bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of the logistic model to describe the growth curve in dogs of different breeds
Authors: Posada O Sandra , Gomez O Luis , Rosero N Ricardo
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. To model the growth in dogs of different size and breeds that during their development showed a relative body weight according to the standards of their racial group. Materials and methods. The data used were obtained from the Canine Research Center (CIC), property of Empresa Solla S.A., located in the municipality of Rionegro (Antioquia, Colombia). The parameters of the growth curve were defined based on the logistic model using the procedure PROC NLIN of the SAS. Results. The adult weight (a) ranged from 2.12 Kg (York Shire Terrier) to 32.88 Kg (Weimaraner). For small, medium and large breeds, growth rates (1/b) during the exponential phase ranged between 9.91-18.91%, 9.12-13.83% and, 8.17-14.38%, respectively, and the average age at which 50% of the adult weight was reached (x0) was 3.49±0.03, 4.21±0.42 y 5.27±0.86 months, correspondingly. Large dog breeds reached maturity (T99) later than smaller breeds, 14.37±1.79 vs. 9.46±1.63 mo. Conclusions. The logistic model was able to describe the growth in dogs of different size, however, a larger sample size will improve its predictive ability, given the individual variability that characterizes growth.
El índice de niebla y la escritura científica
Authors: González T Marco , Mattar V Salim
Published: July 2017

su vez se dividen subgéneros que le dan más aún un carácter particular a cada obra (1). Por ejemplo, entre los subgéneros didácticos se encuentran la oratoria, la historia, la biografía, el ensayo, etc. (2). Este último, es definido por Pérez (3) como “un escrito en prosa que expone sin rigor sistemático, pero con hondura y sensibilidad, una interpretación personal sobre cualquier tema, sea filosófico, histórico, literario, científico, etc.”.Tratando de clasificar de manera irreverente y ligera en qué género o subgénero podría clasificarse la escritura de artículos científicos, pensamos que quizás encajarían en el ensayo. No obstante, en nuestra experiencia como editores y autores de artículos científicos, consideramos que se nos olvida justamente que los artículos científicos no son obras literarias y escribimos más de la cuenta en muchas ocasiones, lo cual trae consecuencias negativas tanto para el escrito mismo como para los lectores. Entonces, si cada género literario tiene su propia finalidad, la de los artículos científicos es la de informar de manera clara, expositiva y argumentativa los resultados de una investigación (2).
Selección por conformación de reproductores de tilapia roja Oreochromis sp., mediante prueba de progenie
Authors: Pineda S Hermes , Taborda A Mónica , Hernández B Alejandro
Published: July 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Contribuir con la caracterización estadística y genotípica (media, media del error estándar, varianza y heredabilidad) de la Longitud Total (LT) y Longitud Altura del Lomo (LAL), y plantear una estrategia de selección para mejorar la calidad de la semilla de reproductores de tilapia roja Oreochromis sp. Materiales y métodos. El proyecto se realizó en la Granja Experimental y de Producción Piscícola (PCJIC), a un Km del municipio de San Jerónimo, distante 61 Km al Occidente de Medellín (Antioquia). Se conformaron tres grupos de cruzamientos, cada uno en proporción de 3 hembras por 1 macho así: un cruce Hembras Blancas (HB) x Macho Rojo (MR) y dos cruces Hembras Blancas (HB) x Macho Blanco (MB). Las progenies fueron medidas a los 60 días post eclosión, teniendo en cuenta los supuestos estadísticos. Resultados. El ANOVA mostró que las progenies difieren significativamente (p<0.001) para ambas variables continuas. La LT fue mayor para la progenie del cruzamiento HBxMB sin reversión (8.04±1.04cm) y LAL fue mayor para la progenie HBxMR (2.33±0.44cm). La correlación pareada entre las variables fue altamente significativa (r≥0.79, p<0.001). Las heredabilidades fueron 0.59 (LT) y 0.64 (LAL). Los porcentajes de manchas en las progenies fueron HBxMR (34%) y HBxMB no revertida (66%). Conclusiones. La progenie del Grupo 1 HBxMR tuvo los reproductores para una mejor selección por conformación, por lo que se sugiere aumentar el número de animales con mayor LAL. También, considerar la menor cantidad de manchas oscuras y realizar un manejo de reproductores por grupos independientes para selección masal.
Evaluación biológica de una fracción de la esponja marina Topsentia ophiraphidites del Caribe colombiano
Authors: Blandón G Lina , Márquez F Diana , López O Juan , Márquez F Maria
Published: July 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Evaluar la actividad antiproliferativa y genotóxica de una fracción con actividad citotóxica obtenida de la esponja marina del Caribe colombiano Topsentia ophiraphidites (Fracción T4). Materiales y métodos. La fracción T4 de la esponja marina Topsentia ophiraphidites fue obtenida en el laboratorio de Productos Naturales Marinos de la Universidad de Antioquia. La actividad antiproliferativa se evaluó mediante ensayos de eficiencia de clonación, función de acumulación y cinética proliferativa por intercambio de cromátidas hermanas (ICH); la actividad genotóxica se evaluó mediante electroforesis en gel de células individuales (Ensayo cometa) e intercambio de cromátidas hermanas (ICH). Todas las pruebas fueron realizadas sobre las líneas celulares Jurkat y CHO. Resultados. La fracción T4 afectó el ciclo celular de las células CHO y mostró daño genotóxica crónico en las células Jurkat. Conclusiones. Se recomienda la evaluación de la fracción T4 en otras líneas celulares derivadas de tumor con el fin de determinar un posible efecto diferencial, además de evaluar otras actividades de tipo antimicrobiano, antimalárico, entre otros.
