bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of salivary alpha-amylase level in patients undergoing surgical extraction of impacted lower wisdom teeth
Authors: Jumaah Falah Hasan , Al-Adili Sahar Shakir
Published: August 2022

Objectives: to evaluate changes in the level of salivary alpha amylase following surgical removal of impacted lower wisdom teeth. Methodology: this is a prospective cohort study, which included patients submitted for surgical extraction of impacted lower wisdom teeth, three samples of saliva were taken from each patient (preoperative, 48 hours, and 7 days postoperatively). The concentration of salivary amylase is assessed using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit, the difference between salivary amylase level pre- and postoperatively were assessed and correlated with the variables which are age, gender and side of impaction. Results: 36 impacted lower wisdom teeth were removed from 34 patients (19 females 55.88%, and 15 males 44.12%) with mean age of 24.85 years and a standard deviation of 4.93 years, 19 impacted lower wisdom teeth were in the right side (53%) and 17 (47%) were in the left side. The mean ± SD of preoperative salivary amylase concentration was 126.2 ± 31.97, 48 hours postoperatively it was 131.8 ± 48.99, and 7 days postoperatively it was 127.0 ± 32.09. The difference between pre- and postoperative salivary amylase level was non-significant. Conclusion: salivary alpha amylase level rises but non-significantly after surgical removal of impacted lower wisdom teeth.
novel approach for underpreparation protocol in dental implant with low bone quality depending on hounsfield unit presurgically
Authors: Jasim Hayder H , Aloosi Suha N
Published: August 2022

Objective: The purpose of this research was to adapt a normal or undersized implant preparation protocol for different bone densities depending on the density measure (Implant stability quotient ISQ, Newton centimeter NCM) and from Cone Beam Computed Tomography reading pre-surgically. To eliminate the need for practice and experience in inserting implants in poor bone quality areas to enhance implant primary stability and survival rate. Material and methods: Fifty-nine patients were selected for inclusion in the study. A total of fifty-nine implants were placed. Insertion torque data were recorded, resonance frequency analysis measurements were taken at first stage surgery, and Hounsfield Unit HU was assessed before surgery and kept hidden to prevent bias. The implant preparation protocol divided the patients into two groups whether standard or undersized, which was determined according to the tactile sensation of the operator. Depending on primary stability measures (ISQ, NCM) samples were divided into 4 subgroups. Finally, HU measurements were taken from subgroups with high stability measures to assess whether to do a standard or underprepared surgical preparation. Result:  the result showed a positive and strong correlation with a high significance between ISQ, HU, and insertion torque.
New insight into risk factors for gastroesophageal reflux in infants
Authors: Suleiman Mahmood Hazim , Al-Hafidh Nashwan Mustafa
Published: August 2022

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux is a common problem in infancy. This study aimed to discover new risk factors that may contribute to gastroesophageal reflux in infants.  Method and Materials: The current study adopted a case-control design to accomplish the objectives of the study for the period from 29th of December 2021 to 30th of June 2022. A probability sample was selected according to a systematic method for choosing the primary health care centers. A non-probability sample was purposively selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of infants diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux including a total of 140 infants aged from one month to twelve months, 70 infants with gastroesophageal reflux were in the study group and 70 infants in the healthy control group. Questionnaire form was applied to all participants at six enrolled primary health care centers in Mosul city. Results: The following studied hypothesized risk factors significantly differed between infants with gastroesophageal reflux and the healthy control group: twin infants (p=0.004), use of a pacifier (p=0.00), use of wrapping (p=0.00), exposure to smoking (p=0.00), family history of asthma (p=0.00), and starting position for infants (p=0.00).
Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial activity of Tulsi extract [Ocimum Sanctum (Linn.)] and Curcumin extract [Curcuma Longa] with 0.2% Chlorhexidine on Periodontal Pathogens
Authors: Parikh Antara , Rathod Varsha , Halan Vedika , Kubal Aishwarya
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Periodontal disease is associated with colonization of specific bacteria in the subgingival area. Widespread use of antimicrobials has resulted in emergence of various side effects and drug resistance. Phytomedicine has been used in many clinical conditions and it appears to be a suitable alternative to manage conditions affecting the oral cavity. AIM: Present study aims to assess the in-vitro antimicrobial efficacy of Tulsi extract and Curcumin extract on Periodontal pathogens. MATERIALS & METHODS: Ethanolic extract of 100% w/v of Tulsi and Curcumin was prepared by cold extraction technique. Prepared extracts were further diluted to obtain solutions of 5 different concentrations to be tested (0.5%, 1%, 2% and 5%). Obtained solutions and controls (0.2% Chlorhexidine and Distilled water) were subjected to the microbiological investigation against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Agar well diffusion method was employed to determine the concentration at which Tulsi and Curcumin gave an inhibition zone, similar to Chlorhexidine. Data was analysed using one‑way analysis of variance and post‑hoc test for inter-group and intra‑group comparisons. RESULTS: At 10% concentration both Tulsi and Curcumin extract have demonstrated comparable antimicrobial activity against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Study of correlation of neonatal low birth weight and maternal anemia in first, second and third trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Viral Makwana B. , Rakeshbhai Chavda Prachi
Published: August 2022

