bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Episcopado, Iglesia y papado en tiempos del emperador Carlos V: una aproximación a partir de los escritos y la trayectoria de Juan Bernal Díaz de Luco (1495-1556)
Authors: Rizzuto Claudio César
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo analiza las discusiones sobre las relaciones entre episcopado y papado en tiempos del emperador Carlos V, a partir de la figura de Juan Bernal Díaz de Luco (1495-1556). El inicio de la reforma protestante profundizó una serie de debates en el interior del catolicismo respecto del papel de los obispos y las posibilidades de intervención papal sobre los mismos. En este contexto de difícil definición, los escritos y la trayectoria de Díaz de Luco muestran una recurrente insistencia del poder episcopal en materia pastoral y de reforma eclesiástica, que chocó en varias ocasiones con cuestiones relativas a la de primacía papal. De esta manera, se considerará la complejidad de las posiciones eclesiásticas a mediados del siglo XVI.
apelación a la nación en una celebración regia del siglo XVII: la entrada de Mariana de Austria en Madrid (1649)
Authors: Ballester Rodríguez Mateo
Published: July 2023

En los estudios sobre la proyección de valores en las celebraciones públicas de la Monarquía de los Austrias, el énfasis se ha puesto en las dimensiones monárquica, religiosa o nobiliaria; apenas se ha analizado que en estas celebraciones también se podía proyectar una idea nacional, vinculada a España. La existencia de identidades nacionales en la Edad Moderna es de hecho a menudo negada, o su alcance intensamente minimizado. El presente artículo se centra en la celebración de la entrada en Madrid el 15 de noviembre de 1649 de Mariana de Austria, tras sus esponsales con Felipe IV. Los mensajes iconográficos y textuales que se despliegan en este festejo ilustran cómo las celebraciones públicas de la Monarquía podían incorporar una intensa apelación a la nación. El que estas celebraciones se concibiesen de cara a un masivo público espectador supone además un poderoso indicio de que el sentimiento nacional no estaba restringido a las elites. Refuerza esta percepción el estudio de las relaciones y otros textos que se escribieron en esas fechas sobre la celebración, que muestran que la mentalidad nacional era compartida por sus autores, y que presentan a un público también identificado con los valores proyectados.
FIRST RECORD OF DIOPATRA CLAPAREDII GRUBE, 1878 (ONUPHIDAE, POLYCHAETA) FROM INDONESIAN WATERS, WITH SOME NOTES ON ITS ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
Authors: Pamungkas Joko , Atang Atang , Wibowo Eko Setio
Published: July 2023

Diopatra claparedii Grube, 1878, is a common polychaete species that occurs in Southeast Asian countries, including Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and the Philippines. However, the occurrence of this species in Indonesia has never been recorded. In the present study, we identified the presence of D. claparedii in the eastern part of the Segara Anakan Lagoon in Cilacap, Central Java Province. Thespecies is characterized as having distinct pectinate chaetae with funnel-like combs. The worms, like in some other Asian countries, are commercially exploited for use as fishing bait. The distributional map of this species is provided in this article.
Trace Detection Method for Tetramine in Drinking Water by Atmospheric Pressure Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Duan Hejun , Feng Yixing , Niu Yumin
Published: July 2023

This study reports a trace detection method for tetramine in drinking water using atmospheric pressure gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (APGC-MS/MS). After dilution with acetone, the drinking water samples were directly measured using APGC-MS/MS. Separation of tetramine was achieved using a DB-5MS weak polar column (30 m × 0.25 mm, 0.25 μm) and detected with APGC ionization source in positive ion mode. Cone gas and auxiliary flow rates were optimized to 250 L/h and 350 L/h, respectively. Quantitative and qualitative analysis was conducted by monitoring two molecular ions of the target compound (m/z 121.6 and m/z 92.6) under multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM). The linear relationship between tetramine and its concentration was good in the range of 5-100 ng/L, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999. The detection limit of the method was 0.3 ng/mL and the quantification limit was 1.0 ng/mL. The recovery of the samples was approximately 80.63% to 86.84%, with an intra-day RSD of 1.2% to 3.5% and an inter-day RSD of 2.9% to 4.9%, which met the requirements for trace detection. This method is simple, fast and highly sensitive and it is suitable for the trace detection of tetramine in drinking water.
Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Activity and Molecular Docking Studies of Phthalic Acid based Macrocyclic Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Gulia Rajrani , Sangwan Vikas , Singh Anshul , Kharb Sonaxi , Solanki Ritu
Published: July 2023

A novel series of macrocyclic complexes of [M(L)Cl2] (M = Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II), L = macrocyclic ligand) were synthesized by template condensation method using 3,4-diaminotoluene and phthalic acid in the presence of divalent transition metal ions e.g., Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) in their chloride form. These synthesized metal complexes were fully characterized by spectroscopic techniques, namely UV-Visible, IR, ESR and ESI-MS. Their thermal behaviour was determined by TGA and DTA. Further these macrocyclic complexes were screened for antimicrobial activity against bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and fungi (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans) and then compared against standard drug streptomycin and itraconazole, respectively. In addition to these the antioxidant activity of the macrocyclic complexes were also investigated through scavenging effect on the DPPH radicals. Finally, the biological potency of synthesized compounds was evaluated using Auto Dock Vina. All the synthesized macrocyclic complexes were found to be potent against bacterial and fungal species, which suggest their potential application as antibacterial and antifungal agents.
Removal of Lead Ions from Aqueous Solution using Zirconium Dioxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Nguyen Tan Tai
Published: July 2023

