bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Literasi di TK Islam Athirah 1 Makassar
Authors: Nurfawali Asbar Andi Evi , Parwoto Parwoto , Rusmayadi Rusmayadi , Herlina Herlina
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi anak dengan menggunakan pembelajaran project based learning. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain Quasi Experimental dan menggunakan desain Non-equivalent control Group Design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 20 anak didik dengan teknik Systematic sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan uji statistik non parametrik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Gambaran pembelajaran literasi menggunakan metode suku kata (Syllabic method) dapat dikatakan bahwa anak belajar mengenal huruf tanpa mengeja sehingga anak mudah untuk lupa huruf, (2) Gambaran pembelajaran project based learning di TK Islam Athirah 1 Makassar, Treatment yang diberikan berupa penerapan pembelajaran project based learning yang terdiri dari empat jenis permainan yaitu: permainan kura-kura baca, pohon kata, kartu pop up, dan tab kelinci, (3) Terdapat pengaruh pembelajaran project based learning terhadap kemampuan literasi anak di TK Islam Athirah 1 Makassar. Berdasarkan uji Mann whitney, diperoleh nilai 0,001 < 0,05 sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel X (pembelajaran project based learning) berpengaruh terhadap variabel Y (kemampuan literasi).
Penerapan Fitrah Seksualitas Pada Anak Usia Dini Di RA AL-Istiqomah Kuningan
Authors: Reka Candra  , Badroeni Badroeni
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menjadikan masyarakat mengenal kembali fitrah yang telah Allah tanamkan pada masing-masing manusia agar kehidupan dapat berjalan dengan semestinya sesuai dengan tugas, peran, dan fungsinya khususnya fitrah seksualitas sehingga dewasa nanti sudah mengenali dan mengetahui peran dan fungsinya sebagai perempuan maupun sebagai ibu atau isteri, atau laki-laki sebagai suami atau ayah, yang memiliki maskulinitas tinggi untuk laki-laki dan feminimitas tinggi untuk perempuan sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab dalam membentuk dan menciptakan generasi yang lebih sehat, cerdas, dan kuat untuk keluarga dan bangsanya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan desain pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di RA Al-Istiqomah dengan menggunakan teknik penelitian wawancara terstruktur pada kepala sekolah, guru serta orang tua; observasi pada guru serta peserta didik; dan telaah dokumen (berupa keadministrasian, dst). Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis dari sumber data primer dan sekunder untuk mengolah data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan fitrah seksualitas pada anak usia dini belum dicantumkan secara khusus pada kurikulum lembaga, namun pihak lembanga melakukannya secara spontan, melalui pembiasaan, dan keteladanan. Penerapan fitrah seksualitas terdapat dalam KD, STPPA, muatan pengembangan pembelajaran PAI, dan salah satu tema pembelajaran.
Strategi Guru dalam Mengenalkan Literasi Lingkungan Hidup Pada Anak Usia Dini 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Haula Haula Millati Azka , Wulan Sri , Sumadi Tjipto
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan strategi guru dalam mengenalkan literasi lingkungan hidup anak usia 5-6 tahun. Literasi lingkungan hidup menjadi semakin penting dalam menghadapi tantangan perubahan iklim. Guru memiliki peran yang strategis dalam membentuk pemahaman serta kesadaran anak terhadap lingkungan sejak usia dini. Peneliti menganalisis hasil temuan jurnal yang berkaitan dengan kontribusi guru dalam proses belajar mengajar untuk mengenalkan literasi lingkungan hidup pada anak usia 5-6 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi pustakaan/literature review. Metode yang digunakan adalah mengkaji berbagai penelitian dan artikel ilmiah yang sesuai dengan topik kemudian diidentifikasi, dievaluasi dan disintesis. Hasil kajian pustaka menunjukkan bahwa guru memiliki peran kunci dalam mengenalkan konsep-konsep dasar lingkungan hidup kepada anak-anak melalui pendekatan pembelajaran yang interaktif dan menyenangkan. Metode pengajaran yang efektif meliputi penggunaan cerita, permainan, proyek, dan kegiatan praktis yang melibatkan anak secara langsung dengan alam. Guru juga dihimbau untuk mengintegrasikan literasi lingkungan dalam kurikulum harian dan bekerja sama dengan orang tua serta komunitas untuk memperkuat pesan-pesan lingkungan. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat komponen utama literasi lingkungan yaitu pengetahuan mengenai isu lingkungan, keterampilan berpikir kritis, sikap terhadap lingkungan, dan perilaku terkait lingkungan. Implikasi dari penelitian ini ialah pentingnya pengembangan keterampilan profesional guru mengenai literasi lingkungan hidup agar guru dapat memberikan pendidikan lingkungan yang bermakna dan efektif bagi anak usia dini
Optimalisasi Pembelajaran Menulis Naratif Melalui Media Komunikatif pada Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus Tunarungu
Authors: Sriwidiastuty Asi , Sarwi  , Sudarmin  , Nurcahyono Adi
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mereview optimalisasi media gambar seri sebagai media komunikatif dalam pembelajaran menulis naratif bagi siswa tunarungu. Penelitian  ini  menggunakan  metode literature  review atau  tinjauan  pustaka. Diperoleh 15 artikel yang sesuai dengan tujuan literature review. Literature review ini  disintesis  menggunakan  metode  naratif  dengan mengelompokkan  data-data  hasil ekstraksi  yang  sejenis  sesuai  dengan  hasil  yang  diukur  untuk  menjawab  tujuan. Hasil literature review dari 15 artikel yang relevan menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya penggunaan media gambar yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis bagi siswa. Siswa lebih senang dengan adanya penggunaan media gambar sebagai penunjang dalam proses belajarnya. Media komunikatif berupa gambar dapat membuat daya tarik siswa agar lebih memahami sekaligus mengenal berbagai macam gambar yang disajikan sehingga dapat meningkatkan daya ingat siswa.
Peran Buku Cerita Bergambar sebagai Media Pembelajaran Bahasa dalam Meningkatkan Kreativitas dan Komunikasi Peserta Didik di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sukniasih  , Hartono  , Rokhman Fathur , Wagiran
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran dari buku cerita bergambar sebagai sebuah media pembelajaran bahasa dalam meningkatkan kreativitas dan komunikasi peserta didik di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Sumurwuni di kota Cirebon  di gugus 5 Harjamukti. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 30 siswa kelas I dan 30 siswa kelas II. Data dikumpulkan melalui metode observasi kelas, wawancara dengan guru dan siswa, serta analisis dokumen buku cerita bergambar yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik analisis tematik. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buku cerita bergambar dapat merangsang imajinasi, meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa, dan memperkuat kemampuan komunikasi siswa. Ditemukan pula bahwa penggunaan buku cerita bergambar dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi bagi pendidik untuk mengintegrasikan buku cerita bergambar dalam proses pembelajaran.
THE PRACTICE OF UNIVERSITY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND GENERAL EDUCATION: PROMOTING COMMUNITY COLLABORATION AND STUDENT ENGAGEMENT THROUGH MICRO-COURSES
Authors: Huang Chen Kung
Published: January 2025

