bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial transcriptomics of meningeal inflammation reveals inflammatory gene signatures in adjacent brain parenchyma
Authors: Gadani Sachin P , Singh Saumitra , Kim Sophia , Hu Jingwen , Smith Matthew D , Calabresi Peter A , Bhargava Pavan
Published: October 2024

While modern high efficacy disease modifying therapies have revolutionized the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, they are less effective at controlling progressive forms of the disease. Meningeal inflammation is a recognized risk factor for cortical gray matter pathology which can result in disabling symptoms such as cognitive impairment and depression, but the mechanisms linking meningeal inflammation and gray matter pathology remain unclear. Here, we performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided spatial transcriptomics in a mouse model of autoimmune meningeal inflammation to characterize the transcriptional signature in areas of meningeal inflammation and the underlying brain parenchyma. We found broadly increased activity of inflammatory signaling pathways at sites of meningeal inflammation, but only a subset of these pathways active in the adjacent brain parenchyma. Subclustering of regions adjacent to meningeal inflammation revealed the subset of immune programs induced in brain parenchyma, notably complement signaling and antigen processing/presentation. Trajectory gene and gene set modeling analysis confirmed variable penetration of immune signatures originating from meningeal inflammation into the adjacent brain tissue. This work contributes a valuable data resource to the field, provides the first detailed spatial transcriptomic characterization in a model of meningeal inflammation, and highlights several candidate pathways in the pathogenesis of gray matter pathology.
Predicting the sequence-dependent backbone dynamics of intrinsically disordered proteins
Authors: Qin Sanbo , Zhou Huan-Xiang
Published: October 2024

How the sequences of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) code for functions is still an enigma. Dynamics, in particular residue-specific dynamics, holds crucial clues. Enormous efforts have been spent to characterize residue-specific dynamics of IDPs, mainly through NMR spin relaxation experiments. Here, we present a sequence-based method, SeqDYN, for predicting residue-specific backbone dynamics of IDPs. SeqDYN employs a mathematical model with 21 parameters: one is a correlation length and 20 are the contributions of the amino acids to slow dynamics. Training on a set of 45 IDPs reveals aromatic, Arg, and long-branched aliphatic amino acids as the most active in slow dynamics whereas Gly and short polar amino acids as the least active. SeqDYN predictions not only provide an accurate and insightful characterization of sequence-dependent IDP dynamics but may also serve as indicators in a host of biophysical processes, including the propensities of IDP sequences to undergo phase separation.
Transformation of valence signaling in a mouse striatopallidal circuit
Authors: Lee Donghyung , Lau Nathan , Liu Lillian , Root Cory M
Published: October 2024

The ways in which sensory stimuli acquire motivational valence through association with other stimuli is one of the simplest forms of learning. Although we have identified many brain nuclei that play various roles in reward processing, a significant gap remains in understanding how valence encoding transforms through the layers of sensory processing. To address this gap, we carried out a comparative investigation of the mouse anteromedial olfactory tubercle (OT), and the ventral pallidum (VP) - 2 connected nuclei of the basal ganglia which have both been implicated in reward processing. First, using anterograde and retrograde tracing, we show that both D1 and D2 neurons of the anteromedial OT project primarily to the VP and minimally elsewhere. Using two-photon calcium imaging, we then investigated how the identity of the odor and reward contingency of the odor are differently encoded by neurons in either structure during a classical conditioning paradigm. We find that VP neurons robustly encode reward contingency, but not identity, in low-dimensional space. In contrast, the OT neurons primarily encode odor identity in high-dimensional space. Although D1 OT neurons showed larger responses to rewarded odors than other odors, consistent with prior findings, we interpret this as identity encoding with enhanced contrast. Finally, using a novel conditioning paradigm that decouples reward contingency and licking vigor, we show that both features are encoded by non-overlapping VP neurons. These results provide a novel framework for the striatopallidal circuit in which a high-dimensional encoding of stimulus identity is collapsed onto a low-dimensional encoding of motivational valence.
Whole blood transcriptional profiles and the pathogenesis of tuberculous meningitis
Authors: Hai Hoang Thanh , Thanh Hoang Nhat Le , Tram Trinh Thi Bich , Vinh Do Dinh , Nath Artika P , Donovan Joseph , Thu Nguyen Thi Anh , Van Thanh Dang , Bang Nguyen Duc , Ha Dang Thi Minh , Phu Nguyen Hoan , Nghia Ho Dang Trung , Van Le Hong , Inouye Michael , Thwaites Guy E , Thuong Thuong Nguyen Thuy
Published: October 2024

