bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Along‐Stream, Seasonal, and Interannual Variability of the North Icelandic Irminger Current and East Icelandic Current Around Iceland
Authors: Casanova‐Masjoan M. , Pérez‐Hernández M. D. , Pickart R. S. , Valdimarsson H. , Ólafsdóttir S. R. , Macrander A. , Grisolía‐Santos D. , Torres D. J. , Jónsson S. , Våge K. , Lin P. , Hernández‐Guerra A.
Published: August 2020

Data from repeat hydrographic surveys over the 25‐year period 1993 to 2017, together with satellite altimetry data, are used to quantify the temporal and spatial variability of the North Icelandic Irminger Current (NIIC), East Icelandic Current (EIC), and the water masses they advect around northern Iceland. We focus on the warm, salty Atlantic Water (AW) flowing northward through Denmark Strait and the cooler, fresher, denser Atlantic‐origin Overflow Water (AtOW) which has circulated cyclonically around the rim of the Nordic Seas before being advected to the Iceland slope via the EIC. The absolute geostrophic velocities reveal that approximately half of the NIIC recirculates just north of Denmark Strait, while the remaining half merges with the EIC to form a single current that extends to the northeast of Iceland, with no further loss in transport of either component. The AW percentage decreases by 75% over this distance, while the AtOW percentage is higher than that of the AW in the merged current. The NIIC and merged NIIC‐EIC are found to be baroclinically unstable, which causes the flow to become increasingly barotropic as it progresses around Iceland. A seasonal accounting of the water masses within the currents indicates that only in springtime is the NIIC dominated by AW inflow north of Denmark Strait. Overall, there is considerably more seasonal and along‐stream variability in the properties of the flow prior to the merging of the NIIC and EIC. Over the 25‐year time period, the NIIC became warmer, saltier, and increased in volume transport.
Inferring Distributed Snow Depth by Leveraging Snow Pattern Repeatability: Investigation Using 47 Lidar Observations in the Tuolumne Watershed, Sierra Nevada, California
Authors: Pflug J. M. , Lundquist J. D.
Published: August 2020

Snow distribution is controlled by the interaction between local meteorology and static features like topography and vegetation. The resulting spatial pattern of snow in mountainous terrain is often repeatable and can be used to infer snowpack distribution at periods when observations are limited. This study uses a library of airborne lidar surveys (ALS) in California's Tuolumne watershed to analyze snow patterns at extents (1,650 km2), resolutions (25 m), and temporal scales (47 ALS observations over 7 years) unmatched by previous research. Distributed snow depth was inferred from snow depth observations covering a portion of the domain (< 4%) at a period near peak‐snowpack timing and snow distribution patterns from different years. Snow patterns from different years differed as a function of snow extents, variability, and interannual noise (r = 0.30 to 0.90). However, matching criteria like seasonal timing and snow extents were able to identify pairs of snow patterns with increased spatial agreement (median r > 0.84). Distributed snow depth inferred using a strip of observations (<4% coverage), and a well‐correlated snow pattern (r≥ 0.90) had a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.22 m and snow volume error of −6%. Distributed snow depth inferred using patterns of reduced accuracy (r < 0.80) were often too homogeneous, thereby increasing MAE and decreasing the duration of the simulated snowmelt season. This work has applications in water management, where distributed snow depth observations in watersheds with interannual snow pattern repeatability could decrease the extent of observations necessary in future years.
Clinicopathological characterization of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with MYD88 mutations: L265P and non-L265P mutations are associated with different features
Authors: Shuai Wen , Lin Pei , Strati Paolo , Patel Keyur P. , Routbort Mark J. , Hu Shimin , Wei Peng , Khoury Joseph D. , You M. James , Loghavi Sanam , Tang Zhenya , Fang Hong , Thakral Beenu , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Wang Wei
Published: August 2020

MYD88 mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are not well characterized. Earlier reports yielded conflicting results in terms of clinicopathologic presentation and prognostic impact of MYD88 mutations in CLL patients. In addition, the morphological and immunophenotypic features of CLL cases carrying MYD88 mutations have not been explored. Finally, the clinical or biologic implications of the canonical L265P MYD88 mutation vs. mutations in other sites of MYD88 within the context of CLL are also unknown. In this study, a cohort of 1779 CLL patients underwent mutational analysis, and 56 (3.1%) cases were found to have MYD88 mutations, including 38 with L265P mutations (designated here as group A) and 18 with non-L265P mutations (group B). Cases with wild type MYD88 were included as controls. There was no morphological difference in cases with and without MYD88 mutations. Immunophenotypically, cases with mutated MYD88 (both groups A and B) more frequently had an atypical immunophenotype when compared to wild type cases. Group A patients were younger and were associated with variable favorable prognostic factors, including less elevated β2-microglobulin level, negative CD38 and ZAP70, higher frequency of mutated IGHV and isolated del(13q14.3), and lower frequency of del(11q22.3) and mutations of NOTCH1 and SF3B1. In contrast, group B patients were more similar to CLL patients with wild type MYD88. There was no difference in time to first treatment when comparing MYD88-mutated vs. wild type CLL patients before and after stratification according to IGHV mutation status. In summary, MYD88 mutations are uncommon in CLL and cases with L265P mutation have distinctive clinical, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular features. There is no significant impact of MYD88 mutations on time to first treatment in CLL.
Two-color nanoscopy of organelles for extended times with HIDE probes
Authors: Chu Ling , Tyson Jonathan , Shaw Juliana E. , Rivera-Molina Felix , Koleske Anthony J. , Schepartz Alanna , Toomre Derek K.
Published: August 2020

