bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEGAL CHALLENGES IN COMBATING CHILD TRAFFICKING IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Kamaruddin Nor Shuhada , Mohd. Zin Najibah
Published: May 2023

Malaysia has enacted the Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-Smuggling of Migrants 2007 (ATIPSOM) Act in regulating the crime of human trafficking in Malaysia. The Act has to be read together with other relevant legislations, for instance, the Child Act 2001, Immigration Act 1956/63, and Child and Young Person (Employment) Act 1966 (Amendment) 2019. Additionally, since Malaysia is a signatory of the international instrument related to human trafficking, the implementation of the laws is required to observe the international standard.  Such as, international instruments include the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons especially Women and Children, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Optional Protocol for the Sale of Children, Child Pornography, and Child Prostitution. This paper aims to analyse the challenges in implementing the existing laws to combat child trafficking in Malaysia. Therefore, this study adopted a qualitative approach that applies the doctrinal and non-doctrinal components by utilising library-based resources and conducting semi-structured interviews with relevant agencies. The findings indicate that there are loopholes in enforcing several domestic laws to comply with the international standards and necessitates improvements in terms of criminalizing child trafficking cases, demand and supply of a child for sexual exploitation, child adoption process, and the status of refugee children.
THE LANGUAGE OF JUSTICE IN MALAYSIAN COURTS: THE LAW AND THE REALITY
Authors: Ramalingam Sheila , Sabaruddin Johan Shamsuddin , Dhanapal Saroja
Published: May 2023

Perhaps one of the most unique and peculiar aspects of Malaysia’s judicial and legal system is the setting up of two High Courts of co-ordinate jurisdiction and status when Malaysia was formed: one in West Malaysia, which is known as the High Court in Malaya; and one in East Malaysia, which is known as the High Court in Sabah and Sarawak. The two High Courts in Malaysia have remained in place until now. Simultaneously with the formation of Malaysia, Part XIIA was inserted into the Federal Constitution to provide for additional protection for the States of Sabah and Sarawak. These included, among others, Article 161 which provided for the continued use of English in court proceedings in East Malaysia. This is different from Article 152 of the Federal Constitution read together with the National Language Acts 1963/67 which provide that Malay is the official language in court proceedings in West Malaysia. Hence, a lasting anomaly in the Malaysian legal system: to all intents and purposes, Malay is the language of the courts in West Malaysia; whereas English is the language of the courts in East Malaysia. This has led to various legal issues in Malaysian jurisprudence. This article seeks to analyse the differences in the use of language in the courts in West and East Malaysia, with a view to answering the question as to whether there can be uniformity of the use of language throughout the courts in Malaysia, bearing in mind the special interests, protection and safeguards afforded to Sabah and Sarawak when Malaysia was formed. For the purpose of this research, a qualitative research method is adopted. The data collection method is document analysis consisting of both primary and secondary sources such as the Federal Constitution, Federal Acts of Parliament, textbooks, journal articles, published law reports, online articles, media reports, and case law. The research found that it is entirely possible for Malay to be made the official language in all courts across Malaysia. However, the liberal use of English in courts should continue to be allowed, as this is the reality that is taking place in courts across Malaysia today.
Pengaruh Variasi Arus Listrik Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Sambungan Las Titik Beda Material Antara Aluminium dan Baja Karbon
Authors: Amin Ahmadil , Firman Muhammad , Arief Saifullah , Rizki Muhammad
Published: May 2023

Kombinasi penggunaan material aluminium dan baja karbon dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomis suatu alat/mesin. Untuk mendapatkan kualitas sambungan las titik yang baik antara Aluminium dan baja karbon, diperlukan metode pengelasan yang tepat sehingga diperoleh struktur nugget yang memiliki kekuatan sambungan yang terbaik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi arus listrik terhadap sifat mekanik sambungan las titik beda material antara aluminium dan baja karbon. Sifat mekanik yang dipelajari meliputi distribusi  kekerasan dan kekuatan tarik. Variasi arus listrik yang digunakan adalah 60, 70, dan 80 A dengan waktu pengelasan 4 detik. Pengelasan titik dengan arus 80 A menghasilkan Kekerasan HAZ pada sisi baja karbon mengalami peningkatan ketika berdekatan dengan nugget untuk variasi arus listrik 70 dan 80 A karena HAZ mengalami pembesaran butir akibat suhu yang tinggi dan waktu pendinginan yang cukup cepat. Peningkatan arus listrik berkorelasi dengan peningkatan kekuatan tarik yang terjadi. Pengelasan titik dengan arus listrik 80 A mampu memberikan kekuatan tarik yang optimal.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Ground Strap Koil Pada Mesin Bensin Sistem Injeksi Terhadap Emisi Gas
Authors: Prayogi Yoga
Published: May 2023

Sumber pencemaran udara terbesar berasal dari kendaraan bermotor. Polusi emisi gas buang yang dihasilkan kendaraan bermotor berupa CO, HC, NOx. Pengurangan emisi bisa dilakukan dengan meningkatkan proses pembakaran. campuran bahan bakar dan udara pada ruang bakar harus terbakar sempurna. System pangapian mampu mempengaruhi proses pembakaran. teknologi yang digunakan untuk mengoptimalkan system pengapian adalah ground strap. Variabel terikat dalam penelitian adalah kadar emisi CO, HC, dan NOx. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah  jumlah lilitan pada ground strap dan diameter tembaga.Hasil emisi menunjukan ada penurunan pada kadar CO. Penggunaan ground strap mempengaruhi hasil emisi CO. Kadar CO terendah mencapai 0,17 %. Penurunan kadar CO mencapai 32 %. Kadar emisi HC penggunaan groud strap mengalami penurunan. Penurunan mencapai 25%. Hasil emisi HC pada mesin standar mencapai 48 ppm. ground strap diameter 0,8 dan lilitan 150 kadar emisi HC sebesar 36 ppm. Hasil pengujian kadar emisi NOx mengalami peningkatan. peningkatan kada emisi NOx mencapai 37,14 %.Kadar emisi HC dan CO yang di hasilkan dari penggunaan ground strap mengalami penurunan. Kadar emisi NOx mengalami peningkatan pada penggunan ground strap.
Analisa Sifat Mekanik Baling-Baling Perahu Ketinting Berbahan Dasar Limbah Alumunium Kampas Rem dan Limbah Alumunium CVT
Authors: , Rendi , Abduh Muhammad , Arief Saifullah
Published: May 2023

