bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Structure of the Porcine Deltacoronavirus Main Protease Reveals a Conserved Target for the Design of Antivirals
Authors: Wang Fenghua , Chen Cheng , Wang Zefang , Han Xu , Shi Peidian , Zhou Kaixuan , Liu Xiaomei , Xiao Yunjie , Cai Yan , Huang Jinhai , Zhang Lei , Yang Haitao
Published: February 2022

The existing zoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs) and viral genetic variants are important microbiological pathogens that cause severe disease in humans and animals. Currently, no effective broad-spectrum antiviral drugs against existing and emerging CoVs are available. The CoV main protease (Mpro) plays an essential role in viral replication, making it an ideal target for drug development. However, the structure of the Deltacoronavirus Mpro is still unavailable. Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel CoV that belongs to the genus Deltacoronavirus and causes atrophic enteritis, severe diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration in pigs. Here, we determined the structure of PDCoV Mpro complexed with a Michael acceptor inhibitor. Structural comparison showed that the backbone of PDCoV Mpro is similar to those of alpha-, beta- and gamma-CoV Mpros. The substrate-binding pocket of Mpro is well conserved in the subfamily Coronavirinae. In addition, we also observed that Mpros from the same genus adopted a similar conformation. Furthermore, the structure of PDCoV Mpro in complex with a Michael acceptor inhibitor revealed the mechanism of its inhibition of PDCoV Mpro. Our results provide a basis for the development of broad-spectrum antivirals against PDCoV and other CoVs.
Genetic Characteristics and Pathogenicity of a Novel Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus with a Naturally Occurring Truncated ORF3 Gene
Authors: Zhang Yuan-Hang , Li Hong-Xuan , Chen Xi-Meng , Zhang Liu-Hui , Zhao You-Yi , Luo Ai-Fang , Yang Yu-Rong , Zheng Lan-Lan , Chen Hong-Ying
Published: February 2022

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is the major pathogen that causes diarrhea and high mortality in newborn piglets, with devastating impact on the pig industry. To further understand the molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of PEDV field strains, in this study the complete genomes of four PEDV variants (HN2021, CH-HNYY-2018, CH-SXWS-2018, and CH-HNKF-2016) obtained from immunized pig farms in central China between 2016 to 2021 were characterized and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis of the genome and S gene showed that the four strains identified in the present study had evolved into the subgroup G2a, but were distant from the vaccine strain CV777. Additionally, it was noteworthy that a new PEDV strain (named HN2021) belonging to the G2a PEDV subgroup was successfully isolated in vitro and it was further confirmed by RT-PCR that this isolate had a large natural deletion at 207–373 nt of the ORF3 gene, which has never been reported before. Particularly, in terms of pathogenicity evaluation, colostrum deprivation piglets challenged with PEDV HN2021 showed severe diarrhea and high mortality, confirming that PEDV HN2021 was a virulent strain. Hence, PEDV strain HN2021 of subgroup G2a presents a promising vaccine candidate for the control of recurring porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) in China. This study lays the foundation for better understanding of the genetic evolution and molecular pathogenesis of PEDV.
A Developed Method of Water Pollution Control Based on Environmental Capacity and Environmental Flow in Luanhe River Basin
Authors: Li Xiaoxuan , Li Chunhui , Wang Xuan , Liu Qiang , Yi Yujun , Zhang Xiaolan
Published: February 2022

To solve increasingly serious water pollution problems, it is necessary to systematically manage water resources, water environment, and water ecology as elements of a watershed. Comprehensive watershed water pollution control should regard the basin as a whole, respect the natural laws of the river and lake system, and focus on the protection and restoration of its natural ecological environment so that the comprehensive ecological service functions of rivers and lakes can be fully realized. Based on the concepts of environmental capacity (EC) and environmental flow (EF), this study established watershed water pollution control scheme prediction and evaluation methods to explore the changes in the water environment and water ecology in the basin under different water pollution control schemes. The MIKE11 model was used to construct a hydrologic and water quality model of the study area, the one-dimensional water quality model was used to calculate the water environmental capacity, and the Tennant method was used to evaluate the environmental flow. In this study, the method was applied to the Luanhe River Basin of Chengde, Hebei Province, China. It simulated the concentration changes of four pollutants—namely, NH3-N, COD, TN, and TP—under eight different water pollution control schemes, and the responses of EC and EF were compared and analyzed. Some conclusions are as follows: (1) Reducing point source pollution has the most obvious effect on water pollution prevention, especially on NH3-N and COD, while reducing nonpoint source pollution is weaker and the effect of increasing upstream water is the weakest. (2) The increase in up-stream water inflow and reducing point source pollution can greatly increase the EC of NH3-N and COD. The EC of TN can be greatly increased by reducing point source pollution, and the EC of TP can be greatly increased by reducing nonpoint source pollution. (3) The increase in upstream water inflow can improve the EF level to a certain extent. This method can also be applied to other similar river basins, providing valuable suggestions for rationally formulating water environmental management strategies and for promoting the sustainable development of the ecological environment and social economy in the river basin.
Assessing the Nexus on Local Perspective: A Quali-Quantitative Framework for Water-Energy-Food Security Evaluation in Neglected Territories
Authors: de Souza Rita de Cássia Santos , Turetta Ana Paula Dias , Bonatti Michelle , Sieber Stefan
Published: February 2022

