bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LAYANAN KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK REFRAMING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN IDENTITAS DIRI SISWA
Authors: Moh Ananda Gemilang
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji penerapan konseling kelompok dengan Teknik Reframing untuk meningkatkan identitas diri siswa Kelas X SMKN 8 Pandeglang Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif, pre-test post-test one group design. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket untuk mengetahui tingkat identitas diri siswa kelas X SMKN 8 Pandeglang. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 8 siswa yang memiliki identitas diri rendah. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah ststistik parametrik menggunakan uji t dua sampel berpasangan (paired sample t Test ). Hasil menunjukan nilai rata-rata post-test lebih besar daripada nilai rata-rata pre-test, hal ini menunjukan bahwa ada peningkatan dari identitas diri siswa sesudah diterapkan layanan konseling kelompok dengan Teknik reframing. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan bahwa signifikansi yang diperoleh sebesar 0,000, yang mana lebih kecil dari 0,05, dengan demikian Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hal ini berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara identitas diri siswa sebelum dan sesudah diterapkannya layanan konseling kelompok dengan Teknik reframing.
Pengembangan Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Board Game untuk Siswa yang Mengalami Kekerasan Emosional
Authors: Rahadiz Alyezca Disya , Susi Fitri  , Eka Wahyuni
Published: May 2024

Penelitian jenis pengembangan dengan menggunakan metode Design By Research ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk berupa papan permainan dengan pendekatan Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) pada isu kekerasan emosional untuk peserta didik tingkat SMP. Pengumpulan data menggunakan adaptasi Emotional Abuse Questionnare (EAQ), pedoman wawancara, instrumen uji ahli materi, instrumen uji media, dan instrumen uji pengguna. Analisis data menggunakan uji validitas dan reliabilitas analisis, statistik deskriptif (kategorisasi dan presentase). Tinjauan lapangan berupa penyebaran angket didapatkan total 310 siswa, wawancara siswa, dan guru bimbingan dan konseling. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa CBT board game dengan mengakomodir life events, early learning & inhiretence biological, automatic thought, core belief & cognitive distortions & automatic thought, serta reactions (pemikiran, emosional dan perilaku), dan juga dispute, pemikiran baru, planning, dan homework dari konsep CBT dengan fokus isu kekerasan emosional. Hasil uji ahli materi mendapatkan nilai sangat layak. Kemudian hasil uji ahli media 1 mendapatkan nilai layak. Sedangkan uji ahli media 2 mendapatkan nilai sangat layak. Kemudian, hasil refleksi dengan uji pengguna ke salah satu guru BK mendapatkan nilai sangat layak. Maka dapat disimpulkan CBT board game layak untuk digunakan untuk konseling seting sekolah. Meskipun sudah dinyatakan layak, peneliti berharap CBT board game dilakukan uji coba secara komprehensif dan skala besar agar tingkat efektifitas dan kegunaannya optimal.
Analysis Of The Value For Money In Measuring The Financial Performance Of Pamekasan District Government For Fiscal Year 2017-2021
Authors: Asti Talitha Rahima Widya Paramesti  , Diah Armeliza  , Hera Khairunnisa
Published: May 2024

Abstract
 
This study to determine the financial performance Government of Pamekasan Regency by using the Value for Money concept to measure the level of economical, eficiency and ef ectiveness of the regional finance of the Pamekasan Regency for the 2017- 2021 fisical year. The research used secondary data from the Pamekasan Regency Regional Revenue and Financial Management agency website. This research was conducted by taking data for 5 years. This research is a descriptive study with the object being studied is the data of the Financial Report of Pamekasan Regency Local Government which is the Government’s Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget Realization Report (RAPBD). The data collection method used is documentation. The data analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive analysis. Based on the results of research on local financial performance Government of Pamekasan regency using the Value for Money concept based on 3 main ratio such as economy, efficiency, effectiveness.
The results of the research from an economic level are that in the 2017 to 2021 budget year, the Pamekasan Regency Government succeeded in achieving an economic performance level of between 80.4% and 88% with the "economic" criteria. The average economic level for 5 years is 83.58%, which means it is in the economic category. In terms of efficiency, the research results show that the efficiency level of the Pamekasan Regency Government's financial performance in 2017-2018 was efficient and in 2019-2021 it was inefficient. The average efficiency level for 5 years is 100.003%, which means it is in the inefficient category. The results of calculating the level of effectiveness of the Pamekasan Regency Government's financial performance in 2017-2018 were in the "effective" category and in 2019-2021 described "ineffective" in revenue management with an average effectiveness level of 100.7%.
Based on the results of these studies, the Value for Money concept is very good to be applied to the Government of Pamekasan Regency because it can comprehensive performance overview.
Keyword: Value for Money; Regional Financial Performance; economy, efficiency, effectiveness.
Initiation Of A Marketplace-Based Creative Freelance Service Provider To Optimize Msmes Digital Marketing In Indonesia
Authors: Nailis Sa'adah  , Nony Rahmawati  , Aulia Dewi Puspita  , Risanda Alirastra Budiantoro
Published: May 2024

