bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Asociatividad empresarial como estrategia de exportación para las Pymes del sector calzado en la provincia de Trujillo - La Libertad, Perú a través de: desarrollo de gestión organizacional, innovación de mercadotecnia y capacidad económica-financiera durante el periodo 2014-2018
Authors:   , Beltrán Lavado Janette Ysabel , Martinez Alarcón Zolmaira Hilda
Published: March 2022

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la Asociatividad empresarial como estrategia de exportación para las Pymes del sector calzado en la provincia de Trujillo - La Libertad, Perú a través de: desarrollo de gestión organizacional, innovación de mercadotecnia y capacidad económica-financiera durante el periodo 2014-2018, de modo que este estudio fomente a las empresas a trabajar de forma conjunta con la finalidad de tener las mejores condiciones en su camino hacia la internacionalización y por consiguiente, obtengan un incremento de sus exportaciones hacia diversos mercados. Para ello, se describe el marco teórico, el marco conceptual, las bases teóricas relacionados a la Asociatividad y Exportación del sector calzado. Asimismo, se detalla el marco contextual del sector calzado, exportación del sector calzado, así como la descripción del departamento La Libertad y de su principal provincia, Trujillo. En adición, se detalla la descripción del problema, los síntomas y causas del problema, así como el diagnóstico actual de las Pymes exportadoras del sector calzado de la provincia de Trujillo del año 2014 al 2018. Además, se plantea el problema, las hipótesis y objetivos. La metodología tiene un enfoque mixto no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional. Para el análisis cualitativo, se entrevistó a expertos en el tema y para el análisis cuantitativo, se procedió a encuestar a las Pymes exportadoras del sector calzado de la provincia Trujillo.  Finalmente, se detallan los resultados estadísticos para el análisis correspondiente, de modo que se pueda comprobar las hipótesis de la presente investigación.
Relación del comercio justo con las exportaciones peruanas de banano orgánico de la región Piura: Variación de las exportaciones, calidad de vida, certificaciones y desarrollo de capacidades, durante el periodo 2014 - 2018
Authors:   , Millones Leiva Andrea Jimena , Nieto Bolívar Josheline Anabel
Published: March 2022

La presente investigación se enfocó en determinar la relación del Comercio Justo con las comunidades exportadoras peruanas de banano orgánico de la Región Piura, específicamente la variación de las exportaciones, calidad de vida, certificaciones y desarrollo de capacidades, durante el periodo 2014 - 2018, la investigación fue de un enfoque cuantitativo correlacional y por las características de este estudio, también se utilizó un enfoque de investigación cualitativa. Para el enfoque cuantitativo se estudiaron 14 comunidades utilizando estadística correlacional de Rho Spearman, usando el software estadístico SPSS IBM; para el enfoque cualitativo, se utilizó muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, aplicando una entrevista semi-estructurada, usando el programa Atlas ti 8. Los resultados arrojaron que el Comercio Justo si está relacionado con la calidad de vida de las comunidades exportadoras, la adquisición de las certificaciones y el desarrollo de capacidades de los exportadores lo que conlleva a un mayor número de exportaciones durante los años 2014-2018 en Perú.
Análisis de la estimulación de la orientación empresarial en los tipos de conocimiento durante las etapas de internacionalización de las pymes textiles de Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   , Rodriguez Mancilla Carito , Mezarina Sanca Walter Alexis
Published: March 2022

