bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vernacular mobile literacies: Multimodality, creativity and cultural identity
Authors: Albawardi Areej , Jones Rodney H.
Published: March 2019

This paper focuses on how advanced learners of English at a woman’s college in Saudi Arabia use Snapchat to communicate with their classmates. It examines not just the way the English language becomes a meaning making resource in these exchanges, but also how English is strategically mixed with photos, drawings, emoji’s, and other languages to create meanings, identities, and relationships. The theoretical framework used to understand these strategies is adopted from ‘geosemiotics’, an approach to discourse that focuses on how meanings (as well as identities and relationships) are created through the ways semiotic resources are arranged in physical space. The analysis highlights how Snapchat creates opportunities for female learners of English in Saudi Arabia to open up new ‘cultural spaces’, and how these spaces can facilitate their language learning. At the same time, it is argued, these new ‘cultural spaces’ are contingent on the various creative ways these learners make use ofphysical space. Implications for understanding the relationship between creativity and translanguaging are discussed.
Kultur und Weiterbildung
Authors: Nacke Stefan
Published: March 2019

Der Beitrag plädiert für einen weiten Kulturbegriff. Die Bildungsexpansion der vergangenen Jahrzehnte hat zu einem neuen Klassenantagonismus geführt, indem es um gesellschaftliche Teilhabe durch kulturelle Teilhabe geht. Angesichts einer Kulturalisierung von Politik muss Kulturpolitik ihre gesellschaftspolitische Dimension wahrnehmen und neue bildungs- und weiterbildungspolitische Allianzen suchen.
Insulin Promotes Wound Healing by Inactivating NFkβP50/P65 and Activating Protein and Lipid Biosynthesis and alternating Pro/Anti-inflammatory Cytokines Dynamics
Authors: Kaur Pawandeep , Choudhury Diptiman
Published: March 2019

Four hundred and twenty-two million people have diabetes due to excess free body glucose in their body fluids. Diabetes leads to various problems including retinopathy, neuropathy, arthritis, damage blood vessels etc; it also causes a delay in wound healing. Insufficiency of insulin is the main reason for diabetes-I and systemic insulin treatment is a remedy. The perspective of the potential use of insulin/insulin based drugs to treat chronic wounds in diabetic conditions is focused on in this review. At the site of the wound, TNF-ɑ, IFN-ϒ, IL-1β and IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines cause the generation of free radicals, leading to inflammation which becomes persistent in diabetes. Insulin induces expression of IL-4/IL-13, IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokines etc which further down-regulates NFkβP50/P65 assembly. Insulin shifts the equilibrium towards NFkβP50/P50 which leads to down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10 etc through STAT6, STAT3 and c-Maf activation causing nullification of an inflammatory condition. Insulin also promotes protein and lipid biosynthesis which indeed promotes wound recovery. Here, in this article, the contributions of insulin in controlling wound tissue microenvironments and remodulation of tissue have been summarised, which may be helpful to develop novel insulin-based formulation(s) for effective treatment of wounds in diabetic conditions.
Modelling and Simulation of Multiphase Flow Applicable to Processes in Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Mouketou Florice Nzikou , Kolesnikov Andrei
Published: March 2019

Solid particle erosion is a mechanical process of destroying a wall surface material due to the impacts of solid particles entrained with a fluid. It is a frequent phenomenon encountered within various industries such as chemical processes, oil and gas, and hydraulic transportation. Erosion problem has led to enormous consequences such as oil spills caused by equipment failure of oil transmission pipelines, chokes valves, pipe fittings etc; resulting in considerable economic loss as well as safety and environmental concerns. In this study, a 3-D simulations are performed using CFD code ANSYS FLUENT to predict sand erosion rates under different engine-oil viscosity conditions for multiphase liquid, in a 90-degree standard (R/D = 1.5) elbow pipe. The CFD utilizes Eulerian-Lagrangian method to model the multiphase flow oil-water-sand in elbow. The realizable k-ε model is adopted for the fluid turbulence effects. The velocity and pressure distributions are analysed as contours for the fluid flow. In order to understand the dynamics of the erosion process, the motion of the solid particles are also investigated based on Stokes number as well as the effect of secondary flows. The results indicated that erosion rates decrease with the increase in oil viscosity. Additionally, erosion mainly occurs in two locations; at the extrados near the bend exit and also on the side walls of the downstream straight pipe. The unusual distribution of erosion on the side walls occurred as a result of the effect of secondary flows due to centrifugal force. The numerical results are in qualitative good agreement with the experimental data available in the literature for elbows in order to validate the presented modelling approach.
Trump: A Semiotic Analysis
Authors: Berger Arthur Asa
Published: March 2019

This analysis discusses the various culture codes that are found in societies and the work of Clotaire Rapaille and Marcel Danesi on this topic. It then offers a semiotic analysis of Trump’s candidacy and presidency and deals with topics such as his hair style, rhetorical style, use of metaphors and metonymy, facial expression and body language, jokes about Trump, and his use of humor.
City of Nostalgia: The Semiotics of Urban Retrotopias
Authors: Leone Massimo
Published: March 2019

