bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un siglo todo de señales: o trabalho intelectual em Buenos Aires e as demandas expostas em La Moda (1837-1838)
Authors: Neto José Alves de Freitas
Published: August 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o modo como letrados portenhos da Geração de 37 registraram, nas páginas de La Moda, a importância do trabalho intelectual e atribuíram um lugar para os que se dedicaram a ilustrar as sociedades. Em meio a textos sobre costumes, literatura, música e outros temas, a referência ao trabalho intelectual, em 1838, apresenta um esboço da concepção cultural e política do grupo que pretendia escrever para “transformar condutas” e “práticas sociais” no processo de formação da Argentina.
Em regime de colaboração: segurança nacional e gênero em cartas à censura no Brasil dos anos 1970
Authors: Duarte Ana Rita Fonteles
Published: August 2016

Este artigo procura pensar os preceitos morais e identidades de gênero presentes na Doutrina de Segurança Nacional e de que forma eles se cruzam ou são apropriados pelas cartas enviadas por pessoas comuns à Divisão de Censura de Diversões Públicas, do Ministério da Justiça, durante os anos de 1970, no Brasil, quando as regulamentações em torno da censura aos veículos de comunicação, especialmente os audiovisuais, se estabelece como forma de preservar a moral e os bons costumes, pós AI-5.
O “ser chileno” em questão: identidade nacional e política
Authors: Capelato Maria Helena Rolim
Published: August 2016

O texto tem como objetivo compreender o significado de interpretações sobre chilenidad realizadas por autores chilenos entre as décadas de 1920-50. Procuro mostrar, através de ensaios que apresentam perspectivas diversas na abordagem do tema, as posições ideológicas e preocupações políticas que nortearam os estudos sobre “identidade” ou “caráter” nacional chileno no referido período, levando em conta, também, aspectos da conjuntura histórica em que foram produzidos.
Movimentos migratórios e mobilidade na fronteira: o Oeste do Paraná frente às transformações intra-regionais de 1970 a 2010
Authors: Rippel Ricardo
Published: August 2016

O artigo averiguou como a dinâmica demográfica e a localização da população rural e urbana no Oeste do Paraná deram-se de 1970 a 2010, frente à migração e à qualificação dos chefes de família. Utilizou-se de indicadores demográficos e de localização e redistribuição, visualizando-se a disposição da população por domicílio. Agregou-se a análise o cálculo da migração bruta e líquida e do índice de eficácia migratória intra-regional. Os resultados apontaram que o arquétipo de concentração da população na região não sofreu modificações significativas no período.Palavras-chave: Dinâmica demográfica; análise regional; migração no Oeste do Paraná.
Time Management Behavior among Academic Procrastinators in Bangladesh: A Study on Undergraduate Students of Different Private Universities
Authors: Ferdus Zannatul , Kabir Thawhidul , Akter Shirin
Published: August 2016

Procrastination and its impacts on students of various academic levels have been scrutinized for many years, but how the students involved in procrastination are utilizing their hours of a day have not been answered yet. To find out the answer, this study randomly sampled 1000 undergraduate private university students in Bangladesh and found that occasional procrastinators use most of their time for the academic purposes than non academic purposes if were judged against chronic and severe procrastinators. Moreover, it identified that, the academic results of the undergraduate students were negatively associated with their intensity of procrastination. Moreover, the amount of time they used for academic purpose was inversely inclined to their frequency of procrastination. On the contrary, this study also found that, the amount of time used by undergraduate students for non-academic purposes was positively associated with their extent procrastination.Journal of Business and Technology (Dhaka) Vol.10(2) 2015; 37-56
Vulnerable Life: Zombies, Global Biopolitics, and the Reproduction of Structural Violence
Authors: Pokornowski Steven
Published: August 2016

This essay offers an intervention in biopolitical theory—using the term “vulnerable life” to recalibrate discussions of how life is valued and violence is justified in the contemporary bioinsecurity regime. It reads the discursive structures that dehumanize and pathologize figures in U.S. zombie narratives against the discursive structures present in contemporary legal narratives and media reports on the killing of black Americans. Through this unsettling paralleling of structures, the essay suggests how the current ubiquity of zombies and the profusion of racial tension in the U.S. are related. In the process, the essay emphasizes the highly racialized nature of the zombie itself—which has never been the empty signifier it is often read as—and drives home just how dangerous the proliferation of postracial and posthuman discourses can be if they serve to elide historical limitations about the highly political determinations of just who is quite human.
Public’s Health Risk Awareness on Urban Air Pollution in Chinese Megacities: The Cases of Shanghai, Wuhan and Nanchang
Authors: Liu Xiaojun , Zhu Hui , Hu Yongxin , Feng Sha , Chu Yuanyuan , Wu Yanyan , Wang Chiyu , Zhang Yuxuan , Yuan Zhaokang , Lu Yuanan
Published: August 2016

