bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Media Pembelajaran Augmented Reality (AR) dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa pada Pelajaran Geografi di Kelas X SMAN 36 Jakarta
Authors: Maulidiah Putri , Ahman Sya  , Lia Kusumawati
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of augmented reality learning media on geography subjects in class X SMAN 36 Jakarta. This research uses an experimental method with Nonrandomized Control Group Pretest Posttest Design. The population of this study were students of class X SMAN 36 Jakarta with research samples selected by randomized sampling technique, namely X E1 as the experimental class and X E2 as the control class. Data collection techniques used were tests on two classes and distributing questionnaires filled out by experimental class students. Some of the data analysis techniques used are instrument tests, data tests as analysis requirements and data analysis tests. Based on the test results, the instrument was declared valid and reliable and the data was declared normal and homogeneous. The results showed that augmented reality learning media was declared effective to improve students' learning outcomes in geography class X SMAN 36 Jakarta with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05 and an N-Gain value of 71.069%, which included the effective category. So educators can utilize the media to be used as a praga tool that facilitates the learning process because it is proven to be able to provide an increase in student learning outcomes. For future research, it is hoped that this augmented reality media can be used in other learning materials.
How much water supply resilience is enough? – A discussion paper
Authors: Donaldson Lee
Published: September 2023

Resilience for water supply systems is the ability to maintain supply when the system is impacted by a disruption from the norm. It is not just about source reliability. It includes all manner of infrastructure failures and natural disasters, and even terrorist and war events. There is a spectrum of failure scenarios ranging from relatively short local supply area outages through to city wide total losses of supply, and the associated consequences range from inconvenience to catastrophic. Whatever the nature of a supply disruption, there will be a resilience measure which could be taken to reduce its impact, but could it be justified particularly when there is a small probability of it ever being needed. It is proposed guidance about how much resilience is needed could be obtained from existing level of service standards, even though those standards might not be used locally or be directly related to water supply. The paper investigated two ends of the resilience spectrum, frequently and exceptionally infrequently resilience needed events. It was found that most Australian water supply authorities are providing a similar level of service, and consistent with a 10 to 15-year standard for frequently occurring resilience events. Storage tanks are the main source of resilience for many water supply areas for such events and have historically been sized using qualitative methods. This paper discusses the more effective use of quantitative methods. At the other end of the spectrum resilience is capable of maintaining supply in events with average recurrence intervals of 1,000 to <10,000 years is specified by published emergency risk guidelines. A high-level review of Queensland urban centres found resilience to meet all types of failure scenarios, not just droughts, approaching a 10,000-year standard could be provided in conjunction with high level of water restrictions if independent water source and treatment capabilities from adjoining supply areas were interconnected.
Gas Infusion technology: An innovative way to oxygenate and treat wastewater
Authors: Mackenzie Max , Monutti Andre , Campbell Wade , Ronconi Giancarlo
Published: September 2023

Gas Infusion is a technology which promotes a high-rate of oxygen dissolution in aqueous streams and has been used in many processes that requires oxygen, such as aquaculture, aquifer remediation, algae bloom reduction, and beverage production, amongst others. Gas Infusion can maintain higher oxygen levels in liquids due to a proprietary gas-exchange process, allowing the introduction of pure oxygen in a bubble-less manner, creating a stable liquid stream containing enormous quantities of dissolved oxygen. The utilisation of Prosper’s Gas Infusion technology as the primary oxygen provider for a conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment is now the hypothesis to be proved. This paper evaluates Gas Infusion technology based on the results from full scale pilot plants developed for Canadian and Brazilian utilities. One of the goals of the pilots was primarily prove the efficacy of the process in terms of oxygen introduction and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) removal. Another goal was to get better understanding on how a full-scale system could be configured and the implications on capital and operational expenditures (CAPEX and OPEX, respectively) of wastewater green-field plants implementation.
Scaling Equations for Annular Flow of Yield-Power Law Fluid and Drill Cuttings
Authors: Alarfaj Mohammed Nabil , Mehrabian Amin
Published: September 2023

Estimation of frictional pressure loss along the wellbore annulus is the key to determining the wellbore equivalent circulating density. Flow loop experiments are commonly used at smaller scales of flow to measure this quantity. However, a complete set of scaling equations between the measured pressure drop gradient along the annulus of a flow loop device and the one occurring in the wellbore is not reported in the literature.

This study applies dimensional analysis to make such a connection while accounting for drillpipe rotation and eccentricity, as well as solid cuttings load, in the annular flow of yield-power law drilling fluids. Simultaneous application of geometric, kinematic, dynamic, and rheological similarities allows for developing direct relations between the quantities that govern the laboratory and wellbore scales of flow. For this purpose, a set of dimensionless groups is identified and held equal between the two flow scales.

