bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular health and life expectancy with and without cardiovascular disease in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population
Authors: Xia Xue , Chen Shuohua , Tian Xue , Xu Qin , Zhang Yijun , Zhang Xiaoli , Wang Penglian , Wu Shouling , Lin Liming , Wang Anxin
Published: December 2023

Background

High cardiovascular health (CVH) was associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and longer life expectancy. However, whether life years lived without CVD could increase faster than or at least at the same pace as total lifespan remains unknown. We aimed to explore the associations of CVH status with total life expectancy and life years lived with and without CVD among middle-aged and elderly men and women.

Methods

We included 65,587 participants aged ≥ 45 years from Kailuan study, who were recruited during June 2006 to October 2007. CVH was scored and classified (low [0–49 points], moderate [50–79 points] and high [80–100 points]) with Life’s Essential 8, incorporating evaluations of health behaviors and factors. All-cause mortality and incident non-fatal CVD were recorded from baseline to December 31, 2020. The multi-state life table was adopted to explore the associations of CVH status with total life expectancy and life years lived with and without CVD.

Results

Six thousand fifty eight cases of incident non-fatal CVD and 10,580 cases of deaths were identified. Men aged 45 years with low, moderate, and high CVH had a life expectancy of 33.0, 36.5 and 38.5 years, of which 7.8 (23.6%), 6.0 (16.3%) and 3.7 years (9.6%) were spent with CVD. For women, the corresponding life expectancy was 36.6, 43.6 and 48.6 years, and the remaining life years lived with CVD were 7.8 (21.3%), 6.0 (13.7%) and 4.5 years (9.3%), respectively. The benefits of high CVH were persistent across lifespan from age 45 to 85 years and consistent when CVH was evaluated with health behaviors and factors alone.

Conclusions

High CVH compared with low CVH was associated with longer total life expectancy and fewer years spent with CVD, indicating that promoting CVH is of great importance for CVD prevention and healthy ageing in China.
Healthcare disparities: patients’ perspectives on barriers to joint replacement
Authors: Goodman Susan M. , Mannstadt Insa , Gibbons J. Alex B. , Rajan Mangala , Bass Anne , Russell Linda , Mehta Bella , Figgie Mark , Parks Michael L. , Venkatachalam Shilpa , Nowell W. Benjamin , Brantner Collin , Lui Geyanne , Card Andrea , Leung Peggy , Tischler Henry , Young Sarah R. , Navarro-Millán Iris
Published: December 2023

Objective

Racial and ethnic disparities in arthroplasty utilization are evident, but the reasons are not known. We aimed to identify concerns that may contribute to barriers to arthroplasty from the patient’s perspective.

Methods

We identified patients’ concerns about arthroplasty by performing a mixed methods study. Themes identified during semi-structured interviews with Black and Hispanic patients with advanced symptomatic hip or knee arthritis were used to develop a questionnaire to quantify and prioritize their concerns. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between race/ethnicity and the importance of each theme. Models were adjusted for sex, insurance, education, HOOS, JR/KOOS, JR, and discussion of joint replacement with a doctor.

Results

Interviews with eight participants reached saturation and provided five themes used to develop a survey answered by 738 (24%) participants; 75.5% White, 10.3% Black, 8.7% Hispanic, 3.9% Asian/Other. Responses were significantly different between groups (p < 0.05). Themes identified were “Trust in the surgeon” “Recovery”, “Cost/Insurance”, “Surgical outcome”, and “Personal suitability/timing”. Compared to Whites, Blacks were two-fold, Hispanics four-fold more likely to rate “Trust in the surgeon” as very/extremely important. Blacks were almost three times and Hispanics over six times more likely to rate “Recovery” as very/extremely important.

Conclusion

We identified factors of importance to patients that may contribute to barriers to arthroplasty, with marked differences between Blacks, Hispanics, and Whites.
Challenges in the diagnosis of the enigmatic primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma: two case reports and review of the literature
Authors: Suzuki Sawako , Takahashi Naoya , Sugo Masafumi , Ishiwata Kazuki , Ishida Akiko , Watanabe Suzuka , Igarashi Katsushi , Ruike Yutaro , Naito Kumiko , Fujimoto Masanori , Koide Hisashi , Imamura Yusuke , Sakamoto Shinichi , Ichikawa Tomohiko , Kubota Yoshihiro , Wada Takeshi , Yamazaki Yuto , Sasano Hironobu , Ikeda Jun-ichiro , Tatsuno Ichiro , Yokote Koutaro
Published: December 2023

Background

Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma is a rare and aggressive mesenchymal tumor derived from the smooth muscle wall of a central adrenal vein or its tributaries; therefore, tumors tend to invade the inferior vena cava and cause thrombosis. The great majority of tumors grow rapidly, which makes the disease difficult to diagnose in its early clinical stages and needs differentiation from adrenocortical carcinomas for the selection of chemotherapy including mitotane which causes adrenal insufficiency.

