bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBUATAN MEMBELA AGAMA MENURUT KONSEP KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA (KUHP)
Authors: Kurniawati Rani Dewi , Zuraidah
Published: April 2021

Kebebasan beragama di negara kita telah di jamin dalam UUD 1945, namun dalam menjalankan peribadatan agama,  tidak menutup kemungkinan terjadinya pembenaran adanya aksi-aksi yang bersifat melukai, represif serta destruktif dan mencedari hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia atas dasar agama

Metode Penelitian Hukum yang digunakan adalah penelitian Hukum Normatif atau penelitian hukum kepustakaan yaitu suatu jenis penelitian hukum yang diperoleh dari studi kepustakaan dengan menganalisis suatu permasalahan hukum melalui perundang-undangan, literatur-literatur dan pendekatan kasus yang memiliki kesamaan tema dengan judul yang dibahas oleh penulis.

Hasil dari penelitian hukum ini menjelaskan bahwa apakah perbuatan membela agama dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai tindak pidana, yaitu dapat dikatakan sebagai tindak pidana saat perbuatan membela agama tersebut dilakukan dengan menggunakan cara yang  bertentangan dengan hukum yang berlaku atau dengan kata lain ada peraturan Undang-undang yang dilanggar dari perbuatan membela agama tersebut, akan tetapi akan berbeda disaat perbuatan membela agama ini dilakukan berdasar pada peraturan hukum yang berlaku, saat seseorang melihat atau menyaksikan ataupn mendengar telah terjadi perbuatan penodaan agama, maka laporkan hal itu kepihak yang bewajib dan biarkanlah penegak hukum menjalankan kewajibannya, masyarakat hanya sebatas melaporkan dan menunggu seperti apa penegak hukum melakukan fungsinya masing-masing dan permasalahan apakah dalam perbuatan membela agama ini dapat diterapkan alasan penghapus pidana, dan jawabannya yaitu tidak dapat diterapkan alasan penghapus pidana, tiap kasus perbuatan membela agama dilakukan secara sadar dan berdasarkan kemauan yang bersangkutan sehingga secara unsur terpenuhi.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS PENERIMAAN PESERTA DIDIK BARU DALAM SISTEM ZONASI
Authors: Yuliani Nani
Published: April 2021

Kebijakan zonasi ini, pada kenyataannya berbeda dengan harapan masyarakat pada umumnya. Hal ini karena masyarakat menginginkan sekolah berkualitas bagi anak-anaknya. Seperti dalam memilih sekolah hal pertama yang paling menentukan ialah kualitas sekolah dan lokasi menjadi pertimbangan yang terakhir. Selanjutnya, sekolah yang berkualitas oleh masyarakat biasa dilabeli sebagai sekolah favorit. Faktor utama dalam memilih sekolah ialah tingkat kefavoritan sekolah. Faktor tersebut bahkan mengalahkan faktor lain seperti fasilitas dan guru. Fakta tersebut menunjukkan adanya perbedaan antara masyarakat dan pemerintah melalui kebijakan sistem zonasi dalam hal pemilihan sekolah. Bukan hanya masyarakat, namun sekolah juga tidak bisa memilih siswa yang diinginkan.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif analisis, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tertier sebagai data utama. Setelah data sekunder dan primer terkumpul, kemudian diadakan analisis secara kualitatif

Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, disimpulkan bahwa Permendikbud Nomor 44 Tahun 2019 sendiri sebenarnya mengandung ketidakadilan. Dalam Pasal 31 ayat (1) dan ayat (2) diatur bahwa untuk jenjang SMP dan SMA calon peserta didik baru kelas 7 (tujuh) SMP dan kelas 10 (sepuluh) SMA dilakukan dengan memprioritaskan jarak tempat tinggal terdekat ke sekolah dalam wilayah zonasi yang ditetapkan, namun jika jarak tempat tinggal calon peserta didik dengan sekolah sama, maka seleksi pemenuhan kuota atau daya tampung terakhir menggunakan usia peserta didik yang lebih tua. Seharusnya kriteria kedua yang lebih relevan setelah jarak adalah prestasi siswa. Kriteria prestasi ini akan lebih fair dibandingkan dengan kriteria usia. Faktor yang menjadi kendala PPDB dengan sistem zonasi diantaranya Sekolah favorit masih terbatas,Pemerataan kualitas pendidikan yang masih timpang dan Kurangnya sosialisasi dari pemerintah.
Growth of Sobolev norms for the Maxwell–Dirac and Dirac–Klein–Gordon systems in R1+1
Authors: Huh Hyungjin
Published: April 2021

We obtain the growth of Sobolev norms of the solution to the Maxwell–Dirac equations in [Formula: see text] by applying elementary techniques. In particular, we estimate [Formula: see text] bound of the solution by making use of a local energy conservation. The similar idea can be applied to the Dirac–Klein–Gordon equations.
A system of local/nonlocal p-Laplacians: The eigenvalue problem and its asymptotic limit as p→∞
Authors: Buccheri S. , da Silva J.V. , de Miranda L.H.
Published: April 2021

