bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semantyka sfery publicznej na przełomie XVIII i XIX w.
Authors: Wesołowski Adrian
Published: October 2024

Celem poniższego artykułu jest wykazanie, że na przełomie XVIII i XIX wieku doszło do modernizacji języka związanego ze sferą publiczną. Polski dyskurs wykształcił wtedy nowe pojęcia, które miały uchwycić społeczną i kulturową zmianę, a sens istniejących fraz zawierających przymiotnik „publiczny” rozszerzył się tak, aby objąć nowe pole semantyczne. Za pomocą omówienia tego przesunięcia znaczeniowego, poniższy tekst dowodzi, że polska publicystyka była wrażliwa na zmiany w sposobie, w jaki Polacy wyobrażali sobie sferę publiczną i związane z nią zjawiska.
Korespondencja Krakowa z Toruniem w XIV–XV wieku
Authors: Starzyński Marcin , Girsztowt-Biskup Aleksandra
Published: October 2024

Artykuł mieści edycję (wraz z komentarzem krytycznym) 26 niedrukowanych dotąd listów pisanych przez radę miasta Krakowa oraz mieszczan krakowskich do rady Starego Miasta Torunia od końca XIV do końca XV stulecia. Pozwala ona na wgląd w stosunki handlowe pomiędzy tymi ośrodkami ze znacznie bliższej prespektywy niż ta, którą wyznaczają teksty kolejnych przywilejów handlowych, omówione przez autorów we wprowadzeniu, w którym nakreślono dzieje relacji handlowych Krakowa i Torunia. Zbiór ten stanowi cenne uzupełnienie starszych edycji korespondencji władz średniowiecznego Krakowa z Bardiowem, Koszycami i Norymbergą.
Henryk Jabłoński jako promotor we wspomnieniach Andrzeja Paczkowskiego. Przyczynek do biografii konformisty
Authors: Girzyński Zbigniew
Published: October 2024

Prof. Andrzej Paczkowski należy do najbardziej cenionych polskich badaczy zajmujących się historią XX wieku. Zarówno swoją pracę magisterską jak i doktorat napisał pod kierunkiem znanego w czasach rządów komunistycznych w Polsce historyka i polityka Henryka Jabłońskiego. Henryk Jabłoński przez cały okres funkcjonowania Polskiej Rzeczpospolitej Ludowej należał do elity politycznej ówczesnej władzy. Jednocześnie jako historyk był promotorem prac naukowych (magisterskich i doktorskich) wielu wówczas rozpoczynających swoją przygodę z nauką badaczy. Jednym z jego uczniów był prof. Andrzej Paczkowski. Prezentowany tekst jest zapisem wspomnień prof. Paczkowskiego o Henryku Jabłońskim.
Spartanie po godzinach.
Authors: Sprawski Sławomir
Published: October 2024

Artykuł dotyczy książki Sebastiana Rajewicza Schole. Czas wolny w Sparcie epoki klasycznej (Warszawa 2022). Podjęto w niej próbę weryfikacji szeroko rozpowszechnionej opinii, że życie obywateli Sparty było skoncentrowane na przygotowaniach do wojny i wypełnianiu innych obowiązków nałożonych przez państwo. Analiza materiału źródłowego odnoszącego się do epoki klasycznej wykazała, że na codzienne obowiązkowe zajęcia Spartanie, którzy ukończyli trzydziesty roku życia, poświęcali tylko kilka godzin dziennie. Większość dnia mogli poświęcić na prywatne aktywności, które w istotny sposób nie różniły się od zajęć czasu wolnego zamożnych obywateli innych greckich poleis.  W artykule przedstawiono główne tezy monografii wskazując na ich podstawę źródłową oraz konfrontując je z opiniami wyrażonymi w literaturze przedmiotu.
Pregnancy and supplementation of vitamins and mineral compounds
Authors: Gawryszczak Samanta , Górska Justyna , Gliwa Anna , Halczuk Izabela , Stachura Bartłomiej , Nowak Katarzyna
Published: October 2024

Introduction and purpose
Proper nutrition and appropriately chosen supplementation during pregnancy significantly ensure a healthy pregnancy and fetal development. Both nutrient deficiencies and excesses can have negative health effects on both the mother and the child. This article discusses specific active substances that are particularly important in supplementation of pregnant women. The aim of the study is to describe the current state of knowledge about the importance of adequate supply of vitamins and minerals compounds during pregnancy, in order to increase women's awareness and encourage improvement in dietary habits.
Material and methods of research
For this study, a review of literature available on Google Scholar and PubMed was conducted. From the analysis, studies published before 2017 were excluded.
State of knowledge
Based on the current state of knowledge, we know that the nutrition of pregnant women undergoes partial modifications. To ensure a healthy pregnancy, there is an increased energy demand in the body, making appropriate weight gain crucial. Routine use of multivitamin supplements is not recommended for pregnant women, as a balanced diet should be the primary source of macronutrients, micronutrients, and vitamins. Key components that are used in supplementation for pregnant women in specific cases include iron, folic acid, vitamin D, DHA acids, and iodine.
Conclusions
This work emphasizes the significant impact of proper nutrition and appropriately selected supplementation in pregnant women on reducing the risk of various pregnancy complications and fetal developmental disorders. It highlights the importance of deficiencies and excesses of vitamins and minerals compounds in the diet of women during the preconception period, all trimesters of pregnancy and lactation.
Healthcare support worker recognition event: introduction
Authors: Chamberlain Sarah
Published: October 2024

