bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the Accessibility of the International School on Apartment Sales Prices during the Declining Period of the Housing Market : A Comparison with the Impact of the Stable Period of the Housing Market in the Songdo International School in Incheon
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Kim Yoon-Jae , Lee Jae-Su
Published: May 2023

This study examines the effect of the Songdo International School on apartment sales prices in surrounding area during the downturn of the housing economy. It also compares the result with its effect in stable period of housing economy in surrounding area. The variables affecting the housing sales prices at the time of analysis are considered and the conventional hedonic price modeling is applied. As a result, the accessibility of the international school has a positive effect on the apartment sales prices regardless of housing market conditions. The effect of the accessibility of the international school is greater during the stable period than during the downturn period of housing economy. In addition, the effect of population inflow due to the international school is estimated as the result of the increase in the population of Songdo new town area and the increase in the proportion of the local population in Yeonsu-gu.
Derivation of Landscape Elements and Analysis of Importance in Urban Regeneration Projects : Focusing on The Formation Landscape Type of The General Neighborhood Type
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Lee Do-Kyeong , Choi Hyo-Jun , Maeng Eun-Yeong , Hwang Jea-Hoon
Published: May 2023

The importance of landscape is emphasized to the extent that landscape regeneration is mentioned in the guideline of the Urban Regeneration New Deal Project. In this study, the meaning of the formation landscape type in the general neighborhood type was defined and detailed landscape guidelines were presented. Through the review of previous studies on regeneration and landscape and related laws, the landscape elements in the regeneration project were largely identified as buildings, streets, and open spaces, and detailed components of each were also derived. Each element showed a priority targeting experts, and as a result of the analysis, most of the detailed elements of the street type were found to be high. However, the detailed components of the building were also relatively high, indicating that the elements of the building should be considered as important in the regeneration project.
Characteristics of Childcare-Friendly Residential Environment : The relationship between the Characteristics of the Residential Environment on the Children Residential Ratio in the Apartments
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Jang Hyung-Jin , Jung Sang-Hoon
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out the spatial characteristics of residential environment that is suitable for raising children, by analyzing the effect of the characteristics of the residential environment in the apartments on the children residential ratio. For the analysis, we constructed variables, based on the census data for apartment complexes in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do and conducted a multivariate regression analysis based on microscopic spatial units called ‘National Basic Zone.’ From the results of the analysis, the following characteristics of residential environments with a high children residential ratio were derived. First, Childcare households tend to reside more in new apartments in large-scale complexes, even if the cost is higher to a certain extent. Second, the child residential ratio is higher in the complexes which have more parking spaces and the ratio of underground parking is higher. Third, Childcare households do not prefer housing units smaller than 40㎡. Fourth, Childcare households consider accessibility to educational facilities more important than the distance to major transportation hubs or job centers.
Parameter-parallel distributed variational quantum algorithm
Authors: Niu Yun-Fei , Zhang Shuo , Ding Chen , Bao Wan-Su , Huang He-Liang
Published: May 2023

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have emerged as a promising near-term technique to explore practical quantum advantage on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. However, the inefficient parameter training process due to the incompatibility with backpropagation and the cost of a large number of measurements, posing a great challenge to the large-scale development of VQAs. Here, we propose a parameter-parallel distributed variational quantum algorithm (PPD-VQA), to accelerate the training process by parameter-parallel training with multiple quantum processors. To maintain the high performance of PPD-VQA in the realistic noise scenarios, a alternate training strategy is proposed to alleviate the acceleration attenuation caused by noise differences among multiple quantum processors, which is an unavoidable common problem of distributed VQA. Besides, the gradient compression is also employed to overcome the potential communication bottlenecks. The achieved results suggest that the PPD-VQA could provide a practical solution for coordinating multiple quantum processors to handle large-scale real-word applications.
Climate change forecasting using data mining algorithms
Authors: Khatri Parul , Arjariya Tripti , Shivhare Mitra Nikita
Published: May 2023

Water management is very important for human life sustainability. Rainfall forecasting is one of the most important factors for the water management of an area. A forecast is simply a calculation of what happens in the future based on past information under the assumption that the pattern followed in the past would continue in the future also. This work aims at obtaining forecasting models for the time series data set using conventional models and computational models. Varanasi City's annual climate data for a total of 113 years is used for the analysis. Initially, the individual model is considered and used for forecasting. Later, hybrid models will be considered and a comparison between individual models and hybrid models would be obtained. The individual statistical models to be considered are moving average, exponential smoothing with one parameter, and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA). The forecast is also done individually using the k-nearest neighbor (kNN) and interpolation technique cubic spline. Finally, the best-chosen statistical models and the interpolation model are coupled with kNN to develop hybrid models and with these hybrid models, the forecast is done for the data. All the models will be compared and the best among them will be chosen.
AGRADABILIDADE PERCEBIDA POR IDOSOS EM FACHADAS DE CASAS
Authors: Kunst Marina Holanda , Costa Filho Lourival
Published: May 2023

