bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic options for ampullary carcinomas. A review
Authors: Regalla Dileep Kumar Reddy , Jacob Rojymon , Manne Ashish , Paluri Ravi Kumar
Published: September 2019

Ampullary Carcinoma arises from a histologically heterogeneous region where three different epithelia converge. Even though Ampullary Carcinoma has a superior prognosis compared to pancreatic and biliary ductal neoplasms, at least half of the patients turn up at an advanced stage that limits the treatment prospects. In addition to surgery for early-stage disease, several studies have shown that chemoradiotherapy confers additional benefits in the management of Ampullary Carcinoma. Analogously, chemotherapy plays a crucial role in treating advanced Ampullary Carcinoma with distant metastasis/recurrences. Although, stage of the disease, lymph node status, and histo-morphology are three critical prognostic variables, recently much attention is being placed on the genetic landscape of Ampullary Carcinoma. In this review, we have discussed various studies describing the role of chemoradiation and chemotherapy in the treatment of early and advanced stage Ampullary Carcinoma. Also, we have summarized the molecular landscape of Ampullary Carcinoma and the novel therapeutic strategies which could possibly target the genetic alterations involving the tumor cells.
Influence of blood contamination and decontamination procedures on bond strength of a two-step etch and rinse adhesive system
Authors: Lund Rafael Guerra , Da Silveira Isadora Augusta , Ribeiro Juliana Silva , Rubin Dayane , Peralta Sonia Luque , Cuevas-Suárez Carlos Enrique , Piva Evandro
Published: September 2019

Purpose: This study evaluated the effect of blood contamination and decontamination procedures performed at different stages of bonding, on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of an etch-and-rinse adhesive to dentin. Materials and Methods: Standardized cylindrical cavities were prepared in bovine incisors and were randomly divided into five groups, each one was treated using these experimental conditions – Control: etching-rinsing/bonding without blood contamination; Group 1: etching-rising/blood contamination/decontamination/bonding; Group 2: etching-rising/bonding/blood contamination/decontamination; Group 3: etching-rising/bonding/blood contamination/decontamination/etching-rising/bonding; and Group 4: etching-rising/blood contamination/decontamination/etching-rising/bonding. Specimens were prepared for μTBS and were evaluated both immediately and after 6 months of storage in distilled water. Results: Blood contamination significantly reduced the μTBS (P < 0.001). Groups 2 and 3 showed the lowest μTBS values, both for 24 h and 6 month aging. Conclusions: Blood contamination tested at any of the different stages of the bonding procedure showed a negative effect on the μTBS. Recovering adhesion of blood-contaminated dentin did not depend only on cleaning with distilled water.
Optimizing function and esthetics in an adult patient with a complete crossbite
Authors: Antelo Oscar Mario , Tessarollo Fábio Rafael , Niwa Marcio Furtado , Bastos Susiane Queiroz , Tanaka Orlando Motohiro
Published: September 2019

This case report describes the treatment of a 32-year-old woman with anterior and bilateral posterior crossbite, skeletal Class II and dental Class III relationship, with the removal of widely decayed teeth. Treatment options included orthognathic surgery, rapid maxillary expansion (RME), and orthodontic treatment associated with implant and prosthesis. The patient opted for nonsurgical treatment, without RME, extraction of the affected teeth by extensive caries lesions, closure of the remaining spaces by dental movement, and single-crown implant prosthesis.
Prophylactic salpingectomy and ovarian cancer: An evidence-based analysis
Authors: Anggraeni Tricia Dewi , Al Fattah Adly Nanda , Raymond Surya
Published: September 2019

Introduction: One of the ovarian carcinogenesis theories was the presence of premalignant cells in the epithelium of the fallopian tube. Therefore, the prophylactic salpingectomy during benign gynecological surgery is now expected as the attempt to reduce the ovarian cancer incidence. We studied the effect of prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy (PBS) in reducing the ovarian cancer incidence. Methods: This evidence-based report resulted from critical appraisal of 5 articles. It is aimed to answer our clinical question, can bilateral prophylactic salpingectomy reduce the incidence of ovarian cancer among women underwent hysterectomy for benign condition or permanent contraception surgery? The search was conducted on the Cochrane Library®, PubMed®, and Embase® using keywords of “prophylactic salpingectomy,” and “ovarian cancer incidence.” Reference lists of relevant articles were searched for other possibly relevant articles. Results: Five studies were included in our appraisal. The incidence of ovarian cancer among women underwent prophylactic salpingectomy is lower compared to women who were not underwent any intervention (2.2% to 13% and 4.75% to 24.4%). The salpingectomy may reduce 29.2% to 64% of ovarian cancer incidence. No significant effect of PBS to ovarian function, quality of life, sexuality, surgery duration, and its cost-effective profile were also found throughout our literature study. Conclusion: PBS is suggested to be performed for women during benign gynecological surgery as a primary preventive strategy of ovarian cancer. PBS is a cost-effective procedure, risk-reducing for ovarian cancer and has no significant effect to the ovarian function.
Translation and validation of European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer quality of life questionnaire-OV-28 module into Indian languages (Hindi and Marathi) to study quality of life of ovarian cancer patients from a tertiary care cancer center
Authors: Bajpai Jyoti , Panda Pankaj Kumar , Kagwade Shraddha , Govilkar Madhavi , Velaskar Shruti , Kembhavi Yogesh , Gupta Sudeep , Ghosh Jaya , Deodhar Jayita
Published: September 2019

