bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Close Association of Metastasis‐Associated Protein 1 Overexpression with Increased Angiogenesis and Poor Survival in Patients with Histologically Node‐Negative Gastric Cancer
Authors: Deng Xiaomei , Du Lutao , Wang Chuanxin , Yang Yongmei , Li Juan , Liu Hui , Zhang Jian , Wang Lili , Zhang Xin , Li Wei , Zhang Xuhua , Wang Shun , Dong Zhaogang
Published: January 2013

Background

Although metastasis‐associated protein 1 (MTA1) has been recently demonstrated as a potent angiogenesis‐promoting factor in various malignant tumors, its angiogenic property in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. This study has detected the expression of MTA1 protein in surgically resected tissues of pathologic N0 (pN0) GC and further investigated its relation with other clinicopathologic factors and tumor angiogenesis and prognosis.

Methods

MTA1 protein expression was detected immunohistochemically in 111 pN0 GC specimens. Its correlations with clinicopathologic factors and tumor prognosis were evaluated. The intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) was assessed based on CD105 antigen immunoreactivity and analyzed for correlation with MTA1 protein expression.

Results

Overexpression of MTA1 was detected in 36.04 % of patients and exhibited a significant association with tumor size and MVD. Survival analysis demonstrated that both overall (OS) and disease‐free (DFS) survivals in patients overexpressing MTA1 were significantly poorer than those without MTA1 overexpression 5 years after the operation (both p < 0.001). Multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that MTA1 overexpression was an independent prognosticator for unfavorable OS and DFS (p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

MTA1 overexpression is frequently observed in pN0 GC patients and is significantly associated with increased angiogenesis and poor prognosis. Detection of MTA1 protein expression may help predict the relapse and prognosis of pN0 GC. Also, MTA1 protein may form a novel target for antiangiogenic therapy.
The sharp-interface limit of the Cahn–Hilliard/Navier–Stokes model for binary fluids
Authors: Magaletti F. , Picano F. , Chinappi M. , Marino L. , Casciola C. M.
Published: January 2013

The Cahn–Hilliard model is increasingly often being used in combination with the incompressible Navier–Stokes equation to describe unsteady binary fluids in a variety of applications ranging from turbulent two-phase flows to microfluidics. The thickness of the interface between the two bulk fluids and the mobility are the main parameters of the model. For real fluids they are usually too small to be directly used in numerical simulations. Several authors proposed criteria for the proper choice of interface thickness and mobility in order to reach the so-called ‘sharp-interface limit’. In this paper the problem is approached by a formal asymptotic expansion of the governing equations. It is shown that the mobility is an effective parameter to be chosen proportional to the square of the interface thickness. The theoretical results are confirmed by numerical simulations for two prototypal flows, namely capillary waves riding the interface and droplets coalescence. The numerical analysis of two different physical problems confirms the theoretical findings and establishes an optimal relationship between the effective parameters of the model.
Experimental investigation of axisymmetric hypersonic shock-wave/turbulent-boundary-layer interactions
Authors: Murray N. , Hillier R. , Williams S.
Published: January 2013

This paper presents time-averaged data for high-Reynolds-number hypersonic shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions, using a body of revolution to achieve high standards of two-dimensionality. The data are collected at nominal Mach 8.9, but a calibration is included that permits weak flow gradients in the test section to be incorporated as part of the data interpretation or flow modelling. The axisymmetric turbulent test boundary layer is developed on a hollow cylinder, aligned axially with the flow. The shock-wave interaction with this boundary layer is then generated by two separate configurations. Firstly, an impinging shock-wave case, that uses a concentric cowl to radiate an axisymmetric shock system onto the test boundary layer: for this case both an attached flow and a separated flow interaction are formed. Secondly, use of a conical-flare afterbody to produce a separated flow interaction. Quantitative data are presented for surface pressures and heat transfer, supported by some schlieren visualization and surface oil flows. A restricted CFD programme is included to assist the interpretation of the experiments.
Influence of low-frequency vibration on thermocapillary instability in a binary mixture with the Soret effect: long-wave versus short-wave perturbations
Authors: Fayzrakhmanova Irina S. , Shklyaev Sergey , Nepomnyashchy Alexander A.
Published: January 2013

We study the influence of low-frequency vibration on Marangoni instability in a layer of a binary mixture with the Soret effect. A linear stability analysis is performed numerically for perturbations of a finite wavelength (short-wave perturbations). Competition between long-wave and short-wave modes is found: the former ones are critical at smaller absolute values of the Soret number $\chi $, whereas the latter ones lead to instability at higher $\vert \chi \vert $. In both cases the vibration destabilizes the layer. Two variants of calculations are performed: via Floquet theory (linear asymptotic stability) and taking noise into consideration (empirical criterion). It is found that fluctuations substantially reduce the domains of stability. Further, while studying a limiting case within the empirical criterion, we have found a short-wave instability mode overlooked in former investigations of coupled Rayleigh–Marangoni convection in a layer of pure liquid.
A scaling analysis for turbulent shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions
Authors: Souverein L. J. , Bakker P. G. , Dupont P.
Published: January 2013

