bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does green banking affect banks’ profitability?
Authors: Al-Kubaisi Mohammed K. , Khalaf Bashar Abu
Published: November 2023

This paper empirically investigated the impact of green banking on the financial performance of Qatari banks. This paper collected the data for all banks in Qatar during the period 2012–2021. Specifically, the data collected included all 7 banks in Qatar and gathered data from the Refinitiv Eikon platform, the annual reports of the banks, and the relevant stock markets. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and panel regression have been applied but the fixed effect technique was interpreted because of the significance of the Hausman test. The dependent variable was the return on equity, the independent variables were size, loan loss provision, and two dummy variables as a proxy for green banking, which are: the availability of online banking and the availability of mobile applications. The results showed a positive relationship between the size and the return on equity and a negative relationship between the loan loss provision and the availability of mobile applications on the return on equity. The availability of online banking had an insignificant relationship with return on equity. This implies that larger Qatari banks tend to have larger profits and banks who estimate higher loan loss provisions are expected to have lower profitability. Surprisingly, the availability of mobile applications is found to affect profitability negatively if the cost of having the application is not covered by the noninterest charges.
The non-ideality in binary aqueous systems contributed to the different abilities of solvent entities incorporated in the solvation shell of methylene blue
Authors: Hemdan Sokaina , Alnajjar Radwan
Published: November 2023

The solvatochromic properties of methylene blue (MB) were investigated in neat water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, dioxane and their corresponding aqueous mixtures. The correlation of the empirical solvent polarity scale (ET) values of MB with solvent composition was analysed using the solvent exchange model of Bosch and Roses to explain the preferential solvation of the probe thiazine dye in the binary mixed solvents. Non-linear solvatochromism of MB was observed in aqueous mixtures of methanol, ethanol, propanol and dioxane. The influence of the composition of the solvating shell in preferential solvation of the solute dye was investigated in terms of both solvent?solvent and solute?solvent interactions, and the local mole fraction of each solvent composition in the cybotactic region of the probe was also calculated. Effective mole fraction variation can provide important physicochemical insights into the microscopic and molecular interactions between MB species and solvent components. The results showed that the MB solvation shell was thoroughly saturated with the solvent complex S12 for dioxane more than ethanol and propanol mixtures, and opposite trends for methanol mixtures, whereas the solvent complex S12 could not incorporate into the MB solvation shell. Data from the binary systems were analysed with KAT parameters using a dual model of basicity and polarity. The results showed that the polarity was better suited for spectral shift in aqueous methanol and ethanol solutions, while the basicity was better for aqueous propanol and dioxane solutions.
Collaboration of Primarius Dr. Svetozar Zivojnovic and academician architect Nikola Dobrovic in the development of medical infrastructure in Igalo
Authors: Raicevic Andrea , Stevanovic Vladimir , Vukotic-Lazar Marta , Tubic Dejan
Published: November 2023

Urban positioning, architectural conceptualization, and construction of health care facilities are parts of a complex process with a number of participants from fields of engineering, but also political and management structures on whose decisions the success of project implementation depends. In general, throughout history, the involvement of representatives of the medical profession in such endeavors has proven to be fruitful because in such a way they directly participate in the functional and formal design of their own work environment. In that sense, it can be stated that the collaboration of engineers, specifically architects, with medical doctors is all the more valuable for scientific research in the field of both the history of medicine and the history of architecture. This text deals with the implications of the collaboration between Primarius Dr. Svetozar Zivojnovic (1899?1981) and academician architect Nikola Dobrovic (1897?1967) on the design and construction of several health care facilities, as well as the planning of urban zones in Igalo during the sixth and seventh decade of the 20th century. The paper emphasizes their respective contributions, which are considered crucial for the socio-economic development that has turned Igalo into a modern international health center, and one of the main centers of health tourism in the Mediterranean region.
The influence of corrugated pipes parameters on heat transfer characteristics
Authors: Zhai Hongzhe , Gao Sasa , Zhang Wenjie , Song Yuan , Gong Xuepeng , Wang Dazhuang , Lu Qipeng
Published: November 2023

In order to investigate the influence mechanism of various corrugated structures on the heat transfer of continuous annular concave-convex corrugated pipes, this paper examines the influence of corrugation height (Ch = 1 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2 mm) and corrugation width (Cw = 1 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2 mm) on the flow pattern, turbulent kinetic energy, Nusselt number, friction coefficient, and performance evaluation factor. Then, the correlation equations for Nusselt number and friction coefficient are established with different corrugated structural parameters. The results show that with the increase of Ch, the vortex number, turbulent kinetic energy, and friction coefficient in the pipe increase while Nusselt number decreases. The maximum perfomance evaluation factor is 0.90 at Ch = 1 mm. However, with the increase of Cw, the vortex number and Nusselt number in the pipe increase, while turbulent kinetic energy and friction coefficient in the pipe do not change much. The maximum performance evaluation factor is 0.87 at Cw = 2 mm. Therefore, for this type of corrugated pipe, one should choose a small Ch and a large Cw.
Heat dissipation effects of different nanocoated lateral fins: An experimental investigation
Authors: Mani Premkumar , Radhakrishnan Santhanakrishnan , Mahalingam Arulprakasajothi , Vellaiyan Suresh
Published: November 2023