This study assessed the public’s health risk awareness of urban air pollution triggered by three megacities in China, and the data are the responses from a sample size of 3868 megacity inhabitants from Shanghai, Nanchang and Wuhan. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize the respondents’ demographics, perceived health risks from air pollution and sources of health-related knowledge on urban air pollution. Chi-square tests were used to examine if participants’ demographics were associated with participant’s general attitudes towards current air quality and the three perceived highest health risks due to urban air pollution. We found low rate of satisfaction of current urban air quality as well as poor knowledge of air pollution related indicator. Participants’ gender, age and travel experience were found to be associated with the satisfaction of current air quality. The knowledge of air pollution related indicator was significantly affected by respondents’ education, monthly income, health status, and sites of study. As many as 46.23% of the participants expressed their feelings of anxiety when exposed to polluted air, especially females, older adults and those with poor health conditions. Most participants believed that coughs/colds, eye problems and skin allergies were the three highest health risks due to urban air pollution based on public education through television/radio, internet and newspaper/magazine. Further public health education is needed to improve public awareness of air pollution and its effects.
Awareness of Tobacco-Related Health Harms among Vulnerable Populations in Bangladesh: Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Bangladesh Survey
Authors: Driezen Pete , Abdullah Abu , Nargis Nigar , Hussain A. , Fong Geoffrey , Thompson Mary , Quah Anne , Xu Steve
Published: August 2016

This study assessed the knowledge of the harmful effects of tobacco use among vulnerable populations in Bangladesh and whether vulnerability was associated with the presence of complete home smoking bans. Data came from Wave 3 (2011–2012) of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Bangladesh Survey, a nationally-representative survey of 3131 tobacco users and 2147 non-users. Socio-demographic measures of disadvantage were used as proxy measures of vulnerability, including sex, residential location, education and income. Outcome measures were awareness of the harmful effects of (a) cigarette smoking and (b) smokeless tobacco use and (c) whether respondents had complete smoking bans in their homes. Logistic regression was used to examine whether the adjusted prevalence of each outcome differed by socio-demographic proxies of vulnerability. Smaller percentages of women, the illiterate, urban slum residents and low-income Bangladeshis were aware of the health harms of tobacco. These vulnerable groups generally had lower odds of awareness compared to the least disadvantaged groups. Incomplete knowledge of tobacco’s harms may prevent vulnerable groups from taking steps to protect their health. Development goals, such as increasing literacy rates and empowering women, can complement the goals of WHO’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.
In Vitro Co-Culture Models of Breast Cancer Metastatic Progression towards Bone
Authors: Arrigoni Chiara , Bersini Simone , Gilardi Mara , Moretti Matteo
Published: August 2016

Advanced breast cancer frequently metastasizes to bone through a multistep process involving the detachment of cells from the primary tumor, their intravasation into the bloodstream, adhesion to the endothelium and extravasation into the bone, culminating with the establishment of a vicious cycle causing extensive bone lysis. In recent years, the crosstalk between tumor cells and secondary organs microenvironment is gaining much attention, being indicated as a crucial aspect in all metastatic steps. To investigate the complex interrelation between the tumor and the microenvironment, both in vitro and in vivo models have been exploited. In vitro models have some advantages over in vivo, mainly the possibility to thoroughly dissect in controlled conditions and with only human cells the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the metastatic progression. In this article we will review the main results deriving from in vitro co-culture models, describing mechanisms activated in the crosstalk between breast cancer and bone cells which drive the different metastatic steps.
Sometimes More Is Better, and Sometimes Less Is Better: Task Complexity Moderates the Response Time Accuracy Correlation
Authors: Becker Nicolas , Schmitz Florian , Göritz Anja , Spinath Frank
Published: August 2016

This study addresses the relationship between item response time and item accuracy (i.e., the response time accuracy correlation, RTAC) in figural matrices tests. The dual processing account of response time effects predicts negative RTACs in tasks that allow for relatively automatic processing and positive RTACs in tasks that require controlled processing. Contrary to these predictions, several studies found negative RTACs for reasoning tests. Nevertheless, it was demonstrated that the RTAC is moderated by task complexity (i.e., the interaction between person ability and item difficulty) and that under conditions of high complexity (i.e., low ability and high difficulty) the RTAC was even slightly positive. The goal of this study was to demonstrate that with respect to task complexity the direction of the RTAC (positive vs. negative) can change substantially even within a single task paradigm (i.e., figural matrices). These predictions were tested using a figural matrices test that employs a constructed response format and has a broad range of item difficulties in a sample with a broad range of ability. Confirming predictions, strongly negative RTACs were observed when task complexity was low (i.e., fast responses tended to be correct). With increasing task complexity, the RTAC flipped to be strongly positive (i.e., slow responses tended to be correct). This flip occurred earlier for people with lower ability, and later for people with higher ability. Cognitive load of the items is suggested as an explanation for this phenomenon.
Correia Repeat Enclosed Elements and Non-Coding RNAs in the Neisseria Species
Authors: Roberts Sabrina , Spencer-Smith Russell , Shah Mahwish , Nebel Jean-Christophe , Cook Richard , Snyder Lori
Published: August 2016

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is capable of causing gonorrhoea and more complex diseases in the human host. Neisseria meningitidis is a closely related pathogen that shares many of the same genomic features and virulence factors, but causes the life threatening diseases meningococcal meningitis and septicaemia. The importance of non-coding RNAs in gene regulation has become increasingly evident having been demonstrated to be involved in regulons responsible for iron acquisition, antigenic variation, and virulence. Neisseria spp. contain an IS-like element, the Correia Repeat Enclosed Element, which has been predicted to be mobile within the genomes or to have been in the past. This repeat, present in over 100 copies in the genome, has the ability to alter gene expression and regulation in several ways. We reveal here that Correia Repeat Enclosed Elements tend to be near non-coding RNAs in the Neisseria spp., especially N. gonorrhoeae. These results suggest that Correia Repeat Enclosed Elements may have disrupted ancestral regulatory networks not just through their influence on regulatory proteins but also for non-coding RNAs.
Aspirination of α-Aminoalcohol (Sarpogrelate M1)
Authors: Park Sunhwa , Lee Jiyun , Shin Kye , Seo Jae
Published: August 2016

