bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los saberes de la negación y las prácticas de afirmación una vía para la pedagogización desde una perspectiva otra en la escuela
Authors: Villa Amaya Ernell , Villa Wilmer
Published: June 2016

Este texto es el resultado de un proceso de investigación que aborda los saberes de la negación, así como las prácticas de afirmación dentro de una relación escuela-comunidad, lo cual se hace a partir de la posibilidad que nos brinda la pedagogización, asumida como parte de una perspectiva otra. Se parte de la necesidad de generar una comprensión-acción que surge desde la identificación de problemas que afectan a la escuela y la comunidad. La investigación tiene un diseño flexible, en el que permanentemente se está volviendo sobre el proceso. La ruta metodológica se define a partir de la investigación cualitativa que busca interrogar las textualidades de los actores involucrados, en este caso la metodología en la indagación se desarrolla con base en lo etnográfico, lo narrativo y la investigación con-sentida que sitúa la acción en un relacionamiento horizontal.
Inteligencias múltiples: característica congruente del liderazgo ético en entidades financieras
Authors: Nava Diamela , Seijo Cristina , Mier Cristina
Published: June 2016

Este estudio tiene como propósito realizar un contraste teórico que sustenta el análisis sobre las Inteligencias múltiples: característica congruente del Liderazgo ético en Entidades Financieras. No obstante, esta investigación se realizó bajo un enfoque cualitativo, de tipo descriptiva,  mediante el análisis documental, donde finalmente se pudo considerar que las inteligencias múltiples servirían de apoyo para poner en práctica ciertas capacidades, para el logro de los objetivos con la finalidad y desde el punto de vista racional, saber cómo establecer cambios significativos en algunos aspectos, es decir, al modo de evaluar las capacidades cognitivas del talento humano que  integra en las organizaciones. Por tanto, el papel del líder es guiar  y apoyar el desarrollo del potencial humano de su grupo de interés como una comunidad  con el fin de lograr las aspiraciones de la organización  utilizando la inteligencia como herramienta estratégica en distintas maneras para no limitar su imaginación, juicio y acción cooperativa.
Oralidad, escritura y producción de conocimiento: comunidades de “pensamiento oral”, el lugar de los etnoeducadores y la etnoeducación
Authors: Meneses Copete Yeison Arcadio
Published: June 2016

En el escrito se presenta una reflexión en torno a la producción de conocimiento en las comunidades étnicas de tradición oral en relación con la escritura y la oralidad, y sus implicaciones para los procesos etno-educativos. En primer lugar, realiza una revisión a la perspectiva occidental en torno a la oralidad y escritura. En segundo lugar, se presenta una conceptualización relacionada con la producción de conocimiento, ésta en relación con las comunidades étnicas de tradición oral, a las que llamaré comunidades de pensamiento oral. Aquí, se reconoce la oralidad y la escritura como formas de producir y ordenar el pensamiento y el conocimiento. En tercer lugar, se aborda críticamente la demanda por la escritura de los maestros etno-educadores y la demanda de las comunidades afrocolombianas e indígenas por la etnoeducación y el lugar de la oralidad en esta última. Finalmente, se pretende mostrar el encuentro entre la oralidad y la escritura como potencia: complementarios y de soporte para el fortalecimiento y construcción de memoria e identidad en los pueblos.
Implicaciones pedagógicas de un software de geometría dinámica en la percepción geométrica de las funciones trigonométricas seno, coseno y tangente
Authors: Aristizábal-Zapata Jorge Hernán , Jiménez-Rojas Ángela María , Álvarez-Martínez Wilson Andrés
Published: June 2016

Esta investigación permite evidenciar las implicaciones pedagógicas de un software de geometría dinámica en la percepción geométrica de las funciones trigonométricas seno, coseno y tangente, mediante el modelo de razonamiento de Van Hiele, el cual no solo ayuda a guiar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en geometría, teniendo como referencia las fases, niveles y características del modelo, sino que coadyuva a evaluar las habilidades cognitivas y comunicativas de los estudiantes. La investigación se demarco desde las políticas y acciones que ha previsto el Ministerio de Educación Nacional (M.E.N.), así como los objetivos del Sistema Nacional de Innovación Educativa, nacida de la Estrategia Nacional de Recursos Educativos Digitales Abiertos (R.E.D.A.). Se trabajó con una población de dieciséis (16) estudiantes, del grado decimo del Colegio Jorge Isaacs, entidad privada, de la ciudad de Armenia (Quindío), bajo el enfoque metodológico cualitativo, evidenciándose al desarrollar la investigación una experiencia significativa al demostrar la pertinencia del abordaje pedagógico y ratificar el desarrollo del nivel de razonamiento a otro nivel de orden superior para el fortalecimiento de la percepción geométrica de las funciones trigonométricas referenciadas.
La investigación formativa: una experiencia del cuerpo académico estudios en educación
Authors: López-Domínguez Hilda , Carmona-Vázquez Héctor
Published: June 2016

