bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors in Psoriasis
Authors: Wang Cong , Lin Andrew
Published: October 2018

Background:

Topical calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus and pimecrolimus) are indicated for the treatment of atopic dermatitis but ve also been studied in the treatment of psoriasis.

Objective:

To define the efficacy of topical calcineurin inhibitors in the treatment of psoriasis.

Methods:

We searched for English-language articles published since 1990 in PubMed, Ovid/Cochrane, and Embase using “tacrolimus,” “pimecrolimus,” or “topical calcineurin inhibitors” and “psoriasis.”

Results:

Nine double-blind and 13 open studies demonstrated the efficacy of topical tacrolimus in psoriasis, especially for facial, genital, and intertrigious psoriasis, and four double-blind and one open study demonstrated the efficacy of topical pimecrolimus.

Conclusions:

The evidence (double-blind and open studies) is strong that topical tacrolimus and, to a lesser extent, pimecrolimus have efficacy in the treatment of psoriasis. Since these agents do not cause cutaneous atrophy, they likely have a special role in facial, genital, and intertriginous psoriasis. Further studies would help define their roles in psoriasis.
Complete Skin Resection of the Dorsum of the Hand: A Prophylactic Approach Using a Dermal Regeneration Template
Authors: Hessam Schapoor , Georgas Dimitrios , Sand Michael , Bechara Falk G.
Published: October 2018

Background:

Surgical treatment of multiple and recurring invasive carcinomas on the dorsum of the hand often results in a reconstructive challenge. Reconstruction is limited due to reduced adjacent tissue. Preserving the functionality of the hand is pivotal and needs to be respected while planning reconstruction.

Objective:

We present a case of extensive, multiple, and recurring invasive squamous cell carcinoma on the dorsum of the hand and describe a prophylactic surgical approach.

Methods:

We performed a radical excision of the skin on the dorsum of the hand and surgical reconstruction using a bilayer dermal skin substitute and split-thickness skin grafting.

Results:

After a 1-year follow-up, we observed an excellent cosmetic and functional result with no signs of recurrence.

Conclusions:

In case of extensive invasive squamous cell carcinoma on the dorsum of the hand, prophylactic resection and surgical reconstruction using a dermal regeneration template should be considered.
Hospitalizations for Cellulitis in Canada: A Database Study
Authors: Baibergenova Akerke , Drucker Aaron M. , Shear Neil H.
Published: October 2018

Background:

Cellulitis is the skin disease most commonly responsible for emergency department visits and inpatient admissions.

Objective:

To determine factors associated with prolonged admissions and mortality in inpatients with cellulitis.

Methods:

Data on patients with an admission diagnosis of cellulitis from 2004 to 2008 in the Canadian Discharge Abstract Database were analyzed. Factors associated with mortality and prolonged hospital stay (> 7 days) were analyzed in univariate and multivariate analysis through logistic regression.

Results:

During the study period, 65,454 patients were hospitalized for cellulitis. Factors associated with prolonged admission included admission to or consultation by a surgical service (OR 2.30, 95% CI 2.17–2.43) and dermatology consultation (OR 4.50,95% CI 3.92–5.17). Factors associated with mortality included surgical (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.03–1.76) or infectious disease (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.39–2.21) consultation.

Conclusion:

Misdiagnosis of cellulitis, suggested by the use of consulting services, may play a role in the morbidity and mortality of cellulitis patients.
Treatment of Nail Psoriasis with Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Using a Needle-Free Jet Injector: A Prospective Trial
Authors: Nantel-Battista Melissa , Richer Vincent , Marcil Isabelle , Benohanian Antranik
Published: October 2018

Background:

Treating nail psoriasis is challenging. Corticosteroid matrix injection with needle is a conventional treatment but pain is often a limitation.

Objective:

Evaluate efficacy and safety of triamcinolone acetonide needle-free injection with the Med-Jet MBX in psoriatic fingernail.

Methods:

Seventeen patients were enrolled between January 2012 and January 2013. Four treatments sessions were scheduled every 4 ± 1 weeks. Clinical efficacy was evaluated according to Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI) score of target nail differences before and after the treatment.

Results:

Mean baseline NAPSI score was 6.5 on an 8-point scale (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.652–7.348) and mean final NAPSI score was 2.8 on an 8-point scale (95% CI 1.859–3.741), demonstrating statistically significant treatment efficacy ( p=.0007). NAPSI score for target nail from baseline to end of treatment was decreased by 46.25%.

Conclusion:

Treatment with triamcinolone acetonide delivered by Med-Jet MBX is a safe, minimally painful and effective treatment for nail psoriasis.
Effect of Narrowband Ultraviolet B Therapy on Serum Vitamin D and Cathelicidin (LL-37) in Patients with Chronic Plaque Psoriasis
Authors: Al-Mutairi Nawaf , Shaaban Dalia
Published: October 2018

Background:

Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) has been widely used in the treatment of psoriasis. It has been shown that vitamin D is a major regulator of the expression of human antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37, which has a critical role in inflammatory cascade in psoriasis.

Objective:

To evaluate the effect of NB-UVB therapy on serum levels of cathelicidin LL-37 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in psoriasis patients.

Methods:

Ninety-three psoriasis patients and 50 controls were included in the study. For psoriasis patients, serum levels of 25(OH)D and cathelicidin LL-37 were estimated before and after NB-UVB therapy.