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is a sector that has a major contribution to the Gross Domestic Product. However, there are still many problems faced by MSMEs, including digital marketing. One of the causes of these problems is the lack of skills of MSMEs actors in the creative field. Beside that, the number of creative freelancers continuously increase as well. These two conditions are the right momentum to create an innovation that can make it easier for MSMEs actors to optimize their marketing. Therefore, this paper aims to provide alternative solutions for MSMEs actors in assisting to optimize digital marketing more effectively and efficiently. This writing uses a qualitative approach with a Business Model Canvas (BMC) as the analysis tool. The result of this writing is the creation of an application for providing freelance worker services in the field of creative work to optimize MSMEs marketing. This application carries the marketplace concept, which can make it easier for MSMEs actors to find freelancers who offer services in the field of digital marketing.
Investigating the Impact of the of Technological Developments, Environmental Quality, and Economy on Tourism Receipts in Indonesia
Authors: Sulistiyowati Maya , Rahmayani Dwi
Published: May 2024

This paper uses a panel technique to investigate the relationship between Technological Developments, Environmental, and GDP Quality on Tourism Receipts in Indonesia (including 33 provinces) for the 2011-2022 period. As a country with rich natural, cultural and ancestral heritage, Indonesia has the potential to attract foreign tourists. Especially with technological advancements that have made tourism promotion possible on a massive scale. On the other hand, an increase in the number of tourists has an impact on the environment as explained in the theory of the Environmental Kuznet Curve (EKC). The research method used is Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) model and Granger causality test. Environmental quality is measured through the Environmental Quality Index indicator. Meanwhile, technology development is measured through the Information and Communication Technology Development Index. The research results explain that Economy, Environmental Quality, and Technological Developments have a positive impact on Tourism Receipts in Indonesia. Therefore, it is important for the government to utilize digital technology to introduce Indonesia's tourism wealth. The increase in tourists must also be accompanied by efforts to protect the environment so that it does not have a negative impact on environmental damage.
The The Effect Of Firm Size, Growth Opportunity And Net Working Capital On Cash Holding In Main Board Healthcare Sector Companies Listed On The Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Zalsabila Yanti , Nuramal  , Anwar
Published: May 2024

This research aims to test and analyze the influence of firm size, growth opportunity and net working capital on cash holding. The population used in this research is main board healthcare sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020-2022 using a purposive sampling method, so the total sample for this research is 36 financial report data from main board healthcare companies listed on the IDX for 3 years. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear analysis method and hypothesis testing. The results of this research show that firm size has no effect on cash holding, growth opportunity has no effect on cash holding and net working capital has a significant positive effect on cash holding.
Fostering Creative and Critical Thinking Skills through Collaborative Learning: A Theoretical Approach
Authors: Muawiyah Siti Neno
Published: May 2024

This study aims to improve students' creative and critical thinking skills by using a collaborative learning model. The problem studied is the low motivation of students to learn, students who are less creative and not critical, so a collaborative learning model is needed. The method used is qualitative with literature and literature studies, theoretically and historically analyzing the development of learning models. The results of this study consistently show that collaborative learning has a positive impact on the development of students' creative and critical thinking skills. Collaborative learning allows students to interact, share ideas and work together to achieve common learning goals. In this way, they can gain deeper understanding, solve problems creatively and develop their critical thinking skills. In other words, collaborative learning is an effective approach to improving students' thinking ability in various aspects. This study also explains the theoretical measurement factors for future researchers and describes, explains and measures the development of learning models based on theoretical studies.
The Influence of Digital Leadership on Organizational Performance in Jakarta
Authors: Nurshinta  , Vira Deyana Cindy  , Osly Usman
Published: May 2024

