bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration of Multi-Criteria Decision Support with Infrastructure of Smart Services for Sustainable Multi-Modal Transportation of Freights
Authors: Dzemydienė Dalė , Burinskienė Aurelija , Miliauskas Arūnas
Published: April 2021

The problems of developing online decision support systems concern the complexity of the transportation management processes, the multi-dimensionality of data warehouses (DWs), and the multi-criteria of decision making. Such issues arise in the management processes by supporting them with adaptable information and communication infrastructure for the management of the freight’s transportation processes. Our research domain involves the assurance of infrastructure for the provision of smart services for the operative management of multi-modal transportation of freights under the conditions of the heterogeneity of communication channels and multi-criteria decision support. The complexity of managing multi-modal transportation processes raises some problems for ensuring the infrastructure for finding more optimal management solutions by the requirements of green development. This research aims to develop the approach for providing the infrastructure of intelligent smart services for adaptable implementation in management processes of online multi-modal freight transportation. The objectives are forwarded to construct the multi-criteria decision-making components and integrate them into the multi-layered, computer-based information management of intelligent systems. We present the steps of extension of the structure of the knowledge-based system with a multi-criteria decision support method, and the possibilities to work under the conditions of wireless networks and the recognition of context-aware situations. The results are demonstrated for the analysis of alternatives by assessing the multi-modal transportation corridors between the East and West regions of Europe, and the opportunities to evaluate them for more effective managerial perspectives under sustainable development requirements.
Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of Green Infrastructure Practices for Urban Watersheds Using an Engineering–Environmental–Economic (3E) Model
Authors: Xing Yi-Jia , Chen Tse-Lun , Gao Meng-Yao , Pei Si-Lu , Pan Wei-Bin , Chiang Pen-Chi
Published: April 2021

Green infrastructure practices could provide innovative solutions for on-site stormwater management and runoff pollution control, which could relieve the stress of nonpoint pollution resulting from heavy rainfall events. In this study, the performance and cost-effectiveness of six green infrastructure practices, namely, green roofs, rain gardens, pervious surfaces, swales, detention basins, and constructed wetlands, were investigated. The comprehensive performance evaluation in terms of the engineering performance, environmental impact, and economic cost was determined in the proposed engineering–environmental–economic (3E) triangle model. The results revealed that these green infrastructure practices were effective for stormwater management in terms of runoff attenuation, peak flow reduction and delay, and pollutant attenuation. It was suggested that for pollution control, detention basins can efficiently reduce the total suspended solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and lead. The implementation of detention basins is highly recommended due to their higher engineering performance and lower environmental impact and economic cost. A case study of a preliminary cost–benefit analysis of green infrastructure practice exemplified by the Pearl River Delta in China was addressed. It suggested that green infrastructure was cost-effective in stormwater management in this area, which would be helpful for sustaining healthy urban watersheds.
The Urban Characteristics of High Economic Resilient Neighborhoods during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case of Suwon, South Korea
Authors: Hong Sungjo , Choi Seok-Hwan
Published: April 2021

Infectious diseases and pandemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic, have a huge economic impact on cities. However, few studies examine the economic resilience of small-scale regions within cities. Thus, this study derives neighborhoods with high economic resilience in a pandemic situation and reveals their urban characteristics. It evaluates economic resilience by analyzing changes in the amount of credit card payments in the neighborhood and classifying the types of neighborhoods therefrom. The study conducted the ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, and post hoc tests to analyze the difference in urban characteristics between neighborhood types. Accordingly, three neighborhood types emerged from the analysis: high-resilient neighborhood, low-resilient neighborhood, and neighborhood that benefited from the pandemic. The high-resilient neighborhood is a low-density residential area where many elderly people live. Neighborhoods that benefited are residential areas mainly located in high-density apartments where many families of parents and children live. The low-resilient neighborhood is an area with many young people and small households, many studio-type small houses, and a high degree of land-use mix.
Research on the Temporal and Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Forestry Output Efficiency in China
Authors: Lin Yu , Chen Wenhui , Liu Junchang
Published: April 2021

Forestry output efficiency is key to forestry development. China is now promoting the development of forestry, and thus the research on forestry output efficiency is of practical significance. Through the data envelopment analysis (DEA)-Malmquist index, spatial autocorrelation model, and fixed effect model of panel data, in this study, we analyzed the forestry output efficiency of China with indicators, such as the fixed asset input, employed personnel, total output value, and timber output, and drew the following conclusions. In the time series, the forestry total-factor productivity (TFP) in China saw a rapid increase, which is attributed to the technological progress change (TC), whereas the efficiency change (EC) imposed negative influences upon the forestry TFP. In the spatial distribution, there was a difference in the increase in the forestry output efficiency among the eastern, central, and western regions of China, with the eastern region having the fastest growth and the central region having the slowest growth. According to the spatial autocorrelation, there was spatial aggregation (high–high (HH) and low–low (LL)) with a significant positive correlation. Through the optimized fixed effect regression model, the fixed asset input, employed personnel, total output value, and timber output all had significant influences on the comprehensive technical efficiency of the forestry output, wherein the input indicators had negative influences, and the output indicators had positive influences.
Group Spatial Preferences of Residential Locations—Simplified Method Based on Crowdsourced Spatial Data and MCDA
Authors: Jaroszewicz Joanna , Majewska Anna
Published: April 2021

