bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of flunixin meglumine on pain associated with cautery disbudding on dairy goat kids
Authors: Martínez Gabriela Marcela , Suárez Víctor Humberto , Hempstead Melissa , Alfaro Emilio , Caro Luis Colque , Alfaro José
Published: April 2022

At 7 days of age, 30 goat kids were randomly allocated to three groups: Sham (Sh) control, (i.e., simulating disbudding); Disbudding (Di), using thermal cauterization; Disbudding + Flunixin (DiFl), thermal cauterization + flunixin meglumine (2.2 mg/kg body weight). Each kid was video-recorded for 30 min before and after treatment to evaluate the frequency of head shaking, head scratching, body shaking, grooming, head rubbing, jumping, running, and bleating. Blood samples were taken 30 minutes after disbudding to evaluate serum cortisol concentrations and white blood cell count. Heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) were measured using a stethoscope. Liveweight of goat kids was recorded at birth, the day before and 7 days after treatment, and at 25 days of age. The mean frequency of behaviors, such as head shaking (Sh: 3.42 ± 3.58; Di: 37.5 ± 47.8; DiFl: 4.02 ± 2.76) and head scratching (Sh: 2.2 ± 1.8; Di: 33.32 ± 31.2; DiFl: 4.42 ± 3.72) after treatment (corrected by pre-treatment values) were higher (p = 0.0001) in Di than in Sh and DiFl, and the frequency of jumping was higher (p = 0.022) for Di (3.74 ± 2.24) than that of DiFl (0.39 ± 0.92). The remaining behaviors did not show differences (p > 0.05). HR and RR were higher (HR: p < 0.0048; RR: p < 0.035) in group Di (HR: 156 ± 13.6; RR: 66 ± 14.8) than in Sh (HR: 138 ± 8.48; RR: 55.6 ± 5.4) and in DiFl (HR: 136 ± 6.38; RR: 52.8 ± 4.13). No differences were detected between liveweight, white blood cell count data (p > 0.05). Based on the results, it appears that flunixin meglumine reduced pain associated with disbudding and improves animal welfare.
Increased ACL impacts maternal diabetes induced neural tube defects by promoting modification of H3K27ac through Gadd45g pathway
Authors: Bai Baoling , Xiao Zonghui , Zhou Zhenzhen , Wan Chunlei , Li Dan , Liu Lingyun , Sun Chunrong , Bao Yihua , Li Huili , Zhang Qin
Published: April 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) in early pregnancy increases the risk of offspring neural tube defects (NTDs). Enzymes regulated histone acetylation has been reported lin ked to this pathogenic process. While few studies focus on the intermediate acetyl-CoA, a substrate source of histone acetylation modification to maternal DM induced NTDs. Here, by using HPLC-MS/MS, western blot (WB) et al., technologies, we report that ATP citrate lyase (Acl), metabolic enzyme of glucose related tricarboxylic acid cycle, increased expressed in human and mice DM related NTDs, which further induced acetyl-CoA accumulation, and subsequently upregulated histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac). Elevated H3K27ac reduce to target the neural tube closure genes: Gadd45g, Ddit3. Once inhibition of Acl, the glucose- induced suppression of Gadd45g can be alleviated by downregulation of the level of H3K27ac both in vivo and in vitro, which is a possible mechanism leading to NTDs. Our results indicated that high glucose regulates NTDs related genes by increasing Acl and up-regulating the level of H3K27ac, provide a new pathogenic mechanism for DM related NTDs.
The Effects of Childhood Experience on Later-Life Physical Activity
Authors: Leith Chayse
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Metabolic illnesses are currently a worldwide pandemic. Physical activity is a widely accepted method to improve metabolic health. Identifying aspects of childhood experience that positively affect a person's life-long physical activity levels is vital to reducing the effects of metabolic illness. Objective: To gain perspective of child-parent relationship qualities that correlate with positive metabolic health and physical activity levels into adulthood. Methodology: 233 participants participated in a survey gathering information on self-reported physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and familial background. Five subjects then participated in interviews, building in-depth insight into the information provided in the survey. Results: Subjects belonging to families with a lack of perceived support for sports participation were significantly more likely to be classified as sedentary adults. Discussion: Correlations between physical activity's ubiquity align with positive health outcomes. Parental support plays an instrumental role in a person's motivation and continuation of healthy lifestyle choices. Conclusion: Parental support and fulfillment of basic needs within childhood have strong predictability power over a person's adult metabolic health.
Risk factors of frailty and functional disability in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional analysis of the FREEDOM-LNA Cohort Study
Authors: Tchalla Achille , Laubarie-Mouret Cécile , Cardinaud Noëlle , Gayot Caroline , Rebiere Marion , Dumoitier Nathalie , Rudelle Karen , Druet-Cabanac Michel , Laroche Marie-Laure , Boyer Sophie
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Frailty is a geriatric syndrome associated with disability and negative health outcome. To determine the factors associated with frailty and functional disability in older subjects living in community in France. We included 753 community-dwelling old subjects with available frailty data at baseline.RESULTS: Overall, 31.9% were frail, 58.3% were prefrail, and 9.8% were robust. The SMAF score was significantly lower (mean ± standard deviation: -25.8±11.2) in frail participants compared to prefrail (-14.3±9.7) or robust participants (-8.1±7.0); 82% of frail older participants had limitation in at least one ADL and 97.5% in at least one IADL compared to 54.2% and 76.8%, respectively of pre-frail and 29.7% and 47.3% of robust participants. Age, depression, impaired cognition and diabetes were significantly associated with higher odds of frailty. These variables were also strongly associated with functional disability. Female gender, polymedication, and smoking were additional variables significantly associated with degraded SMAF and/or ADL/IADL. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that functional disability increased proportionally to frailty, and depression, cognitive decline and diabetes are modifiable risk factors significantly associated with frailty and functional disability.
The causal relationship between HIV-1 infection and the spectrum of Coronavirus disease 2019: a Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Ma Ziyan , Chen Qiaosen , He Jingwen , Feinstein Matthew J , Mimiaga Matthew J , Jiang Hongbo
Published: April 2022

