bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strain engineering to prevent norleucine incorporation during recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli
Authors: Veeravalli Karthik , Laird Michael W. , Fedesco Mark , Zhang Yu , Yu X. Christopher
Published: October 2014

Incorporation of norleucine in place of methionine residues during recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli is well known. Continuous feeding of methionine is commonly used in E. coli recombinant protein production processes to prevent norleucine incorporation. Although this strategy is effective in preventing norleucine incorporation, there are several disadvantages associated with continuous feeding. Continuous feeding increases the operational complexity and the overall cost of the fermentation process. In addition, the continuous feed leads to undesirable dilution of the fermentation medium possibly resulting in lower cell densities and recombinant protein yields. In this work, the genomes of three E. coli hosts were engineered by introducing chromosomal mutations that result in methionine overproduction in the cell. The recombinant protein purified from the fermentations using the methionine overproducing hosts had no norleucine incorporation. Furthermore, these studies demonstrated that the fermentations using one of the methionine overproducing hosts exhibited comparable fermentation performance as the control host in three different recombinant protein production processes. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:204–211, 2015
BH3‐only protein Bim is upregulated and mediates the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes under glucose and oxygen‐deprivation conditions
Authors: Huang Chahua , Li Juxiang , Hong Kui , Xia Zhen , Xu Yan , Cheng Xiaoshu
Published: October 2014

Bim is a potent pro‐apoptotic BH3‐only Bcl‐2 member. However, the expression of Bim and its role in cardiac injury induced by ischemia remain unclear. H9c2 cells were subjected to a glucose and oxygen‐deprived (GOD) condition in vitro, mimicking ischemia environment in vivo. GOD treatment augmented the expression of Bim and induced the apoptosis of H9c2 cells. Silencing of Bim by RNAi significantly attenuated GOD‐induced cytotoxicity, suppressed mitochondrial membrane potential △Ψm loss, inhibited caspase 3 activation and reduced apoptosis. The data demonstrate that Bim is upregulated by GOD in a time‐dependent manner in H9c2 cells, and enhances mitochondrial apoptosis dependent on the activation of caspase 3. Silencing of Bim may be a promising therapeutic strategy in ischemia related heart diseases.
Simple Synthetic Receptors for Aspirin
Authors: Nguyen Thanh V. , Sherburn Michael S.
Published: October 2014

Shallow methylene‐bridged cavitands appended with simple H‐bond donor/acceptor groups are shown to bind aspirin. The structural features needed in a synthetic receptor for aspirin binding are defined.
Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to 3‐Silyl Unsaturated Esters for the Facile Preparation of Enantioenriched β‐Silylcarbonyl Compounds and Allylic Silanes
Authors: Zhao Kai , Loh Teck‐Peng
Published: October 2014

A highly enantioselective conjugate addition of Grignard reagents to 3‐silyl unsaturated esters to deliver synthetically useful chiral β‐silylcarbonyl compounds was developed. The synthetic value of this methodology was further illustrated by the synthesis of enantioenriched β‐hydroxyl esters and the facile access granted to various α‐chiral allylic silanes. A plethora of diastereoselective transformations of β‐silylenolates were also investigated and afforded manifold organosilanes that contained contiguous stereogenic centers with excellent enantioselectivity.
Formation and Characterisation of the Silver Hydride Nanocluster Cation [Ag3H2((Ph2P)2CH2)]+ and Its Release of Hydrogen
Authors: Girod Marion , Krstić Marjan , Antoine Rodolphe , MacAleese Luke , Lemoine Jérome , Zavras Athanasios , Khairallah George N. , Bonačić‐Koutecký Vlasta , Dugourd Philippe , O'Hair Richard A. J.
Published: October 2014

Multistage mass spectrometry and density functional theory (DFT) were used to characterise the small silver hydride nanocluster, [Ag3H2L]+ (where L=(Ph2P)2CH2) and its gas‐phase unimolecular chemistry. Collision‐induced dissociation (CID) yields [Ag2HL]+ as the major product while laser‐induced dissociation (LID) proceeds via H2 formation and subsequent release from [Ag3H2L]+, giving rise to [Ag3L]+ as the major product. Deuterium labelling studies on [Ag3D2L]+ prove that the source of H2 is from the hydrides and not from the ligand. Comparison of TD‐DFT absorption patterns obtained for the optimised structures with action spectroscopy results, allows assignment of the measured features to structures of precursors and products. Molecular dynamics “on the fly” reveal that AgH loss is favoured in the ground state, but H2 formation and loss is preferred in the first excited state S1, in agreement with CID and LID experimental findings. This indicates favourable photo‐induced formation of H2 and subsequent release from [Ag3H2L]+, an important finding in context of metal hydrides as a hydrogen storage medium, which can subsequently be released by heating or irradiation with light.
Engineering Short Peptide Sequences for Uranyl Binding
Authors: Lebrun Colette , Starck Matthieu , Gathu Vicky , Chenavier Yves , Delangle Pascale
Published: October 2014

Peptides are interesting tools to rationalize uranyl–protein interactions, which are relevant to uranium toxicity in vivo. Structured cyclic peptide scaffolds were chosen as promising candidates to coordinate uranyl thanks to four amino acid side chains pre‐oriented towards the dioxo cation equatorial plane. The binding of uranyl by a series of decapeptides has been investigated with complementary analytical and spectroscopic methods to determine the key parameters for the formation of stable uranyl–peptide complexes. The molar ellipticity of the uranyl complex at 195 nm is directly correlated to its stability, which demonstrates that the β‐sheet structure is optimal for high stability in the peptide series. Cyclodecapeptides with four glutamate residues exhibit the highest affinities for uranyl with log KC=8.0–8.4 and, therefore, appear as good starting points for the design of high‐affinity uranyl‐chelating peptides.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural and Magnetic Characterization of the Novel Spin Frustrated Double Perovskite Sr2ScMoO6.
Authors: Wallace Thomas K. , Mclaughlin Abbie C.
Published: October 2014