Dimensional analysis shows that scaling the two-phase flow of drilling fluid and drill cuttings entails 10 dimensionless groups. The solution of the obtained scaling equations determines the required volumetric rates of fluid and solid particles, the inner pipe rotation speed, and the fluid rheology in the flow loop device to establish a complete similitude with the wellbore annular flow. The required similarity between the Reynolds numbers of solid particles or drill cuttings at the two scales of flow introduces a constraint on the rheology of the fluid to be used in the laboratory flow loop. This finding indicates that attaining a complete similitude requires the two fluids to be dissimilar. Once all scaling requirements of the considered similitude are applied, the pressure gradient along the wellbore annulus can be obtained directly in terms of the measured pressure drop in the laboratory flow loop.
R scripts for Human Microbiome Analysis Toolset
Authors: Rosa Bruce A , Martin John , Mitreva Makedonka
Published: September 2023

A variety of statistical analysis methods to analyze microbiome data are provided in an R script, with formatted example input files. These methods include read count rarefaction, diversity calculations, NMDS clustering, Dirichlet Multinomial Mixtures (DMM) clustering, cluster validation with Silhouette scores and Prediction strength, random forest, and ANCOM-BC2. The script is a valuable tool for microbiome researchers and provides simple-to-use code with comments and properly formatted example input files, to perform a comprehensive set of methods for analyzing microbiome data. Version 2 adds code to filter out taxa that are detected in < 3 samples for the methods where that is appropriate.
Fabrication of graphene from graphite using high-powered ultrasonic vibrators
Authors: Nguyen Yen Hai , Mai Phuong Thi , Nguyen Nghia Phan Trong , Tran Hau Van , Nguyen Dung Viet , Nguyen Tu Thi Ngoc , Pham Trinh Van , Doan Phuong Dinh , Phan Minh Ngoc , Bui Thang Hung
Published: September 2023

This paper utilizes an efficient and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing graphene from graphite, namely liquid-phase exfoliation. High-power density ultrasonic vibrators were used to separate graphite layers into graphene in a liquid medium. During layer separation, ultrasonic waves provided mechanical energy to break the Van der Walls bonds and separate graphite layers into graphene. In our study, graphene was synthesized by ultrasonicating graphite in Tween 80 for 1 to 5 hours, followed by magnetic stirring and surfactant removal. The FESEM and Raman measurements demonstrated that high-frequency ultrasound waves were effective at breaking the Van der Waals bonding force between adjacent graphite layers. Average flake sizes (lateral) were reduced with increasing ultrasonication time, reaching a minimum value of 317 nm with 5 hours of ultrasonic treatment. These results show that liquid-phase exfoliation is a cost-effective method to obtain low-defect few-layer graphene.
What Really Makes Residents Tick or Burn out? Insights From a National Survey
Authors: zloto ofira , Henenfeld Maxim , Weinstein Orly
Published: September 2023

Background
To examine the satisfaction rates and burnout feelings amongst residents physicians in different specialties and to examine associated affecting factors.
Method
Clalit Health Services (CHS) is the largest health maintenance provider in Israel. A survey was designed by an interdisciplinary team with questions addressing residency and the balance between residency and personal life, as well as the balance between residency and personal life, and was sent to all residents of CHS via personal email from March to May 2022.
Results
Four hundred sixty seven residents completed the survey. The mean satisfaction rate from the residency was 7.4 (± 1.93, 2–10). The highest satisfaction rate from residency was amongst anesthetics, psychiatrists and ophthalmologists ( 8.6, 8.1 and 8.0, respectively) while the lowest was among general surgeons, oncologists, plastic surgeons and orthopedic surgeons (6.8, 6.8, 6.7, 6.1, respectively). There was no correlation between satisfaction rates and monthly working hours or number of overnight shifts. Seventy four percent feel frequent burnout due to high workload and 68% feel frequent burnout due to high number of administrative tasks. Seventy three percent chose the work environment in their department as most influential of their residency experience, 61% chose relations between attending physicians and residents as most significant, and 60% chose the education during the residency as most influential during their residency training.
Conclusions
Satisfaction rates from the residency training require improvement, with differences between the residencies. Number of working hours and number of overnight shifts did not correlate with the satisfaction rates. The factor that influences the most between satisfactory rate and less burnout is the relationship with colleagues and good training programs. Major efforts should be done to improve these factors.
Research on facial expression recognition algorithm based on improved MobileNetV3
Authors: Jiang Bin , Li Nanxing , Cui Xiaomei , Zhang Qiuwen , Zhang Huanlong , Li Zuhe , Liu Weihua
Published: September 2023

Aiming at the problem that face images are easily interfered by occlusion factors in uncontrollable environments, and the complex structure of traditional convolutional neural networks leads to low expression recognition rates, slow network convergence speed, and long network training time, an improved lightweight convolutional neural network is proposed for facial expression recognition algorithm. First, the dilation convolution is introduced into the shortcut connection of the inverted residual structure in the MobileNetV3 network to expand the receptive field of the convolution kernel and reduce the loss of expression features. Then, the channel attention mechanism SENet in the network is replaced by the two-dimensional (channel and spatial) attention mechanism SimAM introduced without parameters to reduce the network parameters. Finally, in the normalization operation, the Batch Normalization of the backbone network is replaced with Group Normalization, which is stable at various batch sizes, to reduce errors caused by processing small batches of data. Experimental results on RaFD, FER2013, and FER2013 face expression databases show that the network reduces the training times while maintaining network accuracy, improves network convergence speed, and has good convergence effects.
Costs of preterm birth in culturally and linguistically diverse children in Australia: a data linkage study
Authors: Karger Shae , Enticott Joanne , Ndayisaba Emmanuel U , Callander Emily J.
Published: September 2023