This study demonstrated the feasibility of using zirconium dioxide nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs) synthesixed using a hydrothermal technique for the removal of lead in aqueous solution. The physico-chemical characterization illustrated that the synthesized ZrO2 NPs have a non-uniform shape with an average size of 15 nm, surface area of 41.56 m2 g-1 and adsorption pore width of 3.06 nm. These findings revealed the potential use of ZrO2 NPs for chelating lead ions. The maximum lead adsorption capacity of ZrO2 NPs was obtained around 4.12 mg g-1 at adsorption conditions i.e., stirring speed of 200 rpm and contact time of 120 min. Thus, this method provides a number of advantages, including an efficient and cost-effective method for the removal of lead using ZrO2 NPs.
Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Indonesian version of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Rheumatology Module (PedsQL-RM) questionnaire for children with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Ilmana Ganda , Munasir Zakiudin , Chozie Novie Amelia , Medise Bernie Endyarni
Published: July 2023

Background Quality of life is an important outcome in the management of children with chronic conditions such as rheumatic diseases. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Rheumatology Module (PedsQL-RM) questionnaire has been proven valid and reliable, but a validated Indonesian version of the questionnaire is not yet available.

Objective To translate the PedsQL-RM into the Indonesian language, perform a transcultural adaptation, and assess its validity.

Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in patients aged 2 to 18 years with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. The initial phase of the study consisted of forward translation from the original English version into Indonesian, synthesis by experts, backward translation, and cognitive debriefing, resulting in the final version of the questionnaire. The second phase was testing the final questionnaire on patients in each age group and their parents. Tests were carried out in two sessions with an interval of 2 to 4 weeks. The questionnaire consisted of a child report and a parent report, each measuring five dimensions: pain and hurt, activities, treatment, worry, and communication. We subsequently assessed validity and reliability of each dimension in the child and parent reports for the child and teen age groups. Validity was expressed as correlation coefficient (r) between dimension scores with the total score.

Results The finalized Indonesian questionnaire was completed by 53 children aged 2-18 years with SLE or JIA and their parents. Due to small numbers of subjects in the younger age ranges, analysis was only performed in the 8-to-18-year age group. Validity varied from good to very good (r = 0.437 to 0.910) for the child report and from poor to good (r = 0.153 to 0.808) for the parent report. The questionnaire was deemed reliable, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.755 to 0.785.

Conclusion The Indonesian version of the PedsQL-RM is valid and reliable for assessing quality of life in children aged 8 to 18 years with rheumatologic disease. Further study is needed to assess the validity and reliability of the tool for children aged 2 to 7 years.
Differences in induction phase outcomes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia between well-nourished and malnourished pediatric patients
Authors: Simarmata Meilani Puspasari , Rosdiana Nelly , Wahyuni Arlinda Sari
Published: July 2023

Background Leukemia is the most common malignancy in childhood. Malnutrition is the main nutritional disorder occurring in children with cancer. Nutritional supportive care is a medical modality that has been associated with improved tolerance to chemotherapy, survival, and quality of life, as well as decreased risk of infection in children undergoing cancer therapy.

Objective To examine differences in induction phase outcomes in well-nourished and malnourished pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients.

Methods This prospective study was conducted in newly-diagnosed ALL patients aged 1 to 18 years who underwent induction phase chemotherapy at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera. Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) was used to determine nutritional status. Patient characteristics such as complete blood count (CBC) at the time of diagnosis, occurrence of febrile neutropenia, duration of induction, length of hospital stay, and remission status were collected. We analyzed differences in CBC, frequency of febrile neutropenia, as well as duration of induction and hospital stay between well-nourished and malnourished patients. We also assessed the difference in remission attainment between the two groups.

Results There were 21 subjects in each group. Compared to well-nourished subjects, malnourished ones had a higher median incidence of febrile neutropenia [1 (range 0 to 30) vs. 3 (range 0 to 4); P=0.04], longer mean induction duration [64.2 (SD 11.5) vs. 71.2 (SD 10.6) days; P=0.046], and longer median hospital stay [30 (range 19 to 56) vs. 36 (range 22 to 49) days; P=0.001] compared to well-nourished subjects. There was no significant difference in CBC parameters and remission status after induction between the two groups.

Conclusion Malnourished pediatric ALL patients had a significantly higher incidence of febrile neutropenia, duration of induction phase, and duration of hospital stay compared to well-nourished ALL patients.
Effects of lung recruitment maneuvers using mechanical ventilator on preterm hemodynamics
Authors: Perma Iskandar Adhi Teguh , Kautsar Ahmad , Rahmadhany Anisa , Kaban Risma Kerina , Supriyatno Bambang , Prihartono Joedo , Santoso Dewi I. , Yuniarti Tetty , Advani Najib , Djer Mulyadi M. , Sutjipto Fiolita I.
Published: July 2023

Background Lung recruitment maneuvers (LRMs) are a strategy to gradually increase mean positive airway pressure (MAP) to expand the alveoli, leading to decreased pulmonary vascular resistance and increased cardiac output (CO). However, the hemodynamic impact of LRM using assist control volume guarantee (AC-VG) ventilator mode done in preterm infants born at 24 to 32 weeks’ gestation, especially in the first 72 hours of life, remains unknown.

Objective To determine the effect of LRM on right- and left cardiac ventricular output (RVO and LVO), ductus arteriosus (DA) diameter and its pulmonary hypertension (PH) flow pattern, as well as superior mesenteric artery (SMA) flow.

