bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single-photon sensitive light-in-fight imaging
Authors: Gariepy Genevieve , Krstajić Nikola , Henderson Robert , Li Chunyong , Thomson Robert R. , Buller Gerald S. , Heshmat Barmak , Raskar Ramesh , Leach Jonathan , Faccio Daniele
Published: January 2015

The ability to record images with extreme temporal resolution enables a diverse range of applications, such as fluorescence lifetime imaging, time-of-flight depth imaging and characterization of ultrafast processes. Recently, ultrafast imaging schemes have emerged, which require either long acquisition times or raster scanning and have a requirement for sufficient signal that can only be achieved when light is reflected off an object or diffused by a strongly scattering medium. Here we present a demonstration of the potential of single-photon detector arrays for visualization and rapid characterization of events evolving on picosecond time scales. The single-photon sensitivity, temporal resolution and full-field imaging capability enables the observation of light-in-flight in air, as well as the measurement of laser-induced plasma formation and dynamics in its natural environment. The extreme sensitivity and short acquisition times pave the way for real-time imaging of ultrafast processes or visualization and tracking of objects hidden from view.
A quantitative model for charge carrier transport, trapping and recombination in nanocrystal-based solar cells
Authors: Bozyigit Deniz , Lin Weyde M. M. , Yazdani Nuri , Yarema Olesya , Wood Vanessa
Published: January 2015

Improving devices incorporating solution-processed nanocrystal-based semiconductors requires a better understanding of charge transport in these complex, inorganic–organic materials. Here we perform a systematic study on PbS nanocrystal-based diodes using temperature-dependent current–voltage characterization and thermal admittance spectroscopy to develop a model for charge transport that is applicable to different nanocrystal-solids and device architectures. Our analysis confirms that charge transport occurs in states that derive from the quantum-confined electronic levels of the individual nanocrystals and is governed by diffusion-controlled trap-assisted recombination. The current is limited not by the Schottky effect, but by Fermi-level pinning because of trap states that is independent of the electrode–nanocrystal interface. Our model successfully explains the non-trivial trends in charge transport as a function of nanocrystal size and the origins of the trade-offs facing the optimization of nanocrystal-based solar cells. We use the insights from our charge transport model to formulate design guidelines for engineering higher-performance nanocrystal-based devices.
On the Existence of Low-Mass Dark Matter and its Direct Detection
Authors: Bateman James , McHardy Ian , Merle Alexander , Morris Tim R. , Ulbricht Hendrik
Published: January 2015

Dark Matter (DM) is an elusive form of matter which has been postulated to explain astronomical observations through its gravitational effects on stars and galaxies, gravitational lensing of light around these and through its imprint on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). This indirect evidence implies that DM accounts for as much as 84.5% of all matter in our Universe, yet it has so far evaded all attempts at direct detection, leaving such confirmation and the consequent discovery of its nature as one of the biggest challenges in modern physics. Here we present a novel form of low-mass DM χ that would have been missed by all experiments so far. While its large interaction strength might at first seem unlikely, neither constraints from particle physics nor cosmological/astronomical observations are sufficient to rule out this type of DM and it motivates our proposal for direct detection by optomechanics technology which should soon be within reach, namely, through the precise position measurement of a levitated mesoscopic particle which will be perturbed by elastic collisions with χ particles. We show that a recently proposed nanoparticle matter-wave interferometer, originally conceived for tests of the quantum superposition principle, is sensitive to these collisions, too.
Moderate drop in water table increases peatland vulnerability to post-fire regime shift
Authors: Kettridge N. , Turetsky M. R. , Sherwood J. H. , Thompson D. K. , Miller C. A. , Benscoter B. W. , Flannigan M. D. , Wotton B. M. , Waddington J. M.
Published: January 2015

Northern and tropical peatlands represent a globally significant carbon reserve accumulated over thousands of years of waterlogged conditions. It is unclear whether moderate drying predicted for northern peatlands will stimulate burning and carbon losses as has occurred in their smaller tropical counterparts where the carbon legacy has been destabilized due to severe drainage and deep peat fires. Capitalizing on a unique long-term experiment, we quantify the post-wildfire recovery of a northern peatland subjected to decadal drainage. We show that the moderate drop in water table position predicted for most northern regions triggers a shift in vegetation composition previously observed within only severely disturbed tropical peatlands. The combined impact of moderate drainage followed by wildfire converted the low productivity, moss-dominated peatland to a non-carbon accumulating shrub-grass ecosystem. This new ecosystem is likely to experience a low intensity, high frequency wildfire regime, which will further deplete the legacy of stored peat carbon.
Rapid screening of classic galactosemia patients: a proof-of-concept study using high-throughput FTIR analysis of plasma
Authors: Lacombe Caroline , Untereiner Valérie , Gobinet Cyril , Zater Mokhtar , Sockalingum Ganesh D. , Garnotel Roselyne
Published: January 2015

FTIR as a new approach to screen a rare disease.
2-Octylaminopyridine assisted solvent extraction system for selective separation of palladium(ii) ion-pair complex from synthetic mixtures and real samples
Authors: Suryavanshi Vishal J. , Pawar Rupali R. , Anuse Mansing A. , Mulik Ganpatrao N.
Published: January 2015

2-Octylaminopyridine assisted solvent extraction for selective separation and quantification of palladium(ii) ion-pair complexes from synthetic/real samples is developed.
Simultaneous voltammetric determination of aspartame and acesulfame-K in food products using an anodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode
Authors: Deroco Patrícia B. , Medeiros Roberta A. , Rocha-Filho Romeu C. , Fatibello-Filho Orlando
Published: January 2015

