bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Kidney impairment and its associated factors among HIV-infected antiretroviral treatment-naïve adult patients in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Egbi Oghenekaro
Published: June 2021

Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of kidney impairment (KI) and associated factors among HIV antiretroviral treatment (ART) - naïve patients in Bayelsa State in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria.
Methodology: A retrospective study was carried out in the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital (NDUTH) using case notes of patients who presented from 2011 – 2020. Socio-demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were retrieved. The Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Epidemiology (EPI) Collaboration formula and Cockcroft Gault equation were used in estimating the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and creatinine clearance (CrCl) respectively. KI was defined as eGFR < 60 mls/min.
Results: The prevalence of KI was 13.8%. Up to 59.5 % had CrCl below 90mls/min. KI showed significant association with age >45 years, married status, presence of co-morbidity, and high HIV RNA load. However, only age was independently associated with KI {AOR 3.4{CI 1.2- 9.6 p = 0.018)}.
Conclusion: The prevalence of KI was 13.8% while up to 50.5% had reduced CrCl. Age < 45 years was the only determinant of KI though ‘being married’, having co-morbidities and high viral load also showed significant association. There is a need for regular assessment of renal function in HIV- infected patients.
MEDIATION – CURRENT STATE OF USE IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: Shabani Faton
Published: June 2021

Mediation is a flexible, non-binding dispute resolution method in which a neutral (impartial) third party (mediator) helps two or more disputes to reach a voluntary, negotiated settlement of their disputes. Mediation, emerging strongly as an alternative method of dispute resolution (with the help of neutral third party), has made litigation today not to be treated as the only option for dispute resolution between individuals and businesses. As a means for resolving disputes it has found application especially in business, labor, family, insurance, consumer and construction disputes. The cost, speed and expertise of resolving disputes are some of the key factors that attract individuals, businesses, organizations but also state bodies and institutions to support and promote mediation in this era of globalization and life and activity exposed to the dynamics of contemporary developments. Added to this, however, is the acceptance in the vast majority of cases of dispute resolution reached by both parties to the dispute, but also the privacy and confidentiality of the resolution of their case. Despite the fact that mediation internationally has already been seriously established in the area of dispute resolution, in the Republic of North Macedonia, the legal framework and implementation in practice is at the forefront. For this reason, in addition to the empirical, descriptive and normative treatment, the author through the methods of analysis, synthesis and statistical method processes the official results of the Ministry of Justice to give a clear picture of the trends of the use of mediation in dispute resolution over a period of 5 years (2016-2020) in the Republic of North Macedonia.
La praxís en enfermería- sentido de vocación enfermero
Authors: García Martínez María Guadalupe
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo toma una muestra representativa de trabajadores del sector salud (personal de enfermería) tiene la finalidad de hacer una revisión del término praxis e identificando las acciones en la disciplina de enfermería, fundada en el conocimiento científico y finalmente llegar a una conclusión del uso de la praxis en la profesión de enfermería, además muestran una debilidad en la práctica de procedimientos por la contingencia de pandemia COVID-19. Se aplican instrumentos de evaluación con el objeto de diseñar estrategias que brinden una mayor eficacia en la realización de procedimientos en paciente COVID-19, y se logre una mejora en la actitud del personal.
Thermal History of Asteroid Parent Bodies Is Reflected in Their Metalorganic Chemistry
Authors: Matzka Marco , Lucio Marianna , Kanawati Basem , Quirico Eric , Bonal Lydie , Loehle Stefan , Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe
Published: June 2021

Organo-magnesium compounds were shown to contribute significantly to the soluble carbon molecular complexity and diversity of meteorites, and their analysis increases our knowledge on carbon stabilization/sequestration processes in the asteroidal parent body. Here we present a new group of sulfur-magnesium-carboxylates detected using ultra–high-resolution mass spectrometry in a variety of meteorites. These novel compounds show increased abundance correlated with the thermal history of the asteroid parent bodies. By comparing the soluble organic extracts of 44 meteorites having experienced variable post-accretion history, we describe distinct organic compound patterns of sulfur-magnesium-carboxylates in relation to their long- and short-duration thermal history. It is shown that the exceptional stability of these molecules enables survival of carbon under harsh thermal extraterrestrial conditions, even in the vitrified fusion crust formed during entry into the Earth's atmosphere. Sulfur-magnesium-carboxylates augment our understanding of parent body proceedings with regard to carbon sequestration and speciation in space.
On the Binary Neutron Star Post-merger Magnetar Origin of XRT 210423
Authors: Ai Shunke , Zhang Bing
Published: June 2021

