bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TECHNOLOGY OF MINCED POULTRY PRODUCTS WITH INCREASED DIETARY FIBER CONTENT
Authors: Feng Zhang , Stepanova Tatyana , Golovko Tetiana , Golovko Mykola , Mazurenko Ihor , Vasylenko Olha , Prymenko Vladyslav
Published: June 2023

The basis of the state policy of Ukraine in the field of healthy nutrition of the population for the period until 2025 is to preserve and strengthen the health of the population, prevention of diseases caused by poor and unbalanced nutrition. Food products enriched with irreplaceable components, including dietary fibers, have been developed. The article substantiates the use of broiler meat as the main ingredient of the recipe, selects and studies the vegetable supplement of oat bran, which contains dietary fibers. The functional-technological and organoleptic indicators of minced meat models with different amounts of vegetable additives were studied, as a result, the optimal dose of introduction was determined and the formulation of the product made from broiler meat with an increased content of dietary fibers was developed. Optimal modes of heat treatment of the semi-finished product using a steam convection oven and modes of cold treatment of the finished product in "shock" freezing chambers were selected. The thermophysical characteristics of the new product were studied, and the duration of its freezing was calculated using Planck's formula. The technology of production of a functional product from broiler meat is proposed. The developed product is characterized by high organoleptic characteristics, such as juiciness of the product, pleasant smell and taste, uniform consistency, as well as a large yield of the finished product. The product contains dietary fibers, in one portion their amount is 8 g, which contributes to the satisfaction of 40% of the body's daily need for this food substance. The optimal recipe and technology of chicken cutlets with dietary fibers have been scientifically substantiated and developed. The possibility of producing chicken cutlets with a high content of dietary fiber has been theoretically and experimentally substantiated. Based on the analysis of the chemical composition and the study of the content of dietary fibers, functional-technological and organoleptic indicators of six vegetable supplements, the feasibility of introducing the vegetable supplement "Oat bran" into the recipe of chicken cutlets was substantiated. The effectiveness of thermal processing of chicken cutlets with increased dietary fiber content when using a convection oven in the steam + convection mode compared to the traditional method of processing has been proven. The raw materials for the production of the finished product were selected, the recipe was developed, the heat treatment parameters were selected, and the technology of quick-frozen finished product was developed. The developed ready-made poultry dish has an increased nutritional value due to the content of dietary fibers. It is taken into account that dietary fibers should be a mandatory part of the diet. Their total content in one portion is 8 g per 125 g of the finished product, which meets the daily need for this indicator by 40%.
MULTI-CRITERIA EVALUATION OF THE MULTIFACTOR STOCHASTIC SYSTEMS EFFECTIVENESS
Authors: Raskin Lev , Sukhomlyn Larysa , Sokolov Dmytro , Vlasenko Vitalii
Published: June 2023

Subject of the research in the article is the evaluation of complex multifactor stochastic systems functioning effectiveness according to a variety of correlated criteria. The problem actuality is determined by the fact that an independent evaluation of system effectiveness for each of the mutually correlated criteria for the system under consideration is not informative. In well-known works in the direction of multiple correlation, a relatively simple problem of estimating the correlation between one resulting parameter and a set of influencing factors is considered, which is not enough for the analysis and management of multicriteria systems. In addition, the known results do not take into account possible significant differences in influencing factors mutual correlation values. Purpose of Work is to develop a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of system effectiveness according to a variety of interrelated criteria. Tasks to be Solved: splitting the set of system parameters into two subsets (parameters determining the effectiveness of system and parameters affecting it), forming additive convolutions of parameters included in subsets, developing a methodology for calculating the multiple correlation coefficient between the components of the selected subsets, developing a method for differentiating a scalar function from a vector argument by this argument. Applied Methods: nonlinear programming, multidimensional correlation analysis, method of differentiation of scalar functions by vector argument. These methods are used for forming and calculating a multiple correlation coefficient between the set of system effectiveness complex criterion components values and its control parameters set values. Results Obtained:  proposed methodology provides the possibility of solving the problems of system management, taking into account the revealed relationship between the multi-criteria evaluation of system effectiveness and values of its controlled parameters. At the same time, an important advantage of the obtained result lies in the possibility that arises when using it to take into account the joint (group) influence of control variables on the complex criterion of system efficiency. The developed technology of scalar functions differentiation by vector argument has great practical importance which expands the arsenal of computational mathematics.
Unprecedented islands of GGC and GCC repeats coincide with human evolution.
Authors: Tajeddin N , Arabfard M , Alizadeh S , Salesi M , Khamse S , Delbari A , Ohadi M
Published: June 2023

