bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The cafeteria contest
Authors: Polly Drew
Published: December 2020

This month, challenge your students to explore a version of the classic tableseating problem.
Museums, mysteries, and math
Authors: Gerretson Helen , Cruz Bárbara C.
Published: December 2020

You too can use literature circles and journaling to reinforce number sense, problem solving, and financial literacy.
Technology to develop algebraic reasoning
Authors: Polly Drew
Published: December 2020

Try these approaches to boost your students' understanding and higher-order thinking skills.
A reflective protocol for mathematics learning environments
Authors: Kinzer Cathy Jeanne , Virag Lisa , Morales Sara
Published: December 2020

Try this Standards-based practice to collaboratively study students' opportunities to develop problem solving, communication, and ways of thinking mathematically.
In the garden
Authors: Columba Lynn
Published: December 2020

Depending on your climate zone, you may already be enjoying a variety of lilies, gardenias, roses, and tomatoes. Or perhaps you are still taking pleasure in daffodils, tulips, snapdragons, and sweet peas in your late-spring garden. Bring the outdoors into your classroom—better yet, take your students into the outdoors—with this set of problems that are blooming with math.
Number relationships in preschool
Authors: Jung Myoungwhon
Published: December 2020

Try these early-learning experiences to strengthen understanding of number and quantity.
Conhecimento científico e formação de professores
Authors: Rossi Rafael , Rossi Aline Santana
Published: December 2020

O presente texto é instrumento por meio do qual discutimos as categorias de verdade e falsidade do conhecimento científico, com o objetivo de contribuir com a reflexão crítica, histórica e ontológica da pesquisa em educação e, mais precisamente, na formação de professores. De modo geral, pode-se observar no cotidiano escolar um desprezo pelas ideias de verdade ou falsidade com relação ao conhecimento científico. Para analisar esta questão, partimos do processo histórico de autoconstrução humana para demonstrar a especificidade da ciência enquanto impulso à compreensão correta e aproximada da essência e da totalidade do objeto investigado e sua importância na formação de professores. Por fim, concluímos que os conhecimentos científicos e teóricos são indispensáveis para o desenvolvimento humano-genérico dos alunos e dos professores e que abandonar o critério da crítica para analisar as distintas proposições teóricas é ajudar a confundir o entendimento da realidade objetiva e não a sua elucidação.
Fiscalização, orientação e trabalho docente na zona rural: Livros de Termos de Visitas das escolas isoladas de Rio Claro/SP (1970-1988)
Authors: Leite Kamila Cristina Evaristo
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar algumas das práticas recorrentes nas visitas dos inspetores escolares/supervisores pedagógicos de escolas unidocentes situadas na zona rural do município de Rio Claro, interior do Estado de São Paulo, compreendendo o período entre 1970 e 1988, a fim de recuperar vestígios do trabalho docente na zona rural. O texto analisa os registros resultantes da fiscalização e orientação das autoridades de ensino que anotavam suas observações e recomendações nos Livros de termos de visitas, sendo possível identificar algumas práticas realizadas nas escolas primárias rurais. Após a união, recuperação e seleção das fontes, analisou-se o total de 76 termos de visitas de quatro (4) escolas unidocentes rurais do município de Rio Claro. O estudo aponta como a atuação de inspetores de ensino/supervisores pedagógicos buscava uniformizar a prática docente em escolas primárias, fiscalizando o uso do programa de ensino e orientando as professoras sobre como ministrar uma boa aula. Outros pontos importantes que configuram a profissão docente são abordados no texto, como: constantes mudanças de professoras; faltas; pedidos de remoção; licenças e orientações sobre escrituração, ambiente escolar e distribuição da merenda.
Resistência, revolução e democracia: o debate sobre a luta armada na esquerda brasileira (1969-1985)
Authors: Sales Jean Rodrigues
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar os debates realizados pela esquerda brasileira a respeito da experiência da luta armada contra o regime militar instaurado em 1964. Consideramos a inserção dessa discussão desde o momento da derrota da luta armada até a consolidação do projeto de criação do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), em meados dos anos 1980. A conclusão geral do texto é que a esquerda armada realizou intensa discussão sobre o significado dessa experiência até a superação crítica da proposta de luta guerrilheira e a inserção no movimento mais amplo de luta pela redemocratização no país.
Palavras-chave: Esquerda armada. Ditadura Militar. História. Memória
Histórias e pesquisas das mulheres bonequeiras
Authors: Balardim Paulo , Lazzari de Oliveira Fabiana , Perez Recio Liliana
Published: December 2020

Apresentação do número 23 da Móin-Móin Revista de Estudos sobre Teatro de Formas Animadas.
Mujer, Objeto y Memorias Reflexiones en torno a una experiencia artística
Authors: Dip Nerina
Published: December 2020

Este articulo reflexiona sobre la relación que se da entre dos conceptos: objeto y memoria. Aborda el objeto no sólo desde la manipulación sino desde el vinculo que se establece con el sujeto cuando ella es activadora de memorias. El objeto es abordado desde su autonomía y en relación al artista que con él trabaja. El objeto como portador de memorias es analizado en esa zona liminal entre teatro de objetos y performance. Esta reflexión se acompaña del pensamiento de artistas/investigadoras, entre las que se destacan  Violeta Luna, Ana Amaral y Ana Alvarado. El abordaje se realiza desde la perspectiva de una nieta de inmigrantes, como portadora de memorias en disputa.
Do amor entre mulheres ao amor entre bonecas: relato de uma atriz e seus processos criativos
Authors: Fagundes Tuany
Published: December 2020

