bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN INTEGRATED MULTI-OBJECTIVES OPTIMIZATION APPROACH ON MODELLING PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE STRATEGIES FOR PAVEMENT SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Ji Ankang , Xue Xiaolong , Wang Yuna , Luo Xiaowei , Zhang Minggong
Published: November 2020

Addressing the multi-dimensional challenges to promote pavement sustainability requires the development of an optimization approach by simultaneously taking into account future pavement conditions for pavement maintenance with the capability to search and determine optimal pavement maintenance strategies. Thus, this research presents an integrated approach based on the Markov chain and Particle swarm optimization algorithm which aims to consider the predicted pavement condition and optimize the pavement maintenance strategies during operation when applied in the maintenance management of a road pavement section. A case study is conducted for testing the capability of the proposed integrated approach based on two maintenance perspectives. For case 1, maintenance activities mainly occur in TM20, TM31, and TM41, with the maximum maintenance mileage reaching 88.49 miles, 50.89 miles, and 20.91 miles, respectively. For case 2, the largest annual maintenance cost in the first year is $15.16 million with four types of maintenance activities. Thereafter, the maintenance activities are performed at TM10, TM31, and TM41, respectively. The results obtained, compared with the linear program, show the integrated approach is effective and reliable for determining the maintenance strategy that can be employed to promote pavement sustainability.
Physical Nature of the Eclipsing δ Scuti Star AO Serpentis
Authors: Park Jang-Ho , Lee Jae Woo , Hong Kyeongsoo , Koo Jae-Rim , Kim Chun-Hwey
Published: November 2020

We present the absolute properties of the eclipsing binary AO Ser with a pulsating component from our BV photometric and high-resolution spectroscopic observations, which were performed between 2017 April and May. The radial velocities (RVs) for both components were measured, and the effective temperature and projected rotational velocity of the primary star were determined to be T
eff,1 = 8,820 ± 62 K and

 = 90 ± 18 km s−1, respectively, by comparing the observed spectrum with the Kurucz models. The accurate fundamental parameters of AO Ser were determined by a simultaneous analysis of the light and RV curves. The masses and radii of the primary and secondary components are M
1 = 2.55 ± 0.09 M
⊙ and R
1 = 1.64 ± 0.02 R
⊙ and M
2 = 0.49 ± 0.02 M
⊙ and R
2 = 1.38 ± 0.02 R
⊙, respectively. Multiple frequency analyses for the eclipse-subtracted light residuals were conducted. As a result, we detected two frequencies of f
1 = 21.852 days−1 and f
2 = 23.484 days−1. The evolutionary position on the HR diagram and the pulsational characteristics indicate that the primary star is a δ Sct pulsator with a radial fundamental mode. On the other hand, the relatively evolved secondary is oversized for its own mass.
Orbital Foregrounds for Ultra-short Duration Transients
Authors: Corbett Hank , Law Nicholas M. , Soto Alan Vasquez , Howard Ward S. , Glazier Amy , Gonzalez Ramses , Ratzloff Jeffrey K. , Galliher Nathan , Fors Octavi , Quimby Robert
Published: November 2020

Reflections from objects in Earth orbit can produce subsecond, star-like optical flashes similar to astrophysical transients. Reflections have historically caused false alarms for transient surveys, but the population has not been systematically studied. We report event rates for these orbital flashes using the Evryscope Fast Transient Engine, a low-latency transient detection pipeline for the Evryscopes. We select single-epoch detections likely caused by Earth satellites and model the event rate as a function of both magnitude and sky position. We measure a rate of

sky−1 hr−1, peaking at m

g
 = 13.0, for flashes morphologically degenerate with real astrophysical signals in surveys like the Evryscopes. Of these,

sky−1 hr−1 are bright enough to be visible to the naked eye in typical suburban skies with a visual limiting magnitude of V ≈ 4. These measurements place the event rate of orbital flashes orders of magnitude higher than the combined rate of public alerts from all active all-sky fast-timescale transient searches, including neutrino, gravitational-wave, gamma-ray, and radio observatories. Short-timescale orbital flashes form a dominating foreground for untriggered searches for fast transients in low-resolution, wide-angle surveys. However, events like fast radio bursts with arcminute-scale localization have a low probability (∼10−5) of coincidence with an orbital flash, allowing optical surveys to place constraints on their potential optical counterparts in single images. Upcoming satellite internet constellations, like SpaceX Starlink, are unlikely to contribute significantly to the population of orbital flashes in normal operations.
Revision of the South American genus Gaujonia Dognin (Noctuidae, Pantheinae) with descriptions of five new genera and twenty-one new species
Authors: Martinez Jose I.
Published: November 2020

