bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short term outcome of primary un-cemented total hip arthroplasty in osteonecrosis of femoral head
Authors: Rather Mohmad Nawaz , Mir Wajahat Ahmad , Khan Shahid Shabir , Mir Naseer Ahmad , Ali Nadeem
Published: April 2021

Background: Osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) is characterised by cell death in the subchondral bone caused by abnormalities of blood flow to the femoral head. About 5% to 13% of arthroplasties are performed yearly for ONFH in United States. Ficat and Arlet classification is the commonest system used for grading of ONFH. Advanced stages 3 and 4 are best managed with total hip arthroplasty (THA). THA restores hip range of movement and allows early ambulation in ONFH.

Methods: After seeking approval from local institutional ethical committee 25 patients with stage 3 and stage 4 ONFH (Ficat and Arlet) were admitted from OPD of SKIMS MC and Hospital Bemina, Srinagar. The study was conducted from February 2018 to February 2020 in department of Orthopaedics SKIMS MC and Hospital Bemina, Srinagar.  25 patients with mean age of 50.64 years comprising of 13 females and 12 males with unilateral osteonecrosis of femoral head with collapsed head underwent uncemented total hip arthroplasty and were followed up to a minimum of 1 year post-operatively.

Results: Outcome was evaluated by comparing pre-operative and post-operative Harris hip scores. The average Harris hip scores improved from 65.87 in the pre-operative group to 96.54 at 1-year follow-up post-operatively. Marked improvement was noted in pain scores. No revisions were performed during the study. One patient developed superficial surgical site infection which healed with supervised dressings and oral antibiotics.

Conclusions: Uncemented THA has excellent short-term outcomes in advanced stages of ONFH. It provides mobile hip joint and pain free ambulation shortly after surgery.
Deep vein thrombosis prevention with triad of soluble aspirin, pneumatic compression device and early mobilization in surgically managed proximal femur fracture: an observational study
Authors: Deepak Dilip Kumar , Singh Anuj
Published: April 2021

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of regime of thromboprophylaxis including soluble aspirin, pneumatic compression devices and early mobilization in prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with patients of proximal femoral fracture managed by internal fixation.

Methods: The study was an observational study conducted at tertiary care hospital of Indian armed forces with sample size of n= 50, diagnosed case of fracture proximal femur and managed operatively with soluble aspirin and pneumatic compression devices and early mobilization. Patients were observed and evaluated periodically for 12 weeks post discharge with colour doppler assessment.

Results: The findings at end of 2 Week, n=1 (2%, p<0.003) had findings suggested of DVT and n=49 (98%) had no signs of DVT. Next periodic evaluation at 6 weeks and 12 weeks n=50 (100% p<0.001) was devoid of any doppler findings suggestive of DVT.

Conclusions: The observational prospective study demonstrated the triad of soluble aspirin, pneumatic compression and early mobilization were efficacious in prevention of DVT in surgically managed cases of fracture proximal femur.
Does vitamin D3 supplementation improve medial joint space narrowing in patients with osteoarthritis knee
Authors: Bharadwaj Rahul , Sharma Vipin , Singh Narinder , Bansal Rishabh , Singh Virender
Published: April 2021

Background: Although vitamin D3 levels are known to improve pain and knee function in patients with knee OA, no clear evidence is available regarding relation between improvement in medial joint space with improvement in vitamin D3 levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of vitamin D3 supplements in improving joint space in the patients with OA knee.

Methods: 100 patients with OA Knee who fulfilled inclusion criteria and consented to participate were enrolled for study. Patients of OA Knee were blinded and randomized to receive either tablet vitamin D3 or identical placebo tablet. Vitamin D3 Tab was administered in a dose of 60000U/week for 3 months in 12 doses while placebo tablets with identical dosing schedule were used for control group. The patients who received vitamin D3 tablets were allocated to case group while those receiving identical placebo tablets were grouped as controls. The vitamin D3 levels and medial joint space were assessed at baseline, 3 mo, 6mo and 1 year in both the groups.

Results: In two groups of patients of OA knee of 50 patients each vitamin D3 supplementation increased levels of vitamin D3 in case group. While no significant improvement in joint space narrowing was noted with vitamin D3 supplementation in case group. Also no significant correlation was observed between vitamin D3 levels and medial joint space narrowing.

Conclusions: There was no improvement in medial knee joint space with vitamin D3 supplementation.
Functional outcome of comminuted upper metaphyseal tibial fracture treated with circular external fixators
Authors: Patel Parth , Singh Harpreet , Agarwal Kamal Kumar , Patel Tilak , Saoji Krushna , Patel Dhruv
Published: April 2021

Background: High speed motor vehicle accidents are on the rise over the past few years. These are responsible for most of the complex fractures of the tibial metaphysic. Proper treatment of these fractures is of paramount importance. The use of circular fixators for the definitive treatment of such fractures entails a minimally invasive technique of insertion that gives good fracture reduction and stability combined with minimal postoperative complications.