There is currently little available evidence about the causal relationship between HIV infection and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and these relationships may differ across populations and socioeconomic contexts. In this study, two-sample Mendelian randomisation analyses were conducted using summary-level data from genome-wide association studies of the European ancestry population. We initially examined the causality from HIV-1 infection to the spectrum of COVID-19 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, COVID-19 hospitalisation, and very severe respiratory disease]. Then we additionally tested the causality from socioeconomic-position (SEP) indicators (educational attainment and household income) to HIV-1 infection, and from educational attainment and household income to the spectrum of COVID-19. We also tested the causality from HIV-1 infection to body height as a negative control. Null causality from HIV-1 infection to the spectrum of COVID-19 was found. The risk of HIV-1 infection significantly decreased as educational attainment and household income increased. Higher educational attainment was causally associated with lower odds of the spectrum of COVID-19. Higher household income was causally associated with lower odds of COVID-19 hospitalisation and very severe respiratory disease. Negative control shared a similar result with the estimates between HIV-1 infection and the spectrum of COVID-19. We concluded that HIV-1 infection was not causally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalisation, and very severe respiratory disease. Reduction in socioeconomic inequality could potentially ameliorate COVID-19-related and HIV-related health inequities.
Improving the accuracy of self-reported height and weight in surveys: An experimental study
Authors: Dyke Nina Van , Drinkwater Eric J , Rachele Jerome N
Published: April 2022

Background
Many studies rely on self-reported height and weight. While a substantial body of literature exists on misreporting of height and weight, little exists on improving accuracy. The aim of this study was to determine, using an experimental design, whether the accuracy of self-reported height and weight data can be increased by improving how these questions are asked in surveys, drawing on the relevant evidence from the psychology and survey research literatures.
Methods
Two surveys from two separate studies were used to test our hypotheses (Science Survey, n = 1,200; Eating Behaviours Survey, n = 200). Participants were randomly assigned to one of six conditions, four of which were designed to improve the accuracy of the self-reported height and weight data (“preamble”), and two of which served as the control conditions ( “no preamble”). Four hypotheses were tested: (H1) survey participants read a preamble prior to being asked their height and weight will report lower heights and higher weights than those not read a preamble; (H2) the impact of question-wording (i.e., preamble vs. no preamble) on self-reported weight will be greater for participants with higher BMIs; (H3) the impact of question-wording on height will be greater for older participants; (H4) either version of the weight question – standard or “weight-specific”—may result in participants reporting more accurate self-reported weight. Multivariate analysis of variance was conducted to test Hypothesis 1; two-way ANOVAs were conducted to test Hypothesis 2; moderation analysis was used to test Hypothesis 3; independent samples t-test was conducted to test Hypothesis 4.
Results
None of the hypotheses was supported.
Conclusions
This paper provides an important starting point from which to inform further work exploring how question wording can improve self-reported measurement of height and weight. Future research should explore how question preambles may or may not operationalise hypothesised underlying mechanisms, the sensitivity or intrusiveness of height and weight questions, individual beliefs about one’s height and weight, and survey context.
RNA adenosine modifications related to the prognosis and immune infiltration in osteosarcoma
Authors: Chen Shijie , Zeng Jin , Li PingHuang , Peng Yi , Yan Zuyun , Zhang Aiqian , Zhao Xingping , Li Jun , Zhou Ziting , Wang Sidan , Jing Shengyu , Hu Minghua , Li Yuezhan , Wang Dong , Wang Weiguo , Yu Haiyang , Miao Jinglei , Li Jinsong , Deng Youwen , Li Yusheng , Liu Tang , Xu Dabao
Published: April 2022

