bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio de las percepciones de mujeres sobre las prácticas de balance vida-trabajo en el sector bancario peruano
Authors: Chaparro Angulo Miluska , Tamayo Gutierrez Nicole , Tantapoma Vilchez Carolina
Published: December 2020

La gestión de la diversidad de género para las empresas se basa en el beneficio que las mujeres representan para las empresas, especialmente en el sector bancario; por lo tanto, las prácticas de balance vida-trabajo representan una alternativa a favor de esta necesidad para las mujeres. El presente estudio1 tiene por objetivo conocer las percepciones de un grupo de mujeres profesionales con edades de 18 a 35 años sobre el balance vida-trabajo a través de un estudio de caso realizado en uno de los principales bancos peruano. Para ello, se analizan las relaciones estadísticas que pueden existir entre las determinantes de la mujer, la percepción de existencia y la percepción de importancia de las prácticas de balance vidatrabajo.El análisis de las determinantes concluyó en la creación de tres subgrupos, llamados perfiles. Para el análisis de percepciones, se construyó un instrumento denominado Nimica, el cual fue aplicado a 128 colaboradoras. Los principales resultados incluyen la constatación de que la percepción de importancia de cuatro prácticas se encuentra estadísticamente relacionada con la percepción de existencia y con los perfiles de las encuestadas.
Crecimiento de startups de agrobiotecnología: una aproximación a partir de un estudio de casos múltiple
Authors: Muñoz Arellano Elsie , Felices Ochoa Thania
Published: December 2020

Las agrobiotech startups son un modelo de negocio disruptivo que brinda alternativas mediante productos o servicios a diferentes tipos de cultivo en términos de productividad, calidad y/o sostenibilidad. El desarrollo de la agrobiotecnología podría contribuir a solucionar los desafíos que presenta el sector agrario peruano, contrarrestando de forma efectiva la pobreza y el hambre en el país. Este artículo aporta al conocimiento de las agrobiotech startups, pues identifica y describe los elementos clave de crecimiento para este tipo de startups en el ecosistema emprendedor peruano. Para ello, se realizó un estudio de casos múltiple con tres agrobiotech startups ganadoras del concurso Startup Perú o Reto Bio. Los hallazgos demuestran que, por la particularidad del sector, la geografía y la tecnología aplicada, se identifican elementos referentes al entorno, negocio y al propio emprendedor, con participación y apreciación particular.
Attitude to multiculturality at school scale: validation and psychometric properties on a Chilean sample
Authors: Mera Lemp María José , Martínez-Zelaya Gonzalo , Bilbao Marian , Zuleta Roxana , Garrido Amanda
Published: December 2020

The increasing number of immigrant students on the Chilean educational system stresses the importance of study teachers’ attitudes to multiculturality in schools settings. Nevertheless, there is a lack of adequate measurement instruments to apply on Chilean population. The aim of this work was to validate the Attitude to Multiculturality at School Scale (León del Barco et al., 2007) on a Chilean sample, composed by N=160 teachers. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the unifactorial model had the best fit to the data. Correlation analysis revealed significant relations between attitude to multiculturality at school, perceived out-group threat and prejudice. Linear regression analysis showed that perceived threat and prejudice explained 42% of the attitude to multiculturality at school variability, supporting criterion validity.
Psychometric Properties of an Instrument That Measures Adolescent Attitudes Towards Electronic Waste Management
Authors: Pascuas-Rengifo Yois , Beltran-Sanchez Jesus Alfonso , García-Quiroga Bernardo Emilio
Published: December 2020

The use and consumption of mobile devices are increasing thanks to easy access to this type of technology, which inherently increases the generation of electronic waste. The objective of this study is to determine the psychometric properties of an instrument that measures adolescent attitudes towards the management of electronic waste. A validation of content and construct supported by the application of exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis was performed. The findings show that this scale could be applied in high school student populations and could be input for various works of research.
Psychometric properties of the Academic Major Satisfaction Scale (AMSS) in Brazilian College Students
Authors: Silva Soares Ana Karla , Da Silva Nascimento Bruna , Da Silva Jacqueline Silvestre , Da Cruz Serejo Barbosa Nataly , Fernandes Kamazaki Daniely
Published: December 2020

Academic satisfaction has been studied from different perspectives that considerate distinct ways of measurement. However, the plurality of evaluated facets prevents a more parsimonious assessment of the general students’ academic satisfaction. In the article, we aimed to provide psychometric evidence of the validity and reliability for the AMSS in Brazil in two studies (N = 893). In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis and item parameters (Item Response Theory) support the one-factor solution and the suitability of the six items. Moreover, evidence for factorial invariance across gender and convergent validity with the PANAS and with the SWLS was also presented in Study 2. In conclusion, the present paper provides evidence of the adequacy of the AMSS to evaluate global satisfaction with the academics course in Brazil.
Creencias en obesidad y cirugía bariátrica: análisis de contenido para diseñar una escala
Authors: González María Victoria , Rodríguez María Antonia
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el proceso por el cual se generaron los ítems de una escala de creencias en obesidad y cirugía bariátrica mediante métodos mixtos. Participaron 22 pacientes bariátricos, ecuatorianos entre 22 y 50 años (M = 37.5, DE = 8.91). Se construyó, validó y aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada; la información se procesó mediante análisis de contenido dirigido por las dimensiones del Modelo de creencias en salud. Las creencias variaron en función de características sociodemográficas y clínicas, particularmente edad, sexo, técnica quirúrgica y evolución. El nivel de susceptibilidad, gravedad y beneficios percibidos se asoció principalmente a las consecuencias de perder el bienestar psicológico y aceptación social. Además, se encontró una mayor percepción de barreras en tres subpoblaciones: mujeres, personas que experimentaron emociones negativas y quienes reportaron menos soporte social.
[Rev.] Gorshkov M.K., Sheregi F.E. Molodezh’ Rossii v Zerkale Sotsiologii. K Itogam Mnogoletnikh Issledovanii. [Russian Youth in the Mirror of Sociology. To the Results of Many Years of Research.] Moscow: FNISC RAN publ., 2020
Authors: Zadorozhnyuk Ella
Published: December 2020

