha), Dark Green (9.5 t/ha) and Population 13 (10.2 t/ha) exceeding the standard 11, 9-21.4%. As a result of the research, it was found that the promising variety populations Population 13, Dark green, Population 4 and Population 24 have plasticity, high fodder quality indicators and are fully adapted to changing growing conditions, suitable for cultivation without irrigation in the climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region.
A Comparative Study to Assess Knowledge and Perception Regarding Leucorrhoea among Women of Reproductive Age Group in Selected Rural and Urban Areas of Ludhiana, Punjab
Authors: Ramandeep Kaur
Published: April 2024

Leucorrhoea is a thick, whitish vaginal discharge. It is a symptom, not a disease. Subjectively and objectively it is an expression of some underlying disorder, either functional or organic. A comparative study was conducted to assess the knowledge and perception regarding leucorrhoea among 100 women of reproductive age group by using convenience sampling technique. The finding of the present study revealed that highly positive co- relation was found between knowledge and perception regarding leucorrhoea, r = 0.8 for rural area and r= 0.9 for urban area, indicated the highly positive co- relation between knowledge and perception regarding leucorrhoea. Hence it is further recommended to this study on large sample for better generalization. Similar study can be conductedby using qualitative approach using in-depth interviews and on OPD patients i.e. with leucorrhea.
TRANSLATION OF EQUIVALENT AND ALTERNATIVE PROVERBS INTO ARABIC AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Authors:   University Of World Economy And Diplomacy Arabiс Teacher Department Of Oriental Languages Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Abdunabiev Sunnat Botirovich
Published: April 2024

This article explains in detail, using examples, alternative translations of phraseological units in Arabic, as well as similar and different aspects of expressions belonging to the two nations. In this case, lexical and somatic phraseology is widely used in the Arabic and Uzbek languages.
ECOLOGICAL COMPETENCES AND THEIR ROLE IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors:   Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Visola Turakulova
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the importance of ecological competences in education has gained significant attention as the world grapples with environmental challenges. This article explores the concept of ecological competences and examines their role in the educational process. It delves into the significance of integrating ecological competences into various levels of education to foster environmental awareness, sustainability, and responsible citizenship. Drawing on research and theoretical frameworks, this articlehighlights the benefits of incorporating ecological competences into curricula and pedagogical practices. Additionally, it discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing ecological competences in educational settings and offers recommendations for educators and policymakers.
UNDERSTANDING THE PEDAGOGICAL BASIS OF STUDENTS' INTEREST IN PROFESSIONS: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS
Authors:   Tashkent State Pedagogical University Named After Nizami, Uzbekistan, Tolqunovna Tolqinova Xolida , Leonodovna Maksimova Nataliya ,   Associate Professor Of Chuvash State University Named After Ulyanova I.N.,Russian, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2024

Students' interest in professions plays a pivotal role in shaping their career choices and academic pursuits. This scientific article delves into the pedagogical foundations that underpin the development and sustenance of students' interest in various professions. Drawing upon interdisciplinary research from education, psychology, and vocational studies, this paper explores the multifaceted nature of students' interest, its determinants, and the strategies educators can employ to enhance and sustain it. Additionally, the article discusses the implications of fostering interest in professions for educational policy, curriculum design, and career development initiatives.
VIRTUAL TOUR OF THE HOME, APARTMENT, ETC. FOR CZECH REAL ESTATE COMPANIES' CLIENTELE. INTEGRATION WITH PRIMARY EDUCATION
Authors:   Tashkent economy and Pedagogical Institute teacher, Uzbekistan, H.K Karshiboyeva
Published: April 2024

The article Integrating Innovative Active Learning in Elementary Schools: A Major Shift in Learning Paradigms from Theory to Practice to Enrich the Learning Journey of Elementary Students by Creating More Interactive, Engaging, and Effective Learning Environments represents This summative assessment reflects the implementation, results, and future directions of innovative activelearning strategies in primary education settings that correspond to the general theme of theoretical and methodological foundations of teaching and learning.
ABU RAYHAN AL-BIRUNI: PIONEER OF SCIENCE AND SCHOLARSHIP
Authors:   Teacher of ADU.Senior Lecturer, Department of philosophy, Uzbekistan, Saidbek Kholdarov
Published: April 2024

