bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phthalocyanine formation using metals in primary alcohols at room temperature
Authors: LEZNOFF CLIFFORD C. , D'ASCANIO ANNA M. , YILDIZ S. ZEKI
Published: January 2005

Lithium metal added to a solution of 4-neopentoxyphthalonitrile in 1-octanol or other long-chain primary alcohols at room temperature resulted in phthalocyanine formation at a reasonable rate in good yield, while preformed lithium 1-octanolate under the same conditions gave 2,9,16,23-tetraneopentoxyphthalocyanine, but in lower yield at a slower rate. The use of lower-molecular-weight alcohols slowly gave a phthalocyanine in lower yields. Reverse micelle formation when using long-chain alcohols is proposed as a possibility for enhanced phthalocyanine formation at room temperature. 2,9,16,23-Tetrasubstituted phthalocyanines and metallated phthalocyanines were prepared at room temperature from 4-neopentoxyphthalonitrile, 4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)methoxyphthalonitrile, 4-[1-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl]methoxyphthalonitrile and phthalonitrile using lithium 1-octanolate in 1-octanol or by the addition, to a solution of the phthalonitrile in ethanol, of calcium turnings or, to a solution of the phthalonitrile in methanol, of magnesium, zinc, iron or copper powder. The tetrasubstituted phthalocyanines produced exhibited a non-statistical distribution of regioisomers, indicating that electronic effects become important in room-temperature cyclotetramerization of phthalonitriles to phthalocyanines.
Photoreduction of methylviologen sensitized by amphiphilic phthalocyanatozinc(II) complexes
Authors: KIMURA MUTSUMI , YAMAGUCHI YUJI , MUTO TSUYOSHI , HANABUSA KENJI , SHIRAI HIROFUSA
Published: January 2005

Non-ionic amphiphilic zinc(II) phthalocyanine 4 with eight oxyethylene side chains exhibits excellent solubility in water and organic solvents such as benzene, chloroform, methanol, THF and DMF. The monomer–aggregate equilibrium of 4 was affected by the solvent polarity. Photoreduction of methylviologen (MV2+) in the presence of triethanolamine was also studied with the use of non-ionic complex 4 under light irradiation. The yield for the radical formation of MV2+ was greatly increased by the addition of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) in aqueous solution.
Oxygen sensing using palladium porphyrin with long alkyl chain self-assembled film
Authors: AMAO YUTAKA , ASAI KEISUKE , MIYAKAWA KIYOKO , OKURA ICHIRO
Published: January 2005

An optical oxygen sensor based on the photoluminescent quenching of palladium porphyrin with long alkyl chain, palladium 5-(4-undecancarboxylpyridyl)-10,15,20-tritolylporphyrin (PdPC10COOH), a self-assembled film on an alumina plate has been developed. The luminescence intensity of the PdPC10COOH film decreased with increasing oxygen pressure. The ratio I0/I100 as a sensitivity measure of the sensing film is very large, indicating that this film is a highly sensitive device for oxygen pressure. The response times of the sensor are 26 s on going from argon to oxygen and 131 s on going from oxygen to argon.
Effect of substitution on the redox behaviour and EPR spectra of zinc(II) substituted tetraphenylporphyrin cation radicals
Authors: DAVE PARESH C. , SRINIVAS D.
Published: January 2005

Substituted tetraphenylporphyrinatozinc(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by various physicochemical techniques. The effects of substitution and counterions on the redox behaviour and EPR spectra have been examined. The EPR spectra revealed that chemical oxidation with bromine yields ZnT ( X - P ) P + Br - (species I) and a brominated tetraphenylporphyrin cation radical (species II). The former exhibits a labile electronic ground state (with 2 A 2 u ground state transforming into 2 A 1 u at 175 K), while the latter is characterized by a 2 A 1 u state. The lability in the electronic ground state for species I is discussed in terms of the change in molecular geometry as the temperature is lowered. The EPR spectra also revealed for the first time the formation of dimeric agglomerates of TPP cation radicals in low concentration below the electronic transition (i.e. near 170 K) wherein the paramagnetic sites are antiferromagnetically coupled.
Vapour pressure of some phthalocyanines
Authors: SEMYANNIKOV P. P. , BASOVA T. V. , GRANKIN V. M. , IGUMENOV I. K.
Published: January 2005

Mass spectrometric studies of the composition of the gaseous phase under solid compounds of free phthalocyanine ( H 2 Pc ) and its complexes with aluminium ( AlClPc , AlFPc , ( AlPc )2 O ) and copper ( CuPc ) were performed in the temperature range up to 700 °C. It has been shown that the phthalocyanines sublime in the form of monomers, excluding one aluminium complex. All phthalocyanines under investigation sublime without thermal decomposition until 700 °C. The vapour pressure of these phthalocyanines was determined as a function of temperature by the Knudsen effusion method, in which the rate of effusion of the equilibrium vapour through a small orifice was measured. The thermodynamic parameters of the sublimation process for phthalocyanies were calculated.
Structural effects in chemistry and biology
Authors: FAJER JACK
Published: January 2005

