bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The functional and biological properties of whey proteins: prospects for the development of functional foods
Authors: Korhonen Hannu , Pihlanto-Leppälä Anne , Rantamäki Pirjo , Tupasela Tuomo
Published: July 2018

Advances in processing technologies and the accumulation of scientific data on the functional and biological properties of whey components have contributed to the growing commercial valuation of cheese whey over the last decade. New membrane separation and chromatographic techniques have made it possible to fractionate and enrich various components of whey more efficiently than before. The specific properties of these components can now be examined in greater detail and new applications developed accordingly. The utilisation of cheese whey is evolving into a new industry producing a multitude of purified ingredients for numerous purposes. The most significant areas of R&D related to whey proteins include functional foods, the rheological properties of foodstuffs, and biopharmaceuticals.
Effect of type of forage offered and breed on performance of crossbred suckler heifers and their calves
Authors: Manninen Merja , Aaronen Ilmo , Puntila Marja-Leena , Heikkilä Reijo , Jaakkola Seija
Published: July 2018

Thirty Hereford-Ayrshire (HfAy) and 29 Limousine-Ayrshire (LiAy) spring-calving heifers in calf to a Aberdeen Angus (Ab) bull were used to study the effects of cow breed and winter diet on performance. The diets were either primarily based on hay (H, 2/3 of dry matter (DM) intake, silage 1/3) or silage (S, 2/3 of DM intake, hay 1/3). In addition, animals were offered 1.0 kg milled barley per head daily for two months prior to calving and 1.5 kg/day from calving until grazing commenced. Animals also had free access to barley straw. During the indoor feeding period from 15 December to 1 June HfAy-heifers consumed slightly but not significantly more feed DM, metabolizable energy and AAT (amino acids absorbed from the small intestine) than LiAy-heifers on both diets. At the start of the experiment LiAy- and HfAy-heifers were 572 and 596 (P
Selection for milk constituents in dairy cattle
Authors: Juga Jarmo
Published: July 2018

Alternative selection combinations of milk traits were studied by the selection index method. The current pricing system in Finland does not encourage weighting fat or protein content, while the most profitable objective, when looking at farmer’s net income, is breeding for milk yield. Because of low protein content in milk and consumer attitudes, which prefer protein to fat, the main objective in the Finnish dairy cattle breeding program is protein yield. Selection for protein yield changes the protein to fat ratio to desirable direction by increasing the protein content and decreasing the fat content. Changes in constituents are small though. Changing the breeding objective from protein yield to protein content would require a considerable change in the pricing system.
Calcium, magnesium and potassium in mineral soils from the southern half of Finland
Authors: Kaila Armi
Published: July 2018

210 samples of mineral soils from the southern half of Finland with mainly an acid precambrian bedrock, were analysed for the total contents of Ca, Mg and K, and for the portion of these nutrients which could be exchanged by N NH4OAc (pH 7), dissolved by 0.1 N HCI at room temperature, or released by N HCI at 50° C. The total content of Ca was lowest in samples of heavy clay, 0.78±0.14 % in the surface soils and 0.92±0.10 % in the deeper layers. The mean content in the groups of other soils was at least about 1.1 %. The total content of Mg increased with an increase in the clay content (r = 0.81***). It ranged from 0.6±0.1 % in the sand and fine sand samples to 1.53±0.19 % in the heavy clay soils of the surface layers and to 1.89±0.12 % in those of the deeper layers. Also in the groups of loam and silt soils and of the coarser clay soils, respectively, the Mg content was in the deeper layers higher than in the surface soils. The total content of K also increased with the clay content (r=0.73***) from 1.7±0.1 % in the sand and fine sand soils to 2.74±0.21 % in the heavy clay soils of the surface layers and to 3.10±0.07 % in those of the deeper layers. The portion of exchangeable Ca was relatively high: in the groups of surface soils from more than one tenth to one third of the total amount. The corresponding average amounts released by even the more drastic treatment with acid were not markedly higher. Only a few per cents of total Mg were exchangeable and slightly higher amounts were dissolved by 0.1 N HCI, whereas the treatment with N HCI at 50° C released about half of the total Mg. Exchangeable K and K dissolved by 0,1 N HCI did not exceed 1 % of the total K, except slightly in the heavy clay soils; the average amounts released by N HCI ranged from 5 to 18 % of the total K. The plant availability of these nutrients was discussed.
NPK-lannoituksen vaikutus perunoiden kemialliseen koostumukseen
Authors: Varis Eero
Published: July 2018

NPK-lannoituksen vaikutusta Pito-perunan mukuloiden kemialliseen koostumukseen kasvukauden aikana tutkittiin Hankkijan kasvinjalostuslaitoksen Anttilan koetilalla vuosina 1967, 1968 ja 1970. Mukuloiden kuiva-aine- ja tärkkelyspitoisuus vaihteli suuresti vuosittain varsinkin kasvukauden alkupuolella. Mukuloiden N-pitoisuus vaihteli vuosittain. Se oli korkein kasvukauden alussa ja lopussa. Typpilannoituksen lisääminen nosti huomattavasti mukuloiden N-pitoisuutta. Mukuloiden P-pitoisuus vaihteli sangen paljon vuosittain ja se nousi kasvukauden lopulla, tosin hitaammin kuin kuiva-ainepitoisuus. Typpilannoituksen lisääminen alensi mukuloiden P-pitoisuutta, fosforilannoitus nosti sitä. Mukuloiden K-pitoisuus vaihteli vuosittain suhteellisen vähän. Tuoreiden perunoiden K-pitoisuus nousi kasvukauden loppua kohti, mutta hitaammin kuin kuiva-ainepitoisuus. Kalilannoitus ja osittain myös typpilannoitus nostivat mukuloiden K-pitoisuutta. Mukuloiden Ca-pitoisuus vaihteli vuosittain ja aleni kasvukauden loppua kohti. Typpilannoitus alensi, fosforilannoitus nosti perunoiden Ca-pitoisuutta. Mukuloiden Mg-pitoisuus muuttui kasvukauden kuluessa nousten sen lopulla. Sekä typpi- että fosforilannoitus alensivat mukuloiden Mg-pitoisuutta. Perunoiden kemiallisen koostumuksen mahdollisia yleisiä muutoksia tarkasteltiin vanhojen analyysitulosten, muuttuneiden maan viljavuusarvojen ja nykyisen lannoituksen pohjalta.
Sokeri- ja tärkkelyslisäyksen vaikutus säilörehun sulavuuteen ja typen pidättymiseen pässeillä
Authors: Salo Maija-Liisa , Orakoski Harri , Suomi Kaija
Published: July 2018

