bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuclear Weapons and Nonproliferation
Authors: Diehl Sarah J. , Moltz James Clay
Published: March 2024

An updated edition of ABC-CLIO’s classic reference book on nuclear arms programs and proliferation in nations around the world.

Fully updated and revised since its initial publication, Nuclear Weapons and Nonproliferation, Second Edition explores all key issues related to the proliferation of nuclear weapons and efforts to curb them, from the U.S. atomic bomb project during World War II to current debates on nuclear terrorism, North Korea’s nuclear test, and Iran’s enrichment program.

Nuclear Weapons and Nonproliferation, Second Edition clarifies weapons-related policy debates from both U.S. and international perspectives, offering a detailed look at current technologies, arsenals, weapons tests, and nonproliferation efforts. Readers will find expert analysis of such crucial recent events as Libya’s disarmament, the failed WMD search in Iraq, A.Q. Khan’s nuclear technology black market, “dirty bombs,” developments in North Korea and Iran, and the U.S. plan to aid India’s nuclear program—plus recent progress (or lack thereof) on a range of treaties and initiatives.
Relationship between the Sustainability of the Tourism System and the Adaptability of Families in the District of Baños Del Inca Cajamarca, Peru: A Qualitative-Quantitative Analysis of the Years 2018-2022
Authors: Mendoza Sánchez Juan Romelio
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between the sustainability of the tourism system and the adaptability of the families of the district of Baños del Inca, Cajamarca Peru; a study considered of utmost importance since it allows contributing to the growth and popularity of the tourism industry. . . For the development of this research, a population of 15,000 families from the urban area of ​​the district that maintain an economic relationship with tourist activity was taken into consideration, obtaining a sample of 200 heads of household. Regarding the methodology, the research presents a qualitative or mixed approach; the type of research is descriptive correlational since it is focused on describing the facts as they are presented without changing or altering absolutely anything in addition to measuring the degree of relationship between the variables and study dimensions; it is also non-experimental in design and, since the variables are not deliberately manipulated, the methods used were inductive-deductive and analytical-synthetic. For data collection, the questionnaire with a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient greater than 0.7 is used as an instrument. The results obtained using the Pearson test statistic with an α of 0.05 show a direct comparison between the variables, which means that, by improving the sustainability of the tourism system, there will be adequate adaptability of the families of the district of Baños del Inca. Therefore, it follows that the Pearson coefficient is statistically significant. Concluding that in the district of Baños del Inca, families present tourist awareness, develop significant conservation of the environment, and also display direct sociocultural and economic sustainability which is evident from the direct and significant relationship obtained in the results between the sustainability of the tourism system and the adaptability of families.
Desorption lifetimes and activation energies influencing gas–surface interactions and multiphase chemical kinetics
Authors: Knopf Daniel A. , Ammann Markus , Berkemeier Thomas , Pöschl Ulrich , Shiraiwa Manabu
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Adsorption and desorption of gases on liquid or solid substrates are involved in multiphase processes and heterogeneous chemical reactions. The desorption energy (Edes0), which depends on the intermolecular forces between adsorbate and substrate, determines the residence time of chemical species at interfaces. We show how Edes0 and temperature influence the net uptake or release of gas species, the rates of surface–bulk exchange and surface or bulk reactions, and the equilibration timescales of gas–particle partitioning. Using literature data, we derive a parameterization to estimate Edes0 for a wide range of chemical species based on the molecular mass, polarizability, and oxygen-to-carbon ratio of the desorbing species independent of substrate-specific properties, which is possible because of the dominant role of the desorbing species' properties. Correlations between Edes0 and the enthalpies of vaporization and solvation are rooted in molecular interactions. The relation between Edes0 and desorption kinetics reflects the key role of interfacial exchange in multiphase processes. For small molecules and semi-volatile organics (VOC, IVOC, SVOC), Edes0 values around 10–100 kJ mol−1 correspond to desorption lifetimes around nanoseconds to days at room temperature. Even higher values up to years are obtained at low temperatures and for low volatile organic compounds (LVOC, ELVOC/ULVOC) relevant for secondary organic aerosols (SOA). Implications are discussed for SOA formation, gas–particle partitioning, organic phase changes, and indoor surface chemistry. We expect these insights to advance the mechanistic and kinetic understanding of multiphase processes in atmospheric and environmental physical chemistry, aerosol science, materials science, and chemical engineering.
Above-cloud concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei help to sustain some Arctic low-level clouds
Authors: Sterzinger Lucas J. , Igel Adele L.
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Previous studies have found that low-level Arctic clouds often persist for long periods even in the face of very low surface cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations. Here, we investigate whether these conditions could occur due to continuous entrainment of aerosol particles from the free troposphere (FT). We use an idealized large eddy simulation (LES) modeling framework, where aerosol concentrations are low in the boundary layer (BL) but increased up to 50× in the free troposphere. We find that the tests with higher tropospheric aerosol concentrations simulated clouds, which persisted for longer and maintained higher liquid water paths (LWPs). This is due to direct entrainment of the tropospheric aerosol into the cloud layer, which results in a precipitation suppression from the increase in cloud droplet number and in stronger cloud-top radiative cooling, which causes stronger circulations maintaining the cloud in the absence of surface forcing. Together, these two responses result in a more well-mixed boundary layer with a top that remains in contact with the tropospheric aerosol reservoir and can maintain entrainment of those aerosol particles. The surface aerosol concentrations, however, remained low in all simulations. The free-tropospheric aerosol concentration necessary to maintain the clouds is consistent with concentrations that are frequently seen in observations.
Causes of growing middle-upper tropospheric ozone over the Northwest Pacific region
Authors: Ma Xiaodan , Huang Jianping , Hegglin Michaela , Joeckel Patrick , Zhao Tianliang
