bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perfil clínico-cognitivo pós-evento cerebrovascular de pacientes atendidos em ambulatório de neurologia
Authors: Moreira Neto Adalberto Alves , Andrade Carolina Leão Menezes , Muniz José Robertto Bueno , Ruiz Julia Alves , Barros Larissa Navarro , Luz Maíra Fontel da , Veloso Renato de Andrade , Machado Giovanna Santana , Soares Romária Emanuela Carvalho Santos , Pinto Maria Joana da Silva
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico-cognitivo dos pacientes atendidos em ambulatório de neurologia. Métodos: O estudo é analítico, de corte transversal, unicêntrico e vale-se de critérios quantitativos que contou com 20 pacientes com história patológica pregressa de Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE), que procuraram espontaneamente atendimento no ambulatório. Os pacientes foram submetidos à aplicação de uma Avaliação Geral/Antropometria e ao Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM). Resultados: Acerca dos dados, destaca-se que 55% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino, com idade média geral de 71,15 anos, com no máximo 3 AVEs/pessoa. A Relação Cintura-Quadril atestou maior risco cardiovascular às mulheres, enquanto para homens a atenção se deu a 3 pacientes que eram obesos, configurando risco potencial para ocorrência de novos episódios. A Hipertensão foi a comorbidade mais verificada, além de alta incidência de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 e Dislipidemia, entidades patológicas ligadas à maior fragilidade vascular. Acerca da interpretação do MEEM, obteve-se escore maior entre os mais escolarizados, destacando que entre o grupo com 1-4 anos de estudo, 50% dos pacientes pontuaram zero, em vista de sequelas próprias do AVE. Conclusão: É necessário incentivo para novas produções que avaliem perfis clínicos e cognitivos com enfoque local, possibilitando análises comparativas mais fidedignas.
A hemorragia digestiva alta varicosa: perfil clínico e epidemiológico
Authors: Mesquita Yanne Carolline Silva , Almeida Lilian Silva Mendonça , Palacios Manuel Renato Retamozo , Tavares Fernanda Silveira , Borges Jordana de Melo , Palhares Sophia Ambrósio , Melo Gislane Ferreira de , Rosa Thiago dos Santos
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Traçar o perfil clínico e epidemiológico de pacientes submetidos à endoscopia digestiva alta, com achado de hemorragia digestiva alta varicosa. Métodos: Abordagem descritiva, retrospectiva e transversal. Foram revisados registros médicos de pacientes atendidos em um hospital entre junho de 2021 e junho de 2023. Para a análise dos dados foi construída planilha eletrônica no programa Excel®, onde os dados foram organizados e tabulados. Foi feita análise estatística descritiva e cálculos de medida de associação. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: O estudo em questão analisou 31 pacientes, a maioria homens, com idade entre 61-80 anos e diagnosticada com hipertensão arterial sistêmica. A etiologia alcoólica para as varizes foi a mais prevalente. Na endoscopia digestiva alta, foi observado que a maior parte das varizes eram de grosso calibre, foram vistos red spots e havia sinais de gastropatia hipertensiva. Grande parte dos pacientes, apresentou como desfecho final o óbito secundário à hemorragia digestiva alta. Conclusão: Destaca-se a importância da rápida identificação e intervenção em pacientes com hemorragia digestiva alta varicosa, evidenciando-se também algumas limitações metodológicas. Os achados reforçam a necessidade de estratégias preventivas e otimização do tratamento nesse grupo populacional.
Enterocolite necrosante e ventriculomegalia pós-hemorrágica nos cuidados de enfermagem neonatal
Authors: Miranda Rafaella Manhoni Lima de , Baptista Simone Cristina Paixão Dias , Serafim Clarita Terra Rodrigues
Published: September 2024

pós-hemorrágica, integrando o Processo de Enfermagem de acordo com a taxonomia II da NANDA-I, NOC e NIC. Detalhamento do caso: Trata-se de um paciente neonatal, com idade de um mês e um dia, diagnosticado com enterocolite necrosante avançada e ventriculomegalia pós-hemorrágica. O diagnóstico possui relação com fatores perinatais, como a presença de nó verdadeiro de cordão e hipoxemia. A sistematização do cuidado foi utilizada como método, tendo como referencial teórico o Modelo Conceitual de Wanda Horta, que se baseia na Teoria das Necessidades Básicas Humanas, sendo a ferramenta para classificar e priorizar os diagnósticos de enfermagem. Após a análise do caso, foram levantados 9 diagnósticos, sendo 8 deles pertencentes às necessidades psicobiológicas e 1, às necessidades psicossociais. Cinco desses diagnósticos de enfermagem foram priorizados com metas e intervenções. Considerações finais: Após a execução do Processo de Enfermagem utilizando como base o referencial teórico, foi possível estabelecer diagnósticos de enfermagem prioritários e explorar as patologias e suas decorrências, permeando a esfera de cuidado do paciente crítico.
Nephrology in Karnataka
Authors: Ramachandra Rao Indu , Janardhana Anupama Y. , Ravindra Prabhu Attur
Published: September 2024