La presente tesis pretende analizar si la orientación empresarial estimula los diferentes tipos de conocimiento en el proceso de internacionalización, para desarrollar la investigación nos centraremos en las Pyme textiles ubicadas en Lima Metropolitana que se encuentren exportando de manera activa a mercados internacionales. El desarrollo del análisis se divide en un total de cinco capítulos, siendo de esta manera el primer capítulo centrado en el marco teórico el cual contextualiza y define los términos y teorías a emplear en la investigación. Luego, en el segundo capítulo se plantea el plan de investigación donde se detalla la problemática y el planteamiento de las hipótesis, así como también los objetivos específicos como el general. Seguidamente en el tercer capítulo, donde se desarrolla la metodología de la investigación en el cual se establecerá el tipo de investigación a seguir, siendo así de tipo mixta para la tesis presentada. Así también, se detalla el alcance, diseño de la investigación, el planteamiento de las variables a trabajar definiendo la población, el tamaño de la muestra y las herramientas metodológicas para la recolección de data. En el cuarto capítulo se enfoca en el desarrollo y análisis de los resultados de la herramienta cualitativa, la cual es la entrevista a profundidad a expertos y de la cuantitativa a través de entrevistas. Los cuales se interpretarán mediante el uso de la regresión lineal, prueba de normalidad y chi cuadrado utilizando el programa SPSS. Por último, las conclusiones y recomendaciones finales respecto a las hipótesis planteadas inicialmente.
Kewenangan Penerapan Aturan Terhadap Tindak Pidana Asusila Yang Korbannya Anak
Authors: Rhazi Muhammad , Gani Iskandar A , Dahlan Dahlan
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aims to explain the handling of cases of immoral crimes whose victims are children in relation to the determination of the court to try and the authority of the investigation carried out by the National Police Investigators and the Aceh Wilayatul Hisbah Investigators associated with the concept of legal protection. The research method used is juridical empirical. Juridical research is using a statutory approach (dass sollen), while empirical research uses a field/interview approach (dass sein). The results of the study show that in Aceh Province in handling immoral crimes in which the perpetrators and victims are children, 2 (two) laws and regulations are applied, namely Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection and Aceh Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law. Qanun jinayat is a positive law which in its application still requires higher legislation with the aim of being guided by the scope of the judiciary so that the ideal concept can be clearly seen in handling cases related to jinayat law. Meanwhile, the Qanun jinayat is a derivative of Law Number 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh.Keywords: Aceh; Immoral; Disparity. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan penanganan perkara tindak pidana asusila yang korbannya anak kaitannya dengan penentuan pengadilan yang mengadili dan wewenang penyidikan yang dilakukan oleh Penyidik Polri dan Penyidik Wilayatul Hisbah Aceh dikaitkan dengan konsep perlindungan hukum. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan bersifat yuridis empiris. Penelitian yuridis adalah menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (dass sollen), sedangkan penelitian empiris menggunakan pendekatan lapangan/wawancara (dass sein). Hasil penelitian bahwa di Provinsi Aceh dalam penanganan tindak pidana asusila yang pelaku maupun korbannya anak diterapkan 2 (dua) aturan perundang-undangan yaitu Undang-undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak dan Qanun Aceh Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Hukum Jinayat. Qanun jinayat merupakan hukum positif yang dalam penerapannya masih memerlukan peraturan perundang-undangan yang lebih tinggi dengan tujuan untuk dipedomani oleh lingkup peradilan sehingga dapat dilihat secara jelas konsep ideal dalam penanganan perkara yang berkaitan dengan hukum jinayat. Sedangkan Qanun jinayat tersebut merupakan turunan dari Undang-undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintah Aceh.Kata Kunci: Aceh; Asusila; Disparitas.
The impact of ecocommunity-based tourism development
Authors: Sukmana Oman
Published: March 2022

Batu City as a tourism city in Indonesia has a significant impact on its citizens. This study aims to describe the impact of the development of Batu City as a tourism city through the Ecocommunity-Based Tourism (ECBT) model on job growth and poverty reduction. This was qualitative research, in which the technique of collecting data was done through documentation, interviews, and observation. The results showed that Batu City was developed as a tourism city based on ECBT which is a combination of Ecotourism (ET) and Community-Based Tourism (CBT). The development of Batu City as a tourism city has a positive effect on employment growth of 1,074 types of employment in 2013 and increased to 6,183 types of employment in 2017. The increase in employment in the tourism industry sector also has an impact on reducing poverty levels, with the percentage of poor people in Batu City decreasing from 4.67 percent in 2013 to 4.31 percent in 2017. Other research findings also show that the migration of job seekers out of Batu City tends to be low, while the migration of job seekers into Batu City tends to be high. This study concludes that the development of tourism in Batu City is effective in creating jobs and reducing poverty levels.
Kedudukan Objek Sewa Guna Usaha Dengan Hak Opsi (Finance Lease) Dalam Kepailitan Lessee
Authors: Pratama Risma Cahya Yudita , Shubhan M. Hadi
Published: March 2022

AbstractFinance lease is a form of lease agreement for a certain period of time with payments in installments and at the end of the agreement the lessee has the right to purchase the previously leased goods or continue the lease agreement. In the case of a lessee’s bankruptcy, all the assets of the bankrupt debtor will become the bankruptcy estate and what was obtained during the bankruptcy. The bankruptcy resulted in the implementation of the lease agreement being unresolved and the position of the object of the lease being unclear. The existence of this ambiguity is important to be discussed further because it becomes the basis for legal protection for the lessor in which the lessee is declared bankrupt while the agreement is still in progress. Through the statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach, it is concluded that the continuation of the implementation of the lease agreement with option rights will be stopped if the curator does not provide an answer or refuses to continue the agreement but if the curator is willing, then the agreement will continue with guarantees. at the discretion of the curator. Regarding the object of the lease, the lessee will become bankruptcy boedel because the rights born from the lease agreement are individual rights, where these rights only have relative legal power.Keywords: Leasing; Finance Lease; Lessee; Leasing Object; Bankruptcy; Bankrupcty Boedel.AbstrakSewa guna usaha dengan hak opsi (finance lease) merupakan bentuk perjanjian sewa guna usaha selama jangka waktu tertentu dengan pembayaran secara angsuran dan pada akhir masa perjanjian pihak penyewa guna usaha memiliki hak untuk membeli barang yang telah disewa sebelumnya atau melanjutkan perjanjian sewa guna usaha. Dalam kasus kepailitan lessee, maka segala harta kekayaan debitor pailit akan menjadi harta kepailitan dan apa yang diperoleh selama kepailitan. Kepailitan tersebut mengakibatkan pelaksanaan perjanjian sewa guna usaha yang belum terselesaikan dan kedudukan objek sewa guna usaha menjadi tidak ada kejelasan. Adanya ketidakjelasan tersebut menjadi penting untuk dibahas lebih lanjut karena menjadi dasar bagi perlindungan hukum terhadap lessor yang dimana pihak lessee dinyatakan pailit pada saat perjanjian masih berlangsung. Melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa kelanjutan pelaksanaan perjanjian sewa guna usaha dengan hak opsi yang akan menjadi terhenti apabila kurator tidak memberikan jawaban atau menolak untuk melanjutkan perjanjian tetapi apabila kurator bersedia, maka perjanjian akan berlanjut dengan jaminan atas kesanggupan oleh kurator. Terkait objek sewa guna usaha akan menjadi boedel pailit lessee karena hak yang lahir dari perjanjian sewa guna usaha adalah hak perorangan, dimana hak tersebut hanya berkekuataan hukum relatif. Kata Kunci: Sewa Guna Usaha; Hak Opsi; Penyewa Guna Usaha; Objek Sewa Guna Usaha; Kepailitan; Harta Pailit.
Improving future postoperative atrial fibrillation care: a 30,000-foot viewpoint
Authors: Pardo Daniel , Grover Frederick L. , Rove Jessica Y. , Shroyer A. Laurie W.
Published: March 2022

