bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bismuth Electrocatalyst Enabling Reversible Redox Kinetics of a Chelated Chromium Flow Battery Anolyte
Authors: Proctor Aaron D. , Robb Brian H. , Saraidaridis James D. , Marshak Michael P.
Published: February 2022

Metal electrocatalysts have been reported to improve the electron transfer kinetics of aqueous redox flow battery electrolytes on various types of carbon electrodes. In this work, we electrodeposited bismuth metal onto a carbon paper anode of a redox flow battery containing our previously reported polyaminocarboxylate-chelated chromium electrolyte. Depositing 0.58 mg cm–2 of bismuth metal enabled an electrochemically reversible electron transfer for the Cr(II)/Cr(III) couple, resulting in a 3.9% voltage efficiency increase over ten cycles at 100 mA cm–2 across an 80% state of charge window, while maintaining >99% current efficiency. The bismuth electrocatalyst provided other improvements, such as a 13% increase in average discharge power density when cycling at 80% energy efficiency, along with a 60% decrease in charge transfer resistance and 12% decrease in the full cell area specific resistance. A chelated bismuth complex was also utilized as a bismuth source for electrodeposition, providing an example of how polyaminocarboxylate ligands can be further implemented into efforts towards improving the energy efficiency of aqueous redox flow batteries.
Compartment Syndrome following Below-Knee Amputation
Authors: Gerry Adam S. , Christopher Zachary K. , Patel Karan , Kile Todd A. , Bingham Joshua S.
Published: February 2022

In the setting of below-knee amputation, compartment syndrome is a rare complication. Early clinical symptoms of an acute compartment syndrome following below-knee amputation can mimic or be masked by postoperative pain management. We present the case of a 38-year-old male with a significant past medical history of Proteus syndrome who underwent an elective transtibial below-knee amputation. Following surgery, the patient had extensive postoperative pain and high pain medication requirements and returned to the operating room for irrigation and debridement due to suspicion of an infection. Upon return to the operating room to manage the infection, the necrotic tissue was discovered and removed which had developed due to a suspected missed acute compartment syndrome. The necrotic tissue secondary to the compartment syndrome subsequently resulted in infection. Multiple irrigation and debridement procedures were performed to further manage the infection, and ultimately, the patient was deemed stable for discharge. Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) following below-knee amputation (BKA) is a rarely documented but critical complication. This case describes the unique setting in which a compartment syndrome can be masked due to postoperative pain management and infection. Orthopedic surgeons should be aware of the varying risk factors and presentations of an acute compartment syndrome (ACS) as it can occur and is a devastating complication.
Language and Literature Layout Integrating Text Image Preprocessing Algorithm
Authors: Wang Lirong , Fu Cui , Fu Gaixia
Published: February 2022

The Chinese language and literature layout has important application value. How to quickly and efficiently deal with the huge amount, diverse forms, and complex content of Chinese language and literature is a problem that people pay more attention to. In addition, a large number of digital resources exist in the form of images instead of text encoding. How to efficiently manage and use this document information, especially the fast retrieval of document content, is an important research direction. This paper mainly discusses the processing of Chinese language and literature layout combined with text image preprocessing algorithm and researches into the skew correction of document images. There are many types of documents, and many tilt correction methods are based on prior knowledge. If such a sample quality situation occurs, the image needs to be preprocessed. Using denoising to remove useless noise information and using correction technology to leave and strengthen the classified effective information, we can carry out the next step of retrieval and recognition. The preprocessing avoids interference and destruction of the feature description algorithm by other factors as much as possible and guarantees the effect of recognition and retrieval to a certain extent. This paper proposes a method of document image tilt correction based on the content of the document. According to different document contents, we select the corresponding strategy to estimate the document tilt. This paper uses two-dimensional wavelet transform, runs length smoothing and thinning preprocessing to extract the lines and text lines in the document image, and uses the least square method of linear parameters to estimate the inclination angle of the document. This method has the characteristics of high accuracy of tilt estimation and strong adaptability. The accuracy of feature line matching in geometric structure classification can reach 97%. This research helps to promote the continuous development of Chinese language and literature.
Bearing Strength of Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Reinforced with Internal Transverse Stiffened Bars under Axial Compression
Authors: Li Nan , Xi Yajun , Li He , Zhang Guangxi , Ren Tao , Mu Xinhao
Published: February 2022

A new type of square concrete-filled steel tubular (SCFST) column is proposed, which is characterized by transverse stiffened bars inside the steel tube to improve the effective constraint performance of the concrete core. The experiment of this kind of composite material under axial compression was carried out. The results showed that the bearing capacity of the SCFST column reinforced by internal transverse stiffened bars increased by 4.5%-15% than that of the ordinary SCFST column. The transverse strain is smaller than the SCFST column. As the diameter of the reinforcement increases and decreases the spacing of bars, the axial load bearing capacity increased. The transverse strain of the member decreased obviously. It is noted that the confinement performance of the concrete core of this type was improved to some extent. At the same time, based on the unified theory, the simplified calculation formula of axial compression bearing capacity is derived.
A Machine-Assisted Gaze Analysis Method for Students’ Psychological Evaluation
Authors: Wang Huiling , Shan Yafei
Published: February 2022

