bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Usefulness Drives Representations to Truth
Authors: Martínez Manolo
Published: September 2019

An important objection to signaling approaches to representation is that, if signaling behavior is driven by the maximization of usefulness (as is arguably the case for cognitive systems evolved under regimes of natural selection), then signals will typically carry much more information about agent-dependent usefulness than about objective features of the world. This sort of considerations are sometimes taken to provide support for an anti-realist stance on representation itself. The author examines the game-theoretic version of this skeptical line of argument developed by Donald Hoffman and his colleagues. It is shown that their argument only works under an extremely impoverished picture of the informational connections that hold between agent and world. In particular, it only works for cue-driven agents, in Kim Sterelny’s sense. In cases in which the agents’ understanding of what is useful results from combining pieces of information that reach them in different ways, and that complement one another (i.e., that are synergistic), maximizing usefulness involves construing first a picture of agent-independent, objective matters of fact.
Adjuvant Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy Compared With Observation After Local Treatment of Melanoma Brain Metastases: A Multicenter, Randomized Phase III Trial
Authors: Hong Angela M. , Fogarty Gerald B. , Dolven-Jacobsen Kari , Burmeister Bryan H. , Lo Serigne N. , Haydu Lauren E. , Vardy Janette L. , Nowak Anna K. , Dhillon Haryana M. , Ahmed Tasnia , Shivalingam Brindha , Long Georgina V. , Menzies Alexander M. , Hruby George , Drummond Katharine J. , Mandel Catherine , Middleton Mark R. , Reisse Claudius H. , Paton Elizabeth J. , Steel Victoria , Williams Narelle C. , Scolyer Richard A. , Morton Rachael L. , Thompson John F.
Published: September 2019

PURPOSE

The brain is a common site of metastasis for patients with high-risk melanoma. Although surgery or stereotactic radiosurgery are highly effective local treatments for a small number of metastases, there is a high risk of developing additional brain metastases. The role of adjuvant whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in reducing new metastases is controversial, with a lack of high-level evidence specifically for melanoma.

METHODS

In this randomized phase III trial, patients who had local treatment of one to three melanoma brain metastases were randomly assigned to WBRT or observation. The primary end point was distant intracranial failure within 12 months, and secondary end points included time to intracranial failure, survival, and time to deterioration in performance status.

RESULTS

Between April 2009 and September 2017, 215 patients were randomly assigned from 24 centers. Median follow-up was 48.1 months (range, 39.6 to 68 months). Forty-two percent of patients in the WBRT group and 50.5% of those in the observation developed distant intracranial failure within 12 months (odds ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.41 to 1.23; P = .22) and the rates over the entire follow-up period were 52.0% and 57.9%, respectively (odds ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.45 to 1.36; P = .39). Local failure rate was lower after WBRT (20.0% v 33.6%; P = .03). At 12 months, 41.5% of patients in the WBRT group and 51.4% of patients in the observation group had died ( P = .28), with no difference in the rate of neurologic death. Median time to deterioration in performance status was 3.8 months after WBRT and 4.4 months with observation ( P = .32). WBRT was associated with more grade 1 to 2 acute toxicity.

CONCLUSION

After local treatment of one to three melanoma brain metastases, adjuvant WBRT does not provide clinical benefit in terms of distant intracranial control, survival, or preservation of performance status.
INDENTATION SIZE EFFECT OF HEAT TREATED ALUMINUM ALLOY
Authors: Petrík Jozef , Blaško Peter , Vasilňaková Andrea , Demeter Peter , Futaš Peter
Published: September 2019

The aim of the submitted work is to study the influence of applied  loads ranging from 0.09807 N to 0.9807 N on measured values of micro-hardness of heat treated aluminum alloy 6082. The influence of applied load on a measured value of micro-hardness was evaluated by Meyer’s index n, PSR method and by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).  The influence of the load on the measured value of micro-hardness is statistically significant and the relationship between the applied load and micro-hardness manifests the moderate reverse ISE. As the temperature of the solution treatment rises, the YS/UTS ratio and also Meyer’s index n, measured and “true hardness“  increase. On the other hand, its effect on the plastic properties of the alloy is ambiguous.
Investigation of the Method of Dynamic Microwave Power Redistribution in a Resonator-Type Plasmatron
Authors: Madveika S. , Bordusau S. , Zemlyakov A. , Lushakova M.
Published: September 2019

The investigation results of a dynamic microwave power fmicrowave = 2, 45 ± 0,05 GHz redistribution in a 9000 cm3 reaction-discharge chamber of a microwave resonator-type plasmatron are presented. In order to redistribute the microwave power, a rotating metallic four-blade L-form dissector placed above the reaction-discharge chamber was used. The microwave power in the local points at the axis of the chamber with plasma and without it was measured applying the "active probe" method. During the experiments the chamber contained silicon plates. Periodical interchange of maximum and minimum microwave power values along the chamber axis was established experimentally. Note, when the dissector was rotating, the range of maximum and minimum "active probe" values dispersion decreased. It has been established that during the dissector rotation the microwave power in the local discharge areas changes with periodic repetition every quarter of revolution.
El casillero vacío de la industrialización. El caso de las leyes de promoción de Jujuy, Argentina (1918–1950)
Authors: Bernasconi Mariana S.
Published: September 2019

