bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in the Production of Genome-Edited Animals Using i-GONAD, a Novel in vivo Genome Editing System, and Its Possible Use for the Study of Female Reproductive Systems
Authors: Sato Masahiro , Morohoshi Kazunori , Ohtsuka Masato , Takabayashi Shuji , Inada Emi , Saitoh Issei , Watanabe Satoshi , Nakamura Shingo
Published: December 2023

Gene-engineered animals created using gene-targeting technology have long been recognized as beneficial, valid, and valuable tools for exploring the function of a gene of interest, at least in early 2013. This approach, however, suffers from laborious and time-consuming tasks, such as the production of successfully targeted embryonic stem (ES) cells, their characterization, production of chimeric blastocysts carrying these gene-modified ES cells, and transplantation of those manipulated blastocysts to the recipient (pseudopregnant) females to deliver chimeric mice. Since the appearance of genome editing technology, which is now exemplified by the CRISPR/Cas9 system, in late 2013, significant advances have been made in the generation of genome-edited animals through pronuclear microinjection (MI) of genome-editing components into fertilized eggs (zygotes) or electroporation (EP) of zygotes in the presence of these reagents. However, these procedures require the transfer of genome-edited embryos into the reproductive tracts of recipient females for further development. Genome editing via oviductal nucleic acids delivery (GONAD) and its modified version, called “improved GONAD (i-GONAD),” were developed as an alternative to the MI- or EP-based genome-edited animal production and now recognized to be very convenient and straightforward as genome editing can only be performed in vivo (within the oviductal lumen where fertilized embryos exist). This system also enables the simultaneous transfection of epithelial cells lining the oviductal lumen. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in GONAD/i-GONAD and their derivatives and discuss the potential of these technologies to study various biological systems related to female reproduction.
Ethical and Quality of Care-Related Challenges of Digital Health Twins in Older Care Settings: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Jabin Md Shafiqur Rahman , Yaroson Emillia Vann , Ilodibe Adaobi , Eldabi Tillal
Published: December 2023

Background

Digital health twins (DHTs) have been evolving with their diverse applications in medicine, specifically in older care settings, with the increasing demands of older adults. DHTs have already contributed to improving the quality of dementia and trauma care, cardiac treatment, and health care services for older individuals. Despite its many benefits, the optimum implementation of DHTs has faced several challenges associated with ethical issues, quality of care, management and leadership, and design considerations in older care settings. Since the need for such care is continuously rising and there is evident potential for DHTs to meet those needs, this review aims to map key concepts to address the gaps in the research knowledge to improve DHT implementation.

Objective

The review aims to compile and synthesize the best available evidence regarding the problems encountered by older adults and care providers associated with the application of DHTs. The synthesis will collate the evidence of the issues associated with quality of care, the ethical implications of DHTs, and the strategies undertaken to overcome those challenges in older care settings.

Methods

The review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. The published studies will be searched through CINAHL, MEDLINE, JBI, and Web of Science, and the unpublished studies through Mednar, Trove, OCLC WorldCat, and Dissertations and Theses. Studies published in English from 2002 will be considered. This review will include studies of older individuals (aged 65 years or older) undergoing care delivery associated with DHTs and their respective care providers. The concept will include the application of the technology, and the context will involve studies based on the older care setting. A broad scope of evidence, including quantitative, qualitative, text and opinion studies, will be considered. A total of 2 independent reviewers will screen the titles and abstracts and then review the full text. Data will be extracted from the included studies using a data extraction tool developed for this study.

Results

The results will be presented in a PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews) flow diagram. A draft charting table will be developed as a data extraction tool. The results will be presented as a “map” of the data in a logical, diagrammatic, or tabular form in a descriptive format.

Conclusions

The evidence synthesis is expected to uncover the shreds of evidence required to address the ethical and care quality-related challenges associated with applying DHTs. A synthesis of various strategies used to overcome identified challenges will provide more prospects for adopting them elsewhere and create a resource allocation model for older individuals.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/51153
Structural Validation and Measurement Invariance Testing of the Chinese Version of the eHealth Literacy Scale Among Undergraduates: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Long Chen , Zheng Lin , Liu Runhua , Duan Zhongxian
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

The eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) was introduced in China in 2013 as one of the most important electronic health literacy measurement instruments. After a decade of development in China, it has received widespread attention, although its theoretical underpinnings have been challenged, thus demanding more robust research evidence of factorial validity and multigroup measurement properties.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the Chinese version of the eHEALS in terms of its measurement properties.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a university setting in China. Item statistics were checked for response distributions and floor and ceiling effects. Internal consistency reliability was confirmed with Cronbach α, split-half reliability, Cronbach α if an item was deleted, and item-total correlation. A total of 5 representative eHEALS factor structures were examined and contrasted using confirmatory factor analysis. The study used the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) and the average of the I-CVI scores of all items on the scale to assess the content validity of the dominance model. Furthermore, the validated dominance model was subsequently used to evaluate the relevance and representation of elements in the instrument and to assess measurement invariance across genders.