Performing multi-color nanoscopy for extended times is challenging due to the rapid photobleaching rate of most fluorophores. Here we describe a new fluorophore (Yale-595) and a bio-orthogonal labeling strategy that enables two-color super-resolution (STED) and 3D confocal imaging of two organelles simultaneously for extended times using high-density environmentally sensitive (HIDE) probes. Because HIDE probes are small, cell-permeant molecules, they can visualize dual organelle dynamics in hard-to-transfect cell lines by super-resolution for over an order of magnitude longer than with tagged proteins. The extended time domain possible using these tools reveals dynamic nanoscale targeting between different organelles.
Bimodal diel pattern in peatland ecosystem respiration rebuts uniform temperature response
Authors: Järveoja Järvi , Nilsson Mats B. , Crill Patrick M. , Peichl Matthias
Published: August 2020

Accurate projections of climate change impacts on the vast carbon stores of northern peatlands require detailed knowledge of ecosystem respiration (ER) and its heterotrophic (Rh) and autotrophic (Ra) components. Currently, however, standard flux measurement techniques, i.e. eddy covariance and manual chambers, generate empirical ER data during only night- or daytime, respectively, which are extrapolated to the daily scale based on the paradigm that assumes a uniform diel temperature response. Here, using continuous autochamber measurements, we demonstrate a distinct bimodal pattern in diel peatland ER which contrasts the unimodal pattern inherent to the classical assumption. This feature results from divergent temperature dependencies of day- and nighttime ER due to varying contributions from Rh and Ra. We further find that disregarding these bimodal dynamics causes significant bias in ER estimates across multiple temporal scales. This calls for improved process-based understanding of ER to advance our ability to simulate peatland carbon cycle-climate feedbacks.
The geography of COVID-19 spread in Italy and implications for the relaxation of confinement measures
Authors: Bertuzzo Enrico , Mari Lorenzo , Pasetto Damiano , Miccoli Stefano , Casagrandi Renato , Gatto Marino , Rinaldo Andrea
Published: August 2020

The pressing need to restart socioeconomic activities locked-down to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy must be coupled with effective methodologies to selectively relax containment measures. Here we employ a spatially explicit model, properly attentive to the role of inapparent infections, capable of: estimating the expected unfolding of the outbreak under continuous lockdown (baseline trajectory); assessing deviations from the baseline, should lockdown relaxations result in increased disease transmission; calculating the isolation effort required to prevent a resurgence of the outbreak. A 40% increase in effective transmission would yield a rebound of infections. A control effort capable of isolating daily  ~5.5% of the exposed and highly infectious individuals proves necessary to maintain the epidemic curve onto the decreasing baseline trajectory. We finally provide an ex-post assessment based on the epidemiological data that became available after the initial analysis and estimate the actual disease transmission that occurred after weakening the lockdown.
CFTR trafficking mutations disrupt cotranslational protein folding by targeting biosynthetic intermediates
Authors: Shishido Hideki , Yoon Jae Seok , Yang Zhongying , Skach William R.
Published: August 2020

Protein misfolding causes a wide spectrum of human disease, and therapies that target misfolding are transforming the clinical care of cystic fibrosis. Despite this success, however, very little is known about how disease-causing mutations affect the de novo folding landscape. Here we show that inherited, disease-causing mutations located within the first nucleotide-binding domain (NBD1) of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) have distinct effects on nascent polypeptides. Two of these mutations (A455E and L558S) delay compaction of the nascent NBD1 during a critical window of synthesis. The observed folding defect is highly dependent on nascent chain length as well as its attachment to the ribosome. Moreover, restoration of the NBD1 cotranslational folding defect by second site suppressor mutations also partially restores folding of full-length CFTR. These findings demonstrate that nascent folding intermediates can play an important role in disease pathogenesis and thus provide potential targets for pharmacological correction.
Quantifying net loss of global mangrove carbon stocks from 20 years of land cover change
Authors: Richards Daniel R. , Thompson Benjamin S. , Wijedasa Lahiru
Published: August 2020

Mangrove forests hold some of the highest densities of carbon recorded in any ecosystem, but have experienced widespread deforestation through conversion to aquaculture and agriculture. Alongside deforestation, mangroves have shown simultaneous natural expansion in some parts of the world, and considerable investments have been made into restoration programmes. Here we estimate net changes in the global mangrove carbon stock due to land cover change between 1996 and 2016, using data on mangrove deforestation and forestation, and proportional changes in carbon stock during processes of mangrove loss and gain. The global mangrove carbon stock declined by 158.4 Mt (95% CI = −156.8–525.9 Mt); a reduction of 1.8% of the stock present in 1996. Efforts to conserve and restore mangroves appear to have had some success, and - along with natural forestation - have contributed to relatively low net losses of mangrove carbon stocks over two decades.
Improved feasibility of astronaut short-radius artificial gravity through a 50-day incremental, personalized, vestibular acclimation protocol
Authors: Bretl Kathrine N. , Clark Torin K.
Published: August 2020