In Indian antenatal scenario , anemia in pregnant women is one of the commonest pathology routinely encountered. the most common cause of anemia during pregnancy is Iron deficiency anemia. Objective: To identify and analyze the real impact of Anemia during pregnancy individual all three trimesters of pregnancy in Indian pregnant women and its real effect on fetal weight. Materials and Methods: Retrospective evaluation of about 400 pregnant women who came for delivery during the study period February 2022 to May 2022  in Dhiraj hospital, Pipariya was done. The status and level of hemoglobin of these pregnant women during all three  trimesters of pregnancy was done by proper detailed record of laboratory investigations and  record of neonatal birth  weight was done. Results: Among 400 Pregnant patients who had been delivered at  Dheeraj Hospital , more than 72 % mothers were anemic in any of the three trimester of pregnancy. The rate of low birth weight baby was higher in these anemic mother than nonanemic mother in any of the three trimester. Conclusions: Considering the relationship between maternal anemia and LBW in the third trimester of pregnancy, anemia in third trimester can be used as a preventable factor for infant LBW.
Formulation, evaluation, and in vitro drug diffusion of niosomal gel of selected drug
Authors: Agrawal Shruti , Jain Pushpendra
Published: August 2022

Aim: To minimise toxicity and alter pharmacokinetic and bioavailability, niosomes are becoming more significant in medication delivery. Rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and degenerative joint disease may benefit from this new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic drug. Materials and Methods: Non-ionic surfactants (Span 40, 60, and Tween 60) and cholesterol were used in various ratios to create tolmetin sodium niosomes in a thin film hydration process (CHO). Evaluations of the formulations were conducted in terms of size, shape, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release. Results: In vitro drug release ranged from 94.87±0.45 to 93.19±0.45 percent in 24 hours for niosomes that looked spherical in entrapment efficiency. Incorporating Tolmetin sodium niosomes with Span 60 and CHO in the ratio of 1:2.1 into Carbopol gel was shown to be promising. Tolmetin drug noisome has a drug content and pH of 99.19±1.20 and 7.0±0.06, respectively. Conclusion: An improved bioavailability gel formulation with Tolmetin sodium in niosomal form demonstrated longer effect than gel formulations containing Tolmetin in non-niosomal form.
Socio-cultural interface in shashi despande’s the binding vine
Authors: Maheswari V. Uma
Published: August 2022

Women writers gave new dimension to Indian Literature. It took several years and numerous notable individuals to elevate Indian English writing to its current stature and reputation. Many women authors created songs, short tales, and plays long before novels became popular. They are regarded as stewards of India's rich fable and story-telling legacy. In their writings, they incorporate the recurring female experiences, which soon affected the Cultural and Language patterns of Indian Literature. Shashi Despande is among the sensitive thinkers who perceive the numerous elements of human experiences in order to draw serious conclusions about the individual's predicament in the face of society's insurmountable norms. She conceives the plots of her novel speculating the position of woman in relation to social paradigms and established religious practices. Shashi Despande, encourages the cult of ‘withdrawal’ and ‘complain’ but develops the aesthetics of self assertiveness for self preservation. The Binding Vine is a novel with a complicated structure and several levels of recommendations, concentrating on the illusions of man-woman relationships, the horror of rape, society's indifference, and the emptiness of marriage as an institution.
Phytochemical analysis and GC-MS-MS investigation of methanol extract of Calotropis procera aerial parts
Authors: Oraibi Amjad I. , Jaberi Mohanad S. Al , Mansour Oussama
Published: August 2022

The purpose of our study was to examine chemical constituents of Calotropis Procera aerial parts using preliminary chemical test and GC-MS-MS analysis  since no  enough phytochemical investigation had been done regarding the plant in Iraq, the aerial parts leaves stems and fruits  of C. Procera were extracted  in 95% aqueous methanol in soxhlet  and fractionated with n-hexane , chloroform respectively . The extract was analyzed using specific chemical reactions to diagnose the chemicals specifically the important secondary metabolites, and then checked further in GC-MSMS to identify the identity of each compound.
Effect of staphyloxanthin from staphylococcus aureus on breast cancer cell line
Authors: Hassan Taif  H. , Subhi Israa M. , Ibrahim Dania B.
Published: August 2022

One hundred and  six  of  different  specimens  were collected  from  patients  in  Baghdad  hospitals  with  different ages and  genders  during the period between December   to March, 2022. All  bacterial  Isolates  have  been  submitted  to  the  cultural, microscopically, biochemical examination and Vitek2 system.  Fifty two bacterial  isolates 49%  belonged to  Staphylococcus  aureus.  The  results showed the  percentage of infection of  S. aureus  from Nasal cavitites of (medical staff  and patient) Burns and  wound 38.9%  Which was the  most accessible site for S. aureus  infection. As  well  as  the   results  showed  the   percentages   of  infection  of      S.  aureus isolated from urine and  blood were (22%) and (27%) respectively  and from eyes (20%), while isolates obtained from other specimens were lower. The  ability  of    Staphylococcus  aureus  isolates  to  produce  staphyloxanthin pigment was   tested and (TID14) isolate gave the highest pigment production (1.87). In (MCF-7) cell line maximum ratio of inhibition was 84% at conc. of 1000µg/ml  , 77% at 500µg/ml, 74% at 250µg/ml  and 71% at 125µg/ml , while in (REF) normal cell line at 72hrs exposure time  inhibition ratio was 29% at conc. of 1000µg/ml, 26% at 500µg/ml , 23% at 250µg/ml  and 20% at 125µg/ml.
Molecular characterization of virulence and antimicrobial resistance profile of Shigella species isolated from children in Delta, Egypt
Authors: Sonbol Fatma Ibrahim , Elbanna‬ Tarek Elsaeed , Zaki Maysaa El Sayed , Elderiny Hind Awad
Published: August 2022