Efecto del alimento sobre variables productivas de dos especies de Cladóceros bajo condiciones de laboratorio
Authors: Otero P Angélica , Muñoz P Marcela , Medina-Robles Víctor , Cruz-Casallas Pablo
Published: July 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Evaluar los efectos de diferentes tipos de alimentos sobre la productividad de Diaphanosoma sp., y Alona sp bajo condiciones de laboratorio. Materiales y métodos. Juveniles de Diaphanosoma sp., y Alona sp., fueron sembrados en acuarios de 20 L a una densidad de 6 org L-1 y mantenidos con aireación constante y fotoperíodo 12:12 (luz : oscuridad). Se alimentaron con Saccharomyces cereviseae y Chlorella vulgaris a concentración de 4 x 105 Cel/ml cada uno, en tres combinaciones: 1. C. vulgaris, 2. S. cereviseae, 3. C. vulgaris + S. cereviseae en proporciones iguales; de cada tratamiento se realizaron 3 réplicas. Con el propósito de determinar la densidad poblacional, cada 3 días y durante un período de 27 días, y se midió la concentración de individuos por ml. Resultados. Se obtuvieron mejores resultados en el tratamientos de microalgas + levadura, con valores de TCE=0.1323±0.07 y 0.1598±0.04 días-1; R=0.010 ±0.004 y 0.019±0.01 org ml-1 día-1, TD=5.2±0.5 y 4.3±0.38 días para Diaphanosoma sp., y Alona sp., respectivamente, pero sin presentar diferencias significativas (p>0.05). Conclusiones. La dieta mixta de levadura y microalgas produjo mayor eficiencia productiva en las dos especies estudiadas, constituyendo una alternativa de fuente de alimento vivo para la acuicultura
Caracterización de un modelo de diabetes tipo 2 en ratas Wistar hembra
Authors: Figueroa G M Consuelo , Pérez H Ismael H , Mejía Z Ricardo
Published: July 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Caracterizar un modelo de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) en ratas hembra. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron 20 ratas Wistar hembra de 48 horas de edad; a 10 se les administró estreptozotocina (STZ), [135 mg/kg de peso corporal] en 50 μl de amortiguador de citratos a pH de 4.5, vía intraperitoneal (inducidos) y a 10 se les administró 50 μl del amortiguador (testigo). Resultados. Los animales inducidos presentaron glicemias de 7.8±2 mmol/L (52.9% más que el testigo; p<0.005) y un peso de 334.4±12 g (51.6 g menor que el testigo; p<0.05) al final del estudio. La concentración de colesterol fue del doble en el grupo inducido. La concentración de triglicéridos no presentó diferencia entre grupos al primer mes de edad, pero al segundo fue 50% mayor en los animales inducidos (p<0.05). La concentración de hemoglobina glicada fue de 4.3% en los testigos y de 5.9% en animales inducidos (p<0.05). La curva de tolerancia mostró alteración en el grupo inducido con glicemias superiores a 7.4 mmol/L hasta los 240 min. Conclusiones. De acuerdo con los parámetros de las pruebas comúnmente utilizadas para el diagnóstico y control de la diabetes en humanos, los valores obtenidos en el presente estudio convalidan el desarrollo de un modelo de DM2 en ratas hembras mediante el uso de STZ.
Evaluación de la nisina como sustancia inactivadora de Bacillus licheniformis en el extracto líquido de café
Authors: Sierra L Leidy , Montoya C Olga , Ciro-V Héctor J.
Published: July 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Evaluar el efecto de la nisina en la inactivación de Bacillus licheniformis en el extracto líquido de café. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluó la acción de la nisina sobre Bacillus licheniformis en extractos líquidos de café variando su concentración, tiempo de incubación, concentración de solidos solubles (grados Brix) y la concentración bacteriana contaminante. Resultados. Se observó que la concentración de nisina, para obtener un efecto inhibitorio del 55%, sin alterar las propiedades fisicoquímicas y sensoriales del producto, es 500 UI/ml que corresponden a 12.5 mg/L. Además, se determinó que la concentración de nisina 1000 UI/ml puede actuar satisfactoriamente en poblaciones bacterianas menores de 5x104 UFC/ml en un período de 48 horas. Con relación al efecto de concentración de sólidos solubles en la inactivación del microorganismo, no se encontraron diferencias significativas para un rango entre 15 y 45°Brix. Conclusiones. A partir de este estudio se puede concluir que la nisina puede ser usada como preservante del extracto de líquido de café sin afectar sensorialmente el producto, teniendo en cuenta la concentración bacteriana contaminante y el tiempo de incubación.
Actividad mutagénica y genotóxica del material particulado PM2.5 en Cúcuta, Colombia
Authors: Beleño H Ricardo , Quijano P Alfonso , Meléndez G Iván
Published: July 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Determinar la actividad mutagénica y genotóxica del material particulado PM2.5, captado cerca de una vía de alto flujo vehicular en Cúcuta, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Entre Enero-Julio de 2011, el PM2.5 fue monitoreado con un equipo Partisol 2025 Plus usando filtros de cuarzo Palmflex. La actividad mutagénica y genotóxica de los extractos del PM2.5 fue determinada usando dos ensayos: el test de Ames y el ensayo cometa. En el ensayo mutagénico se utilizó la cepa TA 100 de Salmonella Typhimurium. Para determinar el daño genotóxico se utilizaron linfocitos de sangre periférica. Resultados. Por primera vez en la región fronteriza de Colombia y Venezuela, se reporta la actividad mutagénica y genotóxica asociada con el PM2.5 de Cúcuta. Los resultados muestran actividad mutagénica en la cepa de Salmonella Typhimurium TA-100 y genotoxicidad en linfocitos humanos de sangre periférica. Conclusiones. En las muestras del material particulado PM2.5 de la ciudad de Cúcuta se encuentran compuestos que inducen mutaciones, así como compuestos que pueden penetrar hasta la célula e inducir daño en su ADN, lo que puede representar un riesgo en la manifestación de enfermedades tales como el cáncer en la población expuesta.
