bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HPV DNA extraction methods - A comparative evaluation in oral cancer
Authors: G. Kulkarni Pavan , Thadudari Deepsagar , Jahagirdar Abhishek , B Jagadeesh Ramya
Published: December 2022

Oral squamous cell carcinoma OSCC has a multi-factorial etiology of which tobacco is considered to be a known risk factor. Human Papilloma Virus HPV is also now thought to be one of the risk factor. Literature shows the varying prevalence rates of HPV in causation of OSCC. This variation in prevalence of HPV could be because of many reasons. Of which the DNAextraction method is one which is an important but less evaluated variable. This study attempts to compare two different DNAextraction methods which on further analysis can predict the exact prevalence rate of HPV in OSCC.nbsp
Neonatal septicemia and antibiogram: Paediatrician's Challenge
Authors: L Jayasimha V , Raghukumar K.G , Kumar C.S Vinod , S Patil Satish , Basavarajappa K.G.
Published: December 2022

Neonatal sepsis is a worldwide problem with the prevalence at 1 to10 per 1000 live births and one of the indicator for measuring the health status of a Nation. According to WHO there are about 5 million neonatal death per year with 98 occurring in developing countries. Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat worldwide. The present study aimed to know the various bacteria causing neonatal septicemia and their antibiogram. Ours was a Prospective study done over a period of 2 years. Blood samples for culture were collected aseptically before starting antibiotic therapy and subcultures were performed. The isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests and antibiogram of the isolates were studied. Out of 360 cases 160 were bacteriologically positive Klebsiella was the most common organism isolated 21 followed by Staphylococcus aureus 20 Acinetobacter 15 Pseudomonas 13.Maximum sensitivity was seen with Linezolid Erythromycin for Gram positive organisms and Gram negative organisms were sensitive to Piperacillin Tazobactum Imipenem Levofloxacin and Meropenem. Findings of our study will enhance the knowledge of likely causative organism causing neonatal septicemia for the clinicians which can in turn help in instituting prompt and appropriate therapy which in turn reduce morbidity and mortality.
Smart Materials– astute aspects of Dentistry - a review
Authors: Amudha Lakshmi Krishnan , Usha Rao Golla , Arthiseethalakshmi Srikumar , Padmapriya Mahalingam
Published: December 2022

Materials are considered to be Smart when they possess the ability to change their physical properties in a specific manner in response to specific stimuli. In this paper we discuss various materials in dentistry which possess ldquoSmartnessrdquo as they have various properties which can be altered in controlled fashion by stimuli such as stress temperature moisture pH electric or magnetic field.As we progress towards innovation and to improve technology we should utilize all the materials which have smartness by chance and also design existing materials to incorporate smartness in them.
Selefi-Cihadi Örgütlerin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi: El Kaide ve IŞİD Örneği
Authors: KAŞIKCI Tamer , BÜLBÜL Gözde Deniz
Published: December 2022

ABD’de gerçekleşen 11 Eylül terör saldırıları, terörizmi uluslararası gündemin üst sıralarına taşımanın yanı sıra, terörizm çalışmalarına yönelik mevcut ilginin de artmasına neden olmuş, özellikle saldırıları gerçekleştiren El Kaide benzeri Selefi-cihadi örgütlere yönelik çalışmaların sayısı hızlı bir şekilde artmıştır. Bu Selefi-cihadi örgütlere yönelik gelişen alanyazında genelleştirici ve indirgemeci olmak üzere iki yaklaşım dikkat çekmektedir. Genelleştirici yaklaşımlar, bu örgütleri yüzeysel ortak özellikleri bağlamında birbirine özdeş yapılar olarak tanımlamakta iken, indirgemeci yaklaşımlar ise bu aktörlerin birbirlerinden farklılaştığı noktalara odaklanarak çeşitli sınıflandırmalar üretmektedir. Her iki yaklaşım da, sayıları hızla artan Selefi-cihadi örgütlerin anlaşılmasında önemli avantajlara sahip olmakla birlikte, genelleştirici yaklaşımlar, birbirinden farklı siyasi, sosyal, ekonomik ve tarihsel koşullar içerisinde oluşan bu aktörlerin önemli farklılıklarını; indirgemeci yaklaşımlar ise bu örgütlerin, oluşturdukları tipolojilerin koşullarına uyum sağlamayan özeliklerini göz ardı etmektedirler. Bu varsayım temelinde makale, Selefi-Cihadi örgütlere yönelik gerçekliği daha açık bir şekilde elde edebilmek için genelleştirici ve indirgemeci yaklaşımların sınırlarına bağlı kalmaksızın, öne çıkan cihadi terör oluşumları olarak El Kaide ve IŞİD’in benzerlik ve farlılıklarının ne olduğu sorusuna yanıt aramaktadır. Bu soru özelinde makalede, cihadi örgütlerin, güçlü benzerliklerine rağmen genelleştirici yaklaşımların öne sürdüğü kadar özdeş, farklılıklarının ise indirgemeci çalışmaların ileri sürdüğü kadar keskin olmadığı iddiası ileri sürülmektedir. Çalışmada, değerlendirilen aktörlerin farklılıkları ve benzerlikleri, aktörlere ait birincil kaynaklar üzerinden ideoloji, amaç ve strateji kategorileri içerisinde analiz edilmektedir.
Dini Diplomasi ve Şiileştirme Bağlamında İran’ın Afrika’daki Faaliyetleri: Fas, Tunus, Cezayir Örneği
Authors: KARAOĞLU Orhan
Published: December 2022