This article combines machine intelligence-assisted gaze analysis to construct a student psychological evaluation system, which provides a basis for solving student psychological evaluation methods. At the same time, by recognizing students’ behavioral characteristics and then their psychological characteristics, a PC-side application with multiple functions such as human-computer interaction, user data management, and physiological data display and storage has been developed. In addition, this article constructs an intelligent system structure to evaluate students’ psychology through expert diagnosis. Finally, this article evaluates the students’ psychology through the system and at the same time uses the comparative test method to evaluate the system. Experimental research shows that the student psychological evaluation system based on machine intelligence-assisted gaze analysis proposed in this paper is very close to the expert diagnosis result of student psychological evaluation.
Procedural Sedation with Dexmedetomidine for Anterior Mediastinotomy in a High-Risk Patient
Authors: Pratas Miguel , Aires Jorge , Pereira da Silva Nuno , Oliveira Tiago , Pinto Cristovão , Li Jiele , Ribeiro Ana Filipa
Published: February 2022

Perioperative management of patients with mediastinal masses still poses a challenge for the anesthesiologist, as the use of general anesthesia can be associated with acute perioperative cardiorespiratory impairment resulting from the mass collapsing on the airway or vascular structures. Dexmedetomidine can be used for procedural sedation due to its reversible sedative and anxiolytic properties with dose-dependent effects, while not interfering with ventilatory drive. These features are of particular interest for the perioperative management of patients with large anterior mediastinal masses. In this case, we report our anesthetic management of a 22-year-old male scheduled for anterior mediastinotomy, with a large anterior mediastinal mass, with 50% distal tracheal compression and marked collapse of the superior vena cava and brachiocephalic trunk. In the operation theatre, an infusion of dexmedetomidine was titrated to adequate anesthetic depth while keeping the patient under spontaneous ventilation with oxygen (O2) supplementation and local anesthetic infiltration of the surgical site. Mediastinotomy lasted for about 30 minutes, during which the patient maintained appropriate ventilation and hemodynamic stability. No adverse events occurred perioperatively. Diagnostic procedures such as mediastinotomy for tissue biopsy are necessary to achieve a histological diagnosis. High-risk patients may present with severe postural symptoms, stridor, cyanosis, and radiological evidence of more than 50% airway obstruction, tracheal compression with bronchial compression, pericardial effusion, or superior vena cava syndrome. Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles under general anesthesia increases the risk of airway obstruction. In this case, with the use of dexmedetomidine combined with local anesthetic infiltration, spontaneous ventilation and muscle tone were preserved, decreasing the probability of intraoperative complications. It is our opinion that dexmedetomidine combined with local anesthetic infiltration can be a safe option for procedural sedation in patients presenting with high-risk anterior mediastinal masses for mediastinotomy.
A Rare Co-Occurrence of Triple Mutations in JAK2, CALR, and MPL in the Same Patient with Myelofibrosis
Authors: Thomas Sherine J. , Dash D. P.
Published: February 2022

Background. The diagnosis and prognostication of myeloproliferative neoplasm rely on the presence of driver mutations in JAK2, calreticulin (CALR), and MPL mutations. In the past, the presence of these mutations was thought to be mutually exclusive. Since then, there have been multiple reports of the presence of dual mutations. The presence of all three driver mutations in the same patient with myelofibrosis has not been previously described. Case. A 73-year-old female underwent a hematological workup in our facility after a routine hemogram performed prior to complex ophthalmological surgery revealed severe thrombocytosis. A comprehensive workup including an NGS panel for MPN driver mutations demonstrated that she had a calreticulin type-1 mutation, a JAK2 exon 14 (JAK2L611S) mutation, and an abnormal hotspot variant for MPL with VAF1%. A bone marrow biopsy confirmed a myeloproliferative neoplasm with grade 2 reticulin fibrosis suggesting primary myelofibrosis. Molecular profiling of bone marrow confirmed the previously noted mutations and an MPLW515R mutation. The patient was started on treatment with hydroxyurea and aspirin with improvement in platelet count and resolution of anemia. Discussion. The clinical significance of the presence of multiple driver mutations in the same patient is not well understood at this time. There have been 11 publications between 2014 and 2020 that have described dual mutations of JAK2V617F, MPL, and CALR mutations. The JAK2 exon 14 mutation noted, in this case, is JAK2L611S which has not previously been reported in MPN and only reported in 5 cases in the COSMIC database. The JAK2 exon 14 mutation identified in this case is not an established driver mutation for myeloproliferative neoplasm, and its clinical implication remains unknown. Conclusions. The above case in addition to recent case reports and case series supports the use of broader NGS sequencing panels for diagnosis and prognostication of MPN. These mutations should not be considered mutually exclusive. The clinical behavior and prognosis of the subgroup with multiple mutations need to be studied in larger series.
Analysis of Music Wisdom Education Mode under the Background of Internet of Things
Authors: Li Qingyu , He Jing
Published: February 2022

