bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkiye’deki Psikiyatri Hekimlerinin Adli Psikiyatri Bilgi Düzeyi Nedir? “Sizce Adli Psikiyatri Bir Yan Dal Olmalı mıdır?”
Authors: Saygılı Çağatay , Ak Sertaç , Cantürk Gürol
Published: March 2019

Purpose:Even though the Forensic Psychiatry is currently defined as a sub-specialty of psychiatry in many countries, current regulations in Turkey does not provide such structured training. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the level of the knowledge of current registered mental health physicians practicing in our country, about forensic psychiatry and determine their point of view regarding forensic psychiatry to be a sub-specialty.
Methods:The survey was distributed on March 2017 in an electronic mail group in which majority of psychiatrists as well as trainees are registered. Two hundred and seven (207) psychiatric physicians, working both in the public (State Hospital, Education and Research Hospital, University Hospital) (184 people), private hospitals (8 people) and private clinics (15 people) participated in the survey. As a means of data collection, "Demographic Information Questionnaire" and "Knowledge Level Questionnaire for Determining Knowledge Levels in Health Law of Psychiatrists" were employed which were compiled by the researchers.
Results:The average scores, ranging between 1 and 5, in the Knowledge Level Questionnaire was determined to be 3,44. While 187 (90.3%) of the physicians participating in the survey thought that "Forensic Psychiatry" should be defined as a sub-specialty, 20 (9.7%) stated that it is not necessary. When gender, the current title of the physician, the Forensic Psychiatry Rotation, and the given answers to the 8thquestion were all checked, it was seen that, as the age increases, the demand for forensic psychiatry as a sub-specialty decreases significantly.
Discussion:The average level of knowledge is unaffected by vocational experience, type ...
Muğla Adli Tıp Şube Müdürlüğü’ne Başvuran Gençlik Yaş Grubuna Ait Cinsel Saldırı Olgularının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Erbaş Melike , Kadı Gülsüm , Balcı Yasemin , Göçeoğlu Ümit Ünüvar
Published: March 2019

Objective: The objective was to determine the situation of sexual assault cases among youths, to reveal regional features and to make suggestions by evaluating the cases of youths appealed to Muğla Directorate of Forensic Medicine Council.
Material and Method:217 reports were evaluated retrospectively; belonging to the age group of 15-24 years; out of 477 sexual assault cases; that we examined between June 2012 and December 2016.
Findings: There were 244 examinations for 217 cases and 71,4% of them belongs to the age group of 15-19 years, 88,9% of them was having Turkish nationality, 91,2% was female and 8,8% was male. The cases were mostly coming from Muğla city center (23,5%) and Marmaris (20,3%). The suspected assailant was ex/new spouse-fiancé-lover for 31,8% of cases, while for 10,6% of cases the suspected assailant was from immediate acquaintances/friends and totally in 85 % of cases the assailant was someone known by the victim. In majority, the crime scene was home (55,3%). For 67,7% of case, the first examination was made in the Directorate of Forensic Medicine Council, for 30,8% of cases the examinations were made in 72 hours. In majority we were asked to write a report about victims if they were physically or psychologically health-impaired or not due to the crime (82%) according to the 102/5 and 103/6 articles of Turkish Penal Code and if the sexual assault happened or not; together with the type of sexual assault (47,5%).
Results and Conclusions: Regionally the victims of sexual assault were women in ...
Ruhsal Travmanın Edebiyat Yoluyla Aktarımı: Ömer Seyfettin ve Beyaz Lale
Authors: Özgüç Anıl , Oral Gökhan
Published: March 2019

Ömer Seyfettin (1884-1920) wrote the "White Tulip" story in 1912. As in almost all the stories of the author, the “White Tulip” carries the traces of the social and political structure of its period. The story is about the massacre of the Turkish people living in Serres after the Balkan Wars by Bulgarian Commander Radko. The Bulgarian gangs tortured and killed their Turkish villagers without discrimination between women and children and they plunder their houses. They destroyed their mosques or converted them into a church. White Tulip, who is described as the most beautiful girl in Serres and named for the story, is subjected to rape attempts of Commander Radko. White Tulip commits suicide in order not to allow it. However, the victim’s suicide does not stop the Commander Radko and he rapes the dead body of the White Tulip.
The story contains certain concepts and circumstances to be evaluated within the scope of forensic sciences such as occupation, massacre, plunder, torture, rape, suicide and finally rape of a person’s dead body. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concepts and deviations of the forensic sciences in terms of the fiction of the story and the life of the writer Ömer Seyfettin and also to discuss the place of the works of Ömer Seyfettin’s children literature and transmission of psychological trauma through literature.
Sinsice İşlenen Bir Suç: Madde ile Kolaylaştırılmış Cinsel Saldırılar ve Fail Tipolojisi
Authors: Fırat Sunay , Erk Mehmet Aykut
Published: March 2019

Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault (DFSA) is a type of sexual assault which occurs when victim is vulnerable to perpetrator’s attack due to sedation and hypnotic effects of the higher amount of consumption of alcohol and/or another psychoactive drug. By its very nature of sexual assault, DFSA has to be taken carefully after the victim restores his/her consciousness.
The aim is to contribute to the Crime and Behavioral Sciences, penological interventions and rehabilitation attempts by examining how the perpetrators’ risk factors, possible mental or personality disorders in their developmental history and perpetrators’ characteristics affect the sexual offenses based on recent literature.
The perpetrator of DFSA can be a person that has any other psychopathological history. However, according to some research results perpetrator may portray different characteristics for each case. Even if the perpetrator of DFSA acknowledges the behavior of himself/herself, he/she does not give any moral reaction to alleged behavior. DFSA requires high knowledge of behavioral sciences and toxicology. Those requirements of perpetrator help him/her by making victims unconsciousness and let him/her get what he/she desires. After all the victim may or may not realize what does happen to him/her.
To sum up it is important to have a firm definition of DFSA in order to approach profoundly to those incidents. An extensive definition will be useful for the latter researches. Due to the fact that Turkey has not got any Sexual Assault Crises Center in a modern meaning, the medical, psycho-social and legal aid which victim needs cannot be given.
Study of blood pressure in relation with age, sex and BMI in school going children of age group 5-15 years in Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Sethi Rajesh Kumar , Badabagni Raghava , Pabbineedi Padmaja Sridevi , Chennupati Radhika
Published: March 2019

