bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Investigation of Phase Change Emulsion (PCE): Fabrication, Thermal Conductivity and Utilization of Nanoparticles
Authors: Zheng Yi Fei , Qiu Zhong Zhu , Chen Jie
Published: December 2013

Phase change materials in the form of emulsion (PCE) is a category of novel phase change fluid used as heat storage and transfer media. It plays an important role in commercially viable applications (energy storage, particularly).The emulsion is made of microparticles of a phase change wax (a kind of paraffin or mixture ) as a phase change material (PCM), mixed paraffin directly with water. This paper presents information on the different PCM emulsions by different researchers. It gives the method of preparation of the PCE, and makes a special effort to investigate the heat transfer phenomena and the method of enhancing the thermal conductivity of the emulsion.
An Inverse Research Method for the Radiation Characteristics Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Wu Ming Yan , Zhu Qun Zhi
Published: December 2013

Based on the experimental results of transmittance, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was adopted to establish inverse research model to calculate the refractive index and absorption index of nanofluids, we used the inverse calculation model to calculate the refractive index and absorption index of water and aqueous nanofluids, comparing inverse calculation results with experimental results, it turned out that inverse calculation model can accurately calculate the refractive index and absorption index of nanofluids.
High Instantaneous Efficiency and High Flow Rate Slotted-Plate Solar Collectors
Authors: Zhang Zhen Xing , He Yong Min , Li Xiao Dong , Zhou Jin Yuan , Liu Xiao Zhi , Xie Er Qing
Published: December 2013

With the highlight of less regards to insulation measures and the key factor of the flow rates, slotted-plate solar collectors possess rather lower thickness and lighter mass, higher heat production, and better matching with various buildings compared with the common plate solar collectors. Results show that a much higher instantaneous efficiency could be obtained by increasing the flow rates suitably in a low-temperature working environment. The average efficiency could reach up to 51% with the maximum instantaneous efficiency of 61%. Based on the analysis of the relation between instantaneous efficiency and flow rates or the relation between instantaneous efficiency and the temperature difference of the inlet and the outlet water, a experiential formula for the optimal flow rate is proposed to improve the heating-up rates and working efficiency. The performances investigation of slotted-plate solar collectors would pave a way for their widespread and positive applications in the near future.
Preparation and Characterization of Porous Silica Antireflective Thin Film on Glass Substrates by Chemical Etching
Authors: Zhang Ying Chao
Published: December 2013

In this paper, porous silica antireflective thin film with special nanostructure has been successfully established using glass-cover board as a single precursor through a novel chemical etching route. The process mainly involves selective leaching of active component on the surface of glass such as sodium oxide, calcium oxide. The effects of etching time, acid concentration and temperature on the porous silica antireflective thin film were demonstrated. Surface microstructure and optical properties of the porous silica antireflective thin film were characterized in detail by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The results indicate the porous silica antireflective thin film were composed of granular with diameter less than 30nm, and the thickness of film was in the range of 80~100nm. Enhanced transparency (up to 94.6%) was achieved in a wide wavelength range.
Experimental Investigation of Solar Photovoltaic, Heat Coupling Water Source Heat Pump Heating System
Authors: Zhang Hong Chen , Wang Hong Tao , Li Feng Li , Zhang Li Qing
Published: December 2013

This paper constructed a new type of solar photovoltaic and solar heat coupling water source heat pump heating system, the composition of the system structure and operation mode is introduced, with the result of the experiment, parameters were analyzed, and successfully solves the solar panel and battery temperature is high, the problem of low efficiency, the system is a kind of close to zero energy consumption, pollution-free and efficient energy utilization system. Is suitable for the application of the climate condition in qinhuangdao.
Experimental Study on the Preparation Process of Binary Carbonate Salts
Authors: Lu Jia Wei , Zhu Qun Zhi , Zhao Hong Yang , Qi Xue Mei
Published: December 2013

Ten kinds of binary carbonate salts with different ratio were respectively prepared by two kinds of preparation processes and the research on thermo-physical properties, thermal stability and component analysis was worked respectively by Differential Scanning Calorimetry instrument and XRD analytical instrument. The results showed: There was little difference on melting point and decomposition point between the samples prepared by two kinds of methods and well matched with that of reference phase diagram; For the preparation of mixed carbonate, static melting method was superior to the simple mechanical grinding method through TG and DSC curves of multiple cycles; There was no new material produced in both two kinds of preparation processes from the XRD composition analysis.
Comparison of Lini0.5Mn1.5O4 and LiMn2O4 for Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: Liang Xing Hua , Shi Lin , Liu Yu Si , Liu Tian Jiao , Ye Chao Chao , Zeng Shuai Bo
Published: December 2013

The High Potential Material Lini0.5Mn1.5O4 was Synthesized via Solid-State Reaction.The Surface Morphology and Particle Size of the Sample were Observed by Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM).The Crystal Structure of the Sample was Collected and Analyzed through X-Ray Diffractometry(XRD).The Sample was Charaterized by Charge-Discharge Tests.Results Indicated that the Cycling Retention Rate was about 80%,after being Charge-Diacharged at a Rate of 0.1C in a Voltage of 3.45-4.77V for 10 Times.Compared with Limn2O4,LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 has good cycle performance.Both of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 structure were space group of Fd3m.
Laboratory Simulation of Radon Migration in Porous Aquifer Medium
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhang Chao Yu , Peng Yu Fang , Zhang Jian
Published: December 2013