Aspirination of α-aminoalcohol (sarpogrelate M1) has been performed under various general esterification conditions. In most cases, the desired aspirinate ester was obtained at a low yield with unexpected byproducts, the formation of which was mostly derived from the chemical properties of the tertiary α-amino group. After systematic analysis of those methods, the aspirinated sarpogrelate M1 was prepared using a two-step approach combining salicylate ester formation and acetylation.
The Laughter of Fools: The Relevance of Wisdom in Today’s World
Authors: Dell Katharine
Published: August 2016

This paper explores different facets of the character type of the fool in the book of Proverbs and looks at his primary characteristics in the context of some of the main themes of Proverbs. Particular concerns are with the difficulties of parenting a fool and the idea of life as a path full of choices, with problems with communication and with other characteristics of the fool such as not listening to others, a tendency to hasty anger, wiliness and getting into unsuitable social situations. This paper puts this discussion in the context of the wider wisdom quest and its theological themes. It ends with images of the fool from Ecclesiastes and some insights for modern application.
The Algorithm of Continuous Optimization Based on the Modified Cellular Automaton
Authors: Evsutin Oleg , Shelupanov Alexander , Meshcheryakov Roman , Bondarenko Dmitry , Rashchupkina Angelika
Published: August 2016

This article is devoted to the application of the cellular automata mathematical apparatus to the problem of continuous optimization. The cellular automaton with an objective function is introduced as a new modification of the classic cellular automaton. The algorithm of continuous optimization, which is based on dynamics of the cellular automaton having the property of geometric symmetry, is obtained. The results of the simulation experiments with the obtained algorithm on standard test functions are provided, and a comparison between the analogs is shown.
Predictions for Bottomonia Suppression in 5.023 TeV Pb-Pb Collisions
Authors: Krouppa Brandon , Strickland Michael
Published: August 2016

We compute the suppression of the bottomonia states Υ ( 1 S ) , Υ ( 2 S ) , Υ ( 3 S ) , χ b ( 1 P ) , χ b ( 2 P ) , and χ b ( 3 P ) states in Large Hadron Collider (LHC) s N N = 5.023 TeV Pb-Pb collisions. For the background evolution we use 3+1d anisotropic hydrodynamics with conditions extrapolated from s N N = 2.76 TeV and we self-consistently compute bottomonia decay rates including non-equilibrium corrections to the interaction potential. For our final results, we make predictions for R A A as function of centrality, rapidity, and p T for the Υ ( 1 S ) and Υ ( 2 S ) states, including feed down effects. In order to assess the dependence on some of the model assumptions, we vary the shear viscosity-to-entropy density ratio, 4 π η / s ∈ { 1 , 2 , 3 } , and the initial momentum-space anisotropy parameter, ξ 0 ∈ { 0 , 10 , 50 } , while holding the total light hadron multiplicity fixed.
Chromosomal rearrangements in holocentric organisms lead to reproductive isolation by hybrid dysfunction: The correlation between karyotype rearrangements and germination rates in sedges
Authors: Escudero Marcial , Hahn Marlene , Brown Bethany H. , Lueders Kate , Hipp Andrew L.
Published: August 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Understanding the drivers of speciation is a central task of evolutionary biology. Chromosomal rearrangements are known to play an important role in species diversification, but the role of rearrangements of holocentric chromosomes—chromosomes without localized centromeres—is poorly understood.

METHODS:

We made numerous artificial crosses between Carex scoparia individuals of different diploid chromosome numbers and, for comparison, between individuals of the same chromosome number. We studied chromosome pairing and chromosomal rearrangements in the F1 individuals using light microscopy. We then estimated germination rates as a function of geographic distance, genetic distance, chromosome number differences in parents, and pairing irregularities in F1 individuals, using generalized least squares to fit alternative regression models.

KEY RESULTS:

The most informative predictors of germination rates in the F1 generation are chromosome number differences and minimum number of chromosome pairing irregularities in the F1 individuals. Genetic and geographic distances between parents are not significant predictors.

CONCLUSIONS:

Holocentric chromosomal rearrangements play an important role in postzygotic reproductive isolation in Carex through F1 hybrid inviability and sterility. Hybrid dysfunction seems to be a suitable model for chromosomal speciation when there are several chromosomal rearrangements between parents. However, we have not tested the hypothesis that genome rearrangements may also play an important role in suppressing recombination between cytogenetically divergent populations.
Unusual reactions of diazocarbonyl compounds with α,β-unsaturated δ-amino esters: Rh(II)-catalyzed Wolff rearrangement and oxidative cleavage of N–H-insertion products
Authors: Nikolaev Valerij A , Medvedev Jury J , Galkina Olesia S , Azarova Ksenia V , Schneider Christoph
Published: August 2016

