bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of a Parabolic Solar Concentrator in Nasiriya city, Iraq
Authors: Hannun Rafid M. , Koban Raheem M.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, it presents a detailed analysis of the use of the parabolic solar concentrator in heating and boiling water, as the parabolic solar concentrator was manufactured with a diameter of (96 cm), the focal length of the dish is (72 cm), and the focus depth of the dish is (8 cm). It was made using a parabolic dish with a diameter of (96 cm) and using glossy aluminum foil as a reflective sun ray after being cut into strips 10 cm wide and glued to the inner surface of the dish. Metal tin cans with two capacities (1L and 2L) were used as the absorbent receiver. Experiments were conducted to boil water from the roof of the house in Nassiriya city. The study calculated the optical efficiency of the equivalent solar concentrator, the amount of heat output as a result of the fall of concentrated solar radiation on the receiver, the amount of useful heat gained, the thermal losses from the receiver, the collector efficiency. Many tests were conducted in Nassiriya city weather conditions.

The results of the experiments showed that the efficiency of the solar center mainly depends on the diameter of the concentrator dish, the quality of the reflector used, the time of heating the water, and the closing to midday. While the high ambient air velocity leads to a decrease in the receiver temperature by increasing the heat loses to ambient air by convection, thus reducing the efficiency of the solar concentrator; as well as the accuracy of directing the dish towards the sun and determining the focus accurately also affects the efficiency of the solar concentrator.
Experimental Investigation of Blending Acetylene with Iraqi LPG to Determine a Flame Stability Map
Authors: Al-Naffakh Jameel T. , Al-Qassab Mohammed R. , Neamah Barzan Tarish , Al-Makhzoomi Zaid Mohammed Hasan
Published: March 2022

The difficult challenges facing the designers and engineers of combustion systems are the flame stability (flame stability map) represented by the limits of flashback and blow-off. In this study, acetylene gas was combined with Iraqi liquefied petroleum gas at rates (10% - 50%). The reason for choosing these two components is the low cost and ease of access to it. Where the flashback limits (critical velocity gradient) were obtained from (40-485) 1/sec, while the blow-off limits were (265-2510) 1/sec with a diameter of 25 cm for the burning nozzle diameter only for Iraqi LPG without mixing acetylene. While in the case of mixing 10% acetylene, the flashback limits (critical velocity gradient) were from (30-520) 1/sec and the blow-off limits (440-3985) 1/sec for the same diameter of the muzzle of 25 cm. Whereas, when mixing 30% of the acetylene, the flashback limits (critical velocity gradient) were from (55-575) 1/sec and the blow-off limits (570 - 4050) 1/sec. From the above three cases, noticed a relative expansion of the flame stability map for the flashback boundaries, while at the blow-off limits the amplitude was clear and large, which indicates the confidence in mixing acetylene with Iraqi LPG and obtaining a larger flame stability map. Thus, it stimulates its use in industrial fields and gas turbine power stations.
تطبيق حلقة التحسين المستمر و أستعمال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS للسيطرة على الحوادث في شركة الاستكشافات النفطية
Authors: علي لمى عصام , خلف بتول عطية
Published: March 2022

تضمن البحث تطبيق حلقة التحسين المستمر واستعمال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية لغرض السيطرة على حوادث العمل، تم اختيار (24) حادث كعينة للبحث للفترة 2017- 2018 – 2019  حصلت في شركة الاستكشافات النفطية. تحددت مشكلة البحث بوجود حوادث اثرت على انتاجية الفرق الزلزالية و تؤثر بشكل سلبي وكبير على سير الانتاج من حيث توقف العمل وبطئ في الانجاز وعدم الدقة وضياع الجهد اضافة الى خسارة الكفاءات من الجيولوجيين والمهندسين والعمال الماهرين والهدر في الوقت ومستلزمات العمل، تم استعمال اسلوب تطبيق حلقة ديمنغ للتحسين المستمر و تقنية  نظم المعلومات الجغرافية(GIS)  بأستعمال برنامج ArcGIS 10.8  ودراسة اثر التحسين من خلال تحليل بعض البيانات مكانياً باستعمال الاداة BUFFER، وقد توصل البحث الى عدة نتائج اهمها امكانية استعمال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية في بناء قواعد بيانات يمكن الرجوع اليها لتجنب حصول حوادث في صفوف العاملين.
Paradigma Nusantara
Authors: Mulawarman Aji D.
Published: March 2022