In an era of growing emphasis on sustainable development and the social responsibility of higher education, universities are increasingly seeking innovative ways to integrate learning with community engagement. This study aims to integrate University Social Responsibility (USR) with general education through micro-courses focused on Community-Based Tourism (CBT) within a Participatory Action Research (PAR) framework. A research team from National Chiayi University collaborated closely with the Haomei community in Taiwan over a two-year period to co-develop courses covering religious traditions, industrial culture, historical heritage, and ecological conservation. These courses provided students with immersive, hands-on learning experiences. A total of 78 students from 28 academic disciplines participated, enhancing their sense of social responsibility and community engagement. The findings reveal five key factors essential for successful university-community collaboration: trust building, shared objectives, continuous communication, resource sharing, and adaptability. The study demonstrates that integrating USR with innovative educational practices can drive universities to become agents of social change. This model not only strengthens student learning and engagement but also promotes sustainable community development, offering a valuable framework for higher education institutions worldwide.
Keywords: university social responsibility, community-based tourism, participatory action research, general education, university-community collaboration
INTEGRATING UNIVERSITY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INTO HIGHER EDUCATION: A DESIGN THINKING APPROACH TO RURAL COMMUNITY INNOVATION
Authors: Wang Sy-Chyi (Kiky) , Huang Chen-Kung
Published: January 2025

