bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Much Heirs’ Property Is There? Using LightBox Data to Estimate Heirs’ Property Extent in the United States
Authors:   Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Dobbs G. Rebecca , Johnson Gaither Cassandra ,   USDA, Forest Service, Southern Research Center
Published: February 2024

The ramifications of a tenancy in common or heirs’ property ownership are extensive. This kind of tenuous ownership affects not only individual families but also the economic health of the typically minority and lower-wealth communities where these properties tend to cluster. Very little research has identified heirs’ property extent at a broad scale, however. We present results of our approach to identifying heirs’ parcels for every county and census tract in the United States, using geospatial methodologies and aggregated parcel records acquired from LightBox. The method estimated 444,172 heirs’ parcels for the U.S., not including territories. The combined acreage is 9,247,452 worth $41,324,318 billion. We discuss shortcomings of secondary parcel data and the problems this presents for accurately assessing heirs’ property extent, while the spatial location aspect allows us to analyze for spatial patterns such as clustering, which supports new analyses of issues associated with heirs’ property.
Referral Pathways and Service Connections Among Heirs’ Property Owners in South Carolina
Authors:   Center for Heirs' Property Preservation, Stephens Jennie , Simington Jasmine ,   University of Michigan
Published: February 2024

Researchers, practitioners, and policymakers interested in alleviating heirs’ property ownership precarity have long sought to connect these owners to titling and land management resources, but there is limited scholarly evidence on successful interventions. Using administrative data from the Center for Heirs’ Property Preservation® (CHPP®), this article explores the demographic characteristics, types of direct legal services received, and referral pathways of landowners seeking legal assistance from CHPP® between 2017 and 2021. We find that applicants are primarily elderly, Black women, referred through four main pathways: (1) owners’ personal networks, (2) CHPP® Outreach efforts, (3) CHPP® partner organizations—including public, private, and nonprofit agencies, and (4) word of mouth (other individuals/entities not formally connected with CHPP®, including outside legal and forestry professionals). Last, we identify a strong desire for estate planning among applicants, despite documented legal distrust among heirs’ property owners. This analysis has important implications for designing targeted interventions to assist heirs’ property owners beyond the South Carolina context.
Black Land: Research Note on the Heirs’ Property to Poverty Pipeline in Louisiana
Authors:   Louisiana Appleseed Center for Law and Justice, Davis Ifeyinwa , Hall Lauren ,   Loyola University
Published: February 2024

Successful heirs’ property reform—the Uniform Partition of Heirs Property Act (UPHPA)—is widespread in the United States. Despite these advancements, Louisiana falls behind. Louisiana is the only state in the Deep South that has not enacted legal reform to protect heirs’ property owners. Heirs’ property locks many Black Americans into persistent poverty and economic oppression, eliminating generations of Black American wealth. This research note describes and examines these issues. Articulating the history of systemic legal oppression of Black land ownership, this article demonstrates how the current legal state shuns Black Americans economically and sociopolitically disadvantages them. It also examines how enacting the UPHPA could help Black Louisianans achieve economic stability.
Conserving the Critically Endangered Anacamptis coriophora L. in Türkiye through Ex Vitro Seed Germination
Authors: HARZLI İnes , ÖZDENER KÖMPE Yasemin
Published: February 2024

Anacamptis coriophora (Orchidaceae) is a highly endangered orchid in Türkiye due to its excessive collection and the continuing deterioration of its habitat. In this study, the cultivation conditions of A. coriophora were determined. A sterile soil mixture was filled into jars and the fungal isolate (previously isolated from A. coriophora roots), Ceratobasidiaceae MG762693 was inoculated in separate glass jars, producing fungal compost when hyphae were developed. This fungal compost was then filled into pots where A. coriophora seed packs (0.001 g) were placed and subsequently moistened with sterile liquid nutrient medium. After 45 days of germination, fifty seedlings of approximately equal size were transferred directly to a natural environment and after 6 months of development the measuring of the tubers was done. The phenological process was then monitored until flowering. After 45 days, germination and developmental stages rates were determined from the seed packs in the pots inoculated with the Ceratobasidiaceae MG762693 fungal isolate and 64.3% germination and 11.75% leaf-rooted seedlings (stage 4) occurred. Plants flowered in June the following year, and the seeds ripened in July. The largest tuber in adult individuals was about 3 times the weight of first-year tubers. Each individual formed 2 or 3 tubers, thus increasing the number of tubers approximately 2.5 times in 2 years. In this study, ex vitro symbiotic seedlings were planted in the natural environment and a small population was formed in a 2-year period. The results revealed that orchids can be grown on a large scale with this method, both economically and for conservation and reintroduction.
The influence of gentle processing of orange sweet potato on quality properties of purees
Authors: Nistor Oana-Viorela , Andronoiu Doina-Georgeta , Tănase Butnariu Luiza-Andreea , Mocanu Gabriel-Dănuț
Published: February 2024

