bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Aging and anti-aging: a Combo-Endocrinology overview
Authors: Diamanti-Kandarakis Evanthia , Dattilo Maurizio , Macut Djuro , Duntas Leonidas , Gonos Efstathios S , Goulis Dimitrios G , Gantenbein Christina Kanaka , Kapetanou Marianna , Koukkou Eftychia , Lambrinoudaki Irene , Michalaki Marina , Eftekhari-Nader Shahla , Pasquali Renato , Peppa Melpomeni , Tzanela Marinella , Vassilatou Evangeline , Vryonidou Andromachi , _ _
Published: March 2017

Aging and its underlying pathophysiological background has always attracted the attention of the scientific society. Defined as the gradual, time-dependent, heterogeneous decline of physiological functions, aging is orchestrated by a plethora of molecular mechanisms, which vividly interact to alter body homeostasis. The ability of an organism to adjust to these alterations, in conjunction with the dynamic effect of various environmental stimuli across lifespan, promotes longevity, frailty or disease. Endocrine function undergoes major changes during aging, as well. Specifically, alterations in hormonal networks and concomitant hormonal deficits/excess, augmented by poor sensitivity of tissues to their action, take place. As hypothalamic–pituitary unit is the central regulator of crucial body functions, these alterations can be translated in significant clinical sequelae that can impair the quality of life and promote frailty and disease. Delineating the hormonal signaling alterations that occur across lifespan and exploring possible remedial interventions could possibly help us improve the quality of life of the elderly and promote longevity.
Androgen receptor in cancer-associated fibroblasts influences stemness in cancer cells
Authors: Liao Chun-Peng , Chen Leng-Ying , Luethy Andrea , Kim Youngsoo , Kani Kian , MacLeod A Robert , Gross Mitchell E
Published: March 2017

Androgen receptor (AR) regulation pathways are essential for supporting the growth and survival of prostate cancer cells. Recently, sub-populations of prostate cancer cells have been identified with stem cell features and are associated with the emergence of treatment-resistant prostate cancer. Here, we explored the function of AR in prostate cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) relative to growth and stem cell-associated characteristics. CAFs were isolated from the murine cPten−/−L prostate cancer model and cultured with human prostate cancer epithelial (hPCa) cells. A murine-specific AR antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) was used to suppress the expression of AR in the CAF cells. CAFs express low, but significant levels of AR relative to fibroblasts derived from non-malignant tissue. CAFs promoted growth and colony formation of hPCa cells, which was attenuated by the suppression of AR expression. Surprisingly, AR-depleted CAFs promoted increased stem cell marker expression in hPCa cells. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) were increased in AR-depleted CAF cells and exhibited similar effects on stem cell marker expression as seen in the CAF co-culture systems. Clinically, elevated IFN-γ expression was found to correlate with histologic grade in primary prostate cancer samples. In summary, AR and androgen-dependent signaling are active in CAFs and exert significant effects on prostate cancer cells. IFN-γ and M-CSF are AR-regulated factors secreted by CAF cells, which promote the expression of stem cell markers in prostate cancer epithelial cells. Understanding how CAFs and other constituents of stromal tissue react to anti-cancer therapies may provide insight into the development and progression of prostate cancer.
Timing of multikinase inhibitor initiation in differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Brose Marcia S , Smit Johannes , Lin Chia-Chi , Pitoia Fabian , Fellous Marc , DeSanctis Yoriko , Schlumberger Martin , Tori Masayuki , Sugitani Iwao
Published: March 2017

There are limited treatment options for patients with radioactive iodine refractory, progressive differentiated thyroid cancer. Although there is consensus that multikinase inhibitor therapy should be considered in patients with progressive disease with considerable tumor load or symptomatic disease, uncertainty exists on the optimal timing to treat with a multikinase inhibitor, especially for asymptomatic patients. RIFTOS MKI is an international, prospective, open-label, multicenter, noninterventional study with the primary objective to compare the time to symptomatic progression from study entry in asymptomatic patients with radioactive iodine refractory, progressive differentiated thyroid cancer for whom there is a decision to initiate multikinase inhibitors at study entry (cohort 1) with those for whom there is a decision to not initiate multikinase inhibitors at study entry (cohort 2). Secondary endpoints are overall survival and progression-free survival, which will be compared between cohorts 1 and 2. Additional secondary endpoints are postprogression survival from time of symptomatic progression, duration of and response to each systemic treatment regimen and dosing of sorafenib throughout the treatment period. Asymptomatic, multikinase inhibitor-naive patients aged ≥18 years with histologically/cytologically documented differentiated thyroid cancer that is radioactive iodine refractory are eligible. Patients may receive any therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer, including sorafenib or other multikinase inhibitors if indicated and decided on by the treating physician. In total, 700 patients are estimated to be enrolled from >20 countries. Final analysis will be performed once the last enrolled patient has been followed up with for 24 months (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: Nbib2303444).
A Giant Abdominal Mass in a 23-year-old Woman
Authors: Cherbanyk Floryn , Martinet Olivier
Published: March 2017

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Reply
Authors: Van Gils Tom , Rootsaert Bianca , Bouma Gerd , Mulder Chris J.J.
Published: March 2017

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Potential pitfalls of Viekira Pak™ therapy in patients with HCV genotype 1b cirrhosis
Authors: Fofiu Crina , Dobru Daniela , Boeriu Alina
Published: March 2017

