bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the adjuvant properties of beta-glucans from Saccharomyces Cerevisiae yeast
Authors: Volosnikova Ekaterina A. , Shcherbakov D. N. , Volkova N. V. , Esina T. I. , Zaikovskaya A. V. , Shimina G. G. , Danilenko E. D.
Published: July 2024

To increase the effectiveness and immunogenicity of modern vaccines, especially subunit ones, it is required to use adjuvants. Polysaccharides, due to their safety and biocompatibility, are desirable candidates for the creation of vaccine adjuvants. The aim of our study was to develop a method for obtaining beta-Glucans from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, and evaluate their adjuvant properties. The high purity and non-toxicity of the resulting preparation was achieved by using enzyme complexes of cellulase and protease in combination with ultrasound (22 kHz) at the purification stage. The developed scheme allows for the yield of beta-Glucans up to 2 g from 100 g of the biomass of wet cells. The adjuvant properties of beta-Glucans were studied in 50 male BALB/c mice, weighing 16–18 g. Immunization was performed twice, with a 14-day interval, intramuscularly, 200 μl per animal. The recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the surface S protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (Wuhan-Hu-1 and B.1.617.2 (Delta)) was used as an antigen, at a dose of 50 μg per animal. A positive control group was administered with the antigen combined with aluminum hydroxide. As a negative control, mice injected with the saline solution were used. The titers of specific antibodies in the blood sera were determined by ELISA assays. RBD (Wuhan-Hu-1 and Delta), and S protein (Wuhan-Hu-1, Delta and Omicron) were used as antigens. The titers of virus-neutralizing antibodies were measured in neutralization tests using SARS-CoV-2 virus strains Wuhan-Hu-1, Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529). The results of the study have shown that beta-Glucans have the ability to enhance the production of specific and virus-neutralizing antibodies in mice immunized with RBD. The titers of specific and virus neutralizing antibodies are comparable to their levels in the group immunized with RBD and Al(OH)₃. It has been found in the experiments in white outbred ICR mice that the preparation belongs to practically non-toxic substances. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of beta-Glucans could become a preferable alternative to the conventional adjuvants based on aluminum salts, being biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic substances of low labor-intensive production.
Synthetic thymic hexapeptide in the correction of alterations of antibacterial immune defense and normalization of the profile of proinflammatory cytokines in immunocompromized Children with local unlimited acute peritonitis
Authors: Kovaleva Svetlana V. , Chapurina V. N. , Lomtatidze L. V. , Lyagusha D. E. , Teterin Yu. V. , Barova N. K. , Melkonyan K. I.
Published: July 2024

The study of dysregulatory disorders of the immune system underlying the immunopathogenesis of severe purulent-inflammatory diseases (PIDs) is important for development of new therapeutic tactics of restoring antibacterial defense. Acute peritonitis (AP) is a severe PID of the abdominal cavity, the course of which are dependent on the treatment, cytokine balance and adequate functioning of the immunity. Objective: to evaluate the modulating effects on the immune system and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines of the synthetic thymic hexapeptide, active substance of Imunofan, included in the complex postoperative treatment (CPOT) of immunocompromised children with local AP. Clinical and immunological examination of 20 immunocompromised children aged 5–12 years with local AP was carried out before (study group 1, SG1) and after (study group 1a, SG1a) CPOT including synthetic thymic hexapeptide (Arginyl-alpha-AspartylLysyl-Valyl-Tyrosyl-Arginine, НР), alongside 20 conditionally healthy children (comparison group, SG). The content of T and B lymphocytes, natural killer cells (NK), levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, IL-8, IL-18, phagocytic and microbicidal activity of neutrophils (NG) were assessed. In SG1, before treatment, a decrease in the number of T lymphocytes, T helpers, CTL-lymphocytes, NK and an increase in the level of B lymphocytes was revealed. Defects in the effector functions of NG were determined: impaired bacterial antigen killing and decreased NADPH oxidase activity. It was established that in case of AP in immunocompromised children, the cytokine profile is characterized by overproduction of studied proinflammatory and neutrophil-associated cytokines. After complex treatment including immunomodulatory therapy, there was a restoration of the content of T lymphocytes, T helper cells, TCTL lymphocytes, an increase in the number of NK and decrease in the level of B lymphocytes. In addition, regression of the levels of inflammatory, including neutrophil-associated, cytokines and emergence of effector functions of NG due to restoration of NADPH oxidases activity, was noted. Thus, the restoration of immunological parameters in AP leads to earlier regression of the purulent-inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity and to the absence of postoperative complications. The clinical and immunological effects of the immunomodulatory therapy program with inclusion of the drug based on HP determines the feasibility of its use in the postoperative period in immunocompromised children with local AP.
The avidity of virus-specific antibodies obtained from in vitro stimulated memory b cells does not change one month after booster with Sputnik V or Comirnaty
Authors: Astakhova Ekaterina A.
Published: July 2024

