bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FACTORES INCIDENTALES DE LAS INFECCIONES RESPIRATORIAS AGUDAS EN MENORES DE 5 AÑOS DEL HOSPITAL “DR. FRANCISCO DE ICAZA BUSTAMANTE” GUAYAQUIL 2019
Authors:   Hospital del niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Alvarado-Grandes Gustavo , Saldarriaga-Jimenez Dolores ,   Universidad Estatal de Milagro, Grunauer-Robalino Guillermo ,   Instituto Superior Universitario Bolivariano de Tecnologia
Published: September 2022

Las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRAS), son patologías que afectan al tracto respiratorio; entre los factores están las individuales y ambientales para determinar los factores que inciden en Infecciones Respiratorias Agudas a niños menores de 5 años en el Hospital del Niño “Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante”, 2019. El presente estudio es de tipo descriptivo, no experimental y transversal. La población estuvo constituida por menores a 5 años que acuden a la emergencia desde julio a diciembre de 2019 con diagnóstico de infección respiratoria aguda y para la selección de la muestra se consideraron a 103 pacientes. En sus resultados se predominó el género masculino, las edades entre 1 y 2 años y la lactancia hasta los 3 meses. El 50% presentó esquema de vacunación incompleto y el 50% fueron llevados a controles médicos solo cuando se enfermaban. La mayoría de los padres tuvieron un nivel académico de bachiller y el 30% fuman siempre cerca de los hijos. Los principales signos de alarma fueron la tos en el 51% y la dificultad respiratoria en el 30%. Dando como conclusion que Los principales factores que inciden en las IRA están relacionados con las condiciones medioambientales, las formas de presentación de la enfermedad, así como los esquemas de lactancia, vacunación y controles médicos.
APLICACION DE LA TECNOLOGIA DE INFORMACION Y COMUNICACION PARA UN TRANSPORTE COLECTIVO EFECTIVO Y EFICAZ EN VENEZUELA
Authors:   Instituto Superior Universitario Bolivariano de Tecnologia, Medina Jhovanny
Published: September 2022

Este artículo centra su idea en un sistema de transporte eficiente y eficaz en el cual la mejora de la movilidad sea un factor crucial para el progreso económico de la sociedad venezolana. En particular, el transporte urbano e interurbano, apoyado por un considerable desarrollo de la red de infraestructuras, ha absorbido en su mayor parte la necesidad de movilidad lo cual no es un fin en sí mismo, sino el medio de acceder a servicios terceros. El desarrollo de un renovado sistema de movilidad, sostenible y más seguro, resulta ser un objetivo prioritario; sin embargo no siempre resultan eficaces las actuaciones tradicionales en la forma de mejoras o creación de nuevas infraestructuras. Se pretende entonces demostrar como las TIC habilitan soluciones avanzadas que colaboran a afrontar estos problemas, ya sea mediante la propia integración de aplicaciones en vehículos y sistemas de gestión de tráfico o, de forma indirecta, favoreciendo la reducción de desplazamientos a través de otros servicios TIC, como el teletrabajo y la automatización. Esta revisión de carácter documental, permitirá la comprensión de algunos aportes realizados por ciertos autores, ya que en Venezuela es muy poco lo que se ha avanzado en torno a este tema. Entre los hallazgos obtenidos se puede mencionar la carencia de iniciativas que permitan implementar sistemas tecnológicos, que se ajusten a los requerimientos y necesidades de los usuarios, quienes realmente son la razón de existencia del transporte público.
COMPRENDIENDO LA MUERTE POR COVID-19 EN LAS UNIDADES DE CUIDADO INTENSIVO: UNA VISION DESDE LA ENFERMERIA
Authors:   UMET  Guayaquil Ecuador, Ortega-Guevara Neris , Arteaga Yanez Yanetzy
Published: September 2022

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo general comprender el fenómeno de la muerte por Covid-19: una visión desde la enfermería. Se busca poder descubrir las dimensiones que están presentes en el pensamiento enfermero durante el proceso de morir de pacientes diagnosticados con covid-19. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico hermenéutico donde el método seleccionado para la interpretación de la información fue el de Spiegelberg. Hallazgos:1.- El enfermero está consciente que es un ser mortal, teme enfermar y morir. La hipoxemia anula la conciencia produciendo una muerte silenciosa a pesar de procedimientos extraordinarios, es un fenómeno que se vuelve cotidiano pero que no tiene explicación causando impotencia, dolor y peso emocional. 2.- La muerte por covid es como cualquier otra que causa terror, miedo. Es dolorosa, causa incertidumbre por su capacidad de contagio, por la escasez de los equipos de protección y por no saber que pasa después. Conclusiones: la muerte por Covid-19, es un fenómeno de gran impacto emocional, pues genera temor e incertidumbre porque tomamos conciencia de nuestra propia finitud, percibimos que somos mortales y por lo tanto frágiles ante esta entidad llamada SARS-CoV-2, que ha causado la muerte de millones de seres humanos. La muerte del paciente por Covid-19, no se diferencia de otras muertes, es una realidad biológica y cultural que podemos describir. Sabemos que pasa justo antes que irrumpa en la conciencia y lo desvanezca todo. Sin embargo, únicamente conocemos el dato biológico inmanente al cuerpo material, no sabemos que pasa después porque poco sabemos de ella.
Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions
Authors: Huth Miriam Anna , Huth Axel , Schreiber Lukas , Koch Kerstin
Published: September 2022

