bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF AN APPLICATION FOR THE ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH OF THE PARAMETERS OF SCIENTIFIC TEXT DOCUMENTS CAPABLE OF WORKING WITH SEVERAL OPERATING SYSTEMS
Authors: Mietielov Volodymyr , Marusenko Oleksiі , Brodskiy Glib
Published: December 2022

In the work designed, developed and implemented a cross-platform application for retrieving information from the repository, displaying it correctly, generating a description of references in various styles, as well as for opening a document in a cross-platform application. The MS Windows 11 operating system, the Dart programming language and the Flutter framework were used in the development. The optimization of the program was ensured by using the Flutter BloC architecture, it allowed to structure the code, separate the interface from the logic and visually describe the operation of the program depending on various states. The input data is information about the scientific work in the repository, the user's request in the search field is in the form of a link. The result of the work is: a list of processed links, a description of references in different styles, a document of a scientific work, a link for opening in a browser. Instructions containing all the necessary information about the main aspects of the application have been added to the cross-platform application. A page was also created where users can get the necessary help or report problems with the application. The application was tested on devices based o-n the Android 11 operating system and above, devices based on the iOS operating system, and a web browser. To run on an Android-based device, you need to install an apk file and run the app, to run on an iOS-based device, you need to install the app using any development environment. To run in a web browser, you will need to run from the development environment. All these functions make the application relevant for use by students and teachers in the creation of scientific, diploma, and research works. And also to get acquainted with the latest research of colleagues in a large number of areas. The cross-platform application allows you to quickly and conveniently get all available information about work, as well as view the work itself on your device without using third-party programs.
UNMANNED SYSTEMS: HUMAN FACTOR PROBLEMS
Authors: Mygal Galyna , Protasenko Olga
Published: December 2022

With the creation of unmanned systems the development of ergonomics has entered a new stage in studying human-machine interaction and exacerbated safety issues. The requirements for safety, resistance to failures and reliability of the systems and their main connection – the human operator, were changed. New challenges – new human problems in digital systems. Digitization has made it possible to create unmanned systems, but it has also created an ergonomic contradiction between intentions and results. Its essence is that, in contrast to the expected increase in efficiency and safety, the increase in unmanned systems automation leads to an increase in the risks associated with human influence. Unmanned aerial systems have unique ergonomic challenges related to the specifics of the UAV operator and the technical features of the UAVs themselves as complex systems. In this regard, it is relevant to analyze the reasons for the continuing manifestations of the human factor phenomenon in the functioning of unmanned systems and the search for ways to reduce them. The purpose is to study the human factor problem in complex systems that use information and communication technologies, using the example of unmanned aircraft systems. The article takes a critical look at the human factor issues in unmanned aviation that are not being addressed by existing approaches. An iceberg model of change management in the safety of complex systems is proposed. It is shown that the human factor in unmanned systems arises and severely decreases because of the nontransdisciplinary nature of the education of modern engineers and operators. And the essential role in overcoming this problem is knowledge aimed at understanding the capabilities and limitations of a person as the main link of the system, which then makes decisions in the management process. It is shown that it is necessary to pay considerable attention to the development of ergonomic thinking among everyone whose activities relate to the life cycle of a complex system. That is, it is the transdisciplinarity of the education of specialists that allows for reducing the specified risks of human-machine interaction.
APPLICATION OF THE ERROR FUNCTION FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF QUALIMETRY OBJECTS
Authors: Sorocolat Nataliia , Fatieieva Lina
Published: December 2022

The existing functional dependencies between the measured values of quality indicators and their evaluation on a dimensionless scale, which were used to evaluate qualimetry objects of different nature, are analyzed. It is shown that for an objective assessment of qualimetry objects, as a rule, it is necessary to apply nonlinear dependencies. The main task of the researcher is to choose the type of nonlinear dependence, it requires additional scientific research. A tool for choosing a particular nonlinear dependence is to understand the physical essence of the qualimetry object, that is, to understand the laws of the relationship between the measured value of qualimetry indicators and their evaluation. It is determined that when assessing the quality of qualimetry objects, it is necessary to have estimates of multidimensional quality indicators in dimensionless terms. To obtain dimensionless estimates, it is necessary to know the type of dependence between the actual quality indicators and their estimates. The search for such dependence is not a simple scientific task and requires a number of studies. To obtain estimates of different quality indicators in a dimensionless scale, it is proposed to apply such a mathematical dependence that would take into account the shortcomings of the existing ones and would be methodologically and practically provided. After all, any scientific problem must be brought to practical application. As a mathematical dependence, it is proposed to apply the error function, which is non-elementary and is used in mathematical statistics and mathematical physics to solve some practical problems. The use of the error function became possible due to the development of computer technology, because its application requires a number of mathematical transformations. The error function is standardized in applications, so there are great opportunities for its practical application. It is proposed to use the error function for quantitative assessment of the quality of objects of different nature. Its capability and efficiency are checked. The proposed function can be universal. It is checked that it can be used to assess the quality of qualimetry objects of different nature.
Fracture in Patients with Normal Bone Mineral Density
Authors: Kadri Aamir , Binkley Neil , Daffner Scott D. , Anderson Paul A.
Published: December 2022

