bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Lysinibacillus sphaericus on mosquito larval community composition and larval competition between Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus
Authors: McMillan Joseph R. , Olson Michael M. , Petruff Tanya , Shepard John J. , Armstrong Philip M.
Published: October 2022

Effectiveness of mosquito larvicide active ingredients (AI), such as Lysinibacillus sphaericus, varies between species, yet little is known regarding how differential effectiveness manifests in larval communities in applied settings. To examine how differential effectiveness of L. sphaericus influences larval community dynamics, we performed two experiments. We performed a field experiment in which containers were seeded with a standardized nutrient treatment, mosquitoes colonized the containers, and then containers received one of three L. sphaericus applications. We then performed competition assays between Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus in low nutrient environments using multiple interspecific ratios and the presence/absence of a low dose of L. sphaericus. Field results demonstrated elimination of Culex spp. from treated containers while container breeding Aedes spp. proliferated across all treatments. Lysinibacillus sphaericus did not influence competition between Cx. pipiens and Ae. albopictus, and the L. sphaericus application eliminated Cx. pipiens in all treatment replicates while survival of Ae. albopictus was similar between treated and untreated containers across interspecific ratios. Lysinibacillus sphaericus is an effective AI for control of Culex spp. However, different AIs should be utilized in habitats containing non-Culex genera while a mix of AIs should be utilized where coexistence of multiple genera is expected or confirmed.
Widely applicable, extended flow cytometric stem cell enumeration panel for quality control of advanced cellular products
Authors: Haussmann Katy , Streitz Mathias , Takvorian Anna , Grund Jana , Skenderi Zemra , Tietze-Bürger Carola , Movassaghi Kamran , Künkele Annette , Blum Agnieszka , Bullinger Lars
Published: October 2022

The most widely used quality control assay for CD34 + hematopoietic stem cell product characterization is the protocol established by the International Society of Hematotherapy and Graft Engineering (ISHAGE). While this protocol is still the gold standard for stem cell enumeration and viability assessment, it does not include T cell enumeration, which is nowadays mandatory for assaying standard allogeneic grafts and various advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs). In accordance, we have developed and extensively validated a new approach for a more comprehensive characterization of hematopoietic cellular products using a pre-formulated dried antibody format panel. In addition to the counting beads, the typical markers CD45 fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and CD34 phycoerythrin (PE), as well as the viability dye 7-amino actinomycin D (7-AAD), our novel pre-formulated panel also contains CD3 Pacific Blue (PB) and CD19 allophycocyanin (APC) in the same tube, thereby allowing a combined calculation of leucocytes, stem cells, T and B cells. Showing high linearity, sensitivity and accuracy, our approach is easy to implement and enables a more in-depth characterization of the cellular product under release testing conditions. In addition, the dried pre-formulated antibody approach increases assay reliability compared to the standard antibody panel.
Spatial scaling of pollen-plant diversity relationship in landscapes with contrasting diversity patterns
Authors: Abraham Vojtěch , Kuneš Petr , Vild Ondřej , Jamrichová Eva , Plesková Zuzana , Werchan Barbora , Svitavská-Svobodová Helena , Roleček Jan
Published: October 2022

Mitigating the effects of global change on biodiversity requires its understanding in the past. The main proxy of plant diversity, fossil pollen record, has a complex relationship to surrounding vegetation and unknown spatial scale. We explored both using modern pollen spectra in species-rich and species-poor regions in temperate Central Europe. We also considered the biasing effects of the trees by using sites in forests and open habitats in each region. Pollen samples were collected from moss polsters at 60 sites and plant species were recorded along two 1 km-transects at each site. We found a significant positive correlation between pollen and plant richness (alpha diversity) in both complete datasets and for both subsets from open habitats. Pollen richness in forest datasets is not significantly related to floristic data due to canopy interception of pollen rather than to pollen productivity. Variances (beta diversity) of the six pollen and floristic datasets are strongly correlated. The source area of pollen richness is determined by the number of species appearing with increasing distance, which aggregates information on diversity of individual patches within the landscape mosaic and on their compositional similarity. Our results validate pollen as a reconstruction tool for plant diversity in the past.
Oral administration of human carbonic anhydrase I suppresses colitis in a murine inflammatory bowel disease model
Authors: Tange Kazuhiro , Yagi Sen , Takeshita Eiji , Abe Masanori , Yamamoto Yasunori , Tomida Hideomi , Kawamura Tomoe , Hanayama Masakazu , Matsuura Bunzo , Ikeda Yoshiou , Hiasa Yoichi
Published: October 2022

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing; hence, effective treatments are warranted. The therapeutic effect of human carbonic anhydrase I (hCA I) in IBD remains unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether oral tolerization to hCA I would induce antigen-specific protection from intestinal inflammation in vivo. Severe combined immunodeficient mice received hCA I, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) orally for 7 days. Colons and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were collected 4 weeks after cell transfer. Additionally, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects were investigated. The comparison between the effects of well-established drugs and hCA I oral administration was investigated. Oral administration of hCA I ameliorated colitis remarkably. hCA I reached the cecum and ameliorated colitis more effectively than mesalazine and similarly to prednisolone. Compared with PBS treatment, hCA I treatment reduced interleukin (IL)-17a, IL-6, and retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) expression in the colon or MLNs; moreover, hCA I markedly reduced IL-6, IL-17, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels in the MLN. Oral administration of hCA I induced immune tolerance and suppressed colitis in vivo. Thus, hCA I administration could be proposed as a new treatment option for IBD.
Artificial intelligence-based methods for fusion of electronic health records and imaging data
Authors: Mohsen Farida , Ali Hazrat , El Hajj Nady , Shah Zubair
Published: October 2022

