bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Primer Sets and Cost Efficient Multiplex PCR-based eDNA Sequencing for Community Dynamics of Cyanobacteria, Eukaryotic Phytoplankton and Zooplankton in Lake
Authors: Zou Shanmei , Smith Lydia
Published: October 2020

BackgroundComprehensive and accurate monitoring of aquatic microbial diversity will greatly improve the understanding of marine and freshwater ecology, to which cost efficient high-throughput environmental DNA (eDNA) sequencing with effective primers will contribute. Yet our understanding about the aquatic microorganism diversity remains in its infancy due to the diversity complexity and limited gene markers. The algae blooms in lake often cause serious environmental and social problems.MethodsWe developed simple and cost efficient multiplex PCR-based eDNA Illumina sequencing and new gene primers for community diversity, spatio-temporal dynamics and interaction of cyanobacteria, eukaryotic phytoplankton and zooplankton in Lake Tai by large samples. A total of 9 gene barcodes (three regions of 18S, 28S, 23S, two regions of 16S and two regions of rbcL) are used, out of which primers of 18S-v4-5, 28S, 16S-new and two rbcL markers are newly designed. ResultsThe taxonomic assignments of all gene barcodes at each of species, genus, family and phylum level differed from each other. The 23S, 16S and 16S-new are all high effective for detecting cyanobacteria. The 28S could be as useful universal marker for detecting eukaryotic phytoplankton and zooplankton. The 18S-v4-5 shows more variation than 18S-v1-3 and 18S-v9. Two new rbcL markers specifically assign Chlorophyta and Cryptophyta successfully. The cyanobacteria abundance accounts for the highest proportion among all taxa detected for both spring and summer, followed by zooplankton, Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta. The phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity varies significantly from spring to summer, but shows no much geographic difference. Most interactions among phytoplankton and zooplankton are positive in the molecular ecological network. The temperature is shown as the remarkable environmental factor affecting the diversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton seasonally. ConclusionsIt is critical to employ multiple effective gene markers for accurate microbial diversity detection in lake. Our simple and cost efficient multiplex PCR-based eDNA sequencing with effective primer sets would contribute to aquatic phytoplankton and zooplankton monitoring. The diversity of cyanobacteria, eukaryotic phytoplankton and zooplankton in Lake Tai varies significantly from spring to summer, but shows no much geographic variation. The temperature is shown as the remarkable environmental factor affecting the diversity.
Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Emergency Resources – An Observational Multicenter Study Including All Hospitals in a Major Urban Center of the Rhein Ruhr Metropolitan Region
Authors: Bergrath Sebastian , Strapatsas Tobias , Tuemen Michael , Reith Thorsten , Deussen Marc , Aretz Olaf , Hohn Andreas , Lahm Andreas
Published: October 2020

Background: The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to severe disruption in social life and economics. The present study should analyze the impact of the local COVID-19 epidemic on emergency resources for all hospitals in a major urban center (Moenchengladbach, Germany). Methods: An observational multicenter study was performed involving all four acute care hospitals. Systemic parameters department (ED) parameters from week 4 to 24 in 2020 were compared to the corresponding period in 2019 for each hospital and in a summative data analysis using a logistic regression model. Outcomes: ED visits, ED to hospital admission, ED to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, medical specialties of admitted patients, work related accidents. Results: In week 9/2020 the first SARS-CoV-2 positive patients were detected in our region. All hospitals decided to minimize elective admissions to ensure operational capability for COVID-19 patients. The summative number of ED visits dropped from 34,659 to 28,008. Numbers decreased from week 8 on between 38% and 48% per week per hospital at the maximum and began to rise again from week 16 on. The pooled data analysis showed statistically significant decreases in outpatient ED visits (20,152 vs. 16,477, p=<0.001), hospital admissions of ED patients (14,507 vs. 11,531, p=<0.001), and work-related accidents (2,290 vs. 1,468, p=<0.001). The decrease in admissions from ED to ICU did not reach statistical significance (2,093 vs. 1,566, p=0.255). The decline in ED cases was mainly caused by a decrease in non-trauma and non-surgical patients. Conclusion: The regional COVID-19 outbreak led to significantly reduced ED contacts after the first COVID-19 cases appeared. Even the admissions to the hospitals and the number of ED to ICU-admissions decreased, which is potentially dangerous, because the ratio of emergency outpatients vs. inpatients remained stable. Therefore, one can assume that patients with severe medical problems did not seek ED care in many cases. The decline of patients was earlier than in other German hospitals and in contrast to the findings in the U.S. and Italy where ED visits and hospital admissions in medical disciplines increased.
The evaluation of the long-term influence of the Kinesio Taping method on the selected parameters in patients with rotator cuff lesions: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wróbel Magdalena , Bac Aneta , Ogrodzka-Ciechanowicz Katarzyna , Zalewski Mateusz , Michalik Edyta , Ścisłowska-Czarnecka Anna
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThe aim of our study was to assess the influence of KT on the pain, range of motion and muscle strength of the rotator cuff during long-term rehabilitation process. Methods In pre post treatment randomized controlled trial took part sixty outpatients with the rotator cuff injury. Thirty participants were assigned into a researched group in which Kinesio Taping was combined with a six-week rehabilitation program and a control group (30 patients) in which only rehabilitation program was employed. Patients underwent functional testing according to the protocol of Orthopaedic Medicine Cyriax and were subjected to the measurement of muscle strength using Biodex System 4 dynamometer. ResultsThe therapy brought positive results in both groups when it comes to the increase of their muscle strength and the improvement of the upper limb functionality. Better effects were achieved by the therapy that used Kinesio Taping method, although the differences were not statistically significant. ConclusionsThe use of the Kinesio Taping method combined with the rehabilitation program gave the same results as the employment of the rehabilitation program alone in reference to the pain, range of motion and muscle strength of the rotator cuff. Trail Registration This study was registered prospectively in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR). ACTRN12617000624381.https://www.anzctr.org.au/ ACTRN12617000624381.
Long non-coding RNA TUG1/microRNA-29/PTEN axis in ischemia-reperfusion in a rat model
Authors: Xu Zhiquan , Huang Xiaoyan , Lin Qiuyu , Xiang Wei
Published: October 2020

