bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilisation pattern of AMA in surgery department in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Uddesh Santosh , Dahake Tushar , Ekka Jibnus , Dhone Pravin G.
Published: July 2022

In the recent past when people were dying of communicable diseases, the discovery and innovations of AMAs , did a miracle as saved millions of life worldwide, by special toxic and killing effect on infecting microorganisms and not damaging host, thus satisfying own name as  MIRACLE MEDICINE or MAGIC BULLETS. Paul Ehlrich of Austria discovered first time chemotherapeutic agent in 1906. Next Domagk of Germany, A. Fleming of England, Walks man of USA discovered sulfonamides, penicillin, Streptomycin and all received NOBEL PRIZE, for their immortal lifesaving work which changed world. Data are collected from admitted patient’s case sheets from surgery wards .Data’s are collected by a self-prepared preformed proforma, which is prepared as per study design and includes Age, Sex, Disease, Unit, Ward, AMA or AMAs prescribed, Average no of AMAs, Dose, Frequency, Route of administration, along with Govt. supply or private purchase and supply chain.
in vitro study to compare antibacterial efficacy of cinnamon extract, neem extract and sodium hypochlorite as root canal irrigants
Authors: Janavathi Janavathi , Babu P. Ravi Sekhar , Kaslekar Mithun J , Halli Basavaraj , Priyanka Reddy Konda , Ashwini K
Published: July 2022

Background: E. faecalis is the predominant micro-organism recovered from root canal of the teeth where previous endodontic treatment has failed. Thorough debridement and complete elimination of micro-organisms are objectives of an effective endodontic treatment. For many years, intracanal irrigants have been used as an adjunct to enhance antimicrobial effect of cleaning and shaping in endodontics. Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the antibacterial effectiveness between cinnamon extract as irrigant with neem extract irrigant and sodium hypochlorite against E. fecalis. Methodology: The present study is a randomized controlled in vitro study conducted on 90 extracted permanent single rooted teeth. The teeth were divided into three groups- Group 1 was irrigated with cinnamon extract, Group 2 was irrigated with neem extract irrigant and Group 3 with 3% sodium hypochlorite. The colonies in the reduction of E. feacalis was noted as CFU values per ml. Wilcoxon signed ranked test was used to compare in between the three groups. Mann- Whitney's test was used for inter group comparison between the three groups.
Analysis of teacher education curriculum from the standpoint of fundamental duties
Authors: Tomar Mahima , Bhardwaj Manish , Rana Mahima
Published: July 2022

"There were no rights without duties," Mahatma Gandhi said. So, responsibility comes first, followed by rights. However, we are more concerned with our Fundamental Rights than with our Fundamental Duties. There would be no need to seek information regarding our Fundamental Rights if we were all aware of our Fundamental Duties. Article 51-A of our Constitution establishes eleven Fundamental Duties for every Indian citizens. But, regrettably, the majority of us are unaware of those eleven Fundamental Duties. So, our initial job as teacher educators is to be aware of those eleven Fundamental Duties, since we all know that schools are the basic unit of society, and teacher training is now required to enter the teaching-learning process. So, if we make instructors aware of those eleven Fundamental Duties, then teachers will make students aware of those eleven Fundamental Duties, and students will make their families aware of those Fundamental Duties, and so on. It's similar to a chain of events. This article aims to determine the real understanding of eleven Fundamental Obligations among potential teacher educators, then solicit important suggestions from them for spreading awareness of those obligations, and finally, provide recommendations to our government for spreading awareness of those obligations.
Posture and quality of life in children with hemiparesis
Authors: Eltahan Menna Allah Muhammad , Elhadidy Eman Ibrahim , Abdelazim Faten Hassan
Published: July 2022

Aim of the study: Evaluate posture and quality of life in children with hemiparesis and assess the relation between them. Study Design: the observational-cross-sectional study was conducted in the National Institute of Neuromotor System in Giza Governorate. Subjects & Methods: Sixty children with hemiparesis cerebral palsy, 28 girls and 32 boys whose ages ranged from 6 to 10 years old, participated in this study. The Postural assessment software (PAS/SAPO) was used to assess their body posture from digitalized pictures (anterior, posterior, right, and left lateral views). The quality of life of participating children was evaluated through the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0). All statistical measures were carried out using the statistical SPSS package program. Results: Postural deviations of children with hemiparesis were characterized by the asymmetry of acromions, anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), and scapula alignments from the anterior and posterior view. It also adopted head, trunk, and knee flexion and reduced ankle angle from lateral views. There was a decrease in PedsQL 4.0 scores (all domains and the total score).
Ageing care: Challenges of residential care of the aged
Authors: Binu T. , Karthikeyan S.
Published: July 2022

