bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Active Purification (The Ancren Riwle Parts 2 and 3)
Authors: Pepler Conrad
Published: August 2024

A Natural division in the purgative way arises from the two types of purification which the soul must undergo before it is ready for its second conversion and entry into illumination. These are first the active and then the passive purifications. The beginner on entry into the way of perfection has the relics of past sin hanging about him like so many rags and pieces of knotted cord. He has to struggle to shake himself free of this foul heritage. The ascetic moral virtues must be brought particularly into play. He must burn away the dross from his senses and his emotions, He must practise, above all, temperance and justice—the caustic virtues that will cleane him thoroughly if he fears no personal suffering. It is precisely here that a rule plays its first part. The soul needs guidance and also the virtue of obedience, which lies at the root of all sacrifice and of every moral virtue insofar as the virtuous actions are performed, because they are known as God's will. After this active following of a rule and its ascetic influence, God himself begins to apply the knife to the diseases which pass unnoticed in the general bustle of the active life.
A Virgin Preface
Authors: Hay Jerome
Published: August 2024

It is truly meet and just, right and availing unto salvation that we should at all time and in all places, give thanks unto thee, Holy Lord, Father Almighty, everlasting God, gracious dweller in chaste bodies and divme lover of undefined souls.

For in that Word of thine by whom all things were made, thou dost renew man's nature corrupted in. the first of our race by the malice of the devil. And this in such wise as rtf only to recall it to the innocence of its first beginnings, bu even to bring it to a knowledge of those everlasting good things attainable in the life to come. Indeed, thou dost even now uplift unto the likeness of angels those who are still bound by the condition of this mortal life
The Trinity and Man's Need
Authors: Evans Illtud
Published: August 2024

The first and last of man's needs is his need of another person. Man and woman, child and mother, the simple fact of friendship—we are made that way; we are made for other persons. We are made for a life that is meant to be shared. It is not good for man to be alone.

And the pain of loneliness is more than an ache in your hand: something that hurts, but it will pass, it is not all of you. Loneliness is a hurt in the centre of your self: you are alone, and you long for another to share your need.

Man is made for another: but in the end that other is Cod. All love asks to be shared (that is what love means: a sharing, a giving-and- taking). And a selfish love is no love at all. So it is that God (who is love) supremely asks to be shared.
Good Friday
Authors: Foster Paul
Published: August 2024

At this period of the year, as the earth swings in its orbit from aphelion to perihelion and brings the tree to bud and leaf again, Holy Church, by some ancient sortilege of Epacts and Indictions, Concurrences and Golden Numbers, fixes in that orbit a point that shall be Easter Day. Thereby she also fixes the days that immediately precede Easter. So nature and supernature, the universe and the universal Church, confront us year by year on Good Friday with that leafless and essential tree, the Cross.

Let us, today, go back to the first Good Friday, and take our stand where the Cross is to be erected. We are just outside the gates of Jerusalem, on the refuse-dump, the place of execution where the city eliminates its most hateful objects, the men whom it can no longer stomach within it. Look down from the little hill upon the great city.
'Come and See'
Authors: McNabb Vincent
Published: August 2024

The next day John saw Jesus coming to him and lie saitli, Behold The Lamb of God … Come and see … they came and saw where he abode and they stayed with him that day'.(St John I, 29.)
The Holy Ghost
Authors: Thomas Ivo
Published: August 2024

Qui confcxsioni Patris et Filii connex-us est non potent a confensione Patris et Filii separari.(St Hilary, De Trinitate,II. 29.)
Stability
Authors: Rutledge Dom Denys
Published: August 2024

To a generation born and bred to conditions notoriously unstable there should be something singularly attractive, if at the same time somewhat elusive, in the thought of stability. Most people will instinctively think of it in its possible application to international, social, economic and financial affairs; to religious, and more particularly to Benedictines, it may more naturally suggest the vow of stability which was St Benedict's most far-reaching contribution to western monasticism. Yet the two aspects are more closely connected than may at first sight appear, the one in fact springs naturally from the other. In both connections there is implied a continuity, a stability, of contact with the source and origin, the Fons et Origo, of all things, a dimly-realised perception of a model and exemplar in accordance with which man and his world are to be ordered and fashioned.
Roots and Unity
Authors: Pepler Conrad
Published: August 2024

When a man is granted a vision he is always, at least at first, worth listening to. He may later obscure the vision by his own petty fanaticism, but so long as the sight is granted him and so long as he is the receiver rather than the generator he will have something of value to say. Men should therefore bear him with patience and with an open mind, and they will surely learn from him. The danger of brushing visionaries aside comes in particular to those who consider themselves to be so entirely possessed of the truth, that they have nothing more of value to learn—and there are numbers of such complacents.

