bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Needle Placement for Piriformis Injection Using
3-D Imaging
Authors: Clendenen Steven R.
Published: March 2021

Piriformis syndrome is a pain syndrome originating in the buttock and is attributed to
6% – 8% of patients referred for the treatment of back and leg pain. The treatment for
piriformis syndrome using fluoroscopy, computed tomography (CT), electromyography
(EMG), and ultrasound (US) has become standard practice. The treatment of Piriformis
Syndrome has evolved to include fluoroscopy and EMG with CT guidance. We present a
case study of 5 successful piriformis injections using 3-D computer-assisted electromagnet
needle tracking coupled with ultrasound. A 6-degree of freedom electromagnetic
position tracker was attached to the ultrasound probe that allowed the system to detect
the position and orientation of the probe in the magnetic field. The tracked ultrasound
probe was used to find the posterior superior iliac spine. Subsequently, 3 points were
captured to register the ultrasound image with the CT or magnetic resonance image
scan. Moreover, after the registration was obtained, the navigation system visualized
the tracked needle relative to the CT scan in real-time using 2 orthogonal multi-planar
reconstructions centered at the tracked needle tip. Conversely, a recent study revealed
that fluoroscopically guided injections had 30% accuracy compared to ultrasound guided
injections, which tripled the accuracy percentage. This novel technique exhibited an
accurate needle guidance injection precision of 98% while advancing to the piriformis
muscle and avoiding the sciatic nerve. The mean (± SD) procedure time was 19.08 (±
4.9) minutes. This technique allows for electromagnetic instrument tip tracking with realtime 3-D guidance to the selected target. As with any new technique, a learning curve
is expected; however, this technique could offer an alternative, minimizing radiation
exposure.
Key words: Piriformis, electromagnetic, ultrasound, fluoroscopy, injection, 3-D imaging.
Transversus Abdominis Plane Neurolysis
with Phenol in Abdominal Wall Cancer Pain
Palliation
Authors: Gebhardt Rodolfo
Published: March 2021

Pain is commonly perceived by patients during cancer and its treatment. Although most
patients respond to conservative management implemented according to the World Health
Organization guidelines, a subset of patients with advanced disease develop intractable pain
that may require additional interventions such as regional blocks and intrathecal therapy.
Patients with terminal abdominal or pelvic cancer who have high tumor burdens are often
offered a diagnostic visceral nerve block followed by neurolysis for pain palliation. Conventional
visceral blocks usually require fluoroscopic guidance for correct needle placement in the
vicinity of the neuroaxis or abdominal cavity. These techniques carry risks of injury to vessels,
bowels, and nerves. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a technique that is easy to
perform (particularly when ultrasonographic guidance is used), has a good safety record, and
effectively reduces pain levels and opioid requirements after abdominal and gynecological
surgery. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of TAP blocks in
acute pain management, the role of TAP block in chronic pain management is very limited. We
believe that chemical neurolysis with phenol can prolong the effects of analgesia in patients
with terminal cancer. We describe a case of terminal abdominal sarcoma with intractable
pain that responded well to a TAP block followed by TAP neurolysis. The patient tolerated the
procedure well and demonstrated sustained analgesia for 45 days before dying of the disease.
We also demonstrated that TAP block significantly reduces the total opioid requirement as
demonstrated by the morphine equivalent daily dose score after the neurolytic procedure. This
result supports our belief that TAP block with TAP neurolysis is an effective and inexpensive
modality that can be used to palliate intractable abdominal wall pain in patients with terminal
abdominal cancer.
Key words: Cancer pain management, phenol neurolysis, chemical neurolysis, transversus
abdominis plane block, cancer pain palliation, intractable abdominal pain, ultrasound guided
Comparison Between Radiofrequency
Targeted Vertebral Augmentation and Balloon
Kyphoplasty in the Treatment of Vertebral
Compression Fractures: Addressing Factors that
Affect Cement Extravasation and Distribution
Authors: Georgy Bassem
Published: March 2021