The sweeteners aspartame and acesulfame-K were successfully determined in food products by coupling differential pulse voltammetry with an anodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode.
Two solvent grinding sonication method for the synthesis of two-dimensional tungsten disulphide flakes
Authors: Carey Benjamin J. , Daeneke Torben , Nguyen Emily P. , Wang Yichao , Zhen Ou Jian , Zhuiykov Serge , Kalantar-zadeh Kourosh
Published: January 2015

Our investigations demonstrate the advantages of applying a two-solvent approach that produces high-yield two-dimensional WS2 flakes suitable for electronic, optical and catalytic applications.
An electron-poor di-molybdenum triple-decker with a puckered [B4Ru2] bridging ring is an oblato-closo cluster
Authors: Mondal Bijan , Mondal Bijnaneswar , Pal Koushik , Varghese Babu , Ghosh Sundargopal
Published: January 2015

An unprecedented, 22 valence-electron triple-decker sandwich complex [(Cp*Mo)2{μ-η6:η6-B4H4Ru2(CO)6}] has been prepared, which is the second example with the lowest recorded electron count among the triple-decker complexes.
A meso–meso directly linked porphyrin dimer-based double D–π–A sensitizer for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Zhang Tao , Qian Xing , Zhang Peng-Fei , Zhu Yi-Zhou , Zheng Jian-Yu
Published: January 2015

A novel double D–π–A branched dye (JY07) was synthesized and applied as a sensitizer for DSSCs.
Ellipsoid-shaped superparamagnetic nanoclusters through emulsion electrospinning
Authors: Bannwarth Markus B. , Camerlo Agathe , Ulrich Sebastian , Jakob Gerhard , Fortunato Giuseppino , Rossi René M. , Boesel Luciano F.
Published: January 2015

Ellipsoid-shaped nanoclusters composed of single superparamagnetic nanoparticles and possessing a high saturation magnetization can be generated by emulsion electrospinning.
From metallic cluster-based ceramics to nematic hybrid liquid crystals: a double supramolecular approach
Authors: Nayak Susanta K. , Amela-Cortes Maria , Roiland Claire , Cordier Stéphane , Molard Yann
Published: January 2015

Luminescent bulky anionic inorganic species are directly integrated in a liquid crystalline material by a double supramolecular approach combining host–guest and electrostatic interactions.
Palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbamoylation of isoquinoline N-oxides with formylamides by means of dual C–H oxidative coupling
Authors: Yao Bo , Deng Chen-Liang , Liu Yan , Tang Ri-Yuan , Zhang Xing-Guo , Li Jin-Heng
Published: January 2015

A new palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbamoylation reaction of isoquinoline N-oxides with formylamides for the synthesis of isoquinoline-1-carboxamides is described.
Exploring tertiary enamides as versatile synthons in organic synthesis
Authors: Wang Mei-Xiang
Published: January 2015

Contrary to the general belief, tertiary enamides are reactive and unique synthons for the construction of diverse heterocycles of biological significance.
A rare case of a dye co-crystal showing better dyeing performance
Authors: Qian Hui-Fen , Wang Yin-Ge , Geng Jiao , Huang Wei
Published: January 2015

A rare case of a dye co-crystal composed of a 1 : 1 molar ratio of two structural analogs is described showing better dyeing performance, and the dye co-crystal can be prepared by both recrystallization in solution and solid-state co-sublimation methods.
An ultrafast molecular rotor based ternary complex in a nanocavity: a potential “turn on” fluorescence sensor for the hydrocarbon chain
Authors: Murudkar Sushant , Mora Aruna K. , Singh Prabhat K. , Bandyopadhyay Tusar , Nath Sukhendu
Published: January 2015

Formation of a ternary complex by an ultrafast molecular rotor (UMR) with a macrocyclic cavitand has been investigated for the sensitive detection of the alkyl chain of a surfactant.
Binary cooperative NiCo2O4 on the nickel foams with quasi-two-dimensional precursors: a bridge between ‘supercapacitor’ and ‘battery’ in electrochemical energy storage
Authors: Peng Tao , Qian Zhongyu , Wang Jun , Qu Liangti , Wang Peng
Published: January 2015

We identify theoretically and experimentally binary cooperative nanoscale interfacial materials. An unusual phenomenon in the electrochemical test inspired us to establish a bridge between “supercapacitor” and “battery” which highlights a new design idea for high-performance energy storage.
Importance of protein flexibility in ranking inhibitor affinities: modeling the binding mechanisms of piperidine carboxamides as Type I1/2 ALK inhibitors
Authors: Kong Xiaotian , Pan Peichen , Li Dan , Tian Sheng , Li Youyong , Hou Tingjun
Published: January 2015

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has gained increased attention as an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of various cancers, especially non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Role of the environment in the stability of anisotropic gold particles
Authors: Cortes-Huerto Robinson , Goniakowski Jacek , Noguera Claudine
Published: January 2015

We highlight the conditions under which energy differences between isotropic and elongated gold nanoparticles are reduced, thus prompting their thermodynamic coexistence.
Hybrid energy storage: the merging of battery and supercapacitor chemistries
Authors: Dubal D. P. , Ayyad O. , Ruiz V. , Gómez-Romero P.
Published: January 2015

The integration of capacitive and faradaic energy storage mechanism in the form of hybrid materials, electrodes and devices aims at increasing energy and power densities for the next generation of electrochemical energy storage devices.
Lanthanide derivatives comprising arylhydrazones of β-diketones: cooperative E/Z isomerization and catalytic activity in nitroaldol reaction
Authors: Mahmudov Kamran T. , Guedes da Silva M. Fátima C. , Sutradhar Manas , Kopylovich Maximilian N. , Huseynov Fatali E. , Shamilov Nazim T. , Voronina Anna A. , Buslaeva Tatyana M. , Pombeiro Armando J. L.
Published: January 2015

