bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE SOCIO-ANTHROPOLOGICAL IDEAS IN THE AMERICAN CRITICAL REALISM (GEORGE SANTAYANA)
Authors: V. M. Petrushov  , I. V. Tolstov
Published: July 2018

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze George Santayana’s socio-anthropological ideas, which are presented in his works The Life of Reason: or The Phases of Human Progress and Dominations and Powers: Reflections on Liberty, Society and Government. Realization of the purpose will provide fresh insight into the problem of finding the value basis of modern human existence, ways of improving self-knowledge with the aim of further self-realization and development of the latent potential. Methodology. The methodological basis of the investigation is a pluralistic strategy that combines historical-philosophical analysis and the socio- anthropological approach. Originality. Santayana’s ideas about the human and society may seem utopian in the context of the realities of modern life. On the other hand, his concept that the vital mission of humans is to live the way they were destined to remains topical. Acceptance of one’s fate leads not to inaction and self-denial but to self-knowledge and action, to self-expression in science, poetry, religion and art, to realization of one's true mission, which is of a culture creator. His idea about the primary role of the USA in establishing a rational and fair world order is also topical. Conclusions. The way to self-realization of the human being is through the self-knowledge in the Socratic sense and the scientific knowledge of the world around. The objective of the scientific cognition does not imply that reason should guide life, but that it may help to achieve a certain harmony between the conflicting desires, passions and ambitions of the human being, and the vital «impulses» of different people or countries by means of a compromise. Reason may help to rationalize life, at least partially, so that it could become more stable and safe to ensure happiness and freedom, which are the greatest desires of every human being.
PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE NATURE OF VIOLENCE
Authors: N. M. Boychenko
Published: July 2018

Purpose. In order to consistently distinguish between violence, which is always primarily a destructive force, and the civilized use of force that involves constructive, creative goals, one should explore the main possible philosophical approaches to understand the nature of violence and try to give it a systematic outline. Methodology. This study uses a systematic approach to identify the internal relationship between different forms of violence and, accordingly, the counteraction against violence. Also, the author uses an axiology to identify the values that are the basis for distinguishing violence from its prototypes, as well as for the distinction between violence and coercion, as well as different types of coercion. Originality. This article presents significant clarifications on the classification of types of violence, in particular, it is clearly established that certain types of violence can not have ethical relevance, since they belong to the sphere of biology (expansion, aggression) or social anthropology (cultural, institutional coercion). Actually violence or violence in the narrow sense implies the existence of will, consciousness and destructive purpose. Accordingly, counteraction against violence should include the formation of a certain non-violent type of will, non-violent culture and creative, constructive goals. This requires both personal effort and institutional support and the availability of appropriate moral traditions. Ethical theory is intended to clarify and systematize these efforts. In this sense, ethics is the core of practical philosophy. To the extent that the influence of ethics on changes in human culture and sociality in the counterfactual regime is increasing, one should also speak of the anthropological significance of ethics. Conclusions. From the socio-philosophical point of view, it is necessary to specify exactly which social institutions and in which constellation generate violence. The ethical aspect of the study of violence involves categorizing the problem in terms of good and evil: violence is evil, as opposed to coercion, which can be justified, legitimated - but always from the point of view of promoting the development of society and the individual, encouraging the disclosure of his creative potential. Counterfactuality acts as an important ethical category, which reveals the transformation mechanism applied by human relative to himself and society while focusing on the values of goodness and other constructive and creative values.
GOOD AND EVIL AS VECTORS OF FREE WILL IN THE STRUCTURE OF ANTHROPIC TIME
Authors: V. B. Khanzhy  , D. M. Lyashenko
Published: July 2018

Purpose. The work is aimed at comprehending good and evil as vectors of free will in the structure of anthropic time. Methodology. The study is based on: 1) the general theory of systems (A. I. Uyomov, A. Yu. Tsofnas, L. N. Terentyeva) – while justifying the possibility of representing the anthropic time as a system in general; 2) synergetics – while considering the anthropic time as a complex self-organizing system; 3) the concept of «а whole in a whole» (I. V. Yershova-Babenko) – while identifying the optimal principle of correlation of the time units, taking into attention their ethical multi-vectority. Originality. In the context of the reconstruction of the concept of anthropic time: 1) the authors revealed ethical vectors of expansion of free will as the driving principle of human temporality (the vectors of «freedom for good» and «freedom for evil»); 2) the authors justified the optimality of using the principle of complementarity in solving the problem of harmonizing the coexistence of units of anthropic time («matryoshkas of time»). Conclusion. 1) In a line with the tradition of anthropologization of the problem of good and evil, these intentions of human activity are interpreted as vectors of free will in the structure of anthropic time; 2) the paper represented anthropic time as a system in general (based on the general theory of systems) and as a complex self-organizing system in particular (based on a synergetic methodology); 3) constituting of the system of anthropic time by the existential-actionable concept allowed to overcome the position of the one-vectored time, i.e.to reveal the ethical binarity of the anthropic time vectors prepared by the duality of expansion of free will as its driving principle; 4) formulation of the problem of discrepancy between the intentions of different temporal systems showed the optimality of the complementarity principle in solving the question how to harmonize the relations of anthropic time units; 5) the conducted research opens prospects for consideration of external determinants of anthropic time, as well as for search of variants of their correlation with the internal mover (free will) in the structure of human temporality.
CONDITIONS OF HISTORICITY OF HUMAN EXISTENCE AND HISTORY HUMANITY ACCORDING TO JASPERS
Authors: V. V. Khmil  , O. M. Korkh
Published: July 2018

