bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ambiência da Biblioteca Universitária e a Concepção de um Sistema Integrado na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo | University Library Ambience And The Design Of A System Integrated In The Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo
Authors: Carvalho Sandra Maria Souza de , Costa Rosa da Penha Ferreira da , Nascimento Lucileide Andrade de Lima do , Miguel Marcelo calderari
Published: January 2020

Analisa a ambiência da Biblioteca Universitária e as percepções em torno de sua concepção no Sistema Integrado de Bibliotecas da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES. Para tal, o estudo busca para estudo de caso o sistema de bibliotecas do multicampi da UFES no Estado do Espírito Santo. Utiliza pesquisa do tipo exploratório-descritiva com abordagem de natureza descritiva. Os resultados indicam que a política de indexação é fundamental para a rentabilização do fluxo de informação, por meio da organização e da representação da informação. Conclui que a biblioteca poderá e deverá estabelecer a sua política de indexação com base na necessidade do seu usuário a fim de permitir uma recuperação em menor tempo e com nível de precisão adequado ao usuário.Palavras-Chave: Biblioteca universitária. Representação da informação. Sistema de informação. Recuperação da informação. ABSTRACT: It analyzes the ambience of the University Library and the perceptions around its conception in the Integrated Library System of the Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES. To this end, the study seeks for a case study of the UFES multicampi library system in the State of Espírito Santo. It uses exploratory-descriptive research with a descriptive approach. The results indicate that the indexing policy is fundamental for the profitability of the information flow, through the organization and representation of the information. It concludes that the library can and should set its indexing policy based on the needs of its user in order to allow faster retrieval and user-specific accuracy.Keywords: University library. Information representation. Information system. Information retrieval.
Адвокатура – служіння громадське
Authors: ЗЕЙКАН ЯРОСЛАВ
Published: January 2020

Стаття стосується етичних норм, на яких базується робота адвокатів, вимог до публічної поведінки адвоката в умовах молодої української держави. Мета статті – окреслити громадське призначення професії адвоката в умовах реформування правосуддя.
У статті зазначається, що адвокатура, поряд із прокуратурою, є невід’ємною частиною системи правосуддя. Для успішної роботи адвоката та надання громадянам кваліфікованої юридичної допомоги адвокат повинен володіти прийомами адвокатської техніки, тобто сукупності методів, технічних прийомів, навичок, які він використовує у процесі своєї діяльності як захисник, для того, щоб надавати своїм клієнтам кваліфіковану правничу допомогу. Судова реформа, яка здійснюється в Україні, запозичення у кримінальний процес елементів англо-американської системи права, розширення можливостей адвокатів шляхом впровадження принципу “отруєного дерева, яке дає отруєні плоди”, змагальності, права захисника на вступну промову поставило перед адвокатурою вимоги щодо переосмислення своєї ролі у судовому процесі. Істотні зміни, внесені у Кримінальний процесуальний кодекс України 2012 р. (КПК України 2012 р.), поставили на порядок денний нові, додаткові теоре тичні та практичні завдання і перед підготовкою студентів вищих юридичних закладів. Це означає, що юридична освіта повинна органічно поєднувати доктринальні знання і практичний досвід. Зазначається, що нині відбувається конвергенція (зближення) континентальної системи права з англо-американською. Наголошено, що у КПК України 2012 р. зі змінами це зближення реалізовано. Відзначено існування феномену очевидного перебільшення місця і ролі досудового слідства в Україні як у доктрині, так і на практиці. Звертається увага на те, що адвокати повинні враховувати ідеологію американської доктрини, в якій ідеться, що судовий процес – це спектакль, поставлений двома режисерами: прокурором й адвокатом. Підтримано позицію представниці Харківської школи права А. Панової про доцільність використання замість поняття “докази” словосполуки “фактичні дані” на етапі досудового слідства. Наведено приклад незаконних методів слідства, які ще трапляються у практиці правоохоронних органів. Критично оцінюється позиція поданого до Верховної Ради України законопроєкту про можливість звільнення судді за скасоване рішення.
Legal Ethics in the American Practice of Law
Authors: BUTLER WILLIAM ELLIOTT
Published: January 2020

The author examines in this article the professional legal ethics in the United States, more commonly known as “professional responsibility”, as a subject to an unusual pattern of “codification”.
Detailed rules historically originated with the legal profession itself, initially in legal doctrine and then a Code of Ethics published in 1887 by the Alabama State Bar Association. Whatever borrowing occurred among states when introducing their own “codes of ethics”, the Alabama model was drawn upon when, in 1908, the American Bar Association approved “32 Canons of Professional Ethics”. The sources of law regulating the professional conduct of lawyers in the United States are several. The legal ethics within state courts is regulated by the courts, the legislative (or parliamentary) organ, and the Bar of each state.
Professional responsibility, in the spirit of David Hoffman, has become an integral part of legal education and licensing. Law students take a compulsory course in professional responsibility and are required to pass the Multistate Professional Responsibility Examination administered nationally in the United States by the National Conference of Bar Examiners.
The author concludes, that legal ethics has been an integral part of American legal education since the early nineteenth century. In the twentieth century the legal profession itself introduced “private” canons of ethics which were then accepted by the highest courts in virtually all states as rules of professional conduct binding upon all members of the Bar. It remains a distinctive element of the American legal system that binding rules of professional conduct are formed mostly by the courts, and not by the legislature. These rules are initially “codified” by a voluntary non-State organization, adopted by the courts, and then applied by the courts in cases which ultimately become components of the law of precedent; that is, a separate and distinct source of law.
Pengaruh Rasio Berat Asidfikasi Dan Persen Berat Adsorben Terhadap Kemurnian Gliserol Dengan Metode Asidikasi Dan Adsorpsi
Authors: Nadeak Sandro , Sinaga Mersi Suriani
Published: January 2020

