bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental mastitis caused by lactation infections: control
Authors: Breen James
Published: March 2016

The control of new intra-mammary infections in dairy herds requires a herd diagnosis using available data, particularly clinical mastitis cases and individual cow somatic cell counts, backed up with bacteriology. For herds with predominantly environmental infection patterns of mainly lactating period origin, key items for prevention and control include ventilation, provision of additional space, bedding management for lactating cows, management of pasture for risk periods when grazing and pre-milking teat disinfection. The impact of several changes to management can be tracked using the lactation new infection rate and lactation origin rate, based on cell count and clinical cases respectively.
Growing great heifers — where it goes wrong and how to get it right
Authors: Bazeley Kat
Published: March 2016

The growth rate of dairy heifers determines not only their rearing cost, but also their performance once they join the adult herd. It is therefore essential to ensure that heifers achieve targets throughout the rearing period, particularly doubling birth weight by weaning and achieving 55–60% mature weight at 13–14 months, ready for service. Growth rate should be monitored by weighing or by measuring withers or hip height. Heifers should not get over fat at any stage. Data collected at Synergy Farm Health has shown that the commonest problems with poor growth are: a poor start (particularly inadequate colostrum intake), low intake of milk, growth check after weaning, reduced weight gain of grazing heifers after mid summer, and uneven size at 13–14 months, target time for first service. The causes and potential solutions to these problems are discussed. Although most problems are seen with under performance and inadequate growth, very high growth rates may also be associated with reduced performance.
Analysis on math success of secondary school students playing and not playing chess (Sakarya province sample)
Authors: Işıkgöz Enes
Published: March 2016

The aim of this research is to analyze the contribution of the secondary level chess in the success of math lesson by comparing end-year math scores of the secondary school students playing and not playing chess. The research is a relational screening model and the research data are composed of end-year math scores in promotion sheets of the students. Thereby, the research group is composed of totally 274 students - 200 males and 74 females - studying at 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades in 5 secondary schools selected from the central districts of the city of Sakarya at the end of 2014-2015 school years. SPSS 22.0 statistical software package was used and the significance level was taken as p< 0.05. The obtained data was handled within the scope of descriptive and inferential statistics, and t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used. A significant difference was found out between the end-year math scores of the students playing and not playing chess in favor of the playing ones. No significant difference was found between the end-year math scores of the students playing chess in relation to their genders and grades.
ZONA PERI-URBAN SEMARANG METROPOLITAN: PERKEMBANGAN DAN TIPOLOGI SOSIAL EKONOMI
Authors: Rudiarto Iwan , Handayani Wiwandari , Pigawati Bitta , Pangi P
Published: March 2016

<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Amasis MT','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-AU">Peri-urban can be understood as an area mostly rural located in the surrounding urban center which also has obvious urban character. This paper aims to assess the socio-economic development of Peri-Urban Areas (PUA) of the Metropolitan Semarang in 1990-2011. Study area covers 295 villages that are included in the delineation of the Metropolitan area of Semarang. They are distributed in four cities/districts, i.e.: Semarang city, Semarang regency, Kendal regency, and Demak regency. Satellite imaginary analysis and Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis including overlay analysis, buffer and distance analysis, and descriptive spatial analysis were applied for the analysis. The analysis results show that the PUA of metropolitan Semarang has undergone changes and shifts in socio-economic conditions of rural significant to urban areas. In conclusion, the existence of PUA has led to the blurring of the distinction between rural and urban areas which are not simply dichotomized. Integrated development policies are very essential for more balanced urban development in Semarang Metropolitan region.  
MODEL KONSEPTUAL ADAPTASI RUANG KAMPUNG KOTA SEBAGAI AKIBAT KEBERADAAN SEKTOR PERDAGANGAN FORMAL (KAMPUNG SEKAYU KOTA SEMARANG)
Authors: Purnamasari Wulan Dwi
Published: March 2016

<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Amasis MT','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-AU">The Growing up of Informal Sector is slowly affected space use and the morphological forms Kampung Sekayu, views of the circulation or movement changes and changes in space for. The model changes of Kampung Sekayu shown in matrix form, diagrams, and mapping by using symbols was adapted from Zahnd theory (2008) which were previously done  uantitative analysis to know the category changes.Based on the theory of Lazarus (1984) about the adjustment, the results of this study shows that the activities of people in Kampung Sekayu is an adaptation because people trying to be part of the formal trade sector that grows rapidly. Each activity requires space as a container. In this case, the changes is happening in Kampung Sekayu is a form of adjustment due to some space available (such as public space) is intended to support the work done by street vendors and parking attendants.
The Journey Metaphor in Mediatized Political Discourse
Authors: Dávid Gyula , Furkó Bálint Péter
Published: March 2016

The present paper will analyse manifestations of the journey metaphor from a critical discourse analytical perspective in order to observe how the journey metaphor is used as a discourse strategy in mediatized political speeches and interviews whereby political actors manipulate the second-frame interactional participants (the audience) into sharing a (spurious) sense of solidarity with them. There are three hypotheses that will be tested in the course of the analysis: the first is that a wide-variety of realjourney elements are exploited for the political metaphor of journey, and there is a concrete correspondence between journey vehicles and political scenarios. The second hypothesis is that journey metaphors that are used in political speeches, celebrity interviews and confrontational political interviews are of different types and complexity. The third hypothesis is that the manipulative intent behind the use of metaphors is exposed in the latter types of mediatized political discourse to varying degrees as a result of the different degrees of pragmatic accountability adhered to in the two subgenres. We argue that the first two hypotheses are confirmed on the basis of the qualitative analysis presented in the paper, whereas the third hypothesis is not borne out by the data.
Dilemmas of Cultural Mediation: A Case Study of Tourism
Authors: Ajtony Zsuzsanna
Published: March 2016