A model based on mass conservation properties is developed for shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions (SWBLIs), aimed at reconciling the observed great diversity in flow organization documented in the literature, induced by variations in interaction geometry and aerodynamic conditions. It is the basis for a scaling approach for the interaction length that is valid independent of the geometry of the flow (considering compression corners and incident-reflecting shock interactions). As part of the analysis, a scaling argument is proposed for the imposed pressure jump that depends principally on the free-stream Mach number and the flow deflection angle. Its interpretation as a separation criterion leads to a successful classification of the separation states for turbulent SWBLIs (attached, incipient or separated). In addition, the dependence of the interaction length on the Reynolds number and the Mach numbers is accounted for. A large compilation of available data provides support for the validity of the model. Some general properties on the state of the flow are derived, independent of the geometry of the flow and for a wide range of Mach numbers and Reynolds numbers.
The inverse water wave problem of bathymetry detection
Authors: Vasan Vishal , Deconinck Bernard
Published: January 2013

The inverse water wave problem of bathymetry detection is the problem of deducing the bottom topography of the seabed from measurements of the water wave surface. In this paper, we present a fully nonlinear method to address this problem in the context of the Euler equations for inviscid irrotational fluid flow with no further approximation. Given the water wave height and its first two time derivatives, we demonstrate that the bottom topography may be reconstructed from the numerical solution of a set of two coupled non-local equations. Owing to the presence of growing hyperbolic functions in these equations, their numerical solution is increasingly difficult if the length scales involved are such that the water is sufficiently deep. This reflects the ill-posed nature of the inverse problem. A new method for the solution of the forward problem of determining the water wave surface at any time, given the bathymetry, is also presented.
Thermocapillary flow regimes and instability caused by a gas stream along the interface
Authors: Shevtsova V. , Gaponenko Y. A. , Nepomnyashchy A.
Published: January 2013

We present the results of a numerical study of the thermocapillary (Marangoni) convection in a liquid bridge of $\mathit{Pr}= 12$ ($n$-decane) and $\mathit{Pr}= 68$ (5 cSt silicone oil) when the interface is subjected to an axial gas stream. The gas flow is co- or counter-directed with respect to the Marangoni flow. In the case when the gas stream comes from the cold side, it cools down the interface to a temperature lower than that of the liquid beneath and in a certain region of the parameter space that cooling causes an instability due to a temperature difference in the direction perpendicular to the interface. The disturbances are swept by the thermocapillary flow to the cold side, which leads to the appearance of axisymmetric waves propagating in the axial direction from the hot to cold side. The mechanism of this new two-dimensional oscillatory instability is similar to that of the Pearson’s instability of the rest state in a thin layer heated from below (Pearson, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 4, 1958, p. 489), and it appears at the value of the transverse Marangoni number ${ \mathit{Ma}}_{\perp }^{cr} \approx 39\text{{\ndash}} 44$ lower than that of the Pearson’s instability in a horizontal layer ($48\lt { \mathit{Ma}}_{\perp }^{cr} \lt 80$, depending on the Biot number). The generality of the instability mechanism indicates that it is not limited to cylindrical geometry and might be observed in a liquid layer with cold gas stream.
Saccharomyces boulardii ameliorates clarithromycin- and methotrexate-induced intestinal and hepatic injury in rats
Authors: Duman Deniz Güney , Kumral Zarife Nigâr Özdemir , Ercan Feriha , Deniz Mustafa , Can Güray , Çağlayan Yeğen Berrak
Published: January 2013

Saccharomyces boulardii is a probiotic used for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. We aimed to investigate whether S. boulardii could alter the effects of clarithromycin (CLA) and methotrexate (MTX) on oro-caecal intestinal transit and oxidative damage in rats. Rats were divided into two groups receiving a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg) or CLA (20 mg/kg per d) for 1 week. Groups were treated with either saline or S. boulardii (500 mg/kg) twice per d throughout the experiment. The control group was administered only saline. Following decapitation, intestinal transit and inflammation markers of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase were measured in intestinal and hepatic tissues. CLA and MTX increased intestinal transit, while S. boulardii treatment slowed down CLA-facilitated transit back to control level. Both MTX and CLA increased lipid peroxidation while depleting the antioxidant GSH content in the hepatic and ileal tissues. Conversely, lipid peroxidation was depressed and GSH levels were increased in the ileal and hepatic tissues of S. boulardii-treated rats. Increased ileal neutrophil infiltration due to MTX and CLA treatments was also reduced by S. boulardii treatment. Histological analysis supported that S. boulardii protected intestinal tissues against the inflammatory effects of both agents. These findings suggest that S. boulardii ameliorates intestinal injury and the accompanying hepatic inflammation by supporting the antioxidant state of the tissues and by inhibiting the recruitment of neutrophils. Moreover, a preventive effect on MTX-induced toxicity is a novel finding of S. boulardii, proposing it as an adjunct to chemotherapy regimens.
Making the Millennium: the Mid-Nineteenth Century Peace Movement
Authors: Tyrrell Alexander
Published: January 2013

