bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Annotation and Classification of Graphs of Property Values Reported in Material Science Literature
Authors: Iinuma Naoki , Kuniyoshi Fusataka , Ozawa Jun , Miwa Makoto
Published: December 2021

Building a system for extracting information from the scientific literature is an important research topic in the field of inorganic materials science. However, conventional extraction systems have a limitation in that they do not extract characteristic values from nontextual components, such as charts, diagrams, and tables, which provide key information in many scientific documents. Although there have been several studies on identifying the characteristic values of graphs in the literature, there is no general method that classifies graphs according to the property conditions of the values in the field of materials science. Therefore, in this study, we focus on graphs that are figures representing graphically numerical data, such as a bar graph and line graph, as the first step toward developing a framework for extracting material property information from such noncontextual components. We propose deep-learning-based classification models for identifying the types of graph properties, such as temperature and time, by combining graph images, text in graphs, and captions in neural networks. To train and evaluate the models, we construct a material graph dataset with different types of material properties from a large collection of data from journals in the field of materials science. By using cloud sourcing, we annotate 16,668 images. Our experimental results demonstrate that the best model can achieve high performance with a microaveraged F-score of 0.961.
Enhanced production of falcarinol-type polyacetylenes in hairy roots of cultivated carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus)
Authors: Dunemann Frank , Böttcher Christoph
Published: December 2021

Polyacetylenes (PAs) are a large group of bioactive phytochemicals, which are primarily produced by higher plants of the families Apiaceae and Araliaceae. Especially aliphatic C17-polyacetylenes of the falcarinol-type such as falcarinol (FaOH) and falcarindiol (FaDOH) are known for their numerous biological functions including positive effects on human health. In this study we investigate the potential of carrot hairy root (HR) cultures for accumulation of PAs in vitro. Three individual plants of seven differently colored carrot cultivars were used for the development of HR cultures by transformation of root discs with the wild-type Rhizobium rhizogenes strain 15834. A total of 51 individual HR lines were established and quantitatively analysed by HPLC/DAD together with root, petiole and leaf tissue samples for their FaOH and FaDOH levels. Among the five tissues sampled from the donor plants, root periderm samples generally exhibited the highest PA levels with FaDOH as prevailing PA and large differences between cultivars. Compared with the periderm, FaOH levels were highly increased in HRs of all investigated carrot cultivars, whereas the FaDOH levels were not significantly increased. Considering the low to moderate PA concentration in root and leaf tissues of the orange cultivars there was an up to 30-fold increase of the FaOH concentration in HRs derived from orange genotypes. In this study, we demonstrate, that carrot HRs are able to produce large amounts of PAs. Hence, we suggest that HRs might be a suited tool to assess the function of candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of major PAs.
Black Holes as Geometric Distortional Extrema
Authors: koehler dale
Published: December 2021

It is shown in the present work that the distorted-space model of matter as extended to extreme curvature limits results in characteristics mimicking those of galactic-holes. The distorted-geometry structures exhibit non-Newtonian features wherein the hole or core-region fields of the structures are energetically-repulsive (negative pressure), do not behave functionally in an r-4 manner and terminate at zero at the radial origin (no singularity). Of particular interest is that of r-6 energy-density behavior at structural radial distances near the core of the distortion, a region also displaying potential-well behavior.
The Effects of False-positive Result in Newborn Congenital Hypothyroidism Screening to Parents in Guangxi, China
Authors: Tu Si-Jing , Zhang Xiao-Fei , Jin Chen , Wang Bi-Yan , Luo Chao , Wang Xiao-He , Ma Jin-Feng
Published: December 2021

Background: As more than 200,000 neonates participate in newborn congenital hypothyroidism (CH) screening in Guangxi each year, the overall number of false positives has increased. Concerns arise regarding the potential demographic impact on parental stress and knowledge of CH results has emerged. Methods: 255 parents were invited to participate in the false-positive (FP) group, and 1040 parents were invited to participate in the control group. After providing consent, the parents completed a semistructured questionnaire on demographic characteristics, knowledge of CH and the parental stress index-short form (PSI-SF). Results: The parents in the FP group had better knowledge of CH and higher PSI scores than did the parents in the control group (both P <0.001). The result of Logistic Regression showed that the major influence factors of knowledge of CH were FP experience and source of knowledge (both P <0.001). The parents in the FP group who were well-informed during the recall phone call had lower PSI scores than did the other parents (P = 0.001). The results suggested that FP screening results may affect parental stress and the parent-child relationships. Conclusion: Targeted health education should be carried out to increase prospective parents’ knowledge of NBS and reduce parental stress when false-positive results are received.
The effect of delivery ball and warm shower on the childbirth experience of nulliparous women: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: sharifipour parvaneh , Kheirkhah Masoomeh , Rajati Mojgan , haghani hamid
Published: December 2021

Background

Childbirth is a unique experience that affects women’s life. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the effect of delivery ball and warm shower on the childbirth experience of primiparous women.
Methods

