bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Continuous input current buck DC/DC converter for small-size wind energy systems featuring current sensorless MPPT control
Authors: Zakzouk Nahla E.
Published: January 2024

For decentralized electrification in remote areas, small-sized wind energy systems (WESs) are considered sustainable and affordable solution when employing an efficient, small-sized component converter integrated with a less-sophisticated, cost-effective MPPT controller. Unfortunately, using a conventional buck DC/DC converter as a MPP tracker suffer from input current discontinuity. The latter results in high ripples in the tracked rectified wind power which reduces the captured power and affects system operation especially in standalone applications which are self-sufficient and independent of grid support. Furthermore, these ripples propagate to the machine side causing vibration and torque stress which impacts turbine performance and safety. To solve this issue, a large electrolytic capacitor is placed at the buck converter input to buffer these ripples, yet at the cost of larger size, losses and reduced reliability. Oppositely, the developed C1, D4 and D6 buck converters have the merit of continuous input current at small component-size. In this paper, dynamic modelling of these three converters is developed to select the one with the least input current ripples to replace the traditional buck converter in the considered WES system. Consequently, fluctuations in the tracked power are minimized and the large buffer capacitor is eliminated. This enhances system lifetime, reduces its cost and increases tracking efficiency. Moreover, mechanical power and torque fluctuations are minimized, thus maintaining machine protection. Furthermore, a sensorless MPPT algorithm, based on converter averaged state-space model, is proposed. Being dependent on variable-step P&O algorithm, the proposed approach features simple structure, ease of control and a compromise between tracking time and accuracy besides reduced cost due to the eliminated current sensor. Simulation results verified the effectiveness of the selected converter applying the proposed MPPT approach to efficiently track the wind power under wind variations with cost-effective realization.
New dienelactone hydrolase from microalgae bacterial community-Antibiofilm activity against fish pathogens and potential applications for aquaculture
Authors: Bergmann Lutgardis , Balzer Le Simone , Hageskal Gunhild , Preuss Lena , Han Yuchen , Astafyeva Yekaterina , Loevenich Simon , Emmann Sarah , Perez-Garcia Pablo , Indenbirken Daniela , Katzowitsch Elena , Thümmler Fritz , Alawi Malik , Wentzel Alexander , Streit Wolfgang R. , Krohn Ines
Published: January 2024

Biofilms are resistant to many traditional antibiotics, which has led to search for new antimicrobials from different and unique sources. To harness the potential of aquatic microbial resources, we analyzed the meta-omics datasets of microalgae-bacteria communities and mined them for potential antimicrobial and quorum quenching enzymes. One of the most interesting candidates (Dlh3), a dienelactone hydrolase, is a α/β-protein with predicted eight α-helices and eight β-sheets. When it was applied to one of the major fish pathogens, Edwardsiella anguillarum, the biofilm development was reproducibly inhibited by up to 54.5%. The transcriptome dataset in presence of Dlh3 showed an upregulation in functions related to self-defense like active genes for export mechanisms and transport systems. The most interesting point regarding the biotechnological potential for aquaculture applications of Dlh3 are clear evidence of biofilm inhibition and that health and division of a relevant fish cell model (CHSE-214) was not impaired by the enzyme.
Identification and validation of prognostic signature genes of bladder cancer by integrating methylation and transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Chatterjee Dipankor , Mou Sadia Islam , Sultana Tamanna , Hosen Md. Ismail , Faruk Md. Omar
Published: January 2024

Being a frequent malignant tumor of the genitourinary system, Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma (BLCA) has a poor prognosis. This study focused on identifying and validating prognostic biomarkers utilizing methylation, transcriptomics, and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma (TCGA BLCA) cohort. The impact of altered differentially methylated hallmark pathway genes was subjected to clustering analysis to observe changes in the transcriptional landscape on BLCA patients and identify two subtypes of patients from the TCGA BLCA population where Subtype 2 was associated with the worst prognosis with a p-value of 0.00032. Differential expression and enrichment analysis showed that subtype 2 was enriched in immune-responsive and cancer-progressive pathways, whereas subtype 1 was enriched in biosynthetic pathways. Following, regression and network analyses revealed Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), Fos-related antigen 1 (FOSL1), Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 (NFE2), ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 4D (ARL4D), SH3 domain containing ring finger 2 (SH3RF2), and Cadherin 3 (CDH3) genes to be the most significant prognostic gene markers. These genes were used to construct a risk model that separated the BLCA patients into high and low-risk groups. The risk model was also validated in an external dataset by performing survival analysis between high and low-risk groups with a p-value < 0.001 and the result showed the high group was significantly associated with poor prognosis compared to the low group. Single-cell analyses revealed the elevated level of these genes in the tumor microenvironment and associated with immune response. High-grade patients also tend to have a high expression of these genes compared to low-grade patients. In conclusion, this research developed a six-gene signature that is pertinent to the prediction of overall survival (OS) and might contribute to the advancement of precision medicine in the management of bladder cancer.
Different controllers for suppressing oscillations of a hybrid oscillator via non-perturbative analysis
Authors: Moatimid Galal M. , El-Sayed A. T. , Salman Hala F.
Published: January 2024

