bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbial Inoculation is Crucial for the Endocarp Opening of Panax ginseng Seeds in Indoor Warm Stratification
Authors: Kim Haenghoon
Published: January 2025

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is one of Korea's most popular traditional medicinal plants. Since ginseng seeds have morpho-physiological dormancy and a very short lifespan, the harvested seeds need outdoor warm and cold stratification for 100 days each. The seeds are covered by a fruit coat (endocarp), which should be opened during the warm stratification. Hence, farmers need to dehisce (open the endocarp) the seeds annually. The author examines conditions for embryo growth, dehiscence percentage, and endo-carp hardness as a factor of temperature, watering, stratification substances, solution scarification, microbial inoculation on the seed endocarp, etc. Watering, temperature (17.5°C), and aeration are crucial for embryo growth as a germination condition. Moreover, microbial-mediated decomposition of the endocarp is necessary for dehiscence and further embryo development. This study suggests that a combination of embryo growth and microbial-mediated decomposing of the endocarp during warm stratification is a prerequisite for the dehiscence of ginseng seeds, implying physical dormancy and morpho-physiological dormancy. The un-dehisced seeds of three P. ginseng varieties and one P. quinquefolius (American ginseng) were dehisced indoors with microbial inoculation instead of sand as a stratification substrate. This approach opens the door for year-round indoor dehiscence of ginseng seeds without sand.
Measles Vaccination Coverage and Anti-Measles Herd Immunity Levels in the World and Who Regions Worsened from 2019 to 2023
Authors: Plans-Rubió Pedro
Published: January 2025

Objectives: The objectives of this study were: to determine mean percentages of measles vaccination coverage with two, one and zero doses of vaccine and anti-measles herd immunity levels in World Health Organization (WHO) regions in 2023; to assess variations in measles vaccination coverage and anti-measles herd immunity-related indicators from 2019 to 2023; and to assess whether zero-dose measles vaccination coverage indicators were on track to achieve the Immunization Agenda 2030 objective. Methods: Mean percentages of vaccination coverage with two, one and zero doses of measles vaccine in WHO regions in 2023 were calculated using data from the WHO/UNICEF global and regional immunization information system. Results: In 2023, the global mean two-dose measles vaccination coverage was 65.3%, and mean two-dose vaccination coverage were lower than 95% in all WHO regions; the mean prevalence of measles protected individuals in the target vaccination population was 87.6%; and anti-measles herd immunity levels in the target vaccination population were sufficient to block the transmission of measles viruses with greater transmissibility (Ro ≥ 15) only in the Western Pacific and European WHO regions. The global mean two-dose measles vaccination coverage decreased by 3.7% from 2019 to 2023. In 2023, the mean zero-dose measles coverage and number of zero-dose measles children and were 36.7% and 40.6% greater than their values required to be on-track to achieve the 2030 objective. Conclusion: This study found that all measles vaccination coverage-related indicators worsened from 2019 to 2023, and the zero-dose measles vaccination coverage and number of zero-dose measles children in 2023 were not on track to achieve the AI2030 objective. Interventions to increase routine two-dose measles vaccination coverage should be developed in all WHO regions.
Variance Spectrum Scaling Analysis for High-Dimensional Coordination in Human Movement
Authors: Dotov Dobromir , Gu Jingxian , Hotor Philip , Spyra Joanna Martha
Published: January 2025

Coordinated movement has been essential to our evolution as a species but its study has been limited by ideas largely developed for one-dimensional data. The field is poised for a change by high-density recording tools and the popularity of data sharing. New ideas are needed to revive classical theoretical questions such as the organization of the highly redundant biomechanical degrees of freedom and the optimal distribution of variability for efficiency and adaptiveness. Methods have been focused on increasing dimensions: making inferences from one or few measured dimensions about the properties of a higher dimensional system. The opposite problem is to record 100+ kinematic degrees of freedom and make inferences about properties of the embedded manifold. We present an approach to quantify the smoothness and degree to which the manifold is distributed among embedding dimensions. The principal components of embedding dimensions are rank-ordered by variance. The power-law scaling exponent of this variance spectrum is a function of the smoothness and dimensionality of the embedded manifold. It defines a threshold value beyond which the manifold becomes non-differentiable. We verified this approach by showing that the Kuramoto model close to global synchronization in the upper critical end of the coupling parameter obeys the threshold. Next, we tested if the scaling exponent was sensitive to participants’ gait impairment in a full-body motion capture dataset containing short gait trials. Variance scaling was highest in the healthy individuals, followed by osteoarthritis patients after hip-replacement, and lastly, the same patients pre-surgery. Thinking about manifold dimensionality, smoothness, and scaling could inform classic problems in movement science and exploration of the biomechanics of full-body action.
Software Simulation Analysis of Integrating a Wake-Up Radio with a Bluetooth Low Energy Heart Rate Implant Sensor
Authors: Kodi Samuel , Katsriku Ferdinand Appietu
Published: January 2025