Karnataka, a southern Indian state, exhibits a vibrant cultural and economic landscape. This paper provides an overview of nephrology services in Karnataka, drawing on government data, a literature review, and a survey of 147 dialysis centers and hospitals. The inception of nephrology in Karnataka dates to the early 1970s. Kidney care services have remained primarily centered in the capital city of Bengaluru. There are around 200 nephrologists and 300 dialysis centers (168 under the Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Program), with hemodialysis being the predominant modality. Transplant services are offered in 69 centers, most in the capital city. Nephrology training is offered at 20 centers. Challenges remain, including the uneven distribution of services, fluctuating dialysis costs, and restricted access to peritoneal and home dialysis. There is a lack of comprehensive epidemiological data, necessitating the establishment of a statewide CKD registry.
Effect of Music Therapy on Quality of Life in Geriatric Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sukumar M. , Thanneeru Suresh Kumar , Sutar Roshan Fakirchand , Sahu Anjan , Agrawal Amit
Published: September 2024

The older population is susceptible to dementia, Alzheimer’s and depression. A growing elderly population poses a burden on caregivers and society. If their cognitive and psychological health is maintained, they may not need to depend on others for their needs, thereby reducing the burden on caregivers. This, in turn, may lead to a decrease in the necessity for consulting healthcare providers for psychological health, subsequently reducing the overall cost of healthcare. There are numerous options for improving cognitive and mental health in the elderly, one of which is music therapy (MT). In this systematic review, we aim to demonstrate the efficacy of MT in enhancing psychological health among the geriatric population afflicted with dementia and depression. A systematic search was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines across PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane databases. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that explored the use of MT in elderly patients with or without depression, dementia, or Alzheimer’s. Non-RCTs, retrospective and prospective observational studies, case reports, and case series were excluded. Out of 76 records identified, eight articles were selected for qualitative synthesis and three for meta-analysis. These studies, conducted between 2010 and 2020, involved a total of 605 subjects, with 330 receiving MT and the remainder serving as controls. The interventions varied in terms of music type, duration, and setting, with outcome measures including depression scales, quality of life assessments, and cognitive examinations. The meta-analysis of depression scores indicated a positive effect of MT, though a wide confidence interval warrants caution. The quality assessment revealed varying risks of bias, highlighting the need for further research to confirm the positive role of MT. In conclusion, MT emerges as a promising intervention, but it is accompanied by considerable limitations and heterogeneity among studies. This emphasizes the need for further RCTs that specifically address the identified limitations, including issues related to sample size, control group selection, and potential confounding factors. Conducting more robust research in these areas is crucial to establishing a clearer understanding of the therapeutic benefits of music in the elderly population.
Clarifying baseline seismicity for a geotechnical survey site at Gross mining and processing plant
Authors: Grib N. N. , Kolodeznikov I. I. , Grib G. V.
Published: September 2024

The Gross mining and processing plant under reconstruction is located in southwestern Yakutia, within a territory classified as earthquake-prone. According to the OSR 2015 map with indices A, B, C, the seismicity of the construction area is 9, 9 and 10 points MSK-64 scale, respectively.

Despite significant research experience in clarifying the general seismic zoning, the issues of interpreting the source materials, as well as the results obtained, may be ambiguous. In confirmation of this, it can be noted that over the past 25 years four generations of general seismic zoning maps (OSR 97, OSR 2012, OSR 2015, OSR 2016) followed one another.

The relevance of research is determined not only by the seismic safety of construction projects, but also by their economic component. Thus, 1-point seismic hazard increase entails 13% to 20% construction cost increase.

The aim of the research is to specify the level of baseline seismicity for survey areas using the methodology of probabilistic seismic hazard analysis with respect to the regional seismotectonic conditions of the Gross mining and processing plant construction area.

As a result of the analysis of materials from geodynamic active neotectonic zones, the presence of active structures capable of generating earthquakes with magnitudes М = 6.5 – 7.0 was established.

A probabilistic assessment of the parameters of seismic impacts was carried out: macroseismic intensity (in MSK-64 points), peak accelerations and response spectra, for the case of earthquakes of the maximum possible magnitude Mmax, at the minimum possible distance R from the study area of ​​the projected construction of objects, was carried out using the EAST-2016 software.

The specified level of seismic hazard for return periods of 500, 1000 and 5000 years are I = 8, I = 8.3 and 9.1 points MSK-64 scale, respectively.
COMPLEX MODIFICATION OF BITUMEN BINDERS WITH FUNCTIONALIZED POLYMER ADDITIVES
Authors: Полоник В.Д. , Наумова Ю.А. , Ковалева А.Н.
Published: September 2024

Непрерывно возрастающие требования к долговечности автодорог требует применения модифицированных битумных вяжущих для производства асфальтобетонных смесей. Одним из способов повышения качества является использование полимерных добавок для модификации битума, среди которых наиболее актуальными являются функционализированные полимеры. Целью работы было установление эффективности применения функционализированных глицедилметакриалотом сополимеров этилена (НП ООО «Койда Нова», Республика Беларусь) при производстве битумных вяжущих. Проведены исследования физико-химических и эксплуатационных характеристики битумных вяжущих. Выполнена оценка их верхней температуры эксплуатации по классификации PG (Performance Grade), которая основана на методологии Superpave, согласно определению сдвиговой устойчивости по параметрам колееобразования и критической температуры эксплуатации. Установлено, что применение исследуемых добавок для модификации битума позволяет получать асфальтобетонные покрытия с повышенной стойкостью к образованию колеи пластичности. Использование данных модифицирующих добавок не требует изменения технологии получения битумных вяжущих и может успешно применяться на типовом оборудовании асфальтобетонных заводов или предприятий по производству модифицированных битумов.

