bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harnessing a Ketone-Accepting Pictet-Spenglerase for the Asymmetric Construction of 1,1-Disubstituted Tetrahydro-ß-Carboline Alkaloids
Authors: Jiang Ruiying , Wasfy Nour , Mori Takahiro , Hoang Megan , Abe Ikuro , Renata Hans
Published: January 2025

In light of the ubiquity of 1,1’-disubstituted tetrahydro-ß-carboline (THBC) motif in alkaloid natural products, developing asymmetric methodology for its preparation is highly valuable. Despite the immense progress towards achieving stereoselective Pictet-Spengler reaction with aldehydes, the analogous reaction with ketones is still underdeveloped. Exploiting KslB, a Pictet-Spenglerase from the biosynthesis of kitasetaline, we develop a general, diastereoselective, and protecting-group free method for the construction of densely functionalized THBCs with α-quaternary center by coupling tryptophan derivatives and α-keto acids. We determine the stereochemistry of kitasetalic acid, KslB’s physiological product and a key biosynthetic intermediate towards kitasetaline, and established that KslB’s selectivity is opposite to what is achieved chemically. Our investigations of KslB show its high activity (TTN>438,000), substrate promiscuity, and tolerance for high substrate concentrations (0.1M). Additionally, a TrpB-KslB cascade enables the construction of complex tricyclic products from simple indoles in one-pot. X-ray structural characterization of KslB sheds light on potential active site interactions to account for its stereoselectivity and ability to accept ketone substrates.
Cultivating Success: Mentoring Experiences in the Honors Program (Chemistry) for Health Sciences at Community College
Authors: Novobranova Olena
Published: January 2025

The pursuit of academic excellence is often marked by collaborative endeavors and supportive relationships. This study delves into the mentoring experiences within the Honors Program for Chemistry for Health Sciences at Community College. The research focused on students who completed classes in preparatory chemistry and Introductory General, Organic, and Biochemistry. Through qualitative exploration, this article unveils the multifaceted role of mentors and their impact on the academic and personal growth of participating students. The study used a thorough approach involving talking to participants, watching what happens, and studying academic results. What I discovered shows that being mentored in the Honors Program truly helps students succeed. It creates a feeling of belonging, provides direction, and helps individuals develop skills. I looked at how mentoring plays out in both basic and more advanced chemistry classes, showing how it goes beyond just regular academic stuff. I also talked about the difficulties students face while being mentored, which gave me ideas on how to make things better. In the end, I suggest some ways teachers, school leaders, and mentors can improve Honors Programs even more. I discussed the opportunity to create special support programs, particularly in chemical education, to make the learning experience more fulfilling. This research helped me, as a chemistry instructor, to better understand the problems that did not allow me to create productive collaboration between mentors and students. This study provides a nuanced perspective on how mentorship shapes the educational journeys of students in the dynamic field of chemical education. The lessons learned from this study will help me to find new strategies for cultivating success within the Honors program.
Transferring Knowledge from MM to QM for a Graph Neural Network Based Implicit QM Solvent
Authors: Katzberger Paul , Pultar Felix , Riniker Sereina
Published: January 2025

The conformational ensemble of a molecule is strongly influenced by the surrounding environment. Correctly modeling the effect of any given environment is, hence, of pivotal importance in computational studies. Machine learning (ML) has been shown to be able to model these interactions probabilistically, with successful applications demonstrated for classical molecular dynamics. While first instances of ML implicit solvents for quantum-mechanical (QM) calculations exist, the high computational cost of QM reference calculations hinders the development of a generally applicable ML implicit solvent model for QM calculations. Here, we present a novel way of developing such a general machine-learned QM implicit solvent model, which relies neither on QM reference calculations for training nor experimental data, by transferring knowledge obtained from classical interactions to QM. This strategy makes the obtained graph neural network (GNN) based implicit solvent model (termed QM-GNNIS) independent of the chosen functional and basis set. The performance of QM-GNNIS is validated on NMR and IR experiments, demonstrating that the approach can reproduce experimentally observed trends unattainable by state-of-the-art implicit-solvent models.
Is there a future for 43Ca nuclear magnetic resonance in cement science?
Authors: Casar Ziga , Tisi Davide , Page Samuel J. , Greenwell H. Chris , Zunino Franco
Published: January 2025

Calcium and silicon are critical components of cement. While 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is widely used in cement science, 43Ca NMR has received comparatively less attention given the experimental challenges associated with it. To investigate the potential of 43Ca NMR in cement research, a density functional theory study was carried out. The study focused on distinct calcium sites within the calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) structure. Four unique calcium sites were identified, each predicted to display distinct 43Ca chemical shifts due to differences in their local environments. These findings were used to generate theoretical 43Ca NMR spectra for C-S-H. Furthermore, theoretical 43Ca NMR spectra for the hydration reaction of triclinic tricalcium silicate were developed, illustrating the potential of 43Ca NMR for tracking the hydration process in multiphase systems.
Does Prolonged Naltrexone Therapy Alter the Rewarding Nature of Exercise, Socialization, and Eating? A Narrative Review
Authors: Collier Caitlin , Hilton Thomas
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Naltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist prescribed for alcohol use disorder and opioid use disorder.  Naltrexone has a high affinity for the mu-opioid receptors, which are the primary binding site of beta-endorphin. Beta-endorphin is an endogenous opioid that functions as the mediator of behavioral reward and reinforcement. Antagonism of the mu-opioid receptors with naltrexone improves certain outcomes in patients with substance use disorder but may alter the positive endogenous reinforcement associated with naturally rewarding and healthy activities including exercising, socializing, and eating.
 
