bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Different Penetration Rates of Shared Autonomous Vehicles on Traffic: Case Study of Budapest
Authors: Matalqah Issa , Shatanawi Mohamad , Alatawneh Anas , Mészáros Ferenc
Published: June 2022

The accelerating emergence of vehicle automation and the anticipation of the advent of shared mobility through fully autonomous vehicles indicate the beginning of a new era of mobility which has the potential to reshape the future of transport in urban areas. In light of such developments, it is important that communities prepare to adapt to the changes they might entail. Therefore, in this paper, traffic flow theory, simulation-based dynamic traffic assignment, and a computer experiment using PTV Visum software were employed to study the impact of different market penetration rates of shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) on a city-size traffic system. The city of Budapest during morning peak period was chosen as a case study, and a simulation model was created by incorporating SAV elements and their interrelationships into the existing traffic model of the case study city; three alternative future penetration rates were examined in relation to five key performance indicators (KPIs). The simulation results indicated that the implementation of the SAV system has a positive effect on traffic performance. Based on the relationships between the modeled SAV demand shares and the network’s KPIs in the designed scenarios, the overall network performance showed improvement along with an increase in the SAV demand share.
Parking Planning With Route Assignment for Planned Special Events
Authors: Zheng Yujing , Cao Jing , Shen Yu , Liu Bing , Ji Yuxiong
Published: June 2022

During a planned special event (PSE), vehicular and pedestrian movements are concentrated around the PSE venue for short periods, leading to potential conflicts and safety issues. Vehicles tend to park as close as possible to the venue for the convenience of attendees. Taking into account the characteristics of PSE traffic patterns, a strategic vehicle parking planning model is proposed to integrally optimize the assignment of parking lots and inbound/outbound routes around the venue. Two prioritized objectives were considered for traffic safety and for the convenience of attendees. The proposed model was first validated in a small-scale example, and then adopted in a real-world case that took place in Taiyuan, China. The resulting parking plan presented an efficient reduction in the conflict points between vehicular and pedestrian movements, leading to an acceptable average walking distance for attendees. To evaluate the impact of different management preferences on the parking plan, a series of weights for conflict points were set according to potential conflict locations, occurrence times, and types. The results demonstrated that the number of conflict points with higher weights could be effectively reduced by the parking plan.
Health Care Logistics Network Design and Analysis on Pandemic Outbreaks: Insights From COVID-19
Authors: Cetinkale Zeynep , Aydin Nezir
Published: June 2022

Health care systems throughout the world are under pressure as a result of COVID-19. It is over two years since the first case was announced in China and health care providers are continuing to struggle with this fatal infectious disease in intensive care units and inpatient wards. Meanwhile, the burden of postponed routine medical procedures has become greater as the pandemic has progressed. We believe that establishing separate health care institutions for infected and non-infected patients would provide safer and better quality health care services. The aim of this study is to find the appropriate number and location of dedicated health care institutions which would only treat individuals infected by a pandemic during an outbreak. For this purpose, a decision-making framework including two multi-objective mixed-integer programming models is developed. At the strategic level, the locations of designated pandemic hospitals are optimized. At the tactical level, we determine the locations and operation durations of temporary isolation centers which treat mildly and moderately symptomatic patients. The developed framework provides assessments of the distance that infected patients travel, the routine medical services expected to be disrupted, two-way distances between new facilities (designated pandemic hospitals and isolation centers), and the infection risk in the population. To demonstrate the applicability of the suggested models, we perform a case study for the European side of Istanbul. In the base case, seven designated pandemic hospitals and four isolation centers are established. In sensitivity analyses, 23 cases are analyzed and compared to provide support to decision makers.
Safety Evaluation of Freeway Exit Ramps with Advisory Speed Reductions
Authors: Megat Johari Megat Usamah , Megat Johari Nusayba , Savolainen Peter T. , Gates Timothy J.
Published: June 2022

Posted speed limits inform drivers of the legal maximum allowable speed. In contrast, advisory speeds provide recommendations to drivers based on highway design, operating characteristics, and conditions. Various studies have investigated the safety impacts of speed limit changes, particularly on high-speed rural highways. One area of particular concern on such roadways is the approach to exit ramps that require substantive speed reductions, such as loop ramps. To date, there has been limited research examining the safety impact of the differential between the mainline speed limit and the lower exit ramp advisory speeds. This study aims to evaluate this relationship through the estimate of a series of safety performance functions. Random effects negative binomial regression models were estimated using data from 187 exit ramps where advisory speed signs are present throughout Michigan. The analyses were conducted based on a five-year period from 2014 to 2019, excluding 2017 data because of speed limit increases. In addition to speed differentials, various roadway characteristics such as deceleration lane length and curve radius were also evaluated. Results indicate that crashes increased as the difference between mainline and ramp speed increased. Crashes were also shown to decrease on ramps where the upstream deceleration lane length was greater than the minimum recommendation as per current design guidance.
Adding Multi-Day Attributes for Ridesharing Simulations via Data Fusion
Authors: Mendoza Iván , Tampère Chris M. J.
Published: June 2022

