bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of mycoses on sowing qualities of Sage seeds (Salvia officinalis L.) in the Non-Chernozem soil zone of the Russian Federation
Authors: Toporishcheva M. V. , Korotkikh I. N. , Andreevskaya V. M. , Lisovoy A. M. , Eremina U. V. , Bondareva E. V.
Published: July 2024

Relevance.Medicinal sage is a pharmacopoeial species, a valuable essential oil plant. The method of plantation establishment is predominantly seed-based, and the seed material can retain pathogenic microbiota, so the purpose of the study was to identify mycosis pathogens in the seeds of medicinal sage.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out on samples from the biological collection of Salvia officinalis seeds (as part of the Unique Scientific Installation “Biological Collections of the All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants”). Seeds of the 1st–5th and 9th years of storage were collected from the nurseries of the Experimental Field of the All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Research to identify mycoses of sage seeds was carried out at the All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology in the innovative laboratory of microbiology. To study the phytopathogens of Salvia officinalis seeds, the method of artificial nutrient media was used.

Results. From the study conducted, the effect of predominant pathogen was established. Fungi of the genus Alternaria, when seeds are stored in conditions with a temperature regime of +20...+22℃, have a negative effect on the sowing quality of seeds. Laboratory germination and germination energy of seeds stored in the cold room (0...+5℃) were affected by yeast, a significant decrease in sowing qualities was observed. When seeds were stored in -18℃, the inhibitory effect of temperature on pathogens was found. The dependence of total pathogen infestation on the conditions and term of seed storage was established. The highest percentage of infestation in seeds stored at room temperature was observed in the first 2 years from the time of collection. The development of pathogenic fungi of Alternaria, Phoma and Rhizopus genus was significantly reduced in seeds stored for 5 to 9 years with temperature conditions of 0...+5℃ and -18℃. Rhizopus, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Clonostachys rosea were found in the sample stored for 38 years in the freezer. The dependence of the set of pathogenic microbiota of seeds on the predecessor in the crop rotation was established. The plots from which seeds were collected, except for the sample from the Crimean zonal experimental station of VILR, have different predecessors. The seeds from the first plot showed the highest percentage of fungal infestation with similar pathogen composition. Total infestation and pathogen composition decreased in the second plot. The sample from the third plot was stored for 5 years in the freezer and no seed mycoses were detected in it.
Effect of additional inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum on vegetable pea plants
Authors: Putina O. V. , Putin O. V. , Zhukov V. A. , Besedin A. G.
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Grain of vegetable pea varieties is processed at canning factories, frozen, dried, and consumed fresh. Industrial cultivation of peas can be made more environmentally friendly by using biological preparations that contain growth-stimulating bacteria, for example Rhizobium species. With additional inoculation with rhizobacteria, legumes have higher values of traits characterizing vegetative development, biochemical parameters and yield; their immunity and resistance to abiotic stress increases as well.

Methodology. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of additional inoculation of Rhizobium leguminosarum strain 245a on biometric and physiological parameters and yield of vegetable pea varieties. The experiment was carried out at Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station – a branch of VIR (Krasnodar Region, Krymsk). We studied six commercial cultivar: Prima, Mayak, Alpha 2, Vesta, Parus (leafless morphotype) and Patriot. The seeds were treated the day before sowing with an aqueous solution of the biopreparation Rhizotorfin (produced by ECOS BIOPREPARATIONS, St.Petersburg) and with water in the control variant.

Results. The use of the preparation had a growth-stimulating effect on vegetable pea plants. An increase in the length of plants, the height of attachment of the lower pod and the number of completed pods on the plant was found. An increase in the content of dry matter in the total biomass of plants, stems with leaves and pods was noted when using Rhizotorfin. Also, inoculation with rhizobacteria contributed to an increase in yield. The effectiveness of the biopreparation depended on the conditions of the year. The maximum difference between the values of the studied traits for the control and treatment variants was in 2023 - with a uniform distribution of precipitation and optimal temperatures during the growing season. A genotype-dependent reaction of vegetable pea plants to seed treatment with bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum strain 245a was revealed. The most responsive to additional inoculation is the variety Parus of the leafless morphotype. The values of most biometric and physiological traits and yield in this genotype were significantly higher in the variant with the use of the Rhizotorfin biopreparation. Based on the results obtained, we recommend using the Rhizotorfin biopreparation when growing the variety Parus for commercial production.
Effect of inoculation with microbiological preparations on morphological characteristics and yield of vegetable soybean
Authors: Mullo Panoluisa F. E. , Romanova E. V. , Salazar Flores C. A.
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Vegetable soybean is a special variety with high added value, consumed fresh and harvested at the stage technical ripeness (R6). Accession-A is one of the promising vegetable soybean materials, studied and identified as a result of work that was carried out jointly with the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center in the Moscow Region (FSVC) and the Agrobiotechnology Department of the Agricultural Technological Institute (ATI) of the RUDN University named after Patrice Lumumba. The use of microorganisms to promote atmospheric nitrogen fixation is a common practice in soybean production.

