bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Homozygotes for HbE and Anaemia -3 Years Study in Rajshahi
Authors: Khan MR , Shah MS Uddin , Aziz MA , Khan MMR , Rahman M Khalilur , Khanam Khadiza
Published: November 2018

HbE is the most common abnormal hemoglobin of Southeast Asia and is almost limited to this region. It is estimated that 30 million people are heterozygous for HbE and that 1 million are homozygous. Aim of this study was to know the number of homozygous for haemoglobin E condition (Hb E disease) patients among patients suspected of having hereditary haemoglobin disorders referred to the regional laboratory, in Rajshahi. From April 2009 to March 2012, anaemic patients suspected of having hereditary haemoglobin disorder (haemoglobinopathy or thalassemia) were referred to the divisional laboratory, Rajshahi for hemoglobin electrophoresis from the physicians of different areas of Rajshahi division and part of Khulna division. Patient’s age ranging from 01 to 85 yrs of both sexes. Two to three milliliter blood was collected in tubes containing EDTA for complete blood count (CBC) and analysis of hemoglobin variants. CBC was measured by the Erma PC 604 particle counter. Peripheral blood film were examined after staining with Wright’s stain.9 Hemoglobin electrophoresis was carried out on cellulose acetate using TEB buffer, pH 8.6.9. Of 707 anaemic patients suspected of having hereditary haemoglobin disorder (haemoglobinopathy or thalassemia) 333 (47%) were abnormal. Of this abnormal patients 35 (11%) revealed a thalassemia-like disorder, 53 ( 17%) patients revealed haemglobin E disease, 46 ( 14%) patients haemglobin E trait and 188 ( 57%) patients having double heterozygous (Hb E/β thalassemia) disorder. The birth incidence for homozygous babies and or Eβ thalassemia would be increases per year. Population groups with higher frequencies require screening programmes and facilities for antenatal diagnosis. Future comprehensive study are require to know the actual prevalence.

TAJ 2011; 24(1): 34-37
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patiens in Bangladeshi Population
Authors: Khan MMR , Rahman MK , Sana NK , Uddin M Rais , Khan MAL , Islam M Monir Ul , Haque M Zahirul , Basak PM , Sarker BC , Mohanta DK , Das Chinmoy Kanti
Published: November 2018

This was a hospital based study done to see the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in acute myocardial infarction patients in Bangladesh. A total of 325 acute myocardial infarction patients attending in coronary care unit Rajshahi medical college hospital were included in this study. According to modified NCEP ATP III criteria 48.5% of subjects aged ≥ 20 years had the metabolic syndrome and it was more commonly seen in women than in men (72% vs 37.4%). The metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial syndrome.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 82-84
Study of Urogenital Fistula in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital
Authors: Nahar N , Chaudhury S , Rahman M Zillur
Published: November 2018

This cross-sectional study was carried out in the gynae department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital during the year January 2005 to December 2011, where 202 patients were studied for obstetric history, previous attempt at repair, the condition of the patient, the route of repair, age, etiological factors, techniques of surgery, socio-economic conditions, as well as treatment & results. Among 202 cases, surgery was done in 136 cases (67.33%). Among them 126 were successful (92.65%) and 10 failed (9.35%). Obstetric fistula results from obstructed labour occur mostly in the first pregnancy in young women. Prevention will include education, communication, transport, health care measures and prevention of early marriage. Awareness for mandatory hospital delivery in high risk pregnancies also can reduce obstetric fistulas. With good pre-operative intra-operative and post operative care and attention to surgical details may cure these affected woman.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 91-94
Identification of Maternal Risk Factor with Preterm LBW Babies in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Uddin MB , Yasmin S , Haque M Sanaul , Hossain A , Jahan KI
Published: November 2018

This study was aimed to identify risk factors of preterm LBW babies by following a cross sectional type of comparative study. This study was conducted at inpatient department of paediatrics of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from January 2009 to December 2010. A total 150 preterm babies were included in this study. The mothers of the babies were studied to identify some selected risk factors. Maternal poor nutritional status (p<.001), low age at conception (p<.003), poor antenatal care (p<.001) and low level of education (p<.002) were found significant socio-economic risk factors. Maternal health related conditions like Antepartum haemorrhage (p<.001), Premature rupture of the membrane (p<.001), toxemia of pregnancy (p<.005), anaemia (p<.002) all were found as the significant contributors of preterm birth. This study might help to reduce the incidence of mortality and morbidity of preterm infants by providing information regarding risk factors.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 95-100
An Overview of the Isolation of Causative Agents from Wound Infection in A Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Hasan M Bulbul , Nahar S Gul , Ali M Nawshad , Khatun Mst Rokeya
Published: November 2018