The “Coriolis” cross-coupled (CC) illusion has historically limited the tolerability of utilizing fast-spin rate, short-radius centrifugation for in-flight artificial gravity. Previous research confirms that humans acclimate to the CC illusion over 10 daily sessions, though the efficacy of additional training is unknown. We investigated human acclimation to the CC illusion over up to 50 daily sessions of personalized, incremental training. During each 25-min session, subjects spun in yaw and performed roll head tilts approximately every 30 s, reporting the presence or absence of the illusion while rating motion sickness every 5 min. Illusion intensity was modulated by altering spin rate based upon subject response, such that the administered stimulus remained near each individual’s instantaneous illusion threshold. Every subject (n = 11) continued to acclimate linearly to the CC illusion during the investigation. Subjects acclimated at an average rate of 1.17 RPM per session (95% CI: 0.63–1.71 RPM per session), with the average tolerable spin rate increasing from 1.4 to 26.2 RPM, corresponding to a reduction in required centrifuge radius from 456.6 to 1.3 m (to produce loading of 1 g at the feet). Subjects reported no more than slight motion sickness throughout their training (mean: 0.92/20, 95% CI: 0.35–1.49/20). We applied survival analysis to determine the probability of individuals reaching various spin rates over a number of training days, providing a tolerability trade parameter for centrifuge design. Results indicate that acclimation to a given, operationally relevant spin rate may be feasible for all subjects if given a sufficient training duration.
Analysis of leaf morphology, secondary metabolites and proteins related to the resistance to Tetranychus cinnabarinus in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Authors: Yang Yanni , Luo Xinglu , Wei Wanling , Fan Zhupeng , Huang Tangwei , Pan Xiaolu
Published: August 2020

Constitutive resistance of plant can be divided into physical and chemical barriers. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is susceptible to mites, especially Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Although significant differences in the resistance to T. cinnabarinus are observed in different cassava cultivars, limited research has been done on the mechanism accounting for the resistance. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of resistance to T. cinnabarinus by comparing morphology, secondary metabolites and proteins in different cassava cultivars. The anatomical structure of leaves showed that the cassava cultivar Xinxuan 048 (XX048), which showed a stronger resistance to T. cinnabarinus in both greenhouse testing and three years field evaluation tests (2016–2018), had thicker palisade tissue, spongy tissue, lower epidermis and leaf midrib tissue compared to cultivar Guire 4 (GR4). Greenhouse evaluation demonstrated that originally these cultivars were different, leading to differences in constitutive levels of metabolites. The proteomic analysis of protected leaves in XX048 and GR4 revealed that up-regulated differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were highly enriched in secondary metabolic pathways, especially in the biosynthesis of flavonoids. This study not only provides a comprehensive data set for overall proteomic changes of leaves in resistant and susceptible cassava, but also sheds light on the morphological characteristics of cassava-mite interaction, secondary metabolite defense responses, and molecular breeding of mite-resistant cassava for effective pest control.
Making of water soluble curcumin to potentiate conventional antimicrobials by inducing apoptosis-like phenomena among drug-resistant bacteria
Authors: Yadav Shivangi , Singh Ashish Kumar , Agrahari Anand Kumar , Sharma Kavyanjali , Singh Anoop Shyam , Gupta Munesh Kumar , Tiwari Vinod Kumar , Prakash Pradyot
Published: August 2020

The upsurge of multidrug resistant bacterial infections with declining pipeline of newer antibiotics has made it imperative to develop newer molecules or tailor the existing molecules for more effective antimicrobial therapies. Since antiquity, the use of curcumin, in the form ofCurcuma longapaste, to treat infectious lesions is unperturbed despite its grave limitations like instability and aqueous insolubility. Here, we utilized “click” chemistry to address both the issues along with improvisation of its antibacterial and antibiofilm profile. We show that soluble curcumin disrupts several bacterial cellular processes leading to the Fenton’s chemistry mediated increased production of reactive oxygen species and increased membrane permeability of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. We here report that its ability to induce oxidative stress can be harnessed to potentiate activities of ciprofloxacin, meropenem, and vancomycin. In addition, we demonstrated that the soluble curcumin reported herein even sensitizes resistant Gram-negative clinical isolates to the Gram-positive specific antibiotic vancomycin, thereby expanding the antibacterial spectrum of this drug. This work shows that the soluble curcumin can be used to enhance the action of existing antimicrobials against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria thus strengthening the antibiotic arsenal for fighting resistant bacterial infections for many years to come.
Training induced fatigability assessed by sEMG in Pre-Olympic ice-skaters
Authors: Pakosz Paweł , Konieczny Mariusz
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the size of the change and asymmetry in fatigability of gluteus maximus muscles during endurance training in short-track. The research has taken into account the position of athletes during skating and the problem of fatigue and pain in these muscles. The research covered involved eight female athletes of the Polish National Team in short track, which had been prepared to the Olympic Games in PyeongChang. The surface electromyography (sEMG) system was used to measure fatigue of right and left gluteus maximus muscles, in the modified Biering–Sorensen test. The test was conducted five times during the training: before training, after warmup, and after each of 3 series of the endurance training. Comparing the mean frequency of the surface electromyography power spectrum of the test, statistically significant reduction of the average frequency value of the right muscle from 55.61 ± 7.08 to 48.64 ± 4.48 Hz and left muscle from 58.78 ± 4.98 to 53.18 ± 4.62 Hz was reported, which prove the muscle fatigue. In subsequent series tests, the sEMG signal frequency of begin decrease more than the end of the each measurement, which determines the fatigue threshold. The size of the d Cohen effect in fatigue drops along with subsequent five tests during the training. Skaters has higher frequency reduction of the right lower limb, which indicates its greater fatigue during skateing. The fatigue and asymmetry in muscle observed in short-track has implications for training and performance.
Towards applying NMR relaxometry as a diagnostic tool for bone and soft tissue sarcomas: a pilot study
Authors: Masiewicz Elzbieta , Ashcroft George P. , Boddie David , Dundas Sinclair R. , Kruk Danuta , Broche Lionel M.
Published: August 2020

