bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Noise and Annoyance in the Urban Area at Different Time Intervals
Authors: Argalášová Ľubica , Jurkovičová Jana , Ševčíková Ludmila , Štefániková Zuzana , Hirošová Katarína , Babjaková Jana , Kánovicsová Andrea , Filová Alexandra
Published: August 2014

Environmental (community) noise, particularly road traffic noise, has attracted widespread attention in recent decades as a major environmental health concern. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of environmental noise on psychosocial well-being of young healthy individuals and to follow the time trends of exposure in the period of 10, 15, 20, 25 years. The validated methodology was used to assess noise annoyance, interference with activities and sleep disturbance; the objectification of noise levels was done by direct measurement using sound level analyzer with a module for frequency analysis. The results revealed the sharp increase during the years 1989 and 1999 (the period of political and socio-economic transformation and the changes in traffic management) and the decrease in the year 2013. The findings of our study indicate the need for preventive measures to reduce environmental noise exposure in residential areas and to emphasize the importance of the elaboration of methods for environmental noise exposure risk assessment.
Form-Finding of Membrane Structures and Necessary Stabilization of this Process
Authors: Lang Rostislav , Němec Ivan , Ševčík Ivan
Published: August 2014

The aim of this contribution is a form-finding process. It is the problem of initial pre-stressed shape generation of membrane constructions. The contribution deals with specific aspects of this process and the necessity of introducing stabilization with regard to its practical application. Individual examples will show the results of methods described in this paper.
Vibrations in the Assessment of Construction State
Authors: Żółtowski Bogdan , Żółtowski Mariusz
Published: August 2014

The knowledge of the dynamic state and structure of the system allows to describe its behavior, and allows creating prognosis models of the system behavior in the function of dynamic evolution time, based on the model of the technical state symptoms growth. Most often, however, there are no known equations describing behaviors of the system in the function of dynamic evolution time, which accounts for the need to apply new tools to examine the dynamic state. There is, therefore, the requirement to experimentally verify analytical technical models as the proper one is a model which is verified in practice. An experiment is, therefore, often only an inspiration for further researches leading to the optimization of the construction.
In this work presented are chosen problems of machines’ technical state diagnosis with the use of identification and technical diagnostics methods. Relations between methods of dynamic state evaluation and methods of technical state evaluation were indicated. Example modal analysis results illustrate the complexity of projecting dynamic state researches into diagnostic researches of machine state evaluation.
Non-Destructive Tracking of Structural Changes of Concrete Mixtures during Thermal Stress
Authors: Kusák Ivo , Lunak Miroslav , Chobola Zdeněk
Published: August 2014

This paper deals with the application of the method of impedance spectroscopy to testing of cement-based composites prepared from a mix of cement mortar and quartz sand, which were intentionally degraded by high-temperature treatment (in the temperatures range from 25 °C to 400 °C). The monitoring of structural changes in the thermal stress is very important, for example for determining the reliability of the whole structure. Based on the Debye theory of dielectric the models were created, their applications and received parameters measured dielectric material is characterized and discussed the uniqueness of determining the values of model parameters. Development of electrical parameters and permittivity at each temperature areas reliably show these structural changes and thus the structural reliability.
Dynamic Heat Transfer through the External Wall of a Timber Structure
Authors: Skotnicova Iveta , Lausova Lenka , Brozovsky Jiri
Published: August 2014

The article compares results of temperature and heat flux measurements in the external wall of a real timber structure with results obtained by numerical modeling using the finite element method in the ANSYS software. The measured temperature values are compared with results obtained from numerical simulation of dynamic heat transport using non-stationary boundary conditions. In the article there is evaluated a suitability of theoretical numerical calculations for a thermal field and heat flux prediction in a building structure.
Experimental Study of Torsion of Guyed Mast Shaft
Authors: Urushadze Shota , Pirner Miroš , Fischer Ondřej
Published: August 2014

The torsion of the mast shaft has been monitored on several masts in the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ITAM) since 2005. The occurrence of this phenomenon is conditioned by the fact that the guy ropes are attached out of the axis of the mast shaft. An experimental mast-shaft model of 15 m height guyed in 3 directions was used for the more detailed study of its rotational motion. The excitation was realized by transversal auxiliary rope drawn by harmonic human force in resonance. The displacement of the shaft top results in translation caused by the guy force and the rotation, caused by the eccentricities of the guy-ropes, attached out of the shaft axis. The resulting movement of the shaft support is an elliptical orbit. The shaft of our experimental mast was equipped in two levels with accelerometers for registration of horizontal x, y motions. The two x, y signals in two levels were monitored and analysed.
Dynamic Deflection of a Bridge versus Speed of Vehicle Motion
Authors: Daniel Ľuboš
Published: August 2014

The vehicle-bridge interaction (VBI) is the actual problem of many work places. The mid-span deflection of a bridge versus speed vehicle motion is interested from a practical point of view. Within the solution of the task the numerical methods based on Finite Element Method (FEM) are applied mainly. The task of VBI described in the submitted article is solved by using commercial software ANSYS. The 2-D sprung model of vehicle is modeled as combination of mass, spring and beam elements. The bridge with the mid-range is modeled by simple beam created with beam elements.
Strain-Life Approach: Application for Fatigue Design of Ship Superstructure Critical Detail
Authors: Petinov Sergei
Published: August 2014