Background: Both vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty have been described for treatment of
vertebral compression fractures. Vertebroplasty is known for its high leakage rate compared with
balloon kyphoplasty. In vitro studies have shown that high-viscosity cements significantly decrease
the incidence of cement leakage and increase the predictability of cement fill in cancellous bonelike
substrates compared with low-viscosity cements.
Objective: This study compares the incidence and pattern of cement leakage in cases treated with
standard balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) and a novel vertebral augmentation procedure, radiofrequency
targeted vertebral augmentation (RF-TVA).
Study Design: Retrospective evaluation of postoperative radiographs.
Setting: Single center inpatient and outpatient population.
Methods: Two methods of vertebral augmentation were utilized. Conventional bipedicular BKP
and RF-TVA, a novel unipedicular technique which uses a navigational osteotome to create targeted,
bone sparing cavities and RF energy to deliver an ultra-high viscosity cement at a consistent rate via
a remote controlled, automated hydraulic delivery system. Postoperative radiographs of patients
treated with the 2 techniques were critically analyzed for the incidence and location of cement
leakage. Eighty consecutive patients with 106 treated levels were included. Thirty-five patients with
49 levels in the BKP and 45 patients with 57 levels in RF-TVA group were evaluated.
Results: Leakages less than 1-2 mm were not reported since they may not represent any
clinical significance. In the BKP group, 6 leakages (12%) were reported (3 discal, 2 venous, one
paravaertebral, and no epidural). In the RF-TVA group, a total of 3 leakages (5%) were reported,
(one discal, 2 venous, no paravaertebral or epidural). Using contingency analysis for leakage per
level, there was a statistical difference for leakage between RF-TVA and standard BKP, P < 0.01.
Limitations: Retrospective study, single center.
Conclusions: The RF-TVA technique may provide an approximately 50% reduction in leakage
rate when compared to standard BKP. This may be related to the combination of controlled
delivery of radiofrequency activated (high viscosity) cement at a fixed, low rate of delivery into sitespecific channels created using a navigational osteotome. Additionally, based on the unipedicular
access and remotely controlled cement delivery RF-TVA may decrease procedural invasiveness and
physician radiation exposure, respectively.
Institutional Review: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board.
Key words: Balloon kyphoplasty, radiofrequency targeted vertebral augmentation, compression
fractures, cement leakage
EARLY DETECTION OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE USING DATA MINING: COMPARISON OF ENSEMBLE FEATURE SELECTION APPROACHES
Authors: BUYRUKOĞLU Selim
Published: March 2021

Early Alzheimer's disease detection has become an important research area for many years.
Various studies in the field of Alzheimer's disease detection have focused on applying individual feature selection methods. In addition to individual feature selection methods, the ensemble feature selection approach has become a creative field. It advocates the combination of the ranked features from various feature selection methods to obtain better results than the current approaches. Thus, this study aims to build a predictive model for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease using the ensemble feature selection approaches. Also, Alzheimer's disease dataset consists of three target classes: Normal (CN), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, homogeneous and heterogeneous ensemble approaches have been applied in the feature selection process. Two feature subsets are created based on these ensemble feature selection approaches. A predictive model for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease has been build applying Random Forest, Artificial Neural Network, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, and Naïve Bayes data mining algorithms. The predictive model uses the two feature subsets applying these algorithms separately. Then, the performance results are compared to determine which ensemble feature selection approach performs better than the other.
This study revealed that better performance result is provided applying Random Forest algorithm with feature subset obtained using the heterogeneous ensemble feature selection approach (91%).
Assistência de enfermagem a pacientes portadores de insuficiência cardí­aca descompensada: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Mendes Diniz Flávia Mariana , Cordeiro Gonçalves Karla
Published: March 2021

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar os cuidados de enfermagem a pacientes portadores de insuficiência cardí­aca descompensada descritos em literatura nacional e internacional. Método- Foi realizada uma Revisão Integrativa. A busca foi realizada de forma sistematizada nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENF, IBECS, MEDLINE e Pubmed. Resultados- A amostra constituiu-se de oito artigos, sendo possí­vel identificar intervenções de enfermagem educativas para o controle e prevenção da doença, intervenções durante a internação e após a alta hospitalar. Conclusão- Dentre os estudos selecionados, ficou evidenciado que as intervenções de enfermagem são fundamentais para prevenção e promoção a saúde a pacientes portadores de insuficiência cardí­aca descompensada nos diversos cenários de atenção í  saúde. O acompanhamento e a educação em saúde ao paciente com insuficiência cardí­aca têm grande potencial para atingir mudanças de atitudes e comportamento no enfrentamento a doença.
Evaluation of Fingerprint Liveness Detection by Machine Learning Approach - A Systematic View
Authors: Babikir Adam Edriss Eisa , Sathesh
Published: March 2021

Recently, fake fingerprint detection is a challenging task in the cyber-crime sector in any developed country. Biometric authentication is growing in many sectors such as internet banking, secret file locker, etc. There spoof fingerprint detection is an essential element that is used to detect spot-on fingerprint analysis. This article focuses on the implementation and evaluation of suitable machine learning algorithms to detect fingerprint liveness. It also includes the comparative study between Ridge-let Transform (RT) and the Machine Learning (ML) approach. This article emphasis on research and analysis of the detection of the liveness spoof fingerprint and identifies the problems in different techniques and solutions. The support vector machine (SVM) classifiers work with indiscriminate loads and confined grayscale array values. This leads to a liveness report of fingerprints for detection purposes. The SVM methodology classifies the fingerprint images among more than 50K of real and spoof fingerprint image collections based on this logic. Our proposed method achieves an overall high accuracy of detection of liveness fingerprint analysis. The ensemble classifier approach model is proving an overall efficiency rate of 90.34 % accurately classifies samples than the image recognition method with RT. This recommended method demonstrates the decrement of 2.5% error rate when compared with existing methods. The augmentation of the dataset is used to improve the accuracy to detect. Besides, it gives fake fingerprint recognition and makes available future direction.
Метод ускоренной сегментации и распознавания бинарных эталонов в условиях малого размера изображения
Authors: Конаныхин А.Ю. , Труфанов М.И.
Published: March 2021

