bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kajian Yuridis Pembuktian dengan Informasi Elektronik dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Perdata di Pengadilan
Authors: Heniyatun Heniyatun , Iswanto Bambang Tjatur , Sulistyaningsih Puji
Published: July 2018

Perkembangan teknologi dan perkembangan Informasi Elektronik yang semakin pesat saat ini sangat memudahkan untuk memperoleh akses informasi relatif lebih cepat, misalnya sekarang ini orang berkirim surat tidak lagi menggunakan jasa pos, akan tetapi sudah melalui e-mail, karena penggunaan e-mail dianggap lebih murah dan cepat. Informasi Elektronik juga berperan dalam berbagai kegiatan misalnya dalam bidang  pendidikan, bisnis, sosial dan berbagai kegiatan lainnya. Elektronik Data Interchange (EDI) sudah sejak lama digunakan. Persoalan mulai timbul ketika salah satu pihak dianggap merugikan pihak lain dengan penggunaan Informasi Elektronik tersebut. Kemudian yang menjadi permasalahan yaitu jika persoalan tersebut berakhir di pengadilan apakah Informasi Elektronik tersebut dapat dipakai sebagai alat bukti, dan bagaimana cara membuktikannya. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji apakah Informasi Elektronik dapat dijadikan sebagai alat bukti dalam pemeriksaan perkara di pengadilan, dan bagaimana cara melakukan pembuktian dengan menggunakan Informasi Elektronik tersebut. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, maka metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, yaitu data utama dalam penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan, sedangkan data pendukung dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara wawancara kepada para responden. Analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis, yang diolah dengan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Informasi Elektronik dapat dijadikan sebagai alat bukti dalam perkara perdata. Informasi Elektronik sebagai alat bukti yang sah dalam perkara perdata karena dikatagorikan sebagai alat bukti tertulis. Pasal 5 ayat (2) UU ITE mengatur bahwa Dokumen Elektronik (termasuk Informasi Elektronik) sebagai perluasan dari alat bukti yang sah sesuai dengan hukum acara yang berlaku di Indonesia. Adapun cara melakukan pembuktian dengan mengunakan alat bukti Informasi Elektronik dalam perkara perdata yaitu dengan menampilkan Informasi Elektronik di sidang pengadilan agar Informasi Elektronik tersebut dapat dianggap sebagai bukti digital dengan format yang dapat terbaca dan masih dalam format asli. Informasi Elektronik dapat digolongkan ke dalam alat bukti tertulis, sehingga cara pembuktiannya yaitu dengan mencetak atau menampilkannya pada saat persidangan, dan harus cocok/ sesuai dengan aslinya, namun untuk memastikan kebenarannya hakim dapat meminta keterangan dari saksi ahli.
REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS FOR BORROWING WAQF MONEY AT THE RUMELIA IN THE OTTOMAN PERIOD
Authors: Çınar Hüseyin , Çınar Hüseyin
Published: July 2018

Para vakıfları Osmanlı döneminde kendine has uygulamaları ile vakfedilen diğer akarlar içinde ayrı bir yere sahipti. Bu dönemde para vakıfları ile ilgili tartışmaların merkezinde daha çok paranın vakfedilmesinin hukukî yönü ve uygulamada ortaya çıkan bazı idari ve mali tasarruf usulleri yer almıştır. Osmanlı Devleti’nde beş asrı aşan bir zaman diliminde para vakfı uygulamalarına sıkça rastlanmış öyle ki çoğu zaman pek çok vakfın tek gelir kaynağı vakıf para olmuştur. Osmanlı döneminde Rumeli’de / Balkan coğrafyasında kurulan vakıfların gelir kalemleri arasında yer alan paranın kullandırılmasında, bir başka ifade ile işletilmesinde uyulması gereken kurallar, vakıf kurucularının talepleri / şartları arasında ne şekilde yer almıştır? Bu çalışmada Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü Arşivi’ndeki vakfiyelerden yola çıkılarak, para vakıflarının yaygın bir uygulama alanı bulduğu Osmanlı’nın Rumeli coğrafyasında kurulan vakıflardaki para kullandırma usulleri üzerine bir durum tespiti ve değerlendirme yapılacaktır. Böylece vakıf kurucusunun vakıf paranın işletilmesi sırasında doğabilecek zararı aza indirmek için başvurduğu yöntem ve şartlar bir nebze de olsa gözler önüne serilecek ve vakıf kurucularının iç dünyalarına bir yolculuk yapılacaktır.
Elevated markers of brain injury as a result of clinically asymptomatic high-acceleration head impacts in high-school football athletes
Authors: Joseph Jacob R. , Swallow Jennylee S. , Willsey Kylene , Lapointe Andrew P. , Khalatbari Shokoufeh , Korley Frederick K. , Oppenlander Mark E. , Park Paul , Szerlip Nicholas J. , Broglio Steven P.
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE

This prospective observational cohort study of high-school football athletes was performed to determine if high-acceleration head impacts (HHIs) that do not result in clinically diagnosed concussion still lead to increases in serum levels of biomarkers indicating traumatic brain injury (TBI) in asymptomatic athletes and to determine the longitudinal profile of these biomarkers over the course of the football season.

