bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electronic government strategy “ the Algerian attempt”
Authors: Touiti Moustafa
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to shed light on the project of establishing the Egovernmentbasing on the idea of preparing the opportunity to all citizensand businesses sector to make an interaction and do business andgovernment activities by using electronic tools which allow doing thevarious transactions between these parties easily and speedy, which savestime, effort and costs. After four years ago to the launching of Algeriaproject-E-government in 2013-the idea of E-government didn’t reach fullmaturity and is not applied yet, as what exists from it no more than apreliminary application to digitize and automate some services, so itrequire studying the idea of E-government as a critic study todemonstrate the prospects and challenges, in addition to the degree ofAlgerian citizen response for establishing E-government, and it’s all tomaximize the advantages and avoid the inconveniants during the gradualimplementation of this idea
The reality of banking financing of the private sector in Oum El bouagui city – the determinants and difficulties-
Authors: TOURCHE ZINAB
Published: June 2023

The private sector plays an important role in economic development andcontributes to economic growth and job creation, but for doing it, it depends onability to secure the financing needed to support its creation and development.In this context, public banks are regarded as the main artery that suppliesbusinesses in this sector with the necessary funds. So through this study we triedto analyze the reality of the financing of public banks for the private sector inthe wilaya of Oum El Bouagui and to identify the most important problems anddifficulties encountered by investors in this sector to obtain the necessaryfunding.
The change as a way to activate innovation in the Algerian institutions
Authors: ZINE YOUNESSE
Published: June 2023

This study aims to identify the theoretical framework for innovation, and toaddress the theoretical concepts about the change and the management ofchange, and change is a matter of urgency to show the Algerian institutions andthe difference between change and innovation, and to highlight the contributionof the change in the activation of innovation in the Algerian institutions.The study found a number of findings, including: that in order to contributeto the change in the activation of innovation in the Algerian institutions mustfollow a series of steps, including: the need to adopt a comprehensive strategyto change, to change the prevailing culture, the need to act in accordance witheconomic sense, the scientific mind in dealing with the problems, the needstrengthen the relationship between the Algerian institutions, universities andresearch centers, the need to adopt innovative comprehensive strategy for thevarious aspects associated with the institution, a comprehensive global thinkingand local action.A set of recommendations has been provided including: the Algerianinstitutions should review its self-assessment under the circumstances andchanges rapidly, and to identify strengths and weaknesses and address theaccumulation schedule of operations, regulations, policies and organizationaland administrative procedures, prepared to face any unexpected challenges orunexpected, and activating the role of innovation through change and renewalof the laws and regulations such as establishing regulatory bodies to supportthe growth of innovative enterprises through the granting of appropriatelicenses for various activities organized for those institutions
Gouvernance d’entreprise dans la tourmente : Quelle stratégie pour y faire face ?
Authors: AISSAOUI Nasreddine
Published: June 2023

Notre objectif à travers ce papier est de mettre en valeur lastratégie d’audit comme un outil primordiale, afin de parvenir à unegouvernance d’entreprise pérenne, surtout après les scandales(Enron, Worldcom, Parmalat…) qui ont secoué le monde desaffaires au début du 21éme siècle.Une nouvelle stratégie d’audit appelé « le risque business » a étédéveloppé par des cabinets d’audits américains, au début de cesiècle pour essayer de contrecarrer les scandales financiers. Laspécificité de cette nouvelle approche d’audit ne se limite pas àl’évaluation de la sincérité des états de synthèse, elle permet àl’entreprise d’être à jours en matière d’ avancements enregistrerdans le domaine de gestion d’entreprise, les caractéristiques del’entreprise et son environnement interne et externe, ainsi que ledéveloppement quasi-permanent des obligations et des droits descabinets d’audit, etc.
The adolescent and motivations to commit suicide (A Case study )
Authors: Nora Knifa , Saadi Roufia
Published: June 2023

The phenomenon of the adolescent committing suicide a well known multi/dimensional phenomenon which requires many social approaches, to make thus more comparison in order to analyze it and to determine these dimensions, though the committing suicide is practiced by a vulnerable social category and which needs safety that is of children and teenagers. We try through the presentation of five cases to analyze some aspects of the phenomenon while relying on the repetitive real observation which stress and indicates the existence of the phenomenon and its propagation in the educational circle, while affirming its effects in a society at risk magnified by the absence of several determinants of the infantile socialsecurity.
The extent to which the Solidarity and Guarantee Fund for local communities has contributed to revitalizing local development "Evaluation Theory Study"
Authors: Yama Ibrahim
Published: June 2023