É sabido que o processo de envelhecimento é algo natural que perpassa a vida do ser humano, em que o indivíduo apresenta mudanças físicas, psicológicas e sociais. Nesta fase, entende-se que a pessoa já alcançou vários objetivos pessoais e profissionais. Contudo, também já sofreu algumas perdas. Considerando que a percepção das características ambientais pode afetar a experiência afetiva das pessoas idosas com os lugares, este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo geral prover informações empíricas sobre os efeitos das características de complexidade, de contraste e de naturalidade na agradabilidade percebida por idosos em fachadas de casas. A Teoria das Facetas foi adotada no desenho da investigação empírica, que utilizou um questionário online criado e disponibilizado no “Google Forms”, composto por 12 imagens de cenas de fachadas de casas, para coletar os dados, e avaliados pela técnica de Análise da Estrutura de Similaridade, com o auxílio do programa informacional HUDAP, para interpretá-los. Apurou-se que fachadas de casas com complexidade moderada e naturalidade presente são percebidas como mais agradáveis pelos idosos entrevistados, e que o contraste alto tem maior influência nesse tipo de avaliação. Foi ainda apurado que não há consenso desses resultados entre idosos participantes do sexo masculino e feminino.
TELE-ESTUDO DE CASA
Authors: Silva Loureiro Priscilla , Santos Araújo Any
Published: May 2023

A pandemia desencadeada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2 impactou diretamente a rotina de milhares de pessoas. Com a necessidade do isolamento e distanciamento social, muitas atividades externas foram levadas em grande demanda para dentro dos ambientes residenciais. As atividades educacionais presenciais, adotaram como alternativa à paralização o ensino remoto emergencial, desencadeando diversos desafios. Dentre eles o espacial, que envolve o morar e estudar em um mesmo ambiente, com impacto adicional do uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação. A partir da experiência vivenciada ao longo de 2020 e 2021, apoiado em revisões bibliográficas, entrevistas com estudantes e análises de peças gráficas de plantas de divulgação imobiliária, este artigo discute e ilustra aspectos de projeto para espaços de tele-estudo em ambiente residencial, voltados para educação superior, sob o enfoque da flexibilidade. Os resultados apontam e ilustram atributos para a concepção de projeto, considerando diversidade de possibilidades da infraestrutura, com aplicação projetual comentada.
ARQUITETURA AURAL
Authors: Gazana Cleber , Vázquez Ramos Fernando Guillermo
Published: May 2023

Este artigo trata principalmente da arquitetura aural e suas implicações para o campo da arquitetura. Ao que se sabe, o som não é um componente primordial de estudo da arquitetura, a não ser quando se trata do projeto de conforto acústico ou de espaços próprios para o uso dos sons. A percepção sonora e a escuta talvez tenham sido ainda menos estudadas neste campo. Contudo, não se fruí os espaços somente por meio da visão, mas também pela audição, o nosso recorte de discussão. Assim, duas perguntas se fazem: O som também pode qualificar o espaço? E, pode a percepção sonora ser importante para a arquitetura? Argumenta-se que os espaços arquitetônicos podem ser qualificados para oferecer uma consciência espacial auditiva por seus projetistas e usuários, indo além do conforto acústico. Para isso, objetiva-se definir e analisar as características da arquitetura aural, discutir a centralidade da visão e da visualidade na cultura atual e a importância da percepção, da experiência e do som para a arquitetura. Trata-se de um texto de revisão da bibliografia especializada, e que considera o som como objeto de estudo, convocando diversas outras disciplinas e autores para o debate.
CASA ALVES, CASA CONTAINER
Authors: Alves André
Published: May 2023

Este texto apresenta o registro da programação, concepção e execução de arquitetura residencial com soluções integradas à sustentabilidade: eficiência energética, qualidade do ar, reuso de água, e minimização de resíduos sólidos de construção civil, a partir do uso de sistema pré-fabricado metálico, execução de piso sem desperdício e reciclagem de containers marítimos.
The Pharmaceutical Role of Silver Nanoparticles in Treating Multidrug-
Resistant Bacteria and Biofilms
Authors: Alnsour Ayham R. , Daghmash Rawand M. , Masadeh Majed M. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Masadeh Majd M. , Bataineh Nayef H. , Batayneh Hala H. , Al-Ogaidi Mustafa S.
Published: May 2023

Background:

According to the WHO, antimicrobial resistance has recently become
worrisome and constitutes an international public health crisis. The advent of multidrug-resistant
bacteria has been implicated in the rise in morbidity and death caused by microbial diseases.
However, the lack of new and effective antibiotics has been associated with the emergence of
drug resistance. This has resulted in worldwide endeavors to advance innovative drugs with
higher efficiency and more sophisticated drug delivery technologies. In addition, the utilization
of nanoparticles as innovative biological substances is considered a worldwide issue of interest.

