bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association of grandparental co-residence and dietary knowledge with excess body weight among children aged 7–15 years in China
Authors: Zhu Yaxin , Wang Wei , Le Ying , Yang Wei
Published: February 2022

Objectives

To investigate the impact of grandparent’s co-residence and dietary knowledge on the overweight and obesity risk among school-age children in China.

Methods

Data of 790 children aged 7–15 years were retrieved from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Co-residential status was evaluated using household and individual ID. Dietary knowledge was assessed using 17 dietary statements, which was scored by participants. Three principal factors were extracted by factor analysis. Logistic regression analysis was applied to examine the influence of grandparent’s co-residence and dietary knowledge on the weight status of the child.

Results

The overweight and obesity incidence of the children increased significantly when they co-reside with two grandparents (OR=1.447, 95CI: 1.001–2.090, p=0.049). Mother’s dietary knowledge regarding to protein-related food choices (PT) scored higher was associated with the increased risk (OR=1.270, 95CI: 1.059–1.523, p=0.010). For grandmother’s dietary knowledge, the higher score in balanced food consumption (BF) was associated with the decreased overweight and obesity risk (OR=0.456, 95CI: 0.294–0.706, p<0.001). Grandfather’s dietary knowledge in BF showed the similar result (OR=0.454, 95CI: 0.271–0.759, p=0.003).

Conclusions

Living with two grandparents is associated with higher overweight and obesity risk, but grandparents with an adequate knowledge in the balanced food consumption may decrease the risk.
Crystal structure of 1,1′-(methylene)bis(pyridin-1-ium) bis(1,2-dicyanoethene-1,2-dithiolato-κ2
S:S)nickel(II), C42H30N14Ni2S8
Authors: Liu Xue-Guo , Chen Wan-Yao , Pan Hui-Yan
Published: February 2022

C42H30N14Ni2S8, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 9.5083(17) Å, b = 10.744(2) Å, c = 12.188(2) Å, α = 80.109(4)°, β = 84.876(4)°, γ = 88.758(3)°, V = 1221.7(4) Å3, Z = 1, R

gt
(F) = 0.0268, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0701, T = 296.15 K.
Role of distinct buffers for maintaining urban-fringes and controlling urbanization: A case study through ANOVA and SPSS
Authors: Shaikh Fahad Ahmed , Malik Kamran , Talpur Mir Aftab Hussain , Abro Kashif Ali
Published: February 2022

Urbanization is giving rise to the number of challenges due to its matchless soaring proportion in scenario of management and public welfare. Difference types of buffers are utilized globally depending upon the area of action and purpose to protect development sites from external harms and to avoid factors resulting inequalities from outer boundaries, for instance population growth and development. Effects of urbanization on urban fringes and the land use changes have been conducted for their inter-relation purposiveness to maintain fringes approaching buffer. In this context, this paper studies the different types of buffers to identify their necessity and implications for exploring the appropriate buffer as a conservation approach. In order to deal with the urban boundaries of Hyderabad (delineation of urban fringes), the conversion of agriculture land into residential area due to urbanization have been analyzed. Sample questionnaire survey and analysis were conducted using ANOVA with the help of SPSS 20.0, Arc GIS 10.1 based maps. Resultantly, our findings open new dimension in understanding the buffers implementations on the basis of ANOVA testing observation. To conclude this analysis, it is observed that riparian tree buffer is strongly suggested in comparison with other employed types of buffers for designing land use plans.
Association between food additives and prevalence of allergic reactions in children: a systematic review
Authors: Sadighara Parisa , Safta Mehdi , Limam Intissar , Ghanati Kiandokht , Nazari Zahra , Karami Marzieh , Abedini Amirhossein
Published: February 2022

Food additives contain synthetic and natural chemical compounds and are one of the causes of food allergies. In this regard, it is necessary to recognize the food additives that are of special interest for children. In this survey, the relation between food additives and allergic reactions and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders in children was studied. The research studies with keywords “allergic reactions”, “hypersensitivity”, “food additives” and “children” were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and SID databases, from 1984 to 2020. Three hundred twenty-seven studies were obtained and only seven articles were finally selected according to exclusion and inclusion criteria. In the final review, seven articles were selected to investigate the relationship between food additives and hypersensitivity reactions. Some clinical factors such as urticaria, eczema, rhinitis and gastrointestinal symptoms and the prevalence of laboratory evidence in atopic children are due to increased exposure to food additives including artificial colors and sweeteners, preservatives, and monosodium glutamate. Clinical signs and laboratory evidence prove a significant association between some food additives and allergenic adverse reactions. It was also found that food additives such as artificial colors and sweeteners, preservatives, and monosodium glutamate are responsible for most cases of hypersensitivity in children, and the prevalence of hypersensitivity to food additives was estimated to be about 1.2% based on data extracted from studies.
The Anthropocene: genesis of a term and popularization in the press
Authors: Zottola Angela , de Majo Claudio
Published: February 2022