To arrive at an equivalent linear differential equation, the non-perturbative approach (NPA) is established. The corresponding linear equation is employed for performing the structural analysis. A numerical computation demonstrates a high consistency with the precise frequency. The correlation with the numerical solution explains the reasonableness of the obtained solutions. For additional nonlinear kinds of oscillation, the methodology gives an exact simulation. The stable construction of the prototype is shown in a series of diagrams. Positive position feedback (PPF), integral resonant control (IRC), nonlinear integral positive position feedback (NIPPF), and negative derivative feedback (NDF) are proposed to get rid of the damaging vibration in the system. It is found that the NDF control is more efficient than other controllers for vibration suppression. The theoretical methodology is applied by using the averaging method for getting a perturbed solution. The stability and influence of various parameters of the structure are established at main and 1:1 internal resonance, which is presented as one of the worst resonance cases. Association concerning mathematical solution and computational simulation is achieved.
Maternal exposure to polyethylene micro- and nanoplastics impairs umbilical blood flow but not fetal growth in pregnant mice
Authors: Hanrahan Jenna , Steeves Katherine L. , Locke Drew P. , O’Brien Thomas M. , Maekawa Alexandre S. , Amiri Roshanak , Macgowan Christopher K. , Baschat Ahmet A. , Kingdom John C. , Simpson André J. , Simpson Myrna J. , Sled John G. , Jobst Karl J. , Cahill Lindsay S.
Published: January 2024

While microplastics have been recently detected in human blood and the placenta, their impact on human health is not well understood. Using a mouse model of environmental exposure during pregnancy, our group has previously reported that exposure to polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics throughout gestation results in fetal growth restriction. While polystyrene is environmentally relevant, polyethylene is the most widely produced plastic and amongst the most commonly detected microplastic in drinking water and human blood. In this study, we investigated the effect of maternal exposure to polyethylene micro- and nanoplastics on fetal growth and placental function. Healthy, pregnant CD-1 dams were divided into three groups: 106 ng/L of 740–4990 nm polyethylene with surfactant in drinking water (n = 12), surfactant alone in drinking water (n = 12) or regular filtered drinking water (n = 11). At embryonic day 17.5, high-frequency ultrasound was used to investigate the placental and fetal hemodynamic responses following exposure. While maternal exposure to polyethylene did not impact fetal growth, there was a significant effect on placental function with a 43% increase in umbilical artery blood flow in the polyethylene group compared to controls (p < 0.01). These results suggest polyethylene has the potential to cause adverse pregnancy outcomes through abnormal placental function.
Diagnostic accuracy of the breast MRI Kaiser score in suspected architectural distortions and its comparison with mammography
Authors: Aslan Ozge , Oktay Aysenur
Published: January 2024

Suspicious architectural distortion is an elusive finding in breast cancer diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Kaiser score for suspicious architectural distortions observed on mammography and compare it with the BI-RADS score of the lesion. Mammograms performed between January 2013 and March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed for the presence of suspicious architectural distortion. Forty-one patients, who had at least 1 year of radiological follow-up or pathology results, and underwent breast MRI, were included in the study. Mammography findings and the BI-RADS category of the lesion were assessed. MRI findings were evaluated and Kaiser scoring was performed according to the tree flowchart. Ninety-one percent of the enhanced lesions had a Kaiser score of 5 and above. In the diagnosis of malignancy, the Kaiser score yielded an accuracy of 75.61% (AUC 0.833). A statistically significant correlation was observed indicating that a malignant diagnosis was more prevalent in patients with a Kaiser score of 5 and above (p < 0.05). Additionally statistically significant relationship was also observed between the BI-RADS category of architectural distortions on mammography and the Kaiser score (p = 0.007). The combined utilization of mammography findings and the evidence-based Kaiser score in suspected architectural distortions provides more accurate results in the differential diagnosis of breast cancer.
Comparative analysis of reconstructed ancestral proteins with their extant counterparts suggests primitive life had an alkaline habitat
Authors: Fujikawa Takayuki , Sasamoto Takahiro , Zhao Fangzheng , Yamagishi Akihiko , Akanuma Satoshi
Published: January 2024

To understand the origin and early evolution of life it is crucial to establish characteristics of the primordial environment that facilitated the emergence and evolution of life. One important environmental factor is the pH of the primordial environment. Here, we assessed the pH-dependent thermal stabilities of previously reconstructed ancestral nucleoside diphosphate kinases and ribosomal protein uS8s. The selected proteins were likely to be present in ancient organisms such as the last common ancestor of bacteria and that of archaea. We also assessed the thermal stability of homologous proteins from extant acidophilic, neutralophilic, and alkaliphilic microorganisms as a function of pH. Our results indicate that the reconstructed ancestral proteins are more akin to those of extant alkaliphilic bacteria, which display greater stability under alkaline conditions. These findings suggest that the common ancestors of bacterial and archaeal species thrived in an alkaline environment. Moreover, we demonstrate the reconstruction method employed in this study is a valuable technique for generating alkali-tolerant proteins that can be used in a variety of biotechnological and environmental applications.
Vocal fingerprinting reveals a substantially smaller global population of the Critically Endangered cao vit gibbon (Nomascus nasutus) than previously thought
Authors: Wearn Oliver R. , Trinh-Dinh Hoang , Ma Chang-Yong , Khac Le Quyet , Nguyen Phuong , Van Hoang Tuan , Van Luong Chuyen , Van Hua Tru , Van Hoang Quan , Fan Peng-Fei , Duc Nguyen Tho
Published: January 2024