This article provides an overview of what healthcare assistants need to understand about equality and diversity, the fourth standard of the care certificate.
Different DNA Barcoding Techniques in Forensic Botany: A Review
Authors: Behura Nisruti Anuja , Kothakota Naga Jogayya , Bashar Sheerin , Vataparthi Pravallika
Published: October 2024

After a through literature review it was found that significant supporting evidences can be obtained through forensic botany in the course of criminal investigations. Nevertheless, this field of inquiry remains underutilized, as its most prevalent use is restricted to the identification of specific and suspected illicit plants. Plant evidences gathered at the crime scene could be a crucial piece in gathering information such as the suspect's route tracing, establishing links between crime scenes and suspects, examining alibis, identification of a narcotic plant and identifying rare or endangered species, determination of geographic locations of plant varieties etc. Conventional morphological attributes prove inadequate for the identification and species-level differentiation of numerous plant materials in instances where botanical specimens are degraded and devoid of physical characteristics. Because of this reason there is a need to rely on molecular techniques where identification will be solely based on analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the genome of the plants. Several studies have demonstrated the successful use of chloroplast DNA and its various barocode regions for taxon/species level identification of the different botanic evidences. Coding and non-coding regions of plastosome like rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA, trnL-trnF and their multiple combinations have helped in identifying Santalum species, Paphiopedilum species, Aloe species, woody plants and medicinal herbaceous plants. The technique of DNA barcoding is efficient, rapid, and precise when it comes to identifying plant species by examining the base sequences found in the genome (chloroplast, mitochondria or nuclear genome). In this review article we have collected manuscripts on application of DNA barcoding using chloroplast DNA barcode regions for species identification in plants.
Spectroscopic Method Development and Validation for Lasmiditan Quantification in Bulk and its Tablet Formulations
Authors: Pasha Syed Imam , Koneru Anupama
Published: October 2024

A simpler, economical visible spectroscopic procedure for determining the value of Lasmiditan in bulk active pharmaceutical ingredients and its formulation is developed. It is used in the acute treatment of migraines. Lasmiditan helps reduce the risk of vasoconstriction, making Lasmiditan a suitable option for patients with cardiovascular conditions. The absorption maximum was found to be 626 nm. As per Beer Lambert’s law, the linearity was in the 10-50 µg/ml concentration range. Validation parameters such as Molar absorptivity, Accuracy, Precision, and Sandal’s sensitivity were within the regulated limits. The Percentage Relative Standard Deviation was less than 10% and the average recovery was 98%. This quantitative analytical method is used in quality control laboratories, bulk drugs, and formulation industries.
A Comprehensive Review and Insight into the Latest Advancements in Nanotechnology
Authors: Patel Binit , Darji Pravinkumar , Fnu Praneeth Ivan Joel , Nalla Seshadri , Khatri Viratkumar , Parikh Shalin
Published: October 2024