Strain-Life approach to fatigue analysis of structures being developed since early 1960s recently was considered applicable in Civil Engineering, in particular, for fatigue evaluation of bridge structure with integrated abutments. To exemplify the approach and display the problems of its implementation in fatigue design, in-service reliability of structures, an example of fatigue design of a ship superstructure critical detail is presented. The detail is located at expansion joint ending in the superstructure which is frequently applied in ship design aimed at reducing stresses in a long superstructure caused by the general bending deformation of ship hull. Specific of the detail is the high local stress concentration which may result in fatigue damage menacing integrity of the ship hull. In the example of fatigue design of the expansion joint the modified «Strain-Life» criterion for fatigue of material is applied along with empirical relationship providing evaluation of the local strain. This version of the approach allows assessment of fatigue properties of the detail without utilizing Neuber’s formula and presenting the loading history in the block-type format. The results of analysis allowed selection of the expansion joint detail of the superstructure geometry and construction procedure at a shipyard providing necessary reliability.
Simulating Couette Flow Using the Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin Method
Authors: Mužík Juraj
Published: August 2014

The paper deals with use of the meshless method for incompressible fluid flow analysis. There are many formulations of the meshless methods. The article presents the Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin method (MLPG) – local weak formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations. The shape function construction is the crucial part of the meshless numerical analysis in the construction of shape functions. The article presents the radial point interpolation method (RPIM) for the shape functions construction.
A 2-D Meshless Model for Soil Subsurface Settlement
Authors: Mužík Juraj
Published: August 2014

The paper deals with use of the meshless method for soil subsurface settlement analysis. There are many formulations of the meshless methods. The article presents the Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin method (MLPG) – local weak formulation of the equilibrium equations. The main difference between meshless methods and the conventional finite element method (FEM) is that meshless shape functions are constructed using randomly scattered set of points without any relation between points. The Heaviside step function is test function used in the meshless implementation presented in the article. Heaviside test function makes weak formulation integral very simple, because only body integral in governing equation is due a body force.
Experimental Study and Mathematical Modeling of Bond of Different Types Winding Glass-Plastic Reinforcement with Concrete
Authors: Benin Andrey , Bogdanova Galina , Semenov Sergey
Published: August 2014

The experimental studies of flat and relief glass-plastic reinforcement bond with concrete were conducted. The comparative analysis of obtained experimental data with results of other researchers in field of reinforcement and concrete bond was made. It was identified that composite reinforcement with flat winding has better bond characteristics in comparison with steel reinforcement and other winding types composite reinforcement. The analytical dependencies, allowing to simulate the process of fiber-plastic reinforcement bond with concrete, were obtained. The finite element modeling of deformation process of concrete foundation of transport constructions with fiber-plastic reinforcement were made.
Damage Detection and Localization on Cement Specimens
Authors: Plachy Tomáš , Okénka Jakub , Tesárek Pavel , Polák Michal
Published: August 2014

This paper is focused on cement specimen testing by impact excitation non-destructive technique. The impulse excitation method was used for measuring of the natural frequencies and modes of longitudinal, transversal and torsional vibration of the specimens. The objective was to find dynamic properties of the specimens without a crack, with a crack and with a healed crack by cement paste and based on their comparison detect and localize the crack.
Effect of Cement Dosage on Selected Mechanical Fracture Parameters of Concretes
Authors: Šimonová Hana , Havlíková Ivana , Daněk Petr , Lehký David , Kucharczyková Barbara , Keršner Zbyněk
Published: August 2014

Mechanical fracture parameters obtained from three-point bending tests on concrete specimens with a central edge notch are introduced in this paper. A total of four sets of specimens were tested. The concrete used in each set differed in cement dosage, which ranged from 250 to 455 kg per m3 of fresh concrete. Three specimens in each set were tested at the age of 28 days. Increasing the dosage of cement influences the mechanical fracture properties of concretes in both positive and negative ways.
Moving Load Effect of a Truck on Concrete Pavements
Authors: Lajčáková Gabriela
Published: August 2014

Pavements represent the transport structures subjected to dynamic effect of moving vehicles. The real transport load is needed for the assessment of pavements. Such data can be obtained by numerical or experimental way. Various computing models can be used for the analysis of concrete pavements. Some possibilities are presented in this contribution.
Analysis of Structures Having an Irregular Cross-Section Subjected to a Wind Load
Authors: Jendzelovsky Norbert
Published: August 2014

The paper presents an analysis of wind effects acting upon the structures having an irregular shape. The calculation of pressure distribution around the perimeter of irregularly-shaped structure is presented. The example shows the analysis techniques employing both values from the valid standards and results of a numerical calculation of flux of an irregularly shaped structure.
Response of Masts of Power Lines to the Blast Effects of Wind
Authors: Marton Pavol
Published: August 2014