The cao vit gibbon (Nomascus nasutus) is one of the rarest primates on Earth and now only survives in a single forest patch of less than 5000 ha on the Vietnam–China border. Accurate monitoring of the last remaining population is critical to inform ongoing conservation interventions and track conservation success over time. However, traditional methods for monitoring gibbons, involving triangulation of groups from their songs, are inherently subjective and likely subject to considerable measurement errors. To overcome this, we aimed to use ‘vocal fingerprinting’ to distinguish the different singing males in the population. During the 2021 population survey, we complemented the traditional observations made by survey teams with a concurrent passive acoustic monitoring array. Counts of gibbon group sizes were also assisted with a UAV-mounted thermal camera. After identifying eight family groups in the acoustic data and incorporating long-term data, we estimate that the population was comprised of 74 individuals in 11 family groups, which is 38% smaller than previously thought. We have no evidence that the population has declined—indeed it appears to be growing, with new groups having formed in recent years—and the difference is instead due to double-counting of groups in previous surveys employing the triangulation method. Indeed, using spatially explicit capture-recapture modelling, we uncovered substantial measurement error in the bearings and distances from field teams. We also applied semi- and fully-automatic approaches to clustering the male calls into groups, finding no evidence that we had missed any males with the manual approach. Given the very small size of the population, conservation actions are now even more urgent, in particular habitat restoration to allow the population to expand. Our new population estimate now serves as a more robust basis for informing management actions and tracking conservation success over time.
Automated optic disk segmentation for optic disk edema classification using factorized gradient vector flow
Authors: Naing Seint Lei , Aimmanee Pakinee
Published: January 2024

One significant ocular symptom of neuro-ophthalmic disorders of the optic disk (OD) is optic disk edema (ODE). The etiologies of ODE are broad, with various symptoms and effects. Early detection of ODE can prevent potential vision loss and fatal vision problems. The texture of edematous OD significantly differs from the non-edematous OD in retinal images. As a result, techniques that usually work for non-edematous cases may not work well for edematous cases. We propose a fully automatic OD classification of edematous and non-edematous OD on fundus image collections containing a mixture of edematous and non-edematous ODs. The proposed algorithm involved localization, segmentation, and classification of edematous and non-edematous OD. The factorized gradient vector flow (FGVF) was used to segment the ODs. The OD type was classified using a linear support vector machine (SVM) based on 27 features extracted from the vessels, GLCM, color, and intensity line profile. The proposed method was tested on 295 images with 146 edematous cases and 149 non-edematous cases from three datasets. The segmentation achieves an average precision of 88.41%, recall of 89.35%, and F1-Score of 86.53%. The average classification accuracy is 99.40% and outperforms the state-of-the-art method by 3.43%.
Long-term effects of a prehospital telemedicine system on structural and process quality indicators of an emergency medical service
Authors: Schröder Hanna , Beckers Stefan K. , Borgs Christina , Sommer Anja , Rossaint Rolf , Grüßer Linda , Felzen Marc
Published: January 2024

The benefits of a telemedical support system for prehospital emergency medical services include high-level emergency medical support at the push of a button: delegation of drug administration, diagnostic assistance, initiation of therapeutic measures, or choice of hospital destination. At various European EMS sites telemedical routine systems are shortly before implementation. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of implementing a tele-EMS system on the structural and procedural quality indicators and therefore performance of an entire EMS system. This retrospective study included all EMS missions in Aachen city between 2015 and 2021. Regarding structural indicators of the EMS system, we investigated the overall number of emergency missions with tele-EMS and onsite EMS physicians. Furthermore, we analyzed the distribution of tracer diagnosis and process quality with respect to the time spans on the scene, time until teleconsultation, duration of teleconsultation, prehospital engagement time, and number of simultaneous teleconsultations. During the 7-year study period, 229,384 EMS missions were completed. From 2015 to 2021, the total number of EMS missions increased by 8.5%. A tele-EMS physician was consulted on 23,172 (10.1%) missions. The proportion of telemedicine missions increased from 8.6% in 2015 to 12.9% in 2021. Teleconsultations for missions with tracer diagnoses decreased during from 43.7% to 30.7%, and the proportion of non-tracer diagnoses increased from 56.3% to 69.3%. The call duration for teleconsultation decreased from 12.07 min in 2015 to 9.42 min in 2021. For every fourth mission, one or more simultaneous teleconsultations were conducted by the tele-EMS physician on duty. The implementation and routine use of a tele-EMS system increased the availability of onsite EMS physicians and enabled immediate onsite support for paramedics. Parallel teleconsultations, reduction in call duration, and increase in ambulatory onsite treatments over the years demonstrate the increasing experience of paramedics and tele-EMS physicians with the system in place. A prehospital tele-EMS system is important for mitigating the current challenges in the prehospital emergency care sector.
Effects of aggregate sizes on the performance of laterized concrete
Authors: Ukpata Joseph O. , Ewa Desmond E. , Success Nwajei Godwin , Alaneme George Uwadiegwu , Otu Obeten Nicholas , Olaiya Bamidele Charles
Published: January 2024