In order to avoid disparities in the field of local development between local communities (towns and cities) was created Common Fundfor local communities for the provision of financial aid to local groups are unable to support the local development programs, since the establishment of towns currently estimated in 1541 the towns and the cities (48 city) it was not based on specific economic criteria but also on political and social considerations, it has resulted in inadequate funding sources in the rehabilitation of local development.Due to the inability of the Common Fund for local communities in the recovery and promotion of local development at the local level making the Algerian legislature reconsider it in conjunction with the revision of the laws governing local communities (town and city law), where the CommonFund for local communities repair overhaul completely differentorganizational and structural aspects in terms of functions and powersthrough the Executive Decree No. 14-116 dated March 24, 2014 includedthe establishment of solidarity and security for local communities fund.In order to revitalize the development at the local level and reflectthe solidarity and cooperation and reduce the economic and developmentdisparities between towns and cities the nation supports the solidarity andsecurity of local communities outsourcing multiple financing andadministrative structures diversified fund that will make it contributes tothe recovery of local development at the local level.
Rhetoric and Persuasion from the Classical Era Through the Modern Age
Authors: MEDJEDOUB Rima
Published: June 2023

Rhetoric is the art of persuasion. The rhetorical theory offers a method for discovering the means of persuasion in discourse. Sincethe classical period up to the introduction of the new rhetoric, the views and perceptions have altered immensely in a myriad of ways.Consequently, I suggest, in order to overcome the complexity of understanding the rhetorical theory and its application, to gothrough the rhetoric’s history which has always been focused on areas pertinent to persuasion. In this overview, I avoided to dealwith the contemporary theories (and leave them to another occasion) because in the turn of the twentieth century, the newrhetoric broke down with the old tradition, the emphasis on persuasion, and new meanings and theories have promulgated in aquantity and audacity unprecedented in the history of rhetoric that the scope of the present article does not allow to cover.
Econometric study of the determinants of demand for money in Algeria
Authors: Bchiker Abed
Published: June 2023

La demande d’argent est l’un des thèmes plus importants liés aux politiques de stabilité économique, ces politiques visent à créer uneadéquation entre l’offre de monnaie et de la demande dans la limite de la crise de la monnaie et l’impact négatif sur La production réelle et de là peut être vu le rôle de l’argent dans l’économie et aussi prouver le lien de causalité entre l’argent et la distribution des revenus et des richesses et le niveau général des prix, et sur cette base, nous avons dans le présent document à l’aide d’une étude empirique (modèles autorégressive VAR) Identifier et analyser les déterminants de la demande de monnaie en Algérie.
The relationship between variables of the internal work environment and the work pressures in the organization
Authors: Dahan Mohamed , Koraychi Hajer
Published: June 2023

The internal work environment and its components have always been adetermining factor in the success of the company, Since the performance of human resources could be influenced either positively or negatively by the effect of these components. Indeed, the main constituents of this environment, which are The post itself, Work systems and procedures, Leadership, physical and social work environment ... etc, Can be factors of satisfaction and stimulation for workers, as they can become a source of pressures and tensions that create psychological, social, and economic problems forworkers and the organization to which they belong.
The effects of television advertising on materialism and life satisfaction: A study with Algerian university students
Authors: Belhaj Tarek
Published: June 2023

Previous research in the unintended effects of television advertising has been conducted largely in Western countries with little research being conducted in other setting. The results suggest that The development of people’s satisfaction with life seems to contradict the growth in materialistic consumption promoted by advertising messages. This study examined the effects of television advertising on materialistic tendencies and life satisfaction in a non-Western setting. In a first step, a conceptual model based on existing hypotheses was developed, and in a second step, this model was tested using a sample of 131 Algerian students. Usingregression analysis and structural equation modeling, the findings show that advertising exposure is positively related to materialism and negatively related to life satisfaction. The results suggest that the effects of advertising on both materialism and life satisfaction could be moderated by the extent to which advertising is perceived to be materialistic. Materialism, in turn, contributes significantly to dissatisfaction with life.
Économie post-pétrole:Émirats Arabes Unis un modèle pionnier dans la diversification économique
Authors: Boufanech Wassila
Published: June 2023

La plupart des pays producteurs de pétrole ont une économie déséquilibrée en raison de la dépendance d’une seule source de revenu pour financer leurs politiques de développement, Ce qui les fit à adopter des stratégies alternatives pour diversifier son économie et faire face aux défit économiques actuels et futurs.Parmi les pays qui ont adopté une politique de diversification économique comme une choix stratégique de développement l’émirats arabes unis, qui considérée comme une expérience importante en développement, qui digne êtreétudier au vu des résultats obtenus.
Administrative Empowerment as a Modern Approach to achieve a Service Quality in Business Organizations Field study on Algeria Telecom institution
Authors: Rachame Kahina , Jamile Ahmed
Published: June 2023

