bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virtual fitting room technology: unleashing the transformative potential for fashion brands’ retail operational performance
Authors: Yu Junying , Xie Jiaxuan , Lu Honglin
Published: December 2024

Purpose

As a retail operation mode of emerging mixed reality (MR) technology, virtual fitting room (VFR) revolutionizes how consumers interact with fashion brands.

Design/methodology/approach

The research investigates the impact mechanisms of VFR technology through retail operational performance from the perspective of purchase intention and post-purchase intention. Around 783 valid questionnaires were collected using the questionnaire to analyze, including 327 VFR technology users and 394 VFR technology non-users.

Findings

The results indicate that visual vividness, interactive control and personalized provision of VFR technology positively influence the retail operational performance of fashion brands, except for the online purchase intention. The study further reveals that the influence of VFR technology on retail operational performance is carried by perceived value and technology attitude, with the moderating role of perceived body image.

Originality/value

These findings expand and enrich existing research on VFR technology, providing recommendations and valuable insights into widening the application and continuous improvement of VFR technology.
Strategic intersectional identity management strategies amidst identity threats: insights from U.S. Latina nonprofit CEOs
Authors: Erskine Samantha E. , Bonner Robert , Rabelo Verónica Caridad
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This study identifies the strategic intersectional identity management (SIIM) behaviors that Latina nonprofit CEOs engage in to navigate hegemonic spaces.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected via semi-structured life history interviews with Latina CEOs of nonprofit organizations and analyzed using critical race feminist thematic analysis grounded in critical race theory (CRT), Latinx Critical Legal (LatCrit) theory and feminist theory. Counterstorytelling methods reveal Latina CEOs’ SIIM behaviors and challenge dominant narratives of leadership.

Findings

Latina CEOs recounted experiences of identity threats and their identity manifestations and suppression strategies within five contexts: white supremacy hotbeds, liberal white supremacist spaces, pan-ethnic Latinx communities, white feminist spaces and women of color (WOC)-led workplaces.

Research limitations/implications

This study focuses on Latina CEOs of nonprofits, a distinct context which shares many similarities with for-profit CEO roles. We use a small sample size that, while appropriate for our methodology, limits generalizability.

Practical implications

This research provides valuable insights for practitioners, including board members, donors, staff and coalition partners. It highlights the need for changes in board development, funder education and transformative allyship among coalition partners.

Originality/value

This paper offers SIIM as a way to challenge monolithic constructions of Latinidad and advocates for intersectional analyses and nuance when studying and supporting Latina leaders.
Human-robot dynamics: a psychological insight into the ethics of social robotics
Authors: Boch Auxane , Thomas Bethany Rhea
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Social robotics is a rapidly growing application of artificial intelligence (AI) in society, encompassing an expanding range of applications. This paper aims to contribute to the ongoing integration of psychology into social robotics ethics by reviewing current theories and empirical findings related to human–robot interaction (HRI) and addressing critical points of contention within the ethics discourse.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors will explore the factors influencing the acceptance of social robots, explore the development of relationships between humans and robots and delve into three prominent controversies: deception, dehumanisation and violence.

Findings

The authors first propose design factors allowing for a positive interaction with the robot, and further discuss precise dimensions to evaluate when designing a social robot to ensure ethical design technology, building on the four ethical principles for trustworthy AI. The final section of this paper will outline and offer explicit recommendations for future research endeavours.

Originality/value

This paper provides originality and value to the field of social robotics ethics by integrating psychology into the ethical discourse and offering a comprehensive understanding of HRI. It introduces three ethical dimensions and provides recommendations for implementing them, contributing to the development of ethical design in social robots and trustworthy AI.
Personal value, employee impact and service quality delivery: the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior
Authors: Nuhu Muhammad Shaheer , Kamselem Kaltume Mohammed , Mustapha Maryam , Abdullahi Mohammed Sani
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This study aims to examine how employee empowerment (personal value and impact) influences the delivery of services quality (SQD). The study focused in particular on the mediating effects of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) on the link between employee empowerment (EE), personal value, employee impact and SQD.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 310 survey questionnaires were completed by the nursing employees working in the public hospitals in Nigeria. SEM-PLS was used to carry out the statistical analysis.

Findings

The findings of the study revealed that EE (personal value and employee impact) and OCB significantly affect SQD. The findings also indicate that OCB mediates the link between SQD and personal value, employee impact and SQD.

Practical implications

The results of this study shed light on the influence of employee personal value and impact and its influence on SQD. Public hospitals should therefore concentrate on recognizing, comprehending and implementing employee empowerment to improve employee nurses’ capacity to achieve higher SQD. Along with how the accepted hypotheses are confirmed, the implications of these findings for theory and practice are also discussed.

