bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impaired muscle strength is associated with ultrastructure damage in myositis
Authors: Aguilar-Vazquez Andrea , Chavarria-Avila Efrain , Salazar-Paramo Mario , Armendariz-Borunda Juan , Toriz-González Guillermo , Rodríguez-Baeza Marcela , Sandoval-Rodriguez Ana , Villanueva-Pérez Arisbeth , Godínez-Rubí Marisol , Medina-Preciado Jose-David , Lundberg Ingrid , Lozano-Torres Yesenia , Gomez-Rios Cynthia-Alejandra , Pizano-Martinez Oscar , Martinez-Garcia Erika-Aurora , Martin-Marquez Beatriz-Teresita , Duran-Barragan Sergio , Palacios-Zárate Brenda-Lucia , Llamas-Garcia Arcelia , Gómez-Limón Livier , Vazquez-Del Mercado Monica
Published: October 2022

The muscle fiber ultrastructure in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies (IIM) has been scarcely explored, especially in Inclusion Body Myositis. The aim of this study was to implement the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in a small cohort of IIM patients, together with the characterization of immunological profile for a better understanding of the pathophysiology. For immunological profile characterization, we identified the presence of autoantibodies (Ro-52, OJ, EJ, PL7, PL12, SRP, Jo-1, PMScl75, PMScl100, Ku, SAE1, NXP2, MDA5, TIF1γ, Mi-2α, Mi-2β) and quantified cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-α2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-23, IL-33) and chemokines (CCL2, CXCL8). The histological analysis was made by hematoxylin–eosin staining while the muscle fiber ultrastructure was characterized by SEM. We observed changes in the morphology and structure of the muscle fiber according to muscle strength and muscle enzymes. We were able to find and describe muscle fiber ultrastructure with marked irregularities, porosities, disruption in the linearity and integrity of the fascicle, more evident in patients with increased serum levels of muscle enzymes and diminished muscle strength. Despite the scarce reports about the use of SEM as a tool in all clinical phenotypes of IIM, our work provides an excellent opportunity to discuss and reframe the clinical usefulness of SEM in the diagnostic approach of IIM.
Deep learning diagnostics for bladder tumor identification and grade prediction using RGB method
Authors: Yoo Jeong Woo , Koo Kyo Chul , Chung Byung Ha , Baek Sang Yeop , Lee Su Jin , Park Kyu Hong , Lee Kwang Suk
Published: October 2022

We evaluate the diagnostic performance of deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) for bladder cancer, which used white-light images (WLIs) and narrow-band images, and tumor grade prediction of AI based on tumor color using the red/green/blue (RGB) method. This retrospective study analyzed 10,991 cystoscopic images of suspicious bladder tumors using a mask region-based convolutional neural network with a ResNeXt-101-32 × 8d-FPN backbone. The diagnostic performance of AI was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy, and its ability to detect cancers was investigated using the dice score coefficient (DSC). Using the support vector machine model, we analyzed differences in tumor colors according to tumor grade using the RGB method. The sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy and DSC of AI were 95.0%, 93.7%, 94.1% and 74.7%. In WLIs, there were differences in red and blue values according to tumor grade (p < 0.001). According to the average RGB value, the performance was ≥ 98% for the diagnosis of benign vs. low-and high-grade tumors using WLIs and > 90% for the diagnosis of chronic non-specific inflammation vs. carcinoma in situ using WLIs. The diagnostic performance of the AI-assisted diagnosis was of high quality, and the AI could distinguish the tumor grade based on tumor color.
Digital health technology-specific risks for medical malpractice liability
Authors: Rowland Simon P , Fitzgerald J. Edward , Lungren Matthew , Lee Elizabeth , Harned Zach , McGregor Alison H.
Published: October 2022

Medical professionals are increasingly required to use digital technologies as part of care delivery and this may represent a risk for medical error and subsequent malpractice liability. For example, if there is a medical error, should the error be attributed to the clinician or the artificial intelligence-based clinical decision-making system? In this article, we identify and discuss digital health technology-specific risks for malpractice liability and offer practical advice for the mitigation of malpractice risk.
Protected area personnel and ranger numbers are insufficient to deliver global expectations
Authors: Appleton Michael R. , Courtiol Alexandre , Emerton Lucy , Slade James L. , Tilker Andrew , Warr Lauren C. , Malvido Mónica Álvarez , Barborak James R. , de Bruin Louise , Chapple Rosalie , Daltry Jennifer C. , Hadley Nina P. , Jordan Christopher A. , Rousset François , Singh Rohit , Sterling Eleanor J. , Wessling Erin G. , Long Barney
Published: October 2022

The 2020 global spatial targets for protected areas set by the Convention on Biological Diversity have almost been achieved, but management effectiveness remains deficient. Personnel shortages are widely cited as major contributing factors but have not previously been quantified. Using data from 176 countries and territories, we estimate a current maximum of 555,000 terrestrial protected area personnel worldwide (one per 37 km2), including 286,000 rangers (one per 72 km2), far short of published guidance on required densities. Expansion by 2030 to 30% coverage of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures is widely agreed as a minimum for safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystem services. We project that effective management of this expanded system will require approximately 3 million personnel (one per 13 km2), including more than 1.5 million rangers or equivalents (one per 26 km2). Parallel improvements in resourcing, working conditions and capacity are required for effective, equitable and sustainable management.
Towards a definition of microglia heterogeneity
Authors: Healy Luke M. , Zia Sameera , Plemel Jason R.
Published: October 2022