This study examines the integration of University Social Responsibility (USR) into higher education through a case study of the "Creativity Design" course at National Chiayi University. The course, supported by Taiwan's National Science and Technology Council, aimed to address challenges faced by Haomeili, a remote village facing the Taiwan Strait to the west in Chiayi County. Utilizing a Design Thinking framework, 54 students engaged in developing innovative tourism solutions for the community. The course structure included technical training, fieldwork, and project execution, with students collaborating with local stakeholders and industry experts. Despite successful project outcomes, including tourism videos, digital maps, and social media campaigns, the study revealed challenges in long-term sustainability and adoption of innovations, particularly due to the community's limited technological familiarity. Logistical issues, such as transportation and coordination, also emerged as significant hurdles. The research highlights the potential of USR courses in fostering meaningful university-community engagement while emphasizing the need for sustained partnerships beyond academic semesters. It underscores the importance of aligning innovative solutions with community needs and technological capacities. The study concludes by suggesting refinements in course planning, the establishment of inter-semester continuity, and the development of strategies to ensure the long-term impact of student projects, providing valuable insights for future USR initiatives in higher education.
Keywords: University Social Responsibility, community innovation, rural development, design thinking, creative design.
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION (RME) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN MATEMATIS SISWA KELAS IV SDN 105 PEKANBARU PADA MATERI KELIPATAN PERSEKUTUAN TERKECIL (KPK)
Authors: Nurhidayah Indah , Alim Jesi Alexander , Noviana Eddy
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Terhadap Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa Kelas IV SD Pada Materi Kelipatan Persekutuan Terkecil (KPK). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, dan metode quasi experiment. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah nonequivalent control grup design, dengan sampel dua kelas yaitu kelas IV C sebagai kelas eksperimen dan IV D sebagai kelas kontrol yang dipilih secara acak. Kelas eksperimen diberi perlakuan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME), sedangkan pada kelas kontrol diberi perlakuan dengan menggunakan metode Direct Instruction. Data penelitian berupa hasil pretest untuk mengetahui kemampuan awal siswa, dan data posttest untuk mengetahui kemampuan akhir siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data uji hipotesis yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh hasil signifikasi (2-tailed) uji t-test posttest dari kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol sebesar 0.041 0,05 sehingga Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil posttest kelas eksperimen lebih unggul dibandingkan hasil posttest kelas kontrol atau dapat dikatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Terhadap Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa Kelas IV SDN 105 Pekanbaru Pada Materi Kelipatan Persekutuan Terkecil (KPK).
Capacidade cardiorrespiratória de adolescentes de 12 a 16 anos de ambos os sexos praticantes de natação
Authors: Gomes Carlos Henrique Paixão Doneli , Borges Raphael Loureiro , Soares Ben Hur
Published: January 2025

A natação é um esporte que trabalha várias aptidões físicas, dentre elas está a capacidade cardiorrespiratória, que foi objeto deste estudo. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar os benefícios da natação em adolescentes, por meio de sua capacidade cardiorrespiratória. Foram avaliados 11 adolescentes entre 12 a 16 anos praticantes de natação do Projeto Atleta do Futuro UPF. Estes indivíduos foram convidados a realizar o teste de 12 minutos adaptado para natação. Foi contabilizada em metros a distância que cada um nadou e os resultados foram analisados junto à tabela “Nível de Aptidão Física de Cooper”, adaptada para levar em consideração as circunstâncias do teste em piscina. Foi concluído que a natação é um esporte extremamente individual e específico, onde mesmo atletas de uma mesma turma apresentaram desempenho notoriamente distintos, mostrando que a prática, consistência e a dedicação nos treinos tem uma grande influência na aprendizagem e no desempenho individual.
Review of the Monograph “Atlas of Human Development: Multidimensional Scaling, Clustering, Spatial Data Analysis”
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University), Moscow, Russia, Barabash Bogdan A.
Published: January 2025

The review of the monograph “Atlas of Human Development: Multidimensional
Scaling, Clustering, Spatial Data Analysis” (Atlas of Human Development: Multidimensional Scaling, Clustering, Spatial Data Analysis / Edited by I. Y. Okunev.
Moscow: Aspect Press, 2024. 594 p.).
Organization of Management in Railway Transport During the Beginning of its Reform at the Turn of the XX and XXI Centuries
Authors:   Russian University of Transport, Moscow, Russia, Tereshina, Natalia P. T , Danilina Maria G. , Zhakov Vladimir V.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses issues related to the transformation of the railway
transport management system during the transition from the economy of
the USSR to the economy of the beginning of the reform of the Russian Federation. During this difficult time, despite all the difficulties, railway transport remained a stable industry and represented a single production and
technological complex with a network of railways, manufacturing enterprises and institutions that determined the social status of steel highway workers. An assessment of the situation in the industry in the 1990s showed that
in the new market conditions, a certain transformation of management and
production processes is required. Thus, the period under study was marked
by the transition of the Russian railway industry to a new model of management and implementation of structural reform in railway transport.
"Long live MIIT!": on the 100th Anniversary of the Creation of the Moscow Institute of Transport Engineers (based on materials from university periodicals)
Authors:   Russian University of Transport, Moscow, Russia, Tantsevova Anastasiya V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article examines the history of the creation of the largest transport university in the country — the Moscow Institute of Transport Engineers (today the Russian University of Transport). The history
of the first years of the institute's activity is recreated, its contribution to
the training system for the transport industry of the USSR of the 1920s is
shown. Monitoring Tools. The research used historical-systemic, historical-typological methods and the method of content analysis. The basis
of the research source base was made up of office documents, statistical
materials and files of the institute newspaper "Student-Transport Worker" for 1924. Results. As a result of the research, the materials of the Institute newspaper were introduced into scientific circulation, which allowed
to expand the idea of the formation of the Moscow Institute of Transport
Engineers and the training of engineers in post-revolutionary Russia. It
was revealed that the formation of a new technical university met the socio-economic and political challenges facing the country's transport industry. Conclusion. MIIT, established as a new type of institute, began to
produce engineers of various specialties for railway and water transport
of the USSR, eventually becoming the largest transport technical institution in the country. The study showed that the relevance of the topic of
the history of transport education and science is increasing today
Compressive and tensile properties of polyurethane foam mimicking trabecular tissue in artificial femoral head bones
Authors: Zerdzicki Krzysztof , Znaczko Aleksander , Kondrusik Aleksandra , Korbut Wiktoria
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Most orthopedic implants for fracture fixation and joint replacement are commonly tested on artificial bones. Polyurethane foam is one of the most frequently used synthetic bone materials for mimicking human trabecular tissue. The study aimed to examine the compressive and tensile behavior of polyurethane foams mimicking trabecular tissue in artificial human femurs and assess their potential to replicate the osteoporotic type of human bone tissue.

