bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Valsartan Effective for Malignant Hypertension after Aortic Dissection with Renal Artery Involvement
Authors: Michaud Christopher J. , Trethowan Brian
Published: February 2018

When aortic dissections extend to the renal arteries, reductions in renal blood flow can cause marked increases in renin production. The resultant rise in angiotensin II can lead to difficult‐to‐control blood pressure, despite normal postdissection antihypertensive agents. We highlight a case of a postdissection patient with malignant hypertension refractory to eight different enteral antihypertensives. Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers had been held due to postoperative acute kidney injury. A single dose of valsartan, administered on day 12, produced a marked drop in blood pressure, alleviation of encephalopathy, and allowed for cancellation of a planned tracheostomy. A serum renin level was found to be 50 times the normal upper limit. In patients with aortic dissection and renal artery involvement, angiotensin‐modifying agents may warrant earlier administration to combat this unique cause of hypertension.
Diurnal regulation of cyanogenic glucoside biosynthesis and endogenous turnover in cassava
Authors: Schmidt Frederik Bøgeskov , Cho Seok Keun , Olsen Carl Erik , Yang Seong Wook , Møller Birger Lindberg , Jørgensen Kirsten
Published: February 2018

Cyanogenic glucosides are present in many plants, including eudicots, monocots, and ferns and function as defence compounds based on their ability to release hydrogen cyanide. In this study, the diurnal rhythm of cyanogenic glucoside content and of transcripts and enzymes involved in their biosynthesis was monitored in cassava plants grown in a glasshouse under natural light conditions. Transcripts of CYP79D1, CYP79D2, CYP71E7/11, and UGT85K5 were at minimal levels around 9 p.m., increased during the night and decreased following onset of early morning light. Transcripts of UGT85K4 and HNL10 showed more subtle variations with a maximum reached in the afternoon. Western blots showed that the protein levels of CYP71E7/11 and UGT85K4/5 decreased during the light period to a near absence around 4 p.m. and then recovered during the dark period. Transcript and protein levels of linamarase were stable throughout the 24‐hr cycle. The linamarin content increased during the dark period. In the light period, spikes in the incoming solar radiation were found to result in concomitantly reduced linamarin levels. In silico studies of the promoter regions of the biosynthetic genes revealed a high frequency of light, abiotic stress, and development‐related transcription factor binding motifs. The synthesis and endogenous turnover of linamarin are controlled both at the transcript and protein levels. The observed endogenous turnover of linamarin in the light period may offer a source of reduced nitrogen to balance photosynthetic carbon fixation. The rapid decrease in linamarin content following light spikes suggests an additional function of linamarin as a ROS scavenger.
Soil mixture composition alters Arabidopsis susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae infection
Authors: Hassan Jana A. , de la Torre‐Roche Roberto , White Jason C. , Lewis Jennifer D.
Published: February 2018

Pseudomonas syringae is a gram‐negative bacterial pathogen that causes disease on more than 100 different plant species, including the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Dissection of the Arabidopsis thaliana–Pseudomonas syringae pathosystem has identified many factors that contribute to successful infection or immunity, including the genetics of the host, the genetics of the pathogen, and the environment. Environmental factors that contribute to a successful interaction can include temperature, light, and the circadian clock, as well as the soil environment. As silicon‐amended Resilience soil is advertised to enhance plant health, we sought to examine the extent to which this soil might affect the behavior of the A. thaliana–P. syringae model pathosystem and to characterize the mechanisms through which these effects may occur. We found that plants grown in Si‐amended Resilience soil displayed enhanced resistance to bacteria compared to plants grown in non‐Si‐amended Sunshine soil, and salicylic acid biosynthesis and signaling were not required for resistance. Although silicon has been shown to contribute to broad‐spectrum resistance, our data indicate that silicon is not the direct cause of enhanced resistance and that the Si‐amended Resilience soil has additional properties that modulate plant resistance. Our work demonstrates the importance of environmental factors, such as soil in modulating interactions between the plant and foliar pathogens, and highlights the significance of careful annotation of the environmental conditions under which plant–pathogen interactions are studied.
Mechanical Metamaterials with Thermoresponsive Switching between Positive and Negative Poisson's Ratios
Authors: Park Haedong , Kwon Hyungho , An Yongsan , Yu Woong‐Ryeol , Moon Myoung‐Woon , Hur Kahyun
Published: February 2018

There have been many studies on smart mechanical materials that sensibly deform in response to external stimuli. However, most of the previous studies have focused on structure changes but largely neglected stimuli‐responsive and programmable mechanical properties. Here, we present a novel strategy of mechanical metamaterials, engineered materials with mechanical properties defined by their structure rather than their composition, to design smart materials that change their mechanical properties in response to external stimuli. The present work demonstrates mechanical metamaterials with thermoresponsive and reversible switching between positive and negative Poisson's ratios. In order to realize the thermoresponsive and reversible switching, a thermoresponsive rod with an extremely large thermal expansion coefficient is developed utilizing two‐way shape memory effects. As an application of our metamaterials, we propose soundproofing materials that selectively block sound waves in a specific frequency range depending on temperature.
Origin-Specific Adhesive Interactions of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Platelets Influence Their Behavior After Infusion
Authors: Sheriff Lozan , Alanazi Asma , Ward Lewis S. C. , Ward Carl , Munir Hafsa , Rayes Julie , Alassiri Mohammed , Watson Steve P. , Newsome Phil N. , Rainger G. E. , Kalia Neena , Frampton Jon , McGettrick Helen M. , Nash Gerard B.
Published: February 2018