Rh(II)-сatalyzed reactions of aroyldiazomethanes, diazoketoesters and diazodiketones with α,β-unsaturated δ-aminoesters, in contrast to reactions of diazomalonates and other diazoesters, give rise to the Wolff rearrangement and/or oxidative cleavage of the initially formed N–H-insertion products. These oxidation processes are mediated by Rh(II) catalysts possessing perfluorinated ligands. The formation of pyrrolidine structures, characteristic for catalytic reactions of diazoesters, was not observed in these processes at all.
FAR-ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS OF COMET C/2012 S1 (ISON) FROM FORTIS
Authors: McCandliss Stephan R. , Feldman Paul D. , Weaver Harold , Fleming Brian , Redwine Keith , Li Mary J. , Kutyrev Alexander , Moseley S. Harvey
Published: August 2016

We have used the unique far-UV imaging capability offered by a sounding-rocket-borne instrument to acquire observations of C/2012 S1 (ISON) when its angular separation with respect to the Sun was 26.°3 on 2013 November 20.49. At the time of observation, the comet’s heliocentric distance and velocity relative to the Sun were r

h
 = 0.43 au and

 = −62.7 km s−1. Images dominated by C i λ1657 and H i λ1216 were acquired over a 106 × 106 km2 region. The water production rate implied by the Lyα observations is constrained to be

8 × 1029 s−1 while the neutral carbon production rate was

  4 ×1028 s−1. The radial profile of C i was consistent with it being a dissociation product of a parent molecule with a lifetime τ ∼ 5 × 104 s, favoring a parent other than CO. We constrain the Q
CO production rate to

1028 s−1 with 1σ errors derived from photon statistics. The upper limit on the Q
CO/

is ≲6%.
SUBARU HIGH-z EXPLORATION OF LOW-LUMINOSITY QUASARS (SHELLQs). I. DISCOVERY OF 15 QUASARS AND BRIGHT GALAXIES AT 5.7 < z < 6.9∗

†
Authors: Matsuoka Yoshiki , Onoue Masafusa , Kashikawa Nobunari , Iwasawa Kazushi , Strauss Michael A. , Nagao Tohru , Imanishi Masatoshi , Niida Mana , Toba Yoshiki , Akiyama Masayuki , Asami Naoko , Bosch James , Foucaud Sébastien , Furusawa Hisanori , Goto Tomotsugu , Gunn James E. , Harikane Yuichi , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Kawaguchi Toshihiro , Kikuta Satoshi , Komiyama Yutaka , Lupton Robert H. , Minezaki Takeo , Miyazaki Satoshi , Morokuma Tomoki , Murayama Hitoshi , Nishizawa Atsushi J. , Ono Yoshiaki , Ouchi Masami , Price Paul A. , Sameshima Hiroaki , Silverman John D. , Sugiyama Naoshi , Tait Philip J. , Takada Masahiro , Takata Tadafumi , Tanaka Masayuki , Tang Ji-Jia , Utsumi Yousuke
Published: August 2016

We report the discovery of 15 quasars and bright galaxies at 5.7 < z < 6.9. This is the initial result from the Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars project, which exploits the exquisite multiband imaging data produced by the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Strategic Program survey. The candidate selection is performed by combining several photometric approaches including a Bayesian probabilistic algorithm to reject stars and dwarfs. The spectroscopic identification was carried out with the Gran Telescopio Canarias and the Subaru Telescope for the first 80 deg2 of the survey footprint. The success rate of our photometric selection is quite high, approaching 100% at the brighter magnitudes (z
AB < 23.5 mag). Our selection also recovered all the known high-z quasars on the HSC images. Among the 15 discovered objects, six are likely quasars, while the other six with interstellar absorption lines and in some cases narrow emission lines are likely bright Lyman-break galaxies. The remaining three objects have weak continua and very strong and narrow Lyα lines, which may be excited by ultraviolet light from both young stars and quasars. These results indicate that we are starting to see the steep rise of the luminosity function of z ≥ 6 galaxies, compared with that of quasars, at magnitudes fainter than M
1450 ∼ −22 mag or z
AB ∼ 24 mag. Follow-up studies of the discovered objects as well as further survey observations are ongoing.
FLARE-GENERATED SHOCK WAVE PROPAGATION THROUGH SOLAR CORONAL ARCADE LOOPS AND AN ASSOCIATED TYPE II RADIO BURST
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Innes D. E. , Cho Kyung-Suk
Published: August 2016

This paper presents multiwavelength observations of a flare-generated type II radio burst. The kinematics of the shock derived from the type II burst closely match a fast extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wave seen propagating through coronal arcade loops. The EUV wave was closely associated with an impulsive M1.0 flare without a related coronal mass ejection, and was triggered at one of the footpoints of the arcade loops in active region NOAA 12035. It was initially observed in the 335 Å images from the Atmospheric Image Assembly with a speed of ∼800 km s−1 and it accelerated to ∼1490 km s−1 after passing through the arcade loops. A fan–spine magnetic topology was revealed at the flare site. A small, confined filament eruption (∼340 km s−1) was also observed moving in the opposite direction to the EUV wave. We suggest that breakout reconnection in the fan–spine topology triggered the flare and associated EUV wave that propagated as a fast shock through the arcade loops.
CALCULATING ROTATING HYDRODYNAMIC AND MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC WAVES TO UNDERSTAND MAGNETIC EFFECTS ON DYNAMICAL TIDES
Authors: Wei Xing
Published: August 2016

