bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Városi ökoszisztéma számvitel megvalósítási lehetősége Kecskeméten : A fenntarthatóság vagyoni szemlélete
Authors: Kovács Antal Ferenc
Published: August 2022

A tanulmány azt a tézist járja körül, hogy a modern közgazdaságtan és a térinformatika eszköztára megalapozhatja-e Kecskemét város természeti tőke statisztikai számláinak összeállítását a fenntarthatóság vagyoni szemléletű keretrendszerében. A közgazdasági elmélet, és a szakirodalom elemzése alapján megállapítható, hogy Kecskemét város térinformatikai rendszere megfelelő alapot biztosít a városi ökoszisztéma szolgáltatások mennyiségi és pénzbeli adatainak előállításához, de az ökoszisztémák vagyoni számláinak előállítása és a város környezeti fenntarthatóságának értékelése további tudományos megalapozást igényel.
Kecskemét belső identitásának erősítése egy helyi IMAGE–vállalkozó példáján: művészet és marketing Kecskeméten
Authors: Müller Andor
Published: August 2022

Kecskemét belső auditja során a kulturális élet olyan szereplőjét mutatjuk be, aki a helyi vállalkozásokat image-kialakítással segíti. Mint azt látni fogjuk, a kapcsolati háló és kooperatív, kölcsönös előnyökre épülő marketing mindenki lokális identitástudatát erősíti.
POVOS INDÍGENAS E O ENSINO
Authors: Silva Edson
Published: August 2022

Ressaltamos a importância fundamental de abordar os povos indígenas na Educação para as Relações Étnico-Raciais, no reconhecimento dos direitos das sociodiversidades existentes em nosso país. Somos chamados para contribuir na construção de uma sociedade justa, solidária e plural, e no atual momento político diante do amplamente denunciado racismo estrutural, com as diversas formas de preconceitos e discriminações, se faz urgente e necessário garantir as conquistas sociais na Constituição Federal aprovada em 1988, como também as políticas públicas nas legislações posteriores. A partir de uma abordagem crítica do ensino enfatizando a atualidade, a sociodiversidade e a participação dos indígenas nos processos históricos na História do Brasil, contribuindo para compreensão sobre os protagonismos dos povos indígenas nas (des)continuidades históricas
“QUANDO A PESSOA NASCE COM UM DOM, AÍ JÁ VEM COM ELE!”
Authors: Santos da Rocha Adauto , Losada Moreira Vânia Maria
Published: August 2022

Reconhecido oficialmente em 1952, o povo Xukuru-Kariri, habitante em Palmeira dos Índios, município do Semiárido/Agreste alagoano, foi contemplado com a aquisição de uma faixa territorial pelo então Serviço de Proteção aos Índios (SPI) para a formação da Aldeia Fazenda Canto. A partir de 1979, em razão da insuficiência territorial e de outros processos políticos, os indígenas mobilizaram-se para retomarem uma propriedade considerada sagrada que estava sob a posse da Prefeitura Municipal de Palmeira dos Índios, denominada como Mata da Cafurna. No ínterim do reconhecimento estatal e de retomadas territoriais ocorridas nas últimas décadas do século XX, a indígena Maria da Salete Souza, conhecida como Salete Santana e “Dona” Salete, atualmente habitando na Aldeia Mata da Cafurna, exerceu o ofício de parteira por muitos anos até ser contratada para atuar formalmente pela Fundação Nacional do Índio (FUNAI), auxiliando parturientes. A trajetória da “Dona” Salete foi marcada por diversas ocupações entre os Xukuru-Kariri, pois, além de ter trabalhado em uma função extremamente importante para o bom nascimento dos novos indígenas, constituiu grupos de enfrentamento contra capangas e pistoleiros contratados por fazendeiros para impedirem o avanço das retomadas de terra, tão importantes para possibilitar a permanência dos novos integrantes recém-nascidos junto ao povo. Desse modo, entrecruzar as distintas atuações da “Dona” Salete com os registros oficiais possibilitará entendermos os meandros internos de atuação do Estado entre os Xukuru-Kariri e a necessidade de reconquistar territórios invadidos por posseiros e fazendeiros interessados na ampliação da agropecuária e na concentração fundiária, símbolos de poder e fortalecimento das alianças políticas no interior alagoano.
“XICÃO” XUKURU DO ORORUBÁ
Authors: Rodrigues de Souza Edimilson
Published: August 2022