Background
RNA adenosine modifications, mediated mainly by the “writer” enzymes (RMWs), play a key role in epigenetic regulation in various biological processes, including tumorigenesis. However, the expression and prognosis role of these genes in osteosarcoma (OS) remains unclear.
Methods
The univariate and multivariate cox analyses were used to construct the RMWs signature in OS using Target datasets. RMWs expression in OS tissue detected by qPCR analysis. Xcell and GSVA were used for the relationship between RMWs and immune infiltration. DGIdb and CMap databases were used for drug prediction. The vivo and vitro experiments showed that strophanthidin elicited the anti-tumor activity against OS.
Results
This study constructed the 3-RMWs (CSTF2, ADAR and WTAP) prognosis signature in OS using the Target dataset, and then verified the risk signature using GEO datasets and independent 63 OS tissues using qPCR analysis. The OS patients with high risk observed poor overall survival, and the prognosis signature was the independent prognostic factor in OS. Functional studies showed that tumor-, metabolism-, cell cycle- and immune-related pathways were related high risk. Next, we found that the RMWs- derived high-risk patients showed increased infiltration of Macrophages M2 and cDCs. Furthermore, we predicted the potential drugs for OS using DGIdb and CMap database. The vivo and vitro experiments showed that strophanthidin elicited the anti-tumor activity against OS via repressing cell growth and inducing cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase.
Conclusion
The 3-RMWs-based prognostic signature established in this study is a novel gene signature associated with immune infiltration, and strophanthidin was identified as a candidate therapy for OS via repressing the growth and cell cycle of OS cells.
An improved sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics with Akaike information criterion and group sparsity
Authors: Dong Xin , Bai Yulong , Lu Yani , Fan Manhong
Published: April 2022

A crucial challenge encountered in diverse areas of engineering applications involves speculating the governing equations based upon the partial observations. On this basis, a variant of the sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics(SINDy) algorithm is developed. First, Akaike information criterion(AIC), which is based on information criterion is integrated to enforce model selection via hierarchically ranking the most informative model from a manageable candidate models. This integration avoids restricting the number of candidate models, which is a disadvantage of the traditional methods for model selection. The subsequent procedure expands the structure of dynamics from ordinary differential equations(ODEs) to partial differential equations(PDEs) when the group sparsity is employed to identify the nonconstant coefficients of partial differential equations. Of practical consideration within an integrated frame is data processing, which tends to make noise separate from signals and inclines to parametrize the noise probability distribution. In particular, the coefficients of a species of canonical ODEs and PDEs, such as the duffing oscillator, Lotka-Volterra, Rössler, Burgers’ equation and Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation can be identified correctly with the introduction of noise. Furthermore, except for the normal noise, the proposed approach is able to capture the distribution of uniform noise. In accordance with the results of the experiments, the computational speed is markedly advanced and possess robustness.
Digital holographic study of corona wind assisted evaporation of hydrocarbon from a microliter well
Authors: Shukla Digvijay , Mishra Bal Krishan , Panigrahi Pradipta
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
The present study aims to understand the evaporation dynamics of heavy hydrocarbon liquid (cyclohexane) from a circular well cavity under the influence of corona wind. Particle image velocimetry is used to characterize the velocity field of the corona wind generated by a needle and plate configuration. Digital holography interferometry is used to decipher the mole fraction distribution of the vapor cloud. Circular well cavities of radius 2.0, 2.5 and 4 mm are studied. The study explores the effect of corona wind on the modification of vapor phase transport and the evaporation rate from the circular well. The effect of corona wind on the evaporation of different sized well cavities increases with an increase in actuation voltage. The side wall of the cavities influences the distribution of the vapor cloud due to the interaction with the incoming corona wind. More than 10 times enhancement of evaporation is observed at 10 kV excitation voltage setting of the corona wind generator. The corona jet assisted evaporation can be very useful in thin film evaporative cooling for electronics due to its simplicity in design and superior performance.
A survey conducted using health claims records and questionnaires to investigate the prevalence of migraine in Japan
Authors: Sakai Fumihiko , Hirata Koichi , Igarashi Hisaka , Takeshima Takao , Nakayama Takeo , Sano Hiromi , Kondo Hiroyuki , Shibasaki Yoshiyuki , Koga Nobuyuki
Published: April 2022

BackgroundMigraine is a chronic disease characterized by episodic headache attacks. No recent studies have, however been conducted on the epidemiology of migraine or the treatment landscape in Japan. This study was conducted as a fact-finding survey using medical claims receipt data and an online survey on migraine and headaches, conducted among members of health insurance associations with the objective of gaining an understanding of migraine prevalence and the treatment status in Japan.MethodsThe study methodology utilized a unique approach of combined data sources. The data sources used in this study are medical claims receipt data and online survey data provided by DeSC Healthcare Inc (DeSC). The primary outcomes (from survey responses) were: the overall number and proportion of migraine patients; and the overall prevalence of migraine, stratified by age and sex. The secondary outcomes (from survey responses) were use of medical care; and clinical features/headache symptoms. The analysis population included all individuals who had response data for surveys conducted by DeSC. The online survey data and medical claims receipt data were summarized. ResultsThe data population comprised 21,480 individuals. On the basis of the survey results, including probable cases, the overall prevalence of migraine was 3.2%. The highest prevalence of migraine was observed in patients aged 30-39 years. The prevalence of migraine in women was 4.4 times higher than in men. The percentage of migraine patients who had not been seen by a doctor was 81.0%. More than 80% of patients were taking over-the-counter drugs and 4.8% took prescription medicines only. Approximately 52.9% of patients considered that the intensity of pain symptoms was severe. Moreover, the majority of patients (72.9%) considered that the impairment of daily life activities was of moderate or severe degree. ConclusionsIn Japan, the percentage of people with migraine who did not receive medical attention is as high as 80%. Additionally, the majority of patients tend to endure symptoms and continue with everyday activities. With innovative treatment approaches becoming available it is necessary to disseminate information that migraine is not a simple headache but an illness that requires medical treatment and consultation.
WDR74 facilitates TGF-β/Smad pathway activation to promote M2 macrophage polarization and diabetic foot ulcer wound healing
Authors: Kang Geng , Ma Xiumei , Jiang Zongzhe , Gu Junling , Huang Wei , Wang Weiming , Xu Yong , Xu Youhua
Published: April 2022

