bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of pay-for-performance (P4P) programs in primary care of selected countries: a comparative study
Authors: Yousefi Mehdi , Jamili Sara , Ebrahimi Hossein , Houshmand Elahe , Taghipour Ali , Tabatabaee Seyed Saeed , Adel Amin
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Pay for performance (P4P) schemes provide financial
incentives or facilities to health workers based on the achievement of
predetermined performance goals. Various P4P programs have been
implemented around the world. There is a question of which model is
suitable for p4p implementation to achieve better results. The purpose
of this study is to compare pay for performance models in different
countries. METHODS: This is a descriptive-comparative study
comparing the P4P model in selected countries in 2022. Data for each
country are collected from reliable databases and are tabulated to
compare their payment models. the standard framework of the P4P model is
used for data analysis. RESULTS: we used the standard P4P model
framework to compare pay for performance programs in the primary care
sector of selected countries because this framework can demonstrate all
the necessary features of payment programs, including performance
domains and measures, basis for reward or penalty, nature of the reward
or penalty, and data reporting. The results of this study show that
although the principles of P4P are almost similar in the selected
countries, the biggest difference is in the definition of performance
domains and measures. CONCLUSIONS: Designing an effective P4P
program is very complex, and its success depends on a variety of
factors, from the socioeconomic and cultural context and the healthcare
goals of governments to the personal characteristics of the healthcare
provider. considering these factors and the general framework of the
features of P4P programs are critical to the success of the p4p design
and implementation.
WELL-POSEDNESS AND BLOW UP OF SOLUTIONS FOR LAPLACIAN WITH NONOLOCAL MEMORY UNDER ROBIN BOUNDARY CONDITION
Authors: ÖZTÜRK EYLEM
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we study the homogeneous Robin boundary value problem for
the Laplacian equation with the nonlocal memory term { u t − △ u = ∫ 0
t g ( t − s ) △ u ( x , s ) ds + a ( x , t ) | u | σ −
2 u + h ( x , t ) , ( x , t ) ∈ Q T = Ω × ( 0 , T ) ∂u ∂η + k ( x , t )
u = 0 , ( x , t ) ∈ ∂ Ω × [ 0 , T ] u ( x , 0 )= u 0 ( x ) in Ω
where Ω ⊂ R n ( n ≥ 2 ) is a bounded open domain with sufficiently
smooth boundary ∂Ω, T>0, σ is real
constant such that σ>1, ∆ is the n
dimensional Laplace operator; a( x,t), k(
x,t), h( x,t) are given functions, g(
s) is a given memory kernel. We show that under appropriate
conditions on a, k, σ, g the problem has a
global and local in time solution. We established conditions of
uniqueness. Lastly, by using the energy method, we obtain sufficient
conditions that the solutions of this problem with non-positive initial
energy blow up in finite time.
Downregulation and delayed induction of photosynthesis by coordinated transcriptomic changes in response to sink-source imbalance
Authors: Sugiura Daisuke , Ozawa Yui , Tanaka Aiko , Suzuki Takamasa
Published: February 2023

Sink-source imbalance causes accumulation of non-structural
carbohydrates (NSCs) and photosynthetic downregulation. Despite numerous
studies, however, it remains unclear whether NSCs accumulation or N
deficiency more directly decreases steady-state maximum photosynthesis
and photosynthetic induction, as well as underlying gene expression
profiles. We evaluated the relationship between photosynthetic capacity
and NSCs accumulation induced by cold-girdling, sucrose feeding, and low
nitrogen treatment in Glycinemax and Phaseolus
vulgaris. In G. max, changes in transcriptome profiles
were further investigated focusing on physiological processes of
photosynthesis and NSCs accumulation. NSCs accumulation decreased
maximum photosynthetic capacity and delayed photosynthetic induction in
both species. In G. max, such photosynthetic
downregulation was explained by coordinated downregulation of
photosynthetic genes involved in Calvin cycle, Rubisco activase,
photochemical reactions, and stomatal opening. Furthermore, sink-source
imbalance may have triggered a change in the balance of sugar-phosphate
translocators in chloroplast membranes, which may have promoted starch
accumulation in chloroplasts. Our findings provided an overall picture
of the photosynthetic downregulation and NSCs accumulation in G.
max, demonstrating that the photosynthetic downregulation is
triggered by NSCs accumulation and cannot be explained simply by N
deficiency.
Detection of vehicle line pressing on straight lane based on Cascade Hough transform principle and improved YOLOV5 model
Authors: zhu chen , Ge Dong-Yuan , Yao Xifan , Xiang Wen-Jiang , Li Jian , Li Yong-Xiang
Published: February 2023