On 22 August 1849 a privately sponsored peace congress opened in the Salle de Sainte Cécile in Paris. In the chair was Victor Hugo, assisted as vice presidents and secretaries by a team of men from Britain, the United States, France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany. Several of these men, such as Richard Cobden, were members of the legislatures of their respective countries: others were prominent clergymen and philanthropists. Seated before them were delegates from a slightly wider range of countries which in that blissfully Eurocentric era were deemed to represent the world. They had been brought together by an invitation sent by the London-based Peace Congress Committee to well-known individual sympathizers, peace societies, religious bodies, philanthropic and other civic groups. The business before them consisted of a series of propositions advocating international arbitration, general and simultaneous disarmament, a congress of nations, an international court, and various measures designed to facilitate international communication. This peace congress was the second in a series of four convened between 1848 and 1851 in Brussels, Paris, Frankfort and London to co-ordinate and develop various pressure-group activities which had gained momentum during the late 1840s in Britain and the United States.
BIOSOCIAL COMPARISON OF MID-UPPER ARM CIRCUMFERENCE IN THE TWO KOREAS
Authors: SCHWEKENDIEK DANIEL
Published: January 2013

Anthropometric differences between the two Koreas are of considerable public and scientific interest given the unique socio-political status of North Korea and the fact that the nations share the same genetic ancestry. This study provides new biosocial evidence on these differences by analysing mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) as a human welfare indicator. This is the first study to compare the nutritional status of adults surveyed inside North Korea with South Koreans. The MUAC measurements of 2793 North Korean women obtained through a household survey conducted in 2002 were compared with those of 1428 South Korean women surveyed around 2003. Comparative analysis was conducted by plotting centiles and calculating mean differences in MUAC by age. This paper finds that the MUAC of the South Koreans was on average 2.8 cm greater than that of their North Korean peers, with MUAC gaps ranging from 1.6 cm to 3.9 cm and becoming more pronounced with age. This research confirms previous studies on height and weight in the two Germanies and in the two Koreas that have shown that biosocial performance is worse in socialist economies as compared with free-market regimes.
Externalizing biases and hallucinations in source-monitoring, self-monitoring and signal detection studies: a meta-analytic review
Authors: Brookwell M. L. , Bentall R. P. , Varese F.
Published: January 2013

Background

Cognitive models have postulated that auditory hallucinations arise from the misattribution of internally generated cognitive events to external sources. Several experimental paradigms have been developed to assess this externalizing bias in clinical and non-clinical hallucination-prone samples, including source-monitoring, verbal self-monitoring and auditory signal detection tasks. This meta-analysis aims to synthesize the wealth of empirical findings from these experimental studies.

Method

A database search was carried out for reports between January 1985 and March 2012. Additional studies were retrieved by contacting authors and screening references of eligible reports. Studies were considered eligible if they compared either (i) hallucinating and non-hallucinating patients with comparable diagnoses, or (ii) non-clinical hallucination-prone and non-prone participants using source-monitoring, verbal self-monitoring or signal detection tasks, or used correlational analyses to estimate comparable effects.

Results

The analysis included 15 clinical (240 hallucinating patients and 249 non-hallucinating patients) and nine non-clinical studies (171 hallucination-prone and 177 non-prone participants; 57 participants in a correlation study). Moderate-to-large summary effects were observed in both the clinical and analogue samples. Robust and significant effects were observed in source-monitoring and signal detection studies, but not in self-monitoring studies, possibly due to the small numbers of eligible studies in this subgroup. The use of emotionally valenced stimuli led to effects of similar magnitude to the use of neutral stimuli.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that externalizing biases are important cognitive underpinnings of hallucinatory experiences. Clinical interventions targeting these biases should be explored as possible treatments for clients with distressing voices.
Three-dimensional use of marine habitats by juvenile emperor penguinsAptenodytes forsteriduring post-natal dispersal
Authors: Thiebot Jean-Baptiste , Lescroël Amélie , Barbraud Christophe , Bost Charles-André
Published: January 2013

The juvenile phase is poorly known in Antarctic seabirds, despite being a critical period for individual survival. To better understand the ecology of young Antarctic seabirds, we surveyed for the first time the three-dimensional habitat use of six juvenile emperor penguins during their post-natal dispersal from Terre Adélie, using bio-telemetric tags. The tags transmitted location and activity data for nearly 100 days on average. One individual was followed during eight months and covered 7000 km, which represents the longest continuous individual survey for the species. Studied individuals first dispersed away from Antarctica, up to 54.7°S and 1250 km north of the pack-ice edge, in the Polar Frontal Zone. This highlighted a much looser association with sea ice and a greater at-sea range compared to previous knowledge on breeding adults. Juvenile penguins then moved southwards close to the extending pack-ice during autumn and winter. Over the survey duration, juveniles showed a contrasting use of marine habitats, with less mobility, less time underwater, and shallower dives (generally not over 50–100 m) in the pack ice, versus greater distances travelled, more time spent underwater, especially deeper than 100 m (up to 250–300 m) in open water. We discuss hypotheses which could explain the northward exodus of juvenile emperor penguins across contrasting habitats.
Mild Hypercholesterolemia Blunts the Proinflammatory and Prothrombotic Effects of Hypertension on the Cerebral Microcirculation
Authors: Rodrigues Stephen F , Vital Shantel A , Granger D Neil
Published: January 2013

