bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vattimo, G. A ontologia hermenêutica na filosofia contemporânea
Authors: Debatin Gabriel
Published: October 2019

O presente texto é uma tradução da Introdução redigida por Gianni Vattimo à sua tradução para o italiano do magnum opus de Hans-Georg Gadamer, Verdade e Método. A tradução de Vattimo da obra de Gadamer foi, dentre todas as línguas, a primeira a ser realizada, e contou com a assistência do próprio autor em questões pertinentes ao processo tradutivo. Devido à primazia e à notória importância de tal tradução, sua Introdução,publicada originalmente em 1972, possui relevante mérito, constituindo verdadeiro marco nos estudos da filosofia de Gadamer. Do ponto de vista material, o texto versa principalmente sobre a posição do pensamento de Gadamer ante a tradição filosófica, sobretudo em relação ao contexto contemporâneo; ao situar a filosofia de Gadamer, fornece uma abertura interpretativa fiel e sagaz ao seu pensamento.
A metáfora da Ciência como jogo em Kuhn
Authors: Dias Elizabeth De Assis
Published: October 2019

O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar, por meio da metáfora do jogo de quebra-cabeças, o caráter da ciência no pensamento de Kuhn. Pretendemos mostrar que, além dos aspectos históricos e psicossociais que se destacam como a grande novidade de sua abordagem, há uma outra que emerge da prática da ciência normal, cujo enfoque, destoa da tradição. Trata-se da ênfase que ele dá a própria atividade de investigação da ciência, mais precisamente ao caráter dos problemas a serem pesquisados e a forma de solucioná-los.
A medicalização grotesca da vida na rua
Authors: Aldeia João
Published: October 2019

Nas últimas décadas, a intervenção sobre a vida na rua tem vindo a assumir um caráter crescentemente medicalizado, formatando-a como uma questão de anormalidade neuro-psiquiátrica individual. Com base na observação direta de diversos tipos de interações da vida na rua são discutidos vários exemplos da medicalização de condutas de sujeitos sem-abrigo. Estes deixam claro que medicalizar a vida na rua é um procedimento intrinsecamente “grotesco”, no sentido que Foucault confere ao termo, referindo-se a uma maximização dos efeitos de poder que parte da desqualificação fundamental de quem o exerce e dos seus enunciados.
Coordination polymers constructed from the 3,3′,5,5′‑biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ligand and their application for anti-lung cancer reagents
Authors: Li D. , Li L.-F. , Zhang Z.-F. , Yan J. , Li S.-Z.
Published: October 2019

Two new coordination polymers [Pb3Na(BPTC)2(H2O)2](Me2NH2) (1) and [Zn2(BPTC)(H2O)×(DMF)2](H2O)3(DMF) (2) are constructed using different metal salts and 3,3',5,5'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid (H4BPTC) as building blocks. The resulted coordination polymers are characterized by the elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction, which reveals that complex 1 features a six-nodal (5,6,6,6,10,12)-connected net with a 3D framework structure, while complex 2 features a trinodal (3,4,7)-connected ttd topological net with a 3D cluster-based network. Furthermore, the in vitro anticancer activity of complexes 1 and 2 are studied via CCK-8 and LDH release assays.
İbrahim el-Yâzicî'nin Arap Diline Katkıları
Authors: GÜNDAY Hüseyin , DURSUN Nesrin
Published: October 2019

Tam adı İbrahim b. Nâsîf b. ‘Abdullah b. Nâsîf b. Canbolât b. Sa’d el-Yâzicî el-Hımsî’dir. 2 Mart 1847 tarihinde Beyrut’ta dünyaya gelmiştir. Edebiyatçı bir ailede doğup yetişmiş olması sebebiyle küçüklüğünden itibaren iyi bir eğitim alarak büyümüştür. Bu sayede çocukluk ve gençlik dönemlerinde şiir yazmaya başlamış ama daha sonra Arap dili ve edebiyatı çalışmalarına ağırlık vermek istediği için şiiri bırakmıştır.Kendisini yazar, şair, dilci, eleştirmen, öğretmen, gazeteci, bilim adamı (kâşif astrolog) ve sanatçı (resim, müzik, oyma, nakış ve süsleme) olarak gördüğümüz çok yönlü bu şahsiyet Arap dili için yaptığı çalışmalarla öne çıkmıştır. Hayatını adeta Arapçaya adayan el-Yâzicî, Arapçanın yaşadığı problemleri çözmek için gayret göstermiş; dilin doğru kullanılması, korunması adına birtakım değerlendirme ve önerilerde bulunmuştur. مجلة (dergi) kelimesini ilk kullanan kişi olarak Arapçanın yabancı kelimeler karşısında tahrifata uğramaması adına ta‘rîbin önemine vurgu yapmış ve 38 kelimeyi Arapçalaştırmak suretiyle dile kazandırmıştır. Sanayi, teknoloji ve benzeri alanlarda gelişen dünyanın gerisinde kalan ve modern sözcükleri bünyesinde barındırmadığı için yabancı dillerin istilasına maruz kalan Arapçayı korumak adına öncelikli olarak iştikakı gerekli görmüştür. Bunun için döneminde ihmal edildiğini düşündüğü bazı vezinlere, kelime türetiminde kullanılmasını önererek dikkat çekmiştir.  Diğer dilcilerden ayrı olarak nahtın üçlü fiillerde olabileceğini iddia eden ilk kişidir. Ammîcenin fushânın yerini alacak kadar yaygınlaşmasına karşılık Arap halkını fasih olan dillerini korumaya çağırmıştır. Arap dili için yaptığı tüm çalışmalarında dilde aşırı titiz olması ve hataya tahammül edememesinin yanı sıra milliyetçi duygularla hareket etmesinin de büyük etkisi bulunmaktadır. O, Arapların içinde bulundukları atalet ve geri kalmış olma hallerinden silkinmelerini, tam bağımsız bir millet olarak yaşamaları gerektiği bilincine varmalarını ve bunun için herkesin üzerine düşeni yapmasını istemiştir. Yani hem halkın hem dilin bozulmasından duyduğu endişeler çalışmalarının tetikleyicisi olmuştur. el-Yâzicî’nın Arap dili ile ilgili araştırma ve görüşlerini kaleme aldığı makalelerinin kitaplaştırıldığı Ebhâs Lugaviyye, onun dil ile ilgili düşüncelerini ihtiva eden temel bir kaynaktır.
Fıkıh Usûlü Yazımında Memzûc Metot Üzerine Bir İnceleme: İbnü’s-sââtî’nin Nihâyetü’l-vüsûl’ü Örneği
Authors: UĞUR Seyit Mehmet
Published: October 2019

