bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diseminasi dan Adopsi Inovasi Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan (Studi Kasus: Kegiatan Iptekmas BBRP2BKP di Yogyakarta)
Authors: Yuliaty Christina , Arthatiani Freshty Yulia , Nasution Zahri
Published: July 2017

Diseminasi inovasi Teknologi pengolahan hasil perikanan merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang tertuang dalam bentuk Iptekmas di lingkup Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan (Litbang) Kelautan dan Perikanan. Makalah ini bertujuan memaparkan hasil evaluasi diseminasidan adopsi inovasi teknologi pengolahan tersebut di wilayah Yogayakarta. Kegiatan Iptekmas ini dilakukan oleh Balai Besar Riset pengolahan Produk dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan (BBRP2BKP) pada tahun 2009 dan dievaluasi hasilnya pada tahun 2010. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif terkait dengan kriteria tepat guna bagi suatu inovasi teknologi. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan pengolah hasil perikanan yang menerima inovasi teknologi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan deskripsi kualitatif. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa inovasi teknologi pengolahan hasil perikanan yang didiseminasikan pada tahun 2009 telah diadopsi oleh penerima teknologi sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Teknologi tersebut berupa inovasi peralatan dan metode pengolahan. Inovasi teknologi yang diadopsi dapat secara mudah diadopsi dan secara ekonomi telah menguntungkan serta meningkatkan pendapatan penerima teknologi. Di sisi lain diperlukan adanya difusi inovasi teknologi serupa kepada pengolah lainnya sehingga mereka mendapatkan manfaat yang sama.
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM PRESTADA POR ALUNOS AO CLIENTE PARTICULAR — RELATO DE UMA EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Matos Selme Silqueira de
Published: July 2017

Neste trabalho a autora relata a sua experiência junto aos alunos de 5º período, da disciplina Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica I, do curso de Enfermagem e Obstetricia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Nesta experiência procurou inserir o aluno na assistência ao paciente particular, em uma clinica médico-cirúrgica. O estudo constou de opiniões levantadas junto aos discentes sobre a importância da sua aprendizagem junto a esta clientela.
Characterization of trees, fruits and genetic diversity in natural populations of mangaba
Authors: Silva Ana Veruska Cruz da , Amorim Julie Anne Espíndola , Vitória Marina Ferreira da , Ledo Ana da Silva , Rabbani Allivia Rouse Carregosa
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT The state of Sergipe is the largest mangaba producer, which is a fruit native to Brazil, and has cultural, social and economic importance in its area of occurrence. It is an endangered species due to human actions, and despite its economic potential, there are still no commercial plantations. The study was carried out in order to characterize trees, fruits and the genetic diversity of natural populations of mangaba in Sergipe, Brazil. Fruits from Abaís Beach/Estância (AB) presented, on average, twice the vitamin C content (414.81 mg of vit. C/100g), when compared with the others. The use of ISSR primers was efficient in estimating the genetic similarity of populations. The primers clustered the populations of mangaba according to their origin, which indicates the genetic diversity of mangaba and their isolation. The results can be used to guide the selection of individuals in situ and ex situ conservation actions of these genetic resources.
Produção de espelhos parabólicos e construção do conceito de função polinomial de 2ograu
Authors: Rodrigues Marco Aurélio Torres , Mackedanz Luiz Fernando
Published: July 2017

Um dos maiores obstáculos para aprender Física no Ensino Médio é, segundo o relato dos professores, sua abordagem matemática. Neste trabalho propomos uma atividade que integra conteúdos de física e matemática, de forma a tornar a função quadrática significativa para os estudantes. Relatamos as atividades planejadas e aplicadas em sala de aula, com alunos do 1° ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública situada no interior do RS. As atividades referiam-se a produção de espelhos parabólicos em dois modelos diferentes, e na sequência a construção do conceito de função polinomial de 2o grau (a chamada função quadrática). Foram utilizados tanto o espaço da sala de aula como o espaço da casa dos estudantes, permitindo vivenciar a aprendizagem durante o tempo que a atividade durou. Trabalhamos com a metodologia construtivista. Concluímos que tal classe de atividades, denominadas hands-on, realmente conseguem trazer significância para os conceitos normalmente abordados de forma abstrata nos livros didáticos.
Prevalence of fear of falling, in a sample of elderly adults in the community
Authors: Cruz Danielle Teles da , Duque Raphaela Ornellas , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves
Published: July 2017

Abstract Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of fear of falling among a sample of elderly persons in the community, and to analyze its correlation with age, self-perceived health, difficulty walking, use of an assistive device for walking, history of falls, and functional capacity. Method: A cross-sectional study of 314 non-institutionalized elderly individuals, living in the city of Juiz de Fora in the state of Minas Gerais) in 2015, was carried out. A household survey was conducted and fear of falling was assessed using the Falls Efficacy Scale - International - Brazil (FES-I-BRASIL). The Spearman correlation was used to verify the correlation of the independent variables with the fear of falling. The significance level for the study was 5%. Results: The prevalence of fear of falling among the elderly was 95.2% (95% CI= 92.3; 97.3). Fear of falling was significantly correlated with all the variables analyzed: age (r= 0.199), self-perceived health (r=0.299), difficulty walking (r= -0.480), use of an assistive device for walking (r=0.337), history of falls (r= -0.177), and functional capacity (r = -0.476) . Conclusions: A high prevalence of fear of falling was observed, with a significant correlation between the outcome and the variables studied. These findings point to the need for rehabilitation, prevention, and health promotion strategies that enable healthy aging.
Approach to the most prevalent oral disorders among the elderly: an integrative review focusing on primary health care
Authors: Silva Helena Pereira Rodrigues da , Koppe Bárbara , Brew Myrian Câmara , Sória Giordano Santana , Bavaresco Caren Serra
Published: July 2017

