bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Persimmon Tannin-Aloe vera Composite on Cytotoxic Activities, and Radioprotection Against X-rays Irradiated in Human Hepatoma and Hepatic Cells
Authors: Liu Zhi-Gao , Qian Xi , Wang Zhong-Min , Ning Jin-Liang , Qin Chao-Ke , Huang Zhi-Min , Li Yan-Ming , He Na , Lin Da-Hong , Zhou Zhi-De , Li Gui-Yin
Published: October 2021

A persimmon tannin-Aloe vera composite powder (PT-A) was investigated for its capacity to protect against ionizing radiation. Human hepatic cells (L02 cells) and human hepatoma cells (HepG2 cells) were pretreated with different concentrations of PT-A or the single compounds (PT
or Aloe vera) and radiated with X-rays. After radiation and post-incubation for 12 h or 24 h, the cell viability, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8), 2′,7′-dichlorfluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining,
and Hoechst 33258 staining/flow cytometry, respectively. CCK-8 results illustrated that the optimal radiation dose L02 cells was 8 Gy for L02 cells, and the cell activity was 71.72% (IC50 = 412.1 μg/mL) after post-radiation incubation of 12 h. For HepG2 cells, the optimal radiation
dose was 8 Gy, and the cell activity was 62.37% (IC50 = 213.0 μg/mL). The cell apoptotic rate was the lowest at a PT-A concentration of 200 μg/mL in L02 cells (4.32%, P < 0.05), and at 100 μg/mL in HepG2 cells (9.80%, P < 0.05). ROS production induced
by radiation could be effectively inhibited by 200 μg/mL of PT-A in L02 cells, and by 100 μg/mL of PT-A in HepG2 cells. The PT-A composite has good radioprotective effects on cell vitality and apoptosis of X-rays radiation exposure towards L02 cells and HepG2 cells compared to the persimmon
tannin or Aloe vera. Therefore, PT-A composite might be useful as a natural, harmless anti-ionizing radiation agent, and has various clinical application prospects in future.
Rapidly Progressive Complicated Acute Bacterial Sinusitis in the Setting of Severe Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Arteaga Alberto A. , Tran Jessica , Frey Hudson , Lewis Andrea F.
Published: October 2021

Objective:

This case report presents a case of a rapidly progressive complicated sinus infection in a child with the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Methods:

Case report with literature review.

Results/Case Report:

We present a novel case of severe rapidly progressive complicated sinusitis in a 14-year-old African American male diagnosed with the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Infection was caused by an aggressive pathogen, Streptococcus intermedius (anginosus), and within 48 hours progressed to orbital, subgaleal, and intracranial abscess, requiring multidisciplinary intervention by ophthalmology, neurosurgery, and otolaryngology. Following surgical intervention and a 4-week course of intravenous antibiotic therapy, the patient had resolution of the infection with no neurologic sequelae.

Conclusion:

Despite the low incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, physicians should be aware that immunologic changes and the cytokine storm induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can potentially predispose patients to severe bacterial or opportunistic infections. As more cases of MIS-C develop, associated complications can become evident. Similar cases of SARS-CoV-2 and severe bacterial sinusitis have been published in the literature, but it remains unclear if there is an association between SARS-CoV-2 disease and an increased risk of complicated sinusitis in children.
Comorbidity between mood and substance-related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Saha Sukanta , Lim Carmen CW , Degenhardt Louisa , Cannon Danielle L , Bremner Monique , Prentis Finley , Lawrence Zoe , Heffernan Ed , Meurk Carla , Reilly John , McGrath John J
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives:

Evidence indicates that mood disorders often co-occur with substance-related disorders. However, pooling comorbidity estimates can be challenging due to heterogeneity in diagnostic criteria and in the overall study design. The aim of this study was to systematically review and, where appropriate, meta-analyse estimates related to the pairwise comorbidity between mood disorders and substance-related disorders, after sorting these estimates by various study designs.

Methods:

We searched PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science for publications between 1980 and 2017 regardless of geographical location and language. We meta-analysed estimates from original articles in 4 broadly defined mood and 35 substance-related disorders.

Results:

After multiple eligibility steps, we included 120 studies for quantitative analysis. In general, regardless of variations in diagnosis type, temporal order or use of adjustments, there was substantial comorbidity between mood and substance-related disorders. We found a sixfold elevated risk between broadly defined mood disorder and drug dependence (odds ratio = 5.7) and fivefold risk between depression and cannabis dependence (odds ratio = 4.9) while the highest pooled estimate, based on period prevalence risk, was found between broadly defined dysthymic disorder and drug dependence (odds ratio = 11.3). Based on 56 separate meta-analyses, all pooled odds ratios were above 1, and 46 were significantly greater than 1 (i.e. the 95% confidence intervals did not include 1).

