bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case of Buccal Clear Cell Carcinoma Caused by Rare Fusion Gene: EWSR1-CREM
Authors: Hoshino Miyako , Inoue Katsuyuki , Kaneda Tomohisa , Nishimura Michiko , Kusama Kaoru , Sakashita Hideaki , Sato Yukiko , Takeuchi Kengo , Nagao Toshitaka , Kikuchi Kentaro
Published: October 2021

Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) is a rare entity in the salivary gland tumor. So far, only 10 cases of primary CCC of the buccal mucosa have been reported. Here, we first report an extremely rare case of buccal CCC with the EWSR1-CREM fusion gene. The patient, a 69-year-old woman, presented with a painless mass in the right buccal mucosa. The tumor, which had been present for about 10 years, measured approximately 15 mm in diameter and was pedunculated, elastic hard, smooth, and mobile. Histopathological examination revealed proliferating tumor cells with vacuolated and clear cytoplasm partially surrounded by hyalinized stroma. The tumor was not encapsulated, and no contact with the overlying epithelium was evident. Duct-like structures were occasionally observed in the tumor nests composed of clear cells. The tumor had invaded into surrounding muscle and adipose tissues. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that the clear cells were positive for epithelial cell markers, and myoepithelial markers were negative. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), performed to search for genetic abnormalities, demonstrated split positivity for EWSR1, and fusion with CREM was confirmed. These findings suggested a diagnosis of CCC.
Connectivity of Semicartesian Products
Authors: Metsidik Metrose , Gong Helin
Published: October 2021

Semicartesian product is defined on the basis of two special bipartite graphs and labeling of their vertices, and it has a pleasing property that it is composed of hexagonal structures. In this study, we give two formulae to calculate separately the connectivity and edge connectivity of a semicartesian product graph.
A Study of Acoustic Emission and Damage Evolution of Limestone under Different Stress Paths and Confining Pressures
Authors: Zhao Jianjun , Wan Xun , Ji Lan , Zhu Jinshi , Dai Xinran , Wang Jun
Published: October 2021

Buried depth is an important factor affecting the deformation and failure of gob surrounding rock. Basing on triaxial compression unloading test and acoustic emission (AE) of limestone under three different initial confining pressures (5 MPa, 10 MPa, and 20 MPa) and three different stress paths, we analyzed the deformation and failure characteristics and energy releasing process of the virgin rock, the gob overburden rock, and the gob sidewall rock with different buried depths (within 1000 m). The results showed that, with the increase of buried depth, the shear fracture mainly propagated and the failure mode of the gob sidewall rock changed from brittleness to plasticity; however, the gob overburden rock was all brittle failure. Compared with shallow buried depths, the energy releasing triggered by confining pressure reduction in deep buried depths was more concentrated and intense. Under the background of deep buried depths, the peak strength and residual strength of the gob sidewall rock were the lowest, and the damage variable was the largest. We proposed that the first “acute phase” of AE can be wielded as the precursor information of the gob sidewall rock failure and crack propagation of hydraulic fracturing. The findings of the study are beneficial for the disaster prevention and control of deep mining in mountainous area, as well as fracturing evaluation.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Depression and Associated Factors among Adult HIV/AIDS-Positive Patients Attending ART Clinics of Ethiopia: 2021
Authors: Zewudie Bitew Tefera , Geze Shegaw , Mesfin Yibeltal , Argaw Muche , Abebe Haimanot , Mekonnen Zebene , Tesfa Shegaw , Chekole Bogale , Tadesse Betelhem , Aynalem Agere , Lankrew Tadele
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Depression is the most common mental health problem in people living with the human immune virus. It ranges from 11% to 63% in low- and middle-income countries. Depression was high in people living with HIV/AIDS in developing countries, especially in the Ethiopian context. Even though depression has negative consequences on HIV-positive patients, the care given for depression in resource-limited countries like Ethiopia is below the standard in their HIV care programs. Method. International databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Hinari, Embase, and Scopus) and Ethiopian university repository online have been covered in this review. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and analyzed by using the Stata version 14 software program. We detected the heterogeneity between studies using the

I

2

test. We checked publication bias using a funnel plot test. Results. The overall pooled depression prevalence among adult HIV/AIDS patients attending antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia was 36.3% (95% CI: 28.4%, 44.2%) based on the random effect analysis. Adult HIV/AIDS patients having CD4

count
<
200

(

AOR
=
5.1

; 95% CI: 2.89, 8.99), widowed marital status (

AOR
=
3.7

; 95% CI: 2.394, 5.789), medication nonadherence (

AOR
=
2.3

; 95% CI: 1.63, 3.15), poor social support (2.986) (95% CI: 2.139, 4.169), perceived social stigma (2.938) (2.305, 3.743), opportunistic infections (3.010) (2.182, 4.151), and adverse drug reactions (4.013) (1.971, 8.167) were significantly associated with depression among adult HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy, in Ethiopia. Conclusion and Recommendation. The pooled depression prevalence among adult HIV/AIDS patients attending antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia was higher than the general population and is alarming for the government to take special consideration for HIV-positive patients. Depression assessment for all HIV-positive patients and integrating with mental health should be incorporated to ensure early detection, prevention, and treatment. Community-based and longitudinal study designs mainly focusing on the incidence and determinants of depression among adult HIV/AIDS patients should be done in the future.
A New Methodology for Solving Multiobjective Chance-Constrained Problems: An Application on IoT Systems
Authors: Atalay Kumru Didem , Pekin Tacettin Sercan , Apaydin Ayşen
Published: October 2021

