bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Summary of Research Progress on Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar
Metals
Authors: Zhang Tingliang , Gao Huaqiang , Xie Baocheng
Published: March 2022

Background:

Friction stir welding technology is widely applied in the welding of dissimilar
metal materials because of its high welding efficiency, low welding process cost, high welding
joint strength and reliability, and green environmental protection. The research on the processing
methods and working principle of friction stir welding of dissimilar metals is beneficial to improve
the mechanical properties of the joint and reduce weld defects. Therefore, the development of reliable
friction stir welding technologies for dissimilar metals joining has been paid increasing attention
in recent years.

Objective:

The study aims to satisfy the processing of various dissimilar metals and improve the
joint performance and weld defects. Friction stir welding has developed into bobbin tool friction stir
welding and stationary shoulder friction stir welding.

Methods:

This paper retraces various current representative patents relative to friction stir welding,
bobbin tool friction stir welding, and stationary shoulder friction stir welding.

Results:

Through the investigation of a large number of patents on friction stir welding, the main
current existing problems, such as poor mechanical properties of the joints and defects in the welds,
are summarized and analyzed. In addition, the development trend of friction stir welding in dissimilar
metal welding is also discussed.

Conclusion:

The research on friction stir welding methods and devices is beneficial to improve the
mechanical properties of welded joints and reduce weld defects. More correlative patents will be
invented in the future.
The Application of the Box-Behnken Design Response Surface Methodology
to Study Optimized Formulation Variables on the Drug Release Pattern
of Benidipine Hydrochloride Extended-release Matrix Tablet
Authors: Prusty Amaresh , Gupta Bijon K. , Mishra Amiyakanta
Published: March 2022

Background:

In this research study, an attempt has been made using Box-Behnken de-sign (BBD) Response Surface Methodology to find optimized formulation variables at 3 levels (low, medium, and high) to affect the dependent response, which is the % drug release pattern at different time intervals in extending drug release of Benidipine Hydrochloride(BH) matrix tablets. BH extended-release tablets reduce the side effects of multiple dosing used during conventional tab-lets.

Methods:

As in the preliminary work, we have found the most profound formulation factors for ex-tending drug release of BH matrix tablets are Eudragit RS 100 amount (X1), HPMC K 100 M (X2), chitosan amount (X3), which we selected as independent factors at their low and high levels for this study considering % drug release at three different time intervals i.e., R1 (% of drug release in 2 hours), R2 (% of drug release in 15 hours) and R3 (% of drug release in 18 hours) as dependent variables using a dissolution media of phosphate buffer pH of 6.8 with 75rpm.

Results:

From the experimental runs of prepared tablets as predicted by the Design-Expert software, the model shows a quadratic equation due to less p-value, and a very less difference was observed between adjusted R2 and predicted values R2 in all selected responses, which we considered as the % drug release.

Conclusion:

Therefore, by using the graphical response surface plot of BBD software, the opti-mized formulation of BH extended-release tablet of Eudragit RS 100, HPMC K 100 M, and Chi-tosan containing an amount of 45mg, 105 mg, and 45.71 mg, respectively shows an extended drug release of more than 18 hours. To construct a satisfying fit of the model for the optimized formula-tion, a result analysis was carried out for the internally studentized residuals versus the experimental runs indicating all data points were placed within limits, and the values of the predicted and actual response of each run were normally distributed near a straight line.
Video Game to Attenuate Pandemic-Related Stress From an Equity Lens: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Minian Nadia , Saiva Anika , Gayapersad Allison , Dragonetti Rosa , Proulx Catherine , Debergue Patricia , Lecce Julia , Hussain Sarwar , Desjardins Eric , Selby Peter
Published: March 2022

Background

The emergence of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has introduced additional pressures on an already fragile mental health care system due to a significant rise in depression, anxiety, and stress among Canadians. Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is known to be an efficacious treatment to reduce such mental health issues, few people have access to CBT in an engaging and sustainable manner. To address this gap, a collaboration between the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) and the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) developed CBT-based self-led, online, clinician-tested modules in the form of a video game, named Legend of Evelys, and evaluated its usability in the attenuation of a COVID-19–related increase in stress.

Objective

We here present the conceptualization and design of new self-care modules in the form of a video game, its implementation in a technological infrastructure, and inclusivity and privacy considerations that informed the development. A usability study of the modules was performed to assess the video game’s usability, user engagement, and user perceptions.