Method This randomized, controlled, single-blinded clinical trial was performed in 24-32-week preterm neonates with birth weights of >600 grams. Subjects were allocated by block randomization to the LRM and control groups, each containing 55 subjects. We measured RVO, LVO, DA diameter, PH flow pattern, and SMA resistive index (RI) at 1 and 72 hours after mechanical ventilation was applied. We analyzed for hemodynamic differences between the two groups.

Results During the initial 72 hours of mechanical ventilation, there were no significant differences between the control vs. LRM groups in mean changes of LVO [41.40 (SD 91.21) vs. 15.65 (SD 82.39) mL/kg/min, respectively; (P=0.138)] or mean changes of RVO [65.56 (SD 151.20) vs. 70.59 (SD 133.95) mL/kg/min, respectively; (P=0.859)]. Median DA diameter reduction was -0.08 [interquartile range (IQR) -0.55; 0.14] mm in the  control group and -0.10 (IQR -0.17 to -0.01) mm in the LRM group (P=0.481). Median SMA resistive index was 0.02 (IQR -0.16 to 0.24) vs. 0.01(IQR -0.20 to 0.10) in the control vs. LRM group, respectively. There was no difference in proportion of pulmonary hypertension flow pattern at 72 hours (25.4% vs. 20% in the control vs. LRM group, respectively) (P=0.495).

Conclusion When preterm infants of 24-32 weeks gestational age are placed on mechanical ventilation, LRM gives neither additional hemodynamic benefit nor harm compared to standard ventilator settings.
Postendoscopy Care for Patients Presenting With Esophageal Food Bolus Impaction: A Population-Based Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Guo Howard , Hamilton Patrick , Enns Edwin , Gupta Milli , Andrews Christopher N. , Nasser Yasmin , Bredenoord Albert J. , Dellon Evan S. , Ma Christopher
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Esophageal food bolus impactions (FBI) are a common gastrointestinal emergency. Appropriate management includes not only index endoscopy for disimpaction but also medical follow-up and treatment for the underlying esophageal pathology. We evaluated the appropriateness of postendoscopy care for patients with FBI and assessed patient-related, physician-related, and system-related factors that may contribute to loss to follow-up.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective, population-based, multicenter cohort study of all adult patients undergoing endoscopy for FBI in the Calgary Health Zone, Canada, from 2016 to 2018. Appropriate postendoscopy care was defined by a composite of a clinical or endoscopic follow-up visit, appropriate investigations (e.g., manometry), or therapy (e.g., proton-pump inhibitors or endoscopic dilation). Predictors of inappropriate care were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS:

A total of 519 patients underwent endoscopy for FBI: 25.2% (131/519) did not receive appropriate postendoscopy care. Half of the patients (55.3%, 287/519) underwent follow-up endoscopy or attended clinic, and among this group, 22.3% (64/287) had a change in their initial diagnosis after follow-up, including 3 new cases of esophageal cancer. Patients in whom a suspected underlying esophageal pathology was not identified at the index endoscopy were 7-fold (adjusted odds ratio 7.28, 95% confidence interval 4.49–11.78, P < 0.001) more likely to receive inappropriate postendoscopy follow-up and treatment, even after adjusting for age, sex, rural residence, timing of endoscopy, weekend presentation, and endoscopic interventions.

DISCUSSION:

One-quarter of patients presenting with an FBI do not receive appropriate postendoscopy care. This is strongly associated with failure to identify a potential underlying pathology at index presentation.
Regionale Identität
Authors: Ipsen Detlev
Published: July 2023

Regionale Identität wird häufig als eine Voraussetzung regionaler Entwicklung betrachtet. Die Aktivierung endogener Potentiale, die Organisation einer eigenständigen Regionalentwicklung oder die Verbesserung regionaler Wettbewerbsvorteile werden damit an einen sozialpsychologischen und kulturellen Faktor angebunden. Der Beitrag diskutiert die sozialpsychologischen und historischen Voraussetzungen Regionaler Identität. Er zeigt, daß in der kausalen Beziehung Identität nicht nur mögliche Ursache, sondern auch Folge von räumlichen Entwicklungen und ihren Raumbildern ist, und weist daraufhin, daß Identität keineswegs nur positiv zu bewerten ist. Die Identität des Einen bedeutet häufig die Ausgrenzung des Anderen.
Qualitative Stadtentwicklungsplanung unter neuen Anforderungen
Authors: Börstinghaus Wolfgang , Schroeders Peter
Published: July 2023

