bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Making Room for Misfits
Authors: Li Vivian
Published: February 2023

This special issue of Art History critically revisits the often‐overlooked institutional circulations of art and art professionals, exhibitions, and other forms of cultural production within the Communist sphere from the late 1940s to its peak in the early 1960s during de‐Stalinization, and eventual departure by the 1980s from the international ambitions of a ‘socialist’ globalism. As this collection of essays underscores, while the promise of ‘friendship’ and ‘solidarity’ in socialist internationalism offered a variety of transnational opportunities for art and artists, at the same time these complex concepts were also dependent on an unevenness of power, and not necessarily only with the Soviet Union. ‘Red Networks: Post‐War Art Exchange’ emphasizes the contributions of the artists, art critics, and cultural administrators in state‐socialist networks to the worldwide modernization of art after the Second World War through to contemporary art's global turn in the 1990s.
Market dynamics of authorized generics in Medicaid from 2014 to 2020
Authors: Rome Benjamin N. , Gunter Simon J. , Kesselheim Aaron S.
Published: February 2023

Objective

To investigate the use and timing of market introduction of authorized generics (AGs), which unlike independent generics are sold by the brand‐name drug manufacturer under a generic label.

Data Sources

This study used public Medicaid prescription drug use data from 2014 to 2020.

Study Design

This cross‐sectional study measured the percentage of filled prescriptions for AGs, compared with brand‐name and independent generic versions. We also identified the frequency and characteristics of AGs marketed at least 1 year before independent generics.

Data Extraction Methods

Drugs were classified based on manufacturer‐reported data to Medicaid.

Principal Findings

From 2014 to 2020, 1023 AGs accounted for 175 million filled Medicaid prescriptions. These represented 4% of Medicaid prescription drug use, and 16% of medication use among products with AGs available. Among 393 AGs for drugs without generic competition before 2014, 139 (35%) were marketed at least 1 year before independent generics or had no independent generic competition through December 2020.

Conclusions

AGs represented a small share of Medicaid prescription drug use from 2014 to 2020, but when AGs were available, they accounted for sizeable market share. Among the minority of cases in which AGs were marketed a year or more before independent generics, manufacturers may be using AGs to bolster brand‐name drug prices or to undermine independent generic competition, meriting further attention by regulators.
Relevance of the air–water interfacial and foaming properties of (modified) wheat proteins for food systems
Authors: Janssen Frederik , Monterde Viena , Wouters Arno G. B.
Published: February 2023

A shift from animal protein‐ to plant protein‐based foods is crucial in transitioning toward a more sustainable global food system. Among food products typically stabilized by animal proteins, food foams represent a major category. Wheat proteins are ubiquitous and structurally diverse, which offers opportunities for exploiting them for food foam and air–water interface stabilization. Notably, they are often classified into those that are soluble in aqueous systems (albumins and globulins) and those that are not (gliadins and glutenins). However, gliadins are at least to an extent water extractable and thus surface active. We here provide a comprehensive overview of studies investigating the air–water interfacial and foaming properties of the different wheat protein fractions. Characteristics in model systems are related to the functional role that wheat proteins play in gas cell stabilization in existing wheat‐based foods (bread dough, cake batter, and beer foam). Still, to further extend the applicability of wheat proteins, and particularly the poorly soluble glutenins, to other food foams, their modification is required. Different physical, (bio)chemical, and other modification strategies that have been utilized to alter the solubility and therefore the air–water interfacial and foaming properties of the gluten protein fraction are critically reviewed. Such approaches may open up new opportunities for the application of (modified) gluten proteins in other food products, such as plant‐based meringues, whippable drinks, or ice cream. In each section, important knowledge gaps are highlighted and perspectives for research efforts that could lead to the rational design of wheat protein systems with enhanced functionality and overall an increased applicability in food industry are proposed.
A characterization of pre‐ to post‐immigration alcohol use among recent Latino immigrants to the United States before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Romano Eduardo , Sánchez Mariana
Published: February 2023

Background

Although Latino immigrants to the United States tend to display a gradual increase in alcohol use after immigration, such escalation may not generalize to all Latino/a groups. This study examines patterns of alcohol use shown by recent Latino immigrants (RLIs) to Miami/Dade County (MDC), Florida covering a period from pre‐immigration to the first two years after immigration. Differences in alcohol use prior to and during the COVID‐19 pandemic were also assessed.

Methods

Data came from an on‐going longitudinal study of 540 young adult (50% female) RLIs. Inclusion criteria were age 18 to 34, residing in MDC and having immigrated from a Latin American country within the past year. Respondent‐driven sampling was the primary recruitment strategy.

Results

Recent Latino immigrants reported a decline in alcohol use from before immigration (18.3 drinks per month, d/m) to the first (13.9 d/m), and second years (10.4 d/m before and 12.9 d/m during the pandemic lockdown) in MDC. The decline, which was moderated by RLIs' sex and legal residency status, was halted by the pandemic lockdown. While “to celebrate” was the most often cited reason for drinking, “to forget” was often cited during the lockdown.