Objectives : To determine the prevalence, aetiology and susceptibility profile of bacterial agents of wound infection among in- and- out patients.Methods : Wound swabs collected from 150 patients were, cultured and microbial isolates identified using standard methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done on bacterial isolates.Results : Of the 150 swabs 131 (87.4%) were culture positive for bacterial pathogens, while 19 (12.6%) were bacteriologically sterile showing an isolation rate of 87.4%. The predominant bacteria isolated from the infected wounds were Staphylococcus aureus 47 (32.4%) followed by Escherichia coli 29 (20%), Proteus species 23 (16%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci 21 (14.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 14 (10%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 11 (8%). All isolates showed high frequency of resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, cephalothin and tetracycline. The flouroquinolones were the most potent antimicrobial agents against bacterial isolates from both in - and out -patients.Conclusion : Staphylococcus aureus was the most predominant etiologic agent of wound infection among in and out patients. A generally higher resistance pattern was observed among nosocomial bacterial pathogens. Prudent use of antibiotics is recommended.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 136-141
Stress Hyperglycaemia During Acute Coronary Syndrome of Non-Diabetic Patients
Authors: Rahman Z , Rahman ASMM , Ekram ARMS , Uddin R , Rahman MK , Khan MMR , Nahar N
Published: November 2018

The risk of diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease is high among South-Asian population. In this study, our objective was to measure blood glucose level during acute coronary syndrome of previously known non-diabetic patients that will give the information about the frequency of acute hyperglycemia in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among Bangladeshi population. It is an observational cross sectional study performed in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. A total of 248 non-diabetic subjects with ACS got admitted into hospital. FBS and standard OGTT within 3 days of ACS were done. This study was done to find out glucose abnormalities among ACS patients. Out of 248 study population, 135(54.44%) had glucose abnormalities. Male was 87.10% (216). Among male, IGT (prediabetic) was 31.94% (69) and diabetic 24.54% (53). Mean age (±SD) of our study population was 51.71±11.84 years. Normal glucose tolerance (NGT) was found in 45.6% (113) cases, IGT (prediabetic) and diabetic were detected among 30.6% (76) and 23.8% (59) cases respectively. Non-diabetic Bangladeshi patients showed a high prevalence of hyperglycemia in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We should create awareness about a new risk factor- acute hyperglycemia during acute coronary syndrome and take appropriate and effective measures to reduce morbidity as well as mortality as a consequence of acute hyperglycemia during ACS with or without diabetes.TAJ 2012; 25: 30-34
Right Ventricular Myocardial Infarction : Presentation and Acute Outcomes
Authors: Huda MN , Sayeed MZ , Rahman MK , Khan MMR , Ekram ARMS
Published: November 2018

Right Ventricular Infarction (RVI) complicating inferior wall myocardial infarction (MI) is common and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We try to systematically assess the incidence, clinical presentation and in hospital outcomes of right ventricular myocardial infarction in a tertiary-care set up. This study was a descriptive, cross sectional observational series of consecutive patients with RVMI. All patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction (n=100) were enlisted. RVMI was diagnosed by ≥1mm ST elevation in lead V4R in right sided electrocardiogram. RVI occurred in 31% (n=31) of patients of acute inferior infarctions. Patients with isolated inferior myocardial infarction served as controls (n=69). Echocardiography was performed within 24 hours of admission. From both groups, 51% were qualified for thrombolysis. The incidence of hypotension (96.7%), cardiogenic shock (64.5%), bradycardia and heart block were much higher in RVI than in inferior myocardial infarction. Clinically manifest RV dysfunction (raised jugular venous pulse, hypotension and tricuspid regurgitation) and right ventricular dilatation detected by echocardiography was seen in a variable number of patients. In hospital mortality rate was significantly higher (n=13, 41.9%) in right ventricular infarction group than in inferior myocardial infarction group (n=2, 2.9%)TAJ 2012; 25: 42-46
A Large Gastric Trichobezoar in a Teenage Girl : A Case Report
Authors: Rahman M Hafizur , Islam M Saiful , Hossain ASM Zakir , Rahman M Anisur , Chowdhury M Sharif , Islam AHM Tohurul , Rahman M Khalilur
Published: November 2018

Bezoars are retained concretions of foreign materials or indigestible organic substances in the digestive tract resulting of their ingestion and accumulation, involving mainly the gastric lumen. The incidence of gastric bezoars is very low and they are of varied composition. We report a case of gastric trichobezoar in a 13- year old young girl who presented with intermittent pain in her epigastrium with dyspepsia. Her parents gave the history of intermittent ingestion of hairs since 06 years of age. The patient was relatively healthy with no history of psychiatric disorder or gastric surgery. She was investigated with ultrasound of abdomen, barium meal study and computed tomography followed by endoscopy which revealed gastric trichobezoar. The patient underwent gastrotomy which revealed a large trichobezoar confirming our radiological diagnosis. The mode of presentation and appearance on various imaging modalities like ultrasound, barium meal and computed tomography are discussed.TAJ 2012; 25: 77-80
Pancytopenia with Hyperpigmentation – Fanconi Anaemia : A Case Report
Authors: Uddin MB , Ferdous J , Jahan KI , Tarafder MH , Zaman F , Hossain A , Yeasmin S , Das HS
Published: November 2018