The term Anthropocene first appeared in 2000 when scientists Paul Crutzen and Eugene Stoermer attempted to define the environmental effects of anthropic activities. Since then, it has become a widespread, but also controversial, term in the academic community. As environmental discourses increasingly permeate our lives, it has trespassed the borders of scholarly traditions, becoming acknowledged in popular culture. Bearing in mind the pivotal role the press has in the popularization, dissemination and consequent understanding of given topics, the aim of this paper is twofold. Firstly, it assesses the popularity of the term Anthropocene in online and printed newspapers around the world. Secondly, it examines the degree of scientificity of the articles included in our analysis to understand the type of discourses journalists are relying on in discussing the Anthropocene. Exploring these questions, through a corpus-based discourse analysis, enabled us to assess the weight of the term ‘Anthropocene’ in contemporary popular debates and its future horizons. The findings highlight a lack of a consistent discussion of the Anthropocene stemming not only from a poor scientific understanding of its ecological drives, but also from the lack of political awareness and a general unpreparedness to face the socio-environmental implications of the Age of Humankind.
Binding interaction of benzamide derivatives as inhibitors of DNA gyrase and Sec14p using Molegro Virtual Docker based on binding free energy
Authors: Ihsan Anaum , Khera Rasheed Ahmad , Iqbal Javed , Asgher Muhammad
Published: February 2022

The docking simulation of benzamide derivatives as ligands and protein targets (DNA–gyrase) was performed and Sec14p binding mode interaction was predicted based on binding free energy analysis. Software Molegro Virtual Docking (MVD) was used to visualize the ligand–protein binding interactions. The results indicated the prevalence of steric or hydrophobic interactions among all the benzamide ligands besides hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions. The compounds B2, B4 against DNA gyrase, and compounds B3, B5 against Sec14p showed an uncompetitive pattern of inhibition as compared with the reference molecule. While compounds B1, B5 exhibited the best MolDock scores, i.e., −109.736 and −114.391 kcal/mol respectively for DNA gyrase, also compounds B1 and B2 against Sec14p displayed −100.105 and −119.451 kcal/mol sequentially. It was evident from the comparison of MolDock score for both the bacterial and fungal protein receptors that all the ligands were found to be more potent against DNA gyrase than Sec14p. However, only compound B2 with MolDock score −119.451 kcal/mol showed exceptional activity against Sec14p and was predicted to have potency as a lead compound to find a new anti-fungal therapeutic agent. Docking studies further highlighted the unique interactions such as tail-end hydrophobic rings of benzamide inhibitors with catalytically important amino acid residues, allowing flexibility in binding to both the receptors different from other inhibitors. These findings showed us that B1, B2 against Staphylococcus aureus and B5 against Saccharomyces cerevisiae could be leading compounds to discover new multidrug-resistant strains.
Vulnerability of the Russian financial and monetary system at the new stage of standoff with the West
Authors:   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Gusev Kirill
Published: February 2022

In January 2022, Russia – US security talks were held. After Russian Foreign Ministry declared them a failure, Russian stock exchange indexes and ruble tumbled. The author analyses the reasons for such a spin of events and points to the factors of vulnerability of the Russian economy.
ADAM17 Regulates p75NTR-Mediated Fibrinolysis and Nerve Remyelination
Authors: Pellegatta Marta , Canevazzi Paolo , Forese Maria Grazia , Podini Paola , Valenzano Serena , Del Carro Ubaldo , Quattrini Angelo , Taveggia Carla
Published: February 2022

We previously reported that a-disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)17 is a key protease regulating myelin formation. We now describe a role for ADAM17 during the Wallerian degeneration (WD) process. Unexpectedly, we observed that glial ADAM17, by regulating p75NTRprocessing, cell autonomously promotes remyelination, while neuronal ADAM17 is dispensable. Accordingly, p75NTRabnormally accumulates specifically when ADAM17 is maximally expressed leading to a downregulation of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) expression, excessive fibrin accumulation over time, and delayed remyelination. Mutant mice also present impaired macrophage recruitment and defective nerve conduction velocity (NCV). Thus, ADAM17 expressed in Schwann cells, controls the whole WD process, and its absence hampers effective nerve repair. Collectively, we describe a previously uncharacterized role for glial ADAM17 during nerve regeneration. Based on the results of our study, we posit that, unlike development, glial ADAM17 promotes remyelination through the regulation of p75NTR-mediated fibrinolysis.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe α-secretase a-disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)17, although relevant for developmental PNS myelination, has never been investigated in Wallerian degeneration (WD). We now unravel a new mechanism of action for this protease and show that ADAM17 cleaves p75NTR, regulates fibrin clearance, and eventually fine-tunes remyelination. The results presented in this study provide important insights into the complex regulation of remyelination following nerve injury, identifying in ADAM17 and p75NTRa new signaling axis implicated in these events. Modulation of this pathway could have important implications in promoting nerve remyelination, an often-inefficient process, with the aim of restoring a functional axo-glial unit.
Directional Tuning of Phase Precession Properties in the Hippocampus
Authors: Yiu Yuk-Hoi , Leutgeb Jill K. , Leibold Christian
Published: February 2022

