bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Locally torsion-free modules
Authors: Jayaram C. , Uğurlu Emel Aslankarayiğit , Tekir Ünsal , Koç Suat
Published: February 2022

Recall that a commutative ring [Formula: see text] is a locally integral domain if its localization [Formula: see text] is an integral domain for each prime ideal [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] Our aim in this paper is to extend the notion of locally integral domains to modules. Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative ring with a unity and [Formula: see text] a nonzero unital [Formula: see text]-module. [Formula: see text] is called a locally torsion-free module if the localization [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is a torsion-free [Formula: see text]-module for each prime ideal [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] In addition to giving many properties of locally torsion-free modules, we use them to characterize Baer modules, torsion free modules, and von Neumann regular rings.
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performances of Graphene Foam/PDMS Force-Sensitive Composites
Authors: Wang Ruirong , Guo Hao , Tang Jun , Liu Jinping , Li Xin , Liu Lishuang
Published: February 2022

In this study, a graphene foam/polydimethylsiloxane (GF/PDMS) force-sensitive composite with excellent electrical, mechanical, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performances was prepared. GF with different contents of graphene was prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and GF/PDMS composites were prepared by vacuum-assisted impregnation. The electrical test and morphology detection indicated good conductivity and flexibility of the proposed composite. Indeed, the GF/PDMS composite with 0.4 wt% graphene had the highest conductivity (4 S cm−1). The EMI shielding performance of the GF/PDMS composite with 0.4 wt% graphene in the X-band was tested and its EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) was 32 dB. After repeated bending for 10000 times, the EMI SE of the proposed composite exhibited negligible changes. The force sensitivity test showed that the sensitivity of the proposed composite was 8.7 KPa−1 under the tensile strain of 30%–50%. Under the pressure of 600–1000 KPa, the sensitivity of the proposed composite was 0.15 KPa−1. Under the stress of 1000 KPa, the EMI shielding coefficient of the proposed composite was 25 dB, which was reduced by 21.9%. The results demonstrated that GF/PDMS with low filler contents (0.4 wt%) exhibited high conductivity (4 S cm−1), high EMI SE (32 dB), and excellent mechanical properties.
Characterization of Stainless-Steel Grids Dedicated to Cost-Effective Metal-Supported IT-SOFC
Authors: Belakry S. , Rolle A. , Capoen E. , Vannier R. N. , Fasquelle D.
Published: February 2022

Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (MS-SOFCs) have gained significant interest due to their potential advantages (low-cost, tolerance to redox and thermal cycling, robust and manufacturing) over conventional fuel cells. This work focuses on studying corrosion and electrical conductivity of porous metallic supports (stainless steel 316L and FeCrAl alloy) under different temperatures and atmospheres considering physical, chemical and electrical characterizations. Within the studied operating temperature range (500 °C–700 °C), the FeCrAl support resists to corrosion under air and H2. At temperatures higher than 700 °C it forms a layer of alumina. The FeCrAl resistivity generally remains stable under H2 and slowly increases under air. In contrast, the 316L support is only stable at 500 °C under air and at 500 °C and 600 °C under H2. Above these temperatures, the 316L support shows severe corrosion. The resistivity is stable up to 600 °C, increases strongly for the support under air and slightly for the support under H2 with the temperature increase.
Clinical Significance of Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes and Ki67 Expression as a Predictive Value for Pathological Complete Response following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in Lebanon
Authors: Atoui Ali , Bou Zerdan Maroun , El Mahmoud Ahmad , Chamseddine Nathalie , Hamad Lina , Assi Hazem I.
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Breast cancer is considered nowadays the most prevalent cancer worldwide. The molecular era has successfully divided breast cancer into subtypes based on the various hormonal receptors. These molecular subtypes play a major role in determining the neoadjuvant chemotherapy to be administered. It was noted that the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with higher achievement of pathological complete response. The aim of the study was to determine the predictive role of breast cancer subtypes in the efficacy and prognosis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens. Methods. Combining dose dense anthracycline-based, regular dose anthracycline-based, and nonanthracycline-based chemotherapy, we observed data from 87 patients with breast cancer who received surgery after administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy at our institution between January 2015 and July 2018. The patients were classified into luminal A, luminal B, HER2 overexpression, and triple negative breast cancer as well as low Ki67 (≤14%) and high Ki67 (>14%) expression groups using immunohistochemistry. Pathologic complete response was the only neoadjuvant chemotherapy outcome parameter. To evaluate variables associated with pathologic complete response, we used univariate analyses followed by multivariate logistic regression. Results. 87 patients with breast cancer were classified into different subtypes according to the 12th St. Gallen International Breast Cancer Conference. The response rate to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was significantly different (

p
=
0.046

) between the subgroups. There were significant correlations between pathological complete response (pCR) and ER status (

p
<
0.0001

), HER2 (

p
=
0.013

), molecular subtypes (

p
=
0.018

), T stage (

p
=
0.024

), N stage before chemotherapy (

p
=
0.04

), and type of chemotherapy (

p
=
0.029

). Luminal B type patients had the lowest pCR, followed by luminal A type patients. Conclusion. Evaluating molecular subtype’s significance in breast cancer prognosis warrants additional studies in our region with extensive data about patient-specific neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens. Our study was able to reproduce results complementary to those present in the literature in other outcomes.
Protective Effect of Kaempferol and Its Nanoparticles on 5‐Fluorouracil‐Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Safarpour Soheila , Pirzadeh Marzieh , Ebrahimpour Anahita , Shirafkan Fatemeh , Madani Fateme , Hosseini Mohammad , Moghadamnia Ali Akbar , Kazemi Sohrab
Published: February 2022

