bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A leading-edge based method for correction of slope-induced errors in ice-sheet heights derived from radar altimetry
Authors: Li Weiran , Slobbe Cornelis , Lhermitte Stef
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Satellite radar altimetry has been an important tool for cryospheric applications such as measuring ice-sheet height or assessing snow/ice anomalies (e.g., the extensive melt in Greenland in 2012). Although accurate height measurements are key for such applications, slope-induced errors due to undulating topography within the kilometre-wide pulse-limited footprint can cause multi-meter errors. Therefore different correction methods have been developed ranging from the slope method to the point-based method. Each of these methods have shortcomings as they either neglect the actual topography or the actual footprint that can be estimated by a combination of the leading edge and topography. Therefore, a novel Leading Edge Point-Based (LEPTA) method is presented that corrects for the slope-induced error by including the leading edge information of the radar waveform to determine the impact point. The principle of the method is that only the points on the ground that are within range determined by the begin and end of the leading edge are used to determine the impact point. Benchmarking of the LEPTA method to the slope- and point-based method based on CryoSat-2 LRM acquisitions over Greenland in 2019 shows that heights obtained by LEPTA outperform the other methods when compared to ICESat-2 observations, both in the flat, interior regions of Greenland and in regions with more complex topography. The median difference between the slope-corrected CryoSat-2 and the ICESat-2 heights is almost negligible, whereas the other methods can have a 0.22 m and 0.69 m difference, and the Level-2 data provided by ESA have a 0.01 m difference. The median absolute deviation, which we use as an indicator of the variation of errors, is also the lowest in LEPTA (0.09 m) in comparison to the aforementioned methods (0.22 m and 0.13 m) and ESA Level-2 data (0.15 m). Based on that, we recommend considering LEPTA to obtain accurate height measurements with radar altimetry data, especially in regions with complex topography.
The books are alive with biological data: an introduction to the field of biocodicology and its implications for historical health sciences collections
Authors: Rosenbloom Megan
Published: July 2021

Recent global events have underscored the need for broad access to digitized library special collections. At the same time, a burgeoning field of scientific and historical inquiry is finding a goldmine of data in the physical old books and manuscripts stored for centuries on library shelves. This article gives an overview of some of the interesting studies employing library materials in the new field of biocodicology, which expands the field of codicology (learning about book history through studying a copy’s physical attributes, sometimes referred to as “archaeology of the book”) to interrogate physical books with proteomic, genomic, and microbiomic tools. Historical health sciences collections provide rich, new research avenues for budding biocodicologists, and biocodicology and other interdisciplinary fields focused on material culture present an unforeseen justification for institutions’ continued preservation and access to individual physical copies.
Strip Searches, Police Power and the Infliction of Harm: An Analysis of the New South Wales Strip Search Regime
Authors: Sentas Vicki , Grewcock Michael
Published: July 2021

Police misuse of strip search powers at music festivals, at train stations, in police vehicles and at other locations has been subject to sustained public attention in recent years. This article traces the evolution of strip search practices in New South Wales, explores the legal and policy context in which they have developed, highlights the individual and social harms arising from them and discusses the need for fundamental law reform. We argue that recent controversies regarding police strip searches and drug detection dog operations in New South Wales show policing to be simultaneously a law-making and a law-abusing power. By examining concepts concerned with how police construct their own working rules, police data and testimony provided to the Law Enforcement Conduct Commission (LECC), we explain how police justify conducting strip searches that should otherwise be considered unlawful.
Repensando las olas del feminismo. Una aproximación teórica a la metáfora de las olas
Authors: Garrido Rodríguez Carmen
Published: July 2021

Introducción. Desde 1968, cuando se habló por primera vez del término «ola» dentro del movimiento feminista, se ha venido aceptando que la historia del feminismo se clasifica en una serie de etapas denominadas olas. Durante los últimos años, están aumentando las críticas a esta metáfora, por considerarse artificial, por la homogeneidad con la que presenta al movimiento feminista, por el obscurecimiento de la realidad o por su carácter etnocéntrico. Objetivos. En base a esto, el objetivo del presente artículo es proponer una discusión teórica partiendo de la literatura de los movimientos sociales, sobre cada una de ellas y esclarecer las posibles dudas que puedan surgir alrededor de este concepto. Metodología. El presente trabajo se basa en una revisión bibliográfica sobre el debate alrededor del uso de la metáfora de las olas en el seno del movimiento feminista para ponerlo en diálogo con la literatura de los movimientos sociales. Con este enfoque, se pretende llegar a un correcto uso y entendimiento de la metáfora de las olas en el seno del movimiento feminista, partiendo del concepto de «ciclo de protesta», que nos ayudará a comprender cómo la metáfora de las olas no es exclusiva del feminismo. Asimismo, se realiza un repaso por las cuatro olas que caracterizan al movimiento feminista, que ayudarán a un mayor entendimiento de la teoría que se presenta. Finalmente, se recogen algunas de las alternativas que se encuentran en la literatura a la idea de las olas, como pueden ser hablar de proceso, generación o presentar al feminismo como un caleidoscopio; repasando las ventajas que las mismas podrían aportar. Resultados y conclusiones. Este enfoque de la metáfora de las olas en el feminismo nos lleva a ver que, si bien es cierto que puede presentar ambigüedades y confusiones, un correcto entendimiento de esta supone una gran herramienta analítica
“El lugar que nos venimos ganando”
Authors: Scarpino Pascual , Johnson María Cecilia
Published: July 2021