Mortality and morbidity from tuberculous meningitis (TBM) are common, primarily due to inflammatory response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aimed to uncover genes and pathways associated with TBM pathogenesis and mortality, and determine the best predictors of death, utilizing whole-blood RNA sequencing from 281 Vietnamese adults with TBM, 295 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), and 30 healthy controls. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we identified hub genes and pathways linked to TBM severity and mortality, with a consensus analysis revealing distinct patterns between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. We employed multivariate elastic-net Cox regression to select candidate predictors of death, then logistic regression and internal bootstrap validation to choose best predictors. Increased neutrophil activation and decreased T and B cell activation pathways were associated with TBM mortality. Among HIV-positive individuals, mortality associated with increased angiogenesis, while HIV-negative individuals exhibited elevated TNF signaling and impaired extracellular matrix organization. Four hub genes—MCEMP1, NELL2, ZNF354C, and CD4—were strong TBM mortality predictors. These findings indicate that TBM induces a systemic inflammatory response similar to PTB, highlighting critical genes and pathways related to death, offering insights for potential therapeutic targets alongside a novel four-gene biomarker for predicting outcomes.
Intraspecific predator interference promotes biodiversity in ecosystems
Authors: Kang Ju , Zhang Shijie , Niu Yiyuan , Zhong Fan , Wang Xin
Published: October 2024

Explaining biodiversity is a fundamental issue in ecology. A long-standing puzzle lies in the paradox of the plankton: many species of plankton feeding on a limited variety of resources coexist, apparently flouting the competitive exclusion principle (CEP), which holds that the number of predator (consumer) species cannot exceed that of the resources at a steady state. Here, we present a mechanistic model and demonstrate that intraspecific interference among the consumers enables a plethora of consumer species to coexist at constant population densities with only one or a handful of resource species. This facilitated biodiversity is resistant to stochasticity, either with the stochastic simulation algorithm or individual-based modeling. Our model naturally explains the classical experiments that invalidate the CEP, quantitatively illustrates the universal S-shaped pattern of the rank-abundance curves across a wide range of ecological communities, and can be broadly used to resolve the mystery of biodiversity in many natural ecosystems.
Habitat fragmentation mediates the mechanisms underlying long-term climate-driven thermophilization in birds
Authors: Liu Juan , Tingley Morgan W , Wu Qiang , Ren Peng , Jin Tinghao , Ding Ping , Si Xingfeng
Published: October 2024

Climatic warming can shift community composition driven by the colonization-extinction dynamics of species with different thermal preferences; but simultaneously, habitat fragmentation can mediate species’ responses to warming. As this potential interactive effect has proven difficult to test empirically, we collected data on birds over 10 years of climate warming in a reservoir subtropical island system that was formed 65 years ago. We investigated how the mechanisms underlying climate-driven directional change in community composition were mediated by habitat fragmentation. We found thermophilization driven by increasing warm-adapted species and decreasing cold-adapted species in terms of trends in colonization rate, extinction rate, occupancy rate and population size. Critically, colonization rates of warm-adapted species increased faster temporally on smaller or less isolated islands; cold-adapted species generally were lost more quickly temporally on closer islands. This provides support for dispersal limitation and microclimate buffering as primary proxies by which habitat fragmentation mediates species range shift. Overall, this study advances our understanding of biodiversity responses to interacting global change drivers.
Sleep need driven oscillation of glutamate synaptic phenotype
Authors: Vogt KE , Kulkarni A , Pandey R , Dehnad M , Konopka G , Greene RW
Published: October 2024

Sleep loss increases AMPA-synaptic strength and number in the neocortex. However, this is only part of the synaptic sleep loss response. We report increased AMPA/NMDA EPSC ratio in frontal-cortical pyramidal neurons of layers 2-3. Silent synapses are absent, decreasing the plastic potential to convert silent NMDA to active AMPA synapses. These sleep loss changes are recovered by sleep. Sleep genes are enriched for synaptic shaping cellular components controlling glutamate synapse phenotype, overlap with autism risk genes and are primarily observed in excitatory pyramidal neurons projecting intra-telencephalically. These genes are enriched with genes controlled by the transcription factor, MEF2c and its repressor, HDAC4. Sleep genes can thus provide a framework within which motor learning and training occurs mediated by sleep-dependent oscillation of glutamate-synaptic phenotypes.
Advancing healthcare through multimodal data fusion: a comprehensive review of techniques and applications
Authors: Teoh Jing Ru , Dong Jian , Zuo Xiaowei , Lai Khin Wee , Hasikin Khairunnisa , Wu Xiang
Published: October 2024

With the increasing availability of diverse healthcare data sources, such as medical images and electronic health records, there is a growing need to effectively integrate and fuse this multimodal data for comprehensive analysis and decision-making. However, despite its potential, multimodal data fusion in healthcare remains limited. This review paper provides an overview of existing literature on multimodal data fusion in healthcare, covering 69 relevant works published between 2018 and 2024. It focuses on methodologies that integrate different data types to enhance medical analysis, including techniques for integrating medical images with structured and unstructured data, combining multiple image modalities, and other features. Additionally, the paper reviews various approaches to multimodal data fusion, such as early, intermediate, and late fusion methods, and examines the challenges and limitations associated with these techniques. The potential benefits and applications of multimodal data fusion in various diseases are highlighted, illustrating specific strategies employed in healthcare artificial intelligence (AI) model development. This research synthesizes existing information to facilitate progress in using multimodal data for improved medical diagnosis and treatment planning.
Using vessels of opportunity for determining important habitats of bottlenose dolphins in Port Phillip Bay, south-eastern Australia
Authors: Ledwidge Maddison J. , Monk Jacquomo , Mason Suzanne J. , Arnould John P. Y.
Published: October 2024