Methodology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of two microbiological preparations based on Sinorhizobium fredii and Bradyrhizobium jaроniсum in order to identify which microbiological preparation gives the best results in terms of morphological indicators and vegetable soybean yield under the conditions region of the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation. The object of the study was accession-A of vegetable soybean. Two types of treatment were carried out: B1 – treatment with a preparation with Bradyrhizobium jaronicum (1 l/t of seeds), B2 – treatment with a preparation with Sinorhizobium fredii (1 l/t of seeds). Control without treatment (K).

Results. According to statistical analysis of biometric indicators, it was found that treatment with S. fredii (B2) had the highest average values for indicators of stem diameter (11.50 mm), lower pod attachment height (11.19 cm), number of branches (3.40 pcs.) and the number of productive nodes (27.48 pcs.). Preparation B2 improved the structure of the crop, influencing the obtainment of the highest indicators of plant weight (30.47 g), seed weight per plant (15.33 g), weight of 1000 seeds (171.25 g), number of seeds per plant (98.50 pcs.), number of seeds in a bean (2.89 pcs.) and seed yield (3.11 t/ha). The use of microbiological preparations based on B. japonicum and S. fredii gave better results compared to the control treatment.
The Supporting Structure of Global Security
Authors: Arbatov A.
Published: July 2024

In the kaleidoscopic events of the current international politics, the destiny of the Russian-American Treaty on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (also known as the New START Treaty and in Russia – as the START-3 Treaty) has moved to the shadow of the world public opinion. In February 2021, the parties extended the New START Treaty by five years – until February 2026, and launched consultations in Geneva on strategic stability including the scope of the follow-on treaty. However, the U.S. interrupted this dialogue in February 2022 in reaction to the special military operation of Russia in Ukraine. Since then the Western states have been increasing their participation in the conflict by massive deliveries of arms and military equipment to Ukraine, as well as by applying unprecedented economic and political sanctions against Russia. On its part, Russia has declared suspension of participation in the New START Treaty on February 21, 2023 in response to the policy of the West, openly aimed at inflicting “the strategic defeat” on Russia, and for some other reasons. Under these conditions, the uncertain future of the New START Treaty and of the endurance of negotiations of the two nuclear superpowers is prone with the expanding crisis of the strategic stability and global security. Disintegration of this bearing construction would most probably trigger the collapse of other crucial agreements in this sphere: the ban on nuclear testing and prevention of nuclear proliferation, prohibition of deployment of nuclear arms in space and on the seabed. Without strategic arms control it would be impossible to expand the process of nuclear disarmament to the third nuclear-armed states and other kinds of weapons and disruptive military technologies.
Analysis of Long-Term Creep Response Characteristics of High Rock Slopes considering Cumulative Effects of Earthquakes
Authors: Yu Meilin , Deng Hongyan
Published: July 2024

In mountain-gorge areas, the rock creep is the critical process for high rock slopes failure. During long-term rock creep, slopes might encounter earthquakes and form further creep after earthquakes. This complex mechanical response process can easily lead to the slope failure. Based on a high rock slope in the Nujiang River Basin, this paper analyzes deformation characteristics and dynamic response characteristics by using FLAC3D software, considering combined effects of multiple earthquakes and long-term creep. Results show that when the amplitude increases, the shear strength of the slope decreases and the risk of instability increases under combined actions of creep and earthquakes. Earthquakes promote the development of creep and induce the accumulation of damage on the slope surface and in the slope. The delayed effect becomes more pronounced as the slope height increases. We need to consider deformation differences of the slope further. The ground motion response on the slope surface is stronger than those in the slope, with the peak occurring at the top of the slope. Earthquakes have a greater impact on the middle and top of the slope surface, where cumulative damage and crack development begin. Reinforcement should be considered in these two places. Vertical earthquake has a great effect on the dynamic response. The phenomenon of slope resonance leads to a larger MPGA in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction. Nonlinear and damping characteristics of the slope and the frequency of seismic waves cause the MPGA to decrease with the increase of amplitudes. This study could promote the development of high rock slope failure mechanism and provide references for the prevention of landslides in the Nujiang River Basin.
Environmental DNA (eDNA) assays for the detection of Ridgway’s Rail (Rallus obsoletus) in the United States
Authors: Guan Xin , Lance Richard , Feist Sheena
Published: July 2024

We designed two novel environmental DNA (eDNA) assays for the detection of Ridgway’s Rail (Rallus obsoletus), and successfully validated each assay using eDNA samples collected from the species’ known distribution within the United States. These assays add to the suite of tools available for the monitoring of this rare and secretive marsh bird, and may help to further elucidate its movement patterns as well as identify important migration corridors. Observed sensitivity of the assays indicates exceptional performance, with limits of detection at ≤ 8 copies of the target eDNA fragment per reaction. Our publication adds to the growing body of literature supporting eDNA surveys as viable tools for bird monitoring endeavors.
Artificial Intelligence in Science: on the Threshold of a New Field of Knowledge?
Authors: Efimov Albert ,   OJSV Sberbank, Krainov Alexander , Fedorov Aleksey , Ageeva Anna , Kardymon Olga , Starikov Pavel ,   MISIS University of Science and Technology,   Yandex LLC,   MISIS University of Science and Technology,   OJSV Sberbank,   Lomonosov Moscow State University,   Artificial Intelligence Research Institute,   Information Technology Center and systems of executive authorities named after A.V. Starovoitov (CITiS)
Published: July 2024