:

Nanoparticles have the potential to become a vital and viable treatment alternative for treating
drug-resistant illnesses. Nanoparticles contain metallic substances and their oxides, which have
the highest possibility among all nanoparticles and have piqued the curiosity of numerous experts.
Furthermore, using silver nanoparticles in photothermal treatment has attracted much interest.

Purpose:

This review includes knowledge about the problems of drug resistance and the mechanism
of action of silver nanoparticles.

Results:

This review comprehensively assesses the current discoveries for using silver nanoparticles
as antimicrobial medicines in infections caused by resistant microorganisms. Also being
explored as nanomaterials that can react with light (photothermal treatment) to destroy bacteria
and promote improved medication administration and release. Furthermore, it focuses on the
synergy between nanoparticles with antimicrobial action and other nanoparticles, microbial adaptation
mechanisms to nanoparticles, and existing obstacles and future possibilities that were
thoroughly examined.
Central Countries' and Brazil's Contributions to Nanotechnology
Authors: Santos Jonas Farias , del Rocío Silva-Calpa Leydi , de Souza Fernando Gomes , Pal Kaushik
Published: May 2023

Nanotechnology is a cornerstone of the scientific advances witnessed over the past few
years. Nanotechnology applications are extensively broad, and an overview of the main trends
worldwide can give an insight into the most researched areas and gaps to be covered. This document
presents an overview of the trend topics of the three leading countries studying in this area, as
well as Brazil for comparison. The data mining was made from the Scopus database and analyzed
using the VOSviewer and Voyant Tools software. More than 44.000 indexed articles published
from 2010 to 2020 revealed that the countries responsible for the highest number of published articles
are The United States, China, and India, while Brazil is in the fifteenth position. Thematic
global networks revealed that the standing-out research topics are health science, energy,
wastewater treatment, and electronics. In a temporal observation, the primary topics of research are:
India (2020), which was devoted to facing SARS-COV 2; Brazil (2019), which is developing promising
strategies to combat cancer; China (2018), whit research on nanomedicine and triboelectric
nanogenerators; the United States (2017) and the Global tendencies (2018) are also related to the
development of triboelectric nanogenerators. The collected data are available on GitHub. This study
demonstrates the innovative use of data-mining technologies to gain a comprehensive understanding
of nanotechnology's contributions and trends and highlights the diverse priorities of nations in
this cutting-edge field.
Gastric Tuberculosis Mimicking Cancer Manifestations in Peru
Authors: Barreda Fernando , Malpartida-Beraún Nadia , Barreda Claudia , Guerrero Melvy
Published: May 2023

Tuberculosis is a high-incidence public health problem in Peru. In our context, Tuberculosis is seen commonly as a pulmonary infection. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis as gastric is rare, both as a primary or secondary infection, with just a few case reports published about these kinds of presentations. This case report presents a 44-year-old female patient with weight loss, dyspepsia, and abdominal pain. Upper endoscopy reveals antral polypoid masses and a gastric ulcer. Abdominal CT shows lymph nodes and stomach wall thickening. Biopsies results were negative for malignancy and positive for granulomas. Sputum acid-fast bacilli smear on microscopic examination was positive. Coexistent pulmonary, gastric tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus infection mimicking gastric cancer were confirmed. We will present this case in detail below.
Effect of various alcohols in Trans-Esterification of Palm Oil (CPO) with CaO-MgO Catalyst
Authors:   Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Negeri Malang, Santoso Umam , Rizky M. , Sumari Sumari , Wijaya Anugrah Ricky , Retnosari Rini , Asrori Muhammad Roy
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research is the synthesis of alkyl esters from CPO through transesterification reaction using catalyst CaO-MgO. This experimental laboratory research through stages: (1) CPO refinement, (2) determination of CPO free fatty acid numbers, (3) activation of CaO-MgO catalysts, (5) synthesis of alkyl esters from CPO with alcohol (methanol and ethanol), (6) identification of the components of synthesized alkyl ester using GC-MS,characterization of alkyl esters including density, viscosity, refractive index and acid number test. The results showed that (1) alkyl esters can be synthesized from CPO through the transesterification reaction with methanol and CaO-MgO catalysts with a yield of 85.72%, while the transformation of ethanol is difficult to form ethyl ether (2) the character of methyl ester: density 0.86 g/mL, viscosity 3.23 cSt, refractive index 1.44819, and acid number 0.747 mg KOH/g methyl ester, (3) the main component of the synthesized alkyl ester contains 1.20% methyl myristic compound, methyl palmitate 40.637% methyl linoleate 9.332%, methyl 7-octadecenoate 42.986%, and methyl stearate 4.427%.
Utilization of Methylene Blue and Banana Peels as RFB Components (Redox Flow Battery)
Authors:   Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya, Baktiyar Moch Hanif , Adiningrum Anggita , Septianingsih Fatin , Poerwadi Bambang
Published: May 2023