El presente trabajo es el resultado de una investigación desarrollada con la participación del Cuerpo Académico: Estudios en Educación (CAEE) a partir de algunas entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a miembros y estudiantes participantes del mismo. La finalidad de dichas entrevistas fue rescatar, reconstruir y reflexionar en la experiencia de miembros del CA y estudiantes en cuanto a su implicación en la estrategia Investigación Formativa (IF), así también poner en relevancia el impacto que ha tenido este ejercicio tanto para con la formación de los estudiantes en su posible futura tarea como investigadores, como respecto al enriquecimiento de la formación de los investigadores de acuerdo a lo que conocen y aportan los estudiantes en una dinámica de “todos aprendemos de todos”. Esto dado que se considera emergente evidenciar las experiencias de investigación que distintos grupos están teniendo en pro de difundir dichas experiencias y ponerlas como referencias para su reproducción, adaptación o exclusión según las necesidades y circunstancias de quienes participan en la investigación.
Postura Scanner - Mapeamento e Interpretação da postura humana
Authors: Moraes João Ricardo R. de , Silva Julio César da , Guingo Bruno Clemente , Corrêa Chessman K. F.
Published: June 2016

Este trabalho tem a finalidade de projetar um software capaz de mapear e interpretar a condição clínica da postura humana por meio de imagens, tendo como foco a identificação de patologias que atuam sobre o formato das curvas fisiológicas da coluna vertebral humana. Além disso, será um banco de informações a ser consultado por médicos e pacientes, através de exames que exerceram interações com o software segundo a sua natureza. Neste estudo, relatase como são definidas a postura humana, a coluna vertebral e as medidas das curvas fisiológicas e apresentam-se as técnicas de processamento de imagens que permitem a obtenção dos dados requeridos para o processo. Finalmente, mostra-se a modelagem e implementação do software, bem como a forma de mapeamento e a interpretação da postura humana.
A Integração Informação- Conhecimento como Elemento Agregador de Valor Competitivo para as Empresas Contemporâneas
Authors: Melo Flávia Adrilene De Araújo , Castilho Barilli Elomar Christina Vieira
Published: June 2016

O presente artigo discute o papel da informação e do conhecimento no âmbito organizacional, procurando enfatizar, além de sua importância, o novo foco de sua conceituação, entendimento e aplicação dentro do cenário da chamada “era do conhecimento e da aprendizagem contínua”, entendendo-a como fruto de um contexto que impõe constantes mudanças inerentes a um mundo em transformação. Este cenário parece desafiar a inteligência humana a pensar novos modelos de gestão que contemplem crescimento pessoal e organizacional, como meio de agregar valor aos seus processos, bens e serviços, única forma de sobreviver às demandas da nova sociedade. Embora sejam inúmeros os enfoques e objetivos, o que a bibliografia atual aponta como consenso é o fato de a vantagem competitiva das empresas estar diretamente ligada a ativos intangíveis, conhecimento e aprendizagem. Não basta mais prospectar informação, armazená- la, tratá-la, analisá-la, gerar decisão e implementar ações. É preciso que a empresa aprenda com as experiências vivenciadas, estruturando seu próprio processo histórico, contínuo e inacabado. Dessa forma, a conclusão do presente artigo aponta para a integração informação/ conhecimento, entendendo-se a primeira como fruto da busca e análise com vistas à sua coerente utilização; já o segundo como o resultado da aplicação contextual de forma a gerar experiência individual e coletiva, elementos precursores da chamada aprendizagem organizacional. Espera-se que este escrito, portanto, motive o leitor a repensar novos paradigmas de competitividade, estratégias organizacionais e estruturas institucionais, onde a integração entre informação e conhecimento seja considerada chave para o sucesso das empresas nesta nova ordem mundial.
Desenvolvimento de Software Educacional para Representação e Reconhecimento de Som Aplicado à Ausculta Cardiovascular
Authors: Costa Bruno Carlos Da C. , Moraes Leandro Segheto , Da Silva Júlio César , Lins Elisabete Do Rêgo , Allemão Marco Antônio Freire , Martins Wolney De Andrade
Published: June 2016

No ensino da medicina, especificamente, em laboratórios de estudos e práticas, existe uma preocupação de resguardar o máximo o paciente, buscando o mínimo de constrangimento, porém sem deixar que o aprendizado seja prejudicado. Com o objetivo de capacitar o discente para a prática em ausculta cardiovascular, sem que o contato com o paciente seja necessário, foi desenvolvido o sistema CARDIOS. Contendo informações de doenças cardiovasculares, o aluno conhece o som e o respectivo registro gráfico. A utilização de aparelhos específicos, como um estetoscópio eletrônico, promove a visualização e amplificação do som em tempo real. O uso de agentes inteligentes possibilita o reconhecimento do som cardíaco, classificando-o em normal ou patológico.
O Bisfenol A: Sua Utilização e a Atual Polêmica em Relação aos Possíveis Danos à Saúde Humana
Authors: Beserra Marli Rocha , Schiavini Joyce De Araújo , Rodrigues William Costa , Pereira Cristiane De Souza Siqueira
Published: June 2016

O Bisfenol A (BPA) é um produto químico industrial que, em sua forma monomérica é amplamente utilizado na produção de resinas epóxi e plásticos de policarbonato. É uma substância de excelentes características físicas e químicas utilizadas em diversas aplicações como, por exemplo: revestimento de embalagens metálicas, fabricação de mamadeiras etc. De acordo com relatos da literatura, baixas doses de Bisfenol A têm efeitos adversos sobre a fertilidade, o sistema nervoso, diabetes, câncer, obesidade, puberdade precoce, comportamento, doenças cardíacas. Diante do atual quadro, cabe aos fabricantes de produtos que utilizam Bisfenol A se prevenirem e buscarem alternativas através do desenvolvimento de tecnologia que venha a substituir o uso do citado composto. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a temática do uso do Bisfenol A e o quadro atual das indústrias a cerca do assunto.
Desenvolvimento de Jogos Utilizando XNA: um Exemplo com o Jogo SpaceX
Authors: Da Silva Joni Pereira de Pinho Rodrigues , Veiga Janaína , Carvalho Carlos Vitor De Alencar
Published: June 2016