This study seeks to try and find out the contribution of managerial empowerment in achieving service quality, and in order to test theAlgerian environment to embrace these new concepts has been chosen Algerian Telecom company as a location of research, and to achieve the objectives of the study we designed and developed two questionnaires, one was directed to the employees of Algerian Telecom company, in order to determine the level of empowerment in the company, and the other to its customers in order to identify the relationship between two variables and to find out the quality level of service that provided by the company under study, were used Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyze the questionnaire data, the study found there is no role for the mpowerment in service quality, The study recommends the need to increase attention to the company employees, opening a wider freedom of action and hear their ideas and suggestions, With the face of obstacles that limit the effective implementation of empowerment, such as centralized, and hierarchical organizational structures and complex, And take more attention to customers, What leads one way or another to improve the service quality at the company under study.
Rent : Between the resource curse, Economic corruption and the impact of the current crisis - Analytical Study of the inconvenient of oil in Algeria-
Authors: Halimi Hakima
Published: June 2023

This study aims to reveal the disadvantages of oil in Algeria through three basic axes, First We discussed about the natural resourcecurse that has remained inherent renter states, by searching the symptoms and mechanisms of Dutch disease In the Algerian economy, second We reviewed the resulting oil revenues, Especially in the economic side, Through the analysis of the relationship between them, Finally, we pointed out the repercussions of the oil crisis on the national economy, the study concluded that Oil revenues contributed to the financing of development schemes for decades, but its negative effects imposed the need to move the national economy has a renter nature into a productive economy through a comprehensive program of economic diversification.
L'innovation musicale dans la poésie de Ali bin Abdul Rahman Bin Abielbichre Sicilien - Lire dans les Mouwashahat du Maroc suscité -
Authors: Bouzidi Salim
Published: June 2023

The present research deals with the musical innovation within the poetry of Ali bin Abdul Rahman bin Abi El Bisher El Sikilli. Thelatter stood as one of the pioneer Maghriban poets who wrote terza rima in a way that allows generating more than one metre byrelying on approximate metrics of the light metre, the sand metre and the root meter in both its complete and partial picture. Thisrepresents a Maghriban attempt to renew the religious terza rima which appeared in the Arab Maghreb, and was known as thecountry metrics.
The Exchangeable relationship between The Financial Market Indices (Islamic and Traditional) - A Standard Study of the " LQ45 and JII Indices on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Madahi Mohamed , Tarkou Mohamed
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relation between traditional stock exchange of Indonesia LQ45 the Islamic one. Through the analysis of stock market indicators in general and Indonesia Stock Exchange in particular, in addition to assessing self-gradient beam model and the analysis of functions response and components to predict the two indicating errors contrast. The study concluded that there is a mutual influence of the two indicators but the degree of vulnerability and response to traditional index (93.08%) is greater than Islamic index (4.85%) as well as large conventional index fluctuations comparing to the Islamic index that is stable.
The emergence of constitutions in the perspective of the Algerian experience
Authors: Lamzari Moufida
Published: June 2023

The constitutional law is a science that focuses on setting legal rules that regulate the State’s authority and organizes lives of thepeople who live on its soil in a way that guarantee respect and protection for both.The constitution is the logical result of the circumstances that surround it, regarding both its creation and content.Algeria as many others countries, issued a range of constitutions during its history within certain circumstances, in fact the first onewas issued in September 1960 and it lasted only 23 days as the President at that time applied the section no. 59 includingexceptional circumstances.Then came the Constitution of November 22, 1976 which adopted socialism as ideology, but it did not succeed in achieving the goalsit was meant to consequently it was repealed by the constitution of February 29, 1989 that abandoned the socialist ideology andadopted liberalism that was applied in Law, Politics and Economy.AS this last Constitution was incomplete, the legislator modified it in 1996, then many other modifications have been succeeding untilnow.
Evolution of Interest Rate Policy in Algeria: (1970- June 2015) From Restriction to Liberalization
Authors: Chelghoume Amirouche
Published: June 2023

The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of interest rate policy in Algeria during the period (1970- June 2015); we candistinguish between two periods, financial repression period (1970- 1989), which characterized by the widespread interference by thestate in financial system, through administrative determination of interest rates at low levels, this policy was responsible for excessivemonetary expansion, low financial savings and misallocation of resources. Authorities liberalized various interest rates, policy rateand retail rates (debtor and creditor), in the framework of the transition to market based economy (1990- June2015). Theresearch found limited success of the interest rate policy liberalization in the activation of monetary policy and bankingintermediation in Algeria.
The impact of oil resources on the macroeconomic variables of the Algerian economy
Authors: Hidouchie ََAchour , Aouil Miloud
Published: June 2023