Buku ini "menggugat" kemapanan sains yang selama ini menjadi acuan para akademisi dalam mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan. Ketidakmapanan itu diungkapkan melalui kritikan atas Asumsi Trilogi Filsafat Barat yaitu ontologi-epistemologi-aksiologi. Bagaimana mungkin sebuah ilmu dibangun atas dasar asumsi yang selalu berubah tergantung paradigma positif, interpretif, kritis, posmodern maupun spiritual dan entah berubah secara empiris menjadi paradigma apa lagi? Aji Dedi mengajak kita untuk kembali ke jati diri Nusantara dengan mengunakan Kaidah yang tidak lagi melihat oposisi Barat atau Timur, tetapi djalankan melalui Hikmah yang Arif, Holistik dan tentu saja tidak berarti meninggalkan aspek Rasional hingga Religius. Menjadi wajar mengapa kita masih terus mem"bebek" dan galau untuk "mengejar ketertinggalan" karena ilmu kita sepi dari kreativitas yang asli berakar dari Nusantara. Mari berpikir sebagai manusia Nusantara, karena jika berpikir saja dibatasi 'asumsi' yang jauh dari kedirian kia, lalu kapan kita mencapai kemerdaan sejati?
Caesarean Myomectomy: Safety and Feasibility of The Procedure
Authors: Singh Vinita , Doshi Bhavya , Rastogi Aparajita , Raj Aditya , Solanke Rashmi , Kodumuri Loukya
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Frequency of uterine myomas has increased these days with factors like delayed child bearing and IVF conception in elderly pregnant women. The vascularity of uterus increased and thus myomectomy during caesarean was considered a risk. With advanced surgical techniques the risk has become minimal these days. Case Report: 42 year G4P3L3 presented with 36 weeks gestation with USG s/o 3 large uterine fibroid, 2 subserosal fibroids with largest of size 7.1 x 6.3 x 7.2 cms, and 1 intramural fibroid. Emergency LSCS was done for her due to fetal indication. Due to emergency nature of surgery the option of preoperative uterine artery embolisation was not feasible and hence decision of stepwise de-vascularisation was taken. The de-vascularisation was done at the level of B/L uterine arteries, utero ovarian anastomosis bilaterally followed by removal of the three myomas. Discussion: Majority of myomas do not require surgical intervention during pregnancy or delivery. It has been repeatedly stated in the literature that routine myomectomy during cesarean section should be avoided and should only be carried out in carefully selected patients. In our case, stepwise devascularisation was required to control the bleeding. Proper devascularization and experienced obstetricians can reduce the incidence of haemorrhage and hysterectomy. The approximate blood loss was only 400 ml signifying the importance of this approach to myomectomy during caesarean section.
Women in Colonial Space: A Study of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart and Ferdinand Oyono’s Houseboy
Authors: Emmerencia Sih Beh  , Walters Ncham Yong
Published: March 2022

Chinua Achebe and Ferdinand Oyono in their novels, Things Fall Apart and Houseboy, present women in three phases: as people who are sadly oppressed by their male counterparts, people who contribute in their subjugation by accepting the norms placed on them, and as powerful women. Many critics have focused their analysis on the oppression of women without considering the role of women in their own subjugation. Though their assumptions may appear to be right, women in these novels possess a degree of power. This study submits that, women’s suppression comes as a result of indigenous patriarchy and colonial patriarchal custom. The study has as findings that women accept some of the positions given them and even help in their suppression. The ones who try to speak out are either not heard, that is, “speaking in the belly of a beast” or considered in other lights. This study uses the Postcolonial feminist theory for its analysis. The theory is suitable for this study because it presents the forms of marginalization and exclusion of women, and the misrepresentation of their roles.  The study concludes that women are active, but their roles are underestimated by their counterparts, and they end up accepting the position given to them.
Issue of Dalit Identity and the Partition of Bengal
Authors: Mamud Hassan
Published: March 2022

This paper attempts to present the history of partition of Bengal and the issues of Dalit communities that they faced during and aftermath of partition of India in 1947. It presents the experiences of the ‘Chhotolok’ or Dalits and the sufferings they encountered because of the bifurcation of the Bengal province. The paper deals with the migration process in Bengal side and the treatment of government and higher-class societies towards lower class/caste people in their ‘new homeland’. The paper presents an account of representation of Dalits in Bengali partition narratives and the literature written by Dalit writers. The paper also presents their struggles in Dandyakaranya forest and the incident of Marichjhapi Massacre in post-partition Bengal as depicted in several Bengali partition novels written in Bengali and English language.
In Pursuit of Identity and Survival: Deciphering the Existential Concerns in the Movie Forrest Gump
Authors: Deepa Sehrawat  , Dr Silkey Chaudhary
Published: March 2022

Today, the life is full of struggles, negativity, competitions, and failures. We all need to remain motivated either by self or others. The film, "Forrest Gump", deals with finding the true meaning of the life despite facing numerous hurdles. It encourages never to stop and cry over the past experiences. The story is about a man named Forrest Gump. He was born with disabled legs and had a very low IQ of 75. No-one could ever imagine that one day, he will be a billionaire. The film teaches, the importance of life, that it is like a chocolate box, no one knows what will come next. To get rid of all the pains, we have to bury our past and just move forward. The film depicts the importance of hard work without desiring anything out of it. It also teaches that, our destiny is the result of how we used the opportunities and never missed any opportunity. The characters of the film whether Forrest Gump or Lieutenant Dan, all are very inspiring and motivating. The hard work without any desire makes Forrest, a billionaire. He never desired of anything, but got everything in his life. This film is the beautiful portrayal of the life during present scenario. It perfectly fits in today's world and is applicable to inspire the next generations. The film, also touches the aspects of Karma-theory as mentioned in the 'Bhagwat Geeta' that we should do hard work without having any desire and this will lead to the success. Forrest's unconventional love for Jenny melts my heart. Every scene of the film depicts the different colors and shades of life. The film teaches, how to deal with the problems of life, as Forrest said, "Shit Happens". This shows that, we should keep positive attitude towards life. The phrase, "Run Forrest, Run" said by Jenny, holds a deep meaning that we should keep moving forward without looking back. After all, we are intelligent enough and it is on us how much we apply it.
Wilderness in Ruskin Bond’s Dust on the Mountains
Authors: Rajesh Beniwal
Published: March 2022