Este artigo relata parte de dois processos artísticos em teatro de animação que a autora desenvolveu durante o curso de Mestrado em Artes Cênicas na UFU (Universidade Federal de Uberlândia). O estopim criativo foi a necessidade da autora em conhecer mais espetáculos em teatro de formas animadas que mostrassem histórias de amor entre mulheres (como lésbicas e bissexuais), uma vez que ela mesma é homossexual. Esta exposição traz reflexões e criações realizadas com teatro de sombras, teatro de objetos e teatro lambe-lambe, além de dialogar com artistas mulheres que foram inspiração e grande influência nas experiências cênicas e espetáculo criado pela respectiva autora.
Intervención del profesional del trabajo social con personas jóvenes y adultas con alguna discapacidad
Authors: Limón Aguirre Cecilia Guadalupe , Duarte Cruz Jose María
Published: December 2020

Esta investigación analiza los tipos de intervención del profesional de trabajo social con jóvenes y adultos que presentan alguna discapacidad. Se desarrolló en una asociación civil en Chiapas, México, mediante un abordaje cualitativo. Los hallazgos señalan que el modelo de la diversidad, centrado en el respeto, valoración de los derechos humanos, puede encaminarlos a procesos de resiliencia de largo plazo. La intervención debe tener presente el contexto histórico, social, familiar, económico, cultural y los aspectos biológicos del ser humano; además, concebir a estas personas como individuos con derechos, sentimientos, motivaciones y capacidades. Todo en su conjunto coadyuvará en la mejora de sus condiciones de vida y su integración en la sociedad.

This research was oriented to analyze and publicize the different types of intervention that can implement by the social work professional with young people and adults who have a disability. It was developed study in a civil association in the city of San Cristobal de Las Casas (SCLC), Chiapas, through a qualitative case. The findings indicate that the systemic approach focused on respecting and valuing human rights towards people with disabilities can lead them to long-term social resilience processes; Family support is an important element, therefore, in social work, specific actions that involve them should be promoted and thus increase the chances of integrating into society in a dignified manner.
Design af læremidler til engelskundervisningen på mellemtrinet
Authors: Jacobsen Susanne Karen , Jensen Benthe Fogh
Published: December 2020

I denne artikel vil vi præsentere og diskutere hvordan en rekonceptualisering  af indhold og metoder i engelskundervisningen på mellemtrinet kan kvalificere design af læremidler til fremmedsprogsundervisningen.

Artiklen falder i to dele. Først præsenteres vores vidensgrundlag, hvor vi med teoretiske perspektiver tager udgangspunkt i sprogtilegnelsesteorier funderet i et sociokulturelt læringssyn og systemisk funktionel lingvistik (M. A. K. & Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014) med integrationen af register som et underliggende system for progression i relation til elevernes mulighed for at udvikle deres (fag)sprog (Cummins, 2016) i et kognitivt udfordrende klasserum.

Herefter følger to empiriske perspektiver i form af et kritisk deltagerbaseret aktionsforskningsprojekt gennemført I 2018-2019 (Fogh Jensen 2019) samt lingvistiske og sociologiske analyser af elevsprog og opgaveformuleringer til folkeskolens afgangsprøve i engelsk (Jacobsen & Melgaard, 2019).

I anden del operationaliserer vi de teoretiske og empiriske perspektiver igennem et konkret didaktisk design til engelskundervisningen på mellemtrinet.
The quality of quality
Authors: Hansen Thomas Illum
Published: December 2020

The conception of good learning materials is an abstraction. Learning materials are always good for something and for someone and less good for other things and for someone else depending on the situated interaction between actors and materials. This article attempts to frame and understand the basic normativity in design, use and research of learning materials as a privileged example of how to understand complex and dynamic processes in teaching. The basic assumption is that research in learning materials has a certain prerogative as the focal point for a study of quality in teaching that the analysis will elaborate as a semiotic of quality. This semiotics of quality will be elaborated and exemplified through an analysis of the problem of representation in teaching, a multidimensional quality theory, a sketch of a meta-language on quality in learning materials, and finally an analysis of the quality of two paradigmatic learning materials.
Uma política ética: contribuição do pensamento ético de I. Ellacuría
Authors: Albuquerque Francisco das Chagas
Published: December 2020

No contexto de alastramento da corrupção tanto no campo da política como nasociedade, a reflexão sobre a Ética na Política se reveste de importância singular. Esteartigo apresenta os principais elementos da ética filosófica de Ignacio Ellacuría, filósofoe teólogo que atuou em El Salvador na segunda metade do século XX. Segundo o autor,a relação entre Ética e Política é não só possível, mas também necessária. A política éticaserá possível à medida que toma como parâmetro das decisões políticas a “retaconsciência”: uma consciência que corresponde à realidade da qual ela trata e a suasexigências. Para a explanação da temática serão tomados textos seletos do autor, assimcomo reflexões sobre seu legado intelectual. Parte-se da identificação das bases de seupensamento e em seguida expõe-se sua argumentação sobre esta temática. Suaperspectiva de uma política ética tem como critério primeiro a “opção preferencial pelospobres”, caracterizando-se como “ética da libertação”.
Alteridade, espiritualidade e pandemia
Authors: Ribeiro Claudio De Oliveira
Published: December 2020