Aim: The aim is to translate and validate the European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer (EORTC) ovarian cancer (OC) module (OV-28) into Hindi and Marathi to use for patients and scientific community. Methods and Results: The EORTC OV-28 was translated into Hindi and Marathi languages using prescribed guidelines by the EORTC. The process included forward translation by four translators (2 each for Hindi and Marathi). The questionnaires obtained were then given to independent backward-translators who then translated them back into English. These 2 questionnaires were then compared with the original EORTC questionnaire and the second intermediate questionnaires were formed. The second intermediate questionnaire was subsequently administered in twenty patients (10 each for Hindi and Marathi) diagnosed with OC who had never seen the questionnaire before, for pilot testing. Each of these ten patients after filling up the questionnaire themselves was then interviewed for any difficulty encountered during the filling up of the questionnaires. These were in the form of specific modules including difficulty in answering, confusion while answering, and difficulty to understand, whether the questions were upsetting and if patients would have asked the question in any different way. The suggestions were incorporated into the second intermediate questionnaires to form the final Hindi and Marathi ON-28 questionnaires. These questionnaires were then sent to the EORTC for the final approval to be used in clinical studies. Conclusion: We have successfully translated EORTC OV-28 module into Hindi and Marathi languages, and EORTC approved them to be used in clinical practice and studies for OC patients.
Epidemiology of liver cancer in Nile delta over a decade: A single-center study
Authors: Abd-Elsalam Sherief , Elwan Nadia , Soliman Hanan , Ziada Dina , Elkhalawany Walaa , Salama Marwa , Hawash Nehad , Arafa Mona , Badawi Rehab , Shehata Walaa M. , Khalil Haidy S. , Elmashad Nehal
Published: September 2019

Background: In Egypt, there has been a remarkable increase in the proportion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among chronic liver diseases patients. This rising proportion may be explained by the increasing risk factors as hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, improvement of the diagnostic tools of HCC as well as the extended survival among patients with cirrhosis to allow time for some of them to develop HCC. The aim of this study was to study the epidemiology of HCC in Nile delta over the last decade. Methods: The study was carried out on patients diagnosed as HCC in liver cancer clinic in Tanta University Hospital, Egypt, from January 2005 to January 2015. This retrospective study reviewed the files of HCC patients with special stress on age, sex, residence, occupation, smoking, and viral markers. Results: Over the last decade, 1440 HCC patients were diagnosed or referred to liver cancer clinic in Tropical Medicine Department in Tanta University Hospital from January 2005 to January 2015. The mean age of HCC patients was 56.13 ± 9.53 years. Nearly, half of the patients with HCC were smokers and quarter of HCC patients were diabetics. HBV surface antigen-positive patients were only 3.26%, and the majority of patients were HCV-Ab positive (94.86% of patients). Conclusions: In Nile delta, hepatitis C rather than hepatitis B was linked to the development of HCC in our region which may be related to the high prevalence of HCV in this area.
On SO(3)-bundles over the Wolf spaces
Authors: Fernández Marisa , Muñoz Vicente , Sánchez Jonatan
Published: September 2019

We study the formality of the total space of principal SU(2) and SO(3)-bundles over a Wolf space, that is a symmetric positive quaternionic Kähler manifold. We apply this to conclude that all the 3-Sasakian homogeneous spaces are formal. We also determine the principal SU(2) and SO(3)-bundles over the Wolf spaces whose total space is non-formal.
A Study of Highest Nuchal Line in North Indian Crania
Authors: Zaidi SHH
Published: September 2019

Studies of nonmetric cranial variants have been a field of considerable interest to research workers especially because of their racial and regional importance.

Eighteen North Indian skulls of Uttar Pradesh were studied for the highest nuchal line a cranial variant in the present study. Findings are discussed and compared with other global studies and are found to be of considerable regional and racial significance.

How to cite this article

Zaidi SHH. A Study of Highest Nuchal Line in North Indian Crania. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(1):7-8.
Gestational Gigantomastia: A Rarity
Authors: Agrawal Lata , Premi HK , Shakya Disha , Gupta Tripti
Published: September 2019

Hypertrophy of the breast is a rare medical condition of breast connective tissue. It is listed as a ‘rare disease’ by the ‘Office of Rare Diseases’ of National Institute of Health (NIH). A woman aged 20 years presented to our antenatal clinic in her first pregnancy at 23 weeks of gestation with excessive enlargement of breasts since conception. Although its etiology has yet to be clarified, it has been associated with the response of breast receptors to gestational hormones. Gestational gigantomastia is a complication whose etiology and pathogenesis have yet to be fully clarified. However it has been speculated that placental hormones may trigger the condition.

