bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Substantiation of the choice of the cutter
material and method of its hardening,
working under the action of friction
and cyclic loading
Authors: Sokolov D. , Sobyna V. , Vambol S. , Vambol V.
Published: January 2019

Purpose: The main problem with the use of rescue instruments during emergency response
is the low strength of the tool’s cutting edge. The consequence of this is the low efficiency of
rescue operations. The purpose of this study is to substantiate experimentally the choice of
material for the tool’s cutting edge and the method of surfacing it on the cutter of a hydraulic
tool, operating under the simultaneous influence of friction and cyclic loading.
Design/methodology/approach: The choice of material was carried out by the way of
analytical analysis with subsequent experimental verification. For this purpose, specially
made samples of cutters from various grades of alloyed steel were used. With these cutters
the steel rod Ø 12 mm made of St3 steel was cut; the number of cutting cycles preceding
blunting or destruction of the cutting edge of the tool was counted. Analytical study of the
possibility of cutter’s surface hardening by fusing the cutting edge onto it was carried out by
the way of analyzing scientific research in the area of improving the technical characteristics
of a mechanized hydraulic tool.
Findings: It has been experimentally established that Steel 30HGT gives the greatest
number of working cycles before blunting, while steels of the manufacturer (Steel 65G and
Steel 12M) are destroyed in 180 and 200 working cycles, respectively. Other steels are not
destroyed, but can stand fewer number of cutting cycles. To reduce the cost and increase
the efficiency of rescue operations, it is proposed to perform surface hardening of the
tool cutter by fusing the cutting edge made of Steel 30 HGT steel (analogs: in Germany –
30MnCrTi; in the Czech Republic – 14231). Analytical research has shown that manual arc
welding as a method of welding metals is widely tested, reliably reproducible, allows for
surfacing in any conditions outside the fabrication facility and is carried out with non-bulky
equipment. This will increase the life of the hydraulic rescue tool.
Research limitations/implications: The study was conducted for steels that meet the
requirements of national standards.
Practical implications: Equipping rescue workers with a mechanized tool that has
been upgraded by the proposed method improves the efficiency of rescue operations in
emergency situations.
Originality/value: It is proposed to increase the strength and reliability of a mechanized
tool for rescue operations. For the first time, an attempt to substantiate the choice of
method for hardening the cutting edge of an instrument by applying reliably reproducible
technologies was made.
Introduction
Authors: Howard Adam M.
Published: January 2019

“We cannot look to governments for this… . It is a task that we must undertake as private citizens.”

—Max Zaritsky, president of the United Hatters, Cap, and Millinery Workers’ International Union, 1938

Between 1917 and 1948, the American labor movement played a fundamental role in the development and establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine. U.S. labor organizations were not alone in this endeavor, as they operated within a larger international movement to accomplish this goal, but their unique combination of political and financial assets provided crucial resources for the building blocks of a Jewish state. A conglomerate of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) deserves various degrees of credit for the evolution of a Jewish national enterprise in the decades preceding Israel’s establishment in 1948, but U.S. labor organizations played a previously unheralded part in this remarkable example of NGOs operating both transnationally and domestically. Motivated by a desire to bolster a fellow labor movement in Palestine and provide a safe haven for persecuted European Jews, these labor organizations bypassed states and used their own resources over a thirty-year period to aid in the creation of a new country....
It’s Official: We Want to Win
Authors: Tamte Roger R.
Published: January 2019

William R. Harper, founding president of the University of Chicago, sees his school’s football team as an asset useful to attract students. He pioneers in 1892 by hiring Yale graduate Amos Alonzo Stagg to the combined job of physical education professor and football coach and expresses a desire for winning teams. In California, in 1892, students at the new Stanford University get Camp to come west for a couple of weeks in December to help them develop a winning football team for their “big game” against California. The University of Pennsylvania, similarly ambitious to win in 1892, hires its own paid coach, another former Yale player, George Woodruff, and that year defeats Princeton for the first time in twenty-six games.
Breakup
Authors: Tamte Roger R.
Published: January 2019

A Yale football player is accused of intentionally injuring a Harvard football player during the 1894 Harvard-Yale game. Each side vigorously presents their side, but emotions are allowed to build and overcome good sense, until athletic relations between the schools are broken. The same year, Princeton ends football play with Pennsylvania over the issue of graduate players. Camp’s mother, Ellen, dies of typhoid fever in January 1895 at age sixty-one.
Democracy in Action
Authors: Tamte Roger R.
Published: January 2019