The protective properties of long-term immunological memory after vaccination against COVID-19 are characterized by the neutralizing activity of serum antibodies and antibodies secreted by memory B cells upon repeated encounter with the antigen. Somatic hypermutations occurring in the immunoglobulin genes of memory B cells are one of the mechanisms for increasing the affinity of antibodies. At the moment, the effect of booster vaccination against COVID-19 with vector vaccines, on the maturation of memory B cells remains poorly understood. The purpose of this work was to determine how COVID-19 booster affects the affinity of RBD-specific IgG antibodies secreted by memory B cells. B lymphocytes were isolated from peripheral mononuclear blood cells of volunteers who had been revaccinated against COVID-19 with Sputnik V or Comirnaty. B cells were stimulated in vitro with CD40L expressed on the surface of A549 feeder cells and IL-21. Supernatants were concentrated 8-fold using centrifugal concentrators. In the obtained supernatants from stimulated memory B cells, the level of IgG antibodies specific to wild-type RBD was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To determine the avidity index, ELISA with 7M urea was provided. It was shown that despite a general increase in the amount of antigen-specific IgG antibodies obtained from stimulated memory B cells, there was no change in the avidity of these antibodies one month after booster in both groups of donors. The obtained results contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of memory B cell maturation after booster vaccinations against COVID-19 and may be useful for deciding on the strategy of booster vaccination.
The course of tuberculosis infection in hyper-susceptible mice carrying the H2ᵛ haplotype
Authors: Baikuzina P. G. , Gorbacheva D. V. , Apt A. S. , Korotetskaya Mariya V.
Published: July 2024

Genetic regulation of the host susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and severity of tuberculosis (TB) infection remain incompletely investigated. Identification of particular genes and involved in TB control and immune reactions regulated by these genes is essential for our understanding of pathogenesis of the disease, discovery of drug targets and rational vaccine development. We have shown that mice of the B10.SM (H2ᵛ) strain are extremely TB susceptible; meanwhile, the general genome structure of this mouse strain and the H2ᵛ haplotype itself are poorly characterized. We selected a pool of Mit genetic markers differentiating B10.SM mice from Chr. 17-congenic mice of the B10 strain by the PCR products motility in the electrophoresis setting. TB susceptibility of B10 mice is much lower than that of B10.SM. In the model of infection triggered by two different dosed of Mtb (100 and 600 CFU per mouse) administered via respiratory tract we demonstrated that B10.SM mice have significantly shorter survival time and significantly higher lung mycobacterial multiplication compared to B10 mice. We demonstrated (intracellular staining and ELISA) that IFNγ production in the lungs of infected mice of the two strains corresponds well to their disease phenotypes. Thus, more resistant B10 mice possess significantly more lung IFNγ-positive CD4⁺ T cells and a higher level of IFNγ secretion. We have established (B10х B10.SM) F1 hybrids and demonstrated that the post-infection phenotypes of survival time, lung mycobacterial multiplication and IFNγ production in these mice are intermediate compared to parental mice. Thus, we deal with the genetic trait with incomplete dominance expression. These data were confirmed in F2 hybrids by segregation genetic analysis. To characterize the phenotype of B10.SM mice in more detail, we vaccinated these mice with the BCG vaccine before TB challenge. Vaccination significantly prolonged survival time, diminished mycobacterial multiplication in the lungs and the degree of lung tissue pathology. Thus, a high level of susceptibility to primary infection did not interfere with BCG vaccination efficacy. We intend to continue genetic and immunologic analyses of TB-hyper-susceptible B10.SM mice. Experimental data regarding the cause of extreme disturbances in protection against infection are prerequisite for our better understanding causality of the wide spectrum of TB manifestations in human populations, as well as for rational search for novel vaccines and medications against TB infection.
The effect of the probiotic bacteria Akkermansia Muciniphila in intestinal homeostasis and dss-induced inflammation in mice
Authors: Sheynova Anna D. , Podosokorskaya O. A. , Gubernatorova E. O. , Gubernatorova E. O.
Published: July 2024

Akkermansia muciniphila is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, a component of the normal human intestinal microbiota. A decrease in the presence of this bacterium is associated with pathologies, including metabolic disorders, intestinal inflammation and colorectal cancer. A. muciniphila is a probiotic approved for patients with diabetes and obesity. In recent years, A. muciniphila was studied in the control of intestinal inflammation and colorectal cancer. The exact mechanisms of A. muciniphila action remain unclear, while the use of different administration protocols shows different effects in mouse models of colitis and colorectal cancer. We reported that A. muciniphila has distinct effects on intestinal mucin production depending on viable or pasteurized form of bacteria. Another factor affecting the outcome of the A. muciniphila administration is the number of bacteria. To address how the dose of bacteria may affect the severity of acute intestinal inflammation wild-type mice were subjected to daily oral injections with 10⁸ CFU or 109 CFU of viable A. muciniphila for two weeks; the control group was injected with PBS. After that, groups were subjected to the induction of acute colitis by adding 7% DSS to drinking water for five days. 8 days after the onset of colitis induction, a morphometric assessment of the colitis severity was performed. Mice given a high dose of A. muciniphila (109 CFU) were found to be protected from developing severe colitis. RT-PCR analysis of colon samples from mice receiving a high dose of bacteria showed an increase in the gene expression of antimicrobial peptides, IL-17A, IL-17F. Interestingly, the protective effect of A. muciniphila was observed only in a high dose group, but not in a low dose group. Our data suggest that A. muciniphila provides the protective effect in colitis and highlight the importance of selecting the dose of the bacterium for proper interpretation.
The influence of neutrophils and their exoproducts on biofilm biomass, bacterial viability and conjugative transfer into Escherichia Coli
Authors: Maslennikova Irina L. , Nekrasova I. V. , Starčič Erjavec M. , Kuznetsova M. V.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neutrophils and their antimicrobial factors, hydrogen peroxide and defensin α, on the biofilm biomass, the viability of bacteria in the biofilm and the efficiency of conjugative transfer of the pOX38:Cm plasmid from the E. coli N4i pOX38:Cm strain into different E. coli strains (commensal К12 TG1 and uropathogenic DL82, R32 and R45). The biofilm of the recipient E. coli TG1 with the donor E. coli N4i pOX38:Cm increased when 10⁵ cells/ml of neutrophils were added compared to the control, while the biofilm biomass of the uropathogenic E. coli recipient strains DL82/E. coli R45 with the donor E. coli N4i pOX38:Cm decreased when 10⁶/10⁴–10⁶ cells/ml of neutrophils were added, respectively. The survival of recipient E. coli TG1 cells and transconjugants in the biofilm was, compared to the control, higher when 10⁴, 10⁵, 10⁶ cells/ml of neutrophils were added. The addition of 0.1 mM H₂O₂ increased biofilm formation of E. coli DL82 and E. coli R45, and addition of 0.5 mM H₂O₂ reduced biofilm formation of E. coli DL82, while 0.5 mM or 2.5 mM reduced the E. coli R45 bacterial biofilm biomass in the conjugative mixture. The frequency of the pOX38:Cm conjugative transfer was lower in the presence of 2.5 mM H₂O₂ in the N4i pOX38:Cm × DL82 biofilm, and also in the presence of 0.5 and 2.5 mM H₂O₂ in the N4i pOX38:Cm × R45 biofilm, compared to the control. The frequency of pOX38:Cm conjugation from the donor E. coli N4i pOX38:Cm into E. coli DL82 decreased, when 5 or 25 ng/ml defensin α were added and the conjugation frequency in the mating mixture N4i pOX38:Cm×R45 decreased, when 5 ng/ml were added, while, when 25 ng/ml of defensin α were added it increased.
State of the vaginal biocenosis depending on the species diversity of lactobacilli
Authors: Fedorova K. S. , Abramovskikh K. A. , Savochkina A. Yu. , Minasova Anna A. , Zotova M. A. , Samatova A. I. , Nokhrin D. Yu. , Nikushkina K. V.
Published: July 2024

Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most common reproductive health problems in women. Lactobacillus spp. play a leading role in the vaginal biocenosis and provide local antimicrobial defense, but not all species are equally capable of protecting the vaginal ecosystem from pathogens. Diagnostic methods in practical healthcare do not allow identification of Lactobacillus spp. species, which limits the ability to comprehensively assess the status of the vaginal biocenosis. We conducted a study in which we compared microscopy data of the examined smear with the detection of Lactobacillus spp. and other microorganisms. The aim of the study was to evaluate the species composition of Lactobacillus spp. from the vagina depending on morphologic characteristics and composition of associated flora. The study included 64 conditionally healthy women of reproductive age from 18 to 35 years old. The study of species composition of the vaginal biocenosis and typing of lactobacilli was carried out by real-time PCR methods. The obtained results were processed using generally accepted methods of descriptive and ordinal statistics. During the study, it was found that the vaginal biocenosis was dominated by species of Lactobacillus spp. L. crispatus, L. vaginalis, L. iners and L. jensenii. L. johnsonii was rarely found, and L. acidophilus was not detected. Typing results showed that the vagina was more frequently colonized by more than one species of Lactobacillus spp. while a single species of Lactobacillus spp. was detected less frequently. A correlation was found between Lactobacillus spp. species and bacilli thickness. If thick bacilli are detected in gynecological smear microscopy, they belong to the species L. crispatus, which has high colonization resistance and is a factor in the stability of the vaginal biocenosis. If smear microscopy reveals thin bacilli, then these are species of L. iners and L. jensenii. These representatives of Lactobacillus spp. are not directly related to the dysbiotic state of the vagina, but may indicate the possible development of dysbiosis in the future.
Variability of changes in proand antiinflammatory cytokines due to IFNα and IFNγ deficiency in patients with post-covid syndrome associated with activation of chronic herpes viral infections
Authors: Atazhakhova Margarita G. , Chudilova G. A. , Lomtatidze L. V. , Poezzhaev E. A.
Published: July 2024

Post-COVID syndrome (PCS) is characterized by long-term complications and conditions accompanied by neuroimmunoinflammation, and includes chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and cognitive disorders (CD), which are often associated with activation of chronic herpesvirus infections (HVI). Timely detection of symptoms and immunodiagnosis of PCS are a priority and are of undoubted interest. Objective: to clarify the levels of serum proand anti-inflammatory cytokines, alpha and gamma interferons in patients with post-COVID syndrome associated with confirmed activation of chronic herpesvirus infections. Patients (n = 60) aged from 18 to 65 years with complaints of manifestations of PCS associated with HVI were studied — the study group (SG). A survey was conducted using a modified scale-questionnaire to assess the severity of PCS symptoms in points from 0 to 4, real-time PCR of HVI (EBV, HSV1/2, VCH6, VCH8, CMV) in saliva and scrapings from the tonsils, determination of the level of IFNα and IFNγ, pro- (TNFα, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-8) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines in blood serum. Comparison group (CG) — 60 apparently healthy individuals. SG patients with mixed HVI with EBV dominance noted the most pronounced and persistent clinical manifestations of PCS, among which the leading place was occupied by longterm sensations of CFS and CD. A persistent multisystem inflammatory response was identified, confirmed by elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-17A, which caused severe PCS. In post-COVID period, hyperproduction of IL-1β was detected, which was accompanied by clinical manifestations of persistent neuroimmunoinflammation. At the same time, the identified deficiency of IFNα, IFNγ and dysregulatory disorders in the antiviral defense of the immune system in patients with PCS contributed to the activation of HVI. Data on the imbalance of proand anti-inflammatory cytokines in the SG were obtained, which confirms the presence of a persistent multisystem inflammatory reaction with dominance of persistent neuroimmunoinflammation, which causes severe PCS. An imbalance of the cytokine system with IFNα and IFNγ deficiency, associated with the activation of chronic HVI with EBV dominance in the post-COVID period, contributes to the development of neuroimmunoinflammation, which is accompanied by the leading clinical signs of PCS: CFS and CD.
Knit One, Stab Two
Authors: Peirse Alison
Published: July 2024