Evaluating ridesharing potential is a trend in current research efforts because ridesharing provides additional mobility alternatives without extra putting vehicles on the road. Nevertheless, in most studied scenarios, the demand revealed by surveys and demographic information does not include multi-day characteristics of a trip such as frequencies on weekdays. Yet this is important for estimating the supply of rides, as the recurrence or regularity of a trip may affect the likelihood of a driver making the effort of registering the trip as being available for sharing. Likewise, if automated apps are used to recognize patterns in one’s trips and pro-actively offer them for sharing, the successful anticipation of such apps may again depend on the regularity of the trip. However, since multi-day data are complex to produce, in this paper, a data fusion procedure is proposed to generate an enriched synthetic demand for more realistic assessments. This can be achieved by combining standard single-day data sets with travel behavior patterns, which can be extracted from lifelogging data collected by most existing mobile apps. The resulting data sets after transferring information from the travel patterns to a recipient data set via statistical matching, will constrain matching trips by multi-day characteristics allowing complex scenarios. This approach enhances the evaluation of ridesharing and other shared-mobility systems and thus their ability to plan better strategies.
Intra-articular Damage and Patient Outcome Comparison Between Athletes and Nonathletes After Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Shapira Jacob , Glein Rachel M. , Yelton Mitchell J. , Maldonado David R. , Lall Ajay C. , Domb Benjamin G.
Published: June 2022

Background:

The body of literature comparing hip arthroscopy between athletes and nonathletes is relatively scarce. Analyzing these groups can help to shed light on the severity of intra-articular damage and end-stage osteoarthritis that may result from participation in strenuous activities.

Purpose:

(1) To compare the intra-articular damage at the time of hip arthroscopy between athletes and nonathletes, and (2) to compare the pre- and postoperative outcomes between the groups.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Patients were considered eligible for analysis if they had received a primary hip arthroscopy between August 2008 and June 2018, were participating in competitive athletics, and had preoperative baseline scores and minimum 2-year follow-up for the following patient-reported outcomes: modified Harris Hip Score, Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS), Hip Outcome Score–Sports Specific Subscale, and visual analog scale. Propensity score matching was used to match eligible patients in a 1:1 ratio to patients who were not participating in any sports greater than a recreational level before surgery.

Results:

A total of 234 patients were included. There were no significant differences in the severity of labral tears, ligamentum teres tears, or cartilage damage ( P > .05). The procedures performed between cohorts were similar ( P > .05). The athlete population had higher preoperative means scores for the modified Harris Hip Score and NAHS (each P < .001). Likewise, the athlete population had higher postoperative means scores for the NAHS, Hip Outcome Score–Sports Specific Subscale, and visual analog scale ( P = .031, P = .030, and P = .032, respectively). Additionally, the athlete cohort reported higher minimum 2-year outcomes than the nonathlete cohort for the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (mental component; P = .003) and Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (mental component, P = .032; physical component, P = .005).

Conclusion:

At the time of hip arthroscopy, athletes demonstrate similar intra-articular damage to their nonathlete counterparts. Given their higher preoperative scores, it is possible that athletes better tolerate the damage to the hip joint. Despite their strenuous activities and potentially higher tolerance to pain, athletes should not necessarily be expected to have greater severity of intra-articular pathology.
Design, Implementation, and Assessment Approaches Within an Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Elective Course
Authors: Crutchley Rustin D. , Newsome Cheyenne , Chen Li Wei , Li Debbie , Sarangarm Preeyaporn , Min Amy , Bowers Dana , Coetzee Renier , McKeirnan Kimberly C.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: An estimated 38 million people are living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide. Pharmacists are well positioned to provide care to patients with HIV, but gaps in HIV education among pharmacists exist. Recognizing the need to educate and prepare future pharmacists, a 2-credit advanced HIV elective course was created for Doctor of Pharmacy students at Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences in the United States, and Masters of Clinical Pharmacy students from University of Western Cape School of Pharmacy in South Africa. Methods: Course topics included diagnosis and treatment of HIV in children and adults, management of common comorbidities, pre-exposure prophylaxis, pharmacogenetic applications, and antiretroviral drug-drug interactions. Course effectiveness was evaluated using student examination results. Student perceptions were evaluated using pre- and post-course self-assessments involving abilities, confidence, and attitudes toward caring for people living with HIV. Results: Student pharmacists demonstrated competency in HIV knowledge, demonstrated skills in application to clinical-based scenarios, and reported significantly improved confidence and abilities as well as positive changes in attitudes toward people with HIV. Conclusion: This course contributed to student learning across different student cohorts in an institutional program in the United States including successful execution of distance learning and clinical application for students at a program in South Africa.
Functionally graded materials: A review of computational materials science algorithms, production techniques, and their biomedical applications
Authors: Panchal Yash , K Ponappa
Published: June 2022

