bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence from neurolinguistic methodologies: Can it actually inform linguistic/language acquisition theories and translate to evidence-based applications?
Authors: Roberts Leah , González Alonso Jorge , Pliatsikas Christos , Rothman Jason
Published: October 2016

This special issue is a testament to the recent burgeoning interest by theoretical linguists, language acquisitionists and teaching practitioners in the neuroscience of language. It offers a highly valuable, state-of-the-art overview of the neurophysiological methods that are currently being applied to questions in the field of second language (L2) acquisition, teaching and processing. Research in the area of neurolinguistics has developed dramatically in the past 20 years, providing a wealth of exciting findings, many of which are discussed in the articles in this issue of the journal. The goal of this commentary is twofold. The first is to critically assess the current state of neurolinguistic data from the point of view of language acquisition and processing – informed by the articles that comprise this special issue and the literature as a whole – pondering how the neuroscience of language/processing might inform us with respect to linguistic and language acquisition theories. The second goal is to offer some links from implications of exploring the first goal towards informing language teachers and the creation of linguistically and neurolinguistically-informed evidence-based pedagogies for non-native language teaching.
Radiofrequency radiation (900 MHz)-induced DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in testicular germ cells in swiss albino mice
Authors: Pandey Neelam , Giri Sarbani , Das Samrat , Upadhaya Puja
Published: October 2016

Even though there are contradictory reports regarding the cellular and molecular changes induced by mobile phone emitted radiofrequency radiation (RFR), the possibility of any biological effect cannot be ruled out. In view of a widespread and extensive use of mobile phones, this study evaluates alterations in male germ cell transformation kinetics following RFR exposure and after recovery. Swiss albino mice were exposed to RFR (900 MHz) for 4 h and 8 h duration per day for 35 days. One group of animals was terminated after the exposure period, while others were kept for an additional 35 days post-exposure. RFR exposure caused depolarization of mitochondrial membranes resulting in destabilized cellular redox homeostasis. Statistically significant increases in the damage index in germ cells and sperm head defects were noted in RFR-exposed animals. Flow cytometric estimation of germ cell subtypes in mice testis revealed 2.5-fold increases in spermatogonial populations with significant decreases in spermatids. Almost fourfold reduction in spermatogonia to spermatid turnover (1C:2C) and three times reduction in primary spermatocyte to spermatid turnover (1C:4C) was found indicating arrest in the premeiotic stage of spermatogenesis, which resulted in loss of post-meiotic germ cells apparent from testis histology and low sperm count in RFR-exposed animals. Histological alterations such as sloughing of immature germ cells into the seminiferous tubule lumen, epithelium depletion and maturation arrest were also observed. However, all these changes showed recovery to varied degrees following the post-exposure period indicating that the adverse effects of RFR on mice germ cells are detrimental but reversible. To conclude, RFR exposure-induced oxidative stress causes DNA damage in germ cells, which alters cell cycle progression leading to low sperm count in mice.
Temperature effect on the tensile behaviors of carbon/polyimide composite laminate
Authors: Li Liang , Jia Purong , Pan Wenge
Published: October 2016

Experimental and numerical investigations were carried out to study the temperature effect on the stiffness, strength, and failure behaviors of carbon/polyimide composite laminates. Both unnotched laminates and open-hole laminates were tested under tension load at three temperatures (room temperature, 200 ℃, and 250 ℃). A three-dimensional finite element analysis was carried out to study the thermomechanical coupling behavior in the notched laminate. The model considers each layer and interface as a single element in the thickness direction so that in-plane stress and interlaminar stress could be analyzed in the model. The stresses around the open-hole changing characteristics with the temperature and tensile loading have been discussed in detail. Failure analysis was carried out to predict the residual strength of the notched laminates at different temperatures. Compared to the experimental data, the numerical results have an excellent agreement.
Optimization of space radiators accounting for variable thermal conductivity and base-to-fin radiation interaction
Authors: Arslanturk Cihat
Published: October 2016

Space radiators used in aerospace applications are required to have a minimum weight, for the desired heat transfer rate. To ensure that the radiator has an optimal geometry, it is important that the heat transfer rate be calculated accurately. To obtain the heat transfer rate from the radiator accurately, the radiative interaction between the fin surface and fin base and the variation of thermal conductivity with temperature should be included in the analysis. Taking into account these two phenomena, this study was conducted in order to explore the optimal dimensions of a space radiator. The dimensionless nonlinear and nonhomogeneous fin equation is solved using the variation of the parameters method for carrying out the required optimization procedure. The optimization results are presented as convenient correlation equations for suitable ranges of problem parameters.
Effect of axial skewed slot casing treatment in a transonic fan
Authors: Khaleghi Hossein
Published: October 2016