Abu Rayhan al-Biruni, an eminent scholar of the medieval Islamic world, made significant contributions to various fields of science and scholarship during the 11th century. His work encompassed astronomy, mathematics, geography, anthropology, history, and pharmacology, among others. This article explores the enduring legacy of al-Biruni, highlighting his groundbreaking contributions to the advancement of human knowledge and his enduring influence on subsequent generations of scientists and thinkers.
THE ROLE OF UZBEK FOLKLORE GENRES IN SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION
Authors:   Teacher of the Department of Pedagogy, Termiz State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Allayevna Abdurakhimova Mukhabat
Published: April 2024

The article provides information about the genres of Uzbek folk art. The method of developing the spiritual and moral education of future teachers through folklore is highlighted. The role of folklore genres in education is given.
FAIRY TALE-BASED SPEECH DEVELOPMENT TECHNIQUES FOR CHILDREN
Authors:   Teacher of the International Innovation University, Uzbekistan, Ozoda Kakhkharova
Published: April 2024

The article written on the topic "Fairy tale-based speech development techniques for children", offers suggestions for helping young children learn how to connect speech. The article aims to clarify the significance of fairy tales' influence on children's speech development. The article also emphasizes the concepts of the instructor organizing the speech development process while taking the pedagogical process into consideration.
DISTINCTIVE NATIONAL FEATURES OF THE USE OF DIDACTIC MATERIAL IN FOREIGN TEACHING IN ELEMENTARY GRADES
Authors:   2nd year master's degree, Tashkent International University of Chemistry primary education, Uzbekistan, Turgunpolatovna Yuldasheva Zumradxon
Published: April 2024

Teaching in primary classes using foreign methods involves the possibility of using didactic material to more closely introduce students to their country, language, and culture. This technique, when carried out in accordance with national characteristics, increases the interest of students to study by having the specific interest, research, and educational factors inherent in their country. This article will talk about the national characteristics of the didactic material used in foreign teaching in elementary grades and how they can be applied.
EXPLORING EFFECTIVE METHODS FOR TEACHING THE FRENCH LANGUAGE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Uzbekistan State World Language University, Uzbekistan, Aleksandrovna Orexin-Rijina Vita
Published: April 2024

This article delves into various methodologies employed in teaching the French language, aiming to assess their effectiveness and suitability for diverse learning environments. Drawing upon recent research and pedagogical advancements, it explores traditional and modern approaches, emphasizing communicative and immersive strategies. The review underscores the importance of adopting a multifaceted approach to cater to the diverse needs and learning styles of students, thereby enhancing language acquisition and proficiency.
THE СONСEРT OF САTEGORY IN THE SСIENСE OF РEDАGOGY АND ITS SРEСIFIСITY
Authors:   Doctor Of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Uzbekistan, Jаnikulovnа Isаkulovа Nilufаr
Published: April 2024

This аrtiсle аnаlyzes the sрeсifiс сhаrасteristiсs of the саtegories of “Рedаgogy” sсienсe. Саtegories, сonсeрts аnd exрlаnаtions of terms hаve been studied. The сlаssifiсаtion of рe The categories of the subject of pedagogy are also characterized by social, philosophical, methodological, didactic, pedagogical, psychological, physiological, hygienic, ideological, legal, economic, historical, theoretical, practical features.
THE ESSENCE OF CREATIVE COMPETENCE IN PEDAGOGY AND MODERN APPROACHES
Authors:   Senior Teacher At Tashkent Region National Center For Training Pedagogues In New Methods, Uzbekistan, Urakova Sh.K.
Published: April 2024

This article talks about creative competence in pedagogy, its place and essence in the educational process, competence approaches to it, specific features of formation and development of creative competence in students.
LEGAL-NORMAL BASIS OF FORMING SOCIAL-PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE OF A TEACHER IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Head of Department at Scientific Research Institute of Pedagogical Sciences of Uzbekistan named after T.N. Kari Niyazi, Doctor of Philosophy in Pedagogical Sciences (PhD), Uzbekistan, Abdugaparovna Umaralieva Muhayo
Published: April 2024

The article covers the issue of the development of socio-pedagogical competence of educators in the environment of inclusive education. Also, the state has analyzed the conditions created by students with disabilities in the educational environment and the implementation of developed laws and decisions.
THE USE OF PODCASTS AND VIDEO CASTS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ ORAL SPEECH COMPETENCE
Authors:   Senior Teacher, Tashkent Branch ofMoscow State University Named After M. V. Lomonosov Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan, Karimova Zulfizar Rustamovna
Published: April 2024

