bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dealing with dystopia: Freire’s Gnostic cycle and media ecology in a post-pandemic world
Authors: Cheyunski Fred
Published: March 2022

In recent years, commentators have characterized the disruptive social occurrences and technological changes as dystopic. As we attempt to address and deal with this melee of events with their associated emotions and reactions, this article mines media ecology literature, the work of renowned Brazilian educator, Paulo Freire, and other sources to propose some answers and choices for the path forward. More specifically, this article defines dystopia and describes Freire’s Gnostic cycle, which is comprised of active research, learning and teaching as a possible antidote. It highlights media ecology articles complementary to Freire that may be further leveraged. Finally, the article focuses on Freire’s Gnostic cycle in offering suggestions regarding future media ecology work to contribute in building a post pandemic world.
Two cheers for literacy: Walter Ong, President Trump and the literate mind
Authors: Olson David R.
Published: March 2022

Walter Ong emphasized two broad implications of literacy on mind, consciousness and interiority. I review some recent evidence for these conjectures by reference to my own research on children’s understanding of mind. I then go on to show how a theory of literate consciousness may help to explain the peculiar nature of Trump’s political rhetoric.
Reading the Comments: Likers, Haters, and Manipulators at the Bottom of the Web, Joseph M. Reagle (2015)
Authors: Jedrzejczyk Mark
Published: March 2022

Review of: Reading the Comments: Likers, Haters, and Manipulators at the Bottom of the Web, Joseph M. Reagle (2015)

Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 208 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-26202-893-6, p/bk, $9.99, Kindle, $9.99
Cost analysis of seedling supply systems adapted for mechanized tree planting: a case study from southern Sweden
Authors: Ersson Back , Sundblad Lars-Göran , Manner Jussi
Published: March 2022

Because todayâs tree planting machines do a good job silviculturally, the Nordic forest sector is interested in finding ways to increase the planting machinesâ productivity. Faster seedling reloading increases machine productivity, but that solution might require investments in specially designed seedling packaging. The objective of our study was to compare the cost-efficiency of cardboard box concepts that increase the productivity of tree planting machines with that of todayâs two most common seedling packaging systems in southern Sweden. We modelled the total cost of these five different seedling packaging systems using data from numerous sources including manufacturers, nurseries, contractors, and forest companies. Under these southern Swedish conditions, the total cost of cardboard box concepts that increase the productivity of intermittently advancing tree planting machines was higher than the cost of the cultivation tray system (5â49% in the basic scenario). However, the conceptual packaging system named ManBox_fast did show promise, especially with increasing primary transport distances and increased planting machine productivities and hourly costs. Thus, our results show that high seedling packing density is of fundamental importance for cost-efficiency of cardboard box systems designed for mechanized tree planting. Our results also illustrate how different factors in the seedling supply chain affect the cost-efficiency of tree planting machines. Consequently, our results underscore that the key development factor for mechanized tree planting in the Nordic countries is the development of cost-efficient seedling handling systems between nurseries and planting machines.
A magyar védelmi ipar jövőképe = The Vision of the Hungarian Defense Industry
Authors: Taksás Balázs , Hegedűs Ernő
Published: March 2022

A 20. és 21. századi tapasztalatok alapján a nemzeti védelmi ipar létrehozásának 3 alapvető feltétele van: külső vagy belső biztonsági kihívások, politikai akarat, gazdasági és társadalmi erőforrások. Ez a cikk ez utóbbin keresztül mutatja be a magyar védelmi ipar jövőképét. Átfogóan elemzi a védelmi ipar erőforrásbázisát, megvizsgálja az olyan szükséges elemeket, mint a technológia és know-how, tőke, munkaerő, menedzsment tudás, beszállítói lánc, kapcsolódó ipar és szolgáltatás ágak, innovációs ökoszisztéma, kutatásfejlesztési infrastruktúra. Bemutatja a védelmi iparpolitika céljait, lehetséges eszközeit, jövőbeni lehetőségeit és korlátait. = Based on 20th and 21st century experiences the successful creation of national defense industry has three essential requirements: external or internal security challenges, strong political commitment, economic and social resources. Focusing on the last one, this article presents the vision of the Hungarian defense industry. It comprehensively analyzes the defense industrial base with all its required elements: technology and know-how, labour forces, entrepreneurship and management skills, domestic supply chains, connecting industrial and service branches, innovation ecosystem, research and development infrastructure. It is also a brief of the goals, possible tools, future opportunities and restrictions of the defense industrial policy.
EU-US Trade Dilemmas in a Linear Cournot Model
Authors: Kovács Eszter
Published: March 2022