Methods: This study was prospective and conducted over 22 patients diagnosed with upper comminuted metaphyseal tibial fracture treated with circular external fixator.

Results: In this series, all 22 patients (100%) were male. Fourteen cases (64%) involved the left tibia and eight (36%) fractures were on right. The mean patient age was 49.5 years (range 26-75). Road traffic collisions accounted for most of the injuries (n=14), while fall from bike (n=8). In this study, using knee society score evaluation, excellent results (KSS>80) were seen in 8 patients (36.36%), good results (KSS 70-79) were seen in 10 patients (45.45%), fair (KSS 60-69) in 4 patient (18.18%) and poor (KSS< 60) in 0 patient (0%). Complication seen was pin tract infection in 2 patients (9.9%), which was managed by regular pin site dressings. Another complication was non-union in 1 patient (4.54%). No other complication was encountered.

Conclusions: Circular external fixation is a promising modality for surgical treatment of comminuted upper metaphyseal tibial fractures. It allows satisfactory realignment of the fractured fragments and their stabilization, besides early mobilization of the joints and care of associated soft tissue injuries, without significant complications.
An assessment of the C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and white blood cell count, values during the post-operative period of infected tibial nonunions treated with antibiotic- loaded PMMA-coated nails
Authors: Dırvar Ferdi , Özcafer Raşit , Beng Kubilay
Published: April 2021

In this study, our aim was to assess the changes in the serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell count (WBC) values during the follow-up period of infected tibial pseudoarthrosis treated using antibiotic-loaded nails. Three patients with infected femoral nonunions and 11 patients with infected tibial nonunions were included in the study. All patients were treated with intramedullary nails coated with antibiotic-loaded PMMA after local extensive debridement. Postoperatively, parenteral antibiotic therapy was administered. The CRP, ESR and WBC values were noted preoperatively and on the first day, and then on the second, sixth, and 12th weeks postoperatively. The changes in these values over time were analyzed comparatively. The preoperative CRP level was found to be significantly lower than the early postoperative period (1st day), while no significant differences were detected during the follow-up period. The CRP level constantly decreased between the first postoperative control (1st day) and the final follow-up time (12th week). The postoperative ESR showed a significant difference when compared to the preoperative value, and also showed a decreasing trend in the postoperative period, having its highest value on the first day. The WBC did not exhibit a significant difference when comparing the preoperative and postoperative values. C-reactive protein level and ESR can be used to monitor the adequacy of the treatment after antibiotic-loaded nail application, whereas WBC may be insufficient in the diagnosis and follow-up of osteomyelitis treated with antibiotic-loaded nails.
Extra-articular distal tibia fibula fracture managed with single posterolateral approach: a case report
Authors: Mahajan Neetin P. , G. S. Prasanna Kumar , Patil Tushar C. , Pande Kartik P. , Pawar Harish
Published: April 2021

Extra-articular distal tibia fractures involve distal tibia approximately 4 cm within tibia plafond with no articular extension. The proper preoperative care, planning and selection of surgical approach is very essential to prevent postoperative wound-related complications. We present a case of a 29 year female patient, presented with left ankle pain and swelling with a wound over the medial aspect of the ankle. X-ray of the left ankle showed extra-articular distal tibia fibula fracture with no neurovascular deficit. We managed both the fractures with open reduction and internal fixation using a single posterolateral approach. At present 1 year follow-up, the patient is having a good range of ankle motion with radiological union with no implant failure and wound-related complications. Extra-articular distal tibia fibula fracture fixation using single posterolateral approach is a viable alternative approach to medial or anterolateral approach in cases of medial or anterior soft tissue problems. It helps in getting a better functional outcome, early mobilisation with less wound-related complications.
Radius-ulna shaft fracture with distal radioulnar joint instability in a case of ipsilateral malunited colles fracture: a case report
Authors: Mahajan Neetin P. , G. S. Prasanna Kumar , Jadhav Kishor , Pande Kartik , Patil Tushar
Published: April 2021

Malunion of the distal end of radius is a known consequence of the conservative management. The functional impairment depends on the severity of the deformity and it can be associated with distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability. Subsequent radius ulna fracture in an elderly osteoporotic patient is a challenging task to manage. A 60 year old female patient came with radius ulna shaft fracture with DRUJ instability with ipsilateral malunited distal radius fracture. We managed with open reduction and internal fixation using 3.5 mm locking compression plate (LCP) with ulnar shortening and K wires for DRUJ. At one year, follow-up, patient is having good clinical and radiological outcome without any complications. Radius ulna shaft fracture in cases of malunited colles fracture with positive ulnar variance with DRUJ instability can be managed well with open reduction and internal fixation of radius-ulna shaft which provides stable fixation, ulnar shortening at the fracture site to maintain the neutral/negative ulnar variance and DRUJ fixation using K wires. Use of multiple vicryl sutures to tie the plate to the bone gives additional stability in osteoporotic bones till the fracture unites and prevents implant failure. Combination of the above mentioned procedures helps in getting good functional outcome in elderly osteoporotic patients.
Productivity and Energy Intensity in Latin America
Authors: Yépez Ariel , San Vicente Portes Luis , Guerrero Santiago
Published: April 2021