In order to find out the migration rules of radon transport in porous aquifer medium,transport process of radon in natural groundwater environment was simulated by laboratory seepage sand box experiment.This paper made in-depth discussions on the migration rules of radon in groundwater and soil and revealed the behaviours of radon in the environment.The experimental results indicated that convection dominated on the movement of radon in porous aquifer medium.The lateral migration of radon was due to not only diffusion but also carrying of groundwater, adsorption of porous medium, decay and volatilization. The lateral migration played an important part in the movement of radon.The cluster theory and microbubble theory in the existing research results were not the the principal migration mechanism of radon transport in porous aquifer medium. Release and accumulation, volatilization, decay, adsorption and convection should be the result of different periods of peak during the process of radon movement. The findings provided the scientific evidence for quantitative study of migration behaviours of radon in the underground environment and further support for the theory that the application of radon in oil and gas exploration, detection of ground fissures, earthquake monitoring and prediction and so on.
Numerical Simulation Study of a New Type Solar Collector Wall System
Authors: Xu Shu Hui , Zhang Feng Jiao , Wang Jian Kai , Liu Chang
Published: December 2013

In this paper, a new kind of solar collector wall system was designed. Numerical simulation for the orifice plate solar collector wall was carried out to analyze the change of the distributions of the temperature and velocity and the heat collecting efficiency under the conditions of different air inlet velocity. The results shows that the temperature stratification decreases with the increase of the inlet velocity, and the velocity field stratification enhances with the increase of the inlet velocity, and the collection efficiency first increases then decreases with the constantly increasing inlet velocity, and the collection efficiency is the highest when the inlet velocity is 2.5 m/s, up to 81.34%.
The Environment Analysis of Enshi Ecological Livability
Authors: Lu Yan Qiu , Cheng Sheng Gao , Sun Yi , Song E Ping
Published: December 2013

At present China has entered into the rapid development of urbanization, facing the transition from extensive city to conservation-minded city. We need to actively explore the road of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, so as to save resources, improve the quality of urban environment, and create a more suitable living environment. In view of this, this thesis analyze the habitability of Enshi City mainly from the perspective of natural environment, cultural environment, living conditions, public facilities, resources, and put forward their own understanding of livable city and some suggestions of Enshi habitable environmental improvement.
Effect of Exogenous Calcium on Root Growth and Endogenous Hormone Contents in Pineapple Seedlings
Authors: He Ying Dui , Li Rui Mei , Wei Chang Bin , Sun Guang Ming
Published: December 2013

As an essential element, calcium plays a key role in plant development. The present study aimed at assessing the effects of exogenous calcium on root activity, plant growth and endogenous hormone contents in pineapple seedlings. Major experimental methods included hydroponic culture with six concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mg/L) of CaCl2 and the use of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for its endogenous hormone contents. After cultivating for 48 days, the seedlings were sampled and the reduction of TTC (2,3,5-triphenyitetrazolium chloride) method was determined to assess the root activity, and the determination of endogenous hormone contents was carried out by HPLC. The results showed that the shoot fresh weight, the root activity, root length and root weight increased significantly in response to the 20 mg/L Ca2+ treatment, and all these parameters seemed to be suppressed at higher Ca2+ concentrations. The contents of endogenous hormone ZT, GA3 and IAA were evidently higher at 40 mg/L Ca2+, with ZT, GA3 and IAA reach values as high as 2.31, 31.48 and 16.57 μg/g, respectively, while the highest concentration of ABA ( 0.026 μg/g) appeared at 5 mg /L Ca2+ concentration.
Assessment of Eco-Environment Scheduling of the Three Gorges Reservoir Based on the Eco-Environmental Monitoring System
Authors: Wu Dan Feng , Dai Hui Chao , Dai Ling Quan
Published: December 2013

This paper introduces the environmental problems caused by impoundment the Three Gorges Project (TGP). In order to effectively monitor and control the negative impacts of the TGP, the eco-environmental monitoring system which is one of the largest eco-environmental monitoring network in the world has been established. Through the monitoring system, the information about the impacts of impoundment on the eco-environment can be grasped timely. This paper takes two typical eco-environmental problems: the water blooms and the four major domestic fishes as examples, and then mainly study on the eco-environment scheduling on this two aspects. After the eco-environment scheduling, the water level fluctuation has been greatly increased. It reduced the impacts to sensitive waters caused by the project. During the breeding season of the four major domestic fishes, through increasing the water discharge, the water level continued to rise in different hydrological stations downstream. The changes are more conducive to breeding of the fish. By analysis of the results caused by the operation, it is easily know that eco-environment scheduling is beneficial to monitor the negative impacts. The eco-environment scheduling based on the eco-environmental monitoring system is of great significance.
Research on Index System for Strategic Environmental Assessment of Seaboard City
Authors: Wang Lin , Zhang Xiao Xia , Yu Shu Ping , Ma Zhong Qiang , Zhu Jing Hai
Published: December 2013

