bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oblique nominals, a verbal affix and late merge
Authors: Kim Kyumin
Published: September 2020

The goal of this paper is to address the syntax of certain oblique nominals in Blackfoot (Algonquian) that are introduced by a set of verbal prefixes called linkers. In the literature, an oblique nominal introduced by a verbal affix always shows certain properties of objects, e.g., agreement. This type of affix is analyzed as forming a complex verb with the main verb via head movement, and the oblique nominal is treated as an object of the complex verb. However, this paper demonstrates that oblique nominals introduced by linkers in Blackfoot do not show certain object properties even though the linker looks like it forms a complex verb. Building on the lack of object properties, linker phrases are proposed to be adjuncts. As proposed for adjuncts generally (e.g., Stephanov, Arthur. 2001. Late adjunction and minimalist phrase structure.Syntax4(2). 94–125), this paper proposes a late merge analysis for linker phrases. Within an Agree-based model (Chomsky, Noam. 2000. Minimalist inquiries: The framework. In Roger Martin, David Michaels & Juan Uriagereka (eds.),Step by step: Essays on minimalist syntax in honor of Howard Lasnik, 89–155. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2001. Derivation by phase. In Michael Kenstowicz (ed.),Ken Hale: A life in language, 1–52. Cambridge: The MIT Press) where the derivation proceeds by phases (Chomsky 2008), a linker phrase, as an adjunct, lacks the relevant features to participate in the derivation via Agree, and thus it merges late at the end of a given phasal derivation such asvP. When spell out applies, the linker linearizes with a [V-v] complex in the base position, i.e.,vP, giving its surface appearance as a verbal affix. Under this view, a linker does not lead to formation of a complex verb as it does not undergo head movement to the verb, unlike applicative affixes, consistent with the absence of object properties.
A new approach in the context of ordered incomplete partial b-metric spaces
Authors: Rashid Tawseef , Jaradat Mohammed M. M. , Khan Qamrul Haq , Mitrović Zoran D. , Aydi Hassen , Mustafa Zead
Published: September 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to find some fixed point results with a new approach, particularly in those cases where the existing literature remains silent. More precisely, we introduce partial completeness, f̄-orbitally completeness, a new type of contractions and many other notions. We also ensure the existence of fixed points for non-contraction maps in the class of incomplete partial b-metric spaces. We have reported some examples in support of our results.
Financial Markets as Financial Systems: A Philosophical Dialogue between Offshore Tax Haven Islands and Systemic Failures
Authors: D’Alvia Daniele
Published: September 2020

This paper deals with financial markets as forms of financial systems. For the first time theorised under a Luhmannian paradigm, markets are conceptualised as financial systems informed by four main structures: risk, uncertainty, competition, and financial innovation. According to Frank Knight, risk is a measurable entity and can always be calculated, but uncertainty is unmeasurable. Nonetheless, uncertainty constitutes the main catalyst for money creation processes in modern economies. In other words, it underpins profit rather than undermining it. For this reason, the modern financial actor is destined to fail. It must deal with uncertainty if it wants to make a profit, but at the same time it can experience only uncertainty, due to its unmeasurable nature. This has caused a profound dilemma between ‘uncertainty-aversion’ paradigms and self-regulation approaches. The paper argues for a mixed system of hybrid regulation, on the one hand to save the environments of tax haven islands via more transparent policies to tax those same offshore companies, and on the other to promote a system of co-operation between financial operators and the state. This is the only way to promote auto-regeneration processes for the whole financial system, because the system itself has already been programmed to fail, and systemic failures produce contagious effects, showing a deeper interconnection of financial systems tout court as well suggesting a cure via a spontaneous mechanism of auto-regeneration, or autopoiesis.
Mechanistic targets for BPH and prostate cancer–a review
Authors: Shah Abhishek , Shah Aarti Abhishek , K Nandakumar , Lobo Richard
Published: September 2020

All men, almost, suffer from prostatic disorders in average life expectancy. In the year of 1950s, the first autopsy of prostate gland discovered the link between Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and Prostate Cancer (PCa). After that, many histology, biochemistry, epidemiology studies explained the association and associated risk factor for the same. From the various scientific evidence, it is proved that both diseases share some common transcription factors and signalling pathways. Still, BPH cannot be considered as the first step of PCa progression. To define, the relationship between both of the diseases, a well-defined large epidemiological study is needed. Along with androgen signalling, imbalanced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and microbial infection also crucial factors that significantly affect the pathogenesis of BPH. Various signalling pathways are involved in the progression of BPH. Androgen signalling is the driving force for the progress of PCa. In PCa androgen signalling is upregulated as compared to a healthy prostate. Some dominant Androgen-regulated genes and their functions have been discussed in this work.
Unconventional monetary policy in a nonlinear quadratic model
Authors: Faulwasser Timm , Gross Marco , Semmler Willi , Loungani Prakash
Published: September 2020