The cuticle with its superimposed epicuticular waxes represents the barrier of all aboveground parts of higher plant primary tissues. Epicuticular waxes have multiple effects on the interaction of plants with their living and non-living environment, whereby their shape, dimension, arrangement, and chemical composition play significant roles. Here, the ability of self-assembly of wax after isolation from the leaves was used to develop a small-scale wax-coated artificial leaf surface with the chemical composition and wettability of wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves. By thermal evaporation of extracted plant waxes and adjustment of the evaporated wax amounts, the wettability and chemical character of the microstructure of the surface of wheat leaves were transferred onto a technical surface. For the use of these artificial leaves as a test system for biotic (e.g., germination of fungal pathogens) and non-biotic (e.g., applied surfactants) interactions on natural leaf surfaces, the chemical composition and the wetting behavior should be the same in both. Therefore, the morphology, chemistry, and wetting properties of natural and artificial surfaces with recrystallized wax structures were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and by the determination of water contact angles, contact angle hysteresis, and tilting angles. Wheat leaves of different ages were covered exclusively with wax platelets. The extracted wheat wax was composed of alcohols, aldehydes, esters, and acids. The main component was 1-octacosanol. The waxes recrystallized as three-dimensional structures on the artificial surfaces. The three tested wetting parameters resembled the ones of the natural surface, providing an artificial surface with the chemical information of epicuticular waxes and the wetting properties of a natural leaf surface.
PERAN SENTRA PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERPADU (GAKKUMDU) DALAM PELAKSANAAN PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERKAIT TINDAK PIDANA PEMILIHAN UMUM (STUDI PADA BADAN PENGAWAS PEMILIHAN UMUM KABUPATEN BULELENG)
Authors: Sumertana Made , Lemes I Nyoman , Remaja I Nyoman Gede
Published: September 2022

Penyelenggaraan Pemilu telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemilu, namun dalam pelaksanaan Pemilu tahun 2019 masih terjadi pelanggaran Pemilu berupa tindak pidana Pemilu. Dimana penanganannya dilaksanakan oleh Bawaslu sesuai dengan tingkatannya yang dibantu dari unsur Kepolisian dan unsur Kejaksaan yang disebut dengan Sentra Gakkumdu. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, penelitian ini meneliti tentang Peran Sentra Gakkumdu dalam penegakan hukum tindak pidana pemilihan umum di Kabupaten Buleleng, dan kendala-kendala penegakan hukum terkait tindak pidana pemilihan umum di Kabupaten Buleleng. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris, bersifat deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik studi kepustakaan dan teknik wawancara. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara kualitatif. Peran Sentra Penegakan Hukum Terpadu (Gakkumdu) dalam penegakan hukum tindak pidana pemilihan umum di Kabupaten Buleleng yaitu berperan dalam penegakan hukum Pemilu dalam satu pintu, dimana di dalamnya terdiri dari unsur Bawaslu, Kepolisian dan Kejaksaan, dan menjalankan kewenangan sesuai dengan Perbawaslu Nomor 7 tahun 2018. Kendala-kendala penegakan hukum terkait tindak pidana Pemilu di Kabupaten Buleleng, sebagai berikut: batas waktu penanganan yang singkat, saksi tidak bisa hadir dalam klarifikasi kesaksian, belum ada sekretariat Sentra Gakkumdu, lemahnya regulasi politik uang dalam UU No.7 tahun 2017, budaya hukum akan kesadaran hukum masyarakat masih lemah, masih sering terjadi perbedaan pendapat di internal Sentra Gakkumdu.
Systematic review of tools available to measure mental health literacy in children and adolescents
Authors:   National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia, Tomaskova Hana , Kucera Matej , Stodola Marek , Kagstrom Anna
Published: September 2022

Review question / Objective: The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic search in order to find available tools for monitoring and evaluating the mental health literacy of children and adolescents under the age of 19 years. Condition being studied: Mental health literacy is an essential part of mental illness prevention and early-identification. Number of tools exist to assess mental health literacy in the adult population. However, very few studies focus on tools that are aimed at assessing mental health literacy of children and adolescents, and evaluate quality of these tools.
A Qualitative Study of Pandemic-Induced Telework: Federal Workers Thrive, Working Parents Struggle
Authors: Mullins Lauren Bock , Scutelnicu Gina , Charbonneau Étienne
Published: September 2022

This study examines the forced transition to telework during the COVID-19 pandemic using qualitative data from two open surveys administered by the Federal News Network in 2020: in the first two months and, then, 10 months into the pandemic. We provide in-depth analysis of 1,969 open-ended comments from 1,589 federal employees collected seven months apart, telling the story of how they continued performing their responsibilities under a full-time telework schedule. Federal employees perceive the transition to full-time telework during the pandemic had a positive effect on organizational performance, work productivity and work-life balance for most federal employees. An exception is working parents, who faced significant hardships due to the pandemic. Additionally, results show pandemic-induced telework was credited with mixed successes for job satisfaction and social integration, and had not been successful in terms of supervisor support and organizational trust, which puts the success of the social contract theory in these situations in jeopardy. Finally, results suggest that federal employees envision more work will become telework-eligible in the new normal and welcome this shift.
Impacto del uso de las redes sociales como estrategia de marketing en empresas del sector hotelero de la ciudad de Pilar
Authors: Bordón Rojas Carlos Daniel , Montañez Espínola Héctor Adán
Published: September 2022