Objective: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) is increased under ischemia. This study intended to identify the potential competing endogenous RNA network involving TUG1 in renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).Methods: A rat model of acute renal injury induced by I/R was established, and the differentially expressed genes were analyzed by microarray. The levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatine (SCr), methylenedioxyphetamine (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum of rats were measured. HE staining evaluated the pathological damage of renal tissues, western blot analysis detect the levels of apoptosis- and autophagy-related proteins, immunofluorescence staining detected LC3 fluorescence intensity, and transmission electron microscope observed autophagosomes. Pull-down assay and dual luciferase reporter gene assay were used to verify the targeting relationship among TUG1, miR-29 and PTEN. The effects of TUG1 on biological behaviors of renal tubular cells were evaluated by simulating the acute renal injury induced by I/R in vitro.Results: In vivo, the levels of BUN, SCr and MDA in serum of I/R-treated rats were increased, SOD level and autophagosomes were reduced, tubule epithelial cells were necrotic, and TUG1 was upregulated in renal tissues of I/R-treated rats, which were reversed by TUG1 knockdown. Autophagy inhibition attenuated the protective effect of TUG1 knockdown on I/R-treated rats. TUG1 could competitively bind to miR-29 to promote PTEN expression. In vitro, low expression of TUG1 promoted proliferation and autophagy of renal tubular cells and inhibited apoptosis.Conclusion: TUG1 knockdown promotes autophagy and improves acute renal injury in I/R-treated rats by binding to miR-29 to silence PTEN.
Survival and Predictors of Mortality Among Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit in Southern Ethiopia: A Multi-center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Abate semagn Mekonnen , Assen Sofia , Yinges Mengistu , Basu Bivash
Published: October 2020

Background: The burden of life-threatening conditions requiring intensive care unit has grown substantially in low-income countries related to an emerging pandemic, urbanization, and hospital expansion. The rate of ICU mortality is varied from region to region in Ethiopia. However, body of evidence on ICU mortality and its predictors is uncertain. This study was designed to investigate the pattern of disease and predictors of mortality in Southern Ethiopia.Methods: After obtaining Ethical clearance from institutional Review Board (IRB), a multi-center retrospective Cohort study was conducted among three teaching referral hospital ICUs of southern Ethiopia from June, 2018 to May, 2020. Five hundred and seventeen Adult ICU patients were selected. Data were entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22 and STATA version 16 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were run to see the overall distribution of the variables. Chi square test and odds ratio were determine to identify the association between independent and dependent variables. Multivariate analysis was conducted to control possible confounders and identify independent predictors of ICU mortality.Results: The mean (± SD) of the patients admitted in ICU was 34.25(±5.25). The overall ICU mortality rate was 46.8%. The study identified different independent predictors of mortality. Patients with cardiac arrest were approximately 12 times more likely to die as compared to who didn’t, AOR=11.9 (95% CI:6.1 to 23.2).Conclusion: The overall mortality rate in ICU was very high as compared to other studies in Ethiopia as well as globally which entails a rigorous activity from different stakeholders.
Comparison of Serum Progesterone Levels of the Day of Frozen Embryo Transfers According to Type of Endometrial Preparation: A Monocentric, Retrospective Study
Authors: Pouget Olivier , Zuna Irma , Bonneau Marine , Tailland Marie Laure , Neveu-Ripart Sylvie , Rougier-Maillard Nathalie , Poirey Sophie , Huberlant Stéphanie
Published: October 2020

