bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polarization and Compromise
Authors: Schnell Frauke
Published: October 2022

This research attempts to explain the sources of abortion attitudes among individuals. The proposed model moves beyond a single value-attitude formulation to a consideration of the interrelationship among core values. The result of holding equally strong and conflicted values relevant to the issue is a decrease in the strength with which abortion attitudes are held. Support for the theoretical framework comes from a survey (N=437). The results indicate that the various components of attitude strength appear to be sufficiently independent dimensions of involvement with the abortion issue, and conflict between relevant core values is associated with a decrease in attitude strength for most of the attitude strength measures.
Realism, Institutions, and Neutrality
Authors: Austin Daniel A.
Published: October 2022

Realism posits power as the key component of international relations. In contrast, Institutionalism looks to norms and customs as the primary buses of world politics. Yet both theories frequently fall short in explaining major international events. This article considers the institution of neutrality as an example of how norms exert a stabilizing influence in international relations. On the other hand, the failure to observe norms often results in instability, and in extreme cases, can lead to war. When this point is reached, the use of force may be the only means to restore a stable balance of power. By drawing on both Realist and Institutionalist theories, a richer explanation of international life can be found.
A New Democratic Era?
Authors: Beachler Donald W.
Published: October 2022

This article examines changes in general elections in Pennsylvania from 1984 to 1996. The county level vote of New Democrat Bill Clinton is compared with that of traditional Democrats, Walter Mondale and Michael Dukakis. Clinton won Pennsylvania by gaining votes in the traditionally Republican suburban counties around Philadelphia. Compared to that of previous Democratic presidential candidates, Clinton's percentage of the vote actually declined in the Democratic counties of western Pennsylvania.
New records of megachilid bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) for Colombia
Authors: Guevara Diego A. , Ospina-Torres Rodulfo , Gonzalez Victor H.
Published: October 2022

The bee family Megachilidae consists of solitary species, some of which are important pollinators of cultivated plants. Although literature records indicate the existence of about 50 species of 10 genera of megachilid bees in Colombia, taxonomic studies are lacking and thus limited information is available on their identity as well as their distribution in the country. Herein, we provide new geographical records for the following ten species: Anthidium sanguinicaudum Schwarz, Chelostomoides otomita (Cresson), Hoplostelis bilineolata (Spinola), Megachile amparo Gonzalez, M. kalina Gonzalez et al., M. lorenziensis Mitchell, M. moderata Smith, M. simillima Smith, Pseudomegachile lanata (Fabricius), and Stelis costaricensis Friese. We report M. kalina for the first time for the country.
New records of Harpacticoids (Crustacea, Copepoda) from a coastal system of northern Colombia
Authors: Fuentes-Reinés Juan M. , Suárez-Morales Eduardo , Eslava-Eljaiek Pedro , Serna-Macias Daniel , Suárez-Rivero Deivis
Published: October 2022

Three species of harpacticoids are herein recorded from the zooplankton of Rodadero beach, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia. Samples were collected from the littoral zone, mainly at inshore areas covered by mangrove vegetation and in an adjacent oyster bank. One of them, Laophonte cornuta Philippi, 1840 is new to the Colombian harpacticoid fauna, the other two species: Distioculus minor (Scott T., 1894) and Microsetella norvegica (Boeck, 1865) are new reports to the Magdalena department. This is the first illustrated record confirming their presence in Colombia and Magdalena, northern Colombia. Comparative morphological comments and illustrations of these species are also provided to document this report.
Numerical simulation of an unsteady flow in a hydraulic system with a cavitat-ing ring plate
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Pylypenko O.V. , Petrushenko N.V. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Kvasha Yu.A. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: October 2022

This paper addresses the construction of an efficient mathematical model to be used in the numerical simulation of unsteady liquid flows in hydraulic systems with cavitating restrictors. Existing approaches to cavitation simulation are based either on accounting for a two-phase flow structure or on representing a cavitating flow as a homogeneous medium of variable density. In the latter case, the pressure and the density are related via the barotropic equation of liquid–vapor mixture state. The goal of this work is to verify the applicability of a cavitation model based on the barotropic equation of liquid–vapor mixture state to the numerical simulation of an unsteady flow in a hydraulic system with a cavitating ring plate. The method employed is a numerical flow simulation in the axisymmetric approximation using the complete averaged Navier–Stokes equations. It is shown that the use of the barotropic equation of liquid–vapor mixture state provides a satisfactory agreement between the computed results and the experimental data available in the literature. In agreement are the peak-to-valley values of the oscillating pressure on the pipe wall immediately downstream of the cavitating ring plate and the presence of a pronounced periodic component in the pressure vs. time relationship. It is shown that the parameters of the unsteady flow downstream of the cavitating ring plate vary when going from the ring plate to the cavity collapse location: the peak-to-valley value of the oscillating pressure on the pipe wall increases and so does the contribution of high-frequency periodic components to the pressure vs. time relationship. It seems desirable that the turbulence model employed be refined further to correctly simulate cavitation oscillations generated by periodically detached cavitation in Venturi tubes, which are used in various cavitation pulse plants.
Simulation of the effect of an annular inclusion on stress concentration near an elongated elliptical opening in a spherical shell
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Hudramovich V.S. , Hart E.L. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Marchenko O.A. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: October 2022

