bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction and validation of a mindful eating scale: A first approximation in the Mexican population / Construcción y validación de una escala de alimentación con atención plena: Una primera aproximación en población mexicana
Authors: Olvera-Ruvalcaba Aida Joselyn , Gómez-Peresmitré Gilda , Velasco-Rojano Eduardo
Published: November 2021

AbstractWorldwide, mindful-eating (ME) research has gained high relevance on health psychology because of its relationship with psychological dysfunction and eating disorders. However, ME has been scarcely studied in Mexico. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a scale to assess this construct in its positive (ME) and negative connotation (mindless-eating), as well as to examine its psychometric properties in a Mexican population. After designed, the scale was completed by 527 undergraduate students (Mage = 20.8, SD = 2.0), the data with which the exploratory factor analysis yielded two factors that explained 59% of variance: Mindless eating (α = .84) and Emotional eating (α = .68). Subsequently, with 227 undergraduate students (Mage = 20.71 SD = 1.76), the confirmatory factor analysis yielded one-dimensional model with adequate fit indices (X2 = 10.15, p = .33; X2/df = 1.12; CFI = .99; TLI = .98; RMSEA y SRMR = .02) to assess mindless eating. This study represents a first approximation to ME assessment in Mexican population, so it is expected that future research can strengthen the results obtained here.ResumenEn el mundo, el estudio de la alimentación con atención plena (ACAP) ha cobrado gran relevancia en el área de la psicología de la salud, dada su relación con la disfunción psicológica y la patología alimentaria. No obstante, en México la ACAP ha sido escasamente investigada. Por tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar una escala dirigida a evaluar el constructo tanto en su sentido positivo (ACAP) como negativo (alimentación sin atención plena [ASAP]), así como examinar sus propiedades psicométricas en población mexicana. Tras diseñarla, la escala fue completada por 527 estudiantes universitarios (Medad = 20.8, DE = 2.0), datos con los que el análisis factorial exploratorio arrojó dos factores que explicaron 59% de la varianza: Alimentación sin consciencia (α = .84) y Alimentación emocional (α = .68). Posteriormente, en 227 estudiantes universitarios (Medad = 20.71 DE = 1.76), el análisis factorial confirmatorio arrojó un modelo unidimensional, con ajuste adecuado (X2 = 10.15, p = .33; X2/gl = 1.12; CFI = .99; TLI = .98; RMSEA y SRMR = .02), dirigido a evaluar la ASAP. Este estudio representa una primera aproximación a la medición del constructo ACAP en población mexicana, de modo que se espera que futuras investigaciones puedan robustecer los resultados aquí obtenidos.
Global Pandemic as a Result of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Outbreak: A Biomedical Perspective
Authors: Vairavan Charles Arvind Sethuraman , Rameshnathan Devarani , Suryadevara Nagaraja , Shanmugam Gnanendra
Published: November 2021

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus had emerged in Wuhan city, China that led to an outbreak resulting in a global pandemic, taking thousands of lives. The infectious virus was later classified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Individuals infected by this novel virus initially exhibit nonspecific symptoms such as dry cough, fever, dizziness and many more bodily complications. From the “public health emergency of international concern” declaration by the World Health Organisation (WHO), several countries have taken steps in controlling the transmission and many researchers share their knowledge on the SARS-COV-2 characteristics and viral life cycle, that may aid in pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical companies to develop SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and antiviral drugs that interfere with the viral life cycle. In this literature review the origin, classification, aetiology, life cycle, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis and treatment are all reviewed.
Production of Extracellular Enzymes, Antimicrobial and other Agriculturally Important Metabolites by Fungal Endophytes of Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B.Rob. a Medicinal Plant
Authors: Madasi Abhinesh , Ajmeera Aruna , Renuka Gudepu , Vemireddy Bhavani , Vanteru Krishna Reddy
Published: November 2021

The present paper deals with the endophytic fungi of Litsea glutinosa, a medicinal plant highly valued in Ayurvedic system. A total of 21 fungal endophytes were extracted from different parts of the plant. The following eight species viz, Aspergillus oryzae, A. terreus, Curvularia sp, Fusarium oxysporum, Gliocladium solani, Penicillium citrinum, Trichoderma viride and Verticillium dahliae were selected for testing the production of secondary metabolites including hydrolytic enzymes. All the eight endophytic fungal species produced amylase, cellulase, protease and lipase. Except for Curvularia species, others did not elaborate laccase. All the test fungi produced antibacterial and antifungal metabolites; however, the crude extracts exhibited poor antimicrobial activity. The present endophytic fungi also produced IAA, ammonia and phosphate solubilizing substances. They were also capable to produce IAA with or without adding the tryptophan. An affect was also made to assess the influence of crude extracts on the root growth of maize seedlings. These studies revealed the enhancement effect of extracts on root growth. Based on these observations, discussions and conclusions were made.
Production of Cocktail Enzymes by Three Cladosporium Isolates and Bioconversion of Orange Peel Wastes into Valuable Enzymes
Authors: Moharram Ahmad Mohamed , Zohri Abdel-Naser Ahmed , Hesham Abd El-Latif , Maher Mohamed Al-Ameen , Al-Bedak Osama Abdel-Hafeez Mohamed Shaban
Published: November 2021