RAHB and ionic interaction assisted E/Z→E isomerization of arylhydrazone of β-diketone is reported.
2-Adamantylidene and its heavier analogues: hyperconjugation versus lone pair stability and electrophilicity versus nucleophilicity
Authors: Nijesh Karikkeeriyil , Rojisha Vallyanga Chalil , De Susmita , Parameswaran Pattiyil
Published: January 2015

Too heavy to bend: The Cieplak-type hyperconjugative interaction mainly contributes to the stability of 2C and 2Si whereas the inertness of lone pairs is the major factor for 2Ge and 2Sn. These molecules (2X; X = C–Sn) can be classified as a class of ambiphilic compounds.
(1 − x)(K0.48Na0.52)(Nb0.95−y−zTazSby)O3–xBi0.5(Na0.82K0.18)0.5ZrO3 lead-free ceramics: composition dependence of the phase boundaries and electrical properties
Authors: Lv Xiang , Wu Jiagang , Xiao Dingquan , Tao Hong , Yuan Yuan , Zhu Jianguo , Wang Xiangjian , Lou Xiaojie
Published: January 2015

In this work, the KNNST-BNKZ-xyz ceramics were obtained, and the composition dependence of their phase structures and electrical properties was discussed.
Exploring the relationship between the optical properties of water and the quality and quantity of dissolved organic carbon in aquatic ecosystems: strong correlations do not always mean strong predictive power
Authors: Baldwin Darren. S. , Valo William
Published: January 2015

The robustness of empirical models derived from correlation studies needs to be independently verified before being relied on.
When iron met phosphines: a happy marriage for reduction catalysis
Authors: Misal Castro Luis C. , Li Haoquan , Sortais Jean-Baptiste , Darcel Christophe
Published: January 2015

This review highlights the recent and prolific progress made in the use of iron–phosphine based catalysts in selective reductions including enantioselective hydrogenation.
Controlled manipulation of Fe3O4nanoparticles in an oscillating magnetic field for fast ablation of microchannel occlusion
Authors: Gabayno Jacque Lynn F. , Liu Da-Wei , Chang Ming , Lin Yu-Hao
Published: January 2015

Non-contact and fast removal of microchannel occlusion is successfully demonstrated by steering Fe3O4nanoparticles in an oscillating magnetic field.
Polyphosphate-containing bisubstrate analogues as inhibitors of a bacterial cell wall thymidylyltransferase
Authors: Smithen Deborah A. , Forget Stephanie M. , McCormick Nicole E. , Syvitski Raymond T. , Jakeman David L.
Published: January 2015

The first synthesis and evaluation of bisubstrate analogues with a thymidylyltransferase is reported. WaterLOGSY NMR and kinetic analyses provide insight into bisubstrate analogue binding.
Synthesis of multifunctional poly(1-pyrenemethyl methacrylate)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly(N-methylolacrylamide)s and their electrospun nanofibers for metal ion sensory applications
Authors: Wang Jau-Tzeng , Chiu Yu-Cheng , Sun Han-Sheng , Yoshida Kohei , Chen Yougen , Satoh Toshifumi , Kakuchi Toyoji , Chen Wen-Chang
Published: January 2015

PPy-b-PNIPAAm-b-PNMA multifunctional triblock copolymers based electrospun nanofibers detected temperature variation or metal-ions with a high sensitivity.
Highly efficient NIR–NIR upconversion in potassium substituted CaMoO4:Tm3+, Yb3+ phosphor for potential biomedical applications
Authors: Luitel Hom Nath , Chand Rumi , Torikai Toshio , Yada Mitsunori , Watari Takanori
Published: January 2015

Highly efficient NIR to NIR upconversion in CaMoO4:Tm3+, Yb3+ nanocrystals pumped by less than 1 mW laser was achieved for biomedical applications.
Synthesizing graphenes directly on SiO2/Si in open environments by a dual flame method
Authors: Gang Wang , Yun Zhao , Ya Deng , Minjiang Chen , Li Tao , Xiaokun Fan , Wenbin Huang , Huaichao Yang , Lianfeng Sun
Published: January 2015

In this work, a simple, productive and low cost method is reported for synthesizing few-layer graphenes directly on SiO2/Si substrates.
Flying-seed-like liquid crystals. Part 4: a novel series of bulky substituents inducing mesomorphism instead of using long alkyl chains
Authors: Yoshioka Miho , Ohta Kazuchika , Yasutake Mikio
Published: January 2015

We have synthesized a novel series of flying-seed-like liquid crystals substituted by bulky groups instead of using long alkyl chains. The derivatives having methoxy group(s) at the meta position(s) of a phenoxy group tend to show mesophase(s).
HBT-based chemosensors for the detection of fluoride through deprotonation process: experimental and DFT studies
Authors: Liu Shudi , Zhang Liangwei , Zhou Panpan , Zan Wenyan , Yao Xiaojun , Yang Jingjun , Yang Ying
Published: January 2015

When searching to develop fluoride chemosensors based on O–H⋯F, we discovered that an HBT-based fluorophore containing a hydroxyl group was easily synthesized and displayed excellent fluorescence properties.
A triphenylene-based conjugated microporous polymer: construction, gas adsorption, and fluorescence detection properties
Authors: Han Jie , Fan Xia , Zhuang Zhan-Zhong , Song Wei-Chao , Chang Ze , Zhang Ying-Hui , Bu Xian-He
Published: January 2015

A conjugated microporous triphenylene-based polymer has been synthesized and characterized with high CO2 and H2 adsorption as well as fluorescent response to nitrobenzene.
Oxidative stability and reduction decomposition mechanism studies on a novel salt: lithium difluoro(sulfato)borate
Authors: Li Shiyou , Li Xiaopeng , Zhang Hongming , Mao Liping , Cui Xiaoling
Published: January 2015