Discussion: In this paper, we review medical literature exploring the potential negative effects of chronic naltrexone therapy on healthy lifestyle modification.
 
Conclusion: Although the data is preliminary, there exists a possibility that naltrexone therapy may adversely impact the endogenous reward system associated with health promoting activities.
 
Relevance: Mortality amongst subjects with substance use disorder has increased to epidemic proportions since fentanyl became widely available. Until relatively recently, behavior modification and Twelve Step programs have been the cornerstones of recovery from substance use disorder. Previous reports have confirmed that exercise, positive social networking, and proper nutrition are important adjunctive therapies in early recovery. The possibility exists that the naturally occurring endorphin mediated reward of these activities may be adversely impacted by naltrexone therapy. Further investigation is warranted to determine whether long-term naltrexone therapy is associated with decreased healthy behaviors and if dose modifications such as low dose or an intermittent dosing scheduling could attenuate this possible unintended consequence of therapy.
FILOSOFÍA, ARTE Y POLÍTICA
Authors: Brooks Jelba
Published: January 2025

Este escrito expone la intersección entre la filosofía, el arte y la política desde del prisma de la razón poética de María Zambrano, destacando su relación con la tragedia de Antígona y en la plástica con el expresionismo. El problema que plantea este estudio es cómo el planteamiento filosófico, desarrollado por Zambrano en sus obras Filosofía y Poesía (1939), La Tumba de Antígona (1967) y Nostalgia de la Tierra (1933), permite comprender las implicaciones políticas en el arte. Este análisis bibliográfico se enfoca en dialogar con la tradición filosófica y estética en la dimensión política, argumentando que la razón poética integra en la experiencia la unidad entre expresión y realidad social.
ДВОЙНАЯ КОМПЛЕКСНАЯ СОЛЬ [Pd(NH3)4][VO(H2O)(C2O4)2]∙2H2O: СТРОЕНИЕ И ТЕРМИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА
Authors: Рудзис З.В. , Воробьева С.Н. , Сухих Т.С. , Филатов Е.Ю. , Надолинный В.А. , Бердюгин С.Н. , Коренев С.В.
Published: January 2025

Разработан и оптимизирован синтез двойной комплексной соли (ДКС) [Pd(NH3)4][VO(H2O)(C2O4)2]∙2H2O. Соединение охарактеризовано методами рентгеноструктурного и рентгенофазового анализа, инфракрасной спектроскопией и спектроскопией диффузного отражения. Кристаллографические данные: пространственная группа P-1, a = 7.3160(10) Å, b = 8.2700(2) Å, c = 12.9205(2) Å, α = 71.576(10)°, β = 78.477(10)°, γ = 83.844(10)°, Z=2. Методом ЭПР установлено наличие обменного взаимодействия между комплексными анионами. Изучен процесс термического разложения ДКС в инертной и восстановительной атмосферах. Установлено, что конечным продуктом термолиза в восстановительной атмосфере является смесь твердого раствора состава Pd0.90V0.10 и оксида ванадия(III). Проведены теоретические расчёты СДО для полученной ДКС.
On the Genesis of the Cognitive Metaphor Life is Movement in the Russian Language
Authors: Ilyukhina N. A. , Barakat K. P.
Published: January 2025

This article examines the mechanisms and conditions that contributed to the formation of the metaphorical model life is movement. Its emergence and development were traced through the scenario metonymy of verbs originally denoting physical movement. Despite the important role of this cognitive metaphor in the conceptualization of life within the Russian linguistic worldview, its genesis has received little research attention, thus highlighting the need for detailed study. The analysis of the linguistic and textual material revealed that the metaphorical model life is movement is rooted in the scenario metonymy of movement verbs. These verbs, when combined with dependent words, are used to denote various stages of human life and actions. Such constructions are numerous and widely used in speech, tending to expand and incorporate more substantives with diverse lexical meanings. With the increase in the number of these constructions and nouns that combine with movement verbs, particularly those with abstract semantics, the original meanings of movement verbs transform into metaphorical ones based on their metonymically derived meanings. Consequently, the active use of movement verbs in metaphorical contexts solidifies the metaphorical model life is movement and encourages the extensive involvement of vocabulary from the associative semantic field road/spatial movement in the metaphorical interpretation of human actions.
Voice-Over Translation of Musical Poetry in Films (an Analysis of Song Lyrics from the Musical Film “Grease”)
Authors: Amurskaya O. Y. , Nikolaeva N. V.
Published: January 2025