These remarks are occasioned by two books which have indeed been received with an open mind by many, but which run the risk of being set on one side by those who would most benefit by them, namely the fervent Christian who looks once again for a united Christendom.
The spirit of a New Congregation A Note on Modern Asceticism
Authors: Tanner Terence
Published: August 2024

Radicate et fundati in cantate as an ideal for the religious life is not older than the New Testament, but since that time it has been the inspiration of all religion. Each succeeding age has attempted to interpret it according to the spirit of its time, but no comprehensive interpretation has yet been achieved and one wonders what depths of meaning are still to be revealed. Like a jewel flashed in the sun it is continually revealing facets of scintillating beauty, and while one is paralysed by the beauty one now beholds, the beauty of yore is dimmed bub not diminished. Man's mind is finite and awaits the ultimate judgment, or appreciation of God, but our faith in the maturing life of the Church moves Us to hope that our interpretation of beauty, or charity, is the highest yet known to man. Other men may say ‘the old is better': other men have a right to their opinion. It is the Catholic Church.

In our own day a new congregation, with a new spirit and a new asceticism, is discovering a new application of this ideal of the religious life.
On the Patronage of St Joseph and of the Blessed Virgin
Authors: Leo
Published: August 2024

To our Venerable Brethren Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops, Bishops and other local Ordinaries enjoying peace and communion with the Apostolic See, Venerable Brethren, Health and Apostolic Benediction.

Although we have on many occasions ordained special prayers to be offered up throughout the world, and have often ordered the Catholic cause to be commended to God with greater insistency, no one will be surprised that in these present times we have once more seen tit to bring the I duty of special prayer home to souls.

In times of difficulty and hardship, more especially when the Powers of darkness seem to be given free rein to dare all within their power for the disgrace of the Christian cause, the Church has always been wont to implore God's help with greater fervour and perseverance, knowing that he is her author and defender. She has at the same time had recourse to the intercession of the saints in heaven, above all to that of the august Virgin the Mother of God, the support of whose patronage is surely the most powerful help in difficulty. Sooner or later the fruit of such pious supplication and of confidence in the divine goodness becomes apparent.
Edith Stein: Philosopher, Carmelite and Martyr
Authors: Nicholl Donald
Published: August 2024

The ‘Science of the Cross’ could never be an easy discipline, for each stage of learning brings us face to face with a demand which seems more impossible than the last. One of these lessons is repeated so insistently and frequently that we should become weary of it, did we not acknowledge in the depths of our heart that-we had never really learnt it; it is that which teaches us our uselessness. There are always a certain number of ardent souls who surrender themselves so fervently to the ‘Science of the Cross’ that their own uselessness is quickly made clear to them; they gladly give back their whole personality and their gifts to God, confident that he will use them in his good time and in his way; faced with the choice of ‘all or nothing’ they choose nothingness and receive all. Two such heroes of the spiritual life were Pere Jacques de Jésus, a French Carmelite, and Sister Teresa Benedicta of the Cross, a Carmelite from Eegina Pacis Carmel in Cologne, stories of whose martyrdom, movingly told by members of their communities, have now been published
Religious Life
Authors: Netherway Terence
Published: August 2024

Religious life is the genuine and wholehearted dedication of man to the love and service of God. In taking vows of religion there is implied a recognition and realisation of the infinitely great and good God, the fountain and source of all goodness, together with an appreciation of our Lord's love in dwelling among us and planning to have certain creatures associated with him for his own great ends and the vast needs of souls. Thus to dedicate our life to God in the following of Christ is not a decision man makes entirely of himself, no matter how much he may be enamoured with the ideal. ‘It was not you that chose me, it was I that chose you’ (Jn. 15, 16), our Lord told the apostles, thereby signifying that it is for God to choose whomsoever he will. Yet although the initial choice of invitation is from God, it is for us to accept, to acknowledge that call, that divine beckoning. When he has chosen us, we in turn must choose him and choose him alone, choose him to the exclusion of all else.
The Bride Of Christ: Being the Apostolic Constitution
Authors: Pius
Published: August 2024

The Church, the Bride of Christ, from the very beginnings of its history has by repeated acts and indications shewn its sense of esteem and tender, maternal love for those virgins who are dedicated to God: and this regard has been plainly confirmed in documents. Small wonder, since Christian virgins, ‘the more illustrious part of Christ's flock', stimulated by charity and spurning all alien worldly cares, have overcome the easy and danger-fraught division of the heart, and have vowed themselves wholly to Christ as to the Bridegroom of souls, and Permanently enlisted their entire lives, decked as they are with the Jewels of all the Christian virtues, under the banner of Christ our Lord and the Church.
'Provida Mater Ecclesia'
Authors: PP Pius
Published: August 2024

Just two years ago His Holiness, Pope Pius XII, issued the Apostolic Constitution which established canonically those groups of laity who had banded themselves together for the same purposes as those in religious Orders but without the external structure of religious life. This recognition of Lay or, as they are more commonly known, Secular Institutes is of considerable importance both for these groups of laity themselves and for the whole Church in keeping her contemporary, abreast of the times and adapting her apostolic mission to the changing conditions of modern life. Eeaders of LIFE OF THE SPIRIT have shown great interest in this document on this account and have Hi particular wanted to know the principles upon which this new form °f dedicated life rests. Many have evidently hoped that these principles would enable the whole gamut of religious life, both contemplative and active, to be reproduced under essentially lay conditions.
Three Shewings Of God's Love
Authors: Farrell Ambrose
Published: August 2024