Methods

The development of the video game involved establishment of a technology infrastructure for secure implementation of the software for the modules and a clinician-led assessment of the clinical utility of these modules through two “whiteboard” sessions. The usability study was informed by a mixed methods sequential explanatory design to evaluate the intervention of the mobile app through two distinct phases: quantitative data collection using in-app analytics data and two surveys, followed by qualitative data collection by semistructured interviews.

Results

A total of 32 participants trialed the app for 2 weeks. They used the video game an average of six times and rated the game as “good” based on the Systems Usability Scale score. In terms of stress reduction, the study demonstrated a significant difference in the participants’ Perceived Stress Scale score at baseline (mean 22.14, SD 6.187) compared with that at the 2-week follow-up (mean 18.04, SD 6.083; t27=3.628, P=.001). Qualitative interviews helped participants identify numerous functionality issues and provided specific recommendations, most of which were successfully integrated into the video game for future release.

Conclusions

Through this collaboration, we have established that it is possible to incorporate CBT exercises into a video game and have these exercises adopted to address stress. While video games are a promising strategy to help people with their stress and anxiety, there is a further need to examine the real-world effectiveness of the Legend of Evelys in reducing anxiety.
O sistema de proteção à infância portuguesa (séc. XX): dos normativos jurídicos e pressupostos científicos aos dispositivos de intervenção
Authors: Martins Ernesto Candeias
Published: March 2022

É um estudo histórico-descritivo, em História Social da Educação, que analisa os discursos jurídicos sobre a proteção da infância portuguesa, os pressupostos científicos e as medidas de intervenção. A nossa metodologia hermenêutica aborda os dispositivos criados para a proteção/prevenção, a (re)educação e regeneração da infância, durante o séc. XX, tendo como ponto de partida a Lei de Proteção à Infância de 1911.Os objetivos do estudo diluem-se nos dois pontos de análise, a qual incide nos normativos do direito de menores (estrutura) e nos discursos científicos que sustentaram o aparecimento das medidas protetoras e reeducativas, assim como sobre as aceções e evolução conceptual da proteção da infância em Portugal.
THE CYTOTOXICITY ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ACANTHUS ILICIFOLIUS L LEAVES USING BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT) METHOD
Authors: Sari Dyah Ratna Ayu Puspita , Ugrasena Putu Yudha , Ekayani Ni Wayan Ria
Published: March 2022

Aim and objective: Acanthus ilicifolius also known as jeruju is a plant that has a lot of bioactivity that can be used as a potential medicinal plant development. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxicity activity of ethanol extract of A. ilicifolius leaves.
Methods: This study used Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method using Artemia salina larvae with test solution series concentration of 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000 ppm and control without extract. A. salina was added to each test tube. After 24 hours, the larvae mortality was observed. LC50 assessment was analyzedwith probit analysisby  Microsoft excel.
Result: The largest mortality percentage was shown at a concentration of 1000 ppm ethanol extract of A. ilicifolius leaves with an average mortality value of 80%, while the concentrations of 10 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, and 500 ppm had an average mortality value of 20%, 40%, 57% and 63%.The ethanol extract of A. ilicifolius leaves categorized as toxic with a LC50 value of 103,6 ppm.
Conclusion: It was concluded that ethanol extract of A. ilicifolius leaves has cytotoxicity activity potential.
                         
Peer Review History:
Received: 11 January 2022; Revised: 12 February; Accepted: 3 March, Available online: 15 March 2022
Academic Editor: Dr. Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Kandeel, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622,  Giza, Egypt, gehankandeel9@yahoo.com 
UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. 
Received file:                Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Ahmad Najib, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia, ahmad.najib@umi.ac.id
Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, amaka_mgbahurike@yahoo.com
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Classification of Alzheimer Disease with Molecular Communication Systems using LSTM
Authors: IŞIK İbrahim
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LÉSBICAS E A INTERDIÇÃO DISCURSIVA: UMA ANÁLISE DO SILÊNCIO JAPONÊS ACERCA DA SEXUALIDADE
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Published: March 2022

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COVID-19 dan Dampak yang Ditimbulkan pada Kehamilan
Authors: Bangsawan Cahaya Carla
Published: March 2022

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Design of the groundwater level monitoring network using principal component analysis (PCA) technique.
Authors:   Irrigation and Drainage Department, Faculty of Water and  Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran, Sayadi Shahraki Atefeh , Broomandnasab Saeed ,   Irrigation and Drainage Department, Faculty of Water and  Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran, Ali Naseri Abd ,   Irrigation and Drainage Department, Faculty of Water and  Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran, Soltani Mohammadi Amir ,   Irrigation and Drainage Department, Faculty of Water and  Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
Published: March 2022