With strong leadership from West Point (whose top two leaders are closely tied to President Roosevelt) the December 8, 1905, MacCracken conference votes that football should be reformed (not abolished) and schedules a follow-up conference on December 28 to elect a new rules committee. The old rules committee meets December 9, but Harvard’s Reid prevents rule making, saying he cannot vote until the Harvard special committee acts. Dashiell meets with Roosevelt, who confidentially shows Dashiell a letter from Reid and implies he favors the Harvard committee’s ideas. On December 28, with sixty-eight colleges attending, and led again by West Point, the second MacCracken conference elects a new seven-person rules committee with instructions to amalgamate with the old committee. The old rules committee agrees to amalgamate, and a new rule making order begins. The Intercollegiate Athletic Association (predecessor of the NCAA) is also formed, with Palmer Pierce of West Point elected president.
Sakyo Komatsu’s Planetary Imagination
Authors: Takayuki Tatsumi
Published: January 2019

This chapter explores major works of Sakyo Komatsu, one of the Founding Fathers of contemporary Japanese science fiction, with special emphasis on his 1964 novel The Day of Resurrection, along with Fukasaku Kinji's 1980 film adaptation Virus. While his first novel, The Japanese Apache (1964), narrates the way postwar Japanese have reconstructed their identity as cyborgian, this second novel, The Day of Resurrection, dramatizes how full-scale nuclear war is ignited by the possible coincidences between natural disaster and artificial disaster, which we were to witness nearly fifty years after original publication of the novel—in the multiple disasters in eastern Japan on March 11, 2011. The chapter also speculates on the transnational impacts of the novel upon Michael Crichton's The Andromeda Strain (1969) and Junot Díaz’s The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao (2008).
The Language of Violation
Authors: Howard Yetta
Published: January 2019

In this chapter, ugliness is observable as conceptual and textual in Sapphire’s underground performance poetry and subsequent body of work. Physical, verbal, and sexual abuse operates as a distinctively disquieting poetics that transvalues racial and sexual ugliness for a recognition of the role that abuse plays in conceiving of minority difference. This chapter locates the violated body in and through the Black-Arts–inspired explicit and experiential language of violation in poems from Sapphire’s American Dreams (1994) and Black Wings & Blind Angels (1999). Legacies of survival, abuse, and the pejorative surface as reinscriptions of violence on the queer black body in Sapphire’s related texts: Push (1996), its film adaptation, Precious (2009), and its follow-up novel, The Kid (2011).
The World
Authors: Clark Walter Aaron
Published: January 2019

By 1990 the Romeros occupied a special niche in the world of classical music, as performers, teachers, and recording artists. They performed at the Vatican and White House and were on the mailing lists of several U.S. presidents. In addition, they received knighthoods from King Juan Carlos of Spain, in addition to numerous other honors.
The Romero Repertoire
Authors: Clark Walter Aaron
Published: January 2019

There are basically five ways that the Romeros have added new works to the guitar repertoire: commissioning, composing, arranging, reviving, or improvising them. They have requested works from leading composers in Spain and the U.S.; composed works, mostly by Celedonio for solo guitar; arranged numerous orchestral and stage works for quartet; revived neglected classics, especially from the 1800s; and improvised flamenco numbers, as well as adding flourishes to notated music.
Introduction
Authors: Beauchesne Patrick , Agarwal Sabrina C.
Published: January 2019

This introduction begins with a review of bioarchaeological studies of children and childhood in the past in order to contextualize the advances that have been made in recent decades and also to outline theoretical shortcomings in these studies. This chapter then proceeds with an argument for further integration of biological and social streams of research in order to produce a more holistic bioarchaeology of children. Life course theory, interdisciplinary approaches, and an accounting of developmental plasticity are central to this vision. The chapter concludes with detailed summaries and contextualization of the remaining chapters in the volume.
Sacraments of Memory
Authors: Salius Erin Michael
Published: January 2019

This study argues that Catholicism informs a major genre of African American literature in ways and with a significance that has gone largely unrecognized. Since their emergence in the 1960s and 1970s, contemporary narratives of slavery have challenged the traditional historiography of American slavery, radically revising how we remember that “peculiar institution.” These fictional works disrupt the form and content of slave autobiography, suggesting that the conventions of Enlightenment rationalism to which antebellum texts were bound could not adequately represent the experience and memory of enslavement. Scholarship on the genre has thus tended to focus on the way it undermines the rationalizing impulse of Enlightenment discourse, which in the U.S. as well as in Europe was determined by the ideals of the Protestant Reformation. But while the scholarly attention to Protestantism has yielded valuable insights, it cannot account for the striking presence of Catholicism at the margins of these texts, nor for the way that the religion is imaginatively linked to radical moments of historical revision. Sacraments of Memory thus proposes a new framework for understanding the revisionist aims of these works, contextualizing the skepticism they exhibit towards historical realism in terms of a Catholic counter-tradition in American literature that has long been associated with superstition and irrationality. The authors in the books all marshal this anti-Enlightenment orientation of Catholicism to disrupt the conventional historiography of American slavery and, this book argues, ultimately, to imagine and embody radically different means of remembering the past.
Introduction
Authors: Salius Erin Michael
Published: January 2019