Perahu ketinting adalah perahu tradisional Indonesia yang umumnya digunakan untuk transportasi di sungai dan danau. Biasanya, perahu ini menggunakan mesin bensin yang terhubung dengan baling-baling berbahan alumunium. Limbah alumunium seperti bekas kampas rem dan bekas CVT memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan baling-baling perahu ketinting dengan menggunakan teknologi daur ulang. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menguji sifat mekanik baling-baling perahu ketinting yang dibuat dari limbah alumunium kampas rem dan limbah alumunium CVT. Metode yang digunakan adalah membandingkan sifat mekanik baling-baling perahu ketinting yang dijual di pasaran dengan yang dibuat dari limbah alumunium kampas rem dan CVT. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa komposisi campuran antara limbah kampas rem dengan limbah CVT yang paling mendekati kekerasan baling-baling yang dijual dipasaran adalah komposisi 35 persen limbah kampas rem dan 56 persen limbah CVT. Pencampuran limbah kampas rem yang terlalu banyak akan menyembabkan terjadinya penurunan tingkt kekerasan sedangkan pencampuran limbah CVT yang banyak akan meningkatkan kekerasan.
DOCTORS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS THEIR PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPETENCES AS A COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL SELF-REFLECTION
Authors: Shevtsov A. G. , Zyukov O. L. , Oshivalova O. O.
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the research is to study doctors’ attitude towards the role of psychological competencies in their professional activities and its assessment as well as to investigate doctors’ self-assessment of their psychological knowledge, skills and abilities to demonstrate various forms of communication with certain groups of patients as an important component of professional reflection. Participating in the research doctors were different specialty experts of different age groups and experience, employed in multidisciplinary health care institutions.

Materials and methods. A pilot sociological survey of department heads employed in a multidisciplinary health care institution with a focus group were followed with a sociological survey of a sample (40,9%) of the institution population of the doctors of various specialties, age and experience. Statistical analysis of the survey results was carried out with the use of Microsoft Excel software.

The results. The assessment of the importance of doctors’ psychological competence in professional activity and doctors’ self-assessment of their psychological competence in various areas of professional work were obtained in the frame of the conducted research.

Conclusions. The doctors’ self-reflective assessment of their psychological competencies proved the professional competencies and the corresponding motivational potential among health care workers need advancing. Relatively low scores of doctors’ self-assessment in certain types of professional psychological competence allow us to make a conclusion about the need to launch relevant training in the field of psychological competence. Among the topic issues the training should cover are the ability to prevent professional stress, professional deformation and professional burnout of a doctor; conflict management skills and interpersonal crisis situations at work; psychological knowledge, skills and communication skills with difficult patients in behavioral aspects. Analysis of the Pearson correlation coefficient of answers to various questions with data on age and professional work experience make it possible to conclude that both samples with a significant professional experience as well as elder respondents need taking an advanced training program in the field of psychological competence. Since psychological resilience and resistance to stress skills develop more efficient with life experience obtaining than through workplace experience, it makes possible to summarize that the need to conduct psychological training on stress resistance and resilience for doctors directly in the health care institution conditions, e.g. as a professional school.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE APPLICATION OF THE FREQUENCY- RESONANCE METHOD IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND NEUTRALIZATION OF PATHOGENS
Authors: Yakymchuk M. A. , Prylypko S. I.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The method of bioresonance therapy is now quite widespread and occupies a certain and occupies a certain niche in the medical services market. The goal of the work: to study the possibility of using the frequency resonance method research for the detection of Bifidobacterium and Helicobacter pylori and the impact of frequency resonance on the biological environment.

Materials and methods: The hardware complex was used in the work developed on the basis of the National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute» together with employees of the Institute of Applied Problems of Ecology, Geophysics and Geochemistry». On the basis of the clinical diagnostic laboratory of the State Institution of Science «Research and Practical Center of Preventive and Clinical Medicine» State Administrative Department of Ukraine conducted verification of Bifidobacterium and Helicobacter pylori in the in biological media, as well as the study of patients’ blood for sterility according to standard methods. In order to neutralize the pathogens identified during the laboratory the following frequency range was used to neutralize the pathogenic microorganisms detected during the laboratory Х81Х39.2ХХ2 Hz. (X – closed numbers, which will be removed after the protection of intellectual property rights of the authors).

Results: Investigation of the possibility of verification of Bifidobacterium and Helicobacter pylori on photographs by frequency resonance method was carried out for the period from October 2021 to January 2022. Comparative analysis of the diagnostic value of the frequency resonance method in comparison with traditional standard methods used in the clinical and diagnostic laboratory of the State Institution of Science «Research and Practical Center of Preventive and Clinical Medicine» State Administrative Department of Ukraine showed a sufficiently high verification probability of more than 96 %.

