bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Representing Web Applications As Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Chandrasekharuni Yogesh
Published: October 2024

Traditional methods for crawling and parsing web applications predominantly rely on extracting hyperlinks from initial pages and recursively following linked resources. This approach constructs a graph where nodes represent unstructured data from web pages, and edges signify transitions between them. However, these techniques are limited in capturing the dynamic and interactive behaviors inherent to modern web applications. In contrast, the proposed method models each node as a structured representation of the application’s current state, with edges reflecting user-initiated actions or transitions. This structured representation enables a more comprehensive and functional understanding of web applications, offering valuable insights for downstream tasks such as automated testing and behavior analysis.
Urban Resilience Amid Supply Chain Disruptions: A Causal and Cointegration-Based Risk Model for G-7 Cities Post-COVID-19
Authors: Wang Haibo , S.Sua Lutfu
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19-induced strain on global supply chains led to significant market imbalances and unprecedented inflation, particularly affecting urban economies. Containment policies and stimulus packages resulted in unpredictable demand shifts, challenging urban supply chain planning and resource distribution. These disruptions underscored the need for robust risk management models, especially in cities where economic activity and population density exacerbate supply chain vulnerabilities. This study develops a comprehensive risk model tailored for G-7 urban economies, analyzing the causal and cointegration relationships between key economic indicators. Using Granger causality tests and a factor-augmented vector autoregression (FAVAR) approach, the study examines complex time series and high-dimensional variables, focusing on urban-specific indicators such as the Composite Leading Indicator (CLI) and Business Confidence Indicator (BCI). Our results indicate strong causal relationships among these indicators, validating CLI as a reliable early predictor of urban economic trends. The findings confirm the viability of this urban supply chain risk management model, offering potential pathways for strengthening urban resilience and economic sustainability in the face of future disruptions. This approach positions the study within the context of urban science, emphasizing the impacts on cities and how urban economies can benefit from the developed risk model.
Influence of Copper Valence in CuOx/TiO2 Catalysts on the Selectivity of Carbon Dioxide Photocatalytic Reduction Products
Authors: Ni Sha , Wu Wenjing , Yang Zichao , Zhang Min , Yang Jianjun
Published: October 2024

The Cu cocatalyst supported on the surface of TiO2 photocatalysts has demonstrated unique activity and selectivity in photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The valence state of copper significantly influences the catalytic process; however, due to the inherent instability of copper's valence states, the precise role of different valence states in CO2 reduction remains inadequately understood. In this study, CuOx/TiO2 catalysts were synthesized using an in-situ growth reduction method, and we investigated the impact of various valence copper species on CO2 photocatalytic reduction. Our results indicate that Cu+ and Cu0 serve as primary active sites, with the selectivity for CH4 and CO products during CO2 photoreduction being closely related to their respective ratios on the catalyst surface. The adsorption and activation mechanisms of CO on both Cu+ and Cu0 surfaces are identified as critical factors determining product selectivity in photocatalytic processes. Furthermore, it is confirmed that Cu+ primarily facilitates CH4 production while Cu0 is responsible for generating CO. This study provides valuable insights into developing highly selective photocatalysts.
Application of Κ-Carrageenan for One-Pot Synthesis of Hybrids of Curcumin Natural with Iron and Copper: Stability Analysis and Application in Papilloscopy
Authors: Bueno Danielle Tapia , Leitzke Amanda Fonseca , da silva Juliana Porciúncula , Bonemann Daisa Hakbart , Sejanes Gabrielly Quartieri , da Rosa Bruno Nunes , Poletti Tais , Maron Guilherme Kurz , Lopes Bruno Vasconcellos , Goularte Matheus de Paula , Gatto Darci Alberto , Missio André Luiz , Carreno Neftali Lenin Villareal , de Pereira Claudio Martin Pereira
Published: October 2024

In this study, hybrid materials were synthesized incorporating curcumin, Cu²⁺ or Fe³⁺, and Kappa-carrageenan as a reducing agent to improve its stability, considering that curcumin has low thermal and solution stability, which limits its applications. Colorimetric analysis showed color changes in the hybrids, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy revealed band shifts in the hybrids, and infrared analysis indicated shifts in wavenumbers, suggesting changes in the vibrational state of curcumin after bonding with metal ions. These techniques confirmed the formation of the hybrid materials. Thermogravimetric and chromatographic analyses demonstrated greater thermal and solution stability for the hybrids compared to curcumin. Additionally, the hybrid composites effectively developed natural and sebaceous latent fingerprints with good clarity and contrast on glass surfaces. Both composites performed similarly to commercial gold powder. When applied to surfaces representative of forensic scenarios, the composites were versatile, revealing sufficient fingerprint details for human identification on both porous and non-porous surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy images showed greater clarity in sebaceous and natural fingerprints developed with the Fe composite compared to the Cu composite, due to minimal interaction of Fe with the glass surface.
Balancing Security and Efficiency: A Power Consumption Analysis of a Lightweight Block Cipher
Authors: Rana Muhammad , Mamun Quazi , Islam Rafiqul
Published: October 2024

