bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous impedance inversion and interpretation for an offshore turbiditic reservoir
Authors: Arévalo-López Humberto S. , Dvorkin Jack P.
Published: April 2017

By using simultaneous impedance inversion, we obtained P- and S-wave impedance ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) volumes from angle stacks at a siliciclastic turbidite oil reservoir offshore northwest Australia. The ultimate goal was to interpret these elastic variables for fluid, porosity, and mineralogy. This is why an essential part of our workflow was finding the appropriate rock-physics model based on well data. The model-corrected S-wave velocity [Formula: see text] in the wells was used as an input to impedance inversion. The inversion parameters were optimized in small vertical sections around two wells to obtain the best possible match between the seismic impedances and the upscaled impedances measured at the wells. Special attention was paid to the seismically derived [Formula: see text] ratio because we relied on this parameter for hydrocarbon identification. Even after performing crosscorrelation between the angle stacks to correct for two-way traveltime shifts to align the stacks, these stacks did not indicate a coherent amplitude variation with angle (AVA) dependence. To deal with this common problem, we corrected the mid and far stacks by using the near and ultrafar stacks as anchoring points for fitting a [Formula: see text] AVA curve. This choice allowed us to match the seismically derived [Formula: see text] ratio with that predicted by the rock-physics model in the reservoir. Finally, the rock-physics model was used to interpret these [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for the fluid, porosity, and mineralogy. The new paradigm in our inversion/interpretation workflow is that the ultimate quality control of the inversion is in an accurate deterministic match between the seismically derived petrophysical variables and the corresponding upscaled depth curves at the wells. Our interpretation is very sensitive to the inversion results, especially the [Formula: see text] ratio. Despite this fact, we were able to obtain accurate estimates of porosity and clay content in the reservoir and around it.
Subsurface fluid flow focused by buried volcanoes in sedimentary basins: Evidence from 3D seismic data, Bass Basin, offshore southeastern Australia
Authors: Holford Simon P. , Schofield Nick , Reynolds Peter
Published: April 2017

There is growing evidence that intrusive magmatic bodies such as sills and dikes can influence the migration of fluids in the deep subsurface. This influence is largely due to permeability contrasts with surrounding sedimentary rocks or because of interconnected open fractures within and around intrusions acting as conduits for migrating fluids. The role of buried volcanoes in influencing crossstratal fluid migration in sedimentary basins is less well-established. However, several studies have highlighted spatial linkages between extinct hydrothermal vent complexes and fluid seepage, suggesting that buried extrusive features can also influence subsurface fluid-flow pathways, potentially leading to migration of hydrocarbon fluids between the source and reservoir. We have developed 3D seismic reflection data from the Bass Basin in offshore southeastern Australia that image an early Miocene volcanic complex with exceptional clarity. This volcanic complex is now buried by [Formula: see text] of younger sediments. The largest volcano within this complex is directly overlain by a vertical feature interpreted to be a fluid escape pipe, which extends vertically for approximately 700 m across the late Miocene-Pliocene succession. We suggest that the buried volcanic complex was able to focus vertical fluid migration to the base of the pipe because its bulk permeability was higher than that of the overlying claystone sequence. The fluid escape pipe may have initiated through either (1) hydraulic fracturing following fluid expulsion from a deep, overpressured subvolcanic source region, (2) differential compaction and doming of the overlying claystones, or (3) a combination of these processes. Our results suggest a hitherto unrecognized role for buried volcanoes in influencing dynamic subsurface processes in sedimentary basins. In particular, our study highlights that buried volcanoes may facilitate cross-stratal migration of hydrocarbons from source to reservoir, or through sealing horizons.
Centrin diversity and basal body patterning across evolution: new insights fromParamecium
Authors: Aubusson-Fleury Anne , Balavoine Guillaume , Lemullois Michel , Bouhouche Khaled , Beisson Janine , Koll France
Published: April 2017

First discovered in unicellular eukaryotes, centrins play crucial roles in basal body duplication and anchoring mechanisms. While the evolutionary status of the founding members of the family, Centrin2/Vfl2 and Centrin3/cdc31 has long been investigated, the evolutionary origin of other members of the family has received less attention. Using a phylogeny of ciliate centrins, we identify two other centrin families, the ciliary centrins and the centrins present in the contractile filaments (ICL centrins). In this paper, we carry on the functional analysis of still not well known centrins, the ICL1e subfamily identified in Paramecium, and show their requirement for correct basal body anchoring through interactions with Centrin2 and Centrin3. Using Paramecium as well as an Eukaryote-wide sampling of centrins from completely sequenced genomes, we revisited the evolutionary story of centrins. Their phylogeny shows that the centrins associated with the ciliate contractile filaments are widespread in eukaryotic lineages and could be as ancient as Centrin2 and Centrin3.
Dancing attraction: followers of honey bee tremble and waggle dances exhibit similar behaviors
Authors: Lam Calvin , Li Yanlei , Landgraf Tim , Nieh James
Published: April 2017