In this work, given [Formula: see text], we prove the existence and simplicity of the first eigenvalue [Formula: see text] and its corresponding eigenvector [Formula: see text], for the following local/nonlocal PDE system [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is a bounded open domain, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we address the asymptotic limit as [Formula: see text], proving the explicit geometric characterization of the corresponding first ∞-eigenvalue, namely [Formula: see text], and the uniformly convergence of the pair [Formula: see text] to the ∞-eigenvector [Formula: see text]. Finally, the triple [Formula: see text] verifies, in the viscosity sense, a limiting PDE system.
State Sovereignty in the Planetary Management of Natural Resources
Authors: Schrijver Nico J.
Published: April 2021

Protagonists of global environmental governance often view the sovereign State as well as the principle of sovereignty as major stumbling blocks for effective environmental conservation and sustainable development. Some even herald the demise of the idea of the sovereign State. However, reality has it differently. Sovereignty is no longer an unqualified concept. Manifold new duties have been imposed upon the sovereign State as a result of the progressive development of international law. Much of the modern international law movement vests States with the responsibility to adopt regulations, to monitor and secure compliance and exercise justice in order to achieve its implementation, whereas supranational global environmental governance has remained notoriously weak. This article examines this proposition by reference to the environmental and developmental role of states in three landmark multilateral treaties: The United Nations Law of the Sea Convention (1982), the Convention on the Conservation of Biological Diversity (1992) and the Paris Agreement on climate change (2015). They demonstrate that sovereignty serves as a key organisational principle for the realization of global values, such as environmental conservation and sustainable development.
Feasibility of motor-assisted elliptical to improve walking, fitness and balance following pediatric acquired brain injury: A case series
Authors: Burnfield Judith M. , Cesar Guilherme M. , Buster Thad W.
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE: Walking, fitness, and balance deficits are common following acquired brain injury (ABI). This study assessed feasibility, acceptability, and usefulness of a modified motor-assisted elliptical (ICARE) in addressing walking, fitness, and balance deficits in children with chronic ABIs. METHODS: Three children (> 5 years post-ABI) completed 24 ICARE exercise sessions (exercise time, speed, and time overriding motor-assistance gradually increased) to promote mass repetition of gait-like movements and challenge cardiorespiratory fitness. Parents’ and children’s perceptions of ICARE’s safety, comfort, workout, and usability were assessed. Cardiovascular response, gait and balance outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: No adverse events occurred. Parent’s Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores of perceived device safety (range 80–99), workout (range 99–100), and usability (range 75–100) were high, while comfort were 76–80 given commercial harness fit and arm support. Children’s VAS scores all exceeded 89. Comfortable walking velocity, 2-Minute Walk Test, fitness, and Pediatric Balance Scale scores improved post-training, with many outcomes surpassing established minimal clinically important differences. CONCLUSION: Following engagement in moderate- to vigorous-intensity exercise promoting repetitive step-like movements on a specially adapted motor-assisted elliptical, three children with chronic ABI demonstrated improvements in walking, fitness and balance. Future research in community-based environments with a larger cohort of children with ABI is needed.
Examinations for creating an image of unacquired dose from the images of two types of dose in digital radiography
Authors: Yuhara Toshiyuki , Numano Tomokazu
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND:

Digital radiography (DR) is grayscale adjustable and it can be unclear whether an acquired DR image is captured with the minimum radiation dose required. It is necessary to make an image of the amount of noise when taken at a lower dose than the acquired image, without increased exposure.

OBJECTIVE:

To examine whether an image of unacquired dose can be created from two types of dose DR images acquired using a phantom.

METHODS:

To create an additive image from two images of different doses, the pixel value of one image is multiplied by a coefficient and added to the other. The normalized noise power spectra (NNPS) of the normal image and the additive image with the same signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are compared. The image noise of the unacquired doses is estimated from the graph changes of the pixel values and standard deviations of two images. The error between the SNR of the image obtained by changing the dose and the estimated SNR is measured. We propose a multiplication coefficient calculation formula that theoretically adjusts the additive image to the target SNR. The SNR error of the image created based on this formula is measured.

RESULTS:

The NNPS curves of the additive and normal images show a difference on the high frequency side. According to the statistics considering the preset of mAs value, there is no significant difference at 85%. The SNR estimation error is approximately 1%. The SNR error of the additive image created based on the formula is approximately 5%.

CONCLUSION:

The noise of the image of unacquired dose can be estimated, and the additive image adjusted to this value can be considered equivalent to the image taken at the actual dose.
Correcting motion artifacts in coronary computed tomography angiography images using a dual-zone cycle generative adversarial network
Authors: Deng Fuquan , Tie Changjun , Zeng Yingting , Shi Yanbin , Wu Huiying , Wu Yu , Liang Dong , Liu Xin , Zheng Hairong , Zhang Xiaochun , Hu Zhanli
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND:

Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is a noninvasive imaging modality to detect and diagnose coronary artery disease. Due to the limitations of equipment and the patient’s physiological condition, some CCTA images collected by 64-slice spiral computed tomography (CT) have motion artifacts in the right coronary artery, left circumflex coronary artery and other positions.