O texto apresenta reflexões e resultados de pesquisa teológica sobre aspectos da situação gerada pelos efeitos da pandemia causada pela COVID-19 no Brasil e no mundo. Metodologicamente, a análise foi estruturada em três momentos. Um primeiro que indica os diferentes reflexos da pandemia nas vivências religiosas, realçando a presença simultânea de formas religiosas obscurantistas e de outras que se caracterizam pelo diálogo com as ciências e pela maturidade da responsabilidade social. Um segundo momento descreve em síntese o entendimento acerca das expressões espiritualidade e alteridade, focos da reflexão proposta. O terceiro mostra como aspectos da pandemia interpelam as relações básicas da constituição humana, como as que marcam o encontro do ser humano com o outro que lhe é diferente, do ser humano consigo mesmo, o encontro com o corpo, com a natureza e com a história, e o encontro humano-divino em sua multiformidade.
Uma abordagem histórica do ecumenismo pentecostal na América Latina
Authors: Baker Josiah
Published: December 2020

A história do envolvimento pentecostal no ecumenismo na América Latina continua pouco estudada, apesar da longa história de tal envolvimento em vários países. Essa ignorância histórica impede as iniciativas ecumênicas pentecostais de estudiosos e líderes eclesiais da região. Uma consciência da história revela a necessidade do ecumenismo e esclarece os obstáculos ao trabalho ecumênico. Para demonstrar o valor da pesquisa histórica, proponho uma estrutura tripartida que examina as relações em mudança dos pentecostais com protestantes, católicos e outros pentecostais em toda a América Latina. Suas relações com as igrejas protestantes são ambivalentes ao longo do tempo e da região, mesmo que as duas coexistam como evangélicos; suas relações com a Igreja católica se tornaram mais amargas ao longo das gerações; e suas relações com outras igrejas pentecostais frequentemente permaneceram inexistentes. O estudo das interações pentecostais com outras igrejas ajuda a construir uma identidade pentecostal latino-americana transnacional que apoia o trabalho futuro dos ecumenistas pentecostais na região.
Enerģijas bezvadu pārraides uz transporta līdzekļiem sistēmas efektivitātes paaugstināšana
Authors:   , Saltanovs Rodions
Published: December 2020

Darbā parādīta bezvadu enerģijas pārraides sistēma elektrotransportam. Darbā ir iekļauti vairāki risinājumi, kas ļauj stabilizēt elektroenerģijas pārvades sistēmas parametrus, kā arī sistēmas prototipu no 12 segmentiem konstrukcijas un testēšanas rezultātus.
Introduction to the treatise “Ocean of Reasoning: a Great Commentary on the Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamakakārikā” by Je Tsongkhapa
Authors: Urbanaeva Irina  Safronovna
Published: December 2020

The subject of this research is the content of the Tibetan text –  famous commentary work of the prominent Buddhist reformer and founder of the Gelugpa School Je Tsongkhapa (1357-1419) – “Ocean of Reasoning: a Great Commentary on the Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamakakārikā” known as "Wisdom"." (“dBu-ma-rtsa-ba’i-tshig-leur-byas-pa-shes-rab-ces-bya-ba’i-rnam-bshad-rigs-pa’i-rgya-mtsho-zhes-bya-ba-bzhugs-so”). It analyzes the content of the chapter of preliminary guidelines Tsongkhapa's writing, and preambular part of Tsongkhapa's authorial commentary to “Mūlamadhyamakakārikā”, referred to as the “introductory part” of the “Ocean of Reasoning”. The research is based on the materials translated by the author from the Tibetan language, which is the first ever translation of the original text into the Russian language. Analysis of the works of  Tsongkhapa allows concluding that it is the fundamental logical-analytical research of the “Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamakakārikā” carried out in Indo-Tibetan scholastic tradition, with attraction of multiple Buddhist primary sources – Sutras and Shastras, including basic Indian commentaries to Nāgārjuna's thesis, written by the ancient Indian philosophers Buddhapalita, Bhāviveka, and Candrakīrti. This text is an important source for introducing into the modern philosophical discourse of the doctrine of Madhyamaka School, represented particularly by the Tibetan Prāsaṅgika interpreters through Je Tsongkhapa.
Time of night and moonlight structure vertical space use by insectivorous bats in a Neotropical rainforest: an acoustic monitoring study
Authors: Gomes Dylan G.E. , Appel Giulliana , Barber Jesse R.
Published: December 2020

Background

Previous research has shown diverse vertical space use by various taxa, highlighting the importance of forest vertical structure. Yet, we know little about vertical space use of tropical forests, and we often fail to explore how this three-dimensional space use changes over time.

Methods

Here we use canopy tower systems in French Guiana and passive acoustic monitoring to measure Neotropical bat activity above and below the forest canopy throughout nine nights. We use a Bayesian generalized linear mixed effect model and kernel density estimates to demonstrate patterns in space-use over time.

Results

We found that different bats use both canopy and understory space differently and that these patterns change throughout the night. Overall, bats were more active above the canopy (includingCormura brevirostris, Molossus molossus, Peropteryx kappleriandPeropteryx macrotis), but multiple species or acoustic complexes (when species identification was impossible) were more active in the understory (such asCentronycteris maximiliani, Myotis riparius, Pteronotus alitonusandPteronotus rubiginosus). We also found that most bats showed temporally-changing preferences in hourly activity. Some species were less active (e.g.,P. kappleriandP. macrotis), whereas others were more active (Pteronotus gymnonotus, C. brevirostris, andM. molossus) on nights with higher moon illuminance.