İçerisinde bulunduğumuz 21. yüzyıl, 2000'li yılların başında dönemin Güney Afrika Devlet Başkanı Thabo Mbeki tarafından "Afrika Yüzyılı" olarak tanımlamıştır. Afrika’nın 21. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren uluslararası sistem içerisinde daha etkin rol oynaması ve küresel sahnede ağırlığı giderek artan bir aktör olması beklenmektedir. Küresel aktörlerin Afrika’da yer alması, bölgesel güçlerin de Afrika üzerinde siyaset geliştirmelerine zemin hazırlamıştır. Bu bağlamda bölgesel bir güç olan İran’ın Afrika özelinde de Kuzey Afrika’daki faaliyetleri özellikle de Şiileştirme siyaseti diğer rakiplerine göre daha dikkat çekici bir şekilde ilerlemektedir. Pers İmparatorluğu’ndan miras alınan Farsi bakış açısının yanı sıra Şiilik, günümüz İran’ının jeopolitik ve jeokültürel eğitimlerini önemli derecede etkilemiş ve etkilemeye devam etmektedir. Siyasallaşmasıyla birlikte Şiilik, İran’ın milli kimliğinin oluşturulmasında ve korunmasında önemli rol oynayan faktörlerden biri belki de en önemlisi haline gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda etrafındaki diğer medeniyetlerden farklı sosyo-kültürel bir sistem oluşturan İran Şiiliği, Şah İsmail döneminden itibaren Fars milliyetçiliği ile iç içe geçerek günümüz İran’ının güvenlik ve dış politikası üzerindeki temel belirleyici haline gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda bu makalede İran’ın Kuzey Afrika’da Fas, Tunus ve Cezayir’deki dini diplomasi ve Şiileştirme faaliyetleri ele alınacaktır
Scientific legal heritage of professor Sergey Vladimirovich Shostakovich. To the 120 anniversaries since birth
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kazarin V. N.
Published: December 2022

Are considered scientific heritage of the historian, lawyer and orientalist, professor of the Irkutsk university S. V. Shostakovich. Its role in reconstruction of the higher legal education in Eastern Siberia is noted. The main attention is paid to the analysis of historical and legal questions in research of antique Greece, the countries of the Middle East, Central Asia and China during modern and latest times. It is noted that S. V. Shostakovich made a scientific contribution in studying the legal dependent population and patriarchal family in Ancient Greece, problems of the feudal monarchy in Persia of the end XVIII – the first half of the 19th centuries, international law, a problem of exterritoriality of foreigners in China of the beginning of the 20th century, international legal position of the state Tannu-Tuva in the 20th of the 20th century. It one of the first considered also political and legal views of the prominent Russian diplomat A. S. Griboyedov. The conclusion is drawn that S. V. Shostakovich carried on scientific traditions of a historical and legal perspective of the Irkutsk legal school of the 1920th, made an original contribution to studying problems of history of state and law, a political and legal thought.
Problems of implementing the necessary defense against administrative offenses
Authors:   Far Eastern Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Shveyger A. O.
Published: December 2022

The article deals with the issue of necessary defense. The conclusion is made about its universal character. Its intersectoral nature is noted. The sign of the public danger of encroachment is analyzed, as a result of which the author comes to the conclusion that the legislator deliberately does not use it in relation to administrative offenses, seeking to differentiate offenses related to criminal law in this way. It is also concluded that the correct approach is applied by the legislator to exclude the sign of public danger from administrative offenses. The peculiarity of administrative offenses and the possibility of using the necessary defense to protect against them are analyzed. The conclusion is made about the possibility of applying the necessary defense against administrative torts and the need to include this institution in the number of circumstances excluding the delinquency of the act.
Peculiarities of the legal status of subjects of entrepreneurial activity as a military person responsible in the Russian Empire
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Ganusenko I. V.
Published: December 2022

The issues of the features of the legal regulation of the military duty of male by military obligations are considered to be taxed in the field of entrepreneurial activity, in the Russian Empire of the XVIII – early XX centuries, due to the presence of spaces in the domestic law sci-ence on the study of these issues. Features of the legislative practice of the formation of certain institutions of military law and the devel-opment of the system of industry military legislation in Russia during the government of military reforms in the first quarter of the XVIII centuries were revealed. General trends in interaction in the domestic legal system of military law and entrepreneurial and tax law were identified in terms of the specifics of the regulatory security of legal persons who fulfill national obligations at the same time: military and paying tax for the right to engage in professional entrepreneurial activity. Based on the analysis of the accumulated historical experience of the Russian Empire, a conclusion was concluded about the effectiveness and the advisability of providing benefits for the performance of military duty for entrepreneurs.
Problems of determining the shape in the right of common shared ownership of common property in an apartment building
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kovalenko Y. N. ,   limited liability сompany “Center for Legal Solutions “Legalight”
Published: December 2022

