bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cluster Pumping Station with Autonomous Power Supply and a System of Thermal Water and Gas Reservoir Treatment as Energy-Saving Means
Authors: Gabdrakhmanova K F , Samigullina L Z , Izmaylova G R
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the problem of associated gas utilization in the development of fields containing hydrogen sulfide, a fundamentally new method of oil production by influencing the oil reservoir is proposed. A scheme for using this gas in the process of the working agent pumping to maintain reservoir pressure is proposed. A method of oil production by treating the formation is considered, including oil withdrawal from the producing well, separation of water and associated gas from it in the separator, gas combustion in the heat engine, the use of the energy obtained in the engine to drive pumps and an electric generator, heating water and pumping it into the formation, pumping combustion products into the formation, characterized in that the gas supplied to the heat engine is taken from the producing well annulus and due to this, the pressure in the annulus is regulated, regardless of the pressure in the linear oil pipeline, ensuring maximum gas withdrawal while maintaining the optimal dynamic level in the well for a given operation mode, the gas from the separator is pumped into the reservoir, and the water is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of paraffin for this field. The article offers a solution to this problem by generating electricity directly in the oil field using a heat engine. At the same time, hot water is pumped into the reservoir. The water is heated by the combustion products of the heat engine, which employs annular gas as fuel. The proposed method allows water to be heated to a temperature exceeding the melting point of paraffin and characterized in that the water is heated in a mixing heat exchanger. The proposed solution is characterized in that the combustion products together with the gas coming from the separator are pumped into the reservoir using water-gas technologies. It is important that nitrogen is separated from the combustion products, and the remaining gases are pumped into the formation, and gas is additionally supplied to the input of the heat engine from an external source.
Monitoring and Management of Water Use in the Basin of the Transboundary River Seim
Authors: Prelikova E A , Timofeev G P , Tsurkan F V
Published: February 2022

Environmental safety issues are of great importance. The problems associated with the monitoring and management of water use in the basins of transboundary rivers are especially acute. The relevance of the research topic and the degree of its scientific development give grounds for formulating a scientific problem as the need to study the state of the transboundary river Seim, flowing through the territory of the Russian Federation and Ukraine, in the context of observing and ensuring international principles of sustainable development of water resources. The study of the issue of improving the ecological state of the Seim River was carried out based on the use of complex monitoring and an expert survey. The authors proposed an approach to organizing a water management system in the basin of the transboundary river Seim and developed measures to improve the state of surface waters.
Pea Germ Powder as Ingredient of Fortified High-Grade Wheat Flour Bread
Authors: Shelepina N V
Published: February 2022

Bakery and pastry based on high-grade wheat flour have poor biological value whilst being highly calorific; this calls for adjustment in their chemical composition. Grain processing waste including pulp, germs, bran, husks, etc., are promising materials that could be used to enrich foods with indispensable components. This paper presents a technology of baking bread with pea germ powder along with evidence-based recommendations on the quantity and method if admixing germs to dough. Evidence suggests that adding pea germ powder to high-grade wheat flour improves its biological and nutritional value and helps expand the range of fortified foods.
Modelling the Development of the Achimov Natural Gas Deposits
Authors: Tarasov A E
Published: February 2022

Currently, the Russian Federation is one of the largest natural gas producers in the world, second only to the United States in production. The world’s largest proven gas reserves are located in Russia. Despite the colossal initial volumes of gas, many unique Russian fields have been operating in a declining production mode for a long time (for many years) and are steadily approaching the transition to the mode of fields with low-pressure gas, which is currently economically unprofitable to compress for supply to main gas pipelines for transportation to consumers. New gas and oil and gas condensate fields of the Russian Federation are located in new undeveloped regions of Russia. These areas are distinguished by a harsh climate, lack of transport infrastructure, are located far from existing gas pipelines and are characterized, as a rule, by a complex geological structure and multicomponent gas composition, which inevitably entails a further increase in the already considerable capital and operating costs, time lag, which, accordingly, reduces economic attractiveness of their development for gas producers. In this regard, additional exploration and production of gas from the Achimov deposit - formations lying below the developed Valanginian deposits of large gas fields, close to the transition to closure, is of great interest. The production of gas from the Achimov deposit at fields with a built infrastructure, where there is a connection to the main gas pipelines, can significantly reduce costs - both production and capital. The article is devoted to the issues of modelling gas production of the Achimov deposit.
Participation of Infusoria (Ciliophora, Ciliata) in Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Tribun M M , Zhukov A V
Published: February 2022

