bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fundamentals of the quality system
Authors: Afanas'ev Aleksandr , Pogonin Anatoliy
Published: November 2024

The textbook discusses the characteristics of the main sections of the 9001-2015 standard. Attention is paid to the development and implementation of a quality management system: the system, its documentation and the standard set of standards. The issues of implementing the principles of quality management, enterprise management based on a balanced scorecard, and recommendations for the implementation of an integrated quality management system are considered. Special attention is paid to the consideration of quality management systems CALS-/IPI-, CAQ-technologies and the standard for product data management and information processes of the product life process (PDM-technologies) is presented.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students studying in the field of Standardization and Metrology.
Management and Marketing
Authors: Zabrodskaya Nataliya
Published: November 2024

The textbook outlines modern theoretical and practical provisions of management and marketing, the application of which is necessary for successful, sustainable business development. Special attention is paid to marketing strategies, effective management methods, innovations, business planning, and corporate ethics. Complex theoretical concepts and economic terms are described in a literary language accessible to understanding and memorization. The main topics of management and marketing are arranged in a logical sequence. Practical examples, cases, tests, questions for knowledge control, topics of abstracts are given.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students, undergraduates of economic and engineering-economic specialties, as well as practicing specialists in the management and production sphere.
Social ecology
Authors: Ternovaya Lyudmila
Published: November 2024

The textbook presents a modern vision of the subject field of social ecology, a significant place in it is devoted to the issues of social ecology, covered with the help of social demography. The social consequences of strengthening the legal protection of the environment, the impact of environmental problems on the economy and human resources of organizations, and the problems of moving towards reasonable consumption are revealed. The main directions of the development of environmental activity of civil society institutions and innovations in the field of environmental education and enlightenment are shown.
The teaching materials contain test tasks, essay topics, and sample questions of the environmental quiz.
It is intended for students studying in the areas of training 03/39/02 and 04/39/02 "Social work", as well as for teachers and a wide range of readers interested in environmental issues and striving for reasonable consumption.
Audit for Masters: Practical audit
Authors: Savin Dmitriy
Published: November 2024

The textbook discusses the methods of checking the constituent and other general documents, accounting statements of the organization. The methods of conducting an audit on the main sections of accounting are disclosed.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students studying economics.
“Una paz que se la lleva el viento”. Efectos y alcances de la ‘paz territorial’ en Colombia (2016-2022)
Authors: Vélez-Torres Irene , Gough Katherine V. , Ruette-Orihuela Krisna
Published: November 2024

Seis años después de firmado el Acuerdo de Paz entre las FARC-EP y el gobierno colombiano, las principales transformaciones rurales terminaron desdibujadas y las cifras de violencia demostrarían que la paz no se materializa. Desde una metodología activista, desplegada en el departamento del Cauca con comunidades rurales, este artículo analiza tres fases del modelo de ‘paz territorial’: el giro local, que consistió en la implementación participativa y densamente burocrática del Acuerdo de Paz; el giro militarista, que sustituyó el desarrollo territorial integral; y el nuevo ciclo de conflicto interno armado, en cuya explicación causal enfatizamos la dimensión étnica y racial de las violencias. Concluimos que haber desviado la construcción de paz de la hoja de ruta trazada para abordar de manera integral las causas estructurales de la guerra, en cambio optando por la seguridad militar y estabilización, genera la revictimización y desesperanza de los habitantes rurales empobrecidos, quienes vuelven a quedar implicados entre conflictos nuevos y reciclados.
Measuring height and weight
Authors: Barr Lesley
Published: November 2024

The fundamentals series is a collection of articles that present key procedures and competencies, as outlined in the Nursing and Midwifery Council's Future nurse: standards of proficiency for registered nurses. In this article, Lesley Barr highlights the importance of accurately measuring height, weight and body mass index, as well as procedural considerations for individuals living with serious mental illness.
A hip and knee orthopaedic specialist triage service evaluation: comparing physiotherapists and chiropractors in an NHS pathway
Authors: Langridge Neil , Dasser Raphaela , Atwell Tracey
Published: November 2024

Background:

The burden of musculoskeletal pain and disability is a global problem; reducing waiting times and improving access to care is part of the solution. The need to widen the workforce to improve access is well documented. A possible solution could be chiropractors and allied health professionals working together in a multidisciplinary environment where workforce demands are high.

Aims:

This service evaluation sought to assess the outcomes of two groups of healthcare professionals in managing a hip and knee orthopaedic interface caseload. The two groups were physiotherapists and chiropractors.

Methods:

The two groups of healthcare professionals completed an internal competency programme based on national standards. They were evaluated based on outcomes from an interface service as part of a commissioned NHS pathway in a university setting for hip and knee complaints. A total of 810 contacts were achieved over a 7-month period in 2023.

Findings:

The two groups were comparable in the rate of imaging ordered (MRI, ultrasound and X-ray); while chiropractors ordered less Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and offered more self-management advice, the overall results were similar. NHS friends and family tests were also comparable and positive.

