bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the Health-Related Fitness Model
Authors: Sheila Dwi Loviani  , Yudha M Saputra  , Hamidie Ronald  , Nurlan Kusmaedi
Published: March 2022

This study aims to see the effect of providing a health-related fitness model on the physical improvement and physical activity of SMK students. The method used in this study was experimental with a randomized control group pretest-posttest design. The sample used a random cluster sampling technique by selecting the experimental group and the control group, consisting of 33 students aged 16-17 years. The instruments used in this study were physical fitness test instruments, namely the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The results showed this study indicates a change in students' understanding of the HRF model before and after treatment; there is an effect of using the HRF model on physical fitness tests and active lifestyles. There is a significant relationship between understanding HRF, physical fitness, and an active lifestyle of 0.457, which is sufficient. There was an effect of Health-related fitness on physical fitness and students' busy lifestyles. A good Health Related Fitness can have a significant impact both on yourself and on fellow friends, relatives, family, and other general public.
Asean School Games Tennis Referee Anxiety
Authors: Jatra Rices , Rezki Rezki
Published: March 2022

Leading the match is not easy. Nowadays, there are many obstacles when leading the competition, starting from the regional to the international level. There are errors that sometimes we can't immediately conclude what the cause is. One of the causes of mistakes in leading the match is anxiety, whereby having a solid level of anxiety. There can be fear in deciding something, especially the large number of spectators, coaches, Referees who always watch the match and other officials, and internal factors that are said to be from within or extrinsic. This study aims to see the anxiety of tennis referees on duty at the Asean Schools Games in the field tennis branch. This research is a quantitative descriptive study conducted at the Tri Competition Juang Tennis Court in Semarang in September 2019. The data was collected using the anxiety questionnaire method. Population The total number of referees on duty in the Asean Schools Games in the Tennis Court is 16 people. The sampling technique used was total sampling. The data that has been collected from the results of the research test get the following results: (1) the level of anxiety of the tennis referee when leading the Asian school games is in the moderate category, (2) the intrinsic factors that affect anxiety are in the "moderate" category, and (3 ) extrinsic factors that also influence the anxiety that arises in a referee are in the "moderate" category. The conclusion from the data results is that the average level of anxiety from the two factors, namely the intrinsic factor and the extrinsic factor, is in the "moderate" category. It can be concluded that tennis referees continue to improve cognitive control, especially anxiety. So that anxiety will be more controlled and can lead the match well
Supervisor perception of virtual-based supervision development for physical education teachers
Authors: Saputra Yudha Munajat , Paramitha Sandey Tantra , Ramadhan Muhammad Gilang
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The presence of modern technology today reaches all aspects of life, including teachers' supervision, developed through a touch of technology. One of them is the supervision of a teacher learning system for their students on a virtual basis. This study aimed to analyze the supervisor's perception of the need to develop a virtual-based supervision model that the researcher would create. The development of this supervision model is necessary because it is considered that currently, supervision has not been running optimally and effectively. Therefore, before the development of the supervision model, the researchers conducted a needs analysis. Methods: The method used was a qualitative research approach, with interviews and document studies as data collection techniques to gain what supervisors wanted and needed in increasing teacher supervision. The subjects of this study were the supervisors of education in West Java Province. Results: The results of this study found that supervisors need to develop a supervision model to increase the supervision of teachers. Of course, the supervisors agreed with the development of virtual-based supervision. So that supervision will be something needed by supervisors. Conclusions: Based on the need for optimization and the effectiveness of supervision, the supervisor's perception indicates that they strongly agree with this development.
Motivation Patterns of Cyclists in the New-Normal Era
Authors: Karisman Vicki Ahmad
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to determine the motivation pattern of the riders of mountain bikes, road bikes, and folding bikes in the new-normal era. The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative. The participants of this study were 258 cyclists in Bandung. The data was collected through a Sport Motivation Scale-6 questionnaire. This study indicates that there is no significant difference between the motivation of mountain bike, road bike, and folding bike riders. However, there is a substantial difference in income indicators in sociodemography, especially for road bike riders, while mountain bike and folding bike riders do not have any significant differences. This study shows that the motivation patterns of cyclists impact the cycling activities undertaken.
The Somatotype of Martial Athletes in the Fighter Category Against Achievement
Authors: Suryadi Didi , Gustian Uray , Fauzia Ella
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the somatotype of the Tarung Derajat martial arts athlete in the Fighter category on achievement. Quantitative descriptive research using survey method. Anthropometric manual tests and measurements to determine the athlete's body type. The research sample consisted of 8 male athletes and 7 female Tarung Derajat Fighters in the West Kalimantan category, held at the Satlat Mujahiddin, Pontianak City. The data obtained in the field is the results of the somatotype measurement test and the achievement of Tarung Derajat athletes, then analyzed using descriptive percentages to analyze. The study results were 46% with endomorph mesomorph body type, 40% central, 7% endomorph, and 7% ectomorph mesomorph with local, national, and international achievements. The conclusion is that there is no influence between the somatotypes of the Tarung Derajat martial arts athletes in the Fighter category on achievement.
How Self-Perception and Parental Involvement Correlate to Enjoyment in Playing Basketball
Authors: Novan Novrizal Achmad , Rizka Risjanna Masayu , Putri Wulandari
Published: March 2022