Conclusion:

This review found robust and consistent evidence of an increased risk of comorbidity between many combinations of mood and substance-related disorders. We also identified a number of under-researched mood and substance-related disorders, suitable for future scrutiny. This review reinforces the need for clinicians to remain vigilant in order to promptly identify and treat these common types of comorbidity.
Child Sexual Abuse in South Africa: A Criminological Case Study Analysis Exploring a Life-Course-Persistent Pathway for Serial Rape and Murder
Authors: Bougard Nigel Bradely , Hesselink Anni
Published: October 2021

Child sexual abuse and the criminogenesis thereof are notably not perpetrated in isolation from physical and emotional abuse – although empirical evidence suggests that the most profound impact thereof revolves around a desire to escape (as a coping mechanism) into a world of deviant sexual fantasy, rape and murder. The article explores a phenomenological case study analysis of a serial rapist and murderer from birth to early adulthood, prior to incarceration – and it depicts an existence driven by fatal sadistic sexual desires, hate and lethal intent. The researchers conducted face-to-face interviews with the participant comprising of three one-hour interviews, with the aid of a semi-structured interview schedule. The study highlighted the need for a proactive response in rendering psychosocial services to the abused child.
From the Heart of the Father to the Ends of the Earth: The Participation of the Church and the Baptized in the Mission of Jesus
Authors: Brock Herald J.
Published: October 2021

Mission has its origin in the inner life of God; their relationships with one another define the Persons of the Trinity. The Son is eternally generated by the Father, eternally proceeding from Him. When he becomes human, this identity becomes mission. Those united to Jesus through Baptism share in his missionary personality, not only corporately as the whole Church but individually as well. Beginning with the Second Vatican Council, and developed by subsequent papal teaching, the Church has rediscovered her missionary nature with clearer reference to Christ and the Gospel, and in more direct relation to the world and its needs. The Church’s proclamation is most compelling when it is embodied by witnesses who have verified by experience the fulfillment of their humanity in a lived Christianity. This proposal is never a one-sided matter, but always involves an awareness of solidarity and reciprocity, an experience of encounter and discovery, and so becomes a journey of accompaniment and conversion for the bearer of the message. This is the rationale for widespread participation in missionary activities in the Church. Because of its affinity with the healing ministry of Jesus, medicine offers a unique possibility in this regard. Precisely because of the good they can accomplish and the challenges they can provoke, medical missions present a privileged opportunity for witness and generosity, but also for a new perspective and a changed heart for the participants. Together with those whom they serve, missionary disciples have the joy of joining the triumphal procession of Christ back into the heart of the Father.
Reading and Writing Instruction for Academically At-Risk Deaf and Hard of Hearing First-Year College Students
Authors: Williams Jessica , Sarchet Thomastine , Walton Dawn
Published: October 2021

Objective/Research Question: Students with disabilities, including deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) students, are enrolling in college at rates higher than in the past with most of them pursuing an associate’s degree. For DHH students, their reading ability is a predictor of their academic achievement in college. However, more than half of DHH students enroll in remedial reading and writing college courses indicating they are not reading and writing at a college level and putting them at-risk for non-completion. In addition, remedial reading and writing courses often do not count for credit toward graduation and may hinder rather than support student progress. One way to mitigate the need for remedial coursework during college is to provide the remedial instruction in a low-stakes manner through summer bridge to college programs. The purpose of the present study was to measure the effects of remedial reading and writing instruction provided through a summer bridge program on first-year, academically at-risk DHH college students’ ( N = 20) reading and writing abilities. Methods: Using a pretest/posttest design, we implemented remedial reading and writing instruction for 2 hours a day, 5 days a week for 5 weeks. Results: Upon the completion of instruction, the student participants’ reading and writing skills improved. Conclusions/Contributions: Our findings may encourage researchers to attempt remedial instruction through summer bridge programs with other populations with disabilities or English language learners.
Extracting Users: Regimes of Engagement in Norwegian Smart Electricity Transition
Authors: Rommetveit Kjetil , Ballo Ingrid Foss , Sareen Siddharth
Published: October 2021

Recent efforts to involve digital technologies and renewables in the electricity grid have placed users at center stage in the legitimation of energy transitions. This move has been paralleled by an emphasis on users and energy practices in social studies of energy related to science and technology studies. This article builds on an eighteen-month Living Lab exploration of energy practices with smart electricity users in Bergen, Norway. We make two interrelated arguments. First, energy production and distribution in Norway and elsewhere is shifting toward greater automation of tasks, possibly bypassing the “active user” concept. Energy sector practices are evolving from simply extracting natural resources (Extraction 1.0) toward extraction of users’ behavioral data (Extraction 2.0), and privacy thus emerges as a key component in the stabilization of energy systems. Second, we reflect on displacements of the roles and possibilities of users (or “energy citizens”) thereby enabled, especially their normative (political and regulatory) aspects. We propose that conceptualization of energy practices be supported by the concept of regimes of engagement from pragmatist sociology. Relatedly, we argue that market, civic, ecological, and industrial regimes are being actively merged through digital innovation and what we call the techno-epistemic network of smart electricity.
Hera, The Perfect Wife? Features and Paradoxes of the Greek Goddess of Marriage
Authors: Fernández Guerrero Olaya
Published: October 2021