Residential location preferences illustrate how the attractiveness of particular neighbourhoods is perceived and indicate what improves or lowers the comfort of life in a city according to its residents. This research analyses the residential preferences of students who were asked to indicate their most preferred residential locations and to define their selection criteria. The study was conducted in two phases: in 2019, before the outbreak of the pandemic, and in 2020 during the second wave of the COVID-19 outbreak. The methodology of spatial multi-criteria analyses and the developed simplified approach to determining collective preferences from crowdsourced data FCPR (first criteria partial ranking) were used to analyse the preferences. The following research questions were asked: (1) whether the developed simplified FCPR methodology would provide results similar to the methods currently used to determine group weightings of criteria; (2) what spatial aspects were important for the students when choosing where to live, and (3) whether these aspects change in the face of the pandemic. The results obtained confirmed the effectiveness of the simplified approach. They indicated a significant relationship between an efficient public transport system and residence preferences, even with prolonged distance learning. They also showed the increased importance of location close to family or friends in the face of the pandemic. Only a combined analysis of the preferences expressed both in the form of a ranking of criteria and directly indicated locations provides complete information.
CROSYMED Project: Enhancing Nutrient Use Efficiency through Legumes in Agroecosystems of the Mediterranean Basin
Authors: Lazali Mohamed , Boudsocq Simon , Taschen Elisa , Farissi Mohamed , Hamdi Wissem , Ralli Parthenopi , Sentenac Hervé
Published: April 2021

Modern intensive agricultural systems generally focus on the productivity of monocultures. They are characterized by a low diversity of crops, with uniform and symmetrical planting layouts. They largely rely on the utilization of chemical inputs. They are widely denounced for their negative environmental impacts. In this context, the ecological intensification framework proposes the exploitation of biodiversity in order to better achieve such ecosystem services and soil conservation. Intercropping, i.e., the simultaneous growth of two or more crops mixed in the same field, appears to have the potentialities to improve the productivity, resilience capacity, and ecological sustainability of agroecosystems through the intensification of such positive interactions between plants as facilitation and niche complementarity. Cereal–legume intercropping turns out to be effective in low-N agroecosystems, since legumes have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen via their symbiosis with rhizobia. This fixed N, in turn, benefits the cereal through various ecological processes. The objective of the project is to improve the benefit of legumes for intercropped cereals in low-input agroecosystems through the management of plant–plant and plant–microbe interactions. The nitrogen-fixing symbiosis requires phosphorus and iron to be efficient. While these nutrients are prone to be lacking in N-limited agroecosystems, as is the case in Mediterranean agroecosystems, plant–plant interactions and rhizobacteria and mycorrhiza interactions seem to play an important role in their acquisition and efficient utilization. We propose the development of a participatory research project in four Mediterranean agroecosystems. Agronomic and environmental diagnosis will be performed in the field to assess N and P biogeochemical cycles, as well as Fe availability, in combination with the plant performances and the diversity of soil microorganisms. Molecular identification of soil microorganisms from the most productive sites will be done and research of genes for tolerance to Fe- and P-deficiencies will be realized. Glasshouse experiments involving various cultivars of cereals and legumes, as well as the previously identified microorganisms, will be done in order to disentangle the various mechanisms of nutrient acquisition, sharing, and transfer between plants. Other experiments will assess the effects of cereal–legume–microbe interactions on the development and architecture of the plant root systems and root hair development. The lines of research are integrated with a strategy of functional ecology on plant–microbe–soil interactions in the agroecosystems of Gabès (Tunisia), Boumedfaa (Algeria), Beni Mellal (Morocco), and Thessaloniki (Greece). Using multidisciplinary and innovative approaches, the program will provide novel knowledge and understanding of agroecosystem management for food production.
Change from Within: Exploring Transformative Literacy in Public Administrations to Foster Sustainability Transitions
Authors: Jacob Klaus , Paulick-Thiel Caroline , Teebken Julia , Veit Sylvia , Singer-Brodowski Mandy
Published: April 2021