It is established that in order to implement effective decisions of meetings of co-owners in the right of common shared ownership, it is extremely important to provide a single and understandable way of counting votes and the principle of expenses commensurate with the share in the right of common ownership corresponding to this method. The main legal problems arising in connection with the quantitative calculation of the size of the shares of co-owners in the right of common shared ownership of the common property of an apartment building are identified. The leading approaches to the study of this problem are dialectics, analysis, synthesis, deduction, formal legal and comparative legal methods. It is concluded that when calculating the share, it is necessary to take into account the ratio of the size of the area of a certain room to the total area of all residential and non-residential premises in the aggregate, without taking into account the total property of an apartment building, in connection with which it is recommended to amend paragraph 1 of Article 37 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation. To date, it is relevant to investigate the regulation of the share in the right of common ownership, because, despite the presence in the Housing Code of the Russian Federation of the norm on the definition of the share, law enforcement practice is not uniform and contradictory, applying different approaches to the calculation of the share. At the same time, this issue is of great practical importance, since it is related to the counting of the number of votes at the general meeting of co-owners, and also directly affects the rights and legitimate interests of co-owners in terms of redistributing the burden of expenses for the maintenance of common property in an apartment building in accordance with the size of the share.
Some aspects of the criminal law analysis of violations of fire safety requirements
Authors:   Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasova, Belov A. N.
Published: December 2022

Some aspects of the characteristics of the violation of fire safety requirements in the doctrine of criminal law and in criminal law are presented, taking into account the blank nature of the relevant provisions and norms. The emphasis is placed, first of all, on the objective signs of the corpus delicti provided for in Article 219 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Fire safety is analyzed as an object of the crime under consideration. Attention is paid to the correlation of fire safety with such categories as public safety and national security. Special attention is paid to the analysis of such a phenomenon and category as “fire”, its place and role in relation to the composition of the crime under consideration. It is concluded that fire is inevitably an obligatory objective sign of this corpus delicti. A proposal is made on the need to supplement the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation with an appropriate instruction
To the question of the time of the end of the crime
Authors:   Moscow Regional Branch of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation named after V.Ya. Kikotya, Zhilkin M. G.
Published: December 2022

A study was made of the relationship between the actual and legal moments of the end of a crime in criminal law and judicial practice. Based on a comparison of the legislative structures of various types of crimes and the legal provisions of judicial practice, it has been proved that the actual end of a crime may not coincide with its legal definition, which leads to problems in criminal law assessment in such situations. The role of clarifications of the highest court in determining the moment of the end of crimes and their importance for the correct application of the criminal law is shown. On the example of certain types of crimes, the features of determining the moment of the actual and legal end of crimes with formal, truncated and material constructions are analyzed. The problems of establishing the moment of the end of crimes depending on their legislative structure are identified and positions on their solution are substantiated, which contributes to the development of the doctrinal provisions of criminal law on completed and unfinished crimes and allows directing law enforcement practice along the path of a uniform understanding of the criminal law.
Some problems of qualifying crimes related to corporate takeovers (based on judicial practice). Part 1
Authors:   Bar Association “Optimum” of the Irkutsk region, Oreshkin M. I.
Published: December 2022

The article deals with certain problems of applying the norms of criminal law in the field of counteracting raider seizures. A brief analysis of the dispositions of part one of article 170.1 and part one of article 185.5 of the Criminal Code of Russia is given, attention is drawn to certain shortcomings in the structure of offenses and contradictions that arise in law enforcement. Statistical data for the last three years on the number of persons convicted of these crimes are given. The judicial practice in criminal cases considered under the indicated articles in various regions of Russia is summarized, excerpts from court verdicts and judicial acts of the appellate and cassation instances are given. The problems of qualification of socially dangerous attacks committed with the aim of seizing the management of organizations, and their competition with the elements of crimes provided for by Articles 159, 327 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, are touched upon. The points of view of some scientific and practical workers on the issues of the topic are given and the author’s personal position on solving the problems that have arisen is expressed in order to avoid mistakes in law enforcement practice.
Commenting on distinction of minor acts (part 2 art. 14 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and other offenses
Authors:   Baikal State University, Parkhomenko S. V. , Lazuk D. S. ,   Baikal-Angarsk Prosecutor’s Office
Published: December 2022

This research is devoted to the issue of distinction between minor acts (p. 2 of Art. 14 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and other offenses. As an example, the author analyzes the complexity of application Art. 256 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and p. 2 of Art. 8.37 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. During the research it becomes clear that population of the Russian Federation, including justice officials, does not perceive illegal fishing as a crime. In this regard, there are a lot of controversial issues considering ways of distinguishing an administrative offense from a criminally punishable act. Based on the results of the study, the author made an attempt to improve the legislation, specifically we propose to introduce the new concept of a “criminal offense” in order to bring the legislation in line with social and economic forces.
PENERAPAN TEORI CLARK LEONARD HULL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Romandhona Ardiansyah , Purwaningrum Jayanti Putri
Published: December 2022