En el marco de las políticas orientadas al desarrollo, este trabajo analiza las leyes de promoción industrial de Jujuy, Argentina, en la primera mitad del siglo XX. El objetivo es comprender el estilo de desarrollo industrial diseñado para la provincia en el período. Para eso se estudian, además del contenido específico de los instrumentos, los objetivos y los rubros fabriles promovidos, en pos de desentrañar si se trató de generar patrones de crecimiento o de desarrollo industrial, y a qué fase de industrialización respondió en el segundo caso. De este análisis resultan tres estilos de desarrollo diferentes: el del radicalismo, basado en ideas desarrollistas pero sin concretarse en el diseño de las políticas, el del conservadurismo político, acotado también a un estilo de industrialización liviana, y el peronista, enfocado en el crecimiento de la industria. Quedará vacío, entonces, el casillero del desarrollo industrial en todos los casos.
PHENOTYPIC FEATURES OF T REGULATORY CELLS IN EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Avdeeva A. S. , Rubtsov Yu. P. , Popkova T. V. , Dyikanov D. T. , Nasonov E. L.
Published: September 2019

Objective:to investigate the count and characteristics of the phenotype of T regulatory cells (Treg) in the peripheral blood of healthy donors and patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA), by using multicolor flow cytometry.

Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 39 patients with early RA. The percentage and absolute count of Treg (FoxP3+CD25+, surface CD152+, intracellular CD152+, FoxP3+CD127, CD25+CD127, FoxP3+ICOS+, FoxP3+CD154+; and FoxP3+CD274+) was determined by multicolor flow-cytometry. A control group consisted of 20 healthy donors matched for sex and age with the examined patients.

Results and discussion.In the patients included in the study, the median [25th; 75th percentiles] DAS28 was 5.01 [4.2; 5.8]; high, moderate, and low activity showed 22 (48.9%), 20 (44.4%), and 3 (6.7%) patients, respectively. The patients with early RA had a lower percentage of FoxP3+CD25+ cells and a lower percentage and absolute count of FoxP3+ICOS+, FoxP3+CD154+, and FoxP3+CD274+ T cells than the healthy donors (p<0.05 in all cases). There was a negative correlation of the percentage of FoxP3+CD25+ cells with C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = -0.4), that of intracellular CD152+ with DAS28 (r = -0.35), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (r = -0.46), and CRP (r=-0.54); that of FoxP3+CD127 with CRP (r = -0.42); that of CD25+CD127 with DAS28 (r = -0.38), Simplified Disease Activity Index (r = -0.41), Clinical Disease Activity Index (r = -0.36), ESR (r = -0.39), and CRP (r = -0.47) (p < 0.05 in all cases).

Conclusion.The findings suggest that the functional activity of Treg is impaired in early RA, which has an impact on the activity of the inflammatory process.
LATE DIAGNOSIS OF UVEITIS IN A GIRL WITH BEHСET'S DISEASE: DEMONSTRATION OF A CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Alekberova Z. S. , Denisova E. A. , Davydova G. A. , Khatagova Z. R. , Ryabina M. V.
Published: September 2019

Behсet's disease (BD) is systemic vasculitis with multiorgan failure. According to the 1990 International Study Group for Behсet's disease (ISGBD) criteria, the main manifestations of the disease include recurrent mouth and genital ulcers; skin and eye lesions. Inflammatory diseases of the eye are diagnosed in 50–70% of patients with BD. Our described case illustrates the late diagnosis of BD in a 13-year-old girl, which led to severe eye disease (significantly decreased visual acuity of the left eye) 2 years after disease onset. The lesion of ocular posterior segments is the pathognomonic sign of BD. This symptom concurrent with other major manifestations of BD (skin and genital lesions) and the ethnicity of the patient (a resident of Dagestan, the region through which there was the Great Silk Road) should have promoted the earlier diagnosis of the disease.
Women Leader and Political Linkage: Case Studies in Kutai Kertanegara and Bolaang Mongondow
Authors: Cahyati Devy Dhian , Fimmastuti Desiana Rizka , Abheseka Norin Mustika Rahadiri
Published: September 2019

Strengthening democracy in Indonesia provides an opportunity for women to involve informal politics. This condition is not only to show women's abilities but also to mainstream gender issues in public policy. This article explores cases of Rita Widyasari as Regent in Kutai Kartanegara and Yasti Soepredjo Mokoagow as Regent of Bolaang Mongondow to understand how they build political linkage in a local context. In this research, we use a qualitative method to gather deep information about women leaders and their linkage. The research shows that their success can not be separated from their ability to build and maintain the networks with various actors in the region, such as economic actors, civil society, and political actors. Although Rita and Yasti use a different pattern to build a local network, this research indicates that political linkage becomes one of the important points to establish women political career.
Valency-based molecular descriptors of Bakelite network BNmn$B\text N_{m}^{n}$
Authors: Ahmad Maqsood , Javaid Muhammad , Saeed Muhammad , Jung Chahn Yong
Published: September 2019