This study explores the integration of Wake-Up Radios (WuRs) with Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) bioimplant sensors to address the critical challenges of energy efficiency and operational longevity in Implantable Medical Devices (IMDs). Unlike previous studies, which predominantly examine Always-On WuRs or standalone duty-cycled BLE for WBAN, this work introduces and evaluates a novel Duty-Cycled WuR configuration specifically tailored for bioimplant systems. Through software simulations, three configurations are compared: standalone duty-cycled BLE, Always-On WuR-enabled BLE, and Du-ty-Cycled WuR-enabled BLE. The proposed Duty-Cycled WuR configuration demonstrates superior energy efficiency, significantly reducing cumulative power consumption while maintaining responsiveness for critical events. While this approach introduces a minor latency trade-off due to WuR sleep intervals, it is a reasonable compromise for extending the operational lifespan of energy-constrained IMDs.
Dismantling Monarchy: The Swedish Experience.
Authors: Söderman Erik
Published: January 2025

Sweden’s dismantling of its semi-constitutional monarchy as a form of government was protracted and messy but not overly violent. The process started c.1718 and ended c.1974. Monarchy was not abolished, however, but sidelined. Its political-cum-administrative function was effectively folded into parliamentary democracy; its symbolic properties, its “true nature,” proved harder to manage. Among monarchists there were two lines of thought on the subject: emphasizing tradition or emphasizing modernity. The solution of choice was to “repurpose” it as protection for the two novelties of the nineteenth century—the nation state and democracy. With the King as a common symbol for the population, monarchy would be protection for the nation state and thereby also protection for democracy, because democracy can only exist within the framework of the nation state. The political-cum-administrative dismantling of monarchy took place 1848-1918, but the cultural wrangle about monarchy’s “true nature” took longer to resolve. Expanding on existing scholarship, this study demonstrates how Swedish monarchy, keeping some traditional veneer, has under the reign of Carl XVI Gustaf been reinterpreted from feudal remain to national symbol and a central part of modern democracy. Being this malleable, I would venture that monarchy has no inherent properties, political or otherwise, but rather adapts to circumstances.
"for goddes sake kepe my writing secrete for it is my destruction": Strategies of Epistolary Secrecy in the Letters of Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots (1489-1541)
Authors: Newsome-Chandler Helen
Published: January 2025

This article offers a detailed analysis of the strategies of epistolary secrecy that Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots, employed in her correspondence with Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey, in autumn 1523. During this period, Margaret acted as a double agent: appearing to be a willing mediator of peace to the Scottish government, whilst simultaneously acting as a spy for England. This study investigates how Margaret established separate overt and covert channels of communication with Thomas Howard to  maintain this dual identity and to protect herself in a challenging political situation. This analysis provides evidence for the use of multiple channels of communication as a method of epistolary secrecy, a strategy which has been seldom recorded in other studies of early modern letter-writing. Finally, this article challenges previous, highly-gendered ideas of female political activity which accused Margaret Tudor of being "inconstant" and "politically inept", to instead show that she was exercising excellent political and diplomatic strategy. This provides an important reassessment of the strategies that late medieval queens could employ to exert power and agency in high-risk diplomatic and political negotiations.
Susanna Horenbout at the Tudor Court: Hans Holbein’s Forgotten Sitter?
Authors: Soberton Sylvia  Barbara
Published: January 2025

Amongst Hans Holbein’s chalk drawings in the Royal Collection is a sketch of a young woman identified as Grace Newport, Lady Parker, dating to c. 1540-43. Other proposed identifications are Elizabeth Calthorpe, second wife of Henry Parker, and Jane Parker, wife of George Boleyn and sister-in-law to the executed Queen Anne. This paper seeks to suggest that there is compelling evidence to propose that the “Lady Parker” from Holbein’s sketch may be Susanna Horenbout, miniaturist at the Tudor court and honorary gentlewoman to at least three of Henry VIII’s queens. This paper aims to bring Susanna’s potential connection to the identity of Hans Holbein’s “Lady Parker” into clearer focus.
Sibyl, Queen of Jerusalem 1186–1190. By Helen J. Nicholson. New York: Routledge, 2022. ISBN 9781138636514. xiii + 203 pp. £130.
Authors: Donnachie Stephen
Published: January 2025

Sibyl, Queen of Jerusalem 1186–1190. By Helen J. Nicholson. New York: Routledge, 2022. ISBN 9781138636514. xiii + 203 pp. £130.
Young Elizabeth: Princess. Prisoner. Queen. By Nicola Tallis. London: Michael O’Mara Books, 2024. ISBN 978-1-78929-519-1. xxxiv + 398 pp. £25.
Authors: Strong Johanna
Published: January 2025

Young Elizabeth: Princess. Prisoner. Queen. By Nicola Tallis. London: Michael O’Mara Books, 2024. ISBN 978-1-78929-519-1. xxxiv + 398 pp. £25.
Queenship and Cross-Confessional Identity
Authors: Saunders Amy Elizabeth , Strong Johanna C E , Soler Moratón Melania , Llorente Mercedes , Lyon-Whaley Susannah , Howey Stearn Catherine , Betts Sarah , Thomas Melita , Williams Mindy , Feinstein Lily
Published: January 2025

