bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las comillas en la libertad de Rothbard. El problema de la inasunción biológica en las Humanidades, II
Authors: de la Estigia Atafrascas Orbinio
Published: May 2020

In addition to the common difficulties in clarifying the basic concepts used in Rothbard's theory of the new freedom, there are those that this author strangely includes in the writing of his book, \textit{For a New Liberty. The Libertarian Manifesto}. These provoke in the reader the suspicion of encountering expressive rhetorical forms that Rothbard is unable to elucidate. In particular, when he deals with the concept of freedom and derivatives, which he sometimes uses and at other times he mentions as if the illumination of it in the aforementioned way leads to the assumption that one knows what the author is talking about or what the author is referring to. I wish to show that, despite Rothbard's insistence, his intellectual hope with his new concept of freedom is spurious and does not detect the setbacks that the environment poses to him.
Studi Inventarisasi Pohon di Hutan Aik Bone Desa Aik Bukak Kecamatan Batukliang Utara Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Nurussolihat
Published: May 2020

Aik Bone merupakan daerah kawasan hutan lindung yang terdapat di Lombok Tengah. Hutan ini memiliki ketinggian 445,00 mdpl. Keberlangsungan fungsi hutan lindung sangat ditentukan oleh keberadaan vegetasi didalamnya dan diperlukan upaya pengelolaan yang didasarkan pada analisis vegetasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui jumlah jenis pohon yang terdapat di Kawasan Hutan Aik Bone Kecamatan Batukliang Utara Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, menggunakan teknik analisis vegetasi dengan metode jelajah dengan metode transek sepanjang area penelitian sebanyak 3 transek. Hasil inventarisasi vegetasi tingkat pohon ditemukan 9 jenis tergolong kedalam 5 famili diantaranya famili moraceae, famili anacardiaceae, famili meliaceae, famili apocynaceae dan famili myrtaceae dengan total individu 170. Hasil analisis vegetasi menunjukkan jenis pohon mahoni, terap dan jelatang bulan mendominasi dengan Indeks Nilai Penting pohon mahoni 56,43, pohon terap 37,61 dan pohonjelatang bulan 33,85.
INSTITUTE SUPERVISION AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL OF INSTITUTIONALIZATION IN THE SOCIAL SERVICES OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Lyaziza G. Adilova  , Gulnara A. Abitova
Published: May 2020

The paper presents issues on institutionalization of the social services sphere in Kazakhstan in the framework of social modernization. In particular, it is the issue of increasing professionalism of social workers and supervisory support of specialists who works in special social services. Sociological surveys were conducted using a questionnaire surveys, interviews of experts, social workers. The institutional approach to increasing professionalism and competence of social workers, as well as an effectiveness of social work, was investigated on the basis of public opinion analyses. Based on the results of the empirical and sociological-statistical studies, the most critical factors of social service work have been identified and substantiated. Kazakhstan model of professional support to the provision of special social services is seen in the design of a new institutional model as Cross-Functional Institute of Supervision. This study contributes to optimization of the social work system and effectiveness of social services in future.
Diurnal refuge sharing between species of Cuban snakes of the genus Tropidophis (Squamata: Tropidophiidae)
Authors: Torres Javier , Rodríguez-Cabrera Tomás
Published: May 2020

Snakes of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 have undergone an adaptive radiation in Cuba, where 16 out of the 27 Antillean species occur (Hedges 2002). With this high diversity, coexistence of four species is somewhat common (Rodríguez et al. 2013). Coexistence has been hypothesized to be possible due to differences in habitat use based on body shape (Rodríguez-Cabrera et al. 2016). Even with potential segregating echanisms, it is reasonable to expect certain levels of niche overlap. Herein we report three instances of diurnal refuge shared between species of Tropidophis.
Papillary Thyroid Cancer-Promoting Activities of Combined Oral Contraceptive Components
Authors: Hedayati Mehdi , Rajabi Sadegh , Nikzamir Abdolrahim
Published: May 2020

Background: Thyroid cancer is more common in women at reproductive age, suggesting the relationship between its high-incidence and therapeutic use of hormonal medications, such as oral contraceptives (OCPs). The aim of this study was to identify the effect of low-dose combined OCP (LD-COC) on proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of human papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) BCPAP cell line. Materials and Methods: BCPAP cells were cultured and treated with the combination of 90nM levonorgestrel (LNG) and 20nM ethinylestradiol (EE) for 48 hours. Afterward, using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the proliferation of the cells was measured. Apoptosis was determined by using a Caspase-3 ELISA kit. Migratory properties of combined LNG and EE were studied through wound scratch assay. The expression levels of pro-apoptotic factor BAX, anti-apoptotic factor Bcl2, and proliferation marker Ki67 were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. Results: Upon treatment with the combination of LNG and EE, proliferation and migration of BCPAP cells were significantly enhanced. However, LNG and EE remarkably inhibited apoptosis of these cells. Furthermore, treating PTC cells with combined LNG and EE caused a marked increase in the expression of Bcl2 and Ki67 and a considerable decrease in BAX levels (P˂ 0.05). Conclusion: Our data linked the use of COCs and the progression and aggressiveness of PTC, suggesting the role of these hormonal compounds as promoting factors for PTC tumors. Despite these observations, further investigations will be required to fully establish the pathogenic impact of these medications on PTC. [GMJ.2020;9:e1648]
Methane emissions from muds during low water-level stages of Lake Powell, southern Utah, USA
Authors: Malenda Margariete , Betts Thomas , Simpson Wendy , Wizevich Michael , Simpson Edward , Sherrod Laura
Published: May 2020