Electrical batteries, mobile phones, central processing units of computing systems, and scientific instruments lose life due to improper heat transfer. Thermal management enables these electronics to run smoothly. This experiment measures heat sink temperature fluctuations during heating and cooling using lateral fins coated with graphene and carbon CNT. The study examined 15 W, 25 W, 35 W, and 45 W heat inputs to record the time to reach 40?C, 50?C, and 60?C. Regardless of the coating material used in the heat sink, the time taken by the heat sinks to attain 60?C was more than 3000 seconds. Heat input reduced the time to below 3000 seconds. Heat sinks dissipated heat until 32?C during cooling. Infrared spectroscopy showed fins and heat sinks? energy retention. Convective heat transfer cooled the middle row of fins, and coated and uncoated heat sinks were evaluated for enhancement ratio. Coating the heat sink with graphene resulted in an enhancement in heat transfer by 1.15. While heating at 15 W, the CNT coated heat sink exhibited a 1.9 enhancement ratio. The graphene-coated heat sink had an enhancement ratio for 25 W, 35 W, and 45 W heat inputs. The study found that operating temperature, input energy, and nanocoatings affect heat sink performance. This work can help optimise heat transfer from the heat sink to the atmosphere by determining nanocoating thickness. Mixed-material coating studies can disclose heat sink performance.
Thermal characteristics analysis of medium frequency transformer under multiple working conditions
Authors: Huang Pei , Shen Tong , Liu Zhenxing , Dian Renjun , Xu Wanlun , Wang Dan
Published: November 2023

Medium frequency transformer plays an important role in high power AC-DC transformation in power grid, due to its high power density and high loss density, it brings difficulty to heat dissipation. Thermal reliability is crucial for transformer design, different from the previous work, the thermal characteristics of MFT under different working conditions are concerned and analyzed in this paper. The temperature field model of medium frequency transformer is established, and the temperature field characteristics of medium frequency transformer at rated load, no load, overload, fluctuating overload and short circuit conditions are simulated and analyzed, the results show that with the increase of load coefficient, the winding temperature increases obviously, the allowable load coefficient of medium frequency transformer can be determined by calculating the transformer temperature at different load coefficients, which lays a foundation for thermal reliability and safe operation of medium frequency transformer.
La dimensión social de la pandemia: Impresiones sobre el impacto de la COVID-19 en la salud mental de la infancia y adolescencia en Navarra
Authors: García de Eulate Martín-Moro Carmen , Madoz Gúrpide Clara
Published: November 2023

La pandemia causada por la COVID-19, así como las medidas sanitarias y sociales que ha sido preciso tomar, han generado un impacto a todos los niveles, incluyendo el sanitario, el educativo, el económico, el social... Esta situación de crisis ha afectado particularmente a los sectores más vulnerables de la sociedad, como es el de la población infanto-juvenil. Considerando, de acuerdo a la definición de la propia Organización Mundial de la Salud, que no hay salud sin salud mental, corresponde a los servicios públicos de Salud Mental evaluar y reflexionar sobre el impacto que una circunstancia tan extraordinaria como la vivida ha tenido en el ajuste de la población. El presente artículo recoge las impresiones y vivencias de algunas de las personas que, en la en la red pública de la Comunidad Foral de Navarra, nos dedicamos a la atención de la salud mental de los menores hasta 17 años.
Experiencias
Authors: Belzunegui Miren , Fonseca Fran , Mozo Sanz Imanol , Carpintero Manolo , Díaz Espino Javier , Yürss Ignacio , Guergué Irazábal Juan María , Artundo Purroy Carlos
Published: November 2023