Aging is an inevitable physical and mental phenomenon of every living being. However, caring for the aged is of utmost importance as the physical changes affect the aged with a wide gap between mind and action. Among the Indian states, Kerala has the highest proportion of older persons in its total population. Transition in the age structure of the population of Kerala is characterised by a decrease in the share of the younger population and an increase in the share of the older population in the society, which leads to an emerging epidemiological transition with a high prevalence of non-communicable diseases. This arises a need for providing care for the aged due to their functional disabilities as well as financial requirements. Household members are considered the main care providers. They give older persons financial, physical, and emotional support and care. This paper tries to understand the challenges that occurred during the residential care of the aged and what are the possible solutions to be taken into account. Most of the older persons prefer to live either with their spouse or with their children.
Terrorism
Authors: Naaz Ahtasha , Khampa Dolma , Sharma Mansi , Kumar Sachin
Published: July 2022

Terrorism has emerged as the newest menace to world peace and, in particular, India's national security. Terrorists are growing their sophistication and competence in every aspect of their operations. Weapon technology is becoming more accessible, and the buying power of terrorist groups is increasing due to the easy availability of both equipment and trained personnel to operate it. Terrorists threaten not just the values of democracy and independence, but also the life, prosperity, and development of mankind. To prevent terrorism, stringent security measures are essential. If a legislation against terrorism is applied in a country like India, it should be so stringent that the guilty individual is imprisoned and does not walk free due to loopholes or loopholes. It is impossible to overlook the necessity for special laws to fight terrorism; in reality, the issue lies in the execution of laws and the misuse of authority granted by the unique legislation.
Effect of occupational stress on work-life balance and psychological well-being
Authors: Prasad K D V
Published: July 2022

The researchers present the findings of an empirical study on occupational stress, and its effect on work-life balance and psychological well-being of the  E-Commerce Industry employees around Hyderabad, who are using Metro Rail transport to reach the workplace and back home. The study was carried out when the Covid-19 pandemic second wave is at its peak. The Metro Rail journey provides a platform for each commuter to learn new habits continuously, like newspaper reading, improving communication skills, etc. It is also evident from the survey that they build the relationship on a day-to-day basis during their journey time, which helps them to form diversified networking that enables them to understand and empathize with others and the situations. The data was gathered using a research instrument, a structured undisguised questionnaire with 37 statements representing three components of the study – occupational stress, work-life balance, and psychological well-being. The occupational stress and work-life balance were measured using a five-point Likert-type scale. The responses on psychological well-being were gathered using a scale developed by Ryff and Keyes 1995, a seven-point scale. The data gathered this seven-point scale transformed to a five-point scale using the linear transformation method for ease of data analysis.
Assessment of eating disorder among undergraduate in Al Qadisiyah University Student
Authors: Abdulhussien Asmaa Jabbar , Muttashar Zan Hussam
Published: July 2022

Background: Eating disorders are “a behavioral cognition characterized by severe and persistent disturbance in eating behaviors and associated distressing thoughts and emotions and it's are the most severe psychiatric disorders where Undergraduate students are highest among the groups who suffer from high levels of stress and have the most risk of fatigue and mental health problems, including eating disorders. Due to societal stigma and lack of awareness, it is plausible that disordered eating behaviors among students may go unrecognized and under-reported. The current study aimed to assessment the eating disorders among Undergraduate in Al Qadisiyah University Student. A Descriptive correlational design ,conduct to assess the eating disorders among undergraduate students in AL-Qadisiyh University for the period from 20th October, 2021 to May10th, 2022. The sample selected was 380 undergraduate students from different colleges from University of AL qadisiyah for the study. A probability sampling technique (cluster sample) used through dividing AL qadisiyah University to three cluster based on homogeneous properties (Health faculties, Scientific faculties & Humanistic faculties). Results A total of 380 participants completed the Eat-26 questionnaire and the our study show that found to be percentage of (21.84) at high risk of developing eating disorders.
Newly discovered biologic agent used for psoriasis treatment
Authors: Yadav S. K. , Singh V. D. , Mazumder A.
Published: July 2022

Psoriasis is an autoimmune inflammatory skin disorder that affects 2–3% of the world's population. It has distinct features, such as accelerated keratinocyte proliferation and proinflammatory cytokines secretion. Topical, systemic, phototherapy, and biologic therapies are used in the treatment. Topical therapies are preferred over systemic medicines for mild to moderate psoriasis. Systemic therapies are best for severe pathological conditions. Immunosuppressants, biological agents, and recently licensed phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors are some of the systemic therapies. Present therapies have a lot of drawbacks, and new discoveries in the pathogenesis of psoriasis are opening the way for novel therapeutics that target the disease at the molecular level. Multiple small molecules, PDE-4 inhibitors, biologics, and immunomodulators, as well as newly discovered Janus kinases (JAK) inhibitors, were found to be effective. This article focuses on many emerging treatments as well as presently approved psoriasis medications.
Aqueous Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Tungsten with Emphasis on Mine Wastes
Authors: Kazamel B. G. , Jamieson H. E. , Leybourne M. I. , Falck H. , Johannesson K. H.
Published: July 2022