In this study, a detection method based on the Cascaded Hough Transform
(or CHT for short) and an improved YOLOV5 model is proposed for the
detection of vehicle pressing lines in straight lanes. This method
combines traditional image processing with depth learning by integrating
background modeling, cascade Hough transform principle and YOLOV5 depth
learning framework. The specific process of this method is as follows.
First, MOG2 background modeling is used to obtain the road background
image, then the CHT principle is used to extract the lane lines in the
road background image, and finally the improved YOLOV5 model is used to
recognize the position of vehicles and judge whether the vehicles are
pressing the line. The experimental results show that this method has
good recognition speed and accuracy, can meet the basic requirements of
road monitoring vehicle line detection, and also provides some reference
experience for the research of vehicle line detection.
The bridging bronchus and pulmonary artery sling
Authors: Ufuk Furkan , Peker Hakki , Yılmaz Munevver , Gurses Dolunay
Published: February 2023

A 5-month-old male baby was brought to the emergency room with a one-day
history of respiratory distress, wheezing, vomiting, and high fever.
Wheezing had been present since birth but had recently become more
frequent and intense, occurring even at rest. The baby was born
full-term by cesarean delivery and had a medical history of gallbladder
agenesis, secundum atrial septal defect (ASD), and cryptorchidism.
Blind Spectrum Sensing based on Similar Median Value
Authors: Bai XiaoJuan , Li XingXing , Xu Jing
Published: February 2023

Spectrum sensing based on the covariance matrix algorithm does not need
the prior information of the authorized user and is easy to implement.
However, at low SNR, the difference between the covariance matrix
elements becomes smaller, and the detection performance needs to be
improved. To this end, using the similar median value to describe the
accuracy of a group of data, an improved spectrum sensing algorithm
based on the ratio of the maximum of the covariance matrix to the
average of the similar median value is proposed. The proposed algorithm
does not need the prior information and noise power of the authorized
user signal, and the analytical representation of the decision threshold
is derived. The simulation results under Gaussian channel shows that
When SNR=-8dB, the detection probability is about 20% higher than MEAM
algorithm.
Analytical Prediction Method of Power System Frequency Deviation under Uncertain Disturbances
Authors: Zhu Lixuan , Ju Ping , Yu Yiping
Published: February 2023

In modern power systems, the impact of random power sources and loads on
power systems is increasing, resulting in threatened system frequency
security. However, traditional methods are often not comprehensive in
modelling randomness, and there is no analytical method to assess the
frequency response of power systems under uncertain power disturbances.
In this paper, the power disturbance in a power system is regarded as an
interval random quantity. Based on a general model of the system
frequency response (SFR-G) and the theory of stochastic processes, an
analytical prediction method of the power system frequency deviation
under uncertain power disturbance is proposed. Through further
deduction, the allowable range of power disturbance under the premise of
secure frequency deviation can also be defined, which provides a
reference for frequency security and accident prevention in power
systems. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed analytical
method can delimit the response interval of system frequency deviation
well, and the backstepping calculation can also delimit the allowable
range of power disturbance to ensure the secure operation of the system.
The seductive temptation of ignorance: how micro-inflammation can cause serious diseases such as diabetes, obesity, heart problems or cancer - and yet be ignored because they are difficult to detect in the laboratory
Authors: Diamandis Dr. Carolina , Shirazi Ali , Honda Riku , Rocha Fabio , Tudor Adrian , Ivanova Olga
Published: February 2023

The seductive temptation of ignorance: how micro-inflammation can cause
serious diseases such as diabetes, obesity, heart problems or cancer-and
yet be ignored because they are difficult to detect in the laboratory.
Abstract Micro-inflammations are a phenomenon that has been attracting
increasing attention from the scientific community in recent years.
These small, persistent inflammatory responses that occur at a cellular
level are thought to play a crucial role in the development and
progression of many chronic diseases. Despite their importance,
micro-inflammations are often ignored or overlooked in the clinical
setting, and this can have serious consequences for patient health. In
this paper, we will explore the mechanisms by which micro-inflammations
occur, their impact on various health outcomes, and why it is
dangerously wrong to ignore them. We will also discuss current
approaches to managing micro-inflammations and the need for more
comprehensive and targeted interventions to address this growing health
concern.
Quantifying photodegradation of peatland-derived dissolved organic carbon in the coastal ocean of Southeast Asia
Authors: Zhou Yongli , Müller Moritz , Cherukuru Nagur RC , Martin Patrick
Published: February 2023

The terrigenous dissolved organic carbon (tDOC) exported from the
peatlands in Southeast Asia appears to be extensively remineralized in
the shelf sea, but the processes that drive this remineralization remain
unclear. Here, we combined incubation experiments and model simulations
to quantify the rate and extent of photodegradation of tDOC in the Sunda
Shelf Sea. Laboratory photodegradation experiments indicate that up to
74% of the peatland tDOC is potentially labile to photochemical
remineralization. Based on our estimated apparent quantum yield for tDOC
remineralization, modeled in-situ solar irradiance, and measured
inherent optical properties of the water column, we simulated peatland
tDOC photoremineralization for two coastal regions of the Sunda Shelf
Sea. These simulation results show that natural solar radiation can
directly remineralize 20±11% of tDOC over 2 years, which corresponds to
the approximate residence time of water in the Sunda Shelf Sea, and that
significant photobleaching of tDOC can occur in coastal waters over
shorter time-scales. We further derived a simplified photochemical decay
constant of 0.008–0.017day-1 for Southeast Asia’s peatland-derived
tDOC, which can be used to parameterize the recently proposed UniDOM
model framework. We conclude that direct photodegradation may be a
greater sink for tDOC in Southeast Asia’s coastal ocean compared to
higher latitudes, although it is insufficient to account for the total
tDOC remineralization observed in the Sunda Shelf Sea.
The Feasibility of Remote Measurement of Infant Sleep and Motor Development
Authors: DeMasi Aaron , Waugh Mali , Wang Wei , Berger Sarah
Published: February 2023

