bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Igualdade e a diferença: o diálogo como princípio epistemológico na construção de uma educação intercultural
Authors: Scolari Adriel Paulo , Piaia Consuelo
Published: June 2022

A dualidade de sentidos e significados entre a diferença e igualdade, os desdobramentos e contradições geradas a partir dessa tensão que se reflete na vida cotidiana dos sujeitos sociais e suas subjetividades é o tema central deste texto. Parte-se da compreensão que a diferença traduzida pelas diversidades culturais, étnicas e de gênero encontradas em nossa sociedade ao longo dos tempos, se tornou critério de exclusão e inferioridade. Da mesma forma, a temática inclusão, tem se tornado um assunto recorrente nas mais diversas áreas da educação nacional e internacional, fonte de pesquisa e construção de saberes e atitudes. A padronização cultural semeia a diferença como inferioridade e exclusão, e a igualdade como normatização e normalização. Refletir e discutir esse tema implica no reconhecimento que a atribuição de valores e, portanto de classificação dos sujeitos pautados nos critérios de igualdade e diferença, faz parte da construção cultural fruto de processos históricos edificados nas relações de poder presentes no convívio social. A contemporaneidade aponta possibilidades de efetivação da igualdade e da diferença não traduzida na dualidade calcada na oposição de sentidos e representações, mas carregados de sentidos que se complementam e sustentam novas compreensões, atitudes e olhares perpassados por uma educação intercultural. A escola enquanto espaço de formação ontológica pode ser um desses espaços de desenvolvimento da humanidade e da construção de olhares múltiplos sobre e com o contexto complexo apresentado.
Diários reflexivos: um instrumento relevante no processo de transformação e desenvolvimento profissional do docente
Authors: Andrade Flávia Luciana Campos Dutra , Almeida Patrícia Vasconcelos
Published: June 2022

No cotidiano da vida escolar, o docente enfrenta diversos problemas que transcendem o planejado, por isso é necessário formar profissionais conscientes de sua prática, críticos e reflexivos em prol de uma educação emancipadora. Sendo assim, este artigo tem como objetivo discutir sobre a relevância da prática reflexiva na formação docente e como os diários reflexivos podem contribuir para esse processo reflexivo, além de nortear o leitor na produção destes diários. Para a realização deste trabalho, foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o que os autores discutem a respeito dessa prática reflexiva e como ela poderá ser concretizada por meio do diário. Esse instrumento mostra-se relevante para o processo de formação de professores numa perspectiva crítico-reflexiva.
Aspectos da hierarquia de pessoa no Asurini do Xingu
Authors: Pereira Antônia Alves
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho mostra como se dá a concordância de pessoa em sentenças independentes ativas na língua Asurini do Xingu, membro da família Tupi-Guarani, dando ênfase à hierarquia de pessoa na língua. Esse tipo de hierarquia consiste no fato de uma ou mais de uma apessoa(s) agir sobre outra(s): 1>2>3, quando opera essa hirarquia no Asurini do Xingu, surge uma morfologia comum entre posse e transitividade, pois os verbos transitivos têm seus argumentos codificados pelos mesmos elementos pronominais dos nomes possuídos, isto é, o argumento verbal é expresso por pronomes pessoais na função clítica e recebe o relacional R-, morfologia típica dos nomes possuídos na língua.
A hora da roda como atividade facilitadora do desenvolvimento do juízo moral de crianças da Educação Infantil
Authors: Lepre Rita Melissa , De Oliveira Bianca
Published: June 2022

A pesquisa que apresentamos teve como objetivo central estudar a hora da roda como uma atividade permanente capaz de desenvolver o juízo moral das crianças, quando realizada de forma planejada, com objetivos claros e intervenções refletidas por parte do professor. Por meio de observação, entrevistas e discussão de dilemas morais, foi possível comprovar que no decorrer da hora da roda surge uma variedade de temas morais a partir dos conflitos existentes, durante ou anteriores a roda, e que é possível abordá-los não só por meio dos episódios reais, mas também mediante situações hipotéticas a partir da leitura ou contação de histórias e/ou dilemas que contemplem temas morais. Apesar de se detectar essas possibilidades, a investigação demonstrou que esse espaço não é aproveitado na sua potencialidade. O estudo em questão corrobora com a ideia de que o desenvolvimento moral pode, e deve, ser trabalhado junto às crianças desde a Educação Infantil.
Exauribilidade temática, ordenação e sequenciação de perguntas de leitura em anúncio publicitário
Authors: Fuza Ângela Francine , Striquer Marilúcia dos Santos Domingos , Ohuschi Márcia Cristina Greco
Published: June 2022

O trabalho com as multissemioses e os mecanismos de persuasão do gênero discursivo anúncio publicitário é necessário no âmbito escolar, conforme a Base Nacional Comum Curricular, a fim de que o aluno possa participar da vida em sociedade em todos os campos que a constitui. Este artigo objetiva apresentar uma proposta teórico-metodológica de ordenação e sequenciação de perguntas de leitura para este gênero, destinada ao segundo ano do Ensino Médio, a estabelecer um diálogo entre as perguntas de leitura e o conceito de exauribilidade temática, discutido pelo Círculo de Bakhtin. A metodologia de ordenação e sequenciação divide as perguntas de leitura em pergunta de resposta textual, inferencial e interpretativa, ou seja, alicerça-se sobre uma ordem crescente de dificuldade, em vistas de levar o leitor à progressiva reflexão sobre o texto e sobre o tema. Os resultados demonstram que, por meio da referida metodologia, é possível um trabalho que leve o aluno a exaurir de forma relativa o tema que constitui um texto, expandindo as ideias sobre o tema, construindo contrapalavra. Ao mesmo tempo, evidencia-se um trabalho que leve o aluno a conhecer e considerar as multissemioses que formam o anúncio publicitário, na ligação inseparável para a construção dos sentidos das multilinguagens.
Uma análise das aulas de matemática para alunos surdos inclusos em uma turma do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Nogueira Clélia Maria Ignatius , Borges Fábio Alexandre
Published: June 2022

