bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Molecular Imprinting Techniques Used for Fabrication of Electrochemical Sensor of Olaparib
Authors: Kaya S. Irem , Majidian Mahsa , Ozcelikay-Akyildiz Goksu , Cetinkaya Ahmet , Topal Burcu Dogan , Atici Esen Bellur , Ozkan Sibel A.
Published: September 2023

This study reported the molecular imprinting process investigated by two techniques: photopolymerization (PP) and thermal polymerization (TP). These techniques were integrated with an electrochemical sensor to determine the new generation anticancer drug Olaparib (OLP), which is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor with high sensitivity and selectivity. The PP-MIP film was formed by PP, while TP-MIP film was formed by TP on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). In the PP-MIP(OLP)/GCE sensor, which was developed using PP, 4-aminobenzoic acid (4-AB) as a functional monomer was designed, and obtained in the presence of basic monomer (HEMA, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), crosslinker (EGDMA, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate), and initiator (2-hydroxy-2-methyl propiophenone) by keeping it under a UV lamp at 365 nm. For TP-MIP(OLP)/GCE was obtained by using a mixture of 4-AB as a functional monomer, NH3 solution, surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS): ethanol (1:1, v/v) and keeping it in an oven at 50 °C for 40 min. After each process, the GCE surfaces were characterized via scanning electron microscope and electrochemical techniques (cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy). The required optimization studies were performed for both techniques. After obtaining the optimum MIP-integrated electrochemical sensors, the analytical performances of PP-MIP(OLP)/GCE and TP-MIP(OLP)/GCE were evaluated, and the validation parameters were compared. The linear ranges of PP-MIP(OLP)/GCE and TP-MIP(OLP)/GCE are 0.1–1 nM. The PP-MIP(OLP)/GCE and TP-MIP(OLP)/GCE were applied to commercial serum samples and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The selectivity of proposed sensors was also proven using similar structures of OLP through imprinting factor. The results show that the proposed PP-MIP(OLP)/GCE and TP-MIP(OLP)/GCE sensors have good selectivity, high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. The determination of OLP was achieved with these electrochemical sensors for the first time.
Increasing Volumetric Capacity Diminishes Rate Performance in Li-Ion Battery Electrodes
Authors: Horváth Dominik V. , Nicolosi Valeria , Coleman Jonathan N.
Published: September 2023

Combining high-capacity electrodes with good rate performance is essential for maximising both energy and power density in Li-ion batteries. While much effort has been dedicated to increasing both capacity and rate performance, little consideration has been made as to how an increase in specific or volumetric capacity might directly affect rate performance. Here, we quantitatively examine the relationship between the volumetric capacity of Li-storing electrodes and their rate performance using graphite/boron-nitride composite electrodes with a range of compositions as a model system. The rate performance of these cells is evaluated by fitting capacity vs rate curves to a semi-empirical equation and extracting a characteristic charge/discharge time. As graphite content and so electrode capacity are increased, we observe a linear, threefold increase of this characteristic time, representing a significant degradation in rate performance. This shows that capacity and rate performance are anti-correlated, an observation is consistent with the predictions of a simple physical model which shows this effect to be associated with the RC charging time of the electrode. Using no adjustable parameters, we find excellent agreement between the model and our experimental data.
Unravelling Thermal and Enthalpy Evolutions of Commercial Sodium-Ion Cells upon Cycling Ageing via Fiber Optic Sensors
Authors: Huang Jiaqiang , Delacourt Charles , Desai Parth , Gervillié-Mouravieff Charlotte , Albero Blanquer Laura , Tan Ruifeng , Tarascon Jean-Marie
Published: September 2023

Battery ageing is inevitable for chemistry of any kind and still occupies a central place in battery research and development. However, the operando monitoring of battery ageing under real working conditions remains largely unexplored. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of using fiber Bragg grating sensors to operando monitor the thermal (temperature and heat) evolutions of commercial 18650 sodium-ion cells during long-term cycling ageing. With the delicate heat deconvolution, the evolutions of entropy and overpotential heat rates upon the cycling ageing are decoded, while the ageing-driven changes in overpotential components are further analysed. Drawing also on thermodynamics, high-resolution enthalpy profiles are computed from operando heat and voltage profiles, enabling to track and unravel redox variations during the cycling ageing. Collectively, this work shows that fiber optic sensors are essential tools for operando deciphering cell ageing and offer tremendous opportunities for academia and industry alike.
The Effect of Explicit Strategy Instruction on Students’ Reading Comprehension Performance of Ethiopian Secondary School Students
Authors: Wendaferew Desta , Damtew Abebe
Published: September 2023