Case presentation

We presented two patients with adrenal leiomyosarcoma who were referred to our hospital with abdominal pain and harboring large adrenal tumors and inferior vena cava thrombosis. The endocrine findings, including serum catecholamine levels, were unremarkable. These two patients were considered clinically inoperable, and CT-guided core needle biopsy was performed to obtain the definitive histopathological diagnosis and determine the modes of therapy. The masses were subsequently diagnosed as primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma based on the histological features and positive immunoreactivity for SMA (smooth muscle actin), desmin, and vimentin.

Conclusions

Adrenal leiomyosarcoma derived from the smooth muscle wall of a central adrenal vein or its tributaries is rare but should be considered a differential diagnosis in the case of nonfunctioning adrenal tumors extending directly to the inferior vena cava. CT-guided biopsy is considered useful for histopathological diagnosis and clinical management of patients with inoperable advanced adrenal tumors without any hormone excess.
MNCLCDA: predicting circRNA-drug sensitivity associations by using mixed neighbourhood information and contrastive learning
Authors: Li Guanghui , Zeng Feifan , Luo Jiawei , Liang Cheng , Xiao Qiu
Published: December 2023

Background

circRNAs play an important role in drug resistance and cancer development. Recently, many studies have shown that the expressions of circRNAs in human cells can affect the sensitivity of cells to therapeutic drugs, thus significantly influencing the therapeutic effects of these drugs. Traditional biomedical experiments required to verify this sensitivity relationship are not only time-consuming but also expensive. Hence, the development of an efficient computational approach that can accurately predict the novel associations between drug sensitivities and circRNAs is a crucial and pressing need.

Methods

In this research, we present a novel computational framework called MNCLCDA, which aims to predict the potential associations between drug sensitivities and circRNAs to assist with medical research. First, MNCLCDA quantifies the similarity between the given drug and circRNA using drug structure information, circRNA gene sequence information, and GIP kernel information. Due to the existence of noise in similarity information, we employ a preprocessing approach based on random walk with restart for similarity networks to efficiently capture the useful features of circRNAs and drugs. Second, we use a mixed neighbourhood graph convolutional network to obtain the neighbourhood information of nodes. Then, a graph-based contrastive learning method is used to enhance the robustness of the model, and finally, a double Laplace-regularized least-squares method is used to predict potential circRNA-drug associations through the kernel matrices in the circRNA and drug spaces.

Results

Numerous experimental results show that MNCLCDA outperforms six other advanced methods. In addition, the excellent performance of our proposed model in case studies illustrates that MNCLCDA also has the ability to predict the associations between drug sensitivity and circRNA in practical situations.

Conclusions

After a large number of experiments, it is illustrated that MNCLCDA is an efficient tool for predicting the potential associations between drug sensitivities and circRNAs, thereby can provide some guidance for clinical trials.
Mobilising context as complex and dynamic in evaluations of complex health interventions
Authors: Murdoch Jamie , Paparini Sara , Papoutsi Chrysanthi , James Hannah , Greenhalgh Trisha , Shaw Sara E.
Published: December 2023

Background

The relationship between healthcare interventions and context is widely conceived as involving complex and dynamic interactions over time. However, evaluations of complex health interventions frequently fail to mobilise such complexity, reporting context and interventions as reified and demarcated categories. This raises questions about practices shaping knowledge about context, with implications for who and what we make visible in our research. Viewed through the lens of case study research, we draw on data collected for the Triple C study (focused on Case study, Context and Complex interventions), to critique these practices, and call for system-wide changes in how notions of context are operationalised in evaluations of complex health interventions.

Methods

The Triple C study was funded by the Medical Research Council to develop case study guidance and reporting principles taking account of context and complexity. As part of this study, a one-day workshop with 58 participants and nine interviews were conducted with those involved in researching, evaluating, publishing, funding and developing policy and practice from case study research. Discussions focused on how to conceptualise and operationalise context within case study evaluations of complex health interventions. Analysis focused on different constructions and connections of context in relation to complex interventions and the wider social forces structuring participant’s accounts.

Results

We found knowledge-making practices about context shaped by epistemic and political forces, manifesting as: tensions between articulating complexity and clarity of description; ontological (in)coherence between conceptualisations of context and methods used; and reified versions of context being privileged when communicating with funders, journals, policymakers and publics.

Conclusion

We argue that evaluations of complex health interventions urgently requires wide-scale critical reflection on how context is mobilised - by funders, health services researchers, journal editors and policymakers. Connecting with how scholars approach complexity and context across disciplines provides opportunities for creatively expanding the field in which health evaluations are conducted, enabling a critical standpoint to long-established traditions and opening up possibilities for innovating the design of evaluations of complex health interventions.
A secreted form of chorismate mutase (Rv1885c) in Mycobacterium bovis BCG contributes to pathogenesis by inhibiting mitochondria-mediated apoptotic cell death of macrophages
Authors: Lee Mi-Hyun , Kim Hye Lin , Seo Hyejun , Jung Sangkwon , Kim Bum-Joon
Published: December 2023

Background

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), and its pathogenicity is associated with its ability to evade the host defense system. The secretory form of the chorismate mutase of M. tuberculosis (TBCM, encoded by Rv1885c) is assumed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of TB; however, the mechanism remains unknown.