The current research demonstrates the biotechnological economization of accumulated and inefficiently used agro-industrial orange peel wastes to generate amylase, endoglucanase, exoglucanase, pectinase, and xylanase, industrially essential enzymes with growing demands in enzyme markets, from three Cladosporium isolates. In submerged fermentation (SmF) at 10°C, the isolate AUMC 10865 produced the highest level of amylase (4164 IU/gram dry substrate). Endoglucanase, exoglucanase and xylanase had development peaks (923 IU/gds, 2280 IU/gds, and 1646 IU/gds, respectively in case of Cladosporium sp. AUMC 11366. Pectinase produced the most (7840 IU/gds) in the strain AUMC 11340. At 30°C, the strain AUMC 11340 secretes the most amylase (4120 IU/gds), endoglucanase (2700 IU/gds) and xylanase (3220 IU/gds). Exoglucanase development reached the peak (8750 IU/gds) in the isolate AUMC 10865. The overall production (5570 IU/gds) was instead enhanced by pectinase in the AUMC 11366 isolate. In solid-state fermentation (SSF) at 10°C, the isolate AUMC 10865 outperformed the other two isolates producing 640.0 IU/gds amylase, 763.3 IU/gds endoglucanase, 771.0 IU/gds exoglucanase, 1273.23 IU/gds pectinase and 1062.0 IU/gds xylanase, while the isolate AUMC 11366 produced the least amount of 399.7 IU/gds, 410.0 IU/gds, 413.3 IU/gds, 558.7 IU/gds, and 548.0 IU/gds, respectively. At 30°C, the isolate AUMC 11340 was superiorly producing higher levels of amylase (973.3 IU/gds), endoglucanase (746.0 IU/gds), exoglucanase (1052.0 IU/gds), pectinase (1685.3 IU/gds) and xylanase (1340.0 IU/gds), whereas isolate AUMC 10865 generated the least amounts of amylase (556.7 IU/gds) and exoglucanase (452.7 IU/gfs), and the isolate AUMC 11366 produced the least endoglucanase (256.3 IU/gds), pectinase (857.7 IU/gfs) and xylanase (436.3 IU/gds) amounts.
Characterization of N4-like Pseudomonas Phage vB_Pae-PA14 Isolated from Seawater Sampled in Thailand
Authors: Srichaisupakit Akkaraphol , Chopjitt Peechanika , Kerdsin Anusak
Published: November 2021

Bacteriophage, a predator virus of bacteria, is an abundant biological entity in the biosphere. With ultimate applications in medicine and biotechnology, new phages are extensively being isolated and characterized. The objective of the present study was to characterize lytic bacteriophage vB_Pae-PA14 infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 that was isolated from seawater in Thailand. vB_Pae-PA14 was subjected to whole genome phylogenetic analysis, host range test, biofilm test and characterization. Results showed that the phage belonged to a group of N4-like viruses, could infect P. aeruginosa isolates including carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa. The burst size of vB_Pae-PA14 was 86 plaque-forming unit/infected cells. Also, the phage showed a greater ability to control planktonic P. aeruginosa cells than the biofilm cells. Phage could withstand physical stresses especially the high salt concentration. In brief, lytic bacteriophage vB_Pae-PA14 infecting P. aeruginosa was isolated and characterized, which might be useful in further bacteriophage lytic applications.
Optimization and Characterization of Antimicrobial Agents Produced by Marine Aspergillus terreus She05 against Aeromonas hydrophila and other Applications
Authors: Abd El-latif Hala H. , Hassan Sahar W.M. , Beltagy Ehab A.
Published: November 2021

Seven morphologically distinct marine fungi were isolated from sediment and Seawater samples at different sites along Alexandria seashore. Antagonism effect against Aeromonas hydrophila on purpose and other pathogen was estimated. The most promising isolate giving the highest antibacterial activity (14 mm) against A. hydrophila was morphologically and genetically identified as Aspergillus terreus SHE05 and the corresponding sequence was recorded in the GenBank database with accession no. MW772239. Time course production of the antibacterial agents by A. terreus SHE05 against A. hydrophila was studied showing the highest productivity after 5 days incubation. Multi-factorial design in terms of Placket Burman design was implemented to predict the critical factors influencing the production of the antibacterial agents by A. terreus SHE05 against A. hydrophila. The obtained results showed that malt extract, pH and temperature were the key factors affecting the antimicrobial activity. Consequently, Box-Behnken design was applied to estimate the optimized levels of each independent variable showing that the optimized conditions were malt extract, 3 (g/l); peptone, 0.75 (g/l); salinity, 50%; pH, 4; culture age, 4 days; inoculum size, 0.5 ml; temperature 30°C and incubation time 5 days, which caused an increase in the antimicrobial activity to 25 mm, which denotes an approximately 1.8 fold increase comparing with the pre-optimized conditions. The potentiality of chloroform, hexane, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate for extraction of the active compounds was tested showing that ethyl acetate was the best. The extracted bioactive metabolites using ethyl acetate were tested as antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral and antioxidant agents. Results showed reasonable activities. GC-MS was used to recognize the active components in the ethyl acetate extract, showing that the major compound was the Dodecanamine, N,N-Dimethyl with RT 11.95, molecular weight 213, area % (55.46) and molecular formula C14H31N.
The Effect of Triclosan Adaptation on Antimicrobial Resistance among Clinical Escherichia coli Isolates from Egyptian Patients
Authors: El-Masry Eman A. , Taha Ahmed E. , Ajlan Soma E.
Published: November 2021