The correlation between the achievement of development in Algeria andunstable oil resources due to the dominance of the hydrocarbon sector, whichrepresents 60% of the general budget and about 40% as a contribution to theGDP turnover shows the fragility of the economy, as an economy of singleproduction and resource, and given the scale of the financial resources of oil,especially in the period 2000-2014, and despite the improvement inperformance of the Algerian economy in terms of achieving internal andexternal macroeconomic balances, but it was momentary and did not contributeto stimulate growth and create conditions for economic take-off. Theimprovement of these effects has required the allocation of large sums of moneywithout creating productive sectors of value added. In the light of theinstability, the question of the need to work to reduce the degree of dependenceon the oil sector and to activate non-oil sources of income as an inevitablenecessity to achieve development is asked.
The manifestations of violence in urban areas-a field study in the state of El-Tarf-
Authors: Beradjem Soumia , Djellali Rezak
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to detect and analyze the demeanor of a group of individuals and to know their views on the phenomenon of violence that it has spread at a rapid pace in Algerian society as a result of the social and urban transformation it produces... etc., we must take care and caution to avoid many problems. This is in the light of some variables such as sex and age. The method of social scanning was adopted using the random sample, where data were collected by forms and the SPSS system was identified as a tool for study. The results of the study showed responses Different members of the study sampleAbout the types of violence prevalent in the state of el-Tarf, Statistically, we found differences with a statistical function between the prevalence of violent Behaviours and unemployment, and we found differences of function Statistical differences between social and unemployment, but we also found differences with a statistical function between the group of comrades and the abandonment of the role of the institutions of upbringing.Finally, a set of recommendations was proposed, the most important of which was the search for the impact of other variables and further studies on the subject.
Etude de la contribution des TIC à la croissance des PME : Etat des lieux en Algérie?
Authors: MOKHEFI AMINE , DJAMANE Mohammed Fayçal
Published: June 2023

Pour survivre ou se développer, les PME doivent à présent créer de la valeur et s’engager dans les nouvelles technologies. Cette question est d’autant plus importante que ces entreprises sont supposées ne pas posséder les ressources internes, notamment humaines, pour exploiter les possibilités de valorisation que les TIC représentent (Brousseau et Rallet, 1999).L’objectif de notre travail est d’étudier l’impact des TIC sur la croissance et le développement des PME privées, nous tenterons de répondre aux questionnements suivants :Existe-t-il un retard dans ce domaine ? Les PME algériennes tirent-elles vraiment profit des TIC ?
Étude quantitative et qualitatif du capital humain dans l'analyse micro économique
Authors: Belghanami Nadjat Wassila
Published: June 2023

l’objet de cet article est de mettre en relief le concept de capital humain qu’est devenu incontournable tant au sein du monde de la recherche académique (économistes, gestionnaires) que dans le monde des affaires (entreprise). Nous allons présenter sommairement la compréhension du capital humain qui renvoie aux multiples manières de concevoir et de définir les capacités individuelles ou collectives de mobilisation dans l’action, des connaissances, savoirs et comportements condition de l’efficacité humaine en situation de travail adaptés aux normes actuelles de l’efficacité économique.
The role of public expenditure in achieving economic growth in Algeria Analytical study for the period (2000-2017)
Authors: Guerroumi Hamid , Benlecheb Hamza
Published: June 2023

This research aims at identifying the role of public expenditure in achievingeconomic growth in Algeria during the period 2000-2017. This is done byaddressing the theoretical framework of public expenditure as well aseconomic growth. The analytical approach is shown in the practical aspectthrough the analytical study of public expenditures and economic growth ratesin Algeria during the period of study, based on figures and data.The study concluded that despite the expansive expansion policy pursuedby the Algerian government since the beginning of the third millenniumthrough the adoption of development programs that sought to achieve theobjectives of the most important growth rates outside the hydrocarbons sectorand diversification of the economy and the elimination of excessivedependence on fuel, but the results remain modest, The current oil crisis hasshown us the fragility of the Algerian economy and its growth rates in thehydrocarbon sector, which necessitates accelerating the development of anintegrated program to develop and build a diversified and productiveeconomy.
ARAB RHETORIC IN THE LIFE OF PRAGMATICS HAZEEM EL QARTAJANI AS A SAMPLE
Authors: Begah Samai
Published: June 2023

