bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Synthesis by Polycondensation of Alkylene and Arylene Bis(fluoroalkyl) Bis(carbonate)s with Diamines
Authors: Hosokawa Sasuga , Nagao Akihiro , Hashimoto Yuka , Matsune Ayako , Okazoe Takashi , Suzuki Chitoshi , Wada Hiroshi , Kakiuchi Toshifumi , Tsuda Akihiko
Published: July 2023

Alkylene and arylene bis(fluoroalkyl) bis(carbonate)s (BFBCs) were quantitatively synthesized through base-catalyzed fluoroalkyl carbonate esterification of diols with bis(fluoroalkyl) carbonates (BFCs). Non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) synthesis was then achieved without a catalyst through polycondensation reactions of BFBCs and a series of diamines in solvent or solvent-free conditions. Compared with the previously reported synthetic methods of NIPUs, this method has the distinct advantage of synthesizing a wide variety of NIPUs including new and commercially available conventional PUs. This method allows the arbitrary synthesis of NIPUs with commonly available diols and diamines used in the industrial production of PUs by the conventional isocyanate method, or with original synthetic ones. Furthermore, when using a solvent, the polycondensation occurred below 100 °C to give a colorless PU having an average molecular weight of over 10000. Transparent films with the characteristic high elasticity of PU could be obtained from a proper combination of BFBC and diamine, one as the hard segment and the other as the soft segment. Then, a novel fluorinated PU was successfully synthesized from a fluoroalkylene BFBC and a diamine. The present new reaction will be a practically available production method of functional NIPUs.
INFORMATION AVAILABLE FROM MANDATORY REPORTS AND THE POSSIBILITY OF APPLYING RANKING METHODS: THE CASE OF POLISH PUBLIC BENEFIT ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Ewa Chojnacka-Pelowska  , Dorota Górecka
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to present the possibility of assessing the economic results of Public Benefit Organizations (PBOs) by using ranking methods. These methods may be used not only by individual donors, but also by local or central government bodies, that decide on subsidies. Due to the lack of unified reporting system for non- profit organizations on a global scale, the additional aim of the paper is to present mandatory reports that must be prepared by Polish PBOs. The theoretical part of the paper is the result of critical review of the law regulations in Poland and the literature in the field of non-profit reporting. The case study part of the paper is based on the example of PBOs from one of Polish voivodeships, operating in the field of ‘Sport and recreation’. In the analysis conducted an approach called MAMIMCA – Multiple Assessment Multiple Importance Multiple Criteria Analysis – was used to determine the most suitable PBOs for co-funding. In the evaluation performer nineteen different criteria were taken into account, two well-known multi-criteria decision-aiding (MCDA) techniques were used (PROMETHEE II and TOPSIS) and two various vectors of weights were applied. As a result, the ranking of ten selected PBOs was received allowing to obtain a comprehensive picture of entities considered.
A comparative analysis of interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility of the Oswestry-Bristol Classification and the Dejour Classification for trochlear dysplasia of the knee
Authors: Roy Kunal D. , Joshi Pushkar , Ali Ibrahim , Shenoy Pritom M. , Malek Ibrahim , Barlow David , Syed Asad , Joshi Yogesh
Published: July 2023

Aims

Classifying trochlear dysplasia (TD) is useful to determine the treatment options for patients suffering from patellofemoral instability (PFI). There is no consensus on which classification system is more reliable and reproducible for the purpose of guiding clinicians’ management of PFI. There are also concerns about the validity of the Dejour Classification (DJC), which is the most widely used classification for TD, having only a fair reliability score. The Oswestry-Bristol Classification (OBC) is a recently proposed system of classification of TD, and the authors report a fair-to-good interobserver agreement and good-to-excellent intraobserver agreement in the assessment of TD. The aim of this study was to compare the reliability and reproducibility of these two classifications.

Methods

In all, six assessors (four consultants and two registrars) independently evaluated 100 axial MRIs of the patellofemoral joint (PFJ) for TD and classified them according to OBC and DJC. These assessments were again repeated by all raters after four weeks. The inter- and intraobserver reliability scores were calculated using Cohen’s kappa and Cronbach’s α.

Results

Both classifications showed good to excellent interobserver reliability with high α scores. The OBC classification showed a substantial intraobserver agreement (mean kappa 0.628; p < 0.005) whereas the DJC showed a moderate agreement (mean kappa 0.572; p < 0.005). There was no significant difference in the kappa values when comparing the assessments by consultants with those by registrars, in either classification system.

Conclusion

This large study from a non-founding institute shows both classification systems to be reliable for classifying TD based on axial MRIs of the PFJ, with the simple-to-use OBC having a higher intraobserver reliability score than that of the DJC.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(7):532–538.
Absorption and reduced scattering coefficient estimation in pigmented human skin tissue by experimental colorimetric fitting
Authors: Cruz Junior Luismar B. , Girasol Carlos E. , Coltro Pedro S. , Guirro Rinaldo R. J. , Bachmann Luciano
Published: July 2023