Background
Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) women face a number of adversities in Australia in relation to accessing medical care. In particular, CALD women are at an increased risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes including prematurity and low birthweight. Prematurity (before 37 weeks gestation) is associated with morbidities such as behavioural, developmental, and physical conditions including long-term chronic diseases. This paper seeks to identify to difference in health service use, health events and outcomes, and costs of CALD premature infants compared to term CALD infants.
Methods
An existing linked administrative dataset, Maternity1000 was utilized for this study which has identified all children born in Queensland (QLD), Australia, between 1st July 2012 to 30th June 2018 from the QLD Perinatal Data Collection. This has then been linked to the QLD Hospital Admitted Patient Data Collection, QLD Hospital Non-Admitted Patient Data Collection, QLD Emergency Department Data Collection, and Medicare Benefits Schedule and Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme Claims Records between 1 July 2012 to 30th June 2019. Costs per year from birth to five years will also be calculated and will be presented in 2020/2021 Australian dollars.
Findings
Overall, preterm CALD infants had higher rates of health service use potentially preventable hospitalisations (8·97% vs 7·60%), ED presentations without admissions (30·02% vs 25·03%), special care nursery/NICU admission (70·6% vs 12·22%), and development of chronic conditions (14·05% vs 9·4%). In total, costs of preterm CALD infants were 134·01 times higher for public hospital funders, 341·54 times higher for private health insurers, and 204·16 times higher for out-of-pocket costs than term CALD infants.
Interpretation
The costs associated with the care of a premature CALD infant are higher in the first year of life, and consistently higher through to age five in comparison to a term CALD infant
Funding
EC receives salary support from an NHMRC Career Development Fellowship, this work was also supported by a Ferring Pharmaceuticals Innovation Grant.
Immunogenicity and safety of CoronaVac in children in an immuno-bridging phase 3 clinical trial
Authors: Meng Weining , Sun Qin , Xie Ying , Zhao Yanqing , Hu Jialei , Wu Xianghong , Zhang Jing , Xin Qianqian , Yu Jianxing , Zhang Hengming , Ying Zhifang , Chu Kai
Published: September 2023

Several clinical trials demonstrated that CoronaVac had favorable efficacy and immunogenicity in adults and children. This phase 3, open-label, immuno-bridging clinical trial assessed the superior immunogenicity of CoronaVac in Chinese children aged 3–11 years compared to Brazilian adults aged 18–26 years, and its non-inferiority in Chinese children compared to overseas children (NCT05137418). A sample size of 1000 healthy children aged 3–11 years were enrolled in China. Two doses of CoronaVac were given 28 days apart. Superiority and non-inferiority analysis were conducted by assessing the neutralizing antibodies titers against SARS-CoV-2. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of neutralizing antibodies in Chinese children on day 28 post second dose vaccination was 198.47 (95%CI 189.44-207.93), superior to that of the Brazilian adults (62.52, 95%CI 54.99–71.08) with the adjusted GMT ratio of 3.18 (95%CI 2.85–3.54); and it was non-inferior compared to the overseas children (202.58, 95%CI 166.29–246.80) with the adjusted GMT ratio of 0.98 (95%CI 0.85–1.13) and seroconversion rate difference of 0.00% (95%CI -0.44-2.58). Most adverse reactions were mild and moderate. All of the serious adverse events (SAEs) were considered unrelated to vaccination. CoronaVac showed good immunogenicity and safety in children aged 3–11 years. The results suggested that CoronaVac could have favorable protection against COVID-19 in children.
Phosphoribosyl modification of poly-ubiquitin chains at the Legionella-containing vacuole prohibiting autophagy adaptor recognition
Authors: Mao Yuxin , Wan Min , Minelli Marena , Zhao Qiuye , Marshall Shannon , Yu Haiyuan , Smolka Marcus
Published: September 2023

Ubiquitination is a crucial posttranslational modification in eukaryotes that plays a significant role in the infection of intracellular microbial pathogens, such as Legionella pneumophila, the bacterium responsible for Legionnaires’ disease. While the Legionella-containing vacuole (LCV) is coated with ubiquitin (Ub), it avoids recognition by autophagy adaptors. In this study, we report that the Sdc and Sde families of effectors work together to build ubiquitinated species around the LCV. The Sdc effectors catalyze canonical polyubiquitination directly on host targets or on the phosphoribosyl-Ub (PR-Ub) conjugated to host targets by Sde. Remarkably, the Ub moieties within the poly-Ub chains are either modified with a phosphoribosyl group by Sde and other PDE domain-containing effectors or covalently attached to other host substrates via Sde-mediated PR-ubiquitination. Furthermore, these modifications prevent the recognition by Ub adaptors, such as p62, and therefore exclude host autophagy adaptors from the LCV. Our findings shed light on the nature of the poly-ubiquitinated species present at the surface of the LCV and provide a molecular mechanism for the avoidance of autophagy adaptors by the Ub-decorated LCV.
Time to death and its predictors among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit with perinatal asphyxia in Public Hospitals in East Wallaga Zone, Western Ethiopia, 2023: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Garuma Worku , Merdasa Emiru , Fantahun Firehiwot , Kaba Zalalem , Adugna Motuma , Fayera Hunde , Raga Imana , Tolesa Roba
Published: September 2023