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PNPLA3 and RNF7 Gene Variants are Associated with the Risk of Developing Liver Fibrosis and Cirrhosis in an Eastern European Population
Authors: Kupcinskas Juozas , Valantiene Irena , Varkalaitė Greta , Steponaitiene Ruta , Skieceviciene Jurgita , Sumskiene Jolanta , Petrenkiene Vitalija , Kondrackiene Jurate , Kiudelis Gediminas , Lammert Frank , Kupcinskas Limas
Published: March 2017

Background & Aims: Genome-wide association studies have revealed an association between the risk of developing liver fibrosis or cirrhosis and the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PNPLA3, RNF7, MERTK and PCSK7 genes. We aimed to validate these results in an Eastern European population.Methods: We evaluated the associations between the PNPLA3 (rs738409), RNF7 (rs16851720), MERTK (rs4374383) and PCSK7 (rs236918) variants and liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in a series of consecutive patients recruited at the Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Hospital, during the period 2012-2015. The study included 317 individuals with liver cirrhosis, 154 individuals with liver fibrosis, and 498 controls. The studied SNPs were determined using RT-PCR TaqMan assays.Results: MERTK and PCSK7 SNPs were not associated with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. The PNPLA3 SNP rs738409 was associated with a higher risk of developing liver fibrosis (aOR: 1.65, P=0.001) and cirrhosis (aOR: 1.92, P=5.57*10-7). PNPLA3 genotypes were also associated with higher risk of developing liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in dominant (aOR: 1.98, P=2.20*10-5; aOR: 1.67, P=0.008, respectively) and recessive (aOR: 3.94, P=5.16*10-5; aOR: 3.02, P=0.003, respectively) models. RNF7 rs16851720 was associated with liver cirrhosis comparing CC vs. AA + CA genotypes (aOR: 0.26, P=0.020).Conclusion: Our study showed that PNPLA3 rs738409 and RNF7 rs16851720 confer an increased risk of developing liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in this Eastern European population, while the MERTK and PCSK7 SNPs are not associated with these conditions.Abbreviations: GWAS: Genome-wide association studies; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HH: hereditary hemochromatosis; MERTK: proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase MER; NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PCSK7: proprotein convertase 7; PNPLA3: patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3; RNF7: SAG sensitive to apoptosis gene; SNP: single nucleotide polymorphism.
PENGARUH SUMBER LEMAK PAKAN YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, RETENSI, SERTA KOEFISIEN KECERNAAN NUTRIEN PAKAN PADA IKAN KERAPU BEBEK, Cromileptes altivelis
Authors: Kabangnga Naftali , Palinggi Neltje N. , Laining Asda , Pongsapan Daud S.
Published: March 2017

Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan sumber lemak hewani dan nabati yang tepat dalam pakan ikan kerapu bebek. lkan kerapu bebek sebagaimana ikan kerapu lain membutuhkanprotein pakan tinggiyang berimplikasi pada tingginya harga pakan dan limpahan limbah nitrogen ke perairan lingkungannya. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi kebutuhan protein tersebut adalah dengan mengoptimalkan kebutuhan lemak dengan penggunaan sumber lemak yang tepat.
Atos rituais: eventos, agências e eficácias no Candomblé
Authors: Bassi Francesca
Published: March 2017

Resumo Os atos rituais no Candomblé desempenham importante papel em criar as condições pragmáticas para a transmissão da memória religiosa. É objetivo deste artigo mostrar como gestos performados (oferendas, limpezas, interditos rituais, etc.) mobilizam as características dos Orixás e dos signos do destino (Odus), motivando a adesão do adepto à dimensão simbólica do culto. Nestas interações de cunho ritual, objetos, alimentos, lugares, etc., perdem as conotações normais de uso e ganham uma saliência cognitiva e uma eficácia simbólica. Almeja-se, assim, determinar como a prática ritual permite a emergência de uma realidade sui generis, notadamente, de uma biografia paradoxal do adepto, acasalada com a intencionalidade das entidades (Orixás, Odus, etc.), eficácias especiais e categorias mitológicas.
Acceptance of Santo Giorno cheese typical of the Southwestern region of Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Pereira Edimir Andrade , Roncatti Roberta , Todescatto Carla , Beux Simone , Marchi João Francisco , Daltoé Marina Leite Mitterer
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT: Santo Giorno cheese, obtained from raw milk and selected autochthonous starters, is emerging as the newest typical food product from the Southwestern region of Paraná, Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the acceptance of the cheese with two ripening times of 60 and 180 days, produced in two dairy factories, testing two starters and two preservatives. Subjective sensory evaluation was applied using 129 consumers and hedonic scales for the attributes and for purchasing intent. A questionnaire involving the rate of cheese consumption was also used. The results suggested good reproducibility of the cheese preparation by the dairy factories, with no significant differences between the type of preservative used and the suitability of the two types of starter tested. An inverse relationship between hedonic scores for attributes (appearance, color, odor, texture, flavor) and ripening time was observed, except for texture. By applying multinomial logistic regression and a box plot analysis, a significant effect of age on cheese purchasing intent was verified, with a mean acceptance rate of 87.8% for 60 days ageing and 81.8% for 180 days ageing. Results revealed a possible Santo Giorno cheese public of older consumers who had a cheese consuming habit.
Berry-cluster thinning to reduce compactness of ‘Black Star’ table grapes
Authors: Roberto Sergio Ruffo , Mashima Cesar Hideki , Colombo Ronan Carlos , Assis Adriane Marinho de , Koyama Renata , Yamamoto Lilian Yukari , Shahab Muhammad , Souza Reginaldo Teodoro de
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT: The berry-cluster thinning technique was evaluated at different phenological times to prevent bunch compactness of ‘Black Star’ table grape, a new somatic mutation of ‘Brasil’ grape. The trial was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seaons in a vineyard situated in Marialva, PR, Brazil. Vines were trained in an overhead trellis system and spaced at 3x4m. The randomized block design was used as a statistical model with five replications and five treatments. The following treatments were evaluated: control; brushing prior to anthesis; and berry-cluster thinning at different times, when berries were 3-6, 7-10, or 11-15mm in diameter. The prevalence of bunch compactness was evaluated considering the levels: loose, medium loose, and dense bunches. The main physico-chemical characteristics of grapes and yield were also appraised. The data obtained were submitted to ANOVA, and toTukey’s test at 5% was applied. So, thinning is a mandatory practice to avoid bunch compactness of ‘Black Star’ grapes. The technique has to be performed, preferably, by means of brushing prior to anthesis, and the failure to accomplish this practice at this time, berry-cluster thinning when berries are 11-15mm in diameter can be used.
Problema, sentido e significado: a multiplicidade em Modelagem Matemática
Authors: Weingarten Tiago , Vecchia Rodrigo Dalla
Published: March 2017