The fundamental work offered for consideration presents the results of fortyyear sociological research of the phenomenon of youth, one of the main goals ofwhich was to justify an effective youth policy. It is argued that overall the domestic version of sociology of youth, it being a sub-discipline of sociology, has a century of history and in a number of aspects is superior to its foreign counterpart. The book highlights how important it is in regards to socio-economic development and political progress for Russian youth to possess such qualities as morality, national orientation, a high level of culture, innovativeness, entrepreneurial spirit, health, all of which imply their active inclusion into social practices. To this end, it is necessary to modernize the system of youth policy management, strengthening the possibilities of effective interaction between the state, the youth community, social institutions and civil society.
COVID-19 Among African Americans: An Action Plan for Mitigating Disparities
Authors: Peek Monica E. , Simons Russell A. , Parker William F. , Ansell David A. , Rogers Selwyn O. , Edmonds Brownsyne Tucker
Published: December 2020

As the COVID-19 pandemic has unfolded across the United States, troubling disparities in mortality have emerged between different racial groups, particularly African Americans and Whites. Media reports, a growing body of COVID-19-related literature, and long-standing knowledge of structural racism and its myriad effects on the African American community provide important lenses for understanding and addressing these disparities.

However, troubling gaps in knowledge remain, as does a need to act. Using the best available evidence, we present risk- and place-based recommendations for how to effectively address these disparities in the areas of data collection, COVID-19 exposure and testing, health systems collaboration, human capital repurposing, and scarce resource allocation.

Our recommendations are supported by an analysis of relevant bioethical principles and public health practices. Additionally, we provide information on the efforts of Chicago, Illinois’ mayoral Racial Equity Rapid Response Team to reduce these disparities in a major urban US setting.
Survival Probability of Adults With Cystic Fibrosis Depending on Their Biological Status
Authors: John Aleksandra , Gozdzik-Spychalska Joanna , Durda-Masny Magdalena , Czaiński Wojciech , Pawłowska Natalia , Wlizło Jolanta , Batura-Gabryel Halina , Szwed Anita
Published: December 2020

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common autosomal recessive disease, and the type of mutation is recognized as one of the most important factors determining the survival rate. Factors contributing to disease exacerbations, and survival rate are poor nutritional status, lung failure, and infection development by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.The study aimed to evaluate the effect of the severity of mutation, nutritional status, lung function, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection on survival rate in adult patients with Cystic Fibrosis.Material and methods: A study of 124 (68 ♀ and 56 ♂) CF patients aged from 18 to 51 years were evaluated for: a) type of mutation in the CFTR gene, b) nutritional status (BMI), c) lung function (FEV1%), and d) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection. For statistical calculations, Kaplan-Meier analysis of survival and Chi-squared test for multiple samples were used.Results: Both the type of mutation (Chi²=12.73, df= 3, p=0.005), lung function (Chi² = 15.20, df = 2, p = 0.0005), PA infection (Chi²= 11.48, df= 3, p= 0.009), and BMI (Chi²=31.08, df=4, p<0.000) significantly differentiated the probability of survival of CF patients. The shortest life expectancy was observed in patients with a severe type of mutation on both alleles, FEV1% between 40-70%, subjects in whom Pseudomonas culture was extensively drug-resistant or pandrug-resistant, and patients whose BMI was lower than 18.5 kg/m². The period from 30 to 40 years of age was of the most critical in CF adults’ lifespan. Furthermore, most exacerbations occurred between 20 and 35 years of age. Conclusions: All factors included in the study significantly influenced the survival rate of patients with cystic fibrosis. In the face of the growing population of CF patients, the research on factors affecting their life expectancy seems to take on greater importance.
Myoelectric Prosthesis Users and Non-Disabled Individuals Wearing A Simulated Prosthesis Exhibit Similar Compensatory Movement Strategies
Authors: Williams Heather E. , Chapman Craig S. , Pilarski Patrick M. , Vette Albert H. , Hebert Jacqueline S.
Published: December 2020