Daß Stadtentwicklungsplanung immer schon veränderten Rahmenbedingungen und Anforderungen ausgesetzt war, zeigt der Vergleich von in der Vergangenheit zu diesem Thema erstellten Planwerken mit den tatsächlich eingetretenen Realitäten. Durch die Wiedervereinigung hat diese Unsicherheit eine zusätzliche Dimension und durch die aktuell negative Konjunkturentwicklung einen nicht gerade optimistischen Rahmen bekommen.Veränderte Anforderungen werden heute aber auch von Planern selbst an Entwicklungsplanung gestellt. Gerade vor dem Hintergrund der akuten Unübersichtlichkeit muß sie sich auf verschiedene mögliche Entwicklungsalternativen einstellen, kann nicht erst einen langen Planungszyklus abarbeiten und dann die Entwicklung auf sich zukommen lassen. Gerade jetzt sollte ein Plan nicht nur für das Bücherregal bestimmt sein. Stadtentwicklung will die Umsetzung mitdenken und angehen.Dazu wird diese Planung in Flensburg aktuell viel stärker als in der Vergangenheit als ein kommunikativer Prozeß organisiert, der in seinen Ansatz recht früh auch Akteure außerhalb der Verwaltung einzubinden sucht. Das Ziel, zu einer Kooperation zu kommen, soll in der Folge an konkreten Pilotprojekten quasi „erlernbar“ werden. Die vorhandenen Teilkonzepte zur Stadtentwicklung und Flächennutzungsplanung werden dabei selbst als Instrumente eingesetzt, indem bestimmte gewünschte Entwicklungsvorstellungen an private Kooperationspartner herangetragen und als Projekte konsequent angestoßen und angeschoben werden.Auf seiten der Verwaltung verschwimmt damit die klare Aufgaben- und Kompetenzunterscheidung von Stadtplanung und Stadtentwicklung, von Stadtentwicklungs- und Flächennutzungsplanung, von Planung, Moderation und Projektmanagement. Resultat ist ein komplexes Geflecht von Konzepten, Plänen und Projekten. Diese Tendenz wird in der aktuellen Diskussion um Stadtentwicklungsplanung als „Strategische Planung“ thematisiert, ein Ansatz, der sich noch stärker – und das ist nicht nur ein Nebeneffekt – an den vorhandenen Strukturen von Verwaltung reibt als die in der Vergangenheit schon nicht konfliktfreie Forderung nach interdisziplinärer, fach(ämter)übergreifender Planung und Problembearbeitung.
Die räumliche Planung auf regionaler Ebene in England
Authors: Römmer Corinna
Published: July 2023

Zur Zeit finden in England verstärkt Diskussionen bezüglich regionaler Planung bzw. Planung auf regionaler Ebene statt. Diese sind das Ergebnis von Entwicklungen innerhalb der EG und Problemen in England selbst, die sich in den letzten Jahren zunehmend verschärft haben. Zu nennen ist hier vor allem das starke Süd-Nord-Gefälle. Diesen Problemen und Entwicklungen steht in England ein Planungssystem gegenüber, welches die regionale Ebene der Planung seit der Regierungsübernahme der Konservativen im Jahre 1979 bewußt verleugnet.Obwohl die Notwendigkeit einer regionalen Planung mittlerweile von allen Parteien erkannt worden ist, bestehen hinsichtlich der Ausgestaltung und Durchführung sehr verschiedene Ansichten, weswegen Voraussagen über eine zukünftige Regionalplanung in England auch nur bedingt möglich sind.
Tracing the Development of the General Land Office’s “National Map”
Authors: Johnson Jenny Marie , Chrisman Nicholas R
Published: July 2023

From the foundation of the republic, the government of the United States promoted western expansion through the surveying and sales of the public domain. The agency responsible over most of this period, the General Land Office (GLO), produced maps of the progress of surveying and sales on an annual basis. This article reviews a notable series, from the first “connected” map (i.e., one showing all the public lands in a single view) in 1864 until the last in 1953. In each period, the national map produced by the agency reflects the concerns of the time, as it records the preparations for the sale of the public domain for settlement. In the first decades of the connected maps, the primary thematic elements documented the work of GLO in surveying what is now called the Public Land Survey System (PLSS). These maps evolved to include a treatment of “territorial acquisitions,” which eventually became the most prominent thematic element, while still including a representation of the PLSS grid. The series’ first depictions of territorial acquisitions included an exceptional error, one of several, indicating that the Oregon Country was part of the Louisiana Purchase. Commissioner Binger Hermann expounded his understanding of the United States’ territorial history in an eighty-seven page monograph, an unusual recognition of a cartographic error, which led to corrections. The long history of this map series provides material to understand the role of maps in the history of the country.
The literary portrayals of Ivan Mazepa in Byron’s Mazeppa and Pushkin’s Poltava. A comparative analysis
Authors: Krol Tatiana
Published: July 2023

This article provides a comparative analysis of Ivan Mazepa – the protagonist in the poems Mazeppa (1819) by George Gordon Byron and Poltava (1829) by Alexander Pushkin. It gives a brief outline of who Mazepa was to identify the reasons for this historical figure to have attracted the considerable attention of the Great Romantics. Deploying the theoretical method on recognition and the juxtaposition of differences of literary works within Reception theory developed by Mary N. Layoun, the article examines aspects of dissimilarity in the literary portrayals of the image of Mazepa in Byron’s and Pushkin’s poems. The juxtaposition of Mazeppa and Poltava explains ways in which details from Mazepa’s biography and exploits that inspired Byron’s creative imagination and kindled his desire to recount the story of Mazepa can be contrasted with Pushkin’s presentation of the same protagonist as generated by his own viewpoints on the political aspects surrounding the events of the Great Northern War, specifically the Battle of Poltava. The article applies Hans Robert Jauss’s concept of the horizon of expectations to examine the case of Pushkin’s reception of Byron. It argues that what underlies the nature of Pushkin’s disagreement with Byron is his emotional involvement with the subject matter.
Музыка в романе Евгения Водолазкина Брисбен
Authors: Kopac Tatiana
Published: July 2023