After the financial market meltdown and the Great Recession of the years 2007–9, the financial market-macro link has become an important issue in monetary policy modeling. We develop a dynamic model that contains a nonlinear Phillips curve, a dynamic output equation, and a nonlinear credit flow equation – capturing the importance of credit cycles, risk premia, and credit spreads. Our Nonlinear Quadratic Model (NLQ) model has three dynamic state equations and a quadratic objective function. It can be used to evaluate the response of central banks to the Great Recession in moving from conventional to unconventional monetary policy. We solve the model with a new numerical procedure using estimated parameters for the euro area. We conduct simulations to explore the (de)stabilizing effects of the nonlinearities in the model. We demonstrate that credit flows, risk premia, and credit spreads play an important role as an amplification mechanism and in affecting the transmission of monetary policy. We thereby highlight the importance of the natural rate of interest as an anchor for a central bank target and the weight it places on the credit flows for the effectiveness of unconventional monetary policy. Our model is similar in structure compared to larger scale macro-econometric models which many central banks employ.
The Idea of Israel as a Jewish State
Authors: Patten Alan
Published: September 2020

Israel is often described as a Jewish state and as the locus of Jewish self-determination. How should these phrases be understood? How can they be squared with a commitment to equal citizenship for non-Jewish Israelis? This Article distinguishes between descriptive and normative answers to these questions. The descriptive answer interprets the phrases as referring to the fact that a majority of Israelis are Jewish. The normative answer reads into the phrases a special obligation to promote the common good of the Jewish people. The Article argues that the phrases are unobjectionable when taken in the descriptive sense, but problematic when understood in the normative sense. A state that is guided by the normative answer would offer inadequate protection to key interests of minorities. The critique of the normative answer also points to the more positive conclusion that Israel should foster an Israeli civic identity amongst all its citizens.
A systematic review of botany, phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of “Hoja sant
a” (Piper auritum Kunth)
Authors: Salleh Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan
Published: September 2020

Hoja santa (Piper auritum) refers to an important presence in Mexican cuisine. The information of this review article was gathered from several electronic sources such as Scopus, Medline, Scielo, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Lilacs. Phytochemical studies have revealed the presence of benzoic acid derivatives, phenylpropanoids and triterpenoids, while the essential oils have shown its richness in safrole, hence it has several activities, such as antioxidant, toxicity, insecticidal, anti-diabetic and cytotoxic properties. This review is expected to draw the attention of medical professionals and the general public towards P. auritum as well as to open the door for detailed research in the future.
Intrinsic Threshold Stress Intensity of Additive Manufactured Metals
Authors: Sunder R. , Koraddi Ramesh , Gorunov Andrei
Published: September 2020

Intrinsic, closure-free, threshold stress intensity, ΔKth,i, is uniquely related to a certain computable near-tip residual stress, σ*; σ* is sensitive to applied stress ratio at given Kmax under constant-amplitude loading and, particularly so, to load history under variable-amplitude loading. ΔKth,i will vary significantly, depending on load conditions, rendering its characterization under controlled σ* crucial. Experiments on additive manufactured (AM) PH1 steel and 18Ni300 maraging steel confirm the possibility of characterizing the relationship between ΔKth,i and σ* using small-size compact tension, C(T), specimens. This opens the way for material characterization from miniature specimens cut out from smaller components. Application of the relationship between ΔKth,i and σ* leads to improved assessment of the structural integrity of AM components through residual crack growth analysis as well as specification of allowable defect size. It can serve as an input for optimization of AM process parameters.
Effects of Surface Roughness and Porosity on Fatigue Behavior of AlSi10Mg Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process
Authors: Lai Wei-Jen , Li Ziang , Ojha Avinesh , Li Yang , Forsmark Joy , Engler Carlos , Su Xuming
Published: September 2020

Effects of as-built surface roughness and porosity on fatigue performance were investigated for AlSi10Mg produced by the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process. As-built (with original surface roughness) and polished (surface roughness removed) samples were used to study the effect of surface roughness on fatigue strength. Results indicate that roughness has a significant effect on fatigue strength (approximately 40% decrease), and the current empirical model used for conventional materials significantly underestimates the roughness effect. The fatigue strengths in border and hatch regions were studied using polished samples and machined and polished samples. The machined and polished samples show a phenomenal fatigue strength of 154 MPa, which is 50% more compared to the polished-only samples (96 MPa). The samples were then subjected to homogenization to remove residual stress and ensure identical microstructure. The homogenized samples show no difference in fatigue strength in the border and hatch regions. The results suggest that residual stress might play a role in decreasing fatigue strength in the border region. Different porosity levels were produced to study the effect of defects on fatigue strength. The results show that the modified Murakami's model can correctly predict the fatigue strength based on defect size.
On the Challenges toward Realization of Functionally Graded Structures by Electron Beam Melting—Fe-Base Shape Memory Alloy and Stainless Steel
Authors: Torrent Christof , Bauer André , Vollmer Malte , Niendorf Thomas
Published: September 2020