There is limited focus on the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus approach at the local scale, particularly considering the social contexts of neglected territories. To contribute to this debate, we propose a framework to address this topic in an area in Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, as a case study. A survey was conducted regarding residents’ perceptions, choices, practices and access to water, energy, and food. The interviews highlighted important topics on the WEF nexus. As a result, a set of 12 indicators with data available on official datasets was proposed, reflecting residents’ perceptions of WEF safety. For each indicator, thresholds were established based mainly on the goals defined by Brazilian policies across different spheres—federal, state, or municipal. Thus, each indicator is multi-scale and integrative, since it comprises a local perspective (from the interview results), an official perspective (from the official databases), and a threshold. The results showed problems with energy and water supply, and the presence of home cropping, contrasting with residents who do not have access to basic food and experience extreme poverty. All these elements drew attention to the possibility of applying the WEF nexus approach, searching for feasible solutions which can support better decisions and governance in neglected territories.
Dissolved Methane in Coastal Waters of the Northeastern Black Sea
Authors: Izhitskaya Elena S. , Egorov Alexander V. , Izhitskiy Alexander S. , Möller Osmar O. , Zavialov Peter O.
Published: February 2022

As the largest methane reservoir in the world, the Black Sea is characterized by significant variability in its dissolved methane distribution patterns. Aerobic waters in the coastal regions are influenced by various factors governing the biogeochemical processes in the water column; however, their impact on the distribution pattern of dissolved methane is not always well studied, especially in the shallow areas of the northeastern Black Sea, which have hitherto not been thoroughly covered by observations. Here, we consider the measurements of methane content in several regions of the northeastern Black Sea carried out from 2013–2017 with large and detailed spatial coverage in order to identify the key factors determining the dissolved methane pattern in each region of the study area. The CH4 pattern in the region of Sochi is dominated by the impact of river flow. The increased methane saturation in surface waters of the southeastern Crimean shelf (up to 40 nM) is caused by the influence of the Azov Sea outflow. The waters of the Feodosia Bay and to the south of it are mainly characterized by an increase in methane content towards the bottom (up to 100 nM), which is associated with water–sediment interactions and gas emission from the bottom.
Glacial Melt in the Canadian Rockies and Potential Effects on Groundwater in the Plains Region
Authors: Rivera Alfonso , Calderhead Angus I.
Published: February 2022

The prevailing concern in the Western Canadian Plains is that glaciers from the eastern Canadian Rocky Mountains (CRM) are losing mass, thus affecting groundwater recharge in the Plains. The generally accepted hypothesis is that those glaciers are the geological source of groundwater for aquifers located in the Plains. The aquifers located in this region, close to the eastern part of the Rockies, represent a major source of water for the local population. It is believed that aquifer recharge originates as infiltration from snowmelt and ice in the Front Ranges of the eastern Rockies. A growing concern relates to the significant glacier melt estimated from glacier mass balances, which indicate that glaciers and ice fields have experienced considerable mass losses over the last 15 years, between 1 and 5 km3 per year, thus reducing recharge. However, deep groundwater flow under melting glacier conditions in mountainous regions is poorly understood. In this study, three 2D numerical hydrogeological models are built in order to simulate the groundwater flow under the glaciers from the Main and Front Ranges of the CRM and the Plains in the province of Alberta, Canada. Numerical results and a sensitivity analysis indicate that up to three different regional groundwater-flow systems are present in the region. These systems reveal the time- and space-scales associated with the combination of a mountainous region, foothills, Plains, and deep geological conditions. Based on the current knowledge of the hydrogeology of the study area and numerical modelling results, it is highly unlikely that the melting of glaciers affects groundwater in the Plains in the immediate future. The contribution of glacier water in the eastern part of the Rockies is time-dependent with delayed groundwater flows of 1000s of years in the Front ranges, 1000s to 100,000s of years in the foothills and Foreland; and 100,000s to millions of years to the Plains, at the regional scale.
Laboratory and Numerical Studies of Rainfall Infiltration into Residual Soil Slope Improved by Biomediated Soil Cover
Authors: Lee Min Lee , Koo Chai Hoon , Chong Siaw Yah , Chin Du Jia
Published: February 2022