The function of the honey bee tremble dance and how it attracts signal receivers is poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that tremble followers and waggle followers exhibit the same dance following behavior. If correct, this would unify our understanding of dance following, provide insight into dance information transfer, and offer a way to identify the signal receivers of tremble dance information. Followers showed similar initial attraction to and tracking of dancers. However, waggle dancers were faster than tremble dancers, and follower forward, sideways, and angular velocities were generally similar to the velocities of their respective dancers. Waggle dancers attracted followers from 1.3-fold greater distances away than tremble dancers. Both follower types were attracted to the lateral sides of dancers, but tremble followers were more attracted to the dancer's head, and waggle followers were more attracted to the dancer's abdomen. Tremble dancers engaged in 4-fold more brief food exchanges with their followers than waggle dancers. The behaviors of both follower types are therefore relatively conserved. Researchers can now take the next steps, observing tremble followers to determine their subsequent behaviors and testing the broader question of whether follower attraction and tracking is conserved in a wide range of social insects.
Morphology and cardiac physiology are differentially affected by temperature in developing larvae of the marine fish mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus)
Authors: Perrichon Prescilla , Pasparakis Christina , Mager Edward M. , Stieglitz John D. , Benetti Daniel D. , Grosell Martin , Burggren Warren W.
Published: April 2017

Cardiovascular performance is altered by temperature in larval fishes, but how acute vs. chronic temperature exposures independently affect cardiac morphology and physiology in the growing larva is poorly understood. Consequently, the influence of water temperature on cardiac plasticity was investigated in developing mahi-mahi. Morphological (e.g. standard length, heart angle) and physiological cardiac variables (e.g. heart rate fH, stroke volume, cardiac output) were recorded under two conditions by imaging: i) under acute temperature exposure where embryos were reared at 25°C up to 128 hours post-fertilization (hpf) and then acutely exposed to 25° (rearing temperature), 27° and 30°C; ii) at two rearing (chronic) temperatures of 26° and 30°C and performed at 32 and 56 hpf. Chronic elevated temperature improved developmental time in mahi. Heart rate were 1.2-1.4-fold higher under exposure of elevated acute temperatures across development (Q10≥2.0). Q10 for heart rate in acute exposure was 1.8-fold higher compared to chronic exposure at 56 hpf. At same stage, stroke volume was temperature independent (Q10∼1.0). However, larvae displayed higher stroke volume later in stage. Cardiac output in developing mahi is mainly dictated by chronotropic rather than inotropic modulation, is differentially affected by temperature during development and is not linked to metabolic changes.
Optimized CUBIC protocol for 3D imaging of chicken embryos at single-cell resolution
Authors: Gómez-Gaviro María Victoria , Balaban Evan , Bocancea Diana , Lorrio María Teresa , Pompeiano María , Desco Manuel , Ripoll Jorge , Vaquero Juan José
Published: April 2017

The CUBIC tissue clearing protocol has been optimized to produce translucent immunostained whole chicken embryos and embryo brains. When combined with multispectral light sheet microscopy, the validated protocol presented here provides a rapid, inexpensive and reliable method for acquiring accurate histological images that preserve three-dimensional structural relationships with single-cell-level resolution in whole early-stage chicken embryos, and in the whole brains of late-stage embryos.
Actomyosin-based tissue folding requires a multicellular myosin gradient
Authors: Heer Natalie C. , Miller Pearson W. , Chanet Soline , Stoop Norbert , Dunkel Jörn , Martin Adam C.
Published: April 2017

Tissue folding promotes three-dimensional (3D) form during development. In many cases, folding is associated with myosin accumulation at the apical surface of epithelial cells, as seen in the vertebrate neural tube and the Drosophila ventral furrow. This type of folding is characterized by constriction of apical cell surfaces, and the resulting cell shape change is thought to cause tissue folding. Here, we use quantitative microscopy to measure the pattern of transcription, signaling, myosin activation and cell shape in the Drosophila mesoderm. We found that cells within the ventral domain accumulate different amounts of active apical non-muscle myosin 2 depending on the distance from the ventral midline. This gradient in active myosin depends on a newly quantified gradient in upstream signaling proteins. A 3D continuum model of the embryo with induced contractility demonstrates that contractility gradients, but not contractility per se, promote changes to surface curvature and folding. As predicted by the model, experimental broadening of the myosin domain in vivo disrupts tissue curvature where myosin is uniform. Our data argue that apical contractility gradients are important for tissue folding.
Embryonic cholecystitis and defective gallbladder contraction in the Sox17-haploinsufficient mouse model of biliary atresia
Authors: Higashiyama Hiroki , Ozawa Aisa , Sumitomo Hiroyuki , Uemura Mami , Fujino Ko , Igarashi Hitomi , Imaimatsu Kenya , Tsunekawa Naoki , Hirate Yoshikazu , Kurohmaru Masamichi , Saijoh Yukio , Kanai-Azuma Masami , Kanai Yoshiakira
Published: April 2017

