bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relasi Quintuple Helix Dalam Membangun Kota Kreatif (Studi Pembangunan Kota Probolinggo Orientasi Kearifan Lokal)
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto , Lailatul Fitria Nurul Jannah
Published: August 2024

Pembangunan diarahkan pada pembangunan berkelanjutan. Khususnya paradigma pengembangan pembangunan nasional berbasis masyarakat. Konsep pembangunan nasional yang diorientasikan bersama masyarakat dilaksanakan dengan pertumbuhan yang diarahkan guna meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat. Pembangunan daerah berkaitan dengan konsep ekonomi keberlanjutan, daya citra kota, fokus arah dan prioritas pembangunan kota, serta kesepakatan dan peran partisipasi masyarakat guna memposisikan energi kreatif menjadi energi utama kota. Salah satu konsep pembangunan adalah kota kreatif. Kategori kota kreatif meliputi potensi ekonomi kreatif, golongan kreatif, dan lingkungan kreatif. Pembangunan kota kreatif juga melibatkan peran dari pihak yang memiliki porsi tugas dengan konsep quintuple helix. Hal ini menarik peneliti melakukan riset mendalam terkait pembangunan kota kreatif di Kota Probolinggo dengan relasi quintuple helix. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan merupakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Lokus riset di Kota Probolinggo. hasil riset menjelaskan relasi quintuple helix pada pembangunan Kota Probolinggo menuju kota kreatif. Relasi Quintuple helix tergolong efektif dalam pembangunan Kota Probolinggo dengan prinsip kota kreatif meliputi akademisi, Pemerintah Kota Probolinggo, pelaku industri, masyarakat Kota Probolinggo, dan lingkungan alami di Kota Probolinggo. Seluruh pihak memiliki peran masing-masing. Model pembangunan kota kreatif di Kota Probolinggo dapat mewujudkan sustainable development dan ekonomi kreatif dengan mengelola kearifan dan potensi lokal.
Biosphere, hydrosphere and noosphere as components of the hypercomplex system of planet Earth. Part 1. Biosphere as a subject of knowledge, subject of popular culture and object of nature conservation
Authors: Kamnev Alexander N.
Published: August 2024

In the first part of the analytical review, the biosphere is considered as a concept of science, culture, politics, as well as the sphere of environmental activities. The history of the formation of the term “biosphere” and its differences in the understanding of E. Suess, V.I. Vernadsky, P. Teilhard de Chardin, N.F. Reimers, in domestic and foreign science and education in general. The special contribution of V.I. is clarified and emphasized. Vernadsky in developing an understanding of this term. Examples are given of the use of the term “biosphere” as an art project, laboratory, museum, or environmental protection object.
Kombinasi Totok Wajah, Rebusan Jahe dan Vitamin B6 terhadap Mual Muntah Ibu Hamil Trimester I
Authors: Noftalina Elsa , Rosita Desy , Mardiati Rini
Published: August 2024

Mual muntah merupakan salah satu ketidaknyamanan yang dialami oleh ibu hamil pada trimester pertama yang terjadi hampir 50% ibu hamil. Berbagai upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi mual muntah pada masa kehamilan bisa dilakukan secara farmakologis, komplementer atau mengkombinasikan keduanya. Beberapa penggunaan terapi komplementer oleh bidan dalam mengatasi mual dan muntah ibu hamil diantaranya yaitu terapi pijat, obat herbal, tehnik relaksasi, suplemen nutrisi, aromaterapi, homeopati akupresur dan akupunktur. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kombinasi totok wajah, rebusan jahe dan vitamin B6 terhadap mual muntah ibu hamil trimester I. Desain penelitian yang digunakan metode eksperimen semu (Quasi Eksperimen) dengan NonEquivalent Pretest and Posttest with Control Group Design. Sampel penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil yang mual dan muntah kategori ringan sampai berat namun tidak dirawat inap di Puskesmas. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 responden yang terdiri dari 10 responden totok wajah, 10 responden rebusan jahe, 10 responden yang hanya mengonsumsi vitamin B6. Sampel diambil dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data mual muntah yaitu menggunakan kuesioner Rhodes Indes Nause, Vomiting and Retching (RINVR). Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Wilcoxon dan Kruskal Wallis. Terdapat perbedaan frekuensi mual muntah ibu hamil sebelum dan sesudah diberikan ketiga intervensi. Terdapat perbedaan median yang signifikan antar ketiga intervensi, dimana kombinasi totok wajah dan vitamin B6 memiliki nilai beda median lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan rebusan jahe dan vitamin B6. Ketiga intervensi dapat mengurangi frekuensi mual muntah ibu hamil trimester I dan memiliki perbedaan median yang signifikan dalam mengurangi frekuensi mual muntah pada ibu hamil trimester I
Identifikasi Molekular Bakteri Endofit dari Akar Pauh (Mangifera sumatrana Miq) dan Aktivitas Antimikrobanya
Authors: Zaunit Muthia Miranda , Verawati Verawati , Irwandi Irwandi , Elfionita Yolla Sarni
Published: August 2024

