bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude, and practices of healthcare professionals and formal caregivers towards non- pharmacological intervention for the management of behaviours and psychological symptoms in Australian aged care residents with dementia: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Ayeno Hunduma Dinsa , Atee Mustafa , Kassie Gizat M. , Nguyen Tuan Anh
Published: February 2024

Background: Non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) are the first line options in the management of behaviours and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). However, NPIs are not frequently used in Australian residential aged care homes (RACHs). This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of the healthcare professionals and formal caregivers towards NPIs for the management of BPSD in Australian RACHs.
Method: A cross-sectional, online survey was administered via Qualtrics platform. Information on the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards 25 common types of NPIs was collected from a sample of healthcare professionals and formal caregivers in Australia. Kruskal-Wallis along with Dunn’s post hoc test was used for comparisons among the professions.
Results: Responses from 96 respondents were analysed. Most of the respondents were females (80.2%). Of the 25 types of NPIs assessed, 50- 65% of respondents reported that they were extremely familiar with 15 types of NPIs. About 66% of respondents believed that NPIs are more useful than medicines, and 81% reported NPIs should be tried before medicines. However, only validation therapy was always practiced by more than 50% of the respondents. According to Bloom’s cut-off point, 67% had good knowledge, but only 27% had positive attitude and 34% had good practice towards NPIs. There was moderate correlation between the overall knowledge and practice score (r= 0.68, p < .001) as well as attitude and practice (r = 0.43, p < .001). The mean rank of the knowledge, and practice scores for most NPIs were lower for formal caregivers and allied health professionals than nurses, but the difference was statistically significant for only a few NPIs. Nurses exhibited higher total mean ranks for knowledge, attitude, and practice compared to formal caregivers. However, only the difference in attitude score rankings was statistically significant (p = .016).
Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards NPIs varied among the professions. The knowledge level was good for two thirds of respondents, but less than one third had positive attitude and one third of respondents had good practice. Education and training focusing on the knowledge and attitude are important to bring about practice change.
The inactivation effects of yeast by spray and bubbler cold plasma
Authors: Wang Ying , zhang yao , zheng yu , pan guanting , mu longtao , zhang wenting
Published: February 2024

Liquid foods such as juice are typically prone to contamination by spoilage yeasts. In this study, different cold plasma reactors (spray and bubble) were designed and tested for the removal of osmotolerant yeasts in apple juice. Factors influencing the deactivation of osmotolerant yeasts were studied by altering the reactor discharge voltage and working gas flow rate. The results indicate that both reactor discharge voltage and working gas flow rate significantly affect yeast deactivation efficiency. Compared with the bubble reactor, the spray reactor can increase the deactivation efficiency by about 10%, and the working gas flow rate has a more considerable impact on the deactivation efficiency of the bubble reactor. Both reactors can deactivate microorganisms by damaging their cell membranes. Furthermore, these two plasma applications did not affect the apple juice’s physical and chemical characteristics or its volatile compound’s significantly.
Mutationsanalyse bei PatientInnen mit metastasiertem Mammakarzinom
Authors:   , Cho Hannah
Published: February 2024

In den letzten Jahren haben sich die Therapiemöglichkeiten des Mammakarzinoms deutlich verbessert. Durch die Analyse von genetischen Veränderungen in den Tumorzellen oder in der Keimbahn ist eine zielgerichtete Tumortherapie bei einigen Subgruppen möglich; z.B. mit PARP- und PIK3CA-Inhibitoren. In einer retrospektiven Analyse wurde in dieser Arbeit untersucht, wie genetische Mutationsanalysen in einer onkologischen Schwerpunktpraxis eingesetzt werden. Es sollte untersucht werden, wie häufig PatientInnen in einer onkologischen Praxis mit metastasiertem Mammakarzinom eine Mutationsanalyse brustkrebsassoziierter Gene erhalten haben, und welche Konsequenzen daraus gezogen wurden. Dabei wurde der Zeitraum von 2019 – 2022 betrachtet. Mithilfe der Software Albis wurden Daten von 49 PatientInnen identifiziert. 40 PatientInnen haben eine Keimbahndiagnostik der Gene BRCA1/2 erhalten. Von den PatientInnen, die die BRCA1/2-Analyse bekommen haben, konnten in 20% der PatientInnen eine Mutation in BRCA1 oder 2 detektiert werden. Bei den meisten dieser PatientInnen wurde der PARP Inhibitor Olaparib therapeutisch eingesetzt. 10 PatientInnen erhielten eine PIK3CA-Analyse, 9 von ihnen mittels PCR und eine mittels NGS. In dieser Gruppe wurde bei einer Patientin eine Mutation im PIK3CA-Gen ermittelt. 15 PatientInnen haben eine Multigenpanel-Diagnostik erhalten. Dabei ist eine Reihe weiterer genetischer Veränderungen nachgewiesen worden. Für einige dieser Veränderungen stehen therapeutische Möglichkeiten zur Verfügung, die zwar nicht für das Mammakarzinom, aber für andere Tumorentitäten bereits zugelassen sind.
Fiscal and real repercussions of the Central Bank of Iraq’s real estate initiatives by using Multiple Correspondence Analysis
Authors: Abdulzahra Hamdan Ahmed , Ali Hussein Safaa
Published: February 2024