Aim: In the United States (US), post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common complication following cardiac surgery. In order to understand the opportunities to improve POAF patients’ care, this “30,000 foot” review evaluated the professional society POAF database/registry definitions and guideline recommendations. Methods: All US-based professional society organizations with an interventional cardiac database/registry and/or cardiac care guidelines were identified; from these, the POAF database definitions and guideline recommendations were evaluated using a content analysis approach. Results: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) POAF definition was the most frequently referenced definition (21% of key references). Only 50% (n = 5/10) US cardiac surgery databases/registries included any POAF definition; compared to STS, the other five definitions required substantially more detailed documentation. Across eight guidelines, three different types of POAF recommendations were found: risk assessment (n = 3); prevention (n =7); and management (n = 8). As a common feature, the risk assessment strategies tended to focus on advanced age (n = 6). Beta-blockers (n = 5) and amiodarone (n = 6) were common prevention approaches. Uniformly, anti-coagulation was the only management strategy (n = 8) recommended, barring any contraindications. Conclusion: Across ten professional societies, 50% had no POAF definition; of the remaining five, no POAF definitional consistency was found. Across the eight US-based professional society POAF-related guidelines, only anticoagulation was uniformly recommended. Given these “big picture” findings, professional societies are urged to work collaboratively to harmonize these divergent POAF definitions and consolidate their evidence-based guideline recommendations to improve future POAF patients’ quality of care.
Incidence, etiology, and outcomes of pre- and post-operative atrial fibrillation in mitral valve procedures: a review
Authors: Dokko Julia , Novotny Samantha , Santore Lee Ann , Shroyer A. Laurie W. , Bilfinger Thomas
Published: March 2022

Although pre-procedural and post-procedural atrial fibrillation occur commonly in mitral valve (MV) patients, the impact on patient outcomes and resource utilization has not been well documented. A comprehensive PubMed review was performed using a combination of MeSH terms related to atrial fibrillation, MV disease, MV and atrial fibrillation procedures, and medical management. Additional publications were selected from the reference lists of studies identified in the literature search. This review found that several studies conflict with the short-term outcomes associated with pre- and post-operative atrial fibrillation in MV patients. In general, both pre- and post-operative atrial fibrillation have clear negative long-term impacts on MV patients’ mortality and risk of stroke, major bleeding and other thromboembolic events. Surgical ablation for pre-operative atrial fibrillation and transcatheter ablation for medically resistant post-operative atrial fibrillation appears to be safe and effective procedure; these percutaneous and surgical interventions have been documented to mitigate MV-related thromboembolic risk. For MV patients, evidence suggests that the first step should be to optimize the current medical therapy; for persistent symptoms not addressed medically, ablation procedures should be considered. To optimize MV patients’ quality of care, however, additional research appears warranted to prevent long-term adverse outcomes.
Study on Adsorption Kinetics of Methylene Blue by Modified Sago Frond Waste
Authors: Tirani Seniman Gempur , Sunardi Sunardi
Published: March 2022

