bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chronic Treatment of Diseases with Licorice - Mulethi (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.)
Authors: Ullah Muhammad Arshad , Hassan Ali
Published: April 2022

Gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotrans-mitter in the central nervous system, being GABAAreceptors a target for anaesthetics and neuroleptic, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant com-pounds. G. glabra acts as a modulator of GABAA receptors, being able to induce sedative and anxiolytic effects. Glabridin potentiated GABA‐induced responses by positive modulation of GABAA receptors, exhibiting sedative and hypnotic effects. Glabridin potentiation is not sensitive to flumazenil and uses a similar mechanism of the general anaesthetics involving the amino acids N265 and M286, which are located in the second and third transmembrane domains on the β‐subunit of GABAA receptors. Glabridin could also contribute to the hypnotic effect, as it is able to cross the blood–brain barrier. Liquorice extract has potential therapeutic value for the treatment of depressive disorders. Liquo-rice extract produces significant antidepressant effects. The main skin benefits reported for G. Glabra are based on the antiox-idant and anti‐inflammatory activities as well as on the ultraviolet (UV) protection. Mainly liquorice is used for skin eruptions, including dermatitis, eczema, pruritus, and cysts. G. glabra flavonoids present depigmenting capabilities and tyrosi-nase inhibition effects. The presence of anα‐keto group in flavonoids is responsible for the skin protective effects of liquorice against damage from oxidative stress. Liquo-rice extract can scavenge DPPH free radicals with an inhibition of 80% and protect fibroblasts against oxidative stress. Nevertheless, when evaluated in the isolated form, glycyrrhizin showed a poor antioxidant activity, being not able to efficiently coun-teract the oxidative effect. Tyrosinase is essential for skin pigmentation due to its role in melanin biosynthesis. The use of tyrosinase inhibitors is important in the cosmetic and medicinal industries, due to their pre-ventive effect on pigmentation disorders such as melasma, age spots, ...
On Accounting for Evaporation or Infiltration Free Surface in Some Problems of Filtration Theory
Authors: Naumovich Bereslavskii Eduard
Published: April 2022

The following filtration flows with unknown free boundaries are investigated: In case of a flow past the Zhukovsky groove in the case when the soil layer is underlain along its entire length with an impermeable base and evaporation from the free surface occurs; In case of a flow past the Zhukovsky groove in the case when the underlying layer is a completely well-permeable aquifer and infiltration occurs on the free surface; When groundwater moves in a rectangular bridge with a partially impenetrable vertical wall in the presence of evaporation from the free surface; When groundwater moves to an imperfect gallery in the presence of evaporation from the free surface.
Sustainability of External Debt on Economic Growth: Econometric Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Jude Okonkwo Jisike , Kenneth Anachedo Chima , John Okoye Nonso , Chisom Ezeaku
Published: April 2022

External debt sustainability includes external debt stock, external debt service and external debt to export ratio while gross domestic product is used as a proxy for economic growth. This study adopted the descriptive ex-post facto research design and the time series data on the variables were gotten from the CBN statistical bulletin (2020) and the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics (2018). The data were analyzed using the Granger Causality Test and the Ordinary Least Square regression analysis. The findings of the study revealed that external debt has positive and significant relationship with economic growth while external debt service and external debt to export ratio both has a negative relationship with economic growth. The results of the Granger Causality test revealed that unidirectional causality (effect) was found flowing from external debt to exports ratio and external debt to economic growth while there was no causality found between external debt service and economic growth in Nigeria. The study recommended that the monetary authorities should ensure that external debt incurred would ultimately result in economic growth by judiciously allocating these debts to sectors that boost output productivity and that external debt policies decisions should be founded on sustainability indicators such as external debt to export ratio, ensuring that debt is maintained below established thresholds.
Exploring Birds as Glorified in the Romantic Poetry
Authors: Sharma Dr. Lok Raj
Published: April 2022

English Romantic poetry contributes profound love and genuine reverence of the poets to nature. Birds constitute a part of nature, and love for nature is one of the perpetual features and themes of the Romantic poetry. This article, which aims at exploring birds how English Romantic poets glorify them in their poetry, comprises five poems of four celebrated English Romantic poets, namely Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley and Keats. This article concludes that the Romantic poets glorify birds as a blithe spirit, a light-winged fairy, an ethereal minstrel, a blithe new-comer, a wandering voice, a darling of the spring, Christian soul and so on.
Implementation of Inclusive Education Programs in Lampung Province
Authors: Sowiyah Sowiyah , Perdana Ryzal
Published: April 2022

The implementation of inclusive education is a form of equal educational services between children who have special needs and regular children carried out in public schools. Therefore, inclusive education provider schools should be implemented properly which includes institutional, student, workforce, infrastructure, parental participation, and financing purposes. The purpose of this study is to describe and obtain an overview of the implementation of inclusive education programs in Lampung Province. The research method used was a descriptive survey with the principal respondent. Data collection by purposive sampling, instruments in the form of closed and open questionnaires to obtain free answers from participants. Data analysis techniques used descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that in general inclusive education in Lampung Province did not meet the requirements of the implementation of inclusive schools in accordance with the Law on Inclusion Schools, especially related to the still low role of parents of students with special needs, the unavailability of special assistant teachers, and the unmet fulfillment of facilities and adequate infrastructure.
Manage Activities of Testing and Evaluate Learning Results belong to High School in the Context of Educational Innovation
Authors: Bao Nguyen Hoai
Published: April 2022