Background: Live birth rate following embryo transfer is comparable between natural cycle and hormonal therapy. However, pregnancy loss rate appears elevated with hormonal therapy, possibly due to luteal insufficiency, characterised by a low level of serum progesterone in the luteal phase. The primary objective of this study, was to determine whether serum progesterone level on transfer day differed according to endometrial preparation method in patients undergoing frozen embryo transfer (FET). Secondary objectives were to compare the clinical pregnancy with foetal heartbeat rate and pregnancy loss rate according to endometrial preparation method and to compare the level of serum progesterone on the transfer day between pregnancy loss and pregnancy with foetal heartbeat.Methods: Forty-seven natural/stimulated cycles and 68 artificial cycle FET were retrospectively studied from May to December 2019 from a single French hospital. The primary endpoint was the level of serum progesterone on the day of FET. The type of infertility, aetiology, serum basal FSH, LH, oestradiol and AMH dosage, endometrial thickness, clinical pregnancy rate, pregnancy loss rate, and maternal and embryo characteristics were compared between natural/stimulated cycle (OS group) and artificial cycle (AC group). Results: Mean serum progesterone level on embryo transfer day was 25.47 ng/mL in the OS group versus 14.32 ng/mL AC group (p <0.0001). There was no significant difference in demographic and hormone characteristics (age, type of embryo, type of infertility, basal FSH, LH, oestradiol and AMH levels), endometrial thickness, number and type of embryos transferred, duration of infertility, pregnancy rate and pregnancy loss rate. Body mass index was lower in the OS group than AC group (22.9 kg/m2 vs 24.8 kg/m2, p=0.03). No difference was found in serum progesterone level between clinical pregnancy with foetal heartbeat and pregnancy loss (respectively 17.48 ng/mL vs 20.82 ng/mL, p=0.7 and 22 ongoing pregnancies and 12 pregnancy loss).Conclusions: Serum progesterone level on FET day is lower with endometrial preparation with artificial cycle than with a natural/stimulated cycle. Further research is necessary to determine if this difference has any relation with higher pregnancy loss rate with artificial cycle.
Course of Lactate, pH and Base Excess for Prediction of Mortality in Medical Intensive Care Patients - A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Schork Anja , Moll Kathrin , Haap Michael , Riessen Reimer , Wagner Robert
Published: October 2020

Background: We aimed to evaluate the value of lactate, base excess and pH for prediction of mortality in the course of the disease of medical intensive care patients. Methods: For lactate, pH and base excess, values at the admission to intensive care unit (ICU), at 24 ± 4 hours, maximum / minimum in the first 24 hours and in 24 – 48 hours after admission were collected from all patients admitted to the Medical ICU of the University Hospital Tübingen between January 2016 until December 2018 and investigated for prediction of in-hospital-mortality.Results: Mortality in the cohort of 4067 patients was 22 % and significantly correlated with all evaluated parameters. Strongest predictors of mortality determined by ROC were maximum lactate in 24 h (AUROC 0.74, cut off 2.7 mmol/L, hazard ratio of risk group with value > cut off 2.27) and minimum pH in 24 h (AUROC 0.71, cut off 7.43, hazard ratio for risk group 2.94). Kaplan Meier Curves stratified across these cut offs showed early and clear separation. Hazard ratios per standard deviation were highest for maximum lactate in 24 h (HR 1.65), minimum base excess in 24 h (HR 1.56) and minimum pH in 24 h (HR 0.75). In multiple logistic regression analysis, age, minimum pH in 24 h, pH at 24 h after admission, maximum lactate in 24 h, maximum lactate in 24 – 48 h, minimum base excess in 24 h and minimum base excess in 24 – 48 h were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusions: Lactate, pH and base excess were all suitable predictors of mortality in internal ICU patients, with maximum / minimum values in 24 and 24-48 h after admission altogether stronger predictors than values at admission. Base excess and pH were not superior to lactate for prediction of mortality.
From positive to negative: a time to event analysis in Regione Lombardia.
Authors: Castillo Gabriele Del , Castrofino Ambra , Grosso Francesca , Marano Giuseppe , Boracchi Patrizia , Castaldi Silvana , Biganzoli Elia , Cereda Danilo
Published: October 2020

Objectives. To assess the time span from positive to negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection by RT-PCR, and to evaluate the reliability of the test-based criteria as the required condition for the reintroduction of the asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive patient in the community. Methods. We used information concerning negativization and the respective times. Cumulative probabilities of negativization during the follow-up were evaluated by through Crude Cumulative Incidences (CCIs). Non-parametric estimates of CCIs and respective 95% C.I.s were obtained.Results. We report only the results for 52,186 individuals. 33486 subjects resulted negative or potentially negative with a CCI of 75.2% at 70 days from the first swab (95% CI: 74.8% to 75.7%). 11,000 subjects deceased before 14/05/2020 without diagnosis of negative status (CCI 21.9%; 95% CI: 21.5% to 22.3%) at 56 days from the first swab (maximum observed time to death).Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 positivity is a condition that frequently lasts more than 30 days. Since isolation based only on positivity status could be excessive, more solid studies are required to determine a single internationally accepted policy regarding the dismission of quarantine and isolation.
CURRENT CONCEPTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TETANUS
Authors: Tkachenko Y. , Shkatula Y. , Badion Y. , Lekishvili S. , Khizhnya Y.
Published: October 2020