The capillary barrier system is a widely researched method used to control rainfall infiltration into soil slopes for mitigating rainfall-induced landslides. Conventional capillary barrier systems, however, are subjected to several weaknesses, such as the inability of the upper fine layer to function effectively under intense or prolonged rainfall, and sliding failure or erosion may occur in the fine layer as a result of excessive lateral seepage. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using biomediated soil cover in a capillary barrier system to minimize rainfall infiltration into a residual soil slope. Firstly, the engineering properties of the original and biomediated residual soils were investigated. Secondly, an instrumented one-dimensional physical soil column was set up to investigate the infiltration behaviour of the tropical residual soil with and without biomediated soil cover. A numerical seepage model was simulated to compare the experimental and numerical results, as well as to verify the input parameters of the numerical simulation. Lastly, a two-dimensional slope model was simulated to investigate the effectiveness of the biomediated soil cover in minimizing infiltration under both intense (1-h, 4-h, 8-h, 24-h extreme rainfalls) and prolonged (72-h extreme rainfall) rainfall conditions. The results showed that the soil column with biomediated soil cover could effectively maintain the soil in an unsaturated state for a longer period of infiltration (i.e., 60 min) as compared with the original residual soil (i.e., 10 min only). The numerical simulation results agreed reasonably well with the experimental findings. The two-dimensional seepage analysis results indicated that the slopes with biomediated soil cover could reduce the infiltration of water into the underlying soil slope, and hence resulted in a shallower wetting front, particularly under short and intense extreme rainfall conditions.
Removal of Recalcitrant Compounds from Winery Wastewater by Electrochemical Oxidation
Authors: Baía Ana , Lopes Ana , Nunes Maria João , Ciríaco Lurdes , Pacheco Maria José , Fernandes Annabel
Published: February 2022

The electro-oxidation of recalcitrant compounds, phthalic acid, tyrosol, and catechin was studied in simulated and real winery wastewater samples using a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode. In the simulated samples, catechin, although presenting a higher removal rate than that of phthalic acid and tyrosol, attained lower combustion efficiency, indicating that this compound is readily converted into other products rather than being completely oxidized. On the other hand, phthalic acid was easily mineralized. Regarding the electro-oxidation assays performed with the spiked winery wastewater, recalcitrant compounds and overall organic load removal rates increased with applied current density (j), but the removal efficiency of recalcitrant compounds decreased with the increase in j, and the specific energy consumption was significantly raised. The increase in treatment time showed to be a feasible solution for the WW treatment at lower j. After 14 h treatment at 300 A m−2, phthalic acid, tyrosol, and catechin removals above 99.9% were achieved, with a chemical oxygen demand removal of 98.3%. Moreover, the biodegradability index was increased to 0.99, and toxicity towards Daphnia magna was reduced 1.3-fold, showing that the electro-oxidation process using a BDD anode is a feasible solution for the treatment of winery wastewaters, including phthalic acid, tyrosol, and catechin degradation.
Flood-Induced Disruption of an Inland Waterway Transportation System and Regional Economic Impacts
Authors: Welch Katherine , Lambert Lixia H. , Lambert Dayton M. , Kenkel Phil
Published: February 2022

Record flooding in Spring 2019 caused Oklahoma’s only inland navigable waterway to close. Closure disrupted the supply chains of agricultural and manufacturing industries. This research quantified the economic loss experienced by the region’s economy due to the disruption of waterway transportation services. We used a multi-regional input–output model to analyze impacts for the state’s congressional districts. The study found expected losses in employment of 63 to 750 jobs, $14.5 million to $165 million in output, and $5.7 million to $68.7 million in value-added to the economy, depending on the expected duration of closure and on assumptions regarding the sourcing of intermediate goods and services. Economic impacts were disproportionately experienced in different congressional districts and across economic sectors, depending on how tightly integrated those districts were to the manufacturing or agricultural sectors.
Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 and the Support Provided to Youth Leaving Care in India
Authors: Modi Kiran , Kalra Gurneet Kaur
Published: February 2022

Widely across the globe, COVID-19 has placed massive strain on various parameters of life, including child protection, health, education and economic systems. Apart from these visible threats, this situation is having an ongoing devastating impact on the mental health and psychological wellbeing of people. Most young people leaving child care institutions (CCIs) on turning 18 are generally not prepared to leave care, but the transition has become even more difficult and worrisome during the pandemic. During the lockdown, most of these young people were stuck in their CCIs, and their rehabilitation plans—if they were made—could not be implemented, even though there were several mandates around Aftercare, as prescribed in The Juvenile Justice Act, 2015. The Care Leavers faced difficulties in various life domains, including a lack of access to higher education, the loss of jobs, economic disruptions, and social isolation, along with an overall impact on their mental health and physical health as an aftermath of COVID-19. Based on these issues and years of experience as practitioners, Udayan Care—an NGO in India—started a programme named the Aftercare Outreach Program (AOP), supporting Aftercare youth (Care Leavers) in their transition process in order to make them job-ready. This is an exploratory study designed to collect and analyse the data collected from the Care Leavers supported by the Aftercare Outreach Program (AOP), which included 54 Care Leavers from two places enrolled in it, i.e., 42 Care Leavers from Delhi and 12 from Vadodara. The findings of the study clearly indicate that planned and supported transition like AOP intervention can make a difference in the lives of Care Leavers, and can help them towards independent living, even more so in unprecedented times like COVID-19.
Innovative approaches to the promotion of hotel services
Authors:   Russian state University of physical culture, sport, youth and tourism (GTSOLIFK), Belomestnova Margarita Evgen’evna , Sharikov Valentin Ivanovich ,   Russian state University of physical culture, sport, youth and tourism (GTSOLIFK)
Published: February 2022