Fıkıh usûlü yazımında fukahâ, mütekellimîn ve memzûc olmak üzere üç metodun var olduğu kabul edilir. Memzûc metotla yazılan kitap Muzafferuddin İbnü’s-Sââti’nin Nihâyetü’l-vüsûl ilâ ilmi’l-usûl’üdür. İbnü’s-Sââti bu eserini Usûlü’l-Pezdevî ile Âmidî’nin el-İhkâm’ını esas alarak yazmıştır. Memzûc yöntemin neden ortaya çıktığı, amacı, bu mezc işlemin nasıl ve hangi noktalarda gerçekleştiği gibi sorular cevaplanmayı beklemektedir. Bu makalede, memzûc metot, Nihâyetü’l-vüsûl’ü merkeze alınarak incelenecektir.Memzûc yöntemin ortaya çıkışındaki en önemli etkenlerden birisi, bazı Hanefî usulcülerin “küllî usûl ilkeleri veya aklî ilkeler” konusunda fukahâ yönteminde hissettikleri görece eksikliktir. Bu metodun ortaya çıkışında, diğer İslâmî ilimlerdeki mezc işlemini fıkıh usûlü yazımına uygulama arzusu da etkili olmuştur. Öte yandan bu yöntemin ortaya çıkışında, usûl ilkelerini kelâmî kabuller üzerine inşâ etme; sünnî mezhepler arasında ortak paydalar arama ve uzlaşı çabasının etkili olduğunu en azından Nihâyetü’l-vüsûl için kabul etmek mümkün gözükmemektedir.Nihâyetü’l-vüsûl’ün konu dizimi, içerik ve yönteminde el-İhkâm’ın çok fazla belirleyici oluşu, eserin mütekellimîn metoduna daha yakın olmasına neden olmuştur denebilir. İbnü’s-Sââtî’nin eseri, fukahâ ve mütekellimin yöntemlerinin karakteristik bütün özellikleri kitabın tamamında geçerli olacak şekilde birleştirmekten uzaktır. Nihâyetü’l-vüsûl’de özellikle karşıt deliller tartışılırken ve tanımlar yapılırken mantık dil ve terimleri kullanılmıştır. Nihâyetü’l-vüsûl’deki tanımlarda Âmidî ve İbnü’l-Hâcib’in bariz bir belirleyici söz konusudur. Bu nedenle tanımlar konusunda mezcden ziyade mütekellimîn usûlünün tercih edildiği söylenebilir.İbnü’s-Sââtî fukahâ ve mütekellimîn usûlcülerinin ihtilaf ettikleri meseleleri aktarmaktan kaçınmaz. Onun ihtilaflı konuları görmezden gelerek veya en aza indirerek bir mezc hedeflemediği açıktır. Ayrıca ilke bazında, iki yöntem arasında arabuluculuk, sentez yahut üçüncü bir yol bulma arayışı içerisinde de değildir.
The results of selection of apples in Azerbaijan
Authors: Sadigov Aladdin Nemat ogly
Published: October 2019

The article deals with the gene pool of the apple tree, the history of apple breeding at the Scientific Research Institute for Fruit  and Tea Growing, and the forms and varieties of apple trees obtained. Continuing the selection work of the 1985-2015, 104506 flowers were pollinated in 105 combinations, where 6153 pieces were obtained. Fruits and 3330 pieces hybrid seeds, of which 1199 were selected by the elite seedlings, 23 new breeding varieties were obtained: Nigyar, Marfa, Sulh, Sevindj, Chyraggala, Emil, Shabran, Nyubar, Khazar, Vatan, Elvin, Dawamly, Cubinskoe Zimnee, Cubinskoe Osenee, Ulvi, Gobustan, Sarvan, Zyumrud, Eldar, Makhmari, Nuran, Gizil tadj, Sadaf. Cubinskoe Zimnee, Cubinskoe Osenee, Elvin and Sevindj are regionalized.
Homo- and heterozygosity of the population of the Smolensk-type cattle of brown Schwyz breed
Authors: Gontov Mikhail Alekseevich , Koltsov Dmitriy Nikolaevich , Andreeva Svetlana Alekseevna , Dmitrieva Valentina Ivanovna
Published: October 2019

For a more objective assessment of the level of homo- and heterozygosity of the population of Smolensk-type cattle of the brown Schwyz breed, six blood group loci were used in the process of immunogenetic monitoring. It has been established that in five generations of cattle a constant level of homozygosity remains. The overall homozygosity coefficient was 0.55–0.58, which corresponds to the average value, but in different loci it varied from 0.08 at the EAB locus to 0.85 at the EAL locus. A decrease in homozygosity at EAA and EAZ loci is offset by an increase in homozygosity at EAF, EAL, and EAZ blood group loci. It maintains a constant level of population homogeneity. In groups of cows with an increase in milk yield of more than 5000 - 6000 kg of milk for 305 days of the first lactation, the level of heterozygosity at the EAB and EAF loci increases and decreases at the EAL locus. It should be taken into account when selecting breeding bulls for breeding stock.
Hematological indices and natural resistance of rams of the Edilbaev breed of various live weight
Authors: Muratova Valeria Viktorovna
Published: October 2019