A área de jogos eletrônicos tem crescido cada vez mais. Podese, nos dias atuais, encontrar jogos em diversos dispositivos: computadores pessoais, consoles domésticos e dispositivos móveis. O desenvolvimento de um jogo não é uma tarefa fácil, pois envolve diversas áreas de conhecimento e também diversas subáreas da computação. A área de desenvolvimento de jogos desperta muita curiosidade e interesse em muitos programadores, entretanto a maioria das instituições de ensino superior com cursos na área de computação não apresentam o foco ou disciplinas específicas para o desenvolvimento de jogos, principalmente em Curso de Sistemas de Informação. Esta foi uma das motivações para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho. Este artigo apresenta o framework XNA e as suas principais funcionalidades para desenvolvimento de jogos eletrônicos interativos. Como resultado e exemplificação o artigo também apresenta o desenvolvimento de um jogo 2D, chamado SpaceX.
Tratamento combinado de lixiviado de aterro sanitário e esgoto doméstico: Aspectos operacionais e microbiológicos
Authors: Nascentes Alexandre Lioi , Do Nascimento Mariana Mattos Pereira , Brasil Felipe Da Costa , Campos Juacyara Carbonelli , Ferreira João Alberto
Published: June 2016

Este trabalho avaliou a influência da presença de lixiviado de aterro sanitário nas condições operacionais e na microbiota de um sistema de lodos ativados tratando esgoto doméstico. Para isto, foram utilizados dois reatores em escala de bancada. O reator 1 foi alimentado com misturas de lixiviado e esgoto sintético a 0,5% e 5% e o reator 2 funcionou como controle (apenas esgoto sintético). A alimentação se deu por meio de bomba dosadora e o fornecimento de ar foi realizado por bombas de aquário. Os reatores foram operados com TRH de 16 e 23 horas, tendo-se registrado micrografias para identificação dos microrganismos de importância no processo. Ao longo do experimento foi possível observar que logo após a introdução ou aumento da concentração de lixiviado houve queda significativa de biodiversidade e redução na atividade dos microrganismos e que após alguns dias a diversidade e a atividade se reestabeleciam no sistema, mostrando que apesar da introdução de uma matriz mais complexa, os microrganismos foram capazes de se adaptar.
Leitura e Transversalidade em Aulas de Espanhol no Ensino Médio
Authors: Rola Ana Paula Carneiro , Alves Ana Beatriz Lago
Published: June 2016

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre as práticas de letramento em aulas de língua estrangeira. Na investigação sobre a construção do letramento em aulas de Espanhol no Ensino Médio, focalizamos a importância da elaboração de materiais didáticos interdisciplinares com abertura ao tratamento dos Temas Transversais. Apresentamos a proposta de uma unidade didática sobre o meio ambiente, com interpretação de textos autênticos que oportunizam a utilização do conhecimento de mundo dos alunos e aplicação de suas experiências na construção de significados.
A Clínica das Mulheres: Erotomania e Devastação
Authors: Samico Fernanda Cabral
Published: June 2016

O discurso das mulheres é marcado por uma condição que não comparece no discurso dos homens: a familiaridade com o S . Isso marca uma especificidade no discurso das mulheres, em análise, e em seus enlaces amorosos, inclusive os transferenciais, pois perpassam a condição feminina que carregam. Esta especificidade está na maneira com que enlaçam o amor e a questão de sua própria existência. Desde Freud, sabemos que, com a castração há a inscrição de uma falta articulada ao significante, o que leva uma mulher a reeditar seu vínculo pré-edipiano com o Outro primordial, na esperança de obter um significante que a represente como mulher. A insistência desse endereçamento de demanda infinita de amor, Lacan nomeia de devastação. Para as mulheres, amor e devastação possuem estreito parentesco porque ambos estão sob o registro do sem limite e da falta de significante no Outro. Diante da falta de um significante que defina o que é uma mulher, a devastação comparece como resposta no relacionamento entre mãe e filha, nas parcerias amorosas e nas relações transferenciais em análise.
O Present Perfect para Brasileiros: Tradução Transcultural no Ensino-Aprendizagem de Língua Inglesa
Authors: Bezerra Júnior Heleno Álvares
Published: June 2016

Com base na prática reflexiva e estudos sobre tradução transcultural, o artigo pretende atingir dois públicos-alvo: pesquisadores comprometidos com o desenvolvimento de novas abordagens para o ensino de língua inglesa e alunos que apresentem dificuldades de compreensão do Present Perfect de acordo com a língua padrão. Preocupados com ambos os grupos, esperamos, por um lado, discutir questões transculturais importantes à tradução deste tempo verbal para a língua portuguesa e, por outro lado, apontar dicas práticas para estudantes e/ ou meros usuários da língua inglesa no tocante à temática.
O papel da identidade cultural e da representação social na construção da subjetividade na sociedade pós-moderna
Authors: Da Rocha Fátima Niemeyer , Bernardino Adriana Vasconcelos da Silva
Published: June 2016