Results:

Before treatment, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in psoriasis patients (31.5 ± 14.41 nmol/L) compared to controls (53.5 ± 19.6 nmol/L), p = .015. In contrast, serum LL-37 was significantly higher in psoriasis patients (13.24 ± 3.2 ng/mL) than in controls (7.92 ± 5.33 ng/mL), p < .001. After NB-UVB treatment, there was a highly significant elevation of serum 25(OH)D to reach 56.85 ± 5.2 nmol/L ( p < .001) and further elevation of serum LL-37 to reach 29.4 ± 4.2 ( p = .02).

Conclusions:

The elevation of serum 25(OH)D and cathelicidin LL-37 could be an additional possible mechanism of action of NB-UVB therapy in the treatment of psoriasis.
Burning Mouth Syndrome
Authors: Lynde Carrie B. , Grushka Miriam , Walsh Scott R.A.
Published: October 2018

Background:

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a burning or sore mouth in the absence of changes in the oral mucosa. It is often difficult to diagnose and treat. Numerous theories of the etiology have been suggested, including contact allergy.

Objective:

To determine the clinical utility of patch testing in patients with BMS.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients diagnosed with BMS who had patch testing performed between January 1, 2008, and July 31, 2012.

Results:

Of 142 consecutive patients with BMS, 132 consented to patch testing; 89 (67%) had allergic patch test reactions. Of the patients with positive results, 66 (74%) had results that were deemed to have possible relevance. The most common allergens detected were nickel sulfate 2.5%, dodecyl gallate 0.3%, octyl gallate 0.3%, fragrance mix 8%, benzoyl peroxide 1%, and cinnamic alcohol 1%.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that contact allergy may be an etiologic factor in some patients with BMS. Patch testing is a useful investigation for BMS patients.
Systematic Review of Interleukin-12, Interleukin-17, and Interleukin-23 Pathway Inhibitors for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Plaque Psoriasis
Authors: Tausend William , Downing Christopher , Tyring Stephen
Published: October 2018

Background:

Monoclonal antibodies known as biologic agents specifically targeted against interleukin-12 (IL-12), interleukin-17A (IL-17), and interleukin-23 (IL-23) have been the focus of research for moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis in recent years.

Objectives:

To discuss the immune-mediated model of psoriasis and to summarize current knowledge of the clinical efficacy and safety of new biologic agents for moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis.

Methods:

The PubMed database was searched for relevant articles on ustekinumab, briakinumab, tildrakizumab (MK-322), guselkumab, secukinumab, ixekizumab, and brodalumab published between January 2005 and July 2013.

Results:

Fifty-five articles were identified. These studies suggest that the biologic agents specifically targeting IL-12, IL-17, and IL-23 are efficacious and safe in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis in adults.

Conclusion:

Current data from clinical trials suggest that biologic agents targeting IL-12, IL-17, and IL-23 are safe and efficacious drugs for use in moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Long-term data still need to be established.
Angiofibroma of the Vulva
Authors: Ahmadnia Hassan , Kamalati Ali , Dolati Mahmood , Rezayat Alireza Akhavan , Katebi Mehrdad
Published: October 2018

Background:

Cellular angiofibroma is a benign and rare tumor. It usually arises in middle-aged women and involves the vulva. Complete local excision of the tumor is the best cure, and, usually, there is no recurrence after surgery.

Case Report:

We describe a 20-year-old woman with a painless, growing vulvar mass who presented about 3 years ago. Her past medical history was negative for oral contraceptives, tobacco, and alcohol, and there were no similar lesions in her family history. A physical examination revealed two masses on the right and the left labia majora and similar lesions on the left axilla and both breasts. An uncomplicated simple resection of the vulvar masses was done in the operating room. There was no evidence of recurrence 12 months after surgery. Histopathologic examination revealed that the findings were consistent with the diagnosis of the cellular angiofibroma. Based on our knowledge, this patient is the youngest case of vulvar angiofibroma. The lesions were large and symmetrical (on both labia majora), although they differed in size. Extravulvar (breast and axilla) lesions were also noteworthy in this patient.
Surface Anatomy of the Lip for the Dermatologist
Authors: Weinberg Tessa , Solish Max , Fayez Ibrahim , Murray Christian
Published: October 2018

Background:

Expert treatment of cutaneous facial pathology requires the correct diagnosis and precise anatomic knowledge. Lip surface anatomy is complex.

Case Report:

This brief report reviews the clinically relevant surface anatomy of the lip.
Determination the site of antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated From Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Mohammad Karzan Abdulmuhsin , Ahmed Zirak F. , Mohammed Bayar A , Saeed Rasti H
Published: October 2018

This study includes isolation of 25 isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli  ) strain from urinary tract samples in a pregnant woman. Microbiological and biochemical tests were used to identify the resistant bacteria of this genus. Screening methods were used to determine bacterial isolates for their resistance to 10 antibiotics include: Amikacin (Ak), Amoxicillin (Ax), Ampicillin (Ap), Chloramphenicol (Cm), Ciprofloxacin (Cip), Erythromycin (Er), Nalidixic acid (Nal), Penicillin (Pen), Tetracycline (Tet) and Trimethoprim (Tm). The isolates E4, E9, E16, and E17 were resistant to all antibiotics used in the current  study using the disk diffusion method. In contrast, the resistance percentage for all antibiotics ranged between 28-96%. Sites of resistance genes and hemolysin production genes were characterized by tranformation techniques in the E4 and E16. The results showed that the antibiotic resistance genes of Amikacin, Erythromycin, Tetracyclin, and Trimethoprim were located on a plasmid, whereas Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin, Nalidixic acid and Penicillin were located on chromosomal DNA. The results also demonstrated an inability to produce alpha or beta-hemolysin indicating that the genes which are responsible for hemolysin production were also located on chromosomal DNA.
Pengembangan Buku Penuntun Praktikum IPA Terpadu Kelas VII Semester Ganjil Dengan Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam Di Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan
Authors: Ariaji Rizky , Harahap Andes Fuady Dharma
Published: October 2018