Public administrations are designed towards efficient and effective problem solving. A division of work along the various issues of public policy-making is constitutive for most administrations. With the recent demands to develop comprehensive transformative environmental policies, new tasks and requirements arise, both for individual officers as well as administrative organizations. Two central questions emerge in this context: How do officers and public policy administrations cope with transformation processes and what competencies are needed for shaping transformations? Based on a comprehensive literature review on policies for transformation, organizational learning, and education for sustainable development, we present a concept for transformative literacy. We explored how this concept resonates with officers from the Ministry for the Environment and from the Environmental Protection Agency in Germany. To this end, we conducted 17 qualitative interviews with officers from various departments and levels of hierarchy. The analysis reveals four different types of actors with distinct perspectives regarding their own role and theories of societal and political change. We conclude that a collaborative mode among these types of actors to address the challenges of shaping transformations to sustainability can mobilize additional capacities by making use of their complementary skills and resources. The article suggests that this should be reflected in organizational reforms and in training programs for political administration.
The Relationship between Responsible Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Freire Carla , Gonçalves Joana
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore the mediating role of the perception of social responsibility, and organizational identification, in the relationship between responsible leadership and organizational citizenship behavior in the hospitality industry. A questionnaire was answered by 214 frontline employees of four and five-star hotels, in the north of Portugal. Results indicate that there is a mediation model, which uses the effect of the perception of social responsibility and organizational identification in the relationship between responsible leadership and organizational citizenship behaviors. This study is a first attempt to propose a parallel multiple mediator model that explores the effect of hotel frontline employees’ perceptions of the importance of social responsibility, as well as the effect of employees’ identification with the organization, both of which act as mediators in the relationship between responsible leadership and OCB in the hospitality industry.
Transport Poverty in Chinese Cities: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Kong Weichang , Pojani Dorina , Sipe Neil , Stead Dominic
Published: April 2021

The widening income gap in post-reform China has given rise to social inequality. Among those, transport poverty and inequality have significantly affected the daily life of low-income groups. While important, this is an under-researched topic in China. This gap in the academic literature is glaring given the country’s urbanization rates, sprawling cities and income differentials. Most previous studies have only focused on two aspects of transport poverty—job-housing imbalance and accessibility. A comprehensive understanding of the causes and impacts of transport inequality is currently lacking. Therefore, a systematic review of academic literature based on keywords relevant to transport poverty in China was conducted to provide a more complete assessment of the situation in Chinese cities. In total, 62 relevant studies were identified after close examination of the articles (including titles, abstracts, and full-texts). This set of articles allowed a number of general patterns to be identified. It was found that the most common causes of transport poverty include: a lack of access to private vehicles; uneven access to alternative transport options; inadequate public transport provision; jobs-housing imbalance; and the hukou system (a system of household registration which aims to regulate population distribution and rural-to-urban migration). The main impacts of transport poverty include: curtailed mobility and longer travel times; higher household expenditures on travel; reduced access to jobs and essential services; higher household expenditures on travel; and health and environmental issues.
A Techno-Economic Feasibility Analysis of Mono-Si and Poly-Si Photovoltaic Systems in the Rooftop Area of Commercial Building under the Feed-In Tariff Scheme
Authors: Shi Ke , Li Chuangyi , Koo Choongwan
Published: April 2021

Hong Kong’s government has recently introduced the feed-in tariff scheme to promote the photovoltaic (PV) system as a promising way to address global warming. The feed-in tariff scheme depends on the type of the PV system and its installed capacity. This study aimed to investigate the techno-economic feasibility of mono-Si and poly-Si PV systems in the rooftop area of a commercial building, Pao Yue-Kong Library of Hong Kong, under the feed-in tariff scheme. The analysis was carried out in two phases: (i) technical analysis of the rooftop PV systems by considering the shading effect and solar radiation and (ii) economic feasibility of the rooftop PV systems under the feed-in tariff scheme from the life cycle perspective. The main findings of the case study can be summarized: (i) the rooftop area of the target building would not be significantly affected by surrounding buildings; (ii) the highest amount of solar radiation was estimated at 136.96 kWh/m2 in October, while the lowest value was 55.64 kWh/m2 in February; (iii) the total amount of module energy yield from the mono-Si PV system was estimated at 917.58 kWh/kW, indicating that it was very similar but a little bit lower (i.e., 0.48%) than that for the poly-Si PV system (i.e., 921.98 kWh/kW); and (iv) payback periods for mono-Si and poly-Si PV systems were estimated at 8.67 and 8.31 years, respectively. The feasibility study can contribute to providing facility managers with a practical guideline to determine the appropriate strategy in implementing the PV systems in buildings under the feed-in tariff scheme.
Impact of Board Gender Diversity on Corporate Social Responsibility and Irresponsibility: Empirical Evidence from France
Authors: Boukattaya Sonia , Omri Abdelwahed
Published: April 2021

While prior studies have investigated the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on corporate social responsibility (CSR) commitment, researchers have scantly studied the potentially important relationship between board gender diversity and corporate social responsibility and irresponsibilityseparately. Drawing on the social role theory and feminist ethics, we hypothesizethat board gender diversity is positively associated with CSR and negatively associated with corporate social irresponsibility (CSI).Here, we relied on a sample of French non-financial companies listed on the SBF 120 index between 2011 and 2016. Our results provide evidence on the positive impact of board gender diversity on CSR and the negative one on CSI. We show that women have a stronger impact on reducing CSI than on enhancing CSR. Our findings were robust to the different estimation methods.
Tropism of Sub-Axial Cervical Facet Joints Is Not Related to Segmental Movement during Active Movement or Therapist-Perceived Symptomatic Locations
Authors: Tuttle Neil , Evans Kerrie , Sperotto dos Santos Rocha Clarice
Published: April 2021

