bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Uptake According to the Presence of a Chronic Disease
Authors: Gosadi Ibrahim M. , Zogel Basem , Alfaifi Samar , Abusageah Faisal , Hakami Khalid M. , Zogel Taif , Altubayqi Tahani , Darsi Afnan , Almuhaysin Ghaida , Ghalibi Ali , Alhazmi Mohammed , Mahla Khulud
Published: May 2023

Patients diagnosed with a chronic disease are at higher risk of influenza complications. This investigation aimed to estimate influenza vaccine uptake rates among healthy subjects and patients with chronic diseases, and to identify barriers to and facilitators of its uptake. This study was a cross-sectional investigation that targeted the general population in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected via online platforms between October and November 2022. Data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire that assessed the demographics, influenza vaccine uptake, and factors associated with the uptake. A chi-squared test was used to investigate factors associated with the uptake of the influenza vaccine. A total of 825 adult subjects participated in the current investigation. The proportion of male participants was higher (61%) compared to females (38%). The mean age of the participants was 36, with a standard deviation of 10.5. Nearly 30% of the sample reported being diagnosed with a chronic disease. Among the recruited sample, 576 (69.8%) reported having ever received the influenza vaccine, and only 222 participants (27%) indicated that they receive the influenza vaccination annually. Only history of being diagnosed with a chronic disease was statistically associated with the history of ever receiving the influenza vaccine (p < 0.001). Among the 249 participants with a chronic disease, only 103 (41.4%) ever received the influenza vaccine and only 43 (17.3%) of them received the vaccine annually. The main barrier to the uptake was fear of side effects due to the vaccination. A minority of the participants indicated that they were motivated by a healthcare worker to have the vaccine. This suggests an area for further investigation to assess the involvement of healthcare workers in motivating their patients with chronic diseases to have the vaccine.
Assessing the Role of Infant and Toddler MenACWY Immunisation in the UK: Does the Adolescent MenACWY Programme Provide Sufficient Protection?
Authors: Schley Katharina , Kowalik Jack C. , Sullivan Shannon M. , Vyse Andrew , Czudek Carole , Tichy Eszter , Findlow Jamie
Published: May 2023

A combined Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)/meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) vaccine will soon be unavailable in the UK immunisation schedule due to discontinuation by the manufacturer. An interim statement by the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) advises stopping MenC immunisation at 12 months of age when this occurs. We undertook an analysis of the public health impact of various potential meningococcal vaccination strategies in the UK in the absence of the Hib/MenC vaccine. A static population-cohort model was developed evaluating the burden of IMD (using 2005–2015 epidemiological data) and related health outcomes (e.g., cases, cases with long-term sequelae, deaths), which allows for the comparison of any two meningococcal immunisation strategies. We compared potential strategies that included different combinations of infant and/or toddler MenACWY immunisations with the anticipated future situation in which a 12-month MenC vaccine is not used, but the MenACWY vaccine is routinely given in adolescents. The most effective strategy is combining MenACWY immunisation at 2, 4, and 12 months of age with the incumbent adolescent MenACWY immunisation programme, resulting in the prevention of an additional 269 IMD cases and 13 fatalities over the modelling period; of these cases, 87 would be associated with long-term sequelae. Among the different vaccination strategies, it was observed that those with multiple doses and earlier doses provided the greatest protection. Our study provides evidence suggesting that the removal of the MenC toddler immunisation from the UK schedule would potentially increase the risk of unnecessary IMD cases and have a detrimental public health impact if not replaced by an alternate infant and/or toddler programme. This analysis supports that infant and toddler MenACWY immunisation can provide maximal protection while complementing both infant/toddler MenB and adolescent MenACWY immunisation programmes in the UK.
A VLP-Based Vaccine Displaying HBHA and MTP Antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Induces Potentially Protective Immune Responses in M. tuberculosis H37Ra Infected Mice
Authors: Wang Juan , Xie Tao , Ullah Inayat , Mi Youjun , Li Xiaoping , Gong Yang , He Pu , Liu Yuqi , Li Fei , Li Jixi , Lu Zengjun , Zhu Bingdong
Published: May 2023

Heparin-binding hemagglutinin (HBHA) and M. tuberculosis pili (MTP) are important antigens on the surface of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. To display these antigens effectively, the fusion protein HBHA-MTP with a molecular weight of 20 kD (L20) was inserted into the receptor-binding hemagglutinin (HA) fragment of influenza virus and was expressed along with matrix protein M1 in Sf9 insect cells to generate influenza virus-like particles (LV20 in short). The results showed that the insertion of L20 into the envelope of the influenza virus did not affect the self-assembly and morphology of LV20 VLPs. The expression of L20 was successfully verified by transmission electron microscopy. Importantly, it did not interfere with the immunogenicity reactivity of LV20 VLPs. We demonstrated that LV20 combined with the adjuvant composed of DDA and Poly I: C (DP) elicited significantly higher antigen-specific antibodies and CD4+/CD8+ T cell responses than PBS and BCG vaccination in mice, and reduced the bacterial load in the lungs of mice infected with M. tuberculosis H37Ra. It suggests that the insect cell expression system is an excellent protein production system, and LV20 VLPs could be a novel tuberculosis vaccine candidate for further evaluation.
Hydrogeochemistry and Isotopic Composition of Waters in the Renella Cave (Central Italy): New Insights into Groundwater Dynamics
Authors: Chimenti Marco , Natali Stefano , Giannecchini Roberto , Zanchetta Giovanni , Baneschi Ilaria , Doveri Marco , Isola Ilaria , Piccini Leonardo
Published: May 2023