Travelling implies the encounter and, in certain cases, the clash of cultures. By interpreting translation as a means of transfer between languages and cultures, the present study looks into the different views on translating culture-specific realia. Through a close analysis of texts with the purpose of informing foreign tourists it offers ways of how to carry out this mediation. The study calls for further research into closely related issues, such as the translator’s cultural awareness of and sensitivity to similarity and difference, identity and alterity in culture.
Unpacking the geography of tourism innovation in Western Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Booyens Irma , Rogerson Christian M.
Published: March 2016

This paper interrogates the geography of tourism innovation in the Western Cape, South Africa. In particular, innovations by tourism firms are mapped and local tourism innovation networks are analysed. Networking behaviour is examined since it is regarded as indispensable for accessing knowledge and learning for innovation purposes. The analysis draws on a broader investigation of tourism innovation and networking within the Western Cape province. It is revealed that the main tourist regions in the Western Cape are also the most innovative. Whilst external networking relations are observed to be highly significant for tourism innovation, local embeddedness remains critical for stimulating path creation and exploiting local core competencies for the competitiveness and survival of tourism firms and destinations.
Differentiation of reproductive behaviour of the population of the Kraków Metropolitan Area in the light of survey research
Authors: Gałka Jadwiga , Kurek Sławomir , Wójtowicz Mirosław
Published: March 2016

Metropolitan areas are the poles of economic growth of regions and countries. These areas are characterized by specific development cycles, which are related to the direction of population migrations. Accordingly, there is a phase of urbanisation, suburbanisation, disurbanisation and re-urbanisation. Studies show that most Polish metropolitan areas are undergoing the process of suburbanisation, which means the movement of population from the central city to its suburban area. This process entails a number of demographic, social and economic consequences. One of the main demographic consequences of suburbanisation is the change in the structure of the central city and its suburban area. The reason for this is the fact that migrations from the centre are usually undertaken by young people. Thus, the number of inhabitants of the central city declines and the population is ageing. Migrants from the city bring new patterns of social and demographic behaviour, which may be shown in, among others, the tendencies of indigenous people to change the traditional family model.

This paper attempts to determine the reproductive behaviour patterns of the population of the Krakow Metropolitan Area (KMA) in the light of the survey. The surveys were conducted in selected KMA municipalities in 2013. The analysis of qualitative data, divided into two categories of respondents: immigrant and indigenous inhabitants, will give an answer to the question, what are the reproductive attitudes of the population and how they may affect the further development of these areas?
Analysis of the Variability of Epstein-Barr Virus Genes in Infectious Mononucleosis: Investigation of the Potential Correlation with Biochemical Parameters of Hepatic Involvement
Authors: Banko Ana , Lazarevic Ivana , Stevanovic Goran , Cirkovic Andja , Karalic Danijela , Cupic Maja , Banko Bojan , Milovanovic Jovica , Jovanovic Tanja
Published: March 2016

Background: Primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is usually asymptomatic, although at times it results in the benign lymphoproliferative disease, infectious mononucleosis (IM), during which almost half of patients develop hepatitis. The aims of the present study are to evaluate polymorphisms of EBV genes circulating in IM isolates from this geographic region and to investigate the correlation of viral sequence patterns with the available IM biochemical parameters.

Methods: The study included plasma samples from 128 IM patients. The genes EBNA2, LMP1, and EBNA1 were amplified using nested-PCR. EBNA2 genotyping was performed by visualization of PCR products using gel electrophoresis. Investigation of LMP1 and EBNA1 included sequence, phylogenetic, and statistical analyses.

Results: The presence of EBV DNA in plasma samples showed correlation with patients’ necessity for hospitalization (p=0.034). The majority of EBV isolates was genotype 1. LMP1 variability showed 4 known variants, and two new deletions (27-bp and 147-bp). Of the 3 analyzed attributes of LMP1 isolates, the number of 33-bp repeats less than the reference 4.5 was the only one that absolutely correlated with the elevated levels of transaminases. EBNA1 variability was presented by prototype subtypes. A particular combination of EBNA2, LMP1, and EBNA1 polymorphisms, deleted LMP1/P-thr and non-deleted LMP1/P-ala, as well as genotype 1/ 4.5 33-bp LMP1 repeats or genotype 2/ 4.5 33-bp LMP1 repeats showed correlation with elevated AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine transaminase).

Conclusions: This is the first study which identified the association between EBV variability and biochemical parameters in IM patients. These results showed a possibility for the identification of hepatic related diagnostic EBV markers.
Relationship between Cardiovascular Risk Score and Traditional and Nontraditional Cardiometabolic Parameters in Obese Adolescent Girls
Authors: Klisic Aleksandra , Kavaric Nebojsa , Soldatovic Ivan , Bjelakovic Bojko , Kotur-Stevuljevic Jelena
Published: March 2016

Background: Since the cardiovascular (CV) risk score in the young population, children and adolescents, is underestimated, especially in developing countries such as Montenegro, where a strong interaction exists between the genetically conditioned CV risk and environmental factors, the purpose of this study was to estimate CV risk in apparently healthy adolescent girls. Moreover, we aimed to test some new, emerging CV risk factors and their interaction with the traditional ones, such as obesity. Precisely, we aimed to assess the impact of low bilirubin levels, as a routine biochemical parameter, as an additional risk factor for atherosclerotic disease in the adult phase.