This study is a modest attempt which aims at contributing to understandingand analysing the high Arab literary patrimony, through introducing one ofthe most eminent Arabic books, precisely: “ MINHAJE EL BOULAGA WASIRAJE EL UDABA.” This exceptional book, in the matter of topic and methodology, was andsteel is the concern of countless researchers and writers, thanks to its richscientific, critical rhetorical and philosophical content, whose importance isnot inferior to that of modern theories of pragmatics and other branches onlinguistics. The content of HAZEM’s book embodies the rhetorical and the criticalawareness of the ARAB patrimony and thus, the latter requires a serious studyin order to unveil and exploit the mysterious treasure hid in the ancientliterature. In our attempt to study ARAB rhetoric, we shall specifically shed the lighton HAZEM’s one, aiming to read and analyse it pragmatically, and to study itaccording to, and compared with modern theory .
The role of the dashboard as a tool to management control in activating the corporate governance
Authors: Zeghib Malika , Kerkad Adel
Published: June 2023

This study aims to identify the role of the dashboard, as oneof the modern tools to management control, in activating corporategovernance by demonstrating its role as a powerful control tool and akey means of delivering appropriate information about theorganization's performance.The study found that the dashboard as an information system, which is based on financial and qualitative indicators, has an effective role in promoting best practices and measuring performance to maximizeaccountability and transparency. In addition to that, designing itaccording to the requirements and principles of governance contributesto a good evaluation of the corporation's performance and limitsagency problems by reducing information asymmetries betweendifferent levels of management, shareholders and all stakeholders. Thissupports an effective corporate governance system.
Phonetics interference between Arabic and French in third year of Algerian primary education.
Authors: Maazouzen Samir
Published: June 2023

This study seeks to reveal the manifestations of phonetics interferencein Arabic and French in an attempt from a learner to learn his secondlanguage. Language learner are often incorporating into the secondlanguage first language phonetic and could replace the ones he can’tpronounce (in the second language) by others in his own language, orfrom near phonemes. To reach our goal we will depend on the method of errors analysis toanalyze the code language, passing through three stages: identifyingthe error, describing it and finally interpreting it. So we will try tounderstand what phonetics interference is, its causes and consequencesand clarify its manifestations in pronunciation and writing letters
Social representations of the impact of night work on family life sectorof workers in the health
Authors: Abidi Sanaa
Published: June 2023

Malgré l'importance du travail de nuit pour les citoyens et la société, il a deseffets psychologiques, physiques et sociaux sur l'individu et sa famille. Dans cet article, nous avons utilisé une méthode associative : le réseaud'association pour étudier les représentations sociales chez les Travailleursdu secteur de la santé sur les effets du travail de nuit sur leur vie familiale àtravers la conciliation : travail –famille.
The process of R&D in the pharmaceutical industryTakeda Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd as a model of open innovation
Authors: Ghoul Ferhat , Ben mamer Wassila
Published: June 2023

Research and development is the pivotal function of thepharmaceutical industry. It is a knowledge-based industry that isconstantly innovating and adapting to environmental variables inorder to provide appropriate treatment solutions. Japan's Takeda Pharmaceutical Company is one of the world'sleading pharmaceutical laboratories. It has a wide range ofresearch platforms in many countries. It is based on the openinnovation model as a source of pharmaceutical innovation .
Maghreb Economic Integration between Success Opportunities and Activation Constraints
Authors: Benkhedidja Mouncif , Harireche Nadji
Published: June 2023

Abstract: This paper addresses the subject of Maghreb economic integration and therange of opportunities offered by the real Maghreb countries integration,because the region countries have economic, natural, human and culturalassets that guarantee an economic and political unit formation with animportant weight in the global economic system. Through this study we aim topresent and analyze the Maghreb experience in regional economic integrationand the main reasons that prevented the real embodiment of the project, aswell as the analysis of the possible opportunities and gains by the integrationof concerned countries, and the priorities through which those opportunitiescould be seized, drawing on most important international organizationsstatistics and scenarios. One of the most important results of this study is thatMaghreb economic integration promotes intra-regional trade development inorder to strengthen its international bargaining position and uniting its effortsto meet common challenges in the area, making it more attractive to domesticand foreign investments, it is therefore an irreplaceable strategic choice toensure prosperity and prosperity.
Tourism Industry in Algeria and MoroccoOpportunities and challenges
Authors: Midaini Mohamed , Ben arya Houcin
Published: June 2023