Abstract Objective: an integrative review of the treatment of oral candidiasis, root caries and xerostomia among the elderly population, focusing on Primary Health Care, was carried out. Method: scientific articles were collected from the MEDLINE/PUBMED database using the keywords "Geriatric dentistry" and "Oral health", crossed with corresponding descriptors, together with specific terms for the pathologies studied, and with “the clinical trial” filter activated. The abstracts of the articles were read by three researchers. Result: oral candidiasis: six randomized clinical trials and one quasi-experimental design study, on the treatment of prosthetic stomatitis by medication and/or the disinfection of dentures by different techniques, were identified; root caries: three randomized clinical trials were included, which tested the use of mouthwash with chlorhexidine solution and oral hygiene instruction associated or otherwise with other drugs; and xerostomia: two articles were analyzed using various medications, and the functional massage of the salivary glands and associated muscles. Conclusion: The results demonstrate a variety of treatment options for the studied clinical situations, although these should be adapted to the characteristics of the services and the population, as standard treatment in Primary Health Care has not been established. Strategies based on soft technologies, such as health education, seem to provide good results. The present study provides additional knowledge for health professionals in search of more resolutive and qualified dental care for the elderly in primary health care.
"DUAS NOTAS" E "PREFÁCIO DE UM LIVRO"
Authors: CANDIDO ANTONIO
Published: July 2017

Resumo No primeiro ensaio, evocando sobretudo Quincas Borba e Esaú e Jacó , Antonio Candido analisa Machado de Assis como um criador de situações que "mortificam" todos os homens, aos quais restam apenas um nivelamento de valores e desencanto. Percebe o escritor como um dos "negadores mais completos", lúcido ante uma desarmonia fatal, metafísica, e não social. No segundo ensaio, apreendendo com Plínio Barreto o sentido do "decoro" machadiano, Candido observa que a elegância estilística e o "respeito de si mesmo" de Machado de Assis pressupõem tensões individuais e sociais. Ao defender a crítica não dogmática, que combina impressionismo e erudição no trabalho de análise e se move por um olhar inconformista contra injustiças sociais, Antonio Candido constituiu a melhor tradição crítica brasileira.
ENTRE O PRIVADO E O PÚBLICO: ALUÍSIO AZEVEDO E AS CARTAS DE GIOVANI
Authors: ZILBERMAN REGINA
Published: July 2017

Resumo Em junho de 1882, Aluísio Azevedo publica, na Gazetinha, duas cartas dirigidas a Giovani, pseudônimo de um leitor (talvez Machado de Assis) que criticara Memórias de um condenado, folhetim impresso por aquele jornal. A Gazetinha não disponibiliza as cartas originais, e o nome de seu autor permanece sem identificação, sugerindo a aspiração de Giovani à privacidade. Aluísio, contudo, ignora a sugestão, discutindo as ideias de Giovani com o fito de justificar a situação dos escritores brasileiros que, como ele, se dividem entre a criação de obras inovadoras e sintonizadas com o presente, e a aceitação das imposições do mercado, que favorece o consumo de literatura de massa.
O NACIONAL COSMOPOLITISMO DE MACHADO DE ASSIS
Authors: ALBUQUERQUE JOÃO
Published: July 2017

Resumo Levando a cabo uma releitura do artigo de Machado de Assis "Notícia da atual literatura brasileira. Instinto de nacionalidade" engajada nas noções de literatura nacional e mundo literário, discutiremos os respectivos regimes de funcionamento e determinações mútuas desses conceitos na óptica e no contexto histórico do autor. Veremos que na sua percepção do mundo literário do seu tempo estão incluídas as dificuldades ligadas à posição (periférica) da literatura brasileira e às questões específicas que tem para resolver nesse espaço, nomeadamente a necessidade de afirmação nele de um laço constitutivo entre a sua língua (em rigor, certos linguajares específicos da língua) e um capital literário de determinada região geográfica que ainda é pobre e carece de corporização.
ALTERNATIVE PROTAGONISM AND NARRATIVE DISRUPTION IN BRÁS CUBAS: A RECONSIDERATION OF ROBERTO SCHWARZ'S VOLUBLE NARRATOR
Authors: WOLFSON NATHANIEL
Published: July 2017

Abstract This article examines the question of narrative form in Brás Cubas by considering the alternative protagonism of intermediary chapters, the majority of them errata and reflexive commentary on the book's composition. It examines the manner in which Roberto Schwarz, in his A Master on the Periphery of Capitalism, lowers the aesthetic value of these sections while constituting them as formally necessary for his notion of the voluble narrator. Ultimately, this article argues that these in-between sections are less formally constitutive of the novel's mimetic intention than they are demonstrative of a little-known side of Brás Cubas, in which he reflects nervously, and at times philosophically, on the question of time.
OSCILAÇÕES DO NARRADOR EM "O ALIENISTA", DE MACHADO DE ASSIS
Authors: PIRES CARLOS
Published: July 2017