Using an appropriate monitoring network is considered as an efficient option to manage the groundwater resources and reduce drilling of costly sampling wells. Principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the data reduction techniques used to extract essential components. The used techniques are based on the identification of those describing the variance of the system. In this paper, the PCA technique has been employed in order to identify the effective wells and remove the less important ones. For this purpose, 160 wells were constructed in the Salman Farsi Agro-Industry, located in Khuzestan province of Iran. The data are measured twice a month for 12 months. In this technique, variation factors called principal components are identified through considering the data structures. Using the PCA, the relative importance of each well has been calculated for the groundwater depth estimation. In the present study, the acceptable threshold has been taken to be 0.8 and therefore the number of wells in determining groundwater depth was reduced to 33 ones. Identifying the essential wells, the important points for sampling are identified and groundwater depth monitoring is performed only in these wells. This will save time and cost of groundwater level monitoring within the study area.
Hydroseeding for Restoring Degraded Semi-Arid Mediterranean Environments: A Review of Challenges.
Authors:   Avignon University, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, IUT site Agroparc, 337 Chemin des Meinajariés BP 61207, F-84911 Avignon cedex 09, France, Shaiban Houssam , Khater Carla ,   Center for Remote Sensing- National Council for Scientific Research Lebanon. Bir Hassan- BP 11-8281 Riad El Solh, Beirut-Lebanon., Fenianos Johnny ,   Center for Remote Sensing- National Council for Scientific Research Lebanon. Bir Hassan- BP 11-8281 Riad El Solh, Beirut-Lebanon; University Paul Valéry, Laboratoire Epsylon, Montpellier, 34199- France., Dutoit Thierry ,   Avignon University, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, IUT site Agroparc, 337 Chemin des Meinajariés BP 61207, F-84911 Avignon cedex 09, France.
Published: March 2022

Hydroseeding is a restoration technique commonly used in varied restoration projects. This literature review, encompassing about 100 published research papers from 1990 to 2020, revealed numerous limitations in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment. Challenges facing hydroseeding as a restoration tool in semi-arid Mediterranean environments were evaluated by analyzing different factors affecting ecological and technical levels. This issue was approached by sorting variables under either biotic or abiotic factors, further sub-dividing them under either natural-environmental or humaninfluenced factors. The review highlighted several constraints when applying hydroseeding techniques in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment: Slope steepness, slope aspect, high water runoff, low presence of water, mixing solutions used, and high cost for applying this technique are some of those constraints facing its success. Other shortcomings are related to the low success rate of commercial seed mixtures under harsh conditions, and their tendency to compete with native species. Moreover, the review provided recommendations to increase hydroseeding success by using varied techniques such as topsoil spreading, using native seeds, Mycorrhizal, or Rhizobium inoculation, and the use of nurse plants. Furthermore, environmental psychology approach was suggested as means to convey a better message and increase acceptability towards improved innovative suggestions.
Ecological risks from trace elements in Quaternary agricultural soils of Lebanon- East Mediterranean.
Authors:   National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon, Mohamad Darwish Talal , Hamze Mouin ,   National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon, Nsouli Bilal ,   National Commission for Atomic Energy, CNRS. Beirut, Lebanon
Published: March 2022

Soil contamination by trace elements (TE) causes health and environmental risks. This work focused on arable lands of Central Bekaa of Lebanon, East Mediterranean. The spatial distribution of TEs in the cultivated soils was mapped. Results showed accumulation of Cr and Ni, in the soil-plant interface layer, exceeding the multifunctional land use (soil threshold I <50 and <40 mg kg-1 , respectively) and controlled land use (soil threshold II-100 mg kg-1 ). The index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) showed no hazards from Zn with moderate to strong contamination from Pb and moderate hazard from Ni, Cu, Cd and Cr. A cross sectional soil sampling from the Litani river to the eastern hill of Terbol showed accumulation of TEs at foot slopes and at river’s banks. Human activities within the plain contribute to further soil contamination with risk of pollutants transfer to food chain. Additional sampling of plant and corresponding soil in hot spots showed TE content in the plant leaves to be mostly within or slightly above the permissible values in wheat and potato. Considering the soil quality regarding chemical pollution is a necessary factor in land use planning for the elaboration of adapted to local soil conditions thresholds of TEs content in the soil for suitable land use, either in agriculture or alternative uses.
Mathematical Modeling of Ecological Systems Algorithm.
Authors:   Lebanese International University, Lebanon, Merheb Abdel-Razzak , Noura Hassan ,   Laboratoire d’Informatique et Système, Aix Marseille University, France, Bateman François ,   Centre de Recherche de l'École de l'Air, France
Published: March 2022