We investigated the adhesive behavior of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in blood, which might influence their fate when infused as therapy. Isolated human bone marrow MSC (BMMSC) or umbilical cord MSC (UCMSC) adhered efficiently from flow to the matrix proteins, collagen, or fibronectin, but did not adhere to endothelial selectins. However, when suspended in blood, BMMSC no longer adhered to collagen, while UCMSC adhered along with many aggregated platelets. Neither MSC adhered to fibronectin from flowing blood, although the fibronectin surface did become coated with a platelet monolayer. UCMSC induced platelet aggregation in platelet rich plasma, and caused a marked drop in platelet count when mixed with whole human or mouse blood in vitro, or when infused into mice. In contrast, BMMSC did not activate platelets or induce changes in platelet count. Interestingly, isolated UCMSC and BMMSC both adhered to predeposited platelets. The differences in behavior in blood were attributable to expression of podoplanin (an activating ligand for the platelet receptor CLEC-2), which was detected on UCMSC, but not BMMSC. Thus, platelets were activated when bound to UCMSC, but not BMMSC. Platelet aggregation by UCMSC was inhibited by recombinant soluble CLEC-2, and UCMSC did not cause a reduction in platelet count when mixed with blood from mice deficient in CLEC-2. We predict that both MSC would carry platelets in the blood, but their interaction with vascular endothelium would depend on podoplanin-induced activation of the bound platelets. Such interactions with platelets might target MSC to damaged tissue, but could also be thrombotic.
Wind power within European grid codes: Evolution, status and outlook
Authors: Vrana Til Kristian , Flynn Damian , Gomez‐Lazaro Emilio , Kiviluoma Juha , Marcel Davy , Cutululis Nicolaos , Smith J. Charles
Published: February 2018

Grid codes are technical specifications that define the requirements for any facility connected to electricity grids. Wind power plants are increasingly facing system stability support requirements similar to conventional power stations, which is to some extent unavoidable, as the share of wind power in the generation mix is growing. The adaptation process of grid codes for wind power plants is not yet complete, and grid codes are expected to evolve further in the future. ENTSO‐E is the umbrella organization for European TSOs, seen by many as a leader in terms of requirements sophistication. A current development by ENTSO‐E aims to develop a uniform grid code framework for Europe. The new European codes leave many key aspects unspecified, referring instead to regulation by the relevant TSO, but they do provide a positive and encouraging step in the right direction. The present document is largely based on the definitions and provisions set out by ENTSO‐E. The main European grid code requirements are outlined here, including also HVDC connections and DC‐connected power park modules. The focus is on requirements that are considered particularly relevant for large wind power plants. Afterwards, an outlook and discussion on possible future requirements is provided. This review has been written by members of IEA Wind Task 25, but it does not represent an official viewpoint of the IEA.

This article is categorized under:

Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure
Males’ Later-Life Mortality Consequences of Coresidence With Paternal Grandparents: Evidence From Northeast China, 1789–1909
Authors: Zang Emma , Campbell Cameron
Published: February 2018

In this study, we investigate the effect of early-life coresidence with paternal grandparents on male mortality risks in adulthood and older age in northeast China from 1789 to 1909. Despite growing interest in the influence of grandparents on child outcomes, few studies have examined the effect of coresidence with grandparents in early life on mortality in later life. We find that coresidence with paternal grandmothers in childhood is associated with higher mortality risks for males in adulthood. This may reflect the long-term effects of conflicts between mothers and their mothers-in-law. These results suggest that in extended families, patterns of coresidence in childhood may have long-term consequences for mortality, above and beyond the effects of common environmental and genetic factors, even when effects on childhood mortality are not readily apparent.
Colonic phytobezoar
Authors: Kfouri Cláudio Franco do Amaral , Romania Maria Clara Ferreira Nonato , Julião Rennan Josely Moreira , Tomazella André Domingos Pippa , Amorim Guilherme Paulo Carvalho de , Silva Cleibe Nicácio da , Silva Claudinei da , Sartor Maria Cristina
Published: February 2018

Bezoars, although rare, represent a small part of the etiologies of intestinal obstructions. They are indigestible masses formed in human beings consisting of hair, seeds, plant fibers, fruits, and even medications. The present report concerns a male patient with a complaint of interrupted flatus passage and feces elimination and pain in the left iliac fossa, initially suspected as a neoplasia of the sigmoid colon. However, analysis of the surgical specimen revealed that the condition was characterized by intestinal obstruction due to an encapsulated phytobezoar. This fact demonstrates the importance of a differential diagnosis, with emphasis on the relevance of considering the presence of bezoars despite their rare occurrence.
Response to Alert on Possible Infections with Mycobacterium chimaera From Contaminated Heater-Cooler Devices in Hospitals Participating in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP)
Authors: Mertz Dominik , Macri Jennifer , Hota Susy , Amaratunga Kanchana , Davis Ian , Johnston Lynn , Lee Bonita , Pelude Linda , Science Michelle , Smith Stephanie , Wong Alice ,   the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP)
Published: February 2018