Background:

Fractures often occur in patients with normal dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-measured bone mineral density (BMD). DXA does not consider clinical fracture risk factors or bone quality. We hypothesized that patients with normal BMD who sustain a fracture have other characteristics suggesting abnormal bone and an elevated fracture risk requiring additional bone health evaluation and potential anti-osteoporotic treatment.

Methods:

A total of 7,219 patients who were ≥50 years of age, had sustained a fracture from July 2016 to July 2021, and had DXA data in the American Orthopaedic Association’s Own the Bone (AOA OTB) registry were included in this study. The index and prior fracture site data were obtained. BMD status was classified by the World Health Organization T-score criteria. The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) scores with and without BMD were calculated in patients with normal BMD. An elevated risk was defined as a major osteoporotic fracture risk of ≥20% or a hip fracture risk of ≥3%.

Results:

The mean patient age (and standard deviation) was 70.8 ± 9.71 years, 84% of patients were female, and 92% of patients were Caucasian. Normal BMD was present in 8.6% of patients. The index fracture was a major osteoporotic fracture in 68.6% of patients with normal BMD and 75.6% of patients with osteoporosis. The most common site for index and prior fractures other than major osteoporotic fractures was the foot and ankle; of patients with normal BMD, 13.9% had this as the most common index site and 17.4% had this as the most common prior site. The FRAX risk calculated without BMD was elevated in 72.9% of patients with normal BMD, and the FRAX risk calculated with BMD was elevated in 12.0% of patients.

Conclusions:

Most patients with a fracture and normal BMD met indications, including a prior fracture or elevated FRAX risk, for anti-osteoporotic therapies. Most patients were Caucasian and therefore potentially had a higher baseline fracture risk. The FRAX risk calculated without BMD was elevated more often than the FRAX risk with BMD, implying that clinical risk factors, which highlight multiple opportunities for non-pharmacologic secondary fracture prevention, should be considered along with DXA. Fractures other than major osteoporotic fractures were more common in patients with normal BMD, suggesting that minor fractures in adults who are ≥50 years of age should be considered sentinel events warranting further evaluation. Surgeons must recognize that other important risk factors apart from BMD may help to guide further bone health evaluation.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Law Versus Humanity: Problems of the Non Refoulement Principle Regarding Refugees in Southeast Asia
Authors: Bakker Felix Ferdin , Putri Respati Triana , Chairunnisa Dhea
Published: December 2022

Legal issues related to refugees in Southeast Asia are influenced by the lack of regulations related to refugees in countries in Southeast Asia. This is related to the increasing number of refugees in Southeast Asia who are accepted by a country only based on humanitarian reasons. This study aims to examine the legal aspects related to the problem of refugees with the principle of non-refoulement related to refugees in Southeast Asia. This research is a normative legal research with a conceptual approach and legislation. The results of the study confirm that one of the legal aspects related to refugees in Southeast Asia is to strengthen regulations in each country in Southeast Asia. This includes also confirming the existence of the principle of non-refoulement by ratifying and becoming a party to the 1951 Convention and 1967 Protocol as an effort to provide legal certainty in implementing legal policies related to refugees. In addition, the role of the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR) plays an important role in providing welfare and protection for refugees from violence and discrimination. This is mainly by optimizing the involvement of ASEAN countries in providing direct assistance with the distribution of food, clothing and a decent living regardless of matters relating to citizenship. This is intended so that ASEAN countries' acceptance of refugees for humanitarian reasons is also limited and guided by legal products that guarantee legal certainty as well as the implementation of the principle of non-refoulement.
The Legal Position of the Security Unit in the Perspective of Labor Law
Authors: Teguh Pribampudi , Mustakim
Published: December 2022

This study aims to examine the legal position of security guards in relation to labor law aspects. This research is a normative legal research with a concept and statutory approach. The results of the study confirm that the legal position of a security guard in employment law is that in terms of duties and authorities, a security guard actually carries out the duties of the police, but in terms of rights and obligations in general, such as those related to wages, leave, overtime and so on, they should be based on labor provisions as stipulated in the Labor Law and the Job Creation Law. Regarding the guarantee of employment rights for security guards in the perspective of labor law based on the principle of ejusdem generis in general it can be equated with rights for workers in general, such as: the right to adequate wages, the right to leave, the right to health insurance, the right to severance pay, as well as the right to legal protection. However, there are rights that need to get special arrangements related to security guards in their position as special workers such as the right to associate and assemble which need to be further regulated through government regulations and presidential regulations which contain: the position of independent security guards, especially security guards, rights and obligations, as well as efforts and legal mechanisms.
Highlights:

Dual Role: Security guards perform police duties and have labor law rights.
Employment Rights: Guards' rights align with general workers.
Special Regulations: Specific rights need further government regulation.

