bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkiye’de Hafızlık Eğitiminin Problemleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: DOĞAN İrem , OSMANOĞLU Cemil
Published: December 2023

Türkiye’de hafızlık eğitimine yönelik toplumsal ilgi artmakta ve çeşitlenmektedir. Bu talep hafızlık eğitiminde yeni uygulama ve program anlayışlarına kapı aralamıştır. İki binli yıllardan bu yana hafızlık eğitiminin genişleyen çerçevesini konu edinen akademik yayınlar da artmaktadır. Bu değişim söz konusu eğitimin problem alanları ile bunları konu edinen yayınları belli aralıklarla sistematik olarak incelemeyi gerektirmektedir. Bu tür incelemelerin hafızlık eğitiminin bilimselleşmesine katkı sağlayabileceği söylenebilir. Bu düşünceden hareketle bu araştırmada hafızlık eğitiminin problemlerini konu edinen bilimsel yayınlar ekseninde bir okuma yapılmıştır. Bu çerçevede seçilen eserler hafızlığın anlamından, yapı ve organizasyonundan, programından, öğretici, öğrenci ve velilerden kaynaklanan problemler şeklinde kategorize edilerek incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonunda geleneksel hafızlık anlayışına yaslanan tek tip hafızlık modelinin yerel ve evrensel sorun alanları ile bunun güncellenmesine dönük direnç noktaları irdelenmiş, hafızlık eğitiminin yapı ve işleyişi tartışılmıştır. Son zamanlarda geliştirilen projeler ile bu çerçevede öne çıkan uygulamaların güncellenerek daha rafine hale getirilmeye çalışıldığı, bununla beraber öğretici, öğrenci ve uygulama mekânı itibariyle çeşitli sorunlar ihtiva ettiği görülmüştür. Araştırmada etnografik verilere dayalı okumalar yanında, eylem araştırması niteliği taşıyan araştırmalara, disiplinler arası bakış açılarına ihtiyaç olduğu, bu incelemelerin iyi örneklerin daha iyi anlaşılmasına, transfer edilmesine katkısı olabileceği vurgulanmıştır.
Renal replasman tedavisi almayan evre 3-5 kronik böbrek hastalığı olan hastalarda vitamin D düzeyinin inflamatuvar parametreler ve proteinüri ile ilişkisi
Authors: DOĞRUEL Hakan , BORA Feyza , ERSOY Fettah Fevzi
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Kronik böbrek hastalığı (KBH) ve proteinürisi olanlarda artmış oksidatif stres ve inflamasyonun kardiyovasküler morbidite ve mortalite ile ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir. Vitamin D’nin (VD) organizmada birçok rolünün olduğu son yıllarda VD reseptörünün çok sayıda dokuda gösterilmesiyle anlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada KBH olan bireylerde VD düzeyinin, inflamatuvar parametreler ve proteinüri ile ilişkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Gereç-Yöntem: Çalışmaya nefroloji polikliniğinde takip edilen ve henüz renal replasman tedavisi almamış, evre 3-5 KBH hastalar arasından dahil etme kriterlerini karşılayan 314 hasta alındı. Katılımcıların verileri retrospektif ve kesitsel olarak incelendi. Demografik özellikleri, kreatinin, tahmini glomerüler filtrasyon hızı (t GFH), serum 25(OH)D3, kalsiyum, albümin, fosfor, parathormon (PTH), spot idrarda protein/kreatinin oranı, nötrofil, lenfosit, platelet, nötrofil/lenfosit oranı (NLO) ve platelet/lenfosit oranı (PLO) kaydedildi. Serum 25(OH)D3 düzeyine göre; VD eksikliği olanlar, (29 ng/ml) olmak üzere 3 grup oluşturuldu. Gruplar, inflamatuvar parametreler ve proteinüri düzeyi yönünden karşılaştırıldı. Analizler SPSS 23.0 programı ile yapıldı.

Bulgular: VD grupları arasında inflamatuvar parametreler (CRP, NLO ve PLO) açısından fark saptanmadı. Spot idrarda protein/kreatinin oranı VD eksikliği olanlarda, hem VD yetersizliği olanlardan (p:0, 007) hem de VD düzeyi normal olanlardan (p: 0,001) daha yüksekti. Ayrıca yapılan korelasyon analizinde VD düzeyi ile proteinüri arasında negative korelasyon saptandı (r: -267, p:
HAD Simülasyonlarında Ağ Yakınsama İndeksi ve Richardson Ektrapolasyonun Uygulaması: DrivAer
Authors: BAŞ Oğuz , AKAR Mustafa Atakan , ÖZALP Coskun
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada bir HAD simülasyonunda, akış alanının ağ çözünürlüğünün yeterli olup olmadığını belirlemek için yapılan ağ bağımsızlığı testlerine Richardson Ekstrapolasyonu ve ağ yakınsama indeksi (GCI) yaklaşımı uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Simülasyonlarda son yıllarda popüler hale gelen DrivAer jenerik araç geometrisi, aerodinamik sürükleme kuvveti bakımından incelenmiştir. Ansys Fluent yazılımı kullanılarak kapalı gövde fastback, estateback ve notchback modellerinin simülasyonları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ağ elemanı sayıları artırılarak oluşturulmuş üç farklı ağ çözünürlüğünün yanısıra, dördüncü bir ağ seviyesi, GCI’ inden yararlanılarak oluşturulmuş ve deneysel verilere yakınsama açısından test edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu yeni ağ seviyesi ile ağ sayısında çok fazla artışa gerek kalmadan, bütün araç modellerinde deneysel verilere kıyasla sürükleme katsayısı (C_D) için hata oranı %3’ün altına indirilmiştir.
Mikhail Novoselov in the 1880s–1890s: From Tolstoyan Movement to Mystical Experience of Knowing God
Authors: Vorontsova I. V.
Published: December 2023