OBJECTIVE:

To perform coronary artery motion artifact correction on clinical CCTA images collected by Siemens 64-slice spiral CT and evaluate the artifact correction method.

METHODS:

We propose a novel method based on the generative adversarial network (GAN) to correct artifacts of CCTA clinical images. We use CCTA clinical images collected by 64-slice spiral CT as the original dataset. Pairs of regions of interest (ROIs) cropped from original dataset or images with and without motion artifacts are used to train the dual-zone GAN. When predicting the CCTA images, the network inputs only the clinical images with motion artifacts.

RESULTS:

Experiments show that this network effectively corrects CCTA motion artifacts. Regardless of ROIs or images, the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity (SSIM), mean square error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of the generated images are greatly improved compared to those of the input data. In addition, based on scores from physicians, the average score for the coronary artery artifact correction of the output images is higher.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study demonstrates that the dual-zone GAN has the excellent ability to correct motion artifacts in the coronary arteries and maintain the overall characteristics of CCTA clinical images.
Rancang Bangun Gyroscope Stabilizer untuk Stabilisasi Perahu
Authors: Santoso Deri Teguh , Sari Rianita Puspa , Mudzakir Fahad Fadlillaahi
Published: April 2021

Penggunaan perahu sering terjadi banyak insiden kecelakaan yang disebabkan oleh cuaca, ombak yang tinggi, maupun perahu yang tidak memenuhi standar keselamatan. Selain itu, faktor teknologi pendukung keselamatan dan kenyamanan juga menyebabkan kapal tenggelam dan terguling. Sehingga dapat mengakibatkan korban jiwa, perlu adanya solusi terkait penanganan masalah perahu yang terbalik akibat gulungan ombak. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah penambahan komponen berupa gyroscope stabilizer yang berfungsi untuk menstabilkan sudut kemiringan akibat gelombang yang bergulung. Metode ini dibagi menjadi 2 tahap utama yaitu perancangan fisik-elektronika, dan pengujian menggunakan faktorial lengkap. Pengujian menggunakan variabel dependent berupa sudut kemiringan perahu, sedangkan variabel independent berupa tinggi ombak yang diuji dan kecepatan flywheel dari gyroscope stabilizer yang diaplikasikan dengan masing-masing tiga level dan tiga pengulangan. Hasil pengujian dilakukan analisis variansi dengan hasil yang dicapai yaitu tingkat kemiringan terbesar pada kecepatan flywheel 0 rpm, dengan tinggi gelombang 10 cm menghasilkan sudut kemiringan 3-4 derajat. sedangkan variasi parameter yang sesuai untuk menstabilkan perahu yaitu 2500 rpm dengan rentang sudut kemiringan perahu yang dihasilkan antara 0,55-1 derajat kemiringan. Kesimpulannya adalah semakin tinggi ombak membutuhkan semakin tinggi kecepatan flywheel sehingga semakin kecil sudut kemiringan perahu yang dihasilkan, namun apabila terlalu tinggi kecepatan flywheel mengakibatkan tidak optimal kinerja gyroscope stabilizer.
The difference of orphanages' happiness based on gender
Authors: Safarina Nur Afni , Nasution Nurmaulidina
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the differences in happiness in orphanages in terms of gender. This research uses quantitative research methods through a questionnaire for data collection, then a test is carried out to provide an overview of the research variables. The data collection method in this study uses one scale, namely, the scale of happiness. Analysis of data using the T 2 Test Sample Free technique. The participants of this study were 50 children from Miftahul Jannah Orphanage. In terms of the sex of participants for girls taken from the middle-high school range of 25 people, while for men taken from the middle-high school range is as many as 25 people. The results of this study are based on the "Independent Sample Test" output table in the "Equal Variances Assumed" section known to the value of sig. (2-tailed) of 0.83> 0.05, so as the basis for decision making in the independent sample test can be concluded that Ho Ha accepted and rejected which means there is no difference between "Man’s Happiness" and " Women Happiness " at the Miftahul Jannah Orphanage.
Electronic schedule at the university on the basis of 1C:Automated scheduling. University on the example of Omsk State University
Authors: Deyneko T. A. , Epanchintseva O. L. , Rodyukov A. V.
Published: April 2021

Automating scheduling is a classic task in learning management systems. The process of scheduling is, in a sense, the final one in the chain of support of educational activities, and its automation reveals all inconsistencies and shortcomings of the previous processes. In order for the scheduling to be automated as much as possible, a lot of various initial information should be processed in the information systems of the university — curricula, staff, workload, schedule of the educational process, contingent of students, classroom fund. It is especially difficult for universities with educational programs of various orientations — natural science, humanitarian, creative, etc., which have specific principles for organizing and conducting classes.The level of automation of educational activities at Dostoevsky Omsk State University, a classical university with a wide variety of types of educational programs, made it possible to tackle the task of scheduling. However, during the implementation of the automated scheduling system, the project team faced a number of problems.The article describes the results of the project for the transition to an electronic schedule in Dostoevsky Omsk State University using the circulation software product 1C:Automated scheduling. University based on the 1C:Enterprise 8.3 system. Initial data on the individual workload of teachers, the classroom fund, the list of student groups, and the list of disciplines were loaded into the configuration from the existing information system of design of Dostoevsky Omsk State University. Based on the results of the audit of the downloaded reference information, the initial data, including curricula, were normalized. The compiled schedule in two modes (manual and automatic) was published on the official website of the university and is used to operate a chatbot on the VKontakte network to inform students and teachers about upcoming classes.
Online design, or self-empowerment through informatics classes
Authors: Solovianiuk-Krotova V. G.
Published: April 2021