Despite the importance of strategy instruction in improving learners’ reading ability, several issues remain unresolved in literature. This study investigated the effect of explicit reading strategy instruction on improving grade 11 English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ reading comprehension performance. Additionally, it attempted to see whether male or female students performed better in reading comprehension after the intervention. The quasi-experimental pre- and post-test research design was employed. Eighty-two grade 11 students from two intact classes of Kokebe Tsibah General Secondary School were randomly assigned as an experimental (EG) and control (CG) groups. While 40 students were assigned to the control, 42 (19 male and 23 female) students were assigned to the EG. The EG received explicit reading strategy instruction embedded into their English reading activities using the Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach. While classroom observation was carried out for follow-up purposes, the reading comprehension test was used as a main data-gathering tool. The data were analyzed using percentages, means, and t-tests. The independent sample t-test results showed a significant difference in reading comprehension test scores between the CG and EG after the intervention. On the other hand, the independent sample t-test analysis indicated that there were no significant differences between male and female students in their post-test results. Finally, it was concluded that students’ reading comprehension can be improved if they are explicitly taught various reading strategies (RSs). Therefore, it is recommended that EFL teachers in Ethiopian secondary schools could consider incorporating explicit instruction of different RSs during teaching reading.
Analysis of Eavesdropping Region in Hybrid mmWave-Microwave Wireless Systems
Authors: Qu Qianyue , Zhang Yuanyu , Kasahara Shoji
Published: September 2023

Hybrid communication systems, where millimeter-wave (mmWave) links coexist with microwave links, have been an essential component in the fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks. Nevertheless, the open feature of the wireless medium makes hybrid systems vulnerable to eavesdropping attacks. Eavesdroppers in hybrid communication systems can enhance their attack performance by opportunistically eavesdropping on mmWave or microwave links. This paper, therefore, aims to answer a natural question: in which region do eavesdroppers prefer the mmWave links? To this end, we first formulate this question as an eavesdropping region characterization problem from the physical layer security perspective, where eavesdroppers select the link to eavesdrop based on the ratio between the security performances of the mmWave and microwave links. To model the security performances of both the mmWave and microwave links, we derive closed-form expressions for the secrecy outage probabilities and lower bounds/exact expressions for the secrecy rates of both links. Finally, we provide numerical results to validate our theoretical analysis and also illustrate the mmWave eavesdropping region under various network parameter settings.
Modes of Atmospheric Energetics Based on HadGEM3-GC3.1-LL Simulations in the Framework of CMIP6
Authors: Michaelides Silas
Published: September 2023

In this study, the focus is on investigating how different climate scenarios, as they have been adopted in Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), can lead to different regimes in the energetics components in Lorenz’s energy cycle, hence impacting the “working rate” of the climate system, which is considered as a “heat engine.” The four energy forms on which this investigation is based on are the zonal and eddy components of the available potential and kinetic energies. The permissible correspondingly considered transformations between these forms of energy are also studied. Generation of available potential energy and dissipation of kinetic energy complete the Lorenz energy cycle that is adopted here. In the CMIP6 approach, the results of different climate change analyses were collected in a matrix defined by two dimensions: climate exposure as characterized by a radiative forcing or temperature level and socioeconomic development as classified by the pathways, known as Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). The basis of the calculations in this study is the climatic projection produced by the HadGEM3-GC3.1-LL climatic model in the period from 2015 to 2100. In this respect, the results are presented in terms of time projections of the energetics components under different SSPs. The results have shown that the different SSPs yield diverse energetics regimes, consequently impacting on Lorenz energy cycle and, hence, a “working rate” of the climate system based on the components of this cycle. In this respect, Lorenz energy cycle projections are presented, under different SSPs. The results are also contrasted to the calculations for the historical period 1929 to 2014 as this is simulated by the same climatic model.
Performance Evaluation of Bacterial Consortia from Low-Permeability Reservoir in Ordos Basin
Authors: Bian Ziwei , Zhi Zena , Zhang Xiangchun , Qu Yiqian , Wei Lusha , Wu Hanning , Wu Yifei
Published: September 2023

The combination of strains of different species and genera may enhance the effects of single bacteria, surpass the tolerance upper limit, and optimize the viscosity reduction and degradation. In this study, six strains were isolated in low permeability layers of the Ordos Basin and were combined to verify the effect of the consortium strains. The selected single strains have good emulsifying and viscosity-reducing effects, but their degradation components are different. SC4561 (Bacillus cereus), SC4551 (Bacillus sp.), and H-1 (Brevibacillus sp.) form consortium A, and SC4534 (2) (Bacillus sp.), SC4542 (Bacillus licheniformis), and A-3 (Bacillus licheniformis) form consortium B. The performance of the mixed strains was evaluated by the analysis of change in emulsification rate, crude oil composition, viscosity, and the tolerance (temperature, salinity, and pH) through GC-MS, rotational rheometer, and other methods. The results showed that the temperature tolerance of the consortium strains was improved by 5-7°C. Consortium B had higher emulsibility (

E

24

was higher than 40% in average) and viscosity degradation (above 35%), and the crude oil in consortium B has almost no wall adhesion. The components of crude oil that consortia use were still diverse, including both long- and short-chain hydrocarbons. However, the proportion of long-chain n-alkanes is further reduced compared with that of single bacteria, and the highest ratio was reduced by 23.81% (B-ALL). At the same time, they also had effects on aromatic hydrocarbons with complex structures (phenanthrene and phenanthrene). This research confirms the enhanced effect of consortium bacteria on single bacteria, facilitating the implementation of microbial enhanced oil recovery technology in the future.
Design and Implementation of a Novel Radar Cross Section Reduction Metasurface Covering 12.5-17.4 GHz and 20.5-36.2 GHz
Authors: Yu Mei-Lin , Hou Xi , Zhou Yong-Hong
Published: September 2023