The Casa da Nostalgia, or “Nostalgic house,” in the Taipa area of the special administrative region of Macau, is a museum devoted to temporary exhibitions reconstructing everyday life in the city, especially in the epoch of Portuguese ruling. Just opposite the museum, on the other side of a large pond, a giant casino, the Venetian Macau, reproduces Venice both with its external architecture and its interior design. The article analyzes these two urban settings in order to develop a semiotic understanding of as many ways of symbolically reconstructing cities. On the one hand, cities can be reconstructed in a nostalgic form; the essay inquires on the origin and the consequences of urban nostalgia; on the other hand, cities can be reconstructed as ersatz. The article further investigates the dialectics between predominantly temporal or prevailingly spatial urban reconstructions, with reference to the socio-cultural dynamics that have changed Macau in the last decades. The article concludes with the methodological suggestion that the study of urban re-constructions requires the combined efforts of several disciplines, jointly investigating why, how, but also to what effect cities are re-built.
From tendencies to purposes
Authors: Fernández Eliseo , Campbell Cary
Published: March 2019

In this article, Fernández examines a remarkable convergence of ideas in Peirce’s mature thought: the Aristotelian notion of causal powers or capacities and its possible combination with some ideas about finality that Kant advanced to make sense of the notion of purpose in the behavior of organisms. He argues that this proposed synthesis deserves to gain relevance in light of new investigations aimed at clarifying issues concerning causality and explanation in science, especially in biology. After reviewing new developments and interpretations concerning the notions of mechanism, teleology, and purpose, especially in regard to their origins in the Kantian tradition, Fernández concludes this trailblazing study by hypothesizing that the characteristic “finality” of biological teleology (manifest in the very idea of purpose) results from the interaction of two basic types of causation:efficient causationandsemiotic causation. This a standpoint that incorporates ideas from Peircean semiotics to characterize and justify biological teleology.
A new method of lithologic identification and distribution characteristics of fine - grained sediments: A case study in southwest of Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Lyu Qiqi , Luo Shunshe , Guan Yulong , Fu Jinhua , Niu Xiaobing , Xu Liming , Feng Shengbin , Li Shixiang
Published: March 2019

Lithologic identification is critical for studying fine - grained sediments, which further elucidates sedimentary environment, and formation. The oil - bearing Chang 7 Section of the Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin contains thick dark mudstone with a wide distribution, interbedded by siltstone and fine sandstone. The lacustrine fine - grained sedimentary rocks constitute the chief source rock of the Yanchang Formation. On the grounds of fine core description, thin rock slice identification and X - ray diffraction analysis, we proposed a new method based on conventional logging data. This method is using density (DEN) and natural gamma (GR) logging curve intersection and multivariate linear regression analysis of logging curve value and measured mineral content value which is carried out by SPSS software to identify the lithology and the vertical distribution characteristics of fine - grained sedimentary rock of Chang 7 formation in the study area. This method is mainly suitable for lithologic identification of fine - grained sedimentary rocks in lake basin. It not only quantitatively analyses the contents of main minerals and organic matter in fine - grained sedimentary rocks, but also greatly improved the accuracy and universality of using conventional logging data to identify the lithology of fine - grained sedimentary rocks, which provides a reference for the exploration of tight oil.
Modified Gompertz sigmoidal model removing fine-ending of grain-size distribution
Authors: Yuan Rui , Yang Bo , Liu Yingfei , Huang Lingyu
Published: March 2019

Because of the laboratory operating, the fineending of grain-size distribution (GSD) are simply combined as one point, which results in the information loss of the fine and very-fine clastic particles, and affects the geological parameters calculation of GSD. To remove the fine-endings, a modified Gompertz sigmoidal model is proposed in this paper. The first stage is establishing and solving the modified Gompertz sigmoidal model; the second stage is fitting and evaluating the cumulative probability and frequency of GSD; the third stage is calculating the geological parameters. Taking 113 samples for example, coefficients of determination (COD) between measured and fitted individual cumulative probability and frequency are bigger than 0.98980 and 0.97000 respectively, which proves the goodness of fitting results. By moments method using frequency data, theCODbetween fitted and measured mean is 0.97578, whileCODsof sorting, skewness and kurtosis are in low values, which suggest that the fine-endings has little influence on the average grain-sizes of GSD and large influence on its geometry. Besides, modified Gompertz sigmoidal model offers another quick numerical way to calculate median, mean and sorting of GSD by graphical method using cumulative probability data. The proposed method is useful to remove the fine-endings and contribute to calculate the geological parameters of GDS.
Between cant and Kant: Christie Davies and the (im?)possibility of seriousness in humor studies
Authors: Palmieri Giacinto
Published: March 2019

This paper discusses Christie Davies’ recommendation for seriousness in the investigation of jokes and contrasts it with several instances of humorous discourse in his own writings. After arguing that a taste for both the production and the appreciation of humor played an important role in Davies’ research, and that humor can be used productively in humor research, the article raises the question of whether the need for a separation between humor as a subject of study and as a style of discourse about it has not been overstated in humor studies.
Von Fall zu Fall
Authors: Gärtner Stefan , Körver Jacques , Walton Martin
Published: March 2019

In 2016, the Dutch Case Studies Project in Chaplaincy Care (CSP) was launched, an interdenominational and interuniversity empirical research project on case studies from different fields of chaplaincy. The article presents the methodological approach and the procedure of description and evaluation. The CSP works with research communities composed of chaplains working in a similar context under supervision by a research scholar. The article also analyzes the social and institutional framework of pastoral and spiritual care in a secular setting and its influence on the orientation of the CSP. In conclusion, a comparison to the situation in German speaking countries is drawn.
AGCS Technique to Improve the Performance of Neural Networks
Authors: Katha Kishor Kumar , Pabboju Suresh
Published: March 2019