RFB (Redox Flow Battery) is a secondary battery that provides energy conversion between chemistry and electricity through an alternating redox reaction by 2 pairs of electrons and protons. RFB with active ingredient Vanadium (VRB) is a type of RFB that is widely used and has problems such as the price of Vanadium is expensive, is toxic and the solvent (H2SO4) is corrosive. Therefore, an inexpensive and environmentally friendly organic electrolyte component emerged, namely Methylene Blue and banana peels. Methylene Blue has 2 electron-proton pairs which provide a reversible redox reaction and have the potential as an active ingredient in the RFB electrolyte. Banana peels have potential as an electrolyte solvent because they contain carbohydrates, citric acid and mineral electrolytes (potassium, sodium salt, phosphorus and magnesium) which support the electrolyte properties of banana peels. The stages of making electrolytes by fermentation of banana peel solution, addition of Methylene Blue and testing (galvanostatic and stress). The test results showed that Methylene Blue was able to provide the best performance (efficiency) on RFB and banana peels as an electrolyte in the battery was able to produce a voltage exceeding the VRB output voltage.
Biodiesel Production from Waste Coocking Oil with CaO Heterogeneous Catalyst from Egg Shell
Authors:   Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Suryandari Ade Sonya , Ardiansyah Zainur Risky , Putri Vemmy Nurmala Andhani , Arfiansyah Ilham , Mustain Asalil , Dewajani Heny , Mufid Mufid
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, the substitute for biofuel diesel fuel is biodiesel. Waste cooking oil has the potential as a biodiesel feedstock due to its environmentally friendly, inexpensive, reduces household waste and does not compete with food needs. Generally, the catalyst used in biodiesel is a homogeneous catalyst but has disadvantages. One effort that can be done is to use CaO catalyst from eggshell waste. Eggshells contain 95,28% CaCO3 which can be calcined to produce CaO. In this research, production of biodiesel is done by using waste cooking oil and CaO catalyst from eggshells with various variables to determine the best calcination conditions in the preparation of the catalyst. The eggshells were calcined at variable temperatures (600,700,800 and 900°C) during the time variables (2,3,4 and 5 hours). The operating conditions in the transesterification reaction were at 60°C for 2hours with a stirring speed of 700rpm and a mole ratio of oil and methanol of 1:12. The results obtained, the best calcination conditions in producing CaO catalysts were at a temperature of 900°C for 2 hours with 75.90% mass recovery. In addition, the transesterification reaction using the best catalyst achieved yield of FAME 64,56% with a density of 0.8573 gr/mL and a viscosity of 7.18 cSt.
Characteristics of Modified Banana Peel Flour Using Hydrogen Rich Water
Authors:   Program Studi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Budiarti Gita Indah , Sulistiawati Endah , Septiani Nona , Septianindi Windi
Published: May 2023

Banana peels are rich in fiber and antioxidants that are good for health. Banana peels can be used as flour. However, the color of the banana peel flour is brown and the physical quality and nutritional content are not as good as wheat flour.Starch modification is needed to improve the properties of the banana peel flour. Starch modification using Hydrogen Rich Water (HRW) is safer and cheaper than other methods. The novelty of this study is that there are no studies using HRW to modify banana peel flour. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical characteristics, reducing sugar content and protein content of HRW modified banana peel flour according to the standard SNI flour 3751: 2009. The main ingredients used are banana peels and HRW. Experiments were carried out by immersing banana peels in HRW for 15.30,45,60,75 minutes and pH (5 and 9). The results obtained were no changes in the physical characteristics of modified banana peel flour. The best results of sugar and protein content were obtained at pH 5. The best reducing sugar content at 60 minutes immersion was 2.1575%. The best protein content was obtained at 15 minutes immersion of 4.2152%
Synthesis of Chitosan Composite based on Black Soldier Fly (BSF) Exuviae with Kipahit Leaf Extract and its Inhibition Test against Xanthomonas oryzae
Authors:   Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Bioindustri Indonesia, PT. Riset Perkebunan Nusantara, Wahyuni Sri , Fauziyah Ridha ,   Departemen Biokimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Aziz Muhammad Abdul , Eris Deden Dewantara , Prakoso Haryo Tejo , Priyono Priyono , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: May 2023