Testing and assessment of learning outcomes are one of the basic and important tasks in the educational process. For many years, this activity has been paid special attention by Vietnam’s education sector and included in the industry’s key action program. For this activity to achieve good results, management plays a key and necessary role. Documents of the Ministry of Education and Training indicate the necessity of this activity. However, this activity has not achieved good results in some high schools. Many negative phenomena have arisen during the implementation process. In the current educational innovation context, this activity is becoming more and more necessary. This study indicates the need and proposes solutions to test and evaluate learning outcomes to achieve better results in the future.
Physical and Metallic Based Evaluation of Chemical Treatment of Graphene Oxide to Achieve Reduced Graphene Oxide and Industrial Significance
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Shaban Muhammad , Khalid Hamza , Naseem Majid , Hanif Muhammad Mudassar
Published: April 2022

In the recent research work, synthesis of Graphene oxide was done by treating graphite powder with KMnO4 and a mixture of H2SO4/H3PO4 and then reduced with ascorbic acid to produce graphene oxide. A method that was approved for this purpose was Tour method. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used for the characterization of the obtained samples. Structural analysis was determined with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD) using CuKα radiation (λ=0.15405nm). Raman Spectroscopy was used for chemical analysis. Surface characterization was done with the help of Scanning electron microscopy. XRD pattern obtained through (SEM) shows that GO and RGO were successfully synthesized at 9.2° and 25.1° peaks respectively. Results from GO and RGO Raman spectra samples indicate that oxidation was effective and there was not a complete elimination of oxygenated group in the RGO sample. In SEM images, RGO exhibits wrinkled and agglomerated structures. Needle like structures were visible at higher magnification.
Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (Case Study on Village Credit Institutions in Bali Province)
Authors: Wiranata I Gede AB , Rusmawati Diane Eka
Published: April 2022