In the ancient Greek polytheistic religion, Hera was considered the wife of Zeus and she was worshipped as the goddess of marriage. This paper analyses pre-Olympian references to Hera as an unmarried Great Goddess related to nature and fertility, and it explores from a critical perspective the origins and contents of her cult as Hera Teleia, the “perfect wife.” Mythological tales about her fights with Zeus, their conflictive relationship and his continuous love affairs with goddesses and women show us that the divine Greek model for human marriage was far from being a state of marital bliss.
Towards circular economy in the textiles and clothing value chain through blockchain technology and IoT: A review
Authors: Alves Luís , Ferreira Cruz Estrela , Lopes Sérgio I , Faria Pedro M , Rosado da Cruz António Miguel
Published: October 2021

The textile and clothing industry sector has today a big environmental impact, not only due to the consumption of water and the use of toxic chemicals but also due to the increasing levels of textile waste. One way to reduce the problem is to circularise the, currently linear, textile and clothing value chain, by using discarded clothes as raw material for the production of new clothes, transforming it into a model of circular economy. This way, while reducing the need to produce new raw materials (e.g. cotton), the problem of textile waste produced is also reduced, thus contributing to a more sustainable industry. In this article, we review the current approaches for traceability in the textile and clothing value chain, and study a set of technologies we deem essential for promoting the circular economy in this value chain – namely, the blockchain technology – for registering activities on traceable items through the value chain, and the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, for easily identifying the traceable items’ digital twins.
Motivation From a Self-Regulated Learning Perspective: Application to School Psychology
Authors: Bakhtiar Aishah , Hadwin Allyson F.
Published: October 2021

Self-regulation of learning involves developing metacognitive awareness (planning, monitoring, and evaluating) of (a) cognition—motivational beliefs, (b) behaviors—persistence, effort, engagement, and (c) affect—enjoyment, interest, and other emotions. Metacognitive awareness creates opportunities to exert metacognitive control as needed, which may involve sustaining or manipulating motivational cognition, behavior, and affect. By adopting a self-regulation perspective, this paper discusses the ways motivation develops within and across academic tasks and situations, as well as the ways learners can be supported to take control of their motivation in those contexts. Applying self-regulation principles in the practice of School Psychology means to consider the role of situation, context, and learners’ socio-historical experiences while empowering learners to focus attention on things they can control.
Integrative and Theoretical Reviews of Achievement Motivation for School Psychologists: Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Daniels Lia M. , Dueck Bryce S.
Published: October 2021

A theoretically grounded understanding of achievement motivation appears to be largely overlooked in both initial education programs and ongoing professional development of school psychologists. This is unfortunate because motivation constructs such as perceived control, value, and self-beliefs predict students’ academic performance in a way that complements the variance explained by intelligence tests. This empirical evidence is rooted in long-standing theorizing that motivation constructs hold an important role alongside cognitive constructs in understanding student learning. Moreover, because motivation constructs are viewed as malleable, they provide an untapped source of intervention for school psychologists in supporting students. For these reasons, this special issue presents five review articles that integrate discrete theories of achievement motivation to the practice of school psychology. Largely representing Canadian expertise, the articles describe the potential for the control-value theory of emotions, achievement goal theory, mindset theory, self-determination theory, and self-regulated learning in the work of school psychologists. The final commentary article explicates a whole-child framework to highlight the role motivation can hold alongside cognition and guide school psychologists to partner these constructs for the betterment of children.
Sleep, Dreams, and Nightmares During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kennedy Kathryn E. R. , Grandner Michael A.
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the sleep and dreams of many individuals. Some have experienced improvements, while others have had more complaints. The changes to daily life such as working from home and spending more time indoors in confinement may have disturbed the circadian rhythms of some individuals. There were many reports of a shift towards a later bedtime during the pandemic, with several studies showing that in general, females experienced worse sleep than males, including more nighttime awakenings and nightmares. Increased dream and nightmare frequency during the pandemic has been shown in multiple studies. It has been postulated that because dreams are often guided by the dominant emotional state, that dreams and nightmares related to pandemic themes are a result of specific stressors related to COVID-19. Those experiencing unwanted sleep disturbances and nightmares could stand to benefit from mindfulness and relaxation practices that can ease stress and anxiety before bedtime. Striving to maintain a regular sleep schedule and enhance exposure to daylight–particularly during the first half of the day–may also be helpful.
Importance of “the Social”: The Divergent Informal Careers of Chinese Internal Migrants
Authors: Peng Thomas
Published: October 2021

When investigating unregulated, unprotected work situations, the precarious work literature focuses on the degradation of work quality, whereas the informal sector literature emphasizes entrepreneurship and mobility. Neither of them, however, pays enough attention to how particular jobs are matched and how career paths evolve. Studying Chinese rural migrants’ informal careers, this research finds three strikingly different career paths. The “precariats” rely on peers to survive career disruptions, but the responsibility to support others leads to a new crisis. The “entrepreneurs” rely on their relatively resourceful families to start small businesses in a highly competitive and precarious market. The “guild” relies on hometown networks to share career information and reduce competition. This research hence draws a more optimistic picture than the precarious work literature as upward career opportunities do exist. Nonetheless, the picture is not as optimistic as the informal sector literature suggests because these opportunities are socially yet unevenly distributed.
“It’s not something I’ve really thought about ‘til now’”: The social aspects of U.S. emerging adults’ comics reading histories
Authors: Moeller Robin A.
Published: October 2021