Keywords: labor law, security guard, SATPAM
KEDUDUKAN HUKUM PEMEGANG HAK TANGGUNGAN ATAS TANAH HAK GUNA BANGUNAN DI ATAS TANAH NEGARA YANG JANGKA WAKTUNYA TELAH BERAKHIR
Authors: Ardiyanto Ardiyanto
Published: December 2022

The current positive law no longer allows HGB to be extended continuously, and must return to state land. One of the reasons for the loss of mortgage rights is related to the expiration of the HGB. The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal consequences and legal protection for creditors holding mortgage rights after the HGB expires. The results of the research are that the lex posteriori derogat lex priori principle results in PP 18/2021 which is in the hierarchy of the Job Creation Law to override old regulations that are at the same level as government regulations. With the implementation of Article 37 PP 18/2021 there is a gap in the position of banks as preferred creditors to become concurrent creditors because the HGB has returned to become state land. In non-litigation efforts by regulating clauses related to extension, renewal and re-application of HGB in credit agreements that are preventive in nature against Article 37 PP 18/2021. Litigation efforts against the abolition of mortgage rights must be carried out in a default suit or unlawful act.
ANALYSIS OF THE SYNERGY CONCEPT IN MANAGEMENT OF TOURISM POTENTIAL BASED ON SYIRKAH MUDHARABAH
Authors: Susanti Dyah Ochtorina
Published: December 2022

This research is motivated by problems that become obstacles in developing the tourism sector. In this regard, the role of investors is needed in assisting in the management of tourism potential by synergizing with local governments. This study uses a normative research method with a statute legal approach to examine the rules governing tourism management in Indonesia, as well as the regulation of syirkah mudharabah; and a conceptual approach to examine the meaning of synergy, syirkah, and mudharabah akads. The results of the study explain that the form of synergy between local governments and investors in managing the tourism sector based on syirkah mudharabah includes 2 (two) forms, namely first, the synergy from the Local Government to investors in the form of providing information to investors regarding infrastructure or other needs that needed in managing tourism potential, reporting the results of coaching and mentoring of Pokdarwis, etc. second, the synergy carried out by investors to the Regional Government, in the form of providing funds following the RAB proposed by the regional government to investors, an investor can provide capital in the form of infrastructure needed by tourist objects.
MSME EMPOWERMENT POLICY STRATEGY IN ORDER TO DO ACCELERATING OF THE DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL SERVICES ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Handayani Tri , Abubakar Lastuti
Published: December 2022

The post-Covid-19 National Economic Recovery (PEN) is carried out through the synergy of the Government's policies with the Financial Services Authority (OJK), one of which is regarding financing for the Priority Economic Sector, namely MSMEs. The government issued a PEN policy in order to protect, maintain and improve the economic capacity of business actors during the pandemic. On the other hand, OJK is committed to encouraging the development of MSMEs so that they become a buffer for the economy. OJK's steps are committed to maintaining financial system stability. In implementing the policy, of course, there will be challenges and obstacles, therefore the legal issue that will be studied is how the policy strategy can be applied in terms of developing MSMEs in order to realize a financial services ecosystem. The research method used is a normative juridical approach using secondary data in the form of primary legal materials, namely legislation, secondary legal materials, namely journal articles and the results of previous research. Primary data is the result of research conducted using a legal approach, namely through a review of all laws and regulations related to the legal issues being studied. The results of the analysis show that the empowerment of MSMEs in the context of Accelerating the Development of the Financial Services Ecosystem begins with the issuance of policies by the government, namely: the National Recovery Program, the Implementation of the Job Creation Act and its derivative regulations, as well as the Indonesian-made Proud Movement program. In addition, steps to suspend the settlement of MSME obligations or debts for both tax obligations and business loan obligations, and provide loans directly to MSME actors so that they can have sufficient capital to maintain business and encourage the digitization of MSME businesses so that they can continue to operate in conditions where there are social restrictions. Community is a step that is considered to save the existence of MSMEs during the Pandemic.
APPLICATION OF SOMATIC, AUDITORY, VISUALIZATION, INTELLECTUAL (SAVI) LEARNING MODELS ON SOCIAL STUDIES LEARNING OUTCOMES FOR CLASS V STUDENTS
Authors: Nopitasari Ade Elvina , Egok Asep Sukenda , Yuneti Armi
Published: December 2022

