bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survival Decisions and Adaptation Strategies of Small-scale Fishers in the Face of Extreme Weather Impacts in Coastal Areas
Authors: Rahim Abd. , Dwi Hastuti Diah Retno , Ahmadin Ahmadin , Pratama Sari Dewi Agustin , Afandi Muhammad Roestam
Published: January 2025

The survival decision of small-scale fisherman in coastal regions amidst adverse weather conditions is a constant one due to the absence of alternative employment opportunities. Their survival is contingent upon their catches and revenues. Severe weather conditions in coastal regions offer fishermen limited alternatives for making judgments regarding fishing in marine seas. Fishermen must design adaptation methods to address the difficulties and opportunities presented by the detrimental impacts of environmental change in coastal regions. This study employs quantitative methodologies, including surveys and descriptive techniques. A logistic regression model employing maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is utilized to examine the determinants affecting survival decisions during extreme weather events and the adaption tactics of fishermen to such conditions through a SWOT analysis. This study determined that fishing revenue, fishing experience, and programs promoting environmentally responsible fishing gear enhance the likelihood of fishermen's survival decisions under harsh weather circumstances. Fishermen can apply adaptation techniques for extreme weather circumstances by minimizing damages through economic and environmental adjustments, optimizing various government assistance programs, and enhancing patron-client relationships and interaction patterns. Policymakers can enable fishermen's adaptive strategies to develop solutions that assist them in managing harsh weather according to their requirements, capacities, and interests.
The utilization of plants in traditional medicine and rituals of Karimunjawa Island community, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Husain Fadly , Kundi Michael , Abdullah Azlina , Lyndon Novel Anak , Purnomo Arif , Fajar  , Wahidah Baiq Farhatul , Yuniati Eka
Published: January 2025

Ethnobotany research remains important for improving our understanding of the use of plants for health and medicinal purposes in various societies and cultures. This research represents a journey toward exploring and understanding the wealth of traditional medicine knowledge, holistic health services, cultural preservation, and sustainable resource management in coastal communities in the Karimunjawa region. The study employed a qualitative method with a series of data collection techniques including observations, interviews, and documentation. The research findings reveal that there are at least 38 types of plants used as traditional treatment options for individuals and families. The plants include red onion, garlic, aloe vera, galangal, green chiretta, soursop, madeira vine, celery, cinnamon, key lime, coffee, turmeric, java ginger, lemon grass, carrot, aromatic ginger, calabash, moringa, banana, tobacco, rice, sticky rice, pandan, pepper elder, angular winter cherry, betel, guava, saccharum, star gooseberry, hummingbird, Indonesian bay leaf, tamarind, gambier, red ginger and several other endemic materials from the coastal region such as coconut, Surinam cherry, bantigue, and seaweed. The processing methods are still simple, such as boiling, grating, blending, or consuming them fresh. This local knowledge is passed down through generations as a preferred form of traditional medicine which is affordable and easily accessible in the region.
A Systematic Review of the Scientific Literature to Identify Challenges for the Sustainable Development of Seaweed Farming in Indonesia
Authors: Sutrisno Dewayany , Rifaie Farid , Rudiastuti Aninda , Rahadiati Ati , Purwandani Andri , Rahman Arip , Pratama Boby
Published: January 2025

Seaweed aquaculture plays a vital role in the blue economy, contributing to economic growth, enhanced livelihoods, and providing ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling. However, the industry is hindered by several challenges, such as limited species diversity, technological gaps, and competition over marine space. This study aimed to assess the current state, challenges, and prospects of seaweed aquaculture, with a particular emphasis on Indonesia. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, focusing on the development of species diversity, cultivation technologies, and site suitability in Indonesia. The findings reveal that seaweed aquaculture in Indonesia is primarily dominated by species like Kappaphycus alvarezii, Gracilaria sp., and Euchema cottonii. This underscores the necessity for species diversification and the adoption of advanced cultivation technologies. Key areas identified for future research include the optimization of cultivation techniques, expansion of suitable farming areas, and the integration of digital technologies and genetic analysis to boost productivity and sustainability. In addition to technological advancements, socio-economic research on seaweed farming demonstrates its significant contribution to coastal community livelihoods, offering income opportunities and increased resilience. Furthermore, research on strategic planning, biosecurity, and supportive policy frameworks is crucial for the sustainable development of the seaweed aquaculture sector in Indonesia.
Dynamics of systems with varying number of particles: from Liouville equations to general master equations for open systems
Authors: del Razo Mauricio , Delle Site Luigi
Published: January 2025