Discussion

Here we show that Neotropical bats use habitat above the forest canopy and within the forest understory differently throughout the night. While bats generally were more active above the forest canopy, we show that individual groups of bats use space differently over the course of a night, and some prefer the understory. This work highlights the need to consider diel cycles in studies of space use, as animals use different habitats during different periods of the day.
INFLUÊNCIA DA PRECIPITAÇÃO E DO USO E OCUPAÇÃO DO SOLO NA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DA BACIA DO RIBEIRÃO ESPÍRITO SANTO – JUIZ DE FORA/MG
Authors: Silva Isabela Regina da , Brovini Emília Marques , Pereira Renata De Oliveira , Gomes Maria Helena Rodrigues
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência que a precipitação e o uso e ocupação do solo da bacia exercem sobre a qualidade da água do ribeirão Espírito Santo (RES). Foram analisados parâmetros de qualidade da água medidos em dez campanhas amostrais em três pontos no RES. Calcularam-se os índices de qualidade da água e de conformidade de enquadramento de cada ponto. Analisou-se estatisticamente a influência do período chuvoso e seco, e do uso e ocupação do solo na qualidade da água. Na área menos urbanizada, com atividades agropecuárias predominantes, verificou-se maior influência da pluviosidade na variação de alguns parâmetros e, nas áreas mais urbanizadas, a pluviosidade apresenta menor importância frente ao lançamento de efluentes. Destaca-se que o RES apresenta pontos cuja qualidade da água está degradada, sendo que o ponto que apresenta a pior qualidade e maior desconformidade de enquadramento é aquele que se encontra mais próximo do distrito industrial.
Забавы придворных
Authors: Вальтер Мап
Published: December 2020

Вальтер Мап (1130/1135—1209/1210) — английский священнослужитель и писатель, входил в окружение короля Англии Генриха II Плантагенета, чей двор во второй половине XII века был важным культурным и литературным центром Западной Европы. Мап играл значимую роль в интеллектуальной среде английского королевства и уже при жизни пользовался среди современников репутацией остроумца. Уроженец Уэльса, он принимал участие в зарождении легенды о короле Артуре. Главное сочинение Вальтера Мапа «Забавы придворных» — причудливое переплетение придворных сплетен, фольклорных историй и рассказов — по праву делает его одной из главных фигур культурного Ренессанса XII века. В подготовке издания принимали участие медиевисты Шмараков Роман Львович, доктор филологических наук, доцент Департамента филологии НИУ ВШЭ (петербургский кампус); Воскобойников Олег Сергеевич, доктор исторических наук, доктор Высшей школы социальных наук (Париж), профессор Школы исторических наук факультета гуманитарных наук НИУ ВШЭ, старший научный сотрудник Лаборатории медиевистических исследований НИУ ВШЭ, ординарный профессор Высшей школы экономики.
Effect of Vermicomposting and Composting of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) on Growth, Yield and Quality of Chickpea
Authors: Chetankumar C. , Vaidya P. H. , Zade S. P.
Published: December 2020

The present investigation was undertaken with an objective to understand the effect of municipal solid waste (MSW) vermicompost and compost on growth, yield and quality of chickpea. The experiment was laid in randomized block design with three replications and seven treatments  viz, T1 - RDF, T2 - RDF + vermicompost of MSW @ 2.5 t ha-1, T3 - RDF + vermicompost of MSW @ 5 t ha-1, T4 - RDF + vermicompost of MSW @ 7.5 t ha-1, T5 - RDF + compost of MSW @ 2.5 t ha-1, T6 -compost of MSW @ 5 t ha-1, T7 -compost of MSW @ 7.5 t ha-1. The field experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, Latur farm during the Rabi season 2016-2017. The recommended dose of fertilizer (25:50:00 N: P: K) and MSW vermicompost and compost was applied at the time of sowing. The results of field experiment revealed that the maximum availability of macro and micronutrients in soil, growth attributes viz. plant height and number of branches in all growth stages of chickpea were found at application of 7.5 tones of MSW vermicompost ha-1 along with 100% RDF (25:50:00 NPK) followed by application of 7.5 tones MSW compost ha-1 along with 100% RDF and which was significantly increased with increased levels of MSW vermicompost and compost. Similar trend was observed in case of yield and quality parameters viz., protein content of chickpea.
Molecular Characterization and in-vitro Regeneration of Wild Ganoderma lucidum from Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Haroun A. A. , Osuji C. E. , Alhaji A. I. , Ajibade A. , Onuh K. , Udo G. A. Etuk- , Etim V. A. , Onyenekwe P. C. , Abdulsalam M. S.
Published: December 2020

Aim: To demonstrate the importance of molecular identification of G. lucidum basidiomata, used as nutraceutics, in Abuja - Nigeria.

Study Design: Molecular characterization via comparative genomics and vitro regeneration of selected specimens of local G. lucidum from Abuja, Nigeria.

Place and Duration: Department of Biological Sciences, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna Nigeria and Biotechnology Advanced Research Center, Sheda Science and Technology Complex, Abuja between February 2018 to June 2019.

Methodology: Genomic DNAs of twelve (12) selected specimens were isolate in good quantities and qualities that were amenable to sharp and distinct PCR amplifications and Sanger’s sequence analyses. The molecular identification was performed using the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequences amplified from the samples to run similarity search with reference database sequences in the gene bank. In-vitro regeneration of the samples using tissue culture techniques in the laboratory was carried out following optimization of the surface sterilization, regeneration of pure mycelia and pure spawn formation.