In this paper, a fresh method is offered regarding training of particular neural networks. This technique is a combination of the adaptive genetic (AG) and cuckoo search (CS) algorithms, called the AGCS method. The intention of training a particular artificial neural network (ANN) is to obtain the finest weight load. With this protocol, a particular weight is taken into account as feedback, which is optimized by means of the hybrid AGCS protocol. In the beginning, a collection of weights is initialized and the similar miscalculation is discovered. Finally, during training of an ANN, we can easily overcome the training complications involving ANNs and also gain the finest overall performance with training of the ANN. We have implemented the proposed system in MATLAB, and the overall accuracy is about 93%, which is much better than that of the genetic algorithm (86%) and CS (88%) algorithm.
Secrets of Lighting: Library Book Stack Illumination and Its Influences on Readers’ Book-Searching Behaviors
Authors: Su Wencheng , Lu Zhangping , Lu Wenqing , Li Rui
Published: March 2019

Book stack illuminance was recorded by a luminometer from September 2016 through September 2017 based on tracking-observation in two libraries at the University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign in the US and the Jiangsu University Library in China. Independent-samples T test and one-way analysis of variance were used for records data analysis. Further, an experiment was designed to measure the effects of book stack lighting environment on readers’ book-searching behaviors. Independent-samples T test was used for experiment data analysis. It was found that the seasonal illuminance of book stacks changed irregularly, which meant that two hypotheses (1 and 2) central to this study were not fully supported, and the day-night illumination differences on the stacks was significant in UIUC libraries for three seasons, and completely significant in JSU Library. In the course of behavior experiments, stack lighting had no significant effect on American participants’ searching performance, while the results in the library of China were diametrically opposite. Therefore, the lighting system in book stacks should be optimized through choosing the appropriate light sources, adjusting the approaches to book stack lighting and, even more, considering readers’ expectation and perception during library lighting designing, so as to increase their efficiency in book-searching.
Computed tomography findings in patients with Samter’s Triad: an observational study
Authors: Kim Min Bum , Lim Gil Chai , Park Jin A , Kim Yoo Suk , Kim Jeong Hong , Kang Ju Wan
Published: March 2019

Samter’s Triad is a disorder characterized by chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (NPs), asthma, and intolerance to cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors. However, there have been no studies investigating the prediction of Samter’s Triad using imaging findings. Therefore, the authors aimed to investigate whether there is a difference in computed tomography (CT) findings between patients who have CRS with NPs and those with Samter’s Triad. Patients were classified into a CRS group and a Samter group. Opacification was measured using data from CT scans by scoring each sinus on a numerical rating scale ranging from 0 to 4. The opacification scores of the ethmoid and frontal sinuses were significantly higher in the Samter’s Triad group. Furthermore, Samter’s Triad was more common in patients who scored ≤ 2 for maxillary opacification (7/16) than in those who scored ≥3 (4/45, p=0.005). Patients with Samter’s Triad exhibited a tendency toward higher opacification scores for the ethmoid and frontal sinuses, with a relatively lower opacification score for the maxillary sinus. These findings could be helpful in distinguishing patients with Samter’s Triad from those who have CRS with NPs, and to plan treatment strategies without having to perform additional laboratory or radiological tests.
A spinal subdural hematoma induced by guidewire-based lumbar drainage in a patient with ruptured intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Qi Meng , Huang Tao , Xu Lei , Wang Ning , Zhang Peipei , Hu Xi
Published: March 2019

We present a rare case of spinal subdural hematoma induced by guidewire-based lumbar drainage in a subarachnoid hemorrhage patient with a ruptured intracranial aneurysm. Decreased muscle strength and muscle tension of bilateral lower limbs were noted, and an MRI confirmed the spinal subdural hematoma from the sacral to the thoracic segments. The spinal subdural hematoma evacuation and spinal canal decompression were performed by laminectomy. However, the patient did not benefit from the surgery and developed lower limb muscle atrophy. The complication of the spinal subdural hematoma after lumbar drainage is extremely rare; only limited approaches are available for the treatment of spinal hematoma to improve the outcome and avoid severe consequences. Thus, the present case might suggest refraining from use of a guidewire during lumbar drainage for the prevention of spinal subdural hematoma and close observation of the related symptoms and signs for the early detection of spinal hematoma after the procedure. In addition, full decompression can be performed by complete hematoma evacuation and laminectomy of related segments for the treatment of spinal subdural hematoma induced by lumbar drainage.
High expression B3GAT3 is related with poor prognosis of liver cancer
Authors: Zhang Yan-li , Ding Chao , Sun Lei
Published: March 2019

Liver cancer is one of the most malignant tumors with poor prognosis. Finding molecular markers that can predict prognosis is very important for the treatment of liver cancer. The present research is trying to find a new biomarker for human liver cancer. The analysis of abnormal expression genes and prognosis value on liver cancer by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database, the Pathology Atlas of the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), and Kaplan Meier-plotter (KM plotter), proved that B3GAT3 might be one of the important candidates. Furthermore, we investigated the specific role of B3GAT3 on liver cancer through the transfection of B3GAT3 siRNA in HepG2 cells. The proliferation was detected using CCK8, and migration and invasion were determined using Transwell assay. Our results proved that knockdown of B3GAT3 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, B3GAT3 knockdown inhibited the expression of EMT related proteins, N-cad, Snail, and Twist, while promoting the expression of E-cad, suggesting that B3GAT3 knockdown reversed the EMT process of liver cancer cells. In conclusion, overexpressed B3GAT3 promotes the process of tumor EMT, which is an independent prognostic marker to predict the prognosis of liver cancer and might be a potential new target for liver cancer therapy.
Oncoprotein LAMTOR5 activates GLUT1 via upregulating NF-κB in liver cancer
Authors: Zhou Jing , Li Yajun , Li Danhua , Liu Zhi , Zhang Jie
Published: March 2019

Objective

Accumulating reports reveal that serving as an oncogenic factor LAMTOR5 is involved in the progression of many specific cancers. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) is frequently identified in many cancers. However, it remains unexplored whether GLUT1 plays a role in LAMTOR5-enhanced liver cancer. Here, we aim to decipher the function of LAMTOR5 in the regulation of GLUT1 in liver cancer.