This study aims to assist teachers in identifying the application of Clark Leonard Hull's theory in mathematics learning. Clark Leonard Hull's theory suggests that biological needs (drive) and the satisfaction of biological needs (drive reduction) are in a central position in all human activities, so that the stimulus ) what happens in learning is almost always associated with biological needs, although the response that comes may take various forms. This theory argues that the learning process occurs due to the Stimulus-Response (SR) interaction. In Hull's theory, the most famous of which is the drive reduction theory which has 4 principles, namely (1) drive, (2) stimulus and response, (3) response, (4) reinforcement. If the Hull theory is applied to mathematics learning activities, it will make students more interested in learning and easily understand the material to be taught by the teacher. In its implementation there are six processes, namely (1) Determination of learning objectives to be achieved, (2) preparation in the process of achieving goals, (3) understanding the environmental situation of the subject to be taught, (4) interpreting the environmental situation based on the understanding obtained, (5) implementation of activities in achieving the goals to be achieved, (6) reflection.
ANALISIS KESULITAN MENYELESAIKAN SOAL MATEMATIKA MATERI POLA BILANGAN DI TINJAU DARI PERBEDAAN GENDER SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 34 MAKASSAR
Authors: Al Saleh Aminah Nurfajri , Husniati Andi , Gaffar Abdul
Published: December 2022

Aminah Nurfajri Al Saleh. 2020. Difficulty Analysis of Solving Mathematical Problems with Number Patterns in terms of Gender Differences in Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 34 Makassar. Essay. Mathematics Education Study Program, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. Advisor I Andi Husniati and Advisor II Abdul Gaffar. This study aims to describe the location of the difficulties experienced by students in solving math problems on number pattern material for class VIII SMP Negeri 34 Makassar in the 2020/2021 school year in terms of gender differences. This research is a research that uses a qualitative descriptive approach which is designed to determine the location of the students' difficulties in solving math problems with the number pattern material in terms of gender differences. The data analyzed were data on the location of student difficulties in terms of gender differences. Data collection methods used were giving essay tests and interviews. The questions used in the test measure the location of the student's difficulty, amounting to 2 questions which contain indicators of the difficulty of concepts, principles, and verbal. These questions were done by 2 students in 45 minutes and the interview aimed to find out where the students' difficulties in answering the questions were. The results of the study provide information that there are differences in the difficulties of male and female students in solving math problems with the number pattern material. This is in line with the results of this study as it has been described that the difficulties of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 34 Makassar include principle difficulties for male students while female students include principle and verbal difficulties.
PENGARUH IKLIM BELAJAR DAN MINAT BELAJAR TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA DIMASA PANDEMIK SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR SE KECAMATAN MALILI
Authors: Setiawan Didik
Published: December 2022

The existence of the COVID-19 pandemic that hit our country greatly affected the world of education, the change in the learning process from face to face to online resulted in a change in the learning atmosphere for students, as well as student interest in learning. This change in the learning process of course resulted in students' understanding of mathematical concepts being also affected.This study aims to determine the description of the learning climate, interest in learning, and understanding of mathematical concepts for fifth grade elementary school students in Malili District during the Covid-19 pandemic both simultaneously and simultaneously. partially. This type of research is ex-post facto. In this study, the population was all fifth grade elementary school students in Malili District, with a sample of 80 people by random sampling. Data on learning climate and interest in learning were obtained using a questionnaire and mathematics learning outcomes using tests. Analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis to describe the characteristics of each variable and inferential analysis to test the research hypothesis used regression test. The results showed that the learning climate of elementary school students V in Malili District was in the low category, interest in learning was in the high category, while understanding of mathematical concepts was in the high category. There is an influence of learning climate on students' understanding of mathematical concepts, there is an influence of interest in learning on students' understanding of mathematical concepts and there is an influence of learning climate and interest in learning on students' understanding of mathematical concepts. This research provides information for educators regarding the influence of learning climate and interest in learning on students' understanding of mathematical concepts and becomes a reference for further researchers
MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PADA SISWA KELAS V MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE
Authors: Haeriah Siti
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the improvement of students' mathematics learning outcomes through the TPS type cooperative learning model. This type of research is classroom action research. The research subjects consisted of 32 students which were carried out in 2 cycles, namely cycle 1 and cycle 2. Students' mathematics learning outcomes increased through the Think Pair Share Cooperative Learning Model. This can be seen from the learning outcomes of the first cycle which are in the medium, with an average score of 59.22 from the ideal score of 100.00, an increase in the category in the second cycle which is in the high category with an average score of 72.97 of the score. ideally 100.00. Students' motivation to learn Mathematics has increased through the Think Pair Share Cooperative Learning Model. This increase can be seen from the experience of students, attention, and activeness of students in the teaching and learning process in accordance with the results of observations during implementation actions and from the results of student reflections.
Recadastramento da população residente em Foz do Iguaçu, Brasil, em atendimento à Política de Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Gomes Marília Miranda Forte , Souza Cruz Rebeca Carmo de , Vasconcelos Ana Maria Nogales , Izuka Adriana , Bom Carmensita Gaievski , Parra da Luz Larissa Djanilda , Uchimura Kátia Yumi , Terabe Sandro , Cortez-Escalante Juan José , Almirón Maria
Published: December 2022

Objetivo.

