bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Patient Experience on Weibo: Machine Learning Approach to Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Chen Xiao , Shen Zhiyun , Guan Tingyu , Tao Yuchen , Kang Yichen , Zhang Yuxia
Published: November 2024

Background

Social media platforms allow individuals to openly gather, communicate, and share information about their interactions with health care services, becoming an essential supplemental means of understanding patient experience.

Objective

We aimed to identify common discussion topics related to health care experience from the public’s perspective and to determine areas of concern from patients’ perspectives that health care providers should act on.

Methods

This study conducted a spatiotemporal analysis of the volume, sentiment, and topic of patient experience–related posts on the Weibo platform developed by Sina Corporation. We applied a supervised machine learning approach including human annotation and machine learning–based models for topic modeling and sentiment analysis of the public discourse. A multiclassifier voting method based on logistic regression, multinomial naïve Bayes, and random forest was used.

Results

A total of 4008 posts were manually classified into patient experience topics. A patient experience theme framework was developed. The accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure of the method integrating logistic regression, multinomial naïve Bayes, and random forest for patient experience themes were 0.93, 0.95, 0.80, 0.77, and 0.84, respectively, indicating a satisfactory prediction. The sentiment analysis revealed that negative sentiment posts constituted the highest proportion (3319/4008, 82.81%). Twenty patient experience themes were discussed on the social media platform. The majority of the posts described the interpersonal aspects of care (2947/4008, 73.53%); the five most frequently discussed topics were “health care professionals’ attitude,” “access to care,” “communication, information, and education,” “technical competence,” and “efficacy of treatment.”

Conclusions

Hospital administrators and clinicians should consider the value of social media and pay attention to what patients and their family members are communicating on social media. To increase the utility of these data, a machine learning algorithm can be used for topic modeling. The results of this study highlighted the interpersonal and functional aspects of care, especially the interpersonal aspects, which are often the “moment of truth” during a service encounter in which patients make a critical evaluation of hospital services.
Digital Solutions for Health Services and Systems Management: Narrative Review of Certified Software Features in the Brazilian Market
Authors: Bellei Ericles Andrei , Domenighi Pedro Rafael , Freitas Carla Maria Dal Sasso , De Marchi Ana Carolina Bertoletti
Published: November 2024

The paper reviews digital solutions for health services management in Brazil, focusing on certified software features. It reveals the integration of various functionalities in operational, financial, and clinical needs simultaneously, which are critical for enhancing operational efficiency and patient care. This study highlights the integration of critical features like interoperability, compliance management, and data-driven decision support, although advancing innovation and integration remains essential for broader impact.
Reporting Guidelines for the Early-Phase Clinical Evaluation of Applications Using Extended Reality: RATE-XR Qualitative Study Guideline (Preprint)
Authors: Vlake Johan H , Drop Denzel LQ , Van Bommel Jasper , Riva Giuseppe , Wiederhold Brenda K , Cipresso Pietro , Rizzo Albert S , Rothbaum Barbara O , Botella Cristina , Hooft Lotty , Bienvenu Oscar J , Jung Christian , Geerts Bart , Wils Evert-Jan , Gommers Diederik , van Genderen Michel E ,   RATE-XR Expert Group
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Extended reality (XR), encompassing technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality, has rapidly gained prominence in health care. However, existing XR research often lacks rigor, proper controls, and standardization.

OBJECTIVE

To address this and to enhance the transparency and quality of reporting in early-phase clinical evaluations of XR applications, we present the “Reporting for the early-phase clinical evaluation of applications using extended reality” (RATE-XR) guideline.

METHODS

We conducted a 2-round modified Delphi process involving experts from diverse stakeholder categories, and the RATE-XR is therefore the result of a consensus-based, multistakeholder effort.

RESULTS

The guideline comprises 17 XR-specific (composed of 18 subitems) and 14 generic reporting items, each with a complementary Explanation & Elaboration section.

CONCLUSIONS

The items encompass critical aspects of XR research, from clinical utility and safety to human factors and ethics. By offering a comprehensive checklist for reporting, the RATE-XR guideline facilitates robust assessment and replication of early-stage clinical XR studies. It underscores the need for transparency, patient-centeredness, and balanced evaluation of the applications of XR in health care. By providing an actionable checklist of minimal reporting items, this guideline will facilitate the responsible development and integration of XR technologies into health care and related fields.
Tracking Implementation Outcomes of an Intensive Case Management Program for HIV: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Mengistu Meron , Tom Kris , Gebremikael Liben , Massaquoi Notisha , Ezezika Obidimma
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Implementation science investigates the processes and factors that influence the successful adoption, implementation, and sustainability of interventions in many settings. Although conventional research places significant emphasis on the advancement and effectiveness of interventions, it is equally imperative to comprehend their performance in practical, real-life situations. Through outcome tracking, implementation science enables researchers to investigate complex implementation dynamics and go beyond efficacy, identifying the various aspects that contribute to the success of interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the implementation outcomes of TAIBU’s intensive case management (ICM) model tailored for African, Caribbean, and Black communities living with HIV in the Greater Toronto Area. Specifically, it seeks to assess the fidelity, reach, and sustainability of the ICM program. Fidelity monitoring will ensure adherence to program protocols and consistency in service delivery, essential for achieving desired health outcomes. Reach assessment will examine the program’s capacity to reach the target population, including demographic coverage and engagement levels among African, Caribbean, and Black individuals. Sustainability assessment will explore the determinants influencing the longevity and impact of the ICM program.