XRT 201423 is an X-ray transient with a nearly flat plateau lasting 4.1 ks followed by a steep decay. This feature indicates that it might come from a magnetar formed through a binary neutron star (BNS) merger, similar to CDF-S XT2 and as predicted as a type of electromagnetic counterpart of BNS mergers. We test the compliance of the data with this model and use the observed duration and flux of the X-ray signal as well as upper limits of optical emission to pose constraints on the parameters of the underlying putative magnetar. Both the free zone and trapped zone geometric configurations are considered. We find that the data are generally consistent with such a model. The surface dipolar magnetic field and the ellipticity of the magnetar should satisfy B

p
< 7 × 1014G (B

p
< 4.9 × 1014G) and ϵ < 1.5 × 10−3 (ϵ < 1.1 × 10−3) under free zone (trapped zone) configurations, respectively. An upper limit on the distance (e.g., z < 0.55 with η

x
= 10−4 or z < 3.5 with η

x
= 10−2) can be derived from the X-ray data, which depends on the X-ray dissipation efficiency η

x
of the spin-down luminosity. The nondetection of an optical counterpart places a conservative lower limit on the distance of the source, i.e., z > 0.045 regardless of the geometric configuration.
Setting a Protocol for Identification and Detecting the Prevalence of Candida auris in Tertiary Egyptian Hospitals Using the CDC Steps
Authors: Khairat Sahar Mohammed , Anany Mervat Gaber , Ashmawy Maryam Mostafa , Hussein Amira Farouk Ahmed
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Candida is considered the most common cause of opportunistic infections in the world. Increased use of antifungal agents may have led to increasing resistance of Candida for antifungals and may be related to therapeutic failures. Recently, a multidrug-resistant Candida auris has immerged causing outbreaks in several countries all over the world. This discovered superbug is widely spread causing a broad range of health care-associated infections.
AIM: This study aims to set a protocol for the identification and detection of the prevalence of C. auris in tertiary Egyptian hospitals following the center of disease and control (CDC) methodology.
METHODOS: Over almost 2 years, 400 Candida isolates were collected from different wards of Cairo University Hospitals. Identification of species of all isolates was done by germ tube test followed by sub-culturing on chromogenic agar media for confirmation. Candida non-albicans isolates were further subjected to thermotolerance. Isolates that grew in 42°C were further identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry for definite species identification. Antifungal susceptibility using E-test was done for isolates identified by MALDI to detect resistance patterns.
RESULTS: Among the 400 isolates, 227 (56.75%) were Candida albicans while 180 (43.25%) were non-albicans Candida. Candida non-albicans was classified by Chromagar as following; 25 (13.8%) were Candida tropicalis, 43 (23.8%) were Candida krusei, and 112 (62.2%) were other Candida spp. (Candida glabrata, Candida kefyr, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida lusitaniae). Using thermotolerance, 10 isolates grew at 42°C suspecting C. auris. MALDI-TOF was used for definite and final identification; five isolates were identified as C. glabrata, four as C. krusei, and one C. kefyr. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the 10 identified isolates revealed total resistance to fluconazole.
CONCLUSION: Following the set protocol for identification based on CDC guidelines, C. auris is not prevalent in Egyptian hospitals. Fluconazole resistance is on the surge among candida isolates. Further studies on a bigger scale including larger number of hospitals are recommended.
Polymorphism of Thyroid Hormones Receptor, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme, and High Blood Pressure in Childbearing Age Women with Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Wibowo Agus , Hastuti Pramudji , Susanti Vinayanti
Published: June 2021

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the association between two polymorphisms of thyroid hormone receptor and renin-angiotensin system (THRA C/T and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D) genes with hypertension in childbearing age women with hypertension.

METHODS: This was a case–control study including 35 cases and 40 matched control subjects. The case group was hyperthyroid women with hypertension while the control group was hyperthyroid women with normotension. The polymorphisms were identified by a classical polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS: The THRA C/T gene and ACE I/D polymorphisms were not associated with the hypertension while the genotype frequencies in hyperthyroid women with hypertension were as follows: CC genotype was 25.71%, CT genotype was 54.29%, and TT genotype was 20.00%. The ACE I/D genotype frequencies in hyperthyroid women with hypertension were as follows: II genotype was 23.53%, whereas in hyperthyroid women without hypertension, the I/D genotype frequencies were CC: 7.50%, CT: 72.50%, and TT: 20.00%. There were no differences in age, thyroid-stimulating hormone, FT4, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic BP between subgroups in ACE I/D, and at THRA rs-939348. There was a significant difference in the levels of FT4 concentrations in THRA rs-939348. Hypertension groups have higher SBP than controls. Genotype II had higher SBP but it was not statistically significant, while individuals with allele I had SBP higher than D allele.

CONCLUSIONS: The I allele of the ACE gene is involved in susceptibility to hypertension and polymorphism in THRA increasing concentration of FT4. There was no statistically significant difference in blood pressure between hyperthyroid women with or without hypertension.
Exosomes of Adipose-derived Stem Cells Conditioned Media Promotes Retinoblastoma and Forkhead-Box M1 Protein Expression
Authors: Murlistyarini Sinta , Aninda Lulus Putri , Widyarti Sri , Endharti Agustina Tri , Sardjono Teguh Wahju
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: In the senescence process, the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein binds to E2F in hypophosphorylated conditions, preventing the cell to enter the S-phase in the cell cycle. Human Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) protein, key regulator G1/S and G2/M phases, decreases in the senescence process. Many studies have been carried out to reverse this system, one of which used exosomes of adipose-derived stem c ells conditioned media (ADSC-CM). These exosomes contain a variety of specific proteins which have pro-proliferation properties, however, little is known on the role of these exosomes toward the change of phosphorylated Rb and FOXM1.

AIM: This study aims to find out the involvement of exosomes of ADSC-CM on these two proteins on senescence human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs).

