bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"DATC" IN THE TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Lee Chan Sae , Ha Doo Chul
Published: May 2022

1)DATC(Isoxyl) (4-4' Diisoamyloxythiocarvanilide) has been tried on 50 cases of chronic resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients to check the clinical significance. This was given in dose of 1.0~1.5 gm bid together with INH 200 mg bid for 5 months or more. 2) Bacteriological negative conversion of sputum occurred in about 27% and the marked X-ray improvement attained in about 10% and three was no remarkable side effect noted. 3) This was far superior in it's effectiveness and much safer to compare with author's own previous experience of DETC(Esoxyl, Tiberon)(4-4' Diehoxylthiocatbanilide). 4) The author inclined to assume that DATC could be used as one of secondary drugs in the treatment of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis same as 1314th or pyrazinamide. However the author could not be clarified on the possibility of replacing PAS with DATC in primary chemotherapy cases for former's frequent side effects.
CLASSIFICATION OF THE TUBERCLE BACILLI ISOLATED lN CHONNAM DISTRICT- part 2. DRUG RESISTANCE-
Authors: Park Bohan , Ha Taeyu
Published: May 2022

34.9 percent of to test strains, 126strains of tuberclebacilli isolated in Chonnam district was resistant to single drug of SM, PAS and INAH. And, additional 58.0 percent and 7.1 percent as resistant to two kinds and three kinds of drug respectively. No any strain sensitive together to SM, PAS and INAH was found among the test strains. The strain of which spot test was stronger positivity, compared with the weaker one, seems to get, in vitro a liltle higher resistance to some drugs.
THE PREVALENCE OF DRUG-RESISTANCE FOR TUBERCLE BACILLI IN CHONNAM, KOREA
Authors: Lee Moo Won
Published: May 2022

From Jan. 1964 to Jan. 1966, 495 patients with newly discovered or untreated active pulmonary tuberculosis were collected in the district of Chonnam, Korea. The prevalence of primary antituberculous drug-resis-tance strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the course after primary antituberculous drug therapy to primary drug resistance strains were observed. The results were 1) The prevalence of primary antituberculos drug resis-tance to INH,PAS,SM, and to the these 3 drugs were 19.4%, 11.1%, 11.5% and 27.7% respectively. 2) The treatment with combination of PAS and INH on the patient who had partial resistance to the INH or PAS showed improvement in 57.9%, no change in 31.6% and worse in 10.5%. 3)The INH or PAS combination therapy on the patient who were resistant to the both drugs in vitro, showed improvement in 46.7%, no change in 33.3%, and worse in 20.0% 4) The INH, PAS combination therapy on the patient who did not have primary resistance to the neither of these drugs showed improvement in 76.7%, no change in 18.6%, and worse in 4.7&.(The results of the treatment were based on X-ray studies)
STUDIES ON MEDIA FOR CULTIVATION OF TUBERCLE BACILLI 2. Effects of temperature of inspissation and storage Ogawa's egg media and different conditions of cultivation for growth of the tubercle bacilli.
Authors: KIM YONG HYUN , KIM SUNG CHUNG , HUH HOON , KIM SUNG LIM
Published: May 2022

Heating for coagulation of Ogawa's egg media was started from 55℃ for evaporation of air in inside of the media and the temperature was elevated gradually about 10℃ during fifteen minutes in speed by controlling ther-mostat of electric automatic inspissator. So that, for preparation of egg solid media coagulated at 85℃ it needs about forty-fuve minutes, starting from 55℃. The authors prepared Ogawa's egg media coagulated at different temperatures by using the above processes and compared effects of different temperature of coagulation and storage of Ogawa;s media and different conditions of cultivation for growth of tubercle bacilli. Inoculated media were sealed tightly with rubber caps. 1. Optimal coagulation temperature of Ogawa's egg media for growth of tubercle bacilli was 85℃ and this temperature was more optimal than 90℃ for preparation of Ogawa's media in number of colonies and also in size of colonies. The media coagulated one hour at 90℃ was worse than the above two kinds of media for growth of tubercle bacilli. 2. There were no significant differences for growth of tubercle bacilli between Ogawa's media stored at 10℃ during four months and freshly prepared Ogawa's media. And also Ogaawa's media stored at room temperature during four months from March the July were still useful for cultivation of tubercle bacilli. It seems important for long-time storage of Ogawa's egg media to protect dryness of media as much as low temperature. 3. Tight sealing of inoculated media was better for growth of small number of tubercle bacilli, i.e. from few to several hundred viable units, than incomplete sealing of inoculated media.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TIMED VITAL CAPACITY (TVC), MAXIMAL MID- EXPlRATORY FLOW (MMF), AND MAXIMAL EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE (MEFR) ON FORCED EXPIRATORY SPIROGRAM.
Authors: Kim Keun Youl , Chong Kyong Han
Published: May 2022