Background: The ability of Shigella to invade, colonize, and kill host cells is affected by many virulence factors. The study aimed to confirm the identification and assess the presence of 12 virulence genes of the recovered Shigella spp. and 6 common antibiotic resistance genes particularly in S.flexneri  isolates recovered   from delta area –Egypt.  Methods:  A total of 62 Shigella isolates were collected from different hospitals.  The detection of genes specific for the genus, serotypes, major virulence genes and genes encoding antibiotics resistance was performed by PCR. Results:  A total of 62 (6.7%) isolates were positive for Shigella spp. virulence genes namely ipaH & virA & sigA & icsA & sen genes were detected in all species while sat & sepA were not detected in S.boydii  . on the other hand, pic was not detected in the tested species isolates. The tested isolates also harboured all except blaCTXM antibiotic resistance gene.  Conclusions: This study provide information about the prevalence of MDR character and the distribution of virulence & antibiotic resistance genes for effective control policies within this geographic region. Keywords:  Shigella, pathogenesis, virulence genes, resistance genes.
Synthesis, identification of some new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives from 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil and evaluation of their molecular docking, Anti-oxidant and experimental
Authors: AL-Tamimi Mohammed B. Wathiq , Al-Majidi Suaad M. H.
Published: August 2022

The present work includes synthesis of new series of heterocyclic derivatives containing 6-amino-1,3-dimethyl uracil moiety linked to 1,2,4-triazole [6-8 and 10]. The first way includes reaction of 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil with ethyl chloroacetate with K2CO3 as catalyst in DMF as solvent to gives ester derivative [1]. Then, compound [1] was converted into (semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide, phenylsemicarbazide and hydrazide derivatives) as a result of the compound [1] reaction with (semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide, and phenylsemicarbazide and hydrazine hydrate) corresponding compound [2-5] respectively. Then, Cyclization of compound [2-5] in alkaline media (4N-NaOH) to give 1,2,4-triazole derivatives compounds [6-8] respectively. While, Compound [5] cyclization by reaction with CS2 in alkaline media (20% KOH) to give compound [9] that reacted directly with hydrazine hydrate to gives 1,3,4-triazole derivative [10]. The synthesized compounds were identified by spectral methods their [FTIR and some of them by 1HNMR, 13C-NMR] and measurements some of its physical properties and some specific testes. All the compounds were screened for in vitro antioxidant studies by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and phosphomolybdenum methods. Among the synthesized bioactive molecules [1-10] exhibited promising antioxidant activity compared with the standard drug Ascorbic acid.
Synthesis and characterization of methotrexate nanoparticals
Authors: Abbas Hassan Hufdhy , Flayyih May Talib
Published: August 2022

The MTX was converted to MTX nanoparticles by the modified method based on changing the pH gradually with exposure to ultrasound and shaking , changing the pH with exposure to ultrasound plays an significant role in the formation of nanoparticles, and this is shown in some previous studies. As the change in pH affects the nature of bonding between molecules, as well as the strength of bonding that depends on the change of electrical charges The exposure to ultrasound waves will greatly affect the breakdown of large particles into small particles that reach the level of nanoparticles. The MTX NPs formation was characterized by UV-Vis spectra analysis , Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which indicate that MTX NPs formation was in Nano sized (57.11 nm) with spiny or needle shape.
Using the marsh elements in the forming of modem Iraqi art
Authors: Mahmoud Waad Adnan
Published: August 2022

The research presented a case of employing the environment in the visual perception of technical work by its interaction with vocabulary, symbols, and visible or hidden elements in the innermost tales and legends in the marshs environment, therefore, the researcher pursued the goal of the research, which is to identify the diversity of methods in employing the environment of the marshes in contemporary Iraqi art. In chapter two, the researcher divided it into two topics, topic one entitled the influence of the environment in artistic transformations, while topic   two bore the title of the environment of the marshes and stylistic contrast in contemporary Iraqi art, in which the researcher traced the experiments with their stylistic variations and techniques in the manifestation While chapter three , analysis of techniques, titled The Marsh Environment and its Compressive Influences on the Stylistic Transformation in Contemporary Iraqi Art.
Social stigma and psychological distress among caregivers of children with epilepsy
Authors: Abdulameera Ahmed Burhan , Al-Dujaili Arafat Hussein
Published: August 2022

Background: Epilepsy is a widespread health issue that has major consequences for people of all ages. Since they appear to be more likely to experience despair, stress, worry, and discomfort, parents of children with epilepsy have reported greater negative effects and poor psychological and physical health. Many caregivers struggle with patience and effective adversity adaptation. Therefore, easing parents' psychological distress and stigma will enable them to give their kids the greatest care possible, which will aid in the children' recovery.  Objective aims to: Assess stigma and psychological distress among caregivers of children with epilepsy and Find out relationship between psychological distress and stigma of caregivers and their socio-demographic data. Methodology: A descriptive (correlational) quantitative study design has been carried out from September 22th  2021 to February 11th  2022 in order to assess stigma and psychological distress among caregivers of children with epilepsy and to find out the relationship between stigma and psychological distress of caregiver and their socio-demographic characteristics. A non-probability sampling technique (purposive sample) of (72) caregivers of children with epilepsy in Najaf City / Najaf Health Directorate / Sadr Medical City (Middle Euphrates Center for Neurosciences in Najaf Governorate).
Характеристика отрядов Podicipediformes, Pelecaniformes columbiformes, Coraciiformes фауны Республики Молдова
Authors:   Институт зоологии, Республика Молдова, Журминский Сергей
Published: August 2022