Meningkatnya produksi biodisel sebagai bahan bakar mengakibatkan meningkatnya jumlah crude gliserol sebagai hasil samping. Untuk itu diperlukan beberapa perlakuan untuk memanfatkan gliserol tersebut dengan cara memurnikannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rasio berat asam fosfat yang terbaik pada proses asidifikasi dan persen berat adsorben limbah cangkang telur ayam pada proses adsorpsi untuk menghasilkan kemurnian gliserol dengan kadar yang tertinggi. Percobaan diawali dengan pretreatment gliserol dengan asam fosfat dengan variabel uji rasio b e r a t (b/b) asam yang ditambahkan (1:0,2; 1:0,4; 1:0,6; 1:0,8 dan 1:1), dilanjutkan dengan adsorpsi menggunakan limbah cangkang telur ayam yang sudah diaktivasi secara termal dengan variabel uji persen berat adsorben (%b/b) 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% dan 15% dengan kondisi reaksi kecepatan pengadukan 250 rpm dan waktu adsorpsi 120 menit. Hasil kemurnian terbaik didapatkan pada rasio berat (b/b) asidifikasi 1:0,6, persen berat adsorben (%b/b) 15% dengan kadar gliserol sebesar 67,22%, densitas 1,171 g/cm3, kadar air 2,796%, kadar abu13,852% dan kadar MONG 16,130%. Hasil analisa gliserol yang sudah dimurnikan belum memenuhi standard gliserol komersial berdasarkan British Standard 2621:1979 dimana kadar gliserol harus 80%, densitas 1,2671 g/cm3, kadar air 10%, kadar abu 10% dan kadar MONG 2,5%.
Kesetimbangan Cair-Cair Sistem Polipropilena dan Maleated Natural Rubber
Authors: Martani Russita , Bahruddin Bahruddin , Amri Amun
Published: January 2020

Pada campuran polipropilena (PP)-maleated natural rubber (MNR), MNR berfungsi sebagai compatibilizer yang melakukan modifikasi terhadap permukaan matrik PP untuk memudahkan masuknya filler sehingga dihasilkan campuran yang lebih kompatibel. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kemampuan campur maleated natural rubber (MNR) dalam polipropilena (PP) pada berbagai variasi suhu. Penelitian diawali dengan prediksi kesetimbangan cair-cair sistem PP-MNR dengan menggunakan metode UNIFAC dilanjutkan dengan validasi model kesetimbangan. Validasi model kesetimbangan cair-cair sistem PP-MNR diawali dengan mencampurkan karet alam dan maleic anhydride (MAH) dalam internal mixer untuk penyiapan MNR. MNR yang telah disiapkan lalu dicampurkan dengan PP dalam internal mixer dengan kadar MNR dan temperatur proses divariasi berdasarkan prediksi kesetimbangan cair-cair UNIFAC. Kemudian campuran PP-MNR dianalisa dengan uji difference scanning calorimetry (DSC). Hasil uji DSC digunakan untuk melakukan validasi hasil perhitungan kesetimbangan cair-cair UNIFAC. Hasil perhitungan UNIFAC merupakan kesetimbangan cair-cair sistem PP-MNR berupa kadar MNR dan temperatur proses pencampuran. Pada campuran ini MNR berfungsi sebagai compatibilizer. Kadar MNR pada campuran adalah 4,4%–11,16% dan temperatur proses adalah 170 o C–210 o C. Semakin besar kadar MNR dalam campuran, semakin rendah suhu proses pencampuran. Hasil validasi uji DSC sesuai dengan prediksi kesetimbangan cair-cair sistem PP-MNR menggunakan metode UNIFAC.
Oyster aquaculture does not impede spawning beach access for Atlantic horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus
Authors: Munroe DM , Grothues TM , Cleary NE , Daw J , Estrada S
Published: January 2020

Farms for eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica, which are commonly located along shallow estuarine shores of the eastern USA, use a range of farm equipment and require regular access to care for and harvest oyster livestock. In some cases, these farms are located in areas used by Atlantic horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus as they come ashore during spring to spawn. The sandy shores of the Delaware Bay host the largest spawning aggregations of this species in the world. Limited studies have examined interactions between horseshoe crabs and intertidal oyster farms, and concern has been raised about the horseshoe crab’s ability to traverse oyster farms to reach spawning habitat. This study examines potential farm interactions with horseshoe crabs in Delaware Bay during the 2018 and 2019 crab spawning season. Our studies included a range of experiments and surveys during high and low tide to observe crab abundance and behavior at rack-and-bag oyster farm and non-farm sites. In all cases, results indicated that crabs can successfully traverse rack-and-bag farms and reach spawning beaches. Crabs do not differentially use farm versus non-farm areas, and crab behavior is relatively unaltered by farm gear. These results provide important context for developing frameworks for managing ecological interactions among farms and wildlife species of concern.
Sex-Related Differences in Locomotion and Climbing of C57Bl/6NTac Mice in a Novel Environment
Authors: BORBÉLYOVÁ V. , JANIŠOVÁ K. , MYSLIVEČEK J. , RILJAK V.
Published: January 2020

