bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Au concentration‐dependent quenching of Raman 2D peak in graphene
Authors: Ranjan Pranay , Tulika  , Laha Ranjit , Balakrishnan Jayakumar
Published: January 2017

We investigate the effect of sputtered gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) on the Raman spectra of graphene. The two prominent Raman peaks of graphene – 2D and G – show drastically different behaviour with AuNC introduction. The Raman 2D peak intensity decreases with gold coverage and finally is quenched for moderate gold nanoparticle coverage, while the G peak shows a AuNC size‐dependent enhancement in peak intensity. The quenching of the 2D peak is attributed to the hybridization of graphene's 2pz orbital with the 5d orbitals of Au. The G peak enhancement is due to the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering induced by the surface plasmons created in the AuNC by the incident laser beam (He–Ne laser, wavelength = 632.8 nm). The existence of surface plasmons is independently confirmed by UV‐visible spectrophotometry measurements. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Studies of inherent lubricity coatings for low surface roughness galvanised steel for automotive applications
Authors: Hill Donald , Holliman Peter J. , McGettrick James , Searle Justin , Appelman Marco , Chatterjee Pranesh , Watson Trystan M. , Worsley David
Published: January 2017

Surface lubricity on TiO2‐coated galvanised steels can be controlled by solution depositing perfluorooctanoic (C8), lauric (C12) or stearic (C18) acids to avoid lubricating oils/emulsions or substrate pre‐etching to remove surface oxide that add cost and waste. Water contact angles reveal increased surface hydrophobicity on coated samples that correlate with linear friction testing, suggesting water contact angle can be used to screen lubricity compounds. Linear friction testing shows that C12 and C18 lower the coefficient of friction (μ) by 50–60% compared with uncoated substrates whilst C8 drops μ from 0.31 to 0.22. Surfaces have been characterised by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, whilst infrared confirms that as‐deposited coatings contain physisorbed and deprotonated acids chemisorbed through esters and thermal gravimetric analysis confirms increasing loadings from C8 to C12 to C18. Surface washing removes physisorbed material and lowers μ by increasing surface organisation and alkyl chain packing that enhances frictional energy dissipation through steric quenching. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Organizers Increase Sophistication With Digital Communications
Authors: DeMaria Alfred T.
Published: January 2017

OUR Walmart, an independent workers' rights organization, is trying to persuade Walmart workers to download a new Android app called WorkIt. The app gives users advice and information on Walmart personnel policies as well as the opportunity to participate in conversations with other Walmart workers who have similar questions or concerns. The advisors on the app explaining the company's policies as well as labor laws are exclusively other current or former Walmart employees.
Cubic formulas for computing the zeros of certain quaternionic polynomial
Authors: Liu Ming‐Sheng , Tang Yan
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we derive the explicit formulas for computing the zeros of certain cubic quaternionic polynomial. From these, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition to quaternionic cubic polynomial have a spherical zero, and some examples are also provided. Moreover, we will discuss some applications of the cubic quaternionic formulas. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Technical Note: A novel interdigital transparent thin‐film detector for medical dosimetry
Authors: Brivio Davide , Sajo Erno , Zygmanski Piotr
Published: January 2017

Purpose

A new type of thin‐film interdigital detector (TFID) for medical dosimetry is investigated. The focus of this study was to characterize the detector response as a function of detector geometry in an attempt to optimize it and to understand the underlying radio‐electrical effects leading to signal formation.

Methods

We characterize the detector response to kilovoltage x‐ray beams used in fluoroscopy and computed tomography. Each element (pixel) of the detector is composed of conductive intercombing digits deposited on a thin‐film dielectric substrate by nanofabrication or using a printing process. The detector is practically transparent to x‐ray radiation, yet it generates sufficient signal for many types of medical dosimetry and quality assurance tasks. The thin‐film detector has negligible surface mass density (about 2.5 mg/cm2 for a 1‐μm‐thick Cu TFID on 12.5‐μm‐thick Kapton substrate) and it is conformable to curved geometries found in the medical x‐ray equipment or on patient skin surface. The prototype detectors were made using glass and Kapton substrates with copper‐copper and copper‐aluminum interdigits. Although in principle the detector can be operated without any external bias voltage when the digits are made of disparate materials (e.g., Cu‐Al), we also characterized the detector properties under small electric fields via its current‐voltage curve (IV curve).

Results

Using 120 kVp, 25 mA x‐ray beam with 10V external bias, the Cu‐Cu detector response was about 0.2 nA/cm2. We also measured a one‐dimensional transmitted dose profile for a phantom under fluoroscopic x‐rays and found relatively good agreement with a commercial photodiode (XR R12‐0191, IBA Dosimetry).