Na cosmologia dos Xukuru do Ororubá habitantes em Pesqueira e Poção/PE, os Encantados são seres que passaram pela experiência da morte física. Mas, não há individualização de nenhum deles, todos são citados genericamente como grandes heróis que morreram enquanto lutavam pelo povo indígena. Ao ser assassinado, “Xicão” Xukuru do Ororubá passou a povoar o panteão dos Encantados, mas como indivíduo, o encantado, e não “um encantado”. Sendo inclusive narrado como uma pessoa com habilidades de encantado mesmo antes da morte física. A partir de referências bibliográficas e principalmente entrevista com indígenas, discutimos a noção de encantado, após do assassinato do líder indígena e os significados do mártir-Encantado “Xicão” ao ser individualizado como “Mandaru”. A força e presença do líder são descritas no ritual do Toré, reconhecidas nos aspectos da Natureza e nas relações dos Xukuru do Ororubá com os não-indígenas. Neste sentido, o nome do Cacique materializa-se nas reivindicações por direitos coletivos (terra, saúde, educação, entre outros) e transforma suas experiências pessoais em atos extraordinários. Ao narrar sobre o Cacique morto como “mártir-encantado” os Xukuru do Ororubá transformam “Xicão” num operador das relações entre pessoas, coisas e mundos.
O IMAGINADO E O CONHECIDO
Authors: Augusto Silva Luis , Peixoto José Adelson Lopes
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é evidenciar algumas perspectivas imagéticas que foram cotidianamente construídas sobre os indígenas desde a chegada dos europeus ao Brasil, no século XVI e como tais imagens circulam na sala de aula da Educação Básica. Para a realização da pesquisa bibliográfica foram utilizados autores como (ALMEIDA, 2010) sobre o lugar dos índios na história, (POMPA, 2011) sobre a presença indígena no Nordeste, (VIEIRA, 2017) com a questão identidade enquanto ressignificação cultural, (AMORIM, 2017) abordando a resistência e a ressurgência indígena no Alto Sertão alagoano. Para fins de percepção das diferenças entre a abordagens teóricas e a prática na sala de aula, realizamos entrevistas com estudantes de nível médio e superior, através de plataformas digitais de comunicação (WhatsApp) o que possibilitou elencar distintas abordagens sobre o indígena nos livros didáticos e nas práticas discursivas dos professores.
INDÍGENAS NA BUSCA PELA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR COMO PRÁTICA DA LIBERDADE
Authors: Silva Maria da Penha da
Published: August 2022

Buscamos refletir sobre os significados da educação superior para os povos indígenas em Pernambuco, considerando que a busca por essa formação acadêmica faz parte de um fenômeno que ocorre em vários países do mundo, onde existem povos que forçosamente foram submetidos às relações de contatos com outros povos de culturas distintas das suas, geralmente oriundos de outros continentes. Ao longo da história, os povos indígenas conquistaram direitos que demandam reconfigurações das relações entre sociedades indígenas e sociedades nacionais, dentre essas, a necessidade de autonomia para a autogestão do mundo indígena. Assim, se configurando a ideia de “Educação como prática da liberdade”. Seja a liberdade individual e/ou coletiva: a primeira, quando essa formação visa a mobilidade social do indivíduo; a segunda, quando essa formação promove a autonomia e autogestão dos territórios por meio da atuação de profissionais indígenas qualificados/as.
Desafios educacionais para indígenas Pankará diante da covid-19
Authors: Silva Jason José da , Silva Leny Maria de Souza
Published: August 2022

O Povo indígena Pankará concentra grande parte da sua população na Serra do Arapuá e na Serra da Cacaria, ambas localizadas no município de Carnaubeira da Penha – PE. Trata-se de Brejos de Altitudes situados na região do Semiárido onde os recursos hídricos são escassos, e historicamente disputados pelas populações indígenas e quilombolas frente ao avanço dos invasores em seus territórios. Ao longo do tempo tornando-se mais difícil o exercício de nossos costumes e práticas “tradicionais”, conforme afirmou Oliveira (2021). Porém, vemos na Educação uma das possibilidades de fortalecimento da nossa cultura e da nossa identidade.
Relato de experiência:
Authors: Santos Cristiano Antônio dos
Published: August 2022

Sou indígena do povo Truká, moro na Aldeia Caatinga Grande, na Ilha de Assunção, Território sagrado dos Truká, em Cabrobó/PE. A Ilha de Assunção é o lugar onde passei a morar desde os meus 2 anos de idade. Antes minha família morava na cidade de Cabrobó, pois tinha sido expulsa da Ilha pelos invasores, e somente durante o processo de reconquista do território voltou para a Ilha. Sou filho de Benedita Maria dos Santos e Antônio Gomes dos Santos, guerreiros em ativa que têm contribuído no Movimento pelos nossos direitos desde do início do processo de retomada do território até o presente momento.
História de migrações e dispersão:
Authors: Menezes Genildo do Nascimento de
Published: August 2022

A partir das nossas vivências, vimos que o povo Pankará Serrote dos Campos tem história semelhante a outros povos situados na Região Nordeste. Pois, nos tempos de chuvas meus bisavós e meus avós plantavam nos seus terrenos que ficavam localizados na Serra do Arapuá, na Serra do Umã, no Olho d'Água do Muniz e na Fazenda Vaca Morta. Ambos, moravam no município de Carnaubeira da Penha/PE, e nos tempos de estiagem eles eram obrigados a descer a Serra do Arapuá e vinham para as margens do Rio São Francisco para garantir o plantio e o sustento da família. Essa trajetória levava uns dias de viagem, os mesmos tinham locais demarcados para fazer suas comidas, dançarem o Toré e por fim descansarem.
Impasses territoriais:
Authors: Santos Luan Moraes dos
Published: August 2022

Buscamos nesse artigo analisar a história recente do povo Xukuru-Kariri, evidenciando a presença indígena a partir da retomada territorial da gleba conhecida como Fazenda Jarra, em Palmeira dos Índios-AL.  Discutindo as formas de organização política tanto dos índios quanto das elites, sobretudo no que diz respeito ao Movimento Palmeira de Todos, ocorrido em 2013, numa tentativa de elucidar rupturas e continuidades na disputa territorial, tendo como pressupostos teóricos as reflexões de Fredrik Barth (1995), Milton Santos (1998) e Manuel Correia de Andrade (2004).
Sağlıkta Şiddet: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz
Authors: YABA Mevsim , DEMİR YURTSEVEN Ecem , TÜRKMENOĞLU Bahar , DAŞLI Yılmaz
Published: August 2022

This study aims to reveal the current situation of the articles written on violence in health by using the bibliometric analysis method, which has become a common problem of all societies. Although there are many studies on various subjects using the bibliometric analysis method, there is no study conducted using Web of Science (WoS) data on violence in health. The data set of the study consists of 13,130 research articles published between 2017-2021 by scanning in WoS on February 3, 2021, using the themes of violence in health, violence and health, violence in healthcare organizations, and violence in health institutions by including titles, abstracts, and keywords. The data were analyzed using the VOSviewer software (version 1.6.17).