This study is a clinical trial that was carried out on primiparous pregnant women referred to Motazedi Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran. Sampling was done by continuous method and pregnant women were divided into three groups of delivery ball-warm shower (n = 33), delivery ball (n = 33) and control (n = 33). Exercise with ball at the dilation of 4 cm was similar in the two groups of delivery ball-warm shower and delivery ball, but the first group also used warm shower at the dilatation of 7 cm. The control group only received the routine delivery care. Demographic information form consisting of pregnancy history and information about the mother and infant were completed and the childbirth experience questionnaire (CEQ) were completed by the women two hours after the childbirth.
Results

There was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of childbirth experience after the intervention between the two groups of delivery ball-warm shower and control (P = 0.001), and also between the delivery ball and control groups (P = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of professional support between the two groups of delivery ball-warm shower and control (P = 0.02) and also between the delivery ball and control groups (p = 0.02). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of participation between the two groups of delivery ball-warm shower and control (P = 0.003) and also between the delivery ball and control groups (P = 0.01). There was also a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of sense of security between the two groups of delivery ball-warm shower and control (P = 0.01).
Conclusion

Delivery ball and warm shower were effective interventions to create a positive childbirth experience. This method was more effective than using delivery ball alone in childbirth experience. To achieve a positive experience of childbirth in mothers, the use of both intervention (delivery ball and warm shower) is recommended.
Analyzing the Effect of Pressure Management on Infrastructure Leakage Index in Distribution Systems based on Field Data
Authors: YILMAZ Salih , Firat Mahmut , ATEŞ Abdullah , ÖZDEMİR Özgür
Published: December 2021

In this study, the relationship between pressure management (PM) and infrastructure leakage index (ILI) in distribution systems was investigated based on the field data. Before PM, non-revenue water (NRW) rates were calculated as 48.44%, 76.49% and 36.57% and ILI indicators were determined as 16.97, 22.90 and 26.88, in three DMAs. The leakage volume is also calculated by the FAVAD equation and compared the field data. With the implementation of PM, although NRW ratios decreased, the ILI did not improve in the same rate. ILI class was improved in 3 regions, ILI class dropped from A to B in one region. Although the ILI class did not change in the 5 regions, the loss rates decreased. Using the ILI alone in regions where PM is used can create misleading results in performance analysis. It is thought that it would be more accurate to evaluate losses with performance indicators in PM areas.
The Effectiveness of a Media-Based Intervention Promoting Help-Seeking for Mental Health Difficulties By Australian Men: Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: NICHOLAS ANGELA , Requena Simone Scotti , Ftanou Maria , Rice Simon , Fletcher Justine , McKinnon Andrew , Seidler Zac , Le Long Khanh-Dao , Mihalopoulos Cathrine , Pirkis Jane
Published: December 2021

Background
Approximately one fifth of Australian males aged 16 + experience mood, anxiety or substance use disorders in a given year, and suicide by males accounts for three quarters of all suicides annually. However, males with mental health problems are less likely to seek and receive help than their female counterparts. Media campaigns with videos at their core are gaining popularity as a means of promoting help-seeking for mental health difficulties, but few studies have rigorously tested the impact of such videos. This randomised controlled trial tests the effectiveness of a short video promoting help-seeking by Australian men.
Methods
This study is an online randomised controlled trial (RCT). Participants will attend an online group orientation session, where they will provide consent to participate and complete a baseline questionnaire (T1). After completion of the T1 questionnaire, participants will be randomised to watch either the intervention or control video on a 1:1 basis. After randomisation, participants will be able to access their allocated video for one week. Seven days after T1, participants will again be sent links to the video and to the post-exposure questionnaire (T2). One month after T2, participants will be emailed the follow-up questionnaire (T3). The primary outcome will be change in help-seeking intentions from T1 to T2. Secondary outcomes will be changes in help-seeking intentions from T1 to T3, changes in intentions to encourage other males to seek help, self-reliance, and male depression symptoms from T1 to T2 and from T1 to T3. The cost-effectiveness of the intervention will be evaluated. Participants will also complete questions about their opinions of the video and its effects at T2 and T3.
Discussion
Our video-based intervention is designed to promote help-seeking for mental health difficulties among Australian men. If a lack of net harm is shown to be associated with viewing the intervention video, the video will be publicly released and could have broad impacts on individual and community attitudes towards help-seeking for mental health difficulties, and ultimately enhance men’s mental health and wellbeing. An evaluation of the effectiveness of the intervention is essential to ensure the intervention is achieving its objectives.
Trial registration:
anzctr.org.au: 2621001008819
Insights on The Morphological and Phylogenetic Delimitation of Dacrymyces Nees
Authors: Alvarenga Renato Lúcio Mendes , Gibertoni Tatiana Baptista
Published: December 2021