The paper discusses the indicative role of infusoria as biological wastewater treatment participants. The study identified 57 infusoria species in the wastewater treatment plant in Khabarovsk, most of which belonged to the Oligohymenophorea class (45.6 %). The ciliate community core is represented by the following eurybiontic forms: Paramecium Caudatum, Litonotus Lamella, Coleps Hirtus, Aspidisca Cicada, Vorticella Convallaria, V. Microstoma, However, in general, the ciliate community under consideration turned out to be very specific relating to aerotanks in other world regions (according to the Chekanovsky-Sørensen index). It has been found that infusoria promptly respond to changes occurring in the treatment plant operating mode at the cellular and population-specific levels, which is expressed in the formation of specific complexes of species, as well as morpho-ecological changes in the protozoa cells.
Numerical and Lab Experimental Methods of the Wax Deposition Investigation in Oil Pipelines
Authors: Karimov R M , Tashbulatov R R , Valeev A R
Published: February 2022

This paper presents results of a comparative analysis of several research methods for oil pipelines waxing process, which are based on the progress made with present-day laboratory equipment and the capabilities of software and hardware computational packages used to simulate properties of multiphase fluids and kinetics of complex multi-factor processes. This paper considers theoretical foundations of proven and substantiated mechanisms of the processes of wax formation and accumulation on the inner surface of oil pipeline walls, including main factors that impact the rate of such processes. The paper also points out disadvantages of the methods of static measurement based only on the diffusion factor of deposition of deposits, predominantly of the paraffin wax type; these static measurement methods preventing from taking into account the impact of other equally significant factors that accelerate and decelerate accumulation of deposits. This work highlights the most accurate methods to determine the chilling point or mass crystallization of paraffin waxes, which are recommended to be used in computerized simulation of the process.
Determination of Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Sea Wind Waves
Authors: Zapevalov A S
Published: February 2022

The nonlinearity of sea surface waves is an important property of them. Despite the fact that the nonlinearity is weak, it must be taken into account when solving many applied and fundamental problems. In this work, we study the effect of nonlinearity on the space-time structure of sea waves. The results of determining the spatial-temporal structure from the data of measurements by an array of wave sensors and from optical images of the sea surface are compared. It is shown that there is a discrepancy between the wave characteristics determined in different ways. Partially, but not completely, these discrepancies are explained by incomplete consideration of the directional spreading function.
Restoration of the Serviceability of Defective Sections of Oil and Gas Pipelines Using the Magnetic-Pulse Method
Authors: Schipachev A M , Koshkur O N , ljadly M A , Mikhin S O , Kopchikov A E
Published: February 2022

The analysis of emergency situations on the main pipelines is presented, as a result of which it was found that the occurrence of fatigue microcracks and their growth under load is one of the main causes of accidents, which indicates the danger of defects of this type and the need to eliminate them at an early stage. The article discusses a method for healing fatigue cracks in oil and gas pipelines using magnetic pulse processing of metals MPP. The composition of the magnetic-pulse unit MPU and the principle of its operation are described in detail. The principle of operation of this method is based on the induction of eddy currents in the processed metal using a magnetic-pulse unit MPU. The induced currents cause thermo-mechanical processes in the vicinity of the cracks, which lead to the closing of the edges of the cracks and the prevention of their growth. The tests were carried out using two groups of samples from steel 17G1S, One of them was processed by magnetic pulse. Then both groups were tested for impact strength. The test results showed a significant increase in toughness for samples processed with magnetic pulse compared to unprocessed samples.
Studying the Impact of the Light Environment on the Health of Athletes Using the Example of an Educational Institution
Authors: Tepina M S , Gorlenko N V , Murzin M A
Published: February 2022

The article considers the problem of creating standardized lighting in sports facilities (gym halls). The article assesses the impact made by the reflection coefficients of the surfaces in the room, the chromaticity of the lamp radiation, and the distribution of light from lighting fixtures on the qualitative and quantitative indicators of lighting. The authors have carried out studies of the actual lighting in the premises intended for sports events, as a result of which it has been established that the lighting of sports facilities is an important and difficult task that helps both athletes achieve the desired results and fans who watch spectacular competitions in the stands and on television. Not only the comfort and convenience of athletes, but also the general safety of the participants in the competition, judges and spectators depends on how well the lighting of the stadiums is organized. Correctly selected stadium lighting fixtures play an important role in the presentation of spectacular events, and poor-quality lighting can even affect the course of the game. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to study the impact of the light environment on the health of athletes, in particular, at sports facilities of a higher educational institution. In the course of work, the authors determined the ways of solving the problem. Based on the study of the actual illumination of the playing hall and according to the calculated indicators, we were able to give recommendations for the modernization of the artificial lighting system, namely the use of 36 LED floodlights of the Feron LL-925 2835 SMD 250W 6400K IP65 AC220V/50Hz type. The required power of the developed artificial lighting system will be 9 kW and the purchase of lamps will cost about 350 thousand rubles.
Sustainable Development of Road Transport Infrastructure by Including Elements of Reverse Traffic in the “Smart City” Program
Authors: Maksimchuk O V , Borisova N I , Panov D B , Voronkova G V
Published: February 2022