Tungsten is a valuable industrial metal with limited effective substitutes for its many industrial uses. Tungsten is classified as a critical mineral by many countries, including Canada and the United States. As such, tungsten mining is expected to increase in the future, generating waste with potential as point sources of metal leaching to the environment. Concerns about the toxicity of tungsten have recently emerged, but the element is not regulated in mine waste. The geochemical behavior of tungsten is understudied, hampering the ability to predict tungsten leaching from past, present, and future mining operations.

The low-temperature aqueous mobility of tungsten is pH dependent, with adsorption as a primary factor limiting its dissolved concentrations in the environment. Tungsten, which forms strictly anionic species, adsorbs to mineral surfaces at low pH, and is most mobile in alkaline waters. The speciation of tungsten has been shown to affect its adsorption propensity, with WO42- more strongly adsorbed than polymeric and thiolated species. Aqueous tungsten concentrations generally decrease with decreasing pH in surface waters, groundwaters, geothermal waters, and mine tailings. Although progress has been made, the mechanisms of scheelite and wolframite dissolution are still poorly understood. Mine waste generated from processing tungsten-rich ores contains elevated tungsten concentrations; the weathering behavior of scheelite and wolframite need more research to mitigate the potential for tungsten leaching during the long-term storage of mine waste. Identifying mineralogical changes to scheelite and wolframite that may occur during ore processing and weathering of mine waste would be beneficial for understanding the leaching behavior of these minerals. Based on current knowledge, it is likely that tungsten is mobilized as both dissolved anions and adsorbed to colloidal particles. Improved understanding of the environmental geochemistry of tungsten will help ensure its sustainable supply in the future and permit more effective remediation at abandoned and existing mines.
O selvagem africano, o falso mouro e o exótico gentio: Imagens dos orientais n’«Os lusíadas» e no presente
Authors: Marques Morgado Ferreira de Oliveira João Pedro
Published: July 2022

Using as its background the celebration of the 450 years since the publication of The Lusiads by Luís Vaz de Camões and the several discourses which have originated in the media around those same celebrations, this paper aims at analysing the contribution of this work for the shaping and development of Orientalist discourse in Portugal. I begin by listing the terms that Camões used to refer to Africans, Middle Easterners and Indians and then I compare them with modern media representations of the same peoples. I conclude that, despite the temporal difference, modern representations are defined by continuity and similarity rather than by rupture and difference. In the final section, I try to assess the different memories regarding Camões and his work as well as the history of Portugal and of the African and Asian people in the contemporary world.
Singular poeta acadêmico: António Serrão de Crasto (1614-1685)
Authors: Fernandes de Carvalho Maria do Socorro
Published: July 2022

Poet António Serrão de Crasto (1614-1685) was a member of the Academy of the Singular Ones (Academia dos Singulares) from 1628 to 1665, and penned two tomes of academic poetic works in 1665 and 1668. This article aims to briefly present the 72 poems contained in those academic publications, and two occasional speeches given as he presided over academic sessions. It also includes some separate poems found in handwritten form or in books authored by others. In this article, I seek to put forward a short bibliography of Serrão de Crasto by collating several bibliographical sources known to date. Generally, the rhetorical artifice present in the texts lies in switching around serious and jocular styles, as the poet shifts between the seriousness of the subject and the playfulness of the concepts, ornaments and words with which he treats the argument or, conversely, as he clothes a trivial or low subject with high ornaments. Most of his romances, sonnets and gloses feature this shifting between serious and facetious styles.
A escola em tempo integral e a garantia dos direitos da criança
Authors: Fochesato Patrícia Gonçalves
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo intitulado “A escola em tempo integral e a garantia dos direitos da criança” visa promover uma reflexão sobre o processo de implantação da Escola em Tempo Integral, analisando a função que compete à família e a escola, bem como a possibilidade de transferência da responsabilidade frente à garantia dos direitos da criança exclusivamente para a instituição de ensino. Contribuir para a formação integral do aluno, vai além de garantir o acesso e permanência no espaço escolar, é preciso ampliar a compreensão da funcionalidade de cada instância, bem como os reflexos na realidade educacional. Todo este processo deve ocorrer de modo a intensificar a relação família-escola, não limitando e/ou sobrepondo as atribuições de uma para com a outra, mas vinculando as ações e garantindo uma educação de qualidade.
The Grooming of Children for Sexual Abuse in Religious Settings: Unique Characteristics and Select Case Studies
Authors: Raine Susan , Kent Stephen
Published: July 2022