METHODS

Sixteen varsity high-school football athletes underwent baseline neurocognitive testing and blood sampling for the biomarkers tau, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), neurofilament light protein (NF-L), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and spectrin breakdown products (SBDPs). All athletes wore helmet-based accelerometers to measure and record head impact data during all practices and games. At various time points during the season, 6 of these athletes met the criteria for HHI (linear acceleration > 95g and rotational acceleration > 3760 rad/sec2); in these athletes a second blood sample was drawn at the end of the athletic event during which the HHI occurred. Five athletes who did not meet the criteria for HHI underwent repeat blood sampling following the final game of the season. In a separate analysis, all athletes who did not receive a diagnosis of concussion during the season (n = 12) underwent repeat neurocognitive testing and blood sampling after the end of the season.

RESULTS

Total tau levels increased 492.6% ± 109.8% from baseline to postsession values in athletes who received an HHI, compared with 164% ± 35% in athletes who did not receive an HHI (p = 0.03). Similarly, UCH-L1 levels increased 738.2% ± 163.3% in athletes following an HHI, compared with 237.7% ± 71.9% in athletes in whom there was no HHI (p = 0.03). At the end of the season, researchers found that tau levels had increased 0.6 ± 0.2 pg/ml (p = 0.003) and UCH-L1 levels had increased 144.3 ± 56 pg/ml (p = 0.002). No significant elevations in serum NF-L, GFAP, or SBDPs were seen between baseline and end-of–athletic event or end-of-season sampling (for all, p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

In this pilot study on asymptomatic football athletes, an HHI was associated with increased markers of neuronal (UCH-L1) and axonal (tau) injury when compared with values in control athletes. These same markers were also increased in nonconcussed athletes following the football season.
Positive solutions for nonvariational Robin problems
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Repovš Dušan D.
Published: July 2018

We study a nonlinear Robin problem driven by the p-Laplacian and with a reaction term depending on the gradient (convection term). Using the theory of nonlinear operators of monotone-type and the asymptotic analysis of a suitable perturbation of the original equation, we show the existence of a positive smooth solution.
Isomorphism and classification for countable structures
Authors: Miller Russell
Published: July 2018

We introduce a topology on the space of all isomorphism types represented in a given class of countable models, and use this topology as an aid in classifying the isomorphism types. This mixes ideas from effective descriptive set theory and computable structure theory, extending concepts from the latter beyond computable structures to examine the isomorphism problem on arbitrary countable structures. We give examples using specific classes of fields and of trees, illustrating how the new concepts can yield classifications that reveal differences between seemingly similar classes. Finally, we use a computable homeomorphism to define a measure on the space of isomorphism types of algebraic fields, and examine the prevalence of relative computable categoricity under this measure.
Pure Strategies in Imperfect Information Stochastic Games
Authors: Carayol Arnaud , Löding Christof , Serre Olivier
Published: July 2018

We consider imperfect information stochastic games where we require the players to use pure ( i.e. non randomised) strategies. We consider reachability, safety, Büchi and co-Büchi objectives, and investigate the existence of almost-sure/positively winning strategies for the first player when the second player is perfectly informed or more informed than the first player. We obtain decidability results for positive reachability and almost-sure Büchi with optimal algorithms to decide existence of a pure winning strategy and to compute one if it exists. We complete the picture by showing that positive safety is undecidable when restricting to pure strategies even if the second player is perfectly informed.
Certificateless Proxy Signature Scheme in the Standard Model
Authors: Ming Yang , Wang Yumin
Published: July 2018

Proxy signature is extension of the standard signature, in which the original signer can delegate his or her signing capability to proxy signer in such a way that the latter can sign messages on behalf of the former. Certificateless cryptography eliminates the need of certificates in the traditional public key cryptography and solves the inherent key escrow problem in the identity based cryptography. In this paper, we extend security model of proxy signature to certificateless setting and formalize the security model of certificateless proxy signature. We propose a certificateless proxy signature scheme with concrete implementation which is probably secure in the standard model. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is proven to be existentially unforgeable under the hardness of the computational Diffie-Hellman problem.
Clinical Characteristics and Angiographic Profile of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in a Tertiary Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Mohsin , Rubaiyat Khandaker Abu , Saleh Mohammed Abaye Deen , Chowdhury Abdul Wadud , Khuda CM Khudrate E , Ferdous Kazi Abul Fazal , Hasan Nahid , Hoque Abu Taher Mohammad Mahfuzul , Islam Kazi Nazrul , Amin Md Gaffar
Published: July 2018

Aims: Coronary artery disease is a devastating disease precisely because an otherwise healthy person in the prime of life may die or become disabled without warning. The objectives were to study the clinical profile, risk factors prevalence, angiographic distribution and severity of coronary artery stenosis in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients admitted in Cardiology Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka.Materials and Methods: A total of 800 patients of ACS were analyzed for various risk factors, angiographic patterns and severity of coronary artery disease at DMCH, Dhaka, Bangladesh.Results: Mean age of presentation was 51.27±8.80 years. Majority were male 628 (78.5%) and rest were females (21.5%). Most patients had ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) 509 (63.6%) followed by non-STEMI (NSTEMI) 207 (25.9%) and Unstable Angina (UA) 84 (10.5%). Risk factors: smoking was present in 388 (48.5%), hypertension in 289 (36.13%), diabetes in 235 (29.38%), dyslipidaemia in 169 (21.13%) and obesity in 356 (44.5%) patients. Singlevessel disease was present in 30.32% patients, Doublevessel disease was present in 23.23% patients and Triple vessel disease was present in 27.15% patients.Conclusion: STEMI was the most common presentation. ACS occurred earlier in comparison to Western population. Smoking was most prevalent risk factor. Diabetic patients had more multivessel disease.Bangladesh Heart Journal 2018; 33(1) : 10-15
In-hospital Outcome of Use of Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Chowdhury Tariq Ahmed , Aziz Mustafizul , Alam Iftekhar , Zaher Abuduz , Haque Sayed Azizul , Chowdhury Abdul Wadud
Published: July 2018