Recently, the use of various information data has significantly increased the growth of cities. Previously, the development of projects for the sustainable development of urban road transport infrastructure lasted for many years, but today most urban road transport problems are solved in a short time, due to intelligent transport systems (ITS). ITS is a “smart” innovative system, the main goal of which is to optimize the safe movement of transport. In this article, the authors present the analytical review and propose effective directions for solving the road transport problem by including an element of reverse traffic in the “Smart City” program to improve the efficiency of the road network and sustainable development of the road transport infrastructure of the city of Volgograd.
Fluorocarbon Production Residue in Composite Coating Used for Protecting Heat-and-Power Equipment from Damage
Authors: Fux S L , Devyaterikova S V
Published: February 2022

Most often breakage in heat-and-power facilities is caused by decomposition of heating elements while in process. The reason of it is a thick layer of boiler scale on their surface caused by hardness salts and ferric carbonates in industrial water, as well as by roughness of the surface of the heater. The quality of the surface is improved by polishing and covering it with a layer of nickel. The above-mentioned processes could be replaced by covering the surface with a composite electrochemical coating (CEC nickel-fluorocarbon) using fluorocarbon production residue which contains a mixture of fluorocarbon and carbon black. Estimate of the parameters of the process of getting CEC nickel-CFx showed that nickel current output does not depend on presence of a dispersion phase (CFx) in conditions of high current density. Throwing power is even, so that it is possible to get uniform nickel coatings and CEC nickel-CFx. It was stated that the physical characteristics, as well as anti-scaling and anti-corrosion characteristics of CEC nickel-CFx are higher than those of nickel coating. CEC nickel-CFx is recommended for using in heat-and-power equipment.
Research of the Dependence of the Pipeline Ends Displacement Value When Cutting Out Its Defective Section on the Elastic Stresses in the Pipe Body
Authors: Shammazov I A , Sidorkin D I , Dzhemilev E R
Published: February 2022

In the process of repairing main oil and gas pipelines with cutting out defective sections, due to the elastic stresses in the body of the pipeline at the end of the first cut, there is a sharp displacement of the pipeline ends on both sides of the cutting site. This sharp displacement poses a threat to the lives of workers, and also complicates the further process of welding a new section of the pipeline due to the need to center its ends relative to each other. At the same time, to reduce the displacement of the ends of the pipeline, it is often pressed down with an excavator bucket before cutting, which contradicts the safety rules for conducting repair work. This article examines the dependence of the displacement value of the ends of the pipeline on the existing elastic stresses in it in order to substantiate the need to take into account the elastic stresses in the body of the pipeline in the used repair methods, as well as the need to develop safe and technologically efficient equipment for fixing the position of the pipeline before cutting and further centering its ends relative to each other.
Artificial Intelligence Methods for Detecting Water Pollution
Authors: Zharikova E P , Grigoriev J Yu , Grigorieva A L
Published: February 2022

In the modern world, industrial development often negatively affects the environment, including the state of water bodies. Pollution of various types, from thermal to chemical (oil spills, industrial waste dumping and thermometric disturbances), have a detrimental effect on flora and fauna. Continuous monitoring of water areas allows timely detection of pollution. One of the tasks of analyzing the state of water resources is monitoring the water surface and monitoring the coastal zone. The aim of the study is to compare classical approaches based on the application of spectral characteristics and machine learning methods to the analysis of the state of water bodies. The studies show the disadvantages of classical methods of remote sensing in solving problems of autonomous monitoring, consisting in poor resistance to noise and the need for constant expert assessment. The paper presents solutions to the problem of detecting pollution of water bodies using machine learning methods.
Solid Municipal Waste Management for Sustainable Development
Authors: Grishaeva Yu M , Spirin I V , Kiseleva S P , Napolov O B , Matantseva O Yu
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the main directions of improving the management of municipal solid waste in accordance with the requirements of the concept of sustainable development. The concept of “solid municipal waste “is analyzed in its comparison with the concept of “solid household waste”. The problems associated with the functioning of the sphere of solid municipal waste management are emphasized. The tasks of the development of this industry for Russia in the near future are defined. Environmental control of MSW is difficult, since the main sources of MSW are households and organizations of municipal services of settlements. These sources are numerous, highly dispersed (scattered throughout the territory). Insufficient eco-cultural training and inadequate self-awareness of the population prevent the regulation of MSW flows and the spread of SD in everyday life. Therefore, the solution to the problem of solid waste should use an adequate methodology, including administrative regulation and systematic improvement of the level of ecological culture of the population.
Disasters and Resilient City
Authors: Potapova E , Kruchina E , Barkhatova O , Makarov A
Published: February 2022