Although an increased leukocyte and platelet adhesion is observed in cerebral venules of mice with either hypertension (HTN) or hypercholesterolemia (HCh), it remains unclear whether the combination of HTN and HCh exerts a comparable effect on leukocyte and platelet recruitment in the cerebral microvasculature. Thus, we examined whether HCh alters platelet and leukocyte adhesion, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability, in cerebral venules in two models of murine HTN: DOCA salt-induced and angiotensin II (Ang II) induced. In both models, the mice were placed on either a normal or cholesterol-enriched diet. An enhanced recruitment of adherent leukocytes and platelets in cerebral venules was noted in both HTN models in the absence of HCh, but not in its presence. The Ang II-induced increase in BBB permeability was attenuated by HCh as well. Both total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were elevated in the HCh mice. The HTN-induced increase in leukocyte and platelet adhesion was attenuated in apolipoprotein A-I transgenic mice (ApoA1-Tg) and blunted in wild-type mice treated with the ApoA1 mimetic peptide, 4F. Our findings indicate that mild HCh significantly blunts the cerebral microvascular responses to HTN and that HDL may have a role in mediating this beneficial effect of HCh.
Voxel-Based Imaging of Translocator Protein 18Kda (TSPO) in High-Resolution PET
Authors: Ko Ji Hyun , Koshimori Yuko , Mizrahi Romina , Rusjan Pablo , Wilson Alan A , Lang Anthony E , Houle Sylvain , Strafella Antonio P
Published: January 2013

In vivo imaging of translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) has received significant attention as potential biomarker of microglia activation. Several radioligands have been designed with improved properties. Our group recently developed an 18F-labeled TSPO ligand, [18F]-FEPPA, and confirmed its reliability with a 2-tissue compartment model. Here, we extended, in a group of healthy subjects, its suitability for use in voxel-based analysis with the newly proposed graphical analysis approach, Relative-Equilibrium-Gjedde-Patlak (REGP) plot. The REGP plot successfully replicated the total distribution volumes estimated by the 2-tissue compartment model. We also showed its proof-of-concept in a patient with possible meningioma showing increased [18F]-FEPPA total distribution volume.
Functions containing a heteroatom different from oxygen
Authors: Albini Angelo , Fasani Elisa
Published: January 2013

The main photochemical reactions of chromophores containing nitrogen, silicon, sulfur and halogen atoms are briefly reviewed.
History of the Asian and Oceanian Photochemistry Association (APA)
Authors: Inoue Haruo
Published: January 2013

The history of the Asian and Oceanian Photochemistry Association (APA), the largest photochemistry association in the world, is briefly reviewed. This was established in 2002 and actually was born at the kick-off meeting in 2001. The history of previous associations is also considered.
Dynamic behavior of acrylic acid clusters as quasi-mobile nodes in a model of hydrogel network
Authors: Zidek Jan , Milchev Andrey , Vilgis Thomas A.
Published: January 2013

Using a molecular dynamics simulation, we study the thermo-mechanical behavior of a model hydrogel subject to deformation and change in temperature. The model is found to describe qualitatively poly-lactide-glycolide hydrogels in which acrylic acid (AA)-groups are believed to play the role of quasi-mobile nodes in the formation of a network. From our extensive analysis of the structure, formation, and disintegration of the AA-groups, we are able to elucidate the relationship between structure and viscous-elastic behavior of the model hydrogel. Thus, in qualitative agreement with observations, we find a softening of the mechanical response at large deformations, which is enhanced by growing temperature. Several observables as the non-affinity parameter A and the network rearrangement parameter V indicate the existence of a (temperature-dependent) threshold degree of deformation beyond which the quasi-elastic response of the model system turns over into plastic (ductile) one. The critical stretching when the affinity of the deformation is lost can be clearly located in terms of A and V as well as by analysis of the energy density of the system. The observed stress-strain relationship matches that of known experimental systems.
Crystallization of Ge2Sb2Te5 films by amplified femtosecond optical pulses
Authors: Liu Y. , Aziz M. M. , Shalini A. , Wright C. D. , Hicken R. J.
Published: January 2013