High dimensional single-cell analysis such as single cell and single nucleus RNA sequencing (sc/snRNAseq) are currently being widely applied to explore microglia diversity. The use of sc/snRNAseq provides a powerful and unbiased approach to deconvolve heterogeneous cellular populations. However, sc/snRNAseq and analyses pipelines are designed to find heterogeneity. Indeed, cellular heterogeneity is often the most frequently reported finding. In this Perspective, we consider the ubiquitous concept of heterogeneity focusing on its application to microglia research and its influence on the field of neuroimmunology. We suggest that a clear understanding of the semantic and biological implications of microglia heterogeneity is essential for mitigating confusion among researchers.
Positive, global, and health or environment framing bolsters public support for climate policies
Authors: Dasandi Niheer , Graham Hilary , Hudson David , Jankin Slava , vanHeerde-Hudson Jennifer , Watts Nick
Published: October 2022

Public support for climate policies is important for their efficacy, yet little is known about how different framings of climate change affect public support for climate policies around the world. Here we report findings from a conjoint experiment of 7,500 adults in five countries – China, Germany, India, UK, and USA – to identify climate messages that elicit greater support for policies to tackle climate change. Messages were randomly varied on four attributes: positive (opportunity) or negative (threat) framings, theme (health, environment, economy, migration), scale (individual, community, national, global), and time (current, 2030, 2050). We find that a positive frame, health and environmental frames, and global and immediate frames bolster public support. We examine differences between countries, and across groups within countries – particularly focusing on the effect of these frames among individuals that are unconcerned about climate change. Among this group, positive and health frames increase the likelihood of support for climate policies, indicating the relevance of these frames for shifting policy preferences for different audience groups.
A nanozyme-catalysis-based ratiometric electrochemical sensor for general detection of Cd2+
Authors: Luo Shan , Kan Xianwen
Published: October 2022

AuPt–rGO showed good peroxidase-like activity for the oxidation of OPD to DAP (a novel internal reference) and achieved sensitive and reliable detection of Cd2+ based on a ratiometric strategy.
Stable isotope ratio analysis of carbon to distinguish sialic acid from freshly stewed bird's nest products
Authors: Feng Di , Wang Daobing , Wang Dongliang , Zhong Qiding , Li Guohui , Zhang Luoqi , Chen Nannan , Lin Xiaoxian , Miao Shu
Published: October 2022

Establishment of stable isotope techniques for the determination of δ13C values of sialic acid from natural and synthetic sources
A hypoxia-dissociable siRNA nanoplatform for synergistically enhanced chemo-radiotherapy of glioblastoma
Authors: Xie Yandong , Lu Xueying , Wang Zhen , Liu Mingxi , Liu Liang , Wang Ran , Yang Kun , Xiao Hong , Li Jianyong , Tang Xianglong , Liu Hongyi
Published: October 2022

Due to the unique chemical properties of metronidazoles under hypoxic conditions, RDPP(Met) liposomes were found to promote the release of TMZ and siMGMT in hypoxic cells and have strong radiosensitivity for GBM.
Dy3+ single ion magnet in the extended inorganic solid Ca(Y,Dy)AlO4
Authors: Kazin Pavel E. , Zykin Mikhail A. , Dyakonov Andrey K. , Vasiliev Alexander V. , Karpov Maxim A. , Gorbachev Evgeny A. , Sleptsova Anastasia E. , Jansen Martin
Published: October 2022

Confined in the extended solid with a widespread K2NiF4 structure type, cation Dy3+ exhibits magnetic bistability under a zero field.
Palladium-catalyzed oxidative Heck reaction of non-activated alkenes directed by fluorinated alcohol
Authors: Zhu Baiyao , Li Zhewei , Chen Fulin , Xiong Wenfang , Tan Xiaobin , Lei Ming , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: October 2022

A new reactivity pattern for the regio- and stereoselective oxidative arylation of non-activated alkenes by introducing a trifluoromethyl group in the substrate enol has been established.
Synthesis and application of thiocarbamatesviathiol-dioxazolone modified Lossen rearrangement
Authors: Jiang Yu , Li Ming , Liu Shuxin , Li Rui , Zheng Yubin , Song Wangze , Zheng Nan
Published: October 2022

Thiocarbamates afforded from thiol-dioxazolone modified Lossen rearrangement under mild conditions were further applied to prepare polythiocarbamates with self-healing properties.
Correction: Protection against chemical submission: naked-eye detection of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in soft drinks and alcoholic beverages
Authors: Rodríguez-Nuévalos Silvia , Costero Ana M. , Arroyo Pau , Sáez José A. , Parra Margarita , Sancenón Félix , Martínez-Máñez Ramón
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘Protection against chemical submission: naked-eye detection of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in soft drinks and alcoholic beverages’ by Silvia Rodríguez-Nuévalos et al., Chem. Commun., 2020, 56, 12600–12603, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CC05387B.
Synthesis of a series of Pd(ii) complexes of the type [Pd(1,10-phen)(SRF)2]: an interesting case of solvatomorphism
Authors: Juarez-Garrido Hugo , Germán-Acacio Juan Manuel , Jaime-Adán Everardo , Barroso-Flores Joaquín , Lara Victor , Reyes-Martinez Reyna , Toscano Ruben A. , Hernández-Ortega Simón , Morales-Morales David
Published: October 2022