This study presents a newly developed methodology to transform the chance-constrained problem into a deterministic problem and then solving this multiobjective deterministic problem with the proposed method. Chance-constrained problem contains independent gamma random variables that are denoted as

a

i
j

. Two methods are proposed to obtain the deterministic equivalent of chance-constrained problem. The first of the methods is directly based on using the distribution, and the second consists of normalizing probabilistic constraints using Lyapunov’s central limit theorem. An algorithm which uses the Global Criterion Method is developed to solve the multiobjective deterministic equivalent of chance-constrained problem. The methodology is applied to a real-life engineering problem that consists of an IoT device and its data sending process. Using Lyapunov’s central limit theorem for large numbers of random variables is found to be more appropriate.
Transcription Factor CTCFL Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Gastric Cancer via Activating DPPA2
Authors: Yao Haibo , Shao Qinshu , Shao Yanfei
Published: October 2021

Objective. To explore the relationship between CTCFL and DPPA2 and validate the positive role of CTCFL/DPPA2 in cell malignant behaviors in gastric cancer. Methods. We predicted gastric cancer-related transcription factors and corresponding target mRNAs through bioinformatics. Levels of CTCFL and DPPA2 were assessed via qRT-PCR and western blot. In vitro experiments were utilized to assay the cell biological behaviors. CHIP was utilized for the assessment of the targeted relationship between CTCFL and DPPA2. Results. CTCFL and DPPA2 were both highly expressed in gastric cancer cells, and high CTCFLL and DPPA2 could promote cell malignant behaviors. CHIP validated that DPPA2 was a target of CTCFL. In addition, high DPPA2 rescued the repressive impact of CTCFL silencing on the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in gastric cancer. Conclusion. The transcription factor CTCFL fosters cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive properties via activating DPPA2 in gastric cancer.
Antidiarrheal Effect of 80% Methanol Extract and Fractions of Clerodendrum myricoides (Hochst.) Vatke (Lamiaceae) Leaf in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Desta Getaye Tessema , Adela Alemu Muluken , Tsegaw Asegedech , Belete Tafere Mulaw , Adugna Baye Yrga
Published: October 2021

Background. Diarrhea is one of the tempting symptoms of diseases in the world. In Ethiopian traditional medicine practices, Clerodendrum myricoides is utilized for the treatment of diarrhea without scientific evidence. Objective. This study was aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal activity of 80% methanol extract and fractions of the leaf of Clerodendrum myricoides in mice. Methods. The crude extract was prepared by maceration in 80% methanol and then fractionated using hexane, chloroform, and distilled water. Antidiarrheal activity was assessed by castor oil-induced diarrhea, enteropooling, and gastrointestinal motility models using onset of diarrhea, number and weight of feces, volume and weight of intestinal contents, and distance travelled by charcoal meal as main parameters. Negative controls received either distilled water or 2% Tween 80 (10 ml/kg), positive controls received 3 mg/kg loperamide or 1 mg/kg atropine, and the test groups received 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg doses of the extract. Results. The crude extract and chloroform fraction significantly prolonged the onset of diarrhea at 200 and 400 mg/kg and decreased the number of wet, total, and weight of fresh feces at all tested doses. Hexane fraction has a significant antidiarrheal effect on the onset, number, and weight of feces at 400 mg/kg. The crude extract and chloroform fraction at all tested doses, as well as aqueous fraction at 200 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, produced significant reduction in volume and weight of intestinal contents. Additionally, hexane fraction showed significant reduction of volume and weight of the intestinal content at 400 mg/kg. In the gastrointestinal motility test model, both chloroform fraction and crude extract at all tested doses and aqueous fraction at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg showed a significant antidiarrheal effect as compared to the negative control. Conclusion. The leaf of Clerodendrum myricoides showed antidiarrheal activity which supports the traditional use.
Endangered Lymphocytes: The Effects of Alloxan and Streptozotocin on Immune Cells in Type 1 Induced Diabetes
Authors: Queiroz Luiz A. D. , Assis Josiane B. , Guimarães João P. T. , Sousa Emanuella S. A. , Milhomem Anália C. , Sunahara Karen K. S. , Sá-Nunes Anderson , Martins Joilson O.
Published: October 2021

