MECHANISM OF FORMING THE BUDGET OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURES OF A SMALL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Sibiryatkina Irina 
Published: December 2024

The sanctions pressure after the start of the special military operation affected the economic situation of the Russian Federation as a whole and business in particular and caused instability in the domestic and foreign markets. The growing sanctions of Western and other countries are aimed at worsening the stability of the Russian economy as a whole and all its constituent elements from large to medium and small businesses. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are the most vulnerable in difficult economic conditions and need not only external support, but also a correct assessment of the internal factors of their activities in an effective approach to financial management (income and expenses). Unfavorable external factors influenced the processes of forming mechanisms for improving internal organizational structures, current models of accounting for the expenses of small enterprises and, in general, changes in the strategy for the development of small businesses in the current economic and political conditions. Undoubtedly, in difficult economic realities, business entities are forming a toolkit aimed at ensuring income growth and reducing enterprise expenses. The financial result of a commercial enterprise is directly related to the mechanism for forming the budget of income and expenses of its activities. Planning and control of the formed mechanism of the income and expense budget is the most important task of the financial activity of any enterprise.
Budgeting of income and expenses of the enterprise has a positive effect on the forecast and control of its expenses and determines positive income growth.
The process of forming a mechanism of an effective budget of income and expenses of the enterprise is possible with the use of modern methods of analysis, accounting, control of income and expenses of a small enterprise, with the use of the latest information platforms and planning technologies, reasonable indicators of the mechanism for assessing the financial condition in order to optimize expenses and grow the enterprise's income.
The article considers approaches to the formation of a mechanism for planning the budget of income and expenses of a small enterprise and an indicator of the financial strength of an economic entity is formed on the basis of accounting and management accounting data.
The conclusions obtained by the author in the course of the materials presented in the publication are based on economic methods of comparison and contrast of planned and actual financial indicators of an economic entity.
The author proposes the main elements of the mechanism for planning the budget of income and expenses of a small enterprise. Based on the proposed indicators, the final balance of income and expenses is calculated on a certain date; the budget plan includes the calculation of the indicator for assessing the financial strength of a small enterprise, which allows assessing financial activity at the present moment and making a forecast for the future. Using the proposed plan of the budget of income and expenses for small businesses in practical activities will contribute to improving financial planning, profit forecasting and making operational management decisions.