Methods

A tbcm deletion mutant (B∆tbcm) was generated by targeted gene knockout in BCG to investigate the pathogenic role of TBCM in mice or macrophages. We compared the pathogenesis of B∆tbcm and wild-type BCG in vivo by measuring the bacterial clearance rate and the degree of apoptosis. Promotion of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway was evaluated in infected bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) by measuring apoptotic cell death, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and translocation of pore-forming proteins. Immunocytochemistry, western blotting and real-time PCR were also performed to assess the related protein expression levels after infection. Furthermore, these findings were validated by complementation of tbcm in BCG.

Results

Deletion of the tbcm gene in BCG leads to reduced pathogenesis in a mouse model, compared to wild type BCG, by promoting apoptotic cell death and bacterial clearance. Based on these findings, we found that intrinsic apoptosis and mitochondrial impairment were promoted in B∆tbcm-infected BMDMs. B∆tbcm down-regulates the expression of Bcl-2, which leads to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), culminating in cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Consistent with this, transcriptome profiling also indicated that B∆tbcm infection is more closely related to altered mitochondrial-related gene expression than wild-type BCG infection, suggesting an inhibitory role of TBCM in mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, genetic complementation of B∆tbcm (C∆tbcm) restored its capacity to inhibit mitochondria-mediated apoptotic cell death.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate the contribution of TBCM to bacterial survival, inhibiting intrinsic apoptotic cell death of macrophages as a virulence factor of M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains, which could be a potential target for the development of TB therapy.
Human super antibody to viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase produced by a modified Sortase self-cleave-bacteria surface display system
Authors: Glab-ampai Kantaphon , Mahasongkram Kodchakorn , Chulanetra Monrat , Saenlom Thanatsaran , Thueng-in Kanyarat , Sookrung Nitat , Chaicumpa Wanpen
Published: December 2023

Background

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is a good target of anti-RNA virus agents; not only it is pivotal for the RNA virus replication cycle and highly conserved among RNA viruses across different families, but also lacks human homolog. Recently, human single-chain antibody (HuscFv) that bound to thumb domain of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (functionalized NS5B protein) was produced and engineered into cell-penetrating antibody (super antibody) in the form of cell-penetrating peptide (penetratin, PEN)-linked HuscFv (PEN-HuscFv34). The super antibody was produced and purified from inclusion body (IB) of a pen-huscfv34-vector-transformed Escherichia coli. The super antibody inhibited replication of alpha- and beta- coronaviruses, flaviviruses, and picornaviruses that were tested (broadly effective); thus, it has high potential for developing further towards a pan-anti-RNA virus agent. However, production, purification, and refolding of the super antibody molecules from the bacterial IB are laborious and hurdles to large-scale production. Therefore, in this study, Sortase-self-cleave method and bacteria surface display system were combined and modified for the super antibody production.

Methods and results

BL21 (DE3) ΔA E. coli, a strain lacking predominant outer membrane protein (OmpA) and ion and OmpT proteases, that displayed a membrane-anchored fusion protein, i.e., chimeric lipoprotein (Lpp′)-OmpA′, SUMO, Sortase protease, Sortase cleavage site (LPET↓G) and PEN-HuscFv34-6× His was generated. The soluble PEN-HuscFv34-6× His with glycine at the N-terminus could be released from the E. coli surface, simply by incubating the bacterial cells in a Sortase-cleavage buffer. After centrifugation, the G-PEN-HuscFv34-6× His could be purified from the supernatant. The purified G-PEN-HuscFv34-6× retained original cell-penetrating ability (being super antibody) and the broadly effective anti-RNA virus activity of the original IB-derived-PEN-HuscFv34.

Conclusion

The functionalized super antibody to RNA virus RdRp was successfully produced by using combined Sortase self-cleave and bacterial surface display systems with modification. The display system is suitable for downstream processing in a large-scale production of the super antibody. It is applicable also for production of other recombinant proteins in soluble free-folding form.
Clinical applications and utility of ctDNA in cervical cancer and its precursor lesions: from screening to predictive biomarker
Authors: Li Li , Tong Yixin , Wu Jianhong , Xu Xiangshang
Published: December 2023

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of gynecological cancer death in the world. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most causative factor of cervical cancer. In addition, many genetic factors are involved in cervical cancer development. Most studies focus on cervical samples to do research work about cervical cancer and precancerous lesions, but no sensitive or specific biomarkers were found. High-throughput genomic technologies are able to capture information from tumors and precancerous lesions in blood, thus providing a new way for the early diagnosis of cervical precancer and cervical cancer. Blood is an ideal specimen for detecting cancer biomarkers because it contains a lot of information, such as circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). This article reviews the clinical use and challenges of blood ctDNA testing in patients with cervical precancer and cervical cancer.
Utilising quantitative methods to study the intersectionality of multiple social disadvantages in women with common mental disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Alghamdi Nadia Alhamd , Dunn Kirsty , Cairns Deborah , Melville Craig
Published: December 2023