Alloxan (ALX) and streptozotocin (STZ) are extensively used to induce type 1 diabetes (T1D) in animal models. This study is aimed at evaluating the differences in immune parameters caused by ALX and STZ. T1D was induced either with ALX or with STZ, and the animals were followed for up to 180 days. Both ALX and STZ induced a decrease in the total number of circulating leukocytes and lymphocytes, with an increase in granulocytes when compared to control mice (CT). STZ-treated mice also exhibited an increase in neutrophils and a reduction in the lymphocyte percentage in the bone marrow. In addition, while the STZ-treated group showed a decrease in total CD3+, CD4-CD8+, and CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes in the thymus and CD19+ B lymphocytes in the pancreas and spleen, the ALX group showed an increase in CD4-CD8+ and CD19+ only in the thymus. Basal levels of splenic interleukin- (IL-) 1β and pancreatic IL-6 in the STZ group were decreased. Both diabetic groups showed atrophy of the thymic medulla and degeneration of pancreatic islets of Langerhans composed of inflammatory infiltration and hyperemia with vasodilation. ALX-treated mice showed a decrease in reticuloendothelial cells, enhanced lymphocyte/thymocyte cell death, and increased number of Hassall’s corpuscles. Reduced in vitro activation of splenic lymphocytes was found in the STZ-treated group. Furthermore, mice immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) showed a more intense antigen-specific paw edema response in the STZ-treated group, while production of anti-OVA IgG1 antibodies was similar in both groups. Thereby, important changes in immune cell parameters in vivo and in vitro were found at an early stage of T1D in the STZ-treated group, whereas alterations in the ALX-treated group were mostly found in the chronic phase of T1D, including increased mortality rates. These findings suggest that the effects of ALX and STZ influenced, at different times, lymphoid organs and their cell populations.
Hipertensión pulmonar: Correlación de los marcadores plasmáticos con la supervivencia de los pacientes
Authors: Sánchez-Bustillos Marco Hugo
Published: October 2021

Background: Recent studies have provided evidence for an important contribution of the immune system in the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). In this report, we investigated whether the inflammatory profile of pulmonary hypertension patients changes over time and correlates with patient WHO subgroups or survival. Methods: 50 PAH patients (16 idiopathic (I)PAH, 24 Connective Tissue Disease (CTD)-PAH and 10 Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)-PAH), 37 CTEPH patients and 18 healthy controls (HCs) were included in the study. Plasma inflammatory markers at baseline and after 1-year follow-up were measured using ELISAs. Subsequently, correlations with hemodynamic parameters and survival were explored and data sets were subjected to unbiased multivariate analyses. Results: At diagnosis, we found that plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the chemokines (C-X3-C) motif legend CXCL9 and CXCL13 in CTD-PAH patients were significantly increased, compared with HCs. In idiopathic PAH patients the levels of tumor growth factor-β (TGFβ), IL-10 and CXCL9 were elevated, compared with HCs. The increased CXCL9 and IL-8 concentrations in CETPH patients correlated significantly with decreased survival, suggesting that CXCL9 and IL-8 may be prognostic markers. After one year of treatment, IL-10, CXCL13 and TGFβ levels changed significantly in the PAH subgroups and CTEPH patients. Unbiased multivariate analysis revealed clustering of PH patients based on inflammatory mediators and clinical parameters, but did not separate the WHO subgroups. Importantly, these multivariate analyses separated patients with <3 years and >3 years survival, in particular when inflammatory mediators were combined with clinical parameters. Discussion: Our study revealed elevated plasma levels of inflammatory mediators in different PAH subgroups and CTEPH at baseline and at 1-year follow-up, whereby CXCL9 and IL-8 may prove to be prognostic markers for CTEPH patients. While this study is exploratory and hypothesis generating, our data indicate an important role for IL-8 and CXCL9 in CHD and CTEPH patients considering the increased plasma levels and the observed correlation with survival. Conclusion: In conclusion, our studies identified an inflammatory signature that clustered PH patients into WHO classification-independent subgroups that correlated with patient survival.
Solutions and Gels Containing a Sugarcane-Derived Cystatin (CaneCPI-5) Reduce Enamel and Dentin Erosion in vitro
Authors: Santos Lethycia Almeida , Martini Tatiana , Câmara João Victor Frazão , Reis Fabiana Navas , Ortiz Adriana de Cássia , Camiloti Gabriel Domingues , Levy Flavia Mauad , Shibao Priscila Yumi Tanaka , Honorio Heitor Marques , Henrique-Silva Flavio , Pieretti Joana Claudio , Seabra Amedea Barozzi , Cardoso Cristiane de Almeida Baldini , Buzalaf Marília Afonso Rabelo
Published: October 2021

The effect of solutions and gels containing a sugarcane-derived cystatin (CaneCPI-5) on the protection against enamel and dentin erosion in vitro was evaluated. Bovine enamel and dentin specimens were divided into 2 groups (n = 135 and 153/group for enamel and dentin, respectively) that were treated with solutions or chitosan gels containing 0.1 or 0.25 mg/mL CaneCPI-5. The positive controls for solutions and gels were Elmex Erosion Protection™ solution and NaF gel (12,300 ppm F), respectively. Deionized water and chitosan gel served as controls, respectively. The solutions were first applied on the specimens for 1 min and the gels for 4 min. Stimulated saliva was collected from 3 donors and used to form a 2-h acquired pellicle on the specimens. Then, the specimens were submitted to an erosive pH cycling protocol 4 times/day for 7 days (0.1% citric acid pH 2.5/90 s, artificial saliva/2 h, and artificial saliva overnight). The solutions and gels were applied again during pH cycling, 2 times/day for 1 min and 4 min, respectively, after the first and last erosive challenges. Enamel and dentin losses (µm) were assessed by contact profilometry. Data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). All the treatments significantly reduced enamel and dentin loss in comparison with controls. Both CaneCPI-5 concentrations had a similar protective effect against enamel erosion, but only the higher concentration was as effective against dentin erosion as the positive control. Regarding the vehicles, only the 0.1 mg/mL gel performed worse than the positive control for dentin. CaneCPI-5 reduced enamel and dentin erosion to a similar extent as the fluoride-containing vehicles. However, dentin requires higher CaneCPI-5 concentrations, in the case of gels. Solutions or gels containing CaneCPI-5 might be a new approach to protect against dental erosion.
"Apropria-te de mim e refaz a independência sempre que preciso": a polissemia e a longevidade do culto bolivariano
Authors: Fredrigo Fabiana de Souza , Soares Gabriela Pellegrino
Published: October 2021