The modified sago frond waste (PSM) using the Fast Microwave-Assisted Acid method, which has several characteristic changes, was tested to determine its adsorption ability to a cationic textile dye. PSM samples as adsorbents have variations in the modification of oxalic acid addition at 0; 1,5; 3,0 and 4,5% (w/v) were used for the adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) dye on several parameters. This study was conducted to determine the adsorption kinetics through the effect of the ratio of the adsorbent and the contact time and the acid variation of the adsorbent as additional variables. Optimum MB absorption was obtained at a ratio of 0,6 g/L and a contact time of 120 minutes. The data results were analyzed using four general kinetic models: pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle diffusion, and Elovich equation. Adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order reaction rate with a coefficient of determination (R2) 0.9996-0.9999 in all variations of PSM. The theoretical adsorption capacity was 25.58 to 27.32 mg/g, and the effect of increasing acid on PSM increased the adsorption and absorption capacity of MB. Keywords: sago frond waste, adsorption, kinetic models, methylene blue.
Design of Vaccine Candidate Based on Ebola Virus Epitop With In Silico Approach
Authors: Simarmata Sari Namarito , Toepak Erwin Prasetya , Rahman Sudarman , Angga Stevin Carolius
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT          The World Health Organization (WHO) recorded as many as 2,299 cases of death with a case percentage of 66% during 2018 to 2020 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo due to the Ebola virus. Ebola virus is a member of the Filoviridae family. One of the viro cores consists of glycoprotein (GP). Messenger RNA (mRNA) generates long GP chains for the attachment protein (GP 1) and the fusion protein (GP 2). Epitope-based vaccines are a promising approach because epitopes represent immunogenic regions that elicit immunity specifically. Epitope prediction was performed based on the GP EBOV sequence available in the Data Bank. The designed vaccine could be one of the candidates for the Ebola virus vaccine. The design of the virus with access to NCBI AAB81004 was carried out by testing such as B cell epitope, T cell, and their antigenicity using the VaxiJen v2.0 server and IEDB. The T cell epitope prediction results showed that 20 T cell epitopes interacted with the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) with the highest score of 2.8069. B cell epitope by linear BepiPred assay had 77 candidate epitope peptides from sequence 401-477. Karplus and Schulz's flexibility predictions showed a predictive value of 1.119 with a threshold of 1.008, with the analyzed area having an antigenic tendency where the threshold area was yellow. Keywords: Ebolavirus; Vaccine; Epitope B Cell; Epitope T Cell; In Silico
Bivariate OSMAC Designs Expand the Secondary Metabolite Production Space in Corallococcus Coralloides
Authors: Schwarz Jenny , Hubmann Georg , Schwarz Ayla , Rosenthal Katrin , Lütz Stephan
Published: March 2022

The scarcely investigated myxobacterium Corallococcus coralloides holds a large genome containing many uncharacterized biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) that potentially encode the synthesis of entirely new natural products. Despite its promising genomic potential, suitable cultivation conditions have not yet been found to activate the synthesis of new secondary metabolites (SMs). Finding the right cultivation conditions to activate BGCs in the genome remained a major bottleneck and its full biosynthetic potential was so far not retrieved. Here, we therefore applied a bivariate OSMAC approach, using a combination of two elicitor changes at once for activation of BGCs and concomitant SM production by C. coralloides. The bivariate OSMAC screening was carried out in 24-well System Duetz-plates, applying univariate and bivariate OSMAC conditions. We combined biotic additives and organic solvents with minimal media and complex growth medium. The success of the method was evaluated by the number of new mass features detected in the respective extracts. We found synergistic effects in bivariate OSMAC designs. The number of new mass features detected in bivariate OSMAC exceeded the sum of new mass features found in the respective univariate OSMAC with only one elicitor. Overall, the bivariate OSMAC screening led to 26 new mass features, which were not detected in the univariate OSMAC design. Hence, the presence of multiple elicitors in the bivariate OSMAC designs successfully activated the biosynthetic potential in C. coralloides. We propose the bivariate OSMAC designs with a complex combination of elicitors as a straightforward strategy to robustly expand the SM space of microorganisms with large genomes.
Migrações sul-sul: a recente onda de imigrantes zimbabweanos em Tete – Moçambique (2007-2016)
Authors: Cebola Tomás , Barbieri Alisson , Zapata Gisela
Published: March 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a dinâmica das migrações internacionais sul-sul a partir do estudo de caso da recente imigração de zimbabweanos para a província de Tete, Moçambique, historicamente uma região de emigração. Nesse sentido, examinamos as características sociodemográficas desses novos imigrantes, assim como as condições e motivações individuais, familiares e estruturais subjacentes ao fluxo migratório. Para tanto, combinamos dados quantitativos provenientes do Censo moçambicano de 2007 e dos registros de trabalhadores imigrantes da Direção Provincial de Trabalho, Emprego e Segurança Social, com entrevistas semiestruturadas junto aos imigrantes zimbabweanos em Tete. Os resultados indicam uma multiplicidade de fatores que contribuíram para a recente onda de imigração em Tete, com destaque, além das motivações econômicas e de subsistência familiares, para aspectos sociais e culturais relacionados à longa tradição da mobilidade intrarregional na África Austral, facilitada por fronteiras relativamente porosas e fortes laços culturais, linguísticos e de parentesco. Discutimos, também, como a instalação de megaprojetos de mineração com capital brasileiro, em Tete, contribuiu para torná-la atrativa como destino migratório, num contexto em que se assistiam violentas ondas de xenofobia contra imigrantes na África do Sul, principal destino das migrações na região.
Estructura regional y polarización económico-poblacional en el centro de México
Authors: Trejo Nieto Alejandra Berenice
Published: March 2022