METHODS

The study uses a mixed methods approach, where we will use probing questionnaires, interviews, and focus-group discussions to gather program performance and engagement data, in-depth insights, and perspectives from the implementation team responsible for delivering the ICM intervention. The collected fidelity and reach data through questionnaires will be analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques, such as descriptive statistics, to summarize the responses and identify patterns and trends within the data. Sustainability data collected through the interviews and focus groups will be analyzed and organized based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, which provides an organized way to identify and comprehend the determinants influencing implementation outcomes.

RESULTS

The study commenced in January 2024, and initial data collection is expected to be completed by December 2024. As of September 2024, we have enrolled 5 participants.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will significantly contribute to improving the implementation of the ICM program. By conducting a study in an organizational or institutional setting, researchers can acquire valuable insights into the implementation process from those who are directly involved. The information gathered will inform strategies for improving implementation effectiveness; removing impediments; and enhancing the overall quality of the ICM program for African, Caribbean, and Black individuals living with HIV.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/57452
Auxiliary Diagnosis of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Using Eye-Tracking and Digital Biomarkers: Case-Control Study (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Zhongling , Li Jinkai , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wu Dan , Huo Yanyan , Yang Jianxin , Zhang Musen , Dong Chuanfei , Jiang Luhui , Sun Ruohan , Zhou Ruoyin , Li Fei , Yu Xiaodan , Zhu Daqian , Guo Yao , Chen Jinjin
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in school-aged children. The lack of objective biomarkers for ADHD often results in missed diagnoses or misdiagnoses, which lead to inappropriate or delayed interventions. Eye-tracking technology provides an objective method to assess children’s neuropsychological behavior.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop an objective and reliable auxiliary diagnostic system for ADHD using eye-tracking technology. This system would be valuable for screening for ADHD in schools and communities and may help identify objective biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis of ADHD.

METHODS

We conducted a case-control study of children with ADHD and typically developing (TD) children. We designed an eye-tracking assessment paradigm based on the core cognitive deficits of ADHD and extracted various digital biomarkers that represented participant behaviors. These biomarkers and developmental patterns were compared between the ADHD and TD groups. Machine learning (ML) was implemented to validate the ability of the extracted eye-tracking biomarkers to predict ADHD. The performance of the ML models was evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation.

RESULTS

We recruited 216 participants, of whom 94 (43.5%) were children with ADHD and 122 (56.5%) were TD children. The ADHD group showed significantly poorer performance (for accuracy and completion time) than the TD group in the prosaccade, antisaccade, and delayed saccade tasks. In addition, there were substantial group differences in digital biomarkers, such as pupil diameter fluctuation, regularity of gaze trajectory, and fixations on unrelated areas. Although the accuracy and task completion speed of the ADHD group increased over time, their eye-movement patterns remained irregular. The TD group with children aged 5 to 6 years outperformed the ADHD group with children aged 9 to 10 years, and this difference remained relatively stable over time, which indicated that the ADHD group followed a unique developmental pattern. The ML model was effective in discriminating the groups, achieving an area under the curve of 0.965 and an accuracy of 0.908.

CONCLUSIONS

The eye-tracking biomarkers proposed in this study effectively identified differences in various aspects of eye-movement patterns between the ADHD and TD groups. In addition, the ML model constructed using these digital biomarkers achieved high accuracy and reliability in identifying ADHD. Our system can facilitate early screening for ADHD in schools and communities and provide clinicians with objective biomarkers as a reference.
Pengembangan Aplikasi AR Cinurawa untuk Agen Pengembang Properti Perumahan
Authors: Akasyah Moh Herlambang , Pratomo Dinar Nugroho
Published: November 2024

Industri perumahan telah mengalami pertumbuhan yang signifikan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Peningkatan dalam performa industri properti tidak berimbang dengan penerapan teknologi yang mengakibatkan pembelian rumah masih dapat menimbulkan kebingungan dan beban bagi banyak konsumen. Aktivitas transaksi properti perumahan yang memerlukan banyak sumber daya seringkali tidak efisien. Perkembangan teknologi perangkat keras saat ini memungkinkan komputasi untuk menampilkan objek 3D dapat dilakukan dengan mudah. Kemudahan dalam pembuatan model 3D pada komputer dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memberikan gambaran yang lebih detail tentang rumah yang akan ditransaksikan, tanpa harus menunggu pembangunan rumah sampel dari agen industri perumahan. Model 3D rumah yang telah dibuat dapat disampaikan kepada calon pembeli melalui berbagai cara, salah satunya menggunakan teknologi augmented reality (AR) berbasis Android. Aplikasi AR ini menggunakan metode Marker-Based dan dikembangkan menggunakan Unity dan Vuforia. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan aplikasi augmented reality dapat membantu dalam pemasaran properti perumahan. Aplikasi ini memberikan pengalaman yang lebih interaktif dan memudahkan calon pembeli untuk memahami dengan lebih jelas tentang properti yang ditawarkan. AR memungkinkan calon pembeli melihat model 3D rumah secara nyata melalui perangkat mobile mereka. Aplikasi AR ini memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dalam pemasaran properti perumahan.
Implementasi Web Application Firewall (WAF) pada Aplikasi Fishku Berbasis Google Cloud Armor
Authors: Widiyono Nabila Apriliana , Oktiawati Unan Yusmaniar
Published: November 2024