The article presents an organisation of teen's learning activities where students get familiar with the elements of graphic design, learn your use an online graphical app, create projects and learn to review each other's work. The informatics course contents meets the psychological needs of teenagers. The desire to be heard and recognized encourages the development of graphic projects in the form of themed posters. There are described in detail contents of three lessons: "Me and my strengths", "My greatest strength", "Sayings and proverbs". Students fulfill mini-projects while keeping in mind the key to successfully completing the project: need — motive — goal — planning — acting on the plan — producing result — analysis of the result by comparing it to the goal and reflecting on performed actions — evaluation of other projects — ideas and useful tricks for future projects.
ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL MORTALITY: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors: Prajapati Hetal , Parikh Rajni
Published: April 2021

Background: Mother is the pillar of the family and maternal deaths during pregnancy and delivery are great loss to baby, family, society and country too.

Objective: This study was design to evaluate the mortality rate in our hospital, to assess the epidemiological aspects and cause of maternal mortality, types of delay and to suggest recommendations for improvement.

Method: was obtained from Sir T hospital record in form of maternal death review form which was filled by Gynec department after every maternal mortality in Sir T Hospital.

From Year 2011 to 2020, data were collected and reviewed and exclude those deliveries in which accidental, incidental and non-obstetrics causes were found.

Result and conclusion: On basis of this study thus we know the common cause of maternal mortality and with what it may associated, so we can overcome it and reduced the mortality.

Keyword: Maternal mortality, Anaemia, Postpartum haemorrhage, Eclampsia.
Effects of Memantine on the Spontaneous Firing Frequency of Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons in Intact and Alzheimer Rat Model: An Electrophysiological Study
Authors:   Department of Biology, School of Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran., Zamani Nastaran , Moazedi Ahmad Ali ,   Department of Biology, School of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran., Afarinesh Khaki Mohamad Reza ,   Kerman Cognitive Research Center, Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmachology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Boroujeni Mehdi Pourmehdi ,   Department of Food Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Memantine (MEM) is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist clinically used for the treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD) in mild to severe conditions. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of memantine on the spontaneous firing frequency of CA1 pyramidal neurons in rats caused by an electrical lesion of Nucleus Basalis Magnocellularis (NBM). Then, this model of AD rats was compared with the intact adult male rats. Methods: In this study, adult male rats were divided into two groups. Group I (lesion of NBM, n=53) includes the following subgroups: lesion+saline, sham+saline, lesion+MEM 5 mg/kg, lesion+MEM 10 mg/kg, and lesion+MEM 20mg/kg. Group II (intact, n=48) includes the following subgroups: intact+saline, intact+MEM 3mg/kg, intact+MEM 5mg/kg, and intact+MEM 10mg/kg. Extracellular single-unit recording (15 min baseline+105 min after MEM or saline) was performed under urethane-anesthetized rats. Results: The results showed that the mean frequency of CA1 pyramidal neurons after saline in the lesion+saline (P<0.001) group significantly decreases compared with the intact+saline and sham+saline groups. In addition, after saline and memantine, the mean frequency of CA1 pyramidal neurons in the lesion+MEM 10 mg/kg (P<0.01) and lesion+MEM 20 mg/kg (P<0.001) groups significantly increased compared with the lesion+saline group. Also, the mean frequencies of CA1 pyramidal neurons in the intact+MEM 10 mg/kg (P<0.001) group significantly decreased compared with the intact+saline group. Conclusion: Results showed that memantine increases the electrical activity of CA1 pyramidal neurons in a rat model of AD. Furthermore, in the intact adult male rats, the low-dose memantine, contrary to high dose, does not decrease the electrical activity of CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Effects of Eight Weeks of Resistance Exercises on Expression of Neurotrophins and Trk Receptors in Alzheimer Model Male Wistar Rats
Authors:   Ph.D. Student of Sport Physiology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran and faculty Member Of Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University Of Technology, Behbahan, Iran., Jafarzadeh Gholamhasan , Shakeryan Saeid ,   Associate Professor of Sport Science Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran., Farbood Yaghoob ,   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khalij Fars Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran., Ghanbarzadeh Mohsen ,   Assistant Professor of Sport Science Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: April 2021

