bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hipertexto e saberes docentes
Authors: Ribeiro Andréa Lourdes
Published: July 2018

RESUMO: O presente artigo relata a pesquisa realizada sobre os Planos de Aula de Língua Portuguesa disponíveis no Portal do Professor (MEC) com o objetivo de compreendercomo o professor tem lidado com o hipertexto enquanto objeto de ensino-aprendizagem. A delimitação dos saberes docentes empregados na produção de propostas de ensino do hipertexto concentrou-se inicialmente na verificação do conceito de hipertexto subjacente às propostas de ensino e em seguida na avaliação das práticas pedagógicas para o ensino do hipertexto. Os dados gerados foram observados à luz do referencial teórico que contribuiu para situar a tela como novo espaço de escrita; para definir o hipertexto e sua estruturação textual e linguística; para dimensionar as habilidades implicadas nas maneiras de ler e de escrever no ciberespaço; para refletir sobre o ensino do hipertexto (LÉVY, 1999a, 1999b; MARCUSCHI, 2005; SOARES, 2002; XAVIER, 2005; GOMES, 2011; RIBEIRO, 2012). Para a investigação optamos pela abordagem metodológica quantitativa para mensurar os dados e pela qualitativa com o intuito de interpretar os saberes docentes sobre o hipertexto, representados nos Planos de Aula. Os resultados demonstraram a pluralidade de sentidos atribuídos ao hipertexto e que essa modalidade de escrita virtual não é tomada como objeto de ensino, mas sim como uma “inovação” para práticas pedagógicas que reforçam gêneros textuais típicos da cultura impressa.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: hipertexto; linguística aplicada; ensino; língua portuguesa.

 

ABSTRACT: This paper reports the research performed about the Portuguese Lesson Plans available at the Teacher’s Web Portal in the Brazilian Ministry of Education website, in order to understand how the teacher has dealt with the hypertext as a teaching-learning tool. The teaching-knowledge delimitation used in the elaboration of hypertext teaching proposals was initially focused on the concept of hypertext underlying the proposals and then, on the assessment of pedagogical practices for teaching it. The data were investigated from a theoretical frame that allowed to establish the screen as a new writing space; to define the hypertext and its textual and linguistic structuring; to set a dimension to the skills involved in the ways of reading and writing in cyberspace and to reflect on the hypertext teaching (LÉVY, 1999a, 1999b; MARCUSCHI, 2005; SOARES, 2002; XAVIER, 2005; GOMES, 2011; RIBEIRO, 2012). The research procedures involved the quantitative methodological approach to measure the data, and the qualitative one, aiming at interpreting the teaching-knowledge about the hypertext expressed in the Lesson Plans. The results conveyed the plurality of meanings attributed to hypertext and that this form of virtual writing is not taken as an object of teaching, but rather as an “innovation” for pedagogical practices that reinforces textual genres, typical of a print culture.

KEYWORDS: hypertext; applied linguistics; teaching; Portuguese language.
Espaços e sentidos em disputa: confrontos na praça e no Facebook
Authors: Silva Luiza Helena Oliveira da , Silva Elias da
Published: July 2018

RESUMO: Este trabalho, de natureza interdisciplinar, visa inicialmente delinear o que pode representar uma abordagem em semiótica do espaço ao investigar questões relativas ao modo como os sujeitos constroem sentidos para o lugar e, ao mesmo tempo, o modo como o lugar pode ser pensado como um significante. Para isso, põem em diálogo estudos da geografia e da semiótica discursiva, numa análise tanto do espaço propriamente dito – no caso específico, Araguaína (TO), considerando seus traçados e ocupação – quanto dos sentidos que emergem na fala de sujeitos ao remeterem a sua experiência na cidade. Defende que uma reflexão sobre a configuração territorial da cidade deve considerar práticas socioterritoriais compreendidas como o que denominamos “herança resistente”, estabelecida a partir da combinação de três fatores: o sítio urbano, ou a área físico/geográfica onde a cidade foi sendo implantada; as formas como a apropriação ilegal da terra marcou inicialmente o modo de ocupação territorial; e a omissão intencional ou não do Estado local na organização da cidade, conformado como uma espécie de destinador fraco ou mesmo ausente.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: espaço público; espaço privado; lugar; semiótica do espaço.

 

ABSTRACT: This paper, of an interdisciplinary nature, initially aims at delineating what can represent a spatial semiotics approach by investigating issues related to how subjects construct meanings for the place and at the same time how the place can be thought of as a signifier. In order to do so, they put into dialogue studies of geography and discursive semiotics, in an analysis of both the spatial itself - in the specific case, Araguaína (TO), considering its tracings and occupation -, as well as the meanings that emerge in the speech of subjects when referring to their experience in the city. It argues that a reflection on the territorial configuration of the city should consider socio-territorial practices that are included in a kind of "resistant heritage", configured from the combination of three factors: the urban site, or the physical/geographical area where the city was implanted; the ways in which the illegal appropriation of land initially marked the mode of territorial occupation; and the intentional or unintentional omission of the local State in the organization of the city, conformed as a sort of weak or even absent destination.

