bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of anti-BK polyomavirus IgG in A Sample of Iraqi renal transplant recipients
Authors: Hammoodi Abed , Ghufran , Mahdi alsaeed , Wisam , Rasul Hussein , Mustafa , Baqer Al-Obaidi , Asmaa , Sattar Abood , Ahmed , A.H. Al-Dabagh Mohammad
Published: December 2022

Background: BK virus, a human polyomavirus, causes nephropathy and allograft loss in renal transplant recipients. Although it was discovered in 1971, understanding of the humoral immune response to BKV is limited.

Objective: To serological detection and level estimation of anti-BK-IgG in renal-transplanted recipients and healthy blood donors as control.

Patients and Methods: Serum samples were collected from 106 renal transplant recipient patients and 100 healthy  blood donors as control groups, and were analyzed for anti-BK IgG antibodies by using quantitative and qualitative Human BK Virus IgG (BK-IgG) ELISA kit for detection and estimation positivity of BK_IgG and titration.

Results: Out of 206 subjects, 114(55.3%) have a positive result for BK-IgG. seropositivity was detected in 54(50.9%) of 106 RTR patients and 60 (60.0%) in the 100 control group, so there was no significant difference between seropositivity of BKV IgG antibody among the studied groups, p =0.191.

Conclusion: The highly significant differences between seropositivity of BK-IgG with high levels of serum creatinine.
The role of anti-TPO as an additional analytical marker in thyroid disease patients in Erbil City
Authors: Shawkat Kawther , Ronia , Tahir Lak , Rebaz , Mohammed Zaki Abdullah Sahar
Published: December 2022

Background: There is a connection among anti-TPO and anti-TG antibodies and levels of thyroid hormone and both alone or in grouping have been utilized to expect perfection of hypo or hyperthyroidism.

Objective: Both alone or in grouping have been utilized to expect perfection of hypo or hyperthyroidism.

Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study achieved in the laboratories of Rizgary Teaching Hospital and Erbil Teaching Hospital in Erbil, Iraq, within the period of May 2020 to April 2021. The study included 66 patients, both males and females included. These patients had clinical indications and were suspected of having a sort of thyroiditis. Anti-TPO electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analysis has been included by the analysts in conjunction with conventional markers immunoassay of thyroid TSH, T3, and Free T4 trusting that this would help in lessening morbidity and related wellbeing concerns. 

Results: There was an increase in the level of anti-TSH antibodies in the hyperthyroidism group (60.6%) which was more than in those with hypothyroidism (36.4%), significant association exist (P≤0.049). Moreover, the level of Anti-TPO Abs was higher among hypothyroidism patients (63.6%) than among hyperthyroidism cases (33.3%), this association was statistically significant (P≤0.014).

Conclusion: Demonstrating the clinical importance of this antibody and the benefit of adding anti-TPO, in combination with TSH and FT4. Addition of one test could potentially save expenditure on long-term diseases such as overt thyroid disease and its attended morbidities.
Analysis of Intracranial Meningioma Recurrence after Surgical Management
Authors: Nashat Mawlood Al-saffar , Nashwan , Khaleel Hammood Imad
Published: December 2022

Background: Meningioma is one of the well-known common primary brain neoplasms that account for more than 20% of intracranial tumors. Intracranial meningioma recurrence after surgery has long been recognized, although the mechanism of recurrence remains unclear.

Objective: To analyse impact of pre-operative and peri-operative measurements in relation to pathological outcome.

Patients and Methods: Retrospectively analysed 72 patients with meningiomas (45) female and (27) male who were treated surgically and re-operated again at our Hawler Teaching Hospital and West Emergency Hospital from June 2017 until June 2021 in Erbil Governorate in Northern Iraq.  Clinical characteristics and demographics possibly associated with tumor recurrence were assessed, including gender, age, clinical symptoms, tumor location, pathology data, and radiotherapy and recurrence rate were closely studied.

Results: A total of 72 cases with meningioma included in the research, in which 17 cases recurrent cases were observed, in total of 72 cases 58 were benign (Grade I), and 14 were atypical/ malignant (Grade II/III). The mean age of patients (SD) was ± 51.2 years and a follow-up duration of 4 years. Overall recurrence rates 23.6% with Male to Female ratio of 0.55:1. Age, and gender could not be demonstrated as significant association factor in tumor recurrence. Factors significantly associated with tumor relapse in the analysis were tumor location at the Foramen magnum and Optic Nerve, both being (50%). The rates of recurrence were significantly high when the degree of removal (by Simpsons Classification) was for grade three (50%) and for grade four and five (70%), compared with 6.3% and 8.8% for grade one or two, respectively. A high recurrence rate was detected when the adjuvant was not received compared with the patients who received radiotherapy. Majority of patients had better outcome.

