bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Das Kafkaeske an der Optimierungsforderung
Authors: Würker Achim
Published: March 2021

Bezugnehmend auf ein Begriffsglossar des Managementjargons wird Schulpraxis als eine Einführung in die Selbst-Optimierung verdeutlicht. Daran schließt sich eine Illustration durch eine szenische Kafka-Interpretation an sowie eine Analyse der zugrundeliegenden Psychodynamik: Entsprechend der sozialpsychologischen Überlegungen Alfred Lorenzers wird der Optimierungsimperativ als »Schablone« begriffen, die als normierende Sprachkonstruktion zu Selbstdisziplinierung nötigt, gleichzeitig aber Ersatzbefriedigungen vorwiegend narzisstischer Wünsche erlaubt.
Spannungsfelder der Optimierung im Jugendstrafvollzug
Authors: Zimmermann David
Published: March 2021

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Versuch unternommen, soziologische und psychoanalytische Perspektiven auf das Miteinander in der Totalen Institution »Jugendstrafvollzug« in Beziehung zueinander zu setzen. Der Fokus liegt auf den Beziehungen zwischen Mitarbeitenden und jungen Inhaftierten. Ausgehend von theoretischen Überlegungen und tiefenhermeneutischen Annäherungen an das Forschungsmaterial werden Zugänge zum Verstehen der spezifischen institutionellen und interpersonalen Dynamiken vorgelegt und Impulse für institutionelle und professionelle Entwicklung eingebracht.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Puisi Melalui Penggunaan Teknik Akrostik Pada Pembelajaran Tematik
Authors: Huliatunisa Yayah
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi kondisi awal pada mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia bahwa dari 37 peserta didik, terdapat 19 orang yang mendapatkan skor rendah dan kurang dari nilai KKM (65) serta permasalahan kurangnya minat menulis puisi siswa, sulitnya memilih kosakata dalam penulisan puisi dan belum ditemukannya teknik pembelajaran yang cocok dalam kegiatan pembelajaran menulis puisi. Pembelajaran yang telah dilaksanakan akan digambarkan dengan metode deskriptif yang didalamnya meliputi bagaimana bentuk perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan hasil pembelajaran menulis puisi dengan menggunakan teknik akrostik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan menulis puisi dengan teknik akrostik pada pembelajaran tematik. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) menggunakan model Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart, melalui tes, observasi, dokumentasi dan catatan lapangan dengan 2 siklus yang pada tiap siklusnya dilaksanakan membentuk spiral yang terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi/pengamatan, refleksi, perencanaan kembali yang merupakan dasar suatu ancang-ancang dalam pemecahan permasalahan. Hasil yang diperoleh pada siklus I menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa hanya meningkat dari kondisi awal 40% menjadi 69%. Pada akhir siklus II terjadi peningkatan yang sangat baik yaitu rata-rata kemampuan menulis puisi siswa menjadi 82%. Sehingga hasil akhir penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tehnik akrostik dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis puisi pada pembelajaran tematik siswa kelas IV di SDN Pakujaya 01 Kota Tangerang Selatan.
Analisis Supervisi Akademik Kepala Sekolah Terhadap Kemampuan Guru Menyusun RPP di SD Negeri Ciangsana
Authors: Safitri Melida , Uswatun Din Azwar , Nurochmah Andi
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran supervisi akademik yang dilaksanakan oleh Kepala sekolah di SD Negeri Ciangsana serta analisis mengenai kemampuan guru dalam menyusun rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP) sebagai gambaran sejauh mana keberhasilan dari pelaksanaan supervisi akademik tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif . Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri Ciangsana, dan yang menjadi subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Kepala sekolah SD Negeri Ciangsana. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi, penyajian dan kesimpulan. Teknik keabsahan data dilakukan dengan Triangulasi menggunakan beberapa teknik yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi serta dengan meningkatkan ketekunan agar peneliti dapat melihat letak kekurangan yang perlu untuk diperbaiki. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : a) Supervisi akademik yang dilaksanakan di SD Negeri Ciangsana dalam presepsi baik yaitu berjalan berdasarkan rencana program yang telah disusun. b) Kemampuan guru SD Negeri Ciangsana dalam menyusun Rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran dalam kategori baik yaitu berada pada skor diatas 80, meskipun setiap guru mendapatkan skor akhir yang berbeda. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor.
DAMPAK CURRENT RATIO DAN RETURN ON EQUITY TERHADAP TRADING VOLUME ACTIVITY DENGAN PRICE TO BOOK VALUE SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING PADA JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX PERIODE 2015 – 2019
Authors: Susanti Elly
Published: March 2021