I love horror films. I love knitting. I love feminism. My academic research explores the representation of women both behind and in front of the camera, reflecting upon how, when and why women are written into, or excluded from film histories. The impetus for this particular project came out of a response to re-reading ‘When the woman looks’ (1984), Linda Williams’ canonical essay on horror film and gender. Here, I have brought together my three passions to ask, what happens when the woman knits? Or, to be more precise: what happens when the woman knits in a horror film?
Comparative Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Heat-Assisted vs Cold Water Extractions of Six Medicinal Fungi against Breast and Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Ng Min-Jia , Goh Neng-Yao , Tan Chon-Seng , Razif Muhammad Fazril Mohamad , Yap Hui-Yeng Yeannie , Kong Boon-Hong , Fung Shin-Yee
Published: July 2024

Research background. Preparation of medicinal fungi for experimental purposes usually involves the extraction and determination of the quality and quantity of bioactive compounds prior to the biological experiment. Water, a common polar solvent, is usually used for traditional preparations for consumption. The application of high temperatures during water extraction can affect the chemical composition and functional properties of the extracts. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the differences in composition between extracts obtained with heat-assisted and cold water extractions of six selected species of fungi (Lignosus rhinocerus, Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Inonotus obliquus, Antrodia camphorata, Phellinus linteus and Monascus purpureus) and their cytotoxicity against human lung and breast cancer cells.
Experimental approach. The extracts obtained with heat-assisted and cold water extraction of six species of fungi were analysed to determine their protein, carbohydrate and phenolic contents. Their cytotoxicity was tested against lung (A549) and breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) cancer cell lines. The most potent extract was further separated into its protein and non-protein fractions to determine their respective cytotoxicity.
Results and conclusions. The cytotoxicity of the different extracts obtained with heat-assisted and cold water extraction varied. Comparing the two extractions, the cold water extraction resulted in a significantly higher yield of proteins (except M. purpureus) and phenolic compounds (except A. camphorata), while the extracts of I. obliquus and M. purpureus obtained with heat-assisted extraction had a significantly higher carbohydrate mass fraction. Notably, the cold water extract of I. obliquus showed cytotoxicity (IC50=(701±35) μg/mL), which was one of the highest of the extracts tested against A549 cells. The cold water extract of I. obliquus was selected for further studies. Our results showed that cold water extracts generally have higher cytotoxicity against selected human cancer cell lines, with the exception of O. sinensis and A. camphorata extracts.
Novelty and scientific contribution. This study reports the advantage of cold water extracts of fungi over those obtained with heat-assisted extraction in terms of cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines and emphasises the role of extraction conditions, particularly heat, in influencing chemical composition and cytotoxic effects.
Effect of Different Wheat Sprouting Conditions on the Characteristics of Whole-Wheat Flour
Authors: Navarro José Luis , Losano Richard Pedro , Moiraghi Malena , Bustos Mariela , León Alberto Edel , Steffolani María Eugenia
Published: July 2024

Research background. Controlled sprouting promotes physiological and biochemical changes in whole grains, improves their nutritional value and offers technological advantages for breadmaking as an alternative to traditional whole grains. The aim of this study is to find sprouting conditions for the grains of Klein Valor wheat variety (Triticum aestivum L.) that would increase the nutritional value without significantly affecting the gluten proteins, which are essential in wholegrain baked goods.
Experimental approach. The chemical and nutritional composition, enzymatic activity and pasting properties of the suspensions of unsprouted and sprouted whole-wheat flour were evaluated.
Results and conclusions. This bioprocess allowed us to obtain sprouted whole-wheat flour with different degrees of modification in its chemical composition. Sprouting at 25 °C resulted in an observable increase in enzymatic activity and metabolic processes, particularly α-amylases, which significantly affect the starch matrix and the associated pasting properties. Additionally, there was a smaller but still notable effect on the structure of the cell walls and the protein matrix due to the activation of endoxylanases and proteases. In contrast, sprouting at 15 and 20 °C for 24 h allowed for better process control as it resulted in nutritional improvements such as a higher content of free amino acid groups, free phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity, as well as a lower content of phytates. In addition, it provided techno-functional advantages due to the moderate activation of α-amylase and xylanase. A moderate decrease in peak viscosity of sprouted whole-wheat flour suspensions was observed compared to the control flour, while protein degradation was not significantly prolonged.
Novelty and scientific contribution. Sprouted whole-wheat flour obtained under milder sprouting conditions with moderate enzymatic activity could be a promising and interesting ingredient for wholegrain baked goods with improved nutritional values and techno-functional properties. This approach could avoid the use of conventional flour improvers and thus have a positive impact on consumer acceptance and enable the labelling of the product with a clean label.
Putin Dönemi Rus Dış Politikası ve Ukrayna: Mackinder’in Kalbi Kalpgâh
Authors: Babahanoğlu Veysel
Published: July 2024