Conclusion: it was concluded from this study that Meningioma recurrence is well recognized and there are many factors including age, gender, extend of tumor resection, location, histological type of tumor and adjuvant therapy that would determine the pathological outcome and impact on patient’s life.
Organizational and tactical aspects of obtaining criminalistically significant information by an investigator from a forensic specialist during an inspection of the scene
Authors:   Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the DPR named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky, Lyubozhenko I. A.
Published: December 2022

In the article, the author considers the issues of obtaining forensic information during the inspection of the scene of the incident and the problems arising in this regard. The priority role of forensic experts as part of the investigative task force was noted and recommendations were made regarding the solution of individual problems of the investigative task force during the inspection of the scene. The author notes such an important component of the professional activity of a forensic expert as psychological training and increased motivation. The current directions of forensic research involving a specialist of the Forensic Center to inspect the scene of the incident are outlined. Attention is focused on the elimination of the “human factor” in the activities of the investigative task force.
Independence of the investigator in the criminal procedure: myth or reality?
Authors:   Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rossinsky S. B.
Published: December 2022

The reasons that influenced the significant limitation of the procedural independence of the investigator due to a sharp increase in the volume of procedural-administrative and procedural-control powers of the head of the investigative body are identified. One of these reasons is explained by attempts to overcome the consequences of the well-known law enforcement crisis of the 1990s, which led to a decrease in the quality of the preliminary investigation. The second reason is connected with the administrativeization of the Soviet preliminary investigation, with the assignment of classical jurisdictional (judicial-investigative) powers to the executive authorities. As a result, the conclusion is formulated that at present the procedural independence of the investigator is nothing more than another doctrinal myth. Attention is drawn to the fact that discretionary powers in the arsenal of the investigator are actually reduced to a minimum, and the possibility of their use rests on the procedural omnipotence of the head of the investigative body. In conclusion, the prospects for the further development of the preliminary investigation bodies in the context of the subject of this article are analyzed.
Criminalistic characteristics of female crime as the basis for the formation of the investigation methodology
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Shishkina N. E. , Gorbacheva E. V. ,   Irkutsk State University, Shishmareva E. V. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: December 2022

The analysis of women’s crime as an independent type of criminal activity with specific criminalistic properties and features that allow them to talk about the need to form a private investigation methodology. It is revealed that quantitative indicators of the considered type of crime have an unfavorable trend and are characterized by an increase in the share of criminal acts committed by women in the overall structure of crime. The structure of the criminalistic characteristics of female crime is presented, the elements of key importance for the investigation process are identified. The features of the personality of women who commit crimes are considered, their typology is given, taking into account the most important signs for the production of investigative actions.
Early warning as a strategic element in the international framework for disaster risk reduction: causes and needs
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Lisauskaite V. V.
Published: December 2022

The article presents an analysis of international cooperation of States on the formation of early warning systems for disasters. The author considers terminological features, legal regulation, and also identifies problems that exist in the practice of states and the world community as a whole. The study is based on the analysis of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction for the period 2015-2030, as well as other international documents. At the end of the article, the final conclusions are presented.
The arctic zone of the Russian Federation: international cooperation and development prospects
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Meshcherikov V. A.
Published: December 2022

The Arctic plays in international cooperation, due to its geographical location and the wealth of natural resources. The international legal regulation of the Arctic regime is fixed at the level of international multilateral and bilateral agreements. Multilateral international agreements are aimed at regulating the Arctic marine spaces and protecting the environment in this region. Bilateral agreements are aimed at the settlement of border disputes between the Arctic States, as well as economic cooperation. Analysis of bilateral international agreements concluded between the Russian Federation and countries such as Canada, the Kingdom of Norway, the United States of America, as well as the United Kingdom allows us to come to the following conclusions: the issues of international cooperation between the Russian Federation and Canada in the field of trade and commercial relations, environmental protection have been most fully worked out., issues of joint economic activity in the Svalbard archipelago, fishing were resolved and territorial disputes were settled between Russia and Norway. International agreements with other mentioned countries are mainly aimed at establishing territorial borders
State registration of regulations legal acts of the executive bodies subjects of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Shishkin S. I. , Khertuev R. Y. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: December 2022

The article deals with certain topical issues related to the implementation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of the mechanism for state registration of regulatory legal acts of executive bodies. The main issue that the constituent entities of the Russian Federation need to resolve when regulating these public relations is the establishment of the obligation to conduct a legal examination of registered regulatory legal acts. According to the authors of the article, legal expertise must be present during the implementation of state registration, since it is it that allows you to improve the legal quality of the adopted regulatory legal acts, and thereby achieve the goals of introducing the institution of state registration of regulatory legal acts of executive bodies in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation. At the same time, legal expertise can take place both before the moment of state registration, in fact acting as a prerequisite for the latter, and after the state registration of a normative legal act. The article identifies certain problems associated with the implementation of the mechanism of state registration of regulatory legal acts of the executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. So, for example, in many regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the rule is fixed, according to which state registration is carried out only in relation to certain categories of regulatory legal acts, i.e. state registration in these constituent entities of the Russian Federation is partial. In this regard, it is noted that it is necessary to correct federal legislation in terms of ensuring a uniform approach to the legal regulation of issues of state registration of regulatory legal acts of the subjects of the Russian Federation. It is necessary to consolidate the legal norm in the federal law, according to which state registration should be carried out in relation to all adopted normative legal acts, i.e. in perfect order.
The practical significanceof the definition of the element of combined contracts
Authors:   Baikal State University, Rainikov A. S. ,   Managing Partner of Raynikov, Andreev and Partners Law Office
Published: December 2022