Healthcare data are inherently multimodal, including electronic health records (EHR), medical images, and multi-omics data. Combining these multimodal data sources contributes to a better understanding of human health and provides optimal personalized healthcare. The most important question when using multimodal data is how to fuse them—a field of growing interest among researchers. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly machine learning (ML), enable the fusion of these different data modalities to provide multimodal insights. To this end, in this scoping review, we focus on synthesizing and analyzing the literature that uses AI techniques to fuse multimodal medical data for different clinical applications. More specifically, we focus on studies that only fused EHR with medical imaging data to develop various AI methods for clinical applications. We present a comprehensive analysis of the various fusion strategies, the diseases and clinical outcomes for which multimodal fusion was used, the ML algorithms used to perform multimodal fusion for each clinical application, and the available multimodal medical datasets. We followed the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. We searched Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to retrieve relevant studies. After pre-processing and screening, we extracted data from 34 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We found that studies fusing imaging data with EHR are increasing and doubling from 2020 to 2021. In our analysis, a typical workflow was observed: feeding raw data, fusing different data modalities by applying conventional machine learning (ML) or deep learning (DL) algorithms, and finally, evaluating the multimodal fusion through clinical outcome predictions. Specifically, early fusion was the most used technique in most applications for multimodal learning (22 out of 34 studies). We found that multimodality fusion models outperformed traditional single-modality models for the same task. Disease diagnosis and prediction were the most common clinical outcomes (reported in 20 and 10 studies, respectively) from a clinical outcome perspective. Neurological disorders were the dominant category (16 studies). From an AI perspective, conventional ML models were the most used (19 studies), followed by DL models (16 studies). Multimodal data used in the included studies were mostly from private repositories (21 studies). Through this scoping review, we offer new insights for researchers interested in knowing the current state of knowledge within this research field.
Terahertz imaging for non-destructive porosity measurements of carbonate rocks
Authors: Bouchard Jacob , Eichmann Shannon L. , Ow Hooisweng , Poitzsch Martin , Petkie Douglas T.
Published: October 2022

Within the petrochemical industry, accurate measurement of microporosity and its distribution within core samples, particularly those from carbonate reservoirs, has garnered intense interest because studies have suggested that following primary and secondary depletion, a majority of the residual and bypassed oil may reside in these porosities. Ideally, the microporosity and its distribution would be determined accurately, quickly, and efficiently. Imaging techniques are commonly used to characterize the porosity and pores but accurate microporosity characterization can be challenging due to resolution and scale limitations. To this end, this study describes the development and verification of a novel method to characterize microporosity in carbonate rocks using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and exploiting the high signal absorption due to water at these high frequencies. This new method is able to measure microporosity and the results agree well with other bulk measurements and produce microporosity maps which is not possible with many bulk characterization or imaging methods. These microporosity maps show the spatial variation of micropores within a sample and offers insights into the heterogeneity of reservoir materials.
Advanced setup for safe breath sampling and patient monitoring under highly infectious conditions in the clinical environment
Authors: Sukul Pritam , Trefz Phillip , Schubert Jochen K. , Miekisch Wolfram
Published: October 2022

Being the proximal matrix, breath offers immediate metabolic outlook of respiratory infections. However, high viral load in exhalations imposes higher transmission risk that needs improved methods for safe and repeatable analysis. Here, we have advanced the state-of-the-art methods for real-time and offline mass-spectrometry based analysis of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) under SARS-CoV-2 and/or similar respiratory conditions. To reduce infection risk, the general experimental setups for direct and offline breath sampling are modified. Certain mainstream and side-stream viral filters are examined for direct and lab-based applications. Confounders/contributions from filters and optimum operational conditions are assessed. We observed immediate effects of infection safety mandates on breath biomarker profiles. Main-stream filters induced physiological and analytical effects. Side-stream filters caused only systematic analytical effects. Observed substance specific effects partly depended on compound’s origin and properties, sampling flow and respiratory rate. For offline samples, storage time, -conditions and -temperature were crucial. Our methods provided repeatable conditions for point-of-care and lab-based breath analysis with low risk of disease transmission. Besides breath VOCs profiling in spontaneously breathing subjects at the screening scenario of COVID-19/similar test centres, our methods and protocols are applicable for moderately/severely ill (even mechanically-ventilated) and highly contagious patients at the intensive care.
Wide-field magnetometry using nitrogen-vacancy color centers with randomly oriented micro-diamonds
Authors: Sengottuvel Saravanan , Mrózek Mariusz , Sawczak Mirosław , Głowacki Maciej J. , Ficek Mateusz , Gawlik Wojciech , Wojciechowski Adam M.
Published: October 2022

Magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond has gained significant interest among researchers in recent years. Absolute knowledge of the three-dimensional orientation of the magnetic field is necessary for many applications. Conventional magnetometry measurements are usually performed with NV ensembles in a bulk diamond with a thin NV layer or a scanning probe in the form of a diamond tip, which requires a smooth sample surface and proximity of the probing device, often limiting the sensing capabilities. Our approach is to use micro- and nano-diamonds for wide-field detection and mapping of the magnetic field. In this study, we show that NV color centers in randomly oriented submicrometer-sized diamond powder deposited in a thin layer on a planar surface can be used to detect the magnetic field. Our work can be extended to irregular surfaces, which shows a promising path for nanodiamond-based photonic sensors.
In vitro and ex vivo anti-myeloma effects of nanocomposite As4S4/ZnS/Fe3O4
Authors: Cholujova Danka , Koklesova Lenka , Lukacova Bujnakova Zdenka , Dutkova Erika , Valuskova Zuzana , Beblava Patricia , Matisova Anna , Sedlak Jan , Jakubikova Jana
Published: October 2022