In the present study, an iron-manganese-aluminum-nickel (Fe-Mn-Al-Ni) shape memory alloy was processed on an austenitic steel (AISI 304) build platform by electron beam melting in order to study the feasibility of realizing functionally graded structures consisting of two different materials (i.e., a functional and a structural material). Compression specimens consisting of the processed shape memory alloy and the austenitic build platform in equal parts were investigated. The microstructure was analyzed in the as-built state and after different heat treatments, focusing on the interface between both materials. Scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction measurements were conducted to reveal the relation between processing steps and the microstructural evolution. It is shown that the microstructure after the electron beam melting process is characterized by a preferred 〈001〉 orientation with respect to the build direction and that a suitable microstructure for good pseudoelastic performance can be realized by post-processing heat treatments. Finally, incremental strain tests up to 12% compressive strain were conducted to analyze the overall mechanical performance of the specimens.
Fretting Fatigue Characterization in Press-Fit Joints of AM Parts by X-Ray Tomography and Digital Image Correlation
Authors: Bacaicoa Inigo , Horn Sascha , Brueckner-Foit Angelika , Richter Julia , Niendorf Thomas
Published: September 2020

Complex structures made by additive manufacturing (AM) have to be integrated into larger components. In these cases, contact conditions at the press fit joint can induce crack initiation and accelerate damage accumulation when the system is subjected to cyclic loading. Surface-finishing techniques can improve the surface quality of AM structures. However, surface finishing can be a challenge when the geometry is extremely complex. Moreover, electropolishing, which is often applied to AM parts, is unable to reduce the waviness associated with the AM process, at least when reasonable polishing times are considered. Furthermore, the surface finishing of AM parts can lead to the opening of subsurface pores, which are associated with the AM process and are among the main causes of fatigue failure in AM parts. Cracks initiate from the micronotches related to the rough surface. However, at the same time, roughness tips can lead to superior form fit and additional adhesive forces, especially if the AM part has a higher hardness than the conventionally manufactured part. Consequently, new testing procedures have to be developed for press-fit joints involving AM parts subjected to vibrational loading as the classical fretting test cannot address the benefit of an additional form fit. In this study, the internal defect characteristics of AM specimens such as pores and lack of fusions, as well as the three-dimensional surface morphology, were characterized by high-resolution microcomputed tomography. The basic idea of the AM specific testing procedure presented in the present work is to use a classical flat dog-bone fatigue specimen with a press-fit joint in the center. This specimen is then subjected to fatigue loading in order to monitor the deformation field in the region of the joint by digital image correlation. This procedure enables the early detection of the onset of damage.
Del hurto de hallazgo al expolio de yacimientos arqueológicos. ¿Una oportunidad perdida?
Authors: Faraldo Cabana Patricia
Published: September 2020

En este trabajo se analizan los problemas que suscita el tratamiento penal del apoderamiento de bienes encontrados en yacimientos arqueológicos por parte del descubridor. El objetivo es valorar qué aporta a estos efectos el nuevo delito de expolio, introducido por la reforma de 2015, a la hora de afrontar esos problemas. El estudio tiene en cuenta la larga tradición de incardinación de esta conducta entre los delitos contra el patrimonio y los problemas concursales que se plantean con los delitos de daños sobre el patrimonio histórico.
Deformidad y grave deformidad en los delitos de lesiones: fundamento, significado, alcance y criterios de diferenciación
Authors: Borja Jiménez Emiliano
Published: September 2020

Los subtipos de deformidad y grave deformidad se encuentran entre las lesiones agravadas por el resultado. Sin embargo, el fundamento de su mayor gravedad es distinto. Pues, además del ataque a la integridad corporal, se castiga el menoscabo de la dignidad humana en su proyección como derecho a la propia identidad de la persona en sus relaciones con los demás. Sobre esta idea se reinterpretan los significados de los términos típicos deformidad y grave deformidad. Y se establecen las bases materiales que legitiman la diferenciación punitiva entre ambas figuras delictivas. Finalmente, bajo esta concepción teórica, se examinan los supuestos prácticos derivados de la jurisprudencia de los tribunales y su corrección en relación con la aplicación de la ley penal.
The processing of Pinus radiata: Pore size distribution changes in the cell wall structure studied by pressure plate technique and mercury intrusion porosimetry
Authors: Giacomozzi Dante , Joutsimo Olli , Zelinka Samuel L.
Published: September 2020

The pore size distribution of cell walls in softwood pulps was studied using the pressure plate technique and mercury intrusion porosimetry, which together make it possible to cover the range from 101 to 106 nm in pore sizes (mesopores and macropores). The differences in pore size distribution between never-dried pulp from a fiber line, industrially-dried pulp, and laboratory-dried pulps were evaluated. The results showed an increase in the relative pore volume (100 to 2,000 nm) between industrial washing and bleaching stages. Also, mercury porosimetry showed a broadening of the pore size distribution of cell walls after industrial drying. Results showed that, besides the changes in micropore and mesopore size distributions, the macropore range is also affected by processing and drying.
Preparations and properties of polyurethane adhesives modified by corn straw lignin
Authors: Sun Nan , Lai Yayun , Xu Yushu , Wang Luoqing , Shang Xinyu , Di Mingwei , Kong Xianzhi
Published: September 2020