Ecological fields of territorial units are populated by closely related species of birds by complimentary conditions. Their composition is determined by the form and power of contact of their areas with the territory, the stability of the links between them, the variability of the habitat, ecological features, adaptability and species strategy. In the sphere of interaction of these states take place a process of stabilizing communities in an unstable environment. This is reflected in the example of the Charadriiformes group.
Eutrofizarea ecosistemelor acvatice din Republica Moldova şi recomandările de management durabil
Authors:   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova, Bulat Denis , Bulat Dumitru ,   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova, Usatîi Marin ,   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova, Ungureanu Laurenţia ,   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova, Crepis Oleg ,   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova, Şaptefraţi Nicolae ,   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova, Chelminciuc Rostislav ,   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova, Dumbrăveanu Dorin ,   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2022

Based on the multi-annual studies conducted in the aquatic ecosystems of the Republic of Moldova, have been developed scientific and practical recommendations regarding the prevention and reduction of the active eutrophication phenomenon in the country. One of the environmentally friendly method, economicaly efficient and advantageous is the use of macrophytophagous restorative and phytoplanktonophagous fish species.
Complexele parazitoide ale himenopterelor galigene din genul Cynips (Hymenoptera , Cynipidae) de pe frunzele de stejar
Authors:   Rezervaţia Ştiinţifică „Codru“, Republica Moldova, Manic Gheorghe
Published: August 2022

The researchwasconducted in the period 2015-2016 in theareasoccupiedbyQuercusrobur in „Codrii” Reserveand forestry Straseni. Over 500galls we recollected, of which in laboratory were obtained 14 species of entomophagous included in 6 genera and 4 families. The parazitoid complex of Cynipsquercus Fourcr. consists of 6 species of pteromalids belongingto the two genera (Mesopolobus - 5 speciesand Caenacis - 1 species). The complex parazitoid of Cynipsquercusfolii L. consists of 13 species of calcidoids included in 6 genera and 4 families (Pteromalidae - 8 species, EulophidaeandTorymidae - 2 species each and Eurytomidae with 1 species).
Яйцепаразит гороховой зерновки Uscana senex Grese и пути повышения его полезной роли
Authors:   Институт Генетики, Физиологии и Защиты Растений, Республика Молдова, Брадовский Виктор , Брадовская Наталья ,   Институт Генетики, Физиологии и Защиты Растений, Республика Молдова, Горбан Виктор ,   Институт Генетики, Физиологии и Защиты Растений, Республика Молдова
Published: August 2022

Spreading of the parasite on the agrocenosis of the pea field should be carried out taking in account its maximal possible search of the harmful pest for eggs deposition at a radius not more than 5 meters from the site of release, i.e. at the 125 points on 1 hectare, and on a equal distance from one other. Release of 300 thousand of the parasite females on 1 hectare at a density of ovipositor of the pea weevil not prevailing its economic threshold of danger by 10 times, will ensure protection at a level of 9% of the economic threshold of harmless.
Некоторые особенности борьбы с вредителями сои в условиях Республики Молдова
Authors:   Государственный Аграрный Университет Молдовы, Республика Молдова, Кроитору Никита , Пануца Сергей ,   Государственный Аграрный Университет Молдовы, Республика Молдова
Published: August 2022

In Moldova, 25-30% of leguminous crops are lost every year due to damage to pests and infection by toxin-forming organisms. Over 50 species of pests have been registered on soybeans, damaging the plant in different phases of development. In 2014, soybean identified 14 species of pests from which only a population of nodule weevils, soybean moth and bean firings have surpassed the economic threshold of damage. A significant positive role in reducing the number of pests is played by natural populations of parasitic and predatory entomophages. The most effective is the insecticide Proteus OD 110 with a rate of 0.75 l / ha, which protects soybean plants by 99.38-78.06% for 7-10 days.
Contribuții la stabilirea perioadei optimei de stocaj a ouălor de găină pentru incubație provenite de la părinţii hibridului comercial de găină pentru carne „Ross-308”
Authors:   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova, Lungu-Bucșan Anastasia
Published: August 2022

The researches have been set up on 2(two) groups of eggs, respectively a control group (Lc) and another group, called experimental (Lexp.). On the Lc group, the studied eggs stocking conditions were those used in the main part of the incubation stations in Romania, so, the stocking temperature of the eggs was of + 18 ÷ + 20 oC and the relative air humidity was of 65 – 70%/. On the experimental group (Lexp.) the sticking temperature of the eggs was reduced till +12÷..+14oC but the relative humidity of the air maintained its values of 65 – 70%. Eggs turning started from the 4th stocking day, in both experimental groups, three times each day. Basing on the experimentally results obtained, straightly concerning the hatching proportion, the hatchability percentage of the eggs and the quality of the day old chickens, I conclude the eggs stocking technology we used still requires some new trial experiments in order to confirm the best results.
Dinamica efectivului populației iepurelui de camp (Lepus europaeus) in Republica Moldova și exploatarea ei cinegetică
Authors:   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova, Savin Anatol , Ciocoi Oleg ,   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2022