This work explores what Fast Field-Cycling Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (FFC-NMR) relaxometry brings for the study of sarcoma to guide future in vivo analyses of patients. We present the results of an ex vivo pilot study involving 10 cases of biopsy-proven sarcoma and we propose a quantitative method to analyse 1H NMR relaxation dispersion profiles based on a model-free approach describing the main dynamical processes in the tissues and assessing the amplitude of the Quadrupole Relaxation Enhancement effects due to 14N. This approach showed five distinct groups of dispersion profiles indicating five discrete categories of sarcoma, with differences attributable to microstructure and rigidity. Data from tissues surrounding sarcomas indicated very significant variations with the proximity to tumour, which may be attributed to varying water content but also to tissue remodelling processes due to the sarcoma. This pilot study illustrates the potential of FFC relaxometry for the detection and characterisation of sarcoma.
Improved locomotor recovery after contusive spinal cord injury in Bmal1−/− mice is associated with protection of the blood spinal cord barrier
Authors: Slomnicki Lukasz P. , Myers Scott A. , Saraswat Ohri Sujata , Parsh Molly V. , Andres Kariena R. , Chariker Julia H. , Rouchka Eric C. , Whittemore Scott R. , Hetman Michal
Published: August 2020

The transcription factor BMAL1/ARNTL is a non-redundant component of the clock pathway that regulates circadian oscillations of gene expression. Loss of BMAL1 perturbs organismal homeostasis and usually exacerbates pathological responses to many types of insults by enhancing oxidative stress and inflammation. Surprisingly, we observed improved locomotor recovery and spinal cord white matter sparing in Bmal1−/− mice after T9 contusive spinal cord injury (SCI). While acute loss of neurons and oligodendrocytes was unaffected, Bmal1 deficiency reduced the chronic loss of oligodendrocytes at the injury epicenter 6 weeks post SCI. At 3 days post-injury (dpi), decreased expression of genes associated with cell proliferation, neuroinflammation and disruption of the blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) was also observed. Moreover, intraspinal extravasation of fibrinogen and immunoglobulins was decreased acutely at dpi 1 and subacutely at dpi 7. Subacute decrease of hemoglobin deposition was also observed. Finally, subacutely reduced levels of the leukocyte marker CD45 and even greater reduction of the pro-inflammatory macrophage receptor CD36 suggest not only lower numbers of those cells but also their reduced inflammatory potential. These data indicate that Bmal1 deficiency improves SCI outcome, in part by reducing BSCB disruption and hemorrhage decreasing cytotoxic neuroinflammation and attenuating the chronic loss of oligodendrocytes.
Phosphoproteomic strategies in cancer research: a minireview
Authors: Sürmen Mustafa Gani , Sürmen Saime , Ali Arslan , Musharraf Syed Ghulam , Emekli Nesrin
Published: August 2020

Due to the critical nature of biological and clinical samples used in cancer research, in terms of amount, stability and diversity of analytes, several combinations of sample preparation steps and methods have been developed.
Real time analysis of trace volatile organic compounds in ambient air: a comparison between membrane inlet single photon ionization mass spectrometry and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry
Authors: Yu Zhujun , Liu Chao , Niu Hongzhi , Wu Manman , Gao Wei , Zhou Zhen , Huang Zhengxu , Li Xue
Published: August 2020

Membrane single photon ionization mass spectrometry enables real-time monitoring of volatile organic compounds at trace levels, providing important complementary information on aromatics and alkanes in the air.
A suspect screening analysis for contaminants of emerging concern in municipal wastewater and surface water using liquid–liquid extraction and stir bar sorptive extraction
Authors: Murrell Kyra A. , Dorman Frank L.
Published: August 2020

The presence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in wastewater effluent and surface waters is an important field of research for analytical scientists.
A novel acid-sensitive quantum dot sensor array for the identification of Chinese baijiu
Authors: Li Jiawei , Shui Zhengfan , Dong Liang , Shen Lian , Zhao Dong , Luo Huibo , Ma Yi , Hou Changjun , Huo Danqun
Published: August 2020

Realizing discrimination and detection of organic acids and using this to achieve classification of Baijiu has great practical significance. Three kinds of QDs were selected to construct a fluorescent sensor array for detecting and discriminating organic acids and Baijiu.
Correction: Rosetta custom score functions accurately predict ΔΔG of mutations at protein–protein interfaces using machine learning
Authors: Shringari Sumant R. , Giannakoulias Sam , Ferrie John J. , Petersson E. James
Published: August 2020

Correction for ‘Rosetta custom score functions accurately predict ΔΔG of mutations at protein–protein interfaces using machine learning’ by Sumant R. Shringari et al., Chem. Commun., 2020, 56, 6774–6777, DOI: 10.1039/D0CC01959C.
Multi-responsive chemosensing and photocatalytic properties of three luminescent coordination polymers derived from a bifunctional 1,1′-di(4-carbonylphenyl)-2,2′-biimidazoline ligand
Authors: Wang Jun , Chen Ning-Ning , Qian Jin , Chen Xuan-Rong , Zhang Xin-Yue , Fan Liming
Published: August 2020