This cluster focuses on the cross-confessional nature of European queenship, particularly the role which different confessional identities play in the education, marriage, childbirth, patronage, expressions of agency, legal context, and posthumous legacy of queens, both regnant and consort. Ranging from the education of Isabella I’s daughters to Catholic consorts in the Stuart realms to posthumous understandings of Anne Boleyn, this cluster features the work of both emerging and established scholars, all of whom seek to contribute to the field of royal studies’ engagement with queens’ religion across confessional lines, including intra-Christian relations and the interplay between the Christian, Jewish, and Muslim faiths. After a brief introduction to the conceptual framework of the cluster, eight discrete short-form articles examine different aspects of European queenship and their cross-confessional identities.
Plan de negocio para la producción y comercialización de galletas de avena fortificada con cushuro en Lima moderna
Authors:   , Gonzalez Evans Marko Andre , Susano Pizarro Favio Cesar , Arotoma Ruiz Melissa Naysha , Condori Auqui Kathya Malis , Ayala Sierra Maricel Alicia
Published: January 2025

En la actualidad se ve cómo las opciones de comida rápida son muchas veces poco saludables llevando a que muchas personas desarrollen distintas enfermedades. Este grupo de personas con comorbilidad por la mala alimentación o simplemente por herencia, tienen la necesidad de cuidar su alimentación. Por ello en la búsqueda de una solución para este grupo de personas, se plantearon una serie de ideas en las cuales se les pueda brindar un producto que satisfaga sus necesidades. En la búsqueda de este encontramos al Cushuro, un súper alimento andino que tiene distintos beneficios como vitaminas, calcio, hierro, optimiza el sistema óseo, digestivo, cardiovascular y nervioso. La manera en la que decidimos introducirlo en una galleta, la cual está hecha con productos 100% naturales y endulzado con stevia. Debido a que muchas veces no se encuentran muchas opciones saludables en los snacks y por ende se recurren a galletas comerciales que contienen insumos ultraprocesados los cuales son perjudiciales. Por ellos analizaremos la viabilidad de este mediante una investigación por las distintas áreas como el análisis del entorno, marketing, operaciones, el área legal y la parte financiera. Se utilizarán distintas herramientas que nos ayuden a evaluar la viabilidad de nuestro proyecto.
Eficacia y seguridad de los moduladores de CFTR en niños con fibrosis quística: revisión sistemática
Authors:   , Coveñas Cortes Violeta Crysthel , Calderon Villacrez Melissa Gabriela
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos en desenlaces clínicos importantes de moduladores de CFTR en pacientes con fibrosis quística menores de 18 años. Métodos: Revisión sistemática que buscó ensayos controlados aleatorizados, en cinco bases de datos hasta diciembre 2023, que evaluaron los efectos de cualquier modulador del CFTR individual o en combinación sobre desenlaces clínicos como calidad de vida, exacerbaciones respiratorias, hospitalizaciones y efectos adversos. El valor porcentual predicho del volumen espiratorio forzado en un segundo (ppVEF1) fue un desenlace secundario. Se realizó metaanálisis para reportar diferencia de medias ponderadas (DM) y riesgos relativos con intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%). La certeza de la evidencia se evaluó con la metodología GRADE. Resultados: Se encontraron 15 estudios que cumplieron los criterios de selección. Ivacaftor en monoterapia y en combinación con lumacaftor podrían no afectar la calidad de vida, exacerbaciones respiratorias ni hospitalizaciones. El ivacaftor probablemente produce un aumento pequeño en el ppVEF1 en pacientes con mutación G551D (DM:10.48; IC95%:6.13 a 14.48) y heterocigotos (DM:8.00; IC95%:5.41 a 10.59). El lumacaftor-ivacaftor produce leves cambios sobre el ppVEF1, pero, en niños de 2 a 5 años homocigotos se reportan eventos adversos severos. Es incierto el efecto del tezacaftor-ivacaftor en la calidad de vida, pero sí podría aumentar levemente el ppVEF1 en niños de <18 años homocigotos (DM=4.50; IC95%:2.08 a 6.92) y heterocigotos (DM:12.00; IC95%:9.42 a 14.58). Finalmente, en niños de 6 a 11 años heterocigotos, la terapia triple con elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor, versus placebo, podría aumentar levemente la calidad de vida (DM:5.50; IC95%:1.00 a 10.00) y disminuir exacerbaciones respiratorias, con mejoría del ppVEF1 (DM:12.52; IC95%:9.76 a 15.29). Mientras que, en comparación con tezacaftor-ivacaftor, la terapia triple podría aumentar la calidad de vida (DM:7.70; IC95%:1.70 a 13.60) y levemente el ppVEF1 (DM: 11.59; IC95%:5.71 a 17.47), en niños de <18 años homocigotos o heterocigotos. Conclusión: La terapia…
El efecto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en los indicadores epidemiológicos de atención de pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar
Authors:   , Huaman Ruiz Cesar Raul
Published: January 2025