Because of high mutation rate, overrepresentation in genic regions, and link with various neurological, neurodegenerative, and movement disorders, GGC and GCC short tandem repeats (STRs) are prone to natural selection. Among a number of lacking data on those STRs, (GGC)3 and (GCC)3 STRs remain widely unexplored. In a genome-wide search in human, here we mapped GGC and GCC STRs of ≥3-repeats, and report islands of up to 45 of those STRs, populating spans of 1 to 2 kb of genomic DNA with extraordinary density and periodicity. RGPD4 and NOC4L harbored the densest (GGC)3 (probability 3.09061E-71) and (GCC)3 (probability 1.72376E-61) STR islands, respectively, and were human-specific. We also found a prime instance of directional incremented density of STRs at a specific locus in human versus other species, that was the FOXK2 (GGC)3 island (probability 5.93916E-12). The genes containing those islands significantly diverged in expression in human versus other species, and the proteins encoded by those genes interact closely in a physical interaction network. In conclusion, (GGC)3 and (GCC)3 STRs form unprecedented islands of extraordinary density and periodicity, which may be of evolutionary significance in human evolution. These islands remain to be explored in evolutionary, mechanistic, and functional platforms.
Does Environmental Quality React Asymmetrically to Unemployment and Inflation Rates? African OPEC countries' perspective
Authors: Djedaiet Aissa
Published: June 2023

Environmental degradation, inflation, and unemployment are unquestionably among the current global issues. However, there has not been an in-depth investigation of how unemployment and inflation rates impact environmental quality. This study uses the Panel NARDL model methodology to investigate how the environment (proxied by CO2 emissions) reacts to asymmetric shocks in inflation and unemployment rates. In addition to determining whether the environmental Phillips curve (EPC) hypothesis holds true in the context of African OPEC countries over the period 1990 to 2019. The study presents three interesting findings. First, CO2 emissions are adversely associated with unemployment and inflation rates, meaning that protecting a healthy environment would have to come at the expense of two undesirable outcomes: losing employment and a decline in purchasing power. Second, the asymmetry analysis demonstrates that both negative unemployment and positive inflation shocks have a larger effect on CO2 emissions than the opposite scenario. Finally, long-term evidence exists to support the presence of the EPC in these countries.
Inverse Design of Multi-Foci Metalens for Generating Polarization-Dependent Images with Uniform Intensity Distributions
Authors: Lu Binbin , Zang Xiaofei , Sun Bowen , Zhou Yiwen , Chi Haoxiang , Zhu Yiming , Zhuang Songlin
Published: June 2023

Benefiting from the superior capability in manipulating wavefront of electromagnetic waves, metasurfaces have provided a flexible platform for designing ultracompact and high-performance devices with unusual functionalities. As a typical functional device, multi-foci metalens can realize novel functions (i.e., the large field of view and fully reconfigurable imaging) that are extremely challenging or impossible to achieve with conventional lenses. However, a multi-foci metalens always shows inhomogeneous/chaotical intensity distributions between the multiple focal spots, which is a key challenge in metasurface design and limited to further applications. Here an iterative algorithm is proposed to automatically optimize the in-plane orientation (other than the shape) of each meta-atom in a multi-foci metalens that can generate a plethora of focal spots with uniform intensity distributions. As proof-of-principle examples, inversely designed metalenses for generating circularly-polarized, linearly-polarized, and multi-polarized images with homogeneous intensity distributions are proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The robust approach for simultaneously and accurately modulating the amplitude, phase, polarization as well as intensity distributions of terahertz waves to generate polarization-dependent and uniform intensity of focal spots will open a new avenue in developing compact imaging, face unlock, and motion sensing.
Distinguishable Shot-term Effects of Tea and Water Drinking on Human Saliva Redox
Authors: meng xiangyu , Chong Pik Han , Song Binbin , Zhang Pengwei , Li Li , Rao Pingfan , Yu Zhaoshuo , Ke Lijing
Published: June 2023

Food consumption can alter the biochemistry and redox status of human saliva, and the serving temperature of food may also play a role. The study aimed to explore the immediate (3 min) and delayed (30 min) effects of hot tea (57±0.5℃) ingestion and cold tea (8±0.5℃) ingestion on the salivary flow rate and salivary redox-relevant attributes. The saliva was collected from 20 healthy adults before, 3-min after and 30-min after the tea ingestion. The hot or cold deionised water at the same temperatures were used as control. The salivary flow rate and redox markers in hot tea (HBT), cold tea (CBT), hot water (HW) and cold water (CW) group wereanalysedand compared. The results demonstrated that neither the black tea nor the water altered the salivary flow rate; the black tea immediately increased the salivary thiol (SH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content while reduced salivary uric acid (UA) significantly. The tea ingestion showed a tendency to elevate the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in saliva, although not significantly. The water ingestion decreased the MDA content immediately and increased the UA level significantly. Cold water was found to induce a greater delayed increase in total salivary total protein (TPC) than the hot water. In conclusion, the black tea ingestion affects the redox attributes of human saliva acutely and significantly, while the temperature of drink makes the secondary contribution.
Spatial optimization of circular timber hubs
Authors: Duarte Fabio , Venverloo Titus , Benson Tom , Tsui Tanya
Published: June 2023