Background
Perinatal asphyxia cause babies progressively marked impairment of gas exchange and multi-organ system dysfunction due to limited oxygen flow. It is major cause of newborn deaths in the Sub-Saharan Africa region and it contributes 280,000 deaths a year with 31 per 1000 live births case fatality rate. Even though different initiatives and prevention strategies have implemented, neonatal mortality due to perinatal asphyxia is high in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess time to death and its predictors among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units by perinatal asphyxia in public hospitals of East Wallaga Zone, Ethiopia, 2023.
Method
Hospital based retrospective cohort study design was conducted from July 01 2019 to June 30 2022. Systematic sampling technique was employed. Data was coded and entered into EpiData version 4.6 and exported to STATA version 14. Kaplan Meier survival curve and log rank test was used to estimate the survival probability. Log-log plot and global tests was used to assess proportional hazard assumption. Cox Snell residual was used to assess overall model adequacy. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to determine predictors of mortality. Hazard Ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals was computed and statistical significance was declared when it is significant at 5% at p value < 0.05.
Result
From a total of 519 neonates, 27.36% of them were died. The overall incidence of mortality was 45.54 per 1000 (95%CI: 38.63, 53.68) person days observation with median time to death of 4 days. Living in rural area (AHR = 2.69, 95%CI: 1.67, 4.39), delivered from primiparity mothers (AHR: 1.78, 95%CI: 1.01, 2.92), preterm birth (AHR: 1.76, 95%CI: 1.08, 2.87) and having previous history of abortion (AHR: 1.95 95% CI: 1.23, 3.01) were found to have association with the incidence of mortality.
Conclusion and recommendation
: There was high neonatal mortality rate due to perinatal asphyxia. This mortality was high among neonates those whose mothers live in rural area, primiparity mothers, has previous history of abortion and preterm birth babies. Therefore, health workers should give special emphasis for neonates admitted by perinatal asphyxia.
Social participation and exposure to tuberculosis education: a cross-sectional study of older (≥60 years) domestic migrants in China
Authors: Liu Junping , Cui Yu , Zhang Huanyu , Wang Yanfu , Guan Li , Liu Wei , Liu Zhaoyue , Feng Yajie , Liu Xinru , Wu Lin , Wang Nan , Yang Aiying , Liu Zhixin , Liang Libo , Wu Qunhong , Liu Chaojie
Published: September 2023

Background
Older domestic migrants have a higher risk of infection of tuberculosis or reactivation of latent tuberculosis than other populations in China. This study aimed to assess the exposure level of older domestic migrants to tuberculosis education and its association with social participation.
Methods
Data were extracted from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS). A total of 5,787 study participants over 60 years of age were eligible for this study. Multilevel logistic regression models were established to determine the association between social participation and exposure to tuberculosis education after adjustment for variations in sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and health resources available in their migration destinations. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to calculate the average treatment effect of social participation for the treated (ATT).
Results
Only 28.5% of study participants reported exposure to tuberculosis education in various forms over the past year in their migration destination. Participation in social activities, both membership-based (aOR:1.68, 95% CI:1.46–1.94,) and non-membership-based (aOR:1.66, 95% CI:1.44–1.91) were associated with higher exposure to tuberculosis education after adjustment for variations in covariates. Those who resided in a province with higher prevalence of tuberculosis and higher health expenditure, established a local personal health record, were aware of the essential public health services, had a job, obtained higher levels of education, and self-rated good health were more likely to be exposed to tuberculosis education. The ATT of social participation reached 0.10, indicating an increase of 10% exposure to tuberculosis education in those with active social participation.
Conclusions
Low levels of exposure to tuberculosis education in older migrants are evident in China. Social participation is associated with higher exposure to tuberculosis education.
Effect of traditional Chinese exercise on the treatment of "long-COVID" A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Wentao , cui hua , Wu Minmin , Cheng Guangyu , cheng weiping
Published: September 2023

Background
Since late 2019, there has been a widespread epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and some patients infected with COVID-19 have developed symptoms of long COVID after acute infection control, severely affecting people's lives and work. Traditional Chinese exercise has a long history, with numerous studies proving its effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Some previous studies only systematically reviewed the effect of TCE on acute covid infection, and there was not enough evidence to support the effect of TCE on persistent fatigue, dyspnea, and cognitive impairment in patients with long-term covid. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of traditional Chinese exercise in patients with long COVID and to provide alternative therapy for long COVID.
METHODS
In this study, literature searches in the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, the Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database, and the WanFang Database will be conducted to include literature related to randomized controlled trials of traditional Chinese exercise therapy for long COVID. Two researchers independently screened, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of each included trial using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, followed by the Cochrane Collaboration organizational tool being used to assess the risk of bias for each study. The data captured in this study were statistically analyzed using comprehensive meta-analysis version 3.0 software.
PROSPERO registration number：CRD42023402517
Genome-wide identification, phylogenetic analysis, and expression profiling of ATP-binding cassette transporters in oomycete
Authors: LEI yingxia , ZHANG yan , YANG ruiwu
Published: September 2023

