bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying modifiable risk factors for mortality in children aged 1–59 months admitted with WHO-defined severe pneumonia: a single-centre observational cohort study from rural Malawi
Authors: Eckerle Michelle , Mvalo Tisungane , Smith Andrew G , Kondowe Davie , Makonokaya Don , Vaidya Dhananjay , Hosseinipour Mina C , McCollum Eric D
Published: April 2022

Objective

Although HIV infection, severe malnutrition and hypoxaemia are associated with high mortality in children with WHO-defined severe pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa, many do not have these conditions and yet mortality remains elevated compared with high-resource settings. Further stratifying mortality risk for children without these conditions could permit more strategic resource utilisation and improved outcomes. We therefore evaluated associations between mortality and clinical characteristics not currently recognised by the WHO as high risk among children in Malawi with severe pneumonia but without HIV (including exposure), severe malnutrition and hypoxaemia.

Methods

Between May 2016 and March 2018, we conducted a prospective observational study alongside a randomised controlled trial (CPAP IMPACT) at Salima District Hospital in Malawi. Children aged 1–59 months hospitalised with WHO-defined severe pneumonia without severe malnutrition, HIV and hypoxaemia were enrolled. Study staff assessed children at admission and ascertained hospital outcomes. We compared group characteristics using Student’s t-test, rank-sum test, χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate.

Results

Among 884 participants, grunting (10/112 (8.9%) vs 11/771 (1.4%)), stridor (2/14 (14.2%) vs 19/870 (2.1%)), haemoglobin <50 g/L (3/27 (11.1%) vs 18/857 (2.1%)) and malaria (11/204 (5.3%) vs 10/673 (1.4%)) were associated with mortality compared with children without these characteristics. Children who survived had a 22 g/L higher mean haemoglobin and 0.7 cm higher mean mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) than those who died.

Conclusion

In this single-centre study, our analysis identifies potentially modifiable risk factors for mortality among hospitalised Malawian children with severe pneumonia: specific signs of respiratory distress (grunting, stridor), haemoglobin <50 g/L and malaria infection. Significant differences in mean haemoglobin and MUAC were observed between those who survived and those who died. These factors could further stratify mortality risk among hospitalised Malawian children with severe pneumonia lacking recognised high-risk conditions.
Community paediatricians’ experience of joint working with child and adolescent mental health services: findings from a British national survey
Authors: Ani Cornelius , Ayyash Hani F , Ogundele Michael Oladipo
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Children and young people (CYP) presenting to paediatric or child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) often have needs spanning medical and psychiatric diagnoses. However, joint working between paediatrics and CAMHS remains limited. We surveyed community paediatricians in the UK to inform better strategies to improve joint working with CAMHS.

Methods

We conducted an online survey of community paediatricians through the British Association for Community Child Health (BACCH) on how much joint working they experienced with CAMHS, any hindrances to more collaborative working, and the impact on service users and service provision. This paper is based on thematic analysis of 327 free-text comments by paediatricians.

Results

A total of 245 community paediatricians responded to the survey (22% of BACCH members). However, some responses were made on behalf of teams rather than for individual paediatricians. The following were the key themes identified: a strong support for joint working between community paediatrics and CAMHS; an acknowledgement that current levels of joint working were limited; the main barriers to joint working were splintered commissioning and service structures (eg, where integrated care systems fund different providers to meet overlapping children’s health needs); and the most commonly reported negative impact of non-joint working was severely limited access to CAMHS for CYP judged by paediatricians to require mental health support, particularly those with autism spectrum disorder.

Conclusion

There is very limited joint working between community paediatrics and CAMHS in the UK, which is associated with many adverse impacts on service users and providers. A prointegration strategy that includes joint commissioning of adequately funded paediatric and CAMHS services that are colocated and within the same health management organisations is crucial to improving joint working between paediatrics and CAMHS.
Moving beyond ‘think leadership, think white male’: the contents and contexts of equity, diversity and inclusion in physician leadership programmes
Authors: Soklaridis Sophie , Lin Elizabeth , Black Georgia , Paton Morag , LeBlanc Constance , Besa Reena , MacLeod Anna , Silver Ivan , Whitehead Cynthia Ruth , Kuper Ayelet
Published: April 2022