El presente trabajo se enmarca dentro de los estudios no experimentales, de tipo descriptivo con métodos de estudio cualitativo y cuantitativos. El objeto de analizar el impacto del uso de las redes sociales como estrategia de marketing en las empresas del sector hotelero de la Ciudad de Pilar. Se concluye que las nuevas tecnologías proporcionan a este sector hotelero una ayuda extraordinaria para la gestión y comunicación. Los medios sociales no sólo permiten mejorar antiguas estrategias de marketing, sino que posibilitan crear acciones totalmente nuevas, no obstante, la utilización de las redes sociales como estrategia de marketing en el sector hotelero de la ciudad de Pilar es aún incipiente ya que se visualizan dificultades para la utilización de los diversos medios sociales disponibles como herramientas de marketing; a pesar de la influencia que los medios sociales ejercen sobre los usuarios, es aún difícil la adaptación al mundo del marketing digital, por lo que el mercado turístico demanda una gran cantidad de información para que los viajantes, se sientan seguros  por lo que  requieren información previa sobre los destinos, productos y servicios turísticos ofrecidos en la localidad a ser visitada. Todos los que viajan necesitan un mínimo de información acerca del lugar a ser visitado para poder planear y elegir, sobre todo considerando la tendencia a hacer viajes más independientes.
Investigation of changes in the operational properties of press cloths during long-term wet-heat treatments
Authors:   The Kosygin State University of Russia, Khazanov Grigory I. , Aparushkina Margarita A. ,   The Kosygin State University of Russia
Published: September 2022

The possibility of combining the technological operations of antimicrobial finishing and dressing of press cloths through the use of a polymer composition containing organic tin latex and epoxy resin is studied. The positive effect of the polymer composition epoxy resin-tin-organic latex on the performance properties of the finished product is shown
Determination of mass rating coefficients at desorption of carbon dioxide
Authors:   D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Morgunova Elena P. , Davidkhanova Maria G. ,   D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia
Published: September 2022

The coefficients of mass transfer in the liquid phase during the desorption of carbon dioxide from an aqueous solution are experimentally determined. A comparison is made of the values of the mass transfer coefficients calculated by various methods with the values obtained experimentally.
Optimization of the sizing process for linen yarn
Authors:   Vitebsk State Technological University, Bazylenko Ekaterina N. , Lobatskaya Ekaterina M. ,   Vitebsk State Technological University
Published: September 2022

The issues of optimization of the process of sizing of linen yarn in the production conditions of a weaving enterprise are considered, the optimal parameters of the concentration of the sizing preparation are determined.
Study of ethanol oxidation processes in membraneless fuel alkaline cells
Authors:   Penza State Technological University, Tarantseva Klara R. , Tarantsev Konstantin V. ,   Penza State University
Published: September 2022

The influence of various factors on the efficiency of ethanol oxidation processes in membraneless alkaline fuel cells has been investigated. It was shown that with an increase in the concentration of water and pH, the emf of the system increased. At the same time, an increase in the ethanol concentration in the system on some catalysts led to an increase in the emf, on others, on the contrary, to a decrease.
Development of advanced designs of electric baro-membrane devices
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Lazarev Sergey I. , Kovalev Sergey V. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Konovalov Dmitry N. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Lua Pepe ,   Tambov State Technical University, Ryzhkin Vladimir Yu. ,   Tambov State Technical University
Published: September 2022

The paper presents promising designs of flat-chamber, tubular and roll-type electrobaromembrane devices for purification and separation of technological solutions and waste water from various industries. Their technical results are presented.
Calculated and experimental study of drying of granular composite fuel
Authors:   Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ovchinnikov Lev N. , Ovchinnikov Nikolay L. ,   Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology
Published: September 2022

Calculated and experimental studies to determine the rational conditions for granulating and drying composite fuel based on peat, sawdust, cellulose and modifier are considered. The results of studies of heat and mass transfer processes occurring during drying of fuel pellets in a dryer with a filter layer are presented.
The technologies of complex optimization for oil and gas fields on the earliest steps of development and methods of analyses of economical efficiency for realization of potential of additional oil producing
Authors:   Veteran’s Council of Russian Academy of Sciences, Rathkeen Leonid S.
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the technologies of complex optimization of development of oil and gas fields on the earliest steps of development. Additionally are presented the methods of analyzing of economical efficiency for realization of potential of additional oil producing.
THE FRAMEWORK AND FORMS OF PARTICIPATION OF ORGANIZATIONS FROM THE SCIENTIFIC-INDUSTRIAL BELT OF THE RUSSIAN EAST IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECTS IN THE ARCTIC ZONE OF THE RF
Authors:   e Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of RAS, KRYUKOV V.A. , KRYUKOV Y.V. ,   e Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of RAS
Published: September 2022

