bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and Regionalization of Streamflow Routing Parameters Using Machine Learning for the HLM Hydrological Model in Iowa
Authors: Velásquez Nicolás , Mantilla Ricardo , Krajewski Witold , Quintero Felipe , Zanchetta André D. L.
Published: June 2022

We present a novel approach to determine spatially distributed routing parameters for the distributed hydrological Hillslope Link Model (HLM), an ordinary differential equations‐based streamflow forecasting model implemented and tested in Iowa. We being by developing a technique to determine two model parameters that control the channel routing equation in gauged catchments draining less than 1,300 km2. Then, we implement a parameter regionalization methodology using machine learning classification techniques and a bootstrap procedure, in which we trained 400 Random Forests (RFs) using physical and geomorphological features for classification. We made a regional interpolation using an ensemble of selected RF realizations that exhibited the best performance. We used as benchmark of our results a more straightforward interpolation technique based on USGS Hydrological Units Codes. We performed simulations of the HLM over the entire state of Iowa between 2012 and 2018 using the two regionalization methods, comparing them to the operational model used by the Iowa Flood Center, which applies a single set of parameter values to the entire domain. After evaluating the results at 148 USGS stations, the Random‐Forest approach captures the value of observed peak flows more precisely without losing performance in terms of the Kling Gupta Efficiency index. The improvements obtained using our proposed strategy that uses data, hydrological modeling, and a machine learning technique to identify and regionalize routing parameters are modest, indicating that the parameters that control the rainfall‐runoff transformation dominate uncertainty in our flood forecast model.
Potential Impacts of Aerosol on Diurnal Variation of Precipitation in Autumn Over the Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Liu Jiajun , Zhao Chuanfeng , Lin Yanluan , Zhang Qiang , Liu Huan , Xiao Qingyang , Peng Yiran
Published: June 2022

This study investigates the autumn precipitation in Sichuan Basin (SB), China in combination with reanalysis data sets of aerosol and meteorological fields from 2008 to 2018. To identify the aerosol impacts on precipitation, we carefully selected and divided the data into multiple groups according to vorticity, precipitation amount category, aerosol pollution level, and the geopotential height (GH) in the upper troposphere. Our data show that the precipitation in SB are generally reduced and weakened in afternoon to evening, but enhanced and intensified after midnight under the aerosol polluted condition. By analyzing data contrasts between different groups, we find that aerosol pollution in SB reduces shortwave heating near surface, which enhances the tropospheric stability and inhibits the vertical motion and rainfall in the afternoon to early evening. As the stability reduces within the basin, the vertical motions are invigorated to enhance and intensify the rain after midnight. Therefore, we conclude that the aerosol pollution in SB and the rapid adjustment of aerosol‐radiation interaction amplify the diurnal features of precipitation in autumn.
Mice with Trp53 and Rb1 deficiency in chondrocytes spontaneously develop chondrosarcoma via overactivation of YAP signaling
Authors: Li Yang , Yang Shuting , Liu Yang , Yang Shuying
Published: June 2022

Chondrosarcoma (CHS) is a rare type of soft sarcoma with increased production of cartilage matrix arising from soft bone tissues. Currently, surgical resection is the primary clinical treatment for chondrosarcoma due to the poor response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the therapeutic effect is not satisfactory due to the higher local recurrence rate. Thus, management and elucidation of the pathological mechanism of chondrosarcoma remain an ongoing challenge, and the development of effective chondrosarcoma mouse models and treatment options are urgently needed. Here, we generated a new transgenic chondrosarcoma model by double conditional deletions of Trp53 and Rb1 in chondrocyte lineage which spontaneously caused spinal chondrosarcoma and lung metastasis. Bioinformatic analysis of the human soft sarcoma database showed that Trp53 and Rb1 genes had higher mutations, reaching up to approximately 33.5% and 8.7%, respectively. Additionally, Trp53 and Rb1 signatures were decreased in the human and mouse chondrosarcoma tissues. Mechanistically, we found that YAP expression and activity were significantly increased in mouse Col2-Cre;Trp53f/f/Rb1f/fchondrosarcoma tissues compared to the adjacent normal cartilage. Knockdown of YAP in primary chondrosarcoma cells significantly inhibited chondrosarcoma proliferation, invasion, and tumorsphere formation. Chondrocyte lineage ablation of YAP delayed chondrosarcoma progression and lung metastasis in Col2-Cre;Trp53f/f/Rb1f/fmice. Moreover, we found that metformin served as a YAP inhibitor, which bound to the activity area of YAP protein, and inhibited chondrosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and progression in vitro and significantly suppressed chondrosarcoma formation in vivo. Collectively, this study identifies the inhibition of YAP may be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of chondrosarcoma.
The sodium/myo-inositol co-transporter SLC5A3 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell growth
Authors: Cui Zihan , Mu Chuanyong , Wu Zhichao , Pan Shu , Cheng Zewen , Zhang Zhi-qing , Zhao Jun , Xu Chun
Published: June 2022