The analysis indicated that the United States is the first with 7226 research articles among 165 countries in 5 years, while Turkey is 24th with 145. According to the number of institution-based studies, Columbia University, which ranks first, published 323 research articles, the studies published in the USA received the highest citations (52,093), and Turkey received 527 citations in 5 years. It was found that the most-cited author was Richard Lowry with 1334 citations. It was found that the most frequently used keywords in studies on violence in health were intimate partner violence, violence, violence in health, violence and health, mental health, and violence and domestic violence. This study also revealed that academic studies on violence in health tend to increase over the years.
Análise da tradução do poema O Velho Carvoeiro sob a perspetiva da Linguística Sistémico-funcional
Authors: Wang Chengxu
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo apresenta os resultados da análise da tradução do poema O Velho Carvoeiro, originalmente escrito, em língua chinesa, por Bai Juyi (772-846) e traduzido para a língua portuguesa por António Graça de Abreu. A nossa investigação foi realizada a partir da teoria da Linguística Sistémico-funcional de Halliday, mais precisamente, da perspetiva da metafunção ideacional e teve como principal objectivo identificar como os conceitos da linguística Sistémico-funcional podem, por um lado, servir de apoio aos tradutores durante o processo de escolha das estratégias da tradução e, por outro lado, aumentam a possibilidade de se evitarem erros que normalmente ocorrem nos processos tradutórios. O nosso estudo mostra que a análise da Metafunção ideacional, sendo uma chave importante da Linguística Sistémico-funcional, nos permite interpretar ou seja, descodificar a realização do poema original. Teoricamente, no processo tradutório, deve-se lutar pela equivalência metafuncional, especialmente pela equivalência da metafunção ideacional. Contudo, na prática, em alguns casos, a função do texto não é principalmente compreender a experiência ou transmitir um significado “proposicional” (por exemplo nos poemas), pelo que a equivalência ideacional se torna menos importante. Nesse caso, a tradução precisa de ser analisada a múltiplos níveis (desde níveis mais elevados como o contexto cultural e ideológico até ao nível lexico-gramatical), para encontrar justificação para uma tradução que seja metafuncionalmente desigual mas competente.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA TEORIA COGNITIVA COMPORTAMENTAL NA COMPREENSÃO E TRATAMENTO DA DEPENDÊNCIA QUÍMICA EM JOVENS
Authors: Rodrigues Pinto Gabriel Rodrigues Pinto
Published: August 2022

Introdução: Se tratando da atualidade o consumo de drogas se tornou uma das maiores problemáticas sociais do mundo moderno, nesse sentido a dependência química se tornou uma das maiores preocupações das autoridades políticas bem como da saúde pública, pois afeta significativamente a qualidade de vida dos sujeitos que por ela são acometidos, além de afetar de maneira indireta os indivíduos ali presentes como familiares, amigos e a sociedade como um todo. Objetivo: Com isso o objetivo deste trabalho consiste em compreender como através da psicoterapia a teoria cognitiva comportamental pode auxiliar e agregar no tratamento de dependência química acometido em jovens. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, adotada como método a revisão da literatura, onde foram pesquisados revistas científicas, livros e artigos obtidos a partir das bases de dados eletrônicos Google Acadêmico, Scientific Eletronic Library Online (Scielo), com o foco de apresentar descrições que retratem o tema aqui tratado. Resultados: A teoria cognitiva comportamental procura através da reestruturação cognitiva identificar e modificar os pensamentos automáticos disfuncionais do sujeito, pensamentos esses que levam e mantém o uso de droga, procura acessar as crenças centrais e intermediárias do indivíduo e alterá-las para formas mais funcionais e realistas, trabalhando sempre a autonomia do sujeito e respeitando seu tempo, pois entende-se que a dependência é algo tratado a longo prazo. Conclusão: Despertou-se interesse por este tema devido à preocupação e vontade de entender e minimizar o sofrimento dos jovens acometidos pela dependência.
Portable Bone Imaging Devices for Screening and Diagnosing Osteoporosis
Authors: Khangura Sara D. , Mahood Quenby
Published: August 2022

Limited evidence describing the clinical utility of 2 types of portable bone imaging devices suggest that they may be comparable to DXA for predicting the incidence of fracture, but the findings are uncertain.

Incorporating 1 type of portable bone imaging device into a screening and diagnosis management pathway for osteoporosis was more cost-effective in a Finnish context, compared to an osteoporosis management approach that did not include the portable bone imaging device.