Resumo O artigo busca fazer uma leitura da novela "O alienista", do livro Papéis avulsos (1882) de Machado de Assis, atenta às relações entre o narrador e a matéria que ele escolhe narrar, com o intuito de buscar compreender diferentes perspectivas que ele assume ao longo do texto. Essa oscilação do narrador, ou a maneira como Machado de Assis a constituiu nessa novela, é bastante reveladora de como o autor precisou reconsiderar sua concepção sobre literatura e sobre o processo social do país nesse livro de contos inaugural da sua maturidade literária.
Morpho-agronomic characterization and estimates of genetic parameters in annatto plant
Authors: Dias Nilma O , Rebouças Tiyoko NH , São José Abel R , Amaral Cláudio LF
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Originally from tropical America, annatto is an important source of natural dyes for food, pharmaceutical and textile industries, especially for the increasing demand of this pigment substituting artificial dyes. The aim of this study was to evaluate genotypic variation of annatto cultivar Embrapa 37, aiming to generate subsidies for breeding programs as well as to help out the producers using vegetative propagation of superior genotypes. Therefore, the morphological characterization was carried out and estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters, for production and quality of the fruits, were obtained. The results showed wide rate of genetic variability among the plants with low environmental influence on the phenotype for traits bixin content, fruit width, number of fruits per bunch and mass of 100 seeds. The authors concluded that superior genotypes can be selected through the parental performance and propagated vegetatively to form more profitable crops, as well as used in breeding programs through self-fertilization with analysis of resulting progeny.
Towards a more symmetrical approach to the zone of proximal development in teacher education
Authors: KADRI MICHELE SALLES EL , ROTH WOLFF-MICHAEL , GIL ALFREDO JORNET , MATEUS ELAINE
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT This article focuses on relations between a new teacher and a teacher educator. It draws on the zone of proximal development (ZPD) studies, and the data is analyzed through conversation analysis. Ordinarily, the ZPD is used to theorize the learning that occurs in such a relation in asymmetrical terms. Our case study shows, however, that learning occurs for both participants in the relation, and that the very question of who becomes “the more competent peer” arises from the relation that constitutes a ZPD. Therefore, there are dialectical inversions, whereby the actual roles of teacher and learner no longer coincide with the institutionally designated positions of particular individuals. This then requires an approach to the ZPD that allows for the changes in the relation such that who teaches and who learns is itself the result of the social relation.
Ensino, pesquisa e extensão na Universidade Federal de Viçosa: origem e trajetória institucional (1926-1988)
Authors: CASTRO MARIA GONTIJO , ALVES DANIELA ALVES DE
Published: July 2017

RESUMO Neste artigo, a trilogia ensino, pesquisa e extensão constitui o foco para o qual se direciona uma análise histórica, procurando situar sua gênese, enquanto prática institucional, no contexto particular da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) e em contraposição ao significado construído, no contexto nacional, como princípio que baliza atualmente o padrão de qualidade da universidade brasileira. A abordagem histórica feita nesse duplo viés analítico possibilitou identificar a distinção entre o sentido funcionalizado que orientou a trilogia que marca o projeto institucional de origem da UFV inspirado no modelo dos land grant colleges e o sentido social e político que a trilogia vem a significar para as universidades brasileiras a partir de sua afirmação como princípio constitucional desde de 1988.
A Escola Superior de Guerra e a formação de intelectuais no campo da educação superior no Brasil (1964-1988)
Authors: MANSAN JAIME VALIM
Published: July 2017

RESUMO Durante a ditadura militar no Brasil, assim como em outros regimes políticos, as disputas no plano do simbólico tiveram crucial importância. Entre as ações de controle social praticadas após 1964, foi decisiva a difusão de ideias por meio da formação de intelectuais. Cursos foram dados pela Escola Superior de Guerra (ESG) com centralidade e constância para agentes do campo da educação superior, entre outros segmentos estratégicos. Interessa refletir sobre os fundamentos de iniciativas adotadas pela Escola com o objetivo de influenciar intelectualmente o campo, tendo em vista sua importância no “combate à subversão”. O método adotado seguiu as considerações de Rüsen propostas em sua clássica trilogia. Entre os principais resultados, identificou-se que a escola ocupou lugar central como canal de formação intelectual no período. Influenciou centenas de professores e, assim, contribuiu decisivamente para o controle da educação superior e para os intentos de militarização almejados pelo regime.
Fermentation profile and nutritional value of sunflower silage with Urochloa brizantha cultivars in the off-season
Authors: Cruvinel Welma Santos , COSTA Kátia Aparecida de Pinho , TEIXEIRA Daniel Augusto Alves , DA SILVA Jessika Torres , EPIFANIO Patrícia Soares , COSTA Pedro Henrique Campos Pinho , FERNANDES Patrick Bezerra
Published: July 2017