This introduction considers why African American authors would engage Catholicism in their efforts to revise the national discourse on slavery during the civil rights and Black Power movements, a period characterized by a deep suspicion of the cultural institutions that historically supported the rise of slave societies in the Americas. Contemporary narratives of slavery, from the earliest to the most recent, devote significant aesthetic attention to Catholic rituals and mysteries—even as they remain sharply critical of the political and social policies of the Catholic Church. The introduction charts this tension by locating the genre’s emergence during a time when heightened public attention to Catholicism following the Vatican II proceedings on race coincided with the rise of a broader national conversation on the legacy of slavery. It argues that this confluence is reflected in the ambivalence with which the contemporary slave narrative approaches Catholicism.
Toni Morrison’s Sacramental Rememory
Authors: Salius Erin Michael
Published: January 2019

Chapter 1 considers two novels by Toni Morrison which are widely celebrated for undermining Enlightenment rationalism: Beloved and A Mercy. As critics often note, Morrison’s concept of rememory—an antirealist trope, premised on the supernatural irruption of the past in the present—achieves this by imagining an alternative history of slavery. Yet a complete picture of these novels requires an account of the way that Morrison structures rememory—quite remarkably and with palpable historical reservations—as a Catholic sacrament. The chapter therefore addresses a significant gap in scholarship on Morrison (who identifies as Catholic), but never does it imply that her religious vision is uncritical or pure. Rather, it suggests that the sacramental aspects of rememory are in constant tension with the sharp critique of Catholicism evident in both novels. That critique builds upon the sociological study of slave religion that Orlando Patterson developed in Slavery and Social Death, particularly his pioneering claim that “the special version of Protestantism” which arose in the American South as slave religion was, in key respects, theologically “identical” to Catholicism.
A Sacred Communion
Authors: Salius Erin Michael
Published: January 2019

Chapter 2 focuses on another trope that upsets the realist and rationalist discourse of slavery: spirit possession. Whereas existing scholarship stresses the postmodernist resonances of this trope, the chapter argues that Catholicism serves to frame—and even to facilitate—the antirealist effect that spirit possession has on two contemporary narratives of slavery. First is Ernest Gaines’s The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman, which is one of the earliest examples of the genre and a novel rarely associated with either spirit possession or Catholicism. By highlighting where Jane’s narrative voice is possessed by other speakers, this chapter documents how the Catholic characters in the novel enable it to engage radically antirealist views about history without ultimately endorsing them. The second part of the chapter focuses on Leon Forrest’s critically acclaimed but insufficiently studied novel Two Wings to Veil My Face, which also figures storytelling as a kind of spirit possession. Despite its obvious skepticism towards organized religion, the novel depicts these spiritual intercessions as Catholic sacraments: rituals of eating and drinking that recall the Eucharist. Thus, Catholicism is implicated in the way the narrator remembers slavery and in the parts of his history that are “beyond understanding.”
Catholicism and Narrative Time
Authors: Salius Erin Michael
Published: January 2019

Chapter 3 opens the examination of the trope of temporal disjuncture, which will continue in chapter four. It argues that Phyllis Alesia Perry’s Stigmata and Charles Johnson’s Oxherding Tale manipulate past and present modalities (respectively), to contradict the Enlightenment principle that history moves forward progressively and linearly. However, where most scholarship on these novels links temporal disjuncture to non-Western conceptions of time, this chapter suggests that their alternative temporalities reveal a strange and often disconcerting faithfulness to the theology of time that Augustine of Hippo laid out in some of his most canonical works. Since Augustinian theology has had such formative, lasting consequences for Western Christianity, and Catholicism in particular, the argument uncovers a tension in these novels, both of which very plainly reject Western conceptions of chronological progress. Yet such theological contradictions constitute the revisionary historiographic aims of the genre and establish its importance to our understanding of African American literarature.
The Remarkable Kinship of Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings and Ellen Glasgow
Authors: Lear Ashley Andrews
Published: January 2019

During the last year of her life, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings took on the arduous task of collecting materials toward a biography she intended to write on her deceased friend, Ellen Glasgow. The two authors met through correspondences they exchanged about their novels. Glasgow was drawn to Rawlings’s sympathy for animals and enthusiasm for nature. Rawlings discovered in Glasgow a writer who was able to articulate the same experiences she underwent when beginning and finishing writing projects. In The Remarkable Kinship of Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings and Ellen Glasgow, Ashley Lear examines the documents collected by Rawlings on Glasgow, along with her personal notes, to better understand the experiences that brought these two women writers together and the importance of literary friendships between women writers. Glasgow and Rawlings were pioneers of American literature, similarly characterized as regional writers and known for writing novels that were not typical of other women writing during their respective periods. This study sheds new light on the complexities of their professional success and personal struggles, both of which led them to find friendship and sympathy with one another.
Unfaithful Followers
Authors: Caldemeyer Dana M.
Published: January 2019