About 200 million people suffer annually from natural disasters. The economic damage of these events amounts to billions of dollars. In circumstances where more than 50% of the world’s population lives in cities, naturally arises challenge related to implementation of new methods and means aimed at enhancing the capacity of authorities to ensure the safety of human capital, economic values and natural resources. Resilience of cities, regarded as the ability to keep effective functioning during and after natural disasters, is determined by the many criteria. The most important of it is the correct organizational and planning structure of the settlement that meets the Sustainable Development Goals. The presence of a completed scientifically grounded and rational greening of the settlement system will allow for the main range of ecosystem services - from global, sanitary and hygienic and medico-social to scientific, educational, cultural and aesthetic. There are 6 main associated with the objects of greening and plantings subgroups of city resilience criteria. 8 main directions of work of the governing bodies are proposed to achieve the goals of the development of settlements in accordance with the principles of enhancing the viability. 8 main directions of governing bodies work are proposed to achieve the goals of the development of settlements in accordance with the principles of enhancing the city resilience.
Hydrocarbon Systems and Estimation of the Probability of Discovery of Oil and Gas Accumulations in the Bering Sea
Authors: Kerimov V Yu , Lavrenova E A , Guryanov S A
Published: February 2022

The results of studying the hydrocarbon systems with application of the modelling techniques using the Schlumberger PetroMod software complexes are considered. Modeling of sedimentary basins of the Bering Sea and their hydrocarbon systems is performed. Estimation of the probability of discovery of oil and gas accumulations related to the marine hydrocarbon systems showed that the highest probabilities of the discovery characterize the GAHS correspondent to the Eocene-Miocene (Mainitsky-Sobolkov) sediments. Probabilities of discovery of the deposits within the younger Gagarin-Avtatkul hydrocarbon systems (Lower to Middle Miocene) are substantially lower. The perspectives of discovery of oil and gas accumulations are related to oil and gas generation and accumulation capacities of insufficiently studied and distributed along the area of the deep-water region Cretaceous-Cenozoic or more ancient sloping deep sea sedimentary complexes, total capacity of which is higher in the northern and eastern near-slope zones of the Aleutian basin comprising 6 to 8 km or more. Studying of the above complexes would apparently facilitate a substantial increase of total hydrocarbon potential of the Bering Sea.
Cognitive Model of Regional Agricultural Sector
Authors: Musina D R , Yangirov A V , Kharitonov S V
Published: February 2022

In this article, the authors suggest complementing the strategical management methods for the agricultural sector of the region with cognitive modeling technologies. In particular, they developed an integrated cognitive management model comprising two identifying models: the cognitive model of the research subject (the regional agricultural sector) and the cognitive model of the environment (the static model of the region’s agricultural sector), as well as the dynamic cognitive model that allows for the modeling of controlling actions in the sector and assess the results of management decisions. The practical significance of the research lies in the formalization of the management decision-making to implement the model when creating a digital twin of the industry on the digital communications platform for the region’s agricultural sector. The model is versatile because it can be used to model strategic control actions in any of the regions of Russia. One of the drawbacks of this model is the use of the expert approach because of its subjectivity.
Results of the Study of the Productive Characteristics of Wells in the Development of Gas Condensate Deposits
Authors: Vaganov E V , Inyakin V V , Krasnov I I , Katanova R K
Published: February 2022

Currently, to determine the productive characteristics and diagnose the state of the bottomhole zone of wells (BHZ) operating the gas condensate deposits of the Beregovoye field, studies are being carried out, which include a set of interrelated methods that differ in theoretical basis, technology and execution technique. The purpose of these studies is to obtain information on the thermobaric parameters of the formation fluid in the reservoir, on the productive characteristics of wells, on the filtration-volumetric and mechanical properties of the porous medium. In this case, the curve of the derivative of the pressure drop at the bottom of the well with respect to the logarithm of time, built in two logarithmic axes, is widely used. To construct this diagnostic curve, three types of data are used: pressure recovery curve (HPC); pressure stabilization curve at constant well flow rate and studies with arbitrary change in flow rate and bottomhole pressure. Using the curve of the derivative of the pressure drop over the logarithm of time, a very wide range of possible structure of the wellbore area, the shape of its drainage boundaries, fractures, double media, etc., is diagnosed. When determining the productive characteristics during the development of the reservoir, the nature of the pressure change over the reservoir area was studied. The frequency of measurement of reservoir pressure by wells was established taking into account the geological features of the Beregovoye field and the rate of formation gas withdrawal from the reservoir.
Peculiarities in the Distribution of Hydrocarbons in Carbonate Sediments of Venda and Cambrian
Authors: Ivanova Z E , Sivtsev A I
Published: February 2022