The conversion of lignin into valuable products has attracted the interest of researchers. A series of modified polyurethane adhesives were prepared by blending corn straw enzymatic hydrolyzed lignin with polyester polyol and tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate. Mechanical properties, chemical structures, and thermal stability of the adhesives were characterized by mechanical properties tests, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of shear strength test under room temperature and high temperature showed that the shear strength for modified polyurethane adhesives was improved by introduction of lignin. The introduction of lignin also improved the heat resistance of polyurethane adhesive. The TGA analysis results showed there were two stages in the thermal decomposition of the lignin blend modified polyurethane adhesive, and the maximum decomposition temperature of the first stage increased with the increase of lignin content, while the maximum decomposition temperature of the second stage decreased with the increase of lignin content. The TGA-FTIR combination analysis studied the main gas generated in the two decomposition stage’s peak times, of which CO2 was produced in the first stage, and CH4 was created in the second stage, indicating that the molecular chain fracture process of the two kinds of adhesives was similar in the whole decomposition process.
Characterization of a novolac resin substituting phenol by ammonium lignosulfonate as filler or extender
Authors: Pérez Juan Manuel , Rodríguez Francisco , Alonso M. Virginia , Oliet Mercedes , Echeverría Juan M.
Published: September 2020

In this work two types of lignin-novolac resins have been formulated, partially substituting phenol by softwood ammonium lignosulfonate as filler or extender (methylolated) to study the viability of that substitution when resins will be employed as adhesives in textile felts. A commercial novolac resin was used as reference. Free phenol, free formaldehyde, water content, softening point, and flow distance values were determined in all cases to verify whether the material fulfills specifications. In addition, FTIR and NMR spectroscopic techniques were employed for the characterization of three resins samples tested to discuss their structural differences and similarities. The results obtained have shown that the substitution proposed is feasible from the point of view of the resins synthesis to get the pre-polymer.
Early development of human ganglionic eminences assessed in vitro by using 7.04 Tesla micro-MRI – a pilot study
Authors: Boitor-Borza Dan , Turcu Flavius , Farcasanu Stefan , Crivii Carmen
Published: September 2020

Background and aims. Ganglionic eminences are temporary structures which appear during the 5th week post-fertilization on the floor of telencephalic vesicles and disappear until the 35th week of gestation. The aim of this descriptive study of morphological research is to depict the ganglionic eminences within the embryonic and early fetal brains by using micro-MRI.

Methods. Six human embryos and fetuses ranging from 21 mm crown-rump length CRL (9 gestational week GW) to 85 mm CRL (14 GW) were examined in vitro by micro-MRI. The investigation was performed with a Bruker BioSpec 70/16USR scanner (Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany) operating at 7.04 Tesla.

Results. We describe the morphological characteristics of the ganglionic eminences at different gestational ages. The acquisition parameters were modified for each subject in order to obtain an increased spatial resolution. The remarkable spatial resolution of 27 µm/voxel allows visualization of millimetric structures of the developing brain on high quality micro-MR images.

Conclusion. In our study we give the description of the ganglionic eminences within the embryonic and early fetal brains by using micro-MRI, which have not been previously documented in literature. Micro-MRI provides accurate images, which are comparable with the histological slices.
The disenchantment of medicine
Authors: Buta Mircea Gelu
Published: September 2020

The disenchantment of the world and the understanding of the human body as a machine led to the training of physicians as mechanics, specialized in a limited field of the profession, in order to increase their competence and efficiency.
The metaphor by which the body is understood as a machine gradually took hold of the public consciousness, changing the perception of society, about the role and purpose of the doctor.
In this reality, the doctor-patient relationship, captive to the technical system, descends into dark and cold corners, drained by the mystery of human life. There are times when doctors, aware that their mechanistic training is not always enough to fulfil their vocation, realize that the medical act takes place on two levels: divine and human, and their unity is ensured by the love of God. The lack of this love gives way to evil, with the appearance of surprising medical failures, many of them unexplained rationally.
A Review of Various Swarm Intelligence Based Routing Protocols for Iot
Authors: Shailja Agnihotri  , K.R. Ramkumar
Published: September 2020

The paper provides insight into various swarm intelligence based routing protocols for Internet of Things (IoT), which are currently available for the Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and wireless sensor networks (WSNs). There are several issues which are limiting the growth of Internet of Things. These include the reliability, link failures, routing, heterogeneity etc. The MANETs and WSNs routing issues impose almost same requirements for IoT routing mechanism. The recent work of the worldwide researchers is focused on this area. protocols are based on the principles of swarm intelligence. The swarm intelligence is applied to achieve the optimality and the efficiency in solving the complex, multi-hop and dynamic requirements of the wireless networks. The application of the ACO technique tries to provide answers to many routing issues. Using the swarm intelligence and ant colony optimization principles, it has been seen that, the protocols’ efficiency definitely increases and also provides more scope for the development of more robust, reliable and efficient routing protocols for the IoT. As the various standard protocols available for MANETs and WSNs are not reliable enough, the paper finds the need of some efficient routing algorithms for IoT.
Screening of Antianxiety Activity of Habenaria Intermedia D. Don Fruits
Authors:   IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala – 144601, Punjab, India, Kumar Pawan , Madaan Reecha ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura – 140401, Punjab, India, Sidhu Shabir ,   IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala – 144601, Punjab, India
Published: September 2020