Background. Fluorouracil (5‐FU) is the third most common chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of solid tumors. 5‐FU‐associated cardiotoxicity ranks the second causes of cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapeutic drugs after anthracyclines. Kaempferol (KPF), a common flavonoid, possessing anti‐inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antioxidative properties, and its protective effects on cardiovascular disease has been reported in various studies. The current study is aimed at appraising the effect of KPF and KPF nanoparticles (NPs) on 5‐FU‐induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Methods. Thirty Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups as follows: control, 5‐FU, 5‐FU+10 mg/kg vitamin C, 5‐FU+ 1 mg/kg KPF, and 5‐FU+ 1 mg/kg KPF‐NPs. Cardiotoxicity was induced with an intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 5‐FU (100 mg/kg). The control group received normal saline, and the treatment groups received KPF and KPF‐NPs with an intraperitoneal injection for 14 days. Each heart histopathological lesions were given a score of 0 to 3 in compliance with the articles for statistical analysis. Results. 5‐FU resulted in a significant cardiotoxicity represented by an increase in cardiac enzymes, MDA (malondialdehyde) levels, COX‐2 (cyclooxygenase‐2) expression, and histopathological degenerations. 5‐FU treatment also decreased body weight, TAC (total antioxidant capacity) values, VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) expression, blood cells, and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Treatment with KPF and KPF‐NPs reduced oxidative stress, cardiac enzymes, COX‐2 expression, and VEGF expression. The number of blood cells, Hb levels, and histopathological degenerations, in cardiac tissue also body weight of animals, increased, followed by treatment with KPF and KPF‐NPs. Conclusion. Our results demonstrated that treatment with KPF and KPF‐NPs significantly improved cardiotoxicity induced by 5‐FU in rats.
An Improved Fuzzy Voltage Compensation Control Strategy for Parallel Inverter
Authors: Song Guangyu , Liu Xinghua , Tian Jiaqiang , Wang Peng
Published: February 2022

With the rapid development of microgrids, voltage drop has become one of the focuses on the research of microgrid stability and grid-connected operation. In this article, an improved fuzzy voltage compensation control strategy (FVCC) is proposed to solve the bus voltage drop problem. This method takes the influence of feeder impedance into account, and there is no need to accurately measure the feeder impedance value. Since droop control and feeder impedance can lead to voltage drop and bus voltage instability, fuzzy control is applied to compensate bus voltage. Specifically, aiming at the voltage drop caused by droop control, an adaptive fuzzy controller is designed to automatically find suitable gain parameters to reduce the voltage difference. In addition, bus voltage gain module is added to compensate the voltage consumed by feeder impedance. The compensation only needs to measure the voltage at both ends of the line, without testing the line parameters. Finally, the simulation results show that the control strategy achieves the expected effect.
Deterministic and Stochastic Dynamics of COVID-19: The Case Study of Italy and Spain
Authors: Srivastav Akhil Kumar , Stollenwerk Nico , Aguiar Maíra
Published: February 2022

In December 2019, a severe respiratory syndrome (COVID-19) caused by a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was identified in China and spread rapidly around the globe. COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. With eventually substantial global underestimation, more than 225 million cases were confirmed by the end of August 2021, counting more than 4.5 million deaths. COVID-19 symptoms range from mild (or no symptoms) to severe illness, with disease severity and death occurring according to a hierarchy of risks, with age and preexisting health conditions enhancing the risks of disease severity manifestation. In this paper, a mathematical model for COVID-19 transmission is proposed and analyzed. The model stratifies the studied population into two groups, older and younger. Applied to the COVID-19 outbreaks in Spain and in Italy, we find the disease-free equilibrium and the basic reproduction number for each case study. A sensitivity analysis to identify the key parameters which influence the basic reproduction number, and hence regulate the transmission dynamics of COVID-19, is also performed. Finally, the model is extended to its stochastic counterpart to encapsulate the variation or uncertainty found in the transmissibility of the disease. We observe the variability of the infectious population finding its distribution at a given time, demonstrating that for small populations, stochasticity will play an important role.
Exploring Multiple Application Scenarios of Visual Communication Course Using Deep Learning Under the Digital Twins
Authors: Liu Guan-Chen , Ko Chih-Hsiang
Published: February 2022