Sokeri- ja tärkkelyslisäyksen vaikutusta säilörehun sulavuuteen tutkittiin kuudella pässillä, joista kaksi oli kasvavaa, neljä täysikasvuista. Koe oli järjestetty kahden peräkkäisen 3x3 latinalaisen neliön muotoon. Kokeessa 1 lisättiin dieettiin 0, 50 g tai 100 g sakkaroosia/eläin/pv. Kokeessa 2 lisäys oli 0, 200 g sakkaroosia tai 200 g vehnäntärkkelystä/eläin/pv. Vastaava ry-määrä säilörehua vähennettiin. Hiilihydraattilisäykset vastasivat noin 10, 20 ja 40 % nettoenergiasta. Pässit saivat lisäksi kivennäistä ja 200 g:n lisäaineryhmät kaseiinia 15.0 g/pv. Kokeen 1 dieetit sisälsivät raakavalkuaista noin 13—18 %, kokeen 2 15—24 % k.a:sta. Energiansaanti oli vähän yli ylläpitotarpeen. Sakkaroosi ei vaikuttanut käytännöllisesti katsoen mitään säilörehun orgaanisen aineen, hemiselluloosan, selluloosan eikä raakaproteiinin todelliseen sulavuuteen annettiinpa sitä 50, 100 tai 200 g/pv. Tärkkelyksellä todettiin pieni sulavuutta alentava vaikutus, mikä ei kuitenkaan ollut tilastollisesti merkitsevä. Kokeessa 2 määritettiin myös typpitase. Sekä sakkaroosi- että tärkkelys alensi vähän, joskaan ei merkitsevästi, typen pidättymistä. Keskenään sakkaroosi ja tärkkelys olivat tässä kohden samanarvoisia.
Rehuyhdistelmän sokeripitoisuuden vaikutus lehmien maidontuotantoon ja veriarvoihin
Authors: Salo Maija-Liisa , Immonen Matti , Luomajärvi Ulla
Published: July 2018

Lypsylehmillä verrattiin keskenään kahta rehuyhdistelmää, joista A sisälsi sokeria (monosakkarideja + sakkaroosia + fruktosaaneja) noin 300 g/pv, B noin 1250 g/pv. A koostui märästä säilörehusta, ohrasta, pienestä määrästä heinää ja hiivaa tai mäskiä, B heinästä, ohrasta, melassileikkeestä ja pienestä määrästä säilörehua ja soijarouhetta. Syödyn kuiva-ainemäärän korsirehu: väkirehusuhde oli ryhmällä A noin 60:40, ryhmällä B noin 40:60. Rehuyksiköitä ja valkuaista kumpikin ryhmä sai yli normien. Kokeessa oli kuuden ensimmäisen viikon ajan kuusi lehmää/ryhmä ja seuraavien kuuden viikon ajan 34 lehmää/ryhmä. Ryhmä A tuotti 4-prosenttista maitoa ensimmäisenkuuden viikon aikana 18.8 ± 1.2 kg/lehmä/pv ja koko 12 viikon aikana 17.9 ± 1.3 kg/lehmä/pv. Ryhmällä B vastaavat tuotosluvut olivat 20.3 ± 1.2 ja 19.2 ± 1.6. Maidon rasvaprosentit olivat vastaavasti A: 4.25 ± 0.02 ja 4.40 ± 0.02; B; 4.28 ± 0.09 ja 4.44 ± 0.02. Mikään ero A ja B ryhmän välillä ei ollut tilastollisesti merkitsevä (P > 0.05). Molempien rehuyhdistelmien maittavuus oli hyvä, sillä kun ylläpitotarve oli vähennetty, jäi maidontuotantoon ryhmällä A keskimäärin 0.47 ry, ryhmällä B 0.45 ry/kg 4 % maitoa. Veren hemoglobiini-, glukoosi-, ketoaine-, kalsium-, magnesium- ja fosforipitoisuudesta ei ryhmien välillä liioin todettu merkitsevää eroa (P > 0.05). Hematokriittipitoisuus oli ryhmällä A korkeampi (P < 0.01).
Biochar application to temperate soils: effects on nutrient uptake and crop yield under field conditions
Authors: Karer Jasmin , Wimmer Bernhard , Zehetner Franz , Kloss Stefanie , Soja Gerhard
Published: July 2018