O ideal amplamente divulgado da Inclusão Educacional é discutido neste trabalho, no contexto de ensino de Matemática para surdos em uma escola inclusiva. Para isso, realizamos a observação de 15 (quinze) encontros de duas aulas geminadas (cada encontro) de Matemática em uma turma de 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental, em uma escola pública do Estado do Paraná, buscando elencar as características dessa inclusão educacional. As observações foram registradas em Notas de Campo que foram analisadas com o duplo objetivo de identificar se o cotidiano escolar é significativamente alterado pela presença de duas alunas surdas e de uma Intérprete de Língua de Sinais em sala de aula, bem como se esta situação de diferença linguística permite às alunas vivenciar situações escolares inclusivas. Foram identificadas questões importantes que se opõem a uma verdadeira inclusão de alunos surdos, como: troca/incompreensão dos papéis entre o Intérprete de Língua de Sinais e o professor de Matemática, influência das ideias do Intérprete no ensino do professor e no aprendizado dos alunos surdos, dificuldades de comunicação entre surdos e demais sujeitos ouvintes, aprendizado insatisfatório em Matemática dos alunos surdos observados.
O caminho percorrido: história, memória e seus percalços
Authors: Leandro Zilda Ferreira
Published: June 2022

Este texto busca resgatar algumas memórias do período de três anos como coordenadora do NUPEM, o contexto institucional que se delineava naquela época, as dificuldades e as soluções encontradas para superar tais obstáculos. Assim como, descrever o funcionamento do citado núcleo de pesquisa, as edições dos eventos e as formas de participação de estudantes e professores.
A atividade de pesquisa e a promoção da liberdade humana e do conhecimento
Authors: Da Rocha Elisangela Aparecida
Published: June 2022

O presente texto expõe um relato de minha experiência com a pesquisa. O modo como esta passou a fazer parte de minha formação profissional, intelectual e humana. Assim como a experiência de coordenação do Núcleo de Pesquisa Multidisciplinar (NUPEM) da FECILCAM no ano de 2006 até o início de 2007.
Prof. Nildo Ouriques: Ciência, tecnologia e revolução brasileira em discussão
Authors: Aleixo Antonio Carlos , Mezzomo Frank Antônio
Published: June 2022

Entrevista com Prof. Nildo Ouriques
A dinâmica locacional das atividades econômicas do estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Santos Vanessa Cristina dos , Rezende Luiz Paulo Fontes de
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo analisa a dinâmica espacial das atividades produtivas no estado de Minas Gerais, por meio da teoria da renda fundiária urbana. O método de análise consistiu em duas etapas. Na primeira, calculou-se a participação relativa de cada uma das 66 microrregiões, na renda e na população estadual. Esse indicador serviu como proxy para determinar as economias de aglomeração (concentração espacial). Na segunda etapa, identificou-se o nível de especialização de cada microrregião, segundo os gêneros das atividades econômicas por meio do quociente locacional. Como resultado, verificou-se que as atividades dinâmicas com quocientes locacionais maiores que uma unidade estão localizadas nas microrregiões de alta renda ou próximas ao estado de São Paulo.
Da dispensa judicial do requisito de pré-constituição para o ingresso de ações coletivas ambientais por associações
Authors: Fazolli Silvio Alexandre , Gonçalves Christian Reny
Published: June 2022

Em sede processual, devem as associações possuir a chamada representatividade adequada, consistente em nosso ordenamento no preenchimento dos requisitos legais. Dentre esses, um pode ser dispensado pelo magistrado no caso concreto, a pré-constituição de um ano, levando-se em conta outros pressupostos, tais como o manifesto interesse social evidenciado pela dimensão ou característica do dano, ou pela relevância do bem jurídico. Porém, por se tratar de conceitos vagos, restou à jurisprudência posicionar-se sobre seu conteúdo. Assim, presta-se o presente trabalho a indicar as definições e limites desses conceitos através da análise de decisões judiciais, bem como a apontar outras soluções para pacificar o tema, por meio de sugestões legislativas e doutrinárias.
Presença das religiões nas eleições proporcionais de Campo Mourão em 2008
Authors: Bonini Lara , Mezzomo Frank Antônio
Published: June 2022

Presença das religiões nas eleições proporcionais de Campo Mourão em 2008
A história do município de Peabiru a partir de suas instituições escolares: apontamentos
Authors: Oliveira Michelli Alvares , Machry Carine Letícia , Poeschke Luiza Cristina
Published: June 2022

A história do município de Peabiru a partir de suas instituições escolares: apontamentos
Vera Lúcia Lopes Cristovão: o interacionismo sociodiscursivo em discussão
Authors: Da Silva Alessandra Augusta Pereira , Tognato Maria Izabel Rodrigues
Published: June 2022

