bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Three-dimensional Floating Air Cathode with Dual Oxygen Supplies for Energy-efficient Production of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Zhang Haichuan , Li Yingjie , Zhang Hao , Li Guanghe , Zhang Fang
Published: February 2019

The in situ and cleaner electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) through two-electron oxygen reduction reaction has drawn increasing attentions in environmental applications as an alterantive to traditional anthraquinone process. Air cathodes avoid the need of aeration, but face the challenges of declined performance during scale-up due to non-uniform water infiltration or even water leakage, which is resulted from changing water pressures and immature cathode fabrication at a large scale. To address these challenges, a three-dimensional (3-D) floating air cathode (FAC) was built around the commercial sponge, by coating with carbon black/poly(tetrafluoroethylene) using a simple dipping-drying method. The FAC floated on the water-air interface without extensive water-proof measures, and could utilize oxygen both from passive diffusion and anodic oxygen evolution to produce H2O2. The FAC with six times of dipping treatment produced a maximum H2O2 concentration of 177.9 ± 26.1 mg L−1 at 90 min, with low energy consumption of 7.1 ± 0.003 Wh g−1 and stable performance during 10 cycles of operation. Our results showed that this 3-D FAC is a promising approach for in situ H2O2 production for both environmental remediation and industrial applications.
Dendritic cell targeted Ccl3- and Xcl1-fusion DNA vaccines differ in induced immune responses and optimal delivery site
Authors: Lysén Anna , Braathen Ranveig , Gudjonsson Arnar , Tesfaye Demo Yemane , Bogen Bjarne , Fossum Even
Published: February 2019

Fusing antigens to chemokines to target antigen presenting cells (APC) is a promising method for enhancing immunogenicity of DNA vaccines. However, it is unclear how different chemokines compare in terms of immune potentiating effects. Here we compare Ccl3- and Xcl1-fusion vaccines containing hemagglutinin (HA) from influenza A delivered by intramuscular (i.m.) or intradermal (i.d.) DNA vaccination. Xcl1 fusion vaccines target cDC1s, and enhance proliferation of CD4+and CD8+T cellsin vitro. In contrast, Ccl3 target both cDC1 and cDC2, but only enhance CD4+T cell proliferation in combination with cDC2. When Ccl3- or Xcl1-HA fusion vaccines were administered by i.m. DNA immunization, both vaccines induced Th1-polarized immune responses with antibodies of the IgG2a/IgG2b subclass and IFNγ-secreting T cells. After i.d. DNA vaccination, however, only Xcl1-HA maintained a Th1 polarized response and induced even higher numbers of IFNγ-secreting T cells. Consequently, Xcl1-HA induced superior protection against influenza infection compared to Ccl3-HA after i.d. immunization. Interestingly, i.m. immunization with Ccl3-HA induced the strongest overallin vivocytotoxicity, despite not inducing OT-I proliferationin vitro. In summary, our results highlight important differences between Ccl3- and Xcl1- targeted DNA vaccines suggesting that chemokine fusion vaccines can be tailor-made for different diseases.
IL-24 contributes to skin inflammation in Para-Phenylenediamine-induced contact hypersensitivity
Authors: Van Belle Astrid B. , Cochez Perrine M. , de Heusch Magali , Pointner Lisa , Opsomer Remi , Raynaud Peggy , Achouri Younes , Hendrickx Emilie , Cheou Pamela , Warnier Guy , Renauld Jean-Christophe , Baeck Marie , Dumoutier Laure
Published: February 2019

Para-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is an aromatic amine used in hair dyes and in temporary black henna tattoos, which is a frequent cause of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). ACD is a skin inflammatory reaction characterized by modifications such as spongiosis, exocytosis and acanthosis. The aim of this study is to characterize the expression and the role of IL-20-related cytokines, including IL-19, IL-20, IL-22 and IL-24, in ACD. The expression ofIL19,IL20,IL22andIL24is increased in affected skin from PPD allergic patients compared with uninvolved skin. In addition, the expression of these cytokines positively correlates with clinical symptoms. To assess their role in ACD, we set up a mouse model of PPD-induced allergic contact dermatitis and we showed that, in contrast toIl22-deficient mice,Il22ra1-,Il20rb- andIl24-deficient mice are partially protected against development of PPD-induced contact hypersensitivity. These mice have decreased ear thickening and less acanthosis compared with WT mice after PPD treatment. In addition, the absence of IL-22R, IL-20R2 or IL-24 affects the recruitment of neutrophils into the skin but not the total IgE production. Taken together, these results demonstrate the implication of IL-24 via the IL-20R type II receptor in the inflammatory process of ACD.
Egg White Hydrolysate as a functional food ingredient to prevent cognitive dysfunction in rats following long-term exposure to aluminum
Authors: Martinez Caroline Silveira , Alterman Caroline D. C. , Vera Gema , Márquez Antonio , Uranga José-A , Peçanha Franck Maciel , Vassallo Dalton Valentim , Exley Christopher , Mello-Carpes Pâmela B. , Miguel Marta , Wiggers Giulia Alessandra
Published: February 2019