The gallbladder excretes cytotoxic bile acids into the duodenum through the cystic duct and common bile duct system. Sox17 haploinsufficiency causes biliary atresia-like phenotypes and hepatitis in late organogenesis mouse embryos, but the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. In this study, transcriptomic analyses revealed the early onset of cholecystitis in Sox17+/− embryos, together with the appearance of ectopic cystic duct-like epithelia in their gallbladders. The embryonic hepatitis showed positive correlations with the severity of cholecystitis in individual Sox17+/− embryos. Embryonic hepatitis could be induced by conditional deletion of Sox17 in the primordial gallbladder epithelia but not in fetal liver hepatoblasts. The Sox17+/− gallbladder also showed a drastic reduction in sonic hedgehog expression, leading to aberrant smooth muscle formation and defective contraction of the fetal gallbladder. The defective gallbladder contraction positively correlated with the severity of embryonic hepatitis in Sox17+/− embryos, suggesting a potential contribution of embryonic cholecystitis and fetal gallbladder contraction in the early pathogenesis of congenital biliary atresia.
Medical student research at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center: increasing research participation with a summer research program
Authors: Dufour Jannette , Gregorcyk Ernestine , Berk Steven
Published: April 2017

Background: Medical student participation in research is important to increase their understanding of clinical and biomedical research. In addition, it is becoming increasingly important for medical students to have research experience for acceptance into highly competitive residency programs. In 2009, 39.7% of medical students graduating from Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine reported research participation. This was well below the national average of 58%, as reported in the 2009 Mission Management Tool (MMT). Therefore, our goal was to use a medical student summer research program to increase medical student participation in research to at least the national average.Methods: Data from the summer research program, Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) MMT, and AAMC Graduate Questionnaire (GQ) were used to assess the success of the program from its initiation in 2010 until 2016.Results: For the summer of 2010, a student summer research program was created. Since that time the number of medical students participating in the program has increased from 18.5% in 2010 to 51.9% in 2016. Consistently there has been an increase in the percentage of students who, at graduation, report research participation from 55.1% in 2010 to 74.5% in 2016. This is above the national average of 74.1% as reported in the 2016 AAMC GQ.Conclusion: A medical student summer research program can increase student research particpiation.
Investigation of university students’ problematic usage of mobile phone in the context of personality
Üniversite öğrencilerinde cep telefonunun problemli kullanımının kişilik bağlamında incelenmesi
Authors: Kutlu Mustafa , Pamuk Mustafa
Published: April 2017

Aim of this study is to examine problematic usage of mobile phone in the context of big five personality among university students. 103 male and 182 female, totally 285 university students who were from different Departments of Faculty of Education composed participants of the study in the spring period 2015-2016 academic year. Problematic mobile phone usage scale (PMPUS) and Quick Big Five Personality Test (QBFPT) were applied to 285 students, who were participants of the study. To analyse these data, Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient, Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficients, skewness, kurtosis, t test, and multiple regression were used. According to results obtained from the study, there was no significant difference between male and female in relation to problematic usage of mobile phone. Furthermore, agreeableness, extraversion, and openness to experience didn’t statistically predict to problematic usage of mobile phone, but conscientiousness and emotional stability statistically did. Discussion and some suggestions have been made based on the findings. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin cep telefonlarını problemli kullanma davranışlarını beş büyük kişilik bağlamında incelemektir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 2015-2016 Eğitim-Öğretim sezonunun bahar döneminde Eğitim Fakültesi’nde öğrenim görmekte olan 103’ü erkek, 182’si kadın olan toplamda 285 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarına üniversite öğrencileri için problemli cep telefonu kullanım ölçeği (PCTKÖ) ve hızlı büyük beşli kişilik testi (HBBKT) uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde Pearson Korelasyon Katsayısı, iç tutarlılığa ilişkin güvenirlik katsayısını hesaplamak için Cronbach Alpha katsayıları, basıklık ve çarpıklık değerleri, cep telefonunun problemli kullanımının cinsiyete göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını belirlemek için t testi ve son olarak da beş kişilik faktörünün cep telefonunun problemli kullanımını yordayıp yordamadığına ilişkin çoklu regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuca göre, cep telefonunun problemli kullanımı cinsiyete göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılığın olmadığı bulunmuştur. Ayrıca uyumluluk, dışadönüklük ve deneyime açıklık kişilik faktörlerinin cep telefonunun problemli kullanımını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde yordamadığı; ancak duygusal denge ve sorumluluk kişilik faktörlerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde yordadığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara dayalı olarak önerilerde bulunulmuş ve tartışılmıştır.
Cavitation erosion degradation of Belzona®coatings
Authors: Bolewski Ł. , Szkodo M. , Kmieć M.
Published: April 2017