The Glen Canyon Dam, along the Colorado River in Page, Arizona, was completed in 1963, creating the Lake Powell reservoir which spans the Arizona-Utah border. The water levels of Lake Powell peaked in 1983 and have declined since, releasing overlying pressure on the underlying sediment. In general, water levels experience seasonal highs and lows, with punctuated periods of considerable and steady decreases (1987 to 1993, 1999 to 2005, and 2011 to 2014) and less dramatic recoveries (1993 to 1999 and 2005 to 2011). This release of overpressure coupled with increasing pore pressures due to biological methane production has created mud volcanoes, structures along the shoreline made of cavities that allow fluid and gas to rise to the surface and escape. Although these sedimentary structures have been assessed using geophysical techniques and excavation to characterize their morphologies and fracture propagation, limited chemical data has been reported on the inputs and products of these gas- and fluid-escape features. This research investigates the relative proportions of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and air (unseparated nitrogen [N2] and oxygen [O2]) gas released, the variability of these proportions through time, and how these gases formed in the subsurface. The field site is along the Lake Powell near Hite, Utah. Three gas samples were collected from mud volcanoes along the delta in July 2014, whereas 21 samples were collected in July 2015 and were analyzed via gas chromatography (GC). The GC analyses from 2014 and 2015 have a mean CH4 concentration of 81.47 ± 9.29 percent of volume (% v/v) and 32.40 ± 15.31% v/v, respectively. In May 2016, 50 samples from 25 vents were collected and analyzed via GC for bulk composition, and 11 of which were analyzed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) for carbon and hydrogen isotope content of CH4. The 2016 GC analysis detected average relative concentrations for CH4, CO2, and air of 74.51 ± 14.08% v/v, 2.82 ± 3.76% v/v, and 22.67 ± 14.28% v/v, respectively. Gas compositions from individual vents varied over the three-day sampling timeframe in the summer of 2016 including CH4 decreases of up to 66% v/v and increases of up to 38% v/v. IRMS signatures of samples collected in 2016 indicate the gasses are in part generated during microbial respiration through hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic methane production.
Leading New Generation Knowledge while Reforming the Teaching Process A Study Case in Albanian Universities
Authors: ÇELO Evis , Çerkezi E. , ÇELO J.
Published: May 2020

In our paper we will have an overview and a case study in Albanian Universities about the new generation of leading knowledge from university to their life. How teaching leadership role and managing -practicing methods need to be applied and how much they have improved students life and which is the real impact! Such Research questions that awaken interest in this field of study (Leading Education) are the objectives of this research (paper). After the 90’s, Albania experienced a series of dramatic changes in the economic, political and social aspects. Inevitably, Higher Education became part of this transitional phase, which continues to exist in Albania. The development of higher education faces every day with new challenges, such as infrastructure development, financial and institutional autonomy management, integration into the European education system, etc. All of these have affected the profound and frequent transformations of the entire higher education system, its education, its policies and resources, which, by the way they are managed, leave an impact on individual and social life by defining so ,the true nature of the system. Some of these problems are placed in the center of attention in our paper, in order to show that In every aspect of learning, should be found the embryos of a vital experience, of a problems posed, from the giving of new knowledge to the organization, the direction and leading of the independent work of students by the pedagogues-(as a leader), giving priority to individual and collective creativity in function of development.
Teacher’s perspectives and practice of multilingualism in a Qazaqstan secondary school
Authors: Crisp Caroline
Published: May 2020

Linguistic diversity, particularly within a STEM programme, is increasingly a desired competency in high schools world-wide. The way in which teachers enact multilingualism in their classrooms is dependent on historical and current, cultural and ideological influences operating within each context. Research suggests there is a knowledge gap concerning how teachers manage integrated, multilingual programmes and how these programmes impact on the teaching and learning processes. What constitutes best practice is uncertain. In Qazaqstan many ambiguities persist about how to scale such a programme country wide (Bridges, 2014) and questions are raised about how to train and prepare future teachers for implementing the trilingual education curricula. The success of such an ambitious programme lies with those tasked with its implementation. The methodology teachers use is known as Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). This paper comments on how such a multilingual programme policy has been transferred into practice within the context of a high school in Qazaqstan, and comments on what is working in terms of the teaching processes as well as highlighting some of the barriers teachers face. By means of a case study, using a mixed methods format, the author finds that multilingualism in the Science classroom has revealed some positive outcomes in terms of raising teachers’ self-efficacy. However, delivery of content to optimise student learning is dependent on the linguistic skill of the teacher, this requires more careful planning in order to ensure programme sustainability.
Teachers’ Language Practices in the Teaching of MATHEMATICS in a Grade Four MULTILINGUAL CLASSROOM, in Zambia
Authors: Mambwe Bareford
Published: May 2020

