bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY: BLOCKCHAIN BASED COLLABORATIVE MODELS
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, PUCHEANU Florin , BUGHEANU Alexandru-Mihai ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, DINULESCU Ruxandra ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Published: March 2021

The current paper focuses on blockchain technology as a novel actor shaping business models and leveraging another rising star of the global business, collaborative economy. The research aims to grasp the main intersection points between blockchain drivers and business model components. Therefore, to accomplish this objective, the paper identifies the main impact drivers of blockchain technology in relation to collaborative models as: cost reduction, risk reduction and disinter mediation. Secondly, we have turned our attention to the methods in which this new technology influences business model innovation. Furthermore, this paper presents the possible outcome scenarios taking into consideration four stages of business model innovation in relation to different degrees of blockchain adoption by organizations. The key findings of this study focus on the impact on value proposition, value creation, delivery and value capture, and the ways each scenario constitutes an opportunity or a threat to the focal firm
Disclosure of the COVID-19 pandemic impact on companies' financial reporting as a condition of its transparency
Authors: VAKHRUSHINA Mariya A. , VAKHRUSHINA Alina A.
Published: March 2021

Subject. This article discusses the presentation of transparent IFRS reporting that details the COVID-19 pandemic impact on all areas of the company's activities. Objectives. The article aims to structure, systematize, and evaluate the quality of information on the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the performance of Russian companies presented their IFRS reporting in 2020. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of content analysis, quantitative and systematic analysis, and grouping. Results. The article consists of two parts: theoretical and empirical ones. The theoretical part substantiates the need to disclose the COVID-19 pandemic impact on companies, and it defines the areas of such disclosures. The empirical part assesses the quality of disclosure in the Interim IFRS reporting of fifty domestic public companies of twelve business types. Conclusions. All the companies studied have in one way or other disclosed data on the pandemic impact on their performance and/or financial situation in the Financial Reporting Notes, but overall the quality of such disclosures should be considered poor. However, not all of the companies sampled were affected by the pandemic. In their IFRS reporting, some of them reflected the positive impact of COVID?19 on the development of online commerce and as a result, on the increase in sales.
Modifying the marketing strategy to reinforce the economic security of managing companies
Authors: ZAINULLIN Sergei B. , ZAINULLINA Ol'ga A.
Published: March 2021

Subject. The 2020 economic crisis and the coronavirus pandemic put the economic security of some companies, sectors and markets at stake, including the housing and utility sector. Lowering the threat is the reason why managing companies’ strategies are modified.
Objectives. We review needs of various consumers changing during the current crisis, analyze new opportunities. The article also discusses the possible modification of the marketing strategy.
Methods. The study is based on methods of analysis, synthesis, forecasting. Preparing for the study, we referred to analytical reviews, scientific papers, proceedings of scientific conferences, sectoral editions.
Results. We conducted the comparative analysis of segments and types of managing companies’ activities and outlined recommendations for modifying the strategy of managing companies.
Conclusions and Relevance. The COVID-19 pandemic considerable reshaped the consumer demand across various segments (В2В, В2С, В2G)and activities, such as real estate management, technological operation, cleaning. Following the findings of the study, we make suggestions for modifying the strategy of marketing companies.
U.S. and China: The world's high-tech industry pre-eminent powers. A comparative analysis of positions
Authors: RODIONOVA Irina A. , UGRYUMOVA Aleksandra A.
Published: March 2021

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to industrialization and spatial realignment of forces in the world industry architecture at the regional and global levels.
Objectives. The article aims to describe the processes in the modern manufacturing industry and show the growth of China's share in the global production and export of knowledge-intensive and high-tech industry products in comparison with the indicators of the United States, the previous world industry leader.
Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis.
Results. The article compares the changes in industrial development indicators of the United States and China since the beginning of the 21st century and defines the positions of these countries in the development of knowledge-intensive and high-tech goods and services.
Conclusions. China came out on top in the world concerning the export of all groups of high-tech goods and services. It is also the leader in global production and exports of medium- and high-tech products. China is slightly inferior to the United States in the production of high-tech industry products with the most intensive use of engineering development.
MODERNIZATION OF THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM CONTROL OF THE PRODUCTION SYSTEM
Authors: Šarga Patrik , Záboly Tomáš
Published: March 2021

Urgency of the research. Nowadays, it is crucial to keep up with modern technologies. Therefore, this work aims to modernize the production system Festo MPS 500. Thanks to this, it will be possible to apply to the system technologies meeting the latest trends in Industry 4.0. The MPS 500 system prepared in this way can be used to research new trends in accordance with Industry 4.0. The modernized MPS 500 system will also find use in the education of students in the field of automation and mechatronics so that they are sufficiently prepared for practice. Target setting. The goal of the research was to modernize the transport system of the modular production system Festo MPS 500 according to Industry 4.0 platform. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. When upgrading the system MPS 500 and preparing this paper, we took into account both current sources – publications and papers dealing with the current state of Industry 4.0 and modular production systems as well as existing modular production systems based on Industry 4.0 platform. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. At this stage of the research, data acquisition from the system MPS 500 and interconnection with the cloud was not realized. The research objective. The purpose of this article is to modernize the MPS 500, which will allow focusing on Industry 4.0 research specifically for the deployment of Cyber-physical systems, Internet of Things, Big Data, Cloud Computing. The statement of basic materials. Effective research of the new technologies in the industry requires to use modern systems which meet the criteria of Industry 4.0 platform. So the original system Festo MTS 500 was upgraded by systems from Siemens.
Conclusions. The main aim of this work was to modernize the transport system of the production system MPS 500. Elements of the system management were changed, and a new control program was created in the TIA Portal environment. The functionality of the MPS 500 was subsequently verified, where the full functionality of the system was confirmed. It makes the MPS 500 ready for further expansion in accordance with Industry 4.0.
Numerical Study to Evaluate the Performance of Nonuniform Stepped Spillway Using ANSYS-CFX
Authors: Saleh Shawnm M. , Husain Sarhang M.
Published: March 2021

