bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiotherapy of malignant nasal tumors in 67 dogs
Authors: Adams William M. , Withrow Stephen J. , Walshaw Richard , Turrell Jane M. , Evans Sydney M. , Walker Michael A. , Kurzman Ilene D.
Published: February 2025

The nasal cavity of 67 dogs with malignant nasal neoplasia was treated with radiation. Preirradiation surgical cytoreduction of the tumor was done in 41 dogs. Fifty dogs were irradiated by use of 10 fractions over 22 days, and 17 dogs were given a similar total dose in 5 fractions over 35 days.

The range of survival times (0.5 to 42 months), median survival time (8.5 months), and 1- and 2-year survival rates (38% and 30%, respectively) were better than those expected for other methods of treatment. Serious complications were few (4%).

Survival times for dogs were determined on the basis of histologic tumor type and on the basis of megavoltage (cobalt or linear accelerator) vs softer deep radiation (cesium or orthovoltage) treatment, with or without cytoreductive surgery. Survival times of 10 dogs given softer radiation without surgery were shorter than those of 14 dogs that were given softer radiation and had cytoreductive surgery. Survival times of dogs that were given softer radiation and had surgery were similar to those of dogs that were given megavoltage radiation only. Cytoreductive surgery did not improve survival times for dogs that were given megavoltage radiation. Median survival time for 38 dogs with adenocarcinoma was 12 months, compared with 6 months for 14 dogs with squamous cell or undifferentiated carcinoma. Median survival time for 16 dogs with a variety of sarcomas was 11.2 months. Survival times of dogs with adenocarcinoma or sarcoma were significantly better (P<0.02 or 0.03) than for dogs with squamous cell or undifferentiated carcinoma. Necropsies were performed on 27 of 58 dogs that died or were euthanatized. Metastases were found in 41% of those necropsied; lungs and regional lymph nodes were the most common sites affected.

Surgery before radiation appeared to be important to the efficacy of softer deep radiation treatment for nasal tumors. The population with the longest median survival (15.2 months) was the 21 dogs with adenocarcinoma that had cytoreductive surgery and softer deep radiation.
Use of an external skeletal fixation device and bone graft for arthrodesis of the metacarpophalangeal joint in horses
Authors: Richardson Dean W. , Nunamaker David M. , Sigafoos Robert D.
Published: February 2025

Arthrodesis of the metacarpophalangeal joint was attempted in 9 adult horses, using a new external skeletal fixation device and autogenous cancellous bone graft. Four horses had excellent results, 2 horses had fair results, arthrodesis failed in 2 horses, and 1 horse fractured the third metacarpal bone. The advantages of the technique included minimal surgical trauma to the area of injury, immediate rigid fixation of the metacarpophalangeal joint, and access for treatment of soft-tissue lesions at the site of injury. Although pin loosening and pin-track infection were complications when the device was in place, all pin tracks healed without complications after device removal.
Prevalence of Fascioloides magna in cattle and deer in Michigan
Authors: van Veen T. W. Schillhorn
Published: February 2025

A survey among 1.12 million cattle slaughtered in 357 packing plants in Michigan during 1977 to 1981 was conducted to determine the prevalence of liver fluke infection. The condemnation rate of liver fluke-infected livers was 0.41, 3.7, and 13.9% in the southern, northern-lower, and upper regions of Michigan, respectively. The same trend in infection rates was observed in white-tailed deer that had been examined in diagnostic laboratories in the state. A serologic survey among 50 randomly selected dairy farms detected Fascioloides antibody-carrying cattle in 3 farms. The data on prevalence in slaughter cattle were slightly biased, because many slaughter cattle originated from other states in which F magna may be less common.
Isolation of l-form variants after antibiotic treatment in Staphylococcus aureus bovine mastitis
Authors: Sears P. M. , Fettinger M. , Marsh-Salin J.
Published: February 2025

An unstable l-form of Staphylococcus aureus was identified in milk samples from 3 quarters of 2 cows after treatment with cloxacillin. Milk samples incubated on standard 5% blood agar plates were culture-negative for 7 to 30 days after treatment, but S aureus was reisolated in 80% of 66 samples by additional culturing on enriched l-form media when incubated in 10% CO2 at 37 C. The organism was identified at various phases of reversion of l-form agar and was confirmed on transfer to blood agar plates.
Colorectal adenocarcinoma in dogs: 78 cases (1973–1984)
Authors: Church Edgar M. , Mehlhaff Cheryl J. , Patnaik Amiya K.
Published: February 2025