Understanding species’ critical habitat requirements is crucial for effective conservation and management. However, such information can be challenging to obtain, particularly for highly mobile, wide-ranging species such as cetaceans. In the absence of systematic surveys, alternative economically viable methods are needed, such as the use of data collected from platforms of opportunity, and modelling techniques to predict species distribution in un-surveyed areas. The present study used data collected by ecotourism and other vessels of opportunity to investigate important habitats of a small, poorly studied population of bottlenose dolphins in Port Phillip Bay, south-eastern Australia. Using 16 years of dolphin sighting location data, an ensemble habitat suitability model was built from which physical factors influencing dolphin distribution were identified. Results indicated that important habitats were those areas close to shipping channels and coastlines with these factors primarily influencing the variation in the likelihood of dolphin presence. The relatively good performance of the ensemble model suggests that simple presence-background data may be sufficient for predicting the species distribution where sighting data are limited. However, additional data from the center of Port Phillip Bay is required to further support this contention. Important habitat features identified in the study are likely to relate to favorable foraging conditions for dolphins as they are known to provide feeding, breeding, and spawning habitat for a diverse range of fish and cephalopod prey species. The results of the present study highlight the importance of affordable community-based data collection, such as ecotourism vessels, for obtaining information critical for effective management.
Identification of common and specific cold resistance pathways from cold tolerant and non-cold tolerant mango varieties
Authors: Wang Jian-hua , Feng Xiaoyan , Ashraf Muhammad Aleem , Li Yufeng , Kong Yu , Cai Qiuliang , Xian Shuli , Yin Huixiang , Yu Nai-tong
Published: October 2024

Mango has frequently encountered severe climate and environmental challenges such as low temperatures, seriously affecting the sustainable development of the industry. In the study, physiological measurements showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were found to be higher in Jinhuang (JH) mango plants than those of Tainong (TN) mango plants under cold stress, indicating cold tolerant (JH) and non-cold tolerant (TN) mango varieties were firstly determined. Subsequently, transcriptomics showed 8,337 and 7,996 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were respectively identified in JH and TN mango varieties treated at 4 °C for 36 h, while more DEGs (10,683 and 10,723) were screened when treated at 4 °C for 72 h. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) of the selected DEGs confirmed their transcriptional levels displayed agreement to the transcriptome data. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses showed two primary cold resistant regulation pathways, photosynthesis-antenna proteins pathway and photosynthesis pathway, were both significant annotated in the two mango varieties, indicating share the common regulation mechanism response to cold stress. However, five specific cold resistant pathways, such as amino acid and carbohydrate metabolisms, were identified in JH mango variety with cold stress for longer duration, indicating the specific regulation pathways in the cold tolerant mango varieties. Furthermore, 43 ethylene-responsive transcription factors (ERFs) were significantly annotated in JH mango after cold-treated for 72 h comparing with the control group, and three of them ERF109-1, ERF017-1 and ERF017-2 were highly expressed, which may play important regulatory roles in plant cold resistance. These results provided insights into the primary and specific molecular mechanisms of different mango varieties resistance to chill.
Pesquisas em políticas públicas no triênio 2021-2023: um rastreamento de estudos na base de dados SciELO
Authors: Ferreira João Paulo de Sousa , Pederneiras Marcleide Maria Macedo
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo objetivou investigar as pesquisas brasileiras dos últimos 3 (três) anos sobre políticas públicas incluídas na base de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). O estudo é exploratório e de abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Em uma primeira etapa, procedeu-se a extração de dados mediante o emprego de descritores e a seleção dos estudos por critérios de inclusão, dentre os quais o cronológico. Em uma segunda etapa, passou-se à análise descritiva do corpus dos 22 (vinte e dois) artigos científicos selecionados, considerando a metodologia, o recorte temático adotado e o impacto científico do número de citações. Como resultado, verificou-se que a maior parte das pesquisas é desenvolvida na grande área das Ciências Sociais Aplicadas e que há preferências metodológicas e teóricas: primazia pela abordagem qualitativa e por investigações de políticas públicas propriamente ditas, nos diferentes níveis governamentais. Nesse último caso, majoritariamente, os estudos tinham por objeto políticas públicas mais abrangentes e desenvolvidas em nível nacional.
Therapeutic Potential of Centella asiatica Linn in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Short Communication
Authors: Channe Pallavi Prakash , Kharat Avinash
Published: October 2024

Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic progressive disease characterised by fibrosis of the oral mucosa, leading to restricted mouth opening and difficulties in speech and swallowing. Modern science has explored a variety of surgical and medicinal therapy approaches, but the outcomes are often unsatisfactory due to recurrence, side effects, and, at times, a worsening of the condition due to fibrosis. Adjuvant therapies, especially antifibrotic herbs, are urgently needed for better treatment outcomes in OSMF. Centella asiatica Linn, also known as Indian pennywort or Asiatic pennywort, has shown potential therapeutic benefits in the treatment of OSMF. This short communication summarises studies indicating that Centella asiatica Linn has the potential to act as an antifibrotic agent, as it downregulated most fibrotic markers in both in-vivo and in-vitro set-up.
Market Concentration of Branded Rice in Kerala
Authors: K S Shahana , K N Ushadevi
Published: October 2024

