bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Big Data Model of Urban and Rural Cold Chain Storage and Distribution in Jilin Province Based on Low Carbon Perspective
Authors: Gao Lan , Zhang Xiaoming , Yang Yang
Published: December 2019

Logistics involves production, warehousing, distribution, sales, etc., all major links have become the industrial supply chain, resulting in a large number, a wide variety and complex big data. Under the concept of low carbon and environmental protection, the urban and rural cold chain distribution in Jilin Province should also respond to the green development policy, find laws from warehousing and distribution big data, and find a path of resource conservation and cost control. Based on this, the paper relies on Hadoop to design a big data processing platform for cold chain logistics distribution and warehousing in Jilin Province, and put data blocks into data nodes to achieve cold chain logistics data analysis and improve data processing efficiency.
Research on Data Model Application of Localized Display Software
Authors: Zhu Xiaoran , Zhou Yong , Zhao Fei , Zhang Juan , Yao Yujie
Published: December 2019

This paper combines the domestic display software research and development work, the display process and main technologies are described, the model design and verification under kirin operating system was carried out, the standardization of data representation model and the generalized control display data interface are studied, and the data driven mechanism and control model has carried on the preliminary study and practive application, the rationality of the test of verify the feasibility of technology and framework.The application results show that the design of the new software is feasible and efficient, which reduces the difficulty of control development, improves the flexibility and scope of application of the control, greatly reduces the workload of software maintenance, and plays a good role in the follow-up research and development of the software.
Research on Three Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Control Algorithm Based on Sliding Mode Variable Structure
Authors: Xu Pengfei , Jia Fangxiu
Published: December 2019

For the speed and position control of permanent magnet synchronous motor, an improved exponential reaching law is proposed. Firstly, the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor in rotating coordinate system is established, and the speed loop sliding mode controller and position loop sliding mode controller are designed. Lyapunov function is established to determine the stability of the designed controller. The control model of position loop, speed loop and current loop is used to simulate the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by comparing with the traditional sliding mode controller.
On issue of equivalence of methods of accelerated aging to natural by example of modeling climate impacts by freeze-thaw cycles
Authors: Erofeev A V , Mikhaylov V A
Published: December 2019

In this paper, the problem of establishing a correlation dependence between the actual operating conditions and accelerated aging of the material in the laboratory is set. As an example, the material considered is penoplex working in the system of ventilated façade for establishing the dependence of the selected strength in transverse bending. To find out the impact of climatic factors on the properties of the penoplex, a special stand was installed, which was operated in the conditions of the Tambov region for one year. As an accelerated aging, three alternate freeze-thaw schemes were considered. The schemes differed in the duration of soaking and freezing of the sample. The obtained results allow us to assert that various freeze-thaw simulation schemes lead to various changes in the characteristics of the material and before starting the simulation in each case it is necessary to establish an equivalent relationship.
Production technology of ceramic roof tiles based on raw materials of Ural region
Authors: Pavlova I A , Kutasheva S S , Farafontova E P
Published: December 2019

The technology of production of ceramic roof tiles on the basis of low-melting red-burning clay, namely on the basis of clay from the Sadovoye deposit of the Sverdlovsk region, is proposed. The samples of ceramic roof tiles, molded by plastic and semi-dry way, were obtained with the properties that meet the requirements of Russian standards and correspond to the quality of the Röben ceramic roof tiles. The water absorption of such products is 6.2–6.9%, the apparent density is 2.19–2.31 g/cm3, the products are waterproof for more than 4 hours, and withstand frost resistance for more than 150 cycles. The production technology involves the use of high-speed firing way in the temperature range of 1150–1200°C. The production technology provides for grinding the clay to a grain size of less than 0.3 mm. Molding of products can be done both in a plastic or semi-dry way. The use of high-speed firing is allowed. There is no destruction of products made on the basis of Sadovoye deposit clay.
Structural and thermal insulation products based on vegetable raw materials
Authors: Smirnova O E , Pichugin A P
Published: December 2019