A varying number of particles is one of the most relevant characteristics of systems of interest in nature and technology, ranging from the exchange of energy and matter with the surrounding environment to the change of particle number through internal dynamics such as reactions. The physico-mathematical modeling of these systems is extremely challenging, with the major difficulty being the time dependence of the number of degrees of freedom and the additional constraint that the increment or reduction of the number and species of particles must not violate basic physical laws. Theoretical models, in such a case, represent the key tool for the design of computational strategies for numerical studies that deliver trustful results. In this manuscript, we review complementary physico-mathematical approaches of varying number of particles inspired by rather different specific numerical goals. As a result of the analysis on the underlying common structure of these models, we propose a unifying master equation for general dynamical systems with varying number of particles. This equation embeds all the previous models and can potentially model a much larger range of complex systems, ranging from molecular to social agent-based dynamics.
Evocações Livres de Mulheres no Pós-Parto Normal:
Authors: Rodrigues Andreia , Santos Souza Simone , Santos Freitas André , Silva Almeida Carina , Silva dos Santos Reis Alaine , Santos da Luz Juliane
Published: January 2025

O artigo aborda a imagem da enfermeira obstétrica a partir do olhar de mulheres que vivenciaram seu cuidado no parto humanizado, utilizando o referencial das representações sociais. A humanização do parto é uma necessidade crescente na saúde pública, e entender as representações sociais das puérperas pode melhorar a qualidade do cuidado oferecido. O objetivo é conhecer as representações sociais das puérperas sobre a enfermeira obstétrica após sua experiência em um Centro de Parto Normal. Com metodologia qualitativa, os dados foram coletados por entrevistas com 78 puérperas de um CPN em Salvador, Bahia, e analisados no software IRAMUTEQ. Os resultados revelam que as representações sociais estão centradas nos eixos "profissional" e "capacitar", destacando a importância do suporte emocional e técnico. As enfermeiras são valorizadas por sua competência e apoio emocional, reforçando a necessidade de políticas de saúde que promovam um parto mais humanizado e centrado na mulher.
Perfil Epidemiológico das Mulheres Vítimas da Violência Sexual, Rio de Janeiro, 2009-2017
Authors: De Mello Melissa Gomes , Da Mota Cristina Portela , Lima da Silva Jorge Luiz , De Souza Kathelin Rayani Carvalho , dos Santos Francisco Antonio da Cruz , Bento Raíla Carvalho
Published: January 2025

Introdução: a violência sexual é universal e está ligada a fatores sociodemográficos, afetando todas as idade, etnias e classes sociais. Objetivo: descrever o perfil das mulheres vítimas da violência sexual notificados no Sinan do Estado do Rio de Janeiro entre 2009 e 2017. Material e Método: estudo observacional, descritivo e retrospectivo com dados secundários do Tabnet Win32 3.0. Analisaram-se a raça/cor, faixa etária da vítima; local de ocorrência; escolaridade e agressor. Resultados: foram encontradas 11.967 notificações. A maioria das vítimas tinha menos de 20 anos, especialmente entre 10 a 14 anos. Predominaram vítimas pardas, e os crimes ocorreram principalmente na residência. Estupro foi relatado em 73,2% das notificações. Agressões foram majoritariamente cometidas por desconhecidos, mas também por amigos/conhecidos (2.384), pais (895) e padrastos (804). Conclusão: a violência sexual deve ser analisada no contexto social em que ocorre.
Palavras-chave: Violência Sexual; Sistemas de Informação em Saúde; Mulheres; Perfil
Game Sense Approach como Modelo de Ensino dos Esportes:
Authors: Fernando Para Asu e Silva Cardoso  , Da Silva Plattner Nicolas , Luiz Gonçalves de Rezende Alexandre , Moura Diego Luz , Chan Vianna Alexandre Jackson
Published: January 2025

A partir da utilização de jogos, o Game Sense Approach (GSA) apresenta um modelo designado para o esporte de rendimento. Por meio de modificações em jogos, o GSA é utilizado para o ensino de diversos esportes coletivos. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a proposta pedagógica do GSA para ensino dos esportes coletivos. Foi feita uma revisão de literatura para analisar os temas em evidência acerca dos artigos que discorrem sobre o GSA. Os artigos analisados apontam o GSA presente no contexto escolar. Por ser um modelo que diverge do padrão, existe resistência pelos mediadores quanto a utilização do GSA. Observa-se que, criado para o esporte de rendimento, o GSA vem ganhando espaço na educação física escolar. O modelo apresenta dilema de dificuldade e oportunidade de ser aplicado em razão da necessidade de maior domínio do mediador na utilização do GSA.
Investigação Qualitativa Etnometodológica: Proposta de Protocolo com Apoio no Modelo Quadripolar de Bruyne, Herman e Schoutheete
Authors: Oliveira Bruno Galisa de , Bizarria Fabiana Pinto de Almeida , Oliveira Marcleide Sampaio
Published: January 2025

