bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Examination of the Complex Pharmacological Properties of the Non-Selective Opioid Receptor Modulator Buprenorphine
Authors: Pande Leana , Piper Brian
Published: November 2020

Buprenorphine, an analogue of thebaine, is a Schedule III opioid in the United States used for opioid-use disorder and as an analgesic. Research has shown drugs like buprenorphine have a complicated pharmacology with characteristics that challenge traditional definitions of terms like agonist, antagonist, and efficacy. Buprenorphine has a high affinity for the mu (MOR), delta (DOR), kappa (KOR), and intermediate for the nociceptin opioid receptors (NOR). Buprenorphine is generally described as a partial MOR agonist with limited activity and decreased response at the mu-receptor relative to full agonists. In opioid naïve patients, the drug’s analgesic efficacy is equivalent to a full MOR agonist, despite decreased receptor occupancy and the “ceiling effect” produced from larger doses. Some argue buprenorphine’s effects depend on the endpoint measured, as it functions as a partial agonist for respiratory depression, but a full-agonist for pain. Buprenorphine’s active metabolite, norbuprenorphine, attenuates buprenorphine's analgesic effects due to NOR binding and respiratory depressant effects. The method of administration impacts efficacy and tolerance when administered for analgesia. There have been eleven-thousand reports involving buprenorphine and minors (age < 19) to US poison control centers, the preponderance (89.2%) with children. The consequences of prenatal buprenorphine exposure in experimental animals and humans should continue to be carefully evaluated. In conclusion, buprenorphine’s characterization as only a partial mu-agonist is an oversimplification. Contemporary research shows the traditional explanation of the pharmacology of buprenorphine does not take into account changes to receptor theory, pharmacological terminology, route of administration, and biologically active major metabolites.
PEMBERDAYAAN PERTANIAN DAN KERAJINAN BATIK DI DESA DONOWARIH KECAMATAN KARANGPLOSO KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Saputro Waridi Hendro , Sudibyo Sudibyo
Published: November 2020

Desa Donowarih Kecamatan Karangploso Kabupaten Malang terletak di bawah bukit Arjuna. Desa ini merupakan daerah pertanian yang subur dengan tanaman utama palawija, sayur-mayur, buah-buahan dan  bunga hias. Pada umumnya pekerjaan di ladang dilakukan oleh para bapak, sedangkan ibu membantu pekerjaan suami. Kehidupan mereka sehar-hari bekerja secara rutinitas sebagai petani, sehingga ketika waktu luang tidak ada sambilan pekerjaan. Mengingat banyaknya waktu luang bagi ibu-ibu maka dipandang perlu adanya peningkatan potensi lingkungan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dan kemampuannya. Keterampilan yang dimaksud adalah pemberdayaan batik tulis yang sudah ada di masyarakat  secara terbatas, yakni di Dusun Supiturang dan ketika itu masih serba terbatas keberadaannya. Prakarsa pertama adalah ibu kepala dusun dan kemudian dikembangkan ke tingkat desa dengan motif yang cukup khas. Model peningkatan batik tulis ini terutama dilakukan oleh ibu-ibu PKK dan selanjutnya diikuti oleh ibu-ibu yang lain. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pada awalnya dilakukan secara bergantian sesuai kesepakatan mereka. Seterusnya dapat dilakukan di rumah masing-masing sesuai dengan waktu  yang tersedia. Setelah  pembuatan batik tulis selesai, dikumpulkan ke ketua kelompok untuk diproses lebih lanjut. Hasilnya cukup menggembirakan karena ibu-ibu tersebut dapat melakukannya dengan bangga dan senang hati bisa melakukan pembuatan batik tulis.
Брадикинин-зависимый ангионевротический отек в патогенезе COVID-19 и возможные принципы лечения
Authors: Аветисян Алла
Published: November 2020

Предполагается, что SARS-CoV-2, используя АПФ2, приводит к избыточному накоплению брадикинина, что вызывает ангионевротический отек, который может быть быстро купирован известными препаратами.
Aprotinin is a potent multi-target drug for the combination therapy of moderate COVID-19 cases
Authors: Ivashchenko Andrey , Azarova Valeria , Egorova Alina , Karapetian Ruben , Kravchenko Dmitry , Krivonos Natalia , Loginov Vladimir , Poyarkov Stanislav , Merkulova Elena , Rosinkova Olga , Savchuk Nikolay , Topr Mikhail , Simakina Elena , Yakubova Elena , Ivachtchenko Alexandre
Published: November 2020

Objectives. COVID-19 is a contagious multisystem inflammatory disease caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We have studied the efficacy of Aprotinin (nonspeciﬁc serine proteases inhibitor) and Avifavir or Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) combinations for the therapy of COVID-19.

Methods. Three prospective single-center (cohorts 1 – 3) studies included participants with moderate COVID-19-related pneumonia, laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 and admitted to the hospitals. Patients received combinations of intravenous (IV) Aprotinin (1,000,000 KIU daily, 3 days) and HCQ (cohort 1), inhalation (inh) treatment with Aprotinin (625 KIU 4 times per day, 5 days) and HCQ (cohort 2) or IV Aprotinin (1,000,000 KIU daily for 5 days) and Avifavir (cohort 3).