Conclusions:

Physiotherapists working with chiropractors produce similar outcomes within a musculoskeletal lower limb triage service.
Thumb carpometacarpal joint immobilization orthosis
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University., Ktavutvat Kedsrin , Reecheeva Nadda ,   Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Published: November 2024

Background: A new design of thumb carpometacarpal joint immobilization orthosis for positioning and improving hand function. This orthosis stabilizes the thumb in the desired position when thenar muscles are weakened, first carpometacarpal joint pain, deformities, or other thumb problems. This orthosis frees the dorsum of the hand, covers the palm, curves and conforms to the thenar web space, and holds the thumb in opposition. Objective: To study compliance and acceptance of patients with the new design thumb carpometacarpal joint immobilization orthosis that is easy to fabricate and reduces cost. Materials and methods: This pilot study was set at the Occupational Therapy Unit, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. All twelve patients, including seven of first carpometacarpal joint arthritis, two Syringomyelia, two median nerve injuries, and one cerebral palsy, were asked to fill out a questionnaire designed for hand function and activities of daily living. In contrast, the thumb carpometacarpal joint immobilization orthosis was fabricated. After the patient had worn the new design orthosis for two weeks, they were asked to complete two questionnaires. One was hand function and activities of daily living, and the other was five items of patients’ satisfaction with thumb carpometacarpal joint immobilization orthosis that was found out from the factors related to compliance with hand orthosis. Results: After two weeks, all patients who applied a thumb carpometacarpal joint immobilization orthosis could improve the quality of writing, open doors, and pick up small coins. They all accepted thumb carpometacarpal joint immobilization orthosis to take turns applying with thumb spica because free space at the dorsum of the hand permitted them to move more flexibly with excellent support at the first carpometacarpal joint, letting them tolerate long-term activities. Conclusion: The new thumb carpometacarpal joint immobilization orthosis focuses on thumb opposition and allows free movement of the wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints, especially in the case of carpometacarpal joint arthritis who do not have a weak thumb. It can be substituted for another thumb opposition orthosis because of easy fabrication and reduced cost.
Machine learning applications in healthcare clinical practice and research
Authors: Arkoudis Nikolaos-Achilleas , Papadakos Stavros P
Published: November 2024

Machine learning (ML) is a type of artificial intelligence that assists computers in the acquisition of knowledge through data analysis, thus creating machines that can complete tasks otherwise requiring human intelligence. Among its various applications, it has proven groundbreaking in healthcare as well, both in clinical practice and research. In this editorial, we succinctly introduce ML applications and present a study, featured in the latest issue of the World Journal of Clinical Cases . The authors of this study conducted an analysis using both multiple linear regression (MLR) and ML methods to investigate the significant factors that may impact the estimated glomerular filtration rate in healthy women with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Their results implicated age as the most important determining factor in both groups, followed by lactic dehydrogenase, uric acid, forced expiratory volume in one second, and albumin. In addition, for the NAFLD- group, the 5th and 6th most important impact factors were thyroid-stimulating hormone and systolic blood pressure, as compared to plasma calcium and body fat for the NAFLD+ group. However, the study's distinctive contribution lies in its adoption of ML methodologies, showcasing their superiority over traditional statistical approaches (herein MLR), thereby highlighting the potential of ML to represent an invaluable advanced adjunct tool in clinical practice and research.
Pigment Unbound: Charles Olson's Unprincipled Knowing and Plastic Glyph
Authors: Sang Cuilin
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Charles Olson defines the image as a poetic material that transforms into a poetic medium. Compared with other poets in the same lineage, Olson incorporates the knowing of the self more thoroughly into this transformation. This is especially manifest in his theory and composition of the glyph, which can be considered a special version of the image transforming the self into a graphic expression. This essay discusses his two glyphs, the E on the Stone and the black chrysanthemum, from the perspective of the Daoist wuzhi or unprincipled knowing. In the former, a perspective-full knowing achieves an innocent mapping between the mortal self and the immortal "you"/God. In the latter, a narrative knowing generates a co-writing of each other's propensities between the self as "you" and the words.
In Your Sight and in Your Mind: The Puppeteer as Cognitive Guide in Koryū Nishikawa V and Tom Lee’s Shank’s Mare
Authors: Barriga Ana Díaz
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Audiences and scholars of puppetry performances often suggest that a puppeteer who has mastered the art is one who manages to be forgotten or ignored. However, the notion of the ignored and neutral puppeteer leaves out nuances of the puppeteers’ guiding of the audience’s experience and their emotional understanding of the production. In this article, I examine a scene from Shank’s Mare , a collaboration between master puppeteers Koryū Nishikawa V (Japan) and Tom Lee (US), to explore how puppeteers capitalize on inherent limitations in the audience’s perception and memory. Much as magicians do, puppeteers enhance spectators’ experience while obscuring their own performance strategies. Using gaze-tracking to study how audiences of puppetry attend to the different stage elements, I examine the gaze of viewers alongside artists and spectators’ interviews and performance analysis. My pioneering exploration accounts for processes audience members might not be aware of but that influence their experience. Using this method, I shed light on the comprehensive embodied knowledge that puppeteers have developed through their praxis and offer new avenues to explore the multilayered ways in which audiences engage with fiction.
Two-photon absorption and negative nonlinear refraction in few-layer graphene nanosheets suspensions via liquid-phase exfoliation
Authors: González-Campuzano R. , Pérez-Hernández Briseida G. , Sainz-Vidal A. , Mendoza D. , Garduño-Mejía J.
Published: November 2024