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a multiplicidade de possibilidades para determinação de problemas inerentes à Modelagem Matemática, quando a problemática investigada parte do interesse dos estudantes. Adentro ao contexto, buscaremos compreender os aspectos referentes ao entrelaçamento entre problema, sentido e significado representados pelas proposições. O contexto de pesquisa envolveu problemas oriundos do cotidiano dos alunos matriculados nas disciplinas de Pesquisa Operacional I e II do curso de Engenharia de Produção de uma universidade do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A Abordagem metodológica foi qualitativa. Como principal resultado destacamos o papel do propositor do problema e a influência do sentido como orientador do processo de determinação do problema frente às potenciais multiplicidades de encaminhamentos apresentadas pelas significações conceituais.
Composição do zooplâncton em cinco lagos da Amazônia Central
Authors: Hardy Elsa Rodrigues
Published: March 2017

Resumo O estudo da composição, "standing-stock" e da diversidade do zooplâncton constituído por Rotifera, Cladocera e Copepoda foi realizado em cinco lagos da Amazônia Central. Estes lagos possuem características físicas, químicas e biológicas distintas, o que permite colocá-los em dois grupos: 1. lagos que apresentam maiores concentrações iônicas, maior disponibilidade de nutrientes e maior diversidade de espécies zooplanctônicas; 2. lagos, com baixa concentração de íons, poucos nutrientes e pequena diversidade de espécies zooplanctônícas. Os lagos colocados no primeiro grupo são os da "várzea" (Castanho, Redondo e Jacaretinga); no segundo grupo, ficam o Cristalino e Tarumã-mirim (lagos de terra firme). A estrutura da comunidade zooplanctônica, nos lagos da Amazônia, é periodicamente alterada pelas inundações dos rios.
Potencialidade da cultura do quiabeiro (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) em Manaus - AM ()
Authors: Bueno Carlos Roberto
Published: March 2017

Resumo Tentando-se detectar material promissor para o Programa de Melhoramento da Produção de Hortaliças da Amazônia, desenvolvido pelo INPA, foi realizado o presente estudo, incluindo-se onze diferentes variedades e populações de quiabeiro. Pelos resultados obtidos, pode concluir-se que mesmo na época de menores precipitações pluviométricas é possível cultivar essa planta em terra firme com resultados satisfatórios, alcançando-se produtividades (média e estimada) de 8,51. 7,78, 7,09, 5,74 e 5,35 toneladas de frutos frescos por hectare, respectivamente para Jari, Aripuanã I, Campinas n.° 1, Várzea e Aripuanã II (sem diferenças estatística entre elas) que se apresentaram mais promissoras para a região de Manaus.
Observações adicionais sobre os pigmentos visuais e filtros amarelos nos olhos de peixes amazônicos
Authors: Muntz W. R. A.
Published: March 2017

Resumo Em um trabalho anterior (Muntz, 1973), foram apresentados dados sobre os pigmentos visuais de alguns peixes amazônicos, estudados através da medição da absorvância espectral de pequenas áreas de retinas intactas. Em alguns casos, as córneas e lentes foram encontradas, contendo pigmentos filtradores amarelos, para os quais dados de absorvância espectral também foram apresentados. O presente artigo representa uma extensão daquele trabalho, efetuado durante a Fase 5 do cruzeiro Alpha-Helix ao sistema do rio Amazonas em 1977. Os peixes para estudo foram coletados, durante janeiro e fevereiro, de nove locais próximos a Manaus, com ambientes luminosos muito diferentes, e as absorvâncias espectrais de suas retinas, lentes e córneas medidas. Com a exceção de uma espécie de gymnotideo e uma espécie de tetraodontiforme, todos os espécimes foram cichlídeos ou characíneos.
Conspecto das espécies brasileiras de Pseudachorutinae, com descrição de uma espécie nova da Colômbia (Insecta, Collembola)
Authors: Arlé Roger
Published: March 2017