An attempt is made to explain the features of the distribution of deposits and zones of improved reservoirs in the carbonate part of the Vendian-Cambrian oil and gas complex. The conditions of oil and gas content of the carbonate part of the section of the Nepsko-Botuobinskaya anteclise (NBA) are proposed: the formation of a fault zone with feathering cracks → circulation of aggressive solutions along them with the formation of secondary fractured-cavernous reservoirs → vertical migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons in the formed secondary reservoir. According to the presented scheme for the formation of zones of improved reservoirs, promising zones and subsoil areas within Western Yakutia are indicated.
Decision Making in Geotechnical Monitoring Systems
Authors: Dorofeev N V , Pankina E S
Published: February 2022

The article considers an algorithm for estimating the moments of correction of the list of controlled and measured parameters, selecting control points and correcting an individual model of a geotechnical object. As a criterion for correcting the list of parameters, it is proposed to use the moments when the values of the controlled parameters approach the critical zone. The choice of parameters for measurement is carried out on the basis of optimization of the ratio of the cost of monitoring to possible damage. The definition of key control zones is carried out according to the criterion of sensitivity of monitoring zones to changes in external parameters. The practical verification was carried out on the data of geotechnical monitoring of a three-storey building in which destructive processes were recorded.
Mobile Equipment for Transportation and Storage of Water Reserves
Authors: Ermoshin N A , Nikolyuk O I , Mokrushin A S , Bakaushin A Y
Published: February 2022

In conditions of reduced freshwater reserves, the problem of its extraction of transportation and storage requires scientific justification of the relevant technical and technological solutions and the development of technical means. The article offers a mobile drinking water module. The design of the module provides for its placement in a thermally insulated container including a system of heating, power supply, distribution, filling and disinfection of water. For the development of the drinking water module, modern technical solutions are used to reduce the heat loss of the tank due to the use of a composite material and a cable of electric heater system. Reduction of microorganism propagation activity in water is provided by ultraviolet treatment and disinfection through ultraviolet gate. The design of the container is designed taking into account the possibility of its transportation in all modes of transport as a separate cargo unit. With the device of belts for loading and unloading. For loading into cars without the use of crane equipment, extendable outriggers are installed in the container, which can be used to install the container on water distribution sites. Mobility of the drinking module is ensured by the inclusion of a diesel generator unit in its composition. The tank of the module is made of stainless steel ensuring the safety of water without the formation of harmful impurities in it, and the coating of the tank with a composite material creates the effect of a thermos. The function of filling and distributing water from the tank is implemented using a distribution column with a vortex pump of a system of shut-off valves and hoses for supplying water. Experimental studies of mobile module operation have been performed. It was established that in order to maintain the water temperature in the tank at 10 ° C at an ambient temperature of minus 30 ° C, the heating system should not be switched on. The innovative design of the heat insulated layer reduces the thermal conductivity of similar water storage tanks made of traditional materials by 4 times. The proposed design of the mobile drinking module provides the possibility of creating clean water reserves for catering and household supplies.
Pump Efficiency Dependence on Variable Rotational Speed
Authors: Baykova L R , Novichkov A V , Karaganov N S
Published: February 2022

To improve the efficiency of the main petroleum pipeline operation and planning of operating modes when using the method of changing the rotor speed, it is necessary to carefully evaluate and predict the efficiency of pumps depending on the rotor speed. Therefore, experimental research of the dependence of efficiency on the rotor speed is needed. Various modes were considered: from the current frequency of 50 Hz to 25 Hz. The results of the study show us that with a decrease of the rotor speed, there is also a decrease in efficiency, which is opposed to the theory of similarity. The obtained results indicate that during the operation and planning of work, it is necessary to take into account the efficiency of the pumps for the correct forecasting of energy costs.
On Metal Status Monitoring Issues of Continuous Operation Pipelines
Authors: Gumerov A , Valiev I , Tashbulatov R
Published: February 2022

The paper shows the relevance of the mechanical properties control of the metal of pipes and welded joints when estimating the safety of pipelines based on the results of periodic inspections. Old pipelines remain in operation in the system, but the issues of aging and degradation of the metal of the pipe and there welded joints remain without proper attention. By aging of a metal, the authors mean a gradual transition to a more stable energy state. How quickly change occurs depends on many factors. Thus, the very mode of operation of the main oil and gas pipelines contributes to the aging of the pipe metal. In addition to strain aging, there are other mechanisms for changing the mechanical properties of pipelines, for example, stress corrosion. Currently, half of all destruction on main gas pipelines occurs due to stress corrosion, the article shows the mechanism of stress corrosion. The paper contains an analysis of the aging and degradation mechanisms of pipe metal. Moreover, not only directions of development of metal control methods are shown but also have taken close look into aging and degradation during the long-term operation of pipelines.
Application of Microbiological Preparations in the Cultivation of Agricultural Crops with the Aim to Reduce the Technogenic Load of Metallurgical Plants
Authors: Ivanova S V , Ryabchikova I A
Published: February 2022