Background： ABC transporters are a special family of membrane proteins and fulfill a multitude of functions. In plants, a few research have found ABC transporters acting as virulence factors in oomycete-plant interactions. However, previous studies have only focused on phylogenetic analysis of ABC transporters in particular species, and a comprehensive analysis has not been carried out. In this study, we examined 21 species genomes of oomycetes for phylogenetic and functional analysis of ABC transporters. Aim to find potential virulence factors in the interaction of plants and oomycetes.
Result：We identified 29~151 ABC transporter proteins in 21 species of oomycetes, and 965 were filtered in a phylogenetic analysis. The number of ABC transporters in biotrophic oomycetes was significantly lower than in hemi-biotrophic and necrotrophic oomycetes, and the number in Phytophthora was the largest. Our analysis demonstrated that most oomycete ABC transporters are highly conserved, while others show remarkable group-specific diversification. The ABCA group III and ABCB half-size II proteins clustered with bacteria, appearing to be derived from horizontal transfer events from bacterial genomes. The ABCG subfamily was the most expanded group in oomycetes. The number of ABCD subfamily members was the smallest and was highly conserved in oomycetes. The structural characteristics of ABC proteins indicate diverse structural types in each of the ABC subfamilies. A heatmap was used to analyze the expression of ABC transporters. ABC transporters were expressed in middle and late stages, which represent biotrophic and necrotrophic phases, with the exception of some ABCB transporters being highly expressed in early stage. This suggests that ABC proteins expressed in middle and late stages may participate in host disease and cause host cell death.
Conclusions: In this study, 965 proteins were filtered in a phylogenetic analysis from 21 species of oomycete representing three different lifestyles. Meanwhile, we also analysis of oomycete ABC proteins provides insight into the diversity of the five subfamilies among the main oomycete lineages. This study presents the first comprehensive overview of the ABC transporter family, and provides an important platform for in-depth analysis of oomycete-plant interactions and a database for identifying pathogenic factors in oomycetes.
Future Rainfall Projection Using Modified Local Intensity Scaling (M-LOCI) Method.
Authors: PATTANAYEK TAPAS , SHAIKH SAFAYAT ALI , MUKHERJEE INDRANIL , BHOWMICK PRASENJIT
Published: September 2023

Downscaling techniques are required because General Circulation Models (GCM) cannot be applied directly to climate change projections for climate change impact assessments. However, there are no definite guidelines for choosing a specific statistical downscaling technique to be applied to a certain application. The results of four separate RCPs (Representative Concentration Pathways), each driven by a different model, are scaled in this chapter to evaluate two statistical downscaling methods. Daily rainfall time series for a future scenario are generated for Dumdum station for the period 2021-50 to 2051-80 under climate change projections. Since the fundamental difference between downscaling methodologies relates to how severe events are produced, attention is paid to alterations of extreme events. However, 8 of the 10 GCMs investigated show that future precipitation occurrences will increase. The uncertainties are partially caused by the variability of the statistical downscaling methods and the projection. This chapter highlights the importance in annual average of different GCMs statistical downscaling methods and comparison between different models and different RCPs of same model for use in different hydrological methods.
Effect of hydraulic retention time and electrode type on the performance of semi-continuous flow microbial fuel cell
Authors: Ullah Zia , Ahmad Irfan , Zeshan
Published: September 2023

Traditional wastewater treatment processes demand high energy and are not economically feasible for domestic wastewater treatment. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) offers an alternative option for wastewater treatment with simultaneous energy recovery by utilizing the electrogenic bacteria and organic matter present in wastewater. This study investigates the performance of MFC for the treatment of domestic wastewater when operated at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). Two dual-chamber MFCs were used each installed with a different type of anode. One of the anodes was a carbon fiber brush and the other was a graphite rod. Domestic wastewater was utilized as a substrate and the reactors were run in a semi-continuous flow at HRTs of 48, 36, 24, 12, 8, 4 and 2 h under 1000 Ω external resistance. At HRT of 8 h, maximum voltage of 319 mV and 308 were achieved for MFC with carbon fiber brush (CFBMFC) and graphite rod (GRMFC), respectively. Maximum COD removals of 80.3% and 73.9% corresponding to maximum coulombic efficiency of 5.4% and 4.2% were achieved for CFBMFC and GRMFC at an HRT of 48 h respectively. Power curves showed that maximum power density of 77 mW/m2 and 58 mW/m2 was achieved for CFBMFC and GRMFC, respectively.
An empirical study of the Flag Rugby game program to promote Gross Motor and Physical Fitness in 5-6 year old preschoolers
Authors: Shi Zuozheng , Yang Xulin , Zhang Xinru , Zhu Weihua , Dai Yuxin , Guan Xuhan , Xuan Shu
Published: September 2023