Laboratory mice in standard laboratory cages, besides horizontal and vertical locomotor activity, spontaneously display cage-bar related activities such as cage-grid climbing. Although, grid-climbing activity is one of the major components of spontaneous home-cage behavior of mice, its exact role is not fully understood. This study aimed to describe the sex-differences in coping with novelty and in spontaneous behavior of laboratory mice concerning the cage-climbing activity in an observer-independent open field test. Adult mice of both sexes (C57Bl/6NTac) underwent behavioral testing in LABORAS system. Female mice travelled significantly longer distance (by 30 %, p<0.05) and showed higher grid-climbing activity (by 50 %, p<0.05) than males. Based on our results, the grid-climbing is a sex-dependent activity of mice, however, its exact role remains to be elucidated.
Norepinephrine Turnover in the Left Ventricle of Subtotally Nephrectomized Rats
Authors: NALOS L. , ŠVÍGLEROVÁ J. , RAJDL D. , JEDLIČKA J. , DEJMEK J. , ŠTENGL M. , KUNCOVÁ J.
Published: January 2020

Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) has been proposed as a risk factor for increased cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Information on the activity of cardiac sympathetic innervation is non-homogeneous and incomplete. The aim of our study was to evaluate the tonic effect of SNS on heart rate, norepinephrine turnover and direct and indirect effects of norepinephrine in left ventricles of subtotally nephrectomized rats (SNX) in comparison with sham-operated animals (SHAM). Renal failure was verified by measuring serum creatinine and urea levels. SNX rats developed increased heart rates and blood pressure (BP). The increase in heart rate was not caused by sympathetic overactivity as the negative chronotropic effect of metipranolol did not differ between the SNX and SHAM animals. The positive inotropic effects of norepinephrine and tyramine on papillary muscle were not significantly different. Norepinephrine turnover was measured after the administration of tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, pargyline, tyramine, desipramine, and KCl induced depolarization. The absolute amount of released norepinephrine was comparable in both groups despite a significantly decreased norepinephrine concentration in the cardiac tissue of the SNX rats. We conclude that CKD associated with renal denervation in rats led to adaptive changes characterized by an increased reuptake and intracellular norepinephrine turnover which maintained normal reactivity of the heart to sympathetic stimulation.
Prototipe Kunci Lemari Penyimpanan Identifikasi Ketukan Menggunakan Mikrokontroler Di PT Buana Sejahtera Multidana
Authors: Ridwan Mohammad , Djamaludin Djamaludin , Ambarwati Nafa
Published: January 2020

PT Buana Sejahtera Multidana adalah perusahaan pembiayaan dengan anggunan BPKB mobil yang memiliki lemari penyimpanan untuk menyimpan BPKB. Namun pada perusahaan tersebut terdapat kekurangan dalam menggunakan kunci pada lemari penyimpanannya, karena pada perusahaan tersebut masih menggunakan kunci fisik yang terdapat kekurangannya, seperti bisa saja lupa keberadaan ketika menyimpannya, kunci yang rusak, maupun terjadinya kehilangannya kunci tersebut. Dalam hal ini penulis tertarik untuk membuat kunci dalam bentuk teknologi yaitu kunci lemari penyimpanan menggunakan mikrokontroler dan ketukan sebagai media untuk membuka dan mengunci lemari penyimpanan BPKB tersebut.
Sistem Pakar Deteksi Penyakit Hipertensi Dan Upaya Pencegahannya Menggunakan Metode Naive Bayes Pada RSUD Pandeglang Banten
Authors: Rizky Robby , Susilawati Susilawati , Hakim Zaenal , Sujai Lili
Published: January 2020

RSUD pandeglang merupakan unit pelaksana teknis dinas kesehatan kabupaten/kota yang bertangguang jawab menyelenggarakan pembangunan kesehatan di wilayah kerja.Diagnosis penyakit hipertensi dibuat untuk membantu dan mempermudah para petugas dalam mendiagnosis penyakit hipertensi. Aplikasi sistem pakar ini dirancang menggunakan .Flow Of System (FOS), Contex Diagram, Data Flow Diagram (DFD). Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) dan menggunkan tool Sublime Text ( HTML, CSS PHP dan Javascrip) dan untuk databse menggunakan MySQL, hasilnya berupa Menu Home Gejala Diagnosis dan Solusi . Penerapan aplikasi ini dilakukan dengan menginputkan data pasien dan gejala untuk mendapatkan solusi yang mereka inginkan.
NOSE RECONSTRUCTION AFTER TRAUMATIC AMPUTATION
Authors: Andrei Mihaela Cristina , Al-Falah Khalid , Teodoreanu Razvan Nicolae , Ferariu Nicoleta
Published: January 2020