The article considers practical aspects of applying the definition of the element to regulation of combined contracts and contracts which are not combined but can be fallaciously qualified as such. It is determined fallacious to qualify a named contract as a combined contract when it is complicated by rights and obligations, which are provided for another named contract but are not essential for it. It is concluded that the typical qualifying mistake is to consider as a combined contract the document which involves two or more agreements as legal relationships. In the case of the contract determining rights and obligations in regard to civil defense facilities it is shown how the identification of the element through the essential rights and obligations for any named contract helps to solve the problems of using combined contracts. It is proposed to refrain from absolutization of the concept of essential contract`s performance when distinguishing between unnamed contracts and combined contracts in so far as agreement combining the elements of various named contracts sometimes can be qualified as unnamed contract. It is found that in addition to a composition of basic elements of contract it is necessary to take into account the constancy of the composition from one contract to another, which becomes an indicator of the unique legal purpose of such contracts. It is concluded that the example of the combined contract with the unique legal purpose is a distribution agreement that has gone from contract with random set of elements to unnamed contract characterized by a stable combination of elements and the legal purpose that is unique to this contract.
Evaluation of the expert's opinion: Criminalistic and criminal procedural aspects
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Koisin A. A.
Published: December 2022

The process of proving in criminal cases consists of many factors, one of which is the use in the process of proving evidence obtained during the investigation of a criminal case or consideration of a criminal case on the merits. As evidence, according to Article 74 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, the testimony of the suspect, the accused, the testimony of the victim, the witness, the conclusion and testimony of an expert, the conclusion and testimony of a specialist, physical evidence, protocols of investigative and judicial actions and other documents can act. At the same time, none of the evidence has a predetermined force and is evaluated in aggregate along with other evidence. The subjects of proof – the investigator (inquirer), the prosecutor, the court, as well as the defense attorney must evaluate any evidence in terms of their admissibility, relevance and reliability, and all in aggregate – their sufficiency for the consideration of a criminal case. Evaluation of the expert’s opinion causes the greatest difficulties in practice for all participants in the proof process, since they have to face evidence, the study of which requires certain skills and knowledge. Based on this circumstance, an attempt has been made to reveal in the article the criminalistic and criminal procedural aspects of such an assessment. Special emphasis is placed on the typical mistakes and shortcomings that experts make when preparing their conclusions, as well as mistakes made by participants in the proof process when studying the text of the expert opinion. Recommendations for correcting such errors are proposed, as well as a recommendation for changing the current criminal procedure legislation.
Психологічна трансформаційна гра «My Dao» як ефективний метод роботи психолога
Authors: Мельник Юрій Борисович , Стаднік Анатолій Володимирович
Published: December 2022

Вступ: Психологи мають володіти широким арсеналом сучасних ефективних методів психологічної практики. Все більш затребуваними стають психологічні трансформаційні ігри, які мають великий потенціал щодо розв’язання широкого кола проблем, пов’язаних з психічним здоров’ям клієнтів. Мета дослідження: дослідити ефективність авторської методики психологічної трансформаційної гри “My Dao” за діагностикою ціннісних орієнтацій Шварца. Матеріали та методи: Учасниками дослідження були 134 особи, серед них 75 чоловіків та 59 жінок віком 17-35 років. Контрольну групу склали 126 особи, серед них 69 чоловіків та 57 жінок віком 18-30 років. За допомогою модуля SPSS Statistics здійснювались розрахунки значень для досліджуваної і контрольної груп. Отримані результати доводять статистичну значимість у значимість. Результати: Найбільша значущість впливу авторської гри на учасників спостерігається на рівні нормативних ідеалів: традиції, конформності, безпеки, гедонізму та універсалізму. Це свідчить про певну зміну їх у бік збільшення гармонії і стабільності, а також зменшення смиренності, прийняття своєї долі. На рівні індивідуальних пріоритетів спостерігається збільшення гедонізму, влади та стимуляції, що вказує на зростання ролі задоволення, успішності, амбітності, прагнення до новизни та глибоких переживань. Отримані високі показники універсалізму, гедонізму, самостійності та конформності вказують на зростання розуміння, терпимості, насолоди життям, самоконтролю, самоврядування, самодисципліни і ввічливості в учасників гри. Висновки: Використання в психологічній практиці трансформаційної гри “My Dao” є ефективним психотерапевтичним методом, який впливає на ціннісні орієнтації учасників, зміну самооцінки і мотивації, розкриття їхніх особистісних ресурсів для вирішення проблем і подальшого розвитку. Ця методика є достатньо універсальною за віковою категорією учасників і за можливістю вирішення психологічних проблем. Ключові слова: психологічна трансформаційна гра, ціннісні орієнтації, мотивація, діагностика, інструментарій, психологічні проблеми.
A lifelong (Informal) Learning Experience in Architectural Design Education: The Case of KBU Department of Architecture with Competitions
Authors: DİNÇER Ahmet Emre , ÖZEREN Ömer , YAĞCI Osman Ziyaettin
Published: December 2022