The emergence of intelligent technology has brought a particular impact and allows for virtuality-reality interaction in the educational field. In particular, digital twins (DTs) feature virtuality-reality symbiosis, solid virtual simulation, and high real-time interaction. It has also seen extended applications to the field of education. This study optimizes the design of the visual communication (Viscom) course based on the deep learning (DL) algorithm. Firstly, the theory of DL is analyzed following the relevant literature, and the typical DL networks, network structures, and related algorithms are introduced. Secondly, Viscom technology is expounded, and DL technology is applied to the Viscom course. Then, the applicability and feasibility of DL in the Viscom course are analyzed through a questionnaire survey (QS) design by collecting students’ attitudes towards Viscom courses before and after the experiment. After introducing DL into the Viscom course, the results show that students’ learning interest and satisfaction with the practical knowledge mastery have increased. However, the satisfaction with theoretical knowledge mastery before practical courses has decreased; overall, the teaching effect of the Viscom course has been improved. Therefore, the introduction of DL into the DT-enabled Viscom can provide a reference for developing the Viscom course. The research content offers technical support (TS) for integrating DT technology and modern education.
A Numerical Approach for Singularly Perturbed Nonlinear Delay Differential Equations Using a Trigonometric Spline
Authors: Lalu M. , Phaneendra K.
Published: February 2022

In this paper, a computational procedure for solving singularly perturbed nonlinear delay differentiation equations (SPNDDEs) is proposed. Initially, the SPNDDE is reduced into a series of singularly perturbed linear delay differential equations (SPLDDEs) using the quasilinearization technique. A trigonometric spline approach is suggested to solve the sequence of SPLDDEs. Convergence of the method is addressed. The efficiency and applicability of the proposed method are demonstrated by the numerical examples.
A New Probability Model Based on a Coherent System with Applications
Authors: Chesneau Christophe , Bakouch Hassan S. , Para Bilal A. , Poursaeed Mohammad H.
Published: February 2022

The notion of a coherent system allows us to formalize how the random lifetime of the system is connected to the random lifetimes of its components. These connections are also generators of new pliant distributions, being those of various mixes of minimum and maximum of random variables. In this paper, a new four-parameter lifetime probability distribution is introduced by using the notion of a coherent system. Its structural properties are assessed and evaluated, including the analytical study of its main functions, stochastic dominance results, moments, and moment generating function. The proposed distribution, in particular, is proving to be efficient at fitting data with slight negative skewness and platykurtic as well as leptokurtic nature. This is illustrated by the analysis of three relevant real-life data sets, two in reliability and another in production, exhibiting the significance of the introduced model in comparison to various well-known models in statistical literature.
Sublingual Misoprostol versus Oxytocin to Induce Labor in Term Premature Rupture of Membranes in Pregnant Women: A Randomized Single‐Blind Controlled Trial
Authors: Unthanan Suchada , Petcharat Kanyarat , Prommas Sinart , Smanchat Buppa , Bhamarapravatana Kornkarn , Suwannarurk Komsun
Published: February 2022

Objective. The aim of this study was to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes between sublingual misoprostol and oxytocin on stimulating labor in term premature rupture of membranes (PROM) in pregnant women. Materials and method. This randomized single‐blind control trial was conducted at Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital (BAH), Royal Thai Air Force, Bangkok, Thailand, between September 2020 and February 2021. Subjects were term pregnant women who had PROM and came to BAH for delivery. Participants were allocated into study (misoprostol) and control (oxytocin) groups. The study and control groups were, respectively, administered sublingual misoprostol and intravenous oxytocin to induce labor. Induction time and second stage of labor were recorded. Neonatal outcomes and maternal and fetal complications were also recorded and analyzed. Result. A total of 170 women were enrolled and equally divided into study and control groups. Mean maternal age, body mass index, parity, gestational age, and bishop score of both groups were comparable. Induction time of the study group was statistically shorter than the control group (338 and 399 min, respectively). Duration of active phase (450/427 min) and the second stage (19/21 min) of labor between study and control groups were not significantly different. Cesarean section delivery rate of study was lower than the control group (13.3 and 28.8%, p = 0.002). Intrapartum complications, neonatal outcomes, and intra‐ and postpartum complications among both groups were not significantly differentiated. There was no instance of postpartum hemorrhage or uterine rupture in the present study. Conclusion. Induction time and cesarean section rates of sublingual misoprostol group were significantly lower than the intravenous oxytocin group in full‐term PROM pregnancy.
The effects of environmental cues on chorusing onset in a tropical frog assemblage
Authors: Gonzalez Sergio C. , Briggs-Gonzalez Venetia S.
Published: February 2022

There are extensive studies on frog calling behaviours, including the effects of environmental variables, however, there are no known studies to explore the specific proximate cues that stimulate the onset of calling in an individual on a given night. The aim of this study is to identify and quantify the species-specific set of environmental variables that stimulate males to produce mating calls under natural conditions. Call surveys were conducted at an active breeding pond on the edge of Parque Nacional Soberanía, Panama, during the breeding seasons of 2009 and 2010. Observations were made on 20 anuran species at the study site and we examined the onset of calling in nine species that were active and most consistently present during breeding seasons. We used logistic and linear regression models to investigate environmental conditions that affect calling for each species. The initiation of chorusing differed by species and key factors included ambient light, rainfall, and lunar cycle. Our data define the margins of a behavioural-environmental envelope that is species-specific and is not related to calling behaviour itself but is rather defined by physiological constraints related to environmental exposure.
Alloiothucha artocarpi (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) found on jackfruit, Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (Moraceae): first representative of the genus from Laos, and the synonymy of Cetiothucha Drake & Ruhoff
Authors: SOUMA JUN , CHO GEONHO , LEE SEUNGHWAN
Published: February 2022