This research paper presents a detailed analysis of a Lightweight Block Cipher’s power consumption and security features (LWBC), specifically designed for IoT applications. To accurately measure energy consumption during the execution of the LWBC algorithm, we utilised the Qoitech Otii Arc, a specialised tool for optimising energy usage. Our experimental setup involved using the Otii Arc as a power source for an Arduino NodeMCU V3, running the LWBC security algorithm. Our methodology focused on energy consumption analysis using the shunt resistor technique. Our findings reveal that the LWBC is highly efficient and provides an effective solution for energy-limited IoT devices. We also conducted a comparative analysis of the proposed cipher against established LWBCs, which demonstrated its superior performance in terms of energy consumption per bit. The proposed LWBC was evaluated based on various key dimensions such as power efficiency, key and block size, rounds, cipher architecture, gate area, ROM, latency, and throughput. The results of our analysis indicate that the proposed LWBC is a promising cryptographic solution for energy-conscious and resource-limited IoT applications.
A Conservative and Compact Finite Difference Scheme for the Sixth-Order Boussinesq Equation with the Surface Tension
Authors: Wang Xiaofeng , Dai Weizhong , Biswas Anjan
Published: October 2024

In this study, we propose a conservative and compact finite difference scheme designed to preserve both the mass change rate and energy for solving the sixth-order Boussinesq equation with the surface tension. Theoretical analysis confirms that the proposed scheme achieves second-order accuracy in temporal discretization and fourth-order accuracy in spatial discretization. The solvability, convergence, and stability of the difference scheme are rigorously established through the application of the discrete energy method. Additionally, a series of numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the effectiveness and reliability of the conservative scheme for long-time simulations.
Measuring the Vaccine Success Index: A Framework for Long-Term Economic Evaluation and Monitoring about the Case of Rotavirus Vaccination
Authors: Standaert Baudouin , Raes Marc , Ethgen Olivier , Benninghoff Bernd , Toumi Mondher
Published: October 2024

New vaccination programs need a method to measure success based on pre-defined outcomes evaluated over pre-specified time frames. Reimbursement of newly approved vaccines is often reliant on simulated projections that approximate real-world scenarios, due to limited long-term data availability. Adjustments to reimbursement prices are infrequent, barring instances of market competition-induced price erosion through tender processes. Consequently, comprehensive monitoring of the vaccine effect (VE) for an adequate duration to evaluate the success of vaccination programs remains rare. Such data are essential to inform expectations of vaccine effect and the timeline for measurable success of the investment. An example is provided here by the 15-year assessment of the rotavirus vaccination program in Belgium (RotaBIS study spanning 2005 to 2019 across 11 hospitals). The vaccination program started in late 2006 and yielded sub-optimal outcomes. Long-term VE surveillance data provided insights into infection dynamics, disease progression, and vaccine performance. The presented analysis introduces novel conceptual frameworks and methodologies. Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) evaluates the initial target vaccination population, considering the effectiveness of direct and indirect effects of the vaccine, compared with a historical group that is unvaccinated. Cost-impact analysis (CIA) covers a longer period and considers the whole vaccinated and unvaccinated population in which the vaccine has direct and indirect effects. The success index ratio of CIA over CEA outcomes evaluates the vaccination performance. Good performance has ≤ 1 index value combined with a low CEA. This measure is therefore a valuable aid for new vaccine introductions. It supports the establishment of robust monitoring protocols.
Real-World Evidence Evaluating Teclistamab in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Derman Benjamin , Tan Carlyn , Steinfield Ian , Wilson Florence R. , Lin Dee , Wu Bingcao , Fernandez Mariana , Fowler Jessica , Paner-Straseviciute Agne , Kim Nina , Doyle Margaret , Marsh Alexander , Cheadle Jessica , Keeping Sam , Liu Jane Jijun
Published: October 2024

Teclistamab (TEC) is the first B-cell maturation antigen-directed bispecific antibody approved by the European Medicines Agency and Food and Drug Administration for triple-class exposed relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). As TEC is increasingly being used in real-world (RW) settings, this study sought to gather existing RW evidence on effectiveness, safety, healthcare resource utilization, and clinical practices associated with TEC. A systematic literature review was performed to identify RW observational studies of adults with RRMM treated with TEC. Sixty-one records representing 41 unique studies were included; sample sizes ranged from 8 to 572 patients. Where reported, median follow-up ranged from 2.3 to 33.6 months and more than 65% of patients would have been ineligible for the pivotal trial of TEC (MajesTEC-1) in all but one study. Across populations with ≥50 patients, overall response rates ranged from 50 to 66% and cytokine release syndrome (CRS) rates ranged from 18 to 64%. Tocilizumab use for CRS management was reported in 14 studies, with two indicating lower CRS rates (13% and 26%) when used prophylactically. Survival and infection outcomes showed wide variability due to short follow-up in most studies. Overall, early RW effectiveness and safety outcomes of TEC were comparable to findings from MajesTEC-1.
Research on The Teaching Mode of ASEAN Chinese for Cross-Border E-Commerce Under The Concept of Chinese+
Authors: Yuan Li Xiao
Published: October 2024