In order to ensure sustainable development of seaboard city, it needs to pay more attention to Strategic Environmental Assessment. It is a realistic choice for establishing a set of index system for environmental impact assessment of seaboard city planning. Based on theories and practice both home and abroad, the principles and technical procedure on SEA system of seashore city planning are discussed. The index system suitable for seaboard city is established. The index system includes three levels. The first level is divided into 4 categories, which are natural environment, resource and energy utilization, ecological environment and social-economic index. The second level is divided into 11 categories, such as surface water, atmosphere, acoustic and soil environment. The third level includes more than 90 indexes.
Risk Management Assessment in Landslide in Dashikou of Ying County, Shanxi Province
Authors: Ding Feng , Wang Li Jie , Shao Long Yi , Yang Wen Fu
Published: December 2013

This paper studies the environmental geological problems of Dashikou landslide. The author analyzed main land slidecausing factors and evaluated stability of landslide by use of Rosenbluth method. The assessment result is 0.98. The result indicated that the landslide was in extremely unstable stage. The author predicted hazardcausing economic losses and casualties to human beings. Finally some methods and suggestions in risk management were advanced in this paper. Keywords: landslide; hazard; risk; management; assessment
Analysis of the Influence of Water on the Ecological Consciousness of Rural Residents of Rural Water Environment
Authors: Huang Zheng Fu , Wang Yu Qiang
Published: December 2013

With the rapid development of economy and the improvement of human life, intensified the contradiction between human, environment and water.Residents in villages and towns in our province has water the consciousness of legal system and the present situation of water environment related local research data through to our province visits,interviews, and the data was analysed, the association between the ruralwater environment problems and the residents water law consciousness,and putting forward proposals and strengthen the residents waterconsciousness opinion, for reference reference.
Research on Creep Model of Loess Considering Construction of Underground Warehouse in China
Authors: Li Yong Quan , Wang Qing Huan
Published: December 2013

Drucker-Prager Creep Model is introduced, and the Viscoelasto-Plastic Model with Double Yield Surface is detailed deduced. Parameters of loess in China West are discussed in detail during construction of underground warehouse. Those two creep models are applied to pit excavation during construction of underground warehouse. The results calculated show that the displacements calculated according to Viscoelasto-Plastic Model with Double Yield Surface is bigger than those according to Drucker-Prager Creep Model. Those ways uesd may provide reference to engineering practice.
Study on Petroleum Wharf and Reservoir VOCs Emissions and Photochemical Reaction
Authors: Qiao Bing , Li Shen
Published: December 2013

Focusing on the environmental problems caused by VOCs emission and photochemical reactions in petroleum wharf and reservoir areas, a field experiment was conducted in Zhanjiang port. The VOCs emission and photochemical reaction, VOCs source model and the photochemical reaction mechanism were discussed. Through analyzing and comparing the measured and simulated results, firstly, a simplified mechanism model with the chain reaction balance coefficient is developed; secondly, VOCs emission amount during the temperature rising period (3h daily) is corrected as doubling the normal dose; thirdly, VOCs consumption amount during the photochemical reaction period (6h daily) is estimated as being 71.8% of VOCs emission amount; finally, the derived photochemical reaction equilibrium coefficient of O3 and PM were 0.084 and 0.79. Seven kinds of emission source models (including pipeline and valve leakage, fixed tank big breath with oiling, floating roof tank oiling and pumping loss, fixed tank small breath with temperature rising, oil storage still loss of internal and external floating roof tanks, ship and tank loading emissions) were applied to analyze the operation scenario and emission inventory in typical petroleum wharf and reservoir areas, of which the annual throughput is 3000 ´ 104 tons, and the annual average temperature is 22 °C. The calculated annual VOCs emission with modification is 1555.88 t. Using the VOCs emission and photochemical reaction models for different regions of the port, VOCs and PM emission inventories of major Chinese ports were calculated. The total emission amounts of VOCs and PM in 2012 were approximately 43296 t and 6140 t, mainly distributed in the port group located areas in Yangtze River Delta, Bohai rim and Pearl River Delta, as well as Beibu Gulf, Strait West. As the emission sources located more densely and the emission more intense, there will be more adverse cumulative effect on the regional air quality. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt more active and effective air pollution prevention and control measures in petroleum wharf and reservoir areas.
Advice on Rural Ecological Planning and Environment Protection of Bengbu City
Authors: Zhang Bao Liu , Luo Hong , Wang Zheng Qing
Published: December 2013

With analyzing the rural ecological environment protection status and pollution sources of Bengbu City, the problems in the rural environmental protection work will be pointed out, including the out-dated regulatory regime, poor implementation of environmental policy, low motivation of environmental protection and other major issues. With applying ecological planning thoughts, advice including village eco-positioning and ecological agriculture development for rural planning will be proposed. For the environmental protection measures, relative suggestions such as increasing the effective monitoring of rural environment; strengthening the infrastructure construction, promoting clean production efforts and innovating market-oriented means of propaganda will be put forward to achieve rural sustainable development.
Multi-Objective Optimum Design for Wave-Plate Demister Based on NSGA-ΙΙ Algorithm
Authors: Qiao Zong Liang , Zhang Lei , Si Feng Qi , Xu Zhi Gao
Published: December 2013