The United Mine Workers of America (UMW) had roughly 13,000 members when it called for a nationwide suspension in bituminous coal production in April 1894, but over 150,000 primarily non-union miners quit work in support of the UMW-orchestrated strike for better pay. Despite their longstanding hostility to UMW leaders and organizing tactics, miners in southern coalfields like Missouri and Kentucky were among the thousands to join the strike but not the union. This essay considers why laborers would follow the orders of a union they refused to join by considering the social and economic factors that shaped miners’ concepts of unionism. Ultimately, non-union participation in the 1894 coal strike demonstrated that non-unionism did not necessarily denote a rejection of union sentiment. Rather, workers could maintain a culture of faithfulness to union ideals even if they did not maintain union membership.
Nutrition and Reproductive Ecology
Authors: Lesnik Julie J.
Published: January 2019

Chapter 4 reviews the interplay between nutrition and natural selection. Much of the discussion of evolution of the human diet revolves around energetic requirements because the increased demand is easy to identify as brain and body size increase over our lineage. However, it is important to be reminded that nutrients have other roles besides yielding energy, primarily regulatory and structural. These latter functions are especially important from the viewpoint of female pregnancy and child rearing. This incongruence of reproductive demands between the sexes lends to the discussion of the evolution of sexual division of labor in human societies, suggesting that some of the differences in resource acquisition may be related to different nutritional needs.
The Potential for Future Discovery
Authors: Lesnik Julie J.
Published: January 2019

Reconstructing the behavior of past hominins has numerous limitations. Scientific discovery requires evidence-based research and the paleoanthropological record only preserves fragments of past ways of life. However, the models created here with data collected from extant populations establish hypotheses and predictions for this hominin behavior, which is the important first step in the scientific process. This chapter investigates how future research can inform on the ancient use of insects as food. First, the models presented here were created from currently available data; more research that directly investigates the insect portion of extant diets and increased standardization for the reporting of data will help to refine these data models. Second, numerous analytical methods are available for the reconstruction of past diets and these are explored regarding their potential for informing on hominin use of edible insects. Once the dietary use of insects becomes a more established research focus, evidence will begin revealing itself.
Science and the (Meta)Physical Body
Authors: Dalton David S.
Published: January 2019

Chapter 1 discusses José Vasconcelos’s notion of a cosmic race through a posthuman reading of his seminal essay The Cosmic Race [La raza cósmica] (1925) and his largely forgotten play Prometeo vencedor (1916?). Because Vasconcelos and his Ateneo colleagues were all famously antipositivist, they were suspicious of scientific discourses that purported to hold a monopoly on the “truth.” However, they also lived in a twentiethcentury society in which scientific discourse had gained intellectual hegemony. My chapter begins by asserting science as one of many discourses that compose Vasconcelos’s philosophy of Aesthetic Monism, which subordinates human knowledge to an overriding aesthetic imperative. Afterwards I use a close reading of Prometeo vencedor to assert the key role of science—especially in the guise of technology—in establishing both a worldwide mestizo society and a spiritual, posthuman superation of the body.
Emilio Fernández, Gabriel Figueroa, and the Race for Mexico’s Body
Authors: Dalton David S.
Published: January 2019

This chapter looks at an especially interesting articulation of the posthuman within the indigenista films of Emilio “El Indio” Fernández. It identifies an attempt to modernize indigenous peasants by exposing their bodies to modern medicine. The chapter views these films in the context of Roberto Esposito’s “immunization paradigm,” a biopolitical theory that compares the medical process of immunization to the state’s role of subject creation. When a people lacks a natural immunity to a vice (improper performativity of race and gender in the case of these films), a new actor, such as the state, must step in and provide an artificial immunity. Using this theoretical framework, the chapter analyzes the films Río Escondido (1947), María Candelaria (1944), Enamorada (1946), and The Torch (1950). The readings suggest that we approach these films as allegories for a postrevolutionary society where immunological discourses prescribe appropriate gender and racial performativity for the nation.
Presence and Memory
Authors: Green Alexandra
Published: January 2019

Chapter Two examines the depicted events and scenes as expressions of religious commemoration and as promoting particular social, political, and religious hierarchies. The relationships between the main, usually sculpted, Buddha image and the painted walls created a narrative structure that encompassed the temple interior as a whole and made the Buddha present within the space and in the contemporary moment. The mural sites created a place to remember and honor the Buddha, with the sculpted and painted biographical narratives making him available to contemporary Burmese. The wall paintings illustrated what was culturally praiseworthy to the Burmese, reinforced the relevance of these things socially, and inspired people to participate in the dominant cultural discourse. In the process of doing so, the commemorative imagery demonstrated the field of merit surrounding Gotama Buddha. It memorialized his great achievement and the awakenings of the Buddhas before him, presenting them to the current audience and preserving them for future ones. However, it is the structure of the paintings within the temple layout - the disposition of the images and the selection of stories - that integrated the representations of the Buddhas into a complete unit.
Ako skúmať voľby v priestore mesta: prípad snemovných volieb 2017 v Prahe
Authors: Kerekes Daniel
Published: January 2019