Nasal amputation is a disabling aesthetical and functional deformity, which raised the need for nasal reconstruction. It is very important to use a well-established plastic reconstruction technique because of its importance in the aesthetic of the face. Every structure is important and all the missing layers of the nose must be reconstructed. In our case a three-stage procedure was done. First stage: Reconstruction of the cover using a paramedian forehead flap, harvesting a strut graft to recreate a columella to support the height of the nasal tip. Second stage: Re-elevation of the flap, thinning of the layers, and reconstruction of the framework. Third stage: Division of the pedicle. This type of nasal reconstruction had both good and stable results aesthetically and functionally.
LINEAR IG A BULLOUS DERMATOSIS – CASE REPORT
Authors: Sandru Florica , Dumitrascu Mihai , Balaban Daniel-Vasile , Petca Razvan-Cosmin , Popa Adelina , Curtmola Elis , Miulescu Raluca Gabriela
Published: January 2020

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LABD) is a rare, immune-mediated cutaneous pathology, characterized by IgA deposits along the basal membrane. Clinically, it manifests as an eruption, consisting of vesicles and bullae, with herpetiform distribution, on erythematous and/or normal skin. The lesions are located symmetrically, at the level of the trunk and extremities. Clinically, diagnosis can be difficult because it can be easily mistaken with dermatitis herpetiformis or bullous pemphigoid.     We present the case of a 79-years-old woman, without significant comorbidities, who developed a vasculo-bullous eruption, intensely itchy, located symmetrically on trunk and extremities, evolving for 4 years. We performed a skin biopsy, with histopathological examination and direct immunofluorescence, which revealed: sub epidermal vesicular-bullous lesion and dermal infiltrate with numerous neutrophils and eosinophils; IgA - continuous linear positivity at the dermal-epidermal junction. Thus, the diagnosis of LABD was established. The treatment consisted of systemic corticosteroids, colchicine, and antihistamines, with favorable evolution.    The management of these patients can be challenging, as LABD can be induced by certain drugs, and may also be associated with lymphoid malignancies.
THYROID ULTRASOUND PERFORMED FIRST HAND BY THE ENT SURGEON
Authors: Vrînceanu Daniela , Dumitru M. , Costache A. , Cergan R.
Published: January 2020

The next level in thyroid disease management is the use of first hand surgeon performed sonography. Given the fact that many of the cases with thyroid carcinoma are referred to Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) departments, this diagnostic imaging modality should be available on site. We present a case series with thyroid pathology that benefited from sonography performed first hand by the ENT surgeon in a tertiary teaching hospital. Thyroid pathology is varied from benign cysts to papillary and medullar carcinomas. Further data are necessary for establishing the learning curve for this exam used by ENT surgeons. The foreseeable advantages are faster protocol in oncology cases, cost efficiency and wide scale availability of thyroid ultrasonography.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS
Authors: Șandru Florica , Popa Adelina , Nenciu Adina , Nenciu C. G. , Petca R. , Dumitrașcu M. C.
Published: January 2020

Psoriasis is an inflammatory chronic, common skin disease that represents a great burden affecting people of all ages. It has no clear cause and although there are treatments none of them can guaranty remission. This pathology has a significant negative impact on people in all countries, affecting between 0.09% and 11.43%, which means at least 100 million people worldwide. A particular category is represented by pregnant women. Although it is reported that 55% of the patients have improved symptomatology during pregnancy, 21% reported no change and 23% suffered worsening of the illness. Psoriasis can be difficult to manage due to fluctuations in hormone levels.  Even if patients can experience improvements during pregnancy, most of the women report worsening in the post-partum period (4-6 weeks). Pregnancy and lactation can also interfere with specific treatment for psoriasis. Psoriasis can increase the risk of gestational, diabetes, pre-eclampsia and hypertension in pregnancy, increased risk of preterm birth, low birth weight and emergency caesarean section. In order to have a positive outcome for the mother and the baby, careful multidisciplinary management is needed. The aim of this review is to summarize the notions in the literature regarding pregnancy with psoriasis and the current treatment trend in this group of patients.
REVIEW OF THE SPINAL TUBERCULOSIS SURGICAL TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES
Authors: Jami Sayed Abdulla , Jiandang Shi , Zhou Zhanwen , Hao Liu Chang
Published: January 2020

Spinal tuberculosis (TB), caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, is one of the oldest diseases in the world. Spinal TB represents 50% of bone and joint TB. If spinal TB is not diagnosed and treated in time, it could cause spinal cord infection, nerve compression and paralysis.  Spinal TB often causes abscesses formation, spinal dysfunction, spinal instability, and kyphosis onset disorder. Most spinal TB can be cured by non-surgical treatment. Surgery is the ultimate method of treatment of spinal tuberculosis and it is used for eliminating lesions, relieving spinal cord and nerve compression, correcting kyphosis and building spine stability. At present, spinal TB surgical approaches are mainly posterior approach, combined anterior-posterior approach and minimally invasive techniques. The present review summarizes the advantages, disadvantages and indications for each surgical method.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL ANALISIS SPASIAL UNTUK MENSIMULASIKAN RESPON HIDROLOGI
Authors: Denih Asep , Kurnia Ema , Mansyur Umar
Published: January 2020