Bakelite network $BN_{m}^{n}$is a molecular graph of bakelite, a pioneering and revolutionary synthetic polymer (Thermosetting Plastic) and regarded as the material of a thousand uses. In this paper, we aim to compute various degree-based topological indices of a molecular graph of bakelite network $BN_{m}^{n}$. These molecular descriptors play a fundamental role in QSPR/QSAR studies in describing the chemical and physical properties of Bakelite network $BN_{m}^{n}$. We computed atom-bond connectivity ABC its fourth version ABC4 geometric arithmetic GA its fifth version GA5 Narumi-Katayama, sum-connectivity and Sanskruti indices, first, second, modified and augmented Zagreb indices, inverse and general Randic’ indices, symmetric division, harmonic and inverse sum indices of $BN_{m}^{n}$.
Inoculation against Populism: Media Competence Education and Political Autonomy
Authors: Podschwadek Frodo
Published: September 2019

This paper offers an analysis of the relation between political populism and mass media, and how this relation becomes problematic for democratic societies. It focuses on the fact that mass media, due to their purpose and infrastructure, can unintentionally reinforce populist messages. Research findings from communication science and political psychology are used to illustrate how, for example, a combination of mass media agenda setting and motivated reasoning can influence citizens’ political decisions and impair their political autonomy. This poses a particular normative challenge for modern democracies: how to counter these populism-supporting effects within the constraints of democratic legitimacy? After showing how severely limited legal measures to curb populist media effects would be, the paper argues in favour of media competence education as a way of providing future citizens with an epistemic toolkit to navigate the media environment and strengthen their political autonomy.
Head repositioning accuracy is influenced by experimental neck pain in those most accurate but not when adding a cognitive task
Authors: Christensen Steffan Wittrup McPhee , Peolsson Anneli , Agger Simone May , Svindt Mikkel , Graven-Nielsen Thomas , Hirata Rogerio Pessoto
Published: September 2019

Background and aims

Neck pain can impair perception of cervical movement, but how this is affected by attention is unknown. In this study, the effects of experimental neck pain on head repositioning accuracy during standardized head movements were investigated.

Methods

Experimental neck pain was induced by injecting hypertonic saline into the right splenius capitis muscle in 28 healthy participants (12 women). Isotonic saline was used as control. Participants were blindfolded while performing standardized head movements from neutral (start) to either right-rotation, left-rotation, flexion or extension, then back to neutral (end). Movements were triplicated for each direction, separated by 5-s, and performed with or without a cognitive task at baseline, immediately after the injection, and 5-min after pain disappeared. Repositioning accuracy was assessed by 3-dimensional recordings of head movement and defined as the difference between start and end position. Participants were grouped into most/least accurate based on a median split of head repositioning accuracy for each movement direction at baseline without the cognitive task.

Results

The most accurate group got less accurate following hypertonic injection during right-rotation without a cognitive task, compared with the least accurate group and the isotonic condition (p < 0.01). No group difference was found when testing head repositioning accuracy while the participants where distracted by the cognitive task.

Conclusions

Experimental neck pain alters head repositioning accuracy in healthy participants, but only in those who are most accurate at baseline. Interestingly, this impairment was no longer present when a cognitive task was added to the head repositioning accuracy test.

Implications

The results adds to our understanding of what factor may influence the head repositioning accuracy test when used in clinical practice and thereby how the results should be interpreted.
A note on multilevel Toeplitz matrices
Authors: Cao Lei , Koyuncu Selcuk
Published: September 2019

Chien, Liu, Nakazato and Tam proved that all n × n classical Toeplitz matrices (one-level Toeplitz matrices) are unitarily similar to complex symmetric matrices via two types of unitary matrices and the type of the unitary matrices only depends on the parity of n. In this paper we extend their result to multilevel Toeplitz matrices that any multilevel Toeplitz matrix is unitarily similar to a complex symmetric matrix. We provide a method to construct the unitary matrices that uniformly turn any multilevel Toeplitz matrix to a complex symmetric matrix by taking tensor products of these two types of unitary matrices for one-level Toeplitz matrices according to the parity of each level of the multilevel Toeplitz matrices. In addition, we introduce a class of complex symmetric matrices that are unitarily similar to some p-level Toeplitz matrices.
Epidemiology of Medical Events on a Commercial African National Airline Carrier Between 2009 and 2011
Authors: Parker Salim , Mahomed Ozayr
Published: September 2019

Introduction: An estimated 3.8 billion passengers traveled on commercial aircraft in 2016, of whom close to 1.5 billion crossed international boundaries. Modern commercial aircrafts can carry up to 800 passengers and can fly more than 18 hours. Although not very common, in-flight medical incidents can result in flight diversions that are costly and extremely inconvenient. The aim of the current study was to review in-flight medical incidents on a commercial African carrier between 2009 and 2011. Methods: A secondary analysis of data collected by air stewards during in-flight medical events that were recorded in a register were retrieved for the 3-year period 2009-2011. All medical documented data was evaluated. Results: A total of 3306 medical events equating to an average of 155 cases per million passengers per year were documented over the 3-year study period, of which 3279 were specified into medical categories. Cardiovascular cases (1124; 34.0%) gastrointestinal (727; 22.0%), muscular-skeletal (302; 9%), and respiratory (202; 6%) were the most common cases. Most incidents (74%) were managed by the cabin crew. Five of the medical incidents led to diversions. There were 9 deaths on board over the 3-year period. Conclusion: In-flight medical incidents are rare events. Comparisons with other airlines is difficult due to the non-standardization of recording methods. A global uniform reporting format across all airlines is necessary. Further research is required to determine the factors associated with medical incidents so that pre-emergency preparedness plans can be strengthened.
Depression, Anxiety, and Emergency Department Use for Asthma
Authors: Bardach Naomi S. , Neel Caroline , Kleinman Lawrence C. , McCulloch Charles E. , Thombley Robert , Zima Bonnie T. , Grupp-Phelan Jacqueline , Coker Tumaini R. , Cabana Michael D.
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Asthma is responsible for ∼1.7 million emergency department (ED) visits annually in the United States. Studies in adults have shown that anxiety and depression are associated with increased asthma-related ED use. Our objective was to assess this association in pediatric patients with asthma.