Keamanan Aplikasi Website menjadi isu mendesak dalam era digital yang semakin kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan layanan keamanan Google Cloud Armor pada Google Cloud Platform dalam melindungi Aplikasi Website Fishku, khususnya terhadap 3 (tiga) jenis serangan Local File Inclusion (LFI), Vulnerability Scanner, dan Protocol Attack. Keamanan Aplikasi Website memiliki peran yang sangat penting mengingat meningkatnya serangan siber yang dapat mengancam integritas dan kerahasiaan data pengguna. Penelitian ini menggunakan Aplikasi Website "Fishku" sebagai subjek uji coba. Pengujian dilakukan sebelum dan setelah penerapan Google Cloud Armor, dengan menggunakan laptop sebagai alat dan sistem operasi Kali Linux yang telah dilakukan instalasi pada VirtualBox untuk menguji keberhasilan perlindungan yang diberikan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga melibatkan konfigurasi Load Balancer dan pemanfaatan fitur Alerts untuk mendeteksi serangan potensial. Analisis data metric juga dilakukan untuk memantau kinerja sistem secara lebih komprehensif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Google Cloud Armor berhasil melindungi Aplikasi Website "Fishku" dari serangan tersebut dan mengungkapkan keberhasilan perlindungan dalam keamanan dan kinerja sistem. Dampak dari penelitian ini penting dalam konteks pengembangan Aplikasi Website yang aman, dengan Google Cloud Armor sebagai solusi yang layak dipertimbangkan. Dalam kesimpulannya, penelitian ini memberikan pandangan penting mengenai perlunya perlindungan pada Aplikasi Website dan memberikan pandangan bagaimana Google Cloud Armor dapat menjadi solusi dalam mengatasi ancaman siber. Implikasi lebih luas dari hasil penelitian ini dapat membentuk landasan untuk perkembangan keamanan Aplikasi Website di masa depan.
Десятая "Микроэлектроника" и телеком
Authors: Попов С.А.
Published: November 2024

23−27 сентября 2024 года на площадке Университета "Сириус" (Федеральная территория "Сириус") состоялся 10-й Российский форум "Микроэлектроника 2024", который собрал свыше 3500 участников. В этом году у форума была и существенная телекоммуникационная составляющая.
DESAFIOS E REFLEXÕES NA FORMAÇÃO DE PEDAGOGOS INDÍGENAS NO SERTÃO DE ALAGOAS
Authors: Farias Rony , Chagas Alexandre
Published: November 2024

Este estudo analisa a formação inicial de educadores indígenas, em especial professores pedagogos, por meio de um evento acadêmico que reuniu cursos de diversas licenciaturas interculturais indígenas em uma universidade pública no semiárido de Alagoas. O objetivo central é refletir sobre os perspectivas e obstáculo para formação da identidade do licenciado em Pedagogia através da participação ativa nas bancas de avaliação de trabalhos de conclusão de curso, o que proporcionou uma imersão nas temáticas apresentadas pelos alunos e nos processos de orientação. A imersão também se deu através da experiência de ministrar uma aula sobre ética na pesquisa científica também ofereceu uma visão prática dos desafios enfrentados pelos futuros educadores. O evento levanta discussões sobre a identidade do pedagogo e a formação dos profissionais que atuam nesse contexto. A pesquisa utilizou a observação participante e análise qualitativa das apresentações de projetos de conclusão de curso, sendo as observações interpretadas à luz das teorias de Libâneo (2001; 2005), Pimenta (2017), Saviani (1996; 2005; 2012), entre outros. Como resultado, conclui-se que o curso de Pedagogia, especialmente na formação de educadores indígenas, enfrenta uma crise de identidade considerável, indicando a urgência de uma reformulação estrutural do curso e espera-se que a inclusão de experiências práticas e reflexivas, como as vivenciadas no evento, possa contribuir para uma formação mais contextualizada, que valorize as especificidades locais e fortaleça a identidade do pedagogo em contextos interculturais, promovendo assim maior impacto na prática educativa junto as comunidades tradicionais indígena.
Guía didáctica para el uso de testimonios y experiencias sobre la guerra civil, posguerra y primer franquismo
Authors: Vázquez-Domínguez Carmen
Published: November 2024

El libro tiene su origen en un proyecto realizado en Andalucía, del Proyecto Nacional de Memoria Histórica 178-MD-2021. En la obra las autoras presentan una guía didáctica para trabajar en la etapa de Educación Secundaria y Bachillerato, permitiendo aproximar al alumnado a un periodo de la historia del país, desde guerra civil española hasta los inicios del franquismo, a través de testimonios de protagonistas vivos de ambos bandos de la contienda.
ENHANCING HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS' NUMERACY SKILLS IN 3D POSITIONING THROUGH AUGMENTED REALITY
Authors: Yuspira Lidia , Agustiani Riza , Zahra Atika , Putri Agustiany Dumeva
Published: November 2024