The author of the article examines the role of music in Evgeny Vodolazkin’s novel Brisbane, analyzing individual manifestations of the widely understood intermediacy. The musical code of the text is expressed in audibility of the sounds the world of the novel is filled with, and in musical ecphrasis (the profession of the protagonist, professional vocabulary and slang, references to musical compositions; descriptions of the world of music through the prism of the characters’ perception). These techniques perform plot and semantic functions, combine two equal plot plans, and constitute the image of the protagonist and other important characters. Fragments with musical ecphrasis have a vivid narrative, emotionally saturated (“moments of explosion”). The main emotional codes (or affects) find expression in the selection of musical compositions that assert the dramatic direction of the narrative. Music in the novel expresses the hero’s inner state, his relationship to the world, and symbolizes the metaphysical breakthrough experienced by the hero: from love and sound, to silence and eternity.
The semantics of the void in two novels: Gone with the dreams by Jurga Ivanauskaitė and Chapaev and Void by Victor Pelevin: from the perspective of contemporary Lithuanian literature
Authors: Peluritytė-Tikuišienė Audinga
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this article is to understand the reason for the popularity of books by the writer Victor Pelevin (b. 1962) in Lithuania. Pelevin’s internationally popular novel, Chapaev and Void (aka The clay machine-gun; Buddha’s little finger) (Russian, 1996; Lithuanian 1998, 2007; English, 2000) focusing on Buddhist issues, was published in Lithuanian twice; both editions were sold out. In this article, it will be compared with the novel Gone with the dreams (2000, 2007) by one of the most popular authors of contemporary Lithuanian literature, Jurga Ivanauskaitė (1961–2007). Both Pelevin and Ivanauskaitė are authors of the same generation who have experienced a similar atmosphere of the late Soviet period and reflected on the sensibilities of their generation in the contemporary world after the collapse of the Soviet Union; they both studied Tibetan Buddhism. The two novels chosen for comparative analysis are marked by the similarly emphasised Buddhist philosophical idea of void. The article reviews the development of the Oriental discourse in contemporary Lithuanian culture and literature before Jurga Ivanauskaitė started writing. The goal of this short analysis of novels by Ivanauskaitė and Pelevin is, first, to underscore the shared and relevant contents of this discourse. Secondly, it is to support the hypothesis that the Lithuanian orientalist discourse, next to other advantages of Pelevin’s work that are beyond the scope of this article, has become particularly relevant to Lithuanian readers precisely because of the most important Buddhist idea formulated especially attractively in the novel.
The stability of C-peptide and insulin in plasma and serum samples under different storage conditions
Authors: Nkuna Delhia X. , Khoza Siyabonga P. , George Jaya A. , Maphayi Mpho R.
Published: July 2023

Objectives

C-peptide and insulin are peptide hormones and their stability is affected by a number of pre-analytical factors. The study aimed to investigate the impact of sample type, storage temperature and time delays before centrifugation and analysis on the stability of C-peptide and insulin.

Methods

Ten healthy non-diabetic adults in fasting and non-fasting state were enrolled. 40 mL of blood was collected from each participant into SST and dipotassium EDTA tubes. Samples were centrifuged immediately or at timed intervals (8, 12, 48 and 72 h). After baseline measurements on the Roche Cobas e602 analyzer using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays, aliquots were stored at room temperature (RT), 2–8 and −20 °C for 4 h to 30 days. The percentage deviation (PD) from baseline was calculated and a change greater than desirable biological variation total error was considered clinically significant.

Results

C-peptide was more stable in separated serum than plasma (PD of −5 vs. −13 %) samples stored at 2–8 °C for 7 days and was most unstable at RT when centrifugation was delayed (PD −46 % in plasma and −74 % in serum after 48 h). Insulin was more stable in plasma than in serum under the different storage conditions with a minimum PD of −1% when stored at −20 °C for 30 days. When samples were kept unspun at RT for 72 h, PD was −23 and −80 % in plasma and serum, respectively.

Conclusions

C-peptide was more stable in serum provided the sample was centrifuged immediately and stored in the fridge or freezer while insulin was found to be more stable in EDTA plasma.
Understanding intercultural virtual exchange through a translanguaging lens in Chinese as a foreign language
Authors: Guo Zhiyan , Xu Xinyue
Published: July 2023

Virtual exchange refers to technology-enabled online communication between people who are geographically separated from each other. It has been increasingly adopted in education in the past two decades, especially since early 2020 when teachers and students were forced to move to an online mode of teaching and international exchange owing to the most recent pandemic. The current study is based on a nine-week virtual exchange project that took place between 22 students learning Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) from a British university and their partners from a Chinese university. The subjects conversed online with each other on self-directed topics on a weekly basis, and they completed their collaboration project for showcasing in the final week. From a translanguaging perspective, naturally occurring online conversations between intercultural interlocutors were investigated through the method of multimodal conversation analysis (MCA). The students leveraged a range of linguistic, semiotic and multimodal resources to navigate through communication with their partners. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the understanding of how translanguaging is embodied in virtual exchange interaction and how MCA can be applied to reveal the details present at the micro level of intercultural exchanges in the CFL context.
The dual index and dual core generalized inverse
Authors: Wang Hongxing , Gao Ju
Published: July 2023

In this article, we introduce the dual index and dual core generalized inverse (DCGI). By applying rank equation, generalized inverse, and matrix decomposition, we give several characterizations of the dual index when it is equal to 1. We realize that if DCGI exists, then it is unique. We derive a compact formula for DCGI and a series of equivalent characterizations of the existence of the inverse. It is worth noting that the dual index of