Ipomoea batatas L. represents one of the most important tuber crops, after potato, and could be a real aid in preventing food insecurity, and malnutrition or sustaining a healthier lifestyle. Four thermal treatments were used to process the raw sweet potatoes into ready-to-eat products: boiling, steaming and steaming coupled with ohmic heating at two different voltage gradients (17.5 V/cm and 20 V/cm). Proximate composition, phytochemicals content, color parameters, viscosity, and texture as the main quality properties of the orange sweet potato purees were determined. The sample processed through steaming coupled with ohmic heating registered higher values for the total phenolic content (4.60±0.30 - 5.15±0.15 mg GAE/g DW) and total flavonoids content (7.07±0.41 - 7.66±0.88 mg EQ/g DW), compared to the control sample (4.33±0.28 mg GAE/g DW for the and 4.52±0.30 mg EQ/g DW, respectively), when determining the phytochemical profile. Among all the applied heat treatments, the mastication process was significantly improved when combining steaming with ohmic heating. These results are promising for developing new ready-to-eat products containing high nutritive tubers.
PENANGGULANGAN NYAMUK Aedes aegypti MELALUI PERAN DASA WISMA DI LINGKUNGAN RT 06 RW 03 RANGKAPAN JAYA BARU, DEPOK, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Puspitasari Riris Lindiawati , Haq Ainul
Published: February 2024

Tingginya angka kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue menempatkan Indonesia sebagai daerah endemis penyakit tersebut pada beberapa wilayah. Beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya hal tersebut adalah dari faktor lingkungan, cuaca, iklim, dan manusia. Kurangnya praktik Pembersihan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN) yang ada di masyarakat menyebabkan peningkatan demam dengue. Masih rendahnya sanitasi dan hiegine lingkungan RT 06 RW 03 Rangkapan Jaya Baru, Depok mengakibatkan adanya warga yang terkena demam dengue. Sebanyak 2 orang warga harus menjalani perawatan intensif di rumah sakit akibat demam dengue dalam 1 bulan. Kejadian tersebut mendorong pengurus RT melaksanakan beberapa upaya pencegahan agar tidak ada lagi warga yang terkena demam dengue. Upaya tersebut melibatkan 10 dasa wisma. Dasa wisma melaksanakan kegiatan antara lain sosialisasi gerakan pembersihan sarang nyamuk (PSN) dan monitoring jentik nyamuk. Hasil kegiatan yaitu warga berperan aktif saat sosialisasi PSN baik saat diskusi maupun praktik di lingkungan, tidak ditemukannya jentik nyamuk di tempat penampungan air rumah warga, dan terdapat selokan yang tidak mengalir. Evaluasi capaian sosialisasi dan monitoring menghasilkan diperlukan adanya konsistensi warga untuk melaksanakan PSN di lingkungan masing-masing. Pendampingan dilaksanakan oleh pengurus RT dengan meninjau ke rumah warga secara berkala dan mengingatkan warga untuk selalu melaksanakan PSN.
Comunicación efectiva en inglés como lengua extranjera a través de presentaciones orales con póster académico
Authors: Martín Marchante Beatriz , Cerezo Herrero Enrique
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo de investigación se ha desarrollado en el marco de un proyecto de innovación educativa (PIME) de la Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), España en el que se pretende analizar en qué medida el póster académico, como género discursivo multimodal, puede aumentar la eficacia comunicativa en las presentaciones orales de estudiantes para Inglés para Fines Específicos. Para dicho fin, se ha contado con la participación de 346 estudiantes de distintos grados de ingeniería de la citada universidad. La recogida de datos se ha llevado a cabo mediante un pre y post cuestionario ad hoc de valoración prospectivo para conocer la experiencia previa y el grado de satisfacción de los participantes respecto al nivel de adquisición de la competencia comunicativa en lengua inglesa mediante este recurso pedagógico. Los resultados han sido positivos, ya que una amplia mayoría de los participantes afirma que el póster académico resulta eficaz para fomentar determinadas destrezas lingüísticas y expresan su satisfacción con el proyecto llevado a cabo. Así pues, el póster académico se perfila como una herramienta de gran valor pedagógico a la hora de desarrollar la competencia comunicativa del alumnado en inglés como lengua extranjera.
Entrevista con Luciano Boi ¿Qué es la topología? Matemáticas, ciencia, filosofía y arte
Authors: Romero Contreras Arturo
Published: February 2024

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Pos-posmemoria. Desgaste del tiempo, olvido, reactivación
Authors: Bertrand Denis
Published: February 2024

La pos-posmemoria atraviesa las generaciones: ¿qué es lo que permanece de aquellos lejanos traumas? ¿Cómo se articulan la memoria y el olvido a largo plazo? Basándose en las masacres de San Bartolomé, en 1572, este artículo cuestiona las variaciones discursivas de la memoria, entre la rememoración y la conmemoración, a través del examen de tres estrategias discursivas: la de un historiador (Benedict Anderson), la de un religioso (François Clavairoly) y la de un personaje político (Anne Hidalgo). Fundamentando el análisis en los supuestos teóricos de la semiótica, se propone una reflexión más general sobre el olvido, fenómeno que, entre el desgaste temporal y la prescripción política, expande su imperio. La memoria se presenta entonces como resistencia y confrontación. El enfoque semiótico permite esbozar una modelización de esta modulación de sujetos implicados en la pos-posmemoria.
Sobre la distinción entre Stimmung y sentimientos existenciales: la relevancia de los casos psiquiátricos
Authors: Vieira Lopes Marcelo
Published: February 2024