Two guidelines were found that have recommendations about portable bone imaging devices for screening and diagnosing osteoporosis. Both guidelines reported limited evidence on the use of portable bone imaging devices.
Estimation of BDS-3 Difference Code Biases with Satellite Phase Center Offset Correction Applied
Authors: Wang Ningbo , Li Yang , Li Zishen , Wang Liang , Li Zongyi
Published: August 2022

The precise different code bias (DCB) correction information is basically required in the high-precision applications of multi-frequency Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). It is noted that the phase center offset (PCO) errors have not yet been properly handled in the generation of GNSS DCBs. In this paper, we first checked the variation characteristics of satellite PCOs of BeiDou global navigation satellite system (BDS-3), and analyzed the PCO effects on the generated BDS-3 DCBs. The empirical PCO correction model for DCBs (i.e., PCO-corrected-DCB) is then proposed, and the DCB estimation method with PCO correction applied (i.e., PCO-estimated-DCB) is also presented. Using BDS-3 observation data from the International GNSS Service (IGS) stations, the BDS-3 C2I/C1P/C1X-C6I DCBs with/without PCO corrections are estimated. The BDS-3 C2I/C1P single-frequency standard point positioning (SF-SPP) utilizing precise satellite orbits and clocks is performed to check the quality of the generated DCBs. Results show that the differences between DCBs estimated with and without PCO corrections reach 0.60 ns. The DCB discrepancy between different satellite types of BDS-3 is up to 1.16 ns, indicating the PCO errors in the generated DCBs can not be ignored in the associated positioning applications. Compared to the BDS-3 SF-SPP result applying DCBs without PCO corrections, the positioning accuracy improves by 1.0% and 9.6% in horizontal and vertical components for PCO-corrected-DCBs, which corresponds to 5.6% and 15.7% for PCO-estimated-DCBs. Since the temporal variation of PCO errors is properly handled in the estimated DCBs with PCO correction applied, the notable improvement in PCO-estimated-DCB based positioning can be foreseen, compared to the PCO-corrected-DCB based solution.
GNSS and HF radar measurements for detecting F-region irregularities in the Taiwan-Philippines sector
Authors: Tsai Lung-Chih , Su Shin-Yi , Lv Jun-Xian , Liu Chao-Han
Published: August 2022

In this study, a multi-station and multi-instrument system, developed for ionospheric scintillation and equatorial spread-F (ESF) specification in the Taiwan-Philippines sector, is outlined. The issues related to the scintillation and ESF event observed on Oct. 26, 2021, and at magnetic quiet conditions are presented and discussed. We first indicate the existence of a plasma bubble in the Taiwan-Philippines sector using the FormoSat-7 / Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate-2 (FS7/COSMIC2) GPS/GLONASS radio occultation (RO) observations. We verify the latitudinal extent of the tracked plasma bubble using the recorded ionograms from the Vertical Incidence Pulsed Ionospheric Radar (VIPIR) located at Hualien (23.89°N, 121.55°E, dip latitude 17°N), Taiwan. We further discuss the spatial and temporal variabilities of two-dimensional vertical scintillation index VS4 maps based on the simultaneous GPS L1-band signal measurements from 133 ground-based receivers located in Taiwan and the surrounding islands. We also operate two high-sampling software-defined GPS receivers and characterize the targeted plasma irregularities by carrying out spectrum analyses of the received signal. As a result, the derived plasma irregularities moved eastward and northward, and smaller irregularity scale higher the spectral index and stronger scintillation intensity at lower latitudes on the aimed irregularity feature.
Effects of pre-reversal enhancements and gravity wave activity on the characteristics of equatorial plasma bubbles
Authors: Kepkar Ankur , Arras Christina , Wickert Jens , Schmidt Torsten , Alizadeh Mahdi , Schuh Harald
Published: August 2022

The characteristics of equatorial plasma bubbles, which occur during the nighttime and along the course of the geomagnetic equator in the F-region of the ionosphere, are investigated using space-based GPS radio occultation measurements from the FormoSat-3/COSMIC mission. These observations provide unique altitudinal resolution on a global scale. On the other hand, the influence of pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) and gravity wave activity on the plasma bubble characteristics are studied on a long-term basis using the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model and TIMED/SABER measurements, respectively.

The occurrence and altitudinal characteristics of plasma bubbles are investigated in four regions, i.e., America, Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. Both the attributes of plasma bubbles are compared with the PRE and gravity waves to understand the preconditioning as well as the uplift of plasma bubbles. A brief statistical study indicated a strong positive correlation between the occurrence rate of plasma bubbles and PRE, mainly in the American sector, followed by the African, Asian, and Pacific sectors. In addition, a positive correlation was detected between the PRE and plasma bubble altitudes during the solar maximum period. However, a negative correlation was observed during the solar minimum period. Furthermore, gravity wave activity was investigated to understand the influence on plasma bubble altitudes during the solar minimum period. Interestingly, the gravity wave activity seemed to have a significant influence on plasma bubble altitudes during the solar minimum years, while, the PRE controlled them during solar maximum years across different regions during different seasons.

 
   Tropospheric zenith delay as derived from Era-5 reanalysis in Algeria.
Authors: Houaria Namaoui
Published: August 2022

 

Tropospheric delay is one of the important error sources in GNSS positioning and is caused when radio signals broadcasted by GNSS satellites propagate into the neutral atmosphere.

This delay is typically divided into wet and hydrostatic components.  ZTD is described as the sum of the Zenith Hydrostatic Delay (ZHD) and the Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) and can be combined with surface pressure and temperature to estimate the integrated content of water vapour above GNSS station.