The author of the article addresses the issues of obtaining insulation products based on flax shives. The article suggests a systematization method for the flax shives based materials, which takes into account the principle of obtaining construction materials based on flax processing waste on various types of binders. It is based on the literature data and the existing research. The possibility of using flax shives as a large structure-forming aggregate of concrete is determined along with the composition and properties of organic aggregate - flax shives. The article presents the optimal ratios selection of flax and binding bonfires in the preparation of granular materials. The characteristics of granulated aggregates on the basis of flax shives are given. The manufacture of cob granules was carried out in two technological ways: on a complex binder and on mineral binders with “dusting” with portland cement. The the method involving the coating of granules with a cement shell was used to produce a granulated material with higher rates of adhesion to the hardened stone of mineral binders in the concrete composition. The technological parameters of the granulation process are determined for two technological methods.
Porous filler from foam-zeolite and light concretes based on it for conditions of the Arctic and the North
Authors: Mestnikov A E , Fedorov V I
Published: December 2019

Vitreous porous aggregates and light concretes based on them undoubtedly have a great future in construction in the harsh conditions of the North and the Arctic. This article presents the results of experimental studies of the properties of similar porous aggregates and light concretes based on them, produced for the first time during semi-production tests from zeolite-containing rocks of the Khonguruu deposit in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It has been established that porous fillers made of foam rubber with a density of 150-300 kg/m3 have a rather high strength of 1.0-3.9 MPa. It is shown that with the optimal selection of the composition and fractions of granules of GFG there is a real possibility of obtaining a class of concrete B2.5 and B3.5 for low-density structural and heat-insulating concrete D500 and D600, thermal conductivity coefficients under operating conditions A are 0.14 and 0.16 W/(m×K), respectively. Such characteristics of a new type of lightweight concrete make them competitive with traditional wall materials such as wood concrete, expanded clay foam concrete, cellular concrete, etc.
Ultra-disperse modifying zeolite-based additive for gypsum concretes
Authors: Egorova A D , Filippova K E
Published: December 2019

Under modern construction conditions it is important to find the ways of cost reduction without deteriorating physical&mechanical properties of construction materials and their environmental properties. That is why the construction materials on the basis of the gypsum binder remain competitive and the increase of their operation properties is one of the relevant today tasks. In this paper the authors presented a way of increasing water resistance and strength of gypsum concrete by adding ultra-disperse modifying zeolite-based additive from available raw materials. The authors find out zeolite grindability and its chemical composition. The ultra-disperse modifying zeolite-based additive is a paste dispersed in water and added into a concrete mix as water solution. When 14% of the additive is included in gypsum paste the softening factor grows from 0.31 to 0.84 while the grade strength increases by 30%, the ultimate compression strength of dry samples - by 2.5 times and amounts to 30 MPa. Studying physical&mechanical properties and the micro-structure of gypsum&concrete samples proves the efficiency of using the developed ultra-disperse modifying zeolite-based additive.
Lime slag binding agent for road concrete
Authors: Voronin K M , Permyakov M B , Davydova A M
Published: December 2019

The article shows the comparative analysis of two compositions of cement concrete to use in road construction. In order to compare quality characteristics of the materials the method of Y.M. Butt was used that was implemented to test Portland cement samples made at Magnitogorsk cement refractory plant and cement rock on the basis of lime slag binding agent that was developed based on blast-furnace granulated slag together with Magnitogorsk Metallurguc Plant, PJSC. Computational and full-scale experiments were conducted to forecast the time changes of qualitative parameters of road surfaces with slag. It was established that its endurance to the first and second type of corrosion is higher. It was proved that lime slag concrete can be used in the production of road fine grain concrete instead of Portland cement, the presented binding agent also proved to be more economically feasible.
Neural network modeling of concrete bond strength to reinforcement
Authors: Yartsev V P , Nikolyukin A N , Korneeva A O
Published: December 2019

All the loss of bond strength of concrete to reinforcement is the main reason for loss of bearing capacity of a reinforced concrete structure. That’s why it is necessary to study the changes of bond strength of concrete to reinforcing bar by the influence of various factors. In addition, the mechanical characteristics of concrete change due to external and technological impacts. Making up an analytical model using artificial neural networks (NN), which allows determining the final bond strength through the mean values of shearing stress is considered in the article. The object of research is concrete of different strength classes, reinforced with steel and fibre-reinforced plastic rebar. The subject of study is the change in the value of bond strength of concrete to reinforcement after alternating freezing and thawing. It was found that the value of adhesion is associated with the strength characteristics of concrete and the type of reinforcement used. Also, a two-layer NN with reverse signal propagation was developed, which accurately describes the value of bond strength of concrete to reinforcement.
Program implementation of methodology for calculating and estimating residual life of frame of single-storey industrial building
Authors: Zolina T
Published: December 2019