Construction is responsible for 38% of CO2 emissions and 40% energy consumption. The reuse of construction materials has been receiving increasing attention, including regulations established by the European Union, and cities establishing goals to reuse construction materials. This is the case for Amsterdam, which established the goal of reusing 50% of construction materials in new construction by 2030. Part of the challenge of reuse of construction materials in urban areas is to optimize the waste-to-resource loops: finding the optimal scale and location for circular construction hubs—facilities that collect, store, and redistribute construction waste as secondary construction materials. In this paper, we use the supply and demand of timber construction materials in Amsterdam as a case study to find the optimal scale and location for construction hubs. We used the spatial simulated annealing algorithm as an optimization method for balancing the trade-off between small and large scale hubs, using cost-effectiveness to compare potential locations and identify the optimal solution. We found that the optimal number of hubs for our study area is 29, with an average service radius of 3 km. This study has implications for policymakers, urban planners, and companies seeking to implement circular economy principles.
Effects of Combination of Strength and Balance Training on Postural Control and Functionality in People with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Authors: SU Yuying , LI Wei , PAN Changbo , SHI Yu
Published: June 2023

Aim
To identify the effects of strength and balance training on dynamic balance and patient reported outcomes in people with chronic ankle instability(CAI).
Method
Five databases(CNKI, WanFang, Web of Science, EBSCO-SPORTD and PubMed were searched in September 2022. The search was conducted on randomized controlled trials(RCTs) that the effects of strength training, balance training and combination of strength and balance training in people with chronic ankle instability compared to a control group. Using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata-SE 15 to conduct Meta-analysis on the included literature. methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed by using the PEDro scale.
Results
A total of 33 Chinese and English RCTs document were screened and 1154 patients with CAI were included in the study. Compared with control group, strength training, balance training and combination of strength and balance training demonstrated to be more effective in terms of improving patient reported outcomes(strength training: SMD = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.39–1.22; balance training: SMD = 0.79, 95%CI = 0.41–1.17; combination of strength and balance training: SMD = 1.28, 95%CI = 0.57, 1.99). Subgroup analysis: Intervention for 6 weeks, more than 3 times a week and more than 30 minutes each time were the best rehabilitation programs to improve CAI patientreported outcomes. Compared with control group, balance training demonstrated to be more effective in terms of improving Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT)((anterior: SMD = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.03–1.40; posterolateral: SMD = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.22–1.46; posteromedial: SMD = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.45–1.32). However, strength training and combination of strength and balance training had no improvement effects on SEBT.
Conclusions
Available evidence showed that, results of the comparison between balance training versus strength training suggest that the combination of strength and balance training achieves greater benefits for patient reported outcomes and balance training could bring greater benefits to dynamic balance. Strength training should be used cautiously in clinic to improve the dynamic balance in individuals with CAI.
Systematic review registration number: (http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO，Registration No. CRD42022371396)
War-related stress scale
Authors: Vargová Lenka , Jozefiaková Bibiána , Lačný Martin , Adamkovič Matúš
Published: June 2023

Background
The current war in Ukraine has affected the well-being of people worldwide. In order to understand how difficult the situation is, specific stressors associated with war need to be measured. To address this, we have developed an inventory of war-related stressors, including its short form.
Methods
A list of potential war-related stressors was created, and the content validity of each item was assessed. The list, together with other validated scales, was administered to a representative sample of the Slovak population (effective N = 1851). Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity analysis, and network analysis were carried out to determine the optimal scale (long and short form) focused on war-related stressors.
Results
The full version of the scale consists of 21 items that can be further divided into three factors: society-related stressors, person-related stressors, and security-related stressors. The short version of the scale consists of nine items loaded onto one factor. These items cover fear for one’s safety and future, access to basic needs, potential worsening of the economic situation, and escalation of the conflict with the possibility of a nuclear threat. The results of the network analysis indicate that concern about escalation and fear of an economic crisis play a central role.
Conclusions
The scale attempts to cover a wide spectrum of areas that are affected by war and its potential consequences on people who live outside the conflict area. Given the complexity of the issue, we invite researchers to modify the scale and adjust it to cultural, geographical, and time-specific factors.
Functional Electrical Stimulation Therapy to improve motor function and activity in post-stroke individuals in early subacute phase: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Galvão Wagner Rodrigues , Silva Luana Karoline Castro , Formiga Magno Ferreira , Thé George André Pereira , Faria Christina Danielli Coelho de Morais , Viana Ramon Távora , Lima Lidiane Andréa Oliveira
Published: June 2023