Представлен метод ускоренного выделения, фильтрации, сегментации и распознавания бинарных эталонов в условиях малого размера изображений. Отличительной особенностью представленного метода является повышение скорости вычислений за счет введения измененного базиса пространства отфильтрованных изображений и снижения вычислительной сложности процедур обработки полутоновых изображений. Также новизной является повышение скорости обработки данных путем отсечения порогового значения границ для расчетного пространства модулей М-размерности для горизонтальной и вертикальной характеристик. Финальная процедура распознавания состоит в построении пирамиды масштабов изображений эталонов и их побитном взвешенном сравнении с выделенных сегментами.
Алгоритм проектирования оптоэлектронных приборов с применением компьютерного моделирования протекающих тепловых процессов
Authors: Кофанов Ю.Н. , Кузнецов Н.Е.
Published: March 2021

С развитием техники температурный диапазон воздействия окружающей среды постоянно расширяется. Одновременная микроминиатюризация конструкций ОЭП приводит к увеличению плотности внутренних тепловыделений в электрорадиоизделиях (ЭРИ). Поэтому при тепловых испытаниях изготовленных ОЭП часто выявляются отказы ЭРИ из-за их перегрева. В настоящей работе поставлена и решена научная задача разработки такого алгоритма создания ОЭП, который обеспечивал бы выявление перегревов ЭРИ на ранних этапах проектирования до изготовления макетов или опытных образцов изделия. Алгоритм построен на основе цифрового моделирования протекающего теплового процесса с учётом конструктивных особенностей ОЭП. Он даёт также повышение технико-экономических показателей создания ОЭП за счёт того, что раннее выявление возможных перегревов ЭРИ позволяет внести необходимые изменения в чертежи конструкции ОЭП до изготовления макета или опытного образца. Внесение изменений в чертежи и соответственно в тепловую модель ОЭП обходится гораздо дешевле, чем внесение их в изготовленные изделия. Сроки проектирования ОЭП сокращаются.
Индексно-численная технология сжатия данных в распределённых системах автоматизации схемотехнического проектирования
Authors: Гридин В.Н. , Анисимов В.И. , Серхир С.Х.
Published: March 2021

Рассматриваются методы повышения эффективности распределенных систем автоматизации схемотехнического проектирования на основе использования технологии компактной обработки разреженных матриц. Проводится сравнительная оценка эффективности возможных методов компактной обработки и делается вывод о целесообразности использования для сжатия данных метода структурно-симметричных матриц и двухэтапной процедуры сжатия данных.
Clinical-phenomenological structure and age-related features of the course of the disease in adolescence with mild mental retardation
Authors: Chabaniuk Serhii
Published: March 2021

Among the forms of mental pathology that are found in childhood, a special place is occupied by mental retardation, which makes a significant contribution to the rates of morbidity and disability. In order to establish the patterns of the clinical-phenomenological structure and age-specific course of the disease in adolescence with mild mental retardation, on the basis of the Kryvyi Rih neuropsychiatric dispensary, a two-stage clinical-epidemiological, clinical-psychopathological and psychodiagnostic study of 154 people born in 2003—2008 with mild mental disorders was carried out. According to the results of the study, it was found that the presence of mental retardation in most cases was diagnosed in the period of 7—10 years (29.8 % of cases), and in almost a third of all examined (29 %) this diagnosis was combined with concomitant psychiatric, neurological or somatic pathology, which just led to a deterioration in the general course of the disease. In 63 % cases there was a burdened family history, in 81 % — obstetric. In addition, a direct correlation (r = 0.498) was found between the level of development of social skills and the preservation of the intellectual level. Thus, it is possible to identify risk factors for the occurrence of mild mental retardation: male sex, family history (primarily addiction states), parents’ age over 30, their low educational level, pathological period of pregnancy and delayed psychomotor development in the first year of life. The level of social adaptation of patients depends on the depth of the intellectual deficit, long-term treatment and rehabilitation interventions, psycho-educational activities for parents and relatives, the organization of assistance in finding a job and medical support can increase the level of social adaptation of this contingent.
Social, psychological and clinical aspects of domestic violence (literature review)
Authors: Ogorenko Viktoriia , Hnenna Olha , Kokashynskyi Viktor
Published: March 2021

The article considered the social, psychological and clinical aspects of domestic violence. Analyzed the main types of violent behavior (economic, psychological, physical, sexual) and the components of the causes of cruel behavior in the family: aggressive behavior, violence, violent behavior. The results of sociological research are presented, the prevalence, causes, aims and types of this phenomenon in Ukraine and in the world are determined. The sociological and cultural concepts of the features of the spread of the phenomenon of violence in families are considered. The stages of the formation of violent behavior in families are analyzed. The features of neurotic disorders and their prevalence among people who have experienced domestic violence are considered.
Antimicrobial activity of ceftolozane-tazobactam against Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered during the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program in Spain (2016-2018)
Authors: Cantón Rafael , Loza Elena , Arcay Ricardo M. , Cercenado Emilia , Castillo Francisco Javier , Cisterna Ramón , Gálvez-Benítez Lidia , González Romo Fernando , Hernández-Cabezas Alicia , Rodríguez-Lozano Jesús , Suárez-Barrenechea Ana Isabel , Tubau Fe , Díaz-Regañón Jazmín , López-Mendoza Diego ,   Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
Published: March 2021

