bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Embodied Semantics in a Second Language: An Interdisciplinary Review
Authors: GAFFURI LUCIA , ANNONI JEAN-MARIE , ZHENG YIFAN , MONACO ELISA , LEE-JAHNKE HANNELORE
Published: May 2022

Abstract This review focuses on embodied semantic theories of language, which assume a concomitant activation of sensorimotor areas during verbal processing. Behavioural and functional studies showing the influence of semantic treatment on perceptuo- and sensori-motor cortices
are here presented. We focus on embodiment of the second language (L2) in bilingual subjects which, contrary to the native language (L1) embodiment, has been much less addressed. After providing current models of bilingual language processing, we will consider factors which may explain different
depths of embodiment of L2, as observed in several studies. In particular, we will provide insight into proficiency (i.e. the ability one has in L2 usage), immersion (i.e. the degree of exposure to L2) and the age of acquisition of L2. We will also provide suggestions regarding the potential
expansion of knowledge in this domain: embodied semantics research in bilinguals might give a boost to therapeutic approaches to the rehabilitation of bilingual aphasic patients. Lastly, considerations are presented about theoretical as well as practical implications for translation research.
Descriptive Study on Driving Time and Crime Events of Bajaj-Motor Tri-Cycles in Mogadishu City- Somalia in January-April 2022
Authors: Khalif Hassan Bedel , Abubakar Abdulsatar Mukhtar , Mohamed Ali Abdi , Omar Omar Abdulle
Published: May 2022

The study was a descriptive study on driving time and crime events of Bajaj-motor tri-cycles in Mogadishu city- Somalia in January 2022. It was investigating the prevalence and challenges of passengers on Moto Bajaj at a different point in time of the day. As shown by the evidence of prior studies that Kidnapping, rape, murder and Robbery were very common based on the time of the day. The study aimed to investigate the status of Kidnapping, rape, murder, and Robbery in Banadir region. The study collected through KOBO, an electronic means of data collection from a sample size of 350, randomly selected using systematic sampling and descriptive cross sectional study design. Data was analysed using SPSS, frequency table, charts analysis was employed. Based on the study findings that the study contributed, the following times in the day midnight, evening and late afternoon as an imbedded risk for all types of Moto Baja passengers including the innocent civilian property, dignity of young girls and life, as these are the essential human rights. The study found that a rape and abduction were more common during midnight travellers with Moto Bajaj while robbery was very common during afternoon and evening times. These are the study contribution by informing the public to have further precautions and safety when travelling midnight, evening and later afternoon times in the day and should provoke to your thoughts and do some mitigation measures. The study discovered that the contributing factors include unemployment, drug abuse, and travelling dark places in the city to the crime events in the capital city Mogadishu. The study recommends Minimal safe time for travelling with Baja moto is at the day light in the late morning and noon and early afternoon. Minimize or avoid travelling with Moto Bajaj at evening and late afternoon times. As this has revealed certain risk of exposure for robbery The study recommends to the Authority to increase and create job opportunities as employment is one of the contributing factors for the crime events. All types of passengers should be alerted when it is the only option to travel with Moto Bajaj whose driver is a drug user, or traveling in dark places in the Mogadishu, as this will put the additional risk of being exposed to crime events.
Features of automated monitoring of the production environment using smart structures
Authors: Shevnina Julia Sergeevna
Published: May 2022

A detailed description of the features of automated monitoring using smart systems is given. An automated system based on a smart structure is presented, consisting of modules for collecting data from various sensors, analyzing and processing the received data, providing information about the state of the production environment and recommendations on the optimal mode of operation of equipment and control action.
The crisis of the non-proliferation regime: the results and perspectives
Authors: Khlopov O.
Published: May 2022

The article reveals the causes of the crisis of the global nuclear order, analyzes the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), which is the central element of the global nuclear order, the main goal of which is to prevent nuclear war. However, the lack of nuclear disarmament and the humanitarian consequences of the use of nuclear weapons had led to the conclusion in 2017 the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW). The new treaty further exposed existing shortcomings in the NPT and exacerbated unresolved conflicts over the proper approach to disarmament. The absence of genuine disarmament, the existence of disagreements among the parties within NPT, the persistence and attempts to proliferate nuclear weapons are part of a comprehensive crisis and destabilization of the non-proliferation regime. The author argues that in order to stabilize the nuclear nonproliferation regime, it is necessary to resolve the crisis of confidence between the major nuclear powers, depolarize the intergroup divisions of the countries' positions in the NPT, and return to the principle of preventing nuclear war as the main goal. Only a comprehensive response to the crisis of the nuclear non-proliferation regime, that will take into account the interests of all parties can stabilize and maintain the global nuclear order.
Militarism: a historical relic or a permanent instrument of politics?
Authors: Radikov I. V.
Published: May 2022

The important methodological reference points of the modern study of militarism are highlighted. On their basis, the features of militarism of the XXI century are formulated: undisguised Russophobia as the ideological basis of the modern militaristic course of Western countries; expansion of the spheres of manifestation; a fundamentally different level of the arms race with new, better characteristics; involvement in the military confrontation of cyberspace, the use of artificial intelligence technologies; continuous growth of military spending not only in individual, but in almost all countries of the world; militarization of international relations; the transformation of "soft" power into one of the forms of modern militarism; the active transformation of militaristic manifestations from the state level to the level of life of civil society. The ideas of militarism in Russian society are analyzed. The conclusion is made about the reasons for the ambiguous interpretation of the term and the factors influencing modern military processes.
Technical policy in the navy of states, its adaptation to modern conditions
Authors: Bychkov V.
Published: May 2022