Diabetes is a serious global health challenge that affects millions of people worldwide. One major complication is diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), leading to decreased quality of life and increased mortality in diabetic patients. The underlying mechanism of DFU is not completely understood. The mechanism involved in wound healing in diabetes was studied in vivo and in vitro. Gain-and loss-of function studies were performed to study the roles that WDR74 and TGF-β play in DFU. M1 and M2 macrophage phenotypic marker, and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, angiogenic makers were determined by RT-qPCR and/or Western blot analysis. Localization of these proteins were determined by immunofluorescence staining and/or immunohistochemistry. Interaction between WDR74 with Smad2/3 in macrophages was detected by co-immunoprecipitation. We found that WDR74 and M2 macrophages were decreased in wound tissues from DFU mice. TGF-β upregulation increased the expression of M2 macrophage markers (arginase-1, and YM1), IL-4, while decreased expression of M1 macrophage marker (iNOS). TGF-β upregulation also increased the production of ECM and promoted the wound closure in diabetic mice. We also noticed that WDR74 overexpression increased Smad2/3 phosphorylation elevated the population of M2 macrophage ECM production, and alleviated DFU. LY2109761 treatment normalized effects of TGF-β or WDR74 overexpression. In conclusion, WDR74 promoted M2 macrophage polarization, leading to improved DFU in mice, through the activation of TGF-β/Smad pathway.
Inflammatory Esophagogastritis and Acute Kidney Injury After Intentional Ingestion of Paraquat
Authors: Gunawan Febrian Juventianto , Halim Risna , Parewangi Andi Muhammad Luthfi , Rasyid Haerani
Published: April 2022

We describe a clinical presentation of Inflammatory esophagogastritis and acute kidney injury in young adult male after intentional ingestion of paraquat. The high number of deaths from paraquat is due to its toxicity and ineffective treatment. Intravenous fluid, immunosuppressant, and antioxidant was given to reduce the effect of toxins on target organs.
How can we optimize the long-term outcome in children with intracranial cavernous malformations? A single-center experience of 61 cases
Authors: Hirschmann Dorian , Czech Thomas , Roessler Karl , Krachsberger Paul , Paliwal Shivam , Ciobanu-Caraus Olga , Cho Anna , Peyrl Andreas , Feucht Martha , Frischer Josa Maria , Dorfer Christian
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVETo provide a treatment algorithm for pediatric patients with intracranial cavernous malformations (CMs) based on our experience.METHODS Patients <18 years of age who were treated either surgically or conservatively at the authors’ institution between 1982 and 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTSA total of 61 pediatric patients were treated at the authors’ institution: 39 with lobar CMs, 18 with deep CMs, including 12 in the brainstem and 6 in the basal ganglia, and 4 with CMs in the cerebellar hemispheres. Forty-two patients underwent surgery and 19 were treated conservatively. The median follow-up time was 65 months (1-356 months). In surgically treated patients, lesions were larger (2.4cm vs 0.9cm, p<0.001). In patients with lobar CMs, seizures were more common (72% vs 21%, p=0.003) in the surgery group than in conservatively managed patients. In deep CMs modified Rankin scale (mRS) was higher (4 vs 1, p=0.003) in the surgery group than in conservatively treated patients. At time of last follow-up no differences in Wieser outcome class I was seen (86% vs 67%) in lobar CMs and mRS scores had aligned between the treatment groups in deep CMs (1 vs 0). We encountered no new permanent neurological deficit at time of last follow-up. We propose a treatment algorithm according to lesion location and size, burden of symptoms, epilepsy workup, and further clinical course during observation.CONCLUSIONA conservative management is safe in pediatric patients with asymptomatic CMs. Gross total resection should be the aim in patients with symptomatic lobar CMs. A less aggressive approach with subtotal resection, when required to prevent neurological compromise, sustainably improves neurological outcome in patients with deep CMs.
Curative efficacy of strengthen transfusion strategy for older patients with hip fracture: A Single-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhao Yuqi , Guo Junfei , Fu Mingming , Zhang Yaqian , Wang Zhiqian , Hou Zhiyong
Published: April 2022

