bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chinook salmon depth distributions on the continental shelf are shaped by interactions between location, season, and individual condition
Authors: Freshwater Cameron , Anderson Sean C. , Huff David D. , Smith Joseph M. , Jackson Doug , Hendriks Brian , Hinch Scott G. , Johnston Stephen , Trites Andrew W. , King Jackie
Published: March 2024

Background

Ecological and physical conditions vary with depth in aquatic ecosystems, resulting in gradients of habitat suitability. Although variation in vertical distributions among individuals provides evidence of habitat selection, it has been challenging to disentangle how processes at multiple spatio-temporal scales shape behaviour.

Methods

We collected thousands of observations of depth from $$>~300$$

>

300

acoustically tagged adult Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, spanning multiple seasons and years. We used these data to parameterize a machine-learning model to disentangle the influence of spatial, temporal, and dynamic oceanographic variables while accounting for differences in individual condition and maturation stage.

Results

The top performing machine learning model used bathymetric depth ratio (i.e., individual depth relative to seafloor depth) as a response. We found that bathymetry, season, maturation stage, and spatial location most strongly influenced Chinook salmon depth. Chinook salmon bathymetric depth ratios were deepest in shallow water, during winter, and for immature individuals. We also identified non-linear interactions among covariates, resulting in spatially-varying effects of zooplankton concentration, lunar cycle, temperature and oxygen concentration.

Conclusions

Our results suggest Chinook salmon vertical habitat use is a function of ecological interactions, not physiological constraints. Temporal and spatial variation in depth distributions could be used to guide management decisions intended to reduce fishery impacts on Chinook salmon. More generally, our findings demonstrate how complex interactions among bathymetry, seasonality, location, and life history stage regulate vertical habitat selection.
Challenges of maritime human resource management for the transition to shipping digitalization
Authors: Theotokas Ioannis N. , Lagoudis Ioannis N. , Raftopoulou Konstantina
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the challenges that appear in maritime human resource management, in the face of the digitalized environment in maritime business, due to the diffusion of new technologies, such as big data analytics, blockchain technology, and future MASS technology. The current study is based on a systematic review of the relevant literature attempting to respond to the analysis of the challenges described above. The study reveals that existing scientific interest concentrates on the training and education of the maritime workforce, the new skills required as well as the possible loss of traditional jobs and the creation of new ones, while mainly examining the seagoing personnel. However, limited attention has been paid to the practices of human resource management, which could facilitate the transition to the new era of maritime business. This study aims at contributing to the research in the field of Maritime HRM by revealing gaps in existing literature and suggesting areas for future research as well as new methodological approaches in addressing these gaps.
Regulation of inflammatory diseases via the control of mRNA decay
Authors: Yoshinaga Masanori , Takeuchi Osamu
Published: March 2024

Inflammation orchestrates a finely balanced process crucial for microorganism elimination and tissue injury protection. A multitude of immune and non-immune cells, alongside various proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, collectively regulate this response. Central to this regulation is post-transcriptional control, governing gene expression at the mRNA level. RNA-binding proteins such as tristetraprolin, Roquin, and the Regnase family, along with RNA modifications, intricately dictate the mRNA decay of pivotal mediators and regulators in the inflammatory response. Dysregulated activity of these factors has been implicated in numerous human inflammatory diseases, underscoring the significance of post-transcriptional regulation. The increasing focus on targeting these mechanisms presents a promising therapeutic strategy for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This review offers an extensive overview of post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms during inflammatory responses, delving into recent advancements, their implications in human diseases, and the strides made in therapeutic exploitation.
An overview of DNA degradation and its implications in forensic caseworks
Authors: Bhoyar Lina , Mehar Palash , Chavali Krishnadutt
Published: March 2024

Background

DNA (deoxy-ribonucleic acid) is a fundamental molecule housing genetic information crucial for forensic casework. However, its integrity is compromised over time due to degradation, affecting living and deceased organisms. Understanding the factors and mechanisms of DNA degradation is vital across scientific disciplines.

Main body

DNA degradation is a dynamic process influenced by factors like temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet radiation. The post-mortem interval affects organisms differently, and mechanisms such as hydrolysis, oxidation, and depurination impact DNA structural integrity. In forensic casework, DNA degradation poses challenges because degraded DNA samples can be difficult to analyze. Despite these challenges, DNA degradation has become an invaluable asset in forensic science. Fragmented DNA aids in historical identification and archaeological investigations. Additionally, DNA degradation helps estimate the time since death, assisting investigators in criminal timelines. Forensic experts use degradation patterns to deduce environmental conditions affecting a body, aiding crime scene reconstruction. In criminal investigations, advancements in DNA recovery, like next-generation sequencing, enable the analysis of severely degraded samples, enhancing the identification of suspects and victims.