The lace bug genus Alloiothucha Drake, 1927 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) is recorded from Laos for the first time with the redescription of Alloiothucha artocarpi (Horváth, 1926), which has been originally described from Indonesia (Java Island) in Latin. This species was collected on jackfruit, Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (Moraceae) in Laos, and may represent a pest of potential future concern. An identification key to all described species of Alloiothucha and arguments for a junior synonymy of Cetiothucha is presented: Alloiothucha Drake, 1927 = Cetiothucha Drake & Ruhoff, 1965, syn. nov. Two new combinations are proposed: Alloiothucha constanti (Guilbert, Pham & Soulier-Perkins, 2018), comb. nov. and Alloiothucha physalia (Drake & Ruhoff, 1965), comb. nov. from Cetiothucha.
First record of Dissomphalus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) from Russia, with description of a new species
Authors: FADEEV KIRILL I.
Published: February 2022

Thе genus Dissomphalus Ashmead is recorded from Russia for the first time. The new species Dissomphalus oksanae sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on males from Krasnodar Territory of Russia. This is the first record of the Western Palaearctic Dissomphalus based on males.
Two new species of Elachistocleis Parker, 1927 (Anura: Microhylidae: Gastrophryninae) from Colombia
Authors: ACOSTA-GALVIS ANDRÉS R. , TONINI JOÃO F. R. , DE SÁ RAFAEL O.
Published: February 2022

The genus Elachistocleis consists of small to medium size species of Neotropical microhylids. It is the second largest genus of New World microhylids and an important component of the anuran diversity in the Neotropical region. Herein, based on morphological, acoustical, and molecular evidence, we describe two new species and their advertisement calls. The new species have reticulated venter and inhabit the Orinoco basin of Colombia.
Structural, Morphological and Optical Behavior of Green Synthesized NiO Nanoparticle for Methylene Blue Photo-Degradation
Authors: Alanazi Hamdah S. , Alotaibi Hanan , AL-Shehri Hamza S. , Alharthi Fahad A.
Published: February 2022

Green synthesis methodology was used in this report to prepare the NiO nanoparticle for methylene blue (MB) dye photodegradation reaction. Various analytical performances were used to determine the physiochemical performance of the prepared NiO nanoparticle. The NiO nanoparticle has particle range of 20—30 nm with energy gap of 3.38 eV. The degradation efficiency against MB dye was evaluated and degradation under various environmental conditions were studied. The elemental scavenging test was conducted to understand the possible reaction mechanism for MB degradation reaction. As a result, we believe that this green synthesis NiO can open up new avenues for photocatalytic preparation and environmental remediation.
Microstructural Evolution and Biocompatibility of Porous and Low-Cost Ti–MO and Ti–Mo–Fe Alloys
Authors: Liu Bowen , Wang Zhengyi , Liu Feng , Xiu Zhimeng , Zhang Mu , Zhang Yang
Published: February 2022

This work investigated the enhancement of mechanical properties and anticorrosion resistance for one of the most used biomaterials, titanium-based alloy. The β-stabilizing elements Fe and Mo, which have good biocompatibility, are selected as alloying elements. The mechanical
alloying method is firstly used to solve the problem of slow Mo diffusion and the formation of Ti-Mo alloy instead of solid solution. And then powder metallurgy technology is selected to prepare Ti–Mo and Ti–Mo–Fe biomaterials to tune the composition. The microstructure,
phase composition, mechanical properties and anticorrosion resistance of the alloys were surveyed by optical microscope, XRD, macro- and micro-hardness tester and artificial body fluids in vitro experiment. The micrograph revealed that the Mo content plays a prominent role in the variation
of microstructure of Ti–Mo and Ti–Mo–Fe alloys. And changing the β-phase will also affect the porosity and density of alloys. Artificial body fluids in vitro experiments show that Mo alloy element can enhance the corrosion resistance. But Fe element has
an adverse impact on the corrosion resistance of alloys. The overall results show that the mechanical properties of the Ti–Mo and Ti–Mo–Fe alloys are greatly affected by the percentage of β-phase. By comparing the patterns of microstructure, it concludes that
element of βstabilizing Mo can significantly increase the content of βTi alloy phase and the weak β-stabilizing Fe element can also promote the formation of β phase.
A Ferromagnetic Resonance Temperature Measurement Method Based on Sweep Frequency Technique
Authors: Su Ri-Jian , Wang Ya-Bin , Yu Li-Hong , Tang Hao , Du Zhong-Zhou , Zhang Qiu-Wen
Published: February 2022