O texto discute a identidade cultural e a representação social como alicerces da construção da subjetividade no mundo pós-moderno globalizado e culturalmente mundializado. Busca compreender de que forma as diferentes identidades culturais e suas representações revelam como a subjetividade está sujeita a influência do ambiente social/cultural. A identidade cultural é entendida como a representação da soma de significados que dão sentido e estruturam a ação do indivíduo ou população. Como produto/produção de sínteses dialéticas entre sujeito e cultura decorre uma manifestação cuja expressão denominamos representação sociocultural. A argumentação enfoca a construção da identidade do indivíduo numa estrutura social/cultural, destacando-se a identidade no que tange a representações de imagens e conceitos sociais que o projetam culturalmente, pelo que promovem a construção social da subjetividade.
Estado e MST no Médio Paraíba Fluminense: território e contra-hegemonia (2000-2011)
Authors: Santos Raul Almeida
Published: June 2016

No artigo que por ora se apresenta buscamos, através da historicização das ações do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) no Médio Paraíba Fluminense (MPF), analisar as relações entre Estado e Movimento Social, que são reflexos de conflitos de classe e frações de classe, e a configuração da luta pela terra no MPF, intentando trazer novas luzes aos estudos sobre Estado e Movimentos Sociais, sobretudo por se tratar de um período recente, ainda pouco explorado pelos historiadores.
Participação política na Primeira República: uma análise comparativa dos textos de José Murilo de Carvalho e Maria Tereza Chaves de Mello
Authors: Laureano Gabriel Moreira Medeiros
Published: June 2016

Em 1889, houve a transição do regime monárquico para o republicano, em nosso país. Os ideais republicanos ganharam fôlego com a publicação do Manifesto Republicano em 1870, com a posterior fundação do Partido Republicano, em 1871. A partir daí os envolvidos neste mesmo partido começaram a disseminar e defender suas ideias por meio, principalmente, da imprensa. Qual terá sido o alcance dessa defesa? Será que todos de fato associaram a república ao progresso? Será que o povo participou e apoiou, o golpe de 1889? Este artigo se propõe a tratar exatamente desse aspecto, ou seja, da participação, ou não, do povo nesse processo de transição para o regime republicano, e, também, como de se deu a relação deste mesmo povo com o novo governo, em seus primeiros anos.
A psicanálise em um Batalhão de Polícia Militar: algumas reflexões acerca de um trabalho de pesquisa em psicanálise
Authors: Samico Fernanda Cabral
Published: June 2016

Este trabalho visa pensar a clínica psicanalítica, suas possibilidades e limites em um campo tão particular como o do 10° Batalhão de Polícia Militar do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (10°BPMRJ). Nossa atuação neste espaço parte da aposta que, ao possibilitarmos a entrada da psicanálise e sua atuação na contramão do apagamento subjetivo que a identificação com a farda promove, permitimos que nós atuemos como promotores de implicações subjetivas e possibilitamos o surgimento de um campo onde os afetos possam ser acolhidos. Faz-se necessário reconhecer a importância da prática da psicanálise em um contexto cuja imposição de uma obediência sem questionamento, aliada à sobrecarga de trabalho e situações de risco e estresse, leva ao adoecimento e à passagens ao ato de grande gravidade. A aposta ética no sujeito do inconsciente e na psicanálise como dispositivo são os pontos norteadores de nossa atuação. É preciso, portanto, pensar a criação de uma prática construída a partir da especificidade de um campo como o 10° BPMRJ, para que, a partir da aplicação da psicanálise e seu dispositivo, possa-se acolher e fazer falar o próprio de cada um em detrimento do adoecimento que a identificação com a farda promove em alguns policiais.
O Jongo Renascer de Vassouras. História, Identidade, Poesia
Authors: Siqueira José Jorge , Santos Luís Carlos Rodrigues dos
Published: June 2016

Trata-se de um renascimento de antiga forma de expressão do afro-brasileiro, onde se misturam história, identidade cultural e poesia.
Uma introdução ao estudo do Jongo do Vale do Paraíba
Authors: Assis Penha Aparecida Adriano da Silva , Borges Magno Fonseca
Published: June 2016

Neste trabalho buscamos apresentar algumar reflexões preliminares sobre o Jongo do Vale do Paraíba.
Comparison Between Pathogen Associated Laboratory and Clinical Parameters in Early-Onset Sepsis of the Newborn
Authors: Resch Bernhard , B Renoldner , N Hofer
Published: June 2016

Objectives:

To identify laboratory and clinical characteristics of different pathogens associated with early-onset sepsis (EOS) of the newborn.

Methods:

Newborns with EOS were retrospectively analyzed regarding laboratory and clinical parameters associated with the identified pathogen.

Results:

We identified 125 newborns having diagnosis of culture proven EOS between 1993 and 2011. One hundred cases had diagnosis of group B streptococci (GBS) infection (80%), 11 had Escherichia coli (8.8%), eight enterococci (6.4%), and six other pathogens (4.8%). White blood cell count (WBC), immature to total neutrophil (IT) ratio, and C-reactive protein (CRP) values did not differ between groups within the first 72 hours of life. Presence of high (>30000/µL) and low (<9000/µl) WBC was significantly less found compared with IT-ratio >0.2 in GBS and E.coli EOS. High WBC were more common found than low WBC in all groups. Gram positive pathogens were more common found in late preterm and term infants (84%), and gram negative pathogens more common in very low birth weight infants (64%). E. coli was significantly associated with lower gestational age and birth weight, respectively.