The benefits of biochar (BC) application to fertile, non-acidic soils in temperate climate regions might not always be as evident as for highly weathered tropical soils. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of BC on soil characteristics, nutrient uptake and crop yield in field experiments on two temperate soils (Cambisol and Chernozem) in Austria. Maize and wheat (Cambisol), and barley and sunflower (Chernozem) were grown in successive vegetation periods following different BC application rates (0, 24 and 72 t ha-1 at the start of the experiment), supplemented with identical mineral N supply in 33 m² plots. BC treatments showed varying impacts on nutrient uptake of the investigated crops. The first growing season in the Chernozem region was affected by a prolonged drought period, which resulted in positive effects of BC on soil water-holding capacity (WHC) and barley crop yield (+ 10%) for the 72 t ha-1 BC + N treatment compared to a control with identical nutrient supply but without BC. However, maize and wheat grain yield decreased by 46 and 70%, respectively, after the highest BC application rate (72 t ha-1) in an additional treatment without supplementary N-fertilisation. Still, even with high BC application rates we did not observe any adverse effects on crop yield and nutrient uptake, as long as the soil was supplied with sufficient N according to local agricultural practice.
Analisis Pola Persebaran Pornografi pada Media Sosial dengan Social Network Analysis
Authors: Anwar Muchamad Taufiq
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The rise of social media had opened up an easy and fast way to distribute pornographic content through it. Although the negative effects linked to porn consumption are still inconclusive, government had established regulation regarding porn creation, distribution, and ownership. Unfortunately, the regulation is not well run. Porn are freely distributed through social media without any reaction from the authorities. This reseach aims to understand the distribution pattern and to find key players in the distribution of porn in social media using Social Network Analysis (SNA) so that mitigative actions could be made. Result shows that porn were first published by popular ‘Publisher’ accounts, re-shared by other publisher accounts or ‘Retweeters’, and unidirectionally consumed by followers (‘Consumers’). Interpretation and research limitations were discussed. Keywords: pornography distribution, social media, Social Network Analysis.Abstrak. Analisis Pola Persebaran Pornografi pada Media Sosial dengan Social Network Analysis. Kemunculan internet dan media sosial telah membuka cara yang mudah dan cepat untuk mendistribusikan konten pornografi. Meskipun dampak negatif yang terkait dengan konsumsi pornografi masih belum dapat disimpulkan, pemerintah telah menetapkan peraturan mengenai pembuatan, distribusi, dan kepemilikan pornografi. Sayangnya, peraturan itu tidak berjalan dengan baik. Materi pornografi didistribusikan secara bebas melalui media sosial tanpa ada reaksi dari pihak berwenang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pola distribusi dan menemukan pemain kunci dalam distribusi pornografi di media sosial menggunakan Social Network Analysis (SNA) sehingga tindakan mitigasi dapat dilakukan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa film porno pertama kali diterbitkan oleh akun 'Publisher' populer, dibagikan ulang oleh akun Publisher lain atau ‘Retweeter’, dan dikonsumsi secra searah oleh pengikut (‘Consumer’). Interpretasi dan keterbatasan penelitian kemudian dibahas. Kata Kunci: distribusi pornografi, media sosial, Social Network Analysis.
Mining-Trading Cryptocurrency dalam Hukum Islam
Authors: Zain Muhammad Fuad
Published: July 2018

This paper discusses the mining-trading of cryptocurrency in Islamic law as a digital asset that has recently been traded in cyberspace. The value of cryptocurrency is soaring and fluctuation and it is influenced by the demand of buying and selling. Indodax.com is the official digital asset site in Indonesia that trades more than 13 digital currencies. As we know, digital currencies are not electronic money, even though the characteristic is similar. Starting from this, I analyze whether cryptocurrency is worthy of being value as money that has a certain value. Until now, the Indonesian government through Bank Indonesia has published regulation Number 16/8/PBI/ 2014, which explicitly prohibits using bitcoin and altcoin on financial transactions. Otherwise, MUI (Indonesian Ulema Council) has not issued a fatwa yet related to cryptocurrency. From here, I focuse on this study to the law of cryptocurrency in Islamic law. Bitcoin has advantages and disadvantages. Among its advantages are the user can use exchange or transaction without third service (bank), and it can be traded in merchandise shops. But, the disadvantages of bitcoin are mach more, such as fluctuating value every times, it is not listed as a commodity, it is not watched by Financial Services Authority (OJK), it presents the element of gharar (uncertainty) and maysir (gambling or bet), which makes it possible to be used for money laundering and drugs. On the other hand, until now, the Indonesian people have not considered that bitcoin as a treasure like gold or silver
The Concept of Al-Syatibi's al-Ta'arud wa al-Tarjih: Scientific Faith and Methodology Solution to Legal Istinbat
Authors: Farkhani Farkhani , Elviandri Elviandri , Nugroho Sigit Sapto
Published: July 2018

Al-Taâ€˜Äruá¸ wa al-tarjÄ«á¸¥ is a methodology offered by al-SyÄá¹­ibÄ« to overcome problems that often arise in fiqh issues faced by the people. This study is a descriptive literature study (library research) aims to determine how the concept of al-Taâ€˜Äruá¸ wa al-tarjÄ«á¸¥ offered, with fahm al-naá¹£á¹£ methods that exist in its al-MuwÄfaqÄt. To al-SyÄá¹­ibÄ«, no at-taâ€˜Äruá¸ (contradiction) in texts but there is a contradiction among mujtahids (Muslim jurists) in understanding the texts. Then, the mujtahids (jurists) should not be in a hurry to do istinbÄá¹­ al-á¸¥ukm (taking out the law) which originated from the áº“Ähir contradictory arguments. A depth and universal study toward contradictive postulates seems needed by mujtahid both using their precision and intelligence. Because of the precision and intelligence mujtahids are varying, it causes the appearance of a conflict between mujtahids in looking at the arguments. To find a solution to the problem, the offer is the use of tarjÄ«á¸¥ method, looking for the most powerful arguments, and then serving them as the basis to take a single istinbÄá¹­ al-á¸¥ukm.
Pelibatan Akad Ijarah dalam Praktik Rahn di Bank Syari'ah Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Wahid Nur
Published: July 2018