The title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of MoO3, SrCO3, and Sc2O3.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Chevrel Phase Nanocubes and Their Applications for Multivalent Energy Storage.
Authors: Cheng Yingwen , Parent Lucas R. , Shao Yuyan , Wang Chongmin , Sprenkle Vincent L. , Li Guosheng , Liu Jun
Published: October 2014

Pure Cu2Mo6S8 nanocubes are prepared from a mixture of (NH4)2MoS4, CuCl2, and graphene in DMF (Ar, 90 °C, 4 h) followed by heating in reducing atmosphere (flowing 4% H2/Ar, 1000 °C, 7 h).
ChemInform Abstract: CaYGaO4; a Fully Ordered Novel Olivine Type Gallate.
Authors: Clark Ryan , Zhu Sarah Jiaxin , Zheng Shou‐Tian , Bu Xianhui , Derakhshan Shahab
Published: October 2014

The title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of Y2O3, CaCO3, and Ga2O3 (900 °C for 24 h and 1250 °C for 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Experimental Synthesis and Properties of Metastable CuNbN2 and Theoretical Extension to Other Ternary Copper Nitrides.
Authors: Zakutayev Andriy , Allen Amy J. , Zhang Xiuwen , Vidal Julien , Cui Zhiming , Lany Stephan , Yang Minghui , DiSalvo Francis J. , Ginley David S.
Published: October 2014

Metastable CuNbN2 is synthesized by a solid state ion‐exchange reaction between polycrystalline NaNbN2 (obtained by solid state reaction of Na metal and NbN under ammonia flow at 500 °C for 24 h) and a 5‐fold excess of CuI (N2 atmosphere, 300 °C, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synergistic Iron‐and‐Amine Catalysis in Carbocyclizations.
Authors: Praveen Chandrasekaran , Leveque Sabine , Vitale Maxime R. , Michelet Veronique , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie
Published: October 2014

The carbocyclization of a wide range of formylalkynes is achieved by using Fe(acac)3 and cyclohexylamine as synergistic catalytic system.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Monodentate Phosphine Ligands for the Enantioselective α‐ and γ‐Arylation of Aldehydes.
Authors: Franzoni Ivan , Guenee Laure , Mazet Clement
Published: October 2014

Chiral trialkyl monodentate phosphine ligands (I) elaborated on the binepine scaffold are synthesized and applied to the Pd‐catalyzed intramolecular asymmetric α‐arylation of aldehydes as well as the intermolecular asymmetric γ‐arylation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Overriding ortho—para Selectivity via a Traceless Directing Group Relay Strategy: The Meta‐Selective Arylation of Phenols.
Authors: Luo Junfei , Preciado Sara , Larrosa Igor
Published: October 2014

This protocol utilizes carbon dioxide as a traceless, transient directing group.
ChemInform Abstract: Allylic Substitution of Esters Derived from 2‐Bromocyclohex‐2‐enol with Aryl Copper Reagents and Synthetic Utilization of the Derived anti SN2′ Products.
Authors: Ikoma Atsushi , Kobayashi Yuichi
Published: October 2014

The utility of this reaction is demonstrated in the synthesis of compound (VIII), which can be converted into compound (IX), the enantiomer of an intermediate in the synthesis of patchouli alcohol.
ChemInform Abstract: Boron Carboxylate Catalysis of Homoallylboration.
Authors: Dugas Gabrielle J. , Lam Yu‐hong , Houk K. N. , Krauss Isaac J.
Published: October 2014

B(O‐CO‐CF3)3 is found to be a mild and efficient catalyst for homoallylation as well as homocrotonylation of aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Picolinamide‐Directed Halogenation of ortho C—H Bonds of Benzylamine Substrates.
Authors: Lu Chengxi , Zhang Shu‐Yu , He Gang , Nack William A. , Chen Gong
Published: October 2014

The presented method features the use of an unique combination of alkali chlorate, bromate, or iodate together with potassium persulfate enabling the installation of the corresponding halogen onto the ortho position of N‐benzyl picolinamides.
ChemInform Abstract: Cationic Iron(II) Complexes of the Mixed Cyclopentadienyl (Cp) and the N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Ligands as Effective Precatalysts for the Hydrosilylation of Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Kumar Dharmendra , Prakasham A. P. , Bheeter Linus Paulin , Sortais Jean‐Baptiste , Gangwar Manoj , Roisnel Thierry , Kalita Alok Ch , Darcel Christophe , Ghosh Prasenjit
Published: October 2014

The applied catalyst is prepared in moderate yield from the respective benzimidazolium iodide and CpFe(CO)2I.
ChemInform Abstract: A Bifunctional Rosin‐Derived Thiourea Catalyzed Asymmetric Tandem Reaction and Its New Mechanism.
Authors: Zhang Hong‐Rui , Xue Ji‐Jun , Chen Rui , Tang Yu , Li Ying
Published: October 2014

Under optimum conditions, the reaction proceeds with high stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Oxidation of Sulfides to Sulfoxides Catalyzed by Deep Eutectic Solvent with H2O2.
Authors: Dai Dong‐yan , Wang Liang , Chen Qun , He Ming‐Yang
Published: October 2014