Due to the high costs of traditional concrete materials in Nigeria, such as river sand, there is an increasing demand to explore alternative materials like laterite for fine aggregates. Although laterite is abundant in Nigeria, its full potential in the construction industry remains untapped. Previous studies have shown that partially replacing river sand with laterite produces concrete with competitive strength properties. This research aims to validate and extend these findings, evaluating the impact of different aggregate sizes (12 mm, 20 mm, and 40 mm) on the strength of concrete with 10% and 25% laterite replacements for fine aggregate. Results revealed that as the laterite percentage increased, compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths decreased. While 0% and 10% laterite replacements met the required strength, the mix with 25% laterite fell short. Increasing maximum coarse aggregate size led to higher strengths, with 40 mm sizes exhibiting the highest, and 12 mm the lowest. Compressive strengths ranged from 22.1 to 37.6 N/mm2, flexural strengths from 4.07 to 5.99 N/mm2 and split-tensile strengths from 2.93 to 4.30 N/mm2. This research highlights the need for meticulous mix design adjustments when using laterite, balancing workability with strength objectives. The developed regression models offer a valuable tool for predicting concrete properties based on mix parameters, providing insights for optimizing laterized concrete designs across diverse construction applications and supporting sustainable building practices.
Observational evidence of overlooked downwelling induced by tropical cyclones in the open ocean
Authors: Yang Chien-Yi , Yang Yiing Jang , Tseng Yu-Heng , Jan Sen , Chang Ming-Huei , Wei Ching-Ling , Terng Chuen-Teyr
Published: January 2024

Tropical cyclones (TCs) cause severe natural hazards and drive intense upper ocean cooling through a series of oceanic and atmospheric physical processes, including vertical mixing and upwelling. Among these processes, TC-induced warming of near-surface waters in the open ocean has rarely been noted. This study provides a detailed analysis of upper ocean responses to 30 TC events observed by two buoys in the western North Pacific between 2016 and 2021. Supplemented with numerical experiments, we suggest that downwelling frequently occurs at the periphery of upwelling regions (around the radius of the 34 knot wind speed) following the passage of a TC. Downwelling is identified via pronounced warm anomalies under a shallow mixed layer depth, and its dynamics are attributed to negative wind stress curl and current-induced convergence. These findings highlight the important role played by TC-induced downwelling and offer insights for reconsidering the influence of TCs on biogeochemical processes.
A transcriptomic analysis of skeletal muscle tissues reveals promising candidate genes and pathways accountable for different daily weight gain in Hanwoo cattle
Authors: Sheet Sunirmal , Jang Sun Sik , Kim Jae Hwan , Park Woncheoul , Kim Dahye
Published: January 2024

Cattle traits like average daily weight gain (ADG) greatly impact profitability. Selecting based on ADG considering genetic variability can lead to economic and genetic advancements in cattle breeding. This study aimed to unravel genetic influences on ADG variation in Hanwoo cattle at the skeletal muscle transcriptomic level. RNA sequencing was conducted on longissimus dorsi (LD), semimembranosus (SB), and psoas major (PM) muscles of 14 steers assigned to same feed, grouped by low (≤ 0.71 kg) and high (≥ 0.77 kg) ADG. At P ≤ 0.05 and log2fold > 1.5, the distinct pattern of gene expression was identified with 184, 172, and 210 differentially expressed genes in LD, SB, and PM muscles, respectively. Tissue-specific responses to ADG variation were evident, with myogenesis and differentiation associated JAK-STAT signaling pathway and prolactin signaling pathways enriched in LD and SB muscles, while adipogenesis-related PPAR signaling pathways were enriched in PM muscle. Key hub genes (AXIN2, CDKN1A, MYC, PTGS2, FZD5, SPP1) were upregulated and functionally significant in muscle growth and differentiation. Notably, DPP6, CDKN1A, and FZD5 emerged as possible candidate genes linked to ADG variation. These findings enhance our understanding of genetic factors behind ADG variation in Hanwoo cattle, illuminating skeletal muscle mechanisms influencing ADG.
Association of baseline electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy with future renal function decline in the general population
Authors: Ikeda Shota , Shinohara Keisuke , Tagawa Koshiro , Tohyama Takeshi , Kishimoto Junji , Kazurayama Masaya , Tanaka Shinji , Yamaizumi Masamitsu , Nagayoshi Hirokazu , Toyama Kensuke , Matsushima Shouji , Tsutsui Hiroyuki , Kinugawa Shintaro
Published: January 2024

Electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) could predict adverse renal outcomes in patients with hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the association between electrocardiographic LVH and future decline in renal function in the general population using a dataset of population-based health checkups from 2010 to 2019 including 19,825 participants. Electrocardiographic LVH was defined according to the Minnesota code. Renal function decline was defined as a decrease of ≥ 25% in the estimated glomerular filtration rate from baseline to < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Electrocardiographic LVH was found in 1263 participants at the baseline visit. The mean follow-up period was 3.4 ± 1.9 years. The incidence rates of renal function decline were 0.30 and 0.78 per 100 person-years in the non-LVH group and LVH groups, respectively. Electrocardiographic LVH was associated with the risk for renal function decline in the adjusted analysis (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.14–2.50, P = 0.009). This association was comparable across subgroups stratified by age, sex, body mass index, diagnosed hypertension, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and urinary protein. This study underscores the usefulness of electrocardiographic LVH to detect high-risk individuals for renal function decline in the setting of health checkups in the general population.
Gender-specific homophily on Instagram and implications on information spread
Authors: Pignolet Yvonne-Anne , Schmid Stefan , Seelisch Arne
Published: January 2024

