bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-scale in vivo imaging of tumour development using a germline conditional triple-reporter system
Authors: Dzien Piotr , Iraolagoitia Ximena Raffo , May Stephanie , Stevenson David , McGarry Lynn , Soloviev Dmitry , Brown Gavin , Nixon Colin , Kapeni Chrysa , Roche Maike De La , Blyth Karen , Lyons Scott , Bird Thomas , Strathdee Douglas , Fruhwirth Gilbert , Carlin Leo , Lewis David
Published: April 2024

Imaging reporter genes are indispensable for visualising biological processes in living subjects, particularly in cancer research where they have been used to observe tumour development, cancer cell dissemination, and treatment response. Engineering reporter genes into the germline frequently involves single imaging modality reporters operating over limited spatial scales. To address these limitations, we developed an inducible triple-reporter mouse model (Rosa26LSL − NRL) that integrates reporters for complementary imaging modalities, fluorescence, bioluminescence and positron emission tomography (PET), along with inducible Cre-lox functionality for precise spatiotemporal control of reporter expression. We demonstrated robust reporter inducibility across various tissues in the Rosa26LSL − NRL mouse, facilitating effective tracking and characterisation of tumours in liver and lung cancer mouse models. We precisely pinpointed tumour location using multimodal whole-body imaging which guided in situ lung microscopy to visualise cell-cell interactions within the tumour microenvironment. The triple-reporter system establishes a robust new platform technology for multi-scale investigation of biological processes within whole animals, enabling tissue-specific and sensitive cell tracking, spanning from the whole-body to cellular scales.
Bone Tissue Remodeling and the Antioxidant System Potential in Early Gonarthrosis
Authors: Belova Svetlana V. , Gladkova Ekaterina V. , Blinnikova Veronika V. , Ulyanov Vladimir Yu.
Published: April 2024

The aim of this research was to study bone remodeling and antioxidant potential features in patients with early manifestations of primary gonarthrosis.
This research involved 53 patients (19 men and 34 women) aged 35-50 years with early manifestations of primary gonarthrosis. 24 donors of both genders without significant clinical symptoms of the disease made up the control group. All individuals included in the study underwent X-ray, ultrasound, and MRI examinations of their knee joints. The bone remodeling condition was assessed based on the serum concentrations of bone formation markers (osteocalcin (OC)) and resorption (pyridinoline (PYD)). The antioxidant serum potential was determined by catalase (CAT) activity, total superoxide dismutase activity (SOD/Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe) and totel antioxidant status/capacity(TAS/TAC). The intensity of free radical oxidation processes was assessed by the serum content of lipid hydroperoxides (LPO).
Our tests revealed higher PYD and OS concentrations compared with those in the controls. We also observed an increased of SOD/Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe activity as well as a decreased CAT activity along with a slight decrease in TAS/TAC indicators and an intensified free radical oxidation featured by higher LPO rates in the patients.
Thus, all examined patients featured the signs of negatively altered bone remodeling determined by the increased values ​​of bone formation (OS) and resorption (PYD) markers. We found the deficit of antioxidant potential that involved an increase in the total SOD/Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe activity, weakening of CAT functional capacity to neutralize the toxic properties of hydrogen peroxide along with a slight decrease in the overall TAS/TAC activity that suggests the presence of adaptive reserve in early gonarthrosis patients. This, in general, requires pathogenetic correction with antioxidant drugs.
Oral health risks in users of new generation nicotine/tobacco products (NGPs): Systematic review and qualitative meta-analyses
Authors: Scherer Gerhard , Pluym Nikola , Scherer Max
Published: April 2024

Background Use of traditional tobacco products, including combustible cigarettes (CCs) and smokeless oral products, is an established risk factor for various oral diseases. A potential oral health risk of using new generation tobacco/nicotine products (NGPs) such as electronic cigarettes (ECs), heated tobacco products (HTPs) and oral nicotine pouches (ONPs) is not yet well established. Methods In this systematic review, we evaluated published human studies on detrimental oral health effects in NGP users compared to CC smokers and non-users (NU). We identified 52 studies, of which almost all investigations were on EC users. The studies were extremely heterogeneous in terms of design, subjects, endpoints and quality. Reported outcomes, based on both single and grouped endpoints were qualitatively evaluated by comparing NGP users with NU and CC users. Significant increases (indicating a worsening in oral health), significant decreases (indicating an improvement) and no significant difference between groups were assigned scores of + 1, -1 and 0, respectively. Results With this approach, comparisons of ECversusNU yielded mean scores of 0.29 (pre-cancerous lesions, N = 14 observations), 0.27 (inflammatory processes, N = 83), 0.43 (oral clinical parameters, N = 93) and 0.70 (shifts in the oral microbiome, N = 10). The corresponding values for the EC versus CC comparisons amounted to: -0.33 (N = 15), -0.14 (N = 76), -0.27 (N = 78) and 0.57 (N = 7). Most of the evaluated studies have severe limitations in terms of group sizes, duration of NGP use and validity of self-reported exclusive NGP use. In particular, any dual use (EC + CC) was mostly not adequately taken into account. Conclusions The evaluated studies suggest that use of ECs is associated with some improvement of oral health effects compared to cigarette smoking (CC), but oral health is still found to be worse compared to NU. These results have to be interpreted with caution due to a number of limitations and uncertainties in the underlying studies.
Solar Power Based Electric Vehicle DC Fast Charging Station Performance Improved by Using the Salp Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Govindaraju Vijaya Gowri , Brammadevan Anusiya
Published: April 2024