Resumo Vinte e duas espécies de Pseudachorutinae pertencentes à fauna brasileira são citadas. É dado um esquema da distribuição geográfica do grupo no Brasil de acordo com os nossos conhecimentos atuais. Duas espécies ocorrem praticamente em todas as regiões naturais brasileiras, quatorze ocorrem na Amazônia, doze no Sudeste e seis no Nordeste. Uma espécie nova de Neotropiella Handschin, 1942, é descrita da região andina central da Colômbia (Páramo Purace 3000 m.alt.). É feito um relato de observações realizadas no litoral do Pará sobre a bionomia da espécie talassobionte Halachorutes schusteri Arlé, 1965, assim como sua reprodução e desenvolvimento em laboratório. Foi reencontrada a espécie Pseudanurida sawayana Schuster, 1965 num mangue do Recife. Outra espécie marinha Anurida maritima (Guérin), 1838 ocorre de Pernambuco até o litoral sul.
DOS ‘RECURSOS HUMANOS’ À GESTÃO DO TRABALHO: UMA ANÁLISE DA LITERATURA SOBRE O TRABALHO NO SUS
Authors: Santini Stela Maris Lopes , Nunes Elisabete de Fátima Polo de Almeida , Carvalho Brígida Gimenez , Souza Francisco Eugênio Alves de
Published: March 2017

Resumo O estudo que deu origem a este artigo apresentou os resultados de revisão integrativa de literatura sobre a gestão do trabalho no Sistema Único de Saúde, tendo como objetivo analisar as diferentes contribuições científicas na área, as experiências e estratégias desenvolvidas pelos municípios. Utilizou-se para a coleta de dados as bases PubMed e SciELO em 2014. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, analisaram-se 22 artigos. O maior número deles foi publicado no biênio 2010–2011 e referia-se a municípios de grande porte ou estados. Foram construídas duas categorias temáticas: concepções de gestão de trabalho e questões relacionadas à vida funcional do trabalhador, como provimento e garantia de direitos trabalhistas. Verificaram-se a evolução do termo recursos humanos para a concepção de gestão do trabalho; o processo de expansão dos empregos públicos na esfera municipal e as diversas formas de seleção adotadas; a desprecarização dos vínculos trabalhistas a partir dos anos 2000; dificuldades de atração e fixação de profissionais e a não consolidação do plano de carreira, cargos e salários como instrumento estratégico para a gestão do trabalho. Evidenciaram-se a complexidade do tema e a necessidade de constantes estudos pela sua importância para o Sistema Único de Saúde.
Alberto Mussa e a tradução
Authors: Comellas Pere
Published: March 2017

resumo A tradução - falsa ou autêntica - tem um papel importante na obra de Alberto Mussa. As presumíveis fontes dos seus romances incluem línguas como o árabe, o tupi, o francês ou o alemão, e o próprio autor ensaia também a tradução, num exercício que revela uma ideia muito borgeana da tradução: em literatura não há origem, só há reescrituras. A tradução na obra de Mussa é usada como pretexto, como recurso estético e narrativo, e também como evidência de uma concepção da linguagem humana como jogo e como fim em si mesmo. Para Mussa, como para Borges, traduzir não é repetir, mas recriar, e o tradutor, quer queira quer não, está condenado a ser poeta, visto que “as palavras não são nem sequer sinônimas de si mesmas”.
A propósito de um irmão alemão: a ficcionalização de um assunto internacional de família
Authors: Wink Georg
Published: March 2017

resumo Num contexto de reivindicações na literatura brasileira, veiculadas por novas vozes sociais, qual é a relevância de um grande nome da cultura brasileira, Chico Buarque (*1944), aos 70 anos, tomar conhecimento da existência de um meio-irmão alemão, Sergio Günther Ernst (1930-1981)? Irmão com quem nunca teve contato algum, já falecido há 30 anos? A princípio, nenhuma. Entretanto, o incidente internacional na história familiar do autor serviu como inspiração e fábula para o romance O irmão alemão, publicado em 2014, que se revela uma obra complexa pela sua transgressão de divisões de caráter diegético, político e cronológico. Neste artigo, pretendo examinar como a narrativa combina fatos e, inclusive, documentos históricos com uma trama imaginativa; como explora, indiretamente, a história traumática de regimes autoritários; e como trabalha, por meio de um “romance familiar”, as fantasias pelas quais estabelece vínculos com o pai e os irmãos.
Prevalence and in vitro susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) from skin and nostrils of dogs with superficial pyoderma
Authors: Botoni Larissa S. , Scherer Carolina B. , Silva Rodrigo O. , Coura Fernanda M. , Heinemann Marcos B. , Paes-Leme Fabiola O. , Costa-Val Adriane P.
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT: In order to assess the prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from skin and nostrils of dogs with pyoderma, to determine its in vitro susceptibility, and to correlate these data with the presence of the mecA gene, 43 dogs were selected. Samples were collected from secretion of their skin lesions and right nostril, cultured, and analyzed for phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the bacteria studied. In 62 samples (91%) the microorganism was classified as S. pseudintermedius. The rate of resistance against antibiotics ranged from 7% (amikacin; 4/62) to 77% (sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim; 48/62). Resistance against oxacillin was found in 34% of the samples (21/62). Twenty-five samples (37%) were strains that carried the mecA gene. A significant correlation (P<0.01) was found between presence of the mecA gene and oxacillin resistance. Seventeen dogs were mecA gene carriers, and 8 (47%) of them had the gene in the skin lesions and nostril. A significant correlation (P<0.01) was also observed between the presence of mecA gene in the skin lesions and nostrils. Oxacillin resistance in vitro can be safely used to indicate the presence of mecA gene in MRSP samples. The nostrils can be a reservoir of MRSP in dogs.
Opiniao das maes sobre a posicao do bebe dormir apos campanha nacional: estudo de base populacional no extremo sul do Brasil
Authors: Cesar Juraci Almeida , Cunha Carolina Fischer , Sutil Andrea Tomasi , Santos Gabriela Breitembach dos
Published: March 2017