Mikhail Aleksandrovich Novoselov belongs to the cultural figures of Russia, whose inquisitive mind, towards the end of the 19th century, sought new meanings in personal and social life amidst the historical and cultural modernization of Russia and later affirmed these meanings within Christianity at the beginning of the 20th century. From a young age, Mikhail Novoselov was acquainted with Leo Tolstoy, getting carried away by the writer’s works and teachings, and adopting Tolstoy’s method of seeking truth in life as a role model. The history of their relationship was etched in Mikhail Novoselov’s letters from the 1880s to 1890s, and his collection of writings, “Letters to Friends”, details Mikhail Novoselov’s struggle against the Tolstoyan movement. Leo Tolstoy’s rational approach to Christianity, though admired by many of his followers and imitators, lacked the depth of thought and fervor for religious faith in the living God. At the same time, both aspects were conveyed to the world by the institutional Christian church, which Leo Tolstoy rejected. Genuine friendly relations linked Mikhail Novoselov and Leo Tolstoy, and even feeling that Novoselov was becoming more distant from him, the writer sought and suggested religious literature to his friend. In 1903, being already a former participant of the Tolstoyan movement, Mikhail Novoselov definitively severed ties with the person he perceived as his teacher, and embarked on an independent path of knowing God. This journey led him to the Orthodox Church, and he continued guiding others spiritually, who wandered in search of truth during an era when the apologetic paradigm of Russian Orthodoxy was threatened by the pressures of irreligious humanism.
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC PHILANTHROPY IN GREEN ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT: CASE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Azwar Azwar
Published: December 2023

This study aims to describe the role of Islamic philanthropy in the development of green economy. Through a qualitative descriptive approach with literature study and content analysis methods, the study found that Islamic philanthropy has a large potential to support the green economy development through various projects and programs, such as investment and development of renewable energy, education and research, and community empowerment. The development of Islamic philanthropy to support green economy faces several challenges. However, Islamic philanthropic practices also have potential and opportunities that can be optimized in supporting green economy. Efforts are needed to increase awareness and understanding of green economy in the community and society. Furthermore, it is important to build partnerships and collaborations with non-governmental organizations in an effort to overcome resource constraints and legal complexities. Finally, capacity building within the Islamic philanthropic community through training and mentoring will strengthen capabilities in supporting green economy projects. This research contributes to enriching literacy and insight into the role of Islamic philanthropy in developing the green economy as an important issue in facing the environmental challenges and climate change facing the world today.
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN DEVELOPING SHARIAH GOVERNANCE AND SHARIAH AUDIT IN ISLAMIC COOPERATIVES
Authors: Mahmud Sabri Nur Amni , Salleh Supiah , Kamaruddin Muhammad Iqmal Hisham , Shafii Zurina , Mohd Hanefah Mustafa , Zakaria Nurazalia
Published: December 2023

The development of Shariah governance and audit in Islamic Cooperatives in Malaysia is one of the primary concerns since some issues were raised throughout the process. Islamic cooperatives in Malaysia are regulated by Suruhanjaya Koperasi Malaysia (SKM), which aims to encourage the growth of cooperatives that comply with Shariah. Islamic cooperatives operate their business under supervision from SKM regarding governance and Shariah perspective. The development of Shariah governance and Shariah audit support the Shariah compliance system that already operates in most Islamic institutions. During the Shariah governance and audit process, some issues are addressed during the development, which involves guidelines, Shariah auditor competency, staff skills, and governance and Shariah audit of the cooperative sector. The study’s approach included an interview with practitioners from cooperatives, auditors, and experts in the industry. This paper aims to identify the issues and challenges of Shariah governance and Shariah audit in the Islamic cooperative sector. The study will contribute to one of the key critical elements in strengthening the Shariah governance and Shariah audit in the cooperative sector.
CRYPTO ASSETS: THE NEED FOR SHARIAH SCREENING CRITERIA FOR DIGITAL ASSETS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Arief Jailani Muhammad , Muneeza Aishath
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the rise of crypto assets, particularly with the prominence of Bitcoin, has garnered substantial attention from investors, governmental bodies, and analysts. Digital tokens, a subset of crypto assets, have gained considerable traction as fundraising instruments through Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs), presenting a novel means of capital acquisition exempt from government or international regulation. Despite their popularity, there exists a lack of comprehensive understanding and regulatory frameworks for digital tokens, especially from a Shariah perspective. This study undertakes an exploratory approach to address the necessity of establishing Shariah screening criteria for digital assets, focusing on the Malaysian context. The study crafts a framework to guide Muslim investors in engaging with halal digital tokens by employing qualitative research methods, including unstructured interviews with experts and textual analysis of primary and secondary sources. The qualitative methodology ensures an in-depth exploration of this multifaceted subject, bridging the domains of finance and technology. The study's findings offer insights into the demand for a Shariah-compliant approach to digital tokens, with a particular emphasis on creating a framework for Initial Exchange Offerings (IEOs). This research is anticipated to contribute to the understanding of Shariah compliance for crypto assets in Malaysia, offering a valuable guide for Muslims seeking to navigate the digital asset landscape in alignment with their religious principles.
ANALYSING THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK OF i-REITS IN MALAYSIA, SINGAPORE, AND INDONESIA
Authors: Amin Nadhrah Diyanah , Mohd Aman Nurul Hafizah , Hassan Rusni
Published: December 2023