Throughout reading short stories one realizes how the most fundamental stories of Indian culture also narrate tales of human existence. The Pañcatantra fables written in Sanskrit have also originated in India addressed to children that have stories that have been tailored distinctively to the evident needs of the child. Most of these stories are immersed in the Indian culture in which children grow up. Interestingly, Ruskin Bond as a story writer focuses on the epistemological foundation of the stories while incorporating fiction and personal experiences and, at the same time, with ecological concerns. His stories then become an assortment of experiences and anecdotes to understand the postulate in the story of humanity and the wilderness. This research paper is a study of Bond’s Dust on the Mountains that examines the stories as an expression of the narratives of civilization and wilderness. The aim of this paper is not only to read the book of stories that bridge different interdisciplinary subjects defining and describing wilderness but also to explore how the narrative speaks to readers with a wide range of backgrounds and interests. The study incorporates an ecocritical perspective to examine the metanarrative that frames both author’s and readers’ imagination, perception, and way of life.
Jane Austen’s Novels: A Study from Feminist Perspective
Authors: Dr. Anuradha Chaudhuri
Published: March 2022

To bring changes in the society, the role of courageous women and their sacrifices are always to be recognised though many a times, it is seen that they are deprived of it and are rather exploited. Jane Austen is alleged to be such a woman. Six of her novels, concerned basically with the themes of love, marriage and wealth show many progressive notes here and there in the respective texts. They vividly depict the life led by and psychology revealed by women in that age. Apart from that, these texts also reveal the author’s feminine realization and thoughtful propositions. Feminist policy of the Victorian Era is shown in novels like Pride and Prejudice and Emma. In first half of the nineteenth century, also known as the Romantic Age, Jane Austen is acclaimed as one of the most reasonable and artistically perfect writers of narratives as her novels are acknowledged by readers world-wide. She has produced diverse woman characters with unlike individualities and knowledge in her work. Her stories show that women protagonists start to follow their true love despite various challenges from society, public stigma and differences in class, strata, social and monetary status which symbolize female self-awareness and sense of self-dignity. The present paper puts forth a critical analysis of Austen’s work in the context of feminist ideology.
A garden's place in critical food systems education
Authors: Glowa K.
Published: March 2022

For several years, hundreds of students have been tour guests and interns at a community garden, the Beach Flats Garden, run by Mexican and Salvado­rian farmers in Santa Cruz, California. This paper reflects upon engagement between the gardeners and local educational institutions and opportunities through three major themes: connection between practices of solidarity, urgency of action, and peda­gogy; possibilities in engaging with the frameworks of critical food system pedagogy alongside the les­sons of autonomia and activist ethnography; and the importance of teaching the history of agroecol­ogy and more broadly of social research in connec­tion with resistance to capitalist-colonial domina­tion. The article discusses what place the garden holds in expanding and deepening the scope of food system education through providing examples of noncapitalist exchanges and practices, a space of resistance to gentrification in a highly competi­tive land market, and decolonial foodways that emphasize gardeners’ traditional agroecological knowledge.
A Mathematical Method with Word Frequency Sorting for Mining Web Content Outliers
Authors: Mistry Kinnari , Desai Chirayu , Lal Sanjay , Patel Krishna
Published: March 2022

The Internet is a massive collection of information that makes it extremely difficult to search and retrieve the required and valuable information. So, Search engine became an important tool for searching various data from the web. The primary evaluation of search engine is effectiveness and efficiency. While searching for information through search engines, always users retrieve redundant and irrelevant information. This replicated and uninteresting information affects both the effectiveness and efficiency of search engine by wasting users’ time by browsing the uninterested documents and its accessing time. Web content outlier mining plays a significant role in identifying and removing these redundant document (outliers) which is an important issue among the information retrieval and web mining research communities since most of the people rely on search engines to get the required information. Most existing algorithms for web content outlier mining focuses attention on applying weightage only to the common terms in the documents whereas in this research work, a mathematical approach based on term frequency ranking to identify the duplicates, and uses the domain dictionary to check for relevant document has been carried out to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the search engine.
Research Progress of Prion Characteristics and Pathogenesis
Authors:   ", Enbiyale Dembel Ayana ,   Field Practitioner at University of Gondar Veterinary Clinic, College of Veterinary Medicine and science, University of Gondar,  P.O. Box. 196, Gondar, Ethiopia "
Published: March 2022