The article presents the results of studies of blood hematological parameters and resistance of Edilbayev breed rams when they gain  22, 33, 40, 46.5 and 52 kg of live weight, respectively.
OBJETOS DIGITAIS DE APRENDIZAGEM NA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS: USOS E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: Araújo Rosana Sarita de
Published: October 2019

O artigo objetiva identificar a incidência de objetos digitais de aprendizagem destinados à Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) alocados no  repositório da Rede Interativa Virtual de Educação (RIVED). Assim sendo, discute a importância do desenvolvimento de objetos virtuais de aprendizagem destinados ao primeiro segmento de EJA, posto esta ser uma modalidade da educação com especificidades diferentes da Educação Básica Regular, pontua alguns critérios a serem contemplados na produção de objetos virtuais de aprendizagem destinados ao primeiro segmento EJA, bem como analisa os pressupostos pedagógicos que embasaram a produção do(s) objeto(s) virtual(ais) de aprendizagens identificados no repositório. Sua base de investigação é alicerçada nos princípios da abordagem quantiqualitativa com a finalidade de fazer um levantamento dos Objetos Digitais de Aprendizagem (ODA) destinados ao primeiro segmento de EJA. O levantamento efetuado sinaliza parte das dificuldades relacionadas à seleção de materiais pertinentes à EJA, no caso específico na área de matemática. Não só o ODA avaliado, como também outras produções disponibilizadas na Internet, tendem em sua maioria não integrarem as especificidades desta modalidade de educação, ajustando-se mais à proposta de ensino da educação básica regular.   Palavras-chave: Mídias na educação; Objetos digitais de aprendizagem; Educação de Jovens e Adultos.
Gambaran Kadar Hemoglobin pada Sediaan Produk Darah Packed Red Cells (PRC) selama Masa Simpan 20 hari
Authors: Sepvianti Wiwit , Wulandari Meyta , Kusumaningrum Serafica Btari Christiyani , Sunartono Sunartono , Djafar Taib
Published: October 2019

Packed Red cells (PRC) merupakan sediaan produk darah yang tercacat paling banyak digunakan pada transfusi darah. Indikasi penggunaan PRC adalah untuk menaikan kadar hemoglobin pada pasein. 1 unit PRC dapat menaikkan kadar hematokrit 3-5 %. Peran vital pemberian PRC dalam menaikkan kadar hemoglobin tidak terlepas dari fakta bahwa PRC terus mengalami penurunan kualitas selama masa penyimpanan. Hal ini disebabkan sel-sel darah mengalami lisis, sehingga berpengaruh secara langsung pada morfologi sel, kadar hemoglobin, pH darah, dan kadar ion-ion darah. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengamatan kadar Hemoglobin pada sediaan PRC selama masa simpan 20 hari menggunakan metode Rapid test. Sampel penelitian sejumlah 3 kantong darah PRC bergolongan darah O rhesus positif. Hasil pengamatan kadar Hemoglobin pada sampel PRC menunjukkan terjadi penurunan kadar PRC pada masa simpan 20 hari yang berkisar antara 7,8- 11,2%.
KERAGAAN PERTUMBUHAN KELEMBAK DARI BERBAGAI DAERAH DI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Listyana Nurul Husniyati , Subositi Dyah , Widyantoro Widyantoro
Published: October 2019

ABSTRAKKelembak merupakan tanaman yang berasal dari dataran Tengah China yang banyak digunakan untuk pengobatan tradisional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui keragaan pertumbuhan sembilan aksesi kelembak dari berbagai daerah di Jawa Tengah. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu sembilan aksesi kelembak terbagi menjadi 2 varian yaitu kelembak jamu dan kelembak jawa yang kemudian ditanam pada lokasi yang sama menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang berbeda. Kelembak jamu menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang lebih tinggi dibanding kelembak jawa.Kata kunci : kelembak, aksesi, keragaan pertumbuhan
TATA NIAGA GULA RAFINASI DI PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Nugroho Agus Dwi , Raya Alia Bihrajihant , Penggalih Paksi Mei , Puspita Sylvatra , Widada Arif Wahyu , Chasanah Nur , Nugroho Wahyu Azis , Siregar Abi Pratiwa
Published: October 2019

The distribution of refined sugar (RS) for small and medium industries (SMI) of the food has suffered a lot of misappropriation. To overcome it, the government will implement the auction system. The purposes of this research are 1) to identify conditions and problems the distribution of RS for SMI of food; 2) to know the readiness of SMI of food in facing RS auction system; and 3) to provide recommendations for improvement of the RS auction system. This research was conducted in Yogyakarta Province on November 2017. Research respondents are Industry and Trade Offices in DIY, food association, SMI of food and RS distributors. The problems in the distribution of RS are SMI didn’t know about the rules of RS distribution, the distribution of RS is not according to government regulations and the food association was unable to accommodate the trade of RS. SMI hasn’t been able to participate in the auction system so it needs 1) the government conducts of socialization and supervision of the RS trading system; 2) SMI establishes business units and obtain capital facilitations and 3) the government gives authorizes for BULOG to distribute RS.
PENGARUH METODE PENGAPLIKASIAN DAN KONSENTRASI KALSIUM KLORIDA (CaCl2) TERHADAP VASE LIFE BUNGA POTONG ANGGREK DENDROBIUM ‘SONIA’
Authors: Miranda Cattleya Annisa , Mardin Sobardini , Tini Etik Wukir
Published: October 2019