RESULTS

A total of 972 respondents were identified, with a Cronbach α of .92, split-half reliability of 0.88, and item-total score correlation coefficients ranging from 0.715 to 0.781. Cronbach α if an item was deleted showed that all items should be retained. Acceptable content validity was supported by I-CVIs ≥0.80. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the 3-factor model was acceptable. The measurement model met all relevant fit indices: average variance extracted from 0.663 to 0.680, composite reliability from 0.810 to 0.857, chi-square divided by the df of 4.768, root mean square error of approximation of 0.062, standardized root mean squared residual of 0.020, comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.987, and Tucker-Lewis index of 0.979. In addition, the scale demonstrated error variance invariance (Δnormed fit index=−0.016, Δincremental fit index=−0.012, ΔTucker-Lewis index=0.005, Δcomparative fit index=−0.012, Δrelative fit index=0.005, and Δroot mean square error of approximation=0.005).

CONCLUSIONS

A 3-factor model of the Chinese version of the eHEALS fits best, and our findings provide evidence for the strict measurement invariance of the instrument regarding gender.
A Corpus-Based Study on Reporting Verbs Used in Doctoral Dissertations by Chinese EFL Learners
Authors: Peng Yanhong , Dai Jing
Published: December 2023

Reference to previous studies is an indispensable component in the academic discourse. Based on a self-built corpus, this study aims to analyze the use of reporting verbs in doctoral dissertations written by Chinese EFL learners with both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The findings show that Chinese EFL learners show a preference for citing previous studies as Discourse Acts. The absence of certain subtypes of Research Act verbs and Cognitive Act verbs reveals the reluctance of Chinese EFL learners to convey a critical viewpoint or judge the cited materials as false or incorrect. In terms of tense, simple present tense is most frequently used in the corpus to refer to previous studies as accepted facts. As for voice, active voice plays a dominant role in the corpus with a high proportion of 92.14%. At the same time, a small percentage of passive voice is used by writers to emphasize the essential contribution of certain cited scholars.
“Hay dos cielos y dos infiernos”: embustes y críticas sociales de José Mariano de Ayala, 1757-1785
Authors: Espinoza Bacilio Julieta
Published: December 2023

A partir de un expediente inquisitorial, este artículo reconstruye la trayectoria de José Mariano de Ayala, un reo juzgado por la Inquisición de Nueva España en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII. Las blasfemias y las imposturas fueron las principales transgresiones religiosas y sociales por las que estuvo en la mira de los inquisidores durante 28 años. Las numerosas cartas de Ayala y los informes sobre su comportamiento en las cárceles permiten analizar las razones por las que insistía en regresar a las prisiones inquisitoriales, considerar si sus delitos contra la fe eran una expresión del desarraigo social y si sus blasfemias constantes representaban una crítica al orden social novohispano.
Law’s Judgment and Virtuous Judgement
Authors: Amaya Amalia
Published: December 2023

EspañolEl libro de Lucy conecta magistralmente las tesis jurídicas y filosóficas en discusión con un sólido conocimiento de las áreas doctrinales, mostrando cómo las reivindicaciones presentadas inciden en los problemas reales y urgentes que enfrenta la práctica jurídica. El libro también proporciona una discusión refrescantemente amplia de algunos valores jurídicos fundamentales.InglésLucy’s book stands out as an exception to this state of affairs in that it masterfully connects the legal and philosophical theses under discussion with a solid knowledge of doctrinal areas, showing how the claims advanced bear on the real, pressing, problems facing legal practice. The book also departs from the ‘you’d better know a lot about a little’ kind of approach that is characteristic of analytic philosophy of law and provides a refreshingly broad discussion of some fundamental legal values.FrancésLe livre de Lucy relie magistralement les thèses juridiques et philosophiques en discussion à une solide connaissance des domaines doctrinaux, en montrant comment les revendications présentées affectent les problèmes réels et urgents auxquels la pratique juridique est confrontée. Le livre propose également une discussion complète et rafraîchissante de certaines valeurs juridiques fondamentales.PortuguésO livro do Lucy conecta com maestria as teses jurídicas e filosóficas em discussão com um sólido conhecimento das áreas doutrinárias, mostrando como as reivindicações apresentadas afetam os problemas reais e urgentes da prática jurídica. O livro também oferece uma discussão refrescantemente abrangente de alguns valores jurídicos essenciais.ChinoLucy的书巧妙地将典型领域正在讨论的法律和哲学论断与该领域的共识联系起来，显示出索赔申请如何影响法律实践中所面临的现实和紧急问题。 该书还提供了一些核心法律价值的令人耳目一新的全面讨论。
La influencia de la educación y la complejidad laboral en el desempeño cognitivo de adultos mayores con deterioro cognitivo leve
Authors: Feldberg Carolina , Stefani Dorina , Tartaglini María Florencia , Hermida Paula Daniela , Moya García Lydia , Somale Verónica , Allegri Ricardo
Published: December 2023

