bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
City Grade Classification Based on Connectivity Analysis by Luojia I Night-Time Light Images in Henan Province, China
Authors: Zhao Zongze , Cheng Gang , Wang Cheng , Wang Shuangting , Wang Hongtao
Published: May 2020

City classification can provide important data and technical support for city planning and government decision-making. Traditional city classification mainly relies on the accumulation and analysis of census data, which requires a large time period and relies heavily on historical and statistical data. This paper mainly utilizes Luojia I Night-Time Light (NTL) images to analyze the rank classification of cities in Henan Province, China. Intensity values can be expressed as the mathematical surface of continuous human activities, and the basic characteristics of urban structures are determined by analogy with the topography of the earth. A connectivity analysis method for NTL images is proposed to analyze the connected regions of images at different intensity levels. By constructing a tree structure, different cities can be analyzed “crosswise” and “lengthwise” to generate a series of parametric information from connected regions of NTL images. Based on these parameters, 18 cities in Henan Province were classified and analyzed. The results show that these attribute information can be well used for city center detection and grade classification, and can meet the requirements of application analysis.
Remote Detection of Moisture and Bio-Deterioration of Building Walls by Time-Of-Flight and Phase-Shift Terrestrial Laser Scanners
Authors: Suchocki Czesław , Damięcka-Suchocka Marzena , Katzer Jacek , Janicka Joanna , Rapiński Jacek , Stałowska Paulina
Published: May 2020

Detection of bio-deterioration and moisture is one of the most important tasks for comprehensive diagnostic measurements of buildings and structures. Any undesirable change in the material properties caused by the action of biological agents contributes to gradual aesthetic and physical damage to buildings. Very often, such surface changes can lead to structural defects or poor maintenance. In this paper, radiometric analysis of point clouds is proposed for moisture and biofilm detection in building walls. Recent studies show that remote terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technology is very useful for registering and evaluating the technical state of the deterioration of building walls caused by moisture and microorganisms. Two different types of TLS, time-of-flight and phase-shift scanners, were used in the study. The potential of TLS radiometric data for detecting moisture and biofilm on wall surfaces was tested on two buildings. The main aim of the research is to compare two types of scanners in the context of their use in the detection of moisture and microorganisms.
Object-Based Analysis Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Site-Specific Landslide Assessment
Authors: Karantanellis Efstratios , Marinos Vassilis , Vassilakis Emmanuel , Christaras Basile
Published: May 2020

The increased development of computer vision technology combined with the increased availability of innovative platforms with ultra-high-resolution sensors, has generated new opportunities and fields for investigation in the engineering geology domain in general and landslide identification and characterization in particular. During the last decade, the so-called Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have been evaluated for diverse applications such as 3D terrain analysis, slope stability, mass movement hazard and risk management. Their advantages of detailed data acquisition at a low cost and effective performance identifies them as leading platforms for site-specific 3D modelling. In this study, the proposed methodology has been developed based on Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) and fusion of multivariate data resulted from UAV photogrammetry processing in order to take full advantage of the produced data. Two landslide case studies within the territory of Greece, with different geological and geomorphological characteristics, have been investigated in order to assess the developed landslide detection and characterization algorithm performance in distinct scenarios. The methodology outputs demonstrate the potential for an accurate characterization of individual landslide objects within this natural process based on ultra high-resolution data from close range photogrammetry and OBIA techniques for landslide conceptualization. This proposed study shows that UAV-based landslide modelling on the specific case sites provides a detailed characterization of local scale events in an automated sense with high adaptability on the specific case site.
Land Use/Land Cover Changes Impact on Groundwater Level and Quality in the Northern Part of the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Elmahdy Samy , Mohamed Mohamed , Ali Tarig
Published: May 2020

This study aims to develop an integrated approach for mapping and monitoring land use/land cover (LULC) changes and to investigate the impacts of LULC changes and population growth on groundwater level and quality using Landsat images and hydrological information in a Geographic information system (GIS) environment. All Landsat images (1990, 2000, 2010, and 2018) were classified using a support vector machine (SVM) and spectral analysis mapper (SAM) classifiers. The result of validation metrics, including precision, recall, and F1, indicated that the SVM classier has a better performance than SAM. The obtained LULC maps have an overall accuracy of more than 90%. Each pair of enhanced LULC maps (1990–2000, 2000–2010, 2010–2018, and 1990–2018) were used as input data for an image difference algorithm to monitor LULC changes. Maps of change detection were then imported into a GIS environment and spatially correlated against the spatiotemporal maps of groundwater level and groundwater quality. The results also show that the approximate built-up area increased from 227.26 km2 (1.39%) to 869.77 km2 (7.41%), while vegetated areas (farmlands, parks and gardens) increased from about 76.70 km2 (0.65%) to 290.70 km2 (2.47%). The observed changes in LULC are highly linked to the depletion in groundwater level and quality across the study area from the Oman Mountains to the coastal areas.
Improving Estimation of Soil Moisture Content Using a Modified Soil Thermal Inertia Model
Authors: Liu Zhenhua , Zhao Li , Peng Yiping , Wang Guangxing , Hu Yueming
Published: May 2020