The utilization of electric vehicles has rapidly increased due to their advantages for the environment and the economy. The hybrid-source charging system, which includes grid connectivity and solar power, was designed to encourage the charging of electric vehicles. EVs take longer to recharge because they use rechargeable batteries. The present system lacks self-regulation and hence cannot be more successful. It is impossible to change the system constant without also changing the system parameters to achieve a certain goal, such as reducing process time and increasing efficiency. Depending on the Slap Swarm Algorithm, the proposed study employs a self-regulating PID controller to optimize the efficiency of EV charging stations. The SSA technique makes it possible to fast charge EV batteries. MPPT can help EV Fast Charging Stations become more sustainable and cost less to operate by lowering their reliance on the traditional grid. The dc-dc converter regulates the voltage which is fed to the battery of an electric vehicle during the charging procedure. This prevents overcharging and undercharging, extending the battery's life and improving charging efficiency. Depending on the temperature, battery status, and other parameters, the charging station can regulate the duty cycle to change the amount of current flowing into the battery. The primary advantage of the suggested method over other conventional ways is that it reduces billing costs and charge time. This strategy not only improves recharging efficiency, but it also helps to shape the development of smart and dynamic energy networks, promoting a more sustainable and practical electric vehicle ecosystem. MATLAB software is employed to validate the results.
Precision physics with the proton spectrometer and diffractive physics measurements from CMS
Authors: Royon Christoph
Published: April 2024

We describe recent results from CMS and TOTEM on hard diffraction, diffractive jets and jet gap jet events. We also give the first sensitivities and limits on quartic anomalous couplings and axion-like particles at high mass using the LHC as a \gamma \gammaγγ collider. The predicted sensitivities with 300 fb^{-1}−1 are better by two or three orders of magnitude compared to the more standard methods at the LHC without measuring intact protons after collision.
EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC TRAITS OF THREE SELECTED MULBERRY SILKWORM RACES FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSE
Authors:   DepartmentofStudiesandResearchinZoology, Tumkur University, Karnataka 52103., Simon Simi , K.M Ravikiran ,   DepartmentofStudiesandResearchinZoology, Tumkur University, Karnataka 52103., B.S Gowrishankar ,   Department of Biotechnology, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru572103, Karnataka., Nuzhat F.B Asiya ,   DepartmentofStudiesandResearchinZoology, Tumkur University, Karnataka 52103.
Published: April 2024

Sericulture is a cottage industry par excellence. It is one of the most labour intensive sectors of the Indian economy combining both agriculture and industry. The present study was carried out in Zoology Research laboratory, Tumkur University. Three different mulberry silkworms (Bombyx mori) races viz., FC1, FC2 and FC1Ã—FC2 were selected to conduct the experiments, were fed with V1 mulberry leaves. Theaim of the experiment was to know the comparison of commercial charactersof three selected silkworms races viz., cocoon ratio, larval growth and silk filament. So, the present work would be helpful in rearing technology and better crop yield and management.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GREEN TERNARY- BLENDED - GEOPOLYMERS BINDER
Authors:   Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pullor, Kariapatti., Praveen R. , Sai Amarthiya Ragav S. ,   Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pullor, Kariapatti., Athimuthu J. ,   Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pullor, Kariapatti., Maya Kannan P. ,   Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pullor, Kariapatti., Rajeswaran P. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pullor, Kariapatti.
Published: April 2024

Many industrial-wastes/clays, such as fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), brick kiln dust (BDK), are employed in developing geopolymeric materials used in the constructionsector. Accordingly, this work aims to find a green approach to benefit from the synergistic impacts of the precursors in developing ternary-blended geopolymers (GGBFS/FA/BKD) having multifunctional engineering applications. Five mixes were prepared: the control specimen and the others contained different portions from GGBS, FA, and BKD. All mixes were cured in high humidity for up to 28-days. The various combinations of fly ash, ggbs and brick kiln dust considered are 80%, 20%, & 0% 70%, 20% & 10% 60%, 20% & 20% 50%, 20% & 30% respectively. The ratio of binder to sand and Na2SiO3/NaOH is taken as 1:2 and 2.5 respectively. It was concluded that the compression strength,flexural strength, and density decreases when the quantity of brick kiln dust increases.
PUBLIC EXTENT OF KNOWLEDGE OF THE NATURE FROM WHICH FACE MASKS ARE MADE DURING COVID-19 IN THE LIBYAN COMMUNITY
Authors:   Libyan Polymer Research Center., A. Abdeewi Asmaa , A. Algadi Manal ,   Libyan Polymer Research Center., S. Eswayah Abdurrahman ,   Libyan Center for Biotechnology Research.
Published: April 2024