OBJETIVO: Determinar el efecto de la pandemia del Covid-19 en los indicadores de atención de pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar en el periodo 2018-2021. MÉTODOS: Estudio con diseño ecológico, de series de tiempo y analítico. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de los indicadores de atención de los centros de salud de Lima metropolitana antes y durante la pandemia del Covid-19. Para ello, a nivel descriptivo, se utilizaron tablas de proporciones, a nivel inferencial, se aplicó la prueba de Chi cuadrado y se realizó un análisis de serie de tiempo. RESULTADOS: El número de casos de tuberculosis sensible fue 3,795 en el 2018, 3,824 en el 2019, 3,392 en el 2020 y 3,306 en el 2021. Respecto de la tuberculosis multidrogoresistente hubieron 1,470 en el 2018, 1,239 en el 2019, 1,208 en el 2020 y 1,251 en el 2021. En los casos de abandonos se encontró 955 en el 2018, 899 en el 2019, 501 en el 2020 y 1686 en el 2021. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la frecuencia de casos de TB, TB MDR y TB XDR según características en el periodo 2020 - 2021 comparados al periodo 2018 – 2019 (p<0.001), así como en la frecuencia de casos según sectores de Lima (p<0.001). En cuanto a la variación por variables de estudio, en un análisis de serie de tiempo se observó una disminución de aproximadamente 20 casos de TB sensible por mes, siendo la tendencia global decreciente estadísticamente significativa (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONES: La pandemia por Covid-19 ha tenido un impacto significativo en los indicadores de atención de tuberculosis pulmonar en los centros de salud de Lima.
Niveles de cortisol sérico como indicador de estrés pre y post sesiones de entrenamiento en perros de trabajo
Authors:   , Cañote La Torre Andrea de Jesus
Published: January 2025

El estrés en los perros de trabajo es una problemática común ya que durante el proceso de entrenamiento los animales son sometidos a estímulos que podrían desencadenar cuadros de estrés, el cual presenta como biomarcador principal el cortisol y que, de ser prolongados, afectarían su bienestar por lo que el estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los niveles de cortisol sérico en perros de trabajo pertenecientes a una fuerza armada en Perú, antes (T1), inmediatamente después (T2) y 3 horas después (T3) del entrenamiento y asociar las elevaciones mantenidas como un indicador de estrés. Se evaluaron 90 muestras pertenecientes a 30 perros de raza Pastor Alemán 33.3% (10/30), Labrador Retriever 50% (15/30) y Rottweiler 16.7% (5/30), sexo hembra y macho en entrenamiento de seguridad, de búsqueda y rescate (50/50). La determinación de los niveles de cortisol se realizó mediante detección por ensayo de inmunoabsorbancia ligada a enzima (ELISA) para la detección cuantitativa directa de cortisol en suero. Los resultados demuestran |que independientemente del tipo de entrenamiento, raza o sexo no hubo variaciones altas y mantenidas que puedan asociarse con estrés en los canes.
Efecto de los antibióticos pediátricos sobre la microdureza superficial del esmalte dental en dientes bovinos: estudio in vitro
Authors:   , Huaynate Villalobos Anadely Aida
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Comparar el efecto de antibióticos pediátricos sobre la microdureza superficial del esmalte dental en dientes bovinos. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio in vitro en 60 dientes bovinos no cariados. Se sumergieron 15 dientes en cada grupo de cuatro soluciones (amoxicilina, amoxicilina + ácido clavulánico, eritromicina y saliva artificial) durante 1 minuto tres veces al día durante 7 y 14 días. Se midió la microdureza de la superficie del esmalte al inicio, a los 7 y 14 días de exposición a los antibióticos. Resultados: La microdureza superficial del esmalte de los dientes de los grupos de antibióticos pediátricos se redujo después de 7 y 14 días de exposición con diferencia significativa (p < 0,001), respecto a la microdureza inicial. Además, en el grupo expuesto a saliva artificial no hubo diferencia significativa (p = 0,097) en los diferentes tiempos de evaluación. Conclusiones: Se concluye que los antibióticos pediátricos afectan la microdureza del esmalte, siendo la eritromicina la que mayor disminución generó a los 14 días de exposición.
Optimization of the operation of the centrifugal pump in the conditions of mining and industrial enterprises
Authors:   Kazakh National Research Technical University named after K.I. Satpayev, Isametova Madina , Smailova Gulbarshyn ,   Kazakh National Research Technical University named after K.I. Satpayev, Abilkaiyr Zhastalap ,   Kazakh National Research Technical University named after K.I. Satpayev, Ualiev Zhomart ,   Kazakh National Research Technical University named after K.I. Satpayev
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article deals with the numerical analysis of the dynamics of the rotor of a centrifugal pump. Computational studies of the vibration characteristics of the centrifugal pump were carried out using modern CRADLE/Sflow and Nastran programs. Materials and methods. Various modes of liquid supply were considered, for which calculations of hydrodynamic and dynamic effects were performed in the CRADLE/Sflow program in accordance with three - dimensional numerical models. Simulation of the dynamics of the rotor of centrifugal pumps static and dynamic analysis of the effect of the imbalance of hydraulic forces on the vibration of the pump was carried out. The NASTRAN /PATRAN system (solver 122) was used for this purpose. Results. The development of a computer model of the dynamic behavior of the pump made it possible to predict the response of the rotor - wheel system to the effect of the imbalance force, the radial component of the hydraulic force, the axial component is not taken into account, due to compensation of the wheel geometry. Estimating the contribution to VAT of the forces acting on the pump rotor, the magnitude of the stresses from the hydraulic force of 84 MPa is large, the contribution of the imbalance force of the rotor attachments is 21 MPa, the stress from the own weight of the pump rotor was 2.03 MPa. The dynamic characteristics of the pump rotor are expressed by the coefficient of dynamic gain at resonance, which, according to the results of computer analysis, is equal to n =16. Discussion. Many practical data and the results of specially designed experiments show and prove the importance of the residual imbalance of the rotor of a centrifugal pump in creating increased vibration levels at rotational speed. However, the computer simulation of the dynamics of the rotor - wheel system conducted in this article confirms the theory of a large group of scientists who disavow any attempt to attribute the residual imbalance of the rotor to a prevailing or simply significant role in the creation of increased vibration activity and influence on the rotor of a centrifugal pump. Conclusion. Radial hydraulic force has a significant effect on the dynamics of the pump rotor, whereas the effect of the imbalance force is not significant, which is supported by a number of studies. Resume. Computational research using computer modeling methods significantly increases the design efficiency and allows for the study of various designs of a centrifugal pump at the design stage without expensive experiments.
Assessment of recreation capacity of Zhongar - Alatau national park in Kazakhstan
Authors:   Kazakh National University named after Al - Farabi, AliyevaAliyeva Zhannat , AdilbekAdilbek Moldir ,   Narxoz University, Imanaly Akbar ,   Kazakh National University named after Al - Farabi, Aliyeva Zhanel ,   I.N.U. Jean - François Champollion
Published: January 2025

