bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Open source online behavioural experimentation using Collector: Proof of principle & sample size considerations
Authors: Haffey Anthony , Plat Kristian Tempelmans , Mane Prasannajeet , Blake Adam , Chakrabarti Bhismadev
Published: August 2020

Online research is becoming more common worldwide, offering rapid and remote data collection. However, systematic comparisons of data metrics in lab and home-based studies within the same individuals are lacking. Collector is an open source platform for collecting behavioural and survey data online. The current study compared the response times and accuracy on a simple inhibition task in the same group of participants, when run in the lab on Collector and E-Prime, as well as in home settings on Collector. The aim was to estimate the impact of differences in mode of administration (online vs. offline) as well as setting (lab vs. home) on performance in this task. Analysis of the compatibility effect found that performance in each setting reliably predicted performance in the other settings. These results also provide an estimate of the number of participants needed for testing in home settings to get a similarly significant result as in lab settings. While required sample sizes for lab and home settings were found to be similar for response time data, these were significantly different for accuracy data on this task. These considerations are vital in designing future studies that investigate smaller effects.
Making the Veil of Ignorance Work: Evidence from Survey Experiments (forthcoming in Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy, Vol.4)
Authors: Inoue Akira , ZENKYO Masahiro , Sakamoto Haruya
Published: August 2020

The paper provides empirical feedback on impartial reasoning to justice derived from data obtained using online survey experiments. Specifically, our study focused on whether and how different conceptions of the veil of ignorance and John Rawls’s method of reflective equilibrium affect people’s impartial reasoning to justice. Our findings revealed that ordinary people tend to support the difference principle, but their endorsement echoes neither John Harsanyi’s nor Rawls’s reasoning. The results illuminate that findings in human psychology, such as the principles of loss aversion and “perceived luckiness,” cannot be disregarded for denoting relevant impartial reasoning to justice.
UJI DENSITAS DAN POROSITAS SERTA KARAKTERISASI MENGGUNAKAN XRD DAERAH MATA AIR PANAS SEMURUP SUNGAI MEDANG KABUPATEN KERINCI PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Nixolas Larlen , Susanti Nova , Samsidar Samsidar , Handayani Linda
Published: August 2020

Test Density and Porosity of rock have been done to see the relation to temperature influence 100 ᵒC, 200 ᵒC and 300 ᵒC. Rocks that will be tested first heated temperature with furnace tool then weighed with a digital balance. Density and Porosity measurement data were analyzed using Matlab Software with ASTMC373 equation. The result of Matlab in the form of graph shows average temperature change to Semurup rock density of 0.03 g / cm3 and the effect of temperature on Semurup rock porosity at 300 ᵒC is 30.29%. The average temperature change to Medang River rock density is 0.003 g / cm3 and the effect of temperature on Medang River rock porosity at 300 ᵒC is 0,55%. Looking at the rock crystal structure used XRD. Data from Characterization using XRD was analyzed with High Score Plus software. The result of rock characterization using XRD, from semurup showed that component of CaCO3 is 94%, crystal structure not yet fully formed and still in amorphous form, meanwhile rock from medang river show that component of CaCO3 is with 98%, crystalline structure have formed crystal.
Comparative Study of Vegetable Biodiversity in Terai and Hilly Belts of Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Devkota P. , Mishra S.
Published: August 2020

The study was conducted to assess biodiversity and conservation aspects of vegetable crops in two different geographical areas of the Chitwan district. The household survey was carried out in Kailash (hill) and Nayabasti (terai) of Chitwan. Descriptive analysis, mean comparison, correlations, and biodiversity indices were used for data analysis. On the basis of biodiversity index, evenness, the adequate number of species, and Sorenson’s coefficient, open-pollinated (OP) (nonhybrid) vegetables were more diverse in hills than in terai, while hybrid vegetables are more diverse in terai than in hills. Hybrid vegetables were mostly grown in terai, where the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides was also higher. OP vegetables dominated hilly areas. Gurung ethnic community had a significant role in the conservation of indigenous vegetable biodiversity. The primary source of seed was home storage in the case of OP vegetables in hills. However, in terai, agro-concerns were used as a significant source of seeds, followed by co-operatives. Co-operatives’ involvement was high in terai as compared to hills, but the role was not significant in vegetable farming.