Chinese for E-commerce is an emerging programme of cross-fertilization of language and skills under the concept of ‘Chinese+’. In recent years, some colleges and universities between China and ASEAN countries have carried out cooperation and exchanges on ‘Chinese for Cross-border E-commerce’, which has a huge potential for teaching and learning market demand. Based on the current trend of cooperation, this study finds that the current programme lacks micro teaching design research and has not formed a systematic curriculum system. Therefore, this study follows the principle of ‘practicability’, uses the research method of ‘demand orientation’, and proposes ‘drawing on the experimental teaching method’, ‘constructing Participation, Integration, Creation’ curriculum model, ’Developing a thematic unit teaching programme for e-commerce. ‘The idea suggests to develop a teaching content framework with the theme of e-commerce Chinese language and analyse and sort out its main implementation links. The teaching model fits the real demand of ‘cross-level e-commerce Chinese’ with strong practical applicability, and can provide useful references for micro teaching materials such as syllabus objectives, theme contents and design programmes of the course.
The Construction and Application of Smart Teaching Model for Speaking in International Chinese Language Education
Authors: Wenjing Chen , Xujing Chen
Published: October 2024

In the era of information technology transformation, education requires a digital transformation to meet the diverse learning needs of learners and to cultivate their digital competencies. International Chinese Smart Education is a crucial strategic initiative for advancing the digital transformation of education. There is an urgent need to develop effective teaching models to serve as a bridge between the theory of smart education and teaching practice. This study attempts to integrate the concepts of smart education with a Chinese oral language teaching model, leveraging educational technology to support both students' self-directed learning and teachers' instructional activities. A "three-stage, five-step" smart teaching model for oral language was constructed and applied in three rounds of practice. The survey indicates that this model significantly increased the speaking rate and total speaking time in oral classes. The effect of peer collaboration on learning was found to be nearly as effective as teacher-led instruction. There was a noticeable delay effect in the acquisition of written language and complex language structures, and learners' abilities to use interactive and discourse strategies were improved. However, the model also faced challenges in practice, such as increasing the burden on teachers for lesson preparation and widening the gap in skill levels among learners.
Marriage Customs of Chinese Uyghurs and Javanese People
Authors: Rasyid Hemas Mutia , Lestari Fitri Khairunisa , Fatiha Anisa Aulia
Published: October 2024

Marriage is a significant life event that concerns the development of lineage in the family and social stability. Around the world, there are many customs related to marriage. From ancient times until today, traditional wedding ceremonies are still considered significant events in a person's life. This happy event marks an important milestone in life; hence, almost all the time, the wedding ceremony is grand and solemn. This study aims to find the similarities between the wedding customs of the Uighur tribe in China and the Javanese people in Indonesia. The author uses a qualitative comparative method, namely comparing references from one source to other sources to get information that matches the author's needs. The result of this research is that the author found out that there are similarities in the traditional wedding processions of the Uyghur and Javanese tribes, including the proposal procession, engagement, sending engagement gifts, wedding ceremonies and going to the groom's house. The length of time for the traditional Uyghur and Javanese weddings is the same, which is two to three days. Then, the differences between traditional Javanese and Uighur weddings lie in wedding attire, religious traditions, music and dance.
共同希望语言学院2019届学生HSK5级阅读猜词应对策略调查分析
Authors: Hui Yi Wong , Lho Lysa
Published: October 2024

The HSK (Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi) is an important benchmark for assessing one's proficiency in Chinese among Chinese learners. As the exam levels increase, so does the number of vocabulary words required to be mastered. Learners are inevitably influenced to some extent by their own understanding of vocabulary when engaging in HSK reading comprehension. The author suggests that guessing strategies can help students mitigate this influence, providing an additional approach for dealing with unfamiliar words during comprehension. This study focuses on the 2019 graduates of the Hope Language Institute, using a combination of questionnaire surveys, tests, and interviews to collect data, followed by analysis using inductive methods. The aim of this research is to assist students in their reading comprehension while also raising awareness of the importance of employing and researching guessing strategies in reading. According to the survey results, the two most commonly used strategies by the 2019 graduates during reading are skimming and guessing strategies. Among the guessing strategies commonly used are morpheme-based guessing, context-based guessing, and character-based guessing. Additionally, common problems encountered by students in the guessing process include low recognition of semantic radicals, confusion over polysemous morphemes, and insufficient vocabulary.
Mensaje incluido en el último informe de la Defensoría de los Derechos Universitarios octubre 31- 2018
Authors: Orozco Víctor
Published: October 2024

Con este informe cierro un capítulo de mi vida universitaria. La fundación y construcción de la Defensoría de los Derechos Universitarios, significó un gran proyecto que finalmente se convirtió en un hecho y hoy, como ha sucedido en otras casas de estudio de México y de otros países, forma parte del paisaje de la nuestra. Estos organismos, la novedad ins- titucional en todas ellas, han mostrado su bondad y eficacia para proteger derechos vul- nerados, para conciliar en los conflictos, para proponer la mejora en los procedimientos, para dar garantías de seguridad jurídica, promover la instalación de una cultura de la lega- lidad; asimismo, políticas que favorezcan una mejor convivencia en las grandes entidades educativas y para establecer límites al poder de facto y de iure que ostentan los directivos universitarios.
Ko´xini ntana kuí /No tengo identidad
Authors: Vasquez Mariela
Published: October 2024