This study explores a learning trajectory to teach three-dimensional positioning using augmented reality (AR) and assesses students' numeracy literacy skills after using AR-based learning. The research follows a three-stage design research approach: preparation, the design experiment (split into pilot and teaching phases), and retrospective analysis. The study incorporates three AR-based activities in a student worksheet. In the first activity, students observe the AR simulation of a futsal field to identify spatial elements. In the second, they interact with the AR to determine positions in three-dimensional space. In the third, students solve related spatial problems, applying their numeracy skills. The AR-based design aims to enhance students' understanding of three-dimensional positioning for Grade XII high school students and assess improvements in their numeracy literacy through these interactive, structured activities.
LEARNING OBSTACLES ANALYSIS ON MULTIPLICATION OF NATURAL NUMBERS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Rohimah Siti Maryam , Anaya Salma Nur , Putri Sarah Anida , Nurdiansah Yusup
Published: November 2024

This research aims to find learning obstacles students experienced during natural number multiplication lessons in third-grade elementary school. Learning obstacles were obtained from the Respondent Ability Test (RAT) analysis on students who had studied the lessons on multiplication of natural numbers. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method. The subjects were respondents who participated in RAT, namely 22 third-grade elementary school students in Bandung, Indonesia. Data collection techniques use tests, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques include data collection, reduction, display, and conclusion. Learning obstacles found in natural number multiplication lessons are categorized into three types, namely ontogenic, epistemological, and didactical obstacles. Ontogenic obstacles occur when there is a gap in the students' thinking when analyzing concrete to abstract concepts. Epistemological obstacles may occur if students need help to apply the concepts they have learned in the context of story problems. Didactical obstacles happen when the learning carried out by teachers is only procedural, so students only memorize each multiplication result. Therefore, it is essential to analyze these learning obstacles and find the causes as a reference in finding solutions to design future learning tools that prevent these learning obstacles from happening.
STUDENTS' MATHEMATICAL CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS IN SOLVING PISA PROBLEMS: A CASE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Riska Yolanda , Puspaningtyas Nicky Dwi , Hadi Windia
Published: November 2024

This study analyzes students' creative thinking skills in solving PISA questions involving spatial and geometric content. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, selecting three groups of students based on mathematical ability: high, medium, and low. Data were collected through tests, interviews, and documentation. The test consisted of three PISA items designed to assess students' creative thinking indicators: fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The conclusions of this study show that students with high mathematical ability exhibit a high level of creative thinking, as evidenced by the fulfillment of all indicators: fluency, flexibility, elaboration, and originality. Students with moderate mathematical ability demonstrate limited or moderate creative thinking, fulfilling only the fluency and originality indicators, while elaboration and flexibility are not optimal. Students with low mathematical ability fulfill only the originality indicator, with low fluency and elaboration, and do not demonstrate flexibility.
A Subjectivity Study on the Tarot Experience of Coaches: Focusing on the Q methodology
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Gang Su Kyung , Kim Yu-Cheon
Published: November 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to find out the possibility of applying and expanding tarot as a coaching tool by categorizing perceptions by examining the subjectivity of tarot experiences using the Q methodology. This will serve as basic data for the use of tarot coaching in the future in terms of convergence education.
Methods For this purpose, a Q population was constructed through previous studies and interviews, and 40 Q samples were confirmed. A P sample was selected by objective sampling of 34 coaches with tarot experience, and the Q sample was classified and analyzed by principal component factor analysis and varimax method using the PC-QUANL program.
Results As a result of the study the types of perceptions about tarot experiences were classified into a total of 6 types. The first type is ‘tool for customer understanding’, the second type is ‘tool for curiosity stimulation’, the third type is ‘tool for communication and connection’, the fourth type is ‘tool for seeking interaction’, the fifth type is ‘tool for searching unconsciousness’, and the sixth type is ‘assisted tool for decision’.
Conclusions This study examined the possibility of using tarot as a coaching tool through various perceptions of coaches about tarot experience. If the characteristics of each type of study are used, it will be the basis for using tarot separately by coaching target and purpose. In addition, in terms of convergence education, the possibility and significance of the application of tarot coaching were seen. In the future, it is necessary to examine the perception of coaches and the general public who have not experienced tarot.
Paradoxically high rise in CD4 lymphocyte count in the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient with tuberculosis and HIV infection
Authors: Borovitsky V. S. , Frolova O. P.
Published: November 2024

The number of patients with HIV infection in the Russian Federation is increasing, which requires wider implementation of antiretroviral therapy and, accordingly, criteria for assessing its effectiveness.

Purpose of the study. To present for consideration a clinical case of tuberculosis combined with HIV infection, with a paradoxically high increase in the number of CD4 lymphocytes in the inﬂammatory syndrome of immune reconstitution, which does not meet the accepted criteria for assessing the effectiveness of treatment.

Materials and methods. Dynamic monitoring of the results of treatment of a patient with tuberculosis combined with HIV infection. Research methods: clinical, radiological, laboratory and microbiological.