In contrast, assistance in vegetable farming from agriculture service provider organizations was higher in hills as compared to terai. The major problem in vegetable farming was lack of irrigation in both areas, followed by market inaccessibility in hills, whereas climate change was rising as a problem in terai. Markets of produced goods were farm gate, local markets, and distant markets. A middleman mostly did the price determination of the products. Off-season vegetable farming was not practiced in the study areas. However, off-farm vegetable production was typical in hilly areas. Indigenous and OP vegetable biodiversity has been facing various challenges despite their roles in nutrition, indigenous knowledge promotion, and food security. Hence, it is suggested to strengthen government policy toward irrigation facility development, gene bank establishment, marketing facilities, and technology transfer and develop on-farm community based intense organizations for sustainable vegetable diversity conservation.
List of mushrooms found in Dhikura village and its adjoining Rotepakho community forest in Arghakhanchi district, Central Nepal
Authors: Acharya Rajendra
Published: August 2020

The study was carried out for higher fungi, especially mushrooms, found in Dhikura village and its adjoining Rotepakho community forest, Arghakhanchi district, Central Nepal from October 25 to 26, 2014. A total of 33 species, including both Ascomycetes (3 species) and Basidiomycetes (30 species) fungi were collected from the study area. The documented Ascomycetes species were from three orders belonging to three families and three genera, whereas Basidiomycetes species were from eight orders belonging to 17 families and 26 genera. Polyporales were found to be the dominant order in the study area, with 11 species followed by Agaricales (6 species) and Boletales, Hymenochaetales, and Russullales (3 species). Similarly, Polyporaceae was found to be the dominant family represented by nine species, Hymenochaetaceae (3 species), and followed equally by Exobasidiaceae, Sclerodermataceae, and Steriaceae (2 species). Litsea monopetalous was found to be the primary host plant for three different mushroom species (including one Ascomycetes and two Basidiomycetes species) followed by Shorea robusta, Grewia asiatica, Mangifera indica, Machillus odoratissima, Terminalia bellirica, Wedlandia coriacea and Terminalia chebula(2 Basidiomycetes species).
Assessment of Arsenic Content in Deep Groundwater of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Gwachha Sushila , Acharya Bishwa Nath , Dhakal Agni , Shrestha Sujen Man , Joshi Tista Prasai
Published: August 2020

The contamination of groundwater by arsenic is one of the major problems in Nepal. This study was conducted in 20 deep groundwater (>200m) samples of Kathmandu valley to assess the arsenic content of different groundwater zones and to determine the relationship of arsenic with physico-chemical parameters. Samples were collected in the post-monsoon season of 2016. The random sampling method was applied to the collection of water samples.Standard methods as APHA 2005 was followed for the analysis of the water sample.Arsenic concentration showed spatial variation. The maximum concentration of arsenic was found in Central Groundwater Zone at Patan (27040’07.3” and 85019’14”). Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed that moderate positive correlation of arsenic concentration withelectrical conductivity (μS/cm) (r = 0.58and p =0.01) and turbidity (NTU)(r = 0.67 and p = 0.01). Groundwater consumers of the central zone of the valley are at risk of arsenic-based health issues.
Phytochemical Analysis of Ampelopteris Prolifera (Retzius) Copeland
Authors: Poudel Madhav , Rajbhandari Meena
Published: August 2020