The study uses the 2017 parliamentary elections results to analyses spatial patterns of votes in the city of Prague. A unique approach combining contextual and compositional data is introduced. Census data and data indicating the quality of life are reassigned to a shared entity – an address point, and analysed via automatic linear modelling. The model explained 69 % of spatial variance of votes share for the conservative TOP 09 party and the winning ANO 2011 movement, but only 19  % for the Pirate Party and the Mayors and Independence movement. Future research might focus on finding variables which would explain spatial variance of these parties’ vote shares. Abother possibility is the development of a methodology for studying votes spatiality within urban areas, in order to develop a robust theory.
Partial state capture by a single oligarchic group: The Gorilla Case in Slovakia
Authors: Školkay Andrej
Published: January 2019

The article discusses the Gorilla case, an officially still-contested partial state capture by a single local oligarchic group, in line with the (partial) Elite Cartels corruption pattern in Slovakia. Due to the manner in which evidence, although considered unofficial, was made available, this case illustrates secret political and business processes during partial state capture. The initial absence of the case in public, political, and academic discourses, suggests that state capture can be present and operate undetected for a long time. This study also shows that in-depth analysis of the Gorilla case was avoided by both domestic and international political scientists, despite its paramount practical and theoretical importance. This, in turn, reflects a methodological capture of political science. Consequently, this article disentangles the complexities of the Gorilla case and lays down the foundation for further studies. Specifically, it highlights the need for more careful research, terminological precision in both theory-building and empirical findings on state and media capture based on case studies, as well as re-assessment of the methodology of political sciences used in these research areas.
Alfaites romeo gen. et sp. nov., a new Hyolitha from the Cambrian of Skryje-Týřovice Basin (Czech Republic)
Authors: Valent Martin , Fatka Oldřich , Marek Ladislav
Published: January 2019

The rare hyolith Alfaites romeo gen. et sp. nov. is described from the lower half of the middle Cambrian (Drumian) Buchava Formation of the Skryje-Týřovice Basin in the Barrandian area of the Czech Republic. This new taxon is based on excellently preserved external and internal moulds of three opercula and several conchs collected from carbonate nodules and shale. This rare species has been established at three separate outcrops in the lower part of the Biozone of Paradoxides (Eccaparadoxides) pusillus (Barrande 1846). Morphology of conch and both external and internal surface of operculum are well known. However, specific morphology excludes assignment to any predescribed hyolithid family.
The Liaison between Analytic and Ancient Philosophy and Its Consequences
Authors: Rapp Christof
Published: January 2019

Is it reasonable to expect that the occupation with history of philosophy contributes to our contemporary philosophical debate? The scholarship on ancient philosophy seems to be a paradigm case for the discussion of this kind of question. In the 1950s and 1960s, philosophers and scholars such as John L. Austin, Gilbert Ryle, G.E.L. Owen, John Ackrill and Gregory Vlastos initiated a new style of scholarship that was influenced by analytic philosophy. This analytic style of ancient philosophy scholarship encouraged philosophers to take arguments presented by Plato or Aristotle more seriously and to import ancient ideas into contemporary debates. It was objected that analytic scholars tend to be thematically narrow and to neglect the historical context. By sketching the development of the first two generations of analytic scholarship this chapter tries to show that analytic scholarship need not be anachronistic and that the gain of this method outweighs possible excesses.
ACHIEVED LEVEL OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Perić Goran , Avramović Mira , Stojiljković Marija
Published: January 2019

It is known that the long-standing political and economic environment in our country has stopped the development of tourism and that the quality and diverse resource base of the Republic of Serbia is not sufficiently utilized. The offer of Serbian tourism products, spontaneously developed for the needs of domestic tourism, is not able to respond to the contemporary trends of the international tourist market, because there have been major changes in the market according to which the Republic of Serbia has not adapted its tourist offer. This has directed the subject of research in this paper to determine the achieved level of tourism development in the Republic of Serbia. Based on the new demands of modern tourists and global trends in tourism, the Republic of Serbia has the opportunity to capitalize its current position, to form a tourist offer and to achieve significant growth in the tourism sector and thereby provide a place on the world tourist map.
HUMAN RESOURCES IN THE FUNCTION OF EUROPEAN UNION COMPETITIVENESS AS TOURISM DESTINATION
Authors: Milićević Snežana , Petrović Jelena
Published: January 2019

Human resources are the important factor of the destination competitiveness because they are one of the most important elements that influence the perf business success of enterprises in the tourist destination. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the specificity of human resources in the tourism and their impact on the competitiveness of European Union (EU) member as tourist destinations. The aim of the paper is to quantify the impact of the number of employees in the tourism industry and their hourly gross earnings as a motivational factor on the competitiveness of the observed tourism destinations. The results indicatethat the number of employees and hourly gross earnings are significant factors of competitiveness of the observed destinations.
Auscultations
Authors: Connor Steven
Published: January 2019