Shell structures are widely used in various branches of technology and industry due to a combination of a high strength and a relatively light weight. In the majority of cases, actual structures have openings for manufacturing or design reasons, thus leading to a sharp increase in local stresses and, as a result, to a decrease in the strength and reliability of the structure as a whole. That is why reducing stress concentration in thin-walled structural elements is an important and topical problem in deformable body mechanics. This paper presents the results of a computer simulation and finite-element analysis of the stress and strain field of a thin-walled spherical shell with an elongated elliptical opening and an annular inclusion that surrounds the opening at a certain distance therefrom. The effect of the geometrical and mechanical parameters of the inclusion and its distance from the opening contour on the concentration of the stress and strain field parameters of the shell is studied. The stress and strain intensity distribution in the local stress concentration zones is obtained. It is shown that a rigid annular inclusion located at a certain distance from an opening allows one to reduce the stress concentration factor by nearly 27 percent with a proportional decrease in strain intensity in the vicinity of the opening. The elliptical opening elongation degree greatly affects the concentration of the stress and strain field parameters. If an opening is reinforced with a rigid annular inclusion immediately along its contour, the stress intensity in its vicinity increases, while the strain intensity decreases. The numerical calculations conducted show that surrounding an opening with a rigid annular inclusion located remotely therefrom reduces both the stress and the strain intensity in the vicinity of the opening. If an opening is reinforced immediately along its contour, a decrease in the maximum strain intensity is somewhat greater in comparison with the case where the rigid annual inclusion surrounding the opening is located at some distance therefrom. The use of specially selected and located reinforcements of elongated elliptical openings in spherical shells allows one to control the stress and strain intensity distribution and magnitude in the zones of local concentration of their stress and strain field parameters.
Prospects for the use of nitrogen-containing single-component rocket propellants
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Ponomarov O.M. , Dobrodomov O.O. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Kulyk O.V. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: October 2022

The goal of this work is to analyze the possibility of using existing monopropellant compositions based on aqueous solutions of high-energy nitrogen-containing substances as the main propellant for low-thrust engines, for example, for meteorological rockets, for upper-stage engines, and in spacecraft control engine systems. This paper presents an approach that considers the selection and justification of ingredients based on renewable energy sources, the analysis being carried out primarily from standpoint of the availability of propellant components and their safety and energy efficiency. It is proposed that the energy of unitary reducing agent – oxidizer chemical propellants (energy-saturated compositions) be used as an alternative source. The development of nonhydrocarbon nitrogen-containing alternative energy sources with the possibility of their conversion and accumulation into the planetary nitrogen, oxygen, and water cycles is an urgent problem. The paper presents detailed information on propellant mixtures of nitrogen-containing substances as oxidizers and considers a number of reducing agents, such as alcohols, amides, etc. in composition with high-energy additives (aluminum, magnesium). The calculated results obtained meet the objectives and demonstrate that the compositions considered can be used as the main propellant for low-thrust engines. The advantages of the new propellant technology: availability, a low cost, produceability, environmental friendliness, a relatively low toxicity, and, primarily, a simpler design of the propulsion system and launch equipment. The proposed propellant composition, which is under test, is planned for use in the sustainer engines of ultralight suborbital rockets with the possibility of further development to an orbital rocket system.
Calculation of the ion current to a conducting cylinder in a supersonic flow of a collisionless plasma
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Lazuchenkov D.N. , Lazuchenkov N.M. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: October 2022

The diagnostics of low-temperature plasma flows using cylindrical probes is based on the classical Langmuir relation for the ion current to a thin, in comparison with the Debye length, cylinder. The aim of this work is to study the applicability of the Langmuir relation for a cylinder whose radius exceeds the Debye length. The interaction of a conducting cylinder with a rarefied plasma flow was simulated numerically. The cylinder had a negative potential with respect to the plasma. Free molecular flow around the cylinder was simulated on the basis of a two-dimensional system of the Vlasov–Poisson equations. The electron-repulsing local equilibrium self-consistent electric field was calculated using the Poisson–Boltzmann model in the approximation of local equilibrium electrons and taking into account an electron sink on the cylinder surface in the central field approximation. The Vlasov equations for ions and the Poisson–Boltzmann equations for the self-consistent electric field were solved on nested grids by a finite-difference relaxation method with splitting by physical processes and using the method of characteristics. The reliability of the calculated results was confirmed by the solution of known model problems and a comparison with the results of other authors and the results of solving identical physical problems with the use of different mathematical models and methods. The ion current to a cylinder placed transversely to a plasma flow was calculated as a function of the cylinder potential, the ion velocity ratio, and the ratio of the characteristic dimension of the cylinder to the Debye length. From the calculated results, numerical estimates were obtained for the range of applicability of the classical Langmuir relation for the ion current to a cylinder whose radius exceeds the Debye length. The results obtained may be used in the diagnostics of supersonic flows of a low-temperature rarefied plasma.
Mathematical model of heat mass exchange in a channel with a nanofluid un-der nonuniform heating by a concentrated heat flux
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Borysenko A.H. , Knysh L.I. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: October 2022