SUMMARY Sunflower as silage is an alternative to be used in the off-season, when water shortage makes traditional crops unfeasible. However, exclusive sunflower silages have levels above 70 g/kg DM ether extract, which may impair ruminal fermentation. Thus, ensiling sunflower with tropical forages can bring benefits to the quality of the silage. This study evaluated the fermentation profile and nutritional value of sunflower silage with cultivars of Urochloa brizantha in the off-season. This was a completely randomized experimental design with four replications. The treatments were composed of the sunflower silage with and without addition of cultivars of Urochloa brizantha in the ensiling process: sunflower silage; sunflower silage + 30% Marandu palisadegrass; sunflower silage + 30% Xaraes palisadegrass; sunflower silage + 30% Piata palisadegrass and sunflower silage + 30% Paiaguas palisadegrass, totaling 20 experimental silos. The addition of the cultivars of Urochloa brizantha to sunflower silage contributed to improve the fermentation profile and nutritional value of the silages. Silages with 30% Piata and Paiaguas palisadegrass showed higher levels of CP and lower levels of ADF and lignin, and these cultivars are the most recommended for ensiling with sunflower.
Desempenho e características de carcaça de cordeiros Santa Inês e suas cruzas com Dorper terminados em confinamento
Authors: CARTAXO Felipe Queiroga , SOUSA Wandrick Hauss de , CEZAR Marcílio Fontes , CUNHA Maria das Graças Gomes , MENEZES Lenice Mendonça de , RAMOS João Paulo de Farias , GOMES Josimar Torres , VIANA Jefferson Alves
Published: July 2017

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho e características de cordeiros Santa Inês e suas cruzas desmamados aos 75 dias de vida e terminados em confinamento. Foram utilizados 30 cordeiros não castrados, 10 Santa Inês, 10 ½Dorper × ½Santa Inês e 10 ¾Dorper × ¼Santa Inês, com idade e peso vivo médio no início do experimento de 82 dias e 19,40 kg, respectivamente. Foi utilizada dieta única contendo 169,0 g/kg de proteína bruta e 2,80 Mcal/kg MS. Não houve efeito do genótipo sobre o desempenho dos cordeiros, exceto para escore corporal final, em que os mestiços Dorper alcançaram os maiores escores. As carcaças dos cordeiros ½Dorper × ½Santa Inês e ¾Dorper × ¼Santa Inês apresentaram maior largura da garupa, área de olho de lombo e percentual de lombo do que as carcaças dos cordeiros Santa Inês. As carcaças dos cordeiros ¾Dorper × ¼Santa Inês alcançaram maior largura do tórax e do anterior quando comparadas com as carcaças dos cordeiros Santa Inês, tendo obtido também melhor conformação e acabamento de carcaça quando comparadas com as carcaças dos demais genótipos. Entretanto, as carcaças dos cordeiros Santa Inês e ½Dorper × ½Santa Inês apresentaram maior percentual de pescoço em relação às carcaças dos cordeiros ¾Dorper × ¼Santa Inês.
Parasitic survey on introduced monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) in Santiago, Chile
Authors: Briceño Cristóbal , Surot Dominique , González-Acuña Daniel , Martínez Francisco Javier , Fredes Fernando
Published: July 2017

Abstract Central Chile has been identified as a unique ecosystem with high conservation priority because of its high levels of endemism and intensive anthropic pressure. Over a period of almost four decades, the monk parakeet has been successful in establishing and dispersing in urban Santiago, although little is known about its potential impact. Furthermore, nothing is known about its epidemiological risks towards animals or even humans. For this reason, we conducted the first parasitic survey of monk parakeets in Chile through capture, necropsy and thorough external and internal inspection of 92 adult individuals. Among these, 45.7% presented lice that were identified as Paragoniocotes fulvofasciatum, 1.1% had mesostigmatid acari and 8.9% had free-ranging acari. Among 89 parakeets, 19.1% had structures identified as Cryptosporidium sp. This study provides the first description of Cryptosporidium sp. in monk parakeets. Along with the presence of a mesostigmatid acarus in one parakeet, this serves as a public health warning, given that both of these parasites have zoonotic potential.
Ectoparasites community in Satanoperca jurupari (Cichlidae) from the Jari River, a tributary from Amazon River in Northern Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Marcos Sidney Brito de , Gonçalves Raissa Alves , Neves Lígia Rigor , Ferreira Drielly Oliveira , Tavares-Dias Marcos
Published: July 2017

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the gills parasites in Satanoperca jurupari from the Jari River, state of Amapá, in eastern Amazon (Brazil). The gills of 100% of the hosts were parasitized by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Protozoa), Sciadicleithrum juruparii (Monogenoidea) Genarchella genarchella, Posthodiplostomum sp. (Digenea) Ergasilus coatiarus and Argulus multicolor (Crustacea), and a total of 27,043 parasites were collected. However, the dominance was of I. multifiliis and there was aggregated dispersion of parasites with greater discrepancy for S. juruparii and A. multicolor. Low species richness of parasites (3.1 ± 1.1), low Brillouin diversity index (0.27 ± 0.23), low evenness (0.16 ± 0.13) and high dominance of Berger-Parker (0.88 ± 0.15) were found. The community of parasites in S. jurupari was characterized by low species richness, low diversity and low evenness, with high prevalence and low abundance. The size of host did not have any influence on the parasites community, but the host behavior and availability of infective stages of the parasites were factors structuring the community of ectoparasites found here.
Why Programming by Demonstration Systems Fail: Lessons Learned for Usable AI
Authors: Lau Tessa
Published: July 2017