The main objective of this study is to compute the tropospheric zenith delay from ERA 5 reanalysis for 3 stations in Algeria which have different types of climate. We opt for using integration method for different level of pressure with ERA5.

The values of tropospheric delay are also compared with delays obtained from radiosondes profiles.

The results of this work shows good agreement with a mean correlation of 0.70, a mean bias of 3 mm and a RMS of 4 mm. We plan to extend this work for GNSS station recording for long periods.

 
A comparison of scale factors for the thermospheric density derived from Satellite Laser Ranging and Accelerometer Measurements to LEO satellites
Authors: Schmidt Michael , Zeitlhöfler Julian , Corbin Armin , Vielberg Kristin , Löcher Anno , Rudenko Sergei , Bloßfeld Mathis , Zeitler Lea , Kusche Jürgen
Published: August 2022

A major problem in the precise orbit determination of Low-Earth-Orbiting (LEO) satellites at altitudes below 1000 km is modeling the aerodynamic drag which mainly depends on the thermospheric density and causes the largest non-gravitational acceleration. Typically, empirical thermosphere models such as NRLMSISE-00, NRLMSIS 2.0, JB2008 or DTM2013 are used to calculate density values at satellite positions. However, since the current thermosphere models cannot provide the required accuracy, unaccounted variations in the thermospheric density may lead to significantly incorrect satellite positions.

In this presentation, we will report about the most important results from our recently published paper Zeitler et al. (2021). In this study we compared for the first time thermospheric density corrections for the NRLMSISE-00 model in terms of scale factors calculated from satellite laser ranging (SLR) measurements to various spherical LEO satellites (Starlette, Stella, Larets, etc.) with the corresponding values from accelerometer measurements on-board CHAMP and GRACE.

Our results demonstrate that both measurement techniques can be used to derive comparable (with correlations of up to 80% and more depending on altitude) scale factors of the thermospheric density with a temporal resolution of 12 hours, which vary around the value 1. This indicates to which extent the NRLMSISE-00 model differs from the observed thermospheric density. On average, during high solar activity, the model underestimates the thermospheric density and should be scaled up using the estimated scale factors. We find a linear decrease of the estimated thermospheric density scale factors above 680 km of about −5% per decade due to climate change.

Furthermore, we validate the approach of deriving scale factors from SLR measurements by using two independent software packages.

Zeitler L., Corbin A., Vielberg K., Rudenko S., Löcher A., Bloßfeld M., Schmidt M., and Kusche J. (2021). Scale factors of the thermospheric density ‐ a comparison of SLR and accelerometer solutions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126, e2021JA029708. doi: 10.1029/2021JA029708
Prediction of Ionospheric Irregularities using a Combination of Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Atabati Alireza , Jazireeyan Iraj , Alizadeh Mahdi , Flury Jakob , Pirooznia Mahmood , Schuh Harald
Published: August 2022

Ionospheric irregularities can be caused by from sun activity variations, which may cause irregularities in electron density within the ionospheric layer and, subsequently, plasma perturbations. Typical examples of these irregularities are ionospheric scintillations. The ionospheric irregularities can cause fluctuations in the signal intensity transmitted from the satellite by reducing the signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, scintillation can lead to extreme fluctuations in the phase of a signal transmitted. Ionospheric irregularities originate destructive effects on radio signals transmitted from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). This phenomenon can generate fluctuations in the signal intensity transmitted from the satellite by decreasing the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmitted wave. The primary purpose of this research will be to detect, model, and predict ionospheric irregularities using a hybrid machine learning algorithm. In addition, using prediction values obtained from the proposed Hybrid models allow measuring the effect of ionospheric perturbations on GNSS ground-based precise positioning accuracy. This modeling and prediction algorithm can contribute to reducing the error of the ionospheric irregularities for satellite-based communication and navigation systems performance. For this purpose, near the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA), GNSS ground-based stations in South America, are recommended since ionospheric disturbances most impact these regions. The proposed method can play a precaution role in alerting GNSS users that the observation epoch will be disturbed by ionospheric perturbations, and GNSS users can eliminate error-infected observations from the dataset.
Integrated processing of GNSS observations of LEO satellites and ground tracking network
Authors: Nie Liangwei , Wang Jungang , Ge Maorong , Schuh Harald
Published: August 2022

Abstract Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), which are fundamental to Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT), play also a critical role for the determination of ITRF and the monitoring of global geodetic parameters, such as geocenter and Earth Rotation Parameters (ERP), thanks to the globally distributed network. The Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites with onboard GNSS receivers as moving stations can significantly improve the observation geometry of a ground tracking network, and thus enhance the solutions. Previous studies have demonstrated that integrated processing of ground GNSS stations and LEO satellites can improve the GNSS satellite orbits and the determination of the geocenter, especially for spare networks. In this study, we further investigate the contribution of having five LEO satellites (two GRACE-FO satellites and three SWARM satellites) to a rather robust ground GNSS network, i.e., 120 stations. We focus not only on the GNSS satellite orbits, and the geocenter and ERP, but also on some other parameters like ambiguities. We further investigate the impact of the LEO orbit modelling and the weighting strategies of the LEO observations in order to properly consider the fact that onboard GNSS observations can be modelled more precisely than that from ground stations due to the differences in station environment and atmosphere.
Testing of a Combined Hatch Filter / RAIM Algorithm for SPP Smartphone Kinematic Positioning in GNSS Harsh Environments
Authors: Haxhi Amarildo , Perakis Harris , Mpimis Thanassis , Gikas Vassilis
Published: August 2022