This research aims to gain a practical guidebook on integrated SCIENCE Class VII semester odd with the utilization of the natural resources of South Labuhan Batu Regency. (1) the test to find out the feasibility of integrated SCIENCE practical guidebook on Class VII semester has developed an odd fit standard BSNP. (2) to find out the opinions of teachers and professors against the practical guidebook on integrated SCIENCE Class VII semester has developed an odd fit standard BSNP. The entire sample is selected by means of purposive sampling. Samples are defined in this study (1) Professor of biology, physics and chemistry University of Muhammadiyah South Tapanuli S2 education criteria amounted to 3 people. (2) integrated SCIENCE teachers in district of South Labuhan Batu Regency Torgamba from some schools with Undergraduate education criteria. The results of the deliberations of the research (1) to the average value of all aspects of the standard of eligibility based on the criteria of 4.30 BSNP is validitasnya { very valid and do not need revision (very decent)}. (2) the standard eligibility content was of 297 as well as an average rating of 4.30 by respondents lecturer and 613 and the average rating of 4.44 by the respondent teachers IPA. The standard language is the feasibility of 193 and an average rating of 4.29 by the respondents to the lecturer and 356 and the average value of 3.96 by respondents to the teachers of the IPA. The eligibility standards of presentation is of 206 as well as an average rating of 4.43 by respondents lecturer and 415 and the average rating of 4.32 by respondents to the teachers of the IPA. The eligibility standard kegrafikan is 476, as well as the average value of 4.29 by the respondents to the lecturer and 963 and the average rating of 4.34 by respondents to the teachers of the IPA.
Fungi in bottled water
Authors: Silva Pollyana Rubem da , Mesquita Amanda Rafaela Carneiro de , Lima Marcos Antonio Barbosa de , Pires Edleide Freitas
Published: October 2018

Bottled water is a product considered safe, although studies already proved fungi incidence even of potentially pathogens. The Brazilian legislation does not set limits for this microorganism in water for human consumption, limiting only for bacteria. This study evaluated the fungi contamination in bottled water commercialized in the region of the city of Recife-PE, Brazil. The samples were collected between september and december of 2016. Thirty five samples originated from seven companies, different lots, bottled in 500 mL polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles and coded from A to G and analyzed to fungi counting by mean of pour plate technique using acidified Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) at pH 4.0 and incubated to 25°C±2°C for up to seven days, accordingly to the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater Methodology. pH data from the samples were obtained by information containing in the labels from the packages. It was observed the fungi presence in 20 samples (57.1%). From the positive samples, there were identified filamentous fungi in 14 (70%), only yeast in 1 (5%), and both in 5 (25%). Packages were considered contamination source. The predominant filamentous fungi in each sample were isolated, purified and submitted to morphological identification at the genus level. The results showed that Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. can be water contaminants. The samples pH, around 5.0, might have contributed for the found fungi maintenance. The filamentous fungi found may be pathogenic or toxigenic, which represents a risk to public health.
Caracterização fitoquímica e avaliação do potencial acaricida e inseticida do óleo essencial de Hymeneae courbaril L. var. courbaril sobre o ácaro-rajado e o gorgulho do milho
Authors: Mercês Paula Fernanda Figueiredo das , Silva-Bessa Cibele Maria Alves da , Malafaia Carolina Barbosa , Câmara Cláudio Augusto Gomes de , Silva Milena Martins Correia Da , Silva Patrícia Cristina Bezerra , Navarro Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz , Napoleão Thiago Henrique , Correia Maria Tereza dos Santos , Silva Márcia Vanusa , Oliva Maria Luiza Vilela
Published: October 2018

As propriedades inseticidas dos óleos essenciais são geralmente reconhecidas ao longo dos séculos e confirmadas cientificamente nas últimas décadas. Tais produtos podem ser usados na agricultura como uma alternativa para o controle de pragas. O óleo essencial derivado das folhas de Hymenaea courbaril L. var. courbaril foi obtido por hidrodestilação com arraste a vapor e caracterizado fitoquimicamente por cromatografia gasosa/espectrometria de massa (CG/EM); seu potencial acaricida e inseticida foi avaliado contra Tetranychus urticae e Sitophilus zeamais, respectivamente, pragas que ocorrem em uma ampla variedade de culturas economicamente importantes em todo o mundo. Após a análise por CG/EM, foram identificados 36 compostos, sendo 46,42% dos monoterpenos e 51,41% dos sesquiterpenos. Os bioensaios inseticidas avaliaram a interferência do óleo essencial na fisiologia nutricional do gorgulho e no processo de fumigação do ácaro. Os ensaios indicaram que o óleo essencial causou uma mortalidade significativa, promovendo danos fisiológicos ao S. zeamais. O valor de CL50 para T. urticae foi de 35,57 ?L/mL de ar; além disso, também foi observado que a oviposição foi afetada negativamente pelo óleo essencial. O óleo essencial de H. courbaril demonstrou ser um potencial controle de pragas por afetar o metabolismo e a reprodução de ambas as espécies de praga testadas.
Información mecanística en la evaluación de riesgos. Una aproximación desde las explicaciones basadas en mecanismos
Authors: Bengoetxea Juan B. , Luján José L. , Todt Oliver
Published: October 2018