This paper presents an analysis of the response of masts of power lines to wind gusts. The computational model of the masts is designed in two variants. The computational model of the first variant is the mast, in which the weight of insulators and conductors has been neglected. In the second variant, the effects of mass of insulators and conductors are modeled as a double pendulum. The values of wind pressure were obtained using a record of wind velocity.
Dynamic Load of Vehicle on Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Melcer Jozef
Published: August 2014

Asphalt pavements are the transport structures subjected to dynamic effect of moving vehicles. Many effects influence the real values of vehicle tire forces. Road unevenness represents the most important factor influencing the magnitudes of tire forces. Such data can be obtained by numerical or experimental way. The paper deals with the numerical simulation of moving load effect on asphalt pavements and with numerical simulation of tire forces in relation to the road unevenness.
Numerical Estimation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Footbridge Deck
Authors: Šoltýs Robert , Tomko Michal
Published: August 2014

For estimation of aerodynamic characteristics of cable-stayed footbridge deck a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used. An incompressible fluid flow with Navier-Stokes equations has been applied. An adequate numerical model has been created to obtain accurate values of aerodynamic characteristics. Preliminary determination of simulation parameters have been estimated using laminar fluid flow model. Subsequently, Smagorinsky large-eddy simulation (LES) turbulent model has been applied with different simulation parameters to obtain converged values. The boundary layer separation regions and downwind vortex shedding has been observed.
Wind Power Market Development Initiative
Authors: Rakova Xeniya Mikhailovna
Published: August 2014

Among other loads such structures kind as high-rise buildings, long highway bridges with cable structures is subjected to significant wind pressure loads. Therefore, this constructions kind requires wind loads qualitative and accurate date as wind speed and strength obtained from wind atlas data and due to the field wind potential assessment with implementation of long-term meteorological mast measurements. General meteorological data are usually insufficient. Current report is devoted to the wind resources potential assessment methodology representation.
The Stress Analysis of the Industrial Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Slab on Elastic Subgrade Loaded by the Operational Loading
Authors: Kortiš Ján
Published: August 2014

Floors which are used for factory building are usually located in an environment where is expected to be used heavy vehicles and also heavy supplies stored on the floor. What means that these structures have to be designed to withstand the action of the forces. For that reason it is useful to do a numerical simulation followed by stress analysis and evaluation of results. The parametric study was done to compare the influence of different thickness and different characteristics of the subgrade on the values of stress in a concrete slab. It was loaded by forklifts and structures used for storage of material and products.
Natural Frequencies of Railway Slab on Winkler Foundation
Authors: Kuchárová Daniela
Published: August 2014

Natural frequencies and natural modes represent the basic dynamic characteristics of all dynamic systems. They define the dynamic individuality of dynamic system. It is useful to know approximate relations giving the results with adequate accuracy. The analysis of plates in contact with elastic foundation is the part of structural dynamic which demands hard numerical solutions. The submitted paper presents approximate relations enabling to carry out the assessment of natural frequencies of the slabs on elastic foundation at variable stiffness with satisfactory accuracy.
Influence of Construction of Railway Superstructure on Railway Quality
Authors: Ižvolt Libor , Ižvoltová Jana , Šestáková Janka
Published: August 2014

The operation of railway tracks is historically confirmed that the classic structure of the railway superstructure is capable to ensure operational capability of standard railway tracks for a relatively long period of time (railways tracks to speed of 160 km.h-1). Such a railway track and its track is considered the railway track with a classic structure of the railway superstructure, where track removal is stored in the ballast. In the case of high operating and axle load, increasing track speed and requirements for safety of operation, which are associated with high requirements on the track geometry, it appears that such structure has its operational (in terms of guaranteeing the long-term safety and reliability of the railway track) and economic (in terms of the cost of maintenance of railway track) limits. "Floating" placement of the track removal during each passage of a rail vehicle, or train leads to the growth of dynamic horizontal and vertical forces that cause gradual degradation of track geometry, what subsequently leads to restless journey of moving rail vehicles. Elimination of imperfections in track geometry - the quality of the railway track - forces the operators to remove such imperfections of railway track in time and financially consuming maintenance work in certain periods. However, it is sufficient if only the weakest element of classic railway superstructure is replaced in the railway, and it is the track ballast using other more appropriate component representing no elastic and plastic behaviour. The structure is such replacement, in which the track removal is concreted (monolithic structure) or stored on a concrete or asphalt bearing layer (layered structure), namely structural design, which is referred to as unconventional railway superstructure. The structure of railway superstructure is characterized by cross sleepers used in a modified shape or they are not part of it at all. Currently, thus conceived railway track is referred to as a slab track (hereinafter referred to as the "ST"), which requires flexibility of the railway superstructure for the system of the wheel/rail secured using elastic elements disposed between the rail and the sleeper and/or under the sleeper. In general, the structure of ST has been currently applied mainly to high-speed track and the tracks that have high operational load, where the cost of maintaining the track with the classic structure of the railway superstructure strongly grows. At the same time, however, this structure also promotes in the upgraded sections of the standard tracks (track speed to 160 km.h-1), especially in track sections conducted in tunnels, as there are located the required properties of the ballast that do not demonstrate subsidence. The subgrade without a drop also offers for application of the ST structure bridges, and therefore, the application of this structure is also possible in these track sections.
Dynamic Time-History Response of Cylindrical Tank Considering Fluid - Structure Interaction due to Earthquake
Authors: Kotrasova Kamila , Grajciar Ivan , Kormaníková Eva
Published: August 2014