In this paper, the mathematical modeling of a new bio-inspired evolutionary search algorithm called Ecological Systems Algorithm (ESA) is presented. ESA imitates ecological rules to find iteratively the optimum of a given function through interaction between predator and prey search species. ESA is then compared to the well-known Genetic Algorithm which is a powerful bio-inspired stochastic search/optimization algorithm used for decades. Simulation results of the two algorithms optimizing ten different benchmark functions are used to investigate and compare both algorithms based on their speed, performance, reliability, and efficiency.
Thermal Degradation of Glycidyl Esters in Mono- and Mono-Di-Glyceride
Authors: Sparsø Flemming , From Thomas , Schmidt Thomas , Keskin Anna , Bagger-Jørgensen Rico , Miller Rasmus
Published: March 2022

Thermal treatment can be used to reduce content of glycidyl fatty acid
esters (GE) in distilled monoglycerides and mono-di-glyceride products.
The potential reduction of GE is temperature dependent, and low
temperature (e.g. 80°C) can reduce GE to a lower level than higher
temperatures. Reaching a level close to equilibrium can take weeks (at
e.g. 80°), while it can be reached in hours at e.g. 150°C. The thermal
treatment has, however, also negative impact on other quality
parameters. The content of monoglyceride in both distilled monoglyceride
and in mono-di-glycerides is also reduced during the thermal treatment.
More at higher than at lower temperatures. These conclusions are built
on 47 lab and pilot experiments using different mono- and
mono-di-glycerides compositions (both in terms of glycerides and fatty
acids), temperatures between 80°C and 200°C and starting levels of GE. A
mathematical model was developed to analyse the experimental data.
Case series of complex therapy of hemoblastosis in the context of COVID-19.
Authors: Kemaykin Vadim , Vildanova Ruzal , Karabekov Azat , Saparbay Jamilya , Byrkitbayev Zhandos
Published: March 2022

The novel COVID-19 spread around the world.Patients with malignant
neoplasms are more susceptible to infection.Here we presents clinical
cases of complex therapy of patients with with hemoblastosis and
concomitant COVID-19 infection
Rapid functional shifts in natural boreal forests over the last 65 years
Authors: Hisano Masumi , Chen Han , Chen Xinli , Ryo Masahiro
Published: March 2022

Forest composition is critical for its functioning. While global
environmental changes have modified forest composition, it remains
unclear how temporal shifts in functional composition differ across
regions and biomes. Using extensive spatial and long-term forest
inventory data (17,107 plots monitored 1951–2016) across Canada, we
found that functional composition shifted toward fast-growing deciduous
broadleaved trees and higher drought tolerance over time; notably, this
functional shift was more rapid in colder regions (boreal biome).
Further, the functional composition of colder plots shifted toward
drought tolerance more rapidly with rising CO2 than warmer plots
(temperate biome), suggesting the vulnerability of boreal forests
against global environmental changes. Future ecosystem management
practices should consider spatial differences in functional responses to
global environmental change, with attention to boreal forests
experiencing higher rates of warming and compositional changes.
The effects of altered PK/PD parameters on efficacy and toxicity of therapeutic drugs in critically ill patients with COVID-19
Authors: Tang Mimi , Liu Ting , Chen Xiaoping
Published: March 2022

Although many therapies have been proposed, there is no evidence of any
effective treatment for COVID-19 to date. Currently, the main therapies
being used to treat the critically patients with COVID-19 are antiviral
drugs, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine and respiratory therapy.
Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) play an important role
in different clinical situations, and are keys to balance the effect
(reduction of SARS-CoV-2 virus and symptom improvement) and toxicity
(adverse effects). Critically ill patients always have altered PK and PD
due to multiple factors such as hypoproteinemia, organ dysfunction, and
organ support treatment including continuous renal replacement therapy
(CRRT), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Here we provide
an overview of the effects of the clinical treatments for critically
COVID-19 patients and the pathological state of patients on
pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics parameters of therapeutic drugs in
detail. However, current evidence is insufficient to speculate the
changes of drug concentration of antimicrobials, therapeutic drug
monitoring (TDM) is a useful tool used in severe patients since many
suspected factors were exist to influence the clinical responses and
adverse drug reactions of drugs.
COVID-19 in children with cancer and continuation of cancer-directed therapy during the infection- A tertiary care center experience from India
Authors: PARAMBIL BADIRA CHERIYALINKAL , Moulik Nirmalya Roy , Dhamne Chetan , Dhariwal Nidhi , Narula Gaurav , Vora Tushar , Prasad Maya , Chichra Akanksha , Jatia Shalini , Chinnaswamy Girish , Banavali Sripad
Published: March 2022