Within an industrial setting, what would ones conjecture be about the relation between Energy Intensity (EI) and productivity? Could higher Energy use be associated to more capital intensive processes, and thus higher output (per worker)? Or Ceteris paribus, are productivity indicators inversely associated with energy intensity? So that more productive firms or industries tend also to be more energy efficient. The nature of this question is multifold as there are historical, geographical, institutional, developmental, and policy variables that jointly affect industrial development as well as a nations energy supply. This study seeks to assess the relationship between these variables in the industrial sector of four Latin American countries. Under alternative measures of productivity, namely, average labor productivity and total factor productivity (TFP), we find a statistically negative relationship between productivity and Energy intensity.
Advanced System Control with Traffic Handling for Secure Communication in IoT Routing Protocol
Authors: Sri Kurra Santhi , Krishna Komanduri Venkata Sesha Sai Rama , Madamanchi Venkata Bhujanga Rao , Devi Gondi Yasoda
Published: April 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) can simply be referred to as the network of things comprising software, sensors, electronics, allowing data to be collected and transmitted. The next step in the field of technology is the Internet of Things, bringing tremendous improvements to manufacturing, medicine, environmental treatment, and urban growth. In shaping this vision, multiple challenges need to be faced, such as technology interoperability problems, protection and data confidentiality standards and, last but not least, the implementation of energy efficient management systems. These devices with minimal human interference are capable of producing, sharing and consuming data. The networking of related as well as heterogeneous devices is often known to be IoT. The Internet of Things allows things to connect and interact with each other, thus minimizing human involvement in simple daily tasks. Addressing protection at all times or at any position for many users, companies, governments, and enterprises is really necessary and responsive. In this paper a secure IOT architecture for routing in a network with RPL Rapid Node Link Routing (RNLR) Model is proposed that performs traffic management and traffic analysis for secure communication using IoT routing protocol. It mainly aims to locate the malicious users in a IOT routing protocols. the proposed mechanism is compared with the state of the art work and compared results shows the proposed work performs well.
Multi Objective Study on Machining Characteristics of AISI H-11 Tool Steel Prepared by Different Processing Techniques
Authors: Margabandu Vignesh , Radhakrishnan Ramanujam
Published: April 2021

In the current study, hard turning of AISI H11 tool steel is done using TiAlN coated cutting tool. The workpiece is prepared by three different processing conditions (Solution treated, Heat treated, Cryogenic treated). The machining performance are studied by the input parameters; cutting speed (60, 90, 120 m/min) and feed rate (0.06, 0.12, 0.18 mm/rev) with a constant depth of cut of 0.5mm using Taguchi’s L9 design. The responses like, surface quality, wear on the tool, and forces generated for all three specimens are studied. The hardness of all three components is measured using Vicker’s micro-hardness tester. The experimental results proved that feed rate is the most influential parameter in deciding, surface roughness, cutting force and tool wear. The utility concept approach is applied and found, solution treated sample with 120 m/min of cutting speed and 0.06 mm/rev of feed rate produces optimal results in all three response criterion.
Arc Welding Current Control Using Thyristor Based Three-Phase Rectifiers Applied to Gas Metal Arc Welding Connected to Grid Network
Authors: Benaouda Omar Fethi , Babes Badreddine , Bouchakour Mohamed , Kahla Sami , Bendiabdellah Azzedine
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the welding operation is to ensure the continuity of the materials to be assembled in large industrial sectors. This study aims to suggest a topology of the Thyristor based three-phase rectifiers applied to the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process connected to the grid network, the output currents are controlled and using various pulsed forms such as square, annealing, and spike pulse operations and investigate and compare between the effects of the three references welding currents structures on the welding current, welding voltage, droplet diameter, and welding quality. To have the best pulse operation, the amplitude and frequency are kept the same for all operations, the application of meshing graphs in the references of welding currents structures, welding current, welding voltage, and droplet diameter can illustrate a clear comparison between them. The simulation results show that the square pulse operation is the best among them. The Single-Sided Amplitude Spectrum (SSAS) method is also applied to the welding current and droplet diameter of the three operations under slow and rapid droplet detachment rates to estimate the droplet detachment frequency. The results show the great success of the SSAS in estimating the precise frequency.
Numerical Simulation of Free Convection in a Three-Dimensional Enclosure Full of Nanofluid with the Existence a Magnetic Field
Authors: Hachana Aicha , Harmas Mohamed Naguib , Bouchama Ziyad
Published: April 2021