METHODS: In vitro experiment was undergone randomization sample and non-blinded pre-/post-test control group. The primary culture of senescent HDFs was transfected with exosomes of ADSC-CM; then, its effect on migration and senescence reversal was observed through analyzing Sa-β-gal, Rb, and FOXM1 protein expression.

RESULTS: The expression of Sa-β-gal was higher in the control group. Our result demonstrated the exosome of ADSC-CM significantly induced the expression of Rb and FOXM1 protein in senescent HDFs (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: It proved that exosomes of ADSC-CM could shift the senescent fibroblast into metabolically active cells.
Moringa oleifera Teabags Increase Hemoglobin in Adolescent Females
Authors: Tirtawati Gusti Ayu , Kusmiyati Kusmiyati , Purwandari Atik , Donsu Amelia , Korompis Martha , Wahyuni Wahyuni , Kuhu Fonnie , Keintjem Femmy , Tuju Sjenny , Dompas Robin , Montolalu Agnes
Published: June 2021

AIM: The study aims to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera teabags on increased Hemoglobin (Hb) in adolescent girls.

METHODS: The research method used in this research was a pre-post-test one group design, a research design to determine the cause and effect or effect of an intervention. The treatment was carried out by giving M. oleifera teabags 2 times. Specifically, one sachet (3 g) in the morning and one sachet (3 g) in the afternoon, dipped in 250 ml hot water, and added two teaspoons granulated sugar. The treatment was given for 30 days.

RESULTS: An increase in the average of Hb (mean) before the intervention was 10.71 g/dl. After 15 days of the intervention, it was 11.03 g/dl. Subsequently, after 30 days of intervention, the average Hb value (mean) was 11.63 g/dl, then the p-value ≤ α, which was 0.000 (p < 0.05), and these results indicated a significant difference between Hb before and after the intervention.

CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference between Hb before and after the intervention, meaning that there was an effect of Moringa leaf teabags on the increase in Hb in adolescent females.
Sporadic Spinal Schwannomas and Neurofibromas – a Review
Authors: Apostolov Georgi , Kitov Borislav , Poryazova Elena , Kehayov Ivo
Published: June 2021

Tumours arising from the spinal nerve roots are more common in men between the third and fourth decades of life, located mainly in the intradural space of the lumbar region. The clinical symptoms of spinal schwannomas and neurofibromas are similar and depend on the location of the tumour and its relationship to the spinal cord and nerve roots. The pain (radiculalgia and/or vertebralgia) is the earliest symptom, followed by sensory deficit, while motor deficits and sphincter disorders are late symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging is the diagnostic tool of choice and should be performed when the disease is suspected, as early and accurate diagnosis is essential for treatment outcome. The treatment of these lesions is surgical aiming at total tumour resection that promotes neurological recovery and prevents from recurrences. Subtotal removal also provides favourable outcome but at higher recurrence rates. The aim of this literature review was to study some important characteristics of sporadic spinal schwannomas (SSS) and neurofibromas (SSN), i.e. those notassociated with neurofibromatosis type I and II.
Portal vein reconstruction during pancreaticoduodenal resection using an internal jugular vein as a graft
Authors: Kostov Gancho , Dimov Rossen
Published: June 2021

Portal vein involvement by malignant tumours of the head of the pancreas is observed in almost 50% of the patients. In the past, this finding usually rendered the tumor inoperable. Over the past 30 years, the operative morbidity and mortality rate of pancreatectomy combined with portal vein resection has greatly decreased, and portal vein resection in pancreatic surgery has become a well-tolerated operative procedure in large-volume centres. Options for a venous reconstruction after SMV/PV resection include prosthetic, autologous or cryopreserved cadaveric vein grafts.Vascular resection and reconstruction provides great opportunity for R0 resection and improvement of oncological results in patients with pancreatic tumors and involvement of venous vessels, in the absence of distant metastases. If a longer graft length is required, there is the option of using either synthetic prosthesis or cryopreserved grafts. Their weak sides can be avoided by the use of jugular vein graft. Portal vein resection will be performed more often, safely and aggressively over the next years.
Global and Regional IUCN Red List Assessments: 11
Authors: Orsenigo Simone , Abeli Thomas , Al-Rammahi Hayder M. , Azzaro Dario , Cambria Salvatore , D’Agostino Martina , Mohammad Mohammad K. , Tavilla Gianmarco , Fenu Giuseppe
Published: June 2021

In this contribution, the conservation status assessment of three vascular plants according to IUCN categories and criteria is presented. It includes the global assessment of Limonium parvifolium Tineo and Viscaria alpina (L.) G.Don, and the regional assessment of Rhazya stricta Decne. (Iraq).
Effect of the secretome of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells induced by dexamethasone in vitro on the expression of phospho-NF-κB p65 and Ki-67 in mononuclear cells
Authors: Golubinskaya Polina A. , Puzanov Maksim V. , Burda Svetlana Yu. , Kostina Darya A. , Burda Yuriy E.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: To investigate the influence of secretomes from native and dexamethasone-treated adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC) on the proliferation of mononuclear cells (MNCs) and on their expression of phospho-NF-κB p65 in vitro.