Colorectal adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in 78 dogs. Clinical signs in all 78 dogs included tenesmus, hematochezia, and dyschezia; most ofthe dogs had clinical signs ≤12 weeks before examination. Ultimately, most dogs were euthanatized because of the severity of clinical signs. Proctoscopy and colonoscopy were essential for complete assessment of extent of disease. Tumors were classified by gross appearance and included single, pedunculated masses, 2 or more nodular masses, and annular or intraluminal masses. In dogs in which survival time was compared with location and gross appearance of the tumor, dogs with annular masses had the shortest mean survival time (1.6 months), and dogs with single, pedunculated, polypoid tumors had the longest mean survival time (32 months). The rectum was a more common site than the colon, with 48.2% of the tumors developing in the middle portion of the rectum. Six different modes of surgical treatment were used, depending on the location and type of mass. Dogs that did not have surgical treatment had a mean survival time of 15 months. Mean survival time in the surgically treated dogs varied slightly according to mode of treatment; they survived 7 to 9 months longer than the untreated dogs. Dogs that underwent cryosurgery and local excision had the longest survival times (24 and 22 months, respectively). Statistical analysis disclosed a significantly longer survival time for dogs treated by excision or cryosurgery, as opposed to dogs undergoing biopsy only (P = 0.0001). Statistical difference in survival times was not found between dogs that had mass excision and those that had cryosurgery.
Pseudomonas mastitis: Difficulties in Detection and elimination from contaminated wash-water systems
Authors: Erskine R. J. , Unflat J. G. , Eberhart R. J. , Hutchinson L. J. , Hicks C. R. , Spencer S. B.
Published: February 2025

Histories of 4 dairy herds with increased incidence of Pseudomonas mastitis associated with contaminated wash hoses in milking parlors are described. Problems of detection and elimination of the organism from contaminated water sources and the inadequacy of iodide germicides in eliminating Pseudomonas are discussed. In problem herds, greater numbers of organisms often are found in the water left standing in the wash hoses between milkings. Thus, flushing of hoses before their use in the milking process may be beneficial in reducing exposure of the cows to the organism.
Serum neutralizing antibody titers in dairy cattle administered an inactivated vesicular stomatitis virus vaccine
Authors: Gearhart M. A. , Webb P. A. , Knight A. P. , Salman M. D. , Smith J. A. , Erickson G. A.
Published: February 2025

Two doses of a formalin-killed, cell culture-derived vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv)-New Jersey serotype vaccine were administered intramuscularly, 30 days apart, to all lactating and nonlactating cows in a 350-cow dairy herd. Serum specimens were obtained serially from 96 cows before vaccination and at 30, 52 and 80 days after vaccination and from 24 of these cows 175 days after vaccination. Serum neutralizing antibody titers to vsv-New Jersey serotype were determined from serum-dilution, plaque-reduction tests. Serum neutralizing antibody titers also were determined during the same period for 67 nonvaccinated heifers in the herd. Peak group geometric mean serum neutralizing antibody titers of 1:530.46 ± 1.14 (group geometric mean titer log10, 2.725 ± 0.055) developed 21 days after the second vaccination, but decreased to a low value of 1:65.36 ± 1.38 (group geometric mean titer log10, 1.815 ±0.142) by 175 days after vaccination. The nonvaccinated group had no detectable antibody titer to vsv-New Jersey serotype throughout the study. All serum specimens from the vaccinates and controls were negative for heterologous reactivity to vsv-lndiana serotype.
Lameness attributable to osteochondral fragmentation of the Plantar aspect of the proximal phalanx in horses: 19 Cases (1981-1985)
Authors: Barclay William P. , Foerner Joseph J. , Phillips Thomas N.
Published: February 2025

Osteochondral fragmentation of the plantar aspect of the proximal phalanx was diagnosed as a cause of hind limb lameness in 19 horses. The lameness was evident at the upper levels of the horses’ performance capabilities, and was isolated to the metatarsophalangeal joints by use of intra-articular or regional anesthesia. Fragments were surgically removed from 10 horses that later returned to full use. Seven horses were treated intra-articularly with polysulfated glycosaminoglycans or corticosteroids; only one horse was able to return to full use. One horse was retired from work at the time of diagnosis. Surgery appeared to be the most effective treatment for osteochondral fragmentation of the plantar aspect of the proximal phalanx, although medical treatment combined with a decrease in the horses’ expected performance also was believed to be useful.
Ultrasonographic evaluation of renal parenchymal diseases in dogs: 32 cases (1981-1986)
Authors: Walter P. A. , Feeney D. A. , Johnston G. R. , O'Leary T. P.
Published: February 2025

The medical records of 32 dogs with microscopically proven renal parenchymal disease were evaluated to characterize the associated ultrasonographic patterns and to assess the contribution of ultrasonography to the diagnosis and management in each case. Ultrasonography provided additional information on internal renal architecture in 18 dogs with radiographic evidence of structural abnormality. Ultrasonography determined the renal origin of 2 abdominal masses, defined the extent and distribution of neoplastic disease in 6 dogs, and identified kidneys not seen on survey radiographs or excretory urograms in 5 dogs because of decreased abdominal contrast or poor function.

The ultrasonographic patterns were most specific for focal and multifocal or diffuse neoplasia. Ultrasonographic findings were least specific for diffuse parenchymal disease without architectural disruption such as glomerulo/interstitial nephritis, renal tubular necrosis, and nephrocalcinosis. In these cases, biopsy was recommended.