Apresentar a experiência e os resultados do recadastramento da população residente em Foz do Iguaçu, um município de fronteira localizado no estado do Paraná, Brasil, para atender às diretrizes da Política de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) e ao seu novo modelo de financiamento pelo Programa Previne Brasil.

Métodos.

Utilizando uma estratégia de varredura (amostra de conveniência) para coleta de dados, foram visitados 52 263 domicílios e realizadas 22 710 entrevistas de setembro a novembro de 2019. As entrevistas foram realizadas pessoalmente por 54 agentes comunitários de saúde. Foram coletados dados sobre o domicílio (status de posse da moradia, localização urbana ou rural, tipo de domicílio, material da construção, disponibilidade de rede elétrica e de esgoto, abastecimento de água e destino do lixo) e informações demográficas e de saúde dos moradores.

Resultados.

O recadastramento revelou que os domicílios eram predominantemente casas próprias, em área urbana, bem edificados e servidos por energia elétrica, rede geral de água e coleta de lixo. Sobre a população recadastrada, 52,8% eram mulheres, 62,5% tinham idade de 15 a 59 anos e 60,0% se autodeclararam brancos. Entre os entrevistados com 15 anos ou mais, 90,0% tinham completado o ensino fundamental. A principal ocupação foi “assalariado com carteira de trabalho”. Ainda, 18,6% dos entrevistados se autodeclararam hipertensos e 7,0%, diabéticos.

Conclusões.

O recadastramento trouxe informações relevantes para subsidiar o planejamento da APS, assim como iniciativas de assistência social, trabalho e habitação; também foi fundamental para definir estratégias de atenção à saúde nesse município de fronteira durante a pandemia de COVID-19.
SOCIAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF EMPLOYMENT OF UNIVERSITY GRADUATES
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, Litvinova Galina A.
Published: December 2022

The article deals with the problems of managing the employment of university graduates in modern conditions. The existing practical experience in managing the employment of university graduates at Belgorod enterprises allows us to consider this process not just as a "method of managerial activity", but as a technology. The urgent need for employment of graduates of Russian universities in their specialty, taking into account the increasing need of enterprises, especially industrial ones, for highly qualified personnel, determines the relevance of this study. The results of our sociological research among graduates of Belgorod universities and managers of enterprises indicate that one of the effective social technologies is employment management. As we found out, the majority of graduates of V.G. Shukhov BSTU get a job through the scientific and methodological center for professional adaptation and employment of graduates (12.5%), through the BSTU employment center (14.5%), using messengers (Tele-gram). It is concluded that the system and personnel technologies of training and advanced training of personnel at the expense of the budget of enterprises and organizations that have proven their effectiveness are still not being used at the enterprises of the Belgorod region.
THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEFINITION OF THE ENTITY AND FACTORS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMATIZATION OF LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod Regional Neurological Hospital for Wars Veterans, Enina Victoria V. , Enin Kirill Al. ,   Nizhny Novgorod Regional Neurological Hospital for Wars Veterans
Published: December 2022

The article considers the nature of mental trauma. The authors summarize the main theoretical approaches to the study of the essence of psychological traumatization in military personnel of law enforcement and law enforcement structures, presented in domestic and foreign literature. The whole set of interpretations of the term "mental trauma" is integrated through the prism of sex research approaches: 1) clinical-nosocentric; 2) psychodynamic; 3) structural-dissociative; 4) behavioral; 5) cognitive; 6) personal. The content of the main theoretical approaches to the study of the essence of psychological traumatization of law enforcement officers is disclosed. The authors emphasize the importance of understanding the systemic nature of the functioning of psychological defenses of the individual for the diagnosis, prevention and rehabilitation of mental trauma of law enforcement officers. The external and internal factors that provoke the occurrence and development of mental trauma in employees are determined.
Türkiye ve Avrupa Ülkelerinde Okul Yöneticisi Eğitimi ve Atanma Süreçlerine İlişkin Bir Çalışma (A Study on The School Administrators Education and Appointment Processes in Türkiye and European Countries)
Authors: Şahin Münir
Published: December 2022