The involvement of lease (ijÄrah) contract in pawn practice in syariâ€™ah bank resulted in a combination of contract known as multi-â€˜aqd. Concerning multiple contracts (multi-â€˜aqd), there are a number of Prophetic traditions, at least three hadiths that are outwardly (textual meaning) indicating a ban on the use of multiple covenants. For example, the hadith about the prohibition of trading and debts (baiâ€™ wa salaf), the prohibition to trade with two contracts (baiâ€™atain fÄ« baiâ€™ah), and two sales and purchase contracts in one transaction (á¹£afqatain fÄ« á¹£afqah). The contract of lease (ijÄrah) and the pawn agreement (rahn) are two different types of contract, in which the lease includes the type of sale and purchase agreement, while the pawn includes the type of loan contract. This combination of contracts is a type of multi-contract which is prohibited based on the hadith above. Transactions with this multi-contract form almost exist in all Islamic banking products today. This paper concludes that the law of engagement of lease contracts in pawn practices in Islamic banks is allowed. The Islamic jurisprudence scholars argue that this combination of contracts is compatible with the purpose of sharia (maqÄá¹£id al-sharÄ«â€™ah), namely the ease in muamalah, lightening in the burden, and provide opportunities for innovation and the relevance of the development of the times and human needs in transactions.
Idas y vueltas de una mirada: impresiones del gaucho Martín Fierro en la exhibición de Los treinta y tres de Juan Manuel Blanes
Authors: Albin Juan
Published: July 2018

En la “Carta que el gaucho Martín Fierro dirige a su amigo D. Juan Manuel Blanes con motivo de su cuadro Los treinta y tres” (1878), José Hernández hace volver a Martín Fierro –un año antes de que publique la Vuelta– desde tierra de indios hacia la ciudad para ver una exposición de Blanes y comentarla. Esa carta puede leerse como un comentario crítico sobre la obra de Blanes y su exposición, en la serie de otros que se publicaron en la prensa porteña; también, como una producción que parte de la obra de Blanes pero la desarrolla productivamente, la sitúa en otro contexto –el de la literatura gauchesca– y la interpreta, versionándola.
1 de mayo en Tulchin: biografía y extravío
Authors: Szurmuk Mónica
Published: July 2018

En este texto parto de mi experiencia personal en la escritura de una biografía intelectual de Alberto Gerchunoff para describir ciertas particularidades del género biográfico y su relación con la escritura autobiográfica y con la crítica literaria. Propongo pensar en el extravío como figura de la biografía. La biografía es un género que propone, como la vida misma, múltiples caminos, que se pueden seguir o no. Es un género de la realidad pero también es un género de la corporalidad. Si todo trabajo intelectual nos atraviesa, la biografía se nos instala en el cuerpo y nos invita a releer nuestra propia vida. ¿A qué le damos importancia? ¿A qué no? La biografía es la que escribe el biógrafo y hay tantas posibilidades biográficas como biógrafos. Si bien hay datos que coinciden, el mundo textual que creamos para nuestro personaje refleja nuestras propias predilecciones. ¿Qué fuentes usar?, ¿cómo dar cuenta de la subjetividad de la voz que cuenta la vida del/de la otro/a?, ¿a quién leer?, ¿qué saber?, ¿qué ignorar?
Julio Premat, Érase esta vez. Relatos de comienzo. Buenos Aires, Eduntref, 2016, Colección Estudios Americanos, 270 páginas
Authors: González Roux Maya
Published: July 2018

e082 2) Reseñista: Maya González Roux (IdIHCS-CONICET). Libro reseñado: Julio Premat, Érase esta vez. Relatos de comienzo. Buenos Aires, Eduntref, 2016, Colección Estudios Americanos, 270 páginas
Graciela Batticuore, Lectoras del Siglo XIX. Imaginarios y prácticas en la Argentina. Buenos Aires, Ampersand, 2017, Scripta Manent, 174 páginas
Authors: Angulo Anita
Published: July 2018

e084 4) Reseñista: Anita Angulo (Universidad Nacional de Jujuy). Libro reseñado: Graciela Batticuore, Lectoras del Siglo XIX. Imaginarios y prácticas en la Argentina. Buenos Aires, Ampersand, 2017, Scripta Manent, 174 páginas
Rethinking Performance Management Practices in Local Administrations? An Evaluation of BV, CPA, And WPI Practices in the United Kingdom
Authors: Demirel Demokaan
Published: July 2018

Performance is a fundamental tool that improves results oriented on public administration. Performance management applications have become very popular in public institutions over the past 20 years. Direct accountability to the political institutions and the public is ensured by defining the performance of public administrations according to their organizational goals and objectives. Local governments are using performance management practices to assess the quality of public services offered. In the United Kingdom, performance management practices at the local level were promoted under the leadership of the central government. However, there cannot be a certain standardization or stability in performance management applications. The Best Value (BV) regime was applied primarily in England and Wales. The system was later applied in Scotland in 2003. In 2002, Comprehensive Performance Assessment (CPA) Programme was introduced. Wales preferred to stay outside of this program. The Wales Programme for Improvement (WPI) has adopted self-assessment and holistic assessment. After 2009, the cost-effectiveness of local services was evaluated through comprehensive area assessments. This practice was abolished after 2010, adopting a governance approach based on the common negotiations of local actors. This study aims to evaluate the performance measurement systems applied in the local area in the United Kingdom.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TAI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP DAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA MATERI HIDROKARBON
Authors: Isa M. , Khaldun Ibnu , Halim A.
Published: July 2018