The article justifies the necessity and expediency of considering the Arctic projects in the context of spatially distributed chains of social value creation. It attempts to answer one of the most important questions—the dilemma of interaction between the North (the Arctic) and the South (the middle and southern strip of the East of Russia). Is it possible to ensure their interaction in an acceptable socially, environmentally, and economically oriented way? According to the authors, such a possibility exists, but its implementation will require a whole system of interrelated steps and measures. One of the most important conditions is the interaction of the parties involved on the basis of contractual relations, mutual trust and transparency of all operations (both financial and technological).
STRENGTHENING THE ROLE OF STRATEGIC PLANNING IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC SANCTIONS IMPOSED AGAINST RUSSIA
Authors:   Institute of International Political and Economic Strategies — Russtrat, PANINA E.V.
Published: September 2022

Given the global challenges Russia is facing, it is of key importance not only to accelerate the process of imports substitution, but to underpin it with a new technological basis. To achieve this all resources available should be concentrated on strategically important directions and it should be supported by a parallel economic breakthrough in interrelated areas of cooperation. A prompt introduction of a full-fledged system of strategic planning based on the historic heritage of the USSR Planning Committee, as well as its foreign modifications can be viewed as the only way to carry out this maneuver successfully.
MONETARY AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE APPROACHES DURING SANCTIONS: NEW SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, ERSHOV M.V.
Published: September 2022

Large-scale anti-­Russian sanctions, which are likely to be protracted, have created fundamentally new conditions–both inside and outside. To ensure economic growth in such environment, new approaches are needed. They should lay basis for stable and durable growth. Thera are a number of monetary tools which may be used to this end. A broad based economic activity, less susceptible by sanctions may emerge as a result.
PROCYCLE POLICY OF THE CENTRAL BANK OF ARMENIA: THE PRICE OF THE ISSUE
Authors:   Russian-­Armenian University, Voskanyan M.А.
Published: September 2022

This article is devoted to the analysis and evaluation of monetary regulation based on the pro-cyclical policy approach in terms of the impact on economic growth on the example of the Armenian economy. The result of the study was the conclusion that procyclical monetary policy has a negative effect on the economy, which in turn requires a revision of such a policy for countries with emerging markets, in particular in Armenia. An analysis of the monetary and foreign exchange policies of Armenia proves that, since the implementation of inflation targeting, the Central Bank of the Republic of Armenia has been pursuing a pro-cyclical policy, which has led to a slowdown in economic growth, especially in the long term.
ACTIVITIES OF MODERN DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS IN RUSSIA WITH SIGNS OF INSURANCE RELATIONS
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, BRYZGALOV D.V. , TSYGANOV A.A. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2022

Insurance products and mechanisms with signs of insurance relations are used in the activities of Russian development institutions, often without an assessment of expediency and at least a formal assessment of effectiveness. In some cases, insurance organizations were created directly (for example, the Russian Agency for Export Credit and Investment Insurance — EXIAR) and companies engaged in organizing and supporting insurance in agriculture or mortgage lending, in most cases insurance mechanisms are used in the activities of development institutions without creating an organizational structure. The presence and variety of forms of use of insurance mechanisms actualize the task of developing a methodology for the use of insurance in the activities of Russian development institutions and criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of insurance.
RISKS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL TERRITORIES IN THE TRANSBOUNDARY REGION
Authors:   Rostov State Economic University, USENKO L.N.
Published: September 2022

Effective agricultural activities are impossible without the development and implementation of the socio-­economic function of rural areas. The stable state of this complex system can be ensured only with the mutual development of all subsystems: production, transport, environmental, socio-­demographic, cultural and moral. The results of the study indicate a weakening of the integrated approach to the development of these subsystems, which creates the risk of losing social control over cross-­border regions. The study conducted on the territory of the Rostov region using the methods of SWOT analysis, mathematical forecasting, cognitive modeling, sociological surveys identified possible directions for the socio-­economic development of the village, institutions for increasing the economic efficiency of managing the integrated development of rural areas. Based on the monitoring, the article shows the growth of negative moral and cultural processes that have not previously been encountered in rural areas (protests, rallies), which not only creates geopolitical and economic risks for the sustainable development of rural areas in cross-­border regions, but is a source of internal socio-­political instability in country under sanctions and military-­political pressure.
ECOLOGIZATION OF THE FOOD SYSTEMS AND FOOD SECURITY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   Institute of Economics RAS, FRUMKIN B.E.
Published: September 2022

The main directions and parameters of the eco-climatic reorientation of the national and regional food systems of the European Union on the basis of the new agrarian strategy are considered, including problems in the development and implementation of the corresponding update of the EU Common Agricultural Policy.
CHINA’S ROLE IN THE SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TAJIKISTAN: PROS AND CONS
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, SOKOLAN D.S. , QALANDARSHOEV G.A. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
Published: September 2022

The article presents an analysis of economic relations between Tajikistan and China. These relations are of strategic importance for the economic development of both sides. The expansion of trade, investment, and financial cooperation is a key element of China’s foreign policy in Tajikistan. The development of bilateral cooperation in the above areas is analyzed and the positive and negative aspects of these ties for the development of the economic and social space of Tajikistan are discussed. The purpose of the study — to determine the role of China in the economy of Tajikistan.
On the Rotation Curve of Disk Galaxies in General Relativity
Authors: Ciotti Luca
Published: September 2022