This article explores the effectiveness of utilizing podcasts and videocasts as educational tools to enhance students' oral speech competence. With the widespread availability of digital technologies, educators are increasingly integrating podcasts and videocasts into language learning curricula. This study investigates the impact of these multimedia formats on students' speaking skills, examining their potential benefits and challenges in fostering oral communication proficiency. By synthesizing existing research and providing insights into practical implementation strategies, this article offers valuable guidance for educators seeking to leverage podcasts and videocasts to improve students' oral speech competence.
INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL AND ITS INCENTIVENESS
Authors:   Professor of TermеzState University, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Uzbekistan, Ganievich Makhmudov Yusup , Khaikalovich Allayarov Djura ,   ieutenant colonel, head of the public order department of the Department for Coordination of Activities of Internal Affairs Bodies of Tashkent, Yakkasaray District, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2024

In this article, the authors reveal the essence of intellectual potential and its stimulation.
SOLVING EXAMPLES OF WHOLE AND FRACTIONAL PARTS OF A NUMBER
Authors:   Math teacher at JSPU, Uzbekistan, Saidkulovna Tilagova Buvgilos , Aliyevna Ganiyeva Dilrabo ,   Math teacher at JSPU, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a detailed examination of the concepts of whole and fractional parts of a number. By solving various examples, the study aims to provide a clear understanding of these mathematical entities and their practical applications. The investigation encompasses a literature analysis, discussion of methodologies, presentation of results, and conclusions drawn from the findings.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SOLAR PANELS
Authors:   Teacher at the Academic Lyceum of Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Urinboyevna Xamrayeva Zamira , qizi Xaydarova Shahzoda Salim ,   Teacher at the Academic Lyceum of Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2024

The increasing demand for sustainable energy sources has propelled solar panels to the forefront of renewable energy technologies. This paper explores the significance of solar panels in addressing global energy challenges, their environmental impacts, and their role in the transition towards cleaner energy systems.
IMPORTANT ISSUES OF PROTECTING WOMEN FROM HARASSMENT AND VIOLENCE IN THE WORKPLACE
Authors:   Doctoral Student At Tashkent State University Of Law, Uzbekistan, Qizi Ismoilova Aziza Alisher
Published: April 2024

This article addresses current challenges related to protecting women from workplace abuse and harassment. The article also includes recommendations and comments on the ratification of the International Labour Organization Convention No. 190 "On the Elimination of Violence and Harassment in the World of Work" (ILO Convention No.190), as well as the legal status of gender equality and legal issues associated with ensuring gender equality.
METHODOLOGY OF SCIENTIFIC WORK "INNOVATIVE METHODS OF ACTIVE TEACHING IN PRIMARY EDUCATION: FROM THEORY TO APPLICATION"
Authors:   Tashkent Economy And Pedagogical Institute Teacher, Uzbekistan, H.K Karshiboyeva
Published: April 2024

The article presents the approach and procedures used in the methodological department to study the implementation and impact of innovative active teaching methods in primary education. It describes the research design, participants, data collection methods, and analysis strategies used to explore the theoretical and practical aspects of active learning in elementary education settings.
ШАРДАРА СУАРУ АЛҚАБЫНЫҢ МАҚТА АУЫСПАЛЫ ЕГІС ДАҚЫЛДАРЫНДАҒЫ ЖЕР АСТЫ СУЛАРЫНЫҢ РӨЛІ
Authors: Рау Алексей , Калыбекова Есенкуль , Сейтасанов Ибрагим , Зулпибекова Сандугаш , Арыстанов Мейрам
Published: April 2024

Мақалада Түркістан облысындағы Шардара суару алқабының сұр топырақты  мақта ауыспалы егісінде жүргізілген зерттеу нәтижелері келтірілген.