Programming by demonstration systems have long attempted to make it possible for people to program computers without writing code. However, while these systems have resulted in many publications in AI venues, none of the technologies have yet achieved widespread adoption. Usability remains a critical barrier to their success. On the basis of lessons learned from three different programming by demonstration systems, we present a set of guidelines to consider when designing usable AI‐based systems.
Enhanced Telemetry Monitoring with Novelty Detection
Authors: Heras José Martínez , Donati Alessandro
Published: July 2017

Typically, automatic telemetry monitoring in space operations is performed by out‐of‐limits (OOL) alarms. This approach consists of defining an upper and lower threshold so that when a measurement goes above the upper limit or below the lower one, an alarm is triggered. We discuss the limitations of the out‐of‐limits approach and propose a new monitoring paradigm based on novelty detection. The proposed monitoring approach can detect novel behaviors, which are often signatures of anomalies, very early — allowing engineers in some cases to react before the anomaly develops. A prototype implementing this monitoring approach has been implemented and applied to several ESA missions. The operational assessment from the XMM‐Newton operations team is presented.
Accountability in Extraterritoriality, a Comparative and International Law Perspective
Authors: Klaasen Abraham
Published: July 2017

This contribution provides a short overview of the book by Danielle Ireland-Piper on accountability in extraterritoriality in a comparative and international law context.
The state of the local immune status, the content of neopterin and cortisol in different variants of preterm labor
Authors: Katkova Nadezhda Yu. , Bodrikova Olga I. , Sergeeva Anzhelika V. , Andosova Larisa D. , Shahova Ksenia A. , Bezrukova Irina M. , Pokusaeva Kseniya B. , Ryzhova Nadezhda K.
Published: July 2017

Premature labour (PL) is one of the most actual and unsolved problem of obstetrics. There are many data in the li terature about the role of the disturbed ratio of pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines, neopterin in the implementation of PL. Many authors support the theory of the predominant fetus factor in the initiation of PL.

The goal of our research is studying of the characteristics of the local immune status, neopterin and cortisol levels in various variants of preterm labour.

Materials and methods. 77 patients were divided into 2 groups. The main group (52 pregnant women with PL) was also divided into 2 subgroups: the first (1A) subgroup consisted of 28 pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) without regular labour contractions. Another subgroup (1B) was presented by 24 women with labour activity and unruptured amniotic sac (true PL). In the control group we included 25 women with term labour. The level of the expression of mRNA genes of a congenital immunity in a cervical canal by the test-system ImmunoQuantex (IL1B, IL10, IL18, TNF2, TLR4, GATA3, CD68, B2M), as well as serum levels of neopterin and cortisol. The results were analyzed by standard statistical methods.

Results. There were no significant difference in the expression levels of most of the genes of innate immunity between the study groups (p > 0.05). The investigation of expression of TLR4, GATA3 genes in different types of PL revealed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in patients with PROM (1A subgroup). In addition in the 1A subgroup the inflammation index was higher (Me = 99,5%, p < 0.01). There were no fundamental difference in the state of the local immune status between groups of true preterm and term labour. Analysis of neopterin content among the subjects showed a significant increase in the main group (PL) compared with the control group (p = 0.0064). The comparison of the neopterin level between different variants of PL had a higher index (p < 0.025). The concentration of cortisol in the study groups had no principle difference from the main (PL) group and control group (p > 0.05). The maximum cortisol level was found in the subgroup 1B (true PL), which is significantly higher than in the subgroup 1A (with PROM) and in the control group (p < 0.01).

Conclusion. The difference in the state of local immune status in different variants of premature labour demonstrates different mechanisms of initiation of preterm labour. It is likely that the ratio of TLR4/GATA3 and index of inflammation determins the onset of preterm labour. The level of neopterin can be used as a marker of the onset of PL. The increase of cortisol determines the role of the fetus factor in the onset of labour.
Pregnancy outcomes features in patients with different severity of asthma
Authors: Lavrova Olga V. , Shapovalova Elena A. , Dymarskaya Yulia R
Published: July 2017

Purpose of the study. The study of the peculiarities and outcomes of pregnancy and neonatal status in patients with bronchial asthma (BA).

Materials and methods. Studied the course of pregnancy and delivery 1800 women suffering from BA. Patients were conducted and surveyed throughout the period of gestation simultaneously with pulmonologist and obstetrician; thus it was formed a complex of treatment and preventive measures, made recommendations for the primary prevention of allergic diseases of unborn child.

Results. The increase in pregnancy complications in patients with asthma is directly related to the lack of control of the disease, especially in the first trimester of gestation. The lack of ade quate treatment of asthma increases the risk of different pregnancy complications, which has a direct effect on the health status of newborns.

Conclusion. Even severe asthma, is not a contraindication to pregnancy. The main condition for the safety pregnancy and delivery is the timely appointment of a set of preventive and therapeutic measures for control of the disease that not only improve the quality of life of women during gestation, but also improve health status of newborns.
The experience of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery in the Maternity home No 13 of Saint Petersburg
Authors: Leonova Margarita D. , Frederiks Elena V. , Dymarskaya Yulia R.
Published: July 2017

Introduction. In developed countries the attempts of vaginal delivery after cesarian section are not an unjustified risk, but considered the most favorable outcome. In Russia, unfortunately, obstetricians do not risk offering a vaginal birth to pregnant women after cesarian section, and outpatient doctors often adjust the abdominal delivery from early stages of pregnancy.