Materials and methods

Two types of SYNBONE femur models, one of normal density (model 2350) and one of lower density (model LD2350), and three types of Sawbones femur models (models 1130-21-8, 1130-21-3, and 1130-192) were investigated. Polyurethane foams were extracted as slices cut in the coronal plane from the femoral head. Cuboid samples were cut in three directions and uniaxial tested to identify compressive and tensile properties, including elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, yield limit, and ultimate strength.

Results

The ANOVA test revealed that only SYNBONE LD2350 trabecular tissue exhibits anisotropy properties (p < 0.001). In most cases, the tensile properties were greater than compressive ones (t-test, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The obtained results are within the ranges suggested by other authors for mimicking osteoporotic human tissue. The presented data broadens the range of data on mechanical properties provided by the producers. These data can serve as a reference for research using composite femurs made of these particular polyurethane foams for conducting biomechanical studies and validating accompanying numerical simulations.
Predictors of glycemic control among type 1 pediatric diabetes patients—Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Adege Hiwot , Getnet Gedefaw , Ambaye Abyou Seyfu , Kassa Mekuanint Terefe , Endalifer Bedilu Linger
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine–metabolic disorder in children and adolescents worldwide. This study aims to determine the metabolic glycemic control levels and predictors among pediatric type 1 diabetes patients.

Methods

An institution-based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from July 01, 2022 to October 30, 2022 among patients attending pediatric chronic follow-up at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. Patients on follow-up for more than 3 months and aged under 18 years were enrolled in the study consecutively based on their visits. Data were entered into Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done to identify the factors affecting glycemic control.

Result

Among 203 patients with type 1 diabetes, the average age was 8.72 ± 4.25 years, with the largest group of participants being over 10 years old (77 patients, 37%). The majority of the patients were female, totaling 126 (62.1%), and about 69 (34.0%) were in grades 7–10. Retinopathy, nephropathy, and diabetic ketoacidosis were commonly observed diabetic-related complications in this study. More than half of the patients, 107 (52.7%), had good diabetic control, while 96 (47.3%) had poor diabetic control. Factors significantly associated with poor glycemic control include having diabetes for more than 5 years (aOR: 1.45; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.91), being a third-born child (aOR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.92), having a comorbid disease condition (aOR: 1.84; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.92), and experiencing diabetes-related complications (aOR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.97).

Conclusion

The study found that glycemic control is significantly poor among pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. As a result, these patients require special attention to prevent the long-term consequences of diabetes.
Comprehensive analysis of disulfidptosis-related genes and the immune microenvironment in heart failure
Authors: Zhao Linna , Zhang Juanjuan , Song Qiuhang , Dai Cheng , Qin Yiping , Li Aiying
Published: January 2025

Background

Heart failure (HF) is a prevalent cardiovascular disease that currently lacks effective treatment options due to its intricate pathogenesis. A recent study has linked disulfidoptosis, a novel form of cell demise, with the development of a range of diseases. Nonetheless, the effect of disulfidoptosis on the immune microenvironment of HF is not well comprehended. In this paper, bioinformatics analysis was performed to investigate how disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) affect the immune microenvironment of HF.

Methods

The expression of four DRGs was initially examined using bulk RNA-Seq and single-cell RNA sequencing data. A predictive model was subsequently developed. Consensus clustering was used to distinguish between the two clusters of DRGs. The effect of these DRGs on the characteristics of the immune microenvironment was further explored, such as infiltrating immune cells, immune response gene sets, and HLAs genes.

Results

All four DRGs were dysregulated in HF samples. The predictive model based on these four DRGs effectively differentiated between HF patients and healthy individuals, which was validated in the experiment. These four DRGs were strongly associated with the abundance of infiltrating monocytes. Moreover, our analysis identified two distinct clusters of DRGs and these clusters exhibited differences in terms of immune cell abundance, immune response, and HLA gene expression. The biological functions associated with these differences were also revealed.