Objective: To explore the effects of the Flag rugby game courses on the development of Gross Motor and physical fitness in 5-6 year old preschoolers.
Methods: Using the Flag rugby game courses as an intervention, a total of 56 preschool children aged 5-6 years (57.14% girls) were selected to participate in Class A and Class B through a random sampling method to see the effects of the flag rugby game courses on their Gross Motor and Physical Fitness.
Results: After 12W exercised，In the comparative analysis of subjects' Gross Motor and Physical Fitness test results.We found that the ExG differed significantly(P<0.01) in the test results of Gross Motor and Physical Fitness,and a 2 (group: ExG,ConG)×2 (time: 0w,12w) repeated measures ANOVA was performed and found was interacted significantly (P<0.001) in Total Locomotor Subject Score (F=38.287, p=0.000, ES=0.415),Total Object Control Subject Score(F=164.453, p=0.000, ES=0.753),Total Gross Motor Score (F=192.409, p=0.000, ES=0.781),and found was interacted significant (P<0.05) in Grip strength (F=5.030, p=0.029, ES=0.085),Sitting forward bending (F=6.957, p=0.011, ES=0.114),15m obstacle running(F=4.185, p=0.046, ES=0.072),Walking the balance beam(F=7.504, p=0.008, ES=0.122).In the comparative analysis of the results of Gross Motor tests and Physical Fitness in subjects of different genders.The differences in Total Object Control Subject Score (F=5.200,P=0.027,ES=0.850),Grip strength(F=5.971,P=0.018,ES=0.866),Sitting forward bending (F=5.854,P=0.019,ES=-0.863), and 15m obstacle running (F=4.230,P=0.045,ES=- 0.824) had significant (P<0.05) gender main effects.
Conclusion: The 12-week Flag rugby game program can comprehensively and effectively promote the development of Gross Motor and Physical Fitness in preschoolers aged 5-6 years old, and there are certain gender differences in promoting the development of children's Gross Motor and Physical Fitness, which is in line with the law and characteristics of physical and mental development of children's sports,We propose to incorporate it into the movement curriculum for preschoolers aged 5-6 years to enrich the teaching of children's movement curriculum.
Shenfu Injection Regulates Pyroptosis through the NLRP3/Caspase-1 Pathway to Improve Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: FAN Xingyu , LIAO Xiao-qian , HUANG Shu-min , LI Lin , HU Zhi-xi
Published: September 2023

Objective: The objective of this research is to clarify how Shenfu injection enhances chronic heart failure treatment, specifically by examining its influence on the NLRP3-Caspase-1 pathway.
Methods: The chronic heart failure in rats was induced through subcutaneous administration of isoproterenol. The effectiveness of Shenfu injection was assessed by examining cardiac function using echocardiography, monitoring changes in serum N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide levels, and conducting histological analysis with HE and Masson staining to evaluate modifications in myocardial cell structure and fibrosis. To assess the protein levels associated with the NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway, cellular pyroptosis, and myocardial ultrastructure, various techniques including Western blotting, GSDMD-N staining, TUNEL immunofluorescence dual staining, and electron microscopy were employed.
Results: Shenfu injection significantly ameliorated cardiac function, myocardial arrangement, and fibrosis in chronic heart failure rats. Significantly, it substantially decreased the protein levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18, along with a reduction in cellular pyroptosis positivity (P < 0.05). Under electron microscopy, the morphology appeared normal, with only partial cell membranes exhibiting pore formation.
Conclusion: In summary, our research indicates that the SFI intervention improves cardiac function in the chronic heart failure model induced by isoproterenol, possibly by regulating the NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway to reduce pyroptosis, suppress inflammatory responses, protect myocardial cells, and maintain the integrity of cellular ultrastructure.
Distinct patterns of proteostasis network gene expression are associated with different prognoses in melanoma patients
Authors: Labbadia John , Wellman Rachel , Jacobson Daniel , Secrier Maria
Published: September 2023

The proteostasis network (PN) is a collection of protein folding and degradation pathways that spans cellular compartments and acts to preserve the integrity of the proteome. The differential expression of PN genes is a hallmark of many cancers, and the inhibition of protein quality control factors is an effective way to slow cancer cell growth. However, little is known about how the expression of PN genes differs between patients and how this impacts survival outcomes. To address this, we applied unbiased hierarchical clustering to gene expression data obtained from primary and metastatic cutaneous melanoma (CM) samples and found that two distinct groups of individuals emerge across each sample type. These patient groups are distinguished by the differential expression of genes encoding ATP-dependent and ATP-independent chaperones, and proteasomal subunits. Differences in PN gene expression were associated with increased levels of the transcription factors, MEF2A, SP4, ZFX, CREB1 and ATF2, as well as markedly different survival outcomes. However, surprisingly, the relationship with prognosis was discordant between primary and metastatic sample types. Our findings reveal that the expression of PN genes demarcates CM patients and highlights several new proteostasis sub-networks that could be targeted for more effective suppression of CM within specific individuals.
"I don't want my marriage to end" - A qualitative investigation of the sociocultural factors influencing contraceptive use among married Rohingya women residing in refugee camps in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Mansura , Habib Shah Ehsan
Published: September 2023