The common image of a reader is that of a person alone with a book, but reading is actually a social activity. The purpose of this study was to examine the ways in which social aspects influenced a group of emerging adults’ comics reading when they were children and/or teens. Data was collected by surveying and conducting semi-structured interviews with 34 emerging adults in the Southeast region of the United States about their comics reading histories. The research findings describe who the participants felt had the most impact on their comics reading, as well as the extent to which the participants felt that they belonged to a community of comics readers. Significantly, the participants’ notion of comics readers as “nerds” emerged from the data, which the participants largely connected to gender, and which participant Lauren noted, “It’s not something I’ve really thought about ‘til now.’” The implications of these findings suggest that some of these participants felt that there was a social cost to comics reading. Suggestions for making comics reading more accessible for more readers are discussed.
Exploration of Prognostic Biomarkers of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC) by Bioinformatics
Authors: Xu Xianglai , Wang Yelin , Zhang Sihong , Zhu Yanjun , Wang Jiajun
Published: October 2021

We aimed to discover prognostic factors of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and investigate their relationship with immune therapies. Online data of MIBC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and univariate Cox analysis were applied to classify genes into different groups. Venn diagram was used to find the intersection of genes, and prognostic efficacy was proved by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Heatmap was utilized for differential analysis. Riskscore (RS) was calculated according to multivariate Cox analysis and evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). MIBC samples from TCGA and GEO were analyzed by WGCNA and univariate Cox analysis and intersected at 4 genes, CLK4, DEDD2, ENO1, and SYTL1. Higher SYTL1 and DEDD2 expressions were significantly correlated with high tumor grades. Riskscore based on genes showed great prognostic efficiency in predicting overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression-free interval (PFI) in TCGA dataset ( P < .001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of RS reached 0.671 in predicting 1-year survival and 0.653 in 3-year survival. KEGG pathways enrichment filtered 5 enriched pathways. xCell analysis showed increased T cell CD4+ Th2 cell, macrophage, macrophage M1, and macrophage M2 infiltration in high RS samples ( P < .001). In immune checkpoints analysis, PD-L1 expression was significantly higher in patients with high RS. We have, therefore, constructed RS as a convincing prognostic index for MIBC patients and found potential targeted pathways.
Energy expenditure per minute in different activities and body positions and its association with the classification as physically active or inactive in daily life in individuals with COPD
Authors: Brito Igor L , Schneider Lorena , Hirata Raquel P , Fonseca Juliana , Paes Thais , Machado Felipe VC , Rodrigues Antenor , Hernandes Nidia A , Pitta Fabio
Published: October 2021

Objective: To describe and compare energy expenditure (EE)/minute walking and in different body postures in individuals with COPD; and to investigate if EE/minute walking is a predictor of their classification as physically active or inactive. Methods: Physical activity (PA) in daily life was objectively assessed using two PA monitors for 7 days and data were analyzed on a minute-by-minute basis. Predominant minutes were separated into walking, standing, sitting, and reclined, and EE/minute (a reflection of PA intensity) was then calculated in each of these four activities and postures. Participants were classified as active and inactive according to the criteria proposed by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). Results: 43 individuals were evaluated (65±8 years; FEV1 50±14% predicted). A binary logistic regression model yielded that, regardless of the time spent walking/day, EE/minute walking was a significant predictor of the classification as physically active (OR=18.2 [2 – 165]; p=0.01), together with BMI (OR=0.68 [0.5 - 0.9]; p=0.008) (model: Chi-square = 22.431, p< 0.05; R2 [Nagelkerke] = 0.556). In the active group, significantly higher EE/minute was observed for walking and standing in comparison both to sitting and reclined. However, in the inactive group, there were significant differences in EE/minute only when comparing walking versus reclined and standing versus reclined. Conclusion: In individuals, with COPD, EE/minute walking is a significant predictor of being classified as physically active, independently of the time spent walking/day. Each additional kilocalorie/minute spent walking increases in 18 times the chances to be classified as physically active in daily life.
Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis versus Pulmonary Artery Embolectomy in Pulmonary Embolism: A National Population-Based Study
Authors: Lin Donna Shu-Han , Lin Yu-Sheng , Lee Jen-Kuang , Chen Wen-Jone
Published: October 2021

Objectives:

This study aimed to compare the short-term and long-term follow-up outcomes of catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) with those of pulmonary artery embolectomy (PAE) for patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) included in a nationwide cohort.