Este artigo analisa o processo de construção de uma memória em torno de Simón Bolívar, uma memória polissêmica que articula os protagonistas da gesta independentista na Grã-Colômbia e a posteridade. Partimos da correspondência entre Simón Bolívar e Francisco de Paula Santander, visitamos a Colômbia e a Venezuela, contemplamos estátuas e ouvimos a Orquestra Sinfônica Simón Bolívar. Em todo esse percurso, problematizamos a polissemia do culto bolivariano, tendo em vista a centralidade das independências sul-americanas e suas implicações, tais como: o estabelecimento de uma cultura cívica republicana, a formação da comunidade de generais e a constituição da nação ideal, hoje capturada por projetos políticos em cena na Venezuela e na Colômbia.
As últimas independências na América do Sul: Guyana e Suriname
Authors: Cavlak Iuri
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo, objetivo selecionar e discutir alguns aspectos do processo histórico de independência política da Guyana, antiga Guiana Inglesa, ocorrida em 1966, e do Suriname, antiga Guiana Holandesa, ocorrida em 1975. A conjuntura da segunda metade do século XX, a formação multiétnica de cada sociedade e as tradições advindas de metrópoles não ibéricas são aspectos marcantes para as diferenças em relação aos demais processos de independência dos países sul-americanos.
Y al morir al hombre enseña: teatro e política no contexto das independências
Authors: Verneck Bruno
Published: October 2021

A partir da análise de Camila o la patriota de Sudamérica, escrita por Camilo Henríquez em 1817, La Pola, escrita por José Domínguez Roche em 1820, e Túpac Amaru, escrita por Luis Ambrósio Morante em 1821, o presente trabalho busca indagar as relações entre teatro e política no período das guerras de independência. O objetivo do texto é mostrar como os dramaturgos articulam a forma do drama ao discurso cívico-patriótico de modo a construir o conceito de pátria do ponto de vista criollo e sempre refratário à ameaça espanhola.
Demarcações da cidadania nos gêneros menores: Chile no processo das independências americanas (1810-1829)
Authors: Prudant Elisabet , López Rico Natalia
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo indaga sobre o surgimento da cidadania como categoria política moderna no alvorecer das repúblicas latino-americanas, especificamente no Chile pós-revolucionário. Para tanto, analisa-se um conjunto de impressos publicados entre 1810 e 1829 – bandos, panfletos e catecismos – denominados gêneros menores, nos quais são invocadas formas flexíveis de cidadania que ganharam contornos específicos em sua relação com a figura do soldado e do patriota-cristão. Desse modo, as primeiras formas de cidadania moderna necessariamente conjugaram elementos comunitários do Antigo Regime e do bem comum do republicanismo clássico.
Questões culturais e lexicais na tradução de Ivan Turguêniev
Authors: Farjado Jéssica de Souza
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo, serão observadas questões tradutológicas como a equivalência de pronomes de tratamento e indicadores de formalidade entre o original em russo da novela O rei Lear da estepe e sua tradução para o francês, inglês e português do Brasil, bem como as soluções para a transferência de humor, cultural e de sentido nas traduções de elementos folclóricos e de expressões idiomáticas.
TradTerm entrevista: Paulo Bezerra
Authors: Darmaros Marina
Published: October 2021

Um dos pioneiros na tradução do russo no Brasil, Paulo Bezerra fala sobre o ofício e o legado de Boris Schnaiderman para todas as letras no Brasil. “Boris deixou aos tradutores um legado que considero essencial: sempre reler suas próprias traduções e reformular o que perceber necessário. Essa concepção do texto traduzido como algo inacabado é uma de suas importantes contribuições para uma teoria da tradução”
Por que ler Jorge Amado em russo: a cultura soviética revelada na tradução de Gabriela
Authors: Darmaros Marina
Published: October 2021

Jorge Amado nunca viveu em Moscou, mas teve portas abertas a sua publicação na URSS, sobretudo a partir do exílio em Praga, entre os anos 1940 e 1950, quando era membro ativo do Partido Comunista. Assim, a análise aqui apresentada da tradução de suas obras para o russo durante a União Soviética fala muito sobre a cultura, a história e a política deste país.
A Água viva de Clarice: criações na tradução
Authors: Lanius Marcela , Martins Marcia do Amaral Peixoto
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo busca, por meio de uma análise das duas traduções da obra Água viva (1973) publicadas em língua inglesa, identificar e caracterizar duas diferentes imagens de Clarice Lispector no sistema anglófono. A primeira, construída por volta das décadas de 1980 e 1990, possui um tom que é marcadamente feminista, enquanto que a segunda, mais recente, parece buscar a preservação da característica estrangeira do tom e da imagem de Clarice.
Association of Cardiology Billing Amounts With Health Care Utilization and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Bhatia R. Sacha , Chu Cherry , Kaoutskaia Anna , Ko Dennis T. , Shojania Kaveh G. , Dorian Paul , Yu Bing , Shurrab Mohammed , Fang Jiming , Ross Heather , Austin Peter C. , Bouck Zachary , Goodman Shaun G. , Crystal Eugene
Published: October 2021

Background

The relationship between health care utilization and outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation is unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate whether cardiologists’ billing amounts in a fee‐for‐service environment are associated with better patient‐level clinical outcomes.