HDB disease is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae, an important disease in rice plants. Recently, many organic compounds based antibacterial agents like chitosan are being developed. The potential raw materials for producing chitosan is Black Soldier Fly (BSF) exuviae. At the development, chitosan was formulated with other ingredients such as kipahit leaves (Tithonia diversifolia) extract. This study aimed to synthesize BSFbased chitosan, formulate BSF-based chitosan composites with kipahit leaf extract using 0.1% sodium tripolyphosphate and evaluate the antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas oryzae. The optimization of kipahit leaves extraction was performed with a solvent varieties (2% acetic acid, 96% ethanol and 20% DMSO). The antibacterial activity assay was performed by the disc diffusion method (0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8 and 1% (w/v)). The results showed that the optimum kipahit leaf extract was obtained using 96% ethanol. The kipahit leaf extract was successfully formulated with BSF-based chitosan to form a BSF-kipahit leaf chitosan composite. According to the anti-bacterial activity assay, the potential composite of kipahit leaf extract and BSF-based chitosan was obtained at a concentration of 1%. However, the effectiveness of its inhibition against the growth of Xanthomonas oryzae is less than the indivdual BSF-based chitosan.
Van herrieschoppers tot politieke vernieuwers: evoluties in de sociologische visie op sociale bewegingen
Authors: Hooghe Marc
Published: May 2023

Tot in de jaren zestig werd politiek protest door sociologen behandeld als een vorm van deviant of irrationeel gedrag, dat psychologisch geïnterpreteerd werd. Nu benadrukken onderzoekers eerder het rationeel en innoverend karakter van politiek protestgedrag. De resource mobilization-aanpak heeft daarbij vooral oog voor de organisatorische aspecten van protest, terwijl de new social movement-school zoekt naar de macro-sociologische determinanten van protestgedrag. Binnen beide stromingen is er de afgelopen jaren een duidelijke trend om de politieke rol van sociale bewegingen te benadrukken. De positievere waardering van protestgedrag heeft onder meer te maken met veranderingen bij de sociale bewegingen zelf zoals de contestatiegolf van na 1965. Maar het duidt er ook op dat sociale wetenschappers zich niet langer identificeren met de belangen van de heersende elite, die bedreigd worden door het protest, maar met de contesterende groepen. De huidige theoretische benaderingen kunnen niet meer gebruikt worden als een legitimatie voor overheidsrepressie, maar legitimeren veeleer de aanwezigheid van politiek protest.
Disengagement-, continuïteits- en activiteitstheorie: de relatie tussen activiteitsgraad en levensvoldoening bij jong-gepensioneerden
Authors: Van Houtte Mieke
Published: May 2023

Starting point of this paper is retirement as the loss of the work role. Central to this are three theories about growing old, namely the disengagement theory, the continuity theory and the activity theory (substitution theory). These theories all make the connection between the degree in which the elderly are socially active and their life satisfaction. From these theories, three ways of adjustment to retirement are derived. Each has been related to life satisfaction. Empirical data for recently retired people indicate that substitution yields the highest scores. A further exploration instills the assumption that each way of adjustment may lead to a good life satisfaction, since people choose that way which corresponds best with their own life style and personality.
Drie keer geloofsovertuiging: de bevraging bevraagd
Authors: Waege Hans , Loosveldt Geert
Published: May 2023

In surveys, more particular, value studies, the question asking for religious belief is considered as a standard demographic term. These questions are usually dealt with in a standardised way without many methodological concern. In this study, the question asking for religious belief was three times altered. The data originate from three independent samples of Flemish 20-21-year olds (spring 1991, 1992, 1994). These three samples are, based on the comparability of several background variables, comparable. Results of the analysis show that the question for religious belief is very susceptible to change in response alternatives. For instance: the number of Catholics halved after adding the category ‘believing’ to the response alternatives, this while the wording of the category ‘catholic’ was invariant across the three samples. When adding ‘active’ to the category ‘free-thinker’ this category was reduced to one third of the original size, in the same time the category ‘non-believers’ doubled. These findings call for more methodological attention for this kind of questions. Some explanations are proposed and some propositions are made to do further research on this and related topics.
Het geheel is meer dan de som der delen maar zeker ook minder: politiek en de staat in de Wereld-systeemtheorie van Immanuel Wallerstein
Authors: Mortelmans Dimitri
Published: May 2023

The world-systems theory of Immanuel Wallerstein aims to see processes of social change from a macrosociological position. This means the state loses the primarily place it always had in traditional political sciences. Starting from Rokkan’s theory of state-formation and nation-building, this article wants to focus upon the position of the state in world-systems theory. Wallerstein uses the concept of state in a rather constructionist way: states are viewed as institutions who are deliberately created by a certain class with the intention to affect some economic processes. Once created, the states' operations are decisively influenced by its hierarchical position in the world¬ system and its economic phase. The article concludes that world-system analysis needs a greater stress on the individual within the state and the system as a whole to cope with its current emancipational problems.
Strategieën en perspectieven van verzorgenden in het verpleeghuis
Authors: Boeije H.R. , Nievaard A.C.
Published: May 2023