Dacrymycetes has four families and 13 genera, few of them with molecular data available and then usually polyphyletic in phylogenetic analyses. Dacrymyces Nees is one of the polyphyletic genera in Dacrymycetes and it was introduced to accommodate one species, D. stillatus Nees. The morphological features of the genus are a homogeneous composition of the intra-structure and an amphigenous or superior hymenium. In this study, we included Neotropical specimens in the phylogeny of the Dacrymycetes and Dacrymyces s.s. is emended to include species with resupinate basidiomata, unilateral hymenium and heterogeneous context. In this new delimitation, the new species Dacrymyces flavobrunneus is described using morphological and molecular data and three new combinations (D. ceraceus comb. nov., D. maxidorii comb. nov. and D. spathularia comb. nov.) are proposed based on DNA analyses.
Mathematical modeling of the demographic dividend (DD) capture applied in economy.
Authors: cheikh GUEYE , Babacar TOUMBOU , Abdoulaye DIOUF
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this work is to develop tools and techniques for modeling the capture of the Demographic Dividend. We presented the ordinary differential equation (ODE) system modeling the variation of economically dependent and economically non dependent populations. The system uses natality, natural mortality, infant mortality, migration (incoming and outgoing), and transfers. The mathematical study of this ODE system shows the existence of an equilibrium point whose stability depends on a certain number of system parameters. Numerical simulations of the resulting model were performed using scenarios approach.
Comparative Study of HRCT Imaging Characteristics of Psittaci Pneumonia and COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Mao Zhenni , Tan Changlian , Cai Sainan , Shen Qin , Liu Qinru , Zhang Lin , Li Junli , Wang Tianyu , Zi Yuheng , Wang Min , Zhou Fan , Song Chendie , Liu Jun , Liao Haiyan
Published: December 2021

Backgroud: Both Chlamydia psittaci and COVID-19 virus can cause lung inflammation, which manifests extremely similarly in clinical symptoms and imaging. Especially during the epidemic of COVID-19, psittacosis pneumonia is easily misdiagnosed as COVID-19 pneumonia. The identification of the chest imaging between the two diseases is of special significance when the epidemiological contact history is unclear, and the etiology and nucleic acid test results are not available. This study conducts to compare the imaging characteristics on chest high-resolution CTs (HRCT) between patients with psittaci pneumonia and COVID-19 pneumonia.Methods: A retrospective analysis of the imaging characteristics on chest HRCTs of 10 psittaci pneumonia patients and 13 COVID-19 pneumonia patients. The similarities and differences in HRCT images of patients with psittaci pneumonia and COVID-19 pneumonia were analyzed. Results: HRCT showed that among the 10 psittaci pneumonia patients, 8 cases (80.00%) had single lobe involvement, and 2 cases (20.00%) had multiple lobe involvement. Among the 13 COVID-19 pneumonia patients, 2 cases had single lobe involvement (15.38%), and 11 cases had multiple lobe involvement (84.62%). The types of lesions in 10 psittaci pneumonia patients included simple consolidation in 5 cases (50.00%), and ground-glass opacity (GGO) with consolidation in 5 cases (50.00%). The types of lesions in 13 COVID-19 pneumonia patients included simple GGO in 6 cases (46.15%), GGO with consolidation in 4 cases (30.77%), GGO with paving stone sign in 2 cases (15.38%), and simple consolidation in 1 case (7.69%). Lymphadenopathy was observed in 1 psittaci pneumonia patient (10.00%) and 1 COVID-19 pneumonia patient (7.69%). Among the 10 psittaci pneumonia patients, 8 cases (80.00%) had bronchial inflation, and 6 patients (60.00%) had pleural effusion. Among the 13 COVID-19 pneumonia patients, 5 patients (38.46%) showed signs of bronchial inflation, while no pleural effusion was observed in 13 patients.Conclusion: Chest HRCTs can distinguish COVID-19 pneumonia from psittaci pneumonia, and can provide early diagnoses of these two diseases.
Low-Carbon Innovation, Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions: Evidence From a Dynamic Spatial Panel Approach in China
Authors: Zhang Caijiang , Zhou Yu , Li Zhangwen
Published: December 2021

Low-carbon innovation plays an essential role in carbon reduction worldwide. This study investigates how low-carbon innovation affects carbon emissions by the Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model based on 30 Chinese provinces from 2007 to 2017. The empirical results show that: First, there exists provincial agglomeration of carbon emissions. High emission provinces concentrate in major economic zones and energy extraction areas. Second, low-carbon innovation decreases carbon emissions in general. The spillover effects are higher than the direct effects in the short run, but the spillover effects are not significant in the long run. Third, the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis is valid both in the short-run and long-run. Ninety percent of the provinces' GDP is above the inflection point by 2017. The summary of policy implications is as follows. First, targeted incentives for R&D in low-carbon technologies are needed; Second, the externalities of low-carbon innovation require attention; Third, energy transition need to be promoted as soon as possible.
Characterization of Pterotylenchus cecidogenus in Desmodium ovalifolium cover crop from oil palm plantations in central Colombia
Authors: Velandia Oscar , Mestizo Yuri , Medina Héctor Camilo , Riascos-Ortiz Donald , De Agudelo Francia Varón , Sarria Greicy Andrea
Published: December 2021