This article presents data from monthly monitoring carried out on cave and stream waters belonging to the Renella Cave karst system from September 2020 to April 2022. Additionally, old data pertaining to cave waters from previous published work are discussed. The aim is to develop a dataset for future climatic and hydrological studies on the Renella Cave and its surface recharges. Water samples were collected and analyzed for major ions, δ18O and δ2H, on water molecules. The cave sump water level, water temperature, and electrical conductivity were continuously measured and compared to the precipitation data. Additionally, air temperature and pressure inside and outside the cave were also monitored. The classification based on the Piper-Hill diagram indicated that both stream and cave waters belong to the bicarbonate-alkaline earth hydrochemical facies, indicating that their chemism is essentially determined by the dissolution of the Grezzoni Fm. Isotopic data suggest that both stream and cave waters have a meteoric origin, and their variability mainly depends on underground homogenization. Hydrogeochemistry, isotopic composition, and the monitoring data allowed a deeper understanding of the cave karst system, and identified an underground circulation network that is fragmented into independent parts.
Assessment and Management of the Water Quality and Heavy-Metal Pollution of a Protected Hypersaline Wetland in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Samara Fatin , Knuteson Sandra L. , Abdulateef Tala A. , Yaghmour Fadi , Whittington-Jones Brendan , Al Abdalla Sara Mohamed , Khalil Baha , Ahmed Norhan
Published: May 2023

A hypersaline protected wetland in the UAE was assessed from February to April of 2021 for parameters such as temperature, pH, COD, total dissolved solids, ORP, electrical conductivity, total and E. coli, salinity, turbidity, chloride, ammonia, nitrate, total nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals to assess its current status. Wasit Nature Reserve’s salinity values ranged between 17.1 and 64.78 psu, while D.O values ranged between 6.3 and 8.41 ppm. The values for nitrate were between 50.70 and 57.6 ppm, while the values for chloride were between 12,642.0 and 37,244.0 ppm. Results for heavy metals showed that Iron and Aluminum were the highest concentrations in sediments, with an average of 5599.3 mg/kg and 3171.1 mg/kg, respectively. Mercury and arsenic reported the lowest concentrations, with an average of 0.0 mg/kg and 2.4 mg/kg, respectively. Hazard quotient values were 2239.72 mg/kg for iron, 0 mg/kg for mercury, and 0.05 mg/kg for arsenic, indicating that iron levels are considered hazardous and water-quality indicators concluded high pollution levels. The results indicate that the hypersaline nature of the wetland contributes to the deviation from the permissible limits, as demonstrated by the calculated “poor“water-quality index and “highly polluted” water-pollution index. Due to their ecological relevance, wetlands in the region could serve as indicators of ecological well-being, highlighting the need for regular monitoring and evaluation.
The Assessment of the Groundwater Quality in the Coastal Aquifers of the Essaouira Basin, Southwestern Morocco, Using Hydrogeochemistry and Isotopic Signatures
Authors: El Mountassir Otman , Bahir Mohammed
Published: May 2023

Because of anthropogenic activity and seawater intrusion, coastal aquifers worldwide frequently face a threat to their water supply due to salinization. This paper investigates the assessment of the groundwater quality in coastal aquifers of the Hauturivien aquifer in the Essaouira basin. In this study, 56 groundwater samples collected from the Hauturivian aquifer across four campaigns in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 were subjected to multivariate analyses involving principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) using SPSS software. Among the three main water types, the mixed Ca-Mg-Cl classification was predominant in the investigated aquifer. In addition to the natural processes (such as the water–rock interaction, ion exchange, dissolution/precipitation dynamics, and evaporation) that govern groundwater quality, current land use practices have increased salinization in this poorly drained semi-arid area. Based on assessments using Water Quality Index (WQI) and Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI), the water quality is suitable for human consumption, but its use for irrigation is limited to crops that can tolerate high salt levels. The stable isotopes (δ2H and δ18O) of groundwater demonstrated that local precipitation is the primary recharge source. Nonetheless, the evaporation process, influenced by various geological conditions, affects groundwater recharge, regardless of the topographical differences in the study area.
Adaptation of SWAT Watershed Model for Stormwater Management in Urban Catchments: Case Study in Austin, Texas
Authors: Glick Roger , Jeong Jaehak , Srinivasan Raghavan , Arnold Jeffrey G. , Her Younggu
Published: May 2023

Computer simulation models are a useful tool in planning, enabling reliable yet affordable what-if scenario analysis. Many simulation models have been proposed and used for urban planning and management. Still, there are a few modeling options available for the purpose of evaluating the effects of various stormwater control measures (SCM), including LID (low-impact development) controls (green roof, rain garden, porous pavement, rainwater harvesting), upland off-line controls (sedimentation, filtration, retention–irrigation) and online controls (detention, wet pond). We explored the utility and potential of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) as a modeling tool for urban stormwater planning and management. This study demonstrates how the hydrologic modeling strategies of SWAT and recent enhancements could help to develop efficient measures for solving urban stormwater issues. The case studies presented in this paper focus on urban watersheds in the City of Austin (COA), TX, where rapid urbanization and population growth have put pressure on the urban stormwater system. Using the enhanced SWAT, COA developed a framework to assess the impacts on erosion, flooding, and aquatic life due to changes in runoff characteristics associated with land use changes. Five catchments in Austin were modeled to test the validity of the SWAT enhancements and the analytical framework. These case studies demonstrate the efficacy of using SWAT and the COA framework to evaluate the impacts of changes in hydrology and the effects of different regulatory schemes.
Growth and Muscle Quality of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) in In-Pond Raceway Aquaculture and Traditional Pond Culture
Authors: Gharti Kamala , Yan Li , Li Kang , Boonpeng Nattida , Liu Liping
Published: May 2023