KEYWORDS: public spatial; place; spatial semiotics.
Etiology and prevalence of urinary tract infections among pregnant women in Kerala
Authors: M. P. Srinath , M. Shajina , Rahiman O. M. Fasalu
Published: July 2018

Background: Infectious disease such as urinary tract infection was found very commonly during all pregnancies. Chronic renal failure, pyelonephritis, preeclampsia, anemia, fetal mortality and premature delivery are the common complication associated with UTI in pregnancy. Hence the management and prevention of UTI in pregnancy is the crucial factor for the sustained pregnant period. It is more important for a clinician to recognize the pathogenic factor for UTI and its sensitivity profile for planning an effective treatment for infected patients. Hence the present study was designed to identify the pathogenic agents of UTI among pregnant women and to find out the drug susceptibility patterns of the isolated organism against commonly prescribed antibioticsMethods: A prospective analysis was carried out by collecting urine from the 210 patients, the sample was also processed for antimicrobial drug susceptibility testing.Results: A positive report was seen in 26 cases with 13.4% of incident rate. Escherichia coli 14 (53.8%), Klebsiella species 23.07%, Enterococcus species 7.69%, Staphylococcus aureus 3.84%, Proteus 3.84%, Pseudomonas aeroginosa 3.84%, Streptococcus pyogenes 3.84% were the most common isolate found in the present population. The isolated pathogens were sensitive to Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, and Amikacin.Conclusions: It is there for recommended that routine microbiological analysis and antibiotic sensitivity test of urine samples of pregnant women must be carried out before the administration of drugs for better treatments and managements of urinary tract infection.
¿Nuevas drogas en el adolescente?
Authors: Sánchez Guerrero Oscar , Muñoz Fernández Sergio I
Published: July 2018

En la actualidad, para el ser humano es cada vez más variada la posibilidad de utilizar sustancias novedosas con un efecto en el organismo en general y el sistema nervioso central en particular, que le llevan a experimentar estados de bienestar, de expansión, de omnipotencia y otros.
Images analysis for automatic volcano visibility estimation
Authors:   Computing Center FEB RAS, Kamaev A. , Urmanov I. ,   Computing Center FEB RAS, Sorokin A. ,   Computing Center FEB RAS, Karmanov D. ,   Computing Center FEB RAS, Korolev S. ,   Computing Center FEB RAS
Published: July 2018

In this paper, a method for estimating the volcano visibility in the images is presented. This method includes algorithms for analyzing parametric edges of objects under observation and frequency characteristics of the images. Procedures for constructing parametric edges of a volcano and their comparison are considered. An algorithm is proposed for identifying the most persistent edges for a group of several reference images. The visibility of a volcano is estimated by comparing these edges to those of the image under analysis. The visibility estimation is maximized with respect to a planar shift and rotation of the camera to eliminate their influence on the estimation. If the image quality is low, making it hardly suitable for further visibility analysis, the estimation is corrected using an algorithm for analyzing the image frequency response represented as a vector of the octave frequency contribution to the image luminance. A comparison of the reference frequency characteristics and the characteristics of the analyzed image allows us to estimate the contribution of different frequencies to the formation of volcano images. We discuss results of the verification of the proposed algorithms performed using the archive of a video observation system of Kamchatka volcanoes. The estimates obtained corroborate the effectiveness of the proposed methods, enabling the non-informative imagery to be automatically filtered off while monitoring the volcanic activity.
Orbital angular momentum of an astigmatic Hermite-Gaussian beam
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute оf RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V. ,   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute оf RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Porfirev A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute оf RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: July 2018

An explicit formula for the normalized orbital angular momentum (OAM) of an elliptical Hermite-Gaussian (HG) beam of orders (0, n) focused by a cylindrical lens is obtained. In modulus, this OAM can be both greater and smaller than n. If the cylindrical lens focuses not an elliptical, but a conventional HG beam, the latter will also have an OAM that can be both larger and smaller in modulus than that of an elliptical HG beam. For n = 0, this beam converts to an astigmatic Gaussian beam, but, as before, it will still have OAM. With the help of two interferograms, a phase of the astigmatic Gaussian beam is reconstructed, which is then used to calculate the normalized OAM. The values of the OAM calculated by the theoretical formula and using a hybrid method combining modeling with experiment differ only by 6 %.
Spectral and angular dependence of the efficiency of a two-layer and single-relief sawtooth microstructure
Authors:   Penza State University of Architecture and Construction, Greisukh G. , Danilov V. ,   Scientific and Technological Center for Unique Instrumentation of RAS, Antonov A. ,   Penza State University of Architecture and Construction, Stepanov S. ,   Penza State University of Architecture and Construction, Usievich B. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute
Published: July 2018

Spectral and angular dependences of the diffraction efficiency of two-layer single-relief sawtooth microstructures are analyzed. The microstructures are assembled from optical plastics and new brands of special optical glass. This makes it easy to replicate elements with diffraction microrelief by precision casting or stamping. Wide possibilities of weakening the dependence of the diffraction efficiency of such microstructures on the wavelength and the angle of incidence of radiation on the element are demonstrated.
Self-mixing interferometry for distance measurement using a semiconductor laser with current-modulated wavelength
Authors:   Saratov State University, Usanov D. , Skripal A. ,   Saratov State University, Astakhov E. ,   Saratov State University, Kostuchenko I. ,   Saratov State University, Dobdin S. ,   Saratov State University
Published: July 2018