Conformationally designed, non-planar porphyrins afford new classes of structurally distinct chromophores with significantly altered optical, redox, magnetic, radical and excited state properties. The synthetic, non-planar porphyrins model and illustrate the consequences of the skeletal deformations and plasticity increasingly observed in crystal structures of protein complexes comprising porphyrinic chromophores and prosthetic groups. Conformational variations thus offer attractively simple mechanisms for modulating the physicochemical properties of porphyrins in vivo and in vitro.
Predicting the Function and Subcellular Location ofCaenorhabditis elegansProteins Similar toSaccharomyces cerevisiaeβ-Oxidation Enzymes
Authors: Gurvitz Aner , Langer Sigrid , Piskacek Martin , Hamilton Barbara , Ruis Helmut , Hartig Andreas
Published: January 2005

The role of peroxisomal processes in the maintenance of neurons has not been thoroughly investigated. We propose usingCaenorhabditis elegansas a model organism for studying the molecular basis underlying neurodegeneration in certain human peroxisomal disorders, e.g. Zellweger syndrome, since the nematode neural network is well characterized and relatively simple in function. Here we have identifiedC. elegansPEX-5 (C34C6.6) representing the receptor for peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1), defective in patients with such disorders. PEX-5 interacted strongly in a two-hybrid assay with Gal4p–SKL, and a screen using PEX-5 identified interaction partners that were predominantly terminated with PTS1 or its variants. A list ofC. elegansproteins with similarities to well-characterized yeast β-oxidation enzymes was compiled by homology probing. The possible subcellular localization of these orthologues was predicted using an algorithm based on trafficking signals. Examining the C termini of selected nematode proteins for PTS1 function substantiated predictions made regarding the proteins' peroxisomal location. It is concluded that the eukaryotic PEX5-dependent route for importing PTS1-containing proteins into peroxisomes is conserved in nematodes.C. elegansmight emerge as an attractive model system for studying the importance of peroxisomes and affiliated processes in neurodegeneration, and also for studying a β-oxidation process that is potentially compartmentalized in both mitochondria and peroxisomes.
The synthetic quest for ‘splendid isolation’ within phthalocyanine materials
Authors: BREWIS MATTHEW , HASSAN BASHIR M. , LI HONG , MAKHSEED SAAD , MCKEOWN NEIL B. , THOMPSON NEIL
Published: January 2005

Phthalocyanine (Pc) derivatives in which substituents hold the Pc units in isolation from one another in the solid state are potentially useful materials. Three synthetic approaches to achieve this goal are described: the construction of a dendrimer about a Pc core; the incorporation of alkyl side chains which are forced to lie out of the plane of the macrocycle; and the synthesis of sterically crowded hexadeca-substituted derivatives. The effectiveness of each of these strategies is readily measured by comparing the visible absorption spectrum of a spin-coated film with that obtained from the non-aggregated Pc in dilute solution. These studies show that the size of the substituents is of secondary importance for their efficiency in inducing Pc isolation. Of more importance is the substituents' adopted position relative to the Pc ring.
Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of new phthalocyanine complexes with potentially combined photodynamic activity and cytotoxicity for photodynamic therapy
Authors: NEMYKIN VICTOR N. , MYTSYK VLADISLAV M. , VOLKOV SERGEY V. , KOBAYASHI NAGAO
Published: January 2005

The reaction of zinc tetrakis(3-pyridyloxy)phthalocyanine (1) with NH 4[ PtNH 3 Cl 3] leads to zinc tetrakis(cis-[3-oxypyridyl]-N]amminedichloroplatinum(II))phthalocyanine (2), while the reaction of 1 with cis- Pt ( DMSO )2 Cl 2 or 2 with DMSO forms zinc tetrakis(cis-[(3-oxypyridyl)-N]dichloro[sulfinylbis(methane)-S]platinum (II))phthalocyanine (3). The new phthalocyanines 2 and 3, with potentially combined photodynamic activity and cytotoxicity, have been characterized by means of electronic, 1 H NMR and IR spectroscopies.
Synthesis and aggregation behaviour of phthalocyanines substituted with flexible crown ether
Authors: GÜROL I. , AHSEN V.
Published: January 2005

The synthesis of metal-free and metallo derivatives ( Ni , Zn ) of tetrasubstituted phthalocyanines (Pcs) obtained from 4-[methyleneoxy(15-crown-5)]phthalonitrile is described. The new compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1 H and 13 C NMR , MS and UV-vis. The thermal stabilities of the compounds were determined by thermogravimetric analysis. The alkali metal ions bound to crown ether groups force dimerization of the phthalocyanine units in solution, as observed in the electronic spectra by the broadening of the Q band transition at 675 nm. The highest affinity for potassium ion was observed in the case of the NiPc derivative in solvent extraction experiments.
Double-decker lutetium(III) diphthalocyanine with eight crown ether substituents
Authors: KOÇAK MAKBULE
Published: January 2005

Neutral double-decker radical lutetium(III) diphthalocyanine with eight crown ether substituents bound through oxymethyl bridges has been synthesized from 1-[(benzo-15-crown-5)-4′-yl]oxymethyl-3,4-dicyanobenzene and lutetium(III) acetate. The ESR spectrum confirmed the radical nature of the complex.
On the interaction of ongoing cognitive activity and the nature of an event‐based intention
Authors: Marsh Richard L. , Hicks Jason L. , Hancock Thomas W.
Published: January 2005