Abstrak. Telah dilakukan penelitian penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TAI (Team Assisted Individualization) untuk meningkatkan penguasaan konsep dan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi hidrokarbon di SMA Negeri 1 Tanah Luas Aceh Utara mulai bulan April sampai bulan Mei 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TAI terhadap pemahaman konsep dan berpikir kritis siswa serta tanggapan siswa terhadap penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TAI pada materi hidrokarbon. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode ekperimen “Pretest-posttes Control group Design”. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes dengan instrument soal objektif bentuk pilihan ganda. Teknik analisis data adalah independent sample t-test dan wilcoxon test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata N-gain pemahaman konsep kelas eksperimen (71) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan rata-rata N-gain siswa kelas kontrol (47). Rata-rata N-gain berpikir kritis siswa kelas eksperimen (62) lebih tinggi dibandingkan rata-rata N-gain (44) siswa kelas kontrol. Hasil uji wilcoxon diperoleh terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pemahaman konsep siswa kelas eksperimen dengan siswa kelas kontrol dengan J hitung = 48,5 dan J tabel= 89 serta terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan berpikir kritis siswa kelas eksperimen dengan siswa kelas kontrol dengan J hitung = 69,5 dan J tabel= 89. Penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TAI mendapat tanggapan positif dari siswa kelas eksperimen. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) memberi hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran konvensional.Kata kunci: Model kooperatif tipe TAI, pemahaman konsep, berpikir kritis, hidrokarbon
TAUHID SEBAGAI FUNDAMENTAL FILSAFAH EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Barus Elida Elfi
Published: July 2018

Monotheism (Tauhid) is the core teachings of Islam, but also the core teachings of all religions of the Book. Prophets alternated in God sent to earth real duty to communicate the idea of Tauhid. Tauhid basis of the whole concept and activities of Muslims, whether economic, political, social and culture. The world of view which starts from the concept of God will have implications for the activities of human life in the world as a whole. There are demands that any form of formulations or economic concepts that are formulated to be maintained within the framework of the truth of Tauhid, and there is a belief also that there is a responsibility that must be followed ultimately by each economic agent of any economic activity undertaken. Truth in the monotheistic concept in economic activity by always ensuring consistent with the provisions of Allah is the real form of godly someone as a Muslim. In other words, a choice to the economically Islamically is a consequence someone (ideological reasons). Denying the principles of sharia in economic activity will lead to hypocritical (munafiqun), wickedness (mufasiqun) or even shirk (Syirik).Tauhid adalah inti ajaran Islam, bahkan juga inti ajaran semua agama samawi. Para Nabi dan Rasul silih berganti di utus Allah ke muka bumi sesungguhnya bertugas untuk menyampaikan paham tauhid ini.Tauhid menjadi dasar seluruh konsep dan aktifitas umat Islam, baik ekonomi, politik, sosial maupun budaya.Pandangan dunia yang dimulai dari konsep ke-Tuhanan atau ke-Esa-an Tuhan akan berimplikasi kepada kegiatan kehidupan manusia didunia secara keseluruhan. Ada tuntutan bahwa apapun bentuk formulasi atau konsep ekonomi yang dirumuskan harus terjaga dalam kerangka kebenaran tauhid., dan ada keyakinan pula bahwa ada pertanggungjawaban yang harus dijalani yang pada akhirnya oleh setiap pelaku ekonomi dari setiap aktivitas ekonomi yang dilakukan. Kebenaran dalam konsep tauhid adalah mutlak milik Allah SWT.Menjalankan aktivitas ekonomi dengan senantiasa memastikan sejalan dengan ketentuan Allah SWT merupakan bentuk rill dari keberimanan seseorang sebagai seorang muslim. Dengan kata lain, pilihan (choice) untuk berekonomi secara islami adalah merupakan konsekwensi keberislaman seseorang (alasan ideologis). Mengingkari prinsip-prinsip syariah dalam beraktivitas ekonomi akan membawa pada kemunafiqan, kefasikan atau bahkan kesyirikan.
ANALISIS PENGARUH INVESTASI ASING LANGSUNG (FDI) DAN INVESTASI DALAM NEGERI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA
Authors: Jufrida Firdaus , Syechalad Mohd. Nur , Nasir Muhammad
Published: July 2018