Soğuk Savaş’ın sonu jeopolitiğin gündemden düşmesine neden olsa da geçen zaman bilimsel ve politik vazgeçilmezliğini ortaya koymuştur. Her devlet konumunun getirdiği fırsat ve tehditlerle yüzleşmektedir. Bu durum Rusya ve Mackinder’in kara hâkimiyet teorisi için de geçerlidir. Çalışma, Putin Rusya’sının Ukrayna işgaliyle coğrafi planlarının bulunduğu varsayımından hareketle, Kara Hâkimiyet teorisi üzerinden Putin dönemi Rus dış politikasının izah edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Ukrayna, Doğu Avrupa hâkimiyetinin kilit ülkesidir ve Rusya bu kilidi açmak istemektedir. Çünkü doğu Avrupa ve Kalpgâh kontrolü, Dünya Adası kontrolünü, Dünya Adası kontrolü de dünyayı kontrol etme sonucunu doğurur. Bu durum bir taraftan Rusya için çıkarların realizasyonunu diğer taraftan tehditlerin bertarafını sağlar.
Yükselen Piyasa Ekonomilerinde CO2 Emisyonu, Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi
Authors: Tural Dikmen Arzu , Bedir Kara Serap
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışmada 19 yükselen piyasa ekonomisi için 1990-2019 periyodunda CO2 emisyonu, yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki nedensel ilişki yatay kesit bağımlılığı ve heterojenliği dikkate alan Konya (2006) panel nedensellik testi ile incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, yükselen piyasa ekonomilerinde çoğunlukla tarafsızlık hipotezi geçerlidir. Dolayısıyla, daha düşük CO2 emisyonuna neden olan çevre dostu politikalar büyümeyi olumsuz etkilemeden alternatif bir yol olarak yaygınlaştırılabilir. Bu amaçla vergi ve teşviklerle yenilenebilir enerji yatırımlarının artması desteklenirken geleneksel enerji bağımlılığını azaltmaya yönelik küresel ölçekte kısıtlamaların daha katı ve kapsayıcı bir şekilde uygulanması önerilmektedir.
Impact of Individual Cultural Values on Employee Silence: A Comparative Study of the USA and Türkiye
Authors: Karakuş Gülden , Akçakanat Tahsin
Published: July 2024

This study examines the impact of individual cultural values on employee silence and tests the differences between Türkiye and the USA. The study's findings reveal that power distance leads to an increase in acquiescent and defensive silence, and uncertainty avoidance leads to an increase in prosocial and acquiescent silence. In contrast, collectivism and long-term orientation cause a decrease in acquiescent and defensive silence while causing an increase in prosocial silence. Lastly, masculinity leads to a decrease in prosocial silence. Country factor has been found to moderate power distance- acquiescent and defensive silence, long-term orientation-acquiescent and defensive silence, and masculinity-prosocial silence relationships.
Effects of Social Importance and Brand Image on Willingness to Pay More in Value Co-Creation with Customers
Authors: Şenbabaoğlu Danacı Emine
Published: July 2024

This research, based on the co-creation value literature, examines the implications for both the brand and the consumer. In this regard, the study aims to contribute to the understanding of the effects of co-creation value, by specifically exploring the dynamics between brand image and greater willingness to pay, how they are influenced by co-creation and social influence, and their combined effects on willingness to pay more. In line with this objective, the data obtained from 430 participants collected through convenience sampling method was included in the analysis. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied using SmartPLS (v.3.2.9) software for the analysis of the findings. According to the results, it was revealed that co-creation value with customers and social importance significantly and statistically influenced willingness to pay more. Additionally, it was found that brand image mediated the effects of co-creation value with customers and social importance on willingness to pay more.
Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitsizliğinin Akademideki İzdüşümleri: Artvin Örneği
Authors: Yerlikaya Yaran Burcu
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışmada, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğinin akademideki izdüşümlerinin açığa çıkarılması amaçlanmaktadır. Artvin kentindeki akademisyen kadınlarla yüz yüze derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmış ve kendi hikâyeleriyle akademisyen kadın olma deneyimleri incelenmiştir. Görüşmeler neticesinde, akademisyen kadınların cinsiyet eşitsizliği ile mücadele ettikleri ve taşra kültürünün bu eşitsizliği derinleştirdiği anlaşılmıştır. Akademide cinsiyet eşitsizliğine dair yapılan vurgular; yatay ve dikey ayrışma, eril dil ve uygulamalar, istenmeyen feminenlik, baskı, dedikodu, mobbing ve taciz üzerinde yoğunlaşmaktadır. Sorunun çözümü için toplumsal cinsiyete duyarlı bir bakış açısının benimsenmesi elzemdir.
New Trend in Online Shopping: L-commerce (Live Stream Commerce) and a Model Proposal for Consumer Adoption
Authors: Akın Mahmut Selami
Published: July 2024