In-pond raceway aquaculture (IPRA) is the rational prescription for water eutrophication and improves the pond environment, enhancing production and the quality of fish. This experiment explored the growth performances and muscle quality of grass carp with stocking densities of 32 tail/m3 and 0.07 tail/m2 in IPRA and traditional pond culture (TPC), respectively. The hepatosomatic index, visceral mass ratio, and correction factor were statistically similar in IPRA compared to TPC. While the weight gain rate (p < 0.001) and the content of crude lipid (p < 0.05) in the flesh of grass carp were observed to be statistically promising in IPRA, the pH and water holding capacity, as well as hardness and chewiness, in grass carp muscle were not significantly different between the two culture systems. However, the 2-MIB concentration in the muscle was observed to increase continuously for the complete culture period in IPRA. The abundance of Proteobacteria was found to be higher in TPC (p < 0.05), while the richness of Planctomycetes was superior in IPRA (p < 0.05). Despite the high stocking density, the off-flavor in IPRA-produced grass carp had less of an impact on the flesh aesthetic quality compared to TPC. Considering all these facts, the results of this study show that grass carp with a better muscle quality can be produced from IPRA.
Hydrogeochemical Appraisal of Groundwater Quality and Its Suitability for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes in the West Central Senegal
Authors: Diédhiou Mathias , Ndoye Seyni , Celle Helene , Faye Serigne , Wohnlich Stefan , Le Coustumer Philippe
Published: May 2023

Groundwater has been the main resource used for drinking, domestic and agricultural activities in West central Senegal for the past few decades. Thus, this study investigates the quality of groundwater and assesses its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. To this end, 42 samples were collected and analyzed for various chemical parameters (major ions, fluoride, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS)). Chemical data were interpreted using water quality indexes, Wilcox and USSL salinity diagrams, bivariate plots, ionic ratios and by comparing with the WHO standards. Results indicated that the groundwater is neutral to slightly alkaline with pH values between 7.1 and 8.2. Piper diagram shows that mixte-Ca-Na-Mg-HCO3 is the dominant hydrochemical facies. TDS and water quality index (WQI) values indicated respectively that 69% and 64.3% of samples were suitable for drinking. Moreover, major ions concentrations were found below the desirable limits in most of groundwater samples. However, for fluoride, 69% of samples exceed the WHO guideline, limiting their use for drinking. The computed index of irrigation water quality and Wilcox diagram reveal that 87% and 78% of samples belong, respectively, to excellent to good category and excellent to good and good to permissible. Similarly, according to the US salinity classification, the majority of samples were acceptable for irrigation. Gibbs plots illustrate that water-rocks interaction with some extent evaporation is the main hydrochemical process controlling groundwater chemistry while bivariate plots and ionic ratios indicate that mineral dissolution and ion exchange play important role in groundwater chemistry.
Stormwater Harvesting from Roof Catchments: A Review of Design, Efficiency, and Sustainability
Authors: Bañas Karen , Robles Miguel Enrico , Maniquiz-Redillas Marla
Published: May 2023

Roof runoff is collected rainwater from a roof using a rainwater harvesting system (RWHS). The construction of an efficient RWHS requires a thorough analysis of the rainwater quality and the appropriate treatment process for its intended use. In line with this, a bibliometric and comprehensive review of studies related to roof rainwater harvesting was conducted. A corpus of 1123 articles was downloaded from the Scopus database and parsed through the CorText Manager to determine the relationships between keywords, journals, and topics related to rainwater harvesting. A comprehensive analysis was also conducted to determine the different designs of RWHS, the quality of harvested rainwater from roof catchments, the efficiency of the system for specific purposes, and its sustainability in terms of economic, environmental, and social aspects. Results show that the effectiveness of a RWHS heavily depends on its installation site, the physicochemical characteristics of the harvested rainwater, and the acceptability of the end users. An effective water treatment process is essential for achieving better water quality for harvested rainwater. Moreover, assessing the financial viability and return on investment of an RWHS is necessary.
Effect of Rock Film Mulching on Preferential Flow at Rock–Soil Interfaces in Rocky Karst Areas
Authors: Zhao Zhimeng , Wang Qinghe
Published: May 2023

Preferential flow is the most common form of water loss occurring at the interface between rock and soil (hereinafter referred to as “rock–soil interface”) in karst areas, and it is also one of the important factors causing soil water leakage into the underground. Therefore, it is of great significance to cut off the pathway of soil water loss through control of preferential flow. In this experiment, rock film mulching (RFM) was used to control the preferential flow at the rock–soil interface, and its influence on the soil water infiltration pattern and soil water content was analyzed by simulating rainfall, dye tracer tests, and digging soil profiles. The results show that: (1) the RFM can significantly control the soil water loss at the rock–soil interface, (2) so that the water intercepted by the above-ground rocks changed from longitudinal infiltration to transverse diffusion, more water moved into the surrounding soil patches, and (3) the soil water content was significantly increased. These results indicate that the RFM has an important blocking effect on preferential flow at the rock–soil interface, which has important guiding significance for reducing soil water erosion in karst areas.
Robust Optimal Booster Disinfectant Injection in Water Systems under Uncertainty
Authors: Boindala Sriman Pankaj , Jaykrishnan G. , Ostfeld Avi
Published: May 2023