The background in this study is the low social studies learning outcomes of class V students. The learning model used to improve students' social studies learning outcomes is using the SAVI learning model. This study aims to determine the social studies learning outcomes of fifth grade students after the SAVI learning model was applied. The research method used is the one group pre-test-post-test method. The data of this study were collected through the pre-test and post-test scores for social studies learning outcomes with a total of 28 students, after being treated using the SAVI model, the students' initial abilities before being given treatment (pre-test) obtained an average value of 48,40 while after being given treatment (post-test) the average score of students was 78,94. This can be seen from the results of data processing using the Z test with a confidence level of 5% (α = 0.05). Seems like  of 6.01 and  of 1,64. This means rejected and  accepted. Thus, the hypothesis proposed in this study can be accepted as true, that the application of the SAVI learning model to the Social Studies learning outcomes of Class V students is significantly complete.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONTEXTUAL-BASED UNO STACKO LEARNING MEDIA IN THE THEMATIC LEARNING OF CLASS IV SD NEGERI 11 LUBUKLINGGAU
Authors: Nadiya Chika Rizki , Aswarliansyah Aswarliansyah , Valen Andri
Published: December 2022

This study aims to develop a contextual-based Uno Stacko learning media design for valid, practical, and effective thematic learning. The subjects in this study were2 lecturers as media validators and language validators, class teachers, and 19 class IV.B students at SD Negeri 11 Lubuklinggau. The method used is Research and Development (RD) with a 4-D model, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. The results of the assessment analysis of all validators obtained a score of 0.85 in the very valid category. Recapitulation of practicality percentage reached96.2%in the very practical category. Then the results of the effectiveness obtained an N-gain value of 0.8 in the high category. It can be concluded that the contextual-based Uno Stacko media is valid, practical, and effective. Thus, it can be stated that Contextual-based Uno Stacko media is suitable for use in thematic learning of fourth grade elementary school students.
THE APPLICATION OF THE GUIDED INQUIRY LEARNING MODEL ON INDONESIAN LEARNING STUDENTS OF CLASS V SD NEGERI 39 LUBUKLINGGAU
Authors: Anerza Fenia , Prananosa Ahmad Gawdy , Frima Aren
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the completion of the Indonesian language learning outcomes for fifth grade students of SD Negeri 39 Lubuklinggau. The research method used is in the form of Pre Experimental Design. The population is the entire fifth grade of SD Negeri 39 Lubuklinggau and at the same time the research sample is 26 students. The data was collected using a test technique consisting of 9 questions. The collected data were analyzed by using t-test. Based on the results of the t-test analysis with a significant level of = 0.05, it was obtained that tcount (4.746) ttable (1.708) Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected, so that it can be concluded that student learning outcomes after participating in Indonesian language learning using the Guided Inquiry model are significantly complete. The average learning outcomes of pre-test (46.65) and post-test (77.51).
Development of Interactive Video Media in the Thematic Learning of Class IV SD Negeri 56 Lubuklinggau
Authors: Anggara Bayu , Harmoko Harmoko , Kusnanto R. Angga Bagus
Published: December 2022