This study aims to analyze the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) and domestic investment on Indonesian economic growth. The data used was time series data on Indonesian economy from year. Furthermore, the analysis was conducted with quantitative method using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression method with multiple regression model. The result shows that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has a positive but not significantly affected Indonesia economic growth, while Domestic Investment has a positive significant effect on Indonesian economic growth. Based on the research results, it is recommended that the Indonesia government has to maintain the stability of economic variables that can stimulate foreign and domestic investment in order to achieve sustainable economic growth.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh investasi asing langsung (FDI) dan investasi domestik pada pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data time series pada perekonomian Indonesia dari tahun. Selanjutnya, analisis dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode regresi Ordinary Least Square (OLS) dengan model regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) memiliki positif tetapi tidak pertumbuhan ekonomi secara signifikan mempengaruhi Indonesia, sedangkan PMDN memiliki efek positif yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disarankan agar pemerintah Indonesia harus menjaga stabilitas variabel ekonomi yang dapat merangsang investasi asing dan domestik dalam rangka mencapai pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berkelanjutan.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJARPADA MATERI LAJU REAKSI
Authors: Yasniati Yasniati
Published: July 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar dan tanggapan siswa setelahpenerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing pada materi laju reaksi.Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara random dari 4 kelas XI IPA SMAN 1 Tangse. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan desainberupa one group pretest-posttest desing dengan model inkuri terbimbing. Analisis data hasil belajar menggunakan perhitungan N-gain dan uji t, sedangkan untuk angket menggunakan persentase. Hasil olahan data tes pada α (0,05)hasil belajar diperoleh thitungttabel, yaitu 13,071,71, maka terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar sebelum dan setelah penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing. Hasil olahan data tanggapan siswa terhadap model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing diketahui bahwa 37,31% siswa yang merespon sangat setuju dan 44,99% siswa yang merespon setuju, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing layak dan efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar pada materi laju reaksi.Kata kunci: model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing, hasil belajar, laju reaksi
PENINGKATAN KETUNTASAN BELAJAR DAN SIKAP SOSIAL PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI PEMBERIAN REWARD UNTUK TUTOR SEBAYAPADA KONSEP GERAK HARMONIK SEDERHANA
Authors: Sufahmi Afdhal , Safitri Rini
Published: July 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian reward kepada tutor sebaya terhadap peningkatan ketuntasan belajar dan sikap sosial peserta didik. Penelitian ini berbentuk eksperimen semu dengan Non-equivalentPretest-Posttest Control Group Design.Pengambilan sampel dengan tehnik purposive sampling yaitu MIA 5 (kelas eksperimen) dan XI MIA 6 (kelas kontrol).Lima tutor dipilih dari setiap kelasdengan kriteria yang sudah ditentukan. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan uji pilihan ganda dengan 19 item yang sebelumnya divalidasi oleh ahli serta diuji coba, sedangkan lembar observasi sikap sosial peserta didik hanya divalidasi pakar, untuk pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji-t. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh skor rata-rata ketuntasan belajar peserta didik kelas eksperimen dan kontrol yaitu 75 dan 67dengan N-gain yakni 0,62 dan 0,50, dan skor rata-rata sikap sosial diperoleh 3,48 dan 2,32 untuk tutor serta 3,23 dan 2,23 untuk peserta didik.Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai N-gain thitung sebesar -4,608 dan ttabel sebesar 2,000 atau thitung ttabel, menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan ketuntasan belajar dan sikap sosial peserta didik yang diajarkan antara strategi pembelajaran tutor diberikan reward  dan tutor tanpa pemberian reward.Ini berarti strategi pembelajaran tutor sebaya dengan pemberian reward mampu meningkatkan ketuntasan belajar dan sikap sosial peserta didik kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 2 Bireuen.Kata kunci :reward, tutor sebaya, ketuntasan belajar, sikap sosial
Hubungan Antara Keterampilan Kerja Ilmiah Siswa Dengan Kualitas Produk Hasil Praktikum Mol Kulit Pisang
Authors: Luzyawati Lesy
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana hubungan antara kerja ilmiah siswa dengan kualitas produk yang dihasilkan melalui praktikum pembuatan MOL kulit pisang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan design Pre experimental design tipe One Shot Case Study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Islam Al-Islah Boarding School dengan jumlah 75 siswa yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelas. Melalui teknik Purposive sampling terpilih 1 kelas sebagai sampel yaitu kelas X-4 B dengan jumlah 28 siswa. Instrumen ini menggunakan lembar penilaian kerja ilmiah dan penilaian kualitas produk dengan model ratting scale. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan yang dilakukan, diperoleh pada penilaian kerja ilmiah rata-rata nilai yang didapat 3,3 dengan presentasi 81% dikategorikan baik sekali, dan penilaian kualitas produk yang dihasilkan siswa mendapat nilai rata-rata 3,7 dengan  presentasi 93% dengan kategori baik sekali. Dengan demikian bahwa dalam proses yang baik akan menghasilkan hasil akhir yang baik pula atau pelaksanaan kerja ilmiah berbanding lurus terhadap produk yang dihasilkan siswa.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Praktikum Percobaan Melde Berbasis Project Based Learning
Authors: Widayanti Widayanti , Yuberti Yuberti , Irwandani Irwandani , Hamid Abdul
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan cara mengembangkan lembar kerja praktikum percobaan melde berbasis project based learning (PjBL), (2) mendeskripsikan tingkat kelayakan, (3) mendeskripsikan tingkat kemenarikan lembar kerja praktikum percobaan melde berbasis PjBL. Subjek penelitian 41 mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian yang diadaptasi dari Thiagarajan (4D) yaitu metode (Research and Development), meliputi define, design, developt, dan desiminatte. Penelitian dilakukan sampai pada tahap pengembangan, dan menghasilkan produk berupa lembar kerja praktikum percobaan melde berbasis PjBL. Hasil penilaian lembar kerja praktikum percobaan melde berbasis PjBL dengan alat pengumpulan data angket tertutup, analisis data menggunakan mixed method yaitu: pada penilaian ahli media 87,3% (sangat layak), dan penilaian ahli materi 88,2% (sangat layak). Selanjutnya, Hasil uji coba lembar kerja praktikum percobaan melde berbasis PjBL dengan alat pengumpulan data angket tertutup, analisis data menggunakan mixed method antara lain: uji coba satu lawan satu 80%, uji coba kelompok kecil 80,6%, dan uji coba lapangan 81,5% ketiga hasil uji coba dikriteriakan sangat menarik. Jadi, lembar kerja praktikum percobaan melde berbasis PjBL sangat layak dijadikan media pembelajaran.
Squamous cell carcinoma associated with Xeroderma pigmentosum: an unusual presentation with a tremendously huge mass over the face and paraneoplastic hypercalcemia-hyperleukocytosis
Authors: Emir Suna , Hacısalihoğlu Şadan , Özyörük Derya , Kaçar Dilek , Erdem Arzu , Karakuş Esra
Published: July 2018