For optimizing the structure design of the wave-plate demister vanes in wet flue gas desulfurization system (WFGD) of power plants, the characteristics models of removal efficiency and pressure drop were established by using least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) based on numerical simulation results. The highest relative error between the predicted output and measured value is 2%, it proves the modeling is good for the prediction. Based on the characteristics models, a multi-objective optimization model was established. It used the structural parameters as the optimal variables and the demister characteristics as the objective function. This optimization model was solved by non dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The simulation data show that the Multi-objective optimum method can get more effective results compared to the weight coefficient method.
Deposition Properties of Sodium Carbonate in Supercritical Water in a Continuous-Flow Tubular Reactor
Authors: Xu Dong Hai , Wang Shu Zhong , Huang Chuan Bao , Tang Xing Ying
Published: December 2013

Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) has a promising future for treating high concentration and bio-refractory organic wastewaters. However, the reactor plugging problem induced by salt deposition has hindered its extensive commercial application. In this work, we used a continuous-flow experiment plant to systematically examine the influences of the pressure, temperature, running time, initial concentration and flow rate on the deposition properties of Na2CO3 under supercritical water conditions. Two parameters including the deposition ratio (R) and the deposition rate (V) were defined to evaluate the deposition extent of Na2CO3 in the reactor. The results showed that the pressure and temperature had remarkable influences on the R and V of 1 wt% Na2CO3, and their increase would make R and V reduce. The running time had slight effect on the varieties of R and V. Both R and V would rise with the initial Na2CO3 concentration increasing. However, V had a reverse change tendency compared with R as the flow rate rose. The R and V of 1 wt% Na2CO3 with the flow rate of 0.65 L/h at 550 °C and 25 MPa were higher than 80% and 64 μm/h, respectively. This meant a high reactor plugging risk under the long-time run conditions. Moreover, NaOH was not suitable as the alkali neutralizer of the SCWO process at the low velocity condition in the reactor.
Study on Combined Process of Granulation and Coagulation for Strontium Removal
Authors: Luo Xin , Ma You Ming
Published: December 2013

Optimization of coagulation conditions in the granulation-coagulation process for strontium removal was studied in this paper. The experimental results showed that the optimum coagulant was aluminum sulfate. The optimum coagulation conditions were dosage of 60 mg/L, coagulation time of 10 min, mixing speed of 180 r/min. The best combination method was granulation - coagulation - sedimentation. Under optimal conditions, the DF of strontium was 87 and the effluent turbidity was 1.05 NTU.
A Novel Adsorption Apparatus for Processing Hazardous Chemicals Diffusion and Volatilization of Inland Waterway Transportation
Authors: Shen Wei , Ye Li , Wang Zhi Xia , Chen Rong Chang , Chen Jun Feng
Published: December 2013

A Novel adsorption apparatus for processing hazardous chemicals diffusion and volatilization of inland waterway transportation is developed. The adsorption apparatus is lightweight and has high effective absorption capability for processing the gas chemicals produced by inland river transportation. Meanwhile, the experiment for analysis and processing for the bulk chemicals gas is carried out. The results showed that the concentration of chemicals gas decreased by 69-83% comparing with that not using the device.
The Influences of the Structure of Nozzle on Coating Effect in Particle Coating by Fluid-Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions
Authors: Zhang Fa Xing , Wei Xiao Li
Published: December 2013

Red phosphorus microencapsulation flame retardant was prepared by Supercritical Fluid-Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions (SCF-RESS),using a self-made special nozzle. The influences of the reversed gyrator, and the rotation angle of the front revolvable tie-in on coating effect were discussed. The results showed that the coating effect which the reversed gyrator was installed on the nozzle was better than it which the reversed gyrator was not installed on the nozzle.The coating effect is the best when the rotation angle of the front revolvable tie-in is 10°,and the coating effect is worse when the rotation angle of the front revolvable tie-in is exceed 10°.
State of Indoor Experiments on Supercritical CO2-Brine Displacement System
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Wang Yuan , Liu Yang
Published: December 2013

As an emerging technique, carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Deep saline aquifers are increasingly considered because of their wide distributionlarge thicknesslarge capacity. A proper understanding of displacement character of supercritical CO2-brine system is significant in knowing CO2 Injectivity, migration and trapping, and in assessing the safety and suitability of reservoir site. CO2-brine system is multi-phase flow system, the mobility is related to interfacial tensioncapillary pressurerelative permeability. The experiments took into account the impact factors such as interfacial tensioncapillary pressurerelative permeability, foreign indoor experiments of CO2-brine system are analyzed and summarized, a brief description of indoor experiments of our country and future work are given.
Enhancing the Degradation of Rhodamine B by Hydrodynamic Cavitation with CCl4 Augmentation
Authors: Zhang Shu Jun , Shen Li , Gong Wen Juan
Published: December 2013