The global pandemic coronavirus of 2019 (COVID-19) had led to an increase in face mask demandto minimise the spread of the virus. Consequently, the trade in face mask production had risen extremely to meet that need.Many categories of facemasks have been produced using different materials(e.g., polypropylene, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, and polycarbonate).In this survey study, we aimed to evaluate the extent of common knowledge about the nature of which face masks are made in Libyan society. We carried out an online questionnaire-based survey, which compromised many questions that assessed the knowledge and awareness of the Libyan community about the face masks during COVID-19.A total of 431 participants respondedto the survey. The results obtained showed that there was a variation in knowledge and awareness about the face mask properties among the participants.
ASSESSMENT OFAWARENESS, KNOWLEDGE AND IMPACT OF THEEVOLVING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY AMONGST THE PHASE ISTUDENTS OF MEDICAL COLLEGE
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Kowale R, Department of Community Based Rehabilitation, D.E.Societys Brijlal Jindal College of Physiotherapy, Kowale A.N, Professor Department of Physiology, SSPM Medical College and Lifetime Hospital, Padve, Sindhudurg, Pin code-416534, Maharashtra, India., P. Padmanabhan
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is utilized in health-care settings which mimics human thinking and decision-making skills. Since, it is an emerging technology beneficial for medical education and patient care. It becomesnecessary that medical students prepare themselves for their tryst with AI . However, the training of medical students, faculty and inclusion of AI based competencies are required for the medical fraternity to be trained in AI. AI is spreading its horizons to various sectors.The present study is undertaken to assess the comprehension of the phase I medical students about AI technology in terms of information , knowledge and impact. It is a questionnaire-based study which involved voluntary and anonymous participation.The results were analyzedstatistically.The present study depicts that the medical students are fully aware of the AI technology but usage is in judicious manner only. There is awareness about the advantages and disadvantages of AI. Medical students have desire to study AI provided it is included in the medical curriculum. Medical teachers adopt AI in teaching -learning for educating the students but medical students majorly affirm that medical college teachers are irreplaceable. But, the impact of AI is ever expanding and will be an ongoing debate in future.
Capturing Islamic bank performance in Indonesia during the COVID-19 crisis: RGEC and SCNP approaches
Authors: Hanif Noor Athief Fauzul , Ahmad Zaky Rafiq , Virgiawan Rheyza , Anwar Fathoni Muhammad , Rofiqo Azidni
Published: April 2024

While adhering to the unique principle of Islamic value, Islamic banks are subject to any occurring crisis, just like other banks in common. After the end of the COVID-19 crisis, it is important to determine whether Islamic banking can demonstrate its resilience based on the unique values it upholds. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to capture how Islamic banks performed during the unprecedented challenge posed by COVID-19. By utilizing the data generated from financial reports, this study employs the RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, and Capital) method that was introduced by Indonesia Central Bank and SCnP (Sharia Conformity and Profitability) measurement. The findings show that by utilizing RGEC, the study classifies Islamic banks into tiers of health, distinguishing 7 as very healthy, 5 as healthy, and 2 as fairly healthy. Meanwhile, SCnP sheds light on the balance between Sharia conformity and profitability, highlighting 2 Islamic banks with commendable equilibrium, 5 displaying a tilt towards high profitability and low conformity, 4 with a tendency towards Shariah conformity with low profitability, and 3 struggling with challenges in both aspects. The study concludes the overall financial resilience of the majority of Islamic banks in Indonesia during the pandemic while noting that some banks faced challenges in achieving a harmonious balance between profitability and Sharia conformity.
Anti-takeover provisions, managerial overconfidence, and corporate cash holdings in Korean listed firms
Authors: Troy Chua Kevin , Lee A-Young , Lee Hansol
Published: April 2024

The management of an entity faces diverse decisions concerned with corporate operations and financing choices. Investigating various factors affecting a company’s cash holdings provides valuable insights into the decision-making processes of an organization. This study examines the effect of Anti-Takeover Provisions (ATPs), Managerial Overconfidence, and their interaction on the level of an entity’s cash holdings. Conducting a regression analysis, this study examines 3,409 firm-year observations from Korean listed entities covering 2011 to 2018. Results reveal that anti-takeover provisions positively influence an entity’s cash holdings (coefficient = 0.464, t-stat value = 7.83). Additionally, managerial overconfidence negatively affects cash holdings (coefficient = –0.140, t-stat value = –2.77). Furthermore, the interaction between anti-takeover provisions and managerial overconfidence significantly influences cash holdings (coefficient = –0.402, t-stat value = –3.46), especially in firms employing specific provisions such as supermajority vote requirements for executive dismissal (coefficient = –0.445, t-stat value = –2.73), issuance of convertible preferred stock (coefficient = –0.341, t-stat value = –1.76), and golden parachutes (coefficient = –0.715, t-stat value = –3.02). This study provides empirical evidence on how anti-takeover provisions and managerial traits influence corporate cash reserves. The study offers valuable insights for regulators, investors, and corporate management. It also emphasizes prudent cash management, urging firms, especially those with anti-takeover provisions and overconfident management, to reconsider financial policies to mitigate risks associated with aggressive decision-making.
The impact of human resources flexibility on crisis management: Evidence from Jordanian manufacturing companies
Authors: Aldiabat Bassam , Radi Alzoubi Majed
Published: April 2024