There has been substantial research for estimating and mapping soil moisture content (SMC) of large areas using remotely sensed images by developing models of soil thermal inertia (STI). However, it is still a great challenge to accurately estimate SMC because of the impact of vegetation canopies and vegetation-induced shadows in mixed pixels on the estimates. In this study, a new method was developed to increase the estimation accuracy of SMC for an irrigated area located in YingKe of Heihe, China, using ASTER data. In the method, an original model of estimating bare STI was modified by decomposing a mixed pixel into three components, bare soil, vegetated soil, and shaded soil, as well as extracting their fractions using a spectral unmixing analysis and then deriving their fluxes. Moreover, the 90 m spatial resolution thermal images were scaled down to the 15 m spatial resolution by data fusion of a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and re-sampling using the nearest neighbor method (NNM). The modified model was compared with the original model based on the mean absolute error (MAE) and relative root mean square error (RRMSE) between the SMC estimates and observations from 30 validation soil samples. The results indicated that compared to the original model based on the parallel dual layer, the modified STI model based on the serial dual layer statistically significantly decreased the MAE and RRMSE of the SMC estimates by 63.0–63.2% and 63.0–63.5%, respectively. The 15 m spatial resolution thermal bands obtained by the DWT data fusion provided more detailed information of SMC but did not significantly improve its estimation accuracy than the 15 m spatial resolution thermal bands by re-sampling using NNM. This implied that the novel method offered insights on how to increase the accuracy of retrieving SMC estimates in vegetated areas.
Creating New Near-Surface Air Temperature Datasets to Understand Elevation-Dependent Warming in the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Mingxi , Wang Bin , Cleverly James , Liu De Li , Feng Puyu , Zhang Hong , Huete Alfredo , Yang Xihua , Yu Qiang
Published: May 2020

The Tibetan Plateau has been undergoing accelerated warming over recent decades, and is considered an indicator for broader global warming phenomena. However, our understanding of warming rates with elevation in complex mountain regions is incomplete. The most serious concern is the lack of high-quality near-surface air temperature (Tair) datasets in these areas. To address this knowledge gap, we developed an automated mapping framework for the estimation of seamless daily minimum and maximum Land Surface Temperatures (LSTs) for the Tibetan Plateau from the existing MODIS LST products for a long period of time (i.e., 2002–present). Specific machine learning methods were developed and linked with target-oriented validation and then applied to convert LST to Tair. Spatial variables in retrieving Tair, such as solar radiation and vegetation indices, were used in estimation of Tair, whereas MODIS LST products were mainly focused on temporal variation in surface air temperature. We validated our process using independent Tair products, revealing more reliable estimates on Tair; the R2 and RMSE at monthly scales generally fell in the range of 0.9–0.95 and 1–2 °C. Using these continuous and consistent Tair datasets, we found temperature increases in the elevation range between 2000–3000 m and 4000–5000 m, whereas the elevation interval at 6000–7000 m exhibits a cooling trend. The developed datasets, findings and methodology contribute to global studies on accelerated warming.
Lidar Data Reduction for Unmanned Systems Navigation in Urban Canyon
Authors: Mayalu Alfred , Kochersberger Kevin , Jenkins Barry , Malassenet François
Published: May 2020

This paper introduces a novel protocol for managing low altitude 3D aeronautical chart data to address the unique navigational challenges and collision risks associated with populated urban environments. Based on the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) 3D Tiles standard for geospatial data delivery, the proposed extension, called 3D Tiles Nav., uses a navigation-centric packet structure which automatically decomposes the navigable regions of space into hyperlocal navigation cells and encodes environmental surfaces that are potentially visible from each cell. The developed method is sensor agnostic and provides the ability to quickly and conservatively encode visibility directly from a region by enabling an expanded approach to viewshed analysis. In this approach, the navigation cells themselves are used to represent the intrinsic positional uncertainty often needed for navigation. Furthermore, we present in detail this new data format and its unique features as well as a candidate framework illustrating how an Unmanned Traffic Management (UTM) system could support trajectory-based operations and performance-based navigation in the urban canyon. Our results, experiments, and simulations conclude that this data reorganization enables 3D map streaming using less bandwidth and efficient 3D map-matching systems with limited on-board compute, storage, and sensor resources.
Emulating and Evaluating Virtual Remote Laboratories for Cybersecurity
Authors: Robles-Gómez Antonio , Tobarra Llanos , Pastor-Vargas Rafael , Hernández Roberto , Cano Jesús
Published: May 2020