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are specially designed composite materials that gradually change their material properties. This distinctive property of materials comes with new challenges in the design and manufacturing sector. For such challenges, the best options are material property computation and material modelling using different computational materials science (CMS) algorithms. This review paper provides enriched information on CMS with an overview of the available FGM production techniques with a detailed study of FGM use in biomedical applications based on the available literature over the past couple of decades.
British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) United Kingdom national guideline on the management of Trichomonas vaginalis 2021
Authors: Sherrard Jackie , Pitt Rachel , Hobbs Kate Russell , Maynard Michelle , Cochrane Eleanor , Wilson Janet , Tipple Craig
Published: June 2022

The main objective of this guideline is to assist practitioners in managing individuals diagnosed with Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). It offers recommendations on the diagnostic tests, treatment regimens and health promotion principles needed for the effective management of TV. It covers the management of the initial presentation, as well as how to prevent transmission and future re-infection. It is aimed primarily at people aged 16 years or older presenting to health care professionals, working in departments offering specialist care in sexually transmitted infection (STI) management within the United Kingdom. However, the principles of the recommendations are applicable across all levels of STI care providers (N.B. non-specialist services may need to develop, where appropriate, local care pathways).
Determinants of sexual function in male patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Campos-Guzmán Jonathan , Valdez-López Martín , Govea-Peláez Samuel , Aguirre-Aguilar Eduardo , Perez-Garcia Luis F , van Mulligen Elise , Castillejos-Molina Ricardo , Barrera-Vargas Ana , Merayo-Chalico Javier
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Our study aims to describe the association between SLE and sexual function, analysing demographic variables, comorbidities and other disease-related factors. As an exploratory objective, the impact of asking about sexual function during outpatient consultation was evaluated.

Methods

From 2018 to 2019, we invited sexually active men diagnosed with SLE to complete questionnaires that evaluated their sexual function and quality of life. Additionally, patients were asked if they believed they had sexual dysfunction, whether they would be interested in receiving specialized sexual care, and if they considered SLE to be detrimental to their sexual function. Epidemiological and disease-related data were retrieved from the patients’ clinical records.

Results

We included 124 men with SLE. Twenty-two (18%) patients answered positively when asked if they believed they had sexual dysfunction. These patients had lower overall erectile function scores and lower physical function scores than those who did not consider they had sexual dysfunction. In the multivariable analysis, factors that were associated with better sexual function were high physical function (B = 0.126, p = .031), lower BMI (B = 0.53, p = .010) and the patient’s perception of normal sexual function (B = 13.0, p < .001). Comorbidities associated with worse sexual function were type 2 diabetes (B = −8.1, p = .017) and a history of thrombosis (B = −5.12, p = .019).

Conclusion

Sexual function of male patients with SLE is impaired, independently of disease activity, chronic disease damage or pharmacological treatment. A simple question about perception of sexual function in the outpatient clinic can be used to help determine which patients could benefit from a multidisciplinary intervention to improve sexual health.
Fabrication of thiolated chitosan based biodegradable nanoparticles of ticagrelor and their pharmacokinetics
Authors: Shahid Nariman , Erum Alia , Zaman Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad Omer , Riaz Romana , Tulain Ruqia , Hussain Tousif , Amjad Muhammad W , Raja Maria AG , Farooq Umer , Aman Waqar
Published: June 2022

The current study was aimed to design a thiolated chitosan (TC) based mucoadhesive nanoparticle (NP) formulation for enhancing the oral bioavailability of an anti-coagulant, Ticagrelor (TG). Nanoparticles (NPs) containing naturally occurring biodegradable polymers have been revealed as promising carriers for the controlled delivery of various therapeutic agents through the oral route. Ionic gelation technique was adopted to prepare thiolated chitosan nanoparticles of TG (TCNPs/TG) and chitosan (CH) nanoparticles of TG (CHNPs/TG) by varying the concentration of polymers with respect to TG and cross-linker i.e. tripolyphosphate (TPP). The prepared CHNPs/TG and TCNPs/TG were subjected to assessment for their particle size, the zeta potential, shape and morphology along with loading capacity (LC) and entrapment efficiency (EE). Formed TCNPs/TG showed a particle size of 190.3 nm, zeta potential of 16 mv along with the polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.375 as compared to CHNPs/TG, displaying particle size of 147.3 nm, zeta potential of 22.6 mv and PDI of 0.364. Likewise, during Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, the emergence of a characteristic peak at 2495 cm−1 in TC, has confirmed the successful modification of CH. Moreover, in-vitro drug release studies have disclosed a good sustained release behavior of the drug, both from CHNPs/TG and TCNPs/TG. However, the in-vivo pharmacokinetics have illustrated the superiority ( p < .05) of the TCNPs/TG (494.96 ng/mL) over the CHNPs/TG (438.73 ng/mL) in terms of bioavailability. Ultimately, the findings have indicated that TCNPs/TG might help to improve the oral bioavailability of TG and hence, its therapeutic effects.
Intra-regional Development Disparities Experiences and Policy Options
Authors: Gaikwad Vishal , Pethe Abhay , Apte Pradeep
Published: June 2022