Three experiments were conducted to explore the interaction between the nature of an event‐based prospective intention and the ongoing activity in which it was embedded. Following the basic predictions of E. A. Maylor's (1996, 1998) task appropriate processing framework, we orthogonally crossed semantic and structural ongoing activities with intentions to respond to semantic and structural event‐based cues. In Experiments 1 and 2, we found a cross‐over interaction in which the match of the ongoing task and the nature of the intention resulted in better event‐based performance than a mismatch between the two. Experiment 3 attempted to define boundary conditions for these effects by demonstrating that the task appropriate processing effect will not occur when event‐based cues are particularly salient. The implications of the results and suggestions for further investigations are discussed. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of latent variable methods to process control and multivariate statistical process control in industry
Authors: Kourti Theodora
Published: January 2005

Multivariate monitoring and control schemes based on latent variable methods have been receiving increasing attention by industrial practitioners in the last 15 years. Several companies have enthusiastically adopted the methods and have reported many success stories. Applications have been reported where multivariate statistical process control, fault detection and diagnosis is achieved by utilizing the latent variable space, for continuous and batch processes, as well as, for process transitions as for example start ups and re‐starts. This paper gives an overview of the latest developments in multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) and its application for fault detection and isolation (FDI) in industrial processes. It provides a critical review of the methodology and describes how it is transferred to the industrial environment. Recent applications of latent variable methods to process control as well as to image analysis for monitoring and feedback control are discussed. Finally it is emphasized that the multivariate nature of the data should be preserved when data compression and data preprocessing is applied. It is shown that univariate data compression and reconstruction may hinder the validity of multivariate analysis by introducing spurious correlations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermomechanical reactive blending of silicone rubber and LLDPE: Effects of processing parameters
Authors: Jalali‐Arani A. , Katbab A. A. , Nazockdast H.
Published: January 2005

To prepare thermoplastic elastomers based on linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and silicone rubber (SR) the reactive blending of the two polymers was carried out at different processing conditions. Effects of mixing parameters such as temperature, shear rate, mixing time, and sequence of feeding the ingredients, upon the yield and rate of interfacial reaction, have been evaluated by following the variation of mixing torque and also by determination of the reacted fraction of silicone rubber. The yield and rate of the reaction increased by increasing the temperature of mixing, shear mixing rate, and the time of mixing. Changing the sequence of feeding the ingredients also changed the yield of the reaction. First feeding of polyethylene increased the yield of reaction. According to the obtained results, interfacial reaction between two phases is limited by chemical kinetics of the reaction and by rate of mass transfer during melt mixing. The order of interfacial reaction between these two polymers under thermomechanical conditions was found to be about 1.1. Rheological studies on the blends performed by using rheomechanical spectroscopy showed a distinct rheological behavior with a non‐Newtonian characteristic and higher dynamic viscosity at low frequencies for the blends prepared at high temperature and shear rate. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 155–161, 2005
Curing behavior and residual stresses in polymeric resins used for encapsulanting electronic packages
Authors: Sham Man‐Lung , Kim Jang‐Kyo
Published: January 2005

Polymeric encapsulants are applied in electronic packages to improve the mechanical/thermal performance and the reliability of packaged devices. During the curing process of encapsulating resin, large residual stresses are generated due to the shrinkage of polymer and the mismatches in the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between various package components. In addition, the rheological properties and curing kinetics of the resin also affect the nature and distribution of residual stresses. In this work, the rheological and curing behavior of encapsulating resins are characterized using an oscillatory rheometer. The resin viscosity is closely monitored against curing temperature excursion, which is correlated to exothermic reaction and weight loss as measured from the DSC and TGA analyses. The evolution of residual stresses in encapsulating resin is evaluated in a bimaterial strip bending experiment (BMSB) in situ within a DMA chamber. The CTE values are then calculated based on the thermomechanical analysis, which are well compared with those determined from other sources. A transition temperature, apart from the glass transition temperature, is identified from the study of the changes in resin flexural modulus and residual stress profiles. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 175–182, 2005
Synthesis and characterization of poly(vinyl chloride‐co‐vinyl acetate)‐graft‐poly[(meth)acrylates] by atom transfer radical polymerization
Authors: Chen Gaojian , Zhu Xiulin , Cheng Zhenping , Lu Jianmei
Published: January 2005

The graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate onto poly(vinyl chloride‐co‐vinyl acetate) with atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was successfully carried out with copper(I) thiocyanate/N,N,N′,N′,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine and copper(I) chloride/2,2′‐bipyridine as catalysts in the solvent N,N‐dimethylformamide. For methyl methacrylate, a kinetic plot of ln([M]0/[M]) (where [M]0 is the initial monomer concentration and [M] is the monomer concentration) versus time for the graft polymerization was almost linear, and the molecular weight of the graft copolymer increased with increasing conversion, this being typical for ATRP. The formation of the graft polymer was confirmed with gel permeation chromatography, 1H‐NMR, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The glass‐transition temperature of the copolymer increased with the concentration of methyl methacrylate. The graft copolymer was hydrolyzed, and its swelling capacity was measured. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 183–189, 2005
Average mixing torque, tensile and impact properties, and thermal stability of poly(vinyl chloride)/sawdust composites with different silane coupling agents
Authors: Sombatsompop N. , Chaochanchaikul K.
Published: January 2005