Relato de una experiencia COVID-19 Mis padres Mi experiencia como celador de UCI La Atención Primaria frente a la pandemia Al lío Memoria emocional de la pandemia de COVID-19. “Nada será igual” Sensaciones Las mascarillas de Ponferrada
Ilioinguinal and Iliohypogastric Nerve Blocks in Children
Authors: Boldbaatar Odgerel , Maygmar Ariuntungalag , Ayurzana Ganchimeg , Lundeg Ganbold , Orgoi Sergelen
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To examine ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric (ILIH) nerve block techniques among children. Methods: A total of 120 children, aged 1-16 years, were included in this prospective, randomized, single-blinded study. Children received an ILIH nerve block using the conventional fascial click of double “pop” technique on four different points: (Group I, n=30) ILIH block at the junction of the lateral one-fourth, the medial three-fourth in the line from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the umbilicus; (Group II, n=28) approximately 2.5 mm medial to the ASIS; (Group III, n=30) 10 mm medial-superior to the ASIS; and (Group IV, n=30) 10mm medial-inferior to the ASIS. Intraoperative hemodynamic changes, postoperative pain intensity, time of first analgesic requirement, and correlation between BMI and groups were examined. Results: The average pain score 2 hours after operation was lowest in group I (1.04±1.23 [Cl 95%, 0-5.3]) and highest in group IV (2.88±2.47 [Cl 95%, 0-9]), a difference of statistically significance (p=0.0027). In group I only, the pain intensity had a weak, positive correlation with BMI (r=0.49, p=0.006). Conclusion: Group I used the best ILIH block technique.
Risk Factors for Sepsis Following Cesarean Section in Ulaanbaatar: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Dagshinjav Narantsaatsralt , Tudevdorj Erkhembaatar , Davaasuren Munkhzul , Gurjav Naran , Jav Lkhagvasuren
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of post-cesarean sepsis in patients undergoing a cesarean section (CS) and to identify risk factors and the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on this condition. Methods: All cesarean deliveries performed at Ulaanbaatar Urguu Maternity Hospital and National Center for Maternal and Child Health (NCMCH) from October 1st 2013 to October 1st 2015 were evaluated for sepsis, based on criteria established by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC/NHSN). Medical records of case study and control patients were reviewed when they had post operation infection and revisited the hospital. Records were also compared to and included sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Results: Overall findings were: 47.4% (361/ 761) of cases were complicated by wound infection and the control group without wound infections was 52.6% (400/761). Post-cesarean wound infection risk factors were statistically determined by: 1) emergency surgery (95% CI=2.8; P=0.35); 2) Twin pregnancy (95% CI=5.8; P=0.2); 3) Premature rupture of membrane (95% CI=6.4; P=0.26) and; 4) Failed induction (95% CI=4.6; P=0.5). Conclusion: Identifying high-risk patients who will require intensive postoperative care is critical in reducing incidences of post-cesarean wound infection.
Precarious Subjectivities and Neoliberal Reconstruction of Modern Family
Authors:   Hanyang University, Yoon Sunny
Published: November 2023

Parasite (Bong Joonho, 2019) attracted global viewers by addressing the intensifying class stratification and Neo-liberal reconstruction of global economy in the contemporary world. Parasite uniquely features class issues and social criticism instead of depicting typical class struggles between the rich and the poor. Parasite addresses the class structure in transition and highlights the precarious class on the margin. By personalizing class relations into family relations, Parasite features the changing family system along with the breakup of the conventional family. Parasite picks up the very point of this social change and the transformation of family types.
Significant impact of melt-blend and hot-press technique operating condition on polyethylene/thermoplastic starch/aloe vera gel film properties
Authors:   School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Abd Karim Siti Fatma ,   Food Process and Engineering Research Group (FOPERG), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia, Jai Junaidah ,   School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Abdol Aziz Rabiatul Adawiyah ,   School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Ku Hamid Ku Halim ,   School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: November 2023

Melt-blend and hot-press techniques were among the most popular methods for producing polyethylene/thermoplastic starch (PE/TPS) polymer blends. However, different operating conditions contributed to the various quality of film made. Thus, this paper focuses on determining the most suitable operating conditions involving melt-blend and hot-press techniques on specific PE/TPS/aloe vera gel (AV) film formulations. Thus, this study determines the best operating condition for producing PE/TPS/AV blend. One-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method was implemented under six operating conditions: different melt-blending temperatures, pre-heating, hot-pressing pressure, temperature and duration, and cooling application. The result demonstrated that the best melt-blending temperature was 170 °C, having the highest tensile strength (TS) performance. Pre-heating application reduced the thickness, which is suitable for applying single-used plastic and more economical than thicker film. Importantly, this study found the lowest pressure to obtain a smooth surface of film without stickiness during the peeling process from the steel plate after applying the hot-press technique. The same condition faced at 130 °C, hot-pressing temperature produced a smooth and clear film structure. The pro-longed hot-pressing duration reduced the bonding strength of the polymer matrix. Finally, a fast-cooling rate enhances the TS of the film. Therefore, the melt-blending and hot-pressing operating conditions significantly impact the physical and mechanical properties of PE/TPS/AV film. The results of this study are valuable for understanding that each formulation needs a specific processing condition essential as an initial assumption in simulation processes.
RFID Technology in Production and Post Production for the Automotive Industry
Authors:   University Aurel Vlaicu Arad, Culda Lavinia Ioana , Muncut Wisznovszky Elena Stela ,   University Aurel Vlaicu
Published: November 2023