Methods

The effect of LAMTOR5 on GLUT1 was analyzed using Western blotting and RT-PCR assay. Dose-increased over-expression or silencing of LAMTOR5 was performed through transient transfection. LAMTOR5-activated GLUT1 promoter was revealed by luciferase reporter assay. The regulation of GLUT1 by LAMTOR5/NF-κB was examined via Western blotting and luciferase reporter assays.

Results

The data showed that in liver cancer cells under the administration with dose-increased LAMTOR5, the level of mRNA and protein of GLUT1 was obviously raised. Our data revealed that the activities of GLUT1 promoter were induced by LAMTOR5. Then, we found that the elevation of GLUT 1 mediated by LAMTOR5 slowed when the inhibitor or siRNAs of NF-κB was introduced into the liver cancer cells. Conclusion. LAMTOR5 is responsible for the activation of GLUT1 via transcription factor NF-κB in liver cancer.
Laser-written colours on silver: optical effect of alumina coating
Authors: Guay Jean-Michel , Calà Lesina Antonino , Killaire Graham , Gordon Peter G. , Hahn Choloong , Barry Sean T. , Ramunno Lora , Berini Pierre , Weck Arnaud
Published: March 2019

In this paper we discuss the optical response of laser-written plasmonic colours on silver coated via the atomic layer deposition of alumina. These colours are due to nanoparticles distributed on a flat surface and on a surface with periodic topographical features (i.e. ripples). The colours are observed to shift with increasing alumina film thickness. The colours produced by surfaces with ripples recover their original vibrancy and hue after the deposition of film of thickness ~60 nm, while colours arising from flat surfaces gradually fade and never recover. Analysis of the surfaces identifies periodic topographical features to be responsible for this behaviour. Finite-difference time-domain simulations unravel the role played by the alumina thickness in colour formation and confirm the rotations and recovery of colours for increasing alumina thickness. The coloured surfaces were evaluated for applications in colourimetric and radiometric sensing showing large sensitivities of up to 3.06/nm and 3.19 nm/nm, respectively. The colourimetric and radiometric sensitivities are observed to be colour dependent.
Crystal structure of 5-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-N-phenyl-2-amine, C23H16ClN5O
Authors: Alotaibi Mohammad Hayal , Mohamed Hanan A. , Abdel-Wahab Bakr F. , Hegazy Amany S. , Kariuki Benson M. , El-Hiti Gamal A.
Published: March 2019

C23H16ClN5O, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.0503(6) Å, b = 17.5265(9) Å, c = 22.8763(16) Å, β = 91.554(6)°, V = 4028.1(4) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0748, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.2274, T = 296(2) K.
The crystal structure of 2-(4-chloro-2,6-dinitrophenyl)-1-(4-chloro)diazene oxide, C12H6Cl2N4O5
Authors: Cao Junyan , Wang Jianlong , Chen Jun , Zhang Xiyu , Qin Zhiang
Published: March 2019

C12H6Cl2N4O5, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.1022(14) Å, b = 9.6916(17) Å, c = 10.2476(17) Å, α = 78.346(4)°, β = 68.657(4)°, γ = 71.167(4)°, V = 706.1(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0356, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1109, T = 120 K.
Crystal structure of methyl 4-acetoxybenzoate, C10H10O4
Authors: Li-Min Fang , Jian-Ping Huang , Jian-Cheng Dai , Xu-Liang Nie , Chang-Xiang Liu , Nian-Qian Kang , Lin Huang
Published: March 2019

C10H10O4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 25.400(4) Å, b = 5.9738(10) Å, c = 12.746(2) Å, β = 94.318(2)°, V = 1928.5(6) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0434, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1276, T = 296(2) K.
Non-equilibrium Phase Transitions in 2D Small-World Networks: Competing Dynamics
Authors: Liu Wei , Yan Zhengxin , Zhou Gaoliang
Published: March 2019

This article offers a detailed analysis of the Ising model in 2D small-world networks with competing Glauber and Kawasaki dynamics. The non-equilibrium stationary state phase transitions are obtained in these networks. The phase transitions are discussed, and the phase diagrams are obtained via Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size analyzing. We find that as the addition of links increases the phase transition temperature increases and the transition competing probability of tricritical point decreases. For the competition of the two dynamics, ferromagnetic to anti-ferromagnetic phase transitions and the critical endpoints are found in the small-world networks.
Growth, Vibrational, Optical, Mechanical and DFT Investigations of an Organic Nonlinear Optical Material – Phenylurea
Authors: Dinesh Marappan , Maadeswaran Palanisamy , Ho Mon-Shu , Babu Balraj , Chandrasekar Sivakumar
Published: March 2019