Results: Nucleotide sequence data mining of the national centre for biotechnology information (NCBI) with the query sequences using basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) showed that 25% of the samples are not G. lucidum. This implies a significant difference between the morphological and molecular identification at (n-1) degree of freedom with (p= .01).

Conclusion: The molecular identification and in-vitro regeneration of local G. lucidum is indeed a necessity for proper and effective utilization of the mushroom because there is a significant potential margin of error in the use of morphological characteristics for G. lucidum identification as observed through this molecular analysis.
A modeling exercise to show why population models should incorporate distinct life histories of dispersers
Authors: Deere Jacques A. , van den Berg Ilona , Roth Gregory , Smallegange Isabel M.
Published: December 2020

Dispersal is an important form of movement influencing population dynamics, species distribution and gene flow between populations. In population models, dispersal is often included in a simplified manner by removing a random proportion of the population. Many ecologists now argue that models should be formulated at the level of individuals instead of the population level. To fully understand the effects of dispersal on natural systems, it is therefore necessary to incorporate individual‐level differences in dispersal behavior in population models. Here, we parameterized an integral projection model, which allows for studying how individual life histories determine population‐level processes, using bulb mites,Rhizoglyphus robini, to assess to what extent dispersal expression (frequency of individuals in the dispersal stage) and dispersal probability affect the proportion of successful dispersers and natal population growth rate. We find that allowing for life‐history differences between resident phenotypes and disperser phenotypes shows that multiple combinations of dispersal probability and dispersal expression can produce the same proportion of leaving individuals. Additionally, a given proportion of successful dispersing individuals result in different natal population growth rates. The results highlight that dispersal life histories, and the frequency with which disperser phenotypes occur in the natal population, significantly affect population‐level processes. Thus, biological realism of dispersal population models can be increased by incorporating the typically observed life‐history differences between resident phenotypes and disperser phenotypes, and we here present a methodology to do so.
Tetraspanin 1 promotes endometriosis leading to ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Shin Ha‐Yeon , Yang Wookyeom , Chay Doo Byung , Lee Eun‐ju , Chung Joon‐Yong , Kim Hyun‐Soo , Kim Jae‐Hoon
Published: December 2020

Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) reportedly develops from endometriosis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its malignant progression to OCCC remains elusive. This study aimed to identify an essential gene in the malignant transformation of endometriosis to OCCC. We performed RNA sequencing in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues of endometriosis (n = 9), atypical endometriosis (AtyEm) (n = 18), adjacent endometriosis to OCCC (AdjEm) (n = 7), and OCCC (n = 17). We found that tetraspanin 1 (TSPAN1) mRNA level was significantly increased by 2.4‐ (DESeq2) and 3.4‐fold (edgeR) in AtyEm and by 80.7‐ (DESeq2) and 101‐fold (edgeR) in OCCC relative to endometriosis. We confirmed that TSPAN1 protein level was similarly overexpressed in OCCC tissues and cell lines. In immortalized endometriosis cell lines, TSPAN1 overexpression enhanced cell growth and invasion. Mechanistically, TSPAN1 triggered AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, promoting endometriosis and cell growth. Upregulated levels of TSPAN1 are considered an early event in the development of high‐risk endometriosis that could progress to ovarian cancer. Our study suggests the potential of TSPAN1 as a screening candidate for high‐risk endometriosis.
microRNA‐637 promotes apoptosis and suppresses proliferation and autophagy in multiple myeloma cell lines via NUPR1
Authors: Chen Xuanxin , Li Anmao , Zhan Qian , Jing Zizi , Chen Yiyu , Chen Jianbin
Published: December 2020

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease with poor prognosis. Increasing evidence has revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) are strongly associated with the pathogenesis and progression of MM. Here, we investigated the role of microRNA‐637 (miR‐637) in MM to identify potential therapeutic targets. We measured the expression of miR‐637 in bone marrow samples of MM patients and MM cell lines by quantitative real‐time PCR and western blot. The effect of miR‐637 on proliferation and apoptosis of MM primary cells was also investigated. Analyses of four bioinformatics databases showed that miR‐637 is associated with nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) in MM cells, which was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. We found that the overexpression of miR‐637 suppressed the development of MM. miR‐637 mimics increased the levels of Bax, cleaved caspase 3, and P62, and decreased the levels of Bcl2 and LC3. Additionally, luciferase reporter assays were performed to demonstrate that NUPR1 is the main target of miR‐637 in MM cells. Overexpression of NUPR1 reversed the effects of miR‐637 mimics in MM cells. Our results suggest that miR‐637 inhibits cell proliferation and autophagy, and promotes apoptosis in MM cells by targeting NUPR1. Our findings also suggest that miR‐637 may have potential as a novel molecular therapeutic target for MM treatment.
Precious Metal Separations
Authors: Narita Hirokazu , Kasuya Ryo , Suzuki Tomoya , Motokawa Ryuhei , Tanaka Mikiya
Published: December 2020

Separation of precious metals (PMs) is becoming increasingly important because of their growing application in industrial products, such as electronics and catalysts. Most PM separation and purification processes are performed using acidic chloride solutions; therefore, a thorough understanding of the chemical properties and separation mechanisms of PM chloridometalates in solution is of key importance for improving these processes. This article focuses on the solvent extraction of PM ions from acidic chloride solutions as the main technology for the mutual separation of PMs. In addition, leaching methods, dominant species in acidic chloride solutions, and non‐solvent‐extraction separation methods are discussed.
Lower urinary tract and bowel dysfunction in spinocerebellar ataxias
Authors: Afonso Ribeiro Joana , Simeoni Sara , De Min Lorenzo , Uchiyama Tomoyuki , Tung Lo Yu , Solanky Nita , Garcia‐Moreno Hector , Giunti Paola , Panicker Jalesh N.
Published: December 2020

Background

Little information is available in spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) regarding pelvic organ symptoms. The aim of this study was to characterize the lower urinary tract (LUT) and bowel dysfunction in autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxias.