Introducción. El presente trabajo se centra en las narrativas biográficas de estudiantes y graduadxs no-heterosexuales en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Argentina, en el marco de un proyecto de investigación internacional de la “Red de Investigación en diferenciales de género en la Educación Superior Iberoamericana” (Universidad de Alicante, España). Objetivos. Este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar las trayectorias y experiencias biográficas en clave sexo-política, poniendo de relieve el problema de la violencia de género en general, y la homo-lesbo-trans-bi-odiante en particular en el ámbito de la Educación Superior. Metodología. Desde una metodología cualitativa, se analizan los relatos de vida de lxs entrevistadxs pertenecientes a dos unidades académicas de la UNC, desde los aportes del método biográfico. En particular, se retoman las consideraciones que Ernesto Meccia elabora para el abordaje empírico de los relatos de vida, atendiendo tanto a los contenidos del discurso como a sus modos de articulación. Resultados. Hacia el final, optamos por resaltar algunas consideraciones particulares de lo que el análisis nos arroja, indicando tres aspectos sustantivos que emergen en la interpretación de tales narrativas en el marco de un contexto social más amplio. Además, se indican una serie de desafíos que enfrentan las universidades en el marco de las disputas por la transformación de la política sexual en pos de contribuir a la erradicación de las violencias homo-lesbo-trans-bi/odiantes.
Pesquisas sobre políticas para Educação Infantil: memória bibliográfica, base de dados e epistemologia
Authors: Soares Ademilson de Sousa , Pereira João Marcelo dos Santos , Santos Paola de Castro dos
Published: July 2021

Este artigo insere-se no campo da pesquisa sobre pesquisas e apresenta reflexões que buscam aproximar epistemologia, memória bibliográfica e base de dados, na compreensão das pesquisas sobre políticas para Educação Infantil como primeira etapa da Educação Básica no Brasil. O conceito de política é mobilizado para examinar as pesquisas sobre as políticas educacionais voltadas ao atendimento da primeira infância e para problematizar, de um ponto de vista epistemológico, a consistência dos aportes teóricos e metodológicos adotados pelos/as pesquisadores/as dessa área de estudo. Como resultado da análise de autores/as e textos mais citados na base de dados, indicam-se três campos conceituais: estudos mais gerais que contribuem para pesquisas em políticas para a infância, como Barroso (2005) e Mainardes (2006); estudos que investigam políticas para atendimento às crianças, tais como Kramer (1995) e Rosemberg (2002); e estudos sobre políticas para a Educação Infantil, como Campos (1994) e Barreto (2003). Nos três campos conceituais, a discussão e o aprofundamento da análise a partir do Enfoque das Epistemologias da Política Educacional (EEPE) revelaram-se pertinentes e adequados.
استثمار نظرية اللعبة Game Theory في المكتبات لدعم الكفاءة المالية
Authors:   أستاذ مشارك بقسم علم المعلومات، عميد شؤون المكتبات، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية, قمصاني الدكتور/ نبيل
Published: July 2021

تتناول الدراسة التي يقوم بها الباحث مفهوم جديد في العمل المكتبي يعرف باسم نظرية اللعبة، هذا المفهوم يعمل على رفع الكفاءة المالية للمكتبات. تهدف الدراسة الى التعرف على التطبيقات والممارسات التي يمكن الاستفادة منها في تحسين الكفاءة المالية للمكتبات. استخدم الباحث في هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي. من أبرز اهداف الدارسة ان نظرية اللعبة سوف تغير كثيراً من الاستراتيجيات التي تتبعها المكتبة في ظل تنوع مصادر الدخل ورفع الكفاءة المالية. وخلصت الدراسة الى اهمية تغير الصورة النمطية في الاستراتيجيات من اجل تحسين الخدمات المكتبية.
علم المناسبة، نشأته، وأهم أعلامه
Authors:   باحثة دكتوراه، الدراسات الإسلامية، التفسير وعلوم القرآن، جامعة الجزيرة، جمهورية السودان, جدة أمونة
Published: July 2021

تهدف هذه الدِّراسة إلى الكشف عن معنى المناسبات وأهميتها، وكذلك دراسة نشأتها وظهورها وتأصيلها؛ بتسليط الضوء على عناية العلماء قديمًا وحديثاً بها، واثبات وجودها في كتبهم تأصيلاً وتطبيقًا وتقعيدًا، وأنَّ قولهم فيها لم يكن بمحض رأيٍ لا مستند معه، بل كان مبنيًا على تأصيلٍ منذ عصر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، وذكر أهم الأعلام الذين عنوا بعلم المناسبات ومؤلفاتهم التي اعتنت به، وساهمت في إرساء قواعده، كما ساهمت في بيان حكم تطلب المناسبة بين الآيات والسور. واتَّبعتُ في هذا البحث المنهج التحليلي الاستقرائي، وجاء البحثُ في مقدِّمةٍ، وثلاثة فصول، وخاتمةٍ، وفهارس. وقد أكدت الدِّراسة على حاجة المفسر لعلم المناسبة، وأنَّه لا مستند صحيح لقول القائلين بمنع تطلبها بين الآيات والسور، وأنَّ كتب التفسير مليئة بتطبيقات علم المناسبة وهي من الجوانب المهمة التي اهتمَّ بها المفسرون. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج من أهمها: أنَّ الناظر في براعة القرآن وأسلوبه وترتيبه ونظمه يجده كسبيكة واحدة، مما يُرجح بأنَّ ترتيبه توقيفي، فيتعين حينها أنَّ وراء هذا الترتيب الإلهي سرًّا ينبغي البحث عنه؛ لأنَّه مُعينٌ على فهم مُراد الله تعالى من إنزاله، كما أنَّه لا مستند صحيح للقائلين بمنع المناسبة، وهو علمٌ مثبت موجود، له فوائد كثيرة. وتوصي الدِّراسة: بمزيد من البحث العلمي حول شروط اثبات علم المناسبة للقائلين بوجودها، وكذلك افراد تواليف خاصة لتطبيقات علم المناسبة من كتب التفسير التي عنيت بالمناسبة بالدراسة والبحث، وكذلك افراد دراسات تربط بين المناسبة وعلم السياق أو أسباب النزول، أو تكون مبحث من مباحث التفسير الموضوعي مثلاً أثر المناسبات في الدعوة إلى الله من خلال قصة موسى.
الأبعاد الدلالية للأنثى في شعر علي الباز
Authors:   دكتوراه في الآداب، قسم اللغة العربية وآدابها، جامعة الاسكندرية، جمهورية مصر العربية, العنزي عنود
Published: July 2021

