bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crise : Quelques réflexions systémiques sur l'anthropocene
Authors: François Charles
Published: July 2020

Prior to globalization, crises were due to local or regional environmental abuses, leadership conflicts, local or regional climatic disasters, major epidemics or pandemics. The humanity of the beginning of the 21st century is facing for the first time a situation of global change on a planetary scale. The origin of this change is endogenous to the human species. Scientific and technological evolution has endowed humanity with powerful means of action that have transformed it into an important actor in the planetary ecology. This transformation is a consequence of fundamental factors that have reinforced each other. The use of fossil fuels returns to the environment gigantic amounts of solar energy fossilized in vegetable form during the billions of years of the primary, secondary and tertiary geological ages. The inevitable consequence is and will be more and more, global climate warming. This profound change could it surely causes serious adjustment disorders in all human societies. It is in this sense that the word "crisis" acquires its full and sinister meaning. A financial crisis is nothing more than the repetition of a psychosociological episode also recurrent in the evolution of the economy. A remarkable consequence is that man (biological, psychosocial) has become a "piece" of a huge machine, on a planetary scale, and his activities are increasingly conditioned by this machine created by himself. The concept of competitive advantage generally dominates economic thinking. This way of thinking reflects the historical situation of humanity. Until today, the human species could progress without limits towards greater use of its planetary environment. The waste did not have a negative ecological significance. The most sensible and appropriate objective, certainly, is not to lead all of humanity to share the waste that, by hyper-consumption, characterizes, for the moment, the societies considered as developed. A rational objective would be to guarantee to all humanity a level of life as satisfactory as possible, based on truly renewable planetary resources, assuming the need to keep the planet habitable.
Du modèle d’alignement stratégique des TI au Leapfrog : Structure causale ou systémique
Authors: Ivinza Lepapa Alphonse-Christian
Published: July 2020

Cet article a pour objectif de mettre en avant l’analyse des «Impacts Organisationnels des TIC » qui utilisent les approches systèmes et qui font appel à l’utilisation des modèles. Le centre d’intérêt se situe dans l’école de la conception de systèmes. Après une brève présentation du modèle d’alignement stratégique (SAM : Strategic Alignement Model, 1991, p.172) de Vankatramam, nous introduisons le concept de Leapfrog. L’environnement de l’étude concerne les pays en voie de développement (PVD) et les pays sous développé (PSD). Aussi, nous pouvons considérer la RDC et les autres pays africains qui font partie de notre échantillon comme étant des PVD ou des PSD.La Crise managériale dans les entreprises des PSD et PVD est abordée en deux points: d’abordnous rappelonsla classification des pays suivant le potentiel de développement informatique (CIDP - Computer Industrial Development Potential), et ensuite, nous évoquons les facteurs de crise managériale dans ces pays (en Afrique). L’examen de la résolution des crises managériales des PVD et PSD est effectué sous deux angles. D’abord par un survol du Leapfrog en Afrique: Royaume de l’innovation. Ensuite par l’analyse de l’informatisation des entreprises congolaises suivant le modèle d’alignement stratégique (Ivinza Lepapa, 2007). Comment les PVD et les PSD adoptent les TIC? Nous repartons d’un échantillon d’une thèse de doctorat réalisée à l’ULB (Ivinza Lepapa et Wilikin Luc, Solvay 2007) nous expliquons et explorons comment l’adoption des TIC dans ces pays ne respectait pas une structure causale linéaire comme dans les pays occidentaux. Mais effectuaient drôlement un bond organisationnel qui migrait vers une structure systémique que les économistes de développement appellent aujourd’hui Leapfrog.
Counselling and Ethical Theories
Authors: Balsemão Pires Edmundo
Published: July 2020

The multiplication of counseling interventions, therapeutic models, advisory practices, couching expertise or “think tanks” is a characteristic of the increasing social awareness to the need for control or to the observation of learning in psychological and social contexts. Such trends put under a special focus the contribution of Science and Technology to the best design of the self-observation of organizations. Appropriate answers to specific ethical issues resulting from conflict or stress in the interpenetration of psychic (actions, perceptions and beliefs) and communicative schemes (decision-making sequences, interactional patterns and communicative themes) are also today’s concerns. In my paper, I propose a redefinition of second-order Ethics (after Heinz von Foerster’s Second-Order Cybernetics). Second-order Ethics proves to be a valid answer to the needs for an ethical theory able to address the theme of responsibility in personal processes where learning to learn is crucial and also a good tool to face concrete situations requiring therapeutic intervention or counselling in learning organisations.
De l'anthropocène à la collapsologie : Revaloriser le contrat naturel
Authors: Claeys Damien
Published: July 2020