There is a possible link between exposure to Triclosan (TCS) and changes in antimicrobial susceptibility. The change in the tolerance of clinical Escherichia coli (n=45) isolates to the biocide TCS, changes in antibiotic resistance and differences in the efflux pump mechanism were analyzed. 45 E. coli isolates were obtained. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of TCS, and the expression of four efflux pump encoding genes in antibiotic-resistant isolates were determined before and after TCS adaptation. The number of TCS-tolerant isolates was 11 (24.4%). After adaptation, the percentage of tolerant isolates increased to 42.2% (n=19). A significant change (p<0.05) in antimicrobial resistance of the tested isolates (n=45) before and after TCS adaptation was detected for ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ertapenem, imipenem, amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and doxycycline. Among the new TCS tolerant isolates (n=8). there was an increase in TCS MIC as well as the MBC after TSC adaptation. The adapted isolates exhibited a significant increase in the expression of mdfA and norE genes (p=<0.001). There is a strong correlation between efflux pump gene overexpression and susceptibility to TCS and other antimicrobials.
A Prospective Study on Neonatal Sepsis in a Tertiary Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Sah Ranjit , Bhattarai Suraj , Basnet Srijana , Pokhrel Bharat Mani , Shah Niranjan Prasad , Sah Sanjit , Sah Ranjana , Dhama Kuldeep , Rijal Basista
Published: November 2021

About 20 % of neonates develop sepsis and among them approximately 1% die due to sepsis-related causes. Bacterial pathogens are the commonest cause of neonatal sepsis which is either early-onset (<72 hours of age) or late-onset (>72 hours). Little is known about the epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of sepsis causing bacterial pathogens in Nepal. A prospective study was carried out among neonates suspected to have sepsis and admitted to Tribhuwan University Teaching Hospital from January to December 2016. Clinical suspicion of sepsis was made based on clinical findings and laboratory parameters, later confirmed by isolation of organisms in blood culture. Drug resistance pattern of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were studied by standard methods. Meropenem resistant Gram-negative bacteria were processed for the detection of β-lactamases and resistant genes were detected by X-pert Carba-R (Cepheid) Assays. Of 372 neonates with clinically suspected sepsis, 132 (35.4%) had blood culture positivity, with 47% early-onset and 53% late-onset sepsis. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus (CONS) was the most common (37.9%) etiological agent followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.9%). Of all 132 isolates, 81 (61.3%) were Gram-positive of which 22 (27.2%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR), three (3.7%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and 14 (17.2%) were methicillin-resistant CoNS; and 50 (37.8%) were Gram-negative of which 26 (52%) were MDR and 29 (58%) were resistant to β-lactamases. The blaKPC gene was detected in four isolates of K. pneumoniae, two of E. coli, one ABC (Acinetobacter baumanii complex), and one Enterobacter aerogenes whereas blaNDM gene was detected in one isolate of K. pneumoniae, two of E. coli, two Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one Acinetobacter baumanii complex, and one Enterobacter aerogenes. Overall mortality due to sepsis-related causes was 7.6% (10 of 132). One-third of clinically suspected neonatal sepsis cases were culture positive. Late-onset sepsis was more common than early onset. CoNS was the predominant bacterial isolate followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, with high rates of multi-drug resistance.
Nanoparticles as Antimicrobial Agents and Drug Delivery Systems - A Review
Authors: Suluvoy Jagadish Kumar , Gomez P. Levin Anbu , Joel T. Jesse , Toppo Neha , Karthikeyan Dhanu P. , Shepherd Ritu
Published: November 2021

The world is facing major issues related to antibiotic resistance, specific drugs targeting and its side effects. Such obstacles can be rectified by nanotechnology as they have essential characteristics with smaller size, target specificity, easy deliverable with lesser side effects. The prime nature of the nanoparticles are, it can probe into the cell wall of the pathogenic microbes and even have the capacity to intrude into cellular pathways. Nanoparticles themselves are capable of destroying unwanted foreign particles or toxic cells, which enter into our bodies. Nanoparticles can be treated as carriers, in which they combine with specific drugs and deliver to target specific cells with lesser side effects. Nanoparticles are used as a drug delivery agent for various kinds of diseases related to cancer. Nanoparticles with drugs increase the antibiotic release at the different target sites and these nanoparticles have a great tendency to deliver a large number of drugs to a cell. In this current review, we discuss the bright future of NPs as drug delivery agents as it can overcome all conventional problems.
COVID-19 and the Challenges in World’s Largest Vaccination Drive in India
Authors: Yadav Archana
Published: November 2021

