bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A radiologist's perspective of the value of ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration cytology in the assessment of head and neck lesions
Authors: Cozens Neil James Alan
Published: May 2021

This viewpoint presents a radiologist's perspective of the value that can be added by close collaboration and teamwork with cytopathologist colleagues to maximise specimen quality, adequacy, and patient outcomes. Various models are discussed and service evolution through teamwork emphasised. The importance of utilising ultrasound guidance for fine needle aspiration in head and neck lesions and critical appraisal of the literature are reviewed.
Why we stopped using the term ‘aftercare’
Authors: MacLean Sarah J. , Caluzzi Gabriel , Ferry Mark , Bruun Andrew , Skattebol Jennifer , Neale Joanne , Bryant Joanne
Published: May 2021

The words we choose to describe alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatments and interventions reveal assumptions about how we understand AOD use. Moreover, they have important implications for how the treatment is imagined, implemented and funded. Service provision which follows engagement in an intensive (usually residential) program is often called ‘aftercare’ in the international AOD field. In this commentary, we argue that the term ‘aftercare’ fails to articulate the nature of ongoing care required by people who are managing AOD use. We maintain that ‘aftercare’ positions post‐residential care as being less important than other treatment modalities, rather than as integral to a continuum of care. It is a term that implies that care should be acute, like much treatment delivered through a medical model, and assumes that people follow linear pathways in managing their AOD use. Assumptions embedded in the term ‘aftercare’ such as these may disincline governments from funding ongoing services for people exiting intensive programs. Alternative terms including ‘continuing coordinated care’ more aptly signal the integrated and ongoing service provision that should be available to support people in sustaining changes initiated through other AOD interventions.
Epidemiology of status epilepticus in children
Authors: Newton Charles R
Published: May 2021

This commentary is on the original article by Mitchell et al. on pages 1075–1084 of this issue.
A novel echocardiographic approach for assessing coronary artery origins
Authors: DeZorzi Christopher , Marsh Alan , Binkley Tracy , Fleddermann Adam , Gratton Travis , Main Michael L. , Jones Philip , Magalski Anthony
Published: May 2021

Introduction

Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA) is a potential etiology of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in physically active individuals. Identification of coronary artery origins is an essential part of comprehensive pre‐participation athletic screening. Although echocardiography is an established method for identifying AAOCA, current imaging protocols are time intensive and readers frequently have low confidence in coronary artery identification.

Methods

Echocardiographic images from a sample of 110 patients from a database of competitive athletes ages 13‐22 years from the Kansas City metropolitan area were reviewed by six echocardiographers of varying experience. Coronary artery images were provided to the readers in the conventional single plane for all the patients; then biplane images of the same patients were presented to the readers. While reviewing the images, readers recorded perceived confidence level of identifying the coronary artery from 1 (least confident) to 5 (most confident). Ratings and differences between ratings were summarized descriptively by means and standard deviations across all readings as well as by individual reader.

Results

The mean confidence level of echocardiogram readers in identifying coronary artery origins increased by 0.4 points (P = .05) on a five‐point confidence scale when using biplane imaging rather than single plane imaging. When assessing the variability of confidence of readers on the same patient, the between‐reader variability improved from 25.9% to 10.3%.

Conclusions

Biplane echocardiographic imaging increases the confidence of readers in identifying coronary artery origins.
After the great inventions: technological change in UK cotton spinning, 1780–1835
Authors: Maw Peter , Solar Peter , Kane Aidan , Lyons John S.
Published: May 2021

This article analyses the improvement of cotton‐spinning technologies in the years after the great inventions of Hargreaves, Arkwright, and Crompton. While these ‘macro‐inventions’ have attracted considerable historical attention, our understanding of the major changes in types and sizes of spinning machines used in the UK between the 1780s and the onset of state‐collected factory statistics in the 1830s is still largely based on the experience of high‐profile firms or specific technologies and regions. A new dataset of 1,465 machinery advertisements published in newspapers in England, Scotland, and Ireland between 1780 and 1835 allows us to examine the temporal and spatial dimensions of the market for cotton‐spinning machinery, the timings of transitions between different spinning machines, and increases in machine size. The article demonstrates the importance of post‐invention technical improvements in the cotton industry, showing that the productivity increases associated with the initial transition from hand to machine spinning have been overstated and that larger gains were made in the ‘micro‐invention’ phase, when spinning machines became larger and faster, and required fewer workers to operate them.
Quasi in domo propria sub securitate sanaretur: a peace agreement between King Swein Forkbeard and Duke Richard II of Normandy
Authors: Bauduin Pierre
Published: May 2021

In his Gesta Normannorum Ducum, William of Jumièges related that the Danish king Swein Forkbeard, at the outset of his conquest of England, came to Rouen and met Richard II. Both leaders negotiated a peace agreement that authorized the Danes to sell their booty in Normandy and provided them with assistance and security. This article examines the circumstances and the clauses of the agreement and its place in the narrative of the Gesta. The author linked the circumstances of the agreement to the St Brice’s Day massacre, which provided him with the opportunity to present a very negative portrait of King Æthelred II. While one should be very careful about the author's claims and chronology, a comparison with other similar agreements renders the terms of the treaty, as related by William, plausible.
Key questions for conservation tenders as a means for delivering biodiversity benefits on private land
Authors: Fitzsimons James , Cooke Benjamin
Published: May 2021