Psychological aspects, such as self-perception and parental involvement, are essential for child development and school-age basketball athlete achievements. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-perception and parental involvement of the students and their enjoyment of playing basketball. The method used in this study was the quantitative method using a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted in 2021. The population involved school-age basketball athletes aged 12 to 14 years from 6 Basketball Clubs in Bandung and the parents of the athletes involved in the training process. The Physical Self Perception Profile for Children (PSPP-C), Parental Involvement in Sport Questionnaire (PISQ), and Source of Enjoyment in Youth Sport Questionnaire (SEYSQ-H) were the three questionnaires used in this study. Bivariate analysis of this study used the chi-square test. The chi-square test showed that the self-perception variable and parental involvement variable each had indicated a significant relationship with playing enjoyment. The results showed that f = 45 (37.5%) had a poor playing enjoyment and f = 75 45 (62.5%) had a reasonable playing enjoyment. Athletes who lack self-perception and parental involvement have a higher risk of experiencing less delight in playing basketball than athletes who have good self-perceptions and parental involvement.
Semarang Citizens’ Culture And Psychosocial Behavior In Physical Activity At The Fitness Center
Authors: Wargama I Made Dwi Sastra , Soegiyanto Soegiyanto , Hadi Hadi
Published: March 2022

With the lack of public knowledge in physical activities, some people worry and excessively do not have self-confidence; everyone has different attitudes, behaviors, personalities, and needs. The purpose of this study is to determine the culture and psychosocial behavior of Semarang City's citizens in carrying out physical activities at the fitness center. This study was done using the qualitative method. The purposive sampling techniques were used to determine the respondent and the data sources obtained from 29 respondents. The data was collected using observation, documentation, and interview techniques. Source triangulation, method triangulation, and peer discussion were used to check the validity of the data. Meanwhile, the data analysis procedure was done through the stages of various data sources, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The result of this study is that the culture of doing physical activity in the fitness center of West Semarang District has moral, attitude, and physical aspects. For psychosocial, there are psychological and social aspects. From Ericson's eight stages of development, there are three groups of age stages, namely stage V Adolescent (12-20 years), stage VI Early Adult (20-40), and stage VII Middle Adult (40-65).
Analysis of the Contribution of Rhythmic Movement Ability Assessment Components in a Virtual Gymnastics Competition
Authors: Yudho Firdaus Hendry Prabowo , Kemala Aisya , Mulyono Aris , Santos Maria Herlinda Dos , Hasanuddin Muhammad Iqbal , Dwi Dicky Reva Apriana Sanga
Published: March 2022

The study aimed to investigate the relationship and influence between following movement (FM) and Movement Technic (MT) variables on general performance (GP) performances conducted by participants in virtual gymnastics competitions (n=361) organized by the Ministry of Youth and Sports during the pandemic in 2020. Research is conducted through quantitative approaches, descriptive analysis and linear regression hypothesis tests to determine the relationships and influences between these variables. Statistical analysis conducted resulted in significant relationship findings and forces between independent FM, and MT, variables on GP dependent variables. The study concluded a strong p.977 positive relationship between variables in the influence of ability to follow movements on general appearance and a negative .987 negative relationship between motion techniques and public appearance in assessing virtual exercise competition.
Development and Validation of UNSIL Basketball Guide (PUBbG) Applications Based on Android
Authors: Rubiana Iman , Indrawan Budi , Malik Arief Abdul
Published: March 2022

This research aims to develop and validate the Android-based Unsil Basketball Guide (PUBbG) application. The method used in this research is the Research and Development method. Three experts were involved in validating the design and feasibility of the android application made and user validation by 66 students using the proportional random sampling technique. The instruments used are media and material expert validation instruments and user validation instruments using the System Usability Scale (SUS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques. The results showed that the overall application validity test results obtained percentages of 84%, 80%, and 90%, which means that the developed application is valid and feasible to use. The results of user validity using the SUS score are in the excellent category with a value of 72.95, and the results of the application effectiveness assessment based on a user survey get 8.68 results, which means that the application is practical to be able to improve the basic techniques of Bolabakset. This study concludes that the application product that has been made is in the appropriate category based on the results of expert evaluations and is effective for improving basic basketball techniques based on survey results to users.
The Impact of Covid-19 on Online Learning Motivation in Sports Massage Learning
Authors: Tri Widhiyanti Komang Ayu , Rusitayanti Ni Wayan Ary , Ariawati Ni Wayan
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on online learning motivation, specifically for sports massage courses. The research design used in this study was Posttest Only Control Group Design. The samples were all students of the sixth semester of the Physical Education and Health Study Program, Universitas PGRI Mahadewa Indonesia, totaling 71 people. Research results in supporting an exciting learning process during a pandemic are highly demanded (1) lecturer skills in learning and developing knowledge that makes learning enjoyable, (2) student motivation in participating in learning is the key to success in the massage learning process, (3) supporting facilities online learning is the following key in the learning process during. The conclusion of this research is in carrying out learning practices and using engaging learning media that can provoke students' enthusiasm in the implementation of learning.
Rancang Bangun Game Edukasi Pengenalan Bagian-Bagian Tumbuhan untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar Berbasis Android
Authors: Satria Eri , Septiana Yosep , Ramadhan Rizda
Published: March 2022