Major advantages of the introduced protocol are broad substrate compatibility, good yields and selectivities, the reusability of the catalyst as well as the possibility of gram‐scale synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: I2‐Catalyzed Divergent Regioselective Addition of Methoxybenzenes with Ethenylbenzenes under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Nageswara Rao Nalajala , Raghavender Reddy Maddi , Ramakrishna Konakalla , Mitaram Meshram Harshadas
Published: October 2014

1,2,2‐Triarylethanones (III) are efficiently obtained starting from simple and commercially available electron‐rich arenes and styrenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Tetrasubstituted 3‐Phosphonopyrroles Through Hydroamination: Scope and Limitations.
Authors: Debrouwer Wouter , Heugebaert Thomas S. A. , Stevens Christian V.
Published: October 2014

The synthesis of the title compounds is achieved via ZnCl2‐mediated cyclization of propargylic enamines of type (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Perfluoroalkyl‐Substituted Thiophenes and Pyrroles from Donor—Acceptor Cyclopropanes and Heterocumulenes: Synthesis and Exploration of Their Reactivity.
Authors: Gladow Daniel , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich
Published: October 2014

The title methylthio‐substituted thiophene and pyrrole derivatives demonstrate that they are precursors of the scarcely explored thienothiophene (VI) and thienopyrrole class (XIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Enantioselective Mannich Reaction of Pyrazoleamides with Isatin‐Derived Ketimines.
Authors: Li Tian‐Ze , Wang Xi‐Bo , Sha Feng , Wu Xin‐Yan
Published: October 2014

The first organocatalytic Mannich coupling of pyrazoleamides with ketimines of type (I)/(VI) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of 4‐(Sulfonyl)‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazoles and (E)‐4,5‐Dihydro‐1H‐pyrazoles from N‐Allenic Sulfonylhydrazones.
Authors: Zhu Yu , Hong Jun‐Jie , Zhou Yun‐Bin , Xiao Yu‐Wei , Lin Min , Zhan Zhuang‐Ping
Published: October 2014

A key feature of the title reaction is that the migration of the sulfonyl groups to different positions can be controlled by changing the Lewis acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Catalyzed Stereoselective Synthesis of β‐Aminoketones Using 3‐Aryl‐4‐formylsydnones.
Authors: Dorababu Atukuri , Kamble Ravindra R. , Kattimani Pramod P. , Kariduraganavar Mahadevappa Y. , Kamble Atulkumar A.
Published: October 2014

The title compounds (IV)/(V) are efficiently obtained via three‐component reaction of 3‐aryl‐4‐formylsydnone, various primary aromatic amines, and cyclohexanone.
ChemInform Abstract: FeCl3‐Catalyzed Cascade Reaction: An Efficient Approach to Functionalized Coumarin Derivatives
Authors: He Xinwei , Yan Zhenglei , Hu Xiaoqian , Zuo Yin , Jiang Chang , Jin Lei , Shang Yongjia
Published: October 2014

from salicylaldehydes and activated methylene compounds
ChemInform Abstract: Chiron Based Synthesis of Isocoumarins: Reactivity of α‐Substituted Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Saddiqa Aisha , Raza Abdul R. , Black David StC. , Kumar Naresh
Published: October 2014

Homophthalic acid is coupled with various (S)‐protected amino acid chlorides, but only for substrate (I) the target isocoumarin can be isolated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Fullerene‐Complexing Property of Azacalix[6]aromatics.
Authors: Fa Shi‐Xin , Wang Li‐Xia , Wang De‐Xian , Zhao Liang , Wang Mei‐Xiang
Published: October 2014

The efficient synthesis of a variety of the title compounds using approaches employing coupling fragments of different size is presented along with extensive spectroscopic studies of the obtained products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyrimidine Derivatives from Three‐Component Reaction of Malononitrile, Aldehydes and Thiourea/Urea in the Presence of High Surface Area and Nanosized MgO as a Highly Effective Heterogeneous Base Catalyst.
Authors: Hassani Zahra
Published: October 2014

The new method is more convenient compared to alternative ways, because it needs shorter reaction times, allows straightforward product isolation, and provides higher yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Borylation Reactions of Alkynes: An Efficient Synthesis of E‐Vinyl Boronates.
Authors: Rawat Vikas S. , Sreedhar Bojja
Published: October 2014

Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles can be easily recovered and reused up to 6 times without any significant loss in activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Relay Catalytic Cascade Hydrosiloxylation and Asymmetric Hetero‐Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Li Nan , Chen Dian‐Feng , Wang Pu‐Sheng , Han Zhi‐Yong , Gong Liu‐Zhu
Published: October 2014

A binary catalyst system consisting of Au(I) and a chiral Broensted acid is successfully employed in the asymmetric hetero‐Diels—Alder reaction between diphenylsilanols and fluorenyl glyoxylate.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Regioselective Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Heterocycle‐Phosphor Esters.
Authors: Abdou Wafaa M. , Khidre Maha D. , Kamel Azza A. , Awad Ghada E. A.
Published: October 2014

A variety of heterocyclic phosphonate derivatives are synthesized by reactions of benzoxathiol‐2‐one (I) with phosphorus reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: The Kabachnik—Fields Reaction Accelerated in External Magnetic Field.
Authors: Karpowicz Rafal , Lewkowski Jaroslaw , Miekos Ewa , Zielinski Marek
Published: October 2014