اختلفت صورة المرأة في الشعر العربي الحديث عن صورة المرأة في الشعر القديم، حيث بدأت المرأة في هذه المرحلة الشعرية تدخل بشكل جديد مختلف عن الصورة التقليدية التي أخذتها في الشعر العربي. وما يتحدث فيه الباحث عن أحد شعراء الشعر الاسكندراني المعاصر. الشاعر علي الباز. شاعر مصري معاصر استطاع بأدبه وما يتمتع به من شاعرية أصيلة أن يحتل مكانة متميزة للغاية بين معاصريه. كان من مصر (إلى الكويت حيث يعمل هناك). فلقد أثر غياب الشاعر عن مصر لمدة طويلة في ذيوع اسمه على النحو الذي كان جدير به، وهذا أيضاً من الأهداف والنتائج التي سعت الرسالة إلى تحقيقها من خلال تسليطها الضوء على هذا الشاعر المتميز. وتناول الباحث البحث من عدة فصول. كالتالي: الفصل الأول: صورة المرأة الأنثى وثنائية الذكر والأنثى الفصل الثاني: المرأة الأرض والوطن الفصل الثالث: المرأة العشق والرمز الصوفي الفصل الرابع: رمزية اللغة الفصل الخامس: رمزية الصورة. وخاتمة.
From Strategic Partnership to Strategic Interdependence: The Pak-China Duo
Authors: Namra Naseer, Dr. Azhar Ahmad
Published: July 2021

China and Pakistan are frequently touted as “strategic partners” based on the historic journey that has fused both states in a resilient partnership. The bilateral relationship is multisectoral based on diplomatic, defence and socio-economic cooperation. If focus of the bilateral ties is to be pinpointed, it would be defence and security cooperation that has been the defining factor of the relationship. However, the equation transformed with the transformation in the geopolitical context of the South Asian region post-2011. Pakistan signed a major economic venture with China; the China Pakistan Economic Corridor besides opening up to Russia as well. After the launch of CPEC in 2015, the defence centric bilateral relationship between Pakistan and China changed into a mega economic partnership. The paper has attempted to understand this transformation between the two countries and make a case for “strategic interdependence” rather than strategic partnership. Since, interdependence takes a deeper meaning than partnership.
Facebook as an Instrument of Political Participation in the Youth of Pakistan
Authors: Komal Ahmed, Dr. Maryam Azam, Dr. Ayesha Siddiqua
Published: July 2021

The inclusion of social media in politics has bought major transformations in the political culture and narrative building. In turn, it has massive impact on shaping and reshaping the public opinion. In addition, it also influences the perception of policy makers and leaders. In this context, this paper entails that how face book played a significant role in bringing youth as an active agent in the politics of Pakistan. The results identify that use of Face book played a significant role in increasing youth participation and their interest in politics.
Experience in the successful application of extracorporeal methods in treatment of tumor lysis syndrome
Authors: Voroshin D. G. , Beloborodov V. V. , Vazhenin А. V. , Ermakov М. А.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. This article, using a clinical case as an example, reflects the problem of the development of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). The most common cause of SLO development is antitumor treatment: radiation therapy, radiofrequency ablation, vascular embolization, the use of monoclonal antibodies, high-dose chemotherapy with transplantation of stasis from peripheral blood. This disorder leads to the development of metabolic, hemodynamic, respiratory and renal disorders. The TLS distinguished by high mortality rates, from 17% to 70%.

Materials and methods. Presented a clinical case of patient, 30 years old - observation of successful treatment of TLS of the III degree of clinical course according to Cairo-Bishop, in the conditions of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution «Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine», in the conditions of the intensive care unit and intensive care with the use of renal replacement therapy on the Prismaflex device.