The phase transition between the amorphous and crystalline states of Ge2Sb2Te5 has been studied by exposure of thin films to series of 60 femtosecond (fs) amplified laser pulses. The analysis of microscope images of marks of tens of microns in size provide an opportunity to examine the effect of a continuous range of optical fluence. For a fixed number of pulses, the dependence of the area of the crystalline mark upon the fluence is well described by simple algebraic results that provide strong evidence that thermal transport within the sample is one-dimensional (vertical). The crystalline mark area was thus defined by the incident fs laser beam profile rather than by lateral heat diffusion, with a sharp transition between the crystalline and amorphous materials as confirmed from line scans of the microscope images. A simplified, one-dimensional model that accounts for optical absorption, thermal transport and thermally activated crystallization provides values of the optical reflectivity and mark area that are in very good quantitative agreement with the experimental data, further justifying the one-dimensional heat flow assumption. Typically, for fluences below the damage threshold, the crystalline mark has annular shape, with the fluence at the centre of the irradiated mark being sufficient to induce melting. The fluence at the centre of the mark was correlated with the melt depth from the thermal model to correctly predict the observed melt fluence thresholds and to explain the closure and persistence of the annular crystalline marks as functions of laser fluence and pulse number. A solid elliptical mark may be obtained for smaller fluences. The analysis of marks made by amplified fs pulses present a new and effective means of observing the crystallization dynamics of phase-change material at elevated temperatures near the melting point, which provided estimates of the growth velocity in the range 7-9 m/s. Furthermore, finer control over the crystallization process in phase-change media can be obtained by controlling the number of pulses which, along with the laser fluence, can be tailored to any medium stack with relaxed restrictions on the thermal properties of the layers in the stack.
Realistic performance prediction in nanostructured solar cells as a function of nanostructure dimensionality and density
Authors: Tobías I. , Luque A. , Antolín E. , García-Linares P. , Ramiro I. , Hernández E. , Martí A.
Published: January 2013

The behavior of quantum dot, quantum wire, and quantum well InAs/GaAs solar cells is studied with a very simplified model based on experimental results in order to assess their performance as a function of the low bandgap material volume fraction fLOW. The efficiency of structured devices is found to exceed the efficiency of a non-structured GaAs cell, in particular under concentration, when fLOW is high; this condition is easier to achieve with quantum wells. If three different quasi Fermi levels appear with quantum dots the efficiency can be much higher.
Computational analysis of the effects of matrix-degrading enzymes on cancer-cell invasion
Authors: Zhang Linan , Kang Seongwon , Kim Dongchoul
Published: January 2013

Cancer cells secrete matrix degrading enzymes (MDEs) and invade the extracellular matrix (ECM) that is degraded by MDEs. This paper presents a dynamic model that incorporates multiple components and mechanisms to investigate the invasion process of cancer cells. The degradation of ECM by MDEs secreted by cancer cells and the consequent influence on cancer-cell invasion are systematically investigated. The morphology and velocity of cancer cells are analytically characterized by critical factors with the developed model, which are the secreting rate of MDEs, the natural degrading rate of MDEs, and the degrading rate of ECM. The simulation results are consistent with the experimental observations and suggest a substantial potential of the presented model for computational cancer research.
First passage times in homogeneous nucleation and self-assembly
Authors: Yvinec Romain , D'Orsogna Maria R. , Chou Tom
Published: January 2013

Motivated by nucleation and molecular aggregation in physical, chemical, and biological settings, we present a thorough analysis of the general problem of stochastic self-assembly of a fixed number of identical particles in a finite volume. We derive the backward Kolmogorov equation (BKE) for the cluster probability distribution. From the BKE, we study the distribution of times it takes for a single maximal cluster to be completed, starting from any initial particle configuration. In the limits of slow and fast self-assembly, we develop analytical approaches to calculate the mean cluster formation time and to estimate the first assembly time distribution. We find, both analytically and numerically, that faster detachment can lead to a shorter mean time to first completion of a maximum-sized cluster. This unexpected effect arises from a redistribution of trajectory weights such that upon increasing the detachment rate, paths that take a shorter time to complete a cluster become more likely.
Effect of alloying element Al substitution on Ni-Mn-Sn shape memory alloy by first-principle calculations
Authors: Xiao H. B. , Yang C. P. , Wang R. L. , Marchenkov V. V. , Bärner K.
Published: January 2013

The effect of alloying element aluminum on the magnetic properties and martensitic transition in Ni8Mn6Sn2−xAlx shape memory alloys has been studied using the density-functional theory. It is found that the tetragonality, c/a, of the martensite phase increases gradually from 1.30 to 1.34 with increasing Al content. The equilibrium equation of state results show that the alloys Ni8Mn6Sn2−xAlx exhibit an antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition in the austenite phase with x increasing. In particular, when x = 2, an unique magnetic transition occurs from ferromagnetic austenite (6.30 μB/f.u) to antiferromagnetic martensite (1.82 μB/f.u), as characterized by the spin polarized electronic density of states.
The He + ${\rm H}_2^+$H2+ → HeH+ + H reaction: Ab initio studies of the potential energy surface, benchmark time-independent quantum dynamics in an extended energy range and comparison with experiments
Authors: De Fazio Dario , de Castro-Vitores Miguel , Aguado Alfredo , Aquilanti Vincenzo , Cavalli Simonetta
Published: January 2013

