bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental evolution reveals a general role for the methyltransferase Hmt1 in noise buffering
Authors: You Shu-Ting , Jhou Yu-Ting , Kao Cheng-Fu , Leu Jun-Yi
Published: July 2019

Cell-to-cell heterogeneity within an isogenic population has been observed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Such heterogeneity often manifests at the level of individual protein abundance and may have evolutionary benefits, especially for organisms in fluctuating environments. Although general features and the origins of cellular noise have been revealed, details of the molecular pathways underlying noise regulation remain elusive. Here, we used experimental evolution ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeto select for mutations that increase reporter protein noise. By combining bulk segregant analysis and CRISPR/Cas9-based reconstitution, we identified the methyltransferase Hmt1 as a general regulator of noise buffering. Hmt1 methylation activity is critical for the evolved phenotype, and noise buffering is primarily achieved via two Hmt1 methylation targets. Hmt1 functions as an environmental sensor to adjust noise levels in response to environmental cues. Moreover, Hmt1-mediated noise buffering is conserved in an evolutionarily distant yeast species, suggesting broad significance of noise regulation.

Author Summary

Cell-to-cell heterogeneity within an isogenic population has been observed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Such heterogeneity often manifests at the level of individual protein abundance and may have evolutionary benefits, especially for organisms in fluctuating environments. Here, we used experimental evolution ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeto select for mutations that increase reporter protein noise and identified the methyltransferase Hmt1 as a general regulator of noise buffering. Hmt1 is a central hub protein that is involved in multiple basic cellular pathways, including chromatin remodeling/transcription, translation, ribosome biogenesis, and post-transcriptional regulation. Our results show that Hmt1 constrains the noise level of multiple cellular pathways under normal conditions, so the physiology of individual cells in a population will not deviate too much from optimal peak fitness. However, when cells encounter environmental stresses, HMT1 is quickly down-regulated and expression noise is enhanced to increase the likelihood of population survival. Moreover, the noise buffering function of Hmt1 is conserved inSchizosaccharomyces pombethat diverged from the common ancestor ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaemore than 400 million years ago. Since the Hmt1 network is conserved from yeast cells to human, it is quite possible that Hmt1-mediated noise buffering also operates in multicellular organisms.
Stock-production functions resembling Beverton-Holt
Authors: Baker Peter Fritz
Published: July 2019

Researchers dissatisfied with the performance of the Beverton-Holt model, in contexts where “Beverton-Holt-like” behavior is expected, have introduced a plethora of alternative model forms. This paper presents a formalization of what constitutes “Beverton-Holt-like behavior” which includes many of these forms, and shows that the class of functions so defined has a coherent and non-trivial mathematical theory. Data from the stock production database assembled by Ransom Myers is used to illustrate why such generalizations have been sought in the first place, and to highlight the difficulties in choosing between model forms on purely empirical grounds. Special attention is given to a parametric family of functions within this class, here called “θ-BH” functions. These functions cover a broad range of shapes, including both the Beverton-Holt and hockey stick functions, and share useful properties with these two widely-used models.
Two-Step Small Scale Purification of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Viruses
Authors: Chen Shih-Heng , Papaneri Amy , Walker Mitzie , Scappini Erica , Keys Robert D. , Martin Negin P.
Published: July 2019

Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are robust and versatile tools forin vivogene delivery. Natural and designer capsid variations in AAVs allow for targeted gene delivery to specific cell types. Low immunogenicity and lack of pathogenesis also add to the popularity of this virus as an innocuous gene delivery vector for gene therapy. AAVs are routinely used to express recombinases, sensors, detectors, CRISPR-Cas9 components, or to simply overexpress a gene of interest for functional studies. High production demand has given rise to multiple platforms for production and purification of AAVs. However, most platforms rely heavily on large amounts of starting material and multiple purification steps to produce highly purified viral particles. Often, researchers require several small-scale purified AAVs. Here, we describe a simple and efficient technique for purification of recombinant AAVs from small amounts of starting material in a two-step purification method. In this method, AAVs are released into the packaging cell medium using high salt concentration and pelleted by ultracentrifugation to remove soluble impurities. Then, the resuspended pellet is purified using a protein spin-concentrator. The two-step purification consisting of ultracentrifugation and spin-concentration eliminates the need for fraction collection and the time-consuming evaluation of individual fractionated aliquots for titer and purity. In this method, the resulting AAV preparations are comparable in titer and purity to commercially available samples. This simplified process can be used to rapidly generate highly purified AAV particles in small scale, thereby saving resources.
Mitochondria branch within Alphaproteobacteria
Authors: Fan Lu , Wu Dingfeng , Goremykin Vadim , Xiao Jing , Xu Yanbing , Garg Sriram , Zhang Chuanlun , Martin William F. , Zhu Ruixin
Published: July 2019