Conclusion:

An abnormal IT-ratio was a more common finding than an abnormal WBC in GBS and E. coli EOS. E. coli was significantly associated with prematurity.
TGF-β Contributes to Impaired Exercise Response by Suppression of Mitochondrial Key Regulators in Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Böhm Anja , Hoffmann Christoph , Irmler Martin , Schneeweiss Patrick , Schnauder Günter , Sailer Corinna , Schmid Vera , Hudemann Jens , Machann Jürgen , Schick Fritz , Beckers Johannes , Hrabě de Angelis Martin , Staiger Harald , Fritsche Andreas , Stefan Norbert , Nieß Andreas M. , Häring Hans-Ulrich , Weigert Cora
Published: June 2016

A substantial number of people at risk of developing type 2 diabetes could not improve insulin sensitivity by physical training intervention. We studied the mechanisms of this impaired exercise response in 20 middle-aged individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes who performed 8 weeks of controlled cycling and walking training at 80% individual Vo2 peak. Participants identified as nonresponders in insulin sensitivity (based on the Matsuda index) did not differ in preintervention parameters compared with high responders. The failure to increase insulin sensitivity after training correlates with impaired upregulation of mitochondrial fuel oxidation genes in skeletal muscle, and with the suppression of the upstream regulators PGC1α and AMPKα2. The muscle transcriptomes of the nonresponders are further characterized by the activation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and TGF-β target genes, which is associated with increases in inflammatory and macrophage markers. TGF-β1 as inhibitor of mitochondrial regulators and insulin signaling is validated in human skeletal muscle cells. Activated TGF-β1 signaling downregulates the abundance of PGC1α, AMPKα2, the mitochondrial transcription factor TFAM, and mitochondrial enzymes. Thus, the data suggest that increased TGF-β activity in skeletal muscle can attenuate the improvement of mitochondrial fuel oxidation after training and contribute to the failure to increase insulin sensitivity.
Glucose Variability: Timing, Risk Analysis, and Relationship to Hypoglycemia in Diabetes
Authors: Kovatchev Boris , Cobelli Claudio
Published: June 2016

Glucose control, glucose variability (GV), and risk for hypoglycemia are intimately related, and it is now evident that GV is important in both the physiology and pathophysiology of diabetes. However, its quantitative assessment is complex because blood glucose (BG) fluctuations are characterized by both amplitude and timing. Additional numerical complications arise from the asymmetry of the BG scale. In this Perspective, we focus on the acute manifestations of GV, particularly on hypoglycemia, and review measures assessing the amplitude of GV from routine self-monitored BG data, as well as its timing from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data. With availability of CGM, the latter is not only possible but also a requirement—we can now assess rapid glucose fluctuations in real time and relate their speed and magnitude to clinically relevant outcomes. Our primary message is that diabetes control is all about optimization and balance between two key markers—frequency of hypoglycemia and HbA1c reflecting average BG and primarily driven by the extent of hyperglycemia. GV is a primary barrier to this optimization, including to automated technologies such as the “artificial pancreas.” Thus, it is time to standardize GV measurement and thereby streamline the assessment of its two most important components—amplitude and timing.
Type 1 Diabetes and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Escobar-Morreale Héctor F. , Roldán-Martín M. Belén
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND

A few small studies have reported increased prevalences of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and symptoms of androgen excess in women with type 1 diabetes.

PURPOSE

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating androgen excess symptoms and PCOS in women with type 1 diabetes.

DATA SOURCES

The Entrez-PubMed and Scopus electronic databases were used.

STUDY SELECTION

We selected studies addressing androgen excess signs, symptoms, and disorders in girls, adolescents, and adult women with type 1 diabetes.

DATA EXTRACTION

The main outcome measures were prevalences of PCOS, hyperandrogenemia, hirsutism, menstrual dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM).

DATA SYNTHESIS

Nine primary studies involving 475 adolescent or adult women with type 1 diabetes were included. The prevalences of PCOS and associated traits in women with type 1 diabetes were 24% (95% CI 15–34) for PCOS, 25% (95% CI 17–33) for hyperandrogenemia, 25% (95% CI 16–36) for hirsutism, 24% (95% CI 17–32) for menstrual dysfunction, and 33% (95% CI 24–44) for PCOM. These figures are considerably higher than those reported earlier in the general population without diabetes.

LIMITATIONS

The data collected in the original studies were heterogeneous in age, race, ethnicity, and criteria used for the diagnosis of PCOS; yet, we used a quality-effects model in the meta-analyses to overcome this limitation.

CONCLUSIONS

PCOS and its related traits are frequent findings in women with type 1 diabetes. PCOS may contribute to the subfertility of these women by a mechanism that does not directly depend on glycemic/metabolic control among other negative consequences for their health. Hence, screening for PCOS and androgen excess should be included in current guidelines for the management of type 1 diabetes in women.
The Conduct of a Review
Authors: Lamp John W , Burmeister Oliver K
Published: June 2016

Editorial comment
Factor Structure of Individual Consequences for Teleworking Professionals
Authors: Campbell John , Heales Jon
Published: June 2016

Despite the increasing popularity of telework, little is known about individual outcomes that arise particularly for teleworking professionals. We build on earlier research by examining the conceptual constructs of individual consequences from telework. We initially categorized consequences identified in the extant literature into five areas. However, this model was not supported by confirmatory factor analysis of survey data collected from 250 teleworking accounting professionals. Subsequent exploratory factor analysis revealed a more complex six-factor structure relating to (1) Effectiveness; (2) Self-assurance; (3) Working with Others; (4) Work Pressure; (5) Professional Image; and (6) Physicality. The results extend our understanding of latent constructs underlying telework by professional knowledge workers, and provide a basis for further refinement of our model based on empirical research and theoretical development.
Effect of hot differential speed rolling on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe3Al-based intermetallic alloy
Authors: Polkowski Wojciech , Jóźwik Paweł , Łyszkowski Radosław
Published: June 2016