Materials and Methods: MMSCs were isolated from the fat of 5 healthy donors. The cells were grown in culture up to passage four, then treated with dexamethasone for 3 hours, washed off the preparations, and incubated in a serum-free medium for 48 hours. Some of the cells were not treated with dexamethasone. Supernatants from cell cultures were concentrated by ultrafiltration, standardized by the content of galectin-1, sterilized, and added to MNCs from peripheral blood of 8 healthy donors. MNCs were isolated in a Ficoll density gradient according to a standard protocol. The expression of phospho-NF-κB p65 and Ki-67 in MNCs under the influence of MMSC secretomes in isotypic and negative controls was determined on a flow cytometer.

Results and Discussion: The expression of phospho-NF-kκB p65 and Ki-67 is decreased by the MMSC secretome. At the same time, a statistically significant decrease in phospho-NF-κB p65 by 36.2% (p< 0.05) is observed when using a secretome from native cells. Ki-67 expression is reduced by 42.3% (p < 0.05) under the influence of a secretome from dexamethasone-treated MMSCs.

Conclusion: The MMSC secretome, as well as MMSCs themselves, has an anti-inflammatory effect due to the effect on the expression of the active form of NF-κB and the proliferative activity of mononuclear cells. At the same time, pretreatment of cells with dexamethasone reduces the effect on phospho-NF-κB expression and increases the inhibitory effect on MNC proliferation.
Rediscovered after almost 100 years: new faunistic data of Thaumalea rumanica with additional records of Thaumaleidae from Romania
Authors: Keresztes Lujza , Dénes Avar-Lehel
Published: June 2021

Thaumalea rumanica is a member of the family Thaumaleidae and it has been described from a few localities surrounding Băile Herculane, south-west Romania. Since its discovery, no further data were published on this endemic species of restricted range from the Carpathian region. On August 18, 2020 a single male specimen was collected at Poiana Mărului, in Olteana valley, south-west Romania, at 720 m altitude by the present authors, which is farther north from its typical location. This new finding suggests a larger distribution of the species in the Southern Carpathians. Based on our recent faunistic survey, a new species, Thaumalea remota was added to the Thaumaleidae fauna of Romania, with a revised checklist of the family, based on both personal and recent literature data.
Examining Social Networks in Text Messages About Nursing Home Resident Health Status
Authors: Powell Kimberly R. , Popescu Mihail , Alexander Gregory L.
Published: June 2021

Social network analysis (SNA) uses quantitative methods to analyze relationships between people. In the current study, SNA was applied in two nursing homes (NHs) to describe how health care teams interact via text messages. Two data sources were used: (a) a Qualtrics
®
survey completed by advanced practice RNs containing resident transfer data, and (b) text messages from a secure platform called Mediprocity™. SNA software was used to generate a visual representation of the social networks and calculate quantitative measures of network structure, including density, clustering coefficient, hierarchy, and centralization. Differences were found in the low and high transfer rate NHs for all SNA measures. Staff in the NH with low transfer rate had greater decision-making interactions, higher information exchange rates, and more individuals communicating with each other compared to the high transfer rate NH. SNA can be applied to examine communication patterns found in text messages occurring around the time of NH resident transfers. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(7), 16–22.]
End-Of-Life Care Communication in Long-Term Care Among Nurses, Residents, and Families: A Critical Review of Qualitative Research
Authors: Bennett Frank B. , Hadidi Niloufar N. , O'Conner-Von Susan K.
Published: June 2021

RNs in long-term care (LTC) are a critical nexus for end-of-life (EOL) care communication with older adult residents and their families. A critical review of 17 qualitative research studies examined nurses' experience with EOL care in LTC. Findings indicate that time, preparation, advocacy, organizational resources, and a continuous, relational approach support EOL care communication. Regulatory burdens, understaffing, workflow demands, family and organizational dysfunction, anxiety, and depression impede EOL care communication. The current review revealed a gap in the literature describing LTC RNs' unique perspectives and knowledge regarding EOL care communication with residents and families. There is a current, pressing need to understand the facilitators LTC RNs use to overcome obstacles to effective EOL care communication. Future research could inform clinical practice guidelines and EOL care nursing education, enhancing LTC nurses' capacity to develop trust-based relationships and improving the efficacy of current EOL care communication interventions in LTC. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(7), 43–49.]
Optimal investment and reinsurance of insurers with lognormal stochastic factor model
Authors: Hata Hiroaki , Sun Li-Hsien
Published: June 2021

We propose the stochastic factor model of optimal investment and reinsurance of insurers where the wealth processes are described by a bank account and a risk asset for investment and a Cramér-Lundberg process for reinsurance. The optimization is obtained through maximizing the exponential utility. Owing to the claims driven by a Poisson process, the proposed optimization problem is naturally treated as a jump-diffusion control problem. Applying the dynamic programming, we have the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equations and the corresponding explicit solution for the corresponding HJB. Hence, the optimal values and optimal strategies can be obtained. Finally, in numerical analysis, we illustrate the performance of the proposed optimization according to the results of the corresponding value function. In addition, compared to the wealth process without investment, the efficiency of the proposed optimization is discussed in terms of ruin probabilities.
Inverse optimal control of regime-switching jump diffusions
Authors: Yin Wensheng , Cao Jinde , Ren Yong
Published: June 2021