Background
Stroke necessitates interventions to rehabilitate individuals with disabilities, and the application of functional electrical stimulation therapy (FEST) has demonstrated potential in this regard.
Methods
We performed a systematic review according to the recommendations of the PRISMA checklist, searching MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, LILACS, and PEDro databases by July 2022, without any date or language limitations. Studies were selected using the following terms: stroke, electrical stimulation therapy, cycling, and clinical trials. Randomized or quasi-randomized clinical trials were included that investigated the effect and effectiveness of FEST combined with exercise programs and FEST alone for motor function and activity in subacute post-stroke individuals. The quality of included trials was assessed using the PEDro scores. Outcome data were extracted from eligible studies and combined in random-effects meta-analyses. The quality of evidence was determined according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system.
Results
Five randomized clinical trials involving 187 participants were included. Moderate-quality evidence indicates that FEST combined with exercise programs promotes relevant benefits in trunk control (MD 9 points, 95% CI 0.36 to 17.64) and walking distance (MD 94.84 meters, 95% CI 39.63 to 150.05, I = 0%), the other outcomes had similar benefits. FEST compared with exercise programs promotes similar benefits in motor function and activity.
Conclusion
This systematic review provides low to moderate-quality evidence that FEST combined with exercise programs provides similar or superior benefits in motor function and activity in early subacute post-stroke individuals.
Review registration: PROSPERO (CRD42022345282)
Functional form or Machine-Learning-Based Ground-Motion Models? An application to the Italian dataset
Authors: Luzi Lucia , Felicetta Chiara , Lanzano Giovanni
Published: June 2023

This paper examines the advantages and drawbacks of the use of a functional form in empirical ground-motion modelling compared to machine learning algorithms. Typically, models based on linear regression and predefined functional forms have limits in representing complex nonlinear behaviour of source, attenuation and site effects present in the data. We investigate the efficiency of different machine learning algorithms using the dataset of Italian strong motion records, consisting of 5,607 records relative to 146 earthquakes and 1,657 stations, employed to derive the most recent ground motion model for Italy. We quantify the differences in the predictive capabilities of both approaches in terms of standard deviation, which is broken down into between-event, between-station and event- and site-corrected components, implemented as random effects. When datasets are sufficiently large, various ML algorithms tend to provide more accurate estimates compared to the conventional linear regression-based method and the Gaussian Process Regression is the best-performing algorithm with the Italian dataset. The conventional regression-based methods are a better tool when limited data is available.
Pandemic Alert with Smart Covid-19 Using Blockchain-Powered Digital Twins' Collaboration
Authors: V Padmavathi , R Kanimozhi
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated using cutting-edge technologies, such as digital twins, blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI), in various industries, including healthcare. Medical cyber-physical systems must leverage these technologies to address the paramedic crisis caused by COVID-19. Digital twins (DTs), digital representations of physical objects, have become possible due to advancements in computer technology. DTs can be used for 3-D design, testing, simulation, and prototyping before physical production and for configuration, monitoring, diagnostics, and prognostics once the physical component is in service. To develop a digital replica of the COVID-19 outbreak, blockchain and Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) deep learning algorithms are introduced. Simulation is then used to evaluate the performance of the COVID-DT model. When examining the transmission performance of network data security, it was found that the model has a shorter average latency, a consistent data message delivery rate of approximately 80%, and a stable data message disclosure rate of roughly 10%. According to an examination of network communication costs, the research is estimated to cost less than 700 bytes and have a prediction error of no more than 10%. The COVID-DT model exhibits strong network security performance while maintaining low latency, allowing for more efficient and accurate information interaction. It also serves as an experimental foundation for information security and pandemic development trends in smart cities. In addition, the research work provides cost and security analyses and demonstrates how the strategy complies with DTs process requirements. This research highlights the importance of incorporating cutting-edge technologies into the healthcare industry to address crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic and how digital twins can play a significant role in this effort.
Interaction of circadian-regulated gene expression and DNA methylation with eleven psychiatric disorders: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Shen Jing , Feng Yu
Published: June 2023

Circadian regulation is driven by the internal circadian clock (CC), and CC-related genes have been linked to psychiatric disorders. However, a comprehensive understanding of the causal relationships between these genes and psychiatric disorders is lacking. This study used a multi-omics summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) method to identify potential mechanisms connecting eleven common psychiatric disorders to CC-related genes. CC-related genes were obtained from GeneCards, and pooled GWAS data for the psychiatric disorders were collected. An integrated analysis was performed, combining GWAS data with eQTL and mQTL data from blood and brain tissues. The study identified 529 CC-related genes and found candidate causative genes for major depression, neuroticism, and schizophrenia through SMR analysis. However, no significant genetic correlations with circadian regulation were observed for other psychiatric disorders. The study hypothesized that specific DNA methylation patterns could regulate the expression of certain genes and increase the risk of major depression and schizophrenia, while decreasing the risk of neuroticism. Overall, the findings have the potential to contribute to future advancements in psychiatric disorder diagnosis.
New Sesquiterpenoids with Hypolipidemic Activities from An Edible-medicinal Fungi Irpex lacteus
Authors: Zhu Zhenxin , Kong Fandong , Lu Yue , Liu Ying , Jiang Mingguo , Liu Hongcun , Xiao Yang , Yang Lifang
Published: June 2023