This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Cardiology of national institute of cardiovascular diseases (NICVD), Dhaka to assess the safety of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Safety of low molecular weight heparin in comparison to unfractionated heparin (UFH) was observed in this study. In total data from 100 patients undergoing elective PCI was evaluated. Among them 50 patients in group I received I mg/kg intra-arterial LMWH and rest in group II received UFH. Demographic profile of individuals in both groups was almost similar. There was no significant difference in major coronary risk factors between the two groups. Patients were monitored during their stay in hospital for any complications like bleeding, haematoma, myocardial infraction and death. No death was observed in any group. Minor bleeding in group I and II (6% vs 105), Major bleeding (2% vs4%) and haematoma (6% vs 10%). Myocardial infraction no incidence in group I and 4% in group II. So complications was more prevalent in group II who were treated with UFH, but those were not statistically significant. The intra-arterial administration of LMWH in patients undergoing PCI is safe. The risk of acute and sub-acute coronary events and bleeding complications are similar in both groups and in hospital outcome there is less complication with LMWH used during PCI.Bangladesh Heart Journal 2018; 33(1) : 22-27
Pattern of Congenital Heart Disease in Children Presenting at Paediatric Cardiology Unit in Chattagram Maa Shishu-O-General Hospital, Chittagong
Authors: Sen Sukhendu Shekhar , Barua Tanuka , Dey Dipika , Chowdhury Mahmood A , Nessa Lutfan
Published: July 2018

Background: Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common congenital problem in children. Early detection and proper management of congenital heart disease is very important to reduce mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study was to find out the disease pattern of CHD among children in present situation in a center outside Dhaka.Methods: This study was conducted over a period from March 2016 to June 2017 prospectively and all patients with CHD was diagnosed by Color Doppler Echocardiography aging from 1st day of life to 12 years were included in the study.Results: Acyanotic CHD was most common among CHD. Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) was the commonest acyanotic congenital heart disease 100 (35.7 %) followed by Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 77 (27.5 %). Commonest cyanotic CHD was Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) 9 (3.2 %). Only 25.36 % CHD were diagnosed during neonatal period whereas 54.64 % were diagnosed during the period of 29 days to completion of 12 months. Most of the patient (63.21%) were male.Conclusion: ASD was the commonest acyanotic CHD whereas TOF was the commonest cyanotic CHD. About 80% cases were diagnosed before 1 year of age. With the advancement of diagnostic facility and neonatal care, early detection of CHD is possible and treatment can be started at an earlier age.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (2); July 2017; Page 40-43
Management of Distal Femoral Fracture with Distal Femoral Nail
Authors: Jahangir Jabed , Hossain Md Iqbal , Mojumder Md Myen Uddin , Hossain Mohammad , Hossain Md Anwar , Uddin Md Imroz
Published: July 2018

Background: For a long time distal femur fracture were considered difficult to heal and often led to a degree of disability. The incidence of malunion, nonunion and infection are relatively high in many reported series. The management goal of distal femur fractures are correction of axial alignment, length, and rotation, restoration of motion and rapid union so as to return the patient to normal function. We present here result of retrograde nailing of extra-articular (AO 33A1 to A3) fractures of the distal femur using Distal Femoral Nail (DFN).Methods: In Between 2008 to 2010 total 17 patients (One lost to follow up so 16 available for final assessment) underwent open reduction and internal fixation for distal femoral fracture in Chittagong Medical College Hospital and Private Hospital in Chittagong city. There were 13 male and 3 female patients, age range from 18 years to 70 years, mean age 42.75 years. Average length of follow-up was 17.5months (12 months to 24 months).Results: Total 16 patients was available for follow up. Regular fracture healing was observed in 14 cases. Delayed union in 2 case. One patient had infection, and two patients had leg shorting of 0.5 and 1 cm. Axial misalignment (Varus/valgus angulations) was found in 4 cases (5º-10º) there were no implant failures. On the bases of a Leung score to measure functional outcome, 4 cases had excellent, 8 cases had good and 4 cases had fair result. Poor results were not seen in any patient. In this series 13 cases were satisfactory and 3 cases were unsatisfactory.Conclusion: Distal Femoral Nail is handsome tool to treat distal femoral fracture.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (2); July 2017; Page 44-47
Limb Body Wall Complex: A Rare Anomaly
Authors: Sultana Unan , Ahsan Md Qumrul
Published: July 2018