The most commonly used models for quantifying trade agreements in the international literature can be divided into two groups. Microeconomic models illustrate pre- and post-negotiation situations with micro-level profit analyses. Macroeconomic models deal with the study of macro-level economic effects. Our aim, using the Cournot model, is to add another category, namely the extension of the microeconomics-based game theory oligopoly tool to the level of countries and regions, to examine the impact of trade agreements. In this article we present the economic dilemmas surrounding the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) between the European Union and the United States. If the two actors choose an export output level at the same time, a linear Cournot model can be set up. The version of this extended to trade relations identifies the market equilibrium that emerges in a duopoly situation. On the other hand, it establishes the point at which it is worthwhile for the parties to remove tariff barriers. Egyelőre a nemzetközi szakirodalomban a kereskedelmi egyezmények számszerűsítésre leginkább alkalmazott modellek két csoportba sorolhatók. A mikroökonómiai modellek tárgyalások előtti és utáni helyzeteket illusztrálnak mikroszintű profitelemzésekkel. A makrogazdasági modellek makroszintű gazdasági hatások vizsgálatával foglalkoznak. Célunk a Cournot modell alkalmazásával, hogy felvessünk egy újabb kategóriát, azaz a mikroökonómia alapú játékelméleti oligopólium eszköztár országok, régiók szintjére való kiterjesztését a kereskedelmi egyezmények hatásának vizsgálatához. Ebben a cikkben bemutatjuk az Európai Unió és az Egyesült Államok közötti Transzatlanti Kereskedelmi és Beruházási Partnerséggel (TTIP) kapcsolatos gazdasági dilemmákat. Ha a két szereplő egyszerre választ exportkibocsátási szintet, akkor felállítható egy lineáris Cournot modell. Ennek kereskedelmi kapcsolatokra kiterjesztett változata azonosítja a duopólium helyzetben létrejövő piaci egyensúlyt. Másrészt bemutatja azt a pontot, ameddig megéri a feleknek elmenni a vámjellegű akadályok lebontása tekintetében.
Supporting the evaluation of academic practices
Authors: Austen Liz
Published: March 2022

In this paper, ten principles for evaluating blended teaching and learning in an age of Covid-19 (Austen 2020) are discussed with specific suggestions for academic practice/practitioners; Evaluation Strategy, Student Involvement, Rationale for Change, Comparisons, Data Types, Standards of Evidence, Indicators of Success, Evaluation Research, Review, Resource and Capacity. The initial reflections (July 2020) focused on supporting the higher education sector with institution-wide evaluations, as this was the strategic and regulatory pressure at that time.  However, institutional evaluations are only possible if they are fed by a local evidence base.  In this opinion piece, the ten evaluative principles are reframed to encourage evaluative thinking by academic practitioners, and particularly those defined as early adopters. This piece encourages institutions and practitioners to reframe an emphasis on evaluation methods into a critical space of evaluative thinking whilst appreciating the contingent factors of their institution and its stakeholders.
Lessons learned from early adopters of blended and online learning
Authors: Huser Camille , Campbell Sue , Fontaine Samantha , Jamieson Susan , Marks Leah , Singer Jeremy , Young Ronnie
Published: March 2022

In 2013, the University of Glasgow published an e-learning strategy, setting out a vision for the University’s digital education delivery between 2013 and 2020. The strategy’s aim, in part, was the creation of personalised, interactive and feedback-rich courses, and staff were noted as key enablers of the strategic priorities. As a result of this strategy, several initiatives were developed, including the creation of massive open online courses (MOOCs), the implementation of the Blended and Online Learning Development (BOLD) project, which led to the creation of fully online PGT masters programmes, blended Undergraduate courses, and eventually, the creation of a Digital Education unit. More recently, micro-credential courses have been developed, which bridge the gap between MOOCs and full online accredited programmes. Finally, in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic led to the rapid pivot to remote teaching. In this article, we describe the roles, challenges and opportunities of early adopters in a number of these initiatives across the University, giving a reflective account of our lessons learnt and recommendations for staff involved in similar initiatives.
Harnessing online course development skills: A crisis- prompted but carefully planned EAP course
Authors: Macdiarmid Carole , Rolinska Anna
Published: March 2022

This paper explores how lessons learned from developing blended and fully online courses were employed in the momentous move to online delivery in the late spring and summer of 2020. Our context was one in which, rather than having to get through to the end of semester, we were embarking on what would normally be large-scale intensive academic English courses which would run throughout the summer.  While the pivot online did mean as Gacs et al. (2020, p. 380) says ‘crisis‐prompted remote teaching’, our previous experiences enabled us to provide effective, principled templates to support course designers, and teachers who would deliver courses. Drawing on principles of effective online learning, constructive and social constructivist pedagogies for both language and content learning, we show how these flipped courses were planned and scaffolded. We also illustrate how teacher induction incorporates not only pedagogical and content knowledge but also technical knowledge, thus starting to address aspects of Mishra and Koehler’s (2006) technical, pedagogical and content knowledge (TPCK) framework.  Support for teachers was also provided by organising teams of teachers with a variety of experience. There was a deliberate emphasis on peer planning and discussions of lessons, thus ensuring opportunities to share expertise and to meet the need for social interactions for teachers.