With the rapid progress of information technology, more and more things can be transmitted and analyzed in the form of data through sensors. The idea of interconnection of all things is gradually becoming a reality. With its blessing, many areas of people’s life are quietly changing, such as health care and education. In particular, the concept of smart classroom makes music, geography, and other traditional subjects, which are in a weak position and glow with a new era glory. This paper takes the music wisdom education mode under the background of Internet of things as the research object, analyzes the contemporary practice of music wisdom classroom by using the methods of data analysis and vertical comparison, and uses the methods of data analysis and longitudinal comparison to analyze the contemporary practice of music wisdom classroom, the practical choices it provides in the music teaching process, and the innovative music teaching design form. The strengths that enhance students’ cultural experience in the music classroom and other areas can be elaborated upon. And its future development trend is expected. Looking forward, it will make remarkable achievements in intelligent attendance management, the connotation and extension of innovative music wisdom education in compound classroom interaction, and so on.
Analysis of Winning Experience and Technical Training Effect of Badminton Match Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Song Honglian
Published: February 2022

The success or failure of badminton competition often depends on the training level of technical, physical, tactical, and psychological quality, as well as the competitive ability to comprehensively use these factors in the competition. Aiming at the improvement of the BP neural network algorithm, the improved BP neural network algorithm is used to analyze the multidimensional attributes of the collected data, and the simulation experiment is carried out to find out our competitive advantages and disadvantages. This paper presents a statistical study on the change of service area, the application of service receiving technology, and the treatment of the third stroke technology in the badminton competition. The innovative contribution of this paper is to explore the differences of double service decision-making of badminton at different levels and form a theoretical mechanism analysis system. The research shows that the relationship between active and passive attack and hitting quality has been dealt with in the game. In training, mastering the basic technical movements of badminton is conducive to improving the technical level of badminton.
Numerical Study of the Aerodynamics of a Hovering Hummingbird’s Wing with Dynamic Morphing
Authors: Dong Yuanbo , Song Bifeng , Xue Dong , Li Yuanbo , Yang Wenqing
Published: February 2022

To deepen our understanding of the aerodynamics by which hummingbirds use flexible wings to hover efficiently during flapping flight, a three-dimensional wing model with dynamic morphing was developed according to the morphological and kinematic data of a hovering hummingbird’s wing. Navier-Stokes equations were solved on a dynamically deforming grid to study wing aerodynamics. In numerical simulations, boundary-based smoothing and overset methodologies were used in combination to update the interior nodes of cells in the computational domain, allowing those nodes to accommodate the motion of the flexible wall. This study showed that the leading edge vortex (LEV) attached to the wing was stable during the downstroke but extremely unstable and shed continuously during the upstroke. In the results of the downward stroke, the different vortices separated from the surface and formed a vortex ring. The difference is that the leading edge vortex induced a vortex ring near the root and a smaller and weaker vortex ring near the wingtip during the upstroke. A significant enhancement in aerodynamic forces was found during the downstroke, along with a large number of power consumptions. We found that the asymmetry in the time-averaged vertical force between the two half strokes was 3.5, and the value was higher than that reported earlier. Aerodynamic force coefficients and efficiency matched well with those of another hummingbird wing (the ruby-throated hummingbird). It is worth noting that hummingbirds can maintain a similar wingtip speed by flapping their wings, but different strategies are adapted to hover efficiently due to the differences in size and body weight. The results of this study help to better understand the aerodynamics of the hovering hummingbird.
A Wideband Hybrid Fractal Ring Antenna for WLAN Applications
Authors: Jamil Atif , Rauf Muhammad , Sami Abdul , Ansari Arsalan , Dawood Idrees Muhammad
Published: February 2022

We propose the design of a novel fractal antenna that is both unique and performance-driven. Two important antenna design features, miniaturization and wideband operation, are combined in this work. A ring-shaped antenna is designed using the well-known fractal geometry. This hybrid geometry is a fusion of meander and Koch curve shapes. The geometrical construction of the proposed antenna is compared to the standard Koch curve geometry. It is shown that combining the meander and Koch curve shapes increases the effective electrical length. The wider bandwidth is achieved by bringing the higher modes together. The overall dimensions of proposed meander Koch curve fractal ring antenna are 45 × 25 × 1.6 mm3. The resonance frequency of the antenna is between 4.94 and 6.12 GHz (% BW = 21.83), which covers the entire 5 GHz WLAN band. The prototype has been fabricated and experimentally verified.
Predicting Optimum Dilution Factors for BOD Sampling and Desired Dissolved Oxygen for Controlling Organic Contamination in Various Wastewaters
Authors: Maddah Hisham A.
Published: February 2022

High biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) concentrations in water minimize oxygen availability, damage ecosystem biodiversity, impair water quality, and spoil freshwater. The increased level of BOD is an indication of severe organic pollution of freshwater. Thus, this study aims to establish empirical correlations between the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and organic decomposition time to control organic pollution in various wastewater effluents. Ultimate biochemical oxygen demand (UBOD) and minimum and average BODt data sets along with their reaction rates were collected from earlier sampling analyses in the plants used for industrial, domestic (sanitary), and storm (surface) wastewater treatment. Average BOD5/COD ratios were then utilized to calculate existing 5-day dissolved oxygen (DO5) concentration for the estimation of experimental dilution factors (dfs) as a good start in sampling analysis to reach an optimum DO5 concentration. Moreover, the relationships between average BOD5 vs. COD, and BOD5 vs. DO5, were obtained based on the literature with 60–70% oxygen consumption rates required for organic decomposition. Results showed that such BOD5 relationships with time (power equations) or with COD (linear correlations) are helpful for wastewater engineers to generate valuable and accurate results for quality control, without the need to conduct laboratory experiments. The proposed regression equations would facilitate effluent quality assessment, allowing selection of optimal processes to control microbiological contamination or organic constituents in wastewaters.
Análisis crítico de las intervenciones de acogimiento residencial en Chile
Authors: Olivares-Espinoza Bárbara , Morales-Retamal Camilo
Published: February 2022