In this work, combined experimental and computational studies of an organic nonlinear optical material, phenylurea (PU), are reported. Optical quality single crystal of PU, was successfully grown by the slow evaporation method. The unit cell parameters of the grown PU crystal belong to the monoclinic system and these belong to the non-centrosymmetric (NCS), P21, space group. Morphology of the crystal was indexed and it reveals its 14 distinct faces. Vibrational modes of PU functional groups were assigned successfully using FTIR and Raman spectrum. The grown crystal exhibits low cutoff wavelength at UV region with good optical transparency and blue wavelength emission. The preliminary measurements confirmed that second harmonic generation (SHG) activity (∼7.6 KDP and ∼2.2 urea) with excellent laser induced threshold damage (LDT) having a value of 2.92 GW/cm2 (∼1.95 urea). TG/DTA analysis shows that endothermic nature of grown crystal with thermal stability up to 154 °C. The Vickers micro hardness test confirms soft material behavior of PU crystal and it was further explored by crystal void percentage calculation. Electrical properties such as dielectric and photoconductivity measurements were carried out for grown crystal. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) studies such as Mulliken charge distribution, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) map and first order hyperpolarizability (β) were determined to probe the structure-property relationship. These results suggest that PU single crystal can be a better alternate for urea in NLO applications.
4-Acetamidophenol Binding Mechanism with DNA by UV-Vis and FTIR Techniques Based on Binding Energy, LUMO and HOMO Orbitals and Geometry of Molecule
Authors: Habib Aqsa , Bhatti Haq Nawaz , Iqbal Munawar , Asim Sadia , Mansha Asim
Published: March 2019

Present study was conducted to appraise the interaction mechanism of 4-acetamidophenol (4-AP) with DNA based on UV-Vis and FTIR techniques based on binding energy, isolated atomic energy, LUMO and HOMO orbitals gap and geometry of molecule. Analysis revealed the groove binding and intercalation mode of interaction between 4-AP and DNA since hyperchromic and bathochromic shifts were observed in response of interaction of DNA. The planar part of interacting molecule intercalated with DNA and non-planar part of 4-acetamidophenol bounded with DNA (groove binding). The constants for binding between 4-AP and DNA were calculated and 20.12 × 103 mol−1 dm3 binding constant was recorded at pH 4.7, whereas this value was 5.32 × 103 mol−1 dm3 for the pH 7.4. The binding constant value for interaction of 4-AP with DNA revealed the possibility of oral administration of 4-AP. The 4-AP binding with DNA is spontaneous process, which was confirmed from negative value of free energy at room temperature. FTIR study revealed that C–H and C=C (aromatic) functional groups were involved in binding at pH 4.7 and C=O (amide) was involved in groove binding, whereas C–H (aromatic) was responsible for intercalation at pH 7.4 and C–H (alkaline) and C=O (amide) were responsible for groove binding at pH 4.7.
Gas-Phase Reactions of the Group 10 Organometallic Cations, [(phen)M(CH3)]+ with Acetone: Only Platinum Promotes a Catalytic Cycle via the Enolate [(phen)Pt(OC(CH2)CH3)]+
Authors: Greis Kim , Canty Allan J. , O’Hair Richard A. J.
Published: March 2019

Electrospray ionisation of the ligated group 10 metal complexes [(phen)M(O2CCH3)2] (M = Ni, Pd, Pt) generates the cations [(phen)M(O2CCH3)]+, whose gas-phase chemistry was studied using multistage mass spectrometry experiments in an ion trap mass spectrometer with the combination of collision-induced dissociation (CID) and ion-molecule reactions (IMR). A new catalytic cycle has been discovered. In step 1, decarboxylation of [(phen)M(O2CCH3)]+ under CID conditions generates the organometallic cations [(phen)M(CH3)]+, which react with acetone to generate the [(phen)M(CH3)(OC(CH3)2)]+ adducts in competition with formation of the coordinated enolate for M = Pt (step 2). For M = Ni and Pd, the adducts regenerate [(phen)M(CH3)]+ upon CID. In the case of M = Pt, loss of methane is favored over loss of acetone and results in the formation of the enolate complex, [(phen)Pt(OC(CH2)CH3)]+. Upon further CID, both methane and CO loss can be observed resulting in the formation of the ketenyl and ethyl complexes [(phen)Pt(OCCH)]+ and [(phen)Pt(CH2CH3)]+ (step 3), respectively. In step 4, CID of [(phen)Pt(CH2CH3)]+ results in a beta-hydride elimination reaction to yield the hydride complex, [(phen)Pt(H)]+, which reacts with acetic acid to regenerate the acetate complex [(phen)Pt(O2CCH3)]+ and H2 in step 5. Thus, the catalytic cycle is formally closed, which corresponds to the decomposition of acetone and acetic acid into methane, CO, CO2, ethene and H2. All except the last step of the catalytic cycle are modelled using DFT calculations with optimizations of structures at the M06/SDD 6-31G(d) level of theory.
Autoregulated Resistance Training: Does Velocity-Based Training Represent the Future?
Authors: Nevin Jonpaul
Published: March 2019

TRADITIONALLY, RESISTANCE TRAINING INTENSITY HAS BEEN BASED UPON A PERCENTAGE OF AN INDIVIDUAL'S 1RM. HOWEVER, THERE ARE NUMEROUS SHORTCOMINGS WITH THIS APPROACH, INCLUDING ITS FAILURE TO CONSIDER AN ATHLETE'S CONDITIONAL, DAY-TO-DAY TRAINING READINESS. IN ORDER TO ADDRESS THESE LIMITATIONS, THE USE OF VARIOUS PROGRESSIVE AUTO-REGULATED RESISTANCE TRAINING PROTOCOLS HAS BEEN SUGGESTED IN THE LITERATURE. RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MONITORING OF MOVEMENT VELOCITY OFFER A UNIQUE APPROACH BY WHICH TO OPTIMIZE THE USE OF AUTO-REGULATED RESISTANCE TRAINING. BY MATCHING ESTABLISHED ACUTE RESISTANCE TRAINING VARIABLES TO SPECIFIC MOVEMENT VELOCITIES THE STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PRACTITIONER CAN OPTIMIZE RESISTANCE TRAINING INTENSITY AND OBJECTIVELY IDENTIFY THE ONSET OF NEUROMUSCULAR FATIGUE.
DNA Barcoding & Macroinvertebrate Identification
Authors: Jackson Miranda , Gahr Br. Albert S.
Published: March 2019