This work is aimed at determining the expediency of using a nanofliud (a special suspension with nanoparticles) as a heat transfer agent for a parabolic trough solar plant. Adding nanoparticles to a base heat transfer agent intensifies convective heat exchange inside the channel, thus increasing the total heat efficiency of the receiver system. A refined nonlinear 3D mathematical model was developed to study heat-and-mass transfer in the receiver system of a parabolic trough solar plant that consist of a concentrator and a tube heat receiver with a nanofluid. In the mathematical model, the values of the nonuniform heat flux on the tube heat receiver surface are found by approximating numerical data obtained by the Monte Carlo method. This simplifies the classical coupled deterministic-statistical mathematical model and allows one to obtain a purely deterministic model solved by the finite volume method. The model also accounts for the thermal conductivity of the heat receiver wall, the actual ambient conditions, and the heat loss from the heat receiver surface. A numerical algorithm was developed to conduct numerical parametric studies on determining the temperature fields of Syltherm800/Al2O3 nanofluid heat transfer agent. This nanofluid is prepared from the traditional heat transfer agent of parabolic trough solar plants – Syltherm800 silicone oil – by adding aluminum oxide nanoparticles thereto. The numerical studies were conducted both for pure Syltherm800 oil and for Syltherm800/Al2O3 nanofluid with an Al2O3 nanoparticle concentration of 3, 5, and 8 per cent. This study is the first to find that the use of a nanofluid as a heat transfer agent for a parabolic trough solar plant produces a positive effect only in the case of the laminar flow of a nanofluid heat transfer agent with a high nanoparticle concentration. A verification of the obtained numerical data showed that they are in satisfactory agreement with experimental ones.
Узагальнена модель Друде–Лоренца та її застосування у металоплазмоніці
Authors: Chepilko N.M. , Ponomarenko S.A.
Published: October 2022

Узагальнено модель Друде–Лоренца на випадок плазмонiв у немагнiтних провiдниках, що знаходяться у статичних магнiтних H0 та електричних E0 полях iз врахуванням ефектiв просторової дисперсiї. Показано, що магнiтостатичне поле H0 та просторова дисперсiя формують два додатковi типи низькочастотних об’ємних плазмонiв, а дисперсiя всiх типiв об’ємних плазмонiв суттєво залежить вiд взаємної орiєнтацiї напряму їх розповсюдження ek та вектора магнiтостатичного поля H0. Що стосується поверхневих плазмонiв, то тут просторова дисперсiя приводить до двокомпонентної структури (в металi) їх електричного поля E, а зовнiшнє електростатичне поле E0 – до наведеної просторової дисперсiї, залежної вiд величини постiйної Холла Rp. У той самий час, орiєнтацiя магнiтостатичного поля H0 суттєво впливає на загальну дисперсiю поверхневих плазмонiв.
Characteristics of the Invariant Measure of the Strange Attractor of the Bacteria Mathematical Model
Authors: Grytsay V.
Published: October 2022

The bacteria metabolic process of open nonlinear dissipative system far from equilibrium point is modeled using classical methods of synergetics. The invariant measure and its convergence in the phase space of the system was obtained in strange attractor mode. The distribution of point density of trajectory intersection of phase space cells with maximum invariant measure and convergence in time of its average value was obtained. The result concluded is that the value of an invariant measure can be a characteristic of the transitional process of adaptation of cell metabolic process to change outside environment.
Impacts of Viscous Matter and Radiation on the Temporal Evolution of the Universe
Authors: Hakk E.A. , Nada A. , Tawfik A.N. , Yassin H.
Published: October 2022

We propose that the cosmic background is simply characterized by an equation of state of a relativistic fluid consisting of homogeneously and isotropically distributed single particle and single photon. Other components such as dark matter and dark energy (cosmological constant) are not taken into consideration. We assume that the expansion of the Universe is isotropic. Accordingly, the shear viscosity coefficient vanishes. We have derived expressions for the energy density and the bulk viscosity and found that both quantities largely increase with the inclusion of the photon. As for their temporal evolution, there is a rapid decrease in the early stages of the Universe. This seems to saturate at large co-moving time. We also found that the scale factor in non-viscous and viscous cosmic backgrounds is almost non-distinguishable in the early Universe. The latter suggest going beyond the standard cosmological model (SCM). The nonviscous cosmic background seems to have a scale factor larger than that of the viscous one. The result obtained for the temporal evolution of the Hubble parameter confirms the scale factor results. Namely, the distinguishability between non-viscous and viscous cosmic backgrounds is the largest in the early Universe.
Проблемні питання металоплазмоніки об’ємних поляритонів у магнітостатичному полі
Authors: Chepilko N.M. , Ponomarenko S.A.
Published: October 2022