The opening words of the Catholic Catechism give a very simple answer to the enquiry concerning the origin and purpose of man. ‘Who made you? God made me. Here we are immediately confronted with the problem of our own origin, since as soon as our minds awaken from the slumbers of unconsciousness, we become supremely aware that we are alive, and seek for an explanation. The question then arises, ‘Why are you alive?’ And the correct answer must be, ‘Because God loves me'. God's love is creative and the cause of things. But it may be asked, ‘Why does God love you?’ The answer to this query is found in the fact that God is what he is. He is infinite goodness, and wills to communicate himself to others. St Thomas has said, ‘to love anything is nothing else than to will good to that thing'. (I, 20, 2.) It was by an act of love that ‘God made me out of nothing by his word'. Moreover not only does God create, but he preserves in being whatsoever he has made; ‘In him we live, and move, and are', says St Paul (Acts. 17, 28).
The Worship Of Love
Authors: Pepler Conrad
Published: August 2024

One of the more important aspects of the growth of the spiritual life is the way in which the higher stages, far from leaving the lower entirely behind, do in fact reproduce the earlier virtues and activities in a new milieu; a higher synthesis is reached. Thus it would be a mistake to imagine that merely because progress in grace means first the predominance of the moral virtues and then the theological, that therefore such virtues as religion, obedience and various forms of asceticism fade away in the wings as faith, hope and charity take the stage. There are some who consider that they have reached a degree of perfection where obedience hardly applies; love predominates so that they are free from the hindrance of the moral virtues, particularly from the inconvenience of having to do what with other men they are told. They feel themselves above the law.

But in fact these ascetic virtues are raised to a far more perfect and instinctive mode hy the grace of unitive prayer and the flowering of the gifts of the Holy Ghost.
For the Feast of Pentecost
Authors: Tauler John
Published: August 2024

Estote prudentes et viyilate in orationibus.

Be prudent therefore and watch in prayers.

(1 St Peter, 4.)

All over the world today Holy Church is celebrating the coming down of the Holy Ghost whom God sent visibly and with such glory to the apostles and chosen disciples. Of course it was necessary that those men, whose mission it was to be an example to the world and who were to lay down the way of perfection to all who should come after them, should themselves be enlightened and filled with the fervour of divine love, above all their contemporaries. It was only just that they should be consoled with a fuller grace of the Holy Spirit who had been deprived of all joy and altogether abandoned, left desolate within and without.
Superstition Versus Sacraments
Authors: Herring A. G.
Published: August 2024

To say that sacraments are magic may be no more than vulgar abuse but it may be a scientific attack. In this short article we will suppose it is the latter and try to deal with it accordingly, and it may be worth while to say at the start that most of the reasons why men are tempted to classify Sacraments as magical are due to their being considered as more or less separate and independent elements. Indeed the writer seems to remember a learned lecturer in the Angelico College at Rome some years ago speaking of the danger of treating the Sacraments nimis avulsa from the person of Christ. This is a most important aspect of sacramental theology which deserves an article to itself. Here we would take it simply as a starting point for opposing an attack on the sacraments which reveals a danger in the use of them.
The English Psalter
Authors: Rolle Richard
Published: August 2024

Great abundance of ghostly comfort and joy enters the hearts of those who reverently recite or sing the Psalms in their praising of Jesus Christ. The Psalms drop sweetness into men's souls, pour delight into their minds and enkindle their wills with the fire of love, making them hot and burning within and lovely and beautiful in the eyes of Christ. And those who persevere in their devotions he raises to the contemplative life and often indeed to the song and joy of heaven. The singing of Psalms puts the devil to flight, moves the angels to come to our assistance, banishes sin, pleases God, fosters perfection, puts away and destroys strife of spirit and makes peace between body and soul. It brings desire for heaven and contempt of earthly things.
A Medieval Book for Today
Authors: Cholmeley Katherine
Published: August 2024

During the 14th century, several books on the interior life were written in England. The most useful of these is, perhaps, the Scale of Perfection, composed by Water Hilton, a Canon of the Augustinian Priory of Thurgarton in Nottinghamshire.

It is as fresh in manner as though it had been written yesterday. We feel, while reading it, as though we were learning from some wise spiritual director of our own time. The style is easy, the sentences simple in construction. There is little that we may regard as archaic; the book is as applicable to any century as is the Imitation. The guidance along the road of the spiritual life is just that which we would hear today from an experienced confessor, or the skilled conductor of a Retreat. It is eminently practical Charity and humility are the two virtues on which men should build the structure of the contemplative life. The chief study and reading should be that of Holy Writ.
Religious Symbolism in the Byzantine Rite
Authors: Marinoff Irene
Published: August 2024

The Eastern Church has never ceased to share in that wonder expressed by St John in his First Epistle concerning the Word of Life, ‘Which we have heard, seen with our own eyes, contemplated, touched with our hands'. That man should handle the Divinity—that the Divinity should stoop and empty itself to the utter annihilation of the Cross, that a meeting between death and life, heaven and hell, creature and Creator should have been made possible within the limits of our human space and time—that the divine energies should have reached and penetrated human frailty—that all this is not a thing of the past but an ever-present reality—the only true reality of this transitory life—such is the intimate conviction expressed in all the liturgical texts of the Byzantine rite and lived by the faithful.