Habenaria intermedia D. Don (Vriddhi; Orchidaceae) has been traditionally used in the treatment of nervous disorders, skin disorders and asthma. The available pharmacological reports on H. intermedia reveal that the plant has not been screened for antianxiety activity. Thus, it was envisaged to subject H. intermedia for screening of antianxiety activity using elevated plus maze model. The crude extracts (n-hexane, chloroform, methanol and water extracts) of plant material were prepared successively in increasing order of polarity. The anxiolytic activity was assessed by comparing number of entries and average time spent by mice treated with test extracts (200 or 400 mg/kg, p.o.) in open arms of EPM with respect to control and standard drug, diazepam (2 mg/kg, p.o.). Significant antianxiety activity was observed in methanol extract with respect to control, whereas n-hexane, chloroform and water extracts did not exhibit antianxiety activity. It is further observed that antianxiety activity exhibited by the methanol extract was statistically not equivalent to the standard drug. Based on these observations, it is concluded that the methanol extract of H. intermedia exhibits mild anxiolytic activity.
Evaluation of Polyherbal Anticancer Tablets: A Review
Authors:   Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, Dubey Ishan , Saluja Manmeet Singh ,   Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota, Rajasthan, India, Gilhotra Ritu M ,   Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, Chhajed Mahavir ,   Indore Institute of Pharmacy, Rau, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: September 2020

Cancer is a malignant abnormal growth of cells, one of the most dreaded and complex diseases. It concerns with several tempo spatial changes in cell composition, which finally lead to neoplasia. Various types of cancers have been reported. Chemotherapy, radiation, and/or surgery may cure them. Herbal remedies are supposed to be harmless as they cause fewer complications and are less likely to habitual. Antioxidant compositions of therapeutic plants show the anticancer activity and therefore, use of different proportions of the active components to formulate various standardized preparation with single or multiple components for their synergistic effects play a crucial role in curing cancer. Evaluation parameters to assess the in vitro anticancer activity includes Caspase-3, Caspase-9, alamar blue, LDH assay, XTT assay, sulforhodamine-B assay, MTT assay, DNA fragmentation assay, neutral red uptake cytotoxic assay, tryphan blue assay. Evaluation of dried extract or granules includes bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio, angle of repose while the tablets evaluated by drug-excipient compatibility study by FT-IR, stability studies, hardness, thickness, weight variation, friability, disintegration time and dissolution test.
Stability Analysis of Integrated Pest Management with Impulsive Biological Control
Authors: Bhanu Gupta  , Amit Sharma  , Sanjay K. Srivastava
Published: September 2020

The aim of the present work is to study the dynamics of stage-structured pest control model including biological control, i.e. by releasing of natural enemies and infected pests periodically. It is assumed that only immature susceptible pests are attacked by natural enemies admitting Beddington DeAngelis functional response and mature susceptible pests are contacted by infected pests with bilinear incidence rate and become exposed. The sufficient condition for local stability of pest extinction periodic solution is derived by making use of Floquet’s theory and small amplitude perturbation technique. The global attractivity of pest extinction periodic solution is also established by applying comparison principle of impulsive differential equations.
More on R-Union and R-Intersection of Neutrosophic Soft Cubic Set
Authors: R. Anitha Cruz  , F. Nirmala Irudayam
Published: September 2020

R-unions and R-intersections, R-OR, R-AND of Neutrosophic soft cubic sets are introduced and related properties are investigated. We show that the R-union (R-intersection) of internal neutrosophic soft cubic set is also an internal neutrosophic soft cubic set. We show that the R-union and the R-intersection T-external (I-external, F-external) neutrosophic soft cubic sets are also T-external ( I-external, F-external) neutrosophic soft cubic sets. The conditions for the R-intersection of two cubic soft sets to be both an external neutrosophic soft cubic set and an internal neutrosophic soft cubic set. Further we provide a condition for the R- intersection and R union of two T-internal (I-internal, F-internal) neutrosophic soft cubic sets are T-external (I-external, F-external) neutrosophic soft cubic sets.
Duplicating a Vertex with an Edge in Divided Square Difference Cordial Graphs
Authors: A. Alfred Leo  , R Vikramaprasad
Published: September 2020

In this present work, we discuss divided square difference (DSD) cordial labeling in the context of duplicating a vertex with an edge in DSD cordial graphs such as path graph, cycle graph, star graph, wheel graph, helm graph, crown graph, comb graph and snake graph.
Approximate Analytical Solution of Advection-Dispersion Equation By Means of OHAM.
Authors: D J Prajapati  , N B Desai
Published: September 2020