Introduction. In Kazakhstan there is no unified methodology for quantitative assessment of the carrying capacity of national parks and protected areas. Despite the fact that each park has a long - term management plan that defines the conditions of access, protection, development and management, these plans are practically not used and function only as inventory tools when necessary. In this situation, there is a need for more accurate methods for assessing the ecological capacity of national parks. This work is aimed at studying and applying existing methodologies for assessing recreational carrying capacity using the example of the Zhongar-Alatau National Park. The purpose of the study is to develop practical recommendations for determining the permissible load on the park’s ecosystem and tourism management, taking into account the conservation of natural resources and biological diversity. Methods. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of existing approaches to assessing the ecological capacity of tourist areas. The authors seek not only to summarize the available knowledge, but also to develop, on the basis of this analysis, universal algorithms that will allow determining the ecological capacity of various tourist zones, including mountainous areas. This task is relevant due to the growing popularity of tourism and the need to manage environmental loads on natural areas. The maximum allowable recreational load (MARL) on natural complexes is usually calculated based on the principle of zoning of the territory. Results. Zhongar-Alatau National Park attracts one million tourists annually, which puts pressure on the park’s ecosystem. While the park’s physical carrying capacity may seem like a solution to tourism management, determining the desired load level and the relationship between visitor numbers and environmental impacts remains difficult. As a result of the popularity of campsites and hiking trails, the park suffers from unauthorized activities by tourist groups and inadequate waste management. Conclusions. The article proposes an algorithm for determining the ecological capacity of specially protected natural areas and mountainous regions attractive for tourism. The algorithm takes into account environmental risks (fire, erosion, geological processes) and the potential for ecosystem restoration (urbanization, agricultural land, forest areas). The methodology is being tested using the example of the Zhongar-Alatau National Park.
Forecasting methods of the landslides conditions and occurrence time in the village of Gush - Kert of the Shatoy district of the Chechen Republic
Authors:   Millionshchikov Grozny State Oil Technical University, Vorobyov Aleksander , Madaeva Maret ,   Millionshchikov Grozny State Oil Technical University, Dzhamalueva Anna ,   Millionshchikov Grozny State Oil Technical University, Vorobyov Kirill ,   Millionshchikov Grozny State Oil Technical University
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The structure of the adopted methodology defines the object or its attributes that will need to be quantified. Cartographic, photographic and field data very rarely exist independently of each other, since most maps are created based on field research and remote sensing images, and the basic data for images are usually refined in the field. Materials and methods. The most effective way to study a landslide is its visual ground inspection and regular sampling of geo - materials, especially when it is necessary to take geo - material for subsequent physical - mechanical analysis. Results. As a result of the implementation of all these approaches, it becomes possible to develop a map of the Chechen Republic in its various aspects, compiled by combining various information values obtained for various categories of fundamental factors for the occurrence, jointly characterizing the prediction of conditions and time of occurrence of landslides in the territory of the Shatoysky district of the Chechen Republic. Resume. Based on the methodology of the landslide survey, it is initially necessary to carry out preliminary studies, which are conducted in order to identify the contours of the spread of landslide sites in the study area.
Assessment of the agroecological potential of anthropogenic landscapes in the dry steppe of the south of Western Siberia
Authors:   S. Seifullin Kazak Agro - technical Research University, Beristenov Alimbek , Lebedeva Lyudmila ,   Altai State Agrarian University, Tatarintsev Leonid ,   Altai State Agrarian University, Tatarintsev Vladimir ,   National Research Tomsk State University
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the study: assessment of the agro - ecological potential of landscapes used in agricultural production in the dry - steppe subzone of the south of Western Siberia. Research methods. The work used observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis, historical methods, and a systems approach. Cartographic and cartometric methods were used in the development of unique cartographic material. Research results. The results of the study showed the need to assess the agro - ecological potential of anthropogenic landscapes at the local level of land management. Using the example of typical agricultural land use (area of 15,700 hectares) located in the dry steppe subzone of the south of Western Siberia, the problems of organizing an agricultural territory associated with the lack of necessary information about natural landscapes transformed into artificial ones are shown. This became the reason for their degradation under the influence of deflationary processes, which affected the efficiency of agricultural production and the sustainability of land use in general. Conclusions. 1. The scientific article presents the results of the study of the agro - ecological potential of anthropogenic landscapes in the dry steppe of the south of Western Siberia on an area of 15700 hectares. 2. It was found that anthropogenic landscapes experience critical agricultural load as a result of their use in field crop rotations. It was determined that the stability of artificial landscapes varies significantly by landscape areas. The features of abiotic conditions of four areas are shown, illustrated by unique graphic material. Zonal features of land use parameters are revealed, and an assessment of all types of lands of the studied object is carried out. It was found that the agro - ecological potential of anthropogenic landscapes has negative dynamics both due to the primary natural conditions inherent in the subzone and secondary factors (deflation), which are widespread in the study area. The conducted assessment of the agro - ecological potential of the study area showed negative dynamics of the qualitative state of arable land and forage lands under the influence of erosion and deflation. An assessment of the sustainability of the studied landscapes is presented based on 20 indicators, which showed that 96% of the territory is unstable anthropogenic landscapes. 3. The results of the scientific study can be applied for the purposes of sustainable development of agricultural territories regardless of natural and climatic conditions, land use area and organizational form of the agricultural enterprise.
Controlling Factors of Hydraulic Fractures Based on a Post-Fracturing Cored Well in Glutenite Reservoirs: A Case Study from Mahu Depression, Junggar Basin
Authors: Li Xiangyang , Ji Hancheng , Wang Haibo , Li Fengxia , Huang Zhiwen , Chen Liang
Published: January 2025