In this work we critically revise several aspects of previous ab initio quantum chemistry studies [P. Palmieri et al., Mol. Phys. 98, 1835 (2000);10.1080/00268970009483387 C. N. Ramachandran et al., Chem. Phys. Lett. 469, 26 (2009)]10.1016/j.cplett.2008.12.035 of the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}${\rm HeH}_2^+$\end{document} HeH 2+ system. New diatomic curves for the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}${\rm H}_2^+$\end{document}H2+ and HeH+ molecular ions, which provide vibrational frequencies at a near spectroscopic level of accuracy, have been generated to test the quality of the diatomic terms employed in the previous analytical fittings. The reliability of the global potential energy surfaces has also been tested performing benchmark quantum scattering calculations within the time-independent approach in an extended interval of energies. In particular, the total integral cross sections have been calculated in the total collision energy range 0.955–2.400 eV for the scattering of the He atom by the ortho- and para-hydrogen molecular ion. The energy profiles of the total integral cross sections for selected vibro-rotational states of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}${\rm H}_2^+$\end{document}H2+ (v = 0, …,5 and j = 1, …,7) show a strong rotational enhancement for the lower vibrational states which becomes weaker as the vibrational quantum number increases. Comparison with several available experimental data is presented and discussed.
Theory and Monte Carlo simulations for the stretching of flexible and semiflexible single polymer chains under external fields
Authors: Manca Fabio , Giordano Stefano , Palla Pier Luca , Cleri Fabrizio , Colombo Luciano
Published: January 2013

Recent developments of microscopic mechanical experiments allow the manipulation of individual polymer molecules in two main ways: uniform stretching by external forces and non-uniform stretching by external fields. Many results can be thereby obtained for specific kinds of polymers and specific geometries. In this work, we describe the non-uniform stretching of a single, non-branched polymer molecule by an external field (e.g., fluid in uniform motion, or uniform electric field) by a universal physical framework, which leads to general conclusions on different types of polymers. We derive analytical results both for the freely-jointed chain and the worm-like chain models based on classical statistical mechanics. Moreover, we provide a Monte Carlo numerical analysis of the mechanical properties of flexible and semiflexible polymers anchored at one end. The simulations confirm the analytical achievements, and moreover allow to study the situations where the theory cannot provide explicit and useful results. In all cases, we evaluate the average conformation of the polymer and its fluctuation statistics as a function of the chain length, bending rigidity, and field strength.
Semiflexible polymers under external fields confined to two dimensions
Authors: Lamura A. , Winkler R. G.
Published: January 2013

The non-equilibrium structural and dynamical properties of semiflexible polymers confined to two dimensions are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. Three different scenarios are considered: the force-extension relation of tethered polymers, the relaxation of an initially stretched semiflexible polymer, and semiflexible polymers under shear flow. We find quantitative agreement with theoretical predictions for the force-extension relation and the time dependence of the entropically contracting polymer. The semiflexible polymers under shear flow exhibit significant conformational changes at large shear rates, where less stiff polymers are extended by the flow, whereas rather stiff polymers are contracted. In addition, the polymers are aligned by the flow, thereby the two-dimensional semiflexible polymers behave similarly to flexible polymers in three dimensions. The tumbling times display a power-law dependence at high shear rate rates with an exponent comparable to the one of flexible polymers in three-dimensional systems.
Traffic-driven epidemic outbreak on complex networks: How long does it take?
Authors: Yang Han-Xin , Wang Wen-Xu , Lai Ying-Cheng
Published: January 2013

Recent studies have suggested the necessity to incorporate traffic dynamics into the process of epidemic spreading on complex networks, as the former provides support for the latter in many real-world situations. While there are results on the asymptotic scope of the spreading dynamics, the issue of how fast an epidemic outbreak can occur remains outstanding. We observe numerically that the density of the infected nodes exhibits an exponential increase with time initially, rendering definable a characteristic time for the outbreak. We then derive a formula for scale-free networks, which relates this time to parameters characterizing the traffic dynamics and the network structure such as packet-generation rate and betweenness distribution. The validity of the formula is tested numerically. Our study indicates that increasing the average degree and/or inducing traffic congestion can slow down the spreading process significantly.
Effect of polarization force on the Mach cones in a complex plasma
Authors: Bandyopadhyay P. , Jiang K. , Dey R. , Morfill G. E.
Published: January 2013

We report the modifications of compressional Mach cone propagation characteristics due to the polarization force acting on micron size dust particles embedded in a non-uniform plasma. We solve the hydrodynamic fluid equations for highly charged dust particles to investigate the Mach cone by incorporating the polarization force in the momentum equation and observe the structural change on lateral wakes at different polarization force for a given Mach number and Epstein drag force. We also notice that the maximum amplitude of normalized dust density perturbation decreases with the increase of polarization interaction when the other parameters remain constant.
Germanium metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors evanescently coupled with upper-level silicon oxynitride dielectric waveguides
Authors: Cervantes-González Juan C. , Ahn Donghwan , Zheng Xiaoguang , Banerjee Sanjay K. , Jacome Alfonso T. , Campbell Joe C. , Zaldivar-Huerta Ignacio E.
Published: January 2013

We demonstrate Ge-on-Si metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors monolithically integrated with silicon oxynitride (SiOxNy) waveguides. The waveguide is placed on top of the photodetector and between the metal electrodes, evading the shading effect by metal electrodes, which is typical in surface-illuminated MSM photodetectors. The devices showed responsivity of about 0.45 A/W for 80 μm long devices at 1550 nm. The photodetector with 1.5 μm electrode spacing showed 3 dB bandwidth of 2.0 GHz at −2 V and 2 μA dark current. Further studies suggest that with a modified design the structure is capable of achieving 1 A/W responsivity and greater bandwidth.
Spin blockade with spin singlet electrons
Authors: Sun Y. C. , Amaha S. , Huang S. M. , Lin J. J. , Kono K. , Ono K.
Published: January 2013