Until recently, the stem gall nematode Pterotylenchus cecidogenus was only registered in eastern Colombia. However, the disease has recently been observed in central Colombian oil palm plantations that use Desmodium ovalifolium as a cover crop. Soil, root, stem, and leaf samples were collected from D. ovalifolium. Plants showed foliar yellowing, leaf drying, and galls within stem nodes. Nematodes were identified, and the distribution, population density, and relative importance of different genera were determined. We performed morphometric and molecular identification of nematodes associated with gall symptoms. The D2-D3 segment of the large subunit-28S of ribosomal ribonucleic acid (RNA) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis was performed. P. cecidogenus mainly occurred in the galls and to a lesser extent in the roots and soil. Nematodes were not found in leaf or inflorescence tissue. Morphological and morphometric data confirm the presence of P. cecidogenus in the stems of D. ovalifolium with gall symptoms. This study is the first to report deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences of P. cecidogenus. Based on D2-D3 and ITS partial sequences, P. cecidogenus is a sister species of the leaf-galling nematode Ditylenchus phyllobius (Sinm. Orrina phyllobia).
Conductive Polymer Composites Made from Polypropylene and Recycled Graphite Scrap
Authors:   School of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Innovation and Technology, Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus, No. 1, Jalan Taylor’s, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Tong Dylan Jia Yee , Koay Seong Chun ,   School of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Innovation and Technology, Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus, No. 1, Jalan Taylor’s, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Chan Ming Yeng ,   Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Jalan Genting Kelang, Setapak, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Tshai Kim Yeow ,   Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia, Ong Thai Kiat ,   Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Jalan Genting Kelang, Setapak, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Buys Yose Fachmi ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: December 2021

Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) process uses electrodes made from graphite that wear out over time and are turned into scrap. In this research, EDM electrode scraps were recycled and turned into graphite powder (rGP). This rGP was used as a conductive filler to produce conductive polymer composite (CPC) material by combining it with polypropylene (PP) resin via melt compounding and compression moulding processes. The percolation threshold of this composite material changed when 30 wt% of rGP was added, whereby the insulative material changed became antistatic. The composite was able to achieve surface resistivity as low as 105 ohm/sq. However, the addition of higher rGP content deteriorated the tensile properties of composite, whereby the tensile strength of composite significantly decreased as compared to neat PP. The results also showed that the tensile modulus of this composite became higher, and the material became more brittle as compared to neat PP. However, the PP/rGP composite with 50 wt% filler content reduced the tensile modulus due to plasticising effect caused by the agglomeration of rGP. The addition of high filler content on PP/rGP composite also caused an increase in processing torque. This was due to the restriction of rGP particles to the melt flow of molten PP. The morphological analysis found that the PP/rGP composites with higher amounts of filler content were highly agglomerated and formed conductivity paths within the PP matrix. The increase of rGP content highly improved the thermal stability of composite. The findings of this study show that the rGP has the potential to be used as a conductive filler for producing conductive composite material.
Crystal structure of nyerereite: A possible messenger from the deep Earth
Authors: Zucchini Azzurra , Gavryushkin Pavel N. , Golovin Alexander V. , Bolotina Nadezhda B. , Stabile Paola , Carroll Michael R. , Comodi Paola , Frondini Francesco , Morgavi Daniele , Perugini Diego , Arzilli Fabio , Cherin Marco , Kazimoto Emmanuel , Kokh Konstantin , Kuznetsov Artem , Medrish Inna V.
Published: December 2021

Carbonates in the system Na2CO3-CaCO3 are nowadays suggested as having a wide stability field at conditions of the mantle transition zone. Our structural analysis of nyerereite, which has limited stability fields at ambient conditions, and its similarities with already known carbonates that are stable at high-pressure conditions, allowed us to propose that nyerereite likely undergoes phase transitions at both high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. This supports the hypothesis that nyerereite takes part in carbon transportation from the mantle/deep crust toward the surface, with important implications for the deep carbon cycle associated with carbonatites.

K-free nyerereite [Na2Ca(CO3)2] was synthesized both at hydrothermal conditions and from the melt. The structure of nyerereite was refined as a three-component twinned structure in the centrosymmetric Pbca space group with ratios of the three twinning components 0.221(3):0.287(3):0.492(3). Twinning at micro- and nano-level can introduce some minor structural deformations that influence the likely occurrence of the inversion center as one of the symmetry elements in the nyerereite structure. Based on the automated topological algorithms, we show that nyerereite has a unique crystal structure, not having analogs among the known structures, except for the structure with a similar composition K2Ca(CO3)2 fairchildite.