This study aims to evaluate the effects of eight weeks of resistance exercises on expression of neurotrophins and Trk receptors in Alzheimer model male Wistar rats. For this purpose, 32 mature male Wistar rats with mean weights of 230 to 280 g were chosen and divided into Alzheimer and Sham groups. Rats in the Sham group received normal saline while rats in the Alzheimer group received STZ via intraventricular injection. These rats were then divided into the following four subgroups: 1. Resting Sham, 2. Exercising Sham, 3. Resting Alzheimer, and 4. Exercising Alzheimer. The two exercising rat subgroups, exercised three times a week for a period of eight weeks. A weight was attached to their tails and they had to carry this weight on a 26-step ladder in each cycle. Resting groups were handled every day to minimize the effects of stress level. At the end of the 8th week and 24 hours after the last exercise session (to avoid the effects of the last exercise session), the rats were put under deep anesthesia and scarified by head separation. Hippocampus tissues were precisely extracted and samples were sent to laboratory for molecular and cellular tests. In order to investigate gene expression, Quantitative RT-PCR was used. Results of the tests for comparing the means of BDNF, NT3, NGF, TrkA, and TrkB in two rat groups showed that with error levels of less than 5% and confidence of over 95%, there is a significant difference in the amounts of BDNF, NT3, NGF, TrkA, and TrkB between exercising rats and resting rats. These amounts were much higher in exercising Alzheimer rats group. Eight weeks of resistance exercises increased the expression of BDNF, NT3, and NGF genes as well as TrkA and TrkB receptors in Alzheimer model Wistar rats.
Problem of Description of the Characteristic Features of Discrimination in the Labor Sphere
Authors: Kychko A. V.
Published: April 2021

The Constitution of Ukraine guarantees the right to labor to everyone, including the possibility to earn one’s living by labor that he or she freely chooses or to which he or she freely agrees. However, discrimination is still one of the main problems in the labor sphere.

The article is focused on studying the problem of discrimination in the labor sphere. The author of the article has studied the problem of description of the characteristic features of discrimination in the labor sphere because there is no single point of view on this matter in the theory of labor law.

The analysis of legal literature, the corresponding normative and legal material has been carried out. While analyzing legal literature, regulatory base, international legal acts and the judgments of the European Courts of Human Rights the author has established and revealed the features of discrimination in the labor sphere. At the same time, based on the views of current authors, the nature of discrimination in the labor sphere has been revealed.

It has been substantiated that the Labor Code of Ukraine needs to be updated, based on the realities of the present day. Based on a consistent analysis, the author has elaborated propositions to eliminate differences in the current regulatory acts. First and foremost, their availability is due to the obsolete version of the current Labor Code of Ukraine. Therefore, the range of propositions has been formulated related to the current labor legislation improvement concerning the discrimination’s non-admission in the labor sphere. Thus, the most appropriate way of solving the problems of discrimination in labor relations is the adoption of the new Labor Code of Ukraine and active participation of Ukraine in international relations on the harmonization of national labor legislation with international and European standards.

The practical significance of the article is that the conducted study reveals new directions for further research, demonstrates the relevance and need for a comprehensive analysis of the content and legal features discrimination in the labor sphere. The author has emphasized the necessity of forming legal definition of discrimination in the labor sphere.
Measures of Counteracting Domestic Violence Committed by Children: Problematic Aspects
Authors: Bakhaieva A. S.
Published: April 2021

The problem of domestic violence is quite urgent in our country. Domestic violence is a heavy burden both for the victim and for society in the whole. Typically, the most vulnerable family members who suffer from domestic violence are women, children and the elderly, and the perpetrators are most often men. But a child can also commit domestic violence, as evidenced by the legal definition of the term of “a child- abuser”. However, this phenomenon is insufficiently studied and is rarely discussed by Ukrainian scholars.

The purpose of this article is to study measures to combat domestic violence committed by children by analyzing the current legislation of Ukraine in the field of preventing and combating domestic violence and gender-based violence.

The author has analyzed the definition of the term of “a child-abuser” enshrined in the law. On this basis it has been concluded that a child of any age can be an abuser. It has been established that children most often commit domestic violence in psychological, physical and economic forms.

The emphasis has been placed on the inexpediency of bringing parents or persons replacing them to administrative liability under Part 3 of the Art. 184 of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses in cases, when their child, who has not reached the age of administrative liability, is the offender, and his victim is a father (mother) or a person who replaces them.

The author has analyzed the algorithm of actions, according to which the police now act in case of detection of facts of domestic violence by a child under the age of sixteen.

It has been found out that the legislation does not set the age from which such a special measure to combat domestic violence is allowed to be taken as an urgent prohibition, which is the basis for taking a child-abuser for preventive registration by juvenile prevention units. It has been noted that the settlement of this issue will allow us to make informed decisions on the registration or non-registration of a child-abuser who has not reached the age of sixteen and has committed domestic violence against parents, which will further affect the determination of the subject of individual prevention.
Theoretical and Legal Approaches on Determining the Content of the Notion of “Health Tourism”
Authors: Podzirov A. O.
Published: April 2021

The author has proved the prospects of medical tourism development in Ukraine. The analysis of the concepts of “tourism” and “health tourism” has been carried out; their features have been singled out. The expediency of distinguishing the concept of “health tourism” on “medical” and “health” has been proved. It has been offered to amend the Art. 1 of the Law of Ukraine “On Tourism” by defining the terms of “medical tourism” and “health tourism”.