Results of the first study on hot differential speed rolling (DSR) of Fe3Al-based intermetallic alloy are given in the present paper. The material was subjected to hot rolling at 1100°C with equal and non-equal (the DSR) speed of working rolls. The results of structural examinations indicate that the additional shear strain imposed to the material upon the DSR processing facilitates the activation of dynamic recrystallization. As opposed to the material hot deformed with equal speed of both rolls, the DSRed Fe3Al alloy was characterized by a fully transformed, close to equiaxed grain structure (average grain size of ∼120 μm). The observed structural evolution leads to a higher mechanical strength in DSRed samples as compared to the undeformed counterparts, however it does not result in a substantial improvement of the material's ductility.
Improved polycrystalline Ni54Mn16Fe9Ga21 high-temperature shape memory alloy by γ phase distributing along grain boundaries
Authors: Yang Shuiyuan , Zhang Fan , Zhang Kaixin , Huang Yangyang , Wang Cuiping , Liu Xingjun
Published: June 2016

In this study, the shape recovery and mechanical properties of Ni54Mn16Fe9Ga21 high-temperature shape memory alloy are improved simultaneously. This results from the low, about 4.4%, volume fraction of γ phase being almost completely distributed along grain boundaries. The recovery strain gradually increases with the increase in residual strain with a shape recovery rate of above 68%, up to a maximum value of 5.3%. The compressive fracture strain of Ni54Mn16Fe9Ga21 alloy is about 35%. The results further reveal that when applying a high compression deformation two types of cracks form and propagate either within martensite grains (type I) or along the boundaries between martensite phase and γ phase (type II) in the present two-phase alloy.
Microstructure optimization and mechanical properties of lightweight Al–Mg2Si in-situ composite
Authors: Chen Xiaoxian , Liu Hao , Zhan Yongzhong , Tang Hongqun
Published: June 2016

This research investigated the effects of Er addition (0–1 wt.%), cooling rate and hot extrusion on the microstructure, hardness and tensile properties of Al-15 wt.% Mg2Si in-situ composite. The results show that addition of Er with high concentrations changes primary Mg2Si particles from irregularly shaped to polygonal shaped and also transforms needle-shaped Al5FeSi compounds into a short rod morphology. Microstructural studies revealed that water-cooling is more beneficial to acquire polygon shaped primary Mg2Si and fish-bone Al3Er. Through hot extrusion, the networks of eutectic Mg2Si phase and fish-bone Al3Er compound are broken. In addition, the results of tensile testing show that both Er addition and water-cooling improve the ultimate tensile strength and elongation. The optimum tensile behavior was achieved by adding 0.6 wt.% Er to the water-cooled Al–Mg2Si composite after hot extrusion.
Inhibitory effect of Sphagnum palustre extract and its bioactive compounds on aromatase activity
Authors: Eom Hee Jeong , Park Yong Joo , Kang Hee Rae , Kim Ha Ryong , Bang In Jae , Park Hyun Bong , Chung Kyu Hyuck , Kim Ki Hyun
Published: June 2016

Sphagnum palustre (a moss) has been traditionally used in Korea for the cure of several diseases such as cardiac pain and stroke. In this research, the inhibitory effect of S. palustre on aromatase (cytochrome P450 19, CYP19) activity was studied. [1β-3H] androstenedione was used as a substrate and incubated with S. palustre extract and recombinant human CYP19 in the presence of NADPH. S. palustre extract inhibited aromatase in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 value: 36.4 ± 8.1 µg/mL). To elucidate the major compounds responsible for the aromatase inhibitory effects of S. palustre extract, nine compounds were isolated from the extract and tested for their inhibition of aromatase activity. Compounds 1, 6, and 7 displayed aromatase inhibition, while the inhibition by the other compounds was negligible.

Video Clip

Aromatase enzyme activity: 4 min 16 sec  
Intercultural Experience, the Anglo-American Occupation and UNESCO in Germany 1945–1949
Authors: Morley Elaine
Published: June 2016

Independent of each other, though contemporaneous, the Anglo-American occupiers of Germany and the newly founded United Nations Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization employed culture to foster greater intercultural and international understanding in 1945. Both enterprises separately saw culture as offering a means of securing the peace in the long term. This article compares the stated intentions and activities of the Anglo-American occupiers and UNESCO vis-à-vis transforming morals and public opinion in Germany for the better after World War II. It reconceptualizes the mobilization of culture to transform Germany through engaging theories of cultural diplomacy and propaganda. It argues that rather than merely engaging in propaganda in the negative sense, elements of these efforts can also be viewed as propaganda in the earlier, morally neutral sense of the term, despite the fact that clear geopolitical aims lay at the heart of the cultural activities of both the occupiers and UNESCO.
‘The Sermons in the Stones of Germany Preach Nihilism’: ‘Outsider Rubble Literature’ and the Reconstruction of Germany, 1945–1949
Authors: Feigel Lara
Published: June 2016