Poesía escrita en lengua mixteca y traducida al español; expresa el latente proceso de perdida de identidad en niños y jovenes mixtecos cuando dejen sus lugares de origen para asentarse en otros estados de la República.
Evaluación del Uso del Portafolio como Complemento a la Clase Magistral
Authors: Pablo-Lerchundi Iciar , Sanchez-Martin Laura , Garcia-Marco Sonia , Almendros Patricia
Published: October 2024

Este artículo presenta el estudio de la utilidad del portafolio como herramienta de evaluación en la asignatura obligatoria básica Química II en tres Grados diferentes de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, utilizando datos de 351 estudiantes. Se evaluó la eficacia de las actividades del portafolio en el seguimiento de la asignatura, en la motivación de los alumnos para asistir de forma activa en las clases y en la consecución de los diferentes objetivos y competencias asignadas a la asignatura. Los resultados muestran que esta herramienta complementaria a la clase magistral supuso resultados positivos respecto al rendimiento académico, aunque no ha sido una estrategia válida para reducir la alta tasa de abandono de esta asignatura.
Innovación didáctica en educación superior a través de un juego de cartas de conceptos sociológicos
Authors: Chales-Aoun Aileen
Published: October 2024

Este artículo corresponde a un trabajo inédito de la didáctica de la sociología. La deficiencia en la capacidad de aplicar contenidos aprendidos a la realidad social por parte de los y las estudiantes llevó a la necesidad de realizar secuencias didácticas basadas en metodologías activas y aprendizaje colaborativo, así también el desarrollo de un juego de cartas sobre identificación y aplicación de conceptos sociológicos clásicos y contemporáneos. Esto llevó a la mejora de los aprendizajes conceptuales, procedimentales y actitudinales de los y las estudiantes en un promedio de 16%. Así también, el juego de cartas fue evaluado de manera significativamente positiva, tanto cuantitativa como cualitativamente. Los y las estudiantes relevaron la experiencia como un aporte significativo para sus conocimientos, habilidades y valores que les servirán como herramientas en su futuro desempeño profesional como trabajadores del servicio social. Se comprueba la necesidad de innovar en docencia en educación superior, sobre todo en el área de la didáctica y las metodologías de enseñanza del profesorado universitario. Así también, genera un desafío para las instituciones de educación superior de repensar formaciones pedagógicas de los docentes y su capacidad de transposición didáctica del saber sabio en contenidos significativos para los profesionales del mañana.
Enhancing Asphaltene Adsorption and Dispersion in Crude Oil With Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes: Optimization via Response Surface Methodology Approach
Authors: Miloudi Mustapha , Hammadou née Mesdour Souad , Boufades Djamila , Adjou Zakaria , Harithi Mohamed A. , Hamidane Ayoub , Daha Abdelfettah , Hacini Messaoud
Published: October 2024

Carbon nanostructures like multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) offer promising solutions for addressing asphaltene-related challenges in the crude oil industry. Here, MWCNTs were synthesized via the pyrolysis process, and thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques including Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), transmission electron microscopy, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller technique, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Subsequently, these MWCNTs were utilized to adsorb asphaltenes from both toluene solutions and actual crude oil samples. XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and elemental composition analysis were used to analyze the asphaltenes, alongside examining asphaltene adsorption isotherms and kinetics under optimal conditions obtained from response surface methodology coupled with central composite design (RSM-CCD) approach. The developed model exhibited a high accuracy level in predicting the asphaltene adsorption capacity within the specified experimental parameters with R2 = 0.9938 and an adjusted R2 = 0.9859. The maximum capacity of asphaltene adsorption of 709.82 mg/g was obtained at the initial concentration of the asphaltene solution of 1000 mg/L, a contact time of 77.45  minutes, an MWCNT dosage of 0.287 g, and a stirring speed of 517.29 rev/min at 363°K. The asphaltene adsorption kinetics and isotherms toward MWCNTs were consistent with pseudosecond-order and Freundlich models, respectively, suggesting the predominance of a heterogeneous surface multilayer mechanism. Additionally, asphaltene dispersant tests (ADTs), viscometry, and microscopy analysis indicate that synthesized MWCNTs notably delayed the asphaltene aggregation in actual petroleum at an optimal concentration of 200 ppm, achieving a dispersion effectiveness of 70.97% according to ADT experiments. This is due to the large MWCNT surface and favorable interactions between nanoparticles and asphaltene components, leading to efficient control of deposition/aggregation of asphaltene in petroleum. The obtained results suggest that MWCNTs can serve as economically viable and environmentally sustainable asphaltene inhibitors and dispersants for oilfield operations, and their use can address the limitations associated with other nanoparticle types and mitigate issues caused by asphaltene precipitation and deposition.
Global huge grain production potential adapted to future climate change
Authors: Liu Xueqi , Liu Yansui , Chen Zongfeng
Published: October 2024