Originality/value

Even though SQD has become a well-developed theoretical concept, previous research has rarely addressed the framework suggested for the present study, particularly when it comes to health care. In the context of public health sector settings, this study may be the first to examine the mediating role of OCB between personal values, employee impact and SQD.
Perceived legitimacy of accounting reform in Latin America: the accountants’ perspective
Authors: Frisancho Gabriela Molina , Azevedo Ricardo Rocha de , Arroyo Morales Angélica , Varela Patricia Siqueira
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This research analyzes accountants’ perception of the normative legitimacy of accounting reforms in local governments across Latin America.

Design/methodology/approach

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 accountants from seven Latin American countries. This qualitative, inductive and interpretive study employs a comparative thematic analysis.

Findings

The results show that accountants in the analyzed Latin American countries have different perceptions about convergence to IPSAS and accounting standards legitimacy, which may affect IPSAS implementation and application in the countries.

Originality/value

The research focuses on the accountant’s perception as one of the agents of change in accounting reform. It offers an in-depth analysis of the IPSAS adoption process and highlights factors to consider in the development of the accounting reform.
Information provision on local industries by Japanese public libraries: a survey on cultural industry-focused corners
Authors: Aono Shota
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine how Japanese public libraries position and implement their services to provide information on cultural industries as local industries. Furthermore, the design characteristics of corners providing information on local industries and the potential and issues of services for contributing to the development of local industries were discussed.

Design/methodology/approach

Through qualitative content analysis of library and municipal publications and websites, the following perspectives were examined: description, background of collecting materials and relationship with the local government policies. Through direct observations of library corners, the following perspectives were examined: location of the library, location of the corner, library information resource arrangement and content and content without library information resources. The targets were the following three corners related to the cultural industry: animation corner, film materials room and Ningyo (Japanese doll) corner.

Findings

Regarding the design characteristics of corners, an intent to disseminate the appeal of local industries was particularly revealed. Regarding potential, cultural industries examined in this study are present in various and supporting cultural industries can promote development in these communities, even though traditional BI services may not be effective in some communities. Regarding issues, helping revitalize users and local businesses and collaboration with other organizations was inadequate.

Originality/value

This study provides suggestions for libraries to support local industries, expanding the concept of BI services, and has the potential to support communities that traditional BI services cannot cover.
A prosecutor's “ideal” sexual assault case: A mixed‐method approach to understanding sexual assault case processing
Authors: Ropp John W. , Lee Jacqueline G. , King Laura L. , Bostaph Lisa M. Growette
Published: December 2024

Research continues to explore factors that contribute to high rates of attrition among sexual assault cases. Comparatively little is known, however, about prosecutorial, as opposed to police, decision‐making in these cases. Using a mixed‐method approach to analyze (1) 175 case files from a midsize policing agency in the West with trained sexual assault investigators and (2) detailed prosecutor notes from 52 corresponding cases, we explore patterns in three key outcomes: (a) arrest, (b) referral for prosecution, and (c) charging. Logistic regression results indicate that fewer variables predicted case outcomes compared with previous studies, suggesting that specially trained officers may be more adept at dismissing “rape myth” factors. Qualitative analysis of prosecutorial case notes, however, revealed that prosecutors tended to compare specific case elements to an envisioned “ideal” case, which frequently aligned with some pervasive rape myths prevalent in society. Prosecutors focused heavily on convictability, anticipating how a potential jury would respond to the case. Although specially trained investigators may better disregard extralegal rape‐myth factors, these myths still plague decision‐making at the prosecutorial stage indirectly via concerns for juror interpretation of the facts. We find strong support for the “downstream” perspective of prosecutorial decision‐making.
Citizenship, legal status, and misdemeanor justice
Authors: Light Michael T. , Robey Jason P. , Kim Jungmyung
Published: December 2024

Although minor forms of criminal justice contact are increasingly used to identify immigration violators, little research has been conducted at the intersection of immigration and misdemeanor justice. As a result, citizenship remains undertheorized in punishment research and fundamental questions remain unanswered. In this article, we introduce the “crimmigrant” punishment framework to conceptualize the unique case processing consequences for non–U.S. citizens and undocumented immigrants. We then draw on rich case data from all misdemeanor arrests in Texas and California between 2006 and 2018 to establish four notable findings. (1) Misdemeanors are common and consequential. We observe more than 1.4 million misdemeanor arrests involving non–U.S. citizens, the overwhelming majority of which resulted in criminal charges and formal punishments. (2) The offenses that funnel noncitizens into the misdemeanor system are similar to those of U.S. citizens; however, we do observe an appreciable number of arrests linked to noncitizens’ legal status (e.g., giving false information). (3) Once in the misdemeanor system, noncitizens, and especially undocumented immigrants, are significantly more likely to be convicted and incarcerated compared with similarly situated U.S. citizens. (4) These disparities are more severe in Texas than in California.
Coexisting Tubulointerstitial Inflammation and Damage Is a Risk Factor for Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Jeong Hyemin , Choi Sung‐Eun , Kang Ji‐Hyoun , Lee Ji Shin , Choi Yoo‐Duk , Park Dong‐Jin , Lee Shin‐Seok
Published: December 2024

Objective

This study aims to determine whether the concurrent presence of tubulointerstitial inflammation (TII) and tubulointerstitial damage (TID) predicts the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods

Data from 175 LN patients, collected at the time of renal biopsy, were analyzed. Patients were stratified into two groups based on the presence or absence of coexisting TII/TID. Uni‐ and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were utilized to identify independent risk factors for CKD in LN patients.