At the Artificial Intelligence for Science: Synergy of Achievements panel discus­sion at the III Congress of Young Scientists that was held in 2023, the usage of AI technology was analyzed on the interdisciplinary level (Biology, Physics, Engineering, Political Science and Philosophy). In this paper, we have analyzed the functions of artificial intelligence in science at all stages of a scientist’s work, from hypothesis formulation to experimentation and scientific communi­cation. Previously advanced scientific tools were concentrated in state-funded research centers. The emergence of the artificial intelligence (AI) and super­computers is changing this paradigm: research and development often turn out to be in the hands of private companies. This state of affairs can be compared to a situation where half of the best modern microscopes would be in profit-driven organizations. The rapid development of AI has led to an intensive pene­tration of new technologies into scientific research, but at the same time has raised a number of concerns about their use. The new realities may cause a slowdown in scientific progress. In order to exclude this negative scenario, the authors of the article propose to consider the possibility of creating a sepa­rate scientific field of knowledge – Machine Epistemology, which would com­bine the philosophical approach and achievements in the field of AI. Such a so­lution, according to the authors, would allow us to most efficiently use new technologies to achieve progress in science and set ambitious tasks for hybrid interaction between scientists and artificial intelligence.
Ex Oriente lumen naturale rationis: how East and West met
Authors: Zheleznova Natalia ,   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The book under review is devoted to īśvaravāda – Indian philosophical theism in the con­text of the polemics between theists and antitheists. The author traces the history of the con­cepts of “theism” and “philosophical theism” in European philosophy and provides a jus­tification for the possibility of applying these concepts to medieval India. The publication examines three versions of īśvaravāda (in classical Yoga, Advaita-Vedānta, Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika and bhakti-schools of Vedānta), accompanied by translations from Sanskrit sec­tions of texts that present the arguments of Indian theists. The author of the review em­phasizes the relevance of the book for modern philosophical discussions. At the same time, the unjustified limitation of V.K. Shokhin’s use of the astika-nāstika juxtaposition in the context of pan-Indian polemics and some negligence in the use of diacritics in transliterating Sanskrit terms is discussed.
I believe because it has been repeated: D. Hume’s belief and the illusory truth effect
Authors: Derzhavina Natalia ,   State Academic University for the Humanities
Published: July 2024

The illusory truth effect is becoming a particularly relevant field for cognitive research today. Meanwhile, the conclusions that researchers draw from numerous experiments refer mainly to single discrete “truths” that can be viewed independently of one another. The present study takes into account the emergent nature of subjective knowledge, since it is such knowledge that can be evaluated in the categories of certainty and doubt. It seems that this will allow to expand and complement ideas about the principles of belief formation in separate constituent parts of “knowledge”. David Hume’s analysis of “A Treatise of Human Nature” and “An Enquiry into Human Understanding” presents the necessary theoretical tools for this. The analysis of Hume’s conception of “belief” through the dynamic (differing in degree) characteristics of “strength” and “vividness” leads to the conclusion that belief can be seen as an inner sensation, that is, as a subjective characteristic of knowledge. Among other things, it is pointed out that conviction through mechanisms of association will be communicated to abstract ideas as well. The greater the number of reinforcing beliefs, the stronger the belief in the abstract idea, which is reinforced by primary ideas derived from impressions. But in the end, the abstract idea itself begins to translate the “credibility” (that is, to generate belief) to the information to which it is applied. For the concept of the illusory truth effect, this may mean that in some cases our conviction of a particular non-truth will encourage us to further resist or refuse to accept the truth, even when we encounter it directly through the senses or through logical inference.
Boris de Schloezer on the Early 20th Century Russian Philosophy
Authors: Vorozhikhina Ksenia ,   RAS Institute of Philosophy
Published: July 2024