Запропоновано метод, який формалiзує розв’язок задач електродинамiки об’ємних плазмон-поляритонiв, де виникає проблема з вибором додаткових граничних умов, незалежний вiд кiлькостi хвиль у їх електроннiй компонентi. Цей метод базується на використаннi оператора Грiна для хвильового рiвняння об’ємних плазмон-поляритонiв та теорiї лишкiв функцiй комплексної змiнної. У загальнiй постановцi задачi, використовуючи методи тензорної алгебри, знайдено матричнi коефiцiєнти вiдбиття та заломлення електромагнiтних хвиль на поверхнi металу у областi iснування об’ємних плазмон-поляритонiв. Побудовано оператор Грiна хвильового рiвняння об’ємних плазмон-поляритонiв у магнiтостатичному полi H0 та проаналiзовано їх дисперсiйнi “поверхнi” w = f(k, H0).
Unseen beauty
Authors: Guerreiro Vitor
Published: October 2022

The experience of beauty is no less mysterious for the aesthetician today than it was in the Middle Ages. Here I focus on the notion of ‘unseen beauty’ and how certain aspects of medieval philosophizing about the nature of beauty can still be of use for the contemporary aesthetician. I draw a comparison between some concepts that pervade the whole of the Medieval period – that there is a transcendent source of visible beauty, and that visible beauties function as images of the invisible beauty – with a modern conception of aesthetic experience, as it is expressed in authors like Clive Bell.
The other sheep, resistant but forgotten: Archetypal characterization of Linca sheep farmers in Argentine Patagonia
Authors: Reising Carlos Aden , Lanari María Rosa , Ladio Ana H.
Published: October 2022

Identifying and understanding how resilience is generated in a local socioecological system is essential for the design of future conservation strategies. The Linca sheep represents one of the most important – but least known – biocultural legacies of the Mapuche people in Patagonia. These sheep, which arrived in the region along with the conquistadors more than three centuries ago, have been almost completely displaced by the Merino sheep breed. In this work we analyse the principal components that characterise the relictual producers of Linca sheep. These components are the key for the conservation of this traditional practice and takes a substantial part of local zoological knowledge (LZK). Interviews with artisans (n = 51) who know, require or use Linca wool, either know the breeders, enabled us to contact and interview 13 families who preserve these sheep. Based on an interpretative study we identified 3 biocultural components and 11 analytical variables. Through this analysis of the archetypes, within this universe of producers, we recognized three profiles: Veteran, Tenacious, and Emotionally Attached. The families who have preserved this ancient practice were assigned to one of the three groups based on the shortest Euclidean distance and information obtained from the interviews. Among the main characteristics of these relictual producers the important role played by women stands out, as they preserve and transmit knowledge of the textile language and maintain the diversity of the Linca sheep, transforming their family units into guardians of the biocultural inheritance of this local breed.
The Concept Of Inter-religious Life In The Medina Charter And Nostra Aetate
Authors: Wijayanti Tri Yuliana
Published: October 2022

The diversity of society gives rise to the diversity of beliefs and religions held by the community. However, unfortunately the progress of people's lives is not followed by the progress of inter-religious relations which cannot be separated from the protracted conflict. Followers of a religion often doubt the purpose of realizing inter-religious harmony initiated by a religion, even though there are two major world religions that both have religious documents that contain the concept of inter-religious life, namely Nostra Aetate (Catholic) and Medina Charter (Islam).This study was structured to answer academic problems, including (1) knowing the concept of inter-religious life in the Medina Charter, (2) knowing the concept of inter-religious life in Nostra Aetate, and (3) comparing the concept of inter-religious life in the two documents. This research, which is classified as comparative religious research and uses a deductive analysis knife. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the concept of inter-religious life in the Medina Charter is understood that every individual has the right to freedom of religion and emphasis on inter-religious unity. The concept of inter-religious life in Nostra Aetate contains several points of meaning. As for after the two documents were compared, it was found that the difference lies in the content of the text and the views of other people. The parallel side lies in the goal of the concept of inter-religious life. Further research in historical and linguistic studies will be able to further complement this study.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Personal Growth Initiative Scale-II in Indonesian Women Leaders
Authors: Dhania Dhini Rama , Suhariadi Fendy , Fajrianthi Fajrianthi
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to examine the 16 items of the Personal Growth Initiative Scale-II (PGIS-II) psychometric traits among women holding corporate leadership positions in Indonesia. It used quantitative methods and was conducted on 181 women in various management positions. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to analyze the PGIS-II instrument factorial validity comprising four dimensions and to determine the factor structure suitability. Furthermore, internal reliability and convergent validity were analyzed from the total and subscale scores. The results showed that the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) matched scores with different ranges. PGIS-II's internal reliability indicated the intentional planning dimensions and behavior that require modifying the items’ measurement and analysis. In terms of validity, the Intentional Behavior (IB2) indicator does not meet the standard loading factor (SLF). However, these findings suggest that the PGIS-II scale could be used to study female figures in Indonesia.
Dating Violence: An Overview of Help-Seeking Behavior, Trust in Authority, and Peer Support
Authors: Nuqul Fathul Lubabin , Rahayu Iin Tri
Published: October 2022