This article explores the literature and film produced by the writers and filmmakers sent by the British and Americans to occupied Germany in the four years after the war. Although these figures were intended to help transform the mentality of the Germans, it is argued here that they had less effect on Germany than Germany had on them, and that the crucial (albeit unwitting) result of their visits to Germany was the creation of a genre of art here named ‘outsider rubble literature’ or Fremdentrümmerliteratur. This is a genre that asked, ultimately, what right the Allies had to judge Germany from outside when they were guilty too. It comprises a series of fundamentally ambivalent works of art that often manifest their ambivalence by juxtaposing the two forms of destruction experienced in Germany: the destruction of the bombed cities and the destruction wrought in the concentration camps. The article suggests that this genre of ‘outsider rubble literature’ includes Thomas Mann's great postwar novel Doktor Faustus, arguing that our understanding of this novel is increased if we read it alongside the postwar writing of Stephen Spender, Martha Gellhorn and Klaus Mann, and the postwar filmmaking of Billy Wilder.
2D Conduction Simulation of a PCM Storage Coupled with a Heat Pump in a Ventilation System
Authors: Virgone Joseph , Trabelsi Abdelkrim
Published: June 2016

Efforts to simulate heat transfer in a PCM (Phase Change Material) storage device are generally led by considerations of Biot number and material thickness, of 2D versus 1D representation, and of possible hysteresis effects arising from the characterisation of the PCM using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In this paper we present a numerical treatment of heat conduction in a paraffin-based storage brick, based on experimental data for a full scale, heat storage component studied under laboratory conditions. The PCM was modelled adopting equivalent thermophysical properties during the phase change. An equivalent heat capacity and thermal conductivity were provided for an appropriate description of energy release and storage in the process of solidification and melting. The geometry of the metal container induces 2D effects that are generally neglected in numerical modelling. The thickness of the plates (about 2 cm) is sufficiently large to require the modelling of conduction in the PCM, but can also induce convection that has been neglected in this study. Experimental results are presented and compared for both a 1D and 2D model of the PCM device. It was concluded that a 2D representation is essential for configurations; like the case study and geometry we had; with a large difference in thermal conductivity between PCM and metal casing. Two curves of equivalent heat capacity (measured via DSC) were introduced for heating and cooling phases. Comparisons to experimental results indicated significant errors in the models during melting and solidification of the PCM, which could be reduced by instead adopting the mean of the two heat capacity curves. The rate of temperature change during the experiments and for the DSC characterisation was analysed and found to explain well the observations. In particular, as novelty, two peaks of equivalent heat capacity have been observed with DSC when the rate is very low instead of only one peak using current rate: and that explains the real behaviour in the experiments.
Erica the Rhino: A Case Study in Using Raspberry Pi Single Board Computers for Interactive Art
Authors: Basford Philip , Bragg Graeme , Hare Jonathon , Jewell Michael , Martinez Kirk , Newman David , Pau Reena , Smith Ashley , Ward Tyler
Published: June 2016

Erica the Rhino is an interactive art exhibit created by the University of Southampton, UK. Erica was created as part of a city wide art trail in 2013 called “Go! Rhinos”, curated by Marwell Wildlife, to raise awareness of Rhino conservation. Erica arrived as a white fibreglass shell which was then painted and equipped with five Raspberry Pi Single Board Computers (SBC). These computers allowed the audience to interact with Erica through a range of sensors and actuators. In particular, the audience could feed and stroke her to prompt reactions, as well as send her Tweets to change her behaviour. Pi SBCs were chosen because of their ready availability and their educational pedigree. During the deployment, ‘coding clubs’ were run in the shopping centre where Erica was located, and these allowed children to experiment with and program the same components used in Erica. The experience gained through numerous deployments around the country has enabled Erica to be upgraded to increase reliability and ease of maintenance, whilst the release of the Pi 2 has allowed her responsiveness to be improved.
Combined Two-Stage Stochastic Programming and Receding Horizon Control Strategy for Microgrid Energy Management Considering Uncertainty
Authors: Li Zhongwen , Zang Chuanzhi , Zeng Peng , Yu Haibin
Published: June 2016

Microgrids (MGs) are presented as a cornerstone of smart grids. With the potential to integrate intermittent renewable energy sources (RES) in a flexible and environmental way, the MG concept has gained even more attention. Due to the randomness of RES, load, and electricity price in MG, the forecast errors of MGs will affect the performance of the power scheduling and the operating cost of an MG. In this paper, a combined stochastic programming and receding horizon control (SPRHC) strategy is proposed for microgrid energy management under uncertainty, which combines the advantages of two-stage stochastic programming (SP) and receding horizon control (RHC) strategy. With an SP strategy, a scheduling plan can be derived that minimizes the risk of uncertainty by involving the uncertainty of MG in the optimization model. With an RHC strategy, the uncertainty within the MG can be further compensated through a feedback mechanism with the lately updated forecast information. In our approach, a proper strategy is also proposed to maintain the SP model as a mixed integer linear constrained quadratic programming (MILCQP) problem, which is solvable without resorting to any heuristics algorithms. The results of numerical experiments explicitly demonstrate the superiority of the proposed strategy for both island and grid-connected operating modes of an MG.
A Holistic Approach for Addressing the Issue of Effective Technology Transfer in the Frame of Climate Change
Authors: Karakosta Charikleia
Published: June 2016