The aim of the study: to identify specifics of labor and outcome of delivery for vaginal birth after previous cesarean and determine possible ways to reduce the frequency of abdominal delivery in these patients.

Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 337 histories of delivery of patients after previous cesarean in 2016 in “Maternity hospital No 13”. The main group consisted of 189 patients to whom vaginal birth was planned, of which 82 patients completed the birth in accordance with the previous plan (subgroup 1) and 107 women completed cesarean section (group 2). The control group consisted of 148 women who had cesarean delivery without trial vaginal delivery.

Results. Among the indications for the first cesarean section in the subgroup 1 were: breech malpresentation – 19.7%, fetal hypoxia – 22.4% and abnormalities of the uterine contractile activity – 13.2%. The most common indications for a second operation in the 2nd subgroup were: premature rupture of amniotic fluid and absence of spontaneous labor (28%), lack of cervical muturity (21.5%), abnormalities of the uterine contractile activity (18.7%), fetal hypoxia (14%), abnormal preliminary period (13.1%), placental abruption (1.9%), absence of the effect of induction (amniotomy) (1.9%), cepalopelvic disproportion (0.9%). Thus, the percentage of success of vaginal delivery was 43.3%. At the same time, the fact of the presence of uterine contractions during the previous delivery did not affect the mode of delivery in this pregnancy. The volume of blood loss in cases of vaginal delivery was significantly less than in the subgroups of patients delivered by cesarean section.

Conclusions. The analysis may lead to reviewing indications and terma for the birth after cesarean. Reserve groups have been defined for high chances of vaginal delivery: prolongation of pregnancy up to 41 weeks, induction and augmentation of labor, conservative management of labor with presumed macrosomia, that may help reduce the frequency of repeated abdominal delivery, development of intra- and postoperative complications.
Renal Denervation: An Update
Authors: Delacroix Sinny , Chokka Ramesh Girish , Nelson Adam , Nicholls Stephen J. , Worthley Stephen G.
Published: July 2017

Resistant hypertension is a growing cardiovascular problem worldwide and despite significant pharmacological advances medical management of the pathology remains challenging. In early clinical trials renal denervation, a catheter based therapy that denervates renal afferent and efferent sympathetic nervous system has demonstrated significant blood pressure reduction in patients with resistant hypertension. However, Symplicity HTN-3, the recent randomized controlled trial has challenged the efficacy of the procedure and underscored that there remain key issues to overcome before the procedure can be used as a standard of care in patients with resistant hypertension. This review provides a balanced update on the recent preclinical and clinical studies in the field and, focuses on the important advances required to enhance the forward progression of a technique that has the potential to treat this highly heterogenous pathology.
Leadless Cardiac Pacemaker as a Novel Intervention Modality for Atrioventricular Conduction Disturbance in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sutanto Henry
Published: July 2017

Atrioventricular conduction disturbance is a common complication of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Moreover, the most common form of atrioventricular conduction disturbance is atrioventricular block. Until recently, cardiac pacing was considered to be the most reliable long-time management of atrioventricular block. However, cardiac pacemakers have several limitations and complications. When the first generation of leadless pacemakers was invented in the 1980s, it was multi-component. Nowadays, self-contained or single component leadless pacemakers have been developed and have become popular amongst cardiac electrophysiologists. In particular, in 2013, St. Jude Medical developed a novel design for a cardiac pacemaker called the NanostimTM Leadless Pacemaker. In 2015, Medtronic released a smaller leadless pacemaker called the MicraTM Transcatheter Pacing System.1,2 Although NanostimTM and MicraTM represent state of the art technology; a few studies have documented some of their limitations.3-6 More research is needed to confirm and solve these problems
Bivalirudin Inhibits Thrombin-Mediated Tissue Factor Expression in Human Endothelial Cells
Authors: Cirillo Plinio , Pellegrino Grazia , Conte Stefano , Cimmino Giovanni , Barra Giusi , De Palma Raffaele , Trimarco Bruno
Published: July 2017

Thrombosis is the main pathophysiological mechanism in Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS), and involves the activation of platelets and of Tissue Factor (TF)-dependent extrinsic coagulation pathway. TF-mRNA and antigen are detectable in the adventitia of normal vessels. On the contrary, little TF immunoreactivity is measurable in the smooth muscle cells of uninjured vessels and unperturbed endothelial cells, being in contact with circulating blood, usually do not express TF activity. However, several stimuli are able to induce TF in endothelial cells, including thrombin. Thus in an acute "scenario", thrombin might be responsible for creating a prothombotic milieau. Bivalirudin (BIVA) is a synthetic, reversible direct thrombin inhibitor actually considered a valuable alternative to heparins in patients who need anticoagulation in the setting of ACS and percutaneous coronary intervention to avoid acute thrombotic events. In the present study we have investigated whether BIVA, by inhibiting thrombin, might have effects on TF expression and procoagulant activity in endothelial cells. Human Umbilical Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) were stimulated with thrombin or with the activated coagulation factors FVIIa/FXa for 2 hrs to evaluate TF-mRNA transcription by real-time PCR and for 6 hrs to measure TF expression/activity  on cell surface by FACs analysis and procoagulant activity. In additional experiments HUVEC were  pre-treated with BIVA for 1 hr before being stimulated and processed as above. Thrombin induced TF-mRNA transcription as well TF expression/activity on HUVEC shifting them to a procoagulant phenotype. On the contrary, the activated coagulation factors FVIIa/FXa did not affect TF expression/activity, indicating that thrombin plays a pivotal role in mediating this phenomenon. BIVA was able to prevent these thrombin deleterious effects. Data of the present study, although in vitro, suggest that BIVA, in the context of ACS, might significantly reduce thrombogenicity not only by acting as direct thrombin inhibitor but through its effects on TF expression/activity too.    
Coronary Artery Rupture After Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold Implantation Resolved with Graft Stent: Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment
Authors: Camacho Freire Santiago Jesus , Cardenal Piris Rosa , Roa Garrido Jessica , Gomez Menchero Antonio Enrique , Leon Jimenez Javier , Diaz Fernandez Jose Francisco
Published: July 2017