In Kerala rice is a staple diet. As per the information from Kalady Rice Millers’ Consortium, 40 per cent of the consumers in Kerala prefer branded rice, and out of this Kerala absorbs only 16 per cent, the rest of the branded rice is from outside states like Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. This study investigates the market concentration of Kerala’s branded rice market, focusing on the dominance of a few key players and its market share, pricing power, and concentration. The analysis employs four-firm concentration ratio, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), Gini coefficient and the Lorenz curve to reveal an oligopolistic structure, where a small number of firms control a substantial portion of the market. Major players like Pavizham, Keerthi Nirmal, Periyar, Kottaram, and Jayabharath, alongside the Kalady Rice Miller’s Consortium, play a crucial role in shaping the branded rice market in Kerala. The study involved a survey conducted between November 2023 and June 2024, with a random sample of 10 non-exporters, 5 exporters, and one co-operative rice mill, selected from the 46 branded rice manufacturers in the state, predominantly from Ernakulam and Palakkad districts. The findings of the study highlighted that the branded rice market in Kerala had an oligopolistic behaviour. This research fills a gap in understanding the distribution of market power in Kerala’s rice industry and offers suggestions for fostering greater competition and inclusivity in the market.
Studies on the Detection of Viruses Infecting Capsicum Species in the Northern Zone of Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Ekpiken Emmanuel Etim , Eyong Oduba Ikwa
Published: October 2024

The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence, detection, and geographical spread of viruses that infect pepper (Capsicum spp.) in six towns spanning two local government areas (Yala and Ogoja) in the northern zone of Cross River State. A total of 348 leaf samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic pepper plants were randomly collected from farmer's fields during a survey in 2023–2024. The samples were then preliminary tested using an antigen coated plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ACP-ELISA) with seven antibodies specific for ToLCV, Cowpea aphid borne mosaic virus (CABMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Potato virus X (PVX), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), and Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV). The findings showed that the viruses that infect pepper in Yala had a high cumulative mean incidence, accounting for 56.9% (198 infected samples). Yache in Yala had the highest virus incidence at 90%, while Bansara in Ogoja had the lowest at 40%. At different rates, ToLCV, CMV, PVY, and PVMV were found in the samples; PVX, TMV, and CABMV were not found. The CMV virus was the most commonly discovered of them. Additionally, mixed infections between the viruses—between ToLCV and PVY in Yache and between CMV and PVMV in Bansara—were found. This is the first report on account of viruses found in pepper in the northern part of Cross River State. The findings show that the viruses that cause the infections are common and might potentially be a threat to the production of pepper in that region.
The Mediating Effect of Service Quality on The Relationship between Customer Relationship Management and Hotel Performance in Davao Region, Philippines
Authors: Namuag Angelo J.
Published: October 2024

This study determined the mediating effect of service quality on the relationship between customer relationship management and hotel performance in Davao region. The descriptive correlational research design was utilized in this study with a sample of 150 hotel employees who are selected using random sampling technique. Sets of validated adapted survey questionnaires were used in obtaining data from the respondents which was distributed and collected in both online and face to face method. The data were analyzed using the Mean, Pearson-r, multiple regression analysis and med graph using Sobel z-test. The results revealed that the levels of customer relationship management, hotel performance, service quality are evident most of the time. Moreover, significant relationship existed between these variables. Lastly, a significant partial mediation of service quality on the relationship between customer relationship management and hotel performance in Davao region was proven in the study.
Degradation of Amoxicillin in Water by Fenton, Photo-fenton and Photocatalysis Using Copper Oxide
Authors: Ollo Kambiré , Robin Manouan Wedjers Max , Amadou Kouyaté , Urbain Kouakou Yao , Mohamed Berté , Quand-Même Gnamba Corneil , Sylvestre Koffi Konan , Jocelin Kimou Kouakou
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the presence of drug residues in water has become a major environmental issue. Among these pollutants is amoxicillin. Our aim is to propose effective methods for decontaminating wastewater containing amoxicillin. This study was carried out using the chemical oxygen demand method. This work has shown that hydroxyl radicals can effectively degrade amoxicillin. The rate of hydroxyl radical production from hydrogen peroxide and iron (II) ions increases in the presence of sunlight. Amoxicillin oxidation is optimal at a pH of 3 and a [H2O2]/[Fe2+] ratio of 13.33. Amoxicillin degradation is faster at low concentrations than at high concentrations. The oxidation of amoxicillin by photo-Fenton results in degradation rates of up to 99%. A study of the adsorption of amoxicillin on copper oxides showed that amoxicillin adsorbs weakly to the amoxicillin surface, with an adsorption rate of 17%. However, in the presence of amoxicillin, hydrogen peroxide and sunlight, degradation rates of up to 99% were obtained. This work has shown that the degradation of amoxicillin is better with solar photo Fenton and solar photocatalysis in the presence of copper oxide than with the Fenton process.
Preliminary Studies on Seed Dormancy of Premna latifolia Roxb.
Authors: Rawat Shweta , Thapliyal Manisha
Published: October 2024