¿Volverán los tiempos del cólera a Colombia?
Authors: Mattar V Salim , González T. Marco
Published: July 2017

“La epidemia de cólera morbo, cuyas primeras víctimas cayeron fulminadas en los charcos del mercado, había causado en once semanas la más grande mortandad de nuestra historia (...) En las dos primeras semanas del cólera, el cementerio fue desbordado y no quedó sitio disponible en las iglesias, a pesar de que habían pasado al osario común los restos carcomidos de nuestros próceres sin nombre (...) Desde que se proclamó el bando del cólera, en el alcázar de la guarnición local se disparó un cañonazo cada cuarto de hora, de día y de noche, de acuerdo con la superstición cívica de que la pólvora purificaba el ambiente (...) Cesó de pronto como había empezado y nunca se conoció el número de sus estragos...” “Así describió Gabriel García Márquez el brote de cólera asiático que azotó a Cartagena en en 1849 y que dio muerte a la cuarta parte de su población. Fue éste seguramente el primer episodio de cólera asiático en nuestro país” (1).
Lectinhistochemical staining of granuloma induced by bacillus Calmette-Guerin in Piaractus mesopotamicus
Authors: Manrique Wilson G. , Claudiano Gustavo S. , Figueiredo Mayra AP. , Petrillo Thalita R. , Marcusso Paulo F. , Gimeno Eduardo J. , Moraes Julieta RE. , Moraes Flávio R.
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjetive. This study was conducted to evaluate, by means of lectinhistochemistry (LHC), the expression of carbohydrates in granulomas induced by the bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in muscle tissue of Piaractus mesopotamicus after 33 days. Material and methods. Histological sections with 3 μm thick were incubated with the following lectins :WGA (Wheat germ agglutinin), DBA (Dolichos biflorus agglutinin) and HPA (Helix pomatia agglutinin), and the results were evaluated by light microscopy. Results. Acid fast bacilli were stained by Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) and strong labeled by WGA in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Labeling with DBA was intense in fibroblasts and weak in macrophages. On the other hand, HPA binding was stronger in macrophages, especially in those that were in close contact with epithelioid cells, without evidence of binding to fibroblasts. The epithelioid cells were not labeled by the used lectins, but they were identified by Hematoxilin-Eosin (HE). The lectins labeled specific type saccharides in glycoproteins, as N-acetylglucosamine present in bacilli and macrophages, as well as N-acetyl-galactosamine in macrophages. The control group showed no inflammation or lectin binding. Conclusions. This technique may be useful in identifying receptors for WGA, DBA and the HPA lectins in epithelioid granuloma induced by BCG in P. mesopotamicus
Population features of Hoplosternum littorale (Hancock, 1828) (Siluriformes, Callichthyidae) at Santo Anastacio Reservoir, Brazil
Authors: Do Nascimento Chaves Francisco D. , Sánchez-Botero Jorge I. , Sequeira Garcez Danielle , Cavalcanti dos Reis Vitor
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. The length-weight relationship and condition factor of fish are indicators of physiological well-being and may be related to reproduction and feeding periods. These attributes were evaluated for a population of Hoplosternum littorale sampled in the Santo Anastácio Reservoir (Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil). Materials and methods. One hundred and fifty-five specimens were collected with gillnets between October 2009 and March 2010, and standard length (cm), total weight (g), sex and gonadal maturation stage were registered. Results. The observed length-weight relationship indicated negative allometric adjustment (2.72). Only seventy individuals were evaluated for the condition factor analysis, sexual determination and gonadal state classification. Condition factor values peaked in November and plummeted in February, no statistical differences in sex ratio (χ²=13.683; p=0.057) were observed. Mature females were collected throughout the study period. Conclusions. The results indicate that the population of H. littorale in the Santo Anastácio reservoir presents growth deficiency and changes in reproductive strategy in this hypereutrophic environment.
Parainfluenza-3 and bovine respiratory syncytial virus: intraherd correlation adjusted for sensitivity and specificity
Authors: Segura C José , Figueroa Ch Daniel , García-M Luis , Pescador R Alfonso
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. The purpose of this study was to compare the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) and design effects (D) estimates adjusted or unadjusted for sensibility (Se) and specificity (Sp) of the diagnostic tests using a Bayesian procedure. Materials and methods. Sera from 232 animals from 44 randomly selected herds, to detect antibodies against parainfluenza-3 virus (PIV3) from non-vaccinated dual-purpose cattle from Colima Mexico, were used. Only 176 animals from 33 herds were used to evaluate the presence of the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). Results. The ICC and D values adjusted and unadjusted for PIV3 were 0.33, 2.73, 0.32, and 2.71, respectively. For BRSV the values were 0.31, 2.64, 0.28 and 2.49. Conclusions. The adjusted or unadjusted ICC and D estimates were similar because of the high Se and Sp of the diagnostic tests and the relatively high prevalence of the diseases here studied.