It is well accepted that mitochondria originated from an alphaproteobacterial-like ancestor. However, the phylogenetic relationship of the mitochondrial endosymbiont to extant alphaproteobacteria remains a subject of discussion. The focus of much debate is whether the affiliation between mitochondria and fast-evolving alphaproteobacterial lineages reflects true homology or artifacts. Approaches such as protein-recoding and site-exclusion have been claimed to mitigate compositional heterogeneity between taxa but this comes at the cost of information loss and the reliability of such methods is so far unjustified. Here we demonstrate that site-exclusion methods produce erratic phylogenetic estimates of mitochondrial origin. We applied alternative strategies to reduce phylogenetic noise by taxon replacement and selective exclusion while keeping site substitution information intact. Cross-validation based on a series of trees placed mitochondria robustly within Alphaproteobacteria.
Whole-genome sequencing reveals high complexity of copy number variation at insecticide resistance loci in malaria mosquitoes
Authors: Lucas Eric R. , Miles Alistair , Harding Nicholas J. , Clarkson Chris S. , Lawniczak Mara K.N. , Kwiatkowski Dominic P. , Weetman David , Donnelly Martin J. ,   The Anopheles gambiae 1000 Genomes Consortium
Published: July 2019

Polymorphisms in genetic copy number can influence gene expression, coding sequence, and zygosity, making them powerful actors in the evolutionary process. Copy number variants (CNVs) are however understudied, being more difficult to detect than single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We take advantage of the intense selective pressures on the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, caused by the widespread use of insecticides for malaria control, to investigate the role of CNVs in the evolution of insecticide resistance. Using the whole-genome sequencing data from 1142 samples in the An. gambiae 1000 genomes project, we identified 250 gene-containing CNVs, encompassing a total of 267 genes of which 28 were in gene families linked to metabolic insecticide resistance, representing significant enrichment of these families. The five major gene clusters for metabolic resistance all contained CNVs, with 44 different CNVs being found across these clusters and multiple CNVs frequently covering the same genes. These 44 CNVs are widespread (45% of individuals carry at least one of them) and have been spreading through positive selection, indicated by their high local frequencies and extended haplotype homozygosity. Our results demonstrate the importance of CNVs in the response to selection, highlighting the urgent need to identify the contribution of each CNV to insecticide resistance and to track their spread as the use of insecticides in malaria endemic countries intensifies and as the operational deployment of next-generation bed nets targeting metabolic resistance gathers pace. Our detailed descriptions of CNVs found across the species range provide the tools to do so.
Investigation of the effect of V2O5 and Na2SO4 melted salts on thermal barrier coatings under cyclic conditions
Authors: Ozgurluk Yasin , Doleker Kadir Mert , Karaoglanli Abdullah Cahit
Published: July 2019

Purpose

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), which are used in high temperature applications of gas turbines, are damaged due to fuels and airborne minerals under working conditions. Stable zirconia coatings, which are usually used as topcoat materials in TBCs, are damaged by interacting at high temperatures with elements such as vanadium and sulfur from low quality fuels. The purpose of this paper is to see the failure mechanism of TBC systems after hot corrosion damages.

Design/methodology/approach

CoNiCrAlY metallic bond coatings of TBC samples were produced by cold gas dynamic spray method which is a new trend production method and stabilized zirconia ceramic top coating was produced by atmospheric plasma spray method. In total, 50% by weight of V2O5 and 50% Na2SO4 salt mixtures were placed on TBC samples and subjected to hot corrosion test at 1000°C.

Findings

Hot corrosion behaviors of TBC samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy, elemental mapping analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. TBC samples were damaged at the end of 12-h cycles.

Originality/value

The paper provides to understand the mechanism of hot corrosion of TBCs with cold sprayed metallic bond coat.
Competition in the Spanish domestic airline sector
Authors: Sancho-Esper Franco Manuel , Mas-Ruiz Francisco José
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the role of switching costs (SwCs) on established firm cost behaviour towards a competitive entry in the Spanish domestic airline market, taking into account the entrant profile and airport capacity restrictions.

Design/methodology/approach

The dynamic model is based on information of 193 Spanish domestic routes in which incumbents react to entrants (quarterly data during 10 years, 620 reactions are analysed). The balanced panel used is constructed by setting up a multiple-source database based on accounting and industrial engineering procedures.