Background:

Data allowing direct comparisons between CDT and PAE are lacking in the literature, and the optimal management of high-risk and intermediate-risk PE is still debated.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted with data for 2001 through 2013 collected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Patients who were first admitted for PE and treated with either CDT or PAE were included and compared. In-hospital outcomes included in-hospital death and safety (bleeding and cardiac arrhythmias) outcomes. Follow-up outcomes included all-cause mortality and recurrent PE during the 1- and 2-year follow-up periods and through the last follow-up. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) based on the propensity score was used to minimize possible selection bias, including indices for multimorbidity such as the Charlson’s Comorbidity Index (CCI) and HAS-BLED scores.

Results:

A total of 389 patients treated between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2013, were identified; 169 underwent CDT and 220 underwent PAE. After IPTW, there were no significant differences in in-hospital mortality (18.2% vs 21.3%; odds ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.70–1.62) or the incidence of safety outcomes between the CDT and PAE groups. The risks of all-cause mortality (30% vs 29.5%; hazard ratio 1.16, 95% CI: 0.89–1.53), recurrent PE (7.2% vs 8.7%; subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR] 0.68, 95% CI: 0.39–1.21) and new-onset pulmonary hypertension (SHR 0.25, 95% CI: 0.05–1.32) were also not significantly different between the CDT and PAE groups at 2 years of follow-up. Subgroup analysis indicated that PAE may be associated with a more favorable 2-year mortality in patients <65 years old, patients with CCI scores of <3, patients with HAS-BLED scores of 1 to 2, and patients without cardiogenic shock (all P for interaction <.05).

Conclusions:

In patients with PE who required reperfusion therapy, CDT and PAE resulted in similar in-hospital and long-term all-cause mortality rates and long-term rates of recurrent PE. Bleeding risks were also comparable in the 2 groups.
Implementing Telehealth Music Therapy Services in an Integrative Oncology Setting: A Case Series
Authors: Folsom Sarah , Christie Aimee J. , Cohen Lorenzo , Lopez Gabriel
Published: October 2021

Providing music therapy in a medical setting has necessarily undergone major changes during the COVID-19 world pandemic. Many programs had to discontinue while others were able to transition to a telehealth model. This paper describes the process of conducting telehealth-based music therapy sessions within an integrative oncology setting in a large cancer hospital. Patients provide feedback regarding benefits and challenges of inpatient, outpatient, and group music therapy using a telehealth model. Benefits include anxiety reduction, increased coping skills, and increased social support. Unique challenges include technology limitations. We share examples of how we successfully adapted our workflows to provide telehealth-based music therapy in inpatient, outpatient, and group settings.
The diagnostic value of the combination of carcinoembryonic antigen, squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen, CYFRA 21-1, neuron-specific enolase, tissue polypeptide antigen, and progastrin-releasing peptide in small cell lung cancer discrimination
Authors: Chen Zhimao , Liu Xiangzheng , Shang Xueqian , Qi Kang , Zhang Shijie
Published: October 2021

Background

The diagnostic value of six tumor markers was investigated and the appropriate combinations of those tumor markers to discriminate small cell lung cancer was explored.

Methods

Patients suspected with lung cancer (1938) were retrospectively analyzed. Candidate tumor markers from carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (SCC), cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), and progastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP) were selected to construct a logistic regression model. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used for evaluating the diagnostic value of the tumor markers and the predictive model.

Results

ProGRP had the highest positive rate (72.3%) in diagnosed small cell lung cancer, followed by neuron-specific enolase (68.3%), CYFRA21-1 (50.5%), carcinoembryonic antigen (45.5%), tissue polypeptide antigen (30.7%), and squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (5.9%). The predictive model for small cell lung cancer discrimination was established, which yielded the highest area under the curve (0.888; 95% confidence interval: 0.846–0.929), with a sensitivity of 71.3%, a specificity of 95.0%, a positive predictive value of 49.0%, and a negative predictive value of 98.0%.

Conclusions

Combining tumor markers can improve the efficacy for small cell lung cancer discrimination. A predictive model has been established in small cell lung cancer differential diagnosis with preferable efficacy.
LncRNA MIAT Promotes Allergic Inflammation and Symptoms by Targeting MiR-10b-5p in Allergic Rhinitis Mice
Authors: Ma Zhiqi , Lian Haijuan , Lin Xiaoyan , Li Yong
Published: October 2021

Background

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common noninfectious respiratory diseases caused by immunoglobulin E (IgE) response.

Objective

The study sought to explore the relationship between lncRNA MIAT and miR-10b-5p and their interaction in the regulation of allergic phenotypes in allergic rhinitis (AR) mice.

Methods

A mice model of AR was constructed using ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization. AR mice were treated with miR-10b-5p agomiR and LNA mediated lncRNA MIAT. The targeting relationship between MIAT and miR-10b-5p was analyzed by the ENCORI website and dual-luciferase reporter assay. The numbers of rubbing and sneezing of mice were counted. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining visualized the eosinophils infiltration in nasal mucosa tissues of mice. The percentage of Th17 cells was quantitated by flow cytometry analysis. ELISA was used to detect the levels of serum OVA-specific IgE, the Th12 cytokine IL-4, and inﬂammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17).