1. A comparative analysis of TVC 1.0. MMF and MEFR were made among total 86 R.O.K. Navy serviceman and Factory workers.2. The normal range of each parameter are outlined as TVC 1.0: 70.3- 88.2 %. MMF: 2.01-5.59 L/sec. and MEFR: 138.67- 631.30 L/min. respectively, and these are quite similar 10 those reported by ‘other workers except in MEFR value which is measured by P.E. Lansing's simplified method. 3. For comparison of the variability o{ these three parameter, the Coetticient of variation are obtained by dividing the standard deviation by the mean of each parameter. And it is suggested that the TVC 1.0 is most narrow range of normal value.4. Some regression of each values was observed with advancing age.
Treatment of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis -A Statement by the Committee on Therapy-
Authors:   A Statement by the Committee on Therapy
Published: May 2022

No abstract available
CLINICO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF lNFLUENZA IN SEOUL SPRING 1965
Authors: Choi E. K. , Han D. K. , Park I. H. , Chung H. Y. , Chun C. H.
Published: May 2022

We have a chance to study A2 influenza epicyclic in Seoul area in February through April, 1965, both its epidemiological data and Clinical manifestations in comparison with the previous of A2 influenza (1957, 1962).1. The attack rate was 56.0% under the age 15, while, in adult over 15. the rate was 26.1%(average 36.0%) , which reveals the impression that the attack rate in adults in 1957 than 1962.2. The clinical manifestations in our cases were similar to that of two previous epidemics, Such as fever, headache, fatigability, running nose, cough, anorexia, and sore throat in chronological order, but the general symptoms gives a impression to be somewhat milder than previously noted. And we think that. in our study, the respiratory complications. especially pneumonia were more frequently occured than the previous epidemics.3. The A2 influenza epidemic was evidenced by the fact that we experienced 476 patients of upper respiratory infections out of 12,933(24%) who visited in our outpatient dispensary during January through June, this year, generally considered as period of A2 influenza epidemic. Above mentioned was moreprominently noted in patients who used to visit to our clinic and in period from March to May.4. Many patients, (62 cases) were hospitalized with pneumonia during or after the A2 influenza epidemic. The number of pneumonic patients is more than that of previously reported and it seems to be related with the A2 influenza epidemic. Among the hospitalized patient, staphylococci(11), streptococci(8), pneumococci(3), and gram-negative bacilli(3) were isolated.5. Five cases were expired and severe complications such as pyothorax, lung abscess, And atelectasis were noted in 6 cases among the pneumonic patients.We consequently think that the staphylococcal complications in A2 influenza must be considered as important problem.
THE MIDDLE LOBE SYNDROME: A CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: Kim J. S. , Ann J. w.
Published: May 2022

1. 7 cases of middle lobe syndrome were studied on its pathology, symptoms, diagnosis, laboraolory tests and therapy by the clinical findings and pathological specimens. 2. The diagnosis was established by bronchography and x-ray findings in lordotic position and lateral projection.Plain rentgenograms of the chest may often show only extremely Sububtle changes which are often notrecognized except on films taken in the lateral projection.3. Of 7 cases of middle lobe syndrome, 3 cases were identified as pulmonary tuberculosis post-operatively, being different from previous diagnosis. Differential diagnosis according to the underlying pathology of these syndromes was necessary for the future treatment.4. As these caese cannot be cured only by chemotherapy, early diagnosis and treatment are required.Those who do not respond to chemotherapy for a month after the onset of disease, lung resection should be seriously considered.
A Study of Clinical Manifestation, Etiology and Treatment on Empyema
Authors: Choi Myung Gil , Park Yang Hwa
Published: May 2022

A variety of surgical procedure including open thoracotomy, closed thoracotomy, thoracoplasty, decortication and pneumonectomy were performed in 22 cases of empyema caused by various etiology which we have experienced during year. (Jan. 1966-Feb. 1967) We discuss briefly of some reference in addition the result.
A CASE REPORT OF FORElGN BODY IN THE THORACLC CAVITY
Authors: Kim Yung Soo , Park Yang Hwa , Lee Si Hyo , Chung Man Ee , Song Jang Ryong
Published: May 2022

A patient who had a wooden fragment in lower lobe of right lung was found on exploratory thoracotomy and studied in this 36th Army Hospital. A 23 years old male, enlisted man in Army, who had a past history of evidence of falling from tree, about 5meter high, during 1960, was evacuated from the 105th Evae. Hospital with provisional impressions of pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchiectasis of lung abscess with chief complains of vague right chest dis comfortness radiating to right scapular region, minimally doing hemoptysis, coughing and moderate sputum and treated with several ways such as antituberculoutics, antibiotics and other supportive with no improvement. Physical examination revealed no particular findings in considerably good health except obscure chest findings like slightly diminished breathing sound and a scar seems to be healed penetrating would on right hypochondria region. X-ray on chest P-A view showed a density on right lower lung field with elevated right diaphragm and slender tubular fibrotic density to thoracic spine was seen on lateral view. Serial laboratory findings were mentioned no particular results and no AFB was found. Explorator thoracotomy was performed and found a wooden fragment. of 0.7cm in diameter and 11cm in length on right lower lobe which is surrounded by dense fibrotic tissue and accompanied pleural reaction. And right lower lobectomy was done with successful post operative course.
Some Opinions on the Recent Trencls of Treatment & Control of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Korea
Authors: Lee Chan-Sae
Published: May 2022