Ground-supported cylindrical tanks are used to store a variety of liquids. The fluid was develops a hydrodynamic pressures on walls and bottom of the tank during earthquake. This paper provides dynamic time-history response of concrete open top cylindrical liquid storage tank considering fluid-structure interaction due to earthquake. Numerical model of cylindrical tank was performed by application of the Finite Element Method (FEM) utilizing software ADINA. Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation was used for the problem analysis. Two way Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) techniques were used for the simulation of the interaction between the structure and the fluid at the common boundary
Engineering Approach of Seismic Analysis of Piling Quay Walls Subject to Redistribution of Lateral Earth Pressure
Authors: Zhdamirov Vladimir , Korovkin Vladimir
Published: August 2014

Proposed an engineering method for calculating the fine quay walls of the seismic action. At the initial stage is the stress-strain state of the walls of the static load taking into account the redistribution of lateral earth pressure. In the presence of an earthquake is determined by seismic lateral earth pressure on the wall from the effects of inertia forces, added mass of water pressure and dynamic load from various forms of oscillations of the wall. Seismic load fluctuations wall defined by dynamic spectral method as a result of decomposition of seismic vibrations in a series of major modes of vibration. The results of the proposed calculation realized in the program «SCAD», and have been compared with «Plaxis - 2D» results.
Impact Resistance of Thin-Walled Shell Structures
Authors: Rehacek Stanislav , Huňka Petr , Citek David , Kolisko Jiří , Šimúnek Ivo
Published: August 2014

Fibre-reinforced composite materials are becoming important in many areas of technological application. In addition to the static load, such structures may be stressed with short-term dynamic loads or even dynamic impact loads during their lifespan. Dynamic effects can be significant especially for thin-walled shell structures and barrier constructions. Impact loading of construction components produces a complex process, where both the characteristics of the design itself and the material parameters influence the resultant behavior. It is clear that reinforced concrete with fibers has a positive impact on increasing the resistance to impact loads. Results of impact load tests carried out on drop-weight test machine are presented in this paper. The results are supplemented by compression strength test.
Research on the Effects of Admixture on Concrete Permeability
Authors: Xia Kai Quan , Guo Wei , Liu Xue Wu , Liu Huan , Li Zhan Guo , Li Yue
Published: August 2014

At present, our country norms on the permeability of concrete is mainly determined by its strength, without considering the influence of admixtures on the permeability. This paper studies the permeability of different strength concrete rules of different kinds and dosage of admixture. The results show that, the permeability of concrete is closely related to the w/b, but also it has a strong correlation with admixture dosage, the relevance between the permeability of concrete and the kinds of admixture is relatively small. The results of this paper can provide some reference value to the relevant standards of durability in our country.
High-Temperature Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of 625 Nickel-Base Superalloy Welding Joint
Authors: Wang Yuan Yuan , Wang Bao Sen , Chen Li Jia
Published: August 2014

High temperature low cycle fatigue properties and fracture behavior of Inconel 625 nickel-base superalloy welding joint at 760oC were investigated under fully reversed total strain-controlled mode. The fatigue life and cyclic stress-strain data were analyzed to determine the individual strain fatigue parameters. It is noted that the welding joint exhibits the cyclic strain hardening and stability. The fatigue cracks initiate predominantly on the free surface of fatigue specimens and propagate in an intergranular mode or a mixed transgranular and intergranular mode.
Thermal Catalytic Recycling of Plastic Wastes
Authors: Ermek Aubakirov , Zheneta Tashmuhambetova , Zhaksuntay Kairbekov , Kairat Burkhanbekov
Published: August 2014

This paper represents the results of researching of recycling plastic wastes by hydrogenation in the presence of catalysts: natural zeolite, bauxite, red sludge (wastes from recycling of bauxite), as a hydrogen source was used heavy residues from oil process. This method allowed to define the optimal conditions of the hydrogenation process and get liquid products enriched with isoalkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic and heteroaromatic hydrocarbons.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of Silver Doped TiO2 Nanotubes
Authors: Xu Ying Cao , You Hong
Published: August 2014

In this paper, highly ordered TiO2 nanotubes were performed by the method of anodic oxidation, using glycerol / water, NH4F as the electrolyte, and Oxidation voltage to 25v for 1h. TiO2 nanotube surface modified by Ag nanoparticles, by using UV light to restore Ag+ to Ag, the Ag+ from AgNO3 solution sputted out by ultrasonic. Ag-doped TiO2 was used to degrade acetic acid concentrations under UV light. Different Ag/TiO2, HAc concentration, and light intensity were selected as effect factors, TiO2 as contrast test.
A Review on Development and Properties of GLARE, an Advanced Aircraft Material
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Ren , Liang En Quan , Li Dong , Chen Ying , Zhang Jun
Published: August 2014