Conclusion

DNA degradation, despite its challenges, is a potent tool in forensic science. Understanding the factors and mechanisms influencing DNA degradation is essential for its effective utilization in criminal casework. With ongoing advancements in forensic techniques and technologies, the reliability and utility of degraded DNA analysis are steadily increasing, helping to bring resolution to complex criminal cases and uncovering hidden clues in forensic investigations.
Clinical course of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kwak Nakwon , Moon Jinyoung , Kim Joong-Yub , Park Jun Won , Yim Jae-Joon
Published: March 2024

Objectives

The impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) has not been well established. In this study, we investigated the clinical course of NTM-PD in patients with RA and the impact of RA on the prognosis of NTM-PD.

Methods

We analyzed patients who developed NTM-PD after being diagnosed with RA from January 2004 to August 2023 at a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea. The patient’s baseline characteristics, clinical course, and prognosis were evaluated. An optimal matching analysis was performed to measure the impact of RA on the risk of mortality.

Results

During the study period, 18 patients with RA [median age, 68 years; interquartile range (IQR) 59–73; female, 88.9%] developed NTM-PD. The median interval between RA diagnosis and subsequent NTM-PD development was 14.8 years (IQR, 8.6–19.5). At a median of 30 months (IQR, 27–105) after NTM-PD diagnosis, 10 of 18 (55.6%) patients received anti-mycobacterial treatment for NTM-PD and 5 (50.0%) patients achieved microbiological cure. When matched to patients with NTM-PD but without RA, patients with both RA and NTM-PD had a higher risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 8.14; 95% confidence interval, 2.43–27.2).

Conclusion

NTM-PD occurring after RA is associated with a higher risk of mortality than NTM-PD in the absence of RA.
Utilization of waste face masks to reinforce magnesite mine tailings for sustainable subgrade construction
Authors: Shanmugasundaram Vinodhkumar , Eswaran Aravind , Pandiyan Arulraj , Ramakrishnan Shreeramsundhar
Published: March 2024

The disposal of magnesite mine tailings (MMT), a by-product of magnesite mining, raises significant environmental concerns due to its adverse effects on soil, water and air quality. Likewise, the improper disposal of used face masks exacerbates environmental burdens. The innovative use of polypropylene fibres (PPF) derived from disposable face masks to reinforce. This study explores the compaction and strength characteristics of PPF-MMT composites with varying fibre content to develop a sustainable composite for subgrade construction. The findings indicate that the addition of PPF increases optimal moisture content and decreases maximum dry density. Shear strength analysis reveals a linear failure envelope for both MMT and PPF-MMT, with initial angle of internal friction improvement at lower PPF content (0.25% and 0.5%) but a decline at higher contents (0.75% and 1%). Importantly, PPF-MMT consistently exhibits a unique strain-hardening behaviour across all stress levels, distinguishing it from MMT, which only transitions to strain-hardening at higher stresses. Under vertical load, MMT shows contraction, while the PPF-MMT composite initially contracts but later dilates due to increased fibre-MMT interaction during horizontal displacement. Furthermore, California bearing ratio (CBR) tests demonstrate increased dry CBR with PPF, reaching a peak of 33.85% at 0.5% fibre content. The soaked CBR tests affirm the remarkable durability of PPF-MMT, maintaining significantly higher values than MMT even after 60 days of soaking. The study concludes that 0.5% fibre content as optimum dosage.
PINNslope: Seismic data interpolation and local slope estimation with physics informed neural networks
Authors: Brandolin Francesco , Ravasi Matteo , Alkhalifah Tariq
Published: March 2024

Interpolation of aliased seismic data constitutes a key step in a seismic processing workflow to obtain high-quality velocity models and seismic images. Building on the idea of describing seismic wavefields as a superposition of local plane waves, we propose to interpolate seismic data by using a physics informed neural network (PINN). In the proposed framework, two feed-forward neural networks are jointly trained using the local plane wave differential equation as well as the available data as two terms in the objective function: a primary network assisted by positional encoding is tasked with reconstructing the seismic data, whereas an auxiliary, smaller network estimates the associated local slopes. Results on synthetic and field data validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in handling aliased (coarsely sampled) data and data with large gaps. Our method compares favorably against a classic least-squares inversion approach regularized by the local plane-wave equation as well as a PINN-based approach with a single network and precomputed local slopes. We find that introducing a second network to estimate the local slopes, whereas at the same time interpolating the aliased data enhances the overall reconstruction capabilities and convergence behavior of the primary network. Moreover, an additional positional encoding layer embedded as the first layer of the wavefield network confers to the network the ability to converge faster, improving the accuracy of the data term.
Efficacy and tolerability of FDA-approved atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of bipolar depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Li Shaoli , Xu Chenyue , Hu Shaohua , Lai Jianbo
Published: March 2024