Canadian hospitals were made aware of the risk of Mycobacterium chimaera infection associated with heater-cooler units (HCUs) through alerts issued by the US food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In response, most hospitals conducted retrospective reviews for infections, informed exposed patients, and initiated a requirement for informed consent with HCU use.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:482–484
The semantic network, lexical access, and reading comprehension in monolingual and bilingual children: An individual differences study—CORRIGENDUM
Authors: SPÄTGENS TESSA , SCHOONEN ROB
Published: February 2018

In the article by Spätgens and Schoonen, the penultimate paragraph on page 237 incorrectly states that the coding for the Animacy variable is “(0 inanimate, 1 animate).” The correct coding should instead read “(0 animate, 1 inanimate).” We regret this omission and any problems it may have caused.
Case of Prolonged Maintenance of a Fixed Position (with photograph)
Authors: Geogheoan Edward G.
Published: February 2018

J. G., aged 32, naval pensioner, was transferred from Fisherton House to the Portsmouth Borough Asylum, on October 21, 1879. No heredity. Father living, active and intelligent. No history of phthisis or drink in family. He entered the Royal Navy as a boy, and was always regarded as a steady, intelligent seaman. Fight years ago he was a first-class seaman gunner. At this date some object fell from the rigging upon his occiput, and rendered him unconscious for a short time, but apparently produced no further result. After this he went through a three months' torpedo training on the “Vernon,” and passed the examination at the end of the course with credit. This indicates that most of his intellectual faculties at that time (about five years ago) were quite unimpaired, as the examination is one which very many fail to pass. Shortly after this he was drafted into the coastguard. About six years ago he married, and has two children—both weakly, but apparently of fair intelligence. About three years ago his wife died after childbirth (the stomach was found post-mortem protruding through the diaphragm and lying under the left clavicle). This event seemed to prey upon patient, and he grew very depressed and vacant. He was treated at first at Haslar Hospital and then at Great Yarmouth Asylum (1878). When his pension ceased he was discharged to the Portsea Island Union. After he had been here a month he assumed the attitude to be presently described, and on April 30, 1879, was admitted to Fisherton House. He is described as having been “silly” in the Workhouse, grinning without cause, never speaking, and standing for long periods in one attitude. A few days before admission to Fisherton he assumed the attitude of a corpse in a coffin.
Studien auf dem Gebiete der aertzlichen Seelenkunde. Gemeinfassliche Vorträge
Authors: Hagen Friedrich W.
Published: February 2018

Six lectures on psychological subjects, of a more or less popular character, constitute this volume. The first lecture is devoted to a discussion of the value and importance of psychology in the study of psychiatry; the author defending, with no little zeal, the method of observation of self-consciousness in the study of mind, and pointing out how essential it really is. To the lecture he appends a detailed and vigorous criticism of the first part of Dr. Maudsley's work on the “Physiology and Pathology of Mind,” a book which he thinks may possibly do much harm, on account of the favour with which it has been received in Germany. The first point which he makes is ingenious and skilful. After setting forth what he conceives to be the general tenor of the argument, he points out that at the very beginning a singular mischance occurs to the author: he says—
Die Kant'sche Erkenntnisslehre widerlegt vom Standpunkt der Empirie. Ein vorbereitender Beitrag zur Begründung einer physiologischen Naturauffassung
Authors: Montgomery Von Edmund
Published: February 2018

This book is not a monograph, but a fragment of a larger work which the author has thought fit to publish before the complete work is ready for publication. He is apparently an Englishman, who has resolved to write in German for two reasons—first, because he considered it most fitting to meet the great philosopher of Königsberg in his own language; and, secondly, because the most eminent judges of the Kantian philosophy and the chief defenders of scientific Transcendentalism are Germans. If we may judge by the profusion of epithets of abuse which he uses to pour unmitigated contempt upon the transcendentalists and their allies, and by the vigour of his style, he would certainly seem not to lack command over the language which he has selected. His introductory chapter is, indeed, a pattern of downright hearty abuse, mingled with the bitterest contempt, of the à priori idealistic philosophers, and a laudation, somewhat too hyperbolical for our taste, of empiricism. We believe with him in the mighty mission which Science has in the future; with him, too, we feel no doubt of the heavy blows which it has already dealt to many beliefs of the past; but we do not believe in the wisdom of abuse, or in the usefulness of exaggeration. Science can well afford to go calmly and confidently on its own way, and it is a grievous pity when its disciples imitate the bigotry and intolerance of theological warfare. It has been wittily said of a certain eminent scientific person that science was his forte and omniscience his foible, and we fear the description might sometimes be justly applied to other followers of science, who, with more zeal than discretion, seem to claim for its revelations an infallibility which they would be the first to deny to revelations of another kind.
The Science and Practice of Medicine
Authors: Aitken William
Published: February 2018