Methods

Patients with confirmed SCAs attending a tertiary care service were approached about LUT and bowel complaints, and completed validated questionnaires: urinary symptom profile (USP), Qualiveen‐Short form, International Prostate Symptom Score, and Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction Score. SCA3 and SCA7 patients with urological complaints additionally underwent urodynamic studies (UDS). Patients’ characterization included demographic, clinical (Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), Inventory of Non‐Ataxia Signs (INAS)), and genetic variables. Descriptive and comparative analyses were performed.

Results

Fifty‐one patients participated: SCA1 (n = 4), SCA2 (n = 11), SCA3 (n = 13), SCA6 (n = 17), and SCA7 (n = 6). The prevalence of self‐reported LUT symptoms was 60.8% (n = 31), whereas LUT symptoms was reported in 86.3%(n = 44) using the USP. Both storage and voiding symptoms were reported, urinary frequency and urgency being the most frequent (n = 34, 68%). Although LUT symptoms were most often classed as mild (n = 27, 61.4%), they impacted QoL in 38 patients (77.6%). Of these, 21 (55.3%) were not on pharmacological treatment for urinary dysfunction. Most common abnormalities in UDS (n = 14) were detrusor overactivity (storage phase) and detrusor underactivity (voiding phase). Bowel symptoms were less common (31.4%, n = 16) and of mild severity.

Conclusion

LUT symptoms are prevalent in SCA patients and impact QoL, whereas bowel symptoms tend to be mild. These symptoms are overlooked by patients and physicians due to the complexity of neurological involvement in SCA, and therefore a multidisciplinary management approach should be adopted.
Juvenile Spondyloarthritis in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry: High Biologic Use, Low Prevalence of HLA–B27, and Equal Sex Representation in Sacroiliitis
Authors: Rumsey Dax G. , Lougee Aimee , Matsouaka Roland , Collier David H. , Schanberg Laura E. , Schenfeld Jennifer , Shiff Natalie J. , Stoll Matthew L. , Stryker Scott , Weiss Pamela F. , Beukelman Timothy ,   for the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry Investigators
Published: December 2020

Objective

To describe characteristics of children with enthesitis‐related arthritis (ERA) and juvenile psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who were enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) registry.

Methods

All children with ERA and those with juvenile PsA were identified. Demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and treatments were described. The children with sacroiliitis and those without sacroiliitis were compared. In the children with sacroiliitis, the first visit with clinically active sacroiliitis (which came first in 72% of cases) was compared to the first visit without clinically active sacroiliitis.

Results

A total of 902 children with ERA or juvenile PsA were identified. Children with ERA were older at diagnosis (ages 10.8 years versus 8.2 years; P < 0.01) and were more likely to be male (56% versus 38%; P < 0.01). Polyarticular involvement was reported in 57% of children with ERA and in 72% of those with juvenile PsA. Of the children tested, HLA–B27 was positive in 38% of those in the ERA group and in 12% of those in the juvenile PsA group. At least 1 biologic was taken by 72% of those with ERA and 64% of those with juvenile PsA.

Sacroiliitis (diagnosed clinically and/or by imaging) was reported in 28% of the children (40% of those with ERA and 12% of those with juvenile PsA). Of these, 54% of the children were female, 36% were HLA–B27 positive, and 81% took at least 1 biologic. In children with sacroiliitis, scores according to the physician global assessment of disease activity, parent/patient global assessment of well‐being, and clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score 10 were all significantly worse at the first visit with clinically active sacroiliitis versus the first visit without active sacroiliitis.

Conclusion

In this registry, there are more than 900 children with ERA or juvenile PsA. There was high biologic use in this population, especially in those with sacroiliitis. Further, there was equal sex representation in those children with sacroiliitis.
Clinicopathologic Associations in a Large International Cohort of Patients With Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Putman Michael S. , Gribbons K. Bates , Ponte Cristina , Robson Joanna , Suppiah Ravi , Craven Anthea , Watts Richard , Luqmani Raashid , Merkel Peter A. , Archer Amy M. , Grayson Peter C.
Published: December 2020

Objective

In addition to aiding in diagnosis, histopathologic findings from temporal artery biopsy (TAB) specimens in giant cell arteritis (GCA) may be valuable for their associations with clinical features of the disease. This study was undertaken to compare histopathologic findings on TAB with biopsy interpretation and demographic, clinical, and imaging features at time of diagnosis.

Methods

Patients with a clinical diagnosis of GCA who had a TAB were selected from an international, multicenter observational cohort of vasculitis. Associations between demographic, clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic features were identified using bivariate testing and multivariate regression modeling.