Water distribution systems (WDSs) require high-quality water for safe consumption. To achieve this, disinfectants such as chlorine are often added to the water in the system. However, it is important to regulate the levels of chlorine to ensure they fall within acceptable limits. The higher limit is to control disinfection by-products, while the lower limit is established to guarantee that the water is free of organic contaminants. The rate at which chlorine reacts within the pipes is affected by various factors, such as the type of pipe, its age, the pH level of the water, the temperature, and others. This variability makes it challenging to accurately model water quality in WDSs, which can impact the optimal rate of booster injection. To address the uncertainty in the chlorine reaction rate, the current research proposes a robust counterpart reformulation of the booster chlorination scheduling problem, which considers the chlorination reaction rate as uncertain. The proposed reformulation was tested on two benchmark WDSs and analyzed with a thorough sensitivity analysis. The results showed that as the size of the uncertainty set increased, the injection mass also increased. This reformulated approach can be applied to any WDS and provides a way to obtain optimal scheduling within the desired protection levels.
Decolorization of Melanoidin Using Sono–Fenton and Photo–Fenton Processes
Authors: Watcharenwong Apichon , Kongka Kawintra , Kaeokan Anusara , Chokejaroenrat Chanat , Sakulthaew Chainarong
Published: May 2023

Ethanol production wastewater contains high quantities of dark–brown pigments (melanoidin) that result in low color removal using conventional biological treatments. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are the most documented methods for reducing the color associated with melanoidin. This study examines the degradation of melanoidin using AOPs based on photo–Fenton, sono–Fenton, and sono–photo–Fenton processes. Their effects on decolorization were investigated based on light intensity, ultrasonic frequency, and the iron concentration (Fe2+)–to–H2O2 ratio. This study showed that ultrasonic waves and UV light result in a higher melanoidin decolorization efficiency than Fenton reactions alone. The initial color values were reduced from 5000–5500 ADMI to below 500 ADMI for both processes because the ultrasonic waves and ultraviolet light induced H2O2 breakdown into the 🞄OH radical. Reducing the color of the melanoidin using the photo–Fenton process resulted in a decolorization rate of 0.1126 min−1, which was higher than the rates of both the sono–Fenton and sono–photo–Fenton processes. These results provide proof that the photo–assisted Fenton process is more applicable to treating dye–contaminated water than are other enhancing approaches.
Investigation and Development of Textile Lightweight Bodies for Urban Logistic Vehicles
Authors: Edel Fabian , Pulkus Corinna , Kim Sarah , Erhardt Juergen , Kuijpens Sven
Published: May 2023

The urban logistic sector is struggling with the following two problems: a particularly high level of traffic and air pollution. For those reasons, small electric vehicles are the perfect technical solution to cope sustainably with the increasing parcel volume in urban areas. To compensate the weight disadvantage of electric drive, a textile lightweight solution for the body of logistics vehicles is examined in this study. Therefore, various textiles and mounting solutions are examined and developed, as well as tested by multiple testing procedures. The result of this work is an ideal combination of a textile and suitable mounting method for a textile lightweight body for last—mile logistic vehicles.
FIBRAS ALIMENTARES NO CONTROLE GLICÊMICO DE PACIENTES COM DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2: REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Veloso Jordania Feitoza , Cavalcanti Rafaella De Andrade Silva
Published: May 2023

Introdução: O Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 é denominado por uma hiperglicemia persistente, decorrente de um distúrbio metabólico causado por uma resistência insulínica por ineficiência na secreção ou ação desta. Objetivo: Verificar a eficácia das fibras alimentares no controle glicêmico de pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2. Método: Estudo de revisão bibliográfica, com artigos de 2015 a 2020, em portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online e selecionado na base de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online. Resultados: Foram demonstrados diferentes tipos de fibras alimentares em resposta ao controle glicêmico em diabéticos tipo 2. Na qual há evidências positivas das fibras solúveis sobre alguns parâmetros de diagnóstico, como também nenhuma redução significativa. Conclusão: Existem benefícios das fibras solúveis, porém são necessários mais estudos que avaliem os efeitos a longo prazo das fibras na melhora desses parâmetros e consequentemente no controle geral da doença.
The interlaboratory comparisons role in the Ukrainian metrology system functioning
Authors: Glebov Andrii , Dengub Olga
Published: May 2023