The continuously increasing requirements for the durability of roads require the use of modified bitumen binders for the production of asphalt concrete mixtures. One of the directions is the use of polymer additives for bitumen modification. One of the relevant directions is the use of functionalized polymers. The aim of the work was to establish the effect of ethylene copolymers functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate on the properties of bitumen binders. Studies of the physico-chemical and operational characteristics of bitumen binders were carried out. The upper operating temperatures were studied according to the PG (Performance Grade) classification, which are based on the Superpave methodology and allow us to determine shear stability according to the parameters of track formation and the critical operating temperature. The use of the studied additives for bitumen modification will make it possible to obtain asphalt concrete coatings with increased resistance to the formation of a plasticity track. The use of such modifying additives does not require a change in the technology for obtaining bitumen binders and can be successfully used on standard equipment of asphalt concrete plants or enterprises producing modified bitumen.
Our Georgy Nikolaevich Babakin (on 110th anniversary of the birth)
Authors: Моишеев А.А.
Published: September 2024

В статье, посвящённой 110-й годовщине со дня рождения Г.Н. Бабакина, приведён обзор его творческой деятельности. Особое внимание уделено годам его работы в качестве Главного конструктора в период начала работы предприятия по космическим проектам. За неполные 6 лет 15 автоматических космических станций серии «Луна», «Венера», «Марс» успешно выполнили свою программу

The article on the 110th anniversary of the birth of Georgy N. Babakin provides overview of his creative activity. A closer attention is paid to the years of his work as a Chief Designer during the early period of the enterprise’s space projects elaboration. In less than 6 years fifteen unmanned space stations of «Luna», «Venera», «Mars» series have successfully implemented its missions
Methodology for the parameters of the target system of a small spacecraft-communication as part of a low-orbit grouping of a space-communication system
Authors: Абдурахимов А.А. , Уханов И.Г. , Нечаев И.Ю.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассмотрена методика расчёта мощности целевой системы (ЦС) малого космического аппарата, в зависимости от условий его функционирования в составе орбитальной группировки (ОГ). Путём математического моделирования движения малого космического аппарата связи по орбите выполнен анализ условий видимости абонентов, находящихся в регионе обслуживания, а также определена требуемая пропускная способность на основе проведения большого количества опытов и случайного распределения абонентов по территории. Рассмотренные вопросы необходимо учитывать на этапе проектирования малых космических аппаратов

The article considers the method of calculation the power of the target system of a small spacecraft, depending on the condition of its functioning as part of an orbital grouping. By mathematical modeling of the motion of a small communication spacecraft in orbit, the analysis of the visibility conditions of subscribers located in service region was performed, and required bandwidth was determined based on a large number of experiments-and a random distribution of subscribes across the territory. The considered issues should be taken into account at the design of small space spacecraft.
Appearance of dark spots on the corrosion-resistant 95X18 steel surface resulting from the heat copper plating and available solutions for the issue in aerospace technology
Authors: Гончаров В.В. , Севастьянов А.С. , Григорьев П.С. , Плаксин А.М.
Published: September 2024

Специфика производства компонентов для космической техники определяет повышенные требования к качеству получаемых деталей. Поэтому любые нештатные ситуации в технологическом процессе изготовления деталей ответственного назначения являются поводом для пристального изучения. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы появления тёмных пятен на поверхности окончательно изготовленных деталей после медной металлизации, возможные причины и способы их устранения. Приводится оценка качества полученных деталей. Предложенные меры и проведённые исследования позволяют оптимизировать производственные затраты, что весьма востребовано для предприятий космической отрасли

The nature of aerospace technology components production demand higher quality standards. Thus, any contingency in technological process of critical components production is a cause for close analysis. The article deals with the appearance of dark spots on the components’ surface after heat copper plating, its possible reasons and the elimination solutions. An assessment of the produced components quality is given. The study performed and solutions proposed allow for production cost optimization being in high demand by space industry companies. Keywords: copper plating; heat treatment; oxidation
COVID-19, МИКРОБИОМ КИШЕЧНИКА И НАТУРАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОДУКТЫ ПИТАНИЯ (ОБЗОР)
Authors: Индершиев В.А. , Ералиева Л.Т. , Мусаев А.Т. , Мамбетова И.З. , Мусаев А.А. , Рахимбаева Ж.Б. , Джунусова Ж.С.
Published: September 2024

Одним из синдромов COVID-19 как в острой фазе, так и в периоде реконвалесценции, является диарейный синдром. Наличие РНК SARS-CoV-2 в стуле большого количества пациентов, перенесших COVID-19, говорит о связи между легкими и микробиомом кишечника. Согласно данным литературы, микробиом кишечника может стать как прогностическим маркером прогрессирования заболевания, приводя к синдрому мультисистемного воспаления, так и способствовать скорому выздоровлению пациентов с перенесенным COVID-19. Одним из методов реабилитации для данных пациентов является назначение эффективной диеты, включающей в себя продукты питания, обладающие антиоксидантным, мембраностабилизирующим действием. Таким образом, происходит уменьшение болезнетворной микробиомы и увеличение полезной микробиомы кишечника, что улучшает общий иммунный ответ у таких пациентов. Это может улучшить и ускорить выздоровление пациентов, находящихся в реабилитационном периоде после перенесенного COVID-19.
АНАЛИЗ РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТИ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ СРЕДИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ИЗ ГРУПП РИСКА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КАЗАХСТАН
Authors: Приходченко О.Г. , Алгазиева Г.Д. , Нажмиден А.Р. , Матжанова А.А. , Рамазанова З.А. , Раимова Г.Д.
Published: September 2024