In this paper, the nonlinear optical properties of few-layer graphene nanosheets in solution were investigated by the Z-scan technique and femtosecond laser pulses @ 800 nm, using different laser intensities in the ∼0.17−0.22GW/cm2 range. Few-layer graphene nanosheets were synthesized by the liquid-phase exfoliation method using a mixture of deionized water and Triton X-100, obtaining average sizes of ∼183nm. The nonlinear absorption obtained by an open aperture Z-scan setup showed a two-photon absorption effect compared to those reported in the literature, where the saturable absorption effect is dominant, e.g., in graphene synthesized by chemical vapor deposition and graphene oxide. In contrast, the nonlinear refraction measured by a close aperture setup revealed a negative lens-like (self-defocusing) behavior in all cases. The calculated effective nonlinear absorption coefficient ranged from 2.41×10−9 to 7.83×10−9cm/W, while the nonlinear refraction index was −6.52×10−13 to −5.01×10−13cm2/W. We found that as the laser intensities increased, the effective nonlinear absorption coefficient and the absolute value of the nonlinear refraction index also increased. In accordance with the obtained results, we propose few-layer graphene nanosheets for applications where two-photon absorption has significant advantages over conventional one-photon absorption.
Coincidence detection theory for time-correlated photon sources
Authors: Chen Zijun , Fainman Yeshaiahu
Published: November 2024

This work presents a probability theory of coincidence detection to address the detection limit of time-correlated photon sources. We use Bayes’ theorem to model instruments as a noisy communication channel and apply statistical inference to identify the minimum detectable coincidence rate. Photon triplet generation is considered as a case study to illustrate the application of coincidence detection theory for time-correlated photon sources that are based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion. A triplet generation rate of 1–100 Hz is required for source characterization performed over 1–72 hours using superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. We envision the connection between Bayes’ theorem and coincidence detection opens up a new avenue for applying signal processing techniques available in information theory to photon coincidence measurements.
Demonstration of ultra-compact and low-loss 2 × 2 silicon thermo-optic switches based on a mode-conversion nanobeam cavity
Authors: Zeng Desheng , Li Hongwei , Li Haotian , Wu Junjie , Huang Qingzhong , Zhang Xingliang
Published: November 2024

Optical switch is an essential component in integrated photonic circuits. A mode-conversion nanobeam cavity (MCNC) coupled with two waveguides has been employed to realize ultra-compact and low-loss 2 × 2 thermo-optic switches in silicon-on-insulator. This system can exhibit either Fano or Lorentzian lineshape in transmission spectra, dependent on the coupling structure. It has a low dropping loss, and two outputs are in the same direction, owing to the unidirectional coupling between the resonant mode and bus waveguides. Here, we have demonstrated a high-performance 2 × 2 Fano switch with a bandwidth of 5.2 nm and a footprint of only 35.5 × 1 µm2. The insertion loss (IL) and crosstalk (CT) are 0.7 dB and −54.1 dB in the bar state, respectively, while the IL and CT are 0.9 dB and −17.4 dB in the cross-state, respectively. In addition, 2 × 2 optical switches with a Lorentzian transmission lineshape have also been realized and then applied to construct a four-channel reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM). Through thermal tuning, the ROADM has achieved a channel spacing of 200 GHz or 400 GHz, with an inter-channel CT below −12.3 dB or −17.2 dB, respectively. To our knowledge, we have reported the first demonstrations of 2 × 2 Fano switch and ROADM based on MCNCs. The proposed 2 × 2 switches will find potential applications in advanced photonic integrated circuits.
Polarization enhanced GaN separate absorption and multiplication ultraviolet avalanche photodiodeswith an ScGaN interlayer
Authors: Wang Jin , Liang Yuning , Hou Qianyu , Zhi Ting , Parkhomenko Irina N. , Komarov Fadei F. , Xue Junjun
Published: November 2024

This article proposes a separate absorption and multiplication (SAM) GaN-based avalanche photodiode (APD) that achieves both high gain and low operating voltage by applying Sc-based ferroelectric material ScGaN in APDs. The avalanche gain of the proposed SAM APD with a low Sc composition p-ScGaN insertion layer reaches 7.2 × 104, which is 60% higher than that of a conventional p-i-p-i-n GaN-based APD. This improvement can be ascribed to the enhanced carrier transport properties induced by the polarization electric field. Meanwhile, the operating voltage is reduced from 77 V to 72 V. Furthermore, as the insertion layer has a significant impact on the internal electric field intensity and the band structure in APD devices, the doping concentration and thickness of the interlayer are optimized. The proper utilization of low Sc composition shows low lattice mismatch and high polarization, indicating the potential for further applications of ScGaN in photoelectric devices in the future.
pBn type short-wavelength infrared photodetector with an ultralow dark current and extended wavelength based on a strained InGaAs/GaAsSb superlattice
Authors: Cao Peng , Bentley Matthew , You Minghui , Wei Jiaqi , Peng Hongling , Wang Tiancai , Song Chunxu , Zhuang Qiandong , Zheng Wanhua
Published: November 2024