Spatial differences in the level of economic activity have several sources and conditioning factors. The most obvious among them is the character of naturally available material endowments including climatic and terrain conditions. The connectivity with adjacent or distant trading centres is yet another dimension that plays a critical role in propagating multiplier effects of ‘backward and forward linkages’ and gravity forces among the regions. What is attempted here is to create a template of a strategic framework for approaching the issues of regional disparities as they arise in varied forms and magnitude.

JEL Classification: P25, R11, R58
Older Adults’ Loneliness and Social Relationships in the Philippines: Comparison Between Rural and Urban Contexts
Authors: Takagi Emiko , Cruz Grace T. , Saito Yasuhiko
Published: June 2022

This study compared patterns of association between social relationship measures and levels of loneliness for rural and urban older adults in the Philippines. We analyzed social relationship measures and loneliness scores (UCLA Three-Item Loneliness Scale) of a nationally representative sample of Filipino adults 60 years and older in the baseline survey of the 2018 Longitudinal Study of Ageing and Health in the Philippines (LSAHP) (n=4,704). The loneliness score was slightly higher for rural older adults (5.8) than for their urban counterparts (5.1; p=.0001). A significantly larger proportion of older adults in rural areas (12.7%) lived alone than in urban areas (5.4%; p=.0008). The overall pattern of association between social relationship measures and loneliness scores for the two groups was mostly similar. For both groups, living alone, having less active social involvement, and seeing friends less frequently were related to higher levels of loneliness. Poorer subjective financial well-being (e.g., the perception of considerable difficulty in making ends meet) was also significantly associated with higher loneliness scores. These findings suggest that the prevention of loneliness for older adults in countries in the early stages of population aging such as the Philippines requires a broad range of public health initiatives.
Cases of Transgender Killing in Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Syeda Manal , Ahmed Lak Tauqeer , Mushtaque Iqra
Published: June 2022

Transgender people are tormented and attacked on social media on a daily basis, yet they are rarely reported to the police. The main reason for this is that many transgender people do not have families that are willing to adopt them; therefore, abuse and accidents involving them go undetected.
Community Health Workers Should be Worker Advocates
Authors: Rabin Richard
Published: June 2022

Community health workers (CHWs) are frontline health workers who connect underserved populations to the health care system, provide health education, and advocate for their clients. CHWs can be particularly helpful to their clients in addressing social determinants of health that affect many chronic illnesses such as asthma, high blood pressure, poor mental health, and kidney and heart diseases. However, in one social determinant—the world of work—CHWs do not often play a role as facilitators and advocates. Low-income and other disadvantaged workers experience many hazards to their health and well-being, and knowledgeable CHWs could play a significant role in assisting them to confront such challenges.
Impact of End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium on Palliative Care Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Care of Dying of Nurses in India: A Quasi-Experimental Pre-post Study
Authors: Gupta Mayank , Pruthi Gegal , Gupta Priyanka , Singh Karamjot , Kanwat Jyoti , Tiwari Avinash
Published: June 2022

Palliative care (PC) training is conspicuously absent in Indian nursing curricula which is an obstacle to deliver quality end of life care (EOLC). End of life care nursing education consortium (ELNEC) aims to improve nursing staff knowledge and attitudes in PC and EOLC, however its impact on knowledge and attitudes has not been investigated in India. We aimed to assess the impact of ELNEC on the knowledge and attitudes of nurses in India towards PC and care of the dying. This prospective study included 108 registered nurses. A pre- and post-training questionnaire containing Palliative Care Quiz of Nursing (PCQN) and Frommelt Attitude toward Care of the Dying Scale Form B (FATCOD-B) was used to evaluate the PC knowledge and attitudes towards EOLC respectively. Subgroup analysis to delineate association of baseline knowledge and attitudes with gender, educational qualification or professional experience of working with patients with cancer or chronic life limiting illnesses were done. Pre-test FATCOD-B and PCQN scores of 110.81 ± 9.37 and 8.45 ± 1.88 reflect favorable attitudes towards care of dying not backed by sufficient PC knowledge respectively. The mean PCQN and FATCOD-B scores improved from 8.45 ± 1.88 to 10.16 ± 1.89 ( P = .0001) and from 110.81 ± 9.37 to 119.47 ± 10.14 ( P = .0001) respectively; implying a statistically significant improvement in PC knowledge and a more positive attitudes towards care of the dying. End of life care nursing education consortium is effective in improving practicing nurses’ knowledge and attitudes toward PC and care of the dying.
Study on damage evaluation indexes and evolution models of rocks under freeze-thaw considering the effect of water saturations
Authors: Huang Shibing , Cai Chen , Yu Shilin , He Yingbo , Cui Xianze
Published: June 2022