Climate warming and intensified extreme climate weathers have diverse influence on global food production over past decades. However, there is insufficient understanding of the adaptation in future climate change to fully release food production potential on the existing cultivated land. Here we separately simulated spatio-temporal evolution of per unit yield, potential yields and yield gaps for rice, maize, wheat and soybean under four future climate scenarios in the near-term, mid-term and long-term future. The potential yields of rice, maize, wheat and soybean will be significantly rising, and the yield gaps will separately reach 4.01×108 t, 3.41×108 t, 5.71×108 t, 1.11×108 t under the optimal scenario in the long-term future. We divided three types to differentiate future food production potential in different countries, including steady increased production type, fluctuation increased production type and overload production type, and global rice (77.45%), maize (67.46%), wheat (76.64%) and soybean (69.70%) growing countries will be mainly steady increased production type. We intergrate simulation results under differnt future climate scenarios and propose differentiated sustainable strategies for each food production potential type to ensure future global food security and enhance agricultural system resilience.
In-vitro efficacy of Er:YAG laser-activated irrigation versus photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) irrigation for smear layer removal: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study
Authors: Abaza Muhammad , Harhash Tarek
Published: October 2024

Purpose
to microscopically examine the effect of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers agitation techniques on smear layer removing-capacity of NaOCl intracanal at the apical, middle, and coronal regions of root canal walls.
Methods
Eighteen freshly extracted human single-canal anterior dentitions were chosen for this study. After the root canals mechanically prepared to size X4, 0.06 taper byrotary files of ProTaper Next® system, they were randomly categorized into three equal groups (6 teeth each); syringe/needle- and Er,:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser-activated groups. Lasers were operated at subablative level. For microscopic assessment, samples were longitudinally hemi-sectioned. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were utilized to statistically analyze the collected data.
Results
Laser-activated groups presented significant lower smear layer score values than that of syringe/needle activated group.
Conclusion
Erbium laser-activated irrigation technique has a favorable impact on agitation NaOCl root canal irrigant enhancing the cleaning procedure of root canal system.
Relationship between preoperative hypoalbuminemia combined with anemia and perioperative blood transfusion in total joint arthroplasty patients: A propensity score matching study
Authors: Li Ting , Xiong Xiaojuan , Xu Shenglian , Hu Peng , Yu Shuang , Mao Qingxiang
Published: October 2024

Background
To explore the relationship between hypoalbuminemia combined with anemia in total joint arthroplasty (TJA) patients.
Methods
A total of 2460 TJA patients were included, with 586 patients receiving blood transfusions. Propensity score matching (PSM) at a 1:4 ratio was conducted for the perioperative blood transfusion group and nontransfusion group using a caliper value of 0.1. After matching, binary logistic regression analyzed the data from both groups, calculating adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the correlation between preoperative anemia, low albumin levels, and blood transfusion during TJA. Additionally, linear regression analysis was conducted on preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) and albumin levels.
Results
After PSM, 2233 patients were enrolled, 546 patients in the transfusion group and 1687 patients in the nontransfusion group. After PSM, patients with preoperative anemia had a 3.45-fold higher risk of perioperative blood transfusion (95% CI 2.81–4.2, P < 0.001); those with preoperative hypoalbuminemia faced a 2.36-fold increased risk (95% CI 1.88–2.95, P < 0.001), while patients with preoperative hypoalbuminemia combined with anemia experienced a 4.11-fold higher risk (95% CI 3.15–5.36, P < 0.001). Preoperative hypoalbuminemia was correlated with a 3.77-fold increased incidence of preoperative anemia (95% CI (3.03–4.70), P < 0.001). Hemoglobin changes were moderately correlated with serum albumin concentrations, with a correlation coefficient of 40.6%. Hb (g/L) = 60.144 + albumin * 1.747.
Conclusion
We revealed that that the likelihood of perioperative blood transfusion significantly rises when preoperative anemia is accompanied by hypoalbuminemia in TJA patients. There was a strong association between preoperative anemia and preoperative hypoalbuminemia in TJA patients. Furthermore, a moderate correlation was observed between preoperative Hb levels and serum albumin levels in TJA patients.
Registry:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; Trial registration: ChiCRT2100054844
Pelvic Floor Muscle Dysfunction is associated with higher clinical symptoms but not bladder condition in Women with Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome
Authors: Yu Wan-Ru , Jhang Jia-Fong , Jiang Yuan-Hong , Kuo Hann-Chorng
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a heterogeneous multifactorial disease that is highly associated with somatic symptoms. Pelvic floor muscle pain (PFMP) is experienced by a certain percentage of women with IC/BPS. This study explored the relationship between PFMP, urinary biomarkers, and bladder condition in women with IC/BPS.
Method: This study prospectively enrolled IC/BPS patients, performing vaginal digital exams and Numerical rating scales (NRS) for PFMP severity. Demographics, IC symptom index (ICSI), IC problem index (ICPI), and Beck anxiety and depression inventory were assessed. The objective assessment items included computed tomography of the bladder, urodynamic parameters, maximum bladder capacity, glomerulation grade, urine inflammatory proteins, and oxidative stress biomarkers.
Result: Of 92 IC/BPS women, 85.8% PFMP exhibited significantly higher rates of dyspareunia (p = 0.005), greater comorbidity burden (p = 0.039), more pain-predominant phenotypes (p = 0.004), lack of sexual activity (p < 0.001), and elevated scores in IC symptom indices (ICSI, p = 0.003; ICPI, p < 0.001), along with increased levels of the urine biomarker MIP-1β. However, PFMP showed no significant correlation with bladder conditions.
Conclusion: PFMP was not directly associated with bladder conditions in women with IC/BPS; however, it significantly influenced the self-reported severity of IC symptoms. This finding underscores the importance of addressing PFMP in the comprehensive management of IC/BPS and highlights the necessity for synchronized multimodal treatments to effectively alleviate the overall symptom burden and perceived severity in patients with IC/BPS.
Predictive Modeling Study on the Critical Nitrogen Concentration and Nitrogen Accumulation in Cut Chrysanthemum Based on the Cumulative Photo-Thermal Effect
Authors: Liu Huahao , Wu Yin , Lu Jinshan , Gou Tingyu , Zhao Shuang , Chen Fadi , Chen Sumei , Fang Weimin , Guan Zhiyong
Published: October 2024