La Región Centro de México se constituyó en el espacio demográfico y económico protagónico en el país durante buena parte del siglo XX. La dinámica regional, que había estado ligada casi exclusivamente a la trayectoria y situación de la ciudad capital del país, en décadas recientes se ha nutrido del impulso experimentado por ciudades intermedias de la región y por cambios en las estructuras productivas locales a la vez que se fueron propagando algunos efectos resultantes de los programas nacionales de reforma económica. Sin embargo, en este documento pretendemos cuestionar la rotundidad del fenómeno megalopolitanoo así como el de una significativa reducción de las diferencias intrarregionales en el centro de México. En su lugar, es posible argüir que la serie de cambios en las dinámicas demográficas y económicas de los polos urbanos en la región han contribuido a fortalecer una conformación bastante polarizada al interior de la región, con lazos intrarregionales débiles y carente de una auténtica articulación regional. Esto ha mermado su posición relativa en el país.
Influence of Reduced Graphene Oxide on Crude Oil/Water Separation
Authors: Al-Kamiyani Salim Saif , Mohiuddin Tariq
Published: March 2022

Despite the progress made in recent years in the involvement of graphene and its derivatives in oil/water emulsions as stabilizers or demulsifiers, materials’ interaction still needs to be understood. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is one of the graphene derivatives that has promising implications in oil/water separation. It has unique physical properties that include large surface area, structural defects, and several functional groups on its surface. This study presents and highlights the influence of rGO in oil/water separation. Crude oil was examined at different concentrations of rGO and in different phase ratios of oil/water). The results reveal that rGO has an excellent performance. However, this depends on the oil-in-water (O/W) phase ratio, rGO dosage, and interaction time. The interphase interactions were evident in electrical capacitance analysis, where the quasimetallic effect of rGO is dominant. We believe that this work will inspire researchers to further investigate the performance of rGO in oil/water separation, where in the future it can be easily tailored by controlling rGO properties.
Proteomic Response of Sugar Beet Monosomic Addition Line M14 Guard Cells to Salt Stress
Authors: Zhang Jialin , Tao Xin , Wang Shuang , Li Jinna , Liu He , Chen Sixue , Yu Bing , Ma Chunquan , Li Haiying
Published: March 2022

Background
Soil salinity is one of the most detrimental abiotic stresses that limit crop production and threaten global food security. The responsiveness of stomatal guard cells to various stimuli is important for plants to balance transpirational water loss and carbon dioxide (CO2) intake for photosynthesis. It is important to identify differences in proteomic changes under salt stress and to understand the mechanisms underlying salt stress-induced stomatal movement in sugar beet guard cells through proteomic analysis.
Results
In this study, we observed stomatal closure and changes in ascorbate peroxidase activities during short-term salt stress treatment of sugar beet monosomic addition line M14. We analyzed proteomic changes in guard cells in response to the salt stress using an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic approach. A total of 142 proteins were differentially changed in guard cells by the salt stress treatment. They include several ribosomal proteins, metabolic enzymes and photosystem-related proteins. Gene ontology (GO) annotation of the differentially abundant proteins highlights most of the proteins are related to binding activity, response to stimuli, and glutathione metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and carbon fixation pathways. Many of the proteins were targeted to the chloroplast, nucleus and cell wall. They may play an important role in the process of stomata closure. In addition, several antioxidant enzymes (e.g., peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and dehydroascorbate reductase) involved in the regulation of ROS homeostasis were identified. Transcriptional levels of 16 differential proteins involved in stress responses did not correlate well with the protein levels, indicating different regulatory mechanisms in guard cells.
Conclusions
The proteomics results have revealed interesting mechanisms underlying the sugar beet guard cell response to salt stress, which have not been reported before. The knowledge may facilitate molecular breeding and/or engineering efforts toward enhancing crop stress tolerance while not compromising yield.
Development of the Quality of Teen Trauma Acute Ca­re Patient and Parent-Reported Experience Measure
Authors: Yeung Matthew , Hagel Brent E , Bobrovitz Niklas , Stelfox Thomas , Yanchar Natalie L
Published: March 2022

Objective: Patient-Reported Experience Measures (PREMs) provide valuable patient feedback on quality of care and have been associated with clinical outcomes. We tested the reliability of a modified version of an adult trauma PREM on injured adolescents and their parents, adding questions on school, social, and family accommodation. Results: Test-retest reliability was assessed using Cohen’s kappa, weighted kappa, and percent agreement between responses. Directionality of changed responses was noted. Most of the study ran during the COVID-19 pandemic. We identified poorer reliability among constructs that varied from the norm during the pandemic, including maintenance of social networks, need of supports for school and follow-up care. Parents appeared to have more directionality of change of responses with reporting more negative in-hospital and more positive post-discharge experiences over time between the test and retest. Situational factors due to the COVID-19 pandemic and potential risks of recall bias may have limited the reliability of some parts of the survey. Retesting of this new PREM instrument outside of the context of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as delivering it in 2 phases to reduce the risk of recall bias may result in stronger reliability of the tool.
Ensemble EfficientNet and Mixed Convolution for Three-class brain MR image classification
Authors: Kakarla Jagadeesh , Isunuri Bala Venkateswarlu
Published: March 2022