Methods: Forty-five obese adolescent girls (mean age 17.8±1.22 years) and forty-five age-and sex-matched normal weight controls, all nonsmokers, were included. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured. Cardiovascular Risk Score (CVRS) was calculated by adding the points for each risk factor (e.g. sex, HDL-c, non-HDLc, blood pressure and fasting glycemia).

Results: A significant positive relationship between CVRS and ALT, hsCRP and TG/HDL-c, but an opposite relationship between CVRS and total bilirubin were found (P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that higher waist circumference (WC) and LDL-c, but lower HDL-c were independent predictors of lower bilirubin values (adjusted R2=0.603, P<0.001).

Conclusions: Obese adolescent girls are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease late in life. In addition to the traditional risk factors, total bilirubin may have the potential to discriminate between low and higher risk for cardiovascular disturbances in healthy adolescent girls.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors In 7–13 Years Old Children From Vojvodina (Serbia)
Authors: Dželajlija Darko D. , Spasić Slavica S. , Kotur-Stevuljevic Jelena M. , Bogavac-Stanojevic Nataša B.
Published: March 2016

Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease which starts early in life and depends on many factors, an important one being dyslipoproteinemia. According to several studies, atherosclerotic plaques or their precursors could be seen in children younger than 10 years. During later life, interaction with a sedentary way of life, as well as unhealthy nutrition, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity and family history of cardiovascular disease cause the burden of atherosclerotic disease.

Methods: Study included 624 children (316 boys, 308 girls), aged from 7-13 years. We analysed socio-demographic data (BMI, blood pressure, cardiovascular family history, smoking status), as well as lipid status with lipoprotein little a-Lp(a), and apolipoproteins: Apo AI, Apo B-100 for all children. This enabled us to calculate new atherogenic indices Tg/HDL-c, lipid tetrad index (LTI) and lipid pentad index (LPI). Cardiovascular risk for later life was estimated by using modified Risk Score for Young Individuals (RS), which divided the subjects according to the score level: low, medium and higher risk.

Results: The older children (13 y) had better lipid status than the younger children, i.e. significantly lower total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides and non-HDL-C concentration and significantly higher HDL-C concentration than the younger children and this was in accordance with the RS level. Children with a positive family history of CV disease had significantly higher Lp(a) concentration and blood pressure. LPI was significantly higher in children with a higher RS.

Conclusions: The results of our work could be used for cardiovascular risk assessment in apparently healthy children to provide preventive measures which could control the change able risk factors.
A Note on the Effect of Data Clustering on the Multiple-Imputation Variance Estimator: A Theoretical Addendum to the Lewis et al. article in JOS 2014
Authors: He Yulei , Shimizu Iris , Schappert Susan , Xu Jianmin , Beresovsky Vladislav , Khan Diba , Valverde Roberto , Schenker Nathaniel
Published: March 2016

Multiple imputation is a popular approach to handling missing data. Although it was originally motivated by survey nonresponse problems, it has been readily applied to other data settings. However, its general behavior still remains unclear when applied to survey data with complex sample designs, including clustering. Recently, Lewis et al. (2014) compared single- and multiple-imputation analyses for certain incomplete variables in the 2008 National Ambulatory Medicare Care Survey, which has a nationally representative, multistage, and clustered sampling design. Their study results suggested that the increase of the variance estimate due to multiple imputation compared with single imputation largely disappears for estimates with large design effects. We complement their empirical research by providing some theoretical reasoning. We consider data sampled from an equally weighted, single-stage cluster design and characterize the process using a balanced, one-way normal random-effects model. Assuming that the missingness is completely at random, we derive analytic expressions for the within- and between-multiple-imputation variance estimators for the mean estimator, and thus conveniently reveal the impact of design effects on these variance estimators. We propose approximations for the fraction of missing information in clustered samples, extending previous results for simple random samples. We discuss some generalizations of this research and its practical implications for data release by statistical agencies.
Bayesian Predictive Inference of a Proportion Under a Twofold Small-Area Model
Authors: Nandram Balgobin
Published: March 2016

We extend the twofold small-area model of Stukel and Rao (1997; 1999) to accommodate binary data. An example is the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), in which pass-fail data for mathematics of students from US schools (clusters) are available at the third grade by regions and communities (small areas). We compare the finite population proportions of these small areas. We present a hierarchical Bayesian model in which the firststage binary responses have independent Bernoulli distributions, and each subsequent stage is modeled using a beta distribution, which is parameterized by its mean and a correlation coefficient. This twofold small-area model has an intracluster correlation at the first stage and an intercluster correlation at the second stage. The final-stage mean and all correlations are assumed to be noninformative independent random variables. We show how to infer the finite population proportion of each area. We have applied our models to synthetic TIMSS data to show that the twofold model is preferred over a onefold small-area model that ignores the clustering within areas. We further compare these models using a simulation study, which shows that the intracluster correlation is particularly important.
БІОЕКОЛОГІЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ЕПІФІТНИХ ЛИШАЙНИКІВ PHYSCIA В УМОВАХ ГІРНИЧО-МЕТАЛУРГІЙНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ КРИВБАСУ
Authors: Kachinskaya V. V.
Published: March 2016

The comparative analysis of lichens Physcia. Рopulation at different levels of aerotechnogenic pollution of industrial mining – metallurgical complex of Krivyi Rig Basin. In the highway area there was found the worsening living conditions of thallus at the lichens Physcia, manifested in the reduction of a projective cover and reducing of the size of thallus with the increasing of the degree of their damage. It is set that specific composition and conformities to law of distribution of cladinas is determined the type of the industrial loading.  Predominance at the lichens  of crustaceous cladinas, insignificant participation of fissile cladinas and complete absence of bushy forms is the possible consequence of industrial influence.