Game edukasi yang dibuat dengan menerapkan teknologi multimedia dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media untuk menyampaikan sebuah informasi yang dikemas secara interaktif yang cocok digunakan untuk siswa Sekolah Dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang dan membangun game edukasi pengenalan bagian-bagian tumbuhan untuk siswa sekolah dasar berbasis android. Materi yang digunakan adalah ilmu pengetahuan alam dasar berupa pengenalan bagian-bagian tumbuhan untuk siswa kelas empat. Metodologi Multimedia Development Life Cycle diterapkan untuk pembuatan game, yang terdiri dari enam fase: konsep, desain, pengumpulan bahan, produksi, pengujian, dan distribusi. Hasil penelitian berupa game edukasi tentang materi pengenalan bagian-bagian tumbuhan yang dimana pada game ini terdapat fitur game ular tangga yang diintegrasikan dengan quiz serta game puzzle yang terdiri dari 3 tingkatan level kesulitan. Game edukasi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif dalam metode pembelajaran dan memberikan pengalaman baru kepada siswa dalam mengenal bagian-tumbuhan yang dikemas secara interaktif dengan adanya unsur multimedia sehingga mampu meningkatkan minat belajar.
Perbandingan Antara Metode Poligon, Inverse Distance Weighting, Dan Ordinary Kriging Pada Estimasi Sumberdaya Timah Aluvial, Dan Analisis Sebaran Endapannya
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Syahrul , Ilyas Asran , Nur Irzal , Widodo Sri
Published: March 2022

Pulau Bangka merupakan satu dari sekian banyak daerah di Indonesia yang memiliki potensi sumberdaya mineral yang cukup banyak. Salah satunya adalah endapan timah. Penyebaran timah di Pulau Bangka merupakan kelanjutan dari Tin Mayor South East Asian Tin Belt. Endapan timah merupakan komoditas utama dalam eksplorasi endapan mineral logam di Pulau Bangka yang membuat Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara penghasil timah terbesar di dunia. Salah satu perusahaan pertambangan bijih timah di Bangka Belitung adalah PT Timah Tbk yang mengeksplorasi dan mengestimasi sumberdaya mineral yang dilanjutkan dengan proses perhitungan cadangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya sumberdaya timah aluvial dan menganalisis sebaran timah aluvial dengan mempertimbangkan genesis endapan timah aluvial pada sungai purba. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan estimasi sumberdaya dengan menggunakan metode poligon, inverse distance weighting, dan ordinary kriging untuk mengetahui metode yang tepat berdasarkan kondisi geologi, genesis endapan, dan mineralisasi dari endapan yang diestimasi. Berdasarkan hasil estimasi dari tiga kategori kelas sumberdaya (terukur, tertunjuk dan tereka) dengan metode poligon didapatkan total sumberdaya endapan timah aluvial sebesar 8732 ton Sn, dengan metode inverse distance weighting sebesar 8627 ton Sn, dan dengan metode ordinary kriging sebesar 8752 ton Sn. Sebaran timah pada lokasi penelitian banyak terkonsentrasi pada bagian punggungan (hulu) sungai purba, semakin jauh dari hulu menunjukkan konsentrasi endapan timah aluvial semakin menurun. Dari hasil analisis besarnya sumberdaya dan sebaran timah aluvial, maka metode estimasi yang paling optimal dilakukan adalah metode ordinary kriging.
Analisis Alih Fungsi Lahan Menggunakan Regresi Logistik Ordinal
Authors: Apriani Ani , Putra Bayurohman Pangacella
Published: March 2022

Kejadian bencana tanah longsor tidak lepas dari kondisi yang memang rentan  untuk terjadi gerakan longsor seperti lereng yang curam dan curah hujan yang tinggi. Kejadian tanah longsor diperparah juga dengan ketidakdisiplinan masyarakat dalam penggunaan lahan sesuai dengan fungsinya yang dinamakan alih fungsi lahan yang dapat menjadi faktor pemicu kejadian tanah longsor. Melakukan penelitian tentang alih fungsi lahan menjadi hal yang penting untuk melihat dampak yang diakibatkan oleh aktivitas manusia tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis alih fungsi lahan pengaruhnya terhadap tingkat bahaya tanah longsor di Kecamatan Samigaluh Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Metode dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data primer yaitu survey lapangan dan juga pengambilan data sekunder. Tahapan yang dilakukan yaitu dengan melakukan pengamatan lapangan tentang kejadian alih fungsi lahan. Kemudian melakukan pengambilan data tentang tingkat bahaya longsor di titik pengamatan alih fungsi lahan. Analisis data yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi logistik ordinal. Hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa nilai p value (0,036) 0,05. Maka, keputusan yang diambil adalah tolak H0. Dengan demikian, pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% dapat dikatakan bahwa variabel alih fungsi lahan mempengaruhi tingkat bahaya longsor di Kecamatan Samigaluh Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Hal ini dapat menjadi masukan bagi masyarakat untuk menggunakan lahan sebagaimana fungsinya.
Metode South East Corner dan North East Corner untuk Menentukan Solusi Fisibel Awal Masalah Distribusi Vaksin Covid-19
Authors: Yuniarti Ferina Rahma , Utomo Robertus Soelistyo , Kartono -
Published: March 2022