The importance of the study stems from the fact that Iraq’s economy is facing a housing crisis, especially in the Iraqi capital, Baghdad, great demographic pressure due to pronounced population growth over the past two decades. The Central Bank of Iraq undertakes several initiatives represented in granting real estate loans, mainly through the Real Estate Bank at very low interest, and in the last two years, the interest has become zero. The purpose of the study is to analyze the fiscal implications of the Iraqi central bank’s real estate initiatives, as well as its real impact on the spatial dimension of the Iraqi governorates through new housing in those governorates. Using data mainly from the Central Bank of Iraq’s bulletins, the study obtained a 6-year sample of study variables for 15 Iraqi governorates. Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was used to test such repercussions. One of the study’s findings is that the greatest impact of the Iraqi central bank’s real estate initiative was the fiscal and real repercussions for the year 2021, and the highest relative impact was in Baghdad governorate, with fiscal and real returns distinct from the rest of the governorates. One of the conclusions reached is that the strength of the fiscal repercussion was more important, more significant, and stronger than the real impact of the initiatives of the Central Bank of Iraq. Similarly, it was concluded that Baghdad was the first governorate that benefited from the effects of the initiative.
An Ultra-high Quality Factor Terahertz Photonic Crystal Cavity
Authors: Ta Mai Van , Nguyen Anh Thi , Tran Huong Thi Thu , Nguyen Hung Tuan , Nguyen Linh Thuy , Nguyen Hoang Huy , Luong Manh Duy
Published: February 2024

High quality factor Terahertz (THz) cavities are highly desired for many THz applications. This paper presents an ultra-high quality factor terahertz planar photonic crystal cavity at 300 GHz range. Two approaches are employed to reduce the losses in the cavity increasing the quality factor of the cavity. Firstly, short embedded photonic crystal waveguides are employed to reduce the in – plane loss. Secondly, a novel way of hole displacement is adopted for four edged holes of the L3 – type photonic crystal cavity to decrease the radiation loss. An ultra – high quality factor of 65000 at a resonant frequency of 315.3 GHz was achieved for the designed cavity. This result could enable promising applications such as THz sensing.
Perceptions and Reuse of Concrete Building Structures
Authors: Balodimou Efcharis , Rizzuto Joseph , Shabaan Ibrahim
Published: February 2024

Concrete has gone through significant changes in popularity in the United Kingdom. This paper explores factors associated with shifts in the perception, and reuse of concrete buildings. and how these changes have influenced the use of concrete in Architecture and Design in the UK. The popularity of concrete has fluctuated over the past few decades. This is driven by a combination of cultural, aesthetic and sustainability factors.  In the 1980’s and 90’s fairfaced, textured, bush-hammered concrete acquired a reputation which took some three decades to reverse. UK public opinion on concrete ‘Brutalist’ buildings of these decades is mixed, but tends to often be negative, where terms used include ‘Depressing’, ‘Hideous’, ‘Monstrosities’, ‘Eyesores’. There is currently a growing appreciation for the history and cultural significance of concrete and specifically ‘Brutalist’ architecture. Although these buildings were previously despised, they are now recognised as part of the UK’s architectural heritage and efforts are made to preserve them for future generations. Buildings and complexes, which were once run-down urban environments, are now changed into more desirable housing complexes often leading to drastic social changes in the area. Concrete has been generally seen as a material that has significant environmental impact, especially in terms of carbon emissions. Concrete’s durability, thermal mass and fire protection properties paired with advances in technology that can improve the appearance and consistency of finishes, have all improved the popularity of concrete. Strides are also being made to improve the sustainability of concrete constituent materials. The positioning of concrete as a sustainable, energy efficient building material that can also have an aesthetic appeal, combined with its versatility and durability, make concrete once again a popular choice for contemporary architecture and Interior design.
From nominal quantifiers to adverbial modifiers: A corpus investigation with reference to Swedish
Authors:   Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Herda Damian
Published: February 2024

As has been noted in grammaticalization literature, partitives, i. e. nominals encoding parts, portions, and sets, tend to evolve into vague quantifiers, and then into degree adverbs. However, while this grammaticalization path has already received a fair amount of scholarly attention in English, the extension of such items beyond the nominal domain in Swedish remains an empirically unexplored territory. Thus, based on random samples of attestations extracted from selected Språkbanken corpora, this paper offers a synchronic glimpse into the syntactic expansion of nine Swedish nominal quantifiers, namely droppe ‘drop’, nypa ‘pinch’, smula ‘crumb’, hop ‘heap’, hopar ‘heaps’, hög ‘pile’, högar ‘piles’, massa ‘mass’, and massor ‘masses’. The Swedish results largely coincide with those obtained for English, and demonstrate that in the verbal domain, most of the scrutinized elements reveal a preference for pronominal uses, in which they function as an argument of the verb rather than a genuine degree adverb, but which nonetheless give rise to secondary scalar inferences, whereas in the adjectival domain, a majority of the items exhibit a propensity to combine with the comparative forms of adjectives/adverbs. Both of these environments may therefore be assumed to constitute bridging contexts in the emergence of full-blown degree modifier uses of grammaticalized partitives. It is further shown that there exists a strong positive correlation between the items’ respective degrees of grammaticalization in the quantifier function and their extents of adverbialization, which testifies to the importance of frequency of use in the scrutinized instance of grammaticalization.
Censorship in the Dutch-language literature the GDR
Authors:   Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Grave Jaap
Published: February 2024