Unique explanations are given to describe changes in the mixing torque and tensile and impact properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/wood sawdust composites affected by various types and concentrations of silane coupling agents. Concentrations of 0.5–1.0 and 1.5 wt % coupling agent are recommended for the optimization of the tensile and impact properties of the composites, respectively. Changes in the tensile and impact properties of the composites with a low sawdust content were more sensitive to the addition of silane coupling agents than those with a high sawdust content. KBM603 was suitable for improving the tensile properties, whereas KBE603 is recommended for high impact resistance of the composites. The differences in the mechanical and thermal properties of the PVC/sawdust composites were dependent on the characteristics of the functional groups in the silane coupling agents used, such as hydrophilic level, number of functional groups, self‐condensation reaction, and effectiveness of the hydrolysis reaction. Silane coupling agents above 1.0 wt % resulted in an increase in polyene sequences in the PVC structure. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 213–221, 2005
Acrylonitrile‐based copolymer membranes for the separation of methanol from a methanol–toluene mixture through pervaporation
Authors: Pal Sangita Mandal , Pangarkar Vishwas G.
Published: January 2005

The membrane selection criteria for the preferential permeation of a particular component were examined for the pervaporative separation of methanol from a mixture of methanol and toluene. One polyacrylonitrile homopolymer and five different copolymer membranes (i.e., acrylonitrile with maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, and styrene) were prepared through emulsion polymerization. All these monomers were selected on the basis of the solubility parameter concept. The second monomer had an influence on the permselectivity and flux, and this effect was investigated. The structures of the copolymers, the features of their sorption layers, and their permeation paths were examined. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 243–252, 2005
Placental expression of the nuclear receptors for oxysterols LXRα and LXRβ during mouse and human development
Authors: Marceau Geoffroy , Volle David H. , Gallot Denis , Mangelsdorf David J. , Sapin Vincent , Lobaccaro Jean‐Marc A.
Published: January 2005

Ontogenesis and localization expression of genes encoding for the nuclear receptors for oxysterols (lxrα and lxrβ) were investigated in human and mouse placenta during gestation. Both mRNAs were detectable in the placentation throughout the gestation (from 7 days postcoitum and 6th week of gestation in mouse and human, respectively) by Northern blots or RT‐PCR experiments. Lxrα showed a higher accumulation in the mouse yolk sac. In situ hybridization pointed a specific expression of lxrα in the human amniotic membranes. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative studies of oncostatin M expression in the tissues of adult rodents
Authors: Znoyko Iya , Sohara Naondo , Spicer Samuel S. , Trojanowska Maria , Reuben Adrian
Published: January 2005

Oncostatin M (OSM), a member of the interleukin‐6 family of cytokines, is thought to be expressed mostly by activated T‐lymphocytes and monocytes in adult animals. However, here we report specific constitutive tissue expression of OSM in the pancreas, kidney, testes, spleen, stomach, and brain, but not liver or lung, of three adult rodent species. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic expression pattern of Hoxc8 during mouse early embryogenesis
Authors: Kwon Yunjeong , Shin Jaeseung , Park Hyoung Woo , Kim Myoung Hee
Published: January 2005

The Hoxc8 expression pattern was examined in mouse embryos 7.5–12.5 days postcoitum (dpc) using whole‐mount in situ hybridization and RT‐PCR. The expression of Hoxc8 started between 7.5 and 8.5 dpc. A strong expression was detected in the ectoderm and mesoderm at 8.5 dpc. At 9.5 dpc, a distinct anterior boundary of Hoxc8 expression was established at the 10th and 16th somites in the neural tube and the paraxial mesoderm, respectively. This staggered expression pattern was maintained throughout the later stages. By 12.5 dpc, the forward progression of the Hoxc8 expression pattern was observed and the stain was weakened. In the ectoderm‐derived neural tube, strong Hoxc8 expression was observed in the ventral horn and later in the ventral and mediolateral region of the mantle layer, indicating a possible association with the onset and progression of neural differentiation. In the case of the mesoderm‐derivative cells, strong Hoxc8 expression was detected in the sclerotome on the way to the notochord and neural tube and mesonephros, suggesting a role of Hoxc8 in the formation of the vertebrae and ribs and the possible involvement in the differentiation into the kidney. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
William Cowper and his decorated copperplate initials
Authors: Sanders Mark A.
Published: January 2005

William Cowper was an 18th‐century London surgeon/anatomist who made important contributions to several medical disciplines. He achieved lasting fame for describing the bulbourethral glands and lasting infamy for pirating plates for his anatomical atlas, the Anatomy of Humane Bodies. Cowper wrote the books and papers that taught the forerunners of today's surgeons and anatomists. His most famous pupil, the great surgeon William Cheselden, was one of the teachers of John Hunter, the founder of modern surgery. Cowper's magnificent atlas of human myology, the Myotomia Reformata, is a showcase for exquisitely rendered illustrations of muscles and bones. Cowper populated his masterwork with dozens of delightfully decorated initial letters depicting anatomical scenes. This article introduces readers to the long‐forgotten William Cowper and exhibits his stunning historiated letters in all their glory. Anat Rec (Part B: New Anat) 282B:5–12, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ectopic dermal ridge configurations on the interdigital webbings of Hammertoe mutant mice (Hm): Another possible role of programmed cell death in limb development
Authors: Kimura Sumiko , Schaumann Blanka A. , Shiota Kohei
Published: January 2005

BACKGROUND

The mechanism underlying the development of aberrant phalangeal pads and dermal ridge configurations in malformed limbs is not well understood. The forelimbs of Hammertoe (Hm) mutant mouse fetuses were examined sequentially to clarify the relationship between the occurrence of abnormal programmed cell death (PCD) and the formation of phalangeal pads and dermal ridge patterns.