Bakteri endofit merupakan bakteri yang mampu menghasilkan senyawa-senyawa bioaktif yang sama dengan tanaman inangnya. Salah satunya tumbuhan yang potensial adalah pauh (Mangifera sumatrana Miq.). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengisolasi dan menguji aktivitas antimikroba dari bakteri endofit dari akar pauh terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, dan Candida albicans serta melakukan identifikasi secara molekuler menggunakan gen 16S rRNA terhadap bakteri endofit yang memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terkuat. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan 4 isolat yaitu AL1, Al2, AD1, dan AD2 yang  memiliki karakteristik morfologi berupa bentuk tidak beraturan dan bulat, permukaan timbul datar, tepian nya ada yang bergelombang, bergerigi, dan berserabut, serta warna koloni rata-rata putih susu. Hasil uji aktivitas antimikroba dengan metode Kirby-Bauer terhadap Staphylococcus aureus pada isolat AL1, AD1, dan AD2 maka didapatkan zona hambat sebagai berikut: 11,10 mm, 8,60 mm, dan 8,00 mm. Uji aktivitas terhadap Escherichia coli dan Candida albicans tidak memiliki aktivitas antimikroba. Identifikasi molekuler menunjukkan bahwa isolat AL memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terbesar dan memiliki kemiripan 99,91% dengan Lysinibacillus macrolides.
El capitalismo migratorio y sus raíces históricas: por una lectura marxista del Programa Bracero (1942-1964)
Authors: Schaffhauser Philippe
Published: August 2024

El principal objetivo del artículo es elaborar la historicidad del capitalismo migratorio, que constituye una de las facetas actuales del capital (capitalismo de la vigilancia, verde, financiero, sanitario, etc.). Para ello, se plantea como segundo objetivo una lectura crítica del Programa Bracero (1942-1964), inspirada en el aparato teórico-conceptual marxista, a través de los conceptos de abstracción real y ruptura metabólica. Así, se recurre al método dialéctico para subrayar las tensiones y contradicciones constitutivas de la implementación de dicho programa (como la transformación paulatina del metabolismo del sujeto campesino en jornalero agrícola explotable y su separación progresiva del terruño) y señalar el surgimiento de las migraciones como nueva expresión del trabajo abstracto (cantidad de brazos empleables). El mayor resultado de este artículo radica en que define el Programa Bracero como un hito histórico importante del surgimiento del capitalismo migratorio.
Acute Urinary Retention Due to Non-Peuperal Uterine Inversion - A Case Report
Authors: Ehikioya Eustace , Okoronkwo Chibuzor Andrew , Emodi Obietonbara , Okobi Okelue Edwards , Omolayo Olukunle Samuel , Jarjusey Sanu
Published: August 2024

Non-puerperal uterine inversion (NPUI) is an extremely rare cause of acute urinary retention in women of reproductive age. The delay in diagnosing this rare clinical entity presenting with acute urinary retention further complicates the management. The condition's rarity makes it difficult to carry out a study on its prevalence. Hence, most of the evidence comes from case reports or case series. We present a rare case of uterine inversion complicated by acute urinary retention and severe anemia in a 32-year-old lady who was successfully treated. At first, a vaginal myomectomy was followed by an Ocejo procedure to reposition the uterus, and then a total abdominal hysterectomy was done. This procedure for correction of uterine inversion is rarely done because of fear of inadvertent cystotomy. She did well and was discharged home on the 5th day of operation. Histology confirmed benign uterine fibroid and uterus with endometritis.
Assessing Vitamin D's Impact on Pregnancy Success: A Predictive
Authors: Jiang Songwei , Chen Zushun , Tang Xianyan , Wei Shiyang
Published: August 2024

Background: Infertility, defined as the inability to conceive after at least 12 months of unprotected intercourse, affects up to 15.5% of couples of childbearing age. Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) offers hope for successful pregnancy, though clinical pregnancy rates remain around 40%, with delivery success rates at 20%-30%. Despite numerous influencing factors, age, Antral Follicle Count (AFC), and Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) serve as the current predictors of ART outcomes. However, these indicators lack comprehensive accuracy as they evaluate only specific stages of ART. Emerging research suggests a significant role for Vitamin D in reproductive physiology, yet its impact on the clinical pregnancy rates of in-vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection- embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) remains underexplored.

Purpose: This study analyzes various risk factors affecting clinical pregnancy rates in ART, emphasizing the role of Vitamin D levels in infertile women undergoing IVF/ICSI. We aim to correlate Vitamin D levels with ART-related factors and establish a predictive model for clinical pregnancy outcomes to guide personalized treatment plans and enhance ART success rates.
UPAYA PEMERINTAH DALAM MENGATASI PERMASALAHAN PENGANGGURAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nurahman Agung
Published: August 2024