1 Background and Objective Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) or its
complications in children with cancer were not increased as compared to
normal children in earlier reports. However, continuing intensive
treatment during ongoing COVID-19 infection has not been studied
systematically. We report a single tertiary center experience on
COVID-19 in children with cancer and continuation of cancer-directed
therapy in them. 2 Methods Children ≤15years on active cancer treatment
detected with COVID-19 until September 15th, 2020 were prospectively
followed-up. Patients were managed in accordance to well-laid
guidelines. Treatment was continued for children with COVID-19 infection
who were clinically stable and on intensive treatment for various
childhood cancers as far as practicable. 3 Results One hundred
twenty-two children (median age 8years; range 1-15years, male: female
1.7:1) with cancer were diagnosed with COVID-19. All-cause mortality
rate was 7.4%(n=9) and COVID-19 related mortality rate was 4.9%(n=6).
Of 118 children, 99 (83.9%), 60 (50.8%), 43 (36.4%), 26 (22.0%) and
6 (5.1%) had RT-PCR positivity at 14, 21, 28, 35 and 60 days from
diagnosis of COVID-19 respectively. Scheduled risk-directed intravenous
chemotherapy was delivered in 70 (90.9%) of 77 children on active
systemic treatment with a median delay of 14days (range, 0-48days) and
no increased toxicities. 4 Conclusions COVID-19 was not a major
deterrent for the continuation of active cancer treatment despite
persistent RT-PCR positivity. The long-term assessment of treatment
adaptations requires further prospective follow up and real time
addressal.
Clinical study on the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse by laparoscopic sacroopexy or vaginal sacrospinous ligament fixation
Authors: Xia Jingxian , yang jian , Wang Wenyan , Wei Bing , Fu Liutao , Zhang Lili , Song Enxue , Li Congqing
Published: March 2022

Objective To study the clinical efficiency of laparoscopic sacroopexy
and vaginal sacrospinous ligament fixation in the treatment of pelvic
organ prolapse. Design Retrospective analysis of clinical cases Setting
China Population or sample A total of 115 patients admitted to the
Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from April 2015
to October 2019. Methods According to different surgical methods, they
were divided into two groups. Statistical analysis was performed on the
general condition, intraoperative condition, postoperative follow-up
subjective recovery and postoperative complications of the enrolled
patients. Main outcome measures Clinical efficacy of two different
surgical methods in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. Results The
general information (age,pregnancy history, delivery history, the time
of menopause, BMI) and clinical POP-Q stage of the patients were
compared, and the results showed that there are no statistically
significant difference (P > 0.05). Compared with the LSC
group, SSLF group showed significant statistical differences in
operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative retention time
of urinary catheter, and total cost of hospitalization (P
<0.05). The difference of hemoglobin between the SSLF group
and the LSC group was statistically significant (P <0.001). In
postoperative follow-up, the subjective total cure rate of SSLF and LSC
was 95.89% and 86.11% respectively. There was no statistical
difference in the subjective cure rate between the two surgical methods
(x2 =3.390, P=0.066). Conclusion During the intraoperative and
postoperative follow-up, there were statistical differences in multiple
factors, indicating that there are differences between the two surgical
methods in clinical treatment.
Heat-induced oxidative damage is ameliorated by enhanced antioxidants activity in the tolerant wheat variety
Authors: Mohi-Ud-Din1 Mohammed , Siddiqui Md. Nurealam , Rahman Md. Motiar , Jagadish Krishna , Ahmed Jalal Uddin , Islam Tofazzal
Published: March 2022

Heat stress alters photosynthetic components and antioxidant scavenging
system, negatively affecting plant growth and development. Plants
overcome heat stress damage through an integrated network involving
enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The aim of the study was to
assess physiological and biochemical responses in contrasting
thermotolerant wheat varieties exposed to 25°C (control) and 35°C (heat
stress), during seedling stage. Our results revealed a substantial
decrease in the photosynthetic pigments, carotenoids, anthocyanin
content, and increased membrane injury index, malondialdehyde,
lipoxygenase, methylglyoxal and H2O2 contents compared to non-stress
wheat seedlings. Comparatively the heat tolerant variety BG26 maintained
a high level of stability compared to the heat susceptible variety
Pavon, perpetuated by higher accumulation of proline, glycine betaine,
ascorbate-glutathione cycle associated enzymes, reduced glutathione and
ascorbate contents. In addition, significantly lower MG detoxification
and activities of antioxidant system and ascorbate-glutathione cycle
related enzymatic activities lead to increased susceptibility in Pavon.
Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis revealed BG26
possessing a combination of biochemical responses that induced higher
level of tolerance. Taken together, our results provide a reference for
utilizing BG26 and Pavon as highly contrasting heat-responsive varieties
for comparative genomics and translational research to unravel
underlying mechanisms to better adapt wheat to heat stress.
The Effectiveness of Structured Education and Follow-Up in the Management of Perceived Milk Insufficiency Breastfeeding Mothers: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sağlık Müge , Karaçam Zekiye
Published: March 2022