Dating violence is increasing every day and continues to constitute a social problem. Students are a social group with the highest risk of becoming victims. Furthermore, not all victims are willing to report these cases. Previous studies show that victims of dating violence are reluctant to report it as they may not receive good treatment. This study aims to explore the forms of dating violence, victims, directions for seeking help, trust in campus authorities, peer support, and intercorrelations. It involves a correlational quantitative method with 225 students taken based on purposive random sampling. This study also uses a scale of conflict in dating, friend support, choice of support, and trust in authority. The results showed that most of the violence experienced by victims is psychological. Victims tend to seek help from informal parties such as friends, family, and partners, instead of formal parties such as doctors, psychologists, police, or lecturers. Trust in campus authorities tends to be moderate, and the majority feel support from friends. Furthermore, positive and negative correlations were observed between the variables and their dimensions.
Evolução Legislativa do tráfico de pessoas para fins de exploração sexual no Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Jennifer Lorrayne Fidelis da Silva , Shimidt de Paula Fernando
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discorrer sobre a evolução legislativa acerca do tráfico de pessoas para fins de exploração sexual no âmbito nacional, visto que essas representam estimativas significativas, com intuito de facilitar a compreensão do leitor sobre os mecanismos utilizados para a sua inibição. Para o desenvolvimento desse trabalho foram abordados os pontos mais importantes, visto que o tema é muito amplo. Inicialmente, será abordado o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana. Seguindo o mesmo viés será abordada a liberdade e a dignidade sexual da vítima. Em seguida, buscou-se falar do seu conceito e as principais causas do tráfico humano, bem como a questão da vulnerabilidade social ante esse crime. Também serão abordadas as modalidades do tráfico humano. E por fim, a evolução legislativa acerca deste delito, com devidos apontamentos a atual lei, editada em 2016, adentrando especificamente no tráfico de pessoas para fins de exploração sexual.
Os desafios do direito na era da tecnologia: O uso de drones e suas implicações
Authors: Tuler Ana Paula Rodrigues , Sachett Barbara Mourão
Published: October 2022

Com o avanço tecnológico ,promovido pelo desenvolvimento digital ,tem se identificado uma série de impactos no meio social, exigindo readequações em todas as esferas que compõe as atividades basilares da sociedade, a exemplo das esferas econômica, política, jurídica e afins. O advento dos drones como tecnologias emergentes tem galgado patamares distintos e expressivos nas mais diversas sociedades, sendo o equipamento utilizado tanto por forças militares, quanto pela população em geral. Temática esta que oportuniza uma série de debates sobre as implicâncias que tais tecnologias podem trazer, uma vez que refletem em direitos pré-conquistados e positivados, no Brasil. Destaca-se os direitos da personalidade, tal qual a imagem, a privacidade e intimidade. O objetivo desta pesquisa é apontar quais as implicâncias e desafios gerados pelo avanço do uso de drones para o direito brasileiro. As metodologias que conduziram a pesquisa foram as de revisão bibliográfica e análise documental, utilizando-se de estudos científicos, doutrinas, legislações, dados estatísticos e jornalísticos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, natureza básica, objetivos exploratórios e descritivos, bem como de abordagens bibliográfica e documental. O método hipotético-dedutivo foi aplicado para possibilitar um diálogo crítico estabelecido pela autora em confronto com os resultados extraídos. As considerações finais da pesquisa evidenciam que o consumo livre e o irrestrito uso de drones podem incorrer em violações graves quantos aos direitos da personalidade e outros, promovendo danos e, até mesmo, materializando crimes que ferem a dignidade humana dos indivíduos.
INFLUENCE OF THERMOPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ON FIGURE-OF-MERIT IN TURBULENT HEAT TRANSFER OF WATER AND ETHYLENE GLYCOL MIXTURE BASED RGO/NANODIAMOND HYBRID NANOFLUIDS
Authors: Sundar L. Syam , Ancha Venkata Ramayya , Shaik Feroz , Nayeh Jamal
Published: October 2022

The advantages of hybrid nanofluids over single-phase heat transfer fluids are greater. The thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids are critical before examining their heat transfer coefficient in a thermal device. For the manufacture of stable rGO/nanodiamond hybrid nanofluids, different base fluids such as 80:20%, 60:40%, and 40:60% (weight percentage) of water and ethylene mixture was used. At particle concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 1.0% and temperatures ranging from 20° C to 60° C, the thermophysical characteristics were examined experimentally. Under the turbulent flow condition, the figures-of-merit were analyzed from the thermophysical characteristics and various models. For the heat transfer coefficient and pumping power analysis, the same fluid velocity and diameter parameters for hybrid nanofluids and the base fluid were used. The thermal conductivity increase of 80:20% water and ethylene glycol (W/EG) nanofluid is 25.47; of 60:40% W/EG nanofluid is 20.47%; and of 40:60% W/EG nanofluid is 18.57% at 60° C, as compared to their own base fluids. Furthermore, compared to base fluid data, the viscosity increase of 1.0% vol. of nanofluid at 20° C for 80:20% W/EG nanofluid is 76.77%; 60:40% W/EG nanofluid is 81.63%; and 40:60% W/EG nanofluid is 88.70%. The obtained figures of merit for all cases of the hybrid nanofluid are less than unity.
Effects of pylon configuration on the response of cable-stayed bridge to sudden cable loss
Authors: Abdel-Fattah Mohamed T. , Abdel-Fattah Tarek T.
Published: October 2022