It is considered the usage of interlaboratory comparisons for the assuring of national metrology system functioning in the part of national measurement standards recognition (international standards comparisons), development and support the system of the units dissemination (the measurements methods evaluation and reference materials certification by interlaboratory experiment) and the calibration, testing and medical laboratories competence confirmation while their accreditation (proficiency testing). The information on valid European Proficiency Testing System EPTIS is presented. The programs for different types of laboratory studies are considered. The approaches to participants functioning evaluation are presented for the proficiency testing while calibration programs. The recommendations by international documents concerning laboratory activities monitoring reliability are presented.
Concepto de buen profesor en sistemas presenciales y a distancia. Análisis de grafos
Authors: Rosas Hernández Emmanuel Cristian , Hickman Rodríguez Hortensia , Bautista Díaz María Leticia , Cepeda Islas María Luisa , Alarcón Armendáriz Martha Elba
Published: May 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el significado otorgado de buen profesor por profesores y estudiantes universitarios pertenecientes a sistemas presenciales y a distancia. Se utilizó una muestra no probabilística y la técnica de redes semánticas como instrumento de recolección de datos. Para analizar la información, se emplearon métodos lineales y no lineales, basados en el análisis de grafos. Se elaboraron tres categorías genéricas de análisis, para ambos sistemas. Se encontró que los estudiantes y profesores de ambos sistemas difieren en cuanto a la jerarquía de las categorías y su contenido. Los estudiantes valoran los atributos personales sobre cualquier otra categoría, independientemente del sistema; mientras que los profesores sí hubo diferencias en el significado del constructo en función del sistema. Se señala la necesidad de diseñar estrategias de enseñanza de acuerdo con el sistema formativo.
Enseñanza virtual desde el enfoque de la calidad educativa
Authors: Cabrejos Chilge Gabriel Emigdio , Obed Isaías Matías Cristóbal , Benites Seguín Lucio Alfredo , Gálvez Montoya Paola Lili
Published: May 2023

La calidad educativa en América Latina se ha visto deteriorada durante la pandemia, por tanto, conocerla en este contexto es relevante. El objetivo fue interpretar la enseñanza virtual desde el enfoque de la calidad educativa (EVdFC). El método fue de enfoque cualitativo con metodología hermenéutica. El método fue interpretativo donde se usó la técnica de entrevista a través de una guía de preguntas semiestructuradas a entes educativos que se encontraban dando o recibiendo el servicio educativo a través de la virtualidad. Los resultados fueron: una categoría emergente, relacionada con la actualización y adaptación de un currículo que responda a los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible, que prepare a los nuevos profesionales con competencias adecuadas para el mundo laboral, mejora en los contenidos curriculares, uso de recursos digitales, adecuada infraestructura digital que garantice la calidad de la enseñanza y construcción de aprendizajes. En conclusión, es imperativo diversificar un currículo híbrido.
CyclosporinA derivative as therapeutic candidate for Alport syndrome by inducing mutant type IV collagen secretion
Authors: Kuwazuru Jun , Suico Mary Ann , Omachi Kohei , Kojima Haruka , Kamura Misato , Kaseda Shota , Kawahara Teppei , Hitora Yuki , Kato Hikaru , Tsukamoto Sachiko , Wada Mikiyo , Asano Toshifumi , Kotani Shunsuke , Nakajima Makoto , Misumi Shogo , Sannomiya Yuya , Horizono Jun , Koyama Yuimi , Owaki Aimi , Shuto Tsuyoshi , Kai Hirofumi
Published: May 2023

Background

Type IV collagen α3,4,5 (α345(IV)) is an obligate trimer that is secreted to form a collagen network, which is the structural foundation of basement membrane. Mutation in one of the genes (COL4A3, A4, A5) encoding these proteins underlies the progressive genetic nephropathy Alport syndrome (AS) due to deficiency in trimerization and/or secretion of the α345(IV) trimer. Thus, improving mutant α345(IV) trimerization and secretion could be a good therapeutic approach for AS.

Methods

Using the nanoluciferase-based platform that we previously developed to detect α345(IV) formation and secretion in HEK293T cells, we screened libraries of natural product extracts and compounds to find a candidate compound capable of increasing mutant α345(IV) secretion.

Results

The screening of >13,000 extracts and >600 compounds revealed that cyclosporin A (CsA) increased the secretion of mutant α345(IV)-G1244D. To elucidate the mechanism of the effect of CsA, we evaluated CsA derivatives with different ability to bind to calcineurin (Cn) and cyclophilin (Cyp). Alisporivir (ALV), which binds to Cyp but not to Cn, increased the trimer secretion of mutant α345(IV). Knockdown studies on Cyps showed that PPIF/CypD was involved in the trimer secretion-enhancing activity of CsA and ALV. We confirmed that other α345(IV) mutants are also responsive to CsA and ALV.

Conclusions

CsA was previously reported to improve proteinuria in AS patients, but due to its nephrotoxic effect, CsA is not recommended for treatment in AS patients. Our data raise the possibility that ALV could be a safer option than CsA. This study provides a novel therapeutic candidate for AS with an innovative mechanism of action, and reveals an aspect of the intracellular regulatory mechanism of α345(IV) that was previously unexplored.
Paradigmas de la inteligencia artificial en los nuevos escenarios de enseñanza y aprendizaje: Desafíos tecnológicos, pedagógicos y éticos
Authors: Flores-Vivar Jesús Miguel
Published: May 2023

El articulo trata, por una parte, el impacto de la Inteligencia Artificial en el campo de la enseñanza-aprendizaje virtual, analizando las características y complejidad de las diversas herramientas de IA que ya se vienen dando en distintos ámbitos de la educación. Por otra, hace hincapié en los desafíos que implica el uso de estas tecnologías emergentes que empiezan a converger con otras existentes como las plataformas virtuales LMS. Se reflexiona sobre las potencialidades que estas tecnologías encierran de cara al ámbito de la educación. La metodología utilizada se basa en la revisión documental de fuentes primarias y secundarias sobre el desarrollo de la Inteligencia Artificial y de su capacidad de acción en el ámbito educativo. En un segundo plano, se analiza algunas de las herramientas clave en los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje, reflexionando en las implicaciones éticas que, expertos y organizaciones de todo el mundo, vienen debatiendo. Los resultados obtenidos buscan incidir y profundizar en el uso de la IA conociendo la potencialidad de las herramientas, así como los retos que conlleva su uso y expansión en los contextos educativos.
Strukturna i toplinska svojstva
vegetabilno štavljene kože uz dodatak zeolita
Authors: Žuvela Bošnjak Franka , Flinčec Grgac Sandra
Published: May 2023