A test site was established for hydraulic fracturing testing, and a horizontal well was drilled for coring to study hydraulic fracture (HF) in the Baikouquan Formation (Fm) on the northern slope of Mahu Depression, Junggar Basin, western China. A total of 345 fractures were obtained over 323.19-m cores, and HFs were identified by integrating the core, imaging logs, and computed tomography (CT) scans. Shear and tensional fractures, both forms of HFs, were found in the glutenite reservoir, with shear fractures being nearly twice as common as tensional fractures. This result contradicts the hypothesis of HF propagation in the glutenite reservoir during petroleum exploration, which suggests that the HF is prone to bypass the gravels, mainly forming tensional fractures. The condition of building an HF network was evaluated based on the present in-situ stress, rock brittleness, and natural fracture. Fracturing treatments are examined to understand the roots of the varying distribution of HFs. The fracture geometry was further studied based on post-fracturing cores. The HFs consist of a principal fracture subperpendicular to the wellbore with a considerable width and branch fractures that intersect the wellbore obliquely at a smaller angle with a lower width. Controlling factors for the propagation of HFs were investigated from both geological and fracturing treatment perspectives. The findings are as follows: (1) HFs prefer to penetrate gravels in the glutenite reservoir when the gravel is large in size, poorly sorted, and high in content; (2) two parameters control the fracture density and mode of fracture propagation, which are the minimum distance between the cored well and the fractured well’s cluster of perforation (SC) and distance density (DS); higher fracture densities and more shear fractures can occur when SC is lower and DS is higher.
Temperature’s Impact on High-Overmature Shale’s Mechanical Properties: Atomic Force Microscopy Study
Authors: Zhou Tingqiang , Yan Haifeng , Zhou Xiaoyi , Zhang Jinxing , Liao Yuhui , Tang Xin , Chen Xiangru
Published: January 2025

In the field of geological engineering, heat treatment techniques are crucial for optimizing the mechanical properties of rocks, particularly in soft formations and those with special geological conditions. These techniques significantly enhance the pore volume (PV) and optimize the overall performance of rocks. In the study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and fluid injection experiments were used to analyze the PV, surface properties, and micromechanical behaviors of Niutitang shale under different temperature treatments. The results showed that the PV of shale significantly improved under temperature treatment at 400°C, especially the volume of pores 2–20 nm in size, and the projection area of a pore also expanded compared with that under ambient temperature. In addition, the geometric instability of the pore cross section is enhanced, and the reduced modulus reaches its minimum in the 400°C treated shale. The study reveals the threshold effect of temperature on the microstructure of shale provides a scientific basis for temperature control in the heat treatment process and offers theoretical guidance for optimizing the performance of rocks in engineering applications.
WITHDRAWN: Robust Biofilm-Forming Ionizing Radiation Resistant Bacillus subtilis isolated from Ramsar-Iran, Emphasis on Molecular Genetic profiling Analysis
Authors: ali dhuha saeed , Author) reza vazifehmand(Former Corresponding , Rukayadi Yaya , Radu Son , Mirpour Mirsasan , sekawi zamberi , Author) Nor-Khaizura Mahmud Ab Rashid(New Corresponding
Published: January 2025

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
DOLPHIN Advances Cell Representation Beyond Gene-Level by Integrating Exon-Level Quantification and Junction Reads with Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Song Kailu , Zheng Yumin , Zhao Bowen , Eidelman David H. , Ding Jun
Published: January 2025