The ferromagnetic resonance frequency of the ferromagnetic nanoparticles has a strong temperature dependency. The frequency sweep method is a standard method to measure frequency accurately in the available technology. Based on the free energy of the spin system of single-domain ferromagnetic
nanoparticles with uniaxial anisotropy, we establish a relationship model between ferromagnetic resonance frequency and temperature under the ferromagnetic resonance condition. And this model is simulated by the frequency sweep method in the temperature range of 0–60 °C, which proves
that it is practicable.
Analysis of Inductor Peak Current Based on the Quadratic Buck-Boost Converter with Switched Inductor Network in the Entire Dynamic Range
Authors: Zhu Gao-Zhong , Liu Shu-Lin , Wang Bin
Published: February 2022

According to the working principle of the proposed quadratic Buck-Boost Converter with Switched Inductor Network, the converter is divided into continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) according to whether the minimum current flowing through the inductor
L3 is equal to zero. Subsequently, the inductor peak current in the two modes are derived. Based on the quadratic Buck-Boost Converters with Switched Inductor Network, a entire dynamic range inductor peak current analysis method is proposed within a given input voltage and
load range. Meanwhile, In terms of different value ranges of the inductor L3, the working area of the converter is divided into three parts, and the maximum inductor peak current in the three working conditions are compared. By analyzing the relationship between the maximum
inductor peak current and the value of the inductor L3, it is concluded that L3 = L3CA is the critical inductance at which the maximum inductor peak current of the converter reaches the minimum in the entire dynamic range. Finally,
the experimental results demonstrate the reasonability and correctness of the proposed theoretical analysis.
An Improved Navigation Method of Inertial Navigation System for Three-Dimensional Positioning
Authors: Meng Yujing , Zhao Liying , Guo Shuli , Zhang Lintong
Published: February 2022

An inertial navigation system (INS) that uses portable and service inertial measurement units (IMUs) can potentially obtain two-dimensional (2D) trajectories of pedestrians. The use of updated algorithms is useful in reducing drift accumulation errors of inertial sensors. This paper
introduces an improved navigation technique based on the zero-velocity update (ZUPT) method in order to measure the displacement length. Meanwhile, the zero-height update (ZHUPT) and the modified heuristic drift reduction (HDR) methods are adopted to decrease measurement error within a 2D
plane. Experimental results indicate that the navigation errors of 2D trajectories are below 2%. Furthermore, a height update method has been proposed for three-dimensional (3D) navigation that uses the actual slope angle of the stairs and can restrain the height divergence. The terminal height
error accounts for 1.28% of the total altitude variation.
Study on the Dynamic Modeling for Free Beam Structure Based on Parameter Identification
Authors: Zhang Yun-He , Zhang Fa-Ping , Wang Wu-Hong , Meng Fan-Jun , Zhang Da-Shun
Published: February 2022

To improve the tank aiming accuracy, this paper studies on the nonlinear vibration characteristics caused by the clearance between the barrel and lining. Based on the parameter identification, a free beam modeling method with clearance is proposed. Firstly, based on the Hamilton principle
and hypothesis mode method, the free beam dynamic model framework with clearance is established. Secondly, the clearance time-varying stiffness and damping are obtained by the wavelet identification method from experimental data. Hence, the clearance dynamic model is established to describe
the nonlinear dynamic behavior accurately. Finally, based on the similarity theory, the scaled model is used to verify the modeling method effectiveness by evaluating the frequency response function (FRF) error between the proposed model and test model. The results show that the FRF relative
error is less than 2% between the measured and simulated value based on time-varying parameters, the coincidence index is more than 85%, under the 95% confidence index. It is proved that the dynamic modeling method could improve the barrel-lining dynamic model accuracy effectively with the
clearance factor.
Self-Healing Behaviors of Core–Shell-Structured Microcapsules Cement-Based Materials Immobilized with Microbes by Expanded Perlite
Authors: Meng Haining , Lu Xiaojun , Hussain Shahid , Shaheen Asma , Liu Guiwu
Published: February 2022

To improve the weather resistance of Bacillus mucilaginous L3 in cement-based materials, we used the expanded perlite as an immobilization carrier of B. mucilaginous L3, and prepared core–shell-structured microcapsules using a metakaolin-sodium silicate mixed solution
as the coating shell. Such immobilization by microcapsules can ensure the high weather resistance of B. mucilaginous L3 in cement-based materials, and was characterized by relevant methods. The cement-based materials containing self-healing microcapsules demonstrated high weather resistance,
and can heal the largest cracks width of 0.85 mm. The expanded perlite offered the microbes with attachment sites and a survival and protection space. The self-healing grains coated with high-activity metakaolin can contact well with the substrate in the concrete, which showed excellent integrity.
The minerals separated out by the self-healing microbes were high-purity calcite-like calcium carbonate and exhibited high healing ability.
Halbach Square Array Structure for Optimizing Magnetic Adsorption
Authors: Fang Haifeng , Liu Tianpeng , Chen Jin , Zhou Yuankai
Published: February 2022