Blood glucose automatic regulation achievement depends on the robustness of the used control algorithm. However, some constraints were encountered due to the human glucose-insulin regulatory system’s complexity. It is proposed to tackle such a goal through the development of a robust synergetic control algorithm. An adaptive approach is integrated into this synergetic control scheme to handle disturbances and parameters variations. Multiple meal disturbances often occur daily as well as some other stochastic noises making efficient glucose regulation a tough challenge addressed in this paper via a new synergetic scheme. Simulation results show a robust function during multiple meal disturbances with good noise rejection.
FUND OF PERSONAL ORIGIN N.YE. KAVETSKY IN THE CENTRAL STATE ARCHIVE OF SAMARA REGION
Authors: Funtikova S.A.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the review of documents of the Foundation of personal origin of Nikolay E. Kavetsky, Professor, doctor of medical Sciences, honored scientist of the RSFSR, head of the Department of faculty therapy of the Kuibyshev medi- cal Institute. The review is based on the documents of the above-mentioned personal Fund, and covers the period from the 1880s to 1974.
PROFESSIONAL AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES A.YA. BASS (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE PERSONAL FOUNDATION OF A.Y. BASS)
Authors: Surdina E.Y.
Published: April 2021

The article describes the biography of the Soviet and Russian museum worker A.Ya. Bass (1930 - 2006), the composition and content of documents of the personal fund in the Central State Archives of the Samara Region are analyzed, the historical and informational potential of documents of the personal fund for specific historical research on the history of the cultural, research and public life of Kuibyshev - Samara II is determined half of XX - beginning of XXI centuries.
FOUNDATION OF THE POET-SONGS V.G. ALFYOROV AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE ON THE HISTORY OF POETIC WORKS IN THE KUIBYSHEV REGION IN 1930-1980S
Authors: Fedotov D.A.
Published: April 2021

The article examines the biography and activities of the writer and publicist V.G. Alferov, a system of historical scientific knowledge about the structure, content, information value of documents from V.G. Alferov in the Central State Archives of the Samara Region. The author's creative and journalistic activities in the context of the historical era are analyzed on the basis of the foundation's documents.
PERSONAL FUNDS OF STATE ARCHIVES OF THE SAMARA REGION: GENERAL OVERVIEW AND CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Sannikova N.A.
Published: April 2021

The material of the article contains a classification, a review and a brief source-vedic characteristic of funds with documents of personal origin, which are permanently stored in the Samara regional archives: the Central State Archive of the Samara Region (TsGASO) and the Samara Regional Archive of Social and Political History (SOGASPI) ... Special attention is paid to the characteristics of the SOGASPI funds. The analysis made allows us to present the information potential of the documents of the named funds deposited according to the author's and thematic principles, their number, chronological framework, life path and professional composition of fund-builders, categories of documents of specific funds. The content of the analysis will help researchers to navigate in finding and using a significant layer of archival documents.
Bioética ambiental en perspectiva latinoamericana
Authors: Márquez Vargas Florentino
Published: April 2021