À l'ère qu'ils nomment anthropocène, les scientifiques envisagent sérieusement l'effondrement imminent de notre civilisation à l'issue d'un crash global – qui pourrait prendre plusieurs années – affectant les dimensions écologique, sociétale et humaine. Cette conception objectivée du réel dans lequel nous vivons est le résultat d'une succession de travaux scientifique remontant, au moins, à la fin des années 1960 qui n'ont cessés d'avertir la société des effets négatifs et prévisibles d'une surconsommation des ressources planétaires, d'une fragilisation des liens sociétaux entre les êtres humains et des mises sous contrainte psychologique des leurs cerveaux.Un parallélisme apparaît entre l'origine de cette prise de conscience et celle des modélisations pour comprendre les systèmes naturels et humains à l'aide de la théorie des systèmes, pensée relationnelle des phénomènes observés intégrant ces derniers dans leur contexte avant de les étudier.Aujourd'hui, confronté aux effets d'une crise mondialisée, le fonctionnement global des sociétés humaines repose encore sur l'exploitation de la biocapacité planétaire et la stratification des classes sociales. La pensée systémique est l'une des méthodes capable de modéliser leur fonctionnement de manière à pouvoir les transformer en profondeur.
Stanisław Adam Paruch, Efektywność ochrony praw człowieka Rady Europy i Unii Europejskiej, Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Toruń 2019, pp. 483.
Authors: Rezmer-Płotka Kamila
Published: July 2020

Review
Polityczne uwarunkowania funkcjonowania kościelnych organizacji charytatywnych w Republice Czeskiej
Authors: Kamiński Tadeusz
Published: July 2020

W artykule podjęty został problem szeroko rozumianych politycznych uwarunkowań kościelnej działalności charytatywnej w Republice Czeskiej. W pierwszej części omówiono relacje pomiędzy państwem a Kościołem katolickim w tym kraju. Przywołane zostały przepisy konstytucji oraz jeszcze nieratyfikowanej umowy ze Stolicą Apostolską. Następnie zostały przeanalizowane regulacje prawne stwarzające ramy dla zaangażowania Kościoła w czeskim systemie usług socjalnych. Właściwe przepisy w tym zakresie zawiera ustawa o służbach społecznych z roku 2006. W ostatniej części, celem egzemplifikacji, została przybliżona działalność największego wyznaniowego dostawcy usług socjalnych w Republice Czeskiej, a mianowicie katolickiej Caritas.
Management reforms in the Polish and Hungarian local government
Authors: Rajca Lucyna
Published: July 2020

The study aims to compare management reforms in the Hungarian and Polish local government structures which were introduced at the beginning of the transformation of the socio-political system and during the first two decades of the 21st century. The analyses show that local governments in both countries have implemented solutions derived from different management paradigms, which are in many respects contradictory. In the process of implementing management reforms in the local governments of the two countries there have been both convergent and divergent trends. The public administration reforms in Hungary after 2010 reflect a coherent vision of a strong and centralized state and are intended to ensure effective resolution of social problems. The market and civil society have been given a subordinate role. As far as the Polish local government model is concerned, currently it is difficult to indicate one organizational model constituting a coherent whole.
МОВНА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ ДЕПРЕСІЇ В ПОВІСТІ ОЛЬГИ КОБИЛЯНСЬКОЇ В НЕДІЛЮ РАНО ЗІЛЛЯ КОПАЛА
Authors: ПАПІШ ВІТАЛІЯ
Published: July 2020

Badanie przeprowadzono w zakresie współczesnej psycholingwistyki. Jego aktualność warunkuje niedostateczny rozwój psychoanalizy językowej na Ukrainie, a także konieczność nowej recepcji klasyków ukraińskich, do których należy Olga Kobylańska — przedstawicielka prozy epoki modernizmu. Celem artykułu jest prześledzenie środków językowych użytych do przedstawienia motywu depresji w powieści O. Kobylańskiej В неділю рано зілля копала. W artykule przeanalizowano leksykę użytą w opisaniu łez, płaczu, smutku, samotności. Wyznaczono korelację między zasobami lingwistycznymi a fenomenem psychologicznym samej autorki. Rezultaty badań dowodzą, że język w utworze literackim zawiera zakodowaną informację psychologiczną. A zatem prześledzony w artykule bogaty „tezaurus” smutku może wskazywać na fakt, że podczas pisania powieści Olga Kobylańska była w stanie głębokiej depresji, co jednak nie przeszkodziło jej w stworzeniu arcydzieła, którym zachwyca się świat.
СТАТУС УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ В КОНТЕКСТІ БАГАТОМОВНОСТІ: ДЕЯКІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: REDKVA MARIYA
Published: July 2020

W artykule przedstawiono sytuację języka ukraińskiego we współczesnych społeczeństwach wielokulturowych. Wybrane zagadnienia prezentują tradycyjny rozwój, przetrwanie oraz zachowanie języka w kraju oraz w warunkach emigracji. Socjolingwistyczne badania tego problemu są bardzo ważne dla tworzenia całościowego obrazu rozwoju języka. Cel artykułu polega na przedstawieniu miejsca języka ukraińskiego w kontekście wielojęzyczności współczesnego świata oraz na porównywaniu takich definicji, jak dwujęzyczność, język ojczysty, język odziedziczony, język docelowy, pierwszy i drugi język w różnych językach (przede wszystkim w angielskim, polskim oraz ukraińskim) w odniesieniu właśnie do języka ukraińskiego. Ważnym aspektem jest porównywanie sytuacji języka ukraińskiego w diasporze w różnych krajach oraz znaczenia języka dla przedstawicieli różnych fal emigracji. Znaczenie języka dla każdego kolejnego pokolenia, skutki interferencji językowej, sposoby na zachowanie języka to podstawowe zagadnienia, które są interesujące zarówno dla językoznawców, jak i socjologów.
Substancehood and Subjecthood in Z-H
Authors: Zingano Marco
Published: July 2020