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el peso relativo de la educación y la complejidad laboral en la determinación del rendimiento cognitivo de sujetos con deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL). Fueron evaluados 80 sujetos con DCL, con los siguientes instrumentos: cuestionario de datos demográficos y sociales, cuestionario de agenciamiento de la actividad laboral y una batería neuropsicológica ampliada: memoria (Memoria lógica Signoret Batería, TAVEC), atención (Digit span, TMTA), lenguaje (Vocabulario WAISIII, Test de denominación de Boston, fluidez verbal), funciones ejecutivas (TMTB, analogías WAIS III, razonamiento matricial WAISIII) y construcción visual (cubos WAISIII). Los resultados muestran que la complejidad laboral tiene un peso mayor que la educación en la cognición como son el vocabulario, la flexibilidad cognitiva y las habilidades visuoconstructivas. La educación, tiene mayor peso en el razonamiento abstracto y la atención sostenida. La complejidad ocupacional y la educación desempeñan un papel diferencial e importante en el mantenimiento de las capacidades cognitivas, siendo factores amortiguadores del deterioro cognitivo en el envejecimiento.
ESTUDIO DE LAS PROPIEDADES PSICOMÉTRICAS DE LAS ESCALAS DE BIENESTAR PSICOLÓGICO DE RYFF EN UNA MUESTRA DE ESTUDIANTES ARGENTINOS
Authors: Aranguren María , Irrazabal Natalia
Published: December 2023

El objetivo del estudio es analizar las propiedades psicométricas de las Escalas de Bienestar Psicológico de Ryff en población argentina. Se utilizó la versión desarrollada por van Dierendonck (2005) de 39 ítems y la versión reducida de Díaz et al. (2006) de 29 ítems. Participaron 396 estudiantes residentes en Buenos Aires. En primer lugar, se procedió a poner a prueba los modelos explicativos de la estructura factorial de las escalas sugeridos en los estudios previos. Dado que ninguno de estos modelos mostró un nivel de ajuste satisfactorio, se realizaron a continuación varios análisis factoriales exploratorios hasta arribar a una solución factorial de tres factores: (a) Autonomía, (b) Relaciones positivas con otros, y (c) Competencia. Esta nueva versión de la escala, mostró buenos niveles de confiabilidad y mejores índices de ajuste.
PROPIEDADES PSICOMÉTRICAS DEL PBQ-SF EN SU VERSIÓN EN ESPAÑOL, EN POBLACIÓN URUGUAYA
Authors: Daguerre Leticia , Cordero Soledad , Costa-Ball Daniel
Published: December 2023

El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue la realización de un estudio preliminar de las propiedades psicométricas del Personality Beliefs Questionnaire –Short Form (PBQ-SF, Beck y Beck, 1991) en su versión validada al contexto colombiano por Londoño, Calvete y Palacio (2012). El cuestionario evalúa las creencias disfuncionales de personalidad asociadas a los trastornos de personalidad: antisocial, narcisista, histriónico, límite, dependiente, evitativo, obsesivo-compulsivo, pasivo-agresivo, paranoide y esquizoide. Se administró en una muestra no clínica de 523 estudiantes universitarios uruguayos de Montevideo. Los resultados muestran una buena consistencia interna, así como una asociación significativa entre las escalas. En el análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) se obtuvo un acercamiento a la estructura factorial original, encontrándose más similitudes que diferencias. Asimismo, se asentaron las bases para la ejecución de un futuro análisis factorial confirmatorio de la técnica.
“Svidrigailov on the Verge of Eternity:” The Metaphysics of Svidrigailov’s Image
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Milijentevic Lazar
Published: December 2023

The article uses Svidrigailov’s image to consider the correlation of pagan and Christian themes as dominant in the religious and philosophical understanding of Dostoevsky. The basis of this approach lies in Dostoevsky’s works and letters, where an interest in various philosophical trends that often stood apart from the official teaching of the Orthodox Church can be found: a fact that allows us to talk about religious syncretism in Dostoevsky’s work. One of the most vivid and convincing examples of religious syncretism, implying a layering of mystical and pagan images, intersecting with Christian themes, is the character of Svidrigailov. The article focuses on the concept of eternity presented by Svidrigailov, who, along with Raskolnikov, concurs to the formation of the philosophical and religious level in the novel Crime and Punishment. The article emphasizes that the concept of eternity is the center of Svidrigailov’s metaphysic, figuratively symbolizing his vision of an existence connected with the boundary “now,” related to present time. It is traced the possible temporal-spatial, cosmological, and (anti)theological origins of Svidrigailov’s eternity, expressed in the image of the “bathhouse with spiders,” and its correlations with the second coming of Christ in Marmeladov’s confession and the New Jerusalem mentioned by Raskolnikov. The author points out the mythological saturation, as well as the otherworldly “coloring” of Svidrigailov’s image when related to other characters of the novel. Svidrigailov evokes a special sense of “otherness” and “incongruity” with the surrounding world, according to which a background of visions and hallucinations, rumors and dark backstories, impulsive actions are layered on his concept of eternity and extremely ambiguous future plans.
Cyrus of Persia and Lewes’ Physiology in the Novel Crime and Punishment
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kasatkina Tatiana A.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the significant presence in Crime and Punishment of George Henry Lewes’ Physiology of Common Life, the only book explicitly mentioned by Marmeladov among what constituted his daughter Sonya’s “education,” and to the paired message that Sonia’s historical education ended with Cyrus of Persia. A suggestion is made as to which history textbook Marmeladov used to tutor Sonya. Physiology of Common Life (as well as the figure of Cyrus of Persia) is examined in terms of what philosophy it may have engendered or reinforced in the minds of the character and the reader. The extended table of contents of the Physiology is also provided, in order to offer a partial insight into the character of the book that differs from the insight that scholars and commentators of Dostoevsky’s novel in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries have drawn from reviews of it, published shortly after the translation came out, as well as from reviews of Crime and Punishment that mention Lewes’ book.
Diseño de material didáctico para la enseñanza de la función lineal y la función cuadrática
Authors: Morales Reyes José Luis , Alpízar Vargas Marianela , Quesada Segura Steven , Fernández Álvarez Hazel
Published: December 2023