This paper reports on a time-accurate numerical investigation of axial-skewed slot casing treatment in a high-speed axial fan. Twenty-two axial and radial skewed slots are placed over the casing of the rotor and choke to stall unsteady computations are conducted. Results show that endwall fluid is absorbed by the slots from the downstream part of the blade passage and is injected to the upstream part with a swirl contrary to the blade rotation. This gives the injected fluid a great circumferential velocity component in the relative frame of reference. The shock is, hence, pushed toward the trailing-edge plane and the pressure difference between the pressure and suction surfaces is reduced. Consequently, the occurrence of the leading-edge vortex spillage, which is believed to be the key to stall initiation for the current rotor, is postponed to lower mass flow rates.
A rare presentation of plasmablastic lymphoma as cutaneous nodules in an immunocompromised patient
Authors: Mani Selvin Sundar Raj , Kodiatte Thomas , Jagannati Manjeera
Published: October 2016

Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare entity accounting for around 2.7% of all AIDS-related lymphomas. The oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract are the most common sites involved. We report a case of a 34-year-old HIV-positive woman with a rare presentation of cutaneous nodules all over the body. Due to overwhelming tumour burden, she developed tumour lysis syndrome during her hospital stay and succumbed to the illness.
The Wisdom to Know the Difference
Authors: Haines Simon J. , Gleeson John , Kuppens Peter , Hollenstein Tom , Ciarrochi Joseph , Labuschagne Izelle , Grace Caitlin , Koval Peter
Published: October 2016

The ability to regulate emotions is central to well-being, but healthy emotion regulation may not merely be about using the “right” strategies. According to the strategy-situation-fit hypothesis, emotion-regulation strategies are conducive to well-being only when used in appropriate contexts. This study is the first to test the strategy-situation-fit hypothesis using ecological momentary assessment of cognitive reappraisal—a putatively adaptive strategy. We expected people who used reappraisal more in uncontrollable situations and less in controllable situations to have greater well-being than people with the opposite pattern of reappraisal use. Healthy participants ( n = 74) completed measures of well-being in the lab and used a smartphone app to report their use of reappraisal and perceived controllability of their environment 10 times a day for 1 week. Results supported the strategy-situation-fit hypothesis. Participants with relatively high well-being used reappraisal more in situations they perceived as lower in controllability and less in situations they perceived as higher in controllability. In contrast, we found little evidence for an association between greater well-being and greater mean use of reappraisal across situations.
Separation – integration – and now …? A historical perspective on the relationship between German management accounting and financial accounting
Authors: Brandau Michael , Endenich Christoph , Luther Robert , Trapp Rouven
Published: October 2016

German accounting has traditionally followed a dual ledger approach with strictly separated internal cost accounting, as the basis for management information, and external financial accounting focusing on creditor protection and based on the commercial law. However, the increased adoption of integrated accounting systems implies a significant change in the relationship between financial and management accounting systems. We use Hegelian dialectic to trace the historical development of German accounting from separated systems and antithetical propositions of full integration, to the emergence of partial integration as the synthesis of this transformation process. The foundation of our paper is a comprehensive analysis of the literature on the relationship between financial and management accounting in Germany. On this basis, we elaborate how financial accounting in Germany has been shaped by its economic context and legislation, and how financial accounting – accompanied by institutional pressures – in turn influenced management accounting. We argue that the changing relationship between management and financial accounting in the German context illustrates how current accounting practice is shaped not only by its environment, but also by its historical path. Based on this reasoning, we discuss several avenues for future research.
Ceritinib: A primer for pharmacists
Authors: Au Trang H , Cavalieri Courtney C , Stenehjem David D
Published: October 2016

Clinical pharmacists are important contributors to the care of patients with cancer; it is therefore critical for oncology clinical pharmacists to stay current with new anticancer therapies. This review summarizes the epidemiology and pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer, including the most common genetic alterations, as well as the mechanism of action, clinical development, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor ceritinib for the treatment of patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive non-small cell lung cancer. Targeted therapies based on the presence of specific mutations are an important development in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. However, acquired resistance to the first anaplastic lymphoma kinase-inhibitor approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, crizotinib, is observed in almost half of patients treated with it. Ceritinib is an oral anaplastic lymphoma kinase-inhibitor that has demonstrated more potent antitumor activity than crizotinib in preclinical models. It was granted accelerated approval in 2014 to treat anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients who have progressed on or are intolerant to crizotinib. Ceritinib represents an important alternative second-line therapy for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer who have traditionally limited treatment options.
Infrastructure Public–Private Partnerships in Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar
Authors: Biygautane Mhamed
Published: October 2016

This article explores the experiences of Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar with infrastructure public–private partnerships (PPPs), and offers new insights into the development of the PPP phenomenon outside of the Western context. It analyzes their approaches to PPPs, including policy frameworks, the rationales for their implementation, and presents a critical examination of PPP projects’ development to date. In contrast to the international trend where PPPs have been used for the objectives of overcoming financial constraints or delivering public infrastructure efficiently, it is argued that PPPs in the three Gulf states are in their infancy, and their use has been restricted to sectors where the governments cannot deliver important projects. The article concludes by identifying the three Gulf states’ future directions in the use of infrastructure PPPs to deliver a broader spectrum of mega-infrastructure projects, particularly in light of dwindling oil revenues.
Battered baby syndrome
Authors: Pooniya Shashank , Lalwani Sanjeev , Madaan Nirupam , Mehta Manju , Bhalla Ashu , Hari Pankaj
Published: October 2016