The study focuses on the problem of severe tetanus cases, which continue to be reported worldwide. The population of countries with low vaccination rates, including Ukraine, is particularly at risk. Despite the increase in the level of DPT vaccination in our country among adults and children, it remains insufficient, which leads to the registration of new cases of tetanus.
The aim of the study was to analyze the main directions in the treatment of tetanus. The authors searched for information in electronic databases such as MEDLINE/Pub Med and Google Scholar for the last 20 years. The search was performed on such terms as tetanus, treatment, benzodiazepines, tetanus immunoglobulin (medical topics). The main components of modern treatment are analyzed in the paper, which include removal of the pathogen by careful surgical treatment of wounds, rational antibiotic therapy. Drugs of choice for the eradication of vegetative forms of the pathogen are benzylpenicillin and metronidazole, but can also be used antibacterial drugs of other groups (macrolides, tetracyclines, cephalosporins). Specific immunotherapy with tetanus immunoglobulin can neutralize the toxin that freely circulates in the blood. Those who do not have vaccination data are also indicated for the introduction of tetanus toxoid. Intrathecal administration of anti-tetanus immunoglobulin remains a debatable issue. In the treatment of convulsions, drugs of the benzodiazepine group are preferred. Infusions of high doses of magnesium, dexmetomedin, baclofen, propofol or their combination can also be used. In the case of severe muscular rigidity, muscle relaxants of nondepolarizing action are used. If the spasms are prolonged, botulinum toxin A may be recommended as an injection into peripheral muscles. B-blockers (esmolol), dexmetomedin, clonidine are used to overcome autonomic dysfunction of the nervous system. Supportive therapy is important. It is aimed at providing the patient with complete nutrition. Adequate ventilation with early tracheostomy helps to avoid complications of prolonged intubation.
The above methods can significantly reduce mortality from tetanus from 100% (in the absence of treatment) to 10%–20%.

Keywords: tetanus, management, benzodiazepines, magnesium sulfate, tetanus immunoglobin, tracheostomy.
Effects of International and Internal Remittances on Financial Inclusion in Ghana
Authors: Gatsi John Gartchie
Published: October 2020

This article examines the relationship between remittances and financial inclusion in Ghana. The data for the study was extracted from the results of an analytical review of the living standards survey indicators in Ghana. The methodological tools of the study are represented by a regression equation based on the use of the Force Entry Method to test the functioning of variables in the model. The study empirically confirms and theoretically proves that domestic remittances have a positive and significant impact on access to financial services, while international remittances affect the likelihood of opening a bank account, but do not have any significant impact on applying for a loan and lending to remittance households. It is substantiated that domestic and international money transfers have a significant positive impact on the opening of bank accounts, even when forging collateral. Based on the results of calculations, the paper substantiates the conclusion that remittances contribute to increasing the availability of financial services in Ghana. It was noted that domestic remittances have a greater potential to improve financial inclusion in Ghana than international remittances. The paper emphasizes that the provision of collateral is an important lever for lending to households. Remittances will have very little impact on financial inclusion when financial institutions require collateral to facilitate the application and grant. According to the results of the study, the following recommendation were provideds: development of a strategy to improve domestic remittances to increase indicators of financial inclusion and economic development; improving the conditions for remittances, especially domestic remittances, in order to ensure their flexibility and deepen financial integration; use of domestic remittances as collateral for household loans.

Keywords: collateral, financial inclusion, financial institutions, Ghana, remittances, loan application, migration.
SPEECH REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH ORAL CAVITY AND OROPHARYNGEAL CANCERS AFTER RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
Authors: Krasavina E. A. , Choynzonov E. L. , Kulbakin D. E. , Balatskaya L. N. , Zangieva K. A.
Published: October 2020

Oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers usually require extensive surgeries accompanied by damages to anatomical structures and impaired speech function. The use of reconstructive-plastic techniques to replace defects after surgical resection allows the creation of a favorable functional basis for speech restoration.

The purpose of the studywas to compare the effectiveness and terms of speech restoration in patients with oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers after surgical treatment using various reconstructive surgery techniques to restore postoperative defects.

Material and Methods. Speech rehabilitation results were analyzed in 56 patients with stage II–IV oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers. The age of the patients ranged from 26 to 70 years. The patients underwent either hemiglossectomy or glossectomy followed by reconstructive surgery. Postoperative speech rehabilitation was performed according to the technique developed in the Department of Head and Neck Tumors of the Cancer Research Institute. Speech function was assessed before starting treatment, at the beginning of treatment and after completion of speech rehabilitation.

Results. After surgery, all patients demonstrated impaired speech function, ranging from distorted pronunciation to the complete absence of verbal communication for 5 (71.4%) and 4 (80%) patients from Ib and IIb respectively. Speech rehabilitation started 16 to 32 days after surgery. Restoration of the activity and coordination of the articulatory apparatus muscles, speech exhalation and reconstructed tongue was followed by a sound pronunciation. Postoperative speech rehabilitation allowed improvement of speech function in 100 % of cases (56 patients). A complete speech restoration was achieved for 7 patients (12.5%). The majority of these patients were from the group with hemiglossectomy. In the group of patients with glossectomy, the amplitude and coordination of movements, which could be achieved by performing articulation exercises for the reconstructed tongue, depended on the size of the remaining part of their own tissues.

Conclusion. Good values of all studied parameters were observed in patients, who underwent hemiglossectomy followed by reconstruction with a free revascularized flap. No statistically significant differences between the studied parameters were found in patients, who underwent glossectomy. Speech restoration parameters were significantly better in the group of patients with hemiglossectomy and reconstruction with a free revascularized flap than in the group of patients with glossectomy).
INDIVIDUAL PROGNOSTIC ALGORITHM FOR ESTIMATING THE RISK OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER PROGRESSION AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT
Authors: Kit O. I. , Zlatnik E. Yu. , Bazaev A. L. , Demidova A. A. , Novikova I. A.
Published: October 2020

The development of laboratory criteria for predicting esophageal cancer (EC) prognosis is of great importance due to the need to achieve personalized approach to cancer treatment. Since the role of lymphocytic infiltration in EC remains controversial, our goal was to develop a prognostic algorithm for estimating the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression, considering its lymphocytic microenvironment.