Background: The measurement of blood pressure is an important component of routine Pediatric physical examination. Children with higher levels of blood pressure tend to maintain higher blood pressure levels in adulthood in comparison to their peer group. The aims and objectives of this study were to define the normal pattern of blood pressure and prevalence of hypertension in urban school children between the age group of 5-15 years and to evaluate relationship of blood pressure with variables such as age, sex, height, weight and BMI in Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh.Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional observational study conducted from July 2016 to December 2018 in Department of Pediatrics, KIMS Amalapuram.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension in the present study was 3.2%. Of these 16 children 11 were males amounting to 4.41% of total number of males and 5 were females amounting to 1.99% of total number of females. The prevalence of hypertension was more in the males. It was observed that there is not much increase in mean blood pressure up to 130 cms (both in males and females) and increased significantly and gradually in children above 130 cms of height. Blood pressure increases gradually and in a proportionate manner with increase in weight and BMI.Conclusions: Blood pressure is an important vital sign which reflects the integrity of the cardiovascular system, renal, endocrinal system and other systems in the body. Blood pressure of an individual varies with age, sex, height, weight and BMI. It also has a strong correlation with family history of hypertension. Thus, concluded that hypertension has its roots in childhood and early adolescence.
Comparison of problem/case-based learning with lecture-based learning in the clinical teaching of ophthalmology
Authors: Wu Changfan , Chen Anran , Yu Yan , Zhao Haifeng , Hu Lingfei , Jin Huixiang
Published: March 2019

Background: Few researches have focused on the effectiveness of problem/case-based learning (PCBL) method in clinical teaching of ophthalmology among undergraduate students and their evaluation feedbacks to this method. Knowledge of current different approaches of teaching clinical ophthalmology might help to achieve better learning effect. So, our aim was to compare problem/case-based learning (PCBL) with lecture-based learning (LBL) in the education of medical students and investigate the student perceptions of teaching ophthalmology by the PCBL approach.Methods: Two classes of fourth-year medical students were divided into two groups by class-based randomly and were taught the ocular trauma course. A total of 76 students studied in lectures and 87 students learned in a problem/case -based learning discussion session. Five questions were designed on ocular trauma in the final examination to evaluate the effectiveness of these two teaching methods. Students with the PCBL perceptions were collected to analyse the effectiveness of the PCBL.Results: Comparing with LBL, a significantly higher overall examination score occurred in the PCBL group. Most students in the PCBL class agreed that PCBL performed better in improving their understanding of the subject materials, promoting learning motivation, and enhancing the communication skill and clinical thinking method.Conclusions: The PCBL is an effective approach to assist students in understanding the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ocular diseases. This teaching method helps students increase the motivation of improving learning and problem-handling skills.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of emergency medical care in Lima, Peru
Authors: Adler David Aaron , Goldstein Max Dean , Mai Anthony Phy , Tello Miguel Rosales , Donaldson Ross Ireland , Donaldson Ross Ireland
Published: March 2019

Background: This study gauged public need and reception for a community-based first-aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training program in Lima, Peru, to counteract predicted emergency medical service (EMS) deficits.Methods: The study population consisted of Lima households that were selected with a two-staged 30x7 cluster sampling method. An EMS and first-aid focused knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) survey was administered by a joint academic-community interview team.Results: The study included 210 households from 30 districts within Lima. Among the participants, 61.4% were unable to provide an EMS number and only 24.8% would call an ambulance in case of a family emergency. Although 37.6% could provide first-aid, 99.5% would feel more comfortable if a neighbor were first-aid trained.Conclusions: The results indicated a lack of confidence in Lima’s EMS systems and awareness of EMS contact numbers, which possibly led community members to trust each other over their local EMS. The creation of a community-based first-aid and CPR training program can potentially take advantage of strong intra-community trust, mitigate first-aid deficits, and alleviate Lima’s injury burden by providing a buffer against barriers to effective EMS responses.
Acute blood transfusion reaction in a tertiary care hospital in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Akhter Naseem , Samad Afra , Fayyaz Nudrat , Habiba Umme , Asif Maliha , Fatima Sabeen
Published: March 2019

Background: Blood transfusion is a lifesaving process but carries many risks. Majority of these had been reduced with better diagnostic and management strategies. But the risk of non-infectious adverse transfusion reactions though reduced but cannot be eliminated. Hemovigilance is the system to monitor such reactions.Methods: The objective of current study was to know the frequency of adverse transfusion reactions and to compare it with local and international data. Retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was done in Ibn-e- Sina hospital. Adverse transfusion reactions reported to blood bank was analysed according to hospital protocol.Results: Out of 6050 blood transfusions 23 (0.38%) develop adverse transfusion reactions. Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction was the commonest adverse event and whole blood was the component implicated.Conclusions: Adverse transfusion reactions are non-infectious complications of blood transfusion which in spite of all efforts cannot be avoided. Frequency of adverse transfusion reactions in our study was 0.38% and Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction was commonest reported reaction type. Hemovigilance system is necessary to monitor, investigate and control such activities.
Profile of animal bite victims reporting to intradermal rabies vaccination centre at a tertiary care government hospital: 10 years experience
Authors: Rudresh Harish B. , Jagadeesh Bharath , Rajgopal Jahnavi
Published: March 2019