Results

Of 175 patients, 110 (62.9%) exhibited coexisting TII/TID, whereas 65 (37.1%) did not. Patients with coexisting TII/TID tended to be older and presented with higher levels of ESR and 24‐h proteinuria, as well as lower levels of eGFR and hemoglobin compared to those without coexisting TII/TID. Over a mean follow‐up period of 89.9 months, CKD and end‐stage renal disease occurred more frequently in patients with coexisting TII/TID. Notably, the presence of coexisting TII/TID was associated with a higher risk of CKD progression, with adjusted hazard ratios of 2.667 (95% CI: 1.333, 5.335, p = 0.006) for all LN patients, 3.265 (95% CI: 1.451, 7.345, p = 0.004) for those with class III, IV, and V LN, and 3.045 (95% CI: 1.289, 7.195, p = 0.011) for those with class III, IV, V LN, and eGFR ≥ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2.

Conclusions

LN patients with coexisting TII/TID are at a heightened risk of kidney function deterioration at LN onset and subsequent development of CKD over the long term.
Rhizosphere regulation: Development and blueprint for soil‐borne disease suppression in strawberry
Authors: Kang Tao , Zhang Miaomiao , Xia Mingyang , Chen Kun , Zhai Yufang , Yan Baobao , Wang Yupeng , Wu Hongmiao
Published: December 2024

Strawberry is an important economic crop in China, but it is seriously impacted by soil‐borne diseases. In recent years, the intensification and monoculture of strawberry planting have exacerbated the occurrence of diseases, which pose a serious threat to the development of the strawberry industry. This study focused on the current research on strawberry major fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases and insect pests that occur during strawberry cultivation. The potential roles of ecological prevention and control strategies in alleviating strawberry diseases, such as high‐temperature soil solarization, chemical fumigation, reductive soil disinfestation, diversified crop cultivation, biochar amendment, wormcast improvement, and synthetic microbial community improvement, were analyzed. This study highlighted that research should focus on the rhizosphere ecology perspective and healthy soil, screening highly efficient stress‐resistant, disease‐resistant, and growth‐promoting microorganisms and constructing a functionally complementary and stable synthetic community. The collaborative efficiency of healthy soil in promoting cooperation between exogenous and indigenous microorganisms should be comprehensively studied. Furthermore, a variety of strategies that combine rhizosphere regulation to alleviate the continuous cropping obstacles in strawberries should be adopted, aiming to provide references for the ecological prevention and control of diseases in crops and the high‐quality development of the industry.
External cephalic version in nonvertex second twin—Success rate, mode of delivery, and safety: A systematic review
Authors: Dymon Miłosz , Ciebiera Michał , Zgliczyńska Magdalena , Siergiej Małgorzata , Kociuba Jakub , Szajnik Marta
Published: December 2024

Introduction

One of the key challenges regarding the management of twins involves choosing the optimal mode of delivery, which is strongly influenced by the final presentation of both fetuses. In cases of vertex–nonvertex pregnancies attempting the trial of vaginal delivery, external cephalic version (ECV) is one of possible management options. The main objective of this review was to collect and summarize available data in terms of the application of ECV in the population of nonvertex second twins.

Material and Methods

Using the PRISMA guidelines, we searched for original, English‐language studies investigating ECV in nonvertex second twins. The PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and COCHRANE databases were searched until May 2024. Reviews, case reports, editorials, and conference papers were excluded from further analysis. Out of 260 papers retrieved, 10 were subjected to the final analysis in terms of success rates, modes of delivery, and adverse outcomes.

Results

The total number of ECVs was 289, with an overall success rate of 64.4%. In the group of successful versions, vertex vaginal delivery was achieved in 171 cases (91.9%). The incidence of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes was low.

Conclusions

The purpose of this review was to consolidate and update the current knowledge regarding ECV in nonvertex second twins. Based on the results of this series of studies, ECV appears to be a reasonable management option. However, it is important to highlight several significant limitations. The primary concern is the lack of recent research in this field over the past three decades, with the most recent study in our review being published in 1998. Furthermore, the actual number of studies addressing this topic is relatively low, characterized by a retrospective nature and questionable methodologies. These limitations make it challenging to draw definitive conclusions for clinical practice. This is an important message for our community, emphasizing the need for further studies in this area, particularly randomized controlled trials, to evaluate the safety and success rate of vaginal twin delivery after ECV when the second twin presents in a nonvertex position.
A challenge to identity: Identity processing style and moral injury
Authors: James Kari E. , McKimmie Blake M. , Maccallum Fiona
Published: December 2024