The issue of a sixth edition of Dr. Aitken's well-known work is a sufficient testimony of the appreciation which it has received. This edition has been carefully revised, many portions have been re-written, and additions have been made which have swelled the second volume to an almost unwieldy bulk. It may be well for the author to consider whether, in the next edition, which is pretty sure to be soon called for, addition of matter may not properly be accompanied by condensation of bulk. We certainly think that a re-digestion of some of the articles, which have progressively grown by accretion, may be advantageously made. The conscientious practice adopted of giving the opinion of different authorities, with the insertion of their names in brackets, gives a jerky character to the style, and by no means improves the artistic look of an article—gives it, indeed, a scissor-and-paste appearance. Moreover, by the adoption of such a system, an article is very apt to increase in length out of proportion to its value. It is quite right, of course, that merit should be given to whom merit is due, and laudable in the author to be anxious to do so, but a few references in a foot-note, or at the end of an article, would suffice for that in most cases, an exception being made in any special case when the authority was weighty and the statement important. At present it not seldom happens that names are given which carry no real weight, and given as sponsors for statements which are sometimes common-places of science, or certainly are not the original property of those to whom they are attributed. To quote from a manual some result of general observation, and to append in brackets the name of the author of the manual, is to carry a virtue to, if not over, the edge of a fault.
6. Mental Hygiene
Authors: Erskine W. J. A. , Gifford John
Published: February 2018

Childhood: The Golden Period for Mental Hygiene. (Ment. Hygiene, April, 1920.) White, W. A.
American Lunatic Asylums
Authors: Bucknill John Charles
Published: February 2018

Sir,—I have received letters and journals from several medical superintendents of asylums for the insane in the United States, calling my attention to a leader in “The Lancet” of November 13th last. My correspondents feel much aggrieved with that article, and have asked me to publish the truth as I have recently observed it as to the treatment of the insane in their country. I had hoped before this time to have published some notes on this interesting and important matter, but ill-health has prevented me from doing so, and I feel that no further delay should occur in my asking you to do justice to a class of highly honourable and meritorious medical men.
Some Observations on Mental Disease
Authors: Lentz
Published: February 2018

The first of these observations treats of the use of hot water as a revulsive. It is well-known that congestion, especially in its more rapid and severe forms, is often frequent in both the cerebro-spinal and respiratory systems of the insane, and often proves rapidly fatal. The general debility of the insane appears to be daily increasing, and their condition to demand rather the infusion than the abstraction of blood.
Case of Sudden and Complete “Aphasia” and Partial “Right Hemiplegia,” Lesion of “Broca's Convolution,” with a Small “Hómorrhage” in Substance of Corpus Callosum, &c
Authors: Atkins Ringrose
Published: February 2018

The particulars of the following case may be sufficiently interesting to place on record, as bearing on the morbid anatomy of aphasia, and, further, as illustrating the negative results which follow localised destruction of convolutions posterior to the “Fissure of Rolando.” The patient, an elderly imbecile female, had been an inmate of the Cork District Lunatic Asylum for the last forty-five years. She was invariably quiet and docile, clean in her habits and person, and sufficiently rational to answer ordinary questions addressed to her quite correctly. She spoke slowly, and with emphasis, but always used the right words to express her meaning; and there was never any noticeable defect in her speech, so far as her powers of conversation went. She had a peculiarly long and pointed tongue, which she took a pride in exhibiting, and which she was able to protrude to an enormous extent. There was no loss or deficiency of motor power whatever, and up to some little time before her death her general health was excellent. On December 29th, 1875, she suffered from a severe attack of erysipelas of the face and scalp, which was, however, subdued in a few days by inunctions of mercurial ointment and liberal support. During this time she became extremely dull and apathetic, being with difficulty roused; but on being pressed could still answer questions rationally. As the erysipelas passed away she returned to her former condition, being quite as well and as intelligent as before.
1. American Psychological Literature
Authors: Tukb D. Hack
Published: February 2018

Is Suicide always the outcome of insanity? Does Suicide when committed in a state of insanity render the policy of a Life Insurance void?
On the use of Hyoscyamine
Authors: G. M. B.
Published: February 2018

I venture to offer my experience of the use of the above drug for the purpose of comparison with that of other observers. I am anxious not to appear as an advocate of this or any other medicine, having a rather limited faith in the efficacy of drugs in the treatment of disease. It is so difficult to be sure that the results observed are fairly due to the ascribed cause that it is but seldom that any drug can be credited with a direct curative effect. The effects of most medicines are so uncertain and indefinite that it is well-nigh impossible to attribute any positive results to their administration in the face of so many disturbing causes. In dealing with potent drugs the case is different. When the toxic effects of an agent are produced it only remains to ascertain whether these are beneficial or not. For this reason it is easier to pass a judgment on the value of such a drug as hyoscyamine than of morphia or chloral, &c., because its affect is obvious and ascertainable. I will not now discuss whether it is good to give a sedative or not, but only relate my experiences. The preparation I have used has always been “Merck's extractive alkaloid,” dissolved in spirit, for convenience, of the strength of one grain to a drachm of spirit. I have never given more than 1¼ grain, and I usually give either one or two-thirds of a grain as a dose. If one-third does not bring sleep, I double the dose. The usual effect is to send the patient into a heavy sleep in half-an-hour, or even less time, and this may last for six hours, or even more. I have very seldom found it produce sickness, and not, as a rule, interfere with the appetite. I fancy, from what one or two patients have said, that it produces a sensation of fulness and throbbing and headache, and I have seen the face congested and the prolabium purplish. The pupils are widely dilated. I have used this preparation for two years past, and have found it very useful in many cases. I have given it in cases of acute mania, of general paralysis, of chronic excitement, and may safely say it has been of greater use than any other narcotic I have employed. In acute cases, where it is difficult to get medicine down at all, it is a point to be able to give one small dose of fluid and be sure of quieting a patient for several hours. This cannot be ensured by chloral or opium, as the consequences of a dose of Batley, &c., &c., can never be reckoned on, and sickness leaves the prescriber in ignorance of how much has been absorbed by the system.
A new species of damsel-dragonfly (Odonata: Stenophlebiidae: Cretastenophlebia) from the Lower Cretaceous of the Jiuquan Basin, northwestern China
Authors: Zheng Daran , Zhang Haichun , Wang Bo , Chang Su-Chin
Published: February 2018

