bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dolomite-sepiolite interaction in Kashira and Podolsk deposits of platform part of Bashkortostan: possible biogenic origin
Authors: Mirnov R. , Nikolaev A.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the genesis of microcrystalline dolomites of the Kashira and Podolsk horizons of the Moscow stage, which are oil reservoirs in the western part of Bashkortostan. They form consistent layers of low thickness, traceable for tens of kilometers, which determines the relevance of studying the conditions of dolomite formation. Dolomites are composed of crystals 1–10 µm in size with sulfate inclusions and sepiolite admixture. Sepiolites are developed in the intercrystalline space as the finest threads and films enveloping dolomite crystals. A detailed study of sepiolites with a scanning electron microscope with experiments on partial dissolution of dolomites with acid showed an abundance of bacteriomorphs of sepiolite composition. The distribution of REE and Y in dolomites and host rocks is considered. Good convergence in REE spectra is noted for a number of dolomite samples. As a result of the conducted complex of studies, a conclusion is made about the microbial-induced formation of dolomite and sepiolite in the shallowest part of the sea basin with high salinity.
Manipulated Photoperiod Enhances Sperm Production and Quality in Male Gray Snapper Lutjanus griseus (Linnaeus, 1758): A Potential Approach for Tropical Aquaculture
Authors: Jiménez-Peralta Martha de Jesús , Contreras-Sánchez Wilfrido Miguel , Contreras-García María de Jesús , Salvadores-Baledón María Leandra
Published: December 2024

Photoperiod manipulation has been used as an alternative non-invasive method to stimulate sexual maturation in fish. It consists mainly in influencing spatially and temporally the physiological control of the animal over its reproductive period. There are few studies on the effect of photoperiod in male fish and much less for tropical climates. Because of this, the present study focused on inducing gonadic maturation in male grey snapper (Lutjanus griseus), manipulating the duration of the sexual maturation season of five months into two months; the compressed months were March to July. From the fourth week of March (12h and 30 min light), adjustments of 2.4 minutes per day were made until reaching the hours of light corresponding to the maximum estimated peak in the year (13h and 42 min light). All fish confined under artificial photoperiod had a significant response in sperm production. In addition, greater fluidity and greater sperm motility were observed, with a higher number of sperm cells than in the natural photoperiod. These results will allow extending the months of reproductive management of this species using controlled photoperiod.
Centella asiatica Nanoparticles as Potential Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors for Cognitive Decline Therapy Using the Ellman Method: an In Vitro Study
Authors: Nathania Nathania  , Selvina Cindy Kusumaningrum  , Reny I'tishom  , Feranita Kumalasari  , Ria Margiana
Published: December 2024

According to the World Health Organization (2021), cognitive impairment affects 65,6 million elderly people worldwide. Decreased cognitive function in the elderly is caused by neurocognitive changes and inflammation in nerve cells that can interfere with quality of life. Pegagan extract is known to have neuroprotective potential through the active compounds contained in it. An effective drug delivery system is needed so that the active compounds of the drug act as neuroprotective agents through the apoptosis signal inhibition pathway that can cross the blood brain barier (BBB) at adequate concentrations to provide neuroactive effects that support the potential use of this extract as neurotherapy. In this case, pEG-400 was chosen as the drug delivery system. This research was conducted at Universitas Airlangga by covering several stages of testing, namely the GC-MS test to identify active compounds in pegagan extract, tryptamine, γ-sitosterol and β-sitosterol which play a role in improving cognitive function. Synthesis shows that the 1:100 formulation between pegagan extract and pEG-400 produces ideal-sized nanoparticles (5-7 nm), which are optimal for penetrating the BBB. PSA and SEM tests support these results by showing homogeneous particle morphology and consistent chemical composition. High in vitro Ellman's reagent inhibition test with 97.63% effectiveness indicates that the 1:100 formulation is effective as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. The 1:1 and 1:100 formulations are very effective in acting as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. This study shows that the combination of pEG-400 and pegagan extract has great potential as an innovative pharmacological therapy for such cases, but further research is needed to ensure the right dosage and development of research results.
GENERALIZED GAMMA REGRESSION FOR ANALYZING ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION SURVIVABILITY
Authors: Murti Fadhaa Aditya Kautsar
Published: December 2024