To understand magnetic effects on dynamical tides, we study the rotating magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow driven by harmonic forcing. The linear responses are analytically derived in a periodic box under the local WKB approximation. Both the kinetic and Ohmic dissipations at the resonant frequencies are calculated, and the various parameters are investigated. Although magnetic pressure may be negligible compared to thermal pressure, the magnetic field can be important for the first-order perturbation, e.g., dynamical tides. It is found that the magnetic field splits the resonant frequency, namely the rotating hydrodynamic flow has only one resonant frequency, but the rotating MHD flow has two, one positive and the other negative. In the weak field regime the dissipations are asymmetric around the two resonant frequencies and this asymmetry is more striking with a weaker magnetic field. It is also found that both the kinetic and Ohmic dissipations at the resonant frequencies are inversely proportional to the Ekman number and the square of the wavenumber. The dissipation at the resonant frequency on small scales is almost equal to the dissipation at the non-resonant frequencies, namely the resonance takes its effect on the dissipation at intermediate length scales. Moreover, the waves with phase propagation that is perpendicular to the magnetic field are much more damped. It is also interesting to find that the frequency-averaged dissipation is constant. This result suggests that in compact objects, magnetic effects on tidal dissipation should be considered.
Venous Thromboembolism â€“ Current Diagnostic and Treatment Modalities
Authors: Bosevski Marijan , Srbinovska-Kostovska Elizabeta
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis, known as venous thromboembolism (VTE), are associated with a high proportion of morbidity and mortality.AIM: Aim of this review is to emphasise current diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for VTE.RESULTS: No differences have been noticed in European and American guidelines in diagnostic approach of this disorder. Today there is enough clinical information for the use of heparin (either, unfractionated or low molecular) and vitamin K antagonists in the treatment of acute and chronic phases of VTE. Novel oral anticoagulants seem to have some advantages in the treatment of this disorder. Rivaroxaban has been approved widespread, for use as a single-drug approach of VTE.CONCLUSION: Both guidelines are almost similar and good basis for evidence-based treatment of this disorder.
Vote de la diaspora et ethnicité au Kenya
Authors: Whitaker Beth Elise , Inyanji Salma
Published: August 2016

La majorité des gouvernements en Afrique a étendu le droit de vote aux ressortissants vivant à l’étranger, mais le comportement politique des diasporas est peu connu. À partir de l’exemple du Kenya, où la Constitution de 2010 a accordé le droit de vote à la diaspora, cet article interroge l’influence de l’ethnicité sur les préférences politiques des ressortissants kenyans à l’étranger. Sur la base de sondages d’opinion réalisés avant l’élection présidentielle de mars 2013, il montre que les Kenyans de la diaspora ont moins tendance à voter selon des critères ethniques que les électeurs basés au Kenya. Pour les partis politiques kenyans, la diaspora ne représente pas une base électorale solide pour construire des coalitions politiques ethniques.
L’engagement politique de la diaspora ghanéenne aux Pays-Bas
Authors: Boatemaa Setrana Mary , Owusu Kyei Justice Richard Kwabena
Published: August 2016

Les auteurs analysent la genèse des sections extérieures des partis politiques ghanéens aux Pays-Bas, et la façon dont leurs membres mènent une vie politique transnationale entre pays d’accueil et pays d’origine. L’étude confirme que l’engagement politique transnational n’entre pas en concurrence, mais complète plutôt l’intégration politique dans le pays d’accueil. En dépit de la participation politique active des immigrés ghanéens à Amsterdam, leur représentation politique reste faible à la fois dans le pays d’accueil et dans le pays d’origine.
Pursuing Improvement in Clinical Reasoning: Development of the Clinical Coaching Interactions Inventory
Authors: Jessee Mary Ann , Tanner Christine A.
Published: August 2016

Background:

Clinical coaching has been identified as a signature pedagogy in nursing education. Recent findings indicate that clinical coaching interactions in the clinical learning environment fail to engage students in the higher order thinking skills believed to promote clinical reasoning.

Method:

The Clinical Coaching Interactions Inventory (CCII) was based on evidence of supervisor questioning techniques, the Tanner clinical judgment model, Bloom's Taxonomy, and simulation evaluation tools. Content validity was established with expert assessment, student testing for clarity, and calculation of scale–content validity index/average (S-CVI/Ave). Reliability was established with Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20).

Results:

CVI (S-CVI/Ave) was .91, and KR-20 was .70. The CCII identified differences in clinical coaching behaviors in university faculty supervisors and staff nurse preceptor supervisors.

Conclusion:

The CCII advances the measurement of clinical coaching interactions from qualitative to quantitative. Ultimately, results from use of this inventory may facilitate the design of prelicensure clinical coaching strategies that promote the improvement of students' clinical reasoning skill. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(9):495–504.]
Seeing Students Squirm: Nursing Students' Experiences of Bullying Behaviors During Clinical Rotations
Authors: Smith Carolyn R. , Gillespie Gordon Lee , Brown Kathryn C. , Grubb Paula L.
Published: August 2016

Background:

Bullying remains a troubling problem in the nursing profession. Nursing students may encounter bullying behavior in clinical settings. However, they may not be adequately prepared to recognize and handle bullying behavior when it occurs. This study's purpose was to gain a greater understanding of nursing students' experiences of bullying behaviors in the clinical setting.

Method:

Using a descriptive qualitative approach, eight focus groups were held with 56 undergraduate baccalaureate nursing students from four college campuses. Focus group data were coded and analyzed for themes.