This article explores the history and significance of tinnitus.
Ordinary sonic public space. Sound perception parameters in urban public spaces and sonic representations associated with urban forms
Authors: MARRY Solène
Published: January 2019

The research referred to in the article concerns the factors influencing the perception of ordinary sonic public space and everyday sounds. Sound perception parameters, such as vegetation or sound sources, are analysed in urban public spaces. This research, which is based on my PhD project, tries to understand how urban people perceive their sonic environment and try to contribute to sonic ambiance knowledge. The research is based on a qualitative investigation conducted among 29 people. It is, on the one hand, based on questionnaires and focus groups in situ and, on the other hand, on individual interviews (in-depth interviews, sonic mind maps), and it illustrates different parameters (temporal, spatial, sensitive and individual) that influence a person’s assessment of the sound environment. This qualitative investigation is correlated with acoustic measures in two seasons. The results show, among other things, the impact of vegetation and urban fittings on sonic perception, and they underline the influence of city planning and urban fittings on sound perception in public urban spaces.
The sounds of capitalism
Authors: Graakjær Nicolai Jørgensgaard
Published: January 2019

Taylor, T. (2012). The sounds of capitalism. Advertising, music, and theconquest of culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
The show starts here: viewers’ interactions with recent television serials’ main title sequences
Authors: Davison Annette
Published: January 2019

Recent title sequences for high production value television serials are generally one of two kinds: either extremely minimal, appearing part way through the episode with credits dispersed through the show, or as an extended format of c. ninety seconds’ duration, at or near the start of the show. In a previous book chapter I presented analyses of examples of the latter, arguing that the sequences form an efficient part of the brand image for both the show and commissioning channel. In order to explore the extent to which such sequences are watched or skipped by viewers, and how such decisions are made I organised a series of preliminary focus groups in February 2012 with participants who identified themselves as regular viewers of television serials, the findings of which are presented here. Two forms of stimuli were used: a main title sequence and an end credit sequence from a serial where different music is selected for this sequence for each episode. Analysis of the discussions indicates that the decision to view these sequences is dependent on a variety of factors. While for some the titles are required viewing, the participants in the groups are more likely to persistently view an end credit sequence where the music changes with the episode than an unchanging main title sequence. Perhaps most surprising, given the increase in opportunities for mobile viewing, is that for the participants of these groups television serials continue to be associated with social viewing in a domestic setting.
Sonic ingredients in television food programmes
Authors: Larsen Charlotte Rørdam
Published: January 2019

The main focus of this article is the use, significance, and role of sound in food and food travel programmes, exemplified by cooking programmes broadcast on Danish television – public service and commercial channels. The aim is to demonstrate how sound and music in this kind of programme plays an important part mediating both the cooking and the kitchen as wellordered and well organized. The use of music represents flow, but refers also to locality, globality and identity, and is often linked to the notions of nostalgia, tradition and authenticity, and contributes to an aesthetization of food programmes as it forms part of the performance and presentation of meals. The early kitchen programmes emphasized on information, as a kind of living cooking books as the idea was to enlighten the housewives and their practices by challenging their common sense choices introducing a more French inspired kitchen. In relation to such kitchen programmes todays cooking programmes seem to appeal to a broader sensibility as they present us to the possibilities of modern life, and the chefs’ multisensuorious performances underlines this – often induced by the sound. It is through the sounds in food programmes that an authentic experience of taste and smell is mediated to the viewer: both through the lustful, approving sounds made by presenters and through the cooks’ handling of raw materials. What looks delicious, also smells and tastes delicious – mediated through sound.
The Spectacular Suburb: Creativity and affordance in Contemporary Electronic Music and Sound Art
Authors: Strachan Robert
Published: January 2019

This article examines the relationship between sound, creative practice and the representation of landscape and environment. It uses an analysis of a single sound art/electronic music event, the Spectacular Suburb, a collaboration between sound recordist Chris Watson and the electronic producer/musician Matthew Herbert, as a central case study. Drawing upon interview material and the author’s own experiences as a curator of the event the article explores how individual sound objects are utilized subject to differing creative strategies. The article proposes a theoretical model of creativity influenced by ecological approaches to human perception. In particular, it suggests that for electronic musicians and sound artists creativity takes place according to complex affordance structures characterized by the relationship between the physical properties of sound, a highly nuanced set of socially constructed contexts, and specific technological and musical conventions.
Sonic drifting: sound, city and psychogeography
Authors: Chattopadhyay Budhaditya
Published: January 2019