The main features that attract hydraulic engineers for designing stepped spillways are their ability to lose a large portion of the flow energy and add or increase aeration to the flow naturally. Hence, smaller size stilling basin and no aeration device may require. This study aims to find the amount of energy dissipation rate and the location of inception point over non-uniform stepped spillway. The numerical 2D ANSYS-CFX code is applied to generate and run thirty-two models of different configurations using two different moderate slopes (1 V:2 H and 1 V:2.5 H) as most of the downstream slopes designed for moderate slope, and two different step heights (hs= 0.08 m and hs= 0.016 m) under skimming flow discharge for different (dc/hs) ranging from dc/hs= 1–2.2, in which dc is the critical flow deptho n the crest. The volume of fluid is implemented and the renormalized group of k-ɛ turbulence model is activated. The computational results demonstrated that the amount of energy dissipation increases with decreasing the flow discharge, chute slope, and step height. In addition, it is observed that the length of the inception point is directly proportional to the discharge and inversely proportional to both the chute slopes and step height. Moreover, for the design point of view, the results revealed that configuration B can be considered as the optimal one amongst the others examined herein.
Prevalence of Needlestick Injuries among Healthcare Workers in Rizgary Teaching Hospital
Authors: Ali Salah H. , Majeed Peshtewan T. , Huwiezy Umed A.
Published: March 2021

Needlestick injury in healthcare settings is a global issue. Despite being recognized for many years, needlestick and sharps injuries (NSIs) continue to present a risk of occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens for health care works (HCWs). The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of needlestick injuries among HCWs in Rizgary Teaching Hospital and to identify the causes of needlestick injuries. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 76 healthcare workers in Rizgary Teaching hospital; there were a total of 45 males, 31 females. The data collections were administrated using face-to-face interviews to ensure a good response rate and to ensure all questions were answered. Most (52.6%) needlestick injuries occurred in wards with syringe needles being the most common causative tool; surgery ward was the most prevalent site of needlestick injuries occurrence (42.1%). The percentage of acupuncture was high and needles were the most common cause, and most injuries occurred during the re-use of the needles. The study recommends several measures to prevent and reduce acute injuries among HCWs; these measures include health education, behavior change, safer devices, and an educational program to educate these HCWs.
Biocompatibility of Styrene-butadiene Copolymer-modified Calcium Phosphate and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate
Authors: Kaka Hala B. , Salman Raid F.
Published: March 2021

The biocompatibility of root canal filling material is one of the basic conditions for a successful endodontic treatment and healing of the periodontium. This study was aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility of calcium phosphate cement modified with the styrene-butadiene copolymer-modified calcium phosphate (mCPC) by its implantation in the subcutaneous tissue of rabbit. Fifteen female rabbits of comparable weight were used in this study, each one had received three different tubes; one containing mCPC, the other with mineral trioxide aggregate Fillapex, and an empty control tube on the subcutaneous tissue of thighs. After a definite time (3, 7, and 14 days), the tissues around the tubes were collected, fixed, and processed for histologic evaluation. A histopathological specialist measured the intensity of inflammation. Kruskal–Wallis test was used to analyze the data. The results showed a significant difference with mCPC group in different periods, there was a high intensity of inflammation at the beginning, then it fell, and sustained as mild inflammation. One can conclude that the new formulation of CPC considered biocompatible, which rises the success rate of endodontic treatment.
Bolton Ratio of Different Angle’s Classifications in a School Children Sample of Erbil City
Authors: Ibrahim Amanj R. , Omer Zana Q. , Hasan Hasan S. , Saleem Almola Walaa M.
Published: March 2021