In Today's conditions, where the information flow is intense, it is known that the education given only in schools is insufficient for architectural education, and the importance of individual development outside of school is increasing. Competitions, whose educational contributions many studies also draw attention to, are one of the essential alternatives for this personal development. It is vital to raise architecture students’ awareness by motivating them to improve their individual experiences thanks to competitions. In this context, a series of competition experiences were held with Karabük University (KBU) architecture students with a promising approach, which is not uncommon in the architectural education process. These national-level competitions based on different contexts were carried out under the authors’ design studio studies. A survey study on these competition experiences has been conducted with contestant and non-contestant students. The survey results were evaluated within the framework of the observations made during the competition and the information obtained from similar studies in the literature mentioned here. As a consequence of this study, positive outcomes were obtained, especially in terms of students' self-confidence and collaboration, with the experimental research carried out at the intersection of professional experience and lifelong learning. It has also been confirmed that competition experiences are an essential motivational tool.
Kentin Sırları ve Sırdaşları: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: EREN Şirin Gülcen , TARİKCİ Salime
Published: December 2022

Konukevi veya sığınmaevi olarak adlandırılan “kentin sırrı” mağdurlara yönelik kamusal bir fonksiyon yapısıdır. Mağdur, kentin “sırdaşı”dır. Mağdurların veya konukevi ya da sığınma evlerinin kentle ve planlama kurumuyla ilişkisine dair akademik çalışmalar kısıtlıdır. Bu Bildiriye; kadın konusundaki çalışmalardaki eksiklikler ile mağduriyet yaratıcı toplumsal bilinç seviyesi ve kamusal uygulamaları nedeniyle Türkiye örneği konu edilmiştir. Bildiride; konukevleri ve bu evlerde konaklayan mağdurların kent, kent kuramı ve kent yaşamı açısından kentle olan ilişkisinin ilgili mevzuat üzerinden tespit edilmesi ve planlama süreci, imar planlarıyla ilişkisi ile planlama bakış açısı ve şehir plancısının dahli bağlamında sorgulanması ve betimleyici bir değerlendirme yapılması amaçlamaktadır. Toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı kentlerin nasıl kurulabileceğine dair olan bu çalışma bulgularının müteakip araştırmalara temel olması ve yön göstermesi hedeflenmektedir. Araştırma yöntemi; bir örneklem üzerinden mevzuat taraması ve literatür incelemesini içermektedir. Şehir plancılarının ve ilgili kesimlerin, sürecin, konukevlerinin konumlarının ve mağdurun kentle ve kentliyle olan ilişkisinin biçiminin belirleyicisi olması ve şehir planlama bakış açısının sürece dahli gerektiği değerlendirilmektedir.
Yapı İçinde Bir Kent Modeli: Esenboğa Havalimanı
Authors: ŞAHİN Fatih , ASLANÖZ Ömer
Published: December 2022

Havalimanı tasarımı, tematik kavramları/söylemleri ve mekanik çözüm gerektiren fiziksel mekân oluşumlarını kapsamaktadır. Kentlerin ve ulaşım ağının gelişimine paralel yeni gereksinimlere yanıt verebilmek için her geçen gün havalimanı sayısı ve büyüklüğü artmaktadır. Mega yapısı içinde farklı bölümlerin/tesislerin ve sistemlerin kullanıldığı bu yapılar, fiziksel ve sosyal mekânları ile kent modeli kurgusu üzerinden kütlesel çözüm odaklı desteklenmektedir. Mekanik ihtiyaçlar işlevselliği ön plana çıkarırken, kent içerisinde farklı yerlere dağılan parçaların ve imaj öğelerinin birarada sunulması, tek örtü altında kentsel oluşum fikrini güçlendirmektedir. Çalışmada, kentlerin okunabilir olmasını sağlayan kriterler, aynı zamanda yapıların da okunabilir olmasını sağlayabilirler söyleminden yola çıkılarak, Türkiye’ de yarışma yoluyla uygulanmış, Esenboğa Havalimanı’nın tasarım ve mekânsal kurgusu incelenmiştir. Başkentin çağdaş yüzünü simgeleyen, 10-25 milyon yolcu kategorisinde Avrupa’da en iyi havalimanı arasında yer alan Esenboğa Havalimanı’nın kullanım süresi içinde, mimari tasarım yaklaşımına bağlı olarak mekânsal okunabilirliğinin araştırılması amaçlanarak, bir kentin bir yapı içinde kurgulanabileceği ortaya konulmuştur. Literatür taraması, alan çalışması ve yolcu gözlemleri neticesinde çalışma verileri elde edilerek fiziksel mimarinin kimlik oluşumunu sağlayan imaj öğelerinin mekânsal yansımaları değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışma, Esenboğa Havalimanı’nın, Kevin Lynch’in ortaya koyduğu bir kentin okunabilirliği için barındırması gereken kentsel imaj öğelerine bağlı olarak analizleri ve ortaya çıkan sonuçları içermektedir.
Kent Meydanları Ve Tasarım Süreci: Şanlıurfa Kızılay Meydanı Örneği
Authors: ENDER Elvan , PİRSELİMOĞLU BATMAN Zeynep , ŞENGÜL Sena , YILDIZ Merve Ceren
Published: December 2022