The resulting courses were quite different from the face-to face classroom-heavy immersive learning provision. Yet our reflection will show how the careful but essentially simple approaches used in course design afforded engaging and ultimately very successful outcomes. While we will reflect on aspects that need further development, these can be built on as colleagues develop the skills and confidence to continue online delivery. This paper, then, aims to show that essential skills sets can be developed with relatively minimal but carefully thought out principled, structured and streamlined support from the outset.
The PhD and missing skills: capacity and capability building for social science engagement with industry
Authors: Ferrie Joanna Margaret , Scott Anna
Published: March 2022

Responding to a call for a national level change around the quality of research teaching to identify and meet industry needs, and to this being interdisciplinary, this paper reports on Business Booster Training. Produced with 3 UK universities, intersecting with knowledge exchange and impact teams and with a national Graduate School of Social Sciences, the training took place over 4 days, at 3 sites, and delivered, incrementally, the skills PhD researchers need to engage with industry: event 1 - to build confidence in use of industry-related terminology; event 2 – to practice translating research ideas for industry; event 3 – to pitch research ideas to actual industry partners. Thirty places were available nationwide, and over 100 applicants from across Scotland. Low attrition (from one event to the next) indicates the quality of the training. The paper will reflect on this incremental strategy as a pedagogic innovation, building relationships between the next generation of social scientists and our business communities. Feedback revealed that interacting with other students, engaging directly with colleagues from industry and finding relevance to their own research and research strategies, were highlights of the training. The training succeeded in improving confidence and skills around working with businesses.
Computer-based examinations: unearthing exam invigilators’ perspectives, tacit work-related knowledge, and skills via reflection-on-experience
Authors: Minott Mark A
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this small qualitative study is two-fold: first, to show how ‘reflection-on-experience’ enacted through interviews can unearth the tacit work-related knowledge and skills exam invigilators developed on the job and second, to continue redressing the lack of attention given to invigilators in the research literature. To collect data, interviews were conducted. Responses were analysed to reach interpretation and answer research questions.

Interview results revealed participants viewed invigilating computer-based examinations as either ‘easy’ or ‘demanding’. They displayed knowing: the facets or procedures of exam invigilation (timekeeping, giving instructions, rest, or toilet breaks), the characteristics of the students (special educational needs—SEN),  and computer and operational knowledge—such as knowing about a USB stick and deleting a document, and who to call and when in case there is a problem with a computer. Participants also displayed procedural skills (discretely directing students to the toilet and computer-troubleshooting) and intangible skills (mental flexibility, care, and creativity).

This study shows, through a critical discussion of the literature, coupled with the findings that invigilators learn on the job, i.e., they developed work-related knowledge and skills. This knowledge and skills are often implicit or tacit and may remain that way if not given an opportunity, via reflection, to be made explicit.
Supporting sessional staff through structured induction: evaluation, reflections and lessons learned
Authors: Dickson Beth , Davidson Janis McIntyre
Published: March 2022

The case study that is the focus of this article is based on a professional development opportunity provided for sessional staff who were recruited to the School of Education at a research-intensive university in the UK. Research literature on sessional staff demonstrates potential pitfalls both in academic management and continuing professional development for this group of staff. Taking a socio-constructive view of teaching and learning, we outline the construction and delivery of an induction training programme for sessional staff recruited to supervise Masters dissertations. The sessions were characterised by active learning, discussion among peers and with staff knowledgeable in the specific areas under discussion. The induction training programme was evaluated by an online survey. Drawing on the survey as well as our own reflections, we found that the induction sessions had enabled sessional staff to become more confident in taking up their roles; that active learning and discussion had been both important and enjoyable; and that knowledgeable staff had contributed to the effectiveness of the teaching and learning which were experienced.
Preparing to teach online before and during emergency pandemic teaching: staff perceptions and future directions
Authors: Clapp Alison
Published: March 2022

Online teaching, using internet-based resources with students at a distance, could be described as an innovation when compared to the traditional in-person teaching carried out by universities. This makes Rogers’ diffusion of innovations theory useful for examining the factors that enable this mode of teaching to be used, including staff development.  Teaching online requires different techniques to teaching in campus-based courses to provide good student engagement. Transition to online teaching can be a daunting experience if development of online teaching skills and knowledge is poor, or absent. This study aimed to investigate practices and perceptions of efficacy in staff development with surveys, utilising staff replies to suggest future provision of staff training, in terms of Rogers’ theory. The study objectives were to elucidate from staff what training was received prior to their transition to online teaching, their opinions on its effectiveness, other specific training they consider necessary and timeliness of current provision. Two groups were surveyed. The pre-COVID-19 group (22 staff), the innovators, taught online distance masters students in a UK medical school Graduate School. The COVID-19 emergency teaching group (27 staff) normally taught in-person masters courses and could be considered Rogers’ late adopters. Thematic analysis of comments revealed that for both cohorts training was hit and miss, with some feeling adequately trained and others struggling with the new mode. Clear knowledge of who to ask for help, with education technologists as innovation champions, provided confidence in teaching, as did the availability of exemplars of good practice. Barriers to teaching confidence came from lack of support and time for training. Future training provision with technologists acting as innovation champions and support from them and early adopters as mentors is suggested, with staff working relationally together.
O Atendimento Educacional Especializado no Ensino Superior: relatos de experiência
Authors: Evaristo Fabiana Lacerda , Asnis Valéria Peres , Cardoso Priscila Alvarenga
Published: March 2022

O Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) é um serviço da Educação Especial ofertado a estudantes com deficiências em todos os níveis, etapas e modalidades de ensino e tem como proposta possibilitar a acessibilidade ao currículo educacional, por meio do atendimento de suas necessidades educativas. Com o intuito de contribuir com as discussões acerca deste serviço, o presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o AEE ofertado em instituições de Ensino Superior, a partir do relato de duas experiências vivenciadas por docentes que ofertaram este serviço, sendo uma no Instituto Federal de São Paulo, Campus Cubatão, e outra na Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul. Os relatos reafirmam a necessidade deste serviço para que seja garantido o direito a uma formação de qualidade aos estudantes do Ensino Superior.
Guardar en épocas de abundancia:
Authors: Ramírez Llorens Fernando
Published: March 2022

La presencia cada vez más extendida de cámaras de video en diferentes espacios públicos y en el ámbito privado es el símbolo de una transformación más amplia, cuantitativa y cualitativa, en la forma y tipo de registros que se están produciendo a partir del giro digital en el audiovisual. El trabajo se propone analizar tres ejemplos para pensar cuáles son los desafíos que enfrentan los Archivos Audiovisuales en este marco. A partir de preguntarse por el valor social de estas nuevas imágenes, el análisis propone algunas dificultades y ejemplos incipientes de archivos que están trabajando en líneas que intentan dar cuenta de esta expansión de lo audiovisual y propone una reflexión sobre el rol que pueden cumplir los organismos científicos y universitarios en esta línea.
Los discursos de memorias en torno a La Forestal.
Authors: Matinez Paola
Published: March 2022

En este artículo proponemos una lectura de los usos de materiales fílmicos de archivo en el audiovisual La ruta de la Forestal (Ramazza y Benito, 2019) y las implicancias de sentido que esto conlleva. Entendemos que en tanto soportes de memorias, los audiovisuales poseen una fuerte potencialidad para la formación, reorganización y encuadramiento de las memorias individuales, por ello, debemos estudiarlos atendiendo a su historicidad y al escenario de disputas del que son parte. Encontramos en la obra de Gastón Gori el campo semántico fundante de La Forestal y una línea de retórica de denuncia que hace huella en diversos proyectos audiovisuales.
Association between Vitamin D and Calcium Level and BMD Alteration in Post-Menopausal Osteoporosis Patients Treated with Bisphosphonate Therapy for at Least 1 Year in Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah , Huwae Thomas Erwin Christian Junus , Chodidjah Chodidjah
Published: March 2022

Post-menopausal osteoporosis is a degenerative disease among post-menopausal women. In Indonesia, women over 50 years old get post-menopausal osteoporosis.The therapy should be comprehensive and continous. Bisphosphonate therapy is one of the most preferable therapeutic option for maintaining bone density. Calcium and vitamin D have a role in increasing osteoblastic activity. The objective of this study was to describe the vitamin D and calcium in bone mineral density (BMD) of hip and spine in postmenopausal woman with biphosphonat therapy. This study is a cross-sectional, observational analytic. The subject were female patients with post-menopausal osteoporosis treated in clinic of RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang, who had received routine bisphosphonate for at least 1 year. The method was collecting the patient data, who received oral and injectie bisphosphonate therapy, serial BMD test,hip and spine, vitamin D and calcium level in serum test. Total sample 25 participan, the association between BMD change (Δ BMD), vitamin D and calcium level, were analyzed.with Chi Square test then continued using Spearman correlation test. Vitamin D levels in Δ BMD Spine in participants was less <30 ng/ml, mean 16.8+6.95 14 respondents (56%), and 6 respondens (24%) 10.05+5.28, normal vitamin D levels were 5 respondents (20%) mean 34.16+5.10. Vitamin D levels in Δ BMD Hip in participants was less <30 ng/ml, mean 15.19+7.7 12 respondents (48%), and 8 respondens (32%) 12.30+5.57, normal vitamin D levels were 5 respondents (20%) 33.66+5.40. Calcium levels in BMD spine 9.60+0.45, 14 respondents (56%), and 11 respondens (44%) 9.59+0.52. There is a significant and moderate relationship between vitamin D levels with Δ BMD spine (p=0.009, r=0.564) and Hip (p=0.039, r= 0.480) T Blood calcium levels with Δ BMD changes unrelated (normal). There is a significant association between vitamin D levels spine and Hip Δ BMD. Blood calcium levels with Δ BMD changes unrelated.Keywords: Osteoporosis, Bisphosphonate, Vitamin D levels, Calcium levels.
Why We Don’t Cardrive or Bookread, but Slavedrive and Lipread
Authors: Lamberty Angela
Published: March 2022