METHODS

Relevant morphological features, with special emphasis on pads and dermal ridge configurations, were inspected on the exposed dermal surface of the forelimbs of adult Hm mutant mice. The forelimbs of Hm mutant mouse fetuses (GD13–18) and newborns were examined histologically. The forelimbs of GD13 fetuses were subjected to Nile blue (NB) vital staining for in situ labeling of PCD.

RESULTS

In the forelimbs of +/+ mice, the formation of dermal ridges was confined to pads, while in Hm/+ and Hm/Hm animals, which have interdigital webbing involving digits II–V, dermal ridges were formed also on the ventral side of the webbing, specifically on its lateral margins between the neighboring digits and on the medial margin of the webbing extending toward the palmar pad. PCD was decreased in the interdigital zones II–IV in GD13 Hm/+ and Hm/Hm fetuses.

CONCLUSIONS

Reduced PCD interdigital tissue of Hm/+ and Hm/Hm fetuses may result in the failure of physiological elimination of interdigital cells and in the persistence of soft tissue webbing between digits. The failure of PCD to occur may also interrupt the interdigital surviving cells to reach the neighboring digits and the distal area of the palm, thereby producing ectopic dermal ridges. It seems that interdigital PCD contributes not only to digit separation but also to the development of digital and palmar pads. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biodiversity analysis of microbial community in the chem‐bioflocculation treatment process
Authors: Xia Siqing , Wang Feng , Fu Yigang , Yang Dianhai , Ma Xingmao
Published: January 2005

Total DNA was directly extracted from environmental samples and amplified with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The PCR products were fingerprinted via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Significant differences were observed in the microbial community structures between traditional treatment process and chem‐bioflocculation process. The microbial community structure shift at different sampling locations in chem‐bioflocculation process and on two typical operational conditions was studied. 16S rDNA V3 regions of some dominant species were sequenced and the species were identified. The microbial communities were stable in both the chem‐bioflocculation process and the activated sludge process under various experimental conditions presented in this work. The attached growth treatment process was less stable when operational conditions changed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of a New Ruthenium(V) Oxide: La1.2Sr2.7RuO7+δ.
Authors: Goetzfried Thomas , Reller Armin , Ebbinghaus Stefan G.
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Structure Refinement, Physical Properties and Electronic Structure of New Electrochemically Copper Intercalated Group Vb Ditellurides CuxMTe2 (M: V, Nb, Ta).
Authors: Soergel Timo , Jansen Martin
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A High‐Nuclearity “Celtic‐Ring” Isopolyoxotungstate, [H12W36O120]12‐, that Captures Trace Potassium Ions.
Authors: Long De‐Liang , Abbas Hamera , Koegerler Paul , Cronin Leroy
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A New Series of Sodium Cobalt Oxyhydrates.
Authors: Mistry Sundip , Arnold Donna C. , Nuttall Chris J. , Lappas Alexandros , Green Mark A.
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Palladium Nanoclusters. Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Properties.
Authors: Stolyarov I. P. , Gaugash Yu. V. , Kryukova G. N. , Kochubei D. I. , Vargaftik M. N. , Moiseev I. I.
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Aromatic Ketones Catalyzed by the Iridium Hydride Complex under Ambient Conditions.
Authors: Chen Jian‐shan , Li Yan‐yun , Dong Zhen‐rong , Li Bao‐zhu , Gao Jing‐xing
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Hydrosilylation of Alkenes with Alkoxyhydrosilanes Catalyzed by Chiral Bis(oxazolinyl)phenyl—Rhodium Complex.
Authors: Tsuchiya Yasunori , Uchimura Hirofumi , Kobayashi Kazuki , Nishiyama Hisao
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enantioselective Organocatalytic Diels Aminations: α‐Aminations of Cyclic β‐Keto Esters and β‐Keto Lactones with Cinchonidine and Cinchonine.
Authors: Pihko Petri M. , Pohjakallio Antti
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dipeptide‐Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Shi Lan‐Xiang , Sun Qi , Ge Ze‐Mei , Zhu Yong‐Qiang , Cheng Tie‐Ming , Li Run‐Tao
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Selective Reductive Cleavage of 2,3‐Epoxybromides by the InCl3—NaBH4 Reagent System.
Authors: Ranu Brindaban C. , Banerjee Subhash , Das Arijit
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Efficient Synthesis of Benzene Fused Six‐, Seven‐ and Eight‐Membered Rings Containing Nitrogen and Sulfur by Benzyne Ring Closure Reaction.
Authors: Mukherjee Chandrani , Biehl Ed
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reaction of 2‐Alkylidenetetrahydrofurans with Boron Tribromide: Chemo‐ and Regioselective Synthesis of 6‐Bromo‐3‐oxoalkanoates by Application of a “Cyclization‐Ring‐Opening” Strategy.
Authors: Bellur Esen , Langer Peter
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reaction of 2,3‐Epoxypropyl Ethers with 1‐Butanol.
Authors: Yatluk Yu. G. , Suvorov A. L. , Khrustaleva E. A. , Chernyak S. V.
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds with Polyethylsiloxane in the Presence of Titanium Compounds.
Authors: Kozhukhova V. V. , Yatluk Yu. G. , Suvorov A. L. , Koryakova O. V.
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Amination of Some 1,3‐Dinitrobenzenes with Liquid Ammonia—Potassium Permanganate.
Authors: Szpakiewicz B. , Grzegozek M.
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Copper‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of a Bis(triorganosilyl) Zinc and a Methyl(triorganosilyl) Magnesium.
Authors: Oestreich Martin , Weiner Barbara
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Trifluoromethanesulfinamide from Ephedrine: A More Efficient Trifluoromethylating Reagent.
Authors: Roussel Solveig , Billard Thierry , Langlois Bernard R. , Saint‐Jalmes Laurent
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Aryl Chlorides with Alkynes Catalyzed by a Tetraphosphine—Palladium Catalyst.
Authors: Feuerstein Marie , Doucet Henri , Santelli Maurice
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel Synthesis of α‐Amino Carboxamides and Their Related Compounds via α‐Oxo Sulfones Starting from 2,2‐Disulfonyloxiranes.
Authors: Matsumoto Shoji , Ishii Michiko , Kimura Kazuto , Ogura Katsuyuki
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Oxidative Deprotection of Oximes, Phenylhydrazones and Semicarbazones Using Pyridinium Chlorochromate in Catalytic Amount with t‐Butyl Hydroperoxide and in the Solid State on Montmorillonite K‐10 Clay Support under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Ganguly Nemai C. , Datta Mrityunjoy , De Prithwiraj
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of New Polynitro Dicarboxylic Acid Esters.
Authors: Ermakov A. S. , Bulatov P. V. , Vinogradov D. B. , Tartakovskii V. A.
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Phospha‐adamantanes as Ligands for Organopalladium Chemistry: Aminations of Aryl Halides.
Authors: Gerristma David , Brenstrum Timothy , McNulty James , Capretta Alfredo
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Highly Efficient p‐Toluenesulfonic Acid‐Catalyzed Alcohol Addition or Hydration of Unsymmetrical Arylalkynes.
Authors: Olivi Nathanael , Thomas Emmanuel , Peyrat Jean‐Francois , Alami Mouad , Brion Jean‐Daniel
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nitroarene‐Catalyzed Oxidation with Sodium Percarbonate or Sodium Perborate as the Terminal Oxidant.
Authors: Bjoersvik Hans‐Rene , Vedia Merinero Jose Angel , Liguori Lucia
Published: January 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactions of Polyfluorinated 2‐Arylhydrazono‐3‐oxocarboxylic Acid Esters with o‐Phenylenediamine.
Authors: Khudina O. G. , Shchegol'kov E. V. , Burgart Ya. V. , Saloutin V. I.
Published: January 2005