This study aims to develop interactive video media in valid and practical thematic lessons of various styles of material. This study uses a 4-D development model. The instruments used to measure the quality of the interactive video media developed include validation sheets, practicality questionnaires. The product of this research is in the form of interactive video media on thematic subject matter of various styles in grade IV. So the results of this study indicate that: First, the validity of the interactive video game media can be seen from the aspect of validity so that it is included in the valid category with an average score of 3.30; Second, the practicality of interactive video game media can be seen from the practical aspect so that it is included in the very practical category with an average score of 82.00.
Analysis of the use of video media on the learning interest of BI Class Students in Elementary School Teacher Education at the Universitas Terbuka
Authors: Anggraini Cicilia Clara Devi
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the use of video media on the learning interest of elementary school teacher education students. The population used in this study were all students of the BI Service Center class at the Universitas Terbuka Purwodadi-Grobogan Campus 1 Pancasila Vocational School for the 2022.2 academic year. Meanwhile, the sample in this study were some students of the BI Service Center class at the Universitas Terbuka Purwodadi-Grobogan Campus 1 Pancasila Vocational School for the 2022.2 academic year. Data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, documentation, and literature study. The data analysis techniques used in this study are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant increase in student learning interest when learning activities use video media. This research can be used as input material in developing innovative learning media according to student characteristics.
The Influence of Using Module with Computational Thinking Unplugged Approaches and Module with Scientific Approaches Based on Student's Critical Thinking Ability Towards Cognitive Ability the Subject of Temperature and Heat Transfer
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Zahroh Shofi Hikmatuz , Ekawati Elvin Yusliana
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this research was to determine (1) the difference effect between the use of module with an unplugged computational thinking approach and module with a scientific approach to students' cognitive abilities on the subject of temperature and heat transfer, (2) the differences effect of students' critical thinking abilities in the high and low category on students' cognitive abilities on the subject of temperature and heat transfer, (3) the interaction between the effect of using module with a computational thinking unplugged approach and module with a scientific approach and students' critical thinking skills on students' cognitive abilities on the subject of temperature and heat transfer. This research used a quasi-experimental method with a 2x2 factorial design. The population in this research were all students of the first semester of physics education at Universitas Sebelas Maret. Data collection techniques used are tests and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with different cell contents. The results of the study show that: (1) there is a difference in the effect between the use of module with a computational thinking unplugged approach and module with a scientific approach to students' cognitive abilities on the subject of temperature and heat transfer ( 2) there is a difference in the effect of students' critical thinking skills in the high and low categories on students' cognitive abilities on the subject of temperature and heat transfer, and (3) there is no interaction between the effect of using module with a computational approach thinking unplugged and module with a scientific approach and students' critical thinking skills on students' cognitive abilities on the subject of temperature and heat transfer.
Comparación del espacio de la vía aérea faríngea en radiografías laterales de cabeza de individuos de clase I y II esquelética
Authors: Razo Huillca Santiago
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Comparar el espacio de la vía aérea faríngea (nasofaringe y orofaringe) a través del análisis de radiografías laterales en individuos de clase II esquelética comparado con un grupo control de clase I. Materiales y método: Este estudio fue de tipo observacional, descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo. Su muestra estuvo conformada por 60 radiografías laterales de cabeza distribuidas en 30 radiografías clase I (ANB 2° ± 2° y con maloclusión de clase I) y 30 radiografías clase II esquelética (ANB > 5° y con maloclusión de clase II-1). En ellas se midió el espacio en mm de las vías aéreas de la orofaringe y nasofaringe a través del método de McNamara en radiografías laterales de cabeza. Resultados: El promedio de la orofaringe en clase I fue de 11,71 mm ± 3,18 mm. En el grupo de clase II fue de 10,73 mm ± 2,36 mm. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (p = 0,18). El promedio de la nasofaringe en clase I fue de 18,45 mm± 4,11 mm. En clase II fue de 19,10 mm ± 3,89 mm, tampoco se encontraron diferencias significativas (p = 0.53). Conclusión: El espacio en mm de la nasofaringe presenta valores similares en milímetros en sujetos con maloclusión de clase I y clase II. No existe diferencia en el espacio en mm de la orofaringe entre sujetos con maloclusión esquelética de clase I y clase II.
Efecto del síndrome de cabeza adelantada en el desarrollo de trastornos temporomandibulares
Authors: Tomàs Aliberas Jordi , Castillo Carolina , Villarroel Gabriela , Giner Álvaro , Felipe Natalia
Published: December 2022

Los malos hábitos, como la mala postura durante el uso de dispositivos tecnológicos, el mal control abdominal y el patrón de respiración oral, pueden conducir a una posición de la cabeza adelantada, lo que tiene implicaciones importantes en todo el devenir del individuo, especialmente a nivel de sistema estomatognático. Existe una fuerte asociación entre los trastornos temporomandibulares y el síndrome de cabeza adelantada (SCA). En estos casos, el componente muscular es el principal afectado, con la aparición de más puntos gatillo a nivel de los músculos esternocleidomastoideo, trapecio superior, rectus capitis posterior y obliquus capitis superior. Se han observado cambios degenerativos en la articulación temporomandibular (ATM), pero aún falta evidencia para asegurar que el síndrome de cabeza adelantada sea el factor etiológico.
Seismotectonics of the Gulf of Gökova, southwest Anatolia, using double-difference seismic tomography, earthquake relocation, and moment tensor solutions: the 20 July 2017 Mw6.5 Bodrum-Kos Earthquake
Authors: Özdemirli-Esat Tuğba , Doğanay-Özkan Melike , Esat Korhan
Published: December 2022

The 20 July 2017 Mw6.5 Bodrum-Kos main shock that occurred in the Gulf of Gökova is one of the largest earthquakes in the north-south extensional Aegean region. In this study, we generated the first three-dimensional local earthquake tomography for the Gökova region using the double-difference tomography algorithm to provide a contribution to discussions on the source fault of the main shock. The 2500 earthquake records of the magnitude ≥ 2.3 between 01 January 2017 and 31 December 2017 were chosen from the 19 strong-motion accelerometer and 11 weak-motion seismometer stations. The P- and S-wave velocity models and Vp/Vs ratio model of the study area were created, and 1442 earthquakes were relocated. With the help of seismic tomographic imaging, we concluded that the main shock occurred on the south-dipping Gökova Fault Zone, not on the so-called north-dipping fault plane suggested in some studies. We also determined that some earthquakes that occurred in 2017 were associated with a north-dipping normal fault observed up to 10 km depth immediately north of the Gökova Fault Zone. Additionally, the Datça-Kale Main Breakaway Fault, which separates the sedimentary cover and the basement rocks, was also determined in the tomographic profiles. The kinematic analysis of moment tensor solutions of the earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 4, twenty-one of which were generated in this study, is consistent with the north-south extensional tectonic regime in the Aegean region.
Xylopia Aethiopica Suppresses Markers of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Cell Death in the Brain of Wistar Rats Exposed to Glyphosate
Authors: Adewale Omowumi Oyeronke , Adebisi Oluwaseun Abraham , Ojurongbe Taiwo A. , Adekomi Damilare Adedayo , Babatunde Isaac Olawale , Adebayo Emmanuel O.
Published: December 2022