The features of voice-over translation in musical films, with a particular focus on song lyrics, were explored. Key methods best suited to the demands of such translation were analyzed and categorized. The insights were drawn from a detailed case study on the voice-over translation of song lyrics in the iconic musical film “Grease”. Compressed free translation and semantic translation, each with its strengths and limitations, were identified as the primary approaches used to preserve the intended meaning and musicality of the translated song lyrics. The obtained results, however, show that much can be lost through excessive compression, thus leading to semantic errors and an overall failure to meet the requirements for fidelity and quality in translation, which is due to a loss of expressiveness, as well as an inability to capture extralinguistic and linguistic nuances. Additionally, common challenges encountered while performing voice-over translation of song lyrics in musical films were summarized. By highlighting these potential pitfalls, the importance of preserving the original’s integrity and essence to effectively adapt it to new linguistic and cultural contexts was underscored.
Essential Characteristics of the Concepts of “Family” and “Marriage” in the Russian Worldview Across Four Generations
Authors: Elivanova M. A. , Semushina V. A.
Published: January 2025

This article examines the evolution of the concepts of “family” and “marriage” in the Russian worldview across four generations: children (41 respondents, with significant differences observed between the groups aged 5–7 and 10–13 years, as well as preschoolers (under 7 years) generally lacking a fully developed concept of “marriage”), young adults (24 respondents aged 19–24 years), middle-aged adults (32 respondents aged 42–55 years), and seniors (14 respondents aged 66–80 years). The respondents were asked about their five reactions (words and/or word combinations) to the stimuli family and marriage. The analysis of these reactions reveals that both concepts have a complex structure, which can be best described as a frame consisting of slots (groups of related semantic reactions), and unfold over time as a series of changes: preschoolers are normally concrete thinkers with a straightforward idea of family, a result of their age-specific naïve worldview → children aged 10–13 years attain an ability to abstract from reality, but still depend on their immediate experiences → young adults, starting to live on their own, have an abstract, idealized model of family and marriage → middle-aged adults and seniors associate family and marriage with their personal life experiences.
Novelties in Russian criminal law on liability for personal data breaches
Authors: Shutova A. A.
Published: January 2025

This article presents the results of the first critical legal analysis of a novel provision in Russian criminal law that penalizes anyone who engages in the illegal use, transfer, collection, or storage of computer information containing personal data, as well as in the creation and management of information assets designed for the unauthorized storage and distribution of such data. The major flaws and contradictions in Article 272 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation were exposed, and potential solutions of certain problems associated with its enforcement were proposed. Theoretical recommendations were developed to strengthen the legislative measures targeting breaches of computer information containing personal data of minors, special categories of personal data, or biometric personal data. Some challenges that may arise when categorizing acts involving the cross-border transfer of computer information containing personal data and the cross-border flow of computer information carriers holding personal data were identified. The findings contribute to improving the criminal law framework for safeguarding personal data and advancing the Russian criminal law doctrine on liability for cybercrimes.
Legal Regulation of Methane Emissions and Its Role in Supporting the Goal of the Paris Agreement: General Issues
Authors: Pekarnikova M. Е. , Valiullina K. B.
Published: January 2025

This article explores the current legal and regulatory practices on lowering atmospheric methane, the main short-lived gaseous pollutant, adopted by the world’s largest methane emitters. In 2021, many countries joined the Global Methane Pledge (GMP), a joint international initiative, which has since been the guiding framework for estimating and reducing global methane levels. The GMP’s primary task is to support the goal of the Paris Agreement on climate change. Due to methane’s short life and the phenomenon referred to as the methane paradox, it has become clear that abandoning hydrocarbons completely would not guarantee a swift decrease in the radiative forcing of the lower troposphere. Reduction of aerosol emissions will lead to more intense warming during the first ten years, as aerosols are rapidly removed from the atmosphere. The only way to mitigate this effect is to curb short-lived methane emissions. Our findings reinforce previous conclusions and stress the critical need for developing legally binding regulations, both national and international, on greenhouse gas emissions.
Boundaries of legal regulation for Russian political parties
Authors: Kurochkin A. V.
Published: January 2025

The main criteria of the boundaries of legal regulation for party relations were analyzed based on a case study of Russian legislation. The principles of party law, as well as their correlations and impact on interpreting the existing legislative norms, were examined using formal-logical, systemic, institutional, and hermeneutic methods. The diversity of these principles across legal branches was found. However, it is still insufficient to define the boundaries of legal influence with complete certainty, thus requiring from the subjects of legal enforcement to perform a case-by-case evaluation of the legal frameworks of party activities. Here, the boundaries of legal regulation for Russian political parties were established as a set of elements determined by the current legislation and built upon its goals and objectives for maintaining legal order in the functioning of party organizations. It was demonstrated that the latter are influenced by the scope of legal regulation and guided by the system of principles that outline the objective limits of legal influence on party relations.
The motivational component of award policy as a type of incentive policy
Authors: Nigmetzyanov A. A.
Published: January 2025