This paper studies the inverse optimal control using Legendre-Fenchel (in short, LF) translation method for regime-switching jump diffusions. Our approach is to first design inverse pre-optimal stabilization controllers and then obtain inverse optimal stabilizers, which avoids solving a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. Finally, an application to stochastic Hamiltonian systems with Markov regime-switching is studied in detail for illustration.
Photo-acoustic response and optical features of 2D-TlGaSe2 and GaAs semiconductors
Authors: Grivickas Vytautas , Gulbinas Karolis , Bikbajevas Vitalijus , Grivickas Paulius
Published: June 2021

The paper focuses on investigation of the acoustic-optical properties of 2D-TlGaSe2 and GaAs semiconductors using laser pulses. We present the photo-darkening experiments performed by using CW light in spectral ranges below the band gap of TlGaSe2. The data provides evidence that photo-acoustic signals (PAS) for the above band gap are significantly stronger and linear in 2D-TlGaSe2 while they are distorted by nonlinear processes in isotropic GaAs. The comparison discloses characteristic parameters of TlGaSe2, namely a high factor and a negative sign in the refraction coefficient with pressure, a low absorption coefficient and absence of band filling; all guarantee stabile energy conversion by thermoelastic deformation mechanism. Below the band gap range, we found a new kind of PAS in TlGaSe2 on near surfaces. Likewise, we demonstrate that in such spectral range the giant Stark effect in TlGaSe2 is created by focused CW beams. The Stark effect produces local optical darkening which can provide explosion at extreme light power. Likely, both effects could be related to the planar stacking faults in 2D-TlGaSe2, which produce a spontaneous charge separation on layers.
An Analysis of the Impact of Spectral Contrast Feature in Speech Emotion Recognition
Authors: Kumar Shreya , Thiruvenkadam Swarnalaxmi
Published: June 2021

Feature extraction is an integral part in speech emotion recognition. Some emotions become indistinguishable from others due to high resemblance in their features, which results in low prediction accuracy. This paper analyses the impact of spectral contrast feature in increasing the accuracy for such emotions. The RAVDESS dataset has been chosen for this study. The SAVEE dataset, CREMA-D dataset and JL corpus dataset were also used to test its performance over different English accents. In addition to that, EmoDB dataset has been used to study its performance in the German language. The use of spectral contrast feature has increased the prediction accuracy in speech emotion recognition systems to a good degree as it performs well in distinguishing emotions with significant differences in arousal levels, and it has been discussed in detail.
 
A development of quantum gravity with Hamilton's tensor equation
Authors: Guangzhou Ge
Published: June 2021

This author further develops the theory of quantum gravity with Hamilton's tensor equation so as to achieve the compatibility between quantum and space-time. He also reveals the underlying new geometric structure behind it, which is the geometry of energy-time or matter-space that can
be regarded as the further development of Einstein's space-time geometry. On this basis, this author probes into such topics that include CPT symmetry, new transistor, new superconductor, antigravity, and new law of gravity creating something out of nothing in the universe.
Agility as the fundamental concept of classical mechanics
Authors: Roth Yehuda
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we introduce a mathematical formalism that demonstrates how concepts are implemented in physical theories, with a focus on the agility concept. We define a concept manifestation as a process, in which a concept is assigned to an object (e.g., a body or a particle). In
the implementation stage, a physical theory is spanned, and we demonstrate how the implementation of the concept of agility generates the rules of classical mechanics and, in some aspects, general relativity. Using this approach, we show that both expressions for momentum— <mml:math
display="inline">  p   = m
r        and   p
 = (  / λ )
 c     —originate from the same source-time derivative of an agility operator. We conclude that physical laws that can serve as representative concepts may be
useful in artificial intelligence systems.
Entropy, the magic ruler?
Authors: Van Den Einde David
Published: June 2021

The 18th century foundations of the second law of thermodynamics are discussed. The association between Carnot efficiency and Clausius entropy is described to show the questionable use of Clausius entropy as proof of Carnot’s assumption that the rate the ideal gas can convert
heat energy to work between temperatures T1 and T2 sets a universal limit on the convertibility of heat to work by all 2T cyclical process.
The Influence of Heating Time on the Mechanical Properties of Laser Though-Transmission Welded Polyamide PPA40GF Joint
Authors: Jankus Simonas Mindaugas , Bendikiene Regita
Published: June 2021

The goal of this work was to investigate effect of heating time during welding on mechanical properties of High Performance Polyamide thermoplastic composite material PPAGF40. Studies showed that welded joints with shorter heating time from 6.1 s to 6.7 s had a higher amount of pores and burn mark defects compared to the welded joints with longer heating time. Cross-section analysis of welded samples revealed tendency, that samples with higher heating time from 7.4 s to 11.5 s possessed more homogenous weld seam and higher resistance to burst pressure, respectively from 5.1 bar to 7.5 bar, while the resistance to pressure values of shortest heating time range, respectively are varying from 3.3 bar to 3.9 bar. The weld seam defects like pores and burn marks weakened the welded joint. 470 W of laser power energy input influenced fast melt-down of a cover and a housing, which caused material partial evaporation and later on formation of pores inside weld seam. By using lower 450 W of laser power and scanning speed of 1900 – 1700 mm/s, we can observe more homogenous weld seam. The cross-section of the samples were examined by using optical microscope. Mechanical resistance to pressure was performed in order to evaluate the performance of welded joints of different heating time of PPAGF40.
Comparison of Stress-Strain States of Rail-Wheel Pair Made of Steel and MoNiCa
Authors: Sherbakov Sergei , Bahdanovich Aliaksandr , Nasan Aleh , Podgayskaya Daria , Shemet Liudmila , Wen Ze Feng , Zhao Xin , Bendikiene Regita , Ciuplys Antanas , Jutas Audrius
Published: June 2021