Conclusions

We demonstrated the potential of TFID detectors for kilovoltage dosimetry and we defined its optimal geometry. For digits made of the same material and for digit width equal to the separation between them, we found that the thin‐film detector has optimal performance when the distance between the digit centers is about 1 mm, while in the fixed digit width cases we observed that the signal is higher when their edge‐to‐edge separation is as small as possible.
Proteomics analyses of prostate cancer cells reveal cellular pathways associated with androgen resistance
Authors: Höti Naseruddin , Shah Punit , Hu Yingwei , Yang Shuang , Zhang Hui
Published: January 2017

While significant advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, each year tens of thousands of men still die from prostate cancer in the United States. Thus, greater understanding of cellular pathways and molecular basis of prostate cancer progression in the development of androgen resistance is needed to treat these lethal phenotypes. To dissect the mechanism of androgen resistance, we utilize a proteomics approach to study the development of androgen resistance in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Our results showed the predominant involvement of metabolic pathways that were elevated in androgen resistance phenotype. We further found the amplification of PI3K/AKT pathway and the overexpression of proteasome proteins while the mitochondrial oxidation phosphorylation was severely hampered in castration‐resistant LNCaP‐95 cells compared to LNCaP cells. Interestingly, we also found the induction of Dicer, a cytoplasmic endoribonuclease microRNA regulator in the androgen‐ablated LNCaP‐95 prostate cancer cells. We verified some of these data by orthogonal methods including Western blot analysis and in castrated animal xenograft studies. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing induced expression of proteasome proteins in androgen ablation prostate cancer cells. If validated in clinical studies, the findings will have significant implications in understanding the complexity of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer.
Back Cover: Low energy scanning transmission electron beam induced current for nanoscale characterization of p–n junctions (Phys. Status Solidi RRL 1/2017)
Authors: Peretzki Patrick , Ifland Benedikt , Jooss Christian , Seibt Michael
Published: January 2017

No abstract is available for this article.
Context and Implications Document for: Shortage or surplus? A long‐term perspective on the supply of scientists and engineers in the USA and the UK
Authors: Smith Emma
Published: January 2017

This guide accompanies the following article:

Smith, E., Shortage or surplus? A long‐term perspective on the supply of scientists and engineers in the USA and the UK. Review of Education, DOI:10.1002/rev3.3091
Combined and passivity control for networked control systems with random gain fluctuations and sojourn probabilities: A switched system approach
Authors: Sasirekha R. , Rakkiyappan R. , Cao Jinde
Published: January 2017

On the basis of the passivity theory, the problem of designing non‐fragile
control for a class of networked control systems (NCSs) with the plant being a switched system is presented. The NCSs under consideration are modeled by considering the network‐induced imperfections like transmission delays and packet dropouts as a single time‐varying delay. The network status is assumed to vary on the basis of sojourn probabilities, and these probabilities are known a prior. The controller is designed including stochastic fluctuations in its gain matrix by considering the Bernoulli distributed white sequence along with time‐varying probability measures. The key steps in this method are to construct an improved Lyapunov–Krasovskii Functional and to utilize reciprocally convex technique. The sojourn probability‐dependent sufficient criteria are obtained to ensure the closed‐loop, mode‐dependent switched NCSs to be robustly stochastically stable on the basis of the combined
and passivity performance. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated through an example. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Consensus of linear multi‐agent systems subject to communication delays and switching networks
Authors: Lu Maobin , Liu Lu
Published: January 2017

In this paper, the consensus problem for linear multi‐agent systems subject to nonuniform time‐varying communication delays and jointly connected switching networks is investigated. Two cases, known communication delay and unknown communication delay, are considered, respectively. For each case, both distributed dynamic state feedback control law and distributed dynamic output feedback control law are proposed. By establishing some technical lemmas, it is shown that the proposed distributed control laws can solve the consensus problem, respectively. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sustainable Consumption and Value Propositions: Exploring Product–Service System Practices Among Swedish Fashion Firms
Authors: Stål Herman I. , Jansson Johan
Published: January 2017

Since sustainable consumption (SC) research focuses primarily on consumer purchasing behaviors, there is a gap regarding how firms attempt to shape sustainable consumption in practice. Utilizing nine case studies, this gap is addressed by exploring the use of value propositions entailing product–service systems among Swedish fashion firms. The value propositions in use by the firms suggest that sustainable consumption may be extending beyond purchase to also include aspects of use and disposal, suggesting new reciprocal responsibilities for firms and consumers. Similarities are found in what elements firms incorporate in their value propositions (i.e. more sustainable textiles, repair and take‐back systems), but differences in how these are elaborated, testifying to the inter‐organizational dynamics that embed practices. The paper ends with the specific caution that take‐back systems may send illusionary signals regarding recycling that legitimize increased consumption and further accelerate material throughput, which would be at odds with notions of strong sustainable consumption. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
A high‐capacity and secure least significant bit embedding approach based on word and letter frequencies
Authors: Alshayeji Mohammad H. , Al‐Roomi Suood Abdulaziz , Abed Sa'ed
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we propose a novel least significant bit embedding approach that capitalizes on the skewed distribution of letter and word frequencies to achieve higher image capacity, quality, and security. We initially conduct a study that involves all of the character frequencies using a data set of 14.245 billion characters. Huffman coding for each character is generated on the basis of its probability of occurrence. Furthermore, the top 100 000 most frequent words are transformed into a smaller ciphertext that has a lower cost. Our work demonstrates that recognizing characters and words on the basis of their frequency patterns and prioritizing them accordingly has a greater prospect of reducing the overall cost of embedding. The proposed scheme significantly outperforms Lempel–Ziv–Welch compression with an average of 45% fewer embedded bits. Moreover, the image quality is improved by a mean peak signal‐to‐noise ratio value of 6.9%. The proposed method also establishes a security embedding by proposing a novel shuffling algorithm. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CA‐ARBAC: privacy preserving using context‐aware role‐based access control on Android permission system
Authors: Abdella J. , Özuysal M. , Tomur E.
Published: January 2017