There is only one centre of life: the ceaselessly unfolding, ever present drama of the incarnation, life, death, resurrection and ascension of our Saviour Jesus Christ, which culminates in the revelation of the Blessed Trinity at Pentecost and the birth of the Church—that new creation within which the deification of man, or in other words his union with God, is made possible.
Quid Retribuam Domino?
Authors: O.P.
Published: August 2024

In an old number of ‘Punch', in those days a very anti- Catholic paper, there was a picture of a small child about five: ‘Gran'ma', she says, ‘please I want to be a nun'. ‘Good gracious, child, whatever has put such a dreadful idea into your head?’ ‘Well, you see, Gran'ma, I've found the world is very hollow; even my doll is stuffed with sawdust— so please, I should like to be a nun.’

This early Victorian idea of a nun has unfortunately not yet died out. To many, even now, she appears as a disappointed, not too happy creature, who has somehow lost her way in the world. Many, even good Catholics who are ready to admire the active Orders who teach and nurse (God bless them!) regard the life of an enclosed contemplative religious as ‘pure waste of life', and do not hesitate to say so. This attitude, we hope, is the result of ignorance rather than of malice. They do not know anything about it, still less do they understand. They do not understand the distinction between a career and a vocation.
Shallow Creep on the Laohushan Segment of the Haiyuan Fault, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau, Detected With Dense Near‐Field GPS Measurements
Authors: Zhang Keliang , Gan Weijun , Liang Shiming , Xiao Genru , Dai Chenglong , Liu Zheng , Zhang Ling
Published: August 2024

While shallow creep along the Haiyuan fault is a key element in estimating earthquake potential, both the creep rate and spatial distribution inferred from InSAR and repeating earthquakes are still controversial. In this study, we resolve two potentially separated creeping patches along the Laohushan fault (LHSF) based on dense near‐field GPS measurements of 39 stations. The largest creeping patch, which extends ∼20 km along‐strike and ∼9 km down‐dip with a slip rate of 4.2 mm/yr, spatially correlates with seismicity, especially repeating earthquakes. The locked segment is capable of producing an earthquake of Mw 7.3 ± 0.1, with moment rate of (1.08 ± 0.39) × 1017 N⋅m/yr, possibly following the cycle since the 1092 M8 event. The lack of GPS measurements in the near‐field makes it unclear whether the 8 km section between these two patches is slowly creeping below detection threshold or has relocked due to change in environmental condition.
Hygroscopic behavior and aerosol chemistry of atmospheric particles containing organic acids and inorganic salts
Authors: Tan Fang , Zhang Hongbin , Xia Kaihui , Jing Bo , Li Xiaohong , Tong Shengrui , Ge Maofa
Published: August 2024

Aerosol hygroscopic behavior plays a central role in determining climate effects and environmental influence of atmospheric particulates. Water-soluble organic acids (WSOAs) constitute a significant fraction of organic aerosols. These organic acids have a complex impact on aerosol hygroscopicity due to their physical and chemical interactions with atmospheric inorganic salts. The mixing of WSOAs with inorganic salts exerts a multiple influence on the hygroscopic growth and phase behaviors of aerosol particles, largely depending on the composition ratio, acid properties, particle size and interactions between particle components. The WSOAs play a critical role in determining water uptake characteristics of aerosol particles, especially in the low and moderate RH ranges. The previous studies reveal the occurrence of aerosol chemistry related to chloride/nitrate/ammonium depletions in aerosol droplets containing WSOAs and inorganic salts. The potential influence of WSOAs on the atmospheric recycling of HCl/HNO3/NH3 due to the chloride/nitrate/ammonium depletion may contribute to the atmospheric budget of reactive gases. A fundamental understanding for the hygroscopic behavior and aerosol chemistry of inorganic–WSOA systems is essential for the accurate parameterization of aerosol behaviors in atmospheric models. However, there is still lack of a comprehensive understanding of the hygroscopicity and related aerosol chemistry of internally mixed inorganic–WSOA systems. The present review comprehensively summarizes the impacts of WSOAs on hygroscopicity and phase changes of atmospherically relevant inorganic salts in aerosol particles especially under subsaturated conditions, and overviews the recent advances on aerosol chemistry related to the hygroscopic process for the internally mixed inorganic–WSOA aerosols.
Cell sorting based on pulse shapes from angle resolved detection of scattered light
Authors: Kage Daniel , Eirich Andrej , Heinrich Kerstin , Kirsch Jenny , Popien Jan , Wolf Alexander , Volkmann Konrad v. , Chang Hyun-Dong , Kaiser Toralf
Published: August 2024