Body stalk anomalies are a group of massively disfiguring abdominal wall defects in which the abdominal organs lie outside of the abdominal cavity in a sac of amnioperitoneum with absence of or very small umbilical cord. Various hypotheses proposed to explain the pathogenesis of limb body wall complex include early amnion disruptions, embryonic dysplasia, and vascular disruption in early pregnancy. Body stalk anomaly is an accepted fatal anomaly and, hence, its early diagnosis aids in proper management of the patient. We present a case of LBWC, exhibiting combined cranial, abdominal & limb features.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (2); July 2017; Page 56-58
Dermatological Manifestations of Wilson’s Disease: Two Cases
Authors: Alam Rubaiyat , Karim ASM Bazlul , Rukunuzzaman Md , Hossen Kamal , Thakur Shashi Bhushan , Uddin Mohammad Moin
Published: July 2018

Wilson's disease, an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism, most commonly presents either with hepatic or neurological features. But it may sometimes have certain atypical presentations which may lead to diagnostic difficulties. We report here two cases who were diagnosed as Wilson's disease with prominent skin lesions over both lower extremities. These cases are reported here as it is rare and to highlight the fact that early recognition of the skin lesions may play a role in the diagnosis of Wilson's disease. The need to highlight the importance of skin lesion as a pointer to the early diagnosis of Wilson's disease because specific treatment can prevent further liver injury and neurological complications in most cases.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (2); July 2017; Page 59-62
Identification of Erosional Terraces on Seamounts: Implications for Interisland Connectivity and Subsidence in the Galápagos Archipelago
Authors: Schwartz Darin M. , Soule S. Adam , Wanless V. Dorsey , Jones Max P.
Published: July 2018

Shallow seamounts at ocean island hotspots and in other settings may record emergence histories in the form of submarine erosional terraces. Exposure histories are valuable for constraining paleo-elevations and sea levels in the absence of more traditional markers, such as drowned coral reefs. However, similar features can also be produced through primary volcanic processes, which complicate the use of terraced seamounts as an indicator of paleo-shorelines. In the western Galápagos Archipelago, we utilize newly collected bathymetry along with seafloor observations from human-occupied submersibles to document the location and depth of erosional terraces on seamounts near the islands of Santiago, Santa Cruz, Floreana, Isabela, and Fernandina. We directly observed erosional features on 22 seamounts with terraces. We use these observations and bathymetric analysis to develop a framework to identify terrace-like morphologic features and classify them as either erosional or volcanic in origin. From this framework we identify 79 erosional terraces on 30 seamounts that are presently found at depths of 30 to 300 m. Although intermittent subaerial connectivity between the islands has been hypothesized, the depths of these erosional terraces in the Santiago region are the first direct evidence of paleo-connectivity in the modern archipelago. Collectively, the terraces have non-randomly distributed depths. We suggest that peaks in the distribution of terrace depths likely represent long durations of exposure (i.e., sea-level still or lowstands). By comparing these peaks to those of subsidence adjusted sea-level curves, we identify the average subsidence rate that best reproduces the observed terrace distributions. These rates are 0.2–0.4 m/ka for this portion of the central Galápagos, since the formation of the seamounts, consistent with previous independent estimates. Using these subsidence rates and evidence for erosional terraces at depths up to 300 m, we conclude that all islands in the central archipelago have been intermittently connected starting between 435 and 900 ka. Individual island pairs have likely been repeatedly subaerially connected for short intervals since that time.
A Low Complexity Reactive Tabu Search Based Constellation Constraints in Signal Detection
Authors: Feng Jiao , Zhang Xiaofei , Li Peng , Hu Dongshun
Published: July 2018

For Massive multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) systems, many algorithms have been proposed for detecting spatially multiplexed signals, such as reactive tabu search (RTS), minimum mean square error (MMSE), etc. As a heuristic neighborhood search algorithm, RTS is particularly suitable for signal detection in systems with large number of antennas. In this paper, we propose a strategy to reduce the neighborhood searching space of the traditional RTS algorithms. For this, we introduce a constellation constraints (CC) structure to determine whether including a candidate vector into the RTS searching neighborhood. By setting a pre-defined threshold on the symbol constellation, the Euclidean distance between the estimated signal and its nearest constellation points are calculated, and the threshold and distance are compared to separate the reliable estimated signal from unreliable ones. With this structure, the proposed CC-RTS algorithm may ignore a significant number of unnecessary candidates in the RTS neighborhood searching space and greatly reduce the computational complexity of the traditional RTS algorithm. Simulation results show that the BER performance of the proposed CC-RTS algorithm is very close to that of the traditional RTS algorithm, and with about 50% complexity reduction with the same signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio.
Empirical Analysis of Non-Financial Reporting by Spanish Companies
Authors: Sierra-Garcia Laura , Garcia-Benau Maria , Bollas-Araya Helena
Published: July 2018

Spain is one of the European countries that is the most strongly committed to the presentation of non-financial information. In 2017, Spain adapted its legislation to Directive 2014/95/EU through Royal Decree-Law 18/2017, which required Public Interest Entities (PIEs) to provide information in accordance with the requirements of the European Union (EU) Directive, with respect to financial years from 1 January 2017. Our research is focused on Spanish IBEX-351 listed companies and seeks to identify current trends in non-financial reporting. To our knowledge, the present paper is the first study to examine the impact made in Spain by the legislative changes. Our aim is to analyse the publication of non-financial information by Spanish listed companies whose first reports in this regard were made from early 2018. Specifically, we consider the impact of this information disclosure, determining whether the companies in question restrict themselves to meeting regulatory requirements or whether they go further and voluntarily supply additional information. Our findings show that the level of regulatory compliance produced is associated with the business sector in which the company operates. We also show that the highest rates of disclosure of non-financial information correspond to companies that provide this information in the sustainability report.
Application of Fraser’s “Practical” Ethic in Veterinary Practice, and Its Compatibility with a “One Welfare” Framework
Authors: Fawcett Anne , Mullan Siobhan , McGreevy Paul
Published: July 2018