The solvatomorphs of [Pd(1,10-phen)(2,3,5,6-S-C6F4H)2] 1 (1,10-phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), i.e., 1·S (S = C6H62, C6H6Cl 3 and C6H6Br 4) and [Pd(1,10-phen)(2,3,4,5,6-S-C6F5)2]·C6H6Br 5 were studied to shed further light on the solvatomorphism phenomena.
Non-oxidative methane conversion by Fe single site catalysts: quantifying temperature limitations imposed by gas-phase pyrolysis
Authors: Bae Jongyoon , Hashemi Javad , Yun Dongmin , Kim Do Kyoung , Choo Dae Hyun , Goldsmith C. Franklin , Peterson Andrew A.
Published: October 2022

A combined heterogeneous and homogeneous model of methane conversion reveals the temperature limitations of methane to olefins, aromatics, and hydrogen (MTOAH).
Dietary fiber ameliorates sleep disturbance connected to the gut–brain axis
Authors: Tang Mengsheng , Song Xiaoran , Zhong Weiwei , Xie Yan , Liu Yanan , Zhang Xin
Published: October 2022

Circadian rhythms play an important role in maintaining normal physiological and psychological functions of the body, including regulating sleep patterns.
A highly sensitive and selective “on–off–on” fluorescent aptamer sensor based on tea residue carbon quantum dots for the detection of sulfadiazine in honey
Authors: Zhang Lei , Feng Zhoucheng , Zhou Yue , Wu Yan , Le Tao
Published: October 2022

A sulfadiazine (SDZ) aptamer sensor based on carboxylated tea residue carbon quantum dots (C-TCDs) was studied to detect SDZ residues in honey.
Efficient and reversible absorption of low pressure NH3by functional type V deep eutectic solvents based on phenol and hydroxypyridine
Authors: Zhou Ziyue , Li Renjiang , Li Ke , Zong Kai , Deng Dongshun
Published: October 2022

Highly efficient and reversible absorption of low pressure ammonia by phenol-hydroxypyridine deep eutectic solvents.
Enantioselective construction of ortho-substituted benzylic quaternary centers using a phenanthroline-Pd catalyst
Authors: Tamura Masafumi
Published: October 2022

An efficient and enantioselective construction of ortho-substituted benzylic all-carbon quaternary centers via chiral phenanthroline-Pd complex catalyzed conjugate addition has been developed.
Unusual enhancement in efficiency of DSSCs upon modifying photoanodes with reduced graphene oxide
Authors: Bhand Sujit , Jha Plawan Kumar , Ballav Nirmalya
Published: October 2022

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has emerged as an excellent interfacial material for improvising the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC).
Degradation of ciprofloxacin by persulfate activated with pyrite: mechanism, acidification and tailwater reuse
Authors: Liu Hui , Fu Peng , Liu Fenwu , Hou Qingjie , Tong Zhenye , Bi Wenlong
Published: October 2022

The efficient degradation of ciprofloxacin in tap and river water was investigated using the FeS2/PS system and the mechanism was studied. In addition, the tailwater after the reaction could be recycled to further reduce disposal costs.
Terminal repeats impact collagen triple-helix stability through hydrogen bonding
Authors: Qi Yingying , Zhou Daoning , Kessler Julian L. , Qiu Rongmao , Yu S. Michael , Li Gang , Qin Zhao , Li Yang
Published: October 2022

Collagen mimetic peptides (CMPs) only differing in terminal repeat have distinct stabilities and end structures due to a spatial hydrogen bonding profile that is useful for future crystallography, algorithm prediction, and materials of collagen.
ThC2@C82versusTh@C84: unexpected formation of triangular thorium carbide cluster inside fullerenes
Authors: Shen Yi , Yu Xiaojuan , Meng Qingyu , Yao Yang-Rong , Autschbach Jochen , Chen Ning
Published: October 2022

The first thorium-containing cluster fullerenes, ThC2@Cs(6)–C82and ThC2@C2(5)–C82, were synthesized and characterized. ThC2clusters in both C82cages feature a novel bonding structure with thorium metal and CC forming an isosceles triangular configuration.
A DNAzyme-mediated signal amplification biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of lead ions based on SERS tags
Authors: Teng Wanqing , Zhao Jing , Li Qi , Shi Pengfei , Zhang Jing , Yan Mei , Zhang Shusheng
Published: October 2022

A trace lead ion (Pb2+) detection platform combining surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with nucleic acid cycle multiple signal amplification.
Multiple configuration transitions of soft actuators under single external stimulus
Authors: Cao Yanlin , Feng Xianke , Wang Shuang , Li Qi , Li Xiying , Li Hongyuan , Hong Wei , Duan Huiling , Lv Pengyu
Published: October 2022

Multiple configuration transitions of the soft actuator can be achieved under a single external stimulus, which is synergistically contributed by geometric asymmetry, material heterogeneity, swelling ratios and geometric parameters.
Tough and body-temperature self-healing polysiloxane elastomers through building a double physical crosslinking network via competing non-covalent interactions
Authors: Wang Weijie , Wang Wenpin , Wang Fang , Xie Xiaofeng , Yi Gang , Li Zhibo
Published: October 2022