Alcohol consumption remains a public health problem, affecting various organ systems. Its impact can be detrimental to adolescents, leading to disturbed social and economic development. Gender differences exist, with male adolescents being more affected. This research aims to understand alcohol consumption among male adolescents in Indonesia. This study used pseudo longitudinal data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) and employed a survival analysis method using the generalized gamma approach. A total of 12,373 (weighted) adolescents were analyzed, with 4,573 of them classified as events. A Time Ratio (TR) was reported. Smoking was identified as the most substantial variable, shortening the survivability of alcohol consumption by 19%. Additionally, living in rural areas, having tried drugs, and having had sex were identified as risk factors, while education level and mobile phone ownership were protective factors. Risk behaviors shorten alcohol consumption survival among adolescents. Cross-sectoral interventions and comprehensive counseling are essential for effective prevention.
INDEKS KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP ASPEK KUALITAS PELAYANAN PADA PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN BIDANG EKONOMI (STUDI KASUS PT JORONG BARUTAMA GRESTON KECAMATAN JORONG KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT)
Authors: Hermawan Syahrudi , Hanafie Usamah , Abdurrahman Abdurrahman
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini: Untuk mengetahui Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat yang mencakup Analisis kesenjangan/kesesuaian, dan analisis kuadran terhadap aspek kualitas pelayanan program pemberdayaan ekonomi CSR PT Jorong Barutama Greston. Serta untuk mengetahui kebutuhan/harapan masyarakat terhadap program pemberdayaan ekonomi CSR PT Jorong Barutama Greston. Penelitian dilaksankan di Kecamatan Jorong Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Dimulai bulan Mei sampai Desember 2017. Menggunakan metode survei dengan populasinya masyarakat penerima bantuan CSR yaitu program pengolahan ikan, pupuk bokashi, budidaya perikanan, perkebunan pisang,dan peternakan ayam yang diambil masing-masing bidang diambil dengan teknik penarikan contoh acak berkelompok yaitu mengambil secara acak proporsional berdasarkan kelompok pada setiap program, sehingga jumlah keseluruhan masyarakat yang menjadi sampel adalah 30 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan masyarakat menilai tingkat kepuasan terhadap kinerja 24 atribut, skor rata-ratanya sebesar 3,14 (Kategori cukup puas: 2,60-3,39). Sedangkan skor rata-rata tingkat kepentingannya, sebesar 4,20 (Kategori sangat penting: 4,20-5,00). Serta skor indeks kepuasan masyarakat (IKM) adalah 0,63 dengan kriteria “cukup puas” (kriteria cukup puas: 0,51-0,65). Harapan masyarakat pada program ini adalah pada program pengolahan hasil perikanan yaitu masyarakat berharap dibantu alat simpan Frezer yang cukup besar agar mampu menampung ikan lebih banyak saat musim ikan. Pada peternakan ayam, kesamaan perlakuan mendapatkan bantuan seperti peralatan sarana produksi kepada seluruh anggota kelompok. Budidaya perikanan, manfaat berupa meningkatnya pendapatan petani dirasa masih belum sesuai harapan, karena terkendala pemasaran hasil perikanan terutama di Desa Karang Rejo. Masyarakat berharap perusahaan membantu pemasaran maupun menyerap sendiri hasil perikanan. Perkebunan pisang, manfaat berupa meningkatnya pendapatan petani dirasa masih belum sesuai harapan karena masih minimnya pendapatan dari perkebuanan pisang. Pisang baru menghasilkan apabila usianya telah 1 tahun lebih. Untuk mengatasi kendala itu masyarakat menyarankan tumpang sari. Pembuatan pupuk bokashi, masyarakat ingin bisa mengetahui anggaran pembinaan. Dengan diketahuinya anggaran, masyarakat dapat melakukan perencanaan dan pengembangan yang lebih baik dangan mempertimbangkan alokasi anggaran.Kata kunci: indeks kepuasan masyarakat, CSR pemberdayaan, analisis tingkat kinerja kepentingan, analisis tingkat kesesuaian, analisis kuadran.
ANALISIS USAHATANI NANAS (Ananas comosus (L). Merr.) DI KECAMATAN MEKARSARI KABUPATEN BARITO KUALA
Authors: Wahyudi Muhammad , Aid Artahnan , Abdussamad Abdussamad
Published: December 2024

Kecamatan Mekarsari merupakan produksi nanas terbesar di Kalimantan Selatan, yaitu memiliki luas panen sebesar 382 ha dengan total produksi 1.527,7 ton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara budidaya tanaman nanas, biaya yang dikeluarkan, penerimaan, pendapatan dan keuntungan serta mengetahui tingkat kelayakan usahatani nanas di Kecamatan Mekarsari Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Penelitan ini dilakasanakan di Kecamatan Mekarsari mulai dari bulan April hingga Agustus 2018. Adapun pemilihan Desa dalam penelitian ini adalah tiga Desa yang merupakan sentra produksi buah nanas yaitu Desa Mekarsari, Tinggiran darat, dan Jelapat 2. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 30 0rang petani nanas, diambil dengan menggunakan cara metode proportionated random sampling. Rata-rata total biaya usahatani nanas sebesar Rp62.056.283,33 per usahatani dan Rp53.961.985,51 per hektar. Rata-rata penerimaan usahatani nanas adalah sebesar Rp162.600.000,00 per usahatani dan Rp141.391.304,35 per hektar. Rata-rata pendapatan usahatani nanas adalah sebesar Rp139.893.383,33 per usahatani dan Rp121.646.420,29 per hektar. Sedangkan rata-rata keuntungan usahatani nanas adalah sebesar Rp100.543.716,67 per usahatani dan Rp87.429.318,84 per hektar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian usahatani nanas layak di usahakan, karena nilai rata-rata profit rate 1,62% > 0,35% inflation rate.Kata kunci: analisis, biaya, produksi, keuntungan
TINGKAT DAN PENDUGAAN PENJUALAN KUE BOLU PADA INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA (IRT) HJ. ENONG BAKERY
Authors: Faried Muhammad Miftah , Yanti Nuri Dewi , Rahmawati Emy
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keadaan usaha, menganalisis tingkat dan pendugaan penjualan, mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang dihadapi pada industri rumah tangga (IRT) Hj. Enong Bakery. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2018 di rumah produksi dan penjualan Hj. Enong Bakery Martapura Kabupaten Banjar. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Alat yang dipakai untuk mengetahui keadaan dan permasalahan usaha adalah dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Sedangkan untuk menganalisis tingkat dan pendugaan penjualan usaha menggunakan analisis regresi dengan tipe regresi linier sederhana menggunakan metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS) dengan model Log – Lin. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian mengenai keadaan usaha IRT Hj. Enong Bakery, diketahui jika usaha ini mempunyai ketersediaan modal yang lancar dalam mendirikan usaha, lokasi usaha yang strategis, pengadaan bahan yang cukup mendukung, tersedianya sarana dan prasarana kerja selama kegiatan produksi, kegiatan produksi yang berjalan setiap hari dalam memenuhi permintaan, tenaga kerja yang terorganisir, serta pemasaran yang berjalan lancar dalam memasarkan kue. Berdasarkan analisis OLS dengan model Log – Lin, didapatkan hasil jika penambahan satu-satuan waktu (bulan) maka akan terjadi pertumbuhan penjualan sebesar 1,2 %. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian mengenai permasalahan yang dihadapi usaha ini adalah keterlambatan pasokan Selai Welco dan kotak kemasan kue bolu.Kata Kunci: tingkat, pendugaan, penjualan kue bolu
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Petani dalam Proses Budidaya Tanaman Timun Suri di Kecamatan Banua Lawas Kabupaten Tabalong
Authors: Sakdah Paulina , Santoso Djoko , Wilda Kamiliah
Published: December 2024