Moral injury is a potentially deleterious mental health outcome that can result from exposure to morally challenging events. Treatment of moral injury is currently hindered by incomplete understanding of its underlying mechanisms. Theories of adaptation posit that maintaining a coherent sense of self while realigning one's sense of self with reality aids in adaptation following a disruptive life event. Differences in identity processing style are thought to impact the extent to which an individual engages with the challenges of maintaining a coherent sense of self following identity‐related challenges. However, little is known about how identity processing style relates to moral injury event‐related distress. This study sought to investigate a hypothesized relationship between identity processing style and event‐related distress as well as alternative outcomes including traumatic stress, depression and anxiety. Adults (N = 167) who had been exposed to a potentially morally injurious event were recruited online and completed validated measures of event‐related distress, traumatic stress, depression, anxiety and identity processing style. There were significant positive associations between diffuse‐avoidant processing and all mental health outcomes, no significant associations between informational processing and any mental health outcomes, and significant negative associations between normative processing and event‐related distress and depression.
Effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of an app and rewards‐based intervention in type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Finkelstein Eric Andrew , Gardner Daphne Su‐Lyn , Tham Kwang Wei , Gandhi Mihir , Cheung Yin Bun , Bairavi Joann , Lee Chun Fan , Tan Ngiap Chuan , Yeoh Ester , Lee Phong Ching , Ho Emily Tse Lin , Adamjee Thofique , Bee Yong Mong , Goh Su‐Yen
Published: December 2024

Aim

Digital health interventions and economic incentives have shown promise in facilitating diabetes self‐management, though evidence is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of a comprehensive app‐based diabetes self‐management programme with rewards for healthy behaviours and health outcomes.

Materials and Methods

The TRIal to slow the Progression Of Diabetes (TRIPOD) study was an open‐label, parallel‐group, randomised controlled trial conducted at Duke‐NUS Medical School, Singapore. Adults with Type 2 Diabetes (diabetes), HbA1c of 7.5%‐11.0% (inclusive) and taking at least one oral diabetes medication were eligible. In total, 269 participants were randomised across three arms [Usual care (UC): 117, diabetes management programme (DMP) (intervention without rewards): 36, DMP+ (intervention with rewards): 116]. Data were analysed using intention‐to‐treat analysis with change in HbA1c at month 12 between DMP+ and UC as the primary outcome. Cost‐effectiveness of DMP+ relative to UC was also calculated.

Results

Mean HbA1c improved by 0.1% in UC and by 0.5% in DMP+ at 12 months, revealing a mean difference of 0.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): −0.70, −0.08, p = 0.015). The odds ratio of HbA1c improvements of >0.5% was 2.12 (95% CI: 1.17, 3.85, p = 0.013) for DMP+ relative to UC. The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of DMP+ relative to UC was SGD8,516 (USD6,531) per quality‐adjusted life year gained if effectiveness could be maintained with a single year of intervention.

Conclusions

A comprehensive app‐based diabetes self‐management programme with rewards for healthy behaviours and health outcomes (DMP+) cost‐effectively improved glycaemic control in Type 2 diabetes patients. Organizations focusing on value‐based healthcare should consider subsidising similar interventions.
The fibrosis investigating navigator in diabetes (FIND): A tool to predict liver fibrosis risk in subjects with diabetes
Authors: Li Mingkai , Yu Hongsheng , Wan Sizhe , Hu Fulan , Luo Qingtian , Gong Wei
Published: December 2024

Background

Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer. Noninvasive and early assessment of liver fibrosis is essential. We aimed to develop a score to aid in the initial assessment of liver fibrosis in the diabetic population.

Methods

A fibrosis investigating navigator in diabetes (FIND) score was developed and validated in the NHANES dataset (2017–2020). Fibrosis was defined as a liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥8.0 kPa. The diagnostic accuracies of FIB‐4, NFS, LiverRisk, steatosis‐associated fibrosis estimator (SAFE) and metabolic dysfunction–associated fibrosis (MAF‐5) were compared. FIND was also externally validated in various liver diseases via biopsy as a reference in an Asian centre between 2016 and 2020. Finally, we examined the prognostic implications of the FIND index utilizing data from the UK Biobank cohort (2006–2010).

Results

The FIND score model yielded an AUROC of 0.781 for the prediction of an LSM ≥8 kPa in the validation set, which was consistently greater than that of other available models (all p < 0.05). In the whole NHANES dataset, the 85% sensitivity cut‐off of 0.16 corresponded to a NPV of 91.9%, whereas the 85% specificity cut‐off of 0.31 corresponded to a PPV of 50.6%. FIND displayed overall accuracies similar to those of the other models in staging fibrosis stages, with biopsy used as a reference. In the UK Biobank cohort, FIND >0.31 was associated with an increased risk of all‐cause and liver‐related mortality in the diabetic population in adjusted models (HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.62–1.89; HR, 23.59; 95% CI, 13.67–40.69).