Results and discussion. When the patient applied to the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution «Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine», the diagnosis made — Non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a diffuse type of growth of a high degree of malignancy. Revealed the defeat of the lymph nodes, parietal pleura, right hemithorax, atelectasis of the middle lobe of the right lung with air bronchography, hydrothorax on both sides, hydropericardium, free fluid in the pelvic cavity, phlebolitis of the parametric tissue, degenerative-dystrophic changes in the spine. On the first day of hospitalization, antibacterial and pain relief therapy started, and nutritional disturbances were corrected. After the pre-phase chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine), the patient's condition worsened, she was transferred to the intensive care unit. Where was the treatment carried out: convulsive syndrome, respiratory failure, acute renal failure, bilateral pneumonia, PE. Against the background of this therapy, special treatment continued - 2 cycles of chemotherapy. After the patient transferred to spontaneous breathing and the indices of blood slags and potassium were normalized, she was transferred to the antitumor therapy department to continue special treatment.

Conclusion. Our algorithm for the treatment of SLO led to positive dynamics and the possibility of carrying out special antitumor therapy for this patient.
Personalized reconstructive and plastic approach in the surgical treatment of vulvar cancer
Authors: Mukhin A. A. , Taratonov A. V.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The choice of a rational method of treatment in vulvar cancer is one of the most actual and difficult problems of modern clinical oncology. In the majority of cases vulvar cancer occurs in elderly and senile patients, as well as in some patients with locally advanced form.

The aim of the investigation was to assess the possibility of reconstruction after surgical treatment of vulvar cancer.

Materials and Methods. A study was conducted involving 151 patients with squamous cell vulvar cancer in whom the gynecological oncology department of Chelyabinsk regional clinical center of oncology and nuclear medicine performed surgical treatment by various methods in the following volume: dilated vulvectomy with the resection of adjacent anatomical structures with reconstructive and plastic component.

Results. The original ways of plasty of the postoperative wound after vulvectomy were evaluated, the minimum risk of  complications was revealed. The presented technologies permit to use additional variants of the wound defect reconstruction and have a number of advantages in comparison with two dermalfascial flaps from the medial surfaces of the femur used earlier.

Discussion. Studies have shown that vulvar reconstruction using skin flaps can avoid complications and improve patients' quality of life. Reconstruction with flaps is not currently an accepted standard of treatment for vulvar cancer.

Conclusion. The methods of the wound defect closure are possible after radical vulvectomy in patients with squamous cell vulvar cancer and resection of adjacent anatomical structures without reduction of surgical treatment volume. These methods of wound defect closure contribute to the reduction of postoperative complications and significantly reduce postoperative stay in a medical institution.
Evaluation of the efficiency of perioperative chemotherapy in the complex treatment of gastric cancer
Authors: Mantsyrev Е. О. , Privalov A. V. , Kuvaev S. V. , Semikopov К. V. , Gavrishkin I. A.
Published: July 2021

Introduction.Of greatest interest in the complex treatment of gastric cancer is the assessment of the effect of perioperative chemotherapy on the immediate and long-term results of treatment. Including, the possibility of studying the effectiveness of chemotherapy, its effect on the resectability of the tumor process, determining the possibility of an indirect correlation for intra — and postoperative complications.

The aim of the studyis to study the effectiveness of perioperative chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric cancer and its direct effect on the results of surgical treatment.

Methods.At the base Chelyabinsk Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, studies are being conducted to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of perioperative chemotherapy in the complex treatment of gastric cancer. Based on the inclusion criteria, 80 patients were selected with a diagnosis of gastric cancer T2-3N0-2M0. The first stage of all patients underwent diagnostic laparoscopy with negative peritoneal washings. The male to female ratio was 51% and 49%, respectively. The average age of the patients was 61 years. By morphological structure, gastric adenocarcinoma prevailed — 85%, cricoid cell carcinoma was 9%, adenocarcinoma with a cricoid cell component — 6%. According to the T category, the patients were distributed as follows: cT2 — 5%; sT3 — 59%; cT4 — 36%. In category N, patients of category N1 prevailed — 59%; patients with cN0 and cN1 were represented in approximately equal proportions, 14% and 19%, respectively. Patients with stage II accounted for 33%, with stage III — 67%. The main combination of drugs was FLOT (87%), FolFox (3%), XELOX (5%), PF (5%) were also used.

Results. The data obtained clearly demonstrate the good tolerability of the performed preoperative chemotherapy, the absence of significant adverse reactions. Drug therapy did not affect the planned timing of the surgical stage of treatment. Also, no effect of chemotherapy on postoperative complications was noted. R0 resection was performed in 100% of cases. In 49% of cases, stage reduction was performed. Significant medical grade III — IV pathomorphosis was obtained in 26% of cases. Discussion.Interpretation of therapeutic tumor pathomorphosis for evaluating the effectiveness and planning of adjuvant therapy currently requires further study and evaluation.

Conclusion.Perioperative chemotherapy is not accompanied by adverse reactions affecting the timing and outcome of treatment. The obtained positive clinical effect according to examination data, intraoperative visual assessment suggests an improvement in overall survival and a decrease in one-year mortality in the complex treatment of gastric cancer.
Treatment of advanced-stage ovarian cancer including combination of intra-abdominal chemotherapy
Authors: Saevets V. V. , Privalov A. V. , Vazhenin A. V. , Semenov Y. A. , Shmidt A. V.
Published: July 2021

Introduction.Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancies: the one-year relative survival rate with stages 3 and 4 of the disease is 20%. The results of treatment remain unsatisfactory, which dictates the need to find new methods of treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of HIIH (hyperthermic intraperitoneal intraoperative chemoperfusion, HIPEC) in patients with the diagnosis of: ovarian cancer IIIA-From the stage of the disease.