This article examines the sexual grooming of children and their caregivers in a wide variety of religious settings. We argue that unique aspects of religion facilitate institutional and interpersonal grooming in ways that often differ from forms of manipulation in secular settings. Drawing from Christianity (Catholicism, Protestantism, and Seventh Day Adventism) and various sects (the Children of God, the Branch Davidians, the Fundamentalist Latter-Day Saints, a Hindu ashram, and the Devadasis), we show how some religious institutions and leadership figures in them can slowly cultivate children and their caregivers into harmful and illegal sexual activity. A number of uniquely religious characteristics facilitate this cultivation: theodicies of legitimation; power, patriarchy, obedience, protection, and reverence toward authority figures; victims’ fears about spiritual punishments; and scriptural uses to justify adult-child sex.
Curriculum Management and Graduate Programmes’ Viability: The Mediation of Institutional Effectiveness Using PLS-SEM Approach
Authors: Owan Valentine Joseph , Emanghe Emmanuel E. , Denwigwe Chiaka P. , Etudor-Eyo Eno , Usoro Abosede A. , Ebuara Victor O. , Effiong Charles , Ogar Joseph O. , Bassey Bassey A.
Published: July 2022

This study used a partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to estimate curriculum management's direct and indirect effects on university graduate programmes' viability. The study also examined the role of institutional effectiveness in mediating the nexus between the predictor and response variables. This is a correlational study with a factorial research design. The study's participants comprised 149 higher education administrators (23 Faculty Deans and 126 HODs) from two public universities in Nigeria. A structured questionnaire designed by the researchers was used for data collection. The questionnaire was duly validated with an acceptable scale and item content validity indices. The dimensionality of the instrument was determined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Convergent validity was based on Average Variance Extracted (AVE), whereas discriminant validity was based on Fornell-Lacker criteria and the Hetero-Trait Mono-Trait (HTMT) ratio. Acceptable composite reliability estimates of internal consistency were reached for the three sub-scales. Following ethical practices, the questionnaire was physically administered to respondents and retrieved afterwards. Smart PLS (version 3.2.9) and SPSS (version 26.0) programs were used for all the statistical analyses. This study uncovered significant direct and direct effects of curriculum management on the viability of graduate programmes. Institutional effectiveness significantly impacted graduate programmes’ viability while mediating the nexus between curriculum management and graduate programmes’ viability. Curriculum management and institutional effectiveness jointly explained a significant proportion of graduate programmes’ viability variance. The result of this study proved that graduate programmes’ viability depends, to a great extent, on how much curriculum is managed and how effective institutions are with their services. The result of this study can enable institutions seeking to run viable graduate programmes to re-evaluate their curriculum management practices and the effectiveness of their services.
Analysis of Learning Effect through Voice Signal Analysis in Online Education Environment
Authors: Kim Bong-Hyun
Published: July 2022

The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) that appeared suddenly has permeated our daily lives and changed our way of life. In the field of education, education is being conducted in a non-face-to-face teaching method to prevent the spread of coronavirus. In the end, e-Learning, a new educational and training system that can provide a lifelong education environment in the 21st century information society, is increasing in use in the field of education. The biggest advantage of the online education system is that it provides an environment in which you can learn the necessary contents anytime, anywhere. However, there are cases in which the learning effect is reduced because various learning support is not available in the online space due to the sudden change of the educational environment due to the covid-19. Therefore, in this thesis, a study was conducted to analyze the learning effect of online education with voice signals for college students who are receiving education through an online education environment. To this end, the learning effect was classified into a group saying that the learning effect increased and a group that decreased due to online education, and the voices of the subjects in each group were collected. As a result of the experiment, the results of the vocal cord vibration (Pitch), Degree of voice breaks, Jitter and Shimmer were consistent among the elements of voice signal analysis between two groups.
Nurses’ professional identity and information needs in the time of Covid-19: A latent cluster analysis
Authors: Anselmann Veronika , Bohn Benjamin
Published: July 2022