The advent of single-cell sequencing has revolutionized the study of cellular dynamics, providing unprecedented resolution into the molecular states and heterogeneity of individual cells. However, the rich potential of exon-level information and junction reads within single cells remains underutilized. Conventional gene-count methods overlook critical exon and junction data, limiting the quality of cell representation and downstream analyses such as subpopulation identification and alternative splicing detection. We introduce DOLPHIN, a deep learning method that integrates exon-level and junction read data, representing genes as graph structures. These graphs are processed by a variational graph autoencoder to improve cell embeddings. DOLPHIN not only demonstrates superior performance in cell clustering, biomarker discovery, and alternative splicing detection but also provides a distinct capability to detect subtle transcriptomic differences at the exon level that are often masked in gene-level analyses. By examining cellular dynamics with enhanced resolution, DOLPHIN provides new insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
The Proficiency and Variability of Mathematical Ability in Populations with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Mou Yi , Li Jiaxi , Ke Zijun , Li Xueyan , Zhang Bo , Liao Yini
Published: January 2025

The fundamental characteristics of mathematical ability in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), specifically proficiency level and variability, remain inadequately understood. This meta-analysis reveals that individuals with ASD exhibit significantly lower math scores (Hedge’s g = -0.181/-0.592) and greater variability (natural logarithm of variability ratio, lnVR = 0.179/0.272) compared to the general population, as represented by norms of standardized math tests (M = 100, SD = 15; 3,051 participants) and typically developing (TD) control groups (2,351 participants). Group discrepancies in proficiency and variability were moderated by intelligence, age, or their interactions. The moderate math-intelligence relationship in the population with ASD provides a theoretical framework for studying their math abilities. Additionally, the discrepancy in math proficiency between the ASD and TD groups increases over the past four decades. These findings underscore the need for sustained, individualized mathematical education for individuals with ASD, and the importance of investigating the developmental trajectories of mathematical skills in ASD.
Probabilistic Greedy Algorithm Solver Using Magnetic Tunneling Junctions for Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Kämpfe Thomas , Zhang Ran , Li Xiaohan , Wan Cai-Hua , Hoffmann Raik , Hindenberg Meike , Xu Yingqian , Liu Shiqiang , Kong Dehao , Xiong Shilong , He Shikun , Vardar Alptekin , Dai Qiang , Gong Junlu , Sun Yihui , Zheng Zejie , Yu Guoqiang , Han Xiufeng
Published: January 2025

Combinatorial optimization problems are foundational challenges in fields such as artificial intelligence, logistics, and network design. Traditional algorithms, including greedy methods and dynamic programming, often struggle to balance computational efficiency and solution quality, particularly as problem complexity scales. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel and efficient probabilistic optimization framework that integrates true random number generators (TRNGs) based on spin-transfer torque magnetic tunneling junctions (STT-MTJs). The inherent stochastic switching behavior of STT-MTJs enables dynamic configurability of random number distributions, which we leverage to introduce controlled randomness into a probabilistic greedy algorithm. By tuning a temperature parameter, our algorithm seamlessly transitions between deterministic and stochastic strategies, effectively balancing exploration and exploitation. Furthermore, we apply this framework to the traveling salesman problem (TSP), showcasing its ability to consistently produce high-quality solutions across diverse problem scales. Our algorithm demonstrates superior performance in both solution quality and convergence speed compared to classical approaches, such as simulated annealing and genetic algorithms. Specifically, in larger TSP instances involving up to 70 cities, it retains its performance advantage, achieving near-optimal solutions with fewer iterations and reduced computational costs. This work highlights the potential of integrating MTJ-based TRNGs into optimization algorithms, paving the way for future applications in probabilistic computing and hardware-accelerated optimization.
Enhancing the Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Breast Cancer Using Deep Learning on Routine Full-Breast Mammograms
Authors: Zhang Daqu , Dihge Looket , Bendahl Pär-Ola , Arvidsson Ida , Dustler Magnus , Ellbrant Julia , Gulis Kim , Hjärtström Malin , Ohlsson Mattias , Rejmer Cornelia , Schmidt David , Zackrisson Sophia , Edén Patrik , Rydén Lisa
Published: January 2025