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic shut-down of in-person research
laboratories, remote data collection became mainstream in developmental
psychology research. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility
of two remote data collection methods for studying sleep and motor
development in infancy and the relationship between the two. We asked
1,371 parents of infants aged 4 to 17 months who used the Nanit baby
monitor to take the on-line Survey of Well-being of Young Children
(SWYC) about their infants’ motor experience. Nanit uses
auto-videosomnography and computer vision algorithms to calculate and
report summary statistics of infants’ sleep. Nanit replicated all
expected developmental trends in sleep, while the SWYC only replicated
some, appearing to underestimate infants at the transition between motor
milestones. However, we replicated some well-established findings
regarding the relationship between sleep and motor development using
both measures, suggesting that both Nanit and the SWYC can feasibly be
used for remote data collection, especially if some modifications were
made to how researchers explained using the SWYC to caregivers.
Researchers should consider alternatives to traditional research methods
not only when in-person participation is difficult or impossible, but
also when large samples are needed and/or simple measurement tools are
sufficient.
Territorial scent-marking and proestrus in a recolonizing wild Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) population in central Wisconsin
Authors: Thiel Richard , DeWitt Philip
Published: February 2023

Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) uses scent-marking to communicate breeding status, dominance, and territorial boundaries. Despite its importance for reproduction and pack dynamics, information on scent-marking and proestrus in wild wolf populations is limited to a handful of locations. We estimated the rate of territorial scent-marking and the probability of proestrus in a recolonizing Gray Wolf population near the species southern range extent in eastern North America. An analysis of 221 pack-winters of tracking data show that the incremental addition of one wolf pack increased marking rates by 3.4%, whereas increasing the number of wolves in a pack decreased marking rates by 12.1%. Scent-marking rates subsequently increased from 1.9 times/km during recolonization to 3.0 times/km once the population was saturated. We observed evidence of proestrus from 19 December to 14 March with the highest probability of proestrus occurring around 6 February, after peak marking rates around 26 January. Repeated observations of bloody urinations within individual packs suggest proestrus averages 27.9 days. Our study reveals the role of population growth on territorial behaviours and provides a foundation for studies exploring the role of geographic and temporal variation on territorial and reproductive behaviours in wolves.
A tribute to George William Argus, 1929–2022
Authors: Brodo Irwin , Haber Erich
Published: February 2023

[Not necessary for a Tribute.]
Tourism recommendation based on word embedding from card transaction data
Authors: Hong Minsung , Chung Namho , Koo Chulmo
Published: February 2023

In the tourism industry, millions of card transactions generate a massive volume of big data. The card transactions eventually reflect customers? consumption behaviors and patterns. Additionally, recommender systems that incorporate users? personal preferences and consumption is an important subject of smart tourism. However, challenges exist such as handling the absence of rating data and considering spatial factor that significantly affects recommendation performance. This paper applies well-known Doc2Vec techniques to the tourism recommendation. We use them on non-textual features, card transaction dataset, to recommend tourism business services to target user groups who visit a specific location while addressing the challenges above. For the experiments, a card transaction dataset among eight years from Shinhan, which is one of the major card companies in the Republic of Korea, is used. The results demonstrate that the use of vector space representations trained by the Doc2Vec techniques considering spatial information is promising for tourism recommendations.
A coupled-lines system to determine the anteroposterior position of maxillary central incisors for smiling profile esthetics
Authors: Li Bin , Xiang Xiang , Huang Gao , Wang Peiqi , Xue Chaoran , Han Xianglong , Bai Ding , Xu Hui
Published: February 2023

Objectives

To develop a coupled-lines system to determine the anteroposterior position of maxillary central incisors (U1) for smiling profile esthetics.

Materials and Methods

Thirty Asian females with ordinary and good facial harmony were selected as the study sample and the control sample, respectively. Three-dimensional facial images and 45°- and 90°-angled profiles were collected. The anteroposterior relationships between U1 and upper- and mid-facial soft tissue landmarks were measured. By morphing photos of the study sample, two artificial images were created to represent the well-balanced 45°- and 90°-angled profiles and were further processed with combined variations of soft tissue subnasale (SSn)–Glabella and the mid-point of facial axial points of the bilateral central incisor (mFA)–SSn distances. Esthetic assessments were performed on these images by layperson (n = 94) and orthodontist (n = 94) raters.