"The continuous development of techniques and technologies that bring increased efficiency and a clear record of what happen on the flow and warehouses have made RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) tagging sought after. The Internet of Things is becoming the technology of the auto parts management system. After the RFID identification, the auto parts go directly into the system and can be used on the flow exactly where they are needed and on the right car. The labelling can also be used post-production in service and other car monitoring applications. method of object identification. It can be used for "
Optimal Control of Pendubot System Using SIMATIC S7-1200
Authors:   Hung Yen University of Technology and Education (UTEHY), Nguyen Van-Dat , Dang Quang-Dong ,   Hung Yen University of Technology and Education (UTEHY), Vo Minh-Tai ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology (HCMUT), Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Tran Minh-Duc ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology (HCMUT), Vo Anh-Khoa ,   Robert BOSCH Engineering and Business Solutions (BOSCH), Nguyen Thanh-Binh ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education (HCMUTE), Tran Phuoc-Tung ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education (HCMUTE), Le Huu-Sang ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education (HCMUTE)
Published: November 2023

In optimal control, a common problem is developing a control law that can drive a dynamical system from one state to another as quickly as possible. The objective of paper is to design optimal control approach based SIMATIC S7-1200 for under-actuated Pendubot system. The main contribution of this paper is to introduce and validate control method for laboratory model of Pendubot system by using industrial device, namely, Programmable logic controller (PLC). Besides, Lyapunov Analysis is used to analyze the stability of optimal control. The simulation is performed in MATLAB/Simulink environment and experiment is carried out in TIA PORTAL environment. The simulation results and experimental results illustrate that the proposed control method is effective and robust by using PLC.
Body size, condition, growth rate and parasite fauna of the invasive Perccottus glenii (Actinopterygii: Odontobutidae) from small watercourse in the Vistula River basin, Poland
Authors: Czerniejewski Przemysław , Linowska Angelika , Brysiewicz Adam , Kasowska Natalia
Published: November 2023

For the last few decades there have been reports not only of the occurrence of new invasive species of European water-courses, but also their increasing expansion. One of such species is the Amur sleeper (Perccottus glenii). The present work contains assessment of age and length distribution, condition as well as growth rate and analysis of the parasite fauna of theAmur sleeper from the waters of the Vistula River tributary in its middle course (the Habdziński Canal). During the catch performed in 2017 and 2019, the total of 177 Amur sleepers were recorded in the studied watercourse and a statistically significant sex structure disproportion was observed. Among the specimens caught in 2017 dominant were fishes with lengths of 50.1–60.1 mm whereas in 2019 the majority of the Amur sleeper specimens measured 30.1–50.0 mm.Six age groups were recorded among the caught fish with a clear prevalence of specimens aged 1+ (70.06%). The most frequently recorded parasite of P. glenii was non-quantifiable Trichodina rostrata ciliate for which the Amur sleeper from the Polish waters appeared to be a new host. Moreover, the presence of an acanthocephalan Acanthocephalus lucii, not recorded in Poland in this host before, was observed in the chyme. Also, accidental presence of larvae of the Opisthioglyphe ranae tre-madote, which is a parasite typical of amphibians, was also recorded. Despite unfavourable habitat conditions and in-creased volumes of biogenic substances in the waters of the Habdziński Canal, the Amur sleeper found convenient condi-tions to reside in this small watercourse.
Rainfall-river discharge modelling for flood forecasting using Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
Authors: Obasi Arinze A. , Ogbu Kingsley N. , Orakwe Louis C. , Ahaneku Isiguzo E.
Published: November 2023

This study is aimed at evaluating the applicability of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model technique for river discharge forecasting. Feed-forward multilayer perceptron neural network trained with back-propagation algorithm was employed for model development. Hydro-meteorological data for the Imo River watershed, that was collected from the Anambra-Imo River Basin Development Authority, Owerri – Imo State, South-East, Nigeria, was used to train, validate and test the model. Coefficients of determination results are 0.91, 0.91 and 0.93 for training, validation and testing periodsrespectively. River discharge forecasts were fitted against actual discharge data for one to five lead days. Model results gave R2 values of 0.95, 0.95, 0.92, 0.96 and 0.94 for first, second, third, fourth, and fifth lead days of forecasts, respectively. It was generally observed that the R2 values decreased with increase in lead days for the model. Generally, this tech-nique proved to be effective in river discharge modelling for flood forecasting for shorter lead-day times, especially in areas with limited data sets.
Living in flood plains in Warsaw – former settlement and a case study of two contemporary housing estates
Authors: Maciejewska Eliza
Published: November 2023

Formation of cities was always dependent on water. Location over the water areas gave the opportunity for develop-ment and increase of prosperity. And although water was also a threat and cause of damage, the benefits of its neighbour-hood prevailed. Today, the challenge for developing cities is a climate change observed in recent decades, which results in violent natural phenomena, e.g. floods and hurricanes. One of the main problems faced by residents of housing estates lo-cated on the water is the increasing risk of flooding. Actions are taken to adapt the functioning of the urban structure and buildings to new water conditions. Currently, the process of floodplain development is progressing on a larger scale. This phenomenon is intensifying and as a result many housing estates are created in areas exposed to flooding. The approach to flood issues in the context of architecture and spatial planning has evolved in recent decades. The new water paradigm is expressed in striving to keep it in place. How did the settlement in the floodplains look once and today in Warsaw? The research study was preceded by a his-torical feature and then the article drew attention to the ways of shaping new housing estates in flood areas in Warsaw. Us-ing the case study method, new housing estates developed in the flood plains have been analysed, with a listing of their strengths and weaknesses and the assessment of solutions. Issues were discussed on how to protect the buildings from the harmful effects of water. On the basis of the conclusions from the Warsaw case study, project guidelines for floodplains in Warsaw were developed, the aim of which was to identify the most important priorities in the development of floodplains and increase the security of investment arising in these areas.
The reactivation of Warsaw oxbow lakes as a leitmotiv of urban design
Authors: Solarek Krystyna
Published: November 2023