Based on the theory of polarization conversion, this paper designs and implements two electromagnetic units with a 180-degree reflection phase difference in the range of 10-40 GHz. By coding and optimizing the spatial arrangement of the two basic units to obtain a metasurface, which makes the incident electromagnetic waves reflect diffusely, the energy in a single beam direction is reduced to realize the reduction of the radar cross section (RCS). The full wave simulated and experimental results of the reduction of the RCS of the metasurface have been presented. The RCS of the proposed metasurface can be reduced by more than 10 dB in the two broadband bands of 12.5-17.4 GHz and 20.5-36.2 GHz, and the maximum reduction can reach 26 dB, compared with a metallic surface of the same size. In addition, the optimized metasurface can also maintain a good reduction effect under oblique incident wave directions of 30, 45, 60, and 70 degrees. A very good agreement between simulation and measurement results is observed.
Corotational Finite Element Dynamic Analysis of Space Frames with Geometrically Nonlinear Behavior Based on Tait–Bryan Angles
Authors: Elerian Ahmed A. H. , Shebl Saiid A. , Elkaranshawy Hesham A.
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study is to compose a corotational finite element formulation for space frames with geometrically nonlinear behavior under dynamic loads. Using a moving frame through three successive rotations similar to Euler angles is one of the oldest techniques; however, there are still some gaps that require attention, mainly due to singularity. Hence, alternative techniques had been developed, sometimes elusive and computationally expensive. In this paper, we went back to the old technique and filled the gaps. Three-coordinate systems are used, i.e., the fixed global coordinate system, the fixed local coordinate system that is attached individually to every element, and the corotational local frame for each element that moves and rotates with the element. The deformation is always small relative to the corotational frame. The successive rotations between different coordinate systems are expressed using Tait–Bryan angles. Lagrange’s equation is used to derive the equation of motion, and the stiffness and mass matrices are obtained using the Euler–Bernoulli beam model. A MATLAB code is developed based on the Newton–Raphson method and the Newmark direct integration implicit method. In traditional techniques, singularity is attained when any rotation angle in the fixed local frame approaches

π
/
2

, and if any is greater than

π
/
2

, the techniques could fail to specify the location of the element. In this paper, each case is treated with a proper procedure, and special handling of trigonometric formulations prevents singularity and correctly specifies the location of elements in all situations. Different examples of beams and frames are analysed. While the method is not intricate, it is timesaving, is highly effective, provides more stable and robust analysis, and gives sufficiently accurate results. Compared to the parametrization of the finite rotations technique, the method has a significant reduction in the convergence rate because it avoids the storage of joint orientation matrices.
Development and Validation of an UHPLC-MS/MS Method for Quantification of DMAG in Rat Plasma and Its Application in a Preliminary Pharmacokinetic Study in Thrombocytopenia Rats
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Yuqing , Zhao Zhiqiang , Li Yunxia , Peng Cheng , Wu Jianming
Published: September 2023

A preliminary study has shown that 3, 8-Di-O-methylellagic acid 2-O-glucoside (DMAG), an ellagic tannin from Sanguisorba officinalis L., has the potential in relieving thrombocytopenia. However, there is a lack of information on the pharmacokinetics of DMAG in thrombocytopenia rats. Therefore, we aimed to establish a simple, rapid, and sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method for quantifying DMAG and study its pharmacokinetic behavior in this study. DMAG and hispidulin (internal standard, IS) were separated on an Acquity Shim-pack GIST column using 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile as the mobile phase with a total run time of 5 min and gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The recovery and matrix effects of DMAG were within 94.85%–100.40% and 94.55%–102.46%, respectively. The intraday RSD and interday RSD were between 3.31% and 13.19%, accuracy RE was ≤6.69%, and stability RSD changes were 3.38%–8.78%. As for intragastric administration, with shortened Tmax (3.00 vs. 2.16 h), Cmax (25.67 vs. 35.38 ng/mL) was added for a 2 mg/kg dose after the establishment of the thrombocytopenia rat model. Relative to normal rats treated with 4 mg/kg, in thrombocytopenia rats treated with the same dose, Cmax (49.13 vs. 67.78 ng/mL), AUC(0–t) (234.60 vs. 318.17 ng·h/mL), and AUC(0–∞) (322.74 vs. 498.57 ng h/mL) increased, MRT (18.15 vs. 26.32 h) prolonged, Tmax (3.00 vs. 2.33 h) shortened, and CL/F (12746.50 vs. 8093.50 mL/h/kg) reduced. As for intravenous administration, Cmax (1679.54 ng/mL), AUC(0–t) (589.02 g·h/mL), and AUC(0–∞) (605.58 g·h/mL) were significantly increased in thrombocytopenia rats than that in normal rats (743.76 ng/mL for Cmax, 242.46 g·h/mL for AUC(0–t), and 245.19 g·h/mL for AUC(0–∞)). Vz/F and CL/F were remarkably decreased from 343196.86 to 194659.43 mL/kg for Vz/F and 8236.18 to 3326.01 mL/h/kg for CL/F with the model establishment, respectively. Overall, we successfully developed a reliable UHPLC-MS/MS method for determining DMAG levels in rat plasma. The pharmacokinetic difference could be attributed to the pathological state of the thrombocytopenia rats, which may affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of DMAG. These findings lay the foundation for further evaluating the clinical efficiency and safety of DMAG in the treatment of thrombocytopenia.
Therapeutic Promises of Plant Metabolites against Monkeypox Virus: An In Silico Study
Authors: Banik Anik , Ahmed Sheikh Rashel , Shahid Sonia Binte , Ahmed Tufayel , Tamanna Hafaza Khandaker , Marma Hlamrasong
Published: September 2023