Background: The herbicide “Roundup” is used extensively in agriculture to control weeds. However, by translocation, it can be deposited in plants, their proceeds, and in the soil, thus provoking organ toxicities in exposed individuals. Neurotoxicity among others is one of the side effects of roundup which has led to an increasing global concern about the contamination of food by herbicides. Xylopia aethiopicais known to have medicinal properties due to its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, it is hypothesized to neutralize roundup-induced neurotoxicity.
Methods: Thirty-six (36) Wistar rats were used for this study. The animals were shared equally into six groups with six rats each. Glyphosate administration to three of the six groups was done orally and for one week. Either Xylopia aethiopicaor vitamin C was co-administered to two of the three groups and also administered to two other groups and the final group served as the control.
Results: Our studies demonstrated that glyphosate administration led to a significant decrease in antioxidants such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase. We also observed a significant increase in inflammatory markers such as tumour necrosis factor- α, interleukin 6, C-reactive protein and immunohistochemical expression of caspase-3, cox-2 and p53 proteins (p < 0.05). However, Xylopia aethiopica co-administration with glyphosate was able to ameliorate the aforementioned changes when compared to the control (p < 0.05). Degenerative changes were also observed in the cerebellum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex upon glyphosate administration. These changes were not observed in the groups treated with Xylopia aethiopica and vitamin C.
Conclusion: Taken together, Xylopia aethiopica could possess anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties that could be used in combating glyphosate neurotoxicity.
High LRRC1 expression indicates poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Cai Qingshan , Wu Dongyang , Shen Yueling , Li Shudong Li , Liu Liyou , Liu Dong , Li Yong , Chen Xiaonan , Wang Limin , Zheng Jianxing
Published: December 2022

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the prognostic value of the leucine rich repeat containing 1 (LRRC1) gene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to determine the effects of high and low LRRC1 expression on mutation and immune cell infiltration.
Methods: We downloaded HCC mRNA-seq expression and clinical data from UCSC Xena. The expression of LRRC1 was compared between HCC tumor and normal samples. Tumor samples were divided according to high and low LRRC1 expression. Differentially expressed genes between the two groups were identified, and function, mutation, and immune cell infiltration were analyzed. Genes associated with immune cells were identified using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and transcription factors (TFs) of these genes were predicted.
Results: The expression of LRRC1was upregulated in HCC tissues, and this indicated a poor prognosis for patients with HCC. Differentially expressed genes between tumors with high and low LRRC1 expression were significantly enriched in pathways associated with cancer, amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and the immune system. We identified 15 differentially infiltrated immune cells between tumors with high and low LRRC1 expression and 14 of them correlated with LRRC1gene expression. We also identified 83 genes that were associated with immune cells. Cyclic AMP-response element binding protein (CREB1) regulated ANXA5, MMP9, and LRRC1in the TF regulatory network.
Conclusion: The LRRC1 gene might serve as a potential immune-associated prognostic biomarker for HCC.
Decadal Indian Ocean influence on the ENSO-Indian monsoon teleconnection mostly apparent
Authors: Bódai Tamás , Aneesh Sundaresan , Lee June-Yi , Lee Sun-Seon
Published: December 2022

“Decadal influence” on the El Nin ̃o–Southern Oscillation-Indian summer monsoon (ENSO-ISM) teleconnection has been much studied but with plurality and ambiguity about the concept of influence. Here (I) we provide formal definitions of the apparent influence of a specific factor on the teleconnec- tion, as correlation coefficients, which enable us to test them as null-hypotheses. Using the recently released Community Earth System Model v2 Large Ensemble data, we show that a 50% chance for the detection of the apparent Indian Ocean influence under stationary conditions might take 2000 years of data. However, (II) we find that this influence is mostly apparent, causally not dominant, indeed, as it originates more dominantly from fluctuations of the decadal apparent moving window – as opposed to stationary climatological – ENSO variability, which causally influences an Indian Ocean Dipole-like apparent mean state. (III) We also show that unattributed so-called “decadal influence”, defined as a deviation from a linear regression model of the teleconnection as a null-hypothesis, cannot be detected in 20th c. observations in South Asia even regionally. However, as a new insight, we find our new simple influence concept as a significant correlation coefficient to be possibly consistent with such a null-hypothesis.
Developing Persuasive Systems for Marketing: The interplay of persuasion techniques, customer traits and persuasive message design.
Authors: Braca Annye , Dondio Pierpaolo
Published: December 2022