Purpose. The research is aimed at understanding Jaspers' ideas concerning independent self-determination of a special and distinctive identity as a main condition of history humanity and historicity of human existence. The research is based on ideological heritage of Karl Jaspers, as well as cultural and historical analysis on the basis of historical, logical and comparative principles reflected in the papers of national and foreign scientists. As a result, it made possible to model cultural and historical context, philosophical and theoretical origins and world view intentions of the German philosopher. Originality. The analysis has shown that the key concepts of Jaspers' philosophy were focused to determine and substantiate a main condition of historical dynamics and humanism, namely the existence of a unique and distinctive identity able to create and generate new values that can turn into universal ones and give impetus to our society and promote its further humanization. Conclusions. According to this investigation, Jaspers' key concepts are immanently subject to justifying the conditions of history humanity and historicity of human existence. In their unity they allow us to adequately understand connection between social dynamics and humanism with unique individuals and distinctive identities that can create and generate new values with further social development prospects. Favourable conditions for these unique individuals to appear prevent from numerous unsafe challenges, which are a certain threat to our society. And on the contrary, if there are no such conditions for a human, he is prone to any totalitarianism, personal crime and can be a faithful servant of any leader.
HISTORICAL-PHILOSOPHICAL-LEGAL RESEARCH OF THE PHENOMENON OF THE GENDER AS THE FACTOR OF THE SOCIAL STATUS OF THE UKRAINIAN WOMAN
Authors: H. F. Moskalyk  , M. Y. Baranovska  , M. O. Bulach
Published: July 2018

Topicality. Under the conditions of Ukraine’s integration into the European community, there is an urgent need to restructure all social institutions, freeing them from all forms of discrimination, including on the basis of gender. Modern problems of the state's socioeconomic development require a new look at the functional roles of men and women, as well as the understanding that the political, economic, cultural future of society depends on overcoming gender stereotypes that are deeply rooted in the social and individual consciousness and inhibit social progress, and also the development of democracy. That is why, today, it is extremely important to study the issue of social influence and the role of women and determine their social status against the backdrop of the historical development of our state. Purpose. The article studies the emergence and adoption of the phenomenon of gender as a factor of the social status of the Ukrainian woman in the historical, philosophical and legal realm. Methodology. In the research process the authors used the methods of analyzing and synthesizing historical sources to study the content and main provisions of philosophical concepts and legal norms that formed the social status of a Ukrainian woman at different historical periods of society development, with their subsequent comparison and generalization. Originality. The work further develops the theory of gender processes with the use of interdisciplinary approaches to the study of the phenomenon of gender in the historical, philosophical and legal field as a factor of the social status of the Ukrainian woman, to critically re-evaluate the value guidelines on the construction of modern society and the formation of new ideas about the role and model of behavior of men and women and their interaction in society. Conclusions. For a long time, the social status of women was formed under the influence of philosophical views and concepts, slowly turned into the moral traditions of peoples and the rule of law. The high status of a woman, as a full-fledged member of society, formed in the early state stages, lost its relevance already in the days of antiquity. The woman became a symbol of exclusively domestic, family relations and played the role of guardian of the private foundations of the social being of men. This trend found its continuation in the Roman Empire, significantly increased in the Middle Ages and left an imprint in the philosophy of modern times and German classical philosophy. In the period from Kievan Rus to the twentieth century, the Ukrainian woman remained a victim of stereotyped thinking. Despite the normative settlement of the equality of men and women in modern conditions, this equality has a purely declarative nature.
PHILOSOPHY OF WAR AND PEACE: IN SEARCH OF NEW EUROPEAN SECURITY STRATEGY
Authors: Bazaluk O. O. , Svyrydenko D. B.
Published: July 2018