This paper focuses on two passages of Aristotle’s Metaphysics, one in Z 3, the other in H1, in which Aristotle seems to assert that the hupokeimenon is said in three ways, as matter, form, and the compound of matter and form. From these two passages it is often said that subjecthood is a criterion for being substance (alongside two other criteria, separateness and being a tode ti). A consequence of this is that, if form is to be substance, and form is substance, namely first substance, it has to comply with the subject-criterion. This paper challenges this reading, purporting to show that these two passages need not commit Aristotle to the subject-criterion, and that there are good reasons not to commit him to it.
Existence of Positive Ground State Solutions for Choquard Systems
Authors: Deng Yinbin , Jin Qingfei , Shuai Wei
Published: July 2020

We study the existence of positive ground state solution for Choquard systems. In the autonomous case, we prove the existence of at least one positive ground state solution by the Pohozaev manifold method and symmetric-decreasing rearrangement arguments. Moreover, we show that each positive ground state solution is radial symmetric. While, in the nonautonomous case, a positive ground state solution is obtained by using a monotonicity trick and a global compactness lemma. We remark that, under our assumptions of the nonlinearity

W
u

{W_{u}}

, the search of ground state solutions cannot be reduced to the study of critical points of a functional restricted to a Nehari manifold.
A mixed integer nonlinear programming approach for integrated bio-refinery and petroleum refinery topology optimization
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed , Sunarso Jaka
Published: July 2020

The conversion of biomass into gasoline and diesel in bio-refinery process is an attractive process given its carbon neutral and sustainable nature. The economics of bio-refinery can be improved via integration with petroleum refinery, whereby bio-refinery intermediates can be processed into gasoline and diesel in the well-established petroleum refinery processing units, i. e., hydrocracking (HC) and fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) units. However, the integration of the new bio-refinery into the existing petroleum refinery may not give the optimum solution given the capacities constraints of the existing petroleum refinery upgrading units such as FCC and HC units. Thus, this work proposed a superstructure comprising new bio-refinery and new petroleum refinery block diagrams. The superstructure was formulated into mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model. The model was coded into general algebraic modeling system (GAMS) platform and solved using global optimum solver, LINDOGLOBAL. The model application was demonstrated using representative case study. The model results showed that the optimum integrated bio-refinery and petroleum refinery topology favors the upgrading of bio-refinery intermediates using petroleum refinery HC unit under one-through operation mode with a marginal increase in the profit of about 0.39% compared to the second optimum case of upgrading bio-refinery intermediate using petroleum refinery FCC unit under gasoline operation mode. Thus, the decision in selecting the most suitable topology can be made based on the market demand for gasoline and diesel as the topology that uses FCC maximizes gasoline production and the topology that uses HC maximizes diesel production.
Development and validation of mathematical model of hydrotropic-reactive extraction of lignin
Authors: Hartati Indah , Sediawan Wahyudi Budi , Sulistyo Hary , Azis Muhammad Mufti , Fahrurrozi Moh
Published: July 2020

Hydrotropes have been largely explored as reactive extraction agent for lignin separation. In this paper, a mathematical model of hydrotropic-reactive extraction of sugarcane bagasse lignin was proposed and validated by experimental data from literature. The mathematical model was developed by assuming the particle is in slab shape, and by considering simultaneous processes of hydrotrope intra particle diffusion, second order reaction of lignin-hydrotrope, and intra-particle soluble delignification product diffusion. The proposed model results in a set of partial differential equations which were then solved by explicit finite difference approximation method. The mathematical model parameters were determined by fitting the model to the hydrotropic reactive extraction experimental data reported by Ansari and Gaikar (2014). Simulations show that the mathematical model of the hydrotropic-reactive extraction were well fitted to the experimental data with the obtained hydrotrope effective diffusivity (D

eA
) of 5.0 × 10−11 m2/s, effective diffusivity of soluble lignin product (D

eC
) of 9.0 × 10−12 m2/s and reaction rate constant (k

r
) of 1.78 × 10−10 m3/(g.s). It was also observed that the reaction was first order to the hydrotrope (n = 1), and one half order to the lignin (m = 0.5). Meanwhile the pseudo-stoichiometric mass ratio of hydrotrope to lignin was 6.4 g hydrotrope/g lignin.
Dapsone for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis – applying theory to clinical practice with a focus on drug interactions
Authors: Corallo Carmela Emma , Coutsouvelis John , Morgan Susan , Morrissey Orla , Avery Sharon
Published: July 2020