Results

Of 705 patients with GCA who underwent TAB, 69% had histopathologic evidence of definite vasculitis. Specific histopathologic findings included the presence of giant cells (51%), fragmentation of the internal elastic lamina (41%), intimal thickening (33%), and predominantly mononuclear leukocyte infiltration (32%). Histopathologic interpretation of definite vasculitis was independently associated with giant cells (odds ratio [OR] 151.8 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 60.2–551.6]), predominantly mononuclear leukocyte infiltration (OR 11.8 [95% CI 5.9–24.9]), and fragmentation of the internal elastic lamina (OR 3.7 [95% CI 1.9–7.4]). A halo sign on temporal artery ultrasound and luminal damage of large arteries on angiography were significantly associated with presence of giant cells (OR 2.6 [95% CI 1.1–6.5] and OR 2.4 [95% CI 1.1–5.2], respectively). Specific histopathologic findings were associated with older age, but no associations were identified with vision loss or other clinical features.

Conclusion

Histopathologic findings in GCA are strongly associated with the clinical diagnosis of GCA but have a limited role in identifying patterns of disease.
Nanostructured Bulk Titanium with Enhanced Properties—Strategies and Prospects for Dental Applications
Authors: Sotniczuk Agata , Garbacz Halina
Published: December 2020

Nanostructuring delivers significant enhancement of Ti mechanical strength and reduces the size of dental implants while avoiding undesirable alloying elements such as Al or V. Implant miniaturization is vital for patients who lack the space in the oral cavity for standard replacements. Herein, a number of strategies proposed in recent years are summarized to optimize the properties of nanostructured Ti products in respect of dental applications: bulk modifications, surface modifications, and deposition of bioactive coatings. Insight into how changes in microstructure induced by the process of fabricating nanograined Ti may be successfully exploited to improve surface properties, which are an essential feature of modern dental healthcare, is provided.
Influence of a Hot Extrusion with Rectangular‐Section on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of 0.5 wt% Graphene Nanoplate‐Reinforced Aluminum Composites
Authors: Lou Shumei , Liu Yongqiang , Qu Chuandong , Guo Guangxin , Ran Lingwei , Zhang Pingping , Su Chunjian
Published: December 2020

A hot extrusion process for obtaining rectangular cross‐sections is applied to a graphene nanoplate (GNP)‐reinforced aluminum (Al) composite (GNP/Al) composite. After extrusion, the GNP dispersion is more uniform and its layer number decreases, whereas the proportion of small grains increases; the composite and pure aluminum exhibit a typical extrusion texture. Distinct equiaxed grains, which are attributed to graphene presence, are visible on the composite section in the extrusion normal direction, whereas the pure aluminum presents spindle‐shaped grain in the same direction. Certain high‐disorientation angles are generated, indicating the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization during the extrusion process. The tensile strength of the GNP/Al composite is moderately improved (11.2%), whereas its plasticity increases insignificantly. This relative small enhancement is attributed to the relative small extrusion ratio. The amount of strength reinforcement (induced by hot extrusion) calculates by the shear lag model is in good agreement with the experimental results, indicating that the shear lag strengthening model can accurately predict the strengthening effect of the hot extrusion process.
In Situ Construction of Uniform and Robust Cathode–Electrolyte Interphase for Li‐Rich Layered Oxides
Authors: Zhao Jingteng , Liang Yuan , Zhang Xu , Zhang Zihe , Wang Errui , He Shiman , Wang Boya , Han Zhijie , Lu Jun , Amine Khalil , Yu Haijun
Published: December 2020

High‐energy‐density Li‐rich layered oxides (LLOs) as promising cathodes for Li‐ion batteries suffer from the dissolution of transition metals (especially manganese) and severe side reactions in conventional electrolytes, which greatly deteriorate their electrochemical performance. Herein, an in situ “anchoring + pouring” synergistic cathode–electrolyte interphase (CEI) construction is realized by using 1,3,6‐hexanetricarbonitrile (HTCN) and tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate (TMSP) electrolyte additives to alleviate the challenges of an LLO (Li1.13Mn0.517Ni0.256Co0.097O2). HTCN with three nitrile groups can tightly anchor transition metals by coordinative interaction to form the CEI framework, and TMSP will electrochemically decompose to reshape the CEI layer. The uniform and robust in situ constructed CEI layer can suppress the transition metal dissolution, shield the cathode against diverse side reactions, and significantly improve the overall electrochemical performance of the cathod with a discharge voltage decay of only 0.5 mV cycle−1. Further investigations based on a series of experimental techniques and theoretical calculations have revealed the composition of in situ constructed CEI layers and their distribution, including the enhanced HTCN anchoring effect after lattice densification of LLOs. This study provides insights into the in situ CEI construction for enhancing the performance of high‐energy and high‐voltage cathode materials through effective, convenient, and economical electrolyte approaches.
Red AIE Luminogens with Tunable Organelle Specific Anchoring for Live Cell Dynamic Super Resolution Imaging
Authors: Lv Zheng , Man Zhongwei , Cui Hongtu , Xu Zhenzhen , Cao Huanhuan , Li Shuai , Liao Qing , He Qihua , Zheng Lemin , Fu Hongbing
Published: December 2020