The capabilities of the method of current-modulated laser wavelength are shown to be extended by using harmonic modulation. Advantages of the sawtooth modulation method associated with using the frequency measurements of the interference signal as an information parameter have been researched. Advantages of the harmonic-type modulation based on the use of measurement results for spectral component amplitudes of the interference signal for distance determination have also been investigated. A comparative analysis of methods for absolute distance measurements at the existing capabilities of semiconductor laser wavelength modulation has demonstrated the benefits of the harmonic modulation of laser diode current for distances under 30 cm, showing the sawtooth current modulation to work better for distances greater than 50 cm.
An optical system of a sensor for measuring the meteorological optical range
Authors:   JSC ", Volkov O. ,   LOMO", Demin A. ,   St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, Konstantinov K. ,   JSC "LOMO"
Published: July 2018

Principles of constructing an optical sensor for measuring a meteorological visibility range are considered. A new relationship for the visibility range determination is obtained. An optical scheme of the meteorological visibility range sensor is described and characteristics of the new sensor are presented.
Bauman MSTU scientific school “Zoom lens design”: features of theory and practice
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Rozhkov O. , Piskunov D. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Nosov P. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Pavlov V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Khorokhorov A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Shirankov A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: July 2018

Key theoretical concepts advanced by the Bauman MSTU scientific school 'Zoom lens design' are discussed. These include methods for design of both classical and laser zoom lenses, systems with linear and nonlinear relations between the displacements of components, basics of professor I. I. Pakhomov's theory of generalized parameters, a method of paraxial synthesis of multicomponent zoom systems, a method of aberration synthesis of zoom systems in the approximation of the third- and fifth-order aberrations. The effectiveness of the described methods is illustrated by examples of designing zoom systems with superior optical characteristics.
Algebraic models and methods of computer image processing. Part 1. Multiplet models of multichannel images
Authors:   Ural State Forest Engineering University, Labunets V. , Kokh E. ,   Ural State Forest Engineering University, Ostheimer E. ,   Capricat LLC
Published: July 2018

We present a new theoretical framework for multichannel image processing using commutative hypercomplex algebras. Hypercomplex algebras generalize the algebras of complex numbers. The main goal of the work is to show that hypercomplex algebras can be used to solve problems of multichannel (color, multicolor, and hyperspectral) image processing in a natural and effective manner. In this work, we suppose that the animal brain operates with hypercomplex numbers when processing multichannel retinal images. In our approach, each multichannel pixel is considered not as an K–D vector, but as an K–D hypercomplex number, where K is the number of different optical channels. The aim of this part is to present algebraic models of subjective perceptual color, multicolor and multichannel spaces.
Metacognition increases the severity of depression through trait anxiety in a nonclinical population
Authors: Cichoń Ewelina , Kryciński Radosław , Florkowski Marcin , Szczepanowski Remigiusz
Published: July 2018

Previous studies show that maladaptive metacognitive beliefs may constitute the psychopathological core of anxiety and depression. Recent findings also indicate that anxiety exacerbates the severity of depression. We investigated the hypothesis that anxiety mediates the relationship between faulty metacognitive beliefs and depressive symptoms in normal subjects. Two hundred and eight normal participants completed the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We performed mediation analysis to explore the relationships between metacognition, depression, and trait anxiety as a mediator. Our study showed that positive beliefs about worry, negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger, low cognitive confidence, and negative beliefs about the need to control thoughts, and cognitive self-consciousness were mediated by the level of anxiety associated withthe severity of depression. Moreover, the mediation analysis indicated that only cognitive confidence beliefs directly influenced the intensity of depressive symptoms.
Polish adaptation of Carol Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales
Authors: Karaś Dominika , Cieciuch Jan
Published: July 2018

The Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWBS) is a questionnaire designed by Ryff (1989) to mea-sure six dimensions of eudaimonic well-being: self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth. Translated into several dozen languages, this questionnaire is a commonly used instrument for measuring well-being. The article presents the effects of work on the Polish adaptation of two versions of the PWBS: full (84-item) and short (18-item), conducted as a series of four studies with a total sample of 2,035 participants aged 13 to 78.The results confirmed the reliability of the full version of the PWBS and the six-factor structure of well-being. They also confirmed the criterion validity of the questionnaire, reflected in correlations with validation instruments.
Wyniki wstępnej walidacji polskiej wersji Skali Tolerancji Niejednoznaczności Wielorakich Typów Bodźców
Authors: Lachowska Bogusława , Ludwikowska Karolina
Published: July 2018

This paper presents the Polish version of the Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance Scale (MSTAT-II) developed by D. L. McLain: a short 13-item measure of an individual’s orientation, ranging from aversion to attraction, toward stimuli that are complex, unfamiliar, and insoluble. The aim of the study was to determine the validity and reliability of the scale. The participants in the study were 303 first-year students, aged 17 to 24: 234 women and 69 men. The authors chose this kind of sample because the significance of ambiguity tolerance should be particularly high in the case of the individual’s adaptation to the demands of a new and complex situation, such as the beginning of studies. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the hypothesized one-factor structure of the model of ambiguity tolerance. The study also revealed a moderate positive relationship between MSTAT-II/PL scores and scores on the Tolerance for Ambiguity Scale (TAS) by Herman and colleagues, measuring ambiguity tolerance; MSTAT-II/PL scores were positively related to extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, positive affect, and satisfaction with life, as well as negatively related to neuroticism and negative affect. The results obtained support the use of the Polish version of the Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance Scale as a reliable (Cronbach’s α = .85) and valid measure of ambiguity tolerance.
Mast Cells Stimulated with Peptidoglycan from Staphylococcus aureus Augment the Development of Th1 Cells
Authors: Matsui Katsuhiko , Kanai Saeko , Ikuta Manami , Horikawa Saki
Published: July 2018