Our society is nowadays evolving towards a digital era, due to the extensive use of computer technologies and their interconnection mechanisms, i.e., social networks, Internet resources, IoT services, etc. This way, new threats and vulnerabilities appear. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity of training students in the topic of cybersecurity, in which practical skills have to be acquired. In distance education, the inclusion of on-line resources for hands-on activities in its curricula is a key step in meeting that need. This work presents several contributions. First, the fundamentals of a virtual remote laboratory hosted in the cloud are detailed. This laboratory is a step forward since the laboratory combines both virtualization and cloud paradigms to dynamically create emulated environments. Second, this laboratory has also been integrated into the practical curricula of a cybersecurity subject, as an additional on-line resource. Third, the students’ traceability, in terms of their interactions with the laboratory, is also analyzed. Psychological TAM/UTAUT factors (perceived usefulness, estimated effort, social influence, attitude, ease of access) that may affect the intention of using the laboratory are analyzed. Fourth, the degree of satisfaction is analyzed with a great impact, since the mean values of these factors are most of them higher than 4 points out of 5. In addition to this, the students’ acceptance of the presented technology is exhaustively studied. Two structural equation models have been hypothesized and validated. Finally, the acceptance of the technology can be concluded as very good in order to be used in other Engineering contexts. In this sense, the calculated statistical values for the improved proposed model are within the expected ranges of reliability (X2 = 0.6, X2/DF = 0.3, GFI = 0.985, CIF = 0.985, RMSEA = 0) by considering the literature.
Gentle Versus Strong Touch Classification: Preliminary Results, Challenges, and Potentials
Authors: Keshmiri Soheil , Shiomi Masahiro , Sumioka Hidenobu , Minato Takashi , Ishiguro Hiroshi
Published: May 2020

Touch plays a crucial role in humans’ nonverbal social and affective communication. It then comes as no surprise to observe a considerable effort that has been placed on devising methodologies for automated touch classification. For instance, such an ability allows for the use of smart touch sensors in such real-life application domains as socially-assistive robots and embodied telecommunication. In fact, touch classification literature represents an undeniably progressive result. However, these results are limited in two important ways. First, they are mostly based on overall (i.e., average) accuracy of different classifiers. As a result, they fall short in providing an insight on performance of these approaches as per different types of touch. Second, they do not consider the same type of touch with different level of strength (e.g., gentle versus strong touch). This is certainly an important factor that deserves investigating since the intensity of a touch can utterly transform its meaning (e.g., from an affectionate gesture to a sign of punishment). The current study provides a preliminary investigation of these shortcomings by considering the accuracy of a number of classifiers for both, within- (i.e., same type of touch with differing strengths) and between-touch (i.e., different types of touch) classifications. Our results help verify the strength and shortcoming of different machine learning algorithms for touch classification. They also highlight some of the challenges whose solution concepts can pave the path for integration of touch sensors in such application domains as human–robot interaction (HRI).
Outlier Detection Based on Residual Histogram Preference for Geometric Multi-Model Fitting
Authors: Zhao Xi , Zhang Yun , Xie Shoulie , Qin Qianqing , Wu Shiqian , Luo Bin
Published: May 2020

Geometric model fitting is a fundamental issue in computer vision, and the fitting accuracy is affected by outliers. In order to eliminate the impact of the outliers, the inlier threshold or scale estimator is usually adopted. However, a single inlier threshold cannot satisfy multiple models in the data, and scale estimators with a certain noise distribution model work poorly in geometric model fitting. It can be observed that the residuals of outliers are big for all true models in the data, which makes the consensus of the outliers. Based on this observation, we propose a preference analysis method based on residual histograms to study the outlier consensus for outlier detection in this paper. We have found that the outlier consensus makes the outliers gather away from the inliers on the designed residual histogram preference space, which is quite convenient to separate outliers from inliers through linkage clustering. After the outliers are detected and removed, a linkage clustering with permutation preference is introduced to segment the inliers. In addition, in order to make the linkage clustering process stable and robust, an alternative sampling and clustering framework is proposed in both the outlier detection and inlier segmentation processes. The experimental results also show that the outlier detection scheme based on residual histogram preference can detect most of the outliers in the data sets, and the fitting results are better than most of the state-of-the-art methods in geometric multi-model fitting.
Teaching and Learning IoT Cybersecurity and Vulnerability Assessment with Shodan through Practical Use Cases
Authors: Fernández-Caramés Tiago M. , Fraga-Lamas Paula
Published: May 2020

Shodan is a search engine for exploring the Internet and thus finding connected devices. Its main use is to provide a tool for cybersecurity researchers and developers to detect vulnerable Internet-connected devices without scanning them directly. Due to its features, Shodan can be used for performing cybersecurity audits on Internet of Things (IoT) systems and devices used in applications that require to be connected to the Internet. The tool allows for detecting IoT device vulnerabilities that are related to two common cybersecurity problems in IoT: the implementation of weak security mechanisms and the lack of a proper security configuration. To tackle these issues, this article describes how Shodan can be used to perform audits and thus detect potential IoT-device vulnerabilities. For such a purpose, a use case-based methodology is proposed to teach students and users to carry out such audits and then make more secure the detected exploitable IoT devices. Moreover, this work details how to automate IoT-device vulnerability assessments through Shodan scripts. Thus, this article provides an introductory practical guide to IoT cybersecurity assessment and exploitation with Shodan.
Performance of LoRaWAN for Handling Telemetry and Alarm Messages in Industrial Applications
Authors: Santos Filho Francisco Helder C. dos , Dester Plínio S. , Stancanelli Elvis M. G. , Cardieri Paulo , Nardelli Pedro H. J. , Carrillo Dick , Alves Hirley
Published: May 2020