Background: Rabies is acute, progressive encephalitis caused by a lyssavirus. Over 95% of rabies deaths in humans result from virus transmission through the bites of infected dogs. To provide Post Exposure Prophylaxis to the people, Anti Rabies Clinics have been established in many places, especially at tertiary care centres. The Anti-Rabies Clinic at Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya, Karnataka state (ARC-MIMS) is one such centre, the first of its kind in Karnataka state more than ten years ago. We are presenting the clinical profile of the animal bite victims who sought treatment at our centre in the past 10 years.Methods: It was a retrospective record based study conducted at Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences with sample size of 44087 using purposive sampling from May 2018 to June 2018 and data was collected using data extraction sheet.Results: Among the 44087 animal bite victims majority i.e., 66.6% were males, most of them were in the age group of 16-60 years. Sixty percent of the animal bite victims were residing in rural areas. All the category 2 and category 3 bite victims were administered anti rabies vaccination and 15.4% of the category 3 bite victims were administered rabies immunoglobulin.Conclusions: Majority of animal bite victims were presented and treated within 1 day. The practice of giving health education periodically to the school children and making phone calls to remind follow up days which is being practiced should be promoted.
Prevalence of modifiable risk factors for non-communicable diseases in urban slum: a cross sectional study using WHO STEPS approach
Authors: Jain Swati , Jain Vikas , Jain Swapnil , Jain Shweta
Published: March 2019

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a cluster of major chronic diseases. Smoking habit, alcoholism, low quality diet intakes, physical inactivity are some of the established risk factors of the NCDs. In developing country like India the problem of lifestyle and its consequent diseases needs to be addressed vigorously by all public health care personnel. Objective of the study was to assess prevalence of modifiable risk factors using the WHO STEPS approach in urban slum.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in the field practice area of urban health training centre of the department of community medicine of PCMS and RC, Bhopal using questionnaire.Results: Highest prevalence of modifiable risk factor was inadequate diet (85.2%), followed by smokeless tobacco consumption (59.1%) and low physical activity (46.1%). Tobacco smoking (31.9%) and alcohol (22.6%) were next, followed by high blood pressure (20.1%). Prevalence of least risk factors was overweight (13.9%).Conclusions: It can be concluded from our study that the burden of risk factors for NCDs is quite high. Its prevalence even in the younger age groups is a pointer to the fact that the burden of NCDs is going to rise in near future.
Do the pregnant mothers utilize supplementary nutrition along with other antenatal services? A cross sectional study from Mangaluru, Karnataka state, India
Authors: Vishnu C. S. , Nirgude Abhay Subhashrao , Rajarathnam Annie , Navya N. , Akshaya K. M.
Published: March 2019

Background: Antenatal care services including supplementary nutrition services are the essential services for reducing maternal mortality. As per National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 4 data, 62% pregnant mothers received supplementary nutrition in Karnataka state and only 49.4% received health and nutrition education. Study was conducted to assess utilization of antenatal services with special reference to supplementary nutrition and advice on nutrition.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the mothers admitted in obstetrics and gynecology department of Yenepoya Medical College Hospital. All the 140 mothers admitted during August and September 2017 for safe confinement of pregnancy were enrolled in this study and data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire. SPSS software version 22 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics was expressed in terms of frequencies and percentages. Chi square test was used to study the factors association with utilization of antenatal services.Results: Of the 140 participants, most of them i.e. 38.6% were in 25-30 years age group. The mean age was 46 years. Only 86 mothers (61.42%) received supplementary nutrition of whom only 53 (37.85%) had consumed it. Utilization of antenatal services was 100% with respect to minimum antenatal visits, routine laboratory investigations and TT immunization. Awareness about Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) was very poor (5%). Educational status of mother was found to be associated with utilization of supplementary nutrition (p=0.026).Conclusions: Utilization of routine antenatal services was reported to be very good. Efforts should be made to improve utilization about supplementary nutrition and awareness about nutrition education.
A cross sectional study to assess the sleep hygiene among the post graduates of KIMS, Hubballi
Authors: Bathija Geeta V. , R. Sushma H.
Published: March 2019

Background: Problems related to sleep and poor sleep quality are important issues for medical students. Poor sleep quality is a stressing and worrying condition that can contribute to the risk factors of medical errors being made, adverse events and attention failure which has an impact on individual’s health, hence the objective of this study was to assess the sleep hygiene among post graduate medical students of KIMS, Hubballi.Methods: A cross sectional study consisting of 260 post graduates of all departments of 1st, 2nd and 3rd year were chosen by convenient sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire which included socio-demographic data, data to assess sleep quality by Pittsburgh sleep quality index, attention performance by EPSS scale, psychological health by self reported questionnaire 20 and data regarding factors affecting sleep. Data were entered in MS excel and analysed using SPSS software version 21.0 and suitable statistical tests were applied.Results: Our study included 122 male and 138 female post graduates, it was found that sleep quality was better among males. Excessive daytime sleepiness indicating sleep loss, was assessed by using EPSS questionnaire, which showed that in our study that 63.1% have normal attention performance. Score >17 on EPSS was 4.2% which shows that it has a negative impact on sleep hygiene.Conclusions: Poor sleep hygiene may be associated with poor sleep quality and excessive day time sleepiness. Stress and regular exercise were highly associated with sleep quality, the junior post graduates have significantly poor sleep quality than the senior post graduates.
A study on anxiety disorder among college students with internet addiction
Authors: Kandasamy Sunitha , Buhari Abdulrahuman Mohamed , Janaki Shyamala
Published: March 2019