Findings

Results show that both entrant profile and regulatory constraints conditions incumbent cost reaction (CR) to entry at the route-level. Regression models show that the relationship between SwCs and incumbent reaction is moderated by the entrant profile and the regulatory conditions of the market.

Practical implications

This study reveals the importance of policy measures aimed at reducing firm market power and increasing consumer protection in the airline industry, in which SwCs are artificially created at the company’s discretion and where operating costs at the route-level need to be evaluated together with the various service elements.

Originality/value

This study complements current literature related to incumbent CR to entry in the airline industry since it analyses the specific reaction performed by a carrier at the route-level. Moreover, it analyses the whole set of routes in the Spanish domestic market rather than a selection of it. It also explicitly includes three alternative measures of SwCs that can influence such incumbent reaction.
An analysis of factors affecting mobile banking adoption
Authors: Elhajjar Samer , Ouaida Fadila
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual model that explains the most important factors affecting mobile banking adoption for Lebanese banking customers.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the data collected through a survey, structural equations modeling and path analysis were utilized to test the hypotheses. In total, 320 questionnaires were collected from Lebanese customers.

Findings

The results show that digital literacy, resistance to change, perceived risk, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness were found to be the main variables affecting users’ attitudes toward adoption of mobile banking, whereas awareness and compatibility showed no significant impact on adoption. In addition, both subjective norms and personal innovativeness influenced users’ adoption moderated the relationships between usefulness attitude and ease of use attitude.

Originality/value

The study fills a gap in the literature by exploring e-readiness influence on adoption through testing the variable “digital literacy” and by examining the effect of the frequency of branch visits on the intention to adopt mobile banking. Social and individual variables, such as social influence and personal innovativeness, which were rarely examined in past studies, are employed in this research. All of our respondents were actual bank account holders.
Clinical guidelines and patient related outcomes: summary of evidence and recommendations
Authors: de Vasconcelos Luciana Pereira , de Oliveira Rodrigues Luiza , Nobre Moacyr Roberto Cuce
Published: July 2019

Purpose

Good medical practice, evidence-based medicine (EBM) and clinical practice guidelines (CPG) have been recurring subjects in the scientific literature. EBM advocates argue that good medical practice should be guided by evidence-based CPG. On the other hand, critical authors of EBM methodology argue that various interests undermine the quality of evidence and reliability of CPG recommendations. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate patient related outcomes of CPG implementation, in light of EBM critics.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors opted for a rapid literature review.

Findings

There are few studies evaluating the effectiveness of CPG in patient-related outcomes. The systematic reviews found are not conclusive, although they suggest a positive impact of CPGs in relevant outcomes.

Research limitations/implications

This work was not a systematic review of literature, which is its main limitation. On the other hand, arguments from EBM and CPG critics were considered, and thus it can enlighten health institutions to recognize the caveats and to establish policies toward care improvement.

Originality/value

The paper is the first of its kind to discuss, based on the published literature, next steps toward better health practice, while acknowledging the caveats of this process.
Streamlining and modernising medical workforce governance
Authors: Short Stephanie D. , Hawal Nikhil , Albusaidi Nasser Sai , Purwaningrum Farah
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify the elements of effective policies and processes to inform future health professional regulation reforms and practice in the Emirates.

Design/methodology/approach

This study is based on qualitative exploratory methodology. Methods of data collection and analysis included document analysis of the relevant literature, newspapers (as featured on their online websites), policy documents and official statistics. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with key stakeholders, including employers in the health and higher education sectors in Ras Al Khaimah, human resources managers, regulators and public health professionals and scholars.

Findings

This paper brings to light the issues of maldistribution of the medical workforce, Emiritisation and examines implications for more effective medical workforce governance in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Originality/value

First, the study provides policy recommendations for medical workforce governance in the context of UAE. Next, empirical studies on health workforce governance in the Middle East’s Gulf Cooperation Council are lacking and primarily focus on the international mobility of expatriates. The study addresses the lack of empirical studies on this topic in the UAE. Third, the UAE is a fertile ground for research on medical workforce governance and, more broadly, the mobility of health professionals due to its economic diversification strategy and thriving medical tourism industry.
Shaping city brand strategies based on the tourists’ brand perception: report on Banja Luka main target groups
Authors: Kovačić Sanja , Milenković Nemanja , Slivar Iva , Rancic Milica
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide a suggestion for the research framework on tourists as target groups for planning city branding strategies with reference to possible differences for tourists having a different country of origin. This framework was applied to analyze and compare the perception of Banja Luka city brand (Bosnia and Herzegovina) by four main target group by country of origin.