Debates recientes en filosofía, psicología y ciencias cognitivas han enfatizado el papel de las emociones como constituyentes del sustrato básico de nuestra vida afectiva. La investigación fenomenológica contemporánea, en particular, ha abordado la dimensión experiencial de las emociones y su relación con cuestiones ontológicas y taxonómicas. Este trabajo busca contribuir a dicho debate con la presentación de una distinción entre la noción de Stimmung, de Heidegger, y la de sentimientos existenciales, de Ratcliffe. Como los Stimmungen de Heidegger, los sentimientos existenciales determinan cómo se encuentra uno mismo en el mundo. En algunos casos, sin embargo, el mundo puede parecer irreal, distante, permeado por una profunda desesperación. Mi principal objetivo es, por tanto, clarificar la relación entre estas categorías descriptivas, apelando a la descripción de trastornos psiquiátricos. Presento razones taxonómicas, conceptuales y metodológicas para distinguir Stimmung de sentimientos existenciales.
أساليب التوجيه المفروضة على الناخبين لاختيار مرشح انتخابات المجالس البلدية واللامركزية الأردنية: تطبيق نظرية متغيرات النمط
Authors: Alazzam Abdelbaset
Published: February 2024

الأهداف: تسعى الدراسة إلى الكشف عن أنماط اختيار الناخبين لمرشح انتخابات المجالس البلدية واللامركزية في الأردن، ضمن أساليب التوجيه التي تفرض عليهم، مُشتقّة من نظرية متغيرات النمط.
المنهجية: طبقت الدراسة على عيّنة قوامها (544) ناخبًا وناخبة، جرى سحبها بطريقة قصدية من محافظة إربد في الأردن، مُرتكزة على المنهج الوصفيّ التحليليّ؛ حيث جُمِعَت بيانات العينة بالوصول إلى مناطق الدراسة، وأُجريَت المقابلة مع من وافقوا على الإداء ببياناتهم، خلال فترة الحملة الانتخابية بين يناير وأواخر فبراير لعام 2022.
النتائج: أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أنّ أسلوب توجيه المنفعة فُرِض على الناخب "بدرجة مرتفعة"، وتمثّل في اختيار المرشح الذي يحترم مشاعر منطقته ويقدرها، ويجعل للناخب عملًا أو جاهًا في حملته الانتخابية. وأنّ أساليب توجيه العائلة ألزمت الناخب "بدرجة مرتفعة" اختيار المرشح ذي التميز الانتخابي. كذلك وجهّت أساليبُ التوجيه الجماعية الناخبَ "بدرجة مرتفعة" لاختيار المرشح الذي دافعه للمشاركة هو خدمة عشيرته، ويقدم مستوى خدماتيًا لائقا لمنطقته. إضافة  إلى ذلك، فُرضت أساليب التوجيه غير الرسمية على الناخب "بدرجة متوسطة"، وتمثلت في اختيار المرشح الذي لا يهاب أحدًا في اتّخاذ قرارات لصالح أقاربه، ولديه شبكات معارف واسعة. كما ألزمت القيم والمعايير السائدة الناخب  على نحو "مقبول" اختيار المرشح الذي يتمتع بسجل أخلاقيّ نظيف، ويقدم وظائف خاصة ومنافع مستقبلية.
الخلاصة: توصي الدراسة بضرورة تمكين الناخب بالوعي السياسي لاختيار مرشح الإدارة المحلية، بناءً على المقاييس العامة، والحياد الوجداني، والإنجاز، والوعي بالدور، والتوجه الجماعي.
La simulación clínica como estrategia de enseñanza en los programas de formación en salud del Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje (SENA), Colombia
Authors:   , Zuleta Uribe María Elena
Published: February 2024

En este proyecto se presenta una innovación pedagógica, dirigida a las y los docentes de los programas de salud del nivel técnico y tecnológico del Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje (SENA) en Colombia que utilizan la simulación clínica en los procesos de enseñanza, a fin de explotar el potencial didáctico-pedagógico de los simuladores y revisar algunas dificultades que en materia de enseñanza mediante la simulación clínica se detectaran en la entidad. Esta propuesta tiene como objetivo acompañar el empleo de la simulación clínica como una vía para que las y los estudiantes construyan conocimientos y se apropien de información vinculada a prácticas profesionales, durante el periodo de formación. La implementación de la propuesta incluyó una acción inicial, que nos permitiera reconocer el ámbito de aplicación que prosiguió con dos acciones centrales de este proyecto cuyos destinatarios eran los y las instructores del SENA de la red de salud que utilizaban la simulación dentro de los procesos formativos de los que formaban parte. La primera, consistente en la elaboración de un documento que incluyera el detalle de las orientaciones para el abordaje de la simulación clínica como estrategia didáctica, un documento con características de guía didáctica que acompañaría a los equipos docentes responsables de las simulaciones. La segunda acción, estaba orientada a impulsar la simulación clínica como metodología didáctica-evaluativa y al simulador como un instrumento para vehiculizar los recursos teóricos compartidos con las y los estudiantes, y por eso se planificó la realización de tres cursos-talleres, cuyos contenidos fueron validados por expertos en la materia. La planificación e implementación de la propuesta que se detalla a continuación se entiende como una contribución a la formación docente al potenciar la simulación clínica como metodología didáctica y evaluativa para el desarrollo de habilidades para las y los aprendices en áreas de la salud, que a su vez impactará en la seguridad del futuro paciente.
Strategy-implementation & Employee Performance among Commercial Banks Sampling the Centenary Bank of Uganda
Authors:   University of Kisubi, Uganda, Kyomugisha Catherine
Published: February 2024