An InGaAs/GaAsSb type II superlattice (T2SL) absorber is a promising alternative material for a short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) photodetector due to the largely tunable bandgap by adjusting the thickness and material composition of InGaAs and GaAsSb in each T2SL period. We demonstrate a pBn type SWIR photodetector consisting of a strained InGaAs/GaAsSb T2SL absorber and AlGaAsSb barrier. The device presents an ultralow dark current density of 1.81 × 10−4 A/cm2 and a peak responsivity of 0.38 A/W under a reverse bias of −1 V at 300 K. The detector shows a peak detectivity of 1.62 × 1011 cm·Hz1/2/W and 4.63 × 1010 cm·Hz1/2/W under a reverse bias of −1 V at 260 K and 300 K, respectively. Moreover, our photodetector demonstrates an extended 100% cutoff wavelength response up to 2.2 μm.
Real-world patterns in remote longitudinal study participation: A study of the Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Registry
Authors: Daniore Paola , Yan Chuqiao , Stanikic Mina , Iaquinto Stefania , Ammann Sabin , Kamm Christian P. , Zecca Chiara , Calabrese Pasquale , Steinemann Nina , von Wyl Viktor
Published: November 2024

Remote longitudinal studies are on the rise and promise to increase reach and reduce participation barriers in chronic disease research. However, maintaining long-term retention in these studies remains challenging. Early identification of participants with different patterns of long-term retention offers the opportunity for tailored survey adaptations. Using data from the online arm of the Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Registry (SMSR), we assessed sociodemographic, health-related, and daily-life related baseline variables against measures of long-term retention in the follow-up surveys through multivariable logistic regressions and unsupervised clustering analyses. We further explored follow-up survey completion measures against survey requirements to inform future survey designs. Our analysis included data from 1,757 participants who completed a median of 4 (IQR 2–8) follow-up surveys after baseline with a maximum of 13 possible surveys. Survey start year, age, citizenship, MS type, symptom burden and independent driving were significant predictors of long-term retention at baseline. Three clusters of participants emerged, with no differences in long-term retention outcomes revealed across the clusters. Exploratory assessments of follow-up surveys suggest possible trends in increased survey complexity with lower rates of survey completion. Our findings offer insights into characteristics associated with long-term retention in remote longitudinal studies, yet they also highlight the possible influence of various unexplored factors on retention outcomes. Future studies should incorporate additional objective measures that reflect participants’ individual contexts to understand their ability to remain engaged long-term and inform survey adaptations accordingly.
The effects of seasonal human mobility and Aedes aegypti habitat suitability on Zika virus epidemic severity in Colombia
Authors: Lieberthal Brandon , Allan Brian , De Urioste-Stone Sandra , Mackay Andrew , Soliman Aiman , Wang Shaowen , Gardner Allison M.
Published: November 2024

The Zika virus epidemic of 2015–16, which caused over 1 million confirmed or suspected human cases in the Caribbean and Latin America, was driven by a combination of movement of infected humans and availability of suitable habitat for mosquito species that are key disease vectors. Both human mobility and mosquito vector abundances vary seasonally, and the goal of our research was to analyze the interacting effects of disease vector densities and human movement across metapopulations on disease transmission intensity and the probability of super-spreader events. Our research uses the novel approach of combining geographical modeling of mosquito presence with network modeling of human mobility to offer a comprehensive simulation environment for Zika virus epidemics that considers a substantial number of spatial and temporal factors compared to the literature. Specifically, we tested the hypotheses that 1) regions with the highest probability of mosquito presence will have more super-spreader events during dry months, when mosquitoes are predicted to be more abundant, 2) regions reliant on tourism industries will have more super-spreader events during wet months, when they are more likely to contribute to network-level pathogen spread due to increased travel. We used the case study of Colombia, a country with a population of about 50 million people, with an annual calendar that can be partitioned into overlapping cycles of wet and dry seasons and peak tourism and off tourism seasons that drive distinct cyclical patterns of mosquito abundance and human movement. Our results show that whether the first infected human was introduced to the network during the wet versus dry season and during the tourism versus off tourism season profoundly affects the severity and trajectory of the epidemic. For example, Zika virus was first detected in Colombia in October of 2015. Had it originated in January, a dry season month with high rates of tourism, it likely could have infected up to 60% more individuals and up to 40% more super-spreader events may have occurred. In addition, popular tourism destinations such as Barranquilla and Cartagena have the highest risk of super-spreader events during the winter, whereas densely populated areas such as Medellín and Bogotá are at higher risk of sustained transmission during dry months in the summer. Our research demonstrates that public health planning and response to vector-borne disease outbreaks requires a thorough understanding of how vector and host patterns vary due to seasonality in environmental conditions and human mobility dynamics. This research also has strong implications for tourism policy and the potential response strategies in case of an emergent epidemic.
Identification of small molecule agonists of fetal hemoglobin expression for the treatment of sickle cell disease
Authors: Yang Jian-Ping , Toughiri Rachel , Gounder Anshu P. , Scheibe Dan , Petrus Matt , Fink Sarah J. , Vallee Sebastien , Kenniston Jon , Papaioannou Nikolaos , Langston Steve , Gavva Narender R. , Horman Shane R.
Published: November 2024

Induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) has been shown to be a viable therapeutic approach to treating sickle cell disease and potentially other β-hemoglobinopathies. To identify targets and target-modulating small molecules that enhance HbF expression, we engineered a human umbilical-derived erythroid progenitor reporter cell line (HUDEP2_HBG1_HiBiT) by genetically tagging a HiBiT peptide to the carboxyl (C)-terminus of the endogenous HBG1 gene locus, which codes for γ-globin protein, a component of HbF. Employing this reporter cell line, we performed a chemogenomic screen of approximately 5000 compounds annotated with known targets or mechanisms that have achieved clinical stage or approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Among them, 10 compounds were confirmed for their ability to induce HbF in the HUDEP2 cell line. These include several known HbF inducers, such as pomalidomide, lenalidomide, decitabine, idoxuridine, and azacytidine, which validate the translational nature of this screening platform. We identified avadomide, autophinib, triciribine, and R574 as novel HbF inducers from these screens. We orthogonally confirmed HbF induction activities of the top hits in both parental HUDEP2 cells as well as in human primary CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Further, we demonstrated that pomalidomide and avadomide, but not idoxuridine, induced HbF expression through downregulation of several transcriptional repressors such as BCL11A, ZBTB7A, and IKZF1. These studies demonstrate a robust phenotypic screening workflow that can be applied to large-scale small molecule profiling campaigns for the discovery of targets and pathways, as well as novel therapeutics for sickle cell disease and other β-hemoglobinopathies.
Correlation between proprioception, functionality, patient-reported knee condition and joint acoustic emissions
Authors: Khokhlova Liudmila , Komaris Dimitrios Sokratis , O’Flynn Brendan , Tedesco Salvatore
Published: November 2024

Non-invasive assessment of joint status using acoustic emissions (AE) is a growing research area that has the potential to translate into clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation of the knee’s AE with measures of proprioception, self-assessment, and performance, as it can be hypothesised that, AE parameters will correlate with joint function metrics due to AE being recorded during interaction of the articular surfaces. Threshold to detect passive motion (TTDPM), Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOS) and 5 times sit-to-stand test (5STS) were collected from 51 participant. Knee AE were recorded during cycling with 30 and 60 rpm cadences using two sensors in different frequency ranges and three modes of AE event detection. Weak (0.297, p = 0.048) to moderate (0.475, p = 0.001) Spearman’s correlations were observed between longer 5STS time and AE parameters (i.e. higher median absolute energy, signal strength, longer AE event rise time and duration). Similarly, AE parameters shown correlation with lower KOOS, especially in the “Function in Sports and Recreation” and “Activities of Daily Living” subscales with correlation coefficients for higher median amplitude up to 0.441, p = 0.001 and 0.403, p = 0.004, respectively. The correlation with the TTDPM was not detected for most of the AE parameters. Additionally, a lower frequency sensor and 60 rpm cadence AE recordings showed higher correlations. Considering that this study included subjects from the general population and the number of participants with KOOS <70 was relatively small, higher correlations might be expected for clinically confirmed OA cases. Additionally, different ICCs might be expected for alternative signal parameters and proprioception assessment methods. Overall, the study confirms that AE monitoring offers an additional modality of joint assessment that reflects interaction between cartilage surfaces and can complement orthopaedic diagnostics, especially in the context of remote monitoring, drug testing, and rehabilitation.
Upper Palaeolithic fishing techniques: Insights from the engraved plaquettes of the Magdalenian site of Gönnersdorf, Germany
Authors: Robitaille Jérôme , Meyering Lisa-Elen , Gaudzinski-Windheuser Sabine , Pettitt Paul , Jöris Olaf , Kentridge Robert
Published: November 2024

The ~15,800 year-old Magdalenian site of Gönnersdorf, in Germany, has produced 406 engraved schist plaquettes which have been extensively studied in the past. The introduction of advanced imaging technologies, notably Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI), has now precipitated a re-evaluation of these artifacts, uncovering nuanced depictions of fishing practices previously unrecorded for the Upper Palaeolithic. Our investigation harnesses RTI to elucidate fine engraving details on the plaquettes, revealing depictions of fish and accompanying grid motifs. The analytical process enabled by RTI has exposed an intricate link between the grid patterns and fish figures, showing that they were a deliberate combination portraying the use of fishing nets. This discovery posits a significant departure from earlier interpretations of the site’s iconography, which predominantly emphasized more naturalistic representations of fauna. Furthermore, these findings illuminate aspects of Magdalenian cultural praxis, suggesting that representations of aquatic life and fishing technologies were not merely utilitarian in nature but were embedded within a broader symbolic framework. This study enhances our comprehension of Magdalenian peoples’ interaction with the aqueous milieu, revealing a sophisticated symbiosis between ecological adaptation and artistic expression.
Effects of bear endozoochory on germination and dispersal of huckleberry in the Canadian Rocky Mountains
Authors: Kuijt Aza Fynley , Burton Cole , Lamb Clayton T.
Published: November 2024