Meydanlar, kent kimliğinin oluşumunda önemli yeri olan, insanların farklı amaçlar için bulundukları ilk kamusal alanlardan biridir. Zaman geçtikçe değişim ve dönüşüm yaşayan meydanlar, kentlerin yansıması ve hafızası niteliğindedir. Ayrıca meydanlar insanlar arasındaki ilişkiyi güçlendiren ve yeni kent kültürü bağlamında ilişki kurmaya destek olan iletişim alanlarıdır. Bu çalışmada, meydan tasarım sürecinde değerlendirilmesi ve sürece dahil edilmesi gereken ölçütler belirlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda meydan tasarımında, tasarımın ana fikrinin belirlenmesi, farklı rotaların desteklenmesi, ulaşım sisteminin kurgulanması, kentin farklı katmanlarını birleştirmesi, yönlendirme işlevinin sağlanması, meydan ve cephe ilişkisinin güçlendirilmesi konuları ele alınmıştır. Sonuç olarak, meydanın sınırları, sınırların çevreyle ilişkisi ve meydanın topoğrafyası ön planda tutularak toplanma-dağılmayı sağlayan, yönlendirme yönüyle güçlü, işlevsel, kentle bütünleşik ve engelsiz bir meydan tasarlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmadaki tasarım sürecinin ve değerlendirilen ölçütlerin farklı kentlerdeki meydanların tasarım sürecinde yol gösterici olması amaçlanmıştır.
Hatay Kuseyr Platosu Kırsalında Çeşmeler
Authors: TEMİZ Fehime Mine , ÖZKAN Servet
Published: December 2022

Çeşmeler, ilkel strüktürlerine karşın yapıldıkları dönemin üslubu içinde belirli yontusal değerler taşırlar. Kentsel ve kırsal peyzajın bir elemanı olan çeşmeler, sosyal hayat içinde de önemli roller üstlenmiştir. Bu makalenin konusunu, Kuseyr Platosu kırsal yerleşimlerinde bulunan çeşmeler oluşturmaktadır. 2011-2017 yılları arasında, “Hatay İli Türk ve İslam Dönemi Yüzey Araştırması kapsamında”, Yayladağı ve Altınözü İlçelerine bağlı 11 köyde tespit edilen 24 çeşme, mimarlık ve sanat tarihi açısından incelenmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin kültür envanterine ve kırsal yerleşim dokusunun analizine katkıda bulunmak, Kuseyr örneklerinin Türk-İslam dönemi çeşmeleri içindeki yerini ortaya koymaktır. Kuseyr Platosu çeşmeleri, köylerin iskân alanı içinde bulundukları gibi yerleşim alanı dışında, bahçe tarımı yapılan alanlarda ve yol güzergâhları üzerinde de inşa edilmişlerdir. Topoğrafyaya bağlı olarak çoğunluğu yamaca konumlanmıştır ve istinat duvarları ile desteklenmişlerdir. Köy içlerinde, tamamen bağımsız meydan çeşmeleri de mevcuttur. Tamamı tek yüzlü olan çeşmelerin mimari biçimlenmesi dikdörtgen prizmatik kütle içinde, az sayıda basık ve yuvarlak kemerin yanı sıra ağırlıklı olarak sivri kemerli nişlerle belirlenmiştir. 19. ve 20. yüzyıllarda inşa edilmiş olan çeşmeler, gerek mimari bütünlük gerekse cephe ve niş içi donatılarıyla yalın, klasik Türk çeşmelerinin özelliklerini yansıtırlar ve yapıldıkları dönemde, bölgedeki mimari gelişimle paralellik gösterir.
Kadınların Korunan Alan Tercihlerine Yönelik Rekreasyonel Engellerin Saptanması: Serenler Tepesi Tabiat Parkı Örneği
Authors: AŞIKKUTLU Hüseyin Samet , KAYA Latif Gürkan , AŞIK Yasin
Published: December 2022