One of the ways to solve the problem of technogenic pollution is to implement biotechnologies for agricultural lands. The study aims to assess the efficiency of microbiological preparations in the cultivation of potatoes near metallurgical plants in the south of Eastern Siberia. The research was conducted in 2015-2016 on three plots located near Shelekhov aluminum production plant. The Japanese preparation EM and the Russian microbial preparations Baikal EM1 and Fitosporin-M were used. The effect of biological products on plant protection from fungal diseases was observed only in 2015. The two-year application of Fitosporin-M increased the potato yield (by 13-22%) on cultivated alkaline soils; on weakly acidic soils, an increase in the yield (by 26%) was observed only in 2016. When applying EM preparations, a stable increase in the yield (14-22%) was observed on weakly acidic soils; on alkaline soils, an increase in the yield was observed in less than 50% of cases. In general, the stable yield enhancement was observed when applying Fitosporin-M on the alkaline soils. The effectiveness of the EM preparations depended on the agrophone and weather conditions.
Optimal Control Allocation for AUVs with Through-body Thrusters
Authors: Kostenko V V , Tolstonogov A Yu
Published: February 2022

Developing multi-purpose AUV with through-body thrusters capable of undertaking both survey-style missions and low-speed interaction requires sophisticated thruster allocation algorithms. The paper presents the adaptive optimal allocation method. This method allows a smooth transition between different motion styles by exponentially decreasing through-body thrusters’ involvement according to their hydrodynamic model. The proposed method is compared with the prioritized direct allocation method. The simulation result of the control allocation for the AUV “MMT-300” propulsion system model is provided.
Spectral-Correlation Signal Processing in the Infrasonic Frequency Range
Authors: Kasatkin B A , Zlobina N V , Kasatkin S B , Kosarev G V
Published: February 2022

The article discusses hydroacoustic receiving systems, consisting of combined receivers, and the processing of the received hydroacoustic signals. Each module of the sonar system has four channels for receiving information. Spectral processing was carried out using sixteen information parameters, which made it possible to achieve the maximum noise immunity of the receiving system. Correlation processing of signals confirmed the high correlation of signals on the elements of the receiving hydroacoustic system.
Prior and Posterior Assessments of Failure Scenario Probabilities and Environmental Risks at Hazardous Industrial Facilities
Authors: Makhutov N A , Reznikov D O
Published: February 2022

The paper presents an approach for obtaining prior and posterior assessments of probabilities of various failure scenarios and risks at hazardous industrial facilities. The approach is based on the toolkit of Bayesian nets and allows accounting for new information that is obtained at the stage of the facility operation from monitoring systems and technical inspections. The presented approach can be used for developing risk-based inspection planning and risk-based management programs for hazardous industrial facilities.
U-Pb Geochronology of Subvolcanic and Pyroclastic Formations of the Zmeinogorsk Barite-Polymetallic Deposit (Rudny Altai)
Authors: Grinev O M , Semiryakov A S , Bestemianova K V , Grinev R O
Published: February 2022

Schemes of Zmeinogorsk ore field structure made in 1996, 1960 and 1949 have been analyzed. The schemes differ from each other in contents and prospecting trends. This study is based on the 1949 scheme, made on the basis of the results of extensive mining and drilling operations. Based on the analysis of stratigraphy, LA-Q-ICP-MS dating results by U-Pb method, rocks composition, plicative and disjunctive dislocations of sedimentary, volcanic and subvolcanic formations, as well as their relationship, an updated scheme of Zmeinogorsk ore field structure is suggested. It belongs to rhyolite dome-type, which is also charactered to the neighboring Leninogorsk ore district.
Results of Modeling of the Processes of Generation, Migration and Accumulation of Hydrocarbons in the Eastern Part of the Scythian Platform
Authors: Kerimov V Yu , Mustaev R N , Yandarbiev N S , Ismailov D D
Published: February 2022

Basic spatial and temporal regularities for development of the processes of generation, migration and accumulation of hydrocarbon fluids in the eastern part of the Scythian platform are determined and particularities of the generation and accumulation hydrocarbon systems in the northern platform boundary – Karpinsky ridge-Mangyshlak and Eastern Ciscaucasia oil and gas producing rocks are studied on the basis of application of the techniques for basin analysis and modeling of the hydrocarbon systems. The results of studying and modeling of the hydrocarbon systems prove that five hydrocarbon systems– Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Paleocene-Eocene and Oligocene-Miocene generation and accumulation hydrocarbon systems (GAHS) – can be defined within the sedimentary mantle of the eastern part of the Scythian platform. Two-dimensional models based on the regional seismic profile crossing the tectonic elements in the eastern part of the Scythian platform were created using the Temis Suite software package. Main directions for further performance of prospecting and appraisal works in the eastern part of the Scythian platform were determined on the basis of the performed investigations and modeling of GAHS. Differentiation of the investigated area is performed in terms of the type of predicted oil-and-gas content, age of the promising oil and gas complexes and their confinedness to the tectonic structures and zones.
Prospects of Using Neural Networks for Recognition of Certain Stages in Plant Growth
Authors: Kazarin I K , Gilyov A M , Kozhushko A E , Kovalevskiy K V
Published: February 2022