Six interpretive errors were made. Four of these errors were related to the overestimation of renal pelvic and diverticular size because of confusion with medullary papilla. Two errors occurred in the diagnosis of renal lymphosarcoma, one of which was interpreted to be pyelonephritis. The other was an interpretive dilemma because of absence of hypoechoic multifocal nodules. Renal tubular necrosis was confirmed in this case.
Clinical and serologic studies of canine borreliosis
Authors: Magnarelli Louis A. , Anderson John F. , Schreier Alan B. , Ficke Chris M.
Published: February 2025

During 1984 and 1985, blood samples were obtained from 271 dogs that were suspected of having borreliosis. The dogs lived in areas known to be infested with ticks and had been examined because of limb/joint disorders or for unknown illnesses marked by fever, anorexia, or fatigue. Lameness had been the most frequently reported clinical manifestation.

Analyses of serum specimens, by an indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) method or by an elisa, detected antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of borreliosis in dogs and of Lyme disease in human beings. Antibody to B burgdorferi was detected in 76.3% of 114 specimens from dogs living in the lower Hudson Valley region of New York State (predominantly Westchester County), in 66.5% of 155 specimens from dogs from southern Connecticut, and in single specimens from dogs from Rhode Island and California. Geometric mean antibody titers peaked during the winter. Results of ifa tests and elisa were in agreement, but the latter method yielded less variable results, had greater sensitivity, and was more easily standardized.

Five dogs from New York State and Connecticut seropositive to B burgdorferi had developed kidney disorders during or after episodes of intermittent lameness. Application of murine monoclonal antibody in an ifa procedure verified the presence of B burgdorferi in renal cortical tissues from one dog.
Renal concentrating ability in dehydrated hyponatremic dogs
Authors: Tyler Ronald D. , Qualls Charles W. , Heald R. Dennis , Cowell Rick L. , Clinkenbeard Kenneth D.
Published: February 2025

Eleven hyponatremic dogs were unable to concentrate their urine during periods of severe dehydration and azotemia. When normonatremia was reestablished in eight of the dogs, their renal concentrating ability returned. Six dogs, including the 3 dogs in which normonatremia was not reestablished, died or were euthanatized; renal lesions were not found during postmortem examination. Two dogs had hypoadrenocorticism, which has been documented as a cause of hyponatremia and impaired renal concentrating ability. Two dogs had gastrointestinal disease, which has been documented as a cause of hyponatremia, but not of impairment of renal concentrating ability. All dogs without hypoadrenocorticism had clinical and clinicopathologic indications of blood loss, which has not been documented as a cause of hyponatremia or impairment of renal concentrating ability.

Hyponatremia (<120 mEq/L) was induced by chronic blood removal in a dog maintained on a low-sodium diet. During the period of hyponatremia, the dog became azotemic, hypotensive, and severely dehydrated; renal concentrating ability was impaired.

We concluded that hyponatremia may be caused by hemorrhage, but irrespective of the cause, hyponatremia impairs renal concentrating ability.
Control of animal pain and distress in behavioral studies that use food deprivation or aversive stimulation
Authors: Laties Victor G.
Published: February 2025

Imposing moderate amounts of food deprivation on an animal allows the use of reward techniques in studying behavior and poses fewer ethical problems than does the use of aversive procedures. Possible discomfort caused by experiments using aversive stimulation frequently can be reduced. Habituating animals to experimental procedures is almost always a good idea. When the reaction to aversive stimuli is the object of study, animals can be given direct control of the stimulus and the intensity of stimulus they choose can then be measured.
High-rise syndrome in cats
Authors: Whitney Wayne O. , Mehlhaff Cheryl J.
Published: February 2025

High-rise syndrome was diagnosed in 132 cats over a 5-month period. The mean age oj the cats was 2.7 years. Ninety percent oj the cats had some form of thoracic trauma. Of these, 68% had pulmonary contusions and 63% had pneumothorax. Abnormal respiratory patterns were evident clinically in 55%. Other common clinical findings included facial trauma (57%), limb fractures (39%), shock (24%), traumatic luxations (18%), hard palate fractures (17%), hypothermia (17%), and dental fractures (17%). Emergency (life-sustaining) treatment, primarily because of thoracic trauma and shock, was required in 37% of the cats. Nonemergency treatment was required in an additional 30%. The remaining 30% were observed, but did not require treatment Ninety percent of the treated cats survived.
Evaluation of the Krupin-Denver valve implant in normotensive and glaucomatous Beagles
Authors: Gelatt Kirk N. , Gum Glenwood G. , Samuelson Don A. , Mandelkorn Robert M. , Olander Kenneth W. , Zimmerman Thorn J.
Published: February 2025

The Krupin-Denver valve was implanted unilaterally in 2 normotensive and in 6 glaucomatous Beagles. The fellow eye of each dog had an external trabeculectomy Before and after surgery, all dogs were evaluated serially by gonioscopy, biomicroscopy, tonometry, and tonography.

The valve implant remained patent in 2 normotensive and in 2 glaucomatous Beagles throughout the 12 months of observation. Valve function was lost in 4 glaucomatous Beagles 4 to 6 weeks (3 dogs) and 6 months (1 dog) after implantation.