The paper presents a description of the software and calculation complex that allows evaluatng the reliability, strength and stability of load-bearing structures of industrial buildings equipped with overhead cranes. It is built on the implementation of a consolidated algorithm aimed at the numerical solution of successively direct, inverse, and predictive problems of structural mechanics in a probabilistic formulation. The advantage of the complex is the possibility of forming for each design situation a large number of downloads, as well as the implementation and analysis of various schemes for their application with simultaneous action of components of the generalized load. The developed software and calculation complex acts as a tool for solving problems of computer processing of data obtained during a series of full-scale surveys of an industrial building equipped with bridge cranes aimed at determining the amount of residual life and the period of its trouble-free operation. Automating the calculation of indicators of reliability and durability in the dynamics of changes in their values, including in subsequent periods of operation of the facility, it becomes possible to predict emergencies and take timely measures to prevent them.
Impact of weld seams and connected elements parameters on stress concentration
Authors: Shuvalov A N , Emel’yanov O V , Kovalev M G
Published: December 2019

Existing construction regulations use durability estimations in nominal stress to ensure structural parameters of building elements. The maintenance time factor is only indirectly accounted for by load safety and service factors. Decreasing the number of accidents and minimising the damage caused by them leads to need of reliability and durability prediction for structural elements that go through cyclic loads. To make a reasonable choice regarding the sizes of constructive forms (due to concentration zones) of such elements, deformation criteria of fracture should be used. This makes it possible to account for kinetics of local elastoplastic deformations, with one-time and cyclic loads. Nowadays, dependencies connecting concentration coefficients of elastoplastic pressure and deformations with a concentration coefficient for elastic stress have been found. This article presents the results of change in elastic stress concentration coefficient around the heel and toe in zones of the fracture of gusset plates and from the frontal angles depending on their structural parameters (width and thickness of the angle’s shelf, thickness of gusset plate, length and cathetus of weld) based on the research on stress strain behavior of rods of the T-section from paired equilateral angles using the finite element method.
Notes for calculated resistance to tension for laminated wood
Authors: Labudin B V , Popov E V , Nikitina T A
Published: December 2019

Wood as a material with sharply expressed anisotropic properties fully transfers them to glued wood. Depending on the force vector under tension along, across and at an angle to the fibers, it differ tenfold. The results of studies of laminated wood tensile at different angles to the orientation of the fibers are given. The results of calculations are determined with testing of standard samples fordesign strength according to the method of ALTI–CNIISK. It is established that the angle between fiber orientation and vector of the applied force αis influenced a lot bythe tensile strength and depends on the sort of wood. The value of tensile strength is decreased when the angle vary from 0 to 90°. Experimental values are compared with theoretical results which are given in current standards –Rules and Norms 64.13330.2017 “Wooden structures”. The difference between theoretical and standard results is 4 … 70%. More accurate approximating expressions of experiments are presented, which can be used in practice instead of formula (6) from Rules and Norms.
Strengthening bridge spans by composite materials
Authors: Makarov A V , Rekunov S S
Published: December 2019

The modern effective method of reinforced concrete bridge superstructures reinforcement using composite materials is considered. The results of comparative analysis of physical and mechanical properties of materials used to strengthen the bridge spans that have received defects and damage during their operation are presented. The results of the performed analysis of experimental studies of building structures reinforced by similar methods are shown. Various options of fixing carbon lamellas on the surfaces of reinforced structures are investigated. An alternative method of fixing the carbon lamella using the anchor device, devoid of shortcomings of existing technical solutions, is proposed. The principle of operation of the proposed anchor device operating on the principle of tightening bar is described in detail. The article describes technological operations in strengthening the reinforced concrete beam of automobile and road bridge. Construction solutions of the organization of nodal connections are shown.
Factors determining characteristics of crack resistance of concrete structures
Authors: Varlamov A A , Davydova A M , Gavrilov V B
Published: December 2019

Despite the fact that concrete and reinforced concrete are the main construction materials, to date there is no complete theory of deformation and destruction. Structural concrete is considered at the level of macrostructure, has a number of features that do not allow you to directly transfer some of the provisions obtained for homogeneous materials. Available experimental data on the resistance of the concrete crack propagation relate mainly to the laboratory samples. In the paper, a new method for obtaining the fracture mechanics parameters of concrete, which is one of the most promising areas of research of fracture of composite materials. The study investigates the characteristics of cracks at different parameters of the segment breaks off. The study was carried out on finite element models. The authors studied the influence of the tilt angles formed by the segment on the stress state at the tip of the crack. In addition, the research separately considered the changes in mechanical properties of a break-off segment. As a result, the authors built regression tables and graphs. In conclusion, the research provides recommendations for the implementation of a shape for the break-off segment.
Use of modern technology of information modeling in capital construction object life cycle management
Authors: Maleeva T , Selyutina L , Frolova N
Published: December 2019