Background: The last decade has seen a tremendous growth in internet usage with 3,486,642,862 present users worldwide with India contributing 462,124,989 users. Out of this 70% are young. In this scenario there is also drastic increase in the prevalence of psychiatric illness among the same vulnerable group. A lot of studies have been conducted to bring out the association of the psychiatric disorders with internet addiction. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of internet addiction among college students and bring to light the degree of association of anxiety disorder with internet addiction.Methods: A cross sectional study is carried out in 2 arts colleges in Tirunelveli city among 200 students (aged 19-21 years) using internet addiction test by Dr. Kimberly young and anxiety rating by Hamilton anxiety scale.Results: Among the 200 students, only 22% did not have internet addiction. 52% are average on-line users, 20% are possible addicts and 6% are addicts. Among these 59.6% had mild anxiety, 22.4% moderate anxiety and 17.9% suffered severe anxiety. 56.4% had anxious mood and fear and 38.5% suffer intellectual deterioration, 30.8% had depressed mood. 33.3% had experienced muscular somatic symptoms, 23% autonomic, 14.1% gastrointestinal symptoms and 7.7% cardiovascular symptoms and 24% respiratory symptoms.Conclusions: Internet addiction is an emerging health issue among youth, if left unattended will compromise the mental and physical well being of the youth. It is also mandate that a holistic education program that is based on positive youth constructs is the need of the hour.
Evaluation of the health seeking practices among diabetics (>10 years of duration) in the field practice areas of government medical college, Amritsar
Authors: Soni Anamika , Lal Mohan , Deepti Shyam Sunder , Singh Tejbir , Kaur Jasleen
Published: March 2019

Background: Diabetes has become global issue due to premature illness and death due to its complications. Awareness about good health seeking practices are essential for prevention, early detection and management of diabetic complications. Objective of the study was to evaluate the health seeking practices among diabetics (>10 years of duration) in the field practice areas of Government Medical College, Amritsar.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural and urban areas of district, Amritsar. A total of 200 diabetic patients who had diabetes equal to or more than 10 years of duration were interviewed using pretested and predesigned questionnaire. Data such collected was analysed at p<0.05.Results: Out of total 200 diabetic respondents, 50% (100) were from urban and 50% (100) were from the rural area. In both urban and rural areas, majority were literate i.e. 80% (161) and employed i.e. 51% (103). The mean age of diabetic respondents was 58.05 years with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. The majority 82% (165) were diagnosed in the private sector and 99% (198) were on allopathic treatment. Oral hypoglycaemic agents were used by 77% (153) patients to manage their disease. 23% (45) were using both oral hypoglycaemic agents and insulin. About 48% (96) were monitoring their RBS regularly, 76% (151) were on regular treatment for diabetes and 55 (27%) were doing physical activity.Conclusions: Poor health seeking practices and less awareness about non pharmacological measures are main factors for development of complications among diabetics.
Menstrual hygiene practices of women in a rural area of Kancheepuram district, India: a cross sectional study
Authors: Grace G. Angeline , M. ArunKumar , R. Umadevi
Published: March 2019

Background: Menstruation is a normal biological function in females and in the society, the practices followed are highly variable across different regions. This study aimed to determine the practices followed during menstruation by rural women in Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu, India.Methods: This community based cross sectional study was carried out between August and October 2018. Sample size of 400 was calculated by using formula 4pq/d2 and female respondents were selected from sampled households using systematic random sampling. Data were collected using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire, which were analysed using SPSS version 16.0 and presented using descriptive and analytical statistics.Results: A total of 395 women were included in the study. About 54% of females belonged to the age group of 26-35 years and 82.5% were married. Use of sanitary pads during menstruation was reported by 28.6% of the females. Other absorbents used were disposable cloths (46.3%) and reusable cloths (25.1%). About 79% of females practiced some form of restriction during menstruation. Females aged <35 years (OR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.48-4.39) were more likely to use sanitary pad compared to older females. Females who used sanitary pad as absorbent were less likely to have symptoms of reproductive tract infections compared to those who didn’t (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28-0.94).Conclusions: Menstrual hygiene practices were found be unsatisfactory among the rural women and various restrictions during menstruation were also in practice. Women should be educated about the importance of use of sanitary pads and the harms of using cloths. Awareness also needs to be created to abolish the unnecessary restrictions that are imposed on women to be followed during menstruation.
A study on health and nutritional status of children in rural and urban ICDS projects in Karimnagar
Authors: Moluguri Anil , Gayathry Dasari , Gurnule Sachin
Published: March 2019

Background: Malnutrition is a major public health problem. It continues to be a primary cause of ill health and mortality among children in developing countries. Preschool age is an important stage of life where the nutrition plays an important role and has long lasting effects in the later years of life. Hence the objective of the present study was to assess the nutritional and health status of under-five children covered under the ICDS project.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during March 2013-February 2014 among 846 children attending the rural and urban anganwadi centers of Karimnagar ICDS project. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data and was analyzed using Epi info version 7 and valid inferences were drawn.Results: It was observed in the present study that females (53.5%) were more compared to boys (46.5%), out of the total sample surveyed. In this study 87.6% were completely immunized and 12.4% were partially immunized. According to IAP classification of malnutrition, 27.7% children were mildly malnourished, 16.5% were moderately malnourished, 3.9 % were severely malnourished and 0.9 % was very severely malnourished.Conclusions: High prevalence of malnutrition was observed among children in both urban and rural area warrants urgent attention. ICDS projects should be periodically studied to evaluate the impact of interventions. Further exploratory studies are required to find of several risk factors of malnutrition.
Depression and its predictors among geriatric population in the urban slum of Bankura town of Eastern India
Authors: Saha Rajib , Mullick Tanjib Hassan
Published: March 2019