El presente escrito desarrolla una búsqueda de los postulados ambientales inherentes al cuerpo epistemológico de la bioética, a partir de los escritos fundantes de dicho campo de estudio. Se incorporan en esa iniciativa bioeticistas latinoamericanos que hacia finales del siglo XX, a instancias de la Cumbre de la Tierra de 1992, promueven una bioética comprometida con una nueva convivencia con los ecosistemas. La metodología consistió en una revisión documental bajo el enfoque cualitativo en perspectiva hermenéutica, que incluyó la aplicación de programas para análisis de coocurrencia de campos semánticos. El periodo de revisión abarcó de 1970 a 2017, época en la cual se produjeron importantes informes a nivel mundial sobre la problemática ambiental. Como conclusión se obtuvo que en el ámbito de la bioética ambiental se consolidan postulados orientados a la defensa de la vida en cualquiera de sus expresiones biodiversas; la interdependencia de personas sanas en armonía con ecosistemas sanos; la estructuración de reglas ambientales para la adecuada interrelación entre áreas urbanas y zonas boscosas; y la promoción de la producción industrial y el consumo a escala humana, sin afectación de los entornos naturales.
Qualitative Research in COVID 19 Pandemic
Authors: Mohammad Abdolghani Abdollahi , Firouzkouhi Mohammad Reza
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Quantitative research is not suitable for COVID pandemic research because it does not cover the social consequences of qualitative research. COVID 19 is a social event that is important because of the disruption of the natural order of society. To defeat the disease, social interaction is needed, so qualitative research is appropriate to find the challenges and experiences of society. Therefore, due to the inconsistency of people's health behaviors with epidemiological models, people's vulnerability in epidemics, unexpected consequences or surprising results, extracting participants' experiences from medical procedures and revealing flexibility in the face of social problems, the use of qualitative research in this pandemic that will be important.
Effect of Different Relaxation Methods on Pregnancy and Childbirth: a Systematic Review
Authors: Rahimi Farzaneh , Moeni Mehr Mahshid
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Relaxation is a set of neuromuscular exercises that helps the mothers to go through pregnancy and different stages of labor with minimal complications. Various studies have been performed on the effect of different relaxation methods on problems and disorders in pregnancy and childbirth. The aim of this study was to systematically review the studies on the effects of various methods of relaxation in pregnancy and childbirth in Iran and the world. The IRCT Clinical Trial Registration Center and Keywords for Relaxation, Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Maternity were searched from 2000 to 2020. Finally, 40 trials including 21 Persian articles and 19 Latin articles that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. There were 21 studies on relaxation during pregnancy and 19 studies on labor and postpartum. Studies have shown that the number of studies performed in the field of passive rest (in pregnancy-childbirth) was limited, but in the field of active rest and the simultaneous use of several types of rest (in pregnancy-childbirth) was numerous.
Conclusion: The results showed that the use of progressive active muscle relaxation alone, due to its ease and comprehensibility can be used as a practical method in reducing problems and disorders during pregnancy and childbirth. therefore, the simultaneous use of several types of relaxation (active-inactive) due to the increase of positive effects of relaxation can be used in the next step.
Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Treatment Adherence in People with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Oraki Mohammad , Zare Hossein , Hosseinzadeh Ghasemabad Ali
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on treatment adherence in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental design with an experimental group and a control group with pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up. This study was conducted in 2019 in Tehran in the statistical population of people with NAFLD diagnosis. In this study, 30 individuals with NAFLD were purposefully selected and they were randomly assigned to two groups and received a pre-test. Then, the experimental group underwent group intervention of acceptance and commitment therapy during two months of ten sessions while the control group had received the typical routine interventions from medical centers. The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (Moriski et al., 2008) was conducted in the all of three stages of measurement. In order to analyze the data, repeated measures analysis of variance test with SPSS-16 software was used.
Results: The trend of changes in the intervention group compared to the control group in the measurement stages in the treatment adherence to the treatment (F= 4.243, P=0.03) was significantly different (P <0.05) and about 15% of the differences observed in this variable is due to group membership (intervention). To compare these changes over time, Benfron's subtest was used. The difference between pre-test with post-test and follow-up were only significant in the intervention group (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment-based therapy increases treatment adherence. Therefore, it is suggested that this method be used to increase treatment adherence in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver.
Manufacturing a Biomimetic Biorecator in Cardiac Tissue Engineering
Authors: Shams Zahra , Akbari Babak , Rajabi Sarah , Aghdami Nasser
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The direct approach of cardiac tissue engineering is to mimic the natural tissue of heart, considering the significant role of scaffolding and mechanical simulation. 
Methods: To achieve this purpose, a composite Polycaprolactone (PCL)/Gelatin electrospun scaffold with a ratio of 70:30 and with the most similarities to the cardiac extracellular matrix was fabricated with aligned nanofibers. The scaffold was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mechanical strength analysis, and contact angle test. To simulate the cardiac contraction, a developed Mechanical Loading Device (Bioreactor) was designed to apply a mechanical load with a specific frequency and tensile rate values in the direction of aligned nanofibers due to simulating natural cardiac tissue.
Results: Based on our results from the contact angle and mechanical strength tests, we concluded that our designed scaffold has appropriate adhesion and strength to use as cardiac scaffold and is suitable for imposing the frequency of 1Hz and 10% strain. The Bioreactor also worked properly in producing the required frequency, tensile rate and temperature. 
Conclusion: Since an essential difference between cardiomyocytes and other cells is their contraction, manufacturing a biomimetic bioreactor to simulate the normal cardiac contraction of cardiomyocytes and their required temperature to be survived in-vitro could be a promising approach in cardiac tissue engineering.
Evaluation of Optimal Antibiotic Use in Children with Gastroenteritis Abstract
Authors: Ferdoosian Farzad , Zare Ardalan , Aflatoonian Majid
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Due to the side effects of overuse of antibiotics, the aim of study was to evaluate the optimal antibiotic use in children with gastroenteritis.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 178 children with gastroenteritis from January to December 2018. Data including age, gender, clinical symptoms and laboratory findings were extracted from records.
Results: Out of 178 cases of diarrhea, 32 cases were due to bacteria and 146 cases were due to viruses. The most clinical symptoms in the patients were fever (34.40 %), vomiting (33.2 %) and coryza (13.1%). The most frequency of viral (46.2%) and bacterial diarrhea (32.2%) were seen in autumn season. Antibiotics were used mostly in spring (39 %) and autumn (25 %) seasons. In 14% of cases, the appropriate treatment was not selected. In addition, 50.56 % of treated children were less than 1 years old. No significant relation was also seen between season with bacterial or viral cases (p>0.05). Significant relation was seen between taking antibiotics at admission and clinical signs such as abdominal pain and suspicious food (p<0.01). Data were analyzed throgh SPSS, version16. Chi Square test was used for analysis of data
Conclusion: Virus is the main cause of diarrhea in children with gastroenteritis. Moreover, the most frequency of diarrhea was seen in autumn and spring season. However, there was no significant relation between seasons with bacterial and viral cases. It indicates that bacterial and viral diarrhea was not affected by season. For preventing microbial resistance, antibiotic therapy should be administered more carefully in children with diarrhea.
Baseline Model for Electricity Generation Expansion Planning for The Philippines: A Leap Model Application
Authors: Nobleza Bryan Joseph C. , Arriola Emmanuel R. , Pedrasa Michael Angelo A.
Published: April 2021