Modern conditions require improving the technical policy of the navies of states. The technical policy includes interrelated activities and systems, such as: operation, condition control, maintenance, repair, storage, logistics, technical training of performers, provision of regulatory and technical documents, management of forces and means of technical support, both in peacetime and in the preparation and conduct of combat operations of the fleet, which is important when finding an optimal solution for their adaptation to modern requirements.
Fehlerfreie Produktion durch flexibilisierte Prozesse/Error-free production through flexible manufacturing processes – Change of planning and error compensation in software-defined manufacturing
Authors: Dietrich David , Neubauer Michael , Lechler Armin , Verl Alexander
Published: May 2022

Um wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben, streben Unternehmen eine effiziente, fehlerfreie Produktion an. Neben der End-of-Line-Qualitätskontrolle mit anschließender Nacharbeit, bestehen Ansätze, um Prozessparameter entlang des Materialflusses für eine Fehlerkompensation anzupassen. In einer software-definierten Fertigung nimmt dieser Planungsraum durch Enabler der Industrie 4.0 weiter zu. Dieser Beitrag zeigt eine Konzeption für die iterative Planung der Fertigungsprozesse, um das vollständige Potenzial des Produktionssystems für die Produktion individueller fehlerfreier Produkte zu nutzen.

To remain competitive, companies strive for efficient, defect-free production. In addition to end-of-line quality control with subsequent rework, there are approaches to adjust process parameters along the material flow for error compensation. In software-defined manufacturing, this planning space increases further due to enablers of Industry 4.0. This paper presents a scheme for iterative planning of manufacturing processes to exploit the full potential of a production system for manufacturing individual defect-free products.
Effiziente Schichtlüftung für Schwimmhallen
Authors: Kaluza Jörn , Fiedler Eckehard
Published: May 2022

Bei der Belüftung von Schwimmhallen kommt es nicht nur auf die Luftmenge an, sondern auch auf die Art der Luftführung. Durch Schichtlüftungssysteme lassen sich Verdunstungsverluste reduzieren und gleichzeitig die Schadstoffabfuhr verbessern – bei reduzierter Gesamtluftmenge.
Reduzierung von Schadstoffemissionen durch längere Brennerlaufzeiten
Authors: Sulger Claudio , Floß Alexander
Published: May 2022

Im Taktbetrieb gefahrene Heizkessel verursachen während der Start- und Stopp-Phasen im Vergleich zu einem stationären Betrieb deutlich mehr Emissionen. Dieser zweiteilige Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Reduzierung der Schadstoffemissionen (unverbrannte Kohlenwasserstoffen und Kohlenmonoxid) durch eine Reduktion der Takthäufigkeit beziehungsweise eine Verlängerung der Brennerlaufzeit.
Planung und Technologien von Luft/Wasser-Wärmepumpen Teil 3
Authors: Schellhorn Martin
Published: May 2022

Im ersten und zweiten Teil dieses dreiteiligen Fachbeitrags zur Planung von Luft/Wasser-Wärmepumpen standen die Planungsschritte mit zahlreichen praxisrelevanten Details im Mittelpunkt. Im letzten Teil der Serie dreht sich nun alles um vier, teils grundverschiedene Konzepte von Luft/Wasser-Wärmepumpen und ihre jeweiligen Vorzüge beziehungsweise technischen Besonderheiten.
Nachhaltiger Brandschutz in Rechenzentren
Authors: Kopp Rüdiger , Paulwitz Ralph , Langstrof Alexandra
Published: May 2022

In einer zunehmend digitalen Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft nimmt die Bedeutung sicherer Rechenzentren von Tag zu Tag zu. Ein Brand kann verheerende Störungen und Ausfälle nach sich ziehen, wie der Vorfall des Hosting-Anbieters OVHcloud im französischen Straßburg im März letztes Jahres zeigte. Wie kann eine solche Katastrophe verhindert werden? Und gibt es Möglichkeiten, bei der Wahl des Brandbekämpfungssystems ökologische Aspekte, die sowohl die Systeme als auch die Umwelt schonen, zu berücksichtigen? Brandversuche belegen, wie nachhaltiger Brandschutz in Rechenzentren gewährleistet werden kann.
Fluchtwege gestalten und Evakuierungen durchführen
Authors: Muro Donato , Janiec Carsten
Published: May 2022

Fast lautlos hat der Ausschuss für Arbeitsstätten (ASTA) mehrere Technische Regeln für Arbeitsstätten (ASR) im März 2022 überarbeitet. Von den Änderungen hat nur der erfahren, der den Newsletter von der DGUV (Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung) oder von der BAuA (Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin) abonniert hat. Die ASR konkretisieren die Anforderungen von Arbeitsstätten. Neu ist, unabhängig von den Inhalten, dass die neue ASR 2.3 „Fluchtwege und Notausgänge“ nicht nur das Arbeitsschutzgesetz berücksichtigt, sondern auch das Baurecht! Somit können bereits Planer wie Architekten, Bauingenieure und Brandschutzingenieure darauf zurückgreifen.
Die Position von Unternehmen in Zivilschutzlagen
Authors: Reuter Robin
Published: May 2022