Nanotechnology is an innovative field focused on manipulating matter at the molecular and atomic scale, typically below 100 nanometers. It enables the design, creation, and application of systems with enhanced properties due to nanoscale precision. Molecular nanotechnology (MNT) integrates engineering with molecular chemistry and physics, offering substantial advancements in medicine, environmental cleanup, and other fields. Significant milestones include the invention of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) in 1981 and Eric Drexler's popularization of the field with his book "Engines of Creation." Nanotechnology has revolutionized medicine with improved drug delivery systems, diagnostic tools, and medical imaging. In environmental science, it has enabled advanced filtration systems and pollution control methods. Different types of nanoparticles, such as metal, semiconductor, polymeric, lipid, carbon-based, and magnetic nanoparticles, have unique properties and applications across various industries. Despite its benefits, nanotechnology raises health and environmental concerns, leading to the emergence of nanotoxicology and nanomedicine to study and mitigate hazards. The evolution of nanotechnology has significantly impacted healthcare, electronics, energy, and materials. Regulatory challenges and health concerns present obstacles to commercialization, requiring collaborative efforts and proactive risk management.
State of Adenosine Deaminase in Patients with Dyslipidemia
Authors: Yadav Amit Kumar , Khan Saba , Chowdhry Shubhra , Srivastava Rohit Kumar , Alam Roshan , Khan Mohammad Mustufa
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: Background: Dyslipidemia is becoming more common across all age groups mainly in young individuals because of imbalanced diets, low physical activity, and sedentary work culture. Several studies reported that elevated serum adenosine deaminase activity was associated with dyslipidemia, but the results were not consistent. Aim: It is aimed to correlate adenosine deaminase and lipid profile parameters in patients with dyslipidemia. Material and Methods: In this case-control study, a total of 60 subjects (30 diagnosed dyslipidemia patients and 30 age and gender-matched healthy individuals) were enrolled. Serum lipid profile parameters and adenosine deaminase levels were estimated in each subject. Results: The mean levels of lipid profiles, mainly triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and adenosine deaminase, were found to be significantly high, while high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was found significantly low in cases than controls (p <0.001). adenosine deaminase has not shown any significant correlation with lipid profile parameters in patients with dyslipidemia and controls. Conclusion: The result showed that the serum adenosine deaminase and serum lipid profile levels were altered in patients with dyslipidemia.
Development of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Donepezil Hydrochloride Effective Nose to Brain Delivery
Authors: Thete Rohit , Shevalkar Ganesh , Borse Laxmikant
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: This study focuses on the development and evaluation of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for the efficient intranasal delivery of donepezil hydrochloride. The NLCs were prepared using the microemulsion technique. Each excipient used in the formulation was thoroughly evaluated for stability, assessing factors such as color change, phase separation, precipitation, and texture. Characterization of the NLCs included the construction of a pure calibration curve, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and the IR analysis of physical mixtures. The donepezil hydrochloride-loaded NLCs were then incorporated into a thermosensitive gel using Pluronic F127, which was also prepared using the microemulsion technique. The NLCs were further characterized by evaluating their zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and particle size. The thermosensitive gel's properties were assessed by measuring the gelation temperature and viscosity. Drug release studies were conducted using a dialysis membrane to compare the release profiles of the pure drug, donepezil-HCl-loaded NLCs, and the NLC-loaded thermosensitive gel, focusing on their potential for controlled drug release.
Exploring Nanoparticles: Types, Advantages, Challenges, and Applications in Drug Delivery and Technology
Authors: Kadam Mamata S. , Nemade Lalita S. , Pithalekar Sagar R. , Mahadik Manasi V. , Burunkar Vivek
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: Recently the use of particulate systems, such as nanoparticles, has physically altered and improved the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of many different types of pharmaceutical compounds. They have been used in vivo to protect the drug entity in systemic circulation, restrict drug access to the desired locations, and deliver the drug at a steady and controlled rate to the site of action. Without a doubt, the size of medication delivery research is getting smaller and smaller. Nanotechnologies are therefore emerging as a field in medicine that promises to produce significant therapeutic benefits. One of the most challenging issues facing the pharmaceutical business is the development of effective, small delivery devices that can safely and accurately deliver a medication to a designated site of action. They are working to reformulate the blockbuster drugs that are presently on the market and add new indications in order to maintain valuable scientific findings and therapeutic advancements. Nano emulsions, liposomes, and lipid or polymeric nanoparticles are the fundamental elements of nano delivery systems.
EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF THE ACUTE MEDICAL REGISTRAR IN ORTHOPAEDICS
Authors: Jennings A.M. , Dalgleish S. , Baines C.
Published: October 2024

This project hoped to evaluate a new role, encompassing an in-hours registrar physician being based on the orthopaedic wards for advice, patient reviews, and patient journey optimisation. This service aimed to provide input for all patients who required them outwith the already established ortho-geriatric service.

The success of this role was assessed through feedback questionnaires, as well as through the auditing of functional indicators such as the burden on the on-call orthopaedic registrar and other departments for advice from junior doctors, plus the number of medical emergencies.

The survey received a total of 42 responses from various staff roles. All respondents thought the role had improved patient care or the functioning of the department. Respondents thought the role primarily enhanced patient care and safety and led to increased support for junior doctors and nursing staff. Data showed a 44% reduction in medical emergency calls since the role began. Total calls outwith the department for medical support reduced by 100% in hours and 50% out of hours when analysed over 22 days. Over a 14 day period, calls to the on-call orthopaedic registrar also reduced by 100% in hours, with no significant difference out of hours.

This role has improved patient care and safety and allowed faster medical support with reduced impact on orthopaedic and general medical services. Feedback has been very positive from all staff. The major limitation is lack of 24 hour support. Next steps will include expanding the role, as well as introduction of framework for professional development.
ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE DISGUISED AS PATELLAR INSTABILITY: A COMMON MISS
Authors: Warren C. , Campbell N. , Wallace D. , Mahmood F.
Published: October 2024

Patellar dislocation is a common presentation with a clear management pathway. Sometimes, however, what a patient experiences as the patella dislocating may, in fact, be ACL insufficiency.

We reviewed case notes and imaging of 315 consecutive ACL reconstructions, collecting data on the date and mechanism of injury, time to MRI, and reconstruction. We noted cases initially diagnosed as patellar dislocation.

25 of 315 (7.9%) patients were initially diagnosed with a patellar dislocation. Subsequently, however, MRI scans revealed no evidence of patellar dislocation and instead showed ACL rupture with pathognomonic pivot-shift bony oedema. The false patella dislocation group were 32% female and had an average age of 25; the rest of the group average age was 27.1 and there were a lower proportion of females; 21%. The false patella instability patients had a median waiting time of 412 days from injury to operation (range: 70-2445 days), compared to 392 days (range: 9 – 4212 days) for rest of the patients. 5 of the remaining 290 had MRIs showing patella oedema with medial patello-femoral ligament injury in addition to their ACL rupture.