(analítico)Se busca comprender cómo se organizan las prácticas de intervención con niños y sus familias en residencias. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a ejecutores, diseñadores y especialistas, y se aplicó análisis de discurso. Los resultados dan cuenta de intervenciones heterogéneas e indican que el trabajo directo con los niños se organiza en un continuo, con prácticas subjetivantes habilitadoras de agencia, identidad y sostén psíquico, así como prácticas desubjetivantes que dan cuenta de procesos de objetualización y desarraigo. La intervención familiar varía según el enfoque de cada institución. Se concluye que los equipos pueden mejorar la calidad de su trabajo si se generan otras condiciones institucionales y se reconoce la capacidad de agencia de los niños y sus familias, siendo el cuidado una tarea que implica también al Estado y las comunidades.
Palabras clave: adolescencia; bienestar de la infancia; Chile; cuidado del niño.  Tesauro de Ciencias Sociales de la Unesco.
Masculinidades políticas e capital simbólico: estratégias comunicacionais de candidatos homossexuais às prefeituras nas eleições de 2020
Authors: Casadei Eliza Bachega
Published: February 2022

A partir do pressuposto de que a política pode ser lida como uma instituição generificada e marcada pelos imperativos das masculinidades políticas, o objetivo do presente artigo é analisar as estratégias comunicacionais utilizadas nos perfis de Facebook e Instagram dos candidatos homens das eleições de 2020 às prefeituras que se autodeclararam gays ou bissexuais, com o objetivo de verificar se e como a sexualidade foi articulada em suas campanhas em termos de articulação de capital político. A partir do aporte metodológico da Análise de Conteúdo, é possível observar que, embora os candidatos analisados atuem na luta por reconhecimento LGBTI+, tal elemento identitário não foi utilizado como forma estratégia de ganho de capital político em suas campanhas eleitorais. Isso pode ser interpretado como uma persistência das estruturas vinculadas às masculinidades políticas hegemônicas no cenário eleitoral brasileiro que ainda contém barreiras para expressões diversas das masculinidades.
As múltiplas emissoras de Robson César: um depoimento sobre as rádios livres sorocabanas
Authors: Oliveira Felipe Parra Alves de
Published: February 2022

As rádios livres são meios de comunicação clandestinos que reverberam ideias livremente pelo espaço eletromagnético. Em específico, essas radiodifusoras criam discursos distantes dos interesses do monopólio das telecomunicações. Tais iniciativas experimentavam formas democráticas de gestão ao estimular que o sujeito sem experiência com a mídia opere uma emissora radiofônica. Em Sorocaba/SP, essa ação popular obteve destaque nacional e internacional. A afirmação ganha relevância ao verificar que, em 1982, haviam mais de 100 rádios livres operando na cidade. Nesta entrevista, Robson César conta como seu amor pelo rádio fez com que ele se enveredasse pelas possibilidades comunicacionais oferecidas por esses veículos de informação. O objetivo desta atividade é complementar os registros acadêmicos sobre a temática. A entrevista foi realizada em Sorocaba, em 24 de abril de 2021, por meio de perguntas semiestruturadas.
Alain Barbero: uma reconstrução do noir
Authors: Mahl Marcelo Lapuente , Campos Raquel Discini de
Published: February 2022