The problems of refining the existing legal framework governing the relationships concerning awards that arise from the state’s incentive policy specified by certain legal acts, were examined. Several intricate theoretical constructs were analyzed: legal policy, incentives, and awards. Based on the obtained results, incentives were defined as a tool used by the state to encourage desired behaviors and achieve public policy goals. Considering that awards refer to the encouragement of this kind, award policy was understood as a type of incentive policy encompassing the activities of national and local authorities and civil society institutions, aiming to establish and enhance the regulations for conferring awards, promoting socially beneficial behaviors and outcomes in various areas of public life, as well as outlining the main goals, principles, and objectives of such initiatives.
Safety of a change of specifications of phytosterols/phytostanols as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA), Turck Dominique , Bohn Torsten , Cámara Montaña , Castenmiller Jacqueline , De Henauw Stefaan , Hirsch‐Ernst Karen Ildico , Jos Ángeles , Maciuk Alexandre , Mangelsdorf Inge , McNulty Breige , Naska Androniki , Pentieva Kristina , Siani Alfonso , Thies Frank , Aguilera‐Gómez Margarita , Cubadda Francesco , Frenzel Thomas , Heinonen Marina , Neuhäuser‐Berthold Monika , Knutsen Helle Katrine , Poulsen Morten , Maradona Miguel Prieto , Schlatter Josef Rudolf , Siskos Alexandros , van Loveren Henk , Gelbmann Wolfgang , McArdle Harry J.
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to provide an opinion on the safety of a change of the specifications of the authorised NF ‘phytosterols/phytostanols’ as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. This authorised NF concerns phytosterols extracted from plants and which may be presented as free sterols and stanols or esterified with food grade fatty acids. It has to contain less than 81% β‐sitosterol, less than 35% β‐sitostanol, less than 40% campesterol, less than 15% campestanol, less than 30% stigmasterol and less than 3% brassicasterol. Regarding the maximum limit of the specification parameter ‘other sterols/stanols’, the applicant asks for an increase from currently less than 3% to less than 7% to better reflect and cover the natural composition and proportions of sunflower‐based phytosterols/phytostanols, noting that the existing specifications have been established largely based on the NF when sourced from soy. No evidence was found from the literature for the genotoxicity, subchronic toxicity, chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity, and reproductive toxicity of four phytosterols which have been identified by the applicant in the NF when produced from sunflower oil. These four phytosterols, albeit at lower concentrations, are also found in the NF if produced from soy. The Panel also notes the history of multiple safety assessments of phytosterols performed by Member States and EFSA, in addition to the group ADI established by JECFA. The Panel also considers that an increase from less than 3 to less than 7% for the maximum specification limit for ‘other phytosterols’ is of no relevance regarding nutritional considerations. The Panel concludes that the NF is safe under the proposed change of the specifications.
ПОЗИЦІЇ СКАНДИНАВСЬКИХ ДЕРЖАВ ЩОДО ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОЇ ТА ЄВРОАТЛАНТИЧНОЇІНТЕГРАЦІЇ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Сидорук Тетяна , Віценко Вікторія
Published: January 2025

The article analyses the positions of the Scandinavian countries (Sweden, Den- mark and Norway) on Ukraine’s accession to the EU and NATO as well as their vision of Ukraine’s place in the future European security architecture. The study is based on a qualitative analysis of documents, statistics, and secondary sources (media publications and analytics) on this topic.
The authors note that among the Scandinavian countries, Sweden is the biggest supporter of Ukraine’s European integration. As one of the initiators of the Eas- tern Partnership in 2008, this country has acted as a sort of advocate for Ukraine within the EU. At the same time, both Sweden and Denmark have been provi- ding assistance for many years aimed at reforms and bringing Ukraine closer to the EU. As for Ukraine’s Euro-Atlantic course, the Scandinavian countries have never opposed Ukraine’s accession to the Alliance, and the authors describe their position as positive-neutral.
After the outbreak of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war in 2022, the Scandi- navian states gradually came to a decision to support Ukraine on its path to EU membership, while simultaneously reserving the clear requirement that it meet the Copenhagen criteria. At present, they all welcome the prospect of Ukraine joining NATO. In addition, these countries offer and provide tangible assistance to Ukraine in its fight against the aggressor, in implementing reforms, and in pro- moting economic development. The article argues that the Scandinavian states have a clear vision of tectonic changes in the security architecture of the Euro- pean region, which are currently in the process of formation and will depend, among other things, on the outcome of the Russian-Ukrainian war. According to this vision, Kyiv’s accession to the EU and NATO will help to achieve security, stability and prosperity both in Ukraine and throughout Europe. The reaction of the Northern European countries to Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has shown that they are our reliable partners, and Ukraine should make maximum efforts to develop this direction of its foreign policy.
АНАЛІЗ ПРОГРАМ ТА ІНІЦІАТИВ СПІВПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ З УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ДІАСПОРОЮ
Authors: Токарська Анастасія
Published: January 2025