Running direction in the hippocampus is encoded by rate modulations of place field activity but also by spike timing correlations known as theta sequences. Whether directional rate codes and the directionality of place field correlations are related, however, has so far not been explored, and therefore the nature of how directional information is encoded in the cornu ammonis remains unresolved. Here, using a previously published dataset that contains the spike activity of rat hippocampal place cells in the CA1, CA2, and CA3 subregions during free foraging of male Long-Evans rats in a 2D environment, we found that rate and spike timing codes are related. Opposite to a preferred firing rate direction of a place field, spikes are more likely to undergo theta phase precession and, hence, more strongly affect paired correlations. Furthermore, we identified a subset of field pairs whose theta correlations are intrinsic in that they maintain the same firing order when the running direction is reversed. Both effects are associated with differences in theta phase distributions and are more prominent in CA3 than in CA1. We thus hypothesize that intrinsic spiking is most prominent when the directionally modulated sensory-motor drive of hippocampal firing rates is minimal, suggesting that extrinsic and intrinsic sequences contribute to phase precession as two distinct mechanisms.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHippocampal theta sequences, on the one hand, are thought to reflect the running trajectory of an animal, connecting past and future locations. On the other hand, sequences have been proposed to reflect the rich, recursive hippocampal connectivity, related to memories of previous trajectories or even to experience-independent prestructure. Such intrinsic sequences are inherently one dimensional and cannot be easily reconciled with running trajectories in two dimensions as place fields can be approached on multiple one-dimensional paths. In this article, we dissect phase precession along different directions in all hippocampal subareas and find that CA3 in particular shows a high level of direction-independent correlations that are inconsistent with the notion of representing running trajectories. These intrinsic correlations are associated with later spike phases.
How Much New Forest Land Would it Take to Offset a Coal Plant’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions? An Engineering Case Study of Georgia’s Plant Scherer
Authors: Reinhart Katrina , Grubert Emily
Published: February 2022

Climate change is largely caused by continued use of fossil fuels to provide energy services. Increasingly, given the goal of mitigating climate change, organizations like power utilities are announcing “net-zero” greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions goals that do not necessarily require fossil fuel–fired facilities to mitigate their emissions or close. If paired with carbon dioxide removal (CDR), ongoing emissions could theoretically coexist with net-zero goals. CDR, however, is resource intensive, regardless of removal pathway. One common question is whether tree planting could be a low-impact pathway to compensate for ongoing or legacy GHG emissions, since trees take up atmospheric CO2 and store the carbon as wood. Although planting trees might sound like a benign climate strategy, the need for additionality and permanence means that forestry-based CDR has immense land requirements at climate-relevant scales. To contextualize this land intensity, this case study evaluates how much land would be required to counterbalance a utility’s emissions from a large coal-fired power plant in Georgia with forest-based CDR. Compensating for 1 year of plant emissions would require permanent industrial forestation of all land in the plant’s host county that is not already forested or developed (with buildings, roads, etc.), with a 30-year lead time—highlighting a key challenge of relying on tree planting to meet climate goals. Readers engaging this case will be able to discuss land use requirements of relying on compensatory forestry-based CDR for net-zero emissions goals, in addition to being prepared to replicate this analysis for other power plants or emitters.
The New Pact on Migration and Asylum as a Response to Current Migration Challenges– Selected Issues
Authors: Doliwa-Klepacka Anna
Published: February 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly affected the movement of people within the European Union, both in terms of nationals of the Member States and others. On many occasions, as an instrument to combat or contain the spread of the virus, EU Member States have made use of the possibility of temporarily reintroducing border controls in the Schengen area, or even temporarily closing their national borders. Despite the Covid-19 pandemic, the migratory pressure on the countries of the European Union has not ceased, although the scale of this phenomenon has decreased in many areas. A separate problem is also the influx of illegal migrants to the territory of European Union Member States and the effective implementation of instruments to combat this practice. The regulations in force in the European Union in the area of migration and asylum were developed under different conditions, i.e. standard migration flows, and despite many modifications (e.g. in the context of the competences and tasks of Frontex) they have not proved effective in emergency situations. Consequently, many attempts have been made to amend these regulations. In 2020, they were replaced by a new comprehensive Pact on Migration and Asylum. The aim of this paper is to present and analyze selected legal problems related to the influx of irregular migrants to the European Union in the light of current migration trends and to show, against this background, the main demands for changes contained in the submitted legislative proposals.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH, BIAYA PENDIDIKAN, KOMITE SEKOLAH, BUDAYA SEKOLAH TERHADAP KINERJA SEKOLAH
Authors: Jannah Arum Roudlotul , Kardoyo Kardoyo
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, biaya pendidikan, peran komite sekolah, budaya sekolah terhadap kinerja SMA Negeri. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, dengan desain menggunakan ex post facto. Jumlah populasi 44 sekolah SMA Negeri, jumlah sampel 30 sekolah SMA Negeri, menggunakan teknik area sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, analisis jalur dan uji sobel. Hasil penelitian secara parsial terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, biaya pendidikan, komite sekolah, budaya sekolah terhadap mutu proses; terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, budaya sekolah, mutu proses terhadap mutu lulusan, tidak terdapat pengaruh siginifikan biaya pendidikan dan komite sekolah terhadap mutu lulusan; kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, biaya pendidikan, komite sekolah dan budaya sekolah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap mutu lulusan melalui mutu proses. Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah untuk meningkatkan mutu proses dan mutu lulusan, sekolah diharapkan dapat memperhatikan peran kepala sekolah, komite sekolah, budaya sekolah dan biaya pendidikan.
Analysis Tolerance of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) In instant noodles With Uv-Vis Spectrophotometry
Authors: Rachma Firstca Aulia , Saptawati Tunik
Published: February 2022