A comparison between the centrosymmetric Pbca nyerereite structure and that of aragonite (CaCO3, Pmcn space group) reveals two main scenarios for the high-pressure form of Na2Ca(CO3)2: (1) poly-somatic relations as the interlayering of the high-pressure polymorph Na2CO3 and CaCO3-aragonite, and (2) high-pressure structure with ninefold-coordinated Na and Ca sites resembling that of aragonite. Our discussion heightens the interest in the high-pressure behavior of the nyerereite structure and strengthens the hypothesis about the possibility for nyerereite to be stable at high-pressure/high-temperature conditions.
BODY HEIGHT AND ITS ESTIMATION UTILIZING ARM SPAN MEASUREMENTS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITY OF SANAAAND UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN SANAA CITY,YEMEN: AN ANTHROPOMETRIC STUDY
Authors:   University of Science and Technology-Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences-Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, the 60th Road, Sanaa, Yemen., M.A. Ghaleb Mansour
Published: December 2021

Background: Arm span is the most reliable anthropometric measurement to estimate the height of an individual. Objective the present study was under taken to measure the height as well as arm span and to determine whether there is any correlation between the height and the arm spanamong medical students in university of Sanaa as the government university and university of science and technology(UST) as the private university in Sanaa city, Yemen. Cross sectional study was carried out with a total number of 396, with equal size of gender, aged between 17 to 27 years. Height and arm span were measured by using anthropometric techniqueconducted from October to December 2020. The data statistically analyzed by computation to find out its normative value. The relationship between body height and arm span were determined using simple correlation coefficients. Result: males had higher means in height and arm span, the differences weresignificant.All parameters were higher for students of UST, differences arm span were significant (p values < 0.05), no significant differences were found according to their study level, the difference in height and arm span between males and females weresignificant, there were a strong positive correlation between arm span and height. The correlation coefficient for males was 0.555, for females was 0.602, and overall correlation for total sample was 0.762. In conclusion these correlations were statistically significant.Therefore, the arm span measure seems to be a reliable indirect anthropometric measurement for estimating body height in adults.
HEMATOGENOUS PULMONARY NODULES
Authors:   Department of Emergency Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco., Imrani Kaoutar , Oubaddi Tlaite ,   Department of Emergency Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco., Jroundi L. ,   Department of Emergency Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco., Laamrani F.Z. ,   Department of Emergency Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: December 2021

Septic pulmonary embolism is an uncommon disorder that is most often seen in patients with predisposing situations (intravenous drug use, endocarditis, septic thrombophlebitis, central venous catheter infectionsâ€¦). The clinical signs are non-specific. CT scan is useful for diagnosis showing bilateral pulmonary nodules with some orienting signs. We report a case of a 43-year-old woman, with a history of hemodialysis via a tunneled jugular catheter, who presented with acute respiratory distress and fever, chest CT showed multiple bilateral nodules, some of which are excavated. Blood cultures showed a staphylococcus aureusbacteremia. The diagnosis of septic emboli was made in view of all the clinical, biological, and radiological elements.
SUBALTERN PERSPECTIVES IN MAHESH DATTANIS BRAVELY FOUGHT THE QUEEN
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Amity School of Languages, Amity University Chhattisgarh., Sarkar Aninnya , Singh Rai Indrani ,   Associate Professor, Amity School of Languages, Amity University Chhattisgarh.
Published: December 2021

Mahesh DattanisBravely Fought the Queen elucidates the defaulted picture of the Indian society, where the characters face a tremendous existential crisis. The women are badly dependent on the men characters for their survival, whereas the male characters are badly dependent on the patriarchal system for proving their dominant existence in the society. Every character in the play whether a man or a woman faces a gruesome crisis for their survival. They are not free birds who can drive their life by their free will. Women in the play are portrayed as the victims under the tyrannical hands of patriarchy, from which they are trying to escape from the claustrophobic existence to their own shaped world of independence. This paper is an earnest endevour to explore the existential crisis of the characters and search a probable solution.
Synthesis and evaluation of novel heterocycles as potential HIV-1 enzyme inhibitors
Authors:   , Ngnie Tuemgnie Gaëlle Tatiana
Published: December 2021