Material and Methods. Tumor tissues were obtained from 40 EC patients during surgery; the tissues were homogenized, and lymphocyte subsets (Т-В-NK, T-reg) were determined by flow cytometry. A prognostic algorithm for calculating the risk of EC progression within 3 years was developed using discriminant analysis with the calculation of the three F functions: F0 , F6–12, F12–24, corresponding to the absence of the risk of EC progression during 3 years (F0 ); a high risk of EC progression during 6–12 months (F6–12); a high risk of EC progression during 12–24 months (F12–24) after surgery.

Results. Only two factors showed the highest discriminant power, allowing us to consider the differences as statistically significant – CD3+CD4+ and T-reg cells in tumors. When dividing EC patients into groups based on the prediction of time to disease progression, coefficients were calculated and mathematical functions were determined for three discriminant functions (F0 , F6–12, F12–24) organized into a model. The F coefficient calculated for each patient allowed us to predict the risk of EC progression 6–12 and 12–24 months after surgery or the absence of disease progression within 3 years after surgery.

Conclusions. The development of EC progression after surgery is apparently influenced by the lymphocytic microenvironment, predominantly by CD3+CD4+ and T-regs; their determination and inclusion in the prognostic algorithm can be important for personalized approach to the treatment of EC patients.
CHRONIC NEUROGENIC PAIN PROMOTES DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH OF M1 SARCOMA CHANGING LOCAL LEVELS OF GROWTH FACTORS
Authors: Frantsiyants E. M. , Bandovkina V. A. , Kaplieva I. V. , Trepitaki L. K. , Cheryarina N. D. , Neskubina I. V.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The influence of chronic neurogenic pain on local levels of growth factors in the lung and the risk of lung cancer development has been little studied.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the levels of VEGF, TGF-β, IGF-I, IGF-II, FGF-21 and receptors of VEGFR2, TGF-βR2 in the lungs of white outbred rats with chronic neurogenic pain after intravenous injection of M1 sarcoma.

Material and Methods. A total of 28 white outbred male rats weighing 200–250 g were divided into 4 groups: 1 – sham-operated animals (control group) (n=7); 2 – animals with chronic neurogenic pain (n=7); 3 – sham-operated animals with intravenous injection of M1 sarcoma (n=7); 4 – rats with intravenous injection of M1 sarcoma in presence of chronic neurogenic pain (n=7). Animals were decapitated, the lungs were harvested on ice; 10 % cytosolic fractions were prepared in 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.4 containing 0.1 % Tween-20 and 1 % BSA. Levels of VEGFR2, TGF-β and receptors of TGF-βR2, IGF-I, IGF-II (CUSABIO BIOTECH Co., Ltd., China) and FGF21 (BioVender, Czech Republic) were determined by ELISA. The data were statistically processed using Statistica 10.0 software.

Results. Multifocal tumors of sarcoma in the lungs were determined only in the group of rats with chronic neurogenic pain after intravenous transplantation of M1 sarcoma. In the lungs of sham-operated animals, tumor foci were not detected after M1 sarcoma transplantation. Lung tissues with M1 growth and presence of chronic neurogenic pain demonstrated decreased VEGF-А levels with increased concentrations of TGFβ, IGF-I, IGF-II and FGF-21. Chronic neurogenic pain directly or indirectly influenced levels of some growth factors in the lung, and altered cell homeostasis making possible transplantation of M1 sarcoma into the lung.
Misceláneas sobre el derecho y los abogados
Authors: Lazo Arrasco Jorge
Published: October 2020

No tiene
Universidad y sociedad
Authors: Ramírez Chávarry Willy
Published: October 2020

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El derecho de autor en la comunicación social
Authors: Mejía Alarcón Roberto
Published: October 2020

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La Corte Penal Internacional
Authors: Santiago Jiménez Ana María
Published: October 2020

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La responsabilidad extracontractual en el Derecho Romano
Authors: Cieza Montenegro Norvill
Published: October 2020

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Las Formas de Gobierno: Declive del Presidencialismo Latinoamericano
Authors: Velezmoro Pinto Julio
Published: October 2020

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El significado de democracia en la constitución
Authors: Valdivia Cano Ramiro
Published: October 2020

NO TIENE
La Penalidad Convencional
Authors: Romero Zavala Luis
Published: October 2020

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EL NIÑO EN PRISIÓN: UNA MIRADA MULTIDISCIPLINARIA
Authors: Pita Chávez Julia Mercedes
Published: October 2020

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PERCEPCIÓN DEL SISTEMA PENINTENCIARIO A NIVEL LATINOAMERICA
Authors: Pebe Pebe Grimaldo Tomás
Published: October 2020

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LA LIBERTAD DE TRABAJO Y EL DERECHO PENAL LABORAL
Authors: Vásquez Arana César
Published: October 2020