Проблема распространения туберкулезной инфекции не только не перестала быть актуальной, но даже обострилась, так как возник риск реактивации туберкулеза у ранее перенесших болезнь, лиц с туберкулезной инфекцией на фоне снижения иммунитета. Выявление и лечение лиц с ТБИ – одна из ключевых рекомендаций ВОЗ, нацеленных на ликвидацию ТБ. Для диагностики ТБИ в РК используют в основном два вида тестов, Манту и ДИАСКИН-тест. Оба теста приемлемы, но несовершенны. В Республике Казахстан (далее – РК) тесты QuantiFERON (QFT)-TB и T.SPOT.TB используются дифференцированно и не входят в гарантированный объем бесплатной медицинской помощи (ГОБМП). Изучение ТБИ в РК, в современных условиях сохраняющейся эпидемии туберкулеза, является актуальной проблемой, так как знание резервуара туберкулезной инфекции позволит определить меры профилактики этой инфекции.
КОМПЬЮТЕРНАЯ ТОМОГРАФИЯ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ ОСЛОЖНЕНИЙ COVID-19 АССОЦИИРОВАННОЙ ПНЕВМОНИИ
Authors: Ашимбеков С.Ж. , Жолдыбай Ж.Ж. , Жакенова Ж.К. , Филиппенко Е.В. , Айнакулова А.С. , Маратова Ш.И. , Мухай А.А. , Игенбаев Е.Б.
Published: September 2024

В данной статье проанализированы данные компьютерной томографии органов грудной клетки 150 пациентов с тяжелым течением COVID-19 пневмонии и положительным результатом ПЦР на вирус SARS-CoV-2. При анализе результатов КТ исследований органов грудной клетки в 61,3% случаях выявлены патологические состояния, характерные для осложнений COVID-19 ассоциированной пневмонии. Наиболее частыми осложнениями явились острый респираторный дистресс-синдром (41,3%), микротромбоэмболия и тромбоэмболия легочной артерии и ее ветвей (21,7%), кардиогенный отек легких (18,5%). Компьютерная томография является методом выбора для визуализации как характерных симптомов, так и осложнений пневмонии, вызываемой SARS-CoV-2.
АҚТӨБЕ ОБЛЫСЫНДА 2017-2022 ЖЫЛДАРДАҒЫ ДИНАМИКАДАҒЫ ГЛАУКОМАДАН МҮГЕДЕКТІК КӨРСЕТКІШТЕРІ
Authors: Таушанова М.К. , Ермуханова Л.С. , Байсугурова В.Ю. , Тажбенова С.Т. , Сахипова Г.Ж. , Турдалина K.Б. , Курганбекова M.Б.
Published: September 2024

Бұл мақала Ақтөбе облысында 2017-2022 жылдар аралығындағы глаукома салдарынан мүгедектік көрсеткіштерінің динамикасын талдайды. Аталған мәселені түсініп, мүгедектіктің алдын алу мен басқарудың тиімді стратегияларын даярлау науқастардың өмір сүру сапасын жақсарту және аурудың әлеуметтік-экономикалық әсерін азайту үшін өте маңызды. Мақала глаукомамен салдарынан болған мүгедектіктің әртүрлі аспектілерін ұсынады және глаукомамен ауыратын науқастардың өмірін жақсарту үшін ерте диагностиканың, емдеудің және әлеуметтік қолдаудың маңыздылығына назар аудартады. Зерттеу мақсаты. 2017 — 2022 жылдар аралығындағы Ақтөбе облысының тұрғындары арасында глаукома бойынша мүгедектік көрсеткішін зерттеу және глаукома салдарынан мүгедектіктің алдын алудың тиімді стратегияларын ұсыну. Зерттеу материалы мен әдістері. Еңбек және халықты әлеуметтік қорғау комитетінің Ақтөбе облысы бойынша департаментінен 2017-2022 жылдар аралығында «глаукома» диагнозы салдарынан болған мүгедектер саны туралы мәліметтеріне ретроспективті зерттеу жүргізілді. Ақтөбе облысының 2017-2022 жылдар аралығындағы глаукома себебінен глаукома патологиясы бойынша мүгедектік топтары, біріншілік мүгедектік көрсеткіштері, мүгедектердің жасы, жынысы, білім деңгейі, куәландыру мақсатына талдау жүргізілді. Нәтижелер: Ақтөбе облысының ересек тұрғындарының мүгедектік құрылымында көру органдарының патологиясы арасында глаукома жетекші орын алып отыр. Қазіргі уақытта Ақтөбе облысында глаукома салдарынан болған мүгедектердің едәуір бөлігі негізінен глаукоманың бірінішілік ашық бұрышты түрі бар ер адамдар, көп жағдайда мүгедектіктің I немесе II тобы, бастауыш, орта немесе арнаулы орта білімі бар зейнеткерлер болып табылады. Талқылау: Көру мүшесінің салдарынан болған мүгедектіктің көрсеткіштері офтальмологиялық көмекті оңтайландыру және мүгедектерді оңалту жөніндегі шараларды әзірлеу үшін ақпараттық база болып табылады. Қайта куәландыру кезінде глаукома бойынша мүгедектіктің ауырлығының күшеюі оңалту іс-шараларының шамалы тиімділігін көрсетуі мүмкін, осыған байланысты көру органының патологиясы бар мүгедектердің денсаулығы мен әлеуметтік мәртебесін сақтауға және қалпына келтіруге бағытталған белсенді емдеу-оңалту іс-шараларын жүргізу қажеттілігі туындайды. Амбулаториялық-емханалық буындағы глаукоманы ерте диагностикалау іс-шараларының тиімділігі мен қолжетімділігі бойынша жұмысты күшейту қажет. Жоғарыда айтылғандардың барлығы глаукоманы ерте анықтауға, халықтың динамикалық мониторингін дамытуға, науқастарды заманауи медициналықхирургиялық көмекпен қамтамасыз етуге бағытталған шараларды әзірлеу қажеттілігін тудырады.
АБДОМИНАЛЬНЫЙ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗ, ОСЛОЖНЕННЫЙ АБСЦЕССОМ СЕЛЕЗЕНКИ (КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ)
Authors: Баймаханов А.Н. , Нурмаков Д.А. , Алматаев У.К. , Аркинжанов К.А. , Тулекеева А.С. , Раимханов А.Д. , Жуматаев Д.Т. , Алиев Н.Д.
Published: September 2024