Light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic evaluations of early loss of implant function revealed occlusion of the lumen and/or valve mechanism by inflammatory debris and cells. The late loss of valve function was related to chronic inflammatory response and fibrosis about the valve mechanism and tubing within the sclera.
Potassium depletion in cats: Hypokalemic polymyopathy
Authors: Dow Steven W. , LeCouteur Richard A. , Fettman Martin J. , Spurgeon Thomas L.
Published: February 2025

Generalized weakness of acute onset, apparent muscular pain, and persistent ventroflexion of the neck were observed in 6 cats. These clinical signs were associated with a low serum potassium concentration and high serum creatine kinase activity. Generalized electromyographic abnormalities, together with normal motor nerve conduction velocity determinations, were detected in all cats. Muscle biopsy specimens from 4 of 5 cats were not abnormal on light microscopic examination. Mild necrosis and infrequent macrophages were evident in a muscle biopsy specimen from one cat. Signs of polymyopathy resolved in all cats, and creatine kinase activities returned to the normal range after parenteral and oral administration of potassium. Polymyopathy and hypokalemia recurred in 3 cats in which dietary potassium supplementation was not maintained after initial recovery from hypokalemic polymyopathy.
Facial neuropathy in dogs and cats: 95 cases (1975-1985)
Authors: Kern Thomas J. , Erb Hollis N.
Published: February 2025

The medical records of 79 dogs and 16 cats admitted to the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine between January 1975 and October 1985 with facial nerve dysfunction were reviewed. In 31 dogs and 8 cats, facial neuropathy was the only abnormal finding. In 48 dogs and 8 cats, the clinical findings most often noted in the records in addition to facial neuropathy were vestibular signs.

Facial neuropathy appeared unassociated with gender or right vs left sides in both dogs and cats, or with hypothyroidism in dogs. Facial neuropathy was associated with increased age, with certain breeds in both dogs and cats, and with otitis media/interna and keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs. Causes of facial nerve dysfunction in dogs and cats included surgical and nonsurgical trauma, neoplasia, and otitis media/interna. Facial neuropathy was judged to be idiopathic in 74.7% of dogs and 25% of cats.
Pheochromocytoma in dogs: 13 cases (1980-1985)
Authors: Bouayad H. , Feeney D. A. , Caywood D. D. , Hayden D. W.
Published: February 2025

Thirteen cases of canine pheochromocytoma seen at the University of Minnesota Veterinary Teaching Hospital between 1981 and 1985 were reviewed. In 8 cases, the neoplasms were locally invasive; in the remaining cases, they were confined to the adrenal gland. Clinical signs compatible with fatal cardiovascular collapse secondary to a hypertensive or arrythmic episode were observed in 6 of 8 dogs with invasive neoplasms that died during examination or shortly thereafter. The remaining 2 dogs with invasive neoplasms had antemortem diagnoses of adrenal gland neoplasm with metastases and were euthanatized. Invasion or encroachment of the caudal vena cava in 6 dogs and encroachment of the aorta and other regional vasculature in 2 dogs were discovered at necropsy. In 5 dogs, the noninvasive pheochromocytoma was found incidentally during necropsy.
Acute and short-term toxicoses associated with the administration of doxorubicin to dogs with malignant tumors
Authors: Ogilvie Gregory K. , Richardson Ralph C. , Curtis C. R , Withrow Stephen J. , Reynolds H. A , Norris A. M , Henderson Ralph A. , Klausner J. S. , Fowler J. D. , McCaw Dudley
Published: February 2025

One hundred eighty-five dogs with histologically confirmed, measurable malignant tumors were used in a study to determine the toxicity of the anthracycline antitumor antibiotic, doxorubicin, which was administered once or twice (at a 21-day interval) at the rate of 30 mg/m2 of body surface area, iv. During this study, 7 dogs died as a direct result of doxorubicin-induced toxicosis and 16 died as a direct result of the malignant neoplastic disease. Each dog was evaluated for signs of toxicosis for 3 weeks after the last dose was administered (15 dogs received 1 dose, 170 dogs received 2 doses) or until the dog died, whichever came first. The most common signs of toxicosis were vomiting, diarrhea, colitis, anorexia, and pruritus. The probability of doxorubicin-induced toxicosis decreased significantly (P < 0.0001) in inverse relationship to body weight. Dogs with signs of toxicosis during the 21-day interval from administration of the first dose of doxorubicin were 17.2 times (P < 0.01; 95% confidence interval; 5.5, 54.2) more likely to develop signs of toxicosis during the 21-day interval from the second dose of doxorubicin. The performance status of each dog was evaluated using a modified Karnofsky performance scheme; the only time the performance status was adversely affected to a significant extent by doxorubicin-induced toxicosis was during the 21-day period, starting with the second dose (P < 0.0001).
Spacelike Bertrand curves in Minkowski 3-space revisited
Authors: Erdem Hatice Altın , İlarslan Kazım
Published: February 2025

In the geometry of curves in 𝔼3, if the principal normal vector field of a given space curve ϕ with non-zero curvatures is the principal normal vector field of another space curve ϕ
*, then the curve ϕ is called a Bertrand curve and ϕ
* is called Bertrand partner of ϕ. These curves have been studied in di erent space over a long period of time and found wide application in di erent areas. Therefore, we have a great knowledge of geometric properties of these curves. In this paper, revested results for spacelike Bertrand curves with non-null normal vectors will be given with the previous studies on Bertrand curves in 𝔼1
3. Follow this revested results, the Bertrand curve conditions of a spacelike curve are obtained in 𝔼1
3. In addition, new curve samples that meet the obtained conditions are constructed and the graphs of these curves are given.
On Cauchy Products of q−Central Delannoy Numbers
Authors: Halıcı Serpil
Published: February 2025