The study aims to clarify the L-commerce phenomenon, emerging as a novel model in online shopping, and distinguish the attributes separated from other models. The L-commerce literature was also revisited. Past attempts mainly focused on the intention to purchase in live stream shopping platforms in far eastern provinces. The study also proposes enlightening how consumers can adapt and accept L-commerce in new markets. Accordingly, a conceptual model including technological (perceived ease of use and usefulness), psychological (perceived financial, social, psychological and time risk) and social (telepresence and social presence) components were brought forward based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). It is expected to shed light on theoreticians, L-commerce platform managers and entrepreneurs.
A Qualitative Study on Stewardship Relationships in Family Businesses in Türkiye
Authors: Arslan Serdar
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to explain the basic dynamics of stewardship relationships in small and medium-sized family businesses in Türkiye and the contextual features that produce them by taking a phenomenological approach, one of the qualitative research methods. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews. The study sample comprised 35 participants from 14 family businesses in Antalya, Türkiye, including 18 family member managers and 17 non-family senior employees. Using thematic analysis, 6 main themes and 18 sub-themes were identified. While the results are consistent with previous research, they also strongly point to a steward profile specific to family businesses in Türkiye.
Algılanan Örgütsel Desteğin İş Performansına Etkisinde İşin Anlamının ve Öz-Şefkatin Rolü
Authors: Karagöz Şerife , Uzunbacak Hasan Hüseyin
Published: July 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, algılanan örgütsel desteğin iş performansı üzerindeki etkisinde işin anlamının ve öz-şefkatin aracı rol üstlenip üstlenmediğini tespit etmektir. Belirlenen bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırma örneklemini kamu ve özel sektörde çalışan 707 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada veriler anket tekniği kullanılarak elektronik ortamda (Google form aracılığıyla) toplanmıştır. Çalışmada kolayda örnekleme yöntemi tercih edilmiş ve toplanan verilerin analizinde SPSS 22.0 ve AMOS 24.0 programları kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde algılanan örgütsel destek işin anlamını, öz-şefkati, görev ve bağlamsal performansı pozitif yönde etkilemiştir. İşin anlamı ile öz-şefkat görev ve bağlamsal performansı pozitif yönde etkilemiş ve aracı rol üstlenmiştir.
TEFAS'ta İşlem Gören Hisse Senedi Fonlarının Getirilerinin Sürekliliği
Authors: Çömlekçi İstemi , Unal Serkan , Çepni Kerim
Published: July 2024

Türkiye’deki yatırımcıların Borsa İstanbul’a ilgisi giderek artmakta ve yatırım fonları borsaya yatırım yaparken önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir. Yatırımcıların çok sayıda hisse senedi fonu arasında seçim yaparken belli kriterler ile hareket etmeleri, yüksek performanslı fonları seçmelerine yardımcı olabilir. Bu çalışmada Borsa İstanbul’da yatırım yapan hisse senedi fonlarının getirilerinin sürekliliği incelenmiştir. Araştırmada toplam 43 adet hisse senedi fonunun 2010-2023 arası dönemdeki getiri verisinden faydalanılmıştır. Fonlar çeşitli dönemlerdeki performansları baz alınarak %20’lik gruplara ayrılmış ve takip eden dönemdeki performansları ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca fon yatırım tarzlarının anlaşılması için XU100 ve XTUMY endeksleri ile korelasyonları da hesaplanarak performansta ne kadar belirleyici olduğu ölçülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre 3’er yıllık ve 5’er yıllık dönemlerde hisse senedi fonlarının diğer fonlara kıyasla üstün ya da zayıf getirileri süreklilik göstermektedir.
Kurumsal Ortamın Bankaların Varlık Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi: Yüksek Orta Gelirli Ülkelerde Bir Araştırma
Authors: Yıldırım Hakan
Published: July 2024

Takipteki krediler, bankalarda varlık kalitesinin önemli bir göstergesidir. Bu çalışmada, 2010-2019 döneminde üst orta gelirli ülkelerde kurumsal ortamın takipteki krediler üzerindeki etkisi dinamik panel veri analizi yöntemiyle araştırılmaktadır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde elde edilen bulgulara göre, kurumsallık takipteki krediler üzerinde önemli düzeyde negatif bir etki oluşturmaktadır. Takipteki kredilerin gecikmeli değeri ise mevcut dönem takipteki krediler üzerinde pozitif yönde etkilidir. Ayrıca kontrol değişkenleri açısından ekonomik büyüme ve faiz dışı gelirler takipteki krediler üzerinde negatif etkili iken kredi/mevduat oranı ve enflasyonun etkisi pozitiftir.
Dağıtılacak Potansiyel Bir Fayda Olarak Doğal Çevre
Authors: Durğun Serpil
Published: July 2024

Çevre hem sosyal adaletin hem de çevresel adalet ve sürdürülebilirliğin ortak bir paydası durumundadır. Ancak bu ortak payda her biri tarafından farklı bir biçimde ele alınmaktadır. Genel olarak çevre hareketi doğal çevrenin korunmasını ve sürdürülmesini amaçlarken, sosyal adalet bunun nasıl dağıtıldığı ile ilgilenmektedir. Çevrecilerin kullandıkları dilden oldukça farklı bir dil kullanan dağıtıcı adalet teorisyenleri, çevresel sorunları adalet teorisinde isteğe bağlı olarak ele alınması gereken bir ekstra olarak görmektedirler. Bu kapsamda makale, çevresel malların adalet teorilerinin kapsamı dışında bırakılamayacağını savunan liberal düşünür David Miller'ın düşünceleri üzerinden, doğal çevrenin bir sosyal adalet teorisine nasıl dahil edilebileceğini göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Turistlerin Destinasyonlara Seyahat Kararlarında Krizlerin Etkisi ve İlgilenimlerinin Aracılık Rolü
Authors: Cankül Işıl , Yüksek Gökçe
Published: July 2024

Bu araştırmada turistlerin destinasyonlara seyahat etme kararlarında krizlerin etkisi ve ilgilenimlerinin aracılık rolünün belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırmada nicel veri toplama tekniği olarak anket kullanılmıştır. Kuramsal modelde yer alan değişkenler arasındaki neden sonuç ilişkileri yapısal eşitlik modellemesi tekniğiyle test edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre krizlerin destinasyonlara seyahat etme kararlarında ilgilenimin tam aracılık etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın ölçeğinde ilgilenimin alt boyutlarından katılımcıların en çok zevk/haz boyutuna katılım gösterdikleri görülmektedir. Diğer taraftan turist ilgilenimi ile krizler ve satın alma kararı arasında da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur.
Milliyetçilikten Önce Vatanseverlik: Bir Düşüncenin Politik Dönüşümü
Authors: Kıvrak Ensar
Published: July 2024