Macroinvertebrates are readily available at the undergraduate level and provide an indicator of stream quality. DNA barcoding is the use of a sequence comparison of a specific region of the DNA that allows for classification of the organism. In most undergraduate courses, the discussion of genetic identification and stream quality assessment remain separated concepts. However, joining these lectures into a three-part laboratory learning module could bridge this gap and prepare students for a real-world application. During the first week of the proposed activity, students perform taxonomic identification. The following week, they perform a DNA isolation. In the last week, they use polymerase chain reaction and electrophoresis, possibly with a lecture examining a barcode for an example of the final outcome. In our research, we have determined effective methods that will allow all three sections to be completed in three three-hour undergraduate lab sessions, with minor modifications. Furthermore, the data we collected showed 54% efficiency. The methods we outline introduce new techniques and skills that prepare students for next-level education or employment and attempt to integrate ecological or environmental analysis with genetic analysis and DNA extraction techniques, making this lab series worth exploring at the undergraduate level.
Sphingolipid/Pkh1/2-TORC1/Sch9 Signaling Regulates Ribosome Biogenesis in Tunicamycin-Induced Stress Response in Yeast
Authors: Yabuki Yukari , Ikeda Atsuko , Araki Misako , Kajiwara Kentaro , Mizuta Keiko , Funato Kouichi
Published: March 2019

Reduced ribosome biogenesis in response to environmental conditions is a key feature of cell adaptation to stress. For example, ribosomal genes are transcriptionally repressed when cells are exposed to tunicamycin, a protein glycosylation inhibitor that induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and blocks vesicular trafficking in the secretory pathway. Here, we describe a novel regulatory model, in which tunicamycin-mediated stress induces the accumulation of long-chain sphingoid bases and subsequent activation of Pkh1/2 signaling, which leads to decreased expression of ribosomal protein genes via the downstream effectors Pkc1 and Sch9. Target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1), an upstream activator of Sch9, is also required. This pathway links ribosome biogenesis to alterations in membrane lipid composition under tunicamycin-induced stress conditions. Our results suggest that sphingolipid/Pkh1/2-TORC1/Sch9 signaling is an important determinant for adaptation to tunicamycin-induced stress.
The efficacy of adding vitamin B12 to pegylated interferon and ribavirin treatment in Hepatitis C virus patients regarding the host and viral prognostic factors
Authors: Mokhtare Marjan , Zeidabadi Ahmad Darvishi , Bahardoust Mansour , Safari Saeid , Barati Mitra , Agah Shahram , Motavaf Mahsa
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects almost 180 million people around the world. Even though the development of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) has significantly improved the treatment responses to HCV infection, treatment with pegylated interferon (PegIFN) in combination with ribavirin is considered the standard of care (SOC) for chronic HCV infection treatment in countries with limited medical resources. Considering the inhibitory effect of vitamin B12 on HCV replication, we have evaluated the effect of vitamin B12 supplementation along with SOC on treatment outcomes in patients with chronic HCV infection, who were antiviral treatment-naive.

Methods: In this regard, seventy-four HCV-infected patients, naïve to antiviral therapy, were randomly assigned to receive SOC or SOC in addition to vitamin B12 (SOC + B12). Viral response was evaluated at 4, 12, 24 and 48 weeks following the initiation of viral treatment and at 24 weeks after completing the treatment. Genotyping of the interleukin 28B (IL28B) polymorphisms was also performed. Demographic characteristics, clinical findings, fibroscan results and drug adverse effects were recorded.

Results: Our findings showed that rapid viral response was not significantly different between the two groups; however, the rates of complete early viral response (cEVR) (p=0.033), end-of-treatment viral response (ETVR) (p=0.001) and sustained virologic response (SVR) (p=0.0001) were significantly higher in SOC + B12 patients compared to SOC patients. Besides, in SOC + B12 patients, those with a higher baseline viral load and carriers of IL28B CC genotype showed significantly higher rate of SVR.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the addition of vitamin B12 significantly improved the rate of SVR in HCV-infected patients, who were naïve to antiviral therapy. As this treatment regimen is safe and inexpensive, it proposes an option for improving the effectiveness of the HCV treatment with SOC, particularly in resource-limited settings.
MODIFICATION TECHNOLOGY OF MONTMORILLONITE BY POLYIONENES
Authors: Sukhyy Kostyantyn M , Belyanovskaya Elena , Sukhyy Mikhaylo P
Published: March 2019