Aluminum (Al), which is omnipresent in human life, is a potent neurotoxin. Here, we have tested the potential for Egg White Hydrolysate (EWH) to protect against changes in cognitive function in rats exposed to both high and low levels of Al. Indeed, EWH has been previously shown to improve the negative effects induced by chronic exposure to heavy metals. Male Wistar rats received orally: Group 1) Low aluminum level (AlCl3 at a dose of 8.3 mg/kg b.w. during 60 days) with or without EWH treatment (1 g/kg/day); Group 2) High aluminum level (AlCl3 at a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w. during 42 days) with or without EWH treatment (1 g/kg/day). After 60 or 42 days of exposure, rats exposed to Al and EWH did not show memory or cognitive dysfunction as was observed in Al-treated animals. Indeed, co-treatment with EWH prevented catalepsy, hippocampal oxidative stress, cholinergic dysfunction and increased number of activated microglia and COX-2-positive cells induced by Al exposure. Altogether, since hippocampal inflammation and oxidative damage were partially prevented by EWH, our results suggest that it could be used as a protective agent against the detrimental effects of long term exposure to Al.
Rab33a and Rab33ba mediate the outgrowth of forebrain commissural axons in the zebrafish brain
Authors: Huang Liguo , Urasaki Akihiro , Inagaki Naoyuki
Published: February 2019

Rab small GTPases play key roles in intracellular membrane trafficking. Rab33a promotes axon outgrowth of cultured rat hippocampal neurons by mediating the anterograde axonal transport of Golgi-derived vesicles and the concomitant exocytosis of these vesicles at the growth cone. However, the functions of Rab33in vivoare unclear. Here, we show that zebrafishrab33aandrab33baare orthologs of mammalianRab33aandRab33b, respectively. They are expressed in the developing brain, including in neurons of the telencephalic dorsorostral cluster and the diencephalic ventrorostral cluster, which project axons to form the anterior and postoptic commissures, respectively. Althoughrab33asingle mutant andrab33basingle mutant fish did not show remarkable defects, fish carrying therab33a;rab33badouble mutations displayed dysgenesis of the anterior and postoptic commissures. Single-cell labeling in the telencephalic dorsorostral cluster demonstrated that therab33a;rab33badouble mutation inhibits axonal extension in the anterior commissure. These results suggest that Rab33a and Rab33ba mediate axon outgrowth and the formation of the forebrain commissures in the zebrafish brain in a cooperative manner.
Structural basis for chemically-induced homodimerization of a single domain antibody
Authors: Lesne Jean , Chang Hung-Ju , De Visch Angelique , Paloni Matteo , Barthe Philippe , Guichou Jean-François , Mayonove Pauline , Barducci Alessandro , Labesse Gilles , Bonnet Jerome , Cohen-Gonsaud Martin
Published: February 2019

Chemically-induced dimerization (CID) systems are essential tools to interrogate and control biological systems. AcVHH is a single domain antibody homo-dimerizing upon caffeine binding. AcVHH has a strong potential for clinical applications through caffeine-mediated in vivo control of therapeutic gene networks. Here we provide the structural basis for caffeine-induced homo-dimerization of acVHH.
An open source web application for distributed geospatial data exploration
Authors: Curry Patrick A. , Moosdorf Nils
Published: February 2019

The number of online data repositories is growing and they are becoming increasingly difficult to navigate. Data are scattered among different repositories, or hidden on personal or institutional servers. To access data, users must search extensively and rely on site-specific tools. These hurdles substantially inhibit data findability and accessibility; in particular, those in the long tail of data. We developed an open source web application, Spatial Data Hub, that is a geospatial data index, connected to remote Internet sources. It allows simultaneous display and comparison of disparate datasets on a single map. It aims to promote all data equally and provide the flexibility to connect to any storage system, effectively making long-tail datasets as visible as those in large, established repositories. Its low barrier of entry allows scientists and organizations to easily add data throughout the research process; enhancing transparency, openness and reproducibility. This flexibility and functionality makes Spatial Data Hub a novel platform for researchers to promote their work, develop new hypotheses and create new collaborations.
A multi-analytical approach for the study of red stains on heritage marble
Authors: Cantisani Emma , Cuzman Oana Adriana , Vettori Silvia , Chelazzi Laura , Ciattini Samuele , Ricci Marilena , Manganelli Del Fá Rachele , Chiarantini Laura , Garzonio Carlo Alberto
Published: February 2019

Red stains are a common discolouration on stone cultural heritage all over the world.
Lithium storage mechanisms of CdSe nanoparticles with carbon modification for advanced lithium ion batteries
Authors: Kong Fanjun , Wang Jian , Han Zhengsi , Qian Bin , Tao Shi , Luo Hongmei , Gao Lei
Published: February 2019

CdSe nanoparticles with carbon modification have been synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method for the first time. The lithium storage mechanisms of CdSe are a combination of conversion and alloying reactions and proved using ex situ tests.
Drift mechanism of the metal nanowires formation in liquid helium
Authors: Stovbun S. V. , Skoblin A. A.
Published: February 2019

It is shown theoretically that the mechanism of the rapid coagulation of metal nanospheres into a nanowire in a quantum vortex proposed by E. B. Gordon et al. (Low Temp. Phys., 2010, 36, 590) could not be realized, due to the enormous heat release expelling the nanospheres from the vortex.
Position-, disorder-, and salt-dependent diffusion in binding-coupled-folding of intrinsically disordered proteins
Authors: Chu Xiakun , Wang Jin
Published: February 2019

The topography of binding energy landscapes of intrinsically disordered proteins is hierarchically heterogeneous and modulated by the conformational disorder and salt concentration.
Synergistic catalytic action of vanadia–titania composites towards the microwave-assisted benzoin oxidation
Authors: Ferretti Francesco , Ribeiro Ana P. C. , Alegria Elisabete C. B. A. , Ferraria Ana M. , Kopylovich Maximilian N. , Guedes da Silva M. Fátima C. , Marchetti Fabio , Pombeiro Armando J. L.
Published: February 2019