Results

MIAT was up-regulated in the nasal mucosa of AR mice, while miR-10b-5p was down-regulated. MIAT directly suppressed miR-10b-5p expression in AR mice. The numbers of rubbing and sneezing, the percentage of Th17 cells, and the levels of OVA-specific IgE, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-17 in AR mice were decreased by miR-10b-5p overexpression, which was reversed by MIAT overexpression. The eosinophils infiltration in AR mice was inhibited by miR-10b-5p overexpression, which was also reversed by MIAT overexpression.

Conclusion

The present study demonstrates that MIAT overexpression Promotes allergic inflammation and symptoms by activating Th17 immune response via miR-10b-5p inhibition.
Central obesity and its predictors among adults in Nekemte town, West Ethiopia
Authors: Biru Bayise , Tamiru Dessalegn , Taye Abonesh , Regassa Feyisa Bikila
Published: October 2021

Background:

Abdominal obesity is emerging as a major contributor to the worsening of non-communicable diseases. There is a dearth of data on central obesity among adults in Ethiopia in general and in the study area in particular. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of central obesity and its predictors among adults in Nekemte, Ethiopia.

Methods:

Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Nekemte town from March to April 2020. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 466 study participants. Interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The data were entered into Epi Data 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS Version 25. Bivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify candidate variables at p < 0.25. Finally, multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictors of central obesity at p < 0.05 with 95% confidence intervals.

Results:

Prevalence of central obesity in this study was found to be 28.4% (95% CI 24.5–32.6). Where, the prevalence was higher among females (37%) than males (18%). Being a female (AOR = 5.59, 95% CI 2.95–10.57), age range of 40–49 years (AOR = 4.91, 95% CI 2.17–11.13), ⩾ 50 years (AOR = 8.16, 95% CI 3.21–20.72), being in marriage (AOR = 9.306, 95% CI 4.23–20.44), highest wealth status (AOR = 7.94, 95% CI 3.76–16.76), consumption of fast foods (AOR = 3.022, 95% CI 1.375–6.64), and lack of knowledge about obesity (AOR = 3.39, 95% CI 1.93–5.95) were factors associated with central obesity.

Conclusion:

The study revealed a moderate prevalence of central obesity in the study area. Being a female, older age, being in marriage, richest household wealth status, consumption of fast foods, and lack of knowledge on obesity were identified as factors associated with central obesity. Comprehensive health education and promotion on healthy diet should be encouraged focusing on females, married individuals, and older ages.
Reciprocal dynamics between patients’ choice of place and how they experience video consultations: A qualitative study
Authors: Lüchau Elle C. , Jepsen Carole , Grønning Anette , Hvidt Elisabeth Assing
Published: October 2021

Objective

To analyse the reciprocal dynamics between patients’ choice of place and how they experience video consultations (VCs) with the general practitioner.

Methods

Qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 27 Danish patients were conducted over a period of 9 months, from February to October 2020. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. The analysis was guided by Nelly Oudshoorn's concept of technogeography of care.

Results

The following three themes were identified in the data: VC-home dynamics: balancing boundaries; VC-workplace dynamics: logistical considerations; and VC-body image dynamics: on-screen exposure.

Conclusions

Taking human geography and science and technology studies as our analytical point of departure, we used the concept of technogeography of care and demonstrated how the reciprocal dynamics between patients’ choice of place and how they experience VC made boundaries fluid and complex between different contexts and places, such as the home, the workplace and the clinic. These boundaries were negotiated differently by the patients depending on their need for privacy, convenience and support. Additionally, VC reconfigured patients’ and general practitioners’ roles, increasing patients’ responsibility in securing an appropriate health care setting.
Household Levels of Double Burden of Malnutrition in Low–Middle-income Countries: A Review
Authors: Bose A. , Mondal N. , Sen J.
Published: October 2021

Malnutrition is characterised by both over-nutrition and under-nutrition. Over-nutrition is defined as excessive intake of energy and/or macronutrients. Both over-nutrition and under-nutrition are associated with a wide range of detrimental health conditions. Under-nutrition can contribute to high mortality, morbidity and poor infant health conditions; lead to delayed physical and mental development among children; and cause poor physical productivity and reproductive outcomes among adults. Over-nutrition remains the main risk factor for non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and certain types of cancers. The world has witnessed a global obesity epidemic with levels rising at alarming rates in the low-middle-income countries. The higher prevalence of obesity is often accompanied by under-nutrition, and these two health issues coexist at household levels. This is termed as ‘Double Burden of Malnutrition’. The objectives of the present article are to account for the evidences, causes and risk factors of household level of double burden of malnutrition in the low-middle-income countries.
A Comprehensive Summary of Systematic Reviews on Sports Injury Prevention Strategies
Authors: Stephenson Samuel D. , Kocan Joseph W. , Vinod Amrit V. , Kluczynski Melissa A. , Bisson Leslie J.
Published: October 2021

Background:

A large volume of systematic reviews and meta-analyses has been published on the effectiveness of sports injury prevention programs.