Recently, it has been suggested that the phenomenology of flat rotation curves observed at large radii in the equatorial plane of disk galaxies can be explained as a manifestation of general relativity (GR) instead of the effect of dark matter (DM) halos. In this paper, by using the well-known weak-field, low-velocity gravitomagnetic formulation of GR, the expected rotation curves in GR are rigorously obtained for purely baryonic disk models with realistic density profiles and compared with the predictions of Newtonian gravity for the same disks in absence of DM. As expected, the resulting rotation curves are indistinguishable, with GR corrections at all radii of the order v
2/c
2 ≈ 10−6. Next, the gravitomagnetic Jeans equations for two-integral stellar systems are derived, and then solved for the Miyamoto–Nagai disk model, showing that finite-thickness effects do not change the previous conclusions. Therefore, the observed phenomenology of galactic rotation curves at large radii requires DM in GR exactly as in Newtonian gravity, unless the cases here explored are reconsidered in the full GR framework with substantially different results (with the surprising consequence that the weak-field approximation of GR cannot be applied to the study of rotating systems in the weak-field regime). In this article, the mathematical framework is described in detail, so that the present study can be extended to other disk models, or to elliptical galaxies (where DM is also required in Newtonian gravity, but their rotational support can be much less than in disk galaxies).
Lyα Emitting Galaxies (LAEs) at Cosmic Dawn: Implications and Predictions
Authors: Salvador-Solé Eduard , Manrique Alberto , Miguel Mas-Hesse J. , Cabello Cristina , Gallego Jesús , Miguel Rodríguez-Espinosa José , Guzman Rafael
Published: September 2022

The detection of Lyα emitting galaxies (LAEs) puts severe constraints on the reionization history. In this paper, we derive the properties of very high-z LAEs predicted in the only two reionization scenarios shown in a previous paper to be consistent with the current data on 15 independent evolving global (or averaged) cosmic properties regarding luminous objects and the intergalactic medium and the optical depth to electron scattering of ionized hydrogen to cosmic microwave background photons: one with a monotonic behavior, which is completed by z = 6, as commonly considered, and another one with a nonmonotonic behavior with two full ionization events at z = 6 and z = 10. We find that the Lyα luminosity functions of very high-z LAEs are very distinct in those two scenarios. Thus, comparing these predictions to the observations that will soon be available thanks to new instruments such as the James Webb Space Telescope, it should be possible to unveil the right reionization scenario. In the meantime, we can compare the predicted redshift distribution and UV (or Lyα) luminosities of very high-z LAEs to those of the few objects already observed at z > 7.5. By doing that, we find that such data are in tension with the single reionization scenario, while they are fully compatible with the double reionization scenario.
Modeling the Hα and He 10830 Transmission Spectrum of WASP-52b
Authors: Yan Dongdong , Seon Kwang-il , Guo Jianheng , Chen Guo , Li Lifang
Published: September 2022

Escaping atmosphere has been detected by the excess absorption of Lyα, Hα and He triplet (λ10830) lines. Simultaneously modeling the absorption of the Hα and He λ10830 lines can provide useful constraints about the exoplanetary atmosphere. In this paper, we use a hydrodynamic model combined with a non−local thermodynamic model and a new Monte Carlo simulation model to obtain the H(2) and He(23
S) populations. The Monte Carlo simulations of Lyα radiative transfer are performed with assumptions of a spherical stellar Lyα radiation and a spherical planetary atmosphere, for the first time, to calculate the Lyα mean intensity distribution inside the planetary atmosphere, necessary in estimating the H(2) population. We model the transmission spectra of the Hα and He λ10830 lines simultaneously in hot Jupiter WASP-52b. We find that models with many different H/He ratios can reproduce the Hα observations well if the host star has (1) a high X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) flux (F
XUV) and a relatively low X-ray fraction in XUV radiation (β

m
) or (2) a low F
XUV and a high β

m
. The simulations of the He λ10830 triplet suggest that a high H/He ratio (∼98/2) is required to fit the observation. The models that fit both lines well confine F
XUV to be about 0.5 times the fiducial value and β

m
to have a value around 0.3. The models also suggest that hydrogen and helium originate from the escaping atmosphere, and the mass-loss rate is about 2.8 × 1011 g s−1.
Ion and Electron Acceleration in Fully Kinetic Plasma Turbulence
Authors: Comisso Luca , Sironi Lorenzo
Published: September 2022

Turbulence is often invoked to explain the origin of nonthermal particles in space and astrophysical plasmas. By means of 3D fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations, we demonstrate that turbulence in low-β plasmas (β is the ratio of plasma pressure to magnetic pressure) accelerates ions and electrons into a nonthermal energy distribution with a power-law energy range. The ion spectrum is harder than the electron one, and both distributions get steeper for higher β. We show that the energization of electrons is accompanied by a significant energy-dependent pitch-angle anisotropy, with most electrons moving parallel to the local magnetic field, while ions stay roughly isotropic. We demonstrate that particle injection from the thermal pool occurs in regions of high current density. Parallel electric fields associated with magnetic reconnection are responsible for the initial energy gain of electrons, whereas perpendicular electric fields control the overall energization of ions. Our findings have important implications for the origin of nonthermal particles in space and astrophysical plasmas.
The Exoplanet Modeling and Analysis Center at NASA Goddard
Authors: Renaud Joe P. , Lopez Eric , Brande Jonathan , Cruz-Arce Carlos E. , Kelahan Cameron , Susemiehl Nicholas , Cristy Dylan , Hostetter Carl , Moore Michael Dane , Patel Apexa , Mandell Avi M.
Published: September 2022