Compounding is a highly productive word-formation pattern in the English language. In light of this, it is counterintuitive that English lacks a general word-formation rule for genuine verbal compounds and those appear to be very rare. But for what reason does verbal composition disqualify as a productive word-formation pattern in English? How are verbal pseudo-compounds processed and what does this imply about the way in which newly coined genuine verbal compounds would be processed? What are the factors that determine and influence the processing of English verbal compounds and pseudo-compounds? This book adopts a fresh cognitive linguistic perspective on verbal compounding and investigates the above questions with the help of experimental methods. It offers a novel and cognitive linguistically based model of mental access to verbal compounds and tries to complement the prevailing structural and typological approaches by insights on language processing.
Formen des Archivbildes
Authors: Müller Anett
Published: March 2022

YouTube und andere Videoplattformen üben massiven Einfluss auf unser kollektives Gedächtnis aus. Im Zuge der steigenden Bedeutung dieser Archive des Internetzeitalters haben auch spektakuläre Spielfilmproduktionen Hochkonjunktur, die auf Archivbilder von markanten historischen Ereignissen zurückgreifen. Vier Filme der jüngsten Filmgeschichte belegen herausragend die neue Aktualität des »Archivbildfilms«: Clint Eastwoods zweiteiliges Epos FLAGS OF OUR FATHERS (2006)/LETTERS FROM IWO JIMA (2006), Steven Soderberghs THE GOOD GERMAN – IN DEN RUINEN VON BERLIN (2006) und Sam Mendes’ JARHEAD – WILLKOMMEN IM DRECK (2005). Entlang dieser Filme stellt die Autorin die entscheidende Frage, wie wir uns in Zukunft erinnern werden: in Bildern oder an Bilder?
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERKAIT IZIN PENGELOLAAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL DI INDONESIA PASCA HADIRNYA OMNIBUS LAW
Authors: Amir Nabbilah , Watumlawar Jerry
Published: March 2022

Kehadiran Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja, menimbulkan problematika. Kekhasan dari Negara Indonesia yang kaya akan sumber daya alamnya memberikan konsekuensi logis untuk pengoptimalan terkait pengelolaannya, sehingga undang-undang tersebut ada, bertujuan untuk memperbaiki disharmonisasi perundang-undangan dan guna mempercepat investasi demi pemenuhan kesejahteraan masyarakat Indonesia. Secara khusus izin pemanfaatan pulau-pulau kecil merupakan salah satu aspek yang terdampak dari kehadiran undang-undang ini. Maka penulisan kali ini dengan merujuk pada pengaturan izin pemanfaatan pulau-pulau kecil. Izin pemanfaatan dapat menjadi salah satu upaya untuk percepatan pemenuhan tujuan berbangsa dan bernegara namun tetap perlu adanya perencanaan, pemanfaatan dan pengendalian yang tepat oleh pemerintah.
Characterization of intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites in patients with mild hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Lin Yong , Yan Gengjie , Feng Feng , Wang Minggang , Long Fuli
Published: March 2022

Mild micro-hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is a severe complication of cirrhosis. At present, there are differences in the consistency of detection strategies and treatment directions for MHE. The characteristic changes in intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites in MHE patients and the possible relevant interaction mechanisms would inevitably affect the developmental direction of MHE. Therefore, the changes in the characteristics of intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites of MHE patients were determined, and the possible interactions between them were analyzed. Stool and serum tests were performed on both the MHE patients and healthy individuals. The 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were used to analyze the differences in intestinal microbiota in MHE patients. The serum metabolites were detected using liquid LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) technology, and the differences in the metabolic networks of blood metabolites in MHE patients were analyzed. A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis approach was adopted to identify the composition and characteristics of microbiota and serum metabolites and the possible correlation between them. The main characteristics of the structural imbalance in the intestinal microbiota of MHE patients included a decrease in the number of beneficial bacteria at the levels of phylum, class, order, family, and genus and an increase in the pathogenic bacteria, resulting in substantial changes in the relative abundances of bacteria in the intestinal microbiota. The main predicted functions that showed significant differences included chromosome, amino acid-related enzymes, methane metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism. The detection of serum metabolites resulted in 10 different metabolites, including taurocholic acid, citrulline, d-phenyl-lactic acid, l-tyrosine, benzoate, phenylalanine, linoleic acid, eicosapedienic acid, alpha-dimorphecolic acid, and dehydroepiandrosterone. The subsequent metabolite pathways analysis showed differences in the metabolism of linoleic acid, phenyl-propane, caffeine, arginine, proline, glycine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, and pyrimidine compared to the control group. In summary, it seems that the changes in the microbiome that we have identified have resulted in corresponding changes to the serum metabolome. In turn, this may represent changes in the absorption of metabolites from the gut or reflect the changed metabolic capacity of the MHE liver or both. There were characteristic changes in the intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites in the MHE patients. There might be a related interaction mechanism between the two, which would provide evidence and direction for the detection and treatment strategies of MHE.
Entwicklung eines modularen, digitalen Shopfloor-Management Modells
Authors: Kandler Magnus , Kieback Florian , Voigt Jaakob , Lanza Gisela
Published: March 2022