In this article, I first give a detailed sketch of censorship in the GDR. I start from a 2019 interview with German writer and publisher Gerhard Wolf. He tries to explain the acceptance in the GDR of the censorship introduced by the new state in his youth. In doing so, I use a general definition of censorship drawn up by Christine Haug, then go into the early years of that censorship and then make clear the essential difference between censorship in the GDR and that in other communist countries in Eastern Europe during these years. Censorship in the GDR was supported in part by authors who had returned from exile, such as Arnold Zweig. I also quote Bertolt Brecht’s warning in his play Der aufhaltsame Aufstieg des Arturo Ui (1941; The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui) against the still vibrant National Socialist ideology in the years after 1945. Next, I describe the HV, the department at the Ministry of Culture that dealt with censorship from 1963. It was responsible not only for the libraries and the GDR’s entire literary production, such as sales, imports and exports, including the import of literature from the Soviet Union but also for the exchange of literature between the GDR and the BRD. I then discuss the content of the reading reports: the structure, the specific questions and the authors Finally, I describe the novel Wolfsgetij by Dutch author Theun de Vries and show that this edition involves two forms of censorship.
Indirect translation in Dutch-Russian cultural transfer
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Vekshina Ekaterina
Published: February 2024

This is the first review of the existing research on the topic of indirect translation in Dutch-Russian language pair. Both theoretical justifications for the study of this problem (H. Pięta, M. Ringmar, C. Dollerup, etc.) and the results of empirical research (I. E. Kuznetsova, H. van der Tak, I. M. Michajlova, etc.) are presented. The paper includes observations on the influence of the mediating language on the creation of the first dictionaries, translation of scientific works, legal documents and fiction, and separately highlights the issue of using English as a “pivot language” in popular online translators. The main problem in this case becomes the translation of personal pronouns and homonyms. In recent years, on the one hand, researchers have been fighting the stigmatisation of mediated translation as a priori inferior and proving that mediated languages link distant cultures and play an important role in the dissemination of literature. On the other hand, textual analyses of different types of indirect translations reveal errors and inaccuracies that could have been easily avoided in direct translation. An intermediary translation can be seen as a translation made with the help of a language other than the source language, but not necessarily from a “third language”: when translation plurality occurs, we can often speak of intralanguage indirect translation. This paper uses Multatuli’s novel Max Havelaar as an illustration, in particular the 1959 Russian edition, where German and Russian translations mediate. Resorting to the help of their predecessors, the Russian translators omit the same fragments, use similar paraphrases, and repeat lexical and phonetic distortions. The use of mediating texts is certainly related to extra-linguistic factors: lack of translators, demand for texts, publishers’ desire to reduce costs or speed up the translation process. The study of specific cases of indirect translation and further systematisation of the identified distortions allows us to track negative trends, and the novel Max Havelaar and its translations into different languages can serve as material for identifying these patterns.
Translation strategies for rendering interjections from Dutch into Russian in translation of comics
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Temnikov Nikita , Yakovleva Alexandra ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: February 2024

The growing popularity of online communication, where participants increasingly convey their feelings and emotions using minimal characters, has significantly increased the role of interjections in modern language. This research is based on the translation into Russian of the comic book Het Amusement by the Flemish author Brecht Evens (translated by E. Tortsyna). In the comics, the use of interjections, alongside graphic techniques, plays an extremely important role. When rendering interjections, the translator relies primarily on the context. The translation strategy is connected with the search for a word or expression, which will preserve the semantic, stylistic and functional-communicative information contained in the original. The language of the comic book under study demonstrates the features of the southern variant of colloquial Dutch (tussentaal, ‘intermediate language’), first of all, at the level of interjections, which in the southern variant differ from the “northern” ones. The results of the study consist in a systematised review of the ways of rendering Dutch interjections into Russian, with an important role given to the functional-semantic characteristics of these lexical units. Both primary and secondary interjections are of particular interest when studying the problem of interjection translation, as in some cases, the internal form of a secondary interjection in the original does not coincide with the internal form of an interjection chosen by the translator. The omission of an interjection is also an interesting technique, where there is a redistribution of the expressive nuances of an original interjection among elements of the utterance in the translated text.
At the origins of the Norwegian detective: Murder in Maurits Christopher Hansen’s prose
Authors:   A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Peshkova Victoria
Published: February 2024