Women are at greater risk of common mental disorders. The intersectionality concept provides a framework to examine the effects of multiple social disadvantages on women’s mental health. We conducted a systematic review to collect and analyse information to identify the quantitative methodologies and study designs used in intersectional research to examine women’s mental health and multiple social disadvantages. Included studies used accepted statistical methods to explore the intersectional effects of gender and one or more types of social disadvantage from the PROGRESS-Plus inequity framework: a place of residence, race/ethnicity, occupation, gender/ sex, religion, education, socioeconomic status, social capital (O’Neill et al. J Clin Epidemiol 67:56–64, 2014). The scope of this systematic review was limited to studies that analysed common mental disorders in women and men comparatively. Studies focusing on only one gender were excluded, ensuring a comprehensive comparative analysis of the intersection of social disadvantages in mental health.

Twelve papers were included in the narrative synthesis (Table 1). Eight of the included papers (67%) reported an intersectional effect of gender and one or more additional types of social disadvantage. The multiplicative effect of gender and socioeconomic status on the risk of common mental disorders was the most commonly reported interaction. This systematic review shows that multiplicative and simultaneous interactions of multiple social disadvantage increase the risk of common mental disorders experienced by women. Moreover, it underlines the potential for quantitative research methods to complement qualitative intersectionality research on gender and mental health. The findings of this systematic review highlight the importance of multiple social disadvantage in understanding the increased risk of mental health experienced by women.
Biodegradable nano black phosphorus based SDF1-α delivery system ameliorates Erectile Dysfunction in a cavernous nerve injury rat model by recruiting endogenous stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Fu Qingfeng , Song Lujie , Li Jitao , Yi Bocun , Huang Yue , Zhang Zhihong , Xin Zhongcheng , Zhu Jianqiang
Published: December 2023

Stem cell (SC) therapy has been shown high prospects in erectile dysfunction (ED) treatment. Without ethical issues and risks of immune rejection and tumorigenesis of exogenous SC therapy, endogenous stem/progenitor cells (S/PCs) have a better potential for ED management, and their homing and redistribution are controlled by SDF1-α/CXCR4 axis. Considering black phosphorus nanosheet (BPNS) has emerged as an efficient and safe drug vehicle due to its large surface area, biodegradability, and the ability to retain and slowly release its loaded drugs, BPNS is utilized to load SDF1-α, a chemokine for S/PCs, to construct the BP@SDF1-α complex to efficiently recruit stem cells (SCs) by injury-site injection and thus ameliorate ED within the bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI) rat models. We find that BP@SDF1-α can efficiently recruit exogenous SCs and endogenous S/PCs to corpus cavernosum and main pelvic ganglion (MPG) by local administration. Of note, ascribing to endogenous S/PCs recruitment, it also successfully alleviates ED in BCNI rat models by enhancing the protein expression levels of α-SMA, CD31, and nNOs, and eliciting less collagen deposition in the penis after its combined injection at corpus cavernosum and MPG. Thus, this study provides a new insight into the treatment of ED with endogenous S/PCs.

Biodegradable Nano Black Phosphorus based SDF1-α delivery system ameliorates Erectile Dysfunction in a cavernous nerve Injury Rat Model by recruiting endogenous Stem/Progenitor cells
Living evidence and adaptive policy: perfect partners?
Authors: Turner Tari , Lavis John N. , Grimshaw Jeremy M. , Green Sally , Elliott Julian
Published: December 2023

Background

While there has been widespread global acceptance of the importance of evidence-informed policy, many opportunities to inform health policy with research are missed, often because of a mismatch between when and where reliable evidence is needed, and when and where it is available. ‘Living evidence’ is an approach where systematic evidence syntheses (e.g. living reviews, living guidelines, living policy briefs, etc.) are continually updated to incorporate new relevant evidence as it becomes available. Living evidence approaches have the potential to overcome a major barrier to evidence-informed policy, making up-to-date systematic summaries of policy-relevant research available at any time that policy-makers need them. These approaches are likely to be particularly beneficial given increasing calls for policy that is responsive, and rapidly adaptive to changes in the policy context.

We describe the opportunities presented by living evidence for evidence-informed policy-making and highlight areas for further exploration.

Discussion

There are several elements of living approaches to evidence synthesis that might support increased and improved use of evidence to inform policy. Reviews are explicitly prioritised to be ‘living’ by partnerships between policy-makers and researchers based on relevance to decision-making, as well as uncertainty of existing evidence, and likelihood that new evidence will arise. The ongoing nature of the work means evidence synthesis teams can be dynamic and engage with policy-makers in a variety of ways over time; and synthesis topics, questions and methods can be adapted as policy interests or contextual factors shift. Policy-makers can sign-up to be notified when relevant new evidence is found, and can be confident that living syntheses are up-to-date and contain all research whenever they access them. The always up-to-date nature of living evidence syntheses means producers can rapidly demonstrate availability of relevant, reliable evidence when it is needed, addressing a frequently cited barrier to evidence-informed policymaking.