Die Weiterentwicklung des Shopfloor Managements (SFM) durch die zunehmende Digitalisierung in der Produktion stellt viele Unternehmen vor große Herausforderungen. Vielen Unternehmen fehlt eine Orientierungshilfe für den Digitalisierungs- und Transformationsprozess. Es bedarf eines Reifegradmodells, welches die Digitalisierung des SFM in den Unternehmen unterstützt. Mithilfe der Einordnung in das Reifegradmodell kann den Unternehmen eine Orientierung gegeben werden, Maßnahmen auf dem Weg zum Zielzustand des digitalen SFM zu bestimmen. Der Beitrag stellt neben dem Reifegradmodell auch Studienergebnisse deutscher Unternehmen dar, welche an der Reifegradeinordnung teilgenommen haben.
The East Is Red…Again! How the Specters of Communism and Russia Shape Central and Eastern European Views of China
Authors: Gries Peter , Turcsányi Richard
Published: March 2022

During the past decade, China has rapidly emerged as a major player in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Will it divide Europe? Might these formerly communist countries align themselves again with a communist superpower to their east? Or does their past experience of Russia and communism generate suspicions of China? This article explores what public opinion data from a fall 2020 survey of six CEE countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Serbia, and Slovakia) can teach us about the drivers of CEE attitudes toward China. It suggests that China has become a “second Eastern power” beyond Russia against which many people in the CEE have come to define themselves. Although there are large differences between CEE publics in their views of China, individual-level self-identifications with the East or West, and attitudes toward the communist past and communism today consistently shape views of both Russia and China. Russia looms large for all in the CEE, but especially for Latvia and Poland, whose views of China appear to be almost completely mediated through attitudes toward their giant Russian neighbor. We conclude with thoughts on the implications of these findings about the structure of CEE public opinion toward China for the future of the “16+1” mechanism and CEE-China relations more broadly.
How to Train Your Dragon
Authors: Ohanyan Anna , Kopalyan Nerses
Published: March 2022

This article examines the issue of democratic breakthroughs in highly geopoliticized, fractured regions in the post-Soviet space. While recognizing the political challenges of democratic transitions in such regions, it investigates specific conditions conducive to effective democratic openings in such regions. Using a case study method, it focuses on Armenia’s Velvet Revolution in 2018, which successfully challenged the previously-entrenched authoritarian regime in the country. This was particularly significant as it occurred in Russia’s security orbit. Armenia has been firmly wedged in Russia-centric regional organizations, in parallel to the deep bilateral ties between the two countries developed since the Soviet collapse. This article argues, first, that the efficacy of nonviolent civil disobedience campaign played a key role in ushering a peaceful democratic breakthrough. This strategy is also credited for explaining Russian restraint as the events unfolded throughout the year. Second, it also highlights the specific form of Armenia’s authoritarianism and the institutionalization of the state that it had produced. It posits an autocrat’s dilemma: greater state institutionalization to defend the “soft” authoritarian system at some point becomes a liability. This dual-track approach to the study of Armenia’s Velvet Revolution, the civil society and the state, is also used to explain Russian restraint as a factor in this case. The article concludes with a brief application of this dual-track transition model to the unyielding mass protests in Belarus, also occurring in Russia’s security orbit.
Compliant Subjects?
Authors: Shynkarenko Mariia
Published: March 2022

The Crimean Tatars, a Muslim Turkic ethnic group, remain the most oppressed group in Crimea after the 2014 Russian annexation. The Ukrainian public tends to view them as obedient victims forced to accommodate Russian demands, while scholars mainly avoid the issue. My ethnographic fieldwork in Crimea, however, demonstrates that what might seem like obedient behavior from the outside is, in fact, an expression of agency. This reading is based on close-range observations and conversations with people who speak and behave in ways that initially appear as compliant acts, but which do in fact challenge Russian authorities—arguably more so than other overt forms of resistance in this context. I argue that the ability to decipher many Crimean Tatars’ behavior as tactics of resistance, depends on our understanding of authorities’ contrary expectations. Portrayed as religious fanatics and a security threat, Crimean Tatars are stereotyped as terrorists, likely to engage in extremist activity. In light of this, Crimean Tatars’ compliant behavior, expressed through patience and etiquette, festivity and humor, proves that narrative wrong. Furthermore, other seemingly compliant behaviors—such as accepting Russian passports in order to remain in Crimea—should be interpreted as an act of resistance to the political aims of state actors. By undermining the state’s aim to push out Crimean Tatars and increase the Slavic population, the decision to remain in Crimea in fact challenges state power, rather than affirms it.
Studies on the effects of annealing on the structural and optical properties of nanocrystalline ZnCdS thin films
Authors:   Department of Physics, Chaibasa Engineering College, Chaibasa, Jharkhand833215, India, Kumar S. , Bhushan R. ,   Department of Physics, Amity University , Ranchi, Jharkhand-834002, India, Kumar S. R. ,   Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities, National Institute of Foundry & Forge Technology, Ranchi-834003, India, Rajpal S. ,   Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities, National Institute of Foundry & Forge Technology, Ranchi-834003, India
Published: March 2022