Goat milk fatty acid composition in the Peninsula of Baja California, Mexico
Authors: Toyes-Vargas Eduardo , Cordoba-Matson Miguel , Espinoza-Villavicencio José , Palacio-Espinosa Alejandro , Murillo-Amador Bernardo
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. The objective of the study was to determine the composition of fatty acids in milk of Creole goats in an extensive production system in an arid region of the peninsula of Baja California and compare it to two seasons of the year (rainy and dry). Materials and methods. Sampling was conducted during the dry season (June) and after the rainy season (December) in the municipality of Comondú in Baja California Sur. The extensive production system used involved releasing goats to roam freely in the rangeland to graze for food, and no additional food or supplements were provided. Results. The most abundant fatty acids were saturated fatty acids (66.3 and 70.9% in the rainy and dry reasons, respectively). The most abundant of these were palmitic, myristic, and stearic acid in both seasons. Monounsaturated fatty acids (15-20%) were the most numerous in terms of isomers, but mostly in low concentrations. The largest average constituent of polyunsaturated fatty acids (5-6%) was linoleic acid (3%) and alpha-linolenic acid (1.2%) in both seasons. Branched, fatty acid concentrations were highly variable; the only stable constituents were C15:0 iso (1.5%) and C16:0 anti-iso, with 0.7% of total fatty acids. Conclusions. The seasons in this extensive production system significantly effected the composition of most monounsaturated and branched fatty acids in goat milk; however, saturated and polyunsaturated showed only a few compositional changes in abundance of fatty acids. Moreover, season effects were not significant on the total fatty acid content, except for branched fatty acids and omega-3.
Growth and mortality of Cachana (Cynopotamus atratoensis) in the cienaga Grande de Lorica, Colombia
Authors: Olaya-Nieto Charles , Segura-Guevara Fredys , Vergara-Paternina Antonio
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective. Growth and mortality parameters of Cachana Cynopotamus atratoensis Eigenmann, 1907 in the cienaga Grande de Lorica, Sinu river basin, Colombia, were estimated. Materials and methods. The length frequency analysis to the information collected between January 2001 to December 2002, was applied. Results. The estimated values for asymptotic length, growth rate and age at zero length were 43.4 (±0.52) cm of total length, 0.29 (±0.02) year-1 and -0.53 years, respectively. Total mortality was estimated at 0.97 year-1, natural mortality at 0.72 year-1, fishing mortality at 0.25, the average catch size was 24.8 cm total length, being fully recruited to the fishery with 16.6 cm total length, with low exploitation rate (E: 0.26). Conclusions. Cachana is a fish with medium longevity and growth rate with low exploitation rate, suggesting that there is still no overfishing on the species. However, as it is an very important fish in the food security of fishermen and their families, its necessary to increase the basic biology research pointing to the management and conservation of the species in the cienaga and the Sinu basin.
Electrocardiographic parameters in captive, clinically healthy, Amazona ochrocephala
Authors: Guerrero S Claudia , Bolivar B Janeth , Vargas-Pinto Piero , Vargas-Pinto Pedro , Brieva-Rico Claudia
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective. To stablish the electrocardiographic parameters of individuals of the species Amazona ochrocephala, from the Unidad de Rescate y Rehabilitacion de Animales Silvestres at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Materials and methods. The electrocardiographic examination was performed under inhaled anesthesia with isoflurane. Leads I, II, III, aVL, aVR and aVF were measured. Results. Electrocardiographic parameters obtained in Lead II. P wave Duration: 0.015-0.044 s, P wave amplitude: 0.031 to 0.6 mv, R wave duration: 0.015-0.022 s, amplitude R: 0.034-0.038 mv, S wave Duration: 0.019- 0.042 s, amplitude S: 0.194-0.815 mv, T wave Duration: 0.025-0.064 s, T-wave amplitude: 0.010 to 0.5 mv, PQ Duration: 0.021-0.076 s, QRS Duration: 0.036-0.068 s, QT Duration: 0.070-0.015 s, RR Duration: 0.104-0.324 s, EEM: -111° to -80°, FC: 240-600 ppm. Conclusions. The results showed different values for amplitude and duration of the P, R and T waves in comparison to those obtained in other studies. However, they were similar for heart rate, MEA and duration of the PQ/R, QT and QRS segments.
Influence of gastrointestinal parasitism on biochemical variables in blood of laying hens
Authors: Topázio Josué P , Campigotto Gabriela , Boiago Marcel M , Machado Gustavo , Paiano Diovani , Tonin Alexandre A , Da Silva Aleksandro S
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. This study describes the influence of endoparasites and diet on biochemical variables in sera of brown laying hens. Materials and methods. Biochemical parameters (seric levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, uric acid, albumin, and alanine aminotransferase activity) were assessed in blood samples of poultry. Three populations of laying hens of different properties (n=20 each) represented our experimental design, from which blood (serum) and feces were collected for biochemical and parasitological analyzes, respectively. Results. From 60 feces samples evaluated 49 were positive for the presence of parasites and 11 were negative. Among the positive samples, 23 had infection with Eimeria spp and the other 26 samples had mixed parasitism with Eimeria spp and Heterakis gallinarum, which influenced (increasing) the levels of total protein and globulin. However, when parasites were analyzed separately, it was observed that the infection by Eimeria spp affected parameters such as cholesterol (which increased, p=0.001) and triglycerides, showing lower results than when the hen was parasitized by Eimeria spp. (p=0.01). Significant (p<0.05) difference was observed in all biochemical variables when the three diets were compared. Conclusions. Our results allowed concluding that the parasitic infection and diet in laying hens influenced the results of serum biochemical parameters evaluated. The main conclusion we found that parasitism caused an increase in total protein and globulin (ie immune response), and there was a negative correlation between parasite load and albumin, uric acid and ALT.