Contact interaction in a wheel-rail pair and its corresponding stress-strain state for various combinations of materials of this pair and the weights of passenger and freight cars were considered. The materials under study were steel and high-strength cast iron based structural material MoNiCa with strength and wear-fatigue characteristics close to steel ones.The load on each wheel was: 53.9 and 294.3 kN for an empty and loaded freight car, 146.8 kN and 230.5 kN for an empty and loaded passenger car. The bottom surface of the rail was rigidly fixed.Young's modules were adopted as follows: 200 GPa for steel and 165 for MoNiCa. The results of finite element calculations of the three-dimensional stress-strain state showed that the largest von Mises stresses of 613.08 MPa occur in the wheel (steel)-rail (steel) pair of the loaded freight car. For all types of loading, the lowest stresses (15.8 % – 16.7 % less than in the steel-steel pair) are observed in the wheel (MoNiCa)-rail (MoNiCa) pair. This indicates the appropriateness of using MoNiCa for the manufacturing elements of the wheel-rail system.
Development of High-Strength Foamed Concrete Compositions
Authors: Namsone Eva , Sahmenko Genadijs , Namsone Elvija , Korjakins Aleksandrs
Published: June 2021

Unlike traditional materials, the development of high-performance foamed concrete with a compressive strength of up to 20 MPa and a density of up to 1400 kg/m3 allows the use of foamed concrete as a constructive material with additional functions including good thermal insulation properties, sound insulation and capillary porosity needed to ensure hydrothermal conditions. Unlike autoclaved aerated concrete, foamed concrete can also be used in monolithic construction.The studies of high strength foamed concrete were performed by using mostly local mineral components and mixing technology by using planetary activator which provides a fundamentally new mixing mode that combines intensive mixing, foaming and activation of components. To realize the experimental part of the research, turbulence type foamed concrete mixer SPBU-LUKS was used.
Nanostructured TiAlSi-CN:Me/a-CN:Si3N4 Composite Coatings Deposited by Advanced PVD Technique
Authors: Kanders Uldis , Lungevics Janis , Leitans Armands , Boiko Irina , Berzins Karlis , Trubina Zane
Published: June 2021

Nanostructured smart coatings (NSC) based on the TiAlSi-CN composite structure elements were deposited using advanced reactive physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. The novel NSC on steel substrates demonstrated enhanced wear and corrosion resistance required for multifunctional high-tech applications. The deposited NSC containing TiAlSi-CN nanoparticles strengthened by Cr, Nb and Hf additives exhibited a coefficient of friction (CoF) less than 0.2 and wear rate as low as 10E-8 mm3/Nm. In addition, some self-healing properties were observed preventing denitrification of the core carbon-nitride (CN) layer due to specific tribochemical reactions of Al and Si constituents. Thus, the chemical composition and tentative nano-structure of the NSC can be described by a stoichiometric formula TiAlSi-CN:Me/a-CxNy:Si3N4, where Me=Cr, Nb or Hf.
The Duplex Coating Formation Using Plasma Nitriding and CrN PVD Deposition on X39CrMo17-1 Stainless Steel
Authors: Drajewicz Marcin , Góral Marek , Pytel Maciej , Kościelniak Barbara , Kubaszek Tadeusz , Wierzba Patrycja , Cichosz Piotr
Published: June 2021

The nitriding process is a well-known technology for increasing of wear resistance of steel. The conventional gas nitriding process of stainless steel is difficult in the case of surface passivation and formation of Cr2O3. The using of plasma enables to form hard surface area during the nitriding process. The plasma nitriding process was developed using Ionit Metaplas device. The kinetic growth was analysed in 2, 4, 6 and 8 h processes. The plasma gasses composition was selected for formation only diffusion layer without “white area” of nitrides. The microstructure, chemical and phase composition were analysed. As a result, the diffusion layer was formed. The iron nitrides formed the precipitations in the diffusion layer. The obtained results showed that 4h process enables to form nitride layer with required composition and hardness. The relationship between process time and nitride layer thickness and its hardness was observed.
Early-Derived Murine Macrophages Temporarily Renounce Tissue Identity during Acute Systemic Inflammation
Authors: Soysa Radika , Bean Jonathan C , Wu Xia , Lampert Sarah , Yuen Sebastian , Crispe Ian N
Published: June 2021