Digital technology's transformative influence in business is undeniable, reshaping strategies and operations. Embracing this change goes beyond tech adoption it requires aligning culture, structure, and people with the evolving landscape. Digital leadership is crucial in navigating this realm, impacting job motivation, innovation, and overall performance. However, the relationship between digital leadership, employee performance, and digital culture is complex and context-dependent. The study aims to investigate the impact of digital leadership on organizational performance, with digital culture, digital technology, and digital marketing as intervening variables concerning sustainability and organizational performance in Jakarta. It uses a quantitative approach to analyze the numerical relationship between the variables. Utilizing a Purposive Sampling design, the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach will be employed for study analysis, with assistance from the SMARTPLS 4.0 application. Digital culture, marketing, and technology are all has significant influence by digital leadership.  Higher digital leadership positively correlates with increased digital culture, marketing, and technology, while lower digital leadership negatively affects these aspects. Digital culture significantly influences organizational performance. Meanwhile, digital marketing shows a positive influence on performance but lacks significance. Digital technology positively and significantly affects organizational performance. Prioritize the enhancement of digital leadership to advance digital culture, marketing strategies, and technological implementation within organizations. Examine how digital culture contributes to organizational performance, emphasizing a culture fostering innovation, adaptability, and collaboration.
Does Climate Policy Affect The Price And Volume Of Indonesian Coal Exports?
Authors: Widati Sekar Tri
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the impact of climate policies, such as the ParisAgreement and its derivatives, the Gasglow climate pact, on the reference coal priceand its effect on the volume of Indonesian coal exports. A qualitative approach,utilizing secondary data from various international level journals, data from theMinistry of Energy and Mineral Resources, the World Bank, and other relevantsources, was employed. The research method utilized literature study. The results ofthis study indicate Climate policies the Paris Agreement, the Glasgow Climate Pact,and benchmark coal price on Indonesia's coal export volume is limited do not have anotable effect the volume of coal exports do not significantly impact the reference.Recommendation for Policy makers should conduct a comprehensive assessment ofcoal export policies, with a particular focus on their alignment with the commitmentsoutlined in the Paris Agreement and the Glasgow Climate Pact. This assessmentshould include an examination of emissions targets and whether or not coal exportsare at odds with them.
Detection of the invasive tree species Hovenia dulcis Thumb. (Rhamnaceae) in an urban remnant of Atlantic Forest through Remote Sensing techniques combined with RGB images obtained by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
Authors: Wiesel Patrik Gustavo , Schroeder Marcos Henrique , Bruno Deprá , Salgueiro Bianca Junkherr , Barreto Betina Mariela , de Santana Eduardo Rodrigo Ramos , Köhler Andreas , Lobo Eduardo Alcayaga
Published: May 2024

The invasive Hovenia dulcis is considered the main invasive species in the Atlantic Forest, capable of altering environmental conditions on a local scale and producing profound changes in the composition of the plant community. Combining images obtained by drones and satellite imagery can make forest monitoring more efficient. It enables a more efficient and targeted response to contain the spread of invasive species. Additionally, phytosociological studies can contribute to understanding the structure of the native tree community and the impacts generated by biological invasion. This research aimed to use CBERS4-A satellite images with a high-resolution suitable for applying land use and land cover classification methods. Automatic supervised object-directed classification was performed through the Dzetsaka Classification Tool, using the Gaussian Mixture Model method. 150 hectares of georeferenced orthomosaics obtained through drones was using to confirm the identification of the invader. The entire area was traversed to determine the tree community, and 72 random sample plots were established, each with a fixed area of 100 m². Calculated indices of Shannon Index (H’) = 3.65 and Uniformity (J’) = 78% demonstrate that the plant community has a high diversity of species. H. dulcis had the highest number of sampled individuals (146), being the species with the highest Relative Density (9.14) within the community, and the second-highest in Relative Frequency (5.10%), Coverage Importance Value (8.85%), and Importance Value Index (7.60%). The methodology employed for invader identification through satellite and drone images allowed for rapid and precise data collection, covering an area of 86.44 hectares.
Protocol for the development and piloting of a cluster randomised controlled trial for stress prevention, management, and coping mechanism among police officers in Nigeria
Authors: Oluwasanu Mojisola , Oladeji Bibilola , Oluwatobi Hussain , Titiloye Musibau , Adefolarin Adeyinka , Osondu Unogu , Okafor Patrick , Ajayi Olayinka , Uvere Ezinne , Ajuwon Ademola J.
Published: May 2024

Background Policing is a stressful occupation. Police officers are exposed to stressors that are inherent in the organization and operations of the law enforcement institution. Similar to their counterparts around the world, many Nigeria police officers are exposed to high levels of stress, making them vulnerable to stress-related mental health conditions and other non-communicable diseases. Despite these risks and their consequences to the health and safety of police officers and the larger society, interventions are currently not available to address this challenge in Nigeria. The current study is designed to address this knowledge gap. This pilot study aims to assess the burden of stress from a national sample of police officers and test the feasibility of an intervention for stress prevention, management, and coping mechanisms among police officers in Nigeria.Methods This is a three-phase study (1) a needs assessment and situational analysis using a mixed methods approach to determine the prevalence of stress and mental health burden among 1200 police officers in four randomly selected states in four geo-political zones of the country (2) the development of a peer-led intervention for stress prevention, management, and coping mechanism which will be tested using a cluster randomized trial among 200 police officers and (3) the preliminary evaluation of the intervention based on knowledge about stress management and mental disorders and psychological distress and reduction in stress levels. These measures will be obtained at baseline, immediate, and six months post-intervention. Feasibility will be determined based on enrollment rate, attendance and completion of the group sessions. Linear regression models taking into account clustering effects will be used to estimate between-group differences in outcome measures.Discussion Findings from the study will inform policy review and the development of a pragmatic intervention on stress prevention and management among police officers. This will enhance the policing role of officers, thus contributing to the safety of the communities they serve.Trial registration PACTR Registry: PACTR202310474721238. Registered on 6 October, 2023, https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=25663
A process parameters decision approach considering spindle vibration in helical surface milling for minimizing energy consumption and surface roughness value
Authors: Zhang Weifeng , Sun Xingwei , Yang Heran , Liu Yin , Dong Zhixu , zhao Hongxun , Mu Shibo , Chen Jiahao
Published: May 2024