Timun suri atau buah belungka batu biasanya banyak dikenal oleh masyarakat Indonesia salah satunya di Kalimantan Selatan. Khususnya masyarakat di daerah Kecamatan Banua Lawas biasa menyebutnya dengan buah belungka banar. Buah timun suri merupakan buah non climatoric atau bukan buah musiman, artinya buah timun suri bisa dinikmati kapan saja dan ditanam kapan saja, tidak tergantung musim asalkan pada saat penanaman sesuai dengan syarat tumbuhnya. Namun pada kenyataannya kebanyakan petani hanya menanam timun suri pada saat menjelang bulan suci ramadhan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi keputusan petani menanam timun suri, mengetahui mengapa petani menanam timun suri menjelang bulan ramadhan serta mengetahui proses pengambilan keputusan petani dalam budidaya timun suri. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Desember 2017 sampai bulan Agustus 2018 di Kecamatan Banua Lawas Kabupaten Tabalong. Pemilihan lokasi dilakukan secara sengaja. Sampel sebanyak 20 orang petani dengan menggunakan metode Multistage random sampling (pengambilan sampel secara bertahap). Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dengan alat statistika sederhana yaitu tabulasi silang, uji chi kuadrat dan modus. Berdasarkan hasil uji chi kuadrat diketahui terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan petani dengan keputusan petani menanam timun suri pada saat menjelang bulan ramadhan.Kata kunci: timun suri, tingkat permintaan, religi, analisis deskriptif, chi kuadrat
Analisis Efisiensi Pemasaran Jeruk Siam di Desa Mahang Sungai Hanyar Kecamatan Pandawan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah
Authors: Hidayah Rahmah , Husaini Muhammad , Salawati Umi
Published: December 2024

Jeruk siam merupakan jenis jeruk yang cukup banyak mendapat perhatian dibandingkan dengan jenis jeruk yang lain. Desa Mahang Sungai Hanyar merupakan salah satu desa dengan produksi jeruk siam tertinggi diantara desa yang lain di Kecamatan Pandawan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah. Salah satu aspek yang berperan penting dalam usahatani jeruk siam yaitu pemasaran. Dalam pemasaran jeruk siam yang perlu diperhatikan yaitu efisiensi, selain hal tersebut dalam pemasaran jeruk juga banyak pihak yang terlibat sehingga membentuk saluran pemasaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui saluran pemasaran, lembaga pemasaran yang terlibat, fungsi pemasaran, margin pemasaran, farmer’s share, rasio keuntungan dan efisiensi pemasaran. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dengan cara wawancara dengan 30 responden dan kepada lembaga pemasaran yang terlibat menggunakan snowball sampling sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari Dinas Instansi terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa saluran pemasaran terdiri dari 6 saluran yang terbentuk (petani pedagang keliling– konsumen, petani pasar desa-konsumen, petani – pedagang pengecer – konsumen pasar desa, petani – pedagang pengecer – konsumen pasar barabai, petani – pedagang besar – pedagang pengecer – konsumen, dan petani – pedagang pengumpul, pedagang pengecer– konsumen). Saluran yang paling banyak dipilih oleh petani adalah saluran II dengan presentase 42,86%. Lembaga pemasaran yang terlibat yaitu petani, pedagang besar, pengumpul dan pengecer. Fungsi pemasaran yaitu fungsi pertukaran (penjualan dan pembelian), fungsi fisik (sortasi, penyusutan, pertukaran, dan pengepakkan) dan fungsi fasilitas (retribusi dan penanggungan resiko). Saluran pemasaran yang efisien berdasarkan analisis margin, farmer’s share dan rasio keuntungan yaitu saluran IIA dengan nilai margin sebesar Rp.2.629/kg, farmer’s share sebesar 72%, dan rasio keuntungan sebesar 2,17%.Kata kunci : saluran pemasaran, margin, efisiensi pemasaran
Persepsi Petani terhadap Penggunaan Pupuk Organik dan Pemupukan Berimbang pada Tanaman Padi Gogo di Desa Artain, Kecamatan Aranio, Kabupaten Banjar
Authors: Wahyudi Muhammad Isfan , Azis Yusuf , Hanafie Usamah
Published: December 2024