Background: Research studies on upper limb prosthesis function often rely on the use of simulated myoelectric prostheses (attached to and operated by individuals with intact limbs), primarily to increase participant sample size. However, it is not known if these devices elicit the same movement strategies as myoelectric prostheses (operated by individuals with amputation). The objective of this study was to compare compensatory movement strategies, measured by hand and upper body kinematics, of twelve non-disabled individuals wearing a simulated prosthesis to those of three individuals with transradial amputation using their custom-fitted myoelectric devices. Methods: Motion capture was used to obtain kinematic data as participants performed a standardized functional task. Performance metrics, end effector movements and angular kinematics were analyzed. Results: Results show that participants using a simulated or actual myoelectric prosthesis had similar differences in phase durations, hand velocities, hand trajectories, movement units, grip aperture plateaus, and trunk and shoulder motion when compared to normative behaviour. Conclusions: This study suggests that the use of a simulated device in upper limb research offers a reasonable approximation of compensatory movement strategies employed by a novice to mid-skilled transradial myoelectric prosthesis user.
Anticancer Potential of Ficus religiosa (Linn) Against Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MDA-MB-231 and its Phytoconstituents by HR-LCMS
Authors: Shaikh Ayesha , Patel Muftedar , Padul Manohar
Published: December 2020

Background: Ficus religiosa is widely present in India especially in northern region and has been traditionally used for various indications. We investigated the anticancer potential of leaf extract against human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The anticancer potential was further supported by identifying potential phytoconstituents of the extract by HR-LCMS analysis.Methods: Amongst the collected fractions, subfraction of chloroform was selected for anticancer screening in parallel for identification of phytochemicals by using HR-LCMS. Extract showed positive results in a battery of two tests employed in the current study by using MDA-MB231 breast cancer cell lines. In trypan blue exclusion dye test, 50% of cell killing was observed at 110 µg/ML. In vitro anticancer activity by using SRB assay showed dose dependent growth inhibition at 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 µg/mL concentrations. The parameters LC50, GI and TGI50 found from the assay were 100, 200, 300 µg/mL respectively. Assay parameter In case of HR-LCMS analysis several active phytochemicals were identified in the extract.Results: F. religiosa leaf extract showed promising anticancer activity against human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231. Conclusion: F. religiosa leaf extract has promising anticancer potential against human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and numerous phytochemicals further warrants evaluating it for multi-therapeutic potential.
Comparing Low and High-Temporal Resolution DCE-MRI Texture Analysis for Discrimination of Breast Lesions from Background Enhancement
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Li Jiaying , Qu Jingjing , Tang Rui , Lv Kun , Wang Chundan , Xiao Fengchun , Zhou Jiali , Ge Min , Ding Xuewei , Ding Hong , Wang Shiwei , Xu Maosheng
Published: December 2020

Background

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, high-resolution dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) can better evaluate the tissue microenvironment and texture characteristics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of the texture-based analysis for breast DCE-MRI in the diagnosis of breast lesions and background enhancement.
Methods

This study prospectively enrolled 128 patients with clinically suspected breast lesions in our hospital from April 2015 to June 2017. Among them, 62 patients underwent preoperative high temporal resolution DCE-MRI (1 + 26 phases) scan with 39 malignant and 23 benign lesions. The control group retrospectively and randomly contained 78 patients who underwent preoperative low temporal resolution DCE-MRI (1 + 5 phases) scans with 46 malignant and 32 benign lesions. Quantitative parameters were obtained using a two-compartment Extended Tofts and volume of interest model for the lesion center, surrounding peripheral area and background enhancement, including pharmacokinetic parameters (Ktrans, Kep, Ve and Vp) and texture features based on the Ktrans map. The Student’s t-test was used to compare the differences of means. LASSO was used for dimension reduction and logistic regression analysis was used for model construction. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance.
Results

Pharmacokinetic parameters were significantly different between high temporal resolution and low temporal resolution DCE-MRI (P < 0.05). In the malignant group, the average Ktrans of the lesion area on high temporal resolution DCE-MRI was significantly correlated to the pathological grading (r = 0.400, P = 0.012). In the differentiation between benign and malignant lesions, the ROC analysis demonstrated that the diagnostic value of high temporal resolution DCE-MRI offered slightly significant advantages in the realms of the lesion, peripheral areas and background enhancement.
Conclusions

The use of texture analysis based on high temporal resolution DCE-MRI may potentially improve breast cancer diagnostic performance. Specifically, combining the lesion, peripheral, BE area, and Ktrans-mean parameters can contribute to the diagnosis of breast lesions, background enhancement and the pathological grading of malignant tumors.
The Diagnostic Dilemma of Charcot Foot in 73 Year-Old-Female
Authors: Helena Helena , Rosandi Rulli
Published: December 2020

Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a progressive degenerative arthropathy of weight-bearing joints, which rarely complicates diabetes mellitus, usually in the foot or ankle. Commonly, when affecting the foot, it seems to be determined by the interaction of neuropathy, osteopenia, and proinflammatory cytokines on a calcified peripheral vasculature that maintains its ability to vasodilate despite widespread arteriosclerosis. Although often unrecalled, this arthropathy is probably triggered by trauma. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, given the lack and non-specificity of radiological and biochemical findings at the acute stage. CN should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any diabetic patient presenting with a warm swollen lower extremity. Offloading is essential and improves limb survival. Failure to institute corrective measures at an early stage results in a foot that is prone to deformity, ulceration, amputation, and loss of function. We report a case of Charcot foot in a 73 years old female and review of diagnostic modalities.
Visualizing the thematic structure of MS in Traditional Medicine: A scientometric study (Preprint)
Authors: Tajadini Haleh , Motaghi Najme , Shafiee Kaveh , Sharififar Fariba , Sharififar Fariba , Ansari Mehdi , Sarhadynejad Zarrin , Khazaneha Mahdiyeh , Sharifi Hamid
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system which is the most common non-traumatic disabling disease affecting young adults and with a multifactorial etiology. Besides, a combination of genetic and environmental factors is involved in its development.
Scientometric studies are extensively used for evaluating the executive performance of higher education institutions. These evaluations are especially important to show the effects of scientific products of medical and paramedical sciences in developing countries.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to add to previous analyses and describe the trends in MS research
from three decades, 2004 to 2019 through assessing the medical literature. Additionally, a collaboration network was analyzed to determine the most common process in development of MS research.

METHODS

This research was a descriptive survey with a scientometric approach. The data for the present study were collected from the Web of Science (WoS) and search strategy based on Medical Subject.Heading (MeSH) term. In this research, the data analysis was performed based on collaboration network and theme analysis.

RESULTS

In this study, 223 original articles were collected from 1954 to 2019. Meanwhile, a total of 6024 citations were reported and 27 were represented average h-index. The present study showed that the research conducted in these three periods has led to a more accurate understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with MS. Therapies used to control the MS symptoms are attempts to control the immune system's reactions to control patients' symptoms and to prevent inflammation, demyelination, and eventually neurodegeneration. Oligodendrocytes are myelin-producing cells and play a key role in the pathophysiology of MS.

CONCLUSIONS

Therefore, therapies that can increase the survival of these cells and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells can prevent oligodendrocyte apoptosis, and logically will be used as new therapeutic goals in the future. This trend of MS will be road map in research future.
El archivo joven
Authors: Luna Rodríguez Guadalupe E.
Published: December 2020

Los archivos de arquitectura se diferencian de los otros desde su generación hasta su conservación. Es posible analizar el comportamiento y las posibilidades de colaboración entre diferentes archivos que resguardan acervos físicos de finales del siglo xix y principios del xx con el uso de las herramientas digitales contemporáneas. La generación de conocimiento se relaciona con la posibilidad de visitar los acervos, pero con el uso de la tecnología digital contemporánea la movilidad ya no restringe la investigación. Este cambio en la manera de generar y divulgar el conocimiento modificará inevitablemente la conformación de los archivos futuros, pues los acervos ya no serán seleccionados por su valor, sino que quedarán inmersos en la vastedad del internet esperando a ser encontrados. 
Funciones cognitivas en la descendencia de pacientes con trastorno bipolar I
Authors: Bertieri Arcila Humberto Carlos , Julio De La Rosa Adonilso , Lemos Buitrago Rocío
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Describir las características neuropsicológicas de niños y adolescentes descendientes de padres con antecedentes de TB I,  respecto a la aplicación de una prueba estandarizada de inteligencia.

Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, en donde los autores investigaron  el Coeficiente Intelectual Total; Índice de compresión verbal; Índice de Razonamiento Perceptual; Índice de Memoria de trabajo; Índice de Velocidad de Procesamiento. Se evaluaron  (n=30) descendientes al aplicar varias subpruebas de la Escala de inteligencia de Weschler para niños, (WISC –IV).

Resultados: El Coeficiente Intelectual Total de los participantes con un  63,3% está por debajo del promedio de la curva de distribución normal, según la estandarización del test de inteligencia aplicado. Clasificando la tendencia de la muestra como un promedio normal bajo, en cuanto a la muestra evaluada. Los índices de memoria de trabajo y compresión verbal fueron las funciones cognitivas con puntuaciones más bajas en la muestra.

Discusión: Nuestros hallazgos sugieren un riesgo en hijos de pacientes con TBI, que puede contribuir a un incremento cuantitativo de las alteraciones cognitivas, especialmente el índice de memoria de trabajo y compresión verbal. Estos hallazgos pueden sugerir un posible endofenotipo del TB I y su descendencia, en relación a la presentación temprana de alteraciones cognitivas en este grupo de riesgo. Dichos hijos podrían ser un punto de partida para realizar estudios que determinen predicción y realizar así un abordaje temprano.
Türkiye Üniversitelerinde Alevilikle İlgili Tezler Üzerine Bir İnceleme (1990-20
Authors: Koç Almira
Published: December 2020