We employed a Bayesian network meta-analysis for comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) for the treatment of bipolar patients with depressive episodes. Sixteen randomized controlled trials with 7234 patients treated by one of the five AAPs (cariprazine, lumateperone, lurasidone, olanzapine, and quetiapine) were included. For the response rate (defined as an improvement of ≥50% from baseline on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS]), all AAPs were more efficacious than placebo. For the remission rate (defined as the endpoint of MADRS ≤12 or ≤ 10), cariprazine, lurasidone, olanzapine, and quetiapine had higher remission rates than placebo. In terms of tolerability, olanzapine was unexpectedly associated with lower odds of all-cause discontinuation in comparison with placebo, whereas quetiapine was associated with higher odds of discontinuation due to adverse events than placebo. Compared with placebo, lumateperone, olanzapine, and quetiapine showed higher odds of somnolence. Lumateperone had a lower rate of ≥ weight gain of 7% than placebo and other treatments. Olanzapine was associated with a significant increase from baseline in total cholesterol and triglycerides than placebo. These findings inform individualized prescriptions of AAPs for treating bipolar depression in clinical practice.
Electronic Documentation of Intraoperative Observation of Cystoscopic Procedures Using the cMDX Information System
Authors: Eminaga Okyaz , Lee Timothy Jiyong , La Vinh , Breil Bernhard , Xing Lei , Liao Joseph C.
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE

Accurate documentation of lesions during transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) is essential for precise diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up care. However, optimizing schematic documentation techniques for bladder lesions has received limited attention.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This prospective observational study used a cMDX-based documentation system that facilitates graphical representation, a lesion-specific questionnaire, and heatmap analysis with a posterization effect. We designed a graphical scheme for bladder covering bladder landmarks to visualize anatomic features and to document the lesion location. The lesion-specific questionnaire was integrated for comprehensive lesion characterization. Finally, spatial analyses were applied to investigate the anatomic distribution patterns of bladder lesions.

RESULTS

A total of 97 TURBT cases conducted between 2021 and 2023 were included, identifying 176 lesions. The lesions were distributed in different bladder areas with varying frequencies. The distribution pattern, sorted by frequency, was observed in the following areas: posterior, trigone, lateral right and anterior, and lateral left and dome. Suspicious levels were assigned to the lesions, mostly categorized either as indeterminate or moderate. Lesion size analysis revealed that most lesions fell between 5 and 29 mm.

CONCLUSION

The study highlights the potential of schematic documentation techniques for informed decision making, quality assessment, primary research, and secondary data utilization of intraoperative data in the context of TURBT. Integrating cMDX and heatmap analysis provides valuable insights into lesion distribution and characteristics.
Stochastic thermodynamics of a probe in a fluctuating correlated field
Authors: Venturelli Davide , Loos Sarah A. M. , Walter Benjamin , Roldán Édgar , Gambassi Andrea
Published: March 2024

We develop a framework for the stochastic thermodynamics of a probe coupled to a fluctuating medium with spatio-temporal correlations, described by a scalar field. For a Brownian particle dragged by a harmonic trap through a fluctuating Gaussian field, we show that near criticality (where the field displays long-range spatial correlations) the spatially-resolved average heat flux develops a dipolar structure, where heat is absorbed in front and dissipated behind the dragged particle. Moreover, a perturbative calculation reveals that the dissipated power displays three distinct dynamical regimes depending on the drag velocity.
874 Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Optic Nerve Decompression Through Pterional and Supraorbital Approaches in the Treatment of Progressive Completely Blind Traumatic Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Liao Chenlong , Zhang Wenchuan
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a serious complication of craniomaxillofacial trauma that directly or indirectly damages the optic nerve and cause different degrees of visual impairment. The role of optic nerve decompression (OND) in treating TON remained inconclusive.

METHODS:

Patients with progressive completely blind TON treated with OND through pterional and supraorbital approach in our institute by one surgeon from September 2019 to June 2022 were retrospective reviewed in this study. Demographic information, trauma factors, interval between trauma and complete blind, interval between trauma and surgery, and preoperative CT findings were recorded. Hospitalization days and the postoperative visual acuity of patients in two groups were compared.

RESULTS:

There are 54 patients included in this study, 21 patients underwent OND through pterional approach, and the others underwent supraorbital approaches. Male patients are more common than female in both groups. Respectively, in groups of pterional and supraorbital approaches, the average hospitalization days were 9.8 ± 2.4 and 10.7 ± 2.9, the mean durations of follow-up are 20.1 ± 4.2 and 21.4 ± 3.1 months, respectively. The number of patients underwent pterional approach who improved their visual acuity to light perception and digit counting, respectively, is nine (42.9%) and three (14.3%). In group of supraorbital approach, the number is 9 (27.3%) and 6 (18.2%), respectively. The overall improvement rates of pterional and supraorbital approaches is 57.1% and 45.5%, and no significant difference was noted (P=0.40).