Tropism, or asymmetry, of facet joints in the cervical spine has been found to be related to degenerative changes of the joints and discs. Clinicians often assume that differences in segmental mobility are related to tropism. The aims of this study were to determine the relationship between asymmetry of facet joints in the sub-axial cervical spine and (1) segmental mobility and (2) spinal levels perceived by therapists to have limited mobility. Eighteen participants with idiopathic neck pain had MRIs of their cervical spine in neutral and at the end of active rotation. Angular movement and translational movement of each motion segment was calculated from 3D segmentations of the vertebrae. A plane was fitted to the facet on each side. Tropism was considered to be the difference in the orientation of the facet planes and ranged from 1 to 30° with a median of 7.7°. No relationships were found between the extent of tropism and either segmental movement or locations deemed to be symptomatic. Tropism in the sub-axial cervical spine does not appear to be related to segmental mobility in rotation or to levels deemed to be symptomatic.
Mastomys natalensis Has a Cellular Immune Response Profile Distinct from Laboratory Mice
Authors: Tang-Huau Tsing-Lee , Rosenke Kyle , Meade-White Kimberly , Carmody Aaron , Smith Brian J. , Bosio Catharine M. , Jarvis Michael A. , Feldmann Heinz
Published: April 2021

The multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis; M. natalensis) has been identified as a major reservoir for multiple human pathogens including Lassa virus (LASV), Leishmania spp., Yersinia spp., and Borrelia spp. Although M. natalensis are related to well-characterized mouse and rat species commonly used in laboratory models, there is an absence of established assays and reagents to study the host immune responses of M. natalensis. As a result, there are major limitations to our understanding of immunopathology and mechanisms of immunological pathogen control in this increasingly important rodent species. In the current study, a large panel of commercially available rodent reagents were screened to identify their cross-reactivity with M. natalensis. Using these reagents, ex vivo assays were established and optimized to evaluate lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production by M. natalensis lymphocytes. In contrast to C57BL/6J mice, lymphocytes from M. natalensis were relatively non-responsive to common stimuli such as phytohaemagglutinin P and lipopolysaccharide. However, they readily responded to concanavalin A stimulation as indicated by proliferation and cytokine production. In summary, we describe lymphoproliferative and cytokine assays demonstrating that the cellular immune responses in M. natalensis to commonly used mitogens differ from a laboratory-bred mouse strain.
Genomic Surveillance of Circulating SARS-CoV-2 in South East Italy: A One-Year Retrospective Genetic Study
Authors: Capozzi Loredana , Bianco Angelica , Del Sambro Laura , Simone Domenico , Lippolis Antonio , Notarnicola Maria , Pesole Graziano , Pace Lorenzo , Galante Domenico , Parisi Antonio
Published: April 2021

In order to provide insights into the evolutionary and epidemiological viral dynamics during the current COVID-19 pandemic in South Eastern Italy, a total of 298 genomes of SARS-CoV-2 strains collected in the Apulia and Basilicata regions, between March 2020 and January 2021, were sequenced. The genomic analysis performed on the draft genomes allowed us to assign the genetic clades and lineages of belonging to each sample and provide an overview of the main circulating viral variants. Our data showed the spread in Apulia and Basilicata of SARS-CoV-2 variants which have emerged during the second wave of infections and are being currently monitored worldwide for their increased transmission rate and their possible impact on vaccines and therapies. These results emphasize the importance of genome sequencing for the epidemiological surveillance of the new SARS-CoV-2 variants’ spread.
BK Virus and Transplantation
Authors: Prezioso Carla , Pietropaolo Valeria
Published: April 2021

As guest editors, we are pleased to present this Special Issue on BK virus (BKV) and transplantation with the intention of exploring some aspects related to BKV-associated diseases in transplant recipients, since they are still unclear [...]
“A Gem among the Rocks”—Identifying and Measuring Visual Preferences for Mountain Lakes
Authors: Schirpke Uta , Scolozzi Rocco , Tappeiner Ulrike
Published: April 2021