Entrevista com Vera Lúcia Lopes Cristovão
Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência (SBPC): um discurso pautando os desafios da Ciência no Brasil
Authors: Mezzomo Frank Antônio
Published: June 2022

Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência (SBPC): um discurso pautando os desafios da Ciência no Brasil
A “muralha viva” da tragédia grega: o coro e as suas sutilezas
Authors: Scheidt Déborah
Published: June 2022

O coro na tragédia grega consistia, de maneira geral, de um número de cantores e dançarinos que fazia sua entrada no palco logo após o prólogo da peça, lá permanecendo até o final do espetáculo, com o propósito de cantar as odes que separavam as partes da tragédia. Um estudo mais aprofundado desse expediente trágico, no entanto, nos revela um organismo vivo, dinâmico e complexo, cujas funções em muito ultrapassam esse aspecto meramente técnico. Neste artigo revisamos o modus operandi e as funções do coro na tragédia grega, fazendo uso de excertos de textos trágicos para esclarecer esses aspectos. Concluímos que os papeis do coro são variados e sutis, seja ampliando o apelo sensorial da peça com ritmo, música e dança, comentando a trama, facilitando a compreensão, encorajando a catarse, perpetuando a moral e as tradições ou até mesmo funcionando como elemento metarreferente ou mediador entre o público e os atores, entre outras de suas funções.
O tutor e o ensino/aprendizagem da geometria no curso de pedagogia a distância da Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Authors: D'Antonio Solange Cristina , Pavanello Regina Maria
Published: June 2022

A rápida evolução tecnológica e a presença dessas novas tecnologias digitais no campo educacional têm gerado um aumento significativo de cursos à distância em nosso país que deve provocar mudanças nos modos de aprender e ensinar e, portanto, trazer reflexos significativos para escola básica. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma pesquisa realizada na cidade de Sarandi – PR em curso de Pedagogia à distância ofertado pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá – UEM. Nosso objetivo é o de verificar de que forma os conceitos matemáticos – especificamente aqueles que envolvem o conteúdo estruturante “geometria” – são contemplados no decorrer dos atendimentos presenciais deste curso realizados no pólo de Sarandi, bem como analisar se as interações discursivas estabelecidas entre tutores e alunos do curso referido propiciam ou não reais condições de aprendizagem aos graduandos.
Hilda Hilst e a resistência
Authors: Duarte Edson Costa
Published: June 2022

Entendendo resistência como o eterno retorno do tempo, a poética da resistência é aquela que não se opõe ao antigo, mas que traz em si todos os tempos, e, portanto, os problemas intemporais do ser humano. Uma poética da resistência é aquela que se realiza pelo enfoque sempre renovado da palavra e da forma de contar. Uma poética da resistência é aquela que funda, inaugura. A partir desta idéia, produzimos um ensaio que analisa o conto “Rútilo Nada” (1992), de Hilda Hilst, procurando entendê-lo num fazer literário que persistirá além da contingência de seu tempo.
História de negros no baixo amazonas: Bom Jardim, estudo de caso de uma comunidade quilombola em busca da sua identidade (1996-2006)
Authors: Figueira Cláudia Laurido
Published: June 2022

O propósito do estudo foi analisar a trajetória de lideranças de Bom Jardim, comunidade negra que na década de 1990 se auto-identificou quilombola. Através da história oral foram entrevistados lideranças e moradores antigos. As entrevistas seguiram um roteiro aberto considerando três eixos: histórias contadas pelos antigos, gênese do movimento quilombola e o significado de quilombo e quilombola. Tendo em vista os discursos dos entrevistados foram discutidos os conceitos de memória, identidade, poder e quilombo.
África: um continente com muitas faces
Authors: Costa Fabio Antonio
Published: June 2022

MUNANGA, Kabengele. Origens Africanas do Brasil Contemporâneo: Histórias, Línguas, Culturas e Civilizações. São Paulo: Global, 2009.
The Emerald Tutu: Floating Vegetated Canopies for Coastal Wave Attenuation
Authors: Hopkins Julia , Lutsko Nicholas , Cira Gabriel , Wise Louiza , Tegeler Jena
Published: June 2022

Nature-based solutions (NBS) have been broadly defined in coastal resilience as the restoration of natural environments or as civil infrastructure with natural elements, with examples ranging from marsh restoration and new oyster beds to artificial reefs and living shorelines. The multiplicity of NBS types makes it difficult to quantify and model their effectiveness as a whole in coastal flood reduction and environmental co-benefits. Specific types of NBS operate under a variety of physical and ecological regimes: oyster beds care about the benthic environment and can be modeled as bed roughness elements, while living shorelines are a combination of emergent/submerged vegetation elements located in the dynamic swash zone. As such, NBS cannot be investigated as a monolith and their evaluation will be intervention-specific. Here, we present the evaluation of an engineered NBS called the Emerald Tutu, a series of interlinked vegetated mats which leverage known physical and ecological properties of marsh environments and combine them in networked formats for rapid deployment around shoreline environments. The Tutu takes inspiration from marsh canopies, but aims to transport the physical protection of these canopies to urban areas using the wave attenuation properties of floating vegetation elements and network effects. Prototype Tutu units were deployed in the OH Hinsdale Wave Lab at Oregon State University in summer 2021 to test the physical efficacy of the mat networks. The results show the effect of network arrangement, mat canopy size, and Tutu unit density on wave attenuation. We show how these results can be used to design the Tutu for a variety of coastal environments, and discuss the impact of submerged vegetation dynamics on Tutu effectiveness and what research gaps remain for the implementation of these kinds of engineered NBS.
The Roles of Drug Metabolism-Related ADH1B in Immune Regulation and Therapeutic Response of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Xu Zhijie , Peng Bi , Kang Fanhua , Zhang Wenqin , Xiao Muzhang , Li Jianbo , Hong Qianhui , Cai Yuan , Liu Wei , Yan Yuanliang , Peng Jinwu
Published: June 2022