Urban expansion is a major driving force altering local and regional hydrology. To explore these environmental consequences of urbanization this research would like to forecast the land-use change and assesses the long-term runoff water through hydrologic modeling. To know the detrimental effects of future disasters, especially drought, flood, and tropical storms, this research provided by a simulation technique, and based on two skenarios. First, simulation with a land-use change skenario. Second, simulation without a land-use change skenario. It provided by some parameters such as characteristics of catchments, land use, contour, river, soil, infiltration, and rainfall intensity. The objective of using different skenario is to know what kind of hydrological responses. Moreover, the outcomes would indicate that land use and climate change would likely be subjected to impacts the tremendous loss of life and damage due to excessive runoff and flooding. This is the primary watershed that affects the greater Jakarta urban zone, which has had increasingly severe flooding annually impacting and displacing hundreds of thousands of people. However, urbanization will considerably increase runoff water. Finally, the results of this research would have significant implications to support decision-makers, academia, and the wider public in preparing urban planning, water resources management, development of better regulations and their effective implementations. The techniques described in this proposed research can be used in other areas.
PENENTUAN DAERAH PRIORITAS PELAYANAN AKTA KELAHIRAN DENGAN METODE K-NN DAN K-MEANS
Authors: Anwar Ade Muchlis Maulana , Harsani Prihastuti , Maesya Aries
Published: January 2020

Population Data is individual data or aggregate data that is structured as a result of Population Registration and Civil Registration activities. Birth Certificate is a Civil Registration Deed as a result of recording the birth event of a baby whose birth is reported to be registered on the Family Card and given a Population Identification Number (NIK) as a basis for obtaining other community services. From the total number of integrated birth certificate reporting for the 2018 Population Administration Information System (SIAK) totaling 570,637 there were 503,946 reported late and only 66,691 were reported publicly. Clustering is a method used to classify data that is similar to others in one group or similar data to other groups. K-Nearest Neighbor is a method for classifying objects based on learning data that is the closest distance to the test data. k-means is a method used to divide a number of objects into groups based on existing categories by looking at the midpoint. In data mining preprocesses, data is cleaned by filling in the blank data with the most dominating data, and selecting attributes using the information gain method. Based on the k-nearest neighbor method to predict delays in reporting and the k-means method to classify priority areas of service with 10,000 birth certificate data on birth certificates in 2019 that have good enough performance to produce predictions with an accuracy of 74.00% and with K = 2 on k-means produces a index davies bouldin of 1,179.
SISTEM PENUNJANG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN INDUK AYAM KUB TERBAIK DENGAN METODE FUZZY DAN VIKOR
Authors: Teguh Muhammad , Setyaningsih Sri , Mulyati Mulyati
Published: January 2020

Kampung Unggul Superior Chicken (KUB) is a native native chicken selection from the Animal Research Center (Balitnak). KUB chicken has the advantage of low incubation and high egg production, so it becomes a parent producer of many DOC (female line). Currently consumption of native chicken meat and eggs in the community from year to year has increased while its production has not been able to fully meet the needs of the community. Some of the problems in maintaining KUB hens are not optimal body weight, length of time in laying eggs and even a small amount of egg production quality from selected prospective broodies originating from KUB hens who have high productivity in laying eggs. to overcome these problems, an application system is needed, one of which is a decision support system application. This application can provide recommendations in the selection of the best KUB hens so that the hens can be maintained intensively so that the supply of chicken meat and eggs can meet the needs of the community. There are several methods that can be used to determine the selection of the best KUB Parent, including using the Vikor method. Vikor is used to overcome the problem of complex multi-criteria systems that focus on ranking and selection of an alternative, while to determine the weighting using the Fuzzy Method. The results of this study are in the form of an application system that can help breeders / enclosure technicians in determining the selection of the Best KUB Chicken Parent. The level of system accuracy using the Vikor and Fuzzy methods was obtained at 77.2% of the 9 test data used.
Integral or Irrelevant: What Makes a Desirable College Intern?
Authors: McQueen Shannon , Jenkins Clinton , Wiley Susan
Published: January 2020

What constitutes a ‘quality’ college intern? Interning is an integral part of the student experience at George Washington University. Although the benefits of interning are well known, we know less about the qualities and skills that make a desirable intern. In this research, we examine what internship sponsors desire in a George Washington University political science student intern. We analyze quantitative and qualitative sponsor evaluations of the student intern’s performance looking at dependability, work ethic, attendance, usefulness to the organization, and level of initiative. The analysis is done by the intern’s gender and by the organizational category. Through this research, we offer a greater understanding of the role of internships to undergraduate education, as well as provide insight into interns’ performance while completing their internships.
Making do on not much: High Energy Striving, Femininity and Friendship in Broad City
Authors: Kanai Akane , Dobson Amy
Published: January 2020