Methods and Results

A retrospective cohort study was conducted using administrative claims data of cardiologists in Ontario, Canada between April 1, 2011 and March 31, 2016. The cardiologists were stratified into quintiles based on their median billing patterns per patient over the observation period. The primary outcomes were patient‐level receipt of repeat visits, cardiac diagnostic tests, and medications ≤1 year of index date. The secondary clinical outcomes were death, emergency department visits, and all‐cause hospitalization 1‐year post‐index visit. The patient cohort comprised 182 572 patients with atrial fibrillation (median age 74 years, 58% male) from 467 cardiologists. Patients with atrial fibrillation seen by higher‐billing cardiologists were 26% more likely to have an echocardiogram (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.26 [95% CI, 1.10–1.43] for quintile 5 versus 2), 28% a stress test (aOR, 1.28 [1.12–1.46] for quintile 5 versus 2), 25% continuous electrocardiographic monitoring (aOR, 1.25 [1.08–1.46] for quintile 4 versus 2), and 79% more likely to get a stress echocardiogram (aOR, 1.79 [1.32–2.42] for quintile 5 versus 2). They also had a higher rate of all‐cause hospitalization (aOR, 1.13 [1.07–1.20]). Mortality rates were similar across cardiologists billing quintiles (eg, aOR, 0.98 [0.87–1.11] for quintile 4 versus 2).

Conclusions

Higher‐billing cardiologists ordered more diagnostic tests per patient with atrial fibrillation but these are not associated with improvements in outcomes.
Changing Incidence and Mechanism of Pregnancy‐Associated Myocardial Infarction in the State of California
Authors: Jalnapurkar Sawan , Xu Karen Huaying , Zhang Zhiwei , Bairey Merz C. Noel , Elkayam Uri , Pai Ramdas G.
Published: October 2021

Background

The objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal trends in pregnancy‐associated myocardial infarction (PAMI) in the State of California and explore potential risk factors and mechanisms.

Methods and Results

The California State Inpatient Database was analyzed from 2003 to 2011 for patients with
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision
(
ICD‐9
) codes for acute myocardial infarction and pregnancy or postpartum admissions; risk factors were analyzed and compared with pregnant patients without myocardial infarction. A total of 341 patients were identified with PAMI from a total of 5 266 380 pregnancies (incidence of 6.5 per 100 000 pregnancies). Inpatient maternal mortality rate was 7%, and infant mortality rate was 3.5% among patients with PAMI. There was a nonsignificant trend toward an increase in PAMI incidence from 2003 to 2011, possibly attributable to higher incidence of spontaneous coronary artery dissection, vasospasm, and Takotsubo syndrome. PAMI, when compared with pregnant patients without myocardial infarction, was significant for older age (aged >30 years in 72% versus 37%,
P
<0.0005), higher preponderance of Black race (12% versus 6%,
P
<0.00005), lower socioeconomic status (median household income in lowest quartile 26% versus 20%,
P
=0.04), higher prevalence of hypertension (26% versus 7%,
P
<0.0005), diabetes (7% versus 1%,
P
<0.0005), anemia (31% versus 7%,
P
<0.0001), amphetamine use (1% versus 0%,
P
<0.00005), cocaine use (2% versus 0.2%,
P
<0.0001), and smoking (6% versus 1%,
P
=0.0001).

Conclusions

There has been a trend toward an increase in PAMI incidence in California over the past decade, with an increasing trend in spontaneous coronary artery dissection, vasospasm, and Takotsubo syndrome as mechanisms. These findings warrant further investigation.
Readmissions, Death and Its Associated Predictors in Heart Failure With Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Tay Wan Ting , Teng Tiew‐Hwa Katherine , Simon Oliver , Ouwerkerk Wouter , Tromp Jasper , Doughty Robert N. , Richards A. Mark , Hung Chung‐Lieh , Qin Yan , Aung Than , Anand Inder , Lam Carolyn S. P. ,   the ASIAN‐HF Investigators
Published: October 2021

Background

Data on rehospitalizations for heart failure (HF) in Asia are scarce. We sought to determine the burden and predictors of HF (first and recurrent) rehospitalizations and all‐cause mortality in patients with HF and preserved versus reduced ejection fraction (preserved EF, ≥50%; reduced EF, <40%), in the multinational ASIAN‐HF (Asian Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure) registry.