CONCLUSIONS:

Patients with progressive completely blind traumatic TON can benefit from OND. No significant difference was noted regarding to the improvement rates of OND through pterional and supraorbital approaches in the treatment of progressive completely blind TON in this study.
Temporally distinct roles of Aurora A in polarization of the C. elegans zygote
Authors: Manzi Nadia I. , de Jesus Bailey N. , Shi Yu , Dickinson Daniel J.
Published: March 2024

During asymmetric cell division, cell polarity is coordinated with the cell cycle to allow proper inheritance of cell fate determinants and the generation of cellular diversity. In the Caenorhabditis elegans zygote, polarity is governed by evolutionarily conserved Partitioning-defective (PAR) proteins that segregate to opposing cortical domains to specify asymmetric cell fates. Timely establishment of PAR domains requires a cell cycle kinase, Aurora A (AIR-1 in C. elegans). Aurora A depletion by RNAi causes a spectrum of phenotypes including reversed polarity, excess posterior domains and no posterior domain. How depletion of a single kinase can cause seemingly opposite phenotypes remains obscure. Using an auxin-inducible degradation system and drug treatments, we found that AIR-1 regulates polarity differently at different times of the cell cycle. During meiosis I, AIR-1 acts to prevent later formation of bipolar domains, whereas in meiosis II, AIR-1 is necessary to recruit PAR-2 onto the membrane. Together, these data clarify the origin of multiple polarization phenotypes in RNAi experiments and reveal multiple roles of AIR-1 in coordinating PAR protein localization with cell cycle progression.
Mass Participation and Tournament Event Management for the Team Physician: A Consensus Statement (2022 Update)
Authors: HERRING STANLEY A. , KIBLER W. BEN , PUTUKIAN MARGOT , BLAUWET CHERI , BOYAJIAN-O'NEILL LORI A. , BOYD JOEL , FRANKS R. ROB , INDELICATO PETER A. , LECLERE LANCE E. , LOGAN CATHERINE , O’CONNOR FRANCIS G. , MATUSZAK JASON , ROBERTS WILLIAM O. , SALLIS ROBERT
Published: March 2024

Mass participation events include endurance events (e.g., marathon, triathlon) and/or competitive tournaments (e.g., baseball, tennis, football (soccer) tournaments). Event management requires medical administrative and participant care planning. Medical management provides safety advice and care at the event that accounts for large numbers of participants, anticipated injury and illness, variable environment, repeated games or matches, and mixed age groups of varying athletic ability. This document does not pertain to the care of the spectator.
Tradition und Innovation in der modernen iranischen Kalligraphie
Authors: Gösken Urs
Published: March 2024

Iranische Kalligraphie
A Political and ethical landscape of brain organoid research
Authors: Schneider Eric , Samsa Leigh Ann , Dubljević Veljko
Published: March 2024

Human cerebral organoids (hCOs), produced in labs through directed cell culture of embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells, closely replicate the 3-dimensional architecture of the human brain on a micro scale. This technology has been used to model neurological disease and shows promise to complement or supplant animal subjects in preclinical therapeutic investigation. However, attention must be paid by researchers and institutions to the various ethical concerns associated with hCO development. Human-animal chimeras produced through the grafting of hCOs have shown integration of neurological function, calling into question the moral status of both the animal chimeras and the organoid itself. Sensationalist reporting on such acts may also prompt public backlash, potentially jeopardizing hCO research and the promised benefits thereof. Moreover, concerns arise over privacy and consent for past and prospective donors of stem cells used to produce organoids. Genetic information may be considered privileged to the public domain and disrupted trust can reduce the supply of willing donors. Though hCOs are believed thus far to lack the capacity for consciousness and cognitive function, consideration must be given to their potential status as moral agents with further development or enhancement. Boundaries concerning organoids adhered to by researchers have been largely voluntary and informal to this point. By edict or by the power of the purse, governmental regulatory agencies ought to formalize necessary guidelines to ensure compliance with ethical principles and the adequate representation of all affected stakeholders in future decisions.
The ALSPAC fetal and neonatal resource: detailed data abstracted from the clinical records of the new-born
Authors: Birmingham Karen , Iles-Caven Yasmin , Northstone Kate , Golding Jean
Published: March 2024

In a previous Data Note, we outlined the data obtained from clinical obstetric records concerning many details of the pregnancies resulting in the births of the children in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Here we describe the data that have been abstracted from medical records concerning the fetus and neonate. Full details concerning the selection biases regarding the data abstracted are outlined in the previous Data Note. The records that have been abstracted, and described in this Data Note, concern the health of the fetus (measured in relation to the results of fetal monitoring, presentation at various stages of pregnancy, and the method of delivery) as well as the status of the newborn immediately post-delivery. Details of signs, symptoms and treatments of this population of new-born babies, as recorded in the clinical records, are described for the time during which they were in hospital or under the care of a designated midwife. These data add depth to the information collected from elsewhere concerning this period of the child’s life: from the questionnaires completed at the time by the mother; and clinical details from neonatal intensive or special care units which will be detailed in a further Data Note.
„Żyjące mosty” w średniowiecznych miastach Europy
Authors: Wilke Gerard
Published: March 2024

Średniowieczna Europa, leżąca w granicach dawnego imperium rzymskiego, przejęła w spuściźnie kulturowej m.in. sieć bardzo dobrze zorganizowanych dróg i mostów. To właśnie one sprawiły, iż ten wielki organizm polityczny funkcjonował tak sprawnie przez setki lat.   Według obecnych szacunków, na drogach imperium mogło funkcjonować około 40 tysięcy mostów, przy czym tylko niewielką część z nich stanowiły konstrukcje kamienne, większość zbudowana była bowiem z drewna.
Przedwojenne Prabuty w świetle badań archeologicznych
Authors: Mosiejczyk Jakub , Dąbal Joanna , Szczepanowska Karolina
Published: March 2024