How to cite this article

Shakya D, Gupta T, Agrawal L, Premi HK. Gestational Gigantomastia: A Rarity. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(1):13-14.
Giant Lipoma of the Arm and Axilla
Authors: Shishodia Atul , Sharan Jagadamba , Chahal Manjeet Singh
Published: September 2019

A lipoma is a common tumor arising from fat cells and can occur anywhere in the body.

How to cite this article

Shishodia A Sharan J Chahal MS. Giant Lipoma of the Arm and Axilla. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(1):18-19.
Unusual Presentation of Penile Filariasis
Authors: Shishodia Atul , Sharan Jagadamba , Chahal Manjit Singh , Popat Ankur
Published: September 2019

Filariasis is a common disease of the tropics. Penoscrotal filariasis is a common presentation within various parts of India.

How to cite this article

Sharan J, Chahal MS, Shishodia A, Popat A. Unusual Presentation of Penile Filariasis. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(1):25-26.
An Unusual and Rare Case of Tubal Stump Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Premi HK , Dahiya Sonika , Misra Akanksha , Mukherjee Shobha
Published: September 2019

An ectopic or extrauterine pregnancy is one in which the blastocyst implants anywhere other than the endometrial lining of uterine cavity. The incidence of ectopic pregnancy in remnant tubal stump is rare. We describe such an unusual case of tubal stump ectopic pregnancy.

How to cite this article

Akanksha M, Mukherjee S, Premi HK, Dahiya S. An Unusual and Rare Case of Tubal Stump Ectopic Pregnancy. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(1): 30-31.
Tuberculous Otitis Media with Facial Paralysis
Authors: Srivastava Abhinav , Bhardwaj Prashant
Published: September 2019

Tuberculous otitis media (TOM) can be difficult to diagnose because of its rarity, variable signs and symptoms, and nonspecific manifestations compared with other types of chronic otitis media (COM). Half of the cases have no other evidence of present or past infection, and its diagnosis is often delayed due to the rarity of this disease or its usually indolent course. A middle-aged female came with complaints of left-sided progressive facial weakness, intermittent left ear discharge, evening rise of fever, and hearing loss for 8 months and with a history of chronic cough, loss of appetite, and weight loss for last 1 month. On physical examination, she had left-sided grade V facial paralysis as per House–Brackmann grading system. X-ray of the chest showed prominent hilar shadow with cavitary lesion. A temporal bone computed tomography (CT) scan revealed left-sided mastoiditis. Sputum was found to be positive for acid-fast bacillus. Granulations with cheesy material were present in the mastoid cavity, which were positive for acid-fast bacillus with epithelioid giant cells. During the surgery, dehiscence of the fallopian canal was located in the second genu. The patient responded to antitubercular treatment.

How to cite this article

Bhardwaj P, Mohan C, Srivastava A. Tuberculous Otitis Media with Facial Paralysis. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(2):69-71.
Radiology of Aneurysmal Bone Cyst at Uncommon Locations: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Tyagi Sagar , Hans Parveen , Mohan Virinder
Published: September 2019

Aneurysmal bone cyst is a cystic lesion that mimics a true neoplasm clinically and radiologically. They are most commonly located in the metaphysis of the long bones, and their occurrence in the calcaneum and transverse process of vertebra has rarely been reported. Aneurysmal bone cyst has various differential diagnoses and histopathology is needed to confirm the diagnosis. Although aggressive, these benign lesions require simple curettage and bone grafting. However, a recurrence rate of up to 59% is reported and needs continuous follow-up. Two cases of aneurysmal bone cyst diagnosed based on X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging in one of the cases and subsequent correlation with histopathology are reported in this communication. The literature on the subject is scanty and hence the report.

How to cite this article

Tyagi S, Hans P, Kumar H, Mohan V. Radiology of Aneurysmal Bone Cyst at Uncommon Locations: Report of Two Cases. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(2):72-74.
Anesthesia for a Patient on Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
Authors: Singh Ram P , Agrawal Richa
Published: September 2019

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors are frequently used for multidrug-resistant major depression, which is emerging as an epidemic in the modern era. Anesthesia during chronic use of MAO inhibitors is a matter of debate because of increased risk of drug interactions with various anesthetic drugs. Cardiac disorders contribute to perioperative and postoperative complications. Recent studies illustrate the safety of anesthesia without discontinuation of MAO inhibitors if sympathetic homeostasis is maintained and known drug interactions are avoided. In this case study, a 72-year-old male psychiatric patient on permanent treatment with tranylcypromine (30 mg/day) was admitted for bipolar hemiarthroplasty. After complete aseptic precautions, spinal anesthesia was achieved by 12.5 mg 0.5% heavy bupivacaine and 30 μg clonidine intrathecally. The anesthetic effect was adequate, but surgery was not completed timely and the effect of spinal anesthesia was weaned off, so general anesthesia was given and surgery was completed. There was no perioperative or postoperative complication. In conclusion, general or regional anesthesia for noncardiac surgery without discontinuation of MAO inhibitors may be safe after careful preoperative evaluation of the patient.