In the years following the 2008 global financial crisis (“GFC”), feminist media scholarship has drawn attention to the gendered calls in Western media culture to remake subjectivity in line with imperatives of thrift required in conditions of austerity. In the shared symbolic environments that “gender the recession” (Negra & Tasker, 2014), media ranging from news, reality television, and film have placed further, intensified demands on women’s domestic, affective, paid and unpaid labour, requiring attitudinal orientations combining future-oriented enthusiasm, positivity, entrepreneurialism, a continued faith in (budget-conscious) consumption and investment in the home and the family. This article considers the US comedy Broad City as an articulation of how young women are critically grappling with such shifts in gendered social relations and labour markets in the cosmopolitan setting of New York City. We suggest, in the depiction of the central female friendship between Abbi Abrams (Abbi Jacobson) and Ilana Wexler (Ilana Glazer) in Broad City, the show foregrounds the necessity of young women’s “high energy striving” but produces an alternative configuration of the normative relation between femininity and labour. In the show, contra the “retreatism” Negra and Tasker document idealising women’s work in the home as a means of combatting an austere future, the thrifty fun, care, support, and love Abbi and Ilana strive to create together spills across public spaces, spanning the streets of the city, outdoors in parks and on stoops. Abbi and Ilana are continually depicted labouring in some way, though such labour does not generally result in financial or career-based reward, but rather, produces psychic and emotional sustenance for the women’s friendship and a means of affectively investing in each other. Thus, in Broad City’s acknowledgement of the high energy striving required to survive, the show critically questions the relation of such feminine striving to the promise of career, financial success, and the idealised direction of such striving towards the domestic and hetero-patriarchal family. Instead, the show emphasises the material importance of such striving in relation to the bonds of women’s friendship in conditions of material and social hardship, suggesting a different orientation to women’s work and its place in recessional culture.
CFD Modelling of Multi-Particulate Flow through Concentric Annulus
Authors: Dewangan Satish Kumar , Deshmukh Vivek
Published: January 2020

In this investigation, flow of multiparticulate lodaded liquid through concentric annulus has been considered with the consideration of rotating inner wall. The present work guides the research studies for petroleum industries in the field of wellbore drilling. The hole-cleaning issue is of utmost importance for the wellbore drilling applications. In oil-well drilling, the horizontal drilling is given more priority. The behaviour of hole cleaning is analyzed through various parameters like axial inlet flow velocity of particulate flow, inner cylinder rotational speed and inlet solid cuttings particle concentration. The effect of these aforementioned parameters on the distribution of solid-phase concentration is studied. Flow is taken as steady, incompressible and multi-particulate slurry flow with primary medium (which carries the solid phase) being water and silica sand with 6 different sizes as the six different phases. The present flow simulation has been done by taking the Eulerian approach. The shape of Silica sand is considered as spherical. ANSYS FLUENT has been used for modelling and solution. Graphs for comparison are obtained using Microsoft Excel.
Effects of the Supplementation of Lysophospholipids through Pelleted Total Mixed Rations on Blood Biochemical Parameters and Milk Production and Composition of Mid-Lactation Dairy Cows
Authors: He Yuhua , Zhong Rongzhen , Cheng Long , You Peihua , Li Yiyong , Sun Xuezhao
Published: January 2020

Lysophospholipids (LPL), a new feed additive, were supplemented to a pelleted total mixed ration (TMR) of dairy cows to examine its effects on feed intake, production, and composition of milk and plasma biochemical parameters. Two dietary treatments included diets supplemented without (control diet; CON) or with LPL at a dose of 0.5 g/kg of pelleted TMR. Twelve multiparous, mid-lactation, Holstein cows (Bodyweight 730 ± 9.3 kg; 100 ± 6.0 days in milk) were randomly assigned to one of the two dietary treatments with a 42-day measurement period after a 14-day adaptation period. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Feed intake and milk yields were recorded daily, blood samples were collected fortnightly, and milk samples weekly. The results showed that the supplementation of LPL did not change feed dry matter intake, milk yields, and milk composition. However, it increased total protein and globulin and the activity of alkaline phosphatase and decreased total cholesterol in plasma. This study suggests that LPL may have beneficent effects in animal health but might be not a feasible feed additive to increase production for dairy cows fed a pelleted TMR.
The Effect of Different Levels of Shading in a Photovoltaic Greenhouse with a North–South Orientation
Authors: López-Díaz Guadalupe , Carreño-Ortega Angel , Fatnassi Hicham , Poncet Christine , Díaz-Pérez Manuel
Published: January 2020

Photovoltaic greenhouses have been claimed to be a solution to cover the energy demand of the protected crops sector. Thus, there is a need to know what is the maximum percentage of shading produced by roof-top photovoltaic panels that does not affect crop yields. The present study analyzes the effects of increasing percentages of shading in a greenhouse tomato crop located in the southeast of Spain. For this study, photovoltaic panels have been simulated with opaque sheets located in the roof-top of a north–south oriented greenhouse. Three treatments of top roof shading percentage (15%, 30% and 50%) where studied and compared with the control treatment without shading (0%). During the study, parameters registered were radiation, temperature, pH and electric conductivity of the substrate, crop yields and fruit quality. Results of the analysis show that higher percentages of shading in the roof-top of greenhouses reduce so much available radiation for the crop causing a reduction in the yield and fruit quality, even in Mediterranean areas where radiation is not a limiting factor.
The ‘DEEP’ Landing Error Scoring System
Authors: Hébert-Losier Kim , Hanzlíková Ivana , Zheng Chen , Streeter Lee , Mayo Michael
Published: January 2020