RESUMENDesde la década pasada, en la evaluación de riesgos se ha propuesto utilizar la información mecanística con un doble propósito: seleccionar guías de inferencia y realizar extrapolaciones inter-químicas para establecer categorías de tóxicos. En este trabajo se utilizan aportaciones procedentes del análisis filosófico de las explicaciones mecanísticas para analizar el concepto de información mecanística utilizado en la evaluación de riesgos. Categorizamos la información mecanística de los modos de acción en términos de explicaciones etiológicas que emplean bosquejos de mecanismos. El grado de detalle que ha de incorporar la información mecanística en la evaluación de riesgos dependerá, entre otros factores, de consideraciones pragmáticas respecto del uso posterior de dicha información.PALABRAS CLAVEINFORMACIÓN MECANÍSTICA, EVAVALUACIÓN DE RIESGOS, MODELO, BOSQUEJO, EXPLICACIÓN.ABSTRACTSince the 2000s, in risk assessment studies it is usual to use mechanistic information with a double aim: to select inference guidelines and to make inter-chemical extrapolations to categorize toxics. Here, we use the contributions made in philosophical analysis of mechanistic explanations to analyze the concept of mechanistic information used in the risk assessment. We classify mechanistic information, specifically that concerning modes of action, in terms of etiological explanations employing sketches of mechanisms. The grade of the details that mechanistic information must incorporate to risk assessment depends on, among other factors, pragmatic considerations on the further use of such information.KEYWORDSMECHANISTIC INFORMATION, RISK ASSESSMENT, MODEL, SKETCH, EXPLANATION.
La función explicativa de los modelos en biología
Authors: Diéguez Antonio
Published: October 2018

RESUMENLos modelos científicos son recursos explicativos fundamentales en la ciencia, y particularmente en aquellas ciencias en las que es dudoso que podamos contar con leyes científicas genuinas, como es el caso de la biología (y de las ciencias sociales). La cuestión de cómo explican los modelos ha despertado una gran atención en las últimas décadas y, sin embargo, sigue siendo una cuestión controvertida. Hay muchos tipos de modelos y no es de extrañar, por tanto, que puedan proporcionar explicaciones de los fenómenos de formas muy diversas. Si se puede señalar un rasgo común a todos estos modos diferentes de explicar, es el hecho de que los modelos nos ofrecen una mejor comprensión de los fenómenos. Se argumenta en este trabajo que la noción de ‘comprensión’ aquí implicada no es irremediablemente subjetiva.PALABRAS CLAVEMODELOS BIOLÓGICOS, EXPLICACIÓN CIENTÍFICA, COMPRENSIÓN, LEYES CIENTÍFICASABSTRACTScientific models are basic explanatory resources in science. This explanatory function is especially relevant in biology and social sciences, where it is doubtful the existence of genuine scientific laws. How models can provide scientific explanations has been a widely debated issue in the past decades, but in spite of this fact it remains as a controversial one. There are many kinds of models in biology, so it is not surprising that they provide scientific explanations of phenomena in very different ways. A possible common feature among this diversity is the fact that models give us a better understanding of phenomena. It is argued in this paper that the notion of ‘understanding’ is not irremediably subjective.KEYWORDSBIOLOGICAL MODELS, SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION, UNDERSTANDING, SCIENTIFIC LAWS
Los constreñimientos del desarrollo y su papel causal en la evolución
Authors: Martínez Maximiliano
Published: October 2018

RESUMENEn este artículo defiendo la necesidad de reformular los conceptos de constreñimiento del desarrollo y variación a la luz de trabajos empíricos y teóricos recientes. Argumento que la noción de variación refiere a esquemas establecidos en otras épocas y que deben ser reconsiderados siguiendo los aportes de la biología del desarrollo. La variación no sería irrestricta sino restringida y condicionada. Esta reforma del concepto de variación coincide con una reforma del concepto de constreñimiento: los constreñimientos son un factor causal positivo en la evolución, en contraposición a como son usualmente entendidos en la biología.PALABRAS CLAVECONSTREÑIMIENTOS, VARIACIÓN, GENES HOX, MORFOGÉNESIS, EVODEVOABSTRACTIn this paper I propose a revision of the concepts of developmental constraints and variation, in the light of recent empirical and theoretical works. I argue that the concept of variation evokes schemes established in other times that need to be reconsidered due to the contributions of developmental biology; variation is not unrestricted but biased. This conceptual reform of variation goes hand in hand with a reformulation of the concept of developmental constraint: constraints are a positive causal factor in evolution, in contrast with the way they are usually understood in biology.KEYWORDSCONSTRAINTS, VARIATION, HOX GENES, MORPHOGENETICS, EVODEVO
Biología aplicada: una aproximación interdisciplinar a la investigación del cáncer
Authors: Estany Anna
Published: October 2018

RESUMENLa importancia de la biología aplicada tiene que ver con una serie de fenómenos en torno al papel de la ciencia y la tecnología en nuestra sociedad. Entre dichos fenómenos podemos señalar la imbricación que en la actualidad existe entre la investigación básica, la utilización de ésta por las ciencias de diseño y la construcción tecnología para cambiar la realidad. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el papel de la biología molecular en la investigación del cáncer, a partir del marco teórico de las ciencias de diseño de H. Simon (1969), la reflexión filosófica de I. Niiniluoto (1993), y la praxiología como ciencia de la acción eficiente de T. Kotarbinski (1965).PALABRAS CLAVECIENCIA APLICADA, INVESTIGACIÓN BÁSICA, CIENCIAS DE DISEÑO, INVESTIGACIÓN SOBRE EL CÁNCERABSTRACTThe importance of applied biology has to do with a series of events around the role of science and technology in our society. The relevant point is the relationship that exists between basic research, the use of this design in science and construction technology to change the reality. The aim of this paper is to analyze the role of molecular biology in cancer research, from the theoretical framework of design science H. Simon (1969), philosophical reflection of I. Niiniluoto (1993), and Praxeology as a science of efficient action of T. Kotarbinski (1965).KEYWORDSAPPLIED SCIENCE, BASIC RESEARCH, DESIGN SCIENCE, CANCER RESEARCH
La ciencia en el futuro del hombre
Authors: Moya Andrés
Published: October 2018