Background: With a trend toward de-escalation of axillary surgery in breast cancer, prediction models incorporating imaging modalities can help reassess the need for surgical axillary staging. Although mammography is routinely performed for breast cancer imaging, its potential in nodal staging remains underutilized. This study aims to employ advancements in deep learning (DL) to comprehensively evaluate the potential of routine mammograms for predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in preoperative clinical settings.
Methods: This retrospective study included 1,265 cN0 T1-T2 breast cancer patients, comprising 368 node-positive and 897 node-negative cases, diagnosed from 2009-2017 at three Swedish institutions. Patients diagnosed in 2017 were assigned to the independent test set (n=123, site 2) and the external test set (n=103, site 3), while the remaining patients (n=1,039, site 1 and 2) were used for model development and double cross-validation. A neck module, in conjunction with a ResNet backbone pretrained on unlabeled mammograms, was developed to extract global information from full-breast or region-of-interest (ROI) mammograms by predicting five cancer outcomes. Clinicopathological characteristics were combined with the learned mammogram features to predict LNM collaboratively. The models were evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), calibration, and decision curve analysis.
Results: Compared to models using only clinical variables, incorporating full-breast mammograms with preoperative clinical variables improved the ROC AUC from 0.690 ± 0.063 (SD) to 0.774 ± 0.057 in the independent test set and from 0.584 ± 0.068 to 0.637 ± 0.063 in the external test set. The combined model showed good calibration and, at sensitivity ≥ 90%, achieved a better net benefit, and a higher sentinel lymph node biopsy reduction rate of 41.7% in the independent test set. Full-breast mammograms showed comparable ability to tumor ROIs in predicting LNM.
Conclusion: Our findings underscore that routine mammograms, particularly full-breast images, can enhance preoperative nodal status prediction. They may substitute key postoperative predictors such as pathological tumor size and multifocality, aiding patient stratification before surgery. Interestingly, the added predictive value of mammography was consistent across all sites, whereas the overall performance varied over time periods and sites, likely due to advancements in equipment and procedures.
Prognostic gene expression and microRNA profiling signatures and genetic alterations in primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Young Ken , Shi Wen-Yu , Xu-Monette Zijun , Jia Youchao , Tzankov Alexandar , Go Heounjeong , Li Ling , Ponzoni Maurilio , Wang Yafei , Zhai Qiongli , Perry Anamarija , Wang Shi , Wang Xiaoxiao , Chiu April , Xu Mina , Visco Carlo , Dybkaer Karen , Withers Henry , Long Mark , Yuan Alyssa , Miao Yi , Li Jianyong , Macias Everardo , Shuai Wen , Wang Bangchen , Bhagat Govind , Zu Youli , Pan Zenggang , Choi William , Montes-Moreno Santiago , Chen Weina , Krieken J. Han van , Møller Michael , Zhan Fenghuang , Parsons Ben , Zhang Shanxiang , Hsi Eric , Sohani Aliyah , Abramson Jeremy , Ferreri Andrés , Xu Bing , Li Yong
Published: January 2025

Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PT-DLBCL) is a rare and aggressive lymphoma with molecular heterogeneity not well characterize. In this study, we performed next-generation sequencing analysis for a large number of DNA and RNA samples from patients with PT-DLBCL. DNA sequencing analysis identified ≥ 3 chromosomes with copy number variations (CNVs) and microsatellite instability as prognostic biomarkers, rather than MYD88 mutations and genetic subtypes. Remarkably, targeted RNA-seq analysis in 195 patients revealed that TP53 mutations with a ≥ 40% variant allele frequency had significantly adverse prognostic impact, and that a 150-gene expression signature subdivided PT-DLBCL into two distinct clusters, termed as testicular lymphoma tumor (TLT) and microenvironment (ME) subtypes. The TLT subtype featured upregulation of genes involved in B-cell receptor signaling, cell cycle, DNA damage and repair, higher frequencies of CNVs and MYD88 mutations, elder ages, larger tumor sizes, and significantly poorer survival. Genomic microRNA profiling analysis identified significantly differentially expressed microRNAs between 113 PT-DLBCL and 180 systemic DLBCL patients, and further subdivided the PT-DLBCL cohort by microRNA signatures. The subcohort with upregulation of 16 microRNAs associated with PT-DLBCL and testicular tissue expression had significantly better survival. This study revealed characteristic genetic, gene expression, and microRNA profiles and heterogeneity in PT-DLBCL.
Assessment of Nutritional Status and Related Factors Among Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis at Hargeisa Group Hospital, Somaliland
Authors: Nuh abdulkadir Mohamed , Ahmed Abdeta Mukhtar , Ali Hamse Arab , Abdi Hamse Adan
Published: January 2025

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term condition characterized by the gradual loss of kidney function over time with a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate. More than 800 million people are affected by chronic kidney diseases worldwide. Its prevalence is notably pronounced among older populations and those with inadequately managed diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Nutritional status among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in East African countries, including Somaliland, has emerged as a significant concern requiring comprehensive attention. Several studies conducted across this region have indicated varying degrees of malnutrition among CKD patients.
Objective: This study aimed to assess nutritional status and related factors among patients with chronic kidney disease on haemodialysis at Hargeisa Group Hospital, Hargeisa, to generate evidence for practice.
Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of four weeks from 30 June to 27 July 20222 at Hargeisa Group Hospital, Department of Haemodialysis.
Results: A multivariate linear regression model adjusted for different background characteristics, duration of chronic kidney disease, scheduled physical activity before becoming sick, history of anorexia and hemoglobin level was significantly associated with nutritional status (P < 0.05). For a unit increase in the duration of chronic kidney disease, the SGA-DMS score increased by 0.061 (ß = 0.061, P < 0.001). Similarly, a unit increase in the duration of anorexia (SGA-DMS) score increased by 4.746 (ß = 4.746, P < 0.001), indicating malnutrition. Conversely, having any scheduled physical activity before becoming sick decreased the SGA-DMS score by -4.604 (ß = -4.604, P =0.042). Conversely, a unit increase in the haemoglobin level decreased (SGA-DMS) the score by -1.463 (ß = -1.463, P =0.014).
Conclusion: Malnutrition is notably prevalent among hemodialysis patients at Hargeisa Group Hospital, particularly among those subjected to extended dialysis and those with a history of anorexia.