Este escrito reporta el proceso de diseño y análisis de un material didáctico. El diseño se sustentó con aspectos teóricos y metodológicos del Análisis Didáctico y responde a una investigación cualitativa de diseño. Algunas fuentes de datos utilizadas fueron: entrevistas a expertos, cuestionarios al profesorado y al estudiantado y los Programas de Estudio de Matemática del Ministerio de Educación Pública de Costa Rica. Como resultados se elaboraron y analizaron nueve tareas sobre función lineal y ocho para función cuadrática. Estas tareas se analizaron según distintas variables, entre ellas: sistemas de representación, procesos de pensamiento favorecidos, nivel de complejidad, dificultades y posibles errores que se pueden cometer en su resolución. La elaboración de materiales didácticos, que promuevan habilidades matemáticas, requiere de una articulación entre las distintas variables presentes en las tareas; particularmente, demandan de la presencia de los diversos procesos de pensamiento matemático y de distintos niveles de complejidad. Además, aunque el proceso completo de fundamentación es extenso, el profesorado puede ir desarrollar las fases por separado e ir complementándolas en otros cursos lectivos
Experiencias de capacitación en la enseñanza de la Matemática en primaria: estrategias didácticas desde un proyecto de acción social
Authors: Castro Soto Leonel , Hernández Hernández Ismael , Rosales Fernández Natalia , Serrano Romero Manuel
Published: December 2023

: La educación costarricense desde hace unos años viene en cambio constante y esto conlleva a que los procesos de adaptación respondan de manera oportuna a tales cambios. Desde un proyecto de acción social inscrito en la Universidad de Costa Rica se realizan esfuerzos para coadyuvar con la mejora continua de la educación matemática a nivel de primaria mediante la generación y ejecución de estrategias didácticas y procesos de capacitación que apoyen la labor docente y el fomento de habilidades y destrezas matemáticas tanto en el personal docente como en los estudiantes con la finalidad de cimentar las bases matemáticas que le permitan desenvolverse de mejor manera en otros niveles del sistema educativo costarricense. El objetivo del presente estudio es presentar los resultados generados con la aplicación de estos procesos de capacitación.
Penerapan Model Disconvery Learning untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Belajar Siswa pada Materi Ekosistem Kelas X SMAN 6 Mataram
Authors: Kurniawati Lindra Wahyu , Yasa I Komang Mudika , Artayasa I Putu
Published: December 2023

Pendidikan di sekolah pada proses pembelajaran dapat menciptakan sumber daya manusia berkualitas dalam mengikuti perkembangan zaman. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran memerlukan model pembelajaran yang efektif, kreatif, dan inovatif untuk mengoptimalkan proses pembelajaran dengan meningkatkan keaktifan belajar siswa salah satunya dengan menerapkan model Discovery Learning. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah penerapan model Discovery Learning untuk meningkatkan keaktifan belajar siswa pada materi ekosistem kelas X SMAN 6 Mataram. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dengan subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas X8 dengan jumlah 34 semester genap tahun ajaran 2022/2023 di SMAN 6 Mataram. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi dengan rubrik penilaian, catatan lapangan dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan dari rata-rata siklus I sebesar 65% (Kategori sedang) menjadi rata-rata siklus II sebesar 78% (Kategori tinggi). Pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan disisipkan permainan membuat siswa akif belajar, berani menjawab pertanyaan, mengerjakan tugas dan menyampaikan pendapat, sehingga strategi pembelajaran harus diterapkan dengan disesuaikan kebutuhan belajar dan karakteritik peserta didik
O ensino de ciências com foco na educação cts nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Neiva Lorrany da Cunha , Nunes Simara Maria Tavares
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho tem como foco analisar a presença da Educação Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) nas práticas no Ensino de Ciências nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental a partir da Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL). Assim, com o auxílio da RSL buscamos compreender o que temos na literatura acadêmica a respeito do Ensino de Ciências com foco CTS nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Para isso, foi realizado um levantamento e análise dos artigos científicos do acervo do Portal de periódicos da CAPES que colaborasse com a temática estudada. Ao final desse estudo, identificamos que o ensino CTS é importante desde a primeira infância para a formação do senso crítico dos estudantes e percebemos que há poucas publicações sobre a prática CTS no ensino de ciências nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental.
The impact of oil price volatility on the economic development: The linear programming method study
Authors: Alrawi Ahmed W. , Awad Khalid Rokan , Alakidi Ahmed Mohammed Jassim
Published: December 2023