The history of GLARE laminate was introduced. Through comparison with conventional aluminum alloy sheets, the excellent performance of GLARE as a new generation aeronautic material is discussed. The properties and application of GLARE in large civil aircraft indicates that new composite materials such as GLARE will replace bulk aluminum alloy in future aircraft structure. With the continuous development of material technologies, a trend of developing high strength and low cost composite materials will lead aviation industry to a new stage.
In Situ Reducing Synthesis of (CTAB+C18NH2)-Modified Hydrophobic Gold Nanoparticles at Room Temperature
Authors: Chen Li Ping
Published: August 2014

The hydrophobic gold nanoparticles with monodispersity are synthesized by using n-butanol reduction in situ under the condition of alkali promotion in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)/n-butanol/n-heptane/HAuCl4/NaOH(aq) W/O microemulsion at 30°C. The CTAB-stabilized gold nanoparticles are characterized by UV-vis, TEM , XRD and so on. The replacement of simple surfactant (CTAB ) with mixed surfactant CTAB/ octadecylamine can weaken the direction of CTAB to the growth of gold nanopartices and increase the monodispersity of gold nanoparticles. The effects of components of the microemulsion system on the shape, size and monodispersity of gold nanoparticles are also explored. The results show that the size of gold particles is changed by the amount of CTAB and C18NH2.
UV-Fenton Discoloration of Methyl Orange Using Fe3O4/MWCNTs as Heterogeneous Catalyst Obtained by an In Situ Strategy
Authors: Shi Tian Nuo , Xu Huan Yan , Chang Hong Zhou
Published: August 2014

As an innovative heterogeneous UV-Fenton catalyst nanocomposite, ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) with inverse-spinel structure trapped by Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was successfully prepared by a facile and in-suit strategy in this study. The as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An active dye, Methyl Orange (MO) was employed as the target pollutant to evaluate the UV-Fenton efficiency of Fe3O4/MWCNTs nanocomposite. The effects of operating parameters, including solution pH, initial MO concentration, reaction temperature, initial H2O2 concentration and catalyst dosage on MO discoloration were detailedly investigated. Control experiments indicated Fe3O4/MWCNTs exhibited higher ability for MO discoloration than bare Fe3O4 under the same experimental conditions, which might be attributed to the synergetic effect between Fe3O4 and MWCNTs.
Polymetallic Catalysts for the Process of Hydrogenation of Nitrocompounds
Authors: Elmira Yermoldina , Zhaksyntay Kayrbekov , Kali Aity , Gulzira Vasilina
Published: August 2014

Results of studies of humic substances in the quality of natural polymeric modifier for the coated palladium catalysts are presented in the paper, along with synthesis of new catalysts based on palladium – potassium humate, fixed on various inorganic carriers and their catalytic properties are studied. The catalysts may be placed in the following order according to activity: Pd-PHum/B-094 > Pd-PHum/Shungit (Sht), proc.1%КОН > Pd-PHum/Sht >> Pd-PHum/SiO2. More active and optimal are the catalysts of 0,8% Pd – Potassium’s Humat (1%)/B-94 and 0,8% Pd/Shungit 1% КОН.
Improvement of Complete Circulation of Aqueous Solution for Urea Production Processing with Premixing
Authors: Liu Xiao Di , Zhu Yu Le , Gu Xue Ying
Published: August 2014

Half of the urea is produced by complete circulation of aqueous solution processing in China. The mixing between the gas and liquid is the key of the technology. This paper presents an improvement of the complete circulation of aqueous solution processing by premixing and atomizing liquid NH3 and Methylamine. And a novel atomizer was developed for the high pressure and limited space. We proposed a new model based on the two innovations and predicted the performance of the suggested processing. The modeling prediction agreed well with the experimental results. For the same urea synthesis tower structure, the conversion rate increased 3~5%. This indicates this technology is competitive to retrofit the existed units.
Visual Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex with Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification and Eriochrome Black T
Authors: Wang De Guo
Published: August 2014

The present study was aimed to improve the method for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex recently reported on Letters in Applied Microbiology. Eriochrome black T (EBT) was added to the reaction system of LAMP, due to complexation of EBT with magnesium ions, the color of reaction solution was red at beginning, when the reaction was in process, the precipitate of magnesium ions and pyrophosphate ions formed, EBT lost magnesium ions, the color of reaction solution became sky blue from red gradually, and the method exhibits a high sensitivity of 8 fg/μL. The improved LAMP assay can detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex rapidly, sensitively and visually, the method developed in this study had solved the “bottleneck” in popularization and application of LAMP technology, which had not only avoided aerosol pollution but also solved the false positive problem caused by primer dimers.
Glial Cells Missing Gene Upregulated by Ecdysone in Drosophila
Authors: Wang Gang , Yang Li Li , Liu Hong Ying
Published: August 2014

The Drosophilaglial cells missing (gcm) gene is not only essential for generating embryonic glial differentiation but also necessary and sufficient for generating glial cells during the postembryonic stage. However, the mechanisms of how the gcm gene is mediated are still elusive. This study reveals that gcm was expressed with fluctuating variation during the third instar larval and pupal stage, the 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) treatment can upregulate gcm expression, the knockdown of EcR-A and USP1 led to a reduced transcript level of gcm in S2 cells. These results suggest that the 20E signaling pathway can mediate gcm expression through the 20E receptor EcR-A and its heterodimer USP1.
Optimization of Mixed Fermentation Conditions by Mixed Culture of Kefir and Bacillus
Authors: Zhang Tie Hua , Zhang Xin Yu , Tian Mu , Zhong Shu Ning , Du Zhi Yang
Published: August 2014