The monkeypox virus was still spreading in May 2022, with the first case identified in a person with travel ties to Nigeria. Using molecular docking-based techniques, we evaluated the efficiency of different bioactive chemicals obtained from plants against the monkeypox virus. A total of 56 plant compounds were evaluated for antimonekypox capabilities, with the top four candidates having a higher binding affinity than the control. We targeted the monkeypox profilin-like protein, which plays a key role in viral replication and assembly. Among the metabolites, curcumin showed the strongest binding affinity with a value of −37.43 kcal/mol, followed by gedunin (−34.89 kcal/mol), piperine (−34.58 kcal/mol), and coumadin (−34.14 kcal/mol). Based on ADME and toxicity assessments, the top four substances had no negative impacts. Furthermore, four compounds demonstrated resistance to deformability, which was corroborated by normal mode analysis. According to the bioactivity prediction study, the top compound target class was an enzyme, membrane receptor, and oxidoreductase. Furthermore, the study discovered that wortmannin, a gedunin analogue, can behave as an orthopoxvirus. The study found that these bioactive natural drug candidates could potentially work as monkeypox virus inhibitors. We recommended further experimental validation to confirm the promising findings of the study.
Enhanced Precision in Dam Crack Width Measurement: Leveraging Advanced Lightweight Network Identification for Pixel‐Level Accuracy
Authors: Wu Zihao , Tang Yunchao , Hong Bo , Liang Bingqiang , Liu Yuping
Published: September 2023

In dam engineering, the presence of cracks and crack width are important indicators for diagnosing the health of dams. The accurate measurement of cracks facilitates the safe use of dams. The manual detection of such defects is unsatisfactory in terms of cost, safety, accuracy, and the reliability of evaluation. The introduction of deep learning for crack detection can overcome these issues. However, the current deep learning algorithms possess a large volume of model parameters, high hardware requirements, and difficulty toward embedding in mobile devices such as drones. Therefore, we propose a lightweight MobileNetV2_DeepLabV3 image segmentation network. Furthermore, to prevent interference by noise, light, shadow, and other factors for long‐length targets when segmenting, the atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) module parameters in the DeepLabV3+ network structure were modified, and a multifeature fusion structure was used instead of the parallel structure in ASPP, allowing the network to obtain richer crack features. We collected the images of dam cracks from different environments, established segmentation datasets, and obtained segmentation models through network training. Experiments show that the improved MobileNetV2_DeepLabV3 algorithm exhibited a higher crack segmentation accuracy than the original MobileNetV2_DeepLabV3 algorithm; the average intersection rate attained 83.23%; and the crack detail segmentation was highly accurate. Compared with other semantic segmentation networks, its training time was at least doubled, and the total parameters were reduced by more than 2 to 7 times. After extracting cracks through the semantic segmentation, we proposed to use the method of inscribed circle of crack outline to calculate the maximum width of the detected crack image and to convert it into the actual width of the crack. The maximum relative error rate was 11.22%. The results demonstrated the potential of innovative deep learning methods for dam crack detection.
Influence of Fiber Orientation on the Shear Properties of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Reactive Powder Concrete Beams
Authors: Yang Kejia , Li Kunliang , Lin Yiwei
Published: September 2023

Steel fiber-reinforced reactive powder concrete (SFRPC) has good mechanical properties and is thus useful for engineering applications. Generally, the fibers in SFRPC are randomly distributed. To study the effects of the amount, length, and orientation of steel fibers on the shear strength of SFRPC beams, nonreinforced aligned steel fiber-reinforced reactive powder concrete (ASFRPC) beams were prepared using a large-scale electromagnetic field orientation device. Shear tests of specimens with a shear span ratio of 1.5 were performed under two fiber contents (1.0% and 2.0%) and three fiber lengths (20, 30, and 40 mm). The full-field strain during the loading process was obtained via the digital image correlation method, and the effects of fiber quantity and orientation on the shear strength of the beams were analyzed. The ASFRPC beams exhibited higher ductility but lower shear capacity than the SFRPC beams under the same conditions. The shear capacity increased with the quantity of steel fibers. According to the test results, the calculation formulas of the shear-bearing capacities of ASFRPC and SFRPC beams were established.
Invisible Crimes: Accountability for Crimes against Migrants in Libya
Authors: Raimondo Giulia
Published: September 2023