In 2021, as part of the Convention on Biological Diversity, the world’s nations will meet to determine biodiversity targets for this decade, including area‐based protection targets. Conservation tenders (a form of market‐based instrument) have been used in several countries for the protection and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystem services​ within a defined area, mostly on private land. Conservation tenders are promoted as delivering cost‐effective and targeted investment/outcomes in the context of limited funding for conservation. Despite the significant investment in the approach, the resultant biodiversity conservation outcomes from these tenders have received relatively little research attention. Key questions on the efficacy of conservation tenders for achieving biodiversity conservation outcomes are discussed, to inform policy makers, programme managers and researchers. Questions include the following: (i) What are the conservation objectives that conservation tenders seek to address that other mechanisms cannot?, (ii) What have been the biodiversity outcomes realised as they relate to ecosystem/habitat representation or ecosystem services?, (iii) How do policy makers plan to realise biodiversity values beyond the term of the agreement given no publicly stated strategy on securing long‐term outcomes?, (iv) Is reporting of activities and results sufficient to judge changed biodiversity condition or delivery of expected outcomes at the end of the agreement, and are there efforts/plans/aims to follow up on outcomes post the agreement term?, (v) What proportion of successful tenderers have a protective conservation covenant in place prior to signing a tender or as a result of signing a tender agreement?, (vi) What do we know about the intentions and capacity of landholders beyond the term of the agreement and what has been the fate of agreements (and conservation outcomes) if they have changed hands during the course of the agreement?, (vii) Is the confidential nature of bidding in many conservation tenders missing the opportunity for collective or collaborative conservation efforts that can sustain learning and enthusiasm post‐tender?, and (viii) Is the information on ecological values (ecosystem type, quality, landscape context etc) presented or made available in a way to landholders that maximises likely bidding to ensure a large pool and thus programme efficiency?
Demonstrating Attachment‐Based Family Therapy for Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth with Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior: A Case Study
Authors: Russon Jody , Smithee Lauren , Simpson Samantha , Levy Suzanne , Diamond Guy
Published: May 2021

Suicide is a growing public health issue among adolescents. While the majority of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth are healthy, many experience suicidal thoughts and behavior (STB). Due to discrimination and stigma, TGD youth attempt suicide at higher rates then heterosexual, cisgender and even cisgender, LGBQ youth. Despite this vulnerability to suicide, few treatments have been developed and tested for this population. One treatment, attachment‐based family therapy (ABFT) has been adapted to work with LGBQ youth and may be promising for TGD adolescents at risk for suicide. This article provides an overview of our ABFT modifications for TGD youth with thoughts of suicide. Specifically, we illustrate how treatment outcomes, in a single case study, relate to processes within clinical treatment tasks. The case study demonstrates the application of these ABFT modifications with a self‐identified, gender nonconforming adolescent (who had recently attempted suicide) and his caregivers. Treatment evaluation measures were collected over the course of 24 weeks to illustrate the youth’s clinical progress. The youth’s suicidal symptoms diminished markedly by the end of treatment. Further, the family reported an increased ability for problem solving and more open communication by treatment conclusion.
Faire et défaire le genre au travail: parcours professionnels de personnes trans en Suisse
Authors: PARINI Lorena
Published: May 2021

L'autrice s'intéresse aux effets de la transidentité sur le parcours professionnel. À partir d'entretiens individuels approfondis, réalisés avec douze personnes trans en 2014–2015 en Suisse, elle fait ressortir les difficultés et réussites de ces trajectoires, en organisant l'analyse selon trois dimensions: la différence selon le type de transition (vers le genre féminin ou masculin), la conciliation parfois difficile entre les temporalités de la transition et celles de l'organisation et la gestion du coming out. Dans une réflexion finale sur l'accès des personnes trans à la citoyenneté économique, l'autrice recommande de réviser la législation du travail et de mieux sensibiliser les cadres aux thématiques de la transidentité.
Acute oxygen use in hospitalised patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is guideline discordant
Authors: Deshpande Sheetal , Datey Nainika , Liacos Alexandra , Joosten Simon A. , Leong Paul
Published: May 2021

Ample evidence supports an association between acute oxygen over‐administration and harm. Australian and international guidelines consistently recommend lower oxygen saturation aims in populations with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We assessed adherence to acute oxygen use guidelines and outcomes in hospitalised patients with COPD at a large Australian metropolitan hospital network.
Essentials of a new clinical practice guidance on familial hypercholesterolaemia for physicians
Authors: Watts Gerald F. , Sullivan David R. , Hare David L. , Kostner Karam M. , Horton Ari E. , Bell Damon A. , Brett Tom , Trent Ronald J. , Poplawski Nicola K. , Martin Andrew C. , Srinivasan Shubha , Justo Robert N. , Chow Clara K. , Pang Jing ,   and members of the FH Australasia Network Consensus Working Group
Published: May 2021

Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a common, heritable and preventable cause of premature coronary artery disease. New clinical practice recommendations are presented to assist practitioners in enhancing the care of all patients with FH. Core recommendations are made on the detection, diagnosis, assessment and management of adults, children and adolescents with FH. Management is under‐pinned by the precepts of risk stratification, adherence to healthy lifestyles, treatment of non‐cholesterol risk factors and appropriate use of low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)‐cholesterol‐lowering therapies including statins, ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors. The recommendations need to be utilised using judicious clinical judgement and shared decision‐making with patients and families. New government‐funded schemes for genetic testing and use of PCSK9 inhibitors, as well as the National Health Genomics Policy Framework, will enable adoption of the recommendations. However, a comprehensive implementation science and practice strategy is required to ensure that the guidance translates into benefit for all families with FH.
Lockdown impact on lifestyle and its association with oral parafunctional habits and bruxism in a Spanish adolescent population
Authors: Carrillo‐Diaz María , Ortega‐Martínez Ana Raquel , Romero‐Maroto Martín , González‐Olmo María José
Published: May 2021

Aim

To analyse the possible association between decreased physical and social activity and an increase in the use of mobile devices, internet, and social networks with increased anxiety and the appearance of oral parafunctions and bruxism for adolescents before and during COVID‐19.

Design

A total of 213 adolescents attended private clinics at two different times: before lockdown (T0) and after completion of total lockdown (T1). In T0 and T1, a clinical examination was carried out to assess dental wear (IA) and only in T1 were they given the self‐report questionnaire which focuses on the periods before and during lockdown (self‐reported bruxism, state anxiety, mobile phone and internet, social network use, physical and social activity, and questions on parafunctions).

Results

There were a decrease in physical activity at T0‐T1 and an increase in social media use, internet, state anxiety, and clinical and self‐reported bruxism at T0‐T1. There was a positive correlation between increased self‐reported bruxism, increased social media use, mobile device use, and state anxiety.

Conclusions

There has been a change in adolescent lifestyle during lockdown with an increase in the prevalence of oral parafunctions and bruxism. In particular, the increase in the use of social networks at night and also in anxiety levels during lockdown were associated with of the increase in self‐reported bruxism.
Substantial gene flow caused by long‐term translocation between natural bank populations of the Peruvian scallop (Argopecten purpuratus) is supported by RAD‐Seq analyses
Authors: Velez‐Zuazo Ximena , Barahona Sergio P. , Melo Omar G. , Hanschke Eric , Hanschke Ian , Santa‐Maria Monica C.
Published: May 2021

The Peruvian scallop (Argopecten purpuratus, Lamarck 1989) is a marine bivalve of high commercial value in the aquaculture industry, with wild populations distributing from northern Peru to Chile. Growing demand for it in the world aquaculture markets and limited availability of hatchery‐based seeds caused long‐term seed translocations among wild populations to recover depleted local populations and for production needs. We investigated long‐term translocation effects on the genetic diversity and structure of wild populations using next‐generation RAD sequencing. We sampled individuals from Sechura, Lobos de Tierra, Samanco, and Bahia Independencia in Peru, and La Rinconada in Northern Chile. We identified 8,345 polymorphic RAD loci and 24,218 SNPs for the five populations. We estimated high observed heterozygosity for all populations and high SNP frequency compared to similar studies on marine bivalves. We detected no spatial divergence among populations in Peru (pairwise FST from 0 to 0.003), but strong differentiation with the population in Chile. Migration rate estimates suggested asymmetric directionality of seed translocation. Overall, our results support a remnant effect of an intense historic translocation and ongoing gene flow among wild populations in Peru, challenging the identification of outlier loci and certification of sustainable origin of cultured scallops using genetic markers.
Scars of Conflict in the Population Structure of Iraqi Kurdistan: An Unfortunate Cohort and Its “Fortunate” Survivors
Authors: Zeyneloglu Sinan , Aymerich Olga , Mzuri Gohdar , Sirkeci Ibrahim
Published: May 2021

Using the 2017 Demographic Survey of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, older Iraqi censuses, the 2016 Census of Iran, and reports on displacement in Iraq, we expose the male deficit in the 1958–1962 birth cohort of Iraqi Kurdistan over time, probe its origins, and illustrate its effects on the rest of the population while relating these to the historical context of the exodus of the Kurdish resistance in Iraq to Iran in 1975. In addition to heightened mortality, a number of families appear to have sent some of their teenage sons to Iran to avoid their involvement in the conflict as fighters, victims, or both. Their absence has enabled the remaining males of the 1958–1962 cohort to enjoy an advantageous position in the marriage and labor markets, while their corresponding mating partners, the females of the 1963–1967 cohort, were the first generation of Iraqi Kurdish females to pursue education and employment en masse. Illustrating the effect of conflict over demographic structure, we highlight the need for further research into two interrelated aspects: the strategies of mothers to keep their male offspring safe via selective out‐migration during conflict, and the resulting emancipation of females due to postconflict male shortage.
Improved estimates of preindustrial biomass burning reduce the magnitude of aerosol climate forcing in the Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Liu Pengfei , Kaplan Jed O. , Mickley Loretta J. , Li Yang , Chellman Nathan J. , Arienzo Monica M. , Kodros John K. , Pierce Jeffrey R. , Sigl Michael , Freitag Johannes , Mulvaney Robert , Curran Mark A. J. , McConnell Joseph R.
Published: May 2021