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a potentially life-threatening infection that occurs in immunocompromised individuals. The incidence can be as high as 80% in some groups but can be reduced to less than 1% with appropriate prophylaxis. HIV-infected patients with a low CD4 count are at the highest risk of PJP. Others at substantial risk include haematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients, those with cancer (particularly haematologic malignancies), and those receiving glucocorticoids, chemotherapeutic agents, and other immunosuppressive medications. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is an established first-line line agent for prevention and treatment of PJP. However, in some situations, this medication cannot be used and dapsone is considered a suitable cost-effective second line agent. However, information on potential interactions with drugs commonly used in immunosuppressed patients is lacking or contradictory. In this this article we review the metabolic pathway of dapsone with a focus on interactions and clinical significance particularly in patients with haematological malignancies. An understanding of this process should optimise the use of this agent.
COVID-19-associated coagulopathy
Authors: Franchini Massimo , Marano Giuseppe , Cruciani Mario , Mengoli Carlo , Pati Ilaria , Masiello Francesca , Veropalumbo Eva , Pupella Simonetta , Vaglio Stefania , Liumbruno Giancarlo Maria
Published: July 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a viral respiratory illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been recently recognized as a systemic disorder inducing a prothrombotic state. The molecular mechanisms underlying the hypercoagulable state seen in patients with COVID-19 is still incompletely understood, although it presumably involves the close link between inflammatory and hemostatic systems. The laboratory coagulation monitoring of severely ill COVID-19 patients is mandatory to identify those patients at increased thrombotic risk and to modulate thromboprophylaxis accordingly. In this review, we summarize the current understanding on the pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical and laboratory features and management of coagulopathy associated with COVID-19.
Recommender in AI-enhanced Learning: An Assessment from the Perspective of Instructional Design
Authors: Kerres Michael , Buntins Katja
Published: July 2020

As tools for AI-enhanced human learning, recommender systems support learners in finding materials and sequencing learning paths. The paper explores how these recommenders improve the learning experience from a perspective of instructional design. It analyzes mechanisms underlying current recommender systems, and it derives concrete examples of how they operate: Recommenders are either expert-, criteria-, behavior-, or profile-based or rely on social comparisons. To verify this classification of five different mechanisms, we analyze a set of current publications on recommenders and find all the identified mechanisms with profile-based approaches as the most common. Social recommenders, though highly attractive in other sectors, reveal some drawbacks in the context of learning. In comparison, expert-based recommendations are easy to implement and often stand out as simple but effective ways for suggesting learning materials and learning paths to learners. They can be combined with other approaches based on social comparisons and individual profiles. The paper points out challenges in studying recommenders for learning and provides suggestions for future research.
Decomposition and classification of length functions
Authors: Spirito Dario
Published: July 2020

We study decompositions of length functions on integral domains as sums of length functions constructed from overrings.
We find a standard representation when the integral domain admits a Jaffard family, when it is Noetherian and when it is a Prüfer domains such that every ideal has only finitely many minimal primes.
We also show that there is a natural bijective correspondence between singular length functions and localizing systems.
𝐿𝑝-estimates for rough bi-parameter Fourier integral operators
Authors: Wang Guangqing , Chen Wenyi
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we study the

L
q

{L^{q}}

-

L
r

{L^{r}}

boundedness of bi-parameter Fourier integral operators defined by general rough Hörmander class amplitudes.
Convexity of sets in metric Abelian groups
Authors: Fechner Włodzimierz , Páles Zsolt
Published: July 2020

In the present paper, we introduce a new concept of convexity which is generated by a family of endomorphisms of an Abelian group.
In Abelian groups, equipped with a translation invariant metric, we define the boundedness, the norm, the modulus of injectivity and the spectral radius of endomorphisms. Beyond the investigation of their properties, our first main goal is an extension of the celebrated Rådström cancellation theorem.
Another result generalizes the Neumann invertibility theorem.
Next we define the convexity of sets with respect to a family of endomorphisms, and we describe the set-theoretical and algebraic structure of the class of such sets.
Given a subset, we also consider the family of endomorphisms that make this subset convex, and we establish the basic properties of this family.
Our first main result establishes conditions which imply midpoint convexity.
The next main result, using our extension of the Rådström cancellation theorem, presents further structural properties of the family of endomorphisms that make a subset convex.
Singular integral operators in some variable exponent Lebesgue spaces
Authors: Kokilashvili Vakhtang , Mastyło Mieczysław , Meskhi Alexander
Published: July 2020

The paper deals with the exploration of those subclasses of the variable exponent Lebesgue space

L

p
⁢

(
⋅
)

{L^{p(\,\cdot\,)}}

with

min
⁡
p

⁢

(
⋅
)

=
1

{\min p(\,\cdot\,)=1}

, which are invariant with respect to Cauchy singular integral operators.
On the capability of Leibniz algebras
Authors: Khmaladze Emzar , Kurdiani Revaz , Ladra Manuel
Published: July 2020

We study the capability property of Leibniz algebras via the non-abelian exterior product.
Anticipation in the Normative Task of Practical Theology
Authors: Whapham Theodore James
Published: July 2020

This essay seeks to make a contribution to Catholic practical theological methodology through a discussion of “anticipation” as developed in the theology of Wolfhart Pannenberg. Its main thesis is that an understanding of the proleptic and anticipatory character of revelation and tradition can help articulate the role of tradition in the normative task of a Catholic practical theology. The first section of the paper looks at the normative task of practical theology and how this is reflected in the Whiteheads’ Method of Ministry. Then it seeks to explain the notion of “anticipation” and its implications for a theology of tradition. Finally it draws out the implications of incorporating this concept into practical theological method.
Units and augmentation powers in integral group rings
Authors: Maheshwary Sugandha , Passi Inder Bir S.
Published: July 2020

The augmentation powers in an integral group ring

ℤ
⁢
G

{\mathbb{Z}G}

induce a natural filtration of the unit group of

ℤ
⁢
G

{\mathbb{Z}G}

analogous to the filtration of the group G given by its dimension series

{

D
n

⁢

(
G
)