Modern approaches to the promotion of hotel services are considered. The article describes the complex of marketing communications using digital technologies and digital tools for promoting hotel services. The features of the use of digital marketing tools for hotel enterprises are analyzed. A number of trends in the development of the tourism and hospitality market in the post-pandemic period are investigated and their influence on the choice of channels for promoting hotel services, on the formation of new methods and means of promotion in the hotel business is shown.
Directions of cooperation between educational institutions and hotels in the field of personnel recruitment
Authors:   State Autonomous Educational Institution ", Musienko M. D. ,   Moscow State University of Sport and Tourism", Kramarova T. Yu. ,   Hotel and Restaurant Business Moscow State University of Sports and Tourism, ,State Autonomous Educational Institution "Moscow State University of Sport and Tourism"
Published: February 2022

The article presents the features of personnel recruitment for the hotel industry, as well as the participation of educational institutions in this process in order to further jointly benefit from cooperation. Modern sources and methods of personnel search are highlighted, as well as problems with finding qualified employees and ways to solve them through the arrangement of the practice of students of higher educational institutions in hotels.
Practice-oriented training in the direction of education 43.03.03 «Hotel business»
Authors:   Hotel and Restaurant Business Moscow State University of Sports and Tourism State Autonomous Educational Institution ", Kramarova T. Yu. ,   Moscow State University of Sport and Tourism", Uspenskaya M. E. ,   Hotel and Restaurant Business. Moscow State University of Sports and Tourism State Autonomous Educational Institution "Moscow State University of Sport and Tourism"
Published: February 2022

The current stage of development of the hospitality industry dictates the need to find the most ef-fective ways of educating personnel, including on the base of universities. This article proposes a model of practice-oriented training using the technology of educational and research design in the direction of education 43.03.03 Hotel business.
Examining Tripleurospermum inodorum (Scentless Mayweed) (Asteraceae) inland
Authors: Wilcox Michael
Published: February 2022

A recently-published paper on Tripleurospermum (Asteraceae) gave the impetus to examine a small population of this genus on waste ground in Bradford (v.c.63). A few of the plants appeared to be T. inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip. (Scentless Mayweed) but the others had features of both this species and T. maritimum (L.) W.D.J. Koch (Sea Mayweed), suggesting the hybrid T. inodorum x T. maritimum. This supports the occurrence of the hybrid at inland sites, where any backcrossing and further introgression would mainly be with T. inodorum. In addition, the presence of pure T. maritimum at inland localities cannot be ruled out (perhaps as a halophyte). Such findings reinforce the importance of careful examination of both inland and coastal populations.
A case of Cheilognathopalatoschisis in a simmental breed calf: A rare case
Authors: DURMUŞ Ali Said , POLAT Eren
Published: February 2022

The subject of this study was a 7-day-old female Simmental calf brought to Firat University Veterinary Faculty Animal Hospital Surgery Clinic with the complaint of cleft in the upper lip and palate. In the clinical examination, it was determined that the calf had respiratory difficulties and the nostrils were not formed normally. The calf was diagnosed with cheilognathopalatoschisis. Palatoplasty and reconstructive surgery were performed on the calf for the treatment of the rarely encountered case. The mucosa of the cleft hard palate was freed by dissecting from the os palatinum on both sides. Then, the hard palate was repaired by suturing the mucosal edges mutually. Palatal and alveolar clefts were repaired using Veau's technique. During the post-operative interview with the patient's owner, it was learned that the calf had difficulty in swallowing during feeding. It was determined that the calf died on the 8th postoperative day due to aspiration pneumonia that developed due to the absence of probable swallowing reflex.
Adapting Ripple Effect Mapping to a Virtual Survey Format
Authors: Greene Matthew , Stroope Jessica , Holston Denise
Published: February 2022