This study examines the different aspects of the tourism industry in anattempt to identify its potential in Algeria and Morocco and the extent ofthe industry interest. The contribution of the tourism industry to theeconomy of Algeria and Morocco is also examined in an attempt tocompare the two countries during the period from 2008 to 2014 byanalyzing the development of the most important indicators of this sectorin the two countries and the challenges of tourism development inAlgeria and Morocco. The study concluded that The contribution of thetourism sector to the GDP, is failed to achieve the desired results fromthe various strategies adopted by Morocco and Algeria to promote andsupport the tourism sector. The most important recommendation of thispaper is to promote tourism inside and outside the country and thedissemination of tourist culture; in addition to the focus on diversifyingtourism industry in such a way to ensure the sustainability of touristactivity. The latter becomes a concern for governments in adopting industrial investments, especially in the field of energy.
Financial indépendance for local communities in the Algerian law
Authors: Boukhlefa Badisali
Published: June 2023

This study aims to evaluate the extent of financial indépendance forlocal communities in the Algerian law, it was conducted by relying onthe legal texts that are related to local finance. The study concludedthat the financial indépendance is weak for local communities and thatthey are relying mainly and increasingly on state subsidies. We havepresented at the end some suggestions that help in strengthening thefinancial indépendance of local communities.
Agricultural entrepreneurship as a strategic alternativeto diversifying Algeria's economy ـــ Model ـــ The case of Wadi Suf ـــ
Authors: Khaddir Soufain , Khouazem Hamza
Published: June 2023

This study aims mainly to address the entrepreneurial agriculturalprojects as a strategic option to diversify the Algerian economy in lightof the collapse of oil prices in the global market, and that as theagricultural sector as an important economic sectors and the mostimportant sectors, the main constituent of gross domestic product, andis of great importance substantial income of the total power sourcelabor as well as its contribution to the food security of the population.the sector DAI wide attention by the state to promote and develop,which translates agricultural support policies are in use by the state inrecent years
The inevitability of adopting an ethical code for human resource management in the organization: a proposed model
Authors: Krichi Hadjer , Krichi Mohamed salah
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we discussed the necessity of adopting rules that govern themanagement of human resources within the company, as we aim to highlightthe importance of the company's approach to adopting a code of ethics andproposing a model of reference for moral code in human resourcesmanagement. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, we havechosen a descriptive approach, in which we’ve reviewed the conceptualframework of job’s ethics, and a case study, at a later stage of the research,presenting the function of managing human resources. We have reached theresult that there is a necessity to create a code of ethics in human resourcesmanagement as it helps to sensitize workers in their respective jobs anddirects them towards ethical practices in order to ensure reaching theexpected objectives for each job. We have provided a model to be consideredas a reference framework that would provide a set of values and controls to beadhered by the human resources managers.
The use of social networks and their negative effects on the family
Authors: Ali moussa َAmel
Published: June 2023

The aim of this article is to shed light on the use of social networks and the negative effects of this use on the family. We discussed the level of use of Algeria and the Arab region of social networks during 2017, and the negative effects resulting from the use of these sites, The Facebook network, Twitter, The Astigram We have reached through statistics that Algeria is one of the most important Arab countries used for social networking networks, especially the network Facebook, ranked third in the Arab network and these have significant negative effects on the family and its members if overstated Or misuse.The article presents a range of ways and means to address the negative effects of the use of social networks on the family
The contribution of knowledge and technology in driving change The Algerian University as a model
Authors: هبال عبد المالم هبال عبد المالم , عبد الرزاق براهيمي
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to demonstrate the importance of the knowledge dimension in facilitating the task of change leaders in the organization as organizational change is an inherent characteristic of all organizations, an important part of the administrative process and a major function of the successful leader, not a reaction that appears only during critical circumstances and crises. Therefore, the administrative leaders face great responsibilities in how to move and motivate the process of change and confront the forces that resist it in all organizations of different levels and diversity of functions, where the world is witnessing various political and cultural changes and changes, economic and social, which was accompanied by crises, political and military conflicts, The ability to predict the future and focus on the Algerian University as a model
Migrants and the “LIFO” Rule: Learned Lessons from the Financial Crisis 2008
Authors: مغتات مغتات
Published: June 2023

The 2008’s financial crisis has directly affected the labor markets in developed countries either by the dismissals or by declining in wages. This strong sudden change had an inevitable impact on the international migration flows, especially on migrants working in the labor markets of the affected countries, what has led to a decline of the legal migrants flows and to a continuous growing of the social tension between migrants and the native workers. This made most of immigration-attracting countries reconsidering  their policies that encourage the return migration to rectify the high unemployment rates and give the priority to the native workers. According to the economists and from the fact of previous crises experiences; so migrants are victims of the rule « Last-In-First-Out », which means that migrants are the last to be employed in the labor market and the first to be laid off in a state of crisis.
The symbiotic role of the endowment system in achieving sustainable development - presentation of the Algerian experience in the investment of endowments-
Authors: لمزري مفيدة
Published: June 2023