Investors always believe that if the company performs well it can increase the volume of stock trading. Therefore, many companies are trying to increase company activity and optimize all company resources in order to increase trading volume activity. This study examines and analyzes the effect of Current Ratio, Return On Equity on Trading Volume Activity with Price To Book Value, which is a moderating variable in the Jakarta Islamic Index for the 2015 - 2019 period on the IDX. To obtain data, the website www.idx.co.id is used as secondary data. The population is 50 issuers and the sample technique uses purposive sampling, thus the sample is 10 issuers. Furthermore, the application used in analyzing quantitative data is SPSS version 21.With the results obtained, Current Ratio and Return On Equity have a significant effect on Trading Volume Activity, but Price to Book Value is not able to be a moderating variable between Current Ratio and Return On Equity to Trading. Activity Volume.
THE INFLUENCE OF MARKET ORIENTATION ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF MICRO SMALL ENTERPRISES OF TEMPE
Authors: Rosiana Agista
Published: March 2021

Market orientation is one of the business culture that produces the best performance through commitment to the customer. The aim of study is to analyze the factors that affect market orientation in operate a business to improve business performance on MSEs in the city of Bogor. The research was conducted on micro small business of tempe in Bogor City. The number of respondents in the research as much as thirty respondents with the determination of respondents by purposive sampling. Data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis with smart partial least squares (smart PLS) approach. The results of this study indicated customer orientation variables significantly affect business performance with the results of T tests 2.996> 1.96, competitor orientation variables significantly affect business performance with the test results T 2.544> 1.96, and variables interfunctional coordination was not significantly affect business performance with test results T 1.687 <1.96. Thus, customer orientation and competitor orientation have significant influence to business performance, while inter-functional coordination factor  not give significant influence to business performance.Keywords : Market Orientation, Partial Least Square
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF CRYSTAL GUAVA (PSIDIUM GUAJAVA L.) SYRUP
Authors: Hutami Rosy
Published: March 2021

Food diversification based on crystal guava fruit is still limited. The purpose of this study were to utilize crystal guava fruit in the form of processed syrup and to determine the effect of ratio of the guava flesh vs water and sugar concentration to the characteristic of crystal guava syrup. The experimental design that used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was the ratio of guava flesh and water which consist of three levels, namely A1 (30:70), A2 (40:60), A3 (50:50) and the second factor was sugar concentration that was also consist of three levels, namely B1 (50%), B2 (60%), B3 (70%). Product analysis included chemical test (total sugar), physical test (viscosity and total dissolved solids), microbial analysis (total plate count) and sensory  test (quality and hedonic test) of selected crystal guava syrup. Statistical analysis was done by using ANOVA with Duncan. The selected crystal guava syrup was the ratio of guava flesh and water 50:50 and sugar concentration 70%. It had total sugar, viscosity and total dissolved solid (TDS) about 75,11%, 9,92cP and 77,70◦brix, respectively. Selected guava syrup was tested for total plate count and the result obtained was 7,7x101 CFU/mL that had conformed to SNI 3544:2013. The result of sensory quality of the selected product was the color leads to yellowish white, the aroma leads to the smell of crystal guava, the taste leads to sweet acidity, and the flavor leads to crystal guava with the result of hedonic test was leads towards likes (6.07-6, 89).
INTERVENTION OF BANANA WEEVIL MOLECULES AND HUSK CHARCOAL FOR THE VEGETATIVE PHASE OF PAPAYA SEEDS (CARICA PAPAYA L.)
Authors: Pasca Sari Desi  Sri , Sebayang Nico Syahputra
Published: March 2021

Papaya is one of the promising agricultural products. To increase Papaya production, we use organic fertilizers that are easily available and are often wasted by Southeast Aceh farmers. Our research aims to determine the effect of rice husk charcoal and banana weevil MOL on papaya seedlings (Carica Papaya L.). honey. This research was conducted in Alur Buluh Village, Southeast Aceh District, with a height of ± 245 m above sea level, which was carried out for 2 months. The design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two treatment factors, namely: Factor I: rice husk charcoal (A) consisting of 3 levels, namely: A0: 0 g / plant / 1,100g soil; A1: 150g / plant / 1,250g of soil; A2: 200 g / plant / 1,300g of soil. Factor II: MOL fertilizer for banana weevil (M) consisting of 3 levels, namely: M0: 0 ml / liter of water / plot; M1: 10 ml / liter of water / plot; M2: 30 ml / liter of water / plot. Variance analysis test results showed that the treatment level of rice husk charcoal dose had a very significant effect on plant height at 3 MSPB, 4 MSPB and 5 MSPB and stem diameters of 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 MSPB. Whereas 2 and 6 MSPB significantly affected plant height, and stem diameter at 2 MSPB significantly affected. The effect of MOL administration of banana weevil has a very significant effect on plant height at ages 2 and 3 MSPB, stem diameter at 3 MSPB. In the interaction of the treatment of husk charcoal and MOL fertilizer the banana weevil had a very significant effect on the diameter of the stem at the age of 3 MSPB, and the stem diameter of 4 MSPB. We conclude the use of fertilizers derived from husk charcoal and banana weevil Mol are good for the growth of papaya seeds.
Ikhtilaf Al-I’rab dalam Al-Qur’an Surah Al-Insan dan Implikasinya dalam Pembelajaran Nahwu di Madrasah Tsanawiyah
Authors: Mu'min Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pengalaman dan pengamatan peneliti akan minimnya penggunaan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an sebagai bahan ajar pada pembelajaran nahwu di Madrasah Tsanawiyah, selain itu masih banyak pelajar muslim pada khususnya yang masih kesulitan dalam mengi’rab kalimat-kalimat bahasa Arab, sehingga penelitian mengenai ikhtilaf i’rab ini sangat penting karena berguna untuk menghindarkan kita dari kesalahan dalam memahami Al-Qur’an maupun teks-teks Arab lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aspek-aspek ikhtilaf i’rab dalam surah Al-Insan, sehingga dapat diketahui faktor-faktor penyebab perbedaannya dan pengaruhnya terhadap makna. Dalam melakukan penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu suatu penelitian yang dilakukan berdasarkan paradigma, strategi, dan implementasi model secara kualitatif, adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analitik, yaitu suatu metode yang digunakan untuk menemukan dan mengungkapkan permasalahan sistematis, dengan cara mendeskripsikan data-data yang kemudian disusul dengan analisis. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti berusaha menganalisa objek penelitian untuk digambarkan sebagaimana adanya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis pada penelitian ini bahwa dalam surah Al-Insan ini terdapat 10 kata yang mengandung ikhtilaf i’rab didalamnya, 8 kata disebabkan karena aspek bahasa dan 2 kata disebabkan karena aspek qiraat al-qur’an.
Who Chooses Teacher Education and Why? Evidence From Germany
Authors: Savage Corey , Ayaita Adam , Hübner Nicolas , Biewen Martin
Published: March 2021