COVID-19’s second wave has placed India into a state of emergency. Since the beginning of April 2021, the country has seen an extraordinary influx of corona positive cases. Due to COVID-19, our country is in the midst of the world’s worst crisis. Many reports and articles about the lack of hospital beds, oxygen cylinders, ICU beds, ventilators, and other medical supplies were published (both print and electronic) in this second wave, exposing the flaws in our country’s healthcare system. On January 16, 2021, the Indian government launched the world’s largest vaccination effort, but we still have a long way to go in vaccinating our 1.4 billion people. India, after China, is the world’s second-most populous country, accounting for approximately 17.5 percent of the global population. This post aims to emphasize the issues that our country is currently facing, as well as possible solutions to combat this deadly illness.
Microbial Production of Value-added Products from Cashew Apples- an Economical Boost to Cashew Farmers
Authors: Kannan Vinoth , Rangarajan Vivek , Manjare Sampatrao D. , Pathak Pramod V.
Published: November 2021

Cashew farming-considered as one of the major profit-making agricultural businesses-requires renewed practices in processing its products and by-products for sustained growth. The current review highlights the commercial potential of cashew apples by proposing value-addition strategies through microbial fermentation routes that can help garnering additional profit to the growers. The immense potential of cashew apples and pulp wastes generated after juice-extraction in producing a range of products through the fermentation process such as bioethanol, hydrolytic enzymes, lactic acid, biosurfactants, wine and Feni (an alcoholic beverage) is discussed. Furthermore, a case on the existing Feni-making practices in Goa, India is reviewed, and the need for upgrades in the processing methods for waste mitigation is emphasized. Based on the literature survey and from the gathered knowledge on cashew industries through visits to various cashew farming sites, it is strongly emphasized that a radical improvement in cashew farming is possible only through the adoption of holistic approaches in the cultivation and proper utilization of wastes and its management of cashew apples. Also, Feni production, which is the mainstay of India’s current cashew processing industry, requires major up-gradation in processing methods to improve its quality, marketability, and export potential.
Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Sargassum tenerrimum in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice
Authors: Lindsey A. Philomena Joy , Issac Reya , Prabha M. Lakshmi , Renitta R. Emilin , Catherine Angeline , Samrot Antony V. , Abirami S. , Prakash P. , Dhiva S.
Published: November 2021

Diabetes mellitus has become the most predominant disease in most of the developing and developed countries. Diabetes could occur at any stage of life for which a change in sedentary life style is the possible solution. Despite the introduction of several medications, to curtail the side effects associated with diabetes mellitus, there is no medication or treatment for complete cure. Existing medications and treatments are targeted to mitigate the intensity of the disease which abruptly could result in organ failure. Rather than the available types of treatments, natural medication is reported to produce commendable results. Extracts of many medicinal plants and seaweeds have been documented to possess anti-diabetic properties. A brown alga, S. tenerrimum, found on the west coast of India, is chosen in this study to analyse the anti-diabetic property of its methanolic extract. This extract was used to treat streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. An experimental design was framed based on acute toxicity studies to determine the change in blood glucose level, body weight, lipid profile, liver enzymes (SGPT and SGOT) and the renal function markers (urea and creatinine). After 15 days of treatment, an increase in body weight and HDL cholesterol was observed while the total cholesterol, VLDL, LDL, serum triglyceride, SGOT, SGPT, creatinine and urea decreased with 250 mg/Kg.bw of S. tenerrimum methanolic extract in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice group. This difference is significant (p<0.05) when compared with a healthy non-diabetic mice group and a treated diabetic mice group. This proves that the methanolic extract of S. tenerrimum possess anti-diabetic property. Further research could explore the active compounds that can be used in the formulation of herbal medicine for diabetes mellitus.
Microbial Fuel Cells: An Alternate Approach for Bioelectricity Generation and Waste Management
Authors: Gurikar Chennappa , Vandana H.B. , Netravati B.P. , Kumari B.P. Chaitra , Gowda N.A. Nanje , Hanumantharaju K.N. , C Lokesh A
Published: November 2021

Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are the device that involves bacteria and organic matter, to generate electrical current via bacterial metabolism from a wide range of organic and inorganic substrates. MFCs are novel bioreactors, that convert chemical energy into electrochemical energy through bio-catalysis of various wastes (agriculture, food, households, food processing industries) using microorganisms. MFC is a promising approach that offers direct, clean, green energy generation, ease of waste recyclability, and by-product utilization of different sources. In recent, MFCs research advances related to electrode development and utilization of suitable different rural and urban wastes is a significant interest in the MFC application. Hence in a large-scale application, the MFC concept is one of the effective technologies for the management of different wastes and is simultaneously used for electricity generation to cater to the energy demand in rural or remote areas that are not linked to the electric grid. MFCs help reduce the global energy crisis and reduce the pressure on non-renewable energy resources.
Endophytic Bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa PM389 Subsists Host’s (Triticum aestivum) Immune Response for Gaining Entry Inside the Host
Authors: Gupta Garima , Das Abhijit , Jha Prameela , Jha Prabhat N.
Published: November 2021