Results. In the cohorts 1 – 3, the combination therapy showed 100% efficacy in preventing the transfer of patients (n = 30) to the intensive care unit (ICU). The effect of combination therapy in the cohort 3 was the most prominent and the median time to SARS-CoV-2 elimination was 3.5 days (IQR 3.0 – 4.0), normalization of CRP concentration was 3.5 days (IQR 3 – 5), of D-dimer concentration - 5 days (IQR 4 – 5); body temperature - 1 day (IQR 1 – 3), improvement in clinical status or discharge from the hospital - 5 days (IQR 5 – 5), and improvement in lung lesions of patients on 14 day - 100%.

Conclusions. The administration of Aprotinin combinations prevented the transfer of moderate COVID-19 patients to the ICU for mechanical ventilation (ALV) or non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and by shortening of their hospital stay.
A general model for growth trajectories of linear carbonate platforms
Authors: Goudemand Nicolas , Singh Pulkit , Payne Jonathan L.
Published: November 2020

A key challenge regarding development of carbonate platforms is predicting the temporal pattern of platform-margin progradation, aggradation, retrogradation, and drowning. Numerical forward models of carbonate sedimentation have been widely applied to this problem, shedding substantial light on the roles of sediment production, transport, tectonic subsidence, and eustasy on the evolution of carbonate platforms. However, forward models are typically complex and computationally expensive, preventing comprehensive exploration of parameter space. In addition, the interactions among parameters are often nonlinear, preventing the development of simple expressions relating the position of the platform margin to the governing parameters of the model. To complement the considerable insights derived from numerical forward models, this study presents analytical expressions for the temporal evolution of the position of platform margins using the simplest possible assumptions regarding sediment production and transport. These expressions provide useful null models, deviations from which can be used to identify the particular effects of biology or seawater chemistry on carbonate factories in influencing the development of these important sedimentary deposits. Application of the model to synthetic and outcrop examples demonstrates that these simple equations are useful for parameter estimation that can then be used to guide more detailed, process-based numerical forward models.
Analisys and Implementation Cloud-based Biometricauthentication in Mobile Platform
Authors: Ximenes Agostinho Marques , Sukaridhoto Sritrusta , Sudarsono Amang , Basri Hasan
Published: November 2020

Based on the Indonesian Central of Statistics the level of poverty people in September 2018 was 25.95 million, based on data, the government allocation care fund the reduce poverty people, the fund are given through the bank. However, banks cannot allocation funds because the cost for build infrastructure is expensive, such as making an ATM. about that, the banks need to find a new solution to allocation care fund to the poverty people, Mobile Platform Biometric Cloud Authentication is one  solution. In this study, the experimentationn of the biometric face recognized( face data  enrypt and decript by algoritma AES 256 bit) to secure online payment mobile application based on the QR Code scan and face recognition[8,10]. The concentration of this study lies in the experimentationn of biometric face recognize and QR Code scan on biometric payment based face recognition and QR Code scan mobile applications that play a role in data communication security. The test results on this mobile application show that scanning a QR Code and biometric face recognize can be implemented at an online merchant transaction with an accuracy of 95% and takes 53, 21 seconds in transactions.

Keyword: biometric, cloud server, Cryptography, QR Code.
Strategi Pembelajaran Outing Class Guna Meningkatkan Aspek Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Rahmawati Rizka Lailatul , Nazarullail Fikri
Published: November 2020

Pembelajaran merupakan suatu hal penting yang dilakukan dalam sebuah proses pendidikan. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan strategi pembelajaran yang tepat. Adapun strategi pembelajaran yang dapat dilakukan adalah melalui kegiatan outing class. Kegiatan outing class juga dapat membantu meningkatkan aspek perkembangan anak karena salah satu tujuan strategi pembelajaran anak usia dini adalah meningkatkan aspek perkembangan anak. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam artikel ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh dan hasil pembelajaran pada anak usia dini melalui kegiatan outing class. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah menggunakan gagasan berpikir atau artikel ini merupakan karya ilmiah yang termasuk non penelitian, sehingga di dalamnya merupakan gagasan berpikir yang terorganisir dan sistematik. Hasil dari gagasan berfikir ini adalah strategi pembelajaran outing class dapat membantu dalam menumbuhkan minat belajar pada anak. Pada era new normal, strategi ini cocok di terapkan di dalam pembelajaran karena dapat menghilangkan kejenuhan belajar pada anak anak selama masa pandemi covid-19 dengan syarat peserta didik wajib untuk tetap mematuhi protokol kesehatan.
Development of Rock Compressibility Relationships for Middle Eastern Carbonate and Sandstone Reservoirs
Authors: Ashena Rahman , Behrenbruch Peter
Published: November 2020

Rock compressibility is an important physical property of reservoir rocks, which is required for many reservoir engineering and geomechanics calculations. In case of unavailability of lab measurements, empirical correlations are used by the industry. This work is aimed to provide new relationships of rock compressibility versus porosity based on measured compressibility data for carbonate and sandstone formations for the Middle East.