In this study, we have examined q− central Delannoy numbers and their Cauchy products. We have given some related equalities using the properties of recurrence relations. Moreover, using quantum integers, we have obtained the fundamental identities provided by Cauchy products of central Delannoy numbers.
A characterization of operators via Berezin symbol and related questions
Authors: Yamancı Ulaş
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we characterize the hyponormal operators with regard to Berezin symbol and reproducing kernel. Also, we demonstrate several Berezin number inequalities for bounded linear operators.
An inverse LU preconditioner based on the Sherman–Morrison formula
Authors: Bru R. , Cerdán J. , Marín J. , Mas J.
Published: February 2025

An approximate inverse LU preconditioner is constructed based on the Sherman–Morrison formula. Applying recursively that inversion formula a multiplicative decomposition of the inverse of a matrix is obtained. This recursion in compact form is the base to build the proposed preconditioner that we call V–AISM. For nonsingular M-matrices and H-matrices of the invertible class the stability of the preconditioner is proved. Numerical results show that V–AISM is robust and competitive compared with other preconditioners.
A simplified Proof of the Hopf Conjecture
Authors: Sabatini Luca
Published: February 2025

The use of the barycentre map between two copies of ℝ
n
, the first one with a metric without conjugate points, the second one with the canonical flat metric, allows to prove in a simplified way the fact that Riemannian tori without conjugate points are flat, as conjectured by Hopf in 1948 and proved definitively by Burago and Ivanov in 1994.
Quaternion Fractional Difference with Quaternionic Fractional Order and Applications to Fractional Difference Equation
Authors: Wang Chao , Xie Weiyu , Agarwal Ravi P.
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we introduce the basic notions of the fractional summation, difference and q-difference with the quaternionic fractional order for the quaternion-valued functions and establish some of their basic properties. Based on this, the summation representations of solutions for the nonlinear quaternion-valued fractional difference equation and q-difference equation are obtained. In addition, several examples are provided to illustrate the feasibility of our obtained results in each section.
Quasifinite fields of prescribed characteristic and Diophantine dimension
Authors: Chipchakov Ivan D. , Paunov Boyan B.
Published: February 2025

Let ℙ be the set of prime numbers, ℙ the union ℙ ∪ {0}, and for any field E, let char(E) be its characteristic, ddim(E) the Diophantine dimension of E, 𝒢
E the absolute Galois group of E, and cd(𝒢
E) the Galois cohomological dimension 𝒢
E. The research presented in this paper is motivated by the open problem of whether cd(𝒢
E) ≤ ddim(E). It proves the existence of quasifinite fields Φq : q ∈ ℙ, with ddim(Φq) infinity and char(Φq) = q, for each q. It shows that for any integer m > 0 and q ∈ ℙ, there is a quasifinite field Φm,q such that char(Φm,q) = q and ddim(Φm,q) = m. This is used for proving that for any q ∈ ℙ and each pair k, ℓ ∈ (𝕅 ∪ {0, ∞}) satisfying k ≤ ℓ, there exists a field E
k,ℓ;q with char(E
k,ℓ;q) = q, ddim(E
k,ℓ;q) = ℓ and cd(𝒢
Ek,ℓ;q
) = k. Finally, we show that the field E
k,ℓ;q can be chosen to be perfect unless k = 0 ≠ = ℓ.
Biomechanical disparities in pankration: A comparative computational analysis of ancient and contemporary techniques
Authors: Bourantanis Andreas G. , Nomikos Nikitas N. , Nikolaidis Pantelis T. , Yiannakopoulos Chris K. , Aggelousis Nikolaos G. , Wang Weijie W.
Published: February 2025

Study aim: The study analyzed biomechanical similarities and differences between ancient and modern sports techniques, focusing on pankration. It examined historical artifacts and modern pankration scenes to elucidate biomechanical developments over time.

Material and methods: OpenPose was employed for this analysis, focusing on both ancient depictions of pankration and contemporary pankration footage. The methodology involved collecting and analyzing depictions of archaeological artifacts, examining video performances frame by frame, and applying computational analysis to determine the Cartesian two-dimensional coordinates of joints. Comparative vector mapping and kinematic analyses were used for assessment.

Results: The analysis revealed distinct biomechanical patterns between ancient and modern pankration techniques. It was found that ancient techniques primarily leverage gravity for movement execution, while modern techniques emphasize the utilization of muscular capacity. This distinction indicates a transformation in biomechanical strategy, shifting from a gravity-focused approach in ancient practices to a muscle-focused approach in modern practices.

