bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Two Sex Markers by Nested PCR for Gender Determination
Authors: Jonathan Jun-Yong Lim  , Mohd Fadhli Khamis  , Nur Haslindawaty Binti Abd Rashid
Published: April 2021

Sex determination is one of the basic components in victim identification. There are many available methods,namely forensic anthropology method and conventional DNA typing method. In this study, nested PCRtechnique was employed in sex typing of burnt teeth through amelogenin (AMEL) and sex-determiningregion Y (SRY) markers. In this study, 17 teeth samples were burnt at temperatures that ranged from 100°Cto 500°C for 2 min - 10 min. The whole tooth was used for DNA extraction by phenol-chloroform method.Accurate sex determination was achieved in 13 samples by both AMEL and SRY markers. The SRY markerachieved higher sensitivity as compared to AMEL marker. The sensitivity of both markers was improvedconsequent to nested PCR. Factors such as degraded DNA materials and the presence of tooth caries greatlyaffect sex typing results. Results showed that nested PCR proved to be a good method to amplify highlydegraded DNA material as it greatly increased the DNA copy, and thus increased the possibility of sextyping.
Reflections on the Community Empowerment in Giving Exclusive Breastfeeding
Authors: Joni Haryanto  , Yayan Sakti Suryandaru  , Sylvia Dwi Wahyuni
Published: April 2021

Background: Less than 40 percent of children under the age of six months were given exclusive breastfeeding(WHO, 2015). Therefore, this study will fundamentally analyze qualitatively the community empowermentmodel related to exclusive breastfeeding so that the target of achieving exclusive breastfeeding can beachieved progressively and effectively. Method: The type of research used was qualitative research Thedescriptive explorative approach was chosen in accordance with the research objectives of exploring theperspectives, experiences, and expectations of breastfeeding mothers and related parties. The study wasconducted in five community health center in Surabaya. Data collection was carried out through indepthinterview with breastfeeding mothers. Total respondents was 50 people. The process of data analysis used thenine-step data interpretation method according to Colluizi. Result: there were 7 themes and 24 categories.The theme were: miss perception, benefits of breastmilk, support, obstacles, myth, cureent prohram, andexpectation. Discussion: Good cooperation between family, government, and institutions where motherswork is needed to achieve exclusive breastfeeding. in addition, massive exclusive breastmilk educationthrough social media and advertising is an urgent need.
Successful Conservative Management of Premature Rupture Membranes of Twin Pregnancy with one Fetus Papyraceus
Authors: Ketut Edy Sudiarta
Published: April 2021

Fetus papyraceus is a rare obstetrics complication and is characterized by the death of one or more fetuses inthe early gestation period, and the other fetus continues to develop. This report describes a twin pregnancywith one fetus papyraceus and both undergone premature membrane rupture. We reported a 25-year-oldwoman unbooking patient admitted to the Pusura hospital with a complaint of amniotic fluid leaking fromthe vagina after a traffic accident. The patient is a woman with a history of G2P1A0 at 22-week gestationwith twin pregnancies (monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy). There was one live fetus with cephalicpresentation and the other one was papyraceus. Conservative management with a corticosteroid regimento complete the lung maturation was done. At 32-week gestation, the patient was admitted back withspontaneous rupture membranes and the live fetus was seen in lie presentation. She underwent a caesariansection and a premature life female baby was delivered with 1800g of weigh, APGAR score of 7 at 1 minuteand 8 at 5 minutes. The fetus papyraceus was weighed 100g. Both the mother and the baby were dischargedhome in good condition. Fetus papyraceus is a rare condition that describes intrauterine fetal demise in earlypregnancies. It can occur in both single or multiple gestation pregnancies. This case report reported case is apremature rupture of the membranes caused by a traffic accident. A life baby weighing 1800g was deliveredand 100g of weigh of fetus papyraceus in a caesarian section. This case is a diamniotic – monochorionicplacenta. Finally, the healthy baby was discharged 18 days after delivery.
The Correlation of EMMPRIN and EGFR Overexpression toward Muscle Invasiveness in Urothelial Carcinoma of Bladder
Authors: Leonita Agustin Hambalie  , Anny Setijo Rahaju  , Gondo Mastutik
Published: April 2021

Urothelial carcinomas represent 90% of all primary bladder cancers. Muscle invasion is a critical prognosticdeterminant in urothelial carcinoma. The overexpression of EMMPRIN and EGFR was found in urothelialcarcinoma. The association between the two markers has not been reported in urothelial carcinoma,therefore we aimed to analyze the expression of EMMPRIN and EGFR and investigate their association withurothelial carcinoma invasiveness. Paraffin-embedded tissues were obtained from 54 urothelial carcinomapatients which then underwent immunohistochemistry staining for EMMPRIN and EGFR antibody. Thecomparison of EMMPRIN and EGFR expression was tested using the Mann Whitney U test. The correlationwas analyzed using the Spearman test. Results showed a significant difference of EMMPRIN expressionbetween non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (p = 0.000), and EMMPRIN expressionwas significantly correlated with the muscle invasion (rs = 0.481, p = 0.000). A significant difference ofEGFR expression between the non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancer was also found(p = 0.020), and EGFR expression was significantly correlated with the muscle invasion (rs = 0.319, p =0.019). The expression of EMMPRIN was positively correlated with EGFR in urothelial carcinoma (rs =0.322, p = 0.018). The expression of EMMPRIN and EGFR are two potential biomarkers for urothelialcarcinoma invasiveness which may be helpful to differentiate between muscle-invasive and non-muscleinvasive bladder cancer.
Do Lab Parameter Could be used as Indicators of Severity in Case of Acute Cholinestrase Inhibitor Insecticides?
Authors: Makloph MG  , Ghada Mustafa El-Gallad  , Mahmoud Lotfy Sakr  , Ahmed Salah Eid El-Sayed
Published: April 2021