Inspired by Goffman's study of total institutions, we have studied how enrolled nurses in nursing homes manoeuvre between organisational imperatives and residents' needs. They expend much energy coping with problems which arise from the day-to-day care of seriously impaired patients. The grounded theory approach was used to discover problems and coping strategies employed by enrolled nurses. We have differentiated six coping strategies namely, uniformisation, normalisation, avoidance, consultation, acceptance and dosage. These strategies could be further differentiated in two distinct perspectives which we named the Martha and Maria perspectives. Each has different consequences for the provision of care.
Succesfactoren in de schoolloopbanen van Turkse en Marokkaanse jongeren van de Tweede generatie
Authors: Crul Maurice
Published: May 2023

In the article success factors in the school careers of second generation youth in the Netherlands are discussed. Sociologist specializing in educational studies put the emphasize on the low social-economic position of the Moroccan en Turkish parents. In the analyses of school success the social-economic position of the parents can't explain the differences in school success within the group of second generation youth. Based on the qualitative research a alternative explanation is presented for school success. Using comparisons, insight is given into the differences between successful and unsuccessful pupils of the second generation. The approach starts with an analysis of the school careers of the youngsters in a attempt to isolate the key elements which determine academic results and selection within the educational system. The analysis reveals the importance of science subjects in secondary education for school success of the youngsters. The help of siblings is crucial to overcome problems in school with these subjects and overall the support of siblings is stressed as an important aspect for school success.
Zien en gezien worden: naar een definitie van luxe-producten
Authors: Mortelmans Dimitri
Published: May 2023

Primary and secondary needs are considered to form the basis of the luxury concept. Luxury has been viewed as useless and superfluous because it belonged to the realm of desires instead of elementary needs. This definition has often been used to stigmatize the use and demonstration of luxury. The needs-wants dichotomy was severely criticized a few decennia ago. Luxury touches more than the question of necessity in society. We leave the classic concept of luxury in favor of a more sociological approach. The bounds between luxury and some specific product property have been cut through, There is no such thing as a luxury good comparable to categories like ‘cars’ or 'clothes.' Luxury is defined as a specific kind of sign value, used in processes of stratification. Therefore, we differentiate between horizontal and vertical stratification and active and passive luxury goods.
Arbeidscrisis en samenleving: een essay over de herpolitisering van arbeid
Authors: De Wispelaere Jürgen
Published: May 2023

In this essay, the author argues for a 'repolitisation of labour'. In his view, the complexity of the contemporary crisis of labour defeats a mere technical approach of the situation. The crisis of labour leads directly to a fundamental reorientation of basic political aims. The whole outset of modern society seems antiquated and is today becoming intensely questioned. In the first part, three dominant approaches in modern labour theory are discussed. The economical, sociological and post-industrial labour theories have one distinctive characteristic in common: they all focus on formal labour. Because the political stance is only represented in a secondary sense, the author argues that these approaches are not able to appreciate the encompassing dimensions of the crisis of labour. In the second part of the essay, the author infuses the discourse on labour with a distinctive political stance. He treats the crisis of labour in general as a reflection of the modern social conflict, which in turn gives way to two separate lines of thought. First, the relation between labour and the material provision of goods is discussed in reference to the complex processes of commodification and decommodification inherent in the modern welfare state and the labour market. Secondly, regarding the relation between labour and the full membership of society, the author argues that labour in itself is only a poor form of social participation. Labour cannot by any means represent the full account of being a member of a modern society, Therefore, the repolitisation of labour demands that the enforcing character of the institutionalised forms of formal labour are diminished, and that we leave more room for alternative, work-like social activities.
De arbeidssamenleving voorbij: van loonarbeid naar pluriactiviteit
Authors: Vanderweyden Katrijn
Published: May 2023

The narrow focus in our society on wage labour seems to become outpaced. A harmonious social life presupposes on a macro-, meso- and micro-level attention and space for a diversity of activities. The concept of a 'pluri-active' society stands for a society where not only wage labour but a variety of activities are appreciated as full sources of social integration and are given valuable scope to develop. Not only wage labour contributes to the individual and societal well-being. The introduction of a basic income, paid unconditionally to all, creates an opening for a society in which wage labour takes a less central place. It will enable us to decrease our labour market dependency and to re-embed our economic system in the other spheres of life.
Het moderne feminisme en het sociaal kapitaal van Nederland
Authors: Oldersma Jantine
Published: May 2023

Some commentators see the feminist movement, that slowly conquered Dutch society from the late 1960s onwards, as an important factor in the demise of social capital among the citizens of the Netherlands, In this article the author examines the available data, to find out whether that judgement is justified, The point of reference is Putnam's description of social capital that has two components; social networks and norms underpinning the mutual obligation to support and help. An additional criterion, in how far a movement furthers the introduction of the people it claims to represent into the political elates, is borrowed from Van Deth. An analysis of research on Dutch public opinion, of the history of ideas of Dutch feminism and of women in political elates in the Netherlands, shows that Dutch feminism has not been detrimental, but indeed formed an important contribution to social capital measured by the criteria mentioned above.
Politiek wantrouwen en protest: over het democratisch kapitaal van Belgische betogers
Authors: Van Aelst Peter , Walgrave Stefaan , Decoster Kristof
Published: May 2023