Nanoparticles in medicine can integrate actively targeted imaging agents and drug delivery vehicles, and combining multiple types of therapeutics in a single particle has numerous advantages, especially in multiple myeloma. MM is an incurable hematological disorder characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. In this study, we evaluated the anti-myeloma activity of 3 nanocomposites (3NPs): As4S4/ZnS/Fe3O4 (1:4:1), As4S4/ZnS/Fe3O4 with folic acid (FA), and As4S4/ZnS/Fe3O4 with FA and albumin with reduced survival MM cell lines and primary MM samples by each of 3NP. Cytotoxic effects of 3NPs were associated with caspase- and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis induction and reduced c-Myc expression. Modulation of cell cycle regulators, such as p-ATM/ATM and p-ATR/ATR, and increases in p-Chk2, cyclin B1, and histones were accompanied by G2/M arrest triggered by 3NPs. In addition, 3NPs activated several myeloma-related signaling, including JNK1/2/3, ERK1/2 and mTOR. To overcome BM microenvironment-mediated drug resistance, nanocomposites retained its anti-MM activity in the presence of stroma. 3NPs significantly decreased the stem cell-like side population in MM cells, even in the context of stroma. We observed strong synergistic effects of 3NPs combined with lenalidomide, pomalidomide, or melphalan, suggesting the potential of these combinations for future clinical studies.
New Schiff base ligand and its novel Cr(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) complexes: spectral investigation, biological applications, and semiconducting properties
Authors: El-ghamry Mosad A. , Elzawawi Fatma M. , Aziz Ayman A. Abdel , Nassir Khadija M. , Abu-El-Wafa Samy M.
Published: October 2022

New Schiff base ligand, derived from antiviral valacyclovir, and its novel Cr(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) complexes have been synthesized. By using a variety of analytical and spectroscopic techniques, the type of bonding between the ligand and the metal ions in the recently formed complexes was clarified. The Schiff base ligand act as a bidentate and coordinated with the metal ions through the azomethine-N and the phenolic-O centers, in a mono-deprotonated form. Except for the Zn(II) complex, which displayed a tetrahedral geometry, all complexes displayed octahedral geometry. The TGA findings supported that the stability and decomposition properties of the metal complexes were entirely distinct from one another. The thermogram showed decomposition of all investigated metal complexes above 200 °C in three, four or five steps, and indicated the high thermal stability of these complexes. According to XRD patterns, the particles of these complexes were located at the nanoscale. Moreover, for all the samples analyzed, the TEM images showed uniform and homogeneous surface morphology. The biological activity revealing the high efficiencies of the screened complexes as antibacterial and antitumor agents. The antimicrobial activity of the ligand and its complexes was examined against a variety of pathogenic bacteria and fungi including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The data obtained revealed that the metal ion in the complexes enhanced the antimicrobial activity compared to the free ligand. The high efficiencies toward S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans appeared by Cu(II) complex 23, Ni(II) complex 20, and Ni(II) complex 19, respectively. The antitumor activity of the ligand and its complexes was tested against Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG-2 cells), the residue 28 which produced after heating the Cu(II) complex 25 at 200 °C for 1 h, exhibited strong inhibition of HepG-2 cell growth. The results of the DNA cleavage investigation demonstrated the ability of investigated Cu(II) complex to degrade DNA. The docking findings showed strong interactions of both the ligand and its examined Cu(II) complex, revealing their ability to cleavage DNA and their potent inhibitory effects on tumor cells. The electrical conductivity study confirmed that the ligand and its investigated complexes had semiconducting properties.
Stress transmission along mid-crustal faults highlighted by the 2021 Mw 6.5 San Juan (Argentina) earthquake
Authors: Ammirati Jean-Baptiste , Mackaman-Lofland Chelsea , Zeckra Martin , Gobron Kevin
Published: October 2022

Understanding the mechanisms of crustal deformation along convergent margins is critical to identifying seismogenic structures and assessing earthquake hazards for nearby urban centers. In the southern central Andes (28–33$$^{\circ }$$∘S), differences in the style of middle to upper-crustal deformation and associated seismicity are highlighted by the January 19th, 2021 (Mw 6.5) San Juan earthquake. We integrate waveforms recorded at regional and teleseismic distances with co-seismic displacements calculated from local Global Navigation Satellite System time series, to re-estimate the source parameters of the 2021 San Juan earthquake, confirming a mid-crustal nucleation depth (21 ± 2 km) and right-lateral transpressional mechanism. Considered alongside decades of seismic observations and geological data, this event provides evidence for retroarc deformation partitioning among inherited basement faults and upper-crustal structures in response to oblique convergence of the Nazca and South American plates. As they may transfer shortening to active upper-crustal faults associated with historically devastating shallower earthquakes, a better understanding of seismogenic basement faults such as the mid-crustal structure activated during the 2021 San Juan earthquake earthquake could help future re-assessment of the seismic risk in western Argentina.
Expression level of the reprogramming factor NeuroD1 is critical for neuronal conversion efficiency from different cell types
Authors: Matsuda-Ito Kanae , Matsuda Taito , Nakashima Kinichi
Published: October 2022