The fronds of Ampelopteris prolifera are used in stomach ache as well as vegetable. Dried and powdered fronds of A. prolifera was extracted successively with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and 50% aqueous methanol. The results of phytochemical screening revealed that alkaloids were absent in all extracts. Hexane extract showed the absence of all the tested phytochemicals while chloroform extract showed the presence of only terpenoids and quinones. Ethylacetate extract showed the presence of all tested phytochemicals except quinones and saponins.Methanol and 50% aqueous methanol extracts showed the presence of phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, tannins, quinones and saponins. The total content of phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and sugars as well as antioxidant activity were determined in ethyl acetate, methanol and 50% aqueous methanol extracts. Total phenolic content was measured spectrophotometrically by using Folin-Ciocalteu, total flavonoid content by using aluminium chloride, total hydrolyzable tannin content by using Folin-Ciocalteu, total condensed tannin content using vanillin-HCl and total sugar content by using anthrone reagent. Gallic acid was used as the standard for the calibration of phenolics, catechin for flavonoids and condensed tannins, tannic acid for hydrolyzable tannins and glucose for carbohydrates. The highest amount of phenolic was detected in 50% methanol extract (114.27±10.37 mg GAE/g). The highest amount of flavonoid was detected in ethylacetate extract (151.47±3.57 mg CE/g extract). The highest amount of hydrolyzable tannin was detected in 50% methanol extract (31.21±2.14 mg TAE/g extract). The highest amount of condensed tannin was detected in ethylacetate extract (337.50±5.00 mg CE/g extract), and the highest amount of sugar was detected in methanol extract (809.74±7.86 mg GE/g). The antioxidant activity was determined by using DPPH free radical and IC50 value was determined. All the tested extracts showed only weak antioxidant activity. Among the tested extracts, 50% aqueous methanol extract showed better activity with an IC50 value of 185.03μg/mL. The HPLC-ESI-MS analysis of methanol extract allowed the tentative identification of peganine, 1-methyltryptophan and rutin. The study thus demonstrates the potential value of A. proliferain the medicinal application.
Phytochemical Evaluation of Some Medicinal Plants of Puthan District of Nepal
Authors: Giri Hari , Rajbhandari Meena
Published: August 2020

Different parts of eleven medicinal plants used in the traditional medicine in Puthan district were collected. Three different extracts, methanol, 50% aqueous methanoland 70% aqueous acetone extractswere prepared for each plant material. The methanol extractswere screened for the presence of different classes of phytochemicals. Total phenolic andflavonoid content, as well as DPPH freeradical scavenging activity, were evaluated. All the investigated extracts contain a high amount of phenolics and flavonoids.The highest amount of phenolicsand flavonoids were detected in the methanolextract of bark of Bauhinia variegate(355.35+3.69 mg GAE/g and 209.23 ±1.25 mg QE/g extract). Among the eight tested extracts, the highest radical scavenging activity was shown by methanol extract of bark of B. variegate (IC50 3.68 μg/ml). The extract having the highest phenolic and flavonoid content showed the lowest IC50 demonstrating the positive correlation between radical scavenging activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content.
Urgency of Proper E-Waste Management Plan in Nepal: An Overview
Authors: Giri Jyoti , Adhikari Rameshwar
Published: August 2020

Electrical and electronic gadgets (or E-gadgets) have become indispensable components of our daily life these days. As today’s electrical and electronic devices become tomorrow’s waste, the potential hazards of these materials in an open environment are significant, as they can contaminate soil, drinking water, air and thus directly affecting human health and surrounding biota. With time, the random disposal of these wastes may lead to a disastrous situation. Although Nepal is one of the least developed countries, also in terms of electrical and electronic equipment, we are importing the high-tech E-gadgets from the developed nations and using them without a proper vision for their after-use management and their impacts on socio-economic values as well as health and environment. It has become an urgent need of the hour to address E-waste challenges taking into consideration the best suited international policies and practices.
Determination of Urinary Iodine Excretion to Assess Iodine Deficiency Disorder among Pregnant Women in District Hospital of Sindhupalchowk, Nepal
Authors: Singh Vivek Kumar , Joshi Anand Ballabh , Gurung Chitra Kumar , Banjara Megha Raj
Published: August 2020