Considerably improved yields are obtained in the title reaction if the reaction is performed in an external magnetic field (1 T).
ChemInform Abstract: Isojaponin C (I) and Other Kauranoid Diterpenoids from Isodon japonicus
Authors: Yang Libin , Liu Shaojing , Wang Honglun , Suo Yourui
Published: October 2014

isolation and structure elucidation
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Transformations of (+)‐Abietic Acid into (+)‐Vitedoin B and (+)‐Negundoin A.
Authors: Tapia Ruben , Bouanou Hanane , Alvarez Esteban , Alvarez‐Manzaneda Ramon , Chahboun Rachid , Alvarez‐Manzaneda Enrique
Published: October 2014

Stereoselective synthesis of spirolactone (+)‐vitedoin B (I) is achieved in 14 steps and spiro enol ether (+)‐negundoin A (II) is obtained in 19 steps from commercially available abietic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Biselyngbyolide B, a Novel ER Stress‐Inducer Isolated from the Marine Cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp.
Authors: Ohno Osamu , Watanabe Ayane , Morita Maho , Suenaga Kiyotake
Published: October 2014

Biselyngbyolide B (I) is isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp.
ChemInform Abstract: Role of Li+ Ion in the Luminescence Enhancement of Lanthanide Ions: Favorable Modifications in Host Matrices
Authors: Singh A. K. , Singh S. K. , Rai S. B.
Published: October 2014

Review: 170 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gas‐Phase Perspective on the Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Armentrout P. B.
Published: October 2014

Review: studies of small gas‐phase transition metal cluster cations; 144 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of P‐Heterocycles
Authors: Keglevich Gyorgy
Published: October 2014

Review: 73 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Hydride Reduction of Organophosphorus Compounds
Authors: Kolodiazhnyi Oleg I.
Published: October 2014

Review: 106 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiporphyrinic Cages: Architectures and Functions
Authors: Durot Stephanie , Taesch Julien , Heitz Valerie
Published: October 2014

Review: 310 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Hydrodefluorination with Late Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Whittlesey Michael K. , Peris Eduardo
Published: October 2014

Review: 105 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Sulfinimines in Asymmetric Synthesis of Enantiomeric Aminophosphonic Acids
Authors: Lyzwa Piotr , Mikolajczyk Marian
Published: October 2014

Review: 59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Recognition and Sensing Based on Ferrocene Derivatives and Ferrocene‐Based Polymers
Authors: Sun Ruoli , Wang Li , Yu Haojie , Abdin Zain‐ul‐ , Chen Yongsheng , Huang Jin , Tong Rongbai
Published: October 2014

Review: 134 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dynamic Nuclear Hyperpolarization in Liquids
Authors: Guenther Ulrich L.
Published: October 2014

Review: 180 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Developing a Mechanistic Understanding of Molecular Electrocatalysts for CO2 Reduction Using Infrared Spectroelectrochemistry
Authors: Machan Charles W. , Sampson Matthew D. , Chabolla Steven A. , Dang Tram , Kubiak Clifford P.
Published: October 2014

Review: 67 refs.
Synthesis of Novel Chiral Tridentate Schiff‐Base Ligands and Their Applications in Catalytic Asymmetric Henry Reaction
Authors: Qiang Gen‐Rong , Shen Tian‐Hua , Zhou Xiao‐Cong , An Xiao‐Xia , Song Qing‐Bao
Published: October 2014

A series of chiral tridentate Schiff‐bases were prepared and used as ligands in the catalytic asymmetric Henry reaction. Under the optimal conditions, a variety of arylaldehydes were smoothly converted into corresponding adducts with high yields (up to 98%) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee). Chirality 26: 780–783, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lanthanide Circularly Polarized Luminescence: Bases and Applications
Authors: Zinna Francesco , Di Bari Lorenzo
Published: October 2014

Lanthanide (III) luminescence is very characteristic: it is characterized by narrow emission bands, large Stokes shift, and a long excited state lifetime. Moreover, chiral lanthanide complexes can emit strongly circularly polarized light in a way that is almost precluded to purely organic molecules. Thanks to the sensitivity and specificity of the Ln circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signal, CPL‐active complexes are therefore employed as bioanalytical tools and other uses can be envisaged in many other fields. Here we present a brief overview of the most recently developed CPL‐active lanthanide complexes and a selected few examples of their applications. We briefly discuss the main mechanisms that can rationalize the observed outstanding CPL properties of these systems, and some practical suggestions on how to measure and report data. Chirality 27:1–13, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High performance computing of oligopeptides complete backtranslation applied to DNA microarray probe design
Authors: Jaziri Faouzi , Peyretaillade Eric , Peyret Pierre , Hill David R.C.
Published: October 2014

Complete backtranslation is the step of generating all possible nucleic acid sequences from a protein sequence. This is a time‐consuming task that can provide unreasonable quantities of data. Complete backtranslation was recently used to initiate probe design for functional DNA microarrays from conserved peptidic regions, in order to assess the full microbial gene diversity present in complex environments. In this article, we present an efficient parallelization method to compute a complete backtranslation of short peptides to select probes for functional microarrays. We implemented a software that uses meta‐programming and a model‐driven engineering approach to automatically generate source codes to perform complete backtranslation on different architectures: PCs, Symmetric Multiprocessors servers, computing clusters, or a computing grid. Our software is filtering the generated oligonucleotides with usual selection criteria for the design of microarray probes. It uses load balancing and can be easily integrated in probe design software for functional microarrays. We present its performance on both simulated and real biological datasets. The obtained results show a significant computing speedup on different platforms and an important gain of about 40% of disk space when filtering oligonucleotides. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PENNANT: an unstructured mesh mini‐app for advanced architecture research
Authors: Ferenbaugh Charles R.
Published: October 2014