Conclusions: The research conducted requires more thorough additional study with the involvement of medical, biological, physical, and radiophysical scientists.
Quantitative Conceptual History
Authors: Marjanen Jani
Published: May 2023

With the emergence of large digitized collections of historical texts, scholarship in the humanities has increasingly turned to studying texts as data. This article argues that seeing text as data is particularly apt for the study of conceptual history. The quantitative perspective allows for rethinking the analytical terminology used to study the transformation of political and social terminology. Further, quantitative conceptual history requires re-evaluation on four levels. First, it forces scholars of conceptual history to reconsider the role of reception in the spread and lexicalization of linguistic innovations. Second, it forces them to assess how to interpret quantitative analyses of linguistic change. Third, the use of quantitative methods calls for clarity in describing what is being measured and what is being interpreted based on quantitative analyses. Fourth, the use of machine-learning methods for conceptual history should remain careful. They can be very useful for exploration, but should be combined with count-based methods to provide concrete proof.
Reviews
Authors: Adler-Bartels Tobias , Bender de Moniz Bandeira Egas , Postoutenko Kirill , Strang Johan
Published: May 2023

Michael Freeden, Ideology Studies: New Advances and Interpretations (London: Routledge, 2022) 208 pp.

Thomas Fröhlich and Axel Schneider, eds., Chinese Visions of Progress, 1895 to 1949 (Leiden: Brill, 2020), 323 pp.

Manfred Hettling and Wolfgang Schieder, eds., Reinhart Koselleck als Historiker: Zu den Bedingungen möglicher Geschichten [Reinhart Koselleck as a historian: On the conditions of possible histories] (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Press, 2021), 461 pp.

Jesper Vestermark Køber, Niklas Olsen, and Heidi Vad Jønsson, eds., Citizen Categories in the Danish Welfare State: From the Founding Epoch to the Neoliberal Era (Odense: University Press of Southern Denmark, 2021), 208 pages.
Graft subsidence and reoperation after lateral lumbar interbody fusion: a propensity score–matched and cost analysis of polyetheretherketone versus 3D-printed porous titanium interbodies
Authors: Alan Nima , Deng Hansen , Muthiah Nallammai , Vodovotz Lena , Dembinski Robert , Guha Daipayan , Agarwal Nitin , Ozpinar Alp , Hamilton D. Kojo , Kanter Adam S. , Okonkwo David O.
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVE

Lumbar interbody cage subsidence has a multifactorial etiology. Cage material, although well studied after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, has not been investigated as a contributing factor to subsidence after lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF). In this study the authors compared rates of subsidence and reoperation after LLIF between polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and 3D-printed porous titanium (pTi) in an institutional propensity score–matched and cost analysis.

METHODS

This is a retrospective observational cohort analysis of adult patients who underwent LLIF with pTi versus PEEK between 2016 and 2020. Demographic, clinical, and radiographic characteristics were collected. Propensity scores were calculated and 1:1 matching without replacement of surgically treated levels was performed. The primary outcome of interest was subsidence. The Marchi subsidence grade was determined at the time of last follow-up. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare subsidence and reoperation rates between lumbar levels treated with PEEK versus pTi. Modeling and cost analysis were performed using TreeAge Pro Healthcare.

RESULTS

The authors identified a total of 192 patients; 137 underwent LLIF with PEEK (212 levels) and 55 had LLIF with pTi (97 levels). After propensity score matching, a total of 97 lumbar levels remained in each treatment group. After matching, there were no statistically significant differences between groups in baseline characteristics. Levels treated with pTi were significantly less likely to exhibit subsidence (any grade) compared to those treated with PEEK (8% vs 27%, p = 0.001). Five (5.2%) levels treated with PEEK required reoperation for subsidence, but only 1 (1.0%) level treated with pTi required reoperation for subsidence (p = 0.12). Given subsidence and revision rates experienced in the cohorts in this study, the pTi interbody device is economically superior to PEEK in a single-level LLIF as long as its cost is at least $1185.94 lower than that of PEEK.

CONCLUSIONS

The pTi interbody device was associated with less subsidence, but statistically similar revision rates after LLIF. pTi is potentially a superior economic choice at this study’s reported revision rate.
НОРМУВАННЯ НАДІЙНОСТІ РОБОТИ ГІДРОМЕЛІОРАТИВНИХ СИСТЕМ ПРИ ЇХ ПРОЕКТУВАННІ
Authors: Tokar L. O. , Tokar O. I. , Vodko V. R.
Published: May 2023

Проаналізовано класифікацію гідротехнічних споруд гідромеліоративних систем за класами капітальності та класами наслідків (відповідальності). Запропоновано значення допустимих рівнів надійності для гідромеліоративних споруд залежно від класу капітальності та класів наслідків (відповідальності).
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МАТЕМАТИЧНИХ МЕТОДІВ І МОДЕЛЕЙ ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ПРИ РЕГУЛЮВАННІ ВОДНОГО РЕЖИМУ В ЗРОШУВАЛЬНИХ МЕЛІОРАЦІЯХ НА ЗАСАДАХ ГІДРОІНФОРМАТИКИ
Authors: Kirianov V. M.
Published: May 2023

Розглядаються питання тлумачення терміну «гідроінформатика»,ролі та завдань гідроінформатики для водного господарства, управління зрошувальною системою з використанням математичнихметодів оптимального управління; здійснена постановка математичної задачі управління запасами, створена стохастична математична модель прийняття рішень в процесі управління зрошувальною системою.
ПРОСТОРОВЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ В ГІС ДЛЯ ОЦІНКИ ГІДРОЕКОЛОГІЧНИХ ЗМІН РІЧКОВИХ БАСЕЙНІВ В ЗОНАХ ВПЛИВУ ГІРНИЧОДОБУВНИХ РЕГІОНІВ
Authors: Trofymchuk O. M. , Yakovliev Ye. O. , Anpilova Ye. S.
Published: May 2023