Endowment plays a significant role in development through many of the activities which he is financing(Education, health, social services, etc.) however, the narrow view of the endowment as a religious institution means the affairs of mosques and those who maintain them only, Led to the focus of studies on the religious dimension without regard to the economic dimension social and financial conditions of the endowment, in this paper I have attempted to highlight the effective role which is carried out by the endowment institutions in order to achieve the comprehensive development of the state, and the impact on the economy and society and the areas that contribute to finance, by addressing the Algerian experience in the investment of endowment property its stages and the legal framework it governs, as for the result obtained through research, the Algerian experience is still in its infancy and needs to benefit from the experiences of other countries
The Theoretical and Applied Approach of International mobility of Students in Algerian Universities under the Current Reform of Higher Education –the Model of LMD System–
Authors: بخوش وليد
Published: June 2023

The objectives of this study are to examine the mobility of students at the Algerian University, particularly the international mobility, which is one of the most important objectives of the LMD system, which is one of the most recent reforms adopted by the Algerian University in its new engineering of higher education. The research question is: What is the reality and prospects of mobility of students at the Algerian University under the application of the LMD system. "To know this, we started from a general hypothesis and four procedural hypotheses. The study sample consisted of (130) students between foreign and Algerian students. In order to collect data, both the form and the interview were used according to the comparative descriptive method and data analysis In the end, the Algerian university has a policy of closure and has no prospects of attracting foreign students to it. Those who are present are in the framework of providing assistance to the governments of these students or within the framework of an agreement. As for our Algerian students, Is seeking partnerships with developed countries to send them to foreign universities for Algeria to benefit from their experience
Scenery Representation in Poetry of the Palestinian Resistance, a Poem "in Jerusalem" by Tamim Barghouthi _an Artistic Approach_
Authors: ا مغربي محمد رضا
Published: June 2023

The Study aims at revealing the features of the scenery representation in the poetry of the Palestinian Resistance. Exactly, the Poem "in Jerusalem" by Tamim Barghouthi.  The study starts from the fact that poetry  is  based  on  an  artistic  and  dramatic  construction which  is  rich  of  time,  place,  music,  cinematic, persons and dynamic scenes.  All of these are basic components of a scenery representation.

    By analysing the poem "In Jerusalem" by the young refugee poet Tamim Barghouthi we made a modest attempt to pick up some fruits of the scenery representation between the folds of the vocabulary and the compositions that were embodied in this poem.
An analysis of Organizational Culture Dimensions in Economic Enterprise: Empirical Study on Sample of Leather Tanning enterprises in Algeria.
Authors: بن عودة مصطفى
Published: June 2023

This study dealt with the issue of of organizational culture dimensions in Leather-tanning institutions in Algeria. The study was applied to a sample of (142) employees, out of a study population of (714) employees. The study used a questionnaire as a tool for gathering information and data. The questionnaire was distributed on various workers in different organizational levels in the leather tanning institutions (Top management, Middle management, Lower management, Typical functions). The study concluded to a set of results including the following:

   The high level of awareness of all the dimensions of organizational culture (customer orientation, consistency and coherence, results orientation, adaptability, team orientation) as we noticed high levels, except two dimensions (creativity and innovation encouraging, inclusion and cohesion) in which we noticed medium levels.

   There is agreement in the views and perceptions of workers in the leather tanning institutions in Algeria, about the realization of organizational culture dimensions, and in spite of the difference of (gender, educational level, duration of service, the nature of the job, geographical distribution, the nature of the institution), but they disagree about the perception of the dimensions of organizational culture by: age of employee, length of service, the nature of employment contracts that bind workers in their institutions.
Media training in Algeria between the necessities of upgrading academic research and the challenge to respond to development and democracy benefits
Authors: ALLAK Rafika
Published: June 2023

There is no doubt that the deep transformation witnessed by human life in the modern era has taken place at various levels , the media was not so much more aware of it , than it was the more fortunate element of the process of transformation and its main contributor .

It has become one of the strategic proponents of building political , economic , social and cultural development projects , and successful development policies can not be established without effective reforms with well-defined media plans .