Identification of novel molecular signaling targets for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is important. The present study examined expression, functions and possible underlying mechanisms of the sodium/myo-inositol co-transporter SLC5A3 in NSCLC. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and local NSCLC tissue results demonstrated that SLC5A3 expression in NSCLC tissues (including patient-derived primary NSCLC cells) was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissues and lung epithelial cells. In primary NSCLC cells and immortalized lines, SLC5A3 depletion, using small hairpin RNA (shRNA) and CRSIRP/Cas9 methods, robustly impeded cell proliferation and migration, simultaneously provoking cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Conversely, ectopic overexpression of SLC5A3 further enhanced proliferation and migration in primary NSCLC cells. The intracellular myo-inositol contents and Akt-mTOR activation were largely inhibited by SLC5A3 silencing or knockout (KO), but were augmented following SLC5A3 overexpression in primary NSCLC cells. Significantly, SLC5A3 KO-induced anti-NSCLC cell activity was largely ameliorated by exogenously adding myo-inositol or by a constitutively-active Akt construct. By employing the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, we found that the growth of subcutaneous NSCLC xenografts in nude mice was largely inhibited by intratumoral injection SLC5A3 shRNA adeno-associated virus (AAV). SLC5A3 silencing, myo-inositol depletion, Akt-mTOR inactivation and apoptosis induction were detected in SLC5A3 shRNA virus-injected NSCLC xenograft tissues. Together, elevated SLC5A3 promotes NSCLC cell growth possibly by maintaining myo-inositol contents and promoting Akt-mTOR activation.
Recovery of neural dynamics criticality in personalized whole-brain models of stroke
Authors: Rocha Rodrigo P. , Koçillari Loren , Suweis Samir , De Filippo De Grazia Michele , de Schotten Michel Thiebaut , Zorzi Marco , Corbetta Maurizio
Published: June 2022

The critical brain hypothesis states that biological neuronal networks, because of their structural and functional architecture, work near phase transitions for optimal response to internal and external inputs. Criticality thus provides optimal function and behavioral capabilities. We test this hypothesis by examining the influence of brain injury (strokes) on the criticality of neural dynamics estimated at the level of single participants using directly measured individual structural connectomes and whole-brain models. Lesions engender a sub-critical state that recovers over time in parallel with behavior. The improvement of criticality is associated with the re-modeling of specific white-matter connections. We show that personalized whole-brain dynamical models poised at criticality track neural dynamics, alteration post-stroke, and behavior at the level of single participants.
Sharing the effort of the European Green Deal among countries
Authors: Steininger Karl W. , Williges Keith , Meyer Lukas H. , Maczek Florian , Riahi Keywan
Published: June 2022

In implementing the European Green Deal to align with the Paris Agreement, the EU has raised its climate ambition and in 2022 is negotiating the distribution of increased mitigation effort among Member States. Such partitioning of targets among subsidiary entities is becoming a major challenge for implementation of climate policies around the globe. We contrast the 2021 European Commission proposal - an allocation based on a singular country attribute - with transparent and reproducible methods based on three ethical principles. We go beyond traditional effort-sharing literature and explore allocations representing an aggregated least regret compromise between different EU country perspectives on a fair allocation. While the 2021 proposal represents a nuanced compromise for many countries, for others a further redistribution could be considered equitable. Whereas we apply our approach within the setting of the EU negotiations, the framework can easily be adapted to inform debates worldwide on sharing mitigation effort among subsidiary entities.
Cancer cells dying from ferroptosis impede dendritic cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Wiernicki Bartosz , Maschalidi Sophia , Pinney Jonathan , Adjemian Sandy , Vanden Berghe Tom , Ravichandran Kodi S. , Vandenabeele Peter
Published: June 2022

Immunogenic cell death significantly contributes to the success of anti-cancer therapies, but immunogenicity of different cell death modalities widely varies. Ferroptosis, a form of cell death that is characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, has not yet been fully evaluated from this perspective. Here we present an inducible model of ferroptosis, distinguishing three phases in the process—‘initial’ associated with lipid peroxidation, ‘intermediate’ correlated with ATP release and ‘terminal’ recognized by HMGB1 release and loss of plasma membrane integrity—that serves as tool to study immune cell responses to ferroptotic cancer cells. Co-culturing ferroptotic cancer cells with dendritic cells (DC), reveals that ‘initial’ ferroptotic cells decrease maturation of DC, are poorly engulfed, and dampen antigen cross-presentation. DC loaded with ferroptotic, in contrast to necroptotic, cancer cells fail to protect against tumor growth. Adding ferroptotic cancer cells to immunogenic apoptotic cells dramatically reduces their prophylactic vaccination potential. Our study thus shows that ferroptosis negatively impacts antigen presenting cells and hence the adaptive immune response, which might hinder therapeutic applications of ferroptosis induction.
A unique Co@CoO catalyst for hydrogenolysis of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dimethylfuran
Authors: Xiang Shuang , Dong Lin , Wang Zhi-Qiang , Han Xue , Daemen Luke L. , Li Jiong , Cheng Yongqiang , Guo Yong , Liu Xiaohui , Hu Yongfeng , Ramirez-Cuesta Anibal J. , Yang Sihai , Gong Xue-Qing , Wang Yanqin
Published: June 2022