Abstrak. Desa Artain adalah desa yang terletak di Kecamatan Aranio dengan luas wilayah 70,00 km2 (7.000 ha). Dari data Desa Artain yang paling luas lahannya adalah tanaman padi gogo sebesar 250 ha dibandingkan lahan pertanian yang lain. Namun produktivitas padi gogo di Desa Artain masih rendah yang pertama disebabkan oleh kurangnya minat petani dalam menggunakan pupuk organik. Penyebab yang kedua yaitu petani kurang berminat untuk melakukan pemupukan berimbang pada tanaman padi gogo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Artain selama lebih kurang enam bulan dari bulan Februari sampai dengan bulan Juli 2018. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode simple random sampling, yaitu sebanyak 34 petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada 2 persepsi petani yaitu : persepsi petani terhadap pupuk organik pada tanaman padi gogo tergolong sangat buruk dan persepsi petani terhadap pemupukan berimbang tergolong buruk. Oleh karena itu, ditingkatkan untuk dilakukan penyuluhan atau pelatihan tentang pupuk organik dan pemupukan berimbang. Kata kunci: petani, tanaman padi gogo, persepsi, pupuk organik, pemupukan berimbang
Kinerja Penyuluh Pertanian dalam Pemberdayaan Mayarakat Tani di Kabupaten Banjar
Authors: Prahesti Isnani , Abdussamad Abdussamad , Firmansyah Hairi
Published: December 2024

Kinerja penyuluh pertanian adalah produktivitas dan tatanan kerja yang tersusun secara teratur dan terukur dalam kegiatan penyuluhan. Pemberdayaan dapat diartikan sebagai upaya peningkatan kemampuan masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi, bernegosiasi, mempengaruhi dan mengendalikan kelembagaan masyarakat demi perbaikan kehidupannya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Banjar Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat kinerja penyuluh pertanian dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat di Kabupaten Banjar, mengetahui hubungan antara faktor-faktor internal (lama waktu penyuluh bertugas di lapangan/kelompok tani, pendidikan formal penyuluh dan jarak tempat tinggal penyuluh) dengan kinerja penyuluh pertanian dan mengetahui permasalahan yang dihadapi penyuluh pertanian di Kabupaten Banjar. Data yang digunakan meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 orang penyuluh pertanian, dan 30 ketua kelompok tani yang diambil dari 3 Kecamatan di wilayah kerja penyuluh pertanian untuk diwawancarai. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tingkat kinerja penyuluh pertanian dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat tani adalah sebesar 78,57 % dan tergolong pada kategori sedang. Hasil perhitungan dari hubungan faktor-faktor internal (lama waktu penyuluh bertugas di lapangan/kelompok tani, pendidikan formal penyuluh dan jarak tempat tinggal penyuluh) dengan kinerja penyuluh pertanian didapatkan hasil bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara faktor internal dengan kinerja penyuluh pertanian. Permasalahan/kendala yang dihadapi penyuluh, sebagian dari petani dan keluarganya yang belum mau untuk berinovasi dan mengubah pola fikir mereka untuk mencoba hal yang baru dalam bidang penanaman padi terutama padi unggul. Karena bagi masyarakat tani Kabupaten Banjar padi varietas unggul tidak dapat bertahan lama kalau kondisi lahan terendam. Sedangkan di beberapa kecamatan, lahan penanaman padinya sering terendam terutama saat musim hujan.Kata kunci: kinerja, penyuluh pertanian, pemberdayaan masyarakat tani, faktor-faktor internal
ANALISIS USAHA PENGOLAHAN SUSU KAMBING DI DESA PEMATANG DANAU, KECAMATAN MATARAMAN, KABUPATEN BANJAR (Studi Kasus Usaha Merk Marasuka)
Authors: Reynadie Ryad , Wilda Kamiliah , Rifiana Rifiana
Published: December 2024

Industri pengolahan merupakan suatu kegiatan ekonomi yang melakukan kegiatan mengubah barang dasar menjadi barang jadi atau setengah jadi dan atau barang yang kurang nilainya menjadi barang yang lebih tinggi nilainya. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada usaha pengolahan susu kambing di Desa Pematang Danau Kecamatan Mataraman yang dimulai dari bulan Desember 2018 sampai dengan April 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukan produk susu olahan merk Marasuka yaitu susu bubuk, susu varian rasa dan yoghurt. Proses pengolahannya masih manual, menggunakan tenaga kerja manusia. Peralatan untuk pengolahan produk susu merk Marasuka masih sederhana. Biaya total usaha pengolahan susu kambing selama Bulan Februari 2019 untuk tiga jenis produk adalah sebesar Rp 2.499.899,78 dengan penerimaan total sebesar Rp 3.300.000,00, maka keuntungan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp 800.100,22 serta nilai tambahnya sebesar Rp 36.374,20. Kata kunci: analisis pengolahan, susu kambing, nilai tambah.
ANALISIS USAHATANI PADI SAWAH VARIETAS LOKAL DAN VARIETAS UNGGUL DI KECAMATAN MARTAPURA BARAT, KABUPATEN BANJAR
Authors: Hafiz Muhammad , Hidayat Taufik , Yanti Nuri Dewi
Published: December 2024