Coronary artery perforation (CAP) is an infrequent and life-threatening complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We report a 52-year-old male admited with NSTEMI. During percutaneous coronary intervention on left anterior descending artery with bioresorbable vascular scaffolds the patient suffered a type III coronary artery perforation and pericardiocentesis and graft stent implantation was needed. To the best of our knowleadge this is the first case reported of stent graft assessment by optical coherence tomography (OCT) after coronary artery perforation with a bioabsorbable vascular scaffold (BVS). In the acute phase by OCT, the backscattering does not allow see though the graft stent, nevertheless in the follow up it does. We describe a early positive remodeling on the BVS segment.
The Complex Cardiac Atherosclerotic Disorder: The Elusive Role of Genetics and the New Consensus of Systems Biology Approach
Authors: Louridas George , Lourida Katerina
Published: July 2017

The present technological status of genetics and genomics or the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are insufficient to explain complex diseases like atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD). It appears that the genetic risk variants of atherosclerosis are activated concurrently with functionally active specific environmental risk factors. With the systems biology methodological approach the atherosclerotic process and CAD are better explained and studied as a unified entity with significant clinical consequences.

Systems biology is an alternative approach for the study of atherosclerosis and CAD. With the systems biology approach the follow-up of the atherosclerotic process requires four conceptual areas of study: 1) the two potential directions, the bottom-up direction (functional composition from genes to phenotypes) and the top-down direction (functional decomposition from phenotypes to genes); 2) the four disciplines or levels of complexity: the genomic, the cellular, the modular and the model (clinical phenotype) level; 3) the concept of network construction; 4) the atherosclerotic plaque development and progression across all levels of complexity.

The systems biology methodology is holistic in conception. The proposed systems patterns are able to follow up the progressive nature of atherosclerosis and to explain the appearance of the clinical cardiovascular phenotypes. The phenotypes of CAD are integrated clinical wholes that determine through constrains and therapeutic procedures the behavior of the biological parts in the lower levels of complexity. This way of thinking is leading from genomics, through networks, to the mainstay of clinical cardiology. 
A study on clinical and pathological correlation of benign breast lesions
Authors: Ramesh Koorapati , Bookya Kishan
Published: July 2017

Background: Benign breast diseases are common in females among young age group. Most common presentation is painless lump in the breast. Clinical and pathological correlation is essential. Fibroadenoma is the commonest among all other benign breast diseases. The aim was to study the age distribution of benign breast diseases. To study different types of benign breast diseases, their mode of clinical presentation and to correlate with radiological examination, cytology and histopathology of breast diseases.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the outpatient department of General Surgery in MGM hospital, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal over a period of 2 years. A total of 250 patients diagnosed as benign breast diseases on clinical examination were studied and clinical findings were correlated with radiological, cytological and histopathological findings.Results: Patient age ranged 11 to 59 years. Majority of cases 150 (60%) were among 21-30 years. There were 98.8% female patients. Fibroadenomas were 57.6%, fibrocystic disease cases were 13.2%, breast abscesses were 1.6%, Intraductal papilloms 2.0%, simple cysts were 4.8%, Galactoceles 1.8%, Benign phyllodes were 3.6%, proliferative breast disease without atypia were 5.2% and gynaecomastia were 1.2% cases.Conclusions: Benign breast diseases are common among young females. Most of them present as painless mobile breast lump. Breast pain and nipple discharge are the other symptoms. Fibroadenoma is the commonest in our study, followed by fibrocystic changes Clinical diagnosis was correlated with cytology and histopathology.
An epidemiological cross-sectional study to assess the socio-demographic profile and to study the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults in an urban slum of Mumbai
Authors: Saji Daniel A. , Jajulwar Mahesh B. , Shenoy Anita G.
Published: July 2017

Background: Obesity is perhaps the most prevalent form of malnutrition. As a chronic disease, prevalent in both developed and developing countries, and affecting both children and adults. In India due urbanization and modernization people are moving into urban centres and along with increasing wealth, concerns about an obesity epidemic in India are growing. The present study was carried out to assess the demographic distribution and prevalence of overweight and obesity in adults in an urban slum. Methods: The cross sectional study includes 350 adult populations from the Shivaji Nagar (Govandi) urban slum of the Mumbai city in India and study was carried out over a period of one year from August 2014 to July 2015. Results: Our study showed that most of subjects are in the age group of 38-57. Sex distribution was relatively equal with 44% males and 56% females. Majority of the population were Muslims. Majority of the subjects (50.6%) belong to class III, (26.9%). 32.3% subjects were obese and 8.6% were overweight according to BMI (basal metabolic index) while merely 6.6% were overweight according to WHR (waist to hip ratio). Thus BMI was found to be a better indicator than WHR for measuring obesity. Conclusions: From the present study it was seen that age group of the subjects, socio economic class, and level of education had a significant relationship with BMI, whereas sex of the subjects had non-significant relationship with BMI.
A study of clinicopathologic spectrum of vesicobullous disorders
Authors: Mittal Heena , Kaur Sukhjot , Garg Bhavna , Sood Neena , Gupta Sunil Kumar , Kaur Sandeep
Published: July 2017