Background: Premna latifolia Roxb. (Lamiaceae) is a deciduous tree distributed in Africa to China, throughout Indochina and Malaysia, to Australia and the Pacific. The various parts of the plant (leaves, stem bark and root) is reported to have numerous medicinal properties. The lack of understanding and consideration of dormancy and germination traits of a species could result in unsuccessful restoration programme. The aim of the present study was to investigate the nature of seed dormancy of P. latifolia that have low germination in natural conditions.
Materials and Methods: To determine the type of seed dormancy, water imbibition and germination test were performed. Seeds were treated by mechanical scarification, Gibberellic acid (GA) and combined treatment of scarification and GA before allowing them to imbibe in moist paper.
Results: All the treated (mechanically scarified, GA treated, mechanically scarified + GA treated) and untreated (control) seeds imbibed water for 4 days, however the maximum imbibition occurred in scarified seed + GA3 500ppm for 24 h (40.3%) followed by mechanically scarified seeds (38.7%). Higher germination was observed in scarified seeds + GA3 500ppm for 24 h (44%) followed by GA3 500ppm for 24 h (29.3%). Whereas, lowest germination was observed in untreated seeds (6.6%).
Conclusion: Seeds possess non -deep physiological dormancy which requires scarification and treatment of GA to enhance germination.
Genetic Variability and Correlation Studies in Red Rice (Oryza sativa L.) for Yield Related Traits and Grain Zinc, Iron and Protein Content
Authors: Hulmani Navya B , Jakkeral Shridevi A , Kolakar Shashikala S , Halingali Basavaraj I , B. C. Dhananjaya
Published: October 2024

Aims: Nutrient deficiencies, particularly zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and protein, pose severe health risks especially in children and lactating women. Red rice is significantly rich in iron, zinc and protein compared to white rice. The present investigation was undertaken in this context to elucidate information on variability and character association in red rice genotypes to identify effective selection criteria for grain yield and quality improvement of red rice genotypes.
Study Design: Randomized complete block design with two replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Brahmavar, Udupi during Kharif 2023.
Methodology: A total of 108 red rice genotypes were used in the study and observations were recorded for ten characters. Protein was estimated by Kjeldhal method, zinc and iron content by Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) method. The data collected was subjected to statistical procedures using R software.
Results: Analysis of variance revealed significant variation among the genotypes for all the characters studied. Grain Zn (11.4-44.7ppm), Fe (13.11-37.12ppm) and protein (5.0-11.43%) showed wide range of variability. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for Zn, number of productive tillers per plant, Fe, grain yield per plant, number of grains per panicle and plant height. Correlation studies revealed that grain yield per plant exhibited significant positive association with yield component traits. Protein and Fe content had negative association with grain yield.
Conclusion: The traits that have high PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic advance as per cent mean are controlled by additive gene action which is very valuable for selection. The traits that are positively correlated with grain yield can be used for indirect selection which aids crop improvement. Karthika, Bilihallga and Shahara genotypes have high protein, iron and zinc respectively, which can be used in the further breeding program to develop nutritionally rich varieties.
Physicochemical and Nutritional Evaluation of Mango Purees from the Savanes District under Different Storage Conditions
Authors: Liliane Kouamé Maïmouna , Fabrice Zoro Armel , Souleymane Soumahoro , Constant Acho Florentin , Nando Yéo , Abdoulaye Touré , Réné Soro Yadé
Published: October 2024

Mangoes are perishable commodities subject to continuous changes which lead to post-harvest losses. Thus, developing effective conservation methods is necessary in order to reduce these losses. Main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of storage at 4°C and 25°C on the physicochemical and nutritional properties of mango purees from 3 departments (Boundiali, Korhogo and Sinématiali) of the district of savannahs. After stabilization of the purees, the physicochemical and nutritional parameters were determined according to standardized methods. Results of the study revealed fluctuations in parameters during storage. After 4 weeks of storage at 4°C, the moisture content, pH and acidity oscillated between 82.90 ± 0.20 – 88.61 ± 0.70%, 3.50 ± 0.05 – 4.21 ± 0.02 and 6.00 ± 0.02 – 8.66 ± 0.30 meq/, respectively. 100g. As for storage at 25°C after 4 weeks, these parameters varied respectively between 82.90 ± 0.20 – 93.23 ± 0.55%, 3.21 ± 0.12 – 4.21 ± 0.02 and 6.00 ± 0.02 – 9.10 ± 0.02 meq/100g. Residual nutrient contents after 4 weeks at 4 °C were included: soluble dry extract (18 ± 0.00 – 13.33 ± 0.17 °Brix), reducing sugars (0.35 ± 0.02 – 0.89 ± 0.02 %), total sugars (0.73 ± 0.04 – 1 .19 ± 0.11 %), proteins (3.97 ± 0.15 – 5.87 ± 0.26%) and vitamin C (6.56 ± 0.09 – 11.15 ± 0.05 mg/100g). After 4 weeks of storage at 25°C, the variations were as follows: soluble dry extract (18 ± 0.00 – 11 ± 0.00 °Brix), reducing sugars (0.28 ± 0.03 – 0.89 ± 0.02%), total sugars (0.49 ± 0.01 – 1.19 ± 0.11 %), proteins (3.97 ± 0.15 – 9.40 ± 0.15%) and vitamin C (4.86 ± 0.10 – 11.15 ± 0.05 mg/100g). In view of these results, it would be desirable to keep the purees stabilized at 4°C and 25°C for respectively no more than 4 weeks and 2 weeks in order to contribute to the food security of the Ivorian population.
Effect of Edible Coatings on Morphological Characters of Strawberry Fruits
Authors: Berwa Naresh , Meena Ram Lakhan , Maji Sutanu , Kumari Monu , Meena Kriparam
Published: October 2024