Introduction. The contemporary European social and cultural landscape feels the pressure of security challenges. It is true, that Europe has a strategy of overcoming the possible challenges, but it has sense to review ones strategy abilities to be effective at the face of new manifestations of aggression. Methodology. The authors use heuristic philosophical methodology which can make mentioned strategy more holistic having clear vision of the essence of war and peace phenomena. The research is going to perform precious conceptualization of the strategy contours initiated at the previous publications of O. Bazaluk. Originality. Authors defined the series “fatal” mistakes of the European Security Strategy and formulated the list of objectives of the revised security strategy. Conclusions. Five key objectives of perspective European Security Strategy were formulated. The first objective should include the complex measures for the identification, registration and organization of the system of preventive work with mentalities, in which the pathologies in the structure and function of the neural ensembles of subconsciousness and consciousness are clearly expressed that refract the active principle (as natural force) in aggressive manifestations. The second one should include the complex measures ensuring control over the direction of the physicochemical, predisposing, provoking and supporting factors of the external environment that have a direct impact on the manifestations of a mental space in ontogeny. The third objective should include the complex measures of prediction and solution of international (interstate) conflicts. The fourth objective of the security strategy should be aimed at eliminating the cause of war. The fifth objective should provide the complex measures involving the peaceful extension of comfortable conditions for the full realization of its internal creative potentials by a mental space.
Conservative management for patients with chronic kidney disease refusing dialysis
Authors: Castro Manuel Carlos Martins
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT Estimates suggest that 20-30% of the deaths of patients with chronic kidney disease with indication to undergo dialysis occur after refusal to continue dialysis, discontinuation of dialysis or inability to offer dialysis on account of local conditions. Contributing factors include aging, increased comorbidity associated with chronic kidney disease, and socioeconomic status. In several occasions nephrologists will intervene, but at times general practitioners or family physicians are on their own. Knowledge of the main etiologies of chronic kidney disease and the metabolic alterations and symptoms associated to end-stage renal disease is an important element in providing patients with good palliative care. This review aimed to familiarize members of multidisciplinary care teams with the metabolic alterations and symptoms arising from chronic kidney disease treated clinically without the aid of dialysis.
A relação entre os sinais de pontuação e o processamento de leitura de alunos concluintes do Ensino Médio
Authors: Almeida Simone Aparecida , Fonseca Aline Alves
Published: July 2018

Este artigo é resultado de um dos experimentos realizados em uma pesquisa de Mestrado que busca investigar se há uma relação entre produção e percepção prosódica dos sinais de pontuação na leitura em voz alta e a compreensão do texto. Para isso, manipulamos ausência/presença de sinais de pontuação no texto-estímulo, a fim de observar a influência desse fator na produção e na compreensão. Os resultados sugerem que a ausência de sinais de pontuação pode influenciar a produção da leitura em voz alta e a retenção lexical, mas não a compreensão global do texto.
Desenvolvimento das estratégias de leitura em dois diferentes métodos de alfabetização
Authors: Alves Godoy Dalva Maria , Pinheiro Ângela Maria Vieira
Published: July 2018

O presente estudo investiga o desenvolvimento da leitura no português brasileiro em fases bem iniciais de aprendizagem. Foram contrastados dois grupos de alunos, um em processo de alfabetização pelo método fônico (N=23) e outro pelo método global (N=19), ambos cursando o 2º ano da rede particular de ensino (Midade= 7; 9 anos). Objetivou averiguar a influência do método de ensino no desenvolvimento das rotas fonológica e lexical. A leitura em voz alta foi avaliada por meio de uma lista de palavras manipuladas conforme a regularidade (regular-irregular), frequência (alta-baixa), extensão (curta-longa) e lexicalidade (palavra-pseudopalavra). Os resultados confirmam que a leitura no português, mesmo em fase inicial de aprendizagem, é processada pela rota fonológica e lexical de forma concomitante. A interação entre as variáveis psicolinguísticas e o método de ensino mostrou que o desenvolvimento da rota lexical é favorecido pelo método fônico.
A pesquisa científica no campo da compreensão em leitura: um estudo analítico da produção acadêmica
Authors: Giraldello Ademir Paulo , Finger-Kratochvil Claudia
Published: July 2018

Considerando a avaliação da compreensão leitora, existem diversos testes em larga escala. Com os indicadores de instrumentos avaliativos, vêm estatísticas alarmantes. Há, entre os brasileiros, baixos níveis de compreensão e acentuado índice de analfabetismo funcional. Portanto, este trabalho investigou o que a comunicação científica tem compartilhado a respeito da leitura, em especial da compreensão em leitura. Para isso, foram selecionados para análise, por meio da Plataforma Sucupira, 33 periódicos científicos Qualis A1 e A2 com escopos relacionados à leitura. Desse corpus de periódicos, analisaram-se publicações com assunto em leitura de 2011 a 2015. Os dados indicam, em primeiro lugar, que contribuições da Psicologia têm forte influência na pesquisa de leitura e compreensão. Em segundo, evidenciam que compreensão é a temática mais frequente em produções eletrônicas. Por fim, constata-se que, cada vez mais, se investigam facetas da compreensão acerca das bases neurobiológicas da leitura, bem como há diversas pesquisas que propõem estratégias para melhoria da compreensão em leitura.
Nurses’ knowledge of and willingness to promote female condom use in Johannesburg Health District
Authors: Petkova Magdelena S. , Elabor Zuberu B. , Djarova-Daniels Trayana , Pavlova Emilia G. , Omole Olufemi B.
Published: July 2018

The female condom is the only current method for female partners to simultaneously prevent both pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Studies of various contraceptive methods suggest that providers’ acceptance and endorsement may be a key factor in their clients’ uptake and continued use of a method. Our aim in this study was to assess the relationship between nurses’ knowledge of and their willingness to promote female condom use in 18 public healthcare facilities within the Johannesburg District. The mean score of correct answers of 398 nurses completing an anonymous, self-administered, six-item questionnaire was 4 out of a maximum of 6. Data analysis included the use of descriptive statistics and a chi-square test. It was found that 79% of participants were knowledgeable but only 59% were willing to promote female condom use. There was no association between knowledge of and willingness to promote female condom use. The following significant associations with knowledge and willingness to promote female condom use were found: family planning experience, being employed by a local government authority, working in a primary care clinic and having had informal training on female condom use. Informal training of nurses within the family planning unit in the clinics has the potential to improve nurses’ knowledge and willingness to promote female condom use.