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based elastomers with superior mechanical and body-temperature self-healing properties might find attractive applications in wearable electronic devices.
Hydrophobic paraffin-selective pillared-layer MOFs for olefin purification
Authors: Jiang Sisi , Li Jiaqi , Feng Meng , Chen Rundao , Guo Lidong , Xu Qianqian , Chen Lihang , Shen Fuxing , Zhang Zhiguo , Yang Yiwen , Ren Qilong , Yang Qiwei , Bao Zongbi
Published: October 2022

This work reports novel hydrophobic paraffin-selective pillared-layer MOFs realizing efficient adsorption separation of paraffins from olefins.
An interface-enhanced continuous 2D-carbon network enabling high-performance Si anodes for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Peng Jiaying , Shao Rong , Huang Sijie , Cao Zhenjiang , Zhang Tianren , Cao Yinliang , Zhang Shuguo , Xu Chunchuan , Shi Yongzheng , Niu Jin , Wang Feng
Published: October 2022

A continuous interface-enhanced 2-D carbon network is introduced in the Si anode by a templating method, which enhances the Li-ion diffusion and electron transport within the Si anode and stabilizes the interface between the Si anode and electrolyte.
Membrane-free osmotic desalination at near-room temperatures enabled by thermally responsive polyionic liquid hydrogels
Authors: Yuan Xueyu , Cai Yufeng , Jiang Jing , Zhou Zihao , Wang Chengwei , Hu Jinhua , Liu Li , Li Bing , Liu Ming
Published: October 2022

A chloride-anion-rich TPIL hydrogel, acting as a separation and a drawing agent, is used for membrane-free osmotic desalination. Salt-depleted water can be retrieved easily by mild heating originating from human body or solar energy assisted by photothermal fillers.
Enhancement of inhibition rate of antibiotic against bacteria by molecularly imprinted nanoparticles targeting alarmone nucleotides as antibiotic adjuvants
Authors: Chen Yali , Zhang Zhen , Chen Yujie , Zhou Shufang , Deng Qiliang , Wang Shuo
Published: October 2022

MIP-NPs as antibiotic adjuvants demonstrate markedly higher bacterial inhibiting capacity that allows antibiotics to act against bacteria sustainably.
Cooperation of Zr(iv)–N and Zr(iv)–O coordinate bonds of Zr(iv)–amide ensures the transparent and tough polyacrylamide hydrogels
Authors: Dong Chenglong , Lu Mengfan , Fan Hailong , Jin Zhaoxia
Published: October 2022

Zr-PAAm hydrogels prepared through a one-pot thermo-polymerization reaction in the presence of various Zr(iv) salts displayed high toughness, high optical transparency, and rich interference colors under stretching.
Polyisobutylene-based glycopolymers as potent inhibitors for in vitro insulin aggregation
Authors: Dey Asmita , Haldar Ujjal , Rajasekhar Tota , Ghosh Pooja , Faust Rudolf , De Priyadarsi
Published: October 2022

In this manuscript, we have synthesized a family of water-soluble PIB-based glycopolymers and observed their efficiency in inhibition of insulin fibrillation.
Therapeutic use of calpeptin in COVID-19 infection
Authors: Inal Jameel , Paizuldaeva Ainura , Terziu Esmeralda
Published: October 2022

This perspective considers the benefits of the potential future use of the cell permeant calpain inhibitor, calpeptin, as a drug to treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Recent work has reported calpeptin’s capacity to inhibit entry of the virus into cells. Elsewhere, several drugs, including calpeptin, were found to be able to inhibit extracellular vesicle (EV) biogenesis. Unsurprisingly, because of similarities between viral and EV release mechanisms, calpeptin has also been shown to inhibit viral egress. This approach, identifying calpeptin, through large-scale screening studies as a candidate drug to treat COVID-19, however, has not considered the longer term likely benefits of calpain inhibition, post-COVID-19. This perspective will reflect on the capacity of calpeptin for treating long COVID by inhibiting the overproduction of neutrophil extracellular traps potentially damaging lung cells and promoting clotting, together with limiting associated chronic inflammation, tissue damage and pulmonary fibrosis. It will also reflect on the tolerated and detrimental in vivo side-effects of calpain inhibition from various preclinical studies.
Adhesion and corrosion resistance of polycaprolactone coating on NiTi alloy surface after alkali heat pretreatment
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Yang Yanan , Guo Yunting , Sha Pengwei , Xu Zezhou , Yu Zhenglei , Si Jiashun , Zhang Zhengao , Guo Jia , Chen Yifan
Published: October 2022

Selective laser melting of nickel‐titanium alloy (SLM‐NiTi) can precisely control the size of the sample molding structure and has attracted extensive attention due to its special superelasticity and shape memory effect. However, the biological inertness and poor corrosion resistance of SLM‐NiTi alloy limit their wide application as biomedical implant materials. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL) coating was prepared on SLM‐NiTi alloy by dipping and pulling method, and the effects of alkali heat pretreatment on the morphology, adhesion, corrosion resistance, long‐term stability and biomineralisation of the PCL coatings were investigated. The results showed that PCL coating can substantially improve the performance of SLM‐NiTi alloy, and the PCL coating after alkali heat pretreatment has higher adhesion (increased from 1,747 to 2,498 mN) and lower corrosion current density (reduced by about an order of magnitude compared to PCL coating alone). In addition, the necessary stability, biomineralisation and biocompatibility ability of coatings were also further improved. Therefore, the alkali heat pretreated PCL‐coated SLM‐NiTi alloy has good application prospects in implants due to its superior properties.
High step‐up DC–DC converter using coupled inductor voltage multiplier cell and differential connection method
Authors: He Ying , Sun Xuanjin , Liu Shanlin , Wang Ning
Published: October 2022