Автори підкреслюють важливість аналізу просторових даних та побудови моделей в ГІС для достовірної оцінки гідроекологічного стану річкових басейнів Карпатського (Солотвинські соляні шахти, Закарпатська область) та Донбаського регіонів. Метою аналізу було зіставлення швидкостей деформації ґрунту. Використання сучасних технологій для вимірювань поверхневих деформацій дає можливість оцінити небезпечні зміни геологічного середовища та поліпшити прогноз ризиків. Основним результатом є встановленняматематичної кореляції між поверхневими осіданнями і площею їх поширення.
ЕКОНОМІЧНА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ХІМІЧНОЇ МЕЛІОРАЦІЇ ФОСФОГІПСОМ НА ІРИГАЦІЙНО СОЛОНЦЮВАТИХ ЧОРНОЗЕМАХ
Authors: Makarova T. K.
Published: May 2023

Приріс урожайності сільськогосподарських культур під впливомхімічної меліорації фосфогіпсом різними розрахунковими дозамипри зрошенні та без нього. Економічна ефективність внесення фосфогіпсу.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ НАПРУЖЕНО-ДЕФОРМОВАНОГО СТАНУ МАСИВУ ПРИ ВІДПРАЦЮВАННІ І ЗАКЛАДЦІ ОЧИСНИХ КАМЕР ПЕРШОЇ ЧЕРГИ ТВЕРДІЮЧОЮ ЗАКЛАДКОЮ
Authors: Kalinichenko O. V.
Published: May 2023

Встановлено, що дослідження та розробка теоретичних основвпливу штучного поля напружень на розвиток геомеханічних процесів при виїмці корисної копалини камерними системами розробки із закладкою виробленого простору є досить складним детермінованим процесом. Тому діагностування і облік силових взаємодій і трансформацій штучного поля напружень і його вплив на досліджуваній ділянці родовища виконувалося з урахуванням наявності етапного характеру навантаження гірських порід. Кількість розрахункових етапів прийнято тотожнім кількості технологічних циклів відпрацювання шахтного поля. З урахуванням прийнятих критеріїв, з метою отримання необхідних чисельних значень, дослідженнянапружено-деформованого стану масиву було розбито на етапи,прив'язані до технологічних циклів відпрацювання покладів. Дана методика тотожна розрахунковому методу «послідовних циклів», який застосовувався для аналітичних досліджень. У виконаних дослідженнях, технологічні етапи розглядалися як процес перерозподілу напружень між гірським масивом, закладкою і обваленими пустими породами, при цьому навантаження в кожному наступному етапному циклі визначалося з урахуванням попереднього технологічного циклу. Розрахунок адекватних напружень і деформацій здійснювався на базі програмного комплексу Ansys 16.2.
How Constitution-making Fails and What We Can Learn from It: Discussion Paper 2/2023
Authors: Zulueta-Fülscher Kimana
Published: May 2023

Constitution-making is often integral to achieving a new political settlement after conflict and in fragile settings. However, the process fails with relative frequency, in that actors cannot agree on a new text or the finalized text is not approved or ratified. While failure may be temporary—the process may resume after a period of time—it can also be costly. Key reforms may depend on the adoption of a new or revised constitution, and in its absence negotiations may stall and conflict recur. This Paper starts a conversation about the potential grounds for, and strategies to prevent or build on, failure. It was developed following the Ninth Edinburgh Dialogue on Post-Conflict Constitution-Building held in September 2022.
Quick Review
Authors: Akhavan Amir Naser , Hosseini Seyed Emad , Bahrami Mohsen
Published: May 2023

The notable increase in petroleum demand, together with a decline in discovery rates, has highlighted the desire for efficient production of existing oil wells worldwide. Mainly, the productivity of the existing large oil fields makes us consider the principles of managing reservoirs to make the most of extraction. At the same time, many different uncertainties in the course of the developing oil field, including geological, operational, and economic uncertainties, have a detrimental impact on the reservoir's effective production, which is why dealing with uncertainty is crucial for maximizing output. There is a broad variety of studies on managing oil reservoirs under uncertainty information in the literature. In this study a short review of earlier works has been done on optimization strategies and management of uncertainty in reservoir production.
Comparative Study of Conventional and Microwave-Assisted Boriding of AISI 1040 and AISI 4140 Steels
Authors: Ayvaz Safiye İpek , Özer Emre
Published: May 2023

In this study, AISI 1040 and AISI 4140 steels were boriding using Ekabor-II commercial boriding powder with powder-pack boriding method using microwave and conventional heating methods. The samples were borided at 950 °C for 2 and 6 hours in an Ar atmosphere in a microwave oven of Enerzi-Mh2912-V8. Biphasic structure (FeB/Fe2B) was formed in all borided AISI 4140 samples and AISI 1040 samples borided for 6 hours. A single-phase structure was observed in AISI 1040 steel borided for 2 hours. Compared to the conventional method, a 1.5-1.6 times thicker boride layer was obtained in AISI 4140 and AISI 1040 steels with microwave-assisted powder-pack boriding. The highest hardness was measured as 1561.8 HV0.05 for boriding AISI 4140 steel and 1499.7 HV0.05 for boriding AISI 1040 steel. The Vickers indentation fracture toughness of borided steels with microwave energy varied between 2.31 and 3.46 MPa·m1/2. It was determined that in all samples borided by the microwave-assisted and conventional powder-pack boriding method, the adhesion strength between the boride layers and the substrate obtained was sufficient.
AI Machine Vision based Oven White Paper ColorClassification and Label Position Real-time Monitoring System to Check Direction
Authors: Kim Hee-Chul , Yoon Youn-Saup , Kim Yong-Mo
Published: May 2023