Background: The skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is superficially colonized by Staphylococcus aureus. We have previously found that percutaneous permeation of peptidoglycan (PEG) from S. aureus increases the number of mast cells in the dermis, as seen in skin lesions of AD patients. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the influence of PEG on T helper type 1 (Th1)/ T helper type 2 (Th2) cell development mediated by mast cells. Methods: Mast cells were induced by long-term culture of murine spleen cells in medium supplemented with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- a. Ovalbumin (OVA) peptide-pulsed mast cells were incubated with naïve Th cells in the presence or absence of PEG. Five days later, Th cells in the culture were stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin, and Th1/Th2 cytokine production was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: It was confirmed that the mast cells we obtained had surface expression of I-Ad, worked as antigen-presenting cells, and induced Th1 cell and Th2 cell development. The stimulation of mast cells with PEG enhanced the development of Th1 cells but not that of Th2 cells. The increase of Th1 cell development stimulated by PEG was associated with an increase in the expression of Notch ligand Delta 1 in the mast cells. Furthermore, treatment of mast cells with the macrolide antibiotic josamycin suppressed Th1 cell development and this was correlated with a reduction of both Delta 1 expression and interleukin (IL)-12 production in mast cells. Conclusions: Colonization of S. aureus on the lesioned skin of AD patients contributes to not only an increase in the number of mast cells but also Th1 cell development mediated by mast cells in the dermis and subsequent induction of chronic inflammation, which is characterized by up-regulation of the Th1 cytokine, interferon (IFN)- g. Therefore, application of josamycin to the lesional skin of AD patients may provide relief from chronic inflammation mediated by mast cells.
Assessing the Physicochemical Stability of a Compounded Neonatal Trace Element Solution
Authors: Sanaee Forugh , Mysak Tania , Sanderson Laurine , Donaldson Theresa , Vakili Mohammad Reza , Lavasanifar Afsaneh
Published: July 2018

PURPOSE: Alberta Health Services (AHS) recommends the adoption of a new neonatal multi-trace element formulation containing zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, selenious acid and sodium iodide to be compounded internally in appropriate AHS pharmacies. The objective of this study was to assess the physicochemical stability of this formulation under commonly used storage conditions. METHOD:  Three batches of trace element solution were compounded by University of Alberta Hospital pharmacy staff using sterile compounding procedures. Appropriate amount of zinc sulfate (500 mg/mL), copper sulfate (40 mg/mL), selenious acid (4 mg/mL), sodium iodide (2 mg/mL) and sterile water for injection were mixed. Samples from each batch were divided in individual vials and syringes for each time point and kept protected from light either at room temperature (15–30°C) or fridge (2-8°C). Vial samples were also kept at room temperature for 12 h and then transferred to fridge. Vial samples were analyzed at time 0, 12 h, and 1, 3, 7, 9, 30, 60, 90 days for their physical appearance and pH, then centrifuged and assessed for the soluble zinc (atomic absorption), copper (atomic absorption), selenium (ICP-MS) and iodine (HPLC and ICP-MS) concentrations. Syringe samples were tested at time 0 and 12 h for element concentrations. RESULTS: Under all storage conditions, when stored in vials, samples’ appearance, pH and soluble zinc, copper and selenium concentrations stayed within the USP acceptable limits up to 90 days. Iodine concentration was within the permitted limits only up to 7 days. The USP recommended HPLC method of iodine analysis seemed inadequate for this preparation and needed modifications, through frequent washing of the column with KI (2 %) solution. Samples kept in syringes at room temperature, showed lower than permitted concentration of Zn at 12h in this study. CONCLUSION: The AHS neonatal multi-trace element formulation seem to be physio-chemically stable up to 7 days in all three storage conditions when kept in vials.  A decline in iodine concentration is seen after 7 days irrespective of storage conditions. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
Purchasing Over The Counter (OTC) Medicinal Products Containing Codeine - Easy Access, Advertising, Misuse and Perceptions of Medicinal Risk
Authors: Wells John SG , Bergin Michael , Van Hout Marie-Claire , McGuinness Pádraig , De Pleissisc Jaco , Rich Eileen , Dada Siphokazi , Wells Richard , Gooney Martina Ann
Published: July 2018