Results

Both upper- and mid-facial soft tissue landmarks were indispensable in assessing anteroposterior positions of U1 for well-balanced smiling profiles. As assessed in 45°- and 90°-angled profiles, the most esthetically sensitive parameters were mFA-Glabella and mFA-SSn distances. A coupled-lines system was constructed, comprising the Glabella and SSn vertical lines. In smiling profiles with optimal esthetics, the mFA point was at 2 to 5 mm posterior to the Glabella vertical and concomitantly 4 to 7 mm posterior to the SSn vertical, as perceived by orthodontists. Laypersons gave a wider range for mFA-Glabella distances, at 2 to 6 mm.

Conclusions

The coupled-lines system could serve as a reliable reference for determining esthetically optimal anteroposterior positions of U1 for female facial profiles.
Physical activity and insulin sensitivity independently attenuate the effect of FTO rs9939609 on obesity
Authors: K. Andersen Mette , Ängquist Lars , Bork-Jensen Jette , Jonsson Anna E. , Stinson Sara E. , H. Sandholt Camilla , Thodberg Malte , Pikkupeura Laura Maarit , Ongstad Emily L. , Grarup Niels , Astrup Arne , Pedersen Oluf , Williams Kristine , Barrès Romain , I A. Sørensen Thorkild , Linneberg Allan , Grimsby Joseph , J. Rhodes Christopher , Hansen Torben
Published: February 2023

  

Objective

The association between FTO rs9939609 and obesity is modified by physical activity (PA) and/or insulin sensitivity (IS). We aimed to assess whether these modifications are independent, if PA and/or IS modify the association between rs9939609 and cardiometabolic traits, and to elucidate underlying mechanisms.

Research Design and Methods

Genetic association analyses comprised up to 19,585 individuals. PA was self-reported and IS was defined based on inverted HOMA-IR. Functional analyses were performed in muscle biopsies from 140 men, and in cultured muscle cells.

Results

The BMI-increasing effect of the FTO rs9939609 A-allele was attenuated by 47% with high PA (β (standard error (SE)), -0.32 (0.10) kg/m2, p=0.0013), and by 51% with high IS (-0.31 (0.09) kg/m2, p=0.00028). Interestingly, these interactions were essentially independent (PA, -0.20 (0.09) kg/m2, p=0.023; IS, -0.28 (0.09) kg/m2, p=0.0011). The rs9939609 A-allele was also associated with higher all-cause mortality and certain cardiometabolic outcomes (hazard ratio, 1.07-1.20, p>0.04), and these effects tended to be weakened by greater PA and IS. Moreover, the rs9939609 A-allele was associated with higher expression of FTO in skeletal muscle tissue (0.03 (0.01), p=0.011), and in skeletal muscle cells, we identified a physical interaction between the FTO promoter and an enhancer region encompassing rs9939609. 

Conclusions 

Greater PA and IS independently reduced the effect of rs9939609 on obesity. These effects might be mediated through altered expression of FTO in skeletal muscle. Our results indicated that PA and/or other means of increasing insulin sensitivity could counteract FTO–related genetic predisposition to obesity.
Nuclear-nucleolar relationships and nucleolar stress in hepatocytes in hyperhomocysteinemia
Authors: Chuchkova N. N , Pazinenko K. A , Smetanina M. V , Kormilina N. V
Published: February 2023

Hyperhomocysteinemia causes stress of the endoplasmic reticulum, which suggests the formation of nucleolar stress. The purpose of this work is to clarify the relationship between structural changes in the nucleus and the region of the nucleolar organizer in hyperhomocysteinemia to prove nucleolar stress in hyperhomo-cysteinemia, which can serve as an additional diagnostic marker of the disease. The object of the study was white mongrel rats with methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinemia. Histologic sections of the liver were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (to assess the histological structure of the organ, hepatocyte nuclei), ammonia silver (to analyze the areas of the nucleolar organizer - AgNORs). Morphometry has allowed to establish that hyperhomocysteinemia decreases the number of nuclei (1,86 times, p
The effect of antihistamines drugs on the functional activity of neutrophils
Authors: Plekhova N. G , Dubnyak I. N , Eliseeva E. V
Published: February 2023

Allergic inflammation is accompanied by stimulation of neutrophils with an increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species. The antioxidant effectiveness of some antihistamines is known, which reduces the risk of damage to surrounding tissues with the participation of these cells. Objective of the study: to determine the degree of various generations antihistamines influence on the death and enzymatic activity of neutrophils. The effect of the first antihistamines (diphenhydramine, clemastine) and second (lorata-dine, desloratadine) generations and the hormonal drug dexameth-asone on cell viability, the formation of active oxygen metabolites, enzyme activity, the amount of cationic proteins, and cytokine production by neutrophils was studied using the in vitro model. It was found that after exposure to loratadine at a dose of 2.5 |jg / ml, the number of viable cells was comparable (p = 0.001) with that in an intact culture. Found a stimulating effect of second generation antihistamines (loratadine, desloratadine) in low doses on the activity of NADPH-dependent oxide reductase. The form of neutrophil death depended on the type and dose of the drug; apoptosis was predominantly observed after cell contact with loratadine and desloratadine. Against the background of an increase in the activity of ATPase and myeloperoxidase after contact with diphenhydramine and clemastine (2.5 jg / ml), the largest number of neutrophils producing reactive oxygen species was revealed. Under the influence of desloratodine and clemastine, exocytosis of cationic proteins into the extracellular space and the lowest production of cytokines after contact with the latter were established. Thus, exposure to Hl-antihistamines, active both extra- and intracellular (diphenhydramine, loratadine), probably disrupted the metabolism of neutrophils, which led to an increase in their killer potential. Clemastine, acting mainly extracellularly, minimized the toxic effects of extracellular radicals, without affecting the production of intracellular oxidants involved in the regulation of neutrophil functions.
Genomic instability of lymphocytes in patients with lung cancer with combined ischemic heart disease
Authors: Asanov M. A , Sinitsky M. Y , Ponasenko A. V , Minina V. I
Published: February 2023