Materials and methods.117 cases of stage IIIA-C ovarian cancer treated at the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine from January 2014 to March 2021 were retrospectively studied. All patients underwent 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAPHT) according to the paclitaxel+carboplatin (PCb) scheme, followed by surgical treatment to the extent of maximum cytoreductive surgery. Two study groups were formed: 1 — cases with GIIH (N=57), 2-without GIIH (N=60). On the 14-16 day after the operation, all patients underwent 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy according to the PCb scheme.

Results.A significant increase in overall survival was found in the first group of patients with HIPEC. This technique allows to increase the survival rate of patients for 14 months at stage IIIA-B (p<0.05). At stage IIIC, there was no statistically significant difference in the survival rate of patients. There was a tendency to increase the survival rate by 5 months (p>0.05), which is associated with the pronounced prevalence of the tumor process and the technical impossibility of removing the tumor. Discussion.The concentration of drugs in the abdominal cavity and in the blood plasma significantly differs due to the functioning of the peritoneal-plasma barrier, which leads to a lower toxicity in comparison with systemic chemotherapy, and therefore allows you to give a large dose of the drug with fewer adverse events, and the fact of hyperthermia (42°C) has a positive effect on the effectiveness of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. To date, this method has not been included in the clinical recommendations on the territory of the Russian Federation, but data from foreign literature, including randomized trials, have shown the high effectiveness of this method.

Conclusion.The results obtained in the course of our study demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique, in the form of an increase in overall and relapse-free survival with acceptable toxicity.
Features of the lymphocytic microenvironment in metastatic uveal melanoma
Authors: Shamanova A. Y. , Kazachkov E. L. , Panova I. Е. , Vazhenin A. V. , Shamaeva Т. N. , Alymov Е. A.
Published: July 2021

Introduction.Uveal melanoma is a malignant neoplasm of the vascular tract of the eye. Prevention of metastasis of this tumor is one of the main tasks in order to increase the rates of relapse-free survival of patients. Despite the pronounced immunosuppressive activity of uveal melanoma cells, its lymphocytic microenvironment exerts its antitumor effect.

Aim of the study.Compare the lymphocytic microenvironment of primary uveal melanomas and distant metastases (to the liver).

Мaterials and methods.The tissue material of choroid melanoma after enucleation and the material of tumor metastases for the period 2013-2018 were studied. An immunohistochemical study was performed using CD8, CD4, and CD56 markers for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of lymphocytes in the tumor stroma.

Results.Differences were found in the lymphocytic infiltration of the uveal melanoma stroma and its distant metastases. A statistically significantly greater representation of CD4, CD8-lymphocytes and CD56 cells in tumor metastases than in primary melanoma tissue samples, with CD4-lymphocytes predominant. A direct high-strength correlation was registered between the number of CD4-lymphocytes and CD8-lymphocytes.

Discussion.Malignant cells actively modify their cellular and stromal-vascular environment, ensuring their active growth and reproduction. The question of the immune reactivity of the surrounding cells in relation to uveal melanoma remains debatable. According to our data, which is consistent with a number of other studies, uveal melanoma cells do not completely evade the body's immune response. Thus, the determination of possible points of antitumor exposure can be based on a detailed study of the microenvironment of uveal melanoma.

Conclusions.The pronounced lymphocytic infiltrate found in uveal melanoma metastases in comparison with the primary tumor indicates an active immune response of the body to the tumor. These results of our study confirm the importance of further studying the immune-mediated antitumor effect on uveal melanoma and the need to investigate possible approaches to immunotherapy.
Difficulties of radiological diagnosis оf small breast cancers
Authors: Leikht Т. N. , Bratnikova G. I. , Gomina Р. S. , Kosolapova N. S. , Tihaya К. A. , Kotova L. D. , Samosyuk N. А. , Repyanskaya I. А. , Utin К. G.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Breast cancer in the structure of malignancies in women takes the 1st place. There has been an annual increase in morbidity, including due to improvements in diagnostic interventions and screening. Mammography and ultrasound of the breasts is mandatory when diagnosing breast cancer. The difficulties of diagnosis are revealed in small tumors.

Methods. Breast ultrasounds were performed on the ultrasound machines of the expert class TOSHIBA APLIO 500, PHILIPS EPIQ 5 and PHILIPS EPIQ 7. Mammography and tomosynthesis were performed on mammogram MAMMOMAT INSPITATION PRIME. Core-biopsia under ultrasound control was carried out on the Logiq9 ultrasound scanner. Eighty women were selected with suspected cancer after breast core-biopsy with the category BI-RADS 3, 4 and 5. The size of the node according to ultrasound data was 6-10 mm.

Results. According to core-biopsia has been identified cancer, histologically and immunohystochemically confirmed in 50 cases. In 30 women benign tumors were identified. The most informative mammograms of breast cancer were high tumor density, ray of radiibility and local deformity of soft tissues. Among the characteristic ultrasonic signs of the cancer more often noted vertical orientation, reduced echogenicity, uneven contour, other signs were not so character for the cancer.