The 1990s in Belgium were characterised by many more demonstrations than in the decennia before. Do these demonstrations signal a democratic malaise, or are they, oppositely, signs of a regained democratic vitality that drives citizens to enhance their participation through taking part in a rising number of collective actions? Putnam spoke of the relation between a crisis in democratic legitimacy and the level of social trust in a society, Using surveys taken on four national demonstrations we have tried to describe the trust in democratic institutions and in politics - or more simply put: the democratic capital - of demonstrators. The level of political distrust among demonstrators was high but supposedly not higher as that of the average Citizen. It is clear that distrust is not the only motivation for the demonstrators to take to the streets, as the belief in change and the subjective personal political ability are both relatively strong.
Sociaal kapitaal en de performantie van lokale ontwikkelingsprojecten: twee Nicaraguaanse dorpen van dichterbij bekeken
Authors: Molenaers Nadia
Published: May 2023

Associational life is generally considered an important aspect of social capital. In this article we argue that, in the Nicaraguan context, trust, reciprocity and cooperation are not necessarily linked with formal organisational patterns. Getting a grip on both the structure and the content of social capital implies studying informal relations and networks. The article highlights how informal patterns can influence the functioning and performance of development projects. Based on the evaluations of several development projects, two rural communities (Nicaragua) were investigated on their informal support networks. Since peasants regularly need extra labour force on the field, the research focuses on how these needs are dealt with. The different transactional mechanisms found in the field indicate a variety of informal patterns. Furthermore the data suggest that villages can differ greatly in displaying dominant mechanisms. Informal labour-exchange mechanisms can give a good (though partial) indication of social capital in both villages.
Wegen naar macht: de politieke participatie en toegang van het maatschappelijk middenveld op lokaal niveau
Authors: Lelieveldt Herman T.
Published: May 2023

This article is concerned with the description and explanation of political activities of local non-profit organisations on the basis of an empirical study in the city of Zwolle, the Netherlands. Attention is devoted to (1) the political participation of these organisations (2) the access of these organisations to the political system (3) the relation between participation and access. Two factors turn out to have a significant positive effect on the participation of organisations: centrality in the local organisational network and being involved in executing local policies. Furthermore, results show the local political system to be reasonably accessible: there is a strong correlation between political participation and access; in addition participation is the most important determinant of access.
Dansbeleid en kunsttheorie: een aanzet tot een symmetrische kunstsociologie
Authors: Gielen Pascal , Laermans Rudi
Published: May 2023

With modernity arriving in the world of arts, the clergy and the nobility were deprived from their monopoly in artistic selection. This created a permanent problem within modern art industry very soon. The fact is that the question of what exactly renders art into art became a favourite mind-bending issue for historians, scientists, philosophers and sociologists of art. The same problem of the discovery of dance talent arose with the 'commencing' of contemporary dance in Flanders. We went out in search of an answer to this question from an art sociological point of view, making use of in-depth interviews and record office research with Flemish policymakers and civil servants, with members of the Advisory Council for Dance, dance programmers and commercial managers. The investigation finally lead to the development of a polar scheme including two basic lines of arguing meant to 'prove' or 'indicate' artistic quality. However, the dichotomy projected does not appear out of thin air. The authors want to document that the arguments for artistic selection reflect two broad traditions of thought within philosophy and sociology of arts
De relationele markt anno 2000: een exploratie van waardeörientaties en vormgeving
Authors: Van Den Troost Ann
Published: May 2023

Recent transformations in family culture and family structure mean that traditional family values are less often taken for granted. The degree to which different aspects of marriage are important for successful partnership is the main question in this article. The research is based on 2.784 Flemish and Walloon individuals between 25 and 55 years old. Results show that, regardless of their social position, respondents value most strongly the emotional-affective aspects, such as respect, appraisal, and faith. Homogamous factors such as equal social background, are valued less. The importance attached to homogamy depends on the socio-structural characteristics of the respondent. In particular, Flemish respondents who attend church frequently, make use of an homogamous marriage discourse. The results can be interpreted using the social change theory.
Huwelijk versus religie?: een exploratief onderzoek naar de huwelijksbeleving van religieus heterogame mormonen
Authors: Vanhove Tim
Published: May 2023

This article describes the ways in which people in interfaith marriages deal with their difference in religion. After conducting a review of literature on Mormon doctrine and interfaith marriages, an exploratory qualitative study investigates the factors that determine the marital satisfaction in Mormon interfaith marriages. Five factors are found to be important: the degree of religious heterogamy, the religious activity, the cognitive and normative differences, the expressive characteristics of the marriage and the interpersonal attitudes, In particular, the interpersonal attitudes seem to have an overall influence on the quality of interfaith marriages. However, it should be noted that an interfaith marriage always demands a sacrifice: either a low marital satisfaction, the abstinence of religious practices, or an intensive effort combined with adaptive abilities to keep the balance between religion and marriage.
Pedagogische interactie in organisatiesystemen.
Authors: Vanderstraeten Raf
Published: May 2023