RESUMENLa ciencia ha estado en la base de dos grandes revoluciones conceptuales: la de Copérnico (la Tierra no es el centro del Universo) y la de Darwin (el hombre es un producto de la evolución biológica). Pero la ciencia actual también está en la base de la tercera gran revolución, una revolución biológica y computacional que puede conducir a profundas transformaciones del mundo y de nuestra propia naturaleza.PALABRAS CLAVESELECCIÓN ARTIFICIAL, SELECCIÓN NATURAL, INTERVENCIÓN, TRANSEVOLUCIÓNABSTRACTScience has been at the basis of two major conceptual revolutions: one made by Copernicus (Earth is not the center of the Universe) and another one by Darwin (man is a product of biological evolution). But science is also present at the base of a third great revolution, a biological and a computational revolution that can lead to profound changes in the world and our own nature.KEY WORDSARTIFICIAL SELECTION, NATURAL SELECTION, INTERVENTION, TRANSEVOLUTION
Genética en México y sus instituciones en la primera mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Barahona Ana
Published: October 2018

RESUMENEl tema del presente trabajo apunta hacia la conformación del campo disciplinario de la genética en México, entendida como la creación de las instituciones alrededor y en las que las actividades científicas se llevaron a cabo. Este tipo de reconstrucción histórica permite entender cómo se estableció la genética en las instituciones mexicanas en la primera mitad del siglo XX. Se pretende analizar las condiciones científicas y las relaciones sociales que permitieron el establecimiento de la genética en México como una nueva disciplina a principios del siglo XX, y que se consolidó e institucionalizó posteriormente hacia la segunda mitad del mismo siglo. Se examinarán los efectos que tuvieron pequeñas comunidades durante la introducción de la genética en México, la aplicación, difusión y aceptación de la genética en el gremio de los agrónomos, particularmente el del Ingeniero Edmundo Taboada Ramírez en la Escuela Nacional de Agricultura.PALABRAS CLAVEALFONSO L. HERRERA, EDMUNDO TABOADA RAMÍREZ, ESCUELA NACIONAL DE AGRICULTURA, GENÉTICA Y AGRICULTURA, INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES AGRÍCOLAS, OFICINA DE CAMPOS EXPERIMENTALESABSTRACTThe theme of this work addresses the formation of genetics as a field of study in Mexico, which meant the creation of surrounding institutions in which scientific activities were carried out. This kind of historical reconstruction allows us to understand how genetics was established in Mexican institutions in the first half of the 20th century. It aims to analyze the scientific conditions and social relationships that allowed genetics to be established as a new discipline in Mexico at the start of the 20th century, as well as its later consolidation and institutionalization towards the second half of the same century. We shall examine the effects that small communities had during the introduction of genetics to Mexico, and application, dissemination and acceptance of genetics in the agronomist community, especially regarding Edmundo Taboada Ramírez at the National School of Agriculture.KEYWORDSALFONSO L. HERRERA, EDMUNDO TABOADA RAMÍREZ, NATIONAL SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE, GENETICS AND AGRICULTURE, INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCHES
Aspectos erotéticos del «hibridismo» de Mendel
Authors: Lorenzano Pablo
Published: October 2018

RESUMENEl objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar, en la línea sugerida por Nickles (1980, 1981) y desarrollada por Sintonen (1985, 1996), no sólo que el «enfoque de resolución de problemas» y el «enfoque de teorías» no son contrapuestos, sino que este último, mediante la versión de la concepción semántica de las teorías conocida bajo el nombre de «estructuralismo metateórico», puede ser utilizado para aportar precisión al enfoque de resolución de problemas, a través de la caracterización más precisa del contexto teórico en el que se plantean los problemas y, de este modo, de su individuación e historia, pudiéndose así distinguir dos tipos de «cambio problemático»: «cambio en un problema» y «cambio de problema». Para ello, se presentará dicha propuesta y luego será aplicada al caso del «hibridismo» de Mendel.PALABRAS CLAVEPROBLEMA CIENTÍFICO, ENFOQUE DE RESOLUCIÓN DE PROBLEMAS, ESTRUCTURALISMO METATEÓRICO, HIBRIDISMOABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to show, in the line suggested by Nickles (1980, 1981) and developed by Sintonen (1985, 1996), not just that the «problem-solving approach» and the «theory approach» are not incompatible, but also that the latter, in the version of the semantic conception of theories known as «structuralist view», can be used to give precision to the problem-solving approach, by a more precise characterization of the theoretical context in which problems arise and, in this way, to their individuation and history, distinguishing two types of «problem change»: «change in a problem» and «change of a problem». In order to do this, it will be presented a proposal that will be applied to Mendel’s «hybridism».KEYWORDSSCIENTIFIC PROBLEM, PROBLEM-SOLVING APPROACH, METATHEORETICAL STRUCTURALISM, HYBRIDISM
De la estetica generalizada a la estetica difusa
Authors: De La Calle Román
Published: October 2018