Fokus kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran terkait upaya pemerintah dalam mengatasi permasalahan pengangguran di Indonesia. Adapun metode penulisan kajian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa: upaya pemerintah dalam mengatasi pengangguran di Indonesia dapat dilakukan melalui beberapa bentuk yaitu (1) tersedianya informasi akurat terkait lapangan pekerjaan; (2) terselenggaranya pelatihan kerja; (3) pengawasan terkait peningkatan mutu pendidikan dan jiwa kewirausahaan; (4) peningkatan sosialisasi terkait literasi informasi berbasis inklusi sosial. Adapun saran yang dapat diberikan oleh penulis yaitu Pemerintah perlu serius dalam mengatasi permasalahan pengangguran di Indonesia dengan mempersiapkan kebijakan, strategi dan langkah konkrit mengatasi permasalahan pengangguran. Pemerintah seyogyanya berkolaborasi dengan perusahaan, lembaga pendidikan dan/atau lembaga pelatihan dalam menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan sehingga mampu menekan angka pengangguran di Indonesia
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM INFORMASI PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI KEPENDUDUKAN (SIAK) DI DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN PENCATATAN SIPIL KOTA BANDUNG PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Aprilia Rezky , Wijaya Raden
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Administrasi Kependudukan (SIAK) pada Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil di Kota Bandung. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif yang bermaksud untuk memahami fenomenal tentang apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian misalnya perilaku, persepsi, tindakan dan lain, secara horistik, dan dengan cara deskripsi dalam bentuk kata-kata dan bahasa pada suatu konteks khusus yang alamiah dan dengan manfaatkan berbagai metode alamiah. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu Wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Informan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 15 orang informan secara acak untuk dijadikan bahan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kurangnya sumber daya manusia dalam mengimbangi tugas yang ada saat ini serta sarana dan prasarana yang masih kurang memadai pelayanan, Perlunya ruang Server dan perlunya aplikasi khusus untuk memonitor kinerja jaringan Kecamatan, Perlunya penguatan Bangunan dan Fungsi Tower SIAK yang ada di Disdukcasipil serta Keterbatasan personil untuk Administrator Database, Networking dan juga HelpDesk SIAK, dan Kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang penggunaan aplikasi SIAK.Kata kunci: Implementasi, Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Administrasi Kependudukan (SIAK)
Carta al editor
Authors: Garmendia-Lorena Fausto
Published: August 2024

Es grato dirigirme a Ud. para comentarle que me pareció muy interesante haber tomado conocimiento que las personas adultas de talla baja de origen congénito tienen una sobrevivencia mayor que las personas de talla alta(1,2). En países desarrollados la mayoría de los pacientes que consulta por talla baja corresponden a retraso constitucional del crecimiento o a una talla baja familiar(3). Un estilo de vida saludable y un ambiente psicosocial favorable, permitirán que el niño desarrolle al máximo su potencial genético.
Diagnóstico precoz de Cáncer Infatil en Perú: Importancia y Estrategias
Authors: Chávez-Paredes Sharon L. , Diaz-Coronado Rosdali , Vásquez-Ponce Liliana
Published: August 2024

El diagnóstico precoz de cáncer infantil es importante para mejorar la supervivencia de los pacientes pediátricos y evitar la alta mortalidad que conlleva el diagnóstico tardío de esta patología. En este artículo de revisión narrativa se presenta la importancia del diagnóstico precoz de cáncer infantil y las diversas estrategias desarrolladas en estos últimos años en América Latina y Perú en conjunto con organizaciones internacionales.
Avances y desafíos en el tratamiento de leucemia linfática aguda en niños: Perspectivas desde un centro de referencia nacional en Perú
Authors: Alarcón-León Sandra , Hernández-Broncano Eddy , García-León Juan Luis
Published: August 2024

El Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN) es un centro de referencia nacional en el Perú donde se trata el mayor número de pacientes pediátricos con leucemia linfática aguda (LLA). Métodos: Pacientes de 1 año hasta menos de 15 años de edad con diagnóstico de LLA que recibieron tratamiento de acuerdo al protocolo ALL intercontinental Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (IC-BFM) 2002 modificado. La Estratificación de riesgo se basó en edad, recuento de leucocitos al debut, compromiso extramedular (SNC, testicular), genética, y respuesta al tratamiento inicial. Resultados: Desde 2014 al 2017 se trataron 652 pacientes, que incluyeron 113 con LLA bajo riesgo, 120 con LLA riesgo intermedio, 308 con LLA alto riesgo y 103 con LLA muy alto riesgo. La tasa de mortalidad durante la inducción fue 4.9% y la tasa de remisión fue 90.8%. La tasa de abandono fue 25.6%. La sobrevida libre de eventos y sobrevida global a los 5 años fue 62.9%±4.1% y 63.7%±3.9%, respectivamente. Conclusiones: Es fundamental difundir información que enfatice la importancia de la LLA en la población pediátrica, promoviendo una sospecha temprana en el primer nivel de atención y facilitando la derivación oportuna a centros especializados.
Sarcoma Primario del Sistema Nervioso Central en Pediatria: Características clínicas y resultados en un centro de referencia nacional en Perú
Authors: Raymundo-Ricalde Sergio , Orduña-Juypa Valeria , Espinoza-Quinteros Iván , Casavilca-Zambrano Sandro , García-León Juan , Diaz-Coronado Rosdali
Published: August 2024

Introducción: Los sarcomas primarios del sistema nervioso central (SNC) son uno de los tumores más raros en pediatría y se ha observado un aumento en la frecuencia de estos casos en Perú. Este artículo describe las características clínicas, demográficas y sobrevida de pacientes pediátricos con esta entidad diagnosticados en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN). Métodos: Estudio de serie de casos de tipo observacional descriptivo de corte longitudinal retrospectivo. Se recolectó data de 51 pacientes de 0-18 años diagnosticados con sarcoma maligno del SNC entre los años 2009 a 2019 en el INEN y se ejecutó el análisis estadístico utilizando el programa STATA. Resultados: La relación masculina/femenino fue de 1,23, el lugar de nacimiento más común fue Lima, la edad promedio fue de 7,6 años y la localización más frecuente fue la supratentorial (96,08%; 49/51). Solo hubo un paciente con metástasis leptomeníngea. Las características clínicas más frecuentes fueron náuseas, vómitos y cefalea y el esquema terapéutico postoperatorio más usado fue el ICE-RT local-ICE. La sobrevida global (SG) a los 5 años fue de 47,06%, y la sobrevida libre de eventos (SLE) fue de 35,19%. Conclusiones: La sobrevida de pacientes con sarcoma primario del SNC en pediatria es baja comparada a otras patologías, se requieren de estudio de factores que puedan influenciar los resultados de este grupo de pacientes.
Semiotic Analysis of the Song Nasida Ria: Representation of Global Themes
Authors: Wahyudi M. Firman , Lukman Fahmi
Published: August 2024