У статті досліджено державну політику України щодо закордонних українців, яка заснована на визнанні їх як невід’ємної частини світової української спільноти. Ця політика здійснюється відповідно до Конституції України, Закону України «Про правовий статус закордонних українців» та інших нормативно-правових актів, ураховуючи міжнародне законодавст- во й двосторонні угоди. Основними напрямами політики є підтримка етнічної ідентичності, розвиток зв’язків з українцями за кордоном, захист їхніх прав і залучення їхнього інтелектуального потенціалу для зміцнення міжнародного іміджу України. Центральну роль у реалізації цієї політики відіграють Міністерство закордонних справ України та інші державні органи, які координують зусилля з українською діаспорою на різних рівнях. Ключовими документами є Національна програма «Закордонне українст- во» (до 2005 р.), Державна програма співпраці з закордонними українцями (до 2010 р.), Національна концепція співпраці із закордонними українцями (2006). Підкреслено, що значну увагу в програмах приділено розвитку культурної й освітньої співпраці, а також підтримці українських громад і навчальних закладів за кордоном. Зазначено, що програми та ініціативи співпраці між українською діаспорою й урядом України відіграють важливу роль у зміцненні зв’язків між Україною та її громадянами за кордоном. Ці ініціативи охоплюють широкий спектр напрямів, уключаючи культурну підтримку, освітні проєкти, економічну співпрацю й політичні заходи. Зокрема, важливою складовою частиною є патріотичне виховання молоді діаспори, збереження національної ідентичності та підтримка українських навчальних закладів за кордоном. Крім того, упроваджено економічні форуми та бізнес-проєкти, які сприяють залученню інвестицій і розвитку економіки України. Значну увагу приділяють міжнародному визнанню Голодомору 1932–1933 рр. як геноциду українського народу. Уряд України продовжує вважати співпрацю з діаспорою важливою складовою частиною своєї внутрішньої та зовнішньої політики, що відповідає національним інтересам і сприяє зміцненню міжнародного іміджу країни.
КІБЕРЗАГРОЗИ ТА ГЛОБАЛЬНА БЕЗПЕКА:ВІД НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ СТРАТЕГІЙ ДО МІЖНАРОДНОЇ СПІВПРАЦІ
Authors: Гоманюк Олександр
Published: January 2025

The article examines the issues of cybersecurity in the modern world, where information technologies play an important role in the political, economic and military spheres. The growth of digital infrastructure is accompanied by an increase in cyber threats, which can be directed against both states and the international community. The article empha- sizes that cybersecurity is becoming a critically important aspect of national and international security, requiring collective efforts to protect against potential threats, such as cyber attacks on state institutions, criti- cal infrastructure, as well as espionage and social engineering. Special attention is paid to the analysis of various forms of cyber threats and their impact on global security. Specific examples of cyberattacks are described, such as interference in the US election process and an attack on the energy infrastructure of Ukraine.
The authors highlight key aspects of cybersecurity, including technical, legal and educational measures aimed at ensuring security in the digital space. The article also considers the role of international cooperation in the context of cybersecurity, emphasizing the importance of joint efforts of governments, the private sector and international organizations such as the UN, NATO and the EU. The strategies of various countries, in particular the USA and Israel, in the field of cyber defense are consid- ered, as well as the steps that Ukraine is taking to strengthen its cyber- security in the face of Russian aggression. The article also discusses the challenges associated with cybersecurity, including insufficient funding, the speed of technological progress, the human factor and the lack of a unified international legal framework in cyberspace. The article em- phasizes the need to develop national cybersecurity strategies and close cooperation between states to counter growing cyber threats in a globa- lized world.
CAPTURING HISTORICAL DIMENSION OF RUSSIA’S FOREIGN POLICY STRATEGIES (1993–2023)
Authors: Makliuk Olga , Cherkasov Stanislav , Fatiukhа Yaroslavа
Published: January 2025

The article focuses on the analysis of Russia’s official foreign policy Strategies and its correlation with the declared historical narratives. It is a well-known fact that historical narratives have an essential influence on the historical conscious- ness formation. It is noted that Russian historical politics and the politics of memory, with its ideological dimension, went far beyond the domestic political course and turned into an important foreign policy imperative. It is emphasized that Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine has a historical, ideologically marked dimension and is a natural continuation of the memorial discourse that the Rus- sian Federation has been forming for many years. It is emphasized that the cult of victory in the World War II and the subsequent ideas of a special mission of Russia in the international arena which were declared in the 2023 foreign poli- cy Strategy resulted in major foreign policy priorities positioning Russia as the global power providing multipolar international system building. It is noted that the policy of positioning the USA as an adversary, which was a common practice during the Cold War, was introduced nowadays to modern Russian society, and the Euro-Atlantic choice of Ukraine’s foreign policy became a powerful trigger for the emergence of anti-Ukrainian sentiments not only within the Russian so- ciety, but also in normative foreign policy documents.
In the process of analyzing the stated topic, it was established that historical nar- ratives became the ideological basis for strengthening neo-imperial ideas, which the Russian Federation promotes in all the post-Soviet countries, considering them as its own zone of influence. Ukraine’s rejection of the policy of maneuve- ring between the two major centers of gravity – the European Union and Russia, – and the clear declaration of a course for European and Euro-Atlantic integra- tion disrupted the Russian geopolitical strategy and determined the beginning of open expansion. The historical, ideologically marked dimension of the foreign policy strategy actually justified the attack on Ukraine.
ROLE OF MEDIA IN INDIAN DEMOCRACY
Authors: Magadum Santosh
Published: January 2025