Flow cytometry is a key technology for the analysis and sorting of cells or particles at high throughput. Conventional and current flow cytometry is primarily based on fluorescent stains to detect the cells of interest. However, such stains also have disadvantages, as their effect on cells must be carefully tested to avoid effects on the results of the experiments. Alternative approaches using imaging or other label-free techniques often require highly sophisticated setups, are commonly limited in resolution, and produce challenging amounts of data. Our technology exploits scattered light instead. The custom-built flow cytometry setup comprises a fiber array in forward scatter detection for angular resolution and captures the whole pulse shape with advanced signal processing. Thereby this setup enables cell analysis and sorting purely based on scattered light signals without the need for fluorescent labels. We demonstrate the feasibility of this cell sorting technology by sorting cell lines for their cell cycle stages based on scattered light. Furthermore, we demonstrate the ability to classify human peripheral blood T- and B-cell subsets.
A large-scale audit of dataset licensing and attribution in AI
Authors: Longpre Shayne , Mahari Robert , Chen Anthony , Obeng-Marnu Naana , Sileo Damien , Brannon William , Muennighoff Niklas , Khazam Nathan , Kabbara Jad , Perisetla Kartik , Wu Xinyi , Shippole Enrico , Bollacker Kurt , Wu Tongshuang , Villa Luis , Pentland Sandy , Hooker Sara
Published: August 2024

The race to train language models on vast, diverse and inconsistently documented datasets raises pressing legal and ethical concerns. To improve data transparency and understanding, we convene a multi-disciplinary effort between legal and machine learning experts to systematically audit and trace more than 1,800 text datasets. We develop tools and standards to trace the lineage of these datasets, including their source, creators, licences and subsequent use. Our landscape analysis highlights sharp divides in the composition and focus of data licenced for commercial use. Important categories including low-resource languages, creative tasks and new synthetic data all tend to be restrictively licenced. We observe frequent miscategorization of licences on popular dataset hosting sites, with licence omission rates of more than 70% and error rates of more than 50%. This highlights a crisis in misattribution and informed use of popular datasets driving many recent breakthroughs. Our analysis of data sources also explains the application of copyright law and fair use to finetuning data. As a contribution to continuing improvements in dataset transparency and responsible use, we release our audit, with an interactive user interface, the Data Provenance Explorer, to enable practitioners to trace and filter on data provenance for the most popular finetuning data collections: www.dataprovenance.org.
Experimental and computational aspects of molecular frustrated Lewis pairs for CO2 hydrogenation: en route for heterogeneous systems?
Authors: Riddhi Riddhi Kumari , Penas-Hidalgo Francesc , Chen Hongmei , Quadrelli Elsje Alessandra , Canivet Jérôme , Mellot-Draznieks Caroline , Solé-Daura Albert
Published: August 2024

This review provides an overview of FLP chemistry in the field of CO2 hydrogenation, whichcovers both experimental and computational aspects, while ranging from homogeneous catalysis to recent heterogenisation strategies in porous solids.
Modulating the guest binding ability within mixed-coordination geometry [Pd(μ-L)4RuCl2]2+ and [Pd(μ-L)4Pt]4+ cage architectures
Authors: Gearing Hayden B. , Söhnel Tilo , Young Paul , Lisboa Lynn , Wright L. James , Crowley James D. , Hartinger Christian G.
Published: August 2024

Heterobimetallic cages built from Pd and either octahedral Ru or square-planar Pt moieties and bridged by ligands with H bond-accepting or -donating properties are reported.
Electrochemical reduction of nitrate to hydroxylamine on gold electrode
Authors: Xie Yangshan , De Ras Michiel , Zhao Jiwu , Liu Tianxi , Lai Feili , Hofkens Johan , Roeffaers Maarten B. J.
Published: August 2024

A highly effective electrocatalyst of Au has been applied for the selective NO3− electroreduction to NH2OH through meticulous experimentation involving electrolyte composition, nitrate concentration, pH and applied potential.
Metal ion-driven formation of 2H-silolides and -germolides
Authors: Liu Chenghuan , Schmidtmann Marc , Müller Thomas
Published: August 2024

The rearrangement of anionic silole and germole derivatives to give the corresponding cyclic sila- and germavinyl anions is reported.
Advances in designing efficient electrocatalysts for nitrate reduction from a theoretical perspective
Authors: Qiao Man , Zhu Dongdong , Guo Chunxian
Published: August 2024

The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction to ammonia (eNO3−RR) is a potential way for harmonizing the nitrogen cycle. This feature article summarizes the recent advances in electrocatalyst design for the eNO3−RR from a theoretical perspective.
Phosphine selenides: versatile NMR probes for analyzing hydrogen OH⋯Se and halogen I⋯Se bonds
Authors: Zakharov Anton S. , Krutin Danil V. , Mosalyov Pavel O. , Tupikina Elena Yu. , Antonov Alexander S. , Tolstoy Peter M. , Mulloyarova Valeriya V.
Published: August 2024

Hydrogen and halogen bonding detection by δSe and coupling constant JPSe. Phosphine selenides as universal NMR probes in the study of non-covalent interactions.
Promising ferroelectric and piezoelectric response of Cr-doped ZnO nanofiller-incorporated PVDF flexible and laminated nanocomposite system
Authors: Chakraborty Tanmoy , Saha Suman , Mondal Dhananjoy , Dutta Subhojit , Mahapatra Abhik Sinha , Gupta Kishan , Maji Partha Sona , Das Sukhen , Sutradhar Soumyaditya
Published: August 2024

Cr3+-doped ZnO (CZ) nanoparticles are prepared using hydrothermal and co-precipitation techniques.
Understanding the role of carboxylic acid surfactants in the growth inhibition effect during area-selective atomic layer deposition: the case of ZnO growth on Cu and Cu2O
Authors: López-González L. E. , Ponce-Pérez R. , Tiznado H. , Guerrero-Sánchez J.
Published: August 2024