This article discusses the function of the murder motif in M. C. Hansen’s prose. It shows that this motif is strongly related to the author’s quest for novel ways to represent reality, his ambition to portray the private lives of everyday Norwegians, and his goal to illustrate the moral development — or, on the contrary, the degeneration — of his characters. A crucial plot-forming device, the motif of murder is frequently combined with the motif of insanity as retaliation for the committed crime. It is possible to see how a critical view of modernity gradually replaces the distinct religious pathos of Hansen’s early prose (Den gale Christian (The Mad Christian), Keadan, eller Klosterruinen (Keadan, or the Abbey Ruins), Novellen (The Short Story), Den myrdede brudgom (The Murdered Groom)), inevitably leading to the emergence of a new kind of hero. The nature of this hero is determined by the surroundings and environment, the narrative becomes more psychologizing, and the interest in daily life takes the place of the theme of the moral revival (Jutulskoppen (The Troll Mountain) and Mordet på Maskinbygger Roolfsen (The Murder of Engine Maker Roolfsen)). Hansen’s writings from this time period are distinguished by a tragic perspective. The notion of a moral revival of man loses its appeal to the author. He feels that profit and vanity have replaced love, and that true feelings are doomed to vanish. The themes of mistrust between close people, the corruption of the ruling class, the oppressed position of the people, and the inability to escape from social oppression take on a new significance. We discover that Hansen’s interest in the everyday and private lives of regular people is linked to his search for artistic research tools, whereas the motifs of murder and crime investigation aid the writer in creating a vivid and accurate picture of contemporary Norwegian society while also making his narratives more entertaining.
Edith Södergran in St. Petersburg. Seven poems from Waxcloth Notebook. In memoriam Edith Södergran (1892–1923)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Sazonova Lubov
Published: February 2024

The article deals with youth lyrics of Edith Södergran — a prominent poet-modernist of Swedish descent who was born and went to school in St. Petersburg. Edith Södergrans’ professional oeuvres were written in the Swedish language and published in Finland, her earliest poems being composed in several languages: German, French, Swedish and Russian yet never published in her lifetime. It was at St Peter’s School — Sankt-Petri-Schule that Edith Södergran commenced poetic exercises. Waxcloth Notebook from 1907–1909 — Vaxvukshäftet — where she recorded her first uneven, and heterogeneous in form and metrics, verses is decisive in comprehending her mature modernist lyrics of world value. The article suggests that some of the poems have a character of exercises associated with the curriculum in versification. Poetry chosen is composed in various versification systems. Analysis of seven poems from Waxcloth Notebook demonstrates Södergran’s natural ease for drawing emphatical images and for discovering inner feelings at the same time. Her quick eye and rooted insight combined with native ability and cleverness to render colors and to bring dynamic movement or slow it down is highly convincing in verses dedicated to her native St. Petersburg in German and in her first poems in Swedish. Her unschooled talent evolved by early poetic experiments and aesthetic sense advanced by St. Petersburg prepared further transformation of Södergran as self-sustained word painter and reformer of versification in the Swedish language.
Docentes e saúde coletiva
Authors: Aguiar Viviany Caetano Freire , Soares Stela Lopes , Ferreira Heraldo Simões
Published: February 2024

O texto em questão aborda as percepções e reflexões dos docentes sobre a Saúde Coletiva na formação de profissionais de saúde. O objetivo consistiu em entender o ponto de vista dos docentes que ministram disciplinas sobre Saúde Coletiva, suas percepções, relevância, inserção e os impactos dos saberes dessa área para os profissionais de saúde. O estudo foi realizado em um Centro Universitário, especificamente em dez cursos de graduação na área da saúde. Os docentes foram questionados sobre a compreensão da Saúde Coletiva, relevância, inserção, formação, possibilidades de desenvolvimento para as profissões de saúde. Alguns professores compreendem a Saúde Coletiva em uma perspectiva ampliada, reconhecem sua importância para a formação profissional, percebem fortemente em seu curso, enquanto outros não a percebem tão claramente. As principais dificuldades envolvem a resistência dos alunos em aprender sobre Saúde Coletiva e a falta de valorização entre os colegas docentes. Além disso, foi ressaltado a importância da presença dessa área nas grades curriculares. Este estudo busca contribuir para a reflexão sobre a incorporação da Saúde Coletiva na formação e prática das profissões da área da saúde, identificando desafios e possibilidades nesse processo.
The Integration of Top-down and Bottom-up Inputs to the Striatal
Cholinergic Interneurons
Authors: Zhang Yan-Feng , Reynolds John N.J.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) are important for learning and memory.
They exhibit a multiphasic excitation-pause-rebound response to reward or sensory cues indicating a
reward, believed to gate dopamine-dependent learning. Although ChIs receive extensive top-down inputs
from the cortex and bottom-up inputs from the thalamus and midbrain, it is unclear which inputs
are involved in the development of ChI multiphasic activity.