The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) is an injury-risk screening tool used in sports; but scoring is time consuming, clinician-dependent, and generally inaccessible outside of elite sports. Our aim is to evidence that LESS scores can be automated using deep-learning-based computer vision combined with machine learning and compare the accuracy of LESS predictions using different video cropping and machine learning methods. Two-dimensional videos from 320 double-leg drop-jump landings with known LESS scores were analysed in OpenPose. Videos were cropped to key frames manually (clinician) and automatically (computer vision), and 42 kinematic features were extracted. A series of 10 × 10-fold cross-validation experiments were applied on full and balanced datasets to predict LESS scores. Random forest for regression outperformed linear and dummy regression models, yielding the lowest mean absolute error (1.23) and highest correlation (r = 0.63) between manual and automated scores. Sensitivity (0.82) and specificity (0.77) were reasonable for risk categorization (high-risk LESS ≥ 5 errors). Experiments using either a balanced (versus unbalanced) dataset or manual (versus automated) cropping method did not improve predictions. Further research on the automation would enhance the strength of the agreement between clinical and automated scores beyond its current levels, enabling quasi real-time scoring.
An NDN Cache Management for MEC
Authors: Kim DaeYoub , Lee Jihoon
Published: January 2020

To enhance network performance, the named data networking architecture (NDN) caches data-packets in the network nodes on a downstream network path. Then it uses such cached requested data-packets to respond to new request-packets. Hence, a cache management scheme (CMS) is the essential point of NDN. CMS generally considers two main factors. One is a short response time and the other is storage efficiency. To rapidly respond to requests, CMS generally tries to cache data-packets near users as much as possible. To efficiently manage storage, it uses the popularity of the data. That is, proportionally to the popularity of the data, it increases the number of nodes caching data-packets and manages the lifetime of caches. However, few data objects are as popular as many users globally enjoy in the real world. Hence, if the assumptions about content- usage are practically changed, CMS can waste cache storage and not significantly improve network efficiency. We show that many caches have expired and are not used at all. To improve such inefficiency of CMS, this paper propose to simultaneously apply two cache decision factors, the expected frequency of a cache hit and the popularity of data. That is, it proposes to gradually cache transmitted data in nodes in which their expected cache-usage frequency is relatively high. To show the effectiveness of our proposal, we implement LdC (a limited domain cache policy) and evaluate the performance of LdC. The evaluation result shows that it can enhance the cache-storage efficiency by up to 65% compared with existing CMS without degrading the network efficiency.
Survey: Using Augmented Reality to Improve Learning Motivation in Cultural Heritage Studies
Authors: González Vargas Juan Camilo , Fabregat Ramon , Carrillo-Ramos Angela , Jové Teodor
Published: January 2020

Cultural Heritage (CH) refers to the representation of historical places and traditional customs of a specific city or country. Its principal aim is to transmit to future generations how their ancestors lived, and what their customs and buildings were like, etc. Nowadays, there are different technology systems and research investigations that are focused on CH education that use augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR). The aim of this document is to specifically identify if the use of AR improves students’ motivation to learn about topics related to CH. To this end, studies from different databases and specific journals, along with those concerning technology systems, were evaluated, and comparisons were made between them. Additionally, the aspects that should be considered in future research to improve student motivation and technology systems were identified.
Copper Ions and Parkinson’s Disease: Why Is Homeostasis So Relevant?
Authors: Bisaglia Marco , Bubacco Luigi
Published: January 2020

The involvement of copper in numerous physiological processes makes this metal ion essential for human life. Alterations in copper homeostasis might have deleterious consequences, and several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), have been associated with impaired copper levels. In the present review, we describe the molecular mechanisms through which copper can exert its toxicity, by considering how it can interfere with other cellular processes known to play a role in PD, such as dopamine metabolism, oxidative stress, and α-synuclein aggregation. The recent experimental evidence that associates copper deficiency and the formation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) aggregates with the progression of PD is also discussed together with its therapeutic implication. Overall, the recent discoveries described in this review show how either copper deficiency or excessive levels can promote detrimental effects, highlighting the importance of preserving copper homeostasis and opening unexplored therapeutic avenues in the definition of novel disease-modifying drugs.
Relevance of Hydrogen Bonds for the Histamine H2 Receptor-Ligand Interactions: A Lesson from Deuteration
Authors: Kržan Mojca , Keuschler Jan , Mavri Janez , Vianello Robert
Published: January 2020

We used a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and the implicit quantization of the acidic N–H and O–H bonds to assess the effect of deuteration on the binding of agonists (2-methylhistamine and 4-methylhistamine) and antagonists (cimetidine and famotidine) to the histamine H2 receptor. The results show that deuteration significantly increases the affinity for 4-methylhistamine and reduces it for 2-methylhistamine, while leaving it unchanged for both antagonists, which is found in excellent agreement with experiments. The revealed trends are interpreted in the light of the altered strength of the hydrogen bonding upon deuteration, known as the Ubbelohde effect, which affects ligand interactions with both active sites residues and solvent molecules preceding the binding, thus providing strong evidence for the relevance of hydrogen bonding for this process. In addition, computations further underline an important role of the Tyr250 residue for the binding. The obtained insight is relevant for the therapy in the context of (per)deuterated drugs that are expected to enter therapeutic practice in the near future, while this approach may contribute towards understanding receptor activation and its discrimination between agonists and antagonists.
Trabecular Bone Deficit and Enhanced Anabolic Response to Re-Ambulation after Disuse in Perlecan-Deficient Skeleton
Authors: Parajuli Ashutosh , Pei Shaopeng , Zhao Hongbo , Martinez Jerahme R. , Lu X. Lucas , Liu X. Sherry , Farach-Carson Mary C. , Kirn-Safran Catherine B. , Wang Liyun
Published: January 2020