A human resources administration must be flexible to provide the human element with capacity to respond to crises. The current study seeks to test the effect of human resources flexibility on crisis management and the impact of skill flexibility, behavioral flexibility, and human resource practices flexibility on crisis management. The research sample consists of 445 managers working at Al-Hassan Industrial Estate in Jordan. A questionnaire was developed to measure human resources flexibility and organizational crisis management. SPSS was employed to analyze the collected data and test the hypotheses; multiple and simple regression were used for testing the hypotheses.The study results revealed that the mean of human resource flexibility is moderate in industrial organizations (2.86). Moreover, the mean of crisis management is moderate (3.36). The findings also showed that human resources flexibility has a statistical effect on crisis management at a level of 0.05. Besides, the correlation coefficient was 0.66 and R2 was 0.441. Hypotheses testing demonstrated that skill flexibility has the largest impact on crisis management; the Beta value was 0.409. Behavior flexibility has a statistical impact on crisis management. Whereas human practices flexibility does not have a statistical impact on crisis management due to the value of Sig = 0.102.
Longitudinal Gradient and Historical Trends of Arsenic and Metals in a Tropical Reservoir
Authors: Salles Roberta , Mantovaneli Rafael , Moreira Luana , Figueira Rubens , Brandão Geisamanda , Barroso Gilberto , Rodrigues Neto Renato , Carneiro Maria Tereza
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to establish the longitudinal gradient and historical trends of arsenic and metals in a tropical reservoir. Water and sediment samples were collected along the Rio Bonito reservoir (Espírito Santo, Brazil), and a sediment core was obtained from the lacustrine zone. Plasma spectrometric techniques were employed to determine concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Pb in water and sediment samples, and the sediment samples were dated using high-resolution gamma spectrometry. Higher concentrations of elements were observed in surface water samples from the riverine zone and bottom water samples from the transition zone. Concerning surface sediment samples, elevated concentrations were noted in the transition and lacustrine zones, where deposition is more intense. The sediment core was dated to 1940, before the reservoir dam construction, utilizing 210Pb dating. Certain elements exhibited progressively increasing concentrations over time. Enrichment factor, pollution load, and ecological risk indexes indicated the need for continuous monitoring of this reservoir
Drug Repurposing Using FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)
Database
Authors: Morris Robert , Ali Rahinatu , Cheng Feng
Published: April 2024

Drug repurposing is an emerging approach to reassigning existing pre-approved therapies
for new indications. The FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) is a large database
of over 28 million adverse event reports submitted by medical providers, patients, and drug manufacturers
and provides extensive drug safety signal data. In this review, four common drug repurposing
strategies using FAERS are described, including inverse signal detection for a single disease,
drug-drug interactions that mitigate a target ADE, identifying drug-ADE pairs with opposing
gene perturbation signatures and identifying drug-drug pairs with congruent gene perturbation signatures.
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of these different approaches using
existing successful applications in the literature. With the fast expansion of adverse drug event reports,
FAERS-based drug repurposing represents a promising strategy for discovering new uses
for existing therapies.
Pharmacogenetic Basis of Response Fluctuations to Methotrexate in
Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Qaisrani Mehwish Nawaz , Farhat Kulsoom , Noor Mudassir
Published: April 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis is a crippling autoimmune disease affecting more than 18 million
people worldwide and thus becoming one of the important contributors to the global health burden.
The majority of the affected are females, especially those above the age of 50, but males and
younger adults are equally vulnerable. It is a constellation of genetic and environmental factors
that interplay to manifest the joint deformities and disabilities that are the hallmarks of this disease.
Painkillers are used alongside disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs to minimize the patient’s
agony and also to halt the progression of the disease. Worldwide, methotrexate is recommended
as the first-line drug, but unexpected resistance is encountered in a significant number of
patients. This review summarizes the pathophysiology, clinical findings, and therapeutic strategies
for rheumatoid with a focus on research studies performed to establish a genetic basis for response
fluctuations of methotrexate across different population groups.
Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Essential Oil Effect on the Attachment of Oral Bacteria to Hydroxyapatite and Biofilm Formation
Authors: Hardou-Belhocine Kahina , Brahmi Fatiha , Grenier Daniel , Mouhoubi Khokha , Madani Khodir , Boulekbache-Makhlouf Lila
Published: April 2024

Background:

Periodontal disease and dental caries are two oral illnesses that are significantly
influenced by microorganisms, hence the usefulness of finding natural substances to
inhibit them.

Objective:

This study aimed to assess the Eucalyptus globulus Labill. leaf and fruit essential oils
effect against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans,
Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Candida albicans to study
their anticariogenic and antiperiodonto pathogenic activities.

Methods:

These activities were evaluated according to the determination of minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), anti-biofilm effects, and
the impact on the adhesion to hydroxyapatite, a main component of the tooth.