This paper analyzes the feasibility of the coexistence of telemetry and alarm messages employing Long-Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN) technology in industrial environments. The regular telemetry messages come from periodic measurements from the majority of sensors while the alarm messages come from sensors whose transmissions are triggered by rarer (random) events that require highly reliable communication. To reach such a strict requirement, we propose here strategies of allocation of spreading factor, by treating alarm and regular (telemetry) messages differently. The potential of such allocation strategies has also been investigated under retransmission and diversity of gateways. Both indoor industrial plant and open-field scenarios are investigated. We compare the proposed solution with a benchmark scenario—where no alarm is considered—by using system level simulation. Our results show that it is possible to achieve high reliability with reasonably low delay for the alarm messages without significantly affecting the performance of the regular links.
Effect of the Interpersonal Autonomy-Supportive Teaching Style on the Professional Training of Lifeguards
Authors: Castañón-Rubio Irene , Marcos-Pardo Pablo Jorge , Cano Noguera Francisco , Moreno-Murcia Juan Antonio
Published: May 2020

The objective of this study was to analyze the motivational, behavioral, and cognitive effect of autonomy support in rescue and lifesaving classes within the framework of the self-determination theory. The sample consisted of 40 students aged from 19 to 26 years old (M = 20.83; TD = 1.86). Students were randomly divided into the intervention (n = 19) and control (n = 21) groups. The following were measured: the perception of the autonomy-supportive and controlling interpersonal styles, the social support for the basic psychological needs of the professor, the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs, and the aquatic competence in rescue and lifeguarding. After the application of the program, improvements were observed in the intervention group in the variables of perception of autonomy support, social support for autonomy, and competence; satisfaction of the basic psychological needs for autonomy and competence; and improvement of the cognitive and behavioral processes of aquatic competence in rescue and lifeguarding. The findings show the effectiveness of the interpersonal teaching style of the autonomy-support program by obtaining more positive results at the motivational, behavioral, and cognitive levels, as opposed to a controlling interpersonal style.
Higher Education in Innovation Ecosystems
Authors: Cai Yuzhuo , Ma Jinyuan , Chen Qiongqiong
Published: May 2020

While higher education has been considered as both an ‘engine’ for innovation and a ‘catalyst’ for sustainability development, the integration of both the ‘innovation engine’ and ‘sustainability catalyst’ roles is best reflected in higher education’s engagement in innovation ecosystems—the theme of this special issue, including 16 articles dealing with the topic from various perspectives. In this editorial, we outline an overarching framework about the relations between higher education and innovation ecosystem. When elaborating the framework, we provide a new definition of innovation ecosystem and identify three roles of university in innovation ecosystems, based on synthesizing relevant literature. The framework could facilitate readers to comprehend each of the collected articles and find synergy among them.
Is India Ready for Alt-Meat? Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Meat Alternatives
Authors: Arora Rashmit S. , Brent Daniel A. , Jaenicke Edward C.
Published: May 2020

Little is known about the consumer preferences of next-generation plant-based and cell-based meat alternatives, two food technologies that offer a demand-side solution to the environmental, nutritional, and other societal concerns associated with animal-intensive agriculture. To address this gap, this paper estimates consumers’ willingness to pay for four sources of protein (conventional meat, plant-based meat, cell-based meat, and chickpeas) in a developing country with rising demand for meat—India. A latent class model of a discrete choice experiment conducted in Mumbai identifies four heterogeneous segments in the Indian market. Aggregating across all four segments, respondents are willing to pay a premium for plant-based meat and a smaller premium for cell-based meat over the price of conventional meat. However, our main findings show that these premiums strongly differ across the four consumer-class segments. The results offer important insights into future price points and policy options that might make these meat alternatives commercially successful, and therefore, a viable option in addressing societal concerns.
A Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of Different Mobile Manipulators Used as Displaceable 3D Printers of Building Elements for the Construction Industry
Authors: Rivera Robert Guamán , Alvarado Rodrigo García , Martínez-Rocamora Alejandro , Auat Cheein Fernando
Published: May 2020