The publication highlights the period of cooperation between the music and literary critic, translator and writer Boris Fedorovich Schloezer with the critical and bibliographic department of the St. Petersburg “political, social and literary” liberal newspaper “Birzhevye Vedomosti”, which from the middle of 1916 was headed by A.L. Volynsky. In 1916 Schloezer published reviews of a collection of articles by V.I. Ivanov “Furrows and Boundaries”, on the books of N.A. Berdyaev “The Meaning of Creativity (The Experience of Justifying Man)” and S.L. Frank “The Subject of Knowledge”. If the works of Berdyaev and Ivanov provoked criticism of the author of the reviews, the book of Frank (along with the works of N.O. Lossky (“Justification of Intuitionism”, “Introduction to Philosophy”) and P.B. Vysheslavtsev (“Ethics of Fichte”)), according to Schloezer, testifies to a new trend in Russian philosophy – a turn towards ontology and the revival of metaphysics. In addition to the published articles this publication presents a response to Ivanov’s collection “Native and Universal” and the article “Russian Philosophical Thought”, written by Schloezer in 1917–1918. They, apparently, never appeared on the pages of the newspaper, but were preserved in the Volynsky archive (RSALA, fund 95). Schloezer’s article on modern Russian philosophy is a review of the latest philosophical literature: S.L. Frank’s “Man’s Soul”, N.O. Lossky’s “The World as an Organic Whole”, E.N. Trubetskoy’s “Metaphysical Assumptions of Cognition”, I.A. Ilyin’s “Philosophy of Hegel as the Doctrine of the Concreteness of God and Humanity”, as well as the collection “Thought and Word” edited by G.G. Shpet. The publication sheds light on the un known pages of Schloezer’s intellectual biography.
GZMK+CD8+ T cells Target A Specific Acinar Cell Type in Sjögren’s Disease
Authors: Pranzatelli Thomas JF , Perez Paola , Ku Anson , Matuck Bruno Fernandes , Huynh Khoa , Sakai Shunsuke , Abed Mehdi , Jang Shyh-Ing , Yamada Eiko , Dominick Kalie , Ahmed Zara , Oliver Amanda , Wasikowski Rachael , Easter Quinn T , Baer Alan N , Pelayo Eileen , Khavandgar Zohreh , Gupta Sarthak , Kleiner David E , Magone M Teresa , Lessard Christopher , Farris A Darise , Burbelo Peter D , Martin Daniel , Morell Robert , Zheng Changyu , Rachmaninoff Nicholas , Maldonado-Ortiz Jose , Qu Xufeng , Aure Marit H , Dezfulian Mohammad H , Lake Ross , Teichmann Sarah , Barber Daniel L , Tsoi Lam C , Sowalsky Adam G , Tyc Katarzyna M , Liu Jinze , Gudjonsson Johann E , Byrd Kevin M , Johnson Philip LF , Chiorini John A , Warner Blake M
Published: July 2024

Sjögren's Disease (SjD) is a systemic autoimmune disease without a clear etiology or effective therapy. Utilizing unbiased single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to analyze human minor salivary glands in health and disease we developed a comprehensive understanding of the cellular landscape of healthy salivary glands and how that landscape changes in SjD patients. We identified novel seromucous acinar cell types and identified a population of PRR4+CST3+WFDC2-seromucous acinar cells that are particularly targeted in SjD. Notably, GZMK+CD8 T cells, enriched in SjD, exhibited a cytotoxic phenotype and were physically associated with immune-engaged epithelial cells in disease. These findings shed light on the immune response's impact on transitioning acinar cells with high levels of secretion and explain the loss of this specific cell population in SjD. This study explores the complex interplay of varied cell types in the salivary glands and their role in the pathology of Sjögren's Disease.
Sero-epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza viruses among wild birds in subarctic intercontinental transition zones
Authors: Gass Jonathon D. , Dusek Robert J. , Hill Nichola J. , Borkenhagen Laura K. , Hall Jeffrey S. , Hallgrimsson Gunnar Thor , Bishop Mary Anne , Ramey Andrew M. , Spivey Timothy J. , Vignisson Solvi Runar , Ragnarsdottir Sunna Bjork , Halldórsson Halldór Pálmar , Jónsson Jón Einar , Simulynas Alexa D. , Nutter Felicia B. , Puryear Wendy , Runstadler Jonathan A.
Published: July 2024