This project has focussed on the synthesis and the evaluation of organic compounds as potential HIV-1 enzyme inhibitors, by making use of green chemistry (microwave assisted synthesis and click chemistry), palladium catalyzed reactions (Heck and Sonogashira coupling), Baylis Hillman methodology and aldol condensation. These compounds were synthesized in good yields and fully characterised by spectroscopic techniques. Biological assay data revealed that some of the compounds possess high inhibitory activity and their effective inhibitory concentration was as good as those of drugs in clinical use. These potential drug molecules were identified by preliminary investigations carried out by molecular modelling where a trend of their inhibitory activity against different enzymes was anticipated. Benzotriazole-AZT conjugates generated by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of anthranilic acid derivatives with AZT showed good inhibitory activity in silico against both HIV-1 protease (PR) and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) enzymes. Still in line with our dual action strategy, cinnamate ester-AZT conjugates were synthesized in three steps starting from benzaldehyde derivatives with a click reaction at the final step. These compounds also showed some inhibitory activity against HIV-1 RT enzyme (88%). In addition, the cinnamoyl fragment attached to AZT appeared to improve the activity of AZT against HIV-1 RT. Peptide chemistry involving carbonyl diimidazole as a coupling reagent between cinnamic acid derivatives and protected amino acids was used to prepare substituted amino acid derivatives which appeared to be very active against the integrase (IN) enzyme (88%). Commercially available coumarin was iodinated and derivatized through palladium catalyzed Heck and Sonogashira reactions with activated alkenes and a terminal alkyne respectively to afford novel coumarin derivatives in good yields. Optimization studies on the Heck reaction with regards to the phosphine ligand, the palladium catalyst and the solvent were carried out to afford novel formyl substituted cinnamate esters with nonaflyl salicylaldehyde derivatives.
Russian marketing analysis of biologically active additives with pancreatic enzyme
Authors: Narkevich Igor A. , Nemyatykh Oksana D. , Basakina Irina I. , Fitisova Anastasiya I.
Published: December 2021

The Russian market of biologically active additives, which include pancreatine and pancreatic enzymes — amylase, protease, lipase, has been analyzed. It was established that the study group is represented by a wide range (approximately 150 names), which is represented mainly by foreign manufacturers (approximately 80%). The monotonous tendency to increase sales by volume in all regions of the Russian Federation over the past 5 years has been analyzed. It should be noted that, today consumer preferences biologically active additives of domestic production despite the significant share of imported dietary supplements in the supply structure. High demand is primarily due to the accessibility and increased trust and loyalty of modern consumers to national producers of biologically active additives .
Possibilities of tropical treatment of bacterial ENT infections
Authors: Shamkina P. A. , Krivopalov A. A. , Panchenko P. I. , Ryazantsev S. V.
Published: December 2021

The overuse and inappropriate use of systemic antibiotics is the most serious cause of problems associated with the increasing resistance of bacterial pathogens. What served as the basis for WHO to call the XXI century “The era of antibiotic resistance”. The wide spread of resistant strains of microorganisms, the growth of severe and complicated forms of diseases leads to an increase in the frequency of unfavorable treatment outcomes. In the Russian Federation, an increase in the incidence of acute rhinosinusitis from 4.6 to 12.7 cases per 1000 population has been noted in the last decade. The incidence of acute rhinosinusitis in Europe is recorded in 6.4 ± 3.6 of all cases of visits to primary care physicians. Up to 38% of outpatients in the ENT profile suffer from various forms of otitis media, including up to 30% of acute otitis media. The most important way to overcome the global problem of antibiotic resistance, along with the delayed use of systemic antibacterial drugs initiated by the world medical community, is to switch to the active use of topical drugs with antimicrobial activity. The article provides an overview of the data of domestic and foreign literature on the properties of a topical antibacterial drug with the active ingredient hydroxymethylquinoxaline dioxide. The results of experimental work and clinical studies, proving the high efficacy and safety of the drug in the complex treatment of bacterial infections of the upper respiratory tract, have been analyzed.
Drugs associated with DIP
Authors: Ostroumova T. M. , Ostroumova O. D. , Soloveva A. S.
Published: December 2021

Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) is one of the most frequent extrapyramidal disorders that develops against the background of prescribing a large number of medications. Initially, DIP was described as an adverse drug reactions (ADRs) against the background of the use of antipsychotic drugs, but later recognized as ADRs of a number of other drugs, including prokinetics, antidepressants, calcium channel blockers and antiepileptic drugs. The relative risk of developing LIP on the background of taking typical antipsychotics increased by 2.92 times compared to patients who do not take these drugs. The risk of developing DIP in patients receiving flunarizine is increased by 2.75-4.07 times. The risk of DIP with the use of antidepressants is increased by 2.14 times, among the drugs of this group with an increased risk of DIP, the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors is most often associated with DIP (relative risk 1.24). Among other antidepressants, there is evidence of the development of DIP against the background of the use of duloxetine, mirtazapine, amitriptyll clomipramine, venlafaxine, trazodone. Among anticonvulsants, DIP can rarely develop against the background of the appointment of valproic acid, gabapentin, pregabalin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine. The risk of DIP in patients receiving metoclopramide is extremely low (0.06%), but it is 2.16 times higher compared to people who do not take this drug. Among drugs from other groups, DIP can occur against the background of the use of lithium carbonate, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, amiodarone, captopril, amphotericin B. If DIP develops, it is necessary, if possible, to reduce the dose or cancel the inducer drug, or replace it with another drug with minimal risk of DIP. Symptoms of DIP most often regress within a few weeks or months after dose reduction or withdrawal of the drug inducer. If the symptoms persist longer, it is necessary to exclude the presence of Parkinson’s disease or dementia with with Lewy bodies.
Meloxicam in pain syndrome treatment of comorbid diseases patients
Authors: Shavlovskaya O. A. , Bokova I. A. , Shavlovskiy N. I.
Published: December 2021