This research article examines the effect of strategy-implementation on employee performance among commercial Banks, with reference to the Centenary Bank of Uganda. It thus seeks to establish the effect of strategy resource allocation, strategy communication and strategy supervision on employee performance at the Centenary Bank. A descriptive research design was used and data collected from a sample of 123 respondents. Data was analyzed by using frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, Spearman’s rank correlation and regression analysis with the help of SPSS version 25. The research-study found a statistically significant and positive relationship between strategy resource allocation (rs = 0.648, p = 0.000); strategy communication (rs = 0.504, p = 0.000); and strategy supervision (rs = 0.398, p=0.010) and employee performance. 53.8% of the variations in employee performance is jointly explained by the predicator variables. It went on to conclude that strategy resource allocation, communication and supervision have a significant positive effect on employee performance at Centenary Bank. The research-study recommends that the Bank has to allocate resources that will reward employees who excel in implementing strategy in their departments. Further, it has also recommended that an open-door policy that allows employees to receive timely communication on matters relating to strategy should be implanted. This will help in ensuring that they are perpetually informed about new developments in the strategy. Strategy supervision during strategy-implementation thus needs to be strengthened.
Electromagnetically spinning viscometer designed for measurement of low viscosity in low shear rate region
Authors: Hosoda M. , Yamakawa Y. , Sakai K.
Published: February 2024

The electromagnetically spinning method for measurement of fluid viscosity was improved to obtain accurate values of low viscosity in the low shear rate region. Harmful effects derived from the mechanical friction to the smooth rotation of the rotor are thoroughly eliminated by employing a viscosity probe suspended by a thin metal wire. In our previous study, the motion of the meniscus of the sample surface also acted as a troublesome resistant torque for probe rotation, which was addressed by employing a sandwiched structure of the disk probe between the bottom and top plates. The measurements were carried out in two procedures. In the freely oscillating operation, we could measure the viscosity of the atmosphere with a viscosity of approximately 1/100 of that of water. The second type of quasi-steady measurement enabled a measurement of pure water in the range of shear deformation rates smaller than 1 s−1.
Se la montagna non va da Maometto…
Authors: Rondinelli Paolo
Published: February 2024

Una lettrice ci chiede quale sia l’origine del proverbio Se la montagna non va da Maometto, Maometto va alla montagna e quale rapporto abbia con il mondo islamico; un altro lettore domanda quale tra le versioni Se la montagna non va da Maometto… e Se Maometto non va alla montagna… sia quella originale.
Technical Language Processing for Efficient Classification of Failure Events for Safety Critical Equipment
Authors: Ottermo Maria Vatshaug , Håbrekke Solfrid , Hauge Stein , Bodsberg Lars
Published: February 2024

Previous research has investigated how automated annotation and technical language processing of maintenance work orders can support maintenance decisions for different types of equipment, e.g., Sexton et al. (2018) and Brundage et al. (2021). The objective of this paper is to investigate how technical language processing can be utilized for efficient and automated classification of failure events for safety critical equipment on petroleum facilities (e.g., gas detectors and shutdown valves). For such equipment, maintenance decisions are heavily influenced by the consequence of a failure, e.g., if the failure is classified as critical or degraded, or dangerous or safe.

To explore the possibilities for automated classification of failure events, the paper will first present the fundamental concept hierarchy needed during annotation of safety critical equipment on petroleum facilities. This hierarchy is based on previous work where taxonomies from the ISO 14224:2016 standard (ISO 14224, (2016)) have been operationalised and detailed for safety critical equipment. The concept hierarchy is tested by a group of experts on a set of notifications to ensure that it is fit for purpose. The results from the test group are then used to refine the concept hierarchy before a larger group of persons, having different roles in the petroleum industry, is engaged in the entity typing of notifications. This entity typing will then provide the basis for mapping informal technical language to a computable format. By combining this knowledge with available structured information, such as failure mode and detection method, it is expected that an automated, standardised, and more efficient classification of failure events will be possible. Our database of several thousand manually classified notifications collected during the last decade, will finally enable us to evaluate the performance of the automated classification.
Unsupervised Anomaly Detection for Hard Drives
Authors: Barelli Enrico , Ottaviani Ennio
Published: February 2024

In the age of smartsensors and industry 4.0 continuous monitoring of different machinery produce enormousamount of data, because of that datacenters are now-a-days a very important asset not only for large scale cloud providers, but also for medium to large enterprises,which decide to store in-house the ever increasing data collected during business operations.

An efficient method for the maintenance of the great number of hard-drives housed in datacenters is critical to assure avaiability in a cost effective manner.Since 2013, Backblaze \url{https://www.backblaze.com/} has published statisticsand datasets for researchers to gain insights on hard drive performaces andtheir failures, in this paper more than 2.5 million records, following hard-drives S.M.A.R.T readings for over a year, will be analyzed.