No contexto de uma pesquisa dissertativa, observou-se que os estudos sobre a Gestão Por Competências (GpC) no setor público brasileiro utilizam métodos variados, desde abordagens qualitativas à qualitativas, mas percebeu-se o desafio de analisar a GPC no contexto dos Estudos Baseados em Prática (EBP), especialmente em relação à Etnometodologia, em função da dificuldade de encontrar produções nessa direção. Com isso, buscou-se desenvolver uma proposta metodológica, incluindo novas concepções sobre as práticas que contribuam com diferentes análises sobre o fenômeno, com apoio no modelo quadripolar de Bruyne, Herman e Schoutheete. O protocolo foi desenvolvido e aplicado, e encontra-se organizado em quatro polos: epistemológico, morfológico, teórico e técnico. O ‘protocolo’ suscita reflexões, considerando convite à análise e à adaptação, considerando novos estudo etnometodológico guiados por problematizações no campo das práticas sociais.
Long-term Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Staged Hybrid Myocardial Revascularization in Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Shevchenko Yury Leonidovich , Ermakov Dmitry Yuryevich , Borshchev Gleb Gennadievich , Vakhrameeva Anastasia Yuryevna , Ulbashev Daniil Sergeevich
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) remains a critical health concern both in Russia and globally. Surgical interventions, such as Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) and coronary stenting, are commonly used to address IHD. However, in certain cases, single-stage complete revascularization may not be feasible. Hybrid Coronary Revascularization (HCR), a technique combining CABG with subsequent endovascular interventions, offers a potential solution to this challenge.

Purpose

This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of surgical myocardial revascularization using CABG vs. staged HCR.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective, single-center, cohort, non-randomized study included 95 patients with IHD who underwent myocardial revascularization at the Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center between 2017 and 2021. Group I (n=45) consisted of patients who received complete myocardial revascularization through CABG. Group II (n=50) comprised patients who underwent Hybrid Myocardial Revascularization (HMR), with CABG followed by Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). The median interval between CABG and PCI in Group II was 32.1±15.7 days.

Results

Intraoperatively, the total procedure duration significantly differed between the groups, with Group I (CABG) having a mean duration of 242.8±45.9 min compared with 310±55.8 min in Group II (HMR) P<0.001). During the perioperative period, the need for inotropic support differed significantly between the groups (24.4% in group I, 8.0% in group II P=0.028). No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding the length of stay in the intensive care unit, the number of blood transfusions required, or the incidence of Myocardial Infarctions (MI), postoperative bleeding, or strokes. With a mean follow-up period of 755±286 days, the frequency of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACEs) did not differ significantly between the two groups. The rate of Venous Graft Failure (VGF) was also comparable, with 18 cases (22.8%) in Group I and 6 cases (18.8%) in Group II (P=NS). Meanwhile, group II demonstrated a higher incidence of restenosis with 2 cases [10.5%] vs. 10 cases [16.1%], P=0.023) over the 24-month follow-up. Early and long-term postoperative mortality rates were similar between the groups, with no statistically significant differences.

Conclusion

The efficacy and safety of standard CABG with extensive myocardial revascularization possible and the staged hybrid approach are comparable in the surgical treatment of patients with diffuse Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).
Multifaceted Therapeutic Approaches for the Management of Dyspareunia: A Narrative Review
Authors: Rastogi Muskan , Deka Kuldeep , Krishnan K Shyam , Narayan Amitesh , Nayak Megha M , Kumar K Vijaya
Published: January 2025

Background

Dyspareunia is a complex health issue in women and causes an increased risk of sexual dysfunction, relationship conflict, mood disorders, and decreased quality of life. This narrative review aimed to explore the different therapeutic approaches for managing this complex health problem among the women population.

Materials and Methods

Articles published in English in Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and SAGE databases from 2017 to 2023 were searched. Twelve studies with dyspareunia as the primary clinical problem were chosen. The clinical efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training, perineal massage, biofeedback, manual therapy, dilator therapy, extracorporeal shockwave therapy, and visceral manipulation in the management of dyspareunia was evaluated in these articles.

Results

The literature review revealed that diverse interventions offer valuable options for managing dyspareunia, which can be tailored care to the individual patient’s requirement based on clinical evaluation decisions. This study summarized the multi-modal adjuvant therapeutic options for dyspareunia management.

Conclusion

From this review, it could be concluded that there is no consolidated evidence regarding the relative efficacy or effectiveness of various therapeutic interventions for managing dyspareunia. In light of the findings of this review, it could be safely said that a patient-centric eclectic approach incorporating different therapeutic modes will be most appropriate for the management of dyspareunia.
Interrogative clauses with qual 'which': grammatical analysis, and variation between European and Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Móia Telmo
Published: January 2025

This paper discusses the distribution of the interrogative morpheme qual’which’ in direct and indirect questions, considering four main types of syntactic contexts: equative predications (qual [ser NP] ‘which [be NP]’), partitive constructions (qualde NP ‘which of NP’), constructions with adnominal qual (qual N' ‘which N'’), and constructions with qual combined with null nominal forms (qual []N'/deNP ‘which []N'/ofNP’). The prevalence of each construction and of additional grammatical phenomena, such as sluicing, insertion of é queand omission of the second NP in equative constructions, is evaluated using data from extensive corpora of newspaper texts. Aspects of the variation between European Portuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) are also explored in some detail; these involve mainly the use of adnominal qual, a form that is extremely frequent in BP and almost residual in EP, except in direct questions superficially coinciding with the interrogative constituent. The role of three grammatical factors that seem to favour the use of adnominal qual in contemporary EP is also assessed: presence of prepositions in the interrogative constituent, spelling out of alternative answers, and establishment of anaphoric links with preceding nominal expressions. The analyses take into account data from Portuguese literary texts from the 16th to the 20th centuries. The competition between the equivalent forms qual N' and que N' in Brazilian Portuguese is also briefly examined.
Analyzing GPT-4 misinterpretations of russian grammatical constructions
Authors: Plotnikov Timofei
Published: January 2025

Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPTs), which are Large Language Models (LLMs) primarily trained on datasets dominated by English texts, can incorporate inaccuracies into their final outputs. The training data bias presents challenges for accurate performance in non-Roman script languages, such as Russian. Challenges are specifically expected with grammatical constructions in Russian which are colloquial, idiomatic, and non-compositional. Although the empirical investigation reveals that, overall, GPT-4 performs well with the majority of Russian grammatical constructions, it still encounters limitations with low-frequency constructions due to insufficient training data, a lack of context, and the influence of the English language.
Argumentação e Escola Sem Partido: debatendo a factualidade da hegemonia esquerdista
Authors: Silva Lucas Pereira da
Published: January 2025

The Non-Partisan School has been a topic of discussion in the Brazilian media sphere since the early 2000s. Throughout the debate, discussions around certain points of disagreement between what supporters and opponents of ESP considered factual became increasingly relevant, giving rise to subsidiary disputes within the larger debate. In this article, we aim to analyze the dynamics of refutation of one of the problem-framing arguments around the original proposal to implement the NPS. To this end, we draw on discussions of epistemic argumentation (Toulmin, 2006[1958]; Toulmin, Rieke, & Janik, 1984[1978]), practical argumentation (Gonçalves-Segundo, 2023; Fairclough & Fairclough, 2012), argumentative script (da Silva, 2022; da Silva; Gonçalves-Segundo, 2024; Gonçalves-Segundo, 2023, 2024; Plantin, 2008[2005]; Grácio, 2015), argumentative question (Grácio, 2013; Plantin, 2008[2005]; Gonçalves-Segundo, 2020), and subordinate argumen-tative question. For our analysis, we use the reconstruction of two arguments derived from and re-constructed based on excerpts from a set of texts discussing the NPS, which, analytically, allows us to observe the argumentative dynamics of the argumentative script (da Silva, 2022) within the dis-pute. The results indicate a movement towards raising questions about what was originally viewed as uncontested, allowing us to capture how different discursivities view reality based on their value.
Political Communication Contract on Instagram: A Semiolinguistic Analysis
Authors: Pimenta Lidiane Reis Alves , Silva Luciana Soares da
Published: January 2025

This article examines the structure of political discourse conveyed on Instagram to infer how the political communication contract is established on this social network platform. This study is theoretical, methodological, and qualitative and based on concepts of Discourse Analysis developed by Charaudeau (1983) within the framework of his Semiolinguistic Theory. To under-stand the notions of political discourse and political communication contracts with their strate-gies, we rely on Charaudeau (2018). To understand the particularities of Instagram as a device for the creation and dissemination of political discourse, we looked for a theoretical apparatus in the works of Piovezani Filho (2007), Castells (2021), Charaudeau (2018) and Recuero, Bastos and Zago (2020). In this investigation, we found that the political discourse broadcast on Instagram follows the structure of the political communication contract, but due to technological, cultural and social changes, this discourse has transformed to adapt to the characteristics of the web, a space in which fluidity, creativity, and dynamism are valued. This study concludes that Instagram presents itself as a powerful and important device in political strategy that is capable of reaching many users of these networks and potential voters, combining the structuring characteristics of the political com-munication contract with strategies inherent to the webspace, which makes Instagram a permanent platform.
Gestos de leitura do livro-imagem Ida e Volta, de Juarez Machado: movimentando a análise de discurso em práticas escolares
Authors: Raimo Luciana Cristina Ferreira Dias Di , Bicudo Cintia
Published: January 2025