Berries are a staple of bear diets during late summer and fall in the southern Rocky Mountains, enabling bears to build up fat reserves and prepare to enter torpor during winter. In turn, bears can benefit fruiting shrubs through dispersal of their seeds. Bears are highly mobile species and seed passage through their guts (endozoochory) can influence seed germination in three ways: deinhibition (removal of germination inhibiting compounds), scarification (mechanical or chemical alteration) and fertilization (enhancement of germination from increased nutrients). We conducted a germination experiment to assess the ways each mechanism of bear endozoochory affects germination success of huckleberry (Vaccinium membranaceum.) in the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains. The potential for bears to act as long-distance seed dispersers was also investigated, using a combination of available literature on bear gut retention times and movement data of 74 GPS radio-collared grizzly bears. Deinhibition had a positive significant impact (28.5% germination for the Seeds from Berry treatment compared to 0.2% for Whole Berry at 60 days), while scarification and fertilization did not have detectable positive effects on huckleberry germination success. These results suggest that the removing germination-inhibiting compounds in berry pulp is the primary mechanism through which endozoochory can increase germination in huckleberry seed. We estimated that 50% of the seeds defecated by bears in the region are dispersed 1.1 km away from feeding places (and up to 7 km). The surfaces covered by the seed shadow was up to 149.6 km2, demonstrating that bears can act as effective vectors of seeds over long distances. Endozoochory bolsters the germination success of seeds from fruiting shrubs, and enables seeds to spread to new locations using bears as dispersal agents. Development, resource extraction, and climate change may disrupt the beneficial relationship between bears and huckleberries, where huckleberries help bears gain fat, and bears help spread huckleberry seeds—a process that may become increasingly important as climate change alters habitats.
“What does this mean for our future?” uncertainty management in mothers’ narratives about the diagnosis and birth of their child with Down syndrome
Authors: Scruggs Xavier , Dier Shannon , Schlaupitz Caleb A. , Karayianis Katherine A. , Lukowski Angela F. , Bohanek Jennifer G.
Published: November 2024

Pregnancy and childbirth are uncertain experiences that become even more so when parents receive an unexpected medical diagnosis for their child. In the present study, we document sources of uncertainty and the tools used to manage uncertainty in 44 mothers’ narratives about the birth and diagnosis of their child with Down syndrome (DS); we also explore variability in the sources of uncertainty and uncertainty management tools as a function of whether mothers received a prenatal or postnatal diagnosis of DS for their child. Across our sample, thematic analysis revealed four sources of uncertainty in mothers’ narratives: navigating dissonance between parents and providers during diagnosis, managing disclosure of the diagnosis to others, anticipating child-centered challenges and adjusting developmental expectations, and anticipating family-centered challenges and adjusting familial expectations. Analyses also revealed four ways that uncertainty was managed: finding balance between parents and providers during diagnosis, reducing knowledge gaps by seeking information, pursuing support and building positive interpersonal relationships, and pursuing support and building positive relationships in DS communities. These findings, along with potential nuance based on whether mothers received a prenatal or postnatal diagnosis of DS for their child, have important implications for healthcare providers and medical professionals regarding how to best communicate DS diagnoses to families as a means of understanding and ultimately reducing the uncertainty they experience.
Black Witness: The Power of Indigenous Media, Amy Mcquire (2024)
Authors: Ricketson Matthew
Published: November 2024

Review of: Black Witness: The Power of Indigenous Media, Amy Mcquire (2024)

Brisbane: University of Queensland Press, 336 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-70226-332-3, p/bk, AUD 34.99
Multicultural Journalism: Critical Reflexivity in News Practice, Margaret E. Thompson (2024)
Authors: Romano Angela
Published: November 2024

Review of: Multicultural Journalism: Critical Reflexivity in News Practice, Margaret E. Thompson (2024)

New York: Routledge, 248 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-13806-642-7, p/bk, USD 75.99

ISBN 978-1-13806-640-3, h/bk, USD 284.00

ISBN 978-1-31515-917-1, e-book, USD 68.99
Feminist and dissident counter-monumental interventions: Urban memory struggles between Santiago de Chile and Mexico City
Authors: Badilla Manuela , Thygesen Alexander Ulrich
Published: November 2024

This article presents the results of a study of two recent Latin American cases of counter-monumental interventions initiated by feminist and dissident actors: the intervention Amor y Furia in Santiago de Chile and the creation of La Glorieta de las Mujeres que Luchan in Mexico City. The analysis of the two cases is empirically based on a combination of social media publications and interviews with central actors conducted during fieldwork in both cities. The analysis demonstrates how the interventions made visible and enriched the conflicts of memory that stem from the traditional monumentalization of national histories, whilst fortifying feminist and dissident movements through an exposure of the continuity of their demands. Based on this combined analysis of the interventions’ aesthetic representations of patriarchal violence on a variety of temporal levels and their role in the reappropriation of public space, we argue that both interventions are in their own way expressions of what we have chosen to call ch’ixi memory activism; an affective, cathartic and aesthetically cacophonous practice through which long-lasting injustices are exposed in the public space.
Activismos tecnopolíticos constelaciones de performance, M. Fuentes (2021)
Authors: Pinto Soledad
Published: November 2024