Okul yöneticisi okulda verilen eğitimin amacına ulaşması için gerekli tüm planlamayı yapmalı, iş birliği ve ortaklaşa çalışma takımları oluşturarak, okulun içinde ve dışında bulunan paydaşlarla birlikte hareket etmelidir. İyi yönetilmeyen bir okulun başarıya ulaşması beklenemez. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada Türkiye’de ve Avrupa ülkelerinde okul yöneticisi yetiştirilmesi, seçme ve atama uygulamalarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 2018 PISA Sınavı sonuçları dikkate alınarak başarı durumu yüksek, orta ve düşük düzeyde üç ülke, Finlandiya, Fransa ve Yunanistan ile birlikte Türkiye’deki durum incelenmiştir. Nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan doküman incelemesine uygun bir şekilde çalışma yürütülmüştür. Konuya ilişkin literatür taraması yapılarak var olan durum belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, merkeziyetçi bir yönetim anlayışı ile yönetilen Türkiye ve Yunanistan gibi düşük PİSA sınavı sonuçlarına sahip ülkelerde öğretmenlik tecrübesinin atamalarda önemli bir koşul olduğu ve genellikle atama için göreve başlamadan önce eğitim yönetimine yönelik bir eğitim şartı bulunmadığı görülmektedir. Ancak yerel yönetimlere eğitim yönetiminin büyük oranda bırakıldığı Finlandiya ve daha az özerkliğin tanındığı Fransa gibi ülkelerde eğitim yöneticilerinden tecrübe dışında eğitim yönetimi gibi alanlarda hizmet öncesi eğitim istendiği, hizmet içi eğitimlerle de yönetici eğitiminin devam ettiği görülmüştür.
Morphofunctional Changes in Athletes in the Process of Strength Training at a Specialized Basic Stage in Horting
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University. 30, Vinnichenko Str., Lutsk 43025, Ukraine, Fedorov S. I. , Chernozub A. A.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the work was to study the influence of training session models different in structure, loads, and means in the process of strength training in horting on the development of strength capabilities and changes in the indicators of the body composition of athletes. Materials and methods. The study involved 60 men aged 19–21, who have been engaged in horting for the past 3.5–4 years. For the practical implementation of the purpose, three experimental groups were formed. The duration of the study was 3 months. Three variants of strength training models were offered. The main difference between the proposed models is the combination of exercise complexes on simulators or with free weight loads with different sequences of using basic and isolating exercises in the conditions of anaerobic alactate or lactate modes of energy supply against the background of load modes of different intensity. Control of changes in the studied indicators occurred with the help of testing methods and bioimpedancemetry. Results and discussion. It was revealed that the greatest development of maximum muscle strength by 63% over three months of research is observed when performing basic exercises in the athletes of the 3rd group. The athletes of this group also demonstrate the greatest growth dynamics of the investigated indicator by 47.6% during the control testing of strength development in isolating exercises. At the same time, the smallest dynamics of development of the investigated strength indicators among the examined contingent over the same period of time, was found in the athletes of the 2nd group. On average, the dynamics of maximum strength development in athletes of the 2nd group is 8% lower compared to the participants of the 3rd group. Control of the nature of changes in the body composition indicators of the participants revealed that only in the athletes of groups 1 and 3 during the study period, we observed a significant decrease in the level of fat mass by an average of 2.6% compared to the initial data. At the same time, only in the representatives of groups 1 and 3, the indicators of lean body mass show positive dynamics to the increase by an average of 4.8% over three months of research. Conclusion. At the stage of special basic training, the use of exercises on simulators in the training session against the background of premature fatigue of the working muscle groups in a series of isolating exercises in the conditions of the anaerobic-glycolytic mode of energy supply, followed by the use of a series of basic exercises in the anaerobic-lactate mode with high-intensity loads contributes to the most pronounced rate of development of strength capabilities and positive changes in the indicators of body composition of athletes
Prevalence of Pediatric Autism Spectrum Disorder in Korea Using National Statistics Including the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2011 to 2021
Authors: Eom Hyeji , Kim Minji , Yoo Jung Kyung , Bae Eunjoo , Yi Jeonghyeon , Lee Ji Young
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Regularly analyzing the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is im-portant to inform policies and strategies for proper management. The present study aimed to estimate trends in ASD prevalence according to age and time in Korean chil-dren.Methods: We monitored the annual prevalence of ASD in children aged 2 to 18 years based on information from Statistics Korea and the Korean National Health Insurance Service. We estimated changes in prevalence between 2011 and 2021 after stratifying participants into three age groups. Furthermore, we analyzed the prevalence of ASD by birth year. Results: The highest level of prevalence appeared in children aged 6 years, and thereaf-ter, it declined with age. The prevalence of ASD in children aged 2 to 18 years in-creased from 0.05% in 2011 to 0.12% in 2021. During the same time, the prevalence in preschool children (2 to 5 years) remarkably increased from 0.04% in 2011 to 0.12% in 2021, while the prevalence in adolescents (13 to 18 years) increased from 0.05% in 2011 to 0.09% in 2021. The prevalence of ASD notably increased during the coronavirus dis-ease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (2020 to 2021). Among children born between 2011 and 2015, the prevalence of ASD was higher for children with recent birth years, espe-cially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The overall ASD prevalence in children and adolescents in Korea seems to be increasing, especially in preschool children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Early and more effective interventions are necessary for Korean children.
Early Recognition of Pediatric Strokes in the Emergency Department: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, and Factors Impeding Stroke Diagnosis in Children
Authors: Tan Si Qi , Cher Wen Qi , Chong Shu-Ling , Ang Angelina Su Yin , Ganapathy Sashikumar , Chan Derrick Wei Shih , Tan Ronald Ming Ren
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Strokes are challenging to diagnose in pediatric emergency departments (EDs) as level of suspicion is low and atypical presentations are common. We analyzed clinical features, epidemiology and factors of delayed identification in arterial ischemic strokes (AIS) and hemorrhagic strokes (HS). Methods: Single-centre retrospective cohort study of children aged between 29 days and 18 years old diagnosed with stroke between July 2016 to June 2021. Results: Among 36 children, 11 (30.5%) had AIS, 25 (69.4%) had HS. Median age for AIS was 9 years (interquartile range [IQR], 2 to 9) and HS 9 years (IQR, 1 to 11.5) (P=0.715). Focal neurological deficit was seen in 72.7% of AIS and 20% of HS (P=0.006). Only 18.2% of AIS and 52.0% of HS presented within 6 hours of symptoms. Median time from symptom onset to ED presentation was 24 hours (IQR, 12 to 28) for AIS and 7 hours (IQR, 1.8 to 48) for HS (P=0.595). Most (85.6%) arrived by own transport. Median time from presentation to neuroimaging was 7 hours (IQR, 0.9 to 7) for AIS and 4.8 (IQR, 1.3 to 16.8) hours for HS (P=0.376). Eleven patients, 9/25 (36.0%) HS and 2/11 (18.2%) AIS, did not have stroke as differential diagnosis at ED (P=0.714). Common initial diagnoses were viral illness or headaches. On univariate analysis, age <1 (odds ratio [OR], 17.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 250.4; P=0.035) and absence of focal neurological deficit (OR, 13.091; 95% CI, 1.5 to 117.9; P=0.022) were significant factors for delayed identification. Conclusion: Index of suspicion for pediatric strokes among caregivers and clinicians should be increased. Public awareness campaigns are recommended.
Effect of biochar and plastic mulch on growth, yield, and yield attributing characteristics of spring maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Bishwakarma S. , Karkee S. S. , Khanal B. R.
Published: December 2022