Significance:

This is the first study conducted in South Africa on the knowledge of and willingness of healthcare providers to promote female condom use.

An effective strategy is needed to motivate healthcare workers to promote female condom use with their patients.

Informal training of nurses within the family planning unit has the potential to improve nurses’ knowledge of and willingness to promote female condom use.
The good, the bad and the ugly of South African fatal road accidents
Authors: Verster Tanja , Fourie Erika
Published: July 2018

We reflect on the good, the bad and the ugly of the fatal accidents occurring on South Africa’s roads. The cost of human lives indisputably equates to ‘the ugly’ and the economic cost of accidents associates with ‘the bad’. ‘The good’ relates to the reduction of both these costs that may result from the entrance of self-driving cars into the South African market as well as awareness campaigns like the Arrive Alive National Road Safety Strategy. The general contribution of this paper is to raise awareness of the effects of accidents, more specifically fatal accidents. Current trends in terms of human factors as well as road and environmental factors involved in the fatal accidents on South African roads are summarised. This paper also serves as a preliminary investigation into possible factors influencing these accidents, which ought to be of interest to a very broad readership, more specifically those focusing on risk analysis, and certainly is of interest to any citizen of South Africa.Significance:

Awareness is raised of the effects of fatal accidents on South African roads.
Current trends in terms of human factors as well as road and environmental factors on road accidents are reflected upon.
The futuristic effect of self-driving cars is explored.
Relação entre os pensamentos ruminativos e índices de ansiedade e depressão em estudantes de psicologia
Authors: Bezerra Marilia Lopes Oliveira , Siquara Gustavo Marcelino , Abreu José Neander Silva
Published: July 2018

O período universitário é marcado por descobertas e desafios que podem servir como gatilho para o desenvolvimento de transtornos de humor e ansiedade. A sucessão de fatores estressores é observada em estudantes de diversas nacionalidades e culturas, destacando-se o papel dos pensamentos ruminativos e sua prevalência em indivíduos propensos a estados de humor deprimido. O presente estudo realiza uma análise transversal em 166 estudantes de psicologia de 03 instituições de ensino superior da Cidade de Salvador, na Bahia, através da aplicação de escalas psicométricas sendo elas: Questionário de Ruminação e Reflexão (QRR), Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE) e Inventário Beck de Depressão (BDI). Os dados obtidos foram analisados através do programa estatístico SPSS 20.0. Para as análises foram utilizadas ferramentas de estatísticas descritiva e inferencial como a correlação de Sperman e teste t de student. A ansiedade e depressão apresentam forte correlação, com a escala de pensamentos ruminativos. Os níveis clínicos de ansiedade e depressão estiveram acima do que a literatura aponta ao comparar com a população geral. O acometimento dos estudantes universitários por ansiedade e depressão gera grande impacto na produtividade e inserção profissional, e os prejuízos relacionados a estes transtornos extrapolam para o meio social onde os mesmos estão inseridos. Por isso, torna-se necessária a adoção de medidas preventivas, que permitam um maior equilíbrio emocional e psíquico desses indivíduos.
On SSK and Conversing with Scientists: Eugénia Rodrigues Talks with Michael J. Mulkay
Authors: Rodrigues Eugenia , Mulkay Michael J.
Published: July 2018

Mike Mulkay takes Eugénia Rodrigues through a journey that revisits his involvement in the Sociology of Scientific Knowledge and STS. They talk dates, career moves, foundational work, books, and how it all started with a denied visa application from the US. Running under this formalistic level, though, other themes emerge: the notion of a “field” and its meaning in STS; the observed lack of epistemological and methodological rigor in research practice; Mulkay’s unsuccessful (on his own account) project on the literary forms or his unfazed take on the work produced by the “Edinburgh School.” It is a fascinating expedition and one that reveals some very present-day questions for STS, not least about the meanings of engagement and reflexivity. A reflection by Eugénia Rodrigues follows the interview.
Kitle Fonlaması Finansman Yöntemi: Türkiye’de Sistemin Geliştirilmesine Yönelik Öneriler
Authors: Çonkar Mehmet Kemalettin , Canbaz Muhammet Fatih
Published: July 2018

Kitle fonlaması günümüzde girişimcilerin kullanabileceği
bir finansman seçeneği olarak tanınma ve geliştirilmeyi beklemektedir. Bu
modern araç özünde girişimciler için bir fon temin etme aracı olarak
değerlendirilse de fon sağlayanlar açısından sadece borç vermekten farklı
olarak reel bir yatırıma ortak olma olanakları da sunan bir yöntem olarak
farklılaşmaktadır. Özellikle Amerika ve Avrupa’da hızlı gelişme gösteren bu
yöntem ülkemizde henüz Aralık 2017’de yasal çerçeveye kavuşmuştur. Kitle
fonlaması fona ihtiyaç duyan girişimcilerin kitle fonlaması sitelerine fon
temini için başvurmaları ile başlar. İlgili internet platformları üzerinden
projelerini açık çağrı ile potansiyel yatırımcılara sunulmasıyla devam eder ve
nihayetinde yatırımcıların finanse etmek istedikleri projeleri fonlaması ile
süreç son bulmaktadır.