The release of Android Raw GNSS Measurements API in mid-2016 has enabled the reconstruction of pseudorange, carrier-phase, Doppler and carrier-to-noise density (CN0) observables in low-cost, smart devices.  This technical development has opened the door to numerous applications that necessitate increased Position-Velocity-Time (PVT) quality metrics.  However, despite the recent advances in the field, deficiencies inherent to smartphones GNSS antenna and chipset, still account for excessive biases in the raw GNSS observables and for severe multipath effects in the satellite signal.  RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) techniques is one way to monitor and increase the performance of the PVT solution of a GNSS receiver.  It is an augmentation method to detect and eventually reject anomalous (blunders or outliers) measurements and compute protection levels that bound position errors to preset limits.

The implementation of RAIM technique to smartphone GNSS data is very limited and confined only to static positioning scenarios.  This study presents the results obtained from the testing of the classic RAIM technique in a series of kinematic positioning trials in urban environment using two cotemporary smartphone devices (i.e., Xiaomi Mi 8 and One Plus Nord2 5G).  In order to reconstruct a real use case, the smartphones were mounted on the vehicle dashboard.  The reference trajectory was obtained using a tactical grade GNSS/IMU system (NovAtel® PwrPak7, iMAR IMU-FSAS) fixed on the NTUA test vehicle roof-top sensor platform.  

At a pre-processing stage the raw GNSS data have undergone through a Hatch filer.  This step allows to smooth iteratively the noisy code pseudorange measurements using the precise (but ambiguous) phase carrier measurements.  Data analysis includes two processing strategies. We employ the PANG-NAV open-source software released by LabPANG (PArthenope Navigation Group Laboratory) to compute the SPP (Single Point Positioning) solution in two ways.  We produce the standard and the RAIM-based SPP solution using different parameter setups.  The paper presents quantitative results and comparisons between the two smartphone-based solutions and the reference trajectory, and reveal the potential (benefits and limitations) of using the RAIM technique for smartphone positioning.
Seamless Indoor-Outdoor Transitioning of Pedestrian Platforms
Authors: Gabela Jelena , Retscher Günther , Masiero Andrea , Toth Charles
Published: August 2022

The interest in indoor positioning systems has been rising in the last couple of decades. This interest was further accelerated by the availability of signals of opportunity. The introduction of signals of opportunity into the indoor environments has meant that these widely available technologies can be utilised to achieve higher levels of accuracy and precision for positioning in parking garages, airports, underground locations, large office buildings, and shopping centres. Indoor positioning can also be utilised for emergency services or for Building Information Models (BIM) for purposes such as construction sites or hospital building management. In addition to the need for indoor and outdoor positioning, there is a need to ensure seamless transitions in and out of these different environments. For example, building information from BIM could be utilised for navigation of BIM users that considers the architectural barriers (e.g., for wheelchairs, baby strollers, and transport of large equipment within the facility). For this, a positioning system capable of seamlessly transitioning in and out of buildings is needed. This paper proposes a multi-sensor and cooperative positioning method of seamless environment transition and presents the first architecture concept. For this purpose, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data are planned to be fused with Ultra Wide-Band (UWB), Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi), visual camera and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data. All sensors required for such a positioning system, are already available on modern smartphones commonly used as low-cost platforms for pedestrian navigation and localisation. Newer smartphones are also equipped with LiDAR and UWB chips, which are a future signal of opportunity, just like Wi-Fi currently is. The transition to different environments will be determined based on the UWB anchors called identical anchors that will be used to transition from the global coordinate system for the outdoor environment to the local building environment for positioning in indoor environments. The proposed multi-sensor and cooperative positioning system is expected to be able to achieve decimetre-level accuracy.
Recent Developments in Ionosphere Forecasting: a Machine Learning Perspective
Authors: Durmaz Murat
Published: August 2022

Ionosphere plays an important role in radio communication, positioning and navigation as well as in various Earth observation techniques based on electromagnetic wave propagation. Thus, modeling, monitoring and forecasting of the ionosphere has been a rather active up-to-date research topic and various models have been proposed by different researchers. The availability of globally distributed dual frequency GNSS observations and ionosphere products delivered by the IGS and other institutions provided an unprecedented time series data source for developing ionosphere forecasting models. In addition, the availability of software tools for massively parallel numerical algorithms programmable into Graphical Processing Unit hardware have delivered a boosted computation power available to researchers.  In parallel, the application of machine learning and especially deep learning methods not only into the Ionosphere research but also to various research on Earth sciences have increased. In this work, an overview of recent developments in ionosphere forecasting research is presented with a spot on those which use especially machine learning and deep learning techniques. The opportunities and challenges are listed with a classification of different approaches in the literature. An outlook is provided for further research directions in the use of learning techniques for long and short term forecasting of Ionosphere. And finally, a potential interoperability in dissemination and the use of recently developed forecasting models are discussed.
Real-time precise point positioning using ultra-rapid orbits and predicted clocks
Authors: Tang Longjiang , Wang Jungang , Zhu Huizhong , Ge Maorong , Xu Aigong , Schuh Harald
Published: August 2022