Design/methodology/approach

The suggested research framework combines qualitative generation of tourist’s city brand associations and brand personality with quantitative measurements of city brand perception (scale developed following the framework of Anholts’ (2006) City Brand Index adjusted to tourists as target groups).

Findings

The developed research framework was demonstrated in the example of Banja Luka main target groups. Three dimensions of city brand which largely coincide Anholt’s (2006) dimensions were extracted: tourist attractiveness, life standard and safe and pleasant atmosphere. Differences between analyzed countries were found in city brand perception, brand associations, brand personality, but also in all other analyzed categories.

Research limitations/implications

Possible limitation of the study is the fact that results were interpreted including both those who have visited Banja Luka and those who are not personally familiar with it.

Practical implications

Practical implications of research findings are demonstrated in form of branding suggestions focused on particular target groups.

Originality/value

The study suggests a research framework on tourists as target groups in the city branding process. Also, it contributes to a very scarce research on differences in city brand perception by target groups by country of origin, but also to the literature related to Banja Luka city brand and tourism development.
Characteristics of water containers influencing the presence ofAedesimmatures in an ecotourism area of Bang Kachao Riverbend, Thailand
Authors: Waewwab Pathavee , Sungvornyothin Sungsit , Okanurak Kamolnetr , Soonthornworasiri Ngamphol , Potiwat Rutcharin , Raksakoon Chadchalerm
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of breeding containers on the production ofAedesmosquitoes after a vector-control program in households that might support dengue transmission in tourist attraction areas of Bang Kachao Riverbend, Thailand.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional study was conducted in an ecotourism area of Bang Kachao Riverbend, Thailand, during the period October 2016 to September 2017. A total of 832 households from five villages participated in the study. Data collection employed an interview questionnaire, larval mosquito survey and measurements of the chemical properties of the water in each container. A binary logistic regression model was used to investigate the characteristics of water containers influencing the presence or absence ofAedesimmatures.

Findings

The study found that water containers located inside households had a highly presence ofAedesimmatures (2.22 times) compared with outdoor containers. Water containers without lids and water containers with ineffective had a high presence ofAedesimmatures (3.69 and 2.54 times, respectively). In addition, the chemical properties of the water inside the containers, such as pH, influenced the presence ofAedesimmatures (1.76 times) (OR=1.76, 95% CI=1.59–1.96).

Originality/value

The study results emphasized the characteristics of water containers in households located in a tourist attraction area. The findings may inform public health vector-control messages for households located in the tourist attraction area.
Beyond direct relationships
Authors: Kim Dong-Young
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether supplier dependence is related to innovation in supplier firms. Drawing on resource dependence theory, the authors hypothesized that supplier dependence has both positive and negative relationships to the quantity and quality of innovation.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on data collected from US companies. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to test the proposed hypothesis.

Findings

The authors found that the quantity of innovation of a supplier firm initially decreased and then increased with the extent of the dependence upon major customers. This finding supports the idea that the benefits of supplier dependence mitigate the negative outcomes of dependence upon major customers.

Originality/value

This study extends the literature on supplier dependence by empirically examining the relationship between supplier dependence and the quantity and quality of innovation within the context of high-technology industries. The authors provide a holistic understanding of the value of the dependent relationship in boosting innovation in the context of supply chain management.
Evolving manufacturing mobility in Industry 4.0: the case of process industries
Authors: Barata João , Rupino Cunha Paulo , Coyle Sharon
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present an approach to incorporating mobility into continuous manufacturing following the advent of Industry 4.0 (I4.0).

Design/methodology/approach

The investigation is based on a year-long canonical action research into a paper-manufacturing company implementing core I4.0 technologies.

Findings

The findings show how to: classify manufacturing mobility strategy based on the dimensions of team, task and control; design business processes enabled by mobile cyber–physical resources; involve different stakeholders in modeling mobility; and create a comprehensive guide to assist in implementing the mobile digitalization required by I4.0.

Research limitations/implications

Despite the complexity, richness and depth of the insights obtained in this research for mobility management in process industries, this inquiry was conducted in a single organization.

Practical implications

As the fourth industrial revolution encourages decentralization and increased interaction between humans and machines, this paper presents a model to capture the mobility potential in manufacturing. The tools proposed in this research can be used to steer investments in industry transformations that fuse the physical and digital worlds, overcoming mobility constraints.