Purpose. Codeine containing medicines can carry a number of health risks associated with the increase in reported misuse and dependence, however they are still readily available over the counter (OTC) in many countries. The aim of this novel study was to report on the results of a survey of customers purchasing OTC codeine containing medicinal products at pharmacies in Ireland, South Africa and England; exploring use, sources of knowledge and perception of risks. Methods. The study design was an exploratory cross sectional survey. It involved a customer self-administered questionnaire at the point of purchase (n=1230).  Relationships between categorical variables were analysed using Pearson chi-square for bivariate analysis. Continuous scale variables were analysed using one way analysis of variance. Results. In Ireland 6% stated they purchased codeine containing products weekly, in South Africa 13% and in England 16%. In Ireland and England women are more likely to view codeine containing products as harmful. In England older adults are more likely to perceive codeine containing products as harmful. A higher proportion of customers in South Africa opposed restricting codeine containing products to prescription only when compared with people in Ireland and England. Conclusions. Codeine containing products are widely purchased and used in all three jurisdictions. Whilst the majority of customers appear to have some awareness and knowledge of risks, it does not materially impact on their purchasing behaviour with a substantial minority purchasing/using such products on a weekly basis. This regularity of purchase whilst indicative of the popularity of such products, may also be a potential indicator of misuse. Future research is needed in relation to cultural and gendered differences and targeted information giving and harm reduction initiatives for safe usage of these medicinal products.
Mathematical Model of Limestone Calcining in the Shaft Furnace
Authors: Shvydkii V , Kudelin S , Noskov V
Published: July 2018

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Study of Decarbonization Processes During Siderite Ore Roasting
Authors: Yur’ev B , Dudko V
Published: July 2018

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Logical-mathematical Evaluation Model of Blast-furnace Melting Operation
Authors: Spirin N , Onorin O , Gurin I , Lazic L , Istomin A
Published: July 2018

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Optimization of Technologies of Section Rolling By the Conditions of Saving Energy Resources using the Expert System
Authors: Lugovik A , Kudelin S , Inatovich Y , Bondin A
Published: July 2018

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The Comparison of Two Calculation Methods of Billets Heating in Furnaces with the Help of Zone and FVM Methods
Authors: Lisienko V , Malikov G , Titaev A
Published: July 2018

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Study of Combustion Properties for Cokes with Various Grain Size Composition
Authors: Matukhin V I , Zhuravlev S Ya , Khandoshka A V , Matukhina A V
Published: July 2018

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Specific Features of Thermal Systems of Induration Machines for Pellet Production from Iron-ore Concentrates of Different Types
Authors: Bragin V V , Solodukhin A A , Starodumov A V , Yaroshenko Yu G , De Jesus Silva C , Costa Oliveire Hahn G
Published: July 2018

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Palladium(II) Complexes of Monodentate Phosphine Ligands and Their Application as Catalyst in Suzuki-Miyaura C-C Coupling Reaction at Room Temperature
Authors: YILMAZ Mustafa Kemal , İNCE Simay
Published: July 2018

A series of palladium(II) complexes from monodentate
phosphine ligands (1a-4a) were
successfully prepared and characterized with 1H, 31P, 13C
NMR, and HRMS techniques. These pre-catalysts were applied for the Suzuki-Miyaura C-C coupling reaction of
phenylboronic acid with bromobenzene and the influence of the base and solvent on
the performance of the pre-catalysts was investigated. Sterically hindered and
electronically deactivated aryl bromides as well as activated ones gave the
corresponding coupling products in good to excellent yields at room
temperature.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS OF PRE-COLUMNAR DERIVATIZATION OF GLUTATHIONES RECOVERED BY 4-METHOXY-2-NITROPHENYLISOTHIOTOCIONATE FOR DETERMINATION BY METHOD OF HIGH-EFFECTIVE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Alexeeva K. A. , Pisarev D. I. , Novikov O. O. , Malyutina A. Yu.
Published: July 2018

Nowadays the pharmacological role of glutathione in the therapy of carcinogenesis, neurodegenerative and ocular diseases, heart diseases, the immune system and aging of the organism is being actively investigated. Therefore, for the development of pharmaceutical medical forms on its basis, it is necessary to create an optimal analytical base. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology for the analysis of glutathione recovered by pre-columnar derivatization of 4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl isothiocyanate. Materials and methods. Since glutathione does not have the necessary spectral characteristics for its direct analysis, a methodology for the determination of glutathione with the use of pre-columnar derivatization of 4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl-isothiocyanate by reversed-phase high-performance chromatography (RP HPLC) has been developed on that basis. Detection of the resulting derivative has been carried out by absorption in UV light using a diode array detector. Results and discussion. In the course of the experiment described, chromatograms of a glulathione derivative with 4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl isothiocyanate were obtained. This technique was also evaluated for the possibility of quantitative determination of glutathione. The sensitivity of the methods was 0.01% or 3.1*10-1 mol. The linear relationship between the analytical signal (peak area) and concentration was observed within the range of 0.01–0.08% and the correlation coefficient of 0.995. Conclusion. In the course of the studies, a methodology for the determination of glutathione has been developed with the use of pre-columnarderivatization of 4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl-isothiocyanate by RP HPLC. In this case, the derivative is formed with the retention time of 22.3 minutes and the absorption maximum of 398 nm. This method also allows estimating the quantitative content of the object under study.
CHEMICAL STUDY OF FLAVONS AND FLAVONOLS COMPOSITION IN PROPOLIS
Authors: Lupina E. V. , Pisarev D. I. , Novikov O. O. , Malyutina A. Yu. , Vasilev G. V. , Vasileva Yu. G.
Published: July 2018