Review of: Activismos tecnopolíticos constelaciones de performance, M. Fuentes (2021)

Buenos Aires: Eterna Cadencia Editora, 272 pp.,

ISBN 978-9-87712-214-5, p/bk, €17.00
Rapa NuiTheatre: Staging Indigenous Identities in Easter Island, Moira S. Fortin Cornejo (2023)
Authors: Ligiéro Zeca
Published: November 2024

Review of: Rapa NuiTheatre: Staging Indigenous Identities in Easter Island, Moira S. Fortin Cornejo (2023)

New York: Routledge, 204 pp.,

ISBN 1032277394, h/bk, $144, p/bk, $54.99
Exploring datafied practices, imaginaries and digital state assemblages in South and South East Asia
Authors: Lim Joanne B. Y. , Raghunath Preeti , Bächtold Stefan
Published: November 2024

This Special Issue aims to problematize past and current socio-technical imaginaries and datafication practices of the rapidly digitizing nation states in South and South East Asia, and gathers critical analyses of where the digital, government and power intersect. The papers in this issue emerge from a workshop on Governing Technologies: Exploring Datafied Practices, Imaginaries, and Digital State Assemblages in Asia convened in October 2022 by Monash University and University of Nottingham Malaysia, where the guest editors worked. The papers engaged with a number of questions that animate our current understandings of how technologies govern and are governed: Who are the (human and non-human) actors propelling these initiatives and new arrangements? What do their discourses around these imaginaries reveal about their ambitions, interests and conflicts? What role do communities and the people play in shaping, adapting and resisting digital plans and practices, and who decides? Providing an introduction to this Special Issue, this editorial presents a conversation amongst the three guest editors of the issue, where they reflect on some aspects of governing technologies as they play out in South and South East Asia, setting the stage for further engagement from the authors in this issue.
#MeTooIndia: Automating hate on social networks in India
Authors: Al Dahdah Marine , Arfaoui Mehdi , Chartier Marie
Published: November 2024

#MeToo has been studied as an international social movement that offered a model for women’s rights activism. Using a mixed method approach, this article examines #MeTooIndia between 2018 and 2021, through the analysis of 354,496 tweets combined with a media framing analysis of news coverage and qualitative interviews. It discusses the chronology of the movement and assesses the more precise mechanisms by which the participatory and transformative potentials of #MeToo were realized – or not – in the particular case of India. It shows that instead of strengthening victim’s and feminists’ voices, the violence and abuse many women experience on the platform can lead to self-censorship and even driving them off X completely; leaving mainly the floor to ‘meninists’ who think they are victimized by feminism and who use #MeTooIndia to defend their struggle. This specific case study questions the (non)inclusivity of women in the Twittersphere in India and beyond.
Explorando o Impacto da Aprendizagem Baseada em Jogos na Literacia de Notícias e na Cidadania Digital das Pessoas Jovens
Authors: Sousa Carla , Oliveira Ana Filipa , Casimiro Cátia , Léste João , Yaman Havva
Published: November 2024

Num mundo inundado de informação, a necessidade de promover a literacia crítica, a cidadania digital plena e o envolvimento com as notícias está a tornar-se uma prioridade. Neste contexto, e considerando os resultados positivos já documentados em outras áreas, esta Revisão Sistemática da Literatura visou explorar o potencial impacto da Aprendizagem Baseada em Jogos (ABJ) na compreensão e no envolvimento dos jovens com o consumo noticioso e a cidadania digital, particularmente no contexto da diversidade societal e cultural. Através da seleção e análise sistemáticas de uma amostra de 33 estudos, foi possível sustentar o papel significativo da ABJ no reforço da literacia de notícias e das competências de cidadania digital, para enfrentar os desafios decorrentes da desinformação e garantir a tomada de decisão informada. Jogos que incluem simulação, role-playing e mecânicas baseadas em perguntas são os mais utilizados para cumprir tais objetivos educativos , nomeadamente considerando os diferentes níveis de competências de pensamento que são capazes de fomentar. Além disso, os resultados destacam a diversidade e a inclusão como preocupações críticas, enfatizando a necessidade de acesso equitativo e representação nas intervenções de ABJ.
A Literacia Mediática na Prática do Consumo Noticioso de Jovens: Um Estudo Exploratório com Estudantes de Jornalismo e Comunicação da Universidade de Coimbra
Authors: Lopes Quintino Cleisyane , Basílio de Simões Rita
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa exploratória que procurou compreender como os e as estudantes de Jornalismo e Comunicação da Universidade de Coimbra utilizam competências de literacia mediática no consumo de notícias. Teoricamente, parte da conceptualização de Livingstone (2004) e Hobbs (2010); empiricamente, baseia-se em seis entrevistas semiestruturadas com jovens de 19 e 20 anos, que foram submetidas a uma análise temática (Braun & Clarke 2019; Souza, 2019). Os resultados indicam que, embora possuam competências de literacia mediática, enfrentam desafios para as aplicar no quotidiano. Os e as participantes adotam práticas como visitas diárias a sites de órgãos de comunicação, acompanhamento de canais profissionais nas redes sociais, treinamento de algoritmos das plataformas e comparação cruzada das informações. Já a criação de conteúdo encontra-se mais comprometida, não por falta de conhecimento, mas por receio de reações negativas no ambiente online.
Universo de procesos
Authors: Tomé Juan
Published: November 2024