Freeze-thaw action of rocks has caused many engineering geological disasters in cold regions. Estimation of the freeze-thaw damage degree and strengths loss of rocks are crucial for the prevention of freeze-thaw disasters. The main aim of this research is to investigate the influence of water saturation on the deterioration of rocks under freeze-thaw and find the best evaluation index. P-wave velocity, elastic modulus and porosity, as the widely used indexes, were adopted to define the freeze-thaw damage variables and predict the UCS loss under freeze-thaw. The change law of these three indexes shows that the critical water saturation for causing a considerable freeze-thaw damage of sandstones is approximately 60%∼80%. P-wave velocity is proved to be a competitive nondestructive parameter, which can be measured easily and correctly without any time-consuming mechanical test. In addition, P-wave velocity can be well used to predict strength loss of rocks under freeze-thaw by performing a statistical analysis of experimental data. It is suggested that the P-wave velocity may be the primary and best index to quantify the freeze-thaw damage degree of rocks with different water saturations comparison with the other two indexes. This study can provide a better understanding of the deterioration of physico-mechanical properties for unsaturated rocks and give a reference for the selection of freeze-thaw evaluation indexes.
Differences in I-Deals Within Groups: A Multilevel Approach
Authors: Saldivar Uriel , Liao Chenwei
Published: June 2022

Idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) are customized work arrangements that employees negotiate with their employer. Despite the burgeoning growth, i-deals research is primarily focused on the benefits to the recipients without sufficiently considering how differences in i-deals across group members can have implications at the group and individual levels. To better guide the nascent literature, we (a) conceptualize content, quantity, and magnitude as the three key bases upon which i-deals can differ; (b) explain why content of i-deals can reflect social or economic exchange; and (c) define relative i-deals, that is, how individual group members’ i-deals compare to coworkers, and group i-deals differentiation, that is, the degree of variability in team member i-deals, in actual and perceptual terms. In our multilevel theory development of differences in i-deals, we offer propositions on (a) effects of perceived relative i-deals on outcomes at the individual level, (b) effects of actual and perceived group i-deals differentiation on outcomes at the group level, and (c) perceived group i-deals differentiation as a moderator of the effects of perceived relative i-deals at the individual level. Lastly, we conclude with managerial implications and future directions for research.
Thoreau’s Dialectic of Dissent and Contemporary Activism
Authors: Gilson Lisa
Published: June 2022

Recent scholarship on Thoreau’s thought has pushed in two opposing directions: some have maintained that Thoreau’s withdrawals from political engagement were actually intended to serve democratic ends, whereas others have argued that Thoreau’s political engagement was a lapse in his better judgment. In this essay, I contend that neither interpretation of Thoreau’s thought fully captures the roles that political engagement and disengagement played in his life as a dissident. Instead, via an examination of Thoreau’s “Walking” and his reform papers, I argue that Thoreau modeled a dialectical approach to dissent, where the “antithesis” of withdrawal served as a specific antidote to the personal toll of the “thesis” of political action. As I show, Thoreau’s attention to the potential costs of radical dissent makes his dialectical model especially relevant for those for whom the costs are highest, including contemporary women activists of color. For these women, normalizing a practice of continual disengagement from activism might benefit them in ways that collaborative solidarity cannot.
Cyst of Hattori: A Rare Cyst in the Posterior Mediastinum
Authors: Turner Matthew D. , Goodale Elicia , Gibney Barry C. , Reyes Maria Cecilia D.
Published: June 2022

Sixteen years since their initial description in the literature, posterior mediastinal Mullerian cysts – otherwise known as cysts of Hattori, after their discoverer – remain rare, with only 40 patients reported as of 2020. We report a 43 year old obese female that presented with a 2.6 cm cyst found in the posterior mediastinum by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and previously by chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) originally diagnosed as a congenital enteric duplication cyst of the esophagus radiologically. Upon surgical excision via a DaVinci thoracoscopy, the cyst was confirmed to be of Mullerian origin by PAX8, WT1, and ER staining. It is possible that the majority of cysts of Hattori remain unrecognized and undiagnosed, given their rarity and resemblance to other pathologies. It is important that this entity become a part of every pathologist's differential for a posterior mediastinal cyst in a female.
Road Trips and Guideposts: Identifying and Navigating Ethical Tensions in Research-Based Theater
Authors: Nichols Jennica , Cox Susan M , Guillemin Marilys
Published: June 2022