The urgency of the topic is determined by the problems and prospects for the development of information modeling technology in the Russian construction industry. Modern information modeling technologies provide new opportunities in assessing the efficiency of project management. The main problems related to the implementation of the building information modeling system at the operational stage have been described and characterized. The paper shows that information modeling technologies, being the foundation of digital construction, allow creating an integrated informational space in a single place and inseparable in time of use, as well as collecting and systematizing all object data, and making an information management process as efficient as possible.
Design of organizational and industrial relations in the renovation of urban areas
Authors: Topchiy D , Lapidus A
Published: December 2019

This article presents a study of links in organizational and technological structures and information support in construction control in the Russian Federation and other countries, including Great Britain, the USA, Germany, etc. It describes particular features of interconnection between the Customer and the General Contractor in construction product quality management abroad and substantiates the need for development of an automated design system of construction quality management. The structure of the state construction supervision in Russia at the objects of industrial and civil purposes is presented. The features of conducting Supervisory activities in construction are revealed, as well as the main aspects of such activities are presented. The article describes in detail the differences between the implementation of supervision and construction control on capital construction projects. The main issues arising in the performance of construction quality control are formulated.
Psychological support of fly-in/fly-out labour for construction companies working in Far North
Authors: Berseneva M , Vasilovskaya G , Danilovich E
Published: December 2019

The paper focuses on the methods of selecting personnel for work shifts at the construction enterprise in the extreme conditions of the Far North. The paper attempts to suggest ways of staff psychological support during the selection of candidates. Methods and means of psychological support of the adaptation period of shift workers are proposed, based on the analysis of changes in the level of efficiency and the psycho-functional state of the staff when working shifts in the severe northern region. Further recommendations are given on the application of methods to improve the process of adaptation to extraordinary living conditions at various stages of a shift work period. The paper investigates and determines the dependence of the efficiency of personnel on such indicators as the time of adaptation to shift work conditions with intense physical exertion, temperament, physical qualities, psycho-emotional state and age of candidates. The methods of teaching personnel self-control skills are proposed, the main components of psychological support for staff adaptation are highlighted. In conclusions, the main risk groups when selecting candidates for senior positions of personnel working shifts in the conditions of the Far North are identified.
On the competitiveness of a construction project
Authors: Filimonova L A , Skvortsova N K
Published: December 2019

As studies have shown, the ability to involve mechanisms for the efficient use of the resource potential to ensure the maximum possible reduction in the energy intensity of production, including through the development of new energy-saving technologies in modern economic conditions, determine the competitiveness of products (enterprise, region, country). The article considers the concepts of “energy efficiency” and “energy saving”; highlighting key problems of increasing energy efficiency at the level of Russian enterprises. It also substantiates the importance of the transition to energy efficient technologies in accordance with the principles of the International Standard ISO 26000 “Guidelines for Social Responsibility” in the development of design and estimate documentation for the investment projects. The paper characterizes energy efficiency as a key factor in the competitiveness of products (enterprise, region, country), quantifying the effectiveness of energy-saving measures and influence of energy efficiency on the level of competitiveness of the enterprise.
Experience of reconstructing deferrization station
Authors: Govorov O , Zubareva O , Govorov V
Published: December 2019

We conducted analysis of the currently functioning deferrization station. We demonstrate that in some cases stations built in 1950-60-s became obsolete, and technology based on simplified aeration followed by filtration does not ensure required quality of purified water at all times. Moreover, this article provides an example which justifies the development of tech solutions for the reconstruction of the deferrization station. We propose an introduction of new technology with bioreactors and filters with a floating load, use of technological pipelines from non-laminated polyvinyl chloride and energy-saving fittings. Results show that concentration of iron in purified water after the reconstruction does not exceed 0.075-0.084, manganese - 0.025-0.028 mg/l, turbidity is less than 1 FTU, chromaticity is less than 2.8 degrees. Total energy consumption comprises 0.96 kW per hour.
Purifying wastewater from dairy plant
Authors: Strelkov A K , Teplyh S Yu , Bystranova A O
Published: December 2019