In this study, the utilization of the linear programming method for the purpose of optimizing the impact of oil price volatility on economic development has been conducted accordingly. It utilised linear programming to ascertain how changes in oil prices have impacted the economy. Using the data gathered, the linear programming method has been demonstrated. Quality benchmarks for a number of characteristics have been calculated using the optimization of linear programming (Jarrett et al., 2019; Mo et al., 2019). The results of the linear programming, an examination of convergence was conducted. The four most important parameters have had growth regressions computed for the period 2010–2020 that factor in monetary development. These regression analyses have already been completed. Further, the well-developed static model exhibits linear effects within a finance-growth foundation. The findings have optimized CALP and financial growth accordingly. The proposed model was tested by running a cost-benefit analysis on a subset of the crude oil’s qualitative characteristics. The model presented in this article considers not only consumer satisfaction with product prices but also producer satisfaction with those same prices.
Losing Territory: The Effect of Administrative Splits on Land Use in the Tropics
Authors: Cisneros Elías , Kis-Katos Krisztina , Reiners Lennart
Published: December 2023

State decentralization is often promoted to improve public service delivery, but its effects on forest conservation are ambiguous. This study exploits the discontinuous changes in government responsibilities through district splitting at new administrative borders in Indonesia. Using a spatial boundary discontinuity design, we find a 35% deforestation decline within new districts relative to existing districts both immediately before and after splits. The results point to strategic investment behavior by existing governments that maximizes medium-run land-use revenues.
Selected hematology ratios in cats with non-septic effusions highly suspected of feline infectious peritonitis
Authors: Kopilovic Aleksandar , Gvozdic Dragan , Radakovic Milena , Spariosu Kristina , Andric Nenad , Francuski-Andric Jelena
Published: December 2023

In veterinary medicine, knowledge about hematologic ratios
(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR)
and mean platelet volume-to-platelet ratio (MPV/PLT)) is limited,
particularly in cats. While the roles of these ratios have been proven in
oncology, systemic inflammation with or without systemic inflammatory
response syndrome (SIRS), and sepsis, information is lacking about their
alterations in non-septic effusions, like feline infectious peritonitis
(FIP). This study aimed to describe whether NLR, PLR, and MPV/PLT were
changed and whether they correlated with routine hematologic and biochemical
parameters in 16 cats with non-septic effusions, highly suspected to be the
effusive form of FIP without SIRS, compared to nine clinically healthy cats.
The NLR was calculated as the absolute count of neutrophils divided by the
absolute count of lymphocytes, PLR by calculating the absolute platelet
divided by the absolute lymphocyte count, and MPV/PLT by dividing mean
platelet volume by absolute platelet count. The NLR, MPV, and MPV/PLT
ratios were higher in cats with non-septic effusions suspected to be FIP,
but PLR did not differ, when compared to healthy cats. Correlation analysis
did not show any association between the selected ratios and hematological
and biochemical parameters. In the absence of leukocytosis, increased NLR
could help us to confirm the presence of systemic inflammation in cats with
non-septic effusions indicative of FIP. However, a high MPV/PLT ratio should
be interpreted with caution, especially in cats.
Transdermal Blood Sampling for C-Peptide Is a Minimally Invasive, Reliable Alternative to Venous Sampling in Children and Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Besser Rachel E.J. , Long Anna E. , Owen Katharine R. , Law Rebecca , Birks Jacqueline S. , Pearce Olivia , Williams Claire L. , Scudder Claire L. , McDonald Timothy J. , Todd John A.
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

C-peptide and islet autoantibodies are key type 1 diabetes biomarkers, typically requiring venous sampling, which limits their utility. We assessed transdermal capillary blood (TCB) collection as a practical alternative.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Ninety-one individuals (71 with type 1 diabetes, 20 control; individuals with type 1 diabetes: aged median 14.8 years [interquartile range (IQR) 9.1–17.1], diabetes duration 4.0 years [1.5–7.7]; control individuals: 42.2 years [38.0–52.1]) underwent contemporaneous venous and TCB sampling for measurement of plasma C-peptide. Participants with type 1 diabetes also provided venous serum and plasma, and TCB plasma for measurement of autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase, islet antigen-2, and zinc transporter 8. The ability of TCB plasma to detect significant endogenous insulin secretion (venous C-peptide ≥200 pmol/L) was compared along with agreement in levels, using Bland-Altman. Venous serum was compared with venous and TCB plasma for detection of autoantibodies, using established thresholds. Acceptability was assessed by age-appropriate questionnaire.