Conclusions

The noted decrease in alcohol use since immigration may reflect the unique array of support and resources available to RLIs in MDC. Nevertheless, some RLIs increased their alcohol use over time, particularly during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This disparate impact of the pandemic on alcohol use calls attention to the need to identify the most vulnerable RLIs to MDC and develop targeted interventions for them.
Higher mortality among lean patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease despite fewer metabolic comorbidities
Authors: Wijarnpreecha Karn , Li Fang , Lundin Sori K. , Suresh Deepika , Song Michael W. , Tao Cui , Chen Vincent L. , Lok Anna S. F.
Published: February 2023

Background & Aims

Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can develop in individuals who are not overweight. Whether lean persons with NAFLD have lower mortality and lower incidence of cirrhosis, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM) and cancer than overweight/obese persons with NAFLD remains inconclusive. We compared mortality and incidence of cirrhosis, CVD, DM and cancer between lean versus non‐lean persons with NAFLD.

Methods

This is a retrospective study of adults with NAFLD in a single centre from 2012 to 2021. Primary outcomes were mortality and new diagnosis of cirrhosis, CVD, DM and cancer. Outcomes were modelled using competing risk analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.

Results

A total of 18,594 and 13,420 patients were identified for cross‐sectional and longitudinal analysis respectively: approximately 11% lean, 25% overweight, 28% class 1 obesity and 35% class 2–3 obesity. The median age was 51.0 years, 54.6% were women. The median follow‐up was 49.3 months. Lean patients had lower prevalence of metabolic diseases at baseline and lower incidence of cirrhosis and DM than non‐lean patients and no difference in CVD, any cancer or obesity‐related cancer during follow‐up. However, lean patients had significantly higher mortality with incidence per 1000 person‐years of 16.67, 10.11, 7.37 and 8.99, respectively, in lean, overweight, obesity class 1 and obesity class 2–3 groups respectively.

Conclusions

Lean patients with NAFLD had higher mortality despite lower incidence of cirrhosis and DM, and similar incidence of CVD and cancer and merit similar if not more attention as non‐lean patients with NAFLD.
The association of magnetoencephalography high‐frequency oscillations with epilepsy types and a ripple‐based method with source‐level connectivity for mapping epilepsy sources
Authors: Shi Li‐juan , Li Can‐Cheng , Lin Yi‐cong , Ding Cheng‐tao , Wang Yu‐ping , Zhang Ji‐cong
Published: February 2023

Objective

To explore the association between high‐frequency oscillations (HFOs) and epilepsy types and to improve the accuracy of source localization.

Methods

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) ripples of 63 drug‐resistant epilepsy patients were detected. Ripple rates, distribution, spatial complexity, and the clustering coefficient of ripple channels were used for the preliminary classification of lateral temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE), mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), and nontemporal lobe epilepsy (NTLE), mainly frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE). Furthermore, the seizure site identification was improved using the Tucker LCMV method and source‐level betweenness centrality.

Results

Ripple rates were significantly higher in MTLE than in LTLE and NTLE (p < 0.05). The LTLE and MTLE were mainly distributed in the temporal lobe, followed by the parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and frontal lobe, whereas MTLE ripples were mainly distributed in the frontal lobe, then parietal lobe and occipital lobe. Nevertheless, the NTLE ripples were primarily in the frontal lobe and partially in the occipital lobe (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the spatial complexity of NTLE was significantly higher than that of LTLE and MTLE and was lowest in MTLE (p < 0.01). However, an opposite trend was observed for the standardized clustering coefficient compared with spatial complexity (p < 0.01). Finally, the tucker algorithm showed a higher percentage of ripples at the surgical site when the betweenness centrality was added (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that HFO rates, distribution, spatial complexity, and clustering coefficient of ripple channels varied considerably among the three epilepsy types. Additionally, tucker MEG estimation combined with ripple rates based on the source‐level functional connectivity is a promising approach for presurgical epilepsy evaluation.
Reproductive characteristics, population genetics, and pairwise kinship inform strategic recovery of a plant species in a fragmented landscape
Authors: Doyle Chantelle A. T. , Yap Jia‐Yee Samantha , Bragg Jason , Rossetto Maurizio , Orme Andrew , Ooi Mark J. K.
Published: February 2023