The endemic Neotropical genus Gaujonia Dognin is revised. Morphological characters and a phylogenetic analysis demonstrate paraphyletic relationships among the species. Four different groups are interpreted to represent four different genera. The G. arbosi group is the only remaining clade in the genus Gaujonia, and the other groups have been arranged into three new genera: Milleranagen. nov., Oculicattusgen. nov., and Cicadoformagen. nov. Additionally, two other genera Cicadomorphusgen. nov., and Gaujopteragen. nov. were found using morphological and molecular analyses based on some specimens that were misidentified as Gaujonia spp. A total of five new genera, three new combinations (Cicadoforma vau-nigrum Hampson, comb. nov., Oculicattus renifera Hampson, comb. nov., and Millerana arbosioides Dognin, comb. nov.) and 21 new species (Cicadoforma ocelotussp. nov., Cicadomorphus chicharrasp. nov., Cicadomorphus chuyasp. nov., Cicadomorphus falkasiskasp. nov., Cicadomorphus lilianaesp. nov., Gaujonia bichusp. nov., Gaujonia chiqyaqsp. nov., Gaujonia kanakusikasp. nov., Gaujonia sourakovisp. nov., Gaujoptera amsasp. nov., Millerana austinisp. nov., Millerana cajassp. nov., Millerana cundinamarquensissp. nov., Millerana matthewsaesp. nov., Millerana tigrinasp. nov., Oculicattus bolivianasp. nov., Oculicattus brehmisp. nov., Oculicattus incasp. nov., Oculicattus raizaesp. nov., Oculicattus schmidtisp. nov., and Oculicattus uturunkusp. nov.) are established.
New records of the land and freshwater molluscs of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain)
Authors: Langeraert Ward , Brosens Dimitri
Published: November 2020

“Land and freshwater molluscs of Gran Canaria (Spain)” is an occurrence dataset containing 389 observations of 59 different taxa of land and freshwater molluscs encountered on Gran Canaria, an island central in the Canarian archipelago (Spain). Of these 59 different (sub)species, 27 are with certainty currently endemic to the island of Gran Canaria. Various sites were inspected in a period between 1988 and 2020. The dataset is published as a standardized Darwin Core Archive and includes for each observation a stable occurrence ID, scientific name, date, and location of the observation, as well as information on life stage and organism quantity. It also contains supplementary remarks on the determination and the observation itself and links to associated media. We have released this dataset to the public domain under a CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication. The aim is to contribute to the knowledge on the ecology and distribution of these species on the island, such that it may aid conservation and research of these organisms in the future.

Issues with the dataset can be reported at https://github.com/BelgianBiodiversityPlatform/landsnails-occurrences
A reassessment of the genus Oligoneuriopsis Crass, 1947 (Ephemeroptera, Oligoneuriidae, Oligoneuriellini)
Authors: Barber-James Helen M. , Zrelli Sonia , Yanai Zohar , Sartori Michel
Published: November 2020

The distinction between the two closely related genera Oligoneuriella Ulmer, 1924 and Oligoneuriopsis Crass, 1947 has been much debated. First described from South Africa, Oligoneuriopsis seemed to be a clearly defined genus. However, as the known distribution of the genus widened and knowledge on it expanded, species delimitation based on morphology became less clear due to overlap in several apparently defining morphological characters, especially in the nymphs. This work attempts to reassess Oligoneuriopsis morphology in the context of all currently known species. The type species, Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei Crass, 1947 is redescribed at the imaginal and nymphal stages and a neotype is designated. The putative nymph of Oligoneuriopsis dobbsi (Eaton, 1912) is described based on material collected around Mt Elgon (Kenya). The adults of Oligoneuriella orontensis Koch, 1980 are described for the first time and the species is transferred to the genus Oligoneuriopsis (Oligoneuriopsis orontensiscomb. nov.). Egg structure is also described for the first time for the species Oligoneuriopsis skhounate and O. orontensis. Some biogeographical considerations are also given. It is likely that more species will still be discovered, especially in Africa.
First detection of an ocellate octopus in the Revillagigedos ecoregion, a biodiversity hotspot located in the Tropical East Pacific Province
Authors: Valdez-Cibrián Alejandra , Díaz-Santana-Iturrios Mariana , Landa-Jaime Víctor , Michel-Morfín Jesús Emilio
Published: November 2020

The biodiversity of mollusks, particularly cephalopods, has not been exhaustively determined in the Revillagigedos ecoregion, which is a biodiversity hotspot for several marine groups located in the Tropical East Pacific Province. In our study, we detected and examined ocellate octopuses from Socorro and Clarion Islands, and determined their identity using morphological criteria and molecular data from two mitochondrial genes (COIII and COI). The taxon identified was Octopus oculifer, a species considered endemic to the Galapagos Archipelago. In addition, according to our analyses, O. mimus, O. hubbsorum and O. oculifer are very closely related and may represent a species complex comprised of three morphotypes. We found that the evolutionary relationships among octopuses are not determined by the presence of ocelli. This study is the first to report a clade represented by ocellate and non-ocellate species, in addition, the identity of cephalopods in the Revillagigedos was determined with analytical support.
Survey of the management of patients with bronchiectasis: a pilot investigation in Asian populations
Authors: Kim Ho Cheol , Suzuki Masaru , Lim Hui Fang , Lan Le Thi Tuyet , Nguyen Ho Lam , Wang Jeng-Shing , Lee Kang-Yun , Lee Jae Seung , Oh Yeon-Mok , Lee Sang Do , Choi Hayoung , Lee Hyun , Lee Sei Won
Published: November 2020