Results:

Both leaf and fruit essential oils showed strong antibacterial activity against anaerobic
bacteria: F. nucleatum (MIC of 0.012 %) and P. gingivalis (MIC of 0.025 %). Anticarcinogenic
activity also showed MIC values of 0.06 % against S. mutans and, 0.5 % against S. sobrinus, and
appropriate antifungal activity against C. albicans. It is interesting to note that both oils showed a
significant inhibitory property to biofilm formation by the different studied species and significantly
reduced the adhesion capacity of S. mutans and S. sobrinus to the hydroxyapatite surface at
very low concentrations of 0.12 and 0.5 % for S. mutans and S. sobrinus, respectively.

Conclusion:

These results highlight the strong potential of E. globulus essential oils as antimicrobial
and antibiofilm agents, as well as their ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion, which is promising
for the prevention of dental caries and plaque. This implies that E. globulus may be a new
alternative source of substances of medicinal interest that can be used in the pharmaceutical industry
to produce antimicrobial agents against dental caries and oral infectious diseases
Bioinformatic Analysis and Experimental Validation of HMGA2-AS1 as a Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Lyu Guizhen
Published: April 2024

Background:

Natural antisense long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have the ability to modulate the expression
of their corresponding sense genes. Consequently, any dysregulation of these lncRNAs can contribute to the
development of pathological processes. The ambiguity surrounding the role of HMGA2-AS1 in gastric cancer
(GC) requires further investigation.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to examine the involvement of HMGA2-AS1 in
GC.

Methods:

The Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression analysis, gene set enrichment analysis
(GSEA), and immune infiltration analysis were used in this study. These methods were used to
evaluate the relationship between clinical characteristics and HMGA2-AS1 expression, prognostic
factors, and the significant functional impact of HMGA2-AS1. HMGA2-AS1 levels in GC cell
lines were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Results:

In patients diagnosed with GC, a significant correlation was observed between high expression
of HMGA2-AS1 and the T stage (p = 0.01). Furthermore, the high expression of HMGA2-
AS1 was identified as a prognostic indicator for poorer OS (p = 0.004), PFS (p = 0.006), and
DSS (p = 0.011). Furthermore, the expression of HMGA2-AS1 (p < 0.001) demonstrated an independent
association with OS in patients with GC. The presence of a low expression phenotype of
HMGA2-AS1 was associated with differential enrichment of various pathways, including the focal
adhesion-PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, focal adhesion, ECM glycoproteins, MET promoting
cell motility, among others. Furthermore, the expression of HMGA2-AS1 exhibited correlations
with B cells, CD56 bright cells, and TFH and Th17 cells. Furthermore, GC cell lines demonstrated
significantly higher expression of HMGA2-AS1.

Conclusion:

Elevated expression of HMGA2-AS1 in GC patients exhibited a significant correlation
with unfavorable survival outcomes and increased immune infiltration. This suggests that HMGA2-
AS1 holds promise as a potential prognostic biomarker and target for immunotherapy in GC.
Alpha-amylase Inhibitory and Cytotoxicity Investigation of Biologically
Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Balanites aegyptiaca on C2C12
Cells
Authors: Bhardwaj Monika , Kataria Sudhir Kumar , Sharma Shammi , Yadav Jaya Parkash
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Silver nanoparticles were biologically synthesized from the leaf and seed
extract of Balanites aegyptiaca against diabetes.

Method:

The silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM,
TEM, zeta potential and dynamic light scattering for size distribution. The finding proved the nanosize
and spherical shapes of the nanoparticles. In-vitro antidiabetic and cytotoxic activities of the
synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated for the first time in both the plant extract, and they showed
significant inhibition of α-amylase. However, the inhibition was elevated in the case of nanoparticles.

Result:

It was found that seed and leaf extract inhibited α-amylase up to 62.23±7.25631% and
63.90±5.632%, respectively. The elevation in the inhibition was observed in the case of their respective
silver nanoparticles, such as AgNP seeds and AgNP leaves inhibited the enzyme up to
72.71±7.8569% and 74.04±6.3254%, respectively. They showed lesser cytotoxicity against C2C12
cells.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that the leaf and seed extracts of Balanites aegyptiaca and synthesized
silver nanoparticles from this plant can be good anti-diabetic agents.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD BERBASIS AUGMENTED REALITY PADA MATERI VIRUS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR
Authors: Wahyuni Intan Tri , Pratama Anggi Tias
Published: April 2024

LKPD merupakan perangkat pembelajaran yang berupa lembaran berisi panduan untuk menuntun peserta didik dalam melakukan kegiatan belajar seperti melakukan pengamatan, penyelidikan, pengukuran, pengolahan data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Namun, LKPD yang digunakan oleh peserta didik kurang sesuai dengan LKPD yang seharusnya dan hanya berisi sekumpulan pertanyaan. Materi virus menjadi materi yang dianggap rumit oleh peserta didik karena objek yang tidak dapat diamati secara langsung. Hal ini menyebabkan kurangnya pemahaman konsep dan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Sehingga LKPD bermuatan AR dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif perangkat pembelajaran yang yang meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan motivasi belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui karakteristik produk pengembangan LKPD bermuatan augmented reality pada materi virus, 2) mengetahui kelayakan produk pengembangan LKPD bermuatan augmented reality pada materi virus, dan 3) mengetahui kepraktisan produk pengembangan LKPD bermuatan augmented reality pada materi virus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Namun, penelitian ini mempunyai beberapa keterbatasa nsehingga hanya sampai pada tahap development. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa produk LKPD bermuatan AR yang dikembangkan layak dan praktis digunakan berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi, ahli media dan praktisi.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN VIDEO ANIMASI STOP-MOTION PADA SUBMATERI FERTILISASI UNTUK SISWA KELAS XI MIPA DI SMA NURIS JEMBER
Authors: Astutik Aviyah Rini , Mubarok Husni
Published: April 2024

Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development dengan model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahap yaitu analisis (Analysis), desain (Design), pengembagan (Development), Implementasi (Implementation), dan Evaluasi (Evaluation). Metode pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, angket, dan tes. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan media pembelajaran video animasi Stop-motion pada submateri fertilisasi untuk siswa kelas XI MIPA di SMA Nuris Jember tahun pelajaran 2022/2023. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Hasil validasi ahli materi mendapatkan persentase sebesar 91% dengan kategori “sangat valid,” hasil validasi ahli media mendapatkan persentase sebesar 93% dengan kategori “sangat valid,” hasil validasi guru biologi mendapatkan persentase sebesar 83% dengan kategori “valid,” hasil validasi ahli evaluasi soal pretest-posttest mendapatkan persentase sebesar 93% dengan kategori “sangat layak.” 2) Hasil kepraktisan respon siswa mendapatkan persentase 86% dengan kategori “sangat menarik.” 3) Hasil keefektifan produk dengan uji Wilcoxon diketahui Asmp.sig. (2-tailed) bernilai 0,000 0,05 yang artinya ada pengaruh secara signifikan pada hasil belajar siswa sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan produk yaitu video animasi Stop-motion. Sedangkan pada uji N-gain mendapatkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 0,62 dengan kategori “sedang,” sehingga media pembelajaran animasi Stop-motion dapat digunakan pada proses pembelajaran.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SAINS TEKNOLOGI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA MATERI SISTEM PERTAHANAN TUBUH KELAS XI MIPA DI SMA BIMA AMBULU JEMBER
Authors: Masruroh Meilatul , Wahab Abdillah Fatkhul
Published: April 2024

Abstrak. Penelitian ini akan mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Sains Teknologi Masyarakat terhadap kemampuan berfikir kritis siswa pada materi sistem pertahanan tubuh kelas XI MIPA di SMA BIMA Ambulu Jember tahun 2023/2024. Model pembelajaran Sains Teknologi Masyarakat merupakan model pembelajaran yang memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk mengaitkan antara sains, teknologi, dan masyarakat pada kehidupan sehari-hari. Metode penelitian yang adalah quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan non-equivalent group post-test-only design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi tes untuk mengukur kemampuan berfikir kritis dan dokumentasi untuk menentukan sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji-t dengan uji prasyarat normalitas dan homogenitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa 1) Kemampuan berfikir kritis siswa kelas eksperimen yang dibelajarkan menggunakan pembelajaran Sains Teknologi Masyarakat memiliki nilai rata-rata tes kemampuan berfikir kritis lebih tinggi sebesar 52,27 dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol yang dibelajarkan menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional sebesar 44,73. 2) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran Sains Teknologi Masyarakat terhadap kemampuan berfikir kritis siswa dengan nilai signifikansi hasil Independent Sampel T-Test sebesar 0,001.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Nabilah Adzra , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal
Published: April 2024

Tuntutan era global Partnership of 21st Century Skills yang mengidentifikasi bahwa peserta didik abad-21 harus mampu mengembangkan keterampilan yang berdaya saing. Keterampilan yang dimaksudkan adalah keterampilan untuk berpikir tingkat tinggi (Higher order thinking), dalam aspek berpikir analitis dani berpikir kritis. Di Indonesia, tingkat  berpikir kritis siswa masih tergolong rendah. Keterampilan berpikir kritis adalah kemampuan siswa dalam menganalisis argumen, membuat kesimpulan menggunakan penalaran, menilai atau mengevaluasi, dan membuat keputusan atau pemecahan masalah.Pembelajaran biologi mempunyai karakteristik materi yang sfesifik menuntut guru untuk mempunyai sikap yang lebih kreatif dan inovatif dalam  pembelajaran. Salah satunya adalah penggunaan model pembelajaran yang variatif. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang bisa  digunakan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan  Berpikir kritis siswa adalah model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran  Biologi. metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah literatur review dengan mengkaji sejumlah sumber  yang relavan terkait judul penelitian. Berdasarkan hasilliteratur review yang telah dilakukan mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dari penerapan model Problem Based Learning terhadap meningkatnya kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada pembelajaran Biologi
Andropause: A Neglected Disease Entity
Authors: Folorunsho Ajayi Ayodeji , David Oluwole Tolulope , Ayodele Adelakun Ademola , Oluwatoyin Ajayi Lydia , Obukohwo Oyowvi Mega , Precious Oyedokun , Bosede Akanbi Grace , Nene Dare Sarah , Magret Adeniran Adebola
Published: April 2024