This paper describes PENNANT, a mini‐app that operates on general unstructured meshes (meshes with arbitrary polygons), and is designed for advanced architecture research. It contains mesh data structures and physics algorithms adapted from the Los Alamos National Laboratory radiation‐hydrodynamics code FLAG and gives a sample of the typical memory access patterns of FLAG. The basic capabilities and optimization approaches of PENNANT are presented. Results are shown from sample performance experiments run on serial, multicore, and graphics processing unit implementations, giving an indication of how PENNANT can be a useful tool for studies of new architectures and programming models. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Body Image as a Source of Shame: A New Measure for the Assessment of the Multifaceted Nature of Body Image Shame
Authors: Duarte Cristiana , Pinto‐Gouveia José , Ferreira Cláudia , Batista Diana
Published: October 2014

Theoretical and empirical accounts highlight the link between shame and body image difficulties, and disordered eating behaviours. Specifically, body image shame seems to play a particularly important role in this association. The current study aimed at developing and validating a new measure of body image shame and its phenomenology, the Body Image Shame Scale (BISS).

Distinct samples of women from the general and student populations were used to test the BISS factorial structure using principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and to examine the psychometric properties of the BISS.

Principal component analysis results indicated that the scale presents a two‐factor structure assessing an externalized and an internalized dimension underlying body image shame, which explains a total of 62.41% of the variance. A confirmatory factor analysis further corroborated the adequacy of this structure, which revealed good global and local adjustment indices. The BISS also presented very good internal consistency, construct and discriminant validities and good test–retest reliability. The scale also showed good concurrent and divergent validities. Furthermore, the scale discriminates between women with higher or lower levels of disordered eating behaviours. Finally, a mediation analysis revealed that the BISS fully mediates the previously established association between external shame and eating psychopathology.

The BISS is a psychometrically robust and short measure of body image shame and its external and internal dimensions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Key Practitioner Message

The BISS is a brief and reliable self‐report instrument of body image‐related shame.

The BISS assesses the phenomenology of body image shame considering an externalized dimension and an internalized dimension, which may have important clinical implications.

The BISS presents very good internal consistency, construct and discriminant validities, test–retest reliability, concurrent and divergent validities, and accurately distinguishes between women with higher and normative levels of disordered eating behaviours.

Body image shame, as assessed by the BISS, contributes to a better understanding of eating psychopathology with findings suggesting that the association between external shame and eating psychopathology fully depends on the extent to which one's body image becomes the source of shame, with the consequent activation of defensive attitudes and behaviours.
Cooperative detection and protection for Interest flooding attacks in named data networking
Authors: Ding Kun , Liu Yun , Cho Hsin‐Hung , Chao Han‐Chieh , Shih Timothy K.
Published: October 2014

Named data networking (NDN) is a new emerging architecture for future network, which may be a substitute of the current TCP/IP‐based network, for the content‐oriented data request mode becoming the future trend of development. The security of NDN has attracted much attention, as an implementation of next‐generation Internet architecture. Although NDN is immune to most current attack, it cannot resist the distributed denial of service like attack – Interest flooding attack (IFA) – effectively. IFA takes advantages of the forwarding mechanism of NDN, flooding a large number of malicious Interest packets at quite a high rate, and exploits the network resources, which may cause the paralysis of the network. Taking into account the severity of the destruction, we propose an algorithm to counter such new type of attack. We analyze three properties of IFA, and use them to judge and filter Interest packets. Vector space model and Markov model are used in our method to realize a cooperative detection. Meanwhile, we present the retransmission forwarding mechanism to ensure legitimate user request. The ndnSIM module of ns3 is used for the corresponding simulation, and results of the simulation will be given to show the effectiveness of our algorithm. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impairment of endothelial‐mesenchymal transformation during atrioventricular cushion formation in Tmem100 null embryos
Authors: Mizuta Ken , Sakabe Masahide , Hashimoto Aya , Ioka Tomoko , Sakai Chihiro , Okumura Kazuki , Hattammaru Miwa , Fujita Masahide , Araki Mutsumi , Somekawa Satoshi , Saito Yoshihiko , Nakagawa Osamu
Published: October 2014

Background: Endothelial‐mesenchymal transformation (EndMT) is essential for endocardial cushion formation during cardiac morphogenesis. We recently identified Tmem100 as an endothelial gene indispensable for vascular development. In this study, we further investigated its roles for EndMT during atrioventricular canal (AVC) cushion formation. Results: Tmem100 was expressed in AVC endocardial cells, and Tmem100 null embryos showed severe EndMT defect in the AVC cushions. While calcineurin‐dependent suppression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the AVC myocardium is important for EndMT, significant up‐regulation of Vegfa expression was observed in Tmem100 null heart. EndMT impaired in Tmem100 null AVC explants was partially but significantly restored by the expression of constitutively‐active calcineurin A, suggesting dysregulation of myocardial calcineurin‐VEGF signaling in Tmem100 null heart. Moreover, Tmem100 null endocardial cells in explant culture did not show EndMT in response to the treatment with myocardium‐derived growth factors, transforming growth factor β2 and bone morphogenetic protein 2, indicating involvement of an additional endocardial‐specific abnormality in the mechanism of EndMT defect. The lack of NFATc1 nuclear translocation in endocardial cells of Tmem100 null embryos suggests impairment of endocardial calcium signaling. Conclusions: The Tmem100 deficiency causes EndMT defect during AVC cushion formation possibly via disturbance of multiple calcium‐related signaling events. Developmental Dynamics 244:31–42, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mono‐Oxido‐Bridged Heterobimetallic and Heterotrimetallic Compounds Containing Titanium(IV) and Chromium(III)
Authors: Huang Tao , Wu Xinyuan , Weare Walter W. , Sommer Roger D.
Published: October 2014