Results and its discussion. In a patient with tuberculosis combined with HIV infection, a paradoxically high increase in the number of CD4 lymphocytes (15 times) is possible with inﬂammatory syndrome of immune restoration, followed by a sharp decrease.

Conclusion. Approaches to developing criteria for assessing the effectiveness of treatment for patients with tuberculosis combined with HIV infection require further research and additional recommendations.
Comparative analysis of socio-demographic characteristics of patients at the acute stage of HIV infection in the period 2008-2013 and 2018-2023
Authors: Obizhaeva E. S. , Sizova N. V. , Leonova O. N. , Chirskaya M. A. , Monakhov N. E. , Sereda E. Zh. , Maiorova S. O.
Published: November 2024

Aim of the study: conducting a comparative analysis of the socio-demographic characteristics of patients with the acute phase of HIV infection at different periods of the epidemic with a difference of 10 years (2008–2013 and 2018–2022).

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 142 inpatient case histories of the Botkin Clinical Hospital and outpatient cards of the St. Petersburg AIDS Center of patients in whom HIV infection was detected in the period from 2008–2013 and 110 outpatient cards of patients in whom HIV infection was detected in 2018–2022 was carried out. A comparative assessment of social and epidemiological data of patients in the acute stage of HIV infection at different periods of the epidemic was carried out.

Results and discussion. The social proﬁle of a person who became infected with HIV in the period 2018–2022 has changed signiﬁcantly compared to the period 10 years ago. The proportion of women has increased from 33% to 38%. The average age has increased from 32.5 to 35.9 years. The parenteral route of infection has signiﬁcantly decreased from 23% to 5%. The percentage of oﬃcially employed people (from 68% to 91%) and those with higher education (from 27% to 45%) has increased.

Conclusion. We conducted a comparative analysis of the socio-demographic characteristics of patients in the acute stage of HIV infection at different periods of the epidemic, as well as those infected in the periods 2008–2013 and 2018–2022. The data obtained indicate signiﬁcant changes in the «portrait» of a person infected at the present stage. The average age of the patient has signiﬁcantly increased. As a rule, this patient is employed and has a good education. All this must be taken into account when carrying out preventive measures.
Analysis of fatal cases of pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV-infected patients with COVID-19
Authors: Kireeva A. V. , Safonova A. E. , Karnaukhova E. Yu. , Karnaukhov E. V. , Lioznov D. A.
Published: November 2024

The aim: to determine the impact of a new coronavirus infection on the course of pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with HIV infection.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 45 medical records of patients who died in the intensive care unit of the S. P. Botkin Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital between March 2020 and January 2023 was conducted. Of the 45 patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia, the new coronavirus infection was also veriﬁed in 26 patients. Anamnestic and clinical data, laboratory and instrumental research results, pathological ﬁndings were compared in groups of patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia with/without co-infection with COVID-19.

Results and discussion. The patient groups were comparable in terms of gender, age, duration of HIV infection, severity of immunodeﬁciency, and intensity of HIV viremia. The main clinical manifestations (fever level, cough, signs of respiratory failure, auscultatory picture in the lungs), as well as the indicators of routine laboratory tests (hemogram, concentration of LDH, CRP, ferritin, D-dimer) did not differ statistically in the groups. The radiological picture of changes in the lungs was similar, as well as the duration of hospital stay (bed days) in the groups did not differ. Analysis of the results of pathological reports showed that in most cases (2⁄3of patients), COVID-19 did not have a signiﬁcant impact on the course and outcome of the disease, being a concomitant pathology. However, in every third patient, signs of viral pneumonia were postmortem along with speciﬁc Pneumocystis cystic lung damage.

Conclusion. COVID-19 coronavirus infection in patients with pneumocystosis does not signiﬁcantly change the clinical picture, laboratory and radiological manifestations of pneumonia and in most cases does not affect its course and outcome. However, in a third of cases, coronavirus pneumonia was the cause of death along with pneumocystis.
HIV-associated non-hodgkin’s lymphomas
Authors: Klimova N. V. , Gaus A. A. , Ramzina A. O. , Bazhukhina I. V.
Published: November 2024

The aim. Analysis of the development of the disease and complications, similarities and differences in clinical and radiation signs of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (diffuse B-large cell lymphoma, Burkitt’s lymphoma, plasmoblastic lymphoma), both in HIV-positive and immunocompetent patients.

Materials and methods. Within the framework of this study, data obtained by radiological examination methods of 125 patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas who were treated in the period from 2016 to 2023 at the hematology department of the Surgut District Hospital were studied and analyzed.

Results and discussion. In the group of patients with HIV infection, complaints upon admission were most often nonspeciﬁc and indicated an inﬂammatory process. HIV-NHL was characterized by: atypical localization, in most cases it was an extranodal lesion; the development of urgent conditions against the background of lymphoma. During the initial examination, HIVNHL was diagnosed at stage 3–4 of the malignant process. During the dynamic observation, a high frequency of secondary infection was noted: tuberculosis, CMV infection and fungal lesions. In the group of immunocompetent patients, the main location of NHL was the lymph nodes of the mediastinal group, the abdominal cavity. The malignant process was diagnosed mainly at 1–2 stages of the disease. The exception in this group was PBL, which in all cases was detected at stage 4 of the disease, was characterized by a large lesion volume, a high frequency of secondary infections and 100% mortality.