Ortaya çıktığı zamanlardan günümüze değin sahip olduğu kültürü, inanış şeklini ve yaşayış tarzını ağırlıklı olarak sözlü kültür aracılığıyla gelecek kuşaklara aktaran Alevi toplumu, sahip olduğu bu özellikler neticesiyle yıllar boyunca çeşitli araştırmacıların ilgisini çekmiştir. Bugün Anadolu’dan, Ortadoğu’ya, Avrupa’dan Amerika’ya dünyanın birçok bölgesine yayılmış olan Alevi kültürünün tarihi incelendiğinde varlıklarını büyük ölçüde Anadolu’da sürdürdükleri görülmektedir. Gerek Türkiye’de gerekse Türkiye dışında birçok araştırmacının ilgisini çeken Alevi kültürü, özellikle sosyal bilimler disiplinleri bağlamında farklı araştırmaların odağında olmuştur. Söz konusu bu çalışmalar başladıkları ilk yıllardan günümüze değin artış göstermiş, disiplinlerarası çalışmalar eşliğinde oldukça çeşitlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de bulunan üniversitelerdeki 1990-2020 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen lisansüstü tez çalışmaları arasından Alevilik ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar; yıllara, illere, çalışılan disiplin ağırlıklarına, kullanılan yöntemlere ve konularına göre incelenmiştir. Söz konusu bu çalışmada yapılan tezler konularına göre genel başlıklar altında sınıflandırılmıştır. 1990-2020 yıllarında gerçekleştirilen Alevilik ile ilgili çalışmalara ait veriler ise grafikler aracılığıyla görselleştirilmiştir. Ardından bu grafikler literatür taraması ile elde edilen veriler ışığında yorumlanmıştır.
Representações sobre práticas religiosas africanas
Authors: Nunes Erivaldo Sales
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo traz algumas reflexões sobre formas de representações oriundas de práticas religiosas africanas, a partir da visão colonial binária “civilizados” e “não civilizados”. As análises recaem a partir de fontes primárias e secundárias. Contamos com etnografias de investigadores portugueses que apresentam em suas narrativas, o lugar e o papel desempenhado por africanos que compartilharam de suas experiências religiosas entre os séculos XVI ao XX. Compreender algumas representações de práticas religiosas africanas, envolvendo categorias tais como, seitas, cosmologia, existência humana, e, por conseguinte, um (ré) conhecimento sobre valores religiosos africanos pautados no princípio da ancestralidade são algumas possibilidades de interpretações presentes em nossas análises.
Finding efficient solutions in the interval multi-objective linear programming models
Authors: Batamiz Aida , Allahdadi Mehdi
Published: December 2020

The aim of our paper is to obtain efficient solutions to the interval multi-objective linear programming (IMOLP) models. In this paper, we propose a new method to determine the efficient solutions in the IMOLP models by using the expected value and variance operators (EVV operators). First, we define concepts of the expected value, variance, and uncertainty distributions, and present some properties of the EVV operators. Then, we introduce the IMOLP model under these operators. An IMOLP model consist of separate ILPs, but using the EVV operators and the uncertainty distributions, it can be converted into the interval linear programming (ILP) models under the EVV operators (EVV-ILP model). We show that optimal solutions of the EEV-ILP model are the efficient solutions of IMOLP models with uncertainty variables. The proposed method, which is called EVV, is not hard to solve. Finally, Monte Carlo simulation is used to show its performance assessment.
Las relaciones Brasil-China en el siglo XXI
Authors: Paulino Luis Antonio
Published: December 2020

En 2020, Brasil celebra 46 años de relaciones diplomáticas con China, pero la historia de las relaciones entre los dos países es mucho más antigua y se remonta al período colonial. Las relaciones oficiales Brasil-China comenzaron a fines del siglo XIX, pero solo en el siglo XX, especialmente después de 1974, cuando los países reanudaron las relaciones diplomáticas, se hicieron más sólidas. Sin embargo, fue recién en el siglo XXI, especialmente después de 2003, que las relaciones bilaterales se intensificaron y alcanzaron el nivel actual de relaciones maduras. En 2018, la elección del presidente Jair Bolsonaro marcó un nuevo punto de inflexión en la historia reciente de las relaciones entre Brasil y China.
Tantangan Dan Peluang Penerapan Kebijakan Mandatory Sertifikasi Halal (Studi Implementasi Uu No. 33 Th. 2014 dan Pp No. 31 Th. 2019)
Authors: Muhamad Muhamad
Published: December 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui peluang dan tantangan dengan adanya penerapan kebijakan mandatory sertifikasi halal setelah pengeluaran UU No.33 Th 2014 dan PP No. 31 Th 2019. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian mixed yaitu penelitian lapangan dan penelitian hukum, dengan pendekatan pendekatan eksploratoris. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik: Wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Data yang dikumpulkan di olah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif dengan tahapan analisis; pemeriksaan Data (editing), penandaan data (coding), dan penyusunan data (constructing/systematizing).   Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  partisipasi pelaku UMKM terkait dengan pelaksanaan kebijakan mandatory sertifikasi halal masih rendah. Kemudian tantangan yang dihadapi UMKM dengan adanya kebijakan mandatori sertifikasi halal, dimulai dari: a) Kebijakan sertifikasi halal memberikan tuntutan bagi pelaku usaha agar produknya tersertifikasi halal; b) Persyaratan kelengkapan dokumen yang harus dilengkapi UMKM; c) Modal yang minim yang dimiliki dan belum beraninya berproyeksi dengan modal pinjaman menjadikan ada ketergantungan pelaku usaha khususnya mikro-kecil kepada pemerintah; d) Proses yang masih manual dan belum menggunakan aplikasi online; e) Pemenuhan kriteria halal terkait bagaimana pelaku usaha mempersiapkan bahan, produk, fasilitas produksi, prosedur tertulis untuk aktivitas kritis, dan kemampuan telusur; f) Masalah dalam internal UMKM termasuk rendahnya SDM yang dimiliki  menjadikan rasa malas dan tidak antusias terhadap kebijakan yang diberlakukan (UMKM kurang tergerak mandiri) dan g) Paradigma pelaku usaha: sertifikasi halal bagi perusahaan yang beromset besar.
Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies of Liquid Phase Adsorption of Methylene Blue Onto Phosphoric Acid Modified Bambaranut Shell
Authors: Olivia Eze Nkechinyere , Adimchinobi Ejimofor Samuel , Uzoma Onuegbu Theresa
Published: December 2020