The aim of the researches was to study the numberic dynamics of European hare population species of major game importance and its intensity of exploitation. The studies performed in 2012-2017 show that after a period of depression in the population of European hare with the minimum (reproductive stock - 42 thousand specimens) in 2012, there is an annual increase (25-40%) of the number up to 145000 hares in the spring of 2017, with more frequent populations (F = 90-95%) in ecotone zones of agrocenoses, having here a constant significance (WA = 11,9-12,2) in spring and autumn with densities of 140 -200 sp./ 1000 ha. It was established that on lands with a spring density of over 65-70 sp./1000 ha there is an annual increase of 120-150%, which far exceeds the average values in the republic (about 68%) and the winter loss fall within 16-25%. It was found that during the hunting season 5500 hunters participate on a daily basis, exploiting an area of 160000 ha (8.0% of the active surface of the Republican hunting fund), which would allow to hunt once during the season on the same hunting land with an operating range of about 360 hectares per season for a hunter.
Effect of presowing treatments on germination and seedling growth of Tectona grandis
Authors: Khera Neeraj , Saxena A.
Published: August 2022

Tectona grandis (Teak) is one of the most valuable timber producing species of India. However, seeds of this species from dry regions show poor germination due to dormancy. To overcome dormancy, a total of 140 pre-sowing treatments, which consisted of scarification, pre-chilling and chemical-soaking, were applied to the seeds of Teak. All germination parameters and root-shoot ratio were significantly improved after cold water soaking (15 days) + humid storage (15 days). However, the growth characters and dry weight of seedlings were significantly higher when the seeds were soaked in GA3-100ppm for 48 hrs as compared to rest of the treatments. For farmers and nursery persons point of view the easy and cost-effective method of presowing treatment of water soaking for 15 days + humid storage for 15 days is recommended.
Cancer: The Most Feared Disease
Authors: Manzoor Farkhanda
Published: August 2022

With an estimated 21 million people, Pakistan is a heavily populated, developing nation. The general population's lack of awareness, an unclean lifestyle, and unsanitary circumstances in populated regions are the main causes of Pakistan's endemic prevalence of various infectious and non-communicable diseases. Studies on the prevalence and incidence of cancer in Pakistan are extremely rare. Only Karachi and Lahore previously had cancer registers, but in 2015 the Pakistan Health Research Council (PHRC) in Islamabad launched a national cancer registry. Females have a significantly higher age-standardized ratio for cancer (172/100000) than males have (145/100000). Recently, Pakistan has seen 150,000 new cases of cancer, with 60–80 percent of patients dying. In Pakistan, between 7000 and 7500 kids are diagnosed with cancer each year.
In Pakistan, communicable illnesses and malnutrition are the leading causes of child mortality. Better diagnostic tools have led to cancer being a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Data readily available indicates that 10% of all cancer cases reported in 2017 were juvenile malignancies. According to Pakistan's Karachi Cancer Registry, the two most common children cancers are leukaemia (31%) and lymphomas (20%). According to data from the Punjab Cancer Registry, lymphomas (31%) are more common than leukaemia (23%) overall. The recently established PHRC National Cancer Registry has very little information available at this time that demonstrates the prevalence of children cancers.
An accurate surveillance system for cancer incidence and death is absolutely necessary. Population-based cancer registries are quite rare in the nation. There ought to be more cancer registries in a nation with more than 21 million citizens. In Pakistan, the most often diagnosed cancers are head and neck carcinoma, colon, prostate, lung, breast, and liver cancers. Different malignancies have varying chances of being cured. But every malignancy requires a unique approach to treatment. Different methods of fighting cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation treatment, bone marrow transplant, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted medication therapy, and cryoablation. The mechanism for gathering data needs to be improved, and the data should be pooled at the national level. Only when such data are available will it be possible for policymakers to allocate priceless healthcare resources sensibly.
A 27-year-old female with elevated CSF protein, dysphagia, tachycardia and psychosis refractory to antipsychotic treatment with an extensive negative workup
Authors: Mauch John , Nguyen Vivian , Ard Mark
Published: August 2022

There are many causes of psychosis. Some of them are medically related while others are psychiatric. In this case we explore causes of psychosis related to mildly elevated CSF protein in a 27 yo patient with unique physical exam findings: dysphagia, tachycardia, and psychosis refractory to antipsychotic treatment (including a moderate 200 mg dose of Clozapine). Ultimately we did not discover any medically known cause of her psychosis, but our final differential diagnosis included an immune mediated encephalitis; possibly as a result of COVID-19, or an unknown medical cause. We find it unlikely that this patient has a primary psychiatric disorder as they had no clinical benefit from Invega Sustenna, Olanzapine, and a moderate 200 mg dose of Clozapine.
Vesicular Rash in a Well-Appearing Newborn
Authors: Correia Ana , Freitas Catarina , Portela Alexandrina , Costa Maria
Published: August 2022

no abstract necessary in this type of article
“Prospective study evaluating incidence of surgical site infection in thyroidectomy: Is antibiotic prophylaxis required?
Authors: khan irfan , jacob pradeep
Published: August 2022

Objective:
Occurrence of surgical site infection (SSI) is considered a rare occurrence in patients undergoing thyroidectomy. International guidelines do not recommend usage of antimicrobial prophylaxis (AP) for thyroid surgery and this study is aimed at finding whether such guidelines hold ground in a developing country like India.

Study design:
This prospective comparative study included 293 patients who underwent thyroidectomy at a single institution.

Setting:
The study was conducted in a tertiary referral hospital (Amrita institute of medical sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India) between 2017 - 2019.

Methods:
One group undergoing thyroidectomy received AP and other did not. Incidence of SSI was assessed in all patients during in-patient stay, 10th day and 30th day. Details of the data collected includes patient’s age, gender, co-morbidity, nutritional status, operative and drain duration, length of stay in the hospital.