This review aims to bring attention to the growing issue of andropause, a condition that affects men as they age. The literature was identified by searching the major bibliographic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Studies were included if they focused on strategies for reducing and preventing andropause, published between 1980 and 2023. Andropause, which is often overlooked and misconceived, is the result of a decrease in testosterone production and can result in physical and psychological symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, decreased libido, and depression. This paper reviews the literature on the prevalence, detection, and management of andropause. It is important for the medical community to recognize andropause, as diagnosing and treating the condition can significantly improve the quality of life. The review canvases several studies to understand andropause comprehensively, highlighting various biomarkers and diagnostic criteria, possible therapies, and potential risks and complications associated with the condition. In addition, this review offers practical suggestions to health professionals, helping them recognize patients at risk of andropause, assess patients for the condition, and provide appropriate treatments. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of regular screening and active monitoring for any possible early warning signs of andropause. This review provides a comprehensive overview of andropause, from identification to management. It demonstrates the need for increased awareness and acknowledgment of andropause among medical professionals in order to ensure that all men get the support they need throughout the aging process.
“Guess Who?” in the Creation of Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Diets through History
Authors: Zarzo Inmaculada , San Onofre Nadia , Soriano Jose M.
Published: April 2024

The relationship between obesity and weight loss treatments has run parallel throughout history; however, not all diets are suitable for improving one’s health. This review aims to categorize diets according to the new classification of hazardous diets established in 2021. A search was conducted across grey, white, and black literature. The results reveal a study of 179 diets, of which 35 are effective, while the rest are hazardous to health. Looking at the geographical distribution of these diets, the USA, the UK, and Greece dominate the top three spots. The geographic distribution of diets is linked to cultural and environmental factors, with influencers often playing a predominant role. Additionally, the lack of legislative oversight on emerging diets is a noteworthy concern, highlighting the need for regulatory measures to ensure the safety and well-being of individuals engaging in such dietary practices. Regarding the creators of these weight loss treatments, it is noteworthy that only 7.8% are nutrition specialists, all of whom fall under the effective diets category. This demonstrates that healthy treatments and nutritionists are the best combination for losing weight and improving health.
The Cooperation Between Nurses and a New Digital Colleague “AI-Driven Lifestyle Monitoring” in Long-Term Care for Older Adults: Viewpoint
Authors: Groeneveld Sjors , Bin Noon Gaya , den Ouden Marjolein E M , van Os-Medendorp Harmieke , van Gemert-Pijnen J E W C , Verdaasdonk Rudolf M , Morita Plinio Pelegrini
Published: April 2024

Technology has a major impact on the way nurses work. Data-driven technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), have particularly strong potential to support nurses in their work. However, their use also introduces ambiguities. An example of such a technology is AI-driven lifestyle monitoring in long-term care for older adults, based on data collected from ambient sensors in an older adult’s home. Designing and implementing this technology in such an intimate setting requires collaboration with nurses experienced in long-term and older adult care. This viewpoint paper emphasizes the need to incorporate nurses and the nursing perspective into every stage of designing, using, and implementing AI-driven lifestyle monitoring in long-term care settings. It is argued that the technology will not replace nurses, but rather act as a new digital colleague, complementing the humane qualities of nurses and seamlessly integrating into nursing workflows. Several advantages of such a collaboration between nurses and technology are highlighted, as are potential risks such as decreased patient empowerment, depersonalization, lack of transparency, and loss of human contact. Finally, practical suggestions are offered to move forward with integrating the digital colleague.
Exploring Dimensions of Learner Autonomy: An Ecological Perspective
Authors: Sharmin Sonia
Published: April 2024

A shift from a focus on the learner as an autonomous agent to one that places greater emphasis on the learner’s relationship with their learning environment is a hallmark of learner autonomy. Learning settings are complex, with many aspects influencing outcomes; metaphors like ecology shed light on this. Ecological perspectives highlight the importance of students negotiating their environment through purposeful behaviours within interrelated contexts. Awareness, flexibility, and goal-setting are the three main tenets of pedagogy for autonomy. This perspective tackles societal influences head-on, highlighting the need of welcoming spaces and being creative to boost independence. In general, the ecological viewpoint deepens comprehension by drawing attention to the ever-changing relationships between students and their classroom settings.
STABILITY-INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ANALYSIS OF DOXEPIN HYDROCHLORIDE IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
Authors: R. RAJESH
Published: April 2024