The existence of corporate social responsibility is no longer a relevant issue in the midst of globalization. In fact, corporate social responsibility is a top priority for business leaders in all countries in order to build synergies between the business world and the community in which the company carries out its business activities. This study aims to (1) analyze the concrete forms of implementing corporate social responsibility at village credit institutions in Bali Province, especially on the social life of its customers, (2) analyze the legal basis for implementing corporate social responsibility at village credit institutions in Bali Province, (3 ) the extent to which compliance with the application and sanctions of customary law in realizing corporate social responsibility at village credit institutions in the province of Bali. This research case study uses an Ethnographic Research/Sociolegal Research approach and a statutory approach in a qualitative research paradigm at the Village Credit Institution in Bali Province. Respondents were determined using the snowbolling system technique for customers of village credit institutions and traditional leaders as well as the Hindu Religious Parisadha Council. Data analysis used qualitative analysis. The implementation of corporate social responsibility has generally been implemented in most of the Village Credit Institutions in Bali, but the orientation is more on increasing socio-religious culture. This obligation is prioritized over the existence of a traditional village/Pakeraman Village according to the embodiment of Tri Hita Karana, namely the harmony of life between others, the harmony of life with the Creator, and harmony with other creatures. This is a reflection of obedience to the implementation of religious law and local wisdom adopted as living law. This study recommends to legislators that the preparation of laws related to corporate social responsibility can adopt the local wisdom of the people of various ethnic groups in Indonesia. This local wisdom is reflected in community values that grow, live and develop in reality in society.
Reconstruction of Indonesian Islamic Law Compilation Using Madhhab Perspective Based on Justice Value
Authors: Suhadi Suhadi , Mashdurohatun Anis , Gunarto Gunarto
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study is to describe the weaknesses of the Islamic Law Compilation (KHI) Practiced in Indonesia by examining and analyzing its contents and their problems from the perspective of the madhhab and reconstructing the KHI which contains Islamic law in the perspective of the madhhab based on the value of justice using the sociological juridical method. Informants as sources of research data are scholars, lecturers, judges, MUI, Islamic organizations, FKUB, Shi'i, Sunni, and Salafi Wahabi leaders. Data collection techniques with interviews and documentation. Data analysis goes through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data display, and verification. The results of the study found that (1) KHI only contains family law even though Islamic law is very complex and is not limited to family law. (2) Family law which is the formulation and result of the existing ijtihad of Indonesian ulama does not need to be revised because of its suitability and acceptance of various schools of thought in Indonesia. (3) Islamic law is always based on valid and recognized madhhabs and madhhabs in this world based on the 2004 Amman Treatise and 8 others, namely Sunni, Shi'i, Dhahiri, and Ibadli (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hambali, Dhahiri, Zaidi, Ja'fari, Ibadli). (4) There are 3 schools of thought that live and develop in Indonesia with their derivative mass organizations (Sunni Syafi'i, Sunni Hambali/Salafi - Wahabi, and Shi'i). (5) The three schools of thought in Indonesia are prone to conflict and can trigger disharmony and national disintegration. (6) The need for regulation of the recognition and harmony of various schools of thought in Indonesia through the KHI channel by reconstructing the 1991 Indonesian KHI with additions; recognition, protection, and harmony of various schools of thought with national insight as a complement to the contents of Islamic law and a unifying and harmonious forum that is based on justice-based law.
Association of Factor V Leiden Mutation with Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Authors: Chowdhury Sanjukta , Sultana Masuda , Bulbul Surayea , Banu Ferdous Ara , Akhtar Prof. Nahreen , Begum Prof. Firoza
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is considered as a significant public health problem. In many studies, Factor V Leiden mutation is considered to have significant relationship with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine the association of Factor V Leiden mutation with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the out-patient Department of Fetomaternal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from November 2020 to April 2021 (6 months). Sample size was taken as 40 for each case and healthy control group. Result: Mean (±SD) age was found 28.2±4.9 years in RPL group and 27.1±5.24 years in non-RPL group. Maximum number of patients fell into the BMI category of 23.0-26.9 kg/m2 (BMI for Asian women) in both groups. Among the RPL cases, 30% had experienced consecutive 2 pregnancy losses with mean (±SD) number of losses 3.07±1.14. About more than half percentages (n=23, 57.5%) shared the primary RPL group. In this study, normal homozygous FVL mutation was equally distributed among RPL patients and control individuals. Only 2 cases (5%) were found positive for Factor V heterozygous mutation (GA) in the RPL group. G allele occurred in most of the cases (97.5%) of RPL. Two cases aged 25 years and 35 years respectively were found positive for heterozygous mutation of Factor V Leiden. Both of them exhibited 3 consecutive recurrent second trimester pregnancy losses. Factor V Leiden was found in higher prevalence (100%) in 2nd trimester recurrent pregnancy loss sub-group of cases and revealed significant association (p <0.001) between two variables. Conclusion: The impact of Factor V Leiden mutation has not stated any causal association with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. The results do not support Factor V mutation screening as an initial approach in Bangladeshi women suffering from recurrent pregnancy loss.
Comparative Study on Breech Deliveries among the Primiparous and Multiparous Women in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: R Basak M. , A Sarker , N Roy , P Modak , R Basak , N Sarker A. , K Basak B.
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Breech is the commonest mal-presentation where increased perinatal and maternal mortality and morbidity are reported compared to cephalic presentation. This unwanted outcome can only be prevented by planned delivery methods. The aim of the study was to compare fetal outcomes in all delivery methods among the primiparous and multiparous women and thereby helping in preparing appropriate delivery protocol in breech presentation. Methods: This prospective study was done at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology of Rangpur Medical College with a total of 104 pregnancies. Appropriate cases of breech presentation were included and all necessary information was noted including predictive factors, management details, and outcome of the delivery. Result: Among the 104 participants of the study, 53 were primiparous pregnancy, and 51 were multiparous pregnancy cases. In total, 28 out of 104 had vaginal deliveries, and 76 had a delivery through cesarean section. The cesarean section had a much higher prevalence (81.13%) among primipara cases. 22 of the primipara and 20 of the multipara cases had planned for vaginal delivery, but successful vaginal delivery was observed to be 22.7% in primiparous women and 45% among multiparous women. The mean age was 24.58 years among the primiparous women and 28.9 years among the multiparous. A higher percentage of multiparous cases (80.4%) had no fetal complications compared to primiparous cases (71.7%). Among neonatal complications, birth traumas were significantly more frequent in the primiparous compared with multiparous. 43.4% of neonates needed admission from the primipara group compared with 33.3% in multipara. Among maternal complications, a higher percentage of multipara women suffered from different morbidities compared to primiparous, which was statistically significant as a whole. Conclusion: Proper planning of delivery methods is important to decrease both maternal and fetal morbidities and mortality irrespective of parity. Primiparous mothers with breech presentation are more prone to undergo cesarean deliveries and thereby develop postoperative complications. But multiparous mothers have more complications during the delivery process. Overall neonatal complications especially birth traumas are more common among the babies of primiparous mothers.
Obstetric Risk Assessment and Referral Cascade as Predictors of Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality
Authors: M Abbey , FCC Wekere , CK Edet , Harry Agiriye M. , SC Amadi , NJ Kwosah , US Ocheche , CI. Akani
Published: April 2022