In hydrocarbon and maritime industry there is a constant need of materials and coatings withstanding severe conditions. One of adverse phenomena present there is cavitation erosion. The paper presents evaluation of cavitation resistance of three different steel coatings. Belzona 2141 (ACR-Fluid Elastormer), 1321 (Ceramic S-Steal) and 5831 (ST-Barrier) were deployed on P110 steel and subjected to ultrasound cavitation in distilled water and drilling mud environment. According to mass loss measurements Belzona 2141 shows superior performance comparing to two other coatings and bare p110 steel surface. This is due to its high elasticity comparing to steel.
Behavior of triplex steel containing different aluminum content
Authors: Masoud M. I. , Tashkandi M. , Al-Jarrah J. , Farahat A. I. Z.
Published: April 2017

Medium-carbon alloy steels containing different aluminum contents were hot forged by 95% reduction at 1200°C followed by air cooling. Optical and scanning electron microscopes were used to investigate the morphologies of the different phases present. An austentizing process followed by water quenching (after hot forging) was carried out to obtain different hardness values. The intensity of the different planes was investigated using X-ray diffraction. The mechanical properties were characterized using tensile and hardness tests. Optical and scanning electron micrographs revealed a great effect of aluminum content on the steel properties. A matrix of bainite and pearlite and traces of ferrite was revealed for hot forged steel type 1 containing 1% Al. Steel type 2 containing 2% Al showed a matrix of pearlite and ferrite with the absence of bainite. The hardness increased with increasing the temperature to a maximum value then decreased for steel containing 1 and 2% aluminum. After austentizing at 925°C, the maximum hardness of 649Hv was recorded for hot forged steel type 2 of 2% aluminum, while steel type 1 of 1% aluminum showed a maximum hardness of 531Hv after austentizing at 1000°C. Thus, the maximum hardness of hot forged steels decreased with increasing aluminum content. In addition, the maximum tensile and yield strength were decreased by increasing the aluminum content in the steel. The changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of these steels could be explained by the effect of aluminum as a ferrite forming element.
Optimal design of a composite propellant formulation using response surface methodology
Authors: Hamed J. O. , Ogunleye O. O. , Osheku C. A.
Published: April 2017

There is a continuous demand for high performance composite propellant formulations to meet mission requirements. The performance of composite propellant formulations can be enhanced by optimizing propellant formulation. However, the main objective of this study is to formulate a composition for composite propellant by optimizing the specific impulse which is the measure of propellant performance. A central composite design (ccd) consisting five ingredients (ammonium nitrate, powdered aluminum, polyester resin, ammonium dichromate and powdered charcoal) at five levels was used to formulate optimum propellant formulation from composite materials of ammonium nitrate based propellant verified for propellant characteristics using propellant performance evaluation programme (propep 3). The responses evaluated are specific impulse, characteristic velocity, density, temperature and molecular weight. Response surface methodology was used to analyze the results of the ccd of the composite formulations. The optimum values for specific impulse, characteristic velocity, density, temperature and molecular weight of the mixture from the surface plot are 212.178 s, 1335.81 m/s, 1640.6 k g/m3, 1968.73 k and 21.7722 g/mol respectively. The optimum predicted specific impulse was 212.178 s at composite composition of 73.61% ammonium nitrate, 4.36% powdered aluminum, 14.39% polyester resin, 5.10% ammonium dichromate and 2.54% powdered charcoal. The propellant optimum composition validated with propep 3 are in good agreement with each other in their accompany propellant characteristics. Therefore, the optimal propellant formulation enhanced the performance of solid propellants.
Application of metric entropy for results interpretation of composite materials mechanical tests
Authors: Garbacz G. , Kyzioł L.
Published: April 2017

In this paper the results of mechanical studies of the Aropol 536 composite on the epoxy-resin base are described. The aim of the studies was to measure elastic-plastic changes in the composite during its deformation. The obtained results were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Sinai metric entropy. The entropy was computed applying phase portraits reconstructed from a phase plane using delayed coordinates. Resolution of the particular experimental setup limits the number of the acquired data points, i.e., from several to tens of thousands of points and it has significant influence on accuracy of the obtained results. In conclusion, in the tested composites elastic-plastic deformations are periodic and repeat in a distinctive way in a wide range of deformations of the sample. Deformation of the elastic-plastic composite are associated with its complex structure and studies of its mechanical properties require more advanced methods such as use of Kolmogorov-Sinai metric entropy.
Peculiarities of Zigzag Behaviour in Linear Models of Ship Yaw Motion
Authors: Artyszuk Jarosław
Published: April 2017

The present survey, as part of larger project, is devoted to properties of pure linear models of yaw motion for directionally stable ships, of the first- and second-order, sometimes referred to as the Nomoto models. In rather exhaustive way, it exactly compares and explains both models in that what is being lost in the zigzag behaviour, if the reduction to the simpler, first-order dynamics (K-T model) is attempted with the very famous [Nomoto et al., 1957] approximation: T = T1 + T2 - T3. The latter three time constants of the second-order model, more physically sound, are strictly dependent on the hydrodynamic coefficients of an essential part of the background full-mission manoeuvring model. The approximation of real ship behaviour in either of the mentioned linearity orders, and the corresponding complex parameters may facilitate designing and evaluating ship steering, and identifying some regions of advanced nonlinear models, where linearisation is valid.