Research-based Theater (RbT) combines research and theater to create novel opportunities for inquiry and knowledge translation. Ethical tensions are part of this process. We explore some tensions that can emerge through three types of ethics: professional ethics, institutional research ethics, and everyday ethics. We then propose a series of ethical guideposts developed by engaging RbT practitioners in reflecting on their practice. Like signs on a highway, ethical guideposts do not mandate a destination but rather flag that an approaching decision needs consideration. These guideposts seek to encourage greater attention to ethical aspects of RbT projects and to support ethical decision-making.
Positioning and the Thick Tangles of Spacetimemattering
Authors: Davies Bronwyn
Published: June 2022

This paper re-turns to the concept of positioning, and to the thick tangles of spacetimemattering as they were at work in the paper “Positioning: the discursive production of selves” by Davies & Harré, published in 1990. In re-turning to the concept of positioning, and to its analysis, this paper asks what matters in scholarly work, and how it contributes to gendered, colonial relations of power. The paper explores the impact of the spacetimes scholars work in, on their thinking-in-being.
Stakeholder-Engaged Development of a Theory-Driven, Feasible, and Acceptable Approach to Concussion Education
Authors: Kroshus Emily , Chrisman Sara P. D. , Hunt Tamerah , Hays Rachel , Garrett Kimberly , Peterson Alexis , Rivara Frederick P. , Chiampas George , Ramshaw, BA Dane , Glang Ann
Published: June 2022

Concussion education is widely mandated and largely ineffective. Recent consensus guidance on concussion education asserts the importance of (1) theory-driven programming that targets the team as a system and (2) working with end users throughout the development process, and considering issues such as feasibility, acceptability, and sustainability. Consistent with this guidance, and in collaboration with youth sport stakeholders in two regions of the United States, we developed a novel approach to concussion education: Pre-game safety huddles. Safety huddles have the following two core components: (1) athletes, coaches, and other stakeholders come together before the start of each game and (2) opinion leaders (coaches, referees) affirm the importance of care seeking for suspected concussion. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the collaborative process through which we refined the safety huddle concept into an acceptable and feasible intervention with potential for sustainable implementation in diverse youth sports settings with minimal resource demands. In describing our process and discussing challenges and opportunities, we hope to provide an example for others seeking to develop and implement injury prevention interventions in youth sports settings.
Who Volunteers? Results From an Internet-Based Cognitive Monitoring Study of Community-Based Older Adults
Authors: Veal Britney , Sadeq Nasreen A. , Atkinson Taylor J. , Andel Ross
Published: June 2022

Objectives. Volunteering promotes well-being and may provide added purpose to life after retirement. Limited evidence exists regarding the characteristics and study adherence among those who participate in longitudinal studies while also volunteering outside the study. We assessed characteristics and adherence of older adults who volunteered outside of participation in a regular monthly cognitive monitoring study. Method. All 124 participants with complete data were included. Participants were from a regular cognitive monitoring study that required completion of a 15-min monthly online cognitive assessment. Analysis of covariance and logistic regression analysis were performed to examine differences between volunteers and nonvolunteers. Results. Those who volunteered outside the study were significantly less likely to be college-educated (although all participants were highly educated) but the two groups were cognitively similar. Volunteers had significantly lower scores for neuroticism. Those who volunteered also were significantly less likely to drop out but had poorer study adherence. The most frequent type of volunteering was religious activities. Volunteers were motivated mainly by altruism, although most reported multiple reasons. Conclusion. Older adults who enroll in a longitudinal research study and volunteer outside the study have similar personal characteristics as those who opt out of additional volunteering, with somewhat less education and more favorable personality traits. However, they may be more likely to drop out and need more reminders. Therefore, those who volunteer outside a study may need more attention from study administrators and potentially a more individualized schedule that works around their volunteer obligations.
An empirical study of factors influencing e-health services adoption among public in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almazroi Abdulwahab Ali , Mohammed Fathey , Al-Kumaim Nabil Hasan , Hoque Md Rakibul
Published: June 2022

Until now most of the studies concerning eHealth in Saudi Arabia are about the exploration of the national benefits from eHealth and the technical and infrastructural challenges in implementing eHealth rather than finding the factors influencing the users in adopting eHealth services. Further, the eHealth adoption rate in Saudi Arabia is low despite the scope of potential growth for the eHealth market. In this study, the authors added Trust, Privacy and System Quality factors to Technology Acceptance Model by considering the research context to examine the factors influencing eHealth services adoption. The proposed model was empirically tested based on the data collected, through survey questionnaire from 314 responses in Saudi Arabia. Structural Equation Modelling was followed to analysis and validates the proposed model based on partial least squares method using SmartPLS. Based on the findings, Perceived Usefulness in addition to Privacy significantly affect eHealth adoption. Moreover, Perceived Ease of Use factor has indirect effect on people perception toward eHealth services. Furthermore, the results show that System Quality and Trust are not influencing factors. This study is important for the healthcare policymakers for getting direction for future studies to avail the maximum benefits of eHealth in Saudi Arabia.
Navigating grief and pregnancy loss through online story telling
Authors: Jones Aubrey E , Scoresby Kristel , Duong Chinh C
Published: June 2022