Conclusions

While there are challenges to be overcome, living evidence provides opportunities to enable policy-makers to access up-to-date evidence whenever they need it and also enable researchers to respond to the issues of the day with up-to-date research; and update policy-makers on changes in the evidence base as they arise. It also provides an opportunity to build flexible partnerships between researchers and policy-makers to ensure that evidence syntheses reflect the changing needs of policy-makers.
Integrated plasma metabolomics and lipidomics profiling highlights distinctive signature of hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV patients
Authors: Caponigro Vicky , Tornesello Anna L. , Merciai Fabrizio , La Gioia Danila , Salviati Emanuela , Basilicata Manuela G. , Musella Simona , Izzo Francesco , Megna Angelo S. , Buonaguro Luigi , Sommella Eduardo , Buonaguro Franco M. , Tornesello Maria L. , Campiglia Pietro
Published: December 2023

Background

Early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is essential towards the improvement of prognosis and patient survival. Circulating markers such as α-fetoprotein (AFP) and micro-RNAs represent useful tools but still have limitations. Identifying new markers can be fundamental to improve both diagnosis and prognosis. In this approach, we harness the potential of metabolomics and lipidomics to uncover potential signatures of HCC.

Methods

A combined untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics plasma profiling of 102 HCV-positive patients was performed by HILIC and RP-UHPLC coupled to Mass Spectrometry. Biochemical parameters of liver function (AST, ALT, GGT) and liver cancer biomarkers (AFP, CA19.9 e CEA) were evaluated by standard assays.

Results

HCC was characterized by an elevation of short and long-chain acylcarnitines, asymmetric dimethylarginine, methylguanine, isoleucylproline and a global reduction of lysophosphatidylcholines. A supervised PLS-DA model showed that the predictive accuracy for HCC class of metabolomics and lipidomics was superior to AFP for the test set (100.00% and 94.40% vs 55.00%). Additionally, the model was applied to HCC patients with AFP values < 20 ng/mL, and, by using only the top 20 variables selected by VIP scores achieved an Area Under Curve (AUC) performance of 0.94.

Conclusion

These exploratory findings highlight how metabo-lipidomics enables the distinction of HCC from chronic HCV conditions. The identified biomarkers have high diagnostic potential and could represent a viable tool to support and assist in HCC diagnosis, including AFP-negative patients.

Graphical abstract
Outcomes of carbon ion radiotherapy compared with segmentectomy for ground glass opacity-dominant early-stage lung cancer
Authors: Mizobuchi Teruaki , Nomoto Akihiro , Wada Hironobu , Yamamoto Naoyoshi , Nakajima Mio , Fujisawa Takehiko , Suzuki Hidemi , Yoshino Ichiro
Published: December 2023

Purpose

This study aimed to compare the outcomes of patients with ground-grass opacity (GGO)-dominant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were treated with carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) versus segmentectomy.

Methods

A retrospective review of medical records was conducted. The study included 123 cases of clinical stage 0/IA peripheral NSCLC treated with single-fraction CIRT from 2003 to 2012, 14 of which were determined to be GGO-dominant and were assigned to CIRT group. As a control, 48 consecutive patients who underwent segmentectomy for peripheral GGO-dominant clinical stage IA NSCLC were assigned to segmentectomy group.

Results

The patients in CIRT group, compared with segmentectomy group, were significantly older (75 ± 7.2 vs. 65 ± 8.2 years, P = 0.000660), more likely to be male (13/14 vs. 22/48, P = 0.00179), and had a lower forced vital capacity (91 ± 19% vs. 110 ± 13%, P = 0.0173). There was a significant difference in the 5-years overall survival rate (86% vs. 96%, P = 0.000860), but not in the 5-years disease-specific survival rate (93% vs. 98%, P = 0.368).

Discussion

Compared with segmentectomy, CIRT may be an alternative option for patients with early GGO-dominant NSCLC who are poor candidates for, or who refuse, surgery.
Virtual machine placement in energy aware load balancer using fog classifier
Authors: Selvaganapathy S. , Chinnadurai M.
Published: December 2023

Cloud datacenter carries huge volume of data and tasks which is allocating resources to multiple workstations. Most of the cloud services are operating service level agreement (SLA) placements. During execution datacenter emits carbon and makes the energy. So operation cost always consideration fact. We need to address this challenge by using energy aware load balancer. This load balancer can be fixed in Virtual Machines (VM) and Classifier is required for selecting VMs. Employing the VMs is very important factor so fog enabled services is required for distributed geo physical load balancer with energy efficiency. In this paper we propose offloading VM services and Fog classifier for load balancing the cloud services. Placing the VM from one host to another we use Host Load Balancer with Energy Aware placement algorithm. In this case dynamical cloud environment can be tested and compare the host results. This is empirical approach for place the VMs without compromising the users. The simulations are done by using CloudSim and TensorFlow is used of generating deep belief network model for preparing VM placement. Our proposed method achieves 96% energy efficiency with minimum migration cost. The results are compared with existing placement methods based on active host availability.
The role of SVOCs in the initial film formation and soiling of unvarnished paintings
Authors: Grøntoft Terje , Cutajar Jan Dariusz
Published: December 2023