The Exoplanet Modeling and Analysis Center (EMAC) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is a web-based catalog, repository, and integration platform for modeling and analysis resources focused on the study of exoplanet characteristics and environments. EMAC hosts user-submitted resources ranging in category from planetary interior models to data visualization tools. Other features of EMAC include integrated web tools developed by the EMAC team in collaboration with the tools’ original author(s) and video demonstrations of a growing number of hosted tools. EMAC aims to be a comprehensive repository for researchers to access a variety of exoplanet resources that can assist them in their work, and currently hosts a growing number of code bases, models, and tools. EMAC is a key project of the NASA GSFC Sellers Exoplanet Environments Collaboration and can be accessed at https://emac.gsfc.nasa.gov.
Household Solid Waste Management and Composition in Bekasi, Indonesia
Authors: Kusumaningtiar Devi Angeliana , Vionalita Gisely
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Waste is any substance that is discarded after primary use or is worthless, defective, and of no use, and it is a serious problem in several countries. The largest composition of waste in Indonesia today is food waste. In this country, waste management is still carried out using the landfill method. Therefore, the increase in waste generation will have a very serious impact on the environment. The impact can lead to global warming, acid rain, depletion of the ozone layer, etc.

AIM: This research aims to summarize the generation and composition of household solid waste.

METHODS: The method used is a quantitative approach using surveys and field observations. The data were collected by measuring the generation and composition of waste, as well as through interviews. The research sample amounted to 100, comprising three households.

RESULTS: The results showed that food waste was the most commonly generated waste at 66%. Therefore, the role of mothers in the daily handling of food ingredients in the family is very important as it contributes to daily food waste.

CONCLUSION: There is still a lack of public awareness in managing household scale food waste.
Laterality in cavefish: Left or right foraging behavior in Astyanax mexicanus
Authors: Espinasa Luis , Diamant Ruth , Mesquita Marylena , Lindquist Julianna M. , Powers Adrianna M. , Helmreich James
Published: September 2022

The evolution of foraging behaviors is key to colonizing challenging habitats such as a cave’s dark environment. Vibration attraction behavior (VAB) gives fish the ability to swim in the darkness toward a vibration stimulus produced by many prey crustaceans and insects. VAB evolved in the blind Mexican cave tetra, Astyanax mexicanus. VAB is regulated by an increased number of mechanosensory neuromasts, particularly in the eye orbital region. However, VAB in Astyanax is only correlated with the number of neuromasts on the left side. Astyanax also have a bent skull preferentially to the left and a QTL signal for the right-side number of neuromasts. We conducted field studies in five different cave populations for four years. Results support that all cave populations can express behavioral lateralization or preponderance of side to examine a vibrating object. The percentage of individuals favoring one side may change among pools and years. In one cave population (Pachón), for one year, this “handedness” was expressed by preferentially using the right side of their face. On the contrary, in most years and pools, Tinaja, Sabinos, Molino, and Toro cave populations explored preferentially using their left side. This suggests that if there is an adaptative effect, it selects for asymmetry on itself, and not necessarily for which side is the one to be specialized. Results also showed that the laterality varied depending on how responsive an individual fish was, perhaps due to its nutritional, motivational state, or mode of stimuli most relevant at the time for the fish.
Émergence d’un trouble psychotique au décours d’une couvade atypique
Authors: Pierrehumbert Marc
Published: September 2022

Arrivé presque au terme de l’accompagnement de la grossesse extraordinairement investie de sa femme, le patient présente une décompensation psychotique inaugurale, motif d’une hospitalisation dont il ne peut être extrait que grâce à la qualité de l’accompagnement haptonomique et à la naissance de son fils le 09.04.2001. Le patient est hospitalisé à nouveau par trois fois, suite à de nouvelles décompensations ; la dernière a des conséquences médico-légales. Je vous propose d’une part, d’observer, sous l’éclairage de l’hexagramme ontique (cf p. 337), 10 ans après la première hospitalisation, ce qu’est aujourd’hui la vie de Philippe, universitaire employé d’Etat et père de famille ; d’autre part, de discuter brièvement des effets de l’accompagnement haptopsychothérapeutique.
La Torah d’Israël, chemin de sagesse écologique
Authors: Luciani Didier
Published: September 2022

Les ressources bibliques en éco-théologie, et spécialement pour penser la « conversion écologique », ne se limitent pas aux lieux scripturaires « classiques » (Gn 1–9 ; Jb 37–38 ; Rm 8 ; etc.). D’autres textes moins sollicités, notamment dans la législation biblique, peuvent apporter un éclairage puissant pour affronter les défis environnementaux de notre époque. À titre de simple illustration, cette contribution examine deux passages tirés du livre du Lévitique (Lv 23 ; 25-26).
L’ ekphrasis salutaire
Authors: Montoux Arnaud
Published: September 2022