The present study was designed to compare the defense response of the host plant towards endophytic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa PM389 and pathogenic bacteria Erwinia carotovora and to correlate the level of defense enzymes vis-a-vis bacterial colonization in the host. Wheat seedlings were treated with 107-108 cells ml-1 endophytic and pathogenic bacteria in the separate experimental set-up, and the level of plant defense enzyme was measured at various time intervals. Comparatively reduced level of most defense enzymes was produced in endophytic bacteria treated plants. While the endophytic bacterial population was almost constant after 24 HAI (hour after inoculation), the population of pathogenic bacteria kept fluctuating during the study period from 24 HAI. Unlike pathogenic bacteria, we observed attenuated defense response in challenged host plants towards endophytic bacteria, which helps endophytes establish inside plant. This study would be useful for understanding the mechanism of colonization and strategies of endophytes to fight against the host defense response.
A Comprehensive Analysis and Recommendations on Network Monitoring Tools
Authors: Islam Mohammad Shariful
Published: November 2021

Abstract: A high-performance network is a necessary component of any company's IT infrastructure. All operations, including internal and external communication across different corporate sites, as well as communication with clients and partners, should operate smoothly to enable smooth business activities. Failures and malfunctions in operational procedures can easily result in lost time and money. In order to maintain track of the availability, performance, and bandwidth utilization in an IT network, network monitoring software that continuously monitors operations in the network, does analysis, and warns IT workers as soon as an error happens or critical values are surpassed is highly recommended. If the administrator is not on site, network monitoring allows him or her to intervene swiftly, even if he or she is not there. Of course, each firm has unique requirements for a network monitoring solution, and with so many tools and solutions on the market, careful selection of an appropriate solution is essential. This paper discusses the different alternatives that a network solution can provide provided the appropriate criteria are taken into account during the decision-making process. Keywords: Network, Network Monitoring Tools, IT infrastructure, Open Source
Chemical Plant Utility – Nitrogen System Design
Authors: Parulekar Prasad J.
Published: November 2021

