bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hayvancılıkta Robotik Sistemler ve Yapay Zekâ Uygulamaları
Authors: ISIK Ali Hakan , ALAKUS Ferdi , ESKİCİOĞLU Ömer Can
Published: December 2021

Hayvancılık, nesillerdir devam eden ve insanoğlunun temel gıda ihtiyacını karşılamasını sağlayan tarımın bir alt koludur. Ekonomik değer taşıyan hayvanların beslenmesi, bakımı ve üretimi yapılmaktadır. Büyükbaş, küçükbaş, tavukçuluk ve arıcılıkta hayvancılık kapsamında yer almaktadır. Temelinde hayvanların bakımı ve beslenmesi gibi gereksinimlerini karşılayarak insanların gıda ihtiyaçlarının sağlanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu ihtiyaçları karşılamak için hayvan çiftlikleri kurulmaktadır. Çiftliklerde hayvanların gereksinimlerinin sağlanması insan gücüne dayalı olarak sürdürülmektedir. Ancak günümüzde teknolojinin gelişmesiyle insan gücünün yerine makineler geçmektedir. Gömülü sistemler, robotik ve yapay zeka gibi konu alanlarının hayatımıza girmesiyle beraber karşılaşılan sorunlara daha kapsamlı çözümler bulunmaktadır. İnsan hatasından kaynaklanan ve kullanılan iş gücünü azaltarak en doğru bir şekilde mevcut teknolojiden faydalanılarak hayvancılık yapılması önerilmiştir. Çalışmamızda, literatürde bulunan hayvancılık kapsamında yapay zeka uygulamaları, görüntü işleme tabanlı sistemler, otonom çiftlik sistemleri incelenmiştir. İncelemelerden yola çıkarak insan hatasını minimize ederek yapay zeka tabanlı bir çiftliğin üretim kalitesi ve hızı yüksek oranda arttığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Mevcut çiftliklerde kendi kararını verebilen yapay zekaya sahip sistemlerin kullanılması üretim ve beslemenin yanı sıra hastalık tespiti de yapabilmektedir. Tamamen sayısal verilerden yola çıkarak maksimum verim elde etmek hedeflenmektedir.
THE SYMBOL OF ELEGANCE AND NOBILITY IN EVERY PERIOD THE DEVELOPMENT OF PORCELAIN AND THE PLACE OF TURKISH PORCELAIN IN THIS PROCESS
Authors: Nurten GÜL Esra , ÖZKAN Selçuk
Published: December 2021

Porselen, sertliği, yarı-saydam oluşu, beyazlığının temizliği temsil etmesi ile her dönemde zerafetin simgesi olmuştur. Dünya çapındaki ülkeler ithal Çin porselenleriyle karşılaştığı andan itibaren bu özel ürünlere sahip olma yarışına
girişmişler, bir yandan da porselenlerin gizemini çözmek için çabalamışlardır. Uzakdoğu deniz ticareti ve diplomatik hediyeleşmeler vasıtasıyla tüm dünyaya yayılan porselen, zaman içerisinde temizliğin, zarafetin, asaletin ve zenginliğin
sembolü haline gelmiştir. En ünlü ressamlar porselenlerin dekorlama süreçlerinde görev almış, porselen bünyelerinin geliştirilmesinde derin bilgilere sahip kimyacılara güvenilmiştir. Başlangıçta sarayları dekoratif olarak süsleyen
porselen daha sonrasında sofralarda hızla yerini almış, misafirler porselenlerin olduğu en güzel sofralarda ağırlanmıştır. En güzel porselenlere sahip olma arzusu büyük talep oluşturmuş, sürekli porselen teknolojisinin gelişmesine
katkı sağlamıştır. Çalışmada geçmişten günümüze porselen üretim süreci ele alınmış, Türk porselenlerinin geldiği noktaya değinilmiştir.
FOREIGN TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS IN SENEGAL
Authors: GUEYE Fatou , ACET Hakan
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada, Senegal’de 1991-2018 dönemi için dış ticaretin istihdam üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Teoride, dış ticaret istihdam artışında önemli bir faktör olarak görülmektedir. Çalışmada ihracat, ithalat ve istihdam değişkenleri
kullanılmıştır. Ekonometrik analiz de ADF birim kök testi, Johansen Eş bütünleşme testi ve Vektör Hata Düzeltme Modeline dayalı Granger Nedensellik testi yapılmıştır. ADF birim kök testinden elde edilen sonuçlar serilerin birinci
farklarında durağan olduklarını göstermektedir. Johansen Eş-bütünleşme testinin sonuçlarına göre, değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli ilişki olduğunu tespit edilmiştir. Değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki olduğu için vektör
hata düzeltme modeli kullanılmıştır. Granger Nedensellik analiz de, kısa dönemde ithalat ve ihracatın istihdam üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Senegal'de dış ticaretteki artışın istihdam üzerinde olumlu
bir etkisi olduğu bulunmuştur.
AKCADAG VILLAGE INSTITUTE; ESTABLISHMENT, EDUCATIOANL AND TEACHING ACTIVITIES
Authors: AYDIN Mehmet KORKUD
Published: December 2021