From our literature search this is a new finding which shows that ACL rupture can present with symptoms suggestive of patellar dislocation. These findings raise the risk that there are a group of people who have been diagnosed with patellar instability who instead have ACL insufficiency and so are at risk of meniscal and chondral damage. Further research should analyse those diagnosed with patellar instability to quantify missed ACL injuries.
Policy engagement as ‘empowered representation’: democratic mediation through a participatory research project on climate resilience
Authors: Piper Laurence , Black Gillian F. , Petersen Leif , Dick Liezl , Wilson Anna , Mpofu-Mketwa Tsitsi
Published: October 2024

Background:

The article analyses the policy engagement component of a research project on climate resilience in vulnerable communities that took place in Cape Town, South Africa. Conducted in 2022, the engagement included community and stakeholder events in three research sites, and a cross-cutting policy event with municipal officials, held at the end of the project. Importantly, this policy engagement process occurred in a context of political marginalisation, that is, one characterised by low trust, and little meaningful representation or even communication between these vulnerable communities and the city.

Aims and objectives:

This article examines the impact of policy engagement on political relations between local government and vulnerable communities.

Methods:

The overall methodology of the article is qualitative, using an illustrative case-study research design to unpack the subjective experiences of both government officials and residents of vulnerable communities. Primary data included many primary documents, direct observation of the engagements and post-event interviews.

Findings:

First, the engagement process created new ‘invented’ spaces for the representation of community perspectives to the city, and the city’s perspective to the community. Second, the engagement facilitated community self-representation through educating community members to advocate for their ideas in these new invented spaces. Third, this engagement tended to be more constructive and deliberative than polarising and confrontational.

Discussion and conclusions:

Drawing on the theoretical framework of ‘political mediation’, the policy engagement process is characterised as a positive instance of democratic mediation through ‘empowered representation’, with some specified limitations.
La gestión de la autonomía de los menores en los procesos de divorcio parental
Authors: Martín Badia Júlia , Jarne Esparcia Adolfo
Published: October 2024

En el contexto de los derechos de la infancia se discute cómo se debe gestionar la autonomía de los menores. La legislación internacional y europea, asumida por los Estados miembros, reconoce el derecho de los menores a ser escuchados y a opinar en los asuntos que afecten su vida personal, familiar y social. En este artículo nos centraremos en la franja de edad de entre los 12 y los 16 años, y en la situación de divorcio parental. Nos preguntaremos si cuando afrontan la separación de sus padres, los menores quieren realmente opinar y sobre qué, analizaremos las ventajas y los riesgos de considerar sus opiniones, y reflexionaremos sobre el grado en que hay que tenerlas en cuenta. Finalmente, propondremos un procedimiento de toma de decisiones acompañada que dé voz a los adolescentes cuando sus padres se separan.
Exploring food and physical activities between grandparents and their grandchildren. Explorando comidas y actividades físicas entre abuelos y sus nietos.
Authors: Castañeda-García Pedro Javier , Luis-Díaz Aryana , González-Rodríguez Jandir , Gutiérrez-Barroso Josué
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Given the growing influence of grandparents on their grandchildren’s upbringing, this study analyzes two key health variables shared by these two generations: diet and physical activity. Interviews were conducted with 114 Spanish grandparents with no physical or cognitive limitations. Questions covered sociodemographic characteristics, the types of foods they serve their grandchildren, and the physical activities that they share with them. The foods were categorized by glycemic index according to whether they were more or less likely to favor overweight and obesity, and the physical activities were categorized as dynamic/sedentary and outdoor/indoor. The data were analyzed using Student’s t-test for independent samples and ANOVAS. The results showed that some of the grandparents’ sociodemographic variables—age, educational level, health status, time spent with grandchildren, and distance from their grandchildren—were significantly correlated with the types of foods served and physical activities shared. Grandchildren’s food consumption and level of physical activity can be directly influenced by their grandparents. Family interventions should take into account the fact that certain sociodemographic variables in grandparents may favor either more or less healthy dietary habits and physical behavior. Resumen. Ante la creciente influencia de los abuelos en la crianza de los nietos, en este trabajo se analiza dos variables de salud claves compartidas entre ellos: la alimentación y la actividad física. Se entrevistó a 114 abuelos españoles, sin limitaciones físicas ni cognitivas, y se les preguntó por sus características sociodemográficas, las comidas que proporcionan a sus nietos y las actividades físicas compartidas. Los alimentos correspondían a índices glucémicos que favorecen más el sobrepeso y la obesidad, y lo contrario; y las actividades físicas dinámicas y sedentarias, de exterior e interior. Los datos se analizaron con la prueba t de Student para muestras independientes y con ANOVAS. Los resultados mostraron que algunas variables sociodemográficas de los abuelos como la edad, el nivel educativo, la salud, las horas juntos y la distancia con sus nietos están relacionadas significativamente tanto con los tipos de comida como la actividad física que comparten. Como conclusión, la comida y las actividades físicas de los nietos pueden estar influidas directamente por sus abuelos. Cualquier intervención familiar debería tener en cuenta que ciertas características sociodemográficas de los abuelos podrían favorecer tanto unos tipos de conducta alimentaria y física más saludables, como todo lo contrario.
Factores Psicológicos implicados en la adherencia de personas con alto riesgo de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Anarte Ortiz María Teresa , Varela Moreno Esperanza
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Aunque la relación entre factores psicosociales y la adherencia al tratamiento en personas con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DM2) ha sido estudiada, no se conocen estudios que analicen éstos factores en el marco de la aplicación de un programa preventivo para personas con alto riesgo de DM2 (ARDM2). El objetivo de este estudio es analizar si existe un perfil psicosocial diferente entre los participantes a un programa de hábitos de vida saludables con ARDM2 en función de su adherencia al mismo, para lo cual se ha realizado una evaluación psicológica exhaustiva, principal novedad que aporta el estudio.  Materiales y métodos: El estudio se realizó en una muestra de 173 pacientes con prediabetes que participan en un programa preventivo en hábitos de vida saludable. Las variables psicosociales fueron evaluadas utilizando varias herramientas psicológicas: SCID-1, BDI-II, STAI, COPE, DQOL, MOS-SSS y Apgar. Resultados: El 86,1% de la muestra siguió las recomendaciones de dieta o ejercicio y se clasificaron como adherentes, mientras que el 13,9% no siguieron ninguna y fueron clasificados como no adherentes. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en sintomatología depresiva, ansiedad-estado, calidad de vida y estrategias de afrontamiento entre los dos grupos (adherentes / no adherentes). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el apoyo social/familiar percibido. Discusión: Estos resultados proporcionan la primera evidencia empírica sobre la utilización de una amplia batería de instrumentos de evaluación psicológica aplicados en un programa preventivo para personas con ARDM2 obteniéndose perfiles diferentes en función de su adherencia al mismo.
Elementos ético-políticos en investigación e intervención: reflexiones desde la psicología social
Authors: Vivas-Elias Pep , López-Catalán Óscar , Sánchez-Naudin Jorge , Cámara-Menoyo Carlos , Paricio-Cárceles Ana
Published: October 2024