The density functional theory calculation of the oxidative stability and reduction decomposition mechanism is quite an important factor for practical application.
Fabrication and electromagnetic wave absorption of novel Ni0.4Zn0.2Mn0.4Ce0.06Fe1.94O4–carbonyl iron composites
Authors: Yuan Liu , Xiang Xuan Liu , Rong Li , Ying Li
Published: January 2015

Ni0.4Zn0.2Mn0.4Ce0.06Fe1.94O4 (NZMCF)–carbonyl iron (CI) composites were fabricated using metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and were used as electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials.
Effect of overexpression of endogenous and exogenous Streptomyces antibiotic regulatory proteins on tacrolimus (FK506) production in Streptomyces sp. KCCM11116P
Authors: Chen Chao , Zhao Xinqing , Chen Liangyu , Jin Yingyu , Zhao Zongbao K. , Suh Joo-Won
Published: January 2015

Overexpression of SARPs enhanced FK506 production in Streptomyces sp. KCCM1116P. The endogenous SARPs improved production titer, whereas the exogenous SARP enhanced productivity at the early fermentation stage.
A facile route to fabricate a biodegradable hydrogel for controlled pesticide release
Authors: Sheng Wenbo , Ma Shuanhong , Li Wei , Liu Zhiqing , Guo Xuhong , Jia Xin
Published: January 2015

An environmentally friendly hydrogel induced by hydrazone bond formation can be triggered with the temperature and pH to achieve controllable avermectin release.
Recent progress in the Lewis acid co-initiated cationic polymerization of isobutylene and 1,3-dienes
Authors: Kostjuk Sergei V.
Published: January 2015

This article reviews recent approaches towards the synthesis ofexo-olefin terminated polyisobutylenes and well-defined poly(1,3-diene)s based on their scientific and industrial relevance.
Lanthanide-supported molybdenum–vanadium oxide clusters: syntheses, structures and catalytic properties
Authors: Fei Fei , An Haiyan , Meng Changgong , Wang Lin , Wang Huilong
Published: January 2015

Three new species, originating from β-[Mo6V2O26]6− polyoxoanion and lanthanides, as heterogeneous catalysts exhibit good catalytic activities toward the cyanosilylation reaction.
Diverse zinc(ii) coordination assemblies built on divergent 4,2′:6′,4′′-terpyridine derivatives: syntheses, structures and catalytic properties
Authors: Zhang Guoqi , Jia Yi-Xia , Chen Wenbo , Lo Wen-Feng , Brathwaite Nyeisha , Golen James A. , Rheingold Arnold L.
Published: January 2015

Diverse Zn(ii) metal–organic assemblies of 4,2′:6′,4′′-terpyridine derivatives were structurally characterized and applied for catalytic transesterification of phenyl acetate with alcohols.
An unusual transition from point-like to fibrillar crystals in injection-molded polyethylene articles induced by lightly cross-linking and melt penetration
Authors: Zhang Rui-Yan , Yang Wei , Zhang Kai , Feng Jian , Zhu Chun-Xia , Xia Xiao-Chao , He Shan , Feng Jian-Ming , Liu Zheng-Ying , Yang Ming-Bo
Published: January 2015

Recently, an unusual transition from point-like to fibrillar crystals has been realized by lightly cross-linking structure and melt penetration.
Stable manganese carbonyl radicals as a rapid colorimetric thiol and hydrazine sensor
Authors: Poh Hwa Tiong , Chwee Tsz Sian , Fan Wai Yip
Published: January 2015

A stable manganese carbonyl radical serves as a rapid and sensitive colorimetric sensor for thiols and hydrazines.
A facile one-pot synthesis of l-DOPA imprinted silica nanospheres for chiral separation and in vitro controlled release
Authors: Kao Chang-Long , Chen Yan-Fu , Huang Ping-Chih , Hsu Ching-Yun , Kuei Chun-Hsiung
Published: January 2015

A facile one-pot synthesis of l-DOPA imprinted silica nanospheres for chiral separation and in vitro controlled release.
Porous hexagonal cobalt oxyhydroxide sheets with attached nickel hydroxide nanoparticles as electrode materials for electrochemical supercapacitors
Authors: Wu Mao-Sung , Tsai Chun-Yi , Lai Yu-Sheng
Published: January 2015

Ultra small Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles are directly grown on the porous conductive CoOOH sheet using cathodic electrophoresis as the high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitor application.
The rheology of aqueous solutions of ethyl hydroxy-ethyl cellulose (EHEC) and its hydrophobically modified analogue (hmEHEC): extensional flow response in capillary break-up, jetting (ROJER) and in a cross-slot extensional rheometer
Authors: Sharma Vivek , Haward Simon J. , Serdy James , Keshavarz Bavand , Soderlund Asa , Threlfall-Holmes Phil , McKinley Gareth H.
Published: January 2015

Extensional rheological measurements of EHEC and hmEHEC solutions reveal bounded extensional thickening.
Fabrication of MMMs with improved gas separation properties using externally-functionalized MOF particles
Authors: Venna Surendar R. , Lartey Michael , Li Tao , Spore Alex , Kumar Santosh , Nulwala Hunaid B. , Luebke David R. , Rosi Nathaniel L. , Albenze Erik
Published: January 2015

MOF particles are surface-functionalized to achieve an improved polymer–particle interaction in mixed matrix membranes. Compared to the neat polymer, the membranes have 3 times higher CO2 permeability with ~25% improvement in CO2/N2 selectivity.
Diol glycidyl ether-bridged low molecular weight PEI as potential gene delivery vehicles
Authors: Guo Qian , Liu Yan-Hong , Xun Miao-Miao , Zhang Ji , Huang Zheng , Zhou Xue-Dong , Yu Xiao-Qi
Published: January 2015