Prions are infectious proteins that cause disease in variable species of animals, including human being. The normal, cellular protein PrP (PrPC) is converted into PrPSc through a post translational process during which it acquires a high β-sheet content which made the protein resistant to degradation by proteinase K due to its PrP 27-30 domain that increase its half-life to >48 hours as compared to that of the normal 3-6 hours, its stay leads to self-propagation and toxicity. The disease pathology is associated with many disturbances mainly in central nervous system which resulted from increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, disturbance of iron metabolism, alteration of calcium metabolism, increases of inflammatory cytokines, chemokine’s and nuclear factor-kappa β activity. The entire process creates a spongy hole inside the nervous system which leads to condition called encephalopathy. The agent cause scrapie in sheep and goats, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle (known as mad cow disease), transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) in mink, chronic wasting disease (CWD) in white tailed deer, elk, mule deer and moose, feline spongiform encephalopathy in cats, exotic ungulate encephalopathy (EUE) in Nyala and Oryx. In humans it causes Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and its varieties, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS), fatal familial insomnia (sFI) and Kuru. Prion diseases have zoonotic and interspecies transmission. Banning Meat bone meal and culling infected animals are recommended.
Response of Groundwater Temperature to Global Warming in the South Fergana River Basin
Authors:   Department of Geography, Namangan State University, Uychi street 160136, Uzbekistan, Ismoiljon Mirzahmedov
Published: March 2022

The article presents the results of assessing the response of the groundwater regime in the river basins of South Fergana to global warming and covers the use and protection of natural resources of the Fergana. It also covers the issues of population growth in the Fergana and changes in the soils of the oasis as a result of various natural processes, reduced productivity and their protection.
Influence of Roof Matrix Materials and Thickness on Roof Runoff Rainwater: Modeling and Optimization
Authors: Kumar. R Dinesh , K Chitra , M Monica
Published: March 2022

Rainwater harvesting is an approach which provides loads of benefits to plants, animals and human lives for survival. On this basis, a small-scale rainwater harvesting structure was constructed at the Adeleke University Teaching and Research Farm Ede, Osun-State. This study investigated the influence roof material and angle of tilt on the volume of harvested rainwater. Four mini-structures were constructed with different roof materials (Aluminum, Fiber, Asbestos and Biomass based materials) and each roof material was constructed with an adjuster to set the roof surface to three major tilt angles (35, 40 and 450). The volume of harvested rainwater harvested was measured for various samples. The statistical analysis showed that all the variables affect the volume of harvested rainwater. Modeling result gave the optimal condition of 45o tilt angle and biomass based roof material which gave 5.27 litres of water. The model developed developed has a R2 value of 97% which showed a good agreement. More concerted efforts should be geared towards public sensitisation for an increased public interest to harvest more rainwater for domestic uses like irrigation farming and other farm operations especially in places with water scarcity areas where there is low annual rainfall.
Study on Environmental Impact Risk Assessment of Punjab Tunnel Construction
Authors:   Institute of Agriculture Extension & Rural Development, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Kumari Sakshi , Rani Gupta Vibha ,   Institute of Agriculture Extension & Rural Development, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Published: March 2022

Vegetables have a great importance in agriculture sector. These crops share a great contribution to agriculture in national economy. There are many vegetables which can be grown in Pakistani climate and soil. Tunnel farming is a new technology for growing vegetables due to increase in population and small land for agricultural use. Government of Punjab is doing its effort to disseminate this technology among the farmers to enhance their vegetable production. Fruit and Vegetable Development Project (F&VDP) was also started by the Punjab government in 20 districts of the Punjab. The study was done in Faisalabad district of Punjab, Pakistan. In Faisalabad, there were 12 Farmer Field Schools (FFSs) under F&VDP, out of which six FFSs were randomly selected for the collection of data through interview schedule. From each selected FFS, 20 respondents were selected randomly making sample of 120 respondents. The data were analyzed through the computer software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Based on the findings of the present study, it was assessed that respondents got benefits from the project in term of increase in their income and their area under vegetable cultivation also increases. Similarly, farmers knowledge about plants growth also enhanced, quality of produce increased. It is suggested that the time period of the project should be extended and there should be facility of small credit schemes for poor farmers to ensure the timely availability of quality seeds, pesticides and fertilizers. It is proven that project has enhanced livelihood assets to sustain the family lives of farming community.
Theoretical Analysis of Tourism Tax
Authors:   Tashkent Finance Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, R. Padmadhas
Published: March 2022

The importance of the tax potential of tourist activity and the possibility of solving the problems facing the country's economy in the context of slowing economic growth determine the relevance of the research. One of the current, not yet solved problem is the problem of optimizing the tax burden, which is based on the analysis of the dependence of economic agents ' behavior to changes in the tax pressure and must take into account the possibility of opportunistic action on their part, the solution of which will allow to improve the revenue side of the budget. The tax burden for a particular entity is defined as the share of taxes in sales revenue. The main difficulties in assessing the level of tax burden on the enterprise due to the heterogeneity of taxes and the level of their impact on the economy. First, the tax burden on taxes paid at cost must be measured by the specific weight of these taxes as part of cost. Secondly, taxes paid at the expense of the financial results of the company's activities should be compared with the profit from sales of the main activity.
Research on Indian Architecture Safety Management Mode
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, A.S.L. Pauls College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, K Bhuyar Bhagyashree , N. Vedpathak A ,   Department of Civil Engineering, RVS Technical Campus-Coimbatore, Coimbatore
Published: March 2022