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Long-term ozone (O3) changes in the middle to upper troposphere are critical to climate radiative forcing and tropospheric O3 pollution. Yet, these changes remain poorly quantified through observations in East Asia. Concerns also persist regarding the data quality of the ozonesondes available at the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Data Center (WOUDC) for this region. This study aims to address these gaps by analyzing O3 soundings at four sites along the northwestern Pacific coastal region over the past three decades, and assessing their consistency with an atmospheric chemistry-climate model simulation. Utilizing the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) – Hamburg (ECHAM)/Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) nudged simulations, it is demonstrated that trends between model and ozonesonde measurements are overall consistent, thereby gaining confidence in the model’s ability to simulate ozone trends and confirming the utility of potentially imperfect observational data. A notable increase in O3 mixing ratio around 0.29–0.82 ppb a-1 extending from the middle to upper troposphere is observed in both observations and model simulations between 1990 and 2020, primarily during spring and summer. The timing of these O3 hotspots is delayed when moving from south to north along the measurement sites, transitioning from late spring to summer. Investigation into the drivers of these trends using tagged model tracers reveals that ozone of stratospheric origin (O3S) dominates the absolute O3 mixing ratios over the middle-to-upper troposphere in the subtropics, contributing to the observed O3 increases by up to 96 % (40 %) during winter (summer), whereas ozone of tropospheric origin (O3T) governs the absolute value throughout the tropical troposphere and contributes generally much more than 60 % to the positive O3 changes, especially during summer and autumn. During winter and spring, a decrease of O3S is partly counterbalanced by an increase of O3T in the tropical troposphere. This study highlights that the enhanced downward transport of stratospheric O3 into the troposphere in the subtropics and a surge of tropospheric source O3 in the tropics are the two key factors driving the enhancement of O3 in the middle-upper troposphere along the Northwest Pacific region.
Characterization of the new BATCH Teflon chamber and on-line analysis of isomeric multifunctional photooxidation products
Authors: Löher Finja , Borrás Esther , Muñoz Amalia , Nölscher Anke Christine
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The photooxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the troposphere has important implications for air quality, weather, and climate. A deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms can be achieved by studying these reactions under controlled conditions and analyzing the emerging photooxidation products. This requires dedicated laboratory infrastructure as well as sensitive and selective analytical techniques. Here, we constructed a new 300 L indoor Teflon atmospheric simulation chamber as part of the Bayreuth ATmospheric simulation CHambers (BATCH) infrastructure. The chamber was irradiated by a bandpass-filtered solar simulator that enabled experiments with realistic photon fluxes and OH radical concentrations. It was coupled to a proton-transfer-reaction – time-of-flight – mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) and a solid phase microextraction – gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) system for the on-line analysis of the precursor VOC and its oxidation products in the gas phase. As part of the SPME-GC-MS method, multifunctional oxygenated compounds (carbonyls, alcohols, carboxylic acids) were derivatized with O-(2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorobenzyl)-hydroxylamine (PFBHA) and N-trimethylsilyl-N-methyl trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA). We designed a permeation source for the on-line addition of internal standards to improve method reproducibility. The joint setup was tested and validated by studying the OH radical-induced photooxidation of toluene, one of the most abundant aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmosphere. For chamber characterization, we first derived the photolysis rates for several typical toluene products in the irradiated BATCH Teflon chamber (1.77×10−8 – 3.02×10−4 s−1). Additionally, wall loss rates were determined empirically (4.54×10−6 – 8.53×10−5 s−1), and then parameterized according to fundamental molecular properties. For the cresols and benzyl alcohol, we compiled a weighted calibration factor for the PTR-ToF-MS, taking into account isomer-specific sensitivities as well as the relative distribution as determined by the SPME-GC-MS. The weighted calibration improved the instrumental agreement to 15 %, whereas the PTR-ToF-MS overestimated the sum of the isomers by 25 % compared to the SPME-GC-MS concentrations when using the averaged calibration factor. Thus, the combined data set offered insight into both temporal trends and the isomeric composition. Finally, we conducted six toluene photooxidation experiments to evaluate the ring-retaining first generation products. Based on the loss-corrected concentrations, we derived formation yields for o-cresol (8.0±1.8 %), m-cresol (0.4±0.1 %), p-cresol (2.4±0.6 %), benzyl alcohol (0.5±0.1 %), and benzaldehyde (4.6±1.7 %) under NOx-free conditions at T = 298±1 K. These yields are consistent with previous studies and therefore serve as proof-of-concept for our applied methods.
FOCA: a new quality-controlled database of floods and catchment descriptors in Italy
Authors: Claps Pierluigi , Evangelista Giulia , Ganora Daniele , Mazzoglio Paola , Monforte Irene
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Here we present FOCA (Italian FlOod and Catchment Atlas), the first systematic collection of data on Italian river catchments for which historical discharge time series are available. Hydrometric information, including the annual maximum peak discharge and average daily annual maximum discharge, is complemented by several geomorphological, climatological, extreme rainfall, land-cover and soil-related catchment attributes. All hydrological information derives from the most recently released datasets of discharge and rainfall measurements. To enhance the reproducibility and transferability of the analysis, this paper provides a description of all the raw data and the algorithms used to build the basin attribute dataset. We also describe the approaches adopted to solve problems encountered during the digital elevation model elaboration in areas characterized by a complex morphology. Details about the data quality-control procedure developed to detect and correct errors are also reported. One of the main novelties of FOCA with respect to other national-scale datasets is the inclusion of a rich set of geomorphological attributes and extreme rainfall features for a large set of basins covering a wide range of elevations and areas. Using this first nationwide data collection (available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10446258, Claps et al., 2023), a wide range of environmental applications, with a particular focus on flood studies, can be undertaken within the Italian territory.
Von Stadt, Land, Fluss zur Nachhaltigkeitskunde: (Irr-)Wege der Ausgestaltung des Fachwissens in den Berliner Geographielehrplänen der letzten drei Jahrzehnte
Authors: Bagoly-Simó Péter
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Sustainable development is of equal concern to Geography as an academic discipline and Geography Education. Given Geography's explicit conceptual and thematic affinity to sustainable development, various professional organizations developed normative documents proclaiming Geography to the main carrier subject of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). The aim of this paper is to explore what effects the special proximity of school Geography to the promotion of ESD has on the design of geographical specialist knowledge. Lower secondary Geography curricula (1992–2022) of the federal state of Berlin served as sample for content analysis. Viewed in light of work from the History of Education, Sociology of Education, and Subject Education, the results show a progressive loss of disciplinary identity accompanied by a concurrent shift in focus from factual judgments to value judgments.
On the Uncertainty of Digital Twin Models for Load Monitoring and Fatigue Assessment in Wind Turbine Drivetrains
Authors: Mehlan Felix Christian , Nejad Amir R.
Published: March 2024