This article discusses reading gestures of picturebooks, grounded in the theoretical and methodological framework of Materialist Discourse Analysis. Understanding that the reader-subject produces meanings while being simultaneously constituted, we propose that reading a pic-turebook goes beyond the apparent notion that this material merely serves to encourage or innovate reading practices. Reading the image mobilizes the emergence of the child reader-subject’s stance towards what is read. The corpus of this study consists of responses and activities derived from a reading practice of the picturebook Ida e Volta (Juarez Machado), followed by the collective producion of a picturebook involving fourth-grade students from an elementary school in northwestern Paraná, Brazil. The analysis results highlight, on one hand, the polysemic nature of the image as students attribute meanings to the book's scenes, and on the other, a relationship of identification with a consumerist discursive formation, echoing meanings related to the tension between care and material loss.
The Effect of Telehealth Based on Symptom Control and Rational Medication Use on Self-Efficacy, Anxiety-Depression, and Symptoms in Male Patients with COPD: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Takmak Şenay , Kuzu Kurban Nevin
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a critical global public health issue, imposing substantial physical, social, and economic burdens due to its symptoms and exacerbations. Telehealth has the potential to be applied for symptom management, monitoring medication adherence, and providing psychological support.
This study was carried out to determine the effect of telehealth based on symptom control and rational medication use on self-efficacy, anxiety-depression, symptoms, walking, and healthcare use outcomes in male patients with COPD.
Methods. A quasi-experimental design was used. The study examined 41 patients with COPD (the intervention group = 20, the control group = 21) treated at the Department of Chest Diseases, Buldan Chest Diseases State Hospital, Denizli, Türkiye. Data were collected at baseline and three months post-intervention using the COPD Self-Efficacy Scale, the COPD Assessment Test, the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, and the Six-Minute Walk Test. All participants received routine care. The patients in the intervention group were provided with a nurse-led program and telehealth for three months.
Results. A comparison of the baseline data for the two groups revealed a statistically significant difference in the incidence of respiratory hospitalizations (p = 0.009). Analysis of covariance adjusted for baseline results revealed statistically significant differences for the weather/environmental effect (p = 0.011) and behavioral risk factors subscales (p = 0.017) of the COPD Self-Efficacy Scale, as well as dyspnea score after the Six-Minute Walk Test (p=0.034) in the intervention group compared to the control group. No significant differences were observed between the groups in anxiety-depression, symptoms, and healthcare use (p > 0.05).
Conclusions. This study demonstrated that telehealth based on symptom control and rational medication use significantly affected post-walking dyspnea and partially improved COPD self-efficacy in male patients with COPD. Incorporating teamwork and device-based monitoring is recommended to enhance the effectiveness of telehealth interventions based on education and monitoring.
Parental control and depressive symptoms in college freshmen with myopia: The mediating role of vision-related life quality (Preprint)
Authors: Dong Xing-Xuan , Liang Gang , Li Dan-Lin , Liu Min-Xin , Yin Zhi-Jian , Li Yue-Zu , Zhang Tianyang , Pan Chen-Wei
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Myopia was considered to be associated with depressive symptoms. Perceived parental control played a critical role in children and adolescents’ mental health, which may be influenced by myopia.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of our study was primarily to explore whether parental control leads to depressive symptoms through vision-related quality of life.

METHODS

This study investigated the mediating role of vision-related life quality between parental control and depressive symptoms among Chinese children and adolescents with myopia. A total of 2014 college freshmen in China were included. Correlation analysis and mediation analysis were conducted. A mediation model was used to assess the potential mechanism of vision-related life quality in the association between parental control and depressive symptoms.

RESULTS

Participants with myopia were less likely to develop depressive symptoms than those without (P = 0.01). Vision-related life quality significantly mediated the relation between parental control and depressive symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS

The current study suggested a pathway of how parental control is associated with depressive symptoms in children and adolescents.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable.
Utilization of Plastic Waste as an Alternative Fuel in Cement Industry for Improved Energy Sustainability
Authors: Bramantiyo Ranoe , Lestianingrum Erna , Cahyono Rochim Bakti
Published: January 2025

The cement industry primarily relies on fossil fuels, particularly coal, which carries a significant environmental impact and constitutes about 30 – 40% of the total production costs per ton of cement. Thus, prioritizing the reduction of both economic expenditure and environmental impact through diverse alternative energy sources becomes a crucial objective in the cement industry. With a target of incorporating 11% alternative fuels by 2025, PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa (ITP) Tbk unit Palimanan Cirebon has adopted plastic waste as an alternative fuel in its production process. This study aims to assess the energy contribution of plastic waste and its economic benefits. Based on 2022 data, the PT. ITP Palimanan unit utilized 796 tons/year of plastic waste as an alternative fuel, reflecting an annual increase of around 241%. The heating value of plastic waste was evaluated at 7234 kcal/kg to ensure the alternative fuel’s quality. Compared to low-grade coal like lignite coal, this plastic waste holds a higher heating value, resulting in additional advantages for the cement factory. Consequently, this program could substitute nearly 24,113 GJ/year of fossil energy. This utilization not only replaces fossil fuels but also combats marine pollution as the waste originates from the north coast of Java. Considering a coal price of approximately 82,767 IDR/GJ, this program can yield savings of almost 1.99 billion/year. Prioritizing process reliability and cement product quality can consistently encourage the development of more environmentally friendly cement products. Additionally, this program addresses society's waste problem by transforming it into a renewable energy source.
Synthesis of Polyglycerol under Superbasic Conditions to Reduce the Severity of the Reaction Conditions
Authors: Suyadi Malikul Mulki Anas , Halim Giovani Andre , Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas , Rizkiana Jenny
Published: January 2025