The high visual quality of lakes bolsters aesthetic and recreational experiences, but little is known about the specific visual preferences related to mountain lakes. This study therefore aimed at assessing people’s preferences on visual characteristics of mountain lakes using an online questionnaire. Adopting a qualitative approach, we first identified major recognised characteristics of mountain lakes, i.e., respondents indicated that mountain lakes are typically small-sized lakes with clear, cold and blue water and are embedded in a natural mountain landscape. Then, we used different picture sets related to water clarity, water colour, presence of algae, lake shore and surrounding land cover to quantify preferences. Our results indicated a clear preference for blue, clear water and the absence of algae as well as large rocks at the lake shore and forest around the lake. In particular, preferences related to visual water characteristics were highly homogeneous across socio-cultural groups and confirmed previous findings. To illustrate the applicability of our findings, we integrated our results with spatial and limnological data to quantify aesthetic values for four selected study lakes in the European Alps. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of increasing demand for nature-based experiences and the implications for decision-making.
EL DERECHO AL MATRIMONIO HOMOSEXUAL A LA LUZ DE LOS SISTEMAS INTERAMERICANO Y EUROPEO DE DERECHOS HUMANOS, Y EL DESPLAZAMIENTO DE LA DOCTRINA DEL MARGEN DE APRECIACIÓN NACIONAL EN MÉXICO
Authors: López-Sánchez Rogelio , Enríquez-Fuentes Gastón Julián
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo examina los alcances y límites que ha tenido la figura del matrimonio homosexual en el marco de los sistemas interamericano y europeo de derechos humanos en relación con el margen de apreciación nacional de sus Estados miembros, y cómo la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación mexicana (SCJN) ha adoptado una doctrina de reconocimiento pleno a esa institución civil como un Derecho Humano y desplazando dicho margen en detrimento del principio democrático. La Corte mexicana ha sido quizá el único tribunal en el mundo en obligar a todos los Estados de la Federación a reconocer por la vía jurisprudencial la institución del matrimonio de forma igualitaria (matrimonio igualitario) lo cual ha planteado una serie de consecuencias teóricas difícilmente superables, además de una distorsión del principio democrático en México.
CAMBIO ORGANIZACIONAL EN ESTACIONES DE SERVICIO: IMPLICACIONES DE LA REFORMA ENERGÉTICA
Authors: Ramírez-Méndez Graziella Guadalupe , Rodríguez-Garza Carlos Alberto , Rosas-Castro Jorge Alberto
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Analizar el proceso de adaptación al nuevo modelo de negocio permiso competencia implementada por la Reforma Energética en dos compañías gasolineras, para el reconocimiento de su capacidad de cambio, los riesgos y su resistencia al mismo. Método: Se desarrolló un estudio cualitativo con diseño fenomenológico para descubrir cómo ha sido el ajuste al cambio de modelo. Resultados: En las capacitaciones constantes que se brinda al personal, se ha permitido una integración adecuada en la forma de trabajar y brindar el servicio a los usuarios. Limitaciones: Se presentan resultados limitados al no contar con las experiencias de otras compañías que decidieron no participar en el estudio. Originalidad: Aporta una visión de cambio desde la experiencia de los actores sobre una visión de mercado. Conclusiones: la Reforma Energética dio paso a la oportunidad de competencia de las compañías, lo que provocó buscar las iniciativas de cambio que favorecieran a cada una de ellas.
Gestión de riesgos en las gerencias de seguridad industrial de la industria petrolera venezolana
Authors: Leal Rodríguez Andy
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del estudio se centró en analizar la gestión de riesgos en las gerencias de seguridad industrial de la industria petrolera venezolana. Se tipificó como una investigación descriptiva, con diseño no experimental, transeccional y de campo. La población estuvo conformada por las cuatro (4) gerencias de seguridad industrial de la industria petrolera en occidente, cuyos sujetos informantes fueron gerentes y superintendentes. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta, y el instrumento un cuestionario con 69 reactivos y una escala de frecuencias de cinco (5) opciones de respuesta. Se utilizó el juicio de expertos para la validez del mismo y el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach para su confiabilidad, cuyo valor de 0,863 demostró muy alta confiabilidad. Se aplicó como técnica para el análisis la estadística descriptiva, a través de la media aritmética (X ?). Del análisis se comprobó buena gestión dirigida a la prevención de los riesgos.
Innovation And Knowledge Flows In Healthcare Ecosystems: The Portuguese Case
Authors: Polónia Daniel Ferreira , Gradim Adriana Coutinho
Published: April 2021

Innovation has come a long way since the times it was defined just as a new idea. Nowadays, innovation activities comprise a lot more, from new products and/or services to improvements in organisational business models. The healthcare sector is no exception. This leads public authorities to increase their investment in innovation, research and development in the healthcare sector. The rising of internal and external collaborations between hospitals and other parties calls for a specific analysis on how the healthcare innovation environments behave and how knowledge flows within them are managed. This study, through the lens of the ecosystem theory, aims to study how a healthcare innovation ecosystem can be activated and knowledge flows are managed to ensure that all the parties are benefited. For that purpose, it presents a case study based on a set of three meetings of Portuguese stakeholders inserted in innovation healthcare ecosystems. With this work it was possible to observe that the healthcare innovation ecosystem can be analysed from different perspectives. The interaction with the different stakeholders allowed to identify possible partners to be involved in innovation activities (e.g.: hospitals, universities, research centres, start-ups). This paper suggests possible roles for the different parties along the innovation funnel as well as what they can do in each phase. Using a case study approach, it is possible to compare different contexts and identify best practices on the management of healthcare innovation ecosystems. Also, it becomes evident the need for more effective knowledge management to ensure that hospitals and the other parties meet their goals and play a relevant role in the ecosystem. Although this paper provides guidelines for action, it lacks implementation of the suggestions in a specific context. As such, this paper aims to serve as a basis for future research on the study of hospitals’ innovation ecosystems and underlying knowledge flows, in different contexts to achieve best practices for its effective management.
Estudiando para ser alguien en la vida: consecuencias del fracaso educativo en los jóvenes de Nauta
Authors: Bustamante Maite
Published: April 2021