This paper proposes a high step‐up DC–DC converter using coupled inductor voltage multiplier cell and differential connection method. The proposed converter is obtained by differentially connecting a Cuk converter and a Buck‐Boost converter and integrating a coupled inductor voltage multiplier cell. The control mode of the two switches adopts interleaved control and the proposed converter has higher voltage gain. The diode‐capacitor branch in the shared topology is used as a passive clamping branch to reduce the maximum voltage stress of switches. The working principle of the proposed converter is analyzed and its performance parameters and boundary conditions are given. The voltage gain of the converter can be improved by adding different voltage doubling structures and the general topology of the proposed converter is given. The effect of leakage inductance on the performance of the proposed converter is analyzed. Finally, a 300‐W prototype was built and verified the theoretical analysis.
Vibration signal diagnosis and conditional health monitoring of motor used in biomedical applications using Internet of Things environment
Authors: Wang Dong , Dai Lihua , Zhang Xiaojun , Sayyad Shabnam , Sugumar R. , Kumar Khushmeet , Asenso Evans
Published: October 2022

Vibration, especially basic vibration, may cause loose contacts, open circuits, or other contact problems, which account for a large proportion of system failure causes. Due to the complexity of the chassis structure used in the biomedical motors, the vibration analysis of a single component cannot solve the vibration problems encountered
in the work of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to use system simulation and experiments to monitor and enhance the health of the structure. Finite element method is used to carry out the dynamic analysis from the component to the system, and calculate the natural frequency, modal shape and harmonic response. Then, the effectiveness and accuracy of the analysis results are verified by experiments through simulation and experiments. The results show that the measures taken have effectively reduced the vibration of the chassis equipment and improved its safety for better health safety of patients. There is just a 2% variation between the natural frequencies acquired from the experiment and the simulation computation. In terms of natural frequency, the first 6‐order natural frequencies all have errors of less than 10%, and the natural frequency error is comparable to that of fireproof board.
The first catalogue of spectroscopically confirmed red nuggets at z ∼ 0.7 from the VIPERS survey
Authors: Lisiecki Krzysztof , Małek Katarzyna , Siudek Małgorzata , Pollo Agnieszka , Krywult Janusz , Karska Agata , Junais
Published: October 2022

Context. Red nuggets are a rare population of passive compact massive galaxies thought to be the first massive galaxies that formed in the Universe. First found at z ∼ 3, they are even less abundant at lower redshifts, and it is believed that with time they mostly transformed through mergers into today’s giant ellipticals. The red nuggets that managed to escape this fate can serve as unique laboratories to study the early evolution of massive galaxies.

Aims. In this paper we aim to make use of the unprecedented statistical power of the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey to build the largest up-to-date catalogue of spectroscopically confirmed red nuggets at the intermediate redshift 0.5 < z < 1.0.

Methods. Starting from a catalogue of nearly 90 000 VIPERS galaxies we selected sources with stellar masses Mstar > 8 × 1010 M⊙ and effective radii Re < 1.5 kpc. From these sources we selected red passive galaxies with old stellar populations based on colour–colour NUVrK diagram, star formation rate values, and verification of their optical spectra.

Results. Verifying the influence of the limit of the source compactness on the selection, we found that the sample size can vary by up to two orders of magnitude, depending on the chosen criterion. Using one of the most restrictive criteria with additional checks on their spectra and passiveness, we spectroscopically identified only 77 previously unknown red nuggets. The resultant catalogue of 77 red nuggets is the largest such catalogue built based on the uniform set of selection criteria above the local Universe. The number density calculated on the final sample of 77 VIPERS passive red nuggets per comoving Mpc3 increases from 4.7 × 10−6 at z ∼ 0.61 to 9.8 × 10−6 at z ∼ 0.95, which is higher than values estimated in the local Universe, and lower than the values found at z > 2. It fills the gap at intermediate redshift.

Conclusions. A catalogue of red nuggets presented in this paper is a golden sample for future studies of this rare population of objects at intermediate redshift. In addition to covering a unique redshift range and careful selection of galaxies, the catalogue is spectroscopically identified.
Underestimation of the dust mass in protoplanetary disks: Effects of disk structure and dust properties
Authors: Liu Yao , Linz Hendrik , Fang Min , Henning Thomas , Wolf Sebastian , Flock Mario , Rosotti Giovanni P. , Wang Hongchi , Li Dafa
Published: October 2022

The total number of dust grains in protoplanetary disks is one of the key properties that characterizes the potential for planet formation. With (sub-)millimeter flux measurements, literature studies usually derive the dust mass using an analytic formula under the assumption of optically thin emission, which may lead to a substantial underestimation. In this work, we conduct a parameter study with the goal of investigating the effects of disk structure and dust properties on the underestimation through self-consistent radiative transfer models. Different dust models, scattering modes, and approaches for dust settling are considered and compared. The influences of disk substructures, such as rings and crescents, on the mass derivation are investigated as well. The results indicate that the traditional analytic method can underestimate the mass by a factor of a few to several hundreds, depending on the optical depth along the line of sight set mainly by the true dust mass, disk size, and inclination. As an application, we performed a detailed radiative transfer modeling of the spectral energy distribution of DoAr 33, one of the disks observed by the Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). When the DSHARP dust opacities are adopted, the most probable dust mass returned from the Bayesian analysis is roughly seven times higher than the value given by the analytic calculation. Our study demonstrates that estimating disk dust masses from radiative transfer modeling is one solution to alleviate the problem of insufficient mass for planet formation that was raised in the era of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array.
Discovery of two new interstellar molecules with QUIJOTE: HCCCHCCC and HCCCCS
Authors: Fuentetaja R. , Agúndez M. , Cabezas C. , Tercero B. , Marcelino N. , Pardo J. R. , de Vicente P. , Cernicharo J.
Published: October 2022