The systematic lack of accountability for migrant rights violations occurring in the context of migration control and other deterrence measures has been contested in theory and practice. While the scholarship has explored various accountability venues above and beyond international refugee law and within specialised regimes, new litigation strategies have accountability across multiple judicial and quasi-judicial fora at national and international levels. Against the background of this multilevel litigation strategy, international criminal law has emerged as a new site for accountability for violence against migrants at the borders of Europe. Starting from the Libyan case study, this article will examine the potential of international criminal law in the struggle for accountability for migrant rights violations. It will discuss whether and how qualifying migrant rights violations as crimes against humanity can illuminate certain aspects of violence against migrants at the borders of Europe while concretely challenging and addressing contemporary contactless forms of migration deterrence.
Warum sich doch sinnvoll über Geschmack streiten lässt
Authors: Dammel Aline
Published: September 2023

When we use so-called predicates of personal taste to talk about an object, we express our subjective experience of the object. There is no objective truth about whether a given thing is, say, funny. I shall argue that it can make sense to argue about matters of taste anyway because (a) there are good reasons to want to change our interlocutor’s relevant experience, and (b) disputes about taste can bring about such a change. These reasons can be moral or political. My argument serves to connect debates in the philosophy of language, social epistemology, and ideology theory in illuminating ways.
A New Study on Two Yellow Coffins at the Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli (MANN)
Authors: Mainieri Stefania
Published: September 2023

The article focuses on the results obtained from the investigation of two yellow coffins in the Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli (MANN; inv. nos. 2344, 2348; 2341, 2347), which were sold to the Real Museo Borbonico by the traveller Giuseppe Picchianti in 1827.

Although first studied in 1989, a new and in-depth study on painting and typology of these objects was made in 2016 on the occasion of the rearrangement of the per- manent display. Starting with a detailed analysis and a precise description of the coffins, issues surrounding their provenance and chronology have now been updated. Furthermore, it was also necessary to investigate some unclear iconographical and structural details on the coffins, an examination that suggested, on the one hand an ancient reuse of one of the two coffins and, on the other hand, the possible production of both coffins by a possible common draftsman.
A Treasure of Lustrewares from Ghazni (Afghanistan, Mid-12th–Early 13th Century)
Authors: Fusaro Agnese , Allegranzi Viola
Published: September 2023

In 1957, eight intact and well-preserved lustre-painted ceramics were found in a cache during the excavation of a private residence at Ghazni by the Italian Archaeological Mission in Afghanistan. The lustre-painted stonepaste specimens were retrieved from a sealed archaeological context. They were certainly imported from Iran between the mid-12th and the early 13th century and therefore constitute an exceptional example of a collection of lustrewares assembled shortly after their production date. However, the vessels remain understudied and got lost during the second half of the 20th century, as it happened to many other finds from the same site. For the first time, the present paper offers a thorough analysis of this lot, its stylistic and epigraphic features, based on the graphic and photographic documentation dating from the time of the excavation and on extensive comparisons with specimens kept in international collections.
On the Dissemination of Buddhist Tantras in Tibet. A Historical Introduction
Authors: Orofino Giacomella
Published: September 2023

This study outlines the phases of dissemination and development of the Buddhist tantras in Tibet. Analysing the earliest imperial catalogues, we trace, among the Buddhist scriptures that were translated from Sanskrit and Chinese into Tibetan, the first tantric texts that spread to Tibet. We then examine the doxographies and the classifications of the various categories of tantras conceived by Tibetan scholars over time, which converged in the process of formation and compilation of the different Tibetan canons of the “New” and of the “Ancient” schools. The gter ma phenomenon is analysed, considering it the way in which tantric Buddhist doctrines have been redefined over time, to adapt to various historical changes. Finally we take into consideration the creation of the Bon tantric literature, its classification and organisation in the Bon canon that, despite its development outside the mainstream schools, played an important role in the religious history of Tibet.
A Verse Citation in Idrīs Bidlīsī’s Hašt Bihišt (Book VI)
Authors: Dehqan Mustafa
Published: September 2023

The Hašt Bihišt (The Eight Paradises) by Idrīs Bidlīsī (1457–1520), a huge compendium of Ottoman history in Persian, constitutes a large collection of Arabic and Persian quotations which has survived in the text. This brief note deals with a single citation which has anonymously mentioned in Hašt Bihišt’s unpublished Book VI.
Novel Biomarker Evaluation in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid as Disease Indicators for Peri-Implant Health
Authors: Alsahhaf Abdulaziz , AlHamdan Eman M. , Vohra Fahim , Abduljabbar Tariq , Chaudhry Ziaullah , Kuyunov Isaac
Published: September 2023