Three 3D ZnII/CdII CPs were synthesized to act as multiresponsive luminescent sensors for Fe3+, Cr2O72− and NZF antibiotic. The photocatalytic studies indicate that the CPs 1–3 have good photocatalytic capability in degradation of MB.
Unveiling conformational dynamics changes of H-Ras induced by mutations based on accelerated molecular dynamics
Authors: Chen Jianzhong , Wang Wei , Pang Laixue , Zhu Weiliang
Published: August 2020

The conformational transformation of two switches caused by mutations induces different free energy profiles of H-Ras.
TiO2 supported Ru catalysts for the hydrogenation of succinic acid: influence of the support
Authors: Brzezinska Magdalena , Niemeier Johannes , Louven Yannik , Keller Nicolas , Palkovits Regina , Ruppert Agnieszka M.
Published: August 2020

The TiO2 support composition and the reduction method impact both metal–support interaction and Ru nanoparticle size driving the catalyst performances in succinic acid hydrogenation.
Facile synthesis of an A3B-type phthalocyanine with a peripheral thiocatecholate binding group and its coordination to Ni(dppe): spectroscopy and theory
Authors: Bartlett Malcolm Alan , Sundermeyer Jörg
Published: August 2020

A single thiocatecholate group has been combined with a phthalocyanine and used to coordinate a [Ni(dppe)]2+ fragment to give the unprecedented title complex [(dppe)Ni(S2PcH2)].
Fabrication of NiCo2S4/carbon-filled nickel foam complex as an advanced binder-free electrode for supercapacitors
Authors: Hui Shengjie , Ju Tao , Lin Xuemei , Li Yuchun , Wang Yuxuan , Ying Zongrong
Published: August 2020

A novel strategy, composed of epoxy-resin filling, carbonization, and hydrothermal growing of NiCo2S4 nanorods, was developed to fabricate high-performance NiCo2S4/carbon-filled nickel foam binder-free electrodes.
Manipulating unidirectional fluid transportation to drive sustainable solar water extraction and brine-drenching induced energy generation
Authors: Zhang Yaoxin , Zhang Hong , Xiong Ting , Qu Hao , Koh J. Justin , Nandakumar Dilip Krishna , Wang John , Tan Swee Ching
Published: August 2020

A fluidic photothermal structure is demonstrated for completely salt-rejecting solar water extraction and simultaneous brine-drenching induced energy generation.
Recrystallization upon solvent vapor annealing and impact of polymer crystallinity on hole transport in poly(3-hexylthiophene):small molecule blends
Authors: Chlebosz Dorota , Janus Krzysztof , Danielewicz Kinga , Goldeman Waldemar , Czapik Agnieszka , Glaßer Gunnar , Mezger Markus , Kiersnowski Adam
Published: August 2020

This work demonstrates an impact of molecular architecture of aromatic diimides on crystal morphology and hole mobility in their blends with P3HT. The effect of solvent-vapor annealing on recrystallization of the blends is discussed in detail.
A highly efficient fog harvester of electrospun permanent superhydrophobic–hydrophilic polymer nanocomposite fiber mats
Authors: Uddin Md. Nizam , Desai Fenil J. , Rahman Muhammad M. , Asmatulu Ramazan
Published: August 2020

To address the worldwide issue of water scarcity, which is threatening our sustainable economic development and ecological security, an efficient water-collecting surface with fast-capturing capability and easy drainage is essential.
Potassium iodide and bis(pyridylcarbamate) electrostatic synergy in the fixation reaction of CO2and epoxides
Authors: Hao Yongjing , Tian Tian , Kang Yanhui , Chang Tao , Fu Xiying , Zhu Zheng , Meng Xiaocai , Panchal Balaji , Qin Shenjun
Published: August 2020

The synergistic interaction of KI and bis(pyridylcarbamate) plays an important role in the fixation reaction of CO2and epoxides.
Photoelectrocatalytic activity of In(iii)-modified TiO2 photoanodes in the visible spectrum region
Authors: Grinberg V. A. , Emets V. V. , Maslov D. A. , Tsodikov M. V. , Mayorova N. A. , Averin A. A. , Fedotov A. S. , Marinova M. , Simon P.
Published: August 2020

Nanocrystalline film photoanodes of titanium dioxide modified with In(iii) ions in the concentration range from 1.0 to 10 mass% (0.23 to 2.52 at%) are manufactured using the sol–gel method.
Two-dimensional layered Janus-In2SeTe/C2N van der Waals heterostructures for photocatalysis and photovoltaics: first-principles calculations
Authors: Li Xiao-Hua , Wang Bao-Ji , Li Hui , Yang Xue-Feng , Zhao Rui-Qi , Jia Xing-Tao , Ke San-Huang
Published: August 2020

Through DFT calculations, Janus-In2SeTe/C2N heterostructures are found to have great potential applications in the fields of clean and sustainable energy.
Multiple stimuli-switchable electrocatalysis and logic gates of rutin based on semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel films
Authors: Ma Yang , Li Mingming , Shi Keren , Chen Zhifeng , Yang Baozhong , Rao Deyu , Li Xiawei , Ma Wei , Hou Shaozhang , Gou Guojing , Yao Huiqin
Published: August 2020

The switching properties of PAA–PDEA films polymerized as a semi-IPN were studied with rutin as a probe and a logic gate was constructed.
Tandem Prins cyclizations for the construction of oxygen containing heterocycles
Authors: Padmaja P. , Reddy P. Narayana , Subba Reddy B. V.
Published: August 2020