Studying and perceiving an emerging city by listening to its sounds might be phenomenologically reductive in approach, but it can lead to a framework for understanding the fabric of the urban environment through artistic practice. This paper describes a sound work, Elegy for Bangalore, and examines its artistic processes in order to shed light on the methodologies for listening to an expanding city by engaging with multilayered urban contexts and, subsequently, evoking the psychogeography of the city through sound-based artistic practice. The paper further investigates the project’s approach, development and method to speculate on present urban conditions in countries like India experiencing rapid growth. Devising the unfolding auditory situation of an Indian city in corresponding acts of drifting, listening, recording and composing, this paper examines the processes of perceiving an apparently chaotic and disorganised urban environment with its multisensory complexity.
Listening today. James Ferraro's ‘Far Side Virtual' and the fate of functional sounds
Authors: Cappetta Andrew
Published: January 2019

On his 2011 release, ‘Far Side Virtual’, artist and musician James Ferraro employs a distinctly new, yet familiar palette of sounds from the logon sound of Skype to alert sounds from com- puter programmes and melodic ringtones. The record demonstrates that the functional sounds of the digital listening environment often interrupt and become enmeshed in the programmed composition. While some critics lauded ‘Far Side Virtual’ as a playful conceptual gambit of music-making and listening in the digital age (it was named ‘Record of the Year’ by The Wire), others criticised the utter banality of its sources. This reaction reveals a deep irony within an experimental music community dedicated to the theories of John Cage. Listening – Cage’s liber- ating approach towards music-making that allowed non-musical, functional sounds to enter the composition – has become an orthodoxy with strictly defined stylistic parameters. On ‘Far Side Virtual’ Ferraro adopts Cage’s method of listening as composing and, in the process, reveals how these methods seek to remove sounds from their contextual origins, an impossibil- ity in the contemporary digital listening environment.
Contemplating the voice apparatus - AGF’s Source Voice at the limits of ‘poemproducing’
Authors: Angelucci Malcolm
Published: January 2019

This article is a study of the nexus between voice, technology and vocal enunciation in the work of AGF (aka Antye Greie-Ripatti), an electronic musician, producer, composer and singer based in Hailuoto, Finland. It offers a definition of AGF’s ‘poemproducing’, a technique, practice and poetic that radically challenges the centrality of ‘human’ and embodied voice in enunciation and instead thinks voice as immediately entangled in the complex web of a natural/cultural linguistic/technological apparatus. Starting from this definition, the article discusses the aesthetic and political consequences of this approach, focussing on its most radical example the album Source Voice (2013), read through Giorgio Agamben’s definition of gesture and means without ends.
Editorial.Homenaje a María Luisa Martínez Chacón y Luis C. Sánchez De Posada
Authors: Villa Elisa , Álvarez-Vázquez Carmen
Published: January 2019

Con este volumen, la Sociedad Española de Paleontología quiere rendir homenaje a los paleontólogos María Luisa Martínez Chacón (Lis) y Luis Sánchez de Posada (Suco), una pareja que ha dedicado mucho tiempo y esfuerzo a trabajar por el bien común, ha dejado huella en sus respectivos campos de la ciencia, y, sobre todo, ha repartido afecto y ha construido amistad en todos los ámbitos de su vida.
Primer estudio experimental sobre los efectos de la digestión en restos esqueléticos de murciélagos (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Authors: Canales-Brellenthin Patricia , Fernández-Jalvo Yolanda , Sevilla Paloma
Published: January 2019

Taphonomic studies dealing with small mammals do not usually consider bats. Therefore, the degree to which bat bones are modi? ed by predation and other taphonomic agents are largely unknown. Here we present the results obtained from a set of experiments developed to approach this issue, focusing initially on the e?ect of digestion. For this purpose several bat bones and teeth were exposed to HCl and to two di?erent proteolithic enzymes. The experiments showed that bat bones are altered by acidic and enzymatic attack in a similar way as the bones of other small mammals. However, some patterns were observed in the teeth that had not been previously described in other groups. Thus, both the intensity of alteration in a tooth and the way in which it advanced during the process varied depending on whether it was an upper or lower tooth, its size or its position in the tooth-row.
The Pseudo-Impressionist Novel
Authors: Matz Jesse
Published: January 2019

How impressionist style persists apparently unchanged in the contemporary fiction of W. G. Sebald, Michael Cunningham, and Colm Toibin, all of whom pay explicit homage to the original impressionist writers.
Shelter Writing
Authors: Fraiman Susan
Published: January 2019

Defines and illustrates the concept of “shelter writing”: a mode of slow, step-by-step description, cherishing the actions of homemaking in the aftermath of domestic dislocation. Offers the paradigmatic example of Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719), focuses on Leslie Feinberg’s Stone Butch Blues (1993), and closes by touching on the reality TV show Queer Eye for the Straight Guy. Establishes the logic of hyper-investment in homemaking as compensation for domestic deprivation or difficulty. Calls on Gaston Bachelard’s The Poetics of Space for his notion of the “felicitous house,” while also placing more emphasis than Bachelard on the reality of domestic labor.
Undocumented Homes
Authors: Fraiman Susan
Published: January 2019