Anggrek Dendrobium banyak digunakan dalam rangkaian bunga karena memiliki kesegaran yang relatif lama, warna dan bentuk bunganya bervariasi, tangkai bunga lentur sehingga mudah dirangkai, dan produktivitasnya tinggi. Bunga anggrek potong yang dipasarkan tentunya harus mempunyai kualitas yang baik. Salah satunya adalah umur kesegaran bunga anggrek potong yang cukup panjang, yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan atau penanganan pascapanen. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode pengaplikasian, konsentrasi kalsium klorida, dan interaksi dalam memperpanjang vase life bunga anggrek potong Dendrobium ‘Sonia’. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2018 sampai September 2018 di Laboratorium Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian Unsoed (7°24’29”S dan 109°15’13”T). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah metode pengaplikasian kalsium klorida (direndam dan disemprot) dan faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi kalsium klorida (0 ppm, 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, dan 80 ppm). Variabel yang diamati meliputi jumlah kuntum bunga, persentase kuntum mekar, persentase kuntum layu, persentase kuntum gugur, persentase penyakit, vase life, volume larutan terserap, dan warna bunga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi kalsium klorida 80 ppm dapat memperpanjang vase life bunga anggrek potong Dendrobium ‘Sonia’ selama 44,50 hari.
PENINGKATAN NILAI GIZI DAN DAYA TERIMA SENSORIS PADA TEMPE BIJI KECIPIR (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BIJI WIJEN
Authors: Santosa Arif Prashadi , Nugroho Bambang , Ningtyas Apriliyanti
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan biji wijen kandungan gizi yang diuji proksimat dan daya terima sensori tempe biji kecipir. Rancangan penelitan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) factorial dengan tiga taraf yaitu: W1: 5% dari 100 gram berat biji kecipir, W2: 10% dari 100 gram berat biji kecipir, W3: 15% dari 100 gram berat biji kecipir. Hasil penelitian menunjukan penambahan biji wijen (W) berpengaruh nyata terhadap analisis proksimat pada variabel (kadar abu, lemak, serat kasar dan HCN) dan terhadap analisis sensoris pada variabel (tekstur dan aroma). Perlakuan terbaik pada analisis proksimat dan sensoris adalah perlakuan penambahan biji wijen 15% dengan kadar protein  30.53 %, HCN 0.02 mg/100g, kadar air 20.06 %, kadar abu 2.64%, lemak 11. 80%, serat kasar 6.49 % dan karbohidrat by difference 35.30%; dengan nilai kesukaan padawarna 2.69 (agak kusam), tekstur 2.67 (agak keras), bau 2.31 (bau “langu”), rasa 2.86 (hambar), kenampakan 3.26 (agak kompak) dan kesukaan 2.34 (agak suka). Tempe Biji Kecipir, Biji Wijen, Proksimat, Sensoris.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA CONSUMPTION ABROAD (MODA 2) DENGAN COMMERCIAL PRESENCE (MODA 3) DI SEKTOR JASA PARIWISATA INDONESIA
Authors: Fawaiq Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara Moda 2 dan Moda 3 dalam perdagangan internasional di sektor jasa pariwisata. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Panel Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Granger. Data yang digunakan adalah data kedatangan wisatawan mancanegara dan Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) jasa hotel dan restoran tahun 1997-2014 di Bali, Jakarta, Kepulauan Riau dan Sumatera Utara. Daerah-daerah ini berkontribusi sebesar 81,26% dari total kedatangan wisatawan mancanegara di Indonesia dan 68% terhadap total FDI di jasa hotel dan restoran Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan kausalitas jangka pendek antara kedua variabel tetapi terdapat hubungan jangka panjang satu arah yaitu variabel Moda 3 dipengaruhi oleh variabel Moda 2. Hasil pengujian pada gabungan antara jangka panjang dan jangka pendek menujukkan bahwa variabel Moda 3 secara kuat dipengaruhi oleh variabel Moda 2. Dengan demikian diketahui bahwa semakin banyak jumlah wisatawan mancanegara yang datang ke Indonesia maka akan mendorong meningkatnya FDI di jasa hotel dan restoran, tetapi meningkatnya FDI di jasa tersebut tidak signifikan berpengaruh terhadap masuknya jumlah wisatawan mancanegara. This paper examines the relationship between Mode 2 and Mode 3 of international trade in tourism sector. The method used is the Panel Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Granger. The data used in this study were the number of foreign tourist arrivals and the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in some hotels and restaurants during 1997-2014 in Bali, Jakarta, Riau Islands and Nort Sumatera.These regions contributed for 81.26% out of the total tourist arrivals in Indonesia and 68% of the total FDI in the services of hotels and restaurants Indonesia. The results using VECM Granger demonstrated that there was no short-term causality relationship between these two variables but they had a long-term causality relationship that the Moda 3 was affected by the variable mode 2. Test results on a combination of long-term and short-term showed that the variable mode 3 was strongly influenced by variable mode 2. Thus, it is known that the more foreign tourists coming to Indonesia, the more FDI we gained from the service of hotels and restaurants, but this increase does not significantly affect the number of foreign tourists.
PROYEKSI EKSPOR DAN IMPOR INDONESIA: SUATU PENDEKATAN VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE
Authors: Alhayat Aditya Paramita , Muslim Azis
Published: October 2019