Background and aims
Critical nitrogen (N) concentration (Nc) and critical accumulation (Na) are essential for N status diagnosis and precise N fertilization in crops. However, efficient prediction models for Nc and Na in cut Chrysanthemum remains scarce, limiting precision N management.
Methods
Five experiments with varying N gradients were conducted from May 2021 to August 2022 using the ‘Nannong Xiaojinxing’ cultivar. We developed and validated dry matter prediction models with various growth and developmental driver variables, established Nc and Na models using dry matter as model driving variable, and created Nc and Na models using optimal driving variable identified from dry matter predictions.
Results
Among the dry matter prediction models for cut Chrysanthemum, the model incorporating cumulative photo-thermal effect (PTE) demonstrated superior accuracy and stability. We established the Nc and Na models using dry matter as the driving variable. When the above-ground dry matter was 1 g·plant− 1, the Nc and Na were 4.5295% and 45.30 mg·plant− 1, respectively. At the flower picking stage, the Na reached 236.50 mg·plant− 1. The PTE-driven Nc and Na prediction models demonstrated high accuracy, with R2 at 0.9687 and 1.0019, RMSEs at 0.2105% and 17.47 mg·plant− 1, and n-RMSEs at 7.31% and 12.72%, respectively.
Conclusions
These models can dynamically predict Nc and Na based on light and temperature factors, providing a scientific basis for efficient N diagnostics and precise N fertilizer management for cut chrysanthemum. Moreover, the methodology developed herein could be extrapolated to other crops, contributing to sustainable agriculture and mitigating excessive N fertilizer application.
Study on Working Mechanism and Control Method of New Magnetic Suspension Gripper
Authors: Zhu Li , Wu Xiaoguang
Published: October 2024

The mechanical torsion gripper has widely been used in existing gripper looms which have difficulties in weaving ultra-wide fabrics. The mechanical gripper system generates mechanical impact and friction, limits weft insertion speed, and consumes high energy. This paper introduces a novel high-speed ”frictionless transmission” magnetic method that directly drives gripper continuously through the width of fabric. The basic principle of the magnetic levitation gripper is presented and the dynamics of the gripper model, based on the system magnetic-mechanics analysis is analyzed. For numerical simulation, the revision method is used to solve the original system’s stable state, which includes information about the new magnetic suspension gripper, electronic coil array and controller. A lag-leading revision method is proposed to improve the weft insertion performance and deal with the adverse effects from hysteresis nonlinearity and external disturbance. Several experiments have been conducted to evaluate the tracking performance and contour accuracy of the proposed approach
BDNF augmentation reverses cranial radiation therapy-induced cognitive decline and neurodegenerative consequences
Authors: El-Khatib Sanad M. , Vadadia Arya R. , Le Anh C. D. , Ng Ding Quan , Baulch Janet E. , Du Mingyu , Tan Zhiqun , Xu Xiangmin , Chan Alexandre , Acharya Munjal M.
Published: October 2024

Cranial radiation therapy (RT) for brain cancers is often associated with the development of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction (RICD). RICD significantly impacts the quality of life for cancer survivors, highlighting an unmet medical need. Previous human studies revealed a marked reduction in plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) post-chronic chemotherapy, linking this decline to a substantial cognitive dysfunction among cancer survivors. Moreover, riluzole (RZ)-mediated increased BDNF in vivo in the chemotherapy-exposed mice reversed cognitive decline. RZ is an FDA-approved medication for ALS known to increase BDNF in vivo. In an effort to mitigate the detrimental effects of RT-induced BDNF decline in RICD, we tested the efficacy of RZ in a cranially irradiated (9 Gy) adult mouse model. Notably, RT-exposed mice exhibited significantly reduced hippocampal BDNF, accompanied by increased neuroinflammation, loss of neuronal plasticity-related immediate early gene product, cFos, and synaptic density. Spatial transcriptomic profiling comparing the RT+Veh with the RT+RZ group showed gene expression signatures of neuroprotection of hippocampal excitatory neurons post-RZ. RT-exposed mice performed poorly on learning and memory, and memory consolidation tasks. However, irradiated mice receiving RZ (13 mg/kg, drinking water) for 6-7 weeks showed a significant improvement in cognitive function compared to RT-exposed mice receiving vehicle. Dual-immunofluorescence staining, spatial transcriptomics, and biochemical assessment of RZ-treated irradiated brains demonstrated preservation of synaptic integrity and neuronal plasticity but not neurogenesis and reduced neuroinflammation concurrent with elevated BDNF levels and transcripts compared to vehicle-treated irradiated brains. In summary, oral administration of RZ represents a viable and translationally feasible neuroprotective approach against RICD.
Implementation Guidelines and Innovations in Quantum LSTM Networks
Authors: Zhou Yifan , Xu Chong Cheng , Song Mingi , Wong Yew Kee
Published: October 2024