Methods:

We used a single-unit recording of putative ChIs (pChIs) in response to cortical and visual
stimulation to investigate how top-down and bottom-up inputs regulate the firing pattern of ChIs.

Results:

We demonstrated that cortical stimulation strongly regulates pChIs, with the maximum firing
rate occurring at the peak of the inverted local field potential (iLFP), reflecting maximum cortical
stimulation. Pauses in pChIs occurred during the descending phase of iLFP, indicating withdrawal of
excitatory cortical input. Visual stimulation induced long pauses in pChIs, but it is unlikely that bottom-
up inputs alone induce pauses in behaving animals. Also, the firing pattern of ChIs triggered by
visual stimulation did not correlate with the iLFP as it did after cortical stimulation. Top-down and
bottom-up inputs independently regulate the firing pattern of ChIs with similar efficacy but notably
produce a well-defined pause in ChI firing.

Conclusion:

This study provides in vivo evidence that the multiphasic ChI response may require both
top-down and bottom-up inputs. The findings suggest that the firing pattern of ChIs correlated to the
iLFP might be a useful tool for estimating the degree of contribution of top-down and bottom-up inputs
in regulating the firing activity of ChIs.
EFL Teachers’ Job Satisfaction Profile
Authors: Widyantoro Agus , Alsamiri Yasir , Priyana Joko , Putro Nurhidayanto Pancoro Setyo
Published: February 2024

Teachers’ job satisfaction has been studied for decades. However, there has been no study investigating the profile of Indonesian EFL teachers’ job satisfaction. This study aimed to find out the profile of Indonesian EFL teachers’ job satisfaction. A sample of 340 EFL secondary school teachers consisting of 272 females and 68 males, 299 teachers with the undergraduate degree and 41 teachers with the master’s degree, 34 teachers with  1-5 years of teaching, 60 teachers with 6-10 years of teaching, 53 teachers with 11-20 years of teaching, and 38 teachers with more than 21 years of teaching  were involved in this study. The instrument utilized in this study was an adaptation of the instrument developed by Spector (1994) comprising pay, promotion, supervision, fringe benefits, contingent rewards, operating conditions, coworkers, nature of work, and communication and distributed to the teachers via google forms due to the pandemic situation. The data were then analyzed using the confirmatory factor analysis.  The findings revealed that four factors emerged in the teacher job satisfaction model, that is, salary, supervision, service condition, and . colleagues. The item loading factors in this model ranged from 0.28 to 0.80 and the acceptable fit indices were χ2 = 88.82; df = 48; χ2/df = 1.49; TLI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.05; SRMR = 0.04.
Efficacy and Safety of Shi Cervical Rotational Manipulation in Patients With Atlantoaxial Joint Subluxation: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Zhen Deng , Haibin Shang , Youli Ai , Weian Yuan , Huihao Wang , Hongsheng Zhan , Guozhong Li , Ren Ding , Zhibi Shen
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

The clinical diagnosis of atlantoaxial joint subluxation (AJS) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is characterized by an unequal distance between the lateral mass of the atlas and the odontoid process on imaging, resulting in neck pain accompanied by symptoms such as dizziness, headache, and limited cervical mobility. In Shanghai, Shi cervical rotational manipulation (SCRM) is a commonly employed TCM manual therapy for treating this condition. Nevertheless, there is a lack of evidence-based medical information regarding the clinical efficacy and safety of this technique.

OBJECTIVE

The principal aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SCRM in patients diagnosed with AJS.

METHODS

This study is a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial that will be conducted at a single center and that has a follow-up period of 24 weeks. A total of 96 patients diagnosed with AJS will be recruited from outpatient and inpatient clinics at Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine. These patients will be randomly assigned to either the experimental group (SCRM) or the comparison group (basic cervical manipulation [BCM]). Treatment sessions consisting of SCRM or BCM will be administered twice a week for a duration of 4 weeks. Clinical monitoring indicators include the presence or absence of clinical symptoms as recorded on a symptom recording form, cervical imaging examination findings using cervical computed tomography, degree of neck pain measured by a visual analog scale (VAS), cervical range of motion assessed through cervical mobility measurement, degree of vertigo evaluated using the Vertigo Symptoms Scale-Chinese Version (VSS-C), and adverse events that may occur during the follow-up period. The time points for data collection and follow-up are baseline and postintervention (weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24).

RESULTS

This paper presents an overview of the reasoning and structure of a prospective randomized controlled trial with the objective of investigating the clinical efficacy and safety of SCRM in patients with AJS by assessing improvements in clinical symptoms, neck pain severity, and vertigo severity and evaluating changes in cervical imaging findings. Recruitment was started in March 2023. By the end of May 2024, 76 patients were included in this project. The last follow-up data are predicted to be collected by the end of February 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

This investigation will yield dependable evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of SCRM in patients with AJS.