Background: The different pharmacological effects of drugs in different people can be explained by the polymorphisms of drug metabolism-related genes. Emerging studies have realized the importance of drug metabolism-related genes in the treatment and prognosis of cancers, including ovarian cancer (OV). In this study, using comprehensive bioinformatics and western blot, we identified that the drug metabolism-related gene, ADH1B, was significantly down-regulated in OV cells and tissues. The patients with a high level of ADH1B presented a good prognosis. We also found a negative correlation between ADH1B expression and the activity of chemotherapeutic agents, such as cyclophosphamide. In addition, positive correlations were observed between ADH1B expression and multiple immune checkpoints, including LAG3 and HAVCR2. The immune infiltration analysis further indicated that aberrantly expressed ADH1B might have important roles in regulating the infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils in OV tissues. Then, the co-expression analysis was conducted and the top three enriched KEGG pathways were spliceosome, RNA transport, and DNA replication. In conclusion, the drug metabolism-related gene ADH1B and its interactive network play an essential role in the immune regulation and therapeutic response and maybe identified as promising therapeutic targets for OV patients.
Pathogenicity and Growth Conditions Modulate Fonsecaea Extracellular Vesicles’ Ability to Interact With Macrophages
Authors: Las-Casas Lucas de Oliveira , Marina Clara Luna Freitas , de Castro Raffael Júnio Araújo , Coelho Luísa Coutinho , Báo Sônia Nair , de Hoog G. Sybren , Vicente Vânia Aparecida , Fernandes Larissa , Bocca Anamelia Lorenzetti
Published: June 2022

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic cutaneous and subcutaneous mycosis caused by black, dimorphic, and filamentous fungi of the Herpothrichiellaceae family, such as species of the genus Fonsecaea. These fungi can switch between the saprophytic forms (conidia and hyphae) and the pathogenic form, the muriform cells (MCs), which is considered an essential mechanism for fungal virulence. Nearly all types of cells can produce membranous structures formed by a lipid bilayer that communicate extracellularly with other cells, known as “extracellular vesicles” (EVs), which may act as virulence factors, as observed for several species of pathogenic fungi. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that F. pedrosoi, F. nubica, and F. erecta produce EVs in response to nutritional conditions. The EVs varied in sterol and protein contents, size, and morphology. Moreover, the EVs induced different cytokine and nitric oxide release patterns by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). The EVs activated IL-1β production, possibly acting as the first signal in inflammasome activation. Unlike the pathogenic species, the EVs isolated from F. erecta did not significantly stimulate TNF and IL-10 production in general. Overall, these results demonstrated that different species of Fonsecaea produce EVs capable of modulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production by BMDMs and that growth conditions affected the immunomodulatory capacities of the EVs as well as their size, content, and morphology.
Simultaneous Detection of Pathogens and Tumors in Patients With Suspected Infections by Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Su Jiachun , Han Xu , Xu Xiaogang , Ding Wenchao , Li Ming , Wang Weiqin , Tian Mi , Chen Xiyuan , Xu Binbin , Chen Zhongqing , Yuan Jinyi , Qin Xiaohua , Lin Dongfang , Wang Ruilan , Gong Ye , Pan Liping , Wang Jun , Wang Minggui
Published: June 2022

Background

Differential diagnosis of patients with suspected infections is particularly difficult, but necessary for prompt diagnosis and rational use of antibiotics. A substantial proportion of these patients have non-infectious diseases that include malignant tumors. This study aimed to explore the clinical value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for tumor detection in patients with suspected infections.

Methods

A multicenter, prospective case study involving patients diagnosed with suspected infections was conducted in four hospitals in Shanghai, China between July 2019 and January 2020. Based upon mNGS technologies and chromosomal copy number variation (CNV) analysis on abundant human genome, a new procedure named Onco-mNGS was established to simultaneously detect pathogens and malignant tumors in all of the collected samples from patients.

Results

Of 140 patients screened by Onco-mNGS testing, 115 patients were diagnosed with infections; 17 had obvious abnormal CNV signals indicating malignant tumors that were confirmed clinically. The positive percent agreement and negative percent agreement of mNGS testing compared to clinical diagnosis was 53.0% (61/115) and 60% (15/25), vs. 20.9% (24/115) and 96.0% (24/25), respectively, for conventional microbiological testing (both P <0.01). Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.8%, 9/61) was the most common pathogen detected by mNGS, followed by Escherichia coli (11.5%, 7/61) and viruses (11.5%, 7/61). The chromosomal abnormalities of the 17 cases included genome-wide variations and local variations of a certain chromosome. Five of 17 patients had a final confirmed with malignant tumors, including three lung adenocarcinomas and two hematological tumors; one patient was highly suspected to have lymphoma; and 11 patients had a prior history of malignant tumor.