Background: Cholinestrase inhibitor insecticides considered one of the most common causes of morbidityand mortality due to poisoning especially in developing countries like Egypt. This work aims to studythe possible role of Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK), Amylase, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), C-ReactiveProtein (CRP) and blood sugar status in predicting the severity of acute cholinesterase inhibitor insecticidespoisoning at the time of admission.Subjects and Methods: This work was done at Poison Control Center of Ain Shams University Hospitals –Egypt, and was carried on 150 patients admitted with acute (CEI) insecticides poisoning. Clinical evaluationof the patients and poisoning severity was graded according to Peradynia organophosphorus poisoning(POP) scale, then venous blood sample was collected from patients and examined for CPK, Amylase, LDH,CRP and random blood sugar (RBS).There is significant increase of CPK, LDH, CRP RBS and amylase enzyme specially with increase theseverity in those patients admitted to ICU rather than inpatient, and in mechanically ventilated patientsrather than non mechanically ventilated and in died patients rather than survivors.Conclusion: CPK, Amylase, LDH, CRP and random blood sugar could be used to predict severity ofcholinesterase inhibitor insecticides poisoning. They can also predict ICU admission, mechanical ventilationneed and mortality. Amylase is a better predictor of respiratory failure and need of mechanical ventilation.
Methodological Study for RAS Development for Chronic Pediatric Population
Authors: Manmeet Kaur  , Gaurav Kohli  , Manu Kohli
Published: April 2021

Adolescence is considered as a difficult period filled with conflicts in search of self-autonomy, whichculminates the rediscovery of an individual towards adult life introduction. In addition to being sick thereare many other factors i.e. health care staff rotation, away from parents, experiencing pain during theprocedures, peer detachment and loss of self-esteem during hospitalization. The objective of the study wasto develop a scale for assessing resilience among children with Renal diseases. Methodological researchapproach was used for development of an effective Resilience Assessment Scale for children admitted withrenal diseases. Study was done on 75 children aged 10-18 years admitted with renal disease in MMIMS&RHospital, Mullana, Government Civil Hospital at Ambala and Kalpana Chawla Government Hospital atKarnal. The related review of literature ,experts guidance and investigator’s personal experience, a list offactors/domains were identified and compared with standardized Resilience scales i.e., Wagnild and YoungResilience assessment scale, Child and Youth Resiliency measure. Modified Delphi technique was used forContent validation of Resilience assessment scale with 9 experts Content validity was ascertained by expert’sopinion and was found to be 0.79.The range of rating score was 31-155 with the assumption that higherthe scores, the greater the resilience. At a cut-off point of ?102, the best balance between the sensitivityand specificity was achieved. Cronbach’s alpha and inter item correlation were used to measure internalconsistency of the tool, coefficient alpha was 0.81. Pearson correlation between resilience assessmentscale and Wagnild Young resilience scale was 0.84. In order to estimate stability test re-test reliability wascalculated and it came out to be 0.84.
Investigating the Effectiveness of the Financial Narrative Therapy on the Financial Anxiety and Financial Wellbeing among the Female Nurses in the Educational Hospitals
Authors: Marziyeh Malekiha  , Mahboobe Doostkami  , Farshid Saeedinezhad  , Naser Yoosef  , Somayeh Akafian
Published: April 2021

Background and Aim: Researchers in the field of financial health have recently paid attention to thefinancial wellbeing of individuals and the factors affecting which. Accordingly, various interventions andtherapies have been developed so far to maintain and improve the financial health of individuals. The aim ofthis study was to investigate the effectiveness of financial narrative therapy on reducing the financial anxietyand increasing the financial self-efficacy of female nurses.Methods: This semi-experimental research is pre-test and post-test with the control group. The statisticalpopulation of the study consisted of all female nurses of educational hospitals in year 2019. A total of30 people were randomly selected and assigned in both experimental and control groups (each with 15members). In this research, Financial Anxiety Scale (FAS) and Financial Well-Fare Questionnaire (FWQ)were used to collect data. The financial narrative therapy was conducted in eight 90-minute sessions in theexperimental group. Data were analyzed using SPSS-v.21 software and Statistical analysis of covarianceanalysis (ANCOVA).Results: The findings showed a significant difference between the mean of the experimental and controlgroup in two variables of financial anxiety and financial wellbeing (P <0.01). Based on this, it can beconcluded that financial narrative therapy has been effective in reducing the financial anxiety and increasingthe financial self-efficacy of the female nurses.Conclusion: Given the prominence of role of financial issues as a part of life in the today’s constantlychanging world, and the emergence of multiple sources of stress, financial narrative therapy can be used asan intervention to improve the financial health of individuals.
Evidentiary Value of Forensic Report in Criminal Liability in Jordanian Law
Authors: Moayad Hosni Ahmed Al-Khawaldah  , Abdullah Ahmed Al-Khasilat
Published: April 2021