Twelve sesquiterpenoids, including four azulenoids (compounds 4, 5, 8, 12), five monocyclic sesquiterpenoids (compounds 1, 2, 6, 10, 11) were isolated from an edible-medicinal fungi Irpex lacteus. Compounds 1-8 were new compounds and compounds 9-12 were known but first found in Irpex lacteus. The structure of compound 1-8 were established by combining spectroscopic methods, including integrated NMR, MS, UV, IR, and ECD calculations. All of the isolated compounds(1−12) were evaluated for hypolipidemic activity by a commercially available assay kit. All dose groups of compound 2, 4, 6 and 12, compound 1, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 (50 and 100 μg/mL) and compound 3, 8 (100 μg/mL) exhibited betterdecreased (P<0.01, P<0.05) the TG activity than the positive control lovastatin (100 μg/mL). Especially, compound 6 showed the highest hypolipidemic activity in 12 compounds, which decreased TG by 54.69% (100 μg/mL), 42.19% (50 μg/mL) and 34.38% (25 μg/mL), respectively.
Factors that influence and, strategies for improving uptake of maternity services among adolescents in Zomba Malawi. A longitudinal qualitative study
Authors: Chirwa Marumbo Eve , Nyondo-Mipando Alinane Linda
Published: June 2023

Background
Adolescent pregnancy remains a public health problem as it contributes to maternal mortality and morbidity. There is poor utilization of maternal health services among adolescent women, and they do not gain maximum benefits of the services, by either reporting late to book for ANC, for labour and delivery, and for their postnatal checkups or partially using them. This situation increases the risk of infant and maternal morbidity and mortality. Hence, this study explored the factors that influence and strategies for improving the utilization of maternal health services among adolescents in Malawi.
Methods
We conducted an exploratory longitudinal qualitative study at Matawale Health Center from August 2021 to January 2022 among pregnant adolescent women to explore the factors that influence and strategies for improving the utilization of maternal health services among adolescents. We drew a purposive sample of 12 adolescent women between 15 and 19 years of age and collected data using in-depth interviews, vignettes and pictorial diaries. All recordings were audio-recorded, translated, and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis, with NVivo 12 software. Additionally, we used Andersen’s behavioral theoretical framework to guide the study.
Findings
Factors that influence the uptake and utilization of maternity health services among adolescent women include distance, embarrassment/fear, healthcare workers' attitudes, resource availability, support, and operation times. The strategies for promoting the utilization of services include having adolescent-friendly operational times, community outreach, and awareness.
Conclusion
The optimization of maternity services among adolescents will require restructuring the way the current services are provided so that the perspectives of adolescents are incorporated. Strategies to address fear and embarrassment, which are specific to adolescents, need to be addressed, and this could be done through community awareness and flexibility in the delivery of services to align with the needs of adolescents.
A novel external fixation of gluteus maximus muscle flap for reconstruction of refractory ischial tuberosity pressure ulcer
Authors: Qiu Le , Li Shi-Ji , Fang Xiao , Wang Xiao-Meng , Wang Yi-Fan , Wang Fei , Liu Sheng , Chen Xu-Lin
Published: June 2023

Objective
Treatment of the ischial tuberosity pressure ulcer remains a surgical challenge. Ischial-located flap reconstruction shares a high risk of wound dehiscence and recurrence. The aim of this study was to design a surgical procedure of the external fixation as a novel option for a modified reconstruction of ischial tuberosity sore.
Methods
Ten spastic paraparesis patients with ischial tuberosity pressure ulcers were enrolled in this study from June 2018 to March 2021. The defects occurred secondary to spinal injury (6 patients), ankylosing spondylitis (2 patients), infantile paralysis (1 patient) and Parkinson's syndrome (1 patient). The ischiogluteal bursa and lesioned part of ischial tuberosity were excised in all cases. The gluteus maximus muscle flaps ranged in size from 2cm × 8cm to 10cm × 10cm. The simple external fixation using stainless-steel suture tying over sterile gauze were applied to ensure the extermination of dead space and fixation of the gluteus maximus muscle flap.
Results
The obtained outcomes were satisfactory functionally and aesthetically. Pressure ulcers in 10 patients were completely healed without major problems, except one patient developed a new skin ulcer one week after discharge, which eventually healed after being reoperated the same procedure. All patients were satisfied with the application of the external fixation and proposed flaps.
Conclusion
In this series of 10 patients, all gluteus maximus muscle flaps were fixed and adhered to ischial tuberosity effectively and the pressure wounds were closed well when patients discharged.
Life Expectancy Inequality Between Regions of China 2004-2019: Contribution of Age- and Cause-specific Mortality
Authors: Zhang Leyi , Sun Lijuan
Published: June 2023