Laboratory results were compared with several empirical correlations from the literature. Comparisons were made using statistical parameters and error functions. In order to find suitable compressibility relationships, coefficients for the following existing correlations were modified: Hall (1953), Newman (1973) and Horne (1990). Final relationships demonstrated optimal fitting based on error statistics. New rock compressibility correlations were derived for both, limestone and sandstone.

Results show that measured data for carbonates showed rather good agreement with tested literature correlations. However, measured data for sandstones showed poor agreement with literature correlations. The optimized Horne correlation gave the best match with measured data, with R2 = 0.692, and the minimum MSE. The optimized Horne correlation for sandstones also gave the best match with measured data, R2 = 0.726, and the minimum MSE. However, from a statistical significance point of view any of the tested industry correlations may be successfully tuned to the measured data.
Level and timing of Implanon discontinuation and associated factors among women who used Implanon in Andabet District, public health facilities, North-West Ethiopia
Authors: Dagnew Gizachew Worku , Asresie Melash Belachew
Published: November 2020

Background: Implanon discontinuation is unacceptably high in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Furthermore, there is an observed problem of high unintended pregnancy after method discontinuation that stride to program failure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the level and determinants of Implanon discontinuation among women who used Implanon in Andabet district, public health facilities, North-West Ethiopia, 2017.Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 537 women from Feb.03 to April 28, 2017. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. A face-to-face interview was employed to collect data. Epi Info- version-7 was used for data entry and SPSS version 20 for analysis. Both descriptive and analytical statistical analysis was computed. On multi-variable binary logistics regression, a p-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.Results: About 37% of Implanon users have discontinued the method before the intended time. Of about 86% of them were discontinued Implanon before two years of insertion. Women who had no live child [AOR=2.17,95%CI:1.25-3.77], women who didn’t receive pre-insertion counseling [AOR=1.85,95%CI:1.15-2.97], women who developed Implanon related side effect [AOR=5.17,95%CI:3.18-8.40], and women who did not satisfy by the service provided [AOR=5.40,95%CI:3.04-9.57] had higher odds of Implanon discontinuation. On the other hand, women who received appointment follow-up [AOR=0.23,95%CI:0.13-0.41] had lower odds of Implanon discontinuation.Conclusions: The level of Implanon discontinuation before its intended time was high in the district. Hence, strengthening pre-insertion counseling and appointment follow-up as well as improving the client’s level of service satisfaction may increase Implanon continuation.
MSRD: Multimodal Web Rumor Detection Method
Authors: Liu Jinshuo , Feng Kuo , Pan Jeff Z , Deng Juan , Wang Lina
Published: November 2020

Multimodal web rumors, which combine images and text, are confusing and can be inflammatory, and therefore can be harmful to national security and social stability. Currently, web rumor detection fully considers text content but ignores image content, including text embedded in images. This paper proposes a multimodal web rumor detection method based on a deep neural network considering images, image-embedded text, and text content. This method uses a VGG-19 network to extract image content features, DenseNet to extract embedded text content, and an LSTM (Long Short-term Memory) network to extract text content features. After concatenation with image features, the mean and variance vectors of the image and text shared representations are obtained through a completely connected layer, and random variables sampled from a Gaussian distribution are used to form a reparameterized multimodal feature as the input of the rumor detector. Experiments show that the accuracy of this method is 68.5% and 79.4% on Twitter and Weibo, respectively.
The Classification of Public Complaints through Smart City Application
Authors: Madyatmadja Evaristus Didik , Wijaya Cristofer
Published: November 2020

This research aimed to classify the data of public complaints of people in Tangerang City by applying a pattern of the complaint data from the LAKSA application that has been categorized. In finding the pattern, it used one of the data mining methods, namely classification. The classification algorithm search process was performed by comparing the accuracy of several selected algorithms. The algorithms were k-nearest neighbor, random forest, support vector machine, and AdaBoost. These algorithms were tested to achieve maximum potential. Thus, the results showed support vector machine with linear kernel is a classification algorithm with the highest accuracy that reached 89.2%
The lateral periaqueductal gray and its role in controlling predatory hunting and social defense.
Authors: Marín-Blasco Ignacio , Rangel Miguel , Baldo Marcus , Motta Simone , Stowers Lisa , Canteras Newton
Published: November 2020

Evasion from imminent threats and prey attack are opposite behavioral choices critical to survival. The lateral periaqueductal gray (LPAG) is a key player in these behaviors, it responds to social threats and prey hunting while also driving predatory attacks and active defense. Our results revealed that distinct neuronal populations in the LPAG drive prey hunting and evasion from social threats. We show that the LPAG provides a putative glutamatergic projection to the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). LPAG > LHA pathway optogenetic inhibition impaired insect predation but did not alter escape/attack ratio during social defeat. The results suggest that the LPAG control over evasion to a social attack may be regarded as a stereotyped response depending probably on descending projections. Conversely, the LPAG control over predatory behavior involves an ascending pathway to the LHA that likely influences LHAGABA neurons driving predatory hunting and may provide an emotional drive for appetitive rewards.
The Relationship Between Modified Nordic Diet and Resting Metabolic Rate Among Overweight and Obese Participants: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Khalili Ghazaleh , Mirzababaei Atieh , Shiraseb Farideh , Mirzaei Khadijeh -
Published: November 2020