Masalah transportasi berkaitan dengan meminimalkan biaya pendistribusian barang dari beberapa sumber dengan kapasitas berbeda ke beberapa tujuan dengan jumlah permintaan yang berbeda. Penyelesaian masalah transportasi akan menghasilkan solusi fisibel awal sebelum solusi optimal. Metode South East Corner dan North East Corner dapat menghasilkan solusi fisibel awal masalah trasnportasi dengan mudah. Artikel ini membahas solusi fisibel awal dari masalah distribusi vaksin Covid-19 di suatu daerah menggunakan kedua metode tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biaya transportasi yang dihasilkan dari solusi fisibel awal metode South East Corner lebih kecil dibanding dari metode North East Corner.
Abiotic Regulation: Landslide Scale and Altitude Regulate Functional Traits of Regenerating Plant Communities After Earthquakes
Authors: Kang Di , Zou Shuzhen , Ma Long , Yin Caijia , Zhu Dahai
Published: March 2022

Regeneration and assembly of a plant community after a large-scale natural disturbance are affected by many factors. The relative importance of abiotic factors represented by the external environment and the biological factors inside the plant community during this process is still unexplored. This work investigated the regions affected by the Wenchuan earthquake, focusing on areas with the highest intensity (XI degrees) of this earthquake, and the process of community assembly through functional traits on landslides. The aim of this study was to understand the importance of factors influencing community assembly from the perspective of functional traits. The main conclusion is presented as follows: after the regeneration of large earthquake-induced landslides, community-level functional traits covering many plant organs, such as roots, stems, leaves and seeds, are obviously different from those unaffected by landslides. Functional traits do not show strong phylogenetic conservatism. Overall, community traits are divergent or random, and the degree of divergence among the different traits varies. Species composition and alpha diversity have minimal effect on community functional traits during the process of landslide restoration. Landslide scale and altitude significantly affected community-level functional traits in the process of community assembly. All the findings suggested that the functional traits of regenerating vegetation after the earthquake changed significantly and that the functional traits depended more on abiotic regulation than on evolutionary and species-specific factors.
Does IGF-1 Shape Life-History Trade-Offs? Opposite Associations of IGF-1 With Telomere Length and Body Size in a Free-Living Bird
Authors: Montoya Bibiana , Tóth Zsófia , Lendvai Ádám Z. , Stier Antoine , Criscuolo François , Zahn Sandrine , Bize Pierre
Published: March 2022

Hormonal pathways have been proposed to be key at modulating how fast individuals grow and reproduce and how long they live (i.e., life history trajectory). Research in model species living under controlled environment is suggesting that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which is an evolutionarily conserved polypeptide hormone, has an important role in modulating animal life histories. Much remains, however, to be done to test the role played by IGF-1 in shaping the phenotype and life history of animals in the wild. Using a wild long-lived bird, the Alpine swift (Tachymarptis melba), we show that adults with higher levels of IGF-1 had longer wings and shorter telomeres. Hence, telomeres being a proxy of lifespan in this species, our results support a potential role of IGF-1 at shaping the life-history of wild birds and suggest that IGF-1 may influence the growth-lifespan trade-off.
Dawn of Precision Medicine in Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Miyagawa Ippei , Tanaka Yoshiya
Published: March 2022

The establishment of precision medicine is considered particularly important in heterogeneous autoimmune diseases (e.g., psoriatic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus), which reveal clinical and molecular heterogeneity. The selection of optimal treatment strategies for individual patients may be more important and complex in autoimmune diseases than in other diseases. Two factors are important in precision medicine: patient stratification and use of targeted. When both factors work, patients are likely to have good outcomes. However, research into precision medicine and its practice in systemic autoimmune diseases is lacking. In contrast, the usefulness of peripheral immune cell phenotyping in the evaluation of immunological characteristics and stratification into subgroups of individual patients with systemic autoimmune diseases such as immunoglobulin 4-related disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-related vasculitis was reported. Furthermore, the potential of precision medicine using biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs based on peripheral immune cell phenotyping was recently demonstrated for psoriatic arthritis in the clinical setting. Precision medicine has not yet been sufficiently investigated in real world clinical settings. However, a dawn of precision medicine has emerged. We should shed further light on precision medicine in PsA and other autoimmune diseases. Here, we first review the usefulness of peripheral immune cell phenotyping in systemic autoimmune diseases and the potential of precision medicine in PsA based on this method.
Development and Validation of a Deep Neural Network for Accurate Identification of Endoscopic Images From Patients With Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease
Authors: Ruan Guangcong , Qi Jing , Cheng Yi , Liu Rongbei , Zhang Bingqiang , Zhi Min , Chen Junrong , Xiao Fang , Shen Xiaochun , Fan Ling , Li Qin , Li Ning , Qiu Zhujing , Xiao Zhifeng , Xu Fenghua , Lv Linling , Chen Minjia , Ying Senhong , Chen Lu , Tian Yuting , Li Guanhu , Zhang Zhou , He Mi , Qiao Liang , Zhang Zhu , Chen Dongfeng , Cao Qian , Nian Yongjian , Wei Yanling
Published: March 2022