Cumhuriyet ile birlikte hayatımıza giren yeni düzen çalışmalarının halka doğru anlatılabilmesi için eğitim oldukça önemli bir araç olmuştur. Bu hususta köy nüfusunun eğitim ve öğretimi de önem arz etmektedir. Zira Cumhuriyetin ilk
yıllarında nüfusun büyük kısmı köylerde yaşamaktadır. Köy Eğitmenleri Kursu bu amaç doğrultusunda kurulmuş ve köylerde ihtiyaç duyulan eğitimcilerin yetiştirilmesi için çalışılmıştır. Köy Eğitmenleri Kursu ise Köy Enstitülerinin
kuruluşu için önemli bir başlangıç olmuştur. İsmet İnönü’nün Cumhurbaşkanı olduğu dönemde, 17 Nisan 1940 tarihinde Köy Enstitülerinin kuruluşu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Enstitülerin kuruluşundaki amaç sadece köylere öğretmen yetiştirmek
değildi. Enstitü mezunlarının görevlendirilecekleri köylere bir öğretmen olmanın yanı sıra tarımda, inşaatçılıkta, kooperatifçilikte ve hatta kültür ve sanatta yetkin kimseler olarak gitmeleri amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Enstitülerin
müfredatında uygulamalı dersler büyük bir yer tutmuştur. Akçadağ Köy Enstitüsü 17 Nisan 1940’da açılışı ilk gerçekleştirilen enstitülerden birisidir. İlk olarak Hamidiye Kışlası’nda eğitim öğretim faaliyetlerine başlamıştır. Enstitü
daha sonra bugün Akçadağ İlçesi Karapınar Köyü’ne bağlı bulunan mevkiye taşınmıştır. Okulun eğitim öğretim işleri genel müfredata uygun olmakla birlikte muhitin ve öğrencilerin genel durumuna göre şekillenmiştir. Köy Enstitüleri
kuruluşundan itibaren siyasi tartışmaların ortasında kalmıştır. Özellikle Enstitülerin kuruluşunu gerçekleştiren Milli Eğitim Bakanı Hasan Ali Yücel’in ve İlköğretim Genel Müdürü İsmail Hakkı Tonguç’un kamuoyunda sol-sosyalist
eğilime sahip olması bu okullar hakkındaki önyargıları da artırmıştı. Ayrıca öğrencilerin okulda bedenen çalıştırılmaları da bir başka eleştiri konusu olmuştur. 1946’dan sonra Hükumet içinde yaşanan değişim, Köy Enstitülerini de
etkilemiştir. Reşat Şemsettin Sirer’in Milli Eğitim Bakanı olması ile birlikte Enstitülere bakış değişmiştir. Öğrencilerin okul işlerinde çalışmalarına müsaade edilmemesi ve müfredat konusunda yapılan değişiklikler, Köy Enstitülerini
genel işleyişinden uzaklaştırmıştır. Demokrat Partinin iktidara gelmesinin ardından Enstitülerdeki karma eğitime son verilmiş ve 1954 yılında yapılan düzenleme ile İlköğretmen Okulları ile birleştirilmek sureti ile kapatılmıştır.
The Existance of National Sharia Arbitration Agency in The Settlement of Sharia-law Banking Dispute In Rejang Lebong District
Authors: Wijaya Harianto , Shesa Laras
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to figure out how the existence of the national sharia arbitration body was in the settlement of sharia banking disputes in Rejang Lebong district. With the writhing of sharia-based economies, it certainly does not seal the possibility of a problem arising from it. In terms of matters resolved without need to to the realm of the court whether it has gone through a national sharia arbitration body or not yet.Design/Method/Approach: In the drafting of this article the author uses a qualitative approach. To search for data in this study constituents used interview methods with specific respondents. Analyzed it with deductive techniques. So that it could be narrated the results of those findings.Findings: The findings in this study turned out that the existence of national sharia arbitration agencies was still minimal, this being because of some of the first minimal financial or business institutions that used sharia foundations as a foundation in transacting. Second, still the lack of community understanding of the existence of national sharia arbitration institutions. For the problem settled ligitally only, many did not yet know it should be settled in the Court of Religion. Many societies who assume such things will be settled in ordinary public courts. Third, based on the recognition of bank leaders using the principle of sharia transactions, there was indeed no dispute at the bank yet.Originality/Values: The conclusion that can be drawn from research findings is the absence of existence from national arbitration agencies within the economic problems of the community of Rejang Lebong County
The Impact of a Three-Step Interview on Students’ Speaking Ability
Authors: Arafah Rifda , Danim Sudarwan , Dharmayana Wayan , Anshori Sakut , Prihantoro Prihantoro
Published: December 2021

The goal of this study was to determine the impact of employing a Three-Step Interview on students' speaking abilities. This study's population consisted of all 80 students in their first year at MAN Talang Leak Kabupaten Lebong. The sample consisted of 56 individuals drawn from two courses. The students were separated into two groups: the experimental group got therapy utilizing the Three-Step-Interview method, while the control group was taught using traditional methods. The data will be collected using several methods in the exam. The pre-test will be given once before the therapy begins, and the post-test will be given once the study is completed. This research includes seven treatment meetings. It is based on MAN Talang Leak's academic timetable and semester program. The post-test would be given to the students after they had received seven treatments for each topic. The results from this study will be statistically analyzed using the t-test for the pre-and post-tests. The post-test will be used to collect data on the influence of using the Three-Step-Interview method on students' speaking performance. The disparity between the two classes was substantial. According to the data analysis, the outcome demonstrates that the Three-Step-Interview approach may increase students' speaking abilities. It is possible to conclude that the usage of the Three-Step-Interview had a beneficial influence on students' speaking skills. Based on the findings, teachers are advised to utilize the Three-Step-Interview approach when training senior high school pupils to talk.
The Study of Strategies in Learning English and English Academic Achievement
Authors: Hayati Noor , Usman Usman
Published: December 2021