Conclusion. You can't focus on a separate sign of education! Only a combination of traits, different diagnostic methods contribute to the correct diagnosis.
Factors Influencing Nurses' Involvements and Utilizations of Research Findings Among Nurses in a Teaching Hospital, South West, Nigeria
Authors: C.O. Sowunmi , A.O. Olajide , R.A. Adenipekun , O.O. Fadipe , B.L. Ajibade
Published: July 2021

Background: Nursing is a profession that is concern with ensuring high quality of patient care. To providing quality care, participation in research and research utilization is very necessary. Objective: This study was designed to study factors influencing nurses’ involvement in research and utilization of research findings among nurses of a Teaching Hospital, South west, Nigeria. Method: A descriptive design was used. Convenient sample technique was used to select 198 Nurses and Self-developed questionnaire with reliability index of 0.875 was used for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS package. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to test the hypotheses and results were presented in tables. Result: The outcome of the study showed that 153(77.3) have never carried out any research while70 (35.4%) have never make use of research findings. Factors such as time, organizational policy, mentorship, funds and knowledge of research are some of the major factors influencing the involvement of nurses in research while awareness of research findings, time to read research findings, support from colleague, unpublished research influenced utilization of research findings. There was a significant relationship between: support from colleagues and nurses’ utilization of research findings (p=0.001); between unpublished research and nurses’ utilization of research findings( p-value= 0.000); between time to implement new ideas and the utilization of research findings by nurses (p=0.005); between organizational support and nurses’ utilization of research findings (p= 0.001); between the presence of research committee and nurses’ utilization of research findings (p= 0.000). Conclusion; numerous factors highlighted above are noted to influence nurse’s participation and utilization of research findings; hence, a multidimensional approach should be applied in solving the problem.
Deaths in custody in Australia 2017-18
Authors: Doherty Laura , Bricknell Samantha
Published: July 2021

The National Deaths in Custody Program (NDICP) is responsible for monitoring the extent and nature of deaths occurring in prison, police custody and youth detention in Australia since 1980. The Australian Institute of Criminology has coordinated the NDICP since its establishment in 1992, the result of a recommendation made by the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody the previous year. This report contains detailed information on deaths in both prison and police custody and custody-related operations in 2017–18, and compares these findings to longer term trends. No deaths occurred in youth detention in 2017–18.
Firearm theft in Australia 2018
Authors: Bricknell Samantha
Published: July 2021

In 2018 there were 847 reported incidents of firearm theft in which 2,425 firearms were stolen. This represents a 15 percent increase in incidents and a 35 percent increase in stolen firearms since 2008–09. Most thefts targeted residential premises with an average of three firearms stolen in each incident. The largest proportion of thefts occurred in regional parts of Australia, indicating a shift from major cities as the primary site of theft incidents. The majority of stolen firearms were in firearm safes at the time of the theft.
Female perpetrated domestic violence: Prevalence of self-defensive and retaliatory violence
Authors: Boxall Hayley , Dowling Christopher
Published: July 2021

Differences between male and female perpetrated domestic violence are widely acknowledged. However, there is a lack of Australian data on the circumstances of female perpetrated violence. This study analysed 153 police narratives of domestic violence incidents involving a female person of interest (POI). Results were consistent with international studies. Half of the episodes involved either self-defensive or retaliatory violence—otherwise known as violent resistance—meaning the POI had been a victim of prior violence by their partner or the episode involved a male victim who was abusive in the lead-up to the incident. Violent resistance was more common in incidents involving Indigenous women. The findings highlight the different motivations for female perpetrated domestic violence, and the importance of understanding the complex dynamics of violent episodes.
Throughcare needs of Indigenous people leaving prison in Western Australia and the Northern Territory
Authors: Tubex Hilde , Rynne John
Published: July 2021

This article reports on research undertaken in Western Australia and the Northern Territory to develop effective throughcare strategies for Indigenous people leaving prison. The findings are based on interviews with Indigenous men and women in communities, with and without lived experience of prison, and local service providers. The interviews demonstrate that a thorough exit plan from prison is essential. However, for throughcare strategies to be effective, they should acknowledge the context of Indigenous involvement in the criminal justice system and the ongoing consequences of colonisation. The paper discusses the main areas that need to be addressed during imprisonment and after release, which form the basis of recommendations. Effective throughcare strategies must involve Indigenous people and the broader community, to break the cycle of offending and reoffending and address the over-representation of Indigenous people in prison.
THE DIVINE SPIRITOF BEES.A NOTE ON HONEY AND THE ORIGINS OF YEAST-DRIVEN FERMENTATION
Authors: Nigro Lorenzo , Rinaldi Teresa
Published: July 2021

One of the earliest domesticated organisms is perhaps the eukaryote microorganism known as Saccharomycescerevisiae, or more simply “the yeast”. Its role in triggering fermentation as a process useful for agricultural products preservation and transformationinto food, though known from the Palaeolithicin the ancient Near East, became decisive in the Neolithic Period. The earliest agriculturalists of the Fertile Crescenttriggeredfermentationwith the addition of honey to fruits juices, as attested to in the archaeological record.The yeast,that lives inside the guts of bees and wasps,is apparently responsible for thisfermentation process. Honey contains both yeast and sugarthat facilitates yeastgrowth generating fermentation. The productivecapability of the bees let these insects to be credited of a divine spirit
The Effect of Sustainable Asymmetric Market Conditions on Returns & Volatility in Stock Markets during a Global Financial Crisis
Authors: Khan Majid Imdad , Ahmad Aftab , Akash Rana Shahid Imdad , Mahmood Asif , Ahmad Ayyaz , Yasmin Shagufta
Published: July 2021