The classification of brain tumor images is the prevalent task in computer-aided brain tumor diagnosis. Recently, three-class classification becomes a superlative task in brain tumor classification. The existing models are fine-tuned for a single dataset, and hence they may exhibit displeasing results on other datasets. Thus, there is a need for a generalized model that can produce superior performance on multiple datasets. In this paper, we have presented a generalized model that produces similar results on two datasets. We have proposed an ensemble EfficientNet and mixed convolution model to perform a three-class classification. We have devised a mixed convolution to enhance the feature vector extracted from pre-trained EfficientNet. The mixed convolution consists of two blocks namely separable convolution and residual convolution blocks. We have utilized a gaussian dropout layer before the softmax layer to avoid model overfitting. In our experiments, two publicly available datasets are considered for the evaluation of the proposed model. We have achieved an accuracy of 97.65% and 95.84% on BTDS and CPM datasets, respectively. The proposed model outperforms existing pre-trained models and state-of-the-art models in vital metrics.
Competing-risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma: A Population-based Analysis
Authors: Zhai Guo-qing , Shi Min
Published: March 2022

Background
In this study, we attempt to construct and verify a competing-risk nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA).
Methods
Patients with SBA diagnosed from 2004 to 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were selected. Cumulative incidence function (CIF) was used to describe the cause-specific mortality and compared by Gray's test. Fine and Gray's proportional subdistribution hazard model was applied to validate the independent prognostic factors. The competing-risk nomogram was constructed by significant variables and evaluated by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves both in training and validation set.
Results
2,729 patients were selected, 36% patients died from small bowel. The 1, 3, 5 years’ cumulative incidence of died from small bowel was 31.1%, 48.2 and 51.5%. Grade, AJCC stage and surgery were independent factors affecting CSS. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.727 (95%CI=0.726-0.729) and 0.752 (95%CI=0.749-0.756) in training and validation set, respectively. Calibration curves showed that the predicted was highly consistent with actual survival.
Conclusion
We established and validated a novel competing-risk nomogram to predict 3- and 5-year CSS for SBA patients accurately and to help clinicians develop individualized follow-up strategies for patients.
CST1, as a prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer, is associated with tumor immune cells infiltration, invasion, and cell migration
Authors: Wei Jianming , Wei Zhiwang , Gao Xibo , Lu Li , Liu Tong
Published: March 2022

Background CST1 , acting as an oncogene, plays a critical role in tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling. However, the function of CST1 in gastric cancer (GC) remains elusive. The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic significance, tumor immune cell infiltration and biological functions of CST1 as a novel therapeutic candidate biomarker for GC.Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the library (“limma”) package of R software. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was applied to explore the molecular function of CST1 . CST1 expression in GC cell lines was detected using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) in vitro. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were measured using the cell counting kit-8 assay and Transwell assay.Results A total of 142 common DEGs were screened out in four datasets. Four overlapped DEGs ( CST1 , CLDN4 , CLDN7 and CLDN1 ) were identified and validated in TCGA database. CST1 was the most significant to be selected for further study. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that CST1 expression was associated with in tumor immune cell infiltration and clinical factors in GC. The survival analysis showed that CST1 overexpression predicted poor outcome in GC patients. In Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) database, the expression of SULT1C4 , PAGE4 and FPR3 was significant positively related to CST1 . CST1 was also upregulated in GC cells AGS by qRT-PCR. Finally, we found that CST1 promoted cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in GC.Conclusion This study reveals that CST1 is a promising candidate biomarker for prognosis and potential therapy target for GC.
Diversity and population structure of Nordic potato cultivars and breeding clones grown under long daylength in Europe
Authors: Selga Catja , Chrominski Pawel , Carlson-Nilsson Ulrika , Andersson Mariette , Chawade Aakash , Ortiz Rodomiro
Published: March 2022

The genetic diversity and population structure of breeding germplasm is central knowledge for crop improvement. To gain insight into the genetic potential of the germplasm used for potato breeding in a Nordic breeding program as well as all av available accessions from the Nordic genebank (NordGen), 133 potato genotypes were genotyped using the Infinium Illumina 20K SNP array. After SNP filtering, 11 610 polymorphic SNPs were included in the analysis. In addition, data from three important breeding traits – percent dry matter and uniformity of tuber shape and eye – were scored to measure the variation be-tween groups. The genetic diversity among the genotypes was estimated using principal coordinate analysis based on the genetic distance between individuals, as well as by using the software STRUCTURE. Both methods suggest that the collected breeding material and the germplasm from the gene-bank are closely related, with a low degree of population structure between the groups. The phenotypic distribution among the genotypes revealed significant differences, especially between farmer’s cultivars and released cultivars and breeding clones. The percent heterozygosity was similar between the groups, with a mean average of 58–60%. Overall, the breeding germplasm and the accessions from the Nordic genebank seems to be closely related with similar genetic background. This gains insight that the genetic potential of available Nordic potato breeding germplasm is low, and for genetic hybridization purposes, genotypes from outside the Nordic region should be employed.
A Social-Ecological Perspective for Emerging Cities: The Case of the Corniche Promenade, ‘Urban Majlis’ of Doha
Authors: Furlan Raffaello , Grosvald Michael
Published: March 2022