Empirically rigorous research on teacher education entry is extremely limited. Evidence on who enters teacher education and why is crucial for identifying undesired gaps in entry and can assist with teacher recruitment. Grounded in prior research, we identified four primary groups of relevant individual-level variables: student/family background, achievement/abilities, personality, and motivation. We empirically tested this conceptual model using rich data from a national cohort of German ninth-graders followed to college/university and their parents. Our study is the first to predict eventual teacher education entry early in secondary school. Although those students who eventually entered teacher education were significantly different from their counterparts across most variables, fewer were conditionally predictive. Social interests, desired working conditions, desire to have children, and students’ parents were particularly influential. Implications for research and teacher recruitment are discussed.
Professional aspects of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)
Authors: Gorblyansky Yuri Y. , Kontorovich Elena P. , Ponamareva Oksana P. , Volynskaya Evgenia I.
Published: March 2021

The article presents an analysis of modern foreign and domestic literature, regulatory legal acts that reflect the professional aspects of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. The risks of COVID-19 infection of medical and non-medical workers are considered. The current understanding of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 as an occupational disease is shown. The features of the work of the health care system and the occupational health service during the COVID-19 pandemic are presented.
Relationship of cytokine levels with neuropsychological parameters in patients with vibration disease
Authors: Shevchenko Oksana I. , Lakhman Oleg L. , Bodienkova Galina M. , Boklazhenko Elena V.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The results were obtained using the method of solid-phase enzyme immunoassay and neuropsychological examination of patients with vibration disease caused by the combined effect of local and general vibration. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the content of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and changes in neuropsychological parameters in patients with vibration disease associated with combined exposure to local and general vibration. Materials and methods. Examined men were divided into groups: first group (n=28) - with vibration disease of the second degree, due to the combined effect of local and general vibration and the second (n=16) - the comparison group. There are methods of statistical analysis with the determination of the Shapiro-Wilk W-test, the Mann-Whitney U-test, and the Spearman correlation analysis. Results. In patients with vibration disease when compared to second group was higher values characterizing the analytic-synthetic (p=0.002) and conceptual thinking (p=0.016), short (verbal) (p=0.002), hand-shaped (p=0.002) and long (p=0.041) memory, dynamic (p=0.001) and constructive (p=0.001) praxis, visual gnosis (p=0,042), impressive speech (p=0.041), as well as index test, MMSE (p=0.003). Dysregulation in the immune system manifests in the form of a statistically significant hyperproduction of IL-8 and IFN-γ diagnosed in first group patients when compared with group II at p<0.05. There were statistically significant direct correlations between the concentration of IL-4 and the indicator of conceptual thinking, an indicator that characterizes finger gnosis (p=0.021; 0.025, respectively). Statistically significant dependences indicate that the increase in tests on the arithmetic triple score, the selection of opposites in the active plan, showing the specified finger on the sample and the name, an explanation of the logical-grammatical constructions, indicating a decrease in the function of analytical and synthetic thinking, conceptual thinking, finger gnosis, impressive speech, this is due to an increase in production of IL-8, IFN-γ (p=0,013; 0,044; 0,025; 0,008; 0,048; 0,046; 0,028; 0,018 respectively). Conclusions. The decrease in indicators that characterize analytical-synthetic, conceptual thinking, short-term (auditory-speech), long-term, operational visual memory, dynamic and constructive praxis, visual gnosis, and impressive speech is accompanied by hyperproduction of IL-8, IFN-γ. This fact may characterize the activation of the neuroinflammatory process as an important determinant of cognitive decline under the combined influence of local and general vibration. The established relationship between increased levels of IL-4 and indicators of conceptual thinking, visual gnosis, probably indicates the importance of more pronounced cytotoxic reactions in the violation of the mechanisms of visual perception and thought process in patients with vibration disease.
Surface texturing of non-toxic, biocompatible titanium alloys via electro-discharge
Authors:   Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine, Sidhu Ajaytaj Singh
Published: March 2021