Proces štavljenja ima najvažniju ulogu u postizanju trajnosti kože, čemu pridonosi umrežavanje stabilizirajući trostruku spiralnu strukturu kolagena. Čvrstoća nastalih veza ovisi o vrsti sredstva za štavljenje. Zbog dobrih svojstava kože nakon štavljenja, kao i same učinkovitosti, danas se najčešće koriste mineralna štavna sredstva. Međutim, zbog ekoloških aspekata vegatabilno štavljenje još uvijek je značajno prisutno. Mehanizam stabilizacije vegetabilnih štavnih sredstava temelji se na vodikovim vezama između polifenola i kolagena. Posljednjih godina sintetski zeoliti korišteni su u predštavnom procesu proizvodnje "wet-white" koža bez kroma, pokazujući bolja svojstva od drugih metoda "wet-white" predštave. Proces nadoštave omogućuje proizvodnju kože različitih karakteristika i svojstava. Štavna svojstva sintetskih zeolita i njihova učinkovitost u iscrpljivanju kroma iz štavne kupelji već su istraživana. Kombinirana uporaba zeolita i kroma rezultira većim iscrpljenjem kupelji i višim temperaturama skupljanja u kraćem vremenu, nego kod konvencionalnog procesa kromnog štavljenja. U ovom radu istražena je mogućnost štavljenja goveđe kože primjenom vegetabilne štave uz dodatak zeolita. Analiza fizikalno-kemĳskih svojstava uzoraka izvedena je pomoću Fourierove transformacĳske infracrvene spektroskopĳe (FT-IR). Uzorci su podvrgnuti termogravimetrijskoj analizi (TGA) s ciljem praćenja toplinske stabilnosti tako štavljenog uzorka goveđe kože. Također su na tako pripremljenim uzorcima provedena ispitivanje otpornosti na savijanje metodom fleksometra prema HRN EN ISO 5402-1:2017, propusnost vodene pare prema HRN EN ISO 14268:2012 te je utvrđena rastezljivost uzoraka i čvrstoća površine uzoraka prema HRN EN ISO 3379:2015.
The Influence of TikTok on Young Generation in Vietnam
Authors: Truong Phi Hung , Kim Anh Dao
Published: May 2023

The Internet and its growth throughout these near decades have been unbelievable. Especially social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, Snapchat, or in this case, TikTok has outgrown some of the mainstream media like television, radio, or newspaper. TikTok is a multinational social media platform that mainly focuses on short clips and videos, which is open for anyone to post on the platform, somewhat like YouTube. TikTok videos vary from entertainment, sport, informational, fashion or even cooking videos. The platform allows their videos to spread to all continents, leading to the spreading quickly of any “viral” video. At the first sign, the platform seems to be an entertainment platform with no age restriction, due to the claim of the content restriction policy of TikTok. However, there are some downsides to this social media platform that people are slowly coming to realize, and these downsides are affecting the younger generation who use this platform almost every day. This research examines both positive and negative aspects of this social platform and the effects which it has on the younger generation in Vietnam. The research uses both qualitative and quantitative methods, which contain a list of questionnaires and open-ended questions. The purpose of the research is to make clear the influence of TikTok on the youth of Vietnam, which helps to form an opinion on whether the application is suitable for this generation.
Surgical Treatment of Posttraumatic Deformations of Zygomatico-Orbital Complex
Authors: Велитченко А.Н. , Ластовка А.С. , Павлов О.М.
Published: May 2023

Наличие посттравматических деформаций костей средней зоны лица приводит к эстетическим проблемам пациентов, меняет привычный внешний вид, во многих случаях приводит к функциональным нарушениям, прежде всего зрения. Учитывая постоянно возрастающие эстетические требования пациентов к своему внешнему виду, настоящее требует совершенствования хирургических методов лечения переломов костей средней зоны лица, в том числе с увеличением показаний к проведению остеосинтеза костей лицевого отдела черепа. Особенностью травмы костей средней зоны лица является наличие выраженных посттравматических отеков и гематом, которые мешают правильной оценке имеющейся костной деформации и тяжести повреждения костей лицевого отдела черепа. С другой стороны, использование хирургических методов лечения в виде репозиций без жесткой фиксации системами мини-пластин или микропластин нередко приводит к вторичным смещениям репонированныхкостных фрагментов, а также к возникновению вторичных деформаций.

The presence of posttraumatic deformities of midfacebones leads to aesthetic problems for patients, change the usual appearance, in many cases leads to functional disorders, primarily of vision. Given the ever-increasing aesthetic requirements of patients for their appearance, the present requires the improvement of surgical methods for treatment of fractures of midfacebones, including an increase in indications for osteosynthesisof bones of facial skull. A feature of trauma of midfacebones is the presence of pronounced posttraumatic edema and hematomas, which interfere with the correct assessment of the existing bone deformity and the severity of damage to bones of facial skull. On the other hand, the use of surgical methods of treatment in the form of repositions without rigid fixation by systems of mini-plates or micro-plates often leads to secondary displacements of the repositioned bone structures and also to occurrence of secondary deformities.
Tongue Cleaning in Oral Hygiene. Part 1
Authors: Попруженко Т.В. , Борис С.П.
Published: May 2023

Вопрос о чистке языка, время от времени задаваемый стоматологу, требует профессиональных, обстоятельных, не вполне очевидных ответов. Настоящий обзор соответствующей информации, почерпнутой в отечественных и зарубежных источниках, представлен в двух частях. В первой части приведены научные сведения о биологии налета на языке, а также систематизированы широко доступные потребителю суждения о социальных и медицинских задачах, предметах и методах чистки языка, изложены принципы безопасности механического контроля лингвального налета. Во второй части обзора будут представлены результаты анализа научных исследований эффективности чистки языка для решения тех или иных задач, описаны исторические и современные позиции стоматологических сообществ в отношении чистки языка.