Oxbow lakes occurring in floodplains are those natural elements that are subject to rapid changes, which may lead to their disappearance. These are extremely valuable ecosystems and landscape components, as well as water management units. However, they quickly disappear if they are not periodically fed with river water, which takes place especially when rivers are embanked. Such a situation occurs, among others in Warsaw, in the Vistula valley. There are many opportunities for the reactivation of oxbow lakes, including through technical activities. It is not always possible to restore the naturalvalues of the valley in urbanized areas, however, oxbow lakes can then also play a recreational role and they can fulfill an important task in improving the quality of life, being also an important element of the public space system. The author has carried out research related to land development projects of the new district located in the Vistula River valley in Warsaw (the Siekierkowski Arc). Many different design solutions have been proposed, taking as a leitmotiv the restoration of oxbow lakes, for example: (1) reconstruction of the water channel in the former watercourse with the boulevard along its fragment and with the public park in another part, (2) water supplying of the existing oxbow lake through the green and blue infrastructure system. The author presents few urban designs carried out under her direction for this area and shows that creative reactivation of oxbow lakes can improve water conditions, and be beneficial for the introduction of a new, attractive development.
The concept of optimising the development of geoportals of protected areas using the example of Polish national parks – A case study
Authors: Wójcik-Leń Justyna , Maciąg Michał , Mazur Klaudia , Leń Przemysław
Published: November 2023

For more than ten years a dynamic and intensive development has been observed in spatial information technology combining elements of geoinformatics with data from various sources in order to create elaborate, often interdisciplinary and multifunctional compilations. The progressing implementation of IT solutions with reference to resources and related trends to make public infor-mation that is useful to a wide group of recipients are reflected in multimedia information materials of many public institutions and private businesses. An example of using electronic technologies in the presentation of spatial data of national parks is widely available geoportals, interactive maps and other cartographic or paracartographic visualizations offering various tools allowing the utilisation of spatial information resources. This publication aims at a multilevel analysis of the availability of network services, as defined in Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2007 establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community,to all the existing geoportals of Polish national parks and a review of additional functions offered by the map services of all 23 Polish national parks that may be useful to users. As a result of research, tables and descriptions comparing the functions of the analysed geoportals were compiled and additional practical tools observed in other services were described. In addition, based on the comparisons, a concept of geoportal optimization was developed taking into account all categories of spatial information services and optional functions.
Spatial landscape differentiation of the coastal geostructure of the Shkota Island, Sea of Japan
Authors: Ganzei Kirill , Zharikov Vasilii , Pshenichnikova Nina , Lebedev Andrei , Lebedev Ilia
Published: November 2023

Existing plans for the development of the continental coast and the islands of the Peter the Great Bay suggest establish-ing of large economic clusters. The most important condition for achieving sustainable development of the emerging natu-ral-economic system is to implement spatial planning of coastal zones. The work is based on the information about the nat-ural complexes of the territory and water area, obtained through landscape approach. The territory of the Shkota Island and its submarine slopes were used as a key area for the study of the features of the spatial organization of landscapes of coastal geostructures. We used a complex of physiographic, geoecological, cartographic and statistical research methods. For ter-restrial landscapes, 49 observation points are described and 4 profiles are laid; for underwater landscapes 64 observation points are described and 18 profiles are laid. As a result, a unified structural-genetic classification of land and underwater landscapes is established, the landscapes are mapped, and zones of interaction between aerial and aquatic natural complex-es are identified. The results obtained are the basis for identifying priority types of coastal-marine environmental manage-ment, functional zoning and spatial planning.
The analysis of spatial variability of precipitation in Poland in the multiyears 1981–2010
Authors: Grzywna Antoni , Bochniak Andrzej , Ziernicka-Wojtaszek Agnieszka , Krużel Joanna , Jóźwiakowski Krzysztof , Wałęga Andrzej , Cupak Agnieszka , Mazur Agnieszka , Obroślak Radomir , Serafin Artur
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the spatial variability of precipitation in Poland in the years 1981–2010. The av-erage annual rainfall was 607 mm. Precipitation in Poland is characterized by high spatial and temporal variability. The lowest annual precipitation was recorded in the central part of the country, where they equaled 500 mm. The highest annual precipitation totals were determined in the south, equaling 970 mm. The average precipitation in the summer half-year is 382 mm (63% of the annual total). On the basis of data from 53 climate stations, maps were made of the spatial distribution of precipitation for the period of the year and winter and summer half-year. The kriging method was used to map rainfall distribution in Poland. In the case study, cross-validation was used to compare the prediction performances of three periods. Kriging, with exponential type of semivariogram, gave the best performance in the statistical sense. Their application is justices especially in areas where landform is very complex. In accordance with the assumptions, the mean prediction error (ME), mean standardized prediction error (MSE), and root mean-square standardized prediction error (RMSSE) values are approximately zero, and root-mean-square prediction error (RMSE) and average standard error (ASE) reach values well below 100.
Wastewater reuse and mapping of irrigable soils: Case of Sidi Bel Abbes City, Algeria
Authors: Mahfoud Zakari
Published: November 2023