We develop a vision system for batch inspection by oven white paper model color by manufacturing a machine vision system for the oven manufacturing automation process. In the vision system, white paper object detection (spring), color clustering, and histogram extraction are performed. In addition, for the automated process of home appliances, we intend to develop an automatic mold combination detection algorithm that inspects the label position and direction (angle/coordinate) using deep learning.
A Study on the Effect of Quality Factors of Smartphone 5G Technology on the Reliability of Information and Communication Policy
Authors: Choo Chil-Yuob
Published: May 2023

This paper analyzes the effect of the characteristics of 5G services on users' continuous intention to use, focusing on the technology acceptance model. With the start of the fourth industrial revolution in the 21st century, 5G is the best technology used in the Internet of Things, high-speed information and communication, artificial intelligence, big data, autonomous vehicles, virtual reality, augmented reality, robots, nanotechnology, and blockchain. The technical characteristics of 5G ultra-high-speed information communication are represented by ultra-high speed, ultra-high capacity, ultra-low delay, and ultra-high connectivity. 5G mobile communication technology is essential, and after the technology provided by 5G services is commercialized, it can play all its roles as a practical core new growth engine. 5G mobile communication (hereinafter referred to as 5G) is far superior to LTE, which is a 4G mobile communication, in terms of transmission speed, waiting time, and terminal capacity. 5G service is not just an axis of the process of developing mobile communication technology, but also the creation of innovative corporate value of technology. This is because higher network quality and innovation with 5G service technology will improve perceived usability, perceived ease of use, and perceived entertainment, which will ultimately have a positive impact on users' intention to use 5G services. Therefore, due to the lack of investment in information and communication bases, platforms, and applications, this paper can be used as the basis for establishing government policies.
The Assessment of Robotic Process Automation Projects with a Portfolio Analysis
Authors: Axmann Bernhard , Harmoko Harmoko , Rahul Malhotra
Published: May 2023

RPA’s (Robotic Process Automation) usage in organizations has rapidly increased in recent years; as a result, companies have developed high expectations from this technology. However, according to Ernst & Young (E&Y), 30-50% of observed RPA projects initially fail and reveal several risks, which lead to investment losses. Consequently, the RPA project is prematurely retired, and the company is back to the manual process. This premature retirement is mainly because of wrong process selection and the not sufficient company automation (RPA) maturity. Therefore, this paper will introduce the concept of an RPA Portfolio, which will assess the complexity of business processes with a company’s automation (RPA) maturity. The RPA Portfolio is a new innovative concept to simplify and visualize the business process selection for RPA projects, and will help to introduce successfully the right RPA projects.
Challenges in Flexible Manufacturing Technologies for the Final Assembly in the Commercial Vehicle Industry
Authors: Demiral Tarik , Bock Jürgen , Johansson Pierre
Published: May 2023

Increasing customer demands and product diversity as well as emerging technologies and market trends, such as the establishment of new driveline technologies, like e-mobility or hydrogen, present challenges for manufacturing companies in the commercial vehicle industry. Consequently, companies must strengthen their focus to the aspect of flexibility within their manufacturing processes. This paper contributes to the state of the art in flexible manufacturing technologies research, which enables manufacturing companies to deal with these increasing flexibility requirements. Focussing on the area of final assembly the paper takes a holistic perspective and characterizes the readiness of automotive companies to be able to implement flexible manufacturing technologies. The system ecosystem and the process organization of automotive companies are examined with respect to the requirements of flexible manufacturing. Finally, gaps that hinder the implementation of flexible manufacturing technologies are identified and described, and possible solution concepts for the identified gaps are proposed.
Artificial Neural Network System for Predicting Cutting Forces in Helical-End Milling of Laser-Deposited Metal Materials
Authors: Župerl Uroš , Kovačić Miha
Published: May 2023

When machining difficult-to-cut metal materials often used to make sheet metal forming tools, excessive cutting force jumps often break the cutting edge. Therefore, this research developed a system of three neural network models to accurately predict the maximal cutting forces on the cutting edge in helical end milling of layered metal material. The model considers the different machinability of individual layers of a multilayer metal material. Comparing the neural force system with a linear regression model and experimental data shows that the system accurately predicts the cutting force when milling layered metal materials for a combination of specific cutting parameters. The predicted values of the cutting forces agree well with the measured values. The maximum error of the predicted cutting forces is 5.85% for all performed comparative tests. The obtained model accuracy is 98.65%.
In-Crystal Dislocation Behaviour and Hardness Changes in the Case of Severe Plastic Deformation of Aluminium Samples
Authors: Keran Zdenka , Horvatić Novak Amalija , Razumić Andrej , Runje Biserka , Piljek Petar
Published: May 2023

The presence of dislocations significantly modifies the mechanical properties of crystalline solids. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) and the most used SPD process – the Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP), affect the multiplication and localized accumulation of dislocations. This research is related to the observation of dislocation pile-up and significant reduction of the crystalline grain size caused by severe deformations in the ECAP process of the widely used aluminium material (Al 99.5%). Because of its lightweight, the application of Al 99.5 % can pose a challenge for the aviation and space industry, especially since its mechanical properties limit its application. Improving these mechanical properties can extend its applicability in cases of demanding constructions as well as influence the final product cost. As a confirmation of SPD in-fluence on mechanical properties, material hardness has been examined and described. Dislocation monitoring is enabled using the light and electron microscopy and AFM (Atomic Force Microscope) device. A numerical simulation of the Equal Channel Angular Pressing process using the ABAQUS software package determined the representative area of the most severe deformation.
The Impact of Collaborative Robot on Production Line Efficiency and
Sustainability
Authors: Javernik Aljaz , Ojstersek Robert , Buchmeister Borut
Published: May 2023