Forensic medicine is an important part of criminal justice, which the judiciary resort to, with the purposeof deciding on a number of cases. One of the most important of these cases, in which forensic medicine isthe basis for determining criminal responsibility or not, is the case of allegation or suspicion of death bymurder or unknown reasons that lead to suspicion of murder. This research will address the evidentiary valueof the forensic physician’s report, as it is a means of proof or a means of assessing evidence or an auxiliaryprocedure for the judge. It will also address the authority of the criminal judge in assessing the forensic reportand the position of the Jordanian Court of Cassation on that. A number of findings and recommendationsemerged, the most important of which is that the Jordanian legislator has set up the reports and medicalcommittees system No. 13 of 2014 and its amendments. This system deals with many medical committees,including the forensic committee. The Jordan legislator has also defined the system of expertise beforeregular courts for 2018 and its amendments, according to Article 11 / c which states that a forensic physicianshall be appointed either from forensic physicians appointed in the Ministry of Health, the Royal MedicalServices, official university hospitals, or from those retired among them. I wish the Jordanian legislatorwill set up a legal system for forensic physicians, which shall be independent of the medical reports andcommittees system No. 13 of 2014 and its amendments and the expertise system before regular courts of2018 and its amendments. The proposed system is the Judicial Committee system for forensic physicians,and the reason for this is because the experience of forensic physicians is often the source of the basis for thejudge’s ruling, especially in cases of murder for unknown and suspicious reasons.
Immunoinformatics Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Isolated from Karst of Bats in Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Moch Irfan Hadi  , Aditya Sukma Prawira  , Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah  , Dedy Suprayogi  , Soedjajadi Keman  , Yudied Agung Mirasa  , M Yusuf Alamudi
Published: April 2021

In December 2019, cases of mysterious pneumonia were first reported in Wuhan, Initially, the diseasewas temporarily named as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), then WHO announced a new name onFebruary 11, 2020, namely Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) which is caused by a virus Severe AcuteRespiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This virus can be transmitted from person toperson and has spread widely in China and more than 190 other countries and territories. Meanwhile inIndonesia, up to September 2020, 203 thousand cases of COVID-19 were found and 8336 deaths. Batsact as important disease reservoirs for various etiologic agents of disease that can be transmitted betweenspecies, infecting humans and mammals, both domestic and wild. The purpose of this study was to analyzeSARS-CoV-2 immunoinformatics in bats in Karst Malang Indonesia as the basis for making SARS-CoV-2vaccines. This research method is SARS-CoV-2 amino acid bats in Karst Malang, Indonesia analyzed byimmunoinformatics. From the research results, it was found that SARS-CoV-2 protein from Malang Karstbats were antigen, non-allergen and non-toxin, so that they could be used as vaccine candidates, diagnostickits and immunotherapy.
Genotyping of Human Adenovirus Causing Conjunctivitis and Correlation to Age and Gender in Al-Diwaniyah Province in Iraq
Authors: Muntadher A. Hawass  , Wisam S. Alrubaye  , Haider Aswad Layikh
Published: April 2021

Human conjunctival swab samples from 108 patients were male 58 (53.7 %) and female 50 (46.3 %) witha male to female ratio of 1.16:1.for the period from October 2019 to February 2020. Patients were selectedaccording to clinical diagnosis by a specialist ophthalmologist. Diagnosis was confirmed by real time PCRthat showed 84 patients (77.8%) with positive result; %).The study groups were divided into groups withdifferent age and gender. Those aged 15–40 years had much likely to be infected than those aged 55 years.Positive rate in mild cases was 8 (26.7 %), in moderate cases was 40(95.2 %) and in severe cases was 36(100.0 %). Phylogenetic tree analysis of local conjunctivitis based on the Hexon gene partial sequence ofhuman adenovirus show genetic relation to human adenovirus 8 and 56 hexon gene .
Hormonal Receptors and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Discordance between Primary and Recurrent Breast Cancer in Sample of Iraqi Patients
Authors: Muna K. Zaweer  , Azhar S. Alzubaidi
Published: April 2021

Background: Though progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor are weak prognostic indicators,they are greatly predictive of response to endocrine therapy. HER2 overexpression or amplification is apowerful predictive factor for response to specific systemic therapies. Variation in estrogen receptor (ER),progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 status between primary breast carcinoma and subsequent relapse ofis clearly recognized. Aim of study: The study aims at determining the rate of discordance in progesteronereceptor, estrogen receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status between primary tumor andsubsequent locoregional and metastatic disease in a sample of patients attend oncology teaching hospital.Patients and Methods: A retrospective study conducted included 80 females patients attending oncologyteaching hospital between December 2013 – December 2017 for whom the ER,PR,and HER2 status wereknown on tissue samples of both primary and subsequent locoregional and metastatic disease .Results: The ER,PR,and HER2 status discordance rate for between primary breast cancer and subsequentlocoregional relapse and distant metastasis was 27.5%, 42.5% and 22.5% respectivelyConclusion: The rate of discordance in ER and PR status primary and relapsed breast carcinoma in patientsmanaged at oncology teaching hospital was similar to other studies. While the rate of discordance for HER2status between primary and relapsed breast carcinoma was slightly higher than international studies.
Screening of Group of Iraqi Patients with Turner’s Syndrome in Relation to Karyotype-Phenotype Variation
Authors: Muneera Fadhil Ridha  , Amenah Fadhil Ridha  , Ruqayah Gheyath yaseen  , Ahmed Kamal Kasim
Published: April 2021