The degradation of Rhodamine B, a common pollutant existing in industrial wastewater, has been explored using a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor combined with CCl4treatment. The effects of CCl4concentration, operating pH values, inlet pressure, initial temperatures and initial RhB concentration were investigated. The result shows that the removal of RhB increases from 70.78% to 80.38% with increasing CCl4concentrations during hydrodynamic cavitation. Degradation of RhB with CCl4treatment increased as the operating pH value and its initial concentration decreased, a 7-fold increase (from 0.22×102min1to 1.68×102min1) in the kinetic rate constants were found at pH values ranging from 4.0 to 2.0. In addition, RhB degradation with CCl4treatment increased as the inlet pressure and temperature increased. From the present work, we conclude that the RhB degradation reaction follows a pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the mechanisms of CCl4enhancement are subsequently discussed.
Effects of Trivalent Chromic Ions with Different Concentrations on Settling Volume (SV) of Activated Sludge in the Settling Period of SBR Process
Authors: Dong Guo Ri , Liu Jian She
Published: December 2013

Aiming at the toxicity effect of trivalent chromic ions on activated sludge in SBR process system, by determination of the settling volume SV, the effects of trivalent chromic ions on sludge settling volume SV in the settling period of SBR process was studied. The results show that trivalent chromic ions will make the sludge volume increase under low chromium load. Moreover, the sludge volume will increase with increasing chromium load, but the settling volume of the activated sludge at 30 min begins to increase in waves as chromium load continues to increase. When the chromium load increases to a certain level, the settling volume of the activated sludge at 30 min continues to decline in waves and is finally lower than the sludge settling volume of the contrast system at 30 min. The experiment suggests that trivalent chromic ions have toxicity and flocculation effects to the activated sludge, and the interaction of the two effects leads to the change of the activated sludge in waves as the chromium load increases.
Substrate Clogging in a Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration System
Authors: Wang Xin , Li Hai Bo , Wang Hong , Li Ying Hua
Published: December 2013

Substrate clogging in subsurface wastewater infiltration system (SWIS) is a significant problem that affects hydraulic capacity and operational performance. The mechanisms for substrate clogging were reviewed. The factors affecting substrate clogging were discussed as well. The strategy to ease and prevent substrate clogging phenomena was put forward.
Chongqing Mine Ecological Restoration and Management Research
Authors: Zang Ya Jun
Published: December 2013

This paper briefly introduces the importance of the process of coal mining and mining later land reclamation and ecological restoration and the characteristics of the land ecological reconstruction of mining area. According to the research results of mine disaster in Chongqing area and the existing environment prevention and harnessing measures, make division of geological disasters, and put forward the corresponding control measures.
A Review of Ecological Stoichiometry Characteristics of Carbon Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Wetland Ecosystems
Authors: Xie Wen Xia , Zhu Kun Jie , Du Hui Na
Published: December 2013

As a supplementary theory of ecological system research, ecological stoichiometry has been applied to many research fields of wetland ecosystems at home and abroad. This article reported carbon nitrogen phosphorus element stoichiometry of soil, vegetation, among different components and after artificial disturbance in wetland ecosystems. Research showed that wetland ecological stoichiometry characteristics have important influences on the change and their interaction of carbon nitrogen phosphorus in the whole system and the internal mechanism of the carbon nitrogen phosphorus balance of wetland ecosystems. At the same time, it has provided an important reference for the management and protection of wetland ecological system.
The Regression Models of PM2.5 and Other Air Pollutants in Wuhan
Authors: Li Ling Na , Gong Xiao Ping , Dai Lin Cheng , Zhan Xiao Hong
Published: December 2013

In this study PM2.5 and other five air pollutants (i.e. SO2, NO2, PM10, CO, and O3) have been analyzed by using statistical methods. Two different regression models were established quantitatively in this paper to find out the factors and causes of PM2.5 and were compared by using the partial data from January 1 to August 26, 2013, which is obtained from Wuhan Environmental Protection Bureau. The results indicate that the correlation coefficients of PM2.5 and other four air pollutants CO, SO2, NO2, and PM10 are all over 0.7, which shows significant linear correlations, and regression models were proved illustrious and accurate by testing and contrast.
The Influencing Factor Analysis of "Three Wastes" Emissions in Inner Mongolia
Authors: Song Yu Chen , Wang Qian , Li Xiao Bing , Yang Zhen Hua
Published: December 2013

As the economy grows rapidly, Inner Mongolia is faced with more and more serious environmental problems, which cast a large shadow on the ecological system, health and economic development. Environmental problems have become the biggest restricting factor for economic growth and the sustainable development of society in Inner Mongolia. This paper uses three wastes emissions as a research object and adopts the method of grey relational analysis, and selects the indexes of economic development level, science and technology input and policy level, energy consumption level, then performs grey relational analysis for waste water, waste gas and waste solid. The research results show that economic development has the greatest influence on the emissions of industrial waste water and waste solid; coal consumption has the biggest effect on the emissions of industrial waste gas, meanwhile coal consumption also has a big impact on the emissions of waste water and waste solid.
Characterization of the Particle Emissions from Diesel Transit Bus Equipping Diesel Particulate Filter with Fuel Burner
Authors: Lou Di Ming , Zhu Ze Wei , Tan Pi Qiang , Hu Zhi Yuan
Published: December 2013