Kefir is a kind of fermented milk that is produced by inoculating Kefir grains into milk, mainly consisting of bacteria and yeasts. Bacillus and their metabolites also have found some biotechnological applications in many aspects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mixed fermentation conditions by kefir and Bacillus. The results showed that kefir and Bacillus could be mixed fermentation, the suggested optimum fermentation conditions are the following: inoculum size was 4 mL of mixed fermentation agent for per 100 mL medium, the ratio to kefir and Bacillus is 2:1, fermentation temperature of 28 °C and fermentation time of 20 h. Under the optimum fermentation conditions, the viable cell counts of Lactic acid bacteria, yeast and Bacillus could above 1.0×1011, 4.0×1010, and 2.0×109 CFU/mL respectively. After freeze-dried, by adding 10 % ( w/v ) skim milk, 3 % ( w/v ) glycerinum, 3 % trehalose and 1 % ( w/v ) Monosodium glutamate as for cryoprotectant, the viable cell counts could still above 107 CFU/mL after 6 month.
Aroma Analysis of a New Oolong Tea of Golden Guanyin by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Cai Cheng Gang , Mao Jian Wei , Xu Xiao Lu , Li He , Jiang Xin Long , Liu Xia
Published: August 2014

Golden Guanyin tea from Lishui city, Zhejiang province, is a new variety of Oolong tea with special aromas. To analysis the aroma compounds, two sample preparation methods of tea grinding and water distillation were carried out, then the tea aromas and amino acids were detected. The main aroma compounds were of dimethyl sulfide, butanal, ethyl acetate, butanedial and cyclobutene by the grinding method, as for the distillation method, the aroma compounds detected were of benzeneacetaldehyde, phenylethyl alcohol, benzyl nitrile, Geraniol, indole, cyclopentene, phenylethyl butyrate, nerolidol, methyl jasmonate, 2,2'-dipyridylamine, benzenedicarboxylic acid, cyclopentaneacetic acid, methyl jasmonate ester, dibutyl phthalate and phytol. Golden Guanyin tea samples had 16 kind amino acids, in which glutamic acid and leucine were of 0.047 and 0.041 mg/mL, respectively, and the minimum ones were of cysteine and methionine in concentration of 0.004 mg/mL. The results will be helpful in the quality improvement and production of the new Golden Guanyin tea.
Study on Kinetics of Straw Stalk Gasification in CO2 with Random Pore Model
Authors: Fei Hua , Shi Jin Ming , Li Yuan Lin , Luo Kai
Published: August 2014

The gasification of straw stalk in CO2 environment was studied by isothermal thermogravimetric analysis. The characteristics of rice straw and maize stalk gasification at different temperatures were examined under CO2 atmosphere. The relationship between reaction time and carbon conversion of two biomass chars was analyzed by the random pore model (RPM), and compared with the simulation of the shrinking core reaction model (SCRM). The results show that the random pore model is better to predict the experimental data at different temperatures. This means that the characteristics of pore structure for the influence of biomass chars gasification is well reflected by parameter ψ used in RPM. It indicates that the RPM can be applied to the comprehensive simulation of biomass chars gasification in CO2 environment.
Purification of Astragalus Polysaccharide with Macroporous Resins
Authors: Li Chun Lei , Shi Xiao Long , Men Yun , Yang Lin , Yang Ai Mei
Published: August 2014

The adsorption and desorption properties of Astragalus Polysaccharide (APS) (70% content) on Macroporous resins including X-5, AB-8 and D101 have been compared. APS solutions of different concentrations were tested to find a suitable sample concentration on the macroporous resins. According to our test results, AB-8 performs better than other resins. The adsorption capacity and desorption rate are 41.73mg/ml and 83.74%, higher adsorption speed for APS. Column chromatograph with AB-8 resin was used for the purification test, the sample concentration of APS is 20mg/ml, the purity of APS can reach 94.68%.
Influence of Sulfur Sources on the Phase Structure of CZTS Nanocrystals
Authors: An Ping , Xu Xue Qing , Liang Zhu Rong , Xu Gang
Published: August 2014

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystals have been synthesized via a simple heating-up method using Cu (acac)2, Zn (OAc)2·2H2O and SnCl2·2H2O as metal precursors, and sulfur powder, thioacetamide (TAA), dodecanethiol (DDT) as sulfur sources under same reaction conditions.The influence of different sulfur sources on the phase structure, morphology and optical properties of CZTS nanocrystals were investigated. The phase structure and morphology of the as-obtained nanocrystals were characterized by XRD, Raman, EDS and TEM measurements. The results indicated that the as-prepared CZTS were kesterite structure with S powder and TAA as sulfur sources, while wurtzite CZTS formed with DDT as sulfur source. The different release rate of H2S with different sulfur sources gave rise to different growth rate of the CZTS NCs. The band-gaps of CZTS NCs synhesized from TAA and DDT showed a blue shift due to the size-induced quantum confinement effect.
Pollen Morphology and Taxonomic Significance of Chinese Morus L.
Authors: Liu Ling , Shen Xi Tong , Chen Xiang Ping , Fan Xiao Min , Chen Ren Fang
Published: August 2014