Background: There is variation in karyotype that can be related with the phenotype difference in patientswith Turner syndrome (TS).Objective: Asses the relationship between karyotype and phenotype of confirmed Turner Syndrome patientsand Screening them for related congenital and immunological conditions.Methods: Eighty-five cases of TS were comprised. Patients were indicated mainly for evaluation of shortstature and (or) delayed puberty; Standard karyotyping was analyzed on the basis of routine G-bandingtechnique. Turner’s syndrome is divided into traditional and non-traditional with further categorization withrespect to Karyotype. After full examination, screening tests comprising thyroid function tests, celiac screen,Echocardiography, Renal and pelvic ultrasonography was achieved.Results: Webbed neck and Dysmorphic facial characteristics were more found during clinical examinationin traditional TS versus Non-traditional Turner’s syndrome with p-value of 0.01 and0.027, respectively.Abnormal thyroid function tests were more common in traditional TS than Non-traditional, p-value 0.02.Abnormal findings (mainly streak ovary) on pelvic ultrasound (US) was also more common in traditionalTS than Non-traditional, p-value 0.01.Conclusion: Screening of patients with Turner’s syndrome with respect to phenotype -karyotype differencecan provide opportunities for enhancement of our knowledge, diagnosis and further management.
Association of Serum Galectin-3 Level with Albuminuria and Renal Function in Type 2 Diabetic Iraqi Patients
Authors: Najlaa abed jassim  , Sanad Baqir Mahammad  , Tawfeeq F.R. AL-Auqbi
Published: April 2021

Background: Galectin-3 is a category of ?- galactoside binding Lectin. It has been involved in renalinflammation and fibrosis. We examined the relationship between galectin-3 level and nephropathy in T2DMpatients with or without microalbuminuria in comparison healthy controls.Methods: Ninety T2DM patients they were graded as (3 groups) depending on (ACR) albumin to creatininevalue: normalbuminuria (ACR < 30 mg / g), micro albuminuria (ACR 30-300 mg / g); and macroalbuminuria(ACR > 300 mg / g). In addition, 30 healthy control subject. The serum galectin-3 was determined by anenzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) for 90 T2DM patients and 30 healthy subjects. And alsobiochemical parameters measured included FBG, HbA1c, urea, creatinine, and uric acid.Result: Serum galectin-3 was significantly raised in T2DM patients with macroalbuminuria in comparing tohealthy group and also to other patients groups (p<0.001). Galectin-3 level was positively related with eachof ACR, FBS, HbA1c, urea, creatinine. whilst, eGFR was negatively correlated with galectin-3Conclusion: Galectin-3 level is essentially higher with T2DM at all stages of DN, particularly inmacroalbuminuria patients.
Diet of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients, in Gastrointestinal and Liver Center, Baghdad, 2020
Authors: Mohsin Ahmed Aldelf  , Nawal M Alkhalidi  , Saif M Bader  , Zainab Gh Wafi
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Iinflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises a group of chronic immune disorders of unknownetiology characterized by intestinal inflammation which subsequently leads to debilitating symptoms whichcan adversely affect performance and quality of life. Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) arethe two most common phenotypes.Patients and method: The cross-sectional study with the diagnosis of either Crohn’s disease or ulcerativecolitis. The data collection was carried out from 25 september to 10 november 2020. From gastroinestinaltract and liver center ,Baghdad . Convienant sample are willing to participate. By questionnaire.Bodyweight and hieght was measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated . Recorded intake of all food anddrinks during last 24 hours. By Excil caculation program , the enegy intake of one day was calculated bymifflin-St.jeor method .The my pyramid plan for daily food and calories intake as recommended pattrern. Statitcal analysis were performed using SPSS 23 . Data described as mean±standerd deviation (SD).Datawere checked for normal distribution using t -test or chi square .The level of significance in the study wasp < 0.05 .Result: All the participants (55;100%) were low milk group servings intake( P<0.001), also( 74.5% ) ofparticipants were low fruit group servings intake (P<0.001) ,(92.7% ) 0f participants was low vegetablesgroup servings intake (P<0.001) , but ( 87.3% )Of participants were high grain group servings intake(P<0.001) ,( 65.5% ) of participaints was low protein group servings (P=0.041) , the fat group servingintake is low among (90.9%) of participants (P<0.001) , 52.7% of participants low energy intake. The meanBMI for both genders was in the normal range (23.16 ± 5.33) as (49.1%) of participants , only 14.5 % wasunderweight , 29.1% was overweight and 7.3% was obese. The participants live in aurban area as (89.1%) .The ocupation of them were 25% housewife,student (23.6%),employers (16.4%) and the rest with differentoccupations. The education of participants were primary school (36.4%) ,intermediate school(12.7%) ,secondry school were (14.5%), graduated were (12.7%) and the rest in the different educations. Unbalncediet shows among 76.4% of participants .Conclusions and Recommendations : all participant modified their diet,half of the participants had lowenergy intake and some of the participants had underweight .Emphasized the importance for patients to beprovided with nutrition – related knowledge as a part of strategies to avoid nutritional inadeqancies
Study the Effect of Ultraviolet (UV) on Mutagenicity of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Burn Wound Infections
Authors: Bushra hindi Saleh  , Reem Neam Ibrahim  , Hasan A. Aal Owaif
Published: April 2021