The article contains results of research of using neural networks to determine the leafy lettuce’s stages of growth. Lettuce has been grown using hydroponic facility. It was found that neural networks can determine certain stages of growth with high precision.
Territorial Prospects for Growing Lentils
Authors: Mamakhai A K , Zagoruiko M G
Published: February 2022

We assessed the prospects of lentil cultivation in the Russian Federation and the most favorable regions for this. The following tasks were set: we assessed the importance of lentils in the country’s economy, identified promising regions for growing lentils, taking into account agronomic and economic conditions. When analyzing suitable regions for lentil cultivation, not only the agrotechnical conditions of cultivation were taken into account, but also economic factors, for example, the proximity and volume of sales markets, including exports. The selection of promising regions for growing lentils was made on the basis of its agrobiological properties, existing cultivation volumes and agro-climatic conditions of the regions of the Russian Federation. The impact of global climate change and the dynamics of lentil cultivation volumes in recent years were taken into account. Canada, as one of the world leaders in growing lentils, is located at the same latitude with the regions of the Saratov and Volgograd regions. In Russia, the Saratov and Volgograd regions are in good soil and climatic conditions for growing lentils. The high gross harvest was the result of an increase in the acreage under lentils, the value of which in 2019 amounted to 274 thousand hectares, which is 3 thousand hectares more than last year. The production of lentils is going on with a noticeable increase, which is due to the significant orientation of the cultivation of this crop for export. According to the AB-center, in 2015, export deliveries of lentils amounted to 7.4 thousand tons; in 2016-17.2; in 2017-64.6 thousand tons, 2018-77.9 thousand tons; 2019 – 79.8 thousand tons. In the course of research, it was found out that lentils play an important role in the national economy of the country. It is determined that the regions of the Saratov and Volgograd regions are the most promising for expanding lentil production both in terms of agro-climatic conditions and economic potential.
Liquid Energy Reduction with Centrifugal Rotating Motion
Authors: Konoplev N G , Korobkov G E
Published: February 2022

This article provides equation for calculating the pressure loss for a fluid and energy for a rolling ball moving in a logarithmic spiral from the action of inertial forces. Classical formulas give incorrect results when calculating coils with a changing twist radius. The calculation of the parameters of the fluid flow in the spiral bend and in the blades of the centrifugal impeller can now be determined only by numerical methods of calculation and, as such, formulas reflecting the energy losses associated with inertial forces do not yet exist. Based on the results of experimental and theoretical work, formulas were obtained that describe the energy losses of a liquid and a ball, when they move along a logarithmic spiral. For the correct derivation of formulas for a moving fluid, it was first necessary to obtain formulas for a rolling ball and a material point. The movement in a logarithmetic spiral is the basis for the movement of particles in a vortex.
Methodology for Assessing Fire Risk in Double-Deck Trains
Authors: Matveev A V , Eliseev I B , Beskov M S
Published: February 2022

The authors explore the problem of ensuring fire safety and assessing the expected risk to life in double-deck trains. Statistical data of fires on railway transport in Russia are presented, their main causes are revealed. A method for assessing expected risk to life in double-deck trains is proposed. The results of the assessment can be used in the future to justify the adoption of additional measures aimed at reducing the level of fire hazard for people in double-decker trains.
Lactation Characteristics of Red Steppe and Simmenthal Cows in Yakutia
Authors: Zakharova L N
Published: February 2022

This article considers the comparison of the lactation characteristics of local and imported cow breeds.

The winter rations of milk cows contain 9.4 EFU of fodder and 1139 g of digestible proteins, which is 89.9 and 107% of the feeding reference values. The rations comprise 36% of bulk feed, 24% of succulent feed, and 40% of concentrated feed. The proportion of sugar and proteins is 0.43, which means that the content of carbohydrates in the diet is insufficient. The authors established that the research cows had different lactation curve levels even if they had the same housing conditions and diets. For both groups, lactation curves were at the highest during the summer with 5-6 months of lactation and when animals were in the open grazing. The lactation curve of the dairy breed beings to drop rapidly since the 6th month of lactation, and the lactation curve of the local Simmenthal cows reduces more smoothly.