Rationale, aims, and objectives: This study aims to determine the
effectiveness of structured education and follow-up in the management of
perceived milk insufficiency and increasing the baby’s amount of milk
intake among breastfeeding mothers. Methods: A randomized controlled
trial was carried over the period December 2018-June 2019 at Family
Health Centers in Turkey with 64 mothers (study group: 33 and control
group: 31). The study group were provided with education with structured
educational material and followed. Data were collected with a
Descriptive Information Form, a Breastfeeding Follow-up Form and the
IMDAT- Scoring System for Measuring a Baby’s Intake of Breast Milk.
Results: Mothers in the study group started breastfeeding their babies
in the first one hour after birth (study: 97.0%; control: 77.4%; χ² =
5.586, p = 0.018). It was observed at each monitoring that a
significantly greater percentage of the mothers in the study group
believed their milk to be sufficient (study: 84.8%, 90.9% and 78.8;
control: 38.8%, 38.8% and 38.8%, respectively) and that they fed
their babies exclusively with breast milk (study: 84.8%, 87.9% and
78.8; control: 32.3%, 38.7% and 35.5%, respectively) in the tree
follow-ups. The data obtained at all three tracking times showed that
that the baby’s amount of milk intake in the study group (%81.8; %78.8
and %60.6, respectively) were better than in the control group (%54.8;
%48.4 and %29.0, respectively); these differences were seen to be
statistically significant. These results were also confirmed by
regression analysis, in which education level, working status and having
experience in breastfeeding were considered as impact modifier
variables. Conclusion: This study concluded that the structured
education and follow-ups increased the feeding 0-2 month-old babies
exclusively breast milk and the amount of the baby’s milk intake, and
while perceptions of breast milk deficiency diminished
Consider COVID-19 when a child presents with severe croup in summer: a case report
Authors: Mirahmadi Alireza , Bineshfar Niloufar , Karbasian Fereshteh , Karimi Abdollah , Sadr Saeed
Published: March 2022

Coronavirus disease-2019 which is caused by Severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly around the world.
The most common symptoms of COVID-19 in children are fever, cough, and
fatigue. Herein, we discuss a case of COVID-19 with a history of
laryngomalacia who presented with croup.
Quantitative confocal microscopy for grouping of dose–response data: Deciphering calcium sequestration and subsequent cell death in presence of excess norepinephrine
Authors: Kuruba Manohar , Suman Gare , Chel Soumita , Dhyani Vaibhav , Giri Lopamudra
Published: March 2022