A series of oxido‐bridged heterobi‐ and heterotrimetallic complexes, [(tmtaa)Ti=O→Cr(Por)Cl] and [(tmtaa)Ti=O→Cr(Por)←O=Ti(tmtaa)]+ (tmtaa = 7,16‐dihydro‐6,8,15,17‐tetramethyldibenzo[b,i][1,4,8,11]tetraazacyclotetradecine; Por = 5,10,15,20‐tetraarylporphyrin), have been synthesized. To the best of our knowledge, these complexes are the first structurally characterized examples to contain a Ti=O→Cr or Ti=O→Cr←O=Ti structural motif. Crystal structures of representative heterobimetallic compounds, including the Ti=O→Cr binuclear complex 2 and two separate trimers, [Ti=O→Cr←O=Ti]SbF6 (10) and [Ti=O→Cr←O=Ti]Cl (12), are reported. The bi‐ and trimetallic molecules have similar structural parameters, including Ti–O, Cr–O, and Ti–O–Cr bond lengths and angles with a linear Ti=O→Cr geometry. Magnetic studies showed that a high‐spin CrIII (S = 3/2) center is present in both the bi‐ and trinuclear molecules. The redox potentials for CrIV/III (ΔE = 320 mV) and Por/Por·– (ΔE = 260 mV) can be tuned by modifying the porphyrin ligand. By determining the thermodynamics and kinetics of the formation of these complexes by titration experiments and electrochemistry, it was found that the bi‐ and trimetallic species undergo isomerization in solution, allowing easy substitution of the apical chlorido ligand.
Electrochemical Behavior of Nicotine at Unmodified Carbon Paste Electrode and Its Determination in a Set of Refilling Liquids for Electronic Cigarettes
Authors: Stočes Matěj , Švancara Ivan
Published: October 2014

In this manuscript, a carbon paste electrode (CPE) from traditional components has been used to study the electrochemical oxidation of nicotine and its feasibility to be performed at unmodified and otherwise untreated carbon paste in an effort to propose a simple voltammetric method for the determination of nicotine in samples of refilling liquids for electronic cigarettes. As found out, irreversible oxidation of nicotine at CPE had occurred at −0.95 V vs. Ag/AgCl as a diffusion‐controlled process, when suitable pH for this redox transformation was either a neutral supporting medium (phosphate buffer, pH 7.5) or mild alkaline solution (of Britton‐Robinson buffer, pH 11). After having chosen the SWV mode and optimizing the key instrumental and electroanalytical parameters, the oxidation response of the substance of interest has been fairly proportional to concentration in the range of 50–500 µmol L−1 in phosphate buffer or even 50–1000 µmol L−1 in BrittonRobinson buffer. And if the reproducibility could substantially be improved by incorporating an effective conditioning step, the method could be applied for the determination of nicotine in real samples of refilling liquids for electronic cigarette with satisfactory results corresponding well to the values declared by manufacturer.
TOXOR: Design and Application of an Electrochemical Toxicity Biosensor for Environmental Monitoring
Authors: O'Hara Tony , Seddon Brian , McClean Siobhán , Dempsey Eithne
Published: October 2014

Here we present design and assay methodology of a novel electrochemical biosensor with the view to assess cytotoxic effects of key chemicals. The concept is based on mammalian cells as the biological recognition agent (A549 human lung epithelial cells) and measures changes in cellular enzyme activity (acid phosphatase – AP) following 24 hours exposure. AP catalyses the dephosphorylation of 2‐naphthyl phosphate to 2‐naphthol (determined using chronocoulometry) and is indicative of metabolically active cells. Immobilised living cells exposed to pentachlorophenol, cadmium chloride and nickel chloride exhibited a decrease in AP activity which enabled IC50 (50 % reduction in enzyme activity) values of toxic chemicals to be reliably and conveniently determined using electronic detection. The IC50 values obtained for CdCl2 and NiCl2 (65 and 330 µM) were in agreement with those found using the standard MTT cytotoxicity assay (100 and 350 µM). In the case of pentachlorophenol, the value obtained (60 µM) was lower (MTT assay IC50 value>160 µM) suggesting enhanced sensitivity of the electrochemical assay towards pentachlorophenol. It is envisaged that this device could be exploited in the screening of industrial and environmental toxins and has potential in drug testing applications.
Stochastic simulation of regionalized ground motions using wavelet packets and cokriging analysis
Authors: Huang Duruo , Wang Gang
Published: October 2014