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Synthetic and Mechanistic Studies on Asymmetric Cyanohydrin Synthesis Using a Titanium(salen) Bimetallic Catalyst.
Authors: Belokon Yuri N. , Blacker A. John , Carta Paola , Clutterbuck Lisa A. , North Michael
Published: January 2005

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Fluoride‐Promoted Oxidation of Fischer Alkoxy Carbene Complexes: Stoichiometric and Catalytic Conditions.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Andina Facundo , Fernandez‐Rodriquez Manuel A. , Garcia‐Garcia Patricia , Merino Isabel , Aguilar Enrique
Published: January 2005

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A Gentle and Efficient Route for the Deoxygenation of Sulfoxides Using Catecholborane (HBcat; cat = 1,2‐O2C6H4).
Authors: Harrison Daniel J. , Tam Nga Chiu , Vogels Christopher M. , Langler Richard F. , Baker R. Thomas , Decken Andreas , Westcott Stephen A.
Published: January 2005

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Reactions of Substituted Cyclohexanolones with Alicyclic and Fat‐Aromatic Amines.
Authors: Grigor'eva E. A. , Kriven'ko A. P. , Sorokin V. V. , Ramazanov A. K. , Inozemtseva O. A.
Published: January 2005

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Synthesis of Some Newer Analogues of Substituted Dibenzoyl Phenol as Potent Antiinflammatory Agents.
Authors: Khanum Shaukath Ara. , D Venu T. , Shashikanth Sheena , Firdouse Aiysha
Published: January 2005

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Synthesis and in vitro Antitumor Activity of Substituted Anthracene‐1,4‐diones.
Authors: Hua Duy H. , Lou Kaiyan , Havens Josh , Perchellet Elisabeth M. , Wang Yang , Perchellet Jean‐Pierre , Iwamoto Takeo
Published: January 2005

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Quadricyclane—Thermal Cycloaddition to Polyfluorinated Carbonyl Compounds. A Simple Synthesis of Polyfluorinated 3‐Oxatricyclo[4.2.1.02,5]non‐7‐enes.
Authors: Petrov Viacheslav A. , Davidson Frederic , Smart Bruce E.
Published: January 2005

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Synthesis of Carboalkoxychloro‐ and Bromodiazirines.
Authors: Martinu Tomas , Dailey William P.
Published: January 2005

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Alkatrienyl Sulfoxides and Sulfones. Part 6. Cheletropic Addition of Sulfur Dioxide to 1‐ and 3‐Vinylallenyl Sulfoxides and Sulfones.
Authors: Christov Valerij Ch. , Ivanov Ivaylo K.
Published: January 2005

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An Efficient Synthesis of Substituted Pyrroles with the Acid of a Low‐Valent Titanium Reagent.
Authors: Shi Daqing , Shi Chuling , Wang Xiangshan , Zhuang Qiya , Tu Shujiang , Hu Hongwen
Published: January 2005