}

n
≥
1

{\{D_{n}(G)\}_{n\geq 1}}

.
The purpose of the present article is to investigate this filtration, in particular, the triviality of its intersection.
On variational regularization: Finite dimension and Hölder stability
Authors: Mittal Gaurav , Giri Ankik Kumar
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we analyze the convergence rates for finite-dimensional variational regularization in Banach spaces by taking into account the noisy data and operator approximations. In particular, we determine the convergence rates by incorporating the smoothness concepts of Hölder stability estimates and the variational inequalities. Additionally, we discuss two ill-posed inverse problems to complement the abstract theory presented in our main results.
Two intronic variants of CYP11B1 and CYP17A1 disrupt mRNA splicing and cause congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
Authors: Dai Weiqian , Zhang Xia , Liu Huili , Sun Yu , Fan Yanjie , Yu Yongguo
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder of steroidogenesis.11β-hydroxylase deficiency and 17α-hydroxylase deficiency are two forms of CAH caused by defects of CYP11B1 and CYP17A1 respectively.

Case presentation

Two rare intronic variants were identified in suspected CAH patients. Though not located at the classic splicing sites, these two variants perturbed splicing based on minigene assays. One variant, NM_000497.4: c.240-157T>G of CYP11B1 identified in subject 1, resulted in the retention of 136 intronic nucleotides. The other variant, NM_000102.4: c.754-6 A>G of CYP17A1 identified in subject 2, leading to the retention of 5 intronic nucleotides. Both variants resulted in out-of-frame alteration of the respective transcript.

Conclusion

Cryptic splicing variants in the intronic regions contribute to the genetic defects of CAH. Minigene assay is useful to confirm the splice altering effect and make a definitive molecular diagnosis.
Miscellaneous equalities for idempotent matrices with applications
Authors: Tian Yongge
Published: July 2020

This article brings together miscellaneous formulas and facts on matrix expressions that are composed by idempotent matrices in one place with cogent introduction and references for further study. The author will present the basic mathematical ideas and methodologies of the matrix analytic theory in a readable, up-to-date, and comprehensive manner, including constructions of various algebraic matrix identities composed by the conventional operations of idempotent matrices, and uses of the block matrix method in the derivation of closed-form formulas for calculating the ranks of matrix expressions that are composed by idempotent matrices. The author also determines the maximum and minimum ranks of some matrix pencils composed by the products of matrices and their generalized inverses and uses the ranks to characterize algebraic performance of the matrix pencils.
FOXK2 downregulation suppresses EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kong Jian , Zhang Qingyun , Liang Xuefeng , Sun Wenbing
Published: July 2020

Forkhead box K2 (FOXK2) was first identified as an NFAT-like interleukin-binding factor. FOXK2 has been reported to act as either oncogene or tumor suppressor. However, functional and regulating mechanisms of FOXK2 in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. An FOXK2-specific siRNA was employed to decrease the endogenous expression of FOXK2. MTT assay, colony formation and transwell assay were used to evaluate proliferation, migration and invasion of Hep3B and HCCLM3 cells, respectively. The protein expression associated with EMT and Akt signaling pathways was evaluated using western blot. FOXK2 downregulation could inhibit cell proliferation and colony formation and suppress migration and invasion in Hep3B and HCCLM3 cells. The expression of E-cadherin was significantly upregulated, and the expression of snail and p-Akt was significantly downregulated in siFOXK2-transfected cells compared with control cells. SF1670 induced the expression of p-Akt and snail and suppressed the expression of E-cadherin in Hep3B and HCCLM3 cells. SF1670 promoted the invasion and colony formation of Hep3B and HCCLM3 cells. SF1670 partly inhibited the effect of FOXK2 suppression on Hep3B and HCCLM3 cells. In conclusion, this study revealed that FOXK2 downregulation suppressed the EMT in HCC partly through inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway.
Lasing at the nanoscale: coherent emission of surface plasmons by an electrically driven nanolaser
Authors: Fedyanin Dmitry Yu. , Krasavin Alexey V. , Arsenin Aleksey V. , Zayats Anatoly V.
Published: July 2020

Plasmonics offers a unique opportunity to break the diffraction limit of light and bring photonic devices to the nanoscale. As the most prominent example, an integrated nanolaser is a key to truly nanoscale photonic circuits required for optical communication, sensing applications and high-density data storage. Here, we develop a concept of an electrically driven subwavelength surface-plasmon-polariton nanolaser, which is based on a novel amplification scheme, with all linear dimensions smaller than the operational free-space wavelength λ and a mode volume of under λ
3/30. The proposed pumping approach is based on a double-heterostructure tunneling Schottky barrier diode and gives the possibility to reduce the physical size of the device and ensure in-plane emission so that the nanolaser output can be naturally coupled to a plasmonic or nanophotonic waveguide circuitry. With the high energy efficiency (8% at 300 K and 37% at 150 K), the output power of up to 100 μW and the ability to operate at room temperature, the proposed surface plasmon polariton nanolaser opens up new avenues in diverse application areas, ranging from ultrawideband optical communication on a chip to low-power nonlinear photonics, coherent nanospectroscopy, and single-molecule biosensing.
Riot, Strike, Commune: Gendering a Civil War
Authors: Clover Joshua
Published: July 2020