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence has driven interest in Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for their effectiveness in processing sequential data. However, traditional LSTMs are limited by issues such as the vanishing gradient problem and high computational demands. Quantum computing offers a potential solution to these challenges, promising advancements in computational efficiency through the unique properties of qubits, such as superposition and entanglement. This paper presents a theoretical analysis and an implementation plan for a Quantum LSTM (qLSTM) model, which seeks to integrate quantum computing principles with traditional LSTM networks. While the proposed model aims to address the limitations of classical LSTMs, this study focuses primarily on the theoretical aspects and the implementation framework. The actual architecture and its practical effectiveness in enhancing sequential data processing remain to be developed and demonstrated in future work.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis Among Homeless People Living in Selected Towns in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Kenu Sisaynesh , Teklu Takele , Solomon Fithamlak , Alemu Getachew
Published: October 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is known to be a disease associated with underprivileged social conditions such as poverty, malnutrition, and overcrowding. Homeless individuals are at a higher risk of contracting TB due to factors such as drug and alcohol abuse, smoking, and hunger. Recognizing this risk, the World Health Organization recommends TB screening in these vulnerable populations. As a result, this study aims to evaluate the prevalence of TB and its associated factors among homeless people living in Wolaita Zone Towns.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 352 homeless individuals with presumed TB from May 1 to July 30, 2023. Data was collected using pre-tested structured questionnaires. The symptom was assessed using WHO guidelines. Sputum samples were screened for TB using GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay technique, with confirmation via the Lowenstein-Jensen(LJ) culture method. The data was analyzed using statistical software packages (SPSS) version 26. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with TB and a P-value of less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant.
Results: The prevalence of bacteriological confirmed TB among homeless individuals was 7.7% [95% CI: 4.8– 10.5] and RR-TB was not detected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking cigarettes[AOR =7.673, 95% CI: 1.622,36.303], smoking benzene[AOR =8.348, 95% CI: 2.061,33.813], chewing tobacco [AOR =4.138, 95% CI: 1.249,13.709], duration of being homeless[AOR =6.749, 95% CI: 1.914, 23.797], taking any medication currently [AOR =4.686, 95% CI:1.216,18.064], BMI [AOR =5.328, 95% CI: 1.663,17.070] and having HIV infection [AOR =5.234, 95% CI: 1.558, 17.585] were significantly associated with the prevalence of PTB in homeless peoples.
Conclusions: This study indicates a higher prevalence of PTB in homeless individuals compared to the general population. It is strongly recommended to implement targeted TB preventive and control measures and actively monitor for the diseases within those vulnerable population.
Mechanism of Glycine-Based Inhibitors for Natural Gas Hydrate Formation
Authors: Li Zongkun
Published: October 2024

Variations in temperature and pressure during extraction can lead to the secondary formation of natural gas hydrates, resulting in wellbore and pipeline blockages. Glycine, known for its strong hydrophilicity and biodegradability, shows significant potential in preventing natural gas hydrate formation; however, the mechanisms underlying its combined use with hydrate inhibitors remain unclear. This study conducted simulated experiments on the formation of natural gas hydrates using glycine in combination with salt-based and alcohol-based hydrate inhibitors. The synergistic inhibition mechanisms were analyzed, and a glycine-based drilling fluid system suitable for marine drilling was developed. The results indicate the following: (1) The amount of natural gas consumed does not accurately reflect the effectiveness of hydrate inhibitors, requiring a comprehensive assessment that includes the final hydrate formation amount and the time-dependent changes during the formation process; (2) A glycine concentration of 1.0% is optimal for inhibiting hydrate formation, resulting in the smallest hydrate formation region and the largest stability region; (3) The combination of 5.0% salt-based inhibitors with 1.0% glycine synergistically inhibits hydrate formation, reducing the hydrate formation amount by 20%–30%, while the combination of 5.0% alcohol-based inhibitors with glycine promotes hydrate formation; (4) A drilling fluid system formed by mixing glycine with salt-based inhibitors effectively reduces hydrate formation. This study elucidates the synergistic inhibition mechanism of glycine with thermodynamic inhibitors, providing experimental data and theoretical support for addressing wellbore blockage and ensuring drilling safety in marine extraction operations.
Heterometallic Ru-Ir hydride carbonyl clusters
Authors: Forti Francesca , Cesari Cristiana , Bortoluzzi Marco , Femoni Cristina , Funaioli Tiziana , Iapalucci Maria Carmela , Zacchini Stefano
Published: October 2024