How to cite this article

Krishan G, Singh RP, Agrawal M, Agrawal R. Anesthesia for a Patient on Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(2):81-83.
Neglected Foreign Body in Retropharyngeal Space presenting with Infected Pharyngocutaneous Sinus
Authors: Ahmad Shahzad , Kuchhal Vaibhav
Published: September 2019

We present an unusual case of a foreign body, a hard wooden piece measuring 4 cm, in the retropharyngeal space. The patient presented with discharging sinus just below the angle of mandible left side. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan helped to make the diagnosis. Neck exploration was done under general anesthesia and sinus tract was seen in the parapharyngeal space. The tract was passing between the carotid artery and the internal jugular vein and going to the retropharyngeal space. The wooden piece was removed from the sinus tract and the tract was dissected out. The neurovascular structure was intact.

We highlight the importance of contrast-enhanced CT scan and three-dimensional (3D) CT images for preoperative evaluation of the locational relationship between the foreign body and great vessels in the neck region. The external approach is more convenient because it provides adequate exposure of neurovascular structure in the neck.

How to cite this article

Ahmad S, Kuchhal V. Neglected Foreign Body in Retropharyngeal Space presenting with Infected Pharyngocutaneous Sinus. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(2):84-85.
Atomic Emission Spectroelectrochemistry: Real-Time Rate Measurements of Dissolution, Corrosion, and Passivation
Authors: Ogle Kevin
Published: September 2019

Atomic emission spectroelectrochemistry (AESEC) is a relatively novel technique that gives real-time elemental dissolution rates for a material/electrolyte combination, either reacting spontaneously or with electrochemical polarization. This methodology gives direct insight into questions such as how specific elements of an alloy interact with one another, or how specific additives in a surface treatment solution will affect different alloying elements or different phases. This paper discusses AESEC instrumentation and presents the basic quantitative relationships between the electrochemical and spectroscopic measurements. A wide range of applications are used to illustrate these relationships including the surface pretreatment of aluminum alloys (etching and deoxidation) and the passivation of Fe-Cr and Ni-Cr alloys. The focus is on the use of in-line inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), although a brief discussion of similar techniques using in-line inductively coupled mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) is included.
Using megaproject performance outcomes to enhance decision-making behaviors in civil engineering graduates
Authors: Lester Danielle , Torero Jose
Published: September 2019

A comprehensive review of megaproject performance propositioned the issues leading to project failure as behavioral. Project failure linked cost overruns and schedule delays to acts of delusion and deception, citing the ability to learn lessons, and the misalignment of incentives as influencing factors. A mixed-methods study was designed to gain insight into the decision-making behaviors of undergraduate civil engineers, and the role that education could play in enhancing decision-making. A co-curricular intervention led to qualitative exploration of decision-making in civil engineering undergraduates. Motivation featured heavily, particularly a conflict between interest and enjoyment, and the reward structures of traditional education and industry. Results led to a quantitative measure of intrinsic motivation and critical thinking ability. Findings from the educational environment have implications for industry and led to recommendations regarding the importance of autonomy and relatedness, to a megaproject environment.
GIS-based earthquake-triggered-landslide susceptibility mapping with an integrated weighted index model in Jiuzhaigou region of Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Yi Yaning , Zhang Zhijie , Zhang Wanchang , Xu Qi , Deng Cai , Li Qilun
Published: September 2019

Abstract. A Mw=6.5 earthquake struck the Jiuzhaigou region of
Sichuan Province, China, at 21:19 LT on Tuesday, 8 August 2017, and triggered a large number of landslides. For mitigating the damages of earthquake-triggered landslides to individuals and infrastructures of the earthquake-affected region, a comprehensive landslide susceptibility mapping was attempted with an integrated weighted index model by combining the frequency ratio and the analytical hierarchy process approaches under a GIS-based environment in the heavily earthquake-affected Zhangzha town of the Jiuzhaigou region. For this purpose, a total number of 842 earthquake-triggered landslides were visually interpreted and located from Sentinel-2A images acquired before and after the earthquake at first, and then the recognized landslides were randomly split into two groups to establish the earthquake-triggered landslide inventory, among which 80 % of the landslides were used for training the integrated model and the remaining 20 % for validation. Nine landslide controlling factors were considered including slope, aspect, elevation, lithology, distance from faults, distance from rivers, land use–land cover, normalized difference vegetation index and peak ground acceleration. The frequency ratio was utilized to evaluate the contribution of each landslide controlling factor to landslide occurrence, and the analytical hierarchy process was used to analyse the mutual relationship between landslide controlling factors.
Finally, the landslide susceptibility map was produced by using weighted
overlay analysis. Furthermore, an area under the curve approach was adopted
to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the integrated weighted index
model, including the degree of model fit and model predictive capability.
The results demonstrated the reliability and feasibility of the integrated
weighted index model in earthquake-triggered landslide susceptibility
mapping at a regional scale. The generated map can help engineers and decision
makers assess and mitigate hazards of the earthquake-triggered landslides to
individuals and infrastructures of the earthquake-affected region.
New approaches to modelling of local seismic amplification susceptibility using direct characteristics of influencing criteria: case study of Bam City, Iran
Authors: Hassanzadeh Reza , Honarmand Mehdi , Hossienjani Zadeh Mahdieh , Naseri Farzin
Published: September 2019