Burn wound infections are regarded as one of the serious complications occurs in the acute period afterinjury and leads to high morbidity and mortality. Pseudomonas aeruginosa plays a prominent role as anetiological agent involved in serious infections of burn and wounds.During this study, a total of (52) samples were taken from patients suffering from burn wound infectionsin (2) hospital in Baghdad from 1/9/2019 to 1/12/2019 for isolation of pseudomonas aeruginosa. Resultsreveals that (31) isolate (59.6%) were gave typical morphological characteristics and biochemical test thatrelated to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Five Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were subject to antimicrobialsusceptibility test that was done according to NCCLS. Results of Antibiotic susceptibility test for pseudomonasaeruginosa isolates reveals that 100% of them were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin while 100%of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin ,cefixime ,Erythromycin, Naldixic acid , chloramphenicol andbacitracin.Mutagenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS1 isolate by UV irradiation was done for (60,120,240,300 ) Sec.Results of mutation to ( PS1) isolate revealed that exposure to UV irradiation from (60-300) Sec leads to decreasein the viability of bacterial cells but increase in the sensitivity of PS1 isolate to ciprofloxacin,gentamycine,Norfloxacin and oxytetracycline that reach to (40,21,26,30 )mm zone of inhibition respectively . Thesame isolate revealed changes in results from resistant to sensitive to chloromphenicol ,Erythromycin andNaldixic acid that reach to (33,31,33)mm zone of inhibition respectively but its gave the same results for theantibiotics (Ampicillin,Bacitracin and cefixime).
Detection Trisomy Chromosome 12 in Relation to the Expression Of Cd38 and Light Chain Restriction in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients
Authors: Hiba Hamid Hashim  , Subeh Salim Abdulateef  , Mazin Essa Menaf
Published: April 2021

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a malignancy of mature B cells where there is progressiveaccumulation of leukemic cells. The genetic factors have been found to play a role, deletions of the long armof chromosome 13, specifically involving band 13q14 (del(13q14)), represent the single most frequentlyobserved cytogenetic aberration in CLL, followed by trisomy 12 ,del 11q22, del 6q21, del 17p13, and 14q.Objectives: To detect the structural abnormalities on chromosome 12 (trisomy 12 in patients with CLLby using FISH technique; To investigate the relation of this chromosomal abnormalities with with theexpression of CD38 and light chain restriction .Patients, Materials and Methods: 1. This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 25, 2018 toDecember 15, 2019. Fifty newly diagnosed adult patients with CLL were enrolled in this study. 2. Each patientwas assessed at the time of admission, full clinical and laboratory data were obtained from patient’s hospitalrecords. Three ml of fresh blood sample were taken from each patient at admission. Upon confirmation ofCLL diagnosis, samples were taken to FISH unit for blood preparation which includes two steps in twodays, the first day to separate lymphocyte cells from another component of blood and second-day washingsamples and stored till slide preparation. Slide preparation done in the 1st day and using dual color geneprobe and slide reading in the second day by fluorescent microscope. The collected data were computerizedand statistically analyzed using the SPSS program (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 23.Result: The median age of the patients was 64 years and the range was 45-76 years. Among 50 patientsstudied, 18 patients were females, representing (36%) and 32 patients were males representing (64%). Male:female ratio 1.8:1. Trisomy chromosome12 was found 15 out of 50 patients with CLL, representing 30%.Conclusion:1.In the current study,15 out of 50 CLL patients (30%)present with trisomy chromosome 12 ina sample of Iraqi adult CLL patients.2. trisomy CH 12 patients show significant relation with light chainrestriction .
Detection of Capsular Polysaccharide Virulence Genes rmpA and magA of Klebsiella Pneumonia Isolate from Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patient in Najaf Governorate in Iraq
Authors: Ali Mohammed Hussein Al-Kamoosi  , Ibtisam Habeeb AL-Azawi
Published: April 2021

Klebsiella Pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen, which mostly cause nosocomial infections. K.Pneumoniae utilizes a variety of virulence factors, especially capsule polysaccharide, lipopolysaccharide,fimbriae, outer membrane proteins and determinants for iron acquisition and nitrogen source utilization,for survival and immune evasion during infection. A total of (36) clinical swab specimens isolated frompatient with diabetic foot ulcer in Al-Sdder Medical City (Central Diabetic Foot) in Najaf Governorate,Iraq from November 2019 to February 2020 , for detection some virulence capsular polysaccharide genessuch as rmpA and magA that related with K1 serotype of K . pneumonia and associated with antibioticresistance pattern in patient of diabetic foot ulcer. Antibiotic susceptibility test of K. Pneumoniae isolatesagainst (20) of commonly used antibiotic showed there 25 (69%) of K. pneumonia isolate from diabeticfoot patient were Multi-drug resistance (MDR),while11(31%) were extensive-drug resistance (XDR). Theresults of amplified product demonstrated that K1 serotype of K . Pneumonia was positive in 23 (64%)of totally clinical specimen than other types of serotype ( Non-K1 serotype). (magA) gene that associatedwith hypermucoid viscosity was positive in 21 (58%) of total specimens while (rmpA) gene that regulate ofcapsular polysaccharide of K .pneumonia was positive in 22 (62%) of totally samples
Estimating the Level of Some Trace Elements in Samples of Canned Foods Spread in the Markets of Ramadi City - Western Iraq
Authors: Riyadh Mohammed Jihad  , Maher Ahmed Abed  , Sara T. Hadi
Published: April 2021