Fanconi Anemia (FA) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder associated with pancytopenia, spontaneous chromosomal instability and a variety of congenital anomalies. A variable phenotype and age of onset of anemia makes the diagnosis difficult in some cases. We report a case of Fanconi anemia who had triangular facies, hyperpigmentation, a few café-au-lait spots, microcephaly and short stature. Peripheral blood film showed pancytopenia, bone marrow study revealed aplasia and the patient had history of sibling (elder brother) death from same problem consistent with Fanconi anaemia.TAJ 2012; 25: 84-86
Understanding Terrorism – The Lure of Terror
Authors: Hussain AA Mamun
Published: November 2018

Abstract not availableTAJ 2013; 26: i
Comparative Effects of Iron Chelators on the Transfusion-Dependent Beta-Thalassemia Patients
Authors: Alam Muhammad Mahbub Ul , Alauddin M , Rahman M Jollilur , Akhter Rawshan , Das Chinmoy Kanti
Published: November 2018

This prospective study assessed the quality of life of patients with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia receiving three different iron chelation treatments. Patients enrolled were receiving one of the following chelation therapies: Group-I: deferoxamine (n=21), Group-II: deferasirox (n=75) and Group-III: deferoxamine in combination with deferiprone (n=39). The three groups were compared in terms of their quality of life, satisfaction and adherence to treatment, control of their health, and self-esteem through the completion of five questionnaires. A higher percentage of patients receiving deferoxamine felt that their treatment negatively influenced their body and skin appearance and limited their ability to work, attend school, and perform daily tasks (P=.0.0066). The adherence to treatment rate and self-esteem were the lowest in the deferoxamine group (P<0.05). The deferoxamine group also had the lowest physical component summary score in the SF-36 questionnaire (P=0.014). This study suggests that the quality of life of beta-thalassemia patients receiving chelation therapy is dependent on the type of iron chelation treatment they receive. The study provides insight into important factors associated with the quality of life of these patients, which are essential for developing a more suitable clinical support team and counseling in order to maximize the treatment benefits for these patients in daily clinical practice.TAJ 2013; 26: 14-19
Clinical Course and Outcome of 12 Breast TB Cases
Authors: Debi R , Sarker BC , Chowdhury S , Khan MMR , Basak PM , Das Tapash Ranjan
Published: November 2018

Breast TB is a very rare form of extrapulmonary TB. So, case reviews are also less common. 12 breast TB cases diagnosed and treated between June 2011- June 2014 in the private chamber were retrospectively reviewed. All cases were female, their mean age was 34.4 years. All were new cases and only one had pulmonary TB. Patients presented with hard, irregular breast lump (83.3%), swelling of the breast (25%), secretion from the involved breast (33.3%), breast pain (50%). Montaux test was negative in 83.3% patients and chest x-ray findings was positive only in one case. ESR was raised and FNAC showed granulomatous changes in all cases. All received Directly Observed Treatment Short Course regimen for a duration of 6 months. Segmental resection was not done. Small lump persisted in only 2 eases after treatment. From the above findings it can be said that breast TB should be considered as a differential diagnosis of breast neoplasia and it can be successfully treated by anti-TB drugs.TAJ 2013; 26: 24-26
Psychiatric Comorbidity in Droup Out from Educational Attainment Attending Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Islam MS , Mamun SMAA , Hossain AA Mamun
Published: November 2018