The aims of this study are to find out, how nurses differ regarding their professional identity in times of Covid-19 and if nurses of different clusters of professional identity also differ regarding their satisfaction with their information needs. To get more insights in nurses work situation in Covid-19, we asked nurses about information sources they use to get information about Covid-19, by whom they feel supported, and if they feel fear working in times of Covid-19. We conducted a cross-sectional study. We used online questionnaires. 266 Nurses in Germany (N = 266) participated in our study. The study was conducted during Covid-19 pandemic. Our results show that most nurses use information about Covid-19 provided by their organisation. Most of them find social support through their colleagues. There are two clusters of nurses with significantly different professional identities; these two clusters show significant differences regarding their satisfaction with information needs. The results of the study are important for nursing organisations that should provide information for their nurses and by this can have influence on their coping strategies.
Studi Penggunaan Dan Penerapan Sistem Elektronik Retribusi Terhadap Pemakai Jasa Terminal
Authors: Mubaroh Irfan Zakiy , Nurdin Deddy , Gunawan Aang
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this research is to identify and analyse the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of specific information system regarding online electronic retribution. Post positivistic qualitative method or qualitative method or interpretive method was used to analyse the data. The population in this research were employees of Transportation Department of Road Terminal Management unit. The sample was the head of operational and road transportation terminal management unit. The data was collected through observation, interview, and literature. SWOT method was used to analyse the data. The result shows that agency’s position is in quadrant I with the condition of SO (Strength – Opportunity) in the e- retribution system with coordinate (0.75;0.40).
Budaya Organisasi Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Saputra Ardi Hadi , Saidah Deslida
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Organizational Culture and Work Environment on Employee Performance at Direktorat Pemasaran dan Pelayanan PT Angkasa Pura I (Persero) Kemayoran. The research method used quantitative research with multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The population in this study was employees of Direktorat Pemasaran dan Pelayanan PT Angkasa Pura I (Persero) Kemayoran and the sample was saturated with a total of 36 samples. The results show that Organizational Culture and Work Environment on Employee Performance has a strong influence. From the coefficient determination, the contribution value of the Organizational Culture variable and Work Environment variable on Employee Performance is 51.7%, while the remaining 48.3% is another variable which is not examined in this study.
Efektivitas Pengiriman Barang di Terminal Peti Kemas (TPK) Koja
Authors: Amalia Rizka , Kamaludin Abdul Gani , Tabah Asep Ali
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the effect of loading and unloading performance and the application of auto gates to the effectiveness of shipping goods. Koja Container Terminal is the busiest container terminal compared to other terminals in Indonesia. In this research, the data collection techniques was using observation. The method of data analysis used multiple linear regression equations which one unit of X1 and X2 changes (adding / subtracting) will change the Y percentage either increasing or decreasing. Using the calculation of correlation, it could be seen that the application of auto gate and loading and unloading performance has a very strong and positive relationship to the effectiveness of shipping goods.
Telemedicine and Socioeconomics in Orthopaedic Trauma Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ibrahim Ishaq O. , Bangura Abdulai , O'Hara Nathan N. , Pollak Andrew N. , Slobogean Gerard P. , O'Toole Robert V. , Langhammer Christopher G.
Published: July 2022

Introduction:

Socioeconomic factors may introduce barriers to telemedicine care access. This study examines changes in clinic absenteeism for orthopaedic trauma patients after the introduction of a telemedicine postoperative follow-up option during the COVID-19 pandemic with attention to patient socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods:

Patients (n = 1,060) undergoing surgical treatment of pelvic and extremity trauma were retrospectively assigned to preintervention and postintervention cohorts using a quasi-experimental design. The intervention is the April 2020 introduction of a telemedicine follow-up option for postoperative trauma care. The primary outcome was the missed visit rate (MVR) for postoperative appointments. We used Poisson regression models to estimate the relative change in MVR adjusting for patient age and sex. SES-based subgroup analysis was based on the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) according to home address.

Results:

The pre-telemedicine group included 635 patients; the post-telemedicine group included 425 patients. The median MVR in the pre-telemedicine group was 28% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10% to 45%) and 24% (95% CI, 6% to 43%) in the post-telemedicine group. Low SES was associated with a 40% relative increase in MVR (95% CI, 17% to 67%, P < 0.001) compared with patients with high SES. Relative MVR changes between pre-telemedicine and post-telemedicine groups did not reach statistical significance in any socioeconomic strata (low ADI, −6%; 95% CI, −25% to 17%; P = 0.56; medium ADI, −18%; 95% CI, −35% to 2%; P = 0.07; high ADI, −12%; 95% CI, −28% to 7%; P = 0.20).

Conclusions:

Low SES was associated with a higher MVR both before and after the introduction of a telemedicine option. However, no evidence in this cohort demonstrated a change in absenteeism based on SES after the introduction of the telemedicine option. Clinicians should be reassured that there is no evidence that telemedicine introduces additional socioeconomic bias in postoperative orthopaedic trauma care.