The construction industry is currently technologically challenged to incorporate new developments for enhancing the process, such as the use of 3D printing for complex building structures, which is the aim of this brief. To do so, we show a systematic study regarding the usability and performance of mobile manipulators as displaceable 3D printing machinery in construction sites, with emphasis on the three main different existing mobile platforms: the car-like, the unicycle and the omnidirectional (mecanum wheeled), with an UR5 manipulator on them. To evaluate its performance, we propose the printing of the following building elements: helical, square, circular and mesh, with different sizes. As metrics, we consider the total control effort observed in the robots and the total tracking error associated with the energy consumed in the activity to get a more sustainable process. In addition, to further test our work, we constrained the robot workspace thus resembling real life construction sites. In general, the statistical results show that the omnidirectional platform presents the best results –lowest tracking error and lowest control effort– for circular, helicoidal and mesh building elements; and car-like platform shows the best results for square-like building element. Then, an innovative performance analysis is achieved for the printing of building elements, with a contribution to the reduction of energy consumption.
Analysis for Growth Potential in Response to Changes in the Online Food Market
Authors: Kim Jonghwa
Published: May 2020

This study examines changes in the online food market in South Korea, identifies this market’s potential for sustainable growth, and analyzes the causal relationships between media channels (mobile and PC-based devices) and product groups (fresh food, processed food, and food service). Whereas prior research has mainly focused on PC-based online shopping, this study analyzes the market for different media and product groups using Statistics Korea’s monthly time series data and the vector error correction model. The results reveal that PC-based online shopping has a long-term equilibrium relationship with mobile shopping in the online food market. However, in the short term, the mobile fresh food and food service transaction amounts are in a feedback relationship, while mobile processed food transaction amounts have a negative effect on other variables. In turn, PC-based online shopping has a positive effect on mobile shopping. In addition, consumer preference is shifting from PC-based devices to mobile devices, and demand is expanding from processed food to fresh food and food service. The results imply that marketers should both prepare for the emergence of new media and expand their product groups—their focus should be on expanding services rather than goods. In conclusion, for the sustainable growth of the online food market, it is essential for the market participants to cope actively with the new environment surrounding the online food market, and enhance their sustainability to minimize the negative effects from technological advances as consumer preference is continuously changing and information technology and online media continue to develop.
Performance Evaluation and Design of Thermo-Responsive SMP Shading Prototypes
Authors: Yoon Jungwon , Bae Sanghyun
Published: May 2020

Smart materials with changeable properties responding to environmental changes are studied in architecture. Shape Memory Polymer (SMP) is preferred among available thermo-responsive smart materials for architectural applications because of its advantages of reaction temperatures, deformation patterns, shape-changing behaviors, opportunity for various forms and manufacturing processing, in addition to the shape memory effect. Of various façade elements, this study focuses on designing and validating the SMP components as prototypes for shading devices for the Climate Adaptive Building Skin (CABS), to approach design decisions of optimal activation temperature, size, arrangements, and operating scenarios using digital models and simulation tools following the presented research framework in conjunction with design-to-fabrication studies in parallel. Prior to performance evaluations, the operating principles of SMP shading devices and interpretation of temperature data in relation to the urban conditions are prescribed. This research is based on a sustainability assessment of state-of-the-art responsive façade design integrating SMP elements combining active and passive measures to support a sustainable architectural design that provides less heat gain and better daylight comfort while demonstrating the simplified performance analysis method of SMP prototype designs. Following the simulation and comparative analysis of the results, drawbacks, and cautions inherent in the simulation methods, the potential meaning is briefly discussed.
CMIP5-Based Spatiotemporal Changes of Extreme Temperature Events during 2021–2100 in Mainland China
Authors: Ying Hong , Zhang Hongyan , Sun Ying , Zhao Jianjun , Zhang Zhengxiang , Guo Xiaoyi , Zhao Hang , Wu Rihan , Deng Guorong
Published: May 2020

The increasing number of extreme climate events is having a great impact on the terrestrial ecosystem. In this study, we applied a Taylor diagram to evaluate the 7 extreme temperature indices (ETI) of 12 models and the multi-model ensemble (MME) mean from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) during 1961–2005, and found that the MME has the best simulation effect. Warm indices and warm duration indices increase slowly, rapidly, and extremely under the representative concentration pathway 2.6 (RCP2.6), RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively. In contrast, the decrease in cold indices and cold duration indices are slow, rapid and extreme, respectively. The ETI from 2021–2100 under the RCP2.6 and RCP4.5 scenarios have primary periods ranging from 1–16 years. Under the RCP2.6 and RCP4.5 scenarios, the changes of warm indices are relatively largest in the basin of the central, and southeastern, while, under the RCP8.5 scenario, the changes are relatively significant, except for basin of northeast. The cold indices have the most significant decreasing trend in the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas, under the three RCP scenarios. The findings from this study can provide reference for the risk management and prevention of climate disasters in the context of climate change in mainland China.
Electrical Discharge Machining Non-Conductive Ceramics: Combination of Materials
Authors: Volosova Marina A. , Okunkova Anna A. , Fedorov Sergey V. , Hamdy Khaled , Mikhailova Mariya A.
Published: May 2020