Conclusions

In diabetes patients, the novel FIND score performs well in identifying subjects at risk of liver fibrosis and predicting all‐cause and liver‐related mortality.
Advances in Microbiome‐Based Therapeutics for Dermatological Disorders: Current Insights and Future Directions
Authors: Madaan Tushar , Doan Kyla , Hartman Alexandra , Gherardini Dominick , Ventrola Alec , Zhang Yuhang , Kotagiri Nalinikanth
Published: December 2024

The human skin hosts an estimated 1000 bacterial species that are essential for maintaining skin health. Extensive clinical and preclinical studies have established the significant role of the skin microbiome in dermatological disorders such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, diabetic foot ulcers, hidradenitis suppurativa and skin cancers. In these conditions, the skin microbiome is not only altered but, in some cases, implicated in disease pathophysiology. Microbiome‐based therapies (MBTs) represent an emerging category of live biotherapeutic products with tremendous potential as a novel intervention platform for skin diseases. Beyond using established wild‐type strains native to the skin, these therapies can be enhanced to express targeted therapeutic molecules, offering more tailored treatment approaches. This review explores the role of the skin microbiome in various common skin disorders, with a particular focus on the development and therapeutic potential of MBTs for treating these conditions.
Rewarding excellence: the 2024 FEBS Journal Richard Perham prize
Authors: Minshull Thomas , Khawaja Hajrah , Martin Seamus , Hmeljak Julija
Published: December 2024

This editorial highlights and celebrates the winner of the 2024 Richard Perham prize. This was selected from shortlisted original articles that were published in The FEBS Journal in 2023 and received prize nominations from the Editorial Board. The winning paper, by Matteo Brindisi, Luca Frattaruolo, Federica Sotgia, Michael P Lisanti, Anna Rita Cappello and colleagues, shows how high cholesterol levels promote breast cancer aggressiveness.
FAHD1 and mitochondrial metabolism: a decade of pioneering discoveries
Authors: Cappuccio Elia , Holzknecht Max , Petit Michèle , Heberle Anne , Rytchenko Yana , Seretis Athanasios , Pierri Ciro L. , Gstach Hubert , Jansen‐Dürr Pidder , Weiss Alexander K. H.
Published: December 2024

This review consolidates a decade of research on fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase domain containing protein 1 (FAHD1), a mitochondrial oxaloacetate tautomerase and decarboxylase with profound implications in cellular metabolism. Despite its critical role as a regulator in mitochondrial metabolism, FAHD1 has remained an often‐overlooked enzyme in broader discussions of mitochondrial function. After more than 12 years of research, it is increasingly clear that FAHD1's contributions to cellular metabolism, oxidative stress regulation, and disease processes such as cancer and aging warrant recognition in both textbooks and comprehensive reviews. The review delves into the broader implications of FAHD1 in mitochondrial function, emphasizing its roles in mitigating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and regulating complex II activity, particularly in cancer cells. This enzyme's significance is further highlighted in the context of aging, where FAHD1's activity has been shown to influence cellular senescence, mitochondrial quality control, and the aging process. Moreover, FAHD1's involvement in glutamine metabolism and its impact on cancer cell proliferation, particularly in aggressive breast cancer subtypes, underscores its potential as a therapeutic target. In addition to providing a comprehensive account of FAHD1's biochemical properties and structural insights, the review integrates emerging hypotheses regarding its role in metabolic reprogramming, immune regulation, and mitochondrial dynamics. By establishing a detailed understanding of FAHD1's physiological roles and therapeutic potential, this work advocates for FAHD1's recognition in foundational texts and resources, marking a pivotal step in its integration into mainstream metabolic research and clinical applications in treating metabolic disorders, cancer, and age‐related diseases.
Drivers and Annual Totals of Methane Emissions From Dutch Peatlands
Authors: Buzacott Alexander J. V. , Kruijt Bart , Bataille Laurent , van Giersbergen Quint , Heuts Tom S. , Fritz Christian , Nouta Reinder , Erkens Gilles , Boonman Jim , van den Berg Merit , van Huissteden Jacobus , van der Velde Ype
Published: December 2024