The development of precious-metal-free catalysts to promote the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals from biomass remains an important and challenging target. Here, we report the efficient hydrogenolysis of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dimethylfuran over a unique core-shell structured catalyst, Co@CoO that affords the highest productivity among all catalysts, including noble-metal-based catalysts, reported to date. Surprisingly, we find that the catalytically active sites reside on the shell of CoO with oxygen vacancies rather than the metallic Co. The combination of various spectroscopic experiments and computational modelling reveals that the CoO shell incorporating oxygen vacancies not only drives the heterolytic cleavage, but also the homolytic cleavage of H2 to yield more active Hδ− species, resulting in the exceptional catalytic activity. Co@CoO also exhibits excellent activity toward the direct hydrodeoxygenation of lignin model compounds. This study unlocks, for the first time, the potential of simple metal-oxide-based catalysts for the hydrodeoxygenation of renewable biomass to chemical feedstocks.
Light-induced charge generation in polymeric nanoparticles restores vision in advanced-stage retinitis pigmentosa rats
Authors: Francia S. , Shmal D. , Di Marco S. , Chiaravalli G. , Maya-Vetencourt J. F. , Mantero G. , Michetti C. , Cupini S. , Manfredi G. , DiFrancesco M. L. , Rocchi A. , Perotto S. , Attanasio M. , Sacco R. , Bisti S. , Mete M. , Pertile G. , Lanzani G. , Colombo E. , Benfenati F.
Published: June 2022

Retinal dystrophies such as Retinitis pigmentosa are among the most prevalent causes of inherited legal blindness, for which treatments are in demand. Retinal prostheses have been developed to stimulate the inner retinal network that, initially spared by degeneration, deteriorates in the late stages of the disease. We recently reported that conjugated polymer nanoparticles persistently rescue visual activities after a single subretinal injection in the Royal College of Surgeons rat model of Retinitis pigmentosa. Here we demonstrate that conjugated polymer nanoparticles can reinstate physiological signals at the cortical level and visually driven activities when microinjected in 10-months-old Royal College of Surgeons rats bearing fully light-insensitive retinas. The extent of visual restoration positively correlates with the nanoparticle density and hybrid contacts with second-order retinal neurons. The results establish the functional role of organic photovoltaic nanoparticles in restoring visual activities in fully degenerate retinas with intense inner retina rewiring, a stage of the disease in which patients are subjected to prosthetic interventions.
Hsp multichaperone complex buffers pathologically modified Tau
Authors: Moll Antonia , Ramirez Lisa Marie , Ninov Momchil , Schwarz Juliane , Urlaub Henning , Zweckstetter Markus
Published: June 2022

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder in which misfolding and aggregation of pathologically modified Tau is critical for neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. The two central chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp90 coordinate protein homeostasis, but the nature of the interaction of Tau with the Hsp70/Hsp90 machinery has remained enigmatic. Here we show that Tau is a high-affinity substrate of the human Hsp70/Hsp90 machinery. Complex formation involves extensive intermolecular contacts, blocks Tau aggregation and depends on Tau’s aggregation-prone repeat region. The Hsp90 co-chaperone p23 directly binds Tau and stabilizes the multichaperone/substrate complex, whereas the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CHIP efficiently disassembles the machinery targeting Tau to proteasomal degradation. Because phosphorylated Tau binds the Hsp70/Hsp90 machinery but is not recognized by Hsp90 alone, the data establish the Hsp70/Hsp90 multichaperone complex as a critical regulator of Tau in neurodegenerative diseases.
GenomicSuperSignature facilitates interpretation of RNA-seq experiments through robust, efficient comparison to public databases
Authors: Oh Sehyun , Geistlinger Ludwig , Ramos Marcel , Blankenberg Daniel , van den Beek Marius , Taroni Jaclyn N. , Carey Vincent J. , Greene Casey S. , Waldron Levi , Davis Sean
Published: June 2022

Millions of transcriptomic profiles have been deposited in public archives, yet remain underused for the interpretation of new experiments. We present a method for interpreting new transcriptomic datasets through instant comparison to public datasets without high-performance computing requirements. We apply Principal Component Analysis on 536 studies comprising 44,890 human RNA sequencing profiles and aggregate sufficiently similar loading vectors to form Replicable Axes of Variation (RAV). RAVs are annotated with metadata of originating studies and by gene set enrichment analysis. Functionality to associate new datasets with RAVs, extract interpretable annotations, and provide intuitive visualization are implemented as the GenomicSuperSignature R/Bioconductor package. We demonstrate the efficient and coherent database search, robustness to batch effects and heterogeneous training data, and transfer learning capacity of our method using TCGA and rare diseases datasets. GenomicSuperSignature aids in analyzing new gene expression data in the context of existing databases using minimal computing resources.
Structural basis for defective membrane targeting of mutant enzyme in human VLCAD deficiency
Authors: Prew Michelle S. , Camara Christina M. , Botzanowski Thomas , Moroco Jamie A. , Bloch Noah B. , Levy Hannah R. , Seo Hyuk-Soo , Dhe-Paganon Sirano , Bird Gregory H. , Herce Henry D. , Gygi Micah A. , Escudero Silvia , Wales Thomas E. , Engen John R. , Walensky Loren D.
Published: June 2022

Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) is an inner mitochondrial membrane enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of long-chain fatty acid oxidation. Point mutations in human VLCAD can produce an inborn error of metabolism called VLCAD deficiency that can lead to severe pathophysiologic consequences, including cardiomyopathy, hypoglycemia, and rhabdomyolysis. Discrete mutations in a structurally-uncharacterized C-terminal domain region of VLCAD cause enzymatic deficiency by an incompletely defined mechanism. Here, we conducted a structure-function study, incorporating X-ray crystallography, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, computational modeling, and biochemical analyses, to characterize a specific membrane interaction defect of full-length, human VLCAD bearing the clinically-observed mutations, A450P or L462P. By disrupting a predicted α-helical hairpin, these mutations either partially or completely impair direct interaction with the membrane itself. Thus, our data support a structural basis for VLCAD deficiency in patients with discrete mutations in an α-helical membrane-binding motif, resulting in pathologic enzyme mislocalization.
Future Southern Ocean warming linked to projected ENSO variability
Authors: Wang Guojian , Cai Wenju , Santoso Agus , Wu Lixin , Fyfe John C. , Yeh Sang-Wook , Ng Benjamin , Yang Kai , McPhaden Michael J.
Published: June 2022

The Southern Ocean is a primary heat sink that buffers atmospheric warming and has warmed substantially, accounting for an outsized portion of global warming-induced excess heat in the climate system. However, its projected warming is highly uncertain and varies substantially across climate models. Here, using outputs from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase six models, we show that Southern Ocean warming during the twenty-first century is linked to the change in amplitude of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Models simulating a larger increase in ENSO amplitude systematically produce a slower Southern Ocean warming; conversely, a smaller increase in ENSO amplitude sees a stronger warming. The asymmetry in amplitude and teleconnection between El Niño and La Niña produce cumulative surface wind anomalies over the southern high latitudes, impacting Southern Ocean heat uptake. The magnitude of inter-model ENSO variations accounts for about 50% of the uncertainty in the projected Southern Ocean warming.
Second-look arthroscopic and magnetic resonance analysis after internal fixation of osteochondral lesions of the talus
Authors: Choi Young Rak , Kim Bom Soo , Kim Yu Mi , Park Jae Yong , Cho Jae Ho , Ahn Joong Taek , Kim Hyong Nyun
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate cartilage quality after internal fixation of osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) using second-look arthroscopies and MRIs. Thirty-four patients underwent internal fixation of OLTs involving large bone fragments. Twenty-one of these patients underwent second-look arthroscopies and 23 patients underwent MRIs postoperatively. The arthroscopic findings were assessed using the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grading system, and the MRI findings were evaluated using the Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score. Five of the patients who underwent second-look arthroscopies showed normal cartilage, 12 showed nearly normal cartilage, 3 showed abnormal cartilage, and 1 showed severely abnormal cartilage, according to the overall ICRS repair grades. All the patients who achieved bone fragment union showed normal, or nearly normal cartilage upon second-look arthroscopy. The ICRS and MOCART scores were significantly higher for the patients with bone fragment union compared to those with nonunion (ICRS scores: 10.3 ± 1.5 vs. 6.0 ± 2.0,p < 0.001, MOCART score: 88.3 ± 10.0 vs. 39.0 ± 20.4,p < 0.001). Low signal intensities of the bone fragments on preoperative T1-weighted MRIs were not associated with nonunion (Fisher's exact test,p = 0.55), and the signal intensities increased postoperatively to levels similar to the underlying talus when bone union was achieved. Second-look arthroscopy and MRI showed normal, or nearly normal, cartilage after internal fixation of OLTs when bone union was achieved. The nonunion of bone fragments resulted in inferior cartilage quality.
Size-dependent aerosol iron solubility in an urban atmosphere
Authors: Liu Lei , Li Weijun , Lin Qiuhan , Wang Yue , Zhang Jian , Zhu Yanhong , Yuan Qi , Zhou Shengzhen , Zhang Daizhou , Baldo Clarissa , Shi Zongbo
Published: June 2022