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TRASCENDENCIA DE LA BIOÉTICA EN EL DERECHO
Authors: Escobar de Soldi Luisa
Published: October 2020

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EL PASADO Y LA GESTIÓN DE PATRIMONIO
Authors: Amat Olazábal Hernan
Published: October 2020

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PRESENTACIÓN
Authors: Díaz Bazán Ricardo A.
Published: October 2020

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Los PRINCIPIOS DE PROPORCIONALIDAD Y RAZONABILIDAD EN LA DOCTRINA Y JURISPRUDENCIA DEL TRIBUNAL CONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Santiago Jiménez Ana María
Published: October 2020

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¿Es RESPONSABLE EL ESTADO POR LOS DAÑOS Y PERJUICIOS GENERADOS POR LA ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA?
Authors: Monzón Valencia de Echevarría Lissett Loretta
Published: October 2020

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DON QUIJOTE DE LA MANCHA Y LA MANIPULACIÓN CULTURAL DE LA JUSTICIA COMO ILUSIÓN
Authors: MacLean Ugarteche Roberto G.
Published: October 2020

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LIBERTAD DE EXPRESIÓN, UN DERECHO QUE LE DA CONTENIDO A LA DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Láinez Otero Zuliana
Published: October 2020

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La Teoría del Proceso a la Luz lánguida del Tribunal Constitucional Peruano sobre la presunta “Autonomía Procesal Constitucional”
Authors: Monroy Gálvez Juan F.
Published: October 2020

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Los Derechos Humanos de la mujer peruana en el marco de la protección del Derecho Internacional
Authors: Ugarte Boluarte Krúpskaya
Published: October 2020

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Fiscales y víctimas frente a un nuevo enfoque del Conflicto Penal
Authors: Mendaña Ricardo Jorge
Published: October 2020

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Contribución al debate entre Actos y Negocios Jurídicos
Authors: Romero Zavala Luis
Published: October 2020

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Los regimenes aduaneros en la Nueva Ley General de Aduanas
Authors: Huamán Sialer Marco Antonio
Published: October 2020

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Mypes unidas para salir del desempleo: una mirada al Decreto Legislativo 1086 y al Decreto de Urgencia 049-2010
Authors: Tello Cabello Sara Ynés
Published: October 2020

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Los títulos universitarios expedidos por las universidades particulares o privadas ¿documento público o privado?
Authors: Ascencios Agama Alicia Angélica
Published: October 2020

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Ensayo: Los estímulos sensoriales que invitan a vivir la realidad, con sus sueños y problemas, para buscar, hasta encontrar y trabajar en su solución (especialmente en la justicia y leyes del Perú que “amarrando el macho” con 17 ó 18% de aprobación cuidadana, incitan a que cada día más cuidadanos opten por la informalidad y queden fuera de la justicia: de solo 48% en 1986 a 70% en 2010)
Authors: MacLean U Roberto G.
Published: October 2020

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Análisis y crítica del “realismo mínimo” de Maurizio Ferraris
Authors: Ortiz Santana Fernando E.
Published: October 2020

Este artículo analiza el realismo mínimo de Maurizio Ferraris con el objetivo de mostrar que sus críticas al correlacionismo y al constructivismo no son convincentes. Ferraris conserva tanto una visión sustantivista de los objetos de conocimiento como una diferencia substancial entre cosas sensibles y conceptos. Estas dos cuestiones impiden que su Manifiesto del nuevo realismo pueda ser considerado como el momento fundacional del “nuevo realismo”. El artículo concluye con una reflexión sobre aquellos aspectos que deberían considerarse y evitarse al momento de proponer un realismo filosófico.
Una defensa genealógica del no purismo en la justificación epistémica
Authors: Rimoldi Florencia
Published: October 2020

En este trabajo defiendo una concepción no purista de la justificación epistémica, según la cual ésta depende en parte de factores “no conducentes a la verdad”, como el contexto pragmático de las personas. Para ello pongo en relación tres perspectivas distintas sobre la noción de creencia justificada. En la primera sección analizo los aspectos prominentes de la noción pre-teórica. En la segunda sección defiendo una posición no purista permisiva que recoge teóricamente los elementos de la noción pre-teórica y los amplía hacia el no purismo. En la tercera sección defiendo esta posición mediante una explicación genealógica del origen del concepto.
El contenido no conceptual y la necesidad del esquematismo
Authors: Peláez Cedrés Álvaro Julio
Published: October 2020

El debate contemporáneo sobre si el contenido de la experienciaperceptual es o no conceptual reclama a I. Kant como su precursor. Sorprendentemente, lo hacen ambos bandos en dicho debate. Los kantianos no conceptualistas, R. Hanna y L. Allais, entre otros, han basado sus argumentos en la insistencia de Kant de dividir claramente entre intuiciones y conceptos y las facultades de las cuales dependen, sensibilidad y entendimiento, para enfatizar que, una vez separadas en sus funciones, tiene sentido pensar que de su colaboración surge la experiencia. En este trabajo deseo esgrimir un argumento más a favor de la lectura no conceptualista de Kant. Puesto sucintamente, el corazón de mi argumento va como sigue: si como los conceptualistas kantianos sostienen, en la sensibilidad ya operan conceptos, ¿cuál es la necesidad de postular un mecanismo independiente y que sirva de puente entre sensibilidad y entendimiento? ¿Cuál es la necesidad del esquematismo? Defenderé la legitimidad de este tertium como elemento mediador que resuelve el problema de la subsunción de particulares bajo conceptos, y con ello daré un argumento a favor de la tesis de la separabilidad entre intuiciones y conceptos.
ORBITALS IN GENERAL CHEMISTRY, PART III: CONSEQUENCES FOR TEACHING
Authors: Lamoureux Guy , Ogilvie John
Published: October 2020