CLINICALTRIAL

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2300068510; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojEN.html?proj=186883

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/57865
Changing global ageing demography and implications for future disease outbreaks in Africa: A descriptive review (Preprint)
Authors: Adelowo Abiodun Bamidele , Oseni Tijani Idris Ahmad , Makinde Moyosore Taiwo , Ugwuegbulem-Amadi Chinasa Trinitta , Ugwuegbulem-Amadi Chinasa Trinitta , Yahaya-Kongoi Safiya , Anozie Chika
Published: February 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Despite pockets of incidences in different places, from all indications, the world might have experienced the worst phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. We must however admit the obvious – the pandemic caught the world unawares. The relatively high case-fatality rates and socioeconomic losses from the pandemic could have been effectively mitigated assuming the global healthcare systems were more proactive in their preparedness. However, dwelling on past shortcomings is unproductive. It is imperative that we swiftly learn from this experience and prepare for future disease outbreaks. Another pandemic in the future without adequate preparedness may be too grievous to the fragile interconnected global healthcare and economic systems. The objectives of the article are to discuss the global ageing population and the role such a phenomenon might have played in the recent global COVID-19 outbreak and may play in future disease outbreaks, especially in Africa. Accordingly, a review of related online full articles published from year 2010 from reliable scientific search engines was done. Results revealed that the world is presently experiencing a change in age demography to older age groups, and such a phenomenon may have played a significant role in the varying COVID-19 incidence and case-fatality rates that were recorded in different regions of the world. Due to the fast-changing age demography in Africa, the continent might suffer the most unfavourable outcomes from future disease outbreaks. Stakeholders must need to closely monitor the shifting age demographics in Africa and institute evidence-based health-promotional measures that will adequately prepare the continent to face future disease outbreaks.
La Constitución y la nueva cuestión social
Authors: Buen Néstor de
Published: February 2024

La historia del artículo 123 constitucional, el primero en el mundo que elevó al más alto nivel jerárquico los derechos de los trabajadores, no deja de ser curiosa: nacido sin exigencias de los trabajadores y promulgado por un personaje, Venustiano Carranza, que no era precisamente socialista pero que quería incluir en la Constitución las facultades máximas del Poder Ejecutivo pagando un precio muy bajo: los derechos sociales. Las veinte reformas sufridas por el artículo 123 no han mejorado su espíritu social y en general son más bien expresivas de un espíritu conservador. Por otra parte, es claro que las condiciones del mundo han generado la hegemonía del capitalismo y la decadencia deprimente de las ideas sociales. Eso ha provocado nuevas formas de explotación y, en el fondo, la conversión del derecho del trabajo en un derecho tutelar de las empresas. El dramático desempleo es la respuesta a las viejas tentaciones del desaparecido Estado de bienestar.
Direito processual social no Brasil: as primeiras linhas
Authors: Carús Guedes Jeffersson
Published: February 2024

O presente trabalho propõe uma nova classificação das disciplinas integrantes da teoria geral do processo, no âmbito da jurisdição cível ou não-penal. Limitado à jurisdição cível, são propostos novos critérios de divisão, em três grupos: a) processo para a defesa dos interesses públicos ou do patrimônio público, no qual se incluem o direito processual constitucional, o eleitoral, o ambiental, o administrativo e o tributário; b) processo para a defesa de interesses individuais privados, no qual se incluem o direito processual civil e o comercial e, por fim, c) o processo para a defesa de interesses individuais especiais, no qual se incluem o direito processual do trabalho, o agrário, o previdenciário e assistencial social, o do consumidor, o da infância e adolescência, o dos idosos e o acidentário e de portadores de deficiência. A construção e a definição do direito processual social só é possível no Brasil, com o conteúdo aqui proposto, a partir da evolução legislativa sofrida nas décadas de 80 e 90 do séc. XX, com a criação de regras especiais de proteção de outros grupos sociais considerados a parte frágil da relação processual.
Protección social: ¿concepto dinámico?
Authors: Morales Ramírez María Ascensión
Published: February 2024

Descifrar las diferencias conceptuales entre previsión, seguridad y protección social no es tarea fácil y mucho menos en los tiempos actuales con cambios tan frecuentes en la situación laboral de las personas y los nuevos modelos de organización del trabajo. La literatura en la materia no ayuda mucho, porque una gran parte de ella emplea indistintamente los conceptos de seguridad y protección social. Sin embargo, la significación, los enfoques y estrategias que durante la última década se han utilizado para hacer frente a los desafíos de una economía globalizada han elevado a la escena internacional el concepto de “protección social”. Los alcances atribuidos a este concepto varían de acuerdo con los enfoques; por un lado, se presenta como un conjunto de medidas para proteger a los pobres o vulnerables y, por otro, como un concepto integrador que involucra y articula diversos objetivos, valores y políticas, cuyo contenido ha evolucionado con el progreso social y económico por constituir un derecho fundamental.
El nuevo derecho procesal agrario en México
Authors: Delgado Moya Rubén
Published: February 2024