Without media or free press a majority rules system can't find true success. In basic words a majority rules system is the public authority of individuals, for individuals and by individuals. In this sense for the dynamic and cautious cooperation of free press is fundamental in a vote based society. It is voice of individuals. It assumes a significant part in the molding of a sound majority rules government. Media is viewed as a heart of a vote based system society. As a significant wellspring of data it mindful individuals in all nations of the world. The media is for the most part thought to be as fourth mainstay of a majority rule government. It makes individuals aware of various happenings from grounds like games, legislative issues, financial, and social, and so forth. Media resembles a mirror likewise which delineations the essential reality and some of the time it very well might be brutal. The current paper is an endeavor to look at the job of media in Indian majority rules system since seventeenth hundred years, press is being perceived as Media of a majority rules government and a gathering for public conversation and discussion. Today, Media is regarded as guard dog, as a watchman of the public interest. Media associations are for the most part expected to assume a significant part in popular governments, yet how successful are they in carrying out this role involves study. The force of Media can be utilized to build up majority rules government. It very well may be utilized as an instrument to bridge among lead representatives and the administered. This Paper expects to investigation two separate parts of media execution: the degree to which they play out a 'guard dog' job by giving data, and how much they go about as a delegate discussion for the perspectives on residents. Through his exploration paper an endeavor has been made to feature the job of Media in fortifying majority rule government in India. The current review features the effect of media as a foundation of country working through political, social, financial and social vote based system.
EXPLORING CLASS IX STUDENTS' LANGUAGE NEEDS AND PREFERENCES IN A CLIL CONTEXT: A COMPREHENSIVE NEEDS ANALYSIS
Authors: Dandu Harish , Pugazh A.
Published: January 2025

The study's significance lies in the evolving global education landscape facing technological, social, and economic challenges. Students’ motivation, self-esteem, and individuality are vital in learning a language. India's fluctuating English proficiency highlights the need for improved language skills for international opportunities. Addressing language learning challenges necessitates effective methodologies like Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), aligning with the changing educational paradigm. The need analysis conducted among class-IX students revealed their positive attitude towards learning English, acknowledging its significance for future academic and career prospects. They expressed interest in using English for internet browsing and communication with people from diverse linguistic backgrounds. However, limited language exposure outside the classroom and modest family support were noted as challenges.
POSTMODERN STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO SELECT WORKS OF SALMAN RUSHDIE
Authors: Das Ravi Bhushan Kumar , Mishra Sachidanand
Published: January 2025

Salman Rushdie’s writings have their own stand in the field of postmodern studies.The basic claim is that because Rushdie's "Midnight's Children" employs a variety of postmodern literary devices, including magical realism, intertextuality, and ambiguity, it is a fine example of a postmodern novel. In addition, the author uses such techniques to discuss a few themes that relate to modern Indian culture and history. The culture has been examined through a line of postmodern criticism that began with the critic use of Irving Howe (1959), Leslie Fiedler and Susan Sontag in the mid-sixties, Ihab Hassan (1969), David Antin (1971), William Spanos (1972) and continued with the criticism of Jean Francois Lyotard, and many others has analyzed the culture. Ironically, the common denominator among these detractors is their failure to agree on a sound, coherent definition of the term "postmodernism."This controversy over a definition of the term has to do with the multiple proliferations of the social, economic, artistic, and cultural trends in the contemporary world.It is difficult to define postmodernism because, as Linda Hutcheon points out, it is a twentieth-century phenomenon that is no longer relevant.It now has its canonical works, anthologies, primers, readers, dictionaries andhistories are fully institutionalized.
LOK ADALAT AND ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS: BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN INFORMAL AND FORMAL JUSTICE SYSTEMS
Authors: Yadav Sanjay Kumar , Prof (Dr.) Om Prakash Rai
Published: January 2025

The increasing backlog of cases in conventional courts has necessitated the development of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms to deliver timely justice. Lok Adalat, a form of ADR rooted in Indian tradition, offers a unique blend of informal and formal justice processes. This paper explores the role of Lok Adalat within the broader framework of ADR mechanisms, highlighting its effectiveness in resolving disputes, particularly in rural and marginalized communities. It examines the structure, functioning, and legal foundations of Lok Adalats, emphasizing their role in promoting amicable settlement through mediation, negotiation, and compromise. The study delves into the advantages of Lok Adalat, such as cost-effectiveness, speed, and accessibility, while addressing challenges like limited enforceability and public awareness. Furthermore, this research draws comparisons with other ADR methods such as arbitration and mediation, assessing how Lok Adalat serves as a bridge between informal dispute resolution and the formal judicial system. Through case studies and legal analysis, the paper offers insights into how Lok Adalats contribute to reducing court burdens while maintaining justice accessibility, ultimately paving the way for a more integrated and efficient legal framework.
CONCEPT OF IDEOLOGY: VIEWS OF MAJOR POLITICAL THINKERS
Authors: R. Girija
Published: January 2025