Background: Studies of the impact of mental disorders on educational attainment are rare. Mental disorders, those beginning in childhood or adolescence may increase the risk of early droup out from education. The latter has been shown to have adverse life-course consequences on individuals such as greater demand on social welfare entitlements.Objective: To find out socio-demographic status and psychiatric comorbidity profile of patients with education droup out.Design: Descriptive cross sectional study.Setting: All cases were selected from patients attending at Comilla Medical College hospital and Tertiary Care hospitals in Comilla City from August 2014 to April 2015.Methods: A total of 50 droup out patients aged 10 to 30 years who fullfiled the enrolment criteria included in the study. A semi structural questionnaire, DSM-5 and ICD-10 have been used as research instruments. The Frequency tables, summary tables and appropriate graphs were prepared to describe the population characteristics and study finding.Result: Total 62 participants were approach for interview. Considering inclusion and exclusion criteria finally 50 patients were selected for the study. In this study, anxiety disorders was 8%, behaviour/ impulse control disorders was 8%, mood disorders was 16%, substance use disorders was 24%, schizophrenia spectrum disorders was 12% and composite psychiatric disorders was 32%. Among droup out patient’s non- completion of primary education was 14%, non- completion of secondary education was 20%, non- completion of higher secondary education was 24%, not entry to tertiary education was 12% and non- completion of tertiary education was 30%. Among behaviour/impulse control disorders non- completion of primary education was 6%, substance use disorders non- completion of higher secondary education was 10%, mood disorder both non- completion of higher secondary education and non- completion of tertiary education were 6%. Among composite psychiatric disorders non- completion of secondary education, non- completion of higher secondary education and non- completion of tertiary education were 8%, 6% and 12% respectively. Socioeconomic status represented the homogenous result in this study. Most of the psychiatric morbidity was male (62%) and age group of 18-24 years (54%).Conclusion: Onset of mental disorder and subsequent droup out from education that was found in this study. Further multi-centered prospective and population-based studies should be desined to fint out the exact situation.TAJ 2013; 26: 38-42
Clinical Presentation and Aetiology of Myelopathy
Authors: Kundu Pijush Kumar , Amin M Pervez , Alahi M Munzur , Sarkar Mukul Kumar , Kafiluddin M , Ali M Ahmed , Yeasmin Shahida , PK Chandan Kumar , Rahman M Khalilur , Khan MMR , Ahmad Quamruddin
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Diseases of the spinal cord are called myelopathy. They are frequently devastating. They produce quadriplegia or paraplegia with sensory deficits far beyond the site of damage. Many spinal cord diseases are reversible if recognized and treated at an early stage.Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical presentation and aetiology of myelopathy among the patients attending Rajshahi Medical College Hospital with the help of history, clinical examination and investigations.Methodology: This was a cross-sectional type of descriptive study. A total 44 myelopathic patients were evaluated between January 2009 to December 2009.Result: Out of 44 patients, 33 (75%) were male and 11 (25%) were female (ratio 3:1), mean aged 35 ± 13.9 years (range 13-65 years). Among them 24 (54.5%) patients had paraparesis and 20 (45.5%) patients had quadriparesis. It was observed that majority 33 (75%) of them had compressive type and 11 (25%) patients had non-compressive type of involvement. Out of 33 compressive myelopathy, the commonest cause was cervical spondylotic myelopathy 14 (42.4%) in number. 2nd cause was Pott’s disease 8 (24.2%) in number. Syringomyelia was detected in 5 (11.4%) patients, disc herniation was in 2 (6.1%) patients, schwannoma was in 2 (6.1%) patients, lipoma was in 1 (3%) patient and 1 (3%) patient was metastasis to the vertebra. Out of 11 non-compressive myelopathy, acute transverse myelitis was detected in 9 (81.8%) patients and familial spastic paraplegia in 2 (18.2%) patients.Conclusion: All patients with myelopathy should be investigated for potentially treatable causes.TAJ 2013; 26: 48-52
Sinovenous Abnormalities in Patients of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Amin M Pervez , Kundu Pijush Kumar , Alahi M Munzur , Sarkar Mukul Kumar , Ali M Ahmed , Kafiluddin M , Rahman M Khalilur , Khan MMR , Ahmad Quamruddin
Published: November 2018

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension is a disease of unknown aetiology common in obese females and presents with headache, papilledema, raised CSF opening pressure, no abnormalities in CSF examination and no abnormality on CT scan or MRI of the Brain. Sinovenous abnormalities are commonly detected in patients of IIH by different neuroimaging techniques. But the exact role of these sinovenous abnormalities in the causation of the disease or whether they are an effect of the disease is not yet known. Nor has a ‘gold standard’ investigation been established yet for detection of the sinovenous abnormalities. This study was done to detect the presence of sinovenous abnormalities in IIH patients by performing a Magnetic Resonance Venography of the brain. All 33 patients of IIH who presented to Rajshahi Medical College Hospital during the study period from June 2009 to May 2010 were included in the study. There were 30 females and 3 males having a F:M ratio of 10:1. 91% of the patients were between 20 and 35 years of age and most of them were married housewives. 63.64% patients had history of use of oral contraceptives. Unusually 51.52% of the patients had a BMI less than 25 indicating that they were not even overweight (BMI 25 to 30). Only 6% of the patients had BMI > 30 indicating that they were obese. Headache and papilloedema were present in all patients but visual difficulties were present only in 54.54% of the patients. Abnormalities in MRV of the brain were detected in 27.27% (9/33) of the patients and transverse sinus hypoplasia was the commonest finding (88.89% - 8/9 patients). There was no statistically significant difference in the findings of MRV abnormalities between the males and females or among the patients having BMI less or more than 25TAJ 2013; 26: 53-56
A descriptive Study on Uterine Compression U-sutures to Control Postpartum Hemorrhage with fertility Preservation: A Simple and Effective Technique
Authors: Khatun Mst Rokeya , Shahela Jesmin
Published: November 2018

Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a modified U-suturing technique in effecting uterine compression in patients with atonic primary postpartum hemorrhage (PPPH), which does not respond to manual compression or drugs.Method: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients who delivered between 2013 and 2015 at Gynae & Obstetrics Department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital and who underwent uterine compression sutures for PPPH and results of a follow-up and questionnaire were evaluated and our experience with this method was reviewed.Results: Fifty two women had uterine compression U sutures for P PPH. The mean age of the patients was 24±2.2 years. The mean gestational age at delivery was 38.2±2.3 weeks, and the average estimated blood loss was 2.3±2.1 L. The mean procedure time to perform the uterine compression U sutures was 11.5±2.8 minutes. None of the 52 patients required hysterectomy.Conclusion: Uterine compression U-sutures technique is an easily and rapidly applied, effective, simple, safe & life saving method for the treatment of PPPH, thus avoiding hyterectomy and preserving potential fertility.TAJ 2013; 26: 67-73
Effect of Vitamin A on Lung Function Test in patient with Chronic Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Ali M Obaidulla Ibne , Atia Nur E , Islam Tohorul , Islam MN , Basak PM , Das CK
Published: November 2018