Objective. To analyse the susceptibility to ceftolozane-tazobactam and comparators in Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from intraabdominal (IAI), urinary (UTI), respiratory (RTI) and bloodstream infection (BSI) in the SMART (Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends) study. Methods. The susceptibility of 5,351 isolates collected in 11 Spanish hospitals (2016-2018) were analysed (EUCAST-2020 criteria) by broth microdilution and were phenotypically studied for the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). Ceftolozane-tazobactam and/or carbapenem resistant isolates were genetically characterized for ESBL and carbapenemases. Results. Escherichia coli was the most frequent pathogen (49.3% IAI, 54.9% UTI, 16.7% RTI and 50% BSI), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.9%, 19.1%, 13.1% and 15.4%, respectively). P. aeruginosa was isolated in 9.3%, 5.6%, 32% and 9%, respectively. The frequency of isolates with ESBLs (2016-2017) was: 30.5% K. pneumoniae, 8.6% E. coli, 2.3% Klebsiella oxytoca and 0.7% Proteus mirabilis. Ceftolozane-tazobactam was very active against non-ESBL-(99.3% susceptible) and ESBL-(95.2%) producing E. coli being less active against K. pneumoniae (98% and 43.1%, respectively) isolates. CTX-M-15 was the most prevalent ESBL in E. coli (27.5%) and K. pneumoniae (51.9%) frequently associated with OXA-48-like carbapenemase. Overall, 93% of P. aeruginosa isolates were susceptible to ceftolozane-tazobactam, preserving this activity (>75%) in isolates resistant to other beta-lactams except in those resistant to meropenen or ceftazidime-avibactam. GES-5, PER-1, VIM-1/2 were the most prevalent enzymes in isolates resistant to ceftolozane-tazobactam. Conclusions. Ceftolozane-tazobactam showed high activity rates against isolates recovered in the SMART study although it was affected in K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa isolates with ESBL and/or carbapenemases.
Discourse, Figure, d’après Lyotard.
Authors: Geiger Noni
Published: March 2021

The presence of the written element in cinema goes back to the early silent movies era, to express meanings that were not enough comprehensible just through images. The use of text charts as means to support and to implement narrative almost invariable consisted of black cards with centered white type (rarely the opposite, i.e., black type on white boards), occasionally utilizing graphic features as ornaments.These letterings inserted between scenes, either before or after to which they referred, sometimes had a deranged narrative effect because of interrupting the action flow. But words, when added to the cinematographic image, can indeed communicate certain abstract concepts such as date time lapse, local; evince characters speeches; describe some action not performed in the movie.This paper aims to investigate the change of status of the written element as an accessory apparatus to a central and structural element of the movie, specifically in the experimental and avant-garde cinema, considering Marcel Duchamp’s Anémic Cinéma (1926) its inaugural example.The incorporation of textual elements can be understood within the very process of the visual arts in the first decades of the twentieth century since Braque’s Gueridon (1913) and Picasso’s Bottle of Vieux Marc, Glass, Guitar and Newspaper (1913) through the Cubist and the Dada conceptual and formal strategies.The Conceptual art of the sixties and seventies permeates expressions of film experimentalism that will be analyzed for its use of text condition, where Michael Snow’s So this is, already in early 80ies (1982) is to be highlighted.
Woman the Natural Nurturer: An Ecofeminist Study of Niki Caro’s The Whale Rider.
Authors: Majeed Sumaira , Lashari Noor Ul Ain
Published: March 2021

This paper deliberates upon the impact of gender stereotypes in the Maori community proposing the role of women as the preserver of environment, enlightening the concept of ecofeminism. The research aims to explore The Whale Rider by Niki Caro analyzing the concept of gender valorization and the relationship between humans and the environment. The objective of the research is to highlight the concept of male dominance and draw parallels between the oppression of nature and the clampdown of women. The film displays the life of a coastal village in New Zealand, who trace their lineage back to the first Whale Rider through male descendants. Koro, the aging leader of the tribe, tries to ensure his line of succession, but when his first great-grandchild is female, he feels he must search the community for a new heir since in his mind women cannot be tribal leaders. Caro’s work has been analyzed in the concept of gender stereotype juxtaposing the concept of females as the natural nurturers. The camera angles of the protagonist demonstrate the natural struggle of a woman in a patriarchal setup.
A imagem da memória da escravidão como pano de fundo no documentário “A Última Abolição”.
Authors: Grehs Ivana Denise
Published: March 2021