O fotógrafo francês Alain Barbero, nascido na cidade de Annecy em 1960, tem se destacado no cenário artístico europeu com uma obra singular e inventiva, marcada pela grande diversidade temática, aliada à busca pelos aspectos mais singelos da vida social, especialmente nos espaços urbanos das principais capitais da Europa. Sua utilização original do preto e branco envolve suas imagens em uma sedutora plasticidade romântica, ecoando uma melancolia frágil, por vezes perturbadora, mas que revela aspectos constitutivos pouco explorados das paisagens e pessoas por ele retratadas, durante suas andanças em países como a França, Alemanha, Áustria e Estados Unidos.
Consequências das derrubadas e queimadas de vegetação: práticas utilizadas pelos agricultores da Transassuruni Altamira Pará 2021
Authors: Flor Maria José Pereira de Souza
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é verificar e analisar através de pesquisa as perdas de nutrientes, gerado pelas queimadas no Assentamento Bom Jardim I, a dinâmica realizada na região de Altamira PA. Como são utilizadas as derrubadas e as queimadas nos lotes? Quais as consequenciais das queimadas para a população? Como o Sistema de Saúde trabalha com essas questões diante do Período da Pandemia. Segundo os profissionais da Saúde os aumentos de doenças respiratórias aumentam nesse no período das queimadas, nesse contexto os mais afetados são os idosos e as crianças. Porém outros problemas que as queimadas provocam na natureza como perda de nitrogênio, fosforo, potássio e micronutrientes. Através do resultado da pesquisa pretendemos mostrar para os assentados outras alternativas de produção sem queimadas e inserir a participação das comunidades que têm nas queimadas sua base técnica, uma vez que elas concentram informação crucial quanto à viabilidade de práticas alternativas e quanto aos ativos econômicos, sociais e ambientais em jogo.
Aspectos clínicos e tratamento da amelogênese imperfeita: relato de caso
Authors: Cunha Bruna Mandrá da , Nery Paula Guitarrara Nirschl Morais , Silva Cristina Luzia Lopes Borges , Servato João Paulo Silva , Oliveira Maria Angélica Hueb de Menezes , Castro Denise Tornavoi de
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Este trabalho versa sobre as características clínicas de um caso de amelogênese imperfeita (AI) do tipo IIA (hipomaturado com pigmentação difusa), apresentando formas de tratamento e como essa condição afeta a qualidade de vida do paciente. Materiais e métodos: Um paciente com 7 anos de idade, do sexo masculino, apresentando dentição decídua e permanente, procurou atendimento odontológico em razão das seguintes alterações dentárias: coloração dental amarelo-acastanhado, superfície rugosa, presença de cálculos dentais nos incisivos inferiores, mordida topo a topo e sensibilidade dentinária exacerbada. No exame radiográfico foi possível observar que o volume dos tecidos dentários estava normal, mas existia falta de contraste entre esmalte e dentina em todos os dentes, características compatíveis com o diagnóstico clínico de AI-IIA. Como tratamento, foram realizadas restaurações com cimento de ionômero de vidro, aplicação de flúor verniz e bochechos com fluoreto de sódio 0,05% diariamente. Resultados: O tratamento executado foi considerado um sucesso, uma vez que as queixas do paciente foram solucionadas por meio de um tratamento odontológico adequado, restabelecendo a função e a estética da criança de acordo com sua necessidade. Conclusões: O diagnóstico precoce da AI é de suma importância para um tratamento mais conservador e com enfoque na prevenção dos efeitos dessa patologia. Do ponto de vista odontológico, o tratamento da AI tem como principal objetivo devolver a saúde bucal do paciente e, consequentemente, reintegrá-lo ao convívio social com maior qualidade de vida.
Mecanismo de Anticítera
Authors: Bandeira Beatriz
Published: February 2022

O mecanismo de Anticítera é um instrumento astronômico geocêntrico que permite prever, tanto acontecimentos do passado, quanto do futuro com singular precisão. Estudado por investigadores a mais de um século, este extraordinário Cosmos portátil revela, os surpreendentes enigmas de sua estrutura e funcionamento que fascinam pesquisadores das mais diversas áreas. Este artigo trata em específico, de apresentar algumas investigações atuais relacionadas às estrelas e aos eclipses que, por sua vez, definem possíveis regiões e data de construção do aparato.
Culturas de ciência e império na Era das Exposições
Authors: Fox Robert
Published: February 2022

Conferência proferida pelo professor Robert Fox no Simpósio USP de História da Ciência e Tecnologia. Transcrição e tradução pelo Prof. Flavio Magalhães Santos.
Vascular flora of the Sierra de las Nieves National Park and its surroundings (Andalusia, Spain)
Authors: CABEZUDO BALTASAR , CASIMIRO-SORIGUER SOLANAS FEDERICO , PÉREZ-LATORRE ANDRÉS V.
Published: February 2022

The Sierra de las Nieves National Park, declared by the Spanish Government in July 2021, is part of the Serranía de Ronda (Western Baetic mountains), which is considered one of the main centres of biodiversity and endemicity of the southern Iberian Peninsula (Andalusia, Spain) and the Mediterranean Basin. The park and its surroundings have an important diversity of vascular plants, mainly due to the orographic, climatic and geological diversity of the area, which is divided into three biogeographical sectors: Rondeño sector (limestones, dolomites and clays), Bermejense sector (peridotites and serpentines) and Aljíbico sector (gneisses and micaschists). This contribution presents the first catalogue of the vascular flora of this national park and its surrounding area, with 1,387 taxa distributed in 104 families and 542 genera. An amount of 79 taxa are endemic to Andalusia and 57 are endangered: 4 are Critically Endangered (CR), 17 are Endangered (EN) and 36 are Vulnerable (VU).
The Palaeorehniidae (Orthoptera, Ensifera, “Zeuneropterinae”), and new taxa from the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands, western North America
Authors: ARCHIBALD S. BRUCE , GU JUN-JIE , MATHEWES ROLF W.
Published: February 2022