Canned food is becoming increasingly popular in the market. In order to assess the level of concentrationof some important elements in samples of these foods, ten different types of canned food were studied. Theconcentration level of nine elements (potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, leadand cadmium) was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that the highestconcentrations of potassium, magnesium, zinc and lead were in the chickpeas sample. While the highestconcentration of calcium and manganese appeared in the fish sample. As for the elements of iron andcopper, the highest concentration of them was in the olive sample. In the mushroom sample, the highestconcentration of cadmium was shown.
Possible Effect of vitamin D3 on Follicular Maturation in Polycyctic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Women
Authors: Reyadh H. Al-Mosawi  , Nuha Hamood  , Huda Salim Altaee
Published: April 2021

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive age endocrine condition in women.Most likely, one of the major problems of PCOS patients are vitamin D3 deficiency. Therefore, investigationof the association between vitamin D3 deficiency and ovulation in PCOS women patients might help toexplore the possible relationship between them. Sixty-six patients were recruited from a private clinic inKarbala city / Al-Hindiya district, Iraq. The patients were divided into two groups (33 patients each), thefirst group treated with metformin 850 mg, b.i.d, and placebo. The second group treated with metformin 850mg, b.i.d and vitamin D3 oral supplementation 5000 IU/day for 3 months. Ultrasonography was performedmonthly on day 13 to assess the follicular size. D3 blood level was measured at the end of the 3 months.The present study demonstrated that daily D3 5000IU in PCOS women with deficient D3 whom already onscheduled metformin 850 mg b.i.d for 3 months significantly (p<0.05) increased the mid-cycle follicularsize by one 3rd in comparison to placebo group. The important finding was that vitamin D3 might enhancefollicular maturation in PCOS patients.
BOX- Genotyping of Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates from Diyala/Iraq
Authors: Lina Abdulameer S. Alsaadi  , Ibtihal Hameed Mohsin  , Iman Abbas Ali
Published: April 2021

The aim of study is to determine the typing of Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii clinical isolates fromsome hospitals in Diyala by the BOX-PCR technique. This study was carried out during the period fromFebruary 2020 to the end of September 2020. Out of 400 specimens, 53 isolates of Acinetobacter baumanniiwere recovered. All isolates were tested toward the different class of clinically important antibiotics (12)by using agar diffusion method. The results of resistance were as following: piperacillin 53%, Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid 75%, cefotaxime 94% and ceftazidime 66%, cefepime 53%, gentamicin 84%, amikacin49%, ciprofloxacin 47%, levofloxacin 38%, Aztreonam 87%, Imipenem and Meropenem 38%. Twenty (20)isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii were found to be resistant to carbapenems. The BOX–PCR methodwas used to detect the relationship among these carbapenem resistant isolates, the fingerprinting patterns ofthe isolates were shown 15 bands on gel electrophoresis, with molecular weight ranging between (100-3000bp) among the 20 carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Genetic relationship of differentisolates of Acinetobacter baumannii was done by using BOX-PCR method and Dendogram analysis.The results showed the genetic relationship between Acinetobacter baumannii 4 clones, while 12 isolatescontained different genotyping. In conclusion, the present study showed that the BOX-PCR technique isreproducible, easy, fast and cost effectiveness tool for investigating the genetic diversity of A. baumanniiisolates.
The Influence of Booklets and Videos on the Ability to Practice Breast Self Examination in Students of High School 4 Gorontalo
Authors: Nancy Olii  , Nurnaningsih Ali Abdul
Published: April 2021

Individual awareness in taking actions properly BSE is influenced by the individual understanding ofbreast cancer, so health promotion Efforts are Necessary. Videos and booklets are some alternative healthpromotion media. The research objective was to determine the effect of booklets and videos on the abilityto practice breast self-examination on students at High school 4 Gorontalo . The research used the PreExperiment method with a one-group pretest-posttest design, Carried out in August-October 2019 at Highschool 4 Gorontalo . The research sample was 60 female students from a population of 119 students usingthe purposive sampling technique. Statistical test using Paired t-test. The results of the analysis of thedifferent test on the ability of Breast Self Examination (BSE) before and after reading the booklet showedthat there was a difference in BSE ability with p-value = 0.001, while before and after watching the videoshowed that there was a difference in BSE ability with p = 0.001 (p <0.05). This study concluded that therewas an increase in the students’ BSE practice skills after reading booklets and watching BSE videos atHigh School 4 Gorontalo. It is hoped that students can increase their knowledge and apply BSE so that theincidence of breast cancer or breast disorders can be prevented and detected early.
Preparation, Characterization, Antibacterial Study, Toxicity Study of New Phenylene diamine- Formazan Derivatives
Authors: Hussein Ali Ahmed  , Nagham Mahmood Aljamali
Published: April 2021

Formazans are known to be characterized by containing very effective functional groups that have an effecton the possession of any compound with a pharmaceutical and biological characteristic as antimicrobialsfor many microbes, as these compounds have proven high resistance to the spread of cancerous tumors andthe spread of bacteria and fungi. Series of formazan derivatives were synthesized in this study from metaphenylene diamine via imination reaction then coupling reaction to yield new five derivatives. The formattedformazan derivatives have been investigated through various instrumental -spectral techniques representedby (I.R- Infrared spectra ,H. NMR -Proton magnetic resonance , Mass -Spectra )– as a spectrophotometricmeasurements ,then bio- studying via various bio- experiments in this field like cytotoxicity, resistance ofanti-bacteria.
Factors Affecting Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) Complaints in Spring Production Workers
Authors: Nisrina Tiara Sani  , Noeroel Widajati
Published: April 2021