The concavity and convexity of complex helical surface makes it the characteristic of variable feed speed and load processing, which leads to long machining time, high energy consumption power for material removal. The concavity and convexity of complex surfaces exacerbate spindle vibration during milling, resulting in poor machining quality and high energy consumption. For the high quality and low energy consumption machining of helical surface, this paper proposes a method of optimising the energy consumption of process parameters of CNC milling machine for helical groove considering spindle vibration. Firstly, based on the orthogonal test data, the influence of process parameters on spindle vibration, etc. is analysed, and the empirical model of spindle vibration is established through process parameters. Aiming at the prediction error caused by the multicollinearity problem of the energy consumption mechanism model due to the regression fitting method, it is proposed to construct an energy consumption error compensation model based on the data-driven by improved stochastic configuration network algorithm through the use of process parameters, and to combine the mechanism model with the error compensation model, so as to improve the prediction accuracy of the machining energy consumption. Finally, the multi-objective optimisation problem of the helical surface milling is solved by the improved non-dominated sorting algorithm, which is verified by actual machining comparison with expeeience process parameters. The results show that the optimised machining energy consumption is reduced by 17.52% and the surface roughness value is reduced by 6.07%, which proves that the method proposed in this paper can provide certain theoretical support for the machine tool industry to achieve green manufacturing.
Paradox in climate change mitigation: behavioural attitudes among residents of Sri Lankan households
Authors: Kalubowila Kasuni , Arambepola Carukshi
Published: May 2024

Three focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted among residents already practising climate change mitigative activities, low-income urban communities and rural residents to identify the behavioural attitudes on climate mitigation in households in the district of Colombo. Eight adult residents aged 18 years or above were purposively selected for each discussion. The principal investigator conducted all discussions with the assistance of a note-taker, using a semi-structured FGD guide. The thematic analysis was carried out to identify the beahvioural attitudes. Of the 24 participants, 14 were men and 10 were women, while 10 were < 40 years of age. Views on the existance of climate change were based on recent increase in temperature and natural disasters. Behavioural attitudes on climate change mitigation were generated under several themes: causes for climate change, perceptions on vulnerability to effects of climate change, negative attitudes towards climate mitigation, new technologies used for climate mitigation, carbon tax, green test and views on government responsibilities towards climate mitigation. The findings showed that behavioural attitudes are more driven by poor scientific knowledge, poverty and cultural beliefs which should be addressed by mitigative actions.
COVID19 Spike protein enhances cytosol Ca2+ release from ER for its infection through stimulating the association between ACE2 and STIM1
Authors: Kim Kiwol , Lee Eun Jeoung , KANG SANG SUN
Published: May 2024

The property and signaling mechanisms of the angiotensin produced by ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) have been well studied in the renin–angiotensin system. However, less attention has been attracted to the intracellular regulation of ACE2 protein.
Using the information which [671RKKFPLKIFKKPLKK685] motif of STIM1(stromal interaction molecule 1 precursor) is able to bind its partner proteins via two acidic amino acids (DD), we recognized that ACE2 contains the short acidic motif binding motif [799DD800] on its C-terminus. Moreover, we demonstrated that the protein interaction between STIM1 and ACE2 contributes to Ca2+ ion release from ER.
We recognized that a novel mechanism of ACE2 regulation is modulated through interaction with STIM1, which binds directly to ACE2 as a COVID19 receptor. Further, our findings provide clues why ACE2 helps to release cytoplasmic Ca2+ from store-operated Ca2+ entry to stimulate viral coat membrane fusion with host plasma membrane, after COVID19 Spike protein binding to ACE2. Our finding also implicates that COVID19 infection enhances cytoplasmic Ca2+ ion concentration by releasing Ca2+ ion from ER, through its S protein association with its host ACE2 and subsequent STIM1 activation. Thus, our findings may provide the novel target point to prevent COVID19 pandemic recurring and cure it.
Simulation of oxygen concentration in the matrix pores at different phases of composting process based on two-region model
Authors: Qin Haiguang , Liu Hongtao , Lu Yulan , Zhang Jun
Published: May 2024

Insufficient O2 concentration in the matrix pores, which is adjusted by air-immobile regions in compost piles, is a main factor in forming anaerobic cores in compost particles and then generating harmful off-gases during composting. However, it is unclear how the change of air-immobile regions affects temporal variation of O2 in the pores during the whole composting process and after turning. In this study, we first used a tracer-inverse calculation protocol to obtain feature parameters (proportional coefficient of gas in the air-immobile region, φ; the first-order mass transfer coefficient, α) of the air-immobile regions in the matrix pores before and after turning during whole composting process, and then predicted the temporal variation of O2 in the pores using two-region model with these measured parameters. The φ values in compost piles for initial-material, temperature-increasing, thermophilic, and curing phases were 0.38/0.40, 0.42/0.40, 0.46/0.46, and 0.41/0.45 before/after turning, respectively, while the corresponding α values were 0.002/0.001, 0.001/0, 0.004/0, and 0.005/0.001 min-1, respectively. The proportion of air-immobile regions was higher in the temperature-increasing and thermophilic phases than in the curing phase. The air-immobile regions caused difference of predicted O2 concentrations between air-mobile and air-immobile regions, and the difference was enhanced during the composting mainly by the rate of organic-matter biodegradation. Turning piles slightly decreased φ in the temperature-increasing phase and had little change in thermophilic phase, while it caused slight increases in φ during other phases. The value of α declined throughout composting process after turning. These findings provide support for reducing the production of harmful off-gases in composting.
Catalysis in frequency space: Resolving hidden surface structure and activity oscillations
Authors: Knudsen Jan , Eads Calley , Klyushin Alexander , Temperton Robert , Küst Ulrike , Boix Virginia , Kraina Azemina , Scardamaglia Mattia , Shavorskiy Andrey , Kokkonen Esko , Schnadt Joachim
Published: May 2024