Conclusion

This preliminary study demonstrates the feasibility and clinical value of using Onco-mNGS to simultaneously search for potential pathogens and malignant tumors in patients with suspected infections.
Adapt or Die: Targeting Unique Transmission-Stage Biology for Malaria Elimination
Authors: van der Watt Mariëtte E. , Reader Janette , Birkholtz Lyn-Marié
Published: June 2022

Plasmodium parasites have a complex life cycle that includes development in the human host as well as the Anopheles vector. Successful transmission of the parasite between its host and vector therefore requires the parasite to balance its investments in asexual replication and sexual reproduction, varying the frequency of sexual commitment to persist within the human host and generate future opportunities for transmission. The transmission window is extended further by the ability of stage V gametocytes to circulate in peripheral blood for weeks, whereas immature stage I to IV gametocytes sequester in the bone marrow and spleen until final maturation. Due to the low gametocyte numbers in blood circulation and with the ease of targeting such life cycle bottlenecks, transmission represents an efficient target for therapeutic intervention. The biological process of Plasmodium transmission is a multistage, multifaceted process and the past decade has seen a much deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulators involved. Clearly, specific and divergent processes are used during transmission compared to asexual proliferation, which both poses challenges but also opportunities for discovery of transmission-blocking antimalarials. This review therefore presents an update of our molecular understanding of gametocyte and gamete biology as well as the status of transmission-blocking activities of current antimalarials and lead development compounds. By defining the biological components associated with transmission, considerations for the development of new transmission-blocking drugs to target such untapped but unique biology is suggested as an important, main driver for transmission-blocking drug discovery.
Sex-Specific Associations of Anxiety With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Transmural Dispersion of Repolarization in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Zhu Ling , Cui Qianwei , Zhang Yong , Liu Fuqiang , Zhao Jingsha , Wang Junkui
Published: June 2022

Background

The previous studies have shown that individuals with hypertension and anxiety have a higher mean left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and QTc dispersion. We explored the associations between anxiety and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and between anxiety and transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) (as detected by T peak-T end interval/QT interval, Tp–Te/QT ratio) in patients with hypertension.

Methods

A total of 353 patients with uncomplicated hypertension from the Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital were enrolled between 2017 and 2021. Anxiety was defined as a Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) score ≥ 14. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between HAM-A and LVH. The association between HAM-A score and Tp–Te/QT was estimated using linear regression.

Results

Participants were divided into two groups based on the presence of anxiety. LVMI was significantly higher in patients with hypertension and anxiety than in those with hypertension without anxiety (no anxiety: 84.36 ± 23.82, anxiety: 105.75 ± 25.45 g/m2, p < 0.001). HAM-A score was positively correlated with LVMI (r = 0.578, p < 0.001) and with Tp–Te/QT (r = 0.252, p < 0.001). Logistic regression models showed that patients with hypertension and anxiety were at higher risk of LVH than were patients with hypertension without anxiety (adjusted OR, 2.44, 95% CI, 1.35–4.43, p = 0.003). The linear regression analysis showed that the HAM-A score was associated with Tp–Te/QT ratio (adjusted β, 0.001, 95% CI, 0.001–0.002, p = 0.013). There was an interaction between sex and anxiety for LVH risk (p for interaction = 0.035) and for increased Tp–Te/QT (p for interaction = 0.014). After stratification by sex, anxiety was associated with increased risk for LVH in men with hypertension (adjusted OR, 5.56, 95% CI, 2.07–14.98, p = 0.001), but not in women (adjusted: OR, 1.44, 95% CI, 0.64–3.26, p = 0.377) with hypertension. The HAM-A score was also positively associated with Tp–Te/QT ratio in male (adjusted β, 0.002, 95% CI, 0.001–0.003, p < 0.001), but not in women (adjusted β, 0.001, 95% CI, –0.0002–0.002, p = 0.165).

Conclusion

Our results indicated that anxiety was associated with LVH and with increased TDR in men with hypertension, but not in women with hypertension.
An Electrocardiographic Characterization of Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing-Induced Right Ventricular Activation Delay: A Comparison With Native Right Bundle Branch Block
Authors: Ozpak Emine , Demolder Anthony , Kizilkilic Sevda , Calle Simon , Timmermans Frank , De Pooter Jan
Published: June 2022

Background

Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) induces delayed RV activation and is thought to be harmless, since the electrocardiographic signature is reminiscent to native RBBB. However, to what extent the delayed RV activation during LBBAP truly resembles that of native RBBB remains unexplored.

Methods

This study included patients with incomplete RBBB (iRBBB), complete RBBB (cRBBB) and patients who underwent LBBAP. Global and right ventricular activation times were estimated by QRS duration and R wave peak time in lead V1 (V1RWPT) respectively. Delayed RV activation was further characterized by duration, amplitude and area of the terminal R wave in V1.

Results

In patients with LBBAP (n = 86), QRS duration [120 ms (116, 132)] was longer compared to iRBBB patients (n = 422): 104 ms (98, 110), p < 0.001, but shorter compared to cRBBB (n = 223): 138 ms (130, 152), p < 0.001. V1RWPT during LBBAP [84 ms (72, 92)] was longer compared to iRBBB [74 ms (68, 80), p < 0.001], but shorter than cRBBB [96 ms (86, 108), p < 0.001]. LBBAP resulted in V1 R′ durations [42 ms (28, 55)] comparable to iRBBB [42 ms (35, 49), p = 0.49] but shorter than in cRBBB [81 ms (68, 91), p < 0.001]. During LBBAP, the amplitude and area of the V1 R′ wave were more comparable with iRBBB than cRBBB. V1RWPT during LBBAP was determined by baseline conduction disease, but not by LBBAP capture type.