Padi merupakan tanaman pertama yang hingga saat ini menjadi tanaman utama di dunia terutama di Indonesia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangan. Di Kecamatan Martapura Barat tepatnya di Desa Keliling Banteng Ulu petani yang menanam padi varietas unggul lebih banyak daripada menanam padi varietas lokal sedangkan di Desa Penggalaman petani yang menanam padi varietas lokal lebih banyak daripada menanam padi varietas unggul. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu mengetahui struktur biaya dan pendapatan usahatani padi sawah dan mengetahui kelayakan usahatani varietas lokal dan varietas unggul. Metode sebagai pengambilan sampel ialah menggunakan metode random sampling, yaitu 30 orang petani padi lokal dan 30 petani padi unggul. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa rata-rata produksi padi lokal sejumlah 2.717 kg dengan rata-rata dari luas lahan yaitu 0,97 ha, dan produktivitas padi lokal adalah sebesar 2.792 kg/ha dijual dengan harga Rp 6000/kg sedangkan produksi padi varietas unggul adalah sebesar 3.465 kg dengan luas lahan yaitu 1,025 ha, dan produktivitas padi unggul adalah  3.380 kg/ha dengan harga jual sebesar Rp 5000/kg. Rata-rata biaya total padi varietas lokal sebesar Rp 13.287.275/UT atau Rp 13.698.221/ha sedangkan untuk rata-rata biaya total padi varietas unggul adalah senilai Rp 16.175.459/UT atau Rp 15.780.936/ha. Penerimaan padi lokal sebesar Rp 16.255.833/UT atau Rp 16.758.591/ha sedangkan untuk padi unggul penerimaan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp 17.874.333/UT atau Rp 17.438.374/ha. Rata-rata dari tingkat pendapatan padi lokal yang dihasilkan sebesar Rp 11.011.528/UT atau Rp 11.352.092/ha sedangkan rata-rata pendapatan padi unggul yaitu sebesar Rp 10.709.248/UT atau Rp 10.448.047/ha. Usahatani kedua varietas padi lokal dan padi unggul layak diusahakan dengan nilai RCR untuk varietas lokal yaitu sebesar 1,22 dan untuk nilai RCR padi unggul adalah sebesar 1,11.Kata kunci: analisis usahatani, total biaya, penerimaan, pendapatan, kelayakan
Kontribusi Pendapatan Usahatani Padi Sawah terhadap Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Petani Daerah Sub Urban di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Selatan Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Jihan Jihan , Radiah Eka , Santoso Djoko
Published: December 2024

Padi memiliki pokok peranan sebagai pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan utama yang tiap  tahunnya meningkat  diakibatkan dari pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk serta berkembangnya industri pakan dan pangan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari berusahatani padi hanya mampu bertahan selama beberapa bulan. Bagi keluarga petani yang sebagian pendapatannya berasal dari luar usahatani, maka untuk mengetahui keberhasilan usahataninya harus dipisahkan antara pendapatan yang didapat dari usahatani dengan pendapatan dari luar usahatani. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui biaya, penerimaan dan pendapatan usahatani padi serta pendapatan non usahatani, mengetahui kontribusi pendapatan usahatani terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani, dan mengetahui masalah yang dihadapi dalam penyelenggaraan usahatani padi pada daerah perkotaan. Data yang digunakan meliputi data sekunder dan primer. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan 2 tahap (two stages cluster sampling) dan jumlah sampel diambil  sebanyak 30 sampel. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis biaya, penerimaan dan pendapatan usahatani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total biaya yg dikeluarkan untuk usahatani rata-rata sebesar Rp 17.375.000/thn. Rata-rata pendapatan usahatani yang didapat sebesar Rp 12.523.923/tahun. Pendapatan rata-rata non usahatani Rp5.189.379/tahun. Kontriibusi pendapatan usahatani padi terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani di Kelurahan Mantuil dan Kelayan Selatan sebesar 72,74% sedangkan kontribusi pendapatan non usahatani hanya 27,26%. Permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah hama penyakit yang menyerang tanaman padi dikarenakan area sawah yang dekat dengan sungai (35%), terbatasnya modal untuk usahatani (40%), kurangnya kemampuan petani dalam melengkapi administrasi untuk bantuan kredit modal 10%), dan harga jual hasil gabah yang tidak menentu tiap tahun (15%).
DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MODEL IN THE FIELD OF ATOMIC ENERGY AS A TOOL OF SUPPORT IN DECISION-MAKING
Authors: Dzerun Maksym , Ovdiienko Iurii
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on developing and applying an artificial intelligence (AI) model in the field of nuclear energy, emphasizing its importance as a decision-making support tool. The current state of AI in nuclear energy is discussed, with a special focus on the creation of a proprietary classification model.
The article outlines the main stages of AI model development and its practical application for classifying events at nuclear power plants. It utilizes machine learning technology and natural language processing to develop the model. The significance and innovative approach of using AI in nuclear energy are emphasized, considering its potential in enhancing the efficiency of processes at nuclear power plants.
Results demonstrate the high efficiency (accuracy) of the developed AI model during testing for event classification. The current era of digital transformation and rapid technological development highlights the increasing importance of AI as a tool in various sectors.
Additionally, the article covers the international promotion of AI in nuclear energy, particularly by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). It details the efforts of these organizations in exploring the application of AI technology in nuclear technologies and regulatory activities, emphasizing safe AI use and developing strategic plans for AI applications.
In conclusion, the article suggests the model's potential application in investigating nuclear power plant events, that can be used for classifying by categories, root causes, corrective actions etc. The article concludes that while AI is a modern technology finding application in various fields including nuclear energy, it cannot fully replace human involvement in the nuclear sector. However, AI combination with human input can improve the efficiency and safety of processes at nuclear power plants.
Чинники впливу на ефективність мультимедійного навчального видання
Authors: Молчанова Анна Дмитрівна , Скиба Василь Миколайович
Published: December 2024