Background: The geographic expansion and evolution of A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996(H5N1) (Gs/GD) lineage H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses since 1996 have raised awareness of enzootic circulation among migratory birds and the potential for intercontinental transport and spread. Recent Pacific- and Atlantic-route introductions of HPAI to North America were facilitated by avian migration through subarctic zones, specifically Alaska and Iceland. This study aimed to identify recent historical patterns of exposure to HPAI viruses among birds within and migrating through both regions and evaluate how geographic, demographic, and taxonomic differences contribute to exposure risk at two intercontinental staging locations.
Methods: During 2010-2019, blood samples were obtained from captured wild migratory seabirds and waterfowl in Alaska and Iceland. All live birds were released following completion of sampling. Sampling date, species, sampling location, and age class was documented for each bird, and sex was documented when possible. Lentiviral pseudoviruses that express the influenza hemagglutinin surface glycoprotein for H5Nx HPAI and H5 low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) were constructed for use in serological assays to screen for and quantify titers of antibodies against the latter viruses. Data were analyzed to compare (a) categorical baseline ecological traits between Iceland and Alaska, and (b) ecological traits between birds identified to be seropositive and suggestive/seronegative/fully cross-reactive birds to H5Nx HPAI in Iceland and Alaska. Factors associated with seroreactivity to H5Nx HPAI and H5 LPAI were assessed.
Results:The seroprevalence of HPAI among birds in both locations was 7.3% (112/1526). Findings reveal variability in seroprevalence by year, higher rates of exposure to H5 LPAI than H5Nx HPAI overall, and significantly more seropositive and suggestive exposure of birds to H5Nx HPAI in Alaska as compared to Iceland. Geographic, demographic, and taxonomic differences contribute to exposure risk between Alaska and Iceland. Most tested birds were immuno-naïve to HPAI in both locations, which indicates many migratory birds in the subarctic are susceptible to HPAI infection, demonstrating substantial risk for intercontinental transmission between Asia, Europe, and North America.
Conclusions: Our findings provide further justification for increased viral and serosurveillance in Alaska and Iceland to monitor subarctic movements of migratory birds and intercontinental transmission dynamics of currently circulating and new strains of HPAI globally.
Supplementation with Aspergillus oryzae decreases intestinal and fecal methane emissions and affects the production performance of beef cattle
Authors: Zhang Hongrui , Sun Kaijia , Fu Tong , Zhang Liyang , Lian Hongxia , Li Gaiying , Gao Tengyun
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to assess the impact of Aspergillus oryzae supplementation on CH4 emissions and the production performance of beef cattle. Sixteen healthy Simmental crossbred steers (552.38 ± 35.48 kg) were randomly assigned to either a control group (CG, basal diet) or an A. oryzae group (AO, basal diet + 6 g A. oryzae per head daily). CH4 emissions from enteric fermentation and manure, production performance, nutrient and energy digestibility, rumen fermentation parameters, and microbial populations were evaluated. The results showed that A. oryzae supplementation did not significantly affect average daily gain (ADG) or dry matter intake (DMI), though ADG increased by 11.11%. The AO group exhibited a 36.41% increase in apparent NDF digestibility (P < 0.05), a significant reduction in ammonia-N (P < 0.05), and elevated rumen fungi and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens populations while reducing protozoa and methanogens; CH4 emissions from enteric fermentation and manure decreased by 18.78% (P < 0.05) and 56.55%, respectively. In summary, supplementation with A. oryzae effectively lowers CH4 emissions both enteric fermentation and manure without compromising beef cattle production performance.
Outcome analysis of pulsed radiofrequency for cervical facet joint pain: Can we predict it with sagittal alignment parameters ?
Authors: Yen Cheng-Yo , Lin Sheng-Min , Chen Hong Yu , Wang Shih-Wei , Tsai Yu-Duan , Chye Cien-Leong , Chen Te-Yuan , Wang Hao-Kuang , Wang Kuo-Wei
Published: July 2024

Background
Neck pain due to cervical facet joint pain has a prevalence of 36–60% in chronic neck pain. Pulsed radiofrequency for such pain has been verified. After proper patient selection, pulsed radiofrequency of the cervical facet joints provide long-term pain relief in a routine clinical setting.
Objective
We analyzed the factors from the clinical data and sagittal alignment parameters and investigated the predictors of pulsed radiofrequency for cervical facet joint pain
Methods
There were 204 patients with cervical facet joint pain who received a medial branch block and pulsed radiofrequency between 2015 and 2020. The patients were classified into good and poor outcome groups based on the improvement of the pain score. Clinical and radiological data were analyzed.
Results
Multivariable logistic model showed that the predictors were cervical lordosis including two methods, ossification of the nuchal ligament, number of facet joints, anterior cervical discectomy with fusion, and adjacent facet joint after anterior cervical discectomy with fusion.
Conclusion
With the results, we demonstrated that the outcome were related to cervical lordosis, formation of ossification of nuchal ligament, the number of facet joints, post anterior cervical discectomy with fusion, and adjacent facet joint post anterior cervical discectomy with fusion .
The value of preoperative puncture pain assessment in predicting pain levels after total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Li Bin , Xu Kaige , Guo Tianyu , Jiang Yaping , Wang Yingzhen , Li Tao
Published: July 2024

Background
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has provided reliable benefits for patients with end-stage degenerative osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip, specifically relief of hip pain, functional recovery, and overall quality of life improvement.Postoperative pain after THA is a frequently reported adverse effect, and prevention of postoperative pain after arthroplasty is particularly important in the treatment program.
Methods
We performed visual analogue scale (VAS) scores by preoperative puncture stimulation, relied on the scores for grouping, compared the changes in VAS scores in the resting and exercise states after surgery. Ninety-eight patients who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from November 2023 to March 2024 for primary THA in our hospital were selected. The patients were grouped based on the pain of puncture during preoperative blood collection, and the VAS scores at rest and exercise were recorded at 1d, 2d, and 3d postoperatively. P < 0.05 indicates statistical significance.
Results
Postoperative VAS scores differed between patients with different preoperative VAS scores. Patients with low preoperative VAS scores had low postoperative VAS scores. Postoperative resting pain VAS scores at 1d, 2d, and 3d were increased in patients with preoperative scores of 3 and 4 compared with the cohort of patients with score of 1, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The dynamic pain VAS scores of subgroup 5 were higher than those of subgroup 1 and subgroup 2 at 1d, 2d postoperatively, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05), but the difference was not significant and not statistically significant at 3d.
Conclusions
Patients with low preoperative VAS scores will also have low postoperative VAS scores, and preoperative assessment of patients' VAS scores can predict postoperative VAS scores to some extent.
Effect of sage extract as a natural antioxidant on shear bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets bonded to bleached teeth: An in vitro study.
Authors: Zaino Nagham , Rajeh Nada , Khazem Mays
Published: July 2024

Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sage extract, a natural antioxidant, on the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal orthodontic brackets bonded to bleached enamel with 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP).
Methods and Materials
The sample consisted of 100 maxillary premolars, which were divided into five groups: group I (control, no bleaching), group II (bleaching using HP40% + immediate bonding after bleaching), group III (bleaching using HP40% + SA10% + bracket bonding), group IV (bleaching using HP40% + sage extract 10% + bracket bonding) and group V (bleaching using HP40% + sage extract 20% + bracket bonding). All teeth were bonded using composite resin cement and immersed in distilled water for 24 hours. The shear bond strength (SBS) was assessed by a universal testing machine (Instron) after 24 hours of bracket bonding. After debonding the brackets, the residual adhesive remnant index (ARI) was checked using a stereoscope at 20x magnification. The statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA to determine differences among the five groups and the least significant difference (LSD) test for bilateral comparisons of the average shear bond strength of the brackets. For the ARI, the Kruskal‒Wallis test was performed.
Results
ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences among the five groups (р<0.001). Compared with those in the bleached group without antioxidant treatment, the shear bond strengths of the groups treated with 10% and 20% sage extracts significantly improved. According to the LSD test, there was no significant difference between the groups treated with 10% and 20% sage extracts (р>0.05). The Kruskal‒Wallis test revealed no statistically significant differences between the frequencies of the residual adhesive remnant index (ARI) among the five study groups, with the most frequent score being (2).
Conclusion
The shear bond strength of brackets bonded to bleached teeth can be improved by applying 10% and 20% sage extracts immediately after bleaching and before bracket bonding.
Development of genogroup-specific ELISA based on the VP1 protein to detect antibodies to GIV and GVI feline norovirus
Authors: Takano Tomomi , Tsuhama Hideyuki , Matsumoto Yuka , Doki Tomoyoshi , Kusuhara Hajime
Published: July 2024

Feline norovirus (FNoV) is a potential pathogen of feline gastroenteritis and has two gene groups (GVI and GVI). Fewer epidemiological studies have been conducted on FNoV. We designed two ELISAs to identify genogroup-specific FNoV antibodies for serological surveillance. Analysis of sera from cats experimentally infected with GIV/GVI FNoV and SPF cats confirmed that the two recombinant proteins react in a genogroup specific manner. Among 183 samples, GIV FNoV and GVI FNoV antibody-positive rates were 6.6 and 26.2%, respectively. The FNoV antibodies of both genogroups were detected in sera collected in 2005, seven years before the presence of FNoV was reported.
Investigation of the formation and variability of dissolved inorganic carbon and dissolved organic carbon in the water of a small river (on the example of the Styr River, Ukraine)
Authors: Biedunkova Olha , Kuznietsov Pavlo
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the results of a study on the dynamics in the concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in water samples collected from the Styr River between 2019 and 2022. The concentrations of DIC and DOC were measured using an Elementar liqui TOC II analyzer. The study methodology involved analyzing the changes in DIC and DOC concentrations and their relationship with flow rates, temperature, seasonality, and other indicators such as hydrogen pH levels, total alkalinity (TA), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The purpose of this article is to identify patterns in the formation and changes of DIC and DOC concentrations in the Styr River. The concentrations of DIC and DOC in the samples ranged from 1.55-4.93 mM and 0.49-1.43 mM, respectively, with DOC accounting for an average of 22% of the total dissolved carbon content. The highest DOC concentrations were observed in summer, while the highest DIC concentrations were observed in winter. Based on the results, it can be concluded that water flow and temperature have an impact on DOC concentration, while flow, temperature, and pH affect DIC concentration. There was no correlation between DIC and DOC concentrations, but a strong positive relationship (r=0.9056, p<0.001) was found between DIC and TA concentrations. Therefore, the main factors influencing DIC in the Styr River are those that affect the carbonate equilibrium, such as leaching of carbonate and silicate rocks, CO2 absorption from the atmosphere, and changes in pH. Additionally, the concentration of DOC is influenced by biological activity and is higher during the warm season. These findings can be used to develop a strategy for managing water resources in the Styr River basin and to assess and predict the ecological state of the river.
The association between physical activity levels and quality of life in elderly lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hou Xijie , Lian Siqin , Liu Weichen , Li Ming , Ling Ying
Published: July 2024