Study the Chinese Morus from the aspect of pollen morphology of 25 Chinese Morus plants of 10 species and 1 variety were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed the differences to be mainly in pollen size, aperture size, P/E value and columellae structure.Supported the conclusion that Morus bombycis is a species level unit but Morus mizuho, Morus atropurpurea, and Morus multicaulis are not, the conclusion that Morus atropurpurea, Morus multicaulis, Morus alba, and Morus macroura are initial forms, and that Morus mongolica, Morus mongolica var. diabolica, Morus bombycis, and Morus australis are later forms.
Degrading Mimosine and Tannins of Leucaena leucocephala by Ensiling
Authors: Chen Xin Zhu , Feng Fan , Liu Qin Hua , Zhang Jian Guo
Published: August 2014

Lucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) is a valuable fodder tree, but it contains high contents of anti-nutritional factors, such as mimosine and tannins. The present study investigated the silage fermentation characteristics and ensiling effects on the degradation of mimosine and tannins of leucaena. Mimosine and tannins gradually reduced during ensiling, and sucrose and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) addition promoted their degradation. The highest degradation rate of mimosine was 49.0% in sucrose treatment and the lowest was 25.5% in the control. The highest degradation rate of tannins was 54.7% in the combined treatment of sucrose and LAB and the lowest was 40% in the control. The degradation rates of mimosine and tannins had negative correlation with the pH value and had positive correlation with lactic acid content in silage.
Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Ultrasound-Assisted Polysaccharides Extraction from Potentilla anserina and Anti-Platelet Aggregation Activity
Authors: Guo Tao , Wei Jun Qing , Wang Ya , Su Dan , Zhang Zhen , Ma Jian Ping , Zhang Bing Yun , Zhao Ping
Published: August 2014

In this study, Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was used for polysaccharides extraction from Potentilla anserina. A computer-stimulated artificial neural network (ANN) was developed to get a correlation between the input variables and the output parameter. Finally, the optimal process conditions were obtained as follows: extraction temperature 55 °C, extraction time 55 min, ratio of liquid to solid 20:1, power 175 W. Under optimized conditions, ultrasound-assisted extraction had obviously higher yield of polysaccharides than the traditional heat reflux method. The optimization procedure showed a close interaction between the experimental and simulated values for polysaccharides extraction. The R2 (0.99271) and MSE (0.0425) values of model suggested good fitness and generalization of the ANN. Moreover, the results also indicated that polysaccharides have inhibitory effect on ADP-induced platelet aggregation.
The Research of Wastewater Treatment by Membrane Bioreactor (MBR)
Authors: Lu Nan , Chen Jia Chuan , Yang Gui Hua
Published: August 2014

Membrane bioreactor is a combination of membrane and sewage biological treatment technology, which is the new wastewater treatment technology .In this paper, the effect of pH and NH3-N load on membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment is studied. Through the use of artificial mixed wastewater experiments,the results are as follows:The effect of pH on the effluent COD is not obvious, on the removal of NH3-N is very large. Taking into account of removal of organics and NH3-N, the pH should be controlled at 8.0.The removal rate of NH3-N decreased significantly with the increase of the NH3-N load. When the NH3-N load is 0.023 Kg/m3· d, the removal rate reach the maximum value. In this case,the load of COD is 1.1 Kg/ m3.d.
The Application of External Drainage from Intestinal Cavity in the Surgical Treatment for Neonates with Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Zhao Ji Xue , Zhang Chuan , Dong Chun Yu , Zhao Xue Song , Fu Xin
Published: August 2014

Object:To explore the feasibility and effects of external drainage from intestinal cavity in the surgical treatment for the neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conduct on 22 cases of newborns with extensive and multiple intestinal necrosis found intraoperatively, all of which could not accept first-stage resected, treated by traditional operation or by external drainage from intestinal cavity between January, 2008 to January 2013. Duration of operation, amount of bleeding, and the survival rate after operation were compared between the two groups, which were divided by surgical methods. Results: No significant difference was observed in age, amount of bleeding and body weight (P>0.05) between the two groups. However, duration of operation and the survival rate after operation were significantly shorter in the patients by external drainage from intestinal cavity than the patients by traditional operation (P<0.05). Conclusion: To compare traditional operation or external drainage from intestinal cavity of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates, a retrospective analysis conducted by us showed the feasibility and effects of external drainage from intestinal cavity of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates, and a significant advantage in duration of operation and the survival rate after operation.
Structural Dependences of Gunn Oscillations in a Planar Nano-Device
Authors: Xu Kun Yuan , Wang Ya Nan , Wang Zuo Nian
Published: August 2014