Background and Aim

The identification of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) is a key element interfering with therapeutic response, but it is often difficult for less experienced endoscopists to identify UC and CD. Therefore, we aimed to develop and validate a deep learning diagnostic system trained on a large number of colonoscopy images to distinguish UC and CD.

Methods

This multicenter, diagnostic study was performed in 5 hospitals in China. Normal individuals and active patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were enrolled. A dataset of 1,772 participants with 49,154 colonoscopy images was obtained between January 2018 and November 2020. We developed a deep learning model based on a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) in the examination. To generalize the applicability of the deep learning model in clinical practice, we compared the deep model with 10 endoscopists and applied it in 3 hospitals across China.

Results

The identification accuracy obtained by the deep model was superior to that of experienced endoscopists per patient (deep model vs. trainee endoscopist, 99.1% vs. 78.0%; deep model vs. competent endoscopist, 99.1% vs. 92.2%, P < 0.001) and per lesion (deep model vs. trainee endoscopist, 90.4% vs. 59.7%; deep model vs. competent endoscopist 90.4% vs. 69.9%, P < 0.001). In addition, the mean reading time was reduced by the deep model (deep model vs. endoscopists, 6.20 s vs. 2,425.00 s, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

We developed a deep model to assist with the clinical diagnosis of IBD. This provides a diagnostic device for medical education and clinicians to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment.
Study on the Bacterial Communities of the Biofilms on Titanium, Aluminum, and Copper Alloys at 5,772 m Undersea in Yap Trench
Authors: Zhai Xiaofan , Cao Wei , Zhang Yimeng , Ju Peng , Chen Juna , Duan Jizhou , Sun Chengjun
Published: March 2022

Biofilms formed on metal surfaces strongly affect metallic instruments serving in marine environments. However, due to sampling difficulty, less has been known about the bacterial communities of the biofilm on metallic surfaces in hadal environments, so the failure process of these deep-sea metallic instruments influenced by microbial communities could be hardly predicted. In this research, seven alloys, including titanium, aluminum, and copper alloys, were exposed in Yap Trench hadal environment for 1 year. Thus, the communities of the biofilms formed on metallic surfaces at 5,772 m undersea in Yap Trench were initially reported in previous studies. Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to visualize the in situ bacterial communities of the biofilms formed on titanium, aluminum, and copper alloys at 5,772 m undersea in Yap Trench. It was found that Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in all samples, but distinct genera were discovered on various alloys. The titanium alloy provided a suitable substrate for a mutualistic symbiotic biofilm with abundant bacterial richness. Aluminum alloys without copper components showed the least bacterial richness and formed a cold-adapted and oligotrophic-adapted biofilm containing the genera Sulfurimonas and PS1 Clade, while copper-present alloys showed relatively high bacterial richness with copper-resistant or even copper-utilizing biofilms constituting the genera Stenotrophomonas, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, and Achromobacter on the surfaces. Furthermore, among all the element components contained in alloys investigated in this research, copper element showed the strongest influences on the composition and function of microbial communities in the biofilms formed on various metallic surfaces.
Association Between Plasma Apolipoprotein M With Alzheimer’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study From China
Authors: Xin Jia-Yan , Huang Xiao , Sun Ying , Jiang Hai-Song , Fan Jin , Yu Neng-wei , Guo Fu-Qiang , Ye Fang , Xiao Jun , Le Wei-dong , Yang Shao-Jie , Xiang Yang
Published: March 2022

Background

Recent evidence of genetics and metabonomics indicated a potential role of apolipoprotein M (ApoM) in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we aimed to investigate the association between plasma ApoM with AD.

Methods

A multicenter, cross-sectional study recruited patients with AD (n = 67), age- and sex-matched cognitively normal (CN) controls (n = 73). After the data collection of demographic characteristics, lifestyle risk factors, and medical history, we examined and compared the plasma levels of ApoM, tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 (p-tau217) and neurofilament light (NfL). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the association of plasma ApoM with the presence of AD. The correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations between plasma ApoM with cognitive function [Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)], activities of daily living (ADL), and the representative blood-based biomarkers (plasma p-tau217 and NfL). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Delong’s test were used to determine the diagnostic power of plasma ApoM.