This paper presents a finite-element (FE) investigation into the effects of pylon configuration on the general response of cable-stayed bridges (CSBs) in the event of sudden cable loss. An example CSB is proposed and analysed using a three-dimensional FE model for H-shaped pylon (HSP) and A-shaped pylon (ASP) configurations; the effects of p–δ (large stress) and geometric non-linearities are accounted for. The FE study was conducted for two scenarios of cable loss – the simultaneous sudden loss of the longest two adjacent cables in the mid span or the side span. The results showed that the general responses of the main-span deck structural elements due to breakage of the longest two main-span cables were comparable for both HSP and ASP configurations, but the responses due to breakage of the longest two side-span cables differed. From a practical viewpoint, the loss of side-span cables may cause notable rotation of the main-span deck for a CSB with HSPs, but not for a CSB with ASPs. The results of this study may be useful for designing a situation of accidental cable loss.
Türkçe Öğretmenlerinin Sosyal Medyada Noktalama Kullanımı: Facebook Örneği
Authors: OPUŞ Yasir , KARAKUŞ TAYŞİ Esra
Published: October 2022

Facebook'un alt topluluğu olan gruplarda Türkçe öğretmenlerinin noktalama işareti kullanımını incelemek amacıyla yapılan bu araştırma, Türkçe öğretmenlerinin meslekî etkileşim topluluğu olarak kurduğu bir Facebook grubunda paylaşılmış gönderilerin noktalama açısından incelenmesi üzerine temellendirilmiştir. Araştırmacılar, nitel araştırma yöntemleri ve alanyazın ışığında öğretmenlerin eğitim verdiği alan, grupların üye sayısı, gruplara gönüllü katılım, grubun etkin olma süresi gibi ölçütler belirlemiş ve ölçütlere uyan 1596 gönderiyi incelemiştir. Gönderilerin incelenmesinden doğan veriler, araştırmacıların hazırlayıp uzman onayı aldığı kontrol listeleriyle toplanıp işlenmiştir. Gruptaki gönderilerden toplanan veriler tematik analizle çözümlenmiştir. Ulaşılan bulgular, noktalama işaretlerinin kullanımı ile noktalama işaretlerinin yerinde ve doğru kullanımı temalarında toplanmıştır. Temalarla sunulan bulgulardan sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: Gruptakiler noktalama işaretlerini çoğunlukla kullanmış, bazı gönderilerde hiç yer vermemiş, bazı gönderilerde de kısmen kullanmış ya da bunların yerine duygu simgesi kullanmıştır. Gönderiler; noktalama işaretlerinin yerinde ve doğru kullanımına göre ele alındığında hiç kullanılmayan noktalama işaretleri, gereksiz ve yanlış kullanılan noktalama işaretleri, duygu simgelerinin noktalama işareti yerine kullanımı ve standart dışı noktalama işaretlerinin kullanımı ile ortaya çıkan noktalama hataları saptanmıştır.
Uso y eficacia de la mascarilla frente al Covid-19
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Torres-Criollo Larry Miguel , Campoverde Cisneros Manuel Alfredo ,   Universidad de Cuenca, Reyes Reinoso Johanna Rosalí ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Loyola-Altamirano Leslie Xiomara ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Sigüenza-Peñafiel Gladys Salomé ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ramírez Arévalo Pamela Alexandra ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca
Published: October 2022

El presente estudio de índole investigativo, tuvo como punto inicial ahondar en un tema de contingencia sanitaria, a la que llamamos pandemia de la COVID -19, conocida como una enfermedad dada por el virus del SARS-CoV2, que se transmite de persona a persona, atacando al organismo de manera repentina y agresivamente. Además, se ha observado que esta infección ha provocado un grave problema, tanto en la salud física, mental, emocional y económica de la sociedad ecuatoriana, como a nivel mundial; así, también como la falta de información sobre el manejo correcto de las mascarillas y la eficacia que tienen cada una de ellas, por ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática de bibliografía de alto impacto científico, con la finalidad de aportar información clara y precisa sobre cada aspecto y características de las mismas. El objetivo principal es reconocer la importancia sobre el uso adecuado de los diferentes tipos de mascarillas, para aplacar el contagio de la COVID -19; y, determinar la eficacia que existe para prevenir la propagación. La metodología que se utilizó en este estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática de tipo descriptivo y explicativo, sobre el uso de las mascarillas, tipos y eficacia que tienen las mismas, por medio de un base de datos científicos como: SCOPUS, GOOGLE ACADÉMICO, SCIELO, TAYLOR&FRANCIS, PUBMED. Los resultados que se obtuvieron en este estudio, fueron, que las mascarillas KN95 tienen mayor eficacia que las quirúrgicas, arrojando un porcentaje del 98,9% y un 78,6% respectivamente. Por tanto, se llega a la conclusión de que el uso de las mascarillas KN95 disminuye el contagio de la COVID-19, además del cumplimiento de otras normas de prevención, brinda mayor seguridad y evita la propagación del virus.
Uso inadecuado de los medicamentos para tratar el Covid 19
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Crespo Argudo Karla Marcela , Durán Palacios María Teresa ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Idrovo Calle Wilson Rolando ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Sigüenza Peñafiel Juan Diego ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ramírez Heras Carlos Fabián ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Yépez Espinoza Carla Paola ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca
Published: October 2022