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) a member of rosaceae family, is a monoecious, short day, succulent, thalamus, perennial herb and quick growing fruit plant. Strawberries are processed into various value-added products such as canned strawberry, jam, jelly, ice cream, wine and other soft drinks. Strawberry is a delicious but delicate fruit with 2-4 days shelf life on ambient condition. Fruit of strawberry are very delicate and highly perishable in nature which resulted very short life span and considerable postharvest loss. The use of edible coating improved the shelf life of strawberry in general compared to untreated control. Significant difference was observed for effect of edible coating on strawberry for all the quality parameter during storage. The fruit weight, width and length decreased in all edible coating treatment. The minimum decrease in fruit weight, Width and length was recorded in treatment T7 (EC + Aloe vera gel 20%) while, the minimum decrease in volume and specific gravity of fruit in the same edible coating.
Evaluation of IPM Module for the Management of Key Insect Pests in Chilli
Authors: Senthilkumar M. , Ayyadurai P. , Senthilkumar P. , Deivamani M. , Thangeswari S. , Paramasivam M. , Sivakumar B. , Sasikumar K.
Published: October 2024

Chilli is a crop cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of India, and the crop is attacked by a multitude of pests at different crop stages. The present study revealed that field experiments were laid out with three treatments, viz., IPM module, farmer practice, and untreated control, at Kuttiyagoundanur village of Kolathur block of Salem District, Tamil Nadu. The results of the IPM capsule for the management practices of major pests and diseases, including viral diseases in chillies. The pre-treatment count on thrips/leaf was non-significant in all treatments, and it ranged from 7.20 to 8.40 thrips/leaf. Among the three treatments, farmers practice of chemical control recorded less infestation of 2.93 thrips/leaf, followed by the IPM module recording 3.60 thrips/leaf. Before adoption of treatment, the mite/leaf count was between 17.09 and 19.23 mite/leaf. The IPM module recorded less infestation of 5.32 mites/leaf, followed by farmers practice recording 12.90 mites/leaf. The pre-treatment count of Helicoverpa armigera larvae was between 3.20 and 3.72 larvae/plant. Among the treatments, chemical control recorded less infestation of fruit borer and fruit damage (0.17 larvae/plant) and 1.40 percent, followed by the IPM module, which is 1.17 larvae/plant and 4.91 percent. The leaf curl infection was low in farmers practices. 10.82 percent, followed by the IPM module recorded 15.26 percent. Maximum fruit yield of 11200 kg/ha with a comfortable B:C ratio of 2.96 was obtained in the IPM module, followed by farmer practice with a B:C ratio of 2.91.
Experimental Study for Wave Overtopping Volume Estimation of Rubble-Mound Structure Using Pressure-Current Speed Relationship
Authors: Lee Jong-In
Published: October 2024

In this study, a new method for wave overtopping measurement was proposed. The proposed method utilize the pressure-current speed relationship and the wave overtopping height. The relationship between pressure and current speed was studied using a flow channel, and the validity of the method for measuring wave overtopping was examined using a two-dimensional wave flume. After installing a pressure gauge in the current channel, the change in pressure according to the increase in current speed was measured, and the relationship between pressure and current speed was derived. The proposed method showed high accuracy when the incident angle was normal condition, and it was confirmed that the accuracy decreased somewhat as the incident angle increased. The reason that the accuracy is somewhat lower under oblique incidence conditions is because the sensitivity to pressure and current speed is high. In addition, when the amount of wave overtopping was large, the relative error increased, but the correlation coefficient between the measured and the estimated overtopping volume was relatively high. It was confirmed that the proposed method was possible as a method for wave overtopping measurement in the field.
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Authors: . .
Published: October 2024