On-road particle emissions were tested in urban areas of Shanghai from a diesel bus equipping diesel particulate filter with fuel burner. EEPS 3090 particle analyzer was used for analyzing concentrations of particles in different diameters. In this paper, characterization of particles in soot loading and regeneration processes were identified, and particle reduction ability of DPF bus was analyzed. Result shows that, the averaged particle emission rate from DPF bus was degraded by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude during soot loading. Particle concentration distribution was transformed from nuclei-accumulated bi-modal pattern to uniformly multi-peaks patterns. In DPF regeneration process, particles of accumulated mode sized between 60.4nm and 107.5nm were decomposed and oxidized into fine nuclei particles of 29.4nm to 60.4nm, which increases total particle concentration. Reduction percentage of particle number per kilometer of DPF bus for soot loading and regeneration process reaches respectively 97% and 83.2% compared with normal diesel bus.
Study on a New Chelating Fiber Adsorption of Pb(Π) and Cd(Π)
Authors: Zhang Li Hua , Wu Zheng
Published: December 2013

This work mainly described adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) using a new chelating fiber with iminodiacetic(IDA). The chelating fiber was characterized by FT-IR and SEM, and the factors such as pH, change of time, and concentration of the initial solution on the adsorption process were discussed.
Diversity in Microbial Carbon Metabolism of the Oil Shale at the Western Open Group in Fushun Basin
Authors: Jiang Shao Yan , Wang Wen Xing , Xue Xiang Xin
Published: December 2013

The oil shale in the Western Fushun Basin as research object was investigated by Biolog-ECO to explore the functional diversity in microbial carbon metabolism of the oil shale. The process of Biolog-ECO was that, first determining the microbial community level physiological patterns during the 7 consecutive days by ECO microplate, then analyzing the differences in microbial metabolism of different types of carbon. The results showed that there were significant differences of the rate and extent in different types of carbon metabolism. The metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids and amines carbon were significantly better than other carbon sources in all microbial communities, while the metabolism of acid metabolite was poor. Through continuous multi-point measuring the diversity index of Shannon-wiener, Simpson and McIntosh, overall, the microbial diversity was good, but with the time passing, the functional diversity of the carbon metabolism decreased.
A Laboratory Simulation Test of Three Macrophyte Species to Reduce Total Phosphorus from Eutrophical Water
Authors: Song Hong , Chen Wei , He Xing Yuan , Yu Shuai , Huang Yan Qing
Published: December 2013

A manipulative indoor experiment was conducted to study the removal effect on total phosphorus (TP) by three hydrophyte plant species, Iris sanguinea, Acorus calamus, and Iris pseudacorus. The nutrient solution consisted two levels of phosphorus (P) treatment [low (1 mg L-1 P) and high (4 mg L-1)]. The experiment results show that all three plant species had an active effect on the phosphorous removal, and abilities of remove phosphorous vary among different macrophyte species. After 28days growing in the water, the removal rates on TP, at the low level (T1) treatment, were 88.6%, 87.66% and 91.68% by Iris sanguinea, Acorus calamus, and Iris pseudacorus, while 86.77%, 53.51% and 94.42% at the high level treatment (T2). Speed of the pollutants decreasing become slower over time, and removal effects of TP was more obvious during the first 3 weeks. Keywords: hydrophytes, TP, removal efficient, eutrophical
Research on Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) in Cement Kiln
Authors: Liu Hai Bing , Chen Xiao Dong , Gu Jun
Published: December 2013

The efficiency and problem of SNCR in cement are explained by case study .Catalyst also is discussed by the research. And this paper presents and discusses the technical feasibility issues related to implementing SCR technology at cement plant. Some pilot plant trial and scale-full plant are also discussed and the result show that SCR can reduce NOx emissions from cement kilns by greater than 90% and achieve less than 100 mg/Nm3 NOx emissions. The fact suggests that it is a more effective and proven technology to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from cement kilns.
Removal of Phosphate Anions from Aqueous Solutions Using Dolomite as Adsorbent
Authors: Yuan Xiao Li , Xia Wen Tang , An Juan , Yang Wen Qiang , Yin Jian Guo
Published: December 2013

Dolomite, an industrial solid material was used as an adsorbent to remove phosphate anions from wastewater. The effects of initial pH, initial phosphate concentration, reaction time, reaction temperature and adsorbent dosage on the phosphate removal efficiency were investigated. The results show that the phosphate removal efficiency exceed 99% under the conditions of pH 9.5, temperature 30 °C, reaction time 50 min, particle size <0.074 mm, initial phosphate concentration 50 mg•L-1, adsorbent dosage 10g•L-1 and stirring speed 250 r/min. After phosphate removal reaction, the residual phosphate concentrations completely meet the requirement of national discharge standards of the second category pollution (GB 1A (TP = 0.5 mgL-1)).
Comparison of Coal Ash and Activated Carbon for Removal of Humic Acid from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Zhang Xue Mei , Zhang Yan , Fan Di
Published: December 2013