This article departs from Joshua Clover’s historical and theoretical schema that locates riots and strikes within the categories of circulation and production struggles, moving from the categories of capital’s reproduction to the reproduction of the proletariat. Here it offers the commune as the exemplary form of the category of reproduction struggle. The commune is understood not as an intentional community of withdrawal but as something like counter-reproduction, able not just to reproduce itself but to strike at capital as an antagonistic force — striking at the vital exposure of an increasingly circulation-centered capitalism. Crucial examples are encampments against extractive capital such as Standing Rock or the ZAD. The article shows how political sovereignty and economic circulation are entirely entangled, pointing to the ways that social movements have looked upon them as separate domains. Therefore, the commune is a process at the crux of the political and the economic, overcoming the tendency to prefer one or the other. Finally, the article discusses the gendered aspect of the sphere of reproduction that makes possible the double confrontation of counter-reproduction.
Experiencing Grace: A Thematic Network Analysis of Person-Level Narratives
Authors: Schellekens Tine , Dillen Annemie , Dezutter Jessie
Published: July 2020

The aim of the present study is to clarify the lay experience of grace through person-level narratives. This empirical qualitative study follows a bottom-up approach, not restricted by specific theoretical assumptions, and includes a large and heterogeneous group of Belgian participants. The sample (recruited online) was composed of 456 participants (64% women, mean age = 50.04, age range from 18 to 93 years). Data consisted of 456 written narratives describing the experience of grace. They were analysed using a thematic analysis and thematic network approach with the help of a qualitative data management package Nvivo 12 pro. The resulting thematic network visualizes the experience of grace in the flow of time with (a) antecedents, grace can happen anywhere and anytime, but difficulties often precede grace; (b) the core experience is one of receiving an unmerited free gift in response to failure or brokenness or as an encounter with goodness and beauty, and this can be given by the divine or by other people and lastly (c) consequences entails a transformation at the intrapersonal, interpersonal and/or situational level. Our approach allows for an ecological and bottom-up understanding of grace as experienced nowadays in a secularized country and can empirically inform future studies about the connection between grace and psychological flourishing.
Cochlear synaptopathy: new findings in animal and human research
Authors: Aedo Cristian , Aguilar Enzo
Published: July 2020

In animal models, prolonged exposure (2 h) to high-level noise causes an irreparable damage to the synapses between the inner hair cells and auditory nerve fibers within the cochlea. Nevertheless, this injury does not necessarily alter the hearing threshold. Similar findings have been observed as part of typical aging in animals. This type of cochlear synaptopathy, popularly called “hidden hearing loss,” has been a significant issue in neuroscience research and clinical audiology scientists. The results obtained in different investigations are inconclusive in their diagnosis and suggest new strategies for both prognosis and treatment of cochlear synaptopathy. Here we review the major physiological findings regarding cochlear synaptopathy in animals and humans and discuss mathematical models. We also analyze the potential impact of these results on clinical practice and therapeutic options.
The effect of periaqueductal gray’s metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 8 activation on locomotor function following spinal cord injury
Authors: Hosseini Marjan , Parviz Mohsen , Shabanzadeh Alireza P. , Zamani Elham
Published: July 2020

Background and aims

The pathophysiology of spinal cord injury is very complex. One of the debilitating aspects of spinal cord injury in addition to pain is a defect in motor function below the lesion surface. In this study, we tried to assess the modulatory effect of (S)-3,4-Dicarboxyphenylglycine (DCPG), a metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 8 (mGluR8) agonist, on animal’s locomotor functions in a model of compression spinal cord injury.

Methods

We used a contusion method (T6-T8) for induction of spinal cord injury. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five equal groups (n = 10 per group). Clips compression injury model was used to induce spinal cord injury. Three weeks post injury DCPG, siRNA (small interfering Ribonucleic Acid) and normal saline (vehicle) were administered intra-ventrolaterally to the periaqueductal gray (PAG) region. Motor function, were assessed through BBB (Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan Locomotor Rating Scale) and ladder walking test. In addition, the effects of DCPG on axonal regeneration in corticospinal tract were evaluated.

Results

We found that DCPG could improve motor function and axonal regeneration in corticospinal tract when compared to siRNA group.

Conclusions

The results revealed that activation of mGluR8 in PAG is capable to improve motor function and of axonal regeneration due to the inhibitory effect on glutamate transmission on the spinal cord surface and also the elimination of the deleterious effect of glutamate on the regeneration of the injured area as an excitatory neurotransmitter.

Implications

Our findings in this study showed that, more attention should be paid to glutamate and its receptors in spinal cord injury studies, whether at the spinal or cerebral level, especially in the field of motor function after spinal cord injury.
Diagnostic value of laboratory results in children with acute appendicitis
Authors: Tartar Tugay , Bakal Ünal , Saraç Mehmet , Aydin Suleyman , Kazez Ahmet
Published: July 2020

Background

The correct diagnosis rate in acute appendicitis (AA) is between 72 and 94% despite advanced laboratory and radiologic examinations. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of laboratory parameters in the diagnosis of children with appendicitis.

Materials and methods

Patients who underwent appendectomy were divided as AA (subdivided into two groups as perforated and non-perforated) and without appendicitis. White blood cell (WBC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), red cell distribution (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin levels and Alvarado score were recorded.