We report on the discovery of two new molecules, HCCCHCCC and HCCCCS, towards the starless core TMC-1 in the Taurus region from the QUIJOTE line survey in the 31.1–50.2 GHz frequency range. We identify a total of twenty-nine lines of HCCCHCCC and six rotational transitions of HCCCCS. The rotational quantum numbers range from Ju = 10 up to 15 and Ka ≤ 2 for HCCCHCCC and Ju = 21/2 up to 31/2 for HCCCCS. We derived a column density for HCCCHCCC of N = (1.3±0.2) × 1011 cm−2 with a rotational temperature of 6±1 K, while for HCCCCS we derived N = (9.5±0.8) × 1010 cm−2 and Trot = 10±1 K. The abundance of HCCCHCCC is higher than that of its recently discovered isomer, l-H2C6. If we compare HCCCCS with its related molecules, HCS and HCCS, we obtain abundance ratios HCS/HCCCCS = 58 and HCCS/HCCCCS = 7.2. We investigated the formation of these two molecules using chemical modelling calculations. The observed abundances can be accounted for by assuming standard gas-phase formation routes involving neutral-neutral reactions and ion-neutral reactions.
Optical diagnosis of gastric tissue biopsies with Mueller microscopy and statistical analysis
Authors: Kim Myeongseop , Lee Hee Ryung , Ossikovski Razvigor , Malfait-Jobart Aude , Lamarque Dominique , Novikova Tatiana
Published: October 2022

We investigate a possibility of producing the quantitative optical metrics to characterize the evolution of gastric tissue from healthy conditions via inflammation to cancer by using Mueller microscopy of gastric biopsies, regression model and statistical analysis of the predicted images. For this purpose the unstained sections of human gastric tissue biopsies at different pathological conditions were measured with the custom-built Mueller microscope. Polynomial regression model was built using the maps of transmitted intensity, retardance, dichroism and depolarization to generate the predicted images. The statistical analysis of predicted images of gastric tissue sections with multi-curve fit suggests that Mueller microscopy combined with data regression and statistical analysis is an effective approach for quantitative assessment of the degree of inflammation in gastric tissue biopsies with a high potential in clinical applications.
Microstructure and tensile behavior of high-chromium cast iron/low-carbon steel composite fabricated by accumulative roll-bonding
Authors: Yuan Guofeng , Wang Xiaogang , Zhao Guanghui , Han Peisheng
Published: October 2022

In the present study, a composite material of high chromium cast iron (HCCI) dispersed in low carbon steel (LCS) matrix was fabricated by the technology of accumulative roll-bonding (ARB). The microstructure characteristics were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD). The tensile behavior and fracture characteristics of the composite were analyzed. The obtained microstructures illustrated that the HCCI was dispersed in the LCS after 3rd ARB cycle, forming a kind of composite material somewhat similar in its structure to a concrete. The coarse Cr-carbides of HCCI were broken and refined obviously through the hot-rolling deformation. However, some microcracks were formed on the fractured Cr-carbides of HCCI. The two materials were bonded by mechanical and metallurgical bonding, and a diffusion band with a thickness of ∼10 µm was formed on the interface. Compared with the as-cast HCCI plate, the composite material after 3rd ARB cycle possessed good comprehensive tensile properties. The fracture characteristics of the composite material included the multiple tunnel fracture of HCCI and the shear fracture of LCS.
Quality of Life and Limb Functionality in Adolescents and Young Adults Surviving Bone Tumors in the Lower Extremity in a Developing Country: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Vasquez Liliana , Tello Mariela , Maza Ivan , Shah Darshi , Silva Jose , Sialer Luis
Published: October 2022

Introduction Due to higher survival rates among patients with bone tumors, there is a growing interest in determining these individuals' limb functionality and psychosocial prognosis.

Objectives This study aimed to analyze the differences in functionality and quality of life (QoL) related to health in patients diagnosed with a malignant bone tumor during childhood, according to the type of surgery performed.

Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was performed for patients older than 14 years who treated for osteosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma of the lower limb by who receiving surgery. To assess lower limb functionality and QoL among patients surviving malignant bone tumors, 19 patients surviving osteosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma of the lower extremity were studied. An evaluation of functionality and QoL was done using the “Enneking and Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 scales.” We compared the functional results according to the surgical technique used. Categorical variables were compared according to the Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests, with an established 95% level of significance.

Results QoL among patients who had conservative surgery was not significantly better than amputee patients in the physical or mental aspects, nor in any of their components. Limb functionality, according to Enneking's staging, was significantly higher in non-amputee patients (p = 0.035).