Background: Depression is the leading cause of disease burden ranked as third worldwide and also common among elderly people. The study was conducted to find out the prevalence of depression and its correlates among geriatric slum dwellers.Methods: This community based cross-sectional, an observational analytical epidemiological study was conducted from January 2018 to April 2018 among geriatric people residing in the urban slums of Bankura town. Out of 295 slums, 30 slums were selected by cluster sampling method. From each cluster 7 geriatric people were selected by systematic random sampling method and data were collected by interview method using interviewer-administered both close and open-ended, the predesigned pretested questionnaire which included 15 items Geriatric depression scale short form (GDS-SF). To reveal the ultimate predictor variables, bivariate analysis and followed by logistic regression was done.Results: Out of 210 people 59.1% was suffering from depression. In multiple logistic regression, we found that people who were suffering from chronic illness were 10.3 times more depressed. Married people were 6 times more depressed than others and 60 to 69 years people were found 4.4 times more depressed than elder geriatrics. People who belonged to poor socio-economic status (IV+V), were found as 2.7 times more depressed. Decision maker within the family was observed more depressed 1.8 times than others.Conclusions: Chronic illness, economic insecurity due to lower socio-economic status, over-thinking of marital people for their spouse’s security and health and newer identity as ‘senior citizen’ attributed to depression among geriatrics people.
Estimation of prevalence of risk factors for coronary artery disease in a rural population in Howrah, West Bengal
Authors: Pattnayak Ujjwal , Banerjee Debdutta , Madhwani Kishore P. , Singh Jitendra Kumar
Published: March 2019

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of death globally in both developed and developing countries. Coronary artery disease which was once thought to be a disease of the urban population is now involving the rural community in an increased number. So a study of major coronary risk factors in rural communities will help to adopt various strategies particularly behavior change and communication relevant for these communities to prevent these risk factors and lower CAD related mortality and morbidity. Objective was to estimate rates of the various risk factors for CAD and identify the high-risk groups in the rural community.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried out in a rural area in the Howrah district of West Bengal. Four hundred and eighteen (418) persons (212 males and 206 females) were subjected to study using structured, pretested and predesigned schedule. Coronary artery disease risk factors were assessed. Statistical analysis was done with the help of statistical software, the SPSS 20.0 for windows.Results: The study observed that prevalence of tobacco use among the study population was the most significant risk factor (42.3%). The prevalence of other coronary risk factors ranged from 10-20%. Tobacco use, alcohol consumption and sedentary life style were significantly more amongst males. Whereas truncal obesity and systolic hypertension more among females.Conclusions: Various comprehensive strategies particularly behavior change and communication targeting these high risk population need to be emphasized to lower CAD related morbidity burden in the community.
Evaluation of the performance of a nutrition rehabilitation centre in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Panda Mayadhar , Nanda Sikata , Murmu Mangala Charan , Giri Rama Chandra , Debi Lila Lalantika
Published: March 2019

Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) places extraordinary challenges in the way of survival, growth and development of the child under five years of age. Our aim was to evaluate the functioning and performance of facility based management of SAM children admitted in the nutrition rehabilitation centre (NRC) and to identify the existing bottlenecks in the NRC.Methods: Children above 1 month and less than 5 years of age with severe acute malnutrition were included during the study period. Demographic details of the SAM children, clinical features during admission were recorded. Anthropometric measurements like MUAC, weight, height/length and WHZ scores were taken at admission and compared with the findings at discharge. Statistical analysis: the data after collection, compilation was analysed by SPSS.Results: Majority 277 (78.47%) of them belonged to rural areas. 300 (85%) SAM children were referred by medical officers. Bilateral oedema was recorded in 12 (17.9%) admitted children during 2014-2015, 22 (17.9%) children in 2015-2016 and in 37 (22.7%) children during 2016-2017. There was significant improvement in the mean weight (kg) and mean MUAC (cm) at discharge was in comparison to the weight and MUAC of the children at admission and this difference in increase in the mean weight and MUAC were found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Implementation of WHO feeding guidelines resulted in adequate weight gain of inpatient malnourished children, however the frontline workers in the community and health care providers of PHCs should be trained and given hands on training for early identification and referral of SAM cases.
The efficacy of an endoscopic endonasal approach in the repair of cerebrospinal fluid fistula: a clinical analysis
Authors: Ozer Fulya , Cagici Can Alper , Ozer Cem , Yilmazer Cuneyt
Published: March 2019

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula is an abnormal CSF leakage due to bone and/or dural defect of the skull base and usually operated with endonasal endoscopic approach. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of an endonasal endoscopic approach in the repair of CSF leakage and to find the reasons of the recurrence of endoscopic procedure.

Methods: The medical records of 24 patients that presented with the diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid fistula and who had undergone endonasal endoscopic repair surgery were reviewed retrospectively.  

Results: 13 patients (54.2%) were found to have spontaneous CSF fistulas without any history of trauma, while 11 patients (45.8%) had posttraumatic CSF fistulas. The mean body mass index (BMI) of patients was 31. 3 kg/m² (20.1-49.6). Nasal septal cartilage was used as a graft material in 19 patients (79%) while only fascia was used in 5 patients (21%). The evaluation of long-term results revealed recurrence in 4 patients (16.6%). Two of these patients required a second surgical repair.

Conclusions: An endoscopic endonasal approach is a safe method with less morbidity and a reliable outcome in the repair of CSF fistulas. The most important causative factors in the recurrence of endoscopic repair of CSF leak might be to have high BMI and not to use multilayered graft material for closure of fistula.