Population genetics and understanding of mating systems provide fundamental information for conservation planning. Pairing these methods is a powerful tool in the study of threatened species, however, they are rarely applied in concert. We examined the mating system and used molecular genetics to measure pairwise kinship and the potential for inbreeding inHibbertia spanantha, a critically endangered long‐lived shrub endemic to the Sydney Basin, Australia, as a model for conservation planning of species in highly fragmented populations. In situ hand pollination experiments demonstrated that the species is preferentially outcrossing, with limited ability to self‐pollinate (either autogamously or geitonogamously). Although population genetics confirmed high levels of kinship and clonality, there is currently enough population heterozygosity for successful open pollination, primarily through buzz pollination by Sweat Bees (Lasioglossum [Chilalictus]). High levels of clonality and population kinship in one population may be the cause of reduced fitness, identified because our outcrossing pollination treatment produced significantly more seeds with greater viability and seed mass than the open treatments. Differences in weight of filled (viable) seeds were identified between populations, although not treatments, where clonal dominance may be swamping pollinator foraging activities. Identification of species mating system, population reproductive capacity, and impacts of fragmentation on population genetic health provides a robust basis for strategic planning and conservation of this critically endangered species, including establishment of an ex situ population and genetic rescue through population augmentation. These methods are easily applicable and particularly relevant to other plant species with small populations or those occurring in fragmented systems.
A survey of solid organ transplant recipient attitudes and concerns regarding contraception and pregnancy
Authors: McIntosh Tristan , Puerzer Payton , Li Miah T. , Malat Gregory , Sammons Chelsea , Norris Maxwell , Fallah Tara , Trofe‐Clark Jennifer , DuBois James M. , Iltis Ana , Mohan Sumit , Sawinski Deirdre
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Many women who are solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients wish to have children after transplantation. Contraception is an important component of post‐transplant planning and care, given the increased risk associated with post‐transplant pregnancies. We sought to understand patient attitudes and concerns about post‐transplant contraception and pregnancy.

Methods

Following a comprehensive literature review, our team developed a survey that was administered to female SOT recipients of childbearing age. We used descriptive and inferential statistics to characterize participant views

Results

A total of 243 transplant recipients completed the survey (80.7% response rate). The mean age of respondents was 37.5 years (±8.1 years), 66.7% were kidney recipients, and 40.7% were within the first year after transplant. The most common concerns among respondents included fetal and maternal health complications. Participants generally did not agree that transplant recipients should be advised to avoid pregnancy. There was strong support for shared decision‐making about pregnancy after transplantation

Conclusion

Understanding patient perspectives can help transplant providers make better care recommendations and support patient autonomy in reproductive decisions post‐transplant. Given that there are some differences in views by transplant type, individualized conversations between patients and providers are needed.
A postcolonial Pannenberg? Mimicry, the law, and the cross of love
Authors: Yang Jae
Published: February 2023

This paper employs the postcolonial concepts of mimicry and hybridity to interpret Wolfhart Pannenberg's understanding of the violence done to Jesus on the cross and the subversive reconciliatory love that it engenders. According to Pannenberg, although the man Jesus was crucified as blasphemer of the Jewish law, the resurrection vindicated Jesus so that the ones accusing Jesus were retroactively deemed to be the actual blasphemers. As a result, Jesus ended up dying not for his own alleged breaking of the law, but as an inclusive substitute for all blasphemers of God (through amour propre) deserving death. Thus, the resurrection confirmed Jesus’ divine identity and his earthly teaching that love supersedes and transforms the law. Applying the concept of mimicry to Pannenberg, on the cross the symbolic and semiotic are held together in tension for in mimicry the “not‐quite sameness” menaces the colonizer. The cross, ostensibly a symbolic sign of abjection, is mimicked by the suffering of Jesus and subverted through a practice of inclusive semiotic love which recapitulates sinful human life toward a life of transformed autonomy. Pannenberg displays a pseudo postcolonial understanding of subverting oppressive law into love. However, on account of his futurist ontology, the eschatological totality is underscored relative to formative experiences, leaving him vulnerable to postcolonial critiques of essentialism, which can reinscribe colonialism. I contend that Pannenberg employs a strategy of “strategic particularism” in which concepts such as mimicry and hybridity are helpful as hermeneutical tools but ultimately provisional and temporary relative to the whole.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of bacterial wilt in Eucalyptus
Authors: Rossi Ana P. , Jesus Junior Waldir C. , Zauza Edival A. V. , Coutinho Marcos P. , dos Anjos Breno Benvindo , Moraes Willian Bucker
Published: February 2023

Bacterial wilt (caused by Ralstonia spp.) is one of the most damaging diseases of Eucalyptus species, and is responsible for substantial losses to producers. For efficient, scientifically‐based management of this disease, it is necessary to understand the various factors involved in its development, including greater knowledge of the epidemiology of the pathogen on Eucalyptus spp. This study aimed to determine the spatialtemporal dynamics of bacterial wilt in Eucalyptus under natural infection conditions. An experiment was conducted in a commercial plantation in the municipality of Itinga, state of Maranhão, Brazil, using the clone FGCA0385 (Eucalyptus urophylla var. platyphylla). The study comprised of four plots composed of 450 plants each, subdivided into nine rows with 50 plants per row with a spacing of 3 × 3 m. Disease incidence was quantified over 1 year. The spatial dynamics of the disease was determined using the dispersion index, a modified Taylor law, and the analysis of the dynamics and structure of foci. For temporal dynamics, the curve of the disease incidence progress was plotted, and the data were analysed by simple linear regression analysis fitted to three empirical models: logistic, monomolecular, and Gompertz. The distribution pattern of Eucalyptus bacterial wilt was random, as confirmed by the Index of dispersion. Analysis of the dynamics and structure of the foci, showed that 69 disease foci occurred, 44 of which were unitary, with an average number of plants per focus of 1.63. Foci had greater length in the direction of the planting line. The epidemics were best described by the monomolecular model, with an estimated incidence of Eucalyptus bacterial wilt of 27.77% in the fourth year of the study. According to the spatiotemporal dynamics of this work, management strategies such as eliminating symptomatic plants and crop renovation can be used based on economic viability.
Generalized pustular psoriasis: Quality and readability of online health information
Authors: Malik Rhea , Chen Jeffrey , Lau Charles , Sandoval Aaron , Nambudiri Vinod E.
Published: February 2023

Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a multisystem disease with potentially life‐threatening adverse effects. As patients increasingly seek health information online, and as the landscape for GPP changes, the quality of online health information (OHI) becomes progressively more important. This paper is the first of its kind to examine the quality, comprehensiveness and readability of online health information for GPP. Similar to pre‐existing studies evaluating OHI, this paper examines 5 key search terms for GPP‐ 3 medical and 2 laymen. For each search term, the results were evaluated based on HONcode accreditation, an enhanced DISCERN analysis and a number of readability indices. Of the 500 websites evaluated, 84 (16.8%) were HONcode‐accredited. Mean DISCERN scores of all websites were 74.9% and 38.6% for website reliability and treatment sections, respectively, demonstrating key gaps in comprehensiveness and reliability of GPP‐specific OHI. Additionally, only 4/100 websites (4%) analysed for readability were written at the NIH‐recommended sixth‐grade level. Academic websites were significantly more difficult to read than governmental websites. This further exacerbates the patient information gap, particularly for patients with low health literacy, who may already be at higher risk of not receiving timely medical care.
Long‐term policymaking and politicians' beliefs about voters: Evidence from a 3‐year panel study of politicians
Authors: Sheffer Lior , Loewen Peter John , Lucas Jack
Published: February 2023

Politicians are required to make policy decisions that involve short‐term and long‐term tradeoffs, and existing theory largely expects election‐driven myopic thinking to dominate their reasoning when they do so. Direct evidence on this is surprisingly absent, leaving open questions on whether and when politicians do support future‐oriented policies, and what factors, beyond the shadow of elections, influence such choices. Responding to this gap, we report results of a multi‐year survey of more than 1500 elected politicians who faced an original decision task involving short‐term and long‐term solutions to a local policy problem. First, we show that politicians' theories of voting behavior—specifically, their beliefs about whether voters focus on the short or the long term—strongly predict their decisions when facing inter‐temporal policy tradeoffs. Second, we show that politicians are responsive to changes to short‐run costs associated with long‐term policy investments. Finally, we leverage the panel design of our study and find—in contrast to prevalent assumptions—no evidence that politicians' policy choices are related to their proximity to the next election. In doing so, we expand and refine the theoretical framework on inter‐temporal choice by policymakers, and outline a comparative research agenda for studying how politicians think about the future.
Effect of the environmental factor of coexistence on the physical condition of people with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Cruz Carmen , del‐Cuerpo Indya , García‐Ramos Amador , Muñoz‐López Saray , Rubio‐Cabeza José , Roman‐Espinaco Andrés
Published: February 2023

Background

The main objective of this study was to compare the physical condition of people with intellectual disabilities living in residential homes (RH; restricted residential environment) versus independent homes (IH; family houses while performing paid work). The effect of gender on physical condition was also evaluated separately for each group.

Method

Sixty individuals with mild to moderate intellectual disability, 30 living in RH and 30 living in IH, participated in this study. The RH and IH groups were homogeneous in terms of gender distribution (17 males and 13 females) and intellectual disability level. Body composition, postural balance, and static and dynamic force were considered as dependent variables.

Results

The IH group performed better in the postural balance and dynamic force tests compared to the RH group, but no significant differences between the groups were observed for any body composition or static force variable. Women in both groups tended to have better postural balance than men, while men presented higher dynamic force.

Conclusions

The IH group presented a higher physical fitness compared to RH group. This result emphasises the need to increase the frequency and intensity of the physical activity sessions commonly programed for individuals living in RH.
Retrieving records of a rare and threatened shark in a mosaic of marine‐protected areas of southeastern Brazil
Authors: Santos Paulo R. S. , Klafke Kaliandra , Gadig Otto B. F. , Garrone‐Neto Domingos
Published: February 2023

In this study the authors use the Fishers ecological knowledge (FEK) from the south coast of the São Paulo State, in southeastern Brazil, to recover records of Atlantic nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum), a threatened with extinction species, in a mosaic of marine‐protected areas (MPAs) of the south coast of São Paulo, in southeastern Brazil, in the southernmost distribution of the species in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean. For half a century, in the study area only one male of G. cirratum was officially recorded, in 1967. Retrieving records from artisanal fishers, recreational anglers, fishing guides and spearfishers added 30 more records of G. cirratum, including 2 recent captures (February/2022 and May/2022), especially around coastal islands that are covered by MPAs. Two uncommon fishing techniques, but which provided the highest number of records for the species, were documented. These are fishing nets and small longlines adapted for fishing close to the rocks, being an apparently traditional activity of a few natives of the region. As Brazil has a long history of intense catches of threatened elasmobranchs and problems with fisheries monitoring, the consideration of the FEK in the fisheries monitoring carried out by the authorities can be useful to promote improvements in data collection, especially of rare and endangered species such as G. cirratum. The strengthening of the protection of the MPAs and the articulation of research and management institutions with native people and tourists who use these areas should also be considered.
Newer glucose‐lowering drugs and risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Tang Huilin , Shao Hui , Shaaban C. Elizabeth , Yang Keming , Brown Joshua , Anton Stephen , Wu Yonghui , Bress Adam , Donahoo William T. , DeKosky Steven T. , Bian Jiang , Guo Jingchuan
Published: February 2023