Size distribution of aerosol iron (Fe) concentration and solubility determines their environmental and health impacts but they are rarely reported. In this study, size-resolved aerosol particles were collected in Hangzhou, a Chinese megacity upwind of the Asian outflow to the Pacific Ocean. Total and dissolved Fe collected under non-haze, haze, and dust conditions were determined. Results show that total Fe concentrations displayed a unimodal distribution peaking at 3.2–5.6 μm under non-haze and dust conditions, but a bimodal distribution under the haze condition peaking at 3.2–5.6 μm and 0.32–0.56 μm. Dissolved Fe under the non-haze, haze, and dust conditions all displayed bimodal size distributions with one peak in the fine-mode (0.056–1.0 μm) fraction and one peak in the coarse-mode (>1.0 μm) fraction. Fe enrichment factor in fine-mode particles under the haze condition is up to 17.8, suggesting a potential contribution from anthropogenic Fe. Fe solubility in total suspended particles under the haze condition (3.8%) is significantly higher than those under non-haze (2.6%) and particularly dust (0.5%) conditions. Furthermore, Fe solubilities in fine-mode particles under non-haze (10.8%) and haze (10.9%) conditions were much higher than those (1.5% and 2.4%) in coarse-mode particles. We found that Fe solubility was correlated positively with aerosol acidity and negatively with particle size from 0.32 to 5.6 μm. Individual particle analysis further reveals that nanosized iron oxides were internally mixed with acidic sulfates/nitrates under the haze condition. Our results indicate that the strong size dependence of aerosol Fe solubility is associated with the differences in sources of aerosol Fe and its acidic processing.
Anisotropic MagnetoMemristance
Authors: Caravelli Francesco , Iacocca Ezio , Chern Gia-Wei , Nisoli Cristano , de Araujo Clodoaldo I. L.
Published: June 2022

In the last decade, nanoscale resistive devices with memory have been the subject of intense study because of their possible use in brain-inspired computing. However, operational endurance is one of the limiting factors in the adoption of such technology. For this reason, we discuss the emergence of current-induced memristance in magnetic materials, known for their durability. We show analytically and numerically that a single ferromagnetic layer can possess GHz memristance, due to a combination of two factors: a current-induced transfer of angular momentum (Zhang-Li torque) and the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR). We term the resulting effect the anisotropic magneto-memristance (AMM). We connect the AMM to the topology of the magnetization state, within a simple model of a one-dimensional annulus-shaped magnetic layer, confirming the analytical results with micromagnetic simulations for permalloy. Our results open a new path towards the realization of single-layer magnetic memristive devices operating at GHz frequencies.
Air quality improvements are projected to weaken the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation through radiative forcing effects
Authors: Hassan Taufiq , Allen Robert J. , Liu Wei , Shim Sungbo , van Noije Twan , Le Sager Philippe , Oshima Naga , Deushi Makoto , Randles Cynthia A. , O’Connor Fiona M.
Published: June 2022

Observations indicate the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation-a fundamental component of the ocean’s global conveyor belt-is weakening. Although causes remain uncertain, such weakening is consistent with increasing greenhouse gases. Recent studies also suggest that anthropogenic emissions associated with air pollution can impact the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Here, we use four state-of-the-art chemistry-climate models to quantify how efforts to improve future air quality, via near-term climate forcer mitigation, will impact the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Future reductions in aerosols, ozone and precursor gases alone induces end-of-century weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation by up to 10%. However, when methane reductions are also included, this weakening is offset. The responses are best explained by changes in the North Atlantic radiative forcing. Thus, efforts to improve air quality must also target methane and other greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide to avoid weakening of the world’s major ocean circulation system.
Analysis of pesticides, veterinary drugs, and environmental contaminants in goat and lamb by the QuEChERSER mega-method
Authors: Ninga Ederina , Lehotay Steven J. , Sapozhnikova Yelena , Lightfield Alan R. , Strahan Gary D. , Monteiro Sergio H.
Published: June 2022

The QuEChERSER mega-method was further characterized and validated to demonstrate its applicability to more analytes and commodities.
Hierarchical NiFeV hydroxide nanotubes: synthesis, topotactic transformation and electrocatalysis towards the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Li Qingying , Liu Xiaohe , Zheng Zhicheng , Chen Gen , Ma Renzhi , Wan Hao
Published: June 2022

Hierarchical NiFeV hydroxide nanotubes were prepared through a facile sacrificial template method. Composition optimization and subsequent topotactic transformation into phosphides were conducted for further enhanced electrocatalytic activity.
Significant enhancement of scintillation performance by inducing oxygen vacancies in alkali metal ion (A+ = Li+, Na+, K+)-incorporated (Lu, Sc)BO3:Ce
Authors: Yang Yun-Ling , Chen Jia-Xuan , Guo Fan , Huang Meng , Liang Shan-Shan , Li Qian-Li , Hu Jian-Feng , Zhao Jing-Tai , Gao Xing-Yu , Fu Ya-Nan , Lin Hui , Cheng Shuai , Zhang Zhi-Jun
Published: June 2022

The incorporation of Sc3+ can stabilize calcite-phase LuBO3:Ce3+ to grow large-sized single crystals but leads to the significant degradation of scintillation performance.
Gold nanocluster adjuvant enables the eradication of persister cells by antibiotics and abolishes the emergence of resistance
Authors: Cao Zhixin , Chen Xiaohua , Chen Jing , Xia Anping , Bacacao Brian , Tran Jessica , Sharma Devesh , Bekale Laurent A. , Santa Maria Peter L.
Published: June 2022