As a novel outcome of the conducted investigation, a huge inadequacy of such a first- -order model for zigzag simulation is reported. If this procedure is used for determining steering quality indices, those would be of course inadequate, and the process of utilizing them (e.g. autopilot) inefficient.
Algorithms of Position and Velocity Estimation in GPS Receivers
Authors: Kaniewski Piotr , Gil Rafał , Konatowski Stanisław
Published: April 2017

Processing of signals in Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers includes numerous signal and data operations leading to calculation of coordinates and velocities of satellites in global Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed (ECEF) frame of reference as well as pseudoranges and delta-ranges between the user and all the tracked GPS satellites. Further processing of these data consists in estimation of the user’s position, velocity and time (PVT) and nowadays it is usually realized by means of an Extended Kalman Filters (EKF). The choice of measuring data processed by the Kalman filter significantly influences the accuracy of navigation solution. In simpler GPS receivers, the estimation of user’s position and velocity is based on pseudoranges only, whereas in more advanced ones delta-ranges are also applied. The paper describes both possible solutions and compares the accuracy of estimation of the user’s position and velocity in both cases. The comparison is based on simulation results, which are included in the paper.
Global Satellite Navigation Systems at High Latitudes, Visibility and Geometry
Authors: Januszewski Jacek
Published: April 2017

Since few years the significance of the navigation at high latitudes (60° and more), increases incessantly, e.g. northern passages between Atlantic and Pacific Waters. In these regions the user’s position can be obtained mainly from global satellite navigation systems (SNS). Nowadays (September 2016) two systems, American GPS and Russian GLONASS, are fully operational, two next, Galileo in Europe and BeiDou in China, are under construction. As the error of user’s position obtained from these systems depends on geometry factor DOP (Dilution Of Precision) among other things the knowledge of the number of satellites visible by this user above given masking elevation angle Hmin and the distributions of DOP coefficient values, GDOP in particular, is very important. The lowest and the greatest number of satellites visible in open area by the user at high latitudes for different Hmin, the percentage of satellites visible above angle H, distributions of satellites azimuths and GDOP coefficient values for different Hmin for all these four SNSs at different user’s latitudes (beginning from 60°) and other distributions are presented in the paper. All calculations were made for constellation of BeiDou 27 MEO satellites, Galileo 24 satellites, GLONASS 24 and GPS 31 satellites.
Architecture of Maritime Awareness System Supplied with External Information
Authors: Stróżyna Milena , Małyszko Jacek , Węcel Krzysztof , Filipiak Dominik , Abramowicz Witold
Published: April 2017

In this paper, we discuss a software architecture, which has been developed for the needs of the System for Intelligent Maritime Monitoring (SIMMO). The system bases on the state-of-the-art information fusion and intelligence analysis techniques, which generates an enhanced Recognized Maritime Picture and thus supports situation analysis and decision- making. The SIMMO system aims to automatically fuse an up-to-date maritime data from Automatic Identification System (AIS) and open Internet sources. Based on collected data, data analysis is performed to detect suspicious vessels. Functionality of the system is realized in a number of different modules (web crawlers, data fusion, anomaly detection, visualization modules) that share the AIS and external data stored in the system’s database. The aim of this article is to demonstrate how external information can be leveraged in maritime awareness system and what software solutions are necessary. A working system is presented as a proof of concept.
Analysis of Sea Accidents (2002–2015)
Authors: Dyrcz Czesław
Published: April 2017

In the paper the issue of maritime safety is presented. Most of the modern world trade is carried by sea, where maritime safety plays a key role. The article also presents the analysis of marine casualties at the beginning of the 21st century, covering the years 2002-2015. Apparent systematic steady decline in accidents and total losses of vessels is the result of improved maritime safety.
Application for Simulating Gyro-Compass Behavior
Authors: Jaskólski Krzysztof
Published: April 2017

Resolution of International Maritime Organization (IMO Res. A.424 (XI)), International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS V/19.2.5) and consequently ‘Provisions Survey of Ships Marine’, part V, contained in the Polish Register of Shipping impose an obligation to fit ships with gyro-compass as one of the most complex marine equipment has found in the curricula of seafarers at the operational level (IMO Model Course 7.03). Curriculum involves the use real navigation devices. In addition, the adaptation of teaching facilities to meet the needs of the training process often requires the development of educational aids in the form of simulators and applications that represent the construction and operation of navigation devices. The article presents possibilities of the application - gyro-compass simulator developed for the requirements of the Institute of Navigation and Maritime Hydrography PNA. Among others, the program is used to simulate the conditions in which you can expect the occurrence of different types of gyro-compass deviation. Designed software is expected to improve the educational process, to help the students assimilate the content of the curriculum in the field of classic gyro-compasses and familiarize trainees with static and dynamic errors occurring with the change of operating conditions.
Estimation of Effective Swath Width for Dual-Head Multibeam Echosounder
Authors: Grządziel Artur , Wąż Mariusz
Published: April 2017