Background: Using an evidence-based guideline for obstetric risk assessment in the primary and secondary healthcare settings in Nigeria has been shown to aid appropriate referral cascade of patients to tertiary centres. Aim: To assess the impact of inappropriate obstetric risk assessment and late referral to tertiary care facilities in Rivers State on perinatal morbidity and mortality. Material and methods: The study was of prospective cross-sectional design involving 475 patients who were referred from primary and secondary healthcare facilities to the labour ward of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. The appropriateness of their obstetric risk assessment and referral cascade to a tertiary centre was assessed, using a preformed evidence-based guideline and the results were associated with the perinatal morbidity and mortality. Data were analysed using Epi Info 2020. Results: The perinatal outcome in women that needed to be referred in the first trimester to tertiary centres was worse than that in those women who were appropriately referred and the differences were statistically significant in terms of birthweight less than 2500 grams [170(54.66%) versus 8(24.24%), X2 = 9872 p<0.002]; birth asphyxia [78(19.02%) versus 0(0%), X2 =7.926 p<0.0003]; admission to SCBU [85(20.73%) v 0(0)%); X2=8.916 p<0.0001] and foetal death [77 (18.78%) v 0(0%); X2=7.787 p<0.0003r]. The differences were also worse in terms of the number of patients who had preterm birth at 28-37 weeks, FGR and large for date (LFD) babies but the differences were not statistically significant. Furthermore, the perinatal outcome in women that needed to be referred in the first trimester to tertiary centres was also worse than that in those who needed an earlier referral to tertiary centres and the differences were statistically significant in terms of birth asphyxia (X2=2.341, p<9.045); admission to SCBU (X2=2.699, p<0.055) and foetal death (X2=2.291, p<0.047). The differences were also worse in terms of the number of patients who had preterm births, neonatal birth weight, LFD babies and FGR but not statistically significant. Conclusion: Perinatal morbidity and mortality were worse in patients who needed to be referred to a tertiary centre from a primary and secondary healthcare facilities than in those who were appropriately referred and those that needed an earlier referral. There is therefore an urgent need for adoption of evidence-based guideline for obstetric risk assessment and referral cascade in Nigeria.
Clinico-Pathological Outcome of Induced Abortion among the Patient Admitted in DMCH
Authors: Akhter Kulsum , S Nahar , A Najma , S Khan
Published: April 2022

Background: Abortion is defined as the loss or termination of a pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation or when the fetus weighs less than 500 g. Induced abortion is defined as the use of medications or surgical intervention to stop pregnancy after implantation but before the embryo or fetus has become independently viable. The purposeful termination of a pregnancy, known as induced abortion, is one of the most common gynecological treatments. In this study, attempts have been made to show the clinical presentation, management, and outcome of patients. Aim of the study: The study aimed to assess the outcome of a patient after induced abortion. Methods: It was a prospective observational study. The study was conducted at the Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during May-Oct'2007 from all induced abortion cases admitted in different maternity units, 80 cases are randomly selected for the study. Proper ethical consent was taken from the concerns. All necessary investigation was done, and necessary pieces of information were noted in a preformed data collection sheet. Finally, the results were analyzed and presented in different tables using a computer and the SPSS database. Result: In this study, it has been seen that around 45.5% of gynecology patients are of abortion, and the incidence of induced abortion was 16% among all gynecological admission. The majority of abortion cases (58.75%.) were conducted by untrained persons. Among the patients, 8.75% had adequate knowledge about MR, while 51.25% had unreliable or incorrect information regarding MR. 55% of cases had used contraceptives. A total of 76.25% of patients got admission within 1 month of their complications. Among all cases, 92.5% were improved while the death rate was 7.5%. Amongst 23 specimens of high vaginal swab culture 15 (65.22%) patients showed growth of Escherichia coli, 3 (13.5%) of staphylococcus, 3 (13.5%) of pseudomonas, 1 (4.34%) of protus, 1 (4.34%) of klebsiella. Conclusion: All this can be reduced by improving socioeconomic condition, educational status, popularizing family planning, and modernization of existing laws in relation to abortion.
Green Human Resource Management and Corporate Sustainability of Oil and Gas Companies in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Tamunomiebi Tamunomiebi , Mezeh Mezeh , Andy Akpobolokami
Published: April 2022

The goal of this study is to determine the level of awareness of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) among Human Resources (HR) Managers and HR officer at various levels in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. To collect data, a cross sectional design using quantitative research methodology was used. Data were obtained from 180 HR managers and HR officers in the chosen study organizations. Theory of green economy underpinned the study. The descriptive data analysis is given in relation to the level of relationship between the variables, and a regression analysis was used to determine the predictability of the corporate sustainability using the independent variables (GHRM). The findings of the study showed significant relationships between the independent variables (green recruitment and selection, green training and green rewards management) and corporate sustainability (r = 310, .469, .417; p < .01) respectively; and F (3, 176) = 30.43, p = .000, with R2 of .342 showed that GHRM is a good predictor of Corporate sustainability. The study recommended that to attain outstanding corporate sustainability, organizations should implement the necessary GHRM practices. Schools should include Green activities in their curriculum so as to inculcate and imbibe the culture of green practices. Finally, the government should incorporate GHRM methods into Nigerian Labour law and promote firms that adopt green HRM.
The Application of Strict Liability Rule in Rylands V Fletcher to Oil Spills in Nigeria
Authors: Okafor Kathleen Ebele
Published: April 2022