In view of the global need to curb the effect of contaminants in waste water on our environment, the adsorption potentials of modified carbon from bambaranut (Vigna subterranean) shell was investigated for its efficiency in the removal of methylene blue from waste water. The adsorbent morphology and surface chemistry were established by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) determination and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), as well as other standard laboratory procedures. The prepared material was used for the uptake of MB from aqueous solution in a batch process, using UV spectrophotometer Model 752 at 620nm to analyze for the residual dye concentration. The effect of operational parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration and pH were analyzed to determine the factors controlling the rate of adsorption. Results from the study showed that the active carbon prepared was a porous material, with surface area of 193 m2/g, average pore size of about 10.98nm, and pore volume of 0.530cm3/g. With increase in initial dye concentration from 15mg/l to 75mg/l, a decrease in percent adsorption from 95.4% to 72.19% was observed. Increase in adsorbent dosage (from 0.1g to 0.5g), contact time (from 5 min to 40 min) and pH from 2 to 10 resulted in increase in percent adsorption from 84.03% to 98.83%, 54.24% to 84% and 48.17% to 84.03% respectively. About 98.83% removal of MB dye was achieved after 20 min, at pH of 6, temperature of 27±2oC, 0.5g weight of adsorbent and initial concentration of 60mg/l of 50ml MB dye solution. Langmuir isotherm best fits the equilibrium adsorption data with R2 = 0.996; the adsorption intensity obtained from Freundlich model (n>1) and the energy of adsorption obtained from the D-R model (< 8kJ/mol) suggested that physisorption dominates the adsorption of methylene blue onto the prepared activated carbon. Adsorption kinetic data was best described using Pseudo second order kinetic model (R2 = 0.996), giving equilibrium rate constant (k2) of 7690g mg-1 min-1. The characteristic results showed that bambaranut shell can be employed as an alternative to commercial adsorbents in the removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions and waste water.
Comparative Effects of Different Organic and Inorganic Fertilisers on Soil Fertility, Plant Growth, Soil Microbial Community, and Storage Ability of Lettuce
Authors: El-Mogy Mohamed M. , Abdelaziz Suzy M. , Mahmoud Abdel Wahab M. , Elsayed Tarek R. , Abdel-Kader Noha H. , Mohamed Mohamed I. A.
Published: December 2020

The current study was conducted to assess whether organic fertilisation could replace mineral fertilisation in lettuce production without adverse effects on yield, quality, and postharvest behaviour. The effect of either mineral or organic fertiliser on soil fertility or the microbial community was also studied. Control plots were fertilised with recommended rates of mineral fertiliser (150: 45: 65 kg/ha NPK) and the other treatments were 15 t/ha compost, 10 t/ha rabbit manure, and 10 t/ha chicken manure. Our results indicated that all sources of organic fertiliser significantly increased total nitrogen, organic carbon, total fungi, and bacteria contents of soils compared with mineral fertiliser. Rabbit and chicken manure fertilisers resulted in a significant increase in yield. Compared with conventional fertiliser and other organic treatments, plots receiving rabbit manure showed a lower weight loss and microbial load on fresh lettuce head. Moreover, rabbit manure significantly reduced polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity. Hence, these results suggest that rabbit manure fertiliser could be an alternative to conventional production without significant reduction in yield and with low enzymatic browning and better storability.
Buckling Analysis of Innovative Corrugated Column by using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Rahim Mohd Reyaz Ur , Bharti Prem Kumar
Published: December 2020

Tubular steel structures with slender compression cross-sections are prone to local buckling. In this paper the axial compression is investigation of the innovative fabricated structural steel column consisting of sinusoidal corrugated pattern. When it comes to the design of compressive individuals, buckling is a crucial layout provision. The paper describes the effect of variation in the sectional properties like mean diameter, thickness, amplitude, and frequency of corrugation on the buckling axial load. A quadratic model was developed to correlate the independent variables for maximum buckling load by using central composite design (CCD) method. Subsequently ANOVA, a statistical tool is used to analyse and compare the different combinations and finding the most influential factor on buckling load. Response surface methodology is adopted to review the interaction models between the different combinations.
The Integral Form of the Schur Inequality
Authors: Finta Béla
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper is to show the integral form of the original Schur inequality and to give some applications.
Methods in Complexity Analysis of Discrete Time Signals
Authors: Germán-Salló Zoltán , Germán-Salló Zoltán
Published: December 2020

Discrete time signals carry information about systems and their internal functional mechanisms which characterize their complexity. Complexity measures are strongly related to information content and evaluations have been made on various signals in many ways in last few years. This paper uses information theory estimates of complexity as different types of entropies in order to estimate the complexity of various time discrete synthesized signals. Results show that this kind of indices can be a useful tool in diagnostic, fault detection and further development.
Assessment of dental anxiety and the prevalence of dental caries in a group of 6-9 years old children.
Authors: Vlad Ramona , Stoica Oana Elena , Stoica Alexandra Mihaela , Monea Monica
Published: December 2020

Children`s dental anxiety is responsible for increasing dental health problems, as patients avoid seeking treatment. The aim of our study was to evaluate the level of dental anxiety and its correlation with dental health status in a group of children aged between 6-9 years.