En la ciudad de Nauta, la carrera profesional es percibida como el único medio a disposición de los jóvenes para acceder a una vida significativa. En un contexto de precariedad y discriminación, donde las estrategias de vida de las generaciones pasadas se consideran insostenibles; la educación superior ofrece la esperanza de acceder a nuevas alternativas. No obstante, por falta de recursos, la mayoría no logra acceder a esta meta. El fracaso enfrenta a los jóvenes a una serie de dilemas, presiones familiares y desilusiones personales ante las cuales algunos toman la decisión de suicidarse. En este artículo se analizan los discursos en torno a la educación en Nauta que contribuyen a poner a los jóvenes en una situación de riesgo ante el fracaso en acceder a una educación universitaria. La información a presentar es parte de una investigación más amplia sobre suicidios de jóvenes en Nauta, para la cual se realizó un trabajo de campo de dos meses en el 2016.
impacto del nivel educativo alcanzado en el índice de calidad del empleo en el Perú, 2016
Authors: Ñiquen Lasteros Oscar
Published: April 2021

El presente estudio de investigación tiene como objetivo medir el impacto de un mayor nivel educativo alcanzado en el índice de calidad de empleo teniendo en cuenta las brechas de género, área y categoría ocupacional. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo con datos de corte transversal obtenidos de la Encuesta Nacio-nal de Hogares elaborada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI). La metodología empleada consiste en un modelo probit, ordenado para cuatro categorías del índice de empleo. Entre los principales resultados, se en-contró que en el Perú la categoría con mayor probabilidad (42%) correspondió a mala calidad de empleo y que un mayor nivel educativo alcanzado redujo en 1,9% la probabilidad de pertenecer a dicha categoría. También, se identicó que los trabajadores con educación básica tienen mayores probabilidades de tener un empleo de mala y muy mala calidad. En comparación con un trabajador con educación superior no universitaria, tienen aproximadamente tres veces menos probabilidad de pertenecer a un empleo de muy buena calidad. Otro resultado importante es que mayores niveles educativos no presentaron menores brechas en género y categoría ocupacional. Si bien la probabilidad de tener buena calidad de empleo de hombres y mujeres aumentó en cada nivel educativo, del mismo modo, incrementó la diferencia entre probabilidades. Lo mismo ocurrió entre asalariados e independientes, marco en el que los asalariados tuvieron mayor benecio al cualicarse en comparación con los independientes.
Nuevos bilingüismos y viejas categorías en la formación inicial de docentes
Authors: Zavala Virginia , Brañez Roberto
Published: April 2021

Sobre la base de una perspectiva del bilingüismo como práctica social y de recientes cuestionamientos de la lingüística aplicada a categorías vinculadas con el aprendizaje de lenguas, analizamos las limitaciones de la división entre primera lengua y segunda lengua (L1 y L2) para abordar la complejidad de bilingüismos en un programa de formación docente en educación intercultural bilingüe (EIB) en una universidad de la capital peruana. Luego de un breve marco teórico y de un análisis documental sobre cómo las políticas lingüísticas y educativas conceptualizan al sujeto bilingüe y al destinatario de la EIB, presentamos dos secciones de análisis. En la primera, abordamos los desencuentros entre la manera en que la institución de educación superior representa a los estudiantes de formación docente en EIB en relación con las lenguas que manejan y la forma como estos viven sus diferentes bilingüismos. En la segunda, mostramos tres narrativas de estudiantes relacionadas con sus trayectorias de bilingüismo a lo largo de sus vidas. En estas dos secciones, encontramos grandes diferencias entre la experiencia de los sujetos reseñados y las categorías lingüísticas e identitarias que se les impone desde el discurso institucional, y vemos cómo categorías como L1 versus L2 ya no resultan tan útiles en una realidad cambiante que se caracteriza por los flujos y movimientos culturales a través de comunidades y contextos.
Propuesta de análisis de la metodología de clases matemáticas universitarias: El modelo del conocimiento didáctico-matemático
Authors: Oviedo Millones Teresa Sofía
Published: April 2021