El nuevo derecho procesal agrario en México surge a partir de la reforma que se le practicó al artículo 27 constitucional en 1992, y especialmente en la nueva legislación agraria —expedida en el mismo año— que reglamentó dicha reforma al haberse incluido en ésta todo un título, el décimo, denominado “De la justicia agraria”, en donde la vía procedimental agraria deja de ser meramente administrativa para convertirse en un auténtico derecho procesal agrario, con jurisdicción ya judicial y no simplemente administrativa y con competencia especializada, específica y determinante. Ante este panorama, en el presente trabajo se analizan los nuevos instrumentos procedimentales y se hace una detallada referencia a la jurisdicción y competencia. Completan estos tópicos las diversas formulaciones y un análisis pormenorizado del procedimiento ordinario agrario, debido a la trascendencia que éste tiene en el nuevo derecho procesal mexicano.
La inspección de trabajo en Costa Rica: un balance de su gestión
Authors: Godínez Vargas Alexander
Published: February 2024

A pesar de que con las inspecciones la mayoría de los patronos corrigen sus prácticas y se ha impulsado la regionalización y desconcentración de los servicios de la inspección, las insuficientes condiciones de trabajo, el reducido número de inspectores de trabajo y el recargo de las funciones atinentes a la conciliación laboral han limitado el impacto de las acciones emprendidas. No obstante, se sigue intentando avanzar a un nuevo modelo de inspección de trabajo que satisfaga tanto las obligaciones institucionales del Ministerio de Trabajo frente a la ciudadanía en general, como los compromisos del país en el plano internacional.
El salario y la previsión social entre el derecho social y el fiscal
Authors: Morales Ramírez María Ascensión
Published: February 2024

Los salarios, como elementos primordiales de la prestación de un servicio personal subordinado, son objeto de un régimen contributivo bastante complejo. Entender el tratamiento fiscal de éstos y de las prestaciones derivadas de una relación de trabajo no es una tarea fácil; sin embargo, lo que sí va quedando claro en el camino es el creciente papel de las “prestaciones de previsión social” en el ámbito fiscal y no en su espacio original, traduciéndose en una nueva inserción de la regulación de lo social.
Derecho económico y derecho del trabajo: las sinergias de la globalización
Authors: Witker Jorge
Published: February 2024

La integración de mercados y las cadenas de valor estructuradas en torno al proceso globalizador han determinado un replanteo de las políticas públicas que impactan a los Estados y gobiernos, y, consecuentemente, a los derechos sociales, específicamente al derecho económico y derecho laboral. El derecho económico flexibiliza sus funciones y reduce su espacio jurisdiccional a temas específicos consistentes con el predominio del mercado por sobre las políticas públicas; por su parte, el derecho del trabajo flexibiliza sus paradigmas fundamentales, tales como: estabilidad, inamovilidad y seguridad social del trabajo; premisas que cambian a criterios más pragmáticos y que incorpora temporalidad, eventualidad y flexibilidad productiva empresarial, factores que orientan a plasmar un nuevo derecho del trabajo basado en tales nociones. Las siguientes reflexiones describen y analizan las sinergias que se dan en ambas disciplinas de frente a la integración empresarial, propios de la globalidad contemporánea.
Las nuevas formas de contratación y sus repercusiones en los derechos laborales. Estudio desde el marco jurídico laboral vigente
Authors: Macías Vázquez María Carmen
Published: February 2024

El derecho del trabajo vigente en México, sostenido bajo los pilares constitucionales de derecho social, se ha visto en los últimos años en franco debate sobre su actualidad. Las propuestas de reforma a la ley laboral de los distintos grupos parlamentarios, que incluyen las nuevas formas de contratación, han puesto de manifiesto la necesidad tanto de modernizar la ley con el objeto de alcanzar niveles de competitividad y productividad que exige el mundo globalizado, como de abatir el desempleo. Propuestas que en el fondo, en este estudio, el punto de debate es que las relaciones laborales se alejan de los principios que les permiten a los trabajadores contar con los mínimos derechos que reglamenta el sistema jurídico laboral en su beneficio y el de su familia. Los cambios, como en cualquier circunstancia y modo de vida, no son del todo malos; el problema, como muchos coincidimos, es que en materia laboral los cambios no traen aparejadas compensaciones sino, por el contrario, muchas exigencias hacia los trabajadores, como lo concerniente a la capacitación, condición sine qua non para ser contratados.
El trabajo no es artículo de comercio
Authors: Quiñones Tinoco Carlos Sergio , Rodríguez Lugo Salvador
Published: February 2024

El derecho del trabajo como una relativa nueva rama del derecho enfrenta una renovada ofensiva que pretende invalidar sus postulados; sin embargo, los fines que persigue el derecho laboral tienen una validez más objetiva que nunca, al pretender con sus normas posicionar al trabajador en su calidad de ser humano, dignificando su quehacer cotidiano. El proceso económico de la globalización generó una afectación a la protección de los derechos del trabajador, resultado de una serie de ficciones seudojurídicas, para evadir la cobertura normativa que se tiene en beneficio del trabajador, otorgada por la propia legislación laboral. Dentro de los recursos que se han adoptado para evadir la norma laboral vigente aparecen: el intermediarismo, el outsourcing, etcétera, figuras que si bien, parcialmente, se contemplan en la legislación laboral, requieren una consideración actualizada, con el fin de que prevalezca el principio reconocido internacionalmente de que el trabajo no es un artículo de comercio.
Las transformaciones en el ejercicio de la abogacía en Venezuela: nuevos y viejos retos en un mundo globalizado
Authors: Ritchter Jaqueline
Published: February 2024