Kitle fonlaması toplumun tüm kesimlerinin kolaylıkla
ulaşabileceği bir finansal araç olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Ülkemizde geçiş
aşamasını yaşayan bu yöntemin hızlı gelişeceği düşünülmekle beraber sistemin
yaygınlaşması için atılması gereken bazı adımlar ve alınması gereken bazı
tedbirler söz konusudur. Bu çalışmada amacımız kitle fonlamasının ülkemizde
geliştirilmesi adına yapılması gerekenleri ortaya koyarak değerlendirmeye çalışmak
olacaktır. Çalışmanın uygulamada yapılacak iyileştirmelere ve akademik
çalışmalara kaynaklık edeceği düşünülmektedir.
Kurumsal İktisatta Açılan Yeni Bir Pencere: Douglass C. North Perspektifinden Kurumların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YOLAL EROĞLU Merve
Published: July 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ekonomik ve kurumsal değişimi değerlendirirken “cliometrics” (kantitatif yöntemlerin uygulanması yoluyla tarih analizi yöntemi) alanda yaptığı öncü çalışmaları ve kurumsal iktisat alanına sağladığı katkılarından dolayı 1993 yılında Nobel Ekonomi Ödülü’ ne layık görülen Douglass C. North’un kurumlar hakkındaki düşüncelerini açıklamaktır. Çalışmada, Yeni Kurumsal İktisata farklı bir bakış açısı getiren Douglass Cecil North’un perspektifinden kural ve kurum olgusu, kurumsal yapıya bağlı olarak değişen ve ekonomik performansı etkileyen işlem maliyetleri ve mülkiyet hakları konusu ile kurumsal değişimin nedenleri ve kurumsal değişimin ekonomik performans üzerindeki etkileri incelenecektir.
Impact of Ownership Concentration on Capital Structures: A Case of Turkish Banking Sector
Authors: EREM CEYLAN Işıl
Published: July 2018

This study aims to determine the effects of the listed deposit banks’
ownership concentration on capital structures. In this context; ten deposit
banks listed on Borsa Istanbul have been evaluated for the period of 2005-2015
and panel data analysis has been used. As the ownership structure variables;
major shareholders and free float rate have been used and the ratios particular
to banking sector have been analysed as capital structure variables. In
conclusion, the findings have shown that major shareholder, free float rate,
return on assets and bank size variables have a statistically significant
impact on the banks’ capital structures.
Estudio léxico de verbos de transferencia + clíticos en la variedad argentina del español
Authors: Palachi Cadina Mariel
Published: July 2018

Este trabajo analiza, en el marco de las teorías generativistas sobre el léxico, verbos cuyo significado de transferencia cambia en presencia del clítico las en la variedad argentina del español, como en (1). Se trata de predicados complejos o locuciones idiomáticas que,  a diferencia de las construcciones tratadas en la bibliografía (generalmente verbo + nombre -o sintagmas nominales/determinante) y cuyo peso semántico se suele atribuir a la unión de ambos constituyentes, están conformadas por un verbo + clítico(s). En los ejemplos de (1) el verbo y el clítico forman una unidad de sentido sin que a ninguno de los dos pueda atribuírsele una aproximación al significado resultante de la unión, puesto que el verbo modifica su significado estándar. Fundamentalmente, el clítico (las) parece no tener referencia posible y se comporta casi como un expletivo.(1) Se las tomó (se fue) / Se la tomó en serio.Se las da de mucho /  Juan se las da. (es soberbio)Juan se mandó nomás.Juan se la manda siempre.Se la tira de inteligente / de vivo.Jimena Barón la rompió en el Bailando. ¿Cuál es el procedimiento de creación léxica que produce este tipo de modificaciones en el significado verbal? ¿Es un mecanismo de modificación de los rasgos semánticos o es de tipo morfológico? En cualquier caso, cabe preguntarse también cuáles son los rasgos fundamentales del verbo que permanecen en el resultado y cuáles cambian.       Este trabajo plantea preguntas para futuras investigaciones especialmente relacionadas con el estatuto categorial del clítico y la posibilidad de realizar un estudio comparativo con otras variedades del español.
Descripción fraseológica del Libro de Buen Amor desde una teoría fraseométrica
Authors: Pla Colomer Francisco Pedro
Published: July 2018

La presente investigación tiene como finalidad el análisis de las variantes fraseológicas documentadas en el Libro de Buen Amor, tomando como base los principales testimonios conservados (S, T y G), en contraste con otra documentación castellana medieval. Con todo ello, además de inventariar las locuciones insertas en la obra del Arcipreste de Hita, se pretende constatar la relación existente entre ritmo y métrica, por un lado, y el proceso de fijación de las locuciones durante el reinado de Alfonso Onceno (1312-1350), por otro, desde la perspectiva de una fraseometría histórica.
Las colocaciones en el español académico: diseño de una investigación experimental sobre los efectos del Enfoque léxico
Authors: Chamorro Guerrero María Dolores
Published: July 2018