In recent years increased research efforts and environmental improvements have been directed towards the preventive conservation of the monumental, unvarnished oil paintings on canvas (1909–1916) by Edvard Munch (1863–1944) housed in the University of Oslo Aula. Surface soiling of the paintings has been a documented issue since their display, and the modern-day effect of air-borne particulates and gases on the painting surfaces remains hitherto undocumented. For the first time in the Aula, this study has measured the in-situ time-dependent mass deposit of air pollution onto vertical surfaces over the period of one year (2021–2022). Concomitant measurements of the concentrations of ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were also taken, to complement periodic data from 2020. The mass deposit was measured through incremental weight changes of Teflon membrane filters, and quartz filters for analysis of elemental/organic carbon (EC/OC), whilst the gaseous pollutants were measured using passive gas samplers. Indoor-to-outdoor ratios (I/O) for O3 were noted to be higher than those suggested by earlier data, whereas NO2 I/O ratios were found to be lower, indicating a stronger oxidising atmosphere in the Aula. Just over half of the deposited mass on the quartz filters was found to be OC, with no EC detected. Surprisingly, an overall decrease in the mass deposit from three to twelve months was measured on the Teflon membrane filters. It was hypothesised, based on models reported in the literature, that the source of the OC on the filters was mainly gaseous, semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), which were present in an adsorption/desorption equilibrium that was dependent on possible SVOC emission episodes, relative humidity levels, gaseous oxidative reactions and the particulate matter deposit. A simple mathematical model is proposed to rationalise the observed mass deposits on the filters, together with a discussion of uncertainties affecting the measurements. The hypothesis preliminarily indicates the possible and previously unconsidered role of SVOCs on the initial film formation of soiling layers on the Aula paintings, and could bear implications for their monitoring in the preventive care of unvarnished oil paintings on canvas.
Meta-analysis of the survival rate and postoperative infection rate of primary and secondary implants after vascularized fibula transplantation for reconstruction of jaw defects
Authors: Liu Yi-bo , Wu Di , Wang Jun-yi , Lun Xiao-han , Dai Wei
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Vascularized fibula flap transplantation is the most effective and common method to repair the jaw defects. In addition, implantation is the first choice to restore dentition on the graft fibula. Implants are usually implanted at least 6 months after fibula transplantation. Primary implantation of implants during surgery can restore the dentition earlier, but whether this method can achieve the same restorative effect as secondary implantation is still uncertain. This article aims to compare the survival rate and complications between primary and secondary implantation through meta-analysis.

Methods

This meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA protocol and the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) according to established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted to compare the survival rate and postoperative infection rate of primary and secondary implantation.

Results

Seven studies were involved in our research, involving 186 patients. Five of the studies detailed implant success in 106 patients (primary implantation 50, secondary implantation 56), and four studies documented infection after implantation in 117 patients (primary implantation 52, secondary implantation 65); the survival rate of the primary implantation was 93.3%, and the incidence of postoperative infection was 17.3%. The survival rate of the secondary implantation was 93.4%, and 23.1% had postoperative infection. Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the survival rate between primary implantation and secondary implantation, OR = 0.813 (95% CI 0.383–1.725, P = 0.589 > 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative infection, OR = 0.614 (95% CI 0.239–1.581, P = 0.312 > 0.05).

Conclusions

Based on the results of this study, the research found no significant difference in the survival rate or infection rates between primary and secondary implantation. After appropriate indications selection, primary implantation can be used to reconstruct the dentition with less waiting time, reduce the impact of radiotherapy, and bring a higher quality of life for patients.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Rituximab Maintenance in Young Patients With Mantle-Cell Lymphoma Included in the LYMA Trial: A LYSA Study
Authors: Sarkozy Clémentine , Thieblemont Catherine , Oberic Lucie , Moreau Anne , Bouabdallah Krimo , Damaj Gandhi , Gastinne Thomas , Tessoulin Benoit , Ribrag Vincent , Casasnovas Olivier , Haioun Corinne , Houot Roch , Jardin Fabrice , Van Den Neste Eric , Cheminant Morgane , Morschhauser Franck , Callanan Mary , Safar Violaine , Gressin Remy , Hermine Olivier , Le Gouill Steven
Published: December 2023

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned coprimary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical trial updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.