Le Moyen Âge a-t-il manifesté une espérance de Salut pour le Cosmos ? Notre monde n’étant pas d’abord un objet d’étude ou de délibération, mais l’écosystème de la pensée et de l’expression humaines, nous chercherons à montrer comment la matière épaisse et chaotique d’une Création aspirant au Salut a pu être le support d’un langage théologique surgi en amont des langages plus spéculatifs qui tinrent cette matière à distance. En nous appuyant sur le concept d’ ekphrasis , nous tâcherons de montrer qu’au XII e  siècle les visions ont été, par leur matériau et leur forme cosmiques, d’authentiques discours sotériologiques aux dimensions de la Création. Ces visions dressées dans l’histoire restent pour le théologien une invitation à se réapproprier la capacité exploratoire de la poétique.
Evaluating Student Learning: Community-Based Nursing Education as Action to Address Inequities
Authors: Clark Kathleen M.
Published: September 2022

Background:

This study evaluated nursing students' learning at a nurse-led, faculty-organized, drop-in health care center that provided basic care to marginalized communities. Nursing students have engaged in practicum and coursework at this site for more than 30 years; thus, a review of learning outcomes was needed.

Method:

Using grounded theory as outlined by Strauss and Corbin, data were collected and then analyzed for patterns and themes to inform the research purpose.

Results:

Four main themes were identified from the data analysis regarding what students learned during their practicum at the community health care center. The themes included: connecting on a human scale, using self-reflection, building relationships with marginalized individuals, and developing skills to make needed changes.

Conclusion:

The findings supported the continuation of this educational opportunity to provide learning experiences that addressed health inequities and social determinants of health for nursing students.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(9):525–527.]
Breaking Bad News via Telehealth: Simulation Training for Nurse Practitioner Students
Authors: Berta Mara , Burt Leah , Carlucci Melissa , Corbridge Susan
Published: September 2022

Background:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic demonstrated educators must consider students' future practice will involve patient communication via telehealth, including breaking bad news.

Method:

This mixed-methods analysis was conducted among 33 nurse practitioner (NP) students at two universities. Questionnaires were analyzed before and after a simulation training session with standardized patients to determine students' perceptions, learning satisfaction, confidence, and self-rated preparedness for delivering bad news via telehealth.

Results:

Students' self-rated levels of preparedness for delivering bad news were higher after participating in the simulation. Students found the teaching methods to be effective, enjoyable, motivating, and suitable to individual learning styles. Two themes emerged that described students' perceptions of the experience: valuable simulation processes and multifaceted learning applicable to future NP practice.

Conclusion:

Breaking bad news via virtual platforms is new and challenging. Findings suggest this simulation experience provided a valuable tool for augmenting didactic training for NP students.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(9):528–532.]
Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Academic-Practice Partnerships: Implications for Nursing Education
Authors: Bejster Mallory , Geis Alice , Cygan Heide , Ferry-Rooney Raechel , Kalensky Melissa , Moss Angela
Published: September 2022

Background:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected academic-practice partnerships in multiple ways. This article examines how the pandemic affected partnerships at one college of nursing.

Method:

A survey on the effects of COVID-19 on academic-practice partnerships was sent to all faculty (
n
= 228). Data were analyzed using a mixed-method approach.

Results:

Of 69 surveys that were completed, 38 faculty reported 52 unique partnerships during the 2019–2020 academic year. Of the 52 partnerships, 63% (
n
= 33) had changed and 12% (
n
= 6) were newly established partnerships in response to COVID-19. Common changes included temporary suspension of activities (
n
= 13) and a change (
n
= 9) or decrease (
n
= 7) in activities. Major themes included clinical disruptions and transitioning to telehealth and online services.

Conclusion:

COVID-19 created challenges for academic-practice partnerships but also generated opportunities for nursing education to contribute to the pandemic response and meet evolving population and organizational needs.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(9):533–536.]
Improving Reporting on Qualitative Methods Used in the Development and Validation of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Mental Health Concerns
Authors: Samuel Vanessa , Arora Ravia , Virk Punit
Published: September 2022

Qualitative methodologies are recommended in the development and evaluation of psychological instruments. However, reporting on qualitative methods in instrument development studies remains variable and often insufficient to support claims surrounding content validity. In the current article, we present a commentary discussing the critical role qualitative inquiry plays in the development of patient-reported outcome measures. We outline the current state of reporting in qualitative instrument development and evaluation studies with a focus on mental health literature and highlight the clinical relevance of this topic for health care professionals. Despite challenges, we express confidence in the potential value of substantively engaging with qualitative methods and comprehensive reporting and summarize recommendations to this effect based on the current literature. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61
(3), 40–44.]
The Impact of Repetitive and Prolonged Eye Rubbing on Corneal Biomechanics
Authors: Torres-Netto Emilio A. , Abdshahzadeh Hormoz , Abrishamchi Reyhaneh , Hafezi Nikki L. , Hillen Mark , Ambrósio Renato , Randleman J. Bradley , Spoerl Eberhard , Gatinel Damien , Hafezi Farhad
Published: September 2022

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the effect of simulated repetitive eye rubbing on the corneal biomechanics of porcine eyes using an ex vivo model system.

METHODS:

The average rubbing force that patients with keratoconus apply to their eyelids was previously determined. Fresh porcine eyes with eyelids were either exposed to 10,500 rub cycles from a custom-built eye rubbing machine that rubbed with a similar force to knuckle human eye rubbing (n = 33) or no rubbing at all (control; n = 37). A total of 10,500 rubs are equivalent to 1 year of rubbing six times daily, five movements per rub. The corneal biomechanical properties of these eyes were then tested by measuring the elastic modulus of 5-mm strips.