To realize reliable adsorption and flexible walking on ships by a multitrack integrated mobile wall-climbing robot, a magnetic adsorption wall-climbing robot is proposed. First, key technologies such as adsorption based on Halbach square arrays are studied. Second, the mathematical
model and numerical analysis of the Halbach array are established by the Fourier series method, and adsorption units with different magnetic circuits are compared and analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for the ideal design of adsorption. Finally, the influence of each parameter of the
Halbach square array of magnetic adsorption is analyzed by numerical simulation and finite analysis, and the size parameters of the Halbach square array are optimized based on a multi-Island genetic algorithm. The magnetic adsorption volume is nearly double compared to that before optimization.
The results prove that the magnetic adsorption of the Halbach square array has significant advantages.
Mechanism of Ionization Damage in Large Eight-Transistor Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Color Image Sensors
Authors: Feng Jie , Fu Jing , Li Yu-Dong , Wen Lin , Guo Qi
Published: February 2022

To study the degradation of remote-sensing cameras in terms of responsivity, dynamic range, and imaging performance due to exposure to space radiation, a γ-irradiation experiment was performed on a large eighttransistor (8T) complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor
(CMOS) color image sensor. An in-depth investigation was thus conducted on the mechanisms by which ionization damage degrades radiation-sensitive parameters (i.e., dark current, dark signal non-uniformity, output signal, saturated output, and responsivity) of an image sensor, in its red, green,
and blue channels. The findings of this study will serve as a theoretical and technical basis for the design of large radiation-hardened 8T-CMOS image sensors for space-based remote-sensing satellites.
Preparation and Microstructure Analysis of Continuous Unidirectional Solidification Cu–P–Sn Alloy
Authors: Qu Xinghong , Zeng Hongxue , Xu Dong
Published: February 2022

Cu–10% P–6% Sn alloy rods with columnar crystal structure were synthesized in this study utilizing Cu–10% P–6% Sn alloy as the starting material. Continuous directional solidification was used to produce Cu–10% P–6% Sn (mass percentage) alloy rods with a diameter of 8 mm, and the heat treatment procedure was arried out under the condition of cast alloy. Optical microscopy and field emission scanning microscopy were then used to investigate the microstructure of the cast alloy. The impact of heat treatment on microstructure evolution was also investigated. The microstructure of a Cu–10% P–6% Sn alloy produced by continuous directed solidification had a Cu-rich dendritic structure, and the second phase structure was linear or spherical, according to the findings.
The Slow Path to Therapeutic Adherence
Authors: Ferrara Francesco , Nava Livia , Trama Ugo , Nava Eduardo , Vitiello Antonio
Published: February 2022

The therapeutic adherence to drug therapies is a crucial aspect for the proper management of chronicity. Over time, we are witnessing the evolution of the concept of adherence: today the patient must play an increasingly active role in the entire process in order for the pharmacological therapy to be fully successful. Poor therapeutic adherence can cause a bad success of the treatment path and, at the same time, lead to higher expenses. In this regard, it is necessary that each health company must undertake dedicated and organized paths. At the Asl Napoli 3 Sud an analysis of adherence in the year 2020 was carried out regarding the major pharmacological classes prescribed: anti-hypertensives, antidepressants, statins, anti-diabetes, and drugs for bpco and osteoporosis. The results show a very poor adherence where, at best, we have an adherence of about 50% of the therapies dispensed. This analysis shows how it is necessary to share actions with doctors and patients themselves to try to stem this phenomenon that is harmful both therapeutically and economically. Thus, it becomes essential to search for possible strategies for improvement and include them in the Diagnostic-Therapeutic-Assistance Pathways (PDTA).
Meta-Analyses of Reading Intervention Studies Including Students With Learning Disabilities: A Methodological Review
Authors: King Seth , Wang Lanqi , Datchuk Shawn M. , Rodgers Derek B.
Published: February 2022

Learning disabilities (LD) may affect a range of academic skills but are most often observed in reading. Researchers and policymakers increasingly recommend addressing reading difficulties encountered by students with LD using evidence-based practices, or interventions validated through multiple, high-quality research studies. A valuable tool in identifying evidence-based practices is the meta-analysis, which entails statistically aggregating the results obtained through primary studies. Specific methods used in meta-analyses have the potential to influence their findings, with ramifications for research and practice. This review assessed the methodological features of the systematic reviews and analytic procedures featured in meta-analyses of reading intervention studies that included students with LD written between 2000 and 2020. Identified articles ( N = 23) suggest that meta-analyses have become more prevalent and transparent over time, notwithstanding issues related to publication bias and the opacity of coding procedures. A discussion of implications follows a description of results.
Scrub Typhus and its co-infection with Leptospirosis at a tertiary care hospital in Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Husain Uneza , Kalyan Raj Kumar , Jahan Asmat , Gupta Kamlesh Kumar , Verma Sanjeev Kumar
Published: February 2022