Введение: Клинический случай представляет пациента с абдоминальным туберкулезом, осложненным абсцессом селезенки, требовавшим экстренного хирургического вмешательства. Методы: Обследование пациента включало в себя мультидисциплинарный подход, с акцентом на выявление абдоминального туберкулеза. Использование неинвазивных диагностических процедур на догоспитальном этапе. Результаты: Диагностика абдоминального туберкулеза представляла собой значительные трудности, подчеркивая важность высокой степени настороженности к данному заболеванию. Абсцесс селезенки выступил в качестве осложнения, требующего срочного хирургического вмешательства. Обсуждение: Предложен мультидисциплинарный подход к обследованию пациентов с подозрением на абдоминальный туберкулез. Широкое применение неинвазивных диагностических процедур на ранних стадиях может способствовать раннему выявлению заболевания и снижению риска неблагоприятного исхода. Заключение: Данный клинический случай подчеркивает важность ранней диагностики абдоминального туберкулеза и обосновывает необходимость широкого мультидисциплинарного подхода в подобных клинических сценариях.
Narrative literature review: Effect of Branched-chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) on muscle hypertrophy and athletic performance
Authors:   Akademeia High School, Poland, Stefańska Olga , Rudnicki Jakub ,   Akademeia High School, Poland, Szczepocki Matthew ,   Akademeia High School, Poland, Jurek Joanna Michalina ,   Akademeia High School, Poland,   Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili (IISPV), Spain
Published: September 2024

Background and Study Aim. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have received considerable attention in sports science due to their potential benefits in improving athletic performance and promoting muscle recovery. BCAAs including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential amino acids that are important for muscle protein physiology. To date, studies have shown positive effects of BCAA supplementation on muscle recovery, muscle soreness, and cognitive function. Hence, with the growing popularity of using dietary supplements for optimal athletic performance, this narrative literature review aims to investigate the role and potential of BCAA supplementation to influence muscle function and improve physical performance, while highlighting the potential benefits and side effects associated with their supplementation. Material and Methods. The current review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis) guidelines. Electronic databases including Web of Science (all databases), PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, were explored on June 11, 2022. Results. Based on recent evidence, BCAAs have been shown to reduce muscle damage, improve muscle recovery and repair, increase muscle protein synthesis, and maintain muscle mass during periods of energy restriction, however may also have some potential side effects such as liver damage, kidney dysfunction and negative effects on glucose metabolism. Conclusion. In conclusion, studies investigating the potential benefits of BCAAs obtained from supplementation and diet to improve athletic performance are promising due to their demonstrated effects in increasing muscle protein synthesis, reducing muscle soreness, and improving cognitive function under stress. Nevertheless, excessive supplementation should be avoided due to the potential risk of toxicity and side effects.
What is the physical condition profile of elderly women? Research looking at the level of flexibility
Authors:   Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sunan Giri, Indonesia, Dai Mohamad
Published: September 2024

Background and Study Aim. Age changes are believed to be one of the factors affecting a person's physical abilities. Decreased physical capacity will result in some direct interference in doing everyday activities. The research has made important contributions to the field of health and fitness of the elderly by providing empirical data on the physical condition and flexibility abilities of older women. Material and Methods. The research uses observational and cross-sectional designs. The sample in this study was 17 elderly women aged over 60. Data collection techniques use body height measurements using stadium meters, weight using digital scales and sit and reach to measure flexibility capabilities. Data analysis using the SPSS 22 application. Results. The results showed that the Body Time Index value of 21.6 was in the ideal category and flexibility ability had a value of 11.4 Cm which was in the good category. The findings of this study suggest that despite their old age, most subjects of the study have an ideal IMT and good flexibility, which is a positive indicator of their physical health. Conclusion. This data can be used by health professionals and fitness professionals to create more effective and targeted support programmes, as well as as an initial evaluation of the ability to monitor the progress of a fitness program.
Room temperature nucleophilic aromatic substitution of 2-halopyridinium ketene hemiaminals with sulfur nucleophiles
Authors: Merklin Jordan , Sinardo Beau , Majireck Max
Published: September 2024

2-Thiopyridines and their derivatives are a valuable class of bioactive compounds for drug discovery. Herein we report preliminary results of a simple mix-and-stir protocol for the synthesis of novel 2-thiopyridiniums leveraging the recently developed reagent, 2-chloro-1-(1-ethoxyvinyl)pyridinium triflate, and readily accessible thiol or thiolate nucleophiles.
Eu4Pd4Ge3 with the Nd4Rh4Ge3 Structure type: A Class of Transition metal Zintl phase with metal–metal bonding following the 18-n rule?
Authors: Ponou Simeon , Mudring Anja-Verena
Published: September 2024