 
Advanced Control Techniques for Enhance the Power System Stability at OOS Condition
Authors: Eltamaly Ali M. , Mohamed Yehia Sayed , El-Sayed Abou-Hashema M. , Elghaffar Amer Nasr A.
Published: March 2019

The power system stability is the accurate operation of the electric grid by restoring balance after being subjected to an abnormal condition such as fault, line switching, load rejection, and loss of excitation. Protective equipment in high voltage substations should fast and precisely localize the faults. Some abnormal conditions in the power system such as out-of-step (OOS) condition which is not a real fault, but the protection equipment will consider it is. This misjudgment will cause the loss of synchronism between areas within the power system or between interconnected systems and will lead to blackout of the national grid. This paper studied the OOS condition, philosophy of protection relay device and how to avoid the false operation for distance function by Out of Step Blocking (OSB) by using the advanced protection relay, to improve the stability of power system. 
Cost-Effectiveness of Wound Care: A concept analysis
Authors: Al-Gharibi Koukab A. , Sharstha Sajana , Al-Faras Maria A.
Published: March 2019

This review aimed to analyse the concept of cost-effectiveness within the context of chronic wound care using Walker and Avant’s approach. The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature® (EBSCO Information Services, Ipswich, Massachusetts, USA), MEDLINE® (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA) and Nursing & Allied Health® (ProQuest LLC, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA) databases were searched using a combination of keywords. A total of 18 peer-reviewed articles were identified. In wound care, defining attributes for the concept of cost-effectiveness encompassed treatments which were both effective and economical. Four antecedents were identified, including the type of wound, care setting, type of dressing and patient-related characteristics. The consequences of cost-effective wound care were patient prognosis, quality of life, the economic burden on the patient and healthcare system and cost-savings. These findings will hopefully help to standardise cost-effectiveness terminology among nursing professionals in various healthcare settings.Keywords: Cost Effectiveness; Wounds and Injuries; Healthcare Costs; Nursing; Concept Formation.
Pharmaceutical Care in Children: Self-reported knowledge, attitudes and competency of final-year pharmacy students in Jordan
Authors: Mukattash Tareq L. , Jarab Anan S. , Abu-Farha Rana K. , Alefeishat Eman , McElnay James C.
Published: March 2019

Objectives: Pharmacists require a baseline level of knowledge in paediatric pharmaceutical care in order to be able to adequately care for paediatric patients and counsel their families. This study aimed to explore the self-reported knowledge, attitudes and competency of final-year pharmacy students in Jordan regarding paediatric pharmaceutical care. Methods: This study took place in Jordan between November 2016 and May 2017. A 28-item questionnaire was designed and administered to 400 students from all pharmacy programmes in Jordan during their final year of training. Results: A total of 354 students agreed to take part in the study (response rate: 88.5%). Most respondents (95.2%) were aware of the term ‘paediatrics’. However, almost one-third of the respondents (30.5%) reported never having taken paediatric dose calculation courses and more than half (55.6%) were unfamiliar with the term ‘off-label medicines’. Moreover, most respondents (65.1%) had low knowledge scores (≤2 out of 5) when presented with realistic paediatric case scenarios. There were no significant differences in knowledge and attitudes between undergraduate and doctoral students or between those from public or private universities (P >0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight an alarming deficiency in paediatric pharmaceutical knowledge among final-year pharmacy students in Jordan. As such, paediatric-related content should be emphasised in the pharmacy curricula of Jordanian universities so that pharmacy students receive more formalised education and more extensive training in this area.Keywords: Pharmaceutical Care; Pediatrics; Pharmacy Students; Knowledge; Attitudes; Competency-Based Education; Jordan.
Development and Validation of a Cross-Cultural Heart Failure-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire
Authors: Mohamed Nor F. , Ghazali Siti R. , Yaacob Nor A. , Rahim Aizai A. A. , Maskon Oteh
Published: March 2019

Objectives: Heart failure (HF) is a common clinical syndrome with an enormous impact on prognosis and lifestyle. Accordingly, rehabilitation measures need to be patient-specific and consider various sociocultural factors so as to improve the patient’s quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to develop and validate a HF-specific QOL (HFQOL) questionnaire within a multicultural setting. Methods: This study took place at the National Heart Institute and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, between March 2013 and March 2014. A self-administered 75-item HFQOL questionnaire was designed and administrated to 164 multi-ethnic Malaysian HF patients. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to assess the instrument’s construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were used to determine internal consistency. Results: A total of 33 out of 75 items were retained in the final tool. The HFQOL questionnaire had three common factors—psychological, physical-social and spiritual wellbeing—resulting in a cumulative percentage of total variance of 44.3%. The factor loading ranges were 0.450–0.718 for psychological wellbeing (12 items), 0.394–0.740 for physical-social wellbeing (14 items) and 0.449–0.727 for spiritual wellbeing (seven items). The overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.82, with coefficients of 0.86, 0.88 and 0.79 for the psychological, physical-social and spiritual wellbeing subdomains, respectively. Conclusion: The HFQOL questionnaire was found to be a valid and reliable measure of QOL among Malaysian HF patients from various ethnic groups. Such tools may facilitate cardiac care management planning among multi-ethnic patients with HF.Keywords: Heart Failure; Quality of Life; Culturally Competent Care; Ethnic Groups; Questionnaire Design; Reliability and Validity; Malaysia.
Design, Implementation and Testing of a Novel Prototype Orthotic Knee Joint with Two Degrees of Freedom in a Patient with Medial Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Aghajani-Fesharaki Siamak , Farahmand Farzam , Saeedi Hassan , Abdollahy Ehsan
Published: March 2019