Community development projects continue despite the COVID-19 pandemic. Participatory evaluation of these projects is crucial. Ripple effect mapping (REM) is a participatory approach to evaluation that captures coalition and community member perspectives on program outcomes and impacts. In response to COVID-19, the Louisiana State University AgCenter Healthy Communities Initiative adapted REM for online delivery. The REM evaluation was found to be an effective way for community coalitions to reflect on outcomes and impacts and to motivate continued engagement.
The Impact of Exercise on Fatigue among Patients Undergoing Adjuvant Radiation Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Halemani Kurvatteppa , Issac Alwin , Mishra Prabhakar , Mathias Edlin
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Cancer is a leading cause of death among all age groups. Globally, cancer patients undergo one or more treatment modules, which often bring about fatigue, depression, anxiety, and muscle weakness. Therefore, this systemic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate randomized control trials (RCTs) on this subject. Method: We conducted a systemic search of studies published in PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, ClinicalKey, Cochrane Library, and Google scholar, in English language between 2005-2020. Two authors independently appraised the selected RCTs for evaluating the effectiveness of physical exercise on fatigue among patients undergoing adjuvant radiation therapy (RT). This systemic review and meta-analysis was conducted based on the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool, using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: A total of 1440 participants from 12 trials were involved in the systemic review, 6 trials comprised 718 participants picked for meta-analysis. Physical exercise was found an effective intervention for reducing general fatigue and physical fatigue and some other variables (e.g. anxiety, depression, pain, quality of life, and sleep pattern) among patients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy in the treatment group as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Physical exercise is an effective intervention on multidimensional fatigue among patients undergoing adjuvant RT. The studies are registered with PROSPERO and available in online.
Assessment of Activities of Daily Living in Post-cardiac Care Unit Using Barthel and Katz Indexes: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: khalandi Farzane , Yoldashkhan Mehryar , Bana Derakhshan Homayoon , Nasiri Malihe
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Activities of daily living (ADL) refer to the ability to perform the essential self-care activities that are necessary to have a life without dependency. Development of chronic diseases such as heart disease, as age progresses, can affect ADL. Facilitating the return of patients to the ADL and determining the level of care is one of the responsibilities of nurses. Therefore, using Barthel and Katz indexes, this study aimed to assess ADL dependency after discharge from cardiac care unit (CCU). Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 180 patients were selected by the available sampling method. Data were analyzed before and after admission to the CCU using SPSS software version 13. Results: The mean score of the Barthel and Katz indexes, before admission to the CCU, was 92.96 and 5.37, respectively, which changed to 82.85 and 4.57 post-cardiac care unit (P-CCU). Accordingly, ADL dependency increased after discharge from CCU. Conclusion: After discharge from the CCU (in P-CCU), patients do not return to the same level of activities before hospitalization, and the functional status and ability of patients to perform daily activities decrease.
The Effect of Endotracheal Suctioning Using the Four-handed Care on Physiological Criteria and Behavioral Responses of the Preterm Infants: Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial
Authors: Sadeghi Niaraki Somayeh , Pouraboli Batool , Safaiee Fakhr Aida , Mirlashari Jila , Ranjbar Hadi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Endotracheal suctioning is one of the procedures that can cause pain and stress for infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Pain and stress can be manifested with physiological and behavioral responses. This study is a crossover randomized clinical trial design that aimed to investigate the effect of endotracheal suctioning, using four-handed care on the physiological criteria and behavioral responses of preterm infants. Methods: In this study, 40 infants were randomly divided into two groups of 20, one group was first suctioned by the routine method (two hands) and then with the four-handed method. The other group was first suctioned by the four-handed method and then with the routine one. The ALPS-Neo (Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital Pain Scale Neonates) was used to evaluate pain and stress in infants. One camera recorded facial expressions and body movements, and physiological data were recorded from the monitor simultaneously. Results: Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed no statistically significant difference in changes in arterial saturation, heart rate and behavioral response scores between the two methods, but there was a significant difference in the mean heart rate of infants during and two minutes after suctioning in four-handed method using independent t test. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13. Conclusion: Four-handed suctioning method can prevent an increase in the heart rate during and two minutes after suctioning, but it does not seem to affect behavioral responses and oxygen saturation of the infants. Since one of the symptoms of pain and stress in infants is the change of vital signs, especially the heart rate, we recommend four-handed method for suctioning of endotracheal tube.
Philosophy of Yoga in Ancient Tamil Literature
Authors: K Sarweshwaran
Published: February 2022

Philosophy also holds a unique place in ancient Tamil literature. Thus, this study is carried out under the title of Yoga Philosophy in Tamil Literatures - Ancient Tamil Literature in Multiple Perspectives. Yoga is intended in a variety of senses. It is generally stated in most literatures that yoga is the union with the Lord. Some philosophers argue that separation from the world is yoga. However, the proper benefits of yoga, which are the common elements of yoga, such as Iyam, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama, Pratiyakaram, Dharana, Meditation, and Samadhi, can be obtained through proper practice of Avattanga Yogas. Thoughts on these are taken up more and more by the ancient Tamil literatures. Concepts of yoga can be found in many other ancient Tamil literatures such as Purananuru, Paripadal and Thirumurukaaruppadai. This review sets out to make that clear. The purpose of this study is to reveal the existence of ideas about the philosophy of yoga in the ancient Tamil literature in parallel with the Northern language literatures. Sources for this study include the primary texts such as Purananuru, Paripadal, Thirumurukaaruppadi, Tolkappiyam, Thirukkural, Indian Philosophical Repository - III, Hindu Philosophy, Sangam Literary Philosophy, 108 Upanishads, Indus Valley Civilization and Tamil, and Silappathikaram Kunrakkuravai.
İtriyum Katkılı Gadolinyum Oksit Numunelerinin Sentez ve Karakterizasyonu
Authors: ATEŞ Tankut , AKSOĞAN KORKMAZ Aydan , BULUT Niyazi , KESER Serhat , KAYGILI Omer
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışmada, yaş kimyasal sentez ile üretilen katkısız ve itriyum (Y) katkılı gadolinyum oksit (Gd2O3) yapıların karakterizasyonu hakkında detaylı bilgi sunuldu. Numunelerin karakterizasyonu için, X-ışını kırınımı analizi, Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi ve taramalı elektron mikroskopi tekniği kullanıldı. Örgü parametresinin, kristal büyüklüğünün ve kristalleşme derecesinin Y miktarıyla değişim gösterdiği gözlendi. Numunelerin kristal büyüklükleri, 31,17 nm ile 35,49 nm aralığında hesaplandı. Numunelerin kristalleşme değerleri, % 88,6 ile % 90,2 aralığında bulunmuştur. Gd2O3’ün morfolojisinin Y miktarından etkilendiği belirlendi.
Abrupt Conversion of Face-to-Face Courses to Online
Authors: Ardalan Ali , Ardalan Roya K. , Rhiel G. Steven
Published: February 2022