Results:
Out of 293 patients, five cases of SSI were diagnosed in the group without AP (Four – superficial SSI and one - deep incisional SSI) and zero cases in the group with AP. Our study revealed an infection rate of 1.7 % in thyroid surgery. Comparing incidence of SSI in patients with and without AP, there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.152). In multivariate analysis, type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (p=0.016) and overweight/obesity (p=0.045) were identified as independent risk factors for SSI.

Conclusion:
Our results were found to be in synchronization with international guidelines and concluded that AP is not a necessary pre-operative preparation for all patients undergoing thyroidectomy but in a developing country like India multiple factors could predispose patients to SSI resulting in significant strain on the hospital and the patients’ financial resources. Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and overweight/obese patients may be considered as high-risk patients in whom selective use of antimicrobial prophylaxis may be beneficial.
الحاجات الإرشادية لطلبة جامعة إقليم سبأ
Authors: سالم د. عزي أحمد زيد
Published: August 2022

يهدف هذا البحث إلى بناء مقياس الحاجات الإرشادية لطلبة جامعة إقليم سبأ، ويهدف إلى تحديد الحاجات الإرشادية الأكاديمية والنفسية والمهنية والاجتماعية لطلبة جامعة إقليم سبأ، ويهدف كذلك إلى معرفة الفروق ذات الدلالة الإحصائية بين مجالات الحاجات الإرشادية تبعاً لمتغير النوع الاجتماعي ولمتغير الكلية .أعد الباحث مقياساً للحاجات الإرشادية مكوناً من (55) فقرة في صورته النهائية، ووزعت على مجالات المقياس الأربعة ( الأكاديمية، النفسية، المهنية، الاجتماعية )، وطُبق المقياس على عينة طبقية عشوائية (445)طالباً وطالبة، تم اختيارهم من مجتمع البحث، واستخدم الباحث الحزمة الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (spss ) لتحليل بيانات العينة، وتوصل البحث إلى :أكثر الحاجات الإرشادية احتياجاً من الطلبة الحاجات الإرشادية المهنية، وتليها الحاجات الإرشادية النفسية، وتليها الحاجات الإرشادية الاجتماعية، وأخيراً الحاجات الإرشادية الأكاديمية.لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين مجالات الحاجات الإرشادية تبعاً لمتغير النوع الاجتماعي.توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تبعاً لمتغير الكلية ولصالح كلية العلوم الإدارية والمالية في الحاجات الإرشادية الأكاديمية، والحاجات الإرشادية النفسية والحاجات الإرشادية المهنية، ولصالح كلية الشريعة في الحاجات الإرشادية الاجتماعية فقد أوصى الباحث بتعيين عضو هيئة تدريس ليقوم بمهمة الإرشاد المهني والنفسي و الأكاديمي لكل كلية.
واو الجمع دراسة نحوية دلالية
Authors: المهدلي د. حسن محمد معافى علي , الحباري د. إبراهيم قايد صالح
Published: August 2022

لمعنى الجمع في كلام العرب - نظمه ونثره - دلالات متنوعة، تظهر من خلال السياق والتراكيب، ولا غرو فإنَّ (الواو) تأتي لمعناه، سواءً أكانت عاطفة أم معية، وهذا الدارسة الموسومة بـ» واو الجمع دراسة نحوية دلالية» اتخذتِ المنهج الوصفي التحليلي طريقًا؛ لإظهار مواضعها، وبيان دلالاتها. ففي التمهيد تناولتْ الدراسة مخرج (الواو) وصفاتها وأهميتها، وتعرضتْ في المبحث الأول لـ(واو) الجمع بوصفها حرف عطف، ذاكرةً مواضع ذلك، ودلالاتها، أما المبحث الثاني، فتناولتْ فيه واو الجمع بوصفها اسماً بمعنى (مع)، مبيِّنًةً مظان ذلك، ومعانيها، والفرق بين واوي الجمع (العاطفة، والمعية)، ثم اخْتُتِمت بما توصلنا إليه من نتائج، ومن ذلك: أن (واو) العطف معناها الجمع، على مذهب البصريين والكوفيين، وتختص بخصائص، منها: أنها لمطلق الجمع، وتشابه بعض أحرف العطف، كـ: (أَمْ)، و(حتى)، و تشارك (أو)، و (البَاء، و مِنْ) في المعنى.وتأتي (واو) المعية ومعناها الجمع إذا جاء بعدها اسم (مفعولٌ معه)، أو فعل مضارع منصوب بـ (أن) مضمرة على الأرجح بوساطتها، بعد نفيٍ محضٍ أو طلب، إذ يتفقان في أنَّ كلتيهما تدلان على الجمع في آنٍ واحد، وتختلفان في أنَّ الأولى لا عمل لها، والأخرى تعمل النصب بوساطة (أن) وأنَّ (واو) المعية لا تقتضي مشاركة الثاني للأول في الفعل بخلاف العاطفة. وأوصتْ الدراسة بجملة من التوصيات أهمها: تبنِّي دراسة بقية دلالات معاني حرف (الواو)، وانتهى البحث بثبتٍ للمصادر والمراجع.
IDENTIFIKASI TEPUNG KULIT PISANG KEPOK TERHADAP KADAR PROKSIMAT MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENGERINGAN OVEN
Authors: Serly Ayu Tionika  , Septiani
Published: August 2022