This work aims to evaluate the treated wastewater from the activated sludge treatment plant in the City of Sidi Bel Ab-bes (North-Western Algeria) which is required for reuse in irrigation. The control of irrigated areas downstream is done based on a pedological study. Physico-chemical analysis such as (pH, BOD5, COD and SS) indicate results in Algerian and international standards required by the WHO. The Sodium Adsorption Ratio and Electrical Conductivity values of the treated wastewater belong to the C3-S1 class. The treated wastewater has a fairly good microbiological quality that meets Algerian standards. The helminth eggs are practically absent. The concentrations of heavy metals are much lower than the limits prescribed in the Algerian decrees. Therefore, the overall processing plant efficiency is satisfactory and has the char-acteristics of a good treated water quality for reuse in the field of irrigation while protecting the environment. The pedolo-gical study of the soil samples shows that the most dominant fraction is undeveloped calcimagnetic. The planned irrigation plain covers an area of about two thousand hectares. Depending on the crops to irrigate; the development and nature of the necessary or recommended improvements, the proposed irrigation perimeter could be classified into five categories in which only three categories are irrigable. Water projects have been proposed to ensure the irrigation of three subdivided sectors.
Land cover change detection in northwestern Vietnam using Landsat images and Google Earth Engine
Authors: Nguyen Luong B.
Published: November 2023

Recently, Google Earth Engine (GEE) provides a new way to effectively classify land cover utilizing available in-built classifiers. However, there have a few studies on the applications of the GEE so far. Therefore, the goal of this study is to explore the capacity of the GEE platform in terms of land cover classification in Dien Bien Province of Vietnam. Land cover classification in the year of 2003 and 2010 were performed using multiple-temporal Landsat images. Two algorithms – GMO Max Entropy and Classification and Regression Tree (CART) integrated into the Google Earth Engine (GEE) plat-form – were applied for this classification. The results indicated that the CART algorithm performed better in terms of mapping land use. The overall accuracy of this algorithm in the year of 2003 and 2010 were 80.0% and 81.6%, respective-ly. Significant changes between 2003 and 2010 were found as an increase in barren land and a reduction in forest land. This is likely due to the slash-and-burn agricultural practice of ethnic minorities in the province. Barren land seems to occur more at locations near water sources, reflecting the local people’s unsuitable farming practice. This study may provide use-ful information in land cover change in Dien Bien Province, as well as analysis mechanisms of this change, supporting en-vironmental and natural resource management for the local authorities.
Correlation between physical and chemical parameters of water and biotic indices: The case study the White Drin River basin, Kosovo
Authors: Zhushi Etemi Ferdije , Çadraku Hazir , Bytyçi Arbnore , Kuçi Tetlinda , Desku Arbnore , Ymeri Prespa , Bytyçi Pajtim
Published: November 2023

The major impacts on aquatic ecosystems worldwide caused by land use lead to changes in their natural conditions and limitation of water use for various needs. This paper presents the results of the study of the physical and chemical parame-ters and macroinvertebrate assemblage in the White Drin River (or: the Drim River, Alb. the Drini i Bardhë River) basin, the largest in Kosovo. Macroinvertebrate sampled at 11 sites in the river resulted in 5946 collected benthic organisms, which in taxonomic terms belong to 12 orders and 51 families. Of the total number of organisms, 72.28% were Insects, 25.39% Amphipoda crustaceans and 2.33% were Annelide worms and Mollusk. The used biotic indices Biological Moni-toring Working Party (BMWP), Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT), average score per taxon (ASPT) and Stroud Water Research Center (SWRC) classify water quality in excellent category in the sampling site S1 near the source of the White Drin River, whereas in other sampling sites, as a result of pollution, water quality varies on category II–IV. The Pearson's correlation analyses shown that the physical and chemical parameters affect the water quality and the com-position of macroinvertebrates. Our results show that the parameters that adversely affect the BMWP, EPT and ASPT bio-tic indices as well as the Shannon–Wiener, Mergalef and Menhinik diversity indices are: pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), nitrates (NO3–) and chlorides (Cl–). We can conclude that the anthropogenic impact on White Drin basin affects the physical, chemical and biological parameters of the water therefore these parameters should be con-stantly included in Biomonitoring and Management plans for water resources in Kosovo.
Study the local scour around different shapes of single submerged groyne
Authors: Rashak Budoor M. , Khassaf Saleh I.
Published: November 2023