Carcinogenesis is associated with a stepwise accumulation of genetic changes induced by the action of various genotoxic environmental factors (heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, radioactive substances, and others). Comorbid pathology can make a significant contribution to the accumulation of genome damage, influence the effectiveness of treatment, and determine the overall prognosis of survival. 50 men with lung cancer were examined. The control group included 84 men without oncopath-ology of close age, living in the same area. A micronucleus assay was performed on blood lymphocytes. The analysis of binuclear lymphocytes with micronuclei, protrusions, nucleoplasmic bridges revealed a statistically significant difference between the patient groups and the control. An increase in the frequency of occurrence of these markers of cytogenetic disorders in patients with lung cancer was noted. A higher replication index was recorded in the control group. In patients with lung cancer and concomitant ischemic heart disease, differences in the frequency of mononuclear lymphocytes with micronuclei and the frequency of apoptosis were recorded as compared with patients without cardiovascular diseases.
Investigation of HLA-DRB1 and IL28 gene polymorphism in patients with varying severity of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Kolyubaeva S. N , Kondratenko A. A , Alkhazhe K. , Kryukov E. V , Чирский В. С , Kachnov V. A , Glushakov R. I , Sveklina T. S , Myakoshina L. A , Tyuryupov M. S , Neronova E. G , Eliseeva M. I
Published: February 2023

The work analyzed the polymorphisms of the HLA-DRB1 and IL28 genes in 100 patients who underwent COVID-19 with the development of infection with varying degrees of severity. To a mild degree of severity were patients without complications in the form of infectious pneumonate, to moderate and severe degrees - with the development of pneumonate with varying degrees of lung damage. In general, the distribution of alleles in patients with COVID-19 did not differ from the distribution of average values in Russia. However, the HLA-DRB1 *01 и *07 alleles were more common. Comparison of the frequency of HLA-DRB1 alleles in patients with COVID-19 with varying severity revealed more common alleles of *13 and *07 in the severety severe group. However, with OR of 3.2 and 1.8, their confidence intervals (CL) were in the range of 0.9-9.8 and 0.7-4.5 respectively. At severe severity, the presence of homozigotic variants of allele *07 is noted. (Fisher exact test, r.0.04). As for the IL28B gene, no statistically significant differences from the control group were found.
Legal problems in the protection of human rights in the russian federation in the use of molecular genetic technologies in medicine
Authors: Khusainova R. I , Minniakhmetov I. R , Yalaev B. I , Akhtyamova E. V , Alsynbaeva E. M
Published: February 2023

The article analyses possible human rights violations that occur in the application of molecular genetic technologies in medical practice. A brief description of the problem of the regulation of human rights in the implementation of genomic research at the international level, the provisions of which affect the protection of individual rights. Particular attention is paid to the current legislation of the Russian Federation, which concerns the protection of individual rights in the collection, storage and processing of genomic information during genetic testing, counseling, treatment of patients and other genomic studies in medicine. General recommendations are given for improving legislation in the field of human rights protection when using modern molecular genetic technologies in medicine. In order to overcome the problems associated with the protection of human rights in the use of modern molecular genetic technologies in medicine, an effective system of legal guarantees should be developed, taking into account international principles aimed at ensuring respect for human dignity, protecting the rights and interests of the individual.
Mitochondrial genome and aging of cardiomyocytes
Authors: Kolyubaeva S. N , Sveklina T. S , Shustov S. B , Chirsky V. S , Ovchinnikov D. V , Eliseeva M. I
Published: February 2023

The review presents data on the importance of mitochondrial DNA in aging of cardiomocytes. The mechanisms of accumulation of mutations in mtDNA and reduction of its content, as well as the consequences of these phenomena in cardiomyocytes are described. The similarity of the aging processes of cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle cells and comparison with the aging processes occurring in mononuclear cells of peripheral blood is indicated. The death of cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle cells leads to the destruction of mutant forms of mtDNA, as a result of which the content of mutant forms of mtDNA, constantly increasing with age, does not exceed 1-2% of the total number of mtDNA molecules. In addition, the death of cardiomyocytes and myocytes is accompanied by the release of CpG-motive cells mtDNA, which can cause local and general inflammation in old age. It is concluded, that in the treatment of elderly patients it is desirable to take into account the degree of aging ("biological age”) of their myocardial and their presence of chronic myocarditis, for which appropriate diagnostic methods should be developed.
Norepinephrine regulates osteogenesis in the embryonic period of development
Authors: Pasatetckaia N. A , Lopatin A. I , Klimshin S. I , Lopatina E. V
Published: February 2023