In mice, a subset of cardiac macrophages and Kupffer cells derive from fetal precursors, seed the developing tissues, self-renew locally, and persist into adulthood. In this study we investigated how these cells survive acute systemic inflammation. In both tissues, early-derived subsets rapidly responded to acute systemic inflammation by assuming a temporary nonclassical activation state featuring upregulation of both proinflammatory (Il1b, Tnf, Nfkb1), and anti-inflammatory (Il10, Il4ra, Nfkbiz) genes. During this process, transcription factor genes associated with myeloid identity (Spi1, Zeb2) were upregulated, whereas those associated with tissue specificity (Nr1h3 for Kupffer cells and Nfatc2 and Irf4 for cardiac macrophages) were downregulated, suggesting that the cells reasserted their myeloid identity but renounced their tissue identity. Most of these changes in gene expression reverted to steady-state levels postresolution. We conclude that these early-derived macrophage subsets are resilient in the face of acute stress by temporary loss of adaptation to local tissue-specific niches while reasserting their generic myeloid identity.
A Canadian computer controlled, permanent magnet and Hall-sensors equipped EM wire-rope tester
Authors: Geller L B , Leung K , Udd J E
Published: June 2021

In response to requests by both the Canadian mining industry and the mine regulatory authorities, CANMET's MRL (i.e., Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology's Mining Research Laboratories) undertook a project in 1986 to comparatively evaluate, on a
carefully controlled experimental basis, the performance of a range of Canadian, American, and German electro-magnetic (EM) wire-rope test instruments. Test results, and a complete list of previous CANMET reports, were presented in a paper at the Royal School of Mines, London, UK, in June 1993
(reference 1).
In the following paper the authors discuss their most recent work, undertaken as a direct consequence of the specific conclusions drawn from their 1986-1992 project results. In particular they describe the development of the prototype version of a computer controlled, permanent magnet and Hall-
sensors equipped wire-rope tester, commercially to be designated as the Magnograph II.
Case Studies on Acupuncture Principles in Headaches
Authors: Pradhan Saroj Kumar , Gantenbein Andreas Rudolf , Li Yi-Ming , Frese Sebastian , Lehmann Susanne , Angst Felix
Published: June 2021

Objective:

This observational cohort pilot study aimed to evaluate the effects of the acupuncture methods, Jiu Cang Zhen (JCZ) and Huang Guan (HG), on changes in headache intensity in an inpatient, multimodal Zurzach Headache Programme (ZHP).

Methods:

Study participants consisted of patients diagnosed with chronic headache disorder (headache ds, 30 days per month) or daily persistent headache. All patients received conventional therapies with active and passive approaches. The patient group was treated with JCZ and HG acupuncture methods, receiving a total of six to eight acupuncture sessions of 50 to 60 minutes each, during a 3–4-week multimodal ZHP at the RehaClinic Bad Zurzach. Pain intensity was quantified using a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) before and after each acupuncture therapy session.

Results:

Ten patients were recruited, six women and four men, with a mean age of 41.7 (standard deviation, [SD] =13.9). A reduction in headache intensity was reported by all patients in each of the sessions. The average NRS for pain was 4.21 (SD = 1.44) before acupuncture and 1.24 (SD = 0.93) after acupuncture (means first by number of sessions, then per n = 10 patients). This resulted in a mean difference of 2.97 (SD = 1.04), corresponding to a standardized response mean of 2.85 (95% confidence interval: 2.11–3.60, one-tailed P < 0.001), meaning there was a large effect.

Conclusions:

This pilot study shows that JCZ and HG are suitable acupuncture methods for reducing headache intensity in the treatment of headaches. A comparison with the conventional classical acupuncture methods from the acupuncture textbook for traditional Chinese medicine students in China, exploration with a larger patient group, and prolonged monitoring of pain behavior could be foci of follow-up investigations.
Clinical Investigation and Molecular Diagnosis of Microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) in Shrimps from Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Marimuthu Shamala , Raju Chandramathi Samudi , Bhassu Subha
Published: June 2021

In recent years, shrimp aquaculture production in Southeast Asia countries was highly infected by, microsporidian parasite, EHP. Recently, shrimps from farms located in Selangor were encountering growth retardation and it highly concerned us to carry out a clinical investigation in both farms (Location A and B). EHP infected P. monodon samples were collected from both locations. A total of 43 shrimp samples were collected and diagnosed via PCR using the 18S rRNA gene. Environmental parameters were found relatively higher than the advised values. It indicates that the farms are highly infected and toxic which had led to growth retardation and mortality. However, no significant differences were observed (except water temperatures) between the locations. The phylogenetic analysis expressed EHP detected from Malaysia formed in one clade and all the reference sequences clustered based on geographical continents (Asian-Latin America). Minimum-spanning network analysis shows that Malaysia samples Location A are genetically related with other Asian EHP samples even though the total positive rate of EHP infection was lower. However, samples from Location B were not clustered within the EHP clade and shows the highest genetic variance within Malaysia and among Asian samples. This preliminary investigation results confirmed the incidence of EHP outbreak in Malaysia.
A Cost-effective DNA Isolation Strategy from Crustaceans Enables the First Molecular Phylogenetic Identification of Moina macrocopa from India
Authors: Bhanushali Shital , Katti Kritika , Ramchandani Jyoti , Sen Subhojit
Published: June 2021