Existing mobile platforms are based on manual way of granting and revoking permissions to applications. Once the user grants a given permission to an application, the application can use it without limit, unless the user manually revokes the permission. This has become the reason for many privacy problems because of the fact that a permission that is harmless at some occasion may be very dangerous at another condition. One of the promising solutions for this problem is context‐aware access control at permission level that allows dynamic granting and denying of permissions based on some predefined context. However, dealing with policy configuration at permission level becomes very complex for the user as the number of policies to configure will become very large. For instance, if there are A applications, P permissions, and C contexts, the user may have to deal with A × P × C number of policy configurations. Therefore, we propose a context‐aware role‐based access control model that can provide dynamic permission granting and revoking while keeping the number of policies as small as possible. Although our model can be used for all mobile platforms, we use Android platform to demonstrate our system. In our model, Android applications are assigned roles where roles contain a set of permissions and contexts are associated with permissions. Permissions are activated and deactivated for the containing role based on the associated contexts. Our approach is unique in that our system associates contexts with permissions as opposed to existing similar works that associate contexts with roles. As a proof of concept, we have developed a prototype application called context‐aware Android role‐based access control. We have also performed various tests using our application, and the result shows that our model is working as desired. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methane Activation Mediated by Dual Gold Atoms Doped in Aluminium Oxide Cluster Cations Au2Al2O3+
Authors: Zhou Xiao‐Hong , Li Zi‐Yu , Jiang Li‐Xue , He Sheng‐Gui , Ma Tong‐Mei
Published: January 2017

The study of chemical reactions between gold‐doped oxide clusters and methane can provide molecular level mechanisms to understand the activity of gold species supported on metal oxides. The role of single gold atom in methane activation has been identified, while the effect of two or more gold atoms is far from clear. By employing mass spectrometry and theoretical calculations, the reactivity of heteronuclear oxide clusters with dual gold atoms (Au2Al2O3+) toward methane was explored. Three major reaction products with the formation of CH3•, AuCH2, and Au were observed experimentally. Theoretical calculations indicate that Au2Al2O3+ contains two separate gold atoms and one oxygen−centred radical (O−•). Two types of mechanisms for methane activation are identified. The reaction initiated by the O−• site primarily generates the CH3• through hydrogen atom abstraction while the reaction starting from the gold site mainly contributes to the generation of AuCH2 and Au via the mechanism of Lewis acid‐base pairs. It was revealed that the formation of gold dimer species driven by the aurophilic interaction plays an important role in the second C−H bond activation.
Ionic Diodes Based on Regenerated α‐Cellulose Films Deposited Asymmetrically onto a Microhole
Authors: Aaronson Barak D. B. , He Daping , Madrid Elena , Johns Marcus A. , Scott Janet L. , Fan Lian , Doughty James , Kadowaki Marco A. S. , Polikarpov Igor , McKeown Neil B. , Marken Frank
Published: January 2017

Cellulose films of approximately 5 μm thickness, reconstituted from ionic liquid media onto a poly‐ethylene‐terephthalate (PET) film with a 5, 10, 20, or 40 μm diameter microhole, show current rectification when immersed in aqueous NaCl. For “asymmetric cellulose deposits” this rectification, or ionic diode behaviour, is then investigated as a function of ionic strength and microhole diameter. Future applications are envisaged in sustainable cellulose‐based desalination, sensing, or energy harvesting processes.
Chiral‐Selective Formation of 1D Polymers Based on Ullmann‐Type Coupling: The Role of the Metallic Substrate
Authors: Pham Tuan Anh , Tran Bay V. , Nguyen Manh‐Thuong , Stöhr Meike
Published: January 2017

The chiral‐selective formation of 1D polymers from a prochiral molecule, namely, 6,12‐dibromochrysene in dependence of the type of metal surface is demonstrated by a combined scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory study. Deposition of the chosen molecule on Au(111) held at room temperature leads to the formation of a 2D porous molecular network. Upon annealing at 200 °C, an achiral covalently linked polymer is formed on Au(111). On the other hand, a chiral Cu‐coordinated polymer is spontaneously formed upon deposition of the molecules on Cu(111) held at room temperature. Importantly, it is found that the chiral‐selectivity determines the possibility of obtaining graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). On Au(111), upon annealing at 350 °C or higher cyclo‐dehydrogenation occurs transforming the achiral polymer into a GNR. In contrast, the chiral coordination polymer on Cu(111) cannot be converted into a GNR.
Simultaneous Synthesis of WO3−x Quantum Dots and Bundle‐Like Nanowires Using a One‐Pot Template‐Free Solvothermal Strategy and Their Versatile Applications
Authors: Wang Yao , Wang Xiaoxia , Xu Yuanhong , Chen Tao , Liu Mengli , Niu Fushuang , Wei Shuang , Liu Jingquan
Published: January 2017