Objective: To assess various inflammatory biomarkers CCL-20, BAF, RANK-L, IL-23, and osteoprotegerin from PICF along with clinical parameters in participants with peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Material and Methods: Participants were gathered i.e., 30 with
periimplantitis, 32 with peri-implant mucositis, and 32 healthy. Peri-implant parameters PIPD, BoP, and PIPI were measured in all participants. PICF samples were collected to assess the level of biomarkers CCL-20; BAF; IL-23; RANK-L, and OPG. For periodontal parameters, ranges and means were
measured. Kruskal Wallis test was used for comparison between groups. For categorical data sets, the Pearson Chi-Square test was applied. The Bonferroni test was used for multiple comparisons. Results: Peri-implant parameter BoP in peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis was significantly
higher compared to controls (p < 0.05). PIPD with healthy peri-implant conditions was, significantly less compared to peri-implantitis, and peri-implant mucositis (p<0.05). PIPI demonstrated no significant difference throughout different peri-implant conditions. CCL-20
ng/mL in patients with peri-implant mucositis was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05). BAF levels in peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis were comparable. The concentration of IL-23 ng/mL was found to be significantly lower in healthy controls (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Inflammatory biomarkers showed high levels of PICF in peri-implant disease patients compared to healthy controls. Individuals with peri-implant conditions experience the poor peri-implant probing depth and bleeding on probing.
The Mechanism Study of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs3094165 Regulating the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Modulating NADH Dehydrogenase Ubiquinone Fe–S Protein-1
Authors: Sun Ziyang , Cui Qingsong , Yu Yong , Lin Zhenhua , Jin Guang , Cui Hesong , Yang Enyue
Published: September 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major contributor to global cancer-related mortality, under-scoring the urgent need to identify effective prognostic markers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) play an increasingly important role in predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC.
In this study, a cohort of 637 HCC patients was enrolled, and various online databases were comprehensively surveyed to identify SNPs that potentially impact HCC patient survival. The results of the Cox regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between rs3094165 and poor prognosis
among patients with HCC. Further PSM analysis was also employed to control potential biases, and the results remained consistent. These findings suggest that SNPs can serve as reliable prognostic markers for HCC patients. Then, we conducted functional experiments to explore the molecular mechanism
and confirmed that rs3094165 potentially regulates the progression of HCC by modulating the expression of the NDUFS1. Taken together, our study provides a comprehensive analysis of SNPs associated with HCC prognosis, and highlights the importance of rs3094165 as potential biomarkers for predicting
poor prognosis of HCC patients. Our findings also shed light on the influence of rs3094165 on HCC progression by regulating NDUFS1 expression.
The Combined Effects of Material Surface Chemistry and Vitamin D3 on MC3T3-E1 Cells
Authors: Li Yan , Sun Lijie , Zhou Lin , Ma Yonggang , Liu Mingyuan
Published: September 2023

Separate stimulation by vitamin D3 and material surface chemistry has long witnessed and proved remarkable effects on biological behavior of osteoblasts, but combined stimulation effects of these two have not been reported yet. In this project, the surface of hydroxyl, amino
and methyl groups were constructed by silicon-alkyl self-assembly technology. Then, chemical surfaces were to be integrated with vitamin D3 at different concentrations (10−7 mol/L, 10−8 mol/L, 10−9 mol/L) to stimulate MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts.
It turned out to be quite successful in establishing the research platform for combined stimulation of material surface chemistry and vitamin D3. Meanwhile, indicators such as osteoblast adhesion spots, cytoskeleton formation, proliferation, and differentiation have been fully examined
in the process for us to explore general rules and possible mechanism of combined stimulation effects of these two on early responses of osteoblasts. The results suggest that the combined effects of vitamin D3 and material surface chemistry can induce early responses of osteoblasts
on different material surfaces, with differing response degrees. Combined stimulation of material surface chemistry-vitamin D3 causes adhesion plaque and cytoskeleton differences, leading to different early cell behaviors. These findings will provide a strong theoretical basis for the treatment
of osteoporosis and the construction of tissue-engineered bone models in vitro.
LUNGCAPS-A Novel Hybrid Capsule Networks and Optimized Learning Framework for the Improved Classification of Lung Tumours
Authors: Manimegalai M. , Suresh Kumar P.
Published: September 2023