En la actualidad todavía no existe algún medicamento eficaz para combatir la enfermedad del COVID 19, por ende el uso inadecuado de diferentes medicamentos trae consigo una serie de afecciones en la salud del individuo, provocando una alteración de sus funciones y en algunos casos la mala administración de los mismos pueden ocasionar sucesos fatales; además, puede provocar una disminución de efectividad de antibióticos, por ende las bacterias o virus que residen dentro del cuerpo pueden volverse resistentes a dichos medicamentos. El presente artículo de revisión sistemática busca reconocer la influencia del mal uso de estos tipos de medicamentos en el tratamiento del COVID 19 y cómo estos afectan particularmente la salud del paciente infectado, por ende se utilizó una metodología de carácter descriptiva y exploratoria con el fin de encontrar solución al problema anteriormente presentado, utilizando bases de datos tales como Scielo, Scopus, PuhMedia y Mediphafic; cabe establecer que la influencia de este tipo de medicamentos nocivos para la salud tuvo una gran influencia dentro del contexto de la pandemia, debido a la automedicación provocada por las personas contagiadas. Aunque todavía no existe una evidencia sobre los medicamentos adecuados para combatir el COVID 19, es necesario contextualizar que mediante diversas pruebas y estudios realizados, se estableció dos tipos de tratamientos tales como los sintomáticos compuestos por medicamentos tales como paracetamol e ibuprofeno, teniendo una efectividad del 45% respectivamente en pacientes con síntomas leves y los antivirales como lopinavir, hidroxicloroquina y cloroquina aplicados a pacientes graves tales como adultos mayores y niños teniendo un nivel de respuesta del 65% respectivamente.
Effect of Glutaraldehyde Crosslinking Parameters on Mechanical and Wetting Properties of PVA/NaAlg Electrospun Mat
Authors: PAKOLPAKÇIL Ayben
Published: October 2022

Electrospun alginate-based materials are used in a wide range of applications, including wound dressings, tissue engineering, batteries, water treatment, bioremediation, and food packaging. However, they have low resistance to water. Crosslinking is usually used to enhance the mechanical properties of water-soluble polymers. Process parameters also play a key role in the crosslinking process. In this study, materials from sodium alginate (NaAlg) and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were prepared using the electrospinning method. To investigate the effect of the process parameters on the mechanical properties of the materials, different concentrations (1.25, 2.5 and 5 v %) and different application times (10 min, 60 min and 24 h) of the crosslinking agent were used. The wettability and mechanical properties of the electrospun mats were evaluated using a water contact angle device and a tensile strength tester, respectively. The maximum tensile strength was measured at 7 MPa which is the sample treated at 5% glutaraldehyde (GA) concentration and 60 min of application time. The sample treated with 2.5% GA concentration and 60 min of treatment time had the highest measured elongation of 11.5%. The sample treated with 2.5% GA concentration and for 10 min had the lowest water contact angle, which was measured at 27.5°. The intended usage of the materials should be considered, as the concentration of the crosslinking process and duration might affect the water-soluble polymers' mechanical and wetting properties.
Characterization of Cobalt Oxalate Dihydrate Obtained from Spent Co-Mo/Al2O3 Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst
Authors: KALPAKLI Ahmet Orkun
Published: October 2022

In this study, roasted spent Co-Mo/Al2O3 hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalyst was dissolved in oxalic acid (H2C2O4) solution and optimum conditions were determined for obtaining cobalt oxalate dihydrate (CoC2O4∙2H2O). The thermal decomposition behavior of the obtained CoC2O4∙2H2O was investigated by TG/DTG-DTA analysis. The characterization of CoC2O4∙2H2O was carried out by XRD, FT-IR and SEM-EDS analytical techniques. Optimum conditions for the production of CoC2O4∙2H2O were determined as 25 oC temperature, 0.25 M H2C2O4 concentration, 1/20 g mL-1 solid/liquid ratio and 300 rpm stirring speed. CoC2O4∙2H2O was obtained with a reaction yield of 90.9 %. TG/DTG-DTA analysis carried out in dry air atmosphere showed that CoC2O4∙2H2O decomposed in two steps. In the first step that occurs between 118-196 oC temperatures, CoC2O4∙2H2O is dehydrated. In the second step, which occurs between 248-279 oC temperatures, it was determined that metallic cobalt was formed first, and then metallic cobalt was oxidized and converted into Co3O4 compound because it was performed in the air atmosphere.
Some Electrical and Photoelectrical Properties of Conducting Polymer Graphene Composite /n-Silicon Heterojunction Diode
Authors: DAŞ Elif
Published: October 2022