Zambia has seventy-three (73) recorded languages with seven considered as major languages. The diversity of ethnic groups with their related languages has led to the existence of several traditions and cultural practices which have implications on the education of children. The Ministry of Education introduced the use of a familiar language as a language of learning in primary schools from grade one to four. The current study explored the teachers’ language practices when teaching mathematics in a multilingual class. We sought to establish the language practices of teachers and learners in the process of mathematical knowledge acquisition in the classrooms. The research was carried out in two selected primary schools in Lusaka district, Zambia. The target population was teachers and pupils in the 4th grade whose mother- tongue was not the language of instruction. The research was qualitative in nature and it took the form of grounded interpretative classroom research. The lesson observations and recordings served as empirical basis of the results. The results showed that teachers used code-switching, translation, body language and visuals. The study recommended among other aspects continued use of code-switching as a bridging mechanism between the conversational register and the mathematics academic register.
Crisis y futuro del Estado de bienestar
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: May 2020

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Comunidades autónomas y desarrollo regional
Authors: Fuentes García Fernando J.
Published: May 2020

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La VIII Asamblea de AUSJAL (Universidades latinoamericanas de los Jesuitas)
Authors: Romero Rodríguez, S.I. José Juan
Published: May 2020

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In memoriam: Fallecimiento de Gonzalo Higuera Udías S.J. (25/10/1921 - 17/4/1995)
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: May 2020

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De Cumbre en Cumbre
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: May 2020

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Los jesuitas y la justicia: aportaciones de la Congregación General 34ª
Authors: Romero Rodríguez, S.I. José Juan
Published: May 2020

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El "Plan Real" de Brasil y las trampas de las políticas de estabilización en América Latina
Authors: Kraychete Gabriel
Published: May 2020

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APLIKASI PENYUSUNAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN BERBASIS ANDROID SEBAGAI STRATEGI MEMPERMUDAH MENGELOLA KEUANGAN UMKM DI KOTA TEGAL
Authors: Hetika Hetika , Sari Yeni Priatna , Faidah Yusri Anis , Yasmin Arifia
Published: May 2020

Perkembangan era revolusi industri 4.0 membuka peluang bagi UMKM dalam memasarkan produknya yaitu memberi kemudahan dapat memasarkan produknya melalui internet, namun konsekuensinya para pelaku usaha harus dapat mengantisipasi perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi. Sektor usaha yang tangguh harus didukung dengan pencatatan keuangan yang memadai namun menurut data Kementerian Koperasi dan UKM mayoritas pelaku UMKM khususnya usaha mikro belum memiliki tata kelola administrasi maupun laporan keuangan yang memadai. Belum tersedianya pencatatan keuangan yang memadai menjadi hambatan bagi para pelaku UMKM. Permasalahan ini mendapat perhatian dari pemerintah, akademisi maupun praktisi sehingga akhir-akhir ini muncul bebepara aplikasi yang dapat membantu para pelaku UMKM dalam menyusun laporan keuangan, salah satunya adalah aplikasi “Akuntansi UKM”. Dalam menghadapi era revolusi industry 4.0 pelaku UMKM perlu memahami aplikasi yang dapat membantu dalam mengelola keuangan usaha. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pelatihan dan pendampingan penyusunan laporan keuangan pada UMKM dengan menggunakan aplikasi akuntansi UKM-ID pada UMKM di Kota Tegal. Secara garis besar kegiatan pelatihan ini dapat dinyatakan berhasil dilihat dari antusiasme para pelaku UMKM selama proses pelatihan dan pendampingan penyusunan laporan keuangan. Selain itu, melalui kegiatan pelatihan ini dapat terbentuk forum untuk sharing tentang perkembangan UMKM. Kagiatan ini juga berkontribusi dalam peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan pelaku UMKM.
Teknologi Mesin Pangkas Rumput Beroda Untuk Mengurangi Resiko Kelelahan Dan Kecelakaan Tukang Kebun
Authors: Romadhoni Romadhoni , Razali Razali , Suzdayan Suzdayan
Published: May 2020

Pengelolaan rumput di lingkungan Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis dilakukan untuk memperindah tanaman lanskap maupun sarana luar ruangan. Penerapan pengelolaan rumput yang baik di daerah kampus dapat meningkatkan kualitas estetika bangunan dan lingkungan secara keseluruhan. Alat yang digunakan untuk memotong rumput ditaman di kampus semuanya mengunakan mesin rumput tipe gendong. Penggunaan pemotong rumput manual (tipe gendong) tidak efisien dan juga mengandung resiko kecelakaan. hal ini memungkinkan resiko yang tinggi jika terjadi kelalaian ketika mengoperasikan alat tersebut yang akan berakibat fatal bagi operator, selain itu banyak waktu dan tenaga yang tersita hanya utuk mengoperasikannya. Untuk itu perlu dirancang suatu alat pemotong rumput yang efisien dan dapat mengurangi resiko kecelakaan dalam menggunakan peralatan tersebut dengan memodofikasi mesin rumput tipe gendong menjadi tipe dorong dengan roda untuk mengurangi resiko kecelakaan kerja seperti terkena paku, batu dan pisau serta mengurangi kelelehaan operator terutama tukang kebun
Sosialisasi dan Implementasi Tentang Pentingnya Berperilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat pada Pelajar Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Prihatinta Triana , Taali Muhammad , Shahab Dahris , Srimiatun Srimiatun , Lestariningsih Tri , Femilian Fresdear
Published: May 2020

Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan bagi para siswa sekolah dasar SDN Uteran 01, Kecamatan Geger Kabupaten Madiun tentang pentingnya Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) didalam lingkungan sekolah. Sasaran dari PKM ini adalah pihak sekolah dan siswa kelas 3, 4, 5 dan 6 SDN Uteran 01. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan kegiatan sosialisasi dan implementasi PHBS tentang cara sikat gigi dan cuci tangan yang baik dan benar di sekolah.Hasil dari PKM menunjukkan bahwa tumbuhnya kesadaran dari pihak sekolah dan siswa akan pentingnya PHBS dan pentingnya menerapkan prinsip mencegah lebih baik daripada mengobati. Siswa menjadi tahu cara bagaimana sikat gigi dan cuci tangan dan baik dan benar sehingga dapat dipraktikkan  di sekolah dan kehidupan sehari-hari.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Elektro-Mekanis Untuk Proses Pengolahan Limbah Batik
Authors: Widodo Teguh Dwi , Raharjo Rudianto , Bintarto Redi , Firas Alfian
Published: May 2020

Desa Dermo adalah salah satu dari 14 desa yang ada di kecamatan mojoroto dengan Luas 5.005 M2 dengan jumlah penduduk sebanyak 5.500 jiwa. Desa Dermo berbatasan langsung dengan desa ngonggot disebelah utara, desa Mrican disebelah selatan, desa Maron disebelah Barat dan Desa Jongbiru disebelah Timur. Desa ini sebagian warganya hidup dari pertanian, kerajinan dan industri batik. Desa Dermo merupakan desa unggulan penghasil batik.Industri Batik merupakan industri rumah tangga yang mampu menopang sebagian penduduk desa Dermo.Permasalahan limbah batik akan menimbulkan permasalahan permasalahan lainnya yaitu Ekologi, Kesehatan, Sosial, bahkan Ekonomi. Limbah batik yang dibuang terbukti merusak ekologi lingkungan, menimbulkan beberapa penyakit gatal pada masyarakat sekitar, serta menimbulkan gesekan pada masyarakat. Masalah limbah batik sampai sekarang belum terselesaikan dengan baik dikarenakan harga pengolah limbah yang mahal bagi masyarakat.Solusi utama yang diberikan untuk mitra adalah Alat pengolah limbah batik yang ramah lingkungan, hemat energy, murah, dan mudah pengoperasiaannya. Penggunaan metode Elektro- Mekanik Technology merupan pilihan yang tepat untuk pengolahan limbah sekala UMKM. Mekanisme Technologi ini yaitu dengan memanfaatkan reaksi Anoda dan Katoda untuk menggumpalkan limbah yang ada dan kemudian menyaringnya secara mekanik
What Happens Abroad Stays Abroad?
Authors: Baldt Bettina , Sirsch Ulrike
Published: May 2020

While substantial research focuses on genuine long-distance relationships, there is a lack of studies dealing with temporary long-distance relationships due to studies abroad. The present study with Austrian students tried to uncover differences between couples who terminated versus those who sustained their relationship during the exchange period. Participants (N = 119, 73.9% females, Mage = 24 years) were asked about perceived changes in the relationship due to their exchange experience, which they mainly spent abroad in Europe. Couples sustaining their relationship had more in-person contact. Thus, visits are essential for maintaining long-distance relationships during time abroad. In addition, participants still in their relationship after the exchange noticed different effects of changes on their relationship than did couples who separated.
Chinese International Students’ Experiences in a Canadian University
Authors: Ge Lin , Brown Douglas , Durst Douglas
Published: May 2020

The study employed ethnographic inquiry to present the lived experiences of Chinese international students while attending the University of Regina, Canada. The findings displayed the transformative experiences of this group, including language acquisition, academic and social challenges, and the strategies by which the cultural group attempted to overcome the challenges with gender comparison. The study highlighted specific challenges affecting Chinese female students as they labor to overcome sexism and patriarchy on two continents. Cultural stereotyping and negative labeling were also evaluated in detail. Arguably, the findings might potentially impact education/social policies and university protocols as impinging vulnerable groups. Recommendations were made to alleviating difficulties for the group in facilitating a more supportive learning process within the university environment.
Mental Health Problems of U.S. Students Studying Abroad
Authors: Poyrazli Senel , Mitchell Michael A.
Published: May 2020

This study describes mental health problems and needs among a sample of college students from the United States studying abroad in Italy. Overall, students surveyed had relatively low clinical diagnostic thresholds for psychological distress. Individual symptoms were more prevalent and included difficulty sleeping, eating problems (poor appetite or overeating), irritability, and anxiety. Findings from this study offer recommendations for study abroad professionals to screen, monitor, and engage students about their mental health well-being while abroad.
Exploring East Asian Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions about the Effectiveness of their Preparation for Study Abroad for Academic Success in U.S. Universities
Authors: Chen Meiren , Bang Hyeyoung
Published: May 2020