Abstract. This paper proposes a new model in evaluating local seismic amplification
susceptibility by considering direct characteristics of influencing criteria
and it deals with uncertainty of modelling through production of fuzzy
membership functions for each criterion. For this purpose, relevant criteria
were identified by reviewing previous literature. These criteria include
alluvial thickness, stiffness and strength of alluvial deposits, type of
soil and particle size distribution of alluvial deposits, depth of
groundwater, type of rock, topographic irregularities, slope, and type of
bedrock. Two methods, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy logic (FL), were applied in order to define priority rank of each criterion and sub-criteria of each criterion through interview data of 10 experts. The criteria and sub-criteria were combined using the weighted linear combination method in GIS to develop a model for assessing local seismic amplification susceptibility in the study area of Bam City, Iran. The model's output demonstrated high to very high seismic amplification levels in central, eastern, northeastern, and northern parts of the study area. The validation results based on overall accuracy and kappa statistics showed 73.6 % accuracy, with 0.74 kappa indicating a good fit to the model's output. This model assists planners and decision makers in determining local seismic amplification susceptibility to be incorporated in designing new development plans of urban and rural areas and in making informed decisions regarding safety measures of existing buildings and infrastructures.
Principios del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la guitarra flamenca fundamentada en su transmisión oral
Authors: Calahorro Arjona Manuel Ángel
Published: September 2019

La música flamenca; con una clara reminiscencia popular producto del influjo de diferentes pueblos y culturas que han estado en contacto con Andalucía; presenta una serie de características musicales de tal singularidad que le proporcionan un sello de identidad inconfundible. Por el carácter popular que la caracteriza; la transmisión oral siempre ha sido en ella un rasgo destacado. Esa transmisión oral se traduce en toda una metodología tradicional y una serie de procedimientos sobre los que se han fundamentado el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de este arte; cuestión en torno a la cual trataremos en este artículo. Mediante el testimonio oral de artistas que gozan de un notable prestigio en el mundo flamenco actual; establecemos un conjunto de procedimientos que forman parte de esa metodología tradicional y que deberán ir anejos a la enseñanza de este instrumento; ya sea dentro o fuera de un contexto legislado como el conservatorio.
Moving Towards Self-actualization: A Trauma-Informed and Needs-Focused Approach to the Mental Health Needs of Survivors of Commercial Child Sexual Exploitation
Authors: Laser-Maira Julie Anne , Peach Donna , Hounmenou Charles E.
Published: September 2019

There is increasing evidence that children who are subject to commercial child sexual exploitation (CCSE) are likely to experience complex mental health needs. Failure to address the trauma experienced by victims of CCSE can lead to suicide attempts, self-harm, and long-term mental health needs (Powell, Asbill, Louis, & Stoklosa, 2018). A ‘trauma-informed’ approach (TIA) creates a responsive environment that improves the motivation of victims of CCSE to seek treatment and service providers to address unmet needs. Merging Maslow’s (1943) hierarchy of needs with a TIA approach provides a comprehensive framework to assess the service requirements necessary to meet CCSE survivors’ needs. Particularly, when Maslow’s hierarchy of needs model is coupled with contemporary extensions, which address our greater understanding of the neurological impact of abuse on physiological well-being greater resilience can be created. Additionally, a TIA instigates a shift from victims of CCSE being viewed as damaged, to an understanding of the impact abusive experiences have had on their development. That approach permits them and others to perceive their “survivorhood” and develop their capacity to achieve self-actualization. This paper critically examines what is constituted as best practice in trauma-informed mental health service delivery to not only meet needs but to support CCSE survivors’ attainment of self-actualization.
Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia and heart failure: A case report and bowel ischemia imaging
Authors: Cristina Pereira Martins Ana , Ribeiro Pedro
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Mesenteric ischemia is caused by blood flow that is insufficient to meet the metabolic demands of visceral organs. When severe and prolonged, it leads to intestinal necrosis, and eventually patient death. Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia comprises all forms of mesenteric ischemia with patent mesenteric vessels. Many etiologies have been associated: shock, heart failure, use of vasopressors. A high index of suspicion is required, since initial symptoms are vague, being the most common a gradually worsening abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) angiography makes the diagnosis, showing signs of bowel ischemia in the face of patent mesenteric vessels. Treatment is based on correction of the underlying cause, supportive therapy, vasodilation, and surgery. Even when treated, nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia has a mortality rate of 73–86%, being the deadliest type of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI).

Case Report: The authors present a challenging case of AMI, in an elderly woman, with multiple cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities. In the light of the clinical picture and the absence of mesenteric vessels obstruction, in the abdominal CT, a nonocclusive cause due to heart failure was diagnosed. However, the patient already presented with imagiological signs of advanced bowel ischemia (aeroportia and pneumatosis intestinalis), associated with a poor prognosis and a high mortality that confirmed itself.