Objective: Obesity as a worldwide phenomenon is a multifactorial condition. Healthy diets have effect on obesity related factors like resting metabolic rate (RMR). In present study, we investigate association between adherence to modified Nordic diet and RMR among overweight and obese participants.Methods: We enrolled 404 overweight and obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) women aged 18-48 years in this cross-sectional study. For each participant anthropometrics measurements, biochemical tests and blood pressure were evaluated. RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry. RMR/kg was also measured. Modified Nordic diet score was measured using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).Results: Among all participants, the mean and standard deviation (SD) for age and body mass index (BMI) were 36.67 years (SD=9.10) and 31.26 kg/m2 (SD=4.29). There was a significant association between RMR/kg status and age, body mass index (BMI), RMR (P<0.001), respiratory quotient (RQ), fat percentage (P= 0.01), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P= 0.03), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P= 0.04), after adjustment for age, BMI, energy intake and physical activity. Participants with the highest adherence to modified Nordic diet had lower odds of hypometabolic status after adjusting for confounders and it was significant (odds ratio (OR) = 3.15, 95% CI= 0.97-10.15, P=0.05).Conclusions: The present results indicate that adherence to modified Nordic diet is associated with lower odds of hypometabolic status in overweight and obese women. However more studies are needed to confirm our findings.Trial registration: This article was not a trial research.
Gut microbiome alterations predict diabetic kidney disease in general population
Authors: Zhao Zhanzheng , Zhang Weifeng , Guo Ruixue , Cui Wen , Zhang Fanliang , Geng Yingyang , Liu Chao , Shang Jin , Xiao Jing , Wen Xuejun
Published: November 2020

Background

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is increasingly prevalent owing to worldwide epidemic of diabetes mellitus (DM). The relationship between gut microbiome and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has attached wide attention during recent years. While the role of gut microbiome in diagnosis of DKD remains unclear.
Methods

We collected fecal samples of 180 patients with DKD and 179 healthy controls (Con) and characterized microbial profile using 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach. Microbial communities between the two groups were compared by Wilcoxon test. Two microbial models were identified by cross-validation preformed on random forest analysis. Diagnostic value of the two models was assessed in the training set including 118 DKDs and 132 healthy controls and validated in testing set composed of 62 DKDs and 47 healthy controls. PICRUSt was exploited to compare the potential metabolic function of microbiota between two groups.
Results

Compared with healthy controls, bacterial diversity in DKDs was decreased. Beta diversity showed markedly separating distribution between DKDs and Con groups. At the phylum level, DKD patients showed higher proportion of Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and lower proportion of Bacteroidetes. In more details at the genus level, increase of opportunistic pathogens (including Escherichia-Shigella, Klebsiella, Enterococcus, Erysipelotrichaceae_incertae_sedis, Peptostreptococcaceae_incertae_sedis, Streptococcus) and mucin-degrading bacteria (including Akkermansia, Lactobacillus),as well as reduction of bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as Blautia༌Faecalibacterium were also observed in DKDs. The optimal prediction model consisting of 5 OTUs could distinguish DKD from healthy controls with an area under the ROC curve of 83.71% in training set and 81.56% in testing set, while another 22 OTUs couldn’t significantly improve diagnostic efficiency. Genomic metabolism associated with lipid and aromatic amino acids was over-expressed in DKD vs. Con.
Conclusion

Gut microbiome was altered in DKD patients. Our study suggested that gut microbiome may provide a potential tool for DKD diagnosis, especially those who could not accept or afford renal biopsy.
Abnormal Anther Development Leads to Lower Spikelet Fertility in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Under High Temperature During the Panicle Initiation Stage
Authors: Hu Qiuqian , Cui Kehui , Wang Wencheng , Lu Qifan , Huang Jianliang , Peng Shaobing
Published: November 2020

Background: Decreased spikelet fertility is often responsible for reduction in grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, two varieties with different levels of heat tolerance, Liangyoupeijiu (LYPJ, heat susceptible) and Shanyou63 (SY63, heat tolerant) were subjected to two temperature treatments for 28 days during the panicle initiation stage in temperature/relative humidity-controlled greenhouses: high temperature (HT; 37/27℃; day/night) and control temperature (CK; 31/27℃; day/night) to investigate changes in anther development under HT during panicle initiation and their relationship with spikelet fertility.Results: HT significantly decreased the grain yield of LYPJ by decreasing the number of spikelets per panicle and seed setting percentage. In addition, HT produced minor adverse effects in SY63. The decreased spikelet fertility was primarily attributed to decreased pollen viability and anther dehiscence, as well as poor pollen shedding of the anthers of LYPJ under HT. HT resulted in abnormal anther development (fewer vacuolated microspores, un-degraded tapetum, unevenly distributed Ubisch bodies) and malformation of pollen (obscure outline of the pollen exine with a collapsed bacula, disordered tectum, and no nexine of the pollen walls, uneven sporopollenin deposition on the surface of pollen grains) in LYPJ, which may have lowered pollen viability. Additionally, HT produced a compact knitted anther cuticle structure of the epidermis, an un-degraded septum, a thickened anther wall, unevenly distributed Ubisch bodies, and inhibition of the confluent locule, and these malformed structures may be partially responsible for the decreased anther dehiscence rate and reduced pollen shedding of the anthers in LYPJ. In contrast, the anther wall and pollen development of SY63 were not substantially changed under HT. Conclusions: Our results suggest that disturbed anther walls and pollen development are responsible for the reduced spikelet fertility and grain yield of the tested heat susceptible variety, and noninvasive anthers and pollen formation in response to HT were associated with improved heat tolerance.
The Motor Neuron Disease Mouse Model hSOD1-G93A Presents a Non-canonical Profile of Senescence Biomarkers in The Spinal Cord
Authors: Torres Pascual , Anerillas Carlos , Encinas Mario , Povedano Monica , Andrés-Benito Pol , Ferrer Isidro , Ayala Victòria , Pamplona Reinald , Portero-Otin Manuel
Published: November 2020