Ethically challenging situations are common in veterinary practice, and they may be a source of moral stress, which may in turn impact the welfare of veterinarians. Despite recognition of the importance of ethical reasoning, some veterinary students may struggle to apply theoretical ethical frameworks. Fraser developed a “practical” ethic consisting of four principles that can be applied to ethically challenging situations. We apply Fraser’s “practical” ethic to three cases that veterinarians may encounter: animal hoarding, animal neglect, and treatment of wildlife. We argue that Fraser’s “practical” ethic is consistent with a One Welfare framework, and may have increasing currency for veterinarians in the light of the World Animal Health Organisation’s Global Animal Welfare Strategy. Both Fraser’s “practical” ethic and a One Welfare framework require veterinarians to consider the impacts of animal ethics decisions on a broader scale than most other ethical frameworks have prepared them for. We discuss the strengths and limitations of Fraser’s “practical” ethic when applied in veterinary contexts and recommend additional support and training to enable veterinarians to effectively apply these frameworks in real-world settings.
Nitrogen-Enriched Carbon Nanofibers Derived from Polyaniline and Their Capacitive Properties
Authors: Gao Yunfang , Ying Jie , Xu Xin , Cai Liangpo
Published: July 2018

Nitrogen-doped carbon materials derived from N-containing conducting polymer have attracted significant attention due to their special electrochemical properties in the past two decades. Novel nitrogen-enriched carbon nanofibers (NCFs) have been prepared by one-step carbonization of p-toluene sulfonic acid (P-TSA) doped polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers, which are successfully synthesized via the rapid mixing oxidative polymerization at room temperature. NCFs with diameters ranging from 100 nm to 150 nm possess a highly specific surface area of 915 m2 g−1 and a relatively rich nitrogen content of 7.59 at %. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that NCFs have high specific capacitance (172 F g−1, 2 mV s−1) and satisfactory cycling stability (89% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles). The outstanding properties affirm that NCFs can be promising candidates for supercapacitor electrode materials. Interestingly, the carbonization of PANI opens the possibility to tailor the morphology of resulting nitrogen-enriched carbon materials by controlling the reaction conditions of PANI synthesis.
Electrochemical and Surface Analysis of 2-Phenylimidazole Adsorbed on Copper from Chloride Solution
Authors: Finšgar Matjaž , Xhanari Klodian
Published: July 2018

The electroanalytical and surface characterization of copper immersed in 3 wt.% NaCl solution containing 1 mM of 2-phenylimidazole (2PhI) is presented. It was proven that 2PhI can be employed as corrosion inhibitor for copper using various electrochemical analyses, such as cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic curve measurements. The adsorption of 2PhI on copper was further analyzed by 3D-profilometry, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. This system was therefore comprehensively described by various analytical approaches.
Alginate and Chitosan as a Functional Barrier for Paper-Based Packaging Materials
Authors: Kopacic Samir , Walzl Andrea , Zankel Armin , Leitner Erich , Bauer Wolfgang
Published: July 2018

Paper-based food packaging materials are widely used, renewable, and biodegradable. Because of its porous structure, paper has poor or no barrier performance against grease, water vapor, water, and volatile organic compounds. Moreover, recycled paperboard can be a source of organic residuals that are able to migrate into packed food. Two different types of paperboard produced from primary and secondary cellulosic fibers were coated using renewable materials, such as alginate and chitosan, and comprehensive barrier measurements showed multifunctional barrier properties of these two biomaterials. Both paper substrates were successfully coated using a draw-down coater, and the measured air permeability of the coated samples was 0 mL·min−1. Grease resistance was improved, while it was possible to reduce water vapor transmission, the migration of mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons and mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOSH/MOAH), and the permeation of volatile compounds for both paper substrates when compared with uncoated substrates. Wettability and water absorptiveness of chitosan- and alginate-coated papers were found to be substrate-dependent properties, and could be significantly affected by bio-based coatings. In summary, industrially produced paperboard was upgraded by coating it with the naturally biodegradable biopolymers, alginate and chitosan, thus achieving extraordinary barrier performance for various applications within the packaging industry.
Effect of Substrate Surface on Deposition of AlGaN: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Zhang Libin , Yan Han , Zhu Guo , Liu Sheng , Gan Zhiyin , Zhang Zili
Published: July 2018