Conclusion

LBBAP-induced delayed RV activation electrocardiographically most closely mirrors the delayed RV activation as seen with incomplete rather than complete RBBB.
An Atypical Anomalous Aortic Origin of the Left Coronary Artery With Intra-Arterial Wall Course Pretending a Normal Migration on Imaging Screening: A Case Report
Authors: Hu Fan , Wang Xinyue , Wan Jiaojiao , Li Yifei , Wang Tao , Zhou Kaiyu , Shi Xiaoqing , Liu Zhongqiang , Fang Jie , Hua Yimin
Published: June 2022

Background

An anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA) has been considered as a dominant cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) among young age children. Therefore, it is critical to identify AAOCA timely to avoid lethal events. Recently, accumulating cases of right or left coronary arteries originating from inappropriate locations at the sinus of Valsalva have been identified. Here, we report a rare case of AAOCA with an intra-arterial wall course pretending normal migration on imaging screening in a patient who suffered from syncope.

Case summary

A 7-year-old male without a previous history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases suddenly suffered from sharp chest pain and syncope after intensive exercise. The electrocardiogram showed that the ST segment of multiple leads was depressed by more than 0.05 mV, and biomarkers indicated severe myocardial injuries. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decreased dramatically to 23%. Fulminant myocarditis and cardiomyopathy were therefore excluded. However, a relatively normal coronary artery origin, which arose from the left coronary sinus, presented on echocardiography and cardiac CT angiography (CTA). It is difficult to draw an association between severe clinical manifestations and slight malformations on echocardiography and CTA. Furthermore, selective coronary angiography revealed that an anomalous left coronary artery arose from the superior margin of the inappropriate sinus, developed an intramural wall course and finally exits the left sinus of Valsalva and migrated between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, which induced severe myocardial infarction during exercise. Then, the patient received surgical correction with a modified unroofing procedure. After 2 months of intensive treatment, the patient was discharged and remained asymptomatic through 18 months of follow-up.

Conclusion

AAOCA, especially anomalous left coronary artery (ALCA), represents a major potential risk of SCD. We reported an atypical manifestation of ALCA arising from the inappropriate sinus of Valsalva and merging into the intra-arterial wall to develop a strange course and then sprout between the aorta and the pulmonary artery. The diversity of AAOCA might present as a relatively normal course under non-invasive radiological imaging scanning.
Relationship Between Nb-Ta Enrichments and Highly-Fractionated Granitic Magma Evolution in South China: Geochronological, Zircon Hf Isotopic and Geochemical Evidence From Jianfengling Granite
Authors: Ze-Yi Chen , Yong-Jun Shao , Han-Tao Wei , Cheng Wang
Published: June 2022

The Jianfengling granite is an important ore-forming rock unit in the Xianghualing orefield in Nanling region (South China), and its magmatic evolution is vital to understand the regional niobium (Nb)-tantalum (Ta) mineralization. The Jianfengling granite comprises three gradual transitional lithofacies: porphyritic biotite monzogranite (mesophase facies), biotite monzogranite (transition facies) and topaz biotite monzogranite (central facies). All the three biotite monzogranite lithofacies are characterized by being rich in SiO2 and Al2O3, poor in TFe2O3, CaO, MgO, TiO2, MnO and P2O5, and are peraluminous high-K calc-alkaline. These rocks are remarkably enriched in Rb, Th, U, Nb and Ta, strongly depleted in Ba and Sr, and slightly depleted in Zr. The LREE/HREE decreases gradually from porphyritic biotite monzogranite, through biotite monzogranite to topaz biotite monzogranite, with increasing convex (“M-type”) lanthanide tetrad effect, which similar to the highly-fractionated granite. The high Th-U (Thavg. = 2051.56°ppm; Uavg. = 1,498.23°ppm, respectively) and low Th-U (Thavg. = 708.14°ppm; Uavg. = 441.57°ppm, respectively) zircon grains from porphyritic biotite monzogranite yielded weighted average 206Pb/238U ages of 161.3 ± 1.6 Ma (MSWD = 1.3, n = 13) and 158.7 ± 2.0 Ma (MSWD = 1.7, n = 13), respectively, consistent with the large-scale magmatic-mineralization event in the Nanling region (ca. 160–150 Ma). The εHf(t) values of the high Th-U (-6.48 to -2.51) and low Th-U (-6.58 to -1.12) zircon grains from the porphyritic biotite monzogranite indicate that the causative magma was formed from partial melting of the Mesoproterozoic Cathaysian basement rocks in a lithospheric extension setting. The Nb and Ta contents increase with fluorine from the porphyritic to topaz biotite monzogranite, indicating that the Nb-Ta enrichment may have caused by the gradual increase of fluxing content (fluorine) during the fractionation of the Jianfengling granitic magma.
Remote Education/Homeschooling During the COVID-19 Pandemic, School Attendance Problems, and School Return–Teachers’ Experiences and Reflections
Authors: Havik Trude , Ingul Jo Magne
Published: June 2022