Total mercury concentrations in fish from Urrá reservoir (Sinú river, Colombia). Six years of monitoring
Authors: Marrugo-Negrete José , Navarro-Frómeta Amado , Ruiz-Guzmán Javier
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. The aim of this study was to monitor the total mercury (T-Hg) concentrations in fish from the Urrá reservoir, after impoundment. Materials and methods. Five fish species at different trophic levels were sampled from 2004 to 2009 and analyzed by cold-vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy for T-Hg concentrations in muscle tissue. Water quality parameters were evaluated. Results. The highest (1.39±0.69 μg/g ww) and lowest (0.15±0.02 μg/g ww) T-Hg concentrations were detected in Hoplias malabaricus (piscivorous) and Cyphocharax magdalenae (iliophagous/detritivorous) respectively, whereas Leporinus muyscorum (omnivorous) had an intermediate level (0.40±0.11 μg/g ww). The organic matter content in the water increased with time and depth, whereas dissolved oxygen and pH decreased. A covariance analysis (with fish length as a covariate) shows a steady increase of T-Hg levels in all the studied species after impoundment. Conclusions. The T-Hg concentrations in the evaluated fish species, increased after impoundment. The water quality variables showed conditions favoring Hg methylation and its biomagnification, this last was evident in the fish food chain of the reservoir.
Molecular detection of Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus in mosquitoes from La Pintada (Antioquia)
Authors: Hoyos L Richard , Suaza V Juan , Tenorio Antonio , Uribe Sandra , Gallego-Gómez Juan
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective. The detection of emerging and re-emerging arboviruses in mosquitoes from urban and rural areas, is fundamental for predict possible epidemic outbreaks in human populations. The Municipality of La Pintada (Antioquia), is characterized by the presence of dry tropical forest relicts, fishing, tourism, farms and mining. An entomological research was performed for explore the possible circulation of arboviruses of public health importance. Materials and methods. Mosquitoes were captured in urban and rural sites in February-April of 2012. The specimens were stored in liquid nitrogens tanks and were grouped using taxonomic keys for genera. RNA extraction from pools and generic/nested RT-PCR was performed for Flavivirus, Alphavirus, Orthobunyavirus (Group Bunyamwera) and Phlebovirus. Results. 1274 mosquitoes were collected, mainly belonging to Culex and Aedes genera. RNA extracts of 64 pools were tested by RT-PCR and one pool was positive for Alphavirus. Sequencing of the RT- PCR product and the analysis with sequences storage in GenBank designate the presence of Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV). Conclusions. This is the first record of natural infection from EEEV in mosquitoes from La Pintada (Antioquia), an area with ecological elements that favor the emergence of emerging and re-emerging arboviruses of medical and veterinarian importance.
Curve control, development and phenotypic bad formations in poodle the city of Medellin
Authors: Ortiz Á José
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective. Quantifying phenotypic malformations and make a curve control and development of the breed Poodle puppies in the city of Medellin. Materials and methods. We analyzed 60 individuals, 30 females and 30 males were measured and weighed from 2 to 12 months of age with these data, build a table and a control growth curve and after about 12 months of age there were the Phenotypic malformations, which are considered by the American Kennel Club (AKC) and Cynological International (FCI). Results. Of the specimens analyzed, 10% had bone spurs, cryptorchidism 20%, 5% had polidoncia a year old, with teeth retained teeth more often. Conclusions. In an effort to find examples of smaller faults have been committed at the time of mating, resulting in increased phenotypic malformations found in the study, this work also provide veterinarians, another tool for assessing pediatric puppies Poodle race in the city of Medellin.
Closed reduction of humeral condylar fracture and elbow luxation in a dog
Authors: Cardona R Sebastián , Muñoz R Luis Carlos , Silva M Raúl Fernando
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Fractures of the distal humerus that involving the condyles often requires extensive surgical approach for treatment, leading to a prolonged recovery time. In a West Highland White Terrier dog two years old, with a fracture of the lateral humeral condyle portion and elbow luxation, was performed a closed technique for luxation reduction, fracture reduction was performed by digital pressure and percutaneous osteosynthesis by introduction of a Kirschner wire of 2 mm diameter, accompanied by Robert-Jones bandage modified for 6 weeks. Limb function was recovered in the immediate postoperative, the wire was removed six weeks after, non-was observed postoperative complications, and full functional recovery of the limb was clinically evident. This suggests that this technique could be an option in cases of condylar fractures in small-sized dogs.
Productivity and Composition of Fatty Acids in Chicks fed with Azadirachta indica A. Juss
Authors: Trigueros V Imna , Ramón C Miguel , Vázquez O José , Aguirre M Juan , Garcia C Carlos , Martínez T Jaime
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. Evaluate the productivity and composition of fatty acids in chicks fed diets enriched with neem Azadirachta indica A. Juss seed flour. Materials and methods. 80 mixed broiler chicks of Arbor Acres stock and levels 0, 1, 3 and 5% neem seed flour added to a commercial diet were evaluated. 20 experimental units were included in each treatment for five weeks. The consumption and weight gain were recorded, as well as the composition of fatty acids in the fat by means of alkaline transesterification. Data was statistically analyzed by a completely random procedure and the measurements were compared with the Tukey test(p≤0.05). Results. The greatest weight gain, consumption and best feed conversion were found in the treatment that contains 1% neem seed flour. It also produced the increase in the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid (C18:2 Omega-6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 omega-3), and the proportion of palmitic acid (C16:0). The consumption of feed diminished when 5% of neem flour was added. Conclusions. It was demonstrated that incorporating 1% neem seed flour in the diet of broiler chicks modifies the consumption of fatty acids without harming its productive behavior.RESUMENObjetivo. Evaluar la productividad y composición de ácidos grasos en pollos alimentados con dietas adicionadas con harina de semilla de neem Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Materiales y métodos. Se emplearon 80 pollos mixtos de la estirpe Arbor Acres de engorda y se evaluaron los niveles 0, 1, 3 y 5% de harina de semilla de neem añadidos a una dieta comercial. En cada tratamiento se tuvieron 20 unidades experimentales con una duración de cinco semanas. Se registró el consumo y la ganancia de peso, así como la composición de los ácidos grasos de la grasa mediante transesterificación alcalina. Los datos se analizaron estadísticamente por el procedimiento completamente al azar y las medias se compararon con la prueba de Tukey (p≤ 0.05). Resultados. La mayor ganancia de peso, consumo y la mejor conversión alimenticia correspondió al tratamiento que contenia 1% de harina de semilla de neem. También propició el aumento en la proporción de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados especialmente en el ácido linoleico, (C18:2 omega-6) y en el ácido eicosapentaenoico (C20:5 omega-3), y de manera concomitante se redujo la proporción del ácido palmítico (C16:0). El consumo de alimento disminuyó al adicionar 5% de harina de neem. Conclusiones. Se demostró que la incorporación de 1% de harina de semilla de neem en la dieta de los pollos de engorda modifica la composición de ácidos grasos sin perjudicar su comportamiento productivo.