Esta investigación se inscribe en el campo de formación matemática y didáctica de profesores. Desde esta perspectiva, ella informa y ejemplifica la aplicación del modelo del conocimiento didáctico-matemático (CDM) en el análisis de las metodologías de clases universitarias de matemática. Este modelo está basado en las herramientas teórico-metodológicas del enfoque ontosemiótico (EOS) del conocimiento y la instrucción matemática.Este análisis adopta una perspectiva cualitativa: descriptiva e interpretativa con estudio de caso. Las fuentes de datos han sido transcripciones de las grabaciones de las clases de un docente muestra de estudio en un tema específico de matemáticas: funciones.A partir de ello, se presentan resultados parciales con respecto a la aplicación del modelo CDM, los cuales muestran algunas de las características de la metodología de clase del docente en estudio. Se evidencian aspectos deficientes del conocimiento del docente, a partir de lo cual se incentiva a la reflexión sobre los conocimientos que se requiere en la gestión de enseñanza docente.
A QUASI EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ASSERTIVENESS TRAINING ON LEVEL OF STRESS AMONG STAFF NURSES WORKING IN SELECTED HOSPITALS AT DISTRICT SANGRUR, PUNJAB.
Authors: Kaur Karamjeet , G Elango.
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION: Stress is an emotional and physical response you experience when you perceive an imbalance between demand placed on you
and your resources at a time when coping is important. Assertiveness means considered healthy behavior for all. “Assertiveness” is the appropriate
expression of rights in such a way that respect the rights of others. Assertiveness training are designed as to improve an staff nurse's assertive beliefs
and behavior, which can help the staff nurses changes how they view themselves and establish self-condence.
METHDOLOGY: The research design was quasi experimental, one group pre-test and post-test design. The sample size was 50 and simple
random sampling technique was used to select the samples in the study
RESULT:The mean of pre-interventional level of stress is 49.58 and mean of post-interventional level of stress is 39.84. The mean difference of pre
and post-interventional level of stress is 9.74. The standard deviation of pre and post-interventional level of stress is 6.86. The df is 49, and the t-test
value is 9.938, and the table value is 2.02.
CONCLUSION:The study concluded that, the level of stress during pre-intervention was high as compared to post-interventional level of stress.
Hence, assertiveness training has positive effect on level of stress among staff nurses.
FORMULATION OF 0.5%AZITHROMYCIN GEL AS LOCAL DRUG DELIVERY AGENT FOR PERIODONTAL THERAPY- INVITRO DRUG RELEASE STUDY
Authors: Kosuru Kranthi , Reddy Abhishek , Vinuthna Vinuthna , Soujanya V.Shakuntala , P Durgakeerthi.
Published: April 2021

Context: Non surgical periodontal therapy is the gold standard treatment for periodontitis. But the invasive nature of subgingival microorganisms
makes the use of antimicrobials inevitable. These antimicrobials can be used systemically and locally. Due the side effects posed by systemic
administration of antibiotics local drug delivery is more favourable. Various local drug delivery agents are commercially available for periodontal
therapy. Studies have shown that azithromycin is effective against periodontal pathogens so, it can be used in periodontitis treatment. But the use of
azithromycin as local drug delivery agent is rare.
Aims: The present study aims at formulation of 0.5% azithromycin gel as local drug delivery agent for periodontal therapy with PLGA as vehicle
and invitro drug release evaluation in articial saliva.
Settings and Design: Formulation of 0.5%azithromycin was done and articial saliva prepared. Azithromycin gel was placed in a dialysis tube.
The dialysis tube was then placed in a beaker containing 100ml of articial Saliva. A total of eight samples were collected for a period of seven days.
The amount of drug release was estimated using HPLC.
Results: The results showed that the concentration of azithromycin in samples collected was greater than the minimum inhibitory concentration of
most the periodontal pathogens.
Conclusions:The formulation of 0.5% azithromycin can be used as local drug delivery agent adjunct to scaling and root planning.
COMPARISON OF OUTCOME OF SUTURE MATERIALS POYGLACTIN 910 & POLYAMIDE MONOFILAMENT AS SUBCUTICULAR STITCHES IN CAESAREAN SECTION.
Authors: Ray Hari Charan , Nayek Himadri , Lollen Jonge , Mitra Sankar Nath , Jana Debarshi
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION:Caesarean delivery rate rose from 4.5 percent in 1970 to 32.9 percent in 2009. And then the rate has trended slightly
downward, and it was 32 percent in 2015 in the USA. More than 85 percent of these operations are performed only for four reasons- prior caesarean
delivery, dystocia, fetal jeopardy, or abnormal fetal presentation. As per the latest data (National Family Health Survey 2015-16 (NFHS-4), the
caesarean rates at population level in India seems to be 17.2%. In 1985 WHO stated: ―There is no justication for any region to have Caesarean
section rates higher than 10-15%.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:The efcacy of two suture materials polyglactin 910 (Vicryl 2.0) and polyamide monolament (Ethilon 2.0) in terms
of pain, tenderness, swelling, induration, discharge, cosmesis and wound healing, suture materials with least complications.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:This was a prospective, observational, comparative study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, in a tertiary medical college in Paschim Medinipur, for 18 months after getting approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee. 18
months; 1st April 2019 to 30th September 2020. Randomly selected term pregnant women admitted in the Department Of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital during the study period and fullling the eligibility criteria (according to inclusion and
exclusion criteria).
RESULTS AND ANALYSIS:It is clear that the parameters, pain and tenderness (p value = 0.3710), swelling and induration (p value = 1) and
wound dehiscence (p value =0) in both the groups are statistically insignicant and the other parameters are signicant in both the groups;
discomfort (p value = 0.0114) and wound dehiscence (p value = 0.0254347).
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION: Multilament sutures also induce a more intense inammatory response and contribute to larger knot volumes
than monolaments of equal sizes. Multilament sutures demonstrate enhanced capillarity with a resultant increase in the transport and spread of
microorganisms. There are multiple factors which cause surgical site complications that have not been analyzed in this study and need an additional
evaluation in further studies and there is lack of previous research studies on the same topi
Spectral-Spatial Anomaly Detection of Hyperspectral Data Based on Improved Isolation Forest
Authors: Song Xiangyu , Aryal Sunil , Ting Kai Ming , Liu zhen , He Bin
Published: April 2021