The problem of battered baby and child abuse is a much underreported condition, easily missed by the attending physician and autopsy surgeon. According to a study by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, India, in 2007, more than two-thirds (69%) of children, particularly in the age group of 5–12 years, faced physical abuse, mostly (89%) by parents. Sexual abuse occurred in over half of them (53%) and every second child faced emotional abuse, mostly by parents (83%). In this presentation, we will be sharing the experience of managing two cases of battered baby syndrome, reported at a tertiary health care centre in India.
Freedom without being: Kant’s corrective as the philosophical crux of Agamben’s ‘Homo Sacer’ series
Authors: Brophy Susan D
Published: October 2016

In Giorgio Agamben’s eyes, Immanuel Kant’s work is the modern philosophical harbinger of the catastrophic ‘state of exception’. By focusing on the latter’s ‘author/subject corrective’ (whereby the individual is both author and subject in relation to law), I make the connection between Agamben and Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason more apparent. In doing so, I show how Kant’s corrective instrumentalises autonomy in such a way that it compromises the validity it seeks to rationalise; it does so by separating the individual from actuality, by ostracising law from political challenge, and by conflating individual and state interests. Taken together, these three undercurrents are defining features of Agamben’s ‘Homo Sacer’ series.
Change in the Distance From the Axillary Nerve to the Glenohumeral Joint With Shoulder External Rotation or Abduction Position
Authors: Simone Juan Pablo , Streubel Philipp N. , Sanchez-Sotelo Joaquin , Steinmann Scott P. , Adams Julie E.
Published: October 2016

Background: This study investigated whether axillary nerve (AN) distance to the inferior border of the humeral head and inferior glenoid would change while placing the glenohumeral joint in different degrees of external rotation and abduction. Methods: A standard deltopectoral approach was performed on 10 fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens. The distance between AN and the inferior border of the humeral head and inferior glenoid while placing the shoulder in 0°, 45°, and 90° of external rotation or abduction was measured. Continuous variables for changes in AN position were compared with paired 2-tailed Student t test. Results: The mean distance between the AN and the humeral head with the shoulder in 0°, 45°, and 90° of external rotation and 0° of abduction was 13.77 mm (SD 4.31), 13.99 mm (SD 4.12), and 16.28 mm (SD 5.40), respectively. The mean distance between the AN and glenoid with the shoulder in 0°, 45°, and 90° of external rotation was 16.33 mm (SD 3.60), 15.60 mm (SD 4.19), and 16.43 (SD 5.35), respectively. The mean distance between the AN and the humeral head with the shoulder in 0°, 45°, and 90° of abduction and 0° of external rotation was 13.76 mm (SD 4.31), 10.68 mm (SD 4.19), and 3.81 mm (SD 3.08), respectively. The mean distance between the AN and glenoid with the shoulder in 0°, 45°, and 90° of abduction was 16.33 mm (SD 3.60), 17.66 mm (SD 5.80), and 12.44 mm (SD 5.57), respectively. Conclusions: The AN position relative to the inferior aspect of the glenohumeral joint does not significantly change despite position of external rotation. Increasing shoulder abduction over 45° decreases the distance from the glenohumeral joint to the AN and should be avoided.
Prevalence and correlates of antipsychotic polypharmacy among outpatients with schizophrenia attending a tertiary psychiatric facility in Nigeria
Authors: Igbinomwanhia Nosa Godwin , Olotu Sunday Osasu , James Bawo Onesirosan
Published: October 2016

Background:

The study aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern and correlates of antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP) among outpatients with schizophrenia attending a tertiary psychiatric facility in Nigeria.

Method:

A cross-sectional study of 250 patients with schizophrenia attending the outpatient clinic of a regional tertiary psychiatric facility in Nigeria was undertaken. They were administered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale and the Liverpool University Side Effects Rating Scale (LUNSERS).

Results:

Of the 250 subjects interviewed, 176 (70.4%) were on APP. APP was significantly associated with higher prescribed chlorpromazine equivalent doses of antipsychotics ( p < 0.001), increased frequency of dosing ( p < 0.001), negative symptoms ( p < 0.01), poorer functioning ( p = 0.04) and greater side-effect burden ( p = 0.04).

Conclusion:

The APP rate reported from this study is high. Clinicians should be mindful of its impact on dosage and side-effect profiles as APP use is associated with negative symptoms and poor psychosocial functioning.
Oxytocin for frontotemporal dementia: a systematic review
Authors: Tampi Rajesh R. , Maksimowski Michael , Ahmed Mohsina , Tampi Deena J.
Published: October 2016

Background:

The aim of this systematic review is to identify published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the use of oxytocin in individuals with frontotemporal dementia (FTD).