Reference values of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D Hormone by chemiluminescent automated assay
Authors: Martiarena Beatriz , Kogovsek Nadia , Salerni Helena , Castillo Víctor , Brandi Georgina , Regonat Mariela , Visintini Andrea , Quintana Héctor , Otero P
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. Provide reference data for parathyroid hormone 1-84 (PTH 1-84) and 25OH Vitamin D (25OH D) using a new technique. Materials and methods. The hormones were evaluated, in serum, using a third generation automated chemiluminescent method for PTH in a group of 60 adult dogs, clinically healthy, grouped according to age in years in GA: 1 to 5, GB: 6 to 10 and GC:>10. Results. Data expressed as average ± DS were for PTH (pg/ml): 9.3±2.3; 12±6.3; 12.2±3.7; and for 25OH D (ng/ml): 84.2±27.8; 68.2±16.0; 63.6±23.1, respectively. The PTH value was significantly greater (p<0.05) in groups B and C in comparison with A, but no significant differences were observed between GB and GC. The 25OH D concentration was significantly less in GB (p<0.05) and in GC (p<0.01) in comparison with GA, showing no differences between GB and GC. A negative correlation between 25OH D and PTH was found (r= -0.28; p=0.015). Conclusions. Data contributed by this study provide reference values for PTH 1-84 and 25OH D, evaluated using a third generation automated chemiluminescent method for PTH in local dogs. The results will facilitate monitoring diseases that alter the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in dogs.RESUMENObjetivo. Aportar datos de referencia, para hormona paratiroidea 1-84 (PTH 1-84) y 25OH Vitamina D (25OH D) con una nueva técnica. Materiales y métodos. Las hormonas fueron valoradas, en suero, por un método quimioluminiscente automatizado, y de tercera generación para la PTH, en una población de 60 perros adultos clínicamente sanos, agrupados según edad en años en GA: 1 a 5, GB: 6 a 10 y GC:>10. Resultados. Los datos expresados como media ± DS fueron para la PTH (pg/ml): 9.3±2.3; 12±6.3; 12.2±3.7; y para la 25OH D (ng/ml): 84.2±27.8; 68.2±16.0; 63.6±23.1, respectivamente. El valor de PTH fue significativamente mayor (p<0.05) en los grupos B y C con respecto al A, pero no se observó diferencia significativa entre GB y GC. La concentración de 25OH D fue significativamente menorORIGINALRev.MVZ Córdoba 20(2):4583-4592, 2015. ISSN: 0122-0268 555 en el GB (p<0.05) y en el GC (p<0.01) con respecto al GA, sin haber diferencias entre los GB y GC.Se encontró una correlación negativa entre 25OH D y PTH (r= -0.28; p=0.015). Conclusiones. Losdatos aportados en este trabajo permiten disponer de valores de referencia de PTH 1-84 y de 25OHD, valorados por un método quimioluminiscente automatizado y de tercera generación para la PTH, enuna población local de perros. Los resultados facilitarán el seguimiento de enfermedades que alteranel metabolismo del calcio y fósforo en perros.
Applying multicriteria analysis for choosing the best marination for pork
Authors: VMOS Nieto , FR Caldara , IA Nääs , M Moi , Paz ICL Almeida , RG Garcia , LO Seno , LS Santos
Published: July 2017

Objective. This research aimed to choose a best marination solution using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Materials and methods. Pork meat samples were collected in a commercial slaughterhouse, and they were randomly distributed in four treatments with three different salt contents blend. Color, pH, retention of the solution, exudate and cooking loss, shear force and sensory attributes were assessed and evaluated. Multicriteria analysis using AHP was applied to the results in order to choose the best overall marination solution. Criteria used for selection were the physical and sensory characteristics of meat, and based on these criteria were classified solutions marination. Results. Results showed that the combination of the salts was the best alternative (Na2CO3+NaCl+Na5P3O10), followed by the solutions of (Na2CO3 + NaCl), and (Na5P3O10 + NaCl). Conclusions. All tested solutions with the salts used alone or in combination led to better physical and sensory attributes than the meat not marinated.Key words: Firmness, sodium chloride, sodium tripolyphosphate, texture (Source:CAB).