Organizations are able to motivate and coordinate human activities in special ways. From the end of the 18th century onward, education predominantly takes place in school organizations, In this article, the consequences of this organizational framing of education are examined. How are schools able to organize processes of education, although education depends so much upon face-to-face interaction? How is education itself affected by the fact that it takes place in an organized context? These issues are discussed against the background of a systems theoretical framework that highlights the autonomy of organizations in modem society.
Economische progressiviteit bij werknemers: geworteld in hun arbeid?
Authors: De Weerdt Yves , De Witte Hans
Published: May 2023

In this article, we explore the explanation for the link between social class position, according to the EGP92, and economic progressiveness, based on a survey of 656 Flemish employees. First, we highlight three objective characteristics which are supposed to form the work-related, objective 'translation' of three key variables in stratification research, i.e. income, status and power. We then expect these three characteristics to influence two subjective attitudes: locus of control and relative deprivation. We hypothesise that these two intermediate variables offer an explanation for the process by which the EGP-position is 'translated' into economic attitudes. Results largely confirm our hypotheses. The results also show that autonomy and income have an additional, autonomous effect on economic progressiveness.
Dissonanties in het zuredruivenmechanisme van Jon Elster
Authors: Michels Jeroen
Published: May 2023

This article discusses fundamental problems in the concept of adaptive preferences - or 'sour grapes mechanism' - as outlined by Jon Elster. Elster's discussion of adaptive preferences is grounded on both his own view on rationality and preference structures, and on the theory of cognitive dissonance as developed by Leon Festinger. We argue that none of these foundations are solid. On the one hand, we demonstrate that Elster's distinction between rationality and irrationality is inadequate and lacks realism in order to explain human action. Furthermore, we emphasise some relevant methodological problems. On the other hand, experimental social-psychological research provides clear evidence against the theory of cognitive dissonance. In our opinion it is more fruitful and more economic to define 'sour grapes' in terms of the dramaturgical model of Erving Goffman. This enables us to overcome the weaknesses of Elster's definition and to gain empirical applicability, scientifïc validity and theoretical realism.
Het tijdperk van de maatschappij
Authors: Weyns Walter
Published: May 2023

This essay explores the idea of 'the end of society'. The eigtheenth century's 'discovery' (or rather invention) of society, the author claims, was based on a double fiction. First of alk it was founded on the fiction that humans, and humans only can have social, interactions (whereas animals and things should be radically excluded from social: spade)., Secondly, it was based on the fiction that society is a transparent entity, populated by knowledgeable actors and, in principle, understandable by everbody. Elaborating some ideas of Touraine, Baurnan, Vattimo and Knorr Cetina the author concludes that both fictions are quickly eroding, tip to the point that the notion of 'society' itself is becoming obsolete.
Het maatschappelijk onbehagen van Vlaamse 75-jarigen
Authors: Elchardus Mark , De Groof Saskia
Published: May 2023

Using data from a 2002 representative survey of Flemish 75-year olds (adjusted n=1095), the aim of the present study is to identify the causes of societal malaise. The analysis reveals the great importance of the personal and physical well-being. Secondly, we observe a strong influence of socio-economic variables. The experience with unemployment during the active life-span still induces societal malaise, even at the age of 75. Actual material deprivation, as well as the deprivation experienced during childhood, also contributes to malaise. Furthermore, we notice higher levels of malaise in women and in respondents with a low level of education, even after controlling for economical hardship. This is probably due to their higher vulnerability, resulting from weak educational socialisation and the cultural coding of gender. Neither the media, nor the leisure time activities play a crucial role (this is in sharp contrast to findings concerning younger generations). The malaise of older people is decreased through integration in social networks and, to a lesser extent, active religious involvement.
Een roze eiland in de oceaan van de reguliere sport: de voordelen van Gay Games-participatie belicht vanuit de sociale identiteitstheorie
Authors: Van Tuyckom Charlotte
Published: May 2023

Research on sexual orientation and sports is limited in scope. Moreover, it often lacks clearly defined theoretical frameworks. The current study is framed within social identity theory and discusses the impact of Gay Games participation on (1) personal identity, social identity and group feelings, (2) used social creativity strategies to strengthen the (social) self-image, and (3) engaging in activities or acts for social change (in particular, coming out and political activism). Semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 Flemish Gay Games participants (7 women, 11 men, on average 38,5 years old) and consequently analyzed by means of NVivo 1.1. The analysis revealed several themes consistent with social identity theory. The results highlight the importance of recreational sporting environments where LGBT’s can practice sports with like-minded people in a taboo-free environment. These shape the personal and social identity of the participants, and strengthens their (social) self-confidence.