Background

Preclinical studies have suggested potential beneficial effects of newer glucose‐lowering drugs (GLDs) including dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs), and sodium glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, in protecting humans against cognitive decline and dementia. However, population studies aiming to demonstrate such cognitive benefits from newer GLDs have produced mixed findings. This meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the association between newer GLDs and risk of dementia in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods

Electronic databases were searched up to March 11, 2022 to include observational studies that examined the association between DPP‐4 inhibitors, GLP‐1RAs, and SGLT2 inhibitors and risk of dementia (including all‐cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease [AD], and vascular dementia [VD]) in people with T2D. We conducted a random‐effects meta‐analysis to calculate the relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for each class of newer GLD.

Results

Ten studies (from nine articles) involving 819,511 individuals with T2D were included. Three studies found that SGLT2 inhibitor users had a lower risk of all‐cause dementia than non‐SGLT2 inhibitor users (RR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.39–0.97). Five studies found that users versus nonusers of GLP‐1RAs were associated with a significant reduction in the risk of all‐cause dementia (RR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.54–0.97). However, a meta‐analysis for AD and VD was unavailable for SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP‐1RAs because only one study was included for each drug. In seven studies, users vs. nonusers of DPP‐4 inhibitors were significantly associated with a decreased risk of all‐cause dementia (RR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.74–0.94) and VD (RR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.47–0.75) but not AD (RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.63–1.08).

Conclusion

Newer GLDs were associated with a decreased risk of all‐cause dementia in people with T2D. Because of the observational nature and significant heterogeneity between studies, the results should be interpreted with caution. Further research is warranted to confirm our findings.
Developmental factors influencing bone strength in precocial mammals: An infant pig model
Authors: Magrini Samantha H. , Mossor Angela M. , German Rebecca Z. , Young Jesse W.
Published: February 2023

Most vertebrates are precocial in locomotion, able to walk and run soon after birth. Precociality requires a bony skeleton of sufficient strength to resist mechanical loading during early locomotor efforts. The aim of this study was to use an animal model—the preterm infant pig—to investigate some of the proximate factors that might determine variation in bone strength in precocial animals. Based on the prior literature, we tested the null predictions that skeletal integrity would be significantly compromised by truncated gestation (i.e., preterm birth) and reduced body mass at birth. We generated a suite of both morphometric measures (tissue mineral density and cross‐sectional geometry) and performance‐related metrics (ability to resist loading, deformation, and fracture during three‐point bending tests) of the appendicular skeleton of preterm and full‐term infant pigs. Results showed that very few measures in our ontogenetic infant pig sample significantly varied with either gestation length or birth mass. Overall, our results contribute to a growing body of literature demonstrating the early functional capacity of the precocial infant musculoskeletal system and suggest that bone strength in perinatal precocial mammals may be robust to the factors shown to compromise skeletal integrity in more altricial taxa.
The affective, behavioural and cognitive outcomes of agile project management: A preliminarymeta‐analysis
Authors: Koch Jan , Drazic Ivana , Schermuly Carsten C.
Published: February 2023

Agile project management (APM) refers to a set of project management frameworks that are increasingly common in a range of industries. Even though the positive effects of APM for employees and organizations are widely assumed, no systematic account of affective, behavioural and cognitive outcomes appears in the academic literature. In this pre‐registered meta‐analysis, we examine the effects of APM based onK = 40 records (withk = 41 independent studies,N = 73,825). Our analyses indicate the beneficial effects of APM across outcomes: For the affective outcomes of job satisfaction, affective strain and organizational commitment, the effect sizes were, on average, small. For the behavioural outcomes of performance and innovative behaviour, the effect sizes were medium to large. For the cognitive outcome of psychological empowerment, the results of our meta‐analysis suggest a medium effect. Furthermore, we explore the moderating effects of contextual (team size, occupational groups, culture) and methodological boundary conditions (publication status, study design, levels of analysis, study quality). Compared to studies conducted with software developers, the effect sizes are stronger in other occupations, such as manufacturing, health care and logistics. Moreover, stronger effect sizes are found in published than in unpublished records. We conclude by discussing the state of quantitative APM research and highlight avenues for future study.
Acute and long‐term sleep measurements produce opposing results on sleep quality in 8 and 12 hour shift patterns in law enforcement officers
Authors: Sharma Leona , Pedlar Charles R. , Burgess Paul W. , Kanagasabai Sharlenee , Ronca Flaminia
Published: February 2023