In Part III of this series, we undertake a critique of the nature of application of orbitals to describe or to explain the structure and the binding within molecules and materials. Teaching orbitals in introductory chemistry presents five dilemmas that cannot be easily resolved. We thus conclude, based on mathematical realties, that orbitals are not essential until advanced courses. Even in advanced courses, we question the traditional choice of presenting an inadequate set of orbitals. When one recognizes, in a context of general chemistry, the irrelevance of orbitals as algebraic formulae to the observable properties and reactions of chemical substances, one can readily proceed to teach appropriate content effectively without invoking orbitals or analogous entities, based on our actual experience in teaching general chemistry over the years.
The Development of Private Trade in 1924–1926 in the Irkutsk Province: Trends and Problems
Authors: Bryanskaya N. L. , Gonina N. V.
Published: October 2020

The present research featured the trends of private trade in the Irkutsk province. The study was based on historical documents from the State Archives of the Irkutsk Region. The paper focuses on 1924–1926 as the period of active trade development. The authors analyzed the problems of private trade functioning and their impact on the socio-economic situation in the region. The article describes the market activity and product range, the role and importance of entrepreneurship in commodity deficit relief and re-establishing of market relations. The research revealed a rapid development of private trade at the initial stage and a further reduction of this segment of economy as a result of the policy aimed at expanding the public sector. Subsequently, small private business moved into rural areas, and the retail network reduced. The authors believe that the development of private trade in this period was contradictory and unstable. In the Irkutsk province, there was a significant gap between prices and incomes, as well as between the cost of industrial and agricultural goods. As a result, the state trade activities were inefficient, and the private entrepreneurship needed support. However, the centralization of economic policy and the rigidity of management positions did not allow these trends to develop, which negatively affected the economy of the region as a whole.
The Ob River Pine Forest in Novosibirsk: Past, Present, and Problems
Authors: Emelyanova E. K. , Goroshko N. V.
Published: October 2020

From the very beginning of Novosibirsk (pre-revolutionary Novonikolaevsk), the ribbon of the Ob River pine forest began to dwindle as a result of man-induced activity, e.g. logging, wood clearing, construction of dugouts and houses, etc. The small rivers that flew through the forest were used for quarries and water mills. As a result, the intensive industrial development disturbed the terrain and provoked revinement. Subsequently, the abandoned intracity park zones of the relict forest were transformed into residential, business, and industrial areas, such as Alhambra, Mikhailovsky Grove, etc. The quality of the forest stand during the period of industrialization was affected by the technogenic load from industrial enterprises that had no sewage treatment plants. An ill-conceived green policy led to the loss of the environment-forming function of the Novosibirsk pine forest, because only small areas of it remained within the city boundaries. The once green banks of small rivers that flew into the Ob preserved the last remains of the pine forest. However, they were destroyed, as the rivers were placed in underground pipelines, the ravines were washed away, and infill construction flourished. At the moment, the remaining green areas fail to perform the main function of urban forests: they neither reduce the negative environmental load, nor reproduce themselves. In addition, they make poor recreational areas. The remaining relic pine forest and other green areas continue to experience both direct and indirect negative impact, e.g. deforestation, air and water pollution, etc. The largest preserved site of the Ob River pine forest is the Zaeltsovsky public park. Located to the north of the Yeltsovka-2 (Bolshoi) River, it has been used for summer cottages, recreation, and foraging mushrooms and berries since the XIX century. The article gives a historical retrospective of the reduction in the area of the Ob River pine forest and its causes. It also describes the Comfortable Urban Environment project aimed at preserving green areas and pine forests.
Fishing in the Kama River Area in the Sources of 1720–1780
Authors: Kosmovskaya А. А.
Published: October 2020

The research was based on previously unpublished financial documents of the Solikamsk and Kungursk provincial archives. The research featured income from fishing lease in the Kama River Area in 1720-1780. The geographic features of the region determined the distribution of fishing areas. The role of provincial offices (voivodships) in collecting fishing leases in this territory is new to historiography, as well as the issue of the fishing quota and the lease volume. The author made an attempt to estimate the size of revenues from the fishing industry for the population of the Kama region in the XVIII century. The low fees revealed that the fish lease played a minor role in the general structure of tax revenues. The study of various financial documents made it possible to describe the local fishing industry, the amount of fishing fees, and the social structure of leasers, who were free peasants and factory workers. As a rule, the rent hardly changed during the period and rarely exceeded 1 ruble for a fishing area per year.
Institute of Private Land in Cross-Border Zones of Southern Russia: Ethnic Aspect
Authors: Sadovoy A. N.
Published: October 2020