REIT, according to the Security Commission (Malaysia), is an investment that aims to invest in real estate for at least 50%. This investment can be made through two channels: direct ownership or a single-purpose company whose principal asset is real assets. Malaysia can be viewed as a model of a comprehensive framework. Indonesia has an excellent regulatory structure nearly as extensive as Malaysia's. However, there is still a lack of interest in i-REITs there, which could be attributed to a lack of knowledge about i-REITs. Sabana REIT, one of Singapore's most popular "Shariah Compliant '' REITs, has recently opted to abandon its Shariah compliance. Furthermore, the country currently has a formal legislative framework for Islamic REITs, and its governance primarily relies on the Shariah Committee of each i-REIT, which may be more difficult to achieve given that its prime model (Sabana REIT) is no longer Shariah compliant. Therefore, this study aims to further analyse if there is a difference in the development of regulations for i-REITs in Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia, along with the challenges that come from expanding investments throughout the ASEAN countries.
Perceptions of Shariah Scholars on Shariah Audit in Malaysian Takaful Industry
Authors: Mohamad Puad Noor Aimi , Abdullah Nurdianawati Irwani , Shafii Zurina
Published: December 2023

Takaful is shariah compliant insurance scheme which become an important component in the Islamic financial system in Malaysia. Takaful industry in Malaysia is relatively young compared to other sectors in the financial industry, but it has enjoyed robust growth. However, despite the robust growth, Takaful industry also continues to face several challenges such as ineffective governance practices.  Ineffective governance practice will lead to the possibility of facing shariah risk and incident of shariah risk in their activities and operation. Shariah audit function is one of the component of governance that play a role in ensuring the takaful operator to have a sound and effective internal control system of shariah compliance. This study aim to examine the shariah scholars’ perception on current shariah audit process and scope particularly in Takaful industry. Semi-structured interviews was conducted with shariah scholars who are members of the Shariah boards in various Takaful Operators. The finding discovers that there are different points of view demonstrated by the Shariah scholars. This study may provide relevant guidelines for future development of shariah audit practices in Islamic financial institutions in achieving maqasid shariah
Awareness and Perception of Nigerian Muslims in Kano State Towards Sukuk Financing
Authors: Ahmad Shamsuddeen Muhammad , Isah Umar Garba
Published: December 2023

Traditionally, capital market has been a significant source of financing for the government and private sector in Nigeria to finance their infrastructure development projects through bond issuance. Over the last decade, trillions of Nigerian Naira has been raised for the conventional bond, but not for the Islamic based bond, or sukuk to finance such development projects. In its effort at promoting Nigeria`s capital market, Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has considered the introduction of the non-interest capital market to ensure that, the market achieve its role of financing infrastructure development in the country. This paper attempts to investigate the extent to which Nigerian Muslims are aware and perceived sukuk as a viable alternative to financing infrastructural development in Nigeria. Using a convenient sampling on 200 respondents in Kano state, questionnaires were personally distributed to examine the relationship between awareness and perceptions, and the need for Islamic mode of financing in Nigeria. The result indicates a positive influence of awareness of sukuk on the perception of sukuk among Nigerian Muslims in Kano state. The study suggests the need for more enlightenment among the people by the government and other stakeholders in the market.
Socio-Economic Impact of Selected Waqf Projects: Terengganu Culinary Academy & USIM's Specialist Medical Clinic
Authors: Rosli Mohd Fazdli , Alias Prof. Dato’ Dr. Mohammad Haji , Abdul Hamid Dr. Suhaila
Published: December 2023