The growth of AlGaN has been extensively studied, but corresponding research related to the effect of AlN substrate surface has rarely been reported in literature. In this article, the effects of AlN substrate surface on deposition of AlGaN films were investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. (0001) Al-terminated and (0001¯) N-terminated AlN were considered as substrates. The quality of surface morphology and atomic scale structure of deposited AlGaN film are discussed in detail. The results show that the surface morphology and crystal quality of AlGaN film grown on (0001) Al-terminated AlN surface are better than for that grown on (0001¯) N-terminated AlN surface under various growing temperatures and Al/Ga injection ratios between Al and Ga. This can be attributed to the higher mobility of Al and Ga adatoms on the (0001) Al-terminated AlN surface. These findings can provide guidance for the preparation of high-quality AlGaN thin films on AlN substrate.
Nonviral Gene Therapy for Cancer: A Review
Authors: Hidai Chiaki , Kitano Hisataka
Published: July 2018

Although the development of effective viral vectors put gene therapy on the road to commercialization, nonviral vectors show promise for practical use because of their relative safety and lower cost. A significant barrier to the use of nonviral vectors, however, is that they have not yet proven effective. This apparent lack of interest can be attributed to the problem of the low gene transfer efficiency associated with nonviral vectors. The efficiency of gene transfer via nonviral vectors has been reported to be 1/10th to 1/1000th that of viral vectors. Despite the fact that new gene transfer methods and nonviral vectors have been developed, no significant improvements in gene transfer efficiency have been achieved. Nevertheless, some notable progress has been made. In this review, we discuss studies that report good results using nonviral vectors in vivo in animal models, with a particular focus on studies aimed at in vivo gene therapy to treat cancer, as this disease has attracted the interest of researchers developing nonviral vectors. We describe the conditions in which nonviral vectors work more efficiently for gene therapy and discuss how the goals might differ for nonviral versus viral vector development and use.
Complexity Changes in Brain Activity in Healthy Ageing: A Permutation Lempel-Ziv Complexity Study of Magnetoencephalograms
Authors: Shumbayawonda Elizabeth , Tosun Pinar Deniz , Fernández Alberto , Hughes Michael Pycraft , Abásolo Daniel
Published: July 2018

Maturation and ageing, which can be characterised by the dynamic changes in brain morphology, can have an impact on the physiology of the brain. As such, it is possible that these changes can have an impact on the magnetic activity of the brain recorded using magnetoencephalography. In this study changes in the resting state brain (magnetic) activity due to healthy ageing were investigated by estimating the complexity of magnetoencephalogram (MEG) signals. The main aim of this study was to identify if the complexity of background MEG signals changed significantly across the human lifespan for both males and females. A sample of 177 healthy participants (79 males and 98 females aged between 21 and 80 and grouped into 3 categories i.e., early-, mid- and late-adulthood) was used in this investigation. This investigation also extended to evaluating if complexity values remained relatively stable during the 5 min recording. Complexity was estimated using permutation Lempel-Ziv complexity, a recently introduced complexity metric, with a motif length of 5 and a lag of 1. Effects of age and gender were investigated in the MEG channels over 5 brain regions, i.e., anterior, central, left lateral, posterior, and, right lateral, with highest complexity values observed in the signals recorded by the channels over the anterior and central regions of the brain. Results showed that while changes due to age had a significant effect on the complexity of the MEG signals recorded over 5 brain regions, gender did not have a significant effect on complexity values in all age groups investigated. Moreover, although some changes in complexity were observed between the different minutes of recording, due to the small magnitude of the changes it was concluded that practical significance might outweigh statistical significance in this instance. The results from this study can contribute to form a fingerprint of the characteristics of healthy ageing in MEGs that could be useful when investigating changes to the resting state activity due to pathology.
Complex Systems and Fractional Dynamics
Authors: M. Lopes António , Tenreiro Machado J. A.
Published: July 2018

Complex systems (CS) are pervasive in many areas of science and technology, namely in financialmarkets, transportation, telecommunication and social networks, world and country economies,immunological systems, living organisms, computational systems, and electrical and mechanicalstructures [...]
Motivations and the Level of Practicing Physical Activities by Physio-Kinetotherapy Students
Authors: Badau Adela , Rachita Anca , Sasu Cristian Radu , Clipa Andriana
Published: July 2018

(1) Background: The aim of the study was to identify the physical activity index of physio-kinetotherapy (PKT) students during the three years of study, as well as the motivation to practicing Physical Activity (PA); (2) Methods: The study comprised three groups of 84 students each, corresponding to the three years of study from the PKT specialization. The study included the survey method, using two questionnaires: Physical Activity Index (PAI) and Motives for Physical Activity Measure—Revised (MPAM-R). A factorial and correlation analysis was made between the three groups; (3) Results: The level of PA practice in all our study groups was between the low and the lowest indicator. The main motivations underlying PA are: enjoyment, competence/challenge, and fitness/health; (4) Conclusions: Future specialists in physio-kinetotherapy need extensive competencies in physical activity by optimizing intimate and extrinsic motivations. Extending the number of hours allocated to the physical education discipline within the university curriculum allows the person to form proactive behaviors.
A Systems Analysis of the Development Status and Trends of Rural Household Energy in China
Authors: He Min , Liu Pei , Ma Linwei , Chong Chinhao , Li Xu , Song Shizhong , Li Zheng , Ni Weidou
Published: July 2018