Tungsten oxide (WO3−x), a new alternative to conventional semiconductor material, has attracted numerous attentions owning to its widespread potential applications. Various methods have been reported for the synthesis of WO3−x nanostructures such as nanowires or nanodots. However, templates or surfactants are often required for the synthesis, which significantly complicate the process and hinder the broad applications. Herein, one‐pot template/surfactant‐free solvothermal method is proposed to synthesize the WO3−x nanostructures including fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) and bundle‐like nanowires simultaneously. The as‐prepared WO3−x QDs can be well dispersed in aqueous medium, exhibit excellent photoluminescent properties, and show an average size of 3.25 ± 0.25 nm as evidenced by transmission electron microscopy. Meanwhile, the diameter of the WO3−x nanowires is found to be about 27.5 nm as manifested by the scanning electron microscope images. The generation mechanism for these two WO3−x nanostructures are systematically studied and proposed. The WO3−x QDs have been successfully applied in efficient fluorescent staining and specific ferric ion detection. Moreover, the WO3−x nanowires can be utilized as effective dielectric materials for electromagnetic wave absorption.
Anticonvulsant effect of sodium cyclamate and propylparaben on pentylenetetrazol‐induced seizures in zebrafish
Authors: Pisera‐Fuster Antonella , Otero Sofía , Talevi Alan , Bruno‐Blanch Luis , Bernabeu Ramón
Published: January 2017

Screening for novel anticonvulsant drugs requires appropriate animal seizure models. Zebrafish provide small, accessible, and cost‐efficient preclinical models applicable to high‐throughput small molecule screening. Based on previous results in rodents, we have here examined the effects of artificial sweetener sodium cyclamate and antimicrobial agent sodium propylparaben on a model of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)‐induced seizures in zebrafish. Sodium cyclamate reduced the bursts of hyperactivity, the spasms, increased the latency to spasms, and the latency to seizure, while propylparaben increased the latency to spasms. The results show the potential of zebrafish to detect novel anticonvulsant compounds while they also demonstrate the ability of two commonly ingested chemical compounds to modify the seizure threshold when were administrated at low concentration.
Resistance to dialogic discourse in SSI teaching: The effects of an argumentation‐based workshop, teaching practicum, and induction on a preservice science teacher
Authors: Kilinc Ahmet , Demiral Umit , Kartal Tezcan
Published: January 2017

Teaching socioscientific issues (SSI) necessitates dialogic discourse activities. However, a majority of science teachers prefer monologic discourse in SSI contexts. In addition, some of these teachers are resistant to change (from monologic to dialogic discourse) despite certain professional development attempts. The purpose of the present single‐case study was to investigate the nature of this resistance in a preservice science teacher (PST) (Duygu). We longitudinally followed preservice teachers through 1 year of their continuum of professional development (CPD). We administered a questionnaire including vignettes representing two types of discourse (monologic and dialogic) in SSI teaching; the participants selected one of the vignettes at four different points in their CPD: before an argumentation‐based workshop (N = 122), after the workshop (N = 6), after a SSI‐based teaching practicum (N = 5), and during the induction year (N = 1). The interviews (semi‐structured and stimulated recall) and classroom observations supported these data. We concluded that the argumentation‐based workshop decreased Duygu's resistance to dialogic discourse by producing pseudo‐changes, emergencies, and no changes in her beliefs. However, negative experiences during the teaching practicum enhanced resistance and resulted in a reversal of previous positive beliefs. Similarly, negative induction experiences contributed to her resistance by elaborating previous negative beliefs. In addition, we argue that resistance to change is a complex process exceeding the boundaries of units (e.g., discourse), subjects (e.g., SSI), and subject‐matter education (e.g., science education). The cognitive mechanisms (epistemic heuristic, evidence‐based justification, and prioritization), belief development processes (pseudo‐change, reversal, etc.), and a range of barriers (limited educational opportunities, naïve epistemologies, an argumentation‐avoider personality, etc.) produce a complex ecosystem. We believe that any effort that would be conducted to change science teachers’ teaching orientations from monologic to more dialogic versions and that does not consider this ecosystem will not thrive. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 54:764–789, 2017
Investigating the link of ACAD10 deficiency to type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Bloom Kaitlyn , Mohsen Al‐Walid , Karunanidhi Anuradha , El Demellawy Dina , Reyes‐Múgica Miguel , Wang Yudong , Ghaloul‐Gonzalez Lina , Otsubo Chikara , Tobita Kimi , Muzumdar Radhika , Gong Zhenwei , Tas Emir , Basu Shrabani , Chen Jie , Bennett Michael , Hoppel Charles , Vockley Jerry
Published: January 2017