Updated preindustrial fire emissions consistent with ice core records reduce the magnitude of estimated aerosol radiative forcing.
Declining diversity of wild-caught species puts dietary nutrient supplies at risk
Authors: Heilpern Sebastian A. , DeFries Ruth , Fiorella Kathryn , Flecker Alexander , Sethi Suresh A. , Uriarte María , Naeem Shahid
Published: May 2021

Declining biodiversity puts nutrient supplies at risk for people dependent on wild foods such as inland fisheries.
Realization of a complete Stern-Gerlach interferometer: Toward a test of quantum gravity
Authors: Margalit Yair , Dobkowski Or , Zhou Zhifan , Amit Omer , Japha Yonathan , Moukouri Samuel , Rohrlich Daniel , Mazumdar Anupam , Bose Sougato , Henkel Carsten , Folman Ron
Published: May 2021

A full-loop Stern-Gerlach atom interferometer is realized, opening perspectives to examine the quantum nature of gravity.
Two ligand-binding sites in CO-reducing V nitrogenase reveal a general mechanistic principle
Authors: Rohde Michael , Laun Konstantin , Zebger Ingo , Stripp Sven T. , Einsle Oliver
Published: May 2021

A structure of V nitrogenase with two CO ligands outlines a route for C–C coupling in Fischer-Tropsch–like hydrocarbon formation.
Order from disorder in the sarcomere: FATZ forms a fuzzy but tight complex and phase-separated condensates with α-actinin
Authors: Sponga Antonio , Arolas Joan L. , Schwarz Thomas C. , Jeffries Cy M. , Rodriguez Chamorro Ariadna , Kostan Julius , Ghisleni Andrea , Drepper Friedel , Polyansky Anton , De Almeida Ribeiro Euripedes , Pedron Miriam , Zawadzka-Kazimierczuk Anna , Mlynek Georg , Peterbauer Thomas , Doto Pierantonio , Schreiner Claudia , Hollerl Eneda , Mateos Borja , Geist Leonhard , Faulkner Georgine , Kozminski Wiktor , Svergun Dmitri I. , Warscheid Bettina , Zagrovic Bojan , Gautel Mathias , Konrat Robert , Djinović-Carugo Kristina
Published: May 2021

Sarcomeric proteins FATZ-1 and α-actinin-2 associate in a tight fuzzy complex, which forms phase-separated condensates.
Rare case ofCapnocytophaga canimorsusmeningitis in a man without risk factors
Authors: Malik Faheem , Orchard William , Jacob George
Published: May 2021

Capnocytophaga canimorsusmeningitis is an uncommon but potentially serious cause of meningitis, which is considered particularly rare in healthy and immunocompetent individuals. We present a case ofC. canimorsusmeningitis in a young, immunocompetent patient which was acquired following a dog bite. We review the literature and propose that underdiagnosis of this condition is likely. To avoid misdiagnosis, and thus improper management, clinicians should ensure that they identify animal exposure in all meningitic patients, and adopt a higher clinical suspicion in the absence of classical risk factors.
Transient hypoxia in water irradiated by swift carbon ions at ultra-high dose rates: implication for FLASH carbon-ion therapy
Authors: Zakaria Abdullah Muhammad , Colangelo Nicholas W. , Meesungnoen Jintana , Jay-Gerin Jean-Paul
Published: May 2021

Large doses of ionizing radiation delivered to tumors at ultra-high dose rates (i.e., in a few milliseconds) paradoxically spare the surrounding healthy tissue while preserving anti-tumor activity (compared with conventional radiotherapy delivered at much lower dose rates). This new modality is known as “FLASH radiotherapy” (FLASH-RT). Although the molecular mechanisms underlying FLASH-RT are not yet fully understood, it has been suggested that radiation delivered at high dose rates spares normal tissue via oxygen depletion followed by subsequent radioresistance of the irradiated tissue. To date, FLASH-RT has been studied using electrons, photons, and protons in various basic biological experiments, pre-clinical studies, and recently in a human patient. However, the efficacy of heavy ions, such as energetic carbon ions, under FLASH-RT conditions remains unclear. Given that living cells and tissues consist mainly of water, we set out to study, from a pure radiation chemistry perspective, the effects of ultra-high dose rates on the transient yields and concentrations of radiolytic species formed in water irradiated by 300-MeV per nucleon carbon ions (LET ∼ 11.6 keV/µm). This mimics irradiation in the “plateau” region of the depth–dose distribution of ions, i.e., in the “normal” tissue region in which the LET is rather low. We used Monte Carlo simulations of multiple, simultaneously interacting radiation tracks together with an “instantaneous pulse” irradiation model. Our calculations show a pronounced oxygen depletion around 0.2 μs, strongly suggesting, as with electrons, photons, and protons, that irradiation with energetic carbon ions at ultra-high dose rates is suitable for FLASH-RT.
Investigation of texture effects at interlayer bonding behavior between asphalt concrete (AC) overlay on Portland cement concrete (PCC)
Authors: Hwang Hyun-Sik , Ryu Sung-Woo , Oh Ju-Sam , Cho Yoon-Ho
Published: May 2021