Philippines is one of the fastest-growing economies and most populated countries globally, greatly affecting its energy demand. The increase in demand leads to an increase in the electricity generation sector's capacity to maintain the supply-demand balance. Thus, this may lead to power shortage, high generation costs, and increased greenhouse gas emissions without proper energy planning. This study aims to create a Long-Range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP)-based Baseline Model for the Philippines' generation expansion planning. The model will serve as a tool for the government and energy planners to develop a long-term generation expansion planning model. The model simulates the technological, economic and environmental aspect of the existing Philippine power generation system that can be used as a baseline for developing a Business-As-Usual Scenario and Alternative Scenario models to assess different energy policy pathways. The developed LEAP model following an independent multi-regional and national scale structure that is based on the Philippine grid and off-grid based regions showed an accurate result with the actual data. The model was able to replicate the actual power generation through the set-up of basic parameters. Development of Philippine LEAP structure; and the establishment of the demand, transformation, and resources module’s structure are based on the set of data input parameters.  The baseline model developed can be used for continuing studies such as impact evaluation of energy policy for long term power generation expansion planning.
Application of Internet of Things in Smart Greenhouse Microclimate Management for Tomato Growth
Authors: Bafdal Nurpilihan , Ardiansah Irfan
Published: April 2021

Microclimate control is very important for the cultivation of plants in greenhouses. Some microclimate variables are temperature and humidity, these variables can be controlled using several methods, one of which is the misting of the cooling system, but this process is still done manually. This research aims to create an internet-of-things-based system to automatically control the greenhouse microclimate, controlled and controlled through a website. The results showed that the system could automatically activate the cooling system misting when the temperature is above 30 â„ƒ and the humidity is below 80%. The greenhouse microclimate data can be controlled and controlled via the website. The automation system works better in maintaining the greenhouse's microclimate conditions than before using the automation system with a difference of 6.25 ËšC temperature and 28.06% higher humidity. Microclimate data can be displayed and accessed via the website, and minimum and maximum temperatures can be set via the website. The factor that affects the greenhouse temperature is the UV index. The higher the UV index, the higher the temperature. When the UV index reaches < 10, the greenhouse temperature can still be reduced to ± 3 â„ƒ. If the UV index > 10, the temperature can still be reduced to a smaller value. The automation system's microclimate data processing is more effective, accurate, and the performance of the automation system reaches 115.22% but will decrease to 80.40% when the light intensity is high.
Analysis of the Information Transfer Rate-ITR in Linear and Non-linear Feature Extraction Methods for SSVEP Signals
Authors: De la Cruz Danni , Alfonso Wilfredo , Caicedo Eduardo
Published: April 2021

The most popular paradigm in BCIs is the steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP) due to their advantages, such as the high information transfer rate (ITR), the time spent on users in the training phase, and the capacity to discriminate each stimulus. One of the most influential factors in the ITR evaluation is the feature extraction methods since these can increase the accuracy. Here, we compare nine methods for the extraction of features from SSVEP signals to identify those with better performance, according to the time window (TW), its technology (equipment and number of nodes), and the value of ITR.  The study identifies two groups: the first one is characterized by presenting variations of correlated component analysis (CCA), which is highly used to increase the ITR due to its efficiency in classification and its capacity of response to reduction (TW), such as MsetCCA, IT-CCA, FBCCA; the second one are the representation special based methods that consider the non-linear nature of the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal such as TRCA, CORRCA, EMD, and VMD. The results show a considerable difference between these groups. The maximum ITR value for FBCCA was 117.75 [bits/min] in a TW of 1.25s, while the VMD method achieved 3120 [bits/min] in a TW of 1s, respectively. The comparison covers signals between 0.55 and 8 seconds, taking into account visual strain, the experimental environment, and other artifacts.
O SETOR INDUSTRIAL E SEUS EFEITOS NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO FORMAL: UMA ANÁLISE PARA O TRIÂNGULO CRAJUBAR-CE (2008-2018)
Authors: Nascimento Carlos Eduardo Pereira do
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho objetiva analisar o mercado de trabalho formal sob a ótica do setor industrial no CRAJUBAR para os anos 2008 e 2018, evidenciando o panorama da economia da região via indústria, bem como as repercussões sobre a institucionalização da RM Cariri, em 2009. A metodologia utilizada é de caráter exploratório. O meio técnico utilizado foi o estatístico. Tem-se como área de pesquisa o triângulo CRAJUBAR, formado pelos municípios Crato, Juazeiro do Norte e Barbalha, tendo como foco de análise o setor industrial formal. Faz-se uso de microdados, referentes aos anos de 2008 e 2018, provenientes do banco de dados da RAIS/MTE e do IBGE. Conclui-se que o perfil de mão de obra do setor industrial apresenta melhor nível educacional, porém em postos de trabalho que não condizem com sua realidade escolar, com baixa participação das mulheres, as quais ainda encontram desafios na tentativa de igualar as remunerações com a classe masculina. .
Mulheres e resistência em O país sob minha pele, de Gioconda Belli
Authors: Resende Joelma De Araújo Silva , Dos Santos Raimunda Maria , Lopes Sebastião Alves Texeira
Published: April 2021