Results:

Four categories were identified: Bullying Behaviors, Rationale for Bullying, Response to Bullying, and Recommendations to Address Bullying. Each category and its corresponding themes are presented.

Conclusion:

Interventions for nurse educators to address the bullying of nursing students in clinical settings are presented. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(9):505–513.]
Enhancing Critical Thinking in Graduate Nursing Online Asynchronous Discussions
Authors: Novotny Nancy L. , Stapleton Stephen J. , Hardy Elaine C.
Published: August 2016

Background:

Graduate nursing students in online courses often have limited success in developing the critical thinking (CT) skills essential for advanced roles. This study describes the use of complementary strategies in a graduate-level nursing course to enhance CT in online discussions.

Method:

Using Paul and Elder's framework for understanding the components of CT, the authors designed an asynchronous online course using multiple strategies to promote CT. We used mixed methods to collect descriptive and numerical data and content and repeated measures analyses to identify changes in CT skills and student perceptions across the semester.

Results:

CT scores increased significantly and aligned with students' perceived improvements in CT.

Conclusion:

Evidence of CT in online discussions increased significantly across the semester with the use of multiple instructional strategies and substantial student and faculty efforts. The findings are a useful benchmark for future studies comparing combinations of strategies to identify those most effective and least arduous. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(9):514–521.]
Self-Reflection of Video-Recorded High-Fidelity Simulations and Development of Clinical Judgment
Authors: Bussard Michelle E.
Published: August 2016

Background:

Nurse educators are increasingly using high-fidelity simulators to improve prelicensure nursing students' ability to develop clinical judgment. Traditionally, oral debriefing sessions have immediately followed the simulation scenarios as a method for students to connect theory to practice and therefore develop clinical judgment. Recently, video recording of the simulation scenarios is being incorporated.

Method:

This qualitative, interpretive description study was conducted to identify whether self-reflection on video-recorded high-fidelity simulation (HFS) scenarios helped prelicensure nursing students to develop clinical judgment. Tanner's clinical judgment model was the framework for this study.

Results:

Four themes emerged from this study: Confidence, Communication, Decision Making, and Change in Clinical Practice.

Conclusion:

This study indicated that self-reflection of video-recorded HFS scenarios is beneficial for prelicensure nursing students to develop clinical judgment. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(9):522–527.]
PsyConnect: Constructing Layered Engagement for Optimal Learning in Clinical Education
Authors: McKinney Selina H. , Tavakoli Abbas , Herman JoAnne
Published: August 2016

Background:

The increasing volume of nursing students placed in shrinking numbers of clinical sites has resulted in clinical overcrowding in behavioral care settings. Overcrowding has resulted in the deterioration of the clinical teaching and learning experience for students, faculty, and nurses. PsyConnect is a layered, multiplatform engagement learning experience that uses multiple teaching methods to increase student engagement, reduce inpatient overcrowding, maximize learning opportunities, and improve teaching and learning experiences.

Method:

PsyConnect was implemented in a baccalaureate mental health nursing course during one term. Investigators surveyed students, faculty, and nurses who attended campus simulation. Data analysis included measures of central tendency and Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results:

Setting rotations, clinical checklists, off-unit learning modules, and simulation with staff nurses improved educational experiences, as reported by students, faculty, and participating nurses.

Conclusion:

The PsyConnect evaluation suggested that layered, multiplatform, engagement-based learning addressed critical barriers to high-quality, clinical education. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(9):541–543.]
Intracranial Migration of Silicone Delaying Life Saving Surgical Management: A Mimicker of Hemorrhage
Authors: Sarohia Dani , Javan Ramin , Aziz Salim
Published: August 2016

We present a case in which intraocular silicone injection for complex retinal detachment resulted in migration and distribution of silicone along the intracranial visual pathway, and ultimately throughout the ventricular system. Misinterpretation of this material as intracranial hemorrhage on outside computed tomography imaging delayed emergent repair of a Type A aortic dissection until the diagnosis was made on repeat imaging. A discussion of this case and salient computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of silicone is provided.
Adult pancreatoblastoma - Case report and review of literature
Authors: Vilaverde Filipa , Scigliano Horácio , Rodrigues Pedro , Carvalho Ana , Reis Alcinda
Published: August 2016

Most cases of pancreatoblastoma, a rare malignant epithelial tumor of the pancreas, are seen in the pediatric population. The rarity of pancreatoblastoma, the similar radiologic findings to those seen in other pancreatic lesions, and its histopathologic heterogeneity, make its preoperative diagnosis in adults a real challenge. We report ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging correlative findings of a histologically proven pancreatoblastoma in a 37-year-old woman. Pancreatoblastoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a pancreatic mass presenting uncommon imaging features.
Design of New Microstrip Multiband Fractal Antennas
Authors: Benyetho Taoufik , El Abdellaoui Larbi , Tajmouati Abdelali , Tribak Abdelwahed , Latrach Mohamed
Published: August 2016