The image of the memory of slavery as a background in the documentary “A Última Abolição”.In the universe of important historical reviews on slavery, the documentary “A Última Abolição” appears as a lesson of lucidity and as a denunciation of the practices of extermination of young black people nowadays. Constituted with sure and affectionate voices of mostly black historians, the film narrative is interspersed with archival images edited with provocative and didactic graphic interventions. Those images come from an iconographic and historiographic block, produced in the past by white artists and photographers from a perspective of power. In this study, we aim to reflect on the videographic choices that follow this and others documentary productions about racism and false racial democracy.
Le rôle des médias culturels subalternes chez les peuples indigènes du monde sinophone : analyse sémantique, enjeux et traductions
Authors: Kin Man Cheong
Published: March 2021

The paper aims to discuss the role that visual anthropology and subaltern cultural medias play among the considered indigenous peoples in the Chinese speaking world, and particularly in the four cross-Strait territories of China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao. This paper suggests a semantic and historic analysis of the terms of indigenous, while retracing the arrival of these western concepts in Greater China as well as the manipulations and translations along history which are subjects of the present research. The western discipline of visual anthropology, together with cultural medias find their equivalences in these Chinese speaking territories, and are used for multiple purposes, which are not always clear. An analysis of their presence and use in these four territories by their respective administrations or by the indigenous themselves may allow us also to have a more precise understanding of the ties that each of these governments maintains with its constitutionally and potentially indigenous peoples. Finally, it will be stressed the fact that the reappropriated western labeling of the indigenous may not necessarily work in the specific theoretical context of the Chinese speaking world while attention should be paid to potentially subaltern groups in individual cases.
O filme publicitário e as audiovisualidades da diversidade e da inclusão nas estratégias de comunicação organizacional
Authors: Martinuzzo José Antonio , Zanotti Rosane Vasconcelos
Published: March 2021

Advertising narratives constitute a decisive discursive set to the functioning of contemporary sociability, founded on consumerism and dynamized by mediatized audiovisual experiences. In this context, in the field of communication of organizations, it is clear that marketing advertising discourse, which historically is not linked to social and political-cultural causes, has been investing in inclusive campaigns, anchored in the diversity agenda. Advertising films are a recurring resource in these initiatives, dialoguing with the expressive audiovisuality in contemporary times. It may seem unusual to link commercial advertising to sociopolitical causes, just as the discursive mismatch between the market and the growing planetary movement of conservatism and disruptions in liberal democracy in the political-institutional realm can be suggested. With a theoretical-conceptual review and case study of two advertising films made by the company Mercado Livre, one of the giants of online commerce in Brazil and present in 18 countries, on the occasion of the International LGBTI Pride Day (28/06), we present a critical reflection on the strategies and motivations of advertising campaigns focused on narratives of diversity and inclusion, precisely in a political-institutional environment increasingly inhospitable to human and civil rights of minorities and marginalized populations.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK PAIR SHARE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS SISWA MTs NEGERI BINJAI
Authors: Nur Khairani Dra. Hj.
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses penerapan model pembelajaran think pair share untuk  meningkatkan aktivitas siswa MTs Negeri Binjai dan mendeskripsikan hasil belajar bahasa inggris siswa sebelum dan sesudah penerapan model pembelajaran think pair share siswa MTs Negeri Binjai. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 2 (dua) siklus, yang terdiri dari 4 langkah yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Tiap siklus terdiri dari 2 pertemuan, dengan indikator yang hendak dicapai yaitu kemampuan belajar siswa meningkat setelah dilakukannya sebuah tindakan. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, maka pada prosedur penelitian ini disajikan kegiatan pra tindakan dan kegiatan pelaksanaan tindakan. Kegiatan pelaksanaan tindakan memuat : Perencanaan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, tahapan pengamatan, tahap refleksi. Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada tes siklus I sebesar 71,75, sedangkan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada tes siklus II adalah 88, dan terjadi peningkatan sebesar 16,25. Begitupun juga dengan ketuntasan belajar siswa yang mengalami peningkatan hingga 42,5%, dengan rincian ketuntasan belajar siswa pada siklus I adalah 37,5% dan ketuntasan belajar siswa pada siklus II adalah 80%. disimpulkan bahwa dengan meningkatnya aktivitas peneliti dalam menerapkan penggunaan media gambar dari siklus I ke siklus II dan kegiatan aktivitas siswa dari siklus 1 ke siklus II maka menjadikan kemampuan kosa kata Bahasa Inggris siswa mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini menunjukkan penerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share dapat meningkatkan kemampuan Bahasa Inggris siswa kelas kelas VIl MTs Negeri Binjai.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS
Authors: Saputri Lilis
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa dengan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw di kelas VII MTs Miftahul Ula Pematang Cengal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu (quasi eksperimen) dengan desain Pretest-Posttest-control Group Desain. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji Regresi Sederhana. Hasil penelituan menunjukan bahwa pembelajaram matematika mengunakan Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw  berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika. Hal ini ditunjukan dari hasil pengujian bahwa bahwa Fhitung> Ftabel yaitu  4,277>4,171.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SNOWBALL THROWING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA PADA MATERI MATRIKS KELAS XI SMK NEGERI 1 STABAT TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Siregar Evi Ramadhani , - Mardiati
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh signifikan model pembelajaran Snowball Throwing terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 1 Stabat Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 1 Stabat Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Sedangkan dalam sampel ini terdiri dari 2 kelas. Kelas XI-1 sebagai kelas eksperimen berjumlah 32 orang siswa, pada kelas XI-2 sebagai kelas kontrol berjumlah 32 orang siswa. Kelas eksperimen pembelajaran dengan menggunakan pembelajaran Snowball Throwing dan pada kelas kontrol menggunakan pembelajaran langsung. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan pretest dan posttest, sebagai alat pengumpul data digunakan tes kemampuan komunikasi matematis yang terdiri dari 5 butir soal uraian. Uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah uji regresi linier sederhana. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis didapat Fhitung > Ftabel yaitu 4,37 > 4,16 pada uji keberatian, maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima sehingga arah koefisien berarti, uji kelinieritas apabila  Fhitung < Ftabel yaitu 0,577 < 4,16 maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima maka linier, diperoleh rhitung > rtabel yaitu 103,725 > 0,3494 maka (r ≠ 0) dengan taraf signifikan 5%. Sehingga dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran snowball throwing terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa pada materi matriks kelas XI SMK Negeri 1 Stabat tahun pelajaran 2019/2020.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBI) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIK SISWA
Authors: Wirevenska Ice , Mardiati Mardiati , Listiana Yeni
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Instruction (PBI) terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 3 Hinai. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu (quasi eksperimen). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak (random sampling). Sampel penelitian ini adalah 60 siswa yang terdiri atas 30 siswa kelas eksperimen  dan 30 siswa kelas kontrol. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa tes yang terdiri dari 3 soal uraian. Uji prasyarat yang digunakan adalah uji Liliefors untuk menguji normalitas data sedangkan uji Fisher untuk menguji homogenitas data. Berdasarkan hasil uji normalitas diperoleh bahwa kedua populasi homogen (sama). Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji regresi linier sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian nilai rata- rata kelas eksperimen 84,58 dan nilai rata- rata kelas kontrol 74,5. Terdapat pengaruh antara pembelajaraan menggunakan Problem Based Instruction (PBI) terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik siswa yang dapat dilihat dari hasil perhitungan uji regresi linier sederhana diperoleh rtabel = 0,361, sementara berdasarkan perhitungan yang telah dilakukan di peroleh  rhitung = 0,48 Dari perhitungan terlihat bahwa rhitung > rtabel ( 0,48 > 0,361). Dengan demikian hipotesis yang di ajukan di terima, yang artinya “terdapat pengaruh antara pembelajaraan menggunakan Problem Based Instruction (PBI) terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik siswa yang dapat dilihat dari hasil perhitungan.
Sharing the Mic in Domestic Violence Program Leadership: Expanding on Dr. Perlmutter's Call for Social Work Administration
Authors: Dichter Melissa E. , Newman Bernie , Nyachogo Marcella , Bledsoe Vashti
Published: March 2021