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the association between physical activity(PA) levels and quality of life(QOL) in elderly lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Methods
208 elderly lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were recruited by convenient sampling at two tertiary A hospitals in Guangxi from October 2023 to March 2024. The Evaluation of PA Levels by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was conducted and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung (FACT-L) was utilized to measure the QOL. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors correlated with QOL.
Results
Out of 208 elderly patients with lung cancer who were undergoing chemotherapy, 119 (57.20%) had low-level PA, 79 (38.00%) had moderate-level PA, and 10 (4.80%) had high-level PA. The mean score of FACT-L was 95.41 ± 15.01, and FACT-L was correlated with age, residency, education level, and per capita monthly household income (p < 0.05). Moderate to high PA levels explained 19.4% of the variation in QOL among elderly patients undergoing chemotherapy for lung cancer.
Conclusion
Elderly lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy exhibited lower levels of PA. The increase in PA levels was associated with better QOL. Treatment options for elderly lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy may involve PA plans to boost their QOL. It's vital to evaluate the patient's physical condition and functional level when creating these plans to ensure safety and effectiveness, thereby increasing patient engagement and maximizing enhancements in their QOL.
PRP infusion for persistent thin endometrium in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles: when should we start?
Authors: Hou Zhijin , Ren Yuan , Liang Yu , Ye Lin , Wu Tianrui , Yang Man , Jiang Fangjie , Meng Yushi
Published: July 2024

Background
A thin endometrium often leads to the failure of assisted reproduction. Improving endometrial thickness and clinical outcomes in these patients is a significant challenge in reproductive medicine. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) intrauterine infusion is commonly used to treat thin endometrium. However, due to limited clinical research, the optimal timing, benefits for endometrial growth, and appropriate frequency and intervals of PRP infusion remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the optimal timing for the first intrauterine infusion of PRP in the FET cycle of patients with a thin endometrium?
Methods
The authors retrospectively analyzed 61 FET cycles involving the patients had endometrial thickness less than 7mm in the prior FET cycle between June 2023 to December 2023. A total of 61 patients were categorized into three groups: Group 1 received the first PRP infusion of on the ≤ 13th day of the FET cycle (n = 27); Group 2 received the first PRP infusion after the > 13th day of the FET cycle (n = 21).; and the control group (n = 13).
Results
After PRP treatment, compared to the control, the group1 showed greater increases in endometrial thickness, blood flow and a higher rate of β-hCG positivity; the group 2 showed greater degree of endometrial thickening. Compared to the group 2, the group1 showed higher increases in the depth of uterine artery blood flow and higher rate of β-hCG positivity.
Conclusions
Completing the first treatment between days 10–13 of the FET cycle had a more significant effect on increasing endometrial thickness, blood flow and pregnancy outcomes in patients with thin endometrium.
Experimental Study of Oxy-fuel Combustion and Emission Characteristics using a 10 kWth Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustor
Authors: Kim Dong Won , Lee Jong Min , Lee Gyu Hwa , Park Kyoung Il
Published: July 2024

Pressurized oxy-fuel combustion (POFC) is a promising carbon capture and storage technology because of its ability for efficient CO2 capture and storage at a relatively low cost. However, the experimental studies conducted on this technology considering pressurized conditions are limited compared with those conducted considering atmospheric conditions. Thus, further investigation on the performance and environmental emissions of oxy-fuel combustion is necessary. In this study, oxy-fuel combustion experiments were conducted using a 10 kWth fluidized bed combustion (FBC) test rig at pressures ranging from 3 to 8 bar(g). The effects of combustion pressure, oxygen concentration, and cofiring with different fuels on combustion temperature, unburned carbon, combustion efficiency, as well as SOx and NOx emissions were examined. The experimental results showed that the CO2 concentration in the flue gas exceeds 90% in all POFC scenarios, thus facilitating the carbon capture process. Additionally, by increasing the combustion pressure, the unburned carbon and CO concentrations in the fly ash are reduced, thereby improving combustion efficiency. Furthermore, the variations in NO, NO2, N2O, and SO2 emissions were measured to assess their environmental impact. Moreover, cofiring tests using biomass under pressurized oxy-fuel conditions (5 bar(g), 30% O2:70% CO2) showed that POFC in a fluidized bed is environmentally friendlier and more efficient for energy production when burning a mixture of coal and biomass than other combustion methods.
Molecular and clinical characterization of a founder mutation causing G6PC3 deficiency
Authors: Zhen Xin , Betti Michael , Kars Meltem Ece , Patterson Andrew , Medina-Torres Edgar Alejandro , Mendoza Selma Cecilia Scheffler , Sánchez Diana Andrea Herrera , Lopez-Herrera Gabriela , Svyryd Yevgeniya , Mutchinick Osvaldo , Gamazon Eric , Rathmell Jeffrey , Itan Yuval , Markle Janet , Romanillos Patricia O’Farrill , Lugo-Reyes Saul Oswaldo , Martinez-Barricarte Ruben
Published: July 2024