Rewetting peatlands is required to limit carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, however, raising the groundwater level (GWL) will strongly increase the chance of methane (CH4) emissions which has a higher radiative forcing than CO2. Data sets of CH4 from different rewetting strategies and natural systems are scarce, and quantification and an understanding of the main drivers of CH4 emissions are needed to make effective peatland rewetting decisions. We present a large data set of CH4 fluxes (FCH4) measured across 16 sites with eddy covariance on Dutch peatlands. Sites were classified into six land uses, which also determined their vegetation and GWL range. We investigated the principal drivers of emissions and gapfilled the data using machine learning (ML) to derive annual totals. In addition, Shapley values were used to understand the importance of drivers to ML model predictions. The data showed the typical controls of FCH4 where temperature and the GWL were the dominant factors, however, some relationships were dependent on land use and the vegetation present. There was a clear average increase in FCH4 with increasing GWLs, with the highest emissions occurring at GWLs near the surface. Soil temperature was the single most important predictor for ML gapfilling but the Shapley values revealed the multi‐driver dependency of FCH4. Mean annual FCH4 totals across all land uses ranged from 90 ± 11 to 632 ± 65 kg CH4 ha−1 year−1 and were on average highest for semi‐natural land uses, followed by paludiculture, lake, wet grassland and pasture with water infiltration system. The mean annual flux was strongly correlated with the mean annual GWL (R2 = 0.80). The greenhouse gas balance of our sites still needs to be estimated to determine the net climate impact, however, our results indicate that considerable rates of CO2 uptake and long‐term storage are required to fully offset the emissions of CH4 from land uses with high GWLs.
Resilience Indicators for Tropical Rainforests in a Dynamic Vegetation Model
Authors: Bathiany Sebastian , Nian Da , Drüke Markus , Boers Niklas
Published: December 2024

Tropical forests and particularly the Amazon rainforest have been identified as potential tipping elements in the Earth system. According to a dynamical systems theory, a decline in forest resilience preceding a potential shift to a savanna‐like biome could manifest as increasing autocorrelation of biomass time series. Recent satellite records indeed exhibit such a trend and also show larger autocorrelation, indicative of reduced resilience, in drier forest regions. However, it is unclear which processes underlie these observational findings and on which scales they operate. Here, we investigate which processes determine tropical forest resilience in the stand‐alone, state‐of‐the‐art dynamic global vegetation model LPJmL. We find that autocorrelation is higher in dry climates than wet climates (approx. 0.75 vs. 0.2, for a lag of 10 years), which qualitatively agrees with observations. By constructing a reduced version of LPJmL and by disabling and enabling certain processes in the model, we show that (i) this pattern is associated with population dynamics operating on different time scales in different climates and (ii) that the pattern is sensitive to the allocation of carbon to different pools, especially in years of stress. Both processes are highly uncertain, oversimplified or even lacking in most Earth system models. Our results indicate that the observed spatial variations and trends in vegetation resilience indicators may be explained by local physiological and ecological mechanisms alone, without climate–vegetation feedbacks. In principle, this is consistent with the view that the Amazon rainforest is responding to climate change locally and does not necessarily need to approach one large‐scale tipping point, although the latter cannot be ruled out based on our findings.
The Influence of Submission Devices on User‐Generated Content—A Systematic Literature Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Wolf Lukas , Madlberger Maria
Published: December 2024

In today's ever‐changing and modern world, user‐generated content (UGC) on the internet exerts a significant influence on consumers. Therefore, understanding UGC and its design is of great interest to researchers and practitioners alike. One examined factor influencing UGC is the submission device, such as the smartphone, tablet, or laptop. Despite digital devices offering similar capabilities for content creation and submission, they differ substantially in their characteristics, including screen size, user interface, and usage context. This study conducts a framework‐based systematic literature review on the influence of submission devices on UGC. Through a comprehensive descriptive analysis, the authors examine the theories, contexts, and methods used, offering a structured overview of current research. In a subsequent weight analysis and meta‐analysis, the strength and combined effect sizes of the relationships studied are illustrated and an insight into moderators that explain result variations is provided. The findings reveal that the choice of submission device (mobile vs. nonmobile) exerts a multi‐faceted influence on the creation of UGC. Mobile devices, as opposed to nonmobile devices, demonstrate a significant and moderate negative impact on temporal distance, text length, and diversity of UGC across studies. This analysis clarifies previous inconsistencies and establishes the robustness of specific relationships, providing practical recommendations for managers to adapt marketing strategies for different digital devices.
Prediction Model of the Temporal Dynamics of Severe Pest Cashew Anacampsis phytomiella Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Pancieri Guilherme Pratissoli , Mota Maria do Socorro Cavalcante de Souza , Paes Jhersyka da Silva , Sant'Ana Letícia Caroline da Silva , Soares Juliana Magalhães , das Graças do Carmo Daiane , da Silva Ricardo Siqueira , Picanço Marcelo Coutinho
Published: December 2024

The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) is a tropical plant that yields the world's most consumed nut. Anacampsis phytomiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is the primary pest that infests cashew nuts, leading to losses of up to 80%. The comprehension of the spatiotemporal dynamics of pests enables enhanced planning of sampling and control methods. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are computational models in machine learning with high predictive capability. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine a seasonal dynamic model of A. phytomiella using ANNs. Over 3 years, the pest attack intensity and climatic elements were monitored in two cashew orchards. A total of 1716 ANN models were determined. The model predictors included the time of plant fruiting, average air temperature, dew point, atmospheric pressure and rainfall. The temperature, atmospheric pressure and time of plant fruiting had a positive effect on pest infestation, while the opposite occurred with rainfall. The pest infestation curve in relation to the dew point exhibited a point of maximum. The model successfully predicted the intensity of A. phytomiella infestation across different years, plant fruiting stages and pest densities. Therefore, the ANN model determined in this study is promising for predicting the intensity of A. phytomiella infestation in cashew orchards.
18S rRNA Metagenomic Analysis of Nodular Gill Disease in Swiss Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Wynne James W. , English Chloe J. , Vannetti Stefania M. , Rigby Megan , Quezada‐Rodriguez Petra R. , Knüsel Ralph , Huynh Christine , Schmidt‐Posthaus Heike
Published: December 2024