Objective: A simple, reliable, and rapid RP-HPLC method showing stability has been established to detect Doxepin Hydrochloride (DOX) with its degraded products. The proposed method has been validated for specificity, linearity, system suitability, accuracy, precision, robustness, LOD, and LOQ as per ICH guidelines. All parameters were found to be within the accepted limits, affirming the method's reliability.
Methods: Analysis was conducted using RP-HPLC on a Phenomenex C18 Luna column (250 mm × 4.6 mm id, 5 µm) with a mobile phase comprising methanol, acetonitrile, and buffer (40:30:30, v/v/v) and a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. The detection was performed with a UV detector set at 254 nm. Diverse methods have been employed to investigate forced degradation studies, including acid-base hydrolysis, photolysis, thermal degradation, and oxidation. These studies were conducted both in bulk and in capsule formulations of DOX.
Results: The retention time (tR) of DOX was 2.92 minutes, and all parameters met acceptable limit values. The response exhibited linearity over a concentration range of 10 to 50 µg/ml (R2 = 0.9974). The percentage of DOX recovered from the pharmaceutical cream dosage form ranged from 97.67% to 101%. Sensitivity levels for the developed method were indicated by limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values of 0.40–0.50 µg/ml. The proposed method was validated according to ICH guidelines.
Conclusion: Hence, a simple, reliable, accurate, and precise HPLC method was developed, proving suitable for the analysis of DOX in both bulk and commercial formulations.
Инновационные разработки в области российского ультрапрецизионного станкостроения
Authors: Бурдак С.В. , Захаревич Е.М. , Лапшин В.В. , Шавва М.А. , Пошехонов Р.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье представлены технические характеристики и основные конструктивные особенности ультрапрецизионного токарного станка нового поколения для обработки оптических поверхностей деталей, а также описание его узлов и опций.
Длиннофокусные зеркально-­линзовые объективы
Authors: Шишкин И.П. , Шкадаревич А.П.
Published: April 2024

Представлена конструкция длиннофокусных
зеркально-линзовых
объективов для
видимого и инфракрасного диапазона: VIS,
SWIR, MWIR и LWIR. Фронтальная группа
у всех объективов одинаковая – 2 зеркала,
причем первое (prime) зеркало выполнено
диаметром 150 мм. Диаметр зеркала был
выбран исходя из требований к светосиле
объектива и возможности изготовления
зеркала в производстве. Кроме того,
одинаковый диаметр основного зеркала
при необходимости позволяет объединить
несколько каналов (ТВ и SWIR, ТВ и LWIR)
в один. В статье описывается телевизионный
и SWIR объектив с фокуcом 600 мм
и относительным отверстием F / 4, MWIR
объектив с фокусом 400 мм и относительным
отверстием F / 4 и LWIR объектив с фокусом
250 мм и относительным отверстием F / 1.6.
Приведены варианты построения зеркально-линзового
зум и мультиканального
объективов с фокусом 400–800 мм
и относительным отверстием F / 5 – F / 10.
Проливая свет на ДНК-оригами: практика использования
Authors: Степанов М.Е. , Хохрякова У.А. , Егорова Т.В. , Магарян К.А. , Наумов А.В.
Published: April 2024

В современной фотонике существует
запрос на технологии воспроизводимого
и контролируемого получения наноструктур,
поскольку многие интересные и важные
оптические процессы разыгрываются
на характерном для таких структур
субдифракционном масштабе. Однако
для работы со светом на нанометровых
расстояниях требуется нанометровая
точность в позиционировании объектов,
добиться которой стандартными методами
оказывается подчас крайне непросто. Одним
из новых подходов, способных стать ответом
на этот вызов, является использование ДНК-
оригами: строение полимерной молекулы
ДНК позволяет, с одной стороны, химически
«настраивать» ее геометрию для придания
ей произвольной формы на естественном для
нее нанометровом масштабе, а с другой, –
адресно размещать нанообъекты в любой
позиции вдоль ее цепи. В настоящем обзоре
рассмотрены некоторые практические
аспекты получения ДНК-оригами.
Crime Registry Platform using Blockchain Ethereum and web3
Authors: Chandu K.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Criminal activities in India are on the rise, with many incidents going unreported. Despite the availability of an online portal for storing the First Information Reports (FIRs) handwritten FIRs always will remain common due to some of the traditional methods and practices. And probably in most cases, the complainants should personally visit the police stations in order to file a offense report. Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (CCTNS) was launched in 2010 for national wide e-governance, it will operates on a centralized system and it is particularly limited to some individual states. Therefore, there is a need for the decentralized solution in order to ensure failure of a single point and secure managing of criminal complaints from the unauthorized access.
Utilizing Machine Learning to Forecast Smoking Behavior
Authors: Lone Sharuf Hamid
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The examination of smoking habits, extensively studied over time, has posed challenges in accurately predicting and thoroughly analyzing its determinants. Previous research efforts struggled to precisely predict smoking behavior due to the presence of continuous target variables, which hindered the application of crucial feature selection techniques like mutual information. This study aims to tackle these hurdles through an innovative approach that integrates data preprocessing, feature engineering, and advanced machine learning methods. To address the issue of continuous target variables, our methodology involves categorizing smoking behavior into discrete groups, enabling the utilization of feature selection techniques such as mutual information scores. Logistic regression, Gaussian Naive Bayes, and Random Forest Classifier models are utilized to achieve highly accurate predictions of smoking behavior. The Select KBest method is employed to evaluate the importance of features based on mutual information scores. The investigation delves into various health markers, including BMI, haemoglobin levels, and cholesterol, offering comprehensive insights into their influence on smoking habits. Furthermore, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is implemented to reduce dimensionality while preserving essential information from the dataset. Through this novel approach and a steadfast commitment to ethical data collection practices, our objective is to advance the comprehension of smoking behavior, surmounting past challenges, and providing valuable insights for public health initiatives and smoking cessation endeavors. The paper assesses outcomes using specified algorithms and parameters, presenting a comparative analysis to enhance the clarity and reliability of our findings.