O objetivo dessa pesquisa é investigar a participação da mulher no movimento revolucionário na Nicarágua, a partir do livro de memórias O país sob minha pele, de Gioconda Belli, escritora nicaraguense que participou do movimento sandinista, que derrubou a ditadura de Somoza.  Para isso, foi feita uma análise da relação entre mulher e nação, dando-se ênfase à participação feminina na luta contra a ditadura. Para tanto, cita-se Zinani (2010), que aborda os escritos femininos sobre ditadura, Mattoso (2010), que retrata a identidade nacional, e Walby (2000), que analisa a relação entre mulher e nação. Percebe-se que a mulher tenta conquistar um espaço na vida social, lutando pelo que considera mais justo para seu país, sendo assim, agente de transformação social. Percebe-se também que, apesar de não reconhecida pela historiografia oficial, a mulher participa do projeto de construção nacional na Nicarágua, como demonstrado por Gioconda Belli.
A DEVICE AND TOOL FOR MAKING SAMPLE FROM POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS ON A CNC MACHINE (review)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Minibaev M.I. , Usacheva M.N. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Dyshenko V.S. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Goncharov V.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: April 2021

The article discusses devices for fixing sheet metal blanks from PCM: a perforated vacuum table, its design features, advantages and disadvantages. Based on these data, the upper part of the vacuum table was made for cutting samples for Iosipescu tests and dielectric tests. The article describes various types of tools for PCM processing and an experiment on the wear resistance of a diamond-like coated rasp cutter when milling carbon fiber reinforced plastic, carried out by foreign researchers.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF TWO TYPES OF FIRE RETARDANTS ON THE FLAMMABILITY OF EPOXY RESIN SAMPLES
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Barbotko S.L. , Bochenkov M.M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Volnyj O.S. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Korobeinichev O.P. ,   Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Shmakov A.G. ,   Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science
Published: April 2021

Studies have been carried out to assess the effectiveness of fire retardants on the flammability of an epoxy composition – graphene and an organophosphorus compound DOPO-THPO. The concentrations of the added flame retardants were 2 and 4 % (mass). Flammability characteristics were determined using the method according to GOST 28157 (UL 94) with vertical and horizontal samples. It was found that the introduction of fire retardants reduces the flammability of the epoxy composition, but the introduction of even 4 % was insufficient to ensure self-extinguishing of the epoxy composition during vertical testing.
MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF HIGH TEMPERATURE DURABILITY OF CASTABLE NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOYS
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Petrushin N.V. , Elyutin Е.S. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: April 2021

The relationship between the long-term strength and the structural-phase and physico-chemical parameters of castable polycrystalline nickel-based superalloys is considered. A regression model for prediction of the durability at a temperature of 1100 °C and a stress of 80 MPa of the considered class of alloys is proposed. The model takes into account the amount of the γ'-phase, the γ'-solvus and solidus temperatures, γ/γ'-misfit, the lattice spacing of the γ- and γ'-phases, and the atomic mass of the alloy. The reliability of the durability prediction is confirmed by comparison with the experimental results on the long-term strength at temperatures 1000, 1050 and 1100 °C of a number of industrial and experimental castable polycrystalline nickel-based superalloys.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF CASTABLE NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOY WITH LOW DENSITY. Part 2
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Petrushin N.V. , Visik E.M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Elyutin E.S. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: April 2021

Results of design and experimental studies of a nickel-based superalloy VZhL20 with a density of 8.04 g/cm3 for the manufacture of turbine blades with a columnar granular structure and a single-crystal structure are presented. It is shown that alloy VZHL20 with a single-crystal structure of the crystallographic orientation [001] in the heat-treated state possesses high phase stability, and enhanced short-term strength ( = 950 MPa, = 1130 MPa), and long-term strength ( = 340 MPa, = 185 MPa).
INVESTIGATION OF DIFFUSION OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS DURING THERMAL CYCLING OF MULTILAYER COMPOSITE MATERIAL MADE OF CHROME AND CARBON STEELS
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Khudnev A.A. , Plokhikh A.I. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University of Technology), Dvoretskov R.M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Schetanov B.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: April 2021