The Research Paper ‘Application of the Strict Liability Rule in Rylands v Fletcher to Oil Spills in Nigeria’, is a robust and timely evaluation of the legal concept of Strict Liability as it applies to the recurrent problem of oil spillage in Nigeria. For several decades now, crude oil production sites have regularly spilled oil and other petroleum-related chemicals, into the riverine communities of the Niger-Delta region of Nigeria. This has sometimes devastated the fishing and farming livelihoods of the poor villages within the vicinity of such spillages, and agricultural productivity is greatly reduced. This is in addition to air pollution, wildlife decline and overall environmental degradation. This paper looks at efforts to hold accountable those responsible for such degradation using the concept of Strict Liability. In order to obtain justice and compensation for the riverine communities, it must be proven that the offending oil companies were guilty of nuisance and negligence, as described by the Rule in Rylands v Fletcher. The companies are expected to know that their activities are reasonably likely to cause far-reaching destruction to the environment. Concluding, the paper makes recommendations to further tackle the problem of oil spillage in Nigeria.
Lean Manufacturing Approach and Operational Efficiency of Nigerian Pharmaceutical Companies in Anambra State
Authors: Okolocha Chizoba Bonaventure , Anugwu Chika Clara
Published: April 2022

This study validates the relevance of Lean strategy in Nigerian pharmaceutical companies in Anambra State. Specifically, the study ascertained the effect of lean manufacturing approach on efficiency of pharmaceutical companies in Anambra State and determine the effect of lean manufacturing approach on competitiveness of pharmaceutical companies in Anambra State. The study adapted a descriptive survey research design since the study is to distribute questionnaires to the respondents. The population of the study consists of 80 staff of 6 selected pharmaceutical companies in Anambra State. Data were collected through the questionnaires administered to respondents. T-test statistical tool was used to test the two hypotheses with the aid of SPSS version 20. 0 at 5% level of significance. The study revealed that lean manufacturing approach has effect on operational efficiency of Pharmaceutical Companies in Anambra State. Findings of the study provided support that lean contributed in integrated value chain supply and competitiveness in manufacturing companies. Therefore, the study concluded that lean manufacturing approach has effect on efficiency and competitiveness of pharmaceutical companies in Anambra State. Based on the findings, the study recommended that manufacturing companies should strive to adopt lean thinking approaches, principles and practices so as to reduce inherent variations with suppliers and demand from customers for greater effectiveness of the company.
Evaluation of Indoor and Outdoor Fungal Flora of Two Poultry Farms in Akungba-Akoko and Ayegunle-Akoko
Authors: Adeoyo Olusegun Richard , Omolola Oluwawemimo Grace
Published: April 2022

Good quality of air in poultry farms is a prerequisite for healthy animals and farm workers. Air acts as a good dispersal medium for microbes and its quality is a reflection of the environment. The focus of this study is was evaluate indoor and outdoor fungal flora of two poultry farms (Akungba-Akoko and Ayegunle-Akoko) and to determine effect of some antifungal agents on all isolates. Identity of each fungus was determined by comparing the morphology and microscopic characteristics of each fungus with those in compendium of soil fungi. Air flora sampling was performed both inside and outside premises of farms, and an open-air method was used. Antifungal activity was performed using two antifungal drugs (ketoconazole and nystatin). A total of twenty-three (23) fungal species were obtained belonging to fourteen (14) genera; Aspergillus, Penicillium, Eurotium, Monascus, Alternaria, Cryptococcus, Curvularia, Chrysonilia, Microsporum, Cunninghamella, Bipolaris, Acremonium, Fusarium and Trichoderma. Genera such as Curvularia, Chrysonilia, Cunninghamella and Cryptococcus were not inhibited by antifungal drugs used across all concentrations, while nystatin inhibited 74% of these fungi using concentration of 5 mg/ml with 25 mm being highest zone of inhibition. Ketoconazoles highest zones of inhibition were found with Alternaria tenuissima (26 mm), Trichoderma harzianum (25 mm) and Aspergillus acidus (25 mm). The study revealed presence of some toxicogenic fungi in poultry environments. Therefore, this study recommends preventive measures like provision of adequate ventilation system, regular cleaning of poultry farms, use of clean equipment, and use of antifungal drugs such as ketoconazole and nystatin (to be used at low concentration) to inhibit and control infections in poultry farms.
he Influence of Role Conflict, Time Burden and Competence on Professionalism and Ability of Internal Auditors to Detect Fraud at the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Education and Culture in Indonesia
Authors: Prihantoro Anton , Kuntadi Cris
Published: April 2022

The word "fraud" is a word that exists today. There are no business entities or institutions that are entirely devoid of the risk of fraud. People who commit crimes can be found in every socioeconomic class. As a result, there's a requirement for various stakeholders to be concerned and aware of the possibility of fraud in the workplace. The purpose of this research is to study the impact of role conflicts, workload, and internal auditors’ ability to detect fraud. Collecting data using a questionnaire which is measured by a Likert scale. The population in this study were all internal auditors of the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Education and Culture. The saturated sample consisted of 300 respondents. The data analysis method uses SEM-PLS modeling through the SmartPLS version 3.0 program. By testing the validity, reliability, R Square value, F Square value, Q Square value. Testing the hypothesis using the bootstrap T-test method. The results of the study stated that role conflict and time burden had a negative and significant effect on professionalism, but competence had a positive and significant effect on professionalism, role conflict, and time load had a negative and significant effect on the ability to detect fraud, but competence and competence. professionalism has a positive and significant effect on the ability to detect fraud. Role conflicts, time, and professional burdens can affect the ability to detect fraud indirectly through professional mediation. This study requires careful planning and clear authority and responsibility to conduct field audits and the need to increase competence to increase the professionalism of auditors in detecting.
An Interpretation of Ecological Images in William Yeats’ Poems from the Perspective of New Historicism
Authors: Lei Guo , Li He
Published: April 2022