① The author reviewed the recent trends of treatment & Control of Pulmonary tuberculosis in Korea and stated some of his over opinions.② The author believes that the principle method of treating tuberculosis by outpatient bases will be only on emergency measures and that the guideline of present WHO for developing country with a phylosophy of economic and egual maximal coverage theory seems to be quasi-socialism which way interfere normal development of tuberculosis control policy.③The sputum examination is a definite and final diagnostic measure. However, this should not be a substitutor of X-ray examination and this must be a supplementary to X-ray examination for the completion of tuberculosis diagnosis.④To further improvement of the effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment and control it is necessary to provide regional tuberculosis hospital and research institute connected with it to assist local health center as to increase it's numbers only.
The tuberculosis Prevalence Survey in Kyungsan Gun (Rural Area) -1966-
Authors: Lee Sung Kwan , Chung Nak Chin , Han Tae Woo , Kim Kyung Soo , Cho Han Jae , pyon Jae Wook
Published: May 2022

The Prevalence survey of tuberculosis in the rural area has been done in collaboration with the Provincial government, KNTA Kyungpuk branch, and the School of Medicine, Kyungpuk National University for one month from 25th July to 30th August in 1966 to establish the basis of eradication of tuberculosis in the rural area(Kyungsan Gun). The total number of samples drawn from the total population of 12, 967 was 4, 075. The tuberculin test was done for all persons in the sample unit area regardless of age and sex.All persons over 5 years of age were checked by photofluorography regardless of the result of the tuberculin test. The sputum smear and culture were done for those who were noted to be pathologic or suspicious in the serial fìlm reading. 3, 805 persons out of 4, 075 in the survey areas were tuberculin tested and 3,648 personswere responded for reading, therefore an average response rate was 93.4% and 87.2%, respectively.The summerized results obtained from the survey were as follows: Infection rate: The rate of tuberculin test was found to be 64.1 % in the sampling populations. The rate of reaction was low ( 15. 0 % ) in the age group of up to 4 years, then it was increased very rapidly, almost 80% at the age group of 25-29 and the highest rate was 93.2% at between 40~44 age groups. The rate of tuberculin test by sex were 65 κ in males, 63 % females in the all age groups. In the rate reactions by district, the areas .where the Myun Ofiìce located were higher than remote areas. Tuberculin reactions by household as a person was noted to be negative in 3% and 80% or more of tuberculin positive rate was also seen in 40%. Prevalence rate: The photofluoragrams revealed the following intrahtoracic abnormalities (exduding cardiac and skeletal abnormality ): AII ages, 4.1% , 0-24 years, 0.3-2. 0%, 25-49 years; 3.1- 6.0, 50-59 years, 10.0-12. 8%, more than 60 years, 18.0%. The percentage of abnormal cases by sex, were; males; 5.3% , females; 3.2%. The percentages of cases in males were higher than that of females for all age groups except 10-14 years group. The radiological extent of lesions were: minimal 58.7%, moderately advanced 27.6% far advanced, 14.6%. Bacterological test (positive rate) 129 Pulmonary cases examined bacteriological were found to be positive rate of 23.3%, and 0.98% among total radiological examinees.The percentage of positive rate by sex was twice as many in males than in females. The percentage of positive cases than in females. The percentage of positive cases by radiological extent of lesions were; minimal, 5.0 %, moderately advanced, 47.0% , far advanced, 59.0%.
THE EFFECTS OF PULMONARY RESECTIONS ON THE CARDIOPULMONARY FUNCTION IN THE HYPOTHERMIC DOG
Authors: Bai Goon Jik
Published: May 2022

A study was carried out to evaluate the effects of pulmonary resections on the cardiopulmonary function in 20 normothermic and 20 hypothermic dogs. Hypothermia was induced by body surface cooling with ice water, and dogs were rewarmed with hot water. The range of esophageal temperature was 29 ℃ to 31 ℃. The experimental dogs were divided into two groups: group Ⅰ(20 dogs) had right pneumonectomy, and group Ⅱ (20 dogs)were resected 68% of total lung parenchyma.Hyperventilation by means of a respirator with room air was done during cooling and thoracotomy. Lung ventilation, pressures of right ventricle, pulmonary artery, femoral artery and inferior vena cava, and cardiac output were measured. Oxygen saturation, pH and CO2 tention of arterial blood were determined. These observations were made at the stages of pre-cooling, thoracotomy, post-resection and rewarding. Results were as follows: 1) Oxygen consumption and CO2 elimination tended to decrease in both experimental groups of right pneumonectomy and 68% resection of total lung parenchyma during hypothermia.2) Cardiac output was markedly reduced during hypothermia followed by decrease of arterial blood pressure which would minimize bleeding during surgery, however, would be inadequate for tissue perfusion.3) Elevation of pulmonary artery pressure was less among the 68% resected hypothermic dogs than control group. 4) One out of ten of the 68% resected hypothermic dogs died. whille three out of ten of the control dogs died. 5) Hypothermia wouldl make the surgical risk prohibitive for those who had poor pulmonary reserve or far advanced lung diseases.
Epidemiological and clinical profile of childhood vitiligo in Abidjan
Authors: Ahogo Célestin K. , Yao Isidore Kouassi , Feungue Ulrich Nguena , Gbandama Koffi Kouame Pâcome , Coulibaly Somin Stéphanie , Allou Ange-Sylvain , Engome Alexandra Dominique Ngangue
Published: May 2022

Background

Vitiligo is an acquired and visible leucoderma that can lead to social stigmatization. The aim of this study was to establish the epidemiological and clinical profile of childhood vitiligo in Abidjan. In fact, very little data is available on this chronic child disease in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Côte d’Ivoire.