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Ciudadanos y príncipes. El concepto de ciudadanía activa en Juan de Mariana
Authors: Rubio José
Published: October 2018

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La atmósfera moral de la empresa informativa
Authors: Linde Antonio
Published: October 2018

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La educación ciudadana en la sociedad mal ordenada
Authors: Salmerón Ana M. , Rivera Alexandra
Published: October 2018

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Introducción Suplemento XIV
Authors: Martínez-Freire Pascual F.
Published: October 2018

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Sentido, referencia y representación lingüística en Frege
Authors: Fernández Moreno Luis
Published: October 2018

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Negatividad, utopía y metasonidos: modelos musicales para la filosofía de Adorno a Lachenmann
Authors: Notario Ruiz Antonio
Published: October 2018

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La escucha en continuidad
Authors: Pardo Salgado Carmen
Published: October 2018

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Derechos humanos, multiculturalismo e igualdad de género: una cuestión europea
Authors: Postigo Asenjo Marta , Rosales José María
Published: October 2018

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Educación y ciudadanía: vicisitudes de algunos legados de la Modernidad
Authors: Geneyro Juan Carlos
Published: October 2018

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La educación ciudadana en la sociedad mal ordenada
Authors: Salmerón Castro Ana María , Rivera Ríos Alexandra
Published: October 2018

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Educación y democracia en el liberalismo radical. El papel de las instituciones educativas
Authors: Torres Hernández Rosa María
Published: October 2018

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El retorno de la virtud cívica
Authors: Peña Javier
Published: October 2018

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¿Demonios o chivos expiatorios? (Sobre los efectos de los medios audiovisuales en el desarrollo cognitivo y moral)
Authors: Linde Navas Antonio
Published: October 2018

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Representación, cognición y evolución
Authors: Diéguez Lucena Antonio
Published: October 2018

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Génesis evolutiva de la representación y del conocimiento
Authors: Monserrat Javier
Published: October 2018

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El concepto de shi (“poesía”) en la tradición literaria china
Authors: González España Pilar
Published: October 2018

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Facticidad y sistema. Reflexiones sobre la "Ética" de Spinoza
Authors: Jacobs Wilhelm G.
Published: October 2018

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La perspectiva de segunda persona: mecanismos mentales de la intersubjetividad
Authors: Gomila Benejam Antoni
Published: October 2018

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Emociones, racionalidad y responsabilidad
Authors: Moya Carlos J.
Published: October 2018

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La verdad de la Naturaleza
Authors: Maraguat Edgar
Published: October 2018

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La “Fenomenología antropológica” del espíritu
Authors: Tufano Giuseppe
Published: October 2018

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Acerca del carácter ontológico del esquematismo trascendental
Authors: Arias-Albi Martín
Published: October 2018

ResumenEl objetivo de este artículo es demostrar que la doctrina kantiana del esquematismo trascendental trata una problemática ontológica. Con ese fin, en primer lugar, estudiamos las relaciones entre categorías, esquemas y principios del entendimiento. De esta manera señalamos la íntima relación entre los esquemas y los principios. En segundo lugar, mostramos que el sistema de los principios del entendimiento puede entenderse como un tratado de ontología. En tercer lugar, presentamos y criticamos un grupo de interpretaciones semánticas del esquematismo trascendental.Palabras claveKant, filosofía trascendental, esquematismo, ontología.Abstract The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the Kantian doctrine of transcendental schematism deals with an ontological problematic. With this purpose in mind, in the first place, I study the relationships between categories, schemata and principles of understanding. In this way I point out the close relationship between schemata and principles. In the second place, I demonstrate that the system of the principles of understanding can be conceived as an ontological treatise. In the third place, I present and review a group of semantic interpretations of transcendental schematism.KeywordsKant, transcendental philosophy, schematism, ontology.
La estructura conflictiva del Ereignis. Una lectura de la donación y la diferencia en el fenómeno heideggeriano
Authors: Basso Monteverde Leticia
Published: October 2018

ResumenEl objetivo de este artículo es demostrar que la doctrina kantiana del esquematismo trascendental trata una problemática ontológica. Con ese fin, en primer lugar, estudiamos las relaciones entre categorías, esquemas y principios del entendimiento. De esta manera señalamos la íntima relación entre los esquemas y los principios. En segundo lugar, mostramos que el sistema de los principios del entendimiento puede entenderse como un tratado de ontología. En tercer lugar, presentamos y criticamos un grupo de interpretaciones semánticas del esquematismo trascendental.Palabras claveKant, filosofía trascendental, esquematismo, ontología.AbstractThe aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the Kantian doctrine of transcendental schematism deals with an ontological problematic. With this purpose in mind, in the first place, I study the relationships between categories, schemata and principles of understanding. In this way I point out the close relationship between schemata and principles. In the second place, I demonstrate that the system of the principles of understanding can be conceived as an ontological treatise. In the third place, I present and review a group of semantic interpretations of transcendental schematism.KeywordsKant, transcendental philosophy, schematism, ontology.
El porvenir de Jacques Derrida
Authors: Chun Sebastián
Published: October 2018