Background:
The timely provision of comprehensive contraceptive services to Rohingya women is impeded due to a lack of clarity and understanding of their traditional beliefs and cultural frameworks. Recognizing this challenge, our aim is to explore the socio-cultural factors that influence the utilization of contraceptives among married Rohingya women living in the refugee camps of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.
Method:
A qualitative study was conducted in two unregistered Rohingya camps (Camp7&14) located in Ukhiya Upazila, Cox's Bazar from January 10th to January 20th, 2022. A total of 14 In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) were administered among married Rohingya refugee women of reproductive age (15-49), and 16 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs)were conducted with stakeholders involved in reproductive healthcare provision. The selection of participants was executed through purposive sampling. All interviews were conducted in the local language, recorded, transcribed verbatim, and subsequentlytranslated into English. The data were analyzed using NVivo (Version 11), and the analysis process followed the Neuman three-phase coding system.
Results:
Five broad themes were identified:Sociocultural expectations and values attached to births, power imbalances within marital relationships, the role of religious beliefs, fear of side effects, and misperceptions about contraception. Having a larger number of children is viewed positively as it is believed that children play a crucial role in preserving the lineage and contributing to the growth of the Islamic population. Despite expressing an inclination towards contraception, the disapproval of husbands becomes a significant barrier for women. Defying their husbands' wishes can result in instances of intimate partner violence (IPV) and even marriage dissolution within the camps. Moreover, the fear of side effects, such as a particular method would cause infertility, discourages women from using contraception. Many of these fears stem from myths, misconceptions and mistrust in the existing medical system.
Conclusion:Addressing the socio-cultural barriers that prevent women from using modern contraception will have important public health implications. These findings can support policymakers, civil society organizations, and health providers in crafting culturally sensitive programs and educational interventions. These efforts can aid Rohingya refugee women in surmounting the identified barriers to contraception.
Woody plants diversity and the associated ecosystem service across three contrasting forest management regime in Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Kebebew Zerihun , Ozanne Claire
Published: September 2023

Coffee management intensification has simplified the stand structure and composition of woody plants in southwest Ethiopia. It is believed that a change in woody plant diversity could results in loss of ecosystem service. Nevertheless, information on the effect of coffee management intensification on ecosystem services is limited. The study aim to give an answer for whether forest modification to coffee agroforest brings about a loss in ecosystem services in southwest Ethiopia. The specific objectives were 1) to examine woody plant diversity across contrasting forest management regime 2) to explore changes in ecosystem services focusing on forest products 3) to examine the relationship between woody plants diversity and ecosystem services as perceived and used by local people. Mixed approaches were employed to collect the data. The forest was divided into three contrasting management regimes. Vegetation data were collected from 189 plots. Ethnoecological approach was employed to assess ecosystem services. Perceived local ecosystem services were collected from 136 individuals. The relationship between ecosystem services and diversity were estimated based on the use value approach. The result showed that there is a positive relationship between the diversity and use value of woody plants across the three forest management regimes. Coffee management intensification simplify both the stand structure, woody plant composition and ecosystem services of the forest. Plant use value increases towards coffee agroforest. Coffee agroforest can serve as repository of diversity and ecosystem services in southwest Ethiopia.
A Multi-Omics Analysis of the Prognostic Biomarker GDF15 Associated with Immune Infiltration and Regulated Mitochondrial-Dependent Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Cao Qinhong , Zhu Yimiao , Yang Gang , Yang Hao , Wu Wenya , Sun Dongdong
Published: September 2023

Background:Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), also known as NSAID activated gene-1 (NAG-1), is associated with a large number of biological processes and diseases, including cancer. However, the correlation between the use of GDF15 and the development and immune infiltration of colorectal cancer (CRC) has rarely been studied.Methods:The expression level of GDF15 in pan-cancer was examined using the TIMER 2.0 and TCGA databases. Using the TCGA database and GEPIA, the potential utility of GDF15 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer was assessed. Analysis of the relationship between GDF15 and immune infiltration in CRC was performed using the ESTIMATE method. To examine the level of GDF15 expression in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines, Western blot analysis and qRT‒PCR were carried out. The ability of CRC cells to proliferate, migrate, and invade was examined using colony formation, Transwell assays, and EdU tests. To examine how GDF15 affects the cell cycle and apoptosis, flow cytometry and JC-1 assays were employed.Results:Both CRC and most malignancies had high overexpression of GDF15. In most malignancies, higher expression levels of GDF15 were linked to worse overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DSS), according to Kaplan‒Meier survival analyses. The expression of GDF15 was also found to be negatively connected with tumor immune infiltration, as well as with CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and neutrophil infiltration, in the majority of malignancies. According to thein vitroresearch, DGF15 levels were higher in CRC tissues and cell lines. Additionally, GDF15 knockdown markedly reduced CRC cell motility, proliferation, and G0/G1 arrest. Most importantly, we also observed that downregulation of GDF15 can promote mitochondrial-related apoptosis in CRC cells.Conclusions:In multiple human cancers, particularly in CRC, GDF15 overexpression predicts progression and a poor prognosis. GDF15 may also be an entirely novel diagnostic marker and offer a possible immune treatment target for tumor immunotherapy.
Complete submental single-port suspended endoscopic thyroid cancer surgery
Authors: Xing Zhiwei , Yu Gaoyuan , Wu Delin , Pan Tingting , Wang Zikang , Tao Gongshuai , Rao Liangmi , Ma Xiaopeng , Geng Rui
Published: September 2023