There are many descriptions of the environment in William Yeats’ poems. From the perspective of new historicism, this paper analyzes the ecological images of poetry from two aspects: the historicity of the text and the textuality of history. Ecological images are those depicting nature and cities. Among them, birds, roses, and Innisfree are the classic ones. Through these images, William Yeats concerns the relationship between the ecology and people. The historicity of the text presents the historical reality of Ireland and Irish life experience. Then, based on the function of literary texts which work as an ecological reality, the thesis explores the assimilation and arrogance of humans in constructing Irish life experience. The textuality of history focuses on fiction and historic reality. Through the images, Irish ecology enters the public. Moreover, William Yeats applies defamiliarization and intertextuality to contrasting the authoritative history and offering a fresh history.
Partnership Analysis of Two Wheel and Four or More Automotive Industry MSMEs in Indonesia
Authors: Lukman Lukman , Sujianto Agus Eko , Hidayat Yudi , Suhendra Suhendra , Prayudiawan Hepi
Published: April 2022

The objectives of this study are: (1) to analyze the development and contribution of micro small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) partnerships in the Automotive Industry sector in Indonesia; (2) analyze the pattern and principle of partnership of MSMEs in the Automotive Industry in Indonesia; (3) analyzing the support of the central and local governments for the automotive industry partnership in Indonesia; (4) explore the placement of MSMEs in the National Industrial Estate and (5) develop a strategy for developing and expanding the partnership of MSMEs in the automotive industry in Indonesia. The methodology used is descriptive exploratory and SWOT analysis. The results of the study: (1) inductive statistics give the results that there are 1,474 Number of 2-wheel and 4-wheeled 2-wheeled automotive MSMEs with 2 wheels as many as 659 and 815 4 wheels in Indonesia, West Java by 66%, Banten by 14%, East Java 9%, DKI Jakarta 5%, Central Java 4%, and Riau Islands 1% and other provinces below 1%; (2) partnership patterns and principles in the form of agreements/contracts/supply chains of automotive partnership cooperation between MSMEs and large automotive companies; (3) government support regulations to form a special village center for MSMEs, Link & Match partnerships, People's Business Credit Programs, provide direct cash funds to MSMEs during the COVID-19 epidemic; (4) MSMEs have not yet been placed in Industrial Areas mandated by Law Number 40 of 2007 and Government Regulation Number 142 of 2015 and (5) the position and strategy of MSMEs is an aggressive maintenance strategy and a selective maintenance strategy.
Correlation of Serum S-100 Protein Level with Severity of Ischaemic Stroke
Authors: Mehzabeen Dr. Shagufta , Rahman Prof. Md. Quddusur , Sabuj Dr. Md. Shahidullah , Paul Prof. Debatosh , Ferdousi Dr. Sheuly , Shahin Dr. Md. Abdul Kadir , Zaman Dr. Md. Shahariar
Published: April 2022

Background: Stroke is currently the second leading cause of death worldwide and the first leading cause of death in Bangladesh. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale is the most commonly used deficit rating scale to assess stroke severity. S-100 protein is a low molecular weight calcium-binding protein expressed mostly in glial cells like astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglial cells. During the ischaemic process, S-100 protein is secreted from the glial cells into the extracellular space. After secretion, S-100 protein releases initially into the cerebrospinal fluid and then eventually into the bloodstream due to disruption of the blood-brain barrier. Aim of the study: To correlate serum S-100 protein level with the severity of ischaemic stroke. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Laboratory Medicine in collaboration with the Department of Neurology, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2018 to August 2019. A total of 70 ischaemic stroke patients were enrolled in this study. After taking proper history and neurological examination, the severity of ischemic stroke was assessed on the basis of NIHSS score. Then, serum S-100 protein levels were measured by the Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay method. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 22.0. Results: According to the NIHSS scores, 35(50.0%) of the patients had moderate stroke (NIHSS score=5-15), 17(24.3%) had minor stroke (NIHSS=1-4), 12(17.1%) had moderate to severe stroke (NIHSS=16-20) and 4(5.0%) had severe stroke (NIHSS=21-42). The mean S-100 protein level was found 0.283±0.165 μg/L. Mean S-100 protein levels was assessed in different categories of severity of ischaemic stroke. Maximum Mean± SD value of serum S-100 protein was found in case of severe stroke (NIHSS score=21-42; Mean ± SD: 0.739±0.207, range: 0.523-1.019). The significance test was done by ANOVA test which was found statistically significant (p-value <0.001). Pearson’s correlation test revealed a significant strong positive correlation (r=+943, p<0.001) between serum S-100 protein level and NIHSS scores of ischaemic stroke patients. Conclusion: In the present study it was found that serum S-100 protein levels were higher in severe ischaemic stroke in relation to the ischaemic stroke of lower severity. S-100 protein level is rapidly determined by the method used in the present study. Serum S-100 protein level in this regard can be used as an important tool to predict the severity of ischaemic stroke. Further study is needed to confirm the findings of the present study.
Job Satisfaction and Patient Safety Attitudes among Nurses of Faisalabad, Pakistan
Authors: Fakhar Nazish , Sehar Sana , Mustufa Dimple
Published: April 2022