Methods and Results

Patients with symptomatic (stage C) chronic HF were followed up for death and recurrent HF hospitalizations for 1 year. Predictors of HF hospitalizations or all‐cause mortality were examined with Cox regression for time to first event and other methods for recurrent events analyses. Among 1666 patients with HF with preserved EF (mean age, 68±12 years; 50% women), and 4479 with HF with reduced EF (mean age, 61±13 years; 22% women), there were 642 and 2302 readmissions, with 28% and 45% attributed to HF, respectively. The 1‐year composite event rate for first HF hospitalization or all‐cause death was 11% and 21%, and for total HF hospitalization and all‐cause death was 17.7 and 38.7 per 100 patient‐years in HF with preserved EF and HF with reduced EF, respectively. In HF with preserved EF, consistent independent predictors of these clinical end points included enrollment as an inpatient, Southeast Asian location, and comorbid chronic kidney disease or atrial fibrillation. The same variables were predictive of outcomes in HF with reduced EF except atrial fibrillation, and also included Northeast Asian location, older age, elevated heart rate, decreased systolic blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, and non‐usage of beta blockers.

Conclusions

One‐year HF rehospitalization and mortality rates were high among Asian patients with HF. Predictors of outcomes identified in this study could aid in risk stratification and timely interventions.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01633398.
On Rubus ulmifolius (Rosaceae) and related taxa
Authors: FERRER-GALLEGO P. PABLO , VAN DE BEEK ABRAHAM
Published: October 2021

Nomenclature issues in the genus Rubus are discussed. In particular, R. ulmifolius and six related names, R. creticus, R. sanctus, R. parviflorus, R. vulgaris, R. non-spinosus, and R. inermis, are discussed. Further support is provided for the suggestions that these seven names are used for only one species. The names R. creticus, R. sanctus and R. parviflorus are homotypic, being R. sanctus and R. parviflorus illegitimate. A lectotype is designated for R. non-spinosus from an image of Barrelier. An epitype is selected for R. vulgaris from a modern specimen collected in Italy and preserved at L.
The identity of Ligularia yesoensis var. pulchella (Asteraceae, Senecioneae)
Authors: WANG LONG
Published: October 2021

N/A
Insecta non gratae: New Distribution Records of Eight Alien Bug (Hemiptera) Species in Turkey with Contributions of Citizen Science
Authors: ÇERÇİ BARİŞ , KARATAŞ AHMET , KARATAŞ AYŞEGÜL
Published: October 2021

This study is prepared to provide an example for the utility of citizen science in faunistic research, which is becoming popular as a data source, especially for invasive alien species. With the globalization tendency of many living species by human impact, alien species rapidly spread far from their natural distribution range and become invasive in their newly settled ecosystems. Some of these invasive alien species become one of the most important problems for nature. This study focuses on distribution of following eight alien Hemiptera species that have previously been recorded from Turkey: Zelus renardii (Reduviidae), Corythucha arcuata and Corythucha ciliata (Tingidae), Leptoglossus occidentalis (Coreidae), Perillus bioculatus and Halyomorpha halys (Pentatomidae), Stictocephala bisonia (Membracidae) and Metcalfa pruinosa (Flatidae). New distributional and seasonality data for all these species are presented based on observations shared by citizen scientists in the websites Doğalhayat and iNaturalist. New provincial records for each species are given. As a result, it is apparent that citizen science is an important data source, supplies remarkable contribution for increasing the understanding on expansion of invasive alien species as well as providing clear picture on their distribution.
Understanding the Facebook Users' Behavior towards COVID-19 Information Sharing by Integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior and Gratifications
Authors: Malik Amara , Mahmood Khalid , Islam Talat
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to investigate Facebook users’ information sharing behavior during COVID-19 by merging the theory of planned behavior and uses and gratifications theory into one theoretical framework. Facebook has been playing a pivotal role in shaping how people across the globe are experiencing the coronavirus pandemic. Yet knowledge about motivational and behavioral factors influencing information sharing through Facebook remains limited in the context of COVID-19. We collected data from 540 Facebook users through Google Forms. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the hypotheses of the study. We noted that Facebook users shared COVID-19 information for entertainment, socializing, and status-seeking. The findings further identified that attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control positively affect the behavioral intention and actual behavior of Facebook users to share COVID-19 information.
Microcirculation of intramyocardial hemorrhage caused by reperfused myocardial infarctions with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Xia Rui , Zhu Tong , Zhang Yu , He Bo , Wang Lei , Zheng Jie , Gao Fabao
Published: October 2021

Background

The actual role of the coronary microcirculation, which is massively injured by myocardial infarction (MI), in intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) pathophysiology is still not fully understood.

Purpose

To determine the change and distribution of microcirculation of myocardial edema (ME), IMH, MI, and the remote area of early reperfusion using 7.0-T cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in a rat model of acute MI.

Material and Methods

Eight rats with 60-min myocardial ischemia followed by reperfusion were investigated. On days 2 and 7, after the acquisition of T2*-mapping and T2-mapping images, late gadolinium enhancement imaging was performed to evaluate the extent of myocardial ischemia after an injection of Gd-DTPA. On days 3 and 8, after the injection of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO), T2*- and T2-mapping images were acquired. The R2 values of ME, IMH, MI, and remote areas were measured.