Abstract. This article presents a systematic assessment of the uncertainty in digital twins for load and fatigue monitoring in wind turbine drivetrains. The uncertainty in the measurement input, the reduced order drivetrain models and the model updating methods are investigated. A statistical analysis is conducted on gear and bearing load measurements from numerical studies with 5 and 10 MW drivetrain models and from field measurements of a 1.5 MW research turbine. The uncertainty is quantified using log-normal distributions and limitations of digital twin are discussed such as the measurement uncertainty in 10 min averaged SCADA data, the uncertainty in estimating the unknown rotor torque, and the modelling errors in torsional reduced order drivetrain models. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the origin and the effects of uncertainty in digital twins and delivers a foundation for further reliability and risk assessment studies.
Intervenções e resultados em mulheres com diagnóstico vítima de violência por parceiro íntimo
Authors: QUIRINO LORRANY PRADO , MAROCCO DURAN ERIKA CHRISTIANE
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: realizar o mapeamento cruzado das intervenções e dos resultados de Enfermagem para a população de mulheres com o Diagnóstico de Enfermagem Vítimas de Violência de Parceiro Íntimo, da Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem. Metodologia: estudo metodológico de mapeamento cruzado, composto por duas fases. A revisão integrativa de literatura, permitiu a identificação das intervenções e dos resultados de Enfermagem realizados para as mulheres em situação de Violência de Parceiro Íntimo. A segunda fase, o mapeamento cruzado proporcionou a comparação das intervenções de Enfermagem e os resultados de Enfermagem com os encontrados na literatura, e dos presentes na classificação. Resultados: a amostra contou com 10 artigos que apresentaram 36 intervenções de Enfermagem e 12 resultados de Enfermagem mais frequentes. Houve correspondência entre 32 dessas intervenções e de todos os resultados com a classificação. Conclusão: em suma, foram mapeados os termos de intervenções e resultados de Enfermagem, sendo que a maioria apresentou similitude com os termos padronizados da classificação. Porém, outras intervenções da literatura não tinham correspondência, demonstrando a necessidade de estudos adicionais para o aperfeiçoamento da linguagem padronizada de Enfermagem.
INTERFERÊNCIA DO APOIO PROFISSIONAL NO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Karoline Almeida dos Santos Lira Kellen , Batatinha de Castro Silva Monalisa , Duarte de Sena Fraga Chalana , Patrícia do Nascimento Paixão Gilvânia , Pina Santos Linhares Tatiane , Cecília Pimentel de Melo Mônica
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar estudos clínicos que buscaram verificar a interferência do apoio profissional no aleitamento materno. Método: Revisão sistemática da literatura, cadastrada no PROSPERO, sob o registro CRD42021240399, que analisou ensaios clínicos disponíveis nas bases de dados Pubmed, Embase, SciELO, Bireme e CINAHL. Utilizou-se da PICOT como estratégia de  busca, em que P corresponde a estudos  que envolvam mulheres lactantes; I, ensaios clínicos randomizados que abordem algum tipo de acompanhamento profissional em  relação ao AM; C, comparação em grupo ou individual, com grupo controle e experimental; O, manutenção do AM; e T, ensaios clínicos randomizados. Incluíram-se ensaios clínicos randomizados que tinham o objetivo de investigar como o apoio profissional  interfere no aleitamento materno e excluíram-se estudos que configuraram  análise secundária de ensaios clínicos prévios ou que não respondessem à questão do estudo. Identificaram-se 131 estudos e, após análise, oito estudos foram incluídos para análise final. Resultados: Os oito estudos analisados tratavam sobre intervenções de apoio profissional. Destes, cinco apontaram relevância estatística entre  grupos após intervenção de apoio profissional no que diz respeito às taxas de  aleitamento materno exclusivo e à manutenção deste. Conclusão: As intervenções de apoio  profissional foram apontadas como benéficas para promover a autoeficácia do aleitamento materno.
«Broke Disney». Una revisión crítica del audiovisual de animación a través del trabajo artístico de Marina Salazar
Authors: Monleón Oliva Vicente
Published: March 2024