Популярність мультимедійних навчальних видань пояснюється здатністю поєднувати текстову інформацію, зображення, аудіо, відео та інтерактивні елементи, що збагачує навчальний досвід. Проте ефективність таких видань залежить від багатьох чинників, і саме їх дослідження стало основною метою цієї роботи.
Однією з головних задач було зрозуміти, які чинники найбільше впливають на ефективність мультимедійних видань. Для цього проаналізовано попередні дослідження, проведено патентний пошук, щоб визначити новітні тенденції в цій галузі, та здійснено опитування експертів. Встановлено, що такі параметри як доступність, відповідність контенту вимогам та інтерактивність є пріоритетними складниками, що визначають ефективність мультимедійних навчальних матеріалів.
Наприклад, доступність є критично важливою для забезпечення рівного доступу до освітніх ресурсів для всіх користувачів, включаючи людей з особливими потребами. Інтерактивність, своєю чергою, сприяє глибшому залученню учнів та студентів до навчального процесу, роблячи його цікавим та ефективним.
Результати досліджень також показали, що інновації у сфері мультимедійного навчання мають великий потенціал для покращення освітніх результатів. Зокрема, значне зростання кількості патентів у галузі інтерактивних технологій, доповненої та віртуальної реальності свідчить про те, що ці напрями активно розвиваються і можуть суттєво вплинути на якість навчання.
Отже, це дослідження дозволило розробити рекомендації щодо покращення ефективності мультимедійних навчальних видань. Вони можуть бути корисними для видавців та творців контенту, допомагаючи їм адаптувати свої матеріали до потреб сучасної аудиторії та забезпечити високу якість освітніх ресурсів. Це, своєю чергою, сприятиме покращенню загальної якості навчального процесу та підвищенню рівня знань студентів.
Advanced ceramic materials for electrolytes and electrodes in reversible solid oxide cells
Authors: Kopras Panagiotis , Tsanaktsidis Constantinos , Kiratzis Nikolas
Published: December 2024

Manmade climate change caused by the burning of fossil fuels has created the need for an energy transition to renewable energy sources. Reversible solid oxide cell (rSOC) technologies can play an important role in this transition, as they offer the potential to produce and store energy on demand. Current challenges are associated with cost, durability, material stability, and low round-trip efficiency. These challenges can be addressed through the prudent selection and fabrication of ceramic cell materials. After decades of research, a lot of significant achievements and progress have been made in addressing the major challenges, including lowering the operating temperatures to <500°C, mass-producing cells with high uniform quality that exhibit high initial performance and low degradation rates, and developing fuel electrodes with high resistance to carbon deposition and tolerance to material and fuel impurities. According to the composition and requirements of each component of an rSOC, this review summarizes the research progress based on ceramic materials and discusses the merits and demerits of current cell materials, along with necessary fabrication approaches in order to achieve suitable electrochemical performance in line with these advancements.
Take time to “paws”: a quality improvement project utilizing facility dogs for staff support
Authors: Reed Brittany , Sellers Janet , Russell Kimberly , Russell Kathryn , Heidelberg R. Elyse
Published: December 2024

Supporting the resilience and well-being of frontline nursing staff and medical professionals is critically important. This quality improvement project aimed to assess the impact of facility dog visits on the well-being of frontline nursing staff and medical professionals, both individually and at the unit level. Over three months, facility dogs, their handlers, and members of the staff resilience team visited outpatient and inpatient nursing areas, engaging staff in brief interactions. Surveys were administered to participants before visit (pre-visit), immediately after visits, and post-visit. These surveys assessed demographic information, individual mood, and perceived unit mood. Response to the visits was captured through immediate and post-visit surveys, while burnout was evaluated in pre- and post-visit surveys. Open-ended comments were also elicited from respondents. Overall, 87 unit visits were conducted, involving over 500 hematology or oncology frontline healthcare professionals, and 792 surveys were completed across three timepoints. Most respondents identified as inpatient nurses. Immediately following facility dog visits, more than 90% of respondents reported improved individual and unit mood, and over 70% reported sustained improvements in unit mood in the post-visit survey. Respondents’ comments reinforced the benefits of facility dog visits for staff wellness and resilience. Facility dog visits promote the well-being of pediatric hematology/oncology nurses, both individually and at the unit level, and should be scheduled regularly and frequently. This project highlights the importance of supporting the well-being of healthcare professionals and is relevant for individual healthcare professionals, the institutions they serve, and the patients under their care.
Purging Autologous HSCs via Detection of Clonal Mutations
Authors: Renteln Michael
Published: December 2024

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplants are usually used in cases where patients have active cancerous illness in their bone marrow, but allogeneic transplants can cause graft vs. host disease. If autologous HSCs could be purged of cancer cells, they could then be used for transplantation purposes without concern. A novel method of purging is discussed herein that does not require chemotherapy and is targeted for each patient. It could be applied either in vitroor in vivo.
Resilience and Emotional Intelligence Levels in Military Personnel of the Spanish Army According to Marital Status
Authors: Soriano-Sánchez José Gabriel
Published: December 2024