Conclusions: The research highlights the differences between ancient and modern pankration, emphasizing punching and kicking techniques. These changes reflect broader shifts in athletic practices over time, influenced by cultural and historical factors, and similar disciplines. The study not only enhances our understanding of ancient sports biomechanics but also opens avenues for future exploration of other ancient athletic disciplines using current computational methods.
Individual and His Role in Modern Security Environment
Authors: Jug Matej
Published: February 2025

The article presents how different threats that modern society is dealing with affect the transformation of the security environment and, above all, the perception of individual security. Because of globalization; the gradual transformation of society, the increase in complexity and scope of sources of threats and the reduction of the power of services responsible for dealing with such sources of threats, the perception of individual safety is changing. There is a need for an increased active participation of individual in the modern security environment, where, based on the defined changes, we can no longer talk only about rights, but also about the inclusion of the individual in his security environment. Based on the conclusions, we realize that in the future the individual will have to accept more duties and responsibilities from the point of view of safety.
Understanding Professional Discretion by Principals in Managing Drugs in Gauteng Province schools in South Africa
Authors: Kgwete Ephraim Matala
Published: February 2025

Principals are faced with some frustrating situations from time to time in their line of duty in which they must make a variety of decisions affecting their students. This study argues that principals need to understand how to apply professional discretion in their practice and be accountable for their judgements and decisions to avoid the notion of negligence when managing drugs in schools. Educational institutions are viewed as places where stakeholders, especially principals and teachers are recognized for their work as knowledge producers and key figures in educational and social transformation. Appropriate exercise of professional discretion in the management of drugs in schools can play a role towards social transformation and sustainable development. Target 4.8 of the Sustainable Development Goal 4 envisages to build and upgrade inclusive and safe schools. School principals are responsible for maintaining a safe, secure and orderly school environment. A qualitative research design was employed to collect data from secondary school principals in quintiles 1 to 3 (disadvantaged schools) in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. The study adopted an interpretivist paradigm. Data collection was done by the means of qualitative data collection techniques, in which semi-structured interviews supported by document analysis were employed. This study revealed that some principals make professional discretions that are influenced by emotions and violate the rights of learners in the process while managing drugs in schools.
Evaluation of the quality of standing trees using an Arbotom acoustic stress tomograph
Authors: Michajlová Katarína , Gejdoš Miloš , Gergeľ Tomáš , Gretsch Dominik
Published: February 2025

The assessment of wood quality in forestry operations is crucial for both forestry enterprises and the wood processing sector. Acoustic equipment utilizing excited stress acoustic waves has emerged as a valuable tool for evaluating the internal structure of standing trees. By measuring the propagation speed of these waves within the trunk, it becomes possible to assess the properties of wood before harvesting, aiding in management, planning, and maximizing resource value. The Arbotom acoustic stress tomograph represents one such device designed for evaluating standing trees’ qualitative properties. In a study evaluating its efficacy, 136 trees in a specific forest stand were examined over a period spanning October 2021 to March 2024. The acquired data underwent analysis, with 17 trees selected for qualitative evaluation using both image analysis in ImageJ software and the STN EN 1309-3 standard. The study revealed that, on average, the tomographer tended to overestimate the extent of damage by qualitative features by approximately 14.9% compared to digital image assessment and 9.9% compared to assessment according to the standard. The method could still serve as a component within a broader framework of precision forestry. Combining the acoustic tomography method with other precision forestry techniques could potentially yield more satisfactory results, paving the way for the development of automated systems for assessing tree quality in forest stands. This integration could enhance the efficiency and accuracy of wood quality assessment, benefiting both forestry management and downstream processing operations.
CALLY index, but not HALP score, is associated with mortality in cirrhosis patients
Authors: Yıldız Günay , Bedel Cihan , Zortuk Ökkeş , Selvi Fatih , Karanci Yusuf
Published: February 2025

Background

Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease that is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis, as well as liver dysfunction. The CALLY index and HALP score have recently provided crucial data in the diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis of numerous diseases, particularly those of a malignant nature and those affecting the gastrointestinal system. The objective of this study was to ascertain whether the CALLY index and HALP score are appropriate indicators of mortality in patients with cirrhosis.

Methods

This study was conducted retrospectively in patients with liver cirrhosis between 01.01.2022-01.10.2024. The HALP and CALLY scores were calculated from the blood samples taken from the patients at the time of admission. The in-hospital mortality status of the patients was recorded. The effects of the parameters on mortality were compared.

Results

The study cohort comprised 235 participants, of whom 23 died. The median CALLY value was found to be 0.44 in patients who died and 1.19 in surviving patients. A significant decrease in the CALLY score was observed in patients who died (p=0.019). However, the HALP score did not show a significant difference in mortality between the two groups (p=0.262).

Conclusions

Based on the results of our study, CALLY index is an easily applicable index that can be used as an indicator of mortality in cirrhosis patients, but the HALP score is not a suitable marker for this purpose.
Das pedagogias aos conhecimentos
Authors: Bernstein Basil
Published: February 2025

Translated by Tiago Neves.
Os excluídos da escrita escolar: Outras razões para o João(zinho) (não) saber escrever
Authors: Pereira Luísa Alves
Published: February 2025