Recent evidence demonstrates a pathological role for senescent cells in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. The present study aimed to show senescence mechanisms including senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in the familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) transgenic mouse model hSOD1-G93A. We evaluated, as senescence biomarkers, the expression of p16 and p21 with reverse-transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), immunofluorescence (IF), and immunohistochemistry (IHC), as well as the senescence-associated β galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity in the lumbar spinal cords (LSC) of this model. As SASP markers, we quantified the mRNA levels of Il1a, Il6, Ifna, and Ifnb. Furthermore, we explored if an alteration of alternative splicing is associated with senescence phenomena in this model. Thus, we quantified the Adipor2 cryptic exon inclusion levels, a specific splicing variant repressed by TAR-DNA binding of 43 kDa (TDP-43), using RT-qPCR. Our results show an atypical senescence-profile in LSC from transgenic mice, increasing p16 and p21 mRNA and protein levels in glial cells with a mostly cytoplasmic pattern, without the canonical increase in SA-beta-gal activity in these cells. Consistent with enhanced SASP, there is an increase in Il1a and Il6 expression. Also, TDP-43 splicing activity is compromised in this ALS model, in a direct relationship with the increase in p16 expression. However, senolytic drug Navitoclax -with reported benefits in Alzheimer and Parkinson disease mouse models - does not alter the present model’s disease progression. Navitoclax neither eliminates cells expressing senescence and nor represses the expression of SASP related genes. Globally, our findings support the existence of a non-canonical profile of senescence biomarkers in the LSC of the ALS model hSOD1-G93A.
Full neuroendoscopic contralateral longitudinal fissure approach to resection of parafalcine meningioma via falx cerebri – Retractorless surgical technique: a case report
Authors: Hu Changchen , Liu Jiangtao , Ji Hongming , Zhang Gangli , Chen Shengli , Zhang Shiyuan , Wang Kaixuan
Published: November 2020

Background: Parafalcine meningioma often invades into contralateral hemisphere, and sometimes it can develop to both sides. An ipsilateral craniotomy is generally performed for the surgical resection of parafalcine meningioma.Case report: Here, we report that a 50-year-old female with a right anterior cerebral parafalcine meningioma. The patient was in supine position and the head was rotated 20 degrees to the opposite side. A neuronavigation was employed to perform a precise surface localization of parafalcine meningioma. Under neuroendoscopy, a contralateral craniotomy and a longitudinal fissure approach were followed by an incision of dura to expose arachnoid, then arachnoid was separated until falx cerebri along its surface. Neuronavigation was employed again to precisely locate the projection of meningioma in the contralateral falx cerebri. According to the position, firstly removed the invaded falx cerebri, blocked the blood supply of the meningioma, then completely resected the meningioma without retraction of normal brain tissue.Conclusion: We conclude that full neuroendoscopic contralateral longitudinal fissure approach to complete resect parafalcine meningioma via falx cerebri using retractorless surgical technique can reduce the retraction of normal brain tissue to enhance protection of brain function, while maximizing the total resection rate of parafalcine meningioma.
A Quality Analysis Of Low Back Pain Videos On Youtube
Authors: Özbek Muhammet Arif , Baran Oguz , Evran Şevket , Kayhan Ahmet , Saygı Tahsin , Çakıcı Nazlı , Başak Ahmet Tulgar
Published: November 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Evaluation of Malaria Prevalence among Patients Attending in Bibugn district, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Tsega Anmut Assemie , Abate Getent Atenafu
Published: November 2020

Malaria is an important public health problem in Ethiopia, with more than 54 million people at risk of infection. Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax are both present. The general objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of malaria and associated parasites through microscopic examination of blood films. Cross-sectional study was carried in the study sites. The study was conducted from October to December 2017 and March to April 2018. Out of 822 study participants, 46(5.6%) were malaria positive. Of these, 28(60.87%) were P.vivax and 18(39.13%) P.falciparum. The prevalence of parasites was significantly greater in rural villages (6.25%) than urban village (3.23%) More males were infected compared to females but not significantly Plasmodium vivax was higher in prevalence than P. falciparum in the study area. So the result contrast the national figure of malaria report. The findings of this study may be useful for those who work in malaria control and prevention program.
GenoVault: A Cloud Based Genomics Repository
Authors: Jain Sankalp , Saxena Amit , Hesarur Suprit , Bhadhadhara Kirti , Bharti Neeraj , Kasibhatla Sunitha Manjari , Sonavane Uddhavesh , Joshi Rajendra
Published: November 2020