RESULTS

Transdermal sampling took a mean of 2.35 min (SD 1.49). Median sample volume was 50 µL (IQR 40–50) with 3 of 91 (3.3%) failures, and 13 of 88 (14.7%) <35 µL. TCB C-peptide showed good agreement with venous plasma (mean venous ln[C-peptide] – TCB ln[C-peptide] = 0.008, 95% CI [−0.23, 0.29], with 100% [36 of 36] sensitivity/100% [50 of 50] specificity to detect venous C-peptide ≥200 pmol/L). Where venous serum in multiple autoantibody positive TCB plasma agreed in 22 of 32 (sensitivity 69%), comparative specificity was 35 of 36 (97%). TCB was preferred to venous sampling (type 1 diabetes: 63% vs. 7%; 30% undecided).

CONCLUSIONS

Transdermal capillary testing for C-peptide is a sensitive, specific, and acceptable alternative to venous sampling; TCB sampling for islet autoantibodies needs further assessment.
Implementation of the Passing Off Doctrine as a Legal Discovery by Judges in Indonesia
Authors: Suryaningsih Nissa Dayu , Paulus Darminto Hartono , Yunanto
Published: December 2023

This research aims to provide an overview of the implementation of the passing off doctrine as a legal discovery by judges in Indonesia’s trademark dispute litigation process. One of the problems related to brands in Indonesia is piggybacking on the reputation (good name) of a well-known brand, thereby causing deception or misdirection among consumers who want to buy goods or services. This problem is further studied using normative juridical research methods with a conceptual approach. This research concludes that the passing off doctrine has not been accommodated in regulations regarding brands in Indonesia. Even though the doctrine of passing off in Indonesia is unknown, passing off that occurs in Indonesia is usually carried out in the form of business actors imitating well-known registered marks of other parties so that they have similarities in whole or, in essence, to similar goods or services. This confuses or is misleading so that consumers will be mistaken in choosing goods or services that are well known and whose quality is guaranteed (public misleading). Judges can use the passing off doctrine in resolving trademark disputes based on related provisions such as Article 21, paragraph (1) of the Trademark and Geographical Indications Law, Article 15, paragraph (1) of TRIPs, and the Law on Consumer Protection.
The Effect of Irradiation Methods on Biomass Yield on Mix of Corn (zea mays) and Mung Bean (Vigna radiata) with Hydroponic system
Authors: Susilawati Iin , Khairani Lizah
Published: December 2023

The objectives of this research was to find effect of irradiation methods on the production of biomass fresh weight, leaf and root dry weight on  combination of mung bean and corn with hydroponic system. This research was design with experimental method using Completely Randomized Design   with 2 treatmens and 9 replications. The observed of P1 = irradiation method with the sunlight for  12 hours and P2 = irradiation method with  LED grow light 7. watt for  16 hours. Parameters observed were biomass fresh weight,  leaf and root dry weight Data were analyzed using of two samples Independent T-tes. The result showed that biomass fresh weight and leaf dry weight of irradiation with  LED  higher   than  irradiation  with the sunlight,  the average’s 3155,844 g/m2, and 55,14 g/m2, but no significant effect on dry weight of root.
Memoria y enfoque enactivo: análisis sobre el rol del cuerpo y las interacciones sociales
Authors: Diaz Abrahan Verónika , Bermejo Fernando , Hüg Mercedes
Published: December 2023

El enactivismo es una rama de las perspectivas cognitivas corporizadas que sostiene que la cognición emerge del acoplamiento que se da entre el organismo y su entorno. Este enfoque podría ofrecer una mirada alternativa para comprender aspectos de la memoria que representan desafíos para los abordajes tradicionales. La presente revisión bibliográfica busca avanzar en el tema a través de preguntas sobre cómo se genera, cómo se mantiene en el tiempo y para qué sirve la memoria. En el artículo se sintetizan las bases conceptuales del enactivismo para posteriormente revisar investigaciones que discuten sobre los procesos constructivos y las bases sensoriomotoras de la memoria y, finalmente, investigaciones que problematizan la formación y evocación de recuerdos sociales y colectivos.
Pseudo-absorbing comultiplication modules over a pullback ring
Authors: ATANI Shahabaddin Ebrahimi , KHORAMDEL Mehdi , DOLATI PISHHESARI Saboura
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we introduce the notion of pseudo-absorbing

comultiplication modules. A full description of all indecomposable pseudo-absorbing

comultiplication modules with finite dimensional top over certain kinds of pullback rings

are given and establish a connection between the pseudo-absorbing comultiplication

modules and the pure-injective modules over such rings.
On Almost Everywhere K-Additive Set-Valued Maps
Authors: Jabłońska Eliza
Published: December 2023

Let X be an Abelian group, Y be a commutative monoid, K ⊂Y be a submonoid and F : X → 2
Y

\ {∅} be a set-valued map. Under some additional assumptions on ideals ℐ
1 in X and ℐ
2 in X
2, we prove that if F is ℐ
2-almost everywhere K-additive, then there exists a unique up to K K-additive set-valued map G : X → 2
Y