Disney se entiende como una productora de animación americana que crea un discurso e imaginario colectivo que arraiga en la ciudadanía. A raíz de dicha influencia descontextualizada en la actualidad se forja un contra-discurso artístico para contrarrestar dichos posicionamientos sesgados. El objetivo de esta investigación consiste en visbilizar la influencia de Marina Salazar a través de su colección escultórica Broke Disney para aproximar a la población a unos mensajes más actualizados y respetuosos con respecto a la diversidad. Para ello, se recurre a la ARTografía como metodología incluida en la Investigación Basada en las Artes, ya que combina el arte, la investigación y la enseñanza. Con todo, se concluyen ejemplos didácticos-artísticos a través de los cuales educar a la ciudadanía en principios feministas y queer.
Rentabilidad social de las cadenas de televisión generalistas españolas. Aplicación del Indicador IRSCOM
Authors: Espinar Medina Lara , Barrera Jerez Laura , Chaparro Escudero Manuel
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo determina el nivel de rentabilidad social de las cadenas españolas de televisión generalista, públicas y privadas: La 1, La 2, Antena3, Cuatro, Telecinco y La Sexta, a partir de la implementación de la metodología IRSCOM (Indicador de Rentabilidad Social en Comunicación)[1], que establece el nivel de compromiso de los medios audiovisuales con la ciudadanía desde la mirada del bien común en base a cinco campos de actividad: Gestión y Transparencia, Recursos Humanos, Articulación Territorial, Programación y Actividad Online. Parte de la fundamentación de que estos medios, en base al uso del espectro radioeléctrico, están sometidos a un uso responsable del mismo bajo la premisa del servicio público, si bien las políticas desreguladoras (LGCA 7/2010 y 13/2022) han convenido que esta exigencia sólo sea vinculante para los de titularidad pública. Los resultados de la investigación denotan un nivel bajo de rentabilidad social en las cadenas privadas y un nivel medio en las públicas. Las principales carencias se detectan en articulación territorial, programación e igualdad.
 
[1] Laboratorio de Comunicación y Cultura LabCOMandalucía, Universidad de Málaga. www.labcomandalucia.uma.es
Intereses editoriales en el debate sobre Inteligencia Artificial: la renuncia de Geoffrey Hinton a Google en la prensa española
Authors: González Arias Cristian , López García Xosé
Published: March 2024

Este estudio investiga cómo la reformulación de una noticia original en artículos periodísticos refleja los intereses editoriales de variados diarios españoles, particularmente en el contexto del debate sobre la Inteligencia Artificial (IA). Utilizando un artículo de The New York Times como caso de estudio, analizamos su uso subsiguiente en la redacción de otros artículos. La investigación busca comprender qué revela la transformación de un texto noticioso sobre la postura de los medios en el debate de la IA. Exploramos los mecanismos de reformulación empleados por la prensa, incluyendo la preeminencia de cierta información, la omisión de detalles, la adición de contenido, la emisión de juicios y la tergiversación de datos. Estos métodos ilustran cómo los medios se posicionan en el debate sobre los riesgos de la IA. Los hallazgos revelan diferencias notables en el enfoque y tratamiento del tema entre periódicos tradicionales y digitales.
Análisis de contenido en SPSS y KALPHA: Procedimiento para un Análisis Cuantitativo Fiable con la Kappa de Cohen y el Alpha de Krippendorff
Authors: Goyanes Manuel , Piñeiro-Naval Valeriano
Published: March 2024

Durante las últimas décadas, el análisis de contenido se ha revelado como una de las técnicas de investigación fundamentales en los estudios de comunicación y periodismo. Una amplia literatura ha descrito, con gran detalle, los procedimientos para su sistemática y correcta implementación, lo que ha desembocado en investigaciones empíricamente más robustas y precisas. Este avance en la aplicación de los protocolos metodológicos no se ha trasladado, de manera tan paulatina, a los cómputos y test estadísticos para establecer la fiabilidad entre codificadores en las publicaciones en español, a pesar de su central importancia a la hora de ofrecer evidencias científicas reproducibles. Esto se ha debido, entre otras razones, a la necesidad de calcular los indicadores en programas estadísticos, lo que ha obstaculizado su adopción generalizada. En este trabajo ilustramos, mediante SPSS y la macro KALPHA, la computación de dos pruebas estadísticas para medir el acuerdo entre codificadores: la Kappa (κ) de Cohen y el Alpha (a) de Krippendorff. El objetivo es, por ende, ofrecer y detallar a la comunidad académica hispánica un protocolo para generalizar la utilización de cómputos que permitan reportar, a investigadores sin un avanzado conocimiento estadístico, resultados fiables y estándares en el campo.
Elementos que condicionan la noticiabilidad de los principales hitos informativos en materia climática: análisis de El País y El Mundo
Authors: Díaz Echarri Oiane , Iturregui Mardaras Leire , Cantalapiedra González María José
Published: March 2024