Methods

We carried out a cross-sectional study at University Teaching Hospital of Treichville from June 2017 to June 2018. All children under 16 years old with vitiligo who meet our selection criteria were included. CSPRO 7.2 and SPSS 23 software were used for data analysis and the significance threshold was set at 0.05.

Results

The prevalence of childhood vitiligo was 1.78%. Our series consisted of 19 boys and 21 girls (sex ratio M/F: 0.9). Children aged between 9 and 15 years old were the most affected (45%). The main family history were diabetes (37.5%), early canitis (30%) and vitiligo (17.5%). Atopic dermatitis was the main dermatosis associated with the childhood vitiligo (17.5%). The main clinical form of vitiligo was the non-segmental form (47.5%). The segmental and mixed forms had rates of 42.5% and 10% respectively. The vitiligo lesions were mainly located in sun-exposed areas (52.5%) and the segmental vitiligo significantly reached the face (P=0.04). Segmental vitiligo was also more common in children aged 0 to 3 years (P=0.03). The Koebner phenomenon was present in 5 children and was statistically associated with non-segmental vitiligo (P=0.04).

Conclusion

The prevalence of vitiligo in our series was 1.78%. This pathology occurs mainly in older children. The main clinical form was the non-segmental form. The affection was most often located on the sun-exposed areas.
Clinicopathological assessment of patients with erythroderma
Authors: El-Hamd Mohammed Abu , Ahmed Sheren F.M. , Ali Dina G.A. , Assaf Hanan Abd-Elrady
Published: May 2022

Background

Erythroderma is a rare disease, characterized by generalized erythema and scaling of the skin.

Aims

The aim of this study was to clinicopathologically assess patients with erythroderma who attended the Department of Dermatology at the Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Upper Egypt.

Patients and methods

This was a cross-sectional clinical research study that was carried out on 33 patients with erythroderma. All of the patients were subjected to complete medical history taking and general and dermatological examinations. All of the patients were subjected to laboratory, radiological, and cutaneous histopathological evaluations.

Results

The mean age of the patients was 46.86 years. According to the clinical and histopathological findings, the erythrodermic patients were categorized into 26 (78.78%) patients who had preexisting dermatoses, four (12.12%) patients had malignancies, and three (9.1%) patients had drug reactions. Moreover, there was moderate and perfect interrater reliability agreement between clinical and histopathology evaluations in the diagnosis of different etiological causes of erythroderma.

Limitations

A small sample size and small number of included patients were the limitations of the study.

Conclusion

This study concluded that the main causes of erythroderma were preexisting dermatoses followed by malignancies and drug reactions. Psoriasis was the main preexisting dermatoses in erythrodermic patients. Clinical and histopathology evaluations are essential for accurate diagnosis of different etiological causes of the erythroderma.
Unusual case of lipoma sigmoid colon
Authors: Sharma Shivam , Chawla Subhash , Yadav Naveen , Manchanda Sangeet
Published: May 2022

Colonic lipomas are nonepithelial tumors usually detected incidentally during abdominal surgery or colonoscopy. Lipomas generally remain asymptomatic, when they exceed 2 cm of diameter they may cause abdominal pain, obstruction, or intussusception. Here, we present a case of an elderly woman referred by her general practitioner to minimally access surgery outpatient department presented with complaints of passing loose stools 7–8 times a day. Triphasic computed tomography scan confirmed the diagnosis. To reduce the risk of malignancy, laparoscopic-assisted excision of lipoma was done. Histopathological examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of lipoma sigmoid colon.
The Protective Effect of Vernonia Amygdalina in Lead Acetate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats
Authors: Innih Silvanus Olu , Ubhenin Abraham Ehinomhen
Published: May 2022

Introduction

/

Background:

Inadvertent poisoning from indiscriminate use of lead acetate-containing agents has transformed into an issue of public health concern, most especially in developing countries, coupled with the paucity of potent antidotes.

Aims:

We investigated the protective effect of Vernonia amygdalina in lead acetate-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, thirty adult rats of either sex were divided into five groups of six animals each. Groups A and B were administered (daily) distilled water and lead acetate, respectively for 28 days. Groups C, D, and E received (daily) lead acetate at doses of 100 mg/kg body weight and aqueous extract of V. amygdalina at doses of 100, 200, and 250 mg/kg body weight, respectively, for 28 days.

Results:

The results from the study showed that were significant (P < 0.05) increases in the levels of serum creatinine, urea, sodium Na + and chloride Cl − in lead-intoxicated rats when compared to the control group. There was significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the serum levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase (GPx) Uric acid, URA and reduced glutathione (GSH) as the consequences of lead acetate administration. The histograms of the rats intoxicated with lead acetate were characterized by tubular necrosis and a reduction in myeloid-erythroid cells. Treatment with aqueous extract of V. amygdalina at the doses of 100, 200, and 250 mg/kg body weight significant (P < 0.05) protected against these alterations. The dose of 250 mg/kg exhibited the highest protective activity.