Pregnant women and infants are risk populations of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Therefore, this study was designed to explore the status of IDD among pregnant women through the analysis of urinary iodine excretion (UIE). A total of 94 pregnant women from Chautara Hospital Sindhupalchowk were included to analyze UIE through Sandell-Kolthoff Reaction. Although the general clinical status of women was satisfactory, the urinary iodine excretion revealed that still, 18.0 percent of pregnant women in Sindhupalchowk had insufficient iodine intake. This indicates that pregnant women are still at risk of iodine deficiency disorder, and they should be in the priority population for the IDD prevention program.
Dynamics on the Pre-periodic Components of the Fatou Set of Three Transcendental Entire Functions and Their Compositions
Authors: Subedi Bishnu Hari , Singh Ajaya
Published: August 2020

We prove that there exist three entire transcendental functions that can have an infinite number of domains which lie in the pre-periodic component of the Fatou set each of these functions and their compositions.
Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant and Extended-spectrum Betalactamase Producing Bacterial Isolates from Infected Wounds of patients in Kathmandu Model Hospital
Authors: Adhikari Kabita , Basnyat Shaila , Shrestha Basudha
Published: August 2020

The wound is an injury to living tissues caused by a cut, puncture, bite, blow, or other impacts. An infection is caused when germs enter wounds. This study was designed to isolate and identify the causative agents of wound infections and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. A total of 339 samples were collected from January to June 2016 from Kathmandu Model Hospital, Kathmandu. Samples were inoculated on the Blood Agar and MacConkey agar plates were incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours. After incubation, all isolates were identified by using gram stain and biochemical methods. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed on Mueller Hinton agar plate by Kirby Bauers Disk Diffusion Technique. During the study period, altogether, 339 specimens were collected and processed as per the standard microbiological protocol. The overall prevalence of wound infection was 56.9%. Among 244 bacterial isolates, Escherichiacoli (24.2%) was most predominant bacteria followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19.7%), Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (17.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.7%), Pseudomonasaeruginosa(8.6%), Acinetobacterspp (5.7%), Citrobacterfreundii(4.9%) Proteus mirabilis (3.3%), Streptococcus viridans (2.0%), Klebsiellaoxytoca (0.8%), Proteus vulgaris (0.4%), Serratiamarcescens (0.4%), Enterobacteraerogens (1.2%), Enterobacterfaecalis (0.4%). The most effective drug for Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria were amikacin and chloramphenicol, respectively. A total of Gram-negative bacteria, 77.55% were multidrug-resistant. The total Gram-negative bacteria most ESBL producers were E. coli (82.9%). We found S. aureus 33.3% of isolates were resistant to cefoxitin which indicates the increasing rate of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus(MRSA) in wound infection.
Study on Occupational Radiation Exposure at Different Hospitals in Nepal using ThermoluminescenceDosimetry
Authors: Acharya Prabhash , Chalise Gita , Rijal Bipin , Lamichhane Hari Prasad , Shah Buddha Ram
Published: August 2020

The clinical efficacy of using ionizing radiation in diagnosis and treatment of diseases has been revolu­tionized, benefitting humankind and, at the same time, imposing deleterious health effects, if not han­dled carefully. Personnel dosimetry has emerged as an essential tool to monitor occupational radiation exposure. The present study intends to reveal and describe the scenario of occupationally exposed staff by assessing an individual’s dose in radiological facilities at different hospitals in Nepal. Thermo luminescent Dosimetry (TLD) has been used for assessing individual doses. Altogether eight hospitals were chosen from different locations of Nepal. TLD badges were worn by the radiation workers on their chest level while working with the radiological equipment for about three to ten months during their routine work. Later the badges were read out in the TLD badge reader system available at Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) to obtain the exposed doses. CaSO4: Dy was used as TL phosphor. Exposed doses for health personnel during their routine work were founding the range of (2.21 to 16.17) 0.01 mSv per year, which was low compared to the permissible dose limit of 20 mSv per year set up by International Commission on Radiological Protection(ICRP). Although the exposed dose rates in the monitored hospitals are below the recommended dose limits, it should be made as low as possible based on the ALARA principle.
Effects of Fruits of Lapsi (Nepali Hog Plum) Choerospondias axillaris (roxb.) b.l.Burtt & a.w.Hill on Some Blood Parameters of Major Carp rohu Labeo rohita(H) During Intensive Aquaculture
Authors: Shakya Shubha Ratna , Labh Shyam Narayan
Published: August 2020