Abstract: The study is been conducted to understand the different techniques to separate nitrogen from atmospheric air. Separation of nitrogen takes place by following techniques: Cryogenic air separation, Pressure swing adsorption and Membrane separation technique. Cryogenic air separation operates at a very low temperature, which uses the principle of rectification to separate nitrogen at a very high purity (99.999%). Pressure swing adsorption rely on the fact that higher the pressure, more the gas is adsorbed which results in high purity (95-99.99%) of nitrogen. Membrane separation technology is the process that uses hollow fibre membranes to separate the constituent gases in air, which gives the purity in the range of 93%-99.5%. After the comparative study, it is understood that membrane separation technique is the most efficient technology based on the cost, purity, flexibility in terms of adjusting the purity, maintenance, availability; it operates without heating and therefore uses less energy than conventional thermal separation processes. Different step designs of membrane separation techniques are discussed. A Process Flow Diagram and Piping Instrumentation Diagram is been added for single step membrane separation technique. Keywords: Atmospheric air, nitrogen, Cryogenic air separation, Pressure swing adsorption, Membrane separation technique.
Extraction and Characterisation of Biodiesel and Glycerine from Waste Cooking Oil
Authors: Singh Priti
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Biodiesel is becoming the best substitute for the fuel and the best choice for the green environment without using any renewable resources. The major reason behind in the increase number of the production and research regarding the production of biofuel by waste cooking oil due to the increasing and high consumption use of the product and the depletion of natural resources while producing the biodiesel .it is a derived from various part including vegetable oil, animal fats and waste cooking oil. The paper states the characterization and the production of biodiesel and glycerin from waste cooking oil using two method that is transesterification and microemulsion. Many researchers are trying their best in finding out easy and best method that can be used for converting waste cooking oil in biofuel. Keyword: waste cooking oil, microemulsion, transesterification, surfactants.
Mathematical and Stochastic Growth Models
Authors: Pavankumari V.
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Many statistical and mathematical models of growth are developed in the literature and effectively applied to various conditions in the existent world that involve many research problems in the different fields of applied statistics. Nevertheless, still, there is an equally large number of conditions, which have not yet been mathematically or statistically modeled, due to the complex situations or formed models are mathematically or statistically inflexible. The present study is based on mathematical and stochastic growth models. The specification of both the growth models is depicted. A detailed study of newly modified growth models is mentioned. This research will give substantial information on growth models, such as proposed modified exponential growth models and their specifications clearly motioned which gives scope for future research.
Comparative Study of Operational Performance between Roundabout and Signalized Intersection Using Sidra Software: A Case Study of Addis Ababa City
Authors: Yimer Habtamu Mebratu
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Traffic signals and roundabouts controls are commonly used in several at-grade junctions in urban areas for maximizing traffic efficiency and safety by separating traffic movements in time. The intersection performance is measured by comparing the parameters like- capacity, degree of saturation, delay, queue length, fuel consumption, operating costs and emission, etc. This research paper provides a comparative study of operational performance between a roundabout and signalized intersection at Gergi-Imperial. The traffic data on all approach of the intersection were collected by video camera during the most congested days of the week. The traffic volume obtained in different classes of a vehicle was converted to uniform vehicle fleet by the passenger car equivalency factor. The geometric data for the selected intersections were measured manually. Data analysis and processing were performed using SIDRA (Signalized and Unsignalized intersection Design and Research Aid) intersection software to compare the traffic flow condition at the intersection. The performance measures such as Average delay, Degree of saturation and Level of service at each intersection were interpreted for comparison. The capacities of the signalized intersection were found to be higher than the capacities of roundabout. Signalized intersection was found to be better than the roundabout in terms of the degree of operational performance. Keywords: Average delay, Intersection Capacity, SIDRA Software, Level of Service (LOS), roundabout, Signalized Intersection, Degree of Saturation
Convolutional Neural Network for Image Recognition
Authors: I Ankith
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Recent developments in the field of machine learning have changed the way it operates for ever, especially with the rise of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). There is no doubt that these biologically inspired computational models are capable of performing far better than previous forms of artificial intelligence in common machine learning tasks as compared to their previous versions. There are several different forms of artificial neural networks (ANNs), but one of the most impressive is the convolutional neural network (CNN). CNN's have been extensively used for solving difficult pattern recognition tasks using images. With their simple yet precise architecture, they offer a simplified approach to getting started with ANNs. The goal of this paper is to provide a brief introduction to CNN. It discusses the latest papers and newly formed techniques in order to develop these absolutely brilliant models of image recognition. This introduction assumes that you already have a basic understanding of ANNs and machine learning. Keywords: Pattern recognition, artificial neural networks, machine learning, image analysing.
Comparison of Voltage Regulation of a Smart Load for 3 Bus System and 15 Bus System under High Penetration of Wind Energy System
Authors: Nakkela Sharmini
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Modern study about utilizing energy from renewable energy sources was stimulus due to emerging oil crisis in older days due to uncontrolled use of conventional energy sources. Renewable Power Generation from wind and solar energy has become a significant proportion for the overall power generation in the grid. High penetration of Renewable Power Generation (RPG’s) effectreliable operation of bulk power system due to fluctuation of frequency and voltage of the network. The main objectives of high penetration of Renewable Power Generations in distribution system are Regulation of voltage, Mitigating voltage fluctuations due to flickers and Frequency control. The design and control of voltage regulation system using smart loads (SL’s) under large penetration of renewable energy system in distribution level is to be studied with the help of FACT devices like Static Compensator (STATCOM) and It is one of the fast active devices with accurate voltage regulation capability and most importantly for the sensitive/critical loads. Electric spring (ES) is proposed as compelling technique for guideline of framework voltage under fluctuating RPG's with next to no guide of correspondence framework [1]. It is a converter-based framework with self-commutated switches in span design, which is associated with non-basic burdens in series to go about as savvy load. These Smart Loads are controlled to direct voltage across basic burdens and hence partaking popular side administration. Expanded entrance of RPG’s, basically factor speed wind energy transformation framework is having impact on voltage and power quality [1][2]. In this paper, A contextual analysis of impact of variable speed wind energy framework on voltage is completed and which is demonstrated with fluctuating breeze speed. Execution examination of keen burdens are to be contrasted and existing receptive power compensator burdens and Improvement in voltage profile on test feeder is directed on a 3 Bus system and 15 Bus system. Keywords: Renewable energy system (RES), Electric spring (ES), STATCOM, Voltage Flicker, Smart load
A Study on Impact of Sales Promotion and Offers on Customers of General Merchandise Products at Retail Stores in Hubli
Authors: Patil Gururaj
Published: November 2021

Abstract: A study on “The impact of sales promotion and offers on customers of general merchandise products” the main objective of the research to study the impact of sales promotions and offers on customers .Hubli being one of the fast growing cities of Karnataka has slowly started witnessing a change with respect to shopping. People here, are willing to have a shopping experience similar to metro cities. A study on the impact of sales promotions and offers on customers of general merchandise products at big bazaar at Hubli in order to understand the consumer’s attitude towards the sales promotions of specific company such as Big Bazaar and the basis on what it is expected by them. The report includes detailed study of the industry profile and about the organization. This study enhances the process of understanding the consumers through the survey conducted on them. This study is explorative in nature, including a survey and fact finding. Simple random sampling procedure was used to select the sample. Through this study an attempt has been made to understand the mind set of customers about big bazaar and accordingly the recommendations has been made with the help of findings & customer’s suggestions. The main objective of the study is to understand the attitude and perception of customers towards Big Bazaar. The data for the study is based on 100 samples, which is collected in the form of structured questionnaire. The study is confined only to the customers who shop at Hubli. Both primary and secondary data are used for the study. Primary data was collected with the help of structured questionnaire to extract necessary data from the respondents. Secondary data was collected from company websites. Questionnaire consists of dichotomous; ratings scale questions and open-ended questions. The collected data was analyze and interpreted by using statistical tools and graphical representation has been done. Keywords: Sales promotions, impulsive buying, types of promotions, organized retailing.
Performance Analysis of Diode Clamped Five-Level Inverter integrated PV Grid system using Soft computing based MPPT Scheme
Authors: Prasad M. Eswara
Published: November 2021