In chronic bronchial asthma inflammation may be accompanied by intensive air flow limitation. Endogenous oxidants produced by overactive inflammatory cells destroy airway epithelium which slough into bronchial lumen and thus aggravates asthma. When oxidant overwhelm anti-oxidants, tissue injury and disease results. It is observed that decrease level of anti-oxidants in the lungs is a feature of chronic bronchial asthma and that there is a marked decrease of these levels during acute asthmatic attacks. These observations highlight the positive correlation between anti-oxidant therapy in asthmatic patients. The study was carried out to observe the changes in lung function in patients with chronic bronchial asthma both before and after supplementation of anti-oxidant vitamin A. Pulmonary function variables such as FVE, FEV1, FEV1/FVC%and PEFR were measured by spirometer in patients with chronic bronchial asthma both before and three month after supplementation of vitamin A 10,000 I.U orally daily. The mean FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC% and PEFR following vitamin A was unchanged significantly (P<0.001) than the pre supplementation values in patients with chronic bronchial asthma. This study reveals that no improvement of pulmonary functions occur after supplementation of anti-oxidant vitamin A in chronic bronchial asthma patients.TAJ 2014; 27(1): 10-13
Factors Affecting The Survival Trend In Oesophageal Malignancy- A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Sarker MK , Sarker MM , Bhuiyan MFK , Khan MMR , Raihan ASMA
Published: November 2018

Oesophageal cancer is a gastrointestinal malignancy with insidious onset and poor prognosis. The disease predominantly affects the older age groups with pick incidence between 60 to 70 years of age. The total number of oesophageal cancer patients available for the study within the stipulated time was 43. Among them 60.47% patients were male and 39.53% patients were female, 06.98% belonged to age group 31-40, 16.28% belonged to age group 41-50, 37.21% belonged to age group 51-60, 23.25% belonged to age group 61-70 and 16.28% patients were >70 years of age. Mean age was 59.95 years ± 12.63 SD. In our study, 33.3% survived ≤3 months, 09.1% 4–6 months, 15.2 % 7–9 months, 06.1% 10–12 months, 27.2% 13–24 months and 09.1% >24 months. Among the expired patients, 09.10% got curative treatment and rest of 90.90% got palliative treatment. Those who got curative treatment 66.7% survived 13–24 months and 33.3% > 24 months. Those who got palliative treatment 36.7% survived ≤3 months, 10.0% 4–6 months, 06.7% 10–12 months and 30.0% 13–24 months. Overall median survival was 08 months, for curative treatment 18 months and for palliative treatment 07 months.TAJ 2014; 27(1): 38-43
The influence of nutritional status on complications after major intra abdominal Surgery.
Authors: Hannan MA , Ali Md Nowshad , Rahman ANM Zia Ur , Basak PM , Das CK
Published: November 2018

Background: Malnutrition is an impairment of health resulting from a deficiency or imbalance of nutrients, are associated with alteration in cellular physiology and organ function, which are of importance for the surgical patients. Protein energy malnutrition is a known clinical problem in hospital has an important role on post operative outcome so that necessary measures can be taken to improve nutritional status of these patients and improve post operative outcome. Objective: The objectives of this study are to assess the relation of nutritional status with post operative complications following major intra-abdominal surgery and to find out the complications in a malnourished patient. Method: This is prospective descriptive Study. The sample for the study constituted 100 randomly selected of major intra abdominal surgery age ≥12 yrs which was admitted the surgical word of SSMC& Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from May 2010 to October 2010 as a case of elective abdominal surgery.Result: Higher Prevelence of malnourished was found among elective surgical patient that about 48-57%. Regearding pattern of post operative complication among malnourished patent pulmonary complication 15.3% (Average 11%) Wound infection 17% (Average 12%) Brust abdomen 2.8% (Average 4.1%) Excess duration of Hospital Stay in melnutrited group than the Nutritionally Sound gorup was about 11 days.Conclusion: There is significant number of surgical patient suffering from diferent type of Nutritional imbalance. Due attention should be given to improve nutritional status of a patient before any major intrabdominal surgery.TAJ 2014; 27(2): 6-10
Experience with Ectopic Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Parveen NA , Sarker MM , Sarker MK
Published: November 2018

Ectopic pregnancy is a common life-threating condition. Diagnosis is frequently missed and should be considered in any women in the reproductive age group presenting with abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding. This prospective observational study was conducted in RMCH to determine the incidence, risk factors, clinical presentation, treatment, morbidity and mortality associated with ectopic pregnancy. A total of 50 cases of ectopic pregnancy were operated during the study period giving the incidence of ectopic pregnancy of 8.02/1000 pregnancies. The age of the patient ranged from 18-37 years, with maximum (40%) between 26-30 years age group. 36% patients had delivered one child and 24% were nulliparous. 30% patients had pelvic inflammatory disease and 22% had history of previous abortion/ MR. All patients presented with lower abdominal pain, 68% presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding and 60% had amenorrhoea. Most of the patients were diagnosed by high clinical suspicion and confirmed by USG. 96% cases ectopic pregnancy occurred in the fallopian tube and ampullary part was mainly affected. Laparotomy followed by unilateral salphingectomy was performed in majority (60%) of cases. 22% cases ipsilateral salpingectomy with tubectomy other side and 12% cases salpingostomy were performed. The recovery of majority of patients was smooth and uneventful. There was no death in this study.TAJ 2014; 27(2): 22-26
Study on Stroke among Hypertensive Patients in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Islam T , Huda MN , Hossain S , Islam MN , Huq E , Bhattachariya PM , Alam SM , Basak PM
Published: November 2018