The LYMA trial demonstrated the benefit of rituximab maintenance (RM) in first-line young patients with mantle-cell lymphoma. In this prolonged follow-up of 7.5 years (95% CI, 7.4 to 7.7) from inclusion, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for the full population were not reached (NR) with a 7-year PFS of 55.5% (95% CI, 49.5 to 61) and OS of 69.5% (95% CI, 63.8 to 74.5). The EFS remained statistically superior in favor of RM (median NR v 5.8 years, P < .0001; HR, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.52 to 0.6] and 7-year estimate, 76.2% versus 46% for RM and observation, respectively). Similarly, RM prolonged PFS (estimated PFS at 7 years, 78.5% v 47.4% and HR, 0.36 [95% CI, 0.23 to 0.56] for RM and observation, respectively, P < .0001). The 7-year OS estimate was 83.2% versus 72.2%, respectively ( P = .088, HR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.37 to 1.08]). Cause of death was not significantly distinct between the two groups, with lymphoma being the leading cause with a very low rate of infection-related death. Overall, the PFS benefit of RM after autologous stem cell transplantation remains after 7-year follow-up, and RM was not associated with an increase in infection-related mortality, making this strategy a safe standard of care with long-term follow-up.
Bardoxolone Methyl Ameliorates Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Activation of Phosphorylated Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in the Dorsal Root Ganglia
Authors: Kim Hee Kee , Wang Qi , Hwang Seon-Hee , Dougherty Patrick M. , Wang Jing , Abdi Salahadin
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:

Many chemotherapeutic drugs, including paclitaxel, produce neuropathic pain in patients with cancer, which is a dose-dependent adverse effect. Such chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP) is difficult to treat with existing drugs. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a major regulator of antioxidative responses and activates phosphorylated Nrf2 (pNrf2). We determined the analgesic effects of bardoxolone methyl (BM), an Nrf2 activator, and the role of pNrf2 on CINP.

METHODS:

CINP was induced in rats by intraperitoneally injecting paclitaxel on 4 alternate days in rats. BM was injected systemically as single or repeated injections after pain fully developed. RNA transcriptome, mechanical hyperalgesia, levels of inflammatory mediators and pNrf2, and location of pNrf2 in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were measured by RNA sequencing, von Frey filaments, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry in rats and human DRG samples. In addition, the mitochondrial functions in 50B11 DRG neuronal cells were measured by fluorescence assay.

RESULTS:

Our RNA transcriptome of CINP rats showed a downregulated Nrf2 pathway in the pain condition. Importantly, single and repeated systemic injections of BM ameliorated CINP. Paclitaxel increased inflammatory mediators, but BM decreased them and increased pNrf2 in the DRG. In addition, paclitaxel decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial volume in 50B11 cells, but BM restored them. Furthermore, pNrf2 was expressed in neurons and satellite cells in rat and human DRG.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our results demonstrate the analgesic effects of BM by Nrf2 activation and the fundamental role of pNrf2 on CINP, suggesting a target for CINP and a therapeutic strategy for patients.
Adorno's Problematic Entanglement with Blackness
Authors: Kelly Michael
Published: December 2023

Black aesthetics and Adornian aesthetics both articulate and embody what Hortense Spillers calls the “critical edge” of culture and art, and there is a recent history of Black aestheticians engaging creatively with Adorno. Today, however, any constructive dialogue between these aesthetic traditions depends on whether Adorno's aesthetics can be decoupled from the antiblack racism in the genealogy of Western aesthetics and whether Adorno's negative dialectics can be reconciled to the transformative force of art, as that force is as central in Black aesthetics as is the negative dialectics of art. Critically focusing on Adorno's discussion of “the ideal of blackness” in Aesthetic Theory, this article will argue that such decoupling remains incomplete, that he resolutely did not believe in the transformative force of art, and that these issues are connected, at least in Adorno's case. This article simultaneously demonstrates how Black thinkers—Frederick Douglass, W. E. B. Du Bois, Angela Y. Davis, Fred Moten, Fumi Okiji, and Spillers—have long offered exemplary accounts of art that combine its negative dialectics, critical edge, and transformative force while defying the antiblack racism in Western aesthetics.
Americanas S.A.: os perigos ocultos da má governança corporativa
Authors: Machado Costa José Alexandre , Yoshinaga Claudia Emiko , Castro Martins Henrique
Published: December 2023

Neste estudo faz-se uma análise dos desafios da governança corporativa com foco no recente rombo financeiro envolvendo as Americanas S.A., um dos maiores grupos varejistas do Brasil. A governança, quando não adequada, pode trazer sérias implicações, incluindo impactos econômicos e perdas financeiras para investidores, com danos à confiança pública. Revelou-se uma possível fraude contábil estimada em mais de R$25 bilhões, com acusações diretas à estrutura de governança anterior da empresa a qual, por sua vez, alegava seguir boas práticas de governança. Levanta questões importantes como o papel da estrutura de governança e a influência de renomados controladores nos riscos financeiros.
EDUCATIONAL AND RESEARCH PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE CYBERPHYSICAL SYSTEM
Authors: Avetisyan Tatiana V. , Lvovich Ksenia I. , Lvovich Emma M.
Published: December 2023