Application of synergistic effects is among the main ways to boost chemical efficiency.
Hexavacant γ-Dawson-type phosphotungstates supporting an edge-sharing bis(square-pyramidal) {O2M(μ3-O)2(μ-OAc)MO2} core (M = Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, or Zn2+)
Authors: Suzuki Kosuke , Minato Takuo , Tominaga Naoto , Okumo Ichiro , Yonesato Kentaro , Mizuno Noritaka , Yamaguchi Kazuya
Published: February 2019

Reaction of hexavacant α-Dawson phosphotungstates with metal species in acetonitrile affords γ-Dawson structures supporting a bis(squarepyramidal) core.
Towards efficient initiators for two-photon induced polymerization: fine tuning of the donor/acceptor properties
Authors: Holzer Brigitte , Lunzer Markus , Rosspeintner Arnulf , Licari Giuseppe , Tromayer Maximilian , Naumov Sergej , Lumpi Daniel , Horkel Ernst , Hametner Christian , Ovsianikov Aleksandr , Liska Robert , Vauthey Eric , Fröhlich Johannes
Published: February 2019

A study of two-photon polymerization initiators is presented.
Direct TEM observation of the “acanthite α-Ag2S–argentite β-Ag2S” phase transition in a silver sulfide nanoparticle
Authors: Sadovnikov S. I. , Gerasimov E. Yu.
Published: February 2019

For the first time, the α-Ag2S (acanthite)–β-Ag2S (argentite) phase transition in a single silver sulfide nanoparticles has been observed in situ using a high-resolution transmission electron microscopy method in real time.
Iron doped gold cluster nanomagnets: ab initio determination of barriers for demagnetization
Authors: Ehlert Christopher , Hamilton Ian P.
Published: February 2019

Magnetic properties of small- and nano-sized iron doped gold clusters are calculated at the level of second order multireference perturbation theory.
Optimising gold nanorods for photoacoustic imaging in vitro
Authors: Knights Oscar B. , Ye Sunjie , Ingram Nicola , Freear Steven , McLaughlan James R.
Published: February 2019

A study to find the optimum sized gold nanorod for use in PA imaging and/or optical-based theranostics, by comparing four different sizes with similar aspect ratios.
The aryne Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement
Authors: Roy Tony , Gaykar Rahul N. , Bhattacharjee Subrata , Biju Akkattu T.
Published: February 2019

An aryne induced transition-metal-free and mild Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement of tertiary benzylamines for the synthesis of α-aryl amino acid derivatives in moderate to good yields and with broad substrate scope is presented.
Characterization of LiCoO2 nanoparticle suspensions by single collision events
Authors: Rano Simon , Laberty-Robert Christel , Ngo Kieu , Sánchez-Sánchez Carlos M. , Vivier Vincent
Published: February 2019

Transient electrochemical experiments associated with the collisions between hydrothermally synthesized LiCoO2 (LCO) nanoparticles/aggregates of different sizes and a polarized gold ultramicroelectrode (UME) were used as a new additive-free analytical tool applied to characterize Li ion insertion compounds.
Precise regulation of the emissive layer for ultra-high performance white organic light-emitting diodes in an exciplex forming co-host system
Authors: Ying Shian , Sun Qian , Dai Yanfeng , Yang Dezhi , Qiao Xianfeng , Ma Dongge
Published: February 2019

Ultra-high performance WOLEDs were achieved by solving the trade-off between charge carrier trapping and energy transfer in electroluminescence processes.
Transition-metal free selective C(α)–C(β) bond cleavage of trifluoromethyl ketones with amidines under air: facile access to 5-trifluoromethylated Imidazol-4-ones
Authors: Zhu Chuanle , Liu Chi , Zeng Hao , Chen Fulin , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: February 2019

Synthesis of 5-trifluoromethylated imidazol-4-ones via transition-metal-free selective C(α)–C(β) bond cleavage of trifluoromethyl ketones with amidines under air.
Quantum‐inspired optimisation algorithm via energy equipartition and elitists preservation
Authors: Mu Lei
Published: February 2019

Optimisation problems exist widely in real‐life applications. A quantum‐inspired optimisation algorithm under the harmonic oscillator well transforms the function optimisation into solving the ground state wave function through the transformation of the Schrödinger equation. A novel approach using energy equipartition for the exchange of energy information is present to construct the candidate solutions. Elitists preservation is utilised to preserve dominant energy information for the improvement of search efficiency. Experiments on benchmark test functions for the 30D problem show that the proposed approaches are more effective than compared algorithms.
Improved ADI iterative algorithm with two‐step Gauss–Seidel procedure for efficientLaguerre‐based BOR–FDTD method
Authors: Zhu Da‐Wei , Chen Hai‐Lin , Chen Bin , Duan Yan‐Tao , Xu Bo‐Ao , Luo Kang
Published: February 2019

An improved alternating‐direction‐implicit (ADI) algorithm for an efficient Laguerre‐based body‐of‐revolution finite‐difference time‐domain (BOR–FDTD) method is presented. A new correction equation for Eρ*q is added to the linear equations to speed up the convergence, and the two‐step Gauss–Seidel procedure instead of the one‐step procedure in the existing algorithm is introduced in the entire iterative algorithm. To validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed algorithm, which is applied to the BOR structure, two scattering examples are provided to demonstrate the algorithm. At the same time, the relative reflection error of the perfectly matched layer (PML) is calculated for comparisons with Mur's absorbing boundary condition.
EM lens design using thin planar metasurfaces for high antenna gain and low SLL applications
Authors: Aziz Rao Shahid , Kim Tae‐Wan , Park Jae‐Seok , Ryu Young‐Ho , Park Seong‐Ook
Published: February 2019