Background: MSG has become one of the most widely used food flavorings in the world, the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) reported an average per capita intake of MSG in the United States of 550 mg / day in 1973. The use of MSG as a food additive has been regulated by its use. WHO. This rule stipulates that daily consumption of MSG per person should not exceed the safe threshold of 120 mg / kg / day. MSG is proven to be a risk factor for obesity. The increase in body weight in mice occurred after MSG was given as much as 15-30 mg / kg or the equivalent of 1-2 g / person. Based on the description above, it is known that there is a significant influence of MSG in the health sector if consumed in excess. Therefore, researchers are interested in conducting further research related to MSG levels in instant noodle samples in the Semarang city area. Aim: The purpose of this study was to test the MSG levels in instant noodles with a spectrophotometer. Method: The tools used are a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu), NaCl and MSG salts. MSG used in instant noodles, 0.5% Ninhydrin Reagent. Result: MSG levels from each of the 10 samples of instant noodles that are traded in Semarang City, the highest levels are found in sample J of 4.70% and the lowest MSG levels are in sample G of 2.90%. Conclusion: Instant noodles sold in the city of Semarang are positive for Monosodium glutamate (MSG) and The results of quantitative analysis, where the MSG levels contained in each sample of instant noodles in Semarang City show that it is still below the standard for adults.
Formulation and Evaluation of Antioxidant Peel-Off Mask Ethanol Extract Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia sp.) Using DPPH 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl Method
Authors: Ayuningtyas Nurista Dida , Febrianto Yahya , Prasetyo Alno
Published: February 2022

Background: Myrmecodia sp extract is known to be effective as an antioxidant on a concentration of 5-50 ppm. Antioxidants are substances that can scavenge free radicals. Free radicals can cause skin damage. Peel off mask is a cosmetic product that function as a dead skin peel mechanically containing synthetic polymers that are quite safe and effective. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant effectiveness of the Myrmecodia sp extract. Method: The research used variations in the Myrmecodia sp extract of 2 %, 3%, and 4 %. The evaluation was carried out on the physical properties of the peel off mask and the antioxidant activity test. The antioxidant activity test used the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method. Statistical tests were carried out on the physical properties of the preparation and IC50 peel off mask using the one-way ANOVA test with a 95% confidence level.

Result: Based on this research, it was found that the gel peel-off mask preparation of Myrmecodia sp. extracts has organoleptic of a bit thick, brown and odourless. The value of adhesion is between 10.33-13.04 seconds, pH 6.27-6.75, viscosity 17.00-22.67 dPas, and drying time 17.33-24.33 minutes. The test for the antioxidant activity of IC50 peel off mask at F 2, F 3 and F 4 was 49.4 ppm, 39.41 ppm and 35.25 ppm respectively. Conclusion: The peel-off gel mask of Myrmecodia sp. extracts has the potential as an antioxidant with the strong ability category.
Effect of Variation Conditions of The Extraction Process of Morinda Citrifolia L Leaves Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Method (Uae)
Authors: Buanasari Buanasari , Dhamayanti Sonia Murniana Sri , Suryaningsih Suryaningsih
Published: February 2022

Background: Morinda citrifolia L. is widely used as traditional medicine for various diseases. The benefits of noni are studied from the seeds, fruit, leaves and root bark. This leaf active compound is rich in flavonoids, so an effective extraction process is needed to extract it. Conventional extraction generally takes a long time and involves a thermal process that can damage the compound, so it requires extraction with the latest methods, one of which is the use of ultrasonic waves. Aim: This study aims to examine the effect of variations in extraction process conditions on present yield, DPPH scavenging activity, flavonoid content and phenol content of Morinda citrifolia L leaves by varying the solids-solvent ratio (1:10, 1:20, 1:30, dan 1:40 g/mL), and extraction temperature (25, 35, 45, and 55ÂºC). Method: The process uses the ultrasonic assisted extraction method with 50 %V ethanol for 60 minutes. Result: The highest yield was obtained in the extraction with a solids-solvent ratio of 1:40 g/mL, at an extraction temperature of 55ÂºC, which was 32.29Â±0.066%. The highest flavonoid content (173.41Â±0.615 mg quercetin equivalent/g extract), phenol content (197.00Â±0.148 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract) and DPPH scavenging activity (97.65Â±0.912%) was obtained in the extraction with a solids-solvent ratio of 1:30 g/mL, at an extraction temperature of 25ÂºC. The best extract measured antioxidant activity and IC50 values obtained with 23.21 Âµg/mL. Conclusion: The use of the ultrasonic assisted extraction method by selecting the optimal operating conditions greatly increases the amount of active compound uptake required.
Quality Test of Palm Cooking Oil Used Repeatedly Based on Free Fatty Acid Content, Moisture Content, Peroxide Number
Authors: Dewi Pevy Syntia , Ulfah Maria
Published: February 2022