The research entitled "Semiotic Analysis of the Song Nasida Ria: Representation of Global Themes" aims to describe the use of diction and the meaning contained in the lyrics of the song "Perdamaian". The data used in this research is one of the lyrics of Nasida Ria's song. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, the qualitative research was carried out naturally, and was not manipulated by the author and the presence of a writer did not influence the object under study. The research was carried out by collecting data by listening and note-taking techniques. The data is collected in the form of text that has been carefully and carefully selected, which is then classified based on categories and recorded on a data card. The theory used includes the theory of Charles Morris's semiotic analysis. The results of the research entitled "Semiotic Analysis of the Song Nasida Ria: Representation of Global Themes have three parts, namely, first, semantic, discussing the meaning of the language in the song's lyrics, second, pragmatic, also to find out what is meant by the speech in the song's lyrics. And the three syntaxes discuss the language contained in the song so that we can see that there is a meaning or purpose that is intended in the song.
Behind the History and Cultural Value of The Kusmala Inscription at The Airlangga Museum Kediri
Authors: Hartatik Rista , Ahmad Ruslan  , Sri Utami  , Afan Faizin  , Haerussaleh
Published: August 2024

Culture is all the results of human work, feelings and creations, namely the entire complex way of life, including knowledge, belief, art, morals, customary law and all other abilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society. One of the cultural relics is the Kusmala inscription at the Airlangga Kediri Museum. Philology can be interpreted as love of words or it can also be a love of speaking, speaking with arguments. That is the reason why philologists always play around and like words and texts. This research is qualitative research. This research aims to examine the cultural values of the Kusmala inscription. Data collection was carried out using test and interview methods. This research aims to analyze the contents of the Kusmala inscription, as for the informant named Novi BMW. Research data analysis is descriptive. The results of this research discuss cultural values, as well as the meaning contained in the Kusmala inscription
Keabsahan Pemakaian Yurisprudensi Dalam Perkara Perkawinan Beda Agama Pada Putusan Hakim Nomor 916/PDT.P/2022 PN. Surabaya
Authors: Fathoni Achmad , Ulum Miftahul
Published: August 2024

Perkawinan Beda Agama merupakan masalah klasik dalam hukum di Indonesia. Selalu terjadi pro dan kontra dalam masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat yang beragama Islam kawin dengan selain agama Islam. Kasus terbaru yakni terjadinya perkawinan beda agama yang disetujui oleh Pengadilan Negeri Surabaya dengan putusan nomor 916/Pdt.P/2022. Dalam sejarah penyelesaian perkawinan beda agama, hakim selalu merujuk pada yurisprudensi Putusan MA No. 1400K/PDT/1986 yang membolehkan catatan sipil untuk mencatat perkawinan beda agama. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sebenarnya aturan penggunanan yuriprudensi dalam pengambilan putusan hakim dan menganalisa keabsahan penggunanan yurisprudensi dalam perkara perkawinan beda agama PN Surabaya nomor 916/Pdt.P/2022. Studi ini adalah studi pustaka dengan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis normatif-yuridis. Kesimpulan dari studi ini adalah pada dasarnya hakim boleh dan sah menggunakan yurisprudensi dalam putusannya asalkan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku, dalam hal ini yaitu adanya kekosongan hukum yang mengatur terkait perkawinan beda agama. Adapun untuk meredam pro dan kontra pada masyarakat dan memberikan kepastian hukum, maka perlu dibuat peraturan yang tegas terkait status hukum perkawinan beda agama.
The duct of von Ebner’s glands is a source of Sox10+ taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections
Authors: Yu Wenxin , Kastriti Maria Eleni , Ishan Mohamed , Choudhary Saurav Kumar , Rashid Md Mamunur , Kramer Naomi , Do Hy Gia Truong , Wang Zhonghou , Xu Ting , Schwabe Robert F. , Ye Kaixiong , Adameyko Igor , Liu Hong-Xiang
Published: August 2024

Introduction

We have recently demonstrated that Sox10-expressing (Sox10+) cells give rise to mainly type-III neuronal taste bud cells that are responsible for sour and salt taste. The two tissue compartments containing Sox10+ cells in the surrounding of taste buds include the connective tissue core of taste papillae and von Ebner’s glands (vEGs) that are connected to the trench of circumvallate and foliate papillae.

Methods

In this study, we performed single cell RNA-sequencing of the epithelium of Sox10-Cre/tdT mouse circumvallate/vEG complex and used inducible Cre mouse models to map the cell lineages of vEGs and/or connective tissue (including stromal and Schwann cells).

Results

Transcriptomic analysis indicated that Sox10 expression was enriched in the cell clusters of vEG ducts that contained abundant proliferating cells, while Sox10-Cre/tdT expression was enriched in type-III taste bud cells and vEG ductal cells. In vivo lineage mapping showed that the traced cells were distributed in circumvallate taste buds concurrently with those in the vEGs, but not in the connective tissue. Moreover, multiple genes encoding pathogen receptors were enriched in the vEG ducts hosting Sox10+ cells.