In special circumstances such as the one presented by the coronavirus universities must convert their face-to-face courses to online. This conversion is challenging for all universities, but extremely challenging for universities that offer all their courses face-to-face. This paper presents the major activities that a quick conversion from face-to-face courses to online courses should consider. This paper shows that higher education institutions can acquire the basic technology and be quickly trained to convert their face-to-face courses to online while trying to achieve the quality that is in line with the quality level defined in their organization’s strategy.
Animali maravigliosi Orientalismo e animali esotici a Firenze in epoca tardogotica e rinascimentale: conoscenza, immaginario, simbologia
Authors:   Patricia Lurati, Patricia Lurati ,   - (https://orcid.org/my-orcid?orcid=0000-0002-4031-7657)
Published: February 2022

The research analyses the knowledge, the presence and the depiction of exotic animals in Florence from the late 14th century to 1492, year of Lorenzo de' Medici's death and of the discovery of the Americas. This well-documented interdisciplinary research sheds new light on a topic mainly neglected.
La gratuità si paga. Le metamorfosi nascoste del lavoro
Authors: Spartaco Greppi
Published: February 2022

From riders to interns, from freelancers to part-time workers: employment today is increasingly flexible and precarious. With the tools of social inquiry, the authors present a critical picture of the phenomenon of the so-called "free work" in Switzerland, that is a job rendered in the absence of corresponding remuneration.
Diseño y aplicación de impermeabilizante a base de mucilago de nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica)
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Huichapan, RODRÍGUEZ-URIBE Juan Carlos , SERRANO-ARELLANO Juan , VELAZQUEZ-LUCHO Karla María
Published: February 2022

Based on the impact of climate changes such as heavy rains, our concern in this scenario arises, since we propose an alternative solution for the roofs of houses which are very vulnerable to direct interaction with water caused by strong rains that causes serious and progressive damage, there is a history of traditional mortars of natural organic origin, whose use implies efficient results in sustainability, technical and economic aspects, presenting itself as a better option for the user, therefore, our The approach to designing a mortar based on nopal mucilage is essential, so that with its application it contributes to the achievement of a longer useful life of the roofs that make up the homes. In this case, the design of the experimental study will be carried out, for which from the extraction of the nopal slime (mucilage) and its characterization in various dosages together with other materials to determine the best performance of the dosage for waterproofing. Once the experimental campaign is established, the construction of test tubes where the waterproofing is applied is carried out and with this a monitoring of the water seepage in the structural element is carried out.
Prototipo de modulo para saneamiento de aguas servidas para reutilizarlas en edificaciones sustentables
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Huichapan, PINEDA-PRADO Daniel Alejandro , MARMOLEJO-QUINTANAR Jaqueline
Published: February 2022

The lack of water in the sectors is synonymous with poverty, health problems, social disorders and conflicts between inhabitants, which can be summarized in what is commonly defined as a low quality of life, since human beings have basic needs that must be satisfied to subsist and fulfill their daily tasks. The capture process in natural sources for the populations that demand it and the distribution networks, is limited in terms of capacity and years of service due to its characteristics that were defined at the time of its design and construction. The increase in the population, the deterioration of the materials and the misuse of the facilities, frequently provoke the modification or implementation of new distribution networks, in communities in which the drinking water service has become precarious. The uses of drinking water are constantly converted into sewage, which makes us reflect on the impact that this generates on the environment, the economy and health, that is why it is desired to implement the treatment of sewage in the place, with treatment processes of traditional, conventional, alternative and natural systems. Goals - Design a reactor module for the treatment of sewage in situ, merging and adapting alternative systems in a simple, practical, economical, small-scale, low-energy consumption and accessible way. - Calculate the initial flow rate and the dimensions of each of its parts, anticipating a volume gap in its capacity of admission. - Have the place to implement the constructive proposal of the module. - Use natural and regional filters to benefit the family economy. - Build an accessible and functional treatment module that complies with current regulations.
INDIGO Impact Bond Insights
Authors:   Government Outcomes Lab, Blavatnik School of Government, Outes Velarde Juliana , Hameed Khan Tanyah , Airoldi Mara , Carter Eleanor , Gibson Michael , Macdonald James Ruairi
Published: February 2022