GenoVault is a cloud-based repository for handling Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) data. It is developed using OpenStack based private cloud with various services like keystone for authentication, cinder for block storage, neutron for networking and nova for managing compute instances for the Cloud. GenoVault uses object-based storage, which enables data to be stored as objects instead of files or blocks for faster retrieval from different distributed object nodes. Along with a web-based interface JavaFX-based desktop client has also been developed to meet the requirements of large file uploads ( > 5 GB) that is usually seen in NGS datasets. Users can store as many as one million files in their respective object based storage areas and the metadata provided by the user during file uploads is used for querying the database. GenoVault repository is designed taking into account future needs and hence can scale both vertically and horizontally without any need for modification in the design. Users have an option to make the data shareable to the public or restrict the access as private. Data security is ensured as every container is a separate entity in object-based storage architecture also supported by secured file transfer protocol during data upload and download. The data is uploaded by the user in their individual containers that include raw read files (fastq), processed alignment files (bam, sam, bed) and output of variation detection (vcf). GenoVault architecture allows verification of the data in terms of integrity and authentication before making it available to collaborators as per user permissions. GenoVault is useful for maintaining the organization wide NGS data generated by experiments in various labs which is not yet published and submitted to public repositories like NCBI. GenoVault also provides support to share NGS data among the collaborating institutions. GenoVault can thus manage vast volumes of NGS data on any OpenStack-based private cloud.
Area-restricted search in Magellanic Woodpeckers: importance of tree senescence, forest composition and open habitats
Authors: Vergara Pablo , Maron-Perez Francisca , Caro Diego , Soto Gerardo E , Simonetti Javier A
Published: November 2020

Background
Large woodpecker species with stable territories, specialized diets and narrow habitat choices, such as the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus), are expected to adjust their movements based on the distribution of available resources within territories. Thus, Magellanic Woodpeckers should concentrate foraging activity in areas of higher quality, a behavior consistent with the area-restricted search (ARS) behavior. Although previous studies have deepened the understanding of how Magellanic woodpeckers select habitats, the assessment of ARS behavior would contribute to the identification of feeding areas important for their conservation and habitats hindering their movement.
Methods
We addressed the independent effects of tree senescence, forest succession, stand composition and open habitats on the adoption of area-restricted search (ARS) behavior in Magellanic Woodpeckers in a heterogeneous landscape dominated by southern beech forest in southern South America. Using GPS relocations from 24 woodpeckers, we estimated the First-Passage Time (FPT), a measure of the time individuals remain in a given area, with longer FPT values indicating the adoption of an ARS behavior. We determined the effects of habitat variables on FPT using a methodological framework based on Linear Mixed Effect models and a randomization procedure intended to reduce spatial autocorrelation arising from consecutive circles whose areas tend to be overlapped along trajectories.
Results
Averaged model coefficients showed that woodpeckers spent less time in sites dominated by the Antarctic beech (Nothofagus antarctica) and partially covered by open habitats. Conversely, FPT increased in stands and home ranges where tree senescence was higher.
Conclusions
The adoption of the ARS behavior in Magellanic Woodpecker is explained by forest composition, avoidance of open habitats and tree senescence. Our results suggest the conservation of Magellanic Woodpeckers in heterogeneous landscapes involve retention of senescent trees and restoring open areas in order to reduce edge habitat.
LncRNA OGFRP1 acts as an oncogene in NSCLC via miR-4640-5p/eIF5A axis
Authors: Liu Xiaojing , Zhai Liping , Xiao Ke , Chen Wendan , Zhuang Xuewei
Published: November 2020

Background
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) OGFRP1 is up-regulated in endometrial cancer and cervical carcinoma, and OGFRP1 suppression inhibits the malignant behaviour of cancer cells. However, the role of OGFRP1 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been investigated. Here, we evaluated the expression pattern, biological function and potential mechanism of OGFRP1 in NSCLC.
Methods
We screened the siRNA (siOGFRP1) to down-regulate the expression of OGFRP1 in A549 and H1299 cells. The biological function of A549 and H1299 cells were examined by CCK8, wound healing and transwell assays. The molecular mechanism of OGFRP1 was further explored.
Results
siOGFRP1 significantly inhibited the cell proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells. In addition, the expression of EMT-related and apoptosis-related proteins was changed by siOGFRP1 transfection. MiR-4640-5p could directly bind to the 3’ UTR region of eIF5A1. Moreover, OGFRP1 bound to miR-4640-5p through the same binding site, which facilitated the expression of eIF5A1. eIF5A1 overexpression rescued cell proliferation, migration and invasion inhibition induced by OGFRP1 down-regulation and miR-4640-5p up-regulation in A549 and H1299 cells.
Conclusions
Taken together, we demonstrated that down-regulation of OGFRP1 inhibited the progression of NSCLC through miR-4640-5p/eIF5A1 axis.
Multiplex Immunohistochemistry Indicates Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhang Wen , Song Zhengji , Zhang Baoyue , Wang Jinli , Guo Qiang , Sun Zhiwei , Tang Hui
Published: November 2020