Methods:

A literature search was conducted of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Cochrane collaboration databases for RCTs in any language that evaluated the use of oxytocin in individuals with FTD. Bibliographic databases of published articles were also searched for additional studies.

Results:

A total of two RCTs that evaluated the use of oxytocin in individuals with FTD were identified. In one study, the use of oxytocin in individuals with FTD produced a reduction in identification of negative facial expressions (anger and fear) which can be hypothesized to improve trust and increase cooperation in these individuals. Both studies noted oxytocin was well tolerated and showed short term benefits on behavioral symptoms in individuals with FTD.

Conclusions:

Oxytocin appears to improve social aspects of cognition and behavioral symptoms in individuals with FTD and is well tolerated. However, positive data from larger and longer duration RCTs are needed before the routine use of oxytocin in individuals with FTD can be recommended.
Superiority of wall motion score index over left ventricle ejection fraction in predicting cardiovascular events after an acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Jurado-Román Alfonso , Agudo-Quílez Pilar , Rubio-Alonso Belén , Molina Javier , Díaz Belén , García-Tejada Julio , Martín Roberto , Tello Rocío
Published: October 2016

Background:

There are few data on the prognostic significance of the wall motion score index compared with left ventricle ejection fraction after an acute myocardial infarction. Our objective was to compare them after the hyperacute phase.

Methods:

Transthoracic echocardiograms were performed in 352 consecutive patients with myocardial infarction, after the first 48 hours of admission and before hospital discharge (median 56.3 hours (48.2–83.1)). We evaluated the ability of the wall motion score index and left ventricular ejection fraction to predict the combined endpoint (mortality and rehospitalization for heart failure) as a primary objective and the independent events of the combined endpoint as a secondary objective.

Results:

In 80.7% of patients, the wall motion score index was high despite having an ejection fraction >40%. No patient had an ejection fraction <55% with a normal index. After a follow-up of 30.5 months (24.2–49.5), both variables were predictors of the composite endpoint and all-cause mortality ( p<0.0001), although only the wall motion score index was a predictor of readmission for heart failure ( p=0.007). By multivariate analysis, a wall motion score index >1.8 proved to be the most powerful predictor of the composite endpoint (hazard ratio: 8.5; 95% confidence interval 3.7–18.8; p<0.0001). The superiority of the wall motion score index over ejection fraction was especially significant in patients with less myocardial damage (non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, or left ventricle ejection fraction >40%).

Conclusions:

Both variables provide important prognostic information after a myocardial infarction. Beyond the hyperacute phase, wall motion score index is a more powerful prognostic predictor, especially in subgroups with less myocardial damage.
Legal Implications of Physician Investment and Ownership in Health Care Enterprises
Authors: Rose Rachel V. , Kass Joseph S.
Published: October 2016

This article presents a case in which a neurology group practice is considering investing in an imaging center that is owned by nonphysician investors with the aim of referring patients to this imaging center. The article reviews some important legal pitfalls in federal law that physicians must be aware of when considering such an investment and focuses on the general outlines of and exceptions to the Stark Law and the Federal Anti-Kickback Statute.
Imaging of Intracranial Cysts
Authors: Ajtai Bela , Bertelson John A.
Published: October 2016

Purpose of Review: Intracranial cysts are common findings on both CT and MRI. The majority of intracranial cysts are benign and incidental and without clinical significance. However, a minority are due to infectious, neoplastic, or other pathologic processes.

Recent Findings: Neuroimaging, in particular brain MRI, can readily identify intracranial cysts. It can often be difficult to characterize the likely histopathology of intracranial cysts based solely on their signal intensity, even when using contrast. However, with the knowledge that most intracranial cysts occur within a fairly narrow anatomic distribution, a concise and specific differential diagnosis can often be developed based primarily on location. The first location-based question to consider regarding intracranial cysts is whether the lesion is intraaxial or extraaxial. Intraaxial cysts should be further characterized as intraparenchymal or intraventricular, and extraaxial cysts should be identified as either midline or nonmidline. Signal characteristics using CT, MRI, or both can help further characterize the cystic process.

Summary: Neurologists should be familiar with the characteristic patterns of intracranial cysts to distinguish between benign and pathologic processes. A systematic approach to the assessment of intracranial cysts based on location and appearance should greatly narrow the differential diagnosis.
Ultrasound in Neurology
Authors: Tsivgoulis Georgios , Alexandrov Andrei V.
Published: October 2016

Purpose of Review: Low cost, avoidance of irradiation, and high temporal resolution are inherent advantages of ultrasound imaging that translate into multiple clinical uses in many domains of neurology. This article presents clinical uses of ultrasound examination in cerebrovascular, neurodegenerative, and peripheral nervous system diseases.