More and more social interactions happen online. On online social networks such as Instagram, millions of users share, like, and comment on photos and videos every day, interacting with other users world wide, at large scale and at a high rate. These networks do not only introduce new user experiences, but they also enable new insights into human behavior. Here, we use these new possibilities to study homophilic behavior—the tendency of individuals to bond with people similar to themselves. While homophilic behavior has been observed in many contexts, little is known about gender-specific differences and the extent of homophilic behavior of female and male users in online social networks. Based on a unique and extensive data set, covering over 800,000 (directed) Instagram interactions and a time span of three years, we shed light on differences between genders and uncover an intriguing asymmetry of homophily. In particular, we show that female users exhibit homophily to a larger extent than male users. The magnitude of this asymmetry depends on the type of interaction, as differences are more pronounced for ‘comment’-interactions than for ‘like’-interactions. Given these empirical observations, we further study the implications of such gender differences on the spread of information in social networks in a basic model. We find that on average, a piece of information that originates from a female group reaches significantly more female users than male users.
Spatial patterns of historical crop yields reveal soil health attributes in US Midwest fields
Authors: Fowler Ames , Basso Bruno , Maureira Fidel , Millar Neville , Ulbrich Ruben , Brinton William F.
Published: January 2024

Attaining high crop yields and increasing carbon storage in agricultural soils, while avoiding negative environmental impacts on water quality, soil erosion, and biodiversity, requires accurate and precise management of crop inputs and management practices. The long-term analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of crop yields provides insights on how yields vary in a field, with parts of field constantly producing either high yields or low yields and other parts that fluctuate from one year to the next. The concept of yield stability has shown to be informative on how plants translate the effects of environmental conditions (e.g., soil, climate, topography) across the field and over the years in the final yield, and as a valuable layer in developing prescription maps of variable fertilizer rate inputs. Using known relationships between soil health and crop yields, we hypothesize that areas with measured constantly low yield will return low carbon to the soil affecting its heath. On this premises, yield stability zones (YSZ) provide an effective and practical integrative measure of the small-scale variability of soil health on a field relative basis. We tested this hypothesis by measuring various metrics of soil health from commercial farmers’ fields in the north central Midwest of the USA in samples replicated across YSZ, using a soil test suite commonly used by producers and stakeholders active in agricultural carbon credits markets. We found that the use of YSZ allowed us to successfully partition field-relative soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil health metrics into statistically distinct regions. Low and stable (LS) yield zones were statistically lower in normalized SOC when compared to high and stable (HS) and unstable (US) yield zones. The drivers of the yield differences within a field are a series of factors ranging from climate, topography and soil. LS zones occur in areas of compacted soil layers or shallow soils (edge of the field) on steeper slopes. The US zones occurring with high water flow accumulation, were more dependent on topography and rainfall. The differences in the components of the overall soil health score (SHS) between these YSZ increased with sample depth suggesting a deeper topsoil in the US and HS zones, driven by the accumulation of water, nutrients, and carbon downslope. Comparison of the field management provided initial evidence that zero tillage reduces the magnitude of the variance in SOC and soil health metrics between the YSZ.
Pan-cancer analyses of the associations between 109 pre-existing conditions and cancer treatment patterns across 19 adult cancers
Authors: Chang Wai Hoong , Lai Alvina G.
Published: January 2024

Comorbidities present considerable challenges to cancer treatment and care. However, little is known about the effect of comorbidity on cancer treatment decisions across a wide range of cancer types and treatment modalities. Harnessing a cohort of 280,543 patients spanning 19 site-specific cancers, we explored pan-cancer frequencies of 109 comorbidities. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between comorbidities and cancer treatment types, while binomial logistic regression examined the association between comorbidities and chemotherapy drug types, adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. Patients with comorbidity exhibited lower odds of receiving chemotherapy and multimodality treatment. End-stage renal disease was significantly associated with a decreased odds of receiving chemotherapy and surgery. Patients with prostate cancer who have comorbid non-acute cystitis, obstructive and reflux uropathy, urolithiasis, or hypertension were less likely to receive chemotherapy. Among patients with breast cancer, dementia, left bundle branch block, peripheral arterial disease, epilepsy, Barrett’s oesophagus, ischaemic stroke, unstable angina and asthma were associated with lower odds of receiving multimodal chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. Comorbidity is also consistently associated with the lower odds of receiving chemotherapy when comparing across 10 drug classes. Patients with comorbid dementia, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, oesophageal varices, liver fibrosis sclerosis and cirrhosis and secondary pulmonary hypertension were less likely to receive antimetabolites. Comorbidity can influence the effectiveness and tolerability of cancer treatment and ultimately, prognosis. Multi-specialty collaborative care is essential for the management of comorbidity during cancer treatment, including prophylactic measures to manage toxicities.
Geographical differentiation of garlic based on HS-GC-IMS combined with multivariate statistical analysis
Authors: Cui Ya-Wei , Liu Ling-Xiao , Zhang Le-Yi , Liu Jun , Gao Cui-Juan , Liu Yun-Guo
Published: January 2024

In this work, HS-GC-IMS combined with multivariate modeling was used to characterize the PGI garlic source.
Controlling placental spheroid growth and phenotype using engineered synthetic hydrogel matrices
Authors: Slaby Emily M. , Plaisier Seema B. , Brady Sarah R. , Hiremath Shivani C. , Weaver Jessica D.
Published: January 2024