The developments of Al and V free, biocompatible Ti-alloy have been the subject of researcher in the orthopedic joints replacement domain. The current article addresses the methodology chosen for Ti-alloy design, machinability, and low-cost surface texturing process for a high degree of biocompatibility. It is evident that an astonishing increase in biocompatibility can be achieved by synchronizing electro-discharge spark energy within Ti alloy and tool material coupled with the selection of dielectric medium for surface modification. The finding of this research may benefit a wide range of researchers to design sustainable implants. The positive polarity tool electrode at 10 A is the most desirable process parameter developing the bioactive surface.
Now I Know Your Reality Better than Before. You are the Dejjal!
Authors: Ali Abdella Yimam
Published: March 2021

Now I Know Your Reality Better than Before. You are the Dejjal!
MFAP5 is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that microfibrillar associated protein 5, MFAP5, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. MFAP5 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of MFAP5 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival, in lymph node negative patients but not in lymph node positive patients. Modulation of MFAP5 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
OLFML3 is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that olfactomedin like 3, OLFML3, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. OLFML3 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of OLFML3 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient overall survival, in lymph node positive patients but not in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of OLFML3 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Speakers use more redundant references with language learners: Evidence for communicatively-efficient referential choice
Authors: Tal Shira , Grossman Eitan , Rohde Hannah , Arnon Inbal
Published: March 2021

According to the communicative efficiency hypothesis, speakers should produce more linguistic material when comprehension difficulty increases. Here, we investigate a potential source of comprehension difficulty – listeners’ language proficiency – on speakers’ productions, using referential choice as a case study. Referential choice is influenced by communicative efficiency: pronouns are used less than full noun phrases (NPs) for less predictable referents (Tily & Piantadosi, 2009). However, the extent to which it is influenced by the listener is debated. Here, we compare participants’ descriptions of the same picture book to children, adult L2 learners and adult native speakers. We find that speakers use more full NPs when their interlocutors are learners – child and adult learners alike, illustrating an effect of listeners’ proficiency (regardless of age) on production choices. Importantly, the increased use of full NPs relative to pronouns is found controlling for discourse-related differences (e.g., previous mention), suggesting a direct relation between listeners’ perceived language proficiency and referential choice.
Social identification with the “Yellow Vests”: An exploratory study in France.
Authors: Barbier Mathilde , Monaco Grégory Lo , Delouvée Sylvain
Published: March 2021

The present study was carried out in December, 2018 and aimed at exploring the “Yellow Vests” movement when the revolts were in full swing. It involved 260 French participants (Mage = 42.9 years, SDage 14.6, Min = 18 to Max = 88). Results confirmed our hypotheses. The people who most identified with the “Yellow Vests” are those who perceive the system to be less fair and more illegitimate, and who express more dissatisfaction with the democratic regime and are generally more politically cynical. They feel more alienated and affirm that they would be more likely to resort to violence in order to introduce a new social order. They adhere more to conspiracy theories. Finally, we found greater identification of the “Yellow Vests” with extreme compared to moderate political parties. We discuss these results from the defence of the moral economy principle.
Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19): It’s Implication for Improving Discipline, Manner, and Skills
Authors: Chhatkuli Shyam Bahadur , Ariyal Uttam
Published: March 2021

The research explores the implication of difficulties including lockdown caused by COVID-19 virus in improving discipline, manner, and skills for the development of society for independency. It studies a very backward village, Aambhanjyang, a village developing towards the city and a provincial capital city. It has not only the dark side by COVID-19 virus but also has a bright side for social development. With the study of its nature, human gains skills, develop a manner of self-discipline, and does the correction in culture. The changes may bring the dependent society into an independent society. The people from all the three types of location were not used to for the habits which prevent several types of communicable diseases passing from each other. It can be concluded that the difficult circumstances compel/opportune human to exist and combat with the new problems. Findings help society to be skilled in health care, mannered in behaving with each others, skilled for performing good and useful habits. Because of the changes, the skills, manner, habits make people disciplined and the discipline changes into tradition and finally the tradition become culture.
Relative Concentrations and Diffusion of COVID-19 across the United States in 2020
Authors: Otterstrom Samuel M. , Hochberg Leonard
Published: March 2021