PEI 600-based polymers were synthesized via ring-opening polymerization and exhibited much better transfection efficiency and biocompatibility than PEI 25 kDa.
Tunable luminescence and energy transfer properties in Ca8MgLu(PO4)7:Ce3+,Tb3+,Mn2+ phosphors
Authors: Mi Xiaoyun , Sun Jiacheng , Zhou Peng , Zhou Hongyan , Song Di , Li Kai , Shang Mengmeng , Lin Jun
Published: January 2015

The chromaticity coordinates of CMLP:0.02 Ce3+,xTb3+ and CMLP:0.02 Ce3+,yMn2+ shift from the blue to red (arrow a) and green region (arrow b) respectively, as the value of x and y increase based on the energy transfers from Ce3+ to Tb3+ and Mn2+. White light is obtained in CMLP:0.02Ce3+,0.04Tb3+,0.04Mn2+.
Lead molybdate – a promising material for optoelectronics and photocatalysis
Authors: Kwolek Przemysław , Pilarczyk Kacper , Tokarski Tomasz , Łapczyńska Marta , Pacia Michał , Szaciłowski Konrad
Published: January 2015

The well-known PbMoO4 material exhibits novel properties.
An ultrafast response grating structural ZnO photodetector with back-to-back Schottky barriers produced by hydrothermal growth
Authors: Park Cheolmin , Lee Jihye , So Hye-Mi , Chang Won Seok
Published: January 2015

Nanostructured ZnO UV photodetector produced by UV-NIL with hydrothermal growth achieved ultrafast response time.
Temperature-controlled morphology evolution of porphyrin nanostructures at an oil–aqueous interface
Authors: Cai Jinhua , Wang Ting , Wang Jingxia , Song Yanlin , Jiang Lei
Published: January 2015

The facile fabrication of various porphyrin nanostructures at an oil–aqueous interface is demonstrated. The obtained structures vary depending on assembly temperature, and include tree-, wavy-, honeycomb, ring-, skeleton-, jar-, hollow spherical and flask-like.
Label-free signal-on ATP aptasensor based on the remarkable quenching of tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(ii) electrochemiluminescence by single-walled carbon nanohorn
Authors: Liu Zhongyuan , Zhang Wei , Qi Wenjing , Gao Wenyue , Hanif Saima , Saqib Muhammad , Xu Guobao
Published: January 2015

The quenching of electrochemiluminescence by SWCNH has been reported for the first time. It enables the development of a sensitive, label-free, and signal-on ATP aptasensor using SWCNH as both quencher and scaffold.
Mixed-matrix membranes containing functionalized porous metal–organic polyhedrons for the effective separation of CO2–CH4 mixture
Authors: Ma Jing , Ying Yunpan , Yang Qingyuan , Ban Yujie , Huang Hongliang , Guo Xiangyu , Xiao Yuanlong , Liu Dahuan , Li Yanshuo , Yang Weishen , Zhong Chongli
Published: January 2015

The gas permeability and separation factor for CO2–CH4 separation were improved simultaneously in mixed-matrix membranes formed by metal–organic polyhedrons and polysulfone.
Novel photoluminescence properties and enhanced photocatalytic activities for V2O5-loaded ZnO nanorods
Authors: Yin Haihong , Yu Ke , Hu Jingjing , Song Changqing , Guo Bangjun , Wang Zhiliang , Zhu Ziqiang
Published: January 2015

V2O5/ZnO heteronanorods were synthesized at different oxidization temperatures, novel PL properties and enhanced photocatalytic activities were investigated, and the influences of the V doping, the defect concentration and the particle crystallinity were discussed.
Flavan hetero-dimers in the Cymbopogon citratus infusion tannin fraction and their contribution to the antioxidant activity
Authors: Costa Gustavo , González-Manzano Susana , González-Paramás Ana , Figueiredo Isabel Vitória , Santos-Buelga Celestino , Batista Maria Teresa
Published: January 2015

For the first time, flavan heterodimers were identified in Cymbopogon citratus infusion. These compounds seem to be the main contributors to the overall antioxidant properties of the lemongrass infusion.
A new method for the synthesis of difluoromethyl enol ethers by O-difluoromethylation of 1,3-diones with ClCF2CO2Et
Authors: Lin Xiaoxi , Weng Zhiqiang
Published: January 2015

A simple method for the synthesis of difluoromethyl enol ethers via O-difluoromethylation of 1,3-diones using inexpensive and commercially available ClCF2CO2Et was developed.
Synthesis of poly(stearyl methacrylate-b-3-phenylpropyl methacrylate) nanoparticles in n-octane and associated thermoreversible polymorphism
Authors: Pei Yiwen , Sugita Odilia R. , Thurairajah Luckshen , Lowe Andrew B.
Published: January 2015

Poly(stearyl methacrylate) with average degrees of polymerization ranging from 18–30 were prepared by RAFT radical polymerization and then employed as macro-chain transfer agents in RAFT dispersion formulations with 3-phenylpropyl methacrylate as the comonomer.
Silica molybdic acid catalysed eco-friendly three component synthesis of functionalised tetrazole derivatives under microwave irradiation in water
Authors: Ahmed Nayeem , Siddiqui Zeba N.
Published: January 2015

An efficient, green and convenient method for the preparation of new tetrazole derivatives using silica molybdic acid as a recyclable and heterogeneous catalyst is reported.
Electrophilic bis-fluorophosphonium dications: Lewis acid catalysts from diphosphines
Authors: Holthausen Michael H. , Hiranandani Rashi R. , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: January 2015

A series of electrophilic bis-fluorophosphonium dications dervied from diphosphines with naphthalene- and (oligo)methylene-linkers is presented. The resulting Lewis acidity is demonstrated to depend on the spatial proximity between the P moieties as evidenced in several Lewis acid catalyzed transformations.
Synthesis and characterization of poly-Schiff bases with a donor–acceptor structure containing thiophene units as thermoelectric materials
Authors: Li Junjie , Lai Chunhua , Xiang Xiongzhi , Wang Lei
Published: January 2015