ResumenEl porvenir de Jacques Derrida se juega en su reflexión sobre lo político, la cual gira a su vez sobre este mismo concepto: porvenir. Por lo tanto, pensar en la deconstrucción de lo político llevada a cabo por Derrida necesariamente nos conducirá a analizar algunos ejes que atraviesan la cuestión del porvenir: herencia, aporía, mesianicidad sin mesianismo e invención. Nos proponemos en este recorrido destacar la importancia del pensamiento de Derrida dentro del debate político contemporáneo y la herencia que nos ha legado, la cual nos obliga a seguir pensando la deconstrucción y su vínculo con la democracia por venir.Palabras clavePorvenir – Herencia – Aporía – Mesianicidad sin mesianismo – Democracia por venirAbstractIf there´s a future (à-venir) for Derrida´s philosophy, it depends on his political analysis, where the concept of «à-venir» has a fundamental role. Then, Derrida´s deconstruction of the political issue will take us to analyze some issues related to the à-venir question: inheritance, aporia, messianicity without messianism and invention. In this article we will emphasize the importance of Derrida´s philosophy for the contemporary political debate. This inheritance makes us go on thinking about the deconstruction and its connection with the democracy to come.KeywordsFuture – Inheritance – Aporia – Messianicity without Messianism – Democracy to com
Leo Strauss y el Enigma de la Realidad
Authors: Vanney María A.
Published: October 2018

ResumenLeo Strauss, en un ambiente filosófico adverso, tuvo la osadía de interrogarse acerca de la mejor forma de vida. Sin embargo, no parece haber alcanzado acabadamente su meta. El carácter zetético de su gnoseología, el abandono de conceptos metafísicos indispensables para alcanzar la unidad de ser, su énfasis en la «negatividad» del método socrático que limita la «positividad» propia de la mayéutica: el amor a la verdad, etc. le han conducido a la aporía consistente en la imposibilidad de alcanzar una síntesis entre razón y revelación, consideradas como «totalidades» incompatibles entre sí. Por ello, no llega a dar respuesta a su interrogante más profundo.Palabras claveLeo Strauss, razón-revelación, escepticismo moderado, mayéutica.AbstractIn philosophical adverse times, Leo Strauss dared question about the best way of life. However, he does not seem to have achieved his objective completely. His zetetic epistemology; the abandonment of key metaphysical concepts necessary to comprehend the unity of being; his stress on the negativity stage of the Socratic method, limiting the conclusive positive stage of the maieutic (love of wisdom) have led him to an aporia. This is the impossibility of reaching a synthesis between reason and revelation, considered as «wholes» incompatible with each other. Hence he doesn’t find a convincing answer to his deepest inquiry about the best way of life.KeywordsLeo Strauss, reason-revelation, moderate scepticism, mai
Cuidado de sí y cuidado del otro. Aportes desde M. Foucault para pensar relaciones entre subjetividad y educación
Authors: Vignal Silvana P.
Published: October 2018

RESUMENLa cuestión del «conocimiento de sí» como opuesto a la «experiencia de sí mismo» aparece problematizada en las primeras clases de La hermenéutica del sujeto. El estudio de Foucault sobre la experiencia de sí es realizado a partir del análisis de prácticas antiguas, que se traducen en «ocuparse de sí» y «cuidar de sí mismo». Nos interesa a partir de estas lecturas trabajar la dimensión ético-política del cuidado de sí, en su vínculo con el cuidado del otro. La pregunta que hacemos en una lectura desde el presente es ¿por qué educar? ¿Por qué insistir en la educación?PALABRAS CLAVESConstitución del sujeto, cuidado de sí y cuidado del otro, educación, pedagogía, psicagogia, parrhesi.AbstractThe issue of «self knowledge» in opposition to the «experience of the self» appears as a problem in the first classes of The Hermeneutics of the Subject. Foucault’s study on the experience of the self is made on the basis of the analysis of antique practices which can be translated into «taking care of oneself» and «caring about oneself». Based on these lessons, our interest is to work on the ethical-political dimension of the caring about oneself, on its link with caring about others. The questions we ask from a present analysis are: Why do we have to educate? Why do we have to insist on education?Key wordsConstitution of the subject, care about the self and the others, education, pedagogy, psicagogia, parrhesi
Comprender la pobreza: debate entre John Rawls y Amartya Sen
Authors: Urteaga Eguzki
Published: October 2018

RESUMENReconstrucción teórica de nuestras intuiciones a propósito de la justicia social, la Teoría de la justicia de John Rawls debía tomar en consideración a los más desfavorecidos a través del principio de diferencia que reparte los bienes de manera equitativa. Para Rawls, la objetividad moral está garantizada por la experiencia del posicionamiento original, caracterizada por el velo de ignorancia. Amartya Sen cuestiona ese planteamiento criticando el índice de los bienes básicos. Este artículo explicita lo que está en juego en este debate y desarrolla las aportaciones de la teoría de las capacidades a la reflexión contemporánea sobre las desigualdades socioeconómicas.PALABRAS CLAVERawls – Sen – teoría – pobreza – capacidadABSTRACTIn his theoretical reconstruction of our intuitions about social justice, John Rawls’s Theory of justice intended to take into consideration the worst-off due to the difference principle that distributes the goods in an equal way. For Rawls, the moral objectivity is guaranteed by the experience of the original position, characterized by the veil of ignorance that conceals particular interests. But, Amartya Sen has criticized this theory and specially the index of basic goods. This article states explicitly what is at stake in this debate and develops the contributions of the theory of capabilities to the contemporary reflection on the economic and social inequalities.KEYWORDSRawls - Sen - theory - poverty - capability
El don y lo imposible. Figuras de lo cuasi-trascendental en Jacques Derrida
Authors: Abadi Diego
Published: October 2018