The human placenta is a complex organ comprised of multiple trophoblast subtypes, and inadequate models to study the human placenta in vitro limit the current understanding of human placental behavior and development.
In situ preparation of a nickel-oxy-hydroxide decorated ITQ-2 composite: a hydrodeoxygenation catalyst
Authors: Nimisha Naroth P. , Narendranath Soumya B. , Sakthivel Ayyamperumal
Published: January 2024

Nickel-oxy-hydroxide-mediated delamination of MCM-22(P) facilitates the formation of a nickel-decorated ITQ-2 composite material, which is found to be a promising catalyst for hydrodeoxygenation of m-cresol.
Breaking the Hoff/Le Bel rule by an electron-compensation strategy: the global energy minimum of NGa4S4+
Authors: Jia Xiu-dong , Du Zhi-wei
Published: January 2024

The introduction of S atoms makes ptN-NGa4S4+ more stable than  ttN-NGa4S4+. It has proved the applicability of the electron-compensation strategy in designing ptN.
Two-dimensional quadratic Weyl points, nodal loops, and spin–orbit Dirac points in PtS, PtSe, and PtTe monolayers
Authors: Li Jin-Yang , Kang Xin-Yue , Zhang Ying , Li Si , Yao Yugui
Published: January 2024

Multiple types of topological quasiparticles in the two-dimensional materials PtS, PtSe, and PtTe.
Organoboron-based multiple-resonance emitters: synthesis, structure–property correlations, and prospects
Authors: Mamada Masashi , Hayakawa Masahiro , Ochi Junki , Hatakeyama Takuji
Published: January 2024

This review highlights organoboron-based multiple-resonance compounds’ synthetic strategies classified as one-pot borylation, one-shot borylation, and late-stage functionalisation, and explores material structure–photophysical property correlations.
Co, Fe decorated N, S co-doped porous carbon enables high stability for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Huang Qiulan , Ren Ruiqin , Li Jia , Waqas Muhammad , Chen Pan , Liu Xiaotian , Huang Dujuan , Yang Zhongyun , Peng Xinglan , Chen Du-Hong , Fan Youjun , Chen Wei
Published: January 2024

We present a methodology for creating bi-active sites and co-doped M–N–C catalysts, showcasing potential applications in various energy-related fields.
Machine learning based feature engineering for thermoelectric materials by design
Authors: Vaitesswar U. S. , Bash Daniil , Huang Tan , Recatala-Gomez Jose , Deng Tianqi , Yang Shuo-Wang , Wang Xiaonan , Hippalgaonkar Kedar
Published: January 2024

We train several machine learning models on a dataset comprised by Materials Project and calculated thermoelectric power factor. We show that a random forest model outperforms more complex approaches for the dataset and allows for interpretability.
Easy access to strongly fluorescent higher homologues of BODIPY
Authors: Erlemeier Lukas , Müller Marius J. , Stuhrmann Gina , Dunaj Tobias , Werncke Gunnar , Chatterjee Sangam , von Hänisch Carsten
Published: January 2024

An easy and high yield synthesis of several higher homologues of BODIPY with the elements aluminium, gallium and indium is presented. It shows that for aluminium and gallium pronounced green fluorescence appears.
A novel blue emitting phosphor Ca1−ySryScBO4:Bi3+ with zero-thermal quenching for multi-scenario application
Authors: Yan Zekang , Li Panlai , Gong Jie , Liu Mengdi , Feng XiuXiu , Zhang Ting , Li Xiaojie , Guo Dongxu , Suo Hao , Wang Zhijun
Published: January 2024

A novel blue emitting phosphor, Ca1−ySryScBO4:Bi3+, exhibits zero-thermal quenching properties, making it a potential candidate for applications in plant lighting and biocontrol.
Comparative analysis of Zn(ii)-complexes as model metalloenzymes for mimicking Jack bean urease
Authors: Ghanta Rinku , Chowdhury Tania , Ghosh Avik , Das Avijit K. , Chattopadhyay Tanmay
Published: January 2024

Preparation of two different new zinc(ii) Schiff base complexes from two different ligand backbones and their phosphatase and ureolytic mimicking activities have been evaluated spectrophotometrically.
Precursor- and waste-free synthesis of spark-ablated nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability towards airborne organic pollutant degradation
Authors: Drdova Sarka , Gao Min , Sambalova Olga , Pauer Robin , Zhou Zhouping , Dimitriadou Sofia , Schmidt-Ott Andreas , Wang Jing
Published: January 2024

Environmentally friendly and waste-free production of photocatalytic filters involving spark ablation and calcination processes for enhanced and durable photocatalytic performance.
A photoinduced multicomponent intramolecular cyclization/hydroxytrifluoromethylation cascade: facile access to polyfunctionalized 3,4-dihydroquinazolinones
Authors: Zhang Changjun , Ding Yuxin , Huang Wenkai , Zhang Hao , Yang Xue , Shi Yuan , Luo Hongmei , Lou Dingyuan , Xie Yuanyuan
Published: January 2024

Herein, we report a modular assembly of CF3-modified 3,4-dihydroquinazolinones from basic building blocks using a one-pot light-driven multicomponent approach.
A review of laboratory, commercially available, and facility based wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometers
Authors: De Pauw E. , Tack P. , Vincze L.
Published: January 2024

Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WD-XRF) spectroscopy is a widely used instrumental spectroscopy method for a variety of samples.
Dual-network DNA–silk fibroin hydrogels with controllable surface rigidity for regulating chondrogenic differentiation
Authors: Zhou Ziyang , Song Peiran , Wu Yan , Wang Miaomiao , Shen Congyi , Ma Zhixin , Ren Xiaoxiang , Wang Xiuhui , Chen Xiao , Hu Yan , Li Zuhao , Zhang Qin , Li Mengmeng , Geng Zhen , Su Jiacan
Published: January 2024