Many surveying companies and maritime institutions are now using multibeam systems for their operations, either offshore or in coastal and inland waters. Since the time the first multibeam echosounder appeared (late 1970s) the technology has advanced enormously. Modern systems now boast far greater angular coverage (typically 120°-150°) and form hundreds of beams. Dual-head multibeam systems can potentially cover the entire sector (180°) underneath the ship. However surveyors must be aware that the outer beams of these acoustic systems return the most errors causing that the effective swath width is shorter than what the manufacturers declare. The paper presents the methods of estimating of effective (usable) swath width of dual-head multibeam echosounder EM 3002D. Results of the hydrographic survey performed by the polish navy survey ship ORP ‘Arctowski’ have been showed in the article.
Automatic Determination of Car Movement Parameters Based On Image Detection
Authors: Marchel Łukasz
Published: April 2017

This article presents alternative way of distance measurement to the preceding vehicle. Investigations were conducted for the purpose of assessing the possibility of using automatic determination of a car plate size in a photograph picture, and basing on that computing range to a vehicle. The first part describes the research methodology relating to angular measurements made with a still camera, The second part includes the method employed to automatically detect area occupied by a registration plate in a picture of a vehicle. The final part contains the mechanism of calculating distance to a car and the results of the investigation which justify using described method as a tool for range measurement.
Jamming as a Threat to Navigation
Authors: Świerczyński Sławomir , Zwolan Piotr , Rutkowska Ilona
Published: April 2017

The whole world is dependent on satellite systems as they are used in almost all fields of economic and social life, in transport, banking, industry, agriculture, etc. Thanks to the development of technology, most smartphones used everyday have been equipped with a built-in GNSS receiver, many cars with navigation systems and all vessels with GNSS receiver or a satellite compass for navigation. Systems working on similar frequencies can be used for jamming or spoofing satellite systems. Such purposeful system jamming can be damaging to users and society as a whole. This article includes a description of jamming and a presentation of one of possible receiver designs allowing for jamming signal detection. This receiver has been designed and built by the authors of the article.
The GNSS System Application in the LPV-200 Landing Approach Procedure. Part I : Approach to Practical Verification
Authors: Grzegorzewski Marek , Śliwak Karol Krzysztof
Published: April 2017

Current RNAV GNSS approach procedures are widely used in Europe and worldwide. The development of the GNSS systems as well as the study and control of satellite signals result in the increasing number of approach types with increasingly higher demands and lower operating minimums. LPV-200 is the precision approach with the most stringent requirements, and operational minimums of up to 200ft. For the purposes of Part I of this paper static measurements were performed in order to compare the signal characteristics with ICAO requirements. On the basis of the measurements′ results, it can be assumed that, within the analyzed period of time, the GNSS signal at the airport in Dęblin only partially met the requirements set for LPV-200 approaches. The data collected were processed and analyzed using Matlab environment.
The Quantification of the Cartographic Information
Authors: Kołaczyński Stanisław
Published: April 2017

The article contains methods for conducting and results of research on the optimization of the navigation charts scale. The methodology is based on the principles of information theory. The basis for the calculation were the data read from the Polish charts. Certain been recommended optimal scales of the navigation charts.
Giant Tonsil Teratoma
Authors: Dinca D.
Published: April 2017

The case presented is one extremely rare of giant tonsil teratoma with oropharynx localization, with palatine left tonsil origin, inducing respiratory failure, swallowing and phonetic disorders.

This paper is based in a study case of a giant tonsil pediculous teratoma with slow evolution, with tolerancy, due to some diagnosis errors, developing respiratory failure and swallowing difficulties.
Postoperative Comparison In Open Vs. Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair In Obese Patients
Authors: Dogaru Iuliana , Avram M. , Gherghinoiu M. , Morosan V. , Ciufu N. , Vinca Alina Ioana , Hritcu M. D.
Published: April 2017

Introduction: Obesity is an important problem in our society. Recent studies shows that laparoscopic ventral hernia repair has advantages in obese patients comparing with the standard open approach. This study wants to compare length of stay (LOS), hospitalization costs (HC) and operative time (OT) in laparoscopic and open ventral hernia repair.

Methods: A retrospective study of obese patients (BMI>30kg/m2) that underwent ventral hernia repair between 2014 and 2015 were included. We compared demographics, hernia size, OT, LOS, HC between the two approaches.

Results: 100 patients with ventral hernia repair were included, 11 had laparoscopic approach (11%). Laparoscopy was performed only in elective surgery and for small defects. The operation time was almost the same (119.09 vs.118.87 min). The length of stay was significantly longer in open approach (8.53 vs. 2.9 days) and hospitalization costs were higher for laparoscopic repair.