The diagnosis of Scrub Typhus is now improving with the availability of an array of serological tests at the majority of diagnostic centres and of molecular tests at advanced laboratories. Our study focuses on evaluating the spectrum of Scrub Typhus and its coinfection with Leptospirosis in patients presenting with acute febrile illness. A total of 1743 blood samples were collected from both In and Out Patient Department (OPD) patients and analyzed for anti Orientia tsutsugamushi and anti- Leptospira IgM antibodies. Our study showed the presence of Scrub Typhus IgM antibodies in 20.7% of all the cases of acute febrile illness. We also found an interesting correlation of Scrub Typhus with Leptospirosis owing to the presence of co-infection in 8.4% of Scrub Typhus cases paving a way for future research in this regard.
Dependency Theory and the Critique of Neodevelopmentalism in Latin America
Authors: Treacy Mariano
Published: February 2022

A number of writers have pointed to the importance of recovering aspects of dependency theory to explain the persistence of Latin American underdevelopment after 40 years of neoliberal hegemony and profound change and crisis in the world economy. Just as dependency theory emerged in the 1960s in response to attempts to achieve development in Latin America through neodevelopmentalist projects, its reappearance represents a challenge to the development model and a theoretical and political necessity. In light of the resurgence of neodevelopmentalism and prospects for progress and economic development led by the state through economic growth with social inclusion, dependency theory allows the evaluation of the potentialities, tensions, and limitations of this type of project.

Diversos autores han señalado la importancia de recuperar aspectos de los análisis de la teoría de la dependencia para poder explicar la persistencia del subdesarrollo latinoamericano luego de 40 años de hegemonía neoliberal y de fuertes transformaciones y crisis de la economía mundial. Así como en los años ’60 la teoría de la dependencia surgió como una objeción a los intentos desarrollistas de alcanzar el desarrollo en Latinoamérica, con proyectos neodesarrollistas el resurgimiento de los enfoques dependentistas representa a la vez una impugnación al modelo de desarrollo y una necesidad teórica y política. Frente al surgimiento del neodesarrollismo y de perspectivas de progreso y de desarrollo económico dirigido desde el estado a través del crecimiento económico con inclusión social, la teoría de la dependencia permite evaluar las potencialidades, tensiones y limitaciones de este tipo de proyecto.
Using Chained or Tandem Schedules With Functional Communication Training: A Systematic Review
Authors: Torelli Jessica N. , Pickren Sage E.
Published: February 2022

Chained and tandem schedules are a common method for thinning schedules of reinforcement following functional communication training (FCT) in the treatment of problem behavior. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of chained and tandem schedules following FCT to describe treatment characteristics and evaluate effects. We identified 38 articles and found reductions in problem behavior across four measures. Results of a random-effects multilevel meta-analysis of rigorous evaluations showed a significant effect of chained or tandem schedules + FCT on problem behavior relative to baseline. We observed resurgence in 77% of cases and 31% of schedule-thinning transitions. Results showed chained schedules resulted in greater reductions in problem behavior relative to tandem schedules. Exploratory moderator analyses suggested extinction, combined reinforcement, and delay and denial tolerance training procedures were associated with greater reductions in problem behavior relative to other treatment characteristics. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Scale Linking for the Testlet Item Response Theory Model
Authors: Kim Seonghoon , Kolen Michael J.
Published: February 2022

In their 2005 paper, Li and her colleagues proposed a test response function (TRF) linking method for a two-parameter testlet model and used a genetic algorithm to find minimization solutions for the linking coefficients. In the present paper the linking task for a three-parameter testlet model is formulated from the perspective of bi-factor modeling, and three linking methods for the model are presented: the TRF, mean/least squares (MLS), and item response function (IRF) methods. Simulations are conducted to compare the TRF method using a genetic algorithm with the TRF and IRF methods using a quasi-Newton algorithm and the MLS method. The results indicate that the IRF, MLS, and TRF methods perform very well, well, and poorly, respectively, in estimating the linking coefficients associated with testlet effects, that the use of genetic algorithms offers little improvement to the TRF method, and that the minimization function for the TRF method is not as well-structured as that for the IRF method.
Predictive Fit Metrics for Item Response Models
Authors: Stenhaug Benjamin A. , Domingue Benjamin W.
Published: February 2022

The fit of an item response model is typically conceptualized as whether a given model could have generated the data. In this study, for an alternative view of fit, “predictive fit,” based on the model’s ability to predict new data is advocated. The authors define two prediction tasks: “missing responses prediction”—where the goal is to predict an in-sample person’s response to an in-sample item—and “missing persons prediction”—where the goal is to predict an out-of-sample person’s string of responses. Based on these prediction tasks, two predictive fit metrics are derived for item response models that assess how well an estimated item response model fits the data-generating model. These metrics are based on long-run out-of-sample predictive performance (i.e., if the data-generating model produced infinite amounts of data, what is the quality of a “model’s predictions on average?”). Simulation studies are conducted to identify the prediction-maximizing model across a variety of conditions. For example, defining prediction in terms of missing responses, greater average person ability, and greater item discrimination are all associated with the 3PL model producing relatively worse predictions, and thus lead to greater minimum sample sizes for the 3PL model. In each simulation, the prediction-maximizing model to the model selected by Akaike’s information criterion, Bayesian information criterion (BIC), and likelihood ratio tests are compared. It is found that performance of these methods depends on the prediction task of interest. In general, likelihood ratio tests often select overly flexible models, while BIC selects overly parsimonious models. The authors use Programme for International Student Assessment data to demonstrate how to use cross-validation to directly estimate the predictive fit metrics in practice. The implications for item response model selection in operational settings are discussed.
Decision making and management of acute type-A dissection presenting with shock or cardiac arrest
Authors: Tsukube Takuro
Published: February 2022