Background: Currently, the relationship between resilience and emotional intelligence and its influence on military personnel has become an object of research in recent years, since today's combatant faces significant physical and psychological challenges. Therefore, the general objective of this study was to analyze the psychological variables resilience and emotional intelligence in military personnel of the Spanish Army and their relationship as a function of civilian status. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. The sample consisted of 739 military personnel (officers, non-commissioned officers and troops), with a mean age of 33.29 years (SD = 7.48) (where 87.7% were men and 12.3% women) who filled in the ad hoc questionnaire on soci-odemographic variables and the Resilience Scale (RS) and the Emotional Intelligence Inventory (EQ-i-M20). Results: The results showed the existence of positive relationships between resilience and emotional intelligence. No differences were reported between resilience and emotional in-telligence between men and women, but there were differences with respect to marital status, with Spanish Army military personnel with a married marital status having lower levels of resilience and emotional intelligence than those who were single, married or divorced. In addition, the regression model showed the direct effect of resilience on emotional intelligence. Conclusion: In conclusion, we recommend the design of intervention programs in resilience and emotional in-telligence in military personnel in general given their advantages. In military personnel with widowed marital status, so that they are provided with the resources and psychological strategies to successfully face adverse situations and present greater well-being.
Variations of Large Language Models: An Overview
Authors: Rahman Md Shoaibur , Borera Eddy
Published: December 2024

Large Language Models (LLMs) have introduced a paradigm shift in how computers understand and generate language, elevating artificial intelligence to unprecedented levels. These powerful models, anchored in the Transformer architecture, demonstrate unparalleled proficiency in tasks like text interpretation and generation. This review delineates LLMs into three predominant categories: Interpretive AI (iAI) for contextual understanding, Generative AI (gAI) for text generation, and Transformative AI (tAI) that combines both capabilities. We delve into their mechanisms, diverse applications, and the ethical challenges they introduce. By tracing their evolutionary journey, we provide insights into the rapid progression of linguistic technology and speculate on its future trajectory. As LLMs gain traction, a balanced understanding of their advantages and inherent challenges becomes paramount. This report presents a comprehensive overview of LLMs, highlighting their significance and implications for the future of AI.
Perceptions and Attitudes Toward Obesity of Bulgarian Adults with a BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 – An Exploratory Study
Authors: Boyanov Mihail Angelov , Grigorova Margarita Boeva , Karteva-Stoycheva Anna Todorova , Atanasova Todorka Kancheva , Nikolova Maria Georgieva
Published: December 2024

Background: Obesity is affecting 33.2% of the adult Bulgarians. Scarce information is available about the affected people’s attitudes toward their weight condition. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions about obesity of affected adults. Methods: This was a home-based, tablet assisted, face-to-face interview. It included people aged 25-64 y/o with a BMI > 25.0 kg/m2. Results: Overall 704 respondents participated (344 overweight; 360 with obesity). >50% of them reported attempts to reduce their overweight. Only 6% in the overweight group and 16% in the obese group perceived their condition as worrisome. One third of the obese people considered their state as temporary. The alarm for being overweight / obese was the worsening overall physical condition in males, and the growing size of clothes females. A need for urgent reduction of body weight was perceived by 12% of the overweight and 40% of the obese respondents. The reasons for being overweight were rated as lack of physical activity (checked by 52%), sedentary lifestyle (51%), stress/depression (41%), excessive consummation of carbohydrates (34%), overconsump-tion generally (33%), poor quality of food products (28%). Fifty-six % of the respondents had first consulted a medical doctor about overweight. Most respondents selected diet without physical activity for weight reduction. Forty-eight percent would try drugs approved for weight reduction. Conclusion: Many people with overweight / obesity had unreal self-perception and a very low motivation for taking active measures. These discrepancies offer great opportunities for better public education and structured active strategies.
Urban Arterial Lane Width versus Speed and Crash Rates: A Comprehensive Study of Road Safety
Authors: Azin Bahar , Ewing Reid , Yang Wookjae , Promy Noshin Siara , Kalantari Hannaneh Abdollahzadeh , Tabassum and Nawshin
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the relationship among lane width, velocity, and accident rates to enhance understanding their impact on road safety and transportation. Analysis of data from 320 urban arterial sections in Utah indicated that narrower lane widths can improve road safety. Reduced vehicle speeds were related to narrower lanes on urban arterials, which did not result in increased collision rates. Reducing one foot in lane width led to an average speed decrease exceeding one mph. Additional factors influencing speed on urban arterials encompass the number of lanes, the existence of medians, on-street parking, roadside obstructions, and block length. Safety modeling indicated no clear correlation between lane width and total crash frequency per mile. Injury crash rates positively correlated with lane width and speed, suggesting that broader lanes and elevated speeds augment the probability of injury crashes. Additional critical elements affecting crash statistics comprised the number of lanes and the Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) per lane (in thousands). The study endorses the reduction of lane widths as a viable approach to augment road safety and boost urban transportation infrastructure. The results provide essential direction for policymakers and transportation authorities aiming to enhance road safety and efficiency.
Relict Majorana Fermion Is a Candidate on Dark Matter Particle
Authors: Sbitnev Valeriy
Published: December 2024