Conclusions: Laparoscopy offers a better length of stay, but the costs remains higher for this approach.
The Role Of Fibroscan In Detecting Hepatic Fibrosis Induced By Methotrexate
Authors: Iliescu Madalina , Craciun R. L. , Stavar Angelica Nela
Published: April 2017

Introduction: Liver represents the main place of drug metabolisation. Drugs and toxic substances reach the level of liver after absorption at gastro-intestinal level. Drug hepatotoxicity represents an important chapter of iatrogenic pathology, because the hepatic lesions induced by drugs include extremely diverse clinical, biological and histological expressions that can take the aspect of any form of acute or chronic hepatobiliary disease. Hepatic lesions induced by drugs (LHIM) represent a histological and/or biochemical alteration caused and attributed to the consumption of a drug. Hepatic elastography (Fibroscan) represents a noninvasive method of quantification of hepatic fibrosis.

Material and method: We carried out a retrospective study and longitudinally prospective study that included a set of patients under treatment with Methotrexate, amounting to 76, divided into 2 subsets: a subset consisting of patients with hepatitis to Methotrexate, subset 1, of 23 patients, a subset of patients under treatment with Methotrexate but with normal hepatic samples, subset b, of 53 patients.

Results: We carried out fibroscan at all the patients treated with Methotrexate, obtaining a medium score of fibrosis of 6.23 for the subset a with hepatitis at Methotrexate and of 5.33 for the subset b with normal hepatic samples. We made a correlation between the cumulated dose of Methotrexate and the change of hepatic samples.

Conclusions: There is a significant correlation between hepatic fibrosis induced by Methotrexate and the cumulated dose of Methotrexate. The possibility of utilization of fibroscan which is a completely painless method, reproducible, for the monitoring of the treatment with Methotrexate both at patients with changed values of the hepatic tests as weir as those with normal values must be considered.
Synovial fluid white cell count and histopathological examination of periprosthetic tissue samples (frozen and permanent sections) in the diagnosis of prosthetic knee infection
Authors: Obada B. , Iliescu Mădălina , Serban Al. O. , Tecu Camelia , Nicolau Anca
Published: April 2017

The aim of the study was to determine prospectively the importance of synovial fluid white cell count and intraoperative frozen and permanent sections analysis (number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes per high-power field) in the diagnosis of septic total knee arthroplasty. There were studied prospectively 72 patients who needed a revision total knee arthroplasty between 2013-2015. 30 patients were diagnosed with prosthetic joint infection due to high rates of ESR (93%) and CRP (90%) and preoperative positive culture from aspirated synovial fluid and 42 patients were considered to have aseptic failure according to negative preoperative culture from joint aspirate. For all the patients was analysed synovial fluid white cell count and histopathological aspect of intraoperative frozen and permanent sections of periprosthetic tissue. The results showed a median value of 13800 of sinovial white cells count for infected knee and 92 for noninfected knee. 90% of the patients with joint infection had more than 5 polymorphonuclear leukocytes per high power field on intraoperative frozen sections and 83% on permanent sections. None of the patients from aseptic group had more than 5 polymorphonuclear leukocytes per field on permanent sections. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level can be supplemented with cultures of aspirated joint fluid and fluid white cell count to confirm the diagnosis of periprosthetic infection. When the preoperative diagnosis remain unclear, the histological examination of frozen or permanent sections of periprosthetic tissue with at least 5 polymorphonuclear leukocytes per high power field, is predictive for the presence of infection.
Efficacy Of Pegylated Interferon And Ribavirin Treatment In Coinfected HIV HCV Patients
Authors: Dumitru Irina Magdalena , Dumitru Eugen , Tuta Liliana Ana , Rugina Sorin
Published: April 2017

The objectives of the study were to determine the efficacy of pegylated interferon alfa 2 b (PegINF) and ribavirin (RBV) treatment in co-infected HIV / HCV patients, to identify predictive factors associated with sustained viral response (SVR) in these patients. Out of the 956 HIV infected patients, 38 were HCVAb (4%) positive, 14 of which had undetectable HCV RNA, only 6 patients met the inclusion criteria. Screening failure was due to: liver cirrhosis Child Pugh B / C, hepatocellular carcinoma, pulmonary TB, thyroid dysfunction, CD4 <200 cells3, detectable HIV RNA and depressive syndrome. We initiated PegINF and RBV therapy for 48 weeks. SVR was achieved in 16.6% of cases (only one patient) and correlated with HCV RNA level, CD4 count, duration of HIV infection, CDC classification and liver fibrosis. In conclusion, our study group has a low prevalence of HIV / HCV co-infection (2.6%) with a large number of patients HCVAb positive but undetectable HCV RNA. Positive predictive factors for SVR were: low levels of HCV RNA, small duration of HIV infection, high levels of CD4, B1/B2 (CDC classification) and low degree of fibrosis.
Analyses Of Research For Understanding The Problems Of Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Catrinoiu Doina , Craciun L. R. , Cristea Sorina-Alina
Published: April 2017

In spite of advances in the management of diabetes mellitus, late complications still represent a problem. Research suggests that improved metabolic control, including the change of lifestyle, which requires the patient’s own willingness and ability to adapt, could limit those complications. This article is intended to provide the background to a long-term research programme designed to gain a deeper understanding of diabetic patients′ perspectives in their attempt to adapt. It uses the experiences of further groups of diabetic patients, in an attempt to show the usefulness of a cumulative approach towards the building up of a theoretical framework.