The increasing biodiesel production in Indonesia will affect the supply of glycerol because it is a by-product of the transesterification reaction. Abundant glycerol can provide added value if further processed into higher-value products such as polyglycerol. Polyglycerol is made from the polymerization of glycerol with the help of an alkaline catalyst, such as KOH, but the temperature and reaction time used are very high and long. Therefore, this study aims to increase the conversion of glycerol by adding DMSO to the glycerol and KOH solution to increase the basicity of the mixture, increase the polymerization rate, and decrease the temperature and reaction time. The conversion of glycerol to polyglycerol with the addition of 10 mL DMSO to the KOH and glycerol mixture, giving a DMSO to KOH-glycerol volume ratio of 1:5, with a reaction time of 2 hours and a reaction temperature of 140-150°C was 77%, compared to without the addition of KOH which required a reaction time of 8 hours and a reaction temperature of 260-280 °C resulting in a glycerol conversion of 99%. Adding DMSO, with constant KOH-glycerol volume, affects the polymerization reaction because compared to adding 5 mL DMSO (volume ratio of 1:10), the resulting glycerol conversion is 16%. For the effect of reaction time on the results of glycerol polymerization, 5 mL DMSO shows that the longer the time, the more polyglycerol formed can depolymerize into short-chain oligomers or back into glycerol. The optimum reaction time for 5 mL DMSO is 6 hours because the glycerol conversion is 63%, producing diglycerol and triglycerol with 30% and 17% selectivities, respectively.
Pengaruh Variasi Ukuran Bulbil terhadap Viabilitas dan Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) pada Tanah Masam
Authors: Ulinuhayani Muhammad , Singgih Bambang , Nurhidayat Setia Permana , Rusdi Nurul , Triono Budi
Published: January 2025

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) merupakan tanaman umbi-umbian yang berpotensi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan komoditas pangan. Jenis ini tumbuh optimal pada tanah humus berpasir dengan pH normal dan kaya akan unsur hara. Sementara, masalah utama kondisi sebagian besar tanah di Indonesia merupakan tanah masam yang kering dan miskin unsur hara. Bibit yang berasal dari umbi bulbil secara ekonomi dianggap menguntungkan karena lebih murah, efisien dan praktis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui viabilitas dan pertumbuhan vegetatif porang dengan berbagai ukuran bulbil yang ditanam pada tanah masam yang telah diberi kapur. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Teracak Lengkap (RKTL) dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang divariasikan adalah bulbil dengan diameter kecil 0,6 - 1,5 cm (1 gr), diameter sedang 1,6 - 2,5 cm (4 gr), dan diameter besar 2,6 - 3,5 cm (10 gr). Media semai berupa tanah yang diambil di sekitar lokasi penelitian dicampur dengan kapur dengan perbandingan tanah: kapur (1:10). Parameter yang diukur adalah viabilitas, pertumbuhan tinggi batang, dan diameter batang. Perhitungan viabilitas dilakukan pada 4 minggu setelah semai sedangkan tinggi dan diameter batang dilakukan pada 9 minggu setelah semai. Variasi ukuran bulbil tidak berpengaruh terhadap viabilitas tanaman porang, namun bulbil dengan ukuran besar cenderung memiliki viabilitas lebih tinggi mencapai nilai 100%. Perlakuan variasi ukuran bulbil berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi dan diameter batang (p<0,05). Umbi besar menghasilkan diameter tinggi dan lebar paling optimal yaitu tanaman kedua memiliki tinggi 62,27 cm dan lebar 1,6 cm sedangkan umbi kecil menghasilkan batang terendah yaitu tinggi 9,2 cm dengan lebar 0,27 cm dengan diameter.
Persuasions in United Nations Climate Change Speeches
Authors: Yang Yueqing
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the persuasive rhetoric used in political speeches at United Nations Climate Change Conferences. It addresses the significant global challenge of climate change and the pivotal role of the United Nations Climate Change Conference (UNCCC) and related events like the United Nations Climate Action Summit and World Earth Day in formulating policies and action plans through international cooperation. The study focuses on the rhetorical techniques employed in these speeches which not only enhance the persuasive impact of the speeches but also contribute to their artistic and expressive quality. Despite extensive research on political speeches within the UN context, there’s a noticeable research gap in examining persuasive rhetoric beyond the UN platform. This paper seeks to bridge this gap by providing a comprehensive analysis of persuasive rhetoric and discourse analysis in political speeches on climate change in various international and national contexts. The methodology includes a thorough review of related literature on rhetoric, communication, discourse analysis, and writing strategies. The study employs qualitative research methods, focusing on discourse and rhetorical analysis of speeches by world leaders from the seven continents at the United Nations Climate Change Conference. The research aims to understand the structures, key elements, and dominant rhetorical appeals used in these speeches. It also seeks to develop an instructional plan to enhance skills in writing persuasive texts, with significant implications for policymakers, communication specialists, and researchers in the field of climate change. In summary, this paper provides valuable insights into the persuasive strategies used in climate change speeches, offering guidance for effective communication and policy-making in addressing the challenges of climate change.
Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan) Cultural Mechanisms of Local Community towards the Food-Based Development in Indonesia (Case of Food Estate Program in Pulang
Authors: Nurleni Evi
Published: January 2025

Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan Province has long been used as an implementation area for economic-based and national food programs. Since 1995, Soeharto's government has achieved rice self-sufficiency with the One Million Hectare Land Project (PLG). Then in 2010 during the administration of Yudhoyono’s government became the target of the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Plus (REDD+) program. The failure of two major projects in this area did not eliminate the appeal of this area, so in 2020/2021, Widodo’s government became the target for food estate development. These three mega projects are very clearly filled with the tug-of-war of national and international interests in this area. The purpose of this study was to determine the cultural mechanisms of local communities in Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan, responding to the food-based development program by the government. The method of this research was The type of research is PRA (participatory rural appraisal). This research was conducted in the villages implementing the 2021 and 2022 food estate programs Belanti Siam and Pantik Village. The data collection techniques were carried out in this research in three ways as follows (1) Literature studies, comprehensive reading of relevant documents and archives at the district level and village level in Pulang Pisau Regency, have been carried out from the proposal until the final report is prepared. (2) Participatory observation or direct fieldwork in 2 villages: Belati Siam and Pantik, Pulang Pisau Regency, was carried out on February 27 and March 14, 2024. (3) Focus group discussions (FGD) with 40 farmers and village officials with 3 researchers and a deep interview of key informants handled with 8 enumerators on March 22-23, 2024. The result of this research was in the implementation of the food estate program, there are challenges in communication and coordination and farmer involvement in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of government food programs. Conclusion and suggestion to realize sustainable food security, requires commitment from the Central and Regional Governments, concrete support from local communities in Pulang Pisau, such as Petan, synergy of local cultural mechanisms in determining regional policies and incentives related to food programs, and adaptation based on local wisdom.
Keywords: Cultural mechanism, local farmers, contesting subjects, contestation, food estate program.
GENDER BIAS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A CRITICAL PERSPECTIVE AND LEGAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Ovilla Bueno Dra. Trilce Fabiola
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming key industries like employment, healthcare, and criminal justice, but it also introduces significant ethical and legal challenges, particularly regarding gender bias. AI systems, often trained on biased historical data, can perpetuate and even amplify existing gender inequalities. This essay examines the legal implications of gender bias in AI, focusing on challenges to anti-discrimination laws, transparency issues, and the need for regulatory oversight. Gender bias in AI arises when systems are trained on datasets that reflect societal inequalities, leading to discriminatory outcomes. This bias is not a technical flaw, but rather a consequence of using data and algorithms that mirror patterns of discrimination. The lack of diversity among AI developers, who are predominantly male, exacerbates this issue by failing to account for the perspectives and needs of women and marginalized groups.
In legal contexts, the use of AI in hiring, criminal justice, and risk assessment raises ethical concerns. AI-driven systems risk reinforcing historical gender biases, which can undermine fairness in decision-making processes. Unchecked, these biases could worsen disparities in critical areas such as recruitment and justice administration, threatening legal protections. A major legal challenge is how AI interacts with existing anti-discrimination laws. To address these challenges, transparency in AI decision-making is essential. Regulatory frameworks must evolve to require regular audits of AI systems and enforce accountability for biased outcomes. Ethical guidelines are insufficient; mandatory legal oversight is needed to ensure AI promotes fairness and inclusivity.
Privilegio cliente-abogado y comunicaciones privadas en el derecho de la competencia en México
Authors: Faya Rodríguez Alejandro
Published: January 2025

La figura de privilegio cliente-abogado y el principio de inviolabilidad de comunicaciones privadas han cobrado gran relevancia en los procedimientos de competencia económica y en las estrategias de defensa de los agentes económicos que se oponen al uso de cierto tipo de evidencia. Si bien se trata de derechos reconocidos por la Constitución, es indispensable entender la naturaleza de cada uno de estos, de tal forma que cumplan su función sin interferir indebidamente en la implementación de medidas de interés público. El presente artículo explora al alcance de cada una de estas figuras y ofrece parámetros encaminados a darles vigencia en el contexto aludido.
Purchased Nationality: A Functional Approach to Address the Risks Associated with its Recognition by Other States and the Exercise of Diplomatic Protection
Authors: Yarahuán Dodero Santiago
Published: January 2025

This paper focuses on reviewing the validity of citizenship by investment programmes with international law. This paper will demonstrate that what the Second Judgement of the Nottebohm Case of the International Court of Justice really intended was to rule against naturalizations granted contrary to the general principle of law prohibiting abuses of rights. Moreover, this paper will provide a functional approach to citizenship by investment programmes that will enable States to attract investors while naturalizing them in accordance with international law, as they will generate significant links, avoiding the risks associated with the recognition of their nationality by other States and within the scope of diplomatic protection.
Fenomenología social y marco normativo de la violencia obstétrica a nivel internacional con especial enfoque en Latinoamérica
Authors: Ales Uría Acevedo María de las Mercedes
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo se propone contribuir en la definición de violencia obstétrica desde el plano sociológico y legal. La hipótesis es que se trata de una forma de violencia de género naturalizada y con insuficiente sanción jurídica, a pesar de poseer un extenso marco normativo para su abordaje. Esto se debe a un proceso de patologización del proceso de gestación y nacimiento; una enajenación del cuerpo femenino,y la pervivencia de patrones psicológicos de maltrato y abuso. La metodología desarrollada es cualitativa, a partir del relevamiento de fuentes normativas y jurisprudencia. Asimismo, se toman contribuciones de disciplina médica, psicológica y sociológica. Con este trabajo se espera visibilizar la faceta jurídica operativa de la violencia obstétrica.
La perspectiva de género como herramienta para juzgar casos de acoso sexual en el trabajo
Authors: Gómez-Cetina Daniela
Published: January 2025