We use grounded theory as a framework to explore how preparation for studying abroad affects the academic success of East Asian undergraduate students in U.S. universities. Based on interviews with twelve participants from China, Hong Kong, South Korea, and Taiwan, we found that knowledge of English language and American culture, which is highly involved with their preparation for study abroad and their undergraduate study in the U.S, are two core categories affecting East Asian students’ academic success. High levels of preparation for study abroad help East Asian students better adapt to American universities. At the same time, East Asian students spend more time on English proficiency tests than learning the culture both before and after they arrive to the U.S., which can be detrimental. We suggest that U.S. universities provide more support for cultural adaptation such as learning communities to have active cultural exchanges within context.
Post-Degree Intentions of Female International Undergraduate Students Studying in Malaysia
Authors: Kelly Alison , Bennett Dawn , Giridharan Beena , Rosenwax Lorna
Published: May 2020

Higher education has been positively linked with increased opportunity for women, including enhanced employability, increased migration, enriched cultural capital, and improved language skills. With the number of international students rising, understanding postdegree intentions is increasingly important for institutions, policy makers, and administrators. This qualitative study explored the postdegree intentions of female international undergraduate students at the Malaysian campus of an Australian university. In-depth interviews were conducted with students from a range of degree programs and data was studied using thematic analysis. Findings revealed that postdegree intentions were substantially influenced by other people and policies; a common aspiration was to balance career and family; postdegree intentions were not solely career-focused; and the students anticipated discrimination and inequality but were determined to successfully navigate these.
Predictors of Cognitive Skills Development Among International Students
Authors: Curtis Christie Joy
Published: May 2020

For international students, seeking a tertiary education outside of their home countries has been a common practice for centuries. However, recent years have brought a significant influx in the number of international students entering the United States to procure a postsecondary education. In 2018–2019, Open Doors (Institute for International Education, 2019) reported an increase in the number of international students studying in the United States for the 14th consecutive year. Because maintaining this stream of international students is of utmost importance to university officials, they strive to meet the educational goals of this student population. Understanding factors that impact the academic achievement of international students is critical. The background characteristics, precollege characteristics, and college experiences of international students have been found to predict cognitive skills development, and cognitive skills development has been linked to optimal academic achievement and student satisfaction.
The Road to the Baccalaureate
Authors: Ghazzawi Dina , McKinney Lyle , Horn Catherine Lynn , Carales Vincent , Burridge Andrea
Published: May 2020

International students are increasingly enrolling in U.S community colleges as a starting point to their higher education. However, limited research examines the factors contributing to their successful transfer to a 4-year institution and bachelor degree attainment. Utilizing longitudinal transcript data from a large community college district in Texas, this study uses hierarchical logistical regression to compare college experiences and transfer outcomes based on region of origin. Findings demonstrate that while Sub-Saharan African students have a significantly higher probability of transfer than Asian and Latin American students, the majority of bachelor degree recipients were Asian students graduating in STEM fields. Delayed enrollment into college and academic preparedness in math were negatively associated with transfer for Latin American and Caribbean students.
“Chinese Students Themselves Are Changing”
Authors: Heng Tang Tang
Published: May 2020

Given how China has been the top source of international students worldwide, there has been growing media and research interest in Chinese international students. However, much of the narratives tend to focus on their struggles. In this commentary, I draw upon insights from my personal experience as an international student and, consequently, research on Chinese international students to illuminate alternative ways of understanding Chinese internationals and the reasons for why these perspectives around international students are necessary.
A Longitudinal Study on International Students’ Stress, Problem Focused Coping and Cross-Cultural Adaptation in China 来华留学生跨文化压力应对和适应研究
Authors: English Alexander , Chi Ruobing
Published: May 2020

We conducted a longitudinal study to explore how the relationship between perceived cultural distance, stress- and problem-focused coping strategies may influence socio-cultural adaptation for international students in China. We collected longitudinal data on overseas students during the Fall semester of September 2013. Data were recollected 90 days later. The results show that: (1) perceived cultural distance did not predict the outcome of socio-cultural adaptation; (2) non-Asian students used more problem-focused coping strategies than Asian students; (3) interaction effect between stress, coping strategy and culture of origin is significant: for non-Asian students, problem-focused coping strategies alleviated the negative impact of stress on adaptation; and for Asian students, problem-focused coping strategies exacerbated the negative impact of stress on adaptation.有研究显示个体和集体主义文化背景下，人们应对跨文化适应压力的方式不同，但目前还缺乏在非西方背景下对相关结论的验证。因此，本研究以来华留学生为研究对象，采用纵向设计，探究了文化距离、压力和问题应对策略与社会文化适应之间的相关关系。研究对象为121名在华留学生（亚洲人=52人，非亚洲人=69人），数据收集间隔90天。研究发现：(1) 感知文化距离不能预测社会文化适应结果；(2) 非亚洲留学生相比亚洲留学生使用更多问题中心应对策略；(3) 压力X应对X种族的交互效应显著：对非亚洲群体，问题中心应对策略能够缓解压力对于适应的消极影响；而对亚洲群体而言，问题中心应对策略加剧了压力对于适应的消极影响。
Dilemmas and Coping Strategies of Chinese International Students’ Mental Health Problems
Authors: Jin Lan , Acharya Lalatendu
Published: May 2020