Conclusion. When managing patients with HIV-NHL, it is necessary to perform multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) with intravenous contrast, which is highly sensitive, allows clinicians to accurately assess the extent of tumor spread, plan excisional biopsy, and evaluate the results of treatment.
Prevalence of parenteral viral hepatitis B and C markers among migrants in the North-West Federal District
Authors: Serikova E. N. , Ostankova Yu. V. , Anufrieva E. V. , Reingardt D. E. , Schemelev A. N. , Zueva E. B. , Ivanova A. R. , Semenov A. V. , Totolian A. A.
Published: November 2024

The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of serological and molecular biological markers of parenteral viral hepatitis B and C among international migrants in the North-West Federal District (NWFD).

Materials and methods. The study included 537 blood plasma samples obtained from foreign nationals from 46 countries who underwent medical examination to obtain a work permit in the Migration Department of the North-West Federal District. We assayed for the presence of serological (anti-HCV IgG, HBsAg, anti-HBs IgG, anti-HBs IgG) and molecular biological (HCV RNA, HBV DNA) markers.

Results and discussion. More than 80% of the examined citizens belonged to 11 out of 46 represented countries. The analysis revealed 6.1% of persons with anti-HCV IgG antibodies and 2.6% with HBsAg. HCV RNA and HBV DNA were detected in 2.79% and 8.19%, respectively. Among HCV RNA-positive individuals, four (0.74%) were undetectable for anti-HCV. 6.15% of HBsAg-negative hepatitis B patients were detected. The contribution of migrants’ countries of origin to the frequencies of serological and molecular biological markers of hepatitis B and C identiﬁed in the surveyed group is discussed.

Conclusion. The study of migration processes and associated ﬂows of socially signiﬁcant infections plays a key role in controlling the spread of infectious diseases on the territory of the Russian Federation, including the strengthening of the Russian Federation’s strategy for the elimination of viral hepatitis.
THE RIGHT OF PRISONERS ACCORDING TO THE IJARAH 'ALA AL-'AMAL CONTRACT
Authors: Dedi Setiawan  , Teuku Reza Surya
Published: November 2024

Every prisoner has the right to guarantee work safety, wages or premiums from the results of their work. However, at the Lhoknga Class III Penitentiary, the fulfilment of this right is not yet optimal because there are no regulations or laws that determine the nominal amount or percentage of wages that prisoners must receive. Currently, the amount of wages received by inmates is only determined based on the policy of the Head of the local Correctional Institution.  This article aims to explain the wage process applied by the Lhoknga Class III Penitentiary to prisoners, as well as to explain how the wages of prisoners in this institution are determined based on the ijarah 'ala al-'amal agreement. To obtain data, the author used qualitative research methods. The main data was collected through interviews with respondents and informants who were considered to have relevant information regarding the problem under study. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from reading sources such as books, journals, articles and other materials related to this research topic. From the research results, the fulfilment of the right to wages for work has not been optimal. Some prisoners' work activities do not yet receive decent wages, while in other activities, prisoners earn wages of 33% from sales of goods or products.
Investigation of heat generation calculations in numerical modelling of friction stir welding
Authors: Amal V. PURUSHOTHAMAN  , S. MUTHUKUMARAN  , Deepesh VIMALAN
Published: November 2024

Numerical modelling is a powerful tool for understanding the temperature distribution and material flow in Friction Stir Welding (FSW) and Friction Stir Processing (FSP). However, the lack of a suitable framework and difficulty in accurately estimating heat generation are crucial challenges in this area. This paper examined different approaches used by researchers to predict heat generation. Actual experimentation was conducted to ascertain the variation of normal force under different process parameters by varying the tool rotation rate and traverse speed. Investigation revealed that the magnitude of the normal force differs under various experimental conditions. However, most existing numerical models neglect this crucial variation of the normal force. The results necessitate adopting the CEL approach in future studies, as it effectively considers the variation in normal force, which can precisely predict heat generation.
The use of educational robotics in the development of students’ computational thinking and cognitive skills: a systematic literature review
Authors: Ferreira Fernando Paula , Lima Danielli Ara´ujo
Published: November 2024

Educational robotics and computational thinking can improve students’ cognition by stimulating logical reasoning and creative and collaborative problem solving. In this sense, this article presents a systematic review of the literature that investigated the use of educational robotics and computational thinking in the cognitive development of students. 1080 relevant articles were identified in scientific databases and, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 41 articles were selected for more detailed analysis, of which 15 were directly related to the purpose of the review. Most of the investigated studies showed a positive result, indicating that robotics and computational thinking can contribute to improving students’ cognition, stimulating skills such as problem solving, logical reasoning and creativity.
A systematic review of the use of BBC Micro:bit in K-12 Education
Authors: Guarda Graziela Ferreira
Published: November 2024