Background : Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the second in females, whose survival ratio and indicating biomarkers are limited. The rapid development of multiple immunofluorescence gives rise to widespread applications of this newly advanced technology called multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC), which makes it possible to detect several fluorescent proteins on the same tumor tissue microarray (TMA) within the same time and spatial organization. Methods : By taking advantage of this mIHC technology, we detected three tumor-associated antigens (TAA) including the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), the cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133), the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and one immune-associated macrophage marker, the cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) in cancer tissues versus para-carcinomatous normal tissues derived from a cohort of 84 CRC patients. Results: All the four markers were upregulated in cancer tissue compared with normal tissues. And the expressions of CD133, HER2, PD-L1 and CD68 were correlated with pathological grade, T stage, tumor size, metastasis, respectively. Accordingly, CD133 and PD-L1 could be applied as potential diagnostic biomarkers for CRC at early stage, while the enrichment of HER2 might act as an advanced indicator in aggressive cancer status of CRC; whereas, CD68 could be potentially considered as an advanced diagnostic indicator in CRC patients, as well as a metastatic promoter in CRC-related TME. Conclusions : The differential expression of these four proteins, as well as their clinicopathological correlation indicates that these four proteins could be utilized as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in CRC patients.
Integrated Analysis of the Functions and Prognostic Values of RNA Binding Proteins and Candidate Drugs in Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Silin , Ren Xiaohan , Liu Shouyong , Lu Zhongwen , Xu Aiming , Qin Chao , Wang Zengjun
Published: November 2020

Background: Roles of RNA binding proteins in renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) remain undiscovered. We thus conducted a series of bioinformatics analyses to elucidate the associations between RBPs and prognosis of renal papillary cell carcinoma.Methods: RNA sequencing data and clinical of KIRP were downloaded from the TCGA database. The differentially expressed RBP coding genes (DEGs) were sorted out by R software and Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were then performed to evaluate the functional pathways. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was formed through the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database and visualized by Cytoscape. Subsequently, a prognostic model was constructed by the uses of univariate Cox regression analysis, random survival forest analysis and multivariate Cox analysis. Validations of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, KM analysis of overall survival and nomogram were performed as follow. Furthermore, CMap database was used to predict potential drugs.Results: A prognostic OS-predictive model based on six RBPs (SNRPN, RRS1, INTS8, RBPMS2, IGF2BP3 and PIH1D2) was constructed. STOCK1N-28457, pyrimethamine and trapidil were determined as potential drugs according to the CMap database.Conclusion: This study constructed a prognosis-related six-RBP signature and made a prediction of three small molecular drugs, which provided a novel insight into KIRP and assisted the development of individualized therapeutic strategies.
Human Drug Efflux Transporter ABCC5 Confers Sensitivity and Acquired Resistance to Pemetrexed in Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Jihui , Wang Zhipeng , Gao Shouhong , Wu Kejin , Bai Fang , Zhang Qiqiang , Wang Hongyu , Ye Qin , Xu Fengjing , Sun Hong , Lu Yunshu , Liu Yan
Published: November 2020

AimPemetrexed, a new generation antifolate drug, is approved for the treatment for locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer, but factors affecting the efficacy and resistance of it have yet to be fully explicit. ATP-binding cassette transporters have been reported as prognostic and adverse effects predictors of many xenobiotics. This study was designed to explore whether ABC transporters affect pemetrexed resistance and may contribute to treatment regimen optimization for breast cancer.MethodsFirstly, the expression of ABC transporters family members was measured in cell lines, thereafter examined the potential role of ABC transporter in conferring resistance to pemetrexed in primary cancer cell lines isolated from 34 breast cancer patients, and then the role of ABCC5 in mediating transport of pemetrexed and apoptosis pathway in MCF-7 cell lines was assessed. Finally, the functions of ABCC5 on therapeutic effect of pemetrexed was evaluated in breast cancer bearing mice.ResultsThe expressions of ABCC2, ABCC4, ABCC5 and ABCG2 were significantly increased in pan-resistance cell lines, and the ABCC5, the most obvious one, was 5.21 times higher than that of the control group. The expression of ABCC5 was inversely correlated with sensitivity (IC50) of pemetrexed (r = 0.741; p<0.010) in breast cancer cell lines from 34 patients. Further, we found expression of ABCC5 influenced the efflux and cytotoxicity of pemetrexed in MCF-7 cell line, and the IC50 were 0.06 μg/ml and 0.20 μg/ml in ABCC5 knock-down and over-expression cells, respectively. In vivo study, we found ABCC5 affected sensitivity of pemetrexed in breast cancer bearing mice, and the tumor volume was much larger in ABCC5 over-expression group than that in control group (2.7 folds vs 1.2 folds).ConclusionsOur results indicated ABCC5 was associated with pemetrexed sensitivity and resistance in vitro and in vivo, and may be a biomarker for regimen optimization of pemetrexed in breast cancer treatment.
Knowing Cancer Diagnosis is a Protective Factor for the Survival of Patients With Breast Cancer : A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: He Chen , Zhu Wenxi , Tang Yunxiang , Bai Yonghai , Luo Zheng , Xu Jinfang , Wang Hao , Xu Shuyu , Xu Jingzhou , Xiao Lei , Zhang Ruike , Wang Yajing , Du Jing , Huang Yujia , Li Xiaopan , Su Tong
Published: November 2020