This paper attempts to present a complete picture of the status quo and future trends of the development of rural household energy in China based on a literature review and a systems analysis. First, a comprehensive literature review was conducted from the perspectives of energy consumption, carbon emissions and pollutants, energy resources, energy technologies, and energy policies. The review revealed the complexities and dynamics of the current system of rural household energy in China, and several key issues were identified for further attention. These issues are further explored by a systems analysis based on the “Integrated strategy of Sustainable development objectives, Decision-making systems, Operation systems, and Physical systems” (I-SDOP) concept. Following this method, a complete picture of the market status and policy targets is presented, by mapping an energy Sankey diagram and by reviewing the behavior of the main players. The results indicate that synergy of various energies, technologies, and players, and a combination of flexible engineering schemes and policy designs, with adequate consideration of temporal variation and regional disparity, are key strategies to promote the sustainable development of rural household energy, especially the distributed utilization of renewable energy, in China.
Analysis of Ferroresonance Phenomenon in 22 kV Distribution System with a Photovoltaic Source by PSCAD/EMTDC
Authors: Thanomsat Nattapan , Plangklang Boonyang , Ohgaki Hideaki
Published: July 2018

Overvoltage and overcurrent in the middle voltage (MV) 22 kV and low voltage (LV) 0.4 kV distribution network with photovoltaic (PV) rooftop system of the Provincial Electricity Authority of Thailand (PEA) have been investigated in order to show that these unwanted situations are caused by the ferroresonance phenomenon. This information would be useful to improve a better solution for the system protection when PV rooftops are integrated into the PEA distribution system. The software tool, PSCAD/EMTDC is used to study the overvoltage at the high side of open-delta and open-wye distribution transformer- and overcurrent at the low side of distribution transformer linked to the grid system via three single-phase fuse cutouts. The ferroresonance phenomenon can be observed when the PV rooftop system is linked to the low voltage side of the distribution transformer via three single-phase fuse cutouts. The results show a good similarity with the results from the simulation of the MV side and LV side of distribution transformers. Finally, the physical phenomena described to the overvoltage, overcurrent, and the destruction of the distribution transformer and other apparatus in load customers will occur when the system consists of the PV rooftop source, capacitance in long transmission line, nonlinear distribution transformer with saturation characteristic and the usage of single-phase switching cutouts in the system.
A Dual-Voltage-Vector Model-Free Predictive Current Controller for Synchronous Reluctance Motor Drive Systems
Authors: Lin Cheng-Kai , Yu Jen-te , Huang Hao-Qun , Wang Jyun-Ting , Yu Hsing-Cheng , Lai Yen-Shin
Published: July 2018

For current control in power conversion and motor drive systems, there exist three classic methods in the literature and they are the hysteresis current control (HCC), the sine pulse-width modulation (SPWM), and the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). HCC is easy to implement, but has relatively large current harmonic distortion as the disadvantage. On the other hand, the SPWM and SVPWM use modulation technique, commonly together with at least one proportional-integral (PI) regulator to reduce load current ripples, and hence demanding more computation time. This paper aims to improve the performance of a recently proposed new current control method—the single-voltage-vector model predictive current control (SVV-MPCC), for synchronous reluctance motor (SynRMs) drives. To that end, a dual-voltage-vector model-free predictive current control (DVV-MFPCC) for SynRMs is proposed. Unlike the SVV-MPCC that applies only a single voltage vector per sampling period, the proposed DVV-MFPCC is capable of providing two successive segmentary current predictions in the next sampling period through all possible combinations from any two candidate switching states increasing the number of applicable switching modes from seven to nineteen and reducing the prediction error effectively. Moreover, the new control does not utilize any parameters of the SynRM nor its mathematical model. The performance is effectively enhanced compared to that of SVV-MPCC. The working principle of the DVV-MFPCC will be detailed in this paper. Finally, the SVV-MPCC, the single-voltage-vector model-free predictive current control (SVV-MFPCC), the dual-voltage-vector model predictive current control (DVV-MPCC), and the DVV-MFPCC are realized to control the stator currents of SynRM through a 32-bit microcontroller TMS320F28377S. Experimental results are provided to validate the new method and verify that the DVV-MFPCC performs better than do the SVV-MPCC, the SVV-MFPCC, and the DVV-MPCC.
Feasibility Analysis and Performance Evaluation of a Novel Power-Split Flywheel Hybrid Vehicle
Authors: Song Chiwoong , Kum Dongsuk , Kim Kyung-Soo
Published: July 2018

Despite the advantages of flywheel energy storage, including low cost, a long life-cycle, and high reliability, the flywheel hybrid vehicle (FHV) has not yet been mass-produced because it usually uses two transmissions, one for the engine and the other for the flywheel, which leads to cost, packaging, and complexity concerns. In this paper, a novel power-split flywheel hybrid powertrain (PS-FHV) that uses only one transmission is proposed to mitigate these issues. The proposed PS-FHV includes one continuously variable transmission (CVT) and three planetary gear-sets integrated with a flywheel, to provide full hybrid functionality at any speed, which leads to high fuel economy and fast acceleration performance. To prove and verify the PS-FHV operation, the system was modeled and analyzed using a lever analogy to demonstrate that the system is capable of performing power distribution and regulation control, which are required for hybrid driving modes. Using the derived model, PS-FHV driving was simulated to assess the feasibility of the proposed system and estimate its performance. The simulation results confirm that the PS-FHV is a feasible system and that, compared to hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), it provides comparable fuel economy and better acceleration performance.
Preparation and Evaluation of a Coconut Shell-Based Activated Carbon for CO2/CH4 Separation
Authors: Abdeljaoued Amna , Querejeta Nausika , Durán Inés , Álvarez-Gutiérrez Noelia , Pevida Covadonga , Chahbani Mohamed
Published: July 2018