Originality/value

Theoretically, this paper expands the concept of manufacturing mobility in I4.0. In practice, it proposes a participative roadmap to assist technology management in increasingly decentralized environments, identifying the intertwined network of cyber–physical actors, processes and services.
Cognitive and emotional resistance to innovations: concept and measurement
Authors: Castro Cristiano A.B. , Zambaldi Felipe , Ponchio Mateus Canniatti
Published: July 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to conceptualize two dimensions of active innovation resistance (AIR): cognitive active resistance and emotional active resistance. A scale to measure this construct is proposed and tested.

Design/methodology/approach

Three studies were conducted, with sample sizes of 195, 190 and 186, to test the discriminant, convergent, nomological and criterion validity of the proposed AIRc+e scale and to analyze its explanatory and predictive power. Data were gathered using the online platform of a US-based research company.

Findings

The authors provide evidence that AIR is a two-dimension construct comprising a cognitive and an emotional dimension. AIR was modeled as a third-order construct, comprising two second-order constructs, cognitive active resistance and emotional active resistance. The impact of adding an emotion dimension to active resistance was therefore assessed, and the results indicated that the explanatory and predictive power of the AIR measure improved as expected.

Practical implications

Consumers are most likely to resist innovations launched onto the marketplace, either prior to or after evaluating them. A better understanding of the reasons behind their resistance to innovation, as well as of its mechanisms, is of great importance in decreasing an innovation’s chances of failure.

Originality/value

This study proposes that incorporating emotion into the assessment of AIR will result in a deeper understanding of adoption and rejection behavior, expanding the current knowledge of consumer behavior in innovation-related, new product adoption and decisions.
Educating for the modern world: a report review
Authors: Rowe Lisa
Published: July 2019

Purpose

This review explores the Confederation of British Industry Education and Skills Annual Report (2018), which considers the issues and challenges facing employers in managing future workforce requirements against a backdrop of unprecedented global change. The review examines the evolvement towards the broader competencies of problem solving, resilience, communication and leadership to address concerns of a growing talent shortage. The review incorporates debate surrounding the relevance of student-owned identity, work-based learning, degree apprenticeships, lifelong learning and reflective practice. The purpose of this paper is to share a practitioner’s view of the report and provide a range of recommendations to develop and improve employer and higher education institutions practice.

Design/methodology/approach

This review combines desk research combining an industry-based perspective with a literature review to effectively consider the implications upon current and emerging higher education institutions and employer practice.

Findings

There were a number of key themes which emerged from the report. These include the need for effective, employer-led curriculum design, resilience building strategies, effectively situated workplace learning, the creation of time and space for reflective practice and normalising lifelong learning.

Research limitations/implications

As global change and technology continues to gather pace, skills demands will shift, new programmes and competitors will enter the higher education market and opportunities, funding and resourcing will rapidly change in the context of government policy, impacting upon employer appetite and strategies for supporting lifelong learning. This means that additional findings, beyond those highlighted within this review may emerge in the near future.

Practical implications

There are a number of practical implications in supporting skills development in the workplace from this research. These are reflected in the recommendations and include the development of flexible, innovative and collaborative curricula and effective work-based pedagogies.

Social implications

This review is of particular social relevance at this time because of the alarming fall in part-time and lifelong learning numbers juxtaposed with the threat of funding cuts and United Kingdom Government’s failed initiative to expand the number of apprenticeships in the workplace to 3m new starts by 2020.

Originality/value

This review is based upon one of the first published skills reports of the employers’ perspective within the new apprenticeship policy context in the United Kingdom. As a result, the work offers a unique insight into the emerging challenges and issues encountered by higher education institutions and employers working collaboratively in the twenty-first century business environment.
Exploiting higher-order dependencies for process analytics
Authors: Delias Pavlos , Kazanidis Ioannis
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology to reveal complex events structures in events’ occurrences by analyzing event databases, targeting to systematizing events’ analysis and surpassing the need for idiographic approaches.

Design/methodology/approach

A process-oriented point of view is enabled by purposeful data transformations, and higher-order dependencies are discovered and exploited to capture the flows among the events.

Findings

Political events do not follow a linear movement that is implied by a sequence, but they occur in varying patterns that cannot be reflected accurately when assuming only first-order dependencies.

Originality/value

The methodology suggests a novel way to look and to analyze raw event data and it offers an accessible, practicable and supplementary tool as it does not disturb any of the established relevant research designs, and it does not require any additional data to be applied.
Upward social comparison and Facebook users’ grandiosity
Authors: Lim Myungsuh , Yang Yoon
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to confirm the causal relationship, in an upward social comparison, of envy, loneliness and subjective well-being (SWB). Particularly, the authors address the mediating roles, each, of benign envy (BE) and malicious envy (ME) as different types of envy. In addition, the authors explore the grandiosity of users, in terms of narcissistic personalities, and whether it has discriminatory impacts on this causal relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors re-enacted a situation that users confront on Facebook as a quasi-experiment to determine if there is an effectual relationship among variables in the path of upward comparison, envy, loneliness and SWB. First, the authors divided envy into BE and ME to examine its mediating role in the path of upward comparison and loneliness. Second, the authors examined the differentiated effects of both kinds of envy and loneliness on SWB. Finally, the authors determined if users’ grandiose, narcissistic behaviour has moderating effects on the path of each variable.