A novel electromagnetic (EM) lens with high gain, suppressed side‐lobe level (SLL) and low profile is designed using thin planar metasurfaces. The proposed design consists of a source patch antenna and an EM lens based on two thin planar metasurfaces. The two thin metasurfaces with an air gap are placed at the focal distance H of about λ/2.25 above the source patch antenna. This configuration forms a thin planar lens in which the source patch antenna emitted quasi‐spherical wave in order to transform into plane wave. The total size of source antenna and an EM lens is same. The miniaturised EM lens antenna faces high SLL, which can be reduced by maintaining the uniform transmission phase coefficient and tunable transmission amplitude coefficient of metasurface unit cells. By implementing this topology on metasurfaces, the SLL of the proposed EM lens can be reduced without affecting the boresight gain of source patch antenna. The measured results of the proposed EM lens achieve 7 dB gain enhancement at designed frequency (5.8 GHz) with the SLL suppression of −24 dB. The total volume of planar lens antenna is 1.17λ × 1.17λ × λ/2.25 mm3, which is very compact compared with other reported planar lens designs.
Optimal finite state predictive direct torque control without weighting factors for motor drive applications
Authors: Ipoum‐Ngome Paul Gistain , Mon‐Nzongo Daniel L. , Song‐Manguelle Joseph , Flesch Rodolfo C.C. , Jin Tao
Published: February 2019

An optimal finite state predictive direct torque control without flux and switching frequency weighting factors (WFs) is proposed to avoid the tuning of WFs and to provide high dynamic performances with reduced switching frequency and computational burden. The proposed method is a combination of the well‐known direct torque control and multi‐objective ranking (MOR) priority methods. The classical MOR, used to avoid the flux WF, increases the computation time compared to the standard predictive torque control (PTC) and does not consider switching frequency issues. These drawbacks impose the need for high sampling rates, which increase the implementation cost and the inverter power losses, an important issue for medium and high‐power drives. In the proposed method, the direct torque control principle is used to reduce the number of voltage vectors from eight to three, which reduces the computational burden of MOR. Also, MOR is associated with a proposed priority scheme to reduce the switching frequency and avoid WFs. Simulation and experimental results confirm that similar steady‐state response as in the traditional PTC based on MOR is obtained. However, fast transient response is achieved, the computational burden is reduced by about 25%, and the switching frequency is substantially reduced compared to classical PTC.
Through‐wall microwave imaging system using circularly polarised spiral antenna array
Authors: Ranjbaran Syed Mohamad Husain , Mohanna Shahram
Published: February 2019

A new three‐dimensional through‐wall imaging (TWI) system is implemented for short range sensing. The system is equipped with a circularly polarised antenna array to improve image quality and reduce the wall artefacts. It consists of an array of 19 antennas positioned hexagonally. The array delivers half‐space radiation with wideband performance, necessary for imaging applications. A differential tomographic imaging algorithm is developed to create through‐wall images via both coherent and non‐coherent processes. The imaging system has some advantages to traditional synthetic aperture radar approaches and other linear fixed aperture systems. It has a modular structure, uses both co‐polarised and cross‐polarised waves, capable of sensing conductive objects hidden behind dielectric layers (wall). The experimental results confirm that the new TWI system can create images of conductive objects hidden behind a dielectric wall clearly.
From atacamite to Cu(II)‐1,4‐benzenedicarboxylate for enhanced adsorption of methyl blue
Authors: Bai Lei , Xi Yunhong , Ma Nana
Published: February 2019

The mesoporous Cu(II)‐1,4‐benzenedicarboxylate (CuBDC) microplate was synthesised by using a mineral, atacamite [Cu2 (OH)3 Cl] microbricks as a precursor under room condition based on the acid–base reaction. The CuBDC microplates transformed from Cu2 (OH)3 Cl microbricks displayed a higher ability for the adsorption of methylene blue in comparison with Cu2 (OH)3 Cl microbricks and the CuBDC synthesised in solution.
Distances to molecular clouds at high galactic latitudes based on Gaia DR2
Authors: Yan Qing-Zeng , Zhang Bo , Xu Ye , Guo Sufen , Macquart Jean-Pierre , Tang Zheng-Hong , Walsh Andrew John
Published: February 2019

We report the distances of molecular clouds at high Galactic latitudes (|b| > 10°) derived from parallax and G-band extinction (AG) measurements in the second Gaia data release, Gaia DR2. Aided by Bayesian analyses, we determined distances by identifying the breakpoint in the extinction AG toward molecular clouds and using the extinction AG of Gaia stars around molecular clouds to confirm the breakpoint. We used nearby star-forming regions, such as Orion, Taurus, Cepheus, and Perseus, whose distances are well known to examine the reliability of our method. By comparing with previous results, we found that the molecular cloud distances derived from this method are reliable. The systematic error in the distances is approximately 5%. In total, 52 molecular clouds have well-determined distances, most of which are at high Galactic latitudes, and we provide reliable distances for 13 molecular clouds for the first time.
Skating on slippery ice
Authors: Oosterkamp T.H. , Boudewijn T. , van Leeuwen J.M.J.
Published: February 2019

Skating has been popular for centuries but is still poorly understood. Is it sufficient that the surface of ice is wet in order to explain why skating is possible for a wide range of temperatures, velocities and types of skates? Or do we need a layer of water formed between skate and ice by the frictional heat? Here we discuss the physics of the water layer and its implications at large velocities as occurring in speed skating.
Die Sarkoidose aus dermatologischer Perspektive
Authors: Giner T. , Kerstan A. , Benoit S. , Goebeler M.
Published: February 2019

Die Sarkoidose ist eine seltene Multisystemerkrankung, welche durch nicht-verkäsende Granulome charakterisiert ist, die sich an verschiedenen Organen manifestieren können. Die Pathogenese der Sarkoidose ist nicht vollständig geklärt, neben genetischen Faktoren spielen auch infektiöse Triggerfaktoren sowie Umwelteinflüsse eine Rolle. Die Lunge ist bei über 90 % der Patienten betroffen und damit das am häufigsten involvierte Organ. Es folgt die Haut, die bei bis zu einem Drittel der Sarkoidose-Patienten Auffälligkeiten aufweist, welche anderen Organbeteiligungen häufig vorausgehen. Es ist daher wichtig, die Sarkoidose der Haut frühzeitig zu diagnostizieren, damit eine symptomorientierte Durchuntersuchung und Therapie in die Wege geleitet werden können. Letztere gestaltet sich oft schwierig, da evidenzbasierte Therapieempfehlungen weitgehend fehlen.