Several transcription factors, including NeuroD1, have been shown to act as neuronal reprogramming factors (RFs) that induce neuronal conversion from somatic cells. However, it remains unexplored whether expression levels of RFs in the original cells affect reprogramming efficiency. Here, we show that the neuronal reprogramming efficiency from two distinct glial cell types, microglia and astrocytes, is substantially dependent on the expression level of NeuroD1: low expression failed to induce neuronal reprogramming, whereas elevated NeuroD1 expression dramatically improved reprogramming efficiency in both cell types. Moreover, even under conditions where NeuroD1 expression was too low to induce effective conversion by itself, combined expression of three RFs (Ascl1, Brn2, and NeuroD1) facilitated the breaking down of cellular barriers, inducing neuronal reprogramming. Thus, our results suggest that a sufficiently high expression level of RFs, or alternatively their combinatorial expression, is the key to achieving efficient neuronal reprogramming from different cells.
The fear of conflict leads people to systematically avoid potentially valuable zero-sum situations
Authors: Davidai Shai , White Michael W. , Gregorich Genevieve
Published: October 2022

From interpersonal interactions to international arms races, game theorists and social scientists have long studied decision-making in zero-sum situations. Yet, what happens when people can freely choose whether to enter zero-sum situations in the first place? Thirteen studies (including five pre-registered) consistently document evidence for zero-sum aversion—the desire to avoid situations that are (or are believed to be) zero-sum. Across different contexts (economic games, market entry decisions, performance reviews, negotiations, job applications), samples (online participant pool, MBA students, community sample), and designs (within- and between-participant, real and hypothetical decisions), people avoid zero-sum situations that inversely link their and others’ outcomes as well as refrain from putting others in such situations. Because people fear that zero-sum situations will be rife with conflict, they exhibit zero-sum aversion even when doing so is costly. Finally, we find that people require zero-sum situations to provide substantially higher payoffs (e.g., compensation) to overcome their zero-sum aversion. We conclude with a discussion of the implications for interpersonal and intergroup conflict.
Efficacy of cabazitaxel and androgen splicing variant-7 status in circulating tumor cells in Asian patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Ashizawa Takeshi , Nagata Masayoshi , Nakamura So , Hirano Hisashi , Nagaya Naoya , Lu Yan , Horie Shigeo
Published: October 2022

Androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) expression in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is associated with abiraterone and enzalutamide resistance. We determine whether cabazitaxel (CBZ) is equally effective in AR-V7-positive and -negative CRPC and whether AR-V7-positive patients retain CBZ sensitivity. This is the first prospective, open-label, Asian validation study of CBZ in Japanese patients with mCRPC after docetaxel (n = 48; four CBZ cycles; 2017–2020, Juntendo University Hospitals). Primary endpoint was prostate-specific antigen response rate (PSA-RR); secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), bone scan index (BSI) PSA-RR (≥ 50% decline from baseline) for CTC−/ARV7−, CTC+ /ARV7−, and CTC +/ARV7+ groups. PSA-RR ≥ − 30% was 38% (18/48) and ≥ − 50% was 26% (12/48). BSI-change rate ≥ − 30% was 19% (9/41) and ≥ − 50% was 17% (8/41). Median OS was 13.7(12.2–18.9) months. PSA decline in early CBZ treatment associated with OS (p = 0.00173). BSI decline associated with OS (p = 0.0194). PSA-RR(≥ 50%) was 43%(6/14) in CTC−/ARV7−, 19%(5/26) in CTC+ ARV7−, and 12%(1/8) in CTC+/ARV7+ (p > 0.05). AR-V7 in CTCs at baseline not associated with OS. AR-V7 was not associated with CBZ resistance in CTCs. Reductions in BSI and PSA in early stages of CBZ treatment may predict OS.
Construction and experimental verification of the spatial attitude kinematic model of advanced support equipment
Authors: Chen Hanzhao , Zhang Kun , Sun Zhengxian , Hu Chengjun , Li Yuxia , Wei Xuntao , Du Mingchao , Liu Ya , Wang Xin
Published: October 2022

The roadway in coal mine is prone to deformation of the surrounding rock under the influence of complex disturbance, which induces the imbalance of support attitude matching between roadway surrounding rock and advanced coupling support equipment, breaks the mechanical balance of the original coupling support system, and causes safety accidents. The postures and offsets of the various working spaces of the advanced hydraulic supports under the influence of complex disturbances are systematically analyzed. The D–H parameter matrix transformation method is used to establish the spatial posture kinematic model of a single/group of advanced hydraulic supports. The posture parameters of each key node are obtained through global coordinate transformation. Based on the comparison of the working attitude parameters of the support obtained through simulation analysis and model calculation, the average absolute error of the support height calculation results of the single group of advanced hydraulic support attitude model is 3.92 mm, and that of the coordinate calculation results of the advanced hydraulic support group is (3.26 mm, 1.99 mm), which meet the accuracy requirements of the advanced hydraulic support attitude monitoring. Finally, the spatial attitude kinematic model of a single/group of advanced hydraulic supports is verified and analyzed by using the advanced hydraulic support attitude monitoring test bench. The maximum error value of the experimental results is 4.9 mm, which verifies the accuracy of the established spatial attitude kinematic model of the advanced hydraulic support. The research results can provide theoretical and technical support for the intelligentization of the advanced coupling support system and the safe and efficient mining of coal mine.
Herbicide spray drift from ground and aerial applications: Implications for potential pollinator foraging sources
Authors: Butts Thomas R. , Fritz Bradley K. , Kouame K. Badou-Jeremie , Norsworthy Jason K. , Barber L. Tom , Ross W. Jeremy , Lorenz Gus M. , Thrash Benjamin C. , Bateman Nick R. , Adamczyk John J.
Published: October 2022