Aims of this study were to determine both the Bolton anterior and overall ratios in a representative sample of Erbil schoolchildren of Normal occlusion and Cl I, Cl II div I, div II, and Cl III malocclusion, also to find if there are any gender differences. Numerical data were obtained, comprised of 320 samples study casts of students with a mean age of 13–15 years selected from different schools in Erbil City. The casts were divided into 5 groups according to the type of malocclusion: Normal (n = 64), Cl I (n = 64), Class II div I (n = 64), Class II div II (n = 64), and Class III subjects (n = 64). The measurement of the greatest mesiodistal width of the teeth was performed using digital Vernier directly on the study casts, from the distal surface of the left first molar to the distal surface of the right first molar. The overall and anterior ratios between the maxillary and mandibular teeth were computed and evaluated using Bolton’s method. The results revealed that the mean anterior ratio (78.863) was higher and statistically signifi cantly different from anterior Bolton’s (77.2) and also the mean overall ratio was not statistically signifi cant different from Bolton’s ratio (91.3) (P = 0.239), with respect to the overall and anterior ratios among all the groups, statistically significant differences were found. Differences between genders were analyzed using a t-test. The results showed that there were no signifi cant differences between males and females. There were non-significant differences between the findings of the present study and those of Bolton’s study for overall ratio and anterior ratio, but among all five classifications, there was a significant difference of Erbil population not similar to Bolton ratio and there was no significant difference between males and females.
Uncovering Identity Complication in Season of Migration to the North a Novel by Tayeb Salih
Authors: Husain Saman A.
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to analyse and investigate the issue of identity in Tayeb Salih's novel Season of Migration to the North according to postcolonial theory.  Identity crisis refers to the context in which a person questions the whole idea of life. Philosophically, the identity crisis has been studied under the theories of existentialism. The term is coined to indicate a person, whose egoism and personality is filled with questions regarding life foundation, feeling and arguing that life has no value. in the novel by Tayeb Salih, Season of Migrating to the North, there are several instances that can be cited to indicate the existence of an identity crisis in the story. In this paper, we highlight and exemplify on such issues in an attempt to show how the theme of identity crisis has been presented in the novel. The paper considers the postcolonial theories of Edward Said, Frantz Fanon and Homi Bhabha to analyse the novel in terms of their representation of identity crisis. Keywords— tour guides, tour guide performance, tourist satisfaction, destination and customer loyalty.
Investigation of Obstacles Affecting Implementation of Job Rotation Process
Authors: Rahman Hawkar Kh. , Yosif Aras N. , Mahmud Bushra Q.
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, for ideal level of organizational performance, organizations should develop human resource policies continually. Since employees are considered as the most valuable factor of success and production, the most important assets and a main source of competitive advantage. Modern institutions adopt Job rotation as a fundamental technique for developing staff at all levels of management and in different fields. It provides all members with opportunities to develop their skills, competency and knowledge in different kinds of various jobs. The main purpose of this empirical study is to identify the factors affecting the implementation of job rotation process in Erbil Administrative Technical Institute and Shaqlawa Technical Institute. This study is descriptive and the sample size of population included 115 employees and lecturers who worked in Erbil Administrative Technical Institute and Shaqlawa Technical Institute and 108 valid responses were generated from the employees and lecturers of the two institutes. The tool of the study was a questionnaire. Thus, the items of the study were developed according to the questionnaire employed a 3-point Likert scale. The collected data were then analyzed by statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). The findings indicated staff interests or willingness in implementing job rotation, the management/ administration culture, knowledge or manager education were the main obstacles followed by the cost of implementing. Based on the findings, some recommendations were made for the decision makers.
ڕواڵەتە نوێكانی شیعر لە دیوانی(شەیتان) ی (ئەنوەر مەسیفی) دا
Authors: مەحموود بەختیار ئەحمەد
Published: March 2021

یەك لە حاڵەتە زەقەكانی ئەدەبی هاوچەرخی كوردی فۆرمی گرانی (ئەنوەر مەسیفی) یە، مەسیفی دوای خوێندنەوەیەكی زۆری  بۆ فەلسەفەی داداییزم و خوێندنەوەی بۆ واقیعی ئەو(30) ساڵەی كۆتایی تەمەنی لە كوردستان، گەیشتۆتە ئەوەی واقیعی كوردستان ڕووبەڕووی بارێكی دیكەی تازە بۆتەوە كە عەقڵ تێیدا ونە یاساش كاری پێ‌ ناكرێ‌، خەڵك لە یەكتری تێ‌ ناگات، ئەم واقیعەش بەهەمان واقیعی دوای شەڕی یەكەمی جیهانی یان ڕۆژانی شەڕی جیهانی ئەوروپای چوواندووە، هەستی كردووە ئەم دوو واقیعە لە ڕووی زۆری كێشەكان و نەبوونی ڕێگە چارەی گونجاو بۆ چاككردن لە یەكچوونە، بۆیە هاتووە هەروەكو داداییەكان تعبیری كردووە لە واقیعی وڵاتەكەی خۆی، بەمەش شیعرەكانی چونكە ئاوێنەی داداییزمن لە ئەدەبی كوردیدا وەكو فۆرمی گران و ئاڵۆز كەوتونەتە بەرچاو چونكە هەموو بنەماكانی ئیستاتیكای شیعری پێشوویان ڕەتكردۆتەوە.
دور نظم رقابة جودة التدقيق في ازدياد الطلب على خدمات التدقيق
Authors: حنا سلوان نعمت
Published: March 2021

يهدف البحث الى تحديد دور نظم رقابة جودة التدقيق في رفع جودة خدمات التدقيق وازدياد الطلب عليها وذلك في ظل معيار التدقيق الدولي (ISA) رقم (220) الموسوم (رقابة الجودة لتدقيق القوائم المالية) والمتعلق برقابة الجودة، من خلال مشكلة البحث التي تشير الى ان مكاتب التدقيق العاملة في إقليم كوردستان تعاني من ضعف أو محدودية الإمكانيات والقدرات مما يفرض عليها نوعاً من الانطواء والعزلة، ليس كالمكاتب التدقيق الأخرى التي تسعى دائماً الى توسيع نشاط تقديم الخدمات وبالتالي توسيع نطاق عملها وازدياد الطلب على خدماتها، لذا فان تبني مكاتب التدقيق العاملة في إقليم كوردستان لسياسات وإجراءات الرقابة على جودة التدقيق يؤدي إلى ازدياد الطلب على خدمات التدقيق التي تقدمها وبالتالي توسيع نطاق عملها. ومن أجل الوصول إلى هذا الهدف تم استقصاء آراء عينة من المحاسبين القانونيين ومراقبي الحسابات في مكاتب التدقيق العاملة في إقليم كوردستان الذين بلغ عددهم (68) فرداً، وتم توزيع استمارات الاستبيان عليهم ومن ثم تم تحليل النتائج باستخدام برنامج الحزمة الاحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS). وتوصل البحث الى ان تبني مكاتب التدقيق العاملة في إقليم كوردستان لسياسات وإجراءات رقابة الجودة على اعمال التدقيق من شأنه ان يؤدي الى تحسين جودة الخدمات المقدمة للعملاء وتحسين صورتها امام العملاء المستفيدين من خدماتها التدقيقية، وكسب ثقتهم بتلك الخدمات وبالتالي ازدياد الطلب عليها، ومعالجة ازمة انخفاض الثقة في جودة التقارير المالية لمنظمات الاعمال العاملة في إقليم كوردستان، وبالتالي توجد علاقة معنوية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين عناصر نظم رقابة جودة التدقيق و ازدياد الطلب على خدمات التدقيق .واقترح البحث بضرورة توعية مكاتب التدقيق العاملة في إقليم كوردستان بأهمية الرقابة على جودة التدقيق وفوائد الالتزام بمعايير رقابة الجودة، بالإضافة الى التزامهم بوضع السياسات والإجراءات اللازمة بهدف تحسين جودة التدقيق وزيادة ثقة المستخدمين وازدياد الطلب على خدمات التدقيق ذات الجودة العالية.
زيادة كفاءة الاداء للتدقيق الداخلي و الخارجي في ظل استخدام تكنلوجيا المعلومات
Authors: سعيد لقمان محمد
Published: March 2021