This report is part of the Government Outcomes Lab (GO Lab)-supported International Network for Data on Impact and Government Outcomes (INDIGO). The report aims to reflect the key statistics of the Impact Bond Dataset. We acknowledge that our data may be inaccurate, incomplete, inconsistent, and/ or not current for various reasons: INDIGO is a collaborative and iterative initiative that mostly relies on projects all over the world volunteering to share their data. In case of missing, incorrect or inaccurate data, please get in touch with us and our team will immediately rectify our dataset.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Fiqih di Sekolah dan Madrasa Bagi Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Aseri Muhsin
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini mengkaji tentang pentingnya guru Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) dalam mengelola pembelajaran di kelas, khususnya pembelajaran fiqih di sekolah dan madrasah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan. Metode studi kepustakaan adalah metode pengumpulan beberapa data yang diperoleh melalui catatan, karya, atau gambar. Dengan demikian, pembahasan atau data yang diperoleh merupakan hasil eksplorasi dari beberapa sumber bacaan yang relevan. Hal ini merupakan upaya, tindakan, dan metode yang dilakukan oleh guru PAI dalam mewujudkan pembelajaran fiqih yang dinamis dan menarik. Pengelolaan pembelajaran fiqih sangatlah penting. Sehingga tidak terjadi kesalahan dalam memahami materi fikih yang sarat akan pemikiran ulama/ahli, pandangan mazhab, dan tata cara ibadah yang baik dan benar. Oleh karena itu, pendekatan pembelajaran fiqih di sekolah dan madrasah perlu hadir dengan menggunakan pendekatan kontekstual yang berkaitan dengan konteks kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satu cara untuk mewujudkannya adalah dengan menggunakan berbagai metode, seperti metode ceramah, metode tanya jawab, metode dasar, metode resitasi, dan metode drill. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pengelolaan pembelajaran fikih di sekolah dan madrasah terdiri dari perencanaan pembelajaran, pelaksanaan pembelajaran, dan evaluasi pembelajaran.
Description of Drug Information Services for Hypertension Patients at Drugstore of Abifayrus Clinic FDC (Family Doctor Clinic) Makassar
Authors: Megawati Megawati , Priska Geby Delin
Published: February 2022

The research has been done about the description of drug information cervices in hypertensive patients at pharmacies of Abifayruz klinik fdc (family doctor clinic) Makassar.The aim of this research is to know the description of drug information services in hypertensive patients at pharmacies of Abifayruz klinik fdc (family doctor clinic) Makassar. The method of this research is descriptive namely the data obtained by collecting the answers from questionnaires then make tabulation and scoring, and then it will be presented by making a list. Based on the research it can be inferred that hypertensive patient who accepts drug information cervices at pharmacies of Abifayruz klinik fdc, got satisfaction with percentage 74,62%.
RESILIENCE, REJECTION SENSITIVITY AND ANGER AMONG ADULTS WITH MIDLIFE CRISIS
Authors: C. R Jyothilekshmi. , K.M Riaz.
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: The midlife period can be considered an important phase of transition in a person's life course. This
phase is characterized by an identiable change in personal circumstances. The midlife period has an important
preparatory role in the transition to the next stage of development, that is, to old age. The midlife period is characterized by losses and
readjustments. This period covers a large portion of an individual's life span. A woman may go through multiple social, psychological, and
biological challenges during this midlife transition. Effective management of these challenges is essential for a healthy midlife period among
women. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study were to assess the resilience, rejection sensitivity and anger among adults with Midlife Crisis
in selected community areas in Malappuram District, Kerala. METHODS:Adescriptive study was conducted among 61 female adults with Mid
Life Crisis in different community areas at Malappuram district, Kerala. The data collection was done in January 2021. The Resilience In Midlife
scale, the Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire-Adult version (A-RSQ), and the Clinical Anger Scale were used for the data collection. Using
descriptive statistics, the collected data was analyzed. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that the mean Resilience score among the
sample was 46.67, the mean Rejection Sensitivity score was 20.05, and the mean Anger score was 39.51. CONCLUSION: Resilience building,
rejection sensitivity management, and anger management are essential in the management of Mid Life Crisis among women.
A CLINICAL STUDY OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING POST LAPAROTOMY WOUND HEALING
Authors: Basha Shaik Mansur , Praneeth Reddy P. Sai , Reddy K.V. Ramanjaneya
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Wound Healing is the summation of a number of processes that follow injury. Despite immense
advances in the technique of wound creation and closure, there continues to be an important percentage of patients
undergoing abdominal operations, suffering from delayed wound healing and partial wound failure. Apart from increasing patient morbidity and
hospital stay, it also is a psychological blow to both the surgeon and patient alike.
The incidence of post-operative wound dehiscence was investigated in patients in several studies (e.g., 1.25 per 1,000 discharges at 0 to 17 years,
1.74 at 18 to 44 years, 2.65 at 45 to 65 years, and 3.77 at 65 or more years. Additionally, it was found that this complication resulted in an
increased mean length of stay (by 21.1 days) and a tremendous increase in charges for affected patients, with 5.7 times higher odds of in-hospital
mortality.Wound Infection rate varies from 6.8 percent to 21.4 percent depending on the procedure and other patient factors. The aim of this
study is to assess the various factors inuencing post laparotomy wound healing. To identify the pre-operative, operative and post operative risk
factors in patients having poor wound healing.
RESULTS This prospective study was conducted in Government General Hospital, kurnool. A total of 100 patients undergoing laparotomies
were studied .40 patients were found to have delayed wound healing. The strongest association for delayed healing was found to be wound
infection, followed by chronic cough,steroids and poorly controlled diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of delayed healing was found to be higher in our study with increased incidence of wound infection. It was found that emergency
laparotomies were associated with an increased incidence of wound infection and thereby delayed healing. Poor wound healing is also
associated strongly with poor nutrition and uncontrolled diabetes. These factors should be taken into account and efforts have to be made to
correct the risk factors pre or post-operatively.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRENDS OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS IN MADHYA PRADESH FROM 2016 TO 2020
Authors: Kaurav Yogesh Singh , Sinha Veena , Kumar Singh Shailendra , Bijlwan Aanchal , Kumar Saurav , Sakalle Shailesh , Tiwari Vineet Kumar , Salam Shaiwya , Shinde Nitin
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: Many large outbreaks have been recorded in various sections of the nation since 1955. In 1973, a
severe epidemic in the Bankura District of West Bengal resulted in a 42.6 percent death rate. Following that, the illness
spread to neighboring states, resulting in a series of epidemics across the country. METHODOLOGY: It is a retrospective observational study
conducted among all lab-conrmed IgM ELISApatients positive for JE in Madhya Pradesh from 2016-2020. The data was collected from IDSP,
and it included the number of cases by years, months, districts, and, geographical details were collected from the Department of Land Survey, and
the projected population data were collected from the census. RESULT: Analysis of data revealed that from 2016 to 2020, a total of 81 Acute
encephalitis syndrome cases with 10 deaths were reported in Madhya Pradesh. All these cases were lab-conrmed cases of Japanese Encephalitis.
During this period, the average case fatality rate was 12.34%, with a morbidity rate of 0.11 per lakh population. CONCLUSION: In all JEendemic states in India, safe and efcient JE vaccinations are available to prevent the disease and lower the risk of JE and AES; nonetheless, all
visitors to JE-endemic areas should take steps to avoid mosquito bites, especially during peak season. Prevention of Japanese encephalitis can be
bought about by early diagnosis and apt treatment.
BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIAAT TERTIARY CARE HEALTH CENTRE
Authors: Sarola Ujala , Pandya Ahuti , Javadekar Tanuja
Published: February 2022