Discussion

Our data supports that it is the vEGs, not connective tissue core, that serve as the niche of Sox10+ taste bud progenitors. If this is also true in humans, our data indicates that vEG duct is a source of Sox10+ taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections.
Men with a history of commercial heterosexual contact play essential roles in the transmission of HIV-1 CRF55_01B from men who have sex with men to the general population in Guangxi, China
Authors: Luo Tong , Zhang Fei , Liang Huayue , Yu Dee , Cen Ping , Zhong Shanmei , Qin Cai , Yang Yuan , Jiang Jiaxiao , Liao Yanyan , Li Mu , Zhang Rongjing , Li Zeyu , Lin Zhifeng , Ye Li , Liang Hao , Liang Bingyu
Published: August 2024

Background

There is increasing focus on HIV-1 CRF55_01B in China. However, there is limited information regarding the dissemination of CRF55_01B across different regions and populations in Guangxi. This study was performed to elucidate the evolutionary history of the introduction and dissemination of CRF55_01B in Guangxi.

Methods

Molecular network and phylogenetic analyses were used to investigate the transmission characteristics of CRF55_01B in China. The analyses particularly focused on the cross-provincial spatial and temporal transmission patterns between Guangdong Province and Guangxi, as well as the transmission dynamics among different regions and populations within Guangxi.

Results

In total, 2226 partial pol sequences of CRF55_01B strains sampled from 2007 to 2022 were collected, including 1895 (85.09%) sequences from Guangdong, 199 (8.94%) sequences from Guangxi, and 172 (7.59%) sequences from other provinces of China. Most people living with HIV in Guangxi were infected with HIV-1 through heterosexuals (52.76%). Among these, 19.10% had a history of commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) and 15.58% had a history of non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC). Overall, 1418 sequences were identified in the molecular network. Notably, the sequences from Guangdong Province were most closely linked to those from Guangxi. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CRF55_01B was first introduced from Shenzhen City to Nanning City around 2007. Subsequently, CRF55_01B established local transmission within Guangxi, with Nanning City serving as the transmission center from 2008 to 2017. After 2017, the CRF55_01B strain spread to other regions of Guangxi. Men who have sex with men (MSM) and men with a history of CHC have played a significant role in the transmission of CRF55_01B among different populations in Guangxi.

Conclusions

This study provides evidence on the transmission trajectory of CRF55_01B among different regions and populations in Guangxi. Given the bridging role of men with a history of CHC in the dissemination of CRF55_01B from MSM to the general population, it is imperative to enhance surveillance among key populations to mitigate the secondary transmission of HIV-1.
ERA-CRISPR/Cas12a system: a rapid, highly sensitive and specific assay for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Gan Tian , Yu Jianwei , Deng Zhongliang , He Jun
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of human tuberculosis, poses a significant threat to global public health and imposes a considerable burden on the economy. However, existing laboratory diagnostic methods for M. tuberculosis are time-consuming and have limited sensitivity levels.

Methods

The CRISPR/Cas system, commonly known as the “gene scissors”, demonstrates remarkable specificity and efficient signal amplification capabilities. Enzymatic recombinase amplification (ERA) was utilized to rapidly amplify trace DNA fragments at a consistent temperature without relying on thermal cyclers. By integrating of CRISPR/Cas12a with ERA, we successfully developed an ERA-CRISPR/Cas12a detection system that enables rapid identification of M. tuberculosis.

Results

The sensitivity of the ERA-CRISPR/Cas12a fluorescence and lateral flow systems was 9 copies/μL and 90 copies/μL, respectively. Simultaneously, the detection system exhibited no cross-reactivity with various of respiratory pathogens and non-tuberculosis mycobacteria, demonstrating a specificity of 100%. The positive concordance rate between the ERA-CRISPR/Cas12a fluorescence system and commercial qPCR was 100% in 60 clinical samples. Meanwhile, the lateral flow system showed a positive concordance rate of 93.8% when compared to commercial qPCR. Both methods demonstrated a negative concordance rate of 100%, and the test results can be obtained in 50 min at the earliest.

Discussion

The ERA-CRISPR/Cas12a system offers a rapid, sensitive, and specific method that presents a novel approach to laboratory diagnosis of M. tuberculosis.
Traditionally feminine hobbies and engineering aptitudes
Authors: Peters Diane , Lucietto Anne
Published: August 2024

In the past, there was a widely held belief that women lacked the aptitude for STEM careers, including engineering. Activities traditionally associated with women were perceived as less technical and rigorous than those associated with men. “Masculine” hobbies like woodworking and metalworking were seen as good preparation for engineering. In contrast, traditionally feminine hobbies like sewing, quilting, and knitting were considered preparation for homemaking. However, many traditionally feminine crafts require and develop mathematical knowledge and technical aptitudes, which are essential for success in engineering. This paper explores parallels between traditionally feminine crafts and technical aptitude. By analyzing information from various sources, including books and magazines related to these crafts, we demonstrate how these activities can develop technical aptitudes and explain this in the context of career theory, which is fundamental in comprehending how individuals navigate their professional paths. Childhood, early adult, and later experiences, such as engaging in craft and hobby activities, can significantly impact skill development that carries over into other phases of life. According to career construction theory, individuals actively shape their careers through various self-regulatory competencies. This theory posits that career adaptability, a key competency, can enhance job crafting behaviors, ultimately increasing work engagement. By understanding how these activities can enhance technical aptitudes, the engineering community can better identify and support individuals who may have a natural inclination for engineering, broadening our perception of what engineering aptitude looks like and encouraging individuals from diverse backgrounds, including a greater proportion of women, to pursue engineering careers.
Single-center external validation and reconstruction of multiple predictive models for skip lateral lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Li Qi , Huang Can , Zou Hongrui , Zhang Jiaping , Xin Jingwei
Published: August 2024