The Native American Pima population has the highest incidence of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) of any reported population, but the pathophysiologic mechanism is unknown. Genetic studies in Pima Indians have linked acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase 10 (ACAD10) gene polymorphisms, among others, to this predisposition. The gene codes for a protein with a C‐terminus region that is structurally similar to members of a family of flavoenzymes—the acyl‐CoA dehydrogenases (ACADs)—that catalyze α,β‐dehydrogenation reactions, including the first step in mitochondrial FAO (FAO), and intermediary reactions in amino acids catabolism. Dysregulation of FAO and an increase in plasma acylcarnitines are recognized as important in the pathophysiology of IR and T2DM. To investigate the deficiency of ACAD10 as a monogenic risk factor for T2DM in human, an Acad‐deficient mouse was generated and characterized. The deficient mice exhibit an abnormal glucose tolerance test and elevated insulin levels. Blood acylcarnitine analysis shows an increase in long‐chain species in the older mice. Nonspecific variable pattern of elevated short‐terminal branch‐chain acylcarnitines in a variety of tissues was also observed. Acad10 mice accumulate excess abdominal adipose tissue, develop an early inflammatory liver process, exhibit fasting rhabdomyolysis, and have abnormal skeletal muscle mitochondria. Our results identify Acad10 as a genetic determinant of T2DM in mice and provide a model to further investigate genetic determinants for insulin resistance in humans.
Personalisierte Medizin: Strukturen, Tumorboards, Visionen
Authors: Heining Christoph , Horak Peter , Gröschel Stefan , Glimm Hanno , Fröhling Stefan
Published: January 2017

Die zunehmende Berücksichtigung molekularer Charakteristika in der Therapieauswahl hat bei etlichen histologisch nicht weiter zu differenzierenden Tumorentitäten zu einer relevanten Prognoseverbesserung geführt. Beispiele wie das EGFR-mutierte Bronchialkarzinom oder das BRAF-mutierte maligne Melanom, die effektiv durch Kinaseinhibitoren behandelt werden können, ebenso wie neue Einblicke in genetische Determinanten des Ansprechens auf eine Immuncheckpointblockade lassen darauf hoffen, dass diese Ansätze auch bei anderen Tumorentitäten, Proteinfamilien und Medikamentenklassen Anwendung finden werden. Moderne Hochdurchsatzverfahren zur Sequenzierung von DNA und RNA können detaillierte Informationen über alle somatischen Alterationen in Krebsgenomen liefern und werden zunehmend bezahlbar. Die Integration dieser Analytik in klinische Abläufe stellt aber eine große Herausforderung dar. Innerhalb des NCT MASTER-Programms wurde ein standardisierter Arbeitsablauf etabliert, der ein interdisziplinäres Molekulares Tumorboard beinhaltet und eine umfassende Tumorgenomsequenzierung im klinischen Kontext ermöglicht. Im Rahmen molekular stratifizierter Studienkonzepte gilt es nun, die Umsetzung individueller Therapieempfehlungen und die Evaluation der Therapieresultate zu optimieren.
Personalisierte Medizin in der Hämatologie am Beispiel der akuten myeloischen Leukämie
Authors: Rücker Frank G. , Bullinger Lars
Published: January 2017

Fortschritte in der genetischen Charakterisierung von Leukämien und Lymphomen haben in den letzten Jahren zielgerichtete Therapieansätze ermöglicht. So haben zum Beispiel BCR-ABL1-inhibierende Tyrosinkinaseinhibitoren (TKI) die Behandlung der chronischen myeloischen Leukämie (CML) revolutioniert. Im Gegensatz dazu hat sich die Behandlung der akuten myeloischen Leukämie (AML) in den letzten 40 Jahren nicht wesentlich verändert, wobei neueste Erkenntnisse beginnen, auch zielgerichtete Therapien in der AML zu ermöglichen. Als sehr heterogene Erkrankung mit unterschiedlichem Ausgang, je nach AML-Subtyp, haben jüngste Fortschritte im Verständnis der AML-Biologie und der Identifizierung von Treibermutationen eine neue Ära der molekularen Therapie ermöglicht. Eine Reihe von prognostischen und prädiktiven molekularen Markern und Signalwegen wurden als neue therapeutische Ziele entdeckt, wie z. B. die Aktivierung der Fms-like-tyrosinkinase-3(FLT3)-Rezeptortyrosinkinase oder aberrante DNA-Methylierungsmuster, denen eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Mutationen in epigenetischen Treibern zugrunde liegt. Aber auch zielgerichtete Therapien mit monoklonalen Antikörpern und weiteren Kinaseinhibitoren sind vielversprechende Therapieoptionen, die dazu beitragen könnten, die Heilungsrate der AML weiter verbessern zu können. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden wir die aktuellen Ansätze zielgerichteter Therapien bei der AML beleuchten und einen Ausblick auf neuartige und bevorstehende therapeutische Optionen sowie einen kurzen Überblick zu den aktuellen Optionen bei weiteren hämatologischen Neoplasien geben.
Methods for 20S Immunoproteasome and 20S Constitutive Proteasome Determination Based on SPRI Biosensors
Authors: Anna Sankiewicz , Agnieszka Markowska , Zenon Lukaszewski , Beata Puzan , Ewa Gorodkiewicz
Published: January 2017