In situ catalysis studies typically correlate catalytic function and majority surface structures, but neglect that difficult-to-detect minority structures might govern catalysis. Here we use an oscillating CO:O2 gas composition to drive structural oscillations on a catalytically active Pd(100) surface and collect photoelectron spectroscopy data at high measurement frequency to demonstrate that the Fourier-transformed data selectively probe oscillations of minority surface structures and of the gas phase. Using the Fourier transform phase as well as work function shifts in the Fourier-transformed photoemission signal, we synchronize all signals and prove an asymmetric CO2 production above the minority CO- and majority oxide-covered surface areas, without imaging. The methodology is easy to use with other experimental techniques, which enables a wide range of future investigations into minority structure catalysis.
Optimization of Carboxymethyl cellulase production by Bacillus sp. NAB37 and biocatalytic potential in saccharification of acid-alkali pretreated Parthenium hysterophorus
Authors: Saini Anita , Kumar Naveen , Aggarwal Neeraj K.
Published: May 2024

Purpose
The primary objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of using unconventional Parthenium hysterophorus weed biomass for the production of carboxymethyl cellulase using Bacillus sp. NAB37.
Methods
Using P. hysterophorus as a substrate and submerged fermentation conditions in optimization studies helped strain NAB37 make more enzymes. The efficacy of different physiological factors was determined through a two-step approach: first, a one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) investigation, and subsequently, employing the RSM-based CCD method in statistical design. Enzymatic saccharification of alkali-acid-pretreated P. hysterophorus was also used to determine the efficacy of crude cellulase.
Results
The isolate NAB37 was identified by molecular characterization of 16SrDNA. The maximum carboxymethyl cellulase production (5.38 U/ml) was obtained with a temperature of 40°C (A), a pH of 7.5 (B), a substrate concentration of 3.0% w/v (C), and a starch concentration of 1.0% w/v (D). The alkali-acid-pretreated P. hysterophorus biomass was hydrolyzed using the crude enzyme produced under optimal conditions. On utilizing the cellulase enzyme for biomass hydrolysis, a maximum 32.78% saccharification yield (of cellulose, 0.364 g/g) was achieved in 96 h when enzyme and substrate levels were 30 FPU/100 ml and 2% (w/v), respectively.
Conclusion
It is possible to hydrolyze P. hysterophorus biomass enzymatically, producing significant amounts of total reducing sugars. Thus, it can serve as a feedstock for the production of bioethanol.
PAK6 rescues pathogenic LRRK2-mediated ciliogenesis and centrosomal cohesion defects in a mutation-specific manner
Authors: Greggio Elisa , Iannotta Lucia , Fasiczka Rachel , Favetta Giulia , Zhao Yibo , Giusto Elena , Dall'Ara Elena , Wei Jianning , Ho Franz , Ciriani Claudia , Cogo Susanna , Tessari Isabella , Iaccarino Ciro , Liberelle Maxime , Bubacco Luigi , Taymans Jean-Marc , Manzoni Claudia , Kortholt Arjan , Civiero Laura , Hilfiker Sabine , Lu Michael
Published: May 2024

P21 activated kinase 6 (PAK6) is a serine-threonine kinase with physiological expression enriched in the brain and overexpressed in a number of human tumors. While the role of PAK6 in cancer cells has been extensively investigated, the physiological function of the kinase in the context of brain cells is poorly understood. Our previous work uncovered a link between PAK6 and the Parkinson’s disease (PD)-associated kinase LRRK2, with PAK6 controlling LRRK2 activity and subcellular localization via phosphorylation of 14-3-3 proteins. Here, to gain more insights into PAK6 physiological function, we performed protein-protein interaction arrays and identified a subgroup of PAK6 binders related to ciliogenesis. We confirmed that endogenous PAK6 localizes at both the centrosome and the cilium, and positively regulates ciliogenesis not only in tumor cells but also in neurons and astrocytes. Strikingly, PAK6 rescues ciliogenesis and centrosomal cohesion defects associated with the G2019S but not the R1441C LRRK2 PD mutation. Since PAK6 binds LRRK2 via its GTPase/Roc-COR domain and the R1441C mutation is located in the Roc domain, we used microscale thermophoresis and AlphaFold2-based computational analysis to demonstrate that PD mutations in LRRK2 affecting the Roc-COR structure substantially decrease PAK6 affinity, providing a rationale for the differential protective effect of PAK6 toward the distinct forms of mutant LRRK2. Altogether, our study discloses a novel role of PAK6 in ciliogenesis and points to PAK6 as the first LRRK2 modifier with PD mutation-specificity.
Older adults’ immobility: disentangling choice and constraint
Authors: Motte-Baumvol Benjamin , Pélata Julie , Armoogum Jimmy , Bonin Olivier
Published: May 2024