Slippage cracking in asphalt overlays occurs because of bonding failure between the asphalt concrete and Portland cement concrete layers. A direct shear test was adopted to simulate common and critical bonding failures. The effects of temperature and tack coat have already been studied by previous researchers; however, the effects of texture have not been sufficiently considered. In this study, clamping shear strength was used to characterize the pure shear strength of the pavement. It is defined as the difference between the total shear strength and plane shear strength. The results indicated that the interlayer behaved in an elastic manner at lower temperatures, generating brittle failures with cracking, whereas viscoelastic behavior dominated at higher temperatures, producing ductile failure that led to slippage at the interface layer. The surface texture effects can be quantitatively characterized using the clamping shear strength. In addition, the clamping shear strength can be used to optimize the asphalt mixture to enhance the bonding performance.
Analytical Studies of SWCNTs Embedded in Nonlinear Viscous Elastic Media and the Chaotic Effect of Its Various Parameters
Authors: Tyagi Monika , Khan Ayub , Husain Mushahid , Husain Samina
Published: May 2021

The analytical studies and chaotic behavior of forced vibration on Single-wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) embedded in nonlinear viscous elastic medium subjected to parametric excitation are investigated. The analytical solution of the amplitude of nonlinear vibration is studied using Krylov–Bogoliubov–Mitropolsky (KBM) method. Both resonant and nonresonant cases are deduced. The computational techniques are used to draw graphs of time series, phase plot and Poincaré surface of section to analyze the chaotic behavior of the system considered. The plots are drawn for various values of different parameters like linear damping, nonlinear damping and amplitude of external forces in the considered model of SWCNTs. This work could be helpful in differentiating various elements of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) into the chaotic elements and controlling elements. The chaotic elements contributes to increase in the aging of CNTs while controlling elements can be used to control the irregular behavior of CNTs.
Controlling Bifurcation in Electronic Implementation of Dynamical Systems
Authors: Villa-Salas L. R. , Ontañón-García L. J. , Ramírez-Torres M. T. , Pena-Ramirez J.
Published: May 2021

In the theoretical and experimental studies of bifurcations in dynamical systems, the adjustments of the parameter values play a key role. The reason is because small variations in these values may result in topological changes in the behavior of the flow of the system. Taking this into account, in this paper, a new design for controlling bifurcation, suitable for electronic implementations of chaotic systems, is presented. The variation of the bifurcation parameter is performed by means of an Arduino UNO micro-controller and a digital controlled potentiometer. In this way, the variation of the electronic components is performed in an automated manner, avoiding the intrinsic problems of a manual variation of the circuit parameters. As a particular example, a scaled Rössler system is considered. One of the advantages of the controlled automated bifurcation is that it is useful for analyzing the robustness of the different limiting behaviors of the system against parameter mismatches.
A Computer Assisted Decision Support System for Education Planning
Authors: Alisan Yigit , Serin Faruk
Published: May 2021

The advances in technology are eliminating the demand for certain occupations and creating new opportunities. Thus, the universities, teachers, and students have to collaboratively work together to restructure their departments, course offerings, and course contents. Failure to realize the aforementioned initiatives may lead to a loss of quality and competitiveness. This study proposes a decision support system capable of maintaining the quality and competitiveness of the departments and the course offerings. The proposed system consists of three stages. The first stage is the data collection stage. At this stage, data are collected from the internet using web scraping methods. In the second stage, the collected data are turned into meaningful and processable information by natural language processing methods. In the third stage, the alternatives are ranked using multi-criteria decision-making methods. The proposed decision support system provides useful information to several educational stakeholders. First, universities are informed on which departments to create or close as well as the relevant course offerings. Second, information are provided to the teachers to create new courses or shape the course contents. Finally, students are better informed on how to go about choosing the universities, departments, courses, or career paths to pursue. The applicability and reliability of the proposed decision support system were experimentally proven through the use of computer engineering-related job postings and course contents of the universities in Turkey.
Solving a Real-World Urban Postal Service System Redesign Problem
Authors: Yu Hao , Sun Xu , Solvang Wei Deng , Laporte Gilbert
Published: May 2021

Due to recent technological advancements, more diversified customer demand, and increasingly harder competition, traditional postal service systems have experienced significant changes all over the world. In Norway, through a strategic reform called post-in-shop, undertaken in 2013, most postal services are now provided at postal service counters located in retailer stores in order to improve accessibility, operational efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. This has led to a complex decision-making problem for the redesign of urban postal service networks across the country. In this paper, a two-stage method is proposed to solve a real-world urban postal service network redesign problem. First, two location models are employed to determine the optimal locations of postal service counters. In the second stage, a simulation model is built to evaluate the urban postal service system with different location and demand allocation plans under a realistic and stochastic environment. Among other insights, our results show that the proposed two-stage method can be used to effectively improve the accessibility of postal service networks by making optimal location-allocation decisions.
Self-Perceived Impact of Oral Health on the Quality of Life of Women Deprived of Their Liberty
Authors: Moraes Ludmila Roberto , Duarte de Aquino Lidiane Castro , Cruz Danielle Teles da , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves
Published: May 2021