Praca dotyczy analizy nowożytnych reliktów kamienicy w obrębie parceli przy ul. Kraszewskiego w Prabutach (woj. pomorskie) na tle dotychczasowych, niepublikowanych wykopalisk miejskich. Odkryte w wyniku archeologicznych badań przedinwestycyjnych źródła archeologiczne składają się na obraz życia codziennego mieszkańców w ostatnim okresie dawnego Riesenburga – od poł. XIX wieku do zakończenia II wojny światowej. Opracowanie ruchomych materiałów zabytkowych, przede wszystkim porcelany i fajansów oraz elementów wystroju wnętrz, wskazuje preferencje użytkowe przedwojennych mieszkańców miasta, który nie odbiegał od głównych ośrodków Rzeszy Niemieckiej.
The Principle of Explosion in the Stoic Logic
Authors: Tkaczyk Marcin
Published: March 2024

I argue that the Stoic logic is explosive. The claim applies to the Stoics' syllogistic in the strictest sense, because there is a provable syllogism which qualifies as a principle of explosion. It applies also to the general consequence operation, in the sense that every sentence is derivable from any pair containing both a sentence and the negation of the sentence. Finally, it applies to the connective of implication (conditional), in the sense that any conditional is derivable, providing its antecedent is a conjunction of a sentence and the negation of the sentence. All three claims allow weakening, i.e., additions of extra premises to an inference or extra conjuncts to the antecedent of an implication, respectively. Consequently, no concept of relevance, let alone paraconsistency or connexivity is applicable to the Stoic logic; in particular, the Stoics' connective of implication is either material (Boolean) or formal (strict).
Los recintos de fosos calcolíticos de la península ibérica, ¿fueron fortalezas? Análisis de Xancra y El Casetón de la Era desde una perspectiva poliorcética.
Authors: Diago-Andújar José Francisco , Jiménez-Jáimez Víctor
Published: March 2024

A menudo, los llamados recintos de fosos neolíticos y calcolíticos de la península ibérica (IV-III milenios a. C.) han sido interpretados como fortificaciones. Sin embargo, escasean los estudios específicos sobre el particular. En este trabajo, se intenta contribuir al debate a través de analogías con fortificaciones históricas y prehistóricas bien conocidas. Se efectúa el análisis detallado, desde una perspectiva poliorcética, de dos recintos fosados calcolíticos: Xancra (Cuba, Beja, Portugal) y El Casetón de la Era (Villalba de los Alcores, Valladolid, España). Los resultados del estudio sugieren que las líneas concéntricas de fosos que conforman dichos sitios muestran ciertas optimizaciones orientadas a la defensa. No obstante, al mismo tiempo, como fortificaciones ambos exhiben numerosas características no canónicas. En la discusión se plantean dos posibles explicaciones. Según la primera, la ineficiencia de su diseño se debe a la ignorancia por parte de sus constructores de algunos de los principios más elementales de la poliorcética. Según la segunda, la elección de su lugar de emplazamiento, así como su diseño arquitectónico, se llevaron a cabo con otros propósitos además del puramente militar, o por encima de este.
Siret revisited: The metals in the British Museum’s Siret collection.
Authors: Murillo Barroso Mercedes , Montero-Ruiz Ignacio , Lackinger Aaron , Wilkins Neil , Hook Duncan
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the analytical study of the metal objects from the Siret Collection held by the British Museum. X-ray Fluorescence has been conducted to determine their elemental composition and by lead isotope analysis (by MC-ICP-MS) to determine their origin. We combine this new data with extant analyses to discuss and reinterpret the role of bronze alloys in Argaric society and the diversity of exploited mining resources.
Aproximación cultural y arqueológica a Grecia: la “Misión de Estudios” de 1934.
Authors: Manzano Sánchez Luis
Published: March 2024

Se pretende dar a conocer un nuevo punto de vista y enfoque de la “Misión de estudios a Grecia” organizada por la Facultad de Historia de la Universidad de Valladolid en el año 1934. Detallaremos el itinerario seguido y nos centraremos en los comentarios de algunos de sus integrantes de este viaje “en el tiempo” a la Antigüedad clásica cargado de connotaciones histórico-culturales y que buscaba, entre otras cosas, un estrechamiento en el conocimiento mutuo de ambos países y en el fortalecimiento de las relaciones hispano-griegas
Dekolonialność a nuklearne dziedzictwo Czarnobyla
Authors: Banaszkiewicz Magdalena
Published: March 2024