Conclusion:

Results of the present study may suggest that V. amygdalina possess a potent phytochemical that could be standardized for use in kidney and other related oxidative damage diseases.
Kenneth Boulding: A Friends' Economist
Authors: Scott Robert H.
Published: May 2022

This paper examines Kenneth Boulding's (1910-1993) religious beliefs and argues he was one of the most prolific religious economists in the 20 th century. He was an enigmatic economist whose career spanned over six decades. He helped to establish the field of general systems and furthered peace studies and conflict and defense. His early work earned him the John Bates Clark medal in 1949. But behind Boulding's theoretical economics was a deep religious ideology. Strongly affected by World War I while growing up in Liverpool, England, Boulding became a lifelong pacifist. Raised Methodist, Boulding discovered Quakerism in high school. While Boulding published widely in the field of economics, he also published almost 100 articles in Quaker journals. Boulding's body of work in economics and Quakerism led to interesting crosspollination. His work on peace and conflict and defense were a direct result of his pacifism. Boulding's work shows deep concern for human betterment and prosperity that is seeped in his religious principles.
Determinisability of register and timed automata
Authors: Clemente Lorenzo , Lasota Sławomir , Piórkowski Radosław
Published: May 2022

The deterministic membership problem for timed automata asks whether the
timed language given by a nondeterministic timed automaton can be recognised by
a deterministic timed automaton. An analogous problem can be stated in the
setting of register automata. We draw the complete decidability/complexity
landscape of the deterministic membership problem, in the setting of both
register and timed automata. For register automata, we prove that the
deterministic membership problem is decidable when the input automaton is a
nondeterministic one-register automaton (possibly with epsilon transitions) and
the number of registers of the output deterministic register automaton is
fixed. This is optimal: We show that in all the other cases the problem is
undecidable, i.e., when either (1) the input nondeterministic automaton has two
registers or more (even without epsilon transitions), or (2) it uses guessing,
or (3) the number of registers of the output deterministic automaton is not
fixed. The landscape for timed automata follows a similar pattern. We show that
the problem is decidable when the input automaton is a one-clock
nondeterministic timed automaton without epsilon transitions and the number of
clocks of the output deterministic timed automaton is fixed. Again, this is
optimal: We show that the problem in all the other cases is undecidable, i.e.,
when either (1) the input nondeterministic timed automaton has two clocks or
more, or (2) it uses epsilon transitions, or (3) the number of clocks of the
output deterministic automaton is not fixed.
Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction Using Naïve Bayesian Classifier and K-NN Machine-Learning Algorithms
Authors: Bhat D Swathi , M Saritha , Yatakunta Poojita Reddy , S Naik Prathiksha , Bhat Prathima
Published: May 2022

Long-term renal damage is a critical issue that has to be addressed using healthcare analytics. It is a kind of kidney disease where the kidney's functionality will be degraded over months or years. Hence, accurate prediction needs to be done so that patients can undergo proper treatment at the right time. The machine learning techniques help to accomplish this. The proposed research will examine the effectiveness of supervised or guided classification algorithms such as Naive Bayesian and K-Nearest Neighbor in predicting the disorders on the basis of accuracy. A web application will be implemented that helps doctors and patients identify the disease and undergo medication with a proper diet plan.
Blended Approach to Physics Problem-Solving Using Conventional and Virtual Labs: A Survey of Student’s Perception
Authors: Pal Mamta , Rinki
Published: May 2022

Physics education entails rigorous problem-solving. But physics is full of abstraction and mathematical representations, which are hard to visualize. Hence, understanding the problems requires constant lab activities essential to physics problem-solving. But due to limited equipment and limited periods of usage in conventional labs, virtual labs are an alternative with their own set of limitations. So, a blend of the two virtual and conventional labs is a better option for problem-solving. A mixed-method approach was adopted to know the perception of higher secondary students towards this blended approach. For this, 150 CBSE board higher secondary students of science stream selected using convenient sampling from Lucknow were surveyed using a Likert-type perception scale comprising 15 items followed by an unstructured interview to know the preferred mode for physics problem-solving. The data so obtained were expressed in percentages. The study revealed that most students agreed with the overall perceived benefits of using conventional and virtual labs separately. But due to the inherent problems of these labs separately, students perceived the benefits offered by the blend of conventional and virtual labs in physics problem-solving more than using them separately. A blend of conventional and virtual labs should be used more often.
Bono de Desarrollo Humano. Análisis exploratorio bajo la perspectiva de los beneficiarios del cantón Loja
Authors: Morocho Pasaca Diana Paola , Peláez Moreno Lenin Ernesto , Padilla Andrade Jesús Raquel , Ochoa Herrera Johanna Maribel , Granda Pardo Julio César
Published: May 2022