Zinc Cadmium Sulphide (ZnCdS) is a ternary direct band gap semiconducting material having potential applications in different opto-electronic devices. The deposition temperature can be effectively used to enhance the structure and optical properties of the films. In this paper, we have investigated the effect of air annealing on the various properties of ZnCdS films. A nanocrystalline ZnCdS thin film was successfully deposited on molybdenum substrate and the effect of annealing on structural, morphological, and optical properties were studied. The main impact was found to be slightly increase in crystallite size which effectively reduced the defects. It is observed that deposited film annealed at higher temperature provide a smooth and flat texture suited for optoelectronic applications. SEM photographs reveals the deposited grains are well connected and uniformly distributed over the surface. The experimental results show that the energy gap of the films is not much affected by the annealing temperature and varies from 2.6 eV to 2.7 eV. However, the oxygen annealing improves crystalline structure.
Effects of Sn dopant on power factor of Tl8.67Sb1.33-xSnxTe6 nanoparticles
Authors:   Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10 Islamabad Pakistan, Khan S. , Shah W. H. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10 Islamabad Pakistan, Tufail M. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10 Islamabad Pakistan, Syed W.A. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10 Islamabad Pakistan, Khan W. M. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10 Islamabad Pakistan
Published: March 2022

In this research work the thermoelectric and electrical performance of Sn doped Tellurium Telluride Tl8.67SnxSb1.33-xTe6 (x=0.61, 0.63, 0.65, 0.67, 0.68, 0.70), was studied. The samples were synthesized by melting method. By XRD and EDX analysis it has been confirmed that single phase tetragonal crystal structure with no any other impurities. The See beck co-efficient (thermo power) (S) shows increasing positive trend showing p-type semiconductor characteristics with whole temperature range from 300 to 550 K. At ambient temperature complex behavior of See beck coefficient for Sn doped compounds has been observed initially S decreasing with increase in Sn concentration i.e. x=0.65, and then S increases with increase in Sn contents up to x=0.70. In additional the electrical conductivity (σ) and the power factors have also shows the same complex behavior with the increase of Sn concentrations.. Telluride’s are narrow band-gap semiconductors, with all elements in common oxidation states, according to (Tl+ )9(Sb3+) (Te2- )6.It is found that the power factor is increases with Sn concentrations as well as increase in temperature range from 300-500 K.
Thermal and magnetic properties of chalcogenide CZFTS nanoparticles for solar cell application
Authors:   Department of medical physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq, Hussein E. H. , Hussein H. M. ,   Department of medical physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq, Mohammed K. A. ,   Department of medical physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq, Zbibah R. S. ,   Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq, Alrubaie A. J. ,   Research and Studies Unit, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hillah, Babil, Iraq, Sharifi S. ,   Department of Physics, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran, Yazdani A. ,   Department of Physics, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
Published: March 2022

An attempt is made to resolve the controversy related to the reconstruction mechanism of magneto-optical stannite/kieserite crystal structure with a random mixture of two quaternary compounds of Cu2ZnSnS4-Cu2FeSnS4 while the identification of phase formation by XRD is difficult. Since the Fe is surprisingly emerged on the Cu position while Fe is replaced by Zn. The induced dynamical sliding by Cu-ionic-host could be existed which is strongly consequence of magnetic exchange competition (F.M and AFM) through the thermos remanent magnetic reflected on DTA thermal loop. Towards the distortion of intra-plane “a-b”, the volume unit cell and c/a are decreased to minimize Gibbs free energy where the band gap energy is also decreased. The broad maximum of Raman spectroscopy is almost decreased linearly. A strong competition between F.M and AF.M due to the distribution of exchange interaction are evident in x≤0.5 which is dominated by AF.M on x=1.
Structural and thermal properties of nickel oxide nanoparticles doped cadmium zinc borate glasses: preparation and characterization
Authors:   Alexandria University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, P.O. Box 426, Ibraheimia 21321, Alexandria, Egypt., Allam E. A. , El-Sharkawy R. M. ,   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, P.O. Box 37, Sidi Gaber, Alexandria, Egypt., Shaaban Kh.S. ,   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt, El-Taher A. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit Branch, 71524 Assuit, Egypt, Mahmoud M. E. ,   Alexandria University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, P.O. Box 426, Ibraheimia 21321, Alexandria, Egypt., El Sayed Y. ,   Physics Dep., Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Published: March 2022