Background: Cooking oil used repeatedly can increase levels of free fatty acids and the number of peroxides in the blood, so that the risk of heart disease and diabetes. Aim: The purpose of the study was to find out the quality of palm cooking oil used repeatedly in tempeh mendoan against organoleptic, moisture content, free fatty acid content and peroxide number content. Method: Samples of palm cooking oil are used to fry tempe mendoan at 105oC for 10 and 60 minutes as much as 1 frying pan per day for 3 days, then the oil is cooled at room temperature and filter the oil so that it does not mix from the rest of the fried tempeh mendoan. Filtered oils are tested for quality with test parameters including organolepty including shape, color, odor, moisture content, peroxide levels, and free fatty acid levels. The data results were compared with sni 01-3741-2002 cooking oil quality standard and each level was analyzed using nonparametric statistics (Kruskall-Wallis) with a confidence level of 95%. Result: Organoleptic test results obtained the form of cooking oil in light yellow to yellow gold at the 10th minute on the 2nd day after 2 frying pans and orange in the 60 minutes after 3 frying pans for 3 days. Moisture content obtained results 2,086Â± 2,142 (10th minute) and 0.369Â± 0.304 (60th minute), free fatty acid content obtained results 0.317Â± 0.044 (10th minute) and 0.337Â± 0.076 (60th minute), the rate of peroxide numbers obtained resulted in 0.281Â± 0.090 (10th minute) and 0.386Â±0.158 (60th minute). Based on statistics tests there are significant differences (<0.05) to the decrease in water content quality, free fatty acid content and peroxide levels in palm oil cooking oil used repeatedly in tempe mendoan.
The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell in Controlling Liver Function on Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Antari Arini Dewi , Prasetio Ardi , Nugroho Baskoro Adi
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Background: Liver fibrosis (LF) is the end-stage of liver damage characterized by the increase concentration of SGOT and SGPT. A previous study, revealed that liver transplantation as the most effective therapy for LF has limited availability and remains a major challenge. Mesenchymal stem may control inflammation and regenerate damaged tissue leading to accelerated liver function repair.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum doze for MSC administration to recover LF. 

Method: The research used variations doze of MSCs administration of 1x106 and 2x106. Liver firbosis was induced by twice a week intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) (Sigma-Aldrich) dissolved with olive oil in 1:1 ratio for eight weeks. The concentration of SGPT SGOT was measured at day 9 post MSC administration. One Way Anova was performed to analyze statictical data.

Result: This study showed that there was a significant decrease in SGOT concentration (P < 0,05). P2 group treatment showed the lowest concentration of SGOT among the treatment (Figure B). In the same time, the administration of UC-MSCs reduce SGPT concentration insignificantly (P > 0,05).

Conclusion: The transplantation of MSCs ameliorated LF by reducing SGPT and SGOT concentration
Alpinia galanga Extract Inhibits MCF-7/HER2+ Cells by Inducing Apoptosis
Authors: Ibrahim Sugeng
Published: February 2022

Background: Cancer is a disease caused by abnormal growth of body tissue cells. Cancer treatment strategy by induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation.

Aim: This research aims to examine the anticancer effect of Alpinia galanga extract on MCF-7/HER2+ breast cancer cells. 

Method: The MTT Assay cytotoxic test was carried out to determine the growth inhibitory activity. Apoptotic assay to determine the activity of compounds in apoptosis, as well as through a structural approach utilizing various virtual platforms to monitor its activity.

Result: Based on the MTT assay Alpinia galanga extract possessed cytotoxic effect in dose-dependent manner with IC50 value of 330.79 μg/mL. The extract induces apoptosis of MCF-7 cells up to 25.56%.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that Alpinia galanga extract demonstrated cytotoxic activity toward MCF-7/HER2+ breast through apoptosis induction. This extract had an opportunity to be developed as a potential anticancer agent to overcome breast cancer diseases.
Decreased β-catenin expression contributes to IFNγ-induced chemokine secretion and lymphocyte infiltration in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: Wu Fei , Mao Chaoming , Mou Xiao , Xu Chengcheng , Zheng Tingting , Bu Ling , Luo Xuan , Lu Qingyan , Wang Xuefeng
Published: February 2022

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is a very common organ-speciﬁc autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocyte infiltration and the destruction of thyroid follicular cells (TFCs), in which IFN-γ and chemokines play pivotal roles. Moreover, β-catenin has been implicated in the regulation of T cell infiltration. However, whether β-catenin is involved in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is unknown. Here, we examined β-catenin expression in thyroid tissues and investigated its role in the pathogenesis of HT. The results showed that β-catenin expression was markedly reduced in the thyroid tissues of HT patients; more importantly, IFN-γ treatment markedly reduced the expression of β-catenin and was accompanied by the secretion of chemokines such as CCL5, CXCL16, GRO-β, and GRO-γ in TFCs in vitro, which was attributed to GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway activation. Collectively, the decreased expression of β-catenin might contribute to IFNγ-induced chemokine secretion and lymphocyte infiltration in the development of HT.
Figuras retóricas en la Rhetorica ad Herennium y en el Natyasastra (I): Figuras de pensamiento
Authors: Morales Harley Roberto
Published: February 2022