Nodular gill disease (NGD) is a serious proliferative gill condition that affects farmed salmonids, particularly in Europe. While the cause of NGD remains unknown (and maybe multifactorial), various amoebae are often isolated from the gills of affected fish and can in some cases be seen associated with lesions by histopathology. The present study aimed to quantify the abundance of different amoeba species directly from the gills of rainbow trout affected by NGD and healthy controls. An 18S rRNA amplicon metagenomic approach was employed to profile the diversity and abundance of micro‐eukaryotes (including amoebae) while suppressing the amplification of host DNA using a salmonid‐specific C3 spacer blocking primer. The 18S rRNA metagenomics approach identified a diversity of micro‐eukaryotes on the gills of rainbow trout, including the phylum's Amoebozoa, Diatomea, Platyhelminthes and Ciliophora. Rainbow trout clinically affected by NGD had a significantly higher abundance of a specific sequence (zOTU2) classified as Vannella sp. compared to healthy controls. A quantitative PCR assay was then developed and validated which accurately quantified the abundance of this Vannella sp. sequence from a NGD outbreak in a Swiss rainbow trout farm. Additional PCR and Sanger sequencing analysis of the zOTU2 sequence demonstrated that this sequence is most likely derived from Vannella mustalahtiana. Our study highlights the potential role of Vannella mustalahtiana in NGD in Switzerland and further describes a specific and validated diagnostic PCR assay for accurate detection of this Vannella species.
Comparison of three different satellite data on 2D flood modeling using HEC‐RAS (5.0.7) software and investigating the improvement ability of the RAS Mapper tool
Authors: Kaya Yunus Ziya , Üneş Fatih
Published: December 2024

Flood modeling is essential to determine and protect vulnerable areas. However, due to complexity of flooding, it is challenging to model floods with a high level of sensitivity. While many factors affect flood models' accuracy, topography is among the most critical. With developing technologies, designing high‐accuracy topographical data is becoming more feasible, especially for small catchments. In this study, the authors focus on macro‐scale modeling using different types of satellite data across the Amik Plain; a large plain with a complex stream network. SRTM, Aster, and Alos Palsar satellite data were used to create digital terrain models (DTMs). The pre‐evaluation of the results showed that even the main streams in the Amik Plain were not visible. So, the geometry of the streams was created and added to the digital elevation models using the HEC‐RAS software RAS Mapper tool. A flood in 2012 was simulated using all three improved DTMs. As a result, it is seen that an enhanced version of the DTM created from SRTM data provides the best performance for use in macro‐scale flood modeling. The usage of the RAS Mapper tool as a GIS tool also performed well in the case of DTM improvements. The DTM improvements on the satellite data for the large plains can give a fairly reasonable output instead of using high‐cost sensitive data.
The ubiquitination degradation of KLF15 mediated by WSB2 promotes lipogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via inhibiting PDLIM2 expression
Authors: Chen Jing , Chen Xuemin , Cai Huihua , Yang Yong , Zhu Qinqin , Sun Donglin , Gao Cao
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim

Krüppel‐like factors15 (KLF15) is a cancer suppressor in many cancers. However, its precise function in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Lipogenesis is necessary for the development of HCC. This research aims to investigate the role of KLF15 in the regulation of hepatic lipid production and HCC progression.

Methods

The binding relationships among genes were confirmed by ChIP, dual luciferase assays, and Co‐IP. Lipogenesis was examined by oil red O staining. Triglyceride and cholesterol levels were measured through commercial kits. The effect of treatment on HCC cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion were assessed using CCK‐8, clone formation, or transwell assays. A subcutaneous tumorigenic model was utilized to explore the effects of PDLIM2 in HCC in vivo.

Results

KLF15 were downregulated in human HCC tissues. KLF15 overexpression reduced lipid droplet production, suppressed the expression of genes associated with lipogenesis, and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. KLF15 suppressed the NF‐κB pathway through transcriptional activation of PDLIM2. PDLIM2 knockdown attenuated the effect of KLF15 overexpression on HCC. WSB2 degraded KLF15 through ubiquitination to promote HCC lipogenesis and development.