There are about 8.5 million workers employed in the construction activities in India. The construction workers constitute a major portion of the unorganized labour and characterized by their casual nature of employment, temporary relationship with the employer, prolonged and uncertain working hours, lack of safety and health measures, and inadequacy of basic amenities and welfare facilities. There are many legislation providing safeguards for the contract workers in India. The construction safety has been made legally enforceable after the enactment of The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 and Central Rules 1998. This paper details on various statutory provisions for construction safety in India with specific reference to the BOCW Act, Central Rules and State Rules.
28 ŞUBAT SÜRECİ, E-MUHTIRA VE 15 TEMMUZ FETÖ DARBE GİRİŞİMİNİN EKONOMİ-POLİTİK ANALİZİ
Authors: ÜZÜMCÜ Adem
Published: March 2022

Türkiye’de demokratik yönetim dönemlerini kesintiye uğratan darbe, muhtıra benzeri ara rejim girişimlerinin geçmişi Osmanlı Devletinin son dönemine kadar gitmektedir. Sultan Abdülaziz’in tahtan indirilmesi, İttihat ve Terakki Partisi tarafından gerçekleştirilen Bab-ı Ali Baskını darbe geleneğin başlangıcı sayılan olaylardır. Bu çerçevede 27 Mayıs 1960 Darbesi, 12 Mart 1971 Muhtırası ve 12 Eylül 1980 Darbesi, bu kötü geleneğin devamıdır.

Türkiye’nin siyasi ve ekonomik alanda geri kalmasına yol açan bu üç darbe/ara rejim sonrası, Necmettin Erbakan’ın Başbakanlığını yaptığı Refah-Yol hükümetini devirmeye yönelik Post Modern Darbe 28 Şubat Süreci, özellikle ekonomik alanda çok daha fazla olumsuzluklara neden olmuştur. Bu süreçte faizler yükselmiş, enflasyon oranı %100 düzeyine yaklaşmış, bütçe açıkları yükselmiş, bankaların içi boşaltılmış, iktisadi büyüme oranları gerilemiştir. Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisinin (AK Parti) siyasi istikrarı sağladığı ortamda cumhurbaşkanı seçimini etkilemeye çalışan 2007 yılı E-Muhtıra girişimi, AK Partinin bu girişime karşı güçlü tepkisi ve Cumhurbaşkanını halkın seçmesini sağlayan yasal değişim sayesinde siyasi ve ekonomik açıdan zarar veremeyen bir girişim olmuştur. Buna karşın Cumhurbaşkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan ve AK Parti iktidarını devirmeye yönelen 15 Temmuz 2016 FETÖ darbe girişimi, 17-25 Aralık 2013 yolsuzluk kılıfı altındaki yargısal darbe girişimi ile başlayan ve Türkiye’yi birçok alanda kontrol etmeyi amaçlayan bir darbe olarak ekonomik açıdan büyük olumsuzluklar doğurmuştur. 15 Temmuz Darbe girişimi sonrası döviz kurları yükselmiş, iktisadi büyüme oranı gerilemiş, ülkeye yabancı sermaye girişi azalmış, faiz oranları yükselmiştir.

Bu bildiride, bu üç darbe girişiminin ekonomi-politik analizi yapılmaktadır. Bu amaçla her bir darbe girişiminin üç yıl önce ve sonrasına ilişkin iktisadi büyüme, enflasyon ve işsizlik oranı gibi genel makroekonomik göstergeler, kamu maliyesi göstergeleri ve dış ticaret göstergeleri karşılaştırmalı biçimde analiz edilmektedir. Yapılan karşılaştırmalı analizler çerçevesinde diğer iki darbe/muhtıra girişimine göre 28 Şubat Sürecinde makroekonomik göstergeler ve kamu maliyesi göstergeleri üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerin daha fazla olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
study of the perception of diabetes mellitus among the people of Petaling Jaya in Malaysia
Authors: Iqbal Mohsena , Yasmin Farzana , Haque Ahasanul , Rashid Mohammad Abdur , Pervin Kohinoor , Maziz Mohammad Nazmul Hasan
Published: March 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide medical problem with lack of knowledge, high costs, and maximum cause of mortality. The assessment of knowledge is very important about diabetes mellitus and its causes, symptoms, complications, risk factors among the general population in Petaling Jaya due to gradual increase in diabetes and its complications among patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the perception of diabetes mellitus among the people residing in Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. This is descriptive cross-sectional study which included 400 samples of various ages, sexes, ethnicities, income levels, education levels and family history of diabetic patients from ten policlinics in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. A validated questionnaire with five elements was used for this study. The collected data from the respective respondents were analyzed through SPSS software. SPSS has been used to analyse the demographic profile of the respondents, as well as perform exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study's findings indicated that general knowledge of diabetes mellitus, knowledge of risk factors of diabetes, knowledge of symptom of diabetes mellitus, knowledge of complications of diabetes mellitus are factors that significantly affect perception of diabetes mellitus among the people residing in Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Assessment of the efficiency of listerine mouthwash as an adjuvant to conventional tooth brushing
Authors: Khan Mohammad Shoyab , Agarwal Sneha , Choudhury Dhiman , Sharma Vivek , Suradkar Kiran , Dalave Pranita
Published: March 2022