Unternehmen haben hinsichtlich verschiedener Anforderungen Risikobeurteilungen durchzuführen. Dies kann zum Beispiel aus Qualitätssicht für ein Produkt oder eine Dienstleistung, aus Arbeitsschutzsicht, bei der Betrachtung von Umweltrisiken oder für die Anlagensicherheit erfolgen. Es werden jeweils verschiedene betriebliche Schutzgüter und Schutzziele betrachtet und meistens erfolgt diese Risikobeurteilung aufgrund von rechtlichen oder normativen Vorgaben. Hinsichtlich des Krieges in der Ukraine wird aktuell gesellschaftlich und politisch das Risiko von kriegerischen Handlungen mit deutlich erhöhter Sensibilität diskutiert. Daher stellt sich auch die Frage, inwieweit Unternehmen sich auf derartige Zivilschutzlagen vorbereiten müssen und können.
Cambios en la tipología de las pequeñas iglesias españolas en América por motivos estructurales: cómo se redujo la vulnerabilidad sísmica en el Chile actual
Authors: Salcedo José-Carlos
Published: May 2022

No existían estudios en los que se hubiera constatado la existencia, en zonas de alta peligrosidad sísmica, de un importante número de estructuras históricas que hubieran soportado terremotos durante varios siglos. El presente estudio constata la existencia en la actualidad, en una región de Chile (región de Arica y Parinacota), de la práctica totalidad de las iglesias parroquiales que fueron construidas por la colonización española (en los siglos XVI y XVII). La permanencia de estas iglesias acredita que ha sido posible proporcionar cierta seguridad estructural sísmica a las construcciones del patrimonio histórico. El estudio histórico-constructivo que se presenta, aporta las claves de cómo hacerlo: inicialmente los españoles incorporaron a su sistema estructural europeo una serie de modificaciones claves para reducir la vulnerabilidad sísmica y, además, estas construcciones han llegado hasta el presente porque sus usuarios intervinieron en ellas manteniendo las estructuras originales con las mismas técnicas, sin el empleo de materiales o sistemas estructurales nuevos.
Same same but different: Subtle but consequential differences between two measures to linearly integrate speed and accuracy (LISAS vs. BIS)
Authors: Liesefeld Heinrich R. , Janczyk Markus
Published: May 2022

Condition-specific speed–accuracy trade-offs (SATs) are a pervasive issue in experimental psychology, because they sometimes render impossible an unambiguous interpretation of experimental effects on either mean response times (mean RT) or percentage of correct responses (PC). For between-participants designs, we have recently validated a measure (Balanced Integration Score, BIS) that integrates standardized mean RT and standardized PC and thereby controls for cross-group variation in SAT. Another related measure (Linear Integrated Speed–Accuracy Score, LISAS) did not fulfill this specific purpose in our previous simulation study. Given the widespread and seemingly interchangeable use of the two measures, we here illustrate the crucial differences between LISAS and BIS related to their respective choice of standardization variance. We also disconfirm the recently articulated hypothesis that the differences in the behavior of the two combined performance measures observed in our previous simulation study were due to our choice of a between-participants design and we demonstrate why a previous attempt to validate BIS (and LISAS) for within-participants designs has failed, pointing out several consequential issues in the respective simulations and analyses. In sum, the present study clarifies the differences between LISAS and BIS, demonstrates that the choice of the variance used for standardization is crucial, provides further guidance on the calculation and use of BIS, and refutes the claim that BIS is not useful for attenuating condition-specific SATs in within-participants designs.
The unpopular Package: A Data-driven Approach to Detrending TESS Full-frame Image Light Curves
Authors: Hattori Soichiro , Foreman-Mackey Daniel , Hogg David W. , Montet Benjamin T. , Angus Ruth , Pritchard T. A. , Curtis Jason L. , Schölkopf Bernhard
Published: May 2022

The majority of observed pixels on the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) are delivered in the form of full-frame images (FFIs). However, the FFIs contain systematic effects such as pointing jitter and scattered light from the Earth and Moon that must be removed (i.e., “detrended”) before downstream analysis. We present unpopular, an open-source Python package to obtain detrended TESS FFI light curves optimized for variable sources. The unpopular package implements a variant of the causal pixel model to remove systematics and allows for simultaneous fitting with a polynomial component to capture nontransit astrophysical variations, such as supernova signals or stellar variability, that tend to be removed in techniques optimized for exoplanet detection. We validate our method by detrending different sources (e.g., supernovae, tidal disruption events (TDEs), exoplanet-hosting stars, fast-rotating stars) and comparing our light curves to those obtained by other pipelines when appropriate. Our supernova and TDE light curves are visually similar to those obtained by others using the ISIS image subtraction package, indicating that unpopular can be used to extract multisector light curves by preserving astrophysical signals on timescales of a TESS sector (∼27 days). We note that our method contains tuning parameters that are currently set heuristically, and that the optimal set of tuning parameters will likely depend on the particular signal the user is interested in obtaining. The unpopular source code and tutorials are freely available online.
The η Aquilae System: Radial Velocities and Astrometry in Search of η Aql B
Authors: Benedict G. Fritz , Barnes Thomas G. , Evans Nancy R. , Cochran William D. , Anderson Richard I. , McArthur Barbara E. , Harrison Thomas E.
Published: May 2022