OBJETIVOS: avaliou-se o conhecimento materno sobre a posição do bebê dormir após campanha nacional. MÉTODOS: aplicou-se questionário padronizado às mães que tiveram filho em 2010 em Rio Grande, RS. RESULTADOS: dentre as 2395 mães entrevistadas, 20% referiram conforme campanha o decúbito dorsal como a melhor posição para o bebê dormir. Destas, 39% disseram ter obtido este conhecimento junto à campanha nacional. Dentre aquelas que indicaram o decúbito lateral como posição correta, 74% disseram ter aprendido com suas mães. CONCLUSÕES: evidencia-se potencial impacto da campanha nacional e importante influência da avó materna sobre a opinião das mães em colocar o bebê para dormir em decúbito dorsal.
Lipoleiomyoma associated to uterine prolapse: a case report
Authors: Lorenzi Dino Roberto Soares De , Lucena Luzia Fernanda
Published: March 2017

INTRODUCTION: lipoleiomyoma is a rare benign tumor of the uterus, with an incidence ranging between 0.03% and 0.2%. DESCRIPTION: the authors report a case of lipoleiomyoma diagnosis in an 82-year-old woman with a totally prolapsed uterus. DISCUSSION: lipoleiomyoma is most common among postmenopausal women and is associated with ordinary leiomyomas. Histologically it is composed of smooth muscle, adipocytes and fibrous tissue. In general asymptomatic, the diagnosis usually involves imaging studies such as ultrasound and computed tomography of the pelvis.
Association between vitamin d levels and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Batista Rodrigo Martins Borges Ferreira , Martins Délio Eulálio , Wajchenberg Marcelo , Lazaretti Marise , Puertas Eduardo Barros , Terreri Maria Teresa de Sande e Lemos Ramos Ascensão , Hayashi Lilian Fukusima
Published: March 2017

Objective: To compare the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with AIS and a control group. Methods: The patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic of our institution during the year of 2013. Children diagnosed with scoliosis before 10 or after 18 years of age, and those suffering from neurological or muscular disorders, congenital malformations or genetic syndromes were excluded. The 25-OHD levels were determined by a fully automated electrochemiluminescence test. The appropriate level of 25-OHD was defined as greater than 30 ng/mL. The results were compared to a group of healthy individuals. Results: In group 1 (control) 63,3% showed abnormal vitamin D levels, while 91% of patients with AIS presented a low level of vitamin D. The mean BMI was 19.6 kg/m2 for controls and 20.3 kg/m2 for group 2. Statistical analysis showed significant difference (p<0.0001) between the levels of vitamin D. The average and minimum levels of vitamin D were respectively 27 and 13.6 ng/mL for group 1 and 18.8 and 3.13 ng/mL for AIS group. Conclusions: Patients with AIS had statistically significant lower levels of 25-OHD than healthy patients. Further research should be conducted to investigate the actual impact of serum vitamin D levels on the pathophysiology of AIS.
Prevalência do Diagnóstico de DPOC em Pacientes internados com Cardiopatia Isquêmica em um Hospital Universitário no interior do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Freitas Ana Luisa Machado , Chaves Jessica , Krummenauer Maria Luiza , Tomilin Betania Andres , Ourique Flávia , Fuhr Luís Gustavo , Porciúncula Artur Sabbi , Frey Alessandra Caren , Rodrigues Marcelo Tadday , Pilletti Karine , Fernandes Ramona , Rodrigues Marcelo Tadday
Published: March 2017