In dieser Übersichtarbeit werden die dermatologische Vielgestaltigkeit der Erkrankung, die empfohlenen fachspezifischen und fachübergreifenden Untersuchungen sowie die Therapiemöglichkeiten vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Bienen- und Wespengiftallergie in verschiedenen Lebensphasen
Authors: Stoevesandt J. , Trautmann A.
Published: February 2019

Das individuelle Risiko für anaphylaktische Stichreaktionen bleibt im Laufe eines Menschenlebens nicht konstant, sondern ist von Lebensalter und Gesundheitszustand, von persönlichen Aktivitäten und Vorlieben abhängig. Lebensumstände und Begleiterkrankungen können darüber hinaus auch Entscheidungen hinsichtlich Diagnostik und Therapie beeinflussen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Risiken und Besonderheiten von Patienten mit Bienen-/Wespengiftallergie in verschiedenen Lebensphasen erörtert. Schwere anaphylaktische Stichreaktionen sind im Kindes- und Jugendalter trotz verhältnismäßig häufiger Stiche durch Bienen und Wespen selten. Allergische Nebenwirkungen einer Immuntherapie mit Bienen-/Wespengift hingegen sind ebenso häufig wie bei Erwachsenen, aber i. d. R. sehr gut beherrschbar. Schwangeren unter bereits laufender Immuntherapie mit Bienen-/Wespengift sollte bei guter Verträglichkeit eine Therapiefortsetzung angeraten werden, da das Risiko von anaphylaktischen Therapiezwischenfällen als geringer eingeschätzt wird als die Gefahr einer schweren Stichreaktion im Falle eines vorzeitigen Abbruches. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit von Bienen oder Wespen gestochen zu werden und damit auch das Risiko anaphylaktischer Stichreaktionen werden durch Freizeitverhalten und Berufswahl entscheidend mitbestimmt. Das Risiko schwerer und möglicherweise tödlicher Stichreaktionen ist bei Patienten mit indolenter systemischer Mastozytose erheblich erhöht, steigt aber auch mit dem Lebensalter und möglicherweise im Rahmen bestimmter kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen. Die Sicherheit einer Immuntherapie mit Bienen-/Wespengift wird durch antihypertensiv wirkende Medikamente, insbesondere auch durch β-Blocker und ACE-Hemmer, nicht beeinflusst. Bedenken bezüglich Sicherheit und Effektivität der Immuntherapie bei gleichzeitig bestehenden Autoimmun- oder Tumorerkrankungen konnten bislang nicht durch klinische Daten begründet werden. Eine Immuntherapie mit Bienen-/Wespengift kann auch bei Tumorerkrankungen in stabiler Remission oder behandelten Autoimmunerkrankungen durchaus sinnvoll sein.
Perforation als Spätkomplikation nach endoskopischer Vollwandresektion eines Rezidivadenoms im Colon sigmoideum
Authors: Hürtgen Susanne , Schmitz Georg , Junge Karsten , Breuer Elisabeth , Tischendorf Jens
Published: February 2019

Die endoskopische Vollwandresektion findet ihre Anwendung unter anderem bei kolorektalen Polypen, die aufgrund von Vernarbungen ein negatives Lifting aufweisen und sich deshalb mittels konventioneller endoskopischer Mukosaresektion nicht abtragen lassen. Die endoskopische Vollwandresektion kann dabei mithilfe spezieller Instrumente, wie dem full-thickness resection device (FTRD®), risikoarm in einem Funktionsschritt ausgeführt werden. Die in der Literatur beschriebenen Hauptrisiken sind Blutungen sowie Perforationen. Bei den bisher beschriebenen Perforationen konnten vorangegangene Gerätedefekte oder patientenbezogene prädisponierende Faktoren für eine Perforation nachgewiesen werden.

Wir berichten über eine 55-jährige Patientin, welche aufgrund eines Rezidivadenoms im Colon sigmoideum mit fokal hochgradiger intra-epithelialer Neoplasie einer endoskopischen Vollwandresektion mittels FTRD® unterzogen wurde. Nach primär komplikationslosem Verlauf zeigte sich sieben Tage nach der Intervention eine sekundäre Perforation mit Ausbildung einer eitrigen Peritonitis, sodass eine Sigmaresektion notwendig wurde. Hinweise auf einen Gerätedefekt lagen nicht vor, ebenso ergaben sich keine prädisponierenden patientenbezogenen Faktoren, welche das Auftreten einer Perforation begünstigen.