Effect of the diet traditional and non-traditional on the respiration and excretion in larvae of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Medina-Jasso María Alejandra , Arzola-González Juan Francisco , Piña-Valdez Pablo , Nieves-Soto Mario
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objetive. It was studied the respiration and ammoniacal excretion of zoeas and mysis of Litopenaeus vannamei fed with the diet used traditionally (of microalgae and nauplios of artemia) and another alternative (not traditional) of microalgae with rotifers. Materials and methods. After four hours the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion in BOD bottles with 60 larvae (closed respirometers) was estimated. The concentrations of O2 and NH4+ were measured with an electrode polarográfico in the first case and with the indophenol blue technique for the second. Results. In zoea, oxygen consumption increased with development and showed statistical differences (p=0.023). In mysis, the oxygen consumption were significance in the traditional diet, whereas no differences were alternative (p=0.003). In both stages for the ammoniacal excretion increased development stage and there were detected statistical difference (p<0.001), although to the diets were not noticed significant differences. Conclusions. A higher energy absorption for zoea (I, II y III) what mysis (I, II y III) larvae was obtained, this is likely an interaction between rates of respiration and excretion caused by variations in the efficiency of absorption by the larvae. The weights obtained in both larvae were not supplied with differences between diets.
Quality Index Method developed for gutted and ungutted red tilapia (Oreochromis ssp)
Authors: Gutiérrez G Nelson , Amorocho C Claudia , Sandoval A Angélica , Ruíz O Yaneth
Published: July 2017

Objective. To develop a Quality Index Method (QIM) for gutted and ungutted red tilapia from aquaculture ponds. Materials and methods. 40 specimens of gutted red tilapia and 40 ungutted ones were located in foam polyethylene boxes within layers of ice and storage at 4°C. Three fish were randomly sampled on days 0, 3, 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17 for gutted tilapia, and on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 11, 14 and 16 for ungutted tilapia. A sensorial panel of 8 experts was formed to evaluate the product. With three samples each day with average points of the sensorial attributes proposed in the method, the quality index for gutted and ungutted red tilapia was obtained based on the storage time on ice. Results. The Quality Index Method obtained for gutted and ungutted red tilapia showed maximum values of 21 and 29, respectively. It was adjusted in an increasing lineal model with high correlation between the Quality Index and the storage time on ice. Conclusions. The developed model is useful to determine deterioration levels and to define storage and consumption time. For gutted red tilapia the panel rejected the fish after 8 - 11 days of storage whereas the ungutted red tilapia was rejected after 6 - 9 days.Key words: Cold storage, fish, freshness, sensory evaluation (Source: USDA)
Serological survey for equine viral arteritis in several municipalities in the Orinoquia region of Colombia
Authors: Góngora O Agustín , Barrandeguy María , Ciuoderis A Karl
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. The goal of this study was to determine the current status of the Equine Arteritis virus (EAV) in horse populations in the Orinoquia region of Colombia. Materials and methods. A transversal study was conducted by serological survey of equine (n=100) from 11 municipalities of the Colombian Orinoquia region. Serum samples were tested by virus seroneutralization assay according to the guidelines provided by the World Organization for Animal Health. Results. After testing was carried out no positives samples to EAV were found in the population analyzed. Conclusions. Although the sample size of the population screened in this study does not represent the total equine population size for the region or the country, data obtained has shown the absence of EAV infection in these animals. However, a wider study area including other regions of the country, with a feasible statistical design, would determine if this infection continues to be an exotic disease for Colombia.
Analgesic effect and side effects of celecoxib and meloxicam in canine hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Molina D Víctor , Álzate V David , Ruíz B Jhon , Urrea A Manuela , Tobón J Juan
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. To evaluate the pharmacological, clinical and toxicological effects of celecoxib and meloxicam for analgesia for 30 days in dogs with hip osteoarthritis. Materials and methods. Twenty-four patients were evaluated, 75% were females with an average age of 7.16 ± 2.06 years and twenty five percent were males with an average age of 7.83 ± 2.22 years. All patients had hip osteoarthritis and they were randomized into two groups; one group received oral celecoxib 5 mg/kg every 12 hours during one month and the second group received oral meloxicam 0.2 mg/kg every 24 hours during 1 month. The patients were evaluated for analgesia, and hematological, renal, liver, and coagulation tests on days 0, 10th and 30th after treatment initiation, and a gastric endoscopy on day 30. Statistical analysis was performed using a HSD Tukey test and c2 with a 5% level of statistical significance. Results. Both drugs reduced articular pain according to the Melbourne scale during the 30 days of treatment (p≤0.05). Hematological, renal, hepatic and coagulation tests were normal in both treatment groups. All patients presented chronic gastritis on endoscopy on day 30th. Conclusions. Both drugs decreased pain at day 30th without causing alterations in hematological, renal, hepatic or coagulation tests after 30 days of treatment. However, both drugs induced chronic gastritis.
Seroprevalencia y factores de riesgo de Neospora caninum en pequeñas granjas lecheras de la zona central de Chile
Authors: Hervé-Claude Luis , Lavado A Alan , Rivera O Dacil , Navarrete-Talloni María , Hamilton-West M Christopher
Published: July 2017

Objetivos. Proveer información sobre la seroprevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a la infección por Neospora caninum en bovinos en Chile central. Materiales y métodos. La población estudiada corresponde a pequeñas lecherías que son parte de un programa gubernamental de Asistencia Técnica (SAT), en la región de O´Higgins en Chile central. Muestras de suero fueron recolectadas desde vacas en lactancia y analizadas mediante un kit comercial ELISA. Además, se aplicó un cuestionario a los dueños de los animales para la identificación de factores de riesgo a través de regresión logística. Resultados. Se identificó una prevalencia a nivel de granja del 67%, mientras que dentro de las granjas positivas, esta fue en promedio de 55%. El historial de abortos (p= 0.037, OR=5.09), la fuente de alimentación de perros (p= 0.0429, OR=6), la fuente de agua de bebida de las vacas (p=0.034, OR=4.5) y el manejo de los abortos (p=0.017, OR=7.43) fueron identificados como factores de riesgo para la infección. Conclusiones. Se observa una alta seroprevalencia de N. caninum en pequeños productores lecheros pertenecientes al SAT en Chile central. Los resultados presentados resaltan la necesidad de mejorar las acciones de vigilancia de esta enfermedad y el desarrollo de medidas preventivas para evitar las pérdidas asociadas a esta enfermedad.