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a disease affecting the middle ear and mastoid cavity, leading to
considerable morbidity by causing hearing loss; and even life threatening complications in squamosal type of CSOM, if left
untreated over long periods of time. Hence it isimperative to treat the persistent ear discharge in CSOM according to the antibioticssusceptibility of the
organismsisolated.Aim:Thisstudy was carried out to examine the current local bacteriological prole ofCSOM and to study the antibiotic susceptibility
pattern of the isolates.Methods:We carried out a retrospective analysis of earswab culturesfrom 31 unilateral CSOM casesseen at the Ear-Nose-Throat
clinics of a referral health institution during a 8 month period ending 2020. Sensitivitiesto seven locally available antibiotics were analyzed.Results:We
analyzed 17 earswab culture resultsfrom 31 patients with age ranging from 5 yearto 60 years and a mean 24.87 years. Pseudomonas aeruginosa wasthe
most commonisolatedbacteria (34.4%[11/31])followedbyAcinetobacterSpecies(6.3%[2/31]), andProteusMirabilis(6.3%[2/31]).Themost andleast
sensitive bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter Species , respectively. The most effective antibiotics were gentamicin and
Ciprooxacin. Conclusion:Pseudomonas is the most common bacteria involved in CSOM in this part of the country. Ciprooxacin as ear drops is
recommendedasrst-linedruginthemanagementofactiveCSOMasitischeap,lessototoxic,andlocallyavailable.
TRAUMATIC PNEUMOCEPHALUS : AIR REPLACEMENT PROCEDURE VS CONTROLLED DECOMPRESSION WITH EXTERNAL DRAINAGE
Authors: Krishnasamy Sivakumar , Hitler Balasubramanian , Jeevarajan Srisaravanan , Jerosh J.R Geo
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Air within cranium may be classied according to the site of occurrence. The pathophysiology of the same
is varied and the effects are manifold. Methods: Patients with tension pneumocephalus are taken up for surgery.Results:
In controlled decompression group, the pain requirement and duration of hospital stay was more. The air replacement procedure group had more
recollection and one patient required a second procedure.Conclusion: Most of the cases subside with normobaric 100% oxygen therapy. In
patients with persistent pneumocephalus for more than two weeks, more denitive procedures for sealing of the dural rent may be required.