According to Norway’s Educational Act (§2-1), all children and youths from age 6 to 16 have a right and an obligation to attend free and inclusive education, and most of them attend public schools. Attending school is important for students’ social and academic development and learning; however, some children do not attend school caused by a myriad of possible reasons. Interventions for students with school attendance problems (SAPs) must be individually adopted for each student based on a careful assessment of the difficulties and strengths of individuals and in the student’s environment. Homeschooling might be one intervention for students with SAPs; however, researchers and stakeholders do not agree that this is an optimal intervention. Schools that were closed from the middle of March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to investigate remote education more closely. An explorative study was conducted that analyzed 248 teachers’ in-depth perspectives on how to use and integrate experiences from the period of remote education for students with SAPs when schools reopen. Moreover, teachers’ perspectives on whether school return would be harder or easier for SAP students following remote education were investigated. The teachers’ experiences might be useful when planning school return for students who have been absent for prolonged periods.
A Novel Somatic Mutation of CACNA1H p.V1937M in Unilateral Primary Hyperaldosteronism
Authors: Tseng Chi-Shin , Peng Kang-Yung , Wang Shuo-Meng , Tsai Yao-Chou , Huang Kuo-How , Lin Wei-Chou , Hu Ya-Hui , Wu Vin-Cent , Chueh Jeff S.
Published: June 2022

Background

Somatic mutations for excess aldosterone production have been frequently identified as important roles in the pathogenesis of unilateral primary hyperaldosteronism (uPA). Although CACNA1H mutation represents a minor etiology in primary aldosteronism, it plays a significant role in causing uPAs in sporadic cases.

Objective

To identify novel somatic CACNA1H mutation in patients with uPA and investigate the pathophysiological, immunohistological, and clinical characteristics of the variant.

Methods

We applied a customized and targeted gene panel next-generation sequencing approach to detect mutations from the uPA cohort in Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Investigation study group. Information from pre-diagnostic to postoperative data was collected, including past history, medications, blood pressure readings, biochemical data, and image studies. The functional role of the variant was confirmed by in vitro studies, demonstrating aldosterone production in variant-transfected human adrenal cell lines.

Results

We identified a novel somatic CACNA1H mutation c.5809G>A (p.Val1937Met) in a uPA case. The CACNA1H gene encodes the pore-forming alpha-1H subunit of the voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel Cav3.2. This somatic CACNA1H p.V1937M variant showed excellent clinical and biochemical outcomes after ipsilateral adrenalectomy. The functional effect of somatic CACNA1H p.V1937M variant results in increased CYP11B2 expression and aldosterone biosynthesis in HAC15 cells. A distinct heterogeneous foamy pattern of CYP11B2 and CYP17A1 expression was identified in immunohistological staining, supporting the pathological evidence of aldosterone synthesis.

Conclusions

The somatic mutation of CACNA1H p.V1937M might be a pathogenic driver in aldosterone overproduction. This study provides new insight into the molecular mechanism and disease outcomes of uPA.
Neoadjuvant B-RAF and MEK Inhibitor Targeted Therapy for Adult Papillary Craniopharyngiomas: A New Treatment Paradigm
Authors: Calvanese Francesco , Jacquesson Timothée , Manet Romain , Vasiljevic Alexandre , Lasolle Hélène , Ducray Francois , Raverot Gerald , Jouanneau Emmanuel
Published: June 2022

Background

Surgical and clinical management of craniopharyngiomas is associated with high long-term morbidity especially in the case of hypothalamic involvement. Improvements in knowledge of craniopharyngioma molecular biology may offer the possibility of safe and effective medical neoadjuvant treatments in a subset of patients harboring papillary subtype tumors with a BRAFV600E mutation.

Method

We report herein two cases of tubero-infundibular and ventricular Papillary Craniopharyngiomas in which BRAF/MEK inhibitor combined therapy was used as adjuvant (Case 1) or neoadjuvant (Case 2) treatment, with a 90% reduction in tumor volume observed after only 5 months. In Case 2 the only surgical procedure used was a minimal invasive biopsy by the trans-ventricular neuroendoscopic approach. As a consequence, targeted therapy was administered in purely neoadjuvant fashion. After shrinkage of the tumor, both patients underwent fractionated radiotherapy on the small tumor remnant to achieve long-term tumor control. A review of a previously reported case has also been performed.

Result

This approach led to tumor control with minimal long-term morbidity in both cases. No side effects or complications were reported after medical treatment and adjuvant radiotherapy.

Conclusion

Our experience and a review of the literature argue for a change in the current treatment paradigm for Craniopharyngiomas (CPs). In giant and invasive tumors, confirmation of BRAFV600E mutated PCPs by biopsy and BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy before proposing other treatments may be useful to improve long term outcomes for patients.
The Positive Relationship Between the Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol/Apoprotein B Ratio and Bone Turnover Markers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Lu Chun-feng , Liu Wang-shu , Huang Hai-yan , Ge Xiao-qin , Hua Ling-yan , Wang Xue-qin , Su Jian-bin
Published: June 2022

Background

Dyslipidemia may contribute to low bone turnover in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) through mediating oxidative stress and atherosclerosis. The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/apoprotein B (LDL-C/Apo B) ratio is a surrogate marker of small and density low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sd-LDL-C), a most harmful group of LDL-Cs. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the LDL-C/Apo B ratio and bone turnover in patients with T2D.

Methods

This study was a cross-sectional study enrolled patients with T2D from January 2021 to December 2021. Each participant was assessed for lipid profiles, bone turnover markers (BTMs), lumbar spine (L1-L4) and hip dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Osteoporosis was diagnosed as a T-score lower than or equal to -2.5 at the spine or hip.