Abundant insect fossils have been recorded from the Lower Cretaceous of the Jiuquan Basin, but very few odonatans have been recorded. In this paper, a new damsel-dragonfly, Cretastenophlebia jiuquanensis sp. nov., is described from the Lower Cretaceous Zhonggou Formation in the Hanxiagou outcrop, Jiuquan Basin, northwestern China. This is the second species of the genus Cretastenophlebia Fleck et al., 2003. Cretastenophlebia jiuquanensis sp. nov. differs from Cretastenophlebia mongolica Fleck et al., 2003 in the presence of a broad discoidal triangle, a basally straight IR1 and less cells along the posterior wing margin between IR2 and RP2. Cretastenophlebia has been previously reported from the Lower Cretaceous of Bon-Tsagaan, central Mongolia. The new discovery expands the record of Cretastenophlebia to the Jiuquan Basin in Albian.
Management der überaktiven Blase unter Berücksichtigung der posterioren tibialen Nervenstimulation
Authors: Keller Nicole , Schmid Seraina , Borcard Aline , Hämmerle Beatrix
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung. In der Grundversorgerpraxis ist die überaktive Blase (OAB) bei der älteren, polymorbiden Patientin ein immer häufiger auftretendes Krankheitsbild. Die OAB wird definiert als imperativer Harndrang mit oder ohne Inkontinenz sowie Pollakisurie und Nykturie ohne Harnwegsinfektion oder andere Pathologie. Die Symptomatik schränkt die Betroffenen im Alltag deutlich ein. Das Behandlungskonzept basiert auf einer Stufentherapie. Neben Verhaltensschulung und Beckenbodentherapie gibt es auch die Möglichkeit einer medikamentösen Therapie. Diese ist jedoch wegen häufiger Nebenwirkungen und Wechselwirkungen nicht für alle Patientinnen geeignet. In Kombination mit medikamentöser Therapie oder bei Kontraindikation oder Versagen derselben gibt es die Möglichkeit der perkutanen posterioren tibialen Nervenstimulation (PTNS). Diese Therapieform kann ambulant angewendet werden, ist minimalinvasiv, nebenwirkungsarm und häufig erfolgreich.
Discrete energy levels of Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon states in quantum limit in FeTe0.55Se0.45
Authors: Chen Mingyang , Chen Xiaoyu , Yang Huan , Du Zengyi , Zhu Xiyu , Wang Enyu , Wen Hai-Hu
Published: February 2018

Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon (CdGM) states were predicted in 1964 as low-energy excitations within vortex cores of type-II superconductors. In the quantum limit, the energy levels of these states were predicted to be discrete with the basic levels at ±μΔ2/EF (μ = 1/2, 3/2, 5/2, …) with Δ the superconducting energy gap and EF the Fermi energy. However, due to the small ratio of Δ/EF in most type-II superconductors, it is very difficult to observe the discrete CdGM states, but rather a symmetric peak which appears at zero bias at the vortex center. Here we report the clear observation of these discrete energy levels of CdGM states in FeTe0.55Se0.45. The rather stable energies of these bound state peaks vs. space clearly validate our conclusion. Analysis based on the energies of these CdGM states indicates that the Fermi energy in the present system is very small.
Linear magnetoresistivity in layered semimetallic CaAl2Si2
Authors: Costa D. G. , Capaz Rodrigo B. , Falconi R. , Strikos S. , ElMassalami M.
Published: February 2018

According to an earlier Abrikosov model, a positive, nonsaturating, linear magnetoresistivity (LMR) is expected in clean, low-carrier-density metals when measured at very low temperatures and under very high magnetic fields. Recently, a vast class of materials were shown to exhibit extraordinary high LMR but at conditions that deviate sharply from the above-mentioned Abrikosov-type conditions. Such deviations are often considered within either classical Parish-Littlewood scenario of random-conductivity network or within a quantum scenario of small-effective mass or low carriers at tiny pockets neighboring the Fermi surface. This work reports on a manifestation of novel example of a robust, but moderate, LMR up to ∼100 K in the diamagnetic, layered, compensated, semimetallic CaAl2Si2. We carried out extensive and systematic characterization of baric and thermal evolution of LMR together with first-principles electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory. Our analyses revealed strong correlations among the main parameters of LMR and, in addition, a presence of various transition/crossover events based on which a P − T phase diagram was constructed. We discuss whether CaAl2Si2 can be classified as a quantum Abrikosov or classical Parish-Littlewood LMR system.
A Novel Nitrogen Enriched Hydrochar Adsorbents Derived from Salix Biomass for Cr (VI) Adsorption
Authors: Lei Yanqiu , Su Haiquan , Tian Fuli
Published: February 2018