METHODS:

We identified patients aged 6 to 21 years with asthma in the Massachusetts All-Payer Claims Database for 2014 to 2015 using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and 10th Revision codes. We examined the association between the presence of anxiety, depression, or comorbid anxiety and depression and the rate of asthma-related ED visits per 100 child-years using bivariate and multivariable analyses with negative binomial regression.

RESULTS:

Of 65 342 patients with asthma, 24.7% had a diagnosis of anxiety, depression, or both (11.2% anxiety only, 5.8% depression only, and 7.7% both). The overall rate of asthma-related ED use was 17.1 ED visits per 100 child-years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.7–17.5). Controlling for age, sex, insurance type, and other chronic illness, patients with anxiety had a rate of 18.9 (95% CI: 17.0–20.8) ED visits per 100 child-years, patients with depression had a rate of 21.7 (95% CI: 18.3–25.0), and patients with both depression and anxiety had a rate of 27.6 (95% CI: 24.8–30.3). These rates were higher than those of patients who had no diagnosis of anxiety or depression (15.5 visits per 100 child-years; 95% CI: 14.5–16.4; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Children with asthma and anxiety or depression alone, or comorbid anxiety and depression, have higher rates of asthma-related ED use compared with those without either diagnosis.
Transvaginal ultrasound in deep endometriosis: pictorial essay
Authors: Oliveira Jorge Gilmar Amaral de , Bonfada Vanessa , Zanella Janice de Fátima Pavan , Coser Janaina
Published: September 2019

Abstract Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. When endometrial implants penetrate more than 5 mm into the peritoneum, the condition is referred to as deep pelvic endometriosis. Although laparoscopy is the gold standard test to establish a diagnosis of deep endometriosis, transvaginal ultrasound represents an alternative that can contribute to detection of the disease, because it is an accessible, low-cost, noninvasive examination that allows preoperative planning in cases requiring surgical treatment. However, in clinical practice, transvaginal ultrasound is still not widely used as the first-line examination in suspected cases of endometriosis. This essay describes the findings of deep endometriosis on transvaginal ultrasound, in order to disseminate knowledge of the utility of the technique for the diagnosis of this disease.
Da busca pelo diagnóstico às incertezas do tratamento: desafios do cuidado para as doenças genéticas raras no Brasil
Authors: Iriart Jorge Alberto Bernstein , Nucci Marina Fisher , Muniz Tatiane Pereira , Viana Greice Bezerra , Aureliano Waleska de Araújo , Gibbon Sahra
Published: September 2019

Resumo As doenças genéticas raras constituem um importante problema de saúde pública, mas ainda são pouco estudadas na perspectiva da Saúde Coletiva. Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar os itinerários terapêuticos de pacientes com doenças genéticas raras nas cidades do Rio de Janeiro, Salvador e Porto Alegre, tendo por foco os desafios materiais, emocionais e estruturais enfrentados na busca por diagnóstico e tratamento. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com pacientes/cuidadores e profissionais de saúde em serviços públicos de genética médica. Observou-se que a experiência da doença genética rara, além de ser um desafio em si pelo caráter debilitante e incapacitante, é agravada por problemas de ordem prático-relacionais e burocrático-institucionais que não se resolvem com a chegada a um serviço especializado. A existência de longos itinerários terapêuticos até o diagnóstico, o desconhecimento dos médicos não geneticistas sobre as doenças raras, as dificuldades de transporte e de acesso a especialistas, a exames diagnósticos e complementares e o acesso a medicamentos e insumos alimentares de alto custo foram comuns às narrativas nas três cidades. A adesão aos cuidados oferecidos exigem estratégias de ação que dependem de arranjos envolvendo familiares, médicos, associações de pacientes e o Estado.
DO PRECONCEITO À INTOLERÂNCIA: QUANDO SE ROUBA A HUMANIDADE DO OUTRO
Authors: HERZOG REGINA
Published: September 2019

RESUMO: Freud, apoiado em sua clínica, afirma o quanto é penoso para o homem viver em sociedade e como o uso da violência acaba sendo um modo de resolver este impasse. Propomos pensar esta questão a partir da passagem do narcisismo das pequenas diferenças que gera o preconceito desembocando na intolerância e segregação presentes no mundo contemporâneo. Para tanto, nos afastamos tanto da ideia de que traços e características inerentes ao psiquismo seriam responsáveis por determinadas ações, quanto da pretensão de situar no social a culpa por este estado de coisas.
NOMEAÇÃO E PECADO ORIGINAL EM LACAN: UM RECORTE A PARTIR DOS TESTEMUNHOS DE DESCENDENTES DE NAZISTAS NOTÓRIOS
Authors: Gerber Keilah Freitas , Zanotti Susane Vasconcelos
Published: September 2019