The aim of the study. This article is dedicated to the comparative assessment of flavones and flavonols composition in various samples of propolis for providing the possibility of its standardization. Materials and methods. To carry out the research, 6 experimental samples of propolis were taken from different regions of Russia. Using those samples, we prepared the extracts with 80% ethanol according to traditional scheme of making tinctures in the ratio of 1:10. After that our extracts were filtered and used directly in the assessment. Chromatographic separation of spirit extracts of propolis was carried out on a liquid chromatograph of “Agilent Technologies 1200 Infinity”, USA. The detection was carried out on the basis of the diode array detector “Agilent 1200”. Results and discussion. Using the reversed-phase HPLC in gradient elution regime we managed to identify flavonols and flavones. It was found out that the composition of propolis has a stable composition of flavones and flavonols including quercetin, isoramnetin, 3,4’-dimethoxycempferol, ramnetin, penduletin, kaempferol, ramnocitrin, galangin, kaempherid, chrysin and methoxyhalangin. Among the identified components, the highest content is in flavonols, methoxyl derivatives ramnocitrin (22,0%), and kaempherid (12,0%); in flavones it is chrysin(16,0%). The specific gravity of each component within the specified group was calculated by the internal normalization method. It was established that about 84% of all flavonols are in kaempferol and its methoxyl derivatives. The composition of flavones and flavonols can vary depending on the sample. Hereby, kempferol was identified in all the studied samples, whereas some of the identified components were absent from separate propolis samples. Propolis standardization by method of high-performance liquid chromatography in respect of the content of flavonoids in terms of kaempferol as a stable, commercially most available component of propolis was suggested. With the use of absolute calibration, the quantitative content of kaempferol in propolis samples wasdetermined in the range of 0.0141-0.0159%. Conclusion. The results of the carried out experiments made it possible to recommend the quality assessment of propolis according to the content of kaempferol in the experimental samples.
Historique et aspect actuel de la sylviculture au Nigeria
Authors: Rosevear D.R. , Lancaster P.C.
Published: July 2018

Aucun résumé disponible en français.
Le Niangon en plantation serrée sous forêt dense en Côte-d'Ivoire
Authors: Martinot Lagarde P.
Published: July 2018

Aucun résumé disponible en français.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Team Games Tournament (TGT) di Kelas X SMAN 4 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Safniyeti Safniyeti , Abas Abas , Ruyani Aceng
Published: July 2018

Cooperative learning of Team Games Tournament (TGT) with numbered media card is one of teaching method that can be applied to biology. The objectives of this research were to describe the activities of teacher, activities of student student, and result student learning with apply cooperative learning model of Team Games Tournament (TGT). This was a classroom action research (CAR) with quantitative descriptive method and the subjects of this research were biology teachers and 34 students of SMAN 4 class XF Bengkulu city. The instrument used in this research was the observation and test sheets. Data collected were analyzed by calculating the average and specifies the range of values ​​for each criterion, while the test of data analyzed calculating the average value of the class and percentage of completeness classical learning. Results of data analysis observation of the teacher activity first cycle obtained to score of 34.5 with good criteria, then increased in the second cycle to 38 with good criteria. The activity of students in the first cycle obtained score of 34.5 with good criteria, then increased in the second cycle to 37 with good criteria. The student learning results the first cycle of 73.55% with incomplete criteria then increased in the second cycle to be 88.23% with complete criteria. This applied model of learning type TGT could upgrade the activities of teacher, activities of student, and the learning results of Biology students class XF SMAN 4 Bengkulu City.

 

Keywords : Cooperative Learning, Team Games Tournament (TGT); Result of learning, Student activity; Teacher activity
Pengembangan Majalah Biologi (Biomagz) Pada Materi Virus Sebagai Alternatif Sumber Belajar Mandiri Siswa Kelas X di MAN 1 Mataram
Authors: Dani Husnul  Dani Budiatman , Yahdi Yahdi , Ningrat Hadi Kusuma
Published: July 2018

This study aims to examine the quality of application of biology magazine as an alternative self-learning resource for 10th year students in MAN 1 Mataram on Virus Material. This is a research and development study using ADDIE model which consist of Analysis, Design, Development and Implementation as well as Evaluation. To assest the quality of Biology Magazine (BioMagz), This was determined by assessment sheets (questionnaire) covering components includes the material/ content feasibility, linguistic and presentation. This Biology Magazine (BioMagz) was applied to 15 students of the 10th year in MAN 1 Mataram. The result showed that there was a significant different in learning outcomes of students whom Biology Magazine (Biomagz) was applied compared to students whom was conventional resoursce applied. This was shown by assessments of content completeness which was excellent with scores 100%, and Media worthiness reached scores 96% which was excellent, while evaluation result of field trials was good with scores 77,5%. This study suggested that Biology Magazine (BioMagz) can be used as an alternative self-learning resource to learn virus material in school.
Determinasi Pola Konsumsi Minuman Keras pada Remaja di Pulau Lombok
Authors: HALID MUSPARLIN
Published: July 2018