A field spray drift experiment using florpyrauxifen-benzyl was conducted to measure drift from commercial ground and aerial applications, evaluate soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] impacts, and compare to United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) drift models. Collected field data were consistent with US EPA model predictions. Generally, with both systems applying a Coarse spray in a 13-kph average wind speed, the aerial application had a 5.0- to 8.6-fold increase in drift compared to the ground application, and subsequently, a 1.7- to 3.6-fold increase in downwind soybean injury. Soybean reproductive structures were severely reduced following herbicide exposure, potentially negatively impacting pollinator foraging sources. Approximately a 25% reduction of reproductive structures up to 30.5-m downwind and nearly a 100% reduction at 61-m downwind were observed for ground and aerial applications, respectively. Aerial applications would require three to five swath width adjustments upwind to reduce drift potential similar to ground applications.
Optimization method and experimental research on attitude adjustment scheme of attitude adaptive rescue robot
Authors: Wang Shipeng , Pan Dewei , Zhou Zhaoxin , Yu Haochen , Ma Xushi , Fang Guanqing
Published: October 2022

To improve the space attitude adjustment efficiency of the robot designed in this study, the average water level height variation of each ballast tank during the rescue process and the ballast water filling mass before the rescue process are taken as optimization variables, the minimal ballasting time during rescue process as the optimisation objective, and the heel and trim inclination angle, and stability in the rescue process as the constraint conditions. For the first time, an optimization method of a rescue robot space attitude adjustment scheme based on a dynamic programming algorithm is proposed. Relevant experiments and data collection were carried out with a model robot with a physical ratio of 1:2. MATLAB simulation and model robot experimental results show that compared with an empirical scheme, the total deployment time and ballast water total allocation mass are reduced by 11.07% and 30.79%, respectively, and the heel and trim angle variation stability is increased by 4.18% and 8.67%, respectively. The optimization model and algorithm are beneficial to improve the space attitude adjustment efficiency and stability of the rescue robot in this paper, and it is also easier to transfer to other fields of ballast water allocation, which has strong practical engineering significance.
Simulation of a machine learning enabled learning health system for risk prediction using synthetic patient data
Authors: Chen Anjun , Chen Drake O.
Published: October 2022

When enabled by machine learning (ML), Learning Health Systems (LHS) hold promise for improving the effectiveness of healthcare delivery to patients. One major barrier to LHS research and development is the lack of access to EHR patient data. To overcome this challenge, this study demonstrated the feasibility of developing a simulated ML-enabled LHS using synthetic patient data. The ML-enabled LHS was initialized using a dataset of 30,000 synthetic Synthea patients and a risk prediction XGBoost base model for lung cancer. 4 additional datasets of 30,000 patients were generated and added to the previous updated dataset sequentially to simulate addition of new patients, resulting in datasets of 60,000, 90,000, 120,000 and 150,000 patients. New XGBoost models were built in each instance, and performance improved with data size increase, attaining 0.936 recall and 0.962 AUC (area under curve) in the 150,000 patients dataset. The effectiveness of the new ML-enabled LHS process was verified by implementing XGBoost models for stroke risk prediction on the same Synthea patient populations. By making the ML code and synthetic patient data publicly available for testing and training, this first synthetic LHS process paves the way for more researchers to start developing LHS with real patient data.
A long noncoding RNA HILinc1 enhances pear thermotolerance by stabilizing PbHILT1 transcripts through complementary base pairing
Authors: Zhang Yi , Wang Shengnan , Li Wei , Wang Shengyuan , Hao Li , Xu Chaoran , Yu Yunfei , Xiang Ling , Li Tianzhong , Jiang Feng
Published: October 2022

As global warming intensifies, heat stress has become a major environmental constraint threatening crop production and quality worldwide. Here, we characterize Heat-induced long intergenic noncoding RNA 1 (HILinc1), a cytoplasm-enriched lincRNA that plays a key role in thermotolerance regulation of pear (Pyrus spp.). HILinc1 Target 1 (PbHILT1) which is the target transcript of HILinc1, was stabilized via complementary base pairing to upregulate its expression. PbHILT1 could bind to Heat shock transcription factor A1b (PbHSFA1b) to enhance its transcriptional activity, leading to the upregulation of a major downstream transcriptional regulator, Multiprotein bridging factor 1c (PbMBF1c), during heat response. Transient overexpressing of either HILinc1 or PbHILT1 increases thermotolerance in pear, while transient silencing of HILinc1 or PbHILT1 makes pear plants more heat sensitive. These findings provide evidences for a new regulatory mechanism by which HILinc1 facilitates PbHSFA1b activity and enhances pear thermotolerance through stabilizing PbHILT1 transcripts.
Intron turnover is essential to the development and pathogenicity of the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Choi Yejin , Lee Hyun-Hee , Park Jiyeun , Kim Sieun , Choi Soyoung , Moon Heeji , Shin Jiyoung , Kim Jung-Eun , Choi Gyung Ja , Seo Young-Su , Son Hokyoung
Published: October 2022