RESUMO: O artigo investiga a relação entre nomeação e herança a partir da constatação lacaniana de que o sobrenome é símbolo do quinhão ao qual o sujeito tem acesso: o pecado dos pais tal como Kierkegaard o designa. Ao examinar a nomeação e o pecado herdado em Kierkegaard à luz da psicanálise, observamos aproximações entre esses elementos que podem atravessar o engajamento do sujeito com a sua história e o modo como se autoriza a ser chamado filho de.
A FUNÇÃO DE INTERVALO DO ESPAÇO DE ACOLHIMENTO PARA PEQUENAS CRIANÇAS E SEUS PAIS
Authors: Jacintho Ana Francisca Lunardelli , Kupfer Maria Cristina Machado , Vanier Alain
Published: September 2019

RESUMO: No presente artigo, questionamos a função exercida por um espaço de acolhimento para crianças de até três anos e seus pais. Após uma breve descrição desse dispositivo inspirado no modelo francês da Maison Verte, criada por Françoise Dolto, discutimos o funcionamento de diferentes instituições da primeira infância e interrogamos o papel do espaço de acolhimento. Defendemos, por fim, que ele ocupa uma função denominada de intervalo, pois permite a introdução de um espaço possível no laço entre pequenas crianças e seus pais, favorecendo, assim, a separação e a emergência do sujeito do desejo.
O BARULHO INAUDÍVEL: ADOLESCÊNCIA, TÉDIO E RETRAIMENTO
Authors: CESAR FÁTIMA FLÓRIDO , FIGUEIREDO LUIS CLAUDIO
Published: September 2019

RESUMO: Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir acerca da não comunicação reativa - conceito desenvolvido por D. W. Winnicott, que corresponde a uma reclusão patológica. Para tanto, traz o relato do atendimento psicanalítico a um adolescente que apresentava um estado de isolamento. O artigo se reporta ao modo de funcionamento psicopatológico apresentado segundo a matriz ferencziana de adoecimento psíquico, caracterizada por Luís Claudio Figueiredo. As estratégias técnicas assinaladas baseiam-se, fundamentalmente, nos conceitos de reclamação/reivindicação da psicanalista Anne Alvarez, que postula uma abordagem mais ativa no sentido de o analista ir ao alcance do paciente, configurando, assim, uma clínica revitalizadora.
Fatores associados à depressão em homens e mulheres presos
Authors: Santos Maíra Mendes dos , Barros Claudia Renata dos Santos , Andreoli Sérgio Baxter
Published: September 2019

RESUMO: Introdução: As prevalências de depressão em presídios são altas, porém não há clareza sobre os fatores de risco entre os sexos. Analisamos os fatores associados à depressão entre homens e mulheres presos no estado de São Paulo. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, de 2006 a 2007, com amostra probabilística estratificada e em múltiplos estágios. Aplicaram-se o Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) para diagnóstico psiquiátrico e questionário sobre histórico criminal em 1.192 homens e 617 mulheres. As prevalências foram calculadas para vida e fatores associados, para cada sexo, analisadas por meio da regressão logística multinomial. A variável dependente foi categorizada em: depressão, outro transtorno e sem transtorno mental. Resultados: A prevalência de depressão em mulheres foi de 33,3% (30,3 - 36,5) e em homens de 12,9% (11,1 - 15,0). Entre homens, foram associados à depressão falta disciplinar no presídio, histórico infracional na adolescência, ter companheira e problemas de saúde. Associados a outros transtornos: histórico infracional na adolescência e reincidência. Entre mulheres, as associações com depressão foram: problemas de saúde, crime de drogas e violência, estar presa em penitenciária e reincidência. Outros transtornos foram com problemas de saúde, reincidência, histórico infracional e crime violento. Discussão: Resultados confirmam estudos sobre diferenças entre os sexos para fatores associados à depressão. Conclusão: Há diferenças no perfil de homens e mulheres, que demandam distintas estratégias de enfrentamento, como coping e reabilitação em saúde para as mulheres com depressão.
Student’s access and performance in the Portuguese Higher Education: Issues of gender, age, socio-cultural background, expectations, and program choice
Authors: Ferrão Maria Eugénia , Almeida Leandro S.
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this article is to characterize and contribute to the debate on the democratization of Portuguese higher education, both in terms of access and the performance of students enrolled in a public university. The analyses concern the sociodemographic characteristics and schooling trajectory of the 2,697 students enrolled for the first time in the University of Minho in the academic year 2015/16. The relationships between such characteristics and the choice of program, expectations regarding higher education, the criteria of admission, and the association with their permanence and performance in the first year of studies are explored as well. Several statistical tests were applied, such as those based on multivariate analysis of variance, chi-squared test for the independence between variables, or the t-Student test for the comparison of means of two independent samples. Results suggest that student’s gender, socio-cultural background and schooling trajectory are related to the choice of the programe, university entrance score and the entrance option. The multivariate analysis of variance of student’s grade point average at the end of the first year suggests the influence of the interaction between the fixed term of scientific-disciplinary area of the program attended and the program option of access to higher education. We did not find any statistically significant association between socio-cultural background and permanence in higher education; i.e, the socio-cultural origin of the students does not seem to influence the decision to abandon, suspend or transfer program, at least during their first year of studies. Our findings suggest student’s resilience and/or institutional action meaning a step further on the path for social equity in the Portuguese higher education.
Fusarium species isolated from wheat samples showing root and crown rot
Authors: Ölmez Fatih , Tunalı Berna
Published: September 2019