Domestic violence (DV) work in the United States emerged as a grassroots collectivist movement and grew into more formalized programming within nonprofit social service organizations. In this commentary, co-authored by DV program leaders along with DV scholars and social work educators, we apply and extend the work of Dr. Felice Perlmutter as we reflect on the role of professionalized social work in DV program leadership. Narratives of DV program leaders highlight models of anti-oppressive, feminist and empowerment-focused leadership emerging from diverse sources of experience and education. We promote an anti-oppressive stance of “sharing the mic” to include diversity of voices and ways of learning and leading. We assert that formal social work education and training provides valuable preparation, as do lived experiences, survivor voices, and community membership. A theory of effective leadership emerges that promotes mutual respect, empowerment and collective partnerships that benefit from the talents, skills and experience of all.
Phase complex model of ternary reciprocal system Na+,Sr2+||WO42-,MoO42-
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Burchakov Alexander V.
Published: March 2021

The paper presents the results of a theoretical study of the phase complex of a three-component reciprocal system consisting of sodium and strontium tungstates and molybdates. Previously, a literature review was conducted on data on phase equilibria in the condensed state of individual salts, binary faceting systems. In two Na2MoO4 – SrMoO4 and Na2WO4 – SrWO4 binary systems, a eutetic equilibrium is observed with the formation of solid phases corresponding to the system components, and in two other Na2MoO4 – Na2WO4 and SrMoO4 – SrWO4 binary systems, one phase of a continuous series of solid solutions crystallizes. Based on the mathematical model of the molar balance, one can uniquely determine the quantities of reaction products, the molecular formulas of solid solutions, and the equations of chemical reactions for an arbitrary mixture of system components. This model represents a set of algebraic equations by which the balance is calculated. To build a 3D computer model, the paper presents the equations for the conversion of coordinates from barycentric to Cartesian. The model is implemented in concentration-temperature coordinates using the KOMPAS-3D program using experimental data on the system. The model is built in two interpretations: based on data on the faceting elements and on the basis of all available data about the system. Comparison of the two models makes it possible to evaluate the predictive ability carried out using 3D modeling. From this comparison, it was found that using the 3D model it is possible to conduct a preliminary a priori forecast of phase equilibria in order to identify the structure of phase diagrams at the qualitative and quantitative levels. The projection of the crystallization polytherm onto the square of the compositions is represented by two fields of solid solutions – Na2MoxW1-xO4 and SrMoxW1-xO4. Isothermal and polythermal sections were constructed. The system implements di- and monovariant equilibria.
Evaluation of fungicidal, bactericidal and anti-tumor activities of lactones of medium and large sizes of cycles obtained from levoglucosenone
Authors:   Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Faizullina Lily Kh. , Khalilova Yulia A. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tagirov Artur R. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Galimova Yulia S. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Valeev Farid A. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ryabova Alyona S. ,   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Galimzyanova Naila F. ,   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2021