Recent Findings: Modern treatment and prevention of ischemic stroke rely on prompt diagnosis. Ultrasonography has found a place as a noninvasive screening test and bedside technique that provides estimates of the degree of stenosis as well as hemodynamic and structural information about intracranial and extracranial vessels in real time. Other standard applications of neurosonology include detection of vasospasm in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, selection of appropriate candidates for blood transfusion among patients with sickle cell anemia (primary stroke prevention), right-to-left shunt testing, emboli detection, vasomotor reactivity assessment, and noninvasive confirmation of cerebral circulatory arrest. Improvement in image quality permits novel uses of ultrasonography in neurodegenerative and peripheral nervous system disorders, providing clinically important information that is complementary to the clinical examination and electrophysiology. Transcranial parenchymal sonography may assist in the differential diagnosis of movement disorders, while peripheral nerve ultrasound using high-frequency probes may provide structural information regarding the underlying etiology of entrapment neuropathies.

Summary: The indications for neurosonology are rapidly expanding, increasing its applicability outside the field of cerebrovascular diseases. Ultrasound testing is a noninvasive easily repeatable bedside investigation providing clinically relevant information on a wide spectrum of neurologic disorders.
Imaging of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lin Michelle P. , Liebeskind David S.
Published: October 2016

Purpose of Review: This article provides an overview of cerebrovascular hemodynamics, acute stroke pathophysiology, and collateral circulation, which are pivotal in the modern imaging of ischemic stroke that guides the care of the patient with stroke.

Recent Findings: Neuroimaging provides extensive information on the brain and vascular health. Multimodal CT and MRI delineate the hemodynamics of ischemic stroke that may be used to guide treatment decisions and prognosticate regarding expected outcomes. Mismatch imaging with either CT or MRI may identify patients with salvageable regions who are at risk and likely to benefit from reperfusion therapy, even if they are outside the standard time window. Imaging of collateral circulation and determination of collateral grade may predict greater reperfusion, lower hemorrhage risk, and better functional outcome. Current neuroimaging technology also enables the identification of patients at high risk of hemorrhagic transformation or those who may be harmed by treatment or unlikely to benefit from it.

Summary: This article reviews the use and impact of imaging for the patient with ischemic stroke, emphasizing how imaging builds upon clinical evaluation to establish diagnosis or etiology, reveal key pathophysiology, and guide therapeutic decisions.
Imaging of Spinal Cord Disorders
Authors: Singh Karanbir , Mechtler Laszlo L. , Klein Joshua P.
Published: October 2016

Purpose of Review: Spinal cord disorders are common and can be caused by a myriad of pathologies. Confidently interpreting spine imaging studies is an essential skill for neurologists as many spinal cord disorders can produce significant disability if not diagnosed and treated correctly.

Recent Findings: Advances in imaging have revolutionized the care of patients with spinal cord disorders by allowing noninvasive visualization of normal and abnormal structures.

Summary: This article summarizes the imaging patterns of common spinal cord disorders.
Imaging of Brain Tumors
Authors: Baig Mirza A. , Klein Joshua P. , Mechtler Laszlo L.
Published: October 2016

Purpose of Review: Neuroimaging is an essential tool for the diagnosis and management of brain tumors.

Recent Findings: Advances in neuroimaging have allowed for noninvasive visualization of tumors and have changed how brain tumors are diagnosed and treated. Presurgical planning with the use of functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion tensor MRI helps to preserve eloquent regions of the brain and fiber tracts, thereby decreasing patients’ postsurgical morbidity. With the use of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) filtered phase images, diffusion-weighted studies, and perfusion imaging techniques, deciphering posttreatment effects versus tumor progression can be facilitated.

Summary: With recent advancements and novel approaches, various MRI techniques can be used to help diagnose and assist in presurgical planning and posttreatment management of brain tumors.
Electrospray Ionization–Collision-Induced Dissociation–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Study of Lead Complexes with Deprotonated Nucleobases
Authors: Frańska Magdalena
Published: October 2016

The complexes between the lead cation and deprotonated nucleobases (and deprotonated nucleosides) are studied by using electro–spray ionization–collision-induced dissociation–tandem mass spectrometry. It has been found that the deprotonated N9 atom is not the site of lead cation attachment. In ions [A – H + Pb]+ and [C – H + Pb]+, the lead cation is coordinated by the adenine N1 atom and cytosine N3 atom and interaction between the lead cation and deprotonated amino groups seems very likely. Deprotonated thymine shows a higher affinity toward lead cation than deprotonated uracil. In the lead–nucleoside complexes lead cation interacts with a sugar moiety.
Sequence Protein Identification by Randomized Sequence Database and Transcriptome Mass Spectrometry (SPIDER-TMS): From Manual to Automatic Application of a ‘de Novo Sequencing’ Approach
Authors: Pascale Raffaella , Grossi Gerarda , Cruciani Gabriele , Mecca Giansalvatore , Santoro Donatello , Calace Renzo Sarli , Falabella Patrizia , Bianco Giuliana
Published: October 2016