Talking about mental health issues like depression with parents is a challenging exercise for Chinese international students (CISs) as well as their parents due to their cultural context and family hierarchical structure. This study engages with the parents of CISs to identify their dilemmas and coping strategies employed to discuss depression with their children studying in United States. Thirteen Chinese parents of CISs were recruited into in-depth interviews. A constant comparative method was employed for data analysis. The results revealed that the parents struggled with different dilemmas while talking about depression. Four coping strategies emerged: (a) communicating openly, (b) improving understanding through social media and shared experiences, (c) respecting, being sensitive, and not being judgmental, and (d) encouraging help-seeking and support-seeking. The findings provide crucial insights for mental health interventions involving parents of CISs.
American Undergraduate Students’ Experiences in Conversational Partnerships with Chinese International Students
Authors: Sato Takahiro , Miller Ryan
Published: May 2020

The purpose of the current study was to describe American domestic students’ experiences interacting with international students in a conversation partner program at an American university. This study used in-depth, semi-structured interviews grounded in positioning theory. Seven American students (three men and four women) participated. They served as conversation partners of Chinese international exchange students every fall semester. Four major interrelated themes emerged from the data. They were (a) seeking strategies for overcoming intercultural communication challenges, (b) addressing challenges for explaining sarcasm concepts, (c) finding mutual hobbies and interests, and (d) integrating field trips into the conversational program. This study encourages academic departments and faculty to develop a study group of conversational partnerships associated with value, origins, languages, and cultures of international students. This will contribute to a greater appreciation of the richness of diversity and to meaningful academic and social experiences at American universities for all students.
Be Our Guest
Authors: Eckhart Robert
Published: May 2020

One of the most fundamental relationships in Chinese culture is host and guest. This editorial describes eight things institutions can do to be a better host to Chinese student guests.
Global Citizenship Development
Authors: Kishino Hinako , Takahashi Tomoko
Published: May 2020

The present study examined the development of global citizenship traits in undergraduate students at a liberal arts college in Southern California. Two hundred and sixty-eight students participated in a survey that measured their global citizenship traits. Using a cross-sectional correlational design, the study examined the experience and development of the students as they strive to become global citizens. The results indicated that students face challenges and a sense of discomfort during study abroad, but their global citizenship traits tend to improve after return. Additionally, the study explored students’ perceptions of the curriculum, co-curricular activities, and campus life characteristics. The quantitative analyses suggested that the college’s mandatory study abroad program offers students an opportunity to seek their global citizenship identities.
An Examination of Ethnic Identity, Self-Compassion, and Acculturative Stress in Asian International Students
Authors: Tian Lu , McClain Shannon , Moore Marisa M , Lloyd Howard
Published: May 2020

There is a dearth of research examining psychosocial factors that contribute to Asian international students’ acculturative stress. This study examines: (a) whether ethnic identity associates with acculturative stress, (b) whether other-group orientation mediates the relation between ethnic identity and acculturative stress, and (c) whether self-compassion moderates the relation between ethnic identity and acculturative stress. Results indicated that a stronger ethnic identity was associated with heightened acculturative stress. Self-compassion was significantly negatively associated with acculturative stress. Asian international students who strongly affiliated with their own ethnic group reported an increased openness to other ethnic groups and, in turn, reported reduced acculturative stress. Additional studies should examine other mediators that may explain the positive correlation between ethnic identity and acculturative stress.
(IN) beitragsabhängige Justiz im allgemeinen System der sozialen Sicherheit: RGPS unter dem Gesichtspunkt der versicherungsmathematischen Wissenschaft unter dem Gesichtspunkt des Einkommens und des faktors der versicherungsmathematischen sozialen Sicherheit
Authors: Rocha Matheus Carneiro , Araújo Jamille Carla Oliveira , Santos Neuma Teixeira Dos
Published: May 2020