يزداد اهميةهذا الموضوع كون تكنلوجيا المعلومات لها دور مهم يرتبط بمهنة تدقيق الحسابات و كذلك الدور الذي تلعبه في بيئة الاعمال فضلا عن اهمية المعلومات المحاسبية التي تلعب دورا مؤثرا في سلامة القرارات الاقتصادية و التي تخضع لتدقيق مراقب الحسابات ،لذا وفي ظل استخدام تكنلوجيا المعلومات ظهرت تحديات جديدة أمام التدقيق الداخلي و الخارجي خصوصا في بيئة اقليم كوردستان العراق ،ومن هنا تاتي اهمية الدراسة اذ يتناول تشخيص هذه التحديات و توضيحها و اقتراح  السبل الكفيلة لتجاوزها . لتحقيق فرضيات الدراسة قام بإعداد استمارة الاستبانة وتم توزيعها على عدد من هذه الشركات , أما لتحليل الاستمارات من الجانب الميداني فقد استخدم الباحث البرنامج الأحصائي ( SPSS) ومن خلال هذه التحاليل قد توصل الباحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات ومن أهمها  يؤثر في عنصر الرقابة و التدقيق من خلال سرعة في إكتشاف الأخطاء و تصحيحها في الوقت المناسب و السيطرة على التهديدات و المخاطر التي تمثل في التلاعب و التزوير .و يوصي الباحث ضرورة تعزيز ادراك االدققين الداخليين و الخارجيين  لمتغيرات تكنولوجيا المعلومات في التدقيق و ذلك من خلال نشر ثقافة استخدام أدوات تكنولوجيا المعلومات من خلال الدورات التدريبية.
RESTORATIVE JUSTICE SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KELALAIAN MEDIS
Authors: Windayani Tisa , Adipradana Nugroho
Published: March 2021

Medical negligence in Indonesia can be considered as criminal conduct. Though the nature of medical contract—relationship is private, but it is considered to have public aspects. The criminalization of medical negligence is intended to protect citizen from any malpractice by medical workers. While there are enough lawsuits and cases being reported to the police, yet the conclusions are still in the shadow. There are some rules regarding some standards, either it is on the medical treatment procedures, or on the terms and procurements of the medical workers. Interestingly, failing on these standards come along with criminal punishment on. Yet, in some cases, we found out that criminal punishment being ruled out. Instead, the proceeding uses restorative justice. Restorative justice is a state of the art criminal proceeding that weighing on repairing damages on victim, caused by criminal conduct—than to punish the perpetuator. Using theories within the Criminal Study like the “goals of punishment”, justice theories, and restorative justice theories as well; we conclude that the switch of punishment into other obligation for victim’s sake is a good application of restorative justice
MEKANISME PELAKSANAAN GANTI RUGI ATAS ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN BELANJA NEGARA SEBAGAI PENEMUAN HUKUM ATAS PROBLEMATIKA NON EXECUTABLE PENYITAAN ATAS ASET MILIK NEGARA
Authors: Hendrawan Nareswari Anindya , Marditia Putri Purbasari Raharningtyas
Published: March 2021