Anionic AuNC@CPP enters the cells and dissipates the proton gradient (ΔpH), which is compensated by an increase in electrical potential (ΔΨ) that leads to membrane hyperpolarization and enhances the susceptibility of persisters to antibiotics.
Enhancing superconductivity in MXenes through hydrogenation
Authors: Bekaert Jonas , Sevik Cem , Milošević Milorad V.
Published: June 2022

We reveal that superconductivity in MXenes, 2D crystals of transition metal carbides and nitrides, is strongly enhanced by surface functionalization with hydrogen. Elevated superconducting transition temperatures of up to 32 K are achieved.
A pH-independent electrochemical aptamer-based biosensor supports quantitative, real-time measurement in vivo
Authors: Li Shaoguang , Ferrer-Ruiz Andrés , Dai Jun , Ramos-Soriano Javier , Du Xuewei , Zhu Man , Zhang Wanxue , Wang Yuanyuan , Herranz M. Ángeles , Jing Le , Zhang Zishuo , Li Hui , Xia Fan , Martín Nazario
Published: June 2022

An electrochemical aptamer-based sensor, enabling in vivo measurements of drug concentrations directly in the bladder of living rats under pH-variable conditions, was developed employing a π-extended tetrathiafulvalene (exTTF) as redox reported.
Shape asymmetry — what's new?
Authors: Klingenberg Christian Peter
Published: June 2022

Studies of shape asymmetry have become increasingly abundant as the methods of geometric morphometrics have gained widespread use. Most of these studies have focussed on fluctuating asymmetry and have largely obtained similar results as more traditional analyses of asymmetry in distance measurements, but several notable differences have also emerged. A key difference is that shape analyses provide information on the patterns, not just the amount of variation, and therefore tend to be more sensitive. Such analyses have shown that apparently symmetric structures in animals consistently show directional asymmetry for shape, but not for size. Furthermore, the long-standing prediction that phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental heterogeneity can contribute to fluctuating asymmetry has been confirmed for the first time for the shape of flower parts (but not for size). Finally, shape analyses in structures with complex symmetry, such as many flowers, can distinguish multiple types of directional asymmetry, generated by distinct direction-giving factors, which combine to the single component observable in bilaterally symmetric structures. While analyses of shape asymmetry are broadly compatible with traditional analyses of asymmetry, they incorporate more detailed morphological information, particularly for structures with complex symmetry, and therefore can reveal subtle biological effects that would otherwise not be apparent. This makes them a promising tool for a wide range of studies in the basic and applied life sciences.
Study on the proportion of coal gasification slag paste filling material
Authors: He Chengqian , Wu Di
Published: June 2022

Aiming at the utilization of coal gasification slag, it is proposed to prepare coal gasification slag as mine filling material. The optimum ratio of cement: coal gasification slag: gangue is 1:5:1, the mass fraction is 70%, and the dosage of quicklime is 4%. The strength of backfill reaches 4.23mpa, which can meet the requirements of mine backfill strength.
High resolution sequence stratigraphic analysis of Qingyi section in Hei-258 area
Authors: Wang Weixuan
Published: June 2022

In order to solve the problems of unclear division of the delta front pre delta facies belt of the first member of Qing Dynasty in Hei-258 area of Daqingzijing in the south of Songliao Basin and the lack of a unified fine isochronous stratigraphic framework in the whole region, the types and genesis of the cycle interface of the first member of Qing Dynasty are summarized by using the core data of a coring well and the logging data of more than 70 wells, combined with the theory of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology, Establish a high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework and summarize the control of base level cycle on sedimentary evolution. The results show that the delta front subfacies are the main subfacies in the first member of Qinghe formation in Hei-258 area, and a small amount of pre delta deposits are developed in the northeast of the study area in some periods. The types of cycle interfaces are mainly Lake flooding surface of different levels, conversion interface from progradation to retrogradation or retrogradation to progradation, lithologic catastrophe interface, etc., and the short-term cycles are classified into three categories according to the structural style. The above understanding can provide a theoretical basis for the distribution range of sedimentary facies belt and the establishment of high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework in Daqingzijing area.
Potential Impact of Soil Inner Flow of the Loess Plateau Gully
Authors: Lei Na , Xiong Yufei
Published: June 2022

As an important process of soil water cycle, Soil Inner Flow plays an important role in the occurrence of runoff, the influence of soil structure, soil nutrient transport, slope stability and disaster forecasting. Based on previous research results, this article summarizes the three potential effects of mid-soil flow: the impact on soil structure, soil nutrient transport and slope stability, in order to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, and strengthen the control of mid-soil flow. The study of systems and control measures provides a reference for the development and utilization of soil midstream.
Study of Well Pattern Optimization Techniques in High Dip Angle Fault Block Reservoir
Authors: Xiao Lixian
Published: June 2022