The occupational demands of law enforcement increase the risk of poor‐quality sleep, putting officers at risk of adverse physical and mental health. This cross‐sectional study aimed to characterise sleep quality in day workers, 8 and 12 h rotating shift pattern workers. One hundred eighty‐six officers volunteered for the study (37 female, age: 41 ± 7). Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index, actigraphy and the Leeds sleep evaluation questionnaire. The maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) was measured on a treadmill via breath‐by‐breath analysis. There was a 70% overall prevalence of poor sleepers based on Pittsburgh sleep quality index scores, where 8 h shifts exhibited the worst prevalence (92%, p = 0.029), however, there was no difference between age, gender, or role. In contrast, 12 h shifts exhibited the poorest short‐term measures, including awakening from sleep (p = 0.039) and behaviour following wakefulness (p = 0.033) from subjective measures, and poorer total sleep time (p = 0.024) and sleep efficiency (p = 0.024) from the actigraphy. High VO2max predicted poorer wake after sleep onset (Rsq = 0.07, p = 0.05) and poorer sleep latency (p = 0.028). There was no relationship between the Pittsburgh sleep quality index scores and any of the short‐term measures. The prevalence of poor sleepers in this cohort was substantially higher than in the general population, regardless of shift pattern. The results obtained from the long‐ and short‐term measures of sleep quality yielded opposing results, where long‐term perceptions favoured the 12 h pattern, but short‐term subjective and objective measures both favoured the 8 h pattern.
Dietary aflatoxin exposure of lactating mothers of children 0–6 months in Makueni County, Kenya
Authors: Ogallo Isaac O. , Kaindi Dasel W. M. , Abong George O. , Mwangi Alice M.
Published: February 2023

The southeastern region of Kenya is prone to aflatoxin outbreaks, yet maternal and infant aflatoxin intake levels remain unclear. We determined dietary aflatoxin exposure of 170 lactating mothers breastfeeding children aged 6 months and below in a descriptive cross‐sectional study involving aflatoxin analysis of maize‐based cooked food samples (n = 48). Their socioeconomic characteristics, food consumption patterns and postharvest handling of maize were determined. Aflatoxins were determined using high‐performance liquid chromatography and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistical Package Software for Social Sciences (SPSS version 27) and Palisade's @Risk software. About 46% of the mothers were from low‐income households, and 48.2% had not attained the basic level of education. A generally low dietary diversity was reported among 54.1% of lactating mothers. Food consumption pattern was skewed towards starchy staples. Approximately 50% never treated their maize, and at least 20% stored their maize in containers that promote aflatoxin contamination. Aflatoxin was detected in 85.4% of food samples. The mean of total aflatoxin was 97.8 μg/kg (standard deviation [SD], 57.7), while aflatoxin B1 was 9.0 μg/kg (SD, 7.7). The mean dietary intake of total aflatoxin and aflatoxin B1 was 7.6 μg/kg/b.w.t/day (SD, 7.5) and 0.6 (SD, 0.6), respectively. Dietary aflatoxin exposure of lactating mothers was high (margin of exposure < 10,000). Sociodemographic characteristics, food consumption patterns and postharvest handling of maize variably influenced dietary aflatoxin exposure of the mothers. The high prevalence and presence of aflatoxin in foods of lactating mothers are a public health concern and calls for the need to devise easy‐to‐use household food safety and monitoring measures in the study area.
Differences between adult and pediatric chronic spontaneous urticaria from a cohort of 751 patients: Clinical features, associated conditions and indicators of treatment response
Authors: Özçeker Deniz , Can Pelin Kuteyla , Terzi Özlem , Ornek Sinem Ayşe , Değirmentepe Ece Nur , Kızıltac Kübra , Sarac Esra , Kocatürk Emek
Published: February 2023

Background

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a common disease both in the pediatric and in the adult population. However, there are differences between the two patient populations with respect to etiological factors, comorbidities, and treatment responses. Our aim was to determine differences between pediatric and adult CSU in terms of clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, comorbidities, response to treatment, and indicators of response.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of CSU patients was performed. Data regarding differences between pediatric and adult CSU patients were analyzed. Indicators of treatment response were determined separately in both pediatric and adult patients.

Results

Of 751 CSU patients (162 pediatrics and 589 adults), female dominancy (48.8% vs. 69.6%) and rate of angioedema (19.1% vs. 59.8%) were lower, and disease duration (5 months vs. 12 months) was shorter in pediatric patients. Anti‐TPO positivity (24.7% vs. 9%), elevated CRP (46.5% vs. 11.1%), eosinopenia (38.5% vs. 18.1%), and skin prick test positivity (39.3% vs. 28.8%) were significantly more frequent in adult patients. Response to antihistamines was higher in the pediatric group, and only 7% used omalizumab versus 20.8% in the adults. The comparisons were also performed between <12‐year and ≥12‐year patients and yielded similar results.