A pretexto do artigo "Por que razão o Joãozinho não sabe escrever", da autoria de Heather MacDonald, publicado na revista Nova Cidadania, n.º 1, no Verão de 1999, em que se apregoa, de forma muito redutora e simplista, o retorno a um modelo conservador de "ensino" da escrita, a autora, sem pretender apresentar soluções definitivas, problematiza diferentes modos de organização pedagógica desta competência verbal, retirando daí algumas ilações quanto a peças constitutivas de um modelo positivo de ensino e aprendizagem da competência escritural, modelo esse que, para não jogar a favor da exclusão de muitos jovens da vida/escrita escolar, tem de, forçosamente, prever gestos didácticos susceptíveis de contemplar o aluno-escrevente enquanto sujeito cultural e social.
Experiências do vivido... através da literatura portuguesa: Escolas e multiculturalidades
Authors: Souta Luís , Cardoso Carlos , Cabral Ruben
Published: February 2025

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Nastawienie badawcze nauczyciela polonisty – wyznacznikiem realizacji przez niego idei własnej podmiotowości
Authors: Krakut Dorota
Published: February 2025

The main problem to which the scientific reflection will be devoted is the conduct of micro‑studies by Polish language teachers as a determinant of their sense of subjectivity. The article will present the results of a survey research, conducted on the basis of an online survey questionnaire, the participants of which were members of the most popular Facebook groups for Polish language teachers. The respondents commented on the methods and techniques of research on Polish language education, which they encountered during their studies and their professional work. They also assessed the importance of the results of these studies in shaping the teacher’s sense of personal subjectivity in contemporary schools. Polish teachers gave examples of their own research and pointed out opportunities and limitations to realising the idea of teachers’ subjectivity in the changing educational and social reality.
Podmiot i przedmiot kształcenia językowego w szkole ponadpodstawowej na wybranym materiale podręcznikowym
Authors: Udzik Beata
Published: February 2025

The article addresses language education from both subject and object perspectives, as presented in secondary school textbooks compliant with the 2018 core curriculum. The analysis of the empirical material has the character of a preliminary identification of the new textbooks. The review of proposals for the introduction of linguistic content and the formation of linguistic-communicative skills was conducted from the perspective of pragmalinguistics and linguistic genology. Both the informational and task-based components of the textbooks were analyzed.
„Każde kolejne pokolenie Polaków powinno się mierzyć z tym tekstem”, czyli o "Weselu" po raz kolejny
Authors: Kwiatkowska-Ratajczak Maria
Published: February 2025

The author proposes possible ways of reading Wesele [The Wedding] by Stanisław Wyspiański in schools. She focuses on aesthetic and ethical issues. Referring to the findings of literary­ studies and social anthropology, the author indicates ways of reading related to national myths and the different understanding of independence by the intelligentsia and peasants. It directs the analytical reflections of young people on the so-called “background” characters and the importance of cultural differences. The transparency of the lesson formulas reveals the mechanisms of subjective treatment of female and male students.
Leveraging deep learning for plant disease identification: a bibliometric analysis in SCOPUS from 2018 to 2024
Authors: Albert Enow Takang Achuo , Bille Ngalle Hermine , Leonard Ngonkeu Mangaptche Eddy
Published: February 2025

This work aimed to present a bibliometric analysis of deep learning research for plant disease identification, with a special focus on generative modeling. A thorough analysis of SCOPUS-sourced bibliometric data from 253 documents was performed. Key performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score were analyzed for generative modeling. The findings highlighted significant contributions from some authors Too and Arnal Barbedo, whose works had notable citation counts, suggesting their influence on the academic community. Co-authorship networks revealed strong collaborative clusters, while keyword analysis identified emerging research gaps. This study highlights the role of collaboration and citation metrics in shaping research directions and enhancing the impact of scholarly work in applications of deep learning to plant disease identification. Future research should explore the methodologies of highly cited studies to inform best practices and policy-making.
Analysis of changes in intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma after cataract surgery
Authors:   “German Family Clinic”, Pirogov Y.I. ,   Medical Center “Admiralty Shipyards”, Ovchinnikov A.V. ,   “German Family Clinic”, Popova K.A. ,   “German Family Clinic”
Published: February 2025

Objective. To conduct a retrospective analysis of the dynamics of intraocular pressure (IOP) and identify factors affecting it in patients with cataracts and concomitant glaucoma after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation.

Material and methods. The study included 104 cases (79 patients). All patients were divided into two groups: the first group included 73 cases (70.2 %) when there was no hypertension in the postoperative period or it turned out to be insignificant (less than 3 mmHg). The second group consisted of 31 cases (29.8 %) with significant hypertension (more than 3 mmHg).

Results. A significant increase in IOP (by 3 mmHg or more) on the 1st day after surgery occurred in 29.8 % of cases and was more often observed in the eyes of patients with stage II and III glaucoma, as well as in those receiving monotherapy (carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, beta blockers or prostoglandin analogues). Conclusion: Underestimation of the degree of ophthalmotonus compensation, i.e. failure to achieve the target IOP before surgery, is one of the risk factors for the development of reactive hypertension in these patients later.