We revise the subfamily Zeuneropterinae (Orthoptera, Ensifera) and treat it as the family Palaeorehniidae Zeuner stat. nov. We restore the late Eocene Palaeorehnia Cockerell from Florissant, Colorado, USA to the taxon and describe two new genera and species in it: Ypopteron nicola n. gen., n. sp. from Quilchena, British Columbia, Canada and Republicopteron douseae n. gen., n. sp. from Republic, Washington, USA. Given current knowledge, Palaeorehniidae appears intermediate between the Stenopelmatoidea and the Hagoidea (s.s.).
Applying Visual-Motor Training Combined with an Eye Relaxation System Based on Far-Infrared Nanomaterials in Pseudomyopia
Authors: Ma Yu , Liu Yi , Xu Limin , Shi Zongli , Zhou Lixiao
Published: February 2022

To explore the effect of far-infrared nanomaterial eye relaxation system combined with visual-motor training in pseudomyopia, 120 patients with pseudomyopia were included in the experiment and randomly divided into nanomaterial and control groups. The control group received visual-motor
training, and the nanomaterial group was treated with an eye relaxation system. This study found that nanozirconia and nanotitanium dioxide used in eye relaxation systems could maintain good stability in acidic and alkaline conditions. Additionally, nanozirconia could produce a warm effect,
and nanotitanium dioxide had a clear sterilization effect. Moreover, the two abovementioned nanoparticles could be closely combined with fiberoptic materials. After treatment, the eye adjustment function, visual acuity, and diopter of the two groups were significantly improved, especially
in the nanomaterial group. Additionally, using the nanomaterial eye relaxation system could better control intraocular pressure, reduce lens thickness, and improve the symptoms of eye fatigue. Furthermore, anxiety and depression were better reduced in the nanomaterial group, and their quality
of life was greatly improved. Therefore, the far-infrared nanomaterial eye relaxation system combined with visual-motor training can be used as a new and effective scheme for pseudomyopia.
Improved Antimicrobial Ability of Dressings Containing Berberine Loaded Cellulose Acetate/Hyaluronic Acid Electrospun Fibers for Cutaneous Wound Healing
Authors: Wang Fei , Wang Xiunan , Hu Ningning , Qin Guoqing , Ye Baoguo , He Jian-Shu
Published: February 2022

An urgent problem in nursing care is the rising threat of cutaneous wound infections caused by harmful bacteria. In this study, we fabricated a series of cellulose acetate–hyaluronic acid (CA/HA) electrospun fibers loaded with berberine (BBR) using the electrospinning method to
determine their antimicrobial performance and potential in in vivo skin wound dressing applications. The BBR-loaded CA/HA electrospun fibers (CA/HA/BBR) were analyzed using scanning electron and Fourier transform infrared microscopies; moreover, their mechanical properties were examined.
The analyses demonstrated an average fiber diameter of 502 ± 50 nm; the tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and break elongation of CA/HA electrospun fibers were approximately 3.23 ± 0.08 MPa, 17.5 ± 0.03 MPa, and 28.4%, respectively, whereas these values for CA/HA/BBR
electrospun fibers were 238 ± 39 nm and 2.99 ± 0.05 MPa, 12.3 ± 0.04 MPa, and 47.8%, respectively. Antimicrobial evaluation of the CA/HA/BBR electrospun fibers demonstrated that the dressings made from these fibers exhibited greater antimicrobial efficacy (>95%) against
Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli when compared to that made from CA/HA (>80%) electrospun fibers. In vitro experiments showed that BBR loaded CA/HA electrospun fiber scaffolds have highly enhanced cell viability (>99) and proliferation of L929 fibroblastic
cells after 7 days of incubation. In addition, in vivo evaluations in rats showed that the as-fabricated CA/HA/BBR bandage decreased wound size; moreover, it had accelerated healing ability (>95%) and collagen development with increasing treatment duration. These results showed that
the addition of BBR enhanced the bioactivity of the dressing without damaging its physical characteristics. Thus, nanostructured dressing made of CA/HA/BBR electrospun fibers has excellent potency for tissue repair in nursing care.
Iron-accumulating splenocytes may exacerbate non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through the production of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species
Authors: Murotomi Kazutoshi , Tawara Hirosuke , Sutoh Mitsuko , Yasunaga Mayu
Published: February 2022

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) results from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) via multiple-parallel events, including hepatic triglyceride accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The complex interaction between the liver and multiple other organs is involved in NASH development. Although spleen-derived humoral factors can directly contribute to NAFLD/NASH onset via the portal vein, the status of the spleen in the early stage of NASH remains unknown. Here, our aim was to investigate whether splenocytes may exacerbate NASH via the generations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines. Iron accumulation was observed in the spleen but not the liver, and the proportion of phagocytic macrophages increased in the spleen of Tsumura Suzuki Obese Diabetes (TSOD) mice showing histological characteristics of NASH in the early stage. The splenocytes generated moderate amounts of ROS and released high amounts of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in response to lipopolysaccharide, indicating excessive inflammatory cytokine released by activated macrophages in iron-accumulating spleens. Our results suggest that iron-accumulating splenocytes can easily induce inflammation and contribute to exacerbate NASH via the portal vein. Thus, the regulation of iron metabolism in the spleen should be considered in the development of novel therapeutic targets against NASH.
Long-term anxiety in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage survivors
Authors: Scopelliti Giuseppe , Casolla Barbara , Boulouis Grégoire , Kuchcinski Grégory , Moulin Solène , Leys Didier , Hénon Hilde , Cordonnier Charlotte , Pasi Marco
Published: February 2022

Background:

Although anxiety is common in several neurological conditions, it has been poorly investigated after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Aims:

In consecutive ICH survivors, we assessed the long-term prevalence of anxiety and its clinical and radiological determinants.