This study aims to estimate the optical properties, absorption (μ
a
), and reduced scattering (μ
s
′) coefficients of ex vivo human skin through the individual typology angle (ITA) by only using the skin color parameters. Human skin samples were grouped according to their ITA value and measured using a colorimeter for validation. An integrating sphere and the inverse adding-doubling algorithm were applied to compute the samples μ
a
and μ
s
′. The μ
a
increases as the ITA decreases. An axis swap was performed to generate the μ
a
versus the ITA for all wavelengths between 500 nm and 800 nm with a spectral resolution of 10 nm. Linearization was performed and a correlation was found. An equation to fit μ
a
based solely on the ITA values was estimated. The μ
s
′ does not change with ITA, but it could be fit with an inverse power law as a function of the wavelength. Both equations have a coefficient of determination (R2) higher than 0.93, indicating a good agreement with our model. An experimental model to estimate the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of ex vivo human skin through ITA was found. The model has high agreement with the experimental data, with an R2 between 0.932 and 0.997, and these findings may be relevant for photobiomodulation and light treatment applications to estimate the effect of the melanin on the therapy.
Low phase noise operation of a cavity-stabilized 698 nm AlGaInP-based VECSEL
Authors: Moriya Paulo Hisao , Lee Martin , Hastie Jennifer E.
Published: July 2023

We report for the first time a high performance, single frequency AlGaInP-based VECSEL (vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-laser) with emission at 698 nm, targeting the clock transition of neutral strontium atoms. Furthermore, we present comprehensive noise characterization of this class-A semiconductor laser, including the residual fast phase noise in addition to the frequency and relative intensity noise. The low noise VECSEL has output power at around 135 mW with an estimated linewidth of 115 Hz when frequency stabilized via the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique to a high finesse reference cavity, without intermediate stabilization. The phase noise is measured to be below −126 dBc/Hz for frequencies between 10 kHz and 15 MHz with a total integrated phase noise of 3.2 mrad, suitable not only for ultra-cold neutral strontium-based quantum technologies, such as optical clocks, but also with potential for atom-interferometry applications.
Sensitivity of confinement losses in optical fibers to modeling approach
Authors: Vandenberge Pieter , Gopalakrishnan Jay , Grosek Jacob
Published: July 2023

A prime objective of modeling optical fibers is capturing mode confinement losses correctly. This paper demonstrates that specific modeling choices, especially regarding the outer fiber cladding regions and the placement of the computational boundary, have significant impacts on the calculated mode losses. This sensitivity of the computed mode losses is especially high for microstructure fibers that do not guide light by total internal reflection. Our results illustrate that one can obtain disparate mode confinement loss profiles for the same optical fiber design simply by moving the boundary to a new material region. We conclude with new recommendations for how to better model these losses.
Topological photonic crystal fiber with honeycomb structure
Authors: Huang Hong , Ning Zhi-Yao , Kariyado Toshikaze , Amemiya Tomohiro , Hu Xiao
Published: July 2023

We analyze a new type of photonic crystal fiber which consists of the core and cladding that distinct in topology by tuning the position of air holes in each hexagonal unit cell where the C6v symmetry is respected. The p-d band inversion between the core and cladding leads to topological interface modes inside the band gap, which can propagate along the fiber with a nonzero momentum in perpendicular to the corss section of a fiber. The helical topological interface modes possess the pseudospin-momentum locking effect inherited from the corresonding two-dimensional photonic crystal characterized by the Z2 topology. The wave functions for the topological interface modes are analytically studied and compared successfully to the numerical results, enlighting a novel way to use photonic crystal fiber to transfer information.
Using Readable English leads to reading gains for rural elementary students: An experimental study
Authors: Coggins Joanne Veatch
Published: July 2023

Objectives

This study measured whether and to what degree Readable English effectively improves reading fluency and comprehension skills of adolescent learners.

Methods

This experimental study (N = 855) measured the efficacy of two different multiple component reading programs for students in grades three, four, and five. Students were pre-and post-tested using EasyCBM Grade Level Reading Benchmarks. Students scoring at/below the 30th percentile on either benchmark were also assessed with the WRMT-3 Passage Reading Comprehension and Oral Reading Fluency measures. Students received 45–60 instructional hours in either Readable English or Amplify CKLA during their regular ELA class.

Results

Students who received Readable English instruction significantly outperformed students in the typical practice condition on all measures of reading fluency and comprehension. The intervention condition’s EasyCBM benchmark reading rate (m = 29.6 WCPM), reading accuracy (m = 3.1%), and comprehension (m = 1.9) surpassed the control group’s reading rate (m = 17.4 WCPM), accuracy (m = 0.7%), and comprehension (m = 0.7) WRMT-3 ORF showed students in the Readable English intervention condition (m = 13.4 growth scale values [GSV] and m = 1.0 grade equivalency) outscored students in the control condition (m = 7.8 GSV and m = 0.5 grade equivalency). WRMT-3 Passage Comprehension showed Readable English students (m = 11.0 GSV and m = 0.9 grade equivalency) outgrew control condition students (m = 4.4 GSV and m = 0.3 grade equivalency).