Fragen im Zusammenhang mit der öffentlichen sozialen Sicherheit haben zu einer breiten Debatte zwischen Gesellschaft und Regierung geführt. Der Durchschnittsbürger kümmert sich um die gerechte Maßnahme zwischen dem, was er in der Gegenwart zahlt, und dem, was er in Zukunft aus der Rente erhalten wird. Vor diesem Stellenziel zielt dieser Artikel darauf ab, nach den Grundlagen der versicherungsmathematischen Wissenschaft die gerechte Maßnahme zwischen dem Wert der Beiträge (Zahlungen) und dem Wert der Leistungen (Ruhestand) zu definieren, die vom Allgemeinen System der sozialen Sicherheit verwaltet werden – RGPS als Instrument der sozialen (In-)Justiz. Die Methode, die verwendet wurde, um alle Parameter zu erhalten, die für das RGPS sowie für das versicherungsmathematische System der sozialen Sicherheit relevant sind, war die Schaffung von Situationen, in denen Männer und Frauen unter bestimmten Bedingungen des Eintritts in das System der sozialen Sicherheit mit dem Anfangsalter, dem Rentenalter und dem Beitragsgehalt beteiligt waren, und aus diesen Inputdaten wurden die Beitragswerte und Leistungen im Rahmen des Matlab-Programms berechnet. , wobei Berechnungen als Berechnungsroutine operationalisiert wurden. Die Ergebnisse waren nach Geschlecht (männlich oder weiblich) und Einkommensbereich segmentiert, es wurde beobachtet, dass der Beitragssatz der sozialen Sicherheit, der wichtigste Parameter zur Definition des Wertes der Beiträge zum RGPS, von 28 % bis 31 % im Vergleich zu der von der versicherungsmathematischen Wissenschaft berechneten Quote von 16 % bis 17 % für Männer und 13 % bis 14 % für Frauen sehr hoch ist. Es wird der Schluss gezogen, dass für den normalen Bürger, der den geltenden Regeln des RGPS unterliegt, die Höhe der gezahlten Beiträge, die die erhaltenen Altersleistungen widerspiegeln, von der gerechten Maßnahme abweichen, die von der versicherungsmathematischen Wissenschaft berechnet wird, daher wurden keine Faktoren beobachtet, die bezeugen, dass das RGPS dem Steuerzahler und damit der Gesellschaft gerecht ist.
(IN) giustizia contributiva nel regime generale di sicurezza sociale: RGPS dal punto di vista della scienza attuariale dal punto di vista del reddito e del fattore di sicurezza sociale attuariale
Authors: Rocha Matheus Carneiro , Araújo Jamille Carla Oliveira , Santos Neuma Teixeira Dos
Published: May 2020

Le questioni relative alla sicurezza sociale pubblica hanno generato un ampio dibattito tra la società e il governo. Il cittadino medio si preoccupa della giusta misura tra ciò che paga nel presente e quanto riceverà dal pensionamento in futuro. In considerazione di questo articolo, questo articolo mira a definire secondo le fondamenta della scienza attuariale, la misura equa tra il valore dei contributi (pagamenti) e il valore delle prestazioni (pensionamento) gestito dal regime di sicurezza sociale generale – RGPS come strumento di (in)giustizia sociale. La metodologia utilizzata per ottenere tutti i parametri rilevanti per il RGPS e per il regime attuariale di sicurezza sociale è stata la creazione di situazioni che coinvolgono uomini e donne in condizioni specifiche di ingresso nel sistema di sicurezza sociale di età iniziale, età pensionabile e stipendio contributivo e da questi dati di input, i valori dei contributi e delle prestazioni sono stati calcolati attraverso il programma Matlab , dove i calcoli sono stati operativi come routine di calcolo. I risultati sono stati segmentati per genere (maschio o femmina) e fascia di reddito, è stato osservato che il tasso di contribuzione della sicurezza sociale, il parametro più importante per definire il valore dei contributi al RGPS, dal 28% al 31% è molto elevato rispetto al tasso calcolato dalla scienza attuariale del 16% al 17% per gli uomini e dal 13% al 14% per le donne. Si conclude che per il cittadino comune soggetto alle regole del RGPS in vigore, gli importi dei contributi versati che riflettono le prestazioni pensionistiche percepite differiscono dalla misura equa, calcolata dalla scienza attuariale, pertanto, non sono stati osservati fattori che attestano che il RGPS è giusto per il contribuente e quindi per la società.
A gestão participativa: A postura do gestor escolar mediador do processo de tomada de decisão
Authors: Rodrigues Emanoel Márcio da Silva , Braga Maria de Fátima Oliveria , Santos Maria Diana Bruno dos , Brito Suely de Oliveira Pereira , Mota Francisca Yara de Oliveira , Carneiro Cleide , Gondim Terezinha de Jesus Peres
Published: May 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender a postura dos gestores municipais no processo de tomada de decisão, visando o ato de mediação para a construção de práticas democráticas na gestão participativa. Portanto, ao ressaltar o processo de tomada de decisão como um percurso essencial nas práticas educativas, os gestores devem planejar encontros para debates acerca das metas a serem implementadas na instituição educacional. O caminho a ser percorrido surge por meio da problemática da investigação: Qual tipo de postura o gestor escolar deverá se apropriar para tornar-se um mediador interno, através da tomada de decisão considerando a ação um processo contínuo de construção da gestão democrática e participativa? Sendo, nessa perspectiva, muito viável ao gerenciamento da unidade escolar de maneira transparente e participativa, entendendo que a escola não se encontra isolada da sistemática da sociedade contemporânea, do contexto geográfico, político e sociocultural. Dessa maneira, o gestor escolar em sua atuação tem uma importante função a exercer, sua postura precisa assegurar que à escola seja um espaço democrático e participativo no contexto contemporâneo. A metodologia do presente trabalho optou por utilizar a metodologia da pesquisa de campo com abordagem qualitativa, seguida de uma amostra de profissionais de uma escola pública de Fortaleza-CE. Foi utilizada a entrevista como instrumento para colheita e análise dos dados copilados.
Processo de fundição e sua versatilidade na fabricação de peças
Authors: Evangelista Adônis Souza , Silva Jefferson
Published: May 2020