Technology of obtaining montmorillonite modified by polyionenes is developed. Macromolecular polymer intercalation of a quaternary ammonium salt of montmorillonite intercrystalline space is shown to be accompanied with increased interlayer distances from 1.08 nm to 1.67 nm. The technique of synthesis of montmorillonite modified by polyionenes is suggested. Optimal conditions for sorption of polyionenes molecules with montmorillonite are found to be: the concentration of aqueous dispersion of montmorillonite is 1 %, the temperature of the reaction medium is 40 °C, the montmorillonite-polyionene ratio is 3 : 1, the processing time is 24 hours. The mechanism of montmorillonite modification is suggested to involve the next steps: connection of organic cations to montmorillonite surface determined by attachment of organic cations to exchange position during ion-exchange adsorption and adsorption of organic cations with acid sylanol groups, i.e. torn bonds on crystal faces. These processes are shown to result in more perfect structure by organic cations adsorption with acid sylanol groups (torn bonds on crystal faces).
OBTAINING TECHNOLOGY FOR NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON POLYAMIDE-6 AND ORGANOMODIFIED MONTMORILLONITE
Authors: Sukhyy Kostyantyn M , Belyanovskaya Elena A , Sukhyy Mikhaylo P. , Tomilo Vitaliy I. , Lytovchenko Roman D.
Published: March 2019

The obtaining technology of nanocomposites based on polyamide-6 and organomodified montmorillonite is developed. The technological parameters of extrusion and injection molding, and their influence on the formation of nanoscale inorganic phase of the polyamide are investigated. Morphology and thermal behavior of polyamide-6, composites based on polyamide-6 and modified montmorillonite are studied by WAXS, XRD, DTA and DSC data. Morphology and thermal behavior of polyamide-6 and composites based on polyamide-6 and modified montmorillonite are shown to be in a strong juxtaposition. New γ-phase formation is revealed in composite polyamide-6 – 1–2 % of modified montmorillonite in contrast with polyamide-6 and mechanical mixtures of polyamide-6 and montmorillonite. Optimal concentrations of modified montmorillonite in the composites stated as 1 – 2 % are shown to correspond with composites improved properties as compared to initial polyamide-6. It is explained by increasing crystallinity degree, which resulted from acting of modified montmorillonite particles as nucleation heterogenetic agents.
Estudo comparativo entre imagens de câmera fotográfica convencional e smartphone para o telediagnóstico de tumores palpebrais.
Authors: Aoki Lisia , Pereira Ivana Cardoso , Matayoshi Suzana
Published: March 2019

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar a acurácia do diagnóstico de tumor palpebral por avaliação de fotos obtidas por câmera convencional versus câmera acoplada em smartphone. Métodos: trinta e seis pacientes foram submetidos a exame externo e exame biomicroscópico para estabelecimento de diagnóstico clínico. As lesões foram fotografadas com câmera convencional Canon SX530 HS, digital de 16,8 megapixels e com câmera do smartphone modelo GALAXY S4. Todas as lesões foram ressecadas e submetidas a exame anatomopatológico. As imagens pré-operatórias foram analisadas à distância por dois especialistas em doenças palpebrais. Os dados dos diagnósticos presencial e dos teleavaliadores foram confrontados com o padrão ouro do diagnóstico histológico. Resultados: as lesões mais frequentes foram constituídas por carcinoma basocelular (33,3%), queratose actínica (19,4%) e nevo (13,9%). O coeficiente de Kappa para diagnóstico de lesão maligna mostrou concordância entre os teleavaliadores nas imagens por câmera (0,68) e com smartphone (0,78). A acurácia do examinador presencial foi de 94,4%, a dos teleavaliadores nas imagens por câmera foi de 83,3% e as do smartphone variou entre 80,6% e 86,1%. Não houve diferença nos índices de acerto por uso de câmera ou smartphone quando comparado com o exame presencial. Conclusão: imagens obtidas por smartphone foram equiparáveis em relação à câmera convencional para uso em telemedicina para diagnóstico de lesão maligna palpebral.
Investigação da Relação entre Variáveis Atmosféricas e a Concentração de MP10 E O3 no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Santos Tailine C. dos , Reboita Michelle Simões , Carvalho Vanessa Silveira Barreto
Published: March 2019

Resumo O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar relações entre variáveis atmosféricas e concentrações de material particulado inalável (MP10) e ozônio (O3) registradas no estado de São Paulo. Para isso, foram utilizados dados entre 2005 a 2014 de cinco estações de monitoramento de qualidade do ar. O estudo foi baseado em duas metodologias: Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) e campos médios meteorológicos. Nas ACP para as concentrações de O3, encontraram-se correlações positivas entorno de 0,5 e 0,6 com temperatura do ar, e correlações negativas, entre 0,4 e 0,6 com umidade relativa do ar. As contribuições das componentes do vento nas concentrações de O3 diferem de uma localidade para outra, sendo em Cubatão e Bauru maior a relação com ventos meridionais e nas demais a maior contribuição é da componente zonal, contudo, em todas as localidades as correlações são negativas com o O3. Para o MP10 teve-se as menores correlações, negativas para umidade, e praticamente nulas para temperatura. As correlações com as componentes do vento variam de acordo com a localidade. Com isso, é possível concluir que relações de MP10 com umidade são mais significativas e no caso do O3, dentre todas as variáveis, destaca-se a correlação com temperatura como a mais importante, já com relação ao vento ressalta-se a forte ligação deste com as características locais e particulares de cada estação. Os campos médios das variáveis atmosféricas revelam durante altas concentrações de MP10 e O3 a predominância da atuação do Anticiclone Subtropical do Atlântico Sul (ASAS) sobre a região Sudeste do Brasil. Com relação à temperatura do ar, as maiores concentrações de ozônio ocorreram em dias com temperaturas elevadas, e sem diferença significativa em dias de altas concentrações de MP10. Por fim, as maiores concentrações de MP10 e O3 ocorreram em dias secos e de ventos fracos.
Dinâmicas de surgimento de novos partidos na América do Sul (1979-2015)
Authors: Krause Silvana , Schaefer Bruno Marques , Barbosa Tiago Alexandre Leme
Published: March 2019