Material and Methods. Our study included 56 children: first, they completed a questionnaire and then the decay-missing-filled teeth index was measured (DMFT).

Results. From a total of 59 children, 29 children had dental anxiety (51.78%) and the prevalence of caries was 69%. The mean and SD for the DMFT index was 1.76+/- 1.54 (2.04 +/- 1.98 for boys and 1.69 +/- 1.72 for girls, with p= 0.0391, p<0.05).

In conclusion, the level of dental anxiety can be reduced by frequent visits to the dental office. A favorable personal experience might help children increasing their confidence for dental treatment. There was a significant negative association between the value of filled teeth and the level of child's anxiety.
Use of discriminant analysis method to identify sex by morphological traits in adult rabbits in Nigeria
Authors: Rotimi Emmanuel Abayomi , Ati Maryam Hassana
Published: December 2020

Sex assessment plays an important role in rabbit production, but it can be very difficult to determine, especially in the young ones. In this study, canonical discriminant analysis was used to determine which of the morphological traits are the most effective in sex determination in rabbits. Data were taken on 160 rabbits and used for this study on body weight (BWG), body length (BDL), ear length (EAL), heart girth (HTG), and abdominal circumference (ABC). The results from the univariate analysis show manifestation of sexual dimorphism with higher values observed in females for all the morphometric measurements. The canonical discriminant analysis revealed that ABC was the most significant morphological trait as a discriminating variable between the sexes in rabbits. The discriminant function, D = – 8.673 + 1.865 BWG + 0.013 BDL + 0.291 EAL – 0.318 HTG + 0.463 ABC, obtained correctly classified 72.5% of individuals of rabbits. In conclusion, the abdominal circumference of the rabbits in a population could be an important tool for the conservation and improvement of the rabbits’ population.
BlockChain Platforms in Financial Services: Current Perspective
Authors: Bringas Pablo Garcia , Pastor-López Iker , Psaila Giuseppe
Published: December 2020

Background

BlockChain technology was invented to support bitcoin, currently the most popular virtual currency.

Objectives

The purpose of this paper is to investigate contemporary BlockChain platforms in financial services.

Methods/Approach

An unstructured literature review has been used.

Results

BlockChain in financial services is mostly associated with bitcoin exchange. However, this is a partial view of both BlockChain technology and its possible adoption for financial services: in fact, many BlockChain platforms are now available and many different financial services can be effectively supported by BlockChain platforms, even though they are not based on virtual-money exchange. Furthermore, people are attracted by the concept of smart contract, i.e., a contract that is automatically executed by computer technology, without human intervention.

Conclusions

The contribution of this paper is twofold: first of all, we introduce the four BlockChain platforms that are now most popular, discussing how they support the smart contract concept; second, we identify some typical categories of financial services, matching each of them with the platform that provides the best support for each category.
Intelligent Personal Assistant in Business-Context: Key-feature Evaluation for User Acceptance
Authors: Hüsson Daniel , Holland Alexander , Sánchez Rocío Arteaga
Published: December 2020

Background

The usage of intelligent personal assistants (IPA), such as Amazon Alexa or Google Assistant is increasing significantly, and voice-interaction is relevant for workflows in a business context.

Objectives

This research aims to determine IPA characteristics to evaluate the usefulness of specific functions in a simulated production system of an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software. A new function called explanation-mode is introduced to the scientific community and business world.

Methods/Approach

As part of a design science research, an artefact, i.e. an add-on for speech-interaction in business software, was developed and evaluated using a survey among ERP users and researchers.

Results

In the area of IPA-features, the search-function and speech input for textual fields were recognised as most useful. The newly introduced feature, the explanation mode, was positively received too. There is no significant correlation between the usefulness of features and participant-characteristics, affinity to technology or previous experience with IPAs in a private context, which is in line with previous studies in the private environment leading to the conclusion that the task attraction is the most important element for usefulness.