Findings

The results revealed that upward comparison has a positive effect on both kinds of envy; however, in the path of loneliness, only ME operated and played a mediating role. Furthermore, grandiosity had a partially significant moderating effect.

Research limitations/implications

This study has the following theoretical implications. The mediating effect of envy was identified in the path of upward comparison, loneliness and SWB. Research limitation is as follows: this study could not effectively reflect individual differences. It is necessary to include individual difference variables in later research, including characteristics of social comparison.

Practical implications

This study has the following practical implications. Social comparison on Facebook poses a more serious problem than it does offline; therefore, users need to protect their own SWB. If users can actively cope with the information of others and selectively choose their upward comparison targets, they can reduce their loneliness and improve their SWB as expected in the hypotheses.

Social implications

The “unfriending” events that occur on Facebook may be explained by the mediating phenomenon of ME. The research showed that the excessive narcissism of users on Facebook is an inconsistent information with real selves of users, thus triggering the ME, which causes avoidance from other Facebook users.

Originality/value

The authors have proven that social comparison and envy emotion are the causes of the loneliness, while the authors are on Facebook. Especially, the mediation role of BE and ME are discussed in a distinguished manner. Also, the authors confirmed that the influence of narcissism could further aggravate the problem of loneliness. Finally, the authors found that the variables of the study also affect the SWB of the Facebook user.
Plagiarism in online literature publishing in China: why is it so rampant?
Authors: Wang Zhigang
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the reasons that plagiarism in online literature is so hard to control in China, and it will conclude with a clear solution for the future.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper begins its research with the statistics and analysis of plagiarism data and a review of expert interviews regarding online literature publishing. All of these data materials were collected from anti-plagiarism platforms, online literature websites, news report websites and judiciary office websites.

Findings

The paper provides empirical insights into why the plagiarism is so rampant in the publishing of online literature in China. It suggests that the current task of controlling network literature plagiarism is arguably created by the literary production platform, which leads to the problem of the validity of the “self-monitoring model.” In fact, controlling plagiarism must be emphasized by means of external monitoring, because strict supervision and various external punitive measurements for committing plagiarism can force literature-generating platforms to strengthen their own internal monitoring.

Research limitations/implications

Online plagiarism occurs almost constantly, but it rarely results in court cases over copyright because of the lack of a robust copyright ecology in China. This paper considers large amounts of data and cases from self-publishing media platforms.

Practical implications

The paper includes implications for the development of plagiarism management in online literature publishing from the publishing Association, media and government.

Social implications

This paper suggests to online literature users that plagiarism will be controlled when certain active measures against it are taken. The authors hope that this view will promote the development of original online literature.

Originality/value

This paper points out that China must strengthen supervision that comes from outside the online literature generate platforms to control the current rampant plagiarism that occurs on these platforms.
Comparing digital libraries with social media from the dual route perspective
Authors: Zha Xianjin , Liu Kunfeng , Yan Yalan , Yan Guanxiang , Guo Jia , Cao Fenfang , Wang Yunzhi
Published: July 2019

Purpose

Digital libraries and social media have emerged as two prominent online information sources with different characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to compare digital libraries and social media from the perspective of the dual route model which outlined a general framework of central and peripheral route-induced attitude change.

Design/methodology/approach

Research hypotheses were developed and data collected from users of digital libraries and social media were used for data analysis. The paired samplest-test was employed to compare the means.

Findings

Both central route (information quality) and peripheral route (source credibility and reputation) of digital libraries are higher than those of social media.

Practical implications

The important status of digital libraries as conventional information sources should be propagated by various “marketing” ways. Managers of digital libraries should encourage their users to use both digital libraries and social media so that some unique advantage of social media could usefully complement digital libraries. They should also recognize the challenge brought by social media and try various ways to enhance reputation.

Originality/value

Building on the dual route model, this study compares digital libraries and social media in terms of the central route and peripheral route, which the authors believe presents a new lens for digital library research and practice alike.
Between biography and autobiography: exploring the official history in organizations
Authors: Babis Deby
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The official history of an organization is usually found on the organization’s website and in brochures. The purpose of this paper is to explore the narrative of an institution’s official history, the autobiography, as compared to the biography constructed by researchers.