Results

From days 2 to 3, R2 values increased in the IMH, MI, ME, and remote area (all P < 0.05) following administration of USPIO, while the delta R2 value of IMH and MI was larger than remote area ( P < 0.05). From day 7 to day 8, there was no significant difference in the IMH, MI, ME, and remote area (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Microvascular injury of IMH and MI is the most severe among all the studied myocardial injuries in the early reperfusion of MI, while microvascular density decreased during follow-up.
The ethics of supervision: Reciprocity, emergence and prefiguration
Authors: Dalal Farhad
Published: October 2021

The paper asks: what makes for an ethical supervision? It begins by looking at the differing ethical requirements in situations of persons and things (science), and in situations of persons and persons. It is argued that if psychotherapy (and consequently supervision) is thought to be a scientific activity, then it will require the supervisor to subscribe to the ethics akin to those of the natural scientist. However, if psychotherapy and supervision are intersubjective relational activities, then the ethical requirements will be those of reciprocity and mutuality. Also necessary will be notions of prefiguration and emergence.
Electrofusion welding and reinforced thermoplastic pipes – A review
Authors: Gierulski Maciej P , Tomlinson Rachel , Troughton Mike
Published: October 2021

Oil and gas operators have been looking for a more reliable and cost-effective material for their pipelines to substitute steel in pipes and connectors. Reinforced thermoplastic pipes are a popular choice for this purpose, but they are still mainly using steel connectors, which have limited lifetimes due to corrosion. For this reason, efforts are being made to design a non-metallic electrofusion coupler to connect these. This article looks at the current state of the art in electrofusion welding of standard polyethylene pipes and aims to find possibilities of applying this technology to reinforced thermoplastic pipes.
Marital Strain and Support and Subjective Well-Being in Later Life: Ascribing a Role to Childhood Adversity
Authors: Upenieks Laura , Liu Yingling
Published: October 2021

Objectives: We integrate the life course perspective with the stress-process model to offer a framework for how childhood conditions moderate the relationship between marital support/strain and subjective well-being in older adulthood for men and women. Methods: Drawing on longitudinal data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), we use a series of lagged dependent-variable models and stratify the sample by gender. Results: Our results suggest that the benefits associated with greater marital support are stronger for those that did not live with both parents in childhood for men. Women raised in families that experienced financial hardship reported lower subjective well-being in the context of marital strain. Conclusion: Adverse experiences in childhood can be scarring or foster resilience related to well-being in the context of strained or supportive marriages.
Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Into Specific Neural Lineages
Authors: Chang Chia-Yu , Ting Hsiao-Chien , Liu Ching-Ann , Su Hong-Lin , Chiou Tzyy-Wen , Harn Horng-Jyh , Lin Shinn-Zong , Ho Tsung-Jung
Published: October 2021

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are sources of several somatic cell types for human developmental studies, in vitro disease modeling, and cell transplantation therapy. Improving strategies of derivation of high-purity specific neural and glial lineages from hPSCs is critical for application to the study and therapy of the nervous system. Here, we will focus on the principles behind establishment of neuron and glia differentiation methods according to developmental studies. We will also highlight the limitations and challenges associated with the differentiation of several “difficult” neural lineages and delay in neuronal maturation and functional integration. To overcome these challenges, we will introduce strategies and novel technologies aimed at improving the differentiation of various neural lineages to expand the application potential of hPSCs to the study of the nervous system.
Communalistic use of psychoactive plants as a bridge between traditional healing practices and Western medicine: A new path for the Global Mental Health movement
Authors: Ona Genís , Berrada Ali , Bouso José Carlos
Published: October 2021

The Global Mental Health (GMH) movement aims to provide urgently needed treatment to those with mental illness, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Due to the complexity of providing mental health services to people from various cultures, there is much debate among GMH advocates regarding the best way to proceed. While biomedical interventions offer some degree of help, complementary approaches should focus on the social/community aspects. Many cultures conduct traditional rituals involving the communal use of psychoactive plants. We propose that these practices should be respected, protected, and promoted as valuable tools with regard to mental health care at the community level. The traditional use of psychoactive plants promotes community engagement and participation, and they are relatively affordable. Furthermore, the worldviews and meaning-making systems of local population are respected. The medical systems surrounding the use of psychoactive plants can be explained in biomedical terms, and many recently published clinical trials have demonstrated their therapeutic potential. Psychoactive plants and associated rituals offer potential benefits as complementary aspects of mental health services. They should be considered as such by international practitioners and advocates of the GMH movement.
‘Seeing’ music from manga: visualizing music with embodied mechanisms of musical experience
Authors: Hsu Iju , Chiang Wen-Yu
Published: October 2021