Conclusions

In a school year fraught with pandemic instructional interruptions and learning loss, students in grades 3–5 who received Readable English instruction closed reading gaps. The meaningful gains in reading rate and accuracy experienced by students in the intervention group will give exponential word reading volume dividends to students able to read text faster and more accurately going forward, helping them become more skilled readers.
Media Governance: A Cosmopolitan Critique, Sarah Anne Ganter and Hanan Badr (eds) (2022)
Authors: Birkinbine Benjamin J.
Published: July 2023

Review of: Media Governance: A Cosmopolitan Critique, Sarah Anne Ganter and Hanan Badr (eds) (2022)

Cham: Springer International Publishing, 318 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-03105-019-0, h/bk, EUR 129.99
Raumplanung in den Niederlanden
Authors: Kragt Robert H.
Published: July 2023

Das Thema Raumplanung hat in den Niederlanden eine reiche Geschichte. Im Mittelpunkt standen dabei immer die Interessen von Mensch und Umwelt. Zum Leitmotiv für die Raumplanung wird nach dem Franzosen Rouge (1947): „Das Suchen nach und das Zustandebringen der bestmöglichen gegenseitigen Anpassung von Raum und Gesellschaft, und zwar um dieser Gesellschaft willen“. Auch heute noch bestimmt dieses Leitmotiv das Handeln der verschiedenen für die Raumplanung zuständigen Instanzen. In dieser Übersicht, die vor allem für die Leser von „Raumforschung und Raumordnung“ als Einführung zum Thema Raumplanung in den Niederlanden gedacht ist, wird dies näher erläutert.Nach einem kurzen historischen Abriß werden in Teil I die formalen Seiten der niederländischen Raumplanungspolitik dargelegt. Der Gesetzesrahmen, die Organe und die unterschiedlichen Pläne werden besprochen. In Teil II wird die Entwicklung der Raumplanung in den Niederlanden anhand der Zielsetzungen und der einzelnen Regierungsberichte zur Raumplanung illustriert.Beide Teile sind unabhängig voneinander gestaltet, so daß der Leser selbst entscheiden kann, ob er sich der formalen oder der inhaltlichen Beschreibung zuwenden möchte.
Beiträge der Informationstechnik für eine effiziente Verkehrsgestaltung
Authors: Cerwenka Peter
Published: July 2023

Mit dem Einsatz moderner Informationstechnik im Verkehrswesen wird eine Vielfalt von visionären Hoffnungen und auch von apokalyptischen Ängsten verbunden. Auch Rückwirkungen des Einsatzes dieser Technik in nichtverkehrlichen Bereichen auf den Verkehrsbereich sind zu erwarten. Die Ambivalenz eines wohl unbestreitbaren Potentials an Effizienzsteigerung der Verkehrsabläufe durch den Einsatz dieser Technik wird offensichtlich, wenn man von der Modellvorstellung einer starren Verkehrsnachfragemenge abgeht und statt dessen einen (bei gleichen Verkehrspreisen) positiv korrelierten Zusammenhang von Verkehrsnachfragemenge und Effizienz unterstellt. Der Beitrag stellt einen Diskurs über diese Ambivalenz dar.
Scene Perception and Visuospatial Memory Converge at the Anterior Edge of Visually Responsive Cortex
Authors: Steel Adam , Garcia Brenda D. , Goyal Kala , Mynick Anna , Robertson Caroline E.
Published: July 2023

To fluidly engage with the world, our brains must simultaneously represent both the scene in front of us and our memory of the immediate surrounding environment (i.e., local visuospatial context). How does the brain's functional architecture enable sensory and mnemonic representations to closely interface while also avoiding sensory-mnemonic interference? Here, we asked this question using first-person, head-mounted virtual reality and fMRI. Using virtual reality, human participants of both sexes learned a set of immersive, real-world visuospatial environments in which we systematically manipulated the extent of visuospatial context associated with a scene image in memory across three learning conditions, spanning from a single FOV to a city street. We used individualized, within-subject fMRI to determine which brain areas support memory of the visuospatial context associated with a scene during recall (Experiment 1) and recognition (Experiment 2). Across the whole brain, activity in three patches of cortex was modulated by the amount of known visuospatial context, each located immediately anterior to one of the three scene perception areas of high-level visual cortex. Individual subject analyses revealed that these anterior patches corresponded to three functionally defined place memory areas, which selectively respond when visually recalling personally familiar places. In addition to showing activity levels that were modulated by the amount of visuospatial context, multivariate analyses showed that these anterior areas represented the identity of the specific environment being recalled. Together, these results suggest a convergence zone for scene perception and memory of the local visuospatial context at the anterior edge of high-level visual cortex.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAs we move through the world, the visual scene around us is integrated with our memory of the wider visuospatial context. Here, we sought to understand how the functional architecture of the brain enables coexisting representations of the current visual scene and memory of the surrounding environment. Using a combination of immersive virtual reality and fMRI, we show that memory of visuospatial context outside the current FOV is represented in a distinct set of brain areas immediately anterior and adjacent to the perceptually oriented scene-selective areas of high-level visual cortex. This functional architecture would allow efficient interaction between immediately adjacent mnemonic and perceptual areas while also minimizing interference between mnemonic and perceptual representations.
Influence of temperature on cracking and mechanical properties of wood during wood drying - A review
Authors: Oltean Laura , Teischinger Alfred , Hansmann Christian
Published: July 2023

The occurrence of cracks and loss of mechanical properties are major problems in wood drying, and careful control of drying conditions is necessary in order to avoid this form of defects. Wood drying at different temperatures, especially high temperatures, has gained much interest in the last several decades. Some solutions for minimizing drying defects, such as cracks and decrease of mechanical properties due to the increase of drying rates, decrease of drying time and thus cost, must be acknowledged and understood. The present review tries to summarize the influence of temperature during kiln drying on the mechanical properties of wood and on the occurrence of cracks.
Humic acid-like matter isolated from green urban wastes. Part II: Performance in chemical and environmental technologies
Authors: Montoneri Enzo , Savarino Piero , Bottigliengo Stefano , Musso Giorgia , Boffa Vittorio , Prevot Alessandra Bianco , Fabbri Debora , Pramauro Edmondo
Published: July 2023