El objetivo principal del trabajo es establecer bajo qué criterios de noticiabilidad han incorporado los medios las COP y la publicación de Informes del IPCC en su agenda. Se analiza la cobertura que El País y El Mundo realizan, comparando los principales hitos informativos en materia climática de los últimos años: Cumbres del Clima (COP24, COP25, COP26, COP27) e Informes Parciales del IPCC empleando la metodología de análisis de contenido. El espacio y relevancia otorgada a estas piezas es mayor en El País, siendo en ambos diarios dependiente de la Comunicación Organizacional, especialmente de actividades de Relaciones Públicas. Se identifican el activismo, la proximidad y la polémica como elementos clave en dicha cobertura. Se determina que el cambio climático continúa sin estar incorporado de manera regular en la agenda de los medios, con una cobertura desigual en función del medio y su apuesta editorial.
Ciudadanía y multiculturalismo: Convergencias y retos del hábitat metropolitano
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Casillas Zapata Amanda Melissa , Adame Rivera Lydia Marcela , Cedillo Salazar María Teresa , Hinojosa Hinojosa Karen , Ferniza Quiroz Sheila , Lucho González Guadalupe Friné , Cepeda Rincón Francisco de Jesús , Garza Rodríguez Fabiola , Villares Junyent Míriam , Roca Bosch Elisabet , Gómez Cavazos Enrique Esteban , Rivera Castillo Sonia Guadalupe , Sosa Compeán Liliana Beatriz , Garza Martínez Antonio , Ramírez Ibarra Ramón
Published: March 2024

“Ciudadanía y multiculturalismo: Convergencias y retos del hábitat metropolitano” es una obra que busca registrar algunos de los desafíos presentes en las sociedades urbanas del siglo XXI. A través de ocho textos que tratan sobre la condición metropolitana, se encara lo múltiple desde el significado de ciudadanía hasta condiciones particulares visibles en migraciones, derechos, patrimonios y espacio público. En este primer volumen —auspiciado por el CA Estudios Transdisciplinarios sobre Urbanismo y Sociedad (ETUS) y la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León—, se proyecta una mirada analítica acerca de la planificación de las ciudades, identificando aquellos factores que inciden en una nueva cuestión urbana, de modo que, además de ser un espacio de acontecimientos ligados al capital y sus flujos, emerge con una condición demandante de atención a formas de organización política, social y cultural frente a nuevas realidades en materia de infraestructura e, incluso, antagonismos de clase y acceso a servicios públicos.
Desarrollo, bienestar y emprendimiento: Casos del Pacífico mexicano
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Cruz Chávez Plácido Roberto , Pérez Miranda Dulce Olivia , Torres García Alberto Francisco , Rivas González Juan Ignacio , Tejeda Martín Manuel Alejandro , Bravo Silva José Luis , Monroy Ceseña Mauro Alejandro , Cruz Chávez Gustavo Rodolfo , Burgoin Castro Karla Sofía , Cortés Palacios Elba Martina , Hernández Vásquez Osiris de Jesús , Villegas Espinoza Jorge Arnoldo , Coronado García Manuel Arturo , Rivera Calderón Rubén Manuel , Franco Barraza Fernando , Picasso Salazar Emmanuel , Ruiz Ceseña Francisco Isaías , Juárez Mancilla Judith , Ramírez Díaz Brenda Elizabeth , Salgado Salgado Arely del Carmen
Published: March 2024

La obra “Desarrollo, bienestar y emprendimiento: Casos del Pacífico mexicano”, coordinada por el Dr. Plácido Roberto Cruz Chávez, está dividida en seis capítulos y reúne el trabajo intelectual de los alumnos de posgrado y de los profesores-investigadores del Departamento Académico de Economía de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur (UABCS). En ésta se abordan tópicos de gran interés, principalmente, para el bienestar y desarrollo de comunitario del estado sudcaliforniano y para el resto del país. Dada las características del libro, éste se dirige principalmente a catedráticos e investigadores, pero, sobre todo, a aquellas personas que desde las diferentes instancias de los tres niveles de gobierno se encargan de la toma de decisiones en el sector empresarial. Asimismo, está dirigido a aquellos ciudadanos con mentalidad emprendedora, pero con responsabilidad ética y de respeto al entorno natural, contribuyendo en el bienestar de la sociedad.
МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ ПРАВО
Authors: Долженкова Е. , Мохорова А. Ю.
Published: March 2024