Objective

The unique metastatic pattern of skip lateral lymph node metastasis (SLLNM) in PTC patients may lead to missed diagnosis of lateral cervical metastatic lymph nodes. Therefore, many different SLLNM prediction models were constructed. In this study, partially eligible models (Hu 2020, Wang 2020, and Zhao 2023 nomograms) were selected for external validation, and then new variables were incorporated for model reconstruction to extend clinical applicability.

Methods

576 PTC patients from our center were selected to evaluate the performance of the three nomograms using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), calibration curves, and decision curve analyses (DCA). Three new variables were added to calibrate the model, including assessment of LN status on ultrasound (US-SLLNM), the distance from the tumor to the capsule (Capsular distance), and the number of central lymph node dissections (CLND number). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to screen independent predictors to reconstruct the model, and 1000 Bootstrap internal validations were performed.

Results

SLLNM were present in 69/576 patients (12.0%). In external validation, the area under the ROC curves (AUCs) for Hu 2020, Wang 2020, and Zhao 2023 nomograms were 0.695 (95% CI:0.633-0.766), 0.792 (95% CI=0.73-0.845), and 0.769 (95% CI:0.713-0.824), respectively. The calibration curves for the three models were overall poorly fitted; DCA showed some net clinical benefit. Model differentiation and net clinical benefit improved by adding three new variables. Based on multivariate analysis, female, age, and maximum tumor diameter ≤ 10 mm, located at the upper pole, Capsular distance < 0mm, US-SLLNM, CLND number ≤ 5 were identified as independent predictors of SLLNM and were used to construct the new model. After 1000 Bootstrap internal validations, the mean AUC of the model was 0.870 (95% CI:0.839-0.901), the calibration curve was close to the ideal curve, and the net clinical benefit was significant.

Conclusion

Overall, these nomograms were well differentiated and provided some net clinical benefit, but with varying degrees of underestimation or overestimation of the actual risk and high false-negative rates. New dynamic nomogram was constructed based on the addition of new variables and larger samples, showing better performance.
Association of remnant cholesterol with sarcopenia in Korean adults: a nationwide population-based study using data from the KNHANES
Authors: Jang Soo Yeon , Hwang Soon-Young , Jang Ahreum , Kim Kyeong Jin , Yu Ji Hee , Kim Nam Hoon , Yoo Hye Jin , Kim Nan Hee , Baik Sei Hyun , Choi Kyung Mook
Published: August 2024

Background

Mounting evidence indicates the importance of the interplay between skeletal muscles and lipid metabolism. Remnant cholesterol (remnant-C) is considered one of the principal residual risk factors for cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders; however, there are limited studies on the impact of remnant-C on sarcopenia.

Methods

Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) between 2008 and 2011 were used in this nationwide population-based study. In total, 17,408 participants were enrolled in this study. The subjects were categorized into four groups according to the quartile of remnant-C values. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association between remnant-C and muscle mass measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Results

A total of 1,791 participants (10.3%) presented low muscle mass, and there was a sequential increase in the percentage of low muscle mass across remnant-C quartiles (Q1, 5.2%; Q2, 8.7%; Q3, 11.5%; Q4, 15.7%). In the full adjusted model, those in the highest remnant-C quartile group showed significantly increased odds ratio (OR) for low muscle mass compared with those in the lowest remnant-C group after adjusting for various confounding factors (OR = 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.06–1.68, P <0.05). A wide range of subgroups and sensitivity analyses showed consistent results, supporting the robustness of our findings.

Conclusions

Increased remnant-C value was associated with a high risk of low muscle mass in the Korean population. Remnant-C may be a novel marker for the prediction and management of sarcopenia in aging societies.
Progress in green hydrogen adoption in the African context
Authors: Obanor Enoch I. , Dirisu Joseph O. , Kilanko Oluwaseun O. , Salawu Enesi Y. , Ajayi Oluseyi O.
Published: August 2024