Milled southern pine wood was modified with sequential treatments of sodium periodate and sodium hypobromite for the purpose of improving copper ion (Cu2+) sorption capacity of the wood when tested in 24-h equilibrium batch tests. The modified wood provided additional carboxyl groups to those in the native wood and substantially increased Cu2+ uptake over that of unmodified wood. Sorption capacity (qe) measured with an unbuffered standard solution increased to a maximum of 7.8 mg Cu2+ ion per gram of wood (treated) from 3.1 mg Cu2+ ion/g wood (untreated). Samples tested were first sodium ion exchanged to keep the pH of the standard solution from declining during the sorption test. The treatment necessary for maximum qe was 3% (w/v) periodate for 24 h and 0.8% (w/v) bromine (as hypobromite) for 24 h; both treatments were at room temperature. These conditions corresponded to the maximum periodate concentration and treatment times tested. To further evaluate the efficacy of modification treatments, weight change after each treatment was determined. Weight loss after the periodate stage for any concentration and time used was minor, indicating the selective nature of this reaction. However, most of the weight loss was incurred after hypobromite treatment. Weight loss corresponding to the greatest increase in sorption capacity was 12.6% total from the combined periodate and hypobromite stages. The increase of carboxylate functional groups in the wood was monitored using FTIR/ATR spectroscopy.
Strength enhancement of a fiber network by carboxymethyl cellulose during oxygen delignification of kraft pulp
Authors: Kontturi Eero , Mitikka-Eklund Mia , Vuorinen Tapani
Published: July 2023

Sorption of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on the fiber surface was applied during oxygen delignification to enhance the strength properties of softwood kraft pulp. Unlike many previous efforts, the focus was not set on the improvement of selectivity of oxygen delignification, i.e. retaining stable viscosity vs. decreasing kappa number. Instead, without an improved selectivity, handsheets from CMC-treated fibers exhibited a 15% improvement in tensile index and 25% improvement in tear index after a full bleaching sequence in comparison to the untreated reference pulp. Since it is demonstrated that the CMC addition can be incorporated as an integral step in the fiberline process, the method offers an effortless and viable option to produce pulp resulting in stronger paper products.
Chemical valorization of agricultural by-products: Isolation and characterization of xylan-based antioxidants from almond shell biomass
Authors: Ebringerová Anna , Hromádková Zdenka , Košťálová Zuzana , Sasinková Vlasta
Published: July 2023

The isolation of non-cellulosic polysaccharides from almond shells (AS) and their solid residue (ASR) after autohydrolysis was investigated using a two-step alkaline extraction without and in combination with short ultrasonic treatment. The obtained polysaccharide preparations were characterized by yield, chemical composition, and structural features, and the antioxidant activity of the water-soluble preparations tested. The results showed that the use of ultrasound at a reduced extraction time of 10 min as compared to 60 min of the classical procedure, with a 5% NaOH solution, resulted in the greatest yield of hemicelluloses. The AOA of their water-soluble portion ranged between 48 and 80%, indicating the antioxidant potential of these materials. The xylan polymers isolated from both AS and ASR might serve as biopolymer sources in native form or after targeted modification for production of value-added substances and polysaccharide-based antioxidants applicable in food, cosmetics, and other areas.
Apple diseases: detection and classification using transfer learning
Authors: Assad Assif , Bhat Muzafar Rasool , Bhat Z.A. , Ahanger Ab Naffi , Kundroo Majid , Dar Rayees Ahmad , Ahanger Abdul Basit , Dar B.N.
Published: July 2023

Human diagnosis of horticultural diseases comes with added monetary costs in the shape of time, cost, and acces-sibility, with still considerable possibilities of misdiagnosis. Most common plant diseases present visually recognizable symptoms like change in color, shape, or texture. Deep learning is known to work with such accuracy and precision in recognizing patterns in such visual symptoms that rivals human diagnosis. We specifically designed a deep learning–based multi-class classification model AppleNet to include extra apple plant diseases, which has not been the case with other previously designed models. Our model takes advantage of transfer learning techniques by implementing ResNET 50 Convolutional Neural Network pretrained on image-net dataset. The knowledge of features learned by ResNET 50 is being used to extract features from our dataset. This technique takes advantage of knowledge learned on a larger and more diverse dataset and also saves precious computational resources and time in training on a relatively lesser data. The hyper-parameters were uniquely fine-tuned to maximize the model efficiency. We created our own dataset from the images taken directly from the trees, which, unlike the publicly available datasets created in a controlled setting with smooth (white) background, has been created in a real world environment and includes background noise as well. This helped us train our model in a more realistic way. The results of experimentation on a collected dataset of 2897 images with data augmentation demonstrated that AppleNet can be efficiently used for apple disease detection with a classification accuracy of 96.00%. To examine the effectiveness of our proposed approach, we compared our model with other pretrained models and a baseline model created from scratch. Results of the experiment demonstrate that transfer learning improves the performance of deep learning models and using pretrained models based on residual neural network architectures gives remarkable results as compared to other pretrained models. The mean difference in classification accuracies between our proposed model AppleNet and other experimental models was 21.54%.
SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATIONS:
Authors: An Nguyen Tac
Published: July 2023