Background. Prison units are marked by structural deficiencies, especially in relation to the female gender. Objectives. To measure the self-perceived impact of oral health on the quality of life of Brazilian women in detention. Methodology. A survey was carried out conducted in the penitentiary at Juiz de Fora (Minas Gerais, Brazil) using an instrument with semistructured questions and validated scales, including the Oral Health Impact Profile-14. 99 women were interviewed. The analysis was based on a theoretical model of determination, with hierarchical blocks of variables. Bivariate analysis was done using the Mann–Whitney, test and multivariate analysis was used using linear regression. The significance level was set at 5%. Results. 33% experienced tooth loss after incarceration, (3.70 ± 3.26 lost teeth). 65.6% rated the dental service as fair/poor. The highest prevalence of oral health impact was for the domains of psychological discomfort (50.5%) and physical pain (40.4%). There is a negative impact on psychological discomfort: the number of dental consultations in the past year and self-perceived general health. There is an impact on physical pain: self-declared color and anxiety. Self-perceived general health had an impact on the domains of psychological disability and social disadvantage. Depression had an impact on the total score. Conclusion. This study revealed a self-perceived impact of oral health on the quality of life of women inmates. We need to ensure high-quality access to dental treatment in prisons.
Considering Source-Charge-Storage Multiple Time Scale Cooperative Control Strategy
Authors: Zheng Tao , Cao Jing , Yang Yufeng , Gao Hui
Published: May 2021

In order to achieve the optimization of power consumption mode, improve user power efficiency, and realize the coordination of power supply and demand, considering the advantages of distributed energy and energy storage, a source-charge-storage multi-time-scale coordinated control strategy is proposed. According to the needs of the hybrid energy system, we analyze the complementary potential of the hybrid energy system from the output side and analyze the response priority mechanism of the integrated energy system equipment, taking the economic cost and pollutant gas emissions as the objective function, economy, environment, and system. This is a constrained source-load-storage multiobjective joint optimization and adjustment model, which is solved by a multi-time-scale cooperative control strategy. Finally, a calculation example is used to verify the feasibility of the proposed method and provide technical support for the coordinated and optimized operation of “source-load-storage.”
Strength Weakening Effect of High Prestatically Loaded Marble Subjected to Low‐Frequency Dynamic Disturbance under Point Load
Authors: Wu Wuxing , Gong Fengqiang
Published: May 2021

The deep high prestatically loaded rock is often subjected to low‐frequency dynamic disturbance and exhibits unusual strength characteristics, and thus, it is important to investigate the strength characteristics under the coupling effect of prestatic load and low‐frequency dynamic disturbance loading conditions. In this study, a series of point load tests were conducted on the high prestatically loaded marble subjected to low‐frequency disturbance by the MTS system, focusing on exploring the role of prestatic load level and low‐frequency disturbance frequency in the process of rock strength change. Based on the average static failure load (Fmax) of samples under the static point loading, the high prestatic load levels (Fp) were selected as 70%, 80%, and 90% of Fmax, the corresponding low‐frequency dynamic disturbance was loaded by sinusoidal waves with amplitudes of 60%, 40%, and 20% of Fmax, and the low‐frequency dynamic disturbance frequencies (f) are 1, 2, 5, and 10 Hz. The change curve of the point load strength with the prestatic load level or the disturbance frequency was analyzed, which indicates that the point load strength under the coupled high prestatic load and low‐frequency dynamic disturbance load was significantly lower than that under the pure static loading, presenting a significant point load strength weakening effect. Only when Fp or f reaches a certain level, the point load strength decreases significantly as f or Fp increases. Moreover, the point load strength weakening rate was proposed to characterize the degree of strength weakening. The comprehensive analysis demonstrates that Fp has a greater effect on the point load strength weakening effect than f, which is mainly reflected in the point load strength weakening level dominated by the Fp, and the weakening degree is affected by f.
Medial Pelvic Migration of the Lag Screw after Intramedullary Nailing for Trochanteric Femoral Fracture
Authors: Kuroshima Kohei , Kasahara Koichi , Kihara Shinsuke , Harada Yoshifumi , Sumi Masatoshi
Published: May 2021

Internal fixation with intramedullary nails has gained popularity for the treatment of trochanteric femoral fractures, which are common injuries in older individuals. The most common complications are lag screws cut-out from the femoral head and femoral fracture at the distal tip of the nail. Herein, we report a rare complication of postoperative medial pelvic migration of the lag screw with no trauma. The patient was subsequently treated by lag screw removal via laparoscopy. This case suggests that optimal fracture reduction, adequate position of the lag screw, and careful attention to set screw insertion are important to prevent complications. Additionally, laparoscopic surgery might be able to remove the lag screw more safely than removal from the femoral side.
Compound Grey-Logistic Model and Its Application
Authors: Wu Xiao-Lan , Wang Sheng-Yuan , Xu Guo-Yin
Published: May 2021