The development of the intelligent expert system is required mandatorily today for the clinical analysis and to make the accurate diagnosis for disease treatment. Lung cancer diagnosis requires more thorough investigation than other disease processes since it impacts equally men and
women with a higher fatality rate. Images from a computer tomography (CT) scan can give more useful information about a lung cancer’s diagnosis. Using CT scan input images, numerous machine learning as well as deep learning techniques are developed for the improvement of the medical
treatment process. But when it comes to developing a precise and intelligent system, research still has a dark side. This research suggests a brand-new classification model that operates on the principles of optimal learning networks and capsules. Capsule network theory is used into the suggested
framework to enhance classification maps and consequently lower the likelihood of overfitting issues. Additionally, Whale Optimized Feed Forward Layers (WO FFL) have been used in place of the traditional neural network in the suggested study to get the best classification of malignancies in
lung CT scan. The suggested framework’s simulation results demonstrate improved F 1-score (99.98%), specificity (99.96%), sensitivity (99.95%), and accuracy (99.99%). Additionally, the suggested framework’s performance was compared to that of other traditional system, and
several performance metrics indicated that the suggested paradigm outperformed the alternatives.
A Protocol for Large-Scale Isolation of Rat Primary Osteoblasts Suitable for Exosome Extraction
Authors: Si Yuhao , Li Shaoshuo , Guo Yang , Wang Lining , Ma Yong , Yin Heng
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study aims to introduce an optimized method for the large-scale isolation of rat primary osteoblasts, suitable for exosome extraction. Methods: An advancement on the traditional secondary enzyme digestion method, manual bone grinding to clean connective
tissue and ophthalmic cutting into fragments have been replaced with oscillating vortex rinsing and a 14 cm straight head shear in a centrifuge tube to cut bone fragments, significantly reducing the experimental time. The experiment was conducted on forty suckling rats. The experimental time
of both the optimized and traditional methods were compared. The osteoblasts obtained through the optimized method were observed morphologically, identified by Alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining, and their proliferation activity was detected using the EdU method. Sufficient cell
supernatant was collected to extract osteoblast-derived exosomes, identified by employing transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot. Result: The total experimental time of the improved method (5.5±0.17 hours) was significantly shorter
than the traditional method (7.25±0.23 hours) with a notable statistical difference (P <0.001); the osteoblasts obtained by the improved method displayed good growth status. On the seventh day, the cells matured and exhibited positive ALP staining. By the 21st day, mineralized
nodules were formed, and alizarin red staining was positive. The EdU results showed that osteoblasts demonstrated healthy growth at both 24 and 48 hours, with a proliferation rate of (96.2%±1.3%) at 48 hours, slightly higher than that of (94.6%±2.8%) at 24 hours, with no significant
statistical difference (P >0.05); Western blot showed positive results for CD9, CD63, and TSG101, and negative results for Calnexin. Conclusion: The optimized primary osteoblast isolation method can significantly improve experimental efficiency and is suitable for extracting
osteoblast-derived exosomes.
The Influence of Different Pore Sizes of Bovine Bone Scaffold Material on the Oral Microbiota
Authors: Liu Fangchen , Ma Rui , Ma Yidan , Li Geng , Lin Yongsheng , Ma Bin , Xu Lin , Zhou Jianye
Published: September 2023

Bone scaffolds are a kind of bone repair material, but bone scaffold infection is a common and serious clinical problem that has not been well studied in the context of the oral microbiota. We prepared two different bone scaffold materials with different pore sizes from adult and fetal
bovine cancellous bones and compared them with hydroxyapatite (HA) powder. After incubation, we facilitated the initial colonization by the oral microbiota on the three materials by using the saliva of healthy people. Through high-throughput sequencing and analysis, we found that the different
pore sizes of the bone scaffold materials had a certain influence on the initial colonization by the oral microbiota, affecting β-diversity and functional profiles. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and cooccurrence analysis indicated that initial microbial colonization by the oral microbiota
in fetal bone scaffold materials with smaller pore sizes was more likely to cause infection. In addition, there may be some functional bacteria that play an interactive role in early colonization by the oral microflora in bone scaffold materials, such as those of the genera Bacillus
and Lactobacillus.
Optimal Power Quality Control Model of Magnetic Latching Relay for Charging Station Based on Adaline
Authors: Hu Yidan
Published: September 2023

In order to eliminate the internal harmonics of the magnetic latching relay caused by the load input, an ADALINE-based magnetic latching relay power quality optimal control model for charging stations was constructed. Calculate the sampling point of the input signal through the ADALINE
neural network, obtain the error signal between the input signal and the measured signal, use the VSLMS algorithm to continuously adjust the weight value to update the spectrum in real time, detect the harmonics existing in the magnetic latching relay, and use the harmonics. The droop control
strategy calculates the amount of harmonic voltage that needs to be compensated, and participates in the on-off control of the magnetic latching relay by calculating the modulation wave difference formed by the fundamental wave and the harmonic voltage closed loop, eliminating the harmonics
generated by the nonlinear load, and realizing electric energy optimal quality control. The experimental results show that the model can accurately detect and eliminate the internal harmonics of the magnetic latching relay caused by the load input, and has a better control effect on the power
quality of the magnetic latching relay used in the charging station.
Ultracompact Waveguide for an Optical Network-on-Chip with a Vacuum Gap Based on Surface Plasmon Polaritons
Authors: Liang Zhi-Xun , Shi Yun-Ying , Wu Qi-Ming , Yi Yun-Fei , Tang Peng
Published: September 2023

In an optical network-on-chip, optical waveguides play a crucial role in transmitting optical signals. Therefore, it is essential for optical waveguides to have a compact size and low insertion loss. This paper proposes a new type of optical waveguide with a vacuum gap based on surface
plasmon polaritons. By utilizing surface plasmon polariton technology, the proposed waveguide reduces scattering attenuation caused by hybrid surface plasmon polaritons, saves space in the network-on-chip, and enables the integration of more devices on the chip while maintaining an ultracompact
size requirement. Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations and comparisons are performed between a conventional Si waveguide and two types of surface plasmon polariton waveguides. The results demonstrate that the designed waveguide exhibits excellent confinement capabilities even when
the waveguide width is only 100 nm, with an insertion loss of 0.32 dB/μm. The relevant waveguide parameters are studied and optimized, providing a theoretical basis for the development of ultracompact gap surface plasmon polariton waveguides.
Thermodynamic Analyses of the Two-Step Method of CsPbBr3 Crystal Growth for Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ding Xihong , Qian Demeng , Chen Haibin , Wang Zhibin , Fang Kaijie
Published: September 2023