Background
China is currently experiencing a period of rapid epidemiological transition, characterized by significant shifts in disease patterns and health outcomes. The epidemiological transition theory suggests that the inequality in life expectancy between regions within China can vary significantly. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the dynamic trends in the LE gap between regions in China from 2004 to 2019, with a specific focus on analyzing the LE disparities in age-specific and cause-specific improvements in mortality across different regions.
Methods
The study employs the log-quadratic method to estimate the LE gap between regions in China. Using the Arriage LE decomposition method, we analyze the age-specific and cause-specific components of LE changes during two distinct periods: 2004–2011 and 2012–2019. By integrating the theory of epidemiological transition with empirical trends in LE changes, we examine the alterations in the LE gap among different regions.
Results
Between 2004 and 2019, the LE gap between regions in China exhibited a pattern characterized by an initial sharp decrease followed by a subsequent gradual increase. During this period, the reduction in the LE gap can predominantly be attributed to differences in the contribution of childhood infectious diseases and maternal and child diseases, while the expansion of the gap is primarily driven by variations in the impact of chronic diseases among the elderly population, particularly cardiovascular disease and malignant neoplasms. Notably, the negative contribution of diseases such as diabetes also contributes to the observed widening gap. The decline in LE gains in the western region is mainly attributable to a decrease in all-age mortality improvement, with this deceleration deviating from the observed empirical trend in LE changes. The higher-than-expected increase in LE in the eastern region is mainly associated with improvements in chronic diseases among the elderly population.
Conclusion
Following a marked decline, the LE gap between regions in China has experienced a slight widening. The principal factor contributing to this widening gap is the inadequate improvement in all-age mortality in the western region. Future efforts to reduce the LE gap between regions should prioritize improvements in all-age mortality in the western region, particularly in major chronic diseases and diseases such as diabetes that adversely impact mortality improvement. The implementation of effective health intervention policies, such as universal health coverage or equalization of primary health services in the western region, will play a crucial role in addressing these disparities.
Some results on permutation polynomials over finite fields
Authors: QIN Xiaoer , Yan Li
Published: June 2023

Permutation polynomials is a hot topic in finite fields. Permutation polynomials with the form $x^rh(x^{q-1})$ of ${\bf F}_{q^{2}}$ have been studied extensively. In this paper, we build a general relation between permutation polynomials having the form $x^rh(x^{q-1})$ over ${\bf F}_{q^{2}}$ and permutation rational functions over ${\bf F}_{q}$. For $p=11, 13$ and $q=p^k$, by using the exceptional polynomials of degrees 11 and 13 of ${\bf F}_{q}$, we focus on studying the permutation properties of trinomials $x^{q+10}(ax^{10(q-1)}+x^{9(q-1)}+1)$ and $x^{q+6}(ax^{9(q-1)}+x^{5(q-1)}+1), x^{q+12}(ax^{12(q-1)}+x^{11(q-1)}+1)$ over ${\bf F}_{q^{2}}$. Conversely, we show an approach to using permutation polynomials over ${\bf F}_{q}$ to get permutation polynomials over ${\bf F}_{q^2}$.
Synthesis and Characterization of Fe(III) Chitosan Nanoparticle N-Benzaldehyde Schiff Base for Biomedical Application
Authors: Gift Okunzuwa Iyobosa , Enaroseha Omamoke O. E. , Samuel Okunzuwa Ikponmwosa
Published: June 2023

The present study produced and characterised chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle, chitosan n – benzaldehyde Schiff base, chitosan nanoparticle n – benzaldehyde Schiff base, Fe(III) chitosan n – benzaldehyde Schiff base and Fe(III) chitosan nanoparticle n – benzaldehyde Schiff base for biomedical application as antimicrobial agents. The materials were characterized with Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, X-ray Diffractogram and biologically evaluated using disc diffusion method with three gram-positive bacteria. The FTIR absorption peaks were shifted to a lower wave number than the micro materials from which it was modified. These clearly indicate the linkage between phosphate, ammonium ion, Schiff base and Fe(III) metal. The diffracted peaks of Fe(III) chitosan nanoparticle n – benzaldehyde Schiff base were new peaks at 2θ = 24oand 42owhen compare to the peak of Fe(III) chitosan n – benzaldehyde Schiff base of 2θ = 22.5oand 34o. The difference in peak shift were attributed to the ionic bonding of the complexation of Fe(III) with the blending of benzaldehyde to chitosan – Tpp backbone structure. Fe(III) chitosan nanoparticle Schiff base has more antimicrobial activity against same bacteria and fungi tested than Fe(III) chitosan n – benzaldehyde Schiff base, chitosan n – benzaldehyde Schiff base and chitosan. The antimicrobial activities of the synthesised six materials shown that the materials have high activities than the above – mentioned standard drugs.
An Accelerated Magnetotelluric 2D Forward Modeling Network Model: Transformer+Unet
Authors: Yuan Chongxin , Wang Xuben , Deng Fei , Wang Kunpeng , Wang Xiangpeng
Published: June 2023