Our research challenges the prevailing notion that immobility only occurs in exceptional circumstances. Our work shows instead a close link with individuals' activity levels and constraints on their schedules. We find that retirees and non-working population groups exhibit higher immobility levels than workers, influenced by factors such as poor health, old age, low income, lack of access to a car, or rural residency. Analyzing data from last French National Transport Survey, we use structural equation models to examine the impact of various factors on immobility. Driving and walking difficulties are significant contributors to immobility, with age being a primary explanatory factor. However, living in dense urban areas tends to reduce immobility levels across household categories. Difficulties with public transport, as such, do not trigger immobility, but they are entangled with walking difficulties. Implications for public action include targeting vulnerable populations, considering age-specific interventions for reducing car dependency, and approaching policies aimed at curbing elderly car use cautiously. Implementing universal design measures to enhance physical accessibility also helps to make mobility smoother and decrease perceived walking difficulties. Finally, this paper underlines the interconnectedness of mobility, social isolation, and sedentary lifestyles, emphasizing the need for qualitative and quantitative research in this area.
Validation of a functional human AD model with four AD therapeutics utilizing patterned iPSC-derived cortical neurons integrated with microelectrode arrays
Authors: Caneus Julbert , Autar Kaveena , Akanda Nesar , Grillo Marcella , Long Chris , Jackson Max , Lindquist Sarah , Guo Xiufang , Morgan Dave , Hickman James J
Published: May 2024

Preclinical methods are needed for screening potential Alzheimer’s disease (AD) therapeutics that recapitulate phenotypes found in the Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) stage or even before this stage of the disease. This would require a phenotypic system that reproduces cognitive deficits without significant neuronal cell death to mimic the clinical manifestations of AD during these stages. A potential functional parameter to be monitored is long-term potentiation (LTP), which is a correlate of learning and memory, that would be one of the first functions effected by AD onset. Mature human iPSC-derived cortical neurons and primary astrocytes were co-cultured on microelectrode arrays (MEA) where surface chemistry was utilized to create circuit patterns connecting two adjacent electrodes to model LTP function. LTP maintenance was significantly reduced in the presence of Amyloid-Beta 42 (Aβ42) oligomers compared to the controls, however, co-treatment with AD therapeutics (Donepezil, Memantine, Rolipram and Saracatinib) corrected Aβ42 induced LTP impairment. The results presented here illustrate the significance of the system as a validated platform that can be utilized to model and study MCI AD pathology, and potentially for the pre-MCI phase before the occurrence of significant cell death. It also has the potential to become an ideal platform for high content therapeutic screening for other neurodegenerative diseases.
Implications of Domestication in Theobroma Cacao L. Seed-borne Microbial Endophytes Diversity
Authors: Toloza-Moreno Deisy Lisseth , Yockteng Roxana , Zuñiga José Ives Pérez , Castillo Cristian Salinas , Caro-Quintero Alejandro
Published: May 2024

The study of plant-microbe interactions is a rapidly growing research field, with increasing attention to the role of seed-borne microbial endophytes in protecting the plant during its development from abiotic and biotic stresses. Recent evidence suggests that seed microbiota is crucial in establishing the plant microbial community, affecting its composition and structure, and influencing plant physiology and ecology. For Theobroma cacao L., the diversity and composition of vertically transmitted microbes have yet to be addressed in detail. We explored the composition and diversity of seed-borne endophytes in cacao pods of commercial genotypes (ICS95, IMC67), AGROSAVIA genotypes (TCS01, TCS19), and landraces from Tumaco (Colombia) (AC9, ROS1, ROS2), to evaluate microbial vertical transmission and establishment in various tissues during plant development. We observed a higher abundance of Pseudomonas and Pantoea genera in the landraces and AGROSAVIA genotypes, while the commercial genotypes presented a higher number of bacteria species but in low abundance. In addition, all the genotypes and plant tissues showed a high percentage of fungi of the genus Penicillium. These results indicate that domestication in cacao has increased bacterial endophyte diversity but has reduced their abundance. We isolated some of these seed-borne endophytes to evaluate their potential as growth promoters and found that Bacillus, Pantoea, and Pseudomonas strains presented high production of indole acetic acid and ACC deaminase activity. Our results suggest that cacao domestication could lead to the loss of essential bacteria for seedling establishment and development. This study improves our understanding of the relationship and interaction between perennial plants and seed-borne microbiota.
Hydrolyzed Cow Colostrum Extract (BCFM) Inhibits Alpha-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis in B16F1 Cells via Regulation of the MC1R-cAMP Signaling Pathway
Authors: Choi Jae Hyeok , Kwak Taeil , Shin Hee Jung , Jo Yang Hee , Kin Jun Il , Kim Youngwha , Kim Junoh , Lee Woo-Ram
Published: May 2024