[NEt4][HRu3(CO)11] (1) reacts with [Ir(COD)Cl]2 in a 1 : 0.5 molar ratio under H2 atmosphere affording the previously reported [NEt4][H2Ru3Ir(CO)12] (2). Performing the reaction under N2 atmosphere with a 1 : 1 molar ratio of the reagents results in the new species [NEt4][H1–xRu3–xIr2+x(CO)12(COD)] (x = 0.11) (3), whereas H2 − xRu3 − xIr2 + x(CO)10(COD)2 (x = 0.5 and 0.77) (4) is obtained by further increasing the amount of [Ir(COD)Cl]2. In particular, compound 4 with x = 0.5 has been obtained with a 1 : 1.25 molar ratio of the reagents, whereas 4 with x = 0.77 is formed increasing the stoichiometry to 1 : 1.5. Reaction of 1 and [Ir(COD)Cl]2 under CO atmosphere affords [NEt4]2[Ru4Ir2(CO)17] (5) (molar ratio of the reagents 1 : 0.7). Syntheses of 2–5 are very sensitive to the experimental conditions, and optimized procedures in order to obtain each of these compounds in good yield and high purity have been identified. Slight variations of the experimental conditions lead to lower yield and traces of side-products are formed, among which [NEt4][H2Ru3Ir(CO)10(COD)] (6), [NEt4][HRu3IrCl(CO)12] (7), [NEt4]3[HRu2Ir2(CO)12]Cl2 (8) and [NEt4]2[Ru4(O)Cl4(CO)10] (9) have been identified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD). All the main products 2–5 have been structurally characterized by SC-XRD and further investigated by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy in solution. Hydride locations have been elucidated by computational methods.
Cesarean delivery on maternal request: the birth companions perspective
Authors: Muhandule Célia J. L. Sitoe , Benetti Cristine M. S. , Fogulin Laura B. , Bento Silvana F. , Amaral Eliana
Published: October 2024

Background
Many personal and cultural factors, including the perception of family members and close friends, influence women´s attitudes towards their mode of delivery choice. This study aimed to explore the experiences, perceptions, attitudes, and birth companion’s beliefs of women who underwent a C-section under request (CDMR).
Methods
This qualitative study used in-depth, semi-structured individual face-to-face interviews, submitted to thematic analysis, under a phenomenological research framework. Participants: Birth companions who were present in the delivery room during the birth or immediately after birth (partner, mother, sister, mother-in-law or friend) were interviewed at a public university hospital in Brazil.
Results
Men preferred vaginal birth and women had a favorable attitude towards cesarean birth, but everyone considered vaginal birth the ideal mode of delivery. Male partners emphasized that they had limitations in advising women about C-sections, as they had never experienced childbirth, and assumed that their role was limited to supporting the women's decision. On the other hand, the female birth companions invoked memories of a birth experience that was positive for C-section or negative for vaginal delivery to support the woman´s choice. Even if cesarean delivery was perceived as involving greater maternal risks than vaginal birth, birth companions justified these risks by the need to 'guarantee' the woman's right to choose.
Conclusions
There is a different attitude towards the mode of delivery between men and women accompanying a parturient who opt for CDMR. Respect for women's decision on mode of delivery is a disseminated concept among birth companions in this environment.
Complete chloroplast genome of a Peruvian landrace of Cucurbita moschata, loche, and its comparative analysis with other relative species
Authors: Saldaña Carla L. , Estrada Richard , Suca Esther , Cruz Camila , Vilcara Edgardo , Arbizu Carlos I.
Published: October 2024

Background Loche (Cucurbita moschata) is a pre-Columbian squash that is cultivated exclusively in the northern coast of Peru, Lambayeque. This crop is notable for the presence of warts in its skin and for its vegetative reproduction as it commonly lacks of seeds in fruits. Currently, loche may be considered a new product for international markets, recognizing the gastronomy of Lambayeque in the world and dynamizing the Peruvian agro-export area. However, genomic information about this squash is very limited.
Results In this study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of loche from Lambayeque was sequenced and annotated. Clean reads were obtained by PE 150 library and the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of C. moschata has a 157,592 bp in length with typical quadripartite structure, containing a large single copy (LSC) region (88,192 bp) and 18,181 bp small single-copy (SSC) region, separated by two inverted repeat (IR) regions (25,613 bp). The annotation of C. moschata cp genome predicted 81 protein-coding genes (CDS), 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 38 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and 01 pseudogen. A total of 59 simple sequence repeats (SSR) of this cp genome were divided into mononucleotide (43), dinucleotide (7), trinucleotide (2), tetranucleotide (6), and hexanucleotide (1). The highest percentage of identity was observed for C. moschata and C. maxima (0.99) while the lowest for C. moschata and Cucumis sativus (0.68). Cucurbita pepo is the closest relative to loche.
Conclusions The cp genome of loche is similar to other cucurbit species and possesses 127 genes in total. Moreover, a total of 59 SSR were identified in this cp genome. A higher percentage of identity is evidenced between C. moschata and C. maxima whereas higher divergence values with Cucumis sativus. This study reports for the first time the genome organization, gene content, and structural features of the chloroplast genome of a Peruvian squash landrace, that is commonly cultivated in a restricted area in northern Peru, providing valuable information for genetic and evolutionary studies in the genus Cucurbita.