Unser Fallbericht demonstriert somit die Notwendigkeit einer weiteren klinischen Nachbeobachtung auch nach zunächst unauffälligem Verlauf einer endoskopischen Vollwandresektion, da Spätperforationen als Komplikation auftreten können.
Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Aegeline after Oral Administration in Mice
Authors: Manda Vamshi , Haron Mona , Mir Tahir , Avula Bharathi , Ashfaq Mohammad , Haider Saqlain , Chittiboyina Amar , Khan Ikhlas , Khan Shabana
Published: February 2019

Aegeline is claimed to be a biologically active constituent of Aegle marmelos. Preclinical studies have reported possible therapeutic potential for aegeline against obesity and diabetes. In recent years, aegeline has been added to several weight loss products. However, the consumption of aegeline-containing supplements such as OxyELITE Pro and VERSA-1 has been linked to multiple cases of acute and chronic liver failure. This study was carried out to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of aegeline in ND4 mice. Two doses of aegeline, a human equivalent dose (1×) 30 mg/kg and a 10× dose (300 mg/kg), were orally administered to the mice, and blood and tissue samples were collected over 8 h. The quantitative analysis of plasma and tissue homogenates (liver, kidney, and brain) was done by UHPLC-QTOF to determine aegeline concentrations. The peak plasma level of aegeline was achieved at a Tmax of 0.5 h, indicating its rapid absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Aegeline was not detected in the plasma at 8 h after oral administration, with a half-life of 1.4 ± 0.01 and 1.3 ± 0.07 h for the 30 and 300 mg/kg doses, respectively. The half-life of aegeline in the liver was 1.2 h and 1.7 h for 30 and 300 mg/kg doses, respectively, with a Tmax of 1.9 h, which indicates relatively fast elimination of aegeline from the liver.
Oral Opioid Use during Vaginal Delivery Hospitalizations
Authors: Mourad Mirella , Landau Ruth , Wright Jason D. , Siddiq Zainab , Duffy Cassandra R. , Kern-Goldberger Adina R. , D'Alton Mary E. , Friedman Alexander M.
Published: February 2019

Objective This study aimed to determine the receipt of short-acting opioid medications during vaginal delivery hospitalizations.

Study Design The Perspective database was analyzed to evaluate patterns of short-acting oral opioid use during vaginal delivery hospitalizations from January 2006 to March 2015. Unadjusted and adjusted models evaluating the role of demographic and hospital factors were created evaluating use of opioids. Hospital-level rates of opioid use were evaluated. Opioid receipt among women with opioid abuse or dependence was evaluated based on overall hospital rates of opioid use.

Results Of 3,785,396 vaginal delivery hospitalizations from 2006 to 2015, 1,720,899 (45.5%) women received an oral opioid for pain relief. Opioid use varied significantly among the 458 hospitals included in the analysis, with one-third of hospitals providing opioids to <38% of patients, one-third to 38 to <59% of patients, and one-third to ≥59% of patients. When hospitals were stratified by overall opioid administration rates, women with opioid abuse or dependence were less likely to be given opioids in hospitals with low overall opioid rates.

Discussion The use of opioid pain medications during vaginal delivery hospitalizations varied significantly among hospitals, suggesting that standardization of pain management practices could reduce opioid use.
Cultural evolution of music
Authors: Savage Patrick E.
Published: February 2019

The concept of cultural evolution was fundamental to the foundation of academic musicology and the subfield of comparative musicology, but largely disappeared from discussion after World War II despite a recent resurgence of interest in cultural evolution in other fields. I draw on recent advances in the scientific understanding of cultural evolution to clarify persistent misconceptions about the roles of genes and progress in musical evolution, and review literature relevant to musical evolution ranging from macroevolution of global song-style to microevolution of tune families. I also address criticisms regarding issues of musical agency, meaning, and reductionism, and highlight potential applications including music education and copyright. While cultural evolution will never explain all aspects of music, it offers a useful theoretical framework for understanding diversity and change in the world’s music.
Magnetoresistance of a single polycrystalline nickel nanowire
Authors: Kozlov S. N. , Skryabina O. V. , Egorov S. V. , Golovchanskiy I. A. , Klimenko A. A. , Napolskii K. S. , Stolyarov V. S.
Published: February 2019

We report the magnetoresistance study of an individual polycrystalline nickel nanowire at temperature T=10K. Transport measurements have indicated a large coercive field of the nanowire, justified by the polycrystalline structure of the studied sample, where both magnetocrystalline anisotropy of randomly oriented grains and effective uniaxial anisotropy at the grain boundaries enhance the coercive field. Magnetization reversal studied with micromagnetic simulations occurs via the curling mode when vortices are nucleated and propagate along the nanowire, and propagation is inhibited at grain boundaries. The applicability of micromagnetic simulations is confirmed by a good agreement between experimental and simulated magnetoresistance curves.
Electron Monte Carlo simulations of nanoporous Si thin films—The influence of pore-edge charges
Authors: Hao Qing , Xiao Yue
Published: February 2019

Electron transport within nanostructures can be important for various engineering applications, such as thermoelectrics and nanoelectronics. In theoretical studies, electron Monte Carlo simulations are widely used as an alternative approach to solving the electron Boltzmann transport equation, where the energy-dependent electron scattering, exact structure shape, and detailed electric field distribution can be fully incorporated. In this work, such electron Monte Carlo simulations are employed to predict the electrical conductivity of periodic nanoporous Si films that have been widely studied for thermoelectric applications. The focus is on the influence of pore-edge charges on the electron transport. The results are further compared to our previous analytical modeling [Hao et al., J. Appl. Phys. 121, 094308 (2017)], where the pore-edge electric field has its own scattering rate to be added to the scattering rates of other mechanisms.
Uniqueness range optimization of photocarrier transport parameter measurements using combined quantitative heterodyne lock-in carrierography imaging and photocarrier radiometry
Authors: Song Peng , Melnikov Alexander , Sun Qiming , Mandelis Andreas , Liu Junyan
Published: February 2019