Sympathetic and sensory nerve fibers regulate osteosynthesis and osteoresorption processes throughout life. Fundamental research and clinical data confirm the existence of functional interactions between neurons and bone tissue cells and indicate the catabolic and anabolic effect of sympathetic nervous system mediators on bone tissue. There is practically no information about the regulation of osteoremodeling in embryogenesis. Objective: to study the effect of norepinephrine on the growth of bone tissue explants in the embryonic period of development. The studies were performed on the bone tissue explants of 12-day old chicken embryos. Norepinephrine (10-10 M - 10-4 M), propranolol (10-10 M), atenolol (10-4 M), urapidil (10-6 M) were added to the experimental Petri dishes. Norepinephrine (10-6 M) stimulates the growth of the bone tissue explants through α1-adrenoreceptors. The osteotoxic effect of high doses of the drug is realized through β2-adrenoreceptors. Embryonic osteogenesis is regulated by norepinephrine in dose-dependent manner. Physiological effect of the substance depends on the interaction with certain types of adrenoreceptors.
Reparative regeneration of histogenetically different bones
Authors: Podluzhnyi P. S , Presnyakov E. V , Jemkov N. I , Sorochanu I. , Deev R. V
Published: February 2023

The bone plates that forming the turtle shell differ in histogenesis. Thus, the costal and neural plates of the carapace (dorsal shield) have mesenchymal origin and develop by indirect perichondral osteogenesis from vertebrae and ribs. The bone plates of the plastron - abdominal shield, are known to be formed from neuroectodermal cells of the neural crest and develop by intramembrane osteogenesis in the dermis of the skin. The aim of the study was to compare the reparative regeneration of histogenetically different bone tissue of the carapace and plastron of freshwater red-eared turtles Trachemys scripta. The experiment was performed on freshwater red-eared turtles Trachemys scripta aged 3 months. 2 defects of carapace and plastron bone plates with a diameter of 5 mm and a depth of up to "soft tissues” were formed with further histological examination. It was found that the regeneration of the bone plates of the plastron is characterized by the formation of bone tissue in a larger volume and at an earlier date. After 30 days a layer of continuous newly formed bone tissue is formed. By 90 days the proportion of bone tissue in the carapace regenerate was 40,5% of the defect area, while in the plastron the regenerate occupied 47,4%. Thus, intramembranous formed bone tissue of neuroectodermal histogenesis has a more pronounced regenerative potential compared to perichondral formed bone of mesenchymal origin.
Safety and efficiency of inhalation method for administration of small extracellular vesicles derived from multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of human umbilical cord in SARS- CoV-2 associated pneumonia
Authors: Tiumina O. V , Davydkin I. L , Volchkov S. E , Ovchinnikov P. A , Bugakov A. I , Sharonova D. U , Konstantinov D. U , Zolotovskaya I. A
Published: February 2023

The coronavirus infection (COVID-19), an acute viral disease with predominant affection of the upper respiratory tract, is a challenge for modern medicine. Considering the fact that in the pathogenesis of coronavirus pneumonia there is violation of the immune response (hyper-response, cytokine storm) the drugs that locally regulate it may be promising in the pneumonia treatment. Biological activity of exosomes is widely investigated in the world. Small extracellular vesicles of mesenchymal cells have the following effects: anti-apoptotic, proliferation stimulation, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory. Objective: to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the method of inhalation administration of small extracellular vesicles in bilateral pneumonia caused by a new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection. To study these effects an interventional, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study has been conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of inhaled small extracellular vesicles administration to the patients with bilateral pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2. Altogether 36 patients with confirmed new coronavirus infection COVID-19, complicated by bilateral pneumonia of moderate severity (12 patients each in study groups 1 and 2, depending on the type of given small extracellular vesicles, and the control group) participated in the study. Small extracellular vesicles were inhaled twice a day in the dose of 2-10х1010 particles. The efficacy and safety of the method were assessed judging by the patients' general state, assessment of the disease severity, general and biochemical blood tests, coagulogram, saturation, CT scan of the lungs before and after 1 0 days of treatment. The observation period was 30 days after hospitalization. During the study the safety of the method was proved, all the patients recovered. Reliable differences of the blood CRP index, which normalized by day 10 of treatment in groups 1 and 2, but remained elevated in the control group. No significant differences were found in other assessed parameters.
Expression profile of the microenvironment of morphological structures in luminal breast cancer
Authors: Tashireva L. A , Gerashchenko T. S , Zolotareva S. Yu , Perelmuter V. M
Published: February 2023