\{∅} such that F = G ℐ
1-almost everywhere in X. Our considerations refers to the well known de Bruijn’s result [1].
Prediction and causes of open gingival embrasure spaces between the mandibular central incisors following orthodontic treatment
Authors: Ikeda Tadataka , Yamaguchi Masaru , Meguro Daijiro , Kasai Kazutaka
Published: December 2023

Background: An open gingival embrasure space (OGES) between the mandibular incisors, also known as a “black triangle” (BT), can be an undesirable outcome of adult orthodontic treatment.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the parameters that contributed most to the occurrence of an OGES between the mandibular central incisors, the area with the highest incidence of BT in the lower arch following orthodontic treatment.

Methods: A stepwise regression model was used to identify the variables (age, crowding, treatment duration, alveolar bone height, and six variables describing crown morphology) related independently to OGES score. Intra-oral photographs taken before and after orthodontic treatment, study models and intra-oral radiographs of 60 patients were used. Embrasures between the mandibular central incisors were measured and classified into three types: papilla filling, pinpoint, and BT.

Results: Age at the first consultation, length of active treatment and maximum crown width were larger in the BT group than in the normal group. In contrast, incisal edge – centre of the contact point, upper contact point – lower contact point, mesial CEJ – distal CEJ, and mesial CEJ – distal CEJ / maximum crown width were smaller in the BT group than in the normal group. Variation in OGES score was explained by the independent contributions of age at the first consultation, duration of active treatment, maximum crown width, and mesial CEJ – distal CEJ width. The multiple regression coefficient was 0.98, and the regression coefficient square was 96 per cent.

Conclusion: We conclude that age at the first consultation, duration of active treatment, and crown morphology are involved in OGES manifestation. We suggest also that BT occurrence may be predictable prior to treatment.
An orthodontic information package designed to increase patient awareness
Authors: Anderson Michael A. , Freer Terry J.
Published: December 2023

Background: Most patients and their parents experience difficulty in fully appreciating the implications and demands of orthodontic treatment. This is largely because of inadequate understanding of the process of treatment or the commitment required. Objectives: To determine if a specifically developed video information package could significantly increase patient awareness of the implications of a full course of orthodontic treatment. Changes in attitude to orthodontic treatment after viewing the package were also measured.

Methods: Year 7 (12 year-old) students in two primary schools in the City of Gold Coast, Australia were randomly allocated to either a study group or a control group. Knowledge of and attitude to orthodontic treatment were measured with self-administered questionnaires before and after viewing the information package.

Results: The intervention group showed a 15 per cent gain in knowledge (p < 0.001). There was no gain in knowledge for the 45 students in the control group. There was no measured change in perception of need for orthodontic treatment in the study group. There was, however, an increase in potential compliance and positive attitude to the appearance of orthodontic appliances. There was a small increase in willingness to undertake treatment, but this was not statistically significant.

Conclusions: The information package developed for this study increased awareness of the implications and practical difficulties which may be encountered during a course of orthodontic treatment, and produced some changes in attitude to treatment.
Levels of t-PA and PAI-2 in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement in adults
Authors: Hoshino-Itoh Junko , Kurokawa Akihiko , Yamaguchi Masaru , Kasai Kazutaka
Published: December 2023

Background: The regulation of plasminogen activation is a key element in controlling proteolytic events in the extracellular matrix.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI -2) during orthodontic tooth movement in adults.

Methods: Five male subjects (Mean age: 22.5 ± 2.8 years) and five female subjects (Mean age: 23.4 ± 3.9 years) were used. Each subject had one upper canine retracted into an extraction space. The contralateral and opposing canines, which were not moved, served as controls. GCF was collected at the distal cervical margins of the experimental and control teeth 0, 1, 24, and 168 hours after a retracting force was placed. GCF levels of t-PA and PAI-2 were determined by commercially available ELISA kits.

Results: After 24 hours of tooth movement the levels of t-PA and PAI-2 in the GCF were significantly higher from the experimental canines compared with the control teeth. There were no significant experimental - control differences at 0, 1, and 168 hours. There were no differences in the total protein levels up to 168 hours after orthodontic tooth movement.

Conclusions: These results indicate that the amounts of t-PA and PAI-2 in the GCF increase with orthodontic tooth movement, and suggest that such increases may be involved in extracellular matrix degradation in response to mechanical stress. Failure to detect elevated levels of t-PA and PAI-2 at 168 hours was attributed to decay of the force retracting the canines.
Visual application of the American Board of Orthodontics grading system
Authors: Scott Steven A. , Freer Terry J.
Published: December 2023

Background: Assessment of treatment outcomes has traditionally been accomplished using the subjective opinion of experienced clinicians. Reduced subjectivity in the assessment of orthodontic treatment can be achieved with the use of an occlusal index. To implement an index for quality assurance purposes is time-consuming and subject to the inherent error of the index. Quality assessment of orthodontic treatment on a routine basis has been difficult to implement in private practice.