Performance‐based earthquake engineering often requires ground‐motion time‐history analyses to be performed, but very often, ground motions are not recorded at the location being analyzed. The present study is among the first attempt to stochastically simulate spatially distributed ground motions over a region using wavelet packets and cokriging analysis. First, we characterize the time and frequency properties of ground motions using the wavelet packet analysis. The spatial cross‐correlations of wavelet packet parameters are determined through geostatistical analysis of regionalized ground‐motion data from the Northridge and Chi‐Chi earthquakes. It is observed that the spatial cross‐correlations of wavelet packet parameters are closely related to regional site conditions. Furthermore, using the developed spatial cross‐correlation model and the cokriging technique, wavelet packet parameters at unmeasured locations can be best estimated, and regionalized ground‐motion time histories can be synthesized. Case studies and blind tests using data from the Northridge and Chi‐Chi earthquakes demonstrate that the simulated ground motions generally agree well with the actual recorded data. The proposed method can be used to stochastically simulate regionalized ground motions for time‐history analyses of distributed infrastructure and has important applications in regional‐scale hazard analysis and loss estimation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Testing an application of a biotic ligand model to predict acute toxicity of metal mixtures to rainbow trout
Authors: Iwasaki Yuichi , Kamo Masashi , Naito Wataru
Published: October 2014

The authors tested the applicability of a previously developed biotic ligand model (BLM) to predict acute toxicity of single metals and metal mixtures (cadmium, lead, and zinc) to rainbow trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from a single available dataset. The BLM used in the present study hypothesizes that metals inhibit an essential cation (calcium) and organisms die as a result of its deficiency, leading to an assumption that the proportion of metal-binding ligand (f) is responsible for the toxic effects of metals on the survival of rainbow trout. The f value is a function of free-ion concentrations of metals computed by a chemical speciation model, and the function has affinity constants as model parameters. First, the survival effects of single metals were statistically modeled separately (i.e., f-survival relationship) by using the generalized linear mixed model with binomial distribution. The modeled responses of survival rates to f overlapped reasonably irrespective of metals tested, supporting the theoretical prediction from the BLM that f-survival relationships are comparable regardless of metal species. The authors thus developed the generalized linear mixed model based on all data pooled across the single-metal tests. The best-fitted model well predicted the survival responses observed in mixture tests (r = 0.97), providing support for the applicability of the BLM to predict effects of metal mixtures. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:754–760. © 2014 SETAC
Modeling PCB transfer into hen eggs: Influence of physiological characteristics of the animal
Authors: Fournier Agnès , Martin Olivier , Travel Angélique , Puillet Laurence , Feidt Cyril , Jondreville Catherine
Published: October 2014

Laying hens are likely to be exposed to a wide range of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). To improve the safety of poultry farming systems in terms of POPs, the present research focused on assessing the impact of physiological characteristics of the hen on the transfer of ingested PCBs to eggs. Modeling was used as a research tool to explore the impact of some physiological characteristics on the transfer of PCBs in the laying hen. The mathematical model simulates the dynamics of the size of the lipid compartments in the animal and the frequency of laying, with the PCB concentrations in egg yolk and adipose tissue being model outputs. Simulations were run to assess effects of animal characteristics on the transfer of PCBs to eggs. Laying rate proportionally influenced the PCB level of eggs and adipose tissue at steady state. Body fat diluted absorbed PCBs in the absence of laying and significantly influenced the decontamination rate of tissues during depuration after an exposure period. Application of the present model to actual exposure cases highlights its value in improving the support of risk management in livestock farming. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:173–183. © 2014 SETAC
Perfluoroalkyl substance concentrations in a terrestrial raptor: Relationships to environmental conditions and individual traits
Authors: Bustnes Jan O. , Bangjord Georg , Ahrens Lutz , Herzke Dorte , Yoccoz Nigel G.
Published: October 2014

Accumulation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in wildlife may be influenced by the physical and biotic environment, and concentrations vary greatly among areas, seasons, and individuals. Different hypotheses about sources of variation in perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) concentrations were examined in eggs (n = 107) of tawny owls (Strix aluco) collected over a 24-yr period (1986–2009) in Norway. Predictor variables included the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), temperature, snow, food availability (vole abundance), and individual traits such as age, body condition, and clutch size. Concentrations of both perfluoro-octane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs) varied several fold in the population, both inter- and intra-annually. Moreover, individuals laid eggs with several times higher or lower PFAS concentrations within few years (1 yr–5 yr). After controlling for temporal trends (i.e., declining PFOS and increasing PFCA concentrations), both PFOS and PFCAs were positively associated to the winter NAO in the previous year (NAOy – 1), suggesting that atmospheric transport may be affecting the input of PFASs to the local ecosystem. Perfluoro-octane sulfonate was negatively related to temperature, but the pattern was complex as there was an interaction between temperature and the feeding conditions. The PFOS accumulation was highest in years with high vole abundance and low to medium temperatures. For PFCAs, there was an interaction between NAOy – 1 and feeding conditions, suggesting that strong air transport toward Norway and high consumption of voles led to a moderate increase in PFCA accumulation. The individual traits, however, had very little impact on the concentrations of PFASs in the eggs. The present study thus suggests that annual variation in environmental conditions influences the concentrations of PFASs in a terrestrial raptor such as the tawny owl. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:184–191. © 2014 SETAC
Human Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11 gene is associated with schizophrenia in a Japanese population
Authors: Mizuki Yutaka , Takaki Manabu , Okahisa Yuko , Sakamoto Shinji , Kodama Masafumi , Ujike Hiroshi , Uchitomi Yosuke
Published: October 2014

Objective

The human Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11 (ARHGEF11) gene is one of the candidate genes for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ARHGEF11 is mapped to chromosome 1q21, which has susceptible risk loci for T2DM and schizophrenia. We hypothesized that ARHGEF11 contributes to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

Method

We selected eight single nucleotide polymorphisms of ARHGEF11 that had significant associations with T2DM for a case‐control association study of 490 patients with schizophrenia and 500 age‐matched and sex‐matched controls.