Les auteurs étudient la propagation de la COVID-19 (maladie à coronavirus 2019) en termes de cas et de décès dans l’ensemble des États-Unis, à l’aide des données relatives aux comtés à différents niveaux de comparaison. Ils utilisent l’indice de Hoover et l’indice de différentiel géographique pour analyser l’évolution de la concentration de COVID-19 à l’échelle des grandes zones économiques ( city systems), de mai 2020 à décembre 2020. Les auteurs cartographient également l’indice du différentiel géographique (DG) des différents comtés afin de montrer la distribution des cas de COVID-19 et des décès qui lui sont attribuables dans les comtés par rapport aux moyennes nationales. Ils constatent que la maladie s’est rapidement répandue et qu’elle s’est déconcentrée dans l’ensemble des zones économiques pour ce qui est des indices de Hoover, et qu’en décembre 2020, de nombreuses zones économiques affichant des niveaux très élevés de concentration de COVID-19 étaient passées à des taux de dispersion supérieurs aux taux observés dans la population en général. Cette évolution semble indiquer un degré appréciable de propagation rurale dans les derniers mois de 2020. Les indices de différentiel géographique pour les mêmes zones économiques révèlent aussi une convergence des géographies de la population et des décès liés à la COVID-19. Les statistiques des différents comtés mettent en relief l’existence de grappes de grands nombres et de faibles nombres de décès comparativement aux normes nationales, qui se sont déplacées du nord-est au sud-est et qui, en décembre, sont aussi apparues dans le Midwest et la portion centrale du pays, entre autres régions.
Barbarian Invaders and Roman Collaborators
Authors: Thompson E.A.
Published: March 2021

The first ten years of the fifth century A.D.were the worst decade that Italy had experienced at the hands of foreign enemies since the days of Hannibal. In seven of these years powerful armies of barbarian invaders were on Italian soil. In each of the years 408, 409, and 410 Rome itself was besieged, and in 410 the city fell to a foreign enemy for the first time since Brennus and his Gauls captured it 800 years earlier. The civilized world was dumbfounded. There were less civilized Romans, however, who were by no means at a loss to know how to handle the situation.
Doctors as Diplomats in the Sixth Century A.D.
Authors: Blockley R.C.
Published: March 2021

Medicine in the Roman world was a Greek science, and the majority of its practitioners were, and continued to be, men of Greek background and culture, if not of Greek origin. The Greeks themselves held various opinions of doctors and medicine, perhaps adverse more often than not. The Homeric line, "A doctor is a man worth many others" (12. 11.514), is more than balanced by Plato's scepticism about the social value of much medicine (Rep. Ill.405A-10B) and the continuing chorus of complaints over quackery and exorbitant fees. The Romans, suspicious as often of foreign skills and those who professed them, generally treated Greek physicians with reserve, while making use of them. The majority of doctors amongst the Romans were of comparatively low status, slaves or freedmen attached to the great houses, though some of the famous doctors of the late Republic and early Empire were freeborn.
Gemella morbillorum endocarditis and osteomyelitis in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Singer Zachary , Leis Benjamin , Nosib Shravankumar , Kogilwaimath Siddharth
Published: March 2021

We report a rare case of Gemella morbillorum endocarditis of the native aortic and mitral valves, and native vertebral osteomyelitis, in a 49-year-old male with HLA-B27 negative ankylosing spondylitis (AKS). G. morbillorum is a rare cause of endocarditis; the incidence of which is unknown. AKS may predispose patients to endocarditis through chronic valvulitis. G. morbillorum bacteremia in patients with AKS should prompt consideration of infective endocarditis and a search for possible portals of entry.
Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy on English-language Twitter
Authors: Thelwall Mike , Kousha Kayvan , Thelwall Saheeda
Published: March 2021

Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy seems likely to increase mortality rates and delay the easing of social distancing restrictions. Online platforms with large audiences may influence vaccine hesitancy by spreading fear and misinformation that is avoided by the mainstream media. Understanding what types of vaccine hesitancy information is shared on the popular social web site Twitter may therefore help to design interventions to address misleading attitudes. This study applies content analysis to a random sample of 446 vaccine hesitant Covid-19 tweets in English posted between 10 March and 5 December 2020. The main themes discussed were conspiracies, vaccine development speed, and vaccine safety. Most (79%) of those tweeting refusal to take a vaccine expressed right-wing opinions, fear of a deep state, or conspiracy theories. A substantial minority of vaccine refusers (18%) mainly tweeted non-politically about other themes. The topics on Twitter reflect vaccine concerns, but those stating vaccine refusal in non-political contexts may unsettle the wider Twitter network by reaching outside right-wing areas of Twitter.
KÜLTÜREL DÖNÜŞÜMÜN ETKİN ARACI MEDYA: TELEVİZYON “ÖLDÜREN EĞLENCE” MİDİR?
Authors: BARS Mehmet Emin
Published: March 2021