The lack of both women and physicians from groups under-represented in medicine (UIM) in leadership has become a growing concern in healthcare. Despite increasing recognition that diversity in physician leadership can lead to reduced health disparities, improved population health and increased innovation and creativity in organisations, progress toward this goal is slow. One strategy for increasing the number of women and UIM physician leaders has been to create professional development opportunities that include leadership training on equity, diversity and inclusivity (EDI). However, the extent to which these concepts are explored in physician leadership programming is not known. It is also not clear whether this EDI content challenges structural barriers that perpetuate the status quo of white male leadership. To explore these issues, we conducted an environmental scan by adapting Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology to centre on three questions:How is EDI currently presented in physician leadership programming? How have these programmes been evaluated in the peer-reviewed literature? How is EDI presented and discussed by the wider medical community?We scanned institutional websites for physician leadership programmes, analysed peer-reviewed literature and examined material from medical education conferences. Our findings indicate that despite an apparent increase in the discussion of EDI concepts in the medical community, current physician leadership programming is built on theories that fail to move beyond race and gender as explanatory factors for a lack of diversity in physician leadership. To address inequity, physician leadership curricula should aim to equip physicians to identify and address the structural factors that perpetuate disparities.
Comment on ″Optical soliton to multi-core (coupling with all the neighbors) directional couplers and modulation instability″ [Eur.Phys.J.Plus(2021)136:325]
Authors: El-Ganaini Shoukry
Published: April 2022

In a recent paper, Abbagari et al. (EPJP 136:325, 2021) investigated the nonlinear multi-core coupler (coupling with all neighbors) with the parabolic law nonlinearity via the so called new sub-ODE method. In this comment, we show that all solutions presented by Abbagari et al. (EPJP 136:325, 2021) do not satisfy the considered equation and therefore are incorrect. Some important attentions to the authors (EPJP 136:325, 2021) have been presented.
Magnetohydrodynamic migration of nanomaterial within a cavity with involvement of hybrid nanoparticles
Authors: Almohsen Bandar
Published: April 2022

To examine the hybrid nanomaterial transportation within a permeable region, a numerical approach was applied. The permeable domain was filled with a mixture of water with hybrid nanomaterial (Fe3O[Formula: see text] MWCNT). The wavy below wall experiences uniform flux but the top circular wall maintains at cold temperature. Magnetic field in [Formula: see text]-direction was applied and non-Darcy formulation was applied for applying permeability effect. Gravity forces help the transportation of hybrid nanomaterial and magnetic forces reduce the speed of nanomaterial. Imposing nanomaterial can decline the irreversibility. For simulation of equations, CVFEM was applied and Bejan and Nu numbers were calculated. Verification test depicts the nice agreement and contours for irreversibility have been presented. By imposing Ha, the Be augments about 4.36% while Nu declines around 13.32%. By selecting greater Da, the Nu intensifies around 8.95% while Be declines about 4.35%. Nu elevates around 93.78% with an augment of Ra while Be drops around 52.75%.
A NEW VARIANT OF FUZZY FRACTIONAL DYNAMIC SYSTEM DRIVEN BY TIME-DEPENDENT VARIATIONAL INEQUALITY
Authors: ZENG SHENGDA , BAI YUNRU , YAO JEN-CHIH , NGUYEN VAN THIEN
Published: April 2022

The primary goal of this paper is to study a nonlinear fuzzy fractional dynamic system (FFDS) involving a time-dependent variational inequality. We use the monotone argument and Knaster–Kuratowski–Mazurkiewicz (KKM) theorem to prove that the variational system of FFDS is solvable and its solutions become a bounded, closed and convex set. Employing this result together with Bohnenblust–Karlin fixed point theorem and Filippov implicit function, we show the existence of a mild solution to FFDS.
Dirichlet problem for complex Monge–Ampère equation near an isolated KLT singularity
Authors: Fu Xin
Published: April 2022

We solve the Dirichlet problem for complex Monge–Ampère equation near an isolate Klt singularity, which generalizes the result of Eyssidieux et al. [Singular Kähler–Einstein metrics, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 22 (2009) 607–639], where the Monge–Ampère equation is solved on singular varieties without boundary. As a corollary, we construct solutions to Monge–Ampère equation with isolated singularity on strongly pseudoconvex domain [Formula: see text] contained in [Formula: see text].
Effective surface energies in nematic liquid crystals as homogenized rugosity effects
Authors: Ceuca Razvan-Dumitru , Taylor Jamie M. , Zarnescu Arghir
Published: April 2022

We study the effect of boundary rugosity in nematic liquid crystalline systems. We consider a highly general formulation of the problem, able to simultaneously deal with several liquid crystal theories. We use techniques of Gamma convergence and demonstrate that the effect of fine-scale surface oscillations may be replaced by an effective homogenized surface energy on a simpler domain. The homogenization limit is then quantitatively studied in a simplified setting, obtaining convergence rates.
Hyperbolic mass via horospheres
Authors: Jang Hyun Chul , Miao Pengzi
Published: April 2022

We derive geometric formulas for the mass of asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds using coordinate horospheres. As an application, we obtain a new rigidity result of hyperbolic space: if a complete asymptotically hyperbolic manifold has scalar curvature lower bound [Formula: see text] and is isometric to hyperbolic space outside a coordinate horosphere, then the manifold is isometric to hyperbolic space. In addition, we apply our formula to investigate regions near infinity that do not contribute to the mass quantity, which leads to improved rigidity results of hyperbolic space.
THE ROLE OF NETWORK EMBEDDEDNESS ON THE SELECTION OF COLLABORATION PARTNERS: AN AGENT-BASED MODEL WITH EMPIRICAL VALIDATION
Authors: SCHWEITZER FRANK , GARAS ANTONIOS , TOMASELLO MARIO V. , VACCARIO GIACOMO , VERGINER LUCA
Published: April 2022