The classical Cepheid η Aql was not included in past Leavitt Law work because of a presumed complicating orbit due to a known B9.8V companion. To determine the orbit of η Aql B, we analyze a significant number of radial velocity (RV) measurements from eight sources. With these we establish the RV variation due to Cepheid pulsation, using a model with 12 Fourier coefficients, while solving for velocity offsets required to bring the RV data sets into coincidence. RV residuals provide no evidence of orbital motion, suggesting either nearly face-on orientation or a very long period. Reanalysis of Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor astrometry now includes reference star parallax and proper motion priors from Gaia EDR3. As modeling confirmation, we reanalyze ζ Gem in parallel, deriving values for its parallax and proper motion consistent with Gaia EDR3, and consistent with the Benedict 2007 Leavitt Law. In an effort to further characterize η Aql B, we hypothesize that η Aql residuals larger than those of the associated reference stars or a parallax inconsistent with EDR3 and the Benedict 2007 Leavitt Law indicate unmodeled orbital motion. Using the astrometric noise or parallax mismatch with EDR3, we estimate possible periods and mass for η Aql B. Ascribing photocenter motion to the photometric variation of the Cepheid, η Aql A, yields a plausible separation that is consistent with a long period and explains the lack of RV variation. None of these approaches yields an unassailable characterization of the η Aql A–B system.
Optical Observations and Modeling of the Superluminous Supernova 2018lfe
Authors: Yin Yao , Gomez Sebastian , Berger Edo , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Nicholl Matt , Blanchard Peter K.
Published: May 2022

We present optical imaging and spectroscopy of SN 2018lfe, which we classify as a Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) at a redshift of z = 0.3501 ± 0.0004 with a peak absolute magnitude of M

r
= −22.1 ± 0.1 mag, one of the brightest SLSNe discovered. SN 2018lfe was identified for follow-up using our FLEET machine-learning pipeline. Both the light curve and the spectra of SN 2018lfe are consistent with the broad population of SLSNe. We fit the light curve with a magnetar central engine model and find an ejecta mass of M
ej ≈ 3.8 M
⊙, a magnetar spin period of P ≈ 2.9 ms, and a magnetic field strength of B
⊥ ≈ 2.8 × 1014 G. The magnetic field strength is near the top of the distribution for SLSNe, while the spin period and ejecta mass are near the median values of the distribution for SLSNe. From late-time imaging and spectroscopy we find that the host galaxy of SN 2018lfe has an absolute magnitude of M

r
= −17.85 ± 0.24, (L

B
= 0.029 ± 0.007L*), and an inferred metallicity of Z ≈ 0.3 Z
⊙ and star formation rate of ≈0.8 M
⊙ yr−1.
Measuring the Density Fields around Bright Quasars at z ∼ 6 with XQR-30 Spectra
Authors: Chen Huanqing , Eilers Anna-Christina , Bosman Sarah E. I. , Gnedin Nickolay Y. , Fan Xiaohui , Wang Feige , Yang Jinyi , D’Odorico Valentina , Becker George D. , Bischetti Manuela , Mazzucchelli Chiara , Mesinger Andrei , Pallottini Andrea
Published: May 2022

Measuring the density of the intergalactic medium using quasar sight lines in the epoch of reionization is challenging due to the saturation of Lyα absorption. Near a luminous quasar, however, the enhanced radiation creates a proximity zone observable in the quasar spectra where the Lyα absorption is not saturated. In this study, we use 10 high-resolution (R ≳ 10,000) z ∼ 6 quasar spectra from the extended XQR-30 sample to measure the density field in the quasar proximity zones. We find a variety of environments within 3 pMpc distance from the quasars. We compare the observed density cumulative distribution function (CDF) with models from the Cosmic Reionization on Computers simulation and find a good agreement between 1.5 and 3 pMpc from the quasar. This region is far away from the quasar hosts and hence approaching the mean density of the universe, which allows us to use the CDF to set constraints on the cosmological parameter σ
8 = 0.6 ± 0.3. The uncertainty is mainly due to the limited number of high-quality quasar sight lines currently available. Utilizing the more than 200 known quasars at z ≳ 6, this method will allow us to tighten the constraint on σ
8 to the percent level in the future. In the region closer to the quasar within 1.5 pMpc, we find that the density is higher than predicted in the simulation by 1.23 ± 0.17, suggesting that the typical host dark matter halo mass of a bright quasar (M
1450 < −26.5) at z ∼ 6 is

log

10

(

M

h

/

M

⊙

)
=

12.5

−
0.7

+
0.4

.
Large Impacts onto the Early Earth: Planetary Sterilization and Iron Delivery
Authors: Citron Robert I. , Stewart Sarah T.
Published: May 2022

Late accretion onto the Hadean Earth included large impacts that could have influenced early habitability, either by sterilizing the planet or alternatively catalyzing the origin of life by delivering iron required to create a reducing environment/atmosphere. We present 3D numerical simulations of 1500–3400 km diameter impacts on the early Earth in order to quantify their effects on planetary habitability. We find sterilizing impact events require larger projectiles than previously assumed, with a 2000–2700 km diameter impactor required to completely melt Earth’s surface and an extrapolated >700 km diameter impactor required for ocean vaporization. We also find that reducing environments are less likely to arise following large impacts than previously suggested, because >70% of the projectile iron is deposited in the crust and upper mantle where it is not immediately available to reduce surface water and contribute to forming a reducing atmosphere. Although the largest expected late-accretion impacts (∼1 lunar mass) delivered sufficient iron to the atmosphere to have reduced an entire ocean mass of water, such impacts would also have melted the entire surface, potentially sequestering condensing iron that is not oxidized quickly. The hypothesis that life emerged in the aftermath of large impacts requires an efficient mechanism of harnessing the reducing power of iron sequestered in the crust/mantle, or an origin-of-life pathway that operates in more weakly reducing post-impact environments that require smaller quantities of impact-delivered iron.
Long-term oncological outcomes of hypofractionated versus conventional fractionated whole breast irradiation with simultaneous integrated boost in early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Lertbutsayanukul Chawalit , Pitak Manida , Nantavithya Chonnipa
Published: May 2022