RESUMENEn el presente artículo intentaremos hacer una lectura local que a su vez pueda quizá aportar herramientas para una lectura transversal de la obra derrideana. Por una parte, llevaremos adelante un comentario de Dar (el) tiempo, extrayendo de allí las nociones de «don» e «imposibilidad» a la vez que resaltando su implicación recíproca. Por otra, intentaremos mostrar cómo a través de estas nociones, y mediante su comprensión según la lógica de lo cuasi-trascendental, pueden hallarse elementos útiles para una lectura de conjunto de la producción derrideana.PALABRAS CLAVEDERRIDA, DON, IMPOSIBILIDAD, CUASI-TRASCENDENTALABSTRACTIn this article we will try to do a local reading which may also contribute tools for a general reading of Derrida’s work. On the one hand, we will do a brief commentary on Given Time, focusing in the notions of «gift» and «impossibility» and in their mutual implication. On the other hand, we will try to show how, through these notions, and their comprehension following the logic of the quasi-transcendental, one can find useful elements for a general reading of Derrida’s production.KEYWORDSDERRIDA, GIFT, IMPOSSIBILITY, QUASI-TRANSCENDENTAL
Los orígenes filosóficos del Romanticismo. La naturaleza como epopeya inconsciente
Authors: Yepes Hita José L.
Published: October 2018

RESUMEN

La historia de las ideas y de la cultura considera el romanticismo un movimiento estético y literario, sin embargo su origen responde a una cuestión esencial de la Filosofía, con una actitud altamente contestataria contra las formas políticas establecidas y la educación recibida de la generación anterior. Traer el romanticismo al academicismo del aula fue la forma de desactivar su fuerza. La búsqueda de una edad heroica, determinó una concepción del tiempo y su proceso civilizador opuesta a la pretensión ilustrada de progreso. El primer precedente es Hamann, una teología crítica alimentada por el pietismo que interiorizó a la vez el empirismo de Hume. Con Herder la Naturaleza se convierte en medio y fin de la nueva educación, recuperando de alguna manera lo que fue el radicalismo de Rousseau. Para Kant, aquella moda era estridente, sin embargo comprendió de ellos las aporías de un finalismo organicista de la Naturaleza y la incapacidad de explicar este proceso desde el determinismo físico laplaciano, vigente en las ciencias experimentales. Frente a la casuística externalista, la libertad se convierte en la esencia de lo humano. Esto apasionó a los románticos. Para Schiller es el motor de la historia humana, que está por encima de la historia natural —el Espíritu, según Hegel—. Este fue el contexto de la Filosofía que Fichte enseñaba, el idealismo: el deber de acción es anterior al propio deber moral. Y esta es la Filosofía de los «años de formación» de Schelling, los Naturphilosophen y el mismo Hegel. La voluntad de acción de la Filosofía fichteana es en Novalis y Hölderlin una «fuerza insconsciente». Contemplan el sublime proceso de la Naturaleza, como una transposición de su propia juventud vivida, de la contradicción y devenir de su propia psique: la crianza que supera años e incorpora etapas. Por eso Hegel apunta en su semestre de 1805/06, la Realphilosophie: «¿La Tierra tiene una historia? ¿Qué es historia?».
Crítica trascendental del sentido y validez. Acerca del alcance normativo de las reglas del discurso en la pragmática trascendental del lenguaje
Authors: Paolicchi Leandro
Published: October 2018

En el presente trabajo se aborda el problema fundamental que concierne a la pragmática trascendental del lenguaje referido al alcance normativo de las reglas del discurso. Luego de presentar las características fundamentales que estas reglas manifiestan en la pragmática trascendental (I), se desarrolla la discusión en torno a su alcance normativo (II). Reconstruyendo y criticando la solución de Karl-Otto Apel a esta problemática (III) se presenta esquemáticamente una propuesta de solución (IV) y finalmente se extraen algunas conclusiones que pueden ser tenidas en cuenta para futuros desarrollos de esta propuesta (V).
La tesis bio-antropología del innatismo. Falacias descubiertas desde la reflexión filosófica acerca de la experiencia moral
Authors: Barroso Fernández Óscar
Published: October 2018

En los últimos años se observa una tendencia a recuperar la tesis del innatismo moral desde el ámbito de las ciencias bio-antropológicas. Dicha tesis encuentra apoyo en el descubrimiento de ciertos universales morales y en la constatación de la capacidad humana de producir respuestas morales de forma inmediata. El autor de este trabajo, aun cuando considera plausible que en la conducta moral haya elementos innatos, mantiene que las pruebas aducidas incurren en la falacia del falso dilema: respecto a los universales morales, pueden ser alcanzados racionalmente; respecto a las respuestas morales inmediatas, pueden ser resultado de un proceso de habituación. Para demostrar el carácter falaz de estas demostraciones, el autor se apoyará en la antropología moral de Zubiri.
Figuras del Oriente en Mil mesetas y ¿Qué es la filosofía?: del I Ching y el pintor–poeta chino al pensamiento por figuras y el devenir imperceptible
Authors: Soich Matías
Published: October 2018

RESUMEN

Este trabajo desarrolla algunas «figuras del Oriente» presentes en la obra de Deleuze y Guattari: en primer lugar, los hexagramas del Libro de los Cambios como un caso límite entre el pensamiento por figuras y el pensamiento por conceptos, y entre sabiduría y filosofía; en segundo lugar, los paisajes «típicamente» orientales y occidentales que pueblan Mil mesetas y ¿Qué es la filosofía?; por último, la figura del pintor–poeta chino como realizador del devenir–imperceptible. El objetivo es explorar las resonancias conceptuales entre ambos autores y el pensamiento oriental, especialmente en cuanto a la articulación entre ontología y ética.