G6PC3 deficiency is a monogenic immunometabolic disorder that causes syndromic congenital neutropenia. Patients display heterogeneous extra-hematological manifestations, contributing to delayed diagnosis. Here, we investigated the origin and functional consequence of the G6PC3 c.210delC variant found in patients of Mexican origin. Based on the shared haplotypes amongst carriers of the c.210delC mutation, we estimated that this variant originated from a founder effect in a common ancestor. Furthermore, by ancestry analysis, we concluded that it originated in the indigenous Mexican population. At the protein level, we showed that this frameshift mutation leads to an aberrant protein expression in overexpression and patient-derived cells. G6PC3 pathology is driven by the intracellular accumulation of the metabolite 1,5-anhydroglucitol-6-phosphate (1,5-AG6P) that inhibits glycolysis. We characterized how the variant c.210delC impacts glycolysis by performing extracellular flux assays on patient-derived cells. When treated with 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG), the precursor to 1,5-AG6P, patient-derived cells exhibited markedly reduced engagement of glycolysis. Finally, we compared the clinical presentation of patients with the mutation c.210delC and all other G6PC3 deficient patients reported in the literature to date, and we found that c.210delC carriers display all prominent clinical features observed in prior G6PC3 deficient patients. In conclusion, G6PC3 c.210delC is a loss-of-function mutation that arose from a founder effect in the indigenous Mexican population. These findings may facilitate the diagnosis of additional patients in this geographical area. Moreover, the in vitro 1,5-AG-dependent functional assay used in our study could be employed to assess the pathogenicity of additional G6PC3 variants.
An integrated multi-omics analysis identifies novel regulators of circadian rhythm and sleep disruptions induced by changed photoperiod in Antarctica
Authors: Xu Chengli , Liu Shiying , Wang Jianan , Tian Xuan , Zhang Zhigang , Wang Liping , Xiong Yanlei , Liu Xinyuan , Xie Yalei , Wu Xiaopei
Published: July 2024

Light is a dominant zeitgeber for biological clocks, and its regulatory mechanism for sleep-wake activity has been extensively studied. However, the molecular pathways through which the Antarctic unique photoperiod, i.e. polar days in summer and polar nights in winter, affects human sleep and circadian rhythm remain largely unidentified, despite previous studies have observed delayed circadian rhythm and sleep disruptions of expeditioners during polar nights. In this study, we conducted comprehensive dynamic research of the expeditioners during their residence in Antarctica for over one year. By integrating the phenotypic changes with multi-omics data, we tried to identify the novel candidate regulators and their correlation networks involved in circadian and sleep disorders under the extreme photoperiod. We found that during the austral winter, expeditioners exhibited delayed bedtime and get up time, reduced sleep efficiency, and increased sleep fragmentation. Meanwhile, serum dopamine metabolite levels significantly increased, while serotonin metabolites and antioxidants decreased. These changes were accompanied by altered expression of genes and proteins associated with neural functions, cellular activities, transcriptional regulation, and so on. Through the correlation and causal mediation analysis, we identified several potential pathways modulating human sleep-wake activity, involving genes and proteins related to neural function, glucose metabolism, and extracellular matrix homeostasis, as well as some lncRNAs. Based on the identified causal mediators, LASSO regression analysis further revealed a novel candidate gene, Shisa Family Member 8 (SHISA8), as a potential key regulatory hub in this process. These findings shed light on the probable molecular mechanisms of sleep disorders in Antarctica and suggested SHISA8 as a novel candidate target for the medical intervention of sleep disorders under changed light-dark cycle.
A study of the mediating effect of daily mobility between heart disease and depressive symptoms in older women and its potential profile analysis
Authors: LIN Lu , HE Pingping , OUYANG Wentao , QIU Xiaohui , QIU Sihui , CHEN Jiangping
Published: July 2024

Background
To explore the mediating effect of daily activity ability between heart disease and depressive symptoms in elderly women, and to analyze the potential categories of daily activity ability in elderly women in China, so as to provide a reference basis for preventing and intervening in the development of depressive symptoms in elderly women.
Methods
Using the 2020 CHARLS data, stepwise regression analysis and Bootstrap mediation test were used to analyze the mediating effect of daily activity capacity between heart disease and depressive symptoms in elderly women, and latent category approach was used to identify the categories of daily activity capacity in elderly women in China.
Results
Three thousand seven hundred and ninety-three elderly women were included, with a prevalence of heart disease of 30.13% and a detection rate of depressive symptoms of 49.27%.Spearman's correlation analyses showed a positive correlation between the prevalence of heart disease and impaired ability to perform activities of daily living (r=0.157, P < 0.01), and between the prevalence of heart disease and depressive symptoms (r=0.108, P < 0.01), and ability to perform daily living activities impaired was positively associated with depressive symptoms (r = 0.321, P < 0.01). The results of the mediation effect test showed that ability to perform daily activities partially mediated the relationship between heart disease and depressive symptoms, with a mediation effect value of 0.0401 for ability to perform daily activities on depressive symptoms, and a mediation effect of 29.55% of the total effect. Potential profiles were categorized into 2 groups, the no impairment group (91.4%) and the impairment group (8.6%).
Conclusion
The types of daily activity ability of elderly women in China are heterogeneous and can be categorized into 2 types. Heart disease can have a certain impact on the depression symptoms of elderly women through daily activity ability, and comprehensive interventions should be taken to improve the heart health of elderly women, reduce the prevalence of heart disease, and improve the daily activity ability of elderly women, thereby preventing the occurrence of depression symptoms in elderly women.