Stroke is one of the commonest causes of death and disability in the world. Hypertension is the greatest treatable risk factor for both ischernic and hemorrhagic stroke. This study was carried out in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital to observe the incidence of stroke among hypertensive patients and to compare the occurrence of stroke among patients who were taking anti-hypertensive drugs regularly and those who were taking irregularly. Hundred stroke patients with hypertension were selected randomly. Ischemic stroke 66% and hemorrhagic stroke 34% was observed. Majority (64%) of hypertensive patient was treated irregularly and only 36% patients were treated regularly with drugs. Incidence of ischemic (66.6%) and hemorrhagic (58.8%) stroke was increased in irregularly antihypertensive treatment patients.TAJ 2014; 27(2): 30-32
Human and Inhuman Transformations in Nancy Huston's Dystopian Novel Le Club des miracles relatifs
Authors: Ireland Susan , Proulx Patrice J.
Published: November 2018

Huston's Le Club des miracles relatifs takes up familiar themes from the author's corpus and transposes them into a disturbing dystopian tale about the destruction of the Earth and the devalorization of humanity in the tar sands of Alberta. Through its combination of speculative fiction and environmental literature, Huston's hybrid text attests to the creative dynamism of her œuvre. This essay examines the diverse types of mobility present in the text, from the physical migration of characters and the transformation of the natural environment to the recurrent use of intertextual references and the dialogue between the novel and the collection of essays in Brut: la ruée vers l'or noir. In particular, it explores the representation of the mining site as a translingual, transnational space and discusses the ways in which Huston depicts the social injustice resulting from environmental destruction as a negative form of progress.
Vieillir, dit-elle: Nancy Huston's Feminist Trajectory and Writing Female Ageing
Authors: Averis Kate
Published: November 2018

This article examines Nancy Huston's writing of female ageing in light of her intellectual and personal trajectory as a feminist thinker. It identifies women's ageing as an integrative and ubiquitous phenomenon in Huston's œuvre, tracing the presence of this thematic and theoretical concern to her very first published works, and outlining its development until her most recent works, before examining a key instance of her fictional treatment of female ageing in Lignes de faille. Drawing on a literary, philosophical and sociological theoretical framework, it argues that Huston furthers feminist approaches to female senescence by inscribing women's experiences of later life not in terms of existential crisis but rather as part of the continuous process of change and transformation inherent to subjective development. The analysis aims to address pressing questions surrounding the intersections of gender and age that are at the forefront of Huston criticism and feminist studies.
Convex-Hull Algorithms: Implementation, Testing, and Experimentation
Authors: Gamby Ask Neve , Katajainen Jyrki
Published: November 2018

From a broad perspective, we study issues related to implementation, testing, and experimentation in the context of geometric algorithms. Our focus is on the effect of quality of implementation on experimental results. More concisely, we study algorithms that compute convex hulls for a multiset of points in the plane. We introduce several improvements to the implementations of the studied algorithms: plane-sweep, torch, quickhull, and throw-away. With a new set of space-efficient implementations, the experimental results—in the integer-arithmetic setting—are different from those of earlier studies. From this, we conclude that utmost care is needed when doing experiments and when trying to draw solid conclusions upon them.
A Modeling Strategy for Predicting the Properties of Paraffin Wax Actuators
Authors: Mann Arne , Bürgel Christoph , Groche Peter
Published: November 2018

In production processes, many adjustment tasks have to be carried out manually. In order to automate these activities, there is a need for cost and space efficient actuators that can provide comparatively high forces. This paper presents a novel actuator concept based on the phase change material paraffin wax. Furthermore, a numerical modelling strategy is introduced enabling the prediction of actuator properties. The model considers paraffin wax as a deformable body. The temperature-dependent volume expansion data of the paraffin wax is obtained experimentally to allow for a realistic description of the thermal-mechanical properties. The simulation is verified, using experimental data from actuators with varying paraffin wax volumes. With a maximum deviation of 6%, the simulations show a good agreement with the experiments.
Induction of Biofilm Formation in Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13884 by Several Drugs: The Possible Role of Quorum Sensing Modulation
Authors: Cadavid Elizabeth , Robledo Sara M. , Quiñones Wiston , Echeverri Fernando
Published: November 2018