El acoso sexual, además de ser una conducta no deseada en el lugar de trabajo que hace que la víctima se sienta humillada, ofendida e intimidada, constituye una forma de discriminación de género y una forma de violencia específica contra las mujeres. En la actualidad, las víctimas se enfrentan a múltiples dificultades en los procesos judiciales, sobre todo, por la falta de medios probatorios para acreditar estas conductas. Por lo tanto, en este artículo se propone una serie de medidas que pueden aplicar los operadores judiciales para que, a partir de la incorporación de la perspectiva de género, puedan juzgar estos casos al margen de sesgos o estereotipos que impiden la protección de las víctimas; y con ello dar cumplimiento a las obligaciones internacionales adoptadas por el Estado colombiano en materia de igualdad de género.
El trabajo digno: un desafío jurídico para los trabajadores en la economía informal
Authors: Soriano Balderas Abel Neptali
Published: January 2025

El trabajo digno es un principio fundamental en los derechos laborales y humanos, establece que todas las personas tienen derecho a condiciones de trabajo que les permitan vivir con dignidad, independientemente de su ocupación o estatus laboral. Este artículo se enfoca en los desafíos jurídicos que enfrentan los trabajadores en la economía informal, un sector laboral tanto convencional como profesional que opera al margen de las regulaciones gubernamentales y carece de protecciones laborales adecuadas.
DDOS Protection System for Cloud: Architecture and Tool
Authors: Hussain Nasir
Published: January 2025

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, in the realm of cloud computing, have become the most serious threats to
the availability and reliability of services. However, these attacks become the direct cause of the target system slowdown or
shutdown by saturating the servers with a massive amount of traffic. This harms the cloud-based applications' performance. As
cloud infrastructure has become the backbone of every company, the development of effective and scalable DDoS protection
mechanisms to ensure the continuity of services is a must.
This paper gives a clear overview of the architecture and equipment involved in the cloud-based DDoS protection system. We
look at the different layers of protection such as traffic filtering, rate-limiting, anomaly detection, and the application of security
services native to the cloud. Examples of such Web Application Firewalls (WAFs), Content Delivery Networks (CDNs), and
Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM) systems. The architecture employs distributed and multi-layered security solutions
for detecting and mitigating the attack in real-time whilst keeping the legitimate users safe from any effects
Enhancement of Soil Properties through Stabilization with Xanthan Gum and Polypropylene Fiber
Authors: Kumar Er. Rohit
Published: January 2025

This paper consists of experimental investigation on soil with use of Xanthan gum and polypropylene fibre to analyze
its geotechnical behavior. The soil used for the experiments was sourced locally, ensuring its relevance to real-world
applications. The proportions of XG and PF were varied at two levels, 1% and 1.5%, to examine their influence on soil
properties. XG and PF were procured from readily available local markets, emphasizing these materials' cost-effectiveness and
practical applicability for ground improvement. Experiments were further carried out to evaluate the compaction and strength
properties of the soil, including Standard Proctor Tests (SPT), California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests, and Unconfined
Compressive Strength (UCS) tests. All the tests were performed strictly according to the procedures outlined in the Indian
Standard codes, ensuring accuracy and reliability in the experimental results. Results suggested that combined use of Xanthan
gum and polypropylene fibre have significant effects on improving soil strength, stiffness, and compaction behavior, making
them a promising solution for ground improvement applications.
Machine Learning Algorithms for Industrial Defect Detection: Enhancing Product Quality Control
Authors: Venkatalakshmi S
Published: January 2025

This paper explores an advanced solution for enhancing quality control in Printed Circuit Board (PCB)
manufacturing by integrating the YOLO (You Only Look Once) object detection algorithm. The system features a conveyor belt,
DC motors, and a high-resolution camera for real-time identification and localization of defects on moving PCBs. The YOLO
algorithm processes captured images, effectively identifying various flaws such as soldering issues and component
misalignments. Precise control over the inspection process is achieved through seamless integration between the conveyor belt
and DC motors, which improves both the speed and accuracy of defect detection. Upon identifying defects, the system includes a
mechanism to separate defective PCBs from the production line. Defective PCBs are rerouted to a designated area via the
conveyor belt, ensuring that only high-quality PCBs proceed in the manufacturing process. This automated approach reduces
human intervention, significantly enhances production efficiency, lowers manufacturing costs, and improves overall PCB
quality. The proposed system showcases the synergy between cutting-edge image processing technologies and robust mechanical
components, providing a comprehensive solution for defect detection and segregation in PCB manufacturing