Conclusion

The ubiquitination degradation of KLF15 was mediated by WSB2, which led to transcriptional repression of PDLIM2 and further activation of the NF‐κB pathway, ultimately promoting HCC lipogenesis and development.
Plasma brain‐derived tau correlates with cerebral infarct volume
Authors: Gonzalez‐Ortiz Fernando , Holmegaard Lukas , Andersson Björn , Brännmark Cecilia , Blomstrand Christian , Zetterberg Henrik , Jood Katarina , Blennow Kaj , Jern Christina , Stanne Tara M.
Published: December 2024

Background

A blood‐based biomarker that accurately reflects neuronal injury in acute ischemic stroke could be an easily accessible and cost‐effective complement to clinical and radiological evaluation. Here, we investigate whether plasma levels of the novel biomarker brain‐derived tau (BD‐tau) reflect cerebral infarct volumes and whether BD‐tau can improve clinical outcome prediction.

Methods

The present study included 713 consecutive cases from two different hospital‐based cohorts, the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke (SAHLSIS) and SAHLSIS phase 2 (SAHLSIS2). Acute stroke severity was determined by the Scandinavian Stroke Scale converted to the National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) in SAHLSIS and by the NIHSS in SAHLSIS2. All participants were assessed for functional outcome 3 months after stroke by the modified Rankin Scale, and 254 participants in SAHLSIS had quantitative neuroimaging available.

Findings

Plasma BD‐tau concentrations and cerebral infarct volumes were highly correlated (ρ 0.72, p < 0.001). BD‐tau improved the prognostic accuracy of suffering an unfavorable outcome over age and stroke severity in the whole cohort. However, the gain in predictive power was dependent on stroke severity and infarct location. The largest improvement was observed for mild ischemic strokes (NIHSS <5; area under the curve [AUC] = 0.73 for age + NIHSS versus AUC = 0.84 with addition of BD‐tau; DeLong p 0.02), posterior circulation stroke (AUC = 0.75 vs. AUC = 0.84; DeLong p 0.06) and more specifically for infarcts in the brainstem/cerebellum (AUC = 0.74 vs. 0.87; DeLong p 0.009).

Conclusion

Plasma BD‐tau can provide information on the extent of acute neuronal damage in ischemic stroke and adds prognostic value for outcome, especially for mild and posterior circulation strokes.
Impact of internet addiction and gaming disorder on body weight in children and adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Che Mokhtar Mushira , McGee Richard
Published: December 2024

Aim

Internet use and gaming have increased in daily life. Internet addiction has not been recognised in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition or 11th Revision of International Classification of Diseases despite gaming addiction having been listed since 2013. Previous studies have shown an association between internet use and weight gain or disordered eating patterns in the general population, however none have addressed this association in a paediatric population. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between internet addiction or gaming addiction and weight in children and adolescents under 18 years of age.

Methods

A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted, and articles were screened for relevance. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) 3 critical appraisal tool was used to assess quality of studies. Due to heterogeneity of the studies, a meta‐analysis could not be performed, thus a narrative summary was performed with the results summarised and tabulated.

Results

Of 8114 initial articles identified, we included 14 studies. The review produced inconsistent results, with three of the 14 studies demonstrating no statistically significant relationship between internet and/or gaming addiction and obesity. The remaining 11 studies showed a statistically significant positive association. One study demonstrated that those who are underweight as well as overweight and obese were more likely to have problematic internet use. Four articles demonstrated increased rates of poor nutritional habits, poor eating patterns and weight control behaviour in children and adolescents with internet addiction or gaming disorder. Another study showed no statistically significant association between internet addiction and disordered eating or eating disorder.

Conclusion

Most of the available studies revealed increased rates of obesity in children and adolescents with internet addiction or gaming disorder, with poor patterns of eating. Clearer definitions and consistent use of terminology are required to enable more robust research in this field.
Effect of using a kaleidoscope projector and matching cards on fear and vital signs in children aged 3–6 years receiving inhaled medication
Authors: Korkmaz Burcu , Karakul Atiye , Sönmez Düzkaya Duygu
Published: December 2024

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the use of projector kaleidoscope and matching card on children's fear and physiological parameters in children aged 3–6 years receiving inhaled medication.

Methods

This randomised controlled study was conducted with the guidelines of Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT). The sample of children was allocated to the projector kaleidoscope group (n = 38), matching card group (n = 38) and control group (n = 38). Fear and vital signs were measured.

Results

In the study, the mean age of the children in the projector kaleidoscope group was 4.39 ± 1.10, the mean age of the children in the matching card group was 4.34 ± 0.96 and the mean age of the children in the control group was 4.28 ± 1.18. There was a statistically significant difference between the post‐test scores of the Children's Fear Scale in the evaluation of parents and nurses according to the groups of children. There was a statistically significant difference between the respiratory post‐test scores according to the groups of children. It was observed that the mean heart rate of the control group participants was higher than that of the children in the matching card group. There were no statistically significant differences in the post‐test saturation values among the groups of children.

Conclusion

It was observed that the projector kaleidoscope and matching card reduced fear and prevented increased respiratory rate in children receiving inhaler medication. In addition, it was determined that matching card had more effect on heart and respiratory rate than projector kaleidoscope.