We report the first barcode identification of water flea species Moina macrocopa (strain JSK1) from the Indian subcontinent. The strain isolated from a freshwater pond near Mumbai by collective efforts of CUBE (Collaborative Undergraduate Biology Education), was morphologically characterized as Moina species. Keeping up with the growing demand of affordable science in colleges and to avoid hazardous technologies, we established a home grown porcelain-abrasion DNA extraction strategy for crustaceans, and compared it against routinely used protocols employing liquid nitrogen or insect-DNA isolation kits. Our method successfully yielded high quality genomic DNA from Moina, comparable to published protocols as further analysed by restriction digestion, ligation and PCR efficiency. We also sequenced two barcoding loci namely, COI and ITS sequences, duly submitted and curated by Genbank (accession numbers MH734122.1 and MH745035.1). Molecular phylogenetic analyses identified the Indian species as Moina macrocopa and related it closely to the Russian clade. Protein prediction analyses of the variations in COI revealed that the missense mutations lie in the aliphatic membrane helices and should not affect the catalytic capacity of cytochrome oxidase. The strain JSK1 is currently disseminated and maintained collectively by CUBE students across India, towards developing it as a model system.
PERMANENT HEALTH EDUCATION FROM THE BASIC CARE MANEGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, de Carvalho Enderson Rodrigues , Padilha Roberto de Queiroz ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sampaio Sueli Fátima ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos
Published: June 2021

Pesquisa qualitativa com o objetivo de analisar o conhecimento e aplicação da política de Educação Permanente em Saúde, na perspectiva de gestores da Atenção Básica de um município do interior de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados junto a 25 profissionais, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. A análise dos dados aconteceu por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin (1979). Os resultados foram organizados em duas categorias: Educação Permanente em Saúde: dimensão conceitual e Educação Permanente em Saúde: desafios para operacionalizar a EPS. Estes resultados mostraram que, no campo conceitual, há a verbalização de forma clara de que os profissionais conhecem a EPS; contudo, o espaço para discussão se dá de forma pouco articulada, pouco organizada e não ocorre de maneira contínua. Quanto aos desafios para operacionalizar a Educação Permanente em Saúde, conclui-se que se faz necessário o investimento na implementação desta política de forma a criar espaços, desenvolver e melhorar a construção coletiva de reflexões da prática do trabalho, o que resulta no uso da política como mais uma ferramenta de gestão.
Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial terhadap Penyesuaian Diri Taruna Tingkat Pertama Jalur Mandiri di ATKP Makassar
Authors: Erna W Agnes
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap penyesuaian diri taruna taruni tingkat pertama Atkp Makassar. Populasi penelitian ini adalah taruna taruni tingkat pertama jalur madiri ATKP Makassar. Sampel berjumlah 48 taruna/i. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik proporsional random sampling. Metode pengambilan data dengan menggunakan skala dukungan sosial dan skala penyesuaian diri dengan modifikasi skala likert. Analisis menggunakan analisi regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel (X) dukungan sosial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel (Y) penyesuaian diri pada taruna jalur mandiri ATKP Makassar. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari hasil analisis korelasi sebesar 0,677. Koefisien determinasi dalam penelitian ini sebesar 0,458 artinya dukungan sosial berpengaruh terhadap penyesuaian diri sebesar 45,8% sedangkan sisanya 54,2% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak ada dalam penelitian ini. Dari hasil uji t dapat dilihat bahwa nilai thitung dari variable bebas dukungan sosial sebesar 5,892 yang lebih besar dari ttabel pada taraf signifikansi 0,05 adalah 1,682. Dikarenakan thitung> ttabel (5,892 > 1,682) maka H1 diterima.  Artinya variable bebas dukungan sosial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variable penyesuaian diri.
Tinjauan Runway Occupancy Time Landing Terhadap Konfigurasi Taxiway di Bandar Udara Haluoleo Kendari
Authors: Idyaningsih Nining
Published: June 2021

Keteraturan Lalu lintas Udara di Bandar Udara Haluoleo Kendari belum sepenuhnya terpenuhi karena terbukti masih sering terjadi pesawat yang menggunakan opposite runway harus delay. konflik antara depature and arrival aircraft pada kondisi dimana pesawat akan take-off dari runway 08 dan landing runway 26. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh Runway Occupancy Time landing setiap Pesawat yang beroprasi di Bandar Udara Haluoleo Kendari. Metode yang digunakan yaitu membandingkan antara konfigurasi taxiway dan Runway Occupancy Time landing dengan ICAo Doc 9157 - Aerodome design manual part 2 taxiway, keseimbangan antara kapasitas maksimum dan efisiensi dari sebuah aerodrome itu terletak pada balance between runway and apron is taxiway sebagai penghubung. Hasilnya ROTL pesawat yang beroperasi terlalu besar dan untuk efisiensi penerbangan harus dikurangi karena sering menghambat pesawat yang akan lepas landas.
Pengaruh Disiplin dan Motivasi terhadap Prestasi Akademik Taruna dalam Simulasi Kehidupan Kapal di Kampus BP2IP Tangerang
Authors: Ratna Ika Setiyaningsih Untari
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara intelegensi terhadap prestasi akademik taruna dalam simulasi kehidupan kapal di kampus BP2IP Tangerang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatf dengan sampel Taruna BP2IP Tangerang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel acak (sampling). Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan survei. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala likert. Hasil penelitian menun jukkan bahwa secara parsial terdapat pengaruh langsung positif yang signifikan antara disiplin dan motivasi terhadap prestasi akademik Taruna dalam simulasi kehidupan kapal di Kampus BP2IP Tangerang.