The objective of this paper is to show that it is possible to build a completelyunsupervised pipeline which produces an anomaly score that highlycorrelates to hard drives time to failure (TTF), in such a way a decisionto replace them can be made before failure, with minimal waste due to false alarms. Favorable comparisons with state of the art supervised classifiers will be presented.

A brief example of how such a pipeline can beextended for data streams and continuos sensor monitoring will be given.
Impact of Data Quality on Maintenance Work Order Analysis: A Case Study in Historical HVAC Maintenance Work Orders
Authors: Conte Anna , Bolland Coline , Phan Lynn , Brundage Michael , Sexton Thurston
Published: February 2024

Historical data from maintenance work orders (MWOs) is a powerful source of information to improve maintenance decisions and procedures. However, data quality often impacts an analyst’s ability to calculate important Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and analyze trends within a facility. Data quality can refer to the amount of missing data, accuracy of data, or availability of appropriate data fields. The end goal of an analysis dictates the task’s particular data quality requirements. When data quality is low, analysis accuracy is reduced and further insight is required from maintenance personnel familiar with the particular facility to interpret findings. This paper presents a case study of using historical MWO data to identify which HVAC assets are the best candidates for further monitoring, illustrating the impact of missing values from key data fields. The case study demonstrates approaches to analyzing an imperfect dataset using a Natural Language Processing (NLP) annotation software’s tagging system (known as Nestor) to perform structured data extraction from the MWO free text fields. These findings can be used to guide future data analysis workflows when faced with imperfect maintenance data. We demonstrate how incomplete data collection impacts a facility’s ability to use historical MWO data.
Bayesian Vehicle Fleet Survival Analysis based onWorkshop-Service Data
Authors: Steinberg Simon , Baumann Wolf , Gegusch Rene , Schmiechen Philipp , G¨utermann Dominik
Published: February 2024

This paper presents a fully Bayesian approach for lifetime prediction of anautomotive fleet using real workshop-service data as input. Fleet lifetime prediction is an important issue for the decision-making process in the automotive industry. For instance, fleet lifetime prediction assists engineering teams in monitoring their products under real-life conditions in the field. Furthermore, it provides future cost-projections to the board which thereupon can guide financial support effectively to research and development projects.Also, fleet lifetime prediction plays a key-role in planning spare part pre-production to enable early closing of current productions lines in favor of re-configuring them for new products.
The paper explores a problem instance containing more than 170\,000 individual vehicles driving in 100 different countries exhibiting a certain failure, pre-selected for this study. The shape of the corresponding lifetime distribution suggests the presence of at least two different mechanisms that lead to failure. This behavior has to be taken into account in the lifetime prediction model, i.e., simple models were not sufficient to describe the lifetime accurately,but more complex mixture models had to be utilized.
The suggested lifetime estimator consists of a combination of two probabilistic models. For a given point in time in the future, the first model predicts the effective age of each individual of the fleet. The second model attempts to forecast the total number of failures that will arise for the entire fleet. Both probabilistic models are fully Bayesian, i.e., all parameters of the models are implemented as probability distributions and computations are solely performed on distributions rather than on summarizing statistics. Thus, the predictive output of a Bayesian model is not a point estimate butagain a probability distribution, the so-called posterior predictive distribution (PPD). As a consequence, uncertainty of the predictions is made accessible in a very natural way and can be taken into account in the decision-making processexplicitly. As will be shown in the paper, working with the PPD becomes especially important, or even indispensable, when dealing with decision-making cost-functions that are not symmetric.
Diagnosing the Stage of COVID-19 using Machine Learning on Breath Sounds
Authors: Ramasubramanian Chinmayi
Published: February 2024

With rapidly increasing COVID-19 cases, patients with mildand moderate symptoms are being asked to home-isolate themselvesto save hospital resources for more severe patients.Such patients have been asked to self-monitor themselves andseek medical attention if their condition worsens. COVID-19 affects the respiratory system and home-isolated patientsmust monitor their lung condition continuously before it quicklydeteriorates. But this is difficult to monitor by oneself, and thepatient may not notice his worsening lung condition before itis too late. A machine-learning based approach is proposedto monitor lung condition by analyzing the breath sounds ofa patient for respiratory sounds like wheezes, crackles andtachypnea, which in turn can identify the stage of COVID-19. Data from a respiratory sound database with recordingsfrom 226 patients was split into 6898 respiratory cycles andpre-processed. In this paper, two approaches are evaluated.The first approach is demonstrated using Google Cloud AutoMLwith the recordings of respiratory cycles which wereconverted to spectrograms to train the model. In the secondapproach, Log Mel filter-bank features were extracted fromthe breath sounds and used to train multiple CNN models tohierarchically classify breath sounds. This ensemble-learningwith hierarchical-model approach achieved a better accuracyof 78.12%. This model can be integrated with a mobile applicationto record and analyze breath-sounds. This will enablethe patient to admit himself sooner if he is progressing to asevere stage of COVID-19.
Age and Condition-Based Preventive Replacement Timing for Periodic Aircraft Maintenance Checks
Authors: Freeman Floris , Van Kessel Paul , Verhagen Wim
Published: February 2024