One of the promising processing methods for non-conductive structural and functional ceramics based on ZrO2, Al2O3, and Si3N4 systems is electrical discharge machining with the assistance of an auxiliary electrode that can be presented in the form of conductive films with a thickness up to 4–10 µm or nanoparticles - granules, tubes, platelets, multidimensional particles added in the working zone as a free poured powder the proper concentration of which can be provided by ultrasound emission or by dielectric flows or as conductive additives in the structure of nanocomposites. However, the described experimental approaches did not reach the production market and industry. It is related mostly to the chaotic development of the knowledge and non-systematized data in the field when researchers often cannot ground their choice of the material for auxiliary electrodes, assisting powders, or nano additives or they cannot explain the nature of processes that were observed in the working tank during experiments when their results are not correlated to the measured specific electrical conductivity of the electrodes, particles, ceramic workpieces or nanocomposites but depends on something else. The proposed review includes data on the main electrophysical and chemical properties of the components in the presence of heat when the temperature in the interelectrode gap reaches 10,000 °C, and the systematization of data on ceramic pressing methods, including spark plasma sintering, the chemical reactions that occur in the interelectrode gap during sublimation of primary (brass and copper) and auxiliary electrodes made of transition metals Ti, Cr, Co, and carbon, auxiliary electrodes made of metals with low melting point Zn, Ag, Au, Al, assisting powder of oxide ceramics TiO2, CeO2, SnO2, ITO, conductive additives Cu, W, TiC, WC, and components of Al2O3 and Zr2O workpieces in interaction with the dielectric fluid - water and oil/kerosene medium.
Obscuration and Scattering in Narrow-Line Seyfert 1s
Authors: Pan Xiang , Zhou Hongyan , Jiang Peng
Published: May 2020

Narrow-line Seyfert 1s (NLS1s) observed at large inclinations from face-on are important for understanding this amazing AGN subclass. However, progress is slowly being made in the huntings and studies of highly obscured (EB–V ≥ 1) NLS1s. Recently, we discovered that multi-wavelength photometric and polarimetric analysis can be of great help in identifying and studying highly obscured NLS1s. This paper presents an intercomparison study of three typical highly obscured NLS1s. By joint analysis of extinction, absorption lines, and scattered AGN radiation, properties of the nucleus (disk and broad emission line regions) are measured. Physical and geometrical conditions about circum-nucleus obscuring/scattering clouds are also estimated. In addition, the host galaxies which are usually difficult to observe in such high luminosity NLS1s are also revealed in these targets. The results show that obscuration and scattering can be powerful probes to obscured NLS1s. Analogues of these obscured NLS1s are found to widely exist. In addition, they will be followed up in our future works, so as to understand the nuclei, circum-nucleus clouds, and host galaxies of NLS1s.
Ліцензування та акредитація освітнього процесу: процедурні аспекти
Authors: Євдокіменко С. , Євдокіменко С.
Published: May 2020

Дослідження спрямоване на визначення особливостей процедурних аспектів ліцензування та акредитації в освітньому процесі. Охарактеризовано особливості сучасного нормативно-правового стану зазначених процедур, визначені підстави для їх вдосконалення і реформування. Досліджено розвиток нормативно-правової бази, на якій ґрунтуються механізми ліцензування і акредитації освітнього процесу в Україні. Розглянуто особливості статусу суб’єктів, що беруть участь у цих процедурах, наведені їх характеристики. Проаналізовано порядок здійснення ліцензування та акредитації. Визначені вектори для подальшого розвитку ліцензування та акредитації, окреслені пріоритетні напрямки наукових досліджень щодо механізмів реалізації ліцензування і акредитації в освітньому процесі.
METHODOLOGY OF VIBRO LOADER DESIGN WITH ASYMMETRIC OSCILLATIONS
Authors: Gerasimov M. , Lyubimyy N. , Ryazancev V.
Published: May 2020

Vibration machines make up a large class of construction and road construction equipment. The improvement of vibration machines is carried out in the direction of improving the vibration device as the main working body of the machine. For a long time, vibrators with circular vibrations are used as vibration devices, the effectiveness of which is not always sufficient when performing special work on immersing piles into and removing them from the soil. The priority area of development and creation of vibration devices for technological processes in the coming years is mechanisms with asymmetric oscillations. Vibration devices with asymmetric oscillations can significantly increase the efficiency of using vibration machines due to the fact that the driving force aimed at performing useful work exceeds the magnitude of the driving force directed at idling several times. However, at present there is no method for determining and calculating the parameters of vibration devices with asymmetric oscillations instead of circular vibrators. The purpose of the article is to consider a method for designing vibrational devices with asymmetric oscillations, based on the method of expanding a given function of changing the value of the total driving force into a Fourier series, the terms of which are the values of the driving forces generated by each stage of a multi-stage vibration mechanism. The study is based on classical analytical and numerical methods. The results obtained allows to use the methodology for evaluating the design method of a vibration device with asymmetric vibrations at the design stage and to evaluate the effectiveness of the designed vibration device.
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Neonatal Renal Vein Thrombosis in Ontario: Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Ouellette Allison C. , Darling Elizabeth K. , Sivapathasundaram Branavan , Babe Glenda , Perez Richard , Chan Anthony K.C. , Chanchlani Rahul
Published: May 2020

Background

There are limited data at a population level on the burden, risk factors, and long-term outcomes of neonatal renal vein thrombosis (nRVT). We conducted a population-based cohort study to understand the epidemiology and outcomes of nRVT over a 25-year period in Ontario.