KẾT QUẢ HỘI NGHỊ LẦN THỨ 25 CỦA HỘI ĐỒNG ỦY BAN HẢI DƯƠNG HỌC LIÊN CHÍNH PHỦ, (IOC/UNESCO)Ngày 16 - 25/6/2009, Hội đồng Ủy ban Hải dương học Liên Chính phủ (IOC) đã họp phiên XXV tại trụ sở UNESCO, Paris. Tham dự phiên họp có đại diện của 97 quốc gia (có 37 nước không cử đại diện tham gia) và hơn 20 cơ quan và tổ chức quốc tế liên quan. Đoàn Việt Nam gồm có 6 người: Ông Văn Nghĩa Dũng, Đại sứ, Trưởng phái đoàn UNESCO Việt Nam tại Paris; PGS. TSKH. Nguyễn Tác An, Chủ tịch UBQG IOC Việt Nam, (Trưởng đoàn); TS. Bùi Hồng Long, Viện trưởng Viện Hải dương học, Nha Trang; TS. Đỗ Chiến Thắng, Phó Viện trưởng Viện Địa chất và Địa Vật lý biển, Hà Nội; Ông Lưu Trường Đệ, Phó vụ trưởng, Bộ KH&CN Việt Nam; Bà Phùng Thị Ngọc Ánh, Chuyên viên, Ban Biên giới, Bộ Ngoại giao, Việt Nam. Ngoài ra, còn có sự tham gia, hỗ trợ của bà Trần  Thị  Hoàng  Mai,  chuyên  viên  của  phái  đoàn  UNESCO  Việt  Nam  tại  Paris  và  bà Nguyễn Thị Như Phi, nguyên chuyên viên của UNESCO.Người cung cấp thông tin: PGS.TSKH. Nguyễn Tác An , Chủ tịch UBQG IOC Việt Nam
Perangkap dan paradoks mitos kecantikan dalam narasi komik One Piece karya Eichiro Oda: Feminisme Naomi Wolf
Authors: Felayati Safrina Arifiani , Sentana Yuli Mahmudah , Sulistyo Chendy
Published: July 2023

Mitos tentang kecantikan mengukuhkan perempuan sebagai representasi dari keintiman, seksualitas, dan kehidupan sendiri. Naomi Wolf menyebutkan mitos purba tersebut didengungkan dalam peradaban manusia sejak zaman dahulu. Produk-produk kecantikan yang menjamur menunjukan bagaimana kuatnya hegemoni mitos tersebut memengaruhi kehidupan manusia. Tak hanya produk kecantikan tetapi sampai pada ilmu dan kesenian telah lekat dengan mitos kecantikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan narasi mengenai mitos kecantikan pada tokoh perempuan (Nami) dalam serial komik One Piece karya Eichiro Oda. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatis dengan analisis menggunakan teori mitos kecantikan Naomi Wolf. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa masih kental terdapat mitos kecantikan dalam komik One Piece (khususnya serial 1). Tokoh perempuan dalam komik selalu digambarkan bertubuh sempurna, khususnya Nami—berwajah cantik, dada besar menonjol, pinggang kecil, kaki jenjang. Namun secara paradoksal, di balik tubuh ideal seorang perempuan tersebut ternyata berdiam sifat iblis, sifat jahat seperti licik, serakah dan kejam. Mitos kecantikan ini kental menjadikan perempuan sebagai objek yang menarik sasaran pembaca komik yang notabene maskulin. Hal ini sangat berbeda dengan gambaran maskulinitas, dalam komik kaum adam seolah diperbolehkan bermuka hiu atau berbadan panda.
Analysis of code-mixing in the novel Antares by Rweinda: A sociolinguistics approach
Authors: Anggraeni Pradina Anugrah , Fidiyanti Murni
Published: July 2023

Code-mixing is a phenomenon where two or more languages are combined in speech or writing. It occurs when individuals use elements from different languages within a single utterance, whether it be a word, phrase, or clause. Code-mixing is not limited to oral communication; it is also prevalent in written forms, including literary works such as novels. One of the novels that employs code-mixing is Antares by Rweinda. The characters in the novel utilize code-mixing to communicate with each other. Therefore, this study addresses two main questions: what are the types and forms of code-mixing present in the novel Antares by Rweinda. The types of code-mixing include inner and outer code-mixing, while the forms of code-mixing encompass words, phrases, and clauses. This study aims to examine and describe the types and forms of code-mixing in Rweinda's novel, Antares. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method to effectively describe the data, focusing on the main research objectives. The results indicated the presence of two types of code-mixing: six instances of inner code-mixing, including Sundanese and Javanese, and thirteen instances of outer code-mixing, such as English and Arabic. Meanwhile, in terms of form, code-mixing was observed in fourteen instances in word forms, where English words dominated. Additionally, five instances were identified in phrase form, also predominantly consisting of English words. However, no instances of code-mixing were found in clause form.
Natural and Synthetic Chalcones: Potential Impact on Breast Cancer
Authors: Dadi Vasudha , Malla Rama Rao , Siragam Satyalakshmi
Published: July 2023