This study aims to identify the determinants of alcohol consumption patterns (liquor) in adolescents in Lombok Island, the condition of alcohol abuse that is already at a very alarming level. This research used cross-sectional design with quantitative approach. Sample taken by purposive sampling in juvenile Junior High School (JHS) and Senior High School (SHS) in Lombok Island amounted to 1664 students. Data collected by using questionnaires distributed to respondents. The variables measured as follows: alcohol consumption patterns, gender, age, cigarette consumption pattern, parental education level, parental divorce status, peer influence, social media influence, sexual behavior, conflict with spouses and family conflicts. Data analysis was descriptive and Chi-square with significant level p <0.05 and Odds Ratio (OR) with Confidence Interval (CI) 95%. There was a significant relationship between alcohol consumption (liquor) > 3 liter/week pattern in adolescents in Lombok Island based on gender, age, cigarette consumption pattern, parental education level, parental divorce status, peer influence, social media, sexual behavior, conflict with spouse and conflict with family (p <0.05). This can be concluded that the causality of alcohol consumption patterns (liquor) in adolescents was determined by various factors derived from the environment and internal factors within the adolescent. Thus, it is necessary to do promotive and preventive efforts in minimizing alcohol abuse in adolescents.
Profil Anatomi Batang Kacang Komak (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) Lokal Pulau Lombok
Authors: Jayanti Ervina Titi
Published: July 2018

Hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) is a member of Fabaceae which has high economic potential but is still treated as an underutilized crop. Research on Lombok’s hyacinth bean focused on stem anatomical profile has never been conducted.  The aims of this research were to study stem anatomical profile of hyacinth bean in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Young and mature stem were collected using exploration method. Anatomical sample preparation was done using free hand section method, stained with safranin, and mounted in a glycerine liquid. Sample was visualized and documented using binocular microscope connected to the digital camera integrated with ScopeImage 9 software. Data were analyzed by a triangulation method.  The result showed that stem anatomical profile of hyacinth bean in Lombok by transversal section consists of one layer of an epidermal cell and unicellular glandular trichomes as it’s derivate. Parenchyma cell was found in the cortex, interfascicular region, and pith in shape of rounded, oval, up to polygonal and varied in size. Vascular tissue showed a unique structure and became the distinctive feature od hyacinth bean stem. There were 2 type of vascular bundles i.e big and small vascular bundles.  The large vascular bundles contain xylem and phloem and the small vascular bundles may or may not contain both xylem and phloem.
Hubungan Perilaku Seksual Remaja SMU Dengan Status Pernikahan Orang Tua di Kota Mataram Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Mukminah Mukminah , Ismail Djauhar , Wahab Abdul
Published: July 2018

The condition of family life whereby there is divorce or separation will either mentally or psychologically affect children in the family that becomes more obvious as the children grow up. Moreover, when there are other factors that support the behavior. To identify association between sexual behavior of senior high school teenagers and marital status of parents at Mataram Municipality Nusa. Data analysis used chi square (χ²) and logistic regression at confidence interval 95%. Result: Marital status of parents was significantly associated with sexual behavior of teenagers with p-value 0.0001 and PR 2.03 (CI 95% 1.65-2.50). The result of bivariate analysis showed significant association between variable of peers’ influence with p value 0.0001 and PR 2.40 (CI95% 1.90-3.04) and variable of mass media exposure with p-value 0.0001 and PR 3.92 (CI 95% 2.42-6.36) and sexual behavior of teenagers. The result of logistic regression analysis showed marital status of divorced parents had the probability of increasing sexual behavior of teenagers as much as 19% after being controlled by variables of peers’ influence and mass media exposure. Conclusion: Marital status of parents was associated with sexual behavior of teenagers. Teenagers whose parents were divorced had the probability for higher sexual behavior than those whose parents were not divorced.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Mata Kuliah IPA MI Berbasis Nilai Moral
Authors: Mahsul Alwan
Published: July 2018

Upaya peningkatan sensitivitas moral dalam pendidikan membutuhkan pengembangan model, metode, dan strategi pembelajaran inovatif. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai moral di dalam kegiatan pembelajaran adalah Model Pembelajaran kooperatif. Dalam model ini banyak-aspek-aspek moral yang dapat dikembangkan dalam proses pembelajaran, terlebih Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) merupakan mata kuliah yang memberikan banyak kesempatan untuk mengungkapkan nilai-nila, sehingga model pembelajaran koopertif ini dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan aspek-aspek moral yang direncanakan guru untuk ditumbuhkembangkan dalam kelas. Penggunaan pendekatan pengungkapan nilai-nilai dalam sains merupakan cara untuk membuat pengajaran sains lebih nyata dan lebih berarti, memberikan perhatian kepada sains, dan menolong para mahasiswa untuk mengintegrasikan fikiran, perasaan, serta tindakan mereka dalam perkembangannya menjadi orang dewasa.

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk: (1) Mengem-bangkan perangkat pembelajaran, (2) Mendeskripsikan kualitas perangkat pembelajaran, (3) Mendeskripsikan efektifitas penerapan perangkat pembelajaran. Perangkat pembelajaran yang dimaksud adalah perangkat pembelajaran berbasis nilai moral mata kuliah IPA MI I. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan, karena mengembangkan perangkat pembe-lajaran. Pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran dalam penelitian ini, mengikuti model pengembangan Kemp.. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah  statistik deskriptif.
Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran Dan Minat Menjadi Guru Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mata Kuliah Perencanaan Pembelajaran Biologi: Studi Eksperimen pada Jurusan Pendidikan IPA Biologi IAIN Mataram
Authors: Yusuf Yusuf
Published: July 2018