Пособие соответствует содержанию дисциплины «Международное право» основных образовательных программ. Рассмотрены: основные понятия международного права, а также история формирования системы норм международного права; соотношение норм международного и внутригосударственного права; субъекты международного права и ответственность; роль и место международных и наднациональных организаций. Предназначено для студентов высших учебных учреждений.
Adapting O’Neill in Wartime China: Beyond the Horizon as Propaganda Drama
Authors: Chen Shuying
Published: March 2024

In 1941, as the War of Resistance against Japan raged on, a production of Eugene O’Neill’s Beyond the Horizon was staged in Chongqing, the wartime capital of China. The Chinese version, Look into the Distance adapted by playwright Li Qinghua, served as propaganda to mobilize the masses for war. Through analyzing the characterization, conflicts, and theme, this article explores how the adaptation attempts to reach Chinese audiences to rally patriotism and national consciousness. Drawing on Linda Hutcheon’s theory of adaptation, this article demonstrates that Look into the Distance situates the source text into the local reality of wartime China through creative appropriation and intertextual engagement. This article aims to bring the Chinese wartime production of Beyond the Horizon to broader critical attention and further contribute to the study of Eugene O’Neill’s global reach.
Cardiovascular calcification in hemodialysis patients: A Qatar-based prevalence and risk factors study
Authors: Ghonimi Tarek , Hamad Abdullah , Fouda Tarek , AlAli Fadwa , Ezzat Mohamad , Awad Mohamed , Ibrahim Rania , Amin Mohamed , Alkadi Mohamad , Al-Malki Hassan Ali
Published: March 2024

Background: Patients with end-stage kidney disease on hemodialysis (HD) have an increased risk of death due to the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease. Vascular calcification (VC) is predictive of cardiovascular disease and mortality. We conducted a study to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for VC in dialysis patients in Qatar.

Methods: This is a retrospective nationwide study including all chronic ambulatory dialysis patients in Qatar from 2020 to 2022. We used our national electronic medical record to track demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, laboratory values, and diagnostic data for each patient. Calcifications were assessed by echocardiography (routinely done for all our dialysis population per national protocol), computed tomography, X-ray, and ultrasound. The study protocol was approved by the local medical research ethics committee (MRC-01-20-377).

Results: 842 HD patients were included in this study. Vascular calcifications (VC) were prevalent in 52.6% of patients. The main site of VC was Mitral valve calcifications in 55.5% of patients. Patients with VC were significantly older and had more prevalence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between patients with calcifications and patients without calcifications regarding serum calcium, phosphorus, and PTH level. In multivariate analysis, age and diabetes significantly increased the risk factor for calcification (95% CI 1.033–1.065, p < 0.0001, and 95% CI 1.128–2.272, p < 0001, respectively). Moreover, higher vitamin D levels and higher doses of IV Alfacalcidol were significant risk factors for calcifications (95% CI 1.005–1.030, p < 0.007, and 95% CI 1.092–1.270, p < 0.0001, respectively).

Conclusion: Our study found that vascular calcification was widespread among our dialysis population in Qatar. Implementing the practice of echocardiography in dialysis patients was extremely helpful and the most productive in detecting vascular calcification. Diabetes mellitus almost doubles the risk for vascular calcifications in dialysis patients. These results are beneficial in identifying risk factors for vascular calcification, which can help stratify dialysis patients’ risk of cardiovascular disease and optimize prevention efforts.
Catalytic NOx Aftertreatment—Towards Ultra-Low NOx Mobility
Authors: Sandhu Navjot , Yu Xiao , Zheng Ming
Published: March 2024

Article
Catalytic NOx Aftertreatment—Towards Ultra-Low NOx Mobility

Navjot Sandhu * , Xiao Yu, and Ming Zheng

Department of Mechanical, Automotive and Materials Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
* Correspondence: sandh12p@uwindsor.ca
 
 
Received: 26 January 2024
Accepted: 13 March 2024
Published: 20 March 2024
 

Abstract: The push for environmental protection and sustainability has led to strict emission regulations for automotive manufacturers as evident in EURO VII and EPA2027 requirements. The challenge lies in maintaining fuel efficiency and simultaneously reducing the carbon footprint while meeting future emission regulations. Nitrogen oxides represent one of the major and most regulated components of automotive emissions. The need to meet the stringent requirements regarding NOx emissions in both SI and CI engines has led to the development of a range of in-cylinder strategies and after-treatment techniques. In-cylinder NOx control strategies including charge dilution (fresh air and EGR), low-temperature combustion, and use of alternative fuels (as drop-in replacements or dual fuel operation) have proven to be highly effective in thermal NOx abatement. Aftertreatment methods are required to further reduce NOx emissions. Current catalytic aftertreatment systems for NOx mitigation in SI and CI engines include the three-way catalyst (TWC), selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and lean NOx trap (LNT). This review summarizes various approaches to NOx abatement in IC engines using aftertreatment catalysts. The mechanism, composition, operation parameters and recent advances in each after-treatment system are discussed in detail. The challenges to the current after-treatment scenario, such as cold start light off, catalyst poisoning and the limits of current aftertreatment solutions in relevance to the EURO VII and 2026 EPA requirements are highlighted. Lastly, recommendations are made for future aftertreatment systems to achieve ultra-low NOx emissions.
Optimasi Usaha Industri Kecil Menengah Dodol Kentang: Penyuluhan serta Pendampingan Analisis Kelayakan & Strategi Pemasaran Melalui Media Sosial di Desa Lubuk Nagodang, Kab. Kerinci
Authors: Putra Adi , Marsyaf Agesha , Arniwita Arniwita , Putra Iwan Eka
Published: March 2024