Abstract: This paper focuses on diode clamped five-level inverter for the application of PV system. Carrier based phase disposition method is adopted for control of inverter switches. The five-level diode clamped integrated to grid connected PV system is considered for the performance evaluation. The PI controller is adopted for the regulation of DC voltage. The Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) based MPPT scheme is used to track the maximum power from the PV panel. The performance indices including PV current, DC link voltage and %THD of diode clamped inverter based grid connected PV system is compared with conventional two-level Inverter. The proposed work is carried out in the environment of Matlab/Simulink. Keywords: Diode clamped five-level inverter, FLC MPPT, Two-level voltage source inverter, PWM, THD, PV, Grid.
Self-Optimizing Database Architecture
Authors: Desai Janvi
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Over the most recent decades, analysts and database service providers have fabricated devices to help DBAs (Database Administrators) in various parts of framework tuning and the actual design of the database. Most of this past work, regardless, is fragmented on the grounds that it expects people to come up with an official agreement or judgement about any modifications to the data in the database and fix issues after they happen rather than preventing such cases from taking place or adjusting to these changes automatically. What is required for a really "self-driving" database management system (DBMS) is another way of approaching this that is intended for independent activity and automatic decision making. This is different from prior endeavors since all angles of this framework are constrained by a coordinated arranging part that not just enhance the framework for the current responsibility, but in addition to this, it also predicts future responsibility that might take place and prepares itself for such not-so-common occurrences and adjusts to them as required while keeping the efficiency of the operations as close to normal as possible. With this, the DBMS can uphold all the past tuning procedures without requiring a human to decide the right way and proper opportunity to use them. It likewise empowers new advancements that are significant for current DBMSs (Database Management System), which are impractical today because of the fact that the intricacy of overseeing these frameworks has outperformed the abilities of human specialists who are supposed to tune them and make changes when required. Keywords: Database Management System, Database Administrator, Forecasting, Long Short-Term Memory, Recurrent Neural Networks
Predicting Malignant Cancer Using Machine Learning
Authors: Mukherjee Sudhanshu
Published: November 2021

Abstract: One of the primary concerns that is also a demanding issue within the realm of medical specialism is the detection and removal of tumours. Because visualisation approaches had the drawback of being adversarial, doctors relied heavily on MRI images to provide a superior result. Pre-processing, tumour segmentation, and tumour operations are the three stages in which tumour image processing takes place. Following the acquisition of the source image, the original image is converted to grayscale. Additionally, a noise removal filter and a median filter for quality development are provided, followed by an exploration stage that yields hits orgasmic identical images. Finally, the watershed algorithm is used to complete the segmentation. This proposed methodology is useful in automatically organising reports in a short amount of time, and exploration has resulted in the removal of many less tumour parameters. Keywords: MRI Imaging, Segmentation, Watershed Algorithm.
A Machine Learning-Based Approach for Antenna Design Using Class_Reg Algorithm Optimized Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Jambunathan Suriya Prakash
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Microstrip patch antennas are predominantly in use in mobile communication and healthcare. Their performances are even improved, using Split-Ring Resonator cells. But finding the ideal dimensions of the microstrip patch antenna and calculating the correct number and size of the split ring resonator cells consume a lot of time when we use Electromagnetic Simulation software to design first and then simulate. Using the pre-calculated results of certain sets of microstrip patch antennas with split ring resonators, a machine learning model can be trained and hence be used to predict the antenna metrics when the dimensions are specified. When the machine learning algorithms are combined with feature-optimization algorithms such as the Genetic Algorithm, the efficiency and performance can be improved further. Keywords: Machine Learning, Micro-strip Patch Antenna, Genetic algorithm, Split Ring Resonator.
A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY AND IN-VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF LEAVES EXTRACTS OF TRIDAX PROCUMBENS LINN
Authors: Suryawanshi Hemant P.
Published: November 2021

Tridax Procumbens Linn is a member of the Asteraceae family. Tridax Procumbens has to be utilized because native medication intended for a number of complaints and problems in humans and animals for thousands of years. It is used widely in Indian conventional remedies for healing of wounds, like anticoagulants, in fungal infection, in diarrhea and dysentery, as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulators. In folk medicine, certain communicable skin diseases are treated by using leaves extract. It's also known as 'Bhringraj,' an ayurvedic drug used to treat liver problems. At least 12,000 people have been separated from their families. These compounds protect plants from pathogens, insects, and herbivores by acting as defensive mechanisms. The aim of the test is to establish the antioxidant potential of the leaves of Tridax Procumbens. The current research is aimed at identifying novel plant directions, and antioxidant activity has been chosen for that reason. Using the maceration procedure, the power of the plant's shade dried leaves was extracted with chloroform water and ethanol. The antioxidant activities of the resulting extracts were evaluated using 2 techniques: nitric oxide scavenging activity and ferric chloride reductive ability. The alcoholic extract in 600 mg/ml and 800 mg/ml and 1000 mg/ml concentration has demonstrated antioxidant activity higher than ascorbic acid (20 mg) by nitric oxide scavenging method. By using a ferric chloride scavenging model, the aqueous and alcoholic extracts at 400 g/ml and 600 g/ml concentrations revealed antioxidant activity near to that of ascorbic acid (20 g).
FORMULATION, DEVELOPMENT AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF A BAMBUTEROL HYDROCHLORIDE IN-SITU GELLING SYSTEM FOR NASAL DELIVERY
Authors: Galankar Vipulata P.
Published: November 2021