Methods:

Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), we evaluated ICH survivors enrolled in the prospective, single-center Prognosis of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (PITCH) study. The prevalence of anxiety (defined as a HADS-anxiety subscale score >7) was evaluated at three time points (1–2, 3–5, and 6–8 years after ICH), along with neurological symptoms severity, functional disability, and cognitive impairment scores. Clinical and radiological characteristics associated with anxiety were evaluated in univariate and multivariable models.

Results:

Of 560 patients with spontaneous ICH, 255 were alive 1 year later, 179 of whom completed the HADS questionnaire and were included in the study. Thirty-one patients (17%; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 12–23) had anxiety 1–2 years, 38 (27%; 95% CI = 19–34) 3–5 years, and 18 (21%; 95% CI = 12–30) 6–8 years after ICH. In patients with anxiety, the prevalence of associated depressive symptoms was 48% 1–2 years, 61% 3–5 years, and 56% 6–8 years after ICH. Among clinical and radiological baseline characteristics, only lobar ICH location was significantly associated with anxiety 1–2 years after ICH (odds ratio = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.2–6.5). Anxiety was not associated with concomitant neurological symptoms severity, functional disability, or cognitive impairment.

Conclusion:

Anxiety is frequent in ICH survivors, often in association with depressive symptoms, even many years after the index event.
Management of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis without antibiotics: compliance and outcomes -a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Azhar Najia , Aref Hager , Brorsson Adam , Lydrup Marie-Louise , Jörgren Fredrik , Schultz Johannes Kurt , Buchwald Pamela
Published: February 2022

Methods

Recent randomized control trials (RCTs) have confirmed that antibiotics in acute uncomplicated diverticulitis (AUD) neither accelerate recovery nor prevent complications or recurrences.

A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including all consecutive AUD patients hospitalized 2015- 2018 at Helsingborg Hospital (HH) and Skåne University Hospital (SUS), Sweden. HH had implemented a non-antibiotic treatment protocol in 2014 while SUS had not. Main outcomes were proportion of patients treated with antibiotics, complications, recurrences, and adherence to routinely colon evaluation.

Results

A total of 583 AUD patients were enrolled, 388 at SUS and 195 at HH. The diagnosis was CT-verified in 320 (83%) vs. 186 (95%) patients respectively (p < 0.001). Forty-three (11%) and 94 (48%) of patients respectively did not receive antibiotics during hospitalization (p < 0.001). CRP was higher in the antibiotic group compared to the non-antibiotic group, both at admission and peak (90 mg/L vs 65 mg/L; p = 0.016) and (138 mg/L and 97 mg/L; p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in recurrences (22.0% vs. 22.6%; p = 0.87) and complications (2.5% vs. 2.9%; p = 0.77) between the antibiotic/non-antibiotic groups.

Conclusion

The structured treatment protocol led to reduced antibiotic use and a higher standard of care in terms of CT-verification. Clinicians’ compliance to the treatment protocol and best clinical practice was poor and warrants further studies.
Elevated average maximum intrabolus pressure on high-resolution manometry is associated with esophageal dysmotility and delayed esophageal emptying on timed barium esophagram
Authors: Madigan Katelyn E. , Smith J. Shawn , Evans Joni K. , Clayton Steven B.
Published: February 2022

Background

Intrabolus pressure (IBP) recorded by high-resolution manometry (HRM) portrays the compartmentalized force on a bolus during esophageal peristalsis. HRM may be a reliable screening tool for esophageal dysmotility in patients with elevated average maximum IBP (AM-IBP). Timed barium esophagram (TBE) is a validated measure of esophageal emptying disorders, such as esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction and achalasia. This study aimed to determine if an elevated AM-IBP correlates with esophageal dysmotility on HRM and/or delayed esophageal emptying on TBE.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of all HRM (unweighted sample n = 155) performed at a tertiary referral center from 09/2015–03/2017 yielded a case group (n = 114) with abnormal AM-IBP and a control group (n = 41) with a normal AM-IBP (pressure < 17 mmHg) as consistent with Chicago Classification 3. All patients received a standardized TBE, with abnormalities classified as greater than 1 cm of retained residual liquid barium in the esophagus at 1 and 5 min or as tablet retention after 5 min.

Results

AM-IBP was significantly related to liquid barium retention (p = 0.003) and tablet arrest on timed barium esophagram (p = 0.011). A logistic regression model correctly predicted tablet arrest in 63% of cases. Tablet arrest on AM-IBP correlated with an optimal prediction point at 20.1 mmHg on HRM. Patients with elevated AM-IBP were more likely to have underlying esophageal dysmotility (95.6% vs. 70.7% respectively; p < 0.001), particularly esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction disorders. Elevated AM-IBP was associated with incomplete liquid bolus transit on impedance analysis (p = 0.002).