The issue nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use safety is associated with a high frequency of adverse events (AEs) from the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular risks. Patients with lower back pain (LBP) and osteoarthritis (OA), as a rule, have comorbid diseases, such as arterial hypertension (AH), coronary heart disease (CHD), gastrointestinal tract (GIT) diseases, which significantly complicates the appointment of NSAIDs. The main guideline in NSAIDs appointment is the selective ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX). The ratio of the activity of NSAIDs when blocking COX-1/COX-2 allows us to judge their potential toxicity. And, then higher the selectivity of NSAIDs, then lower its toxicity. For example, the ratio of COX-1/COX-2 in meloxicam is 0.33, diclofenac – 2.2, tenoxicam – 15, piroxicam – 33, indomethacin – 107. To the predominantly selective COX-2 NSAIDs include meloxicam, which has little effect on the GIT, the lowest relative risk (RR) of complications from the cardiovascular system (CVS). The therapeutic efficacy of meloxicam is comparable to piroxicam and diclofenac. A number of studies have shown the high efficacy of meloxicam, both with per oral (p/o) administration (7.5–15 mg/d), and with intramuscular (i/m) administration (1.5 ml), and when injected into trigger zones. Both with p/o and the injectable form of meloxicam has minimal GIT AEs and absence local reaction in the injection area. The drug can be recommended both as a combination therapy and prescribed in monotherapy.
AS MALSUCEDIDAS BUSCAS DE MINERAIS EM MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Faria Luciano , Filgueiras Carlos
Published: December 2021

THE UNSUCCESSFUL MINERALS SEARCH IN MINAS GERAIS. After extracting practically all the gold and diamonds from the captaincy of Minas Gerais, Brazilian and foreign politicians and naturalists were looking for new sources of wealth in the form of ores. However, the news of the discovery of copper and cobalt mineral deposits, made by José Vieira Couto (a naturalist from the city of Diamantina), were discredited because the locations indicated or even the analysis performed may have been done incorrectly or even intentionally altered by the naturalist in order to draw the attention of the Portuguese Crown or seeking ways of obtaining social and political promotion among the colony’s governors.
Effect of mounting and fluid parameters on dynamic damping characteristics of a hydraulic damper
Authors: Wang Wenlin , Li Rongyong , Zhu Shan , Wu Yongming
Published: December 2021

A mathematical model describing the dynamic damping characteristics (DDC) of a high-speed rail hydraulic damper is built and experimentally validated, followed parameter effect simulation on DDC of the damper is conducted by using the model. Simulation results show that the change of rubber attachment stiffness and entrapped air ratio would have apparent influence on Force-displacement characteristics of the damper, i.e., increasing of rubber attachment stiffness k0 would increase the main damping indices, but increasing of entrapped air ratio ε would decrease all of the dynamic damping characteristic indices apparently, so this implies that air entrapment of the fluid would apparently decrease the elasticity modulus of the fluid and weaken the dynamic characteristics of the damper. The established damper model and obtained result would be useful in the context of high-speed train research and design.
Numerical simulation of flow characteristics in vertical elbows of pneumatic conveying
Authors: Liu Dongdi , Du Kangjia , Qin Si , Zhou Xiaojun
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the numerical simulation method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to establish the flow field model of elbow, including the determination of the applicable gas-solid two-phase flow model and the establishment of the actual basic fluid dynamics equations. After meshing the elbow with ICEM software, the effects of air velocity, bend diameter ratio and other factors on the flow characteristics of the elbow pneumatic conveying are simulated based on FLUENT software. The results show that in the pneumatic conveying with vertical elbows, the flow characteristics of gas-solid two-phase flow have obvious differences with the changes of many factors.
A method of reverse seeking material parameters by using finite element optimization algorithm
Authors: Jiang Dayong , Li Peiran , Qiu Bin , Chen Jingchang
Published: December 2021

This paper mainly studies a reverse engineering of material parameters through finite element optimization algorithm based on free modal test results, focusing on free modal test and establishment of finite element optimization model. The elastic modulus and density of the material can be solved by the finite element optimization algorithm to ensure the accuracy of the simulation results. When the accurate material parameters are obtained, the accuracy of abnormal sound simulation can be improved. It plays a guiding role in the development of vehicle BSR performance, so as to improve the ride comfort of the vehicle.
Acoustic characterization of an on-site machining operation
Authors: Langrand Christopher , Albert Antoine , Masset Maxime
Published: December 2021