Anomaly
detection in hyperspectral image is affected by redundant bands and the limited
utilization capacity of spectral-spatial information. In this article, we
propose a novel Improved Isolation Forest (IIF) algorithm based on the
assumption that anomaly pixels are more susceptible to isolation than the
background pixels. The proposed IIF is a modified version of the Isolation Forest
(iForest) algorithm, which addresses the poor performance of iForest in detecting
local anomalies and anomaly detection in high-dimensional data. Further, we
propose a spectral-spatial anomaly detector based on IIF (SSIIFD) to make full
use of global and local information, as well as spectral and spatial
information. To be specific, first, we apply the Gabor filter to extract
spatial features, which are then employed as input to the Relative Mass Isolation Forest (ReMass-iForest) detector to obtain
the spatial anomaly score. Next, original images are divided into several
homogeneous regions via the Entropy Rate Segmentation (ERS) algorithm, and the
preprocessed images are then employed as input to the proposed IIF detector to
obtain the spectral anomaly score. Finally, we fuse the spatial and spectral anomaly scores by
combining them linearly to predict anomaly pixels. The experimental results on four real
hyperspectral data sets demonstrate that the proposed detector outperforms
other state-of-the-art methods.
Epidemiology and pathophysiology of hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with shiga toxin (literature review)
Authors: Baiko S. V.
Published: April 2021

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) associated with shiga toxin E. coli(STEC) is one of the most common causes of acute kidney injury in young children. The share of STEC-HUS among all HUS variants is up to 90%. Not all STECs are pathogenic to humans, and those that cause disease (hemorrhagic colitis, HUS) are referred to as enterohemorrhagic E. coli(EHEC). The main pathogens causing STEC-HUS include the serotype E. coliO157: H7, less often serotypes O26, O80, O103, O121, O145. EHEC exist as normal microbiota in cattle, but can also be found in goats, sheep, pigs, chickens, dogs, and rats. Infection can occur when using undercooked ground beef, unpasteurized milk, water, including tap water and from open ponds and pools, from an infected person and when visiting farms and zoos. The epidemiological history should be carefully assessed in each patient with HUS, taking into account the annual outbreaks of this disease in different regions of the world. In recent years actively discussed the issue of the transfer of shiga toxin (Stx) from the intestine to the blood and from the blood to target organs in the form of microvesicles, the wall of which is the outer shell of E.coliand blood cells. This allows Stx to escape the response of the human immune system. The article describes in detail the mechanisms of infection and expression of pathogenic genes of EHEC, the effect of Stx on endothelial cells, on expression of adhesion molecules and inflammatory chemokines, activation of the alternative complement pathway, which determine the development of HUS.
FEATURES OF THE APPLICATION OF GAME THEORY IN THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF ECONOMIC ENTITIES
Authors:   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of System Analysis in Economics, Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, ZVYAGIN L. S.
Published: April 2021

Today, there are a huge number of different tools that help reduce risks, but the problem is that they rely on classical probability theory, statistics, etc. These methods can be effective, but they do not take into account the interaction of market participants, psychological characteristics. These problems entail an increase in risks and, as a result, a drop in income and other difficulties. Often, to solve such problems, a business analyst turns to such a branch of mathematics as game theory. Game theory refers to a mathematical method that looks for optimal strategies in the course of a game, and a game refers to a situation in which there are two or more participants who are fighting to defend their interests. A special advantage of game theory is to take into account the struggle of interests of each party, this helps to better understand the current situation and find the optimal solution plan for the real processes taking place in the economy of an economic entity.
FEATURES OF SOCIALIZATION OF OLDER PEOPLE IN MODERN SOCIETY
Authors:   Applicant for a Scientific Degree of Candidate of Sciences, Deputy Head, State Environmental Budgetary Institution ", BIRYUKOV A. E. ,   Mospriroda",   , Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of socialization of older citizens in an aging society. Based on a statistical analysis, the article identifies the basic problems of socialization of the elderly in Russia, the directions of the state strategy in the context of the socio-economic crisis for the development of a system of social services for the older generation, improving their quality of life and active longevity. It was found that the most intensive socialization occurs in the process of providing social and social and medical services. It was determined that for the successful socialization of older people, the importance of services related to maintaining healthy and socially active longevity, organizing everyday life and leisure, constructive interaction with relatives is high.