Background: Perioperative transfusion is very common in older patients with hip fracture, but there is still great controversy about whether patients with hemoglobin (Hb) value between 90-100g/L should receive transfusion. The aim of this retrospective study was to observe the curative efficacy of strengthen transfusion strategy for hip fracture patients of age≥65 years.Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on elderly patients with hip fracture who were treated in a single trauma emergency center from 2015 to 2019. Patients who received surgical treatment and had perioperative transfusion records were selected and were divided into three groups according to the lowest perioperative Hb value of 70-80g/L, 80-90g/L and 90-100g/L. According to whether to continue transfusion when the Hb value is between 90-100g/L, they were divided into strengthen transfusion strategy group or routine transfusion strategy group. The demographic data (gender, age, fracture type, complications, etc.), the Hb value, red blood (RBC)use, and patient outcomes between the two groups were analyzed.Results: In total, 4966 elderly hip fracture patients were identified of whom 22.0% had documented perioperative transfusion. After screening the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 802 patients were included in our study, including 95 in the 70-80g /L group, 264 in the 80-90g /L group and 443 in the 90-100g /L group. There was no significant difference in hospital stay between strengthen and routine transfusion group, however strengthen transfusion strategy can reduce the incidence of perioperative pulmonary infection and cerebral infarction in each group. And it can also reduce the incidence of arrhythmia, urinary tract infection in 80-90g /L group and electrolyte disorder in 90-100g /L group, respectively.Conclusions: For elderly patients with hip fracture, strengthen transfusion strategy does not increase the risk of perioperative major adverse coronary events (MACE), reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes such as perioperative pulmonary infection, cerebral infarction and shorten the length of hospital stay.
Decreased psychiatric symptomatology after the onset of COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal college mental health study from Turkey
Authors: Dogan Asli Ercan , Kebapci Dilek , Ertan Oguz , Kalay Zeynepgul , Caki Nurdan Kozan , Sar Vedat , Eser Hale Yapici
Published: April 2022

Objective: COVID-19 pandemic brought significant challenges for college students. This study aimed to investigate changes in psychiatric symptomatology among them compared to the pre-pandemic period alongside their determinants. Methods: Data were collected before and three months after the onset of the pandemic from 168 students who had applied to a college mental health center. Psychiatric symptomatology was assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale (ASRS). Possible vulnerability factors were screened by a survey on COVID-19-related health and social isolation status, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Social Media Use Disorder Scale (SMDS), Distress Thermometer, Scoff Eating Questionnaire, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ). Results: PHQ-9, GAD-7 and ASRS scores significantly declined in the follow up. Even though the screen time increased, SMDS scores significantly declined. SMDS had a direct effect on PHQ-9 and ASRS levels, in addition to an indirect effect through Stress Thermometer. Higher SMDS scores predicted higher anxious and depressive symptomatology in repeated assessments. Fear of COVID-19 scores had a direct effect on GAD-7 scores only. Conclusion: This study suggested that stress level and psychiatric symptomatology of the students decreased significantly in the early phases of the pandemic. Level of social media use disorder should be taken into account while following college students with mental health symptoms.
A Comparison between the Enhanced and Express Femoral Workflow for Robot-Assisted Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Self-controlled Observational Study
Authors: Li juncheng , Ni ming , Ji quanbo , Zheng qingyuan , Sun jingyang , Zhang guoqiang
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The aim of this prospected comparison study was to compare the enhanced workflow and express workflow for Mako robot-assisted total hip arthroplasty.Method: From February 2020 to December 2020, 26 patients (43 hips) underwent primary robot-assisted total hip arthroplasty. There were 14 male and 12 female patients. The mean age at surgery was 53.5±13.6 years. The enhanced workflow and express workflow were performed separately in robot-assisted total hip arthroplasty on the same hip. The between-group operating time, hip length change, and combined offset were compared. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.Result: The operating time with the enhanced and express registrations were 73.3±14.1 minutes and 68.8±12.8 minutes, respectively (p=0.001). The accuracy of the mean hip length change between the intraoperative trailing implantation and preoperative plan were 1.6±6.9 mm and -0.5±3.1 mm, respectively (p=0.029). The accuracy of the mean hip length change between the intraoperative prosthesis implantation and preoperative plan were 0.8±5.4 mm and -0.7±3.2 mm, respectively (p=0.025). Regarding the accuracy of the mean preoperative and intraoperative combined offsets, there were no significant differences between the two registrations (p>0.05). Conclusion: In comparison, the enhanced registration for robot-assisted total hip arthroplasty is more time-consuming than the express registration. However, the enhanced registration is more accurate than the express registration in assessing limb length discrepancy. Both registrations produce the similar accuracy of the combined offset.
Identification, pathogenicity, fungicide sensitivity and biological control of Rhizoctonia solani associated with damping-off disease of sugar beet in Morocco
Authors: Farhaoui Abdelaaziz , Tahiri Abdessalem , Ezrari Said , Radouane Nabil , Khadiri Mohammed , Alami Nabila El , Belabess Zineb , Mohammed Baala , Amiri Said , Lahlali Rachid
Published: April 2022

The fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is an economically important pathogen involved in root rot and seedling damping-off disease of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). In Morocco, this is the first detailed report of R. solani as the causative agent of sugar beet damping-off. The identification of the pathogen was based on combining the morphological characteristics and molecular characterization using the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA ITS) region. Antifungal activities of four commercial fungicides; azoxystrobin, difenoconazole, tebuconazole, and trifloxystrobin were assessed in vitro, displaying effective inhibition of the mycelial growth of the pathogen strains using PDA medium. A commercially available Bacillus subtilis Y1336 was evaluated as a potential biological control agent (BCA) against seedling damping-off caused by R. solani. The biological control activities of B. subtilis Y1336 was demonstrated by dual culture bioassays on PDA medium, in vitro seed inoculation with R. solani and B. subtilis, and by applying the BCA as seed coat under greenhouse conditions. This is the first time that the commercially available B. subtilis Y1336 has been proved as an effective BCA against the damping-off disease of sugar beet. This commercial antagonist should be incorporated into the integrated disease management startegy for sugar beet seedling mortality together with effective tested fungicides.
Elaborate design of shell component for manipulating the sustained release behavior from core–shell nanofibres
Authors: Liu Yubo , Chen Xiaohong , Gao Yuhang , Yu Deng-Guang , Liu Ping
Published: April 2022

Background: The diversified combination of nanostructure and material has received considerable attention from researchers to exploit advanced functional materials. In drug delivery systems, the hydrophilicity and sustained–release drug properties are in opposition. Thus, difficulties remain in the simultaneous improve sustained–release drug properties and increase the hydrophilicity of materials.Methods: In this work, we proposed a modified triaxial electrospinning strategy to fabricate functional core–shell fibres, which could elaborate design of shell component for manipulating the sustained-release drug. Cellulose acetate (CA) was designed as the main polymeric matrix, whereas polyethylene glycol (PEG) was added as a hydrophilic material in the middle layer. Cur, as a model drug, was stored in the inner layer.Results: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that the cylindrical F2–F4 fibres had a clear core–shell structure. The model drug Cur in fibres was verified in an amorphous form during the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicated good compatibility with the CA matrix. The water contact angle test showed that functional F2–F4 fibres had a high hydrophilic property in 120 s and the control sample F1 needed over 0.5 h to obtain hydrophilic property. In the initial stage of moisture intrusion into fibres, the quickly dissolved PEG component guided the water molecules and rapidly eroded the internal structure of functional fibres. The good hydrophilicity of F2–F4 fibres brought relatively excellent swelling rate around 4600%. Blank outer layer of functional F2 fibres with 1% PEG created an exciting opportunity for providing a 96 h sustained-release drug profile, while F3 and F4 fibres with over 3% PEG provided a 12 h modified drug release profile to eliminate tailing–off effect.Conclusion: Here, the functional F2–F4 fibres had been successfully produced by using the advanced modified triaxial electrospinning nanotechnology with different polymer matrices. The simple strategy in this work has remarkable potential to manipulate hydrophilicity and sustained release of drug carriers, meantime it can also enrich the preparation approaches of functional nanomaterials.
A cancer-associated K-RAS mutant that preferentially binds GDP displays gain-of-function and atypical signaling
Authors: Qian Xiaolan , Pantsar Tatu ,   Alex G. Papageorge1, Tripathi Brajendra K. Brajendra K. , Sanchez-Solana Beatriz , Durkin Marian E. , Gao Yucheng , Esposito Dominic , Waybright Timothy , Stephen Andrew G. Stephen , Simanshu Dhirendra , Wang Dunrui , Lowy Douglas R.
Published: April 2022

Background: The RAS genes, which are the prototype for the RAS superfamily of small GTPases, encode guanine nucleotide binding proteins that are frequently mutated in cancer. The superfamily has five major branches: RAS, RHO, RAB, RAN, and ARF. Its wild type members function as molecular switches that are active when GTP-bound and inactive when GDP-bound. Previously analyzed cancer-associated point mutants of RAS, such as those affecting codons 12, 13, and 61, and mutants of other superfamily members have followed this paradigm, as their steady-state level of bound GTP is higher than that of the wild type protein. However, it is possible that a less common cancer-associated mutant might be active when bound to GDP. Methods: We searched the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database and the TCGA database in the NCI Genomic Data Commons cancer-associated mutations in the RAS superfamily beyond the commonly mutated RAS codons, conducted biological and biochemical tissue culture studies and in vitro biochemical guanine nucleotide binding studies of a K-RAS mutant identified by this search, and complemented these findings with all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. Results: The database search identified a recurrent cancer-associated K-RAS mutant, M67L, as well as another cancer-associated mutant that affect the same codon in K-RAS and N-RAS and additional point mutants in the analogous codon in 10 other members of the RAS superfamily of GTPases. Detailed analysis of the K-RAS M67L mutant indicated that it has a gain-of-function biologically, but its low GTP level is similar to that of wild type K-RAS. Unlike the GDP-bound wild type, the GDP-bound M67L mutant interacts with and activates at least three RAS effectors: RALGDS, PI3K-p110a, and RAPGEF6. However, it interacts weakly with the prototypic RAS effector, RAF. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations of the mutant, conducted with and without RALGDS, provide structural insight into these characteristics of the GDP-bound mutant. Conclusion: Cancer-associated mutations that are active when GDP-bound occur in K-RAS and probably in other members of the RAS superfamily.
Quasioptics for Increasing the Beam Efficiency of Wireless Power Transfer Systems
Authors: Pereira Ricardo , Carvalho Nuno
Published: April 2022