Hydrogen is an abundant element and a flexible energy carrier, offering substantial potential as an environmentally friendly energy source to tackle global energy issues. When used as a fuel, hydrogen generates only water vapor upon combustion or in fuel cells, presenting a means to reduce carbon emissions in various sectors, including transportation, industry, and power generation. Nevertheless, conventional hydrogen production methods often depend on fossil fuels, leading to carbon emissions unless integrated with carbon capture and storage solutions. Conversely, green hydrogen is generated through electrolysis powered by renewable energy sources like solar and wind energy. This production method guarantees zero carbon emissions throughout the hydrogen’s lifecycle, positioning it as a critical component of global sustainable energy transitions. In Africa, where there are extensive renewable energy resources such as solar and wind power, green hydrogen is emerging as a viable solution to sustainably address the increasing energy demands. This research explores the influence of policy frameworks, technological innovations, and market forces in promoting green hydrogen adoption across Africa. Despite growing investments and favorable policies, challenges such as high production costs and inadequate infrastructure significantly hinder widespread adoption. To overcome these challenges and speed up the shift towards a sustainable hydrogen economy in Africa, strategic investments and collaborative efforts are essential. By harnessing its renewable energy potential and establishing strong policy frameworks, Africa can not only fulfill its energy requirements but also support global initiatives to mitigate climate change and achieve sustainable development objectives.
Does the Belt and Road Initiative reduce smog pollution in key provinces along the route?
Authors: Jiang Jingao , Wu Maoguo
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the impact of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on reducing smog pollution in key provinces along the route. Utilizing data from 284 prefecture-level cities in China from 2007 to 2018, this study adopted a propensity score matching-difference-in-differences approach, and conducted a series of robustness checks. The results indicate that the BRI has overall reduced particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) levels in key provinces along the route, and robustness checks find consistent results. Dynamic effect tests reveal a significant reduction in the annual average PM2.5 levels in key provinces along the route after the BRI was implemented in 2014. Tests on underlying mechanism find that the BRI mainly reduced PM2.5 levels in key provinces along the route by promoting technological innovation and optimizing industrial structure. Furthermore, heterogeneity tests find that the BRI significantly reduced PM2.5 levels only in cities of key provinces along the Silk Road Economic Belt, with variations in significance due to regional differences, city administrative levels, and marketization. In addition, the BRI has enhanced green total factor productivity in key provinces along the route by reducing PM2.5 levels. This study enriches research on the economic consequences of the BRI in terms of environmental protection, and also provides empirical support for the construction of the green “Belt and Road.”
In vivo liver targeted genome editing as therapeutic approach: progresses and challenges
Authors: Simoni Chiara , Barbon Elena , Muro Andrés F. , Cantore Alessio
Published: August 2024

The liver is an essential organ of the body that performs several vital functions, including the metabolism of biomolecules, foreign substances, and toxins, and the production of plasma proteins, such as coagulation factors. There are hundreds of genetic disorders affecting liver functions and, for many of them, the only curative option is orthotopic liver transplantation, which nevertheless entails many risks and long-term complications. Some peculiar features of the liver, such as its large blood flow supply and the tolerogenic immune environment, make it an attractive target for in vivo gene therapy approaches. In recent years, several genome-editing tools mainly based on the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system have been successfully exploited in the context of liver-directed preclinical or clinical therapeutic applications. These include gene knock-out, knock-in, activation, interference, or base and prime editing approaches. Despite many achievements, important challenges still need to be addressed to broaden clinical applications, such as the optimization of the delivery methods, the improvement of the editing efficiency, and the risk of on-target or off-target unwanted effects and chromosomal rearrangements. In this review, we highlight the latest progress in the development of in vivo liver-targeted genome editing approaches for the treatment of genetic disorders. We describe the technological advancements that are currently under investigation, the challenges to overcome for clinical applicability, and the future perspectives of this technology.
Evaluation of inflammatory biomarkers and their association with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers in healthcare workers vaccinated with BNT162B2
Authors: Leno-Duran Ester , Serrano-Conde Esther , Salas-Rodríguez Ana , Salcedo-Bellido Inmaculada , Barrios-Rodríguez Rocío , Fuentes Ana , Viñuela Laura , García Federico , Requena Pilar
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Vaccine-induced immunity against COVID-19 generates antibody and lymphocyte responses. However, variability in antibody titers has been observed after vaccination, and the determinants of a better response should be studied. The main objective of this investigation was to analyze the inflammatory biomarker response induced in healthcare workers vaccinated with BNT162b2, and its association with anti-Spike (a SARS-CoV-2 antigen) antibodies measured throughout a 1-year follow-up.

Methods

Anti-spike antibodies and 92 biomarkers were analyzed in serum, along with socio-demographic and clinical variables collected by interview or exploration.

Results

In our study, four biomarkers (ADA, IL-17C, CCL25 and CD8α) increased their expression after the first vaccine dose; and 8 others (uPA, IL-18R1, EN-RAGE, CASP-8, MCP-2, TNFβ, CD5 and CXCL10) decreased their expression. Age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, and prevalent diseases were associated with some of these biomarkers. Furthermore, higher baseline levels of T-cell surface glycoprotein CD6 and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were associated with lower mean antibody titers at follow-up, while levels of monocyte chemotactic protein 2 (MCP-2) had a positive association with antibody levels. Age and BMI were positively related to baseline levels of MCP-2 (β=0.02, 95%CI 0.00-0.04, p=0.036) and HGF (β=0.03, 95%CI 0.00-0.06, p=0.039), respectively.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that primary BNT162b2 vaccination had a positive effect on the levels of several biomarkers related to T cell function, and a negative one on some others related to cancer or inflammatory processes. In addition, a higher level of MCP-2 and lower levels of HGF and CD6 were found to be associated with higher anti-Spike antibody titer following vaccination.
Role of UFMylation in tumorigenesis and cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Ding Li-juan , Jiang Xin , Li Te , Wang Shudong
Published: August 2024

Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) represent a crucial aspect of cellular regulation, occurring after protein synthesis from mRNA. These modifications, which include phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, methylation, glycosylation, Sumoylation, and palmitoylation, play pivotal roles in modulating protein function. PTMs influence protein localization, stability, and interactions, thereby orchestrating a variety of cellular processes in response to internal and external stimuli. Dysregulation of PTMs is linked to a spectrum of diseases, such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. UFMylation, a type of PTMs, has recently gained prominence for its regulatory role in numerous cellular processes, including protein stability, response to cellular stress, and key signaling pathways influencing cellular functions. This review highlights the crucial function of UFMylation in the development and progression of tumors, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target. Moreover, we discuss the pivotal role of UFMylation in tumorigenesis and malignant progression, and explore its impact on cancer immunotherapy. The article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of biological functions of UFMylation and propose how targeting UFMylation could enhance the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy strategies.
Benthic responses to organic enrichment under a mussel (Mytilus edulis) farm
Authors: Lavoie Marie-France , Lacoste Élise , Weise Andrea M. , McKindsey Christopher W.
Published: August 2024

Bivalve culture is know to affect some interactions between the water column and the benthic environment with the organic enrichment. An in situ mesocosms experiment was used to determine the influence of mussel biodeposition on the benthic ecosystem in St. Peters Bay, Prince Edward Island, eastern Canada. Eight mussel densities (0 to 2266 mussels m-2) were placed above mesocosms to reproduce the organic enrichment from a mussel farm over 12 weeks. The experimental procedure created an accumulation of organic matter on the seafloor with increasing mussel densities. Some benthic parameters had the predicted response to organic enrichment, with the presence of anoxic sediment in sediment profile images, increased water and organic matter content, and reduced infaunal abundance and species richness. Other parameters, including redox potential, total free sulfides, and the response of the biotic index AMBI, had inconsistent responses to mussel biodeposition-related organic enrichment. Given that other studies done in other locations have observed varying results, results suggest that measurement of various parameters is important to interpret the influence of deposition from mussel farms. The conditions of the site and the study duration are also parameters to consider when evaluating the results from mesocosm studies. Results from this study also suggest that St. Peters Bay is likely impacted by biodeposition from the mussels farmed there.
Relationship between serum vitamin C and serum uric acid in people with different BMIs: results from the NHANES 2017–2018 and Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Jiajie , Jiang Hejun , Fu Guanghui , Wu Zou , Yao Yukai , Sun Jie
Published: August 2024

Objective

To examine the association of overweight/obesity and serum vitamin C (serum VC) with serum uric acid (SUA) and to assess causality using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods

4,772 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2017–2018 were included in this study. Multivariate linear regression, variance inflation factor and quantile regression were used to analyze the relationships between overweight/obesity and serum VC and SUA levels. Secondly, Mendelian randomization (MR) was utilized to mitigate bias and prevent reverse causality in the observational study. Genetic variants associated with obesity (N = 13,848), vitamin C levels (N = 64,979) and serum uric acid levels (N = 343,836) were sourced from the most extensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The primary analytical method employed was inverse variance weighted (IVW).

Results

Based on the observational study, BMI was positively associated with SUA (β = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.07, p < 0.001) and serum VC was negatively associated with SUA (β = −0.14, 95% CI: −0.23 to −0.04, p = 0.005). In individuals with overweight/obesity (BMI > =25), the negative effects of serum VC on SUA enhanced with increasing serum VC. High serum VC level (Q4 level, above 1.19 mg/dL) reduced SUA (β = −0.30, 95% CI: −0.47 to −0.14, p < 0.001) in individuals with overweight/obesity compared to low serum VC level (Q1 level, below 0.54 mg/dL). IVW-MR analysis revealed a significant association between SUA levels and genetically elevated levels of VC (β = −0.03, 95% CI: −0.06 to −0.00, p = 0.029) and obesity (β = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.07, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Cross-sectional observational analysis revealed that BMI exhibited a positive correlation with SUA levels and that serum VC was negatively correlated with SUA levels; moreover, moderate serum VC can reduce SUA, especially in individuals with overweight/obesity. There was evidence indicating a causal effect of VC and obesity on SUA. It highlights the importance of VC in the management of SUA levels, particularly in overweight/obese individuals. The findings might be helpful for the management of high SUA levels.
Pulse crops: nutrient density, affordability, and environmental impact
Authors: Drewnowski Adam , Conrad Zach
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Sustainable foods need to be nutrient-rich, affordable, environmentally friendly, and socially acceptable. Pulses, which include beans, lentils, chickpeas, and dried peas are a food group that can fit all those criteria.

Methods

These concepts were tested serially using nutrient profiling methods that focused on protein and were extended to include food prices, greenhouse gas emissions, and energy demand. The present sustainability analyses were based on the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) nutrient composition and food prices data. Environmental impact data came from life cycle assessments (LCA). First, the USDA Protein Foods Group was disaggregated into animal and plant proteins. Plant proteins were separated into pulses, soy products, and nuts and seeds.

Results

Pulses were among the lowest-cost protein sources (per 100 g and per 100 kcal) and had the lowest greenhouse gas emissions GHGE and energy demand. Pulses were among the most sustainable foods when monetary and energy costs were expressed per 50 g of protein (equivalent to 100% DV). Pulses scored well on the Nutrient Rich Food (NRF9.3) nutrient profiling system and on the related Affordable Nutrition Index that assessed nutrient density per penny.

Discussion

Pulses are a source of low-cost plant-based protein and a variety of priority vitamins and minerals, have low carbon footprint and energy demand, and are a valued culinary ingredient across diverse regions and cultures. As dietary guidance turns to plant-based diets, pulses need to be integrated into the global sustainability framework.