Purpose:

To provide a qualitative summary of published systematic reviews and meta-analyses that have examined the effectiveness of sports injury prevention programs on reducing musculoskeletal injuries.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

We searched the PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and the Cochrane databases for systematic reviews and meta-analyses that evaluated the effectiveness of sports injury prevention programs. We excluded published abstracts, narrative reviews, articles not published in English, commentaries, studies that described sports injury prevention strategies but did not assess their effectiveness, studies that did not assess musculoskeletal injuries, and studies that did not assess sports-related injuries. The most relevant results were extracted and summarized. Levels of evidence were determined per the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, and methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews, revised version).

Results:

A total of 507 articles were retrieved, and 129 were included. Articles pertaining to all injuries were divided into 9 topics: sports and exercise in general (n = 20), soccer (n = 13), ice hockey (n = 1), dance (n = 1), volleyball (n = 1), basketball (n = 1), tackle collision sports (n = 1), climbing (n = 1), and youth athletes (n = 4). Articles on injuries by anatomic site were divided into 11 topics: general knee (n = 8), anterior cruciate ligament (n = 34), ankle (n = 14), hamstring (n = 11), lower extremity (n = 10), foot (n = 6), groin (n = 2), shoulder (n = 1), wrist (n = 2), and elbow (n = 1). Of the 129 studies, 45.7% were ranked as evidence level 1, and 55.0% were evidence level 2. Based on the AMSTAR-2, 58.9% of the reviews reported a priori review methods, 96.1% performed a comprehensive literature search, 47.3% thoroughly described excluded articles, 79.1% assessed risk of bias for individual studies, 48.8% reported a valid method for statistical combination of data (ie, meta-analysis), 45.0% examined the effect of risk of bias on pooled study results, and 19.4% examined the risk for publication bias.

Conclusion:

This comprehensive review provides sports medicine providers with a single source of the most up-to-date publications in the literature on sports injury prevention.
“We Were Absolutely in the Dark”: Manifest Content Analysis of Developmental Disability Nurses’ Experiences During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Desroches Melissa L. , Fisher Kathleen , Ailey Sarah , Stych Judith
Published: October 2021

People with developmental disabilities (DD) are devastatingly impacted by COVID-19, yet no studies have explored the experiences of developmental disability nurses during the pandemic. In April 2020, as part of a multiple method study, we used manifest content analysis to evaluate nurses' 287 open-ended responses to our online survey question: "What is the experience of being a developmental disability nurse while encountering challenges to meeting basic care needs during the early COVID-19 pandemic?" We identified four themes: living with fear and stress, helping others to understand and cope, navigating a changing landscape, and being left out. Findings reinforce the need for accessible health information for people with developmental disability, guidelines relevant to developmental disability nursing settings, emotional support for developmental disability nurses, and education of health care professionals about the contribution of the developmental disability nurse in supporting the holistic well-being of people with DD.
Management of Bilateral Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis and Class 2 Malocclusion in a Patient With Nager Syndrome
Authors: Ferry Andrew M. , Beh Han Zhuang , Truong Lauren A. , Dibbs Rami P. , Davies Lesley W. , Stevens Kristin , Wirthlin John O. , Alfi David M. , Buchanan Edward P.
Published: October 2021

Nager syndrome is a rare hereditary syndrome characterized by severe mandibulofacial and pre-axial upper limb anomalies. Patients with Nager syndrome often exhibit syndromic Pierre-Robin sequence secondary to their hypoplastic mandible and require mandibular distraction osteogenesis to prevent dependence on a tracheostomy or gastric tube. This procedure, however, has been associated with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. TMJ ankylosis is a highly debilitating condition that dramatically impairs patients’ function and can result in facial asymmetry in affected children during periods of rapid facial growth. Surgical intervention is warranted in patients who fail physiotherapy; however, there is no gold standard treatment for surgically correcting TMJ ankylosis in patients with Nager syndrome. Herein, we detail the surgical management of TMJ ankylosis and class 2 malocclusion in a patient with Nager syndrome.
N,N-Dimethyl Formamide Regulating Fluorescence of MXene Quantum Dots for the Sensitive Determination of Fe3+
Authors: Gao Xiaohui , Shao Xiaochun , Qin Longlong , Li Yejun , Huang Shengxiang , Deng Lianwen
Published: October 2021

Due to the wide use of iron in all kinds of areas, the design and construction of direct, fast, and highly sensitive sensor for Fe3+ are highly desirable and important. In the present work, a kind of fluorescent MXene quantum dots (MQDs) was synthesized via an intermittent ultrasound process using N,N-dimethyl formamide as solvent. The prepared MQDs were characterized via a combination of UV–Vis absorption, fluorescence spectra, X-ray photoelectron energy spectra, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Based on the electrostatic-induced aggregation quenching mechanism, the fluorescent MQDs probes exhibited excellent sensing performance for the detection of Fe3+, with a sensitivity of 0.6377 mM−1 and the detection limit of 1.4 μM, superior to those reported in studies. The present MQDs-based probes demonstrate the potential promising applications as the sensing device of Fe3+.
Comparison of the resonance sonorheometry based Quantra® system with rotational thromboelastometry ROTEM® sigma in cardiac surgery – a prospective observational study
Authors: Baulig Werner , Akbas Samira , Schütt Philipp K. , Keul Wolfgang , Jovic Marija , Berdat Pascal , von Felten Stefanie , Steigmiller Klaus , Ganter Michael Thomas , Theusinger Oliver M.
Published: October 2021