This paper describes the meaning, functions and characteristics of ideology. According to Antoine Louis Claude Destutt de Tracy, ideology was a study of the process of forming ideas and a science of ideas. Two aspects of his theories should be noted. The first is materialism thought and the second is Social and political improvement. Ideology performs many functions that is solidarity and mobilization, organization, expression, manipulation, communication and affect. Ideology arises in conditions of crisis and in sections of society. It has a broad but varying scope and is a systematic pattern of political thought. Political ideologies are divided into statuesque ideologies, revolutionary ideologies and reformist ideologies. Major scholars such as Karl Marx, Michael Oakeshott, Althusser, Herbert Marcuse, Habermas, Antonio Gramsci, Lukac, Francis Fukuyama and Samuel Huntington’s views of ideologies are highlighted here. Marx used the term ideology in two interrelated senses, first idealism and second an apologetic body of thought. For Marx, a society is characterized by two types of ideology, namely the dominant and the subordinate. Michael Oakeshott says that an ideology is an abridgement of a tradition. His statements about ideology occur in Political Education. In Althusser's view ideology represents an imaginary distortion of the real relations of individuals to the relations of production, and to the relations that derive from them. Marcuse analyses the three constitutive components of the totalitarian ideology - universalism, naturalism and political existentialism. According to Habermas, ideologies are a set of beliefs that dissolve when they are called into question since they are maintained only by restricting systematically free and public discourse. Lukac's study of ideology, history and class consciousness is equally concerned with the problem of mediation and relativism. Francis Fukuyama is also quite right in asserting that the notion of human progress is not outdated. Samuel Huntington has argued that the world is moving into a period of clash civilization, in which the primary identification of people will not be ideological, as during the Cold War, but cultural. People separated by ideology but united by culture come together. Ideologies from the First to the Third World are also included here.
TRADITIONAL PANCHAYATS IN JAUNSAR-BAWAR
Authors: Kalpna Kumari
Published: January 2025

The traditions in any society evolve over time, reflecting changes in circumstances. In tribal societies like Jaunsar-Bawar, cultural practices hold significant value, with the Syana and Khumdi systems serving as traditional panchayats. The British government recognized the uniqueness of the Syanachari system and granted legal rights to the Syanas, which helped with revenue collection and ensured smooth administrative functions. Although the Syanachari practice was abolished after independence, the Syana and Khumdi systems still retain social significance in Jaunsari society today.
बौद्ध धर्म में संगीत: धार्मिक और आध्यात्मिक महत्व
Authors: Singh Sangram , Aneja Richa
Published: January 2025

इस शोध पत्र में बौद्ध और जैन धर्म में संगीत के धार्मिक महत्व और उपयोग की चर्चा की गई है। बौद्ध धर्म में संगीत का उद्देश्य साधक के मन को स्थिर करना और ध्यान की प्रक्रिया को गहरा करना है। बौद्ध ग्रंथों के पाठ, मंत्रोच्चारण और तिब्बती बौद्ध परंपरा में घंटा, डमरू और शंख जैसे वाद्ययंत्रों का उपयोग ध्यान को प्रभावी बनाता है। बौद्ध संगीत पाली और संस्कृत के स्तोत्रों तथा तिब्बती मंत्रों के माध्यम से साधक की एकाग्रता और मानसिक शांति बढ़ाने में सहायक होता है। तिब्बती मंत्र "ओम मणि पद्मे हूं" का गायन आंतरिक संतुलन और शांति की प्राप्ति में सहायक है।जैन धर्म में संगीत का उपयोग आत्मा की शुद्धि और ध्यान की प्रक्रिया में महत्वपूर्ण है। जैन भक्ति गीतों, जैसे "भक्तामर स्तोत्र" का गायन साधकों को तप और आत्मनिर्भरता की ओर प्रेरित करता है। जैन संगीत में सामायिक और प्रतिक्रमण गीतों का गायन पापों के प्रायश्चित और शुद्धि की दिशा में किया जाता है। वाद्ययंत्रों का उपयोग, जैसे वीणा, मृदंग, हारमोनियम, और तबला, धार्मिक उत्साह और शांति का संचार करते हैं।
Primary school health content gaps and school curriculum implications
Authors: Prihantini Prihantini , Rukmini Ai , Kogoya Willius , Nadeak Bernadetha , Jejen Atep
Published: January 2025

This study aims to identify specific discrepancies between the health education content taught in primary schools and the content that should ideally be taught. The content taught includes personal hygiene, nutrition and healthy eating, and the dangers of smoking and addictive substances. Health education at the primary school age is particularly important because children at this stage are vulnerable to health risks, and early education has been shown to be effective in shaping sustainable health-conscious attitudes. The study employed a survey method in the Greater Bandung area, encompassing Bandung City, Cimahi City, Bandung Regency, and West Bandung Regency.A sample of 20 schools and 120 students was selected proportionately at random.Data were collected through structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews, and were analyzed descriptively to identify gaps in health education content. The results indicated that 65% of students did not receive adequate education on personal hygiene, including proper handwashing, bathing, and hair washing. Furthermore, 58% of students lacked sufficient understanding about nutrition and healthy eating, while 72% did not receive education about the dangers of smoking and addictive substances.These findings underscore the necessity to fortify the health education curriculum in primary schools. This study proposes the formulation of a more comprehensive and integrated school-based curriculum, including the delineation of specific time allocations for health education and the training of teachers in the effective delivery of health materials.Practical implications of this study include the necessity of raising awareness of the paramount importance of health education through collaboration between schools, parents, and communities to foster an environment that supports children's health.
Development e-report character model for elementary school students to increase the effectiveness of assessment
Authors: Winayu Isnaeni Machra , Danim Sudarwan , Hamzah Syukri , Kristiawan Muhammad , Diharja Umar
Published: January 2025