The global production tends towards more sustainable manufacturing, which forces manufacturers to constantly change and adapt. In our case, we are considering the FESTO CP LAB 400 production line, primarily designed for the training of personnel in the field of automation, which is essential for maintaining competitiveness in today's world. The production line consists of seven fully automated workstations and one manual assembly workstation, which represents the bottleneck of the production system. The paper presents a comparative study of the lines (human assembly vs. collaborative robot assembly) with an emphasis on economic and environmental aspects. The input parameters of the production line were obtained based on real-world measurements, while the assembly time of the collaborative robot was determined through simulation studies. The results of the study are presented graphically and numerically and confirm the contribution of the introduction of a collaborative robot to the assembly workstation in both financial and environmental terms.
Lean Product Development Tools for Promotion of Sustainability Integration in Product Development
Authors: Cukor Ivana , Hegedić Miro
Published: May 2023

This article aims to enhance existing understanding of incorporating sustainability aspects during the product development and seeks to fill the gaps regarding the relationship between LPD and sustainability aspects. An up-to-date literature review was performed. More specifically, the expansion of current knowledge covers finding instances in earlier studies that explain the meaning of a sustainability aspect, such as environmental, social and economic aspect. Also, this article focuses on exploring various sustainability aspects using lean product development (LPD) tools and practices. LPD tools and practices that would enable the achievement of sustainability objectives are presented. The findings suggest that the chance for the integration of sustainability in product development comes when integrating sustainability aspects in LPD methods and tools that are used in companies daily. An analysis of the impact of every single LPD tools on individual aspects of sustainability is lacking. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research.
Sistem Kendali Jarak Jauh Rotator Kamera CCTV
Authors: Basri Muhammad , Alam Syahirun , Putra Ariyanto Dwi
Published: May 2023

Kamera CCTV merupakan salah satu piranti yang digunakan pada sistem keamanan untuk meminimalisir tingkat kriminalitas. Alat ini digunakan untuk memantau kondisi dan situasi di suatu tempat. Dalam implementasinya, alat ini memiliki keterbatasan ditinjau dari sudut jangkauan, sehingga dibutuhkan beberapa kamera untuk dapat mengamati seluruh sudut ruangan. Pada penelitian ini dirancang sebuah perangkat kamera CCTV yang terintegrasi dengan rotator yang dapat berputar secara horizontal  dan vertikal sehingga dapat menjangkau seluruh sudut ruangan. Rotator merupakan rangkaian yang terdiri dari motor stepper dan motor driver ULN 2003. Rotator dikendalikan jarak jauh melalui aplikasi Blynk melalui personal computer yang terhubung jaringan internet. Node MCU ESP8266 berfungsi untuk mengirimkan instruksi dari aplikasi ke perangkat rotator. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa rotator dapat berputar 3600 derajat secara horizontal  dan vertikal.
Perancangan Sistem Monitoring dan Pengendalian Suhu Pada Ruang Server PLTU Punagaya Berbasis Web Menggunakan Raspberry Pi
Authors: Zainal Muhammad , Jasmawati Jasmawati , Asriyadi Asriyadi
Published: May 2023

Ruang server merupakan pusat pengendali peralatan yang beroperasi pada  sebuah perusahaan. Penggunaan perangkat server secara kontinyu dalam jangka waktu yang lama dapat menyebabkan suhu pada perangkat juga meningkat. Perubahan suhu pada ruang server juga dapat mempengaruhi kinerja dari server. Pada penelitian ini dirancang sebuah sistem monitoring dan pengendalian suhu ruang server pada PLTU Punagaya secara online berbasis web menggunakan Raspberry pi. Sistem ini menggunakan sensor suhu DS18B20 untuk mendeteksi suhu ruang server. Parameter suhu ideal yang ingin dikontrol antara 20°C-34°C. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pada suhu ruang kurang dari 35 °C, Air Conditioner (AC) 1 dan 2 tidak beroperasi. Pada saat suhu ruang lebih dari 35°C, AC 1 akan beroperasi secara otomatis dan AC 2 akan dinyalakan secara manual ketika suhu ruang server tidak mengalami penurunan setelah AC 1 dinyalakan.
Rancang Bangun Prototype Sistem Pengaman Pada Kunci Kontak Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Jabbar A. Abd , Yunus Alauddin , Apriyanto Ichram
Published: May 2023

Teknologi pada industi manufakur otomatif semakin berkembang. Kendaraan dilengkapi dengan berbagai fitur dengan sistem elektronik menggunakan Engine Control Unit (ECU) . Salah satu fitur yang dikembangkan adalah sistem keamanan kunci kontak. Fitur ini berguna untuk mengurangi pencurian pada kendaraan.  Pada penelitian ini akan dirancang sebuah sistem keamanan pada kunci kontak kendaraan berbasis Arduino. Sistem ini mengintegrasikan fingerprint reader, LCD, modul relay, modul GSM menjadi suatu rangkaian. Sistem ini diaktifkan dengan mengirimkan Short Message Services (SMS) ke Modul GSM. Fingerprint digunakan sebagai input pada perangkat ini. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa saat sidik jari yang dimasukkan sesuai dengan yang telah direkam maka sistem akan memberikan informasi melalui LCD untuk mengizinkan pengguna dan relay akan membuka arus utama menuju kunci kontak sehingga mesin dapat dihidupkan.
Rancang Bangun Prototype Alat Pengantar Makanan Pada Rumah Makan
Authors: Parenrengi Khaerul Muttaqien
Published: May 2023