This paper presents the adsorption behaviors of humic acid (HA) on coal ashes and powdered activated carbons (PACs). A bituminous coal, with or without calcium-loading, was used as a feedstock for coal ash preparation. The working solution of HA with a concentration of 20 mg/L was used in all adsorption tests. The results showed that calcium-enriched coal ash (CECA) gave rise to the removal rate of HA as high as 84.05%, much higher than those of raw coal ash (RCA) and PACs. The impacts of solution pH and adsorbent dosage on HA adsorption capacity were also investigated. It was found that lower pH facilitated to the removal of HA from aqueous solution by means of CECA, and the optimal CECA dosage was about 1.0g/L at pH 7.00. The data obtained in this study suggested that calcium-enriched coal ash could be useful and cost-effective in the treatment of wastewaters containing HA-like organic macro-molecules.
Experimental Study of the Fly Ash Iron Morphology Effect on Flue Gas Mercury Removal
Authors: Li Can , Zhang Jin Hong , Wu Jiang , Zhang Xian Bing , Chen Xian Tuo , Li Chao En , Zhang Jing , Zhang Liu Liu
Published: December 2013

In this paper, magnetic beads were separated from two different power plants fly ash by magnetic separation, and the separated magnetic beads were analyzed by XRD. In a self-built fixed-bed system, the experiments that magnetic beads from two power plants, α-Fe2O3 and γ-Fe2O3 affect formation distribution of mercury in flue gas were carried out. The results showed that the magnetic beads in fly ash have a certain capacity to oxidize the mercury in flue gas, and the γ-Fe2O3 has greater influence on the species distribution of mercury than α- Fe2O3.
Study on the Removal of Mercury in the Simulated Flue Gas by Biomass Activated Carbon
Authors: Zhao Li Li , Liu Qian Yan , Wu Jiang , Zhang Chong , Wu Yu , Zha Jia Ming , Yang Si Yuan , Hu Cheng Zhen
Published: December 2013

This paper mainly studied the removal of Hg by biomass activated carbon in the simulated flue gas. Biomass activated carbon of different materials were made through the control of activator concentration, activation temperature in the self-developed biomass preparation system. In the fixed bed system, the flue gas Hg removal efficiency of activated carbon samples were evaluated. The experimental results showed that the adsorption performance of biomass activated carbon was not proportional with the change of the activator concentration and activation temperature, the overall trend was firstly increased and then decreased.
Studies on Electrochemical Degradation of Malachite Green
Authors: Wang Li , Zhao Ya Ping , Wang Jun Bo
Published: December 2013

In this paper the degradation of malachite green by electrochemical method was studied. The effects of initial solution concentrations, temperatures, pH values, voltage, immersed electrode depths on degradation were all investigated. The results showed that malachite green was easily degraded when the solution was alkaline. High temperatures promoted the degradation. Kinetic data demonstrated that the rate of degradation could be expressed as first order.
Experimental Study on Influence of Fly Ash on Mercury Removal in Flue Gas with UV Light
Authors: Cao Yin Xia , Fang Ji Hui , Wu Jiang , Li Xian , Zhang Chong , Li Chao En , Hu Cheng Zhen , Li Si
Published: December 2013

The original fly ash samples fetched from the power plant and the treated fly ash samples after screening, magnetic separation and mixing were used in the experiment of photocatalytic removal on mercury in flue gas. The fly ash samples and the absorption solution after experiment were tested for mercury content. The results showed that different sizes of the original fly ash had different characteristics of photocatalytic removal of mercury. The adsorption of mercury by fly ash was an important condition for the occurrence of photocatalytic effect. When the mercury adsorption capacity of fly ash was stronger, the capacity of photocatalytic removal mercury was also greater. The presence of iron oxide on the fly ash surface can promote the capability of photocatalytic removal of mercury by fly ash. The presence of ultraviolet light can significantly promote Hg0 oxidize to Hg2+ by fly ash. Thus the oxidized mercury in the flue gas can be easily absorbed by the solution.
Removal of Bisphenol A from Water by Ozone
Authors: Wang Xiao Dong , Lv Yang , Liu Hong Ye , Li Meng Meng
Published: December 2013

This study investigates the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA). The degradation affecting factors including solution ozone dosage, initial concentration, pH, temperature and ultraviolet. The results indicated that when the ozone contents changes, the BPAs degradation rate changes as well. The higher ozone concentration contribute to the faster degradation; With the increase of initial concentration of BPA, the removal rate of it decrease on the contrary, while with the initial concentration increases, the quality of unit ozone degradation of BPA is ascenting and then tend to a constant; The remove rate of BPA is improving when the pH value vary from 4.86~10.34. The effect of BPAs ozonation in higher temperatures is better than it is in lower temperature; Ultraviolet radiation is also favorable for the removal of BPA as it can shorten the reaction time as well as reduce the amount of ozone.
Research on Micro-Electrolysis Method to Treat the Copper-Containing Electroplating Wastewater
Authors: Zhang Yi Ting , Lun Hai Bo
Published: December 2013

Iron-carbon micro-electrolysis was applied in the treatment of the electroplating wastewater containing copper, and the parameters that affected the efficiencies of the wastewater treatment had been discussed, The results indicated that the optimal experimental conditions were initial pH 4, stirring speed 100r/min, total mass of iron and carbon 4g/0.1L, iron carbon mass ratio of 1, reaction time was 40min. The removal rate of the Cu2+was 99% or more, the effluent can meet emissions standards
Study on Plasma Technology of Simulating Flue Gas Desulfurization and Resource Utilization
Authors: Yin Li , Yi Cheng Wu , Lu Cong Xiang , Du Yan Sheng , Yi Rong Jie
Published: December 2013