Dual network DNA-SF hydrogels with controllable surface rigidity for regulating chondrogenic differentiation to repair cartilage defects.
Unravelling the sensing efficacy of graphene oxide towards hazardous volatile organic compounds in the polyurethane industry
Authors: Bernardshaw Levin Joseph , Dev Priya Ranjan , Solomon Rajadurai Vijay , Wilson Paul
Published: January 2024

Graphene oxide (GO) sensors comprising of a computationally modelled hexahydroxyl ring system exhibit exceptional selectivity towards detection of hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from polyurethane industries.
A highly efficient MoOx/Fe2O3 photoanode with rich vacancies for photoelectrochemical O2 evolution from water splitting
Authors: Zhu Yiyao , Zhang Lijing , Ding Rui , Fu Qiuyan , Bi Ling Ling , Zhou Xihang , Yan Wenning , Xia Wenyan , Luo Zhanxiong
Published: January 2024

Highly efficient MoOx/Fe2O3 photoanodes are constructed with rich vacancies for photoelectrochemical O2 evolution from water splitting. The photocurrent density of MoOx/Fe2O3-3 reaches 3.3 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE.
Oxalatocuprate(ii) hexaammincobalt(iii) as a precursor of metastable solid solutions in the Co–Cu system
Authors: Lagunova Varvara , Rubilkin Pavel , Filatov Evgeny , Plyusnin Pavel , Kuratieva Natalia , Korenev Sergey
Published: January 2024

The synthesis and characterization of the double complex salts [Co(NH3)6]2[Cu(C2O4)2]3·4H2O and [Co(NH3)6]2[Cu(C2O4)2]3·6H2O was carried out. Subsequent annealing led to the formation of metastable solid solutions.
Catalytic investigation of hyaluronic acid-stabilized Ag nanoparticles as non-toxic nanocatalysts in the oxidation of morin
Authors: Yilmaz M. Deniz , Ozsamur Nezahat Gokce , Erbas-Cakmak Sundus
Published: January 2024

We report hyaluronic acid-stabilized Ag nanoparticles as highly efficient and nontoxic oxidation nanocatalysts for the first time.
A novel Salen-based dual channel sensor for easy and selective nanomolar detection of l-cysteine
Authors: Mohan Nithya , Sreejith S. S. , Kurup M. R. Prathapachandra
Published: January 2024

A Salen-type Schiff base sensor, characterized by XRD, efficiently detects l-cysteine through static and dynamic fluorescence quenching, employing a FRET mechanism. It exhibits remarkable stability, with a low detection limit of 1.52 × 10−9 M.
A tuned triboelectric nanogenerator using a magnetic liquid for low-frequency vibration energy harvesting
Authors: Yang Xiaorui , Zheng Hao , Ren Haobo , An Guoqing , Zhang Yumeng , Yang Wenrong
Published: January 2024

Wireless sensor networks have developed quickly in recent years, and the use of self-powered technology to replace traditional external power sources to power sensor nodes has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved.
Comment on “Lewis acid-surfactant complex catalysed polymerisation in aqueous dispersed media: cationic or radical polymerisation?” by A. Destephen, L. Lezama and N. Ballard, Polym. Chem., 2020, 11, 5757
Authors: Vasilenko Irina V. , Ganachaud François , Kostjuk Sergei V.
Published: January 2024

Cationic polymerization catalysed by LASC occurs when radical production is inhibited and at low temperature. Large molar mass distributions obtained in this process call for a mechanism involving preferential coordination of dienic or styrenic monomers by the catalyst.
Acceleration or retardation by a magnetic field of the anodic processes of iron in molybdate-bearing chloride solutions
Authors: Dong Haiying , Li Hongjuan , Tao Yiqi , Chen Hetian , Li Xin , Wang Juan , Lu Zhanpeng , Cui Tongming , Chen Junjie , Xu Xinghe , Pan Deng
Published: January 2024

The modulation by a horizontal magnetic field of the anodic processes of iron in molybdate-bearing chloride solutions is determined.
Enhancing osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells during inflammation using UPPE/β-TCP/TTC composites via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Li Qi-lin , Wu Ya-xin , Zhang Yu-xiao , Mao Jing , Zhang Zhi-xing
Published: January 2024

We synthesized a composite of unsaturated polyphosphoester/β-tricalcium phosphate (UPPE/β-TCP) with 1% tetracycline (TTC). Our findings demonstrate that the UPPE/β-TCP + 1% TTC complex can enhance the osteogenic differentiation potential of MC3T3-E1 cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Coupling pretreatment of ultraviolet/ferrate (UV/Fe(vi)) for improving the ultrafiltration of natural surface water
Authors: Zhao Fuwang , Zhou Zhiwei
Published: January 2024

Ultrafiltration (UF) is a high-potential technology for purifying natural surface water; however, the problem of membrane fouling has limited its widespread application.
A simple ‘turn-on’ fluorescence chemosensor for Al(iii) detection in aqueous solution and solid matrix
Authors: Yang Cuiping , Zhao Jianbo
Published: January 2024