Este artigo apresenta, como tema central, o processo de fundição e sua versatilidade na fabricação de peças e tendo como objetivo mostrar que a fundição é uma das atividades que está presente na etapa do processo de fabricação e que é um processo muito versátil devido a sua variação na fabricação de peças, o que torna possível a criação de peças únicas ou em série, com tamanhos e formatos simples ou compostos, sendo assim um processo muito utilizado, tendo em comparação a outros tipos de processos de fabricação o baixo custo, dando o rápido desenvolvimento industrial que acompanha os avanços tecnológicos. No estudo foi empregada pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa, onde através de consultas em periódicos e livros, pode constatar e destacar os principais processos da fundição. Dentre os vários tipos de fundição, serão abordados, os principais processos, etapas, fundamentos, a importância da escolha do material e pretende dar destaque às vantagens e desvantagens dos variados tipos de processos. O resultado da pesquisa mostra os melhores processos da fundição e destina ao melhor a ser utilizado dependendo da especificação da peça a ser fabricada. Do mesmo modo, objetiva-se evidenciar a eventual necessidade da utilização da fundição no processo fabril.
Effect of Sulfur Dioxide Inhalation on Lung Microbiota in Rat Model
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Wang Qianru , Wang Meng
Published: May 2020

Purpose: To investigate the effect of sulfur dioxide on the lung microbiota of healthy rats. Methods Fifteen male rats were randomly divided into high dose and low dose exposure group and control group. After 7 days of SO2 exposure, the lung tissues were obtained and the lung microbiota was identified by Illumina high-throughput sequencing. Results The microbial community of lung microbiota was significantly alternated in the exposure group and the dominant phylum changed from Firmicutes to Proteobacteria. In addition, the SO2 exposure caused the bronchial wall thickening and a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration in the lungs of rats in exposure groups. Conclusions The results suggest that SO2 can significantly alter the lung microbiota and pathological structure of the lungs.
DESENTISISASI OBAT
Authors: Cintya Gusman Selly , Raveinal Raveinal
Published: May 2020

Giving drugs to some patients has the potential to experience side effects that can be life-threatening so doctors must provide alternative medicine to them. If the suspect's drug is not replaced by alternative medicine, drug desensitization can be carried out. Drug desensitization is a temporary induction of a state of tolerance to the drug. Although this therapy is only empirical, it is effective and with a better understanding of the mechanism of desensitization is expected to improve therapeutic methods. Considerations for determining desensitization protocols do not have to be rigid, they should follow a number of steps, namely patient evaluation aimed at finding the characteristics of adverse reactions in patients, determining the possibility of effective and safe fast drug desensitization, selecting appropriate protocols, gathering information about the patient's response to desensitization, and change the protocol as needed. Desensitization is said to be successful if the patient can complete up to the therapeutic dose and can tolerate repeated dosing until treatment is complete.
Complementary Feeding Practices Among Mothers of Rural Bangladesh; A Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Study
Authors: Akteruzzaman Mohammad , Parveen Shahana , Ahmed Shafi , Afroza Syeda , Habib Rahat bin , Jinnat Mosammat Afroza , Monira Sirajum
Published: May 2020

Background. In developing countries, inadequate knowledge and cultural practice on complementary feeding (CF) is one of the main reasons for malnutrition.

Objective: This study aimed to document the knowledge, attitude, and practices pertaining to CF among the mothers of rural area in Bangladesh.

Materials and Methods: A communitybased cross-sectional study was conducted in upazila health complex, kachua, Chandpur from July to December, 2017. A total 408 mothers of the babies aged 6-24 months and children under six months were included. Data were collected from the mothers/caregivers of the children in a pretested semi-structured data collection sheet and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Appropriate statistical tests were done. Statistical significance was considered if p value was <0.05.

Results: Knowledge regarding recommended CF practice only 50.8% but feeding should be started at 6 months of age (52.9),thick consistency (40.2%), adequate quantity( 61.8%), and appropriate quality (62.3%) cases. Knowledge in recommended appropriate timing and consistency varied significantly with maternal education. Frequency of CF was not appropriate in many cases. Most common first complimentary food was thick dal with rice/roti, khichuri rice 166(40.7%). One hundred twenty four (30.4%) mothers did not properly clean their hands before feeding and 138(33.8%) of mother used bottle for feeding, force full feeding (56.9%) and environment during feeding playing 72.5% and roaming around 25.5%.

Conclusion: CF knowledge and practices are far gap from ideal in our country. Awareness building in the community may change improper feeding practices need health education.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-1, April 2020, Page 26-31
Diagnóstico da feira livre: um estudo de caso em São Domingos do Prata, Brasil
Authors: Miranda Gustavo Martins do Carmo , Domingues Homero
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar os problemas e dificuldades enfrentados pelos feirantes e consumidores da feira livre de São Domingos do Prata. Para tanto, buscou-se compreender o perfil e o comportamento dos consumidores de diferentes classes sociais, bem como o perfil, as características e percepções dos feirantes, com relação à feira livre. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, com amostragem não-probabilística, por acessibilidade, com aplicação de 51 questionários semiestruturados, utilizando-se o survey. Foram também realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os 18 feirantes. Os resultados revelaram que os consumidores visitam a feira à procura de produtos naturais de melhor qualidade, preços mais acessíveis e pela valorização dos pequenos produtores. A organização e localização da feira livre, dias de funcionamento e o apoio público destacam-se como disfunções e problemas relatados pelos feirantes.