We use a data-driven agent-based model to study the core–periphery structure of two collaboration networks, R&D alliances between firms and co-authorship relations between scientists. To characterize the network embeddedness of agents, we introduce a coreness value obtained from a weighted [Formula: see text]-core decomposition. We study the change of these coreness values when collaborations with newcomers or established agents are formed. Our agent-based model is able to reproduce the empirical coreness differences of collaboration partners and to explain why we observe a change in partner selection for agents with high network embeddedness.
Long-time asymptotics for the complex nonlinear transverse oscillation equation
Authors: Geng Xianguo , Liu Wenhao , Wang Kedong , Chen Mingming
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we study the long-time asymptotic behavior of the Cauchy problem for the complex nonlinear transverse oscillation equation. Based on the corresponding Lax pair, the original Riemann–Hilbert problem is constructed by introducing some spectral function transformations and variable transformations, and the solution of the complex nonlinear transverse oscillation equation is transformed into the solution of the resulted Riemann–Hilbert problem. Various Deift–Zhou contour deformations and the motivation behind them are given, from which the original Riemann–Hilbert problem is further transformed into a solvable model problem. The long-time asymptotic behavior of the Cauchy problem for the complex nonlinear transverse oscillation equation is obtained by using the nonlinear steepest decent method.
A new family of Gauss (k,t)-Horadam numbers
Authors: Taştan Merve , Yılmaz Nazmiye , Özkan Engin
Published: April 2022

We present a new family of Gauss [Formula: see text]-Horadam numbers and obtain Binet formula of this family. We give the relationship between this family and the known Gauss [Formula: see text]-Horadam number. Then we prove the Cassini and Catalan identities for this family. Furthermore, we investigate the sums, the recurrence relations and generating functions of this family.
Linear recurrent cryptography: Golden-like cryptography for higher order linear recurrences
Authors: Koshkin Sergiy , Rodriguez Daniel
Published: April 2022

We develop matrix cryptography based on linear recurrent sequences of any order that allows securing encryption against brute force and chosen plaintext attacks. In particular, we solve the problem of generalizing error detection and correction algorithms of golden cryptography previously known only for recurrences of a special form. They are based on proving the checking relations (inequalities satisfied by the ciphertext) under the condition that the analog of the golden Q-matrix has the strong Perron–Frobenius property. These algorithms are proved to be especially efficient when the characteristic polynomial of the recurrence is a Pisot polynomial. Finally, we outline algorithms for generating recurrences that satisfy our conditions.
Minimal instances with no weakly stable matching for three-sided problem with cyclic incomplete preferences
Authors: Lerner Eduard Yu. , Lerner Regina E.
Published: April 2022

Given n men, n women, and n dogs, each man has an incomplete preference list of women, each woman has an incomplete preference list of dogs, and each dog has an incomplete preference list of men. We understand a family as a triple consisting of one man, one woman, and one dog such that the dog belongs to the preference list of the woman, who, in turn, belongs to the preference list of the man, while the latter belongs to the preference list of the dog. We understand a matching as a collection of nonintersecting families (some agents, possibly, remain single). A matching is said to be nonstable, if one can find a man, a woman, and a dog who do not live together currently but each of them would become “happier” if they do. Otherwise, the matching is said to be stable (a weakly stable matching). We give an example of this problem for [Formula: see text] where no stable matching exists. Moreover, we prove the absence of such an example for [Formula: see text]. Such an example was known earlier only for [Formula: see text] [P. Biró and E. McDermid, Three-sided stable matchings with cyclic preferences, Algorithmica 58 (2010) 5–18]. The constructed examples also allow one to halve the size of the recently constructed analogous example for complete preference lists [C.-K. Lam and C.G. Plaxton, On the existence of three-dimensional stable matchings with cyclic preferences, in Algorithmic Game Theory, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 11801 (Springer, 2019), pp. 329–342].
The size multipartite Ramsey numbers mj(C3,C3,nK2,mK2)
Authors: Rowshan Yaser , Gholami Mostafa
Published: April 2022

Assume that [Formula: see text] is a complete, and multipartite graph consisting of j partite sets and n vertices in each partite set. For given graphs [Formula: see text], the multipartite Ramsey number (M-R-number) [Formula: see text], is the smallest integer [Formula: see text], such that for any [Formula: see text]-edge-coloring [Formula: see text] of the edges of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] contains a monochromatic copy of [Formula: see text] for at least one [Formula: see text]. The size of M-R-number [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text], the size of M-R-number [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and the size of M-R-number [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] have been computed in several papers up to now. In this paper, we determine some lower bounds for the M-R-number [Formula: see text] for each [Formula: see text], and some values of M-R-number [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text], and each [Formula: see text].
An Architecture Using Payment Channel Networks for Blockchain-based Wi-Fi Sharing
Authors: Janiesch Christian , Fischer Marcus , Imgrund Florian , Hofmann Adrian , Winkelmann Axel
Published: April 2022