This review focuses on tandem Prins cyclizations for the construction of oxygen containing heterocycles.
Axial functionalisation of photoactive diazido platinum(iv) anticancer complexes
Authors: Shi Huayun , Imberti Cinzia , Clarkson Guy J. , Sadler Peter J.
Published: August 2020

Mono-functionalised diazido Pt(iv) anticancer complexes release Pt(ii) species and radicals upon irradiation. Their di-functionalised analogues with an additional dichloroacetate ligand show improved photocytotoxicity and photo-generated ROS.
Protective effects of selenium-enriched peptides from Cardamine violifolia against high-fat diet induced obesity and its associated metabolic disorders in mice
Authors: Yu Tian , Guo Jia , Zhu Song , Li Meng , Zhu Zhenzhou , Cheng Shuiyuan , Wang Shiwei , Sun Yanmei , Cong Xin
Published: August 2020

Selenium-enriched peptides from Cardamine violifolia (CSP) have excellent antioxidant functions but little is known about their effects on obesity and associated metabolic disorders in mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD).
Impact of electrode geometry and thickness on planar on-chip microsupercapacitors
Authors: Vyas Agin , Wang Kejian , Li Qi , Saleem Amin M. , Bylund Maria , Andersson Rickard , Desmaris Vincent , Smith Anderson , Lundgren Per , Enoksson Peter
Published: August 2020

We present an in-depth analysis of the impact of geometry and carbon nanofiber thickness on CMOS compatible microsupercapacitor performance.
A dual-mode resonance Rayleigh scattering and colorimetric alkaline phosphatase assay based on in situ ascorbic acid-induced signal generation from manganese dioxide nanosheets
Authors: Liu Shiyu , Song Xiaoxiao , Li Jinping , Zhou Jiahong , Na Weidan , Deng Dawei
Published: August 2020

Multimode sensing has attracted extensive attention because they provide more than one transduction channel, thus improving accuracy and sensitivity.
Boron Schiff bases derived from α-amino acids as nucleoli/cytoplasm cell-staining fluorescent probes in vitro
Authors: Lara-Cerón Jesús A. , Jiménez Pérez Víctor M. , Xochicale-Santana Leonardo , Ochoa María E. , Chávez-Reyes Arturo , Muñoz-Flores Blanca M.
Published: August 2020

Boron Schiff bases derived from amino acids show nucleoli and cytoplasm staining fluorescent probes with good photostability and low cytotoxicity, which make them candidates to be used in medical diagnosis.
Ruthenium-catalyzed, site-selective C–H activation: access to C5-substituted azaflavanone
Authors: Bakthadoss Manickam , Reddy Tadiparthi Thirupathi , Sharada Duddu S.
Published: August 2020

A site-selective ruthenium-catalyzed keto group assisted C–H bond activation of 2-aryl tetrahydroquinoline (azaflavanone) derivatives has been achieved with a variety of alkenes for the first time.
Evaluation of the students’ understanding of models in science (SUMS) for use in undergraduate chemistry
Authors: Lazenby Katherine , Becker Nicole M.
Published: August 2020

As chemistry education, and science education more broadly, have shifted to emphasize realistic scientific practices as an important component of education, a number of researchers have used the Students’ Understanding of Models in Science (SUMS) instrument to assess students’ knowledge about scientific models and modelling. SUMS has also been used in a number of studies to assess the efficacy of models- and modelling-focused curricular interventions on students’ epistemic knowledge of models and modelling in several contexts. In this study, we examine the functioning of the SUMS instrument in an introductory university-level chemistry context and present evidence regarding the validity of data produced using SUMS in this context. Data collected from university chemistry students were used to examine students’ response patterns. We also present results from factor analyses, which were used to investigate the internal structure of the SUMS. The results suggest that SUMS cannot be used to support claims about undergraduate chemistry students’ epistemic knowledge of scientific models and modelling.
Highly efficient electrochemical energy conversion in a 3D hollow microenvironment: towards on-a-chip sensor applications
Authors: Minatogau Ferro Letícia Mariê , de Barros Anerise , Zaparoli Falsetti Luís Otávio , Corrêa Cátia Crispilho , Merces Leandro , Bof Bufon Carlos César
Published: August 2020

Multipurpose analytical platforms that can reliably be adapted to distinct targets are essential nowadays.
A novel approach for green synthesis of WO3 nanomaterials and their highly selective chemical sensing properties
Authors: Galstyan Vardan , Poli Nicola , D'Arco Annalisa , Macis Salvatore , Lupi Stefano , Comini Elisabetta
Published: August 2020

Preparation of WO3 nanoparticles using sodium chloride and distilled water and their application in chemiresistive gas sensors for the selective detection of acetone.
A novel molecular descriptor for highly efficient (ϕTADF > 90%) transition metal TADF Au(iii) complexes
Authors: Wang Yu , Peng Qian , Ou Qi , Lin Shiyun , Shuai Zhigang
Published: August 2020

It is generally perceived that a fast reverse intersystem crossing rate of T1 → S1 (krisc) is crucial for efficient organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters.
Correction: Investigating the effect of a fluoroethylene carbonate additive on lithium deposition and the solid electrolyte interphase in lithium metal batteries using in situ NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Gunnarsdóttir Anna B. , Vema Sundeep , Menkin Svetlana , Marbella Lauren E. , Grey Clare P.
Published: August 2020