Introduction : Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are one of the occupational diseases with complaints thatfelt in the skeletal muscle. Musculoskeletal complaints can occur in any sector of work. one of the sector isin informal sector workers. The aim of this research was to analyze the relation between individual factorswith occupational factors on musculoskeletal complaints in spring production workers.Methods : This research was an observational research with cross sectional approach. The sample in thisresearch was 23 respondents in the production unit. Sampling in this research was conducted by totalpopulation. Data of respondent characteristics musculoskeletal complaints were obtained through interviewsconducted to respondents by filling out standardized questionnaires. Work posture data were analyzed usingRapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and musculoskeletal complaints data were analyzed using theNordic Body Map (NBM) method. Statistical tests were analyzed using the Contingency Coefficient test.Results : The results of the research to 23 respondents showed that the majority of respondents as manyas 15 respondents (65.21%) had MSDs complaints in the high pain severity category. Risk factors relatedto Musculoskeletal Disorders complaints were age. smoking habit. sex. nutritional status. works duration.work posture and physical workload. The data obtained were analyzed using the Contingency Coefficienttest.Conclusion : Factors causing Musculoskeletal Disorders that had the strongest relationship were odd ornon-ergonomic work posture of workers (r = 0.632) with positive relation direction. meaning that the higherthe risk of work posture. the higher the risk for experiencing MSDs complaints.
Study And Evaluation of the Inhibitory Efficacy of Extracts of Sumbucus Nigra Flower and Tribulus Terrestris Fruits Against The Growth of Bacterial Species Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Noor Mudher Younis  , Mujahid Khalaf Ali
Published: April 2021

This study was conducted to isolate and diagnose the most important bacterial types causing urinary tractinfection from the inpatients and outpatients to Salah El Din General Hospital using routine isolation anddiagnosis methods. 70 samples were isolated, and the results showed two types of growth: Gram positivebacteria and Gram negative bacteria, where 10 bacterial types were isolated as follows:E. coli 42.85%, Kleibsiella. pneumonia 21.42% roteus mirabilis (11.42%), Staphylococcus aureus(7.14%), Enterobacter cloaca (5.71%), Serratia marcescens (2.85%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.85%),Staphylococcus Saprophyticus. 2.85%, Micrococcus luteus 1.42%, and Citrobacter freundii 1.42%.The results of the susceptibility test for 9 types of antibiotics using the discs method showed a change inthe level of resistance to different antibiotics. The most effective antibiotics were Imipenem, Ciprofloxacinand Sulfamethoxaole. Plant extracts (both aqueous and alcoholic) of Sambucus nigra and Tribulus terrestrisfruits were used, and tested for their ability to inhibit the most isolated bacteria (E. coli , K. pneumonia P.mirabilis and S. aureus ). All alcoholic extracts were effective in the direction of Bacterial isolates, whileaqueous extracts, have little or no effect.
Effect of Staphylococcus aureus Thermostable DNase on Some Immunological Parameters
Authors: Noor Naeem Khwen  , Sawsan Hassan Authman  , Mohammed Faraj AL- Marjani
Published: April 2021

Thermostable DNase was purified from Staphylococcus aureus isolated from local clinical source. Thecurrent study includes different immunological assays to evaluate the role of purified DNase. The phagocyticactivity showed that the group of mice infected with P.aeruginosa recorded the highest values with significantdifferences (P <0.05) in comparison with the group that received mixed injection of 1 µg /ml of DNase and P.aeruginosa showed decrease in phagocytic activity followed by group that injected by 1 µg /ml DNase onlywith phagocytic activity 2%. DNase has a positive immunomodulatory effect on IL-10 and IL-4 level. Thedata showed that the highest value of IL-10 is in group that injected with 1 µg /ml DNase only (IV group)was 86.79±1.68. While the highest value of IL-4 was in group that injected with both DNase (1 µg /mouse)and P.aeruginosa gave the highest values (III group) was 84.02 ±1.19. In Arthus reactions(Immediate typehypersensitivity), the group that have been injected with both DNase and P. aeruginosa (group III ) gave thehighest values (4.50±0.70) while in delayed type hypersensitivity the same group III showed higher valuesafter 24 and 48 hrs (5.00±0.00) , (4.00±0.00) respectively.
Interpretive Ability on Common Haematological Tests and critical thinking ability among B.Sc Nursing students
Authors: Norine Veera Mendonca  , Latha T  , Manjula
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Initiation of patient management and prediction of patient prognosis depend on investigationreports. Interpretive ability of common blood investigations demands high level of critical thinking and itis a less focused in nursing education. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying the relationship betweeninterpretive ability of common hematological tests and critical thinking ability among nursing students.Methods: The study design adopted was cross sectional descriptive survey. It was conducted among 140nursing students studying in third and fourth year of Bachelor of Science (B. Sc.) nursing. The data wascollected using demographic tool, interpretive exercises and Yoon’s Critical Thinking Disposition. Results:The median of interpretive ability score on common blood investigations was 13 (IQR – 11, 14). The meancritical thinking score of nursing students was 96 (SD 9.5). Analysis of the relationship between interpretiveability on common blood investigations and critical thinking ability revealed a weak positive correlation whichwas statistically not significant (r=0.141, p=0.096). There was a significant relationship between interpretiveability and intellectual eagerness (r=0.181, p=0.032) and intellectual fairness (r=0.174, p=0.039). Therewas a significant association between interpretive ability and academic performance of the students in theuniversity examinations (F=4.5, p=0.012). Interpretive exercises stimulate critical thinking among students.Conclusion: The students with high intellectual curiosity and intellectual fairness have good interpretiveability, and good academic performance improves ability to interpret common haematological tests.
A Retrospective Study to Assess the Risk Factors of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) among Patients Undergone Mechanical Ventilator
Authors: Ojal Mridha  , Pheba John  , Madhura Nalawade  , Seeta Devi
Published: April 2021