Gunn oscillations in a GaAs-based planar nanodevice are studied using a two-dimensional ensemble Monte Carlo (EMC) method. Current oscillations with a frequency of about 0.1 THz have been observed. The current oscillations are accompanied by electron domain evolution along the nanochannel. As such, they can be attributed to Gunn Effect. Further study shows that the Gunn oscillations are not only bias-dependent, but also structural-dependent. The threshold voltage and the amplitude of the oscillations are both related to the channel width and the asymmetry of the device structure.
Development and Evaluation of a Rapid Detection Technology of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Isolates from Specimen without Culture Based on LAMP and Bioinformatics
Authors: Li Yu , Zhang Xiao Mei , Liu Jiao Jiao , Yu Wen Jing , Li Ming Cheng
Published: August 2014

Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) was one common pathogen that caused pneumonia, meningitis, otitis media, and sepsis. The traditional culture methods costed long time and omission often existed. A new method was developed based on Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP). A series of primers of autolysin (lytA) from S. pneumoniae were designed with specific primers soft, and set up LAMP system in detection of S. pneumoniae. Comparison of specificity and sensitivity results with culture and PCR method in 50 samples collected from patients with respiratory infections. The data demonstrated that the selected primers and reaction system in LAMP were respond to S. pneumoniae,not cross reacted to others bacteria. The detection of sensitivity to LAMP was 102 CFU/mL. All of clinical specimens in the test, 9 cases (18.0%) were confirmed to be positive as S. pneumoniae,whereas, only 4(8.0%) were diagnosed by culture method. The LAMP technology has a specific, simple and accurate characteristic in differentiation S. Pneumoniae from clinical specimen.
RETRACTED: Comparison between Laparoscopic and Open Repair of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia in Neonates: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Dong Chun Yu , Zhang Chuan , Zhao Ji Xue , Zhang Hai Yu , Zhao Xue Song
Published: August 2014

Retracted paper: Object: To explore the feasibility of laparoscopic repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in neonates. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conduct on 14 cases of newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia treated by laparoscopic diaphragmatic repair or laparotomy between September 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013. Duration of operation, amount of bleeding, and length of stay were compared between the two groups, which were divided by surgical methods. Results: No significant difference was observed in duration of operation and amount of bleeding (P>0.05) between the two groups. However, length of stay was significantly shorter in the patients by laparoscopic diaphragmatic repair than the patients by laparotomy (P<0.05). Conclusion: To compare laparoscopic and open repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in neonates, a retrospective analysis conducted by us showed the feasibility of laparoscopic repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in neonates, and a significant advantage in length of stay.
Lung CT Image Segmentation Based on Mixture Active Contour Model
Authors: Tao Ke Qin , Qu Zhe , Wang Dong Dong
Published: August 2014

In order to solve the difficult problem in lung CT image segmentation, the segmentation method based on Mixture Active Contour Model is proposed and the learning algorithm is presented. It gets the prior information of lung CT image segmentation through Gaussian Mixture Model, couples the penalty term and edge detection of the level set function. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the method based on MACM in solving lung CT image segmentation.
Gesture Recognition by Analyzing Muscle Activity
Authors: Levanov Aleksey , Alfimcev Alexander
Published: August 2014

By analyzing muscle activity with the BioPlux device multiple user gestures can be recognized. Gestures are independently selected from each other. Relevance of the topic from the practical point of view is determined by the need to create a software system that can use sign language interface in real time. The main objective of this study is to create a simple game that can be controlled by using different hand movements.
In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of Black Soybean Peptide in Aging Mice Caused by D-Galactose
Authors: Wu Yong Hua , Liu En Qi , Zhang Jian Ping , Chen Shang Long , Li Yong , Geng Zhong Hua
Published: August 2014

Black soybean peptides (BSPs) with potent antioxidant activity were purified from black soybean protein hydrolysates (BSH) by using the ultrafiltration (UF) and macroporous adsorption resin (MAR), and in vivo antioxidant activity of the fraction BSP-DA-c was evaluated in aging mice induced by D-galactose. The results showed that orally administration of BSP-DA-c fraction at the dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg per day could remarkably increase (P<0.05) the activity of SOD and GSH-Px in liver and the activity of GSH-Px in serum, the contents of MDA in serum and liver were reduced significantly (P<0.05), inferred that BSP-DA-c had strong antioxidant activity in mice.
Research on the Connection Type between Evaporating Tube Bundle and a Steam Drum Shell on a Natural Circulation Marine Supercharged Boiler
Authors: Zheng Xin Wei , Hu Xue Cong , Wang Zhi Yu , Miao An Li
Published: August 2014

The research work, Ascertaining the connection type between evaporating tube bundle and a steam drum shell on a Natural Circulation marine supercharged boiler, is important. For this reason the method, calculating the low-cyle fatigue life of supercharged boiler steam drums put forward by Xin-wei Zheng, et al., was put to use; Based on the relevant basic data from design department and two typical running conditions of one supercharged boiler, the cumulative fatigue damage ratio of welding technique was calculated. The calculated result proves that it exceeds the maximum value of 1.0 and the upper limit value of 0.75 in fossil-fuel power plants, respectively. So welding technique can’t guarantee the low-cycle fatigue life of this steam drum, the only connection type is expanded joint, and the connection type has been put into practice.