We registered some 3 species of epiphytic lichens, namely Phaeophyscia nigricans, Physcia tenella, Physcia adscendens in a residential zone, while on conditional control area we found Physcia orbicularis. The dominant species was scum-like shape Phaeophyscia nigricans, Physcia adscendens, Physcia tenella, while on conditional control region we marked predominance of Physcia orbicularis and did not registered bushy lichens form.

We also divided the lichens into two groups according to the resistance towards air pollution - moderate (2 species, Phaeophyscia nigricans, Physcia tenella) and toxic-resistant (2 species, Physcia orbicularis, Physcia adscendens). Epiphytic lichens in terms of residential areas compared to conventionally control area characterized by a decrease of morphometric parameters of the melt. Key results can be used to predict the state of ecosystems using lichenoindication in terms of industrial regions of Ukraine.

Keywords: lichen, projective cover, floristic composition, lichenoindication.
DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER MG. ЯК ТЕСТ-ОБ’ЄКТ СКРИНІНГУ КСЕНОБІОТИКІВ НА АКАРИЦИДНУ АКТИВНІСТЬ
Authors: Belokon S. V.
Published: March 2016

 

The development of new effective test systems for screening xenobiotics on biological activity, including its possible harmful influence on the organism is the modern challenge. Test systems of eukaryotic origin are needed for testing of xenobiotics on their gonadotoxical, embryotoxic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic effects. Such testing should include the monitoring of genetic effects of bioactive compounds and the possible mutagenic effect. The Drosophila melanogaster Mg. is very convenient test object as a classical genetics object, for which the genome is fully sequenced. It is convenient and easy to find out the frequency of crossingover in different parts of the genome, and study the key indicators of vitality and ontogenetic adaptation (fertility, longevity, survival under stress conditions, etc.) on Drosophila. The crossover frequency, in our opinion, can be an integral factor for the general state of genotype.so we could use the mark of genetic recombination frequency as one of the indicators of the impact of xenobiotics.

In this study we examined the possibility of using Drosophila melanogaster Mg. (Diptera, Drosophilidae) as a test object for screening xenobiotics on acaricidal activity. Sensitivity of flies to acaricides piridaben (Sanmayt) and proparhit (Omayt) was studied by their fitness, longevity, fertility, and frequency of meiotic recombination in the area b-vg second chromosome. It was found that the studied compounds - piridaben and proparhit have significant  influence on vitality of D. melanogaster. The presence of these acaricides in the nutrition of flies testifies the harmful influence on their crossingover and reduced fecundity and longevity. We suggested to use the D. melanogaster as a test object for screening xenobiotics on acaricidal activity.

Keywords: Drosophila, the test object, acaricides, crossingover, fertility, longevity.

http://dx.doi.org/10.7905/bbmspu.v5i1.970
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАЗНЫХ ШТАММОВ РОДА NOSTOC VAUCHER EX BORNET ET FLAHAULT НА РОСТ И РАЗВИТИЕ PISUM SATIVUM L.
Authors: Maltsev Ye. I.
Published: March 2016

We investigated the positive impact of cultures cyanobacteria genus Nostoc Vaucher ex Bornet et Flahault on growth and development of higher plants as an example Pisum sativum L. All the Nostoc species have a positive effect on the viability, germination energy, and biometric characteristics of Pisum sativum. The greatest positive influence was registered for N. entophytum Born. et. Flah. and N. linckia (Roth) Bornetet Flahault f. linckia.

Keywords: Nostoc, seed pelleting, viability, germination energy, biomass.
Butterfly diversity in Kolkata metropolis: a synoptic check list
Authors: Mukherjee Swarnali , Aditya Gautum , Basu Parthiba , Saha Goutam K.
Published: March 2016

Butterflies are considered charismatic species for conservation planning as well as environmental monitoring and management. In this study, we assessed the richness of butterfly and associated plant species in Kolkata, India to provide baseline information on the extent of species diversity and prospective use in urban planning and conservation. In association with 39 different herbs and shrubs, at least 54 species of butterflies, belonging to five families, were found in urban habitats of Kolkata. Variations in the diversity indices of the butterfly and plant were observed over the months with highest values in the summer and postmonsoon period and low in the winter months. Butterfly association with the host plants reflected the ascendancy of generalist species in the study area. The network of butterfly and the host plant may be explored further to facilitate the conservation of butterfly and sustain the environmental quality of Kolkata, India
Langfristige Trends im metabolischen Profil von Deutsch-Holstein-Milchviehherden in Thüringen
Authors: Siebert W. , Menzer E. , Söllner-Donat S. , Donat K.
Published: March 2016