Tepung kulit pisang kepok merupakan hasil samping dari olahan pisang yang belum banyak diproduksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu penepungan yang terbaik untuk menepungkan kulit pisang pada suhu 60oC dan menggunakan desain eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 perlakuan penepungan yaitu P1 (9 jam), P2 (12 jam) dan Pkontrol (6 jam) pada suhu 60oC. Setelah diuji organoleptik penepungan P2 (12 jam) yang terbaik diuji kadar proksimat dan dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. P2 memiliki kadar air (16,40%), lemak (7,73%), protein (5,37%), kadar abu (14,13%), serat (2,26%), karbohidrat (56,37%) dan Pkontrol memiliki kadar air (15,98%), lemak (7,79%), protein (6,22%), kadar abu (15,13%), serat (2,19%), karbohidrat sebesar (54,88%), kesimpulan penelitian ini tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata antara penepungan terbaik terhadap kadar air, lemak dan serat dengan Pkontrol, tetapi terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (p<0,05) antara penepungan terbaik terhadap kadar abu, protein dan karbohidrat dengan Pkontrol.
PENGARUH TINGKAT KECEMASAN IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III TERHADAP KUALITAS TIDUR
Authors: Nur Wasillah Ardilah  , Widanarti Setyaningsih  , Sari Narulita
Published: August 2022

Kecemasan saat kehamilan dapat berdampak berbagai gangguang pada ibu hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil trimester III terhadap kualitas tidur. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasinya adalah ibu hamil trimester III yang memeriksakan kandungannya di Puskesmas Kecamatan Makasar. Sampel responden diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumennya yaitu Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) dan Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS). Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Spearman Rank. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil 38% responden mengalami kecemasan normal dan 66% kualitas tidur buruk. Kesimpulannya ialah adanya pengaruh tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil trimester III terhadap kualitas tidur dengan p-value= 0,001 dan nilai r= 0,464. Saran peneliti, keluarga memberikan dukungan bagi ibu hamil, dan pada penelitian selanjutnya disarankan meneliti tingkat cemas pada ibu primipara.
The Comparison of the Parameters Antioxidant Activity of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and Commercial Antioxidants
Authors: Harliansyah  , Kuslestari
Published: August 2022

The study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activity of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) extract compared to antioxidant compounds such as; Butyl Hydroxy toluene (BHT), Diethyl-dithiocarbamate (DDC) and Ascorbic Acid (Vit. C). The antioxidant activity (DPPH), total phenolic content (TPC) and reducing power (RP) were studied. DPPH inhibitory values demonstrated through IC50 from ginger extract were significantly lower than those of other antioxidants at the same concentrations: ginger (122.2 ± 16.78%), Vit. C (158.21 ± 4.14%), BHT (195.84 ± 5.94%) and DDC (240.39 ± 43.75%) respectively. This proves that ginger extract is more active inhibiting DPPH free radicals. At a concentration of 100 μg / ml, the TPC level indicates the order: Vit. C > DDC > BHT > ginger respectively. As for RP test at concentration 100 μg / ml also Vit. C > ginger > DDC > BHT respectively. The results obtained in present study indicate that, ginger extract is a potential source of natural antioxidant capable of inhibiting and breaking the free radical chain and it’s expected to suppress the development of degenerative cells diseases.
MITOLOGI TIRTA EMPUL DALAM TEKS USANA BALI: KAJIAN TEOLOGI SOSIAL
Authors: Arta I Gede Arya Juni
Published: August 2022

Hindu theology from the beginning was different from classical theology. Where religion or divinity does not conflict with science. God is not placed in the sky but exists and permeates His creation. Such a conception of God would be difficult to understand in Western theology. In the text of Usana Bali, concrete and solution-based theology or divinity is implied, which is narrated through the mythology of Tirta Empul and the story of Mayadanawa. Where God in his manifestation as Dewa Indra becomes a liberating agent for the social problems of society. Eradicating the evil king Mayadanawa, providing prosperity through abundant water sources, and giving meaning to the Galungan holiday as an effort to improve the quality of life (winning the inner dharma). This research is a literature study, using the Usana Bali text as primary data. The purpose of this research is to explore theological teachings in a mythology, in order to develop the role and social values in it.Keywords: Mythology, Social Theology, Usana Bali
RITUAL SESAPA PADA UPACARA PAWIWAHAN DI LOMBOK
Authors: Wiasti Ni Komang
Published: August 2022

Hindus have a variety of characteristics of the five ceremonies as the basic hierarchical foundation in carrying out their beliefs as religious people. Each yadnya will be clearly observ- able in the ritual process of the ceremony to make it appear more attractive, the atmosphere becomes more sacred and religious. In Lombok at the pawiwahan ceremony there is a meaning- ful ritual process, delivered in a humorous manner, using very simple language, aiming to pray for the bride and groom to live a prosperous and happy life. Currently, there is a paradigm shift in thinking about the greeting because the public's perception of it is considered pornographic, excessive, so that it will disturb the situation of the sanctity of the temple of merajan, or its denial. The formulation of the problem consists of: What is the form of sesapa at the pawiwahan ceremony in Lombok; process of the sesapa ritual at the pawiwahan ceremony in Lombok. In general, the purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the sesapa ritual at the pawiwahan ceremony in Lombok and to contribute to the preservation of the noble Hindu culture. This research is descriptive qualitative where the results of the research will be described the form sentences. With a theoretical basis referring to Interpersonal theory, Action Theory, and Sym- bolic Interactional Theory to dissect the formulation of the problem studied. The forms of the sesapa ritual at the pawiwahan ceremony in Lombok include: Mepejati, Meketelun, Ngendek, Inflammation, adult ngerereh. while the sesapa ritual process at the pawiwahan ceremony in Lombok begins with Mewidhi Widhana by starting with Mebyakala, Natab Banten and Mejaya- jaya, Nyongkolan and Mekunyit Keladi, Mejanguk and the meanings contained in the sesapa ritual at the pawiwahan ceremony in Lombok, namely: as the meaning of purification, means of meaning supplication and meaning of Welfare.Keywords: Sesapa Ritual, Pawiwahan
TRADISI OGOH-OGOH DI BALI DALAM TINJAUAN KRITIS FILSAFAT KEBUDAYAAN CORNELIS ANTHONIE VAN PEURSEN
Authors: Siswadi Gede Agus
Published: August 2022