Penelitian eksperimen ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh strategi pembelajaran dan minat menjadi guru terhadap hasil belajar mata kuliah perencanaan pembelajaran biologi. Perlakukan stategi pembelajaran, yaitu strategi kontekstual sebagai perlakuan dan strategi konvensional sebagai pembanding pada kelompok mahasiswa memiliki minat tinggi menjadi guru dan kelompok mahasiswa memiliki minat rendah menjadi guru. Sampel diambil dengan teknik Multistage Random Sampling dari populasi mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan IPA Biologi Semester VI tahun pelajaran 2013/2014 sebagai perlakuan pada rancangan Treatment by Level. Data minat menjadi guru dikumpulkan dengan angket dan hasil belajar mahasiswa dengan teknik tes. Data hasil tes dianalisis dengan ANAVA dua jalur pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian (1) untuk strategi pembelajaran: nilai probabilitas uji  0.020 lebih kecil dari alpha, 0.05, tolak HO, kesimpulannya, terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar mata kuliah Perencanaan Pembelajaran Biologi antara mahasiswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran kontekstual dan mahasiswa yang diajar dengan strategi konvensional, dan (2) Pengaruh interaksi strategi pembelajaran dan minat  menjadi guru; nilai probabilitas uji = 0.004 lebih kecil dari alpha, 0.05, HO ditolak, kesimpulannya, terdapat pengaruh strategi pembelajaran dan minat  menjadi guru terhadap hasil belajar mata kuliah Perencanaan Pembelajaran Biologi mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan IPA Biologi Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah Institut Agama Islam Negeri Mataram.
Pengembangan Kartu Bergambar Sains Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Biologi Pokok Bahasan Sistem dalam Kehidupan Tumbuhan Kelas VIII MTS Darul Aman Selagalas Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016
Authors: Hasanah Jamiatul , Wahyudiati Dwi , Ningrat Hadi Kusuma
Published: July 2018

Jenis  penelitian  yang  digunakan  yaitu  penelitian  dan  pengembangan.  Dimana  tujuan penelitian dan pengembangan kartu bergambar sains ini digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran  biologi  pokok  bahasan sistem dalam kehidupan tumbuhan kelas  VIII Mts. Darul Aman Selagalas Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016, sedangkan untuk mengembangkan kartu bergambar sains sebagai media pembelajaran biologi ini digunakan Model Pengembangan Dick & Carrey, yang mencakup 10 langkah pengembangan. Dalam pengembangan ini tidak semua langkah pengembangan Dick & Carrey digunakan, tetapi hanya sampai langkah ke sembilan yaitu merevisi produk pengembangan. Pada tahap/langkah ke delapan pengembangan ini dilakukan evaluasi formatif (uji ahli isi,uji ahli media, uji ahli bahasa, uji kelompok kecil dan uji lapangan). (a) uji ahli isi dengan persentase hasil review sebesar 90% yang berarti produk pengembangan tidak direvisi; (b) uji ahli media dengan persentase hasil review sebesar 80% yang berarti produk pengembangan tidak perlu direvisi; (c) uji ahli bahasa dengan persentase hasil review sebesar 80% yang berarti produk pengembangan tidak direvisi; (d) uji kelompok kecil dengan persentase hasil penilaian/tanggapan sebesar 75,21% yang berarti produk pengembangan tidak perlu direvisi; dan (e) uji coba lapangan dengan persentase hasil penilaian/tanggapan sebesar 80,63% yang berarti produk pengembangan tidak perlu direvisi dan dinyatakan “Valid”.
Penerapan Metode Modeling The Way untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Belajar Siswa Pada Materi Ekosistem Kelas VII MTs. Negeri Jonggat Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016
Authors: Putri Lestari Wahyu , Fadli Adi , Ningrat Hadi Kusuma
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses penerapan metode modeling the way untuk meningkatkan kreativitas belajar siswa pada materi ekosistem kelas VII MTs. Negeri Jonggat Tahun Pelajaran 2015-2016. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah pedoman observasi keterlaksanaan RPP, pedoman dokumentasi, angket, dan pedoman wawancara. penelitian ini dilakukan di kelas VII A MTs. Negeri Jonggat dengan jumlah siswa 32 orang yang terdiri dari 17 orang perempuan dan 15 orang laki-laki. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menemukan bahwa dengan menerapkan metode modeling the way  dapat meningkatkan kreativitas belajar siswa dari pada pembelajaran yang mengguakan metode yang relatif monoton. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari hasil observasi aktivitas guru/  keterlaksanaan  RPP,  yang  setiap  siklus  mengalami  peningkatan  dimana pada siklus I persentase keterlaksanaan RPP mencapai 85%, siklus II dan siklus III mencapai 100%. Sedangkan pada hasil observasi angket kreativitas belajar siswasetiap siklus  mengalami  peningkatan,  pada  siklus  I  jumlah  kreativitas seluruh siswa 1182 dengan nilai rata-rata 36,9 dengan kategori kreativitas cukup, siklus II jumlah kreativitas seluruh siswa 1540 dengan nilai rata-rata 48,1 dengan kategori  kreativitas  baik,  dan  siklus  III jumlah  kreativitas  belajar siswa 1703 dengan nilai rata-rata 53,21 dengan kategori kreativitas sangat baik.