We report the adsorption of acetic acid (AA) as a model for carboxylic acid self-assembled monolayers on Cu and Cu2O (111) surfaces and the effect of diethyl zinc (DEZ) on its adsorption geometry on Cu2O using quantum chemical calculations.
Single cell glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assay using nanowell-in-microwell plates
Authors: Jang Deasung , Matthews Kerryn , Deng Pan , Berryman Samuel G. , Nian Cuilan , Duffy Simon P. , Lynn Francis C. , Ma Hongshen
Published: August 2024

We develop an assay to measure glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from single cells using nanowell-in-microwells. Our results reveal the heterogeneity of single cell function for both stem cell derived β cells and human islet cells.
Fexinidazole optimization: enhancing anti-leishmanial profile, metabolic stability and hERG safety
Authors: Surur Abdrrahman Shemsu , Chan Chin Fung , Bartz Frieda-Marie , Wong Iris L. K. , Nguyen Van T. D. , Schulig Lukas , Link Andreas , Chan Tak Hang , Chow Larry M. C. , Bednarski Patrick J.
Published: August 2024

Structure-guided optimization of fexinidazole led to analog (S)-51, a promising lead compound with superior activity, improved metabolic stability, and enhanced hERG safety
Design and synthesis of novel multi-target tetrabromophthalimides as CBS and Topo-II inhibitors and DNA intercalators
Authors: Abdel-Motaal Marwa , Aldakhili Dalal Ali , Farag Ayman B. , Elmaaty Ayman Abo , Sharaky Marwa , Mohamed Nadia A. , Shaaban Saad , Alzahrani Abdullah Yahya Abdullah , Al-Karmalawy Ahmed A.
Published: August 2024

Novel multi-target tetrabromophthalimides as CBS and Topo-II inhibitors and DNA intercalators.
Defective Fe/Co-MOF with abundant oxygen vacancies as an efficient oxidase mimic for colourimetric and sensitive determination of tetracycline
Authors: Yue Xiaoyue , Wu Chaoyun , Hao Chenxu , Bai Yanhong
Published: August 2024

A colourimetric sensor was established based on the bimetallic nanozyme D-Fe/Co-MOF. With the addition of TC, the colour of the detection system changed from blue to yellow. Based on this transformation, a colourimetric detection method for TC was proposed.
A macroscopic magneto-optical response resulting from local effects in ferronematic liquid crystals
Authors: Meng Xiangshen , Li Xiaowei , Li Jian , Lin Yueqiang , Liu Xiaodong , He Zhenghong
Published: August 2024

The dynamic rotational behavior of composite chains under a rotating magnetic field was observed. The birefringence and dichroism variations in FNLCs mainly stem from the magnetic response of the composite chains, indicating local effects.
A heuristic approach to energy efficient user association in ultra‐dense HetNets using intermittent scheduling strategies
Authors: Dobruna Jeta , Fazliu Zana L. , Maloku Hena , Volk Mojca
Published: August 2024

The ultra‐dense deployment of pico cells in 5G heterogeneous networks (HetNets) has raised serious concerns regarding interference and energy consumption. Both industry and academia are focusing on enhancing network energy efficiency (EE) while maintaining satisfactory quality of service (QoS) levels. However, finding an optimal solution to NEE is very challenging, especially in ultra‐dense HetNets. Here, a user association and power management algorithm is presented that follows a heuristic approach and aims to maximize EE while satisfying other network requirements. The proposed algorithm associates users based on criteria that consider the users’ EE and minimizes energy consumption by intermittently switching into sleep mode base stations with the highest impact on overall network EE. The performance of this solution is evaluated in a realistic multi‐cell two‐tier scenario considering both co‐tier and cross‐tier interference by comparing it with two other solutions: a heuristic approach based on standardized eICIC, and an optimization approach based on Lagrangian dual decomposition. The simulation results show that our solution outperforms benchmarking solutions in terms of EE, average user rate, and network throughput while minimizing energy consumption.
Taguchi‐based robust design for minimising torque ripple in 6‐slot/2‐pole modular high‐speed permanent magnet motor with manufacturing tolerances
Authors: Xiang Dong , Zhu Zi‐Qiang , Liang Dawei , Xu Fan , He Tianran
Published: August 2024

A Taguchi‐based robust design strategy is proposed to minimise the torque ripple of a 6‐slot/2‐pole modular high‐speed permanent magnet motor in mass production, accounting for manufacturing tolerances of split gap (Δg), misalignment (Δm), and offset angle (Δα). Firstly, the effects and interactions of manufacturing tolerances are calculated, indicating that Δg has the highest effect followed by Δm, positive Δg and negative Δm have a strengthening effect, and Δα has no effect, and subsequently, the worst‐case scenario of manufacturing tolerances with the highest torque ripple is obtained. Afterwards, tooth circumferential positions are optimised for minimising torque ripple without jeopardising average torque, considering the tradeoff between the cases without manufacturing tolerance and with the worst‐case scenario of manufacturing tolerances. As will be demonstrated, torque ripples are reduced significantly, that is, they are particularly reduced by 40% in the worst‐case scenario. Under hypothetical 100 sets manufacturing tolerances as Gauss distributions, the optimised machines have significantly reduced torque ripples (maximum and average reductions are 33% and 16%, respectively) with more concentrated distribution. The correctness of the methods is verified by experimental validation.
Realising efficient computation of individual frequencies for red-giant models
Authors: Larsen J. R. , Christensen-Dalsgaard J. , Lundkvist M. S. , Rørsted J. L. , Winther M. L. , Kjeldsen H.
Published: August 2024

Context. In order to improve the asteroseismic modelling efforts for red-giant stars, the numerical computation of theoretical individual oscillation modes for evolved red-giant models has to be made feasible.