Çalışmada, ilk olarak vatan kavramının ve vatanseverliğin Antik dönemdeki dinî anlamının hem Antik Yunan’da hem de Roma’da sekülerleşme süreçleri ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda vatanseverliğin siyasi ilahiyatın da bir konusu olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Ardından on sekizinci yüzyılda vatanseverliğin siyasal bir kavram olarak ortaya çıkışına zemin hazırlayan tarihsel gelişmeler ve kavramın siyasallaşması süreci açıklanmıştır. Daha sonra, İngiltere’de kavramın siyasal anlamda kullanımının ortaya çıkışı ve gelişim süreci tartışılmıştır. Ardından, Fransa’ya intikali ve Fransız siyasi düşüncesindeki izdüşümleri ele alınmıştır. Son olarak vatanseverliğin Fransız Devrimi sürecindeki konumu ve rolü değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece bir bütün olarak vatanseverlik düşüncesinin, Fransız Devrimine değin anlam dönüşümünün izi sürülmüştür. Vatanseverliğin tarihsel olarak milliyetçilikten önce gelen bir düşünce olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
ЦИФРОВЫЕ МЕРИДИАНЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ВОДНОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА РЕГИОНА В ПАРАДИГМЕ МОБИЛИЗАЦИОННОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Authors: Матвеева Людмила Григорьевна
Published: July 2024

Целью исследования является теоретико-методологическое обоснование и концептуальная детерминация цифровой трансформации системы водного хозяйства регионов России в условиях мобилизационной экономики, интенсификации инноваций, наращивания экспортного потенциала с учетом асимметрии территорий, что определяет важность выявления территориально-отраслевых локалитетов циркулярных связей субъектов водохозяйственных комплексов (ВХК) регионов на цифровой платформе.
Методология теоретического конструирования и разработки инструментарно-методического аппарата сформирована на основе комплементарного использования ключевых положений общесистемных теорий и концепций (рационального водопользования, цифровизации, циркулярности, перехода к экономике предложения от экономики спроса и др.). В процессе реализации цели использовался ресурсно-целевой подход, сравнительный метод, динамический анализ, кластеризация.
Результаты исследования. С позиции объективно существующей ценологической вложенности региональных стратегий водопользования в общенациональные стратегии управления развитием водного хозяйства страны научно обосновано, что ускоренный переход ВХК регионов на масштабную цифровизацию и экономику замкнутого цикла в текущих условиях является безусловной парадигмой. Данная позиция согласуется с общенациональной концепцией укоренного перехода к формированию устойчивых динамических профилей готовности южнороссийских регионов к импортозамещению. Использование в расчетах в качестве исходных данных для кластеризации общих показателей использования воды (забор воды, использование воды, сброс сточных, транзитных и др. вод, потери при транспортировке, оборотное и повторно-последовательное водоснабжение) позволило не только дифференцировать регионы по водопотреблению, но также выявить те из них, которые выступают в качестве акторов мобилизационной экономики. Проведенная кластеризация с использованием регионально-видовых характеристик водных ресурсов решает задачу максимального использования эндогенных ресурсов регионов на платформе цифровизации и циркулярности.
Перспективы исследования заключаются в масштабировании разработанного на примере регионов Юга России механизма для ВХК остальных макрорегионов страны с последующим сравнительным анализом между федеральными округами.
ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩАЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ СТРАНЫ
Authors: Плеханова Татьяна Георгиевна , Жукова Ирина Борисовна , Павленко Ольга Андреевна
Published: July 2024

Целью исследования является определение роли демографической политики в экономической безопасности РФ, рассмотрение демографических угроз экономической безопасности России, обоснование необходимости мер государственного регулирования демографической ситуации в России.
Методологическую базу исследования представляет понятие экономической безопасности, одной из составляющей которого является демографическая безопасность. На основе статистических данных определяются основные факторы влияния на улучшение демографической ситуации региона и Российской Федерации в целом.
Результаты исследования. Одним из важных результатов является определенный эффект влияния демографической ситуации на развитие экономики региона, поиск решения для новой устойчивой модели демографического роста. Полученный результат говорит о том, что улучшение демографической ситуации связано с экономическим состоянием регионов.
Перспективу исследования составляет углубленный анализ факторов, влияющих на изменение демографической ситуации в регионе.
ХРОНОТОП И ЦИФРОВАЯ ЗЕМЛЯ В СОЦИО-ТЕХНО-ПРИРОДНОЙ ПЕРСПЕКТИВЕ
Authors: Ерёмченко Евгений Николаевич
Published: July 2024