Program pengabdian ini diadakan di Desa Lubuk Nagodang menerapkan pendekatan pendampingan serta pemberdayaan pengembangan usaha pada Industri Kecil Menengah (IKM) produk Dodol Kentang. Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) dirancang oleh Tim Dosen PKM Universitas Muhammadiyah Jambi dengan melibatkan pelaku IKM, serta Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Kerinci. Metode kegiatan mencakup penyampaian materi melalui skema ceramah, sesi tanya jawab, diskusi, dan penguatan. Pendekatan ini digunakan untuk mengatasi setiap permasalahan yang diajukan oleh peserta kegiatan. Selain pendampingan, dilakukan juga evaluasi kelayakan IKM Dodol Kentang di Desa Lubuk Nagodang. Fokus analisisnya terutama pada aspek kelayakan finansial yang mencakup kelayakan ekonomi, sosial, lingkungan usaha, dan potensi pasar. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, IKM Dodol Kentang dinilai sangat layak dan memiliki peluang untuk berkembang. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan keberhasilan dari kegiatan pembinaan dari khususnya dari pemerintah daerah Kabupaten Kerinci.
Sosialisasi Metode-Metode Pengembangan Usaha Pada Badan Usaha Milik Desa (Bumdes) Kasang Kota Karang (Tanaman Holtikultura Dan Budidaya Maggot)
Authors: Soleh Ahmad , Rahayu Yunie
Published: March 2024

Desa Kasang Kota Karang di Kumpeh Ulu Muaro Jambi menunjukkan kemajuan luar biasa, tidak hanya dalam infrastruktur dan ekonomi, tetapi juga dalam pola pikir inovatif masyarakat. BUMDes Kasang Kota Karang berhasil mengelola unit usaha Air Minum layaknya PDAM, memberikan pelayanan terjangkau kepada 50 KK. Selain itu, desa ini memilih inovasi dengan melakukan budidaya maggot, larva dari Black Soldier Fly, sebagai alternatif pakan ikan. Budidaya maggot dihadapi kendala modal, namun tetap menjadi solusi untuk mengelola sampah organik dan menyediakan pakan ikan ekonomis. Desa Kasang Kota Karang juga merintis Taman Holtikultura sebagai destinasi wisata agro dan edukasi. Taman ini diharapkan menjadi pusat wisata agro dan edukasi hortikultura dengan melibatkan interaksi sosial dan ekonomi terintegrasi. Namun, ada permasalahan dalam budidaya tanaman holtikultura dan maggot, seperti kurangnya pembukuan dan kapasitas produksi yang belum optimal. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat, dilakukan penyuluhan dan pelatihan di BUMDes Kasang Kota Karang. Materi peningkatan kapasitas ternak maggot dan pembukuan sederhana disampaikan untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang dihadapi. Diharapkan, dengan pengelolaan yang lebih profesional, termasuk pembayaran atas penggunaan maggot dan strategi penjualan yang optimal, BUMDes dapat meningkatkan kapasitas produksi dan memenuhi permintaan pasar. Peningkatan usaha ini dapat mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi dan keberlanjutan Desa Kasang Kota Karang
Peningkatan Layanan Sistem Kerja dengan Program Aplikasi Manajemen Pada UPK SADU Mandiri
Authors: Yaakub Saleh , Gustinar Gustinar , Putra Iwan Eka , Winarni Etik , Pahlevi Ilham
Published: March 2024

The Activity Management Unit (UPK) is the unit that manages the operational activities of PNPM Mandiri Rural in the sub-district and helps BKAD coordinate meetings in the sub-district. UPK SADU Mandiri is located in Sungai Itik Village, SADU District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency, which operates in the savings and loans sector with the aim of helping the community, especially women (mothers). The problem is that most people do not have sufficient capital to open a business. Under these conditions, it is not uncommon for people to have to leave the area and even move to other areas to earn money to support their families. Due to this problem, the government is present through UPK SADU Mandiri to provide assistance in the form of business capital loans specifically for women residents of Sungai Itik Village. In the partner's work process, it turns out that they have quite serious problems, namely in terms of managing data on borrower participants and processing the loan amount. It is not uncommon for this to occur in errors, both in sloppy filing and in calculating data that is not well-structured. From this problem, a simple idea emerged to provide a solution by introducing and understanding technological developments, especially in terms of data processing for partners. The technology that will be applied is the Microsoft Office Word and Excel application programs. Partners will be directed and taught to process data using computers, namely by using word processing and number processing application programs, using internet media, with a faster, safer and more well-structured process. In terms of partner management, an operational standard will be created which will be adapted to conditions in the field so that it can truly be used as a reference and then standardized.
Angio-Jet Thrombolysis for Traumatic Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis; Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Alsadery Humood , Bamalan Omar , Boumarah Kawther , Alsaffar Ali , Aldhafery Bander , Foula Mohammed , Nabri Mamoun , Elbagir Adel
Published: March 2024