Hydrochars were prepared from Salix by hydrothermal carbonization, and characterized by FT-IR, 13C NMR, XPS, UV-vis, TG, SEM and BET techniques. The results showed that the hydrochars with molecular sieve-type open pore structure contained numbers of oxygen and nitrogen functional groups, which benefited the adsorption and diffusion of adsorbent Cr (VI). The hydrochar obtained from 26 h reaction (HC-26) was indicated an excellent adsorbent compared to the commercial activated carbon, and its maximum removal efficiency for Cr (VI) reaches up to 99.84% at pH 1. Langmuir´s model is well fitted the experimental equilibrium adsorption data of total Cr. The bath experiment results showed that Cr (VI) could be removed rapidly in the first 300 min. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics process of HC-26 could be described by pseudo-second-order model. Based on the above results, HC-26 could be acted as a potential efficient adsorbent for removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution.
Author Correction: Comparative analysis of molecular and physiological traits between perennial Arabis alpina Pajares and annual Arabidopsis thaliana Sy-0
Authors: Park Jong-Yoon , Kim Hoyeun , Lee Ilha
Published: February 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Author Correction: Micro-Doppler measurement of insect wing-beat frequencies with W-band coherent radar
Authors: Wang Rui , Hu Cheng , Fu Xiaowei , Long Teng , Zeng Tao
Published: February 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Author Correction: Effects of habitat constraints on soil microbial community function
Authors: Nunan Naoise , Leloup Julie , Ruamps Léo S. , Pouteau Valérie , Chenu Claire
Published: February 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Author Correction: Timing and localization of human dystrophin isoform expression provide insights into the cognitive phenotype of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Doorenweerd Nathalie , Mahfouz Ahmed , van Putten Maaike , Kaliyaperumal Rajaram , t’ Hoen Peter A. C. , Hendriksen Jos G. M. , Aartsma-Rus Annemieke M. , Verschuuren Jan J. G. M. , Niks Erik H. , Reinders Marcel J. T. , Kan Hermien E. , Lelieveldt Boudewijn P. F.
Published: February 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Prediction and characterization of human ageing-related proteins by using machine learning
Authors: Kerepesi Csaba , Daróczy Bálint , Sturm Ádám , Vellai Tibor , Benczúr András
Published: February 2018

Ageing has a huge impact on human health and economy, but its molecular basis – regulation and mechanism – is still poorly understood. By today, more than three hundred genes (almost all of them function as protein-coding genes) have been related to human ageing. Although individual ageing-related genes or some small subsets of these genes have been intensively studied, their analysis as a whole has been highly limited. To fill this gap, for each human protein we extracted 21000 protein features from various databases, and using these data as an input to state-of-the-art machine learning methods, we classified human proteins as ageing-related or non-ageing-related. We found a simple classification model based on only 36 protein features, such as the “number of ageing-related interaction partners”, “response to oxidative stress”, “damaged DNA binding”, “rhythmic process” and “extracellular region”. Predicted values of the model quantify the relevance of a given protein in the regulation or mechanisms of the human ageing process. Furthermore, we identified new candidate proteins having strong computational evidence of their important role in ageing. Some of them, like Cytochrome b-245 light chain (CY24A) and Endoribonuclease ZC3H12A (ZC12A) have no previous ageing-associated annotations.
Marker-assisted introgression of three dominant blast resistance genes into an aromatic rice cultivar Mushk Budji
Authors: Khan Gazala Hassan , Shikari Asif Bashir , Vaishnavi Rakesh , Najeeb Sofi , Padder Bilal A. , Bhat Zahoor A. , Parray Ghulam A. , Bhat Mohammad Ashraf , Kumar Ram , Singh Nagendra K.
Published: February 2018

Modern high yielding rice varieties have replaced most of the traditional cultivars in recent past.Mushk Budji, is one such short grained landrace known for its aroma and exquisite quality, however, is highly susceptible to blast disease that has led to considerable decline in its area.Mushk Budjiwas crossed to a triple-gene donor line, DHMAS 70Q 164-1b and followed through marker-assisted foreground and background selection in first and second backcross generations that helped to incorporate blast resistance genesPi54, Pi1andPita. Marker-assisted background selection was carried out using 78 SSR and STS markers that helped to reduce linkage drag around the genesPi54, Pi1andPitato 2.74, 4.60 and 2.03 Mb, respectively. The three-gene lines in BC2F2:3were genotyped using 50 K SNP chip and revealed more than 92% genome similarity to the RP. 2-D gel assay detected differentially expressing 171 protein spots among a set of backcross derived lines, of which 38 spots showing match score of 4 helped us to calculate the proteome recovery. MALDI-TOF analysis helped to detect four significant proteins that were linked to quality and disease resistance. The improved lines expressed resistance to blast under artificial and natural field conditions.
Online proton therapy monitoring: clinical test of a Silicon-photodetector-based in-beam PET
Authors: Ferrero Veronica , Fiorina Elisa , Morrocchi Matteo , Pennazio Francesco , Baroni Guido , Battistoni Giuseppe , Belcari Nicola , Camarlinghi Niccolo’ , Ciocca Mario , Del Guerra Alberto , Donetti Marco , Giordanengo Simona , Giraudo Giuseppe , Patera Vincenzo , Peroni Cristiana , Rivetti Angelo , Rolo Manuel Dionisio da Rocha , Rossi Sandro , Rosso Valeria , Sportelli Giancarlo , Tampellini Sara , Valvo Francesca , Wheadon Richard , Cerello Piergiorgio , Bisogni Maria Giuseppina
Published: February 2018