To assess the effectiveness of Listerine mouthwash as an adjuvant to routine toothbrushing. The current trial was undertaken in 60 subjects who were categorized into two groups. Group A (Tooth brushing alone two times a day for two weeks) and Group B (Tooth brushing two times a day followed by 20 ml Listerine mouth rinse for 30 seconds twice daily, 30 minutes follow up tooth brushing). Plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation were evaluated using Modified Gingival Index, Turesky-Gillmore-Glickman- Modification of Quigley Hein Plaque Index and Approximal Plaque Index. The modified gingival index scores were significantly reduced in both groups and when pre and post treatment measurements of modified gingival index were equated in participants exercising toothbrushing accompanied by Listerine mouthwash, it was observed that the modified gingival index scores were significantly decreased. When the mean difference in plaque index values were equated in participants exercising toothbrushing accompanied by Listerine mouthwash then it was concluded that the values were significantly decreased. Listerine mouthwash could be considered as a supplement to mechanical plaque control approaches for the reason that of its exceptional antiplaque upshots, that is considered as a outcome of its excellent gradation of tenacity on the tooth surface.
An in vivo evaluation of the clinical success rates of mineral trioxide aggregate and formocresol in pulp therapies of deciduous teeth- an original research study
Authors: Bansal Mohit , Raina Apeksha , Sidhmukh Riddhi , Sobti Pushkar , Chakrabarty Maj Anubhav , Rana Preeti Lather
Published: March 2022

This in vivo study was conducted to evaluate the clinical success rates of mineral trioxide aggregate and formocresol in pulp therapies of deciduous teeth. Total 40 patients were studied including male and female patients in the age range of 5 to 8 years. One deciduous decayed molar per patient evaluated. Pulpotomy was endeavored very cautiously to avoid any post operative complications. Group 1 has 20 deciduous molars treated with formocresol whereas Group 2 has 20 deciduous molars treated with mineral trioxide aggregate. Patients were reevaluated for clinical and radiographic outcomes in their post operative phases at different timings. Date and other details were subjected to basic statistical analysis. P value less than 0.05 considered as significant (p<0.05). Results confirmed that in the age group of 5 years, there were 6 male and 4 female patients. P value was highly significant for that (0.01). In addition, p value was highly significant (0.01) for evaluation done at 10 months post operative phase in group 1. P value was very significant (0.02) for evaluation done at 10 months post operative phase in group 2.
Obesity relationship with vitamin D and calcium in people eating for fish
Authors: Mhmood Jwaishin Ekrayyem , Jassem Ali Abdel Wahab
Published: March 2022

This study was conducted on (120) people (60 males and 60 females) in different regions of Salah al-Din Governorate, namely Samarra, Ishaqi and Balad for the period from 1/1/2020 to 5/1/2021. The persons were divided into four groups (30 males and 30 females). They eat fish and (30 males and 30 females) do not eat fish. The results showed that there were significant (P<0.05) differences between the average weights of the four groups, and the highest average value was (80.27) kg for males who did not eat fish. It was also found that there were significant (P<0.05) differences in the value of Vit.D, and the highest average value was (29.94 nanograms). /ml) in the males who eat fish, and the largest value was (35.23 nanograms/ml) in the weight group (90 kg), and significant differences (P<0.05) were found in the value of calcium, and the highest average value was (8.53 mg/ml) in The males who ate fish had the highest value (8.76 mg/ml) in the weight category (80 kg).
Evaluation of pneumatization of the temporal bone with cone beam computed tomography
Authors: Choudhary Anuridhi , Ahuja Upasana Sethi , Rathore Akshay , Puri Nidhi , Budakoti Akansha , Das Smiti Rekha
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The temporal bone depicts a variety of pneumatization patterns which are incidental findings but have a great clinical significance for planning surgical procedures in this area. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of pneumatization of articular tubercle and roof of glenoid fossa. Methods: 520 CBCT scans of 260 patients were evaluated to determine pneumatized articular eminence prevalence and characteristics. Gender, laterality and type of pneumatization were observed for both the left and right sides. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the relationship between pneumatized articular eminence and roof of glenoid fossa and gender and type. The software used for the statistical analysis was SPSS version 21.0 and the p-value < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: PAT was detected in 180 (34.6%), consisting of 105 (20.2%) unilocular and 75 (14.4%) multilocular. PRGF was observed in 224 (43.1%) patients, consisting of 80 (15.4%) unilocular and 144 (27.7%) multilocular. There was 102(19.6%), 93(17.9%) unilateral PAT and PRGF and 44 (8.5%), 74 (14.2%) bilateral PAT and PRGF respectively. Significant corelation was observed for the distribution of types of PAT according to gender (p-value= 0.001).
Study of hematological parameters in petrol stations workers in Samarra city-Iraq
Authors: Mahmood Methaq Nazhan , Omer Hala Wathik
Published: March 2022

The current study is to assess the impact of benzene exposure to some bloody variables for fuel stations workers in Samarra, as well to detect whether incessant exposure perhaps lead to a pathological response in the blood system, which is inferred through changes in some blood markers. This study was conducted on 35 blood samples from males working in car filling stations in the city of Samarra, and the study was conducted on fuel suppliers considering that they are the most in contact with and exposed to benzene fumes used as car fuel, and divided according to the exposure period into two groups, a group exposed from 3-4 years old and another exposed group from 8-10 years, and they all underwent a CBC tests , and 25 blood samples were collected of the normal males who did not work in filling stations as a comparison group , they were subjected to the same previous tests. The results showed hematological changes in workers exposed to benzene fumes, as the results of this study showed a significant increase in MCHC, MCH, NUT, WBC, PLT, MCV, MPV in the two groups exposed to benzene for the periods of (3-4) and (8-10) years.
Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological changes resulting from administration of three different concentration of diazepam in mice
Authors: Hameed Marwa Adil , Oubeid Wasan Sarhan , Hadree Dakheel Hussein
Published: March 2022

Diazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative that is commonly used for its sedative and anxiolytic activities. The liver plays a major role in the metabolism of this drug. By using the experimental animals, female white mice aged 2-3 months were divided into four groups. Each group contains three mice. The first group (the control) was given distilled water for four weeks. While the second, third and fourth groups were given diazepam at concentrations (0.25 mg / ml, 0.50 mg / ml, 0.75 mg / ml), respectively, for four weeks, orally  using stomach tubes. Blood was drawn, to obtain the blood for hematological tests and the serum for biochemical tests. Rats were dissected, and samples were taken to the laboratory for the purpose of analyzes and tissue segmentation of the liver, spleen. Liver and spleen tissues were obtained for the histopathology analysis and serum for the assay of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
The effect of chemical substances on endocrine disorder and related with morbidity and mortality of sperms in albino rats
Authors: Ayub Rasha Hamid , Mutar Wurood Mohammed , Ahmed Qays Assi
Published: March 2022

Parabens are a group of alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid that is commonly added to personal care products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, beverages, and food processing as an antimicrobial preservative. Butylparaben has been reported to cause sperm poisoning. To identify a previous marker of the toxicity of environmental substances or food additives, this study determined whether Butylparaben had an effect on the external appearance of sperm. Where several concentrations of 400mg/kg, 300mg/kg, and 200mg/kg were used daily for 20 days and dissolved in corn oil. It was found that it had an effect, as treatment with this substance led to a reduction in the weight of the testes and epididymis in the adult male rats used understudy. The results also showed a decrease in the number of sperms and their vitality compared to the control group, and the higher concentration used in the study had the greatest effect as compared to the other study groups and control, where the abnormalities in the sperm were represented by the twisting and breaking off the tail with the separation of the head in some sperms and the deformation of the head and the tail agglutination.
Comparative safe-reduction of body weight in rats by using different doses of formalin
Authors: Ameer Sarah Saad Abdul , Abdulshahed Rawaa Hamid
Published: March 2022

Body weight gain and obesity have a significant influence on quality of life since they are related with comorbidities and psychological issues. The latter is far more significant than most people think. Formoline L112, a formulation containing polyglucosamine, a chitosan derivative, is one of the most often used products in Europe to help people lose weight. Aim of the study: to evaluate dose-related body weight reduction in rats with possible measuring of drug's safety. Materials and method: 30 rat were classified into 3 groups; group 1 (No.=10) used as control, group 2 (No.=10) given 1 tablet of formoline, and group 3 (No.=10) was given 2 tablet each 12 hours\day. The body weight of each rat was taken before and 30 days after treatment. Blood urea and serum creatinine was assessed before and after using the drug to exclude renal injury. Results: there was significant reduction (at P<0.05)  in body weight by using either single or double doses of formoline as compared to control group with no statistical significance of using single dose as compared to double dose.
Impact of growing beans (vicia faba) in saline soil on aldosterone, angiotensin-1 hormones, urea and creatinine in local rabbits males (oryctolagus coniculus)
Authors: Hussien Omar Shamel , Abdullah Khalida Khalil , Al-Hilali Bara’a Mohammed Ibrahim , Hussain Marwa Emad Bader
Published: March 2022

Planting Vicia faba in saline soil could be lethal because of high salt concentration and osmotic pressure.  We use two conditions one is normal soil, and the other is saline soil to be compared. The first time the bean didn’t grow the second experiments it grows in weak shape and different properties from the normal. The growing plants (bean) in the saline soil were taken and mixed with the rabbit food to find the impact of salty bean on hormones and other parameters. The soil and plant results are differed from control which saline soil affect the properties and plant growth. Electrical conductivity increases, CHO (organic matter in soil) decreased in soil, Humidity% in salinity soil increased, pH increases. All these results of soil decreasing length, chlorophyll concentration, organic materials, and many studied parameters in plant. The rabbits’ feeds with saline bean have different parameters from the normal.
Evaluation of micronucleus in exfoliated epithelial cells and seminal fluid quality in petrol station workers in Samarra city-Iraq
Authors: Al-Obaidi Omar Raheem Khalaf , Asaad Makarim Moustafa Kamal , Al-Hilali Baraa Mohammed Ibrahim
Published: March 2022

The use of cytogenetic parameters, including micronuclei and seminal fluid quality, is one of the most important indicators relied upon to determine the harm that a person may suffer during his work. Benzene is an important organic product. When exposed to it continuously, it may lead to many disorders. As well as exposure to gasoline, vapors can cause damage to the DNA, which is one of the possible causes of cancer in humans. The study was conducted on 80 individuals, 50 workers in filling stations who are permanently exposed to petroleum derivatives by inhaling them while refueling vehicles, and {the control group} also consisted of 30 individuals collected from rural areas. Cells of Exfoliated buccal and seminal fluid were obtained from each subject to examine. The frequency of micronucleus among workers in filling stations results showed a significant increase compared to the control group. The hesitance of micronuclei among workers in filling stations was (106± 3.23) compared to the control group which was (27.6 ± 3.26), as well as the results obtained showed that there were statistically significant differences between semen indicators for workers in filling stations compared to the control group, there is exception.
24 heures chrono, naissance du genre sécuritaire ?
Authors: Allouche Sylvie
Published: March 2022