By anticipating impending failures and addressing those with preventive replacements, Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) can provide several economic benefits to aircraft operators. While Prognostics and Health Monitoring (PHM) methods are widely available, scheduling of tasks originating from those methods is a relatively new challenge. To avoid incurring extra cost and ground-time, these maintenance tasks are typically scheduled during already existing (conventional) maintenance slots such as periodic checks. Following this strategy, an aircraft component would have to be replaced if a failure precursor is detected that is expected to result in failure between the next two checks. The decision following from that detection depends on the chosen decision threshold of the prognostic or diagnostic model, which can be represented by a point on the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve. Selecting the optimal operating point for each maintenance check is challenging, as it depends on the age-dependent reliability of the component, the performance of the prognostic (diagnostic) model, the interval of the periodic check and the cost of (corrective and preventive) maintenance. This paper presents an innovative method for selecting optimal operating points for all periodic checks throughout the lifetime of an aircraft component. This is done by means of a numerical optimization model that finds operating points that minimize the component’s total maintenance cost per flight hour. A case study on a compressor of a wide-body aircraft is presented, which shows that by using this method, additional economic value from existing PHM can be realized without the need for additional investments.
An Adaptive Framework For Remaining Useful Life Predictions Of Aircraft Systems
Authors: Bieber Marie , Verhagen Wim J.C. , Santos Bruno F.
Published: February 2024

Prognostics for condition-based maintenance does not only consist of prognostic algorithms but also involves steps such as data pre-processing, feature extraction, and feature selection, all of which contribute to the quality of the remaining useful life estimation. This process requires a lot of expertise and technical knowledge, which for many application systems is neither feasible nor affordable. In this paper, therefore, we present a generic framework with the capability to automatically choose the optimal settings for prognostics, given a specific data set. The framework consists of two phases. In the first one, a genetic algorithm optimizes the choice of methodologies together with hyperparameter settings for the feature extraction, feature selection, and prognostic algorithm selection. In the second phase, the identified settings define the prognostic setup, which in turn is used to train the model for remaining useful life estimation. This framework is then applied to a simulated aircraft engine data set. The first results show that remaining useful life estimates are comparable to the values obtained using established prognostic algorithms on the same data set. In addition, the framework is applied to estimate the remaining useful life of real aircraft systems. Results on underlying data sets suggest that the generic prognostic framework can easily and quickly be adapted to various systems. In further consequence, such a generic framework offers a way to assess the feasibility of prognostics for systems depending on the underlying existing data sets.
Rapid Material Characterization using Smart Skin with functional Data Analysis
Authors: Palanisamy Rajendra Prasath , Mukherjee Subrata , Haq Mahmood , Deng Yiming
Published: February 2024

Automotive industries in the last decade are demanding for lightweight, corrosion resistance and improved fatigue performance materials. Composites having all such properties quickly gain popularity. Due to complex fabrication methods, composites are known for various process defects. Thus, monitoring and characterizing the composite component before assembly is necessary to maintain the overall structural integrity. Further a rapid and reliable inspection is much needed addition in most automotive industries to save time.

Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) is popular for component testing in the automobile industry because they do not cause any permanent alteration to components. Some NDE techniques require sensors (Piezo Electric transducers, PVDF films, Optical fiber, etc.) that need to be bonded to the structure for testing. Some of these sensors are expensive and cannot be reused once detached. This work aims at the reusability of sensors. Further, the reusable sensors can be deployed in an array configuration for multi-purpose NDE. SMART Skin shall be explained as a Multiple-Transmitter-Multiple-Receiver (MTMR) Piezo-ceramic based sensor (PZT) array which is embedded to a conformable skin. The bottom layer of the skin is coated with pressure-sensitive adhesive to be attached to most curved and non-curved structural surfaces. Each PZT sensor nodes are individually controlled by a MATLAB code that actuates and receive the GW waves signals.

In this work, we have validated the ability of rapid material characterization using isotropic materials.

Using experimental data collected by the proposed methodology, we have developed an automated material classification algorithm using various machine learning algorithms. A novel application of functional data analysis (fDA) which converts discrete samples into continuous curves is used. The curves are represented as linear combinations of basis functions. The advantage of this fDA method is that we use the shape of the signal instead of extracting features from the signal. Several choices of basis coefficients such as fourier series, wavelet and B-spline are considered of which spline basis gives the best results. These basis coefficients are then feed into machine learning models like Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), k nearest neighbor (knn) for classification. The efficacy of this novel method is compared with conventional feature extraction techniques such as zero-crossing coefficients, absolute maximum value, different statistical features like mean and variance, energy of the signal. Encouraging results are obtained that shows the fDA methodology is efficient over the conventional feature extraction methods as it improves the prediction performance on the classifier and result in a faster and cost-effective model by reducing the predictor dimensionality.
Rule-based Diagnostics of a Production Line
Authors: Aimiyekagbon Osarenren Kennedy , Muth Lars , Wohlleben Meike , Bender Amelie , Sextro Walter
Published: February 2024