The ternary phase Eu4Pd4Ge3 was obtained from the reaction of element mixtures at high temperature, using small silver additive and, its crystal structure was refined from single crystal diffraction data. It adopts the predicted Nd4Rh4Ge3 type structure (monoclinic space group C2/c, No 15) with unit cell parameters a = 21.474(7) Å; b = 5.869(2) Å, (β = 110.15(1)°), c = 8.100(3) Å and, V= 958.5(4) Å3 (Z = 4). This structure type is characterized by remarkable noble metal pairs that strongly interact with the surrounding tetrel elements (Si or Ge), and has been reported so far with the noble metals Rh or Pd only, in combination with either rare-earth or calcium as electropositive ‘active’ metals, respectively. Thus, the crystal structure of ternary phase Eu4Pd4Ge3 may be best viewed as a 1:1 intergrowth of fragments cut from the parent structures EuPd2Ge (YPd2Si type) and the imaginary “Eu3Pd2Ge2” (La3Ni2Ga2 type). All previously reported Pd (d10) based compounds are obtained with divalent Ca, while Rh (d9) based phases are with trivalent rare-earth. At first glance, the Nd4Rh4Ge3 type structural family forms a unique class of electron precise ‘transition metal Zintl phases’ featuring metal–metal bonding according to the 18-n rule. Therefore, the Pd phase with divalent Europium could be anticipated to comply with the 18-n rule as well, by assuming formally cationic Pd+ (d9), according to the formulation (Eu2+)4{(Pd2)2+}2(Ge4–)3 in close analogy with the prototype in which rather neutral Rh0 (d9) is assumed in combination with trivalent rare-earth (Nd3+)4{(Rh2)0}2(Ge4–)3.
A Critical Factor in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Studies: The Need to Understand the Chemistry of the Solvent Used
Authors: Bansal Shubham , Wang Binghe
Published: September 2024

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play critical roles in normal physiological processes including cellular signaling and immune responses. Various pathological conditions including infections of various types, inflammation, cancer, and respiratory conditions are associated with elevated levels of ROS. Therefore, there is widespread interest in understanding ROS concentrations under various pathophysiological conditions for diagnostic and therapeutic applications including ROS-triggered drug delivery. However, in determining ROS concentration, there are major concerns of inappropriate use of various methods that lead to erroneous results; this has prompted the publication of a consensus paper in Nature Metabolism by a group of ROS experts stating “Unfortunately, the application and interpretation of these measurements are fraught with challenges and limitations. This can lead to misleading claims.” Along this line, we have identified an overlooked factor, which can significantly skew the results and results interpretation: the organic co-solvent. DMSO is one of the most widely used organic co-solvent to dissolve a reagent for bioassays. Herein, we describe the rapid oxidation of DMSO by hypochlorite and how this oxidation impacts results of ROS determination in buffer, cell culture media, cell culture, and cell lysates. We hope to use this one example to draw attention to the convoluted roles that DMSO and possibly other organic co-solvents can play and skew experimental results. We also hope to stimulate additional studies to bring more rigor to studying ROS concentration and biology.
Impact of Halide (Cl vs I) Identity on the Migration of Ligands between Al and M (M = Co, Rh, Ir) in PAlP Pincer Complexes
Authors: Lee Samuel R. , Keawkla Natchayatorn , Sladek R. Noah , Bhuvanesh Nattamai , Surawatanawong Panida , Ozerov Oleg V.
Published: September 2024

Protolysis of AlMe3 or AlEt3 with 2-diisopropylphosphinopyrrole (1) resulted in alane/bis(phosphine) pincer ligands contain-ing two flanking phosphines and a central Al-Me (2-Me), Al-Et (2-Et) unit. Reactions of 2-Me with [(COD)MI]2 (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene; M = Rh or Ir) in the presence of pyridine produced pincer complexes (3-Rh-I and 3-Ir-I) with M supported by the PAlP tridentate ligand, and pyridine, methyl, and iodide as monodentate ligands for Al or M. The analogous reaction of 2-Et with [(COD)MI]2 and pyridine resulted in the formation of the analogous compounds 3-Rh-I and 3-Ir-I with hydride in place of methyl. DFT calculations were used to analyze the thermodynamic preferences for the positioning of pyridine, methyl or hydride, and the halide (chloride or iodide) on M vs Al. Cobalt was included with Rh and Ir among M for the pur-poses of DFT calculations. Theoretical studies suggested that different isomers are preferred for the iodide complexes (M-I and Al-Py) than for the chloride ones (M-py and Al-Cl, previously reported for Rh and Ir). X-ray structural study of 3-Rh-I and analysis of the 1H NMR data of the Rh and Ir compounds in benzene corroborated these predictions.
Mechanistic analysis of N-arylation with diaryliodonium salts
Authors: Jha Soocheta , Javaly Nicole , Basu Souradeep , McCormick Theresa , Stuart David
Published: September 2024

Diaryliodonium salts are novel reagents for organic synthesis, especially for the arylation of heteroatom nucleophiles which generates pharmaceutically relevant products. The generally accepted mechanism for these reactions is based on kinetic studies that are three quarters of a century old and do not reflect the modern reaction conditions that have been developed over the past two decades-long boom in diaryliodonium salts chemistry. Here, we provide a detailed kinetic analysis of the phenylation of a tertiary amine nucleophile using modern tools of kinetic analysis, variable time normalisation analysis (VTNA), as well as temperature dependent analysis of dynamics (van’t Hoff and Arrhenius analysis). We quantify the kinetic relevance of both counter anions and aryl “dummy” ligands, and Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) theory provide new insight into the role that frontier orbitals on iodine play in the ligand coupling step.
Acquiring and Transferring Comprehensive Catalyst Knowledge through Integrated High-Throughput Experimentation and Automatic Feature Engineering
Authors: Fujiwara Aya , Nakanowatari Sunao , Cho Yohei , Taniike Toshiaki
Published: September 2024