Results

Plasma ApoM and its derived indicators (ratios of ApoM/TC, ApoM/TG, ApoM/HDL-C, and ApoM/LDL-C) were significantly higher in AD group than those in CN group (each p < 0.0001). After adjusted for the risk factors of AD, the plasma ApoM and its derived indicators were significantly associated with the presence of AD, respectively. ApoM (OR = 1.058, 95% CI: 1.027–1.090, p < 0.0001), ApoM/TC ratio (OR = 1.239, 95% CI: 1.120–1.372, p < 0.0001), ApoM/TG ratio (OR = 1.064, 95% CI: 1.035–1.095, p < 0.0001), ApoM/HDL-C ratio (OR = 1.069, 95% CI: 1.037–1.102, p < 0.0001), and ApoM/LDL-C ratio (OR = 1.064, 95% CI:1.023–1.106, p = 0.002). In total participants, plasma ApoM was significantly positively correlated with plasma p-tau217, plasma NfL, and ADL (each p < 0.0001) and significantly negatively correlated with MMSE and MoCA (each p < 0.0001), respectively. In further subgroup analyses, these associations remained in different APOEϵ 4 status participants and sex subgroups. ApoM/TC ratio (ΔAUC = 0.056, p = 0.044) and ApoM/TG ratio (ΔAUC = 0.097, p = 0.011) had a statistically remarkably larger AUC than ApoM, respectively. The independent addition of ApoM and its derived indicators to the basic model [combining age, sex, APOEϵ 4, and body mass index (BMI)] led to the significant improvement in diagnostic power, respectively (each p < 0.05).

Conclusion

All the findings preliminarily uncovered the association between plasma ApoM and AD and provided more evidence of the potential of ApoM as a candidate biomarker of AD.
Implication of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase in the Expression of Natural Reward: Evidence Not Found
Authors: Amaral Inês M. , Hofer Alex , El Rawas Rana
Published: March 2022

Many studies have implicated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in drug-rewarding properties. Yet, only few investigated whether ERK also mediates the naturally rewarding stimuli. In this study, we compared ERK activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) after cocaine reward and after positive social interaction (SI) with a partner-reward in male rats. With our protocol, ERK phosphorylation in the NAc was not increased after cocaine reward. In addition, the interaction with a social partner did not alter ERK activation in the NAc. These results suggest that ERK in the NAc may not be involved in natural reward learning. SI in an alternative context to the one associated with drugs of abuse can abolish drug preference. Given that intra-NAc core ERK inhibition impaired the expression of cocaine preference, we wanted to investigate whether the protective effects of SI when an individual is allowed to interact with a social partner in an alternative context to the one associated with drugs during the learning phase are enhanced by ERK inhibition. For that, U0126 was bilaterally infused into the NAc core of rats conditioned with cocaine in one context and with SI in the opposite context before assessing the expression of reward-related learning. Intra-NAc core ERK inhibition was ineffective to impair the expression of drug reward as previously demonstrated, when a social partner was available in an alternative context. Thus, the effects of the pharmacological manipulations based on decreasing ERK activity are not cumulative to other treatments for drug addiction based on SI.
The Whitening, Moisturizing, Anti-aging Activities, and Skincare Evaluation of Selenium-Enriched Mung Bean Fermentation Broth
Authors: Wei Kang , Guo Congyin , Zhu Jiangxiong , Wei Yang , Wu Meirong , Huang Xiaodong , Zhang Mu , Li Jide , Wang Xueyun , Wang Yuanfeng , Wei Xinlin
Published: March 2022

Selenium-enriched mung bean (Se-MB) is a combination of mung bean (MB) and selenium (Se), which have a variety of potential biological activities. However, little is known about the skincare activity of Se-MB. The chemical composition of Se-MB fermentation broth (Se-MBFB) was analyzed to investigate the whitening, moisturizing, and anti-aging activities of Se-MBFB. The tyrosinase inhibition, anti-melanogenic in melanocytes (B16F10 cells), and moisturizing effect in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were analyzed. Besides, the free radical scavenging activity of Se-MBFB was assessed in vitro. To verify the in vivo effects and the potential of practical applications of Se-MBFB, a clinical trial was conducted on the participants: 31 Chinese women aged 25–60 years, with no pigmentation disorder, no illness, no history of hypersensitivity reaction, and no use of skincare product on the face. The participants used an Se-MBFB masque for 15-20 min after cleaning the face. The measurement points were Week 0, 2, and 4 (W0, W2, and W4) after using the masque, and target sites were cheek and canthus. The following parameters were recorded on the target sites at each visit: melanin index, skin color, cuticle moisture content, transepidermal water loss, and crow's feet. The results demonstrated that Se-MBFB was rich in polyphenols, peptides, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), displayed significant free radical scavenging and tyrosinase inhibiting activities, decreased the synthesis of melanin, and upregulated the aquaporin-3 (AQP3) expression. The test of the Se-MBFB mask showed that after 4 weeks of using the Se-MBFB facemask, the faces of the participants became whiter with reduced wrinkles and increased moisture content. Se-MB possessed the excellent whitening, moisturizing, and antioxidant efficacy, which could lay a scientific foundation for utilization and development of skincare products of Se-MB and its related industrial cosmetics products.
Feasibility of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for Accelerated Cold Brew Coffee Processing: Characterization and Comparison With Conventional Brewing Methods
Authors: Zhai Xingchen , Yang Mengnan , Zhang Jing , Zhang Lulu , Tian Yarong , Li Chaonan , Bao Lina , Ma Chao , Abd El-Aty A. M.
Published: March 2022