Biología reproductiva de Liseta Leporinus muyscorum Steindachner, 1901 en el río Sinú, Colombia
Authors: Segura-Guevara Fredys , López-Corrales Henan , Medrano De La Hoz César , Olaya-Nieto Charles W.
Published: July 2017

Objetivo. Se estudió la biología reproductiva de la Liseta Leporinus muyscorum (Steindachner, 1901) en el río Sinú, Colombia. Materiales y métodos Los individuos fueron colectados entre marzo 2006 y febrero 2007, con tallas y pesos entre 20.5-41.0 (30.0±3.7) cm de longitud total y 97.6–728.0 (320.9±117.9) g, respectivamente. Las gónadas se conservaron en solución Gilson, se utilizó la escala de Vazzoler y se estimaron proporción sexual, índices de madurez sexual, época de desove, talla media de madurez sexual, diámetro de ovocitos y fecundidad. Resultados. Se colectaron 344 individuos, de los cuales 249 fueron hembras y 95 machos, con proporción sexual hembra: macho de 2.6:1, diferente a lo esperado. La talla media de madurez fue estimada en 28.9, 28.1 y 28.8 cm LT para hembras, machos y sexos combinados, respectivamente, el diámetro de los ovocitos fue 977 µ y la fecundidad promedio fue estimada en 30793 ovocitos. Conclusiones. La Liseta es un pez con desarrollo ovocitario sincrónico en dos grupos, cuya época o período de reproducción se extiende de febrero a septiembre, con ovocitos grandes y alta fecundidad, fuertemente asociada al peso de los ovarios.
Linfoma cutáneo tarsal en gato – estudio de caso
Authors: Sierra M Oscar , Viéra Rafaela , Ferreira Marília , Pascoli Ana , Reis Nazilton , Jark Paulo , Vargas-Hernandez Giovanni , Tinucci-Costa Mirela , De Nardi Andrigo , Calazans Sabryna
Published: July 2017

El linfoma representa la enfermedad linfoproliferativa más frecuente en gatos. Sin embargo, el linfoma cutáneo es una rara forma de linfoma extranodal. Recientemente, el linfoma cutáneo se reportó localizado en el tarso. Tanto clínica como histopatologicamente, esta forma difiere de la forma cutánea típica, y se denominó linfoma tarsal felino. Este estudio describe el caso de un gato, doméstico de pelo largo, 13 años de edad con una masa subcutánea, de 30 días de evolución en la región tarsal del miembro pélvico derecho. La histopatologia reveló neoplasia de células redondas, sugestiva de linfoma de células grandes. La inmunohistoquímica confirmó el diagnóstico de linfoma imunoblástico de células B. El tratamiento realizado fue lomustina y prednisolona con tiempo de sobrevida de 2,1 meses. La agresividad de este linfoma, refuerza la necesidad de estudios para entender su curso y mejorar protocolos terapéuticos que incrementen tanto la sobrevida como la calidad de vida para estos pacientes.
Miasis gástrica e intestinal por Ornidia obesa (Diptera: Syrphidae) en humanos. Primer reporte en Colombia
Authors: López V Gustavo , Romero M Irma , Parra Henao Gabriel
Published: July 2017

Las miasis son infestaciones de tejidos de animales y humanos, causadas por larvas de moscas, las cuales tienen importancia manifiesta en Salud Publica. En la literatura biomédica Colombiana, son escasos los reportes referentes a los diferentes tipos de miasis que se presentan en los humanos. En este trabajo se reportan dos casos de pacientes con miasis gastrointestinal, donde los agentes etiológicos implicados fueron Ornidia obesa y Ornidia sp (Diptera: Syrphidae). La identificación taxonómica de las larvas halladas en ambos pacientes se realizó en el Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical CES y fue confirmada en el Laboratorio del Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria Preventiva en Salud Animal de la Facultdad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad de Sao Paulo. Estos dos casos de miasis se constituyen en el primer reporte en Colombia.
Pulmonary adenocarcinoma in cattle
Authors: Sousa Z Diogo , Rivera C Luis , Quevedo C Didier , Gorino Ana Claudia , Biagio C Simone , Laufer A Renée
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe Macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical aspects of lung acinar adenocarcinoma and the presence of nodules in the abdominal cavity of an adult female bovine are reported. In the necropsy analysis samples were collected from the: lung, heart, spleen, liver, pancreas, kidney, uterus, intestine, brain, and from nodules found in the lung and abdominal cavity, which were routinely processed to be stained by hematoxylin-eosin and for an immunohistochemistry exam with the antibodies: cytokeratin (dilution 1:200 μL) and vimentin (dilution 1:1000 μL). The histopathological examination revealed neoplastic epithelial cells with acini formation. The immunohistochemical examination of the tumor cells showed positive marking for cytokeratin and the absence of marking for vimentin. According to anatomical, morphological, and histopathological findings, as well as the result of the immunohistochemical examination, the tumor was characterized as lung acinar adenocarcinoma.