Este trabajo defiende que una concepción de la realidad física como universo de procesos ofrece un marco adecuado para construir interpretaciones clarificadoras de fenómenos relativistas como la «dilatación temporal» y la «contracción de longitudes». Pretende además mostrar que la realidad física así concebida es, sin contradicciones, intrínsecamente cambiante y cuadridimensional. Por último, señala algunos rasgos de esa concepción que podrían tener interés en debates filosóficos que trascienden el marco al que este trabajo se restringe: el de lo relacionado con los fenómenos cinemáticos relativistas.
La infraestructura ferroviaria y los borrados de la memoria en la ciudad de México
Authors: De Los Reyes Patiño Reynaldo
Published: November 2024

El ferrocarril ha sido uno de los grandes protagonistas de las sociedades modernas. Su imagen evoca el desplazamiento, la velocidad, la integración de espacios distantes. Pero al mismo tiempo, el ferrocarril —en cuanto tecnología— necesita de una infraestructura que se arraiga al suelo, se sedimenta, y si no se le comprende adecuadamente, se le pueden atribuir efectos muy disímiles como integrar espacios o bien provocar segregaciones. Este ha sido el caso de la Ciudad de México, donde políticos y planeadores urbanos propiciaron borrar la memoria del ferrocarril para la ciudad y sus habitantes. Afortunadamente, ese borrado no ha sido total. Aún quedan huellas de ese pasado, y el profesor Guillermo Guajardo, un experto en la materia, nos ayudará a encontrar estas historias buscando sus rastros en la ciudad.
Mediatizaciones en ciencia y cerveza. Análisis de audiovisuales y contextos de la industria cervecera y la academia
Authors: Kaderian Santiago M. , Masseilot Barbara
Published: November 2024

Este trabajo analiza mediatizaciones relacionadas con una experiencia de vinculación entre una corporación cervecera, instituciones de investigación pública de la Patagonia Argentina y productores locales de cerveza artesanal para el uso de levaduras “salvajes” entre 2016 y 2018. El objetivo del artículo consiste en comprender la producción de sentido en torno a estos productos con base científico-tecnológica y su promoción. Para ello propone un análisis de contenido de mediatizaciones desde una perspectiva cualitativa que focaliza en sus aspectos sociomateriales, discursivos, y en los contextos en los que se originaron y circularon. Esto permite interpretar las narrativas y elementos materiales identificados en dichas mediatizaciones dentro de un contexto particular, tanto en el sector cervecero como en las instituciones de investigación académica argentinas. Para el análisis se seleccionaron dos audiovisuales y se incluyeron otras fuentes primarias y secundarias. Como resultado, se evidencia la integración de elementos y lógicas de la producción científica, de la elaboración artesanal y de elementos de origen en las estrategias de promoción comercial de la empresa, y se destacan narrativas alfabetizadoras de la ciencia y un marcado énfasis en la relevancia de la transferencia y lo regional en la comunicación y promoción científico-tecnológica en las instituciones públicas.
Los supuestos teóricos acerca de la función de I+D en la Evaluación Institucional CONEAU. El caso de la Universidad Nacional de La Matanza
Authors: Piñeiro Juan Pablo , Levy Melina , Amarilla Yanina
Published: November 2024

No son pocos los especialistas que se han concentrado en el estudio de las implicancias que la evaluación tiene para la gestión del campo Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad (CTS). Para algunos los procesos de evaluación institucional representan espacios que propenden a la mejora continua. Para otros, la evaluación esconde siempre sesgos y subjetividades que orientan la toma de decisión. Este trabajo se propone analizar los supuestos teóricos que subyacen a la Evaluación Institucional de la Comisión Nacional de Evaluación y Acreditación Universitaria (CONEAU) respecto a la función de I+D. Así, se busca inferir una definición de ciencia reflejada en esos complejos procesos. Para ello, seleccionamos un caso de estudio, la Universidad Nacional de La Matanza (UNLaM), que, a lo largo de su historia, ha recibido la visita de la Comisión en tres oportunidades: 2010, 2015 y 2022. Aquí se analizan los informes correspondientes a las visitas de los años 2010 y 2015, que corresponden a los informes publicados durante los años 2012 y 2017. La metodología aplicada es cualitativa, ya que, esta investigación se nutre del análisis documental de los informes de evaluación publicados en la página web oficial de la CONEAU.