Spring maize is an important crop to meet the growing demand for maize. Moisture stress is an important yield limiting factor during the dry spring period. Biochar and plastic mulch help in soil moisture conservation and might contribute to the growth and yield of maize. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of biochar application and plastic mulch on growth, yield, and yield attributing characteristics of spring maize (Zea mays L.) in a sandy loam soil at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal in 2018. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design (SPD) with three replications. The Main plots were allocated to the mulching (mulching, and no mulching) while the Subplot was to the biochar rates of 0 t/ha, 5 t/ha, 15 t/ha, and 25 t/ha. There were twenty-four plots of each plot size 4.8 × 1.5 m2. The grounded biochar passed through a 1 mm sieve and was applied in the well-prepared plots two weeks before seed sowing. The maize seeds were sown at 60 cm row to row and 25 cm plant to plant distance. There were no significant effects due to both factors on maize seed emergence, plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area index, root length, dry matter content, stover yield, and yield attributes. But the yield was significantly influenced by their interactions. Significantly highest grain yield (2.58 t/ha) was obtained from 25 t/ha with plastic mulch followed by plastic mulch with 15 t/ha biochar (2.06 t/ha) and the least was recorded from control plots (1.19 t/ha). From the result, it can be concluded that the application of a higher biochar rate of 25 t/ha with plastic mulch contributes to a higher yield of spring maize.
Farmers’ knowledge and adoption of improved mandarin orchard management practices in Syangja district, Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Aashish , Giri Hom Nath , Subedi Santosh
Published: December 2022

Mandarin is one of the major fruit crops in the mid-hills of Nepal. Since improved farming practices appear to offer a significant chance to boost production and revenue, a study was conducted in Syangja, Nepal with the objective to assess farmers’ knowledge and adoption of improved mandarin orchard management practices and identify factors affecting their adoption. Primary data were collected by the use of pretested semi-structured questionnaire from randomly selected 97 respondents within the study area. Data were entered and analyzed using MS Excel, SPSS, and STATA, and the inferences were retrieved using the binary logistic regression model. Findings revealed that the respondents were familiar with most of the improved orchard management practices, however, there was variation in the scale of adoption of these practices. The majority (>90%) were found to practice pruning, FYM application, and weed control; however, there were relatively fewer adopters when it came to the use of Bordeaux paste (75.25%), chemical fertilizers (17.52%), mulching (57.74%), irrigation (44.33%), and soil testing and amendment (39.18%). The study showed that the adoption of Bordeaux paste and soil amendment differ significantly by gender (p=0.069 and p=0.041, respectively). Training has a positive impact on the use of Bordeaux paste (p=0.026), chemical fertilizers (p=0.075), and soil amendment practices (p=0.003). The usage of chemical fertilizers is more prevalent among people with formal education (p=0.075). Knowledge level also positively influences the adoption of mulching (p=0.014) and soil amendment practices (p=0.000). The number of trees is positively and significantly associated (p=0.008) with irrigation practice. It is recommended that expanding access to irrigation facilities and encouraging the use of the recommended amount of fertilizers, mulch, and Bordeaux paste must be prioritized in the study area.
Performance and supply chain analysis of Binalebu-1 in some selected areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Razia , Rahman Md. Habibur , Sarkar Md. Mohsin Ali , Islam Syful , Islam Md. Rafiqul
Published: December 2022