In Malaysia, the management of waqf has been placed under the supervision/purview of State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRC). They are the sole trustees of waqf as enshrined in the Malaysian Federal Constitution/respective State’s waqf enactments. In order to ensure the betterment of the socio-economic impact to the society by employing the awqaf mechanisms, the development of waqf either the physical or non-physical development must be under the management and purview of SIRCs. Federal agencies such as Department of Awqaf, Zakat and Hajj (JAWHAR) and Malaysian Awqaf Foundation (YWM) have helped in enhancing the potential of waqf in Malaysia. Involvement of other agencies also contributed to the success story of the waqf developments in Malaysia. Thus, this paper will focus on: firstly, the basic concepts of waqf and its legislation in Malaysia and secondly the preliminary study on the socio-economic impact of selected waqf projects. The selected waqf projects are the Terengganu Culinary Academy and USIM’s Specialist Medical Clinic (USMC). The former had been developed as joint ventures between SIRC and YWM and other agencies in the areas of education/training. We will look at the mechanism of its establishment and the socio-economic impact of the development that brings fruitful benefits thereby empowering the mawquf ‘alaih (the intended beneficiaries). The USMC is a joint cooperation between USIM and the SRIC NS which committed RM 2 million (RM 1 million as waqf grant and RM 1 million as Qardhul Hasan towards establishment of the clinic. The State Government provided funds to establish a specialist mobile clinic which facilitates medical specialists from USMC to do medical screenings of patients in rural areas.
The Classical Islamic View of Sadaqah: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Mohd Dasar Mohd Hafiz , Sujimon Prof. Dr Md. Som
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this paper is to provide a concise and brief introduction to the classical Islamic view on Sadaqah (Charity).This study is based on the Fiqh literature of the four main Sunni schools of law. The beginning of this paper defines the meaning of Sadaqah and the differences between Hibah, Sadaqah, cAriyyah and, Hadiyyah. This paper further explores the practice of Sadaqah in Rasulullah’s time and discusses the sources of Sadaqah and whether it can be obtained from illegal property or not. In addition, this paper also studies the possibility of Sadaqah property being invested by an institution or not. The conclusion of this paper highlights the similarities in meaning between Sadaqah, Hibah, cAriyyah and, Hadiyyah in general terms, but in the literal sense there are differences in terms of their purposes. This study finds that the Sadaqah property in Rasulullah’s time was movable and immovable. It was also discovered that illegal property can be donated and that Sadaqah property can be invested by an entrusted institution according to the concept of zakat which is managed by a zakat institution.
REALIZING MAQASID AL-SHARI’AH IN SHARI’AH GOVERNANCE: A CASE STUDY OF ISLAMIC BANKING INSTITUTIONS MALAYSIA
Authors: Ahmad Azmir Azri
Published: December 2023

This study explores how far the element of maqasid al-Shari’ah is realized through the practice of Shari’ah governance in Malaysia. Among the main bodies in Islamic banking institutions, Shari’ah governance plays a vital role in ensuring that all financial activities comply with Shari’ah rulings and its objective. Based on library research, this study analyzes secondary sources including books, articles and related documents to obtain a clear picture of the element of maqasid al- shari’ah in Shari’ah governance. The findings reveal that two special maqasid have been realized through the practice of Shari’ah governance in Malaysia: ensuring the viability of Islamic banking institutions and promoting transparency. While this study is limited due to the lack of empirical analysis, it could be considered as being among the preliminary studies on the topic of maqasid al-Shari’ah in Shari’ah governance.
ISLAMIC CROWDFUNDING PLATFORM AS AN ALTERNATIVE BOOK FUNDRAISING IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Kamaruddin Muhammad Huzaifah , Ishak Muhammad Shahrul Ifwat
Published: December 2023

This study aims to explore the applicability of Islamic crowdfunding as an alternative fund to support book publishing in Malaysia. Over the period, it is argued that the book industry in this country has experienced a gloomy trend that not only threatens business players in this area but most importantly it would bring negative impacts towards knowledge development. By utilizing the secondary data, it is found that the Islamic crowdfunding has the potential to support the book industry since other alternative funds are limited. However, the platform should aim to promote writers and their manuscripts rather than to be profit-oriented. At the same time, its practise should be simple as sadaqah and hibah based crowdfunding could be the best option.
LEVERAGING BLOCKCHAIN-BASED SMART CONTRACT IN ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS: ISSUE AND RELEVANT SOLUTION
Authors: Zulkepli Muhammad Izzul Syahmi , Mohamad Mohammad Taqiuddin , Azzuhri Saaidal Razalli
Published: December 2023

A blockchain-based smart contract is a computer script, stored in the blockchain network and enforced automatically based on predetermined terms, decentralised verification as well as fully accessible real-time records to all blockchain users. Smart contract innovation, with a high level of transparency and a lower risk of operational errors, offers a novel approach for more effectively implementing Shariah contracts in Islamic financial institutions. However, the immutable smart contract principle, which disallows the amendment or deletion of the code deployed in the blockchain, appears incompatible with the iḥsān criterion implemented in Islamic financial institutions’ product offerings that allow operations and terms adjustment under certain conditions, including payment rescheduling and contract restructuring facilities in financing products. This study aims to look into the concept of blockchain-based smart contracts, as well as issue related to immutable smart contract and viable solutions that align with Shariah and Islamic banking operations. The study utilised the library research to achieve the objective by referring to related literature. The qualitative data were then descriptively analysed using the conceptual content analysis method. The study’s results found that, in order to comply with the characteristics of iḥsān to implement Shariah contracts using blockchain-based smart contract technology, the programmer should first write flexible code rather than fixed code, and the upgradable proxy contract should be well applied in the creation of the smart contract code.
THE SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC REITS AND THEIR SOCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS: MALAYSIA AS CASE STUDY.
Authors: Lemhishi Mohamed
Published: December 2023