Simulations were carried out to study the uniqueness range of Heterodyne Lock-in Carrierography (HeLIC) imaging measurements of carrier transport parameters (bulk lifetime, diffusion coefficient, and front and back surface recombination velocities) of silicon wafers. Theoretically, HeLIC can resolve all four transport parameters; however, in practice, the presence of experimental noise does not allow all those parameters to be measured reliably and uniquely from HeLIC images alone. An extended range of simultaneously determined unique transport parameters was attained through the combination of HeLIC camera pixel and photocarrier radiometry (PCR) experimental frequency response data via a multi-parameter fitting procedure. Two n- and p-type wafers with different surface recombination velocities were used to illustrate the simulation results. Quantitative HeLIC images of diffusion coefficients and surface recombination velocities were obtained, with bulk lifetime values determined from PCR frequency scan measurements. The combined approach was shown to be able to resolve all four transport parameters uniquely and thus reliably.
Physical exertion exacerbates decline in the musculature of an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Hughes K. J. , Rodriguez A. , Flatt K. M. , Ray S. , Schuler A. , Rodemoyer B. , Veerappan V. , Cuciarone K. , Kullman A. , Lim C. , Gutta N. , Vemuri S. , Andriulis V. , Niswonger D. , Barickman L. , Stein W. , Singhvi A. , Schroeder N. E. , Vidal-Gadea A. G.
Published: February 2019

Significance

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a degenerative disease affecting tens of thousands of people in the United States alone. Much remains unknown about the disease, including the chain of events that links the loss of dystrophin to muscle death, and the extent to which exercise might be able to protect degenerating muscles. We used the nematode
Caenorhabditis elegans
to show that sarcoplasmic calcium dysregulation takes place in dystrophic muscles before other overt signs of damage manifest. When placed in assays that altered muscular activity by increasing either contraction frequency or amplitude, we observed several metrics associated with muscular repair increase. However, no treatment positively affected the life expectancy of dystrophic animals.
Radiocarbon dates and Bayesian modeling support maritime diffusion model for megaliths in Europe
Authors: Schulz Paulsson B.
Published: February 2019

Significance

For thousands of years, prehistoric societies built monumental grave architecture and erected standing stones in the coastal regions of Europe (4500–2500 calibrated years BC). Our understanding of the rise of these megalithic societies is contentious and patchy; the origin for the emergence of megalithic architecture in various regions has been controversial and debated for over 100 y. The result presented here, based on analyses of 2,410 radiocarbon dates and highly precise chronologies for megalithic sites and related contexts, suggests maritime mobility and intercultural exchange. We argue for the transfer of the megalithic concept over sea routes emanating from northwest France, and for advanced maritime technology and seafaring in the megalithic Age.
Fermi surface reconstruction in electron-doped cuprates without antiferromagnetic long-range order
Authors: He Junfeng , Rotundu Costel R. , Scheurer Mathias S. , He Yu , Hashimoto Makoto , Xu Ke-Jun , Wang Yao , Huang Edwin W. , Jia Tao , Chen Sudi , Moritz Brian , Lu Donghui , Lee Young S. , Devereaux Thomas P. , Shen Zhi-xun
Published: February 2019

Significance

Fermi surface (FS) topology is a fundamental property of metals and superconductors. In electron-doped cuprate Nd

2−
x

Ce

x

CuO
4
, an unexpected FS reconstruction has been observed in optimal- and overdoped regime (
x
= 0.15 − 0.17) by quantum oscillation measurements (QOM). This is puzzling because neutron scattering suggests that the antiferromagnetic long-range order, which is believed to reconstruct the FS, vanishes before
x
= 0.14. Here, we report angle-resolved photoemission evidence of FS reconstruction. The observed FSs are in quantitative agreement with QOM, suggesting an intrinsic FS reconstruction without field. Furthermore, the energy gap of the reconstruction decreases rapidly near
x
= 0.17 like an order parameter, echoing the quantum critical doping in transport. The totality of the data points to a mysterious order between
x
= 0.14 and 0.17.
Differences in the metabolite composition and mechanical properties of extracellular vesicles secreted by hepatic cellular models
Authors: Royo Felix , Gil‐Carton David , Gonzalez Esperanza , Mleczko Justyna , Palomo Laura , Perez‐Cormenzana Miriam , Mayo Rebeca , Alonso Cristina , Falcon‐Perez Juan M.
Published: February 2019

Liver constitutes the major metabolic factory in the organism and is involved in the synthesis, secretion and clearance of many blood‐circulating molecules. Previously, we have characterised the protein and RNA cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by two hepatic cellular models, a mouse hepatocyte progenitor cell line (MLP29) and primary rat hepatocytes (RHs). Here, we report the metabolome profile of these vesicles by performing a targeted UHPLC‐MS metabolomics analysis of these two cellular models and their respective secreted EVs. Visual inspection of the data through principal component analysis allows clear separation of the metabolic profile of cells and EVs, and also of both cellular models. Correlation matrix supported that lipid composition of EVs is mainly determined by parent cell composition. EVs derived from MLP29 and RHs showed a negative correlation in their percentage composition of ceramides, glycerophospholipids, sphingomyelins and triglycerides. Metabolites enriched in EVs were also different depending on the cellular model. EVs secreted by MLP29 were enriched in different species of sphingomyelins and ceramides underrepresented in EVs secreted by RHs. Remarkably, triglycerides constitute an important percentage of the composition of EVs derived from RHs. We further investigate if the differences in lipid composition were also accompanied by differences in mechanical behaviour, by using atomic force microscopy complemented with nanoindentation‐based methodology. To compare the stiffness and brittleness of EVs derived from MLP29 cell line and RH primary cells, FZ curves were performed in the centre of single vesicles and the differences found in their force‐vs.‐indentation curves suggest that RHs EVs are softer (less stiff) and less resistance to mechanical failure than MLP29 EVs. Therefore, we can conclude that EVs from different origin carry a characteristic lipid composition related to their parental cell composition, and exhibit different mechanical properties.