Wheat is one of
the most largely grown cereals in Turkey and it is very important for meet
calorie requirements of humans and animals. However, due to numerous fungal
diseases suffered, the wheat supply is threatened. Fusarium spp., known as the big portion of plant parasitic fungi,
causes some quality and quantity problems on wheat production. This large genus
has over one hundred sub-species, therefore, it is so difficult to diagnose in
species level. Using certain molecular and microscopic approaches, this study
aimed at determining the Fusarium
spp., causing root and crown rot on wheat in Southeast Anatolia. Molecularly, using
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiment with some species-specific primers
and sequencing of some part of ribosomal RNA region after amplification by PCR were
used to differentiate the species. Additionally, colony and different spore
characteristics of cultures were used to diagnose some Fusarium species microscopically. At the end of the study, 143 Fusarium isolates including 19 species
were obtained from wheat producing areas in Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa, Mardin, and
Adıyaman provinces. Although the most frequently isolated species was F. proliferatum at the rate of 17.4%, F. pseudograminearum and F. culmorum, which were the most
important crown rot pathogens, were isolated at 13% of the total isolated Fusarium isolates.
A New Way to Visualize the Evolution of Monetary Policy Expectations
Authors: Priebsch Marcel A.
Published: September 2019

Using information from financial market quotes and surveys, this article analyzes the evolution from January to July 2019 of probabilities attached to different policy rate outcomes using "probability simplex" diagrams.
Сетевое моделирование массового политического сознания. Метод
Authors: Благовещенский Юрий , Сатаров Георгий
Published: September 2019

Статья представляет опыт построения и сопоставительного анализа трех сетей, узлами которых служат векторы ответов респондентов на почти одинаковые социологические анкеты в трех странах – России, Казахстане и Эстонии. Анкеты, изучавшие политические представления и практики граждан трех стран, использовались в опросах, проводившихся весной – осенью 1998 г. Совокупность ответов респондентов на одну анкету представлялась как множество бинарных векторов. Этим бинарным векторам соответствовали узлы конструируемой сети. На начальной стадии в качестве мер связи между узлами использовались приведенные стандартизированные остатки как меры статистической зависимости между узлами (векторами ответов). Таким образом получалась взвешенная сеть одного опроса. После этого по общему формальному правилу определения порога осуществлялся переход от взвешенной сети к бинарной. Главным объектом сопоставительного анализа были топологические (структурные) свойства таких бинарных сетей, использующиеся в сетевых исследованиях на сетях разного происхождения. Построенные таким образом сети рассматривались в исследовании в качестве моделей массового сознания респондентов. Изучалась и интерпретировалась кластерная структура сетей, сопряженная со структурой специфического распределения степеней узлов сетей. Получены новые важные результаты, касающиеся распределений степеней узлов изученных сетей. Подтверждена гипотеза о том, что эти сети образуют отдельный класс сложных сетей. Выявлены социологические факты, которые не могли быть получены традиционными методами статистического анализа результатов опросов, основанными на подсчете частот ответов в целом по выборке и внутри стандартных групп. Предложенный подход позволяет трактовать сети, которые строятся предложенным способом, как модели массового сознания, и подобный сетевой поход позволяет получать новые верифицируемые сведения о массовом сознании. Приводятся соображения авторов о возможных дальнейших направлениях научного поиска в данной сфере.
Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: another masquerader!
Authors: Kumar Bhargavi , Thangavelu Saravanan , Prabhakar Rajgokul
Published: September 2019

Euglycemic ketoacidosis is defined by the triad of euglycemia, metabolic acidosis and ketonemia or ketonuria. In the current era of diabetic management, it is a serious concern with the usage of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors potentiated by a number of precipitating agents. Empagliflozin though a novel oral hypoglycemic agent in this category may also lead to this potential complication. Here we report a 59 year old male, type 2 diabetic who was on empagliflozin and presented with euglycemic ketoacidosis after a binge of alcohol.
Sex-wise changes in haematological and biochemical parameters before and after exchange transfusion in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Joshi Ishan , Sharma Amit
Published: September 2019

Background: Exchange transfusion (ET) is required in hyperbilirubinemic hospitalized neonates.Methods: The study center at SMS and associated hospitals. The blood bank is licensed and fully equipped. Fall in serum bilirubin minimum of 40 cases was required as the sample size of the present study.Results: The Sex ratio in the neonates undergoing Exchange transfusion was 65% (26) Males and 35% (14) females. The mean values of Hb (g/dl), Hematocrit and Direct bilirubin (mg/dl) of male and female before and after exchange transfusion, were non-significant.Conclusion: Exchange transfusion was required more commonly in male neonates.  The mean values of change in Hb (g/dl), Hematocrit and Direct bilirubin (mg/dl) of males and females before and after exchange transfusion, were non-significant. The mean values of change in Indirect bilirubin (mg/dl) in both males and females before and after exchange transfusion was highly significant.  The mean values of change in Total bilirubin (mg/dl) in males and in females were significant.
Outcomes of intubation techniques in nasolacrimal duct blockage in adult age group: a comparative study based on Sindh, Pakistan population
Authors: Qazi Asif Mashood , Qidwai Nazia , Bhutto Israr Ahmed , Penezai Aimal Khan , Soomro Fayaz Ahmed , Khan Hina , Tariq Anus
Published: September 2019