El artículo tiene por objetivo analizar el efecto de las transferencias monetarias condicionadas en el Ecuador, que es, una herramienta que se utiliza para mejorar los niveles de pobreza extrema. También, se pretende a través de la investigación identificar si realmente beneficia a sus perceptores del cantón Loja y el uso real que tiene el bono en las familias. Se busca llamar la atención sobre las dimensiones de implementación y diseño de programas de BDH que requieren mayor investigación, por tal razón, se considera algunos aspectos relevantes desde su asignación hasta la focalización en el consumo; en un contexto de territorialidad. Se utiliza un método exploratorio con perspectiva mixta, utilizando además un enfoque cualitativo el cual es relevante en la recolección de información, que se integra con un análisis descriptivo comparativo con estudios de investigaciones previas aplicado a una muestra de 60 personas que responden a preguntas como ¿En qué utiliza el dinero del BDH?, ¿Qué tiempo percibe el Bono?, ¿Cómo califica el proceso del Bono? Los resultados muestran que las mujeres enfocan el gasto hacia la alimentación, mientras que los hombres utilizan mayoritariamente para la salud y otros. El tiempo que perciben el bono promedio entre 1 a 10 años, parámetro que llama la atención en el sentido si realmente la transferencia les permite a sus beneficiarios salir de la pobreza extrema.
Dynamics of Identity Construction among the Ethnic Communities in Darfur: A Conflict-based Perspective
Authors: Hamid Mugaddam Abdelrahim , Gari Dhawi Sali
Published: May 2022

This paper investigates dynamics adopted by nine ethnolinguistic communities affected by the current conflict in South Darfur State to construct their ethnic identities. Qualitative data were obtained via focus group discussions, interviews, posters from the landscape, and observation over a period spanning from 2012 to 2013. The findings show that, firstly, there were unprecedented micro-interethnic identity construction dynamics across the study area. Secondly, within these interethnic identities, there were also emerging intra-ethnic identities – all spurred by the wholesale community ethnicisation processes. Thirdly, revitalization of ethnolinguistic identity was found to be the major tool employed by the communities under study, with varying degrees, to establish their distinct identities. Fourthly, ethnolinguistic identities constructed varied from one group to another, ranging from ‘strong’ to ‘moderate’ and ‘weak’, depending on the community’s ethnolinguistic vitality. The paper concluded that the major factor in the emergence of these micro inter- or intra-ethnic identities was the current conflict in Darfur.
Belirsizliğin Ortasında Çocukluk Deneyimi
Authors: DEMİRAL Seran
Published: May 2022

Dijital teknolojilerin gelişmesiyle sanal ortamdaki deneyimlerin yeni olanaklara kapı araladığı günümüzü dijital çağ olarak tanımladığımızda bir olanaklar evreniyle karşılaştığımızı söyleyebiliriz. Ekolojik bir perspektiften gezegen üzerindeki varlığımızı düşündüğümüzdeyse, iklim değişikliğinin yarattığı riskler evreni bir çeşit kriz çağında olduğumuzu hatırlatmakta sanki. Kriz çağı ifadesi, sadece insanın çevreyle kurduğu ilişkiden ibaret değil elbette, toplumlara dair sorunları ve haliyle insan hakları krizlerini de kapsamakta. Olanaklar ile risklerin ortaklaştığı yerde pek çok başka konu gibi belirsizlik kavramı karşımıza çıkmakta. Dijital dünyanın olanakları ile ekolojik –ve dahi politik- krizin açmazlarını yeni çocukluk deneyimleri etrafında ele almayı amaçlayan bu yazıda, çocuklarla yaptığım saha çalışmalarından örnekler vererek, çocuk olma halinin belirsiz/tanımsız olarak algılanışına eleştirel bir bakış açısı getirmeye çalışacağım. Belirsizliğin etrafında düşünsel bir yolculuğa çıkarken olanaklar ve riskler evrenini yukarıda belirttiğim ikilik odağında ve kavram ikiliği ötesinde ihtimaller sunarak tartışacağım.
Sexual harassment on public transport: a survey study of Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Authors: Tabassum Shahla , Suhail Khedija
Published: May 2022

The study was conducted to examine prevalence of sexual harassment, its nature, and its consequences on women during traveling on public transport. A survey research method was used to collect the information. A sample of 105 women using the purposive sampling technique was selected from three different bus stops in Rawalpindi city of Pakistan. Routine Activity Theory of Cohen and Felson (1979) was applied to analyse data about the victimization of women passengers. The findings revealed that women participated in the study, 41% were students, 34% were working women and 25% were housewives. 75% of women travelled on a daily basis while the rest once a week or occasionally. The women faced different forms of harassment and 46% of them faced it sometimes while 36% faced it most of the time during traveling. The findings revealed types of offenders and among them, 64% were passengers, 24% were bus helpers and 12% were drivers. 89% participants considered it a serious matter and 52% of women took action in some way from verbal retaliation, informing the family members, to physical retaliation. It is recommended to develop a mechanism to implement the existing laws to make travelling safe for women.
PENGARUH PET ATTACHMENT DAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP STRES PADA DEWASA AWAL SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Gavriela Kara Duma Thrixie
Published: May 2022