Particle therapy exploits the energy deposition pattern of hadron beams. The narrow Bragg Peak at the end of range is a major advantage but range uncertainties can cause severe damage and require online verification to maximise the effectiveness in clinics. In-beam Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a non-invasive, promising in-vivo technique, which consists in the measurement of the β+ activity induced by beam-tissue interactions during treatment, and presents the highest correlation of the measured activity distribution with the deposited dose, since it is not much influenced by biological washout. Here we report the first clinical results obtained with a state-of-the-art in-beam PET scanner, with on-the-fly reconstruction of the activity distribution during irradiation. An automated time-resolved quantitative analysis was tested on a lacrimal gland carcinoma case, monitored during two consecutive treatment sessions. The 3D activity map was reconstructed every 10 s, with an average delay between beam delivery and image availability of about 6 s. The correlation coefficient of 3D activity maps for the two sessions (above 0.9 after 120 s) and the range agreement (within 1 mm) prove the suitability of in-beam PET for online range verification during treatment, a crucial step towards adaptive strategies in particle therapy.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as a predictor for recurrence in patients with stage III melanoma
Authors: Ma Junjie , Kuzman James , Ray Abhijit , Lawson Benjamin O. , Khong Brian , Xuan Si , Hahn Andrew W. , Khong Hung T.
Published: February 2018

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a strong predictor for overall survival and disease free survival in many cancers. Our study is the first investigation aiming to determine the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio on prognosis of patients with stage III melanoma. This retrospective study utilized a cohort of 107 patients with stage III melanoma treated at Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, from May 2002 to March 2016. The optimal cutoff of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was determined by the significance of log-rank tests. A total of 97 log-rank tests were conducted to find the optimal cutoff. Disease free survival was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and univariable and multivariable Cox models were applied to evaluate the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. 2.5 was identified as the optimal cutoff. Kaplan–Meier curve showed that the disease free survival rate of the low value group was significantly higher compared to that of high value group. After adjusting for confounders and other prognostic factors, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 2.5 remained a strong predictor for disease recurrence in patients with stage III melanoma.
Cerebral blood flow predicts differential neurotransmitter activity
Authors: Dukart Juergen , Holiga Štefan , Chatham Christopher , Hawkins Peter , Forsyth Anna , McMillan Rebecca , Myers Jim , Lingford-Hughes Anne R , Nutt David J , Merlo-Pich Emilio , Risterucci Celine , Boak Lauren , Umbricht Daniel , Schobel Scott , Liu Thomas , Mehta Mitul A , Zelaya Fernando O , Williams Steve C , Brown Gregory , Paulus Martin , Honey Garry D , Muthukumaraswamy Suresh , Hipp Joerg , Bertolino Alessandro , Sambataro Fabio
Published: February 2018

Application of metabolic magnetic resonance imaging measures such as cerebral blood flow in translational medicine is limited by the unknown link of observed alterations to specific neurophysiological processes. In particular, the sensitivity of cerebral blood flow to activity changes in specific neurotransmitter systems remains unclear. We address this question by probing cerebral blood flow in healthy volunteers using seven established drugs with known dopaminergic, serotonergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic mechanisms of action. We use a novel framework aimed at disentangling the observed effects to contribution from underlying neurotransmitter systems. We find for all evaluated compounds a reliable spatial link of respective cerebral blood flow changes with underlying neurotransmitter receptor densities corresponding to their primary mechanisms of action. The strength of these associations with receptor density is mediated by respective drug affinities. These findings suggest that cerebral blood flow is a sensitive brain-wide in-vivo assay of metabolic demands across a variety of neurotransmitter systems in humans.
Facile fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces with hierarchical structures
Authors: Lee Eunyoung , Lee Kun-Hong
Published: February 2018

Hierarchical structures were fabricated on the surfaces of SUS304 plates using a one-step process of direct microwave irradiation under a carbon dioxide atmosphere. The surface nanostructures were composed of chrome-doped hematite single crystals. Superhydrophobic surfaces with a water contact angle up to 169° were obtained by chemical modification of the hierarchical structures. The samples maintained superhydrophobicity under NaCl solution up to 2 weeks.
Modular peptide-functionalized gold nanorods for effective glioblastoma multicellular tumor spheroid targeting
Authors: Gonçalves D. P. N. , Park D. M. , Schmidt T. L. , Werner C.
Published: February 2018

Peptide functionalized gold nanorods for photothermally induced glioblastoma tumor shrinkage.
Synthesis of simple, low cost and benign sol–gel Cu2InxZn1−xSnS4alloy thin films: influence of different rapid thermal annealing conditions and their photovoltaic solar cells
Authors: Sui Yingrui , Wu Yanjie , Zhang Yu , Wang Fengyou , Gao Yanbo , Lv Shiquan , Wang Zhanwu , Sun Yunfei , Wei Maobin , Yao Bin , Yang Lili
Published: February 2018

Cu2InxZn1−xSnS4(x= 0.4) alloy thin films were synthesized on soda lime glass (SLG) substrate by a simple low-cost sol–gel method followed by a rapid annealing technique.
Effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the physical properties and crystallisation of recycled PET/TPU composites
Authors: Fang Changqing , Yang Rong , Zhang Zisen , Zhou Xing , Lei Wanqing , Cheng Youliang , Zhang Wei , Wang Dong
Published: February 2018