Background: Blistering diseases are alarming skin conditions. Autoimmune blistering diseases are a group of bullous disorders characterized by pathogenic antibodies directed at the target antigens in the epidermis or dermoepidermal junction.The objectives were to study the spectrum of histopathological changes by light microscopy, to evaluate the pattern of direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and to correlate clinical, histopathological features and DIF findings of vesiculobullous lesions of the skin or/and mucosa.

Methods: The present study was carried out on 110 skin and/or mucosal biopsies with vesicobullous disorders from July 2013 to June 2016. Detailed clinical history, morphology of lesions, site of involvement and other findings were recorded as per proforma. These cases were analysed clinically, histopathologically and on immunofluorescence.

Results: Majority of the patients presented in the age group of 41-50 years (30.9%). The male: female ratio was 1:1.15. Pemphigus vulgaris was the most common vesiculobullous disorder constituting 48.2%, followed by Bullous Pemphigoid constituting 27.3%. Dermatitis herpetiformis constituted 8.3%; Pemphigus foliaceous 3.6%, varicella and Stevens Johnson Syndrome both were observed in 2.7% each. DIF was performed in 81 cases out of which only 72 cases (92.6%) showed positivity.

Conclusions: DIF is a sensitive tool for distinguishing immune mediated bullous diseases from other vesiculobullous disorders especially in cases which pose a diagnostic dilemma both clinically and histologically. The final diagnosis depends on correlation of clinical, histopathological and immunoflourescence findings.

 
Влияние внешних факторов на формирование модели кредитования субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства. Зарубежный опыт
Authors: Брыков Борис Александрович
Published: July 2017

Малое и среднее предпринимательство (МСП) оказывает существенное влияние на рост и развитие экономики любой страны. Во многих странах субъекты МСП составляют большую часть предприятий. В каждой стране существуют свои критерии отнесения, каждая из них имеет свои особенности системы и моделей кредитования. Для выработки рекомендаций по развитию кредитования субъектов МСП в России необходимо проанализировать опыт других стран и факторы, влияющие на формирование моделей. По итогам проведенного анализа выделены несколько наиболее подходящих для адаптации в России мер по поддержке субъектов МСП, которые приведут к большей востребованности их кредитования и более охотного их финансирования банками.
TECHNOLOGICAL PLATFORMS FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Matriano Maria Teresa , Rahman Khan M. Firdouse
Published: July 2017

Purpose: The objective of the study is to critically examine the concept of Smart data and its influence in creating Social entrepreneurship involving community engagement.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study involves an in-depth exploratory approach in finding out the technological platform for social entrepreneurship in social engagement.

Findings: Finding the best solution to a problem varies in terms of approach.  The term Social Entrepreneurship - sounds vague for some, and the possibilities of its application are virtually limitless, which encompasses a need for boundaries to demarcate its true purpose.

Practical Implications: In today’s modern world, attempting to draw out the context of business techniques with the aid of information technology to solve social problems is being regarded as an emerging approach referred to as social entrepreneurship.

Social Implications: The study confirms the idea of social entrepreneurship is being attributed to its underlying function of fostering community engagement in an attempt to draw out solutions to long-standing social problems.

Originality/Value: The vague understanding of social entrepreneurship requires a more in-depth exploration in which this article intends to achieve.
Early vs late: Effect of epidural analgesia on labour
Authors: Garg Dr Priyanka
Published: July 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to know the effects of epidural analgesia when given early vs late in labour depending upon cervical dilatation in primigravida pregnant labouring women, on the phases of labour, interventional labour and the necessity for cesarean delivery. Methods: Number of patients enrolled in the study were 100 which were divided into early epidural group (EEG) i.e.<=4cm and late epidural group (LEG) i.e. >4cm depending upon the cervical dilatation at which patients requested for painless delivery. Out of 100 patients, 68 patients were grouped under EEG and 32 patients were grouped into LEG. Results: In the evaluation of obstetrical data, it was stated that the first phase of labour is longer in the EEG as compared to LEG but the difference was not significant statistically. The active phase is almost same and the second phase is significantly longer in the groups we provided epidural analgesia late in comparison with the early group. However, this statistically significant extension of time in the second phase was within acceptable limits for second phase. There was no significant difference regarding the mode of delivery between the two groups with almost similar incidence of caesarean and instrumental deliveries. Conclusion: With the present study it was concluded that it is unnecessary to delay the epidural analgesia application waiting for the cervical dilatation to proceed, in case that the labour pain comes up the visual analog scale (VAS) values (≥3). Therefore maternal request is always a sufficient indication for providing epidural analgesia irrespective of cervical dilatation.