Background: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is a hospital acquired pneumonia or it is a lowerrespiratory tract infection which common occurs in patients who were kept on mechanical ventilation withendotracheal tube or tracheotomy for more than 48 hrs.Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the risk factors of ventilator associated pneumonia.Methods and Materials: This is a retrospective study conducted in a specialized surgical care unit of 57beds with 18 ICU beds; all patients who underwent the procedure of invasive mechanical ventilation formore than 48 hours. These patients were divided into two groups, group A has developed the VAP and groupB has not developed the VAP. Some certain risk factors were assessed among the patients who developedthe VAP with help of records.Results: Researchers have searched 100 patients’ data who were admitted and treated on mechanicalventilation. The percentage of the length of stay in the ICU with VAP is 64% and the patients without VAPis about 36%. The death rate was 54.2%, among VAP patients. About 53 % of the patients developed VAPwho had the previous hospitalization, 69 % of the patients developed VAP with previous history of steroidtreatment and 50 % of the VAP patients had undergone the surgical procedure and 84 % of VAP patients hadthe endotracheal tube or tracheotomyConclusion: In this study the patients who had undergone the MV developed VAP significantly withendotracheal tube or tracheotomy.
Comparison Postoperative Complications of a Novel Combined Reciprocal/Osteotome Approach (Ghasemzadeh approach) Versus Conventional Rhinoplasty: A Prospective Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Omid Ghasemzadeh  , Mehdi Heidarizadeh  , Meghdad Khanian Mehmandoost  , Maryam Zamanian
Published: April 2021

Objective: This article for the first time described a novel, hybrid approach to internal rhinoplasty bycombining a reciprocating saw/osteotome. We compared it with conventional “pure” instrument (osteotomiesperformed by chisel only) in terms of cutting time and postoperative complications such as ecchymosis,edema, pain and overall patient’s satisfaction with surgery.Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial study. Toassess variables of the study 60 patients were divided into two groups: 1) 30 patients underwent newapproach and 2) 30 patients underwent conventional osteotomies. The outcomes of the study were cuttingtime in minutes and postoperative edema, ecchymosis and pain and overall patient’s satisfaction whichwere measured at two time points: days 2 and 7 after surgery. Data were analyzed using repeated measureANOVA test.Results: The mean cutting time was significantly lower in Ghasemzadeh approach group when comparedwith usual osteotome group (P value=0.001). On both 2 and 7 days following surgery, ecchymosis (Pvalue=0.001 and =0.033, respectively) and pain (P value= 0.001 and 0.001, respectively) was significantlylower in Ghasemzadeh approach group than in the usual osteotome group. The mean level of edema onpostoperative 2 days was lower but not significant in Ghasemzadeh approach group than in the usualosteotome group (P = .09), while it was significant on 7 days (P value=0.001). The patient’s satisfactionreported by the Ghasemzadeh approach group was significantly better than usual osteotome group on 2 and7 days following surgery.Conclusion: It is concluded that the use of combined reciprocating saw/osteotome in rhinoplasty showedthat swelling, pain, ecchymosis and short-term patient satisfaction was improved with this technique.
Toxicopathological Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on the Liver Function and Preventive Role of Silymarin In vivo
Authors: Ozdan Akram Ghareeb
Published: April 2021

The zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are used in cosmetics and skincare products, and as drug deliverysystems. Because of their natural and therapeutic dangers, high attention was given to the toxicity ofnanoparticles. This experiment was designed to study the pathological influences of ZnONPs on the liverfunction parameters of rats, and to explore the protective action of Silymarin (SIL) against liver functiondisturbances of rats induced by ZnONPs. In our study, (24) albino rats were divided into (4) groups, (6)rats for each and used. The control animals included rats without treatment, while the ZnONPs group ratsreceived 50 mg/kg of ZnONPs for 28 days. In the ZnONPs+SIL group, rats were co-administered witha combination of ZnONPs at a 50mg/kg dose with SIL at a 100 mg/kg dose for 28 days. The SIL groupanimals were treated with 100 mg/kg of SIL for 28 days. All the animals were sacrificed and blood sampleswere obtained by cardiac puncture in the end of the experiments. The levels of biochemical parameters(hepatic enzymes) including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkalinephosphatase (ALP) were measured to detect liver function disorders. The results revealed that ZnONPsinduced a significant increase in plasma enzyme activity in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). Cotreatment of SIL significantly reduced levels of these enzyme activities. Based on these results, it can be saidthat Silymarin effectively protects against ZnONPs induced liver function disorders in rats.