This study investigates how music is represented in musical-themed manga by visual components referred to as ‘visualized music’, and how embodied mechanisms of musical experience conceive these visual manifestations. Using Šorm and Steen’s (2018) Visual Metaphor Identification Procedure (VISMIP), the authors discovered four metaphors, and seven metonymies and ‘manpu’ (i.e. iconic signs used in manga) that are widely applied in visualizing music. In addition, they incorporated Juslin and Västfjäll’s (2008) framework and further proposed five major embodied mechanisms of musical experience: (1) brain stem reflex, (2) emotional contagion, (3) visual imagery, (4) emotional memory related to music, and (5) musical expectancy. Their results showed that these embodied mechanisms are the foundations of visualized music. The brain stem reflex, the underlying structure of most metonymies and manpu, triggers us to represent some acoustic characteristics by using sound symbolic components. These include emotional contagion-inducing metaphors representing emotional responses, such as ‘ MUSIC/EMOTION IS WEATHER’, which further entails their acoustic characteristics and visual imagery, the most important mechanism, basing our overall comprehension of music and metaphorical mapping between music and image-schemata. Readers also use emotional simulations to understand the visual imagery that further constructs their impressions toward music, emotional memory grounding manifestations related to music used to build background stories and intensify reader empathy, and lastly, musical expectancy, involving the ability of prediction and consciousness, usually associated with ‘ MUSIC IS LIGHT’. In this way, this study sheds light on our overall understanding of audio-visual cross-modality, musical experience, metaphor and embodied experience.
The butterfly effect: Theoretical implications of an apparently minor corporate transparency proposal
Authors: Hardman Jonathan
Published: October 2021

The UK government has proposed a seemingly minor change to the UK corporate transparency regime, being to require Companies House to verify the identity of new directors of companies, persons of significant control and those incorporating companies, to help in the fight against corporate crime. These proposals seem sensible and innocuous. However, there are a number of theoretical implications which flow from this seemingly minor change. First, it starts the process of making the UK corporate register an effective gatekeeper. Second, it involves the state more in the establishment and operation of the company, strengthening the argument that the corporate form somehow exists as a gift from the state. Third, shareholders are ignored, which challenges argumentation structures for those who believe in shareholder primacy. This illustrates how dependent ostensibly universal company law theory is on a particular doctrinal structure, and thus how exposed particular calibrations of arguments are to being undermined. Every time the UK government proposes a minor change to company law doctrine, the butterfly flaps her wings and those advancing existing company law argumentation structures must brace themselves.
Not All Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog Mutations Predict Poor Survival in Patients With Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastasis
Authors: Lin Zhizun , Liu Yi , Cai Shaoxin , Yang Changshun , Zhou Liyuan , Li Weihua
Published: October 2021

Objective: To assess the characteristics of Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations and investigated whether all KRAS mutations predict poor prognosis in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM). Methods: Correlations between KRAS-mutation status and clinicopathological characteristics of 93 patients with unresectable CRLM at our institution between 2010 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the prognostic significance of KRAS mutations. Results: KRAS were primarily single-point mutations, identified in 41.9% of patients. There were no significant differences in clinicopathological characteristics between wild-type KRAS and mutant KRAS. Patients with mutant KRAS had significantly worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) than those with wild-type KRAS. Moreover, patients with codon 12 mutations had worse OS and PFS than those with wild-type KRAS, whereas mutations in codon 13 were not associated with a worse prognosis. Among the 5 most common mutations in codons 12, G12V, and G12D were associated with worse OS, furthermore, G12C mutation seemed to associated with worse PFS than patients with wild-type KRAS. Conclusion: KRAS codon 12 mutations were predictive for a poor prognosis in patients with unresectable CRLM. G12D and G12V mutations were associated with worse OS, whereas G12C mutation seemed to be associated with decreased PFS.
Gibson and Pictures in Perspective: Reverse the Directions
Authors: Kennedy John M.
Published: October 2021

In his extensive writing about pictures, James J. Gibson offered perspective formulae for square tiles projecting trapezoids onto a picture plane, foreshortening to zero height with distance. I reverse the claim: as distance decreases, the trapezoids increase to infinite height, in marginal distortion, or forelengthening. I also reverse the direction of projection. Usually considered to be incoming, from the distant tile to the picture plane, in reverse—outgoing—the tiles have directions from the center of projection, with implications for haptics and people who are blind. A drawing of a cube illustrates the argument. It is by an adult who is blind. It includes foreshortening, and shows directions of surfaces from a vantage point.
Challenges in chronic pelvic pain: Diffuse uterine capillary haemangioma simulating a clinical picture of adenomyosis
Authors: Jimenez Jose Carlos Vilches , Garcia Ignacio Brunel , Zambrano Ana Mercedes Betancourt , Ramirez Vanesa Moreno , Fernandez Rodrigo Orozco , Sanchez Manuel Lozano
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Adenomyosis is a heterogeneous condition of difficult diagnosis that stands out in our patients for causing abundant menstrual bleeding, dyspareunia and dysmenorrhoea. However, in chronic pelvic pain units it is important to consider other conditions of similar symptomatologies, such as vascular malformations. These include capillary haemangiomas which, although rare in the reproductive tract, can produce serious symptoms.

Case description:

We present the case of a 31-year-old woman under observation by the chronic pelvic pain unit for dysmenorrhoea and dyspareunia since menarche. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance findings were compatible with adenomyosis. The patient showed no improvement with hormonal treatment. Upon failure of the medical treatment and taking into account the patient’s lack of gestational desire, a laparoscopic hysterectomy was performed. The pathological report revealed a diffuse capillary haemangioma as the cause of the symptoms. Given the completely curative nature of surgery for this type of condition, the patient was discharged from our unit.

Conclusion:

The preoperative diagnosis of adenomyosis is still a challenge and units specializing in chronic pelvic pain must consider all possible diagnostic options so as not to overlook rarer conditions such as vascular malformations.