Currently, there is a widespread expansion of existing and construction of new enterprises of the dairy industry. Sewage of dairy enterprises is characterized by a high concentration of pollution, their purification being a complex technical and scientific task. Current sewage treatment facilities do not meet the relevant standards, as a rule. This fact disrupts the municipal treatment facilities work significantly and leads to environmental pollution. Flotation and coagulation purification methods as well as their effectiveness in the application of dairy industry enterprises drains are considered. The problem of wastewater treatment of the food industry enterprises is largely related to the extraction of fats. An experimental study to determine the concentration of fat at different stages of treatment by gravimetric and IR spectrophotometric methods was conducted.
Compact groundwater treatment units
Authors: Govorova Zh , Semenovykh V , Medvedeva V
Published: December 2019

This thesis is dedicated to a systematic approach when choosing appropriate groundwater treatment technologies with regard to specific water consumers’ requirements. The groundwater analysis indicated that iron compounds were the main pollutants which could be found in biominerals, manganese, solution gases etc. This study represents the research results of compact groundwater treatment units which use nonchemical biological deferization methods and applied ozone treatment technologies. As the result, it was demonstrated that the source water with hydrogen-sulfide odor, 6.8 mg/l of iron content, 46 degrees of chromaticity and pH up to 7.6 was successfully treated in compliance with the statutory requirements. The authors also study wash water sediment structure and composition.
Vacuum consolidation for construction of motor road embankments in peat soil
Authors: Nikitin A
Published: December 2019

One of the efficient methods to accelerate primary filtration consolidation of peat is vertical draining combined with vacuuming.

This article presents the results of laboratory analysis of vacuuming impact onto the peat deformation rate in the bases of motor road embankments. It demonstrates that the duration of peat vacuuming increases and its efficiency decreases with the increase of pressure exerted by surcharge sand layer.

The results of compression tests have shown that relative peat deformation after vacuum consolidation is 0.24…0.37; this means the deformation rate of the road base in the course of operation will be significantly lower.

The effect of vacuum consolidation on peat settlement rate during motor road embankment construction was assessed by numerical simulation in PLAXIS software, which enables accounting for consolidation and creep processes in motor road base courses. The results of numerical simulation were used to compare the efficiency of preloading the peat using surcharge sand with the efficiency of vertical draining combined with vacuuming, considering the allowable embankment settlement rate during motor road operation. Due to a low settlement rate, the vacuum consolidation method ensures normal road operation and allows increasing the maintenance interval.
Application of numerical methods in research of deformation anisotropy soil
Authors: Korobova O A , Maksimenko L A , Solovyanova I Yu
Published: December 2019

The article provides a methodology for conducting studies of the effect of the deformation anisotropy on the stress and strain state of foundation soil provided. The investigation of the stress-strain state of a wide range of soil bases was performed by a finite element analysis with the application of method of mathematical experiment design techniques. The character of the stress change component depending on the variation for each factor considered characteristic zones subgrade as well, estimated effect on each component of the stress properties of the medium degree of meandering from the isotropic state. The efficiency of taking into account the deformation anisotropy of the soil in the calculations of the bases is estimated.
Golden section based method of 3D modeling of icosahedron and dodecahedron in construction design
Authors: Vasilieva V N
Published: December 2019

This paper provides an introduction of a three-dimensional modeling of the two most complex regular polyhedrons: icosahedron and dodecahedron. It is suggested to apply a method of the icosahedron and dodecahedron building by using rectangles with the sides ratio like in the golden section, and taking the icosahedron’s golden rectangles as a basis. The author gives information on the first mentioning of this building method by the Italian mathematician L. Pacioli in his Divine Proportion book. Based on this method, the building of the icosahedron and dodecahedron inscribed in the regular hexahedron and circumscribed about it is performed. This may be important for the design of facilities, based on the shapes of these geometrical figures, with inscribed regular hexahedrons for the purpose of a better organization of residential space of storeys. The examples of using the geometrical shapes of regular polygons (RP) in architecture are given. The building is performed using the AutoCAD package, but it also can be repeated in other known CAD software.
Methods of formation of receptor (voxel) geometric models for automated layout tasks
Authors: Tun Ye Win , Markin L V
Published: December 2019