Intron lariats excised during the splicing process are rapidly degraded by RNA lariat debranching enzyme (Dbr1) and several exonucleases. Rapid turnover of lariat RNA is essential to cellular RNA homeostasis. However, the functions of Dbr1 have not been investigated in filamentous fungi. Here, we characterized the molecular functions of Dbr1 in Fusarium graminearum, a major fungal plant pathogen. Deletion of FgDBR1 resulted in pleiotropic defects in hyphal growth, conidiation, sexual reproduction, and virulence. Through transcriptome analysis, we revealed that the deletion mutant exhibited global accumulation of intron lariats and upregulation of ribosome-related genes. Excessive accumulation of lariat RNA led to reduced overall protein synthesis, causing various phenotypic defects in the absence of FgDBR1. The results of this study demonstrate that a compromised intron turnover process affects development and pathogenesis in this fungus and that Dbr1 function is critical to plant pathogenic fungi.
Intramolecular charge-transfer enhances energy transfer efficiency in carotenoid-reconstituted light-harvesting 1 complex of purple photosynthetic bacteria
Authors: Yukihira Nao , Uragami Chiasa , Horiuchi Kota , Kosumi Daisuke , Gardiner Alastair T. , Cogdell Richard J. , Hashimoto Hideki
Published: October 2022

In bacterial photosynthesis, the excitation energy transfer (EET) from carotenoids to bacteriochlorophyll a has a significant impact on the overall efficiency of the primary photosynthetic process. This efficiency can be enhanced when the involved carotenoid has intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) character, as found in light-harvesting systems of marine alga and diatoms. Here, we provide insights into the significance of ICT excited states following the incorporation of a higher plant carotenoid, β-apo-8′-carotenal, into the carotenoidless light-harvesting 1 (LH1) complex of the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum strain G9+. β-apo-8′-carotenal generates the ICT excited state in the reconstituted LH1 complex, achieving an efficiency of EET of up to 79%, which exceeds that found in the wild-type LH1 complex.
Quantum light transport in phase-separated Anderson localization fiber
Authors: Demuth Alexander , Camphausen Robin , Cuevas Álvaro , Borrelli Nick F. , Seward Thomas P. , Lamberson Lisa , Koch Karl W. , Ruggeri Alessandro , Madonini Francesca , Villa Federica , Pruneri Valerio
Published: October 2022

Propagation of light by Anderson localization has been demonstrated in micro-nano-structured fibers. In this work, we introduce a phase separated glass Anderson localization optical fiber for quantum applications. By using a spontaneous parametric down-conversion source, multi-photon detection with a single-photon avalanche diode array camera, and signal post-processing techniques, we demonstrate quantum light transport, where spatial correlations between photon pairs are preserved after propagation. In order to better understand and improve light transport, we study light localization, observing a dependence on wavelength. Our results indicate that the proposed phase separated fiber may become an effective platform for quantum imaging and communication.
Ultrasensitive detection of acephate based on carbon quantum dot-mediated fluorescence inner filter effects
Authors: Li Haiqin , Deng Rong , Tavakoli Hamed , Li Xiaochun , Li XiuJun
Published: October 2022

A simple quantitative method based on the carbon quantum dot (CQD)-mediated fluorescence inner filter effect (IFE) has been developed for ultrasensitive detection of acephate.
N-Cadherin adhesive ligation regulates mechanosensitive neural stem cell lineage commitment in 3D matrices
Authors: Baek Jieung , Kumar Sanjay , Schaffer David V. , Im Sung Gap
Published: October 2022

We demonstrate a novel strategy to independently control cell–ECM and cell–cell interactions of neural stem cells in a 3D matrix.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid-functionalized naphthalene diimide for aqueous organic flow batteries
Authors: Shahsavan Mahsa , Wiberg Cedrik , Peljo Pekka
Published: October 2022

Gamma-aminobutyric acid-functionalized naphthalene diimide (GABA-NDI) was synthesized and cycled in a flow battery coupled with ferrocyanide. The battery demonstrated a coulombic efficiency of 99.96% and an energy efficiency of 80.9% at 60 mA cm−2.
Azobenzene-based unnatural amino acid scaffolds via a Pd(ii)-catalyzed C(sp3)–H arylation strategy
Authors: Tomar Radha , Suwasia Sonam , Choudhury Angshuman Roy , Venkataramani Sugumar , Babu Srinivasarao Arulananda
Published: October 2022

Azobenzene-based unnatural amino acid motifs were constructed via the Pd(ii)-catalyzed diastereoselective β-C(sp3)–H arylation and Mills azo coupling tactics.
Ni3N/Co4N nanosheet heterojunction electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline fresh water/simulated seawater
Authors: Zhang Lixin , Wei Hao , Jiu Hongfang , Wang Congli , Qin Yaqin , Che Sicong , Guo Zhixin , Han Yuxin
Published: October 2022

The Ni3N/Co4N nanosheet heterojunction exhibits higher HER activity in alkaline fresh water and simulated seawater.
Topological structural transformation of a two-dimensional coordination polymer via single-crystal to single-crystal photoreaction
Authors: Li Ni-Ya , Guo Xin-Yu , Liu Lei-Lei , Ma Jian , Liu Dong
Published: October 2022

A two-dimensional coordination polymer can carry out photoinduced C–C coupling reaction through single-crystal to single-crystal transformation and exhibit photocontrolled fluorescence.
Synthesis and reactivity of titanium ‘POCOP’ pincer complexes
Authors: Webster Leah , Krämer Tobias , Chadwick F. Mark
Published: October 2022