Enabling Internet access while taking load of mobile networks, the concept of Wi-Fi sharing holds much potential. While trust-based concepts require a trusted intermediary and cannot prevent malicious behavior, for example, conducted through fake profiles, security-based approaches lack adequate accounting mechanisms and coverage. Against this backdrop, we develop a Wi-Fi sharing architecture based on blockchain technology and payment channel networks. Our contribution is twofold: First, we present a comprehensive collection of design principles for workable Wi-Fi sharing networks. Second, we propose and evaluate a reference architecture that augments current approaches with adequate accounting mechanisms and facilitates performance, scalability, security, and participant satisfaction.
Lithiation and Magnesiation Mechanism of VOCl: First-Principles Moleculardynamics Simulation
Authors: Gao Danmei , Dong Jingren , Yuan Yuan , Xiao Renchao , Liu Yuping , Yu Danmei , Chen Changguo , Tang Aitao , Zhang Dingfei , Pan Fusheng
Published: April 2022

The layered metal oxide VOCl is a kind of promising electrode material for rechargeable batteries. It is the first time that the thermodynamic, electronic, and kinetic properties of lithiated and magnesiated VOCl were systematically investigated. The upper limit of Li and Mg topological intercalation into VOCl is xLi = 1 and xMg = 0.5, respectively. Beyond the critical value, further lithiation and magnesiation will cause the phase evolution of layered VOCl. Upon lithiation, four discharge plateaus are observed at 2.10, 2.23, 1.62 and 1.23 V vs Li+/Li in the concentration range of 0 ≤ xLi ≤ 1. Upon magnesiation, the average voltage reaches 1.10 V vs Mg2+/Mg in the concentration range of 0 ≤ xMg ≤ 0.25, which are consistent with the experimental values. The pair correlation function (PCF) diagrams display the formation of V metal at high concentration of xLi and xMg, proving the occurrence of conversion reaction. The diffusion energy barriers of Li ions and Mg ions in VOCl are 0.22 and 0.72 eV, respectively, which are much lower than those of other intercalation materials. The layered VOCl bulk is a high-rate capability cathode material for lithium-ion battery. Based on the thermodynamic/kinetic properties and the AIMD simulation results, the electrochemical mechanism of layered VOCl is an intercalation-conversion reaction during the lithiated and magnesiated processes. The conversion-type cathodes have the potential to circumvent the sluggish solid-state Mg diffusion and improves the performance of Mg rechargeable batteries with high-energy density and high-rate capability.
The 3-phenyl-1,4,2-dioxazol-5-one (PDO) Electrolyte Additive for Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2)O2 and Li(Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1)O2 Lithium-Ion Cells
Authors: Ouyang Dongxu , Song Wentao , Oh Kyoungho , Ahn K. W. , Hall David S. , Hynes Toren , Wang Jian , Dahn Jeff
Published: April 2022

Electrolyte additives, as a small proportion of the electrolyte, greatly affect the performance of lithium-ion cells. This work performs a comparative study to reveal the difference between commercial 99.8% pure 3-phenyl-1,4,2-dioxazol-5-one (PDO) additive and lab-made 95% pure PDO in NMC622/graphite cells. In addition, a set of experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of 99.8% pure PDO and its binary blends with vinylene carbonate (VC), 1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide (DTD) or lithium difluorophosphate (LFO) in NMC811/graphite cells. 99.8% Pure PDO and 95% pure PDO show little difference in the NMC622 cells, with the latter presenting relatively better performance in the best-performing blends for long-term cycling and high-temperature storage tests. Considering all the tests including ultra high precision coulometry (UHPC) cycling, long-term cycling, and high-temperature storage, the NMC811 cells with 2%PDO+ 1%LFO outperformed the other PDO-containing cells. The PDO-based blends were confirmed to be more promising in cells with higher nickel content; that is, PDO could be a useful additive in high-nickel content cells.
Electrical and Electrochemical Performances Evaluation of LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3 Cathode Contact and Current Collecting Layer in SOFCs
Authors: Wang Yu , Lyu Qiuqiu , Zhu Tenglong , Liu Yang , Sun Kaihua , Sun Zaihong , Bu Yunfei , Zhong Qin , Han Minfang
Published: April 2022