Background/Aims: Although international guidelines for bronchiectasis management have been published in Western countries, there is a lack of data about their application in Asian populations including patients with different phenotypes. We aimed to investigate the current status of bronchiectasis management in Asian populations.Methods: A nationwide questionnaire survey was performed of Asian respiratory specialists from South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Singapore, Vietnam, and Sri Lanka. Participants were invited by e-mail to answer a questionnaire comprising 25 questions based on international guidelines for the management of bronchiectasis.Results: A total of 221 physicians participated in the survey. About half of them were Korean (50.2%), with the next most common nationalities being Japanese (23.1%), Taiwanese (13.6%), and Singaporean (7.7%). Only 18 (8.1%) responders had local guidelines for bronchiectasis. While 85 (38.5%) responders checked sputum acid-fast bacillus smear/culture about 1 to 3 times per year, only a small proportion of responders routinely performed a serum immunoglobulin test (36/221, 16.3%) or evaluated for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (41/221, 18.6%). Less than half (43.4%) of responders performed eradication treatment in patients with drug-sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, mainly due to the limited availability of inhaled antibiotics (34.8%). In addition, 58.6% of responders considered physiotherapy such as airway clearance and pulmonary rehabilitation.Conclusions: Discrepancies might exist between guideline recommendations and practice for bronchiectasis management in Asian populations, partly due to the limited availability of treatment in each country. The development of local guidelines that consider the phenotypes and situation will help to standardize and improve the management of bronchiectasis.
Laboratory and radiological discrimination between tuberculous and malignant pleural effusions with high adenosine deaminase levels
Authors: Lee Jaehee , Park Ji Eun , Choi Sun Ha , Seo Hyewon , Lee Sang Yub , Lim Jae Kwang , Yoo Seung Soo , Lee Shin Yup , Cha Seung Ick , Park Jae Yong , Kim Chang Ho
Published: November 2020

Background/Aims: Pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels are useful in discriminating tuberculous pleural effusions (TPEs) from malignant pleural effusions (MPEs). However, some patients with MPE exhibit high-ADA levels, which may mimic TPEs. There is limited data regarding the differential diagnosis between high-ADA MPE and high-ADA TPE. This study aimed to identify the predictors for distinguishing high-ADA MPEs from high-ADA TPEs.Methods: Patients with TPE and MPE with pleural f luid ADA levels ≥ 40 IU/L were included in this study. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological data were compared between the two groups. Independent predictors and their diagnostic performance for high-ADA MPEs were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve.Results: A total of 200 patients (high-ADA MPE, n = 30, and high-ADA TPE, n = 170) were retrospectively included. In the multivariate analysis, pleural fluid ADA, pleural f luid carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and pleural nodularity were independent discriminators between high-ADA MPE and high-ADA TPE groups. Using pleural ADA level of 40 to 56 IU/L (3 points), pleural CEA level ≥ 6 ng/mL (6 points), and presence of pleural nodularity (3 points) for predicting high-ADA MPEs, a sum score ≥ 6 points yielded a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 96%, positive predictive value of 82%, negative predictive value of 98%, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.965.Conclusions: A scoring system using three parameters may be helpful in guiding the differential diagnosis between high-ADA MPEs and high-ADA TPEs.
Human kidney organoids model the tacrolimus nephrotoxicity and elucidate the role of autophagy
Authors: Kim Jin Won , Nam Sun Ah , Seo Eunjeong , Lee Jong Young , Kim Dohui , Ju Ji Hyeon , Lim Sun Woo , Kim Hong Lim , Kim Hyung Wook , Yang Chul Woo , Kim Jin , Kim Dong Sung , kim Yong Kyun
Published: November 2020

Background/Aims: Tacrolimus has been used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplantation. Despite the therapeutic benefits, tacrolimus’s use is limited due to its nephrotoxicity. To reduce tacrolimus nephrotoxicity, effective humanized experimental models may be helpful. Here, we modeled tacrolimus nephrotoxicity using kidney organoids derived from human inducible pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in vitro.Methods: Kidney organoids were differentiated from the CMC11 iPSC cell line, re-seeded in 96-well plates, and treated with tacrolimus at doses of 0, 30, or 60 μM for 24 hours. This in vitro model was compared to a mouse model of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity and the associated mechanisms were investigated.Results: The size of the kidney organoids and cell viability decreased in dose-dependent manners after treatment with tacrolimus. The number of tubular cells decreased with a loss of polarity, similar to the effects seen in mouse tacrolimus nephrotoxicity. Ultrastructural analysis showed numerous vacuoles in the proximal tubular cells of the kidney organoids treated with tacrolimus. Tacrolimus treatment induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and autophagic activity was enhanced in the kidney organoids. Rapamycin, an autophagy inducer, accelerated cell death in the kidney organoid model of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity, which was attenuated by treatment with 3-methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor. These findings indicate that the augmentation of autophagy by rapamycin treatment accelerated tacrolimus nephrotoxicity.Conclusions: Our data suggest that human kidney organoids are an effective in vitro model of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity and that autophagy plays a critical role in tacrolimus nephrotoxicity.
Perec et Balzac
Authors: Klinkert Thomas
Published: November 2020