Justificativa e objetivos: A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) é um problema de saúde pública e tem recebido crescente atenção nos últimos anos. Buscouse avaliar qual a proporção dos pacientes que internaram por cardiopatia isquêmica (CI) tinham história de exposição a fatores de risco e/ou haviam sido diagnosticados como portadores de DPOC. Métodos: estudo transversal, observacional, do tipo prospectivo. Foram selecionados todos os pacientes, acima de 18 anos, lúcidos e que concordaram em participar do estudo, internados no período de setembro de 2014 a junho de 2015, com o diagnóstico de CI. Os dados analisados foram analisados no programa SPSS 22.0. Resultados: foram incluídos 69 pacientes que internaram com diagnóstico de CI nos anos de 2014 e 2015. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 65 anos e destes, 35 (50,7%) eram do sexo masculino. A média da duração de internação desses pacientes foi de 3 dias. Os pacientes que apresentavam diagnóstico de DPOC e estavam em tratamento eram 6 (8,69%), e os que haviam realizado espirometria prévia totalizavam 5 (7,24%). Quanto às manifestações respiratórias nos pacientes com CI, 25 pacientes (64,1%) apresentavam tosse, expectoração ou dispneia. Houve um relato de 8,7% dos pacientes já terem sido diagnosticados previamente como portadores de DPOC. Conclusões: Apesar da alta prevalência de sintomas respiratórios e exposição a fatores de risco, pacientes com DPOC tem maior número de eventos e maior mortalidade por cardiopatia isquêmica, nosso estudo sugere que existe uma alta porcentagem de subdiagnóstico de DPOC em pacientes internados por cardiopatia isquêmica em nosso meio.portadores de DPOC. Conclusões: Apesar da alta prevalência de sintomas respiratórios e exposição a fatores de risco, pacientes com DPOC tem maior número de eventos e maior mortalidade por cardiopatia isquêmica, nosso estudo sugere que existe uma alta porcentagem de subdiagnóstico de DPOC em pacientes internados por cardiopatia isquêmica em nosso meio.
Application of Cooperative Learning Strategies (CLS) for Students’ Focused Teaching (SFT) in EFL Class: An Experimental Study in the Summer Remedial Course for Adult Learners
Authors: Raja Muhammad Sabboor Hussain , Qureshi Abdus Salam A. Rehman , Albesher Khaled Besher
Published: March 2017

Cooperative Learning Strategies (CLS) for Students Focused Teaching (SFT), known as 'students-centered learning' (SCL), is the acknowledged pedagogical strategy. This research article is based on an experiment in an EFL class and analyses various fundamental aspects of CLS concentrating on the classroom barriers, diagnosis of students' linguistic problems and the results of the adopted strategies. During eight weeks of teaching instructions, three tests of integrated Reading and Writing skills were conducted in Level-3/4 classes in Preparatory Years Program with intervals. The students were given treatment through two different methodologies viz., Cooperative Learning Strategy and Traditional Learning Strategy (TLS) in two different groups. It was hypothesized that CLS would motivate them to participate in the classroom activities. Major research findings are that to achieve teaching objectives successfully, motivated and trained teachers are required to handle the students who do not cooperate in the CLS implementation process. The study also found out other pedagogical problems in the process of implementation by comparing CLS and TLS. The comparative analysis of the experimental and the controlled groups revealed that there was no significant impact of CLS on adult EFL learners. The study discusses the factors for the lack of CLS impact on the EFL learners and gives recommendations.
Teaching Materials Development for Basic General Course of Indonesian Language Class Based on Culture Values Elompungi (Elong) Bugis Literature
Authors: Hamsiah Hamsiah , Tang Muhammad Rafi , Tolla Achmad , Jufri Jufri
Published: March 2017

This research aims to design basic course learning materials (MKDU) Indonesian Language for University students Bosowa Makassar, by integrating the values of local culture in the form of classical poetry (Elompugi) as an alternative, in efforts to preserve the local culture, a way to appreciate literary works become teaching material based on character education. The main problems of this research are: (1) how to identify and develop Elompugi values as course materials for the basic course like Indonesian language course? Model development for teaching materials and learning tools that will be used in this study refers to the design of Jerold E. Kemp in Yamin (2012) divides the nine components: (1) The results are to be achieved, (2) analysis of test subjects, (3) special purpose of learning, (4) learning activities, (5) learning resources, (6) the supporting facilities, (7) the study evaluation, (8) the initial tests, (9) the learning characteristics. This is demonstrated by a mean response of each respondent is 4.00 (respondents 1) and 4.40 (respondent 2) with a mean total of 4.20. This is proved by a mean response of each respondent is 4.00 (respondents 1) and 4.40 (respondent 2) with a total average of 4.30.
An Analysis of Phonics Teaching in Mainland China
Authors: Cao Min
Published: March 2017

This article tries to analyze the present status of phonics teaching in Mainland China by using documentary research method through sorting out all the essays about phonics teaching in CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) according to their research contents and research methods. The data collected shows that Phonics, Pinyin and IPA are mainly discussed topics, especially different roles of them in English teaching. Unfortunately, misconceptions about phonics do appear in some of those essays collected, while localization of phonics is emerging. This paper seems to shed light on a general overview of English phonics teaching in Mainland China for English teachers and researchers and cope up with the difficult points and conflicts to provide improvement for phonics teaching.
The Effectiveness of Meaningful Approach in Enhancing Students’ Speaking Skill at German Language Study Program, Faculty of Languages and Literature, State University of Makassar
Authors: Usman Misnawaty , Mahmud Alimuddin , Rahman Muhammad Asfah , Manda Darman
Published: March 2017

This study aims at determining the effectiveness of meaningfulness approach in enhancing students’ speaking skill at German Language Study Program, Faculty of Languages and Literature, State University of Makassar. This study used a Pre - Experimental Design, and applied one group pre-test - post-test design. The population was the fifth semester student years 2011-2012 at the German language education study program with the total sample was 64 students by using total sampling method. Inferential statistics analysis in form of t-test was used to test research hypothesis. The result of this study showed that t = 4,09 is higher than t- table (t table = 1,999) at the significance level 0.05 or 4 , 09 ≥ 1,999 . The result showed that the meaningfulness approach was effective in enhancing students’ speaking skill at German Language Study Program, Faculty of Languages and Literature, State University of Makassar.
The Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning Strategy through English Village for Teaching Speaking Skill
Authors: Hengki Hengki , Jabu Baso , Salija Kisman
Published: March 2017