Sustainable asymmetric market conditions’ development and volatility in stock returns play a vital role in investment decisions during a global financial crisis. Rational investment decisions and portfolio diversification can have the optimum returns. However, portfolio diversification through Islamic stock returns is perceived as a model of safer flight than that of conventional stocks. In the present study, the GARCH (1,1) - (Mean and Variance equations) has been employed to predict the impact of asymmetric market conditions on returns and volatility of Islamic stock markets (Dow Jones Islamic Market Malaysia (DJIM), Dow Jones Islamic Market Indonesia (JKII) and Dow Jones World Islamic Index (DJWI) Benchmark), and Conventional stock markets (Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE-China), Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE-India) and Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSE-Pakistan), during the global financial crisis. The analysis reveals that the bullish effect was higher in all stock markets. Overall results suggested that Islamic stock markets have a sustainable impact of asymmetric market conditions on returns and volatility of Islamic stock markets & conventional stock markets during the global financial crisis. The asymmetric market conditions in stock markets are strongly recommended for economic globalisation during a global financial crisis.
DIVERSIDADE EM PLATAFORMAS GLOBAIS DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO
Authors: Siqueira Venanzoni Thiago
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo debaterá as várias formas em que a diversidade se apresenta a partir das plataformas globais de distribuição audiovisuais. Para a análise optamos por três produções de grupos e coletivos audiovisuais nas plataformas de streaming Netflix e Prime Video: Branco sai, preto fica (Adirley Queirós, 2014), do Coletivo de Cinema de Ceilândia (CEICINE), Ceilândia-DF, Temporada (André Novais de Oliveira, 2018), da Filmes de Plástico, de Contagem-MG e Café com Canela (Glenda Nicácio, Ary Rosa, 2017), da Rosza Filmes, de Cachoeira-BA. A presença delas coincide com o discurso da diversidade incorporada às identidades das empresas e a busca dessas plataformas globais por produções locais em espaços em que as empresas analisam públicos consumidores.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DO LUGAR AUTORAL DA ROTEIRISTA SHONDA RHIMES NO MERCADO DA FICÇÃO SERIADA TELEVISIVA
Authors: Alves Genilson , Carmen Jacob de Souza Maria
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo analisa a construção do lugar autoral da roteirista Shonda Rhimes no mercado da ficção seriada televisiva, destacando o papel de Grey’s Anatomy na composição e consolidação dessa posição. Para tanto, examinamos momentos-chave da história da roteirista que definiram sua trajetória e suas escolhas neste mercado. Assim, buscamos demonstrar como a percepção de Rhimes sobre as especificidades do contexto de produção das séries se traduziu em estratégias de consolidação da importância do ofício do roteirista na função autoral das séries, em circunstâncias que promoveram um maior grau de autonomia na condução de seus projetos estilísticos e estéticos.
HMONG. THE SECRET ARMY
Authors: BIZADEA George
Published: July 2021

This article aims to analyze the role of the Hmong population in the Indochina conflict. US President Dwight D. Eisenhower considered Laos a buffer state according to theDominion Theory and as such much more strategically important than Vietnam. To avoid the fall of Laos under communism and thus the spread of communism in the region, Eisenhower turned to the services of the C.I.A., because he could not intervene officially in Laos without violating the Geneva Convention.Keywords: Indochina; Laos; Vietnam; war; United States of America; Hmong, Central Intelligence Agency.
US-ROMANIAN STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP – PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
Authors: CRISTIAN Alexandru
Published: July 2021

Based on 140 years of diplomatic relations made permanent and on almost 180 years of trade agreements, the US-Romanian relations evolved depending on the historicalcircumstances. Relations have grown stronger and more complex, to become permanent and eventually instrumentalized. The emergence of new diplomatic cooperation tools meant the professionalization and institutionalization of US-Romanian bilateral relations. July 11, 1997 – the launching date of the Strategic Partnership – is a historical turning point in the relations of the two countries, which has been beneficial for both stakeholders.Keywords: Strategic Partnership; United States of America; Romania; bilateral relations; pillars; trust; loyalty; cooperation.
Perspectiva dialógica, una propuesta de oralidad en el aula
Authors: Hernández-Capera Sandra Milena , Gómez-Lasso Diana Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

Este artículo presenta algunos resultados de la investigación de maestría Prácticas de oralidad desde una perspectiva dialógica en niños de grado segundo, en la cual se problematizaron las continuidades y tensiones que existen entre las prácticas de enseñanza de la oralidad fundamentadas desde una perspectiva dialógica y los Derechos Básicos de Aprendizaje (DBA). El objetivo se centró en comprender y analizar dichas tensiones y continuidades entre los DBA y la enseñanza de la oralidad fundamentada desde el diálogo, la interacción y la escucha (dialogicidad). Esto desde un enfoque cualitativo, a partir de la sistematización de la práctica desde la planeación y aplicación de actividades dentro de una Secuencia Didáctica (SD). El posicionamiento pedagógico de la enseñanza de la oralidad emerge desde los espacios comunicativos intencionados que privilegian la dialogicidad a diferencia de los objetivos curriculares (DBA) que promueven una oralidad centrada en la memoria, limitando la reflexión y el potencial cognitivo y crítico que conlleva la interacción.
Editorial volumen 6 Oralidad-es. Oralidad y Educación estelar
Authors: Ojeda-Pérez Robert
Published: July 2021