The highest beam efficiency in a wireless power transfer (WPT) system that uses focusing components was 51%. Achieved by William Brown in 1964, it used a ~3 m diameter reflector for a transfer distance of 7.62 m. This record was unbeaten for 58 years until now, as we present a system that surpasses Brown's work by 25%. Using the quasioptical framework for reducing spillover losses in WPT, we present a double-reflector system that achieved a higher beam efficiency than the state-of-the-art, when taking into account the system components. The transmitting and receiving antennas were 3D-printed conical smooth-walled horn antennas, specially designed for this system. The theoretical analysis enabled the design of a five-meter system, whose energy focus location has been experimentally verified. Following this successful measurement, the complete system was experimented upon, whose results are here described, enabling a high beam transfer efficiency of 63.75%, validating the theoretical results obtained previously. Additionally, the advantage of using quasioptics in radiative wireless power transfer applications is discussed, as well as the sensitivity of its systems by analyzing how the efficiency changes with variations of different parameters. Finally, a comparison of this system with the state-of-the-art is done by the proposal of new figures-of-merit, relating the systems' physical dimensions and beam efficiency. Through them, it becomes clear that our system outperforms the previous works in terms of the beam efficiency achieved when taking into account the system components used. Furthermore, this research is a paradigm shift by presenting a promising path for future WPT research through quasioptics, one that may lead to developments of such high efficiencies that will potentially enable commercial application of this technology in solving power supply issues in our society.
Association of cyclooxygenase-2 genetic polymorphism with gastric cancer in eastern Indian population
Authors: Uthansingh Kanishka , Mishra Debakanta , Pati Girish Kumar , Padhy Rabindra Nath , Sahu Manoj Kumar
Published: April 2022

The Gastric cancer (GC) is the problem seen more frequently in tropical countries. The expressivity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inherent individual susceptibility to oncogenicity are due to over-expression of and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The present experimental case-control study aims to evaluate the role of over-expression of COX-2 polymorphisms in the development of gastric cancer (GC) in the region at Eastern India. The genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood samples of 124 GC patients and 176 controls attending the hospital, during February 2017 to December 2020. GC with or without infection of halophile, Helicobacter pylori was diagnosed by the histo-pathological assessment. DNA was isolated of GC-cases and controls by the salting-out method. Three SNPs of COX-2 gene such as, -1195GA, -765GC, and − 1290AG were arbitrarily chosen to identify the genetic polymorphisms. Genotypes were analyzed by undertaking ‘polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism’ (PCR-RFLP). A total of 124 GC cases with 176 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. A fraction of 10.5% cases had GG homozygous mutation alleles at -1195GA, while the 5% fraction had GG homozygous mutant alleles at -765GC, and an 8.9% fraction had GG homozygous mutant alleles at -1290AG, amongst all the GC cases. COX-2 polymorphisms were crucially associated with the risk of development of GC, compared to controls with p = 0.003, both in 1195 GA and 1290AG. COX-2 polymorphisms could play a crucial role in the development of GC in the coastal Eastern Indian region.
Machine learning–based triage to identify low-severity patients with a short discharge length of stay in emergency department
Authors: Chang Yu-Hsin , Shih Hong-Mo , Wu Jia-En , Huang Fen-Wei , Chen Wei-Kung , Cheng Dar-Min , Chung Yu-Ting , Wang Charles C.N.
Published: April 2022

Background: Overcrowding in emergency departments (ED) is a critical problem worldwide, and streaming can alleviate crowding to improve patient flows. Among triage scales, patients labeled as “triage level 3” or “urgent” generally comprise the majority, but there is no uniform criterion for classifying low-severity patients in this diverse population. Our aim is to establish a machine learning model for prediction of low-severity patients with short discharge length of stay (DLOS) in ED.Methods: This was a retrospective study in the ED of China Medical University Hospital (CMUH) and Asia University Hospital (AUH) in Taiwan. Adult patients (aged over 20 years) with Taiwan triage acuity scale level 3 were enrolled between 2018 and 2019. We used available information during triage to establish a machine learning model that can predict low-severity patients with short DLOS. To achieve this goal, we trained five models—CatBoost, XGBoost, decision tree, random forest, and logistic regression—by using large ED visit data and examined their performance in internal and external validation.Results: For internal validation in CMUH, 33,986 patients (75.9%) had a short DLOS (shorter than 4 h), and for external validation in AUH, there were 13269 (82.7%) patients with short DLOS. The best prediction model was CATBoost in internal validation, and area under the receiver operating cha racteristic curve (AUC) was 0.755 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.743-0.767). Under the same threshold, XGBoost yielded the best performance, with an AUC value of 0.761 (95% CI: 0.742- 0.765) in external validation.Conclusions: This is the first study to establish a machine learning model by applying triage information alone for prediction of short DLOS in ED with both internal and external validation. In future work, the models could be developed as an assisting tool in real-time triage to identify low-severity patients as fast track candidates.
ANALISIS ISLAMIC CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN ISLAMIC CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPOSIBILITY DALAM DISIPLIN PASAR PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hartono Nono
Published: April 2022