English language learning is not a new thing in Indonesia, many people want to learn English for various purposes. However, not all students can easily achieve their goals and follow the learning process. One of the factors is language learning strategy. This research aimed to investigate the students’ English language learning strategies and its correlation with the English academic achievement. Descriptive and correlational design, quantitative and qualitative methods were applied in this research. The students’ English scores on their study report (KHS) and SILL were used as the instrument. The samples of this research were fifty third year students majoring in English at IAIN Samarinda. Moreover, three students were chosen to participate in the semi structured interview. The data of the research were analyzed using descriptive and Pearson Product Moment correlation. The result showed that the most preferred strategy used by the students was social strategy There was a significant correlation between students’ English language learning strategies and English academic achievement (r=.436, p=.001<.05).
KOMPOSISI HASIL TANGKAPAN LOBSTER (Panulirus spp) YANG DIDARATKAN DI PANGKALAN PENDARATAN IKAN KARANGDUWUR KABUPATEN KEBUMEN JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Widianti Elvanri Anggi , Nurani Tri Wiji , Sondita Muhammad Fedi Alfiadi , Purwangka Fis , Wahyuningrum Prihatin Ika
Published: December 2021

Perairan Pantai Kebumen memiliki kekayaan sumberdaya perikanan yang tinggi pada jenis ikan-ikan pelagis dan jenis krustasea, terutama lobster. Terdapat enam jenis lobster yang berada di Perairan Pantai Ayah Kabupaten Kebumen yaitu lobster pasir (P. homarus), lobster batu (P. penicillatus), lobster batik (P. longipes), lobster mutiara (P. ornatus), lobster bambu (P. versicolor) dan lobster pakistan (P. polyphagus). Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan unit penangkapan lobster dan mengidentifikasi komposisi hasil tangkapan lobster di Perairan Pantai Ayah Kabupaten Kebumen. Pengambilan data dilakukan di PPI Karangduwur, Kecamatan Ayah, Kabupaten Kebumen pada bulan November 2020-Januari 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat penangkapan lobster yang digunakan oleh nelayan yaitu jaring insang dan bubu. Nelayan setempat masih menggunakan kapal berukuran <5 GT untuk melakukan operasi penangkapan lobster secara one day fishing. Hasil tangkapan terbanyak yaitu jenis lobster pasir (P. homarus) sebesar 5657 ekor dan paling sedikit diperoleh lobster jenis pakistan (P. polyphagus) sebanyak 7 ekor. Berdasarkan distribusi jenis lobster di Perairan Pantai Ayah Kabupaten Kebumen dapat disimpulkan bahwa 75% lobster sudah layak tangkap. Penetapan ukuran layak tangkap tersebut sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Nomor 17 tahun 2021.

Kata kunci: komposisi hasil tangkapan, lobster, Panulirus spp, perairan Kebumen
RELEVANSI NILAI AKUNTANSI, NILAI BUKU DAN LABA DARI SEBAGAI DASAR PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN BERINVESTASI
Authors: Fikri Muhammad Ali , Indriani Eni , Mariadi Yusli
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan pengembangan studi sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Bruhstahler dan Dichev (1997), Collins et al. (1997), Rangan(1998), Teoh et al.(1998), Francis dan Shipper (1999), Barth et al. (1999), Lev dan Zarrowin (1999), Dontoh et al., (2004), dan Marquardt dan Weidman (2004) yang menjelaskan hubungan oportunisasi manajemen laba, informasi akuntansi, dan relevansi nilai. Dalam studi ini peneliti menjelaskan hubungan relevansi nilai perusahaan menggunakan pendekatan laba dan nilai buku.

Penelitian ini dilakukan di sekitar ruang lingkup dosen, praktisi, dan pelaku pasar modal yang telah melakukan transaksi di  pasar modal. Hasil penelitian secara umum menyatakan bahwa pendekatan laba dan Neraca memiliki dampak kecil terhadap perubahan harga saham. Investor lebih mengharapkan return berupa kas atau melalui analisis teknikal
IDENTIFIKASI PROBLEMATIKA BUMDES DI DESA-DESA DI KECAMATAN LINGSAR LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Inapty Biana Adha , Fikri Muhammad Ali , Waskito Iman
Published: December 2021

Sebagaimana kita ketahui pemerintah telah menggelontorkan dana desa (DD) dan alokasi dana desa (ADD) dalam rangka membangun desa yang mandiri. Berangkat dari hal tersebut penelitian ini berupaya mengidentifikasi masalah yang terjadi dilapangan. Temuan yang ditargetkan dalam penelitian ini terungkapnya problematika berdasarkanfenomena yang terjadi.Metodologi penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatifdengan responden fasilitator kabupaten, kepala desa, pengelola bumdes, pendamping lokal desa.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan problematika yang masih dihadapi oleh Bumdes adalah mengenai kecilnya persentase penyertaan modal oleh desa ke Bumdes berkisar 1-2% setahun, sumber daya manusia, pembukuan, kerjasama belum banyak dilakukan dengan pihak luar, produk dari mayarakat belum ditampung oleh Bumdes, potensi desa banyak yang belum digali dan dikembangkan.

 

Kata Kunci:     Desa, dana desa, dan bumdes.
ANALISIS FAKTOR FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH (Studi Kasus Pada Badan Pengelola Keuangan, Pendapatan Dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Karo)
Authors: Purba Sahala , Nainggolan Arison , Tarigan Sella Yorenta Br
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh kompetensi sumber daya manusia, pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, sistem pengendalian intern dan komitmen organisasi terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan pemerintah daerah, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian asosiatif yang bersifat kausal dan menggunakan data primer. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dan regresi linier berganda. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Badan Pengelola Keuangan, Pendapatan dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Karo. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 52 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial kompetensi sumber daya manusia dan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan pemerintah daerah, sedangkan sistem pengendalian intern dan komitmen organisasi berpengaruh negatif terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan. Secara simultan Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia, Sistem Pengendalian Intern, Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi dan Komitmen Organisasi berpengaruh terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan pemerintah daerah pada Badan Pengelola Keuangan, Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Karo.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Kesebangunan dan Kekongruenan melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Talk Write (TTW) dengan Pendekatan Scientific pada Peserta Didik
Authors: Yulianis Yulianis
Published: December 2021