Correction for ‘Investigating the effect of a fluoroethylene carbonate additive on lithium deposition and the solid electrolyte interphase in lithium metal batteries using in situ NMR spectroscopy’ by Anna B. Gunnarsdóttir et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, 8, 14975–14992, DOI: 10.1039/D0TA05652A
Mitochondrial control of cellular protein homeostasis
Authors: Mohanraj Karthik , Nowicka Urszula , Chacinska Agnieszka
Published: August 2020

Mitochondria are involved in several vital functions of the eukaryotic cell. The majority of mitochondrial proteins are coded by nuclear DNA. Constant import of proteins from the cytosol is a prerequisite for the efficient functioning of the organelle. The protein import into mitochondria is mediated by diverse import pathways and is continuously under watch by quality control systems. However, it is often challenged by both internal and external factors, such as oxidative stress or energy shortage. The impaired protein import and biogenesis leads to the accumulation of mitochondrial precursor proteins in the cytosol and activates several stress response pathways. These defense mechanisms engage a network of processes involving transcription, translation, and protein clearance to restore cellular protein homeostasis. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of various factors and processes contributing to mitochondrial stress caused by protein biogenesis failure and summarize the recovery mechanisms employed by the cell.
Response to the letter ‘Absent regulation of iron acquisition by the copper regulator Mac1 in A. fumigatus’
Authors: Park Yong-Sung , Kang Suzie , Seo Hyewon , Yun Cheol-Won
Published: August 2020

The answer to the letter ‘Absent regulation of iron acquisition by the copper regulator Mac1 in A. fumigatus’ has been prepared. We explained our data and showed supplementary information to answer the questions. And we respect the results of other groups first and explain the differences from our results.
Using nuclear envelope mutations to explore age-related skeletal muscle weakness
Authors: Battey Edmund , Stroud Matthew J. , Ochala Julien
Published: August 2020

Skeletal muscle weakness is an important determinant of age-related declines in independence and quality of life but its causes remain unclear. Accelerated ageing syndromes such as Hutchinson–Gilford Progerin Syndrome, caused by mutations in genes encoding nuclear envelope proteins, have been extensively studied to aid our understanding of the normal biological ageing process. Like several other pathologies associated with genetic defects to nuclear envelope proteins including Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, Limb–Girdle muscular dystrophy and congenital muscular dystrophy, these disorders can lead to severe muscle dysfunction. Here, we first describe the structure and function of nuclear envelope proteins, and then review the mechanisms by which mutations in genes encoding nuclear envelope proteins induce premature ageing diseases and muscle pathologies. In doing so, we highlight the potential importance of such genes in processes leading to skeletal muscle weakness in old age.
Teeth roots displacement in the maxillary sinus: characteristics and management
Authors: Seigneur Mathilde , Cloitre Alexandra , Malard Olivier , Lesclous Philippe
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Teeth displacement in the maxillary sinus is one of the most frequently described peri-extraction complications in oral surgery. Roots or whole teeth accidentally displaced during an avulsion process are the most common cause of foreign bodies in the maxillary sinus. It exposes the patient to more or less serious complications that can go as far as development of pneumonia or septic thrombosis of the cavernous sinus in rare cases. Several therapeutic solutions can be proposed to manage this complication, ranging from therapeutic abstention to the removal of the dental component using various techniques. Corpus: The pedagogical objectives of this article are to explain the main characteristics of this complication as well as its treatment. Through a systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA methodology, the risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, complications, and management of teeth displacement will be discussed. A treatment decision tree will be proposed to guide practitioners in the management of a tooth or dental root displaced into the sinus. Conclusion: This article summarizes the importance of pre-extraction radiographic examinations for preventive purposes and their analysis to guide the practitioner in the choice of an appropriate surgical technique. Furthermore, the surgical management in almost all cases must be carried out early to prevent later infectious complications.
Caractéristiques des activités infirmières et infirmières puéricultrices dans le cadre des programmes d’éducation thérapeutique en diabétologie pédiatrique : une étude qualitative descriptive
Authors: Mayen Sandrine , De Clifford-Faugere Gwenaëlle , Mourey Sylvie , Espanet Nelly , Reynaud Rachel , Gentile Stéphanie , Colson Sébastien
Published: August 2020

Introduction :Les programmes d’éducation thérapeutique du patient offrent un soutien aux enfants qui ont un diabète de type 1 et à leurs familles. Les infirmières participent en équipe pluridisciplinaire à ces programmes, mais leurs activités sont actuellement insuffisamment documentées dans la littérature.Objectif :Décrire l’activité infirmière dans les programmes d’éducation thérapeutique du patient en diabétologie pédiatrique.Méthode :Étude qualitative descriptive par entretiens semi-dirigés individuels auprès d’infirmières travaillant en secteur hospitalier ou en séjours éducatifs, avec analyse lexicométrique des discours.Résultats :Vingt infirmières, dont dix infirmières puéricultrices ont participé à l’étude. Les participantes décrivent les compétences de communication et d’adaptation mobilisées pour gérer l’activité éducative et sa traçabilité. Les besoins spécifiques des patients sont pris en compte par l’adaptabilité et la variété des méthodes et outils pédagogiques mobilisés en fonction de l’âge, du niveau de compréhension, et de la culture.Discussion :Les infirmières semblent développer des compétences relationnelles pour dispenser et coordonner l’éducation thérapeutique, sans forcément être coordinatrice. Elles confirment la nécessité de tenir compte des besoins spécifiques de l’enfant et de l’adolescent. Les contraintes organisationnelles apparaissent comme génératrices de compétences collectives entre soignants-soignés et entre pairs.Conclusion :Cette étude permet de prendre en considération la perception des infirmières dans l’élaboration d’un programme éducatif interrégional.
High temperature electrical transport properties of MBE-grown Mg-doped GaN and AlGaN materials
Authors: Konczewicz L. , Juillaguet S. , Litwin-Staszewska E. , Piotrzkowski R. , Peyre H. , Matta S. , Al Khalfioui M. , Leroux M. , Damilano B. , Brault J. , Contreras S.
Published: August 2020