Nickel-doped cadmium zinc borate glass of various nickel oxide content was prepared as xNiO–20ZnO–60B2 O3 –(20-x) CdO (0≤x≤5 mol %), by the melt quenching method based on nano metal oxides. Both the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and cadmium oxide nanoparticles (CdO NPs) were prepared via the solution–combustion technique. Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) was synthesized by the combustion of Ni(OH)2 and boron oxide nanoparticles (B2 O3 NPs)was synthesized by the solid-state reaction method. The amorphous nature of these types of glass was confirmed using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The morphology of nano-metal oxides was investigated via the scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM imaging showed that the NiO NPs had a semi-spherical morphology, and that their average particle size was 22.17 nm. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy’s (FTIR) spectral analysis was used to identify the structural units of these types of glass via deconvolution, in terms of multi-Gaussian fitting. Results proved that Ni 4+ plays an important role and a key to improve the formation of the BO4 network units. Finally, the high thermal stability and glass transition temperature of the prepared glass samples were increased by increasing the loading of NiO NPs from 0.0 mol % - 5.0 7k = mol % and this was established by using DTA.
Synthesis of Ag/Bi2MoO6 composite nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of RhB solution
Authors:   Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China, Dai Z. X. , Zhang L.Y. ,   Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230601, China, Ruan C.L. ,   School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China, Yun Z.Q. ,   School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China, Zheng G.H. ,   School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
Published: March 2022

Visible-light-driven photocatalyst Ag/Bi2MoO6 was successfully synthesized via a facile hydrothermal route. Ag was uniformly dispersed on the surface of Bi2MoO6 nanosheets. The photocatalytic performance of Ag/Bi2MoO6 composites was evaluated by the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB). The Ag/Bi2MoO6 nanocomposite exhibited a higher photocatalytic activity as compared to pure Bi2MoO6. Moreover, the 7wt% Ag-loaded Bi2MoO6 showed the optimal photocatalytic performance in the degradation of RhB. The photogenerated holes (h+ ) and superoxide radical anions (•O 2- ) were found to be the primary reactive species in the degradation of RhB dye in aqueous solution.
Sonochemical synthesis and characterization of Ag/AgCl/Bi2MoO6 as visible-light-driven photocatalyst for rhodamine B degradation
Authors:   Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand, Phuruangrat A. , Dumkaew R. ,   Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand, Kuntalue B. ,   Electron Microscopy Research and Service Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Sakhon T. ,   Electron Microscopy Research and Service Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Thongtem T. ,   Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Thongtem S. ,   Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: March 2022

Heterostructure Ag/AgCl/Bi2MoO6 nanocomposites as visible-light-driven photocatalyst for rhodamine B (RhB) degradation were prepared by precipitation and sonochemical-assisted deposition method. The phase, morphology, oxidation state of element and optical properties of heterostructure Ag/AgCl/Bi2MoO6 nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-visible spectroscopy. In this research, the pure sample prepared by simple hydrothermal method was orthorhombic phase of Bi2MoO6 nanoplates with smooth surfaces. Upon being loaded with Ag/AgCl by sonochemical-assisted deposition method, AgCl and Ag nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of Bi2MoO6 nanoplates. The UV-visible spectra of Ag/AgCl/Bi2MoO6 nanocomposites show visible light absorption higher than pure Bi2MoO6 nanoplates. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency of Ag/AgCl/Bi2MoO6 nanocomposites was investigated through rhodamine B (RhB) degradation under visible light irradiation and compared with those of the Bi2MoO6 nanoplates and AgCl/Bi2MoO6 nanocomposites. The photocatalytic efficiency of heterostructure Ag/AgCl/Bi2MoO6 nanocomposites in degrading RhB under visible light irradiation is higher than those of Bi2MoO6 nanoplates and AgCl/Bi2MoO6 nanocomposites. The photocatalytic efficiency of Ag/AgCl/Bi2MoO6 nanocomposites in degrading RhB is 99.70% under visible light irradiation within 30 min.
Comparative catalytic activity of low-cost route prepared TiO2 and silver nanoparticle modified TiO2 for visible light assisted dye degradation and mechanism insights
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman, Al-Zahrani F. M. , Alsaiari N.S. ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman, Radika T. ,   C-MET, Center for Materials for Electronics Technology [C-MET], Athani P.O, Thrissur, Kerala, India, Abualnaja K. M. ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Jothiramalingam R. ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Ouladsmane M. ,   Advanced Materials Research Chair, Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Published: March 2022

Pure rutile phase of Titanium dioxide (r-TiO2) is prepared by nitric acid assisted hydrothermal process. XRD, Ft-IR, Raman spectroscopic techniques were utilized to confirms the formation of pure rutile phase for as prepared titania materials. SEM (scanning electron micrograph) images confirms the formation of Cauliflower like morphology for as prepared R-TiO2 with reduced particle size below 5 nm. Ag-TiO2 shows the hexagonal cubic shaped morphology with improved catalytic activity. The catalytic activity of as prepared R-TiO2 and silver modified TiO2 have analysed under visible light irradiation for dye degradation reaction. Dye degradation is occurred very effectively even at higher concentration of MB at reduced time intervals from 5 h to 3 hours of reaction time. Hence, the prepared pure Rutile titania and silver modified TiO2 are shown improved and effective activity in the presence of visible light irradiaiton for dye degradation and discoloration process.