Logistic regression model is widely used in ecology and in the analysis of social economic systems, because of its good adaptability. In order to improve the measurement accuracy of logistic model, this paper proposes a new method. A compound grey-logistic model is developed to carry out the grey transformation of the original data. Practice shows that the grey transformation data has better simulation accuracy; at the same time, grey transformation can reduce the observation noise of the original data. Mean absolute percentage error index has been used to evaluate the accuracy of prediction model, and information entropy can be used to evaluate the change of information entropy of forecasting data. In this paper, three cases are used to verify the applicability of grey-logistic model. From the perspective of the type of original data, the three cases represent three different data conditions: sufficient data, insufficient data, and fragmentary data. The cases represent different related fields: market share data, economic growth data, and R&D output data. The results show that the proposed grey-logistic method can effectively carry out the population growth analysis.
Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Ureter Similar to Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Histology
Authors: Watanabe Kazuhiro , Hasegawa Go , Ikeda Yohei , Hara Noboru , Nishiyama Tsutomu
Published: May 2021

A 70-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with gross hematuria and diagnosed with right invasive ureteral cancer and bladder urothelial carcinoma in situ. Intravesical BCG therapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin and gemcitabine were performed at the same time. Subsequently, laparoscopic right nephroureterectomy was performed. Urothelial carcinoma in situ persisted; however, most of the tumor was clear cell carcinoma. The clear cell carcinoma lesion had clear cytoplasm with round nuclei and visible nucleoli in an insular arrangement as is the case with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. No transitional lesion between clear cell adenocarcinoma and urothelial carcinoma was presented. The clear cell carcinoma lesion was GATA3 negative and HNF4α positive; however, the urothelial cancer lesion was GATA3 positive and HNF4α negative. Clear cell carcinoma was diagnosed as clear cell adenocarcinoma similar to clear cell renal cell carcinoma histology.
How Do Different Types of Environmental Regulations Affect Green Innovation Efficiency?
Authors: Li Hui , Zhao Chuandang , Tang Xiaoying , Cheng Jiawei , Lu Guanyang , Gu Yang , Zhang Zhiyue , Liu Yang
Published: May 2021

Environmental regulation policies are being continuously enriched today. To effectively improve green innovation efficiency through environmental regulations, it is urgent to better understand the impact of different environmental regulations on green innovation efficiency (GIE). However, due to the defects of previous methods for measuring GIE, existing studies may have deviations when analysing the effect of environmental regulations on GIE. To fill this gap, using Shaanxi, China, as a case study, the present study proposes a network data envelopment analysis (DEA) model based on neutral cross-efficiency evaluation to accurately measure the GIE of Shaanxi during the period of 2001–2017. On this basis, this study further analysed the impact of different types of environmental regulations on GIE from three aspects: causality, evolutionary relationships, and effect paths. The results indicate that (1) the GIE of Shaanxi Province showed a “fluctuation-slow growth-steady growth” trend during 2001–2017, and after 2014, the problem of an uncoordinated relationship between technology research and design (R&D) and technology transformation began to appear; (2) there was a linear evolutionary relationship between command-and-control environmental regulation and GIE and a “U”-shaped evolutionary relationship between market-based/voluntary environmental regulation and GIE; and (3) command-and-control environmental regulation and voluntary environmental regulation affected GIE mainly at the technology R&D stage, while market-based environmental regulation ran through the entire process of green innovation activities. This study improves the evaluation methods and theoretical systems of GIE and provides the scientific basis for government decision-makers to formulate environmental regulation policies.
Neural Network Method for Solving Time-Fractional Telegraph Equation
Authors: Ibrahim Wubshet , Bijiga Lelisa Kebena
Published: May 2021

Recently, the development of neural network method for solving differential equations has made a remarkable progress for solving fractional differential equations. In this paper, a neural network method is employed to solve time-fractional telegraph equation. The loss function containing initial/boundary conditions with adjustable parameters (weights and biases) is constructed. Also, in this paper, a time-fractional telegraph equation was formulated as an optimization problem. Numerical examples with known analytic solutions including numerical results, their graphs, weights, and biases were also discussed to confirm the accuracy of the method used. Also, the graphical and tabular results were analyzed thoroughly. The mean square errors for different choices of neurons and epochs have been presented in tables along with graphical presentations.
Application of Big Data Technology in the Impact of Tourism E‐Commerce on Tourism Planning
Authors: Zhang Heqing , Guo Tingting , Su Xiaobo
Published: May 2021

With the improvement of the material standard of living, the demand of the people for spiritual culture continues to increase. In terms of tourism, people have gradually shifted from simple tourism needs to integrated tourism needs. Tourism has become an effective way for people to expand their horizons and enrich their spiritual world. Tourism is one of the first industries to apply network technology. After long‐term exploration and innovation, tourism e‐commerce has developed rapidly. Coupled with the advent of the era of big data (EBD), the concept of customized tourism has gradually entered people’s lives. This paper mainly introduces the research on the impact of e‐commerce tourism on custom tourism in the EBD and intends to provide some ideas and directions for the good development of custom tourism. This paper proposes a research strategy on the impact of tourism e‐commerce on customized tourism in the EBD, including related theoretical research methods, random forest algorithms, support vector machine classification algorithms, and Bayesian estimation algorithms, which are used to customize tourism e‐commerce in the EBD, and research experiment on the impact of tourism. The experimental results show that 79.84% of customers are willing to purchase related products again after experiencing travel customization services using big data technology. By using the various characteristics of tourism big data for data mining and classification, it provides users with personalized travel search services. At the same time, big data technology can provide basic technical support for customized tourism development, which shows that it can also provide customized services for users.
Damage Evaluation of Bridge Hanger Based on Bayesian Inference: Analytical Model
Authors: Ding Yang , Dong Jing-liang , Yang Tong-lin , Wang Zhong-ping , Zhou Shuang-xi , Wei Yong-qi , She An-ming
Published: May 2021