Design/methodology/approach

A case study was conducted on the Organization of Latin American Immigrants in Israel (OLEI), covering the entire history of the organization. Based on a longitudinal, holistic and qualitative perspective, the research methodology combines data collected from interviews, archival and digital sources. The access to these data enables researchers to explore some of the reasons and circumstance behind the construction of the official history.

Findings

The analysis of the data revealed a significant gap between the autobiography and the biography in four episodes. The common thread running through them was the creation of a narrative that reinforces and emphasizes the growth and stability of the organization, through the use of strategies such as forgetting, erasing and remythologizing. This narrative was found to have been re-constructed following a period of instability.

Originality/value

The originality of this study relies on the use of the terminology of autobiography and biography for the exploration of the official history of an organization. The innovative research methodology applied in this paper, which compares an organization’s biography with its autobiography, enables the exploration of different dimensions and dynamics, emphasizing the value of understanding autobiography by constructing a biography.
When does the owl of Minerva spread its wings? Shadow organizing and modes of inquiry
Authors: Buch Anders Christian
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to critique the metaphor of “shadow organizing” in relation to researchers’ allegedly ontological commitment to processual metaphysics.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper focuses on the association of “shadow organizing” with post-epistemologies that are grounded in process ontology. The investigation examines aspects of relational thinking and is guided by John Dewey and Arthur Bentley’s genealogical reconstruction of modes of inquiry.

Findings

Inquiry is construed in either substantialist or relational ways by researchers. By using the metaphor of “shadow organizing,” the relational aspects of organizational phenomena are prioritized for explorative purposes. Other research objectives are aided by substantialist modes of inquiry. It is the argument of the paper, however, that relational research approaches need not make commitment to process ontology, and that the relational ambitions imbued in the metaphor of shadow organizing are in fact better honored for their methodological virtues.

Originality/value

The paper’s original contribution consists in critiquing post-epistemological attempts to ground organization studies in ontological first principles of process metaphysics. The paper argues that the metaphor of “shadow organizing” is a promising concept that is better appreciated as a methodological move than an ontological commitment.
Effect of the orientation on the fatigue crack growth of polyamide 12 manufactured by selective laser sintering
Authors: Cano Alberto J. , Salazar Alicia , Rodríguez Jesús
Published: July 2019

Purpose

Polyamide 12 (PA12) properties meet specific requirements for various applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. Bulk specimens made of PA12 and processed via the additive manufacturing technique such as selective laser sintering (SLS) present a layered structure. In case of structural applications, the fatigue performance of SLS PA12 parts is of vital importance and fatigue response studies in these type of materials are still scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyse the effect of the applied load orientation on the fatigue crack propagation behaviour of the layered structure of SLS PA12.

Design/methodology/approach

With the aim of understanding the effect of the applied load with respect to the layer orientation on the fatigue crack growth of SLS PA12, fatigue crack growth tests were carried out at two orientations. The specimens called PARA were orientated in such a way that the applied force direction belongs to the layer plane while in the group called PERP, the tensile force direction is coincident with the build direction, that is, perpendicular to the slice. Besides, special attention has been paid to the analysis of the fracture surfaces of the specimens, linking the micromechanisms of failure with the microstructure of the material.

Findings

The SLS PA12 specimens tested with the load applied parallel to the layered structure show a little better fatigue response than those tested at perpendicular orientation. The fracture surfaces of the specimens tested at perpendicular orientation are slightly smoother than those tested at parallel orientation. Crazes are the main micromechanism of failure with a crater size of 50 microns, which coincide with the spherulite size. This indicates that the void nucleation of the crazes takes places between lamellae inside the spherulites, and consequently, the craze growth and rupture occurs mainly in a transspherulitic mode.

Originality/value

PA12 parts manufactured via SLS are becoming more valuable in structural elements in the automative and aeronatical fields. In such applications, fatigue performance is vital for design. Fatigue studies are scarce in literature and even more when dealing with fatigue crack growth behaviour. The value of this work is the analysis of the fatigue crack growth response of these materials taking into account the anisotropic microstructure and to get a better understanding, this behaviour is explained taking into account the micromechanisms of failure and the microstructure of the material.
Travel time prediction in transport and logistics
Authors: Li Xia , Bai Ruibin , Siebers Peer-Olaf , Wagner Christian
Published: July 2019

Purpose

Many transport and logistics companies nowadays use raw vehicle GPS data for travel time prediction. However, they face difficult challenges in terms of the costs of information storage, as well as the quality of the prediction. This paper aims to systematically investigate various meta-data (features) that require significantly less storage space but provide sufficient information for high-quality travel time predictions.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper systematically studied the combinatorial effects of features and different model fitting strategies with two popular decision tree ensemble methods for travel time prediction, namely, random forests and gradient boosting regression trees. First, the investigation was conducted using pseudo travel time data that were generated using a pseudo travel time sampling algorithm, which allows generating travel time data using different noise processes so that the prediction performance under different travel conditions and noise characteristics can be studied systematically. The results and findings were then further compared and evaluated through a real-life case.