River training structures; such as submerged groynes are low profile linear structures that are generally located on the outside bank to form groynes fields and prevent the erosion of stream banks by keeping a flow away from it. In the present research, the maximum scour depth was measured based on laboratory experiments where different shapes of submerged groynes (I-shape, L-shape, T-shape) were used as sort of countermeasures to investigate about most shapes that reduce the scour around them. The result of submerged groynes showed a clear decrease in scour depth ratio due to increasing sub-merged ratio and increase the scour hole geometry with increasing of flow intensity, and also Froude number. The maxi-mum scour hole in this research was observed at T-shape groyne and then followed by I-shape groyne and L-shape groyne. The maximum scour depth that cased by I-shape was more than L-shape by a percentage about 8.2%, and it was less than T-shape by a percentage about 16.4%.
The need for proper management leading to the sustainability of the Kelani River and its lower basin
Authors: Manage Pathmalal , Mahagamage Yohan L. , Ajward Roshan , Amaratunge Sampath , Amarathunga Visitha I.
Published: November 2023

The Kelani River is the second largest watershed in Sri Lanka and the main water-supply intake point for the Greater Colombo. The present study focuses to identify the sources of pollutants of the meandering zone of the Kelani River, par-ticularly due to the absence of more recent information. Accordingly, a survey was conducted to obtain information on in-dustrial discharges, anthropological, and social activities within the area of 15 m from left and right banks of the river. The high contaminations (total and faecal coliform – 1100 MPN∙(100 cm3)–1; COD – 10 mg∙dm–3; BOD – 4 mg∙dm–3) of surface and groundwater are corroborated with the results obtained via the demographic and land usage statistics. Industrial pollu-tant sources and harmful anthropological practices were identified as major threats to the river basin. In this survey, agricul-ture and land degradation were identified as issues due to improper land use management. As policy recommendations based on the results of the study, it was identified that the awareness for Kelani River protection should be increased; moni-toring and evaluation of the Kelani River basin under a management plan should be implemented; and stakeholder and pri-vate partnerships contribution to the sustainability of the Kelani River basin should be established.
The organisation of control over non-centralized water supply under the risk of groundwater dynamics disturbance in karst areas
Authors: Kuzichkin Oleg R. , Romanov Roman V. , Dorofeev Nikolay V. , Grecheneva Anastasia V. , Vasilyev Gleb S.
Published: November 2023

The use of non-centralised water supply in remote settlements is currently the only possible option. Monitoring the wa-ter quality of such supply sources is a complicated task in such areas, especially when there are active karst processes and difficult groundwater conditions. The application of deterministic analytical models of water supply under the risk of dis-turbance to groundwater dynamics is not efficient. Significant quantitative and even qualitative changes in groundwater conditions may take place between the calculated points, and the underestimation of these changes in expectation-driven computation models may result in serious geoecological issues. This research studied and justifies the use of adaptive dy-namic hydrogeological control in an area of non-centralised water supply based on the identification of key zones of geo-dynamic karst monitoring and the electrical express-monitoring of water resources. The identification of key zones is based on an integrated analysis of available groundwater information that describes changes in groundwater hydrodynamic condi-tions at the time of the karst forecast. The development of karst-suffusion processes is accompanied by more intense dy-namic changes in local areas of geologic environment compared to the general variation in intensity. Information about the occurrence of destructive groundwater processes by means of selective geodynamic monitoring may thus be obtained much earlier than with environmental geodynamics monitoring as a whole. The experimental hydrogeological control of an area of non-centralised water supply was conducted on the right bank of the Oka River in Nizhny Novgorod region, a locality with an active manifestation of karst processes. Structure and algorithms of space-time processing of hydrogeological con-trol data developed by authors have been used. The approach based on multifrequency vertical electrical sounding (MFVES) method has shown good correspondence with direct borehole observation when measuring depth of the first aq-uifer. Zones of unsafe water use have been revealed. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method and the need for further regular observations of destructive groundwater processes by means of selective hydrogeodynamic monitoring.
Waterside dwelling. Functional and architectural conditions
Authors: Tulkowska-Słyk Karolina
Published: November 2023