Background

Measures of the sonorheometry based Quantra® viscoelastic hemostatic analyzer (HemoSonics, LCC, Charlottesville, VA, USA) were compared with corresponding results of the ROTEM® sigma device (Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, MA, USA).

Methods

In thirty-eight patients scheduled for elective cardiac surgery between December 2018 and October 2019, blood samples were taken after induction of anesthesia (sample 1) and after heparin neutralization (sample 2) and measured on Quantra (QPlus® Cartridge) and ROTEM sigma (ROTEM® sigma complete + hep Cartridge). Clot times and clot stiffness values were recorded. Clot stiffness values of ROTEM amplitudes (A in mm) were converted to shear modulus (G) in hectoPascal (hPa): G (hPa) = (5 x A)/(100-A). Additionally, time-to-results was recorded. Spearman rank test correlation and Bland Altman analysis were performed.

Results

Clot stiffness parameters of the Quantra correlated strongly with corresponding measurements of the ROTEM with r = 0.93 and 0.94 for EXTEM A10 vs CS and r = 0.94 and 0.96 for FIBTEM A10 vs FCS for sample 1 and 2, respectively. Quantra clot time correlated strongly with ROTEM INTEM CT with r = 0.71 for sample 1 and r = 0.75 for sample 2. However, Bland Altman analysis showed no agreement in all compared assays of both methods. The median time to delivery of first and complete results was significantly shorter for Quantra (412 and 658 s) compared to ROTEM sigma (839 and 1290 s).

Conclusions

The Quantra showed a strong correlation with the ROTEM sigma for determining clot times and clot stiffness and the parameters assess similar aspects of clot development. However, these parameters are not directly interchangeable and implicate that separate cut-off values need to be established for users of the Quantra device.

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Trial registration

The study was retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04210830) at December 20th 2019.
Homologous recombination proficiency in ovarian and breast cancer patients
Authors: Creeden Justin Fortune , Nanavaty Nisha S. , Einloth Katelyn R. , Gillman Cassidy E. , Stanbery Laura , Hamouda Danae M. , Dworkin Lance , Nemunaitis John
Published: October 2021

Homologous recombination and DNA repair are important for genome maintenance. Genetic variations in essential homologous recombination genes, includingBRCA1andBRCA2results in homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and can be a target for therapeutic strategies including poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). However, response is limited in patients who are not HRD, highlighting the need for reliable and robust HRD testing. This manuscript will reviewBRCA1/2function and homologous recombination proficiency in respect to breast and ovarian cancer. The current standard testing methods for HRD will be discussed as well as trials leading to approval of PARPi’s. Finally, standard of care treatment and synthetic lethality will be reviewed.
Risk factors associated with respiratory infectious disease-related presenteeism: a rapid review
Authors: Daniels Sarah , Wei Hua , Han Yang , Catt Heather , Denning David W. , Hall Ian , Regan Martyn , Verma Arpana , Whitfield Carl A. , van Tongeren Martie
Published: October 2021

Background

Workplace transmission is a significant contributor to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreaks. Previous studies have found that infectious illness presenteeism could contribute to outbreaks in occupational settings and identified multiple occupational and organisational risk factors. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to investigate presenteeism particularly in relation to respiratory infectious disease (RID). Hence, this rapid review aims to determine the prevalence of RID-related presenteeism, including COVID-19, and examines the reported reasons and associated risk factors.

Methods

The review followed a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) search approach and focused on studies published in English and Chinese. Database searches included MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI) and preprint databases MedRxiv and BioRxiv.

Results

The search yielded 54 studies, of which four investigated COVID-19-related presenteeism. Prevalence of work presenteeism ranged from 14.1 to 55% for confirmed RID, and 6.6 to 100% for those working with suspected or subclinical RID. The included studies demonstrated that RID-related presenteeism is associated with occupation, sick pay policy, age, gender, health behaviour and perception, vaccination, peer pressure and organisational factors such as presenteeism culture.

Conclusions

This review demonstrates that presenteeism or non-adherence to isolation guidance is a real concern and can contribute to workplace transmissions and outbreaks. Policies which would support workers financially and improve productivity, should include a range of effective non-pharmaceutical inventions such as workplace testing, promoting occupational health services, reviewing pay and bonus schemes and clear messaging to encourage workers to stay at home when ill. Future research should focus on the more vulnerable and precarious occupational groups, and their inter-relationships, to develop comprehensive intervention programs to reduce RID-related presenteeism.