Sistem pengantaran makanan pada rumah makan sebagian besar masih dilakukan secara manual dengan tenaga manusia. Keterlambatan pengiriman pesanan pada meja pelanggan saat jam sibuk menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang muncul pada model pelayanan seperti ini. Hal ini akan mempengaruhi kualitas layanan dan tingkat kepuasan pelanggan. Penerapan teknologi merupakan solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini. Pada penelitian ini dirancang sebuah alat yang dapat mengantarkan pesanan makanan kepada pelanggan rumah makan secara otomatis. Alat ini dirancang menggunakan prinsip robot line follower dengan memanfaatkan perangkat Arduino Mega sebagai pusat pengendali. Dalam proses pengantaran makanan, sensor inframerah yang terpasang pada prototype akan membaca garis berwarna hitam yang terpasang pada terminal di setiap meja. Alat pengantar makanan akan berhenti sesuai dengan nomor meja yang telah ditentukan pada pengaturan awal dan akan kembali ke posisi awal setelah makanan diantarkan dengan menekan push button back. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa alat yang dirancang dapat mengantarkan makanan sesuai dengan instruksi yang diberikan.
Kendali Informasi Digital pada Ruang Pertemuan Unit Pelaksana Transmisi Makassar
Authors: Bahtiar Bahtiar
Published: May 2023

PT PLN (Persero) Unit Pelaksana Transmisi Makassar merupakan salah satu unit pengelola penyaluran kelistrikan di wilayah provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dan Sulawesi Tenggara. Koordinasi semua bagian di Unit Pelaksana Transmisi Makassar wajib terjalin dengan baik dan solid. Salah satu sarana pusat koordinasi penyaluran energi listrik adalah ruang pertemuan. Ketiga ruang pertemuan yang dimiliki Unit Pelaksana Transmisi Makassar semuanya memiliki papan informasi yang diisi secara manual. Sehingga untuk melakukan percepatan informasi pertemuan maka pada penelitian ini dirancang alat kendali informasi digital menggunakan P10. Sistem ini menggunakan 3 buah running text yang masing-masing terintegrasi dengan perangkat Arduino yang berfungsi sebagai slave. Ketiga perangkat ini akan terhubung dengan perangkat Arduino yang berfungsi sebagai master. Aplikasi pengendali informasi terhubung dengan master yang akan mengirimkan data teks ke perangkat P10 untuk ditampilkan sebagai running text. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa durasi waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk menampilkan tulisan pada P10 setelah dikirim melalui aplikasi pada laptop atau PC dipengaruhi oleh panjang kabel yang digunakan dan jumlah karakter teks yang akan ditampilkan
Rancang Bangun Sistem Penghitung Jumlah Uang Kertas pada Brankas Berbasis Arduino Uno
Authors: Hasrudianto Ardi
Published: May 2023

Uang merupakan kebutuhan yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Uang digunakan sebagai alat transaksi pada berbagai aktivitas jual beli barang dan jasa. Sebagian masyarakat masih menyimpan uang secara pribadi rumah masing-masing menggunakan brankas. Brankas yang tersedia belum dapat memberikan informasi secara otomatis terkait dengan jumlah uang yang disimpan seperti pada fasilitas ATM yang disediakan oleh Bank. Implementasi teknologi terknik perlu diterapkan pada sistem penyimpanan uang di rumah. Sehingga pada penelitian ini akan dirancang sebuah brankas yang dapat menghitung jumlah uang kertas yang tersimpan. Sistem ini dirancang dengan menggunakan sensor  TCS3200 untuk membaca nilai RGB uang yang dimasukkan pada brankas. Hasil pembacaan warna akan diproses dengan menggunakan perangkat Arduino untuk menentukan nominal mata uang dan jumlah uang yang telah dimasukkan.  Uang dengan nominal yang sama akan ditempatkan pada tempat penyimpanan yang sama. Tempat penyimpanan uang digerakkan dengan menggunakan motor stepper. Nilai RGB dari setiap uang kertas dan jumlah uang yang ada pada brankas akan ditampilkan pada LCD. Pengujian yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini menggunakan uang dengan nominal Rp. 50.000 dan Rp. 100.000. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem dapat mengenali uang Rp. 50.000 dengan tingkat akurasi 88% dan dan Rp. 100.000 dengan tingkat akurasi 74%
Robot Line Follower Pemindah Barang Berdasarkan Warna Berbasis Mikrokontroler
Authors: Basri Muhammad , Wahira Ira
Published: May 2023

Robot merupakan perangkat yang dirancang untuk membantu dan memudahkan manusia dalam melakukan pekerjaan. Beberapa robot pada bidang industri digunakan pada pekerjaan yang membutuhkan ketelitian yang tinggi dengan resiko yang besar. Pada beberapa industri, proses pemilahan barang masih dilakukan secara konvensional dengan menggunakan tenaga manusia sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang relatif lama dalam pengerjaannya. Sehingga pada penelitian ini akan dirancang sebuah sistem yang dapat melakukan proses pemilahan dan pemindahan barang secara otomatis berdasarkan warna. Sensor warna TCS3200 yang terpasang pada robot akan mendeteksi objek atau barang. Hasil pembacaan akan diproses pada perangkat ESP32 untuk memberikan instruksi kepada Gripper agar mencapit objek dan memberikan sinyal aktuasi kepada driver motor sehingga robot dapat bergerak sesuai dengan tempat penyimpanan benda yang sedang diangkat. Sistem ini menggunakan jalur lintasan dengan prinsip line follower yang memanfaatkan sensor garis yang terintegrasi pada robot. Pengujian dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat akurasi pembacaan sensor warna terhadap tiga jenis warna pada objek yaitu ungu, pink dan putih. Pengujian juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui ketepatan robot dalam menyimpan benda sesuai dengan tempat yang telah ditentukan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa robot mampu mendeteksi warna dengan baik dan memiliki tingkat akurasi peletakan objek sebesar 80%.
Sistem Kendali Gripper Adaptif Pada Robot Transporter
Authors: Jabbar A. Abd , Yasdar Yasdar
Published: May 2023