Background: The purpose of the study was to assess the association between job satisfaction and patient safety attitudes among nurses of Faisalabad, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in February to May 2021, on the nurses working in two Public hospitals in Faisalabad. A total of 300 nurses participated in the study. The main questionnaire based on the socio-demographic questionnaire comprises of the age, gender, qualification and work experience. Other than this, two questionaire were opted to collect data. One was on job satisfaction questionnaire was developed by Nicholas in 2007 the scale has the 6 dimensions including Coworkers, work demands, work content, work load, work skills and rewards. The other was patient safety attitude questionnaire comprised on six subscales, and additional items on demographic information (Kristensen, Sabroe, Bartels, Mainz & Christensen, 2015). Results: Majority of the nurses were having fatigue impairs while performing emergency situations. Very less participants shares that they were satisfies with the supervision offered to them during provision of the care. The mean score was towards poor conditions. The mean score of the components was less then 3.8 which is towards the dissatisfaction. There was a relationship between educational status and years of experience. Among the lower educational levels the nurses were more satisfied with the job and display more patient safety attitude. Additionally, nurses with more years of experience has less patient safety attitude than other groups of the participants. There was a strong positive relationship between the job satisfaction and patient safety attitudes among the nurses. Conclusions: There was a strong positive relationship between the job satisfaction and patient safety attitudes among the nurses. Hence, senior clinical nursing personals can significantly improve the patient safety implementation of nurses hence, it is suggested that they should take active part in the implementation of the patient safety protocols. Poor team work was the biggest issue in the low levels of job satisfaction. It is necessary to take steps in reducing the absenteeism and uplifting the image of nurses in the team work.
Guía para evaluar el riesgo y la prevención en atmósferas explosivas en el sector de la madera
Authors: Hoyuelos Álvaro Francisco Javier , Santamaría Herrera Alba , Casado Marcos Carlos
Published: April 2022

Este estudio tiene como objetivo servir de herramienta para identificar la mayor o menor peligrosidad del polvo generado en la transformación de la madera en la industria. Este polvo es capaz de generar lo que se conoce como atmósferas explosivas (ATEX), lo cual sucede cuando existen sustancias inflamables que, mezcladas con el aire y en condiciones atmosféricas, pueden encenderse si entran en contacto con una fuente de ignición y la combustión se propaga a la totalidad de la mezcla. Conocer en profundidad las características del polvo que influyen en su peligrosidad respecto a la formación de atmósferas explosivas permite ayudar a los profesionales de la industria de la madera y a los técnicos de prevención, para que se tomen las medidas de prevención adecuadas. En esta guía se van a establecer qué parámetros y condiciones resultan determinantes en la clasificación de los distintos tipos de polvo en función de su probabilidad para provocar una explosión. De este modo, será posible tomar una muestra de polvo, analizar sus características y determinar si generará o no una atmósfera explosiva en unas condiciones concretas. Para ello se han realizado pruebas de explosividad, se han determinado temperaturas de ignición en nube y en capa, y concentraciones mínimas de ignición, se han llevado a cabo ensayos calorimétricos (TGA y DSC) y se han tomado imágenes mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido, con cámara lenta y también con cámara termográfica. Con todos estos datos se ha establecido que las características más importantes de las que depende que se produzca o no la formación de una atmósfera explosiva son el tamaño medio de las partículas del polvo de una muestra, su humedad y su estructura microscópica. Con este trabajo se aportan distintos gráficos y tablas que permiten conocer la peligrosidad del polvo de madera facilitando la evaluación de riesgos en la industria y sirviendo como complemento del Documento de Protección Contra Explosiones, de forma que sea posible reducir la siniestralidad y así evitar daños tanto personales como materiales.
Perancangan Aplikasi Sistem Pakar dalam Mendiagnosa Penyakit Infertilitas pada Pria Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor Berbasis Web
Authors: Alwendi Alwendi , Samosir Khairunnisa
Published: April 2022

Infertilitas pada pria merupakan masalah yang perlu diperhatikan dan penanganan serius, besarnya presentase infertilitas pada pria cukup besar (± 40-60%) dan salah satunya adalah gangguan kesuburan. Melihat dampak infertilitas pada pria tersebut, sistem dibangun berbasis web dengan harapan untuk mempermudah pengguna dalam mengakses dan sistem ini mampu memberikan pengetahuan optimal dari timbal balik pengguna sistem. Sistem Pakar yang dibangun untuk diagnosa infertilitas pada pria menggunakan metode CF bertujuan menelusuri gejala yang ditampilkan dalam bentuk pertanyaan-pertanyaan agar dapat mendiagnosa penyakit dengan perangkat lunak berbasis web. Perangkat lunak sistem pakar dapat mengenali penyakit infertilitas yang dialami oleh user setelah melakukan konsultasi dengan menjawab beberapa pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang ditampilkan oleh aplikasi sistem pakar serta dapat menyimpulkan beberapa tingkat persentase infertilitas yang dialami oleh pasien. Data penyakit yang dikenali menyesuaikan rules(aturan) yang dibuat untuk dapat mencocokkan gejala-gejala.
Penerapan RapidMiner dengan Metode K-Means dalam Penentuan Kluster Ganguan Jaringan WIFI Provider PT.XYZ di Daerah Karawang
Authors: Pratama Putra Julius Widianto , Suganda Erik Arfan , Purnamasari Intan
Published: April 2022