Background: Inferior vena cava thrombosis (IVC-Th) is a rare clinical entity after blunt abdominal trauma. It has both diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. Pulmonary embolism is the most dreadful complication and the leading cause of mortality after IVC-Th. Therefore, accurate prompt diagnosis is crucial. Objective: The aim of this article was to present a case of IVC-Th in a young male patient who had a blunt traumatic abdominal injury after a motor vehicle accident. Case presentation: The patient was brought to emergency department and was successfully managed by angio-jet thrombolysis. He developed a transient contrast nephropathy that was recovered after continuous renal replacement therapy. Several management options have been proposed in the literature, including conservative, endovascular and operative management. Conclusion: Angio-jet is a recent promising technique for managing of venous thrombosis. However, its use in cases of IVC-Th is not extensively discussed in the literature.
Juvenile Papillomatosis of the Breast: a Report of Two Cases with Review of the literature
Authors: Qurashi Mariam , Ibrahim Arwa , ElSharkawy Tarek , Nemer Areej , Alhaddad Hiyam , Hadi Maha
Published: March 2024

Background: Juvenile papillomatosis (JP) of the breast is a rare and benign proliferative disorder affecting young women. The affected patients tend to have an increased risk of breast cancer development during follow-up. Objective: This article aims to highlight a rare entity of breast disease, that harbor risk of breast cancer. Case Presentation: Here, we present 2 cases of JP in young females; the first case is a 13 year-old presented with spontaneous nipple discharge, while the other patient is a 24 year-old presented with a right breast lump. Both patients had a total excision of the breast lesions, revealing JP at histology. Discussion: Juvenile Papillomatosis is considered a clinicopathological entity and is usually misdiagnosed as fibroadenoma clinically and radiologically, which requires histological correlation. The histologic findings are well-defined (hyperplasia, papillomatosis, and multiple cysts with foamy histiocytes).The controversy in management between surgery and observation is because of insufficient knowledge about the direct relationship between JP and subsequent cancer. Conclusion: Considering the risk of developing breast cancer in JP, enrolling patients and their families in a close follow-up and surveillance program is crucial.
Sporadic Malignant Triton Tumor of Shoulder: a Case Report
Authors: Alwan Mohammad , Noar Ghaith , Alwan Ayat , Alrwabdeh Sura , Etawi Mahmood
Published: March 2024

Background: Malignant triton tumors (MTT) are subtype of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) which develop from Schwan cells of peripheral nerves or within neurofibromas, and shows rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. It is a rare soft tissue tumor with poor prognosis. Objective: We report a case of Malignant Triton Tumor (MTT) arising in the right shoulder in a 46 year old male patient presented to our Musculoskeletal Oncology Clinic at Royal Rehabilitation center at King Hussein Medical Center during June 2018. Case presentation: The patient was complaining of an 8 months long progressive right shoulder pain and swelling at the posterior lateral area of the shoulder. As accurate diagnosis is crucial in such case, investigations that included x-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated an soft tissue tumor involving the right shoulder area leading to the differential diagnosis of aggressive soft tissue tumor which laid down the plan of an open incisional biopsy to be reported histopathological as a case of Malignant Triton Tumor which is a very rare and aggressive sarcoma originates from the peripheral nerve sheaths as it is subtype of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors after which excision of the entire tumor with safety margin was performed and referred for adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: The treatment of choice is radical tumor excision with wide margins followed by chemotherapy and /or radiotherapy to improve the 5 years survival rates.
Optical Conveyance of Audio Signals: Pioneering Li-Fi Technology for High-Fidelity Data Transmission
Authors: Tuhin Saiful Islam , Rahi Sadia Mehrin , Maruf Istiyak Hasan , Khanom Sanjida , Siddika Ayesha
Published: March 2024

This paper explores the integration of Li-Fi technology for transmitting high-fidelity audio signals in modern communication systems. Li-Fi, a wireless communication technology utilizing light signals, offers numerous advantages over traditional radio frequency-based methods, including higher data rates, reduced electromagnetic interference, and enhanced security. Leveraging the unique properties of Li-Fi, such as its ability to transmit data through light waves, this study investigates its potential application in audio signal transmission. Through experimental analysis and theoretical considerations, we demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of Li-Fi for delivering high-quality audio signals in various scenarios. Our findings contribute to advancing the understanding of Li-Fi technology and its potential role in shaping the future of wireless audio communication.
Emotional Intelligence and Emotional Self-Regulation: A Qualitative Case Study of Undergraduate University Students in Peshawar
Authors: Solehria Tabassum Faiz , Ahmad Syed Munir
Published: March 2024

This study sought to explore the interplay between emotional intelligence and emotional self-regulation in undergraduate university students. This study was conducted to investigate the emotional intelligence level of undergraduate university students and to examine the difficulties faced by the students in the attainment of their emotional intelligence. The study was conducted in four universities in Peshawar; the sample included forty (40) purposively selected participants. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the qualitative findings. The results of the study show that most of the students faced several emotional problems in connection with their academic performance as well as in their personal lives. The findings also show that the students in the early level were significantly different in EI than the students in the senior semesters. These findings suggest that there should be resources, facilities, and guidance services options in universities for students to regulate their emotions properly.