Level of Evidence:

III
Major considerations of ortho-surgical procedures in Class III patients: a systematic review
Authors: Moreale Daniely Cristina , Vieira Caroline Gabriele , Bottcher Richard de Oliveira , Kassis Elias Naim
Published: July 2022

Introduction: In the setting of ortho-surgical procedure, malocclusion has a prevalence of about 6% in children in Brazil. Orthodontics excels in repair and cosmetic surgery. Most cases of Class III malocclusion have maxillary retrusion or hypoplasia, which may or may not be associated with mandibular prognathism. Objective: It was performed a systematic review to list the main considerations and clinical findings of ortho-surgical surgery in class III patients. Methods: The present study followed a systematic review model, following the rules of systematic review – PRISMA. The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The present study was carried out from February to May 2022. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument, with randomized controlled clinical studies, prospective controlled clinical studies, and studies of systematic review and meta-analysis listed as the studies with the greatest scientific evidence, and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Initially, 289 articles were found and, after selection, 54 articles were used to compose the present study. Results and Conclusion: According to the objective of this study, the Class III treatment should be related to the diagnosis to correct the compromised structures, not done in places not affected by the malocclusion. Still, the degree of involvement of the maxilla and mandible must be evaluated so that the treatment is directed to that bone base for facial improvement. The displacement processes that occur in the midface can only be affected with treatment as long as the growth zones can respond to the biomechanical stimulus. Therefore, the younger the Class III patient is treated, the better the facial correction effects will be.
Molecular, cellular and surgical processes of osseointegration for dental implants: a systematic review
Authors: Sousa Flávio Oliveira de , Cardoso Luís Gustavo Rodrigues Magalhães , Cicareli Alvaro José , Kassis Elias Naim , Manzini Régis
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The maxillary sinus floor elevation procedure should be performed based on the cellular and molecular process of osseointegration. In this sense, when grafting procedures are necessary, the success and predictability of the results do not depend only on the biomaterial, but as well as the morphology of the bone defect. Combinations have been proposed to obtain better regenerative conditions through volume preservation (osteoconduction) and induction of cell migration differentiation (osteoinduction). The surface microstructure of Bio Oss® supports the growth of osteoblasts, which are responsible for bone formation. Objective: To carry out a concise systematic review of the molecular and surgical processes of osseointegration for dental implants. Methods: The present study was followed by a systematic review model (PRSMA). The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The Cochrane Instrument was used to assess the risk of bias from the included studies. Results and Conclusion: In line with the objective of this study, it was observed that the understanding of bone bioengineering, understanding the entire bioprocess of bone formation through the main cells (mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts) and molecules (BMPs, PRP, PRF, cytokines and growth factors), can promote the use of biomaterials and epithelial barriers that help in the treatment as an adjuvant to bone grafting-techniques, favoring greater predictability in alveolar and peri-implant reconstructions and with a good prognosis.
Relevance of dental care in hospitals: a brief systematic review
Authors: Pagliusi Maria Eduarda Maciel , Toledo Davi Moretti , Kassis Elias Naim
Published: July 2022

Introduction: In the scenario of dental care in hospitals, attention should not be focused only on dental treatment, but first assess the patient's health status. Dentistry is of paramount importance in preventive actions, as well as in the elimination of inflammatory, infectious and painful symptomatological processes that may contribute to the loss of hospitalized patients. Objective: The present study described the importance of the dentist's role in the hospital environment, as well as the dental care in the hospital environment as a decision tool for other treatments or surgical procedures. Methods: The present study followed a systematic review model, following the rules of systematic review – PRISMA. The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The present study was carried out from February to May of 2022. Results and Conclusion: A total of 107 articles were found. A total of 57 articles were fully evaluated and 18 were included and discussed in this study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 20 studies that were excluded with a high risk of bias (studies with a small sample size). Also, 20 studies were excluded because they did not meet the GRADE, and 39 studies were excluded for presenting a minor risk of bias. The dentist must promote the general health of the hospitalized individual, based on interdisciplinary planning developed together with other health professionals, as well as assess the main needs of the patient and contribute to the quality of life of these individuals. The role of the dentist as an integral part of the multi-professional team in the area of health in the ICU is fundamental, as its presence could minimize problems in hospitalized patients.
Investigation of the incidence of oral cancer in the municipalities of the state of Sao Paulo-Brazil: a retrospective observational cross-sectional study
Authors: Souza Rafaela Feroldi Brasileiro , Rossini Marcela Cristina , Araujo Marina Guizilini de , Fernandes Patrícia Garani
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The etiology of Oral Cancer (OC) is multifactorial, resulting from several factors that predispose to the development of this pathology, with a high incidence and mortality, and is among the 10 most common pathologies in the world. Objective: It was to carry out a retrospective longitudinal observational study on the incidence of oral cancer in patients treated at public health units in the municipalities of the State of Sao Paulo-Brazil, as well as to present the main clinical and demographic characteristics of these patients. Methods: This study followed a retrospective observational cross-sectional model (2018-2022), following the rules of clinical research of the STROBE. The present study used the database of the public health system in Brazil on the incidence and prevalence of oral cancer in health units in 467 municipalities in the State of São Paulo-Brazil, whose data are available for public consultation and do not require approval. by the research ethics committee. Participants with oral cancer records of different ethnicities, aged over 20 years, and of both genders were included. Participants who had missing registration data were excluded. For data analysis, the database was built in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, which was exported to the Minitab 18® statistical program. One-Way ANOVA with p>0.05 was applied without a statistical difference in the CI95%. Results: The total number of municipalities in the State of São Paulo-Brazil analyzed was 467. Suspected oral malignancy did not present a significant statistical difference between the years 2018 and 2019 (0.33% vs. 0.30%), with p>0.05 in CI95 %. The highest incidences of suspected oral malignancy occurred in 2018 and 2019. In addition, it was evidenced that the most frequent histological type was squamous cell carcinoma in all the years analyzed. Also, bad habits such as alcoholism, smoking, excessive exposure to the sun, and also genetic predisposition, the presence of HPV did not show to influence statistically the occurrences of oral neoplasms. Conclusion: Based on the objective of this study, the incidence of oral cancer in the municipalities of the state of São Paulo-Brazil was higher in the years 2018 and 2019, regardless of the action of predictors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, HPV, genetic predisposition and age. However, further studies need to be carried out in the periods from 2020 to 2022 to know the population that was absent due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
On The Constitutionality And Public Administration In Ancient And Medieval Armenia
Authors: Suvaryan Yuri
Published: July 2022