The technologies as BBC Micro.Bit open up new opportunities for designersmto create innovative forms of interaction based on gestures, body movements or physicalm manipulation of real objects. This paper is a systematic review of the literature (SLR) on the use of BBC Micro:bit in context of K-12 Education. This review included ten studies published from 2019 – 2023. For such, was adopted the Goal, Question, Metrics (GQM) approach as it represents a systematic approach for defining and evaluating a set of operational goals using a measurement in three phases: Planning, Conducting, Reporting. The results showed that the circuit can be used in different contexts and that students and teachers present difficulties in programming and in understanding the hardware suggesting an effective preparation and training on the part of teachers.
O desenvolvimento de habilidades do pensamento computacional: análise dos processos cognitivos à luz da microgênese
Authors: Lago Muriel , Aragón Rosane
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar o desenvolvimento das habilidades do pensamento computacional envolvidas na resolução de problemas em robótica educacional, à luz da microgênese cognitiva de Barbel Inhelder. Para tanto, utilizamos como metodologia o estudo de caso, através do qual apresentamos a resolução de um experimento em robótica educacional. Na análise do estudo, identificamos as habilidades do pensamento computacional envolvidas no processo de resolução de problemas, bem como delineamos o percurso cognitivo microgenético realizado pelo sujeito. Os resultados evidenciam que o desenvolvimento das habilidades do pensamento computacional se dá por meio de processos cognitivos particulares (microgêneses), que possibilitam reconstruções sucessivas por meio de mudanças no curso das ações, a partir de insucessos iniciais. Entendemos que os dados aqui apresentados podem contribuir para o debate sobre o desenvolvimento do pensamento computacional na educação básica.
Uso da Rob´otica na Aprendizagem de Algoritmos com base na Teoria da Carga Cognitiva e na Interac¸ ˜ao Humano-Computador
Authors: Rosário Jacqueline C. T. do , Feio Phelipe L. D. , Mota Marcelle Pereira
Published: November 2024

O ´ındice de evas˜ao e desistˆencia nos cursos que envolvem programac¸˜ao e afins, ainda ´e um grande desafio para as instituic¸ ˜oes. Pesquisas indicam que a dificuldade de aprendizado dos alunos est´a relacionada a carga cognitiva exigida no processo, devido exigir alto esforc¸o, racioc´ınio l´ogico e matem´atico. Te´oricos da d´ecada de 80 j´a descreviam que a aprendizagem de algoritmo e programac¸˜ao n˜ao era uma tarefa simples e f´acil, principalmente para alunos iniciantes. A utilizac¸˜ao de robˆos como artefatos educacionais, tem um grande potencial para prover um ambiente favor´avel ao aprendizado, onde a rob´otica permite trabalhar nas dificuldades dos alunos estimulando suas habilidades e promovendo melhores resultados. A aplicac¸˜ao da rob´otica na aprendizagem de algoritmos pode ser uma abordagem extremamente eficaz para tornar os conceitos de programac¸˜ao mais tang´ıveis e pr´aticos. Desta forma, podemos destacar a rob´otica como uma ferramenta que possibilita aprendizagem compreens´ıvel, favor´avel, dinˆamica e gradual. Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar um estudo da utilizac¸˜ao da rob´otica educacional na aprendizagem de algoritmos no ensino fundamental, levando em considerac¸˜ao a Teoria da Carga Cognitiva e Interac¸˜ao Humano-Computador, visando diminuir as dificuldades vivenciada pelos alunos no entendimento de programac¸˜ao.
Quando um partido sai de cena:
Authors: Correa Rodrigues Marcus , Sousa Braga Maria do Socorro
Published: November 2024

Este artigo busca identificar os eventos críticos que estão relacionados à ascensão e ao declínio do Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira (PSDB) desde sua criação em 1988. Argumentamos que o ponto de inflexão do partido começou após a eleição presidencial de 2014, quando o seu candidato, Aécio Neves, foi derrotado pela candidata do PT, Dilma Rousseff, e, logo em seguida, questionou o resultado das eleições. Desde então, suas lideranças cometeram uma sucessão de erros de coordenação e estratégicos que provocaram o enfraquecimento do PSDB. Para demonstrar esse argumento, foi usada a metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa. A principal conclusão é que o partido não foi capaz de responder satisfatoriamente aos impactos dos eventos críticos e das consequências imprevistas desencadeadas pelas ações de suas elites, levando a uma severa deterioração eleitoral da sigla.
Brasil, um sistema social diante do caos:
Authors: Zorzi Felipe
Published: November 2024

Qual foi o impacto da pandemia de Covid-19 sobre a estrutura de poder emergente no sistema social brasileiro? A pandemia causou isolamento social por dois anos. A desigualdade ficou evidente durante esse período. O Brasil apresenta alta concentração de riqueza, estudantes de diferentes classes recebem educação desigual, e as autoridades políticas não enfrentam tais dilemas. Nesse sentido, a crise pode ter afetado na socialização dos jovens para a política. A teoria dos sistemas sociais diz que a sociedade é um todo interdependente com funções que se interpenetram: educação, economia e política. Aplica-se análise sistêmica em dados de questionários (survey, 2015-2022) sobre política que turmas de jovens responderam em escolas públicas e privadas de ensino médio. A hipótese é que a pandemia aprofundou a concentração de poder na sociedade capitalista. Evidencia-se ampliação da alienação política de estudantes de grupos subalternos como resultado da qualidade desigual do seu aprendizado.
 