In this work, the electrical and electrochemical performances of LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3 (LNF) cathode contact and current collecting layer are investigated. The screen-printed LNF thin film on LSCF-GDC cathode effectively improves the performance of anode supported single cell with maximum power density increase by ∼15% and polarization resistance decrement by ∼24%. However, the LNF layer is found to hinder oxygen diffusion under low cathode oxygen partial pressure below ∼0.07 atm. For the application as thick contact layer, an optimized method is developed in combination with alternate ink deposition and drying processes, to provide decent structural stability and interfacial contact. The area specific resistance (ASR) of thick LNF contact layer shows high long-term stability under current load of 300 mA cm−2. The ASR stabilizes at 0.086 Ω·cm2 for more than 1600 h. Moreover, the LNF contact layer operates stably after 7 thermal cycles. The results indicate that, LNF is promisingly applicable as current contact and collecting material in solid oxide fuel cells.
Sustainable Utilization Mode of International Communication of Cultural Tourism Resources Based on the Concept of Green Growth
Authors: Wang Lu
Published: April 2022

Cultural tourism is gradually showing a rapid development momentum, but there are also some corresponding problems in the use and development of cultural resources and management mode, so how to maintain the sustainable development of cultural tourism resources and environment on the basis of economic stability is particularly important. Therefore, this paper takes the tea culture resources of Hunan Province as the research object, adopts the methods of questionnaire survey, and conducts a sample survey on the tourists in Hunan of 2020 Oct. It also analyzes the types of tourists’ travel behavior, the reasons for tourists’ travel, the most important tourist attraction elements, tourists’ satisfaction, awareness of tea culture tourism, and awareness of Hunan Province. The value evaluation of cultural resource development, the evaluation of cultural tourism resources in Hunan Province, the evaluation of cultural tourism commodities and the shortcomings in tourism are analyzed. The results show that tourists pay more attention to the comprehensive experience, cultural resources, and environment; they are willing to learn more about cultural resource tourism; at the same time, they also reflect that there are insufficient development efforts, backward supporting facilities, and lack of relevant talents and laws in cultural resource tourism. Finally, this paper puts forward the sustainable utilization and management mode of cultural resources. By comparing before and after the trip, whether the respondents are “willing” to further understand the tea culture, 26.6% of them are “unwilling” before the trip and 73.4% are “willing,” and 12.2% are “unwilling” after the trip and 87.8% of them choose “willing.”
The Influence of Chinese Grassroots Environmental NGOs on Government Decision-Making: Based on Social Internet of Things in Two Ant-Dam Movements
Authors: Wang Ying
Published: April 2022

Whether Chinese grassroots environmental nongovernmental organizations (ENGOs) have played a significant role in Chinese environmental decision-making remains a subject of debate. Like companies, ENGOs seek ways to apply social internet of things to deliver quality services in increasingly complex environments, enhance capabilities, engage partners, and thereby influence governments. This research reanalyzes two ant-dam movements in Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces to assess which strategies ENGOs deploy, how they exert their influence, and to what extent they have influenced Chinese environmental decision-making. We identify three strategies adopted in the two cases. The first is a bottom-up (public) strategy that involves mobilizing the media and celebrities to exert public opinion pressure on the Chinese government. The second is a top-down (international) strategy that involves gaining the sympathy and support of the international community to exert international pressure on the government. The third is a flank-attack (political) strategy that involves winning over deputies of the Chinese NPC and CPPCC and members of Chinese democratic parties to exert political pressure on the government. However, all of the pressure exerted only catalyzes and accelerates the process of Chinese environmental decision-making: Its influence is secondary and represents an external cause. The will and determination of the central and local governments are the leading factor and represent the internal determinant of environmental decision-making.
Study on the Effect of Moisture Content and Dry Density on Shear Strength of Silty Clay Based on Direct Shear Test
Authors: Kang Qinrong , Xia Yuandi , Li Xiaoshuang , Zhang Weizhong , Feng Chaoran
Published: April 2022

Silty clay is a kind of clay with more powder group than sand group, and its shear strength is mainly influenced by moisture content, dry density, and particle gradation. In this study, the deformation characteristics of silty clay under different normal pressure conditions were investigated from the perspective of control variables through indoor direct shear experiments. The results of the study show that with the same guaranteed moisture content, it can be seen from the fitted curves that with the increase of dry density, the arrangement of soil particles becomes more compact, the cementation between soil particles is strengthened, the shear strength increases, the occlusal friction increases due to the change of arrangement between soil particles, and the angle of internal friction and cohesion are relatively larger; in addition, when the dry density is the same, with the increase of moisture content, the soil becomes softer, and the form of water in the soil particles changes. In addition, when the dry density is the same, as the moisture content increases, the soil becomes softer, the presence of water between the soil particles changes, resulting in the weakening of the occlusion between the soil particles, the shear strength decreases, and the cohesion and the angle of internal friction relatively decrease.
Efficacy of Bevacizumab and Gemcitabine in Combination with Cisplatin in the Treatment of Esophageal Cancer and the Effect on the Incidence of Adverse Reactions
Authors: Wang Jiangfeng , Zhao Qiang , Cai Lei , Li Jianqiang , Chen Sheng
Published: April 2022