In the existing conditions in various companies, it is possible to observe an increase in the complexity of automation of many processes. Therefore, there is a need for distributed automated systems. They are required to work under conditions of limited real-time control and communication in production processes. Cyberphysical systems imply a fully synergetic integration of computing and control with physical devices and processes. In addition, the introduction of a cyber-physical system into the automated systems of the enterprise will provide opportunities for combining automated process control. Due to the automated management of production and the enterprise as a whole, it is possible to form a managed system, from order to implementation. It is proposed to form an educational and research system for working with the cyberphysical system. The intellectual support of specialists within cyber-physical systems is related to the corresponding efficiency requirements. An illustration of the scheme of an educational and research system for personnel management in a cyberphysical system is presented. The diagram of the training subsystem is shown. Instrumental examination within the research subsystem provides opportunities to implement the creation of an information support structure. An illustration of the scheme of the research subsystem of analysis is presented. Structures for conducting automated modeling of processes inside a cyberphysical system are shown.
SOCIETAL-METABOLIC SYSTEM OF THE STATE: EXPERIENCE OF SYNTHETIC RESEARCH. THE ELECTRONIC MANUAL
Authors: Kokurina Olga Yu.
Published: December 2023

This electronic manual presents a number of theoretical and methodological tools based on the key concept: “societal (social) metabolism.” In summary, the synthetic concept of societal metabolism goes beyond the perspective of traditional social sciences by contextualizing the biophysical dimension of metabolic exchange between society and nature. Distancing from reductionist approaches, the interdisciplinary concept of societal metabolism recognizes the importance of mutual connections and interactions of factors of material and social exchange, within the framework of established individual and group social practices in the life of society. The electronic manual will be useful to undergraduate and graduate students studying social and political sciences, and to anyone interested in the theory and practice of applying interdisciplinary approaches to social science problems.
Development of a Methodology for Calculating Reserves for Wages in Modern Economic Conditions
Authors: Sidorenko O. , Gamidova N. , Shabannikova N. , Sergeeva S.
Published: December 2023

Recently, significant changes have been made to Russian accounting standards. They are aimed at improving the information content of financial statements and fair valuation of the assets and liabilities of the company. In this regard, the accounting procedure, including settlements with personnel, has become more complicated. All organizations, except small businesses, are required to form estimated liabilities. These include provisions for wages. That is, the financial statements must reflect upcoming payments, the implementation of which cannot be avoided. The author examined the criteria for their compliance with the conditions for classification as estimated liabilities, proposed a classification of approaches for calculating the corresponding reserves, as well as methods for determining the amounts for remuneration for length of service and at the end of the year.
Designing a Financial Literacy Course for Universities Using the Mind Mapping Methodology
Authors: MUKHAMETDINOVA S. , TYUMENTSEVA E.
Published: December 2023

One of the most urgent problems of modern Russia is the problem of insufficient financial literacy of the population in the field of effective management of personal funds, the use of banking products and investment instruments. Teaching financial literacy to university students, as the most promising part of the youth, is the most important task facing the higher education system of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to design a financial literacy course for universities using the Mind mapping methodology based on the results of a sociological survey of Omsk university student.
Formation of bachelors of pedagogical education skills in organization of control measures at elective courses in informatics
Authors: Zubrilin Andrej
Published: December 2023

Elective courses play an important role in the profile education of high school students. Thanks to them, it is possible to expand or deepen the knowledge and skills of schoolchildren in a particular subject area, prepare them for choosing a profession or passing the state final certification. An important place in elective courses is occupied by control measures, with the help of which the teacher both determines the level of readiness of students to pass the elective and assesses the success of the student in mastering the course material. In this regard, the future teacher must master the methodology for organizing elective courses, including the ability to develop or select materials for control activities. Taking into account the transition of education in pedagogical universities to the “Core of Higher Pedagogical Education”, it becomes difficult to prepare for elective courses in computer science. Therefore, the article shows one of the ways for students to master the skills of organizing and conducting elective courses through one of the university disciplines. The development of tasks for control measures, designed by students in the study of university discipline, is given.
Evaluation of the Complexity of Formulas and Methods Used in Solving School Tasks on Mechanics
Authors: Mayer R.
Published: December 2023

The problem of estimating the complexity of formulas and methods used in solving school tasks in mechanics is considered. A content analysis of standard school textbooks and tasks books was car-ried out, all formulas on mechanics were written out and 9 topics were identified, each of which corresponds to its own method of solving tasks. To assess the semantic complexity, the formulas were encoded with a verbal code and presented in a text file Formuli.txt . The complexity of the concepts denoting physical quantities is evaluated separately; their list is placed in a file Slovar.txt. With the help of a special computer program, the semantic complexities of formulas (or their corresponding theoretical propositions) are determined, and the coefficient of information folding is calculated for each ones. At that the difference between formulas-definitions and formulas expressing functional dependencies was taken into account. The distributions of formulas and methods in the space of their characteristic features are analyzed. This made it possible to identify the most com-plex formulas and methods for solving tasks in mechanics. The number of formulas in each method is also taken into account, the choice uncertainty of formulas and the corresponding complexity of the choice in the independent solution of a single-formula task are estimated. It is shown how the choice uncertainty of formulas can be taken into account when solving two- and three-formula tasks.