Climate change policy and sustainable development issues and goals are closely intertwined. Recognizing the dual relationship between sustainable development and climate change points to a need for the exploration of actions that jointly address sustainable development and climate change. Technology transfer is considered an issue with growing interest worldwide and has been recognized as the key in supporting countries to achieve sustainable development, while addressing climate change challenges. This study presents an integrated decision support methodological framework for the formulation and evaluation of activities to promote technology transfer, as well as the provision of clear recommendations and strategies for framing specific policy in the context of climate change. The philosophy of the proposed approach, under the name: assess-identify-define (AID), consists of three components, where each one focuses on a particular problem. The methodology is integrated using appropriate tools in the information decision support system for effective technology transfer (DSS-ΕTT). The pilot application of the proposed methodology, in five representative developing countries, provided the possibility to evaluate the characteristics of the adopted methodology in terms of completeness, usability, extensionality, as well as analysis of results reliability.
A Review of Wave-to-Wire Models for Wave Energy Converters
Authors: Penalba Markel , Ringwood John
Published: June 2016

Control of wave energy converters (WECs) has been very often limited to hydrodynamic control to absorb the maximum energy possible from ocean waves. This generally ignores or significantly simplifies the performance of real power take-off (PTO) systems. However, including all the required dynamics and constraints in the control problem may considerably vary the control strategy and the power output. Therefore, this paper considers the incorporation into the model of all the conversion stages from ocean waves to the electricity network, referred to as wave-to-wire (W2W) models, and identifies the necessary components and their dynamics and constraints, including grid constraints. In addition, the paper identifies different control inputs for the different components of the PTO system and how these inputs are articulated to the dynamics of the system. Examples of pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical or magnetic transmission systems driving a rotary electrical generator, and linear electric generators are provided.
Curtailment in a Highly Renewable Power System and Its Effect on Capacity Factors
Authors: Kies Alexander , Schyska Bruno , Von Bremen Lueder
Published: June 2016

The capacity factor of a power plant is the ratio of generation over its potential generation. It is an important measure to describe wind and solar resources. However, the fluctuating nature of renewable power generation makes it difficult to integrate all generation at times. Whenever generation exceeds the load, curtailment or storage of energy is required. With increasing renewable shares in the power system, the level of curtailment will further increase. In this work, the influence of the curtailment on the capacity factors for a highly renewable German power system is studied. An effective capacity factor is introduced, and the implications for the distribution of renewable power plants are discussed. Three years of highly-resolved weather data were used to model wind and solar power generation. Together with historical load data and a transmission model, a possible future German power system was simulated. It is shown that effective capacity factors for unlimited transmission are strongly reduced by up to 60% (wind) and 70% (photovoltaics) and therefore of limited value in a highly renewable power system. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that wind power benefits more strongly from a reinforced transmission grid than photovoltaics (PV) does.
Inductive Power Transfer Systems for Bus-Stop-Powered Electric Vehicles
Authors: Hou Chung-Chuan , Chang Kuei-Yuan
Published: June 2016

This study presents an inductive power transfer (IPT) system for electric vehicles (EVs) based on EE-shaped ferrite cores. The issues of the IPT system such as efficiency, air gap, displacement, dislocation, and motion are discussed. Furthermore, finite element analysis software is utilized to simulate the IPT system operated under large air gap conditions. Simulation and measurement results are presented to validate the performance of the proposed scheme and meet the requirements for bus-stop-powered EVs.
Zinc Porphyrins Possessing Three p-Carboxyphenyl Groups: Effect of the Donor Strength of Push-Groups on the Efficiency of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Ambre Ram , Mane Sandeep , Hung Chen-Hsiung
Published: June 2016

Zinc porphyrins decorated with three p-carboxyphenyl anchoring groups and various “push” substituents of varied electron-donating strengths were prepared in good yields by facile and straightforward ways. The effect of electron-donating strength of the donor molecules on the overall power conversion efficiency was evaluated with the help of photophysical, electrochemical, photovoltaic spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. It is observed from the photophysical and Infrared (IR) spectroscopic data that multi-anchoring dyes are more stable and bind more strongly to the TiO2 surface than their one-anchor counterparts. The properties like a three-step synthesis, high overall yields, possible mass production on a gram-scale and strong binding affinities with TiO2 surfaces make them a suitable choice for commercial applications. Zn1NH3A, with electron donating and anti-aggregation characteristics, achieved the highest efficiency of 6.50%.
Smokers’ and E-Cigarette Users’ Perceptions about E-Cigarette Warning Statements
Authors: Wackowski Olivia , Hammond David , O’Connor Richard , Strasser Andrew , Delnevo Cristine
Published: June 2016

Cigarette warning labels are important sources of risk information, but warning research for other tobacco products is limited. This study aimed to gauge perceptions about warnings that may be used for e-cigarettes. We conducted six small focus groups in late 2014/early 2015 with adult current e-cigarette users and cigarette-only smokers. Participants rated and discussed their perceptions of six e-cigarette warning statements, and warnings in two existing Vuse and MarkTen e-cigarette ads. Participants were open to e-cigarette warnings and provided the strongest reactions to statements warning that e-liquid/e-vapor or e-cigarettes can be poisonous, contain toxins, or are “not a safe alternative to smoking”. However, many also noted that these statements were exaggerated, potentially misleading, and could scare smokers away from reducing their harm by switching to e-cigarettes. Opinions on the Food and Drug Administration’s proposed nicotine addiction warning and warnings that e-cigarettes had not been approved for smoking cessation or had unknown health effects were mixed. Participants perceived MarkTen’s advertisement warning to be stronger and more noticeable than Vuse’s. Care should be taken in developing e-cigarette warnings given their relative recentness and potential for harm reduction compared to other tobacco products. Additional research, including with varied audiences, would be instructive.