The 20S proteasome, released into the circulation, is a novel cancer biomarker. It exists in two forms: the constitutive proteasome (20Sc) and the immunoproteasome (20Si), which both have separate diagnostic significance. The aim of this work was to develop new methods for 20Si and 20Sc determination. Five alternative specific biosensors usable with the surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI) technique for 20Si determination have been developed. Specific 20Si entrapment on the biosensor surface from an analyzed solution was achieved by means of an immobilized specific 20Si receptor. Four of the biosensors contain newly synthesized specific 20Si receptors, while the fifth contains the inhibitor ONX 0914. A method for 20Sc determination using an SPRI biosensor containing PSI inhibitor has been developed. By the introduction of an inhibitor blocking 20Si, 20Sc is selectively determined. All of the methods developed for 20Si and 20Sc determination exhibit good selectivity and satisfactory precision, recoveries and dynamic response ranges. 20Si and 20Sc were determined in blood plasma samples from healthy donors and patients with acute leukemia. In the case of these patients 20Si was the major component, and its level was more than one order of magnitude higher than in the healthy donors.
Controlled Source Audio Magneto Telluric (CSAMT) Studies for Uranium Exploration in Durgi Area, Palnad Sub-basin, Cuddapah Basin, India
Authors: Kumar Indresh , Kumar S. Vijaya , Babu V. Ramesh , Kumar B. V. L. , Dash J. K. , Chaturvedi A. K.
Published: January 2017

Cuddapah basin is known for hosting unconformity proximal uranium deposits viz., Lambapur, Peddagattu, Chitirial and Koppunuru along the northern margin of the basin. It is well known that these deposits are mostly associated with basement granitoids in Srisailam Sub-basin, and with cover sediments in Palnad sub-basin where basement topography and fault/fracture system influence the fluid flow causing basement alteration and ore deposition. Geological setup, surface manifestation of uranium anomalies and association of the hydro-uranium anomalies near Durgi area in southern part of the Palnad sub-basin, have prompted detail investigation by geophysical methods to probe greater depths. Controlled Source Audio Magneto Telluric (CSAMT) survey conducted over five decades of frequency (0.1-9600 Hz) delineated the various lithounits of Kurnool and Nallamalai Groups along with their thicknesses as there exist an appreciable resistivity contrast. Interpretation of CSAMT sounding data are constrained by resistivity logs and litholog data obtained from the boreholes drilled within the basin indicated three to four layered structure. Sub-surface 2-D and 3-D geo-electrical models are simulated by stitching 1-D layered inverted resistivity earth models. Stitched 1-D inverted resistivity sections revealed the unconformity between the Kurnool Group and Nallamalai Group along with basement undulations. The faults/fractures delineated from the CSAMT data corroborated well with the results of gravity data acquired over the same area. Simulated 3-D voxel resistivity model helped in visualising the faults/fractures, their depth extent, thickness of the Banganapalle quartzite and basement configuration. Integrated interpretation of CSAMT, gravity and borehole data facilitated in delineating the unconformity and the structural features favourable for uranium mineralisation in deeper parts of the Palnad sub-basin.
Geochemistry of Vellayani Lake Sediments: Indicators of Weathering and Provenance
Authors: Nair Veena , Achyuthan Hema
Published: January 2017

The Vellayani lake, located on the west coast, Kerala, South India, is a natural fresh water lake. In order to understand the source and nature of the sediments; thirteen lake floor sediment samples were collected from the Vellayani lake at different intervals along the S-N transects covering the entire surface area of the lake. Textural studies indicate that lake floor sediments are dominant in sand (55.39%) followed by clay (30.57%) and silt (14.04%) fractions. Coarse components are dominant at the inlet ofthe stream into the lake. The geochemical content of the sediments reveals low SiO2, MnO, CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O, and P2O5 content while TiO2, Fe2O3 and Al2O3 are high when compared with Post Archean Australian Shale (PAAS) and Upper Continental Crust (UCC) values. SiO2 is high in coarse fractions while Al2O3 is strongly associated with fine sediments. Major oxide contents supported by Rare Earth Element (REE) data reveal a distinct negative Eu anomaly reflecting a dominant cratonic origin of the sediments. Detailed geochemical data indicate a mixed source, predominantly, the lateritic soils, sedimentary and metamorphic bedrocks exposed around the lake and in the catchment area.
Error in Digital Network and Basin Area Delineation using D8 Method: A Case Study in a Sub-basin of the Ganga
Authors: Kumar Brijesh , Patra Kanhu Charan , Lakshmi Venkat
Published: January 2017

Digital elevation model (DEM) is one of the input data derived from different satellite sensors for hydrologic and hydraulic modelings. Two prime questions could be answered before using these DEMs. First, the acceptability of datasets for our use and second appropriate resolution of the dataset. Three widely used DEMs SRTM 30m, ASTER 30m and SRTM 90m are analyzed to evaluate their suitability to delineate river network and basin boundary area. The hydrology tool of spatial analyst extension inbuilt in ArcGIS 10.2 (which uses the D8 method for calculation of flow direction) has been used for the delineation of both river networks and basin boundary. The assessment of river network alignment and boundary delineation is carried out in the seven sub-catchments of Gandak river basin having different morphological characteristics. The automatically delineated boundary area for all the three DEMs reflects a significant difference when compared with the digitized basin area from the Ganga flood control commission (GFCC) map. The maximum boundary area delineation error is 39137.20 km2 for ASTER 30m, and minimum delineation error of 13239.28 km2 for SRTM 90m. In the stream network, delineation accuracy is good for SRTM 90m while, except Gandak trunk, ASTER 30m DEM shows better delineation accuracy indicated by mean absolute error (MAE) and standard deviation (SD).
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction of Quaternary Sedimentation in Eastern Sri Lanka: An Ichnological Study
Authors: Adikaram Madurya , Pitawala Amarasooriya , Ishiga Hiroaki , Jayawardhana Daham
Published: January 2017