The The accuracy and efficiency of two-dimensional electromagnetic forward simulation calculations are crucial for the success of the inversion process. However, traditional numerical simulation methods used for forward modeling are computationally intensive and slow, especially on personal computer systems. To solve this problem and improve computational efficiency, we propose a scheme based on Transformer-Unet (T-Unet) to accelerate the establishment of a two-dimensional magnetotelluric model. The purpose of constructing a T-Unet neural network is to establish a mapping between the geoelectric model and the apparent resistivity while also creating the corresponding dataset. Through network training and iteration, a neural network weight model is obtained, enabling the prediction of apparent resistivity and phase values for forward modeling results. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to traditional finite element forward modeling, T-Unet not only significantly reduces computational time but also achieves high forward calculation accuracy. Furthermore, T-Unet is applied to NLCG inversion. Similar to the finite element forward modeling results for NLCG, T-Unet inversion results accurately determine the location and structure of anomalous bodies. We firmly believe that deep learning neural networks have the potential to accelerate the improvement of forward computation time efficiency for inversion solutions. In summary, the proposed T-Unet scheme provides an effective solution for enhancing the efficiency of two-dimensional electromagnetic forward modeling. By utilizing deep learning technology, it is expected to advance the inversion process and accelerate forward calculations in the field of geophysics.
Measuring Regional Dimensions of Sustainable Livelihood Security Index in Maharashtra
Authors:   Dr. M. S. Deshmukh1†,   Dr. D. R. Nanaware2*†, Ghagare T. N.
Published: June 2023

The Sustainable Livelihood Security Index (SLSI) is an integrated effective and advantageous tool to measure agriculture sustainability and livelihood security. The sustainable Livelihood Security Index mechanism can help to track and estimate the agricultural sector's growth and development status. This study deals with to measuring of sustainability of the agriculture sector through the Sustainable Livelihood Security Index. SLSI approach is inclusive tool in terms of ecological, economic, and social aspects and its various sub indicators, which significantly impact the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). The main objective of this study, is to measure regional development of Maharashtra during two time periods, i.e., 2010 and 2019. Finding of study shows that western Maharashtra region is ranked highest and Vidharbha region is least developed in SLSI among all five regions in Maharashtra. The SLSI value of western Maharashtra has improved from 0.525 to 0.546 during 2010-19. However, the Vidharbha region though had lesser SLSI value as compared to other regions of Maharashtra moreover there is improvement in SLSI from 0.289 to 0.330 during same period. Overall SLSI value of Maharashtra state has raised from 0.404 to 0.414 during 2010-19. This reveals that there is positive net change in SLSI to the extent of 2.6% during 2010-19.
High Temperature Mechanical Constants of TC4 alloy Detected by Laser Ultrasonic
Authors: Chen Bohui , Zhang Jinping , Zhang Enda , Zhan Yu
Published: June 2023

Mechanical constants are the fundamental parameters for characterizing the mechanical properties of materials. Laser ultrasonic is a new non-destructive testing method characterized by long-range and non-contact. It is particularly suitable for detecting the mechanical properties of materials in harsh environments. TC4 alloy is one of the most important alloys for the production of engine blades, which is working at a high temperature of about 300–500℃. In this paper, the mechanical constants (elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio) of TC4 alloy at high temperatures are studied based on the finite element method. The mechanical constants are determined by their relation to the velocity of the ultrasonic wave. The finite element model of the laser-induced multi-mode wave at room temperature is established. Compare with the experimental results, the Rayleigh wave velocity error is 1.70%, and the longitudinal wave velocity error is 1.18%. The numerical results agree well with the experimental results, which confirms the correctness of the model. On this basis, further inversion of elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of TC4 alloy at high temperature. It is found that elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of TC4 alloy have a quadratic relationship with temperature. The mechanical constants at high temperatures are predicted, and the relative error is less than 4%. In this paper, the numerical results are in good agreement with the theoretical values, which verifies the validity and reliability of the model. It provides a reference for the further use of laser ultrasonic to determine the mechanical properties of materials at high temperatures.
Research for Remaining time Prediction Log Reduction Method
Authors: Ye JianHong , Lin Yan , Wu YongJin , Huang HongKai
Published: June 2023

Information systems record a large amount of event log data, including low-value, redundant data, during the course of business operations. When performance prediction is performed directly on these logs, the efficiency of the prediction is reduced. How to simplify and compress this data while preserving the effective value has been an issue explored by researchers. Most of the existing approaches are considered from a data dimensionality perspective, where dimensionality reduction is performed by removing redundant and irrelevant features. There are also model-driven perspectives that use model simplification rules to reduce model parameters, transforming the original dataset into a new simplified dataset while preserving some valid values. However, relatively few studies have investigated the efficiency of execution before and after event log simplification. In this paper, we address the residual prediction goal of log simplification by first proposing a prediction point selection algorithm using a role based on a network of resource communities to avoid simplifying all similarly functioning points in the same resource community, which affects the efficiency of subsequent predictions. Then the sequence, or and self-loop structrues are selected to convert into a sim-plifiable part, and the deviation between the actual simplifiable and the original data prediction value is algorithmically optimised to avoid oversimplification. Experiments show that the simplified event log not only maintains its predictive performance, but in some scenarios even improves its predictive accuracy over the original event log due to reduced overfitting.
Semantic Segmentation of Germinated Oil Palm Seeds Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks with a Novel Channel Attention Mechanism
Authors: Gao Sihang , Duan Xin , Liao Iman Yi , Jelani Mohammad Fakhry , Chen Zi Yan , Wong Choo Kien , Wong Wei Chee
Published: June 2023