This article seeks to explore the ogoh-ogoh tradition in Bali. Ogoh-ogoh which is the result of the artistic expression of the Balinese people who are always experiencing dynamics of change and development. The ogoh-ogoh tradition in Bali is developing according to the times. The ogoh-ogoh tradition in Bali when viewed critically with the cultural philosophy of Cornelis Anthonie Van Peursen by paying attention to the stages of cultural development in the mythical stage, ontological stage and functional stage. Ogoh-ogoh historically, mythology appears as a symbol and embodiment of bhuta kala which is disturbing human life, so that the energies of bhuta kala (negative energy) are always harmonized and neutralized into the powers of the gods (positive energy). Thenext development of the bhuta kala myth developed by breaking away from the shackles of myth to an ontological understanding, and finally at the functional stage as a show (parade) for cultural tourism.
Construir nuevos espacios sostenibles respetando la diversidad cultural desde el nivel local
Authors: Sanabria Martínez Martha Janneth
Published: August 2022

La actividad extractiva es insostenible, lo que se evidencia en los impactos que esta genera en los ecosistemas estratégicos de la ciudad de Bogotá y en la población que los habita. Esto, sumado a los intereses económicos y políticos de los diferentes actores, genera controversias y agudiza los problemas ambientales. Por estos motivos, es necesario crear conciencia ambiental en búsqueda de la sostenibilidad, para reconocer la diversidad cultural y, con ello, dar paso a la creación de nuevos espacios basados en la integridad y la dignidad de las personas y de todo ser viviente.
LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE AND ABUSIVE SUPERVISION AS PREDICTORS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
Authors: NNAEBUE Collins I. , NWANGWU Nneka I. , OKEKE Helen C. , IDİMMACHUKWU Ikechukwu C.
Published: August 2022

This study investigated leader-member exchange (LMX) and abusive supervision (AbS) as predictors of psychological well-being (PWB) among bankers. Participants were 299 bank employees consisting of hundred and thirty (130) males (40.5%) and one hundred and sixty-nine (169) female (59.5%). Their ages ranged from 26-54years with a mean age of 40.5 and a standard deviation of 8.51. The study adopted correlation design and multiple regression statistics to analyze the data from structured questionnaires administered to 320 bankers selected from randomly selected banks in Awka South Local Government Area. Psychological well-being scale, Leader-member exchange scale, and Abusive supervision scale were used as instruments for data collection. Three hypotheses were tested anchored on psychodynamic theory to explain the relationship among variables under study. The results revealed that the first hypothesis confirmed LMX significantly predicted PWB at R2 = .156 (15.6%), F (16.41) = .001 p<.05. The second hypothesis confirmed that AbS which significantly predicted PWB at R2 = .156 (15.6%), F (16.41) = .001 p<.05. The third hypothesis revealed that LMX and AbS jointly predicted PWB. The study recommends that both private sector and public sector organizations should take proactive organizational measures to reduce the abusive supervision and embark on sensitization workshops to enlighten management on the dangers of the menace.
Buffer Model Determination of Systemic Strategic Risks for Borrowers in Force Majeure Circumstances
Authors: Burdina Anna A , Bondarenko Anna V , Moskvicheva Natalia V
Published: August 2022

This study substantiates the concept of systemic strategic risks for borrowers and buffers systemic strategic risk in force majeure to the analyze the credit risk of banks. The authors studied the existing approaches used to assess the creditworthiness of borrowers and the credit risk of banks. The factors that influence the level of credit risk of borrowers are also identified. Quantitative and qualitative parameters of a borrower's creditworthiness, used in banking risk management, are also determined. An economic and mathematical model is proposed to determine the systemic strategic risk buffer for borrowers in force majeure circumstances. It is proposed that technology should be used to create a systemic strategic risk buffer for borrowers for hedging in force majeure circumstances as a monetary policy tool and include Basel III in the requirements of the banking agreement.
Evaluating the Preventive Measures Vis-a-Vis COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak Via Siyāsah Syar‘Iyyah (Islamic Public Policy)
Authors: Mahaiyadin Mohd Hapiz , Samori Zakiah , Subri Irwan Mohd , Suhaimi Roshaimizam , Radzi Hisyam Mohd
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 virus was discovered in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has spread to hundreds of countries. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia, thousands have died which warrant multiple preventative measures to be taken. This study will analyze recent literature studies and focusing on controls in Malaysia, and worldwide. It will further examine the Islamic jurisprudential approach of previous Muslim governments. Since public interest and the common good are protected under Shariah principle, the key sources addressing this issue were reviewed in light of maqasid syariyyah and Islamic public policy approaches. It will also examine the rationale for making decisions disease outbreaks based on the Quran and Hadith of Rasulullah. The findings reveal that, using Shari'ah policies is essential to making the right decision during catastrophe crisis. Malaysia's preventative measures and enforcement policies in line with the Islamic law's mandate to combat against this fatal outbreak.