Desde hace ya alguna década, distintos estudios neurolingüísticos vienen subrayando la importancia de los elementos prefabricados en la construcción del discurso oral y escrito de los hablantes nativos. Esta orientación de la investigación ha abierto interesantes perspectivas para el desarrollo de muchas áreas lingüísticas, y en concreto para la pedagogía de lenguas, pues parece que se allana el camino para que el aprendiz de una lengua se haga con un dominio más efectivo de ella, como sostiene el Enfoque Léxico. Desgraciadamente no existen suficientes estudios empíricos que validen los presupuestos de esta metodología. Como contribución preliminar para subsanar esta carencia, presentamos en este artículo una propuesta de investigación experimental consistente en la elaboración de un glosario de colocaciones, que permita desarrollar una herramienta didáctica en base a la cual pueda evaluarse el efecto de la instrucción explícita de las colocaciones en la producción de textos en el ámbito académico. Palabras clave:  Lexicología,  Lingüística aplicada,  Enseñanza de lenguas,   Español LE Collocation in Academic Spanish: An Experimental Research Project on the Effects of the Lexical Approach For some decades now, various neurolinguistic studies have highlighted the importance of prefabricated elements in the construction of oral and written discourse among native speakers. This line of research has lead to the development of new and interesting perspectives within many linguistic areas, not least in the field of language teaching, in which theories such as the Lexical Approach appear to be paving the way towards the more effective achievement of second language proficiency. Unfortunately, empirical studies that validate this methodological approach are still lacking. The present article attempts to address this issue, to some extent, by presenting an experimental research proposal focused on the elaboration of a glossary of collocations. This glossary will facilitate the development of a didactic tool through which the effect of explicit instruction of collocations in the production of academic texts can be evaluated.  Key words: Lexicology,  Applied Linguistics,   Language Teaching,   Spanish SL
PRÁCTICA ARTÍSTICA COMO REIVINDICACIÓN SOCIAL EN LA INFANCIA Y LA TERCERA EDAD: comportamiento y reflexión ante la creación de prácticas artísticas colectivas/comunitarias
Authors: Sanabrias Moreno Déborah
Published: July 2018

Este artículo recoge la experiencia de una investigación educativa basada en las artes, donde se ha acercado el ámbito artístico al alumnado de educación infantil y a personas de la tercera edad, con el fin de conocer las preocupaciones sociales existentes en la población de estas edades y usar el arte como medio de expresión y comunicación colectiva. De igual modo, se ha pretendido analizar cuáles son las posibles diferencias existentes en el comportamiento mostrado ante la creación de una práctica artística en ambos grupos de sujetos investigados.
Exame Papanicolau: fatores que influenciam a não realização do exame em mulheres de 40 a 65 anos
Authors: Leite Kamila Nethielly Souza , Da Silva Joyce Pereira , De Sousa Kilmara Melo , Rodrigues Sheila Da Costa , De Souza Talita Araujo , Alves Janiele Paulino , De Souza Ana Regina Dantas , Rodrigues Ana Renata da Silva
Published: July 2018

Introdução: O câncer de colo de útero é o terceiro tipo decâncer maligno com a maior frequência de acometimentoem mulheres no Brasil e em outros países em processo dedesenvolvimento. No Brasil, o rastreio desse câncer é realizadoutilizando o exame Papanicolau que consiste na coleta de umapequena amostra celular do epitélio cervical e vaginal, paraavaliação microscópica e diagnóstico da presença de câncerou não. Objetivo: Caracterizar os fatores que influenciammulheres de 40 a 65 anos de idade a não realizarem o examePapanicolau. Casuística e Métodos: O estudo foi do tipodescritivo e analítico, com abordagem quantitava. A populaçãofoi composta por 200 mulheres cadastradas na Unidade Básicade Saúde escolhida para o local da pesquisa. A coleta de dadosfoi realizada na unidade de saúde do estudo nos meses desetembro a outubro de 2017. A amostra constou de 30 mulheresque se enquadraram nos critérios de inclusão. O instrumentoutilizado para coleta de dados foi um questionário não validadoestruturado previamente, elaborado pelos autores, contendoquestões socio-demográficas e dados referentes ao objetivodo estudo. Os dados coletados foram submetidos a análiseestatística descritiva e disponibilizados por meio de tabelas,com auxílio do programa Excel Office 2010. Resultados:Das entrevistadas, 50% possuem entre 40 a 50 anos de idade,43% possuem ensino fundamental incompleto; 67% tem rendaaté um salário mínimo. Constatou-se que as entrevistadastendem a realizar o Papanicolau anualmente, mas existemfatores que influenciam a não realização do exame. Os motivosmais relatados são vergonha, medo e medo do diagnóstico.Conclusão: O medo do diagnóstico e a vergonha são osprincipais fatores que influenciam a não adesão das mulheresao exame Papanicolau, na faixa etária estudada. Apesar dasestratégias nacionais para aumentar a cobertura do exame,ainda existem essas dificuldades relacionadas a realização,influenciando na baixa cobertura a nível nacional.
On the Issue of Comorbidity in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Morozov S.A.
Published: July 2018