İnsanların boş zamanlarında katılmış oldukları rekreasyonel etkinlikler ile yaşam kalitelerini arttırmaları mümkündür. Sahip oldukları kaynak değerleri sebebiyle önemli bir yere sahip olan korunan alanlar, katılımcılara doğa ile iç içe vakit geçirebilecekleri olanaklar sunmaktadırlar. Ancak korunan alanlarda rekreasyonel engeller bazı kullanıcı profilleri üzerinde olumsuz etki göstererek katılımı azaltabilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın amacı kadınların rekreasyon alanı olarak korunan alanları tercih etmesinde etkili olan engellerin belirlenmesidir. Burdur Serenler Tepesi Tabiat Parkı araştırma alanı olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada materyal olarak anket formu kullanılmıştır. Anket formunda rekreasyonel engeller “Güvenliğe dayalı engeller, kişisel engeller, mekânsal engeller, spora dayalı engeller, zamana dayalı engeller ve arkadaşa dayalı engeller” olmak üzere 6 ana kriter altında sınıflandırılmıştır. Anket formu 83 kadın katılımcıya uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS programı kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak kadınların korunan alanları çok az kullandığı ve rekreasyonel tercihlerini etkileyen en önemli faktörün “Güvenliğe dayalı engeller” olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca kadınların demografik özelliklerine (yaş, eğitim, medeni durum, vb.) bağlı olarak rekreasyonel tercihlerinin değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Korunan alanlarda gerçekleştirilen mekânsal planlama ve tasarım çalışmalarında bu çalışmanın sonuçlarının dikkate alınması kadınların rekreasyonel faaliyetlere katılımına katkı sağlayacaktır.
Evaluation of the reliability of the qualitative forensic method "Microscopic examination of textile fibers"
Authors: Bebeshko G. I. , Usov A. I. , Omel’yanyuk G. G. , Lyubetskaya I. R.
Published: December 2022

Methods of qualitative analysis are widely used in various spheres of public activity, including forensic examination. Making the right decisions based on the results of qualitative analysis, necessitates confirmation of the reliability (uncertainty) of the methods which can be provided by the validation procedure. However, the issues related to the validation of qualitative forensic methods are debatable in the absence general regulatory requirements for qualitative analysis methods. We consider a validation procedure of the qualitative forensic technique “Microscopic examination of textile fibers,” which consists in determining a complex of characteristic external features of natural and chemical textile fibers (color, color features, morphological features) using a microscope, as well as thickness and presence/absence of a matting agent for chemical fibers. These generic characteristics are used to differentiate the fibers under study in the forensic examination of fibrous materials. The reliability of the methodology and the competence of the performers were selected as validation parameters. The parameters were determined numerically by the likelihood ratio and by the values of the share of false and correct results in the total number of tests. Ten samples of natural and chemical textile fibers from the comparative collection of the Laboratory of forensic examination of fibrous materials of the RFCSE were used for validation. Three experts participated in the experiment independently identified the presence/absence of ten external signs in each of ten samples during a week. Each expert tested a set of one hundred different external features, 39 of them were present in the samples, and 61 were absent. When comparing the test results obtained by the expert with the corresponding regulated (known) external features, a conclusion was made about the level of true or false result for each sample. A low (1.7%) level of false results was revealed in relation to the total number of tests, as well as a low (2.6%) level of false results for each of the experts indicated the reliability of the methodology and competence of the experts. The calculation of the likelihood ratio (LR) showed that the probability of true results in the assessment of a set of features is about 60 times (significantly more than one) higher than the probability of false results, which also indicates the reliability of the technique. The results of the validation experiment allowed us to conclude that the method is suitable for use in solving expert problems in the forensic examination of fibrous materials.
Study of the effect of γ-irradiation of industrial grade cellulose on the products of its esterification
Authors: Ershov B. G. , Komarov V. B. , Kulyukhin S. A. , Seliverstov A. E. , Bondareva V. N.
Published: December 2022

Treatment of cellulose with ionizing radiation (γ-rays, accelerated electrons) provides the possibility to reduce its molecular weight, change the molecular weight distribution, increase the esterification reactivity and affect other physical and chemical characteristics. The acquired properties, in turn, make it possible to obtain then esters with the desired characteristics. We present the results of studying the effect of γ-irradiation of industrial grades of cellulose on the esterification products, i.e., lacquer colloxylins and xanthogenates. It is found that γ-irradiation at a dose of 3 - 5 kGy prior to mercerization leads to an increase in the reactivity of the polymer in the reaction of xanthogenation by more than 30%. Nitro derivatives corresponding to the technical characteristics (conditional viscosity and nitrogen content) of colloxylins of different grades were obtained by irradiation at a dose of 20 and 30 kGy. It is shown that the stages of prehydrolysis and reduction of nitrocellulose viscosity during its treatment in autoclaves can be excluded when producing colloxylins. It appeared possible to reduce significantly the consumption of carbon disulfide in the technology of xanthocarbon production. The results obtained can be used in developing optimal modes and performance criteria for radiation pretreatment of cellulose of different grades during nitration and xanthogenation proceeding from changes in their physical and chemical properties upon γ-irradiation.
Determination of the parameters of suspended particles of arbitrary shape by optoelectronic method
Authors: Semenov V. V.
Published: December 2022