In this study, polythiophene-graphene (PTh-G) composite thin film was prepared on the n-type silicon (n-Si) semiconductor wafer by the spin coating method. Subsequently, the current-voltage (I-V) measurements were made on the fabricated Au/PTh-G/n-Si/Al device to ascertain the impact of the PTh-G interfacial layer on the device performance. The main device parameters such as ideality factor (n), barrier height (b), series resistance (Rs) were calculated by using the thermionic emission (TE) and Norde functions, and then, the obtained results were discussed in detail. Additionally, the capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristic of the device was examined as a function of the frequency, and the device parameters such as diffusion potential (Vd), Fermi energy level (Ef), carrier concentration (Nd), b were detemined. Finally, the light intensity-dependent I-V measurements were taken to obtain information about the photoelectrical characteristics of the fabricated device. The obtained results have shown that the prepared composite material has a good potential to be used in optoelectronic applications such as photodiode, and photodetector.
Concepts of Justice and National Context Outlining Legal Comparisons Between the Federal Republic of Germany, the United States of America, and the People's Republic of China
Authors: Möllers Thomas
Published: October 2022

Comparative law holds the promise of improving knowledge. Looking at other legal systems enables a nuanced understanding of the rules of one's own country. While comparative law traditionally starts with a concrete issue, the purpose of this paper is to explore why concepts of justice often differ widely from country to country. The following article compares three major economic powerhouses: the United States, the People's Republic of China and the Federal Republic of Germany. It will discuss the differences between a liberal and a social market economy, as well as the role of the constitution in society. The outline concludes by looking at the question of when different concepts of justice might converge.
When Context Matters - Application and Potential of Financial Crime Risk Indicators in Selected African Jurisdictions
Authors: Marxen Karl
Published: October 2022

This paper explores the application and potential of financial crime risk indicators in the international banking and mercantile transactions. Special emphasis is placed on lists of financial crime risk indicators which are circulated, or have been drafted, by governments and public institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa. This paper investigates, inter alia, whether such financial crime risk indicator lists created by African institutions differ noticeably – regarding content, drafting style, and availability – from other well-established indicator lists, and whether African financial crime risk indicator lists appropriately represent African commercial realities and thus meaningfully contribute to fighting financial crime on the continent and beyond.
Comments on ‘The future of transdisciplinarity: How do we relearn to be human in new ways?’
Authors: Visbeck Martin
Published: October 2022

This Commentary is a response on the Structured Conversation 'The future of transdisciplinarity: How do we relearn to be human in new ways?'.
Critical reflections on the place of the university in the 21st century
Authors: De Sousa Santos Boaventura , Ndlovu-Gatsheni Sabelo , Soudien Crain
Published: October 2022

This Structured Conversation on the relevance and role of the contemporary university took place between Boaventura de Sousa Santos and Sabelo Ndlovu-Gatsheni – two of the world’s most prominent thinkers on decolonisation. The discussion was moderated by Crain Soudien.
ATP/NADH-enzyme coupled ATPase assay v1
Authors: Chen Jialin
Published: October 2022

ATP/NADH-enzyme coupled ATPase assay to determine activation of purified ATPase protein via kinetic absorbance measurement.
Bacterial genome annotation script using BLASTN v1
Authors: Mariya Anhel Ana
Published: October 2022

This protocol uses a python based script and command-line blastn to annotate Sanger sequencing results from genome amplifications. Its main use in our lab (https://biocomputationlab.com) is to identify the location and gene locus of transposon inserts in microbial bacterial genomes of Pseudomonas putida KT2440. However, this script can be used for other bacterial genomes for which its genome sequence and annotation are available. Script was developed in python 3.9 with blastn version 2.2.18.
Midbrain organoid astrocyte seeding v1
Authors: not provided gustavo.parfitt
Published: October 2022

Midbrain organoid astrocyte seeding protocol
Efeito do Uso do Smartphone na Musculatura do Pescoço pela Termografia Infravermelha em Adultos
Authors: Callou Filho Cesario Rui , Vasconcelos Abdon Ana Paula , Vieira de Lima Saintrain Maria
Published: October 2022

A termografia infravermelha é utilizada para a avaliação e o diagnóstico das alterações musculares no pescoço por ser um método simples, preciso, não invasivo e sem risco de radiação. O Objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos do uso do smartphone na musculatura do pescoço por meio da termografia infravermelha em adultos. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal desenvolvido nestas duas universidades no município de Fortaleza, no período de setembro a novembro de 2019. Participaram universitários, funcionários e colaboradores (> 18 anos) sem disfunção da região cervical. Foram avaliadas as temperaturas dos ventres do peitoral maior, trapézio superior e esternocleidooccipitomastoideo (ECOM) pela termografia infravermelha, nas posições anatômicas e digitando no smartphone. Além disto, foram avaliadas as relações da temperatura vs socioeconômicas e estilo de vida. Os achados foram analisados pelo SPSS versão 23 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.), aplicaram-se os t de Student ou Mann- Whitney. Do total de 281 adultos avaliados em análise estatística observou-se que a significância ocorreu para os três músculos nas duas posições distintas (p≤ 0,005). Pode-se concluir que a termografia infravermelha foi capaz de avaliar possíveis processos inflamatórios na musculatura analisada em usuários de smartphone.