Gegenstand und Ziel: Regelmäßige und systematisch durchgeführte Stoffwechselkontrollen können eine wichtige Datengrundlage sein, um den gestiegenen Anforderungen an das Herdenmanagement von Milchviehherden gerecht zu werden. Ziel dieser Arbeit war, aus den Ergebnissen dieser in Thüringer Deutsch-Holstein-Beständen vorgenommenen Untersuchungen langfristige Trends abzuleiten. Material und Methoden: Das metabolische Profil umfasste 13 Parameter: die Serumkonzentrationen von β-Hydroxybutyrat (BHB), freien Fettsäuren (FFS), Bilirubin, Harnstoff, Kalzium, anorganischem Phosphat, Selen und β-Carotin, die Aktivitäten der Aspartat-Aminotransferase (AST) und der Glutamat-Dehydrogenase (GLDH), die Konzentrationen der Natrium- und Kaliumionen im Harn sowie die Netto-Säuren-Basen-Ausscheidung (NSBA). Dabei wurden je sieben bis zehn trockenstehende, frischlaktierende und hochlaktierende Kühe untersucht. In den Jahren 1997–2014 gingen insgesamt 17 070 Gruppenstichproben aus 103 Herden in die Untersuchung ein. Für jedes Kalenderjahr wurde die Periodenprävalenz beanstandeter Leistungsgruppen ermittelt und deren Entwicklung mithilfe eines linearen Regressionsmodells beschrieben. Ergebnisse: Für die je Laktationsphase untersuchten 15 Beanstandungsmöglichkeiten ergaben sich bei Trockenstehern für sieben, bei Frischabkalbern für neun und bei hochlaktierenden Kühen für zehn signifikante Trends. Dabei waren Verminderungen der Beanstandungsquote für erhöhte FFS-Konzentration, erniedrigte Serum konzentrationen von anorganischem Phosphat, Selen, β-Carotin und Harnstoff, erniedrigte Natrium- und erhöhte Kaliumkonzentrationen sowie erhöhte NSBA im Harn zu verzeichnen. Dagegen erhöhte sich der Anteil der Beanstandungen wegen erhöhter AST-und GLDH-Aktivität und Bilirubinkonzentration im Serum sowie erniedrigter NSBA. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Mithilfe von Stoffwechselprofilen kann der Herdengesundheitsstatus auf der Basis objektiver Messwerte beschrieben werden. Auf deren Grundlage lassen sich Maßnahmen zur Optimierung des Herdenmanagements und damit zur Verbesserung der Herdengesundheit implementieren.
Clinical and epidemiological profiles of non-traumatic myelopathies
Authors: Pinto Wladimir Bocca Vieira de Rezende , Souza Paulo Victor Sgobbi de , Albuquerque Marcus Vinícius Cristino de , Dutra Lívia Almeida , Pedroso José Luiz , Barsottini Orlando Graziani Povoas
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT Non-traumatic myelopathies represent a heterogeneous group of neurological conditions. Few studies report clinical and epidemiological profiles regarding the experience of referral services. Objective To describe clinical characteristics of a non-traumatic myelopathy cohort. Method Epidemiological, clinical, and radiological variables from 166 charts of patients assisted between 2001 and 2012 were compiled. Results The most prevalent diagnosis was subacute combined degeneration (11.4%), followed by cervical spondylotic myelopathy (9.6%), demyelinating disease (9%), tropical spastic paraparesis (8.4%) and hereditary spastic paraparesis (8.4%). Up to 20% of the patients presented non-traumatic myelopathy of undetermined etiology, despite the broad clinical, neuroimaging and laboratorial investigations. Conclusion Regardless an extensive evaluation, many patients with non-traumatic myelopathy of uncertain etiology. Compressive causes and nutritional deficiencies are important etiologies of non-traumatic myelopathies in our population.
Speech disorders did not correlate with age at onset of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Dias Alice Estevo , Barbosa Maira Tonidandel , Limongi João Carlos Papaterra , Barbosa Egberto Reis
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT Speech disorders are common manifestations of Parkinson´s disease. Objective To compare speech articulation in patients according to age at onset of the disease. Methods Fifty patients was divided into two groups: Group I consisted of 30 patients with age at onset between 40 and 55 years; Group II consisted of 20 patients with age at onset after 65 years. All patients were evaluated based on the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale scores, Hoehn and Yahr scale and speech evaluation by perceptual and acoustical analysis. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding neurological involvement and speech characteristics. Correlation analysis indicated differences in speech articulation in relation to staging and axial scores of rigidity and bradykinesia for middle and late-onset. Conclusions Impairment of speech articulation did not correlate with age at onset of disease, but was positively related with disease duration and higher scores in both groups.
REVESTIMENTO COMESTÍVEL À BASE DE GOMA XANTANA, COMPOSTOS LIPOFÍLICOS E/OU CLORETO DE CÁLCIO NA CONSERVAÇÃO DE MORANGOS
Authors: LEITE BIANCA SÁVIA FERREIRA , BORGES CAROLINE DELLINGHAUSEN , CARVALHO PATRÍCIA GONÇALVES BAPTISTA , BOTREL NEIDE
Published: March 2016

RESUMO Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar revestimentos comestíveis à base de goma xantana e glicerol, combinada a cloreto de cálcio, ácido oleico e/ou óleo essencial de hortelã-pimenta na conservação de morangos cv. Festival. Os morangos foram selecionados, lavados, sanitizados e, a seguir, submetidos a diferentes tratamentos de revestimentos à base de goma xantana acrescidos de glicerol, cloreto de cálcio, ácido oleico e/ou óleo essencial de hortelã-pimenta. Os frutos foram secos sob ventilação forçada a 4 ºC, por 15 h, e, posteriormente, embalados em bandejas com tampa de Polietileno Tereftalato (PET) e armazenados a 4 ºC, durante 12 dias. Foram realizadas análises de perda de massa, firmeza, luminosidade, tonalidade, pH, acidez, sólidos solúveis totais, antocianinas e a incidência de deterioração fúngica. Os diferentes revestimentos utilizados foram eficientes na conservação dos morangos. O tratamento com goma xantana e glicerol apresentou os melhores resultados, pois a influência do ácido oleico ou do óleo essencial de hortelãpimenta, assim como do cloreto de cálcio, não foi significativa. O revestimento de goma xantana proporcionou redução da perda de massa, manutenção da firmeza, cor, pH, acidez, sólidos solúveis totais, antocianinas e não estimulou o crescimento fúngico. Desta forma, esta goma apresenta potencial para aplicação como revestimento em morangos, visando a maximizar a vida útil deste produto.
DIVERSIDADE GENÉTICA E SELEÇÃO DE INICIADORES ISSR EM UMA POPULAÇÃO NATURAL DE MANGABA (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) (APOCYNACEAE)
Authors: COSTA DANIEL FERREIRA DA , VIEIRA FÁBIO DE ALMEIDA , FAJARDO CRISTIANE GOUVÊA , CHAGAS KYVIA PONTES TEIXEIRA DAS
Published: March 2016