This research aims to find out the improvement of learning outcomes through the application of the Think Talk Write (TTW) Type Cooperative Learning Model with the Scientific Approach of class IX.3 State Junior High School 9 Dumai. This type of research is a classroom action research or classroom action research (CAR) that has 4 stages (planning stage, implementation stage, observation stage and reflection stage). The research conducted with the Observer was a fellow researcher. Observations are made on teacher activities, student activities and learning outcomes carried out in two implementation cycles consisting of cycle I and Cycle II. The results of research in cycle I obtained the activities of Teachers and learners during the learning process 74% and 75% which are in the category is quite good, with the learning outcomes of learners classically for cycle I has not reached the desired success indicator which is 75%. Furthermore, in cycle II, teacher and student activities during the learning process of 90% which are in the category are very good, with the learning results of learners classically get the completion of learning 96% so that the completion of learning learners classically for cycle II has been achieved, namely ≥75%. So it can be concluded that the application of TTW cooperative learning model with a scientific approach to mathematics lessons with revival and support materials can improve student learning outcomes in class IX.3 State Junior High School 9 Dumai
Ekstraksi Fitur Citra Radiografi Thorax Menggunakan DWT dan Moment Invariant
Authors: Wijaya I Gede Pasek Suta , Avianty Ditha Nurcahya , Bimantoro Fitri , Lestari Rina
Published: December 2021

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by thecoronavirus family, namely severe acute respiratorysyndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The fastest methodto identify the presence of this virus is a rapid antibody or

antigen test, but confirming the positive status of a COVID-19 patient requires further examination. Lung examination

using chest X-ray images taken through X-rays of COVID-19patients can be one way to confirm the patient's conditionbefore/after the rapid test. This paper proposes a featureextraction model to detect COVID-19 through chestradiography using a combination of Discrete WaveletTransform (DWT) and Moment Invariant features. In thiscase, haar wavelet transform and seven Hu moments wereused to extract image features in order to find unique featuresthat represent chest radiographic images as suspectedCOVID-19, pneumonia, or normal. To find out theuniqueness of the proposed features, it is coupled with thekNN and generic ANN classification techniques. Based on theperformance parameters assessed, it turns out that thewavelet-based and moment invariant thorax radiographicimage feature model can be used as a unique featureassociated with three categories: Normal, Pneumonia, andCovid-19. This is indicated by the accuracy value of 82.7% inthe kNN classification technique and the accuracy, precision,and recall of 86%, 87%, and 86% respectively with the ANNclassification technique.
Optimalisasi Teknologi Bio-Balitani Dalam Pengolahan Sampah Rumah Tangga Di TPS3R Desa Taro
Authors: Ardina Ratna Pramesti  , K.T.D. Deliana  , I.M.J. Hermawan  , I.P.R.Y. Pradana  , I.W.P.Widnyana  , I.M. Mudita  , I.N.S. Miwada  , N.L.G. Sumardani  , N.W.T. Inggriati  , N.W. Siti
Published: December 2021

Pemanfaatan limbah rumah tangga menggunakan teknologi Bio-BaliTani menjadi pupuk organik diyakini mampu mengurangi penumpukan sampah dan mencegah pencemaran lingkungan di kawasan Tempat Pengelolaan Sampah Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (TPS3R) Desa Taro sekaligus mendorong mitra untuk memanfaatkan sumberdaya yang dimiliki secara berkelanjutan guna meningkatkan perekonomian desa. Teknologi fermentasi melalui produk Bio-BaliTani yang memanfaatkan isolat bakteri probiotik lignoselulolitik unggul asal rumen sapi bali dan rayap mampu mengatasi permasalahan dengan cara mempercepat pembusukan sampah organik yang ada di TPS3R Desa Taro. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan melalui sosialisasi, transfer teknologi, pengembangan jiwa kewirausahaan, dan pembentukan jejaring kemitraan. Hasil kegiatan pembinaan yang dilakukan di TPS3R Desa Taro adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman mitra dalam mengolah sampah rumah tangga yang dilihat dari kemampuan menerapkan teknologi Bio-BaliTani dengan baik dalam pengolahan limbah rumah tangga menjadi pupuk organik dan produk yang dihasilkan mampu memenuhi standar yang telah ditetapkan.
WORKSHOP DIVERSIDADE E INCLUSÃO NO ENSINO SUPERIOR – RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Abrahao Giselli Cristini Domiciano , Oliveira Symone Mesquita De , FRAGA ALINE GUERRA MANSSOUR , LIONE VIVIANE DE OLIVEIRA FREITAS
Published: December 2021

Este artigo narra a experiência das autoras durante a realização do I Workshop em Diversidade e Inclusão no ensino superior, nos dias 10 e 11 de dezembro de 2020, em parceria com a Coordenadoria de Ac
REALIZE ESTRATÉGIAS INCLUSIVAS – UMA EMPRESA VOLTADA PARA INCLUSÃO DE TODOS
Authors: Lessa Thamires Gomes da Silva Amaral , Oliveira Symone Mesquita De , Abrahao Giselli Cristini Domiciano , LIONE VIVIANE DE OLIVEIRA FREITAS
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho apresenta a empresa Realize Estratégias Inclusivas – uma empresa para a inclusão, que foi desenvolvida como produto no Mestrado Profissional em Diversidade e Inclusão (CMPDI), pela
Optical coherence tomography angiography for choroidal neovascularization in pathological myopia and neovascular age-related macular degeneration in combination with axial myopia in comparative analysis
Authors: Drozdova E. A. , Zhiliaeva O. V. , Suslo I. S.
Published: December 2021