Medya kültürel değişmelerin etkin araçlarından biridir. Medyanın en önemli araçlarından televizyon bu dönüşümlerin merkezinde yer almaktadır. Özellikle son yirmi yıl içerisinde etkinliğini her geçen gün arttıran televizyon, geleneksel kalıpların değiştirildiği, yeni geleneklerin meydana getirildiği medya aracıdır. Geleneksel kültüre ait yaşam biçimleri, anlatı türleri bağlamsal dönüşümler geçirmiştir. Yapılan araştırmalarda çoğunlukla televizyon geleneksel kültür için bir tehlike olarak görülmüştür. Televizyonun halk kültürünü bozduğu, yok ettiği iddia edilmiştir. Bu çalışma televizyon ile halk kültürü arasındaki ilişkileri ele almaktadır. Televizyonun halk kültürü üzerindeki etkisi televizyon örnekleri üzerinden değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda televizyonun kültürü besleyen bir araç olduğu kanaatine varılmıştır. Televizyon halk kültürünü yeniden biçimlendirmektedir. Bağlamı değişen halk kültürü yeni bir bağlamda varlığını devam ettirmektedir. Televizyon halk kültürü için bir tehlike olarak görülmemelidir. Televizyon günümüzün etkin kültür yaratıcı ve aktarıcısıdır. Geçmişte halk edebiyatı aktör ve anlatıları tarafından üstlenilen işlevler, günümüzde televizyon tarafından yerine getirilmektedir. Bu bakımdan televizyondan kültürün aktarım ve yaratım sürecinde etkin biçimde yararlanılmalıdır.
Avaliação de blockchain como fator de melhoria da eficiência da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos
Authors: Soares Lilian Campos , Romana Rodrigues Larissa , Rodrigues Lucas , Ferneda Edilson , Do Prado Hércules Antonio
Published: March 2021

Blockchain é uma tecnologia de registros distribuídos que possui uma rede descentralizada visando proporcionar maior confiança e segurança aos usuários, visto que os registros criados são permanentes e invioláveis. Estudiosos a consideram uma tecnologia disruptiva também para os setores do transporte e da logística, obtendo benefícios impactantes nas organizações, como redução de custos, democracia dos processos, maior transparência, facilidade na manipulação de todas as operações em uma cadeia de suprimentos e o rastreamento em tempo real. Este artigo apresenta a avaliação de elementos da tecnologia blockchain e suas vantagens potenciais para a eficiência da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos. A aplicação dessa tecnologia é analisada sob a ótica do monitoramento de cargas no transporte e seu impacto em empresas do setor.
Aplicativos móveis para a promoção de hábitos saudáveis de alimentação em idosos
Authors: Do Prado Adriana Regina Campestrini , Vilaça Coelho e Silva Karla Helena , Carvalho Gustavo Azevedo
Published: March 2021

Apresenta-se neste artigo um estudo sobre o uso de aplicativos móveis que estimulem a prática da alimentação saudável pela população acima de 65 anos. Tal estudo é motivado por orientações da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) em relação a políticas públicas para saúde em idosos e pela constatação do aumento dessa população no Brasil. A expectativa de vida no País tem aumentado significativamente nas últimas décadas, estando hoje em torno de 76 anos. Constata-se também, com base em dados de 2013, que as Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) são responsáveis por aproximadamente 72% das mortes no Brasil. As políticas públicas preconizadas pela OMS apontam a necessidade de prevenção das DCNT com o incen-tivo à alimentação adequada, atividade física e redução do tabagismo e do uso de álcool. Adicionalmente, orienta que os idosos sejam envolvidos na busca por melhorias em sua saúde, com o suporte de inovações tecnológicas. Aplicativos móveis são artefatos tecnológicos de uso massivo, inclusive com aplicações relacionadas à saúde. Entretanto, o que se sabe sobre o uso desta tecnologia pela população idosa? Que tipos de aplicativos existem para auxiliar o idoso em suas necessidades nutricionais? As respostas obtidas a estas questões apontam a necessidade de se ampliar a adoção desta tecnologia, seja pelo aumento da oferta, seja pelo desenho de interfaces mais adequadas para esta população.
Petilasan Prabu Brawijaya V di Alas Ketonggo Srigati Ngawi
Authors: Afifah Dian Rahma nur
Published: March 2021

Alas Ketonggo Srigati Ngawi still keeps various oral works, namely oral works that are trusted by local residents and are spoken or passed down from generation to generation. And also still harboring its thickness, namely various mythical things with traditions that are deeply believed by local residents. As part of history, there is one of the literatures, namely oral literature which holds a lot of information related to past events, oral literature has become a pride and has even become the identity of each region. There are three cultural values, namely: Values ​​related to human life as social beings, values ​​related to human life as individual beings, and values ​​related to human life as God's creatures. The influence of the myth of Alas Ketonggo Srigati on society includes: forming character, belief, and nature or action in human life. Alas Ketonggo Srigati this place is a historic place because in ancient times Alas Ketonggo Srigati was the resting place for King Brawijaya V who fled from the Majapahit Kingdom because he was being attacked by the Demak Army. At that time, the Demak army was under Raden Patah's control. Not only that, King left his oversized clothes in that place. This was done before he left for Mount Lawu to meditate. Located in Brendil Hamlet, Hutan, Babadan, Paron District, Ngawi Regency.
Pergulatan Tradisi, Agama, Negara: Analisis Sosio-Kultural Keturunan Tionghoa dan Perkembangan Gereja Tionghoa Indonesia (1950-1999)
Authors: Cipta Samudra Eka
Published: March 2021