Multiple-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were employed as a reinforcing filler to study the synergistic effect between CNTs and rPET/TPU composites.
Patching defects in the active layer of large-area organic solar cells
Authors: Mao Lin , Sun Lulu , Luo Bangwu , Jiang Youyu , Zhou Yinhua
Published: February 2018

Polar-solvent-soluble, electrical-insulating polymers were used to patch the defects inside the active layer via a Maobi coating to enhance the device yield for large-area organic solar cells.
Multiple spin phases in a switchable Fe(ii) complex: polymorphism and symmetry breaking effects
Authors: Hang Hao , Fei Bin , Chen Xiu Qin , Tong Ming Liang , Ksenofontov Vadim , Gural'skiy Il’ya A. , Bao Xin
Published: February 2018

Three polymorphs of a new Fe(ii) complex have been selectively prepared in their pure forms. They display different SCO properties: the α-form displays a hysteretic one-step spin transition centered at 134 K, the β-form undergoes a hysteretic two-step spin transition (T1/2 = 153 and 144 K) and the γ-form is paramagnetic over the whole temperature region.
Water decontamination by polyoxometalate-functionalized 3D-printed hierarchical porous devices
Authors: Ji Yuanchun , Ma Yuan , Ma Yanjiao , Asenbauer Jakob , Passerini Stefano , Streb Carsten
Published: February 2018

Organic–inorganic composites are reported, where 3D printing, chemical surface modification and molecular metal oxide deposition are combined, enabling heavy metal removal from water.
Low-valent magnesium(i)-catalyzed cyanosilylation of ketones
Authors: Wang Weifan , Luo Man , Li Jia , Pullarkat Sumod A. , Ma Mengtao
Published: February 2018

The magnesium(i) complex [(XylNacnac)Mg]2 was employed as a highly efficient catalyst for ketone cyanosilylation with TMSCN under mild conditions.
Photochemistry of glyoxylate embedded in sodium chloride clusters, a laboratory model for tropospheric sea-salt aerosols
Authors: Bersenkowitsch Nina K. , Ončák Milan , van der Linde Christian , Herburger Andreas , Beyer Martin K.
Published: February 2018

Although marine aerosols undergo extensive photochemical processing in the troposphere, a molecular level understanding of the elementary steps involved in these complex reaction sequences is still missing.
Addressing the energy sustainability of biowaste-derived hard carbon materials for battery electrodes
Authors: Baldinelli Arianna , Dou Xinwei , Buchholz Daniel , Marinaro Mario , Passerini Stefano , Barelli Linda
Published: February 2018

A general methodology for the energy requirement estimation for the synthesis of bio-waste derived hard carbons is described.
Structural effect of different carbon nanomaterials on the corrosion protection of Ni–W alloy coatings in saline media
Authors: Mohammadpour Zahra , Zare Hamid R.
Published: February 2018

The equivalent circuit models used for the fitting of the EIS data of the Ni–W alloy and Ni–W carbon nanomaterial nanocomposite coatings in a corrosive solution of 3.5% NaCl.
A base promoted one pot solvent free version of the Ramachary reductive coupling/alkylation reaction for the synthesis of 2,2-disubstituted ethyl cyanoacetates
Authors: Jiang Guangyou , Liu Min , Fang Dongmei , Tan Ping , Huang Min , Zhou Taiping , Jiang Zhenju , Xu Zhihong , Wang Zhouyu
Published: February 2018

An N,N-diisopropylethylamine promoted solvent-free Ramachary reductive coupling/alkylation (RRC/A) reaction for the synthesis of 2,2-disubstituted ethyl cyanoacetates has been developed.
Unveiling BiVO4 nanorods as a novel anode material for high performance lithium ion capacitors: beyond intercalation strategies
Authors: Dubal Deepak P. , Jayaramulu Kolleboyina , Zboril Radek , Fischer Roland A. , Gomez-Romero Pedro
Published: February 2018

A high energy and high power density Li-ion capacitor based on BiVO4 nanorods (left) and partially reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (PRGO, on right) for EV applications.
A new kind of thermocouple made of p-type and n-type semi-conductive oxides with giant thermoelectric voltage for high temperature sensing
Authors: Liu Dan , Shi Peng , Ren Wei , Liu Yantao , Niu Gang , Liu Ming , Zhang Nan , Tian Bian , Jing Weixuan , Jiang Zhuangde , Ye Zuo-Guang
Published: February 2018

Here, we have reported a new thermocouple with a high thermoelectric voltage of 410.3 mV, which can be used stably in high temperature.
Lyapunov–Krasovskii approach to the stability analysis of the milling process
Authors: Ramírez Luis F. , Saldivar Belem , Ávila Vilchis Juan Carlos , Montes de Oca Saúl
Published: February 2018

Self‐excited milling vibrations represent an important problem in the manufacturing industry. This study presents an out‐of‐process analysis based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii approach which provides operational guidelines for the proper selection of the cutting parameters to guarantee a stable vibration‐free process. The proposed approach considers a time‐delay two degree of freedom model and takes advantage of some useful tools of the control theory developed for time‐delay systems such as the descriptor method and the Bessel–Legendre inequalities.