In the framework of design automation, the capabilities of receptor (voxel) geometric models in the tasks of automated layout are shown. Being one of the methods of discrete geometric descriptions of composable objects, they make it possible not only to easily determine cases of their mutual intersection, but also to form intelligent composition algorithms (for example, traces). However, the receptor models are inherently in-machine themselves, which significantly complicates their use. At the same time, modeling composable objects by means of CAD systems (AutoCAD, SolidWorks, KOMPAS, Autodesk Inventor, etc.) presents no difficulty. The article shows the possibility of converting a solid-state model made in any of the existing CAD systems into a receptor one. This allows you to continue using this receptor model as the source for the subsequent operations of computer-aided design layout, taking into account additional factors. In our case, this is the definition of the possibility of delivering bulky objects, among others previously placed, which act as areas of prohibition in our case. The practical value of this study is to assess the possibility of moving super-large cargo along the construction site, assessing the ergonomic design of mechanical, electromechanical, airconditioning and other auxiliary equipment of civil and industrial buildings for ease of installation and subsequent maintenance. An algorithm implemented in the form of a macro CAD-system is described: the formation of a receptor model of a relocatable or assembly equipment based on its solid-state model.
New forms of synthesis in architectural and landscape design
Authors: Davydova O V
Published: December 2019

The current trends in the organization of landscape spaces as interior for the information society, using the multiple synthesis of the arts in the emotional “revitalization”, are considered. Repeated synthesis of the arts, close to synesthesia, syncretism and integration in the interaction with technology in new (other) combinations and scales. These are: the scenario of relations with the world, the route of action, the rules and sequence of the game, the system of connections between objects, the level of complexity of the interaction process, the emergence of emotions (from solving a multivariate task). There is a lot of variability of solutions in the saturation of the multifunctionality of design elements, the means of synthesis, affirming the universal human values of love, health, creativity and wealth. The concepts of positive impressions are analyzed, patterns of the structure of essence and sensation are considered. Justified replicability as a pattern of understandable and accepted by the society model of activity on historical examples. The features of landscape design as a synthetic art form, focused on the optimization of human life, taking into account anthropological, psychophysiological, ecological, aesthetic factors.
Ecological architecture of settlements as basis for improving life quality
Authors: Shabiev S G , Danilchuk M G
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the challenging issue of improving life quality based on ecological architecture which is the focus of a many-year research conducted by the researchers from the Faculty of Architecture at South Ural State University. They have been published the monographs and a number of articles, including the SCOPUS database; carried out the research and taken part in construction projects based on the ecological approach. The study shows a high form-shaping potential of ecological architecture as an effective instrument to improve the artistic expressiveness in construction. This instrument is successfully tested in eco-designing the general plan for Roshchino, a settlement near the city of Chelyabinsk. The general plan includes an architectural ensemble created with the innovative scientific developments in the field of architectural science providing a high-comfort environment with considering the established history of social and communication conditions.
Specific features of communicative advertising of construction goods
Authors: Vorobyeva O I
Published: December 2019

The article provides research in the sphere of methods and means for promotion of construction brands. Fundamental factors influencing the reconizability and uniqueness of goods and services of a certain segment in the market of construction companies were identified. The main communication channels of advertising messages were determined. The principles of marketing communications and their influence on a customer’s consciousness, as well as modern trends of advertising content were singled out. Target audience was researched by its social and economic status, and the interrelation of a certain category of consumers with marketing communication tricks was studied. The categories of advertisement in the market of construction services were reviewed. The examples of advertising media were made, and a list of references were compiled. The conclusion on the key aspects of research was made at the end of the article.
Architecture and planning in arrangement of bionic pieces in modern urban landscape
Authors: Smolina O O
Published: December 2019

Green construction is a worldwide priority, as it can reduce the negative environmental impact associated with high urbanization. On the one hand, we live in an era of unprecedented economic growth; on the other hand, the man-nature interaction is being altered. The attempts to address the complicated issues of environmental crises in cities, new ways to integrate nature in architecture have been discovered, and new tools have been invented to improve the quality and representativeness of urban landscapes. Not only do these activities help create an ecologically sustainable habitat; they also make nature more important to people in general. Of greatest practical interest is the science of natural biotech, which manifests in the art of arborarchitecture and arborsculpture: the generation of new buildings, or even various architectural and artistic shapes from trees and shrubs. This paper dwells upon the basic ways of integrating bionic pieces in the architecture and planning of Russian cities. As of today, the art of arborarchitecture and arborsculpture is still at infancy. This proves the relevance of an effort to describe such pieces in terms of the basic architectural and artistic composition tools; besides, bionic pieces must be viewed as structural elements of a whole composition.
Million-city site plan problems (Voronezh Case)
Authors: Gorbunova A N
Published: December 2019