Background: Nasolacrimal duct obstruction is listed under the heading of congenital diseases; on other hand it is also commonly present in adult age group. In population of Sindh we found these patients frequently. Through this study we revealed the surgical options for the treatment of Nasolacrimal duct obstruction in population of Sindh provenience of Pakistan. The objective of the study was to compare the outcomes of two different intubation techniques in treatment of Nasolacrimal duct obstruction between two age groups. Comparative study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital Karachi from May 2018 to June 2019.Methods: Total 136 numbers of patients were included on the bases of history, clinical examination and pre-operative syringing test. Non- probability convenient sampling was applied for data collection. Total 136 numbers of patients were divided into two groups on the bases of treatment and further subgroup on the bases of age ranges. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.0.Results: Frequency and percentage of recovery in six months in each subgroup with application of chi-square test. Frequency and percentage of post-operative complications prolong treatment and regurgitation and patency of tube in each group and subgroups.Conclusions: The results showed significant difference between the groups. Group A showed higher success rate with minimal percentage of complications and post-operative measurements in both age ranges as compare to Group B.
A comparative study on the effectiveness of bupivacaine and ropivacaine for supraclavicular block
Authors: Sejpal Nekee Navin , Bande B. D. , Sejpal Kapil Navin , Rajdeo Ravi Nirmalkumar
Published: September 2019

Background: Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine have been extensively studied &their properties with respect to onset, duration and quality of block. This study aims to detect whether addition of clonidine to both of them changes their properties. This study also aims to use lower than usual dosages for both the local anesthetics to prevent adverse effects of local anesthetics.Methods: After obtaining ethical approval, the study was carried out on patients undergoing elective upper limb surgeries. They were randomly divided into two Groups: Group B and Group R. The onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade and other parameters were assessed.Results: The onset of blockade, both sensory & motor was earlier in Ropivacaine as compared to Bupivacaine group. Mean duration of blockade, both sensory & motor, was more in the Bupivacaine group.  Conclusions: Addition of Clonidine enabled the use of low concentrations (0.25%) of both the anesthetics. Also, Ropivacaine (0.25%) has faster onset of sensory and motor blockade, shorter duration of action and less motor blockade compared to Bupivacaine.
A questionnaire based cross sectional study of the knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacovigilance among the health care professionals in a tertiary care teaching hospital in upper Assam, India
Authors: Gohain Swapnanil , Aziz Sahid , Chaliha Meghali
Published: September 2019

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADR) are one of the major reason of morbidity, mortality and increase in health-care costs. The pharmacovigilance programme of India (PvPI) encourages the active participation of all health care professionals (HCP) in reporting suspected ADR to ensure enhanced patient safety. But present statistics shows under reporting of suspected ADR. So, this study was undertaken with the objectives of assessing knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of pharmacovigilance among the HCP and to evaluate various reasons of under reporting of suspected ADR.Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of HCP including faculties, resident doctors and postgraduate trainee (PGT), internship doctors and nurses on pharmacovigilance; conducted at department of Pharmacology, Jorhat Medical College and Hospital(JMCH). The pretested and peer reviewed questionnaire was distributed among 150 HCP and the responses were collected after one day. Data were analyzed using MS-excel software and was expressed in percentage.Results: Out of 150 questionnaires, 118 responses were received (32 faculties, 27 PGT, 38 internship doctors and 21 nurses). Good knowledge (78.4%) and fair attitude was found among the HCP but there was lack of practice of pharmacovigilance due to reasons mainly non availability of suspected ADR reporting form (27.1%), didn’t think reporting was necessary (34%), fear of consequences (16.1%) and lack of awareness (16.1%) among others.Conclusions: Good attitude was observed among HCP. With proper measures like sensitization and educational intervention ADR, reporting may be improved in the future.
Pattern of tuberculosis among tribal population of Central India with special reference to cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test as diagnostic tool: a descriptive study at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Gajbhiye Swati B. , Madkey Madhavi V. , Gedam Dilip S.
Published: September 2019

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) kills close to half a million Indians every year. Lack of reliable rapid diagnostic techniques for TB hampers timely diagnosis and leads to continued disease transmission, causing significant morbidity and mortality. The potential of newly recommended CBNAAT in TB and MDR-TB detection has been underutilized in our area due to lack of awareness regarding the same. Hence we utilized this rapid, logistically simplified test to study the pattern of tuberculosis among tribal population of Central India.Methods: Descriptive study of suspected TB patients in tertiary care centre from March 2016 to March 2019. Appropriate specimens from suspected TB patients were collected and subjected to CBNAAT and AFB smear to study the pattern of TB and Rifampicin- Resistant(RR) TB  in our area.Results: CBNAAT detected overall 27% MTB cases; 27.72 % Pulmonary-TB cases as against smear positivity rate of 20.73% whereas 12.74% Extra-pulmonary-TB (EPTB) cases as against smear positivity rate of 1.59%.Overall 94.91% were RiF Sensitive( RS-TB) and 4.58% were RR-TB. Of the 57 (4.16%) HIV-TB coinfected cases; 96.49% were RS-TB and 5.26% were RR-TB. Co-infected patients have high incidence of EPTB(21.05%) involvement  with RR-TB 3.50%. Among EPTB cases; lymph node aspirate and pus provided highest CBNAAT positive cases and almost 90.62% EPTB specimens were RS-TB .Conclusions: Availability of new diagnostic services has increased early identification of TB and RR-TB. Awareness among physicians regarding diagnostic utility of CBNAAT should be further increased as early identification of possible MDR cases is key to reducing community transmission and treatment initiation, particularly in high-burden, resource-limited settings.
Penile beads and its associated infections: a descriptive study
Authors: Halder Ram Kanta , Balasubramanian Pradeep
Published: September 2019