El artículo desarrolla una comparación en torno a los planteamientos de la Rhetorica ad Herennium (s. I a.C.) y el Natyasastra (s. II-IV d.C.), los tratados más antiguos en las tradiciones retóricas latina e india en donde se brinda una lista de figuras retóricas, acerca de las figuras de pensamiento (sententiarum exortationes / arthalamkaras). Se estudian, a partir de la terminología en lengua original, las definiciones de los respectivos tratados y algunos ejemplos extraídos de textos literarios, nueve figuras: símil, indecisión, definición, ejemplo, entimema, dialogismo, hipotiposis, prosopopeya y antítesis. Como conclusión, se postula una clasificación de las figuras de pensamiento susceptible de ser aplicada a ambas tradiciones retóricas: 1. Figuras de comparación, 2. Figuras de causa, 3. Figuras de conjunción y 4. Figuras de exageración.
Three Films of Yehuda Sharim
Authors: Caldwell John T.
Published: February 2022

Within our current moment of scripted immigration crisis it is difficult to grasp fully how the delegated punditry of 24/7 news media reportage in the United States has effectively muzzled the actual voices of immigrants and refugees. This is certainly true until one screens three recent films by media artist and filmmaker Yehuda Sharim. I thought a great deal about the art of media silencing while watching Sharim’s films We Are In It (2016), Seeds of All Things (2018), and Songs That Never End (2019). Together this trilogy of feature-length documentaries shows Sharim to be a careful listener of the words spoken by immigrants and an acute observer of the alienating human conditions afforded newcomers in the United States. More disturbingly, his films demonstrate that this verbal silencing and these conditions for immigrants and refugees are systemic, intentional, and institutionalized: expressions of an official, smothering U.S. stance.
Toni Morrison on the Agenda of Displacement
Authors: Morrison Toni
Published: February 2022

None
The “Essential Worker” in the Time of Corona: Ethnic Studies and a Legacy Canceled in the Napa Valley
Authors: Soto Lilia
Published: February 2022

As the wrath of COVID-19 among the poor and BIPOC communities continued into summer 2021 and beyond, and so did the uprisings. Calls to defund the police entered mainstream discourse, as did calls to abolish prisons. Connecting the pandemic and the renewal of social justice mass struggle leads to a new appreciation of ethnic studies as a decolonial practice. Ethnic studies itself has become one of the “essential workers” needed to assess the present conjuncture. Yet for that very reason, ethnic studies is also presently under attack at local, national, and international levels. It is within this context that I situate how the elimination of the Legacy Youth Project (LYP) in Napa, California —the only ethnic studies program offered at some local schools—became a dangerous reality for K–12 students.
Beyond Essential Workers, Toward Globalized Mortals in and beyond the Ethnic Studies Classroom during the Early Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Obando Mario Alberto
Published: February 2022

Examining the wisdom and knowledge acquired in the early months of the global pandemic from conversations with and projects by students of color who were also deemed essential labor, this essay argues for a relational ethnic studies that is holistic and centers itself on the idea of the human as not just a source of labor, be it in academia or in industry, but as mortal. Mortality then critiques the logics of essential labor, financial solvency, and risk management discourse and positions a move toward more horizontal and global meditations on the experiences of people who are rendered essentialized labor.
Enduring the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Imperatives in the Defense of Black Lives in Brazil
Authors: De Souza Raquel Luciana , Dias dos Santos Débora , Lopes Wellington Aparecido S.
Published: February 2022

For the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, Brazil and the United States were both under the rule of right-wing conservatives who focused on the pandemic’s impact on the economy, pushing for a reopening of “business as usual” while disregarding the deadly impact of COVID-19 on those considered essential workers. In light of racialized colonial legacies, the large majority of this labor force are people of color, who belong to the most vulnerable sectors of the population. In both countries, Black and Indigenous peoples have been disproportionally bearing the brunt of this pandemic in comparison to whites. This article illustrates how Black communities in Brazil have crafted strategies and created alliances in order to overcome the challenges posed by the pandemic. Afro-Brazilians resist and provide alternative responses to the barriers posed by decades of colonial violence and state negligence, which set up complex and layered preexisting structural conditions of socioeconomic exclusion and disenfranchisement. Moreover, this article provides a critical framework for understanding the pedagogies of everyday resistance and the multifaceted strategies communities have forged in order to survive and respond to the social and racial impact of the pandemic.
There’s Something in the Water, directed by Elliot Page and Ian Daniel
Authors: Benjamin Chris
Published: February 2022

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Sadness against Capital: A Lyric
Authors: Perez Jason Magabo
Published: February 2022

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Peculiarities of search for placer deposits of gold of the south of Ukraine
Authors: LOMAKIN I.E. , SARVIROV Ye.A. , KOCHELAB V.V.
Published: February 2022