Цели исследования: междисциплинарное социально-философское комплексное исследование концепций хронотопа и эволюции подходов к управлению в пространстве с целью гармонизации социального, природного и техногенного и в контексте становления нового подхода — Цифровой Земли. Обсуждение диалектики развития геопространственных методов.
Методология исследования. Исследование является междисциплинарным по форме и методологически ориентированным. Для решения задачи привлекается широкий методологический инструментарий, в основе которого — диалектический, системный, типологический, социально-философский, компаративистский и эмпирический методы, а также метод парадоксов и семиотический подход.
Результаты исследования. Предложен анализ применимости понятия о хронотопе к геопространственным инструментам управления в социо-техно-природной перспективе, предложена и обоснована концепция типологизации геопространственных визуализаций. Показана взаимообусловленность диалектического развития геопространственных подходов и социальной философии. Продемонстрировано, что Цифровая Земля в силу своей пространственно-временной природы и типологических особенностей обладает свойством сверхголографии и является резервуаром всех хронотопических структур, а также универсальным метрологическим базисом. Эти давно предвосхищавшиеся в русской культуре свойства развитых геопространственных инструментов будущего обеспечиваются за счёт использования беззнаковых средств представления геоконтекста, что в свою очередь предполагает существование иных, нежели знаки, носителей информации. Данный вывод существенно трансформирует существующие представления о причинах кризисов социального, технологического и биосферного развитии человечества и открывает перспективу гармонизации такого развития.
Перспективы исследования. Перспективы исследования носят академический и прикладной характер. Академически значимой является перспектива исследования беззнаковых средств передачи информации и определение соотношения семиотического и реального. Прикладную значимость имеют выводы о последствиях появления Цифровой Земли для управления социумом и для внедрения системного подхода к формированию высоко эффективных систем глобального управления с помощью гетерогенных информационных сред, оптимально совмещающих в себе беззнаковые и знаковые информационные инструменты.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ФИЛОСОФСКАЯ ПРОБЛЕМАТИКА НООСФЕРНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ В ТЕХНОГЕННОМ МИРЕ
Authors: Калинин Владислав Сергеевич
Published: July 2024

Целью исследования является анализ составляющих ноосферной безопасности в условиях нарастающего техногенного развития социума и деградации биосферы.
Методологическую основу исследования составляют социоприродный и междисциплинарные подходы к анализу взаимосвязанных явлений и процессов в социосфере, техносфере и биосфере.
Результаты исследования. Современное социально-техногенное развитие мира и расширение городской техносферы привели к крупным негативным изменениям в биосферной жизни. Исследования в области обеспечения устойчивого социоприродного развития не дают видимых результатов, поэтому требуется новый подход к выстраиванию разумного взаимодействия в социуме и природе. Обзор исследований ученых и философов позволил сделать вывод о том, что они по-разному трактуют проблематику ноосферной безопасности: одни делают акцент на социальной и духовной составляющих, говоря о ноосферном сознании и образовании, другие — на сохранении биосферной жизни. Автор статьи полагает, что в общем плане ноосферная безопасность имеет планетарный характер, а её рассмотрение требует решений на локальном и глобальном уровнях. В ходе социально-философского исследования автор приходит к выводу о том, что ноосферная безопасность — это система, состоящая из трех компонентов, а именно: социальной, техносферной и биосферной безопасности, что необходимо учитывать при планировании безопасного развития социума в техносфере.
Перспективы исследования. Исследуемая в работе проблематика позволит разработать программы стратегий безопасного социально-экономического и научно-технического развития, не подрывающего основ жизни на Земле и в России.
АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ХАРАКТЕР РУКОПИСЕЙ ДУХОВНО-АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЛОСОФИИ ПЕРВОЙ ПОЛОВИНЫ XIX ВЕКА
Authors: Нифонтова Ольга Ивановна , Липич Тамара Ивановна
Published: July 2024

Целью исследования является обоснование общего антропологического характера исследованных на сегодняшний день различных рукописных дисциплин духовно-академической философии первой половины XIX века.
Методология исследования заключается в использовании метода расшифровки рукописных текстов духовно-академических мыслителей первой половины XIX века, перевода их в печатный вид с последующим применением метода анализа содержания каждой рукописи отдельно, сравнительного анализа содержания рукописей между собой и последующего сопоставления полученных результатов с контекстом уже известных духовно-академических трудов первой половины XIX века.
Результаты исследования. В ходе проведенного анализа содержания различных по направленности богословских рукописных курсов духовно-академических мыслителей первой половины XIX века было выявлено и доказано на примерах их общее антропологическое начало, которое выражается в обязательном обращении каждой рукописи, независимо от ее названия, к проблеме человека, его природы, смертности, поиску пути к бессмертию. Выявлено, что именно вокруг проблемы человека и его спасения от вечной смерти выстраивается каждый из проанализированных богословских курсов, поэтому можно говорить о том, что антропологическая проблематика является тем центром, вокруг которого выстраивается учение любой богословской дисциплины, и в этом центре в качестве цели выступает человек, а все остальное становится средствами его спасения.
Перспективы исследования составляет дальнейшая расшифровка и анализ рукописных текстов духовно-академических мыслителей первой половины XIX века для выяснения глубины их антропологической составляющей.
ЭПОХА ГЛОБО: КОНЕЦ ИСТОРИИ ИЛИ НАЧАЛО НОВОГО?
Authors: Рудкевич Елена Юрьевна
Published: July 2024

Цель исследования заключается в анализе глобализационных процессов и их результатов, а также оценке работ А. Ю. Панарина и У. Бека.
Методология исследования определена самой темой и целью. Используются методы анализа, сравнения и сопоставления.
Результаты исследования. В рамках реализуемого исследования обосновано, что, во‑первых, глобализация предстает как неизбежный социально-экономический и социально-политический процесс. Во-вторых, однозначной оценки глобализации нет и быть не может в силу многоаспектности и сложности данного процесса, его многофакторного влияния на социальные общности и на человечество в целом. В-третьих, краткий анализ текстов А. С. Панарина и У. Бека дает все основания признать, что в данных работах преобладает негативное восприятие глобализации как процесса разрушения национальных государств и национальной культуры, хотя и имеется анализ положительных сторон глобализации.
Перспективы исследования. Обобщения и выводы, содержащиеся в статье, ориентируют на дальнейшее углубленное изучение и анализ работ по соответствующей тематике, а также на тщательное рассмотрение глобализационных процессов в их новом проявлении.