Conclusion: This case highlights the challenges in the diagnosis of AMI, particularly when a nonocclusive cause is involved, being a clear example of the high suspicion index necessary, of the difficulties of treatment and of the poor prognosis associated.
Determination of Attitude Levels of Teachers Working in School for Disabled Students Toward the Sportive Activities of Mentally Disabled Individuals (Muş Province Example)
Authors: ZENGİN Serkan
Published: September 2019

The main aim of this study is to determine what factors affect the attitudes of teachers working in the special education school toward their occupations. In this study, effect of teachers was investigated in terms of gender, teaching domains, sports branches and age. It was carried out with the participations of totally 40 special education teachers working in the body of Mus Province National Education in 2018-2019 education-training year. The scale of attitude toward the sportive activities of mentally disabled individuals was developed by İlhan, Esentürk, and Yarımkaya (2016) (ZEBSEYTÖ). Validity and Reliability working sample was used. SPSS 23.0 package program was used in the analysis of data obtained and finding of the calculated values. It was determined that data do not show normal distribution by performing test of normality. For this reason, Mann Whitney-U test was used for the pairwise independent groups, error margin was taken 0.05 in this study. Once the attitude scale sub-dimensions were examined, no statistically significant difference was found between the genders. When the sub-dimensions of attitude scale were examined, no statistically significant difference was found between whether the participants engage in a sports branch or not. Significant difference was not seen in the participants in terms of doing sports and age.
A Community-Based Social Marketing Strategy to Prevent HIV and Fight Stigma
Authors: Brescia Valerio , Caratù Myriam , Scaioli Giacomo
Published: September 2019

There is evidence that Public Service Announcements are a crucial tool in reducing stigma and call for people to overtly seek help for their illnesses (Corrigan, Powell, Al-Khouja, 2015). In this frame, the study analyses the elements that must be present in a campaign to prevent HIV and the stigma of HIV + people, in order to redefine the essential elements in the search for effectiveness and efficiency. This campaign created for the city of Turin (Italy) represents a useful example to analyse the different phases and desired outcomes of a communication campaign. To our knowledge, this is the first European study to use data collected during a community-based activity on HIV / AIDS testing in order to build an effective communication campaign. The analysis was conducted on both quantitative and qualitative aspects of the campaign. To conduct the analysis, the literature on social marketing is analyzed in association with epidemiological and economic elements. A campaign based on community-based elements with the involvement of non-profit organizations leads to positive and innovative effects both in terms of communication and realization and relapses according to the process defined by the social marketing strategy. The statistical analysis shows a relationship between those who take the rapid test at the non-profit organization and the HIV test for the first time, demonstrating the effectiveness of the prevention campaign in the population that does not belong to the health system.
Semi-automated Phenotyping of Soybean Seedlings and Its Relation With Physiological Seed Quality
Authors: Silva Jackson Araújo da , Medeiros André Dantas de , Pinheiro Daniel Teixeira , Pereira Marcio Dias , Silva Laércio Junio da , Ribeiro João Paulo , Ferreira Kamylla Calzolari , Gomes Izabelle Rodrigues Ferreira
Published: September 2019

The development of procedures enabling agility and effectiveness to the analyses of seed vigor are great advances for the seed research field. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the efficiency of the Seedling Analysis System (SAPL®) to seedling phenotyping and determining the physiological potential of soybean seeds, in comparison with the information provided by traditional vigor tests recommended for this species. The characterizing of physiological potential of the seed lots was carried out based on germination tests, first germination count, seedling emergence, cold test, and electrical conductivity. The results of these tests were compared with the data obtained using image analysis with the software SAPL®, which was used to evaluate the development seven- day old seedlings. It was obtained the length of shoot, primary root and entire seedling, growth rates, uniformity, vigor index and corrected vigor index, based on different variations of the growth/uniformity ratio, namely 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, in the vigor index calculation. Analysis of images of the seven-day old seedlings using SAPL® enables phenotyping of soybean seedlings and is a consistent and promising alternative for identifying differences in vigor between soybean seed lots, equivalent to that found with traditional vigor tests.
Nutritional Efficiency and Nutrient Acumulation of Maize Cultivated in Soils With High Al-KCl Content
Authors: Cunha Gabriel Octávio de Mello , Almeida Jaime Antonio de , Souza Clovis Arruda , Ernani Paulo Roberto
Published: September 2019

Most Brazilian soils are weathered and acidic, generally with exchangeable aluminum levels toxic to plants. Aluminum content can exceed 10 cmolc kg-1 in certain soils, but does not interfere in plant nutrient absorption, transport and accumulation. This study aimed to assess whether the high aluminum levels extracted with 1 mol L-1 KCl solution affect the nutritional efficiency of maize plants grown in acidic soils in areas of Brazilian states (AC: profile 9, PE, SC and RS) never before cultivated. To that end, two greenhouse experiments were performed (soybean: 45 days and maize: 60 days) with increasing levels of lime (0; 25; 50 and 100% H+Al content). After the experiments and collection, chemical analyses were conducted to characterize the soils and determine the chemical composition of the maize plants. The Al levels did not interfere in maize plants, nutrient absorption, transport, use or accumulation in AC9 and Rosario do Sul (RS) soils, but did affect those cultivated in PE, BR and CB soils in treatments without lime. The absence of Al toxicity is related to the increased concentration and activity of basic cations and P in the soil solution.
Planting Densities and Forms of Potassium Fertilization in the Development of Edamame (Glycine max (L.) Merril) Cultivation
Authors: Siqueira Raphael Henrique da Silva , Smiderle Oscar José , Neto João Luiz Lopes Monteiro , Maia Sonicley da Silva , Oliveira Railin Rodrigues de , Silva Edgley Soares da , Iuit Carlos Enrique Canche , Matos Kedma da Silva , Abanto-Rodriguez Carlos
Published: September 2019