Осы жылғы далалық зерттеулер мақта ауыспалы егіс дақылдарын өсірудегі сұр топырақтың, дәнді және көкөніс дақылдарын өсірудегі қоңыр және қара топырақтардың агроресурстық әлеуетін анықтады. Шардара суғару алқабының табиғи-климаттық жағдайы мақта ауыспалы егіс дақылдарын өсіру үшін қолайлы екені анықталды, ауаның орташа жылдық температурасы +12,5°с, температураның 10°С – тан жоғары қосындысы 4600-4800°с-қа тең, радиация жылына 60 ккал/см2/құрайды. Аллювиалды топырақ, егістік қабатының көлемдік массасы – 1,3 – 1,4 г/см3, кеуектілігі 48-50%, сүзу коэффициенті 0,08-0,26 м/тәул., тұз мөлшері-0,2–0,4%, жер асты суларының деңгейі 0,5–3,0 м, минералдылығы 1,2-3,7 г/л.

38731 га алқапта мақта егілді, суару мөлшері 10600-15300 м3/га, өнімділігі 22,2-24,65 ц/га. Суару каналдарының жалпы ұзындығы 91798,2 км құрайды, оның ішінде 12190,0 км шаруашылықтан тыс және 79718,2 км шаруашылықта.

Суармалы егіншіліктегі қиындықтар дренаж желісінің нашар жұмыс істеуінен, магистральдық арналардан сүзілуден, шаруашылықішілік суару жүйелерін ұтымсыз пайдаланудан және басқа да жағымсыз факторлардан туындайды. Соның салдарынан республикада 300 мың гектарға дейін суармалы жер қанағаттанарлықсыз жағдайда, ал бір млн.гектардан астам жер қолданыстағы суару желілерін түбегейлі жақсартуды талап етеді.
Attitude of Elementary School Teachers towards Action Research
Authors: Behera Harapriya
Published: April 2024

In education, action research is mostly used to identify specific issues in the classroom and offer practical solutions. Action research is linked to several activities in the area of education that address weaknesses and challenges. Teachers use action research to promote evidence-based practices, individualize professional development, and cultivate critical thinking. The current study was designed to find out how elementary school teachers perceived towards action research in this particular context. The study's methodology was a descriptive survey design. Using a simple random technique, a total of 120 elementary school teachers were selected to constitute the study's sample. Data were collected by using an ATR scale which the researcher had developed. The t-test, standard deviation (SD), and mean of the data used for analysis and interpretation. The hypothesis of the research was that, in terms of various characteristics, there would be no significant variance among elementary school teachers' attitudes towards action research. The findings revealed that the attitudes of male and female elementary school teachers toward action research differed significantly. Furthermore, it was discovered that there was no statistically significant difference in elementary school teachers' attitudes towards action research based on their academic stream or their professional education.
Navigating the Gray Area: Managing Borderline Cases in Orthodontics
Authors: Jyosthna A , Nathasha Mayma , Sukanya R. , . Vasupriyan
Published: April 2024

Borderline cases in orthodontics present unique challenges to orthodontists, as they often require tailored treatment approaches to achieve optimal outcomes. Firstly, borderline cases encompass a spectrum of orthodontic issues, including mild to moderate malocclusions, skeletal discrepancies, and asymmetries. Treatment planning for these cases involves a complete assessment of the patient's skeletal and dental characteristics, as well as individual treatment goals and preferences. Orthodontists must employ a combination of traditional fixed appliances, such as braces or clear aligners, and adjunctive techniques such as functional appliances, temporary anchorage devices (TADs), or orthognathic surgery when indicated.
COMPANIES‘ STRUCTURAL CHANGES AND WAGES
Authors: Puodžiūnienė Anastasija , Baležentis Tomas
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes how structural changes taking place in companies affect wages and determine their changes. It is relevant to examine how the structural changes of companies are related to wage indicators, because this reveals one of the most important economic consequences of the structural changes of companies, which is also significant at the level of the national economy. The aim of the research is to theoretically base the essence of structural changes, to empirically evaluate how the structural changes of companies and wages are related. A statistical study was conducted, investigating the links between wages and structural changes in Lithuanian companies. The method of correlation-regression analysis was applied. The results of the study show that one of the most prominent structural effects affecting wages is the development of enterprise activity (judging by indicators of turnover and investment in fixed assets) – this structural change is positively correlated with wage growth. Another structural change in companies, which is associated with the increase in wages, is the growth of foreign capital in domestic companies. The results of the study have practical significance in understanding the factors that determine wage growth in the country’s companies and forecasting wage growth.
In vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles in TM4 cells and their influence on spermatogenesis
Authors: Sadaqa Ebrahim , Utami Ratna Annisa , Mudhakir Diky
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This paper introduces a complete in vitro investigation of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PNNP) on mouse Sertoli cell line (TM4), as well as their impact on spermatogenesis.