Knee braces are a conservative treatment option for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, no commercially available orthotic knee joint currently reflects natural knee movements. A prototype orthotic knee joint with two degrees of freedom (DOF) in the sagittal and transverse planes was developed to more closely simulate the natural motion of the knee joint. The prototype was tested on a male subject with medial KOA during a sit-to-stand task. The efficacy of the transverse plane DOF was assessed by comparing the limb-orthosis interaction force when the transverse plane was locked to mimic a one-DOF setting versus when it was unlocked. Unlocking the transverse plane eliminated the 45-Newton shearing force produced with the one-DOF setting at wide angles of flexion. The two-DOF orthotic knee joint prototype demonstrated greater conformity to natural knee movements, allowing the wearer to better tolerate bracing-related difficulties. Keywords: Knee Joint; Knee Osteoarthritis; Orthotic Devices; Braces; Rotation; Movement; Materials Testing.
Hypercalcaemia: A portent of sarcoidosis in cystic fibrosis
Authors: B. Jayakrishnan , Al-Mubaihsi Saif M. , Kashoub Masoud S. , George Jojy
Published: March 2019

The coexistence of cystic fibrosis (CF) and sarcoidosis is rare. We report a 22-year-old male cystic fibrosis patient who presented multiple times to the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, in 2013. He was diagnosed with non-parathyroid-related hypercalcaemia and anterior uveitis, while computed tomography revealed mediastinal and abdominal lymphadenopathy and mild hepatosplenomegaly. These findings, in addition to the presence of calciuria and a high angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) level, confirmed a clinical diagnosis of sarcoidosis. The patient responded well to treatment with oral prednisolone which, over the course of two years, resulted in the near-complete resolution of parenchymal nodular infiltrates, regression of hilar lymphadenopathy, resolution of hypercalcaemia and the normalisation of his ACE levels. Diagnosing pulmonary sarcoidosis in CF can be challenging as most adult patients already have extensive lung disease. Physicians should be aware that hypercalcaemia may be an early manifestation of sarcoidosis in such cases.Keywords: Sarcoidosis; Cystic Fibrosis; Hypercalcemia; Case Report; Oman.
A Rhinofacial Conidiobolus coronatus Fungal Infection Presenting as an Intranasal Tumour
Authors: Deak Levente , Mudalagiriyappa Savitha , Ballin Annelyse , Saxton David , Chakrabarti Arunaloke
Published: March 2019

Conidiobolomycosis is a rare fungal infection that affects adults in tropical regions. We report a 42-year-old male patient who was referred to the Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE), in 2013 with excessive nasal bleeding and a suspected nasal tumour. He reported having briefly visited central India nine months previously. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a highly vascularised mass in the nasal cavity. However, after surgical excision, initial treatment with amphotericin B deoxycholate was unsuccessful and the disease progressed, leading to external and internal nasal deformation and necessitating further excision and facial reconstruction. Histopathological analysis of the second biopsy revealed Splendore-Hoeppli changes consistent with a fungal infection. Microbiological findings subsequently confirmed Conidiobolus coronatus. Subsequently, the patient was successfully treated with a combination of itraconazole and fluconazole. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of a case of rhinofacial conidiobolomycosis from the UAE.Keywords: Nasal Obstruction; Conidiobolus; Zygomycosis; Antifungal Agents; Case Report; United Arab Emirates.
简谈如何提高高速公路隧道止水带安装质量
Authors: 筱平 林
Published: March 2019

止水带安装施工作为隧道施工的关键工序，安装的好坏直接影响到通车后运营质量，要求施工人员对本环节高度重视。就我国目前的大多数隧道渗漏水情况来说，主要问题为止水带的安装难以完全符合现实要求，导致工程建设存在较大的工程隐患。文章主要通过分析中交隧道局重庆合长项目草坪、统景隧道止水带安装过程中的出现的质量问题，简谈如何提高相应的施工质量。
基于大数据背景计算机信息处理技术的探析
Authors: 敏 敖 , 正德 鲍 , 晨曦 李
Published: March 2019

信息飞速发展是大数据时代的重要标志，也是大数据的主导时代，依靠于大数据背景之下，衍生出于处理大数据相关的且以计算机为基础的信息处理技术。在大数据变革的过程中，具备优质的计算机处理技术以及相关网络科学技术将会成为大数据时代是否取得进一步发展的必要条件。所以，在大数据时代中，开拓相关的计算机信息处理技术是信息时代发展的重要导向。[2]本文将简单的探析依附在大数据背景之下，简单的解析和介绍相关应用的计算机信息处理技术的主要运用场景，计算机信息处理技术将面对的缺点。且需改进提出的合理建议，并且最后将简单的概述计算机信息处理技术接下来重点发展的目标及方向。
浅析计算机网络与信息安全的主要隐患及其管理措施
Authors: 宇豪 谢 , 正德 鲍 , 淇玉 王 , 晨曦 李
Published: March 2019

在现如今愈发繁盛的计算机网络世界背景下，各行各业从而得到巨大发展，但正因如此，网络与信息安全受到冲击，别有用心之人利用这些安全隐患，对个人乃至国家造成了严重损失。文章对计算机网络与信息安全中存在的主要隐患进行剖析，同时对治理计算机网络与信息安全的措施进行探讨，希望为计算机网络与信息安全的建立提供一些参考。
电子商务对企业关系营销的影响
Authors: 钰亭 封 , 正德 鲍 , 晨曦 李
Published: March 2019