The institutions that are committed to the Islamic tenets logically have got general sustainableperformance and positive social impacts. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the sustainability inMalaysian Islamic REITs’ performance in terms of dividends distributions, net profit and shareprice. Also, discovering the social contributions of them that often is link to the materialperformance. The methodology will include a mixed quantitative and qualitative case studyapproach to assess the performance and social responsibility of Listed IREITs in BursaMalaysia through a modelling set of questions. From the findings, two main different trendscan be highlighted (improving & deteriorating) relating to Malaysian IREITs' performance.The golden start-up period of Malaysian IREITs persisted only for 5 years in terms of theirpositive financial performance, which it reflected an increase in the net income and raise in theshare price of each fund of them. After 5 to 6 years from the inception, the negative financialperformance generally was noticed especially in share price. Moreover, it can be said thatMalaysian Islamic Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) do not make a positive socialcontribution based on the social responsibility activities mentioned in their annual reports. Theimplication is that social responsibility plays a fundamental role in the performance of IslamicREITs (IREITs), and this study highlights the importance of considering their social impacts,which have often been overlooked in previous studies focusing mainly on financialperformance.
Application of Sustainable Architectural Design Principles to Enhance Ecotourism in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Atamewan Eugene Ehimatie
Published: December 2023

Architecture transcends all aspect of human endeavours including its relationship with place, culture, recreation, and nature/historic sites of a people which contributes to its tourism potentials. But ecotourism is sustainable enhances natural ecological attraction, their conservation and development through sustainable architectural planning frameworks. This paper aimed at exploring and enhancing the ecotourism potential of Agbokim and Kwa falls in Cross River State Nigeria as case studies through provision of attractive infrastructure and landscaping associated with architecture. The methodology of study used was qualitative case study method with the use of interviews, observations through visitation, and review of literature respectively. The analysis was carried out using inferential statistics in table for presentations. The study revealed that both Kwa falls and Agbakim waterfall sites in Cross River State, Nigeria was not fused with architecture, for development as attractive tourism and historic sites that can boost the tourism potential of any place. The study emphasized the need to develop and maintain these historic and nature-given sites using sustainable architectural design practices to enhance their ecotourism values/potentials that will attract millions of tourists to the sites and be recognized by World Tourism Organization (WTO) and UNESCO as tourist sites respectively.
Landslide Risk Assessment and Preventive Measures of Selected Locations in the Rangamati District, Bangladesh
Authors: Santo Saif Ahmed , Haque Md. Ehsanul , Fariha Akhi Sultana , Hossain A. S. M. Fahad , Ansary Mehedi Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Detecting landslides and unstable slopes is one of the most crucial responsibilities in the emergency response to resist landslides. Having a wide range of hilly terrines in the southeast region of Bangladesh, the risk of landslide disasters is becoming a critical issue. In Chittagong, especially in the Rangamati hill tracts, there have been several losses of life and property due to landslides in the recent past. This research attempts to evaluate the landslide risk in Rangamati hill tracts and provide suggestions to mitigate the landslide hazard by modifying the hill slope. Soil specimens from different hill locations were collected from three areas in the Rangamati district. Several laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the soil properties, and 2D slope stability analysis using Bishop's simplified method was used to evaluate the landslide potential. Different preventative measures, for example, soil nailing, anchors, and cutting slopes like stairs, are also implemented to mitigate the landslide potential by increasing the slope stability was assessed and suggested. Weighted Overlay Model (W.O.M.) was implemented for the Landslide Susceptibility Analysis in ArcGIS to confirm the potential hazard in the study areas, and hazard maps were suggested based on the slope stability results and current slopes in Rangamati. The slope stability analysis of the three spots showed that spot 3 is the most vulnerable spot, which had a low factor of safety value. Even with different mitigation techniques, spot 3 showed a lower factor of safety value, which was verified with the Weighted Overlay Method. It was also seen that among the mitigation techniques, anchoring the slopes is the most effective one that drastically increases the factor of safety value.
The Development and Application of MTPA Calibration Method Based on INCA FLOW and MATLAB
Authors: Liu Zhijun , Huang Renyi , Zhuo Xiaoyan , Chen Kailiang , Li Guanglan
Published: December 2023

Article
The Development and Application of MTPA Calibration Method Based on INCA FLOW and MATLAB

Zhijun Liu 1,2, Renyi Huang 1,*, Xiaoyan Zhuo 1, Kailiang Chen 1, and Guanglan Li 1

1 Liuzhou Saike Technology Development Co., Ltd., Liuzhou 545005, China
2 Liuzhou Key Laboratory of Electrified Powertrain Electronic Control, Liuzhou 545005, China
* Correspondence: renyi.huang@foxmail.com
 
 
Received: 20 July 2023
Accepted: 6 November 2023
Published: 28 November 2023
 

Abstract: In industrial applications, the maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control algorithm typically employs an offline look-up table (LUT) method instead of an online MTPA control method to reduce the online computational resources. However, the LUT method has some drawbacks, such as heavy testing workload, longer cycles, and cumbersome data processing, significantly diminishing the efficiency of MTPA data acquisition. To address the limitations of the LUT method, this study proposes an automatic MTPA calibration method combining INCA FLOW and MATLAB. The calibration efficiency and data accuracy are improved by utilizing INCA FLOW for automatic MTPA testing and MATLAB for data processing. An experimental test bench was constructed to evaluate the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate that this method efficiently performs MTPA data testing and visualizes the results. Compared with the traditional manual MTPA calibration method, this method achieves a 320% improvement in calibration efficiency. The main technical contribution of this study is the introduction of the automatic MTPA calibration method that not only optimizes data accuracy but also enhances calibration efficiency.
Optical Study on Soot Formation of Ethanol/ hydrogenated Catalytic Biodiesel/octanol Blends
Authors: Zhou Shufa , Zhong Wenjun , Pachiannan Tamilselvan , Liu Qing , Yan Feibin , Chen Jiafeng , He Zhixia , Wang Qian
Published: December 2023