Background. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is currently an important method of visualization and assessment of fundus pathology in various diseases. The study of combined pathologies is not well covered.The aim: to compare OCTA features during choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in pathological myopia (PM) and in neovascular age-related macular degeneration in combination with axial myopia (nAMD + M) against the background of anti-VEGF therapy.Materials and methods. A prospective study included 70 eyes with active CNV. Comparative analysis of parameters was carried out between two groups: with PM – 47 eyes; with nAMD + M – 23 eyes.Results. 4 OCTA patterns were established in both groups: dense, loose, mixed and unidentifi able. With PM, dense pattern was found in 28 (59.57 %) eyes, loose pattern – in 16 (34.04 %), mixed pattern– in 2 (4.26 %), unidentifi able pattern – in 1 (2.13 %). In the nAMD + M group, dense pattern was rare – in 1 (4.35 %) eye, loose pattern – in 7 (30.44 %), mixed pattern – in 9 (39.13 %), unidentifi able pattern – in 6 (26.08 %). The fi rst group was characterized by a dense pattern that was found at a younger age, the second group was characterized by dense and mixed patterns. The greatest area and density of CNV were found with a loose pattern in both groups (p < 0.05). The observation period until the stabilization of CNV was achieved was longer in the loose and mixed patterns in the PM group, and in the loose and unidentifi able – in the nAMD + M group (p < 0.05). Loose and unidentifi able patterns require more injections. The halo was determined by the presence of intraretinal fluid in the retina. Conclusion. OCTA showed common features and distinctive features in the course of CNV in patients with PM and nAMD + M during anti-VEGF therapy. OCTA can be useful in assessing CNV activity and predicting the eff ect of treatment.
VEGF and eNOS genes polymorphism features in patients with diabetes mellitus with and without initial non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Shevchenko A. V. , Prokof`ev V. F. , Konenkov V. I. , Klimontov V. V. , Chernykh D. V. , Trunov A. N. , Eremina A. V. , Chernykh V. V.
Published: December 2021

The endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) imbalance and the polymorphism of these genes may be the predisposition for diabetic retinopathy (DR) development and progression.The aim: to analyze VEGF (rs699947 and rs3025039) and eNOS (rs2070744) genes polymorphism and their combinations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) with and without initial non-proliferative DR.Materials and methods. The study included 200 patients with type 2 diabetes (155 women and 45 men, age – 43–70 years): 111 people without and 89 people with DR. The polymorphism of the regulatory regions of VEGF (rs699947 and rs3025039) and eNOS (rs2070744) genes was studied using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and TaqMan Real-Time PCR by. Statistical processing was carried out using the software packages Statistica 10.0, SPSS Statistics 23 and the package of original programs for volumetric processing of bioinformation.Results. The VEGF-2578 heterozygosity and two complex genotypes – VEGF-2578CA:VEGF+936CC and NOS3-786CT:VEGF-2578CA:VEGF+936CC – signifi cantly decreased in patients with DR. The predisposition to early DR development to minor genotype of eNOS gene in the NOS3-786CC:VEGF+936CT complex and signifi cantly decreased the homozygous wild-type eNOS genotype in DM2 patients with ophthalmopathology were shown. NOS3-86TT:VEGF2578AA genotype signifi cantly decreased in group with retinopathy developing and the glycated hemoglobin high level.Conclusion. Along with the clinical risk factors for the development of DR in DM2, the genetic polymorphism of the regulatory regions of the genes analyzed by us has a signifi cant weight. When analyzing potential genetic markers, it is important to consider possible joint epistatic/hypostatic effects. The complex analysis of polymorphic gene can help early prognosis of the DR development.
Modern trends in diagnostics and prediction of results of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy of pigment epithelial detachment in neovascular agerelated macular degeneration using deep machine learning method (literature review)
Authors: Kozina E. V. , Sakhnov S. N. , Myasnikova V. V. , Bykova E. V. , Aksenova L. E.
Published: December 2021

Detachment of the pigment epithelium is the separation of the basement membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium from the inner collagen layer of Bruch’s membrane, which occurs in 80 % of cases in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The outcome of anti-VEGF therapy for pigment epithelial detachment may be adherence of the pigment epithelium, the formation of pigment epithelium tear, or preservation of the detachment. The pigment epithelium tear of 3–4th degrees can lead to a sharp decrease in visual acuity.Most retrospective studies confi rm the absence of a proven correlation between anatomical and functional outcomes in the treatment of pigment epithelial detachment in cases of maintaining the integrity of the pigment epithelium monolayer, and therefore the main attention of researchers is focused on studying the morphological features of pigment epithelial detachment during therapy with angiogenesis inhibitors. Modern technologies of spectral optical coherence tomography make it possible to evaluate detailed quantitative parameters of pigment epithelium detachment, such as height, width, maximum linear diameter, area, volume and refl ectivity within the detachment.Groups of Russian and foreign authors identify various biomarkers recorded on optical coherence tomography images. Dynamic registration of such biomarkers expands the ability of clinicians to predict morphological changes in pigment epithelial detachment during anti-VEGF therapy, as well as to optimize treatment regimens to prevent complications in the form of pigment epithelium tear leading to a decrease in visual acuity.Modern methods of deep machine learning and the use of neural networks allow achieving higher accuracy in diff erentiating the types of retinal fluids and automating the quantitative determination of fl uid under the pigment epithelium. These technologies allow achieving a high level of compliance with manual expert assessment and increasing the accuracy and speed of predicting morphological results of treatment of pigment epithelium detachments.
A clinical case of central retinal artery occlusion after pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
Authors: Latigan K. L. , Latigan D. A. , Dubnov K. E. , Bykova E. V. , Nefedov D. A.
Published: December 2021