Dalam industri  sudah tidak asing dengan proses otomatis, hampir seluruh proses produksi dalam industri besar telah menggunakan proses otomatis. Proses produksi sering kali membutuhkan tingkat kepresisian yang tinggi dan resiko yang besar. Sedangkan manusia memiliki kelemahan dalam hal kecepatan dan kepersisian. Robot adalah alat mekanik yang bisa melakukan tugas fisik, dangan menggunakam penggawasan dan kontrol manusia. Maka tujuan penelitian ini yaitu merancang robot transporter adaftif yang dikendalikan melalui joystick wireless. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu bersifat pengembangan Research dan Develolopment (R&D). Komponen utama dari perancangan robot ini, arduino uno sebagai mikrokontroler, joystick wiriless kendalian robot, sensor FSR untuk mendeteksi tekanan benda, motor servo untuk menggerakkan gripper dan lengan robot dan motor DC untuk menggerakkan robot. Prosedur penelitian ini adalah Pengujian gripper robot transpoter dilakukan sebanyak 5 kali dengan 5 (lima) variasi bentuk lebar benda yang berbeda dalam pengujian ini, data yang diperoleh yaitu nilai analog tekanan sensor FSR dan nilai sudut servo pada gripper. Setelah dilakukan pengujian pada sistem kendali gripper adaptif pada robot transporter untuk menjepit dan memindahkan benda maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa robot transporter dapat dikendalikan dari jarak jauh dengan menggunakan joystick wirelles, kecepatan bergerak robot maju, mundur, belok kiri dan belok kanan dapat dikontrol dengan lima variasi kecepatan yang diatur pada joystick, gripper pada robot transporter akan berhenti menjepit jika nilai resistansi pada sensor FSR yang ada pada ranhang gripper mencapai nilai tekanan yang diatur program, dan jarak kontrol terjauh pada robot transporter yaitu 17 M.
Sistem Kendali Lengan Robot 4-DOF untuk Pemindah Barang
Authors: Irwan Muhammad , Y Alauddin
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai pemanfaatan teknologi khususnya pada bidang robotika untuk membantu manusia dalam pemindah barang yang pada umumnya dilakukan secara manual maka digunakanlah lengan robot yang memiliki sistem 4-DOF pada tiap lengan robotnya. Dalam pembuatan mekanik lengan robotnya menggunakan prototype. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan menguji fungsi rangkaian alat apakah sesuai yang diharapkan serta mengacu pada studi pustaka terdahulu yang telah dikumpulkan. Komponen dalam pembuatan lengan robot 4-DOF yaitu arduino uno, potensiometer, motor servo, push button, LCD I2C dan Step Down DC-DC. Data yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini berupa nilai derajat pada tiap motor servo pada saat menuju titik koordinat yang telah ditentukan baik kendali otomatis maupun kendali manual menggunakan potensiometer serta pengujian lengan robot menuju titik koordinat, mengangkat objek dan meletakkan objek pada kotak  dan juga menghitung kecepatan lengan robot saat bergerak menuju tiap titik koordinat. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lengan robot dapat bergerak ke tiap titik koordinat posisi dengan kendali secara otomatis ataupun secara manual dengan 3 (tiga) kali percobaan disetiap titik koordinatnya dengan tingkat keberhasilan 100% serta lengan robot dapat mengangkat objek di tiap titik koordinat yang dilakukan sebanyak 10 (sepuluh) kali percobaan dengan tingkat keberhasilan mencapai 99% dan membawa objek menuju kotak yang telah disediakan dengan kecepatan rata-rata tertinggi yaitu 0,033 m/s.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Keamanan Motor Dengan Pengenalan Sidik Jari Berbasis Arduino Uno
Authors: Masnur Masnur , Alam Syahirun , Muhammad Fikri Nasir
Published: May 2023

Developments in science and technology is increasing , especially in the field of electronics , many benefits can be gained from the development of the electronics but the growing technology the more criminal offenses, including theft of a motor. Of this problem, made motorcycle security system through fingerprint recognition. The system is made using a fingerprint sensor Sm630 as input to detect fingerprints of motorcycle users. This system is also supported by the kit with Arduino uno ATmega328 microcontroller as the brain to process the data from the fingerprint sensor to the LCD,  motorcycle and alarms. Of making this system, it can be concluded that, there will be only five users can access and motorcycle alarm system will turn on when there is no corresponding fingerprint sensor because the sensor attaches to will only communicate with fingerprint sensors are stored in the database .
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI E-CATERING PADA USAHA RABILA CATERING BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN NOTIFIKASI WHATSAPP GATEWAY
Authors: Saing Ferdiansyah , Alam Syahirun , Ika Nur
Published: May 2023

Rabila Catering is one of the caterers in Pinrang City as a provider of food and services for an event or party. Currently, the transaction process that occurs between the catering owner and his customers is still conventional. In addition, the freedom of customers in choosing the menu is still minimal and new customers know the existence of the Rabila Catering place, only limited to consumers in Pinrang City. The result of this research is the Design of an E-Catering Application for a Web-Based Rabila Catering Business Using Whatsapp Gateway Notifications. From applications that have been tested the system created can optimize the use of the previous system where promotions and orders can be web-based and whatsapp gateways, information whether it's menus, packages, promos and orders can be obtained from accessing the website or requesting information via whatsapp, in this way buyers can directly order without having to come to the catering location, this certainly saves costs.