Takes up three novels written by women who share the immigrant backgrounds of their characters: The House on Mango Street (1984) by Sandra Cisneros; Lucy (1990) by Jamaica Kincaid; and Blu’s Hanging (1997) by Lois-Ann Yamanaka. Suggests they point to the hybridity of all households—their influence by multiple cultural traditions, vocabularies, and technologies. Offers them, further, as striking examples of heterogeneity within a single household—differences and inequalities between males and females, adults and children, employers and employees. Brings out their backstories of conquest, slavery, and internment as examples of domestic dislocation not only in space but also over time; not only of individuals but also of groups; removal from one’s home or homeland not only by choice but also by force.
Statement of the Problem
Authors: Almgren Gunnar
Published: January 2019

This chapter provides a narrative of the complex origins of the American Exceptionalism in health care and the main impediments to the realization of health care as a social right afforded to all Americans. As the chapter discusses, at the heart of American Exceptionalism in health care is “The Great Unsustainable Compromise”, that is, a fragmented mixed-public and private system of health care finance and delivery that has been built around a subsidized employment-based insurance system with selective entitlements to health care for the poor and aged. After tracing the development of the Great Unsustainable Compromise from the demise of the Truman Plan in the late 1940's at the behest of the American Medical Association through the enactment of the Medicare and Medicaid entitlements in 1965, the chapter explains the seeds of its demise and its gradually unraveling over the final decades of the 20th century. In its concluding section, the chapter advances the arguments for the inevitability of the evolvement of the health care system to a publicly financed universal entitlement to comprehensive health care as a social right of citizenship.
The Emergence of the New Era of Reform
Authors: Almgren Gunnar
Published: January 2019

The chapter begins with a review of the efforts to reform health care in ways that would assure health care for all Americans, beginning with Progressive Era reforms in the early 1900’s through the William Clinton administration’s ill-fated Health Security Act in the early 1990’s. After delving into the less ambitious reforms of late 1900’s aimed at cost-containment and incremental expansions of health insurance coverage for low-income children, the chapter examines the devolution of the employment-based insurance for working families was pivotal to the economic and political context of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2009 –the first federal legislation in U.S. history to advance universal health insurance for all American citizens as its central goal. The chapter concludes with a prognosis for the successful implementation of the ACA, as well as its long term prospects.
The Theoretical Foundations for Health Care as a Social Right of Citizenship
Authors: Almgren Gunnar
Published: January 2019

This chapter provides readers with a concise explanation of the two works, that in synthesis with each other, provide the theoretical framework for the book’s central arguments pertaining to ends to be realized in radical health care reform: TH Marshall’s Theory of Citizenship and the Welfare State and John Rawls’ “Justice as Fairness” Theory of Justice. After acquainting the reader with the major concepts considered in this chapter (such as democratic society, citizenship, health, health care and universal health care), and then the more conventional justifications for a universal right to health care, the chapter turns to the justifications for particular social rights that are advanced by both Marshall and Rawls in accordance with the requirements of democratic citizenship –ending with the particular justifications for health care as a social right of citizenship.
Special Issues and Considerations
Authors: Almgren Gunnar
Published: January 2019

This chapter addresses a number of thorny issues having to do with segments of the national population that in one way or the other either 1) represent exceptions to the general case of American citizens that have the possibility of realizing/retaining the functional requisites of political citizenship, or 2) might possess special claims and entitlements that transcend the social rights to the majority of citizens. This chapter takes up that task by addressing such issues as: reconciling the escalating health care needs of aging citizens with the imperatives of intergenerational equity, identifying basis for and limits to a social right to health care for the severely disabled and incapacitated, defining the substantive health care rights for undocumented workers and their dependents, and incorporating the special status and health care obligations historically extended both to veterans in recognition and compensation for military service. and finally to Native Americans as fulfillment of both treaty rights and compensation for their tragic “embodiment” of historical oppression and cultural genocide.
Spiritual Suffering
Authors: Callahan Ann M.
Published: January 2019

Chapter 4 explores the experience of spiritual suffering and how spiritual suffering might influence other aspects of biopsychosocial functioning. Spirituality can have a profound effect on how patients cope with terminal illness (Hills, Pace, Cameron, & Shott, 2005; Lukoff, n.d.), which can be a source of relief or significant distress (Peteet & Balboni, 2013; Edwards, Pang, Shiu, & Chan, 2010; Murray, Kendall, Boyd, Worth, & Benton, 2004; Puchalski, 2008c; Pargament, Feuille, & Burdzy, 2011). There are a variety of resources can help patients build and/or sustain spiritual resilience as they face the end of life. This chapter ends with a call for hospice social workers to cultivate a type of therapeutic relationship that serves as a spiritual resource for every patient.