This chapter presents two new microstrip multiband antennas based on fractal geometry. The purpose is to study the behaviour of structures when applying a fractal aspect. The first antenna is designed and optimized by using Sierpinski triangle technique, it's validated in tne ISM “Industrial Scientific and Medical” band at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz bands which was designed to be suitable for wireless power transmission use, while the second proposed antenna structure is based on the hexagonal geometry, it's validated and tested for DCS (Digital Cellular System) at 1.8 GHz, for 2.45 GHz and for 5.8 GHz, as an example of application wireless mobile system is an application field.
Beamforming for Relay Assisted MIMO
Authors: Saand Abdul Sattar , Jeoti Varun , Saad Mohamad Naufal Mohamad
Published: August 2016

In cellular wireless communication systems, the current and future networks are promising to provide multimedia services at the cell edges and beyond the cell boundaries efficiently and cost effectively. The relay assisted MIMO networks have got much attraction to meet the requirements by providing high capacity, link reliability and high quality of service. The performance of the relay assisted networks is maximized by making the use of beamforming design at the relay nodes. This chapter describes the recent developments in relay beamforming design for Amplify-and-Forward (AF) relay networks and introduces a new beamforming scheme to improve the network performance in terms of ergodic capacity. The chapter contributes in introduction to basic MIMO channel, various relaying strategies and introduction to relay assisted network topologies. It is followed by critical literature review on AF beamforming techniques. This leads towards the novel and efficient relay beamforming design, its performance evaluation and validity by comparing with various available beamforming techniques.
Cyber-Physical Systems in Vehicular Communications
Authors: Mehmood Amjad , Ahmed Syed Hassan , Sarkar Mahasweta
Published: August 2016

Like the other emerging technologies such as computer evolution and embedded machines, the Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have also gained much attention from various manufactures and academia. Moreover, we have several on board sensors installed inside the vehicles, responsible for sensing different activities within the vehicle and surrounding such as temperature, intruder detection and so on. Recently, those sensors/actuator systems became responsive to the physical world by enabling real time control emanating from conventional embedded systems, thus emerging a new research paradigm named Cyber-Physical System (CPS). Likewise, other applications for CPS, we have Vehicular Cyber-Physical System (VCPS) that is not a new concept. For now, VCPS may refer to a wide range of transportation management system that is integrated strongly and should be highly accurate, real-time, and efficient. This chapter provides readers with the details of the term “VCPS” followed by the historical overview of this new emerging field including research challenges and future aspects of the VCPS.
Mincle Signaling Promotes Con A Hepatitis
Authors: Greco Stephanie H. , Torres-Hernandez Alejandro , Kalabin Aleksandr , Whiteman Clint , Rokosh Rae , Ravirala Sushma , Ochi Atsuo , Gutierrez Johana , Salyana Muhammad Atif , Mani Vishnu R. , Nagaraj Savitha V. , Deutsch Michael , Seifert Lena , Daley Donnele , Barilla Rocky , Hundeyin Mautin , Nikifrov Yuriy , Tejada Karla , Gelb Bruce E. , Katz Steven C. , Miller George
Published: August 2016

Con A hepatitis is regarded as a T cell–mediated model of acute liver injury. Mincle is a C-type lectin receptor that is critical in the immune response to mycobacteria and fungi but does not have a well-defined role in preclinical models of non-pathogen–mediated inflammation. Because Mincle can ligate the cell death ligand SAP130, we postulated that Mincle signaling drives intrahepatic inflammation and liver injury in Con A hepatitis. Acute liver injury was assessed in the murine Con A hepatitis model using C57BL/6, Mincle−/−, and Dectin-1−/− mice. The role of C/EBPβ and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) signaling was assessed using selective inhibitors. We found that Mincle was highly expressed in hepatic innate inflammatory cells and endothelial cells in both mice and humans. Furthermore, sterile Mincle ligands and Mincle signaling intermediates were increased in the murine liver in Con A hepatitis. Most significantly, Mincle deletion or blockade protected against Con A hepatitis, whereas Mincle ligation exacerbated disease. Bone marrow chimeric and adoptive transfer experiments suggested that Mincle signaling in infiltrating myeloid cells dictates disease phenotype. Conversely, signaling via other C-type lectin receptors did not alter disease course. Mechanistically, we found that Mincle blockade decreased the NF-κβ–related signaling intermediates C/EBPβ and HIF-1α, both of which are necessary in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses. Accordingly, Mincle deletion lowered production of nitrites in Con A hepatitis and inhibition of both C/EBPβ and HIF-1α reduced the severity of liver disease. Our work implicates a novel innate immune driver of Con A hepatitis and, more broadly, suggests a potential role for Mincle in diseases governed by sterile inflammation.
Outcome of Candida parapsilosis complex infections treated with caspofungin in children
Authors: Devrim İlker , İşgüder Rana , Ağın Hasan , Bayram Nuri , Ceylan Gökhan , Ayhan Yüce , Saraç Sandal Özlem , Sarı Ferhat , Kara Ahu , Düzgöl Mine
Published: August 2016