Lysosomes and mitochondria play an important role in maintaining cell homeostasis. Visualizing the long‐term activities of lysosomes and mitochondria on the nanometer scale in live cells is essential for further understanding their functions but remains challenging due to the limitations of existing fluorescent probes, such as aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effect, limited signal‐to‐noise ratio from fluorescence “always on” in the process of targeting organelle and poor photobleaching resistance. Herein, two efficient red‐emitting aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) luminogens are reported, which showed “off‐on” fluorescence characteristic and specific lysosomes as well as mitochondria targeting capability. Owing to their AIE characteristics, a Stokes’ shift larger than 100 nm, good biocompatibility, and excellent photostability, the AIE luminogens have been successfully utilized for high fidelity imaging of lysosomes and mitochondria. By virtue of these two probes, stimulated emission depletion (STED) images of dynamic lysosomal fusion and mitochondrial fission with a high resolution of 65.6 nm are obtained. Furthermore, the interactions between lysosomes and mitochondria in the process of mitophagy are recorded. This study also provides practical guidance for designing specific organelle targeting probes to support live cell dynamic super‐resolution imaging.
Spatially Controlled Lithium Deposition on Silver‐Nanocrystals‐Decorated TiO2 Nanotube Arrays Enabling Ultrastable Lithium Metal Anode
Authors: Lu Yanzhong , Wang Jinshan , Chen Yang , Zheng Xinyu , Yao Hurong , Mathur Sanjay , Hong Zhensheng
Published: December 2020

3D scaffolds and heterogeneous seeds are two effective ways to guide Li deposition and suppress Li dendrite growth. Herein, 3D TiO2 nanotube (TNT) arrays decorated using ultrafine silver nanocrystals (7–10 nm) through cathodic reduction deposition are first demonstrated as a confined space host for lithium metal deposition. First, TiO2 possesses intrinsic lithium affinity with large Li absorption energy, which facilitates Li capture. Then, ultrafine silver nanocrystals decoration allows the uniform and selective nucleation in nanoscale without a nucleation barrier, leading to the extraordinary formation of lithium metal importing into 3D nanotube arrays. As a result, Li metal anode deposited on such a binary architecture (TNT‐Ag‐Li) delivers a high Coulomb efficiency at around 99.4% even after 300 cycles with a capacity of 2 mA h cm−2. Remarkably, TNT‐Ag‐Li exhibits ultralow overpotential of 4 mV and long‐term cycling life over 2500 h with a capacity of 2 mAh cm–2 in Li symmetric cells. Moreover, the full battery with 3D spaced Li nanotubes anode and LiFeO4 cathode exhibits a stable and high capacity of 115 mA h g–1 at 5 C and an excellent Coulombic efficiency of ≈100% over 500 cycles.
Substitutionally Dispersed High‐Oxidation CoOx Clusters in the Lattice of Rutile TiO2 Triggering Efficient CoTi Cooperative Catalytic Centers for Oxygen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Yan Yong , Liu Chunyue , Jian Hanwen , Cheng Xing , Hu Ting , Wang Dong , Shang Lu , Chen Ge , Schaaf Peter , Wang Xiayan , Kan Erjun , Zhang Tierui
Published: December 2020

The development of economical, highly active, and robust electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is one of the major obstacles for producing affordable water splitting systems and metal‐air batteries. Herein, it is reported that the subnanometric CoOx clusters with high oxidation state substitutionally dispersed in the lattice of rutile TiO2 support (Co‐TiO2) can be prepared by a thermally induced phase segregation process. Owing to the strong interaction of CoOx clusters and TiO2 support, Co‐TiO2 exhibits both excellent intrinsic activity and durability for OER. The turnover frequency of Co‐TiO2 is up to 3.250 s−1 at overpotentials of 350 mV; this value is one of the highest in terms of OER performance among the current Co‐based active materials under similar testing conditions; moreover, the OER current density loss is only 6.5% at a constant overpotential of 400 mV for 30 000 s, which is superior to the benchmark Co3O4 and RuO2 catalysts. Mechanism analysis demonstrates that charge transfer occurs between Co sites and their neighboring Ti atoms, triggering the efficient CoTi cooperative catalytic centers, in which OH* and O* are preferred to be adsorbed on the bridging sites of Co and Ti with favorable adsorption energy, inducing a lower energy barrier for O2 generation.
An Engineered Biomimetic Peptide Regulates Cell Behavior by Synergistic Integrin and Growth Factor Signaling
Authors: Oliver‐Cervelló Lluís , Martin‐Gómez Helena , Reyes Leslie , Noureddine Fatima , Ada Cavalcanti‐Adam Elisabetta , Ginebra Maria‐Pau , Mas‐Moruno Carlos
Published: December 2020

Recreating the healing microenvironment is essential to regulate cell–material interactions and ensure the integration of biomaterials. To repair bone, such bioactivity can be achieved by mimicking its extracellular matrix (ECM) and by stimulating integrin and growth factor (GF) signaling. However, current approaches relying on the use of GFs, such as bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2), entail clinical risks. Here, a biomimetic peptide integrating the RGD cell adhesive sequence and the osteogenic DWIVA motif derived from the wrist epitope of BMP‐2 is presented. The approach offers the advantage of having a spatial control over the single binding of integrins and BMP receptors. Such multifunctional platform is designed to incorporate 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine to bind metallic oxides with high affinity in a one step process. Functionalization of glass substrates with the engineered peptide is characterized by physicochemical methods, proving a successful surface modification. The biomimetic interfaces significantly improve the adhesion of C2C12 cells, inhibit myotube formation, and activate the BMP‐dependent signaling via p38. These effects are not observed on surfaces displaying only one bioactive motif, a mixture of both motifs or soluble DWIVA. These data prove the biological potential of recreating the ECM and engaging in integrin and GF crosstalk via molecular‐based mimics.