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Pyrrole[2,1‐b]thiazol‐3(2H)‐ones as Precursors of N‐Alkyl‐2‐(1H‐pyrrol‐2‐ylthio)acetamides and N‐Alkyl‐2‐(1H‐pyrrol‐2‐ylthio)propanamides.
Authors: Tverdokhlebov Anton V. , Andrushko Alexander P. , Resnyanska Elizaveta V. , Tolmachev Andrey A.
Published: January 2005

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Synthesis of 1,2‐Disubstituted‐3‐alkylidenylpyrrolidines via a One‐Pot Three‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Huang Wenwei , O'Donnell Mary‐Margaret , Bi Grace , Liu Jifeng , Yu Libing , Baldino Carmen M. , Bell Andrew S. , Underwood Toby J.
Published: January 2005

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Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Coarctate Cyclization of (2‐Ethynylphenyl)phenyldiazenes.
Authors: Shirtcliff Laura D. , Weakley Timothy J. R. , Haley Michael M. , Koehler Felix , Herges Rainer
Published: January 2005

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Novel and Chemoselective Dehydrogenation of 2‐Substituted Imidazolines with Potassium Permanganate Supported on Silica Gel.
Authors: Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Abdollahi‐Alibeik Mohammad
Published: January 2005

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Synthesis of 2‐Alkylidene‐4‐(hydroxymethyl)thiazolidines by One‐Pot Cyclization of Dilithiated Arylmethylnitrile with Isothiocyanates and Epibromohydrin.
Authors: Albrecht Uwe , Langer Peter
Published: January 2005

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A New Synthesis of Thiazole Derivatives via Ring Transformation of 6‐Imino‐6H‐1,3‐thiazine Hydroperchlorates.
Authors: Briel Detlef
Published: January 2005

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Synthesis of Some New 2‐Mercaptobenzothiazolyl‐2‐oxoazetidines as Antimicrobial and Anthelmintic Agents.
Authors: Srivastava S. K. , Yadav R. , Srivastava S. D.
Published: January 2005

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Reformatsky Reaction with N‐Substituted 6‐Bromo‐2‐oxochromene‐3‐carboxamides.
Authors: Shchepin V. V. , Fotin D. V. , Fotin V. V. , Vakhrin M. I.
Published: January 2005

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Synthesis and Solid‐State Structures of Alkyl‐Substituted 3‐Cyano‐2‐pyridones.
Authors: Fischer Christian B. , Polborn Kurt , Steininger Harald , Zipse Hendrik
Published: January 2005

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Synthesis of Substituted Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]pyridines
Authors: Goel Sharda , Parkash Surya , Goel Vijender Kumar
Published: January 2005

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A New Method for the Synthesis of 1,3‐Oxathiolan‐2‐ones by the Reaction of Epoxides with Sulfur and Carbon Monoxide.
Authors: Nishiyama Yutaka , Katahira Chisato , Sonoda Noboru
Published: January 2005

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An Efficient Synthesis of Fluorine‐Containing Polyfunctional 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydropyrimidines.
Authors: Zhao Fu‐Lu , Liu Jin‐Tao
Published: January 2005

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Reaction of 2‐Aminothiazoles and Their Benzo‐ and Naphtho Derivatives with β‐Sulfonyltrifluoromethylvinyldiols.
Authors: Krasovsky A. L. , Moiseev A. M. , Nenajdenko V. G. , Balenkova E. S.
Published: January 2005

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A Short, Novel Approach to 2,3,4a,5‐Tetrahydro‐1H‐pyrazino[1,2‐a]quinoline‐4,6‐diones
Authors: Bernotas Ronald C.
Published: January 2005

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A Versatile Synthesis of Fused Triazolo Derivatives by Sequential Ugi/Alkyne—Azide Cycloaddition Reactions.
Authors: Akritopoulou‐Zanze Irini , Gracias Vijaya , Djuric Stevan W.
Published: January 2005

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Some Chemical Transformations of 4,5‐Dihydro‐5‐methyl‐3H‐spiro[benz‐2‐azepine‐3,1′‐cyclohexane] N‐Oxide.
Authors: Varlamov A. V. , Grudinin D. G. , Chernyshev A. I.
Published: January 2005

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Convenient Synthesis of 7‐Aryl‐3,4,5,6‐tetrahydro‐2H‐pyrido[4,5‐b]‐ and [2,3‐b]‐1,5‐oxazocine‐6‐ones.
Authors: Seto Shigeki
Published: January 2005

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Oxidative Reactions of Azines. Part 11. The Influence of Manganese Dioxide on the Reaction of Tetrahydropyridines with Formaldehyde: Synthesis and Molecular Structures of 3‐Oxa‐7‐azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane and 6‐Oxa‐2‐azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes.
Authors: Soldatenkov A. T. , Polyanskii K. B. , Temesgen A. V. , Sergeeva N. D. , Vysotskaya V. V. , Averkiev B. B. , Antipin M. Yu. , Lobanov N. N.
Published: January 2005

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Protecting Group Effects on the Efficiency of the Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Alder‐Ene Reaction.
Authors: Hartley Joseph P. , Pyne Stephen G.
Published: January 2005

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Preparation and Characterization of New Phosphonyl‐Substituted Imidazolium Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Mu Zong‐gang , Zhou Feng , Zhang Shu‐xiang , Liang Yong‐min , Liu Wei‐min
Published: January 2005

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Kunzeanones A, B, and C: Novel Alkylated Phloroglucinol Metabolites from Kunzea ambigua
Authors: Ito Hideyuki , Iwamori Hitomi , Kasajima Naoki , Kaneda Miyuki , Yoshida Takashi
Published: January 2005