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of bevacizumab and gemcitabine in combination with cisplatin in the treatment of esophageal cancer and the effect on the incidence of adverse reactions. Methods. A total of 100 esophageal cancer patients admitted to our hospital from March 2019 to March 2021 were identified as research subjects and randomized into the control group and the study group, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with gemcitabine combined with cisplatin, and the study group was treated with the triple therapy of bevacizumab, gemcitabine, and cisplatin. The treatment efficiency and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups of patients. Results. The total treatment efficiency in the study group was 86%, which was significantly higher than that of 66% in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Cyfra21‐1, and C‐met were reduced in both groups, with significantly lower levels in the study group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of all CTCAE, ototoxicity, and nephrotoxicity was comparable between the two groups (P > 0.05). The survival rates of patients in the study group were 88% and 54% at 1 and 2 years after treatment, which were significantly higher than that of 68% and 32% in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion. The clinical efficiency of bevacizumab and gemcitabine combined with cisplatin in the treatment of esophageal cancer is remarkable, which improves the survival of patients, and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Protecting Location Privacy in IoT Wireless Sensor Networks through Addresses Anonymity
Authors: Zhang Qiong , Zhang Kewang
Published: April 2022

Location privacy is very important for event-triggered type of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) applications such as tracking and monitoring of wild animals. Most of the security schemes for WSNs are designed to provide protection for content privacy. Contextual privacy such as node identity anonymity has received much less attention. The adversary can fully explore such contextual information to disclose the location of critical components such as source nodes or base station. Most existing schemes provide location privacy at network layer. As no measures are taken to provide node identity anonymity at data link layer, the adversary can launch traffic analysis attacks to jeopardize location privacy. In this paper, a scheme named HASHA is proposed to defend against traffic analysis attacks through hashed one-time addresses. Hashed results of payload are used to create dynamic one-time MAC addresses between the communication pairs. Because of inevitable wireless frame errors, it is impossible for adversaries to track dynamic addresses. Therefore, HASHA can provide strong node identity anonymity, which makes traffic analysis attacks much more difficult and provides better location privacy. Simulations and analysis results show that HASHA can provide better location privacy with limited communication overheads, which is particularly suitable for resource-limited WSNs.
Research on Prediction of News Public Opinion Guiding Power Based on Neural Network
Authors: Chen Shan , Li Guang
Published: April 2022

The development of big data technology and the popularity of we-media platforms make the prediction of news public opinion more complicated, which means that the complexity and dynamic nature of news public opinion require higher accuracy of prediction. With the rapid popularization of we media technology, traditional single-model algorithm is difficult to effectively predict network public opinion under the current background. Therefore, this paper proposes an algorithm based IGA-RBF neural network to deal with the complicated news public opinion prediction. Firstly, the ARMA (autoregressive moving average model) prediction model is constructed and the BRF neural network is combined. Then IGA is introduced to optimize BRF neural network, and the column vector of output matrix of hidden layer is optimized globally. The algorithm uses k-means clustering to select parameters in RBF network. The experimental results demonstrate that the model algorithm makes up for the shortcomings of the single prediction algorithm, improves the accuracy of prediction, and has better prediction results of public opinion trends.
Analysis of Network Public Opinion in New Media Based on BP Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Yang Shi
Published: April 2022

With the rapid development of Internet technology, new media is more and more favored by people and has become an important medium to control online public opinion. Social public opinion caused by new media is also more and more concerned by all walks of life. New media has the characteristics of fast information dissemination, wide dissemination range, and strong arbitrariness of news release. Positive online public voice or negative online public voice will have a very different impact on people’s lives. Some negative online public voice may even constitute a social crisis and seriously affect social public security. In order to analyze and predict the development trend of new media network public opinion, this paper presents a design of improved BP neural network model based on genetic algorithm, which is used to analyze public opinion in new media network. Experimental results show that this way has stronger processing ability and higher warning accuracy for online public opinion event index data. It can provide certain theoretical basis and data support for relevant departments to effectively prevent and manage new media network public opinion events.
Research on Influencing Factors and Early Warning of University Finance Based on Decision Tree Model
Authors: Jiang Meijuan
Published: April 2022

The level and quality of financial management work are directly related to the progress of the work of the university in all aspects, and it is related to the normal operation of the overall mechanism of the university. With the fast development of Chinese universities, the Chinese government has increasingly relaxed its laws, allowing universities to exercise greater autonomy. However, there are many issues in financial management. Therefore, it is critical to solve the problems in the financial management of universities. In this study, the financial survey data of 56 colleges and universities are collected and, based on the detailed analysis of the development and financial situation of these colleges and universities, we summarize and analyze the financial situation of these colleges and universities. Moreover, a decision tree-based early warning system is constructed for early prediction of financial risk of colleges and universities. Finally, in light of the highlighted elements affecting college and university financial management, appropriate countermeasures and solutions are offered from both an external and internal perspective.
Computer Modeling of Visual Model of Animation Color Information Based on Augmented Reality Technology
Authors: Jin Hu , Zheng Rong
Published: April 2022