Purpose: For patients with early breast cancer who undergo breast-conserving surgery, adjuvant whole breast irradiation (WBI) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) results in lower radiotherapy fractions. Published studies have shown that both conventional fraction with SIB (C-SIB) and hypofractionation with SIB (H-SIB) seem to be safe and feasible. In this study, we sought to compare the oncologic outcomes between C-SIB and H-SIB in early-stage breast cancer.Materials and Methods: Stage I–II breast cancer patients who received adjuvant WBI with SIB between January 2008 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The radiation dose in the C-SIB group was 50 Gy and 65 Gy in 25 daily fractions, while in the H-SIB group, it was 43.2 Gy and 52.8 Gy in 16 daily fractions to the whole breast and tumor bed, respectively.Results: A total of 188 patients, 103 in the C-SIB group and 85 in the H-SIB group, were included. With a median follow-up time of 87 months, 7-year locoregional control of C-SIB was comparable to H-SIB (95.8% vs. 97.4%, p = 0.964). The 7-year distant metastasis-free survival rates of C-SIB and H-SIB were 89.9% and 95.9% (p = 0.111), while the 7-year disease-free survival rates were 84.2% and 95.4%, respectively (p = 0.176). In multivariate analysis, there was no significant prognostic factor associated with better overall survival. Conclusion: H-SIB provided comparable locoregional control to C-SIB. With the advantage of a shorter radiotherapy course, H-SIB could be a favorable option for WBI in early-stage breast cancer.
Silvicultural aspects of the sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) propagation – Overview
Authors: Iliev Nasko , Varbeva Lyubka , Alexandrov Neno
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze existing silvicultural experience related to the sycamore using literary data in order to optimize future work with the species. The discussion looks into matters related to: ecological requirements, seed propagation, vegetative propagation via rooting of stem cuttings and grafting, natural regeneration specifications, creating and cultivation of forest plantations, growth and productivity of the stands, and silviculture activities dedicated to the production of high-quality timber. 
Rediscovery and phylogenetic analysis of the Shelta Cave Crayfish (Orconectes sheltae Cooper & Cooper, 1997), a decapod (Decapoda, Cambaridae) endemic to Shelta Cave in northern Alabama, USA
Authors: Dooley Katherine E. , Niemiller K. Denise Kendall , Sturm Nathaniel , Niemiller Matthew L.
Published: May 2022

The Shelta Cave Crayfish (Orconectes sheltae) is a small, cave-obligate member of the genusOrconectes(family Cambaridae) endemic to a single cave system—Shelta Cave—in northwest Huntsville, Madison Co., Alabama, USA. Although never abundant, this stygobiont was regularly observed in the 1960s and early 1970s before the population and aquatic community in general at Shelta Cave collapsed likely in response to groundwater contamination and the loss of energetic inputs from a Grey Bat (Myotis grisescens) maternity colony that abandoned the cave after installation of a poorly designed cave gate. We conducted 20 visual surveys of aquatic habitats at Shelta Cave between October 2018 and July 2021. Although the aquatic community has not recovered, we did confirm the continued existence ofO. sheltae, which had not been observed in 31 years, with observations of an adult female on 31 May 2019 and an adult male on 28 August 2020. We conducted the first phylogenetic analyses ofO. sheltaeand discovered that the species is most closely related to other geographically proximate stygobiotic crayfishes in the genusCambarusin northern Alabama than members of the genusOrconectes. We advocate for recognition of this species asCambarus sheltaeto more accurately reflect evolutionary relationships of this single-cave endemic and offer recommendations for its management, conservation, and future research, as this species remains at high risk of extinction.
A redescription of the poorly known Central American toad Incilius tacanensis (Anura, Bufonidae), with a summary of its biology and conservation status
Authors: McCarthy Kathryn , Shinn Ollie , Luna-Reyes Roberto , Mendelson III Joseph R.
Published: May 2022

Based on examination of most of the existing museum specimens of the rare bufonid frog Incilius tacanensis, we present a redescription and new diagnosis for this species. The species is limited to small region of the Pacific chain of volcanoes in southeastern Chiapas, Mexico, and adjacent areas of Guatemala. The species has not been observed in the wild since 1984 and may have been reduced or eliminated by regional epidemics of chytridiomycosis.
First occurrence of the little-known genus Noteriades (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) from Vietnam: discovery of a new species and a key to the Southeast Asian fauna
Authors: Tran Ngat Thi , Engel Michael S. , Truong Lam Xuan , Nguyen Lien Thi Phuong
Published: May 2022

The little-known megachiline genus Noteriades Cockerell, 1931 is recorded from Vietnam for the first time. A new species, Noteriades hangkia Tran, Engel & Nguyen sp. nov. is described and figured based on a series of females collected from the provinces of the northern and central highlands of Vietnam. The genus is briefly discussed and a new subtribe is established, Noteriadina Engel, Tran & Nguyen subtrib. nov. of Megachilini. Lastly, an identification key and distribution map are provided for those species occurring in Southeast Asia.
Personally Generated Quality of Life Outcomes in Adults With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Tollisen Anita , Selvaag Anne M. , Aasland Astrid , Ingebrigtsen Trude , Sagen Joachim , Lerdal Anners , Flatø Berit
Published: May 2022

Objective

To explore quality of life (QOL) using the individualized Patient Generated Index (PGI) in young adults who were diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in childhood, and to examine associations between PGI ratings and standardized health-related outcome measures.