Live imaging based testing of ligands and identification of toxic dose
range during in vitro studies is a time-intensive process due to the
inherent heterogeneity present in cell responses. In this context, high
magnification imaging and large-scale data visualization remains
challenging for analysis of toxicity during the drug screening as well
as selection of dose-range. To address this challenge, we propose the
measurement of cytosolic calcium ion (Ca2+) using spinning disk confocal
microscopy at a higher resolution for generation of imaging data that
can be visualized using uniform manifold and projection (UMAP). First,
we performed large scale experiments and showed norepinephrine induced
increase in Ca2+ flux in HeLa cells for a large range of doses.
Secondly, the time-series dataset was mapped in 2D plane using UMAP. We
also show that the proposed framework can be used to depict the relative
distribution of various responses corresponding to a range of drug
doses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt for UMAP
visualization of time-series dose-response and identification of Ca2+
signature in the toxic dose-range. Such quantitative microscopy can be
used for prediction of toxic drug dose range, and identification of
drugs that lead to lytic cell death.
Valproic acid-induced liver injury: A case-control study from a prospective pharmacovigilance program in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Meseguer Enrique Seco , Elizalde Mikel Urroz , Borobia Alberto , Ramírez Elena
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug extensively
used for treating partial and generalised seizures, acute mania and as
prophylaxis for bipolar disorder. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI)
persists as a significant issue related to fatal outcomes by VPA. The
aim of this study was to increase our knowledge about this condition and
to better identify patients affected. Methods: We conducted an
observational retrospective case-control study that identified cases of
DILI by VPA from the Pharmacovigilance Programme from our Laboratory
Signals at La Paz University Hospital from January 2007 to December
2019. Two control groups were assigned, VPA-tolerant patients and the
other with patients who developed mild VPA-related hepatitis but who did
not meet the DILI criteria. Results: A total of 15 cases of DILI by VPA
were found, 3(20%) of them fatal. Mean age was 45.7 years, 4(26.7%)
were women and 5(33.34%) were children under 18 years. Polytherapy with
other antiepileptic drugs (p=0.047) and alcohol consumption
(p<0.001) were associated with a greater risk of developing
DILI by VPA. A diagnosis of epileptic seizure was more frequently
related to DILI when compared with the VPA-tolerant controls
(p<0.001). The cases developed hepatocellular hepatitis
(p<0.001), while the mild hepatitis controls had a higher rate
of cholestatic hepatitis (p<0.001). The laboratory lactate
dehydrogenase values were statistically higher (even at baseline) in
patients with DILI than in both control groups (p= 0.033 and p=0.039).
Conclusions: VPA hepatotoxicity remains a considerable problem. This
study offers interesting findings for characterising VPA-induced liver
injury and at-risk patients.
The anti-inflammatory mechanism of Astragaloside in the recurrences of asthma mice
Authors: yang qingqing , Zhang Hongying , Sun Jing , Du Yijie , Dong Jingcheng , Kong Lingwen
Published: March 2022

The recurrence of asthma is partly mediated by allergen-specific CD4
memory T cells that promote lung inflammation through recruitment of
cellular effectors into the lung. Central memory T cells(Tcm), a subset
of memory T cells following infection and allergen induction, can
rapidly response to the allergen and produce inflammatory production
which is the important role of the recall of allergy response. Targeting
the expansion of pathogenic central memory immune cells is a promising
therapeutic strategy to prevent chronic autoimmune recurrence. However,
current common therapies cannot alter the frequency of central memory T
cells subsets in adult atopic asthma patients. We previously carried out
an animal study, which showed that Astragaloside (AST) could inhibit the
recurrences of asthma attack, however, the underlying therapeutic
mechanism were not completely clear. The important question of this
research is whether AST, as an anti-inflammatory agent used in asthma
therapy, may act on the memory T-cell subpopulation to prevent the
recurrences of asthma attack. In this study, we dissect the treatment
effectiveness and mechanism of AST on Tcms from generation and migration
in the recurrences of asthma.
Both underweight and obesity are associated with an increased risk of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) severity
Authors: ye pian , ran pang , Li Ling , li huarong , liu shuanglin , zhao lei
Published: March 2022

Background: As COVID-19 evolved into a global pandemic. Increasing
numbers of reports have linked obesity to more severe COVID-19 illness
and death (1-3). However, almost all the studies focused on the
proportion of people entering the ICU or mortality. Is obesity also
associated with severity of pneumonia in common pneumonia patients? How
about underweight patients? The answer is lack. So, our research below
will answer the question. Methods: We collected and analyzed
epidemiological, demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from 193
confirmed cases of COVID-19 at Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, China, between
January 1, 2020, and March 13, 2020. They were followed up until April
15, 2020. Results: Among these patients, 5.70% were underweight,
58.03% were normal weight, 27.98% were overweight and 8.29% were
obese. underweight patients were more likely to have headache (P=0.029)
Obese patients were more likely to experience a decline in lymphocyte
counts(P=0.042), an increase in CRP(P=0.020), bilateral multiple
mottling and groundglass opacity (P=0.008). Besides, the proportion of
patients receiving human immunoglobulin+systematic corticosteroids
treatment is the highest among the obese group compared with other BMI
groups. After adjusting for potential confounders, Underweight patients
had 6.483-fold higher(P=0.012)，and obesity patients showed 5.965-fold
higher odds developing acute lung injury(ALI) than normal weight
patients(P=0.022). Underweight patients were 3.255 times more likely
than normal-weight patients to develop secondary infections (P=0.041).
Conclusions: Our study shows that in patients with common pneumonia,
both underweight and obese people tend to develop ALI compared with
normal weight patients.
Rosai-Dorfman disease with lung involvement in a 10-year-old patient: a case report
Authors: Wu Guojing , Zhu Renliang , Yang Chaojie , Li Bobo , Wang Huiyue , Chen Wenyong
Published: March 2022