Summing up, it should be noted that the state and regional government in ancient and medieval Armenia was realized via legal regulatory principles, consistent with the time and through sufficient constitutionality. Within the frames of Armenian intellectual culture, certain methodological bases were worked out, whereas the accumulated past experience, cultural heritage and the lessons of history in particular, deserve special attention in terms of the appropriate orientation of the civil society, the development of political thought and growth of efficiency in public administration.
The Application of the 1958 New York Convention in Qatar
Authors: Khatchadourian Minas
Published: July 2022

The New York Convention provides a uniform legal framework for the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in 150 Contracting States. Although the New York Convention has been criticized for some textual ambiguities and the lack of a clear common standard of 'public policy,' its application has been a real success in the field of arbitration for more than sixty years. As it became a signatory of the New York Convention in 2003, Qatar is obliged to recognize all forms of 'written arbitration agreements' and to enforce foreign arbitral awards according to its internal rules of procedure. In the last two years, the Qatari Supreme Court has decided surprisingly to use the 'national' standard of public policy to set aside a number of national and foreign arbitral awards based on the absence of a formal prologue at the opening of the award as required for the court's judgments. Finally, a recent judgment of the Court of Cassation declared that the requirement under Qatari Law that all decisions issued in Qatar be issued in the name of the Emir does not apply to an ICC award since the parties agreed in their contract that the arbitration would be governed by the ICC Rules and that Qatari Law applied to the merits of the dispute only.
Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zegers Jean-Benoît
Published: July 2022

Saudi Arabia's new arbitration law promises to modernize the country's arbitration system in several fundamental ways. Most importantly, it curtails the courts' interventionist powers in Saudi-seated arbitrations by recognizing for the first time the parties' autonomy to tailor their arbitration procedure, including by recognizing the adoption of institutional arbitration rules. It also addresses a key concern - the power of the courts to reopen and re-litigate awards on their merits. Parties can choose the governing law, language and arbitrators, and an arbitration agreement may now be incorporated by reference or contained in written correspondence between the parties. The new law also repeals the obligation under the old law for parties to file their arbitration agreement with the courts for prior validation. Although a welcome development, the degree of change in practice remains unclear for now. Much will depend on the text of the implementing regulations (yet to be enacted) and how the courts apply the new law.
Enforcement of Arbitral Awards in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Ibrahim Rashid Abdulrahman
Published: July 2022

This article discusses the enforcement of local and foreign arbitral awards in the courts of the Kingdom of Bahrain. The article explains the procedures required to give executory force to local arbitral awards according to the Bahraini Civil and Commercial Procedures Law. It also describes enforcement of awards under the Arbitration Procedural Rules of the GCC Commercial Arbitration Centre and the Bahrain Chamber for Dispute Resolution. As to the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards, the article outlines the standards and procedures for recognition and enforcement according to the New York Convention of 1958.
The Legal Nature of Arbitration Awards and the Question of Whether Omitting the Name of the Supreme Authority in the Country from the Award Is a Fundamental Flaw which Justifies Invalidation
Authors: Al-Abdulla Sultan M.
Published: July 2022