In the industry 4.0 era, there is a growing need to transform unstructured data acquired by a multitude of sources into information and subsequently into knowledge to improve the quality of manufactured products, to boost production, for predictive maintenance, etc. Data-driven approaches, such as machine learning techniques, are typically employed to model the underlying relationship from data. However, an increase in model accuracy with state-of-the-art methods, such as deep convolutional neural networks, results in less interpretability and transparency. Due to the ease of implementation, interpretation and transparency to both domain experts and non-experts, a rule-based method is proposed in this paper, for prognostics and health management (PHM) and specifically for diagnostics. The proposed method utilizes the most relevant sensor signals acquired via feature extraction and selection techniques and expert knowledge. As a case study, the presented method is evaluated on data from a real-world quality control set-up provided by the European prognostics and health management society (PHME) at the conference’s 2021 data challenge. With the proposed method, our team took the third place, capable of successfully diagnosing different fault modes, irrespective of varying conditions.
Quality Health Services for Adolescents: Assessing Awareness and Use of Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health Services in Keta, Ghana
Authors: Akakpo Edem , Sah Christoph , Kumah Augustine , Fianu Patrick L. , Oppong Dora Asantewaa , Kodjo Matilda Mawusi
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Although adolescents have access to sexual and reproductive health services, they encounter a variety of obstacles, including limited access to safe abortion and contraceptives, early pregnancy and parenthood, and a high occurrence of sexually transmitted infections. This research assessed the awareness and use of adolescent sexual reproductive health services in the Keta Sub-district of Ghana.

Methods

A cross-sectional study using a quantitative method of analysis and the administration of a structured questionnaire to 350 adolescents between the ages of 14 and 19 in the Keta Sub-district was conducted.

Results

Of the 10 services covering adolescent sexual and reproductive health, 75% of participants were aware only of comprehensive sex education. Only 27% were aware of sexually transmitted infection prevention and care services. Awareness was 13% or lower for the remaining eight services. Only 24% had used an adolescent sexual reproductive health service.

Conclusion

Awareness of adolescent sexual reproductive health services and their use is low in the Keta Sub-district. To improve access to sexual and reproductive health information, sub-district health services should create school-based satellite clinics for adolescents. Adolescents’ ambassadors should be created to educate peers on adolescent issues, especially sexual and reproductive health.
ETIKA DALAM PEMANFAATAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) PADA GENERASI Z DI PONDOK PESANTREN SYARIFUL ANAM KOTA CIREBON
Authors: Theguh  , Bisri Bisri , Nawawi Fuad
Published: February 2024

Pada abad post modern ini, teknologi telah menjadi komponen kunci dalam mendefinisikan manusia dan masyarakat. Kehadiran teknologi, terutama dalam bentuk teknologi informasi dan komunikasi seperti Artificial Intelligence (AI), telah mempengaruhi berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman dasar tentang teknologi AI pada santri di pesantren  Syariful Anam, sehingga para santri dapat lebih memahami cara kerjanya dan potensi pemanfaatannya serta meningkatkan kesadaran tentang etika dan memberikan wawasan tentang dampak teknologi AI secara luas dan memberikan perspektif yang lebih holistik. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu dengan memberikan seminar sebagai upaya interaktif dan diskusi untuk menyampaikan informasi dan pengetahuan kepada peserta. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa peserta, termasuk Generasi Z, menunjukkan antusiasme dan kesadaran yang tinggi tentang pentingnya etika dalam pemanfaatan teknologi AI. Dengan pemahaman etika yang mendalam tentang penggunaan teknologi AI, Generasi Z diharapkan dapat menjadi pemimpin masa depan yang tidak hanya cerdas secara teknologi, tetapi juga memiliki kesadaran etika yang tinggi
Alert System to Prevent Drowning using IoT- A Survey
Authors: Amshavalli M. , Nandhini A. , Sathiya S. , Sheelamani M.
Published: February 2024

Swimming is a popular sport as it is a pleasant recreational hobby. Aside from its physical benefits, it also relieves stress and gives a sense of peace. So, it is highly preferred by children’s, adults, and sometimes even elderly people. Many countries have made swimming and other life skills compulsory activities in school to avoid fatalities in the event of disaster. While swimming has many advantages, safety precautions are paramount to avoid unintentional deaths. While various drowning prevention systems and technologies have been developed, many of them lack accuracy in detecting drowning incidents and fail to provide an effective rescue mechanism for swimmers in distress. To develop a smart anti-drowning and alert system, this study presents a comprehensive survey of existing drowning systems and suggests a proposed model in response to the identified gaps and challenges in current systems. The suggested framework includes Arduino microcontrollers, voice recognition technology, ultrasonic sensors, and alert generators. The proposed approach not only addresses the constraints of existing systems, but it also provides a cost-effective and scalable solution that can be used in a variety of water environments, including pools and natural bodies of water. The suggested system has the potential to reduce reaction times in emergency circumstances, adding to the overall enhancement of water safety. Future research could focus on practical implementation, testing, and improvement of the proposed model to improve its usefulness in reducing drowning accidents.
ANALISIS PENGARUH CAMPURAN LIMBAH PLASTIK LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE DAN FLY ASH TERHADAP DENSITAS, KUAT TEKAN DAN KONDUKTIVITAS TERMAL SEBAGAI BAHAN ALTERNATIF BATAKO
Authors: Al Ayyubi Dzal Aidi , Fadhli Dzil Ikram
Published: February 2024