Medium and large lactones attract the attention of chemists by the uniqueness of their structure, versatile biological activity and limited availability. Among the secondary metabolites of this group, β-lactones are more common, then γ- and δ-lactones, classical and non-classical macrolides, polyene antibiotics, spiro-macrolides and macrolactones. On the basis of many lactones, important preparations of the most diverse pharmacological action have been obtained. Earlier, we proposed a 3-stage scheme for the synthesis of chiral lactones of medium and large size based on levoglucosenone. The lactones obtained according to this scheme contain the carbohydrate residue annelated at the ,γ -positions relative to the hydroxy group. To study the structure-activity relationship, it is necessary to establish the biological role of this carbohydrate residue in reference lactones. For this purpose, a number of lactones were obtained on the basis of levoglucosenone and their in vitro bioscreening of antifungal, antimicrobial, and antitumor activity was performed. It was found that the methyl substituent in the ω-position in the lactone and the benzene ring annulated with the lactone cycle exhibit a slight fungistatic activity towards the fungi: Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani. Macrocyclic lactone and lactone annelated benzene ring showed weak cytotoxic properties against cells of LOX IMVI (melanoma) and A498, UO-31 (kidney cancer).
Insulin-mimetic macromolecular poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone-based vanadium metallocomplexes. Part 2. Assessment of the hypoglycemic activity of the vanadium macromolecular metal complex
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Mukhina Veronika A. , Prikhodko Veronika A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Kirillova Nadezhda V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Anisimova Natalia A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Ivanov Alexey G. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2021

In a previous work, a method for the synthesis of a new metal-polymer complex of oxovanadium (IV) based on poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone was described, its structure was studied by spectral methods, and its composition was determined. Based on the data of electronic and vibrational spectroscopy, it was shown that the complex is formed due to the interaction of the metal with nitrogen and oxygen atoms of the polymer lactam ring, it should be noted that this type of interaction can occur both by intramolecular or intermolecular coordination. Using the Prozorovsky’s express method for estimation of acute oral toxicity the median value of LD50 of the synthesized complex was determined and it amounted to 1350 ± 160 mg/kg. The obtained LD50 value allow to attribute this metal-polymer complex to the class of low-toxic substances, which opens up some prospects for its further research on insulinomimetic activity. The aim of this work is to investigate the hypoglycemic activity of new polymer derivatives of vanadyl (VO2+) based on poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and to explore the possibility of using these compounds or compositions based on them for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. The work describes a method for creating an experimental model of type 2 diabetes mellitus in animals, combining the use of a high-fat diet and streptozotocin as a diabetogenic agent. The results of evaluating the effect of the studied metal-polymer complexes on such indicators of carbohydrate metabolism of laboratory animals as changes in blood glucose and urine, change daily diuresis of animals during treatment. The results of evaluating the effect of the metal-polymer complexes on such indicators of carbohydrate metabolism in laboratory animals as a change in blood and urine glucose, a change in the daily diuresis of animals during and after treatment are presented. The investigation of the effect of the obtained vanadium compounds on carbohydrate indices was carried out using metformin as a comparison drug. It was found that the new metal-polymer complexes of vanadium have hypoglycemic activity, normalizing the blood glucose level of laboratory animals with high-fat diet/ streptozotocin induced diabetes.
Thermodynamic modeling of reduction of metals from B2O3-CaO-Ni(Zn,Pb,Cu)O melts carbon monoxide
Authors:   Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch, RAS, Vusikhis Alexander S. , Selivanov Evgeny N. ,   Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch, RAS, Tyushnyakov Stanislav N. ,   Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch, RAS, Chentsov Victor P. ,   Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch, RAS
Published: March 2021