Solid catalyst development has traditionally relied on trial-and-error approaches, limiting the broader application of valuable insights across different catalyst families. To overcome this fragmentation, we introduce a framework that integrates high-throughput experimentation (HTE) and automatic feature engineering (AFE) with active learning to acquire comprehensive catalyst knowledge. The framework is demonstrated for oxidative coupling of methane (OCM), where active learning is continued until the machine learning model achieves robustness for each of the BaO-, CaO-, La2O3-, TiO2-, and ZrO2-supported catalysts, with 333 catalysts newly tested. The resulting models are utilized to extract catalyst design rules, revealing key synergistic combinations in high-performing catalysts. Moreover, we propose a method for transferring knowledge between supports, showing that features refined on one support can improve predictions on others. This framework advances the understanding of catalyst design and promotes reliable machine learning.
Kinetic analysis makes the impossible possible: measuring CO adsorption free energies on the active sites during CO2 electroreduction
Authors: Cui Zhihao , Aztergo Kassidy D. , Hwang Jiseon , Co Anne C.
Published: September 2024

CO adsorption free energy (∆GCOads) was proposed as an important descriptor for CO2 electroreduction (CO2R), but this hypothesis has not been verified due to the lack of an experimental method that can measure ∆GCOads during CO2R. Herein, we develop a universal kinetic model combined with a rotating ring-disk electrode voltammetry method to estimate ∆GCOads on the active sites of various CO-producing catalysts during CO2R. We find CO adsorption is affected by the catalyst, cation identity, cation concentration, applied potential, and surface structure at CO2R condition. We also find that ∆GCOads difference is insignificant between Au and Cu, which cannot account for the observation that only Cu can catalyze CO2 to multicarbon products with substantial rates. This work highlights the complexity of evaluating CO adsorption at CO2R condition and provides an experimental approach based on kinetic analysis for measuring ∆GCOads on the active sites of CO-producing catalysts during CO2R.
DYNAMICS OF ELEMENTSOFNATIONAL CONSCIOUSNES ONTHE EXAMPLEOF ALCHEMICAL ASPECTS IN TAOISM
Authors: Tchernyak Arthur
Published: September 2024

The article examines the influence of alchemical aspects in Taoist medicine on the national consciousness of China during its historical development and in the modern context. The main focus of the article is directed towards exploring the stages of evolution of alchemical concepts in Chinese medicine, investigating moments of significant qualitative changes and transformations of key research objects, as well as studying the vectors of development of medical culture in China as a whole.

In the early stages of alchemical practice in China, alchemists based their teachings on philosophical foundations, which manifested in the rapid development of alchemical medicine. The result was new medicines, treatment methods, and tools. Discussions unfolded, and institutions created were associated with alchemical medical practice. The intersection of external and internal alchemy in practices such as Taoist massage and psychotherapy, where religious and magical elements correlate with physical procedures, is noted. For this stage, it is important to define the specificity of Taoism, which became the environment where medical culture in China actively developed through alchemy.

A particular emphasis is placed on the interaction of alchemical aspects with political power, specifically the support and utilization of Taoist medical ideas by the Communist Party. It is noted that this contributed to the survival and popularization of Taoist medicine in China, and Taoist concepts found their reflection in the ideology of communism, allowing them not only to survive but also to firmly establish themselves in the mass consciousness of the Chinese citizens.

In contemporary society, the medical culture of China is closely linked to everyday life. In particular, the general attitude towards health, expressed in preventive measures and the use of traditional medicine, is emphasized. Taoist concepts, such as the connection of emotions with health, continue to play a key role in the culture of treatment and health maintenance among the population.

In conclusion, the article reveals the multifaceted contribution of alchemical aspects of Taoist medicine to the formation of China's national consciousness, their evolution throughout history, and their significant role in the modern medical landscape of China.
PHILOSOPHY OF TECHNOLOGY BETWEEN THE XX AND XXI CENTURIES AS A RESPONSEONTO THE CHALLENGES OF WARAND EXIT TO ANEW CIVILIZATION
Authors: Horodyska Olha , Mishchenko Viktor
Published: September 2024

Reflections on technology has been always in the focus of scientists. These reflections were various, and it led to the significant differentiation of the forms of technology comprehension. Those differences concern, first of all, the ontological and epistemological concepts of technology, because they “indicate” changes in the value orientations of culture and, together with it, in civilization and all humanity. Today, society is faced with challenges global by their nature, when questions about military equipment, about military-technical changes, revolutions have become relevant and “ruthless”. Also, the question is how much humanity has become a hostage to those technical discoveries and inventions that can completely overturn the ontology and vital characteristics of humanity. The authors emphasize that philosophy has always tried to consider technology in its unity with socio-cultural issues. The question of the future type of civilization does not cause any doubt: it is built at the expense of technical assets. But reflections on technology in its military dimension have specificity and open up new horizons in comprehension of technology and the technical, that led again to the require of the philosophical understanding of such an essential phenomenon for humankind as technology.