Oil palm is a high value crop with an estimated 5% yearly replanting rate. To dispatch high quality seeds, stringent culling upon the germinated seeds is necessary. The shape of germinated part of an oil palm seed is a key manual criterion for distinguishing good seeds from bad ones. Accurate segmentation of the germinated part would serve as an important preprocessing step for automatic phenotypic analysis and quality classification of germinated oil palm seeds. In this paper, we pioneer the study of semantic segmentation of germinated oil palm seeds by convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Leveraging the state-of-the-art ‘SE-ResNext + U-Net’ architecture for image segmentation, we propose two modifications to address the difficulty of accurately segmenting the germinated part of a seed since it is much smaller compared to the seed body. Firstly, we design local spatial channel attention (LS-SE) to replace the Squeez-Excitation (SE) module to retain local information of a feature channel. Then we pass the features generated by the encoder to the same level of the decoder part twice along the decoding direction (DC-UNet) to retain the original features. This helped address the problem where the edge segmentation details of oil palm seeds require higher-resolution detail information to improve the segmentation accuracy. In addition, the number of parameters of the proposed DC-UNet is much smaller than that of other state-of-the art U-Net variants such as Unet++, significantly reducing the training time. Our proposed DC-UNet with LS-SE obtained an MIOU that is 1.2% higher than U-Net, with a clearly better visual segmentation around the boundaries of the germinated parts.
Transformer-based Text Classification on Unified Bangla Multi-class Emotion Corpus
Authors: Sourav Md Sakib Ullah , Wang Huidong , Mahmud Mohammad Sultan , Zheng Hua
Published: June 2023

Due to its importance in studying people’s thoughts on various Web 2.0 services, emotion classification is a critical undertaking. Most existing research is focused on the English language , with little work on low-resource languages, e.g., Bangla. In recent years, sentiment analysis, particularly emotion classification in English, has received increasing attention, but little study has been done in the context of Bangla (one of the world’s most widely spoken languages). In this research, we propose a complete set of approaches for identifying and extracting emotions from Bangla texts. We provide a Bangla emotion classification for six classes, i.e., anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, and surprise, from Bangla words using transformer-based models, which exhibit phenomenal results in recent days, especially for high-resource languages. The Unified Bangla Multi-class Emotion Corpus (UBMEC) is used to assess the performance of our models. UBMEC is created by combining two previously released manually labelled datasets of Bangla comments on six emotion classes with fresh manually labelled Bangla comments created by us. The corpus dataset and code we used in this work are publicly available.
Tissue Doppler echocardiography parameters renal and cardiovascular prognostic significance in IgA nephropathy
Authors: Sági Balázs , Késői István , Vas Tibor , Csiky Botond , Nagy Judit , Kovács Tibor József
Published: June 2023

Background.
In chronic kidney disease (CKD), as in IgA nephropathy (IgAN), cardiovascular (CV) mortality and morbidity are many times higher than in the general population, and diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) has prognostic significance as well. Tissue Doppler Echocardiography (TDI) is another method for measuring myocardial contractility and determining diastolic dysfunction.
Methods.
79 IgAN patients (age 46 ± 11 years) with CKD stages 1–3 were investigated and followed for 70 ± 28.7 months. Doppler echocardiography was used to measure the E (early) and A (late) waves, as well as the E wave deceleration time (EDT) during mitral inflow. TDI was used to measure early (Ea) and late (Aa) diastolic velocities (lateral basal wall fragment). From these, we calculated the E/Ea and Ea/Aa ratios. The primary combined endpoints were total mortality, major CV events, and end-stage renal disease, and the secondary endpoints were cardiovascular or renal.
Results.
Patients with decreased Ea (< 13 cm/s) had significantly more endpoints (20/42 vs. 3/37; p = 0.001) than patients with higher Ea (≥ 13 cm/s). The secondary renal endpoints were also significantly higher (p = 0.004). In a multivariate model, the eGFR showed independent correlation with the E/A ratio (r = 0.466; p < 0.01), EDT (r= -0.270; p < 0.01), Ea/Aa ratio (r = 0.455; p < 0.01), and decreased Ea (r = 0.544; p < 0.01). Independent factors influencing Ea were only EDT by uni- and multivariate regression but age and albuminuria by logistic regression.
Conclusion
Decreased Ea measured by TDI seems to be an eligible factor to predict the prognosis of IgA nephropathy. The decreased Ea may be a helpful parameter to identify high-risk CKD patients.