The lactation persistency coefficient for the Red Steppe breed equaled 66.5%. Local Simmenthal cows had the highest lactation productivity of 89.7%.
Antropogenic Impacts on the Thermal Condition of Permafrost in Central Yakutia
Authors: Skryabin P N , Varlamov S P
Published: February 2022

The results of long-term geothermal investigations in disturbed landscapes along the railway, water line and gas pipeline are presented. Human-induced changes in the ground thermal state are analyzed. The study has shown significant increases in mean annual temperature of the upper permafrost layers, as well as in seasonal thaw depth in the inter-alas type of terrain after the removal of trees, ground surface stripping and post-fire clearing. Quantitative estimates are given for the dynamics of mean annual ground temperatures on cuts and burns in relation to vegetation succession.
Transformation of the Service Sector as Part of the Agribusiness Digitalization
Authors: Marinchenko T E
Published: February 2022

The digitalization of production in agriculture is a global trend. The national priorities of modern Russia to be established by the program documents of the country’s socio-economic development for the period up to 2030 determine the digitalization of various industries including the agribusiness as a priority task for ensuring the country’s entry into the number of the largest economies in the world. To speed up the process in the agribusiness, a departmental project titled’Digital Agriculture’ is being implemented, the ultimate goal of which is to ensure a technological breakthrough and achieve productivity growth at enterprises by developing and launching replicated end-to-end intelligent systems. Agriculture ranks fourth in terms of the possibility of automation among all sectors of the economy ahead of construction, insurance and trade. The digitalization of the country’s economy has determined the transformation of the service sector including banks and telecom operators. Digital initiatives of banks and telecom operators have been analyzed in the interests of the agribusiness.
Influence of Soil Salinity on Pore Water Phase Composition
Authors: Protodyakonova N A , Stepanov A V , Timofeev A M , Malyshev A V , Kravtsova O N , Tappyrova N I
Published: February 2022

In areas of intensive construction on the Arctic coast, river valleys of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) non-freezing taliks with a high concentration of pore solution (cryopegs) are found in the strata of permafrost soils. N. P. Anisimova made a great contribution to the study of the cryopegsformation in the cryolithozone [1]. For solutions of any composition, it is established [2] that there is a general dependence of the relative freezing temperature on the relative concentration of the solution. It has also been established that the effect of dissolved salts is additive. The freezing temperature of the solution in the pores of dispersed media is affected, in addition to the concentration and composition of the solution the adsorption capacity of the material in relation to the components of the solution.
Features of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons Destruction in the Soils of Objects of the Fuel and Energy Complex of Yakutia
Authors: Glyaznetsova Yu S , Zueva I N , Lifshits S Kh , Chalaya O N
Published: February 2022

The paper presents the data on 8-year monitoring of the remediation of disturbed lands and the assessment of the effectiveness of biological treatment of oil-polluted soils. The positive effect of the clean-up work was clearly saw annually for only one summer season. An increase in the level of pollution by the beginning of each next season was most likely due to the oil migration from the underlying soil horizons to the near-surface ones. The data obtained on chemical composition of the soil samples taken from a depth of up to 100 cm showed, that oil content was 2 times higher than on the surface. With depth increasing the amount of hydrocarbon components had become more in the composition of soil extracts, while the content of resins and asphaltenes had decreased. This could mitigate the positive effect of reclamation work.
Interaction of Blast Waves with Multilayer Surfaces and Multiphase Media
Authors: Chernyshov M V , Kapralova A S
Published: February 2022

The possibilities and methods of attenuation of blast waves when they are reflected on any limiting surface in terms of the peak pressure and momentum of the compression phase are of real practical interest. This interest stems from the need to eliminate or maximally mitigate the harmful effects of accidental and terrorist explosions. Porous materials are widely used in a variety of engineering structures due to their superior energy absorption capacity and other advantages in mechanical and physical properties. But when the porous material was used in protective structures to resist an explosive shock wave or high velocity impact, the protective function of the porous material was questionable. There are data indicating both a weakening and an increase in the explosive load on the protected object, depending on the structure of the porous material, the thickness of the protective layer, the duration of the positive phase of the blast wave pressure.
Analysis of the Geomechanical Conditions at the Kalmakir Porphyry Copper Ore Deposit (Uzbekistan)
Authors: Esina E N , Kirkov A E , Doskalov A I
Published: February 2022

The parameters of the open-pit mining of the Almalyk deposit of porphyry copper ores of the Kalmakir open-cast are analyzed. Three-dimensional model of the quarry is constructed by means of modern geoinformation modeling method. Basic factors affecting the deformation processes of the rock mass are identified. The zones of potential deformations of the quarry-sides with the depth increase are determined, recommendations for effective deformation processes monitoring to provide safe mining operation process are developed.