DECOLONIALITY AND THE NUCLEAR HERITAGE OF CHORNOBYL
In the early spring of 2022, images from the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone circulated around the world, awakening a dormant fear of the nuclear threat in Western societies. The reality of the unpredictability of the consequences of military action in the Zone unveiled new perspectives for interpreting the Chornobyl legacy in the context of causality – from the strategies of physical protection to deconstruction of existing narrations. The article aims to conceptualise the dissonances of the Chornobyl nuclear heritage in the optics of the postcolonial perspective. The discussion begins with a presentation of the main assumptions of critical heritage studies as a framework for a presentation of Chornobyl as a cultural nuclear heritage. The analysis of a case study offers an insight into the process of revisiting heritage in relation to changing socio-political conditions. It also contributes to the wider discussion on decoloniality of the post-sovietworld.
Dyskursy historyczne państw bałtyckich jako instrument ochrony młodych demokracji po rozpadzie ZSRR
Authors: Jundo-Kaliszewska Barbara
Published: March 2024

HISTORICAL DISCOURSES OF THE BALTIC STATES AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR THE PROTECTION OF YOUNG DEMOCRACIES AFTER THE COLLAPSE OF THE USSR: SELECTED ASPECTSThe aim of the article is to discuss selected elements of the historical policy of the Baltic states, tracing the process of shaping their official historical discourse – from post-Soviet nationalist narratives and the glorification of interwar independence to the pro-Western freedom narrative. The starting point of the research is the hypothesis that the top-down memorisation processes of the Baltic states, the centre of which were anti-Sovietism and nationalism, were an effective instrument for protecting the young democratic systems in the Baltic Sea against both the neo-imperial attempts of Putin’s Russia and the autocratic inclinations characteristic of other countries created after the collapse of the USSR.
Investigating the motivational teaching strategies of an English native speaker lecturer
Authors: Soviyah Soviyah
Published: March 2024

Motivation plays a very important role in the success of learning a foreign language. Motivation can come from the teacher. Ways a teacher uses to increase students’ motivation in learning a foreign language are called Motivational Teaching Strategies. The aims of this research are to investigate the motivational teaching strategies used by an English native speaker lecturer and to know the students’ responses toward the Motivational Teaching Strategies used by an English native speaker lecturer. The type of this study is a qualitative research. The subjects involved are an English native speaker lecturer and 23 students of the third semester of the English Education Department, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta. To collect the data, it was done using classroom observation, interview, and classroom survey.  The research was conducted in Universitas Ahmad Dahlan during the pre-pandemic, around the end of 2019 and the beginning of 2020. To analyze the data, qualitative descriptive was utilized as the main technique. Using Dornyei’s framework of Motivational Teaching Strategies containing 48 items, the results of this study showed that the English native speaker lecturer applied almost all of the strategies of the Motivational Teaching Strategies by Dornyei (2001), which are divided into four categories:  creating the basic motivational conditions, generating initial motivation strategies, maintaining and protecting motivation, and encouraging positive retrospective self-evaluation. There were few strategies, however, that were not yet implemented because of some considerations.  In terms of the students‟ responses, the students mostly saw and agreed that the English native speaker lecturer applied the Motivational Teaching Strategies in the classroom.
How digital immigrants differ from digital native teachers in implementing technology in the classroom
Authors: Rokhyati Umi , Ramadhani Rizka
Published: March 2024

Learning culture in recent years has shown that we are following the 21-century learning system where technology has a crucial role in it. Technology implementation in the learning activity depends on the teachers' digital competence: digital immigrant and digital native teachers. This study investigated how technology is used by English teachers, focusing on the differentiating factor in implementing technology of two different generations.  This descriptive qualitative study involved English teachers from different generations; a teacher with 7 years of teaching experience and another with 22 years teaching experience. An in-depth semi-structured interview was conducted to collect the data. The Apple Classroom Tomorrow (ACOT) framework was used to analyze how the digital immigrant and digital native teachers in the classroom implement technology. The results are that the digital natives and immigrants differ in implementing technology because of age and experience, student motivation, and ICT facility. Generation Z is a participant in the EFL teaching-learning process in the digital age, and this study demonstrates that the digital competence of the teachers must be developed in order to meet their needs.
Teacher professional development during COVID-19 pandemic: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Purwanti Eko , Anggraini Ririn , Agustina Noor Qomaria
Published: March 2024

Teacher Professional Development (TPD) is any activities conducted by teachers to upgrade their teaching skills in order to maintain their professionalism. The activities of TPD have recently been greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in the termination of almost all TPD activities. The study aimed at investigating TPD among English language secondary school teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic focusing on its opportunities and challenges. Using qualitative approach and descriptive qualitative research design, the study involved four English language teachers at two Secondary Schools in Yogyakarta as the participants.  In-depth interviews with these four participants were conducted to achieve the objectives of this study. The findings of the study discovered that mastering the technology, improving the competency in designing online class, improving the competency in class management skill, and building peer collaboration among teachers were all the opportunities experienced by the teachers in conducting TPD activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, teachers’ lack of digital competency, unstable internet network, limited number of TPD activities, and inadequate support system were the challenges experienced by these teachers in conducting TPD activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings imply that despite the difficult times these English teachers faced during COVID-19 pandemic, they managed to improve their qualities as teachers by maximizing the opportunities of conducting TPD.