The long-term high level of world gold prices against the background of depletion of reserves with easily extracted metal leads to the search for and introduction into industrial development of deposits, even with low-tech ores and sands. This, in turn, requires the introduction of effective technologies for the enrichment and extraction of gold, contributes to the improvement of methods of exploration. At present, numerous manifestations of placer gold of various scales are known in the sedimentary strata of Meso-Cenozoic deposits in the south of Ukraine. But the real picture of the distribution and the actual scale of gold deposits in Ukraine are uncompleted and unreliable. This is due to the inconsistency of the applied search technique, which was aimed at identifying near-subglacial valley deposits, to the actual properties of gold-bearing formations. Gold in most Ukrainian placers is represented mainly by small, fine and dispersed particles in a significantly clay substrate. Therefore, the traditional geological samples washing by tray led to excessive losses of fine gold and to a significant underestimation of the gold potential. That is why we need to revise the results of previously obtained geological data. Detection of placer gold deposits of Ukraine is possible under the condition of increasing the efficiency of the local forecast and the reliability of field research. The most favorable situations for the accumulation of a useful component are structural denudation traps in tectonic depressive zones. The technology of sample enrichment must correspond to the actual properties of specific raw materials in the placer object. The types of technological equipment are given and some ways of increase of efficiency and reliability of test are offered. The article continues the series of publications devoted to solving the problems of studying placer gold content with a dominant share of fine and dispersed gold in sedimentary formations of the south of Ukraine.
Influence of Metastable Argon Atoms and Dust Particles on Gas Discharge Plasma
Authors: Fedoseev A.V. , Sukhinin G.I.
Published: February 2022

The model of a DC glow discharge with metastable argon atoms and dust particles based on the Boltzmann equation for the electron energy distribution function (EEDF), dust particle charging, and balance equation for metastable argon atoms is presented. The processes of direct and stepwise electron impact ionization, metastable-metastable collisions, and recombination of electrons and ions on the dust particle surface and discharge tube wall are taken into account. The results show that the densities of metastable argon atoms and dust particles are in strong correlation, and both sufficiently influence gas discharge parameters.
Diagnostics of Particles in RF Dusty Plasma
Authors: Filatova I.I. , Azharonok V.V. , Chubrik N.I. , Malevanova A.A. , Truhachev F.M. , Ramazanov T.S.
Published: February 2022

We study the dynamics of polydisperse dust particles in a rf post-discharge plasma. The levitation of charged particles after the discharge switching-off is found, and the velocities of their fall are measured. A model of the dynamics of particles in the afterglow plasma is proposed to estimate their size and residual charge.
High-Temperature Oxidation and Destruction of Metal Filaments in Air
Authors: Orlovskaya S.G. , Shkoropado M.S. , Karimova F.F.
Published: February 2022

The high-temperature oxidation and the thermal destruction of electrically heated tungsten and molybdenum filaments in air arestudied experimentally. The temperature histories of filaments are obtained, and the successive stages of oxidation are defined. It isshown that the phase transition points of oxides determine the limits of these stages. The filament destruction conditions are established: the temperature in and the diameter of the filament central zone, the electric current corresponding to the filament failure, as well as the burning time. The behavior of oxide particles in an electric field is studied.
Screening of Absorbing Grains in Plasma with a Flow
Authors: Tyshetskiy Yu.O. , Vladimirov S.V.
Published: February 2022

The electrostatic shielding of a charged absorbing object (dust grain) in a flowing collisionless plasma is investigated by usingthe linearized kinetic equation for plasma ions with a point-sink term accounting for the ion absorption on the object. The effect ofabsorption on the attractive part of the dust grain potential distribution in plasma is investigated. For subthermal ion flows, the attractive part of the grain potential in the direction perpendicular to the ion flow can be significantly reduced or completely destroyed, depending on the absorption rate (proportional to the surface area of a grain). For superthermal ion flows, however, the effect of absorption on the grain attraction in the direction perpendicular to the ion flow is shown to be exponentially weak. It is thus argued that, in the limit of superthermal ion flow, the effect of absorption on the grain potential distribution in plasma can be safely ignored for typical grain sizes relevant to complex plasmas.
Seventeen-Year-Old Female With History of Depression Presented With Mania and Enuresis
Authors: Tunc Emine M. , Otten Catherine E. , Kodish Ian M. , Kim Soo-Jeong , Kochar Angad , Novotny Edward , Yoshida Hiromi
Published: February 2022

A 17-year-old girl with a history of depression was referred by her psychologist to the emergency department (ED) because of concerning behavioral changes for the past 2 weeks. She was engaging in erratic behaviors, including excessive baking, handling broken glass, mixing chemicals, and swimming alone while clothed. She denied any intention to harm herself or others. She was feeling energized in the morning despite only sleeping a few hours at night. She also urinated on herself the day before her ED visit. Her examination and preliminary testing findings in the ED were largely normal. Her initial presentation was concerning for a psychiatric etiology, such as new-onset bipolar disorder given previous history of depression and recent impulsive symptoms suggestive of mania. As her clinical course evolved and urinary incontinence continued, her definitive diagnosis was made by an interdisciplinary team that included child psychiatry and pediatric neurology.
Poezja Mieczysława Jastruna na łamach „Kameny” w latach 30. XX wieku
Authors: Mielhorski Robert
Published: February 2022