The goal of this project was to design, develop, and in-vitro evaluation of an in-situ gelling system for nasal administration of Bambuterol hydrochloride. All of the batches were prepared using different concentration of pectin, given different doses of simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) i.e., 0.1 ml to 2.0 ml. All batches and formulation batches with a composition of 0.8 percent low methoxyl pectin underwent an in vitro gelation testing. The pH of the formulation reduced as the pectin content increased due to the acidic nature of pectin. The drug concentration was greater than 95%, and the apparent viscosity of the sol and gel was measured using a Brookfield viscometer (Rotational Viscometer Model). When the concentration of gelling polymer was increased from 0.5 to 1.0 percent, the gel strength (SOL) increased from 0.6 to 1 sec. The gel strength (GEL) increased from 0.7 to 13 seconds as a result of gelation. In vitro drug release experiments showed that the resulting formulations could release the medication for up to 10 hours when Higuchi kinetics were applied to all of them. The gels were stable across the six-month test period, according to the accelerated stability studies. There was no drug-polymer interaction, according to DSC and XRD analyses. Based on these findings, in situ nasal gel could be a possible drug delivery strategy for bambuterol hydrochloride, allowing it to bypass first-pass metabolism and hence improve bioavailability.
FORMULATION, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM TABLET
Authors: Pingale Prashant L.
Published: November 2021

Rosuvastatin belongs to the statin medication class, which is used to treat excessive cholesterol and prevent heart disease. The Biopharmaceutical Classification System classifies it as class II. The goal of this project is to create 10 mg Rosuvastatin instant release pills using several types of materials. To boost the drug's bioavailability, superdisintegrants were used to speed up the disintegration and dissolution of Rosuvastatin calcium. Cited research work aims to formulate an immediate release tablet of Rosuvastatin for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, hypolipoproteinemia, and atherosclerosis. The present work used a cost-effective wet granulation process to create an immediate release formulation of Rosuvastatin calcium. All of the batches were manufactured, and the granules were evaluated for pre-compression properties such as loss on drying, bulk density, tapped density, and compressibility index. Disintegration time and assay were determined to be within acceptable parameters, as were weight fluctuation, thickness, hardness, and friability of tablets. The effect of several superdisintegrants on in vitro dissolutions in 6.8 PH phosphate buffer was investigated. The final formulation was chosen based on the dissolving profile; dissolution studies revealed that formulations F2 and F4 released 80 percent of the medication within 15 minutes. Two different formulations of Rosuvastatin Calcium 5.199 and 10.398 mg employing immediate-release tablets were successfully generated using Crospovidone, Meglumine, and Comprecel 112D+®. The tablets showed complete drug release in 60 minutes and fair flow characteristics when compared to the innovators' product.
HERBAL COSMECEUTICALS - INTENSIFIES HEALTH AND BEAUTY OF THE SKIN
Authors: Borate Shilpa R.
Published: November 2021

Cosmetics with biologically active chemicals that claim to provide medical or drug-like advantages are referred to as cosmeceuticals. Cosmeceuticals are used to improve and nourish the appearance of the skin and treat various dermatological conditions. In recent days, a number of cosmeceutical products have been placed on the market with greater effectiveness. Moisturizers, sunscreens, pigment brighteners and other formulations have been revamped into makeshift forms with the addition of drug-like ingredients for better results. Although the effects may be small, these products still improve the feel and appearance of the skin with continued use over a period time; so there is a great opportunity to explore this avenue. This review aims to highlight current scenario of cosmeceutical industries and describes existing compound classes like retinoids, botanicals, hydroxy Acids used in cosmeceutical industries.
SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF SOME NEW BENZTHIAZOLE OXIME ETHER DERIVATIVES
Authors: Patil Sachin V
Published: November 2021

Some new oxime ether derivatives containing benzthiazole heterocyclic nuclei are synthesized. The reaction of 2-mercapto benzthiazole with α-halo ketones followed by reaction with hydroxylamine gave oxime derivatives which on reaction with alkyl halides viz. ethyl chloride, n-propyl chloride, and n-butyl chloride in absolute ethanol afforded the target compounds 4a-l. The structure of all the synthesized compounds was confirmed by spectroscopic methods like mass and NMR. All compounds after structural confirmation were tested for biological activities.