The content of the concept of “medical tourism” has been studied; its constituent elements have been singled out; the author’s definition of the concepts of “health tourism”, “medical tourism” has been formulated; the sphere of their law-enforcement has been defined.

The author has developed propositions to improve the regulatory acts regulating the circulation of medical tourist services (health and medical) in Ukraine, namely: the Tax Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine “On Public and Private Partnership”, the Law of Ukraine “On Licensing of Economic Activities”. The author has also offered to develop and approve the National Program for the Development of Medical Tourism in Ukraine.
Concept and Types of Administrative Restrictions within Legal Regulation of Economic Activity
Authors: Starynskyi M. V.
Published: April 2021

The article is focused on studying the concept of administrative restrictions used by state-authorized agencies in the process of regulating economic activity. Based on the analysis of scientific sources and the practice of legal regulation of economic activity, it has been emphasized that the category of “administrative restrictions” in modern legal science is mainly used to denote the result of relations related to the offense. It has been concluded that such an approach is controversial, and the approach when administrative restrictions are studied through the category of “coordination” is more appropriate. State-authorized agencies in order to ensure the public interest use a large number of administrative restrictions in the field of economic activity, which are formulated as individual (subjective) measures of administrative and legal nature defined by regulatory acts and aimed at coordinating the behavior and actions of the addressee in the sphere of economic activity within the appropriate limits that are introduced in order to ensure the public interest. In the course of the research the author has distinguished the features of administrative restrictions used in the legal regulation of economic activity, which include the following: 1) they are objectified in the legal norms contained in the normative legal acts regulating economic activity and having a restrictive nature; 2) they coordinate the activity of economic entities, defining the boundaries, the degree of freedom of choice of their actions; 3) the subject of application is a state-authorized agency in the field of regulation of economic activity, and the addressee is an individual or a legal entity – business entities; 4) the purpose of application is to bring the behavior of the subject in accordance with a certain standard of economic activity; 5) they have mandatory nature and are provided by state coercion.

Based on the analysis of the practice of applying administrative restrictions in the field of economic activity, it has been concluded that they can be classified depending on the sphere of economic activity, object of influence, sphere of use, type of normative act containing administrative restrictions and content of administrative restrictions.
Atividade antimicrobiana das lactonas sesquiterpênicas da folha da yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius, Asteraceae)
Authors: Vieira Perla Raquel Nogueira , Reis Débora Raquel Mergen Lima , Oliveira Cledes Teresinha de , Souza Carolina Ribeiro Noronha de
Published: April 2021

A yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) é uma planta originária dos Andes pertencente à família Asteraceae. Seus tubérculos e folhas são consumidos de forma medicinal, principalmente para o controle da hiperglicemia. Adicionalmente, os tricomas glandulares presentes nas folhas são ricos em lactonas sesquiterpênicas (LST) como a enidrina, uvedalina e sonchifolina, que apresentam atividade antimicrobiana contra diferentes fungos e bactérias gram-positivas. No presente trabalho avaliou-se a atividade antimicrobiana das LST extraídas das folhas da yacon frente à cepas de Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella enterica Typhimurium pelo método de difusão em disco. Encontrou-se atividade antimicrobiana contra S. aureus. Seguiu-se com o teste de microdiluição, que determinou uma concentração inibitória mínima de 0,09 mg/ml contra S. aureus. Os resultados confirmam o potencial antimicrobiano das lactonas sesquiterpênicas, especialmente contra bactérias gram-positivas.
Relations socio-économiques et impacts sur l’environnement
Authors: Bueno Beatriz Cardoso , Favalessa Roberta Donini
Published: April 2021

La société se développe chaque jour et, avec les changements positifs dans l’évolution, on observe qu’il existe des problèmes interconnectés, étant non seulement urbains, mais aussi socioéconomiques et environnementaux. La qualité de vie de l’individu est liée à l’aptitude de son environnement, et les sociétés s’adaptent à ces moyens, de sorte qu’il existe des sociétés formées en milieu rural, urbain et même vivant dans des endroits éloignés et isolés d’autres civilisations, comme les villages indigènes du parc Xingu. L’objectif de ce travail est d’exposer certaines relations socio-environnementales, montrant que les sociétés qui se développent dans les grands centres ont un plus grand nombre de dispositifs technologiques, ayant des possibilités qui ne se trouvent souvent pas dans d’autres types de sociétés, mais dans les deux endroits des problèmes socio-environnementaux et économiques se produisent. En raison des changements qui viennent des actions de l’homme, il est clair que toute forme d’expérience modifie la portée naturelle, si elle est effectuée inconsciemment, inopportune ly et illégalement, les problèmes seront toujours interconnectés à la société, provoquant des changements négatifs dans la qualité de vie, apportant avec elle des difficultés au minimum nécessaire pour la dignité humaine, car il y aura une pénurie d’assainissement de base, qui provoque plusieurs maladies , ce qui entraîne un manque d’opportunités et un chômage de masse. Le travail a été développé par la lecture et la recherche sur le terrain, y compris une interview accordée par le chef de la coordination technique locale du pôle Wawi à Funai, avec le siège dans la municipalité de Canarana, État du Mato Grosso.
O Ensino Da Constituição Federal No Âmbito Do Ensino Médio Integralizado Do Instituto Federal De Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia Do Amapá (IFAP)
Authors: Costa Pedro Henrique Maia , Costa Susane de Almeida Aranha , Fecury Amanda Alves , Dendasck Carla Viana , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: April 2021