A Poly-Schiff base (PSB) with a donor–acceptor structure was successfully synthesized and was blended with different fillers to prepare polymer–inorganic thermoelectric (TE) composites. It is the first time that PSB was treated as a TE material.
Microscopic properties of degradation-free capped GdN thin films studied by electron spin resonance
Authors: Shimokawa Tokuro , Fukuoka Yohei , Fujisawa Masashi , Zhang Weimin , Okubo Susumu , Sakurai Takahiro , Ohta Hitoshi , Vidyasagar Reddithota , Yoshitomi Hiroaki , Kitayama Shinya , Kita Takashi
Published: January 2015

The microscopic magnetic properties of high-quality GdN thin films have been investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR) and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements. Detailed temperature dependence ESR measurements have shown the existence of two ferromagnetic components at lower temperatures, which was not clear from the previous magnetization measurements. The temperature, where the resonance shift occurs for the major ferromagnetic component, seems to be consistent with the Curie temperature obtained from the previous magnetization measurement. On the other hand, the divergence of line width is observed around 57 K for the minor ferromagnetic component. The magnetic anisotropies of GdN thin films have been obtained by the analysis of FMR angular dependence observed at 4.2 K. Combining the X-ray diffraction results, the correlation between the magnetic anisotropies and the lattice constants is discussed.
Absolute/convective instability of planar viscoelastic jets
Authors: Ray Prasun K. , Zaki Tamer A.
Published: January 2015

Spatiotemporal linear stability analysis is used to investigate the onset of local absolute instability in planar viscoelastic jets. The influence of viscoelasticity in dilute polymer solutions is modeled with the FENE-P constitutive equation which requires the specification of a non-dimensional polymer relaxation time (the Weissenberg number, We), the maximum polymer extensibility, L, and the ratio of solvent and solution viscosities, β. A two-parameter family of velocity profiles is used as the base state with the parameter, S, controlling the amount of co- or counter-flow while N−1 sets the thickness of the jet shear layer. We examine how the variation of these fluid and flow parameters affects the minimum value of S at which the flow becomes locally absolutely unstable. Initially setting the Reynolds number to Re = 500, we find that the first varicose jet-column mode dictates the presence of absolute instability, and increasing the Weissenberg number produces important changes in the nature of the instability. The region of absolute instability shifts towards thin shear layers, and the amount of back-flow needed for absolute instability decreases (i.e., the influence of viscoelasticity is destabilizing). Additionally, when We is sufficiently large and N−1 is sufficiently small, single-stream jets become absolutely unstable. Numerical experiments with approximate equations show that both the polymer and solvent contributions to the stress become destabilizing when the scaled shear rate, η=WedU¯1dx2L (dU¯1dx2 is the base-state velocity gradient), is sufficiently large. These qualitative trends are largely unchanged when the Reynolds number is reduced; however, the relative importance of the destabilizing stresses increases tangibly. Consequently, absolute instability is substantially enhanced, and single-stream jets become absolutely unstable over a sizable portion of the parameter space.
Enhanced spin Hall effect by electron correlations in CuBi alloys
Authors: Gu Bo , Xu Zhuo , Mori Michiyasu , Ziman Timothy , Maekawa Sadamichi
Published: January 2015

A recent experiment in CuBi alloys obtained a large spin Hall angle (SHA) of −0.24 (Niimi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 156602 (2012)). We find that the SHA can be dramatically enhanced by Bi impurities close to the Cu surface. The mechanisms of this enhancement are two-fold. One is that the localized impurity state on surface has a decreased hybridization and combined with Coulomb correlation effect. The other comes from the low-dimensional state of conduction electrons on surface, which results in a further enhancement of skew scattering by impurities. Furthermore, we note that a discrepancy in sign of SHA between the experiment and previous theories is simply caused by different definitions of SHA. This re-establishes skew scattering as the essential mechanism underlying the spin Hall effect in CuBi alloys.
Ruthenium-europium configuration in the Eu2Ru2O7 pyrochlore
Authors: Muñoz Pérez S. , Cobas R. , Cadogan J. M. , Albino Aguiar J. , Streltsov S. V. , Obradors X.
Published: January 2015

The magnetic and electronic properties of Eu2Ru2O7 are discussed in terms of the local ruthenium and europium coordination, electronic band structure calculations, and molecular orbital energy levels. A preliminary electronic structure was calculated within the local density approximation (LDA) and local spin density approximation taking in to account on-site Hubbard U (LSDA + U). The molecular orbital energy level diagrams have been used to interpret the Eu-Ru ligand spectrum and the ensuing magnetic properties. The orbital hybridizations and bonds are discussed.
Measurement of weak magnetic field of corrosion current of isolated corrosion center
Authors: Bardin I. V. , Bautin V. A. , Gudoshnikov S. A. , Ljubimov B. Ya. , Usov N. A.
Published: January 2015

A very small magnetic field of corrosion current, of the order of 10−4 Oe, generated by isolated zinc inclusion in a copper platelet placed in electrolyte has been measured for the first time with a highly sensitive giant magneto-impedance magnetometer. The total corrosion current of the inclusion is estimated comparing the measured magnetic field distribution with corresponding theoretical calculation. The estimated value of the total corrosion current turns out to be in reasonable agreement with that one obtained in the standard gravimetric measurement.
Probing flexible conformations in molecular junctions by inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy
Authors: Deng Mingsen , Ye Gui , Cai Shaohong , Sun Guangyu , Jiang Jun
Published: January 2015