RESUMO O conhecimento da diversidade genética de espécies nativas é de grande valia quando se objetiva o melhoramento e a conservação de populações naturais. Neste sentido, o objetivodeste trabalho foi selecionar iniciadores ISSR (inter repetições de sequências simples) para Hancornia speciosa (Apocynaceae), assim como quantificar a variabilidade genética em uma população natural. Foramamostrados 15 indivíduos de uma população localizada em Natal-RN. Amostras de caule foram coletadas para a posterior extração do DNA. DNA. Para a seleção, 19 primers ISSR foram testados, dos quais seis foram eficientes, apresentando locos nítidos e em maior número (UBC 808; UBC 810; UBC 826; UBC 827; UBC 841 e UBC 842), totalizando 63 locos. Desses, apenas 30 (47,62%) apresentaram polimorfismo. O valor de PIC (conteúdo de informações polimórficas) para os primers selecionados atingiu a média de 0,37, variando de 0,26 a 0,44. A diversidade genética foi considerada baixa dentro da população, com o número de alelos observados (na =1,48), número de alelos efetivos (ne = 1,32), índice de diversidade de Nei (He = 0,18) e índice de Shannon (I = 0,26). Os padrões de diversidade alélica encontrados indicam a ocorrência de um gargalo populacional recente. A utilização de marcadores ISSR para Hancornia speciosa mostrou-se eficaz para a quantificação da diversidade genética dos indivíduos, servindo como aporte para estratégias e planos que visem à conservação e à manutenção da espécie.
CRESCIMENTO, DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUÇÃO DE MORANGUEIRO A PARTIR DE MUDAS COM DIFERENTES VOLUMES DE TORRÃO
Authors: COCCO CARINE , GONÇALVES MICHÉL ALDRIGHI , PICOLOTTO LUCIANO , FERREIRA LETÍCIA VANNI , ANTUNES LUIS EDUARDO CORRÊA
Published: March 2016

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência do volume de alvéolos em bandejas no crescimento, no desenvolvimento de mudas e na produção de frutas do morangueiro. Os tratamentos consistiram em quatro volumes de alvéolos (50; 100; 180 e 312 mL) e duas cultivares (‘Camarosa’ e ‘Aromas’), em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, nove plantas por parcela, conduzido no período entre abril e dezembro de 2011. Avaliaram-se os seguintes parâmetros: qualidade, crescimento, desenvolvimento das mudas e produção de frutas. Mudas com torrão produzidas em recipientes com maior volume de alvéolos proporcionaram maior precocidade e produção, em decorrência do maior diâmetro da coroa e a massa seca de parte aérea e raízes. Obteve-se correlação significativa entre a massa seca de raízes, massa seca da parte aérea e o diâmetro da coroa com a produção precoce de frutas. A qualidade da muda influencia diretamente na precocidade e na produção de frutas de morangueiro.
ESTOQUE DE SERAPILHEIRA EM FLORESTA EM RESTAURAÇÃO E EM FLORESTA ATLÂNTICA DE TABULEIRO NO SUDESTE BRASILEIRO1
Authors: Correia Geanna Gonçalves de Souza , Martins Sebastião Venâncio , Miranda Neto Aurino , Silva Kelly de Almeida
Published: March 2016

RESUMO Neste trabalho, objetivou-se quantificar e comparar a serapilheira acumulada em uma floresta em restauração (FR) há 23 anos com uma Floresta Ombrófila Densa primária (FP) adjacente. Foram alocadas 30 parcelas permanentes de 3 x 3 m em cada área. No centro de cada parcela foi coletada a serapilheira (0,50 x 0,50 x 0,05 m). O material foi seco em estufa a 70 °C, durante 48 h, e mensurada a massa de matéria seca. Foi calculada a matriz de correlação de Pearson entre os valores de serapilheira acumulada e as variáveis ambientais índice de área de planta (IAP), compactação do solo e densidade de indivíduos arbustivo-arbóreos do estrato de regeneração natural. Os valores médios encontrados (FR = 3.177 ± 937 kg.ha-1; FP = 4.411 ± 1.389 kg.ha-1) de serapilheira acumulada apresentaram diferença significativa entre as duas áreas estudadas (p < 0,001). A serapilheira acumulada apresentou correlação significativa (p < 0,001) com a compactação do solo e índice de área de planta.
GANANCIA GENÉTICA ESPERADA EN MELINA ( Gmelina arborea Roxb.) EN CÓRDOBA (COLOMBIA)1
Authors: Espitia Miguel , Murillo Olman , Castillo Carlos
Published: March 2016