Asumiendo que la psicología social es directa, intrínseca, total y fundamentalmente política (Ibáñez, 1983), en este texto realizamos una breve reflexión en relación con el carácter político y ético del quehacer en psicología social. Para ello, abordamos, en un primer apartado, por qué es importante considerar lo político y lo ético en la disciplina. A continuación, en el segundo apartado, desarrollamos algunos elementos que podemos usar, como psicólogos/as sociales, tanto en el ámbito de la investigación como de la intervención: la reflexividad y problematización; la crítica del saber experto; la accesibilidad; el compromiso, el trabajo artesanal o los aprendizajes. Finalmente, en el tercer apartado presentamos una serie de conclusiones sobre la interrelación de estos elementos, su aplicación práctica y algunos de sus posibles límites.
Estrés Percibido durante el Aislamiento Social por COVID-19 y su Impacto Cognitivo en Jóvenes Universitarios
Authors: Gutiérrez Ruiz Karol , Negrín Pérez Isabel
Published: October 2024

La naturaleza duradera e incontrolable del confinamiento como medida para frenar la propagación de la COVID-19 representa una fuente de estrés extrínseco y crónico que podría incidir sobre los procesos cognitivos, especialmente en la memoria. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la influencia del estrés percibido durante el aislamiento social obligatorio por COVID-19 sobre la memoria cotidiana y explorar el impacto emocional del confinamiento. Participaron 128 jóvenes universitarios colombianos quienes respondieron la versión en castellano de la Escala de Estrés Percibido (EEP-10) y el Cuestionario de fallos de memoria de la vida diaria, de acuerdo con su experiencia en el último mes de confinamiento. Se analizó la influencia del estrés percibido global, distrés general y capacidad de afrontamiento en los fallos de memoria de la vida diaria mediante un análisis de varianza factorial. Los participantes reportaron emociones y pensamientos asociados con estados de ansiedad, depresión y estrés durante el confinamiento. Se encontró un efecto significativo del estrés percibido en los fallos de memoria de la vida diaria, y una interacción significativa entre el distrés general y la capacidad de afrontamiento sobre la memoria cotidiana. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos hallazgos.
Evidencias de Validez de la versión Argentina del Cuestionario de Salud del Paciente -9 (CSP-9).
Authors: Matrángolo Gisela Maricel , Azzollini Susana , Simkin Hugo
Published: October 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar las evidencias de Validez del Patient Health Questionnaire- 9 (PQH.9) para adultos argentinos. El pqh-9 cuenta con 9 items que permiten evaluar sintomatología de Trastorno Depresivo Mayor. En el contexto local, la PQH-9 muestra propiedades psicométricas adecuadas: Indicadores de confiabilidad ω .835 y α .857 y apropiados índices de ajuste, RMSEA: .053, CFI .99. Así también se evaluó la validez externa. presentando un r: .49 y .63 en las distintas dimensiones, del Cuestionario Internacional de Trauma (CTI) que evalua Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático y Estrés Postraumático complejo. Estos resultados proporcionarían indicios de validez externa. Se concluye que la PQH-9 presenta propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para su uso en población argentina.
Sensing Bodies, Sensual Assemblages: Masculinity and Queerness Under an Umbrella
Authors: Ellawala Themal
Published: October 2024