We observe a singlet spin blockade (SSB) in two-electron vertical double quantum dots where the single-electron transport is blocked for spin singlet electrons. In contrast to the conventional Pauli spin blockade with spin triplet electrons, this singlet spin blockade is observed under high magnetic field, where the doubly occupied states in one of the dots go beyond the singlet-triplet ground-state transition. The SSB region in Coulomb diamond measurements is in agreement with the two-electron excitation spectrum. A leakage current of 10 pA order is observed in SSB, consistent with the spin singlet lifetime due to random nuclear spin fluctuations.
Step like surface potential on few layered graphene oxide
Authors: Jaafar M. , López-Polín G. , Gómez-Navarro C. , Gómez-Herrero J.
Published: January 2013

We report surface potential maps of few layered graphene oxide films on different substrates. Kelvin probe force microscopy images reveal that the surface potential decreases in steps with increasing number of layers on the substrate until five layers are reached, where it saturates to a constant value. This intrinsic behavior is smeared out in the presence of ambient humidity where the surface potential is shielded by the presence of a thin water layer on the surface. This effect can be exploited to quickly determine the number of layers of graphene oxide on a substrate.
Dynamics of a polariton condensate transistor switch
Authors: Antón C. , Liew T. C. H. , Tosi G. , Martín M. D. , Gao T. , Hatzopoulos Z. , Eldridge P. S. , Savvidis P. G. , Viña L.
Published: January 2013

We present a time-resolved study of the logical operation of a polariton condensate transistor switch. Creating a polariton condensate (source) in a GaAs ridge-shaped microcavity with a non-resonant pulsed laser beam, the polariton propagation towards a collector, at the ridge edge, is controlled by a second weak pulse (gate), located between the source and the collector. The experimental results are interpreted in the light of simulations based on the generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation, including incoherent pumping, decay, and energy relaxation within the condensate.
Thermal conductivities of one-dimensional anharmonic/nonlinear lattices: renormalized phonons and effective phonon theory
Authors: Li Nianbei , Li Baowen
Published: January 2013

Heat transport in low-dimensional systems has attracted enormous attention from both theoretical and experimental aspects due to its significance to the perception of fundamental energy transport theory and its potential applications in the emerging field of phononics: manipulating heat flow with electronic anologs. We consider the heat conduction of one-dimensional nonlinear lattice models. The energy carriers responsible for the heat transport have been identified as the renormalized phonons. Within the framework of renormalized phonons, a phenomenological theory, effective phonon theory, has been developed to explain the heat transport in general one-dimensional nonlinear lattices. With the help of numerical simulations, it has been verified that this effective phonon theory is able to predict the scaling exponents of temperature-dependent thermal conductivities quantitatively and consistently.
Thermal transport in nanostructures
Authors: Yang Nuo , Xu Xiangfan , Zhang Gang , Li Baowen
Published: January 2013

This review summarizes recent studies of thermal transport in nanoscaled semiconductors. Different from bulk materials, new physics and novel thermal properties arise in low dimensional nanostructures, such as the abnormal heat conduction, the size dependence of thermal conductivity, phonon boundary/edge scatterings. It is also demonstrated that phonons transport super-diffusively in low dimensional structures, in other words, Fourier's law is not applicable. Based on manipulating phonons, we also discuss envisioned applications of nanostructures in a broad area, ranging from thermoelectrics, heat dissipation to phononic devices.
Thermal electric effects in Fe|GaAs|Fe tunnel junctions
Authors: Jia Xintao , Xia Ke
Published: January 2013

We study the spin polarized thermoelectric effects on Fe|GaAs|Fe tunnel junction using a generalized Landauer-Büttiker formalism, where the energy flow is described on the same footing as the electric current. The Seebeck coefficient of tunnel junction will change sign as the GaAs thickness increases. We demonstrate the thermally induced STT on Fe|GaAs|Fe tunnel junction is robust against the interfacial defects and is non-negligible.
Charge-induced series resistance switching in GaAs solar cells
Authors: Folkes P. A. , Olver K.
Published: January 2013

We report the observation of an abrupt decrease in the series resistance and a concurrent steep increase in the dark current at a threshold voltage, and subsequent hysteresis in the current-voltage characteristics of GaAs p-n junction solar cells. Our data suggests that the observed switch in the series resistance can be attributed to a thin insulating layer at the contact / semiconductor interface that contributes a voltage-and-light-dependent component to the solar cell series resistance.
The Waldhorn and Its Associations in Bach's Time
Authors: Fitzpatrick Horace
Published: January 2013

(The following is intended as a documentary supplement to the brief account of the subject in the author's paper “The Valveless Horn in Modern Performances of Eighteenth-Century Music” as printed in the Proceedings of the R. M. A. Vol. 91 (1964/65), pp. 45–60.)
The Minstrels of the English Royal Households, 25 Edward I—1 Henry VIII: An Inventory
Authors: Rastall Richard
Published: January 2013