This study has five main purposes (1) to investigate the effectiveness of Cooperative Learning (CL) strategy through English Village (EC) for teaching  speaking in communicative language function (2) to investigate the effectiveness of teaching speaking in transactional language  function (3) to know the significance change on self confidence after being taught through English Village EV using CL strategy. (4) to know the significance change on self interest (5) to know the significance change on self regulation. The study was experimental by using one-group pretest-posttest design. The target population of this study was, in fact, is all students of English education department of private university or colleges in Indonesia. However, while the accessible population was only students of English department at the Islamic university of Kalimantan. The result of dependent t-test turned out to confirm that CL strategy through EV is effective to teach speaking skill for both, communicative and academic language function. The result of Wilcoxon test turn out to confirm that CL strategy through English is in significance change of the students’ internal factors.
L’ENSEIGNEMENT DU FRANÇAIS LANGUE-CULTURE : REPRÉSENTATIONS, ENJEUX ET CHOIX
Authors: BENTAYEB Razika
Published: March 2017

RÉSUMÉ. S’il est légitime que chaque langue-culture en tant que système ait ses défenseurs qui veillent à la préserver en gagnant plus d’espace par rapport à d’autres systèmes, la classe du français langue étrangère, dans le contexte algérien, se présente comme un des lieux de rencontre des langues-cultures, d’échanges mais aussi de tensions, voulu par les politiques comme un lieu de défense et de préservation. Sachant que l’institution éducative algérienne veille à la formation de la personnalité des apprenants en prenant en charge en premier lieu les valeurs identitaires qui se déploient à travers la notion d’algérianité; ainsi préserver la culture des apprenants c’est préserver l’algérianité de ces derniers. Mais, en quoi et comment peut-elle contribuer à la préservation des intérêts identitaires nationaux à travers l’enseignement d’une langue étrangère à savoir le FLE ? Les résultats de l’analyse du manuel scolaire de français de la 3ème AS ont démontré que l’institution éducative algérienne propose un enseignementapprentissage du français langue étrangère réduit de sa substance culturel alors que les didacticiens insistent plus que jamais sur le fait que l’on ne peut enseigner-apprendre une langue sans sa culture. Mots-clés : FLE, l’écart, institution éducative, manuel scolaire, représentation.  ABSTRACT. While it is legitimate that each language-culture as a system has its defender who are careful to preserve it by gaining more space compared to other systems, the class of French as a foreign language, in the Algerian context, presents itself as one of the meeting places of languages and cultures, exchanges but also tensions, wanted by politicians as a place of defense and preservation. Knowing that the Algerian educational institution is concerned with the formation of personality, which is the first component of the overall profile, learners in the first name in charge first of all of the identity values deployed through the notion of Algerianism; Thus preserving the culture of the learners is preserving the algerianity of the latter. However, what and how can it contribute to the preservation of national identity interests through the teaching of a foreign language, the FLE? The results of the analysis of the French textbook of the third ASE showed that the educational institution proposes a teaching-learning of the FLE reduced of its cultural substance whereas the didacticians insist that one can not teach- Learn a language without her culture. Keywords : educational institution, FLE, gap, representation, textbook
CONCEVOIR UN COURS HYBRIDE EN FRANÇAIS DES AFFAIRES
Authors: KAMÉNOVA Svetla
Published: March 2017

RÉSUMÉ. Les nouvelles réalités mondiales nous placent dans un contexte d’enseignement/apprentissage hétérogène. La recrudescence des mouvements migratoires, la mobilité interuniversitaire, la conciliation études-travail-famille, par exemple, modifient le profil des classes qui sont dorénavant constituées d’étudiants aux niveaux de connaissances divers, aux parcours éducatifs variés, aux styles d’apprentissage différents. Quelles seraient les solutions didactiques pour gérer l’hétérogénéité en classe? Le mode hybride s’en avère une, avec sa flexibilité et son efficacité surtout pour les apprenants adultes. Hyperliens, vidéos, forums de discussion, collaborations en direct et différé sont quelques-uns des outils multimédias que nous utilisons dans notre cours mixte « Le français des affaires » de l’Université Concordia (Canada) et grâce auxquels les participants profitent de la variété des profils présents dans la classe. Ce mode comporte aussi des contraintes : accorder plus de temps tant pour le professeur que pour les étudiants, établir une complémentarité nécessaire entre séances en présentiel et à distance, posséder une dextérité technique. Mots-clés : apprentissage/enseignement, étudiant-acteur, formule hybride, hétérogénéité, TIC.  ABSTRACT. The new global realities create a heterogeneous teaching/learning context. The resurgence of migratory movements, inter-university mobility, and the school-workfamily balance, for example, modify the composition of classes, which are henceforth made up of students with varying levels of knowledge, varied educational backgrounds, and different learning styles. What are the didactic solutions for managing heterogeneity in the classroom? The blended mode, with its flexibility and effectiveness especially for adult learners, is one of them. Hyperlinks, videos, discussion forums, online and offline collaborations are some of the multimedia tools we use in our “Business French” class at Concordia University (Canada), where participants benefit from the variety of student profiles. This mode also has constraints: the need to allow more time for both professor and students, the need to establish complementarity between face-to-face and online sessions, and the requirement of technical skills. Keywords: blended learning, heterogeneity, ICT, learning/teaching, student-actor.
A importância do trabalho e o trabalho decente em uma empresa do setor automotivo: dilemas na relação entre indivíduos e organização
Authors: Maitan Filho Pedro Luiz , Simoes Janaina Machado
Published: March 2017