Miscarriage, a common experience, is uncommonly discussed in personal and professional support networks. The normal reaction of grief from a miscarriage in addition to other external factors can lead to complicated grief, a condition that has negative mental health implications on the bereaved mother. Through the lens of Worden’s tasks of meaning, a content analysis was conducted on six public blog posts in which women openly shared their grief experiences. The authors discuss the need for more training in social work practice regarding reproductive health and the intersection of reproductive health and mental health.
Bonds and barriers: Mental health, service provision, and Middle Eastern/North African cultural identity in the U.S.
Authors: Gharibian Talin , McCarty-Caplan David
Published: June 2022

This exploratory study examined the intersections of Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) American cultural identity and attitudes towards mental health and mental health services. Fifteen in-depth narrative interviews with participants of MENA descent in the United States were analyzed using qualitative thematic content analysis, revealing five primary themes within these data: denial, lack of awareness, stigma/shame, collective identity, and resistance. These results indicate cultural identity plays a unique and significant role in how this population understands and responds to mental health and substance use challenges, in a way that often creates barriers to social service provision and success. Implications and suggestions for how these findings might be used to develop more culturally competent and effective social work interventions for MENA communities are discussed.
Out of time/in place: Norwegianness, ‘immigration’, and spatial belonging in Beforeigners
Authors: Saunders Robert A
Published: June 2022

Television – as a form of representation, a space of affect, and an instrument of identity production – is a growing force in shaping perceptions of and views on international immigration. While geographers have examined the ways in which films, documentaries, and social media engage with the so-called ‘migrant crisis’ in Europe, there has been little work on fictional TV series as a force in world-building and place-making against the spectre of ‘unchecked migration’. Building on recent research on televisual interventions into the issues of migration, (b)orders, and securitisation, this article interrogates HBO Europe’s Norwegian-language sf series Beforeigners. With a focus on fantastical constructions of spatiality against temporality, the primary focus of this article is on the ways in which near-future science fiction engages with ontological insecurities around integration, xenophobia, and territorial belonging. This is accomplished by engaging the ‘temporal turn’ in cultural geography, which is increasingly focused on linking time, space, and migrant lives/bodies. Recognising TV series’ contributions to cultural, social, and political transformations that are of geographical significance, this essay seeks to expand and complicate scholarship on the suasive power of migrant representation on the small screen.
Homicide drop in seven European countries: General or specific across countries and crime types?
Authors: Suonpää Karoliina , Kivivuori Janne , Aarten Pauline , Ahven Andri , Granath Sven , Markwalder Nora , Skott Sara , Thomsen Asser H. , Walser Simone , Liem Marieke
Published: June 2022

This study examines homicide trends in seven European countries – Denmark, Estonia, Finland, the Netherlands, Scotland, Sweden and Switzerland – all of which manifested a substantial drop in homicide mortality between 1990 and 2016. By using data from the European Homicide Monitor, a coding scheme created to enable cross-country comparisons, combined with the national cause-of-death statistics, we explore generality versus specificity of the homicide drop. We examine changes in the demographic structure of victims and offenders and disaggregate homicides by different subtypes of lethal incidents, such as family-related homicides referring to conflicts between family members, and criminal milieu homicides occurring in the context of robberies, gang-related conflicts or organised crime. Results point to the generality of the drop: in most of the countries studied, the declining trend included all homicide types. The overall decline in homicide mortality was driven mostly by the decline in male victimisation and offending. In most of the countries, the gender distribution of victims and offenders changed only slightly during the study period, whereas the development of the distribution of homicide types manifested greater diversity. Our findings illustrate the benefits of disaggregated analyses in comparative homicide research.
HSA-MnO2-131I Combined Imaging and Treatment of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Yan Ziyu , Zhang Xuemei , Liu Yifan , Shen Yiming , Li Ning , Jia Qiang , Ji Yanhui , Zhang Peitao , Zhao Li , Meng Zhaowei
Published: June 2022