A long extraction time for traditional cold coffee brewing considerably reduces the production efficiency of this type of beverage. Herein, a new ultrasound-assisted cold brewing (UAC) method was established. The feasibility of UAC was assessed by comparison with main physicochemical characteristics, non-volatile and volatile compounds in coffee extracts produced by hot brewing and conventional static cold brewing methods. Compared to the static cold brews, the levels of total dissolved solids, total lipids, proteins, and titrated acids of UAC coffee extracts increased by 6–26%, 10–21%, 26–31%, and 12–15%, respectively. Caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and trigonelline concentrations were also determined by HPLC. Based on the volatile profiles obtained by HS-SPME-GC/MS, the aroma compounds in UAC was significantly different (p < 0.05) from hot brews but similar to static cold ones, suggesting that ultrasonication compensated for the time of the static cold brewing, thereby considerably shortening the extraction time (1 h vs. 12 h). This work demonstrated that the combination of ultrasound-assisted with cold brew could produce coffee with good flavor and increase the extraction efficiency, which may provide an option for the acceleration of the cold brew coffee process.
From Fish Scale Gelatin to Tyrosinase Inhibitor: A Novel Peptides Screening Approach Application
Authors: Hu Zi-Zi , Sha Xiao-Mei , Zhang Lu , Zha Min-Jun , Tu Zong-Cai
Published: March 2022

Bioaffinity ultrafiltration combined with LC-Orbitrap-MS/MS was applied for the first time to achieve rapid screening and identification of tyrosinase inhibitory peptides (TYIPs) from grass carp scale gelatin hydrolysates. The binding mode of TYIPs with tyrosinase was investigated by molecular docking technology. The whitening effect of TYIPs was further studied by evaluating the tyrosinase activity and melanin content in mouse B16F10 cells. Four new TYIPs were screened from hydrolysates, among which DLGFLARGF showed the strongest tyrosinase inhibition with an IC50 value of 3.09 mM. Molecular docking showed that hydrogen bonds were the main driving force in the interaction between the peptide DLGFLARGF and tyrosinase. The addition of DLGFLARGF significantly inhibited the tyrosinase activity and melanin production of B16F10 melanoma cells. These results suggest that DLGFLARGF is a promising skin whitening agent for the treatment of potential pigment-related diseases.
Chemical and Biological Evidence of the Efficacy of Shengxian Decoction for Treating Human Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Kejuan , You Fengming , Zhang Qin , Yuan Ruijiao , Yuan Qianghua , Fu Xi , Ren Yifeng , Wang Qian , Li Xiaohong , Zhang Zhenya , Shichiri Mototada , Yu Yue
Published: March 2022

Shengxian Decoction (SXT) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription comprising several anti-cancer medicinal herbs. However, the anti-cancer effect of SXT has rarely been reported. Herein, we explored the therapeutic potential of SXT for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of crude SXT extract revealed the abundance of mangiferin, an established anti-cancer compound. The serum pharmacological evaluation revealed that serum SXT suppressed A549 lung cancer cell proliferation in vitro. The tumor-inhibitory activity of SXT was confirmed in vivo via tumor formation assays in nude mice. We applied biochemical, histopathological and imaging approaches to investigate the cellular targets of SXT. The results indicated that the treatment with SXT induced tumor necrosis, and downregulated hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha in the serum. In vivo biosafety assessment of SXT revealed low levels of toxicity in mouse models. Our study provides the first scientific evidence that SXT effectively represses cancer cell growth and, thus, may serve as a safe anti-cancer agent for LUAD treatment.
Peripheral Nerve Magnetoneurography With Optically Pumped Magnetometers
Authors: Bu Yifeng , Prince Jacob , Mojtahed Hamed , Kimball Donald , Shah Vishal , Coleman Todd , Sarkar Mahasweta , Rao Ramesh , Huang Mingxiong , Schwindt Peter , Borna Amir , Lerman Imanuel
Published: March 2022

Electrodiagnosis is routinely integrated into clinical neurophysiology practice for peripheral nerve disease diagnoses, such as neuropathy, demyelinating disorders, nerve entrapment/impingement, plexopathy, or radiculopathy. Measured with conventional surface electrodes, the propagation of peripheral nerve action potentials along a nerve is the result of ionic current flow which, according to Ampere’s Law, generates a small magnetic field that is also detected as an “action current” by magnetometers, such as superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) Magnetoencephalography (MEG) systems. Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) are an emerging class of quantum magnetic sensors with a demonstrated sensitivity at the 1 fT/√Hz level, capable of cortical action current detection. But OPMs were ostensibly constrained to low bandwidth therefore precluding their use in peripheral nerve electrodiagnosis. With careful OPM bandwidth characterization, we hypothesized OPMs may also detect compound action current signatures consistent with both Sensory Nerve Action Potential (SNAP) and the Hoffmann Reflex (H-Reflex). In as much, our work confirms OPMs enabled with expanded bandwidth can detect the magnetic signature of both the SNAP and H-Reflex. Taken together, OPMs now show potential as an emerging electrodiagnostic tool.
Effectiveness of a Motivational Smoking Reduction Strategy Across Socioeconomic Status and Stress Levels
Authors: Voigt Elizabeth C. , Mutter Elizabeth R. , Oettingen Gabriele
Published: March 2022