Results

A total of 335 patients with T2D were enrolled in the study, and the LDL-C/Apo B ratio ranged from 0.78 to 4.00. Along with the LDL-C/Apo B ratio tertile ascending, osteocalcin (OC), C-terminal telopeptide (CTx) and N-terminal propeptide of type-I procollagen (PINP) levels gradually increased (all p < 0.05). There were no differences in lumbar spine and hip T-score, proportion of osteoporosis (all p > 0.05) among the three subgroups. The LDL-C/Apo B ratio was positively correlated with lnOC (r = 0.244, p < 0.001), lnCTx (r = 0.226, p < 0.01) and lnPINP (r = 0.211, p < 0.001). These significant positive correlations persisted even when divided into male and female subgroups. Furthermore, three multiple linear regression analyses were constructed to investigate the independent association of the LDL-C/Apo B ratio with the BTMs levels. After adjusting for other clinical parameters, the LDL-C/Apo B ratio was still significantly associated with OC level (β = 0.199, t = 3.348, p < 0.01), CTx level (β = 0.238, t = 4.084, p < 0.001) and PINP level (β = 0.162, t = 2.741, p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The LDL-C/Apo B ratio was significantly and positively associated with BTMs in patients with T2D. In clinical practice, more attention should be paid to the patients with T2D whose LDL-C/Apo B ratio is relatively low for the purpose of maintaining bone health.
A Dissolved Gas Assessment Model for Power Transformers According to Weighted Association Rule Mining
Authors: Sun Chenhao , Zhou Zhuoyu , Zhang Yongxi , Jia Zhiwei , Huang Jingjie , Huang Chenyang
Published: June 2022

As one indispensable part of power systems, the reliable-operated power transformers are vital for energy transmission, whereas they are remarkably threatened by potential fault events. To achieve the satisfying and valid operation of power transformers, any fault events that may impact their health ought to be evaluated and early warned. With such motivations, this paper presents original insights on the assessment of power transmission health states via their internal dissolved gas, and an enhanced Association Rule Mining (ARM) model incorporating the analysis of High-Impact-Low-Probability (HILP) components, as well as a dynamic fault event risk evaluation approach, is proposed. The first step is to differentiate the risky components. Unlike the standard ARM, the rarely occurred components in each feature can also be assessed explicitly as the common components to explore the underlying HILP components in the proposed model, rather than just being viewed as trivial data and directly omitted. The second step is to rate the risk level of each risky component. A component importance measure-based evaluation approach is deployed to assess the corresponding risk weights of distinguished risky components. In this approach, the risk weight is determined straightforwardly via the impacts of each component on the variation level of total risks in the system, rather than simply by its frequency of occurrence or data share. Finally, the parameters of the risk weight evaluation approach can be dynamically adapted in an adjustment framework as well. This model is testified through an empirical case study, and the leading results can demonstrate its flexibility and robustness during real applications.
Bergmann’s Rule Holds in Birds Inhabiting Southern Guinea Forests but Not in the Northern Savanna of Nigeria
Authors: Barshep Yahkat , Awoyemi Adewale G. , Abalaka Jacinta , Ottosson Ulf
Published: June 2022

The Bergmann’s rule predicts that in endotherms, body sizes will differ with respect to thermal gradients. Larger bodied individuals will inhabit colder environments while in warmer environments, individuals will be smaller-bodied. This hypothesis has been proved and disproved many times due to inconsistencies in body size differences along latitudinal gradients. We tested this hypothesis in 30 Afrotropical resident bird species inhabiting two vegetation types at different latitudes (southern guinea forests and northern savanna) and at different altitudes in Nigeria, West Africa. Using principal component analyses of body mass and wing length, the first principal component, the component of size, indicated that individuals in montane areas were larger than lowland populations in southern guinea forests. However, in the northern guinea savanna, there was no significant difference in body sizes between lowland and montane populations. General linear models show that body size increases as temperature decreases. In species found in both southern guinea forests and northern savanna (i.e., African Thrush Turdus pelios and Snowy-crowned Robin Chat Cossypha niveicapilla), variations in body sizes were significantly dependent on sites. Our study indicates that other macro-scale factors such as vegetation and rainfall patterns might modulate conformity to Bergmann’s rule in Afrotropical environments.
Opportunity Costs of Forest Conservation in Nepal
Authors: Rai Rajesh K. , Nepal Mani , Karky Bhaskar S. , Timalsina Niroj , Khadayat Madan S. , Bhattarai Nabin
Published: June 2022

Forest biomass may vary by species composition, location, management regimes, and management interventions. To assess the variation in biomass production by management regimes, we conducted a study in three physiographic regions (mid-hills, Siwaliks and Terai) of Nepal with four different management regimes (community forest, collaborative forest, protected area, and protected forest). As community forest is the dominant forest management regime in Nepal, it was studied in all physiographic regions whereas the other two regimes were drawn only from the Terai. We interviewed a total of 1,115 forest user households, which was supplemented by high-resolution satellite image analysis and forest inventory to estimate the costs and benefits of forest management and calculate the opportunity cost of conserving forest. Our estimates suggest that the opportunity cost of conserving forest in Nepal ranged from USD 654/ha in collaborative forest to USD 3,663/ha in protected forest in 2015. The associated opportunity cost of carbon sequestration was between USD 1.11 and USD 3.56 per tCO2. Of the forest management practices adopted, the silviculture-based intensive forest management practice had a far lower cost of forest conservation compared to the other forest management regimes. We found that such a practice is more beneficial to the forest-dependent communities as it allows them to collect the non-timber forest products that are necessary for their daily needs.