Cow colostrum is the first milk produced after birth and is a rich natural source of nutrients, immunoglobulins, peptides, and growth factors. The bioconversion of milk and whey changes the immobilization and biochemical characterization. However, the cellular mechanism and the anti-melanin synthesis effects of hydrolyzed cow colostrum extract (BCFM) in alpha-MSH-induced B16F1 cells have not been examined. In this study, we investigated the anti-melanogenesis mechanism by examining the effects of BCFM in alpha-MSH-induced B16F1 cells. Cells were treated with BCFM in the presence or absence of alpha-MSH and co-cultured for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The treatment of B16F1 cells with alpha-MSH resulted in the darkening of the color of the cells and induction of melanin synthesis. In addition, the expression levels of MC1R and cAMP, as well as phosphorylation levels of CREB and PKA, were increased by alpha-MSH treatment. However, concomitant treatment with BCFM resulted in a significant decrease in these factors and phosphorylated MITF. At the same time, the expressive amount of TRP-1 and tyrosinase was also decreased in B16F1 cells. These results demonstrate the potential of BCFM for the prevention of melanogenesis progression via the regulation of the MC1R-cAMP signaling pathway in alpha-MSH-induced B16F1 cells. The administration of BCFM suppressed the expression of TRP-1 and/or tyrosinase by regulating the CREB/MITF signaling pathways in the B16F1 cells. We propose that hydrolyzed cow colostrum extract (BCFM) is suitable for use as a novel active agent for skin whitening or pharmaceutical applications.
Assessment of the Waste Management Strategies of Municipal Wastes in Turkey Concerning "Zero Waste Approach”
Authors: Çetindamar Dilara , Özbay İsmail , Karademir Aykan
Published: May 2024

To prevent the rapid consumption of natural resources in our world, it is of great importance to reintroduce wastes to the economy through recovery and recycling and to determine the circular economy and sustainable waste management strategies of cities. Each city has its own dynamics and consumption habits of the people living in the city. Considering all these, improvements should be made in municipal waste management systems with a zero waste approach and cities should be managed with an optimum waste management system. The basis of the zero waste philosophy; is that the products are the product of another material with endless use throughout their life cycle. With this system, the amount of waste going to final disposal and the need for storage facilities will be reduced, and energy and water will be saved. In cities where population growth and urbanization are rapid, waste characterization data and zero waste index guide local governments to decide on the most appropriate municipal waste management system. In this study, waste characterization data from provinces in Turkey and waste characterization of 7 regions are calculated and presented. The zero index and RWRP rates of the provinces were calculated. Kilis has the highest ZWI of 0.75 followed by Edirne (0.72), Burdur (0.70), and the Muğla (0.65). Kastamonu has the lowest ZWI with 0.28, followed by Şanlıurfa (0.31), and Afyonkarahisar (0.38).
A machine learning model to predict wildfire burn severity for pre-fire risk assessments, Utah, USA
Authors: Klimas Kipling B. , Yocom Larissa L. , Murphy Brendan P. , David Scott R. , Belmont Patrick B. , Lutz James A. , DeRose R. Justin , Wall Sara A.
Published: May 2024

Background
High-severity burned areas can have lasting impacts on vegetation regeneration, carbon dynamics, hydrology, and erosion. Landscape models can predict erosion from burned areas using the differenced normalized burn ratio (dNBR), but so far post-fire erosion modelling has been limited to areas that already burned. Here, we developed and validated a predictive burn severity model that produces continuous dNBR predictions for recently unburned forest land in Utah.
Results
Vegetation productivity, elevation and canopy fuels were the most important predictor variables in the model, highlighting the strong control of fuels and vegetation on burn severity in Utah. Final model out-of-bag R2 was 67.1%, residuals showed a correlation coefficient of 0.89 and classification accuracy into three classes was 85%. We demonstrated that dNBR can be empirically modeled relative to fuels and topography and found burn severity was highest in productive vegetation and at relatively cooler sites.
Conclusions
We found that prediction accuracy was higher when fuel moisture was lower, suggesting drier weather conditions drive more consistent and predictable burn severity patterns across a range of burn severity, vegetation types and geographic locations. Moreover, burn severity predictions from this model can be used to inform hydro-erosion models and subsequent management actions aimed at reducing burn severity and post-wildfire erosion risks.
Characterization of sexual size dimorphism in mandarin fish and association with igfbp-5a/b regulation
Authors: Yao Xiaoli , Zhou Yunhong , Nyirenda Kenneth , Song Yindu , Ma Chenxi , Qian Kelin , Zhao Yan , Tang Shoujie , Zhao Jinliang
Published: May 2024

Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is an important cultured fish in East Asia that shows sexual size dimorphism (SSD), with females growing faster than males when reaching marketable size. However, the regulatory mechanism of SSD is not clear. To characterize SSD of mandarin fish and its association with gh/igf1/igfbp-5expression in female and male, gonadal developmental time-spectra of the females and the males from 1.5 to 4.0 mph were described, and growth parameters, serum levels of E2 and T, as well as the relative expression levels of gh, igf1, and igfbp-5a/b mRNAs were determined. The results showed that the fitting the logistic growth equation of body mass and total length of female and male were W(♀)=667.57/(1+e^(4.19-1.24*t)), W(♂)=582.71/(1+e^(4.07-1.27*t)), L(♀)=31.47/(1+e^1.95-1.08*t)), L(♂)=26.20/(1+e^(2.56-1.5*t)). The month of inflection points for body mass for females and males were 3.37 mph and 3.20 mph, respectively, when the body mass were 333.79 g and 291.36 g. The month of inflection points for total length growth were 1.80 mph and 1.70 mph, respectively, when the total length were 18.52 cm and 16.28 cm. At 1.5-2.0 mph, SSD was not clearly demonstrated. At 3.0 mph, the body mass of the females was significantly higher than that of the males (P < 0.05), E2 content of the females was significantly higher than that of the males (P< 0.05), T content of the males was significantly higher than that of the females (P < 0.05), and the expression level of brain gh and liver igf1 in the females was significantly higher than that of the males (P < 0.05). At 4.0 months of age, the body mass of the females was highly significantly higher than that of the males (P < 0.01), E2 content of the females was highly significantly higher than that of the males (P < 0.05), T content of the males was significantly higher than that of the females (P< 0.05), and the level of liver igf1 expression in the females was significantly higher than that of the males (P < 0.05). With the continuous development of gonads, muscle and liver igfbp-5a and -5b expression generally tends to increase in females and males, while igfbp-5a showed a gradual increasing trend, igfbp-5bexpression showed an "S"-type trend. There was no significant difference in muscle and liver igfbp-5a/b expression between males and females at the age of 1.5-2.0 months (P > 0.05), however, male igfbp-5a/bexpression was significantly higher than female at the age of 3.0-4.0 months (P < 0.05). This work verified that the females had faster growth rate since 3.0 mph compared to the males, which may be related to higher E2 levels in females leading to higher igf1 level, through inhibition of igfbp-5a/b expression.
Pyramid-Shaped Quantum Dot Superlattice Exhibiting Tunable Room-Temperature Superfluorescence via Oriented Attachment
Authors: Liu Xiao , Liu Zheng , Chen Xiya , Yao Ruizhao , Li Lihui , Luo Huanteng , Hyun Byung-Ryool , Li Guangcan
Published: May 2024

Superfluorescence (SF), characterized by the collective emission of photons from a dense ensemble of excited emitters, has emerged as a promising phenomenon for quantum optics and nanophotonics applications. However, SF has historically been limited to extremely low temperatures due to thermal decoherence. Here we show room-temperature tunable SF from perovskite quantum dot (QD) superlattices. Our approach involves the mesocrystallization of CsPbBr3-based QD superlattices driven by oriented attachment, which yields pyramidal-like solids with extended atomic coherency. This level of atomic-scale to nanoscale orientational structure control cannot be realized in previous QD superlattices, and it allows for quantum coherence to persist at ambient conditions. As a result, we observe multiple narrowband coherent emissions at room temperature, which we attribute to SF. Our results establish superlattices as an emerging materials platform capable of robust quantum coherence without cryogenic constraints, opening up new possibilities for quantum optics and nanophotonics applications.
Examining the Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Students’ English Pronunciation: A Study on the Private University Students of Bangladesh
Authors: Hannan Md. Abdul , Sultana Sayma , Zahin Aftab
Published: May 2024

This research examines the complex relationship between university students’ socioeconomic backgrounds and language pronunciation abilities in tertiary level education. It is a quantitative research based on survey method. The required primary and secondary data were collected from the students of Northern University of Business and Technology Khulna and Northwestern University using structured questionnaires that focused on socioeconomic origins, parental influence, educational settings, and language learning motivation. Purposive sampling was used to select 120 participants from a private institution in Khulna who would be relevant to the study’s goals. The collected data was analyzed using regression analysis, correlation analysis, and descriptive statistics, which produced significant associations and predictors of language proficiency. Furthermore, qualitative insights were added to the results through in-depth interviews conducted with a selection of ten students. The findings showed that socioeconomic considerations had a significant impact on language pronunciation abilities. Pupils from wealthier socioeconomic origins demonstrated greater language ability as well as greater enthusiasm for language acquisition. Parental influence and the school setting have been identified as key factors influencing pronunciation abilities. Significant disparities in language competency between kids from wealthy and low socioeconomic backgrounds were found through comparative study. This study highlights the complex aspects of language learning in an academic setting and offers insightful new information to the area. The results highlight how crucial it is to address socioeconomic gaps in order to support fair language development chances for a range of student demographics.