The availability of energy, including electrical energy, is dwindling and most of the energy used comes from non-renewable energy in decreasing amounts. In addition to the availability of energy, global warming is also a problem for the whole world. Greenhouse gas emissions are the main cause of global warming. Various types of human activities can also increase gas emissions, one of which is the use of electrical energy. The use of AC or air conditioner is an electronic device that requires a lot of electrical energy. To minimize the use of air conditioning, we need bricks that have a low thermal conductivity value but are still light and strong. Utilization of waste is something that is still rarely done. Some types of waste that are rarely used are LDPE plastic waste and fly ash. Both of these wastes have characteristics that are very suitable to be used as alternative raw materials in making bricks. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of density, compressive strength and thermal conductivity as well as the quality produced by brick made from LDPE plastic and fly ash. The research was carried out by melting LDPE plastic and then mixing it with fly ash until smooth to be printed and testing for density, compressive strength and thermal conductivity. From the research results obtained the best data for density 1.265g/cm3, compressive strength 28.6518 MPa and thermal conductivity 1.427 W/mK.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KECEPATAN ALIRAN UDARA PANAS DAN WAKTU PENGERINGAN TERHADAP LAJU PENGERINGAN DAN KADAR AIR KERUPUK TAPIOKA MESIN PENGERING OTOMATIS
Authors: Maulana Irfan , Anggara Mietra , Aldrin  , Hidayat Amri
Published: February 2024

Kerupuk tapioka merupakan jenis kerupuk yang terbuat dari tepung tapioka yang dihasilkan dari umbi singkong. Pada pembuatan kerupuk tapioka salah satu proses penting yang harus dilakukan adalah proses pengeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kecepatan aliran udara panas dan waktu pengeringan terhadap laju pengeringan, dan kadar air kerupuk tapioka pada mesin pengering kerupuk otomatis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental, dengan menguji pengaruhnya terhadap laju pengerigan dan kadar air pada mesin pengering kerupuk.  Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa laju pengeringan tertinggi ada pada perlakuan dengan kecepatan 2,5 m/s dengan waktu 150 menit sebesar 1,43 gram/menit. Kemudian pengujian pada kadar air dengan waktu 180 dan 210 menit dengan kecepatan 1, 2, dan 2,5 m/s sudah mencapai kadar air yang sesuai dengan SNI yaitu max 8%. Ditarik kesimpulan bahwa dengan bertambahnya kecepatan udara laju pengeringan semakin meningkat dan semakin lama waktu pengeringan maka kadar air yang dihasilkan semakin menurun.

Kata Kunci :  Pengering kerupuk, mesin pengering otomatis, laju pengeringan dan kadar air kerupuk tapioka
Analisis Kekuatan Pengelasan Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) Material SS400 Menggunakan variasi Kawat Las dan Arus Listrik dengan Metode Uji Bending
Authors: Hairul Nikmal , Aldrin Aldrin , Dzil Ikram Fadhli , Anggara Mietra
Published: February 2024

Pengelasan adalah proses penyatuan dua buah logam menjadi suatu bentuk sambungan dengan menggunakan proses panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa besar nilai kekuatan uji bending pada pengelasan gas metal arc welding (GMAW) menggunakan kawat las ER70S-3 dengan variasi arus listrik, yaitu 80A, 100A dan 120A. Metode pengelasan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah gas metal arc welding (GMAW), material yang digunakan adalah SS400 dengan ukuran panjan 150 mm, lebar 20 mm dan tebal 10 mm. jenis kampuh yang digunakan adalah kampuh V dengan kemeringan 60° sesuai standar AWS G1. 1:2000. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah pengujian bending dengan metode Three Poin Bending. Spesimen uji bending berdasarkan standarisasi ASTM E32-02. Nilai kekuatan uji bending paling rendah adalah pada kuat arus 80A dengan nilai rata – rata 17,3 kN dan nilai tegangan bending sebesar 1.946,25 N/mm². Nilai rata – rata kekuatan uji bending pada kuat arus 100A yaitu 18,0 kN dan nilai tegangan bending sebesar 2.025 N/mm². untuk kuat arus 120 adalah yang terbesar dengan nilai rata – rata 19,8 kN dan nilai tegangan bending sebesar 2.227,5 N/mm².
ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Kazan, Russian Federation, Markova Svetlana V. , Borisov Andrey N. ,   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Artificial intelligence is a modern tool, the scope of which is expanding every year. In this study, it is considered as an element that can not only increase the efficiency of business processes and production, but also transform them. The issues that can be effectively solved with the help of AI have been identified. Moreover, an analysis has been conducted of how AI is used in various fields. The AI market is considered and the trends of its development are determined. The barriers that hinder the development of AI in Russia are also formulated.
POPULAR SCIENCE TOURISM AS A NEW TOURIST DESTINATION IN THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia, Parasotskaya Nataliya N. , Chernykh Natalia A. ,   College of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2024

Since there is no definition of “popular science tourism” in the Russian regulatory framework, therefore, with the help of systematization and classification of types of tourism, in this article we will describe the content of its conceptual apparatus, which will serve to identify the main participants in its popularization and financing methods.