In breast cancer, the predictive value of tumor microenvironment parameters differs depending on the molecular subtype. Multidirectional significance may be reflection of heterogeneity of invasive breast carcinoma and requires further study. Significance of the tumor microenvironment in the formation and determination of the properties of various morphological structures is still not fully understood. The aim of the study is to determine the differences in the expression profile of the microenvironment of various morphological structures of breast cancer. 84 patients with breast cancer (T1-3N0-3M0) were included in the study of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes level in microenvironment of different morphological structures. Microdissected samples of the microenvironment of different morphological structures sequenced using NextSeq500 (Illumina). CIBERSORT analysis was performed to deciphered the cellular composition of the microenvironment of each type of the structures. The microenvironment of all morphological structures was quite diverse in terms of cellular composition. The microenvironment of the single tumor cells exhibits pronounced pro-tumor properties, including expression of the IL1B gene, activation of inflammatory signaling pathways, increased signature of M2 macrophages. The results shown the role of the microenvironment of single tumor cells in breast cancer distant metastasis.
Molecular and genetic features of calpainopathy
Authors: Mkrtchyan L. A. , Slesarenko Y. S. , Yakovlev I. A. , Bardakov S. N. , Deev R. V.
Published: February 2023

Calpainopathy is the most common form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, prevalence in the population is approximately 1 in 15,00042,700 individuals. In the Russian Federation, there is an insufficient number of studies, which researched prevalence of calpainopathy among patients with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, but according to available data, approximately in 43% of cases the disease is associated with mutations of the CAPN3 gene. Molecular genetic analysis is the main method for diagnosing these patients. Studies indicate many pathogenic mutations that cause calpainopathy with corresponding phenotypes, however, it is quite difficult to establish clear correlations between genotype and phenotype due to the high variability of symptoms and severity, even among patients with the same CAPN3 gene mutations. Currently, there is no effective etiotropic treatment for limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, but new technologies are developing to improve patients condition and quality of life. This research collects data from various studies on the prevalence of calpainopathy in different countries and the main molecular genetic features of the CAPN3 gene and calpain-3 protein, which will further allow the development of possible treatment options for patients with limbgirdle muscular dystrophy.
IL-10 cytokine family secretion is associated with the activity of mitophagy components in visceral adipose tissue in obese with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shunkina D. A. , Dakhnevich A. Ya. , Komar A. A. , Vulf M. A. , Shunkin E. O. , Gazatova N. D. , Kirienkova E. V. , Todosenko N. M. , Malakhova Zh. L. , Litvinova L. S.
Published: February 2023

Autophagy is required to maintain cellular homeostasis and organ function by selectively ridding cells of potentially toxic proteins, lipids, and organelles. Impaired homeostasis of autophagic processes is associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In obesity, a violation of autophagy in adipose tissue and its inflammation contributes to the formation of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of autophagy genes in the adipose tissue of the greater omentum and to search for their relationship with the levels of cytokines of the IL-10 family in blood plasma in obese patients, depending on the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Blood plasma and visceral adipose tissue samples were studied from 347 obese patients with and without type 2 diabetes. A biochemical analysis of the patients' blood was carried out. The level of cytokines was detected by flow fluorometry. Gene expression was determined by real-time PCR, and tissue-specific protein production was determined by immunoblotting. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using GraphPad Prism 9.0.0 software.

Plasma levels of IL-10, IL-20, IL-22, IL-28A, and IL-29 are increased in obese patients without type 2 diabetes compared with patients with type 2 diabetes. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the expression of the SQSTM1_p62 and MAP1LC3B genes in the greater omentum increased compared to patients without it.

High plasma levels of IL-22 and IL-26 are associated with the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In patients without type 2 diabetes mellitus, an increase in the level of IL-28A in blood plasma is associated with a decrease in the expression of autophagy genes SQSTM1_p62 and MAP1LC3B in the adipose tissue of the greater omentum.
Intra- and inter-specific cortisol coregulation
Authors:   , Solman Charlotte L.
Published: February 2023

Coregulation is the bidirectional modulation of social partners’ physiology, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, and it is key for forming and maintaining attachment bonds between individuals. By investigating coregulation of acute and chronic cortisol in dog-human, dog-dog, and human-human dyads, this thesis aims to further our understanding of social and temporal drivers of coregulation and their potential links to attachment. Chapter 1 outlines how coregulation regulates attachment bonds and reviews existing cortisol coregulation literature in parent-infant and spousal dyads, non-human dyads, and human-non-human dyads. In Chapter 2, I describe the methodology used across Chapters 3-6. Chapter 3 explores whether factors commonly associated with stronger coregulation in parent-infant dyads also predict dog-owner coregulation strength. Chapter 4 tests for coregulation in cohabiting dogs, and demonstrates that the absence of the owner (i.e. an external social influence) may strengthen dog-dog cortisol coregulation. Chapter 5 explores how chronic cortisol concentrations (derived from hair) may enhance the study of coregulation, and presents preliminary evidence suggesting that the predictors of coregulation strength depend on the temporal nature of the cortisol measure utilised (i.e. acute or chronic cortisol concentrations). Chapter 6 highlights how greater dyad similarity in Big-5 personality traits may strengthen romantic couples’ coregulation – an area that has received minimal attention in the literature. Lastly, in the general discussion (Chapter 7), I place the key findings in a wider context and outline potential implications for future studies. Overall, results from Chapters 3-6 further our knowledge of cortisol coregulation and indicate that the physiological mechanism has shared characteristics across types of social relationships and species. Additionally, I show how external social influences and inter-individual differences in personality have the potential to be key predictors of coregulation strength, which could have considerable implications for the methodologies of future coregulation studies (provided these findings persist in a larger sample).
Digital Literacy Education in Welsh Primary and Secondary Schools from the 1960s to the Present
Authors:   , Williams Sarah E.
Published: February 2023