Keywords: cataract, phacoemulsification, glaucoma, IOP
Gilded Gold: The social existence of the Hedonist Lifestyle of Housewives
Authors: Budiharto Sutoyo , Ferry Muhammad Julian , Satria Viqri Rahmad
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the factors that cause mothers in the city of Pontianak to live a hedonistic lifestyle by using gold plated or imitation gold. The approach used in the research is qualitative. The method used in the research is descriptive qualitative. The sampling technique in this research used a purposive sampling technique. The sample in this study consisted of four women who used gold plating. Data collection techniques in this research used observation and interviews. The data analysis technique used in this research is the Miles and Huberman interaction data analysis technique which consists of data reduction, data presentation and verification. The research results show that gold plated is used by mothers in the city of Pontianak because the price is cheap compared to pure gold sold on the market. Gold plating is chosen by mothers because it has a variety of models. Gilded gold is used by mothers in the city of Pontianak as a form of self-existence in social interactions.
The Role of Kuttab in Indonesia as an Agent of Religious Values Socialization from a Structural Functional Perspective
Authors: Wahyuni Fauziah Sri , Sucianingsih Sucianingsih
Published: February 2025

This study aims to describe the role of Kuttab in Indonesia as an agent for the socialization of religious values in the context of modernization. The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology, analyzing scientific articles published between 2014 and 2024. Talcott Parsons' Structural Functional Theory is used to examine how Kuttab adapts, functions, and remains relevant within modern Islamic education. The findings reveal that Kuttab successfully adapts to modernization through an independent curriculum rooted in classical Islamic teachings, such as the Qur'an and Hadith, while integrating contemporary knowledge. Technology is utilized selectively to support learning without compromising religious principles. Additionally, Kuttab actively socializes faith and moral values, not only through classroom activities but also by involving parents in the learning process. The success of Kuttab in maintaining its relevance depends on the integration of internal components (educators, students) and external factors (parents, community, government). Traditional educational methods, such as lectures and memorization, are preserved to maintain Islamic cultural heritage and shape young generations with strong Islamic character. This study offers practical insights for modern Islamic educational institutions to design adaptive curricula that remain rooted in traditional values and emphasizes parental involvement in education. The findings also support Structural Functional Theory, highlighting the importance of integration in maintaining social stability through education.
Implementing TPACK in Social Science Subjects for Learning Recovery Post-Pademic
Authors: Rahma Laula Ika Setya , Zakso Amrazi , Rustiyarso Rustiyarso
Published: February 2025

This study delves into the "Implementation of Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) in Social Science Subjects as an Effort to Recover Learning Post-COVID-19 Pandemic at SMA Negeri 4 Pontianak." It involves in-depth interviews to explore the application of TPACK, its effectiveness, and the challenges teachers encounter in its implementation. The findings indicate that the adoption of TPACK has had a positive impact on the quality of post-pandemic learning. Teachers effectively utilized technology to enhance engagement, relevance, and interactivity of learning, as well as to simplify the explanation of case studies. However, some TPACK indicators were not fully implemented, highlighting the need for further training. The study also uncovered challenges such as limited technology infrastructure, technical difficulties, access issues, and time constraints, which impede the creation of an optimal learning experience at SMA Negeri 4 Pontianak.
Analysis of the "Hitam Putih" Television Program from the Perspective of Peter M. Blau's Social Exchange Theory
Authors: Daniel Daniel , Bahari Yohanes
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the television program "Hitam Putih" using the perspective of Peter M. Blau's social exchange theory. This theory emphasizes the importance of social interactions based on exchanges of value, where each party expects to gain rewards or benefits from social relationships. The study utilizes a library research method to review various literatures and references related to social exchange theory and the "Hitam Putih" program. The findings indicate that the program reflects the dynamics of social exchange through interactions between the host, guests, and audience, where exchanges of popularity, information, and experiences occur in a mutually beneficial manner. The host gains reputation and popularity, while the guests have the opportunity to share their stories and perspectives. The study highlights the importance of reciprocity in social relationships that influences the program's success.
The Effect of The Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Cooperative Learning Model to Increase the Learning Interest of Pancasila Education for Class X Students of SMA 3 Blitar City
Authors: Prasetyo Septiawan Sheva Putra , Cahyani Arik , Rarasati Ida Putri
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of the Team Games Tournament (TGT) cooperative learning model on improving students' learning interest in Pancasila Education for Grade X students at SMA Negeri 3 Kota Blitar. The research employed an experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design. The sample consisted of 60 students divided into two groups: a control group and an experimental group. The experimental approach used a pre-test and post-test design, with 68 students divided into two groups: the experimental group (X-1) and the control group (X-7). Before conducting the study, a trial was conducted to determine the validity of the questionnaire. The validity and reliability tests showed reliability coefficients of 0.877 for the experimental group and 0.881 for the control group, both exceeding the threshold of 0.60. Data were collected using validated questionnaires and analyzed through assumption testing, including normality and heteroscedasticity tests. The normality test, conducted using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov method, yielded a significance value of 0.648, indicating that the data were normally distributed. The heteroscedasticity test produced a significance value of 0.976, suggesting no heteroscedasticity issues. Hypothesis testing was carried out using a partial t-test, which revealed that the TGT model had a significant positive effect on students' learning interest, as the t-value (2.095) exceeded the t-table value (2.036), and the significance value (0.039) was less than 0.05. These results support the hypothesis that TGT significantly influences students' learning interest. The study concluded that the TGT model effectively enhances student engagement and communication skills in the context of cooperative learning.