Conclusion According to the data analysis done in this study, the QoL was found to be not significantly different, based on the type of surgery performed; however, there were differences in limb functionality.
Clinico-Hematological Profile of Acute Leukemia Cases in Bihar: A Multiparameter Study in a Tertiary-Care Hospital
Authors: Shuchismita Shuchismita , Jamal Iffat , Raman Ravi Bhushan , Choudhary Vijayanand
Published: October 2022

Objective The actual incidence and demographic profile of hematological malignancies are unknown in Bihar because of lack of population-based cancer registry (PBCR) data and specialized tertiary cancer center facilities. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence, clinico-hematological profile and subtyping of acute leukemia cases by retrospective medical records.

Materials and Methods A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Hematology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India, over 2 years from July 2019 to June 2021. A total of 176 cases with relevant clinical features and hematological findings were involved in the study. Medical records were studied and data were retrieved.

Statistical Analysis Data were recorded and analyzed using SPSS version 25.

Results A total of 176 cases with relevant clinical features and hematological findings were involved in the study. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was most prevalent (52.8%), followed by acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (34.1%) and unclassified acute leukemia cases (13.1%). Flow cytometry correlation was available in 150 cases. The ratio of males (62.5%) to females (37.5%) is 1.6:1. There was statistically significant difference in physical examination findings between AML and ALL patients. Splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and sternal tenderness were more often seen in ALL than in AML patients (p < 0.05). Pallor was more significantly associated with AML than with ALL patients (p < 0.05). Anemia and leucocytosis were found to be significantly associated with acute leukemia patients (p < 0.000).

Conclusion AML M2 was the most common subtype of AML, and B-ALL was the most common subtype of ALL cases.
Two Case Reports of Ochrobactrum anthropi Bacteremia: An Overlooked Pathogen
Authors: Anjana Aravinda , Adhikary Ranjeeta , Bhavana Malavalli Venkatesh , Beena Hosdurg Bhaskar
Published: October 2022

Ochrobactrum anthropi, due to its robust survival abilities, has been known to cause nosocomial and opportunistic infections, posing both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Low virulence, indolent clinical presentation, and lack of awareness on their clinical significance attribute to the underreporting of the same. We report two cases of bacteremia in oncology patients presented to us in a short span of 6 months, which indicates that such infections might be quite common in immunocompromised hosts. Both our strains were susceptible to carbapenems, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and minocycline, and recovered with monotherapy. More vigilant and accurate diagnostic techniques need to be followed not to miss such pathogens. Early identification and administration of appropriate antibiotics have been associated with a good outcome.
Correlation between Estimated Average Glucose Levels Calculated from HbA1c Values and Random Blood Glucose Levels in a Cohort of Subjects
Authors: Garg Pinky , Pethusamy Karthikeyan , Ranjan Rajiv
Published: October 2022

Objective Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level remains the gold standard test for the assessment of glycemic control, and it reflects the mean glucose values in the previous 3-month period. HbA1c is expressed as a percentage, whereas the monitoring and treatment of diabetes are based on blood glucose levels expressed as mg/dL. It is appropriate to make it easy for the patient to understand both random blood sugar (RBS) and estimated average glucose (eAG) expressed with the same units. This will enhance the usefulness of eAG. This article determines the statistical correlation between eAG derived from HBA1C with RBS values both in diabetic and prediabetic subjects.

Methods The RBS and HbA1c levels of 178 males and 283 females (12–90 years) were obtained and the eAG levels were calculated using Nathan's regression equation. The samples were divided into four groups based on HbA1c levels—group 1: HbA1c greater than 9%, group 2: HbA1c 6.5 to 9%, group 3: HbA1c 5.7 to 6.4%; and group 4: HbA1c less than 5.7%.

Results There was a statistically significant positive correlation between RBS and eAG values for the study group 1 and 2. Also, the median values of RBS and eAG showed a significant difference (p < 0.001).

Conclusion As the association between the RBS and eAG levels is strong in a fairly and poorly controlled diabetic population, reporting the eAG level together with the HbA1c level at no additional cost may assist in effective blood glucose control in clinical care. However, eAG and RBS values cannot be used interchangeably.
Information and deliberation in the Covid-19 crisis and in the climate crisis: how expertocratic practices undermine self-government and compliance
Authors: Frinken Julian , Landwehr Claudia
Published: October 2022

At the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, democracy’s promise to enable well-informed, responsible decisions gained almost unprecedented appeal. At this stage, many European governments mainly deferred to expert judgment. This is what some experts and activist groups occasionally call for in the case of an even more severe global crisis: the climate crisis. But where citizens are asked to more or less blindly follow the lead of expert judgments, politics takes what Lafont (Democracy without shortcuts: a participatory conception of deliberative democracy. Oxford University Press, Oxford,https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198848189.001.0001, 2020) calls an ‘expertocratic shortcut’. In the first part of this paper, we delineate the perceptions of threat that characterize these two cases and that can lead to expertocratic temptations. We point out that shortcuts to democratic decisions not only constitute dead ends, but can also be used to reinforce existing power structures. In the second part, we show how and why such shortcuts are sociologically likely to cause alienation and reactance, as accountability is lost and the rationale for decisions cannot be retraced. We conclude that if a democratic system is to live up to its promise of rationality, legitimate expert involvement has to meet three requirements: political mandate and control, transparency of uncertainty and expert disagreement, linkage to inclusive and effective citizen deliberation.
Multilevel relational influences on HRM practices: a cross-country comparative reflective review of HRM practices in Asia
Authors: Malik Ashish , Pereira Vijay , Budhwar Pawan , Froese Fabian Jintae , Minbaeva Dana , Sun James , Nguyen Anh Tuan , Xue Shanzi
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we respond to the calls for context-specific scholarship and research on human resource management (HRM) in Asia. We provide an overview of and key insights into HRM in five Asian countries, representing five key regions: China (East Asia), India (South Asia), Kazakhstan (Central Asia), United Arab Emirates (West Asia), and Vietnam (Southeast Asia). Based on our comprehensive, pan-Asian review, we develop a reflective, comparative, and relational understanding of HRM practices. In doing so, we group the myriad contextual influences on the shaping of HRM practices at three broad levels: macro-, meso-, and microlevel influences. Specifically, we propose that influences from regionalization of economies, national business systems, industry, multinational enterprises, and individual-level predispositions collectively shape and variously influence the nature and extent of HRM practices. By considering the findings of prior research on convergence and divergence, we offer a nuanced perspective wherein each country and region in Asia possesses a distinct amalgam of national business systems, and where HRM practices respond to multilevel influences in varied ways.
Work intensity and workers’ sleep: A case of working Australians
Authors: Lyons Sai , Strazdins Lyndall , Doan Tinh
Published: October 2022