Perlecan/Hspg2, a large monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is found in the basement membrane and extracellular matrix, where it acts as a matrix scaffold, growth factor depot, and tissue barrier. Perlecan deficiency leads to skeletal dysplasia in Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome (SJS) and is a risk factor for osteoporosis. In the SJS-mimicking murine model (Hypo), inferior cortical bone quality and impaired mechanotransduction in osteocytes were reported. This study focused on trabecular bone, where perlecan deficiency was hypothesized to result in structural deficit and altered response to disuse and re-loading. We compared the Hypo versus WT trabecular bone in both axial and appendicular skeletons of 8-38-week-old male mice, and observed severe trabecular deficit in Hypo mice, approximately 50% reduction of Tb.BV/TV regardless of skeletal site and animal age. Defects in endochondral ossification (e.g., accelerated mineralization), increases in osteoclast activity, and altered differentiation of bone progenitor cells in marrow contributed to the Hypo phenotype. The Hypo trabecular bone deteriorated further under three-week hindlimb suspension as did the WT. Re-ambulation partially recovered the lost trabecular bone in Hypo, but not in WT mice. The novel finding that low-impact loading could counter detrimental disuse effects in the perlecan-deficient skeleton suggests a strategy to maintain skeletal health in SJS patients.
Cerevisterol Alleviates Inflammation via Suppression of MAPK/NF-κB/AP-1 and Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Cascade
Authors: Alam Md Badrul , Chowdhury Nargis Sultana , Sohrab Md Hossain , Rana Md Sohel , Hasan Choudhury Mahmood , Lee Sang-Han
Published: January 2020

As part of our continuous effort to find potential anti-inflammatory agents from endophytic fungi, a Fusarium solani strain, isolated from the plant Aponogeton undulatus Roxb., was investigated. Cerevisterol (CRVS) was identified from endophytic fungi, a Fusarium solani strain, and moreover exhibited anti-inflammatory activity. However, the underlying mode of action remains poorly understood. The aim of this study is to reveal the potential mechanisms of CRVS against inflammation on a molecular level in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 peritoneal macrophage cells. CRVS was isolated from F. solani and characterized based on spectral data analysis. The MTT assay was performed to measure cell viability in CRVS-treated macrophages. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by measurement of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels, as well as the production of various cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and -6 (IL-6) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. RT-PCR and immunoblotting analyses were done to examine the expression of various inflammatory response genes. A reporter gene assay was conducted to measure the level of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) transactivation. CRVS suppresses the LPS-induced production of NO and PGE2, which is a plausible mechanism for this effect is by reducing the expression of iNOS and COX-2. CRVS also decreases the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. CRVS halted the nuclear translocation of NF-κB by blocking the phosphorylation of inhibitory protein κBα (IκBα) and suppressing NF-κB transactivation. The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathways are also suppressed. CRVS treatment also inhibited the transactivation of AP-1 and the phosphorylation of c-Fos. Furthermore, CRVS could induce the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by down-regulating Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1) and up-regulating hemeoxygenases-1 (HO-1) expression. The results suggest that CRVS acts as a natural agent for treating inflammatory diseases by targeting an MAPK, NF-κB, AP-1, and Nrf2-mediated HO-1 signaling cascade.
Double-Stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) as a Sustainable Tool against Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) in Grapevine: Effectiveness of Different Application Methods in an Open-Air Environment
Authors: Nerva Luca , Sandrini Marco , Gambino Giorgio , Chitarra Walter
Published: January 2020

Grapevine is one of the most important and globally widespread fruit species, with a high impact on the economy of many countries but with an intense environmental effect. Therefore, new environmentally friendly defense strategies against fungal pathogens are needed for more sustainable agriculture. A novel emerging approach is spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS), which concerns the exogenous application of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) inducing enhanced plant resistance against fungal pathogens. Here, we tested the ability of SIGS to prevent and counteract infection of Botrytis cinerea, one of the most economically impacting pathogens of grapevine. In particular, we tested three independent approaches for dsRNA delivery into plants: (i) high pressure spraying of leaves; (ii) petiole adsorption of dsRNAs; (iii) postharvest spraying of bunches. We demonstrated that independently from the method of application, SIGS can reduce virulence of the fungus. Moreover, we also observed three different levels of efficacy depending on the method of application. Thus, the present data provide crucial information on the possibility to exploit SIGS as an alternative sustainable and ecofriendly strategy for grapevine pre- and postharvest protection.
Role of the TRPV Channels in the Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Homeostasis
Authors: Haustrate Aurélien , Prevarskaya Natalia , Lehen’kyi V’yacheslav
Published: January 2020

It has been widely established that transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels play a crucial role in calcium homeostasis in mammalian cells. Modulation of TRPV channels activity can modify their physiological function leading to some diseases and disorders like neurodegeneration, pain, cancer, skin disorders, etc. It should be noted that, despite TRPV channels importance, our knowledge of the TRPV channels functions in cells is mostly limited to their plasma membrane location. However, some TRPV channels were shown to be expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum where their modulation by activators and/or inhibitors was demonstrated to be crucial for intracellular signaling. In this review, we have intended to summarize the poorly studied roles and functions of these channels in the endoplasmic reticulum.