Penulisan ini membahas mengenai pemberian ganti rugi yang diberikan terhadap putusan pengadilan yang nonexecutable atau dengan kata lain tidak dapat dijalankan karena berlakunya Pasal 50 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2004 tentang Perbendaharaan Negara. Dalam Pasal 50 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2004 dijelaskan bahw pada dasarnya tidak dapat dilakukan suatu penyitaan dalam bentuk apapun terhadap barangbarang yang dikualifikasikan sebagai barang milik Negara dan barang milik Daerah. Namun yang menjadi persoalan adalah bagaimana perlindungan yang diberikan terhadap pihak pemohon eksekusi atau dalam hal ini pihak yang dimenangkan oleh putusan pengadilan, tidak dapat menjalankan putusan pengadilan karena objek yang akan dieksekusi merupakan barang milik Negara dan barang milik Daerah yang karenanya dilindungi oleh Pasal 50 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2004 tentang Perbendaharaan Negara. Adapun apabila putusan pengadilan yang sudah berkekuatan hukum tetap tersebut tidak dapat dijalankan atau dengan kata lain nonexecutable maka akan menimbulkan suatu ketidakpastian hukum. Hal tersebut menjadi latar belakang penulis dalam melakukan penulisan hukum ini. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah penulisan lakukan, maka jawaban atas permasalahan tersebut adalah bahwa pemohon eksekusi atau pihak yang dimenangkan oleh putusan pengadilan dapat mengajukan permohonan kepada Ketua Pengadilan agar memerintahkan termohon eksekusi yang dalam hal ini pihak pemerintah atau instansi negara untuk memasukan sejumlah uang tertentu kedalam Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Negara atau Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Daerah guna untuk memberikan ganti rugi kepada pemohon eksekusi karena tidak dapat dilakukannya eksekusi terhadap barang milik Negara atau barang milik Daerah.
ANALISIS PENAFSIRAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI KONTRAK DALAM KASUS PENGADAAN MESIN GENERATOR PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA DIESEL ANTARA PT X DAN PT Y (PERSERO) DENGAN SKEMA PEMBAYARAN MENGGUNAKAN LETTER OF CREDIT (LC)
Authors: Paramartha Putu Aditya
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah prinsip-prinsip penafsiran kontrak dalam perdagangan internasional serta bagaimanakah implikasi perbedaan penafsiran kontrak terhadap implementasi kontrak khususnya dalam kasus Pengadaan Generator PLTD 25MW. Metode yang digunakan adalah normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kasus (case base approach). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini prinsip-prinsip penafsiran kontrak dalam perdagangan internasional terdapat di dalam beberapa instrumen internasional, yaitu: Hard Laws (CISG), Soft Law (UNIDROIT 2016), Draft Instrument, dan Lex Mercatoria. Prinsip-prinsip penafsiran kontrak tersebut bertujuan untuk memberikan unifikasi dan harmonisasi sistem hukum, khususnya dalam perdagangan internasionalDalam praktiknya, perbedaan penafsiran kontrak menyebabkan perbedaan dalam implementasi kontrak. Perbedaan implementasi kontrak menyebabkan timbulnya sengketa antara Para Pihak.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TENAGA KERJA INDONESIA DI PT MUCOINDO PRAKASA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN TENAGA KERJA ASING DALAM KERANGKA MEA
Authors: Saputra Arif Firmansyah Adi
Published: March 2021

Tenaga kerja adalah pelaku pembangunan dan pelaku ekonomi baik secara individu maupun secara kelompok, sehingga mempunyai peranan yang sangat signifikan dalam aktivitas perekonomian nasional. Penggunaan Tenaga Kerja Asing di Indonesia pada saat ini semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Peningkatan terjadi karena banyaknya investasi asing yang masuk ke Indonesia ditambah peraturan perundang-undangan Indonesia yang mempermudah perizinan tenaga kerja asing. Mudahnya perizinan tenaga kerja asing tersebut juga diringi masih banyaknya tenaga kerja asing ilegal yang ditangkap. Mudahnya perizinan tersebut dikhawatirkan akan mengancam kesempatan kerja bagi tenaga kerja Warga Negara Indonesia.Meskipun pengaturan mengenai ketenagakerjaan tersebar di berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan, UU Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan merupakan peraturan pokok yang berisi pengaturan secara khusus dan komprehensif di bidang ketenagakerjaan. Hal inilah yang menjadi pegangan sebagai aturan main dunia ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia memasuki AEC. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif, penelitan ini bersifat deskriptif melalui pendekatan konseptual, undang-undang dan pendekatan kasus.Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini, yaitu: 1. Bagaimana pengaturan dalam perlindungan tenaga kerja Indonesia dikaitkan dengan penggunaan tenaga kerja asing di Indonesia dalam Kerangka MEA?; 2. Bagaimanapelaksanaan aturan terkait penggunaan tenaga kerja asing di PT Mucoindo Prakasa berkaitan dengan perlindungan tenaga kerja Indonesia dalam Kerangka MEA?. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1. Pengaturan Penggunaaan Tenaga Kerja Asing dalam konteks Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean pada UU Ketenagakerjaan telah mengatur perlindungan tenaga kerja Warga Negara Indonesia terhadap penggunaan TKA dari MEA. Perpres Nomor 20 Tahun 2018 tentang Penggunaan Tenaga Kerja Asing yang memberi kemudahan dan penyederhanaan proses  perizinan bagi TKA tersebut dilakukan dalam keadaan masih tingginya angka pengangguran di Indonesia dan masih banyaknya Tenaga Kerja Indonesia yang dikirim ke luar negari karena tidak mencukupinya lapangan pekerjaan di Indonesia. Penggunaan tenaga kerja asing pada PT Mucoindo Prakasa telah mengikuti aturan tentang tata cara menggunakan tenaga kerja asing sebagaimana Peraturan Menteri Nomor 35 Tahun 2015 atas perubahan dari Peraturan Menteri Nomor 16 Tahun 2015.  Untuk perbaikan ke depannya penulis menyarankan untuk Revisi pada UU Ketenagakerjaan sebaiknya dilakukan, terutama mengenai pengaturan tentang penggunaan TKA, didalam UU Ketenagakerjaan tersebut harus dimuat hal-hal yang bersifat prinsip mengenai penggunaan TKA, seperti mengenai izin penggunaan TKA yang pada saat ini di dalam UU Ketenagakerjaan tidak jelas manayang merupakan izin dan syarat untuk mendapatkan izin penggunaan TKA serta tujuan dari penggunaan TKA di Indonesia yang tidak dijelaskan dalam UU Ketenagakerjaan.
Sistema prisional e saúde mental: atuação da terapia ocupacional com mulheres autodeclaradas negras e pardas vítimas do racismo
Authors: Pereira Amanda dos Santos , Lima Maria Adriely Cunha , Lacerda Roberto dos Santos , Teixeira-Machado Lavínia , Oliveira Halley Ferraro , Hernandes Raphaela Schiassi
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Entender as histórias de vida de mulheres autodeclaradas negras e pardas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório com uma abordagem qualitativa em um presídio feminino no interior do estado de Sergipe, que conta com 234 mulheres com idade entre 18 e 80 anos. Foram realizados três encontros que abordaram dois temas: (1) como era sua vida antes de cometer o delito e (2) o significado dos encontros de Terapia Ocupacional. Os temas foram abordados mediante atividades expressivas como a pintura, desenho e escrita no papel para que as participantes do estudo pudessem expressar seus sentimentos, emoções e suas vivências. Resultados: Foi identificada através das atividades expressivas a relação entre gênero, classe social e etnia. As práticas de preconceito vivenciadas anteriormente ao aprisionamento e a estadia no sistema prisional causaram impactos na saúde mental das participantes. Conclusão: Os encontros com profissionais de Terapia Ocupacional promoveram a possibilidade de as participantes compreenderem seus sentimentos, resgatar suas subjetividades e ampliar o repertório ocupacional. Além de poder contribuir para adoção de práticas antirracistas e criar um espaço discussão e reflexão desse tema tão emergente.
Editorial Note
Authors: Clark R.
Published: March 2021