Purpose Compelling evidence suggests that nanoparticles (NPs) play a crucial role in cancer therapy. NPs templated with human serum albumin (HSA) has good retention in tumors. Manganese dioxide (MnO2) has been used to enhance the effect of radiotherapy. In this study, synthesized NPs using HSA-MnO2 labeled 131I to perform both imaging and therapy for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Method HSA-MnO2 was synthesized via HSA using a simple biomineralization method, and then labeled with Na131I by the chloramine T method. The cytotoxicity and biosafety of HSA-MnO2 were evaluated by the MTT test. The proliferation-inhibiting effect of HSA-MnO2-131I was evaluated in papillary thyroid cancer cell lines (K1, BCPAP, and KTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell lines (Cal62, THJ16T, and ARO). For further translational application in medicine, we established a model of transplantable subcutaneously tumors in BALB\c-nu mice to assess the anti-tumor effect of HSA-MnO2-131I. The imaging effects of NPs were evaluated by MRI and SPECT/CT. Results The MTT test proved that the HSA-MnO2 had low toxicity. HSA-MnO2-131I significantly inhibited the proliferation of PTC and ATC cell lines. In addition, the results unveiled that HSA-MnO2-131I exhibited dual-modality MR/SPECT imaging for thyroid cancer visualization. In particular, HSA-MnO2-131I had an enhanced T1 signal in MR. Using SPECT/CT, we observed that HSA-MnO2-131I had good retention in tumor tissue, which was helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of tumor. In vivo assays indicated that the NPs led to a reduction in radioresistance in the tumor hypoxic microenvironment. Conclusion The nanomaterial had a simple synthesis method, good water solubility and biosafety, and good retention in tumor tissue. Hence, it could be used for SPECT/CT and MR dual mode imaging and therapy with radioiodine of tumor cells. The experimental results provided a feasible solution for combining radiotherapy and dual-model imaging by NPs for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Separation Surgery in the Treatment of Spinal Metastasis
Authors: Li Rui-feng , Qiao Rui-qi , Xu Ming-you , Ma Rong-xing , Hu Yong-cheng
Published: June 2022

The life expectancy of patients with advanced cancer has been prolonged with the development of systemic treatment technology. Spinal metastasis is one of the common ways of metastasis of advanced tumors, leading to spinal cord compression and compression fractures, which often lead to a significant reduction in patients’ quality of life and physical function. Therefore, surgical treatment is still needed for functional recovery and local control. Separation surgery has been known since 2014 when it was purposed. Combined with radiotherapy, it can achieve an ideal goal of local control. This paper gives a brief introduction to separation surgery, hoping to increase the reader's understanding and consider this method in the course of treatment.
The Field Immersion Framework: A Transformative Pedagogy for Experiential Civic Education
Authors: Pederson JoEllen G. , Lettner-Rust Heather G. , Dowling Fink Alix D. , Fink Mark L. , Renee Gutiérrez Ann , Kinman Edward L. , Koski Connie M. , Mergen Michael J. , Poplin Phillip L. , Rhoten Melissa C. , Roberts Brent S. , Znosko Jessi B.
Published: June 2022

Emerging from faculty collaboration across disciplines, the four-stage Field Immersion Framework (FIF) marries place-based experiential learning with civic engagement to promote important transformative learning outcomes such as shifts in Worldview, Self, Epistemology, Ontology, Behavior, and Capacity. To support those outcomes, we developed this adaptable pedagogical framework for immersive courses that cultivate shared inquiry by faculty and students while fostering civic agency. The FIF positions students as explorers in communities grappling with important, unresolved issues and facilitates deep learning in the affective domain. Immersing students in the field as they experience civic issues is an emancipatory opportunity for many students, particularly those bound by geography or digital screens. We detail the FIF’s grounding in learning theory and provide examples of its implementation in varied courses and geographic settings.
Transvenous endovascular treatment for vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation with idiopathic bilateral sigmoid sinus occlusion
Authors: Jin Hengwei , Meng Xiangyu , Quan Jiale , Lv Ming , Jiang Chuhan
Published: June 2022

Background

Vein of Galen Malformations (VGAM) and bilateral idiopathic occlusion of the sigmoid sinuses are extremely rare. We report a child with Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation (VGAM) and Idiopathic bilateral sigmoid sinus occlusion simultaneously, and managed through endovascular therapy in one session. This case highlights the coexistence of the lesions, as well as the one-session technical feasibility and good clinical outcome for endovascular treatment.

Clinical presentation

The child presented with enlarged head circumference and epilepsy. The frequency of seizure increased from one time to several times a day. CTA/CTV confirmed coexistence of Vein of Galen Malformations and idiopathic bilateral sigmoid sinus occlusion.

Conclusion

One session trans-venous approach was performed. The VGAM was completely occluded and the dominant sigmoid sinus was recanalized. Thirteen months telephone follow-up confirmed normal head growth. The patient is seizure-free and recovered very well with normal neurological and developmental condition. This study provides evidentiary support for one-session endovascular therapy in patient with VGAM and idiopathic bilateral sigmoid sinus occlusion.