Findings

The paper provides empirical insights and guidelines about how raw GPS data can be reduced into a small-sized feature vector for the purposes of vehicle travel time prediction. It suggests that, add travel time observations from the previous departure time intervals are beneficial to the prediction, particularly when there is no other types of real-time information (e.g. traffic flow, speed) are available. It was also found that modular model fitting does not improve the quality of the prediction in all experimental settings used in this paper.

Research limitations/implications

The findings are primarily based on empirical studies on limited real-life data instances, and the results may lack generalisabilities. Therefore, the researchers are encouraged to test them further in more real-life data instances.

Practical implications

The paper includes implications and guidelines for the development of efficient GPS data storage and high-quality travel time prediction under different types of travel conditions.

Originality/value

This paper systematically studies the combinatorial feature effects for tree-ensemble-based travel time prediction approaches.
Detecting amplicons of loop‐mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: Shirato Kazuya
Published: July 2019

Loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays are used to detect diverse pathogens. Initially, LAMP amplicons were detected using electrophoresis; later, real‐time monitoring based on turbidity was developed to overcome the problem of contamination with environmental DNA. Recently, real‐time monitoring of fluorescence signals using a quenching primer and probe has improved the reliability of amplification signals. Here, methods of detecting LAMP amplicons are reviewed.
Thinking Outside the Box: Edgeworth, Pareto and the Early History of the Box Diagram
Authors: McLure Michael , Montesano Aldo
Published: July 2019

This paper shows that the ‘Edgeworth box’ diagram, as presented in textbooks, was not devised by Francis Ysidro Edgeworth but by Vilfredo Pareto. The scholarly literature on the derivation of the box diagram published over the last thirty years has continued to attribute the diagram to Edgeworth, textbooks have implied the same attribution when noting that it is named after Edgeworth. This new history of the Edgeworth box diagram, however, provides teachers with a basis for overviewing the derivation of the Edgeworth box when introducing their students to that diagram.
Getting Ahead: Extraction of DNA from Skeletonized Cranial Material and Teeth
Authors: Edson Suni M.
Published: July 2019

Between 1990 and 2018, the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency submitted 2177 cranial elements and 1565 teeth to the Armed Forces Medical Examiner System—Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory for DNA testing. In an effort to identify missing United States service members, materials were recovered from wartime losses inclusive of World War II, the Korean War, and Southeast Asia. Using four different DNA extraction protocols, DNA testing was performed using mitochondrial DNA Sanger sequencing, modified AmpFlSTR® Yfiler™, AmpFlSTR® MiniFiler™, PowerPlex® Fusion, or Next Generation Sequencing. This paper aims to provide optimal strategies for the DNA testing of skeletonized cranial materials. Cranial elements produced the most consistent results in Sanger sequencing using an organic purification; however, teeth were most successful for the same platform with an inorganic purification. The inverse is true for STR testing of cranial bones. Of the cranial elements, the temporal provided the most consistent results.
Sociodemographic, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects of Penitentiary Psychiatric Consultation: Toward Integration Into the General Mental Health Services
Authors: Arnau Francisco , García‐Guerrero Julio , Benito Ana , Vera‐Remartínez Enrique J. , Baquero Abel , Haro Gonzalo
Published: July 2019

The characteristics of mental disorders, as well as deficiencies in their treatment, must be properly defined. This was a prospective, longitudinal, observational study, in which all men referred to a penitentiary psychiatric consultation of three penitentiary centers in Spain were invited to participate. Those who consented to participation (1328) were interviewed at the baseline timepoint and at intervals for up to 3 years. The presence of mental disorders was high: 68.2% had a cluster B personality disorder, 14% had an affective and/or anxiety disorders, 13% had schizophrenia, and over 80% had a dual disorder. Polypharmacy was the norm. Moreover, the health care received in prison did not match that provided in the community in terms of quantity and quality. These results should help to facilitate the design of mental healthcare provision for prisoners, focusing on both the most frequent patient profiles and equality of care.