The issue of a balanced approach to the technology together with an answer that should become the powerful force to restrains the destructive elements of the research subject is in the authors’ focus. In the transitional period between the 20th and 21st centuries the philosophy of technology focuses on the problem of ideas, due to which the methodological lines of research of technology and everything technical should be built. There is no doubt that technology, especially its military models, is becoming more and more terrible, anti-human. The only thing that can change such negative elements of progress is the crucial importance of the human spirit. It is the human spirit that must be transformed into a force to provide control over technology, especially military. At the same time the implementation of the power of the spirit in current situation must become the fundamentals in initiation or creation of any methodological line in philosophical reflections on technology.
Immersive virtual reality to improve functional capabilities in people with multiple sclerosis disorder
Authors: Atheena Milagi Pandian S. , Mohammed Sahil S. , Rashika Murugan , Sri Manoj Kumar N. , Aparna N.
Published: September 2024

Multiple Sclerosis, also called MS, is an autoimmune disease and a chronic neurological condition resulting from a malfunction of tissue in the brain and spinal cord. Physical rehabilitation is one procedure that has been demonstrated to offer several advantages, though these treatments, which are centered on repetitive physical acts, can be discouraging for sufferers. This study investigates the use of Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) as a non-pharmacological therapeutic intervention to enhance functional capabilities in individuals with MS. The primary objective is to determine the feasibility and efficacy of an IVR-based exercise program in improving physical function, reducing fall risk, and increasing personal autonomy among people with MS (pwMS). The idea is that an exergame strategy using Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) is practical for people with a history of multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and may enhance their movement through more motivational sessions. This paper outlines the procedures for a single-blind randomized experimental examination that investigates the feasibility and effectiveness of an 8-week IVR intervention (ExeRVIEM program) in pwMS. Equilibrium, posture, risk of falling, movement efficiency, lower limb durability, fatigue, handgrip endurance, and reaction speed will be measured.
Immunoregulatory Effect and Mechanism of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate in A Mouse Oral Cancer Model
Authors: Li Yizhen , Huang Siyi , Ling Yanzi , Fu Liyan , Zheng Ruyue , Duan Xinwei , Luo Yueji
Published: September 2024

Objective: This investigation delineates the anti-cancer potency of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in an oral cancer mouse model, with a focus on its effect on T-cell activation. Methods: An oral cancer model was established in male Balb/c mice using 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO). The mice were systematically grouped and administered graded concentrations of EGCG. Key parameters such as body weight, hydration levels, tumor volume, and mass were meticulously tracked. T-cell activity and cytokine expression profiles, focusing on interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were quantified using ELISA. A comprehensive statistical evaluation included one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD multiple comparison test, and the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric assessment. Results: EGCG-administered cohorts exhibited a pronounced reduction in tumor size and mass, with the high-dose group showing the greatest efficacy. ELISA findings corroborated a significant increase in T-cell activity and concomitant upregulation of key cytokines, including IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This investigation confirms the tumor-suppressive efficacy of EGCG in a murine oral squamous cell carcinoma model. The therapeutic effects of EGCG are mediated through T-cell activation and the upregulation of pivotal cytokine expression, highlighting its potential immunomodulatory role in oral cancer treatment.
ACCESSIBILITY FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN CREATING INCLUSION-BASED SERVICES IN THE ASIAN-AFRICAN CONFERENCE MUSEUM
Authors: Jamilah Asyfiya Qurratal , Zulaikha Sri Rohyanti
Published: September 2024

Artikel ini membahas pentingnya aksebilitas museum bagi penyandang disabilitas, terutama dalam konteks Museum Konferensi Asia Afrika (KAA) di Bandung, Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aksebilitas Museum KAA dalam upayanya menunjukan inklusi sosial terutama bagi penyandang disabilitas. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif untuk mendalami tantangan, upaya, dan dampak aksebilitas pada pengunjung museum. Museum KAA menegaskan komitmennya sebagai “Museum untuk Semua” melalui penyediaan buku braille, buku audio, kursi roda, dan pemanduan bahasa isyarat. Tantangan di masa depan seperti peningkatan fasilitas dan teknologi akan memberi peluang bagi Museum KAA untuk terus meningkatkan aksebilitas serta menjadi inklusif bagi semua pengunjung tanpa peduli latar belakang atau kondisi disabilitas mereka. Selain itu, Museum KAA bekerja sama dengan berbagai komunitas untuk meningkatkan akses bagi penyandang disabilitas.
Pengaruh Strategi Concrete-Representational-Abstract (CRA) Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Bangun Datar pada Peserta Didik Tunagrahita Ringan Kelas 4 SDLB di SLB Negeri Pembina Yogyakarta
Authors: Rahmi Aulia
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan dengan strategi Concrete Representational Abstract (CRA) dalam pembelajaran matematika tentang bangun datar; yaitu konsep dan bentuk persegi, persegi panjang dan lingkaran bagi peserta didik tunagrahita tingan. Subjek penelitian adalah 2 orang perempuan dan 1 orang laki-laki peserta didik tunagrahita ringan kelas IV-A. Metode yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) untuk memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Hasil penelitia menunjukkan bahwa setelah penelitian ini dilaksanakan terdapat peningkatan pemahaman dan hasil belajar peserta didik, hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata tes yang diperoleh peserta didik mengalami peningkatan di setiap siklusnya. Nilai rata-rata pre-test 63, siklus pertama 83, siklus kedua 83, dan post test 87. Dengan demikian penggunakan strategi CRA dapat meningkatkan kemampuan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas IV-A SLB Negeri Pembina Yogyakarta pada pelajaran matematika. Penguasaan kelas dan penerapan strategi CRA pada kegiatan belajar mengajar menjadi salah satu faktor penting keberhasilan pembelajaran.