Conclusion

Our discovery underscores the pivotal role of DRGs in shaping the diversity and intricacy of the immune microenvironment in HF.
Computational measures of irregularity molecular descriptors of octahedral and icosahedral networks
Authors: Zhang Xiujun , ur Rehman Hafiz Mutee , Munir M. Mobeen
Published: January 2025

Irregularity measures tend to describe the complexity of networks. Chemical graph theory is a branch of mathematical chemistry that has a significant impact on the development of the chemical sciences. The study of irregularity indices has recently become one of the most active research areas in chemical graph theory. Irregularity indices help us to examine many chemical and biological properties of chemical structures under study. In this article, we study the irregularity indices of the octahedral and icosahedral networks. These networks are used in crystallography, where the topology and structural aspects are carrying some important facts to determine the properties of large structures theoretically. Our results play an important role in pharmacy, drug design, and many other applied areas. We also compared our results graphically to conclude the irregularity with a change in the parameter of structures.
Nonlinear association between red cell distribution width/albumin ratio and peripheral arterial disease in the NHANES: a cross-section study with propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Cao Jinmin , Deng Zhixiong , Xiang Li , Wang Feng , Yang Ting
Published: January 2025

Background

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a prevalent cardiovascular condition that affects up to 200 million people globally, and has significant implications for morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have identified the red cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio (RDW/ALB) as a potential systemic inflammatory marker that is correlated with several cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases including PAD. However, the comprehensive role of RDW/ALB in PAD remains underexplored. The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between RDW/ALB and PAD and to provide novel insights into the prevention and treatment of PAD.

Methods

This retrospective cross-sectional study leveraged data from the NHANES data (1999–2004) identifying PAD using ankle-brachial index measurements (<0.90). The association with PAD was assessed using multivariable logistic regression, complemented by a restricted cubic spline for nonlinearity, and propensity score methods for robustness checks, including propensity score matching and subgroup analyses.

Results

This study included 6,421 participants, 452 of whom had PAD. The mean age was 70.1 years; the patients were predominantly male. After adjustment, the RDW/ALB ratio showed a significant association with PAD (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.29–2.26, p < 0.001). After quartiles of RDW/ALB, the risk of PAD was determined to be 2.03 (95% CI 1.31–3.14) in the Q4 group compared with the Q1 group in the adjusted complete model. The restricted sample cubic spline of RDW/ALB and risk of developing PAD demonstrated a nonlinear relationship. The risk of PAD increased considerably with higher RDW/ALB ratios less than 4.08. Subgroup and PSM analyses underscored the consistency of these findings.

Conclusions

The study demonstrated a significant association between RDW/ALB and PAD, with a nonlinear relationship and a threshold effect. Further prospective clinical research is required to validate the relationship between the RDW/ALB ratio and PAD.
Progress on long non-coding RNAs in calcific aortic valve disease
Authors: Shen Yan , Li Jiahui , Zhao Zehao , Chen Xiaomin
Published: January 2025

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a common cardiovascular condition in the elderly population. The aortic valve, influenced by factors such as endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorders, calcium deposition, and extracellular matrix remodeling, undergoes fibrosis and calcification, ultimately leading to stenosis. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as significant regulators of gene expression, playing crucial roles in the occurrence and progression of various diseases. Research has shown that lncRNAs participate in the pathological process underlying CAVD by regulating osteogenic differentiation and inflammatory response of valve interstitial cells. Specifically, lncRNAs, such as H19, MALAT1, and TUG1, are closely associated with CAVD. Some lncRNAs can act as miRNA sponges, form complex regulatory networks, and modulate the expression of calcification-related genes. In brief, this review discusses the mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of lncRNAs in CAVD.
Artificial intelligence for the detection of acute myeloid leukemia from microscopic blood images; a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Al-Obeidat Feras , Hafez Wael , Rashid Asrar , Jallo Mahir Khalil , Gador Munier , Cherrez-Ojeda Ivan , Simancas-Racines Daniel
Published: January 2025

Background

Leukemia is the 11th most prevalent type of cancer worldwide, with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) being the most frequent malignant blood malignancy in adults. Microscopic blood tests are the most common methods for identifying leukemia subtypes. An automated optical image-processing system using artificial intelligence (AI) has recently been applied to facilitate clinical decision-making.

Aim

To evaluate the performance of all AI-based approaches for the detection and diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods

Medical databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched until December 2023. We used the “metafor” and “metagen” libraries in R to analyze the different models used in the studies. Accuracy and sensitivity were the primary outcome measures.

Results

Ten studies were included in our review and meta-analysis, conducted between 2016 and 2023. Most deep-learning models have been utilized, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The common- and random-effects models had accuracies of 1.0000 [0.9999; 1.0001] and 0.9557 [0.9312, and 0.9802], respectively. The common and random effects models had high sensitivity values of 1.0000 and 0.8581, respectively, indicating that the machine learning models in this study can accurately detect true-positive leukemia cases. Studies have shown substantial variations in accuracy and sensitivity, as shown by the Q values and I2 statistics.