Aims of study

This study aims to:

1. give a background to a long-term qualitative theory generating study concerning patients' experiences of managing diabetes.

2. argue that diabetic patients (and nursing as a discipline) might benefit from qualitative research with a focus on the patients’ perspective.
Weak and Strong Superiorization: Between Feasibility-Seeking and Minimization
Authors: Censor Yair
Published: April 2017

We review the superiorization methodology, which can be thought of, in some cases, as lying between feasibility-seeking and constrained minimization. It is not quite trying to solve the full edged constrained minimization problem; rather, the task is to find a feasible point which is superior (with respect to an objective function value) to one returned by a feasibility-seeking only algorithm. We distinguish between two research directions in the superiorization methodology that nourish from the same general principle: Weak superiorization and strong superiorization and clarify their nature.
Water ow on vegetated hill. 1D shallow water equation type model
Authors: Ion Stelian , Marinescu Dorin , Ion Anca Veronica , Cruceanu Stefan Gicu , Iordache Virgil
Published: April 2017

A mathematical model for the water ow on a hill covered by variable distributed vegetation is proposed in this article. The model takes into account the variation of the geometrical properties of the terrain surface, but it assumes that the surface exhibits large curvature radius. After describing some theoretical properties for this model, we introduce a simplified model and a well-balanced numerical approximation scheme for it. Some mathematical properties with physical relevance are discussed and finally, some numerical results are presented.
Measuring the Hemodynamic Flow in the Brachial-Ulnar-Radial Arterial System
Authors: Morega Alexandru M. , Săvăstru Cristina , Morega Mihaela
Published: April 2017

Cardiovascular investigations start with the arterial blood pressure measurement and the easiest and accessible approach takes the recording of the systolic and diastolic pressure levels by a sphygmomanometer, usually during compression of the upper arm, or the wrist (same level as the heart), on the path of the brachial artery. More information on arterial hemodynamic, beyond blood pressure monitoring, could result from investigations based on the pulse wave analysis, like applanation tonometry, which is based on pressure sensed on the arm’s surface, at several observation points along the brachial tree.

The reactivity and the accuracy of the sensors depend on their design; capacitive and piezoelectric sensors are good candidates for this task. Based on numerical analysis, the work presented here evaluates the usage of applanation tonometry data for the investigation of hemodynamic parameters and examines some technical and medical aspects of the method. The multiphysics numerical model assembles three different problems: hemodynamic flow, structural deformation of the arm and generation of electricity through deformable sensors.
Solute transport in aquifers with evolving scale heterogeneity
Authors: Suciu N. , Attinger S. , Radu F. A. , Vamoș C. , Vanderborght J. , Vereecken H. , Knabner P.
Published: April 2017

Transport processes in groundwater systems with spatially heterogeneous properties often exhibit anomalous behavior. Using first-order approximations in velocity fluctuations we show that anomalous superdiffusive behavior may result if velocity fields are modeled as superpositions of random space functions with correlation structures consisting of linear combinations of short-range correlations. In particular, this corresponds to the superposition of independent random velocity fields with increasing integral scales proposed as model for evolving scale heterogeneity of natural porous media [Gelhar, L. W. Water Resour. Res. 22 (1986), 135S-145S]. Monte Carlo simulations of transport in such multi-scale fields support the theoretical results and demonstrate the approach to superdiffusive behavior as the number of superposed scales increases.
Survey analysis of soil physicochemical factors that influence the distribution of Cordyceps in the Xiahe Region of Gansu Province
Authors: He Shuling , Ma Lingfa , Zhao Kentian , Yang Jingjun , Chang Yuwei
Published: April 2017

In this paper, we studied the influence of soil physicochemical factors on the distribution of Cordyceps. We found that in the soil layers at different depths, the differences in pH values, total N (TN), total P (TP), available P (AP) and available K (AK) were not significant, but the differences in soil water content (WC), soil organic matter (OM), hydrolysable nitrogen (HN) and AK were significant. In the 5-10 cm layer, WC, pH and TP were significant factors that influence the distribution of Cordyceps - the number of Cordyceps was the largest and the characterization of the Cordyceps was also the best. TP was an important factor for the first principle component of the soil physicochemical properties that influenced the population distribution of Cordyceps. pH value was an important factor for the the second principal component of the soil physicochemical properties that influenced population distribution, and WC was an important factor for the third principal component, the soil physicochemical properties. This demonstrates that the requirement of Cordyceps for specific ranges of WC, soil acidity-alkalinity and AP in soil layers is very high.
Evaluating new HbA1c methods for adoption by the IFCC and NGSP reference networks using international quality targets
Authors: Lenters-Westra Erna , English Emma
Published: April 2017

Background:

As a reference laboratory for HbA

Methods:

The effect of hemoglobin variants, other potential interferences and the performance in comparison to both the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) and the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) reference systems was assessed using certified evaluation protocols.

Results:

Each of the evaluated HbA

Conclusions:

All three methods performed well and are suitable for clinical application in the analysis of HbA