This paper discusses the results of high temperature resistivity and Hall effect studies of Mg-doped GaN and AlxGa1−xN epilayers (0.05 < x < 0.23). The studied samples were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on low temperature buffers of GaN and AlN deposited on a sapphire substrate. The experiments were carried out at temperatures ranging from 300 up to 1000 K. Up to a certain critical temperature TC (around 800 K), a typical increase of the conduction processes due to the excitation of impurity states has been observed with an activation energy of about EA = 200 meV. However, at this critical temperature TC, an annealing effect was observed in all the investigated samples. At this critical temperature, the increase in the free carrier concentration as a function of time leads to an irreversible decrease in the samples’ resistivity of more than 60%. The observed temperature dependences of the electrical transport properties are analyzed in the frame of an impurity model including shallow donors and Mg-related acceptors (with EA ∼ 200 meV). In some cases, an additional conduction channel not related to free carriers in the valence band must be taken into account. This can lead to an incorrect determination of hole concentration in the valence band, an important parameter in the process of radiative recombination.
New method for determining empirical force fields of lithium battery materials
Authors: Larter Raima
Published: August 2020

A technique to calculate force fields for solid-state electrolyte materials is proposed, increasing the screening speed for candidate materials.
Augmenting machine learning of energy landscapes with local structural information
Authors: Honrao Shreyas J. , Xie Stephen R. , Hennig Richard G.
Published: August 2020

We present a machine learning approach for accurately predicting formation energies of binary compounds in the context of crystal structure predictions. The success of any machine learning model depends significantly on the choice of representation used to encode the relevant physical information into machine-learnable data. We test different representation schemes based on partial radial and angular distribution functions (RDF+ADF) on Al–Ni and Cd–Te structures generated using our genetic algorithm for structure prediction. We observe a remarkable improvement in predictive accuracy upon transitioning from global to atom-centered representations, resulting in a threefold decrease in prediction errors. We show that a support vector regression model using a combination of atomic radial and angular distribution functions performs best at the formation energy prediction task, providing small root mean squared errors of 3.9 meV/atom and 10.9 meV/atom for Al–Ni and Cd–Te, respectively. We test the performance of our models against common traditional descriptors and find that RDF- and ADF-based representations significantly outperform many of those in the prediction of formation energies. The high accuracy of predictions makes our machine learning models great candidates for the exploration of energy landscapes.
Compressed sensing based tuning algorithm for the sensor of proton precession magnetometers
Authors: Song Hengli , Liu Huan , Dong Haobin , Liu Zheng , Ge Jian , Yuan Zhiwen , Zhu Jun , Luan Xinqun
Published: August 2020

In this Note, a new compressed sensing-based tuning algorithm has been developed to boost the sensor tuning performance of the proton precession magnetometers (PPMs). An end-to-end framework for the PPM’s sensing free induction decay (FID) signal resonance based on orthogonal matching pursuit compressed sensing (OMPCS), dubbed OMPCS-FID resonance (OMPCS-FIDR), is developed and its working principle and implemented strategy are elaborated. By comparing the new sensor tuning approach with the state-of-the-art algorithms, i.e., peak detection, auto-correction, and secondary tuning, the results demonstrate that the proposed tuning method not only retains the performance but also overcomes the drawbacks of the state-of-the-art methods, which accelerates the possibilities of the PPM working in a scenario with a strong gradient magnetic field.
3-dimensional particle image velocimetry based evaluation of turbulent skin-friction reduction by spanwise wall oscillation
Authors: Kempaiah Kushal U. , Scarano Fulvio , Elsinga Gerrit E. , van Oudheusden Bas W. , Bermel Leon
Published: August 2020

The reduction of turbulent skin-friction drag and the response of vortical structures in a zero-pressure gradient, turbulent boundary layer subjected to spanwise wall oscillation is investigated using planar and tomographic particle image velocimetry (PIV). The experiments are conducted at a momentum based Reynolds number of 1000, while the range of spanwise oscillation amplitude and frequency is chosen around the optimum reported in previous studies. A high-resolution planar PIV measurement is employed to determine the drag reduction directly from wall shear measurements and to analyze the accompanying modifications in the turbulent vortical structures. Drag reduction of up to 15% is quantified, with variations following the trends reported in the literature. The analysis of the turbulence structure of the flow is made in terms of Reynolds shear stresses, turbulence production, and vortex visualization. A pronounced drop of turbulence production is observed up to a height of 100 wall units from the wall. The vorticity analysis, both in the streamwise wall-normal plane and in the volumetric results, indicates a reduction of vorticity fluctuations in the near-wall domain. A distortion of the hairpin-packet arrangement is hypothesized, suggesting that the drag-reduction mechanism lies in the inhibition of the hairpin auto-generation by the spanwise wall oscillations.