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that an elevated AM-IBP is associated with abnormal TBE findings of esophageal tablet retention and/or bolus stasis. An abnormal AM-IBP (greater than 20.1 mm Hg) was associated with a higher probability of retaining liquid bolus or barium tablet arrest on TBE and esophageal dysmotility on HRM. This finding supports the recent incorporation of IBP in Chicago Classification v4.0.
Sarcopenia and motoric cognitive risk syndrome: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zhang Yunyun , Lv Ziyan , Xiang Jie
Published: February 2022

Background

Sarcopenia has been identified as a risk factor for cognitive impairment, and motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) is a recently defined pre-dementia syndrome. It is not known whether they are related. We aimed to investigate the association and potential pathways between sarcopenia and MCR in the community elderly by establishing a moderated mediation model.

Methods

846 community residents aged ≥ 60 years were recruited from May 2021 to September 2021 and had a comprehensive geriatric evaluation. The diagnosis of sarcopenia followed the criteria issued by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019. MCR was defined as subjective cognitive decline and slow gait. Apathy symptoms and physical activity were assessed by the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Logistic regression and moderated mediation analyses were conducted to explore the association between the four.

Results

60 (7.1%) had MCR among 846 participants. After full adjustment, sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR] = 3.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.69–8.60, P = 0.001), AES score (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.04–1.14, P < 0.001), and IPAQ level (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.28–0.66, P < 0.001) were associated with MCR. Apathy partially mediated the relationship between sarcopenia and MCR. Physical activity played a moderation role in the indirect pathway of the mediation model. The increase in physical activity can alleviate the indirect effect of sarcopenia on MCR.

Conclusion

We established a moderated mediation model to uncover the underlying association mechanism of sarcopenia and MCR preliminarily. These findings suggest that attention should be paid to the management of apathy and physical activity in the context of sarcopenia to prevent early dementia actively. Further validation is needed in future longitudinal studies.
Influence of oral health on frailty in patients with type 2 diabetes aged 75 years or older
Authors: Ishii Masaki , Yamaguchi Yasuhiro , Hamaya Hironobu , Iwata Yuko , Takada Kazufumi , Ogawa Sumito , Imura Mitsuo , Akishita Masahiro
Published: February 2022

Background

Poor oral health conditions are known to affect frailty in the older adults. Diabetes is a risk factor for both poor oral health and frailty, therefore, oral health status may affect frailty in diabetic patients more than in the general population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of oral health and other factors on frailty and the relationship among oral health, diabetes and frailty in older adult patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Patients with type 2 diabetes aged 75 years or older were included in this cross-sectional study. Eligible patients were surveyed by questionnaire for frailty, oral health status, and cognitive and living functions. Factors influencing pre-frailty, frailty, and individual frailty screening index (FSI) classes were evaluated.

Results

Of the 111 patients analyzed, 66 cases (59.5%) were categorized as robust, 33 cases (29.7%) as pre-frailty, and 12 cases (10.8%) as frailty. The oral frailty index, the cognitive and living functions score, and BMI were found to be factors influencing pre-frailty or frailty. In the evaluation of individual FSI classes, BMI had an influence on those with a FSI ≤2. The cognitive and living functions score was a factor influencing those with FSI ≤3. The oral frailty index was found to have a significant influence on all FSI classes.

Conclusions

Poor oral health has an influence on frailty in patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥75. In this patient population, as frailty progresses, the impact of oral health on frailty may increase.

Trial registration:

This study was retrospectively registered in UMIN-CTR (UMIN000044227).
Adipose tissue is a predictor of 30-days mortality in patients with bloodstream infection caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Ying Piaopiao , Chen Jiajing , Ye Yinchai , Ye Jianzhong , Cai Weiyang
Published: February 2022

Background

Prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) bloodstream infection with high mortality has attached physicians' attention. High visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and high subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were confirmed by previous studies that were closely related to increased pneumonia severity, more complications, and higher mortality in COVID-19. Thus, we speculate that CT-quantified body composition may also be connected to all-cause mortality and bacterial clearance in patients with CRKP bloodstream infection (BSI).

Methods

We investigated the associations of CT-quantified body composition with the mortality of CRKP bloodstream infectious patients. All CT images were obtained at the level of the L3/4 spinal level. The prognostic value of the body composition was analyzed using the Cox regression model, and precise clinical nomograms were established.

Results

72 eligible patients both suffered from CRKP bloodstream infection and performed abdominopelvic CT were included. Factors associated with 30-day all-in hospital mortality included total adipose tissue (TAT) [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.028, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.003–1.053; P = 0.025], age [HR = 1.030, 95% CI, 1.000–1.061; P = 0.047] and SOFA scores [HR = 1.138, 95% CI 1.049–1.263; P = 0.002]. Compared with low-VAT, patients with high-VAT show a strikingly poor prognosis in both 30-day all-cause mortality (P = 0.0108, Fig. 2A) and 30-day CRKP BSI mortality (P = 0.0049, Fig. 2C). The results of TAT were similar to VAT.

Conclusions

Our study suggested that CT-derived body composition could be a credible and effective alternative to assess the prognosis of patients with BSI owing to CRKP. CT-quantified TAT, age, and SOFA scores were independently associated with 30-day all-cause mortality in these severe infectious patients, while skeletal muscle did not have obvious statistical significance.