Results

We did not find any differences in allelic, genotypic associations, or minor allele frequencies with schizophrenia. Analysis of the rs6427340‐rs6427339 haplotype and the rs822585‐rs6427340‐rs6427339 haplotype combination provided significant evidence of an association with schizophrenia (global permutations p = 0.00047 and 0.0032, respectively). C‐C of the rs6427340‐rs6427339 haplotype and A‐C‐C of the rs822585‐rs6427340‐rs6427339 haplotype carried higher risk factors for schizophrenia (permutation p = 0.0010 and 0.0018, respectively). A‐C‐T of the rs822585‐rs6427340‐rs6427339 haplotype had a possible protective effect (permutation p = 0.031).

Conclusion

These results provide new evidence that ARHGEF11 may constitute a risk factor for schizophrenia. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anaerobic metabolism of two hydro‐morphological similar pre‐dams under contrasting nutrient loading (Rappbode Reservoir System, Germany)
Authors: Wendt‐Potthoff Katrin , Kloß Christin , Schultze Martin , Koschorreck Matthias
Published: October 2014

Anaerobic microbial processes in reservoirs have a strong influence on water quality, and these processes are influenced by inputs from the catchment. Two morphologically similar pre‐dams of the large Rappbode reservoir system in Germany were studied for oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, nitrate reduction, manganese and iron reduction, sulfate reduction, and methanogenesis. Rates were obtained by calculations from hypolimnion size and hypolimnetic water chemistry and from incubation of sediment samples (manganese and iron reduction, sulfate reduction, and methanogenesis only). Length of anoxic conditions (anoxic factor) and anaerobic process rates were generally higher for Hassel pre‐dam, a water body with 58% grasslands and agriculture in its catchment. Rappbode pre‐dam had higher iron reduction rates. Oxygen consumption and sulfate reduction (and nitrate reduction for Hassel pre‐dam) were the most important respiratory processes. While hypolimnion chemistry was similar and showed mainly temporal differences in seasonal development, the pre‐dam sediments differed considerably with roughly twofold higher microbial biomass and 102–104 fold higher counts of sulfate‐reducing prokaryotes in Hassel pre‐dam compared to Rappbode pre‐dam. These differences can be explained by the higher nutrient input, longer water retention time, and consequently higher biomass production in Hassel pre‐dam. The view of microbial activities against known loads of solutes also implies that the quality of allochthonous organic matter and particulate fluxes likely governs respiratory processes in the pre‐dams by providing electron donors and acceptors.
Idiosyncratic deals in contemporary organizations: A qualitative and meta‐analytical review
Authors: Liao Chenwei , Wayne Sandy J. , Rousseau Denise M.
Published: October 2014

Idiosyncratic deals (i‐deals) research focuses on the emergence of customized work arrangements employees negotiate with their employers. This article provides a critical review and synthesis of i‐deals research, combining a qualitative review of i‐deals theory and research with a supplementary meta‐analysis of 23 empirical studies (k = 27 samples, N = 8110 individuals). The qualitative review examines the conceptualization and measurement of i‐deals and identifies patterns and gaps in i‐deals research, while the quantitative meta‐analysis tests the moderating effect of societal cultures on the predictors and consequences of ideals investigated to date. In each section, attention is given to strengths and weaknesses of current approaches to i‐deals theory and research. Future research directions are identified with particular emphasis on the largely unexamined role of i‐deals from a multilevel perspective. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Meta‐analysis of lobectomy, segmentectomy, and wedge resection for stage I non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Yang , Sun Yihua , Wang Rui , Ye Ting , Zhang Yiliang , Chen Haiquan
Published: October 2014

Background

Survival difference following lobectomy, segmentectomy, and wedge resection in stage I non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its subgroups remains undetermined.

Methods

We systemically searched published articles comparing recurrence‐free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), or cancer‐specific survival (CSS) between lobectomy and limited resection or between segmentectomy and wedge resection.

Results

A total of 42 studies published from 1980 to 2014 enrolling 21,926 patients were included in this meta‐analysis. Survival results favored lobectomy in stage IA NSCLC ≤2 cm (combined HR: 1.530, 95% CI: 1.402–1.671, P < 0.001) or patient's ≥65 years old (combined HR: 1.227, 95% CI: 1.003–1.502, P = 0.047). Survival outcome of video‐assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) sublobectomy was comparable to that of VATS lobectomy (pooled HR: 0.808, 95% CI: 0.556–1.174, P = 0.263). The combined HR of segmentectomy versus lobectomy was 1.231 (95% CI: 1.070–1.417, P = 0.004), while the pooled HR of wedge resection versus segmentectomy was 1.542 (95% CI: 0.856–2.780, P = 0.149).

Conclusions

This study suggested that tumor size or age alone should not be the criteria to encourage sublobar resection. For stage I NSCLC, survival following segmentectomy was inferior to lobectomy. Patients undergoing intentional sublobectomy achieved comparable survival as those who received lobectomy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:334–340. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Follow‐up of the soft tissue sarcoma patient
Authors: Tseng William W. , Amini Behrang , Madewell John E.
Published: October 2014

Despite optimal treatment, patients with soft tissue sarcoma are at risk for recurrence and therefore appropriate surveillance is critical. At minimum, regularly scheduled clinical assessments and chest X‐rays are necessary. Consensus guidelines are available; however, surveillance strategies must be personalized based on the risk for recurrence and inherent disease biology. Further research is needed on a number of issues, including the impact of surveillance on clinical outcome and the utility of molecular surveillance. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:641–645. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.