With the rapid development of computers, its application fields have also begun to spread to all walks of life, and the modeling of information visualization models for animation colors has also begun to spread. This paper was aimed at studying the computer modeling of the visual model of animation color information. To this end, this article proposes an optimization of the collection of animation colors based on augmented reality technology and image recognition technology to make the collected data more accurate. It provides accurate color information to the computer, making the color information of animation more visible. To this end, experiments and analysis are also designed to conduct a comprehensive analysis and performance exploration. The experimental results in this paper show that the improved visualization of the animation color information visualization model has increased by 27.4%, which effectively solves the current problems faced by computer modeling.
Influence of Fetuin-A on Chlamydia muridarum Pulmonary Infection
Authors: Mahjabeen Faria , Yu Jieh-Juen , Chambers James P. , Gupta Rishein , Arulanandam Bernard P.
Published: April 2022

Fetuin-A is an acute phase glycoprotein shown to counter in a regulatory manner proinflammatory cytokine production to maintain homeostasis during inflammation. We report here that in wild-type mice 12 days after Chlamydia muridarum (Cm) intranasal challenge, fetuin-A content in the lungs decreased 46%, while INF-γ increased 44%, consistent with a negative regulatory role of fetuin-A in inflammation. Importantly, the observed increased IFN-γ production was abrogated in fetuin-A-deficient AHSG mice suggesting that IFN-γ induction following Cm infection is fetuin-A dependent. Assessment of expression of genes associated with inflammation revealed fetuin-A-dependent upregulation of TBX21 (a Th1 cell-specific transcription factor) in the lungs of Cm-infected WT mice that correlated with IFN-γ induction. Additionally, the effect of fetuin-A deficiency in mounting an adaptive immune response to Cm infection was demonstrated using a splenocyte recall assay. Although preliminary in nature, these findings are suggestive of fetuin-A involvement following Cm pulmonary infection and underscores the need to investigate further the role of fetuin-A in the immune response and the consequences of its gene deletion.
Construction of Digital Virtual Cultural and Creative Product Design Model Based on Partial Differential Color Feature Extraction
Authors: Zhang Lei , Ou Yafei
Published: April 2022

The digital virtual design model in the field of cultural and creative product design has attracted much attention of researchers due to its high adaptability. The traditional cultural and creative product design method has poor color feature interpolation effect, so algorithm improvement is urgently needed. Based on the theory of partial differential color feature extraction, this article proposes an improved design method for segmenting digital virtual cultural and creative products and introduces a color feature item on the basis of the original model. The improved partial differential algorithm can not only solve the re-initialization problem in the process of feature evolution, but also adopt a more flexible initialization method (the level set partial differential function can be loosely defined as the signed distance partial differential function). The simulation results show that the partial differential color feature extraction algorithm has a good performance in determining the target area of the product, the target segmentation rate reaches 91.7%, and the calculation speed of the algorithm is increased to 0.216s, which effectively improves the color feature interpolation effect of cultural and creative products by bringing results closer to the digital virtual trend.
An Evolution Model of Fintech Supports Technology‐Based SMEs Innovation and Growth
Authors: Zhuang Lei , Zhou Han , Chen Tingqiang
Published: April 2022

The survival and growth of technology‐based small and medium‐sized enterprises are faced with a complex and changeable market environment. Introducing the role of fintech, the paper builds an evolutionary model for growth of technology‐based SMEs and analyzes fintech incentive mechanisms to guide corporate growth strategies based on some cases by the simulation. The research results show that the evolutionary game strategy that SMEs are willing to adopt is {cooperation, cooperation}. And, under the incentive mechanism of fintech, the evolutionary game strategy adopted by SMEs and fintech institutions is {cooperation, cooperation, participation}. In the growth of fintech institutions serving technology‐based SMEs, the selection strategy of SMEs is more sensitive to changes in fintech institutions’ willingness to participate in cooperation, cooperation costs, and cooperation benefits. The selection strategy of fintech institutions is more affected by changes in cooperation costs and incentive funds during the process of participating in cooperation.
Modeling the Combined Effect of Hepatitis B Infection and Heavy Alcohol Consumption on the Progression Dynamics of Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Dano Lemesa Bedjisa , Rao Koya Purnachandra , Keno Temesgen Duressa
Published: April 2022

Liver cirrhosis is the liver scarring in human body which causes the liver organ failure to function its regular activities effectively and normally. In this paper, we proposed and analyzed the combined effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and heavy alcohol consumption on the progression dynamics of liver cirrhosis. In order to study the progression dynamics of cirrhosis and to describe the effect of alcohol intake variation on a chronic hepatitis B patients a deterministic model and a logistic function are considered, respectively. The detailed proof of the positivity, boundedness, and biological feasibility of the proposed model is presented. The disease endemic equilibrium point and the existence of bifurcation were investigated in detail. We established and proved the existence theorems for forward and backward bifurcations, respectively. Finally, we performed large scale numerical simulations to verify the analytic work and the result of the numerical simulations reveal that heavy alcohol consumption significantly accelerates the progression of liver cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B infected individuals.
Maresin 1 Alleviates Diabetic Kidney Disease via LGR6-Mediated cAMP-SOD2-ROS Pathway
Authors: Li Xinyue , Xu Butuo , Wu Jing , Pu Yueli , Wan Shengrong , Zeng Yan , Wang Mei , Luo Lifang , Zhang Fanjie , Jiang Zongzhe , Xu Yong
Published: April 2022