During the Dutch East Indies there were several Chinese-Christian communities characterized by the existence of the Chinese church. The Liberal Democratic period of Chinese-Christian development is experiencing rapid development. The developments are supported by government policies regarding religious identity issues for the people of descent. After the fall of democracy guided by the birth of the New Order, the development of the Chinese-Christians increased sharply. The politics that the new Order period is ' ' political assimilation ' ' by trying to remove cultural elements in a particular society. This is marked by the new Order government policy that prohibits the practice of Confucian teaching on Chinese descent as a form of propaganda in Chinese communism. During the new order Mas Chinese descent did a massive religious conversion. Another impact for the people of descent is the name change by the name of Indonesian people in general. This research gave birth to problem formulation of 1) how early social development of Chinese descent society?, 2) How the Indonesian Chinese community response to the government policy of time Sukarno and Suharto?, 3) How is the effort of reconciliation in the effort to preserve the values of culture and philosophy for the Society of Chinese descent?.
MEASUREMENT ECONOMICS: PRESENT AND FUTURE
Authors:   LLC «SIBINTEK-SOFT», Novikova Ekaterina , Novikov Sergey ,   «STANKOINSTRUMENT»
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the issues of measurement Economics in the context of digital transformation. The estimation of the share of measurement costs in the gross domestic product of Russia is presented. Examples of new measurement-based business models are provided.
INTERNATIONAL ANTI-DRUG POLICY IN AFGHANISTAN (2001-2019)
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Mitrofanenkova Olga
Published: March 2021

After the fall of Taliban in 2001 crisis in Afghanistan entered a new stage of its evaluation. The drug production broke all previous records. Afghanistan became a drug state that attracted attention of international community. The fight against drugs in Afghanistan is considered in the article.
ПАКИСТАНО-ФРАНЦУЗСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ В ХХI в.
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Prohorov Ruslan
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the political, economic and cultural cooperation of Pakistan with France in the twenty-first century. Attention is drawn to a peculiar bias towards France in the frequency of political and diplomatic visits by representatives of Pakistan. Due to the fact that France is a traditional donor of the Pakistani economy, attention is drawn to the desire of the partiesto increase the role of public diplomacy in the development of trade and economic relations. Meanwhile, France is Pakistan’s long-standing export partner, one of the top ten countries in which Pakistan exports its goods. The importance of developing such areas of cooperation as energy and transport is emphasized. Military-technical cooperation is singled out as a traditional area of cooperation between Pakistan and France. The role of France in the creation and development ofthe naval forces of Pakistan isindicated. The complicated relations between countries on the issue of nuclear cooperation are shown. The article also discussessecurity issues, namely, current bilateral documents, joint effortsto combat terrorism, and the regime of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons are presented. Interaction in the field of culture is presented on the example of the work of the three centers of the French public organization Alliance de Frances. Separately, attention is drawn to the interaction of state structures of the two countries regarding the return of relics illegally exported from Pakistan. In conclusion, it is assumed that Pakistan’s orientation towards France is quite justified, since this European state has always been friendly to it, is powerful in its economic potential and resources, and the development of relations with this country does not conflict with the orientation towards the United States.
ASIAN MARITIME TRANSPORT IN ASIA: A BRIEF STATISTICAL ESSAY
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Akimov Alexander
Published: March 2021

The article describes the state of the Asian merchant marine fleet as of 2018. The main trends of international Maritime trade are described, the composition of the fleet by types of vessels is characterized, and the main directions of trade by groups of goods transported by different types of vessels are shown. The transition of leadership in tonnage from tankers to bulk carriers is revealed, due to the reduction of the role of oil in sea transportation and the formation of flows of raw materials and coal for the ferrous metallurgy to China. The largest container ports in the world are shown, among which East Asian ports predominate. Two leading flag of convenience countries in Asia have been identified – Hong Kong and Singapore. In the global shipbuilding industry, three East Asian countries – China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea – account for 90 % of ship production.
ROADS OF CENTRAL ASIA. THE NEW INTERNATIONAL TRANSIT PROJECTS
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Borisova Ekaterina
Published: March 2021