A

^

\widehat{A}

is equal to 1 if and only if its DCGI exists. When the dual index of

A

^

\widehat{A}

is equal to 1, we study dual Moore-Penrose generalized inverse (DMPGI) and dual group generalized inverse (DGGI) and consider the relationships among DCGI, DMPGI, DGGI, Moore-Penrose dual generalized inverse, and other dual generalized inverses. In addition, we consider symmetric dual matrix and its dual generalized inverses. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the application of DCGI in linear dual equations.
A NiII–WV(CN)8 layer magnet showing metamagnetic behavior
Authors: Akagi Shintaro , Wang Junhao , Imoto Kenta , Kumar Kunal , Ohkoshi Shin-ichi , Tokoro Hiroko
Published: July 2023

By crystal engineering of molecular magnets, unique magnetic functionalities can be intentionally designed. In this work, we synthesized a novel two-dimensional cyanido-bridged coordination network, [NiII(pz)4]{[NiII(pz)3][WV(CN)8]}2·3.5H2O (NiW, pz = pyrazole), which exhibits metamagnetic behavior. NiW has wavy coordination layers created by two differently sized molecular square ladders and exhibits strong intralayer ferromagnetic interactions. Nevertheless, due to the relatively short interlayer distance, NiW shows spontaneous antiferromagnetic ordering below a Néel temperature of 21 K. By applying an external magnetic field, such antiferromagnet can be converted into a ferromagnet with a coercive field of 600 Oe at 2 K, elucidating the metamagnetic behavior of NiW.
Effects of Carbonation and Saturation on the Leaching Characteristics of Recycled Concrete Aggregates
Authors: Mahedi Masrur , Cetin Bora
Published: July 2023

This study assessed the efficacy of water leach tests (WLTs) and pH-static leach tests in evaluating the leaching behavior of distinctly carbonated recycled concrete aggregates (RCA). The leaching of barium (Ba), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), magnesium (Mg), and sulfate (SO4) from seven RCA samples were studied. WLTs at several liquid-to-solid ratios (L/S) and pH-static leach tests were conducted to examine the effects of carbonation on the release of elements. In addition, a novel experimental approach was introduced to gauge the impact of moisture saturation on the leaching attributes of RCA. The saturation effect on the leaching potential was explored by inducing eight different matric suctions in laboratory-compacted RCA cores. Moreover, geochemical modeling was performed to evaluate the leaching mechanisms of the elements. Results showed that a carbonation-based leaching assessment of RCA could be premised on laboratory WLTs and pH-static leach tests. Ba and Ca leaching decreased while Cr and SO4 leaching increased with the RCA degree of carbonation. The L/S ratio could be used as a substitute for RCA carbonation. At a higher L/S ratio, fresher and aged RCA samples had similar leaching fingerprints. The pH-dependent leaching of the elements was regulated by the RCA degree of carbonation, especially in the alkaline pH range. Irrespective of carbonation level, geochemical modeling suggested solubility-controlled leaching mechanisms. The leaching of metals from RCA was a dynamic process, and the changes in matric suction and consequently saturation could diversely influence the leaching characteristics of RCA.
PrEP Persistence Support and Monitoring in Areas of High HIV Burden in the Midwestern United States
Authors: McNulty Moira C. , Kerman Jared , Devlin Samantha A. , Pyra Maria , Rusie Laura , Curoe Kate , Thompson Liz , Mason Joseph A. , Friedman Eleanor E. , Uvin A. Ziggy , Brown C Hendricks , Schneider John , Patel Rupa
Published: July 2023

Monitoring pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) metrics can guide service delivery yet does not occur routinely. We developed a survey to understand current practices for monitoring PrEP at PrEP-providing organizations in Illinois and Missouri. The survey was distributed from September through November 2020; 26 organizations participated. Most respondents indicated ongoing efforts to screen for PrEP eligibility (66.7%), link to care (87.5%), and retain clients in care (70.8%); 70.8% reported collecting data on PrEP initiation, 41.7% on retention in care, and 37.5% on missed visits. Barriers to monitoring PrEP metrics included lack of IT support (69.6%), manual processes (69.6%), and lack of staff resources (65.2%). Most respondents offered clients support for PrEP retention and adherence and wanted to expand interventions for PrEP persistence, yet fewer monitored corresponding metrics. To enhance PrEP implementation, organizations should improve monitoring and evaluation of PrEP metrics along the entire continuum and respond with appropriate services to support clients.
DISCURSOS DE/SOBRE AMÉRICA LATINA NAS AULAS DE LÍNGUA ESPANHOLA: “A HISTÓRIA QUE A HISTÓRIA NÃO CONTA”
Authors: Colaça Joyce Palha
Published: July 2023

Partindo das reflexões de Orlandi em Terra à vista e na continuidade de sua produção acerca dos discursos sobre os índios no Brasil, a proposta apresentada no texto em tela é compreender como tais discussões podem ocupar as aulas de língua espanhola no Brasil, promovendo como foco os conhecimentos sobre a América Latina produzidos por sujeitos deste espaço. Inscrito no campo teórico da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa na relação que estabelece com as questões sobre a língua e os saberes constituídos no Brasil, as análises sobre a forma como a invasão é significada e celebrada nos enunciados acerca do Día de la Hispanidad buscam compreender os processos de produção de sentidos que repetem as violências, físicas y simbólicas, pelas quais passaram os povos originários. Como forma de desconstruir os sentidos sobre um suposto lugar de destaque do colonizador são apresentados recortes de materiais produzidos no âmbito dos cursos de língua espanhola da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, que têm como objetivo possibilitar caminhar por outros espaços, outros discursos sobre a América Latina. A proposta é, por fim, considerar uma educação linguística de base discursiva, que possibilite a formação de professores e professoras de língua espanhola capazes de promoverem outros saberes em suas aulas.
A POTÊNCIA DO CORPO, SUAS LINGUAGENS, SUAS NARRATIVAS EM A FÚRIA DO CORPO DE JOÃO GILBERTO NOLL
Authors: Da Silva Almiro Francisca Gilmara , Da Silva Roniê Rodrigues
Published: July 2023