In the past decade the capital city of Doha of the State of Qatar has experienced rapid urban expansion and other changes due to globalization, which has caused (i) the loss of a compact urban pattern, (ii) landscape fragmentation, and (iii) a deficiency of green spaces. Therefore, as envisioned by Qatar National Vision 2030 (QNV-2030), the State of Qatar plans to invest substantial funds into the urban regeneration of the built environment, along with the development of large areas of public parks as a means of promoting more sustainable urban development and enhancing city residents’ well-being. Accessibility contributes to the usability of public facilities on the part of the neighborhood community, thus enhancing city dwellers’ well-being. Nonetheless, the authors argue, the urban network along Doha’s Corniche promenade, the dominant open public space and spine of the city, lacks connectivity at various scales of space. Therefore, this research study aims to assess the existing conditions of Doha’s Corniche and recommends strategies for implementing its integration into the newly emerging city’s urban fabric. The findings, revealed through a network-analysis investigation based on graph theory, allows us to generate a framework for shaping open public spaces, promoting higher living standards through a green-network system planned at the city scale. The proposed framework addresses social-ecological challenges of the distinctive public open space and helps define an approach for (i) tailoring the accessibility of public open spaces to their surroundings, and (ii) enhancing city dwellers’ well-being.
The Health Education Packages using Android Applications to Improve Knowledge and Attitudes in Pregnant, Post-partum and Lactating Women in Preventing COVID-19 Transmission and Self-Care.
Authors: Setyowati Setyowati , Afiyanti Yati , Nurahmawati Imami , Sari Erna Puspita
Published: March 2022

Background: The Covid-19 outbreak is rapidly increasing as evidenced by the number of cases, deaths and countries affected. However, limited data is available on pregnant women with Covid-19 on which to base recommendations for pregnancy and post-partum care. Study aims: identify the effectiveness of nursing intervention with health education via an android application about self-care and prevention of Covid-19 transmission toward the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant, post-partum and lactating women. Method: This study was done in three stages. Stage one was identifying the existing nursing intervention for respondents with Covid-19, stage two involved the health education formulation and built it in to an android application, stage three measured the differences in knowledge attitude of respondents before and after health education by using the android application. 152 respondents pregnant, post-partum and lactating with Covid-19 women participated in this study. Result: Stage one showed that nursing intervention has been done comprehensively. Stage two established the health education: http://cegahcovidbumil.000webhostapp.com ; Stage three found that there were differences between pre and post health education via an android application in the knowledge and attitudes during pregnancy, post-partum and lactating women in self-care and prevention of Covid-19 transmission. Significancy was found among post-partum and lactating women (p=0.018*). Conclusion: There was a difference in knowledge and attitudes among respondents in self-care and prevention regarding the spread of Covid-19 before and after health education via an android application. Study recommended that health care providers use this method in their intervention to improve health status and prevent further spread of Covid-19. Further research to explore more health indicators is needed.
Factors Associated With Pharmacological And Non-Pharmacological Treatments Adherence In Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder In Iran
Authors: Mohammadabadi Motahareh Sadat Mirhaj , Mohammadsadeghi Homa , Adrebili Mehrdad Eftekhar , Kolour Zahra Partovi , Kashaninasab Fatemeh , Shalbafan Mohammadreza
Published: March 2022

Background: Borderline personality disorder is a major mental illness characterized by a sustained relationship instability, impulsive behavior and intense affects. Adherence is a complex behavior, from minor refusals of treatment to inappropriate use of health services or even abandonment of treatment, which can be affected by various factors. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting pharmacological and non-pharmacological adherence in patients with borderline personality disorder referred to an outpatient referral clinic in Tehran, Iran.Methods: The study was a retrospective cohort. The files of patients with borderline personality disorder referred to the outpatient clinic of the Tehran Psychiatric Institute were reviewed as the first step. In the next step, we contacted the patients and asked them to fill out the questionnaires. Data were collected using the Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI) questionnaire and a researcher made questionnaire to determine the attitude of patients toward pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment and therapeutic adherence. After collecting data, patients’ therapeutic acceptance was divided into three groups: poor, partial, good compliance. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version-22.Results: Ninety-four patients were involved in the study and fifty four of them were women. In terms of psychotherapy adherence, patients with higher education and hospital admission history have better compliance. Medication attitudes were negative in 54 patients (57.4%), while 40.4% of them stated that psychotherapy or counselling did not help their condition and showed a negative attitude toward non-pharmacological treatment. Additionally, psychotherapy good adherence of the patients (44.7%) was higher than medication good adherence (31.9%). The most common reasons for discontinuation of treatment were medication side effects (53.1%), dissatisfaction with the therapist (40.3%) and then fear of medication dependence (40%). The results showed no relationship between other demographic factors and treatment adherence.Conclusions: Results of the current study show that attitude toward psychotherapy is more positive than pharmacotherapy. In addition, according to the results, working on changeable factors such as patients’ fear of dependence to medication, dissatisfaction with the therapist, and medication side effects may improve patients' treatment adherence.
Disrupting a socioecological system: how Traditional Ecological Knowledge could be the key to preserve Araucaria Forest in Brazil under climate change?
Authors: Tagliari Mario Muniz , Bogoni Juliano André , Blanco Graziela Dias , Cruz Aline Pereira , Peroni Nivaldo
Published: March 2022