Proyeksi ekspor dan impor Indonesia memiliki urgensi penting sebagai salah satu acuan untuk merumuskan target pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional dalam Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun proyeksi ekspor dan impor nasional periode 2015-2019 yang dilihat berdasarkan sektor migas dan non migas. Dengan mempertimbangkan berbagai aspek ekonomi eksternal, Vector Autoregression (VAR) digunakan untuk memberikan perkiraan besaran petumbuhan ekspor dan impor di masa mendatang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di masa datang pertumbuhan ekspor Indonesia masih dipengaruhi oleh Produk Domestik Bruto negara-negara mitra utama sedangkan impor lebih dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor ekonomi domestik. Hasil proyeksi VAR menunjukkan bahwa ekspor nasional pada 2015 turun sebesar 10,65% dan meningkat sebesar 1,06% di tahun 2019, sedangkan impor nasional tahun 2015 turun sebesar 10,02% dan meningkat sebesar 12,11% di tahun 2019. Apabila pemerintah ingin menetapkan target ekspor lebih tinggi dari angka tersebut, maka usaha peningkatan ekspor harus ditopang dengan perbaikan sisi penawaran, dan target impor yang lebih rendah dapat dicapai dengan pengetatan konsumsi migas. Export and import projection is one of the important activities to determine the target of economic growth in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (NMTDP). This study aims to set out the projections of national exports and imports during 2015-2019 according to oil and non-oil sectors. By considering some external factors, Vector Autoregression (VAR) is utilized to forecast the future growth of export and import. The results showed that the future growth of Indonesia’s export was determined by Gross Domestic Product of trading partners, while the Indonesia’s import was influenced by domestic economic factors. The national export in 2015 was projected to decline by 10.65% and to increase by 1.06% in 2019, while the national import was projected to decline by 10.02% in 2015 and increase by 12.11% in 2019. If the government intends to set the export target higher than the projection, the improvement on the supply side must be considered. Moreover, the lower import target could be achieved by tightening the oil and gas consumption.
TRANSMISI HARGA ASIMETRI DALAM RANTAI PASOK BAWANG MERAH DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN IMPOR DI INDONESIA: STUDI KASUS DI BREBES DAN JAKARTA
Authors: Ruslan Januar Arifin , Firdaus Muhammad , . Suharno
Published: October 2019

Disparitas harga bawang merah di tingkat petani dan konsumen sangat besar. Penelitian ini menganalisis transmisi harga dalam rantai pasok bawang merah dan menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi transmisi harga serta menganalisis hubungan antara harga bawang merah impor terhadap harga produsen dan harga konsumen bawang merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Houck dan Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) serta uji kointegrasi dan kausalitas jangka panjang. Data yang digunakan merupakan data bulanan pada petani, pedagang grosir, pengecer di Kabupaten Brebes dan Kota Jakarta serta harga bawang merah impor selama Januari 2008 sampai Desember 2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam hubungan petani-grosir terjadi asimetris harga dalam jangka pendek karena terkait dengan biaya penyesuaian, sedangkan grosir-pengecer terjadi asimetris dalam jangka panjang karena terkait dengan penyalahgunaan kekuatan pasar. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan pentingnya peran dari harga impor bawang merah dalam penentuan harga bawang merah di tingkat produsen dan konsumen. Kebijakan harga plafon (ceiling price) dan harga dasar (floor price) diharapkan dapat menghindari perilaku eksploitasi yang dilakukan pedagang perantara. Shallot, as a potential commodity in Indonesia, has a large price disparity between the farmer and the consumer prices. The price disparity is also linked to the price of shallots import. This research analyzes the price transmission of shallots during its supply chain, discusses the factors influencing the price transmission, and also investigates the relationship between the price of import and the price of producer-and-consumer.This research uses the Houck Model, Error Correction Mechanism (ECM), cointegration test and longrun causality test.The data were monthly price data of farmers, wholesalers, and retailers in Brebes regency and Jakarta; and prices of shallot import  during January 2008 to December 2014.The results showed that the relationship between farmer and wholesale was asymmetric in the short term of price transmission, even in the long term of transmission wholesalers and retailers was also having asymmetric relationship. The asymmetric price transmission in the short term was related to adjusment cost while the asymetric price transmission in the long term indicated the abuse of market power. This study reveals the important role of price import in the farm and retailer prices. It is suggested to set up ceiling price and floor price in order to avoid the exploitative behavior of middlemen.
PERKIRAAN DAMPAK ASEAN DAN HONG KONG FREE TRADE AREA (AHKFTA) TERHADAP KINERJA PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA
Authors: Laksani Dian Dwi , Salam Aziza Rahmaniar
Published: October 2019

ASEAN dan Hong Kong sepakat untuk membentuk kerjasama kawasan dalam bentuk ASEAN Hong Kong FTA (AHKFTA). Negosiasi perundingan direncanakan akan selesai pada akhir 2016. Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara anggota ASEAN tentunya berpartisipasi dalam rencana pembentukan AHKFTA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung seberapa besar dampak berlakunya perjanjian perdagangan barang ASEAN-Hong Kong FTA terhadap kinerja perdagangan Indonesia. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah model Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) dengan menggunakan Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) versi 8. Kerjasama kawasan ini diharapkan akan menurunkan hambatan perdagangan di semua sektor, khususnya penurunan tarif sebagai representasi penurunan hambatan perdagangan baik di Indonesia maupun di Hong Kong. Penelitian ini melakukan dua simulasi yaitu pemotongan tarif sebesar 50% dan liberalisasi penuh. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memperoleh manfaat dari liberalisasi penuh perdagangan FTA ASEAN-Hong Kong baik dari kesejahteraan maupun peningkatan GDP, sedangkan peningkatan output hanya terjadi di beberapa sektor yang merupakan komoditi unggulan yaitu vegetable oil, oil seeds, wearing apparel, textile dan electronic equipment Penurunan tarif secara bertahap, pemberlakuan proteksi dan peningkatan daya saing bagi sektor yang berdaya saing rendah merupakan kebijakan yang sangat diperlukan. ASEAN and Hong Kong have agreed to establish bilateral cooperation in the form of the ASEAN-Hong Kong FTA (AHKFTA). The negotiation process is planned to be completed by the end of 2016. Indonesia as one of ASEAN countries will surely participate in AHKFTA. This study aims to investigate the impact of the bilateral trade agreement of the ASEAN-Hong Kong FTA on the Indonesian trade performance. The analytical method applied in this study is Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) using modeling approach of Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) version 8. This cooperation is expected to reduce the trade barriers in all sectors, such as reducing tariff in order to decrease the trade barriers between Indonesia and Hong Kong. This study conducted two simulations of tariff cuts 50% and full liberalization. The results indicate that Indonesia gained some benefits from full liberalization of ASEAN-Hong Kong FTA in terms of its welfare and the increase of GDP. The increase of output only occurs in few sectors which are categorized as a primary commodity such as vegetable oil, oil seeds, wearing apparel, textile and electronic equipment. In short, reducing tariff gradually and reinforcing protection and improvement to a sector having low competitiveness are vital to support Indonesia’s trade performance.
DAMPAK KEBERADAAN PERWAKILAN PERDAGANGAN LUAR NEGERI TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR NON MIGAS INDONESIA
Authors: Saputri Ayu Sinta , Ardiyanti Septika Tri
Published: October 2019