The development of international trade implies the use of the territory of Central Asia as a transit zone, through which the routes China–Europe, China – the middle East should be laid. The existing communication capabilities are not enough, so new directions are being developed (Railways “China–Kazakhstan – Turkmenistan–Iran”, “Turkmenistan– Afghanistan–Tajikistan”, ”China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan”; multimodal transit corridors” Lazurit”,” TRANS – Caspian international transport route”; such highways as “Western China– Western Europe”). However, paved roads, both rail and road, do not always meet expectations in terms of the volume of cargo passing through them (projects “China – Kazakhstan – Turkmenistan – Iran” and the Lapis lazuli corridor). Their loading is delayed “until better times” either due to the unstable political background, or due to the lack of necessary commodity flows in both directions. In some cases, there is a lack of political will to make appropriate decisions. Finished projects are unprofitable. None of the international transit projects announced or even completed over the past 20 years through the Central Asian republics has been fully operational. Meanwhile, international transit allows not only to fill the state budget, but also to solve issues of internal connectivity of territories. This task is most relevant today for Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, which have become hostages of their own geography, with localities separated by impassable mountain ranges.
GLOBAL NON-FERROUS METALLURGY RESOURCES MARKET
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Rastyannikova Elizaveta
Published: March 2021

Since the beginning of the XXI century, the raw material of non-ferrous metallurgy began to acquire new outlines. First, due to the growing demand for resources from the rapidly developing countries of Asia (China, India, South Korea), the volume of world production and international flows of both raw ore and ore dressing – concentrates have increased. Secondly, the concentration of countries that produce raw materials on the one hand and consume them on the other has increased. The article is devoted to comparative statistical analysis of international flows of raw materials of non-ferrous metals. The leading countries in the world exporting non-ferrous metal ores and countries importing them have been identified. The impact of new applications of non-ferrous metals on increasing international trade, such as the expansion of the production of batteries for electromobile and consumer electronics, the development of nuclear energy, etc., is highlighted.
PIPELINE INFRASTRUCTURE IN CHINA’S ENERGY POLICY AND RUSSIA’S INTERESTS
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Tomberg Igor
Published: March 2021

In recent years, China has stepped up work to develop its pipeline infrastructure as an important part of ensuring the country’s energy security. In modern geopolitical conditions, the supply of hydrocarbons mainly by sea entails growing risks, which predetermines the rapid development of energy ties with neighboring states. One of the constraints of this strategy is the lack of development of pipeline infrastructure. New measures of the PRC government, both technological and regulatory, are designed to create an oil and gas transportation infrastructure that is adequate to the tasks of providing the country’s economy with imported fuel as quickly as possible.
TRANSPORT IN INDONESIA
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Chesnokova Svetlana
Published: March 2021

Indonesia’s transport system was formed largely based on the economic resource base of the archipelago, which consists of more than 17,800 Islands, on which the country is located. The Indonesian Central government’s spending on transport has increased significantly in recent years. This allowed the country to expand its transport network and improve access to remote areas of the archipelago. Maritime navigation provides a link between different parts of the country. On some Islands, where there are no good roads, the main transport connection is via large rivers. The most important direction of the country’s transport policy is the development of high-speed cargo and passenger sea connections with the most remote and inaccessible regions of the country, primarily with the Eastern part of Indonesia. A variety of vehicles are used on the roads of Indonesia. Bus routes are laid in all areas that have access to the road network. Since 2004, the TransJakarta rapid bus system has been operating in the country. Most of Indonesia’s Railways are located in Java and are used for both passenger and freight transport. In March 2019, the Jakarta metro started operating. Indonesia’s air transport is the most important means of communication between thousands of Islands throughout the archipelago and other countries. Many residents of the country have switched from land and sea transport to faster and more comfortable air transportation. Indonesia, like other countries, was severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Further development of transport depends on how quickly the country recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic and how effectively the authorities deal with its consequences.
ROUTS OF AFGAN’S DRUG TRAFFIC (END OF XX CENTURY – BEGINNING OF XXI CENTURY)
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Mitrofanenkova Olga
Published: March 2021

The article focuses on features of afghan drug traffic routs. Author also highlights influence of economic and geographical position of Afghanistan on forming of drug trafficking routs. The role of border guard service in drug traffic is also analyzed in the article. The article cites not only main drug traffic routs, but also it cites the process of forming and evolution. Special attention is also paid to trafficking drugs with the Internet.
PULL FACTORS OF LABOR MIGRATION FROM THE ARAB WORLD TO EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Sarabiev Aleksei
Published: March 2021

Pull factors (“attracting”) of labor migration to Europe are considered in application to migrants from Arab countries. Features of Arab labor migration and socioeconomic adaptation of Arabs in Europe are given. According to the author’s classification of pull factors, they are grouped into three groups: selection stage factors, conditional dominants, and extra- economic factors. Each of the groups, or levels, is preferred for a certain category of potential migrants. Special characteristics of Arab Diaspora business networks in European countries are revealed. The author describes an approach to labor migrants, in which they are considered not only as a labor force, but as social capital, which is in demand, first of all, within these networks. The problems of socio- cultural adaptation and economic integration are presented in the light of changes in the pull factors of migration. The key to solving a number of problems along this path is, according to the author, moving towards the withdrawal of business networks of Arab diasporas from their objective self-isolation, their focus on themselves and the business networks of their countries of origin as well in response to the unfamiliar and sometimes closed business environment in the host countries.