The question about tongue cleaning, asked to dentist from time to time, requires professional, thorough, not quite obvious answers. This literature review from national and foreign sources is presented in two parts. The first part provides scientific information about the biology of lingual plaque, systematizes widely available for consumers judgments about the social and medical tasks, subjects and methods of tongue cleaning, outlined the safety principles of mechanical control of lingual plaque. The second part presents the results of scientific research analysis about effectiveness of tongue cleaning for certain tasks, historical and modern positions of the dental community regarding tongue cleaning.
THE STATE OF BONE METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS IN DIABETIC OSTEOPATHY
Authors: Gudarian O.O. , Cherednyk D.O.
Published: May 2023

Diagnosis of the state of bone metabolism in patients with generalized periodontitis burdened with type 2 diabetes is an important step in the complex of treatment and prevention measures for this pathology. The purpose of the study was to create evidence-diagnostic criteria for assessing and predicting the severity of the course of generalized periodontitis in diabetic osteopathy based on the study of the variability of bone remodeling. Research material and methods. In order to select homogeneous groups, a clinical and radiological examination of 166 patients with generalized periodontitis, associated and not associated with type 2 diabetes, was conducted. The age of the patients was in the range of 30-50 years (on average 42.5+- 2.34 years). Among them there were 99 (59.6 %) women and 67 (40.4 %) men. The degree of severity of generalized periodontitis was verified according to generally accepted clinical and radiological criteria outlined in modern and domestic classifications: 76 (45.8 %) patients had chronic generalized periodontitis and 90 (54.2 %) had chronic rapidly progressive periodontitis. The control group consisted of 19 almost healthy voluntary donors of similar age (on average 41.5+-2.7 years) and sex without endocrine pathology, with healthy periodontium and intact teeth. Research results and their discussion. Evaluation of the Hounsfield index and markers of bone metabolism in different groups of patients with generalized periodontitis in type 2 diabetes with average statistical analysis showed that they are directly correlated with the severity and the course of generalized periodontitis, the stage of compensation, the severity and duration of diabetes. Conclusions. The peculiarity of the clinical course of generalized periodontitis in type 2 diabetes mellitus, burdened by diabetic osteoporosis, is caused and manifested by a decrease in the bone structures of the periodontium in the processes of osteosynthesis and an increase in the intensity of bone resorption. A feature of the manifestation of rapidly progressive and chronic generalized periodontitis in diabetic osteopathy and without systemic pathology is the increase, independent of the clinical picture of the disease, of signs of osteoporosis activation and a decrease in osteosynthesis. To verify the activity of osteosynthesis and bone resorption in periodontal tissues, the following have predictive value: diagnosis of different directionality and intensity of bone remodeling based on the levels of quantitative content in blood serum of the levels of markers of bone metabolism.
EN AZ İKİ DOZ COVID-19 AŞI KAPSAYICILIK HIZI İLE VAKA İNSİDANSI ARASINDAKİ KORELASYONUN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: EKOLOJİK TİPTE BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: Erdal Deniz , Şaşmaz Caferi Tayyar
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ülkemizde COVID-19 aşılamasının toplumsal düzeyde etkisini değerlendirmek için, illere göre ikinci doz aşı kapsayıcılık hızı ile COVID-19 insidansı arasındaki korelasyonu değerlendirmektir. Ekolojik tipte planlanan bu çalışmada, Sağlık Bakanlığının yayınladığı, illere göre haftalık COVİD-19 insidansı ile kümülatif 2. doz COVID-19 aşı kapsayıcılık hız verileri kullanılmıştır. 04-10 Eylül 2021 haftası ile 19-25 Mart 2022 arasındaki 81 İl’e ait 29 haftalık verinin korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Haftalık insidans ve kümülatif 2. doz aşı kapsayıcılık hızları parametrik test koşullarını sağlamadığından Spearman korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır. 04-10 Eylül 2021 haftasında, illere göre haftalık insidans ile 2. doz aşı kapsayıcılık hızı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı zayıf negatif yönlü bir korelasyon (rho= –0,390, p<0,001) hesaplanmıştır. İlerleyen haftalarda korelasyonun yönü pozitife dönmüş olup 11-17 Aralık haftasında en yüksek seviyesine çıkmıştır (rho:0,739 p<0,001). Sonraki haftalarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olan pozitif korelasyonun 0,351 – 0,716 (p<0,01) arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak ülkemizde 2. doz COVID-19 aşı kapsayıcılık hızının artması ile vaka insidansı arasında kuvvetli bir pozitif korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuç, çalışma döneminde bulaştırıcılığı yüksek SarsCov-2 Omicron varyantının, baskın ve aşı bağışıklığından kaçması ile açıklanabilir.
МІХАЛ ГРАБОВСЬКИЙ ЯК ПЕРЕКЛАДАЧ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ НАРОДНОЇ ТВОРЧОСТІ
Authors: Андерсон Ірина
Published: May 2023