Dewasa awal memiliki tugas perkembangan untuk melakukan eksplorasi dan eksperimen yang diwujudkan melalui banyak kegiatan dengan lingkungan sekitar. Adanya pandemi COVID-19 menghambat pemenuhan tugas perkembangan tersebut dan menyebabkan stres pada dewasa awal. Pet attachment dan dukungan sosial dapat menjadi sumber daya yang mempengaruhi bagaimana individu menilai situasi stress yang dihadapinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh pet attachment dan dukungan sosial terhadap stress pada dewasa awal selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data melalui survei pada individu yang tercakup dalam rentang usia dewasa awal yakni 18-25 tahun, jumlah responden sebanyak 102 orang. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan pet attachment dan dukungan sosial memiliki pengaruh terhadap stres dewasa awal selama satu bulan terakhir. Dukungan sosial dan pet attachment berkontribusi pada stress pada dewasa awal sebesar 12,8% (R2 = 0,128). Secara parsial, dukungan social berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap stress dan pengaruh pet attachment terhadap stress ditemukan tidak signifikan.
Cone Beam Computed Tomography based evaluation of position of mental foramen and its relation to apices of mandibular posterior teeth in a sample of Pakistani population
Authors: Momina Anis Motiwala  , Faizan Javed  , Robia Ghafoor
Published: May 2022

Objective: To radiographically determine the mental foramen position, its distance to the nearest apex and the prevalence of anterior loop of mandibular nerve using cone-beam computed tomography scans.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January to June 2020, and comprised cone-beam computed tomography scans of males or females of Pakistani origin aged 15-65 years with intact mandibular dentition and fully formed roots with matured apex. The scans were analysed to determine the horizontal position of mental foramen and to classify it according to the Tebo and Telford classification. The vertical distance from mental foramen to the nearest tooth apex was measured and the mandibular nerve configuration was determined. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Among the 96 scans, the most frequent location of mental foramen MF was along the long axis of 2nd premolars for both right 50(52.1%) and left 49(51%) sides, followed by between 1st and 2nd premolars for both right 28(29.2%) and left 38(39.6%) sides. The mean minimum distance from mental foramen to the nearest root apex was 3.75±2.59mm and 3.99±2.26mm on right and left sides, respectively. There was bilateral symmetry on both sides. The most frequent mandibular nerve configuration on the right 69(72.6%) and left 75(78.1%) sides, with anterior loop being the least common; right side 3(3.2%) and 5(5.2%) left side.
Conclusion: The most common position of mental foramen was along the long axis of 2nd premolars while the anterior loop was the least common.
Key Words: CBCT, Mental foramen, Mandibular teeth, Pakistani population, Tebo and Telford classification, Mandibular nerve.
Impact of transformational leadership intervention of head nurses among front-line solders (staff nurses) working in government hospital
Authors: Mushtaq Khudija , Hussain Muhammad , Parveen Kousar
Published: May 2022

Objective: To assess the impact of transformational leadership intervention among head nurses on staff nurses in improving job performance.
Method: The quasi-experimental study was conducted from December 2020 to August 2021 at the public-sector Services Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised head nurses and staff nurses enrolled through multistage cluster random sampling technique. Sixteen weeks of transformational leadership interventions were organised in morning and evening shifts. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were done. Data was analysed using SPSS 25.
Results: Of the 576 subjects, 480(83.3%) were staff nurses and 96(16.6%) were head nurses. Transformational leadership intervention caused a significant improvement in staff nurses’ job performance owing to improvement in the behaviour of the head nurses behaviour (p 0.05).
Conclusion: The study showed that staff nurses’ performance significantly improved after transformational leadership intervention related to the head nurses.
Key Words: Transformational leadership, Head nurses, Frontline soldiers, Hospital, Job performance.
Camping-related carbon monoxide poisoning: knowledge and risk behaviors among young Saudi campers
Authors: Aldobeaban Sarah Mohamed , Alyahya Ahmed Ibrahim , Samah Fathy Ibrahim  , Alrussayes Saja Saad , Elserafy Osama Saeid
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the Saudi campers’ knowledge and the applied safety practices regarding carbon monoxide poisoning during camping activities.
Method: The cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted from December 1, 2018, to February 1, 2019, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and comprised young male campers from recreational camps in the northern parts of the city. Data was collected from the participants regarding socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge regarding carbon monoxide poisoning, the applied safety measures to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning and the dealing with carbon monoxide poisoning during camping activities. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
Results: There were 235 male subjects with mean age 24.47±1.139 years (range: 21-32 years). Of the total, 50(21.3%) participants had received civil defence education or training. Overall, 137(58.3%) participants had a good mean knowledge score, and 157(66.8%) participants had a good mean practice score for applying healthy measures in preventing and managing carbon monoxide poisoning. As a preventive measure against carbon monoxide poisoning, the use of carbon monoxide detectors was valued by 107(45.5%) participants. Having civil defence training, having a monthly income >10,000 Saudi Riyals, and having a good knowledge score were the elements that had significant association with the choice related to carbon monoxide detector usage.
Conclusion: The campers had relatively high knowledge regarding carbon monoxide poisoning, but this knowledge was not fully translated into good health practice.
Key Words: Environmental toxin, Camping, Carbon monoxide poisoning, Knowledge, Practice.
Penulisan Berita Dakwah Serta Efektivitas Penyampaian Informasi Islam
Authors: Musliadi Musliadi , Muhlis Muhlis
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to find out how the technique of reporting and writing da'wah news and opportunities for the effectiveness of Islamic information delivery. The research method used by the author is a qualitative method with the type of library research or library research. Literature study is research that uses various types of material in collecting data and information that the author collects through reading through documents, encyclopedias, dictionaries, journals, magazines, books, and so on from libraries. which has previously been carried out and has relevance to the theme or discussion as the basis for the researcher to obtain the basis for enriching the author's uniqueness on the theoretical basis used. The results of the research show that, in covering da'wah news, a reporter must collect Islamic data and information by looking for newspaper clippings, papers, or newspaper articles. and at the same time meeting journalistic technical standards, the opportunity to convey Islamic information in the digitalization era in this century is very likely to change the ummah from one situation to another that is better in all fields, realizing Islamic teachings in everyday life for an individual, family, group or group. the masses and for the life of society as a whole system of living together in the context of the development of the nation and of mankind.