The paper elaborately explores the problems of a million-city site plan by the example of the city of Voronezh. This topic was selected due to the questioned expediency of today’s site plans of Russian major cities raised in political and professional communities in late 2018. The site plan’s role and place in the strategic territorial planning was defined, features and specifics of this document were specified. Using the case of the city of Voronezh, acute problems — that must be considered when designing urban planning documentation — are listed. Commonly, designing a site plan of a major city must be preceded by consideration of matters related to sustainable growth in the urbanized region, including ensuring environmental reliability of agglomeration development regulation solutions. The set of specific factors that (a) require deep examination and consideration in site plans of major cities, and (b) condition the feasibility of the land use a planning document in relation with other fundamental documents.
Natural materials in sustainable architecture building system
Authors: Ilvitskaya S V , Lobkov V A , Lobkova T V
Published: December 2019

Modern architecture is increasingly in need of solutions that form a sustainable environment. One of the important techniques is the use of natural materials. The diversity of natural building materials, its uniqueness in terms of both physical and decorative properties, environmental friendliness, ease of use - are undeniable advantages for the formation of sustainable architecture. The article reveals the role of natural building materials both from the point of view of energy efficiency and from the point of view of their role in ensuring the originality of architecture and preserving its connection with the historical and natural aspects. It emphasizes the importance of natural materials as a link between architecture, style and its individuality.
Influence of Shamanism, Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism on development of traditional Chinese gardens
Authors: Tceluiko D S
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the influence of Eastern religions: shamanism, Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism on landscape art in China. The influence of each particular religion on traditional gardens was considered. The paper considers an indirect effect confession of the gardens. Shamanism is the most ancient religion originated in China. The first mystical parks appeared on the site of shrines or sacred land and intended for religious ceremonies. Taoism gave a way to organize space in traditional gardens - Fengshui. Many parks are the prototypes of the gardens of the Taoist legends and tales. Along with Buddhism in China a huge number of temples were built, and each temple has a garden. Confucianism is directly related to urban planning and traditional Chinese house. Each religion left its mark in the traditional Chinese garden.
Regulating architectural and civil engineering process in Russia in the 18th – the beginning of the 20th century
Authors: Zolotareva M
Published: December 2019

The establishment and development of authorities regulating and controlling the architectural and civil engineering practice are governed by a variety of components that include not only artistic and aesthetic ones, but also political and economic, social, legal and other aspects in the 21st century. The scientific novelty of the study is as follows: results of a comprehensive research of the system for control and regulation of the architectural and civil engineering process in Russia from the 18th century till the beginning of the 20th century as a part of central, industry-specific, territorial and local authorities are given. It is demonstrated that qualitative changes in the centralized system regulating the architectural and civil engineering process manifested in the needs of relevant stages of social and economic as well as political development of the country (transformations during the rule of Peter the Great, Catherine the Great, Alexander I, and Nicholas I; accelerated development of capitalism after the abolition of serfdom, drastic increase in the rate and scale of rental housing construction in cities). Development of operation of various authorities governing and regulating (central, industry-specific, territorial, local) architectural and civil engineering activities is shown.
Problems of transit area interior space of railway stations including those referred to monuments of architectural heritage
Authors: Kulakov A I , Krakovtseva Y V
Published: December 2019

Space planning decisions of the existing transit areas of railway stations do not meet the current norms in terms of transport security and transport capacity in many ways. The interior space designed for a far smaller passenger traffic flow does not allow all the new functions and does not have any free space to provide the information field in the confined conditions. The article is devoted to general matters that arise in the process of adaptation, modernization, reconstruction or restoration of existing railway station buildings.
To issue of territory renovation
Authors: Filimonova L A , Skrigalovskaya Y G , Deviatkina Y A
Published: December 2019

Based on the fact that renovation is a system of economic relations of real estate market participants regarding the more efficient use of urban space, the article formulates and justifies the significance of the project from the standpoint of preserving historical heritage in accordance with the principles of the International Standard ISO 26000 “Guide to Social Responsibility”. The principles of the standard predetermine the focus of the development project on the renovation of a building for the preservation of historical, cultural and / or architectural aspects with a new reading of the building technical and technological parameters that meet the requirements of a modern society.
Ecological approach to architectural design of hippological centers
Authors: Maltseva I N , Kaganovich N N
Published: December 2019