Chalcones are small molecules, naturally found in fruits and vegetables, and exhibit diverse pharmacological activities. They also possess anticancer activity against different tumors. They can be converted into numerous derivatives by modifying hydrogen moieties, enabling the exploration of their diverse anticancer potentials. The main aims are to provide valuable insights into the recent progress made in utilizing chalcones and their derivatives as agents against breast cancer while delivering their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. This review presents anticancer molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways modulated by chalcones. Furthermore, it helps in the understating of the precise mechanisms of action and specific molecular targets of chalcones and their synthetic derivatives for breast cancer treatment.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHANNEL COOLING ENHANCEMENT BY ANGLED, PARALLEL BROKEN, AND RHOMBUS PATTERNED RIBS
Authors: Xing Jiangjiang , Han Shaohua , Zhang Runsheng , Huo Tianyi , Song Yuanyuan , An Na , Zhou Leping , Li Li , Zhang Hui , Du Xiaoze
Published: July 2023

Heating and cooling of fluids play an important role in energy engineering, such as solar air heaters and the internal cooling of gas turbine blades. Heat transfer in the heat exchanger channels can be enhanced by ribs, which will also result in a significant decrease in coolant pressure. In our previous work, a novel bioinspired rib design with a rhombus-shaped pattern was proposed to enhance the channel
cooling. The Nusselt numbers and flow characteristics are further compared to angled and parallel broken ribs in this work. It is interesting to find that the proposed channel with decreasing-height rhombus-shaped patterned ribs exhibits the best heat transfer performance. At the same time, the Nusselt number and friction factor are related to the Reynolds number in the studied range. The surface
with rhombus-shaped patterned ribs shows greater thermal performance factors than that with angled ribs, while the surface with a decreasing-height rib arrangement has the highest thermal performance factor due to a better Coanda effect. This work confirms that the proposed ribs with decreasing height rhombus-shaped patterns are effective for enhancing the internal cooling of the channel.
Using data to develop cost-effective battery-swap networks for electric vehicles
Authors: Zhang Lei , Xia Pengfei , Peng Lijia , Yang Chengwei , Li Jianwu , Lin Jianxin
Published: July 2023

Electric vehicle (EV) development faces the challenges of range anxiety and the high construction and operating costs of charging and battery-swap infrastructure. To address these issues, this paper describes a proposed battery-swap network (BSN) comprising battery-swapping van service points and battery-swap stations to provide local, fast and cost-effective battery-swapping services. A data-driven approach was developed to analyse and model vehicle trajectory data to obtain realistic battery-swap demand distributions. An optimisation model based on location cover was then developed to minimise the cost of a BSN using a greedy algorithm. Real traffic network driving distance was adopted to improve authenticity and accuracy. In a case study, a BSN used a 1 week trajectory data set of taxis in Beijing, China and tested the effects in eight scenarios. The results showed that the mesh size of service points, service radius and coverage rate all had an impact on service quality and cost. It is concluded that a BSN could be cost-effectively deployed by adjusting these parameters to suit the needs of EVs at different development stages. This paper provides a useful reference for decision makers and operators to formulate policies and strategies.
ATUAÇÃO DA FISIOTERAPIA EM CASOS DE VIOLÊNCIA SEXUAL CONTRA MULHERES: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Amorim Taynar Bonifácio de , Sales Weslley Barbosa , Araújo Josefa Leandra Machado de , Santos Ivana Fernandes Tôrres , Vidal Giovanna Pontes , Junior Geraldo de Santana
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: evidenciar a eficácia da assistência fisioterapêutica em casos de violência sexual contra mulheres. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, de abordagem descritiva e de caráter qualitativo, que se dá por meio do levantamento de artigos científicos, através das bases de dados da SciELO, PubMED e LILACS. Foi usado o PRISMA para a construção desta revisão, bem como a estratégia PICO para elaboração da pergunta norteadora e delimitação do estudo. Resultados e discussões: foi possível identificar que grande parte dos cuidados fornecidos à mulheres vítimas de violência sexual acontece de maneira multidisciplinar, e que o profissional de Fisioterapia comumente é o profissional de primeiro contato nesses casos, nos quais desempenha seus serviços de acolhimento e escuta especializada, bem como tratamento imediato e também tardio. Toda a atuação da Fisioterapia nesse contexto, tem como principal objetivo de proporcionar uma assistência integral e humanizada a estas mulheres, visto que majoritariamente as vítimas possuem sequelas físicas, emocionais e psicossociais que podem se estender por longos anos. Considerações finais: dentro do processo de atendimento, pode se identificar que existem medidas de prevenção e tratamento que a Fisioterapia desenvolve, incluindo campanhas e planos de ação, afim de dar voz as mulheres que estejam em situação de vulnerabilidade, incluindo a educação em saúde e até mesmo sobre as competências legais que estas mulheres podem realizar.
Is it possible to evaluate upper and lower cervical interdependency on supine magnetic resonance imaging?
Authors: Karabag Hamza , Iplikçioğlu Ahmet Celal
Published: July 2023