RESUMEN El Departamento de Córdoba (Colombia) planea plantar 200000 ha para el 2025 yGmelina arborea es una de las opciones dada su alta producción de biomasa en turnos cortos. El objetivo del estudio fue estimar el potencial de mejoramiento genético basado en la selección fenotípica de árboles plus en Córdoba y Magdalena. La selección se basó en la evaluación y comparación de cada árbol candidato con sus cuatro mejores vecinos en un radio de 20m, con base en su DAP, altura comercial, volumen comercial y, calidad del fuste basada en la calificación de sus primeras cuatro trozas de 2,5 m de largo. Los árboles plus se clasificaron como A cuando superaron tanto en volumen como en calidad a todos sus vecinos y, como B cuando solamente superaron en volumen o en calidad a sus vecinos. La ganancia genética se estimó para cada caracter mediante el producto de su diferencial de selección por un valor de heredabilidad esperable para G. arborea según literatura, tanto si se clonan (H2), como si se toma su semilla para plantar (h2). Se construyó un índice de selección que integró el volumen (60%) con la calidad (40%). De 57 árboles seleccionados, 35 fueron clasificados como plus A, que si se clonaran se estima se obtendrían ganancias genéticas de 5, 15, 36 y 34%, para el diámetro, altura comercial, volumen comercial y calidad del fuste, respectivamente. Los resultados sugieren un progreso genético importante con G. arborea en Córdoba, Colombia. Es necesario ampliar la base genética y comprobar estas estimaciones mediante ensayos genéticos.
DOSAGEM DE MISTURA BETUMINOSA A FRIO E SEU ESTUDO SOB EFEITOS DE CARGAS ESTÁTICAS E REPETIDAS1
Authors: Silva Tamyres Karla da , Carvalho Carlos Alexandre Braz de , Marques Geraldo Luciano de Oliveira , Sant'Anna Giovani Levi , Silva Taciano Oliveira da , Machado Carlos Cardoso
Published: March 2016

RESUMO Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa experimental que objetivou estudar o comportamento mecânico de uma mistura betuminosa a frio sob efeitos de cargas estáticas e repetidas. Após a caracterização dos agregados e do ligante empregados na pesquisa, efetuou-se a mistura, a partir da dosagem Marshall, obtendo o teor de projeto equivalente a 8,5% de emulsão. Nesse teor de emulsão, moldaram-se várias amostras, que foram submetidas aos ensaios de módulo de resiliência, resistência à tração por compressão diametral e fadiga. A caracterização dos agregados e do ligante mostrou-se concordante com vários estudos, exceto o resíduo da peneiração, que não atendeu à exigência do IBP (1999). Para os ensaios com as misturas asfálticas, empregaram-se três corpos de prova, pesando cada um deles cerca de 1.200 g, compactados com 75 golpes em cada uma de suas faces. Observou-se que a estabilidade e a fluência Marshall de 620 kgf e de 4,20 mm, respectivamente, superaram o limite mínimo recomendado na especificação de serviço do DNIT (2010a). Com relação aos ensaios de módulo de resiliência e de resistência à tração por compressão diametral, obtiveram-se os valores de 1.616 MPa e 0,44 MPa, respectivamente, quando se verificou que os resultados foram bem inferiores aos encontrados em misturas a quente. Esse mesmo comportamento foi observado no ensaio de fadiga que, na maioria dos níveis de tensão aplicados, foi inferior a 1.000 aplicações do carregamento.
AVALIAÇÃO DE PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS E MECÂNICAS DE MADEIRAS DE JATOBÁ (Hymenaea stilbocarpa Hayne) COM DIFERENTES TEORES DE UMIDADE E EXTRAÍDAS DE REGIÕES DISTINTAS1
Authors: Lahr Francisco Antonio Rocco , Christoforo André Luis , Silva Carlos Eduardo Gomes da , Andrade Junior Jairo Ribas de , Pinheiro Roberto Vasconcelos
Published: March 2016

RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou investigar a influência das regiões de extração (Municípios de Caracaraí e Bonfim, Sul de Roraima; Município de Alta Floresta, Norte de Mato Grosso) da madeira da espécie jatobá (Hymenaea stilbocarpa). Também, foi avaliada a influência do teor de umidade (madeira saturada e a 12%) em 15 propriedades físicas e mecânicas de interesse. Ao todo, foram preparados e ensaiados, segundo as prescrições da Norma Brasileira ABNT NR 7190 (1997), 840 corpos de prova. Os resultados da análise de variância (a 5% de significância) revelaram que a região de extração dos corpos de prova não foi significativa nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas avaliadas, pois foram obtidos valores equivalentes, independentemente da origem, aspecto altamente interessante à medida que nem sempre é possível identificar a região de onde provém a madeira tropical. Essa importância é ainda maior no caso do emprego da madeira como elemento, cujos valores de referência se encontram apontados nos anexos do referido documento normativo. Com relação ao teor de umidade, foi observada diferença significativa em oito das 15 propriedades avaliadas. A condição de 12% de teor de umidade apresentou valores médios superiores à condição saturada nas propriedades de resistência na compressão paralela (37%), resistência na tração paralela (29%) e cisalhamento (36%) na direção paralela às fibras; módulo de resistência na flexão (26%), módulo de elasticidade na compressão paralela (9%) e 200 direções paralelas (35%) e normal (28%) às fibras; e inferior na densidade aparente.
DENSITOMETRIA DE RAIOS X NA MADEIRA E CARVÃO DE CLONE DEEucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden X Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake1
Authors: Arantes Marina Donária Chaves , Trugilho Paulo Fernando , Tomazello Filho Mario , Lima José Tarcísio , Vidaurre Graziela Baptista
Published: March 2016