Background. Chronic hyperglycemia-induced inflammation is recognized as the most important pathophysiological process in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). As maresin 1 (MaR1) is an extensive anti-inflammatory lipid mediator, the present study investigated the protective role of MaR1 in the pathogenesis of DKD and its clinical relevance. Methods. Serum MaR1 concentrations were analyzed in 104 subjects with normal glucose tolerant, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), or DKD. Streptozotocin (STZ) together with high fat diet was used to induce male C57BL/6 J mice into diabetic mice which were treated with MaR1. Human renal tubule epithelial cells (HK-2 cells) were treated by high glucose for glucotoxicity cell model and transfected with LGR6 siRNA for knockdown with MaR1 added，and detected oxidative stress and inflammatory related factors. Results. Serum MaR1 concentrations were significant decreased in T2DM with or without kidney disease compared with normal participant and were lowest in patients with DKD. Serum MaR1 concentrations were negatively correlated with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), duration of diabetes, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), neutrophil, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and were positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In mouse model, MaR1 injection alleviated hyperglycemia, UACR and the pathological progression of DKD. Interestingly, the renal expression of LGR6 was down-regulated in DKD and high glucose treated HK-2 cells but up-regulated by MaR1 treatment. Mechanistically, MaR1 alleviated inflammation via LGR6-mediated cAMP-SOD2 antioxidant pathway in DKD mice and high glucose treated HK-2 cells. Conclusions. Our study demonstrates that decreased serum MaR1 levels were correlated with the development of DKD. MaR1 could alleviate DKD and glucotoxicity-induced inflammation via LGR6-mediated cAMP-SOD2 antioxidant pathway. Thus, our present findings identify MaR1 as a predictor and a potential therapeutic target for DKD.
Technical Design and Economic Investigations for Reducing CO2 Emission considering Environmental Protection Agency Standards by Employing an Optimum Grid-Connected PV/Battery System
Authors: Fard Habib Forootan , Alavi Morteza Fahim , Sharabaty Hassan , Ahmadzadeh Milad , Mahariq Ibrahim
Published: April 2022

Pollutant emission is one of the most important problems the world faces. Using sustainable energies is among the best solutions which can be employed to reduce CO2 and other pollutants as in Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards. In this study, a case study region located in the south of Iran, including 100 households, is studied to find practical methods of investment to partially replace the required energy by renewables where the total emission is confined to the EPA standards. The solar irradiant of the region is 5.36 kWh/m2/day which causes high energy consumption (3000 kWh/day). If the government invests $495705, which is equal to the social penalty that has to be paid for emissions in 20 years, a 230 kW PV with a vertical tracker can be implemented to reduce 36% of the total emission that will be produced through the current system. The payback period for the proposed system will be around 11 years. Using an optimized hybrid system instead of a system without any renewables modeled in HOMER software in which the initial capital is limited reduces the cost of energy (COE) and the total net present cost (NPC) by 16% and 11%, respectively. The COE and NPC for the current system without any renewables are 0.121 ($/kWh) and 2.28 M ($), respectively. Although the acceptable Renewable Fraction (RF) is about 55%, using 38.5% RF can significantly fulfill the EPA standards and consider the plan's economic and executional conditions.
A Novel Identity-Based Mutual Authentication Scheme for Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Di Chaofan , Wu Wanqing
Published: April 2022

The vehicle ad hoc network (VANET) is an emerging industry that deeply integrates a new generation of network communication technology with automotive and road transportation. As the basic nodes of VANETs, vehicles can communicate and share information with other peer vehicles. However, with the rapid development of the industry, the security risks of VANETs, especially the problem of privacy leakage, have become increasingly prominent. To solve this problem, we propose a novel identity-based mutual authentication scheme (IBMA) for vehicle ad hoc networks. In this scheme, we adopt identity-based cryptography (IBC) to generate keys, which reduces the storage burden of the central authority and eliminates the need to rely on the certificate to distribute the public key. Meanwhile, the key escrow issue can be solved, which is a common problem in IBC. Then, the scheme adjusts central authority to semihonest and realizes unconditional privacy protection. In addition, our scheme achieves complete anonymity, which can prevent any other entities such as peer vehicles and central authorities from tracking vehicles. Finally, our scheme provides efficient traceability while protecting vehicle privacy. Security analysis shows that the proposed scheme satisfies a variety of security requirements such as anonymity, reliability, and nonrepudiation. Performance analysis demonstrates that our proposed scheme is efficient and requires less communication and storage cost compared with related schemes.