The study area is a narrow complex fault block reservoir, which is characterized by large strata dip, large reservoir thickness and strong interlayer heterogeneity. At the initial stage of development, a set of stratigraphic series is adopted for development. At present, there are problems of unbalanced utilization between layers and rapid rise of water cut. In order to meet the needs of overseas oilfields to improve the oil production rate during the development period, this paper analyses the geological and development affecting factors of high productivity wells through the study of fine reservoir geological body, the quantitative characterization and distribution of remaining oil. Moreover, the optimization of the development pattern of small well spacing is studied. Through changing the development mode, adjusting the well pattern layer series, and deploying a set of well pattern in the fault area and enrichment area with remaining oil inter well in three dimensions to develop the oil layers with poor production of old wells, stereoscopic potential tapping can be attained. The method of layer by layer upward development is adopted, and the production is carried out in batches vertically, so as to reduce the contradiction between layers and increase the degree of reserve production, improve the oil production rate and recovery degree during the development period of the oilfield finally.
Discussion on Fracturing Stimulation and Reconstruction Technology in Oil Field
Authors: Jiang Xiaolei
Published: June 2022

Oil field fracturing technology is based on fracturing principle and plays an important role in oil field production. However, there may be safety problems, technical problems and environmental problems when applying oil field fracturing stimulation technology. Therefore, it is necessary to make clear the breakthrough point of oilfield fracturing technology, and transform the oilfield fracturing stimulation technology through horizontal well staged fracturing technology, repeated fracturing technology and clean water fracturing technology to improve the application quality of oilfield fracturing technology.
Study on Enhanced Oil Recovery Technology of LH2500 New Salt-Resistant Polymer
Authors: Wang Weian
Published: June 2022

In order to explore a new way to improve the development efficiency of polymer flooding in sewage system, the laboratory evaluation of LH2500 new salt-resistant polymer was carried out, and the field test was carried out in the middle of Xing 6 area in Daqing Oilfield. The indoor results show that compared with the 25 million polymer of Daqing Refining & Chemical Co., Ltd. under the same concentration of the cleaning system, the viscosity of LH2500 salt-resistant polymer is about 29% higher, the residual resistance is more than 10%, and the dynamic adsorption capacity is more than 5%. Increase the recovery rate by 4 percentage points. In the field application process, through optimizing the design of the oil displacement scheme of salt-resistant polymer and establishing the on-site dynamic tracking and adjustment technology, the development effect of the test area is remarkable, with the lowest water cut falling below 80% and the maximum drop reaching 15.6 percentage points, with the low value period as long as 22 months, the staged enhanced oil recovery rate reaching 13.5 percentage points, and the ultimate enhanced oil recovery rate is expected to reach more than 16 percentage points. Compared with ordinary polymer blocks, the recovery ratio in the test area is increased by more than 4 percentage points. At the same time, due to the dilution of sewage system, the excess sewage in oil field is effectively alleviated, and the high and stable yield of environmental protection is realized.
Comparative analysis of the characteristics of the fracture systems of the Yaojia and Quantou Formations in the X Oilfield
Authors: Liu Wenhui
Published: June 2022

With the gradual industrial development of the Fuyu oil formation in the X oilfield and the frequent occurrence of set losses in the stratigraphic parts of the Nengjiang Formation, the importance of the overall characterisation of the fracture system has increased significantly. By establishing an integrated model of the fracture system from the Nengjiang Formation to the Quantui Formation, research work such as batch extraction of fracture elements and comparative analysis of the characteristics of the fracture system in the X Oilfield was carried out. The study shows that the Yaojia Formation to Quantou Formation fault system, vertically, has a multi-phase fault inheritance relationship; when the faults formed at a later stage develop, the faults formed at an earlier stage are revived again and grow together with the later faults, and the development pattern of the present-day faults is the result of multiple phases of tectonic movements and the cumulative development of faults.
Application of multivariate linear methods to the development of a stratified system in Block II of Area A
Authors: Sun Hongshan
Published: June 2022

This study is a numerical simulation study of different stratigraphic development schemes for three encrypted well networks based on historical fitting by establishing a fine geological model for Block II of Area A. The relationship between reservoir physical parameters and recovery rates for different stratigraphic combinations is obtained by applying multiple linearity regression methods to guide the delineation of stratigraphic development sections in multi-layered non-homogeneous reservoirs.
Study on the optimal plug size design of weak alkaline ternary composite driven in block II7-12 of an oilfield A
Authors: Xing Beibei
Published: June 2022

The weakly alkaline ternary compound drive block in Block A II7-12 oil formation is the first block in an oilfield to adopt the lipopeptide compounded weakly alkaline ternary system for industrial production, and the explored target layer II7-12 belongs to Class IIB+ Class III oil formation. In view of the nature of the oil formation in the block, a study combining indoor physical model rating and numerical simulation was carried out, and the optimization of the size of the extended ternary main and secondary plugs was taken in the process according to the dynamic response at the right time to further improve the recovery rate and increase the economic benefits.
Prediction Method of Well Pattern Infilling Effect in Ultra-low Permeability Reservoir of X Oilfield
Authors: Yan Ying
Published: June 2022

In this paper, firstly, the introduction of well pattern infill in ultra-low permeability reservoir is analyzed in detail, and then combined with the change law of well pattern infill in ultra-low permeability reservoir and the prediction process of well pattern infill in ultra-low permeability reservoir, the prediction results of well pattern infill in ultra-low permeability reservoir are summarized.
Analysis on the difference of producing state of oil layers in Changyuan area and its causes
Authors: Wang Haiping
Published: June 2022