The probe of flexible molecular conformation is crucial for the electric application of molecular systems. We have developed a theoretical procedure to analyze the couplings of molecular local vibrations with the electron transportation process, which enables us to evaluate the structural fingerprints of some vibrational modes in the inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS). Based on a model molecule of Bis-(4-mercaptophenyl)-ether with a flexible center angle, we have revealed and validated a simple mathematical relationship between IETS signals and molecular angles. Our results might open a route to quantitatively measure key geometrical parameters of molecular junctions, which helps to achieve precise control of molecular devices.
Monte Carlo analysis of transient electron transport in wurtzite Zn1−xMgxO combined with first principles calculations
Authors: Wang Ping , Hu Linlin , Yang Yintang , Shan Xuefei , Song Jiuxu , Guo Lixin , Zhang Zhiyong
Published: January 2015

Transient characteristics of wurtzite Zn1−xMgxO are investigated using a three-valley Ensemble Monte Carlo model verified by the agreement between the simulated low-field mobility and the experiment result reported. The electronic structures are obtained by first principles calculations with density functional theory. The results show that the peak electron drift velocities of Zn1−xMgxO (x = 11.1%, 16.7%, 19.4%, 25%) at 3000 kV/cm are 3.735 × 107, 2.133 × 107, 1.889 × 107, 1.295 × 107 cm/s, respectively. With the increase of Mg concentration, a higher electric field is required for the onset of velocity overshoot. When the applied field exceeds 2000 kV/cm and 2500 kV/cm, a phenomena of velocity undershoot is observed in Zn0.889Mg0.111O and Zn0.833Mg0.167O respectively, while it is not observed for Zn0.806Mg0.194O and Zn0.75Mg0.25O even at 3000 kV/cm which is especially important for high frequency devices.
Growth and yield responses in wheat and barley to potassium supply under drought or moderately saline conditions in the south-west of Western Australia
Authors: Ma Qifu , Bell Richard , Scanlan Craig , Sarre Gavin , Brennan Ross
Published: January 2015

This study assessed whether more potassium (K) was required for optimal growth and grain yield of cereal crops under drought and salinity than under non-stressed conditions. In 2011, three experiments on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with four K rates (0, 20, 40, 80 kg K/ha), four application times (0, 5, 10, 15 weeks after sowing, WAS) and two sources (KCl, K2SO4) were conducted in the central and southern grainbelts of Western Australia. The lack of plant response to K supply at the sites of Bolgart (36 mg K/kg at 0–30 cm) and Borden (25 mg K/kg at 0–30 cm), compared with significant gain in K uptake, dry matter and grain yield at Dowerin (29 mg K/kg at 0–30 cm), was not explained by differences in soil K levels. However, rain fell regularly through the growing season at Bolgart and Borden, whereas a dry spell occurred from stem elongation to grain development at Dowerin. The effectiveness of K application time followed the trend of 0, 5 > 10 > 15 WAS. In 2012, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was grown on a moderately saline (saturation extract electrical conductivity ~4 dS/m) and low K (20 mg K/kg) farm in the central grainbelt and treated with 0, 20, 40 and 120 kg K/ha. Applying K increased K uptake but decreased Na uptake, especially at 120 kg K/ha. Plant growth and grain yield increased with K supply, but the difference between the K rates was relatively small, indicating possible partial K substitution by Na. Higher than normal fertiliser K supply on low K soils would enhance the adaptation by cereals to water-limited environments, but K-fertiliser management on moderately saline soils may need to account for both K and Na uptake and use by the crops.
Cultural implications of late Holocene climate change in the Cuenca Oriental, Mexico
Authors: Bhattacharya Tripti , Byrne Roger , Böhnel Harald , Wogau Kurt , Kienel Ulrike , Ingram B. Lynn , Zimmerman Susan
Published: January 2015

Significance

Researchers have long invoked drought to explain the demise of many pre-Columbian Mesoamerican sites. However, the climatic history of many regions of Mesoamerica remains poorly understood. This includes the region around Cantona, a large fortified city in highland Mexico that was abandoned between 900 CE and 1050 CE. We used stable isotopes and elemental concentrations from lake sediments to reconstruct past climate, and found evidence of regional aridity between 500 CE and 1150 CE. In the initial phase of drought, Cantona’s population grew, possibly as a result of regional political instability. However, by 1050 CE, long-term environmental stress likely contributed to the city’s abandonment. Our work highlights the interplay of environmental and political factors in past human responses to climate change.
p53 at the endoplasmic reticulum regulates apoptosis in a Ca
2+
-dependent manner
Authors: Giorgi Carlotta , Bonora Massimo , Sorrentino Giovanni , Missiroli Sonia , Poletti Federica , Suski Jan M. , Galindo Ramirez Fabian , Rizzuto Rosario , Di Virgilio Francesco , Zito Ester , Pandolfi Pier Paolo , Wieckowski Mariusz R. , Mammano Fabio , Del Sal Giannino , Pinton Paolo
Published: January 2015

Significance

Accumulating evidence has underscored the role of cytosolic p53 in promoting cell death. Different reports have revealed that p53 participates in apoptosis induction by acting directly at mitochondria. However, because p53 can mediate apoptosis without its DNA-binding domain (the domain proposed to be fundamental for the targeting of p53 to mitochondria), the mitochondrial localization of p53 is likely not the only transcription-independent mechanism by which p53 promotes apoptosis. Here we demonstrate that p53 at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and at mitochondria-associated membranes, interacting with sarco/ER Ca
2+
-ATPase pumps, modulates ER–mitochondria cross-talk and, in turn, Ca
2+
-dependent apoptosis.
Chemical signature of magnetotactic bacteria
Authors: Amor Matthieu , Busigny Vincent , Durand-Dubief Mickaël , Tharaud Mickaël , Ona-Nguema Georges , Gélabert Alexandre , Alphandéry Edouard , Menguy Nicolas , Benedetti Marc F. , Chebbi Imène , Guyot François
Published: January 2015