               The societal need for media research imposed a convergence of its results with community concerns through an integrated approach commensurate with current benefits , but the deepening of the media attention to the developmental problems and the democratic stakes , and the transition from stereotype transfer to active participation in all national construction plans and follow their cours .
The impact of the use of cooperative learning in the achievement of sixth grade students Jerusalem in mathematics
Authors: Sanaa Amraish , Alnahoui Attahar
Published: June 2023

The current research aims to study the impact of the use of collaborative learning in the collection of students of the sixth grade primary school mixed elementary school in mathematics. In order to achieve the objective of the research, the researcher put the following hypothesis: There were no statistically significant differences between the average number of students who studied mathematics using cooperative learning and the average number of students who studied mathematics in the traditional way. (49) students representing students of two divisions of the class For the academic year 2017/2018The researcher used the experimental design of two equal groups, where the sample chose the intended method and measured it into the first experimental groups that taught mathematics using collaborative learning and the second control, which is taught in the traditional way. And then parity between them in the variables of the student's age, grade of all grades and grade in mathematics in the sixth grade average level of education for his parents ,For the sixth grade in the public schools, as well as a statistical test in the first and second chapters of the mathematics book itself and according to its coefficient of stability. The two groups studied for six weeks. After the completion of the teaching, the test was conducted for the sample students. The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the average of the students who studied mathematics using cooperative learning and the average number of students who studied mathematics in the traditional way for the experimental group, In light of the results of the study, the researcher recommended using cooperative learning in teaching and suggesting similar studies to be studied in other classes and stages.
Modernism Poetic of Abou Tammam from the Perspective of Ancient Arab Criticism. _Language Criticism Model
Authors: Boudjerra Samira_
Published: June 2023

linguistic Arabic  critics and the modern  poetry  of Abou  Tamam.  They were  the

first to receive the modernity of About Tamam and provide their jujments which contributed  in clarifying some critical concepts that are included in the core of hritecal Arabic poetry.
Mofdi Zakaria’s Poetic Revolutionary Discourse
Authors: Boumali Hanane
Published: June 2023

Revolution, without its people’s tongue to express it and elucidate its principles, is rootless and cannot exceed the surface of the ground on which it grows; therefore, it can be easily distorted and falsified because it did not go deeper into man’s affect nor did it blend with his mind and heart. No history records revolution; but, true poetry bestows upon the revolution what information fails to grant to history. Mofdi Zakaria is one

of the Algerian poets who did not bind themselves to narrow patriotism determined by the identity card. He, however, concerned himself with his nation’s big issues, extolled its hopes, mourned its pains, was highly occupied with it, recorded it in his poems, and perhaps granted it a high status. This article would probably enlighten an important aspect of poeticism in Mofdi Zakaria’s revolutionary discourse via an interpretative approach to poetic texts in his book ‘The Sacred Flame’
Insurance of Sports Practitioners
Authors: Aknarouss MOHAMMED LAMINE
Published: June 2023

This study examined the position of insurance among sports practitioners, given the important role of sport insurance services in our time. That importance is due to accidents and damage in sport, whether these damages occurred due to a sport or a game instrument. Thus, it is necessary for the athlete to have protection. Hence, sports officials and practitioners must search for guarantees of their rights. We came to define the legal texts that would guarantee the athlete's rights and define his duties. Let sports accidents insurance be of great importance in supporting sports activity and reducing the risks of sports, by providing it with a guarantee for all participants in sports activity and the various aspects of this activity. Therefore, the idea of ​​risks had to be accepted, requiring identification and prevention of risks through insurance.
Procedures for the unconstitutionality between political control and judicial supervision - comparative study
Authors: Bendjerad ABDERRAHMANE , Mahdaoui ABDELKADER
Published: June 2023

The procedure for unconstitutionality of laws in countries that have entrusted the task of controlling the constitutionality of laws to a political body differs from those States that have entrusted this task to a judicial body, as countries that have taken political control such as France and Algeria have been entrusted with censorship of the constitutionality of laws to a Constitutional Council Adjudicates the legality of the Law on which the money of a dispute depends when it violates rights and freedoms, whereas in states that take judicial control, such as the United States of America and Morocco, the law is adjudicated by a judicial body, often a constitutional court.

The study attempts to explain the most important differences between the two types of control over the constitutionality of laws and the powers of judicial bodies in charge of supervision.
Mobilities at the service of urban heritage, scenarios for the tourism in Old Mila
Authors: Adjeroud Heythem
Published: June 2023

This work deals with the subject of the historical center of Old Mila, and tries through the reading and the analysis of available data and historical facts, to identify the best routes in order to guarantee the emergence within it of an urban and socioeconomic dynamic which will become a lever for the safeguarding of its urban heritage.

The aim of this study is to shed light on an interesting opportunity to build a project around urban heritage through tourism development, the museumization of monuments and creating touristic circuits.