While the outcome of aortic repair for acute type-A aortic dissection has improved, overall mortality among patients who developed acute type-A aortic dissection remains extremely high. Hypotension in acute type-A aortic dissection patients is a critical condition that is associated with increased in-hospital mortality and neurologic events. The underlying causes of shock include acute aortic regurgitation, cardiac tamponade, and myocardial infarction. The most reasonable initial approach is to administer intravenous fluids to improve blood pressure, increase preload and cardiac output, and ensure adequate end-organ perfusion. Cardiac tamponade-induced hypotension associated with aortic rupture has been identified as a major risk factor for perioperative mortality in patients with acute type-A aortic dissection. In addition, the most serious complications of acute type-A aortic dissection include preoperative cardiopulmonary arrest, especially out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest. Recent advances in rapid transportation and diagnosis, and the introduction of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, have resulted in an increase in the number of patients with cardiopulmonary arrest related to acute type-A aortic dissection. However, controversy continues to surround treatment strategies, surgical indications, and the timing of surgery on such patients. This review, therefore, discusses decision-making and the managerial issues surrounding acute type-A dissection presenting with shock, cardiac tamponade, and cardiac arrest
Depth beyond 3D: The decolonial dimensions of volume
Authors: Bier Jess
Published: February 2022

In this study, I argue that attending to decolonial dimensions can add depth to studies of volume and capitalism more broadly. Bringing Black and Indigenous studies into conversation with the volume literature, I analyze several forms of dimension at work in the production of volume as a relational space that can incorporate, and exceed, 3D Cartesian grids. These are illustrated through an examination of the handling of shipping containers, an influential embodiment of gridded space that, given shipping’s dependence upon racialized labor and colonial extraction, are a key site for understanding how efforts to standardize and secure volume are entangled with global injustice.
Bimodal sensory integration in migraine: A study of the effect of visual stimulation on somatosensory evoked cortical responses
Authors: Sebastianelli Gabriele , Abagnale Chiara , Casillo Francesco , Cioffi Ettore , Parisi Vincenzo , Di Lorenzo Cherubino , Serrao Mariano , Porcaro Camillo , Schoenen Jean , Coppola Gianluca
Published: February 2022

Background

Merging of sensory information is a crucial process for adapting the behaviour to the environment in all species. It is not known if this multisensory integration might be dysfunctioning interictally in migraine without aura, where sensory stimuli of various modalities are processed abnormally when delivered separately. To investigate this question, we compared the effects of a concomitant visual stimulation on conventional low-frequency somatosensory evoked potentials and embedded high-frequency oscillations between migraine patients and healthy volunteers.

Methods

We recorded somatosensory evoked potentials in 19 healthy volunteers and in 19 interictal migraine without aura patients before, during, and 5 min after (T2) simultaneous synchronous pattern-reversal visual stimulation. At each time point, we measured amplitude and habituation of the N20-P25 low-frequency-somatosensory evoked potentials component and maximal peak-to-peak amplitude of early and late bursts of high-frequency oscillations.

Results

In healthy volunteers, the bimodal stimulation significantly reduced low-frequency-somatosensory evoked potentials habituation and tended to reduce early high-frequency oscillations that reflect thalamocortical activity. By contrast, in migraine without aura patients, bimodal stimulation significantly increased low-frequency-somatosensory evoked potentials habituation and early high-frequency oscillations. At T2, all visual stimulation-induced changes of somatosensory processing had vanished.

Conclusion

These results suggest a malfunctioning multisensory integration process, which could be favoured by an abnormal excitability level of thalamo-cortical loops.
Successful treatment of primary headache associated with sexual activity using erenumab: Case report
Authors: Makarevičius Gytis , Ryliškienė Kristina
Published: February 2022

Background

Primary headache associated with sexual activity is a rare benign headache disorder that is provoked by sexual excitement. It is a diagnosis of exclusion after the underlying secondary causes have been ruled out. The cause of this headache disorder is still unknown. Cerebral vasospasm, pericranial muscular contraction, hemodynamic and respiratory changes during sexual activity are most commonly listed as possible pathophysiological mechanisms. Several acute and prophylactic options with good clinical response have been described in the case series.

Case report

We present a case of a 30-year-old woman with primary headache associated with sexual activity and comorbid with frequent episodic migraine without aura. Both headache disorders were successfully managed with monoclonal antibody against calcitonine gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor erenumab 70 mg.

Conclusion

The efficacy of erenumab in our case presumes that CGRP might also be an important mediator in facilitating primary headache associated with sexual activity.