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pembentukan Atase Perdagangan (Atdag) dan Indonesian Trade Promotion Center (ITPC) terhadap kinerja ekspor non migas Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah random effect model fungsi permintaan dengan menggunakan nilai ekspor non migas Indonesia dan pangsa ekspor non migas Indonesia di negara mitra dagang sebagai indikator-indikator yang menggambarkan kinerja ekspor Indonesia. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan Atdag dan ITPC memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan ekspor Indonesia. Nilai ekspor dan pangsa ekspor non migas Indonesia di negara mitra dagang dimana terdapat Atdag dan ITPC lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan negara mitra yang belum terdapat Atdag dan ITPC. Di samping itu, besaran anggaran yang diterima oleh para perwakilan perdagangan juga memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja ekspor Indonesia. Dengan demikian, penguatan dan pengembangan Atdag dan ITPC penting untuk dilakukan dalam rangka peningkatan ekspor Indonesia baik melalui peningkatan besaran anggaran dan atau penambahan jumlah perwakilan perdagangan Indonesia di luar negeri. This study analyzes the impact of establishing The Indonesia’s Trade Attaché (Atdag) and The Indonesia's Trade Promotion Center (ITPC) on Indonesia’s non-oil exports performance. The method used in this study is random effect model of demand functions using  non-oil and gas export value, and  non-oil and gas export share of Indonesia in trading partner countries as the indicators of Indonesia’s export performance. The results indicate that the presence of Atdag and ITPC  gave a positive and significant effect to improve exports. The value of Indonesia’s non-oil and gas exports, and the share of Indonesia’s non-oil exports with some partner countries of Atdag and ITPC are higher compared to countries without Atdag and ITPC. Moreover, the amount of budget received by the trade representative also has a positive and significant effect on the export performance.Therefore, the government should strengthen and develop Atdag and ITPC in order to boost export by increasing the budget and the number of trade representatives abroad.
DETERMINANTS OF INDONESIA’S EXPORTS OF MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS
Authors: Kahfi Ahmad Sohibil
Published: October 2019

Nilai ekspor Indonesia terus mengalami penurunan sejak 2012. Masalah ini menarik perhatian pemerintah Indonesia untuk segera meningkatkan performa ekspor, dimana salah satu sektor yang dapat ditingkatkan adalah sektor manufaktur. Studi ini menganalisis faktor penentu ekspor manufaktur di Indonesia sejak 2005 sampai 2014. Faktor utama yang dianalisis antara lain adalah nilai tukar rupiah, foreign direct investment (FDI), gross domestic product (GDP), dan kebijakan perdagangan. Faktor tersebut dianalisis menggunakan regresi data panel dengan pendekatan random effect model. Hasil dari analisis menunjukkan bahwa perubahan relatif dari nilai tukar, real GDP, jarak dua negara, dan tarif secara signifikan memengaruhi ekspor manufaktur di Indonesia. Beberapa rekomendasi terkait untuk pemerintah Indonesia antara lain adalah dengan menjaga ekspor Indonesia ke negara-negara yang memiliki GDP tinggi, memperluas pasar ekspor Indonesia, menjaga stabilitas nilai tukar rupiah, mendukung industri lokal menggunakan teknologi maju, dan mendukung penyederhanaan proses impor. Indonesia’s export has been decreasing since 2012. This problem has raised government’s attention to increase the export performance. One sector that can be improved is manufacturing. This study analyzes the determinants of Indonesia’s manufacturing export from 2005 to 2014. The major factors examined in this study include real exchange rate, foreign direct investment (FDI), gross domestic product (GDP) and trade policies. Those factors are examined by using panel data regression with a random effect model. The results revealed that relative change of exchange rate, real GDP, distance between two countries and average tariffs significantly affected the Indonesia’s manufacturing export. It is recommended that Indonesian government maintains the exports to countries which have high GDP, expand the export market, stabilize Rupiahs exchange rate, encourage local industries to use advanced technologies, and facilitate the simplification of import procedures.
POSISI DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KINERJA JASA PERGUDANGAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wicaksena Bagus
Published: October 2019