Experiencing poor sleep quality affects an individual’s health and wellbeing. Sleep quality is well evidenced to be influenced by work conditions such as long work hours, work stress and shift work, but there is little evidence on the relationship between high work intensity and sleep quality. Using data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey waves 2013 and 2017, this study applies lagged models to investigate whether experiencing poor sleep, a derived comprehensive measure of sleep quality, is associated with work intensity. This study uses a nationally representative sample of 13,661 working Australian individuals aged 25–64 and finds a strong positive association between work intensity and sleep quality, with an individual’s sleep quality worsening as their work intensity increased. The association between work intensity and sleep quality is even stronger than that between long work hours and sleep quality. This suggests a potential benefit for the development and implementation of workplace policies that seek to reduce work intensity. Doing so could help address challenges surrounding sleep in Australia and lead to better work and health outcomes for individuals, workplaces and broader society.
On the spectrum of the periodic Anderson–Bernoulli model
Authors: Wood William
Published: October 2022

We analyze the spectrum of a discrete Schrödinger operator with a potential given by a periodic variant of the Anderson model. In order to do so, we study the uniform hyperbolicity of a Schrödinger cocycle generated by the SL(2,R) transfer matrices. In the specific case of the potential generated by an alternating sequence of random values, we show that the almost sure spectrum consists of at most 4 intervals.
3D NAND flash memory based on junction-less a-Si:H channel with high on/off current ratio
Authors: Yu Xinyue , Ma Zhongyuan , Leng Kangmin , Chen Tong , Li Wei , Chen Kunji , Xu Jun , Xu Ling
Published: October 2022

As the key hardware unit of computing in memory, 3D NAND flash memory has been the focus of the artificial intelligence (AI) era due to its high efficiency in processing massive and diverse data, which is superior to the conventional von-Neumann architecture. To push the realization of computing in a memory chip, 3D flash memory with a large on/off current ratio and simple fabrication technology is highly demanded. Here, we first report that 3D NAND flash memory with a high on/off current ratio can be obtained by tuning the width of the a-Si:H channel without a junction. Compared with the traditional 3D NAND flash memory consisting of a polysilicon channel, the junctionless a-Si:H channel can be obtained at low temperature without doping, which can reduce the difficulty induced by the diffusion and the distribution of the doping atoms. Only by tuning the width of the junctionless a-Si:H channel from 0.3 to 0.2 μm, the on/off current ratio increases from 102 to 106. The analysis of ESR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals that the positive charge induced by the Si dangling bonds in the narrower a-Si:H channel results in the formation of a thicker depletion layer, which is beneficial to efficiently control the negative charge in the a-Si:H channel. The strong coupling of the thinner charge layer and the electric field of gate bias is the origin of the high on/off current ratio from the narrower a-Si:H channel. Our successful fabrication of 3D NAND flash memory based on the junctionless a-Si:H channel with a high on/off current ratio provides a new way to construct a hardware unit for computing in-memory.
Particle-in-cell simulations on parametric instability of the lower hybrid wave
Authors: Zhou Taotao , Xiang Nong , Gan Chunyun , Wang Xueyi , Jia Guozhang , Chen Jiale , Zhai Xuemei , Huang Yueheng
Published: October 2022

Lower hybrid (LH) wave is an effective tool for current drive (CD) on tokamak devices. Parametric instability (PI) has always been a troubling phenomenon decreasing the lower hybrid current drive efficiency. In this work, the PI behavior of the LH waves for plasma parameters on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak is investigated via first-principle simulation with a two-dimensional full-particle-in-cell method. The PI processes where an LH pump wave decays into another LH sideband and a low-frequency mode [ion sound quasi-mode (ISQM) or ion cyclotron quasi-mode (ICQM)] are observed in simulations. The ICQM-type and ISQM-type decay channels dominate, respectively, in the high- and low-plasma regimes while appearing simultaneously in the intermediate regime, which agrees well with the theoretical prediction by solving the parametric dispersion relation. In addition, for both the decay channels, their LH sidebands are excited with a wide range of parallel refractive index N∥ up to 30.0, which can resonantly interact with thermal electrons. The resulting electron heating can be enhanced due to overlap of resonances between the electrons and sidebands. Such electron heating not only dissipates the wave energy in the edge plasma but produces a significant portion of fast electrons, which may seriously affect tokamak discharges. The ion cyclotron heating due to the ICQMs is also observed in simulations.