With the increase of the long‐span bridge, the damage of the long‐span bridge hanger has attracted more and more attention. Nowadays, the probability statistics method based on Bayes’ theorem is widely used for evaluating the damage of bridge, that is, Bayesian inference. In this study, the damage evaluation model of bridge hanger is established based on Bayesian inference. For the damage evaluation model, the analytical expressions for calculating the weights by finite mixture (FM) method are derived. In order to solve the complex analytical expressions in damage evaluation model, the Metropolis‐Hastings (MH) sampling of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method was used. Three case studies are adopted to demonstrate the effect of the initial value and the applicability of the proposed model. The result suggests that the proposed model can evaluate the damage of the bridge hanger.
Milton Hatoum: um clássico contemporâneo
Authors: Stella Marcello Giovanni Pocai
Published: May 2021

Nas capas dos livros de Milton Hatoum editados pela editora Companhia das Letras, é possível vez ou outra deparar com um pequeno adesivo redondo de cor amarela e letras de cor preta, em que se lê: “Um clássico da literatura brasileira contemporânea”. O presente artigo procura cercar a construção do escritor Milton Hatoum e de sua obra como clássico brasileiro contemporâneo. Tal empreendimento se baseia principalmente nos preceitos metodológicos estabelecidos por Pierre Bourdieu de investigação de campos artísticos: suas gêneses e processos de autonomização. Investiga-se aqui a posição social do escritor e de sua trajetória no interior do campo literário brasileiro contemporâneo e também do espaço social mais amplo.
Contra o povo: soberania, nação e democracia no percurso teórico-prático de Carl Schmitt
Authors: Almeida Lúcio Flávio Rodrigues
Published: May 2021

Neste artigo, destacamos os estreitos elos ideológicos entre as noções de soberania, estado de exceção e totalitarismo na trajetória político-intelectual de Carl Schmitt, os quais descartam qualquer perspectiva de soberania popular. Adotamos uma posição teórico-metodológica inspirada em Nicos Poulantzas, e nossa principal hipótese é que a apropriação seletiva de noções trabalhadas por Schmitt bloqueia o conhecimento científico e reforça a confusão ideológica entre as classes populares.
Max Weber ontem e hoje: entrevista com Wolfgang Schluchter
Authors: Weiss Raquel , Fabris Carlos
Published: May 2021

Entrevista com Wolfgang Schluchter.
Circulação de intelectuais e recepção das novas ciências do homem francesas no Brasil: 1908-1932
Authors: Consolim Marcia
Published: May 2021

Trata-se de mostrar que as missões científicas francesas no Brasil tiveram um papel fundamental de enraizamento das ciências do homem francesas nas décadas que antecederam a fundação das universidades nos anos 1930. No contexto das disputas entre França e Estados Unidos pela dominação cultural e científica na América Latina, a estratégia dos professores franceses foi estabelecer relações sociais e práticas de difusão cultural e científica nos meios social e intelectualmente dominantes. Essas iniciativas foram bem-sucedidas graças à homologia de posição entre os professores franceses e os educadores do círculo intelectual de São Paulo – o que contribuiu para o distanciamento relativo dos educadores em relação às elites dirigentes. Concluo que a circulação das ciências do homem francesas encontrou barreiras dentro do próprio campo educacional, ditadas pelo crescente espírito antidurkheimiano.
A camera trap record of Asiatic Golden Cat Catopuma temminckii (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) in State Land Forest, Merapoh, Pahang, Malaysia
Authors: Ismail Lukman , Sulaiman Syafiq , Nafi Muhammad Izzat Hakimi Mat , Nor Muhammad Syafiq Mohmad , Saimeh Nur Izyan Fathiah , Mohamad Nabihah , Bakar Ainur Izzati , Adanan Nurul Izzati , Shubli Nor Azmin Huda Mahamad , Razak Muhamad Hamirul Shah Ab , Sow Ai Yin , Karim Muhammad Firdaus Abdul , Abas Muhamad Azahar , Hassin Nor Hizami , Fauzi Norashikin , Amir Aainaa , Hambali Kamarul
Published: May 2021

The Asiatic Golden Cat Catopuma temminckii is poorly studied in Peninsular Malaysia.  We deployed 12 camera traps to assess the wildlife diversity in the unprotected State Land Forest of Merapoh, Pahang State.  During the period from August to October 2019, one Asiatic Golden Cat was photographed at a single camera trap station.  This record outside the protected area network emphasizes the importance of wildlife corridors.  This State Land Forest is located between Forest Reserve and Taman Negara National Park.  Therefore, appropriate conservation measures must be taken in order to maintain this site as a wildlife corridor.