Jasa pergudangan merupakan sektor usaha yang diperlukan untuk merespon perubahan tren logistik, potensi pertumbuhan perdagangan, serta tuntutan efisiensi dalam menghadapi liberalisasi sektor jasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui posisi dan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja jasa pergudangan sehingga kebijakan yang efektif dapat dirumuskan, mengingat jasa pergudangan bersifat lintas sektoral. Untuk mengetahui posisi jasa pergudangan, digunakan analisis SWOT, sedangkan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kinerja jasa pergudangan digunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Berdasarkan analisis SWOT, ekspansi jasa pergudangan Indonesia melalui peningkatan kualitas SDM, penerapan teknologi, dan klasterisasi daerah pergudangan perlu dilakukan, sehingga peluang yang ada dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Hasil analisis SEM dengan Partial Least Square (PLS) menunjukkan bahwa variabel kebijakan perpajakan dan upah merupakan faktor yang paling signifikan dalam mendukung ekspansi jasa pergudangan. Untuk itu, kebijakan yang dapat menimbulkan pajak ganda, misalnya pembebanan pajak penghasilan pada setiap proses logistik untuk satu produk, harus dihindari. Penetapan upah minimum regional tidak perlu dinaikkan karena dapat menghambat ekspansi usaha. Warehouse service is a business sector which plays a significant role in addressing some changes in logistic trend, potentials of trade growth, and the needs of efficiency as a result of services trade liberalization. This study aims at finding out positions and enabling factors which affect warehouse services performance. These are needed to formulate an effective policy since warehouse services operation is inter-sectoral. SWOT analysis is used to analyse the positions of warehouse services, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used to identify enabling factors of warehouse services. SWOT analysis shows that warehouse services in Indonesia needs to be expanded by human resource development, technology, and warehousing cluster policy in order to grab maximum opportunities. The results of Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Square finds tax shows that tax policy variable and regional wage appears to be the most significant variable that supports expansion of warehouse services. Therefore, any policies that potentially cause double taxation, such as the imposition of income tax of one product in every logistic process must be eliminated. Besides, regional minimum wage should not be increased as it would hamper the business expansion.
DETERMINAN DAN EKUIVALEN TARIF IMPOR JASA FINANSIAL DAN ASURANSI NEGARA RCEP
Authors: Azhari Meidah , Widyastutik Widyastutik
Published: October 2019

Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) merupakan bentuk kerjasama yang diinisiasi ASEAN pada tahun 2012. Jasa finansial dan asuransi merupakan salah satu sektor jasa yang memiliki peran penting terhadap stabilitas perekonomian dunia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi impor jasa finansial dan asuransi serta melakukan estimasi ekuivalen tarif untuk melihat seberapa besar hambatan dalam perdagangan jasa pada masing-masing negara RCEP. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan gravity model dengan analisis regresi data panel. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari data dasar Global Trade Analysis Projects (GTAP) dan Centre d’Etudes Prospectives et d’Informations Internationales (CEPII). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PDB, jarak, bahasa, dan sejarah kolonial signifikan memengaruhi impor. Estimasi ekuivalen tarif menunjukkan bahwa Selandia Baru, Filipina, RRT, India, dan Korea Selatan merupakan negara yang memiliki hambatan perdagangan paling tinggi. Kesamaan bahasa dan sejarah kolonial merupakan faktor yang memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap perdagangan. Untuk itu perlu adanya upaya dalam meningkatkan kemampuan penggunaan bahasa asing serta menjalin hubungan yang baik antara negara yang memiliki kesamaan sejarah kolonial. Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is a framework agreement which was initiated by ASEAN on 2012. Financial and insurance service is a service sector which has an important role in the world economic stability.The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of import in financial and insurance services and to estimate tariff equivalent in each member of RCEP. This study employs Gravity model approach with regression analysis of panel data.The data were obtained from Global Trade Analysis Projects (GTAP) and Centre d’Etudes Prospectives et d’Informations Internationales(CEPII).The results indicate that GDP, distance, common language, and common colony have a significant effect on import. The estimation of tariff equivalent shows that New Zealand, Philippines, China, India, and South Korea are countries with the highest trade barriers. This study concludes that the similarities of language and historical background among countries are the factors that have the highest influence in trade.Therefore, increasing the use of foreign language and establishing better relationships between countries with the same colonial history are crucial to be done.
ANALISIS DAYA SAING PRODUK EKSPOR INDONESIA
Authors: Samah Asnur Elly
Published: October 2019

Ekspor non migas memberikan sumbangan sekitar 78,8% terhadap total ekspor tahun 2006, dengan dominasi oleh ekspor hasil industry olahan yang mencapai rata-rata sekitar 70% tiap tahun. Sejalan dengan berbagai perkembangan eksternal dan internal, serta munculnya negara pesaing baru untuk komoditi tertentu, mengakibatkan produk Indonesia mengalami pergeseran pangsa pasar baik di dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. Pergeseran pangsa pasar ini ditenggarai oleh adanya penurunan daya saing beberapa produk ekspor non migas.Berkaitan dengan hal diatas, maka tulisan ini menganalisis kinerja daya saing beberapa produk non migas beberapa tahun terakhir. Analisis daya saing menggunakan instrument (tools) seperti RCA (Revealed Comparatif Advantage), AR (Acceleration Ratio) dan ISP (Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan).
DEVELOPING STRATEGY TO IMPROVE MARKET ACCESS: INDONESIA-US FTA
Authors: Listiyadi Imbang
Published: October 2019

Prinsip-prinsip dasar kepentingan didalam merangkai hubungan perdagangan bilateral antara dua negara yaitu Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat adalah lebih ditujukan kepada landasan kerja sama perdagangan yang saling menguntungkan. Tawaran serta permintaan yang dapat diintegrasikan bersama secara spesifik dan dapat menunjang pertumbuhan ekonomi masing-masing.Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Indonesia-Amerika Serikat diharapkan dapat menciptakan susasana kesepakatan yang disebut sebagai kebebasan dalam perdagangan atau Free Trade, keadilan didalam perdagangan atau Fair Trade. Landasan Filosofi “Free Trade” dan “Fair Trade” perlu dicarikan formulasi/rumusan jbersama terlebih dahulu guna mencari jawaban bahwa perdagangan bilateral yang dituangkan di dalam agreement nantinya tidak menjadi hambatan baru bahkan sengketa perdagangan didalam kerangka perdagangan bebas, sehingga perlu adanya pembicaraan bersama atau kajian bersama (Joint Study).FTA Indonesia Amerika Serikat akan memberikan fungsi penting sebagai alat penjamin manakala secara tiba-tiba terjadi perubahan kebijakan perdagangan kedua belah pihak FTA Indonesia Amerika Serikat juga berfungsi sebagai kepastian “Market Access” masing masing sebagai mitra dagang, serta bagi dunia usaha yang akan membangun komitmen untuk berbagai investasi baru.FTA Indonesia AS diharapkan akan memperkecil ketimpangan yang selama ini dirasakan oleh pihak Indonesia sebagai negara berkembang. Anggapan adanya ketimpangan antara negara maju dan negara berkembang yang secara tradisi ditandai dengan tingkat ekonomi maupun teknologi yang berbeda menyolok. Tingkat ketergantungan (dependence) Indonesia terhadap AS akan sangat mempengaruhi posisi tawar.Perdebatan di forum Kongress Amerika Serikat yang menganggendakan Free Trade Agreement seri9ng dikaitkan dengan permasalahan lain seperti: lingkungan hidup, pelanggaran hak asasi manusia, pelanggaran hak cipta, patent, ppolitik dan lain-lain dan sering bersifat sepihak atau unilateral. Tak urung masalah ini akan menjadi beban berat bagi negara-negara mitra dagang yang sebenarnya tidak terkait langsung dengan masalah bisnis. Di wilayah yang lebih bersifat teknis banyak hal yang sulit dpenuhi oleh negara-negara berkembang untuk mengimbangi perilaku negara-negara maju. Amerika Serikat telah banyak menguasai masalah-masalah Ïntellectual Property Right” yang mana hal paradox tergambar atau mewakili ketertinggalan negara-negara berkembang/miskin.
KAJIAN MODEL PENGEMBANGAN PASAR TRADISIONAL
Authors: Muslimin Lukman , Indriati Fibria , Widayanti Tjahya
Published: October 2019