Titanium ‘POCOP’ complexes have been made, and their ability to support further reactivity investigated, giving a rare isolable titanium chlorohydride.
Direct Z-scheme polymeric heterojunction boosts photocatalytic hydrogen productionviaa rebuilt extended π-delocalized network
Authors: Xu Linpeng , Tian Bining , Wang Tianyue , Yu Ying , Wu Yucheng , Cui Jiewu , Cao Zhongnan , Wu Jianhong , Zhang Weike , Zhang Qi , Liu Jiaqin , Li Zhanfeng , Tian Yue
Published: October 2022

We propose a strategy to rebuild the extended π-delocalized network in a Z-scheme polymeric heterojunction to improve the photon utilization efficiency, engendering an unprecedentedly high photocatalytic performance.
Nutrient removal from stormwater in floating treatment wetlands: prediction of kinetic rates, effect of initial concentration and plant performance assessment
Authors: Nuruzzaman Md , Anwar A. H. M. Faisal , Sarukkalige Ranjan
Published: October 2022

Plant dry biomass normalised by water volume predicts nutrient removal kinetics.
Water quality in drinking water distribution systems: research trends through the 21st century
Authors: Weston Sally L. , Scheili Anna , Behmel Sonja , Rodriguez Manuel J.
Published: October 2022

Countries with literature relating to water quality in drinking water distribution systems.
A tetrapeptide from maize combined with probiotics exerted strong anti-inflammatory effects and modulated gut microbiota in DSS-induced colitis mice
Authors: Li Zhiguo , Zhang Shan , Xu Li , Fang Xuexun , Wan Youzhong , Yu Dahai , Guo Yi
Published: October 2022

Both tetrapeptide from maize and probiotics could alleviate DSS-induced colitis by anti-inflammation, inhibiting oxidative stress and modulating the gut microbiota, and their combination could lead to more effective alleviation.
Molecular engineering of fluoroether electrolytes for lithium metal batteries
Authors: Chen Yuxi , Lee Elizabeth M. Y. , Gil Phwey S. , Ma Peiyuan , Amanchukwu Chibueze V. , de Pablo Juan J.
Published: October 2022

A critical balance between high solvent self-diffusivity in short-chain solvents and low solvation free energy in long-chain solvents leads to an optimal solvent size for achieving high ionic conductivity for fluoroether solvents.
Tuning a coiled-coil hydrogel via computational design of supramolecular fiber assembly
Authors: Britton Dustin , Meleties Michael , Liu Chengliang , Jia Sihan , Mahmoudinobar Farbod , Renfrew P. Douglas , Bonneau Richard , Montclare Jin Kim
Published: October 2022

Higher-order supramolecular assembly of a coiled-coil protein can be modulated by iterative tuning of its electrostatic potential.
Cytoskeleton-inspired hydrogel ionotronics for tactile perception and electroluminescent display in complex mechanical environments
Authors: Dai Chenchen , Wang Yang , Shan Yicheng , Ye Chao , Lv Zhuochen , Yang Shuo , Cao Leitao , Ren Jing , Yu Haipeng , Liu Shouxin , Shao Zhengzhong , Li Jian , Chen Wenshuai , Ling Shengjie
Published: October 2022

A hydrogel ionotronic with a double filamentous network is constructed, which shows enhanced original strength and toughness, and can tolerate extreme mechanical stimuli. It is applied in tactile perception and electroluminescent display.
Upcycling of thermosetting polymers into high-value materials
Authors: Wang Binbo , Wang Yi , Du Shuai , Zhu Jin , Ma Songqi
Published: October 2022

The strategies implemented for upcycling thermoset waste are first reviewed, followed by their strengths and weaknesses; lastly, future directions are highlighted.
Synthesis, structure, magnetic properties and thermal behaviour of Ba–MII (MII = Mn, Co, Cu, and Zn) allylmalonates
Authors: Zorina-Tikhonova Ekaterina N. , Matyukhina Anna K. , Chistyakov Aleksandr S. , Vologzhanina Anna V. , Korlyukov Alexander A. , Gogoleva Natalia V. , Novikova Veronika A. , Belova Ekaterina V. , Ugolkova Elena A. , Starikova Alyona A. , Korchagin Denis V. , Babeshkin Konstantin A. , Efimov Nikolay N. , Kiskin Mikhail A. , Eremenko Igor L.
Published: October 2022

A series of Ba-MII complexes with allylmalonic acid anions [BaMII(Amal)2(H2O)3]n (MII = Mn, Co, Cu, and Zn) were synthesized. The magnetic measurements revealed slow magnetic relaxation in non-zero field (HDC = 1500 Oe) for CoII ions.
Novel porous organic polymers functionalized by metalloporphyrin and phosphonium salts for the efficient synergistic catalysis of CO2 conversion under mild conditions
Authors: Dai Zhifeng , Wang Shiting , Zhou Ning , Liu Yuxia , Xiong Yubing
Published: October 2022

Metalloporphyrin- and phosphonium-functionalized porous organic polymers (POPs) were fabricated successfully via a post-synthesis modification strategy, which were demonstrated to be efficient heterogeneous catalysts for CO2 conversion.
The synthesis and properties research of functionalized polyolefins
Authors: Ma Zhanshan , Ji Minghang , Pang Wenmin , Si Guifu , Chen Min
Published: October 2022

This work demonstrated a tandem ROMP/hydrogenation approach for the preparation of functionalized polyolefins and their properties were investigated.
Design, synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, computational analysis, and in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase evaluation of 3-aminopyridin-2(1H)-one based novel monothiooxamides and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles
Authors: Palamarchuk Irina V. , Shulgau Zarina T. , Dautov Adilet Y. , Sergazy Shynggys D. , Kulakov Ivan V.
Published: October 2022