Abstract: What happens to our stories of masculinity when they begin from the sensory and queer? This essay is an exercise in such storytelling, in particular the narration of two male bodies huddled under an umbrella in the pouring rain. Centering an ethnographic vignette from my fieldwork on queer erotics conducted in Sri Lanka in 2016 I read through the literature on hegemonic masculinity in Sri Lanka as well as sensory masculinities to insist on theorizations of masculinity that are more nuanced and supple and attend to the lived complexity of a structure. Through a speculative interpretive mode that braids the sensory and the discursive, the structural and the inter/intra-personal, this paper suggests that masculinity can be conceptualized as an assemblage that is always in formation, one constituted by symbolic, hormonal, libidinal, political, material, affective, historical phenomena and always in flux, responding to specific calibrations and intensities of stimuli. Such a theorization of masculinity allows me to think of the queer desire in this ethnographic scene as not anomalous, but rather made possible by the very conditions of normative masculinity.
Letter Writing as a Time-Traveling Method for Other World Making
Authors: Rosales Christine E. , Rojas Tiffani L. , Langhout Regina D.
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This paper proposes letter writing as a method to elicit visions of liberation and identify everyday acts of resistance that breathe life into these visions. By creating a liberatory space for the letter writer to reflect on the past and envision a socially just world, letter writing becomes a time-traveling method. To illustrate an example of the use of this method, the paper shares results from a study that used letter writing to explore the relationship between freedom dreams and everyday resistance. The participants were nineteen Latina women who were each instructed to write a letter to a loved one about their desires for social change and their daily efforts to achieve those visions. One of the major themes identified was that women in the study were engaging in a daily pedagogy of resistance to (re)connect their children to roots-that is, histories of oppression, their cultural heritage, and the Earth, in order to create a more socially just world. We conclude by suggesting that letter writing offers seeds of possibility to articulate new ways to breathe outside of the logic of racial capitalist settler coloniality.
Night Riding on the N29
Authors: Taylor Daniel
Published: October 2024

Abstract: The Fall 2024 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the most innovative voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Fall 2024 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features prose by Andre Dubus III, Gretchen Ernster Henderson, Benjamin Hoffmann, Aiysha Jahan, Joy Notoma, Shuchi Saraswat, Jen Silverman, Richard Stock, and Daniel Taylor.
Criteria for objects suitable for reconstruction from holograms and diffraction patterns
Authors: Latychevskaia Tatiana
Published: October 2024

In this study, quantitative criteria for reconstruction of objects from their hologram and diffraction patterns, and in particular for the phase objects in digital holography, are derived. The criteria that allow distinguishing the hologram and diffraction pattern are outlined. Gabor derived his criterion for objects suitable for holography based on the condition that the background in the reconstructed object’s distribution should be nearly flat so that its intensity contrast does not exceed 0.05. According to Gabor, an opaque object is suitable for holographic reconstruction if it occupies no more than 1% of the imaged area, and a phase-shifting object cannot be reconstructed in principle. We revisit these criteria and show that both amplitude-only and phase-only objects can be reconstructed when the object occupies less than 1% of the total illuminated area. In addition, a simplified derivation of the criteria is provided that is based on Parseval’s theorem. It is shown that for objects (including amplitude-only and phase-only) reconstructed from their holograms and the twin image treated as noise, a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 or higher can be achieved provided the object occupies less than 0.5% of the total illuminated area. When a hologram is reconstructed by applying iterative algorithms, the requirement for the object size is much more generous and identical to that applied in coherent diffraction imaging: any type of object (amplitude-only, phase-only, or amplitude-and-phase mixed properties) is suitable for holography when the object’s size in each dimension is less than half of the probed region’s extent (or the field of view).
Angular momentum properties of a circularly polarized vortex beam in the paraxial optical systems
Authors: Yin Xiaojin , Li Yu , Jin Guoliang , Wang Jing , Liu Jinhong , Li Jinhong
Published: October 2024

The angular momentum (AM) properties of circularly polarized vortex beams (CPVBs) in two paraxial optical systems [free space and a gradient-index (GRIN) fiber] are demonstrated. The transverse light intensity, the longitudinal light intensity, the phase of the longitudinal electric field, the kinetic momentum, the total spin AM (SAM), the transverse-type SAM (t-SAM), the longitudinal-type SAM (l-SAM), and the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of CPVBs in the two paraxial optical systems are characterized. Spin-orbit coupling of CPVBs is studied during propagation in free space and in a GRIN fiber. When the OAM and the SAM of a CPVB have the same direction of rotation and when they have opposite directions of rotation, the spin-orbit coupling exhibits different characteristics in free space and in the GRIN fiber.
LIC-CGAN: fast lithography latent images calculation method for large-area masks using deep learning
Authors: Zhao Yihan , Dong Lisong , Li Ziqi , Wei Yayi
Published: October 2024