Persuasion is integral to areas including marketing, social psychology, health communications and political campaigning. This paper presents an accessible compendium of some of the main aspects of psychological influence including a synthesis of the main concepts of persuasion, a condensed taxonomy of persuasion techniques and examples which can serve as a reference tool for designing persuasive messages. Additionally, we provide relevant explanations of the elements of persuasion e.g., important personality and belief system-based variables which can be used in powerful predictive models such as machine learning approaches. We believe this paper can be a valuable resource to support researchers and practitioners in expediting and enhancing the process of data collection, selecting persuasion techniques, and developing models of persuasive marketing communication.
Snare and rubber band combined assisted traction：a novel method for endoscopic submucosal dissection in treating early gastric cancer
Authors: Bai Bing , Li Zhen , Mao Chongshan , Kuang Shengli , Zhou Bingxi
Published: December 2022

Background:Endoscopic submucosal dissection（ESD）has the advantages of high complete resection rate, less trauma and higher safety than open surgery. However, ESD has high technical requirements and is difficult to operate, especially when submucosal dissection fails to fully expose the submucosa. To create a good operational field of vision and achieve accurate cutting, a variety of endoscopic assisted traction methods have emerged. Our study team has invented a new traction method, that is, snare combined with rubber band assisted ESD in the treatment of early gastric cancer.
Methods: Retrospective study was performed in 41 patients diagnosed as having early gastric cancer and received ESD assisted by snare and rubber band method from January 2020 to June 2022.The en bloc excision rate, procedure time, complication rate were analyzed.
Results:All lesions received en bloc resection. The lesion size ranged 2~6cm.The median procedure time was 29min (ranging 23~44min). There was no bleeding or perforation occurred during and after the procedure.
Conclusion:Snare-rubber band assisted traction method can provide good vision during the ESD procedure for early gastric cancer, and increase resection efficiency, reduce the operation time and complication rate.
Natural regeneration of drylands and associated pathways to human health outcomes: perspectives from rural households
Authors: Murage Peninah , Asenga Ayoub , Tarimo Angelina , Njunge Tabby , Zaan Thijs van der zaan van der , Chiwanga Faraja
Published: December 2022

Land degradation and climate change are intertwined global challenges, their implications on human health is driven by unsustainable use of natural resources which results to loss of vital ecosystem services. Although exploitation of natural resources has benefited human-wellbeing, this has also resulted to catastrophic degradation of landscapes, acutely affecting populations living in the most fragile ecosystems. Landscape restoration is widely advocated to reverse degradation, however, implementation has outpaced research on impact, particularly with regards to human-health outcomes. This study documents perspectives of rural communities living in East African drylands and applies ecosystem services framework to demonstrates the impact of natural regeneration. The group discussions show how Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) can reverse decades of land degradation with cascading benefits in climate change adaptation, physical and mental health outcomes linked to sustained food and nutritional security, improved air and water quality, income diversification and gender equality.
Analysing cluster randomised controlled trials using MLE, GEE, GEE2 and QIF: results from four case studies
Authors: Offorha Bright C. , Walters Stephen J. , Jacques Richard M.
Published: December 2022

Background: Using four case studies, we aim to provide practical guidance and recommendations for the analysis of cluster randomised controlled trials.
Methods: Four modelling approaches (Generalized Linear Mixed Models with parameters/coefficients estimated by Maximum likelihood; Generalized Linear Models with parameters/coefficients estimated by Generalized Estimating Equations (1st order or second order) or Quadratic Inference Function) for the analysis of correlated individual participant level outcomes in cluster randomised controlled trials were identified after we reviewed the literature. These four methods are applied to four case studies of cluster randomised controlled trials with the number of clusters ranging from 10 to 100 and individual participants ranging from 748 to 9,207. Results are obtained for both continuous and binary outcomes using the statistical packages, R and SAS.
Results: The intracluster correlation coefficient (ICC) for each of the case studies was small (<0.05) indicating little dependence of the outcomes related to cluster allocation. In most cases the four methods produced similar results. However, in a few analyses quadratic inference function produced different results compared to the other three methods.
Conclusion: This paper demonstrates the analysis of cluster randomised controlled trials with four modelling approaches. The results obtained were similar in most cases, a plausible reason could be the negligible correlation (small ICCs) observed among responses in the four case studies.
Due to the small ICC values obtained the generalisability of our results is limited. It is important to conduct simulation studies to comprehensively investigate the performance of the four modelling approaches.
Synthesis, structural properties and nonlinear optical response of some aromatic thioamides in bulk vs. laser-processed films
Authors: MARINESCU Maria , BERCEA Adrian , IONITA Iulian , CINTEZĂ Ludmila-Otilia , ZARAFU Irina , PETCU Cristian , MATEI Andreea , Constantinescu Catalin
Published: December 2022