The article is a discussion of the poems of Mieczysław Jastrun published in 1933 to 1939 in the papers of “Kamena” magazine in Chełm Lubelski. The author of the paper is mainly interested in the poems of this Polish poet published only once, in this particularperiodical, and not reprinted ever again (Wiek żelazny; Obietnica; Noce). They are yet another reason for searching into the forgotten part of the writer’s output. However, the starting point for the presentation of the poems is a discussion of the other poems of Jastrun, published in “Kamena” – those which found a place in the subsequent volumes of the authors of Dzieje nieostygłe. A compilation of the poems published in this magazine is a reason for analysing Jastrun’s evaluation of his own poems coming from the “dark decade” of the interwar period, an attempt to adapt their peculiar character to the profile of the periodical having its own programme.
„Należy od nowa przywitać się ze śmiercią”. Baka Eugeniusza Tkaczyszyna‑ Dyckiego
Authors: Szczukowski Ireneusz
Published: February 2022

This article focuses mainly on three texts by the polish poetry Eugeniusz Tkaczyszyn‑Dycki that refer to baroque poet Józef Baka: Baka uwodzi Stefanię Dycką (Baka Seduces Stefania Dycka) Baka winny istnieniu Stefanii Dyckiej (Baka Guilty of Stefania Dycka’s Existence) Stefania Dycka poruszona widokiem Baki (Stefania Dycka Moved by Seeing Baka). We should remember that Dycki’s speech is centered around loss, so it is an attempt to invent a language that could bear the heterogeneity of death. To avoid slipping into silence, the author updates the old Polish tradition of funeral poetry, particularly the “black carnival” of late‑Baroque writer Józef Baka, which provides a specific ma‑ trix of meaning, of the way to communicate with oneself and with the reader. The subject of the analysis are therefore references to the threads of Baka’s poetry, which have been transformed in Dycki’s poetic discourse.
Dlaczego Euklides był osłem? Uwagi o jednej z powieści Stefana Themersona
Authors: Kwosek Jacek
Published: February 2022

The article concerns the Stefan Themerson’s novel The mystery of the sardine (polish title: Euklides był osłem). First, it discusses the philosophical inspirations inherent in the novel. Then a critique of the mental tendencies in Western philosophy symbolized by Euclid is presented. Themerson criticizes the assumption, that eternal and immutable things are the basis of mutable and temporal things. He also rejects the view, that a priori knowledge about the real world is possible. Instead, he proclaims the primacy of factual truths over those of reason, and the primacy of experience over abstract inferences. He also argues that assigning too much of a priori cognition leads to the creation of world repair projects, which justify fanaticism and cruelty. Instead, he proposes an ethics of good manners resp. rules of decency.
Declension Errors in Polish of Bilingual Children of Preschool Age – Multiple Case Study
Authors: Wrona Justyna
Published: February 2022

T In this paper, the inflectional errors in Polish of bilingual children were examined. My studies focus particularly on declension errors, which reflect the level of Polish grammar acquisition by pre‑school bilinguals. I investigated what the level of command of the Polish declension system by bilingual children is. I also sought to determine the declension errors characteristic for the surveyed children and which case categories posed the greatest difficulty for them. The method was multiple case study. The research results show the most common types of inflectional errors made by bilingual children in the Polish language and which case categories presented the greatest challenge for them. It can be seen that inflectional errors are closely related to the second language interference, so the types of inflectional errors were predicted by L2 (different for every child). Moreover, the most challenging case categories were dative and locative. The study found that the lower the frequency of the case, the more errors associated with it were observed in the utterances of children. Such a result may indicate that cross‑linguistic transfer and frequency of use are among the main factors of grammar acquisition.
More about Karma, and Its Social Context
Authors: Gombrich Richard
Published: February 2022

For the Buddha, the idea of karma is inextricably connected with the idea of rebirth. He saw karma, intentional action, as a matter of cause and effect. Good karma would bring good effects for the doer, bad karma bad effects. It would not be right to call these rewards and punishments, because there is no rewarder or punisher. The effects are produced, rather, by a law of nature, analogous for us to a law of physics. For the Buddha and others in ancient India, however, the model was agriculture. One sows a seed, there is a time lag during which some mysterious invisible process takes place, and then the plant pops up and can be harvested. The result of an intentional act is in fact normally referred to as its ëfruití. The time between the act and its fruit is unpredictable.
The Buddha's Positive Values: Love and Compassion
Authors: Gombrich Richard
Published: February 2022

This is an ambitious chapter, because in it I wish to illustrate simultaneously several different dimensions of the Buddhaís thought and teaching; one of them I regard as of central importance. In the next chapter, I am going to set out my method, and above all my justification for claiming that the evidence favours our ascribing these ideas to the Buddha, a single person. As I have already written, the proof of the pudding is in the eating, and I believe that my case will carry conviction if I can demonstrate how my method produces results.
Assessing the Evidence
Authors: Gombrich Richard
Published: February 2022

Unfortunately, nowadays students are taught that when they embark on research they first have to learn methodology, and that when they write up that research they should start by explaining their methodology. Even worse, they are often led to believe that there is such a subject as methodology. This needs to be unravelled.