The study makes SO2as the control object, using strong ionized plasma discharge method for experimental research on several influence factors. These influence factors include input voltage (V), SO2primary concentration (CSO2), residence time (t), and frequency (f). The influence of these factors on desulfurization rate was analyzed by single variable experiment. The relation curve of single variable influence on desulfurization rate is concluded. We have designed an orthogonal experiment to analysis the significance level of these influence variables and the optimization of these variables was made after the rule of single variable experiment. The experimental results showed that: When SO2primary concentration(CSO2),oxygen content(φO2), H2O content(φH2O), the residence time of gas streams flowing the reactor(t), gas flux(Q), input voltage(V) and frequency(f) are respectively 140×10-6(V/V)~160×10-6(V/V), 21%(V/V), 2.1%(V/V), 0.85s, 0.16m3/h, 3.0kV and 5.4kHz, the tiptop desulfurization rate was over 80%.
Development Status and Energy Penalty of Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
Authors: Liu Ji Yong , Zhang Xiao Feng , Zhang Ji Fa , Liu Huan , Li Fang Qin
Published: December 2013

Carbon dioxide is claimed to be responsible for 60 percent of the global warming caused by greenhouse gases. CCS is important for reducing CO2emissions. Most technologies are in demonstration stage. Carbon capture accounts for two thirds of total cost of CCS. The trend of CCS is also described.
Dust Removal Experiment and Numerical Simulation with Porous Ceramic Tube
Authors: Fang Li Jun , Liu Jing Jing , Yin Rong Rong
Published: December 2013

By the use of filtration experiment system with single ceramic tube, cold experiment and numerical simulation was carried out about the dust removal process. The experiment shows that airflow conforms to the linear Darcy law, the pressure drop increases with the increase of filtration velocity and dust load; with the increase of gas pressure, the permeability of porous ceramic decreases. Simulation shows that velocity and pressure drop values increase along the axial height from bottom to top and reach the maximum at the exit. Due to the differences of gas velocity or particle size, the amounts of sedimentary particles are different at the tube wall, larger velocity and smaller size particles trend to be more equispaced when they are trapped on the surface of tube.
Benthic Diversity Survey and Water Quality Evaluation of Taizi Water System in Liaohe River
Authors: Wang Hong Wei , Lai Zhao , Zhao Chun Long , Yang Li Kun , Zhao Wen Bo , Cai Duan Bo
Published: December 2013

The benthos in Taizi water system of Liaohe River were collected in June 2011.Benthiccommunity composition was analyzed, sample points diversity indexes were calculated, waterquality of TaiZi water system was evaluated, and according to the analysis, the main influencefactors of benthic index are pollution and human activities. Corresponding measures should betaken to protect the health of the river and pollution must be controlled. At same time, humaninterference activities should be controlled.
The Preparation and Current Situation of Ce and Mn Catalyst
Authors: Zhen Wen Long , Guo Rui Tang , Pan Wei Guo , Gao Yan Wu , Shi Chao Lin
Published: December 2013

NOx is the main air pollutant of coal-fired power plants, which is one of the important reasons to cause pollution such as acid rain, photochemical smog and so on. Selective catalytic reduction process is the major technology for reducing NOx emissions from coal-fired power plants. However, the commercial vanaidia-based catalyst is active within a narrow temperature window of 300-400°C, easily to be deacticed by SO2 in the flue gas. And the formation of N2O and toxicity of vanaidia cause secondary pollution. Therefore, it is of more importance to develop a new environmental-friendly catalyst for low temperature SCR with high activity.
Rural Water Environment and Domestic Wastewater Treatment Control Technique Analysis of Dianchi Lake Basin
Authors: Xu Bing Feng , Xue Yue , Feng Yan , Wu Guo Juan
Published: December 2013

The eutrophication problem of Dianchi Lake has been more and more serious. Based on the current situation of rural water environment,this paper carried out a survey of Dianchi Lake Basin rural water environment, in order to explore the proper technique for the local sewage pollution control. According to the water environment management requirements, this paper suggested the rural sewage treatment techniques and the treatment degree should be divided into four levels, provided a basis for Dianchi Lake Basin rural water environment control.
Chemical Speciation of Mg, K, Ca and Na in Soils
Authors: Yang Si Lin , Tang Li Qiong , Zhou De Qun
Published: December 2013

The chemical speciation of metal (Mg, K, Ca and Na) in agricultural and non-agricultural soils was investigated in upstream of the Pearl River, China. The result showed that the four metals speciation distributions of the agricultural soils were similar to those of the non-agricultural soils. Mg were dominated by the residual fraction, the order of Mg in each fraction was residual fraction > weak acid soluble fraction reducible fraction > oxidizable fraction. The distribution patterns of Na and K were similar, in most of the samples, the orders of Na and K in each fraction were residual fraction > weak acid soluble fraction > oxidizable fraction > reducible fraction. The order of Ca in each fraction was weak acid soluble fraction > reducible fraction > oxidizable fraction residual fraction. The bioavailability of Ca in the area was very high in both agricultural and non-agricultural soils.