У статті розглянуто перекладені польською мовою українські козацькі думи та пісні зі збірки Михайла Максимовича 1834 року. Польський літературний критик, письменник доби романтизму, Міхал Грабовський у своїй найвідомішій праці «Література і критика» 1837 року підніс українську народну поезію на щабель зразків світової літератури, козацький епос прирівняв до лицарського епосу, а збірку українських народних пісень Михайла Максимовича визнав зібранням національних шедеврів літератури. Розглянуто такі віршовані пісні: «Ой на морі, на морі синьому», «Гомін, гомін по діброві», «Ой панове-молодці, відкіль ідете?», «Пісні про Свирговського», «Пісні про Морозенка», «Вітер гуде, трава шумить», «Пісня про Богданка», «Туман поле покриває», «Пісня Богуславцю (Гей із устя Дніпра)», «Про козака Байду (А в містечку славним Берестечку)», «А що в тій Чорногорі за вороні коні!», «Ой мала вдова сина сокола», «Наїхали козаки до Марусі в гості», «Повстання Наливайка», «Похід на поляків», «Про Хмельницького та Барабаша», «Про похід Хмельницького в Молдавію», а також думи «Про Івася Коновченка», «Чорноморська буря», «Про Федора Безродного» та «Втеча трьох братів з Азова».

Встановлено, що при перекладі Міхал Грабовський допустив такі погрішності в перекладених поезіях: порушення часового принципу, пропуск строф, недотримання малої / великої літери при тлумаченні, заміна категорії роду іменників, власні доповнення, неправильний переклад певних частин тіла, порушення граматичних форм, зокрема й недотримання правил передавання ступенів порівняння прикметників. Окрім того, не завжди влучно підібрано відповідники до семантики слів із оригіналу тексту, а також фразеологічних одиниць. Однак це жодним чином не применшує заслуги польського літературознавця та не є приводом недооцінювати його сміливий учинок, що мав на меті познайомити польськомовне суспільство з український фольклором.
ANTISEMITISM IN SOVIET UKRAINE: ORIGINS, CONTENT, CONSEQUENCES. HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: Vengerska Victoriуa , Mahaletska Kateryna
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze and systematize the scientific literature on the study of various aspects of Stalin's state policy of anti-Semitism implemented on Ukrainian lands in the Soviet era.
Methodology. The study used general scientific and special historical methods of scientific knowledge. This made it possible to study and generalize the historiography of anti-Semitism in the Soviet period of national history.
Scientific novelty. For the first time, modern studies of the phenomenon of Soviet anti-Semitism in the Ukrainian territories are systematized on the basis of the thematic principle. The reasons that complicated the process of researching the history of Ukrainian Jews in the Soviet period are analyzed. 
Conclusions. In modern historiography, the Jewish issue had to fight for its "place under the sun". The activation of researchers' attention to Judaica, the history of Jews and the Holocaust is associated with the 80-90s of the 20th century. Since the process of formation of Ukrainian historiography was just beginning in the 1990s, the Jewish theme did not immediately become its component. In recent years, the largest number of publications that have appeared in Ukraine are devoted to the problems of the Holocaust and Baby Yar, as its personification. Why was the Holocaust possible? Why did the choice of assimilation strategy not become salvation for the Jews? How did anti-Semitic sentiments grow in the conditions of Stalinist authoritarianism and why do they remain viable at the everyday level? Reflections, searches for answers to these and other questions are presented in modern Ukrainian and foreign historiography, some of them remain open, which preserves prospects for further research.
Back to Bayes-ics: Improving Universal Screening Decisions by Quantifying Uncertainty
Authors: Hall Garret , Doyle Emma
Published: May 2023

Universal screeners of academic skills in schools are intended to predict the probability of academic risk in an efficient and economical manner. Recent methods of calculating post-test risk probabilities (Klingbeil et al., 2019; 2021) have been demonstrated to be simple and efficient to calculate, improving data-based decision-making practices in schools. However, these methods do not leverage the full advantages of Bayesian statistical inference, thereby limiting the quantification of uncertainty in the calculation of posterior probabilities of risk. This could produce overly deterministic data-based decisions. Bayesian ordinal regression models (BORMs) are a fully Bayesian extension of existing posterior probability calculations, and they offer multiple potential advantages for enhancing universal screening practices in schools. Through simulations and an applied example using real screening data, we elucidate some of the issues around BORMs in screening, including potential strengths (e.g., multilevel modeling) and barriers to practice (difficulty of interpretation/implementation). We discuss how BORMs can further advance both research and practice of data-based decision making in universal screening in schools.
RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY IN GONARTHROSIS WITH AXIAL DEFORMATIONS OF KNEE JOINT
Authors: Osadchuk Taras , Kostogryz Oleh , Protsenko Volodymyr , Solonitsyn Yevgen
Published: May 2023

The study presents the experience of surgical treatment for deforming osteoarthritis of the knee joint of II-III stage, with axial deformations in 75 patients. Supracondylar varus resection osteotomies of the femur and supratuberous valgus osteotomies of the tibia were performed depending on the knee joint deformities. The results of these surgical interventions were evaluated according to the methods developed in our clinic. Good results were obtained in 74% of cases, satisfactory - in 26% of cases.