Keywords: Professional, teacher competences, COVID-19 pandemi, Teacher Professional Development, opportunities, challenges
Unveiling the digital classroom: Exploring students' perspectives on engaging online discussions in English language education at a private university in Yogyakarta
Authors: Hatmanto Endro Dwi , Pratolo Bambang Widi , Baskoro Cahyo , Sudarsi Sri
Published: March 2024

The integration of technology in education has transformed the teaching and learning of the English language. Online discussions had gained significant attention due to their potential to enhance students' linguistic proficiency, critical thinking skills, and overall engagement. However, there was a lack of research on students' perspectives on engaging in online discussions specifically within the context of English Language Education departments at private universities in Yogyakarta. This study aimed to address this gap by exploring students' experiences, perceptions, and challenges when participating in online discussions at a private university in Yogyakarta. The research investigated the benefits, drawbacks, and challenges encountered by students in online group discussions. A qualitative research methodology was employed, and data was collected through interviews with five English education students. The findings revealed that engaging in online discussions offered benefits such as increased interest, flexibility, improved preparation and performance, and enhanced writing skills. However, limitations included the loss of an authentic discussion experience, inadequate acquisition of detailed information, and frustration due to a lack of responses and comments. Challenges faced by students included low internet connection. The study contributed to the existing literature by shedding light on students' perspectives and informing pedagogical practices in the specific context of English Language Education in Yogyakarta's private universities.
Entre o passado e o presente: a cobertura do impeachment de Fernando Collor pelo Jornal do Brasil (1992-1993)
Authors: Domingos Brandi Cachapuz Pedro , Feres Junior João
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo pretende analisar o posicionamento do Jornal do Brasil quando do processo de impeachment de Fernando Collor no Jornal do Brasil, por meio da análise de seus editoriais. O objeto principal da pesquisa corresponde aos editoriais publicados entre os dias 10 de maio de 1992 (data da publicação da primeira denúncia sobre o caso PC Farias) e o dia 6 de janeiro de 1993 (dia que marca o tempo de uma semana após a aprovação do impeachment no Senado). Alguns autores já identificaram o posicionamento favorável a Collor adotado pelo JB na eleição de 1994, como Conti (2012), e Sallum Jr. (2015). Mas não há na literatura uma análise detalhada de como isso se deu. O objetivo deste artigo é contribuir para sanar essa lacuna, focando especificamente no período do processo de impeachment sofrido pelo presidente. Utilizamos as metodologias da análise de enquadramentos e análise de valências no tratamento dos textos selecionados. Entre outras coisas, detectamos uma guinada no posicionamento do periódico às portas do impeachment.
Mulheres jornalistas e as desigualdades de gênero – século XIX, Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Ribeiro Cristiane de Paula
Published: March 2024

O trabalho aborda a discussão sobre as desigualdades de gênero na progressão da profissão de jornalista, uma palavra substantiva que por muito tempo contemplou apenas o gênero masculino. A partir de algumas trajetórias de jornalistas, tais quais Joana Manso e Violante A. X. Bivar e Vellasco (Jornal das Senhoras), Júlia de Albuquerque Sandy Aguiar (Bello Sexo), Francisca Senhorinha da Mota Diniz (O Sexo Feminino), Amélia Carolina da Silva Couto (Echo das Damas), Josephina Álvares de Azevedo (A Família) e Corina Coaracy, buscamos interligar os pontos que levaram a uma evolução dentro da profissão. Analisaremos as estratégias e os caminhos percorridos por elas, junto as formas e as negociações travadas na busca pela legitimação de seus trabalhos. Essas mulheres, ao adentrarem gradualmente na imprensa, construíram uma consciência sobre suas aptidões profissionais para o exercício do trabalho em meados do século XIX no Brasil, aqui especialmente no Rio de Janeiro, e conseguiram com isso reivindicar a designação profissional dentro da categoria.
O alimento e suas múltiplas abordagens na História
Authors: Barreto Amorim Pilla Maria Cecilia , Luiz Simon Everton
Published: March 2024

Apresentação. Revista Maracanan, PPGH/UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, n. 34 - "O alimento e suas múltiplas abordagens na História", setembro-dezembro 2023.
Satisficing in dentistry. Who decides? who benefits? part 2
Authors: Lewis Kevin , Kelleher Martin
Published: March 2024

This three-part series of articles challenges some popular myths about supposedly ‘ideal’ treatment plans and is designed to provoke reflection and stimulate debate. It explains the concept of ‘satisficing’, as opposed to ‘maximizing’, in dentistry, and illustrates how subconscious bias and self-interests might lead supposed experts to promote arbitrary aspirational standards and confuse them with what the law expects (the Bolam Test standard), and what is genuinely in the best interests of an individual patient. It is argued that sound, patient-centred pragmatic planning and treatment is equally valid, with wider applicability than routinely defaulting to a self-serving ‘maximalist’ approach.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The ‘satisficing’ concept has wide and profound application across many fields of dentistry.
England's Chief Nursing Officer 7Ps: a new nursing framework
Authors: Harrison Penny
Published: March 2024