Abbreviations: For the identification of the different species of lipids, the following abbreviations has been employed: Cer, ceramide; ChoE, Cholesteryl Ester; CMH, monohexosylceramide; DAG, diglycerid; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholin; LPI, lysophosphatidyinositol; PC, phosphocoline; PE, phoethanolamine; PI, phosphoinositol; SM, sphingomyelin; TAG, triglycerid
Gαs-coupled receptor signaling and sleep regulate integrin activation of human antigen-specific T cells
Authors: Dimitrov Stoyan , Lange Tanja , Gouttefangeas Cécile , Jensen Anja T.R. , Szczepanski Michael , Lehnnolz Jannik , Soekadar Surjo , Rammensee Hans-Georg , Born Jan , Besedovsky Luciana
Published: February 2019

Efficient T cell responses require the firm adhesion of T cells to their targets, e.g., virus-infected cells, which depends on T cell receptor (TCR)–mediated activation of β2-integrins. Gαs-coupled receptor agonists are known to have immunosuppressive effects, but their impact on TCR-mediated integrin activation is unknown. Using multimers of peptide major histocompatibility complex molecules (pMHC) and of ICAM-1—the ligand of β2-integrins—we show that the Gαs-coupled receptor agonists isoproterenol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, prostaglandin (PG) E2, PGD2, and adenosine strongly inhibit integrin activation on human CMV- and EBV-specific CD8+ T cells in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, sleep, a natural condition of low levels of Gαs-coupled receptor agonists, up-regulates integrin activation compared with nocturnal wakefulness, a mechanism possibly underlying some of the immune-supportive effects of sleep. The findings are also relevant for several pathologies associated with increased levels of Gαs-coupled receptor agonists (e.g., tumor growth, malaria, hypoxia, stress, and sleep disturbances).
Optimizing of Raman gain and bandwidth for dual pump fiber optical parametric amplifiers based on four-wave mixing
Authors: Elkhashab Hatem , Mustafa Fathy , Barakat Tamer
Published: February 2019

This article has been retracted by IOP Publishing Limited as it contains substantial overlap with the following article published in Journal of Telecommunications System & Management: El-khashab et al 2018 J. Telecommun. Syst. Manage.
7 1. As a member of the Committee for Publication Ethics (COPE), IOP Publishing Limited has investigated this in accordance with COPE guidelines and it was agreed the article should be retracted. IOP Publishing Limited have been unable to contact the authors regarding this retraction, despite numerous attempts. The authors are encouraged to contact IOP Publishing Limited if they wish to contest this retraction.
The New Frontier: A Review of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Plastic Surgery
Authors: Sayadi Lohrasb R , Naides Alexandra , Eng Maddie , Fijany Arman , Chopan Mustafa , Sayadi Jamasb J , Shaterian Ashkaun , Banyard Derek A , Evans Gregory R D , Vyas Raj , Widgerow Alan D
Published: February 2019

Mixed reality, a blending of the physical and digital worlds, can enhance the surgical experience, leading to greater precision, efficiency, and improved outcomes. Various studies across different disciplines have reported encouraging results using mixed reality technologies, such as augmented and virtual reality. To provide a better understanding of the applications and limitations of this technology in plastic surgery, we performed a systematic review of the literature in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The initial query of the National Center for Biotechnology Information database yielded 2544 results, and only 46 articles met our inclusion criteria. The majority of studies were in the field of craniofacial surgery, and uses of mixed reality included preoperative planning, intraoperative guides, and education of surgical trainees. A deeper understanding of mixed reality technologies may promote its integration and also help inspire new and creative applications in healthcare.
mCSEA: detecting subtle differentially methylated regions
Authors: Martorell-Marugán Jordi , González-Rumayor Víctor , Carmona-Sáez Pedro
Published: February 2019

Motivation

The identification of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) among phenotypes is one of the main goals of epigenetic analysis. Although there are several methods developed to detect DMRs, most of them are focused on detecting relatively large differences in methylation levels and fail to detect moderate, but consistent, methylation changes that might be associated to complex disorders.

Results

We present mCSEA, an R package that implements a Gene Set Enrichment Analysis method to identify DMRs from Illumina450K and EPIC array data. It is especially useful for detecting subtle, but consistent, methylation differences in complex phenotypes. mCSEA also implements functions to integrate gene expression data and to detect genes with significant correlations among methylation and gene expression patterns. Using simulated datasets we show that mCSEA outperforms other tools in detecting DMRs. In addition, we applied mCSEA to a previously published dataset of sibling pairs discordant for intrauterine hyperglycemia exposure. We found several differentially methylated promoters in genes related to metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes, demonstrating the potential of mCSEA to identify DMRs not detected by other methods.

Availability and implementation

mCSEA is freely available from the Bioconductor repository.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
“Mapping” Media Spaces: Smoothness, Striation, and the Expropriation of Desire in American Journalism from Postindustrial to Datafied Capitalism
Authors: Fitzgerald Andrew Arthur
Published: February 2019

The future of journalism in the digital age is a major topic of both vocational and academic debate—as is the question of whether anything is “new” with the rise of the digital more broadly. This article argues for a redeployment of Deleuze and Guattari’s concepts of “smooth” and “striated” space. Conducting a synthesis of a new wave of scholarship on digital journalism with the body of “sociology of news” literature from the late 1970s and 1980s, it maps continuities and intensifications of processes in the interplay between journalistic desire and the constraints of liberal capitalism, while also noting a key shift in the relationship between journalism and dominant economic classes, concomitant with a new form of “datafied capitalism.”