The phenomenon of comorbidity in autism spectrum disorders is considered as one of the factors underlying
the expressed polymorphism of the clinic of autism. According to author’s research, among 628 children with
severe multiple developmental disorders, the incidence of autistic disorders was significantly higher (40—50%)
than the population’s average (1%, World Health Organization data). The variations of the interrelations of
autism and comorbid disorders are highlighted, the possibilities of usage the obtained data for implementation
of differentiated approach to support with autism are considered
Application of Sensory-Acoustic Noise Technique in Speech Therapy
Authors: Andreeva S.V.
Published: July 2018

Paper describes author’s correctional technique used in speech-therapeutic practice at the stage of speech formation
in children with autism, burdened with pronounced intellectual disability. The technique of sensoryacoustic noise allows children to memorize the studied material quickly and qualitatively. Also it helps to work with children with autism spectrum disorders that have hypersensitivity, including acoustic sensitivity. The speech-therapy program aimed at forming of verbal function in students without productive speech of the approbated in primary correctional school branch of the Federal Resource Center for the organization of comprehensive support of children with autism spectrum disorders is presented.
Examination of a Child with ASD in PsychologicalMedical-Pedagogical Commission with the Use of Assessment of Basic Language and Learning Skills, Revisited (ABBLS-R)
Authors: Ovsyannikova T.M. , Lapshina S.A. , Tyzhinova N.Y. , Berdnikova A.A.
Published: July 2018

Problems of assessment of children with autism spectrum disorders during the psychological-medical-pedagogical
commission (PMPC) are discussed. Psychological and pedagogical diagnostics of such children has its
own specific, first of all, because of difficulties of contact establishment. In the period from January to October
2016, the specialists of the Central PMPC conducted 42 diagnostic procedures for children with ASD with the
use of standard assessment methods and some scales of Assessment of Basic Language and Learning Skills, Revisited
(ABBLS-R). Based on the results of the performed study, it was concluded that diagnostic procedures
with the use of the ABLLS-R allows to identify areas of skills which are most in need of intervention as well as
frequent deficiencies in the development of speech. Also, the technique allows you to objectively assess the level
of development of such an important social skill as imitation and sensitivity to the nuances of others actions.
Adolescent’s socio-cognitive representations (images) of different social groups
Authors: Rean A.A. , Konovalov I.A.
Published: July 2018

The article is dedicated to the results of the study, which was aimed at the research of adolescent’s socio-cognitive representations (images) of social groups (parents, classmates, teachers, policemen, public officials). 7000 high-school students from different cities and villages of Russia took part at the research. Age: 14—18. Deviant adolescent’s socio-cognitive representations (images) are also studied. The sample of deviant adolescents — 127 participants. Method: «80 adjectives» (by A. Rean) technique was used. Сontingency table method was used for the evaluation of correlation between adjective choice preferences and the participant’s group. χ-square test was used for statistical significance evaluation. The major findings are: adolescents use mostly positive adjectives for description of parents, mostly negative descriptors for policemen and public offocials, both for classmates and teachers. Descriptor-choice preferences are found among different groups of participants.
Interaction of a psychologist with subjects of the educational process in US schools
Authors: Cottle T.V. , Krushelnitskaya O.B. , Orlov V.A.
Published: July 2018

This article explores approaches of constructive and effective collaboration among a school psychologist and other stakeholders in the education process. Effective collaboration among all stakeholders such as students, teachers, admins, parents, and psychologists is the key point to offer a “whole child” education. High motivation for learning, positive behavior, and excellent academic results greatly depend on the strong collaborative culture and atmosphere in the school building. The presented dialog of MSUPE professors and Dr. Cottle, who has many years of experience working in American schools as a school counselor, demonstrated main points of the counseling program via social-emotional support to students at one given school. This shared experience of the school counselor is an invaluable piece of information for Russian researchers, practitioners, and especially for new professionals. This article presents a dialog among three parties which invite a reader to explore this topic from the point of view of Russian and American professionals.
The Third Annual Scientific-Practical Conference in memory of M.Y. Kondratyev “Social Psychology: Issues of Theory and Practice”
Authors: Raskhodchikova M.N.
Published: July 2018

The article gives information on the main results of the Third Annual Scientific- Practical Conference in memory of M.Y. Kondratyev «Social Psychology: Issues of Theory and Practice», held in May 2018 at the Moscow State Psychological and Pedagogical University. Current trends in the development of social psychology are presented, the actual directions of research in this area are highlighted.
Undrained Gouge Plasticity Stabilizes Rupture Dynamics of Rough Faults
Authors: Hirakawa Evan , Ma Shuo
Published: July 2018