Digital technologies are imbued with ideologies that impact culture and society. These technologies are ubiquitous, pervasive, and central to how people communicate, consume information, and orchestrate their lives. Therefore, for people to fully understand the impact and influence of these technologies on their lives and engage with them and the digital environment in a critically informed way - digital literacy is an absolute and necessary requirement. However, we are not seeing digital literacy as standard. This study assesses: (1) Whether students are being sufficiently educated about how digital technologies use and affect them in a social, cultural, and ethical capacity; (2) Whether the programme content of digital literacy education (DLE) is primarily driven by neo-liberal economically driven government policies; and (3) How much influence private neo-liberal capitalistic enterprises have in determining the educational agenda of DLE? Qualitative data was collected via three focus group interviews and twenty-six semi-structured interviews which explored students, educational professionals, and government officials’ views of DLE in Wales. The data was thematically coded using critical discourse analysis, and analysed using theories developed in Herbert Marcuse’s 1964 publication One-Dimensional Man. The results indicated that DLE educational policy has broadened to include knowledge that extends beyond the teaching of purely mechanistic skills. However, a variety of factors were identified that impede their implementation. Additionally, it is argued that students’ mechanistic digital skills have been declining since the introduction of touch screen technologies into primary and secondary schools. Findings also indicated that educators main DLE focus was on preparing students for employment purposes, and the influence private neo-liberal capitalistic enterprises have in determining not only the educational agenda of DLE, but education in general is profound, and has accelerated exponentially since the COVID-19 imposed lockdowns.
The Development of RBL-STEM Learning Materials to Improve Students’ Combinatorial Thinking Skills in Solving Local \left(a,d\right)-edge Antimagic Coloring Problems for Line Motif Batik Design
Authors: Izza Rifda , Dafik  , Kristiana Arika I. , Mursyidah Indah L.
Published: February 2023

Combinatorials require critical thinking procedures and convincing reasoning in the problem-solving process. Indicators of the combinatorial skills include identifying some cases, recognizing patterns from all cases, generalizing all cases, proving mathematically, and considering with other combinatorial problems. To apply higher-order thinking skills, we apply research-based learning with a STEM approach. To develop student combinatorials, educators must also equip the learning process with teaching materials. This research develops RBL learning materials with a STEM approach to improve students’ combinatorial skills. The teaching materials that developed have met the criteria of valid, effective, and practical. The validity scores that obtained on each device were 3.66 for RTM, 3.53 for MFI, and 3.69 for THB. The observation results of learning implementation were 3.79 with a percentage of 94.75%, and student responses were 97% positive so that they met practical criteria. Based on the test results, researchers found that 82.75% of students were complete so that they met the effective criteria.
Pengembangan E-Modul Mata Kuliah Fotografi Departemen Kurikulum dan Teknologi Pendidikan FIP UNP
Authors: Permadi Aditya , Novrianti Novrianti
Published: February 2023

Pengambangan e-modul pada mata kuliah fotografi ini dilakukan sebagai upaya dalam meningkatkan motivasi serta minat belajar mahasiswa dan pengembangan e-modul ini dapat membantu dan mempermudah proses belajar, memperjelas materi pelajaran dengan beragam visualisasi dalam memecahkan masalah pada mata kuliah fotografi yang terdapat banyak konsep dan butuh pemahaman mendalam yang membuat mahasiswa jenuh dalam proses pembelajaran.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan yang dikenal dengan istilah Research and Deveopment (R&D), menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan perangkat 4-D (Four D). Pengembangan model 4-D terdiri atas 4 tahapan yaitu, Define (Pendefinisian), Design (Perancangan), Development (Pengembangan), dan Disseminate (Penyebaran). Uji validitas produk dilakukan oleh tiga validator yaitu satu orang validator ahli materi dan dua orang validator ahli media. Uji praktikalitas dilakukan kepada 25 mahasiswa jurusan Kurikulum dan Teknologi Pendidikan. Untuk mengetahui respon mahasiswa terhadap e-modul fotografi diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode angket.Hasil uji validitas produk untuk aspek materi sudah “sangat valid” dengan hasil rata-rata 4,41 dengan persentase 92%. Hasil validasi media menunjukkan hasil “sangat valid” dengan rata-rata 4,6 dengan  persentase 90,75%, sedangkan hasil uji kepraktisan menghasilkan hasil “sangat praktis” dengan skor rata-rata 4,65 dengan persentase sebesar 93,1%. Secara keseluruhan, e-modul yang dibuat boleh dikatakan “sangat layak” untuk digunakan dalam mata kuliah Fotografi.