Latent image calculation for large-area masks is an indispensable but time-consuming step in lithography simulation. This paper presents LIC-CGAN, a fast method for three-dimensional (3D) latent image calculation of large-area masks using deep learning. Initially, the library of mask clips and their corresponding latent images is established, which is then used to train conditional generative adversarial networks (CGANs). The large area layout is divided into mask clips based on local pattern features. If a mask clip matches one from the training library, its latent image can be obtained directly. Otherwise, the CGANs are employed to calculate its local latent image. Finally, all local latent images are synthesized to simulate the entire latent image. The proposed method is applied to lithography simulations for display panels, demonstrating high accuracy and a speed-up of 2.5 to 4.7 times compared to the rigorous process.
Configurable multiple virtual lenses conjugated with singlet physical lens for achromatic extended depth-of-field imaging
Authors: Lu Cuizhen , Liu Yuankun , He Tianyue , Zhang Chongyang , Nan Yilan , Huang Cui , Shen Junfei
Published: October 2024

An achromatic extended depth-of-field (EDOF) system can obtain clear scene information that is crucial for target recognition, dynamic monitoring, and other applications. However, the imaging performance of most optical systems is depth-variant and wavelength-variant, which leads to the generation of chromatic aberrations. Traditional optical design and image post-processing algorithms cannot effectively eliminate these chromatic aberrations. Here, we propose a deep configurable multiple virtual lenses optimization method that embeds four virtual lenses in parallel conjugated with a real lens. Combined with a lens fusion recovery network (LFRNet), it compensates for chromatic aberrations at different depths to achieve achromatic EDOF imaging. Trainable virtual optics can eliminate chromatic aberrations and overcome the limitations of traditional optics. The proposed framework reduces the optical design complexity and improves the imaging quality of a simple optical system. We validate our method using a singlet lens, and the experimental results show that the reconstructed images have an average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) improvement of 12.1447 dB and an average structural similarity index measure (SSIM) improvement of 0.2465. The proposed method opens a new avenue for ultra-compact, high-freedom, high-efficiency, and wholly configurable deep optics design, and empowers various advanced applications, such as portable photography and other complex vision tasks.
Deep subwavelength slotted photonic crystal nanobeam in a monolithic silicon photonics foundry
Authors: Arnold Kellen P. , Whittington Christopher S. , Allen Joshua A. , Halimi Sami I. , Afzal Francis O. , Bian Yusheng , Aboketaf Abdelsalam , Hirokawa Takako , Weiss Sharon M.
Published: October 2024

We report the design and experimental realization of a deep subwavelength-engineered slotted photonic crystal fabricated using a commercial monolithic silicon photonics process with a minimum feature size near 40 nm. The deep subwavelength design includes a corrugated, slotted unit cell shape that leverages electromagnetic interface conditions to localize optical energy in low refractive index regions, achieving a four-fold enhancement of the electric field energy compared to an equivalent slotted photonic crystal without the nanoscale corrugations. This demonstration establishes a basis for future study of commercially fabricated, subwavelength-engineered photonic structures where intense light-matter interaction and manipulation of optical properties on-chip is critical, including biosensing and optical trapping applications.
Enhanced surface emission of bismuth-ion doped glass by adding metal nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Yixin , Xie Quan , Jiang Chun
Published: October 2024

Enhancing the luminescent properties of doped silica glass has garnered significant interest due to its potential applications in photonics and optoelectronics. In this study, we enhance the surface emission of bismuth(Bi)-doped silica glass by incorporating metal nanoparticles. Utilizing finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations, we observed a significant increase in surface emission following population inversion. We developed a novel algorithm to achieve a uniform distribution of nanoparticles in a two-dimensional computational model, ensuring that the distribution is physically accurate. Through systematic investigation, we explored the effects of the number, distribution, and size of silver nanoparticles on the surface emission enhancement of Bi-doped glass. Our results demonstrate that under optimal conditions, the surface emission enhancement can reach nearly 72%. Additionally, we evaluated the impact of various metal nanoparticles, finding that gold, silver, copper, and platinum positively influence surface emission enhancement, while titanium has an inhibitory effect. This study underscores the potential of metal nanoparticles to significantly improve the luminescent properties of doped glass, paving the way for advanced applications in photonic devices.
Remote chip-scale quantum sensing of magnetic fields
Authors: Levi Kfir , Giat Avital , Golan Liran , Talker Eliran , Stern Liron
Published: October 2024

Quantum sensing is an ever-evolving research field describing the use
of a quantum phenomenon to perform measurement of a physical quantity.
Amongst different types of quantum sensors, atomic vapor-based quantum
effects are extensively used to measure quantities such as time,
velocity, acceleration, electric, and magnetic fields. Here, we
propose and demonstrate remote quantum sensing using a chip-scale
atomic vapor cell. Specifically, we remotely interrogate
millimeter-scale micromachined vapor cells, and measure the ambient
Earth’s magnetic field at a standoff distance of
∼10 m and a sensitivity of
∼1 pT/√Hz. We further spatially map different
magnetic fields in the presence of a noisy ambient environment.
Simultaneously we are able measure the distance between a micro-cell
and the interrogating system by means of time-of-flight measurements,
thus correlating between position and magnetic field. Utilizing
micromachined vapor cells for remote magnetometry offers substantial
advantages in scalability, planar photonic integration, cost, and
size. Consequently, we provide a novel toolset to deploy, measure, and
map arbitrary, remote, and hard-to-access magnetic fields in
unshielded environments with high sensitivity and spatial resolution,
paving the way to a variety of novel applications in diverse fields
such as medicine, communication, defense, space-exploration, and
quantum technologies.
Colonoscopy polyp classification via enhanced scattering wavelet Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Tan Jun , Yuan Jiamin , Fu Xiaoyong , Bai Yilin
Published: October 2024