Conclusion

Our systematic review and meta-analysis found an overall high accuracy and sensitivity of AI models in correctly identifying true-positive AML cases. Future research should focus on unifying reporting methods and performance assessment metrics of AI-based diagnostics.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails, CRD42024501980.
Toward a physics-guided machine learning approach for predicting chaotic systems dynamics
Authors: Feng Liu , Liu Yang , Shi Benyun , Liu Jiming
Published: January 2025

Predicting the dynamics of chaotic systems is crucial across various practical domains, including the control of infectious diseases and responses to extreme weather events. Such predictions provide quantitative insights into the future behaviors of these complex systems, thereby guiding the decision-making and planning within the respective fields. Recently, data-driven approaches, renowned for their capacity to learn from empirical data, have been widely used to predict chaotic system dynamics. However, these methods rely solely on historical observations while ignoring the underlying mechanisms that govern the systems' behaviors. Consequently, they may perform well in short-term predictions by effectively fitting the data, but their ability to make accurate long-term predictions is limited. A critical challenge in modeling chaotic systems lies in their sensitivity to initial conditions; even a slight variation can lead to significant divergence in actual and predicted trajectories over a finite number of time steps. In this paper, we propose a novel Physics-Guided Learning (PGL) method, aiming at extending the scope of accurate forecasting as much as possible. The proposed method aims to synergize observational data with the governing physical laws of chaotic systems to predict the systems' future dynamics. Specifically, our method consists of three key elements: a data-driven component (DDC) that captures dynamic patterns and mapping functions from historical data; a physics-guided component (PGC) that leverages the governing principles of the system to inform and constrain the learning process; and a nonlinear learning component (NLC) that effectively synthesizes the outputs of both the data-driven and physics-guided components. Empirical validation on six dynamical systems, each exhibiting unique chaotic behaviors, demonstrates that PGL achieves lower prediction errors than existing benchmark predictive models. The results highlight the efficacy of our design of data-physics integration in improving the precision of chaotic system dynamics forecasts.
Multi-level governance of low-carbon tourism in rural China: policy evolution, implementation pathways, and socio-ecological impacts
Authors: Guo Yi , Li Shengchao
Published: January 2025

Low-carbon rural tourism development presents a critical challenge for environmental governance in emerging economies, yet the multi-level dynamics of policy implementation remain underexplored. This study examines China’s approach to this challenge, employing a mixed-methods approach including analysis of 16 central and 559 provincial policy documents, case studies in 15 rural villages across five provinces (Hunan, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shanxi, and Hainan), and a survey of 637 stakeholders. Our findings reveal a complex policy landscape characterized by evolving national frameworks, varied provincial adoption patterns influenced by economic, environmental, and institutional factors, and three distinct local implementation pathways: technology-driven, community-based, and policy-led. We uncover significant variations in stakeholder perceptions and socio-economic impacts across different contexts, highlighting the critical role of adaptive governance mechanisms and local contextual factors in determining policy effectiveness. This study contributes to policy diffusion and multi-level governance theories by demonstrating the intricate interplay between top-down directives and bottom-up innovations in shaping sustainable tourism outcomes. Based on these insights, we propose evidence-based policy recommendations emphasizing flexible, context-sensitive approaches and improved stakeholder engagement to enhance low-carbon rural tourism governance. This research provides valuable guidance for policymakers and practitioners working towards sustainable rural development and environmental conservation in China and other developing countries.
Updates on the molecular spectrum of MEFV variants in lebanese patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: Feghali Rudy , Ibrahim José-Noel , Salem Nabiha , Moussallem Romy , Hijazi Ghina , Attieh Charbel , Yammine Tony , Chebly Alain
Published: January 2025

Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is a hereditary autoinflammatory disorder, particularly present in the Mediterranean populations, and associated with pathogenic variants in the MEFV gene. This study aims to investigate the distribution of MEFV variants in a large cohort of Lebanese patients, and to explore the genotype-phenotype correlation among affected individuals. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 3,167 patients referred for MEFV sequencing at the Medical Genetics and Genomics Center(CGGM) at Saint-Joseph University of Beirut-Lebanon, from 2006 to 2023. Sanger sequencing was used to detect MEFV variants, focusing initially on hot-spot exons. Among the 3,167 patients, 46.73% (N = 1,480) carried at least one MEFV variant. The most common variants detected were M694V and V726A, both found in 28.98% of cases, followed by E148Q(27.83%) and M694I(13.98%). Moreover, Shiites and Sunni Muslims, and individuals from South and North Lebanon exhibited the highest frequency of variants. Interestingly, family history was found to be significantly higher in patients having two MEFV variants than those with one variant (p = 0.0026). The most commonly reported symptoms were fever(78%), abdominal pain(88%), joint pain(65%), and thoracic pain(46%). The genotype-phenotype correlation analysis revealed a more severe phenotype in patients carrying the M694V or V726A mutations compared to those with the homozygous E148Q genotype. This study, the largest in Lebanon, highlights the high prevalence of MEFV variants, particularly M694V and V726A, in FMF patients. Our data provide valuable insights into the genetic landscape of FMF in Lebanon and emphasize the importance of early genetic screening for a better disease management and genetic counselling.
Aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio correlates with poor prognosis and metabolic alterations in Dabie bandavirus infection
Authors: Guo Chunxia , Li Ruixue , Wang Xia , Peng Xiulan
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease with a high mortality rate caused by Dabie bandavirus. The aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) is a biomarker of liver injury and inflammation. This study aimed to examine the correlation between APRI and SFTS prognosis using clinical data analysis and attempt to explain its prognostic significance through metabolic analysis.