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a densidade relativa aparente por meio da técnica de raios X da madeira e do carvão de um clone de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla com 6 anos. A amostragem consistiu na retirada de baguetas de 2 cm de diâmetro no DAP, com trado motorizado, em 50 árvores distribuídas em três classes de diâmetro. Após a determinação da densidade relativa aparente das baguetas, pela técnica de densitometria por raios X, as amostras foram carbonizadas em um forno elétrico (mufla) e suas densidades, determinadas pela mesma técnica. Os valores mais altos de densidade aparente da madeira utilizando a técnica de raios X foram encontrados nas classes diamétricas de 14,1 e 11,4 cm. Os valores de densidade relativa aparente nas amostras de carvão tenderam a aumentar no sentido medula-casca em todas as classes diamétricas.
PRODUÇÃO E AVALIAÇÃO DE BRIQUETES DE FINOS DE CARVÃO VEGETAL COMPACTADOS COM RESÍDUO CELULÓSICO PROVENIENTE DA INDÚSTRIA DE PAPEL E CELULOSE1
Authors: Martins Mariana Provedel , Benício Elizabeth Lemos , Dias Júnior Ananias Francisco , Almeida Rodrigo Braga de , Carvalho Alexandre Monteiro de , Yamaji Fábio Minoru
Published: March 2016

RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar briquetes produzidos a partir de finos de carvão vegetal compactados com resíduo celulósico gerado na decantação dos efluentes da indústria de papel e celulose. Foram realizados os seguintes tratamentos: briquetes produzidos com fino de carvão vegetal e resíduo celulósico nas proporções de 25% (T1), 30% (T2), 35% (T3), 40% (T4) e 45% (T5) e briquetes produzidos com finos de carvão vegetal com 10% de amido e resíduo celulósico nas proporções de 0% (T6), 5% (T7), 10% (T8), 15% (T9), 20% (T10) e 25% (T11). A caracterização dos briquetes foi realizada por meio de ensaios de análise química imediata, determinação do poder calorífico superior, densidade aparente e avaliação da resistência mecânica após a secagem dos briquetes em estufa ou ao ar livre. Observou-se que os briquetes com resíduo celulósico e amido em sua composição apresentaram maior densidade e resistência mecânica à compressão, concluindo-se, assim, que a presença do amido favoreceu a compactação e estabilidade dos briquetes. Observou-se, também, que o processo de secagem em estufa prejudicou a qualidade dos briquetes, de modo que a secagem ao ar livre forneceu briquetes mais resistentes e estáveis.
Escolhas de carreiras universitárias e mercado de trabalho: Uma análise da influência dos incentivos econômicos
Authors: Silva Diego Firmino Costa da , Silveira Neto Raul da Mota
Published: March 2016

Resumo: O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar em que medida incentivos de mercado de trabalho influenciam as escolhas de carreiras dos candidatos às vagas na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,no vestibular para acesso a esta no ano de 2009. Com base em um amplo banco de informações a respeito do universo de candidatos e da estimação de parâmetros de modelos econométricos de múltipla escolha (logit condicional e mixed logit), os resultados indicam que as escolhas dos candidatos são afetadas positivamente pelos níveis de rendimento e pela participação das carreiras no emprego total de nível superior e, negativamente, pelo desvio padrão dos rendimentos. Tais influências permanecem significativas nas regressões mesmo após a inclusão de um grande conjunto de variáveis com características pessoais, familiares e do ambiente socialdos indivíduos.
Restrição financeira e financiamento público à inovação no Brasil: uma análise com base em microdados da PINTEC
Authors: Kannebley Júnior Sérgio , Prince Diogo de
Published: March 2016

Resumo: Com a motivação de avaliar os avanços da política de inovação no Brasil, este artigo propõe caracterizar as firmas com obstáculos financeiros para inovar. As características das firmas restritas financeiramente serão comparadas entre os triênios pré e pós-implementação dos principais instrumentos de financiamento à inovação no Brasil. O presente trabalho averigua se as firmas que obtêm financiamento público à inovação sofrem de restrição financeira. É feita uma avaliação do critério de concessão de financiamento público à inovação. Assim, informações das edições de 2005 e 2008 da PINTEC são utilizadas para estimações de modelos log-log complementar e de variáveis instrumentais.
Cytotoxic Effect of Erythroxylum suberosum Combined with Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Macedo Taysa B. C. , Elias Silvia T. , Torres Hianne M. , Yamamoto-Silva Fernanda Paula , Silveira Dâmaris , Magalhães Pérola O. , Lofrano-Porto Adriana , Guerra Eliete N. S. , Silva Maria Alves G.
Published: March 2016

Abstract The mouth and oropharynx cancer is the 6th most common type of cancer in the world. The treatment may involve surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. More than 50% of drugs against cancer were isolated from natural sources, such as Catharanthus roseus and epipodophyllotoxin, isolated from Podophyllum. The biggest challenge is to maximize the control of the disease, while minimizing morbidity and toxicity to the surrounding normal tissues. The Erythroxylum suberosum is a common plant in the Brazilian Cerrado biome and is popularly known as "cabelo-de-negro". The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of Erythroxylum suberosum plant extracts of the Brazilian Cerrado biome associated with radiotherapy in human cell lines of oral and hypopharynx carcinomas. Cells were treated with aqueous, ethanolic and hexanic extracts of Erythroxylum suberosum and irradiated at 4 Gy, 6 Gy and 8 Gy. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay and the absorbance was measured at 570 nm in a Beckman Counter reader. Cisplatin, standard chemotherapy, was used as positive control. The use of Erythroxylum suberosum extracts showed a possible radiosensitizing effect in vitro for head and neck cancer. The cytotoxicity effect in the cell lines was not selective and it is very similar to the effect of standard chemotherapy. The aqueous extract of Erythroxylum suberosum, combined with radiotherapy was the most cytotoxic extract to oral and hypopharynx carcinomas.