Article
Optical Study on Soot Formation of Ethanol/hydrogenated Catalytic Biodiesel/octanol Blends

Shufa Zhou 1, Wenjun Zhong 1,*, Tamilselvan Pachiannan 2, Qing Liu 1, Feibin Yan 1, Jiafeng Chen 1, Zhixia He 2, and Qian Wang 1

1 School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
2 Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
* Correspondence: wj_zhong@ujs.edu.cn
 
 
Received: 5 September 2023
Accepted: 2 November 2023
Published: 28 November 2023
 

Abstract: The incorporation of alcohol-based fuel is pivotal in attenuating soot emissions arising from highly reactive hydrocarbon-based fuels. To elucidate the mechanism through which ethanol curtails soot formation in hydrogenated biodiesel, an experimental inquiry was undertaken by employing the high-frequency background light extinction technique within a constant volume combustion chamber system. The primary objective of this study was to scrutinize the impact of blending ethanol with highly reactive fuel on soot generation. Empirical evidence shows that ethanol, owing to its substantial oxygen content, has the potential to facilitate soot oxidation. Incorporating ethanol effectively diminishes soot formation in aspects of quantity, rate, and area. The initial time and location of soot formation increase as the ethanol blending ratio increases. The influence of latent heat of evaporation and Cetane Number on the initial time and location of soot formation varies with distinct environmental temperatures. At 750 K, the latent heat of evaporation exhibits a more pronounced influence in contrast to the Cetane Number. As the temperature rises, the Cetane Number gradually becomes more influential. At a temperature of 825 K and an oxygen content of 21%, the E30H60O10 blend shows an increase of 21.2% and 21.4% in the initial time and location of soot formation, respectively, compared to the E15H75O10 mix. Furthermore, there is a reduction of 75.8% in the total soot mass.
Experimental Study on Low-Temperature Oxidation Characteristics and Ignition Boundary Conditions of Gasoline/Hydrogenated Catalytic Biodiesel
Authors: Lai Sicheng , Zhong Wenjun , Pachiannan Tamilselvan , He Zhixia , Wang Qian
Published: December 2023

Article
Experimental Study on Low-Temperature Oxidation Characteristics and Ignition Boundary Conditions of Gasoline/Hydrogenated Catalytic Biodiesel

Sicheng Lai 1, Wenjun Zhong 1,*, Tamilselvan Pachiannan 2,3, Zhixia He 1,2, and Qian Wang 1

1 School of Energy Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
2 Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
3 School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
* Correspondence: wj_zhong@ujs.edu.cn
 
 
Received: 25 September 2023
Accepted: 8 December 2023
Published: 14 December 2023
 

Abstract: This study investigates the ignition characteristics of Hydrogenated Catalytic Biodiesel (HCB) with pure gasoline, and diesel. The experiment aims to enhance the ignition characteristics of gasoline fuel by blending it with high-reactivity HCB. It provides experimental data for the fuel blends and offers dependable support for gasoline compression ignition mode applications. To achieve this, the ignition characteristics of various fuels were studied on a variable compression ratio test bench. Experiments were conducted by varying the equivalence ratio and intake temperature of the fuel blends. By analyzing CO emissions and the maximum in-cylinder temperature, we investigated the low-temperature oxidation characteristics of the fuels. Simultaneously, we identified the critical compression ratio and critical temperature as indicators of the ignition boundaries. Finally, this study examined the heat release behavior of the fuels at low temperatures and discussed their combustion characteristics under high-temperature conditions through the heat release rate analysis. The study indicates that with the increase of HCB in the blend, the low-temperature oxidation characteristics are significantly enhanced. However, the ignition boundaries are lowered, and more pronounced secondary heat release combustion behavior is observed. When the blending ratio reaches 50% namely G50H50, it exhibits low-temperature oxidation characteristics and a secondary heat release rate similar to diesel. Their critical compression ratios are 6.8 and 6.5, and the critical temperatures are 838.74 K and 881.41 K respectively. Hence the G50H50 blend holds the potential to serve as a substitute for diesel fuel in compression ignition engines. The increase in intake temperature and equivalence ratio can also enhance low-temperature oxidation characteristics and lower the ignition boundaries. Simultaneously, they exert a certain influence on the peak and phase of the heat release rate.
Recent Progress in Energy Management of Connected Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Min Hua , Bin Shuai , Quan Zhou , Wang Jinhai , He Yinglong , Xu Hongming
Published: December 2023