Methods: Chitosan nanoparticles (ChNP) and PNNP were prepared using an ionic gelation process, while their cytotoxicity on TM4 cells was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Comet and fast halo assays were used to quantify single-strand DNA breaks in TM4 cells. To detect changes in cell morphology during apoptosis, nuclear staining with Hoechst 33342 was performed. An immunofluorescence assay was employed to examine the expression level of proteins connexin 43 and Claudin 11 in TM4 cells after exposure to PNNP concentration of 125 µg/mL.

Results: The synthesized PNNP had a size of 170.6 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.269, a zeta potential of +37.8 mV, and a good entrapment efficiency of 71.0%. Encapsulation of Phyllanthus niruri into ChNP induced DNA damage in TM4 cells as determined by alkaline comet and fast halo assay (FHA). Additionally, it stimulated apoptosis, as determined by changes in cell morphology by Hoechst 33342 staining. There was significant down regulation of blood-testis barrier (BTB) proteins in TM4 cells after exposure to PNNP which could compromise the integrity of BTB and subsequently disrupt spermatogenesis process in male.

Conclusion: Our investigation confirms the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of PNNP in TM4 cells, which could lead to spermatogenesis disruption and male infertility.
Indigofera jintongpenensis (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae, Indigofereae), a new species from Yunnan, southwest China
Authors: Yao Lan , Yang Yan , Zhao Xue-Li , Wang Qiu-Ping , Wang Huan-Chong
Published: April 2024

Indigofera jintongpenensis, a new species of the subfamily Papilionoideae of Fabaceae, is described and illustrated from Yunnan, southwest China. The new species is characterised by having a prostrate habit, flexible stems and branches, as well as spreading, sub-basifixed, asymmetrically 2-branched trichomes covering the entire plant, discoid calyx, and racemose inflorescences 6–8-flowered, short, 1–2 (–3.5) cm in length, apparently shorter than the leaf. A distribution map and comparison of morphological diagnostic characters with its morphologically similar species are provided. Additionally, a preliminary conservation assessment of I. jintongpenensis is proposed following IUCN criteria.
Caracterización química y nutricional de la harina de mezquite (prosopis juliflora, prosopis granulosa) para la formulación de un alimento funcional para la diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Méndez Trujillo Vianey , Ibarra Fernández Erick Baltazar ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Gonzalez Mendoza Daniel ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
Published: April 2024

Los alimentos funcionales se definen como alimentos que además de satisfacer las necesidades nutricionales básicas, existe evidencia de que contienen compuestos bioactivos, que, al ser consumidos de forma habitual como parte de dieta balanceada, son capaces de brindar beneficios fisiológicos y protección contra enfermedades crónico-degenerativas. En este aspecto, el presente estudio realiza una valoración de la harina de las plantas de mezquite (Prosopis juliflora y Prosopis granulosa). Para la determinación de metabolitos secundarios como flavonoides, compuestos fenólicos totales y capacidad antioxidante, proteína y azúcares, presentes en harina de las semillas de las especies de mezquite estudiadas. Los resultados indicaron que la harina de semilla presenta contenidos importantes de estos metabolitos secundarios, que podrían ser empleados en la generación de alimentos funcionales con potencial de ser empleados en el control de la diabetes tipo 2.
Changes in Corneal Epithelial Thickness in Different Areas After Femtosecond Laser–Assisted LASIK in Patients With High Astigmatism
Authors: Li Anqi , Liu Zhichao , Lin Meng , Gong Qianwen , Wei Linzhi , Lu Fan , Hu Liang
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

To explore changes in corneal epithelial thickness (CET) after femtosecond laser–assisted laser in situ keratomileusis in patients with high astigmatism.

Methods:

CET was measured at every intersection of the concentric circles and specific axes using AngioVue optical coherence tomography (Angio-OCT) preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively. The average thickness of corneal central, paracentral, and peripheral regions was the mean of the points within the central 2, 2 to 5, and 5 to 7 mm areas, respectively. Correlation analysis was performed to investigate the association between CET along different axes and other preoperative and postoperative parameters.