The objectives of this study are determine the effect of Islamic Corporate Governance (ICG) and Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR) on market discipline with financial performance as an intervening variable. The ICG and ICSR disclosures is measured from the disclosure score compiled based of IFSB standard, AAOIFI, and relevant previous research. Market discipline measured by the ratio of deposit growth. While financial performance measured by profitability ratios in ROA and ROE. The sample used 11 Islamic banks in Indonesia were selected using purposive sampling method. Empirical testing uses the method of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The results of content analysis on the sharia bank information reports for the period 2013-2015 show that the level of ICG and ICSR disclosure is quite good, namely 62% and 60% respectively. The empirical test was proved that ICG and ICSR disclosures have a positive and significant effect on market discipline. Financial performance is not able to be an ICG and ICSR liaison variable to the market discipline of Islamic banks significant direct effect on the market discipline of Islamic banks. Financial performance has’nt significant on market discipline, and that is’nt being intervening variabels to the market discipline of Islamic banks.
STRATEGI PEMBERDAYAAN DAN INOVASI PRODUK EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI BADAN UMUM MILIK DESA DI KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Siswahyudianto . , Suselo Dedi
Published: April 2022

Salah satu program yang efektif mengentaskan kemiskinan di wilayah pedesaan adalah Kewirausahaan Sosial, bukan hanya bisa menciptakan penciptaan peluang peningkatan pendapatan saja melainkan juga menyelesaikan berbagai persoalan sosial sekaligus. Kewirausahaan sosial merupakan penciptaan model usaha atau bisnis baru yang lebih beriorientasi pada pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar dan bukan hanya berorientas pada keuntunga profit semata. Kewirausahaan sosial adlah gerakan pemberdayaan ekonomi dengan lebih mengutamakan peran dan partisipasi orang-orang sebagai prosesnya. Hasilnya, lebih banyak orang terberdaya secara ekonomi karena terlibat dalam aktivitas itu.Kemampuan kewirausahaan sosial membuka partisipasi pada banyak orang dengan sendirinya memecahkan berbagai persoalan sosial seperti pengangguran, kekurangan gizi dan sebagainya. Warga masyarakat juga menjadi produktif dan memiliki pengharapan yang lebih baik mengenai masa depannya sendiri.Salah satu agen kewirausahaan sosial yang saat ini sedang getol mengembangkan diri adalah Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes). BUMDes adalah unit usaha yang dikelola masyarakat desa dan secara struktur terpisah dari lembaga pemerintah desa sehingga secara struktur dan kultural memiliki peluang menjalankan misi kewirausahaan sosial. Apalagi BUMDes memang digadang sebagai lokomotif pembangunan desa yang lebih beriorientasi menciptakan manfaat sosial ketimbang profit.
PERILAKU BERPINDAH (SWITCHING BEHAVIOUR) NASABAH NON MUSLIM DI BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI KOTA METRO LAMPUNG
Authors: Santoso Haris
Published: April 2022

Berganti perilaku adalah bagian dari perilaku konsumen, memahami peralihan perilaku tidak kalah penting daripada memahami perilaku konsumen. Peralihan perilaku yang dialami oleh konsumen sangat menarik untuk dipahami karena perbedaan prinsip agama di atasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku konsumen non muslim di kota Metro dalam memilih bank Islam dan mengungkap perilaku switching konsumen non muslim di bank syariah kota Metro. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan observasi lapangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku konsumen non muslim pada umumnya mereka tidak begitu paham tentang sistem di Bank Islam. Selain itu, pertimbangan konsumen non-muslim dalam memilih bank syariah adalah sistem layanan di bank syariah tidak kalah dengan bank konvensional tersebut, keberadaan kelompok referensi juga merupakan alasan konsumen non-muslim dalam memilih bank. Sementara, peralihan perilaku yang dilakukan oleh konsumen non muslim karena program pembagian keuntungan, layanan, fasilitas dan reputasi bank syariah lebih kompetitif
EKONOMI ISLAM DAN PERANANNYA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN HARTA
Authors: Huda Miftahul
Published: April 2022

Islam memperhatikan harta benda seseorang karena penjagaan harta masuk kedalam Maqa>s}id as-Syari>’ah yang kelima yaitu Hifdzu al-Ma>l. Harta merupakan komponen pokok dalam kehidupan manusia, unsur dharuri yang tidak mudah untuk ditinggalkan begitu saja. Dalam rangka memenuhi kebutuhan itu maka terjadilah hubungan horizontal antar manusia (mu’a>malah). Memiliki harta dan memproduksi barang-barang yang baik adalah sah menurut IslamBerdasarkan nilai-nilai moral Islam, orientasi manusia dalam mengelola hartanya berdasarkan syari’at Islam akan berorientasi utama pada dua hal. Pertama, pemanfaatan harta tersebut digunakan untuk kelangsungan kehidupan sendiri dan keluarganya. Kedua, adalah pemanfaatan harta tersebut bagi manusia diluar keluarga, atau pemanfaatan yang bermotif pada amal saleh sebagai alat untuk mendapat gelar kemuliaan dari Tuhan. Dalam pengembangan harta, islam juga sangat menekankan mashlahah karena itu merupakan tujuan dari syari’at Islam (Maqhasid Syari’ah) dan juga didalamnya terkandung unsur manfaat dan berkah.