In domestic and foreign medical periodical literature, highlighting the problem of ophthalmopathology against the background of coronavirus infection, the lesion of the anterior segment of the eye is most often described. It is extremely hard to find reports about pathology of the retina, optic nerve or central parts of the visual analyzer. However, it is widely acknowledged that there is a high risk of developing coagulopathy against the background of COVID-19 infection, which leads to occlusion and thrombosis of retinal vessels, ischemic neuropathies. The problem of irreversible loss of vision due to circulatory disorders of the retinal vessels was urgent even before the wide spread of coronavirus infection due to the high prevalence of atherosclerosis, hypertension and type 1 and 2 diabetes in the population. Also, it is widely known that occlusions and thrombosis of retinal vessels can be formidable harbingers of the developing life-threatening conditions. Knowledge about the high risk of vascular ophthalmopatology against the background of a previous COVID-19 infection by the primary echelon ophthalmologists, early diagnostics and treatment of ischemic conditions of the posterior segment of the eye will reduce the frequency of irreversible vision loss due to these diseases, secondary neovascular glaucoma cases, and will also help to send patients to the multidisciplinary hospitals in a timely manner for the prevention of fatal complications of coagulopathy. The article provides a brief overview of foreign literary sources regarding the history of outbreaks of coronavirus infection in the world, as well as possible ways of damage to the organ of vision by the coronavirus. A clinical case of damage to the vascular bed of the retina in both eyes due to coagulopathy against the background of pneumonia caused by COVID-19 is presented, which is actual due to the low illumination of similarly cases.
Correction of postkeratoplastic astigmatism by intrastromal corneal segments implantation using a femtosecond laser
Authors: Pozdeyeva N. A. , Sinitsyn M. V. , Terentieva A. E. , Shlenskaya O. V.
Published: December 2021

Background.After penetrating keratoplasty, mild to high induced corneal astigmatism was observed in each case. The existing choice of correction of postkeratoplastic astigmatism is aimed at fi nding an individual approach in order to compensate for it and not weaken the biomechanical properties of the corneal graft.The aim:to analyze the clinical, functional, and morphological results of postkeratoplastic astigmatism correction by implantation of intrastromal corneal segments using a femtosecond laser.Methods.22 patients were examined before and 1 year after surgery. The operation was performed under local anesthesia: stage I – an intrastromal tunnel was formed using a femtosecond laser “Femto Visum” 1 MHz (Optosystems, Russia); stage II – the intrastromal corneal segments were implanted. The results were assessed using standard and special research methods using optical coherence tomography Visante OCT (Zeiss, Germany), keratotopography (Tomey-5, Japan), optical corneal analyzer ORA (Reichert, USA), laser tindalemetry FC-2000 (Kowa, Japan) and confocal microscope Confoscan-4 (Nidek, Japan).Results.Before the operation, uncorrected visual acuity averaged 0.09 ± 0.05, after a year – 0.50 ± 0.16; best corrected visual acuity – 0.30 ± 0.12 and 0.60 ± 0.05 respectively; cylindrical component of refraction – –10.29 ± 3.12 and –2.20 ± 0.64 D respectively; mean keratometry value – 43.59 ± 2.14 and 38.56 ± 1.75 D respectively; corneal hysteresis – 7.92 ± 1.22 and 8.95 ± 1.05 mm Hg respectively; corneal resistance factor – 7.01 ± 1.81 and 8.44 ± 1.44 mm Hg respectively; protein fl ux in the moisture of the anterior chamber – 2.97 ± 0.28 and 3.04 ± 0.24 f/ms respectively; endothelial cell density – 1521 ± 327 and 1475 ± 419 cells/mm2 respectively.Conclusion.Intrastromal corneal segments implantation into a corneal graft using a femtosecond laser has efficiency and safety method in correcting postkeratoplastic astigmatism.
Macular edema after surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment – the possibilities of its prediction
Authors: Boiko E. V. , Khizhnyak I. V.
Published: December 2021

The aim: to develop a mathematical model for predicting macular edema based on the informativeness of clinical and instrumental predictors of its occurrence.Materials and methods. To determine the risk factors for macular edema 64 patients (64 eyes) with macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (grade Cp 1–2) were selected. A retrospective analysis of the surgical treatment results was carried out. The age of the patients ranged from 30 to 81 years (28 women and 36 men).Results. Using regression analysis, two signifi cant factors were identifi ed: the sum of 8 meridians of the visual fi eld before surgery (p = 0.015) and the number of detached quadrants (p = 0.021). Based on the identifi ed factors, a model was obtained for predicting the occurrence of macular edema in the postoperative period for the patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Conclusion. Based on the analysis of clinical and instrumental indicators in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, a mathematical model has been developed that allows predicting the occurrence of macular edema in the postoperative period.The application of the proposed prediction model makes it possible to determine the tactics of treatment (peeling of internal limiting membrane) and predict the appearance of macular edema at the preoperative stage.
Associations of clinical features of functional bowel disorders with gut microbiota characteristics in adolescents: A pilot study
Authors: Romanitsa A. I. , Nemchenko U. M. , Pogodina A. V. , Grigorova E. V. , Belkova N. L. , Voropayeva N. M. , Grigoryeva E. A. , Savelkayeva M. V. , Rychkova L. V.
Published: December 2021