近年来，信息化、数字化越来越成为社会发展的关键词，而电子商务正是信息化发展到一定程度的产物。对于我国“数字中国”，“网络强国”的建设，数字经济是与实体经济深度结合的，各大中小企业都在进行转型升级，企业的营销应当结合电子商务才有更大的市场空间，关系营销是企业发展营销的一个重要方法，整个电子商务环境又给企业关系营销提供了新发展。本文将从电子商务现状及发展，企业关系营销受到电子商务营销影响以及电子商务环境下企业关系营销对策分析，希望能对电子商务环境下的企业发展有所参考意义。
论当代大数据产生的影响
Authors: 美伶 池 , 春梅 兰 , 世明 罗
Published: March 2019

当今时代，大数据的发展十分迅速，人们的生活已经被大量的数据信息包围，大数据逐渐与生活息息相关，人们的出行，娱乐，购物，查询等都有大数据的支持。大数据的时代已经到来，我们必须以一种客观而又正确的方式迎接并接受大数据给我们带来的变化。
浅析电子商务环境下泸州农特产的发展
Authors: 丽 何 , 铷钫 张 , 晨 杨 , 晨曦 李
Published: March 2019

本文旨在研究电子商务平台下四川省泸州市地区农特产的发展前景，由于泸州好山好水地理位置的优越，针对它的优处把它放入电商平台，形成科学系统现代化的销售模式，可以进行对农特产的良好打造，推动农村特产的销售，进一步的推动农特产走出泸州推向世界。
面向接口的编程方法在软件设计中的应用
Authors: 涛 黄 , 春 赵 , 正德 鲍 , 晨曦 李
Published: March 2019

随着Java软件设计的复杂度不断的加深，系统功能开发难度的不断加大。Java项目的开发就越来越需要一种敏捷的开发方式，帮助开发者更加方便快捷的对系统进行开发，扩展和维护等工作。面向接口编程目的是把系统的业务模块通过划分上下文一一提取出来，每个业务模块通过接口来定义，由接口的实现类进行实现。从而减小了各个业务模块间的依赖关系，降低了系统的耦合度，方便了开发者对软件系统的开发、扩展与维护。
基于深度卷积神经网络的表情识别
Authors: 杨智 卢 , 正德 鲍 , 晨曦 李
Published: March 2019

机器人是否拥有智能的关键一步是能够对人类表情进行分类。在本文中提出了一种能够对人的表情进行识别的人工智能系统的设计。对三种权威的神经网络结构进行了训练，分类，评估，并对其进行了优化，再次训练，并完成各种分类任务，之后进一步优化形成性能最佳的网络。最后模型能够利用摄像头实时检测，可以实时返回用户的表情。
浅析未成年人犯罪问题及对策
Authors: 晓敏 张
Published: March 2019

未成年人犯罪有别于成年人犯罪。未成年人一般是指未满十八周岁的公民，是个体由童年步入成年成长、发展的黄金时期，当今未成年人违法犯罪已经成为世界性的严重的社会问题，被人称之为“三大公害”之一，并上升为全球学界和司法界高度关注的刑事违法问题。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视青少年和共青团工作，亲切关怀青少年健康成长。2018年5月30日，习总书记在写给陕西照金北梁红军小学学生的回信中就说到“希望你们怀着一颗感恩的心，珍惜时光，努力学习，将来做对国家、对人民、对社会有用的人。”表现出我党对未成年人的高度关爱与殷切的期望！
目的论视角下的旅游文本英译—以木格错的英译为例
Authors: 相承 李 , 珺 王 , 丽 王
Published: March 2019

自改革开放以来，我国经济发展迅速，各个方面都取得了长足发展。自国家实施西部大开发战略以来，西部地区经济也发展迅速。在这种大环境下，人们说水平显著提高，吃穿住行已不再是人们关注的重点，现在的人们越来越注重旅游文化等方面的享受。鉴于此，也有越来越多的国外游客来到我国旅游以及消费。在这种情况下，旅游景点介绍的文本翻译就显得越来越重要。好的旅游文本不仅可以吸引到外国游客，让他们产生浓厚兴趣，而且有助于旅游景点的宣传以及发展。若旅游文本质量较差，则误导外国游客，甚至破坏中国在他们心中的美好形象。

本文将以目论的翻译理论为依据，对旅游文本的翻译加以指导，这些是由旅游文本的自身属性所决定的。旅游文本作为一种应用性文本，其主要目的是用来吸引游客，而英译文本则是用于吸引外国游客。因此旅游文本的英译要以交际功能为导向，从而促进我国旅游文化事业的发展。本文将以目的论为指导，分析和研究木格错的旅游文本，采用例证法来分析解决问题。
胜利露天矿煤质管理的研究与应用
Authors: 军军 郭
Published: March 2019

针对胜利露天煤矿的煤炭资源和生产现状，为保证胜利露天矿煤质稳定，现结合露天矿现状，从技术和管理两方面出发，采用现场管理和技术手段相结合方法，实现胜利露天矿的“产—运—销”有机联动。该方法能及时发现问题，快速解决问题，达到“保煤质，促销售，带发展“的效果，从而改变传统的粗放型煤质管理办法，实现精细化煤质管理。实践证明，精细化煤质管理的方法，达到了预期效果。
煤仓监控新方法研究
Authors: 山 李 , 鑫 李
Published: March 2019

实时有效的监控煤仓的料位是煤炭企业必须面对的一个问题。本文选用新型料位计作为主要传感器，进行多点实时煤仓内表面煤高数据采集，再对所采集煤高数据进行计算机处理，模拟出实际现场的煤量分布情况，并结合煤的种类对仓内储煤情况进行实时数据监控，同时对可能出现的排空、溢出等危险情况实施预警。该系统可以直观的显示实时监测数据，实现煤仓储煤量的准确实时监测，具有实时性、方便、精度高、适应性好、抗干扰能力强等特点。