We consider a poro-elasto-plastic model of fault gouge and study its effects on the rupture dynamics of fractally rough faults. The model consists of a combined Mohr–Coulomb and end-cap yield surface in the gouge layer and allows compaction and dilatancy with undrained pore-pressure changes. We show that gouge compaction at restraining bends causes pore-pressure increase and allows rupture to propagate through segments that arrest rupture in the case with only the brittle failure off the fault. On the other hand, strengthening by undrained gouge dilatancy at releasing bends limits the tendency of supershear rupture from the case with only the brittle off-fault failure. Slip distributions and rupture velocities become more uniform due to the stabilizing tendency of the pore fluids in the fault gouge. The previously observed tendency for ruptures to accelerate and decelerate at releasing and restraining bends respectively can be reversed.
Effect of chewing gum on bowel motility in post operative patients following abdominal surgery: a clinical outcome based study
Authors: Kumar Anil , Kumari Rekha , Kumar Sushil , Raj Pragati
Published: July 2018

Background: One very important complication of abdominal surgeries is postoperative ileus which results in severe patient discomfort, prolonged hospitalization, and enhanced treatment cost. This study was conducted with an aim to analyze the clinical outcome of effect of chewing gum mainly to avoid post-operative paralytic ileus in post-operative patients of abdominal surgeries.Methods: In this study total 200 patients were included, 100 were cases and remaining were controls. The cases were given chewing gum to chew after the surgery while the controls were allowed to heal without chewing gums in conventional style and both were observed hourly for clinical outcome.Results: Among cases the mean duration of first sound heard was 26.3 hours while among controls this was 38.8 hours (p<0.001), the mean duration of first flatus passed among cases was 50.7 hours while that among controls was 68.5 hours, the mean duration of first Bowel passed among cases was 92.4 hours while that among controls was 128.3 hours (p<0.001). On comparing cases of routine with emergency surgeries, gastric with small bowel surgeries, and traumatic with pathological bowel surgeries it was observed that the first bowel sound, first flatus and first bowel passed appears significantly earlier in routine surgeries, gastric surgeries and traumatic surgeries respectively.Conclusions: It was observed that chewing gum has significant effect over bowel motility as bowel sounds appeared significantly earlier in cases than control and time for first flatus passed and first bowel passed were also noted significantly earlier in cases than controls. Hospital stay of cases were found significantly lesser than control hence simple intervention like chewing can decrease the burden of disease of paralytic ileus from community.
Initial results of using VAAFT in the management of fistula-in-ano: a prospective observational study
Authors: Rahate Prashant , Rode Avinash , Bansod Prasad Y.
Published: July 2018

Background: The aim of this study is to present their initial 5-year experience in the treatment of fistula-in-ano by means of VAAFT (Video-Assisted Anal Fistula Treatment).Methods: 76 patients were competent for the VAAFT procedure. Patients were subjected to routine diagnostic tests. 20 patients had classical fistula surgery. In the remaining 56 patient full procedure i.e. diagnostic fistuloscopy, closing the internal ostium, and coagulation of the fistula canal was done. The mean observation period was 23 months.Results: Majority of the cases, inter-sphincter fistula and multiple branching was observed during the diagnostic fistuloscopy. Nine patients had additional fluid compartments. In 56 patients subjected to the full VAAFT procedure the internal ostium was closed using a linear stapler. A recurrence of fistula was observed in one, while non-healing was seen in two patients. Major complications like stool and gas control deterioration (based on the FISI scoring) were not observed in VAAFT operated patients.Conclusions: The VAAFT method preserves sphincter competency, no major intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed. The recovery rate is observed to be comparable with other techniques without the risk of incontinence. It is one of the best method enabling intraoperative visualisation and identification of the internal ostium and fistula canal. Initial optimistic results require further investigations on a larger group of patients.
Microflora of gall bladder bile in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: T. Prabhu , C. S. Chandan , S. Sudarsan
Published: July 2018

Background: Gallstone disease is one of the most common problem affecting the digestive tract. The conditions that predispose to the development of gallstones are obesity, pregnancy, dietary factors, Crohn’s disease, gastric surgery, terminal resection, hereditary spherocytosis, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia. The incidence is four times higher in women than in men with high prevalence among the age group of 30-40 years. Bacteria are commonly found in inflamed gallbladder and in patients with cholelithiasis, whereas evidence suggests that normal bile is sterile. So, exploring and identifying the microflora of gallbladder bile helps to choose appropriate antibiotics.Methods: Minimum of 50 Patients admitted under General Surgery, who are scheduled to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Five ml of bile will be aspirated from the gall bladder during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The samples will be transferred onto a plain sterile container and then transferred at room temperature in an hour to the laboratory for culture.Results: In the present study 50 patients were evaluated for culture and gall bladder bile. Out of which maximum number of patients were clustered between 31-40 years. In the present study out of 50 patients, 34 (68%) were females and 16 (32%) were males. In the present study We found total of 33 (66%) yellow stones, 13 (26%) were black in colour and 4(8%) were brown stones. In this study bile culture was showing growth of the following organisms. The commonest organism was E. coli (64%) followed by Klebsiella (25%) and Enterococcus (11%).Conclusions: Bactibilia has long been known to be associated with biliary tract diseases and culturable bacteria in bile can represent a state of asymptomatic bactibilia which can disseminate after any intervention causing infective complication. Exploring the microflora of gall bladder bile important role in choosing the appropriate antibiotic to prevent complications.