Au lendemain du 11 septembre 2001 surgissait sur nos écrans la série 24 heures chrono (2001-2014, Joel Surnow et Robert Cochran, Fox), qui mettait en scène l’agent spécial Jack Bauer (Kiefer Sutherland) en lutte contre le terrorisme. Série emblématique des années 2000, elle est la première expression d’un phénomène qui continue de se développer, à savoir le déploiement de la fiction comme outil d’analyse de la violence terroriste et comme véhicule de significations et de valeurs. Point d’origine post-traumatique du genre sécuritaire, 24 heures chrono, est toutefois plus abstraite, plus morale que sa descendance : plus philosophique peut-être.
24 heures chrono et l’état d’exception
Authors: Béal Christophe
Published: March 2022

Dans 24 heures chrono, l’État est confronté à une situation de crise qui l’amène à prendre des mesures qui suspendent le droit ordinaire. Les événements présentés dans la série télévisée relèvent d’un état d’exception. L’enjeu de cette contribution est d’analyser ce qu’une fiction télévisée peut apporter à la manière de penser l’état d’exception, son rapport à l’ordre juridique et ses enjeux politiques. Cette réflexion s’inscrit dans une recherche plus générale visant l’usage des fictions (films, séries) par la philosophie du droit.
24 heures chrono, une série trop morale ?
Authors: Nurock Vanessa
Published: March 2022

Contrairement à ce qu’affirment certains détracteurs de 24 heures chrono qui soutiennent que la série exprime une vision simpliste du monde et une apologie à peine voilée de la torture, je défends l’idée qu’elle revêt en réalité une dimension hyper-morale en ce qu’elle propose une véritable éducation morale ouverte du public, et non moralisante – car basée sur la variation des points de vue et une réflexion pluraliste qui n’est jamais ni prédéfinie ni définitive. M’appuyant sur la théorie du développement moral de Lawrence Kohlberg, je montre en particulier comment le personnage principal Jack Bauer dépasse les deux grandes conceptions morales que sont l’utilitarisme et le déontologisme pour se révéler un authentique anti-héros, celui qu’on ne voudrait pas être et dont il ne faudrait pas avoir besoin. Mais Jack nous rappelle aussi ce qu’est l’exigence morale absolue, sa valeur tout autant que son prix et ses limites, illustrant ainsi l’exigence amorale de l’éthique kohlbergienne, marquée par l’excès, voire l’abus d’une exigence morale désespérée. Jack est-il alors une incarnation possible du stade cosmologique que Kohlberg avait fini par abandonner ? La série souligne en tous cas à quel point les héros sont fatigués et témoigne de la nécessité d’un changement politique qui permettrait à notre monde de ne plus avoir besoin de tels héros. Car si Jack Bauer en est un malgré tout, il l’est à la façon de Sisyphe – un héros de l’absurde.
Survivant désigné : Jack Bauer et sa descendance
Authors: Laugier Sandra
Published: March 2022

L’article explore l’impact de 24 heures chrono sur le public à travers les différentes vies de Jack Bauer : les retours à l’écran du héros sous diverses formes, dans une 9e saison de 24 heures chrono quatre ans après ses adieux, ensuite dans la série Designated Survivor où il incarne un président états-unien arrivé au pouvoir par accident, et enfin dans la continuité affichée entre 24 heures chrono et ses successeurs du genre sécuritaire, particulièrement Homeland qui a pris sa suite et ses responsabilités ; mais dans un contexte bien plus ambivalent et dangereux, où le risque n’est plus seulement le terrorisme, mais l’incapacité des gouvernants à répondre aux menaces globales du présent.
La torture dans 24 heures chrono. De la fiction à la réalité
Authors: Touret-Dengreville Théo
Published: March 2022

Les attentats terroristes du 11 septembre 2001 ont marqué un véritable traumatisme dans la psyché des États-Unis contemporains. L’administration Bush a immédiatement engagé une « Guerre contre la Terreur », et donné notamment la permission à la CIA de pratiquer des techniques d’interrogatoire voisines de la torture. Cette même torture que l’on rencontre à de très nombreuses reprises dans la série à succès 24 heures chrono qui au lendemain des attentats nous présente Jack Bauer, agent de la fictive Counter Terrorism Unit (CTU). Héros pragmatique et déterminé s’inscrivant dans une longue histoire de vigilantes états-uniens, Bauer n’hésite pas à torturer psychologiquement et physiquement ceux qu’il suspectent d’être des ennemis des États-Unis, se plaçant hors-la-loi pour accomplir ce qu’il estime être une mission juste : protéger son pays. Il convient alors de s’interroger sur la représentation de la torture dans 24 heures chrono, l’impact en termes de perception qu’elle a eu sur les spectateurs, et la comparer avec la torture telle qu’elle a été pratiquée et remise en question dans le cadre de la « Guerre contre la Terreur » menée par les États-Unis.