Bacterial resistance is caused by several biochemical factors, the formation of biofilm being one of the main causes. This process is triggered by Quorum Sensing (QS), through the production of endogenous molecules, although other substances such as natural products can also do this. In this work, we aimed to determine whether some drugs are involved in the induction of biofilm formation in Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13884, and thus, increase bacterial resistance. For this, the effect of 22 drugs on K. pneumoniae ATCC 13884 growth was determined at sub-plasmatic concentrations; the production of autoinducer lactones was established by HPLC and with a biosensor. The induction of biofilm formation was determined through crystal violet assay at 585 nm in a microplate reader and using urethral catheters. According to the in vitro assays, some drugs were found to induce biofilm formation in K. pneumoniae ATCC 13884. The effect of acetaminophen, hydrochlorothiazide, and progesterone stood out. The first drug caused several changes in the biochemistry of K. pneumoniae ATCC 13884 related to QS: high synthesis of N-hexanoyl-homoserine lactone, increasing bacterial populations by 27% and biofilm formation by 49%, and a more gentamicin resistant biofilm. Furthermore, it increased the colonization area of urethral catheters. Hydrochlorothiazide showed the biggest increase in the induction of biofilm formation of 51%, and progesterone displayed the greatest ability to provoke bacterial mass adherence but had no effects on K. pneumoniae ATCC 13884 bacterial population growth.
Wavelength-Selective Phase-Shifting Digital Holography: Color Three-Dimensional Imaging Ability in Relation to Bit Depth of Wavelength-Multiplexed Holograms
Authors: Tahara Tatsuki , Otani Reo , Takaki Yasuhiro
Published: November 2018

The quality of reconstructed images in relation to the bit depth of holograms formed by wavelength-selective phase-shifting digital holography was investigated. Wavelength-selective phase-shifting digital holography is a technique to obtain multiwavelength three-dimensional (3D) images with a full space-bandwidth product of an image sensor from wavelength-multiplexed phase-shifted holograms and has been proposed since 2013. The bit resolution required to obtain a multiwavelength holographic image was quantitatively and experimentally evaluated, and the relationship between wavelength resolution and dynamic range of an image sensor was numerically simulated. The results indicate that two-bit resolution per wavelength is required to conduct color 3D imaging.
Experimental Study on Vortex-Induced Vibration of Risers Considering the Effects of Different Design Parameters
Authors: Wang Chunguang , Cui Yangyang , Ge Shiquan , Sun Mingyu , Jia Zhirong
Published: November 2018

Risers are an indispensable component of offshore oil and gas exploitation structures, and they are vulnerable to vortex-induced vibration (VIV). Although many studies have been conducted to investigate the VIV characteristics of risers, the effects of combination of multiple parameters and the relative significance of each parameter on the risers’ VIV characteristics have rarely been considered. In this paper, 36 experimental cases were investigated to study the risers’ VIV characteristics due to the combination of multiple parameters. The natural frequencies, response microstrains and frequencies of VIV for the risers were obtained. Meanwhile, the effect of each parameter and the relative significance of these parameters on the amplitude of VIV in risers were calculated using grey relational analysis (GRA). The results show that all the parameters considered—i.e., material property (modulus and density), end condition, top tension force and flow velocity—affect risers’ VIV response, and the grey relational grade of these parameters are: r 02 ( velocity ) > r 04 ( constraints ) > r 05 ( density ) > r 03 ( tension ) > r 01 ( modulus ) .
Investigation of Electromagnetic Angle Sensor Integrated in FR4-Based Scanning Micromirror
Authors: Wen Quan , Lei Hongjie , Yu Fan , Li Dongling , She Yin , Huang Jian , Huang Liangkun , Wen Zhiyu
Published: November 2018

This paper performs a detailed investigation on the electromagnetic angle sensor integrated in the flame retardant 4 (FR4)-based scanning micromirror. An accurate theoretical model is presented, especially considering the coupling effect between the driving and sensing coils. Experimental results agree well with the theoretical results, and show a sensitivity of 55.0 mVp/° and a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 71.9 dB. Moreover, the linearity of the angle sensor can still reach 0.9995, though it is affected slightly by the coupling effect. Finally, the sensor’s good feasibility for feedback control has been further verified through a simple closed-loop control circuit. The micromirror operated with closed-loop control possesses better long-term stability and temperature stability than that operated without closed-loop control.
Inertia Estimation of Wind Power Plants Based on the Swing Equation and Phasor Measurement Units
Authors: Beltran Omar , Peña Rafael , Segundo Juan , Esparza Aaron , Muljadi Eduard , Wenzhong David
Published: November 2018

High penetration of wind power plants may have an adverse impact on power systems’ stability by reducing the inertia, and problems like frequency stability could appear due to total inertia in the system being reduced, making the power system more vulnerable to disturbances. However, most recent grid codes include an emulation inertia requirement for wind power plants, because modern wind turbines are capable of providing virtual inertia through power electronic converter controls to improve frequency stability issues. Because of this, it is necessary that the inertia estimation analyze and quantify the impact of the inertia reduction in power systems. In this paper, an implementation of a methodology for the inertia estimation of wind power plants is presented. It is evaluated through synchrophasor measurements obtained from a Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) implementation, using industrial Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). This methodology is based on the swing equation. Furthermore, a comparison of the results obtained between two professional tools RSCAD and DIgSILENT PowerFactory is performed, in order to evaluate the accuracy and the robustness of the methodology. This methodology is applied for the inertia estimation of an equivalent of the southeast zone of the Mexican power system, where there is a large-scale penetration of wind power plants. The results demonstrate that this methodology can be applied in real power systems using PMUs.
Transfer Learning with Deep Recurrent Neural Networks for Remaining Useful Life Estimation
Authors: Zhang Ansi , Wang Honglei , Li Shaobo , Cui Yuxin , Liu Zhonghao , Yang Guanci , Hu Jianjun
Published: November 2018