The following list is an attempt to show in the most useful form what minstrels are known to me to have been in regular employment in the English Court between about 1297 and the coronation of Henry VIII in 1509. In addition, I have included a few references earlier than 25 Edward I.
An Inventory of Choirbooks At S. Maria Maggiore, Bergamo, January 1628
Authors: Roche Jerome
Published: January 2013

Santa Maria Maggiore at Bergamo was one of the principal churches at which music was made in early seventeenth-century northern Italy. It had built up a considerable reputation in the sixteenth century which was continued into the next under a succession of prominent musicians, the most important of whom was Alessandro Grandi. He occupied the post of maestro from 1627 to 1630, and, as with every newly appointed choirmaster, the choir's accumulated repertory was formally consigned to him. The documents of consignment are preserved in a volume marked Inventarium (LXXIX-1) in the archives of the Misericordia Maggiore, which ran the church. I now print below the inventory that Grandi signed in 1628 – the first one of the seventeenth century; it is on ff. 129v-130 of the Inventarium. I have set it out unedited in the layout in which it appears there.
Some Festival Programmes of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries 2. Cambridge and Oxford
Authors: Reid Douglas J.
Published: January 2013

The following lists provide information regarding the ‘music meetings’ held in Cambridge and Oxford during the period 1733–1844; after the latter date no further festivals were held in either university city for many years. Once again my sources have been mainly the provincial newspapers. (See R.M.A. Research Chronicle No. 5 (1965), for lists of the Salisbury and Winchester Festivals.)
Some Festival Programmes of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries 3. Liverpool and Manchester
Authors: Pritchard Brian
Published: January 2013

The three large-scale performances of oratorios which celebrated the openings of organs in St. Peter's Church, Liverpool on 30 April, 1 and 2 May 1766, in St. Thomas's, Liverpool on 7–10 August, 1770, and in St. John's, Manchester on 29–31 August 1770, were succeeded by a long-continued though at times irregular series of festivals at Liverpool and a somewhat shorter series at Manchester. These series, which established both places as the leading festival centres in northern England, appear closely related to Manchester's and Liverpool's late eighteenth-century industrial and commercial expansion. Indeed, they may well be placed among the cultural first-fruits of the Industrial Revolution and they almost certainly represent attempts to satisfy a growing desire for cultural standing and prestige among the rising generation of northern manufacturers. The re-establishment of the Liverpool festival on a triennial basis after 1823 (following a musically lean period during the French wars) and the two music-meetings held in Manchester in 1828 and 1836 formed part of a new wave of enthusiasm for festivals that swept over England in the peaceful and prosperous 1820s.
British Museum Add. Mss. 17802–5 (The Gyffard Part-Books): An Index and Commentary
Authors: Bray Roger W.
Published: January 2013

This set of manuscripts has come to be known as the Gyffard part-books because it appears to have belonged at an early date to one Philip Gyffard, whose identity is uncertain. Wood mentions a Thomas Gifford who incorporated Doctor of Physic at Oxford on May 20th, 1642, formerly (1636) of the University of Leyden, Holland, but there is no particular reason for supposing that he is the man. On f. 112 of the Triplex book (17803) there is scribbled ‘this is Philip’, and in the same book on f. 242v ‘this is mi boke thomas Charles philip… ‘, and again on f. 243 ‘this is . . [?] . . Gyffard’ and ‘thomas Charles’.
The Governors’ Minutes of the Conservatory S. Maria Di Loreto, Naples
Authors: Robinson Michael F.
Published: January 2013

Most musicians are aware that Naples was an extremely important musical centre in the eighteenth century. The reasons for Naples’ importance were twofold: it was, firstly, a major centre for the performance of music, especially of vocal music and opera; it was also an educational training ground for a large group of composers who, together with their pupils and others influenced by them, constituted what has been called the eighteenth-century “Neapolitan school” of composers. We are not concerned here with definitions of the term “school” and whether the Neapolitan one was, as some would say, a group united by the style and type of music it wrote, or was as others have claimed, a group whose members were all connected with Naples being taught by Neapolitans. It is a fact that large numbers of composers attached to the “school”, whichever definition one chooses, were trained at one or other of the four music conservatories in Naples. And this study, a case study of just one of these conservatories, may, amongst other things, contribute to a larger examination of the part played by Naples in nurturing or supporting this “school”.
Jacques Moderne's ‘Parangon Des Chansons’
Authors: Dobbins Frank
Published: January 2013

The most significant corpus of secular polyphony published at Lyon was Moderne'sParangon des Chansonswhich appeared between 1538 & 1543. Du Verdier, writing in 1584, claims that the series comprised eighteen books but his figure may refer to the totality of Moderne's secular polyphony and therefore include the reprints of the first four books, the two books of theDifficile des Chansonsor the two books ofcanzoniby Layolle and the Petrarch settings of Rampollini. At all events only eleven books of theParangonare known and there is no other evidence that Moderne revived the series after 1544. The subject of their typographical characteristics is comprehensively treated in Pogue's monograph on Moderne, but the same cannot be said for the musical and literary characteristics; the present study provides analytical comments on, and a listing of the concordances of, the 288 pieces contained in the various editions of the first ten books which survive in public libraries.