Sequence protein identification by a randomized sequence database and transcriptome mass spectrometry software package has been developed at the University of Basilicata in Potenza (Italy) and designed to facilitate the determination of the amino acid sequence of a peptide as well as an unequivocal identification of proteins in a high-throughput manner with enormous advantages of time, economical resource and expertise. The software package is a valid tool for the automation of a de novo sequencing approach, overcoming the main limits and a versatile platform useful in the proteomic field for an unequivocal identification of proteins, starting from tandem mass spectrometry data. The strength of this software is that it is a user-friendly and non-statistical approach, so protein identification can be considered unambiguous.
CoNet app: inference of biological association networks using Cytoscape
Authors: Faust Karoline , Raes Jeroen
Published: October 2016

Here we present the Cytoscape app version of our association network inference tool CoNet. Though CoNet was developed with microbial community data from sequencing experiments in mind, it is designed to be generic and can detect associations in any data set where biological entities (such as genes, metabolites or species) have been observed repeatedly. The CoNet app supports Cytoscape 2.x and 3.x and offers a variety of network inference approaches, which can also be combined. Here we briefly describe its main features and illustrate its use on microbial count data obtained by 16S rDNA sequencing of arctic soil samples. The CoNet app is available at: http://apps.cytoscape.org/apps/conet.
Zika antiviral chemotherapy: identification of drugs and promising starting points for drug discovery from an FDA-approved library
Authors: Pascoalino Bruno S. , Courtemanche Gilles , Cordeiro Marli T. , Gil Laura H. V. G. , Freitas-Junior Lucio H.
Published: October 2016

Background

The recent epidemics of Zika virus (ZIKV) implicated it as the cause of serious and potentially lethal congenital conditions such microcephaly and other central nervous system defects, as well as the development of the Guillain-Barré syndrome in otherwise healthy patients. Recent findings showed that anti-Dengue antibodies are capable of amplifying ZIKV infection by a mechanism similar to antibody-dependent enhancement, increasing the severity of the disease. This scenario becomes potentially catastrophic when the global burden of Dengue and the advent of the newly approved anti-Dengue vaccines in the near future are taken into account. Thus, antiviral chemotherapy should be pursued as a priority strategy to control the spread of the virus and prevent the complications associated with Zika.

Methods

Here we describe a fast and reliable cell-based, high-content screening assay for discovery of anti-ZIKV compounds. This methodology has been used to screen the National Institute of Health Clinical Collection compound library, a small collection of FDA-approved drugs.

Results and conclusion

From 725 FDA-approved compounds triaged, 29 (4%) were found to have anti-Zika virus activity, of which 22 had confirmed (76% of confirmation) by dose-response curves. Five candidates presented selective activity against ZIKV infection and replication in a human cell line. These hits have abroad spectrum of chemotypes and therapeutic uses, offering valuable opportunities for selection of leads for antiviral drug discovery.
PRESSURE EFFECT ON POROUS ELEMENTS PERMEABILITY
Authors: Мукутадзе Мурман , Mukutadze Murman
Published: October 2016

In the paper on the basis of nondimensional equations of motion of incompressible lubricant in a working gap and in porous layers of a bearing sleeve there is obtained a calculated model of a radial finite bearing with a double porous insert. A case is consi-dered when a permeability of porous layers on the boundary of gets one value. Lubricant is fed in a radial direction through a hole in a bearing body with subse-quent lubricant filtration through insert pores. As a result of the solution of the problem specified is obtained a field of rates and pressures in porous material and in a lubrication layer. There were determined analytical dependences for the constituents of a vector of a supporting force and a friction moment and also a load factor and a constant of friction were obtained. Besides, is defined a parameter characterizing a relative length of a porous constituent. It is proved that a rational running regime is achieved at the length of a porous constituent equal to 1/6 of a bearing length. The calculated specified models obtained allowed carrying out an analysis and comparison of theoretical results with experimental ones which defined a proximity of a new model to practice.
STRUCTURE FORMATION IN SURFACE LAYERS OF GROUND PARTS IN FRICTION COUPLES DURING THEIR OPERATION
Authors: Суслов Анатолий , Suslov Anatoliy , Бишутин Сергей , Bishutin Sergey , Сакало Владимир , Sakalo Vladimir
Published: October 2016

A surface layer in deformable material is an independent structural level of deformation which plays a significant functional role in a part behavior at the operation of this part. It is conditioned on not only by a certain influence of a surface layer state upon performance of a part, but also by peculiarities of its deformation.

The surface layer deformation gains special significance during friction of mating ground parts. At friction the basic changes of material take place in a thin (up to some micrometers) in a surface layer. The localization of stresses and their pulse character at fricion results in the generation of deformation defects. These defects arising on the surface move then to a certain depth conditioning the development of plastic deformation. The structure and properties of a deformed layer are defined by an initial state of material, conditions of loading, temperature and environment in which a couple of friction operates.

The experimental investigations carried out of the surface layer formation in parts ground revealed various mechanisms of their behavior at friction affecting substantially the wear resistance of parts in couples of friction.