On the basis of biologically active 3-aminopyridin-2(1H)-ones, chemical modification of derivatives of the corresponding monothiooxamides, thiohydrazides, and conjugated 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives has been carried out for the first time.
Tailoring the crystallization of poly(l-lactide) via structural optimization of hydrogen-bonding segments with different aliphatic spacer lengths
Authors: Yu Manman , Xu Yunsheng , Xu Pengwu , Du Youpei , Yang Weijun , Zhang Pingxia , Ma Piming
Published: October 2022

A series of hydroxy-terminated oxalamide segments (OXA-n, HO-(CH2)n-NHCOCONH-(CH2)n-OH, n = 2, 4 and 6) were designed as initiators for ring-opening polymerization and then poly(l-lactide) with OXA-n in the middle (PLLAOXA-n) were synthesized.
A blue-emitting Eu2+-activated BaZnAl10O17phosphor for white light emitting diodes: structure and luminescence properties
Authors: Zhang Tianqing , Jiang Xiliang , Chen Rujia , Liu Bingyan , Yang Weiling , Li Ce , Lin Hai , Liu Huisheng , Li Chun , Zeng Fanming , Su Zhongmin
Published: October 2022

In the process of developing high-performance LCDs, narrow-band emitting phosphors with excellent performance are indispensable.
Recent progress in the application of iodonium ylides in organic synthesis
Authors: Mi Xia , Pi Chao , Feng Weisheng , Cui Xiuling
Published: October 2022

This review summarizes the recent advances in the synthetic application of iodonium ylides covering 2017 to 2022.
Selective synthesis of functionalized α,β-multi-substituted α-amino cyclopentanones via an α-iminol rearrangement enabled by Pd-catalyzed addition of arylboronic acids to nitriles
Authors: Ma Qian-Qian , Li Cheng-Jing , Liao Wei-Wei
Published: October 2022

An efficient approach to construct α, β-multi-substituted α-amino cyclopentanones is described through an α-iminol rearrangement enabled by Pd-catalyzed addition of arylboronic acids to nitriles.
Chiral polycyclic benzosultams from photocatalytic diastereo- and enantioselective benzylic C–H functionalization
Authors: Zhang Shaonan , Dong Shicheng , Cheng Xiuliang , Ye Ziqi , Lin Lu , Zhu Jun , Gong Lei
Published: October 2022

Photocatalytic diastereo- and enantioselective C(sp3)–H functionalization/intramolecular cyclization reactions have been achieved, delivering optically active polycyclic benzosultams and fused tetrahydroisoquinolines.
Total synthesis of (+)-ent-vetiverianine a via Lewis acid-mediated cyclization
Authors: Mashiko Tomoya , Nagata Eiji , Sakate Hisaaki , Kamo Shogo , Sugita Kazuyuki
Published: October 2022

We describe the first total synthesis of (+)-ent-vetiverianine A, which exhibits a 5/6/6-fused tricyclic structure, with the longest linear sequence of 14 steps, and in 12% overall yield.
Regulating the pyrolysis process of cation intercalated MnO2 nanomaterials for electrocatalytic urea oxidation performance
Authors: Shi Yuxin , Li Jianing , Zhang Xu , Zhao Kai , Wang Zheng , Wang Zhao , Peng Xu
Published: October 2022

The pyrolysis process of three species of MnO2 was tracked by TG-MS, and the pyrolysis products showed UOR performance. The overpotential of 2D-MnO2-550 was 1.320 V vs. RHE at the current density of 10 mA cm−2.
Visible-light photoelectrocatalysis/H2O2 synergistic degradation of organic pollutants by a magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2@mesoporous TiO2 catalyst-loaded photoelectrode
Authors: Zhang Bo , Li Xuemei , Ma Yongshan , Jiang Tianyi , Zhu Yanyan , Ren Huixue
Published: October 2022

A visible-light PEC/H2O2 synergistic system based on Fe3O4@SiO2@mesoporous TiO2 photocatalysts was constructed. Reaction mechanisms during PEC/H2O2 coupling system were elucidated.
Competitive fluorescence immunoassay for the rapid qualitative screening and accurate quantitative analysis of ketamine
Authors: Cao Jie , Li Mingjie , Chen Xiao-Ying
Published: October 2022

In this paper, a sensitive and specific competitive fluorescence immunoassay (CFIA) method was developed and a novel competitive model was used for rapid and indirect quantitative analysis of ketamine (KET) in human urine, blood, or sewage.
New organic dye-sensitized solar cells based on the D–A–π–A structure for efficient DSSCs: DFT/TD-DFT investigations
Authors: Azaid Ahmed , Raftani Marzouk , Alaqarbeh Marwa , Kacimi Rchid , Abram Tayeb , Khaddam Youness , Nebbach Diae , Sbai Abdelouahid , Lakhlifi Tahar , Bouachrine Mohammed
Published: October 2022

Global energy consumption has increased due to population growth and economic development.
Solvent effects on the motion of a crown ether/amino rotaxane
Authors: Wu Zhen , Wang Shuangshuang , Zhang Zilin , Zhang Yanjun , Yin Yanzhen , Shi Haixin , Jiao Shufei
Published: October 2022

A crown ether/amino rotaxane was investigated using two-dimensional free-energy landscapes to characterize the conformational change of the crown ether and the shuttling motions in chloroform and water.