The current real-time precise point positioning (RT-PPP) service heavily relies on the network communication, as the real-time orbits and clocks are updated with seconds. However, the communication interruption cannot be avoided and thus degrades the RT-PPP performance. The new GNSS constellations such as Galileo and BDS or satellite types such as GPS III have stable satellite clock onboard, which facilitates the windows of using predicted orbits and clocks for RT PPP. In this study we investigate the performance of RT-PPP using half-hourly updated multi-GNSS orbits and clocks. An epoch-parallel processing strategy is proposed for efficient GNSS processing, which shortens the latency of multi-GNSS POD of 120 satellites and 90 stations from one-hour, state-of-the-art ultra-rapid POD solution of IGS, to 30-min. The orbits and clocks are further predicted for RT-PPP. We adopt a new weighting strategy based on the orbit and clock prediction precision to exploit the benefit of all satellites. Using this satellite-specific weighting strategy, the 3D accuracy of quad-constellation kinematic RT-PPP in 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-min becomes 0.70 m, 0.49 m, 0.35 m and 0.29 m, respectively. The position accuracy after convergence, which is counted starting from three hours, is 0.10 m in horizontal and 0.14 m in vertical. The PPP performance without considering satellite-specific weighting strategy is about 45% worse. This study is serviceable for the real-time GNSS applications with dm-level accuracy requirement.
GNSS Reflectometry: Novel Remote Sensing of the Earth
Authors: Asgarimehr Milad , Xiao Tianqi , Song Minfeng , Arnold Caroline , Rahmani Mina , Wickert Jens
Published: August 2022

The exploitation of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals after reflection from the Earth’s surface, called GNSS Reflectometry (GNSS-R), is a novel technique for the remote sensing of a variety of geophysical parameters. The demonstration mission, UK TechDemoSat-1 (TDS-1) launched in 2014, carried a spaceborne GNSS-R receiver showing the capabilities of the technique to monitor ocean, land, and the cryosphere. The GNSS-R small satellites need to carry only the low-cost, low-mass, and low-power receivers, which leads to the cost-effective development of multi-satellite constellations. This along with the capability of GNSS-R receivers to track multiple reflected GNSS signals at the same time offer an unprecedented sampling rate and potentially knowledge of the Earth system and the climate beyond those derived from conventional sensors. NASA Cyclone GNSS (CYGNSS), launched in late 2016, is one of the operational constellations with eight microsatellites tracking up to four GPS reflected signals. More missions are in orbit, e.g., constellations launched by Spire (commercial) and Chinese FENGYUN-3E mission. GNSS-R satellites with different objectives will be launched, e.g., ESA Passive REflecTomeTry and dosimetry (PRETTY) CubeSat and ESA HydroGNSS, whose data will be available in 2022 and 2024 respectively.

In this presentation, an overview of selected recent GNSS-R studies at the German Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ will be given. After a brief history of the technique, the principles of the measurements and important GNSS-R missions will be introduced. The ocean surface and wind speed monitoring, from the first products of TDS-1 to recent deep learning-based CYGNSS wind speeds with an RMSE and 1.4 m/s, will be presented. Rain splash alters ocean surface, based on which, rain over calm ocean can be detected. Experiments for precipitation monitoring are carried out. The capabilities of GNSS-R for inland water body detection, land surface, and aridity monitoring in forests is studied.
Precipitable water vapor fusion of MODIS and ERA5 based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Zhang Yushan , Lu Cuixian , Zheng Yuxin , Wu Zhilu
Published: August 2022

Precipitable water vapor (PWV) is a key parameter of the global climate system and the hydrologic cycle. Accurately sensing PWV is of significant importance to understanding the process of global climate change and the hydrologic cycle as well as improving severe weather forecasting. Currently, PWV can be measured and retrieved with various techniques of different accuracies as well as spatial and temporal resolutions, while PWV products still show diverse limitations. In this study, we aim to achieve PWV estimates of high accuracy and resolutions by fusing PWV values derived from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Forecasts (ECMWF) global reanalyzes (ERA5) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) through a convolutional neural network (CNN). Specifically, a CNN-based PWV fusion model which is capable of extracting and fusing information from input features is established to improve the accuracy and spatial resolution of PWV. The region is focused on the west coast of America and the experimental duration lasts for the whole year of 2020. The fused PWV values reveal good agreement with the GNSS PWV values taken as the references, showing the mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.54-0.65 mm and the root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.73-0.90 mm. Compared to MODIS PWV estimates, the fused PWV demonstrates significant improvement in accuracy, with the MAE and RMSE reduced by 79.4% and 76.8%. Meanwhile, they are also superior to the ERA5 PWV, revealing decreases of 35.3% in RMSE and 33.7% in MAE, respectively. Furthermore, the PWV estimates derived from the fusion model are less affected by seasonal variations in terms of accuracy and can provide more detailed and reasonable spatial variation features. The fused PWV values retrieved from the proposed approach contribute to exploiting the full potential of MODIS and ERA5 products and offer promising potential for meteorological applications.
Neural network model of Electron density in the Topside ionosphere (NET)
Authors: Smirnov Artem , Shprits Yuri , Prol Fabricio , Lühr Hermann , Berrendorf Max , Zhelavskaya Irina , Xiong Chao
Published: August 2022