Methods

Patients (N = 79, mean age 25.1 [SD 4.2] yrs, 72% female) completed the PGI and the standardized measures: Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index, 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12; physical and mental health-related QOL [HRQOL]), Brief Pain Inventory (pain severity and interference), 5-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist, and visual analog scale for fatigue. Information on morning stiffness, medications, and demographics was also collected. Patients were compared to 79 matched controls.

Results

The most frequently nominated areas of importance for patients’ personally generated QOL (assessed by PGI) were physical activity (n = 38, 48%), work/school (n = 31, 39%), fatigue (n = 29, 37%) and self-image (n = 26, 33%). Nomination of physical activity was associated with older age, morning stiffness, and more pain interference. Nomination of fatigue was associated with current use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, whereas nomination of self-image was associated with polyarticular course JIA and pain interference. Nomination of work/school was not associated with other factors. Higher PGI scores (indicating better QOL) correlated positively with all SF-12 subscales except role emotional, and negatively with disability, pain severity, pain interference, and morning stiffness. Compared to controls, patients had more pain, poorer physical HRQOL, and less participation in full-time work or school.

Conclusion

Physical activity, work/school, fatigue, and self-image were frequently nominated areas affecting QOL in young adults with JIA. The PGI included aspects of QOL not covered in standardized measures.
Former la vie
Authors: Vuillerod Jean-Baptiste
Published: May 2022

Résumé Cet article cherche à comprendre en quel sens il est possible de parler de « forme de vie » dans le cadre de la théorie hégélienne de la Bildung . Par le terme de Bildung (formation, culture, éducation), Hegel pense l’activité qui consiste à former la vie, c’est-à-dire à faire passer la première nature de l’individu à une seconde nature sociale. De ce point de vue, la philosophie hégélienne entre en dialogue avec la philosophie sociale contemporaine dans une perspective naturaliste : elle permet de mettre en avant le rôle de la socialisation du corps naturel dans les relations de reconnaissance ou de domination.
Famille et formes de vie
Authors: Olivier Alain Patrick
Published: May 2022

Résumé Plusieurs auteurs utilisent le concept de « forme de vie », Lebensform , dans le domaine de la philosophie politique et sociale, en se référant à la philosophie de Hegel. Mais l’on ne trouve guère un tel concept dans son système. Dans cet article, nous menons une enquête sur l’origine et le sens de cette expression. Nous partons d’abord de la théorie de Rahel Jaeggi, nous faisons un détour par Eduard Spranger, avant de remonter à Hegel. Ensuite, nous discutons de la question de la famille comme cas particulier de forme de vie en confrontant la conception de Jaeggi aux textes de Hegel.
Leo Strauss et le sionisme politique dans l’Allemagne de Weimar
Authors: Altini Carlo
Published: May 2022

Résumé Leo Strauss achève sa formation intellectuelle dans une Allemagne où le sionisme est une réalité consolidée et où le phénomène du « retour » ( teshuvah ) au judaïsme distingue une large partie de la jeunesse judéo-allemande, qui est insatisfaite du statut juif dans la modernité. Cet essai vise à identifier le parcours philosophique et politique du jeune Strauss qui, à partir de la crise de modernité caractéristique de la culture de Weimar, se démarque de celui de tous les auteurs (Cohen, Rosenzweig, Buber, Scholem etc.) et mouvements juifs (Wissenschaft des Judentums, sionisme politique, sionisme culturel, sionisme religieux etc.) du début du xxe siècle en Allemagne.
Identités migrantes : genre, blanchité et britannicité dans le Hong Kong postcolonial
Authors: Leonard Pauline , Chardavoine Julia
Published: May 2022

J’explore la façon dont les femmes britanniques expatriées à Hong Kong en période postcoloniale ont recours aux notions de nationalité, de blanchité et de genre dans la construction et la manifestation de leurs identités. Devenue colonie britannique au milieu du xix e siècle, Hong Kong a été rétrocédée à la Chine en 1997, pour être ensuite constituée en « région administrative spéciale ». Aujourd’hui, les rouages administratifs de l’Empire disparaissent et emportent avec eux les conceptions de la race et de la nationalité. C’est donc l’occasion pour les Britanniques blancs de réviser les discours et les subjectivités de la blanchité, mais ils le font de manière hétérogène. Dans une perspective poststructuraliste féministe, je montre comment quatre migrantes britanniques manifestent leur britannicité et leur blanchité genrées dans ce paysage en mutation. Les modèles de positionnement sont différents et variés, chacune d’elles ayant plus ou moins recours à ces notions pour redéfinir ou remettre en question la mémoire des relations établies par l’impérialisme.
Hétérogénéisation et tensions interculturelles : l’exemple du secteur du bâtiment
Authors: Schott Annick
Published: May 2022