Methods

Data from hospitalized patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SFTS virus infection at Wuhan Union Hospital were retrospectively collected. The low and high APRI groups were 1:1 matched using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Fresh plasma was collected from patients with SFTS on admission and used for metabolic tests.

Results

A total of 617 patients with SFTS who met the inclusion criteria were selected for analysis. Survival analysis revealed that patients with SFTS with high APRI (> 35.3) had a substantially higher death rate than those with low APRI (≤ 35.3). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed the predictive performance of APRI for SFTS prognosis is 0.77, with a 95% CI of 0.73–0.80, which was superior to NLR (area under the curve (AUC): 0.65), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (AUC: 0.54), and systemic immune-inflammation index (AUC: 0.58). The prognostic value and predictive performance of APRI were more substantial after PSM than before PSM. Metabolomic testing identified several differential serum metabolites, with alanine, aspartate, glutamate, glycerophospholipid, and tryptophan metabolism being the most important metabolic pathways.

Conclusion

A high APRI score was associated with relatively higher mortality in patients with SFTS, and its predictive performance for the survival outcome of SFTS was superior to that of well-recognized inflammatory scores. Alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism are involved in the progression of SFTS.
Stripe segmentation of oceanic internal waves in SAR images based on SegFormer
Authors: Zhang Hong-Sheng , Sun Ji-Yu , Qi Kai-Tuo , Zheng Ying-Gang , Lu Jiao-Jiao , Zhang Yu
Published: January 2025

The study of oceanic internal waves remains a critical area of research within oceanography. With the rapid advancements in oceanic remote sensing and deep learning, it is now possible to extract valuable insights from vast datasets. In this context, by building datasets using deep learning models, we propose a novel stripe segmentation algorithm for oceanic internal waves, leveraging synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images based on the SegFormer architecture. Initially, a hierarchical transformer encoder transforms the image into multilevel feature maps. Subsequently, information from various layers is aggregated through a multilayer perceptron (MLP) decoder, effectively merging local and global contexts. Finally, a layer of MLP is utilized to facilitate the segmentation of oceanic internal waves. Comparative experimental results demonstrated that SegFormer outperformed other models, including U-Net, Fast-SCNN (Fast Segmentation Convolutional Neural Network), ORCNet (Ocular Region Context Network), and PSPNet (Pyramid Scene Parsing Network), efficiently and accurately segmenting marine internal wave stripes in SAR images. In addition, we discuss the results of oceanic internal wave detection under varying settings, further underscoring the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Global research progress and trends in traditional Chinese medicine for chronic kidney disease since the 21st century: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Wang Heyong , Wang Jun , Chen Yang , Yang Dianxing , Xiong Lanyue
Published: January 2025

Objective

This study analyzed literature on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating chronic kidney disease (CKD) to identify research trends and provide guidance for future studies and clinical practice.

Methods

The study used data from Web of Science from 2000 to 2024 to analyze English-language literature on CKD and TCM. Bibliometric analysis was done using R software and the bibliometric package, with scientific mapping and visualization analysis conducted using tools like Citespace, VOSviewer, and ScimagoGraphica to explore research trends and connections.

Results

This study revealed that a total of 1,153 relevant documents were retrieved, and the number of published articles showed an increasing trend, reaching a peak in 2022. In terms of article publication, China ranked first with 760 articles, closely followed by the United States with 132 articles. Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine published 60 papers, the most among academic institutions, followed by Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine with 54 papers. In terms of individual authors, Liu Xinhui holds the record for the highest number of published articles, totaling 17, followed by Li Ping and Li Shunmin. The prevalent keywords include “chronic kidney disease,” “TCM,” and “oxidative stress.” Currently, the prominent areas of research interest include network pharmacology, gut microbiota, oxidative stress, and related topics. The current research trend in this field is towards the adoption of novel methodologies such as network pharmacology and the emphasis on exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and CKD.