Background. Obesity is a multifactorial disease that is one of the important public health problems in the 21st century. Functional bowel disorders in obese children and adolescents are one of the most common pathologies of the digestive tract. The aim: to characterize the bacteriological composition of the colon microbiota in obese adolescents and identify its associations with the clinical manifestations of functional bowel disorders.Materials and methods. The study included 20 adolescents aged 11–17 years. Stool consistency was assessed using the Bristol Stool Scale. The study of biological material was carried out using standard bacteriological methods. To assess the strength of the relationship between the nominal variables, Cramer’s V test was used.Results. It has been shown that in adolescents with obesity and functional bowel disorders, there is a decrease in the number of representatives of bifidoflora, an increase in the microbial density of Escherichia coli with altered enzymatic properties and an excessive growth of potentially pathogenic enterobacteria. In obese adolescents with functional bowel disorders, abdominal pain associated with the act of defecation is associated with the presence of enterobacteria and E. coli with altered enzymatic properties. Rare bowel movements are associated with an increased abundance of Enterococcus spp. and the presence of opportunistic Enterobacteriaceae microorganisms. Frequent bowel movements are associated with the presence of E. coli with altered enzymatic properties and Clostridium spp. In the presence of loose stool, Clostridium spp. is present; unstable stool (alternation of hard and liquid stools in one patient) is associated with a decrease in the number of lactobacilli and E. coli with normal enzymatic properties, the appearance of E. coli with altered enzymatic properties, opportunistic microorganisms of Enterobacteriaceae family and Clostridium spp. Conclusion. The relationship between the clinical symptoms of functional bowel disorders and changes in the composition of the gut microbiota in obese adolescents may be a justification for conducting in-depth studies aimed at finding early predictors of functional bowel diseases associated with obesity in the adult cohort.
Evaluating Expression of the STAG1 Gene as a Potential Breast Cancer Biomarker
Authors: Lafta Inam J , Kudhair Bassam K , Iyiola Oluyinka A , Ahmed Emad A , Chou Tachung
Published: December 2021

STAG proteins, which are part of the cohesin complex and encoded by the STAG genes, are known as Irr1/Scc3 in yeast and as SA/STAG/stromalin in mammals. There are more variants as there are alternate splice sites, maybe three open reading frames (ORFs) code for three main proteins, including: SA1 (STAG1), SA2 (STAG2) and SA3 (STAG3). The cohesin protein complex has various essential roles in eukaryotic cell biology. This study compared the expression of the STAG1 gene in four different breast cancer cell lines, including: MCF-7, T-47D, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-231 and normal breast tissue. RNA was extracted from these cell lines and mRNA was converted to cDNA, and then expression of the STAG1 gene was quantified by three sets of specific primer pairs using Real Time-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The findings show significantly different over-expression of STAG1 in these cancer cell lines in comparison with the normal tissue, and the cell lines were different in their expression levels. In conclusion, the STAG1 gene can be postulated as a candidate breast cancer biomarker that needs to be further evaluated in breast tumor biopsies.
TONYUKUK YAZITINDAKİ ADLARIN ESKİ UYGUR TÜRKÇESİ METİNLERİNDEKİ ÖRNEKLERİYLE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI VE AD BİLİMSEL İNCELEMESİ
Authors: EFE Kürşat
Published: December 2021

Varlıkları karşılayan sözcükler olan adlardan genel olarak özel adları inceleyen bilim dalına “ad bilimi” adı verilmektedir. Ad bilimi (onomastik); hayvan adları, yer adları, bitki adları ve kişi adları olmak üzere özellikle dört ana başlıkta adların kökeni ve anlamları ile ele alan bir dil bilim dalıdır. Adlar, derlenerek tür, köken, yapı ve anlam yönüyle sınıflandırıldıktan sonra ortaya çıkışlarında etkili olan yollar belirlenip açıklanmaktadır. Ad bilimi; sosyoloji, halk bilimi, antropoloji ve dil bilimi gibi pek çok alana kaynaklık ettiği gibi coğrafya ve filoloji gibi farklı alanlardan da yararlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ise Türk tarihinin en eski yazılı belgelerinden olan Tonyukuk Yazıtlarındaki adlar Uygur dönemi metinlerindeki örnekleriyle karşılaştırılmalı olarak incelenecektir. Tonyukuk Yazıtları, Doğu (II.) Göktürk Kağanlığı döneminin büyük veziri, kumandanı ve danışmanı Bilge Tonyukuk’un ölümünden önce bizzat kendisi tarafından diktirilen dört cepheli iki yazıttan oluşmaktadır. Tonyukuk Yazıtlarında geçen adlar, gerek ad verme yöntemi olarak gerekse o devir Türk zihninin yapısını göstermesi bakımından önem göstermektedir. Bu adlar, ad bilimsel sınıflandırma yöntemine göre ayrıştırılmış, Türk dilinin en eski metinlerindeki/belgelerindeki söz varlığının, özellikle Türk dilinin çok daha önceki varlığının ve eskiliğinin kanıtları ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu belgelerdeki söz varlığı içerisinde yer alan adlar, varlıklara ad verme açısından Türk zihnine ait kavram alanının boyutlarını gösterdiği gibi bir kavramı oluşturma görevi taşıyan ve oluşan anlamlandırma sürecinin de yansıtılmasını sağlayacaktır. Türk dilinin ilk yazılı örnekleri ile Eski Uygur Türkçesinin sözcükleri karşılaştırılacak söz varlığının adlar açısından ortak unsurlarını ortaya konulacaktır.
Political Implications of Philosophical Parrhesia in Michel Foucault’s Late Lectures: Genealogy of Critique and Reality of Philosophy
Authors: Akaev S. A. , Kalashnik P. V.
Published: December 2021