Este trabalho apresenta uma leitura do primeiro romance do autor João Gilberto Noll, A fúria do corpo (1981), a partir de associações com teorias que transitam entre a literatura, a sociologia e a filosofia, em específico com as ideias problematizadas pelos estudiosos franceses Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. No desenvolvimento do objetivo pretendido, considera-se, sobretudo, uma discussão sobre a representação do corpo, realizando conexões entre a perspectiva supracitada, a partir dos construtos teóricos de Corpo sem Órgãos e Rizoma, bem como proposições de Michel Foucault, Zygmunt Bauman (2005), Michel Maffesoli (2001), entre outros. No percurso da nossa leitura crítica destacamos como a linguagem na narrativa de Noll é composta pelos desenraizamentos e pelas subjetividades que constituem o sujeito humano na contemporaneidade.
DISCURSO EM JOGO: O GRITO DE VITÓRIA NO ACONTECIMENTO ESPORTIVO
Authors: Fernandes Weverton Ortiz
Published: July 2023

O presente estudo trata do grito de vitória comum no meio esportivo e na sociedade brasileira, com vistas a refletir a significação dessa celebração no acontecimento discursivo. A pesquisa se fundamenta nos procedimentos teórico-metodológicos da Análise de Discurso, fundada por Pêcheux (1969) na França e desenvolvida no Brasil por Eni Orlandi (1992, 2008, 2015, 2017). No desenvolvimento da análise, ficou compreendido que a formulação é campeão, cantada por diferentes torcidas (ou torcidas organizadas) do meio esportivo, não se limita às implicações e aos implícitos que giram em torno desse dizer. No decorrer da reflexão, colocamos em causa o funcionamento do verbo ser, ao perguntarmos pelos efeitos de sentidos que ultrapassam suas categorizações linguísticas.
LEITURAS DE PEDRO LEMEBEL SOBRE STONEWALL (OU ALGUMAS NOTAS SOBRE HOMOSSEXUALIDADE, CAPITALISMO E LATINIDADE)
Authors: Costa Junior José Veranildo Lopes da
Published: July 2023

Pedro Lemebel é um autor de destaque no âmbito das literaturas hispânicas, tendo sido tema de estudo em pesquisas (COSTA JUNIOR, 2020; HOSIASSON, 2019; LEAL, 2007) que se debruçam sobre questões acerca, principalmente, da performance literária e das discussões sobre memória e ditaduras. Além da publicação do romance Tengo miedo torero (2002), Lemebel firmou-se na crítica literária como um cronista de referência. Sua obra caracteriza-se por um tom extremamente ácido e irônico, discutindo questões como a desigualdade social, a violência de gênero e o autoritarismo latino-americano. Além disso, três temas parecem entrecruzar a obra do romancista chileno: a homossexualidade, a problematização econômica (capitalismo) e o fazer político. Neste artigo, propomos uma leitura da narrativa Crónicas de Nueva York - El Bar Stonewall, publicada no livro Loco afán (2009), com o objetivo de refletir sobre de que modo um autor homossexual nascido e criado no Sul do mundo promove uma crítica ao movimento gay norte-americano. Para tanto, centramos a análise da crônica nas categorias de capitalismo e latinidade a partir das contribuições dos estudos decoloniais, mas também de textos do próprio Lemebel, como o conhecido manifesto Hablo por mi diferencia (2002). Sinalizamos que, através do que podemos entender como uma postura decolonial, Pedro Lemebel propõe uma reflexão sobre a homossexualidade a partir do Sul do mundo, corroborando uma identidade sobre o gay latino-americano.
PASOS PERDIDOS Y PROMESAS RECUPERADAS PERSPECTIVAS DE LA CRÍTICA LATINOAMERICANA EN FRANÇOISE PERUS
Authors: Kozel Andrés
Published: July 2023

La contribución estudia aspectos de la obra de Franҫoise Perus, crítica literaria de origen francés radicada en América Latina desde hace más de medio siglo. La atención se focaliza especialmente en su reciente libro Transculturaciones en el aire, balance crítico-integrador publicado en 2019 en la colección “Lecturas Fundamentales” del Centro de Investigaciones sobre América Latina y el Caribe de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. En dicha obra Perus aborda una serie de núcleos problemáticos relevantes: el proyecto de una historia literaria y cultural de América Latina patrocinado por la UNESCO en la década de 1980; la noción de transculturación en las obras de Fernando Ortiz y Ángel Rama; la propuesta teórico-crítica de Antonio Cornejo Polar. Tales núcleos son comentados aquí, procurando poner de relieve la fuerte continuidad entre este por ahora último libro de Perus y sus aportes previos, así como algunas novedades de interés. La idea es ofrecer elementos para una adecuada comprensión de la propuesta teórico-crítica de Perus, que enfatiza la (problemática) especificidad de las elaboraciones literarias, así como la importancia de atender a cuestiones de poética y forma artística.
¿TESTIMONIO LATINOAMERICANO? UNA DISCUSIÓN
Authors: Battista Lo Bianco Lucía
Published: July 2023