Background: Dyslipidaemia has been proposed as a potential risk factor for breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum lipid profiles and breast cancer among women, comparing lipid levels between breast cancer patients and healthy controls. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted at SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, from ethics committee approval until June 2024. The study included 100 breast cancer patients and 100 matched healthy controls. Inclusion criteria were individuals aged 18 years or older with informed consent, while exclusion criteria included critically ill patients, those with malignancies other than breast cancer, and those on lipid-lowering therapy. The lipid profile was assessed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) guidelines. Data collection involved clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical analysis of serum lipid levels. Results: The mean age of participants was 48.5 years for the Case Group and 45.92 years for the Control Group. Serum lipid profiles showed significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) in breast cancer patients compared to controls, with TC at 197 ± 42.2 mg/dl vs. 174.06 ± 38.46 mg/dl, LDL at 152.65 ± 32.57 mg/dl vs. 121.09 ± 24.56 mg/dl, and TG at 162.12 ± 15.64 mg/dl vs. 138.23 ± 22.99 mg/dl. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) was significantly lower in breast cancer patients (36.0 ± 16.60 mg/dl vs. 50.60 ± 17.64 mg/dl). Subgroup analysis by age showed similar trends across different age groups. No significant differences were observed between premenopausal and postmenopausal women in lipid levels. Conclusion: Elevated serum lipid levels, particularly TC, LDL, and TG, are associated with breast cancer. Monitoring and managing lipid levels may offer potential benefits in breast cancer prevention and treatment strategies.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) In Dental Clinical Practice
Authors: Ghorai Laboni , Lasune Priyanka B.
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) characterized as the ability of a machine to mimic human intelligence, has been a breakthrough in technological advancements during the last few decades and has made a huge impact on our everyday life. In current scenario, it has become necessary for the dental professionals too to get oriented with clinical as well as technological advancement to provide easy, rapid, relatively cost-effective and excellent patient care. In dentistry, artificial intelligence has been playing a significant role in improving diagnosis, treatment planning and quality of patient care. But dental practice involves more than just disease diagnosis and includes evaluating correlation between clinical and radiographic findings and administering customized definitive treatment to the patients. Hence, AI cannot replace dentists but can definitely help reducing his efforts and assisting him in decision making. This review provides information about the existence of this new technology, its current applications and its influence on dental practice
Association Between Secondhand Smoking and Cardiovascular Health Among the U.S. Adult Population Who Participated in the 2017-2018 NHANES Survey
Authors: Sojitra Margi
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to expand upon previous research by investigating the relationship between exposure to secondhand smoking and cardiovascular health in the general U.S. population across various demographic variables. Methods: Using a nationally representative sample, from the 2017-2018 NHANES survey, patterns of secondhand smoking and cardiovascular health issues were examined. This relationship was examined individually and in combination with other sociodemographic characteristics such as gender, family income/poverty, race, education level, birth country, U.S. citizenship status, and language of interview using multivariate logistic regression. Results: The data included 3882 subjects including 23.6% of participants who were exposed to secondhand smoking while 76.33% had not been exposed. Individuals who reported that they were not exposed to secondhand smoke had 32.1% lower odds (95% CI: 0.56-0.82) of having cardiovascular health issues compared to individuals who reported being exposed secondhand smoke, (95% CI: 0.56-0.82). Additionally, statistically significant associations between secondhand smoking and cardiovascular health were identified when factoring in various demographic factors such as gender, ratio of family income poverty, birth country, U.S. citizenship status, education level, and cardiovascular health issues. Conclusion: These results indicate that secondhand smoking exposure should be avoided to potentially reduce the risk of cardiovascular health issues
Eruption Cyst: A Case Report
Authors: Duseja Nikita Rajkumar , Bahuguna Rachana , Ahmed Adnan , Veerkhare Sumedh
Published: October 2024

An eruption cyst (EC) is a benign, nonodontogenic lesion. It appears as a Semi-spherical swelling in the mucosa overlying an erupting tooth. This condition occurs when the dental follicle separates from the crown, leading to the formation of a fluid-filled space. Eruption cysts usually have an epithelial lining and are encased in fibrous connective tissue. In a case involving an eleven-year-old girl, a painless, dome-shaped swelling was observed in the lower left posterior region of her jaw. This was diagnosed as an eruption cyst associated with tooth 35. An inferior alveolar nerve block was administered under local anesthesia. An access opening on tooth 75 was made and horizontal incision was given to drain the cystic fluid. Post-operative care included antibiotics and pain management. Follow-up visits showed significant healing, and subsequently pulpectomy and placement of a stainless-steel crown on tooth 75 was carried out. This case highlights the importance of conservative management for eruption cysts in pediatric patients, ensuring effective treatment while minimizing discomfort.
Antibiotic Resistance And The Future Of Infection Control
Authors: Devi Juturu Revathi , Satyavathi Mantri , Varsha Gunturu , Reshma Syed , Sharmila Shaik , Ravisankar Panchumarthy
Published: October 2024

This review article focuses on the essential topic of antibiotic resistance, a growing global health threat that calls into question the efficacy of previously effective therapies. It starts by recognizing the enormous influence that antibiotics, which were discovered in the 20th century, have had on medicine. Despite their effectiveness in treating infections, these medications' overuse and abuse have had unforeseen repercussions. Pathogens have evolved a number of defense mechanisms against antibiotics as their usage in human healthcare, agriculture, and animal husbandry has increased. This resistance extends throughout communities and the environment in addition to occurring in clinical settings. The paper emphasizes how environmental variables, agricultural runoff, and other microbes can all contribute to the acquisition of resistance genes. It highlights how gene transfer contributes to the rapid proliferation of resistant strains. The worldwide nature of travel and trade adds to the complexity of this problem by making it easier for resistant germs to spread across national boundaries. Many antibiotics could become ineffective as a result of this resistance crisis, which would raise healthcare expenses, lengthen hospital stays, and raise mortality rates. The essay emphasizes the necessity of a multipronged strategy, including improved antibiotic stewardship, surveillance initiatives, and public education, to counter this threat. It urges cooperation between researchers, legislators, and healthcare professionals in order to create novel remedies and encourage the prudent use of antibiotics. In order to protect public health for future generations, the review intends to increase awareness and motivate action against the spread of antibiotic resistance by addressing these interrelated issues.
Discordance LSM Et SA A Propos D’une Série De Cas
Authors: Bakkali S. , Atouf O. , Yakhlef I. , Morabit K. , Essakalli M.
Published: October 2024