The main idea of the project work considered in this article is the creation of a unique world-class equestrian complex that meets the high standards of horse maintenance, training and rehabilitation, in Yekaterinburg (Russia, Sverdlovsk region). The article discusses the problems of modern hippological centers, trending growth areas based on the ‘soft methods of education’ theory – an alternative to the principles of sports and leisure complexes organization, requiring special approaches to the relationship between the horse and the man, new methods and techniques of realization. Technological and functional processes defining the peculiarities of the structural organization and architectural and planning solutions of these complexes are determined within the lines of the hippological science; new aspects and criteria for their development take shape, including the issues of ecological education in modern society
“Green architecture” in aspect of ecologization of buildings in the urban environment
Authors: Dorozhkina E A
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to improving the environmental comfort of the living environment in a limited territorial resource. From the ecological point of view, the modern urban environment, represented mainly by multi-storey and high-rise high-density buildings is unfavorable in many factors. The article substantiates the need to take into account environmental parameters in the formation of buildings. As an alternative to the anthropogenic environment, the formation of a powerful system of gardening is proposed. As solving the problem, it discusses the measures on creation of system of planting, including on-site areas and building space. The insufficiency of the number of green areas in the urban environment was noted. The groups of factors causing the degradation of natural landscapes of urban environment are identified and determined.

Alternatively, anthropogenic landscape in terms of the urban and suburbanite, discusses the formation of “green” buildings, as the totality of the architectural environment and landscaping. This creates a special environment aimed at the combined one-time use by several consumers. Landscaping of the building is considered at the level of integration of the plant with the structure of the building, forming a constant type of external and internal landscaping.
Construction – industry with increased and uncompensated occupational risk
Authors: Guzikova L
Published: December 2019

Technogenic sources and manifestations of the occupational risk of the builder are diverse. From the standpoint of occupational risk management, the factors affecting its level are of interest. The most serious result of occupational risk is occupational injuries, the frequency and severity of the consequences of which may be considered as quantitative expression of the risk level. In accordance with the provisions of economic theory, increased risk should be compensated by higher income. The purpose of this article is to assess the occupational risk in the construction industry in the regions of the Russian Federation and the extent of its compensation by wages. The analysis led to conclusions about the extremely high level of occupational risk of builders in most regions of the country, the absence of a pronounced effect of safety engineering costs on the risk exposures and the lack of risk compensation through the level of wages.
Comparative analysis of fire risks in coal and oil and gas industries
Authors: Gorlenko N V , Murzin M A
Published: December 2019

Due to modern conditions and trends in production activities, fire risk assessment at the facilities of the coal and oil and gas industries has become of great importance in determining the conditions for ensuring fire safety. The article describes the specifics of the main causes of emergencies associated with fires in the extraction of fuel and energy resources and the application of risk assessment methods. We identified a number of illogical axioms, as a result of which the calculated fire risk values are determined non-objectively and can lead to low fire protection at the facility and even to human losses. The aim of the article is to improve the fire safety assessment applied to the facilities of the coal and oil and gas industries. In connection with the identified deficiencies in the calculation of fire risk according to regulations, it was proposed to make changes to the “Methods for Determining the Calculated Values of Fire Risk at Production Facilities”, which will make it possible to more accurately determine the value of fire risk and reduce the likelihood of emergencies.
Sources of carcinogenic risks for atmosphere of Irkutsk Region cities
Authors: Belykh L I , Shaimanova K A
Published: December 2019

In the paper, the authors compared the dynamics of the carcinogenic benzo(a)pyrene content in the atmospheric air of the Irkutsk Region cities and the cancer morbidity of the population. Further, the authors estimated benzo(a)pyrene emissions from “low” power heat sources (boiler houses and household furnaces). Dependences of the content of benzo(a)pyrene in the atmosphere of cities on its gross emissions by “small” heat sources, on the area of forest fires are found. The study showed their impact, as well as the impact of motor transport and forest fires on the state of the atmosphere of industrial and agricultural cities of the region. The authors drew a conclusion about the contribution of man-made and natural sources to the atmospheric pollution with benzo(a)pyrene, and about the need to define it and develop measures to reduce emissions.