Among the most common cancers, colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high death rate. The best way to screen for colorectal cancer (CRC) is with a colonoscopy, which has been shown to lower the risk of the disease. As a result, Computer-aided polyp classification technique is applied to identify colorectal cancer. But visually categorizing polyps is difficult since different polyps have different lighting conditions. Different from previous works, this article presents Enhanced Scattering Wavelet Convolutional Neural Network (ESWCNN), a polyp classification technique that combines Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Scattering Wavelet Transform (SWT) to improve polyp classification performance. This method concatenates simultaneously learnable image filters and wavelet filters on each input channel. The scattering wavelet filters can extract common spectral features with various scales and orientations, while the learnable filters can capture image spatial features that wavelet filters may miss. A network architecture for ESWCNN is designed based on these principles and trained and tested using colonoscopy datasets (two public datasets and one private dataset). An n-fold cross-validation experiment was conducted for three classes (adenoma, hyperplastic, serrated) achieving a classification accuracy of 96.4%, and 94.8% accuracy in two-class polyp classification (positive and negative). In the three-class classification, correct classification rates of 96.2% for adenomas, 98.71% for hyperplastic polyps, and 97.9% for serrated polyps were achieved. The proposed method in the two-class experiment reached an average sensitivity of 96.7% with 93.1% specificity. Furthermore, we compare the performance of our model with the state-of-the-art general classification models and commonly used CNNs. Six end-to-end models based on CNNs were trained using 2 dataset of video sequences. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ESWCNN method can effectively classify polyps with higher accuracy and efficacy compared to the state-of-the-art CNN models. These findings can provide guidance for future research in polyp classification.
Isolation and purification of DNA double-strand break repair intermediates for understanding complex molecular mechanisms
Authors: Yasmin Tahirah , Azeroglu Benura , Yanez-Cuna Fares Osam , Jones Sally , Cai Patrick Yizhi , Leach David R. F.
Published: October 2024

Branched DNA molecules are key intermediates in the molecular pathways of DNA replication, repair and recombination. Understanding their structural details, therefore, helps to envisage the mechanisms underlying these processes. While the configurations of DNA molecules can be effectively analysed in bulk using gel electrophoresis techniques, direct visualization provides a complementary single-molecule approach to investigating branched DNA structures. However, for microscopic examination, the sample needs to be free from impurities that could obscure the molecules of interest, and free from the bulk of unwanted non-specific DNA molecules that would otherwise dominate the field of view. Additionally, in the case of recombination intermediates, the length of the DNA molecules becomes an important factor to consider since the structures can be spread over a large distance on the chromosome in vivo. As a result, apart from sample purity, efficient isolation of large-sized DNA fragments without damaging their branched structures is crucial for further analysis. These factors are illustrated by the example of DNA double-strand break repair in the bacterium E. coli. In E. coli recombination intermediates may be spread over a distance of 40 kb which constitutes less than 1% of the 4.6 Mb genome. This study reveals ways to overcome some of the technical challenges that are associated with the isolation and purification of large and complex branched DNA structures using E. coli DNA double-strand break repair intermediates. High-molecular weight and branched DNA molecules do not run into agarose gels subjected to electrophoresis. However, they can be extracted from the wells of the gels if they are agarose embedded, by using β-agarase digestion, filtration, and concentration. Furthermore, a second round of gel electrophoresis followed by purification is recommended to enhance the purity of the specific DNA samples. These preliminary findings may prove to be pioneering for various single-molecule analyses of large and complex DNA molecules of DNA replication, repair and recombination.
Exploring the reclamation pathway science of Beachwood powder for pharmaceutical acetaminophen drug effluent management
Authors: Hassan Ehssan Ahmed , Tony Maha , Awad Mohamed M.
Published: October 2024

High effective low-cost substance derived from agriculture-based waste towards a circular economy concept showed a significant green approach for pharmaceuticals uptake in aqueous solution. Beachwood sawdust was used as the source of cellulose based adsorbents. Cellulose is isolated from the waste and in parallel magnetite nanoparticles are prepared by the simple co-precipitation technique and the two substances are mixed in various proportions to be acetaminophen adsorbent. Characteristics of the prepared magnetite (M)/sawdust (SD) composite in various proportions (M:SD (1:1), M:SD (1:2), M:SD (1:3), M:SD (1:5) and M:SD (2:1) were assessed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) which revealed the presence magnetite and cellulose. Also, for the object of recoverable adsorbent, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) of the adsorbent is investigated to evaluate its sustainability. The highest removal rate was associated with M:SD (1:2) compared to the other composites and the pristine magnetite or sawdust materials within 2 hours of isotherm time. The adsorption parameters are optimized and the maximal yield is attained at pH (7.0), adsorbent dose of 2.0 g/L at room temperature. The adsorption matrix is following Langmuir model and fitted to the second-order kinetic model. The process is exothermic in nature and highlighted physisorption tendency. The highest monolayer adsorption uptake was investigated at 7.0 mg/g which corresponds to the M:SD (1:2) adsorbent.