En partant de la notion de modèle définie par Max Black en tant que « fiction heuristique », cet article compare les projets réalistes de Georges Perec et de Balzac, en montrant que ces deux projets ont plusieurs points en commun, à savoir : l’emploi de la peinture comme modèle de la représentation, le rapport contradictoire entre totalisation et atomisation, le rapport entre hasard et nécessité, la tension entre formalisation et clinamen. Ces polarités ne signalent pas une déficience mais l’affirmation de la littérature face au réel qu’elle s’apprête à saisir et à reproduire. Selon les poétiques de Balzac et de Perec, la littérature est un instrument de connaissance. La littérature réaliste crée une illusion du réel sans jamais pouvoir nier le caractère artificiel de ce stratagème. Cela explique le fait que, souvent, en parlant du réel, le texte réaliste parle de lui-même et de ses principes de construction.
La Comédie humaine comme modélisation économique du monde
Authors: Péraud Alexandre
Published: November 2020

Bien que Balzac représente un monde désormais éloigné du nôtre, il est possible de postuler un « modèle balzacien » du réel qui, notamment du point de vue économique, témoigne d’une remarquable capacité heuristique. Ainsi, dans sa représentation de l’agir économique, l’auteur part certes de l’individu, mais il questionne la rationalité économique « classique » en la confrontant aux réalités du désir et des interactions humaines. Cette combinatoire engendre des récits qui, comme Pierre Grassou , font échapper les types économiques aux simplifications de l’ homo œconomicus et dépassent les modèles comportementaux pour déboucher sur une théorie de la valeur. Fort de cette compréhension de l’homme en société, le modèle économique balzacien, loin de s’enfermer dans une observation – aussi pertinente soit-elle – du réel, se fait alors prospectif. Conforme en cela à la mimèsis aristotélicienne, il ne représente pas ce qui est, mais ce qui pourrait être, ouvrant sur une pensée du changement économique qui intrigue précisément l’économie contemporaine.
Pour une généalogie des valeurs balzaciennes
Authors: Chung Ye Young
Published: November 2020

À travers La Comédie humaine , Balzac explore la formation et le déclin des valeurs, autant au sens éthique qu’au sens économique, et révèle l’instabilité, l’arbitraire qui leur sont inhérents. L’époque de transition qu’est la première moitié du xix e  siècle lui fournit un champ approprié à cet examen. En effet, les valeurs morales de l’ancienne noblesse sont remplacées par les valeurs économiques de la bourgeoisie, dévoilant le caractère relatif et temporaire de celles-là, alors que celles-ci s’avèrent à leur tour n’être que le support sans substance des passions humaines. En mettant en relief cette généalogie des valeurs dans des romans comme Le Cabinet des Antiques , Grandeur et décadence de César Birotteau , Illusions perdues , et sans oublier néanmoins sa foi en la grandeur du génie moral ou artistique, nous voulons montrer que la perspicacité de l’auteur en fait une pierre angulaire de la réflexion contemporaine sur les valeurs.
À mille lieues de Saumur ?
Authors: Watts Andrew
Published: November 2020

En juillet et août 2014, une adaptation en deux parties d’ Eugénie Grandet a été diffusée sur BBC Radio 4. Avec un scénario de la romancière Rose Tremain et le premier rôle tenu par Sir Ian McKellen, cette pièce radiophonique comptait de nombreux talents artistiques et a connu une grande popularité, aussi bien auprès des critiques que des auditeurs. Or, après la diffusion du premier épisode, une critique de cette adaptation théâtrale s’est révélée particulièrement acerbe. Dans The Independent , Fiona Sturges déplorait le fait qu’ Eugénie Grandet fût symptomatique du déclin général du niveau artistique de la radio BBC. En s’appuyant sur une interview avec le metteur en scène d’ Eugénie Grandet , Gordon House, cet article soutient que l’adaptation radiophonique de la BBC du roman de Balzac est en fait une œuvre bien plus riche et captivante qu’une critique à ce point hostile ne voudrait le laisser croire. Loin d’être une pâle imitation de sa source canonique, la version d’ Eugénie Grandet de Rose Tremain nous invite à réfléchir à la transformation subie par l’œuvre de Balzac quand elle est adaptée dans un contexte interculturel. En recréant l’histoire pour un public radiophonique britannique, la production reconfigure et apporte un nouvel éclairage au roman, notamment en attirant l’attention sur la dimension tragique du personnage de Grandet.
D’un siècle à l’autre : Balzac et les écrivains roumains
Authors: Dupuis Danielle
Published: November 2020

Si les œuvres de Balzac furent accueillies favorablement en Roumanie dès leur parution par des lecteurs majoritairement francophones, leur impact n’a pas été moins grand sur les écrivains de ce pays dès le xix e  siècle jusqu’à nos jours. Cette étude a donc pour objet d’observer comment de grands classiques roumains ainsi que des ouvrages beaucoup plus récents ont été créés à partir du modèle établi par le roman balzacien.
L’incompréhensibilité didactique
Authors: Briggs Thomas Welles
Published: November 2020