This work deals with the analytical solution of advection dispersion equation arising in solute transport along unsteady groundwater flow in finite aquifer. A time dependent input source concentration is considered at the origin of the aquifer and it is assumed that the concentration gradient is zero at the other end of the aquifer. The optimal homotopy analysis method (OHAM) is used to obtain numerical and graphical representation.
Some Applications of The New Integral Transform For Partial Differential Equations
Authors: S L Shaikh
Published: September 2020

In this paper we have derived Sadik transform of the partial derivatives of a function of two variables. We have demonstrated the applicability of the Sadik transform by solving some examples of partial differential equations. We have verified solutions of partial differential equations by Sadik transform with the Laplace transform and the Sumudu transform.
Ten-year evolution on credit risk research: a systematic literature review approach and discussion
Authors: Assef Fernanda Medeiros , Steiner Maria Teresinha Arns
Published: September 2020

Given its importance in financial risk management, credit risk analysis, since its introduction in 1950, has been a major influence both in academic research and in practical situations. In this work, a systematic literature review is proposed which considers both “Credit Risk” and “Credit risk” as search parameters to answer two main research questions: are machine learning techniques being effectively applied in research about credit risk evaluation? Furthermore, which of these quantitative techniques have been mostly applied over the last ten years of research? Different steps were followed to select the papers for the analysis, as well as the exclusion criteria, in order to verify only papers with Machine Learning approaches. Among the results, it was found that machine learning is being extensively applied in Credit Risk Assessment, where applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) were mostly found, more specifically Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). After the explanation of each answer, a discussion of the results is presented.
Biorefinery Concept Applied to Phytochemical Extraction and Bio-Syngas Production using Agro-Industrial Waste Biomass: A Review
Authors: Aristizabal Carlos , Alvarado Pedro , Vargas Andrés
Published: September 2020

Second-generation biomass is a renewable resource that can address the increasing global energy demand and help to partially substitute the use of and dependence on fossil fuels, since it can be transformed into gas, liquid and/or solid fuels by physical, thermal, thermochemical and/or biological processes. However, its potential is not fully exploited because the process to extract the phytochemicals present in such organic byproducts has been largely omitted. Natural compounds are of interest to high value-added industries such as cosmetics and pharmaceutics. Therefore, this work proposes to thoroughly use such residual biomass in a biorefinery by a simultaneous, efficient and sustainable integration and operation of extraction processes to obtain phytochemicals and functional extracts. A thermochemical process known as gasification is implemented to produce syngas, which can be turned into fuels, chemicals, and energy such as methanol and synthetic gasoline. Furthermore, this review article describes the state of the art of each process and the concept of biorefinery.
Pelayanan Pembuatan Akta Kelahiran Di Kabupaten Subang
Authors: Abdilah Wawan Setiawan , Abdullah Puji Fitriani
Published: September 2020

According to the data gained by researchers from the Department of Population and Civil Registration in Subang, there are still the number of children aged 0 to 18 years who do not owna Birth Certificate. In 2018, the Subang Population and Civil Registry Service set a target of 85%, where children in Subang Ages 0 to 18 years must own a Birth Certificate. However, there are lots of obstacles to realizing this target, both from service and the community. The research method used in this study is qualitative approach. In this study, researchers used a descriptive research type so that it would be described how effective the service of making Birth Certificates for Children aged 0 to 18 years in the Population and Civil Registry Office of Subang. In order to get data and information, The techniques that the researchers did are through observation and interviews. The results of the research in the field show that the effectiveness of birth certificate making services in the context of fulfilling the identity of children aged 0 to 18 years in Subang in terms of service is very optimal but there are obstacles from the community.
Effects of wetting/drying cycles on pore characteristics in sandstone from Wanzhou, China
Authors: Yang X. , Cao L. , Zhao F. , Sun Q.
Published: September 2020

The microstructure and appearance of sandstone samples from the bank slope of the Three Gorges Reservoir of the Yangtze River in Wanzhou District, Chongqing, China were evaluated before and after wetting/drying cycles in aqueous solution using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Water/rock interactions including dissolution, ion exchange, hydration, dissolution and oxidation/reduction changed the mineral composition and microstructure of the rock mass media along with the pore structure and mineral particle shape of the rock mass. During wetting/drying cycles, the internal morphology of the sandstone gradually changed from neat and dense to fractured and loose. In greenish-grey sandstone, multiple wetting/drying cycles led to decreases in the proportions of micropores (0–0·01 μm) and small pores (0·01–0·1 μm), while the proportions of mesopores (0·1–1 μm) and macropores (>1 μm) gradually increased. In grey-white sandstone, multiple wetting/drying cycles also led to a decrease in the proportion of micropores, while the proportions of small pores, mesopores and macropores gradually increased. These results could provide a significant guidance for the further study of the stability of the slope rock on the reservoir bank and the formation of effective stability maintenance and reinforcement measures.
2a. Create ptoolsRegMotifs Database and ptools Users v1
Authors: P Harhay Gregory
Published: September 2020