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that results from genetic defects in DNA repair and manifests with a marked hypersensivity to ultraviolet rays. Children with X-P are at high risk of developing skin cancers. On the other hand, hypercalcemia-hyperleukocytosis is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome in children with cancer compared to adults. Here, we report a five-year-old female with X-P and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The patient presented with a necrotic, ulcerating huge mass sized 20x15x10 cm involving the right half of the face. She had a history of increased freckling over the face since the age of two years. Her other cutaneous findings are dryness of skin, photosensitivity, freckling and telengiectasis all over the body. A diagnosis of Xeroderma pigmentosum was made based on clinical features. She also had high fever, anemia, hyperleukocytosis, thrombocytosis and hypercalcemia. After pathological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma, she was treated with chemotherapy. All the symptoms and signs resolved dramatically with the initiation of chemotherapy. Our case is an example of early development of massive disfiguring SCC in children with undiagnosed and untreated X-P. Although we could not prove the paraneoplastic nature of hypercalcemia-hyperleukocytosis, dramatic response to the chemotherapy may be an evidence for paraneoplastic origin.
Twin reversed arterial perfusion syndrome in a monochorionic monoamniotic twin pregnancy
Authors: Yapıcıoğlu-Yıldızdaş Hacer , Ece Ümit , Sucu Mete , Yurdakul Gülseren , Şimşek Hüseyin , Özlü Ferda
Published: July 2018

Twin reversed arterial perfusion syndrome is mostly seen in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies with an estimated incidence of 1/9500-11000 pregnancies. One of the twins is acardiac with various abnormalities especially with upper part of the body, and mortality is 100%. The other twin functions as a pump twin and mostly has polyhydramnios and heart failure; and mortality rate is high due to prematurity and heart failure. Herein we report a TRAP syndrome and the prognosis of pump twin who was born at 30 weeks gestational age.
A study to use hematological and biochemical parameters as a key in the diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia
Authors: ÇAKIR Mikail , YILDIRIM Doğan , KOCAKUŞAK Ahmet , AKTÜRK Okan Murat , TİGREL Leyla Zeynep
Published: July 2018

Aim: Acute mesenteric ischemia is still fatal in 59-92% of cases. Delay in diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia can cause dramatic increase in morbidity and mortality rates.  However several diagnostic and disease related factors have been widely studied. Controversy still remains. In this study, we evaluated hematological and biochemical parameters in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia.Methods: 46 patients (study group) who underwent emergent surgery for
acute mesenteric ischemia and 46 patients (control group) operated for acute
abdomen with another etiology other than acute mesenteric ischemia and
internalized to intensive care unit were included in this study. Medical
records and clinical data of acute mesenteric ischemia patients between January
2008 and December 2014 were evaluated with regard to 8 parameters; age,
amylase, white blood cell count, mean platelet volume, creatine kinase, lactate
dehydrogenase, lactate and D-dimer. These parameters were selected for their
increased levels in acute mesenteric ischemia patients according to many
published medical studies. Control group was formed randomly from patients
followed in intensive care unit for their co-morbidities after acute abdomen
operation in the same period. Gender was included in the table but was not
taken into account as a parameter for the study.

Results: Mean values of age, white blood cell count, creatine kinase,
lactate dehydrogenase, lactate and D-dimer were significantly higher in acute
mesenteric ischemia group than the control group. Mean platelet volume was
significantly lower in acute mesenteric ischemia group. The p values were for
age (p=0.009), for amylase (0.475), for white blood cell (p=0.001) for mean platelet
volume (0=0.001), for creatinine kinase (p=0.017), for lactate dehydrogenase
(p=0.001), for lactate (p=0.001), for D-dimer (p=0.001) respectively. Conclusion: White blood cell count, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, lactate and D-dimer levels increase; mean platelet volume decrease in acute mesenteric ischemia patients significantly.
Effects of postoperative intravenous infusion of tramadol and addition of dexmedetomidine to tramadol on analgesia and hemodynamic parameters in gynecologic surgery: A prospective (double blind) randomised controlled trial
Authors: EMİRKADI Hakan , ŞEN Hüseyin , DAĞLI Güner , ŞIK Bulat Aytek , AKPAK Yaşam Kemal
Published: July 2018

Aim: We designed this
double-blind study to test and compare the effects of intravenous tramadol and
intravenous tramadol plus dexmedetomidine on analgesia and hemodynamic
parameters for treatment of postoperative pain in gynecologic surgeries with
Pfannenstiel incision.

Methods: Sixty patients undergoing total abdominal
hysterectomy with Pfannenstiel incision under general anesthesia were randomly
allocated into two groups. Group C (Tramadol) and Group D (Tramadol + Dexmedetomidin).
The anesthetic technique was standardized. Postoperatively, the patients in both
groups received patient controlled analgesia during 24 hours after surgery
(tramadol 20 mg bolus for Group C, tramadol 20 mg+dexmedetomidine 10 mg first
four hours, then tramadol 20 mg for Group D with a lock-out time of 15 minutes).
Postoperative assessment included verbal pain score, sedation score, nausea and
vomiting score, consumption of tramadol, hemodynamic parameters and patient’s
satisfaction.

Results: Postoperative pain
scores were significantly lower in Group D compared with Group C and patient-controlled analgesia
tramadol use was
significantly reduced in Group D. Total PCA tramadol use was decreased by 27% in Group D compared with Group C (p=0.001).
Patient satisfaction with pain treatment was significantly improved in Group D compared with Group C (p=0.001).
A significant increase in sedation scores at
the 1st, 2nd and 4th
hours were observed in Group D. Heart rate was lower in Group D at the 1st, 2nd
and 4th hours postoperatively (p=0.001, p=0.001 and p=0.01, respectively). Nausea and vomiting score was lower in Group D (p<0.05 for all).