Contemporary challenges related to rapid urbanization, migration, deepening inequalities and climate change inspire to contemplate the future of dwelling. The article aims to present particular solutions in housing that use advantages created by the relation to the water. The aquatic neighbourhoods become a field of experience for residential architecture, where traditional systems are enriched with new elements and solutions. Some of these solutions can be brought back to the sys-tem and improve the overall catalogue of answers for the development of traditional dwelling. The analysis discusses contemporary housing projects 1998–2005 and includes: the program overview, basic numerical parameters, accessibility details and relation to the context. Current water-related examples are accompanied by a reference to standard solutions developed in the modern era. All presented designs use traditional components of dwelling program, grouping day zone elements and separate them from private spaces. In basic parameters development is visible in bigger areas of living space. In terms of accessibility housing on or close to water gives new opportunities, as well as in relation to the context. The paper presents research on different types of dwelling located by the water, with particular emphasis on functional and architectural advantages, which may be used to improve contemporary housing models. The proposed guidelines can be used in further studies on housing typologies in aim to develop more open and flexible spatial layouts.
Impact of Kishnica mines on pollution of the Graçanka River and water wells near Kosovo
Authors: Kadriu Sadija , Sadiku Milaim , Kelmendi Mensur , Aliu Mehush , Mulliqi Ismet , Hyseni Arbër
Published: November 2023

Mining is an important economic activity in Kosovo. Artana and Kishnica mines are a part of the Trepça industrial complex and the increased exploitation of deposits has resulted in undesirable impact on the environment around the min-ing sites. More specifically, the mining activity caused water pollution. The aim of the study was to assess the physico- -chemical parameters and presence of heavy metals (Ni, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Mn, Fe) in water samples of the Graçanka Riv-er and household wells in the area. The Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used to determine metal concentrations. Samples were collected from five sites along the Graçanka River and from four private water wells during a period from September to November 2019. Concentrations of heavy metals in the Graçanka River were as follows Mn (24–1203 μg∙dm–3), Fe (11–785 μg∙dm–3), Ni (4–299 μg∙dm–3), Pb (2–22 μg∙dm–3), As (1–5 μg∙dm–3), Zn (344–1646 μg∙dm–3), Cr (1–2 μg∙dm–3) and Cd (<1 μg∙dm–3). The well waters were polluted by multiple metals (Mn > Fe > Ni > Pb) with concentrations of Mn 1834–36089 μg∙dm–3, Fe 158–3535 μg∙dm–3, Ni 82–1882 μg∙dm–3, Pb 5–45 μg∙dm–3, As 2–19 μg∙dm–3, Cd 1–12 μg∙dm–3, Zn 979–23474 μg∙dm–3 and Cr 1–2 μg∙dm–3. The pollution has been caused by industrial (min-ing-related) and urban discharges. The contamination originates from the release of flotation process waste and from the leaching of the tailings dam. Most probably, rainwater has washed contaminants into the aquifers and the Graçanka River. River water is not suitable for irrigation and well water is not suitable for consumption or irrigation. Wastewater should be treated before discharge and the tailings area should be remediated in order to stop the pollution.
Numerical analysis of stream renovation using MIKE 11-GIS and HEC-RAS5
Authors: Nazari Giglou Abolfazl
Published: November 2023

The main purpose of river system is to renovate its old processes. This article represents the results of two numerical models and a field site screening results for the river renovation in Idaho, U.S.A and some restoration methodologies that have been used to better understand possible renovating strategy. Ecological recovery methods using a degraded stream ecosystem have been found after estimating a channel design's capability. Despite these representing methods it is hard to present the most effective method to get efficient renovative outcomes. Two hydrodynamics modelling (MIKE 11-GIS and HEC-RAS5) and field site screening are used to evaluate pre- and post-renovation modifies in 35 laboratory experiments and biological performance indicators. Movement formed between 1994 and 2014 have been considered in this research. Ecosystem improvements have been evaluated to compare the pre-post renovation situations by considering the parameters such as water surface elevation, lower slope, shear stress, depth, wet perimeter, and velocities. The numerical model results for all mentioned parameters show that after the completion of phase I, II, III and IV, the sinuosity of the channel will be very close to the 1986 condition. The sediment carrying capacity and potential use of MIKE 11-GIS, hydrodynamic model for scour has been reduced throughout the lower reaches of the project site, where the channel slope is at its steepest posi-tion, and a close match with the field site screening and have been shown and presented as graphs.
The variability of natural and climatic conditions in investment projects in the field of nature management
Authors: Rokochinskiy Anatoliy , Frolenkova Nadia , Turcheniuk Vasyl , Volk Pavlo , Prykhodko Nataliіa , Tykhenko Ruslan , Openko Ivan
Published: November 2023

The article focuses on the actual scientific and practical problem of accounting for the influence of meteorological and climatic factors in the technical and economic calculations in the field of environmental management. It has been proven that the introduction of scientifically sound and effective methods of using meteorological and cli-matic information in economic calculations significantly reduces the loss caused by weather conditions and improves the implementation of an optimal strategy for agricultural production on reclaimed lands. Such calculations are based on economic and statistical modelling of different variants that accounting for standard hy-drometeorological information in the implementation of design, management and economic decisions. This increases the validity and reliability of calculations, as well as their compliance with the actual operating conditions of environmental and economic facilities. Consequently, this attracts increased interest of both public and private investors. Not only under such conditions is a sustainable development of environmental management sectors possible but also the adaptation to global climate change and additional benefits from the efficient economic activity in the new environmen-tal conditions.