Create MySQL database to hold the motifs discovered within intergenic regions and the results of using MemeSuite tools to compare these motifs to known promoters and transcription factor binding sites.
PV Panellerin Farklı Koşullar Altında I-V Eğrisini Çıkartan ve Maksimum Güç Noktası Takibi Yapan Deney Sisteminin Tasarımı
Authors: DURUSU Ali , ERDUMAN Ali
Published: September 2020

Yakın
tarihte artan sanayileşmeyle beraber enerjiye olan ihtiyaç artmıştır.
Konvansiyonel enerji ham maddelerinin azalması ve çevreye olan kötü etkilerinin
artmasından dolayı yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının önemi artmıştır.
Günümüzde güneş enerjisi yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları arasında en çok
bilinen ve tercih edilenlerden biridir. Güneş enerjisini elektrik enerjisine
dönüştürmek için fotovoltaik (PV) güneş panelleri kullanılmaktadır. Bir PV
hücrenin elektriksel karakteristiği genellikle akım-gerilim (I-V) eğrisi ile
temsil edilir. Bu eğri ışınım, sıcaklı vb. dış ortam değişkenlerine bağlı
olarak değişkenlik göstermektedir. Dış ortam değişkenlerine bağlı olarak PV
güç-gerilim (P-V) eğrisi üzerinde maksimum güç noktası takibi (MPPT) yöntemleri
ile yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, PV panellerin I-V ve P-V eğrilerinin
çıkartılıp bir ekranda gösterilmesi ve maksimum güç takibi yapan devre
tasarlanmıştır. MPPT için Sars&Gözlemle (P&O) algoritması
kullanılmıştır. MPPT devresinde yükseltici dc-dc dönüştürücü tercih edilmiştir.
Sensörler yardımıyla panelden elde edilen akım ve gerilim değerleri, kontrol
kartına aktarılarak değerlendirilmiş ve yükseltici tip dönüştürücüdeki
anahtarlama elemanı için anahtarlama sinyallerinin üretimi
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Böylece PV panelin o anki verebileceği maksimum güç elde
edilmiştir. Ayrıca farklı durumlar altında elde edilen akım gerilim değerleri
bilgisayar ortamına aktarılmıştır.
Bats in Southeastern Turkey (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Authors: YORULMAZ Tarkan , TOYRAN Kubilay , ALBAYRAK İrfan
Published: September 2020

Southeastern Turkey is an important geographical region where the bat species spreading especially in Arabian Peninsula, North Africa and the Middle East enter in Turkey and have an intense population. The aim of this study was to identify the bat species in this region, which has glacial mountains, arid steppes, river valleys and vast plains. As a result of the field studies conducted between 2004 and 2017, totally 15 species belonging to Emballonuridae, Rhinolophidae, Vespertilionidae and Molossidae families of Microchiroptera suborder were identified in the study area. The habitat characteristics of the species and their locality records were presented. In this study, Myotis nattererii, M. aurescens, and Rhinolophus mehelyi were firstly recorded in the study area. Also, two new locations were determined for Taphozous nudiventris known from one location in Turkey up to the present.
Study on biochemical and radiological profile in children clinically diagnosed as tubercular meningoencephalitis: a prospective study from a tertiary care centre in Rajasthan
Authors: Goyal Suresh , . Shashibala , Sanadhya Anuradha , Mehrotra Juhi
Published: September 2020

Background: Objective of the current study was to assess biochemical profile and neuroimaging findings in children diagnosed with neurotuberculosis in a tertiary care centre in Southern Rajasthan, India.Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in Department of Pediatrics, tertiary care centre in Southern Rajasthan, India from July 2017 to June 2018. Total 110 children of age group of 6 months to 18 years with the diagnosis of tubercular meningoencephalitis (TBME) on the basis of clinical evaluation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination and neuroimaging were included in the study.Results: Among 110 children included in the study, CSF lymphocytic pleocytosis was seen in all. Majority of children (56.36%) cell counts were in the range of 101-500 cells/µl and mean CSF cell count was 198.09±177.86 per µl. CSF protein ranges from 100 to 400 mg/dl in 68.2% children and 19 children had CSF protein >400 mg/dl with mean of 230.98±167.73 mg/dl. In majority of patients (40%) CSF glucose level was in range of 20-40 mg/dl and in 31.82% children CSF glucose was <20 mg/dl. Mean CSF sugar level was 33.86±18.22 mg/dl. None of them demonstrated acid fast bacillus (AFB) on Ziehl-Neelsen staining of CSF sample. Chest radiographic abnormality was found in 41.82% cases. Mantoux test was positive in 16.36% (18) children admitted with TBME. Common abnormalities noted on neuroimaging were: Communicating hydrocephalus (77.27%), meningeal enhancement (40%), infarction (27.27%), cerebral oedema (11.82%) and 9.09% has tuberculoma on neuroimaging. CSF and gastric aspirate were examined by cartridge based nuleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB), among them 5 (4.55%) children had positive in CSF and 16 (14.55%) had gastric aspirate positive for MTB by CBNAAT.Conclusions: Clinical, biochemical and radiological parameters is sufficient enough to diagnose TBME in children.
Extended sick neonatal score in prediction of mortality of neonates transported to tertiary healthcare centre and its comparison with sick neonatal score and temperature, oxygenation, perfusion and blood sugar score
Authors: Shah Bela H. , Gosai Dhara , Pikle Anurag S.
Published: September 2020