Quaternary sediment deposits are well exposed along the eastern coastal margin of Sri Lanka. Systematic trace fossil studies along with sediment characteristics have been carried out for the first time to interpret the paleoenvironment that prevailed during Quaternary sedimentation in eastern Sri Lanka. The trace fossils Thalassinoides, Skolithos and Polykladichnus have been recognized about 5m above the present mean sea level. Features of the major trace fossil, Thalassinoides, indicate that it was formed by Thalassinidean shrimp Calianassa. Isolated, vertical to steeply inclined, cylindrical to sub cylindrical tubes with thin internal wall lining and inner wall striations of Skolithos and Polykladichnus show that they were formed by polychaetes. The typical characteristic of Polykladichnus is Y-shaped branching with slight enlargement at junctions. Morphology and association of burrows as well as mineralogy, grain size and roundness of sediments indicate that the environment prevailed was marine soft grounds of the intertidal zone. Presence of preserved fine-scale features of burrows indicate that the bioturbated sandy tidal flat was suddenly exposed to the tropical environment due to sea level regression in Quaternary periods. Due to the microbial activities of wall linings, burrows were preserved and it was supported by other microbial activities that produced secondary iron bearing minerals that suffered subsequent oxidation. The bio-origination of red sediments of eastern coastal area of the present study can be used to interpret the debatable origin of the red beds found in northwestern and southeastern coastal areas of the island.
Controlled Blasting in a Limestone Mine using Electronic Detonators: A Case Study
Authors: Mishra Arvind K. , Nigam Y. K. , Singh Deepanshu R.
Published: January 2017

Except for very deep-seated deposits, open cast mining method has been recognized as the safest and most productive mode for mining minerals. Ever growing demand in minerals and coal has compelled the mine operators to increase the size of mine, which has resulted in an increasing trend towards large capacity open cast projects. Explosives and blasting techniques play a significant role in efficient opencast mining operations. There have been constant technological developments towards safer, faster, economical and more efficient blasting systems. Further, globally increased competitiveness has necessitated to carryout blasts in such a way that the desired degree of fragmentation is achieved in the primary blast, with minimum undesired side effects such as ground vibration, air blast/noise, flyrock, generation of oversize boulders, formation of toe, and over break or back break. Hence, the ultimate objective of the blasting engineer is to ensure that the blasts are carried out in an eco-friendly manner. This paper presents a case study of limestone mine where a controlled blasting was conducted near a green structure of wagon tippler (at 2 m) being constructed for foundation work of belt conveyor as the mine management wants to double the existing production. This paper deals with controlled blast design and its implementation using electronic detonators with signature hole technique.
Rapid Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: What a General Radiologist Should Know
Authors: Du Elizabeth H.Y. , Shankar Jai J.S.
Published: January 2017

Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality and the third leading cause of disability-adjusted life-years worldwide. For each minute of an ischemic stroke, an estimated 1.9 million brain cells die. The year 2015 saw the unprecedented publication of 5 multicentre, randomized, controlled trials. These studies showed that patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by large-vessel thrombus occlusion of the proximal anterior circulation had significantly reduced disability at 90 days when treated with endovascular thrombectomy and usual stroke care compared to usual stroke care alone. As a result, endovascular thrombectomy is now the new North American and European standard of care for suitable patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by large-vessel proximal anterior circulation occlusion. We review key take-home messages in this paradigm shift for radiologists, including the importance of time and workflow efficiency, what currently constitutes appropriate preimaging patient selection and imaging criteria, the use of newer generation thrombectomy devices, safety outcomes, as well as further areas still in need of elucidation.
Age-related pharmacotherapy of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Slovenia in children and adolescents: A population-based study
Authors: Stuhec M. , Locatelli I.
Published: January 2017

Background

There are no data on age-related pharmacotherapy for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) medication in children and adolescents in the most European countries. The main aim of this paper was to obtain that data for children and adolescents in Slovenia.

Method

The number of ADHD drug prescriptions per patient was obtained from the health claims data on prescription drugs of the Health Insurance Institute of Slovenia for the study period (2003–2015). Three age groups were analyzed: 2–5 years, 6–12 years, and 13–17 years. Only immediate-release methylphenidate (IR-MPH), methylphenidate-osmotic release oral delivery system (OROS-MPH), and atomoxetine (ATX) were available and included in this study.

Results

Less than 50% of patients in Slovenia were treated with medication. The number of patients treated with MPH in the 6–12 age group remained approximately the same between 2007 and 2015 (604–729 patients). In the 13–17 age group, however that number increased 2-fold between 2003 and 2015, from 288 to 555. The number of patients treated with ATX in the 6–12 age group age group increased from 20 to 163 between 2007 and 2015. The number was similar in the 13–17 age group, increasing from 10 to 165 in the same period. In 2015, 21% of the patients from all age groups in this study were treated with ATX.