Palavras-chaves: teoria dos sistemas, socialização, política, desigualdade, pandemia
Os padrões da participação
Authors: Zanandrez Priscila
Published: November 2024

A participação social no Brasil variou entre expansão e retrocessos, acompanhada por um adensamento da sociedade civil. No âmbito teórico, vários efeitos da prática participativa têm sido identificados, inclusive ressaltando a complexidade da sociedade civil do país, que abrange organizações de naturezas muito diversas. Este estudo, baseado em dados de grupos focais, se concentra nos padrões da dinâmica participativa do país, especialmente em sua dimensão formativa, buscando novas perspectivas analíticas e empíricas para entender a estrutura da sociedade civil contemporânea. O artigo visa a examinar como diferentes ativistas interpretam suas experiências de participação e o papel que a participação desempenha na formação e atuação desses indivíduos. Os dados demonstram que, para compreender os diferentes efeitos formativos da participação, é necessário atentar-se para a multiplicidade de organizações da sociedade civil, e, principalmente, para os padrões de engajamento existentes entre os ativistas.
Desafios para os ODS até 2030
Authors: Borges Cordeiro Diego
Published: November 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar a Política de Assistência Social do Brasil, em especial a que se destina à população em situação de rua. O estudo se orienta à preocupação do pacto internacional da Agenda 2030 de enfrentar problemas crônicos com base nos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). Partindo da hipótese de que o Brasil põe em prática esforços voltados à população em situação de rua como parte do cumprimento dos ODS, questiona-se: até que ponto essas ações estão realmente atendendo às necessidades de tal segmento social? Metodologicamente, optou-se por verificar o atendimento dos centros de acolhida dessa população, amparado nas teorias das ciências sociais e nos relatórios da Organização das Nações Unidas. O resultado revelou apenas o cumprimento acerca das leis, sem se atentar ao bem-estar do beneficiário, além de apresentar esgotamento de medidas inovadoras. A conclusão a que se chega é que, como se trata de uma questão complexa de se resolver, a solução é deixá-los “morrer” na rua.
força do luto, o poder da memória
Authors: Cheron Cibele , Anselmo Guilherme Alexandre , Llantada Nunes Pedro , Fraporti Dall’Agnol Gabriela
Published: November 2024

O presente estudo analisa a vivência do luto como estratégia pedagógica de resistência do sujeito migrante às violências perpetradas pelo Estado e por grupos radicalizados de extrema-direita. A reificação dos sujeitos considerados indesejados e a adoção de uma lógica cinegética a partir da qual o Estado se converte em predador e, os ditos indesejados, em presas, são relacionadas à ascensão da extrema-direita nos últimos decênios. Discutem-se as perspectivas críticas de Theodore Adorno e Paulo Freire para dar suporte à proposta da escrita como trabalho de luto com potencial para, através de uma educação voltada à emancipação, construir a memória, afirmar a identidade e reivindicar a condição humana inalienavelmente digna do sujeito migrante.
Breve histórico das políticas voltadas à educação especial no Brasil
Authors: Barreto Rafael Chaves Vasconcelos
Published: November 2024

O presente trabalho, de cunho qualitativo, tem como objetivo discutir o histórico de políticas voltadas a pessoas com necessidades especiais no Brasil e apresentar a importância da ambiência pedagógica no processo de ensino-aprendizado desse público. A justificativa se dá pela necessidade de instrumentalizar as redes e respectivos docentes no acolhimento a esse público, focada não somente na socialização dos estudantes desse perfil, mas também na garantia de seu efetivo aprendizado. A metodologia se baseia em revisão da literatura, tendo sido utilizados como indexadores para pesquisa os seguintes termos: ambiência pedagógica, deficiência e inclusão. Ressaltamos que a escassez de produção bibliográfica acerca do assunto reforça a relevância deste estudo e a necessidade de se pensar e produzir conhecimento acerca do tema, esperando-se, por meio deste, inspirar educadores e pesquisadores no aprofundamento desta temática bem como em sua aplicação.
SUSTENTABILIDADE AFETIVA NOS ATENDIMENTOS DO CREAS: AS PERCEPÇÕES DAS FAMÍLIAS
Authors: Godoy Kathia Regina Galdino de , Mansano Sonia Regina Vargas
Published: November 2024

A Política de Assistência Social mantém a centralidade de suas intervenções na instituição familiar a fim de fortalecer a garantia de direitos à população em situação de desproteção social. Atento a esse cenário, o objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em analisar a percepção das famílias sobre as intervenções realizadas pelos psicólogos em um Centro de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social (CREAS) situado em uma cidade do interior do estado do Paraná. Adotando uma perspectiva qualitativa, os seis participantes relataram a experiência desses atendimentos e seus impactos sobre a família. Como resultado, foi possível conhecer os receios e medos presentes nos primeiros contatos e como isso foi superado à medida que o vínculo afetivo era fortalecido, abrindo espaço para o relato das experiências difíceis de violência familiar. Ao final da pesquisa, foi possível compreender a relevância de construir uma sustentabilidade afetiva capaz de afirmar a vinculação e acolher as famílias.