Socioecological systems (SES) hinge on human groups and ecosystems, promoting interdependence and resilience to environmental disturbances. Climate change effects propagate from organism to biomes, likely influencing SES. In southern Brazil, Araucaria Forest is a typical SES due to the historical interaction between humans and biodiversity. We thus aimed to evaluate empirically and theoretically how climate change could disrupt this system by interviewing 97 smallholders and assessing their Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). We evaluated and measured: (i) socioeconomic impact of araucaria’s nut-like seed (pinhão) trade; (ii) ethnoecological knowledge about climate change; and (iii) generated an ecosystem services network. We projected these empiric data with a projected loss of 50-70% of the Araucaria Forest due to climate change to quantify the risks of the potential disruption of this socioecological system. We found evidence that to avoid the disruption of the Araucaria Forests is paramount to value TEK holders, safeguard the historical socioecological interaction, and promote non-mutually exclusive measures in an integrative response to maintain the Araucaria Forests resilient to future disturbances.
Fourth thoracic vertebra as landmark for depth of right internal jugular vein catheterization in infants
Authors: Liu Guoliang , Zhang Jianmin , Wang Fang , Liu Heqi
Published: March 2022

Backgroundː The carina is considered a reliable marker for the depth of right internal jugular vein catheterization in infants on chest radiograph. In adult anatomy, the carina is typically located at the level of the fifth thoracic vertebra. We are not aware of a positional relationship between infant carina and thoracic vertebrae. Thus, we evaluated that a vertebral body may be at the same level as carina and can be as radiographic landmarks for the depth of right internal jugular vein catheterization in infants.Methodsː In this retrospective analysis, 108 infants (aged 1–12 months) who underwent congenital heart surgery between January 1, 2019 and June 30, 2019 were included. We analyzed the post-operative chest radiographs of those who underwent right internal jugular vein catheterization and assessed the positional relationship of the carina and vertebral bodies.Resultsː In total, 95 children were enrolled; The carina was located at the third thoracic vertebra in 2 cases (2%) and at the fourth thoracic vertebra in 93 cases (98%). There was a significant difference in the position of the carina (P=0.01, P<0.05; respectively).Conclusionsː Most fourth thoracic vertebrae were at the same level as the carina on chest radiographs. Therefore, it has potential as a radiographic landmark for the depth of right internal jugular vein catheterization in infants on chest radiograph.
Color Transparent Monitor using Si/SiO2 Core-Shell Nanoparticles: Optimum Color Selection
Authors: Seyyedi Maryam , Rostami Ali
Published: March 2022

In this paper, core-shell nanoparticles are used to provide a transparent high-quality display. To realize this idea, Si-SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles have been used to achieve the most suitable nanoparticle composition for a transparent color display with high transparency and contrast. For color transparent monitor the superimposed QDs are used. There is a basic question for the realization of the proposed transparent monitor. What is the ratio of nanoparticles (ratio of three QDs) for three colors in the proposed monitor? In this paper, we are going to acknowledge this question. As it is clear, the scattering peaks for red, green, and blue are different because of the physics of the scattering that is wavelength-dependent. Thus, the optimum ratio for each color should be obtained. The numerical method of Finite-Difference Time-Domain is used to simulate and calculate the optical properties of the proposed transparent monitor. The effect of different combinations of nanoparticles to have the maximum dispersion at blue, green, and red wavelengths and the minimum absorption at other wavelengths has been investigated. Finally, the optimum ratio and arrangement of nanoparticles for all colors are reported and numerically evaluated.
El Niño controls the evolution of shorelines worldwide
Authors: Almar Rafael , Graffin Marcan , Boucharel Julien , Abessolo Gregoire Ondoa , Thoumyre Gregoire , Papa Fabrice , Montano Jennifer , Bergsma Erwin , Baba Mohamed Wassim , Jin Fei-Fei , Ranasinghe Roshanka
Published: March 2022

Coastal zones are fragile and complex dynamical systems that are increasingly under threat from the combined effects of anthropogenic pressure and climate change. Yet, the key environmental factors that drive regional coastline changes remain poorly quantified. Here, using global satellite derived shoreline positions from 2000 to 2017 and a variety of reanalysis products, we demonstrate that coastlines are under the influence of 3 main drivers: the sea-level, and also ocean waves and fluvial inputs. The relative contribution of each of the drivers vary across the global coastline, with about a third exhibiting a clear dominance of one of the drivers (60% for sea level, 30% for rivers and 10% for waves). Furthermore, by establishing that these environmental forcing are all substantially constrained by El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) at interannual time scales, we derive a conceptual global model of yearly shoreline changes that integrates the complex and diverse planetary climate influence of ENSO on each of these 3 drivers. This model reproduces well the observed shoreline changes with a global correlation of 0.4 and up to 0.6 in the tropical belt. We believe it represents a new solid physical and mathematical framework for understanding ENSO-driven littoral hazards as well as an efficient yet simple approach for their prediction.