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Cazolobine, a New Sesquiterpene from Isolona hexaloba (Annonaceae).
Authors: Mathouet Hilarion , Cazoulat Isabelle , Oulyadi Hassan , Seguin Elisabeth , Daich Adam , Elomri Abdelhakim
Published: January 2005

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1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions to Galanthamine Nitrone: An Entry to 4a,5,9,10‐Tetrahydro‐6H,14aH‐benzofuro[3a,3,2‐ef]isoxazolo[3,2‐a] [2]benzazepines.
Authors: Hemetsberger Margit , Treu Matthias , Hametner Christian , Jordis Ulrich , Mereiter Kurt , Froehlich Johannes
Published: January 2005

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Biselides A and B, Novel Macrolides from the Okinawan Ascidian Didemnidae sp.
Authors: Teruya Toshiaki , Shimogawa Hiroki , Suenaga Kiyotake , Kigoshi Hideo
Published: January 2005

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Synthesis of (‐)‐Tuliparin B Utilizing 2‐Bromo‐1‐alkenes Conveniently Synthesized from the 3‐O‐Substituted 1,2‐Dibromoalkane System by Regioselective Elimination.
Authors: Ohgiya Tadaaki , Nishiyama Shigeru
Published: January 2005

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Cu—Fe—S (Copper—Iron—Sulfur)
Authors: Raghavan V.
Published: January 2005

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Cu—Fe—Ni—S (Copper—Iron—Nickel—Sulfur)
Authors: Raghavan V.
Published: January 2005

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As—Cu—Fe—S (Arsenic—Copper—Iron—Sulfur)
Authors: Raghavan V.
Published: January 2005

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Cyclization of 2‐Halobenzoyl Chlorides with Dinucleophiles as a Versatile Approach to Fused Heterocycles
Authors: Nosova E. V. , Lipunova G. N. , Charushin V. N.
Published: January 2005

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Enantioselective Protonations: Fundamental Insights and New Concepts
Authors: Duhamel Lucette , Duhamel Pierre , Plaquevent Jean‐Christophe
Published: January 2005

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New Strategies for the Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Highly Functionalized, Small Molecules: Sequential Nucleophilic Substitutions on Polymer‐Bound Polyelectrophiles
Authors: Zaragoza Florencio
Published: January 2005

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The Traceless Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Organic Molecules
Authors: Tumelty David , Pan Yijun , Holmes Christopher P.
Published: January 2005

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A Review of Solid‐Phase Organic Synthesis on SynPhase Lanterns and SynPhase Crowns
Authors: Parsons Jack G. , Sheehan Craig S. , Wu Zemin , James Ian W. , Bray Andrew M.
Published: January 2005

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Cross‐Coupling of Organic Halides with Alkenes: The Heck Reaction
Authors: Braese Stefan , de Meijere Armin
Published: January 2005

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Impact of Nanoscience on Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Hamid Sharifah Bee Abd , Schloegl Robert
Published: January 2005

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N‐Confused Porphyrins as New Scaffolds for Supramolecular Architecture
Authors: Maeda Hiromitsu , Furuta Hiroyuki
Published: January 2005

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Tetraazaphospholes
Authors: Collier S. J.
Published: January 2005

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Regioselective Control of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions
Authors: Smith Keith , El‐Hiti Gamal A.
Published: January 2005

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Palladium‐Catalyzed Aromatic Carbon—Nitrogen Bond Formation
Authors: Jiang Lei , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: January 2005

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The McMurry Coupling and Related Reactions
Authors: Ephritikhine Michel , Villiers Claude
Published: January 2005

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The Peterson and Related Reactions
Authors: Kano Naokazu , Kawashima Takayuki
Published: January 2005

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Thiadiazaphospholes
Authors: Collier S. J.
Published: January 2005

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Mice Lacking PACAP: A Minireview Focussing on the Brain Function
Authors: Shintani Norihito
Published: January 2005

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Comparison of Biochemical Properties and Protein Level of Mevalonate Pyrophosphate Decarboxylase Between Stroke‐Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and Wistar‐Kyoto Rats
Authors: Michihara Akihiro
Published: January 2005

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The Role of Virtual Screening in Computer Aided Structure‐Based Drug Design
Authors: Branson Kim M. , Smith Brian J.
Published: January 2005

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The concept of effective correlation times for describing backbone motions in proteins. Part II. Tentative interpretation of the residue‐specific correlation time in terms of overall rotation‐diffusion
Authors: Bouguet‐Bonnet Sabine , Mutzenhardt Pierre , Roumestand Christian , Canet Daniel
Published: January 2005

In part I of this article, it was shown that protein 15N relaxation data at different magnetic fields can be fitted according to a residue‐specific correlation time τeff, which is associated with slow motions sensed by the considered residue. The present article is an attempt to justify the correlation time variations along the backbone by anisotropic overall motion. When an axial rotation‐diffusion tensor is assumed, it is possible to derive simple expressions for relating τeff to τ⟂ and τ// (the two correlation times defining the rotation‐diffusion tensor). A consistent picture is obtained for the most organized parts of the protein C12A‐p8MTCP1 which, as in part I of this article, serves here as an example. By contrast, the model of rotation‐diffusion fails for other less‐organized parts of the protein, suggesting a combination of several slow or intermediate motions. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 24A: 10–16, 2005.