The ionosphere is an ionized part of the upper atmosphere, where the number of electrons in is large enough to affect the propagation of electromagnetic signals, including those of the GNSS systems. Therefore, knowing electron density values in the ionosphere is crucial for both industrial and scientific applications. Here, we employ the radio occultation profiles collected by the CHAMP, GRACE, and COSMIC missions, to model the electron density in the topside ionosphere. We assume a linear decay of scale height with altitude and create a model of 4 parameters, namely the F2-peak density and height (NmF2 and hmF2) and the slope and gradient of scale height in the topside (H0 and dHs/dh). The resulting model (NET) is based on feedforward neural networks and takes as input the geographic and geomagnetic position, the solar flux and geomagnetic indices. The resulting density reconstructions are validated on more than a hundred million in-situ measurements from CHAMP, CNOFS and Swarm satellites, as well as on the GRACE/KBR data, and the developed model is compared to several topside options of the Internation Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model. The NET model yields highly accurate reconstructions of electron density in the topside ionosphere and gives unbiased predictions for all seasonal and solar activity conditions.
Trastornos en los hábitos alimentarios en niños y adolescentes durante el confinamiento en Ecuador, 2021
Authors: Calderón Herrera Nataly Estefanía , Grandes Hidalgo Jenny Susana , Carrión Suarez Freddy , Erazo Cheza Carlos Vinicio
Published: August 2022

Introducción: Se ha reportado que el confinamiento domiciliario por la pandemia de COVID 19 ha ocasionado cambios importantes en los hábitos alimentarios de niños y adolescentes a nivel mundial, comprometiendo su estado nutricional por el incremento de la prevalencia de desnutrición y obesidad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar trastornos en los hábitos alimentarios en niños y adolescentes durante el confinamiento en Ecuador.

Metodología: El presente estudio transversal, incluyó a 1,446 padres o cuidadores primarios de niños y adolescentes ecuatorianos. Con una muestra probabilística se realizó una encuesta validada. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo e inferencial de las variables del estudio con el software estadístico SPSS Versión 25.

Resultados: En confinamiento el 67.8 % (n= 981) de encuestados no realizó cambios en la alimentación. El 79.8 % (n= 791) de las personas ya tenían hábitos saludables y los mantuvo durante el confinamiento, el 20.2 % (n=200) cambió sus hábitos de saludables a no saludables. El 67.5 % (n=307), no tenían hábitos alimentarios saludables y continuaron esta práctica, el 32.5 % (n=148) pasaron de tener hábitos no saludables a saludables. La presencia de “hábitos saludables” se asoció con familias biparentales (OR 1.29, IC 95% 1.04-1.61, P <0.05), 1 a 2 de personas viviendo en la casa (OR 0.56, IC 95% 0.34-0.93, P <0.05), con trabajo presencial (OR 0.69, IC 95% 0.55-0.86, P<0.05), trabajo en relación de dependencia (OR 0.62, IC 95% 0.48-0.80, P <0.05), y cumplimiento de la cuarentena (OR 1.55, IC 95% 1.21-1.98, P<0.05).

Conclusión: Niños y adolescentes en Ecuador, en su mayoría no presentaron cambios en los hábitos de alimentación, siendo estos saludables.
Türkiye Yükseköğretiminin Küreselleşme Boyutunun Yeterlikler Çerçevesinde İncelenmesi
Authors: Yılmaz Şeyda
Published: August 2022

It seems that the young, dynamic and energetic population of Turkey will remain at a stable level for at least half a century. From this point of view, it can be determined that the demand for higher education will increase continuously in the coming period. This situation can make the higher education system more mobile and achieve an interactive form with the rest of the world. It is expected that the examination of the higher education system in the context of qualifications in the context of our country in this study will make the existing research valuable in this respect. Turkey in the academic field in strengthening global and regional position that will contribute to the university research and contribute to the richness of the idea of higher education and quality of education and the qualifications framework for the higher education system affect the development of the capacity increase is very important. Key Words: Higher Education, Academic Development, Qualifications Framework
Panorama general actualizado de la Planeación Estratégica: revisión sistemática cualitativa
Authors: Escobedo Vargas Alpha Elena , Márquez Miramontes Blanca Lidia
Published: August 2022

El presente trabajo es una revisión sistemática cualitativa de literatura sobre Planeación Estratégica, que tiene como objetivo integrar un panorama general actualizado sobre las investigaciones realizadas al respecto. Esta revisión incluye artículos desde 1978 hasta 2017; la selección de éstos se llevo a cabo a partir de la búsqueda en bases de datos de revistas científicas e indexadas en inglés, bajo las palabras clave strategic planning. Tras la selección y criba según criterios que permitían identificar los artículos relacionados con la PE y que contaban además con las características, apartados e indicadores establecidos para el examen, se analizaron 60 artículos. De estos se obtuvo información sobre las variables que se han estudiado en relación con la PE, los objetivos de los estudios, las poblaciones y muestras, así como las técnicas y herramientas que se han utilizado para recolectar información.
Towards Circular Economy: Conceptualization and Common Practices in the Food Industry
Authors: Markosyan D.Z.
Published: August 2022

Circular Economy (CE) is a newly emerged concept in the food industry and it proposes a system, where resources are allocated in an efficient way ensuring sustainable economic growth and environmental protection. To reduce the waste and energy use in the food industry, proper policies and strategies should be enacted through close cooperation between the government and the business sector.
This article studies the CE concept through an integrated literature review. Specifically, the current conceptualizations by scholars and international organizations are presented, followed by a set of recommended practices from the perspective of waste management, resource and energy use.