Despite the long history of arbitration being used as a method of resolving disputes, the precise legal nature of arbitration and arbitral awards remains controversial. The controversy is reflected in the manner in which courts have dealt with arbitral awards, particularly with respect to recognition and enforcement. One key question regarding the recognition of arbitral awards is whether it must be issued in the name of the country's supreme authority and whether it may be nullified if it lacks such detail. The Qatari legal scene was confronted with this question in June 2012 when the Court of Cassation refused to recognize an arbitral award on the basis that the award was not issued in the name of the Emir of Qatar. Following this decision, debate erupted among legal professionals who were largely divided on the merits of the decision. After some two years of heated debate, the Court of Cassation abandoned its stance and has now recognized arbitral awards that do not carry the name of the Emir.
Conflicts of Law and International Commercial Arbitration  Can Conflict Be Avoided?
Authors: Jhangiani Sapna
Published: July 2022

International arbitration, by its nature, raises conflict of laws issues because of the interaction between different legal systems. Parties to international arbitrations face more potential choice-of-law issues than international litigants, and such issues include: what law governs the arbitration agreement where the parties have not expressly agreed this?; what law governs capacity?; what is the lex arbitri?; and what law governs the granting of interim measures by a tribunal?

The author analyzes the common law approach to the above issues, and argues that there is not enough consistency and guidance to navigate them.A lack of harmonization in relation to these issues leads to a lack of certainty for users which may, in turn, discourage users away from international arbitration as a dispute resolution process. The author therefore proposes reforms and preferred approaches to be adopted by the international arbitration community in order to lead to greater certainty in the outcome to these issues.
Third-Party Funding in International Arbitration: Is it Time for Some Soft Rules?
Authors: Owczarek Olga , Stoyanov Marie
Published: July 2022

As reflected in recent resounding cases, third-party funding plays an increasing role in international litigation and arbitration. While this development gives rise to many novel issues, and adds to existing ones such as the disclosure of conflict of interests, it is however still in need of a proper response from the legal community. In the first part of this article, an overview of three jurisdictions-England & Wales, the United States and France-will display some diversity and, perhaps, difficulty in addressing this (relatively) new phenomenon. The second and third parts will delve deeper into the particular issues raised by the existence of a third-party funding agreement, such as the crucial question of disclosure of such agreement, or the issue of liability for costs. The last part will conclude on the responses offered so far by the arbitration community to this challenge, and try to lay out a way forward.
Mediation: A New International Playing Field
Authors: Lincoln Bronwyn
Published: July 2022

For some time now, the international business community has recognised the merit of international arbitration as the principal dispute resolution process. Arbitration offers many benefits, including confidentiality and flexibility, but its greatest selling point is the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards. However, it has been rare for a tribunal to suggest to parties engaged in international arbitration that they explore a commercial settlement through mediation in parallel with the determinative process. In this article, Bronwyn Lincoln, partner of Herbert Smith Freehills, discusses the developing role of mediation in the resolution of international disputes.
Striking the Right Balance: The Roles of Arbitral Institutions, Parties and Tribunals in Achieving Efficiency in International Arbitration
Authors: Paralika Marily , Schläpfer Anne Véronique
Published: July 2022

Users often complain about the lack of efficiency and the costs of international arbitration. Parties, arbitral tribunals, institutions all agree that measures should be taken to make arbitration less expensive and more efficient. Who is responsible for this? Who is in a position to resolve these difficulties? Trying to find scapegoats is not useful; parties, arbitral tribunals and institutions all have their share of responsibility. They also have remedies to enhance the quality of the process and make it more cost-effective and less time consuming. The authors will try to identify measures which could be undertaken at various stages of the proceedings to achieve this goal, bearing in mind that there cannot be one single solution fit for every arbitration.
Mixed Courts of Egypt and International Arbitration
Authors: Leboulanger Philippe
Published: July 2022

Historically, Mixed Courts of Egypt, and recently international arbitration, have led to controversial debates as to their role in the Egyptian legal system.

The Mixed Courts have been and are often still considered an infringement of Egyptian sovereignty because they were established during colonialism. However, the courts came into existence because Egypt needed a new, efficient legal system to end the consular courts, which were created under the Capitulations Treaties in the Ottoman Empire and caused unequal and sometimes biased treatment of Egyptian nationals. But beyond the geopolitical and historical context, the Mixed Courts have contributed to the development of the modern Egyptian legal system and Egyptian heritage in comparative law and international private law.

Although the Mixed Courts and international arbitration proceedings are similar (e.g., different nationalities and legal backgrounds of judges and arbitrators, the possibility to apply different laws to the parties’ disputes), the historical and political context that resulted in the creation of the mechanisms is different. Thus, the claim that international arbitration would overstep Egyptian sovereignty is unfounded. On the contrary, Egypt’s desire to have a modern set of arbitration rules is shared with other States seeking participation in the economic globalization, and international arbitration has proved to be an appropriate mechanism for international trade dispute resolution.