Implementation of Quantum Computation
Quantum computing with electrons floating on liquid helium
Authors: Dykman M.I. , Platzman P.M.
Published: March 2021

Electrons on a helium surface form a quasi two-dimensional system which displays the highest mobility reached in condensed matter physics. We propose to use this system as a set of interacting quantum bits. We will briefly describe the system and discuss how the qubits can be addressed and manipulated. The working frequency of the proposed quantum computer is ~ 1GHz. Careful analysis shows that the relaxation rate can be at least 5 orders of magnitude smaller, for low temperatures.
On the classical character of control fields in quantum information processing
Authors: van Enk S.J. , Kimble H.J.
Published: March 2021

Control fields in quantum information processing are almost by definition assumed to be classical. In reality, however, when such a field is used to manipulate the quantum state of qubits, the qubits always become slightly entangled with the field. For quantum information processing this is an undesirable property, as it precludes perfect quantum computing and quantum communication. Here we consider the interaction of atomic qubits with laser fields and quantify atom-field entanglement in various cases of interest. We find that the entanglement decreases with the average number of photons \bar{n} in a laser beam as $E\propto\log_2 \bar{n}/\bar{n}$ for $\bar{n}\rightarrow\infty$.
Importance of Nanoparticulate systems in emerging Biomedical research - An update
Authors: Sanjay K Gowda  , Rupesh Kumar M  , Syed Sagheer Ahmed  , Rajesh Kowti  , Abhishek K  , Ramesh B
Published: March 2021

Nanotechnology is the branch of science and engineering accomplished by design, synthesis, characterisation, and application of materials or devices in the nanometer scale. It permits identification, development and establishes the use of material frameworks, devices and technologies withs unique properties and functions from their structures at the Subatomic, atomic, molecular as well as supermolecular levels. In recent decades, nanotechnology has attracted unparalleled attention in broad areas of research. It has been used in various fields like Engineering and Technology, Material Science, Agriculture, Medicine, Pharmacy, Biotechnology and other areas of Life science. Nanoparticles have been playing a promising role in the advancement of diagnosis and therapeutics of many health issues. They are providing the way for new approaches of drug delivery to target specific sites and achieve enhanced bioavailability. In this review, we provide an overview of the use of Metallic nanoparticles, lipid-based nanoparticles, Charge reverse nanoparticulate systems, Carbon nanotubes, Magnetic, Controlled release nanoparticles, Herbal nanoparticles etc., in Various biomedical fields like Drug delivery, Gene therapy, Tissue regeneration, Implants, Diagnosis, Imaging and treatment of various diseases.  Even though numerous nanoparticulate systems were developed, only a few of them are transformed into practical use in clinical environments. Hence, focus on the development and commercialisation of nanoparticulate system is entailed.
Serum Cotinine Level as a Tobacco Exposure Related Biomarker in Oral Cavity Malignancy
Authors: Anand Guddur  , Shah A M  , Amol D Langade  , Shreesh A Kolekar  , Lahoti Jeevan  , Nikam Yogesh Prahlad
Published: March 2021

Oral cancer has posed a challenge to us with its incidence as high as around 20% of total body cancers aim of the study was to quantify serum cotinine level as tobacco exposure-related biomarker in controls, chronic tobacco chewers (High risk for oral cavity malignancy) and oral cavity cancer patients. This was a hospital-based case-control study of 24 months duration in controls, chronic tobacco chewers and oral cancer patients. A total of 150 subjects had enrolled after meeting the inclusion & exclusion criteria. The commonest age group of oral cavity malignancy was 41 to 50 years. Males were found to be more affected than females. Tobacco chewing was the most common habits in a male patient and mishri application in female patients. In this study, 90% of patients had a history of tobacco consumption for the last ten years or more. Frequency of tobacco chewing was more in chronic tobacco chewers (30% in more than ten times a day) compared to oral cavity malignancy group (16% in more than ten times a day). The majority (more than 50%) of patients had tumour arising from the buccal mucosa, and histopathological studies revealed that 48% of patients had well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Serum cotinine level in non-tobacco exposure group is less than 1 ng/mL. Conclusion- Tobacco chewing habit is a high-risk factor for oral cancer. Chronic tobacco chewers can be included in the high-risk group for oral cavity cancer. Serum cotinine level can be used as a tumour marker for oral cancer patients.
GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE SILURIAN ROCKS FROM THE EASTERN PART OF MOLDAVIAN PLATFORM (ROMANIA)
Authors:   Ministry of Environment, 12 Libertatii Blv, Bucharest, Romania, COLŢOI Octavian , CULESCU Flori , NICOLAS Gilles
Published: March 2021