Conclusion

Pediatric CSU shows distinct characteristics such as lower incidence of angioedema and antithyroid antibodies, and it responds better to antihistamines. These suggest that CSU becomes more severe and refractory in adolescents and adults. Adolescent CSU shows features similar to adult CSU rather than pediatric CSU.
Analyzing indirect economic impacts of wildfire damages on regional economies
Authors: Kim Euijune , Kwon Younghyun John
Published: February 2023

This article estimates the economic impacts of wildfire damage on Korea's regional economies, developing an integrated disaster‐economic system for Korea. The system is composed of four modules: an interregional computable general equilibrium (ICGE) model for the eastern mountain area (EMA) and the rest of Korea, a Bayesian wildfire model, a transportation demand model, and a tourist expenditure model. The model has a hierarchical structure, with the ICGE model serving as a core module to link to three other modules. In the impact analysis of a wildfire, three external shocks are injected into the ICGE model: (1) the wildfire damaged area derived from the Bayesian wildfire model, (2) changes in travel times among cities and counties derived from the transportation demand model, and (3) variations in visitors’ expenditures derived from the tourist expenditure model. The simulation shows that the gross regional product (GRP) of the EMA would decrease by 0.25% to 0.55% without climate change and by 0.51%–1.23% with climate change. This article contributes to the development of quantitative linkages between macro and micro spatial models in a bottom‐up system for the impact analysis of disasters, integrating a regional economic model with a place‐based disaster model and the demands of tourism and transportation.
A comparison of the Sepsis‐2 and Sepsis‐3 definitions for assessment of mortality risk in dogs with parvovirus
Authors: Turley Kelsey , Bracker Kiko , Fernan Catherine , Gao Emily , Orsky Alexandra , Yang Danni , Sinnott‐Stutzman Virginia
Published: February 2023

Objective

To evaluate the use of a modified Sepsis‐3 (mSepsis‐3) definition compared to the currently used modified Sepsis‐2 (mSepsis‐2) definition to determine whether the mSepsis‐2 or mSepsis‐3 stratifications were able to identify populations of dogs ultimately more likely to die from canine parvovirus (CPV) infection.

Design

Retrospective, January 2009 to March 2020.

Setting

A private, small animal, urban, referral emergency and specialty hospital.

Animals

Fifty‐nine client‐owned dogs hospitalized for treatment of CPV.

Interventions

None.

Measurements and Main Results

Dogs were divided into mSepsis‐2 and mSepsis‐3 categories based on the highest level of illness severity reached during hospitalization. Greater illness severity based on mSepsis‐2 criteria (ie, sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock) was associated with an increase in average length of stay (P < 0.001), increase in average cost of stay (P < 0.01), and presence of leukopenia (P < 0.05). An increase in illness severity within the mSepsis‐2 criteria was not associated with hyperlactatemia (P = 0.29), presence of neutropenia (P = 0.12), or mortality (P = 0.35). Greater illness severity based on mSepsis‐3 criteria (ie, infection only, sepsis, septic shock) was associated with an increase in mortality (P < 0.05), increase in average length of stay (P < 0.001), increase in average cost of stay (P < 0.01), presence of leukopenia (P < 0.01), and presence of neutropenia (P < 0.05). The mSepsis‐3 criteria were not associated with the presence of hyperlactatemia (P = 0.68). There was no significant difference between survivors and nonsurvivors in the presence of leukopenia (P = 0.19), neutropenia (P = 0.67), or hyperlactatemia (P = 0.58).

Conclusions

The mSepsis‐3 diagnostic criteria appear to better identify dogs with CPV at higher risk for mortality compared to the mSepsis‐2 criteria.
ACTUATOR AND SENSOR FAULT COMPENSATION USING PROPORTIONAL-PROPORTIONAL INTEGRAL OBSERVER FOR FUZZY TRACKING CONTROL OF PENDULUM-CART SYSTEM
Authors: Agustinah Trihastuti , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Rizal Yusie
Published: February 2023

The pendulum-cart system is a popular system plant as a case study in nonlinear control design and implementation. The controllability and system performance can be influenced by the effectivity of the actuator and sensor. However, actuator and sensor fault sometimes is inevitable and can be occurred during operation. This paper considers fault-tolerant control (FTC) to minimize the actuator and sensor fault. The control objective is to track the sinusoidal reference position of the cart while the pendulum is maintained upright in which the faulty actuator and sensor occurred. Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy tracking control is designed based on a compensator scheme where the Proportional-Proportional Integral Observer (PPIO) is utilized for this scheme. The Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) are used to calculate the controller and observer gains. The performance of the proposed controller is verified through simulation and experimental validation. The effectiveness of FTC in the case of actuator and sensor fault is given. The system responses for the compensated and uncompensated controllers (to track the reference signal) are compared. In the case of a sensor fault, only the compensated controller can converge to the reference signal. However, in the case of actuated fault, both compensated and uncompensated controllers converge to the reference signal but the error of the compensated controller is better than the other one.
DETERMINATION OF PETROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES CUTOFF IN HETEROLITHIC RESERVOIRS IN MALAY BASIN
Authors: Kampit Stanley Jaul , Kamaruddin Samira Albati , Sidek Akhmal , Rejab Rodziah , Anas Zulkarnain , Mohd Azam Mohd Nor Hisham
Published: February 2023