Review Recent Progress in Energy Management of Connected Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using Reinforcement Learning Min Hua 1, Bin Shuai 1,2, ∗ , Quan Zhou 1, Jinhai Wang 1, Yinglong He 3, and Hongming Xu 1 1 School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK 2 School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 3 School of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU27XH, UK * Correspondence: shuaib@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn     Received: 29 August 2023 Accepted: 11 December 2023 Published: 19 December 2023   Abstract: The growing adoption of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) presents a transformative opportunity for revolutionizing transportation energy systems. The shift towards electrifying transportation aims to curb environmental concerns related to fossil fuel consumption. This necessitates efficient energy management systems (EMS) to optimize energy efficiency. The evolution of EMS from HEVs to connected hybrid electric vehicles (CHEVs) represent a pivotal shift. For HEVs, EMS now confronts the intricate energy cooperation requirements of CHEVs, necessitating advanced algorithms for route optimization, charging coordination, and load distribution. Challenges persist in both domains, including optimal energy utilization for HEVs, and cooperative eco-driving control (CED) for CHEVs across diverse vehicle types. Reinforcement learning (RL) stands out as a promising tool for addressing these challenges. Specifically, within the realm of CHEVs, the application of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) emerges as a powerful approach for effectively tackling the intricacies of CED control. Despite extensive research, few reviews span from individual vehicles to multi-vehicle scenarios. This review bridges the gap, highlighting challenges, advancements, and potential contributions of RL-based solutions for future sustainable transportation systems.
Dampak Oligopoli Dan Industri Modern Terhadap Masyarakat
Authors: Riska Intan Pramitaning Tyas  , Muhammad Yasin
Published: December 2023

Oligopoly is a form of imperfect market competition where the supply of a product is controlled by a number of companies. In general the number of companies is more than two but less than ten. Each company decides its own policy and all company actions as price changes will be taken into account by other companies, because every company in the market believes in the policy of a company. This business will affect the income and profits of other businesses. In an oligopoly market, each company positions itself as part of a market game so that its profit base is based on the behavior of its competitors. So all promotional efforts, advertising, new product introductions, price changes, etc. This is done with the aim of luring consumers away from competitors. The main cause of this oligopoly is the successful management of business operations to achieve economies of scale which leads to the effectiveness and success of sales promotions in the long term, because it will increase market share. Oligopoly activities are often with the aim of inhibiting potential business participation in the market. More than that, it also aims to enjoy normal profits below the maximum by setting a limited selling price so that price competition between business actors who carry out an oligopoly does not exist.
COMPARISON BETWEEN AUTOREFRACTION AND RETINOSCOPY FOR SUBJECTIVE CORRECTION IN CHILDREN
Authors: YAR MA , ZAHID AH , NAWAB R , RAO MRQ , AADIL N , HUSSAIN S
Published: December 2023

The study's objective was to compare the accuracy of retinoscopy and autorefraction for subjective correction in children. The study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology at Nishtar Medical Hospital from June 2021 to May 2022, and it was a prospective study. The study included 60 children aged between 6 to 15 years who had asthenopic symptoms and blurring of vision. The children were given cyclopentolate 1% eyedrops thrice at intervals of 10 minutes to achieve cycloplegia. After an hour of instilling eye drops, cycloplegic retinoscopy, and autorefractometry were performed. Three values of each technique were recorded, and the average was calculated. After three days, binocular and monocular subjective refraction was performed until the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was achieved. Results showed that 40.8% (49 eyes) were hypermetric, and 50% (60 eyes) were myopic based on subjective refraction. Comparison of spherical error by subjective refraction and retinoscopy showed that myopic eyes had a mean of -1.36 ± .98 and -1.08± .82 on subjective correction and retinoscopy, respectively (P=.07), and hypermetropic eyes had a mean of 2.5± .22 and 2.45± .22 on subjective correction and retinoscopy, respectively (P=0.07). Comparison of spherical error by subjective refraction and autorefractometer showed myopic eyes had a mean value of -1.51 ± 1.3 on autorefraction (P=.0001) while hypermetropic eyes had a mean of 2.39± .37 on autorefraction (P=0.0001). Mean cylindrical error values by retinoscopy were -.0729± .304, and by the subjective method, were -.167± .384 (P =0.0007). Mean cylindrical error values by autorefraction were .207± .487 compared to -.167± .384 by the subjective method (P =0.0088). In conclusion, conventional retinoscopy is the most accurate and reliable method for estimating the refractive status. However, autorefraction also has acceptable accuracy and can be used for cylindrical correction.
Iconography from A Cross-cultural Perspective: Comparison of Expressions in Chinese and European Art
Authors: Liu Ziqi
Published: December 2023

In the context of contemporary globalization, art, as a medium that crosses cultural boundaries, is becoming an important tool for people to communicate and express across geographical and language restrictions. The diversity of visual expressions and aesthetic concepts in different cultural backgrounds brings unique charm and richness to artistic creation. China and Europe, as two civilizations with long histories and profound cultural traditions, have rich creations and expressions in the field of art, and each has formed a unique iconography system. By comparing the cultural contrast and expression differences between China and Europe in the field of iconography, we can not only deeply explore the cultural connotation behind art, but also understand the aesthetic concepts of different cultures and their impact on visual language.This article aims to deeply explore the comparison and differences between Chinese and European iconography from a cross-cultural perspective.
Simple and general methods to identify terrestrial planets
Authors: Li Yuanlin
Published: December 2023