Lorentz gauge, cutting arbitrary scalar fields out from the energy-momentum density tensor, opens a door to the invisible world of dark energy and dark matter. This path leads to the coupled Dirac equations on the mass shell, solutions of which are those of the Majorana fermions. From the other side, the Lambda + cold dark matter paradigm is a main step leading to getting the Majorana fermion mass. Three key parameters are involved in the formula for computing the mass. They are the critical density distribution of dark matter, the Planck constant, and the temperature of the cosmic microwave radiation. The mass calculated to be equal to about 0.04 eV is in good agreement with the masses measured for neutrino. The formula represents itself as the five-degree root from the above key parameters. It opens the existence of three Majorana fermion generations. These generations form wave modes that lead to the appearance of the Bose-Einstein condensate in this dark matter. For that reason, the baryon matter does not experience resistance when it is rotating in this dark superfluid medium. Orbital speeds of rotating about the galaxy core of its arms show the flat profile.
Clinical Care Delivery in Chest Pain Patients Without an Acute Coronary Syndrome—A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Alrefaee Anas , Eltawansy Sherif , Alshami Abbas , Udongwo Ndausung , Ayob George , Selan Jeffrey
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Chest pain is a common complaint among emergency department patients (ED), and various diagnostic tests have been developed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of identifying the underlying causes of chest pain. However, healthcare systems might not adhere to the guideline-validated clinical pathways and instead order repeat diagnostic testing, resulting in patient disposition delays and increased healthcare costs. This study evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness of care delivered to chest pain patients in our tertiary medical center.

Methods
We performed a retrospective chart review of patients presenting to our ED with acute chest pain between November and December 2022, collecting information about patients' acute chest pain, the testing they received, and their outcomes. The data was then reviewed to determine clinical practice patterns in this cohort of patients.

Results
342 patients were included according to the study criteria, with a mean age of 54 years; 54.7% of study participants were females. Patients who were eventually admitted from the ED were (46.5%, n=159), either under observation or inpatient status. Furthermore, 16.6% n=57 of patients had an ischemic evaluation within the preceding year. Physicians documented a HEART score in 24.6%, n=84 of the patients. While HEART score is a considerable factor utilized by admitting physicians to triage incoming patients, (39%, n=62) of all admitted patients had a low HEART score (< 3) and a negative ischemic evaluation within the past year. Admitted patients who underwent an inpatient ischemic workup were 51.6 %, n=82, including stress testing, the most commonly used modality (69.5%, n=58). Patients who underwent stress testing with a normal result were 98%. n=56.

Conclusion
The study demonstrated that the HEART score was documented in only ¼ of patients admitted from the emergency room with chest pain. Besides, ischemic testing was often repeated despite recent testing within the past year. It also found that inpatient non-invasive ischemic testing in non-ACS chest pain patients is typically negative and thus would be unlikely to change their clinical course.
Promoting Mental Health through Campus Landscape Design: Insights from New Zealand Universities
Authors: He Yuqing , Bowring Jacky , Lawson Gillian
Published: December 2024

Mental health challenges among university students and staff are a pressing concern globally and in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Despite adopting frameworks like the Okanagan Charter to promote health and well-being, there is a lack of empirical research on how campus landscapes contribute to mental health promotion. This study investigates the role of campus landscapes in supporting relaxation and internal recovery through everyday activities. We conducted a comparative multi-case study involving 66 participants from the University of Auckland, Lincoln University, and the University of Otago, exploring how they use and prefer campus landscapes for relaxation. Our findings show that 'enjoying nature' is the most preferred relaxation activity, with participants engaging both actively and passively with various spaces such as gardens, open lawns, and forested areas. Additionally, in campus settings, the proximity of relaxation spaces turned out to be more important than design quality because of the limited time during working hours, which points to the importance of thoughtful campus planning. The study also found that university staff are often overlooked in discussions about healthy universities, despite their significant role in the campus setting. Overall, this study highlights the importance of biophilic design principles in creating health-promoting campus environments and offers insights for integrating natural elements into campus planning to enhance mental health and well-being.
Diabetes Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Kurbanov Ashin , Isaev Ruslan , Gimaletdinova Gulnaz
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes machine learning methods for predicting diabetes using clinical data. The study focuses on four models: Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Gradient Boosting, and XGBoost. Patient data, including age, gender, blood glucose levels, and body mass index, were used to evaluate the accuracy of these models. Data preprocessing techniques such as scaling and normalization were applied to improve results. The findings reveal that ensemble methods like Gradient Boosting and XGBoost outperform traditional models in prediction accuracy. These machine learning approaches not only enhance prediction but also identify key risk factors, aiding in early diagnosis and timely prevention of diabetes.
Characterization of the Laser Textured Surfaces of Parts from Arbofill Fichte
Authors: Rusu (Ostahie) Petronela-Daniela , Bialas Oktawian , Wozniak Anna , Adamiak Marcin , Tampu Catalin , Mazurchevici Simona-Nicoleta , Mindru Teodor-Daniel , Nedelcu Dumitru
Published: December 2024

Surface texturing entails surface alteration through forming, micro grooving, micro dimpling and microchanneling. This is achieved by laser micromachining, in addition to other related methods on the substrate surface. The present paper puts forward the surface characteristics obtained after the laser texturing of the Arbofill Fichte biodegradable polymers with four and six passes, in hex-agonal and square patterns. The results of the wettability test indicated that Arbofill Fichte has a surface with a weak hydrophobic character (contact angle near 90°), regardless of the type of texture that was obtained. The underlying material's wear behaviour changed as a result of the Laser Surface Texturing (LST) surface alteration. Friction coefficient (COF) values thus increased for all samples. Arbofill Fichte exhibits a higher Y-axis stability in both geometries, suggesting a better resistance to vertical compression (subsidence), particularly in the 6 passes case. Addition-ally, Arbofill Fichte has a better X-axis extension. Therefore, Arbofill Fichte is stable and uniform in both geometries and at both numbers of passes, providing a more consistent X-axis expansion and better-managed Y-axis compression. The possibility of use in the practice of textured surfaces is viable; thus, based on the obtained results, there is even the possibility to replace non-biodegradable polymers from different sectors of activity.