Cet article initie une réflexion sur la porosité entre contraintes socio-économiques et tension risquée des diversités interculturelles dans le bâtiment, illustrée par une étude de terrain auprès de dix PME néo-aquitaines. Qu’est-ce qui peut faire le lien entre les pareils et les pas pareils, pour les conjuguer ? La culture d’entreprise, de par sa dimension intra, peut jouer ce rôle de trait d’union. Ce qui soulève le rôle de l’habitus des dirigeants de PME dans la conduite de leur(s) entreprise(s). L’habitus donne, en effet, la pulsation – facilitatrice ou empêcheuse – d’un faire, en particulier autrement. Dix ans après la crise financière, le niveau de vulnérabilité de l’emploi est élevé dans ce secteur. Où se situe ce secteur au vu des difficultés des conditions de travail des équipes, conditions qui sont aggravées par le départ à la retraite de nombreux chefs d’entreprise.
Pour une approche descriptive du lawfare dans le conflit israélo-palestinien
Authors: Ferey Amélie
Published: May 2022

Résumé Quelle est la valeur analytique du lawfare ? Peut-il fournir un cadre scientifique pour analyser un conflit ? Sa politisation croissante laisse suspicieux sur sa capacité à remplir une telle ambition. Entendu normativement comme l’utilisation illégitime du droit, le lawfare fait face à trois faiblesses analytiques, pointant sa non-spécificité, sa partialité, et la fragilité de l’évaluation de l’intention. (I) Entendu de manière descriptive comme l’utilisation stratégique du droit, le lawfare a une valeur heuristique en ce qu’il permet de mettre en lumière des aménagements institutionnels visant à la pérennisation ou à la contestation d’un rapport de force. Son application au conflit israélo-palestinien fournit un cadre d’analyse sur les stratégies juridiques en présence. Alors que les dirigeants israéliens ont exclusivement utilisé le terme de manière péjorative pour délégitimer les stratégies palestiniennes une définition neutre du lawfare révèle la présence d’une stratégie juridique israélienne efficace. (II) Nous concluons en montrant qu’en dépit des faiblesses épistémologiques du concept, le lawfare met l’accent sur la diversité des manières dont le droit peut être utilisé dans des conflits armés.
De la lutte écologique au lawfare climatique ?
Authors: Estève Adrien
Published: May 2022

Résumé Alors que le concept de lawfare fait l’objet de plusieurs critiques dans la littérature juridique et politique, cet article s’intéresse au développement récent du terme de « lawfare environnemental ou climatique » pour désigner les usages stratégiques des normes environnementales et climatiques, qui viseraient à imposer une transformation écologique aux gouvernements. En prenant le cas du secteur de la défense aux États-Unis, il montre que ce terme est utilisé par certains auteurs dans le but de discréditer les campagnes juridiques lancées par des associations écologistes et des organisations non-gouvernementales (ONG) pour faire respecter le droit de l’environnement au niveau national comme international. Afin de remettre en cause cette affirmation, cette contribution propose de considérer ce lawfare environnemental ou climatique comme le prolongement d’actions en justice intentées depuis les années 1970, et qui pourraient être qualifiées d’usages protestataires plutôt que stratégiques du droit.
Apprentissage par observation combiné à l’imagerie motrice : influence du type de modèle vidéo sur la performance du lancer-franc au basket-ball chez des collégiens
Authors: Hatchi Vanessa , Nicolas Robin
Published: May 2022

Cette étude avait pour but de tester les effets du type de modèle quand l’apprentissage par observation (AO) et l’imagerie motrice (IM) complètent la pratique réelle dans une tâche de lancer-franc au basket-ball en séance d’EPS. Trente-neuf collégiens ( M age = 12.75) étaient aléatoirement répartis en 3 groupes : Contrôle, AO pair +IM et AO soi +IM. Ils ont réalisé un pré-test (10 lancer-francs) puis 4 séances d’acquisition consistant à faire 5 blocs de 2 lancer-francs. Avant chaque bloc, ils regardaient une vidéo neutre n’ayant aucun lien avec l’habileté mise en jeu dans le protocole et effectuaient une tâche de comptage à rebours (groupe Contrôle) ou observaient la vidéo d’un modèle pair (groupe AO pair +IM) ou de soi (AO soi +IM) réussissant un lancer-franc puis s’imaginaient réaliser cette même tâche. Enfin, ils ont passé un post-test identique au pré-test. Les résultats montrent que les élèves bénéficiant de la vidéo avant l’IM (groupes AO soi +IM et AO pair +IM) ont obtenu de meilleures performances que les élèves du groupe Contrôle lors du post-test, et que les élèves bénéficiant du modèle de soi ont eu des performances supérieures à celle des élèves ayant la vidéo d’un modèle pair. Les résultats sont discutés au regard des travaux de la littérature et des recommandations appliquées sont proposées aux enseignants, notamment au regard de l’individualisation des apprentissages.
Entrepreneurial skills in university degrees
Authors: Vall-llosera Casanovas Laura , Renart Vicens Gemma , Saurina Canals Carme , Serra Laura
Published: May 2022

Purpose: From a skills perspective, the academic field of entrepreneurship has grown to become a key element in university studies. Determining whether these skills exist among university students and how to foster them is a key in higher education. To this effect, the aim of this study is to determine the entrepreneurial skills’ level among the students on the different bachelor’s degrees taught at the Faculty of Business and Economics Sciences of University of Girona. Design/methodology/approach: Information about the skill level was collected using a skills model called Tricuspoid, which was specifically designed for the self-assessment of entrepreneurial skills. Information about students’ sociodemographic, professional and educational profile was collected using a self-administered complementary questionnaire. Bivariate analysis and statistical contrast were applied. Findings: Being a man, doing sport, balancing studying with paid work and accessing university studies via the vocational training pathway are indicators of a greater entrepreneurial capacity. On the other hand, being a woman, accessing university studies via baccalaureate or having no knowledge of English, however, are factors associated with a deficit in entrepreneurial talent. Originality/value: Considering the fact that attitude to entrepreneurship can be modified through educational interventions, identifying these factors enables us to formulate guidelines for teaching activities that increase students’ entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial capacity for a better integration for our students into the job market.
Effective method for detecting error causes from incoherent biological ontologies
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wu Haitao , Gao Jinfeng , Zhang Yongtao , Yao Ruxian , Zhu Yuxiang
Published: May 2022