Background: Practice of introducing glass beads in the penis has been done amongst the poachers from the neighboring countries of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, e. g. Myanmar, Thailand and Indonesia to improve their sexual performance.

Methods: Patients attending the skin OPD, G.B. Pant Hospital and the poachers in the District Hospital, Pothrapur with beads and foreign body introduced in the penis were included in this study.

Results: Totally 41 patients were enrolled in this study. All the patients were poachers (from Myanmar and Thailand). About 90% had inserted glass beads into the prepuce and 10% had injected oil. About 17% and 36.58% of these poachers were suffering from HIV infection and other sexually transmitted infections respectively. About 19.5% of the poachers had syphilis.

Conclusions: It is observed that this peculiar sexual habit or behavior cause increased incidence of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS in these poachers and hence it is a risky practice.
Study on the Eﬀect of Material Absorption of Photonic Crystals on Transverse Magnetic Wave Band
Authors: Hao Shi
Published: September 2019

Photonic crystals are a major discovery in physics and have an important inﬂuence on our present life. The biggest feature of the photonic crystals is that they have bandgap which can block photons of a certain frequency, thus affecting the photon movement. This effect resembles the inﬂuence of the semiconductor body on electrons. Therefore, research and discovery of the photonic crystal have a broad prospect and people have large expectation on the photonic crystal. The emergence of photonic crystals makes it possible for the miniaturization and integration of some aspects of information technology. Their structure studies enable us to determines their characteristics, thus the discovery of the photonic crystal structure and function will lay the foundation for the study of its application. In this paper, the study focuses on the research of material absorption of photonic crystal on Transverse Magnetic (TM) wave band. Firstly, the basic knowledge and principle of photonic crystal are introduced. Then, the research is carried out to study the effect of characteristic matrix method on photon crystal TM energy wave. 

 
Controllable Synthesis of h-WO3 Nanoflakes by L-lysine Assisted Hydrothermal Route and Electrochemical Characterization of Nanoflakes Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Gangaiah Vijaya Kumar , Siddaramanna Ashoka , Adarakatti Prashanth Shivappa , Chandrappa Gujjarahalli Thimanna
Published: September 2019

Hexagonal tungsten trioxide (h-WO3) nanoflakes have been synthesized by a hydrothermal approach using L-lysine as the shape directing agent. The influence of hydrothermal reaction time and L-lysine content on the morphology of h-WO3 was investigated. The experimental results showed that the nanoflake morphology could be achieved at higher concentration of L-lysine. Based on the evolution of nanoflake morphology as a function of hydro-thermal duration, a “dissolution-crystallization-Ostwald ripening” growth mechanism has been proposed. The electro-chemical performance of h-WO3 nanoflakes has also been investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It is found that h-WO3 modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) showed lower charge transfer resistance and enhancement in peak current attributed to the enrichment in electroactive surface area and faster electron transfer kinetics at h-WO3 modified GCE.
PURPOSE OF PUNISHMENT IN TERMS OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS BY THE ABBREVIATED FORM OF INQUIRY
Authors: Mingalimova M. F.
Published: September 2019

In the article the author analyzes the order and feature of sentencing in criminal cases, the inquiry on which was carried out in a shortened form. Specific examples from judicial practice demonstrate the complexity of the implementation of the principle of individualization of punishment in this category of cases due to the establishment of the legislative limit of the upper limit of punishment. To obtain objective data, the comparative analysis is based on the results of consideration of criminal cases of crimes under Article 314.1 of the Criminal Code. In addition, the article focuses on the circumstances that contribute to and prevent the production of a shortened form of inquiry, as well as analyzes the procedure of judicial proceedings and the procedure for holding a court hearing in criminal cases, the preliminary investigation of which was conducted under a simplified scheme. Based on the findings, the author suggests ways to improve the current legislation, one of which is to amend Article 62 of the Criminal Code. In addition, the article provides examples from the appellate practice of appealing against sentences handed down in criminal cases investigated in a shortened form.
DISCUSSION «TARASOV VS ROSSINSKIY» ABOUT DETENTION OF THE SUSPECT: SUMMING UP THE FIRST RESULTS
Authors: Rossinskiy S. B.
Published: September 2019

This article describes the content of the authors speech at the conference Act of detention as evidence in criminal proceedings: Pros and Cons (September 26, 2018, Samara National Research University, Faculty of Law). The author analyzes the reasons for the discussion Tarasov vs Rossinskiy between him and professor A. A. Tarasov about the nature of detention of a person suspected of committing a crime. The author concludes that detention actually remains a police act, which is used for maintaining proper investigation. And the procedural decision to detain does not have a high legal meaning, which is found in other resolutive acts of preliminary investigation.