Smoking consequences are seen disproportionately among low-SES smokers. We examine the self-regulatory strategy of mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII) as a smoking reduction tool and whether its effectiveness depends on subjective-SES. This pre-registered online experiment comprised a pre-screening, baseline survey, and follow-up. Participants reported past-week smoking, subjective-SES, perceived stress, and were randomized to an active control (n = 161) or MCII condition (n = 164). Data were collected via MTurk, during the U.S.’ initial wave of COVID-19. Participants were moderate-to-heavy smokers open to reducing or quitting. The primary outcome was self-reported smoking reduction, computed as the difference between recent smoking at baseline and follow-up. The secondary outcome was cessation, operationalized as self-reported 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at follow-up. Among those low—but not high—in subjective-SES, MCII (vs. control) improved smoking reduction by an average of 1.09 fewer cigarettes smoked per day, though this effect was not conclusive (p = 0.11). Similarly, quitting was descriptively more likely for those in the MCII than control condition, but the effect was non-significant (p = 0.11). Per an exploratory analysis, we observed that stress significantly moderated the condition effect (p = 0.01), such that MCII (vs. control) facilitated reduction among those experiencing high (p = 0.03), but not low stress (p = 0.15). Consistent with prior findings that MCII works best in vulnerable populations, MCII may be more effective for smoking reduction among high-stress than low-stress individuals. These findings contribute to growing research on income-related health disparities and smoking behavior change tools.
Age-Related Intestinal Dysbiosis and Enrichment of Gut-specific Bacteria in the Lung Are Associated With Increased Susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection in Mice
Authors: McMahan Rachel H. , Hulsebus Holly J. , Najarro Kevin M. , Giesy Lauren E. , Frank Daniel N. , Orlicky David J. , Kovacs Elizabeth J.
Published: March 2022

The portion of the global population that is over the age of 65 is growing rapidly and this presents a number of clinical complications, as the aged population is at higher risk for various diseases, including infection. For example, advanced age is a risk factor for heightened morbidity and mortality following infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae. This increased vulnerability is due, at least in part, to age-related dysregulation of the immune response, a phenomenon termed immunosenescence. However, our understanding of the mechanisms influencing the immunosenescent state and its effects on the innate immune response to pneumonia remain incomplete. Recently, a role for the gut microbiome in age-specific alterations in immunity has been described. Here, we utilized a murine model of intranasal Streptococcus pneumoniae infection to investigate the effects of age on both the innate immune response and the intestinal microbial populations after infection. In aged mice, compared to their younger counterparts, infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae led to increased mortality, impaired lung function and inadequate bacterial control. This poor response to infection was associated with increased influx of neutrophils into the lungs of aged mice 24 h after infection. The exacerbated pulmonary immune response was not associated with increased pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lung compared to young mice but instead heightened expression of immune cell recruiting chemokines by lung neutrophils. Bacterial 16S-rRNA gene sequencing of the fecal microbiome of aged and young-infected mice revealed expansion of Enterobacteriaceae in the feces of aged, but not young mice, after infection. We also saw elevated levels of gut-derived bacteria in the lung of aged-infected mice, including the potentially pathogenic symbiote Escherichia coli. Taken together, these results reveal that, when compared to young mice, Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in age leads to increased lung neutrophilia along with potentially pathogenic alterations in commensal bacteria and highlight potential mechanistic targets contributing to the increased morbidity and mortality observed in infections in age.
The New Testament in Jewish-Christian Dialogues
Authors: Garber Zev
Published: March 2022

The Christian biblical canon consists of the Old Testament (referenced as the Hebrew Bible by Jews), New Testament, and Apocrypha for some denominations (e.g., the Roman Catholic Church). The name “New Testament” is associated with, but misapplied with the Berit Ḥadasha/“New Covenant” which the Lord was to make with the Houses of Israel and Judah, not with Nations (Jer 31:30). A more accurate association/understanding is “new covenant in my (Jesus) blood” (Luke 22:20; 1 Cor 11:25); “new covenant not of the letter but of the Spirit” (2 Cor 3:6); “the veil remains when the old covenant (Torah) is read” (2 Cor 3:14); and so on. The New Testament embraces 27 separate books of different size, composition, and focus. They include the Four Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John), the Acts of the Apostles, 13 Epistles by Paul, the Epistle to the Hebrews, Epistles by Peter, James, John, and Jude, and John’s Revelation (the Apocalypse). This article discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christianity (primarily spelled out in the Gospels and Pauline literature), evaluated from the perspective of Jewish-Christian polemics, apologetics, and respectful co-existential dialogue.