Ce troisième article d’une série sur l’incompréhensibilité présente une lecture des Parents pauvres à l’aide d’une loupe dont Balzac a longtemps rêvé, un Esprit des lois modernes . Cette loupe nous révèle une unité de pensée – artistique, littéraire, jurisprudentielle et même sexuelle – assez surprenante. Elle nous révèle aussi le but de Balzac en écrivant plusieurs pages incompréhensibles sur l’art et le droit, y compris la grande scène culminante du Cousin Pons . Bien sûr, Balzac n’a jamais fait un Esprit nouveau. Mais tout lecteur de La Comédie humaine ne pense-t-il pas qu’il tient entre ses mains quelque chose d’encore mieux et de plus beau – l’esprit de la pensée moderne ?
L’introduction des textures dans la période de diversification alimentaire en France
Authors: Lemarchand Leslie , Canault Mélanie , Kern Sophie
Published: November 2020

Les recommandations de santé publique concernant l’ordre et l’âge d’introduction des textures au cours de la période de diversification alimentaire ne sont pas toujours précises et les connaissances sur l’application des préconisations sont peu documentées scientifiquement. La création du questionnaire « Inventaire des Conduites Alimentaires – ICA » pour lequel plus de 800 réponses ont été recueillies et analysées nous a permis de rendre compte des pratiques alimentaires mises en place dans les foyers français au stade de la diversification alimentaire. Deux résultats majeurs ressortent de cette étude. Le premier concerne les âges d’introduction (âge auquel un comportement émerge au sein de la population) et de consommation courante (âge auquel un comportement est observé chez plus de 75 % de l’échantillon) qui, en lien avec le développement des habiletés oro-motrices, varient selon les textures : les textures liquides et mixées sont introduites avant 4 mois alors que les autres textures le sont à partir de 5 mois. Par ailleurs, la chronologie suivante est observée pour les âges de consommation courante : la texture mixée est consommée par plus de 75 % des enfants à 6 mois, les liquides à 8 mois, les semi-solides à 10 mois et les solides à 14 mois. Le deuxième résultat confirme l’existence d’une fenêtre temporelle optimale pour l’introduction des aliments complémentaires qui se situerait autour de 10 mois.
Adolescence et psychosomatique, une histoire de séparation ?
Authors: Marty François
Published: November 2020

L’adolescence constitue un moment mutatif remarquable, sur le plan psychique comme au plan somatique. Dans ce court texte, je propose d’aborder ces questions cliniques qui impliquent le somatique, dans les problématiques adolescentes.
La dermatologie relationnelle
Authors: Bertolus Sylviane
Published: November 2020

C’est la présentation d’une patiente d’origine maghrébine qui consulte pour une trichotillomanie (tic d’arrachage des cheveux) dans un contexte de détresse affective et sociale, dans un centre de santé. Le travail du dermatologue psychothérapeute s’inspire de la théorie relationnelle de Sami-Ali explicitée par des citations de Sami Ali.  L’accent est mis sur le travail avec les rêves, parce qu’il est déterminant pour comprendre la demande relationnelle de la patiente, pour comprendre la valeur relationnelle du symptôme et pour créer une relation de confiance qui s’établira de façon stable, suite à une longue période « d’apprivoisement ».
Faire disparaître le visage dans le réel et le relationnel dans une greffe de visage
Authors: Ríos Ibarra Cecilia , Stubblefield Katie
Published: November 2020

Ce texte analyse le cas de Katie, une jolie fille de 18 ans, qui dans un passage à l´acte, se tire une balle dans le visage. Et son visage va disparaître. L´expérience de la perte du visage dans le réel, ainsi que sa reconstruction à travers des greffes, jusqu´à la greffe totale du visage, va être analysée grâce à la théorie du visage de Sami-Ali. La relation détermine ici le lien entre le psychique et le somatique. La relation est liée à l’affect et à l’imaginaire. Elle permet la reconnaissance de l’autre. Ici, le moment décisif sera celui où la greffe est réussie. Toute une difficulté relationnelle est abordée par la défiguration du visage de la patiente. Se reconstruire en tant que visage c’est retrouver quelque chose de familier et d’affectif dans la mesure où la relation affective de l’environnement créé une reconnaissance. Ceci est rendu possible dans une relation où on se sent en sécurité. La relation thérapeutique va apporter cela.
Effect of edge and vertex addition on Albertson and Bell indices
Authors: Delen Sadik , Naci Cangul Ismail
Published: November 2020

Topological graph indices have been of great interest in the research of several properties of chemical substances as it is possible to obtain these properties only by using mathematical calculations. The irregularity indices are the ones to determine the degree of irregularity of a graph. Albertson and Bell indices are two of them. Edge and vertex deletion and addition are important and useful methods in calculating several properties of a given graph. In this paper, the effects of adding a new edge or a new vertex to a graph on the Albertson and Bell indices are determined.
From Lean Towards Frugal Product Development
Authors: Ucler Caglar , Gupta Ravi Kumar
Published: November 2020