Objectives: To investigate whether a clinician can accurately apply the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System by direct visual inspection instead of measuring individual traits.

Methods: A random sample of 30 cases was selected, including pretreatment and post-treatment upper and lower study casts and panoramic radiographs. The cases were examined and scored with the standardized measuring gauge according to the protocol provided by the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO). The records were re-examined 6 weeks later and the individual traits scored by visual inspection (VI).

Results: There were no significant differences between the pre- and post-treatment ABO gauge and VI scores.

Conclusions: This study suggests that occlusal traits defined by the ABO Objective Grading System can be accurately assessed by visual inspection. The VI score provides a simple and convenient method for critical evaluation of treatment outcome by a clinician.
Effect of upper premolar extractions on the position of the upper lip
Authors: Bokas Jim , Collett Tony
Published: December 2023

Background

It has been suggested that Class II division 1 malocclusions treated with extractions result in detrimental changes in the facial profile. This study investigates changes in the position of the upper lip following upper arch extractions only.

Objective

To investigate changes in the position of the upper lip following extraction of the upper first premolars and retraction of the upper incisors.

Methods

The sample consisted of 35 Class II division 1 patients with overjets of least 5 mm whose malocclusions were corrected with upper first premolar extractions and full fixed appliances. Twelve patients in the sample had overjets ≥ 9 mm. There were no extractions in the lower arch. Pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms were used to determine the changes in the position of the upper lip.

Results

At the end of treatment the upper lip was 0.46 mm less protrusive than at the start of treatment. In patients with overjets ≥ 9 mm the upper lip was approximately 1 mm less protrusive at the end of treatment (Mean pre- and post-treatment difference: 0.92 mm). There were no significant gender differences in the positions of the upper lip.

Conclusion

Minimal changes occur in the position of the upper lip following extraction of the upper premolars and retraction of the upper incisors. Factors other than the position of the upper incisors may determine the post-treatment position of the upper lip.
A clinical comparison between nickel titanium springs and elastomeric chains
Authors: Bokas Jim , Woods Michael
Published: December 2023

Objectives

To compare the rates of maxillary canine retraction and molar anchorage loss when using either NiTi springs or elastomeric chains delivering a known force with sliding edgewise mechanics.

Methods

Twelve patients who required maxillary canine retraction into first premolar extraction sites as part of their orthodontic treatment were selected. In a split-mouth design, these patients received precalibrated NiTi springs (12 quadrants) and premeasured elastomeric chains (12 quadrants), all delivering initial forces of approximately 200 g and being reactivated at 28 day intervals. Space closure and forward movement of the maxillary first molars were evaluated using maxillary impressions, which were taken before the start of canine retraction and then at 28 day intervals until canine retraction was almost complete.

Results

Statistical analysis revealed that the mean rate of space closure with NiTi springs (1.85 mm/month) was only 0.17 mm/month greater (p = 0.011) than that produced with the elastomeric chains (1.68 mm/month). The mean rates of anchorage loss for the NiTi springs and elastomeric chain were 0.46 mm/month and 0.45 mm/month respectively. This difference was not statistically significant. These amounts of forward molar movement were calculated to be between one quarter and one third of the average space closure per month, even in the presence of a fixed transpalatal arch.

Conclusion

The results indicate that the rates of space closure and molar anchorage loss using either NiTi springs or elastomeric chains, if reactivated every 28 days, are likely to be similar.
An investigation of the forces used by clinicians to open spaces with coil springs
Authors: Steinbach Gregor , Armstrong David , Kharbanda Om P. , Petocz Peter , Darendeliler M. Ali
Published: December 2023

Aims

To determine the forces applied by coil springs used to open spaces for blocked out lateral incisors, and to compare the actual forces used with clinicans’ concepts of an ‘ideal’ force.

Methods

Twelve postgraduate orthodontic students (7M, 5F) and 12 orthodontic tutors (9M, 3F) participated in this study. They were asked to state what they considered was an ideal orthodontic force, and then to cut appropriate lengths of stainless steel and nickel titanium open coil springs to open spaces for blocked out maxillary and mandibular permanent lateral incisors on a typodont set-up. The forces generated by the open coil springs were measured and compared to the stated ideal forces.

Results

The mean ideal force was 76.75 g (Range: 25–200 g). The mean applied force was 314 g (Range: 21–519 g).

There were no significant differences in the forces used by the male and female postgraduates, but the male tutors used a significantly higher force than the male postgraduate students (p = 0.007) and the female tutors (p < 0.001). The female tutors used a significantly lower force than the female postgraduates (p = 0.024) and the male postgraduates (p = 0.003).

Higher forces were produced by the stainless steel coil springs in both arches (Maxillary arch: p = 0.007; Mandibular arch: p < 0.005).

Conclusions

The clinicians could not agree on an ideal force to open spaces for blocked out lateral incisors. There were substantial differences between the forces applied by the coil springs and the forces considered by the clinicians to be ideal. There were large differences in the forces used by the different groups of orthodontists.