Results:

Forty-two eyes of 28 patients were included. CET along the astigmatic (K1) and perpendicular (K2) axes in the central and paracentral areas increased (
P
< .001), whereas that along the K2 axis decreased in the peripheral area 1 month postoperatively (
P
= .001). The amount of CET change in the peripheral area between the K1 and K2 axes was significantly different (
P
< .001). In the central area, the change in CET along the K2 axis was positively correlated with ablation depth (
r
= 0.315,
P
= .042) and negatively with refractive power after surgery (
r
= −0.347,
P
= .024). In the peripheral area, the changes in CET along both K1 and K2 axes were negatively correlated with ablation depth (
r
= −0.431,
P
= .004;
r
= −0.387,
P
= .011, respectively).

Conclusions:

Epithelial modeling differed between the different astigmatism axes after refractive surgery. The compensatory response of the corneal epithelium is more pronounced along the steeper axis.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(4):e239–e244.]
A novel within-host model of HIV and nutrition
Authors: Timsina Archana N. , Liyanage Yuganthi R. , Martcheva Maia , Tuncer Necibe
Published: April 2024

In this paper we develop a four compartment within-host model of nutrition and HIV. We show that the model has two equilibria: an infection-free equilibrium and infection equilibrium. The infection free equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number $ \mathcal{R}_0 < 1 $, and unstable when $ \mathcal{R}_0 > 1 $. The infection equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable if $ \mathcal{R}_0 > 1 $ and an additional condition holds. We show that the within-host model of HIV and nutrition is structured to reveal its parameters from the observations of viral load, CD4 cell count and total protein data. We then estimate the model parameters for these 3 data sets. We have also studied the practical identifiability of the model parameters by performing Monte Carlo simulations, and found that the rate of clearance of the virus by immunoglobulins is practically unidentifiable, and that the rest of the model parameters are only weakly identifiable given the experimental data. Furthermore, we have studied how the data frequency impacts the practical identifiability of model parameters.
Development of Problem-Based Mobile Augmented Reality Application to Enhance Creative Problem-Solving Skills for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Wongklang Piyanoot , Wipatsopakron Jirasak
Published: April 2024

This study aims to develop a problem-based mobile augmented reality (AR) application to enhance creative problem-solving skills among undergraduate students. The research involves an experiment conducted on a sample group of 30 undergraduate students enrolled in the maintenance of computers and audio-visual equipment course, selected through a simple random sampling method. The instruments used in the study included structured interview questions, needs assessment questionnaires, quality evaluation of mobile applications, evaluation of the learning plan, measurement of creative problem-solving ability, and satisfaction surveys. The data obtained were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, dependent t-test, and effect size statistics. The findings demonstrated that the developed mobile application achieved the highest quality level, with an average value of 4.62 (SD = 0.64). The mobile application efficiency reached 75.48 out of 75.16, meeting the established threshold of 75 out of 75. Using the mobile application led to statistically significant improvements in creative problem-solving skills after the learning process, with scores higher than those before learning at the 0.05 level. The effect size was 6.61, indicating a large impact. Additionally, student satisfaction with the mobile application was reported as the highest.
Development of an Advanced Biology Learning Website in the Fields of Biotechnology, Biochemistry, and Biomedicine with the STEAM Approach
Authors: Susanto Hendra , Ibrohim  , Basuki Andi , Fadzil Hidayah Mohd , Syafruddin Afis Baghiz , Gunawan Ari
Published: April 2024

The growing industry has given birth to various innovations, one of which is the emergence of three new branches of knowledge in biology: biotechnology, biochemistry, and biomedicine. However, this branch of science has not been explored in biology education for students. Technology, in the form of online learning platforms, can address current challenges. STEAM-based biology learning can increase student engagement, motivate creative exploration, and stimulate critical thinking. This study aims to develop an advanced biology learning platform and test the feasibility of the learning media. This study follows the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) model. The results of this study have led to the development of the “Advanced Biology” website, which contains various exciting features for students. This feature includes a homepage display, learning content display, case-based learning, and research project display. This platform provides engaging educational videos and comprehensive learning materials. The case studies on this site offer an overview of problem-solving and the current state of the industry. This media validates learning materials, media, and technology in the ideal category.
Africa at the Center of Digital Technology
Authors: Gwakwara Cleophas
Published: April 2024