The investigation results allow choosing substantiated scientifically the conditions and modes for finishing friction surfaces ensuring the formation of wear resistant thin nearsurface structures that will increase considerably machinery life and efficiency of technological operations of their finish grinding.
THEORETICAL ANALYTICAL METHOD IN PROBLEM SOLUTION OF LIQUID VACUUM FREEZING IN QUIET STAT
Authors: Лобанов Игорь , Lobanov Igor
Published: October 2016

A generalized closed analytical solution of the problem of a quasi-stationary process in liquid vacuum freezing in a quiet state with regard to the thickness of the frosting layer ξ whereas heretofore numerical solutions of this problem occurred. The advantage of the analytical solutions obtained of the problem of a quasi-stationary vacuum freezing of moisture in a finedispersion state over existing numerical ones consists in the identification of an immanent tie between defining and determined parameters regarding a thickness of the frosting layer ξ. It is also possible to use them directly at the computation without resorting to the help of computers.
EXTENDED ALGORITHM OF AUDIO STREAMS MIXING FOR MULTIPROCESSOR DEVICES IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Authors: Колпаков Александр , Kolpakov Aleksandr , Кропотов Юрий , Kropotov Yuriy
Published: October 2016

In this paper is presented an extended algorithm of audio streams mixing for computations on graphic processors which combines many stages of mixing by means of twopass rendering use which reduces considerably switching time between buffers. By the method of experimental computer com-parative researches was carried out the assessment of the algorithm developed productivity. The results of investigations have shown that the application of the algorithm developed results in computation productivity increase up to six times.
INFORMATION AS INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT
Authors: Ван Чжиюн , Van Chzhiyun
Published: October 2016

The paper deals with the problems of intellectual development of the society expressed in factors of intellectual employment of population in the sphere of science intensive branches of industrial production on the basis of the classification and systematization of information, its transfer connected with functions of management. Factors characterizing distinguishing features of human intelligence to which belong: a working memory structure, prognostication possibility, altruistic help, logic, a multilevel hierarchical system for useful information selection and consciousness are considered.

To date information ties arising between specific people are saturated extremely with communication. In this connection as the bears of displayed objective reality which arises as a result of the interaction of certain sub-groups of persons and also professional communities can be apprehended from the point of the whole mankind.

For the same reason arise regulative functions depending upon this result (in a behavioral reaction to professional activities and decisionmaking of large quantities of people) and practically there are no limits in information conservation by human civilization.
INNOVATIONS IN PROCEDURE OF TRAINING ON ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
Authors: Миролюбова Татьяна , Mirolyubova Tatyana , Леонова Светлана , Leonova Svetlana , Анамова Рушана , Anamova Rushana , Рипецкий Андрей , Ripetskiy Andrey , Хвесюк Татьяна , Khvesyuk Tatyana
Published: October 2016

The necessity of changes in the procedure of teaching the subject “Engineering Graphics” in engineering colleges taking into account current requirements to graduates’ knowledge is substantiated. The innovations in this field are described. By the composite author is developed the didactic material for the course “Engineering Graphics and Descriptive Geome-try” containing tasks for self-dependent work of stu-dents and for a work in a classroom. The structure of didactic material includes some blocks the subjectmatter of which is divided on topics. The didactic material is approved at the teaching of such subjects as “Engineering Graphics”, “Engineering and Computer Graphics”, “Engineering Graphics and Descriptive Geometry” in the Moscow Aircraft Institute (National Research University). The application of the developed didactic material on engineering graphics contributed to the students’ progress improvement and quality increase in mastering teaching material.
OPTIMIZATION OF METHODS FOR OBTAINING INFORMATION IN MANAGEMENT OF PERSONNEL RESOURCES
Authors: Шэнь Юйхун , Shen Yuykhun
Published: October 2016

The paper reports the problems in the management of the selection and personnel resource training at the enterprises of economically developed countries of the East and the West. The Japanese and American approaches to the field of personnel management with the purpose of new models formation for the optimization of a personnel management system at Chinese enterprises are analyzed. The world economic crisis sped up a critical phase in the creation of a new prospection. On the basis of the comparative analysis of existing approaches in the field of personnel resources training management, and also optimizing methods in the management of personnel selection and training there was offered a model for the optimization of a personnel management system at Chinese enterprises. With the purpose of the development of a managerial influence upon personnel selection and training at Chi-nese enterprises were developed basic criteria for estimation. At the same time the decisionmaking oriented towards an enterprise interests must take into account interdependency between a decision made, motivation and estimate of management activity.
Does historical linguistics need the Cognitive Commitment? Prosodic change in East Slavic
Authors: Nesset Tore
Published: October 2016