Frugal innovation is considered as a disruptive growth strategy for businesses that focuses on the utilization of limited resources of rural areas. Similarly, lean management targets to develop new products in accordance with the customer requirements while managing the wastage. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight a pathway to frugal product development through lean management experiences. This is particularly of interest to developing territories and rural areas due to their innate characteristics. The analysis highlighted that innovation ideas have high diffusion rates if the product configuration is properly conducted. Despite the common objectives of lean and frugal development, this chapter investigates distinguishing features and conducts a comparison of both methodologies in order to provide specific guidance for companies that follow lean management to capture the benefits of frugal product development.
STEM-Related Career Development of Immigrant and International College Students at an Historically Black University
Authors: Hammond Marie S. , Berman Amy B. , Reid Andrew M. , Oyeteju Michael O. , Kettelhake Matthew
Published: November 2020

Post-secondary education serves as a transition between secondary education and the world of work for many individuals, including visiting international students and immigrants. These latter groups are present on campuses in the U.S. bringing varying goals and beliefs. However, little research or practice could be found to address the potential career development needs of this group. This chapter explores the role of gender, academic major, and familial influences on a sample of immigrant and international students' career development (n = 125). Participants completed STEM-specific measures of career interest and commitment. Data were analyzed for differences between Immigrant and International students, genders, and institution type, finding significant differences on four career development measures. Significant differences were also found between groups on three of the six contextual factors, and on comparisons to other diverse samples.
Health Insurance and Determinants of Perceived Healthcare Service Quality in Jordan
Authors: Hammad Wajd R. , Abedrabbo Rozaleen B. , Khoury Diala Mazen , Sweis Nadia J.
Published: November 2020

This study demonstrates the determinants that affect the perception of quality of healthcare services in Jordan. A cross-sectional study was conducted in order to determine the perception of quality of healthcare services and relating variables including availability of health insurance and quality of health insurance. This study supports the findings of other studies that health insurance influences the perception of quality of healthcare services provided. However, it is also clear that Jordanians consider the availability of doctors, ability to obtain specialist care, accessibility to health services, and cooperation of healthcare workers as significant determinants when conceptualizing the quality of healthcare and its services. The amount of premium paid had a significant association, which could reflect on valuing the money they pay and expecting high-quality care in return. Being insured increases the likelihood of perceiving higher quality of healthcare.
Multiplicity in Municipal Administration and Its Implication on Urban Planning Functions in Nigeria
Authors: Daramola Oluwole , Olatunji Ayodeji , Akanmu Ademola A. , Yoade Adewale , Ojo Deborah Bunmi , Omotosho Babatunde
Published: November 2020

This study assessed the effects of multiple components of municipal administrations on the functions of urban planning agencies in Nigeria, using Osun State as the case study. It examined the profile of the professionals across the levels of planning agencies in the state, the key activity areas of the planning agencies, operational parameters of the planning agencies, and the relationship between the planning agencies. Data used for the study were sourced from questionnaire administered on the heads of all the 35 planning agencies in the state. The study revealed that the agencies experienced conflict of interest in their operations and the reason for that was mostly jurisdictional. Also, the agencies seldom related with one another. The study concluded that the structure of municipal administration in Nigerian is responsible for proliferation of planning agencies and, consequently, the duplication of planning functions in the state, nay, Nigeria. It recommended, among others, legislative reform for effective municipal administration in the state and Nigeria, as a whole.
Experiences of Partnership With Rural Community in Managing Forest Resources
Authors: Bannerji Parama
Published: November 2020

Participation is a dominant concept governing institutional planning, globally. But literature review reveals that the outcome of participation has been variable in various settings leading to a belief that there exists a gap between what is written about participation and what happens, in reality. The study adopts a case study approach and focusses on a case of community forest management and planning from the state of West Bengal, India. This state has been the cradle of a number of decentralization initiatives. Following the tenets of behavioural geography, the study tries to understand the behaviour of the stakeholders in participation in the planning process, the factors affecting it, and the nature of engagement process. The study concludes that the level of local participation not only on the willingness of the formal institutions convening participation but also on the understanding of the community of the socio-economic and political processes affecting them, accessibility to resources like information, education, government training programmes, etc.
Life Cycle Assessment of a Residential Building During Planning Stage to Forecast Its Environmental Impact
Authors: Sakhlecha Manish , Bajpai Samir , Singh Rajesh Kumar
Published: November 2020

India is a rapidly growing economy witnessing continuous growth in the housing sector and living standards. The main focus of construction practices still remains on the architectural aspects of the buildings, largely unconcerned with their environmental impacts. The current thrust of concern for building sector, especially in developing countries, is to assess the environmental impact of buildings in a quantifiable way for implementing sustainable measures and achieving sustainability. Lifecycle assessment (LCA) is a comprehensive tool that is used worldwide to assess the environmental performance of any product or a process. This paper assesses the environmental impact of a residential house at planning stage on the basis of lifecycle assessment (LCA) considering various stages of building like construction, operation (for service life) and demolition, and identifies the hot-spots in the form of building components, materials, and stages.
A case of fatal haemorrhage due to ruptured varicose veins
Authors: Rathnaweera R. H. A. I.
Published: November 2020

No abstract available
Il dibattito parlamentare sulla “procreazione medicalmente assistita”
Authors: Di Pietro Maria Luisa , Casini Marina
Published: November 2020

La Camera dei Deputati nel giugno 2002 ha approvato una proposta di legge (PDL) ora in attesa di una valutazione da parte del Senato.