Jaringan internet pada era ini merupakan suatu kebutuhan masyarakat. Internet digunakan untuk memudahkan pekerjaan manusia dalam segala bidang, baik itu komunikasi, tranportasi hingga edukasi. Internet tidak hanya didapatkan melalui layanan kartu GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) perdana yang digunakan oleh tiap smartphone untuk terhubung dengan internet. Adapun teknologi Wifi yang digunakan untuk memancarkan internet sehingga smartphone bisa tersambung dengan internet tanpa perlu kartu GSM. Salah satu perusahaan di karawang yang menyediakan layanan Wifi yaitu PT XYS Karawang. Ada 20 daerah yang menjadi jangkauan layanan Wifi dari PT XYS di Karawang. Pada pengoperasian layanan Internet Wifi pasti ada gangguan yang terjadi pada layanan Internet Wifi PT XYS. Pada penelitian ini penulis ingin melakukan pengelompokan gangguan Internet yang terjadi di daerah karawang dengan menggunakan Metode Clustering untuk pengelompokan data ganggunan. Dengan menentukan nilai titik pusat atau Centroid yang berjumlah Centroid 3 maka dapat dibentuk menjadi 3 cluster. 3 cluster yang terbentuk akan memberikan informasi daerah apa saja yang menjadi Cluster tingkat tinggi (C1),  Cluster tingkat sedang (C2), dan Cluster tingkat rendah (C3). Hal ini dapat memberikan informasi kepada PT xyz agar mengetahui daerah apa saja yang perlu penanganan lebih agar dapat mengurangi masalah gangguan Internet Wifi yang tinggi agar berkurang.
Sistem Informasi Manajemen Keuangan pada Herosoftmedia Berbasis Web
Authors: Rohman Abdur , Pratama Fandy Indra
Published: April 2022

HeroSoftMedia – Digital Marketing Agency adalah perusahaan di bidang Advertising Branding. Pada bagian marketing sering melakukan aktivitas mencatat data transaksi dari client, proses pendataan transaksi keuangan tentunya sangatlah penting untuk input data history client. Oleh sebab itu pada bagian marketing membutuhkan sistem informasi manajemen keuangan yang tepat, efektik, akurat, efisien dan cepat. Agar dapat mempermudah proses pengolahan data transaksi baik pengeluaran, pemasukan, mencatat hutang piutang maupun control pengelolaan dana dan penyusunan laporan keuangan. Performa sistem lebih tervalidasi dengan adanya pengecekan terlebih dahulu dan juga terintegrasi dengan telegram dalam tambah data transaksi dana perusahaan yang dilakukan oleh bagian marketing, selain itu juga dapat mempermudah pembuatan laporan perusahaan. Selama ini dalam proses pengelolaan keuangan masih dilakukan dengan membuat sebuah laporan pada spreadsheet dengan adanya hal tersebut dirasa kurang efektif karena laporan keuangan yang sering tertumpuk sehingga dalam proses pencarian data membutuhkan waktu yang lama serta penyimpanan data kurang aman. Dengan adanya sistem ini diharapkan dapat membantu pihak marketing maupun admin perusahaan untuk mempermudah proses pengelolaan keuangan menjadi lebih terstuktur dan dapat meminimalisir kesalahan dalam pembuatan laporan keuangan serta pencarian laporan. Sistem yang dibuat yaitu dengan menggunakan PHP dan MySQL serta menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem Waterfall.
E-Commerce Peralatan Pendakian Toko Zahra Adventure Semarang
Authors: Gozali Imam , Fachreza Ardian
Published: April 2022

E-commerce merupakan transaksi perdagangan melalui media elektronik yang terhubung dengan internet. Berdasarkan pengamatan dan fakta di lapangan, e-commerce berupa website yang menyediakan transaksi jual-beli secara online atau direct selling yang memanfaatkan fasilitas internet, website yang dapat menyediakan layanan "get and delivery". Toko Zahra Adventure merupakan toko yang menjual peralatan pendakian, sebelumnya konsumen harus mencari dan membeli barang peralatan pendakian harus datang ke toko. Pemilik toko juga merasa kesulitan dalam mengelola peralatan pendakian yang dijual serta tidak adanya laporan penjualan secara periodik. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu merancangbangun sistem e-commerce peralatan pendakian berbasis web. Metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan metode waterfall. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu sebuah sistem e-commerce.yang menyediakan beberapa produk mengenai alat-alat pendakian yang dijual oleh Zahra adventure untuk kebutuhan pelanggan. E-commerce di Zahra Adventure Semarang digunakan admin untuk mengelola data dan laporan, sehingga owner bisa mengevaluasi hasil dari usaha yang dijalankan.