The edamame is the soybean harvested in the R6 phenological period when the seed in green. That is the reason of its name, Green Soybean. To evaluate the influence of different planting densities and two types of potassium fertilizer on the agronomic components of the edamame cultivar BR 9452273, an experiment was conducted in the municipality of Boa Vista-RR between early 2015 and March 2016. The experimental design was a complete randomized block design in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme with four plant densities (140, 160, 200 and 240 thousand plants ha-1) and two forms of potassium fertilization in the last split-application (potassium chloride-KCl (control) and a Leaf fertilizer-K-20) on the same concentration (30 kg ha-1) for both treatments, with three replicates. Plant cultivation variables were evaluated, as well aspod productivity and the reproductive and maturation periods of the plants. Based on the results obtained, the BR-9452273 edamame lineage showed early growth and maturation under local edaphoclimatic conditions, with reproductive and maturation periods of 24 and 73 days after planting, respectively. Plant height and the insertion of the first pod, the diameter of the stem, and pod number in a sample of 500 g were affected by the joint action of the evaluated factors. Green pod yield and total biomass were favored by both higher and lower density, which alongside the application of KCl, were the most effective treatments for production of edamame in the Cerrado of Roraima.
Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae to Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Effects on Adult Longevity
Authors: Chaneiko Sandra M. , Brida Andressa L. de , Bassa Pedro G. , Telles Marco H. F. , Santos Luana A. dos , Pereira Daniela I. B. , Pereira Roberto M. , Garcia Flávio R. M.
Published: September 2019

Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) is among the most important fruit pests in South America, and the use of entomopathogenic fungi is considered a promising alternative for its control. The objective of this work was to evaluate the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin on larvae and pupae of A. fraterculus, along with fungal effects on adult fly longevity. Fungal inoculations, fly larvae or pupae were placed in Petri dishes with 1 mL/plate, and the concentrations of 10, 15, 20 and 25 grams of commercial product/liter of water. Controls received water only. To evaluate the residual effect on adult flies, emerging adults were transferred to clean arenas and the adult longevity was monitored. Beauveria bassiana and M. anisopliae caused 93.3 and 96.7% larval mortality and 14.0 and 15.0% pupal mortality, respectively. The estimated LC50 and LC90 values were 22.56 and 40.87 g/L for B. bassiana, and of 23.45 and 42.02 g/L for M. anisopliae. Infected adult insects had shorter longevity than non-infected insects, with mean survival of 8.0 and 83.5 days for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively.
Postharvest Quality of Beetroots Grown Under Different Irrigation Depths and Ascorbic Acid Doses
Authors: Gonçalves Anderson Carlos de Melo , Silva Toshik Iarley da , Filho José Sebastião de Melo , Moura Joana Gomes de , Sousa Leonardo Vieira de , Veras Mário Leno Martins , Pereira Walter Esfrain , Neto Álvaro Carlos Gonçalves , Dias Thiago Jardelino , Albuquerque José de Anchieta Alves de
Published: September 2019

Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) is a culture of great demand in Brazil due to its high nutritional value. However, water availability is a determining factor on its production. An alternative to reduce the damage caused by water stress is to apply organic solutes, such as ascorbic acid. The purpose hereof was to evaluate the postharvest quality of beetroots grown under different irrigation depths and ascorbic acid doses. The experiment was carried out in the Human, Social, and Agricultural Center’s Postharvest Physiology and Technology Laboratory of the Federal University of Paraíba, Bananeiras, Paraíba, Brazil, in a completely randomized design with five doses of ascorbic acid (0.00, 0.29, 1.00, 1.71, and 2.00 mM) and five irrigation depths (40.0%, 51.6%, 80.0%, 108.4%, and 120.0% of the evapotranspiration), combined according to each Box Central Compound experimental matrix, totaling nine treatments with five repetitions. The variables total soluble solids, electrical conductivity, hydrogenation potential, titratable acidity, total soluble solids and titratable acidity ratio, moisture, dry matter, and mineral matter were evaluated. The data were submitted for analysis of variance and polynomial regression. There was a significant interaction between the irrigation depths and the ascorbic acid doses in every variable, except for electrical conductivity and mineral matter. The postharvest characteristics of beetroots improved with applications of ascorbic acid doses in the thinner irrigation depths. The greatest dose of ascorbic acid (2 mM) in the thinner irrigation depth (40%) increases the postharvest quality of beet tuberous roots.
Growth and Quality of Genotype PS-1319 Cacao Seedlings Produced Under Different Irrigation Depths
Authors: Silveira Stefany Sampaio , Posse Robson Prucoli , Silva Sophia Machado Ferreira da , Oliveira Vinicius de Souza , Valani Francielly , Partelli Regiane Lima , Trindade Inês de Moura , Souza Carlos Alberto Spaggiari , Posse Sheila Cristina Prucoli , Costa Geilson Silva , Schmildt Omar , Schmildt Edilson Romais
Published: September 2019