In this work the effect of five cycles of heating to a temperature of 1000 °C and three cycles of heating to a temperature of 1100 °C on the structure of multilayered composite material consisted of 100 alternating layers of 08H18 and U8 steels was investigated via the methods of microstructural analysis. It is shown that already in the initial state after rolling there was a redistribution of carbon between the layers of the material. Thermal cycling led to a partial redistribution of chromium in the material, a change in the structure and thickness of the layers.
Hazard and occupational risk assessment
Authors: Yelin Albert , Shumilin Vladimir
Published: April 2021

Occupational risk assessment is estimating health risks from exposure to various levels of a workplace hazard. Understanding how much exposure to a hazard poses health risks to workers is important to reduce those risks. Traditional practices of OHSA imply that problems are addressed only after a worker is injured or becomes sick. Novel approaches recognize that finding and fixing a hazard preventively is much more effective. In this paper, we analyze the reasons for occupational risk assessment and identifying a potential workplace hazard with the purpose of eliminating risk factors and cases of workplace accidents in various types of companies.
From an Individual to the European Integration - Discussion on the Future of Europe
Authors: Kraljić Suzana , Klojčnik Jasmina
Published: April 2021

»From an Individual to the European Integration, Discussion on the Future of Europe - Liber Amicorum in Honour of Prof. Dr. emer. Silvo Devetak on the Occasion of his 80-ies Birthday« is a tremendous collection of articles dedicated to Prof. Dr. emer. Silvo Devetak. The nationally and internationally estimated scholars, from eleven states, have written significant articles. These estimated scholars are academics, researchers, colleagues and friends, who shared common ideas, visions, work and research (some for decades) with Professor Devetak. In their articles, which are dedicated to the wide opus of the field of interest of Professor Devetak, they discuss, argue, analyse or overview the topics especially related to public international law, human rights, minorities and EU neighbourhood policy.
ACELERAÇÃO OU INTERRUPÇÃO DAS TENDÊNCIAS BRASILEIRAS DO SUBDESENVOLVIMENTO E DEPENDÊNCIA?
Authors: Pochmann Marcio
Published: April 2021

Prestes a completar duzentos anos de sua independência nacional, o Brasil encontra-se diante das preocupações com o subdesenvolvimento e a dependência externa, sobretudo com o avanço do capitalismo 4.0. Diante das intensas transformações nacionais registradas ao longo do tempo, especialmente no período mais recente, consideram-se as respostas educacional, científica e tecnologia frente ao frente ao reposicionamento brasileiro na interior da Divisão Internacional do Trabalho.Palavras-chaves: Trabalho.Educação.Tecnologia.Dependência.SubdesenvolvimentoACCELERATION OR INTERRUPTION OF BRAZILIAN TENDENCIES OF UNDERDEVELOPMENT AND DEPENDENCE?AbstractAbout to complete two hundred years of its national independence, Brazil is facing concerns about underdevelopment and external dependence, especially with the advance of capitalism 4.0. In view of the intense national transformations recorded over time, especially in the most recent period, the educational, scientific and technological responses to the Brazilian repositioning within the International Labor Division are considered.Key words: Job. Education. Technology. Dependency. Underdevelopment.¿ACELERACIÓN O INTERRUPCIÓN DE LAS TENDENCIAS BRASILEÑAS DE SUBDESARROLLO Y DEPENDENCIA?ResumenA punto de cumplir doscientos años de su independencia nacional, Brasil enfrenta preocupaciones sobre el subdesarrollo y la dependencia externa, especialmente con el avance del capitalismo 4.0. En vista de las intensas transformaciones nacionales registradas en el tiempo, especialmente en el período más reciente, se consideran las respuestas educativas, científicas y tecnológicas al reposicionamiento brasileño dentro de la División Internacional del Trabajo.Palabras clave: Trabajo. Educación. Tecnología. Dependencia. Subdesarrollo.
Analisis Tingkat Kreativitas Wirausaha Mahasiswa Melalui Program Komunitas Entrepreneur
Authors: Aisyah Esy Nur
Published: April 2021

This research is motivated by the Entrepreneur Community Program's existence as support for entrepreneurship courses in the Islamic Banking Department, Faculty of Economics, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang to produce graduates who have high selling value, entrepreneurship, and creativity to be able to compete. The learning approach in the program is Project-Based Learning. This study aimed to analyze the level of student creativity before and after participating in the Entrepreneur Community Program. The number of participants was 75 students from the concentration of entrepreneurs in the observation year. Data analysis used nonparametric statistics with Paired-Samples T-Test in testing the creativity of the respondent level before and after treatment and assessing the creativity level of students based on the results of the creativity score generated from the total score filled by respondents divided by the total maximum score of each statement and outlined in the form proportion. The breakthrough research results showed that there were differences in the level of students before and after treatment. The treatment here means that students take part in the entrepreneurial community program with Project-Based Learning. They increased student creativity from 70% to 83%. The level of student creativity before treatment was in the medium category. Moreover, after getting the treatment is in the high category. Thus, project-based learning through the Entrepreneur Community Program in Islamic Banking Department, Faculty of Economics can increase student entrepreneurial creativity.