We conducted integrated thermodynamic analyses for the two-step method of CsPbBr3 growth. Deriving from Gibbs free energy and heterogeneous nucleation theory, a thermodynamic reaction model equation was proposed and verified, from which we could find that the grainsizes of
the CsPbBr3 can be precisely controlled by the CsBr concentration. The impact of temperature of the solvent was also studied. Finally, a best cell was fabricated showing a power conversion efficiency of 4.75%, with open circuit voltage of 1.13 V, short circuit current of 6.68 mA/cm2
and fill factor of 63%. Our results will help other researchers to determine the appropriate condition of the growth of CsPbBr3 by the two-step method.
Research Progress in Intelligent Exercise Monitoring Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Gao Jing , Jiang Meiru , Ba Ning , Mao Yupeng
Published: September 2023

The coming of the 5G era in the Internet of Things (IoT) opens progress in cross-sectoral research in multiple disciplines. All physiological indicators of the human body are collected through sensors to provide new ideas for developing innovative sports, wearable devices, and modern
intelligent venues for IoT. Conventional sensors require an external power source and have a limited lifespan and maintenance cost. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), a new self-powered sensing technology that collects mechanical energy from bodily motions, can break through these limitations
and be used in intelligent sports applications. Firstly, TENG can capture kinematic, biochemical, electrophysiological, and tissue dynamics information from the human body. Secondly, the low-frequency mechanical energy of the human body is not only physiological information but can also be
used to power microelectronic devices to transmit big data in sports. In conclusion, we discuss TENG-based wearable sensing systems’ challenges and future opportunities.
Electrical Capacitance Tomography-Based Flow Measurement in a Closed Container Using 16-Electrode Sensor in Contrast with 8-Pair-16-Electrodes Topology
Authors: Ahmed Ghaly Sidi M. , Khan Mohammad Obaidullah , Shalaby M.Y. , Al-Snaie Khaled A. , Ali M. Asad , Faisal B. , Imad Abdulmajeed , Oraiqat Majdi
Published: September 2023

Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) is a commonly used technique to investigate the interior of a pipe by evaluating the coupling capacitances of a multi-electrode assembly. In this article, to improve the performance of the ECT sensor, sesitivity matrix, and hence the image quality,
a typical customized 16-to-8 electrode ECT sensor is proposed, designed, simulated, and implemented in parallel with a standard 16-electrode ECT sensor. The results of both types of sensors are noted and compared to each other. It is evident from the results obtained during this experiment
that the performance of the customized 16-8 electrode ECT sensor is comparatively better and exhibits better quality in its image reconstruction. The percentage of accuracy for the image quality could also be appreciated as compared with the standard 16-electrode ECT sensor. Further, a test
was conducted for both the sensors under similar specifications and conditions to measure the flow of water, and it was found from the images that, for the same flow speed, image clarity is better for the customized 16-8 electrode ECT sensor in comparison with the standard 16-electrode ECT
sensor. These findings may be useful for real time applications in the process industry.
A Comparative Study on the Effect of Different Sintering Temperatures on Structural and Magnetic Properties of Mg–Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles
Authors: Nazir Shoaib , Junaid Muhammad , Zhang Jian-Min , Abbas Numan , Solre Gideon F. B. , Liu Yanting
Published: September 2023

The current study involved the synthesis of magnesium zinc ferrite (Mg0.8Zn0.2Fe1.4Al0.6O4) using the sol–gel method. Various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform
Infrared (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and radiofrequency (RF) induction were utilized to analyze the properties of the synthesized ferrite nanoparticles. The objective was to examine how different sintering temperatures affected the structural and magnetic characteristics of
Mg0.8Zn0.2Fe1.4Al0.6O4. The XRD analysis confirmed the presence of a well-defined single phase crystalline structure with a spinel arrangement. Increasing the annealing temperature resulted in larger nanoparticles, ranging from 28.38 nm
to 30.14 nm. SEM provided information about the morphology, agglomeration, and grain size of the ferrite, revealing a grain size ranging from 326 nm to 485 nm. The FTIR spectroscopy indicated a single-phase spinel structure for the prepared sample. The magnetic properties of the sample were
evaluated using VSM, showing a maximum magnetization of 45.6 emu/gm and the least coercivity of 90 Oe at an annealing temperature of 900 °C. RF induction at a frequency of 108 kHz exhibited superior results for the sample annealed at 900 °C compared to those annealed at 700 °C
and 800 °C. At this frequency, the specific absorption rate (SAR) value was high, making it suitable for magnetic hyperthermia applications. The prepared magnesium zinc ferrite demonstrated suitability for both low and high frequency devices, and it could be employed in various technological
applications, including microwave devices, inductor cores, transformers, and other electronic devices.