Data on the parameters of suspended particles are required in the electronic, optical, chemical and mining industries, powder metallurgy, atmospheric physics, medicine, etc. We present the results of determining the parameters of suspended particles of arbitrary shape using a combined optoelectronic approach, including a photoelectric method and a digital method of image processing. The results of both methods were used to correct the particle parameters and operational control of the laser emitter radiation. The operation of an optoelectronic device used to determine the parameters is based on the analysis of particle images in four projections, as well as on the registration of radiation scattered by particles and collected by an elliptical mirror. Spectrometry of the disperse composition of aerosols was carried out using a photomultiplier tube. The images of suspended particles for digital processing were obtained using a CCD array. It is shown that the applied image processing algorithms make it possible to remove noise, correct a background, improve the boundaries, determine the binarization threshold, exclude small particles, select closed areas and boundaries, split the image into the parts and count the number of particles in each of them, determine the parameters and classify the particles. Moreover, it becomes possible to restore the volumetric shape of a suspended particle and display the main characteristics on a digital indicator with an accuracy of 1%, which is significantly better than that of known similar devices. The results obtained can be used to control air pollution and improve the accuracy of identification of suspended particles of arbitrary shape.
Study of the corrosion properties of structural steels using magnetic characteristics
Authors: Sokolov R. A. , Novikov V. E. , Muratov K. R.
Published: December 2022

Heterogeneities of the crystal structure and chemical composition, as well as the impurity elements forming inclusions cause deviations of the properties of test object from the required physical and mechanical parameters which significantly affects the reliability and service life of the product. We present the results of studying the susceptibility of structural steels to corrosion in aggressive environment using their magnetic characteristics. Structural-phase transformations occurred in steels under the effect of heat treatment change their properties, including magnetic and corrosion ones. Heat-treated 09G2S, St3, 15XSND steel samples were studied. In addition to the main magnetic parameter — coercive force, we also used spectral characteristics of the samples obtained using a remagnetization curve, magnetic hysteresis loop. The multi-parameter approach with harmonic components was used to identify the corrosion rate and coercive force correlation. Determination of the corrosion rate in this case can be reduced to classical problems of technical diagnostics. It is shown that a complex parameter based on harmonic components obtained using a magnetic hysteresis loop and the corrosion rate exhibit a pronounced correlation which provide developing a non-destructive method for predicting the corrosion resistance of structural steels. The results obtained can be used to improve the rapid method for determining the corrosion-hazardous zones of steels using the magnetic parameters.
Methods for characterizing the interfacial adhesion in thermal barrier coating systems
Authors: Fedorova E. N. , Sukhodoeva N. V. , Moskvichev V. V. , Ogoreltceva N. V. , Klimkin Yu. O.
Published: December 2022

Thermal barrier coatings (TBC) are widely used to protect the hot section structural components, such as aircraft gas turbine, against hot corrosion and large thermal gradients during the service life. The resistance to interfacial debonding (adhesion) is one of the key factors for predicting the TBC durability during operation. The goal of the study is analysis of the existing approaches to quantification of the interfacial adhesion for multi-layered thermal barrier coating systems and thermally-grown oxide on Ni-based superalloys and discussion of the problem regarding the reasons for a large spread of the adhesion characteristics. Theoretical prerequisites for determining the adhesion characteristics are considered to provide a theoretical background for quantification of the interfacial adhesion. The absence of national standard tests applicable to TBC is marked along with a significant scatter of the values obtained using international test-regulating documents and proprietary technologies. The values of the intensity of the strain energy release are found to vary from 0.3 to 230 J/m2depending on the method for measuring adhesion, experimental details and type of the system considered. The factors that determine a large spread of the interfacial adhesion values were divided into two groups: 1 — intrinsic, attributed to the features of TBC layer formation and temperature affecting the value and distribution of residual strains and stresses and direction of the failure initiation; 2 — extrinsic, which are related to test conditions and technique of experimental data processing. A complex approach involving both intrinsic and extrinsic parameters is required to address the problem of interfacial adhesion quantification.
The use of full-scale tensometry for studying the stress state of new power equipment
Authors: Maslov S. V.
Published: December 2022

Creation of the new generation of power equipment (nuclear reactors, gas turbine plants, special power plants) with increased operational parameters and meeting high safety requirements, entails the goal of creating novel domestic methods for determining stresses and strains that occur in the most critical elements during operation of such installations. The new approaches, including the restoration and development of domestic competencies in the creation of means for experimental control of deformations in elements of the equipment at high temperatures are proposed. The results of developing indirect methods providing determination of the deformations at the most critical points of the structure based on solutions of the inverse problems of experimental mechanics are presented. Improved algorithms for processing experimental information and determining strains from measured stresses are considered for the case of inelastic behavior of the structural material in the zones of tensometric measurements. The improved hermetic strain gauges resistant to lead and sodium coolant are proposed for experimental determination of the deformations that occur on the internal surfaces of the liquid metal coolant circulation circuit of new nuclear reactors of BN and BREST types. The results of tests of the developed measuring instruments in liquid sodium medium at a temperature of 540°C during bench tests are presented. In conditions of increased requirements for assessing the effect of the strain gauge creep on the measurement results obtained at high temperatures, a stand design has been developed that makes it possible to determine the boundaries of a possible error at temperatures up to 600°C under dynamic loading of the structure. To determine the stresses arising at dangerous points of the heat exchange equipment of BN type reactors located in inaccessible areas of the inner surface of the facility, an iterative algorithm for solving the inverse problem of thermoelasticity is proposed, using the measured values of stresses and temperatures on the outer surface of the structure. A set of improvements to the traditional method of full-scale tensometric study is proposed proceeding from of the analysis and implementation of the data obtained.
To the 95th birthday of Evgenii Mikhailovich Morozov
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: December 2022