Thermodynamic modeling technique is used to describe the metal reduction from oxide melt by carbon monoxide. The B2O3-CaO-MeO (Me – Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu) system, was used with periodic output of the metal phase and gases from the working body. The approach originality is that the equilibrium is determined for each single portion of the gas injected into the working body, and the metal oxides content being reduced in each calculation cycle is taken from the previous data. This approach gives qualitative possibility to make simulated processes closer to real ones. The proposed method calculations allow determining, such parameters as the oxide melt and metal phase compositions, degree of elements reduction, oxide and metal phases mass ratio, equilibrium composition of the gas, reducing ability of gas utilization degree, and others, depending on the introduced gas quantities. Reducing process modeling of Nickel, Copper, Lead and Zinc from B2O3-CaO-MeO melts gives opportunity to determine the process for each metal. Copper reducing from CuO, goes with intermediate oxide (CuO → Cu2O → Cu) formation. Reduction of Nickel (NiO → Ni), Lead (PbO → Pbs + Pbg) and Zinc (ZnO → Zng) proceeds in one stage. The temperature dependence of the non-ferrous metals content in the oxide melt, its reduction degree and reducing agent quantity introduced are described by the second-order polynomial equations. The information obtained may be useful for thermo-extraction processes prognosis during the Nickel, Copper, Lead, and Zinc extraction from non-ferrous metallurgy slag in bubbling process of oxide melt by reducing gases.
Chemical bath synthesis of metal chalcogenide films. Part 41. Hydrochemical deposition of thin films of cadmium selenide by sodium selenosulfate
Authors:   Ural Federal University Named After the First  President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Pozdin Andrey V. , Smirnova Daria D. ,   Ural Federal University Named After the First  President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Maskaeva Larisa N. ,   Ural Federal University Named After the First  President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Rusinov Gennady L. ,   Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Markov Vyacheslav F. ,   Ural State Fire Service Institute of Emergency Ministry  of Russia
Published: March 2021

The group II-VI semiconductor materials including Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) thin films are widely used in many fields of science and technology, in particular in optoelectronics, nanoelectronics and solar energy. Chemical bath deposition (CBD) represents the simplest and the most available technique for deposition of semiconducting layers. CBD is characterized by deletion of toxic gaseous precursors, operation at low temperature and using of inexpensive equipment. The ionic equilibriums in reaction mixture «CdCl2 – L − Na2SeSO3» (L− NH4OH or Na3C6H5¬O7 or mixture of NH4OH and Na3C6H5¬O7 ) were calculated in present work. The prevailing cadmium complex compounds were determined in appropriate for CBD of cadmium selenide films pH range. The main complex compounds inhibiting fast formation of cadmium selenide are Cd(OH)Cit^(2-) complex (in citrat- and ammonia-citrat mixtures) and 〖Cd(NH_3)〗_5^(2+) complex (in ammonia mixture). Also the boundary conditions of forming CdSe and Cd(OH)2 in reaction mixture were determined by thermodynamic calculation based on crystallization factor to estimate the formation conditions of main (CdSe) and impurity (Cd(OH)2) phases. The results of the calculations show that the solid phase of cadmium selenide is possible to form in pH range from 10 to 14. CdSe films were grown by chemical bath deposition on glass substrates at a temperature of 353 K. The thickness of films ranges from 100 to 220 nm. The grain size of films is about 30 nm which was determined by electron microscopic investigations. The elemental composition of cadmium selenide was defined by energy dispersive analysis; the ratio of cadmium and selenium is 1.03 : 1.16. The conductivity of n-type was determined by the sign of thermoelectromotive force.
Evaluation of cobalt in the cyanocobalamin solution using the method of inverse voltammetry with a rotating disk electrode
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Fokina Anna I. , Kulakov Vasily N. ,   Vyatka State University, Klekovkina Elena A. ,   Vyatka State University, Ashikhmina Tamara Ya. ,   Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Center, Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2021

Inverse voltammetry is a very perspective method due to its relative simplicity, cost effectiveness, and sensibility. Universality of this method allows scientists to find new objectives, both organic and inorganic nature, for the use of the method. Some results of the improvement and adaptation of the standardized methodology for cobalt identification with a rotating disk electrode implemented on the analyzer «Ecotest-VA» with the «ЕМ-04» module for the identification of the mass concentration of this metal in the medication «Cyanocobalamin» is presented in this article. The arrival of an analytical signal in the form of peaks on a voltamperogram during the quantitative determination of cobalt results from the adsorptive concentration of cobalt-dimethylglyoxime complexes on the surface of the working cathode. Cathode current registered when Еmax = (-1.1)–(-1.2) V is compliant with catalytic current of electrochemical reduction of hydrogen from adsorbed cobalt dimethylglyoxime and is an analytical signal of a measured ion, in the present case – of cobalt. Peak height (area) is proportional to the metal-ion concentration in the solution. It is necessary to carry out the sample preparation of the medication and a solution for additive components for the implementation of the analysis method when determining the mass concentration of the metal in the cyanocobalamin solution. The cyanocobalamin solution with the addition of hydrogen peroxide is maintained in a photolysis camera for the transportation of cobalt into the solution as a Со3+. The solution for additive components is boiled with hydrogen peroxide to convert Со2+ into Со3+. Using the developed method, the evaluation of cobalt in the medication «Cyanocobalamin» (0.5 mg/сm3) was conducted. Validation of the results obtained was carried out with the use of the technique «entered-identified».