A simple fluorescence chemosensor of FHS-OH based on salicylaldehyde Schiff base was developed via a one-step reaction, which achieved a fast and highly selective response for Al(iii).
Paper-based ratiometric fluorescent sensing platform based on mixed quantum dots for the detection of glucose in urine
Authors: Song Keke , Liu Chenying , Chen Guangbin , Zhao Wenhao , Tian Shufang , Zhou Qian
Published: January 2024

Paper-based ratiometric fluorescent sensing platform for glucose detection.
Design and application of histidine-functionalized ZnCr-LDH nanozyme for promoting bacteria-infected wound healing
Authors: Dadakhani Sonya , Dehghan Gholamreza , Khataee Alireza , Erfanparast Amir
Published: January 2024

Excellent peroxidase-like activity of histidine-functionalized ZnCr-LDH and its acid-enhanced antibacterial effect for healing of infected wounds.
A theoretical investigation on the structural stability, superconductivity, and optical and thermodynamic properties of Ir2P under pressure
Authors: Sun Xiao-Wei , Chen Meng-Ru , Dou Xi-Long , Li Ning , Wang Tong , Song Ting
Published: January 2024

We predicted that both the Fm3̄m and I4/mmm phases of Ir2P exhibit superconductivity with Tc of 2.51 and 0.89 K at 0 and 200 GPa, respectively. Both phases are identified as reflective coatings with reflectivity exceeding 76% in the 25–35 eV range.
Novel phenylthiazoles with a tert-butyl moiety: promising antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens with enhanced ADME properties
Authors: Hagras Mohamed , Abuelkhir Abdelrahman A. , Abutaleb Nader S. , Helal Ahmed M. , Fawzy Iten M. , Hegazy Maghawry , Seleem Mohamed N. , Mayhoub Abdelrahman S.
Published: January 2024

The structure–activity relationship of a new tert-butylphenylthiazole series, with a pyrimidine linker, was investigated.
Directed assembly of fullerenols via electrostatic and coordination interactions to fabricate diverse and water-soluble metal cation–fullerene nanocluster complexes
Authors: He Rui , Fan Chenjie , Liang Qingyuan , Wang Yan , Gao Yanyan , Wu Jiakai , Wu Qingnan , Tai Fuju
Published: January 2024

Multivalent metal cations directed assembly of fullerenols via electrostatic and coordination actions to versatilely produce water-soluble/insoluble complexes through the precise modulation of their feed ratios. Alkali metal ions induced salting out.
Facile fabrication of Ni, Fe-doped δ-MnO2 derived from Prussian blue analogues as an efficient catalyst for stable Li–CO2 batteries
Authors: Chen Xiaoyang , Chen Jian , Qiao Yun , Gao Yun , Fan Siwei , Liu Yijie , Li Li , Liu Yang , Chou Shulei
Published: January 2024

Ni, Fe co-doped δ-MnO2 nanoflowers (Ni–Fe-δ-MnO2) as a cathode for Li–CO2 batteries are obtained using Prussian blue as the self-sacrificial template, which is beneficial for the reduction and evolution of CO2.
Rheology of bi-disperse dense fiber suspensions
Authors: Khan Monsurul , Corder Ria D. , Erk Kendra A , Ardekani Arezoo M.
Published: January 2024

In this study, we explore the rheology of bi-disperse fiber suspension through experiments and numerical simulations. Results highlight the role of the jamming fraction on the rheology of bi-disperse suspensions.
Correction: Local structure and lithium-ion diffusion pathway of cubic Li7La3Zr2O12 studied by total scattering and the Reverse Monte Carlo method
Authors: Tian Haolai , Cai Guanqun , Tan Lei , Lin He , Phillips Anthony E. , Abrahams Isaac , Keen David A. , Keeble Dean S. , Fiedler Andy , Zhang Junrong , Kong Xiang Yang , Dove Martin T.
Published: January 2024

Correction for ‘Local structure and lithium-ion diffusion pathway of cubic Li7La3Zr2O12 studied by total scattering and the Reverse Monte Carlo method’ by Haolai Tian et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2023, 11, 25516–25533, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TA04495E.
Near-infrared light-actuated on-demand botanicals release and hyperthermia by an antibiotic-free polysaccharide-based hydrogel dressing for the synergistic treatment of wound infections
Authors: Sun Shuwen , Lin Wenbo , Yang Lu , Zhang Chenhao , Kan Hong , Xu Chen , Dong Kai
Published: January 2024

In this work, we constructed an antibiotic-free polysaccharide-based hydrogel dressing (ATB) with near-infrared light-actuated on-demand botanicals release and hyperthermia for the synergistic treatment of wound infections.
Strain-driven topological quantum phase transition in (pseudo)cubic (mixed)-Cs/MA/FA halide perovskites
Authors: Phutela Ankita , Sheoran Sajjan , Gill Deepika , Bhattacharya Saswata
Published: January 2024

First-order topological phase transition in noncentrosymmetric FAPbI3.
Efficient organic self-powered photoelectrochemical photodetectors based on conjugated polymers/fullerene heterojunctions
Authors: Han Peng , Zheng Zhi , Lu Yi , Lang Caili , Gao Shiyong , Guo Fengyun , Wang Jinzhong , Zhang Yong
Published: January 2024

A new class of all-organic self-powered photoelectrochemical photodetectors (OPEC PDs) based on PDTBT-Qx/PC71BM were successfully constructed and the performance of PDTBT-Qx/PC71BM OPEC PDs was systematically evaluated.