On the basis of a case study of the so-called jer shift in Slavic, I argue that the Cognitive Commitment is essential for an adequate analysis of language change. While the “social turn” and the “quantitative turn” open up important perspectives and provide new opportunities for cognitive historical linguistics, the Cognitive Commitment remains essential because it facilitates elegant and insightful analyses and paves the way for more general hypotheses about language change. The jer shift is a prosodic change that originated in Late Common Slavic and spread to Old East Slavic in the twelfth century. This sound change involved the lax vowels /ĭ, ŭ/ (often referred to as jers or yers), which either disappeared or merged with /e, o/ depending on the prosodic environment. Contrary to traditional practice, I argue that the jer shift should be analyzed in terms of trochaic feet, i. e., rhythmic groups of two syllables, where the leftmost syllable is prominent. This account is psychologically realistic, as dictated by the Cognitive Commitment, since rhythmic grouping is a fundamental property of human cognition (Nathan 2015. Phonology. In Ewa Dąbrowska & Dagmar Divjak (eds.), Handbook of cognitive linguistics, 253–273. Berlin & Boston: De Gruyter Mouton and Ding et al. 2016. Cortical tracking of hierarchical linguistic structures in connected speech. Nature Neuroscience 19. 158–164). While the Cognitive Commitment is essential for historical linguistics, one important limitation deserves mention. Historical changes such as the jer shift can be represented as “sound laws”, i. e., statements that summarize changes that span over many generations. Such statements are not about processes in the minds of individual speakers or speech communities at any point in time. They are therefore not directly relevant for the Cognitive Commitment, but are nevertheless among the most valuable tools historical linguists have at their disposal.
Typology and the future of Cognitive Linguistics
Authors: Croft William
Published: October 2016

The relationship between typology and Cognitive Linguistics was first posed in the 1980s, in terms of the relationship between Greenbergian universals and the knowledge of the individual speaker. An answer to this question emerges from understanding the role of linguistic variation in language, from occasions of language use to typological diversity. This in turn requires the contribution of discourse analysis, sociolinguistics, and evolutionary historical linguistics as well as typology and Cognitive Linguistics. While Cognitive Linguistics is part of this enterprise, a theory of language that integrates all of these approaches is necessary.
The sociosemiotic commitment
Authors: Geeraerts Dirk
Published: October 2016

Cognitive Linguistics should complement the Cognitive Commitment with a Sociosemiotic Commitment: a commitment to make one’s account of human language accord with the status of language as a social semiotic, i. e., as an intersubjective, historically and socially variable tool, and to base that account on a methodology that likewise transcends the individual. By looking at defining features of Cognitive Linguistics (its cognitive orientation, and its usage-based character), it is argued that the relevance of the Sociosemiotic Commitment derives from the very essence of Cognitive Linguistics.
Sur une conjecture de Breuil–Herzig
Authors: Hauseux Julien
Published: October 2016

Soit G un groupe réductif p-adique de centre connexe et de groupe dérivé simplement connexe.
Nous montrons que certaines “chaînes ” de séries principales de G n’existent pas et nous établissons plusieurs propriétés de la construction

Π
⁢

(
ρ
)

ord

\Pi(\rho)^{\mathrm{ord}}

de Breuil–Herzig.
En particulier, nous obtenons une caractérisation naturelle de cette dernière et nous démontrons une conjecture de Breuil–Herzig.
Pour cela, nous calculons le δ-foncteur

H
∙

⁢

Ord
P

\mathrm{H^{\bullet}Ord}_{P}

des parties ordinaires dérivées d’Emerton relatif à un sous-groupe parabolique P de G sur une série principale.
Nous énonçons une nouvelle conjecture sur les extensions entre représentations lisses modulo p de G obtenues par induction parabolique à partir de représentations supersingulières de sous-groupes de Levi de G et nous la démontrons pour les extensions par une série principale.

Let G be a split p-adic reductive group with connected centre and simply connected derived subgroup. We show that certain “chains” of principal series of G do not exist and we establish several properties of the Breuil–Herzig construction

Π
⁢

(
ρ
)

ord

\Pi(\rho)^{\mathrm{ord}}

. In particular, we obtain a natural characterization of the latter and we prove a conjecture of Breuil–Herzig. In order to do so, we partially compute Emerton’s δ-functor

H
∙

⁢
Ord

P

\operatorname{H^{\bullet}Ord}_{P}

of derived ordinary parts with respect to a parabolic subgroup on a principal series. We formulate a new conjecture on the extensions between smooth mod p representations of G parabolically induced from supersingular representations of Levi subgroups of G and we prove it in the case of extensions by a principal series.
Integrability of continuous bundles
Authors: Luzzatto Stefano , Tureli Sina , War Khadim
Published: October 2016

We give new sufficient conditions for the integrability and unique integrability of continuous
tangent subbundles on manifolds of arbitrary dimension, generalizing Frobenius’ classical theorem for

C
1

{C^{1}}

subbundles. Using these conditions, we derive new criteria
for uniqueness of solutions to ODEs and PDEs and for the integrability of invariant bundles
in dynamical systems. In particular, we give a novel proof of the Stable Manifold Theorem and prove some
integrability results for dynamically defined dominated splittings.