Penny Harrison explores a new nursing framework, launched in November 2023, colloquially termed the ‘7Ps’
Can Autonomy End Farm-Stage Food Waste?
Authors: Bleday Peter
Published: March 2024

PETER BLEDAY, HEAD OF AUTONOMY WITH DANFOSS POWER SOLUTIONS, EXPLORES THE FUTURE IMPORTANCE OF AUTONOMOUS FIELD SOLUTIONS
A Film-Within-a-Film: Mimetic Contagion and the Viewer in Official Competition
Authors: Melcer-Padon Nourit
Published: March 2024

Abstract: "Official Competition" (2021), Gastón Duprat's and Mariano Cohn's sarcastic take about the film industry allows viewers a glimpse behind the scenes, into the phases of film-making, from the first reading to the official opening night, without screening one frame of the film itself. Paradoxically, the use of a mise-en-abyme device lures the viewers closer to the work of art, as they become active participants in the performance of the film. The following article will examine this metadrama and suggest reasons why such double mirroring cultivates greater emotions—of empathy or aversion—thanks to the exposition of the artistic strategies upon which the film is devised. Relying on Roger Caillois's concepts and on Nidesh Lawtoo's take on mimetic pathos, this article shows that the mise-en-abyme device is an important tool for the understanding of the operation of mimetic contagion.
Beyond 100G three-dimensional flexible coherent PON with time, frequency, and power resource-allocation capabilities
Authors: Shen Wangwei , Li Guoqiang , Xing Sizhe , Li Zhongya , Yan An , Wang Jiaye , Chi Nan , Zhang Junwen
Published: March 2024

Emerging services such as 8K/16K high-quality video streaming, virtual reality/augmented reality, beyond-5G mobile Internet, and edge computing are driving the need for even higher speed, capacity, and flexibility in optical access networks. Coherent passive optical networks (CPONs) have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their superior receiver sensitivity and high flexibility for 100G speeds and beyond. Research interest has surged in flexible, multi-dimensional multiplexing schemes that go beyond traditional time-division multiplexing (TDM). To further leverage the flexibility offered by CPONs, this paper proposes and experimentally demonstrates what we believe to be a novel three-dimensional flexible coherent PON (3D FLCS-CPON) for downstream applications. This system offers resource-allocation capabilities in the time, frequency, and power domains. By utilizing digital subcarrier multiplexing and power allocation in both the time and frequency domains, we achieve more flexible and adaptable access rates compared to traditional TDM and frequency-division multiplexing (FDM). We present in detail the operating principles of 3D FLCS-CPON in the downstream, along with steps for power calibration between subcarriers. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the feasibility of 3D FLCS-CPON in the downstream using four subcarriers, achieving a peak data rate of 250Gb/s/λ over a 20-km fiber.
Super-resolution spectroscopy via spectrum slicing with a Fabry–Perot cavity
Authors: Chen Lin , Yang Peng , Xie Boya , Feng Sheng
Published: March 2024

Spectroscopy is one of the most powerful technical tools that are widely used in the study of natural sciences and the development of high technologies. To improve the performance of a traditional dispersive spectrometer, there is a competition between its spectral resolution and the geometric volume; a higher resolution is usually accompanied by a higher cost as well. However, a growing body of evidence suggests an urgent demand for miniaturized spectrometers with high spectral resolution and low costs. In this paper, we propose and study super-resolution spectroscopy via spectrum slicing by use of a Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity combined with a traditional spectrometer. The cavity functions as a spectral filter to slice into discrete pieces the continuous spectrum of the input light. For each given cavity length, the cavity outputs a set of sliced spectral pieces that are then analyzed and recorded by the subsequent spectrometer. By scanning the cavity length, one will have multiple sets of sliced spectral pieces that are then finally fused to recover a resolution-enhanced copy of the input spectrum. A theoretical analysis for the super-resolution spectroscopy is provided to prove the feasibility of the proposal, as further confirmed by MATLAB numerical simulation. The studied spectral analysis technique will benefit the research fields in need of high resolution spectrometers with moderate device volumes and low costs.
Fourier-transform THz spectroscopy based on electric-field interferometry using THz-PMT
Authors: Takahashi Hisanari , Buchmann Tobias O. , Sebek Matej , Lange Simon J. , Kawai Naoya , Katsuyama Kota , Nagumo Ken , Jepsen Peter U. , Omura Takayuki , Satozono Hiroshi
Published: March 2024

We demonstrate a high dynamic range (DR) Fourier-transform-based terahertz (THz) spectrometer by combining a THz photomultiplier tube (PMT) with a metasurface and a conventional Michelson interferometer. Because the THz-PMT response depends on the incident electric-field strength following the Fowler–Nordheim equation, we can directly obtain an electric field interferogram without any synchronized optical probe pulse in contrast to conventional THz-time-domain-spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The DR of the corresponding power spectrum using the proposed method was 4.6 × 105 without the use of a lock-in amplifier. The complex refractive index of a quartz glass plate obtained using the proposed method was in good agreement with the results of conventional THz-TDS.