Keywords: Effectiveness of Islamic Information Delivery
TANTANGAN DAKWAH (Haruskah Dakwah Dipersulit Atau Dipermudah?)
Authors: Iman Sunardi Bashri , Estuningtyas Retna Dwi
Published: May 2022

Dalam berdakwah menghadapi hambatan adalah suatu keniscayaan. Hambatan banyak variannya bisa datang dari seorang da’i atau dari objek dakwah itu sendiri. Kewajiban seorang da’i harus mampu mengatasi berbagai macam problematika dakwah. Ada model hambatan dakwah yang bersifat alamiah, kemampuan intelektual atau kurang bijak dalam mengaplikasikan etika dan estetika. Tulisan ini adalah model kualitatif, studi kepustakaan dengan basis sumber utama buku klasik ilmu dakwah yang berliteratur bahasa Arab,  didukung pula dengan khasanah buku Tsaqofah Islamiyah. Adapun data sekundernya adalah wawasan yang bersumber dari website baik berupa artikel jurnal, surat kabar atau sumber lainya. Sebagai kesimpulan, seorang da’i dituntut  untuk berlaku  bijak dalam  menjalankan misi dakwahnya. Mempermudah adalah solusinya, pahami orang lain itu punya latar belakang dan pengalaman hidup yang berbeda-beda. Permudahlah dengan  memperhatikan tahapan dalam menyampaikan misi,  tidak terlalu banyak membebani tugas dan usahakan untuk membantu mengurangi beban yang  ia  rasakan. Harus diperhatikan pula metodologi dakwah, penggunaan cara dan media dalam berdakwah. Tugas da’i hanya menyampaikan pesan bukan memberi keputusan si mad’u itu harus di jalan yang benar atau salah. Sampaikan saja hasil dakwah di tangan Allah SWT.
Can Use Simple Messages Information to Make a Remuneration Profit? –Evidence from Taiwan Stocks
Authors: Hsiao Chien-Wen
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The goal of this research is to use the correlation analysis method (CAM) to find out the investors can invest with simple messages.

Results: This research's empirical results indicate the following: (1) Based on our empirical results obtained from using the correlation analysis method (CAM) method, the highest price, lowest price, and closing price can affect the opening price, and there is a significant and positive relationship. Moreover, the stock trading volume is an insignificant positive correlation, and the rate of price spread is an insignificant negative correlation. (2) This research assumes no external interference and government protection. And that stock investors do not have any technical analysis and other conditions. Whether the company can make a profit can reflect the value of bonds and stocks through public information. Therefore, investors can invest based on simple information. The grey relational analysis (GRA) research shows that that both the highest price and the lowest price displays were significant. The closing price was strong. In contrast, the study found that the stock trading volume and price spread displays are weak, and the analysis results showed almost no effect.

Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: Therefore, if you play day trader it is feasible to use the high and low stock prices to make a remuneration profit.
The Influence of County Government Financial Mobilization on Service Delivery in Meru County, Kenya
Authors: Kiambi Susan Muthoni , Walubaka Elijah , Munene Haldess Nguta
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the influence of county government financial mobilization on service delivery in Meru County, Kenya. To achieve this purpose, the study hypothesized that the study tested the null hypothesis that there is no significant relationship between finance mobilizations.

Methodology: The target population of the study was County government finance officers, who comprised officers consisting of the County Finance Board, Chie Executive Officer, Chief Officers, Director Revenue, Sub-county revenue coordinators, and Members of the County Assembly. The target population was 89 participants, and the sample size was 89 respondents identified through the census technique. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The questionnaire was the main tool used in data collection. Data analysis and interpretation was based on descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. In addition, a null hypothesis was tested using a t-test at 5% level of significant. A pilot test was carried out and analyzed to ensure validity and reliability of the aforementioned data collection instruments prior to actual data collection. All the variables were tested using Cronbach alpha coefficient all the variables attained a value of above 0.7 which is recommended for this type of study. The data was analyzed using S.P.S.S. software version 28.

Results: The results of descriptive statistics showed (N = 80, M = 2.83, SD = .999. The regression analysis established that three was a positive statically significant relationship between financial mobilization and service delivery (p<0.05). The study concluded that financial mobilization in Meru county government have been moderately executed that are leading to slightly above the average service delivery in Meru County government. Thus, there is need to increase resource mobilization so as to provide seamless service to Meru residents.

Unique contribution to theory and practice: The study provides the information on how the county governments can use the financial mobilization practice to improve the service delivery. The use of financial mobilization practice is associated with better revenue collection and utilization, therefore, a theoretical framework can be developed to guide the financial mobilization practice that can improve the service delivery.