Computing the minimal axiom sets (MinAs) for an unsatisfiable class is an important task in incoherent ontology debugging. Ddebugging ontologies based on patterns (DOBP) is a pattern-based debugging method that uses a set of heuristic strategies based on four patterns. Each pattern is represented as a directed graph and the depth-first search strategy is used to find the axiom paths relevant to the MinAs of the unsatisfiable class. However, DOBP is inefficient when a debugging large incoherent ontology with a lot of unsatisfiable classes. To solve the problem, we first extract a module responsible for the erroneous classes and then compute the MinAs based on the extracted module. The basic idea of module extraction is that rather than computing MinAs based on the original ontology $ \mathcal{O} $, they are computed based on a module $ \mathcal{M} $ extracted from $ \mathcal{O} $. $ \mathcal{M} $ provides a smaller search space than $ \mathcal{O} $ because $ \mathcal{M} $ is considerably smaller than $ \mathcal{O} $. The experimental results on biological ontologies show that the module extracted using the Module-DOBP method is smaller than the original ontology. Lastly, our proposed approach optimized with the module extraction algorithm is more efficient than the DOBP method both for large-scale ontologies and numerous unsatisfiable classes.
Optimal harvesting for a periodic $ n $-dimensional food chain model with size structure in a polluted environment
Authors: Zhang Tainian , Luo Zhixue , Zhang Hao
Published: May 2022

This study examines an optimal harvesting problem for a periodic $ n $-dimensional food chain model that is dependent on size structure in a polluted environment. This is closely related to the protection of biodiversity, as well as the development and utilization of renewable resources. The model contains state variables representing the density of the $ i $th population, the concentration of toxicants in the $ i $th population, and the concentration of toxicants in the environment. The well-posedness of the hybrid system is proved by using the fixed point theorem. The necessary optimality conditions are derived by using the tangent-normal cone technique in nonlinear functional analysis. The existence and uniqueness of the optimal control pair are verified via the Ekeland variational principle. The finite difference scheme and the chasing method are used to approximate the nonnegative T-periodic solution of the state system corresponding to a given initial datum. Some numerical tests are given to illustrate that the numerical solution has good periodicity. The objective functional here represents the total profit obtained from harvesting $ n $ species.
Crossover Food Businesses in Louisiana, United States: A Descriptive Study of Their Characteristics and Food Safety Training Needs From Public Health Inspectors’ Perspective
Authors: Xu Wenqing , Watts Evelyn , Bombet Carolyn , Cater Melissa
Published: May 2022

Objectives: Integrating retail and manufacturing enables limitless potential for food businesses, but also creates challenges for navigating within complex food safety regulations. From public health inspectors’ (PHIs) perspective, this study aimed (1) to describe the characteristics of crossover businesses in Louisiana, and (2) to evaluate regulation awareness and food safety education needs for business owners and PHIs who inspect crossover businesses.Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was administered to Louisiana Department of Health PHIs using Qualtrics®. A descriptive analysis was performed, focusing on the frequency of each item.Results: In total, 1774 retailers were conducting or planned to conduct specialized processes, while 552 food manufacturers were performing or planned to perform retail functions. Reduced oxygen packaging, the use of additives such as vinegar as a method of preservation, and smoking food as a method of preservation were observed by 62%, 36%, and 35% of the PHIs, respectively. The PHIs perceived crossover businesses as “not aware” or “somewhat aware” of the food safety regulations. The current food safety training level for these businesses was reported to range from “no training” to “some training but not sufficient.” When asked for a self-assessment, the majority of PHIs reported themselves as being “familiar” with the variance requirement for specialized processing. Their confidence in inspecting crossover businesses, however, leaned towards “not confident” or “somewhat confident.”Conclusions: To better guard public health, food safety training is needed for crossover food business owners, as well as PHIs, on regulations and conducting or inspecting specialized processes.
Algunas notas sobre las aportaciones del Almirantazgo de 1737 al comercio gaditano
Authors: Guirao de Vierna Angel
Published: May 2022

Se estudian las aportaciones que realiza el Consejo del Almirantazgo (creado el 14 de marzo de 1737) en el comercio y la navegación ultramarinas, sobre un triple campo: la promoción de las embarcaciones españolas para el transporte de mercancías, la organización del tráfico marítimo y el control del fraude.
Función de la prensa en los orígenes del liberalismo peruano: La opinión pública ante la independencia
Authors: Martínez Riaza Ascensión
Published: May 2022

Valoración de la prensa política peruana durante el proceso de independencia. El trabajo muestra cómo a través de ella puede seguirse la evolución del pensamiento político de un sector minoritario -el grupo dominante peruano-, que utiliza la prensa para defender sus posturas: que van desde el reformismo hasta el rupturismo. Queda constancia de su convicción de que la prensa era un medio fundamental de expresión de la opinión pública.