The development of student character in integrated Islamic schools, which combine the Muslim personality-oriented Islamic Education Curriculum with the National Curriculum for behavioral assessment on report cards, is of paramount importance. This article focuses on the building of a practical and effective web-based character report card for elementary school children. This research utilized the 4 D methodology of Research & Development (R&D), including define, design, develop, and disseminate. The research findings on the development of e-report applications indicated a validity assessment by media professionals, yielding a score of 85.75%, categorizing it as highly practical. Evaluate the product's practicality with the t-test, which revealed that inputting values in the e-report application was more efficient than manual entry. The effectiveness is evidenced by the teacher's response, which garnered a positive evaluation with a score of 85.60%, categorizing it as very good. Utilizing web-based e-reports for processing assessments aids educators in effectively managing practical character behavior report scores for each assessment indicator description.
Development of Problem-Based Learning Oriented Electronic Worksheets (e-worksheets) to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills on Salt Hydrolysis Material
Authors: Puspita Sania Ayu , Nasrudin Harun
Published: January 2025

This research aims to obtain problem-based learning-oriented e-worksheets that are feasible to improve students' critical thinking skills on salt hydrolysis material. This research uses Thiagarajan's 4D method, limited to the development stage. The feasibility of e-worksheets is reviewed from three aspects: validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The limited trial was conducted in class XI-12 State High School 1 Sidoarjo with 37 students. The research data showed that The e-worksheets are declared valid, indicated by the mode of content validity and construct validity of 5 with a very valid category. The e-worksheets are declared practical, indicated by the average results of student response questionnaires of 94% with a very practice category supported by the results of student activity observations. The e-worksheets are declared effective, indicated by the average posttest score higher than the pretest score with N-Gain Score of 0.76 in the high category. The paired sample t-test results showed a significance value of 0.000, indicating a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores. The research findings show that e-worksheets focusing on problem-based learning can be used to improve student's critical thinking skills in learning salt hydrolysis material.
Bioassessment of Macroinvertebrates in Coban Rais River, Oro-Oro Ombo Vilage, Post Administrative of Batu, Batu City
Authors: Soares Adelina do Rego , Sudaryanti Sri , Koderi
Published: January 2025

Coban Rais, part of the Brantas River upstream area, is a tourist destination with natural waterfalls and anthropogenic activities affecting its river health. This study analyzed river health using macroinvertebrates sampled at nine stations with varying land uses. Samples were collected with hand nets (500 μm mesh) using a 10-meter kicking technique in riffle areas. Data were analyzed using the SIGNAL2 index. A total of 76 macroinvertebrate families from 15 orders, 3 subclasses, and 1 suborder were identified. Station 4 had the highest diversity (33 families), including Hydropsychidae and Caenidae, while Station 9 recorded the lowest (7 families), including Naididae and Chironomos thummi. SIGNAL2 results categorized stations 1 and 2 as unpolluted (values of 6.26 and 5.39, respectively), stations 3–8 as lightly polluted (values between 3.71 and 4.79), and station 9 as heavily polluted (3.61). Recommendations include maintaining unpolluted stations through regular cleaning and erosion control, reducing waste disposal near lightly polluted stations, and treating livestock waste before discharge at heavily polluted sites. Public awareness campaigns are vital to promote river health and protect macroinvertebrate diversity.
Comparison of Antioxidant Activity of Stem Bark, Stem Wood, and Leaf Extracts of Bayur Plant (Pterospermum Subpeltatum C.B.Rob)
Authors: Zakaria  , Soekamto Nunuk Hariani , Nur Suriani , Astuti Ayun Dwi
Published: January 2025

Antioxidants play a role in preventing and repairing damage to human cells. Searches for antioxidant sources continue to be carried out including in P. subpeltatum plants. This study aims to compare the antioxidant activity of the bark, wood, and leaves of P. subpeltatum C.B. Rob plants. The materials were dried and then shaved to a fineness level of 80 mesh. Materials were extracted using the maceration method with ethanol solvent. The macerate was filtered and the filtrate obtained was concentrated with an evaporator. The three extracts were tested for antioxidants using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) Free radical scavengers method, ascorbic acid was used as a comparison. Absorbances was measured using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Each material was made in 5 concentrations. The IC50 value was calculated using the Blois regression equation. The results of the antioxidant test were obtained consecutively: stem wood with an IC50 value = 3.39 μg/mL, stem bark = 5.15 μg/mL, and leaf = 258.58 μg/mL, the IC50 value of ascorbic acid was 2.79 μg/mL. Based on these data, it shows that the antioxidant activity of stem wood and stem bark is in the high category, although still lower than ascorbic acid, while the leaf are included in the weak category.