Thinly bedded sand-shale heterolithic are commonly found as a marginal reservoir in the Malay Basin. In the evaluation of heterolithic reservoirs, a key challenge is to determine the appropriate petrophysical properties cutoff. This study used the Modular Dynamic Tester (MDT) pressure tests to determine the appropriate petrophysical properties cutoff applicable to heterolithic intervals. Intrinsic permeability analysis and MDT mobility plots were used to determine the cutoffs for shale volume and total porosity. Subsequently, hydrocarbon pore volume thickness (with shale volume and porosity cutoff applied) was plotted against water saturation to determine the water saturation cut-off value. In this case study, the reservoir cutoffs applied are shale volume less than 60% and total porosity in excess of 12 %. The hydrocarbon pay cutoff was set at a water saturation less than 85 %.
NATURAL VS. SYNTHETIC REPELLENTS ON TREATED CLOTHING: ADVANTAGES, CHALLENGES AND THEIR EFFICACY
Authors: Mohd Darwis Rabiatul Adawiyah , Che Ros Fadhlina , Osman Nurul Huda , Abdul Halim Norhana
Published: February 2023

Arthropod-borne viruses have become a major threat to human health worldwide. The implementation of personal protection through clothing is necessary to avoid insect bites, especially for military operations and public health emergencies. Development of synthetic repellents in clothing impregnation has been well-established whilst, numerous studies regarding the application of essential oils on textile substrates have been carried out to develop their use as an alternative to synthetic repellents. The present review attempts to give a general overview and summarize the current technology used in treated clothing, as well as the advantages, challenges, limitations, and factors that may affect the performance of synthetic repellents and essential oils in textiles. Current research trends in developing more effective repellents from essential oils are also summarized.
Pain and Hopelessness among Indian Farmers: An Analysis of Deepa Bhatia’s Nero’s Guests
Authors: T Deepika , R Bhuvaneswari
Published: February 2023

Nero’s Guests (2009) is a documentary film directed by Deepa Bhatia on farmers’ suicide in India. It documents the suicide of farmers harvesting cotton crops. Sainath P, journey across villages in India, to investigate the motive behind farmers’ suicide. Sainath mentions the shortcomings of the Green Revolution — the use of HYV seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides results in higher costs of crop production and so the profit declines and debts escalate. This hopeless situation of the farmers prevail all over the country and force them to end their lives. The pain of farmers is incomprehensible due to debts, lack of water, rapid urbanization, and insurmountable pressure to run the family and farming despite losses. This paper focuses on David Klonsky and Alexis May’s Three- Step Theory (2015). The theory identifies four important factors such as pain, hopelessness, connection, and capability for suicide. This study aims to bring out the overlooked state of the farmers and the agrarian economy of India in the light of pain and hopelessness in David Klonsky and Alexis May's Three Step- Theory (2015).
Los beneficios de la telepsicología para la relación docencia-servicio en el contexto de pandemia: Una reseña crítica
Authors: Moreno Méndez Jaime Humberto
Published: February 2023

Revisión crítica del artículo: Colón Llamas, T., Escobar Altare, A., Bermúdez Jaimes, M. E., López Sánchez, M. C., Castellanos Urrego, S. G., & Ramírez Castro, M. F. (2022). Telepsicología en un centro de atención psicológica universitario durante el COVID-19: Experiencias de consultantes y estudiantes. Universitas Psychologica, 21, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.upsy21.tcap
Some Thoughts about Longitudinal Wave Machines
Authors: Greenslade Thomas B.
Published: February 2023

Readers of this journal will perhaps remember that I have long been interested in wave machines. Transverse waves are easy for students to visualize; for most of their lives, they have seen transverse water waves, waves on jump ropes, etc. However, despite the fact that every piece of information that they hear is delivered by longitudinal waves, they cannot visualize them. This article is devoted to various ways to illustrate longitudinal waves with various wave machines.
Refrigerator Magnet Investigation
Authors: Daubert Allison , Jerman Žan , Planinsic Gorazd
Published: February 2023

Refrigerator magnets belong to a group of simple devices that we use all the time but rarely question how they work. While refrigerator magnets have received considerable attention in physics education literature, the focus of these papers was mainly on the explanations of their structure or demonstrations of the structure of the magnetic layer. The goal of the present paper is to describe a set of activities that can be performed with general physics students to help them understand how refrigerator magnets are constructed and to simultaneously engage them in such science practices as creating and evaluating models, developing predictions based on hypotheses, performing experiments to evaluate the proposed hypothesis, and switching between different representations. This sequence of activities follows the logical progression of the Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE) approach. We piloted all materials with high school physics students, undergraduate physics majors, and graduate level physics education students, and revised based on student feedback. All courses where we implemented the activities were ISLE-based courses; therefore, the students were accustomed to working in groups devising explanations, devising experiments to test them, and sharing their ideas with the rest of the class. All activities that we propose require only the equipment that students commonly have at home (the most sophisticated is a smartphone with a magnetic field sensor). Therefore, the activities can also be used while teaching online. These activities took between 45 and 90 min for the students to complete. The students found them valuable and interesting.