Results

WBC, NLR and CRP levels were higher in patients with AA (p<0.05). According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the ROC curve (AUC), p values and 95% confidence interval in predicting patients with and without appendicitis were NLR: 0.703, 0.025, 0.523–0.884; CRP: 0.822, <0.001, 0.725–0.919; procalcitonin: 0.631, 0.150, 506–0.755 and Alvarado score: 0.754, 0.05, 0.578–0.930, respectively. RDW, CRP and procalcitonin values of perforated appendicitis patients were higher compared with those of the non-perforated ones (p<0.05). According to the ROC curve, AUC, p values and 95%CI were NLR: 0.583, 0.094, 0.488–0.678; RDW: 0.715, <0.001, 0.628–0.802; CRP: 0.900, <0.001, 0.842–0.958; procalcitonin: 0.865, <0.001, 0.799–0.930 and Alvarado score: 0.727, <0.001, 0.641–0.812, respectively.

Conclusions

CRP is the most effective bioindicator in the diagnosis of AA, the detection of perforated cases. It was revealed that NLR is effective in the diagnosis of AA, procalcitonin and RDW values are effective in the separation of perforated cases.
Dynamic response of axially loaded end-bearing rectangular closed diaphragm walls
Authors: Cao Geng , Zhu Ming-xing , Gong Wei-Ming , Jiang Kai-yu , Wang Bo-Chen
Published: July 2020

This paper presents an approximate analytical solution for the vertical dynamic impedance and shaft resistance of rectangular closed diaphragm walls (RCDWs) embedded in a homogeneous soil medium and resting on rock base. The vertical continuous displacement model for the steady-state response of RCDWs is proposed to ensure proper RCDWs-soil contact and satisfy the boundary condition of soil at infinite horizontal distance. The soil horizontal displacement is neglected and the effect is indirectly taken into account by the modification of soil modulus. The functional of system potential and kinetic energies is established via the soil and RCDWs displacement functions. The governing equations of the system and the relevant conditions are obtained and the vertical shaft resistance of RCDWs is established by employing Hamilton’s variational principle for RCDWs-soil system and thin layer element, respectively. Some representative numerical examples are presented to portray the influences of soil core ratio, height–width ratio, diaphragm wall-soil stiffness ratio, and aspect ratio of RCDWs cross sections on the dynamic impedances and stiffness of the shaft resistance.
Synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles @Trioctylmethylammonium thiosalicylat (TOMATS) as a new magnetic nanoadsorbent for adsorption of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solution
Authors: Kasraei Ruhollah , Malakootian Mohammad , Mohamadi Maryam
Published: July 2020

The aim of this research was to investigate ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal efficiency from aqueous solutions by using Fe3O4 nanoparticles @Trioctylmethylammonium thiosalicylat Ionic liquid (Fe3O4 NP@ TOMATS IL) as a new magnetic nanoadsorbent. The adsorbent was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), mapping, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The effects of solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial CIP concentration, and temperature on CIP removal were also investigated. In optimal conditions such as pH = 5.6, CIP concentration = 30 mg/L, adsorbent dose = 0.15 g, temperature = 30 °C, contact time = 90 min, the removal efficiency in synthetic and real wastewater were obtained 87 and 73%, respectively. Batch experiments were carried out to study the sorption Kinetics, thermodynamics, and equilibrium isotherms of CIP with magnetic nanoadsorbent. The results show that all of the above factors influence CIP removal. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm fits the adsorption process well, with the pseudo second-order model describing the adsorption kinetics accurately. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that adsorption is mainly physical adsorption. Recycling experiments revealed that the behavior of adsorbent is maintained after recycling for four times.
Structure and energetics of microscopically inhomogeneous nanoplasmas in exploding clusters
Authors: Last Isidore , Heidenreich Andreas , Jortner Joshua
Published: July 2020

We present a theoretical-computational study of the formation, structure, composition, energetics, dynamics and expansion of nanoplasmas consisting of high-energy matter on the nanoscale of ions and electrons. Molecular dynamics simulations explored the structure and energetics of hydrogen and neon persistent nanoplasmas formed under the condition of incomplete outer ionization by the laser field. We observed a marked microscopic inhomogeneity of the structure and the charge distribution of exploding nanoplasmas on the nanoscale. This is characterized by a nearly neutral, uniform, interior domain observed for the first time, and a highly positively charged, exterior domain, with these two domains being separated by a transition domain. We established the universality of the general features of the shape of the charge distribution, as well as of the energetics and dynamics of individual ions in expanding persistent nanoplasmas containing different positive ions. The inhomogeneous three-domain shell structure of exploding nanoplasmas exerts major effects on the local ion energies, which are larger by one order of magnitude in the exterior, electron-depleted domain than in the interior, electron-rich domain, with the major contribution to the ion energies originating from electrostatic interactions. The radial structural inhomogeneity of exploding nanoplasmas bears analogy to the inhomogeneous transport regime in expanded and supercritical metals undergoing metal-nonmetal transition.
MODELO DE UM DISPOSITIVO DE SEGURANÇA PARA DETECÇÃO DE VAZAMENTO DO GÁS DE COZINHA COM BLOQUEIO DO CIRCUITO ELÉTRICO
Authors: Da Silva Pinheiro André Luís , Guimarães Lourenço Fabio
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo mostrar os perigos oferecidos pelo gás LP, popularmente conhecido como gás de cozinha, através de fatos reais de acidentes envolvendoo circuito elétrico do ambiente, como a iluminação e aparelhos eletrodomésticos. O gásde cozinha é inodoro, porém em sua composição estão presentes compostos a base deenxofre para que se possam identificar possíveis vazamentos, mas é observado que mesmo com essa característica acidentes não param de ocorrer em todo país e no mundocom a maior causa desses acidentes o acionamento ou desacionamento do circuito deiluminação do ambiente, causando explosões. O que é proposto neste artigo é mostrarque é possível cortar o circuito elétrico na detecção de um vazamento do gás LP, atravésde um modelo de dispositivo de segurança que também informe ao morador sobre ovazamento mesmo que este não esteja na residência ou comércio. Este modelo de dispositivo possui um sensor de gás, um microcontrolador Arduino onde é armazenada alógica de funcionamento, um display LCD e um relé para corte do circuito elétrico.
MANIFESTAÇÕES PATOLÓGICAS EM CONCRETO ARMADO ESTUDO DE CASO CORROSÃO NAS ARMADURAS
Authors: Fortes Cerqueira Marcellus , Souza Gonçalves Rodrigo , Charlles Siqueira Leite Igor
Published: July 2020