This paper has introduced and examined some methods to generally distinguish whether an exoplanet is terrestrial, with the help of available data. These methods include analysing the exoplanet's orbital period, size, distance from the star, and density. By comparing these properties with the known characteristics of terrestrial planets, we can make an informed judgment about whether an exoplanet is terrestrial or not. Using the transit method, we can find an exoplanet and determine its orbital period and size. By applying Kepler's Third Law together with the radial velocity method, we can calculate the star-planet distance and the planet's density, respectively. However, it is important to note that these methods have their limitations and uncertainties. The transit method is limited by the probability of observing a transit due to randomly oriented planet systems, and the radial velocity method is only highly receptive to detecting massive planets in close proximity to the stars they orbit. Additionally, certain astrophysical phenomena can lead to false positives in exoplanet detection. Despite these limitations, the methods presented in this paper provide a foundation for determining the likelihood of an exoplanet being terrestrial. As technology advances and our understanding of exoplanets expands, we will continue to refine these methods and develop new ones, improving our ability to explore terrestrial planets and potentially discover life beyond our solar system.
Exploring the relationship between mortality and potential risk factors in US 50 states: A population perspective using partial least squares and geographically weighted regression models
Authors: Guo Chang
Published: December 2023

While Alzheimer's disease becomes prevalent in elder population and attracts investment of thousands of billions for its research, its pathogenesis remains unknown. The relationship between multiple potential risk factors (Overall Health, Caregiving, cognitive decline, Nutrition/Physical Activity/Obesity, Screenings and Vaccines, mental health, Smoking and Alcohol Use) and Alzheimer's disease mortality in the 50 US states in 2020 was explored by developing multiple linear regression models, partial least squares regression models, and geographically weighted regression models in this article. In this experiment, through multiple linear regression models, we found eight significant demographic indicator variables, and to solve the covariance problem, we successfully constructed the pls model, and using the regression coefficients in the equation, we screened out the most important variables for the model, TOC06 and sex. In addition, we then explored the characteristics of the spatial distribution of mortality in Alzheimer's disease according to TOC06 and sex variables using the GWR model.
Real time object recognition based on YOLO model
Authors: Guan Zeyu
Published: December 2023

With the rapid development of computer technology, the concept of computer vision has been proposed. Since then, many object recognition methods have been developed to lay the foundation for computer vision. Object recognition is vital in various computer vision applications, such as autonomous driving, surveillance systems, robotics, and other areas. The You Only Look Once (YOLO) model has gained significant attention due to its ability to achieve real-time object detection and localization in images and videos. This paper comprehensively reviews real-time object recognition based on the YOLO model. We discuss the YOLO architecture's underlying principles and advantages over traditional object detection methods. Then, according to the article by Joseph Redmon, the inventor of YOLO, the benefits of each version of the YOLO model and the performance optimization compared to the previous work are briefly introduced in the order of release. Furthermore, this paper explores its applications in different domains.
Principles, development, and utilization of silicon-based solar cell
Authors: Wang Ruiqi , Wang Jiaxin , Xiao Yuhan , Gan Zejun , Wang Huiqi
Published: December 2023

Photovoltaic technology is a technology that uses the photoelectric conversion properties of semiconductor materials to convert solar energy into electricity. Photovoltaic technology is a kind of renewable energy technology that does not produce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions and has many application prospects. According to data, from 1985 to 2017, the cumulative total installed photovoltaic capacity globally exceeded 400 GW and is expected to grow in the next few years. Photovoltaic technology has become an essential part of renewable energy worldwide. Photovoltaic cells are the core equipment of photovoltaic technology. There are mainly monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon, amorphous silicon, organic solar cells, and other types. Among them, monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells have high photoelectric conversion efficiency, but high cost, mainly used in high-end applications; Polysilicon photovoltaic cells are cost-effective and used primarily in large-scale photovoltaic power station construction; Photovoltaic technology can also be used in mobile chargers, solar streetlights, solar pumps, and other aspects. In addition, photovoltaic technology also has a wide range of application prospects in urban rail transit, automobiles, robots, and other fields also appear. Although photovoltaic technology has many advantages, there are still some problems, such as panel cost, reliability, stability, and storage of photovoltaic power generation. Solving these problems requires continuous upgrading and development of technology. With the progress of technology and the support of policies, it is believed that photovoltaic technology will continue to develop and make more significant contributions to global energy transformation and sustainable development.
Predicting cryptocurrency investment suitability using machine learning techniques
Authors: Song Xiaoke
Published: December 2023

The study aims to predict the close prices of four different cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethere-um, Dogecoin, and Cardano) using machine learning techniques and determine which of these cryptocurrencies is suitable for investment. To achieve this goal, we used two popular gradi-ent boosting algorithms: Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Light Gradient-Boosting Machine (LightGBM). Prediction accuracy of the trained model is evaluated by Mean Abso-lute Error (MAE) generated by the methodology of Cross-Validation. Our results show that both XGBoost and LightGBM can effectively predict the close prices of the four cryptocur-rencies, with LightGBM achieving slightly better performance in terms of prediction accura-cy. Based on our analysis, we were able to identify which cryptocurrencies were suitable for investing and provide recommendations for potential investors. Overall, our study highlights the potential of machine learning techniques in predicting cryptocurrency close prices and identifying suitable investment opportunities.