Conclusions

Most of the participants agreed that the speech-input is not able to fully substitute standard input devices, such as a keyboard or a mouse, so the IPA is recognised as an addition to traditional input methods. The usefulness is rated high especially for speech-input for long text fields, calling up masks and search-functions.
Molecular Detection and Genetic Analysis of Theileria equi Detected in Apparently Healthy Horses in Nigeria
Authors: Takeet M. I. , Ademola I. O. , Adejinmi J. O. , Mosaku E. I. , Abakpa S. A. V. , Peters S. O.
Published: December 2020

Equine theileriosis, an apicomplexan debilitating tick-borne parasitic disease of horses has caused considerable havoc to equine production all over the world. There is a dearth of information on the molecular characteristic of the parasites, Theileria equi Laveran, 1901, in Nigeria. Thus, in this study microscopy techniques and PCR were used to detect the T. equi of horses in Ogun, Oyo and Lagos States of Nigeria. We also characterized the partial region of 18S ribosomal RNA gene by sequencing and sequences analysis. One hundred and two horses consisting of Argentine 34 (33.3 %), Sudanese 21 (20.6 %) and local breeds 47 (46.1 %) including 2 females and 100 males were randomly sampled from the Polo Clubs in Ibadan, Lagos and from privately owned horse stables in Abeokuta. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein, thin smears were prepared and stained with a field stain. The DNA was extracted from the blood and a partial region of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified. The amplified products were sequenced unidirectionally and subjected to phylogenetic analysis with those sequences obtained from the Gen-Bank. Of the 102 horses tested, 12 (11.7 %) were positive for T. equi by microscopy which included 9 (19.1 %) local breeds, 2 (5.8 %) Argentine breed and 1 (4.8 %) Sudanese breed. In contrast, 7 (6.8 %) were positive by the PCR method; out of which 5 (10.6 %) of these samples were from the local breed of horses while the remaining 2 (5.8 %) were from the Argentine breed. The Packed Cell Volume (PCV) of the infected and non-infected horses did not show any significant (P < 0.05) difference. The sequences lengths obtained were 311 bp and they had 97.43—98.07 % homologies with available sequences in the GenBank. The phylogenetic analysis of the sequences suggested that the strain of T. equi detected in the study area formed a new genotype different from the established genotypes around the world. In conclusion, the prevalence of T. equi was very low in the study area and one strain of the parasite may be in circulation among the studied horses.
Gross Morphology of the Cerebrum and Brainstem of the Adult African Grasscutter (Thryonomys Swinderianus—Temminck, 1827)
Authors: Ibe C. S. , Ikpegbu E. , Ogbonnaya O.
Published: December 2020

In order to meet the increasing protein and income demand in Africa due to the rapid population growth, wildlife, such as the African grasscutter, is currently bred and domesticated as microlivestock. This study is one of the series on the brain morphology of this very large rodent, aimed at providing information that is lacking in the literature. Here, the gross anatomy of the cerebrum and brainstem in nine adult African grasscutters is described. The cerebral cortex was smooth, devoid of gyri and sulci, thus, placing the rodent in the lissencephalic group of mammals. However, blood vessels on the cortex created arterial and venous impressions. The cortex was asymmetrically-tapered oval in shape. The rostral and caudal colliculi were exposed through the cerebral transverse fissure. The rostro-caudal extent of the corpus callosum was from the mid-point of the frontal and parietal lobes, to a point just rostral to the occipital lobe. The rostral colliculi were grossly smaller than the caudal colliculi. The occulomotor and trochlear nerves emerged from the ventral midbrain, rostral to the pons. The pons was exceptionally large; it was pre-trigeminal. On either side of the ventral median fissure of the medulla oblongata were conspicuous pyramids. The trapezoid bodies were also conspicuous. These, and other findings, will be useful in future phylogenetic comparison of rodent brain morphology.
Strengthening Resilience of Lithuania in an Era of Great Power Competition: The Case for Total Defence
Authors: Zdanavičius Liudas , Statkus Nortautas
Published: December 2020

In response to the power redistribution in the international system, the United States prepares for long-term Great power competition. It is aiming at strengthening America's network of alliances and partnerships in order to counter a rising China and revisionist Russia. The other states react to greater or lesser extent to the changing constraints and opportunities in the international system. The article examines how Lithuania, being a small state that belongs to the North Atlantic Alliance, is adapting to these systemic pressures. Current NATO's deterrence posture in the Baltic region is something akin to deterrence by the assured response – NATO is sending a signal that if the Russians attacked, NATO would respond in the Baltics. Lithuania, as well as other Baltic countries, has undertaken many legal, procedural, financial and technical measures to boost resilience and deterrence. However, there are not enough national or NATO military forces that would be able to counter conventional Russian forces deployed in the region. There are challenges such as air defence and control of the Baltic Sea. Also land forces are not present in adequate quantities. As a result, Lithuania has to strengthen its own capabilities with the help of the allied countries. It argued in the article that building up a total defence system in Lithuania would be a right effort in this regard.
Chlamydiae – what’s new?
Authors: Zaręba-Marchewka Kinga , Szymańska-Czerwińska Monika , Niemczuk Krzysztof
Published: December 2020

This paper provides an overview of the current knowledge of chlamydiae. These intracellular microorganisms belonging to the Chlamydiaceae family are widely distributed throughout the world. Constant development of culture-independent approaches for characterisation of microbial genomes enables new discoveries in the field of Chlamydia. The number of new taxa is continuously increasing as well as the range of hosts. New species and genotypes are constantly being discovered, particularly new avian and reptilian agents, which are discussed in this article. Interestingly, wild animals are the main hosts for new Chlamydia species including different species of bird, turtle and snake. The availability of next-generation sequencing opens up a new prospect for research and leads to deeper knowledge of these interesting microorganisms about which much is still to discover.