Resumo O início da década de 1980 caracteriza-se pelo esgotamento dos regimes autoritários na América do Sul. O longo processo de transição que passaram alguns países, ou a abrupta ruptura institucional de outros, marcou o retorno dos partidos à arena de disputa política. Como diversos autores pontuaram, desde então, tem-se assistido a emergência de novos atores políticos ou transformações de partidos anteriormente consolidados. Neste trabalho, investigamos as dinâmicas do surgimento de novos partidos no subcontinente. Os mesmos são tratados enquanto organizações que se apresentam pela primeira vez em pleito nacional. Consideramos todas as eleições (91) realizadas no período de 1979 até 2015, no sentido de observar as variações do número de novos partidos que surgiram em cada pleito, a partir de fontes secundárias (outros trabalhos) e primárias (bancos de dados dos respectivos tribunais eleitorais). A literatura que trata do surgimento de novos partidos, em democracias consolidadas ou emergentes, aponta distintas variáveis que impactam nos incentivos à gênese de novas organizações. Crises políticas ou sociais, atores políticos e/ou incentivos institucionais. Em nosso caso, a partir da análise estatística multivariada, buscamos perceber quais são as variáveis que têm mais efeito sobre o surgimento de novos partidos. Os resultados apontam que existem diferenças significativas entre os países, sendo os Andinos muito mais propensos à emergência de novos partidos, devido a alterações Constitucionais específicas. Causas sociais, como alto desemprego e baixo crescimento econômico, também foram significantes para explicar por que em alguns contextos surgiram mais novos partidos do que em outros.
Influências do Parlamento Jovem Brasileiro no comportamento político dos egressos: análise da autopercepção dos jovens participantes
Authors: Martins Lúcio Meireles , Barros Antonio Teixeira de
Published: March 2019

Resumo O estudo analisa a autopercepção dos participantes do Parlamento Jovem Brasileiro (PJB) sobre as influências do PJB no comportamento político dos egressos no período de 2006 a 2014, com base em survey eletrônico, incluindo análises quantitativas, por meio de técnicas descritivas e de inferência estatística. Os resultados apontam para uma mudança cultural duradoura e abrangente no nível da atitude política expressa no crescimento da confiança política no Poder Legislativo e, em menor nível, nos partidos políticos. O envolvimento social, caracterizado pelo interesse e motivação para o debate de questões sociais, e o engajamento cívico pelo acompanhamento da agenda política e pela participação em associações civis ampliam-se de forma relevante. A participação política formal em atividades partidárias também demonstra crescimento, entretanto, ocorre predominantemente entre homens e por egressos que também se engajaram no movimento estudantil.
Aspectos da imersão em mídias sociais por MPEs de desenvolvimento de software : estudo de caso múltiplo
Authors: Emygdio Jeanne Louize , Mattedi Adriana Prest
Published: March 2019

RESUMO O uso massivo de ferramentas tecnológicas colaborativas, como as mídias sociais, representa um desafio às organizações, frente à urgência de sua imersão no ciberespaço: contexto tecnológico digital global pós-moderno. Por imersão, compreende-se neste estudo, a entrada das empresas neste lócus, a fim de obterem acesso a informações estratégicas e desenvolverem maior capital relacional visando ampliar sua capacidade competitiva, seu desempenho colaborativo e vislumbrar maiores perspectivas de inovação. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar as práticas adotadas pelas MPEs desenvolvedoras de software através da utilização de mídias sociais em seus trâmites interorganizacionais. O estudo de caso múltiplo, natureza qualitativa e caráter descritivo, ocorreu em 21 empresas atuantes nas cidades de Itajubá (MG) e Santa Rita do Sapucaí (MG). Os resultados demonstram que, embora seja pouco significativa a compreensão sobre a importância da imersão, 58% das empresas participantes pretendem adotá-la sistematicamente. Há indícios de processos gradativos de imersão, sugerindo desenvolvimento progressivo de know-how para adaptação das estruturas organizacionais à essa tendência.
Estudo comparativo do Padrão de Descrição de Informação e MARC 21 em partitura de pianola
Authors: Moura Milene Rosa de Almeida , Costa Luzia Sigoli Fernandes
Published: March 2019

Resumo A variedade de bens materiais situados nas fazendas históricas paulistas suscitou a preocupação em preservar e compartilhar com a sociedade importantes referências históricas da formação econômica brasileira. A preocupação com a preservação destes ambientes culminou no desenvolvimento de projetos de políticas públicas, tendo como produtos finais as ferramentas para a organização e registro dos bens patrimoniais: sistema Memória Virtual Rural, para o cadastro dos itens e Padrão de Descrição de Informação, que permite que sejam catalogados todo o patrimônio situado nas fazendas, dada a sua variedade de campos. No presente trabalho realizou-se um estudo comparativo com o Padrão de Descrição de Informação e o padrão MARC 21 com aplicação em partitura de pianola, para avaliar a capacidade de descrição do primeiro. Partindo de uma pesquisa exploratória, criou-se o referencial teórico sobre catalogação. Do ponto de vista de sua natureza, trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada. A abordagem apresenta-se como qualitativa, visto que seus resultados são obtidos por meio de análises não numéricas. Por fim, concluiu-se que o Padrão de Descrição de Informação possui um alto grau de completude, necessitando de pequenas intervenções a fim de permitir uma descrição mais completa deste tipo de material.