Conclusion

Global research on TCM in the treatment of CKD is showing a positive development trend, but further research on safety, efficacy evaluation, and international cooperation is still needed. The development trend is to adopt new scientific research methods and focus on exploring the mechanism of TCM in treating CKD.
Organisational-level risk and health-promoting factors within the healthcare sector—a systematic search and review
Authors: Akerstrom Magnus , Wahlström Jens , Lindegård Agneta , Arvidsson Inger , Fagerlind Ståhl Anna-Carin
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The healthcare sector is globally experiencing increasing demands and workplace interventions on an organisational level is sought to create healthy workplaces. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of Nordic research on the work environment and health of healthcare professionals, with a focus on identifying organisational-level risk and health-promoting factors.

Methods

This systematic search and review was based on an analysis of studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 1 January 2016 and 3 January 2023. The selected studies investigate the relationships between organisational-level risk and health-promoting factors and measures of health and well-being among healthcare professionals during ordinary operations. To increase applicability, this systematic search and review was limited to the Nordic countries as they share the same context with a publicly-funded widely accessible healthcare system. A total of 2,677 articles were initially identified, with 95 original studies meeting the criteria for relevance and quality.

Results

Identified organisational risk and health-promoting factors were categorised into five categories: work schedule distribution, operations design and work methods, ergonomic conditions, working conditions and personnel policies, and the organisation’s ethical environment. In addition, two themes across the categories emerged, providing further insight into the implications for practice. The first theme emphasises risk and health-promoting factors in the actions that employers take to fulfil the organisation’s goals. The second theme emphasises risk and health-promoting factors in connection with the ability of employees to do their jobs at a level of quality they deem acceptable.

Conclusion

Several organisational-level risk and health-promoting factors were identified, and the results indicate that the actions that employers take to fulfil the health-care organisation’s goals and promote the ability of employees to provide high-quality care are important for the health and wellbeing of healthcare employees.
High serum uric acid levels are associated with increased prevalence of gallstones in adult women: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES
Authors: Lv Guozheng , Wang Decai , Huang Yu , Shi Ruizi , Qin Chuan , Chen Xi , Zeng Xintao , Luo Hua , Yang Pei , Chen Sirui , Wang Jianjun
Published: January 2025

Objective

We investigated the association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and gallstone (GS) prevalence in adult women.

Methods

Participants' information were taken from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017–2020). Logistic regression analysis and dose-response curve were used to assess the association between SUA levels and the prevalence of GS in adult women. Subgroup analyses were performed to investigate associations between SUA levels and age, ethnicity, body mass index, hypertension, and diabetes.

Results

A total of 600 participants self-reported a history of GS. After adjusting for confounding, the prevalence of GS in adult women increased by 14% for every 1 mg/dL increase in SUA (odds ratio [OR]: 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06, 1.22). Testing SUA as a categorical variable for sensitivity analyses indicated a 1.6-fold increase in the prevalence of GS in tertile 3 (OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.25, 2.04) compared to tertile 1. Dose-response curves showed a nonlinear correlation between SUA levels and the prevalence of GS. Subgroup analyses indicated that SUA level was associated with an increased prevalence of GS in most subgroups, although subtle differences existed.

Conclusion

SUA was positively and non-linearly associated with the prevalence of GS in adult females. Despite the inability to clarify the causal relationship between them, our results remain interesting.
smu_1558c-mediated regulation of growth and biofilm formation in Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Zhou Jing , Ma Qizhao , Liang Jingou , Pan Yangyang , Chen Yang , Yu Shuxing , Liu Yaqi , Zhang Qiong , Li Yuqing , Zou Jing
Published: January 2025

Streptococcus mutans is a key etiological agent in dental caries, owing to its strong ability to form biofilms through carbohydrate fermentation. Protein acetylation, facilitated by GNAT family acetyltransferases, plays a critical regulatory role in bacterial physiology, but its impact on S. mutans remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the role of the GNAT family acetyltransferase encoded by smu_1558c in regulating the growth and biofilm formation of S. mutans. The deletion of smu_1558c resulted in impaired growth, reduced biofilm formation, and diminished synthesis of water-insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (EPS). Proteomic analysis revealed 166 differentially expressed proteins in the deletion mutant, with significant enrichment in pathways related to carbohydrate transport and metabolism, and translation. Notably, glucosyltransferases GtfB and GtfC, key enzymes in biofilm formation, were significantly downregulated in the deletion mutant, while ClpL, a Clp-like ATP-dependent protease involved in protein homeostasis under stress conditions, was highly upregulated. These findings highlight that acetyltransferase smu_1558c plays a crucial role in the growth, biofilm formation, and EPS synthesis of S. mutans through its regulation of carbohydrate transport and metabolism pathways, as well as stress response mechanisms. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms governing S. mutans pathogenicity and suggests potential therapeutic targets for caries prevention.