Background: We aimed to evaluate the correlation of caspofungin E-tests with the prognosis and response to caspofungin therapy of Candida parapsilosis complex bloodstream infections in children hospitalized in pediatric intensive care unit.Methods: All children who had C.parapsilosis complex bloodstream infections and who were treated with caspofungin were included in this retrospective study. For each patient, the following parameters, including all consecutive blood and central venous catheter (CVC) cultures, duration between diagnosis and CVC removal, mortality rate, relapses of the C.parapsilosis complex infections as well as the demographic features, were recorded.Results: The study covered 53 patients with a median age of 11 months. The median duration of C.parapsilosis complex isolation was 31 days. The CVC rescue rate was 33.3% under caspofungin treatment. In 92.4% of the patients, the negative culture was achieved within a median duration of 14 days. The rate of relapses was 18.9%. The overall mortality rate was %37.7 (20 patients) and 30-days mortality rate was 7.5% (4 patients).Conclusions: Caspofungin is an attractive option due to its effects on biofilms in vivo, while the reflection of its affect on C.parapsilosis complex was limited in our study, but it should not be underestimated in children who strongly need the presence of central venous catheters. Moreover, in vivo susceptibility might not always guarantee good clinical response in clinical practice. The clinicians should weigh their priority for their patients and choose the optimal antifungal therapy for C.parapsilosis complex infections in children.
Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in hematological malignancies: a systematic review of efficacy, effectiveness and safety
Authors: La Torre Giuseppe
Published: August 2016

Background The risk of getting influenza and pneumococcal disease is higher in cancer patients and serum antibody levels tend to be lower in patients with hematological malignancy.Objective To asses flu and pneumococcal vaccinations efficacy, effectiveness and safety in onco-hematological patients.Methods Two systematic reviews and possible meta-analysis were conducted to summarize the results of all primary study in scientific literature about flu and pneumococcal vaccine in onco-hematological patients. Literature searches were performed using Pub-Med and Scopus databases. StatsDirect 2.8.0 was used for the analysis.Results 23 and 26 studies were collected respectively for flu and pneumococcal vaccinations. Protection rate of booster dose was 30% (95% CI = 6.2- 61%) for H1N1. Pooled prevalence protection rate of H3N2 and B was available for meta-analysis only for first dose, 42.6% (95% CI = 23.2 – 63.3 %) and 39.6 % (95% CI = 26%- 54.1%) for H3N2 and B, respectively.Response rate of booster dose resulted 35% (95% CI = 19.7-51.2%) for H1N1, 23% (95% CI = 16.6-31.5%) for H3N2, 29% (95% CI = 21.3- 37%) for B.Conclusion Despite low rate of response, flu and pneumococcal vaccines are worthwhile for patients with hematological malignancies. Patients undergoing chemotherapy in particular rituximab, splenectomy, transplant recipient had lower and impaired response. No serious adverse events were reported for both vaccines.
Mindful awareness in early childhood education
Authors: Nieminen Suvi H. , Sajaniemi Nina
Published: August 2016

This study is a literature review, drawing mainly on the nine significant and good quality studies (i.e. published in peer-reviewed journals) that make up the evidence base for mindful awareness practices in early childhood. Mindful awareness practices in this context means an individual’s awareness of her own body and her inner emotions or tensions. Increased awareness can decrease if individuals tend to impulsiveness or excessive stress. Self-regulation and mindful awareness skills are associated not only with stress regulation but also peer relationships and social skills. This systematic review attempts to look at the research of mindful awareness activities, programmes or interventions used as routine everyday activities. The second aim of this review is to examine the research design that has been used. The third aim of this study is to analyse the main themes and methods of these pieces of research.
Over-the-scope clip
Authors: Dhandhu Bhanwar Singh , Narayan Kumar Shwetanshu , Sultania Surinder , Nijhawan Sandeep
Published: August 2016

The endoscopic clips were first described by Hayashi in Japan in 1975. Since then, many different types of clips have been introduced to the gastroenterology practice. Over-the-scope clip (OTSC) or the “beer claw” was introduced in the year 2010. It works on the principle of dynamic compression and is applied over the scope like a band ligator. OTSC is a new endoscopic modality which can be used in acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage, iatrogenic perforation, anastomotic leak, and chronic fistula treatment with fairly good success rate and therefore, is now being considered as an alternative to surgery, especially in situations where surgery is not feasible.
Retrograde jejunogastric intussusception; varied clinical and endoscopic presentation: A cases series
Authors: Shah Nisar Ahmad , Shah Asif Iqbal , Khan Bilal Ahmad , Kadla Showkat Ahmad , Parveen Shaheena , Lone Shaheen Nazir , Nadeem Mir
Published: August 2016

Retrograde jejunogastric intussusception is a rare complication of gastric surgery. Approximately 250 cases have been reported till now. It has varied clinical and endoscopic presentations. Since gastrojejunostomy with vagotomy are on a declining trend, it is extremely rare to come across such a complication. The condition can be acute and life threatening or chronic and disabling. We report four such cases with different endoscopic and clinical presentations.
Application of particle swarm optimization for gravity inversion of 2.5-D sedimentary basins using variable density contrast
Authors: Singh Kunal Kishore , Singh Upendra Kumar
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a global optimization technique that works similarly to swarms of birds searching for food. A Matlab code in PSO algorithm is developed to estimate the depth to the bottom of a 2.5-D sedimentary basin and coefficients of regional background from observed gravity anomalies. The density contrast within the source is assumed to be varying parabolically with depth. Initially, the PSO algorithm is applied on synthetic data with and without some Gaussian noise and its validity is tested by calculating the depth of the Gediz Graben, Western Anatolia and Godavari sub-basin, India. The Gediz Graben consists of Neogen sediments and the metamorphic complex forms the basement of the Graben. A thick uninterrupted sequence of Permian-Triassic and partly Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments forms the Godavari sub-basin. The PSO results are better than the results obtained by Marquardt method and the results are well correlated with borehole information.