Background: Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare benign proliferative
disease whose etiology is not clear and may be related to infection or
unexplained immune dysfunction. The authors present a case of RDD with
lung involvement in a 10-year-old
patient.\\ Case description: a 10-year-old
female found that the left lymph node was enlarged for more than 7
months, the larger range was about 6.5-5.9-8.1cm, and the cervical MR
was considered as: malignant tumor, the possibility of lymph node
metastasis was high. At the same time, lung CT conclusion: multiple
nodules in both lungs, it is possible to consider metastatic tumor.
Finally, RDD was diagnosed by pathology and
immunohistochemistry.\\ Discussion: RDD
involving the lung is very rare in clinic, and lung RDD clinical
symptoms and imaging have no obvious specific manifestations, clinically
easy to be misdiagnosed as malignant tumor, the final need for
pathological diagnosis. The pathological manifestation of this case is
typical, CD68, CD163 and Smur100 are all positive, and no other lesions
are found in clinical and laboratory examination, so it is considered as
the possibility of RDD involving the
lung.\\ Conclusion: The simple use of
imaging methods for diagnosis RDD is easy to lead to misdiagnosis, we
need to comprehensively consider the use of different diagnostic
methods; and according to the epidemiological characteristics of RDD,
long-term follow-up of cases is necessary.
Low EVI1 expression at diagnosis predicted poor outcomes in pediatric Ph-negative B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients
Authors: Yang Lu , Dao Feng-Ting , Lu Ai-Dong , Chen Wen-Min , Li Ling-Di , Long Ling-Yu , Liu Yan-Rong , Liu Kai-Yan , zhang leiping , Qin Ya-Zhen
Published: March 2022

Background: Abnormal high ecotropic viral integration site 1 (EVI1)
expression was recognized as a poor prognostic factor in acute myeloid
leukemia (AML) patients. However, its prognostic impact in B cell
precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) remains unknown.
Procedures: A total of 176 pediatric Ph-negative BCP-ALL patients who
received at least 1 course of chemotherapy and received chemotherapy
only during follow-up were retrospectively tested EVI1 transcript levels
by real-time quantitative PCR at diagnosis and survival analysis was
performed. Clinical and EVI1 expression data of 129 pediatric BCP-ALL
patients were downloaded from the therapeutically applicable research to
generate effective treatments (TARGET) database for validation. Results:
In our cohort, the median EVI1 transcript levels were 0.33% (range,
0.0068-136.2%), and 0.10% was determined as the optimal cutoff value
for patient grouping by receiver operating characteristic curve. Low
EVI1 expression (<0.10%) was significantly related to lower
5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates
(P=0.017 and 0.018), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that
EVI1<0.10% was an independent adverse prognostic factor for
RFS and OS. TARGET data showed that low EVI1 expression tended to be
related to a lower 5-year OS rate (P=0.066). Conclusions: Low EVI1
expression at diagnosis may predict poor outcome in pediatric
Ph-negative BCP-ALL patients receiving chemotherapy.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS AND MANGEMENT OF LTP ALLERGY ACCORDING TO SPECIFIC SENSITIZATION PROFILES
Authors: Lopez Ramon , Esteso Samuel , Hernandez Dolores
Published: March 2022

Background: Non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP) food allergy is
a major problem in the Spanish Mediterranean area. Different clinical
presentations of this syndrome and their relationship with laboratory
test results have not been clearly described. The objective of this
study was to describe a systematic work plan to serve as a basis for the
identification of analytical sensitization profiles and their
relationship with clinical symptoms. Methods: Samples from 210 patients,
analysed by ImmunoCAP® ISAC 112, with at least one positive result for
any LTP component were selected. Patients were classified into three
main groups according to the type of symptoms: food-related (F),
respiratory (R), and combined (FR). Results: Two subsets of specific IgE
recognition were described according to clinical features (food and
respiratory) and in vitro findings. In the food subset, four main
sensitization profiles with clinical implications related to LTP
components with higher IgE levels were identified: peach, walnut, peanut
and hazelnut. No single LTP component was related to severity of
symptoms. A total of 65 different LTP component patterns were detected;
only one pattern in peach profile was associated with anaphylaxis
severity. Par j 2 was a severity marker of respiratory allergy. Ole e 7
was considered a food allergy marker in patients with multiple LTP
recognition, but it was marker for respiratory allergy when it was the
only positive LTP and associated with Ole e 1. Conclusion: A new
systematic work plan to identify nsLTP sensitization profiles is
described, allowing more individualized and accurate treatment of
patients.