The scope of this paper is to assess the hydrocarbon potential of Silurian, respectively, the maturity of this stratigraphical interval, based, especially, of the geological and geophysical data derived from eight boreholes located in the north-eastern part of Moldavian Platform - Romania. The main conclusion is that the organic matter contents measured in the core and cutting samples of the different wells are low with the Organic Carbon (TOC) (residual) mainly clearly lower than 1%. Due to the poorness of the sample and the high maturity the petroleum potential and organic matter cannot be assessed. Estimation of the initial TOC allows to differentiate a richer interval at 24 – 27m thick below the top of Silurian. It shows higher TOC with estimated initial TOC reaching 3.6 % weight at the most. The maturity is high and shows a rapid increase with depth between around 2% at 200m and 4% eq. VRr at 1100m. An estimation of the eroded cap-rock is of around 3000m. Mineral carbon content obtained from Rock Eval permits to separate two lithological intervals: carbonated in the upper part (thickness of 250-300m), argillaceous in the lower part.
EFFECTS OF LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGES ON SOIL EROSION IN SEMI-ARID REGIONS OF TURKEY; A CASE STUDY IN ALMUS LAKE WATERSHED
Authors:   Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Arts and Science Faculty, Department of Geography, Tokat, Turkey, KILIC Orhan Mete
Published: March 2021

Land use and land cover (LULC) changes, which are the major causes of soil erosion in watersheds are important processes of land degradation in the world. Erosion models are useful to investigate temporal changes in the past and estimate the future soil losses that might threat the sustainability of crop production. In this study, temporal changes (between 1990 and 2018) of soil loss under different LULC were investigated in a small watershed located in Almus, Turkey. Universal soil loss equation (USLE) was used to model soil loss in the watershed at a fine spatial resolution using geographic information techniques. Rainfall (R), soil erodibility (K), slope length and steepness (LS) and supporting and conservation practices (P) factors of USLE model were kept constant, while cover and management factor (C) was determined by based on LULC types in 1990 and 2018. Spatial and temporal changes in erosion risk were mapped. The maps obtained indicated that LULC change has have both reducing and increasing effects on erosion risk. The average soil loss in 1990 decreased from 0.312 to 0.308 t ha-1 year-1 in 2018. Coverage of low-risk class areas in the basin increased by 20.19 km2 between 1990 and 2018. The increase in mixed forest cover caused a significant decrease in erosion risk. The results demonstrated that LULC is the driving factor for increasing or decreasing in soil erosion at the watershed. Conversion of forests to agricultural lands disturbed the surface cover and increased the erosion risk. The results revealed the significant impacts of LULC changes on soil erosion potential in the Almus Lake Watershed.
BIODEGRADATION EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL-POLLUTED WATER USING BACTERIA ISOLATES FROM SUNFLOWER HUSK ON FISH GROWTH: PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION USING TAGUCHI APPROACH
Authors:   Unit Operation and Material Science Laboratory, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, POPOOLA Lekan Taofeek , YUSUFF Adeyinka Sikiru
Published: March 2021

Bacteria isolates from sunflower husk were applied for bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated water.Fish weight was monitored in bioremediated water by gravimetric method. Taguchi design matrix was employed for process parameters optimization, which include reaction temperature (20-60oC), inoculums concentration (20-100 CFU/mL), crude oil concentration (50-250 mL/L), reaction time (1-5 hrs), NH4Cl concentration (20-100 mg/L) and K3PO4 concentration (10-50 mg/L) for crude oil degradation and fish growth. Bacteria isolates were characterized by biochemical tests. Water samples were characterized using gas chromatograph-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and carbon-hydrogen-nitrogen (CHN) analysis. Results revealed optimum crude oil degradation of 96.59 ± 0.03 % for 50 mL/L of crude oil in water supplemented with 100 CFU/mL inoculums, 10 mg/L K3PO4 and 10 mg/L NH4Cl at 60oC reaction temperature and 4 hrs reaction time. Also, optimum fish growth of 93.14 ± 0.04 % was achieved in 50 mL/L of crude oil in solution supplemented with 80 CFU/mL inoculums, 10 mg/L K3PO4 and 20 mg/L NH4Cl at 60oC reaction temperature and 5 hrs reaction time. Conclusively, characterization revealed degradation of hydrocarbons in crude oil-contaminated water from heavy into light fractions by the bacteria isolates.
THE EFFECTS OF THE APPLICATIONS OF ZEOLITE AND BIOCHAR TO THE SOILS IRRIGATED WITH TREATED WASTEWATER ON THE HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS OF THE SOILS AND LEACHING WATERS FROM THE SOILS
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey, DEMİR Yasin
Published: March 2021