Background: The health burden of breast cancer is rising in China. The effect of informed diagnosis on long-term survival has not been fully understood. This retrospective cohort study aims at exploring the association between early informed diagnosis and survival time in breast cancer patients.Methods: 12,327 breast cancer patients were enrolled between October 2002 and December 2016. Potential factors including knowing cancer diagnosis status, gender, age, clinical-stage, surgical history, the grade of reporting hospital and diagnostic year were registered. We followed up all participants every 6 months until June 2017.Results: By June 2017, 18.04% of the participants died of breast cancer. Both the 3-year and 5-year survival rate of whom knew cancer diagnosis were longer (P<0.001). By stratified analysis, except subgroups of male patients and patients in stage III, patients knowing diagnosis showed a better prognosis in all the other subgroups (P<0.05). By Cox regression analysis, it was showed that not knowing cancer diagnosis was an independent risk factor for survival in breast cancer patients (P<0.001).Conclusions: Being aware of their cancer diagnosis plays a protective role in extending the survival time in breast cancer patients, which suggests medical staff and patients’ families disclose cancer diagnosis to patients timely.
Study on Mechanism of γ-PGA and Nattokinase Produced by Bacillus Subtilis Natto Based on RNA-Seq Analysis
Authors: Li Min , Zhang Zilong , Li Shenwei , Tian Zhengan , Ma Xia
Published: November 2020

Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) and nattokinase (NK) are the main substances produced by Bacillus subtilis natto in solid-state fermentation and have wide application prospects. We found that our strains have higher nattokinase activity when soybean is used as a substrate to improve the yield of γ-PGA. Commercial production of γ-PGA and nattokinase requires an understanding of the co-production mechanism. Here, we monitored the metabolites of the fermentation process firstly, analyzed the transcriptome of Bacillus subtilis natto when co-producing γ-PGA and NK, and obtained the maximum γ-PGA yield (11.39 ± 0.38%, w/w) and highest activity of NK during fermentation. By comparing the up-regulated genes and down-regulated genes of key enzymes and product-related metabolic pathways for genetic engineering, the co-production mechanism of γ-PGA and nattokinase can be summarized. This study firstly provides new insights into the co-production mechanism of γ-PGA and nattokinase by Bacillus subtilis natto, and reveals potential molecular targets for promoting the co-production of γ-PGA and nattokinase.
Degradation of Penicillin G by Visible Light Irradiation-Assisted Biotransformation by Whole Cell paracoccus sp .
Authors: Wang Peng , Shen Chen , Cong Qinqin , Lu Jialin , Wang Xiaochun
Published: November 2020

Background: The Paracoccus sp. strain (KDSPL-02) isolated from sludge was identified and evaluated for catalytic activity in the degradation of penicillin G. Results: High degradation efficiency and synergistic catalytic effects of the whole cell and visible light without additional catalysts were observed. The key factors influencing the degradation and kinetics of penicillin G were investigated. The results showed the phenylacetic acid, which was produced during penicillin G biodegradation, exhibited stronger inhibiting effects on KDSPL-02. However, this effect was reduced by visible light irradiation without any additional photocatalyst; furthermore, the rate of penicillin G biodegradation was accelerated, reaching a 100% rate in 12 h at a penicillin G concentration of 1.2 g/L. Four key intermediates produced during penicillin G degradation were isolated and identified by LC–MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. Enzymes involved in the PAA pathway were proposed from a genomic analysis of paracoccus sp. KDSPL-02. Conclusions:These results provide a new method for bio-degrading of penicillin or other antibiotic pollutants using photoaccelerating biocatalysts with greater efficiency and more environmentally friendly conditions.
Modulation of Gastrointestinal Bacterial in Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Model Rats by Chinese and West Medicine Intervention
Authors: Huang Minghan , Li Sihan , He Youcheng , Lin Cuili , Sun Yueming , Li Mingzhu , Zheng Rong , Xu Ruoying , Lin Ping , Ke Xiao
Published: November 2020

Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) was well-known related with multiple pathogenic factors and normally therapies comprised by western or Chinese medicines. Present study was design to identified the bacterial community characterized by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and determine the modulate affection of bacterial composition response western and Chinese medicine Qing huayin (QHY) as well as antibiotic on model rats. Result shown the overall structure alteration of bacterial appeared under medicine applied, antibiotic caused a marked depletion in bacterial diversity and richness, the enrichment of Firmicutes (85.1-90.7%) in antibiotic-free convert to Bacteroidetes (30.7-34.6%) in antibiotic-added model rat were demonstrated. Firmicutes was most dominant phylum and accounting for 85.1%-90.5% and significantly decreased till 21.9%-68.5% in antibiotic-added treatments. Especially QHY-treated show highest RA of Firmicutes (90.5%) and the amelioration of CAG using QHY attributed by beneficial bacterial enrichment, especially Ruminococcus, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. In addition, alpha and beta diversity analysis also demonstrated the clear dispersion and aggregation that revealed the alteration and steady of bacterial community structures. In summary, QHY has potential application value in the treatment of CAG which attributed to close relation with the modulatory of internal bacterial communities.