Prognostics, such as remaining useful life (RUL) prediction, is a crucial task in condition-based maintenance. A major challenge in data-driven prognostics is the difficulty of obtaining a sufficient number of samples of failure progression. However, for traditional machine learning methods and deep neural networks, enough training data is a prerequisite to train good prediction models. In this work, we proposed a transfer learning algorithm based on Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) recurrent neural networks for RUL estimation, in which the models can be first trained on different but related datasets and then fine-tuned by the target dataset. Extensive experimental results show that transfer learning can in general improve the prediction models on the dataset with a small number of samples. There is one exception that when transferring from multi-type operating conditions to single operating conditions, transfer learning led to a worse result.
Deep Residual Network with Sparse Feedback for Image Restoration
Authors: Guo Zhenyu , Sun Yujuan , Jian Muwei , Zhang Xiaofeng
Published: November 2018

A deep neural network is difficult to train due to a large number of unknown parameters. To increase trainable performance, we present a moderate depth residual network for the restoration of motion blurring and noisy images. The proposed network has only 10 layers, and the sparse feedbacks are added in the middle and the last layers, which are called FbResNet. FbResNet has fast convergence speed and effective denoising performance. In addition, it can also reduce the artificial Mosaic trace at the seam of patches, and visually pleasant output results can be produced from the blurred images or noisy images. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our designed model and method.
A High Precision Capacitive Linear Displacement Sensor with Time-Grating that Provides Absolute Positioning Capability Based on a Vernier-Type Structure
Authors: Liu Xiaokang , Zhang Hui , Peng Kai , Tang Qifu , Chen Ziran
Published: November 2018

Nanometer-scale measurement devices with high accuracy and absolute long-range positioning capability are increasingly demanded in the field of computer numerical control machining. To meet this demand, the present report proposes a capacitive absolute linear displacement sensor with time-grating that employs a vernier-type structure based on a previously proposed single-row capacitive sensing structure. The novel proposed vernier-type absolute time-grating (VATG) sensor employs two capacitor rows, each with an equivalent measurement range. The first capacitor row is designed with n periods to realize fine measurement, while the second capacitor row is designed with n − 1 periods, and the phase difference between the second row and the first row is employed to obtain absolute positioning information. A prototype VATG sensor with a total measurement range of 600 mm and n = 150 is fabricated using printed circuit board manufacturing technology, and its measurement performance is evaluated experimentally. Harmonic analysis demonstrates that the measurement error mainly consists of first-harmonic error, which is mostly caused by signal crosstalk. Accordingly, an optimized prototype VATG sensor is fabricated by adding a shielding layer between the two capacitor rows and designing a differential induction structure. Experimental results demonstrate that the measurement error of the optimized prototype sensor is ±1.25 μm over the full 600 mm range and ±0.25 μm over a single 4 mm period.
Special Types of Locally Conformal Closed G2-Structures
Authors: Bazzoni Giovanni , Raffero Alberto
Published: November 2018

Motivated by known results in locally conformal symplectic geometry, we study different classes of G 2 -structures defined by a locally conformal closed 3-form. In particular, we provide a complete characterization of invariant exact locally conformal closed G 2 -structures on simply connected Lie groups, and we present examples of compact manifolds with different types of locally conformal closed G 2 -structures.
The Emerging Role of Amino Acid PET in Neuro-Oncology
Authors: Najjar Amer M. , Johnson Jason M. , Schellingerhout Dawid
Published: November 2018

Imaging plays a critical role in the management of the highly complex and widely diverse central nervous system (CNS) malignancies in providing an accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, response assessment, prognosis, and surveillance. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the primary modality for CNS disease management due to its high contrast resolution, reasonable spatial resolution, and relatively low cost and risk. However, defining tumor response to radiation treatment and chemotherapy by contrast-enhanced MRI is often difficult due to various factors that can influence contrast agent distribution and perfusion, such as edema, necrosis, vascular alterations, and inflammation, leading to pseudoprogression and pseudoresponse assessments. Amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) is emerging as the method of resolving such equivocal lesion interpretations. Amino acid radiotracers can more specifically differentiate true tumor boundaries from equivocal lesions based on their specific and active uptake by the highly metabolic cellular component of CNS tumors. These therapy-induced metabolic changes detected by amino acid PET facilitate early treatment response assessments. Integrating amino acid PET in the management of CNS malignancies to complement MRI will significantly improve early therapy response assessment, treatment planning, and clinical trial design.