Conclusions

The number of patients treated for ADHD increased rapidly in all age groups. Patients under the age of six are prescribed medication in Slovenia, which should be avoided.
Missing link in competitive manufacturing research and practice: Customer‐responsive concurrent production
Authors: Schonberger Richard J. , Brown Karen A.
Published: January 2017

Manufacturing management, in its evolving theory, research, and practice, is plagued by mindsets that are narrowly focused on factory efficiency, with insufficient emphasis on customer responsiveness and its dominant role in competitiveness. In our presentation of these issues we describe and advocate customer‐oriented manufacturing practices, in the realm of factory infrastructure. This approach, which we call concurrent production or CP, involves configuring, equipping, and operating factories with a primary focus on synchronization with customer demand. We call on OM researchers to consider these topics in furthering the cause of market competitiveness.
Freud
Authors: Whitebook Joel
Published: January 2017

The life and work of Sigmund Freud continue to fascinate general and professional readers alike. Joel Whitebook here presents the first major biography of Freud since the last century, taking into account recent developments in psychoanalytic theory and practice, gender studies, philosophy, cultural theory, and more. Offering a radically new portrait of the creator of psychoanalysis, this book explores the man in all his complexity alongside an interpretation of his theories that cuts through the stereotypes that surround him. The development of Freud's thinking is addressed not only in the context of his personal life, but also in that of society and culture at large, while the impact of his thinking on subsequent issues of psychoanalysis, philosophy, and social theory is fully examined. Whitebook demonstrates that declarations of Freud's obsolescence are premature, and, with his clear and engaging style, brings this vivid figure to life in compelling and readable fashion.
Asymptotic estimate for the counting problems corresponding to the dynamical system on some decorated graphs
Authors: CHERNYSHEV V. L. , TOLCHENNIKOV A. A.
Published: January 2017

We study a topological space obtained from a graph via replacing vertices with smooth Riemannian manifolds, that is, a decorated graph. We consider the following dynamical system on decorated graphs. Suppose that, at the initial time, we have a narrow wave packet on a one-dimensional edge. It can be thought of as a point moving along the edge. When a packet arrives at the point of gluing, the expanding wavefront begins to spread on the Riemannian manifold. At the same time, there is a partial reflection of the wave packet. When the wavefront that propagates on the surface comes to another point of gluing, it generates a reflected wavefront and a wave packet on an edge. We study the number of Gaussian packets, that is, moving points on one-dimensional edges as time goes to infinity. We prove the asymptotic estimations for this number for the following decorated graphs: a cylinder with an interval, a two-dimensional torus with an interval and a three-dimensional torus with an interval. Also we prove a general theorem about a manifold with an interval and apply it to the case of a uniformly secure manifold.
Hegel’sOffene: Apperception, Absolution and the Absolute
Authors: Wretzel Joshua
Published: January 2017

This paper offers a limited defence of two seemingly disparate interpretive approaches to free thought in Hegel’s JenaPhenomenology of Spirit. On the one hand, I defend the view of so-called post-Kantian Hegelians, that Kant’s synthetic unity of apperception is central to Hegel’s account of free thinking in thePhenomenology. On the other hand, I argue that the notions ofdas Offenein Heidegger’sVom Wesen der WahrheitandAb-Lösungin his 1930/31 lectures on Hegel’sPhenomenologyare no less crucial to an understanding of free thought in Hegel’s work. I show that absolution is a condition for the possibility ofdas Offene, which is a condition for the possibility of apperception in its reflexive capacity.
Dispersion Study of Propagation of Torsional Surface Wave in a Layered Structure
Authors: Gupta S. , Bhengra N.
Published: January 2017

This paper presents the feasibility of torsional surface wave propagation in an anisotropic layer sandwiched between two anisotropic inhomogeneous media. The anisotropy considered in the upper layer and the lower half-space is of transversely isotropic kind while the sandwiched anisotropic layer is a porous layer. The directional rigidities and density have been considered linearly and exponentially varying in the half-space and in the upper layer respectively, while it is taken as a variable in the sandwiched layer. The compact form of dispersion equation governing the propagation of the torsional surface wave has been derived by using the Whittaker function under appropriate boundary conditions. The dispersion of the torsional wave and the effects of inhomogeneity parameters, initial stress and poroelastic constant have been calculated numerically and demonstrated through graphs.
Shear Lag and Related Parameter Impact Researches for Twin-Cell Composite Box Beam Under Concentrated Loads
Authors: Yu J. , Hu S. W. , Zhang Z. G. , Wei C. J.
Published: January 2017

An analytical solution is launched for Twin-cell Composite Box Beam (TCCBB) considering the impact of shear lag effects of concrete slab and twin-cell steel girder. To in-depth explore its mechanical mechanism, a new warping displacement mode of wide flange is chosen to meet the essential deformation feature of this TCCBB model by authors. Combining the virtual work principle with the thin-walled beam theory, its governing equations and boundary conditions are established for the TCCBB model. Closed form solutions for longitudinal strain and its shear lag coefficients are also derived under concentrated loads. What's more, experiment investigation and related parameter impact analysis are carried out for this established TCCBB model. Through this research, it shows that the proposed method can be applied to describe and predict shear lag behaviors for this type of composite structure. That further suggests that it provides a certain reference value for engineering design and its late reinforcement and maintenance in the composite structure.