Background
Our team has developed a novel surgical method called 'Completely Submental Single-Port Suspended Thyroid Cancer Surgery' based on various endoscopic thyroid surgery techniques. Additionally, we have created a new set of endoscopic instruments for submental single-port suspended endoscopic thyroidectomy. In this essay, we present our initial experience with a new type of endoscopic thyroid device and evaluate its effectiveness and safety.
Methods
This study reports on the use of a novel endoscopic thyroidectomy instrument for performing submental single-port suspended endoscopic thyroidectomy. We summarize our experience with the procedure and present the collected clinical data.
Results
Of the 71 eligible patients underwent thyroid gland lobectomy (55 women [77.5%]; median [IQR] age, 35 [29–41] years), with 64 having a unilateral procedure and 7 having bilateral. Of the total, 7 patients experienced postoperative hoarseness of the voice, which resolved within 3 months. One patient experienced transient hypoparathyroidism, while 3 patients reported subjective sensations of numbness or tingling in the neck.
Conclusion
Submental single-port suspended endoscopic thyroidectomy is a safe and feasible surgical treatment option, especially when combined with new endoscopic thyroid instrumentation.
The ZcVgR gene is involved in the regulation of reproduction and lifespan in female Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) mediated by short-term high temperature
Authors: Lian Yuyang , Yang Shuyan , Peng Sihua , Wang Aqiang , Jia Jingjing , Wang Bao , Chen Junyu , Feng Xuejie , Wu Qianxing , Zheng Lijiu , Ji Xuncong , Yang Xiaofeng , Liao Jianjun , Wei Wei , Zhuang Ling , Mai Mingxing , Zhou Shihao
Published: September 2023

Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) is an important pest of fruit and vegetable crops. Previous studies have shown that differential expression of the vitellogenin receptor (ZcVgR) gene mediated by short-term high temperature causes a decrease in egg number and lifespan in female Z. cucurbitae. To comprehensively understand the molecular mechanism of the ZcVgRgene in the regulation of reproduction and lifespan, Illumina high-throughput sequencing and Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) quantitative proteomics methods were used to determine the transcriptional and proteomic information of female Z. cucurbitae after silencing the target gene (ZcVgR) by siRNA in this paper. The results showed that after silencing the target gene, the expression of the ZcVgRgene was significantly downregulated at the transcriptional level, there was no significant difference at the protein level, and the correlation between the transcriptome and proteome was low; silencing the ZcVgRgene resulted in the downregulation of vitellogenin-1 (ZcVg1), juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase (JHEH), troponin C (TnC), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and other related genes at the transcriptional level, which reduced egg number and heat tolerance in adult females, leading to reduced reproductive capacity and short lifespan; silencing the ZcVgR gene activated immune-related pathways and inhibited energy metabolism-related pathways at the transcriptional level; activated Glycometabolism and Phagosome pathways at the protein level, and inhibited Phototransduction-fly and Autophagy-animal pathways. The results of this study may provide a theoretical basis for integrated control of Z. cucurbitae during the hot season.
A Case Report of Gelatinous Transformation of Bone Marrow Following Lymphoma and a Novel, Potential Treatment
Authors: Hahn Logan , Torlakovic Emina , Bosch Mark
Published: September 2023

Background
Gelatinous transformation of bone marrow (GTBM) is a rare hematologic condition in which hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow are replaced by extracellular gelatinous substances, often resulting in cytopenias. The true incidence of this condition is presently unknown, as the current body of literature primarily consists of case reports. However, an analysis of a large bone marrow registry suggests that this is a highly rare entity even amongst a population requiring bone marrow biopsy.
Case Presentation:
We hereby present a case of a 24-year-old man with a history of diffuse-large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and an associated 45-kilogram weight loss who was found to have GTBM. The extent of his cytopenias resulted in a prolonged hospitalization with numerous complications, eventually leading to experimental treatment with allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT).
Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of GTBM in which ASCT was employed as a potential treatment modality. While our patient did have clinical improvement following ASCT, the permanence of these results is presently unclear. Furthermore, it is uncertain if the ASCT was truly causative of the stabilization of the patient. Given this, we are currently unable to advocate for ASCT as a treatment for GTBM. We suggest that clinicians consider GTBM as a diagnostic possibility in patients with refractory cytopenias.