There is a significant correlation between the upper and lower cervical alignments associated with a compensatory mechanism to maintain horizontal gaze. Evaluating this correlation before cervical fusion operations is essential, particularly in the upper cervical region, to prevent the occurrence of postoperative malalignment. This study was designed to investigate whether evaluating the interdependency between the upper and lower cervical alignments on neutral supine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or supine MRI with neck extension is possible. This study included 36 male and 30 female volunteers without symptoms aged between 16 and 60 years. Cervical radiographic images and supine cervical spinal MRI scans were obtained twice on the neutral supine position and on the supine position with pillows placed at 5 cm high under the shoulder. Cervical lordosis (CL) (C2–7 Cobb angle), C0–2 Cobb angle, C2–7 sagittal vertical axis (C2–7SVA), T1 slope (T1S), and T1 slope minus CL (T1S-CL (C2S)) were measured from the imaging sets from each patient, including X-ray images and two MRI scans, and the main values were obtained. The mean values of the measurements from the radiographic images were compared with those obtained from MRI scans using Student’s t-test. The agreement between the parameters (C0–2 Cobb angle, CL Cobb angle, and T1S-CL) obtained from the radiographic images and MRI scans was evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between the C0–2 and C2–7 Cobb angles in standing X-ray and neutral MRI values (r = −0.425 and -0.397, respectively). In plain radiography and MR studies, the T1 slope was correlated with the C2–7 angle (r = 0.4824, 0.734, and 0.702, respectively). The C2 slope values were also significantly correlated with the C0–2 Cobb angle in standing X-ray and neutral MRI images (r = 0.5595 and 0.5719, respectively). There were significant correlations between the C2 slope and C2–7 Cobb angles in all modalities (r = −0.5645, −0.7917, and −0.8526). Negative correlations between the upper and lower cervical alignments are also present in supine MRI studies, consequently in the supine position, with statistical significance. The C2 slope is an important cervical spine parameter that is significantly correlated with both the C0–2 and CL Cobb angles. The C2 slope can be used to evaluate the interdependency of the upper and lower cervical alignments.
Scientific seminar “International, EU and banking law in the face of Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine”, 9 March 2022
Authors: Rupniak Łukasz
Published: July 2023

W reakcji na inwazję Rosji na Ukrainę rozpoczętą 24 lutego 2022 roku Zakład Prawa Europejskiego Instytutu Nauk Prawnych Polskiej Akademii Nauk zorganizował 9 marca 2022 roku seminarium naukowe „Prawo międzynarodowe, unijne i bankowe wobec zbrojnej agresji Rosji na Ukrainę”. Wydarzenie to odbyło się za pośrednictwem platformy Microsoft Teams, dzięki czemu udało się zgromadzić uczestników z Polski i Ukrainy.
Использование современных фитнес-направлений в практике физического воспитания студентов
Authors: Сухостав О.А. , Смирнова Е.И.
Published: July 2023

В данной статье авторы рассматривают целесообразность использование фитнеснаправлений в учебном процессе студентов, особенности проведения занятий при недостаточной материально-технической базе. Указывают на необходимость изменения формата урока с целью расширения знаний студентов области физической культуры, повышению интереса и использованию приобретенного опыта в дальнейшем для самостоятельных занятий.
Leadership of school principals and monitoring of students by their parents in Bamako
Authors: BAMBA Amadou , DEMBELE Kalifa , MAIGA Abdoulaye , Soumaïla MOULAYE Abdoulaye
Published: July 2023

The objective of this paper is to understand the link between the leadership of school principals and the monitoring of students by their parents. Indeed, the leadership of the principals should make it possible to bring the parents to take more interest in the follow-up of the pupils. A leadership test was thus administered to 6 directors (school principals) of private and public school groups from the Rive Droite Academy in Bamako; 480 students were quizzed about parental support and then an interview guide was sent to teachers, school principals and parents of students who are members of School Management Committees in the schools in the sample (CGS) to decide on the leadership of the directors and the follow-up of the pupils by their parents.

The results of the school principal’s leadership test show that 4 out of 6 directors have a good overall leadership score. The score for task orientation is the highest, followed by the score for democratic and participatory leadership; that for orientation towards pupils' parents is lower among all directors. In addition, 62.5% of students who benefit from parental support come from schools run by directors who have a good leadership score. The results of the interviews show that the directors of public schools find that the follow-up of pupils by their parents is not linked to their leadership but rather to the level of poverty of the parents, which poses the problem of school follow-up for their children. However, the directors of private schools specify that they themselves must find channels of communication with parents in order to sensitize them to follow their children. For teachers, directors of successful schools in Mali have a high level of democratic leadership. Four representatives of the parents of pupils think that the principals of schools do not make enough efforts to push the parents to be firm with their children. The other two representatives find that school principals are discouraged by the marked indiscipline of children due to the fact that parents do nothing to educate their children and encourage them to take their studies seriously.
Dramat współczesny
Authors: Shepherd-Barr Kirsten E.
Published: July 2023

Dramat współczesny to przystępne omówienie rozwoju dramatu i teatru od 1880 roku. Jak na rozwój dramatu wpłynęli Ibsen, Beckett, Grotowski? Co osiągnęli wielcy eksperymentatorzy? Jakie tematy oburzały widzów? Kirsten E. Shepherd-Barr pokazuje najważniejsze przemiany, jakie zaszły w nowoczesnej dramaturgii, od wczesnego modernizmu przez czasy powojenne aż do odkryć i przełomów ostatnich lat.
Protestantyzm. Wydanie przejrzane
Authors: Noll Mark A.
Published: July 2023