Background: India contributes up to 25% of neonatal mortality worldwide. Most of the times, the patient deteriorates in-transit from periphery to tertiary healthcare facility. There is a need for reliable scoring system in analysis of neonates transferred to tertiary healthcare centers in prediction of in-hospital mortality. The aim of the research was to evaluate the efficiency of extended sick neonatal score in ‘in-hospital’ mortality prediction of neonates referred to tertiary healthcare institutes and to compare it with that of other scoring systems like sick neonatal score and temperature, oxygenation, perfusion and blood sugar (TOPS) score.Methods: The research was a retrospective observational study. All extra-mural neonates admitted over a period of one month at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of our tertiary healthcare centre were considered after informed consent and the required parameters for scoring were assessed. Data was collected according to a pre-formed proforma.Results: Over a period of one month, 145 neonates attended on arrival were analyzed according to the mentioned systems. Various cohorts were considered. Of the systems analyzed, extended sick neonatal score had the highest sensitivity and specificity, regardless of the cohort.Conclusions: Extended sick neonatal score was more efficient than sick neonatal score and TOPS score in mortality prediction of sick neonates.
A cross sectional survey in paediatricians pertaining to management of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants: Indian perspectives
Authors: Bhatnagar Shrish , Mane Roshan R. , Shaikh Irfan A. , Kadhe Ganesh
Published: September 2020

Background: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in infants and toddlers possess extensive burden to the parents and healthcare professionals. Guidelines addressing the practices in diagnosis and management of FGIDs in infants in Indian subcontinent is unavailable. Hence this study assessed current knowledge, attitude and practice of pediatricians in diagnosis and treatment of FGIDs.Methods: A cross-sectional survey based on a structured questionnaire assessed pediatrician’s knowledge about prevalence and profile of most common GI disorders in pediatric age groups (birth to 12 months), association of FGIDs with different feeding practices, impact of FGID on quality of life, various management options and physician preferred method of treatment.Results: Colic was rated as the most common GI disorder, followed by gassiness/fussiness, regurgitation and constipation. About 59% pediatricians come across FGIDs more in formula-fed infants compared to breastfed infants (4.2%) and 93.9% pediatricians affirm that FGIDs affect quality of life. Approximately 91% pediatricians believed reassurance and education was the best management option, which was also reported as the preferred mode of management by about 89% pediatricians, whereas pharmacological therapies were the least preferred (1.6%). For breastfed infants suffering with regurgitation, colic or constipation, majority pediatricians opted for switching to 100% whey partially hydrolysed protein formula; sequentially followed by use of pre/probiotics and switch to extensively hydrolyzed protein formula.Conclusions: Parental education and reassurance offer an ideal mode of management of FGIDs. Partially hydrolysed protein formula may be considered one of the best management options irrespective of the FGID condition in infants who are breastfeed.
Predictors of mortality in neonatal septicemia in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Gosai Dhara , Shah Bela H. , S. Jyothi
Published: September 2020

Background: Neonatal septicemia continues to be a major cause of mortality and morbidity in new-borns all over the world. Aim and objectives of the study were determining the risk factors for mortality in neonatal septicemia.Methods: A retrospective observational study of the demographics, clinical features and laboratory parameters of 100 neonates admitted in NICU of a tertiary care hospital from September 2019 to March 2020.Results: 67% of neonates delivered outside centre and 33% of neonates delivered at centre were found to have sepsis exclusively based on culture positivity. A significant association was found between very low birth rate (VLBW) (p value<0.001), prematurity (p value<0.01) and high neonatal mortality. Among the different clinical presentations of neonatal sepsis, lethargy (p value<0.02), apnea (p value<0.01) and hypothermia (p value<0.02) were found to be frequently associated with neonatal mortality. Further, C-reactive protein (CRP) positivity (p value<0.003), hyperglycaemia (p value<0.0009) and thrombocytopenia (p value<0.0009) were also associated with high neonatal mortality. Gram positive bacteria were frequently isolated from blood cultures of deceased neonates, Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) (36.1%), being the commonest bacteria followed by B. subtilis (11.1%), Klebsiella spp. (11.1%) and Acinetobacter spp. (8.3%).Conclusion: Demographic factors like VLBW, prematurity, outborn deliveries, clinical and laboratory parameters like lethargy, apnea, hypothermia, thrombocytopenia and hyperglycemia are strong predictors of mortality in neonatal.