In questo articolo viene ricordata dapprima l’evoluzione storica che ha portato all’attuale PDLa partire dalla IX legislatura, ci si sofferma sulle tappe principali e più significative, si tiene conto non solo dell’iter legislativo in senso stretto, ma anche del contributo della giurisprudenza, degli atti governativi, delle Commissioni ad hoc e dei movimenti operanti a livello sociale. Successivamente viene esaminato il contenuto della PDL nei suoi profili più rilevanti. Il principio dei prevalenti interessi/ diritti del concepito - che costituisce il motivo ispiratore di tutta la normativa - trova coerenti e apprezzabili applicazioni. In primo luogo viene declinato nella protezione del nuovo essere umano fin dalla fecondazione perseguendo l’obiettivo della sua destinazione alla nascita (diritto alla vita) senza che siano possibili atti manipolatori del suo patrimonio genetico (diritto alla identità genetica); secondariamente viene difeso il suo diritto alla famiglia sotto il profilo della coincidenza tra genitorialità biologica, affettiva e legale (diritto alla identità psicologica ed esistenziale).

Rimangono comunque delle riserve etiche in ordine alla dignità dell’atto procreativo, all’insufficiente tutela del diritto del nascituro ad una famiglia fondata sul matrimonio quale garanzia di certezza e stabilità dell’affetto dei genitori (è infatti previsto l’accesso alle coppie conviventi), alla perdita di embrioni dovuta alla bassa percentuale di successo delle tecniche di procreazione medicalmente assistita. Rimane comunque apprezzabile - tenuto conto del libertarismo e permissivismo dominanti volti a legalizzare tutto quanto è già fattibile - l’impegno manifestato per ottenere l’approvazione della PDL. In ogni caso L’obiezione di coscienza, prevista dalla PDL, acquista dunque tutta la sua valenza di fronte al significato del generare e dell’essere generati.
Bioethical considerations on the japanese law and government reports on human cloning, the embryo and the genome
Authors: Akiba Etsuko , Serra Angelo
Published: November 2020

The Japanese government, as has been the case in other countries, has recently examined (with a view to passing suitable legislation) the ethical aspects of the new fields of biotechnological research where the human embryo and the human genome are the principal objects of inquiry. It has done this in order to establish the goals, value and limits of such research. A bioethics committee was appointed for the purpose and this set up three subcommittees. The first sub-committee was created in January 1998 to study questions and issues relating to “reproductive cloning”; the second came into being in December 1998 to examine questions and issues relating to the use of “human embryos” for research; and the third was set up on December 1999 to report on the developments involved in the Human Genome Project.

The reports of these three sub-committees were examined and discussed by the bioethical committee and published separately. The result of the first report was the law of June 2001 which prohibited “reproductive cloning” and provided for very severe penalties for transgressors. The result of the second report, which was in contrast with the premises previously established by this second sub-committee, was the legitimation of the use of early embryos for the production of “embryonic stem cells” and for “therapeutic cloning”. The third report confirmed the results and the proposals of the second report on the basis of the absolute freedom of scientific research and the principle that only “born” people are subjects capable of having rights.

Two observations bring out the weakness of the arguments of the second and third reports in particular: 1. a careful analysis of Japanese law and jurisprudence calls into question the validity of the central argument on which the conclusion of the second report is based, that is to say that “human embryos are not subject to the protection of criminal law”. Although it admits the validity of this law, which requires the defence of the embryo, this defence is held to begin only when the embryo is implanted in the womb: this is because a definition of when human life begins is absent in this report; 2. the concept of “human dignity” is very confused. In this way the fundamental principle of bioethics in relation to man, which is essentially made up of his “dignity” and his consequent “rights”, is not present.
Education: a chance to change organ shortage. Should we address a different message to society?
Authors: Cantarovich Félix
Published: November 2020

This paper attempts to provide burdens insights into the problem of shortage of donor organs for transplantation and offers a prescription of a new approach to obtaining organs from individuals who have just died.

The fundamental theses advanced here are that there is a need for education of the public, and especially the youth among the people, to the fact that their commitment to consent to use organ for transplantation represents an insurance policy for their own future health and that organ transplantation is a needed part of expensive medical care, not unlike other modalities of treatment.

Central to this educational strategy are two concepts: 1. erase the concept of the integrity of the cadaver, focusing instead on the usefulness of the organs of the cadaver to solve a societal need; 2. to establish, as a principle, that the use of cadaver organs means to share a source of health for humankind.
Work-Family Guilt: The Perspective of Secondary School Athletic Trainers With Children
Authors: Eason Christianne M. , Rynkiewicz Kelsey M. , Mazerolle Singe Stephanie
Published: November 2020

Context

The literature in athletic training has consistently demonstrated evidence of work-family-life conflict and the potential consequences of that conflict among athletic trainers (ATs) employed in the clinical setting. Parental responsibilities have been suggested to increase the conflict among work, family, and life. The emotions that occur because of this conflict have received little attention and warrant further study.

Objective

To investigate perceptions and antecedents of work-family guilt (WFG) among secondary school ATs with children.