The paper presents intermediate results of a comparative analysis of land reforms conducted on the cusps of XIX– XX and XX–XXI centuries. It focuses on their medium- and long-term impact on the native territories of Russia’s southern frontier. The article describes the correlation of state and ethnic interests in land management and formation of the private land institute. The research owes its relevance to the problems of the system of regional ethnological monitoring, as well as that of the effect of the national and agricultural state policy on the scientific forecasting of the changes in the ethno-social situation. The corruption-based principle of social stratification was initially incorporated in the mechanism of land market formation proposed by the state. In ethnic regions, the reorganization of land ownership triggered a secondary process of ethnic stratification. As a result, allocated shares concentrated in the hands of ethnic nobility families, thus shaping a social stratum during the Soviet period. The research was a pilot study of the natural resource management systems used by ethnic and migrant communities in the southern frontier and social policy of the late XIX – early XXI centuries. The author concludes that the Russian government retained levers of direct influence on the processes of: a) administrative and territorial structure; b) settlement system and population structure, including ethnic; c) social strata of land owners; d) traditional land use systems and subsistence of rural enclave transformation. This trend made it possible to consider the history of Russian state land policy in the context of the general course of national policy, which is part of interdisciplinary research that unites history, ethnology, politics, sociology, and economics.
Transformation of Space-Temporal and Value-Semantic Components of the Image of the World during the University Studies
Authors: Balabashchuk R. O. , Yanitskiy M. S. , Seryy A. V. , Braun O. A. , Maslova O. V. , Miklyaeva A. V. , Tereshchenko V. V. , Filenko I. A. , Sanzhayeva R. D. , Dagbaeva S. B. , Neyaskina Yu. Yu. , Kadyrov R. V.
Published: October 2020

The study features the image of the world of the university students and verifies its structural and content model of chronotopic characteristics. It includes subjective space-temporal and value-semantic components. An empirical study resulted in a phenomenological description of the image of the world that students develop at university. The paper focuses on the transformation of these spatial-temporal and value-semantic components in the learning process. The study involved 450 students from 10 cities of the Russian Federation. They showed a low level of development and insufficient dynamics of subjective chronotopic characteristics of the world image. This result was especially prominent in students working for their Master's degree. Neither did they reveal any progress in professional, civil, and ideological identity, nor any semantic connection between the past, present, and future. The participants demonstrated a low level of meaningfulness of life and individual time locus. The value disorientation manifestations were high, while the significance of the bottom materialistic values was low. The authors believe that students need a better system of psychological and pedagogical support to develop an integral chronotopic system of the image of the world. The article introduces some priority directions of psychological and pedagogical support that could help students to develop identity, time perspective, and the system of value and semantic orientations.
Value Components of Life Strategies in Graduates of Vocational Postsecondary Institutions
Authors: Bilan M. A. , Ermolaeva E. N.
Published: October 2020

The research featured value components of life strategies exhibited by graduates of secondary vocational education institutions. The research methods involved M. O. Mdivani and P. B. Kodess’s method of life strategies, M. Rokeach’s method of value orientations, R. Inglehart’s method modified by M. S. Yanitskiy, C. Rogers and R. Dymond’s method of social and psychological adaptation diagnostics, etc. The authors analyzed the hierarchy of values in graduates with different levels of social and psychological adaptation. The graduates were divided into groups on the basis of C. Rogers and R. Dymond’s methodology adapted by A. K. Osnitsky. The test revealed common and variable values in the structure of the graduates’ life strategies. Respondents with a high level of adaptation were purposeful and ready to take responsibility for important decisions; their scenario of the future was optimistic; socializing value type predominated; the value component included specific life values and values of professional self-actualization. Graduates with a medium level of socio-psychological adaptation adhered to conformist values; their dominant value types were socializing and adapting; they had a high level of anxiety and uncertainty about the future while showing no willingness to overcome difficulties and achieve their life goals. The values of professional self-actualization had an advantage in the long-term perspective. The authors included that graduates with low and medium adaptation levels need psychological and pedagogical support when they enter independent life.
Functional Features of the Brain Blocks and Prevailing Strategies of Information Processing in Adults
Authors: Kicheeva A. O. , Grebeshkova O. Yu.
Published: October 2020

The statutory meanings of higher mental functions in adults remained understudied for a long time. The present research was based on a neuropsychological analysis of the functional capacities of three brain blocks and favored strategies of information processing in adults. The analysis made it possible to distinguish five main types: 1 – with relatively weak functions of the dynamic praxis; 2 – with a moderate deficit of the left hemisphere functions; 3 – with relatively weak visualspatial functions; 4 – with a moderate deficit of brain block I resulting in the general deterioration of higher mental functions; 5 – with no functional deficit. The neuropsychological indexes showed that subgroup 1 had the lowest values of the functions of brain block III and a high level of processing of visual, auditory, and visual-spatial information. In subgroup 2, the index of the state of left hemisphere functions was law, which resulted in weak analytical strategy for processing auditory information, verbal-perceptual problems, and a slight decrease in brain block I. This meant a decrease in the voluntary regulation of activity. Subgroup 3 had the lowest index of right hemisphere functions and a deficiency of right hemispheric holistic information processing strategies. Subgroup 4 had low functional capacities of brain block I and other indicators, especially those associated with the processing of auditory, visual-spatial information, planning, and control. The adults in subgroup 5 showed good for all the indicators.