Biomass is a widely distributed and renewable source of carbon. The main objective of this work is to produce an activated carbon from coconut shells with suitable characteristics to separate CO2 from biogas. The textural characterization of the adsorbent has been determined. Pure component adsorption isotherms of CO2 and CH4 at 30, 50 and 70 °C have been measured. The results reveal that the activated carbon had high CO2 adsorption capacity. Equilibrium of adsorption of CO2 and CH4 adsorption on the produced activated carbon reached 8.36 mmol/g and 4.63 mmol/g, respectively, at 30 °C and 10 bars. Moreover, the performance of the produced activated carbon, as a potential adsorbent for CO2 capture from a CO2/CH4 gas mixture, has been evaluated under dynamic conditions in a dedicated fixed-bed setup. The CO2 and CH4 adsorption capacities of the produced activated carbon are estimated to be 1.86 and 0.52 mol/kg, respectively, at 30 °C and 1 bar.
Rheology of an Inverted Cholesteric Droplet under Shear Flow
Authors: Fadda Federico , Gonnella Giuseppe , Lamura Antonio , Orlandini Enzo , Tiribocchi Adriano
Published: July 2018

The dynamics of a quasi two-dimensional isotropic droplet in a cholesteric liquid crystal medium under symmetric shear flow is studied by lattice Boltzmann simulations. We consider a geometry in which the flow direction is along the axis of the cholesteric, as this setup exhibits a significant viscoelastic response to external stress. We find that the dynamics depends on the magnitude of the shear rate, the anchoring strength of the liquid crystal at the droplet interface and the chirality. While low shear rate and weak interface anchoring the system shows a non-Newtonian behavior, a Newtonian-like response is observed at high shear rate and strong interface anchoring. This is investigated both by estimating the secondary flow profile, namely a flow emerging along the out-of-plane direction (absent in fully-Newtonian fluids, such as water) and by monitoring defect formation and dynamics, which significantly alter the rheological response of the system.
Leptospirosis Health Intervention Module Effect on Knowledge, Attitude, Belief, and Practice among Wet Market Workers in Northeastern Malaysia: An Intervention Study
Authors: Rahman Mas Harithulfadhli Agus Ab , Hairon Suhaily Mohd , Hamat Rukman Awang , Jamaluddin Tengku Zetty Maztura Tengku , Shafei Mohd Nazri , Idris Norazlin , Osman Malina , Sukeri Surianti , Wahab Zainudin A. , Mohammad Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Wan , Idris Zawaha , Daud Aziah
Published: July 2018

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease which can be prevented by increasing awareness and promoting preventive health behaviours among high risk groups including wet market workers. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Leptospirosis Health Intervention Program (LHIP) in improving knowledge, attitude, belief and practice towards leptospirosis among wet market workers in Kelantan. This intervention study was conducted in two main wet markets in Kelantan involving 116 participants in each control and intervention groups. The health education intervention was based on Leptospirosis Health Intervention Module. The knowledge, attitude, belief and practice scores were measured before and six weeks after the intervention to examine the effect of the program. The results showed that knowledge (p < 0.001), attitude (p = 0.001), belief (p < 0.001) and practice (p < 0.001) scores changes were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. The adjusted mean differences were 12.93 (95% CI: 8.47, 17.39) for knowledge, 5.55 (95% CI: 2.28, 8.81) for attitude, 7.21 (95% CI: 3.43, 10.99) for belief and 7.35 (95% CI: 3.64, 11.05) for practice scores. Leptospirosis Health Intervention Program was an effective health educational tools to improve awareness and preventive behaviours among risk groups such as wet market workers.
Application of Struvite-MAP Crystallization Reactor for Treating Cattle Manure Anaerobic Digested Slurry: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Recovery and Crystal Fertilizer Efficiency in Plant Trials
Authors: Gong Weijia , Li Yan , Luo Lina , Luo Xinsheng , Cheng Xiaoxiang , Liang Heng
Published: July 2018

Recycling and reusing the nutrient resources from anaerobic digested slurry is very promising for environmental pollution control and agriculture sustainable development. We focus here on nitrogen and phosphorus recycling in treating cattle manure anaerobic digested slurry by a magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite-MAP) crystallization process and examine the impact of MAP precipitation on plant growth. The MAP crystallization process was studied by a combination of Design-Expert 8.0.6 software, mathematical modeling, and experiments. The influence of Mg/P, N/P and pH on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) recovery was investigated. Then, the fertilizing efficiency of the MAP precipitate on the growth of three vegetables (water spinach (Swamp cabbage), amaranth and Brassica parachinensis) was also evaluated. The results showed that more than 89% of N and 99% of P could be recovered at pH = 10 with molar ratios of Mg/P = 1.6 and N/P = 1.2. Compared with the control pots and potassium chloridepots, the fresh weight, dry weight and average height of swamp cabbage in the MAP pots were obviously enhanced without burning effects. The results showed that MAP precipitation can promote the development of plants, which is promising for its use as a slow-release fertilizer for agricultural production.