Nossa Constituição Federal de 1988 colocou a Educação como um Direito Fundamental no rol dos direitos sociais. Uma das finalidades da Educação, é assegurar e preparar o aluno para o exercício do cidadão. As propostas em destaque não têm a finalidade de formar um bacharel em direito, mas sim, um cidadão consciente, que reconheça seus direitos e deveres básicos perante a sociedade e o Estado. O objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar a real possibilidade da introdução do estudo da Constituição Federal (CF) no IFAP, tendo como alicerce o conhecimento desses estudantes sobre noções básicas acerca da Constituição Federal. Foram utilizados questionários estruturados com perguntas fechadas e abertas, de caráter dissertativo e outras de caráter objetivo, aplicados no mês de janeiro de 2018 para os participantes envolvidos, com o auxílio do Google Forms. O Ensino Médio brasileiro, examinado a partir de um recorte pontual no curso técnico em edificações na forma integralizada do IFAP, campus Macapá, não consegue cumprir o que preconiza a CF e a LDB de acordo com o resultado do questionário aplicado aos estudantes. Este Ensino ocupa um lugar privilegiado na formação educacional brasileira, entre o fundamental e o superior. Os alunos demonstram estar entusiasmados com a possibilidade de implementação do ensino de Noções Básicas a CF no curso técnico em edificações no IFAP, campus Macapá, mesmo que de forma optativa.
Socioeconomic Relations and Impacts on the Environment
Authors: Bueno Beatriz Cardoso , Favalessa Roberta Donini
Published: April 2021

Society is developing every day and, together with the positive changes in evolution, it is observed that there are interconnected problems, which are not only urban, but also socioeconomic and environmental. The individual’s quality of life is related to the aptitude of your way of living, and societies adapt to these means, thus, there are societies formed in rural, urban and even living in places that are remote and isolated from other civilizations, such as the indigenous villages of Parque do Xingu. The objective of this work is to expose some socio-environmental relations, showing that societies that develop in large centers have a greater number of technological devices, offering possibilities that are often not found in other types of societies, however, in both places there are problems socio-environmental and economic. Due to the changes arising from the actions of man, it is clear that any form of experience changes the natural environment, if carried out in an unconscious, untimely and illegal way, the problems will always be interconnected to society, causing negative changes in the quality of life, bringing with it difficulties for the minimum necessary for human dignity, since there will be a deficit in basic sanitation, which causes several diseases, leading to lack of opportunity and mass unemployment. The work was developed through reading and field research, including an interview given by the head of the local technical coordination of Pole Wawi at Funai, based in the municipality of Canarana, state of Mato Grosso.
Relazioni socioeconomiche e impatti sull’ambiente
Authors: Bueno Beatriz Cardoso , Favalessa Roberta Donini
Published: April 2021

La società si sviluppa ogni giorno e, insieme ai cambiamenti positivi nell’evoluzione, si osserva che ci sono problemi interconnessi, non solo urbani, ma anche socioeconomici e ambientali. La qualità della vita dell’individuo è legata all’attitudine del suo ambiente, e le società si adattano a questi mezzi, quindi, ci sono società formate in zone rurali, urbane e persino che vivono in luoghi lontani e isolati da altre civiltà, come i villaggi indigeni del Parco Xingu. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è quello di esporre alcune relazioni socio-ambientali, dimostrando che le società che si sviluppano in grandi centri hanno un maggior numero di dispositivi tecnologici, con possibilità che spesso non si trovano in altri tipi di società, ma in entrambi i luoghi si verificano problemi socio-ambientali ed economici. A causa dei cambiamenti che derivano dalle azioni dell’uomo, è chiaro che qualsiasi forma di esperienza modifica la portata naturale, se effettuata inconsciamente, in modo inopportuno e illegale, i problemi saranno sempre interconnessi alla società, causando cambiamenti negativi nella qualità della vita, portando con essa difficoltà al minimo necessario per la dignità umana, poiché ci sarà una carenza di servizi igienico-sanitari di base, che causa diverse malattie , con conseguente mancanza di opportunità e disoccupazione di massa. Il lavoro è stato sviluppato attraverso la lettura e la ricerca sul campo, tra cui un’intervista concessa dal responsabile del coordinamento tecnico locale del Pole Wawi di Funai, con sede nel comune di Canarana, Stato del Mato Grosso.
Perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por COVID-19 no município de Marabá-Pará
Authors: Queiroz Dalila Dos Santos , Almeida Carlos Podalirio Borges de , Campos Ana Cristina Viana
Published: April 2021