Due to the lack of information on the water demand of cocoa seedlings, empirical techniques have been used in the supply of water to the seedlings, potentializing losses in their growth and development. In this context, the present study aimed to determine the optimal irrigation depth for a good development of the genotype PS-1319 cocoa seedlings. The study took place at the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo-Campus Itapina, located in the Colatina, a city situated in the northwestern region of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, in an experimental greenhouse of the campus, between October 20 and December 15, 2017. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) using 20 seedlings of the genotype PS-1319 cacao per treatment. The treatments consisted of daily applications of six irrigation depths, corresponding to 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 mm d-1, being evaluated their effects on the morphological parameters (leaf area; dry mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the root system and total dry mass; height of the aerial part and stem diameter) and the quality (Dickson quality index). The applied depths interfered, both in the development and the quality of the seedlings, with quadratic adjustments for the leaf area, dry mass of the aerial part and total dry mass, diameter and for the Dickson quality index. The best responses to the studied parameters were provided by the 8.33 mm d-1 depth, which is recommended as an ideal for production of genotype PS-1319 cacao seedlings.
Minor Surgery in Primary Care
Authors: Maria Arribas Blanco Jose , Elgeadi Saleh Wafa , Chavero Méndez Belén , Alvargonzalez Arrancudiaga María
Published: September 2019

Minor surgical procedures are defined as a set of procedures in which short surgical techniques are applied on superficial tissues, usually with local anesthesia, and minimal complications, that usually do not require postoperative resuscitation and need minimal equipment, many of which are used on a daily basis, and can be easily and safely performed in a short amount of time during clinic visit. General practitioners should have an optimal infrastructure and medical furniture in a minor surgery operating room. It is important to manage the instruments and materials involved for basic and advanced surgery. Also, for a good clinical practice in minor surgery, it is necessary that general practitioners handle anesthesia techniques (local anesthetic infiltration and regional blocks) and have knowledge of the body areas of risk in minor surgery and the topographic anatomy of the skin for the right performance of surgical procedure. The patients should be informed about the procedure and its technical details before asking them to sign the informed consent form.
Do We Manipulate Photons or Diffractive EM Waves to Generate Structured Light?
Authors: Roychoudhuri ChandraSekhar
Published: September 2019

In the domain of light emissions, quantum mechanics has been an immensely successful guiding tool for us. In the propagation of light and optical instrument design, Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral (HFDI) (or its advanced versions) and Maxwell’s wave equation are continuing to be the essential guiding tools for optical scientists and engineers. In fact, most branches of optical science and engineering, like optical instrument design, image processing, Fourier optics, Holography, etc., cannot exist without using the foundational postulates behind the Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral. Further, the field of structured light is also growing where phases and the state of polarizations are manipulated usually with suitable classical macro-devices to create wave fronts that restructured through light-matter interactions through these devices. Mathematical modeling of generating such complex wave fronts generally follows classical concepts and classical macro tools of physical optics. Some of these complex light beams can impart mechanical angular momentum and spin-like properties to material particles inserted inside these structured beams because of their electromagnetic dipolar properties and/or structural anisotropy. Does that mean these newly structured beams have acquired new quantum properties without being generated through quantum devices and quantum transitions? In this chapter, we bridge the classical and quantum formalism by defining a hybrid photon (HP). HP is a quantum of energy, hν, at the initial moment of emission. It then immediately evolves into a classical time-finite wave packet, still transporting the original energy, hν, with a classical carrier frequency ν (oscillation of the E-vector). This chapter will raise enquiring questions whether all these observed “quantum-like” behaviors are manifestations of the joint properties of interacting material particles with classical EM waves or are causal implications of the existence of propagation of “indivisible light quanta” with exotic properties like spin, angular momentum, etc.
Seasonal Variation of Calving in Murrah Buffalo in Bihar
Authors: Potdar V.V. , Khadse J.R. , Joshi S.A. , Gaundare Y.S. , Phadke N.L. , Swaminathan M. , Pande A.B.
Published: September 2019

The present study was carried out to estimate the seasonal variation of calving in Murrah buffaloes. The study was conducted in North West alluvial plain of Bihar (Chappra, Siwan and Samastipur), of India on 773 Murrah buffaloes, and these buffaloes were inseminated during June 2010 to December 2014 at BAIF's field Artificial Insemination centres which provide door-step artificial insemination service at village's level. The result indicated that the calving of Murrah buffaloes occurred throughout the year. In Chhapra maximum calving observed in August, i.e. 17% while 14% in October. September and November 13% each. Based on season majority of calving observed between July to January. In Samastipur maximum calving observed in August 16% while in September 14 % followed by November 13% and October month 11%. Based on season majority of calving observed between July to January months. In Samastipur maximum calving observed in August 16% while in September 14% followed by November 13% and October 11%. Based on season majority of calving found between July to January months. It could be concluded that Murrah buffaloes tend to calve more in the days with shorter photoperiod as compared to days with more extended photoperiod.