The study was conducted to find out the performance and supply chain of Binalebu-1 in four major Binalebu-1growing areas of Bangladesh, namely Cumilla, Mymensingh, Rangpur and Dhaka districts. Simple random sampling technique was followed for this study. The average cost of lemon production was estimated at Tk. 206127 per hectare of which about 68% was variable cost and 32% was fixed cost. Human labour cost was the lion share (32%) of total cost and it followed by irrigation cost (6.63%), Insecticide (2.64%) sapling (2.60%), and in the study areas. The average yield of Binalebu-1 was recorded 28.32 t/ha in all study areas while it was highest in 3rd year (30.24 t/ha) followed by 2nd year (28.17 t/ha) and 1st year (26.58 t/ha). The average gross return, gross margin and net return of lemon were found to be Tk 744517.62/ha, Tk 454521.67/ha, and Tk 538390.75/ha, respectively. Average BCR was found to be 2.71 on the basis of total cost. Supply chain was classified into four types: Channel 1: Accounts for 40 % which was ranked as I; Channel II: Accounts for 20 % which was Ranked as II; Channel III: Accounts for 18 % which was Ranked as III, Channel IV: Accounts for 12 % which was ranked as IV; Channel V: Accounts for 10 % which was Ranked as V. It was revealed that the value addition of the Faria, Bepari, Paiker, Arathdar, Retailer were Tk.135, Tk.95, Tk.55, Tk.39 and, Tk155 per quintal, respectively.
Weight-length, length-length relationships and form factor of three flatfish species from the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh
Authors: Ullah Md. Rahamat , Mredul Md. Mahamudul Hasan , Alam Mohammad Ashraful , Rahman Md. Arifur , Alam Md. Ariful
Published: December 2022

Biometrics such as weight-length relationships (WLRs), length-length relationships (LLRs), as well as form factor (a3.0) were investigated for three flatfish species, Cynoglossus lingua, Cynoglossus arel, and Brachirus pan which were captured using seines and gill nets between September 2021 and March 2022 from the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. The lengths were measured to adjacent 0.1 cm accuracy with a digital caliper and weights to the accuracy of 0.01 g with a digital balance for each individual. The WLRs were accurately adjusted for all species (r2 > 0.9500). Brachirus pan had the lowest b value of 2.9543, whereas C. arel had the highest b value of 3.2924 amongst the three species. For the investigated species of fish, LLRs were also highly significant (r2 > 0.9600, p < 0.01). The estimated form factor values were 0.0023 for B. pan, 0.0026 for C. arel, 0.0027 for C. lingua. New maximum total lengths for C. arel and B. pan have also been recorded. Since there are no weight-length relationships (WLRs), length-length relationships (LLRs), as well as form factor (a3.0) data for these species in Bangladesh; the information supplied here expands the depth of knowledge for these species.
Editorial: Modern Researches on Education (Review of Publications in Education and Self Development Journal)
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Valeeva Roza
Published: December 2022

Since the beginning of its publication by V.I. Andreev in 2006, the “Education and Self-Development” journal has been addressing the most pressing problems of pedagogy and psychology. The problem field of the journal is quite wide: it includes issues of pedagogy, andragogy and eutagogy; publishes articles on the conditions for ensuring access and equality of opportunities in education, paying serious attention to social inclusion. Didactics of general and higher education occupies a special place in the scope of the journal, including aspects of individual and group, open, distance and blended learning; development and application of systems, tools and technologies of training; content of education; monitoring, control and evaluation of the quality of education in schools, colleges, universities, professional institutions, covering all age groups of students. The issues of leadership and management in the field of continuing education, as well as vocational education, are no less relevant in the journal's problems.
The Influence of Selected Variables on University Students’ Critical Thinking Level: Preliminary Results
Authors:   J. E. Purkyne University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic, Kubiatko Milan , Balatova Kristyna ,   Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic, Sustekova Erika ,   University of Zilina, Zilina, Slovakia, Nepras Karel ,   J. E. Purkyne University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic, Kovarik Petr ,   J. E. Purkyne University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic
Published: December 2022

Critical thinking is necessary not only to understand the academic content, but also to effectively carry out activities related to one’s own profession. The aim of the research was to identify the level of critical thinking in university students and to determine the influence of selected variables on the level of critical thinking. The variables were gender, age, use of the media, necessity of the media, up-to-date information, up-to-date professional information, and health information on the Internet. Fifty respondents studying at university participated in the research. Both bachelor’s and master’s students at the age of 21 to 36 were involved in the study. In order to achieve the set goal, an quantitative approach was adopted using a critical thinking test (Criticatl Thinking Test for university Students - CTTUS) as a research technique. Descriptive, inductive and multivariate statistics were applied for the data analysis. Age and gender emerged as important factors. Information literacy, which can significantly affect the level of critical thinking, can also be an important factor in the education of pupils and students. Finally, the study limitations are presented.