Estudos relacionados à configuração do trabalho industrial têm se multiplicado nos últimos anos em virtude, principalmente, da instabilidade econômica surgida a partir de meados de 2008. A instabilidade de segmentos importantes para a indústria – como o setor automotivo – tem despertado o interesse de diversos pesquisadores acerca dos seus impactos sobre as condições de vida dos trabalhadores. Sendo assim, o presente artigo buscou analisar as relações existentes entre a importância do trabalho e as perspectivas de trabalho decente para os engenheiros de uma montadora de veículos, identificada pelo nome ALFA. Ao longo de quatro meses foram entrevistados doze engenheiros de processos deste grupo automotivo por meio de um roteiro semiestruturado. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram como a vida dessas pessoas tem sido afetada em termos de escolhas, representação social e, em alguns casos, internalização de culpas pelo aparente fracasso vigente. Também foi possível verificar dilemas na relação entre indivíduos e organização, especialmente quanto à falta de expectativa profissional e desilusões com a empresa; sinalizando assim a relevância da discussão sobre o trabalho decente no setor automotivo.
A IMPRENSA NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO: CORRESPONDÊNCIAS SOBRE INSTRUÇÃO PÚBLICA COMO FONTE E OBJETO DE PESQUISA
Authors: Sena Fabiana , Oliveira Bianca Machado de , Sousa Larisse Lima de
Published: March 2017

O estudo busca dar visibilidade ao processo de catalogação das cartas sobre instrução pública nos jornais O Araripe (1850-1860), O Cearence (1840-1899), Diário do Maranhão (1855-1858), Publicador Maranhense (1842-1886), Diário de Pernambuco (1825-1888) e Argos Pernambucano (1850-1852), Diário da Bahia (1833-1838) e Correio da Bahia (1871-1878). A escrita dessas cartas é ordinária de sujeitos que compuseram a instrução pública da época, professores, diretores da instrução pública e das escolas e de anônimos. A pesquisa permitiu catalogar esses escritos, servindo de fonte para pesquisas sobre Instrução e Império no Brasil. Neste trabalho, buscamos traçar os caminhos metodológicos utilizados, bem como as técnicas usadas para a execução da investigação. Os discursos apresentados, neste trabalho, demonstram que os signatários escreviam para o jornal para dar parecer, avisar, reclamar, pedir, noticiar, repreender... Com efeito, dar visibilidade a esses discursos sob a escrita epistolar é relevante por serem históricos e de serem de sujeitos que atuaram na instrução pública, já que a imprensa apresenta flagrantes sobre o cotidiano escolar de tempos passados, por meio de uma sociedade de correspondência que havia nesse suporte textual, veículo de comunicação mais comum do período.
«Vanishing heritability» – a new paradox in the context of an old problem
Authors: Mariutina T.M.
Published: March 2017

«Vanishing heritability» is a linguistic metaphor, reflecting the phenomenonof noncoincidence between impact assessments for the operation of the genotype of the psyche in norm and pathology, which are fixed in two different methods: population-related and molecular-genetic. On the one hand, population-based studies of kinship (twins, siblings, parents-children), when assessing their cognitive and personality traits, have received high values of the basic statistic index - heritability. On the other hand, the molecular-genetic research has shownthat certain genetic polymorphisms cannot explain a large part ofheritabilityof this kind of psyche both in normal and pathology. The article deals with the background of the problem, examines the possible causes of this phenomenon and the ways out of the situation.
What functional brain studies have revealed about face and facial expression perception?
Authors: Korolkova O.A.
Published: March 2017

The models of face perception mechanisms have been substantially extended recently by the results obtained with functional brain mapping studies. The current paper reviews the studies that help to define more precisely the functional organization of the distributed facial system. We explore the issue of independence versus interrelation of face identification and expression recognition; compare the mechanisms of static and dynamic faces perception, as well as face-in-context perception. We emphasize the importance of higher ecological validity of face perception and its brain mechanisms.
Future Directions in Supported Decision-Making
Authors: Arstein-Kerslake Anna , Watson Joanne , Browning Michelle , Martinis Jonathan , Blanck Peter
Published: March 2017

Supported decision-making is at the forefront of modern disability research. This is due to Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), which creates a state obligation to provide support for the exercise of legal capacity. This turned the practice of supported decision-making into a human rights imperative. Government and funding agencies are increasingly focusing their attention on the area. Researchers are similarly increasing their interest in the field. The impending danger is that the rush of interest in the area will overshadow the original intention of supported decision-making: to ensure that people with cognitive disability are provided with the freedom and the tools to participate as equal citizens and for every individual to be free to direct their own life. This article explores the theoretical foundations of supported decision-making and the evolution of supported decision-making research. It explains the research that is emerging in leading jurisdictions, the United States and Australia, and its potential to transform disability services and laws related to decision-making. Finally, it identifies areas of concern in the direction of such research and provides recommendations for ensuring that supported decision-making remains protective of the rights, will and preferences of people with cognitive disability.