In view of the differences in the production status of non main reservoirs in the old area of Changyuan, combined with dynamic and static data, this paper runs a comprehensive analysis method, through the production analysis of different reservoir groups and different sand body types, studies and analyzes the causes and distribution characteristics of long-term non main reservoirs, and defines the methods and supporting adjustment technologies to improve the production status of thin and poor reservoirs.
Study of single well pressurization and water injection experiments in low permeability reservoirs
Authors: He Lei
Published: June 2022

In the process of water injection development in low-permeability and extra-low-permeability oil fields, the water absorption capacity of injection wells continues to decline, and the number of under-injection wells is increasing, which affects the development effect of oil fields. In this paper, we take X oilfield as an example and carry out single-well pressurized water injection tests to determine the range of reasonable injection pressure for pressurized water injection and the geological conditions suitable for pressurized water injection. Through this project research, the water absorption capacity of injection wells can be effectively improved, and the oilfield development effect is improved, which provides a new idea to solve the problem of water injection difficulties in low permeability oilfield.
Application of Well-seismic Combination Technology in Tapping the Potential of Remaining Oil
Authors: Xu Longhong
Published: June 2022

Combined with the characteristics of well pattern with high density and abundant dynamic and static data, the application of well-seismic technology in tapping the potential of remaining oil can improve the exploitation level of remaining oil. Through fine structural interpretation and hierarchical method, the practical application of well-seismic combination technology is discussed. Well-seismic combination depicts sedimentary facies, analyzes sand body characteristics, uses fine digital reservoir simulation to analyze remaining oil distribution characteristics, and studies the tapping process of different types of remaining oil, providing technical support for the next development adjustment and scheme optimization.
Water injection performance analysis and fine potential tapping Countermeasures in heterogeneous reservoir
Authors: Zhou Jiyin
Published: June 2022

After the heterogeneous reservoir enters the middle and late stages of development, the problems due to water injection will become increasingly prominent. However, the requirements for water injection in reservoir development are also increasing. So how do we solve this big problem? And how to scientifically manage water injection wells, promote oil with water, improve water displacement efficiency, and make the reservoir enter a benign development state? First of all, we need to firmly remember the idea of “water well first, pay equal attention to oil and water”, lock the key points of water injection, and comprehensively improve the water injection management level from the aspects of surface, wellbore and underground, so as to consolidate the foundation of stable oil reservoir production.
Analysis of factors affecting water injection effect of single sand body and research on control measures
Authors: Han Fei
Published: June 2022

According to the isotopic data annular monitoring, test results, well group control degree and other data, the water absorption status trend map of single sand body is manually drawn by using the oil well sealing method and the equal interval data interpolation method to determine the morphological distribution and dynamic connectivity of groundwater bodies. The relationship between the single sand body is confirmed, and the specific measures for coordinating and improving the single sand body are proposed.
Application of monitoring method in the establishment and maintenance of gas cap injection barrier in a Oilfield
Authors: Chang Wei
Published: June 2022

In order to make technical reserves for developing gas cap and buffer zone in A Oilfield and explore effective development methods of gas cap reservoir, according to the overall development idea of oil-gas ring, a field test of gas cap injection and polymer barrier development buffer zone in Layer B was carried out in the structural axis of South Block in 2006. The test adopted the development mode of gas cap injection and polymer barrier development buffer zone, that is, the barrier was established by injecting polymer solution at the oil-gas boundary to separate natural gas from crude oil in buffer zone and keep relatively stable. In this paper, the morphological changes during the establishment and maintenance of barriers are found out by means of monitoring.
Analysis of the dominant seepage in high water-cut reservoirs by oilfield dynamic analysis and optimization software
Authors: Peng Jing
Published: June 2022

The advantages of seepage is in the middle and later periods of the oilfield development, long-term injection water flushing formed under the change of reservoir pore permeability structure, increase the reservoir heterogeneity of change, in order to weaken the advantage of seepage affects the development effect, this paper use of high water cut oilfield adjustment and optimization software, the dynamic analysis for modeling is used to identify the advantages of seepage of the R D oilfield blocks. The static parameters and dynamic parameters are analyzed respectively, and different discriminant indexes are used to calculate water injection well and production well. The determination index of dominant seepage layer is determined for small layer in development block. The probability classification statistics and comprehensive score of daily water injection volume of water injection well are carried out to find the well layer with dominant seepage development, which is also a research direction of fine geological research.
Adjustment method and understanding of water-cut recovery period in polymer injection block
Authors: Zou Rui
Published: June 2022

Taking an injection station in polymer injection block (BLOCK A) as an example, this paper proposed a series of measures such as stratification polymer injection and regional overall profile control to improve the development effect and further enhance the final recovery factor of the block in view of the problems of low injection pressure in individual areas, profile in thrust and high comprehensive water cut of produced Wells in the block. It provides some basis and reference for production and development of other polymer injection blocks.