RESULTS:

The elastic modulus at the range of 1% and 5% of strain was 1.219 ± 0.284 and 1.218 ± 0.304 N/mm
2
in the eye rubbing group and the no-rub control group, respectively. Corneal stiffness was similar in both groups (
P
= .984).

CONCLUSIONS:

The threshold to induce biomechanical changes (purely by eye rubbing) must be higher than 10,500 rubbing movements, suggesting that occasional eye rubbing may not affect corneal biomechanics in normal eyes, and likely only triggers keratoconus progression in predisposed corneas. Further in vivo studies assessing the impact eye rubbing has on inflammatory activity and the biomechanical properties of weakened corneas is warranted.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(9):610–616.]
Toric Intraocular Lens Calculations With the Barrett Calculator: A Comparison of the Calculator With and Without the Integrated K Method
Authors: Reitblat Olga , Harel Gal , Zlatkin Rita , Bahar Irit , Sella Ruti
Published: September 2022

PURPOSE:

To compare the accuracy of the Barrett Integrated K (IK) toric calculator with the standard Barrett toric calculator.

METHODS:

Consecutive patients who underwent cataract extraction with implantation of a toric intraocular lens at the Rabin Medical Center, Israel, were reviewed. Errors in predicted postoperative refractive astigmatism were calculated for the Barrett toric calculator using biometry measurements only and with the IK tool using biometry and tomography. Both methods were assessed with predicted and measured posterior corneal astigmatism (PPCA and MPCA, respectively).

RESULTS:

The study included 73 eyes of 59 patients. The mean centroid prediction error using PPCA (0.08 ± 0.80 D @ 78°) was significantly different compared with MPCA (0.07 ± 0.80 D @ 48°,
P
= .016). In addition, a significant difference between IK-PPCA (0.06 ± 0.80 D @ 80°) and IK-MPCA (0.05 ± 0.80 D @ 38°) was found (
P
= .023). The median absolute prediction error ranged from 0.55 D using IK-PPCA to 0.60 D using PPCA, with no significant differences between the four calculation versions. No significant differences were found between the calculators in the predictability rates within ±0.50, ±0.75, and ±1.00 D. Analysis of one eye of each patient showed similar results.

CONCLUSIONS:

The IK calculator yielded comparable outcomes to the standard Barrett calculator. Although differences in the mean centroid errors were found, they were clinically insignificant and predominantly seen in the axis of the predicted astigmatism error. These minor differences were mainly attributed to the incorporation of the MPCA in the calculation.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(9):565–571.]
The Effects of High Energy Capsulotomy on Aqueous Cytokine Profiles and Pupil Size During Femtosecond Laser–Assisted Cataract Surgery
Authors: Stewart Stephen , Liu Yu-Chi , Setiawan Melina , Lin Molly Tzu-Yu , Lee Isabelle Xin Yu , Sim Nigel , Htoon Hla Myint , Ong Hon Shing , Mehta Jodhbir S.
Published: September 2022

PURPOSE:

To assess whether aqueous cytokine profiles and pupil size are altered when high capsulotomy energy is used in eyes undergoing femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery (FLACS), and if preoperative use of a topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) has an effect on this.

METHODS:

This prospective study recruited 83 eyes (63 patients) that were allocated to four treatment groups: conventional phacoemulsification (n = 20 eyes); FLACS with 90% capsulotomy energy without NSAID pretreatment (n = 20 eyes); FLACS with 90% capsulotomy energy with NSAID pre-treatment (n = 21 eyes); and FLACS with 150% capsulotomy energy with NSAID pretreatment (n = 22 eyes). Aqueous humor was collected before and after phacoemulsification to assess cytokine profiles. Pupil size was measured before and after laser capsulotomy.

RESULTS:

FLACS increased aqueous concentrations of pros-taglandin E
2
(PGE
2
), interferon γ (IFN-γ), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) compared to conventional phacoemulsification. However, when increasing capsulotomy energy from 90% to 150% (with topical NSAID pretreatment), there was no significant increase in aqueous concentrations of PGE
2
(37.7 ± 21.7 vs 33.6 ± 27.6 pg/mL,
P
= .99), IFN-γ (3.6 ± 1.1 vs 3.6 ± 0.8 pg/mL,
P
= .99), or IL-6 (7.1 ± 2.9 vs 6.3 ± 2.4 pg/mL,
P
= .99). For 90% and 150% capsulotomy energy, there was significant miosis following laser capsulotomy. Increased PGE
2
concentration was significantly correlated with a reduction in pupil area (
r
= −0.58,
P
< .001) and pupil diameter (
r
= −0.57,
P
< .001). However, when a topical NSAID was given preoperatively, there was no difference in the degree of miosis between the 90% and 150% capsulotomy energy groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

Pretreatment with a topical NSAID prevented a rise in PGE
2
, IFN-γ, and IL-6 levels and excessive miosis when a higher capsulotomy energy was used. When a topical NSAID is used preoperatively, it is safe to use higher capsulotomy energy settings (with a low pulse energy femtosecond laser system) to achieve a satisfactory capsulotomy.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(9):587–594.]