Digital technology is defined as electronic technology that produces, stores, and processes data. Digital technology has evolved over time with several global players, including those in Africa, making varied but significant contributions within their capacities and digital spaces. A critical question that has been asked is to locate and clarify the myths and misconceptions surrounding the contribution of African Indigenous knowledge (AIK) to modern digital technology. Voronkova et al. assert that the development of digital technology was dominated by the United States (US) and Germany during the second industrial revolution following the widespread use of electricity from the second half of the 19th century to the early 20th century in that order.
Shipping Digital Twin Landscape
Authors: Katsoulakos Takis , Tsiochantari Georgia , O'Donncha Fearghal , Kaklamanis Eleftherios , Maccari Allesandro , Mucharski Marcin
Published: April 2024

The evolution of ship computerization towards digital twinning (DT) has been gradual, having its roots in the 1970s, when the first automated navigation and control systems were developed. Over the course of the past decades, the increased automation of ship functions, coupled in ICT advances, paved for the development and analysis of highly realistic ship models. These models are now enhanced and supported by sensor technologies that provide real-time data from ships. This chapter explores the transformative potential of digital twin technology to create virtual replicas of ships, their systems and broader shipping processes. These digital twins empower decision-makers in various stages, including ship design and operational management, both onboard and ashore, regarding ship and fleet management as well as optimised integration in multimodal transport networks. Additionally, they facilitate optimized integration within multimodal transport networks. The chapter provides insights into current state-of-the-art (SOTA) solutions, recent advancements, and emerging approaches in the maritime industry. Furthermore, the chapter delves into the regulatory aspects associated with the adoption of digital twins in the shipping sector, shedding light on potential risks and limitations. To assist in understanding and implementing digital twins effectively, the chapter introduces a comprehensive shipping digital twining architecture and a capabilities model. These frameworks can accommodate diverse technologies, enabling different levels of ambition and customization in the realm of shipping digital twins.
Human Resources Management in the Civil Aviation Sector
Authors: Alkan Ali Davut , Sunar Osman Nuri
Published: April 2024

The fact that the civil aviation sector has a multicultural structure by nature and assimilates this structure is a situation that has both advantages and disadvantages. This situation reveals the importance of human resources management in the civil aviation sector. The fact that personnel working in the civil aviation sector have the opportunity to work worldwide, provided they meet certain conditions, provides freedom of movement for these employees. Especially in developed countries, as a result of the decrease in the young population and the tendency to leave jobs that require intense physical strength and have relatively low wages to immigrants, it has become possible to see immigrant workers in most of the business lines. Strategic human resources planning is extremely important to keep this situation under control and to train human resources in every field that may be needed in the civil aviation industry in the future. An understanding of human resources management, which specializes in the field of civil aviation, knows the needs and deficiencies of this field, and guides decision makers by offering the right solution suggestions, is deemed essential.
Employee Relations Management in Aviation
Authors: Karaçelebi Fatma Gül
Published: April 2024

The study focuses on the importance of human relations and why employee relations should be given importance in the aviation industry. In this context, first of all, information is included about the changes in the perspective of human beings throughout the development of management thought. Information about the service profit chain and employee service quality model in organizations is included. In employee relations management, the concept of the internal customer and its importance are emphasized, and the hierarchical process of the internal customer concept is included. Information is provided on what organizational managers should do to improve employee relations, ensure employee satisfaction, and retain employees. The strategic importance of employee relations for organizations is revealed by including the results of previous research on employee satisfaction and relations. Various suggestions are included for the development and sustainability of employee relations management in the aviation industry.
Global Commercial Aviation Zero Emissions Target
Authors: Vieira Carolina Correia , Castro e Quadros Rui
Published: April 2024

These perspectives are primarily reflected on a global scale for 2050 with individual perspectives of the continuation of current technology, advancement in technology and operations, aggressive development of sustainable fuels and a technologically aggressive perspective. Where is considered the average annual percentage of air traffic growth, technology development, improvements in operations and infrastructure, sustainable fuels (SAF – sustainable aviation fuel), and use of offsetting. These scenarios will allow an analysis of the developments studied, with reference to the relationship between CO2 emissions from air transport and the volume of passengers transported, use of new more sustainable models for short and long-distance routes, discrepancies in the development of countries and consequently in achieving the targets. It also enables an overview of the aeronautical industry in the face of various barriers at political, social, economic, and technological level.