Os objetivos deste estudo foram descrever o perfil epidemiológico de óbitos por COVID-19 e comparar as notificações realizadas a nível municipal e estadual. Realizou-se um estudo para testar seis modelos de curva de estimativas para explicar os números de óbitos, com significância de 0,05. A letalidade de COVID-19 no dia 31 de maio era de 24,1% (83/344) e 9,5% (92/968) segundo dados da SESPA e prefeitura, respectivamente. O modelo cúbico explica em 97,2% (r2=0,972) a associação entre óbitos pelo município e os registros estaduais por data de ocorrência. Os modelos quadrático e cúbico explicam em 97,3% a associação (r2=0,973) de registros estaduais e registros municipais por data de notificação. Concluiu-se que os óbitos concentraram-se no mês de maio, entre homens e faixa etária de 60 anos ou mais. Os dados sobre letalidade do estado foram maiores que os divulgados pelo município.
Planos de contingência para enfrentamento da COVID-19: Análise da resposta no estado do Paraná
Authors: Vieira de Oliveira Elaine Cristina , De Souza Merari Gomes , Silva Paula Rocha , Fabris Daniele , Lopes Maria Goretti David
Published: April 2021

A pandemia de COVID-19 constitui grave e generalizada crise, a qual tem pressionado os sistemas de saúde e desafiado a gestão pública para rápida e oportuna resposta. Trata-se de um relato de experiência da avaliação dos planos de contingência municipais do Estado do Paraná para o enfrentamento da COVID-19, a partir de requisitos mínimos quanto à organização de resposta. Foram avaliados 356 planos municipais, 60% não alcançaram os requisitos mínimos, 32% atenderam parcialmente e 8% atenderam satisfatoriamente. A análise permitiu verificar limitações na capacidade de organização no território, ações de enfrentamento, definição de prioridades e recursos para a operacionalização das ações planejadas diante de uma emergência em saúde pública. Sob a ótica dos planos de contingência, é necessário fortalecer a governança municipal e qualificar a educação permanente para liderança, organização e coordenação de ações em saúde no enfrentamento da pandemia.
Summary report on Workshop 1 laypersons’ perceptions of marine CDR, Deliverable 3.1
Authors: Merk Christine
Published: April 2021

This deliverable reports about the successful completion of three group discussions on marine carbon dioxide removal (CDR) with laypersons in Germany. The 2-hour group discussions were held online. 5 participants discussed these three topics: (1) the environmental state of the oceans, (2) four selected marine CDR approaches, and (3) responsible research and innovation. The four approaches were ocean fertilization, ocean alkalinization via ocean liming and electrochemical weathering in desalination plants, artificial upwelling, and blue carbon management via kelp forests, mangroves and seagrass meadows.
THE LEGAL POLITIC OF REGULATION FOR TRADEMARK REGISTRATION SYSTEMS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Darwance Darwance , Sudarto Sudarto
Published: April 2021

The development of brand functions which was originally only as a distinguishing element to be more of a reputation, to be the brand that is usually represented by the image, logos, etc., resulting in a brand being one of the triggers for a dispute. Therefore, a number of regulations that provide protection for marks have been issued in Indonesia started with the Trademark Law of 1885 published by the Dutch Colonial Government until Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Current Marks and Geographical Indications. But, trademark disputes still occur. This juridical normative research with a legal approach aims to know and analyze the legal politics of trademark registration regulations in Indonesia. The result is that there are weaknesses in the existing regulations regarding trademark registration, both substantial and procedural. Therefore, they need to be clearer and more concrete regulations in regulating trademark registration in Indonesia so that trademark disputes can be minimized.
THE POST – ASEAN’S HAZE-FREE ROADMAP 2020 AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE IN INDONESIA’S ENVIRONMENTAL DIPLOMACY: RIAU’S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Alfajri Alfajri , Wahyudi Herry , Setiawan Azhari
Published: April 2021

The ASEAN’s haze-free roadmap 2020 had the objective to eliminate the regional transboundary haze pollution. However, the 2019 haze recurrence which mostly originated from Indonesia’s land and forest had caused a diplomatic uproar between Indonesian and Malaysian top government officials. In addition, land and forest fires continued to occur in Indonesia over the last 5 years, albeit with a much lower severity compared to 2015 and did not gain global media attention as the haze rarely crossed out of Indonesia’s jurisdiction. This research applies a qualitative research method where the data collection is based on semi-structured interviews involving multi-stakeholders in Riau Province. Additional data are also collected from various journals, books, and news from media archival. The finding of this research discloses that several new policies and programs have been created and introduced since the last 5 years provided an early positive start, however, further implementation on the ground has been weak and complicated. Furthermore, previous, current, and future unchanged negligence behavior of government elites and public in Riau towards the land and forest fires has left the post – ASEAN’s haze-free roadmap 2020 with an equal or more amount of homework in the future. Thus, Indonesia needs to pay more attention and work in a sustainable manner on this issue, especially at the local level such as in Riau province and other land and forest fire-prone provinces in order to strengthen Indonesia's environmental diplomacy bargaining position in the globe and enlighten the current gloomy image in the future.