Currently, the effects of nonlinear optics are important in almost all optoelectronic applications. Here, we present results on new, laboratory synthesized aromatic thioamides. Thin films with controlled thickness are subsequently deposited by matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE), on fused silica / SiO2, and silicon substrates / Si (100), with the aim of evaluating their nonlinear optical properties for potential optoelectronic applications. The concentration of the guest compound in the DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) matrix used was 1% wt. At fluences ranging from 0.1 to 1 J/cm², a Nd:YAG laser (7 ns pulse duration, 4ω/266 nm, 10 Hz repetition rate) was used to irradiate the frozen target. The techniques involved in probing the morphology of the film surfaces are optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Spectroscopy-ellipsometry (SE) was used to investigate the optical properties of the thin films, and also the dependence of the refractive index with respect temperature was studied. The second harmonic generation (SHG) potential is assessed by using a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser (800 nm, 60–100 fs pulse duration, 80 MHz), at 250 mW maximum output power, revealing the thickness of the films strongly influences the intensity of the SHG signal. An understanding of these effects combines the classical theory of light with the quantum nature of the energy levels in materials.
The Importance of Psychosociological Variables in Frailty Syndrome: A Study on Heart Failure Patients Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Pasieczna Aleksandra , Szczepanowski Remigiusz , Sobecki Janusz , Katarzyniak Radosław , Uchmanowicz Izabella , Gobbens Robbert J.J. , Kahsin Aleksander , Dixit Anant
Published: December 2022

Prevention and diagnosis of frailty syndrome (FS) in cardiac patients require innovative systems supporting medical personnel and patient adherence and self-care behavior. Modern medicine uses artificial intelligence (AI) to study the psychosocial domains of frailty in cardiac patients with heart failure (HF). This study aimed to determine the absolute and relative diagnostic importance of individual components of the Tilburg frailty Indicator (TFI) syndrome questionnaire in patients with HF. An exploratory analysis was performed using machine learning algorithms and permutation method to determine the absolute importance of frailty components in HF. Based on the TFI data, which contains physical and psychosocial components, machine learning models were built based on three algorithms: a decision tree, a random decision forest, and the AdaBoost Models classifier. The absolute weights were used to make pairwise comparisons between the variables and obtain relative diagnostic importance. The analysis of HF patients’ responses showed that the psychological variable TFI20 diagnosing mood was more diagnostically important than the variables from the physical domain: lack of strength in the hands and physical fatigue. The psychological variable TFI21 linked with agitation and irritability was diagnostically more important than all three physical variables considered: difficulty walking, lack of strength in the hands and physical fatigue. In the case of the two remaining variables from the psychological domain (TFI19, TFI22), and for all variables from the social domain, the obtained results do not allow for the rejection of the null hypothesis. Our study justified the AI based approach for developing and improving existing frailty measurements in patients with HF. In long-term perspective, the AI based frailty approach can support healthcare professionals, including psychologists and social workers in drawing their attention to non-physical origins of HF.
Genome-environment associations along elevation gradients in two snowbed species of the North-Eastern Calcareous Alps
Authors: Felkel Sabine , Tremetsberger Karin , Moser Dietmar , Dohm Juliane C , Himmelbauer Heinz , Winkler Manuela
Published: December 2022

Background Anthropogenic climate change leads to increasing temperatures and altered precipitation and snowmelt patterns, especially in alpine ecosystems. To understand species’ responses to climate change, assessment of genetic structure and diversity is crucial as the basis for the evaluation of migration patterns, genetic adaptation potential as well as the identification of adaptive alleles.
Results We studied genetic structure, diversity and genome-environment associations of two snowbed species endemic to the Eastern Alps with a large elevational range, Achillea clusiana Tausch and Campanula pulla L. Genotyping-by-sequencing was employed to assemble loci de novo , call variants and perform population genetic analyses. Populations of either species were distinguishable by mountain, and to some extent by elevation. We found evidence for gene flow between elevations. Results of genome-environment associations suggested similar selective pressures acting on both species, emanating mainly from precipitation and exposition rather than temperature.
Conclusions Given their genetic structure and amount of gene flow among populations the two study species are suitable to serve as a model for genetic monitoring of climate change adaptation along an elevation gradient. Consequences of climate change will predominantly manifest via changes in precipitation and, thus, duration of snow cover in the snowbeds and indirectly via shrub encroachment accompanied by increasing shading of snowbeds at lower range margins. Assembling genomes of the study species and studying larger sample sizes and time series will be necessary to functionally characterize and validate the herein identified genomic loci putatively involved in adaptive processes.