Significance

Magnetite precipitates through either abiotic or biotic processes. Magnetotactic bacteria synthesize nanosized magnetite intracellularly and may represent one of the most ancient biomineralizing organisms. Thus, identifying bacterial magnetofossils in ancient sediments remains a key point to constrain life evolution over geological times. Although electron microscopy and magnetic characterizations allow identification of recent bacterial magnetofossils, sediment aging leads to variable dissolution or alteration of magnetite, potentially yielding crystals that barely preserve their structural integrity. Thus, reliable biosignatures surviving such modifications are still needed for distinguishing biogenic from abiotic magnetite. Here, we performed magnetotactic bacteria cultures and laboratory syntheses of abiotic magnetites. We quantified trace element incorporation into both types of magnetite, which allowed us to establish criteria for biomagnetite identification.
Knot theory realizations in nematic colloids
Authors: Čopar Simon , Tkalec Uroš , Muševič Igor , Žumer Slobodan
Published: January 2015

Significance

Knot theory is a branch of topology that deals with study and classification of closed loops in 3D Euclidean space. Creation and control of knots in physical systems is the pinnacle of technical expertise, pushing forward state-of-the-art experimental approaches as well as theoretical understanding of topology in selected medium. We show how several abstract concepts manifest elegantly as observable and measurable features in nematic colloids with knotted disclination lines. Construction of medial graphs, surfaces, and Jones polynomials is showcased directly on experimental images, and adapted for the specific system of colloidal crystals in a twisted nematic cell. Discussing the correspondence between topological concepts and experimental observation is essential for building the bridge between mathematical and physical communities.
Charge disproportionation and the pressure-induced insulator–metal transition in cubic perovskite PbCrO
3
Authors: Cheng Jinguang , Kweon K. E. , Larregola S. A. , Ding Yang , Shirako Y. , Marshall L. G. , Li Z.-Y. , Li X. , dos Santos António M. , Suchomel M. R. , Matsubayashi K. , Uwatoko Y. , Hwang G. S. , Goodenough John B. , Zhou J.-S.
Published: January 2015

Significance

The steric activity of the lone pair electrons of Pb
2+
-containing compounds distorts the crystal structure and produces exotic physical properties. In ferroelectric PbTiO
3
and PbVO
3
, the lone-pair electrons hybridizing with the oxygen lead to polarized MO
6
octahedra. In PbRuO
3
, the hybridization induces unprecedented Pb-Ru bonds at high pressure. The sterochemical effect in PbCrO
3
makes Pb bond with oxygen without a long-range periodicity. Under the influence of displaced Pb
2+
, Cr
4+
undergoes a charge disproportionation that opens up a gap. In contrast to the pressure effect on PbTiO
3
and PbRuO
3
, pressure restores the undistorted perovskite structure in PbCrO
3
. This result implies that the sterochemical effect of Pb
2+
in a perovskite depends sensitively on the number and energy of the
d
electrons.
GPR17 gene disruption does not alter food intake or glucose homeostasis in mice
Authors: Mastaitis Jason , Min Soo , Elvert Ralf , Kannt Aimo , Xin Yurong , Ochoa Francisca , Gale Nicholas W. , Valenzuela David M. , Murphy Andrew J. , Yancopoulos George D. , Gromada Jesper
Published: January 2015

Significance

Hypothalamic agouti-related peptide (AGRP) neurons control food intake and body weight. G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) was recently shown to be expressed in these neurons and controls their activity, thereby reducing body weight and food intake in mice. In the current study, we demonstrate that
Gpr17
-deficient mice have normal hypothalamic and circulating AGRP levels. Body weight, food intake, and glucose homeostasis appear normal in the GPR17-deficient mice. The current data do not validate GPR17 as a therapeutic target for obesity or type 2 diabetes.
Misinterpretations in agreement and agreement attraction
Authors: Patson Nikole D. , Husband E. Matthew
Published: January 2015

It has been well established that subject–verb number agreement can be disrupted by local noun phrases that differ in number from the subject head noun phrase. In sentence production, mismatches in the grammatical number of the head and local noun phrases lead to agreement errors on the verb as in: the key to the cabinets are. Similarly, although ungrammaticality typically causes disruption in measures of sentence comprehension, the disruption is reduced when the local noun phrase has a plural feature. Using a forced-choice comprehension question method, we report two experiments that provide evidence that comprehenders were likely to misinterpret the number information on the head noun phrase when morphosyntactic number markings on the local noun phrase and verb did not match the head. These results are consistent with a growing body of research that suggests that comprehenders often arrive at a final interpretation of a sentence that is not faithful to the linguistic input.
Effects of Drying Processing Conditions on the Quality of Uncooked and Cooked Pasta Made Up of Nonconventional Raw Material
Authors: Severini Carla , De Pilli Teresa , Derossi Antonio , Giuliani Roma
Published: January 2015

Drying process plays a fundamental role in pasta making. The greatest number of studies have been focused on the optimization of drying conditions for semolina pasta, and the obtained results have been applied in a similar way on pasta made up of nonconventional raw materials without considering a processing optimization. The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of different drying treatments (low, medium, and high temperature) on the quality of uncooked and cooked soft wheat pasta enriched with oat flour. Results of total organic matter and dried residue showed no significant difference between samples dried by medium and high temperature treatments. Moreover, these last samples showed a slight improvement in cooking quality over samples dried at low temperature (total organic matter results were 1.31 versus 1.66 g/100 g of dried pasta). This study revealed that the improvement of cooking quality of pasta enriched with oat flour did not require the application of high drying temperature (>80°C) that involves a considerable consumption of energy and could favor the development of a Maillard reaction, decreasing quality characteristics of this kind of product.