L’étude des anticorps anti-HLA est d’une importance ultime dans le bilan pré-greffe rénale. La technologie Luminex a dépassé de loin les anciennes techniques pour la recherche et l’identification des anticorps anti-HLA cependant, elle n’est pas dénuée de limites vu qu’elle est soumise à de nombreux artefacts qui rendent difficile l’interprétation des résultats. Ce travail s’est intéressé à comparer les résultats du dépistage et de l’identification des Ac anti-HLA pratiqués par la technique Luminex. En effet, cette analyse constitue l’un des piliers du bilan immunologique pré-greffe rénale, vu son impact sur la sélection d’un donneur potentiel et donc sur la greffe du patient.
Correlation Between Thyroid Disorders And Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Devineni Dr.Sai Sahul , Reddy Dr.P Meghana , Tejeswini Dr.P Lakshmi
Published: October 2024

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Next-Generation Intracanal Medicaments: Deciphering Their Impact
Authors: Wadhawan Richa , Kushwah Vyomita , Rizvi Sayma , Mandal Noor Zuber , Kumar Anand , Saha Rishav
Published: October 2024

Next-generation intracanal medicaments are set to revolutionize endodontic therapy, effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional treatments. Central to their transformative impact is their unparalleled ability to thoroughly disinfect the root canal and drastically reduce microbial load—key factors for successful treatment outcomes. Calcium hydroxide has long been regarded as the gold standard in endodontic treatment. However, recent innovations have introduced powerful alternatives that significantly improve both antimicrobial effectiveness and biocompatibility. These advanced agents not only target resistant bacterial strains with precision but also promote the healing and regeneration of periapical tissues, paving the way for significantly improved patient outcomes. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the various intracanal medicaments currently available, assessing their effectiveness through robust clinical studies and cutting-edge laboratory research. Ongoing investigations aimed at optimizing these treatments highlight their transformative potential, especially in managing non-vital teeth, periapical diseases, abscesses, and dental trauma. By enhancing disinfection processes and minimizing complications, these innovative medicaments elevate the overall patient experience and outcomes. Ultimately, the evolution of these intracanal agents represents a monumental leap forward in the pursuit of optimal endodontic care, emphasizing the critical need for continuous innovation in dental therapies. As we embrace these advancements, we move closer to a future where endodontic treatment is not only more effective but also more compassionate, transforming the lives of patients and enhancing their journeys toward oral health.
Synergistic effects of HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor blocker on load‐induced heart failure
Authors: Ito Yusuke , Maejima Yasuhiro , Tamura Natsuko , Shiheido‐Watanabe Yuka , Konishi Masanori , Ashikaga Takashi , Hirao Kenzo , Isobe Mitsuaki
Published: March 2018

5‐Hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have beneficial effects in patients with heart failure (HF), regardless of serum cholesterol levels. However, their synergic effects with angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) remain to be established. We assessed the existence and potential underlying mechanisms of the effects of combined ARB [losartan (LOS)] and statin [simvastatin (SIM)] on cardiac function in rats and mice with load‐induced HF. Salt‐loaded Dahl salt‐sensitive (DS) rats were treated with vehicle, LOS, SIM, or LOS + SIM for 8 weeks. To mimic load‐induced HF in vitro, cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM) were cyclically stretched. We also investigated the effect of LOS + SIM on pressure overload‐induced HF using mice with transverse aortic constriction (TAC). LOS + SIM improved left ventricular (LV) function and reduced LV hypertrophy more than the monotherapies in both salt‐loaded DS rats and TAC‐operated mice. LV‐tissue increases in Rho kinase and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 activity were decreased to a greater extent by LOS + SIM than by LOS and SIM monotherapies. Plasma levels of Exp‐3174, a LOS metabolite, were higher in LOS + SIM‐treated DS rats than in LOS‐treated rats. Stretch‐induced hypertrophy of NRCM pretreated with SIM + Exp‐3174 was significantly attenuated from that with LOS, Exp‐3174, SIM, or LOS + SIM. SIM administration significantly enhanced mitophagy in mouse hearts after TAC. However, LOS + SIM reduced mitophagy, and the salutary effect of SIM in mouse hearts after TAC was abolished in AT1R−/− mice. In conclusion, LOS and SIM have beneficial myocardial effects on load‐induced HF via differential pleiotropic effects. Thus, combination therapy of these drugs thus has potential as a therapeutic strategy for HF.