Pasar tradisional saat ini menghadapi permasalahan eksternal dan internal yang berpengaruh besar terhadap eksistensi mereka. Dari sisi eksternal pasar tradisional menghadapi kenyataan bahwa kebijakan saat ini tidak cukup mendukung potensi mereka untuk berkembang. Demikian pula persaingan dengan ritel modern yang sangat ekspansif semakin menciptakan kondisi bahwa pasar tradisional semakin ditinggalkan oleh konsumennya. Disisi internal, pasar tradisional menghadapi kenyataan bahwa fisik pasar yang tua tanpa renovasi, sementara manajemen pasar tidak mampu mengatasi perubahan dalam menata pasar tradisional yang bersih, nyaman dana man.Perubahan lingkungan dalam bisnis ritel menuntut pemecahan masalah eksternal dan internal pasar tradisional. Penelitian ini mencoba menganalisa model pengembangan tempo dulu (model tradisional), model yang berjalan saat ini (model transisi) dan model pengembangan masa depan (model integrase) yang dapat memadukan antara model yang telah dan sedang berjalan dengan model yang dibutuhkan di masa depan.Belajar dari pengalaman dalam pembinaan dan model yang dikembangkan di negara lain, maka kajian ini mencoba untuk mengintrodusir model integrase dalam pengembangan pasar tradisional.
ANALYSING FACTORS DETERMINING SUGAR RETAIL PRICE
Authors: Rahayuningrum Ninuk , Susila Wayan , Widayanti Tjahya
Published: October 2019

Since 2002, the government of Indonesia (GOI) has imposed promoting and protective to the Indonesia sugar industry. The policies have caused a significant increase in domestic production and farmer welfare. However, the policies also caused the government cannot effectively control the domestic retail price, especially when sugar price in the international market is very high. With this problem, this study is aimed at analyzing factors that significantly determine retail sugar price that can be used as policy instrument to control the price. An econometric model was used to determining the factors and their effect on the retail price. The result of analysis show that farm gate proce reference determined by the GOI, distribution costs, sugar import price, and market competition level are four main factor determining the retail price, explaining around 84% of retail price behavior. The elasticity of the sugar retail price toward the change of the four factors lies between 0.026-0.566. These imply that the GOI can use these four factors and their related variables as policy instrument to control the price.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI SISTEM TATA NIAGA GULA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ningrum Ninuk Rahayu , Munadi Ernawati , Widayanti Tjahya
Published: October 2019

Debate on Indonesia’s sugar polisy was stimulated by the sharp increase in the sugar retail price after the implementation of import regulatory policy regim based on the Trade and Industrial Ministry Decree No. 643/MPP/Kep/9/2002.23 September 2002 revised with the Trade and Industrial Ministry Decree No. 527/MPP/Kep/9/2004/and followed by Ministry of Trade Decree No. 19/M-DAG/PER/4/2006 tanggal 19 April 2006.UsIng the annual data for the period of 1998-2004,this study examines the “reasonable sugar retail price “in Indonesia using two approaches i.e (1) import parity and (2) production cost and distribution ; and based on those reasonable sugar retail prices, this study try to analize the  efficiency of the “system tataniaga gula “in Indonesia.The results show that because of the government policy intervension, sugar retail price paid by the sugar cosumer in Indonesia is higher than if no government intervention ( free Trade). It is about 43.07 % and 3.43.% higher based on the first and second approach, respectively, moreover , due to the various, government policies related to tariff and import regulation, cosumer lost for about Rp. 3.8 – Rp 6.2 Trillion a year, but producer get benefit for about Rp.3.2 – Rp 5.2 Trilion ayear. Hence, The dead weight loss due to the”system tataniaga gula “is about Rp. 06- 10 trillion a year.
PROSPEK KERJASAMA PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA – INDIA
Authors: Rahmawati Irma
Published: October 2019

This Research was conducated to see the progress of Trade relationship between Indonesia and India , to see global picture of benefit to do a free trade agreements (FTA) with India, to see future prospect of Indonesian Main export Comodities to India. India was Indonesian good Trade partner, and it was shown by the increase of total Trade and also Trade balance in each year. Simulation by WITS-Smart Programme show that realization of FTA between Indonesia and India will benefit for both countries. Simulation of India’s tariff cut show there are an increase on welfare in India and export in Indonesia. Most of main export Comodities have good prospect to increase with FTA realization. Prospect Indicators are seen by copper growth from the wortlh, and the value of Trade total effect that is created by the realization of FTA.