The concept of parrhesia (free, true and courageous speech) is central to Michel Foucault’s last lecture courses. In this “late” period of his scientific career, the French philosopher started a thorough analysis of the ancient and early Christian sources with the aim to construct a detailed genealogy of the two phenomena that played a crucial role in the Western history — the genealogy of subjectivity and the genealogy of the “critical tradition” in philosophy. In order to analyze the latter, during the lecture course “The Government of Self and Others” (1982—1983), Foucault turned to the texts of Plato, which he considered foundational for the philosophical practices of veridiction in the West. The Platonic paradigm presents philosophy with a number of fundamental tasks, the main of which is the task of constantly testing the reality and seriousness — testing the words (logos) through the deeds and practices (ergon). Foucault postulates that in the modern philosophy this test invariably results in a certain attitude towards politics and power, which assumes rejection of the direct participation in political affairs, constant criticism of our mistakes and misconceptions, the search for and revelation of ways, in which we, as subjects, are able to change ourselves. In this article, the authors attempt to shed light on the genealogical significance of Foucault’s concept of parrhesia and its relationship to the modern philosophy; present the classification of parrhesia (on the basis of Foucault’s lectures) that allows to identify political and philosophical dimensions of this phenomenon and their different modalities, as well as review in a holistic way the Platonic philosophical parrhesia and consider the problem of its complex relationship with politics, which becomes especially acute when the “reality of philosophy” is being tested.
Epidemiology of Post-Infarction Ventricular Septal Rupture in Patients Undergoing Surgical Repair at Different Times from the Development of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Aliyev Ramil A. , Lebedieva Yelizaveta O. , Grusha Mykhailo M. , Musayev Kamran K.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The article is dedicated to the epidemiological aspects of the mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), particularly post-infarction ventricular septal rupture (VSR), problematic issues of its etiology and localization. Mortality of such patients is determined by rapid development of hemodynamic disorders and their severity, unpredictable clinical course, and the difficulty of early diagnosis. In addition, the high mortality rate of patients, especially when correcting the ventricular septal defect at the early stages after AMI, leaves open the question of the tactics of surgical treatment. The influence of certain risk factors of ischemic heart disease (IHD) on the development of post-infarction VSR is also considered. The aim. To study the epidemic features of post-infarction VSR in patients with different terms of surgical intervention after the development of AMI. Materials and methods. This study presents a retrospective analysis of 90 patients with coronary artery disease complicated by post-infarction VSR, who underwent surgical intervention for the period 2002-2019. The ages of hospitalized patients with post-infarction VSR ranged from 29 to 81 years. All the patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the time interval from AMI to surgical intervention. Results and discussion. It was found that post-infarction VSR is more common in men in the age range of 45-74 years after the manifestation of the first transmural AMI. More than a half of post-infarction VSR cases (56.7%) are associated with anterior localization of the ruptures in consequence of anterior AMI. Since the leading role in the treatment of AMI belongs to percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), we analyzed the use of various reperfusion techniques to restore coronary blood flow in patients with post-infarction VSR. The analysis suggests that there are no statistically significant differences between the studied groups of patients with post-infarction VSR who underwent myocardial reperfusion (p = 0.103). Conclusions. The presence of chronic renal failure (CRF) in patients in the early post-infarction period can complicate the course of post-infarction VSR and affect perihospital mortality. The absence or untimeliness of myocardial reperfusion increases the risk of developing this complication of AMI. The ambiguous prognosis of treatment of post-infarction VSR makes a serious problem for clinicians.
IMPROVING ENGLISH VOCABULARIES THROUGH DERIVATIONAL MORPHEME
Authors: Afri Evan , Putra Surya Hendra
Published: December 2021

This research aims to improve students' vocabulary acquisition through the strategy of deriving suffixes. The populations of this study are students from Politeknik Ganesha Medan in second semester. This research was conducted through Applied Classroom Action Research (CAR), born in two cycles (cycle 1 and cycle 2), and each process consisted of four meetings. The vocabulary test results showed that the average improvement score of the pre-test was 34.66, the post-test of period 1 was 93.46, and the post-test of period 2 was 97.33. In the first cycle, the nominal comparison rate was 88.83%, the verb nature was 77.46%, the adjective nature was 40.74%, and the adverbial heart was 84.14%. In cycle 2, the nominal comparison rate was 100%, the verb nature was 95.45%, the adjective nature was 65.84%, and the adverbial nature was 94.91%. The proportion of students who passed Minimal Criterion Mastery in each cycle was 100%, cycle 1 increased by 169.64%, and cycle 2 increased by 180.81%. These indicate that there is a significant improvement of the students’ vocabulary mastery through derivational morpheme strategy of the students of Politeknik Ganesha Medan.
THE ABILITY TO EXPLORE TEXT DRAMA IN ENGLISH WITH THE CIRC (COOPERATIVE, INTEGRATED, READING AND COMPOSITION)
Authors: Gurusinga Mona Fitri , Rosaulina Meta , Batubara Saiful , Simanjuntak Afrilius
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the effects of the use of the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) Model on the Students' Ability to analyze the content and language of drama reading at SMA Bina Guna Tanah Jawa Balimbing, Kec. Tanah Jawa, Simalungun Regency in 2020/2021. This research was conducted based on  5 classes with a total population of class , of 160 students. From the population, a sample of 32 students was assigned to one class, selected by cluster sampling, namely class XI IPA 1. The data collection technique was used to measure students’ learning outcomes in the form of assignment questions carried out on the pretest and posttest. The data analysis technique used is normality test using F test, homogeneity test and hypothesis testing using t test. The hypothesis in this study was tested by t-test at a significant level = 0.05. From the calculation of the data it was seen that  t-count t-table (10.3722000). Thus the null hypothesis is that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. From the results, it can be concluded that the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) Model can improve students’ learning outcomes in analyzing the content and language of drama.