La oralidad se remonta al mundo antiguo, desde el tránsito de los cazadores recolectores nómadas hasta los sedentarios que empezaron a construir ciudades.
ACELERAÇÃO DO FLORESCIMENTO EM GENÓTIPOS AUTOFECUNDADOS E FLORESCIMENTO ULTRA-PRECOCE DE MUDAS JOVENS DE Eucalyptus POR TOP GRAFTINGS
Authors:   South Carolina Forestry Commission, Niederhof, Forestry Center, Tilman, SC - United States, Castro Carla Aparecida de Oliveira , Souza Genaina Aparecida de ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Doutora em Fisiologia Vegetal, Viçosa , MG - Brasil, Santos Gleison Augusto dos ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Viçosa , MG - Brasil, Resende Marcos Deon Vilela de ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Viçosa, MG - Brasil, Takahashi Elizabete Keiko ,   Cenibra, Perpétuo Socorro, MG - Brasil, Leite Fernando Palha ,   Cenibra, Perpétuo Socorro, MG - Brasil
Published: July 2021

Processos inovadores de aceleração do fl orescimento de espécies de Eucalyptus por top graftings (enxertias de topo), incluem a possibilidade de redução do tempo dos ciclos no melhoramento fl orestal. Esta permite a produção de linhagens fl orestais e torna o uso da Seleção Genômica Ampla operacional. O objetivo foi estabelecer metodologias para a realização de top graftings em genótipos autofecundados e de mudas juvenis, de Eucalyptus, visando a indução precoce de fl orescimento. As avaliações dos top graftings foram realizadas a cada 3 meses após as enxertias, quanto à sobrevivência, em variáveis de crescimento e fl orescimento. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando-se o REML/BLUP e o o teste Scott-Knott. Desta forma, foram determinados os efeitos dos tratamentos sobre as variáveis avaliadas. Constatamos que a predisposição dos top graftings à enxertia varia de acordo com o material genético utilizado. A quantidade de botões fl orais e frutos produzidos pelos top graftings foi satisfatória para atestar sobre a efi ciência da metodologia. As últimas avaliações realizadas demonstraram a capacidade de top graftings produzirem mais de 4 mil botões fl orais em um único enxerto. O fl orescimento permitiu que os polens fossem coletados, para serem utilizados em cruzamentos ou avanço de autofecundação nessas plantas S1 pela CENIBRA. Levando em consideração o desempenho dos enxertos para fl orescimento, a melhor época para realização de top grafi tings varia de acordo com a sua fi nalidade, sendo que para a enxertia de genótipos autofecundados, o ideal é a época de 3 meses antes do fl orescimento. Já para a enxertia de mudas jovens, os top graftings de 6 meses antes apresentam melhores resultados para fl orescimento e crescimento de área de copa. Considerando as duas épocas de enxertia, a aplicação de paclobutrazol favorece o fl orescimento ainda mais precoce dos top graftings. Concluímos por fi m, que a técnica é viável para Eucalyptus e pode ser replicada para as espécies do gênero, seguindo os procedimentos recomendados.
Peningkatan Kualitas Pertumbuhan Larva Patin (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) yang disuplementasi Vitamin D pada Artemia
Authors: Ningsih  , Nainggolan Armen
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis suplementasi vitamin D pada naupli artemia untuk peningkatan kualitas larva ikan patin dan untuk megetahui pengaruh penambahan vitamin D pada naupli artemia terhadap larva ikan patin. Data hasil pengamatan (Parameter SR, pertumbuhan larva (panjang dan bobot), dan abnormalitas) dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dalam satu faktor dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah penambahan vitamin D dengan dosis 0 ppm, 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, 80 ppm, dan 100 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dosis vitamin D yang paling efisien yang disuplementasikan pada naupli artemia sebagai pakan larva ikan patin untuk peningkatan kualitas larva ikan patin adalah 80 ppm. Pengaruh penambahan dosis vitamin D pada naupli artemia terhadap larva ikan patin dapat diperoleh bahwa dosis 80 ppm nilai SR = 94,6%, Wt = 9,5 mg, Lm = 0,9 cm, dan abnormalitas 1 ekor merupakan dosis yang paling efektif.
L-type amino acid transporter 1 inhibitor suppresses murine Th2 cell-mediated bronchial hyperresponsiveness independently of eosinophil accumulation
Authors: Ito Daiki , Miura Kento , Saeki Mayumi , Yamasaki Norimasa , Ogata Sawako , Koyama Teidai , Hiroi Takachika , Mori Akio , Endou Hitoshi , Hayashi Keitaro , Kaminuma Osamu
Published: July 2021

Background

The activation of Th2 cells that play a pivotal role in the development of allergic eosinophilic inflammation is regulated by an L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) 1. However, the contribution of LAT1 to the pathogenesis of Th2 cell-mediated airway inflammation has not been investigated.

Objective

In this study, we investigated the effect of a LAT1 inhibitor, JPH203, on Th2 cell-mediated airway eosinophilic inflammation.

Methods

BALB/c mice were transferred with ovalbumin (OVA)-specific Th2 cell and challenged by corresponding allergen with or without administration of JPH203. Then, the infiltration of inflammatory cells including eosinophils and allergen-specific Th2 cells in the lungs and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) was assessed.

Results

Inflammatory responses in the lungs with massive accumulation of eosinophils and BHR were induced in Th2 cell-transferred mice upon challenge with OVA. The treatment with JPH203 significantly suppressed the allergen-induced BHR but not eosinophil infiltration. The infused Th2 cells were also accumulated in the lungs upon allergen challenge, though the response was not affected by JPH203 treatment.

Conclusion

JPH203 suppressed Th2 cell-mediated BHR through the mechanisms independently of the lung accumulation of eosinophils and Th2 cells.