Assim como todo e qualquer elemento frágil, uma estrutura de concreto, apesar deaparentemente forte e durável, precisa de atenção, cuidados básicos e manutençãoconstante. Ocorrências patológicas nessas estruturas é um fenômeno muito comum ede larga incidência e quando este exercício não é feito, muitas vezes é necessário fazeruma manutenção corretiva no edifício para que ele possa ser utilizado novamente,aproveitando 100% de sua eficiência como estrutura. Uma manutenção preventivabem planejada reduz os custos com recuperação estrutural, prolonga a vida útil dasedificações, reduz transtornos e evitam patologias que põe em risco tanto a construçãoquanto a saúde dos que ali residem. Este trabalho aponta as origens patológicas nasestruturas de concreto armado, salientando os meios em que a edificação está exposta eas condições que ela se encontra. O estudo de caso apresentado foi realizado no famosoHotel Nacional, grande estrutura de concreto armado localizada na Praia de São Conradono RJ, tombada pelo IPHAN e exposta ao meio marítimo. Foram apresentadas armadurascastigadas pela corrosão e perda de seção em diversos pontos das vigas e pilares. Emseguida foi realizada uma análise e proposta uma possível solução para recuperaçãodesta estrutura corroída.
Developmental pathways of Para athletes: Examining the sporting backgrounds of elite Canadian wheelchair basketball players
Authors: Lemez Srdjan , Wattie Nick , Dehghansai Nima , Baker Joseph
Published: July 2020

This study examines developmental history data to identify common pathways for elite Para sport performance and contextualizes these findings using known models of athlete development (e.g., the Developmental Model of Sport Participation, Côté, 1999). Seventy-three Canadian wheelchair basketball players completed a modified version of the Developmental History of Athletes Questionnaire (Hopwood, 2013). Overall, the results emphasized considerable variability in measures related to ‘other’ organized sport participation regardless of disability status and competition level, including the proportion of participants that participated in at least one other sport, the number of other sports participated in, the age first participated in other sports, and the number of years spent participating in other sports. This variability suggests there may be multiple Para athlete development narratives and highlights a need for more evidence-based models that are sufficiently nuanced for this athlete cohort.
The Resource Use Inflection Point for Safe NICU Discharge
Authors: Goldin Adam B. , Raval Mehul V. , Thurm Cary W. , Hall Matt , Billimoria Zeenia , Juul Sandra , Berman Loren
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVES:

(1) To identify a resource use inflection point (RU-IP) beyond which patients in the NICU no longer received NICU-level care, (2) to quantify variability between hospitals in patient-days beyond the RU-IP, and (3) to describe risk factors associated with reaching an RU-IP.

METHODS:

We evaluated infants admitted to any of the 43 NICUs over 6 years. We determined the day that each patient’s total daily standardized cost was <10% of the mean first-day NICU room cost and remained within this range through discharge (RU-IP). We compared days beyond an RU-IP, the total standardized cost of hospital days beyond the RU-IP, and the percentage of patients by hospital beyond the RU-IP.

RESULTS:

Among 80 821 neonates, 80.6% reached an RU-IP. In total, there were 234 478 days after the RU-IP, representing 24.3% of the total NICU days and $483 281 268 in costs. Variability in the proportion of patients reaching an RU-IP was 33.1% to 98.7%. Extremely preterm and very preterm neonates, patients discharged with home health care services, or patients receiving mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, or feeding support exhibited fewer days beyond the RU-IP. Conversely, receiving methadone was associated with increased days beyond the RU-IP.

CONCLUSIONS:

Identification of an RU-IP may allow health care systems to identify readiness for discharge from the NICU earlier and thereby save significant NICU days and health care dollars. These data reveal the need to identify best practices in NICUs that consistently discharge infants more efficiently. Once these best practices are known, they can be disseminated to offer guidance in creating quality improvement projects to provide safer and more predictable care across hospitals for patients of all socioeconomic statuses.