On-site machining is a specific domain where damaging vibrations can be generated by the dynamic interaction between the tool and the workpiece. These vibrations are often the cause of the degradation of the machined part and the cutting tool. It is necessary to suppress and/or control this phenomenon. We have therefore developed in this paper our experimental investigation of the on-site machining dynamic behaviour through the acoustic field. The experimental results show the trends adopted by the main frequency peaks with numerous experimental conditions while on-site machining. This first approach is part of a larger goal, which is the in-situ detection of on-site machining defects through Acoustic.
Mathematical modeling of forced oscillations of semidefinite vibro-impact system sliding along rough horizontal surface
Authors: Korendiy Vitaliy , Gursky Volodymyr , Kachur Oleksandr , Gurey Volodymyr , Havrylchenko Oleksandr , Kotsiumbas Oleh
Published: December 2021

The paper considers the motion conditions of a semidefinite vibratory system placed upon a rough horizontal surface. Such systems are sometimes called unrestrained or degenerate ones, and are usually used in various vibration-driven robots and capsules. Unlike the numerous existent investigations dedicated to a similar subject, the novelty of the present paper consists in the implementation of a crank mechanism for exciting oscillations of a double-mass vibro-impact system setting into planar locomotion a robot’s movable body. A general design diagram of the improved semidefinite vibro-impact system is proposed, and the corresponding mechanical diagram is considered. The differential equations describing the system sliding (planar locomotion) along a rough horizontal surface are derived. A thorough analysis of the main inertia-stiffness, design, and excitation parameters influencing the system motion conditions is carried out. Performing the numerical modeling in MathCad software, the dynamic behavior of the robot’s movable body is studied under the specified system’s parameters and operational conditions.
Feature-based performance of SVM and KNN classifiers for diagnosis of rolling element bearing faults
Authors: Jamil Mohd Atif , Khan Md Asif Ali , Khanam Sidra
Published: December 2021

Rolling element bearings (REBs) are vital parts of rotating machinery across various industries. For preventing breakdowns and damages during operation, it is crucial to establish appropriate techniques for condition monitoring and fault diagnostics of these bearings. The development of machine learning (ML) brings a new way of diagnosing the fault of rolling element bearings. In the current work, ML models, namely, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), are used to classify the faults associated with different ball bearing elements. Using open-source Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) bearing data, machine learning classifiers are trained with extracted time-domain and frequency-domain features. The results show that frequency-domain features are more convincing for the training of ML models, and the KNN classifier has a high level of accuracy compared to SVM.
A Survey on Two Viruses Extensions of Epidemic Model with Continuous and Impulse Control
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Gubar Elena , Taynitskiy Vladislav ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: December 2021

The current study represents a survey on several modifications of compartment epidemic models with continuous and impulse control policies. The main contribution of the survey is the modification of the classical Susceptible Infected Recovered (SIR) model with the assumption that two types of viruses are circulating in the population at the same time. Moreover, we also take into consideration the network structure of the initial population in two-virus SIIR models and estimate the e ectiveness of protection measures over complex networks. In each model, the optimal control problem has been formalized to minimize the costs of the virus spreading and find optimal continuous and impulse antivirus controllers. All theoretical results are corroborated by a large number of numerical simulations.
Nash Bargaining Solution as Negotiation Concept for Resource Allocation Problem with Groves-Ledyard Mechanism
Authors:   V.A.Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Korgin Nikolay A. , Korepanov Vsevolod O. ,   V.A.Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

Motivated by research works on Zeuthen-Hicks bargaining, which leads to the Nash bargaining solution, we analyze experimental data of resource allocation gaming with Groves-Ledyard mechanism. The games were designed in the form of negotiation to allow players to reach consensus. Behavior models based on best response, constant behavior, and Nash bargaining solution are defined. Analysis conducted over decisions made by participants shows that a significant share of all decisions leads to an increase of the Nash bargaining value. It is even higher than the share of decisions that are in agreement with the best-response concept. Consensusended games show light attraction to the Nash bargaining solution, it's less than we obtained in games with the mechanism of Yang-Hajek from another class of so-called proportional allocation mechanisms. We discuss differences of consensus-ended games from timeout-ended games, what decisions lead to the situations with the Nash bargaining value increasing and differences between balanced mechanism Groves-Ledyard and unbalanced mechanism Yang-Hajek.
A Categorical Characterization of a ①-Iteratively De ned State of Common Knowledge
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Del Sur, Tohmé Fernando , Caterina Gianluca ,   Center for Diagrammatic and Computational Philosophy, Endicott College, Gangle Rocco ,   Center for Diagrammatic and Computational Philosophy, Endicott College
Published: December 2021

We present here a novel approach to the analysis of common knowledge based on category theory. In particular, we model the global epistemic state for a given set of agents through a hierarchy of beliefs represented by a presheaf construction. Then, by employing the properties of a categorical monad, we prove the existence of a state, obtained in an iterative fashion, in which all agents acquire common knowledge of some underlying statement. In order to guarantee the existence of a fixed point under certain suitable conditions, we make use of the properties entailed by Sergeyev's numeral system called grossone, which allows a finer control on the relevant structure of the infinitely nested epistemic states.