The reuse of wastewaters for agricultural irrigation is a method used in arid and semi-arid regions. The heavy metal accumulation in soils caused by wastewaters and the heavy metals transported by the waters leaching into the underground from these soils are important environmental issues. The study investigates the effects of Biochar (Bc) and Zeolite (Zt) applications on the heavy metal accumulation in soils (entisol and vertisol) that were irrigated with treated urban wastewater (TWW). The effects of Bc and Zt on the heavy metal concentrations of the leaching water (LW) from the soils were investigated as well. In the study, increasing doses of Bc (1%, 2%, and 4%) and Zt (5%, 10%, and 20%) were mixed into two soil classes of heavy- and fine-textured soils. The mixtures were irrigated with TWW at certain intervals. At the end of the trial, the chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) contents of the samples collected from the soils and leaching irrigation waters were determined. The results revealed that Bc and Zt caused heavy metal accumulation in both soil classes, while they decreased the heavy metal concentrations of the LW. The adsorbents are commonly used as soil amendments and have been determined to cause heavy metal accumulation in soils but reduced the heavy metal concentrations in waters by serving as filters.
SIMULATION EXPERIMENT ON THE EFFECT OF HYDRODYNAMICS ON ALTERATION OF ORTHOCLASE UNDER RESERVOIR CONDITIONS
Authors:   State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, 18 Fuxue Road, Changping, Beijing 102249, China, ZHANG Yongwang , JIANG Shanbin
Published: March 2021

The dissolution of feldspar is the main mechanism for the formation of secondary pores in deep sandstone reservoirs, which is controlled by pore fluid properties and fluid dynamics. The simulation experiment analyzed the effect of different fluid/rock ratios (hydrodynamics) on the orthoclase dissolution kinetics under reservoir diagenesis conditions. The experimental temperature was set at 100°C; the solutions were divided into acetic acid solutions and hydrochloric acid solutions, with pH values at 2 and 4; the reaction time was between 30 days and 80 days. The experimental results show that the fluid/rock ratio is an important factor controlling the feldspar dissolution. The higher the fluid/rock ratio, the stronger the fluid’s ability to dissolve at orthoclase, and the more the release of Al and Si. With the increase of fluid/rock ratio, it is possible to observe more noticeable dissolution characteristics from the feldspar morphology. The lower the fluid/rock ratio, the higher the concentration of Al and Si ions released by orthoclase dissolution, and the easier it is to cause the precipitation of clay minerals, which is not conducive to the improvement of reservoir physical properties. The fluid/rock ratio is an important controlling factor on the formation and distribution of authigenic minerals such as kaolinite. The research results are of great implications in the feldspar dissolution to form secondary pores in the burial diagenesis process. In the sandstone-shale contacts or sandstone reservoirs with good initial physical properties, the strong fluid flow is conducive to the secondary pores formation. The experimental findings are helpful for us to understand better the process and mechanism of feldspar alteration and secondary pores formation.
IMPLEMENTATION OF LAND LEASE AGREEMENT MANAGED BY PT. INDONESIAN RAILWAYS IN THE OPERATING AREA 4 SEMARANG
Authors: Damayanti Evira
Published: March 2021

The right to control from the state over land originates from the right of the Indonesian nation to land, which in essence is an assignment to carry out the duties of the nation's authority which contain elements of public law. PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) may diversify its business by utilizing its land in collaboration with third parties to support its main business. The purpose of this research is to determine the implementation procedure, the form of land lease agreements to the settlement of land lease defaults managed by PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Operation Area 4 Semarang. This research is a sociological juridical research. The results of this research indicate that the implementation of the land lease agreement managed by PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) is carried out by submitting an application to the Executive Vice President of Daop 4 Semarang. If the contents of the contract have been agreed upon by both parties, the contract is made in 2 (two) copies and signed by both parties on a stamp duty. The form and content of the lease agreement is standard in nature, the contents of which are an agreement of two or more parties or a reciprocal standard agreement. Efforts made by PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) if there is default, but the contract period has expired and does not make an extension if 2 (two) months before the due date the tenant has not made an application letter for contract extension, the Asset Management Manager makes a notification letter to the tenant that the contract will end and concerned in order to complete the contract extension process.
Menjadi Bahagia di Jalan Dao (道): Kebahagiaan Sejati menurut Chuang Tzu (Zhuangzi, 莊子)
Authors: Djunatan Stephanus
Published: March 2021

In the last decade, scientists in almost all disciplines often elaborate happiness using interdisciplinary approaches, metodologies, and measurements, both quantitative and qualitative. Beside scientific approaches, one can also explore this topic from the viewpoint of speculative and phenomenological thinking. This viewpoint describes the experiences of happiness by realising empirical and rational knowledge as well as esoteric consciousness of reality as such. It is Chuang Tzu (Zhuangzi), whose thoughts elaborate cognitive and intuitive sides of human mind, who offers a philosophy in order to bring forward an awareness of reality as itself. Chuang Tzu argues for a realisation of conjunction of both cognitive and intuitive capabilities of human mind, as well as its rational and mystical sides. The realisation of both natural capabilities brings about conditions for modern people’s experience of happiness.
Rekonstruksi Identitas Naratif Ricoeurian Etnis Tionghoa melalui Ingatan Kudus Volfian demi Indonesia yang lebih Baik
Authors: Tobing David
Published: March 2021

In Indonesia’s history as a nation, Chinese ethnicity has been victimised, especially during the transitions of power occured in this nation. Among others, the incidents are the 1965 tragedy which signifies transition from “Orde Lama” to “Orde Baru”, and the May 1998 riot which signifies transition of power from “Orde Baru” to Reformation Order. Referring to the incidents, this article analyses the roots of the problem and sees the possibilities to prevent them to happen again. The author of this article presents an argument and a suggestion as follows. First, Chinese ethnicity has become the victim because of a ‘dark’ narration that constructs a narrative identity of the ethnicity as a victim or a wounded self—this dark narration seems to justify the discriminative actions directed to the Chinese individuals. Second, one can respond to this problem by reconstructing a Ricoeurian narrative identity as the form and a Volfian sacred memory as the content, in order to transform the Chinesse narrative identity from a victim or a wounded self into a survivor or a healing self.