La profesión jurídica tiene siglos de existencia, pero las transformaciones más significativas han ocurrido en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. En este artículo se evalúan los cambios en la composición por estrato social, por género y los diversos tipos de actividad profesional. Estas transformaciones han incidido en las funciones y roles del ejercicio de la abogacía. En particular, se reflexiona sobre la carrera docente y de investigación en derecho, los efectos de la feminización de la profesión y el ejercicio profesional en el socialismo del siglo XXI.
Transparencia y rendición de cuentas por parte de los sindicatos
Authors: Páez Patrón Joana Verenice
Published: February 2024

La transparencia y la rendición de cuentas por parte de los sindicatos ha sido tema de discusión tanto en la reforma laboral de 2012 como en la reforma constitucional en materia de transparencia de 2014, en ambas se incorporaron obligaciones para los sindicatos tanto en materia de rendición de cuentas al interior de éstos como transparencia al exterior, destacando que a partir de la reforma al artículo 6o. constitucional, los sindicatos son considerados como sujetos obligados en materia de acceso a la información cuando reciban y ejerzan recursos públicos, cuestión sobre la que se deberá tener especial cuidado en aras de no trastocar otros derechos como la autonomía y la libertad sindical.
Protección del derecho a la desconexión digital: derecho fundamental o compromiso constitutivo
Authors: Bobadilla Yzaguirre Magali Beatriz , Rodríguez Cairo Vladimir
Published: February 2024

El derecho a la desconexión digital se encuentra protegido normativamente en varios países pertenecientes a distintas familias jurídicas; sin embargo, la protección legislativa de este derecho de acuerdo con varios estudios realizados a nivel global, no ha presentado resultados satisfactorios para los trabajadores. Este artículo revisó las últimas propuestas de protección del derecho de desconexión digital de carácter no normativo, pero que según sus autores buscan garantizar el cumplimiento del mismo. Las propuestas revisadas fueron: la Declaración de Principios y Derechos Digitales de la Unión Europea, la Carta de Derechos Digitales de España, el Green New Deal de los Estados Unidos, y el Código de Buenas Prácticas sobre el Derecho a la Desconexión de Irlanda. De ahí que esta investigación tuvo como objetivos analizar cada una de las propuestas y sus contribuciones, así como determinar si las propuestas se aproximaban a la protección constitucional o se acercaban a una protección a través de los compromisos constitutivos. El trabajo presenta un diseño descriptivo, método analítico y enfoque cualitativo. Los hallazgos revelaron que las propuestas coinciden con los compromisos constitutivos y, por tanto, la eficacia de la institución del derecho de desconexión digital se alinea con el orden espontáneo.
Elecciones de 2020-2021. Caso Tabasco
Authors: Merino Damian Maday , Vautravers Tosca Guadalupe , Méndez Paz Lenin
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto dar a conocer los elementos legales, administrativos y operativos del proceso electoral desarrollado en el estado de Tabasco que inició en octubre de 2021. Para ello, durante su desarrollo se esboza un panorama desde su inicio, hasta su conclusión, con los diferentes medios de impugnación promovidos ante las autoridades electorales correspondientes.
Comparison of Blast, Bacterial Leaf Blight and Brown Plant Hopper Introgressed Lines for Yield and Morphological Traits Over Original Line
Authors: Manne Priyanka , Sanagala Raghavendra Rao , Menon Sai Murali Raj , Gantla Venkata Ramana Rao , Kethavath Srinivas Naik
Published: February 2024

Rice as a staple food for very large population suffers from various biotic and abiotic stresses. Among the biotic stresses, Blast, Bacterial leaf blight and Brown plant hopper (BPH) are considered to most potential threats that significantly affect the rice productivity. The use of chemical usage for controlling these diseases and pest attacks is not environmentally friendly and is expensive. Using Molecular Marker assisted backcross breeding program we have improved one of our hybrid parental line with 5 genes (xa13, Xa21, Pi54, Bph20 and Bph21). We have developed 15 near isogenic lines having similar agronomical characters as of recipient parent, they are promising for their direct induction in breeding program. Our results indicated that out of fifteen lines, Six lines i.e. GK 101-12, GK 101-15, GK 101-9, GK 101-5 and GK 101-2 out-performed in all the three locations tested, they had not only have very high level of resistance to BLB, Blast and BPH but also showed significantly higher yield compared to susceptible check as well as recipient parent. These lines may be used for improvement of our existing hybrid and also for developing of new hybrids with other CMS lines. These lines are also useful for developing new set of restorer lines through (R x R) and also useful for introgression of wide spectrum of resistance to the varieties/hybrid.