Methods

Using linked administrative health databases, all hospitalized neonates ≤28 days born in Ontario between 1992 and 2016 with nRVT were identified. The primary outcome was to calculate the incidence of nRVT and trend over time in Ontario. We also determined the risk factors associated with nRVT as well as the risk of long-term outcomes after nRVT, including CKD, ESKD, all-cause mortality, and hypertension (HTN) compared with the healthy neonatal population without nRVT.

Results

The annual incidence rate of nRVT was 2.6 per 100,000 live births (n=85). Presence of respiratory distress syndrome (OR, 8.01; 95% CI, 4.90 to 13.1), congenital heart disease (OR, 9.1; 95% CI, 5.05 to 16.4), central venous catheterization (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.89 to 7.93), maternal preeclampsia (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.6 to 4.79), and maternal diabetes (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.36 to 4.07) conferred the highest risk for nRVT. Over a median follow-up of 15 years and after adjusting for confounders, neonates with nRVT versus the comparator cohort had a 15.5-fold risk of CKD, HTN, or death (n=49 [58%] versus n=90,050 [3%]; 95% CI, 11.7 to 20.6); 12.3-fold increased risk of CKD or death (n=39 [46%] versus n=32,016 [1%]; 95% CI, 8.9 to 16.8); and a 15.7-fold increased risk of HTN (n=33 [39%] versus n=64,458 [2%]; 95% CI, 11.1 to 21.1). None of the nRVT cohort developed ESKD. The median time to composite outcome of CKD, HTN, or death was 11.1 years.

Conclusions

Patients with a history of nRVT remain at higher risk than the general population for long-term morbidity or mortality, indicating the need for long-term follow-up.
Dîvân Şiirinde Ağaç: Ağaçlara Dair Söz Varlığı ve Tasrif Usulleri
Authors:   Serbest Tercüman, Yücel Doğan , Özuygun Ali Rıza ,   International Burch University,
Published: May 2020

Dîvân şiiri, bilinenin aksine sadece bir hayaller dünyası değildir. İlimden sanata, siyasetten gündelik hayata kadar birçokkonu, temel disiplinler hemen hemen aynı kalarak bu edebi tarzda yer bulur. Dîvân şiirinde en fazla yer edinen konulardan biri de tabiattır. Ovalar, dağlar, çiçekler, ağaçlar vb. tabiat unsurları bolca kullanılmıştır. Kullanımlar; bazen hakiki manasıyla, bazen teşbihler bazen de mazmunlar şeklinde olmuştur. Ağaçlarla ilgili Dîvân şiirindeki bu kullanımlar değişik çalışmalarla ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmamızın konusu ise parçaları bir araya toplayıp konuya bütüncül bir bakış ortaya koymaktır. Reel kullanımlar, teşbihli kullanımlar, mevsimlerde ağaçlar, ağaçlarla ilgili ameliyeler, ağaçlarla ilgili mazmunlar, Atasözü ve Deyimlerde ağaçlar, Ağaç kelimesinin Dîvân ve mesnevilerdeki kullanım sıklığının meyveler ve tarım ürünleriyle mukayesesi bu çalışmanın kapsamınıteşkil etmektedir. Dîvân şiirinin temel malzemelerinden olan tabiatın parçalarından biri olan ağaçların bu çalışmayla kullanım yoğunluğu ve çeşitliliğine bir çerçeve çizmeye çalıştık. Çalışmamız sonucunda Dîvân şiirinde; hangi ağaçların lafzen daha fazla şiirlere alındığı, ağaçların hangi yönlerinin öne çıktığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
A Study on Proverbs and Idioms in Kirkuk Turcomen Hoyrat Chants in Terms of Their Subjects
Authors:   Tishk International University, YILMAZ Fatih
Published: May 2020

This study aims toexamine the Hoyrat Chants of Kirkuk, which are the product of oral literature and to showthe richness of proverbs and idioms.While making references to Hoyrat chants that are among the products of oral culture, it is vitally important to make mention of Hoyratchants that are one of the living examples of this culture and recited by Kirkuk Turcomen.Throughout the study, the subject of hoyratchants wasmentioned through proverbs and idioms, and how these values are rich in terms of their use in Kirkuk hoyratchantswas attempted to be shown through examples.Kirkuk Turcomencontinuesthe national traditions that they inherited from historythrough hoyratchantsthat are products of oral literature and leave them as a legacy to the next generations. This oral cultural heritage, whose hoyratchantsare used in every sphere of lifeand where every valueof life finds itself, teachesmany values to future generations as well as contributes to the education of the new generation.It is thought as a result of this study that the necessary importancewould be given to hoyrat chants and a contributionwould be made for their transfer to the next generations.It should not be forgotten that the significance of hoyrat chants need not be ignored interms of conveying the rich cultural heritage belonging to Turks through hoyrat chantsand that the treasures of the past lie in theconstruction of the future.
Cytocompatibility and Dielectric Properties of Sr2+ Substituted Nano-Hydroxyapatite for Triggered Drug Release
Authors: Sundarabharathi Lakshmanaperumal , Chinnaswamy Mahendran , Parangusan Hemalatha , Ponnamma Deepalekshmi , Ali Al-Maadeed Mariam Al
Published: May 2020

Hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH) is a well-known bioceramics material used in medical applications because of its ability to form direct chemical bonds with living tissues. In this context, we investigate the biocompatibility and dielectric properties of Sr2+-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method. The influence of strontium on the crystal structure, functional group, morphological, electrical properties, and biocompatibility of as-synthesized nano-hydroxyapatite samples was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Dielectrical properties of the bioactive Sr-HA sample were investigated by a dielectric impedance spectroscopy method. The observed results illustrate the incorporation of Sr2+ ions in the apatite lattice could influence the pure HA properties, by reducing the crystallite size and crystallinity quite consistent with the morphology variation. The ac conductivity (σac) increased with an increasing applied frequency confirmed that prepared HA sample exhibited the universal power law nature. Further, the in vitro drug loading and release studies using doxycycline as a model drug demonstrate that the Sr2+ -HA nanoparticles show high drug adsorption capacity and sustained drug release. Thus, the improved bioceramics system could be a promising candidate for future biomedical applications.
Cold spraying: A low temperature variant of thermal spray techniques to deposit metallic materials
Authors: S Kumar , M Chavan Naveen , D Srinivasa Rao
Published: May 2020

Cold spraying is a novel material deposition process in which micron size particles are accelerated to supersonic velocity on to a metallic substrate to obtain thick and dense coatings. Unlike other thermal spray coatings, the bonding mechanism is completely different. In conventional thermal spray techniques, melting and solidification upon impact dominates the bonding mechanism. In cold spraying, Plastic deformation induced adiabatic shear instability governs the bonding process in which adiabatic temperature rise, plastic strain at interface and flow stress collapse play a crucial role. Variety of material including pure metals, alloys, composites and cermets have been deposited using cold spraying for variety of applications. In this article, a brief introduction about the bonding mechanism and potential applications of cold spraying is being discussed.
Phase Transition of La0.62Sr0.38MnO3 Perovskite Manganites
Authors: K Sakthipandi , M Selvam
Published: May 2020

Bulk and nano La0.62Sr0.38MnO3 perovskite manganite samples were prepared using solid state and sonochemical reaction respectively. The ultrasonic velocities measurement was made on prepared samples using ultrasonic through transmission method, at a fundamental frequency of 5 MHz over wide range of temperatures. The temperature dependence of the ultrasonic parameters shows an interesting anomaly in bulk and nano perovskite samples. The observed dramatic softening and hardening in sound velocities are related to phase transitions. Further, a decrease in grain size in the nanostructured sample leads to a shift in the ferromagnetic transition temperature (TC) from 375 to 370 K.
Charge density studies of energetic material: RDX
Authors: A David Stephen , S.N Asthana , Rajesh. B. Pawar  , P Kumuradhas
Published: May 2020

Experimental charge density study has been carried out for Cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine (space group Pbca), an explosive material from a low temperature X-ray diffraction experiment. The electron density was modeled using the Hansen-Coppens multipole model and refined to R=0.032 for 6226 unique observed reflections. The electron density, laplacian and electrostatic potential distributions are reported and discussed, especially, the properties of the bond (3,-1) critical points, which are thought to play a key role in the decomposition of the molecule. From the bond topological analysis of all the bonds, it is observed that the N–N bond is the weakest. The dominating nature of the oxygen atoms was clearly well understood from isosurface electrostatic potential of isolated and symmetrically sitting molecules in the crystal.
Differential Depletion Charge Density of the Approximation of Schottky Diodes as Ohmic Annealed a Variety of Temperatures
Authors: KORKUT Abdulkadir
Published: May 2020

This study aimed to investigate the differential depletion charge density for (Ag, Cu, Ni) /n-Si/Al Schottky diodes which depend on ohmic contact temperatures. Ohmic contact temperature defines the Schottky diode parameters. Furthermore, ohmic temperature is concerned with diode quality. In general, depletion charge density is determined as depending on built-in potential. The differential depletion charge density is smaller than zero-voltage depletion charge density (V = 0, Vbi ≠ 0) in the case of forward bias and higher than the zero-voltage depletion charge density for reverse bias. When the depletion charge density formula was expanded into a series, new equations revealed appreciable results. Boundary-values were found for differ-ential depletion charge density using normal and expanded formulae.