Conclusion: The addition of dexmedetomidine to tramadol by patient controlled
analgesia method significantly reduces tramadol consumption and increases
analgesia level and patient satisfaction in gynecological operations.
Manisa’da partikül madde (PM10) kirliliğinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YILMAZ Barış
Published: July 2018

Hava kirliliği, birçok dünya ülkesinde olduğu gibi ülkemizde de insan sağlığı etkileyen ve ekosistemi bozan başlıca sorunlardandır. Hava kirliliğinin çevre ve insan sağlığı üzerindeki zararlı etkilerini önlemek amacıyla 2008 yılında yürürlüğe giren “Hava Kalitesi Değerlendirme ve Yönetimi Yönetmeliği” ile 2014 yılından itibaren kademeli azalan sınır değerler tanımlanmış ve PM10 kirliliği için 2019 yılı başında Avrupa Birliği (AB) Hava Kalitesi standartlarına ulaşılabilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Her ne kadar hava kalitesini arttırma çalışmaları devam etse de, 2017 yılına ait hava kirliliği ulusal raporlarında Manisa en yüksek hava kirliliğinin yaşandığı iller listesinde ilk sıralarda yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Manisa da 2009-2017 yılları arasında Aralık-Ocak aylarına ait PM10 değişimleri AB limit değerleri ve ulusal yönetmelikle belirlenmiş yıllık sınır değerler eşliğinde değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca rüzgâr hızının PM10 kirliliği değişimindeki etkileri incelenmiş ve ilgili regresyon denklemleri elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, kentte V ≥ 0,8 m/s olan rüzgâr hızlarında PM10 kirliliğinin önemli ölçüde azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Bununa birlikte, Manisa hava kalitesinde geçtiğimiz yıllar boyunca kayda değer bir iyileşme yaşanmadığı, yıllık PM10 kirliliğinin halen AB sınır değerlerinin yaklaşık iki kat üzerinde olduğu ve kentte hava kirliliğinin tamamen meteorolojik parametreler özellikle rüzgâr hızının etkisi altında azaldığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Detection of Knee Power Deficits Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Wearable Sensors
Authors: Pratt Kristamarie A. , Sigward Susan M.
Published: July 2018

Background

Following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), individuals present with significant knee power absorption deficits during deceleration of dynamic tasks. An inability to quantify these deficits clinically may underlie their persistence. Recent studies suggest that segment angular velocities measured with wearable inertial sensors have the potential to provide valuable information about knee power during a single-limb loading (SLL) task. However, the diagnostic accuracy of these measures and procedures needs to be established before translating this information to clinical practice.

Objective

To determine the diagnostic accuracy of using inertial-sensor thigh angular velocities to detect asymmetrical knee loading during a dynamic SLL task in individuals following ACLR.

Methods

In this controlled laboratory study, 21 individuals following ACLR performed 3 trials of SLL on each limb. Sagittal plane peak knee power absorption was calculated for each limb (reconstructed and nonsurgical) during deceleration. Between-limb ratios (reconstructed/nonsurgical limb) were calculated for knee power using marker-based motion analysis, and thigh angular velocity was extracted from inertial sensors. Sensitivity and specificity of thigh angular velocity ratios in diagnosing asymmetrical knee loading (knee power deficits greater than 15%) were determined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results

Thigh angular velocity ratios detected asymmetrical knee loading when performing SLL with high sensitivity (81%) and specificity (100%).

Conclusion

These findings support the use of cost-effective wearable sensors to objectively quantify movement clinically in this population of individuals following ACLR. This study establishes procedures for the clinical quantification of dynamic knee loading deficits. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(11):895–902. Epub 11 Jul 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7995
TOLAK UKUR PENILAIAN PENGGUNAAN DISKRESI OLEH POLISI DALAM PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA
Authors: Said Abbas
Published: July 2018

Basically, the law works by providing boundaries. In the context of law enforcement by the police, the constraints in the form of control over the police in freedom Protect the order or stop crime. But there is a different reality when police faced with a reality in which the law could not answer the problem. In this position the use of discretion by police do legal interpretation as a bridge between the law with social objectives. The question that arises then is used is not appropriate discretion and not in accordance with the purposes of the law itself. The benchmark police discretion based on common interests or the interests of society at the level of practice is still very abstract to be applied in the implementation of police discretion related to criminal law enforcement policy. Because the benchmark Criteria or public interest in the use of police discretion are still abstract, causing authorities use discretion in some cases criminal process misapplied. Keywords: Discretion, Police
PENDISTRIBUSIAN KEADILAN OLEH PENGADILAN SERTA BUDAYA HUKUM DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA
Authors: Suparman Eman
Published: July 2018

Handle civil disputes in general, for many the sense how the courts considered too laden with procedures, formalistic, rigid, and slow to make a decision on a dispute. Presumably these factors can not be separated from the judge's perspective on a very rigid laws and normative-procedural law in doing concretization. While a judge should be able to be living interpretator captures the spirit of fairness in society and not bound by the normative-procedural rigor present in a legislation, because the judge is no longer a la bouche de la loi (law funnel). There are indications that the judge did not have enough courage to make decisions that are different from the normative provisions of the law, so that substantial justice is always difficult to achieve through a court verdict, because the judges and the courts will only give formal justice. Assessment of fairness in general terms only from one side only, ie those who receive treatment. The seekers of justice in general, defeated parties in the case, will always provide an assessment that the unjust verdict. It can not be denied is one result of the function and role of the trial run has been oriented towards the success of efforts to support and programs set by the government or the executive. Keywords: normative procedural, formal justice, substantial justice
Pelanggaran Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Penggunaan Produk Plastik berbahaya Sebagai Kemasan Makanan dan Minuman
Authors: Purwanta Mahendra Adhi
Published: July 2018

Plastics contain hazards that can endanger consumers' health. This thesis discusses the problems faced by consumers due to the use of plastic products as food packaging, consumer protection law violations by the business, and the role of government in order to control the use of plastic products by businesses. Results of this study concluded that the problems faced by consumers is the use of plastic products by dangerous business as a packaged food. By using dangerous plastic product, businesses have also violated provisions of the law of consumer protection. Furthermore, the government should monitor the use of plastic packaging, provide counseling to consumers and businesses, and require businesses to include the symbol and code information on the triangle and plastic packaging. Keyword: Plastics, food packaging, consumer protection law violations