Design

Phenomenological qualitative study.

Setting

Secondary schools.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty (13 women, 7 men) ATs with children (range = 1–3) employed in the secondary school setting. All but 3 were married (n = 17) at the time of the study. Their average age was 37 ± 11 years, and they were certified as ATs for 14 ± 11 years.

Data Collection and Analysis

Participants completed one-on-one semistructured phone interviews. Multiple-analyst triangulation and peer review were used to establish data credibility.

Results

General inductive analysis revealed that men and women participants experienced feelings of WFG despite having supportive work environments. The guilt for both sexes stemmed from work interfering with family and an altruistic mindset. Women indicated they felt pressure from their husbands that contributed to feelings of guilt.

Conclusions

Secondary school ATs experienced WFG. Trying to balance parental and athletic training duties can cause an emotional response, and ATs' giving and caring nature may be a precursor to guilt.
Athlete Workloads During Collegiate Women's Soccer Practice: Implications for Return to Play
Authors: Kupperman Natalie , DeJong Alexandra F. , Alston Peter , Hertel Jay , Saliba Susan A.
Published: November 2020

Context

Athlete monitoring via wearable technology is often used in soccer athletes. Although researchers have tracked global outcomes across soccer seasons, little information exists on athlete loads during individual practice drills. Understanding these demands is important for athletic trainers in making decisions about return to play.

Objective

To provide descriptive information on total distance, total player load (PL), total distance per minute, and PL per minute for practice drill structures and game play by player position among female soccer athletes across a competitive season.

Design

Retrospective observational study.

Setting

National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I university.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 32 female collegiate soccer players (age = 20 ± 1 years, height = 168.75 ± 4.28 cm).

Intervention(s)

Athletes wore a single global positioning system and triaxial accelerometer unit during all practices and games in a single soccer season. Individual practice drills were labeled by the team's strength and conditioning coach and binned into physical, technical and tactical skills and large- and small-sided competition drill structures.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Descriptive analyses were used to assess the median total distance, total PL, total distance per minute, and PL per minute by drill structure and player position (defender, forward or striker, and midfielder) during practices and games.

Results

Large- and small-sided competition drills imposed the greatest percentage of workload across all measures for each position (approximately 20% of total practice), followed by physical drills. When comparing technical and tactical skills drills, we found that technical skills drills required athletes to cover a greater distance (approximately 17% for technical skills and 15% for tactical skills), and tactical skills drills required higher play intensity during practices across all positions (approximately 18% for technical skills and 13% for tactical skills). Defenders had the highest median PL outcomes of all positions during practices.

Conclusions

Different practice drill types imposed various levels of demands, which simulated game play, on female soccer athletes. Athletic trainers and other clinicians may use this information in formulating objective return-to-play guidelines for injured collegiate women's soccer players.
Barriers and Facilitators Faced by Athletic Trainers Implementing National Athletic Trainers' Association Inter-Association Task Force Preseason Heat-Acclimatization Guidelines in US High School Football Players
Authors: Kossman Melissa Kay , McCrae Andrew J. , Pryor Riana R. , Frank Simone C. , Hayford Ryan , Logan Paige C. , Moakley Margaret G. , Register-Mihalik Johna K. , Kerr Zachary Y.
Published: November 2020

Context

The aim of the National Athletic Trainers' Association Inter-Association Task Force (NATA-IATF) preseason heat-acclimatization guidelines was to acclimatize high school athletes to the environment during the first 2 weeks of the preseason and reduce the risk of exertional heat illness.

Objective

To identify barriers and facilitators that high school athletic trainers (ATs) encountered when implementing the NATA-IATF guidelines.

Design

Qualitative study.

Setting

Individual phone interviews with all participants.

Patients or Other Participants

Thirty-three ATs (16 men, 17 women; age = 36.0 ± 12.0 years, athletic training experience = 12.9 ± 10.5 years) representing 19 states (4 with state mandates) were interviewed before data saturation was achieved. Participants were purposefully sampled from a larger investigation based on stratification of US Census region and preidentified high school compliance with the NATA-IATF guidelines.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

A cross-sectional, semistructured phone interview (6 steps) was conducted with each participant and then transcribed verbatim. A 7-person research team (5 coders, 2 auditors) coded the data into themes and categories, focusing on consensus of data placement to reduce bias and ensure accuracy.

Results

Facilitators and barriers that influenced successful guideline implementation were (1) perceived stakeholder access, (2) perceived stakeholder role, (3) capability and capacity, (4) school culture, (5) logistical support, (6) resources, (7) physical environment, and (8) consistency of the guidelines. Overall, participants discussed facilitators and barriers within each category based on their experiences and circumstances.

Conclusions

Athletic trainers faced numerous concerns regarding compliance with the NATA-IATF preseason heat-acclimatization guidelines. Multiple levels of influence should be targeted to improve implementation. These include intrapersonal factors by giving ATs the education and self-efficacy to support advocacy for implementation, interpersonal components by establishing strong collaborative networks for change, community and environmental factors by optimizing school culture and community resources for implementation, and policy aspects by establishing consistent guidelines across all bodies.