10 декабря исполнилось 95 лет Евгению Михайловичу Морозову, профессору Национального исследовательского ядерного университета «МИФИ», Заслуженному деятелю науки РФ, почетному профессору НИЯУ «МИФИ», члену редколлегии и секции «Механика материалов: прочность, ресурс, безопасность» журнала «Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов».
The relationship between initial lactate levels and outcomes in patients diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis in the emergency department
Authors: Alışkan Halil , Kılıç Mazlum
Published: December 2022

Background/Aim: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an endocrinological emergency frequently seen in emergency departments (ED). It can result in mortality if not treated appropriately. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between baseline lactate levels and patient outcomes in DKA patients admitted to the emergency department (ED).
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was carried out in the ED of a tertiary hospital between May 2022 and November 2022 using the data of patients diagnosed with DKA. Patients with missing data, patients transferred from another hospital, patients with a diagnosis other than DKA, and patients who could not be followed up were excluded from the study. The primary outcome of the study was admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and/or in-hospital mortality. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) regression analyses to predict critically ill patients with lactate levels.
Results: The study was completed with 95 patients. The mean age of the patients was 53.1 years and n = 46 were female. Twenty (21.1%) of these patients were admitted to the intensive care unit and 22 (23.2%) died. The statistical analysis showed that lactate levels were statistically significant in predicting critically ill patients (P < 0.001). ROC analysis showed that a lactate level of 2.6 mmol/dL could predict critically ill patients. The area under the curve was 0.823 (95% confidence interval: 0.731-0.894, sensitivity: 71.4, Specificity: 69.8), the Youden index was 0.476, and the P-value was 0.001.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, there is a significant relationship between the initial lactate levels in DKA patients and patients who will require critical care. Therefore, lactate can be used as an appropriate follow-up tool in the management of DKA patients.
About the First Composition of the Students of the Mozdok Ossetian School
Authors: Basieva Zalina M.
Published: December 2022

One of the well-known documents on the history of the origin of school education in Ossetia of modern times is the Vedomosti of 1767, published many times in various scientific collections, compiled in the office of the Kizlyar commandant with a list of students of the first Mozdok school. The information presented in this document remains practically the only source of information for researchers on this topic. In the scientific Ossetian literature, the composition of the students has not received additional identification to date. This is especially true for schoolchildren represented by the Narsk district, they remain known under the surnames given to them by the patronymics of their fathers in 1767 “Peter Pariyev, Pavel Davydov, Khariton Khristoforov.” The paper attempts to identify students and their parents represented by the Narsk district. A more complete identification of the first schoolchildren of 1765–1766 gives us the opportunity not only to clarify their family affiliation, but also to reveal the socio-political significance of the establishment of the school and show the desire of the Ossetian elites to connect the future of Ossetia with Russia. The new generation, having found the opportunity to receive a school education within the walls of a Russian educational institution in Russian, received, in turn, a reliable basis for further development and entry into Russian military and secular structures. The initial task of both the Russian authorities and the Ossetian elites at this stage of relations, of course, was to fill the staff of the Ossetian spiritual commission with natural Ossetians who received the appropriate education and were prepared to work not only in the commission, but also in the civil administration. The recruitment of students to the school for Ossetian children established in Mozdok by the Russian government in 1764 goes, according to sources, in the first two years of the school’s operation in close connection with the activities of the minister of the Ossetian spiritual commission, Gregory, who became archimandrite as a result of his services in this matter.
Problems of Energy Security in the South Caucasus after the August 2008 War
Authors: Dudaiti Albert K.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the energy component of regional relations in the South Caucasus after the Caucasian crisis of 2008. The problems in the export of energy resources from the region that arose as a result of the Russian-Georgian armed conflict in August 2008 are revealed. There is a desire of the European Union and Turkey to fill the gap in the implementation of investment programs, including energy, after the rupture of relations between Georgia and Russia and the weakening of their role in the energy sector in the South Caucasus. It is stated that in the conditions of increased competition in the region, a formula for energy export routes has not been developed that satisfies all interested parties. In this regard, the Nabucco project could contribute to solving this problem, but the European Union did not have the tools to help resolve conflicts in the South Caucasus. This reduced the effectiveness of its efforts to transport energy carriers and, at the same time, significantly increased the role of Turkey in the creation of Turkey’s interests in regional cooperation with Russia are traced, and its increased role in the creation and operation of key energy pipelines in the South Caucasus is revealed. A general analysis of the geopolitical situation in the region after the August 2008 war concluded that the global economic crisis, lack of investment in the energy sector, and the growing influence of Russia and China in the region were key factors complicating the creation of a reliably functioning East-West energy transportation corridor through the South Caucasus. vvvv