Este artículo realiza una revisión sobre algunos aspectos de la crítica testimonial producida desde y sobre América Latina. Pone en discusión la idea de que el testimonio es un género “propiamente” latinoamericano. Para ello, realiza una revisión de algunas conceptualizaciones de los varios autores que defendieron esta postura crítica. En esta línea, además postula críticamente la idea de que el intelectual “letrado” le habilita la palabra al “subalterno” (Spivak, 1985); en conjunto con una lectura que interpreta como exclusivamente contenidista, situada en el período 1960-1980 en el cual se promovió el género. En efecto, se vale de posiciones críticas que en este sentido sostuvieron Jean Franco, Nelly Richard, Mabel Moraña y Hugo Achugar a fines de los años 90 y que, en resumidas cuentas, cuestionaron la reducción de lo latinoamericano al espacio de lo que puede conceptualizarse como experiencia-práctica-materia en contraposición a razón-teoría-discurso.
O golpe de 2022 no campo do discurso: palanque de enunciação e processo histórico
Authors: Fonseca Rodrigo Oliveira
Published: July 2023

O presente ensaio identifica a estrutura básica (ou "núcleo motor") dos enunciados narrativos de Jair Bolsonaro que apontam para a não realização de eleições em 2022. Em uma abordagem histórica e discursiva, investiga fatores sociais e textualidades que, não sendo realizadas na cadeia significante daqueles enunciados, configuram as próprias condições de produção desse discurso golpista. Chega-se ao entendimento de um jogo disjuntivo assimétrico entre enunciação e discurso, entre uma defesa de atitudes democráticas (palanque de enunciação) e um alerta/ameaça de ruptura inexorável no horizonte histórico (historicização), entre aquilo que o enunciador precisa dizer e aquilo que os interlocutores precisam entender.
DE SAUSSURE A BENVENISTE: VALOR DA LÍNGUA, DOS ANAGRAMAS E DO DISCURSO
Authors: Pilotto Figueiredo Camila
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo explicitar como o princípio do valor, em conjunto com o princípio da linearidade, se apresenta no corpus relativo aos estudos de linguística geral e na pesquisa de Saussure acerca dos anagramas. A partir daí, serão explicitados os desdobramentos desses princípios nos estudos benvenistianos acerca da arte e da literatura. Será evidenciado que o valor também está presente na esfera discursiva, contendo aspectos que o aproximam da noção de valor desenvolvida por Saussure nos anagramas. Tal relação permite o desenvolvimento de princípios próprios ao plano discursivo.
O GRANDE-SERTÃO SOB OS EFEITOS DO OUVIDO
Authors: Stevanin Augusto , Stawinski Aline Vargas
Published: July 2023

Neste ensaio a proposta é escutar o sertão roseano sob influência do aspecto fônico da língua, convocando os ouvidos dos leitores-escutadores a partir da matéria escrita que, nem por isso, deixa de provocar efeitos aurais. Veremos como a noção de escuta é compreendida e relacionada ao escritor Guimarães Rosa, assim como algumas manifestações de tal concepção em seu texto-diálogo pelo viés do aspecto fônico da língua (desde a linguística) e das “escritas de ouvido” (desde a literatura). A reflexão aqui empreendida tomará emprestados conceitos de diferentes áreas do saber, dentre os estudos literários, filosóficos e linguísticos. No que se refere particularmente aos estudos da linguagem, buscamos uma aproximação entre ler e escutar, questão teórica vislumbrada na experiência de leitura em voz alta do romance roseano.
Effects of Experiencing CS–US Pairings on Instructed Fear Reversal
Authors: Wisniewski David , Braem Senne , González-García Carlos , De Houwer Jan , Brass Marcel
Published: July 2023

Fear learning allows us to identify and anticipate aversive events and adapt our behavior accordingly. This is often thought to rely on associative learning mechanisms where an initially neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) is repeatedly paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US), eventually leading to the CS also being perceived as aversive and threatening. Importantly, however, humans also show verbal fear learning. Namely, they have the ability to change their responses to stimuli rapidly through verbal instructions about CS–US pairings. Past research on the link between experience-based and verbal fear learning indicated that verbal instructions about a reversal of CS–US pairings can fully override the effects of previously experienced CS–US pairings, as measured through fear ratings, skin conductance, and fear-potentiated startle. However, it remains an open question whether such instructions can also annul learned CS representations in the brain. Here, we used a fear reversal paradigm (female and male participants) in conjunction with representational similarity analysis of fMRI data to test whether verbal instructions fully override the effects of experienced CS–US pairings in fear-related brain regions or not. Previous research suggests that only the right amygdala should show lingering representations of previously experienced threat (“pavlovian trace”). Unexpectedly, we found evidence for the residual effect of prior CS–US experience to be much more widespread than anticipated, in the amygdala but also cortical regions like the dorsal anterior cingulate or dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. This finding shines a new light on the interaction of different fear learning mechanisms, at times with unexpected consequences.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHumans are able to learn about aversive stimuli both from experience (i.e., repeated pairings of conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US; pavlovian conditioning), and from verbal instructions about stimulus pairings. Understanding how experience-based and verbal learning processes interact is key for understanding the cognitive and neural underpinnings of fear learning. We tested whether prior aversive experiences (CS–US pairings) affected subsequent verbal learning, searching for lingering threat signals after verbal instructions reversed a CS from being threatening to being safe. While past research suggested such threat signals can only be found in the amygdala, we found evidence to be much more widespread, including the medial and lateral PFC. This highlights how experience-based and verbal learning processes interact to support adaptive behavior.