Aims. We aim to derive a method for circumventing the computational cost of computing oscillation spectra for models of red-giant stars with an average large frequency separation Δν < 15 μHz, thereby allowing asteroseismic investigations of giants utilising individual frequencies.

Methods. The proposed truncated scanning method serves as a novel method detailing how the observable individual l = 0, 1, 2 frequencies of red giants may be computed on realistic timescales through so-called model truncation. By removing the innermost region of the stellar models, the g-mode influence on the oscillation spectra may be avoided. This then allows us to estimate the observable regions from the resulting pure p-mode oscillations. The appropriate observable frequency regions are subsequently scanned for the complete and non-truncated stellar model. The observable regions are determined by considering the limitations on observability from the internal mode coupling and damping, yielding consistent frequency spectra obtained at a much reduced computational cost.

Results. The truncated scanning method proves that the individual frequencies of red-giant models can be obtained for a wide range of applications and research. The computational efficiency is improved by a factor of 10 or better. This means that the inclusion of l = 1, 2 individual frequencies is now a possibility in future asteroseismic modelling efforts of red-giant stars. Further potential avenues for improvements of this method are outlined for future pursuits.
Obliquities of exoplanet host stars
Authors: Knudstrup E. , Albrecht S. H. , Winn J. N. , Gandolfi D. , Zanazzi J. J. , Persson C. M. , Fridlund M. , Marcussen M. L. , Chontos A. , Keniger M. A. F. , Eisner N. L. , Bieryla A. , Isaacson H. , Howard A. W. , Hirsch L. A. , Murgas F. , Narita N. , Palle E. , Kawai Y. , Baker D.
Published: August 2024

Measurements of the obliquities in exoplanet systems have revealed some remarkable architectures, some of which are very different from the Solar System. Nearly 200 obliquity measurements have been obtained through observations of the Rossiter–McLaughlin (RM) effect. Here, we report on observations of 19 planetary systems that led to 17 clear detections of the RM effect and 2 less secure detections. After adding the new measurements to the tally, we used the entire collection of RM measurements to investigate four issues that have arisen in the literature. i) Does the obliquity distribution show a peak at approximately 90°? We find tentative evidence that such a peak does exist when restricting attention to the sample of sub-Saturn planets and hot Jupiters orbiting F stars. ii) Are high obliquities associated with high eccentricities? We find the association to be weaker than previously reported, and that a stronger association exists between obliquity and orbital separation, possibly due to tidal obliquity damping at small separations. iii) How low are the lowest known obliquities? Among hot Jupiters around cool stars, we find the dispersion to be 1.4 ± 0.7°, smaller than the 6° obliquity of the Sun, which serves as additional evidence for tidal damping. iv) What are the obliquities of stars with compact and flat systems of multiple planets? We find that they generally have obliquities lower than 10°, with several remarkable exceptions possibly caused by wide-orbiting stellar or planetary companions.
Massive star cluster formation
Authors: Polak Brooke , Mac Low Mordecai-Mark , Klessen Ralf S. , Portegies Zwart Simon , Andersson Eric P. , Appel Sabrina M. , Cournoyer-Cloutier Claude , Glover Simon C. O. , McMillan Stephen L. W.
Published: August 2024

Two main mechanisms have classically been proposed for the formation of runaway stars. In the binary supernova scenario (BSS), a massive star in a binary explodes as a supernova, ejecting its companion. In the dynamical ejection scenario, a star is ejected during a strong dynamical encounter between multiple stars. We propose a third mechanism for the formation of runaway stars: the subcluster ejection scenario (SCES), where a subset of stars from an infalling subcluster is ejected out of the cluster via a tidal interaction with the contracting gravitational potential of the assembling cluster. We demonstrate the SCES in a star-by-star simulation of the formation of a young massive cluster from a 106 M⊙ gas cloud using the TORCH framework. This star cluster forms hierarchically through a sequence of subcluster mergers determined by the initial turbulent, spherical conditions of the gas. We find that these mergers drive the formation of runaway stars in our model. Late-forming subclusters fall into the central potential, where they are tidally disrupted, forming tidal tails of runaway stars that are distributed highly anisotropically. Runaways formed in the same SCES have similar ages, velocities, and ejection directions. Surveying observations, we identify several SCES candidate groups with anisotropic ejection directions. The SCES is capable of producing runaway binaries: two wide dynamical binaries in infalling subclusters were tightened through ejection. This allows for another velocity kick via subsequent via a subsequent BSS ejection. An SCES-BSS ejection is a possible avenue for the creation of hypervelocity stars unbound to the Galaxy. The SCES occurs when subcluster formation is resolved. We expect nonspherical initial gas distributions to increase the number of calculated runaway stars, bringing it closer to observed values. The observation of groups of runaway stars formed via the SCES can thus reveal the assembly history of their natal clusters.
Application of the NDVI and ARVI methods in measuring estimated productivity of oil palm plants using Landsat 8 Imagery at PT. Hindoli Cargill Indonesia
Authors: Hakim Luqmanul , Manijo  , Muliasari Ade Astri
Published: August 2024

The NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) method is one of the usually used vegetation index transformations in society. The NDVI value is used to evaluate the density and health conditions of oil palm plants. The ARVI (Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index) method is one of the vegetation index transformations that focuses on suppressing atmospheric influences. The ARVI method focuses on identifying the density level of vegetation despite atmospheric effects. The atmosphere plays a crucial role in vegetation data processing activities for oil palm plants. The issue addressed in this research is to compare and measure the accuracy of production estimation data generated using the NDVI and ARVI methods. The method we used in this research is to analyze Landsat-8 remote sensing data using ArcMap 10.4.1 software to produce various vegetation indices for which several tests. The final results that will be obtained in this research are production distribution data estimated using the NDVI index, ARVI index, and actual production in the field. Based on research using simple linear regression analysis, vegetation index value, the productivity obtained using the NDVI method is 2,122 tons/ha/month, and using the ARVI method is also 2,122 tons/ha/month. This corresponds to the actual field productivity value of 2,122 kg/ha/month.
Unlocking the potential of fermented turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) as a potential natural feed additive for poultry
Authors: Kasri Kasri , Radiati Lilik Eka , Adli Danung Nur , Sjofjan Osfar
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the fermentation process of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) using Lactobacillus casei and its impact on Total Plate Count (TPC), pH, and antibacterial activity. The research followed an experimental design, examining antibacterial activity across six treatments with four replications, analyzed through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). TPC and pH data were compared between non-fermented and fermented Turmeric, with 12 replications for each treatment, analyzed using T-Tests with IBM SPSS version 26 (IBM, New York, NY, USA) to identify significant differences (p<0.05). The research results showed a significant pH change to 3.95 and TPC analysis revealed an increase in bacteria count in fermented turmeric, with the bacterial growth curve peaking on day 3. Antibacterial analysis demonstrated fermentation time's impact on the inhibition zone, with increased inhibition observed against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Lactobacillus casei. In summary, fermentation alters curcuminoid and flavonoid content, TPC, pH, and the zone of inhibition, thereby enhancing the quality of turmeric fermentation.
Optimizing Land Suitability and Rehabilitation Techniques for Falcataria falcata, Durio zibethinus, and Callophyllum inophyllum in the Critical Land of Tenjolaya District, Bogor Regency, West Java
Authors: Muhammad Dimas Nur , Hartoyo Adisti Permatasari Putri , Mansur Irdika
Published: August 2024

Critical land is a significant problem for environmental sustainability. Rehabilitation of critical land can be conducted by optimizing land suitability, planting adaptive species, and rehabilitation techniques (fertilizers and planting techniques consist of direct planting and drone seeders). Drone seeders must be applied to access remote areas. This study aimed to analyze the land suitability for Falcataria falcata, Durio zibethinus, and Callophyllum inophyllum and the effect of fertilizers and planting techniques on their growth. The method used was a spatial analysis using remote sensing and an experimental design using a completely randomized block design with two factors (fertilizers and planting techniques). The result showed that suitable land analysis for F. falcata is S3-eh (38.40%), D. zibethinus is S3 (38.40%), and C. inophyllum is S (39.28%). The C treatment (no fertilizers + direct planting) resulted in the best germination percentage for F. falcata (42.86%), D. zibethinus (85.71%), and C. inophyllum (100%). The land condition is full of rocks; hence, the height at which the seeds are dropped causes damage to the fertilizers and seeds. The application of fertilizers and drone seeders can be a potential for rehabilitation in remote areas by considering the biophysical area and composition of seed-coating.
Exploring the varietal responses of maize to nitrogen fertilization and understanding growth dynamics
Authors: Paschal Castus , Lubis Iskandar , Suwarno Willy Bayuardi
Published: August 2024

Maize productivity, reliant on nitrogen availability, is crucial for the Indonesian economy. Previous research found organic fertilizers had minimal effects on the Local variety ‘Tambin’, widely used by smallscale farmers. This study explored varietal responses to nitrogen fertilization using a split-plot randomized complete design with four nitrogen rates (0, 46, 138, and 184 kg N ha−1) as main plots, and maize varieties (Hybrid ‘BISI-18’, Composite ‘Sukumaraga’, and Local ‘Tambin’) as sub-plots. Results showed significant effects of nitrogen rates and maize varieties on growth variables (plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves). The ‘Tambin’ variety performed best at 138 kg N ha−1, with higher plant heights, while Hybrid ‘BISI-18’ and Composite ‘Sukumaraga’ showed the greatest increases in height and stem diameter at 46 kg N ha−1.