Protestantyzm. Wydanie przejrzane to przystępne i atrakcyjne omówienie najważniejszych zagadnień związanych z historią protestantyzmu i jego rolą we współczesnym świecie. Początki i rozkwit protestantyzmu, zachodnie i wschodnie odmiany, zielonoświątkowcy i Kościoły niezależne – o tym wszystkim we wzbogaconym wydaniu Protestantyzmu!
Using a Social Justice Lens in Nursing: Intersectionalizing Person-Centered Care with Transgender and Non-Binary Patients
Authors: Padrón Karla M. , Pederson Coralie
Published: July 2023

Transgender and non-binary patients are greatly impacted by political initiatives intended to diminish their rights, including the right to access to gender-affirming medical care. Nurses who provide Person-centered Care (PCC) are uniquely positioned to honor their patients’ rights and humanity. PCC is an important component of building trust with transgender and non-binary patients, but honoring their humanity fully and comprehensively requires an intersectional approach. To build trust, the authors suggest that a paradigm that interweaves PCC with intersectionality promotes social justice for transgender and non-binary patients.
Improving the performance of diesel engines fueled with water-fuel emulsion
Authors: Samoilenko Dmytro , Savchenko Anatolii , Kravchenko Serhii
Published: July 2023

Due to unique properties, production and operation features, water-fuel emulsion (WFE) could be considered as one of the most promising type of alternative fuels for diesel engines. Experimental research showed that comparing to traditional diesel fuel, application of water-fuel emulsion allows to reduce nitrogen oxides and soot emissions, which is due primarily to a decrease in the level of maximum temperatures in the engine cylinder, as well as a more uniform distribution of fuel over the combustion chamber volume thanks to its secondary dispersion (micro-explosion phenomena). To control the stability of water-fuel emulsion properties during engine operation it is recommended to install water content sensor in the fuel supply system.
A LARGE-SPORT EVENT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON TOURISM DESTINATION IMAGE IN INDONESIA
Authors: PAHRUDIN Pahrudin , Liu Li-Wei , Royanow Achlan Fahlevi , Kholid Idham
Published: July 2023

Purpose – This study aims to explore the perception of local society regarding the government’s hosting of a large-sport event such as the MotoGP in Indonesia, using social exchange theory such as economic, social, cultural, and environmental aspects to support tourism development and destination image. Design/methodology – This study provides the locals’ perception of the large-sport events of MotoGP Indonesia in 2022 using a quantitative approach through Structural Equation ModelPartial Least Square (SEM-PLS). Findings – The results indicate that economic, social, and cultural perceptions significantly support tourism development and destination image in Indonesia. However, environmental perceptions were not significant and did not support the hypothesis that they support tourism development. Therefore, it can be concluded that this significant event can contribute to the development of tourism and destination image in Indonesia. Originality of the research – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to examine the mega sporting event and tourism destination using multiple indicators, such as economic, social, cultural, and environmental. In addition, this is the first study to examine the host perception of the MotoGP mega sporting event in Indonesia.
Decline in bone mineral density in children
Authors:   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zhekaite E.K. ,   Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kondratyeva E.I. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Loshkova E.V. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kotova Yu.V. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Erokhina M.I. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Malinovskaya M.G. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

Bone mineral density decline is one of the significant problems in pediatrics due to the high prevalence of this pathology, the peculiarities of its course in childhood, and the necessity for early detection of changes in bone mineral density to prevent fractures. Osteoporosis is a multifactorial metabolic disease of the skeleton characterized by low bone mass, microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, and increased bone fragility and brittleness. Objective. To highlight current diagnostic approaches for early detection of bone mineral density decline in children and adolescents. A review of the available medical literature was conducted. The basic pathogenetic mechanisms of bone mineral density disorders and osteoporosis development were presented. Current diagnostic approaches were considered, namely the main laboratory and instrumental markers of osteoporosis in children, including changes in Z-score of more than 2 SD (according to bone densitometry), the level of biochemical markers of resorption and bone tissue formation (c-terminal telopeptide, oxyproline, osteocalcin, acid and alkaline phosphatase, etc.), and questionnaires. Conclusion. New diagnostic algorithms will allow targeted prevention and treatment of bone mineral density decline in high-risk patients at an early stage, preventing the development of pathological fractures. Key words: hypovitaminosis D, densitometry, bone metabolism markers, bone mineral density, osteoporosis, polymorphism
Analysis and Visualization of Hyperlocal Emissions Data in New Delhi and Mumbai
Authors: Anandan Maya , Mondal Anirban
Published: July 2023

Deteriorating air quality has an adverse impact on human health and causes irreversible damage to the environment. On this matter, while existing works focus on investigating macro-level and entity-level emissions, investigation of hyperlocal emissions and pollution data in urban cities has received little attention. In practice, hyperlocal insights about pollutants in ambient air are critical for building community-level awareness about pollution and climate change, which is a precursor toward developing data-driven policies across neighbourhoods in large cities. Hence, as a part of this study, we installed multiple air quality sensors across two major cities in India, namely New Delhi and Mumbai. After preprocessing data from these sensors, we performed a detailed investigation to derive novel insights concerning hyperlocal information. Moreover, we provide a description of an interactive Python-based interface with querying abilities for users to understand hyperlocal ambient air in real-time. In the near future, we shall expand this effort to other cities across India.