The complete blood cell count (CBC) is an important and powerful diagnostic tool to monitor the health status of fish in response to changes related to nutrition, water quality, and disease in response to therapy.Thus, the present study was about to know the effect of lapsi fruit pulp (Choerospondias axillaris) on some blood parameters in the fingerlings of rohu Labeo rohita cultured in Corona of Agriculture Hatchery farm, Chitwan, Nepal. Altogether eighteen hapas made of heavy-duty nylon net (1.5m3) were kept and placed inside the pond, distributed linearly, and then 270 fingerlings (@15 fishes/ hapa) were kept distributed randomly. Six practical diets like T1 (0.0 g kg-1), T2 (0.1 g kg-1), T3 (0.2 g kg-1), T4 (0.4 g kg-1), T5 (0.8 g kg-1) and T6 (1.6 g kg-1) were prepared. Feed containing 40% protein was supplemented with the ethanol extract of lapsi fruits. At the end of 90 days of the feeding trial, a significant difference (P< 0.05) in blood parameters were observed between the treated and control diet-fed groups. Hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), packed cell volume (PCV), and other erythrocyte indices were recorded higher in the treated groups. RBC, WBC, Hct, and Hb were found significantly higher in the T4 (0.4 %) diet-fed group. The study showed a minimum of 0.4 % (0.4g kg-1) lapsi fruit extract needed in fish feeds to increase blood parameters to enhance growth and immunity.
Envisaging the Sustainability of an Aquifer by Developing Groundwater Flow Model for a Part of ChoutuppalMandal, Nalgonda District, Telangana, India
Authors: Neupane P. K. , Mondal N. C. , Manglik A.
Published: August 2020

Recurring droughts and increased exploitation of groundwater to meet the growing water needs have resulted in the decline of regional groundwater level and dry, weathered zone in a part of the Choutuppal Mandal, Nalgonda district, Telangana, India. A groundwater model has been developed using an inventory of 20 observation wells for future pumping schemes to evolve a classic interface (Build: 4.6.0.168) of available wells. The developed model has been reviewed using Visual MODFLOW, and a base map is prepared for the sub-surface structure. The area spreading about 0.43 km2is conceptualized as a two-layered model consisting of a weathered layer overlying a fractured aquifer. The model has been digitized into grids of 5m×5m in each layer. The integrated finite difference method has been utilized to discretize the groundwater flow equation and simulate groundwater flow with the help of calculated parameters along with the boundary conditions and acting stresses. Results show that the computed groundwater levels are in good agreement with the observed heads, and groundwater is flowing from the South to the North direction. The estimated velocities vary from 0.01 to 1.95 m/d. The optimum pumping schemes have also been simulated up to the year 2022. It has been observed that the maximum pumping rate should not go beyond 24m3/day. Since the drinking water demand(10-15m3/day) in the study site is below this limit, it can be inferred that the aquifer will sustain and provide enough drinking water.
IMPACT OF THE NOZZLE ANGLE, DISTANCE BETWEEN BURNERS, AND N2 ON BURNING VELOCITY OF THE DIFFUSOIN COUNTER FLAMES
Authors: Tariq Omar Salwa , Alwan Saleh Fouad , Mohammad Abdulkarim Jassim
Published: August 2020

The achievement of precise measurements on the laminar diffusion flames plays a big role in the process of realizing a wide flames range. Despite most of fuel is likely burnt in the turbulent combustion, there is still data requirement for the data on the velocities of the laminar burning as input to several models of the turbulent combustion. And, in engines with an internal combustion, the first combustion is laminar, thus once more, there is a requirement for the velocity of the laminar burning. The burning velocity of the laminar diffusion flame was measured at three nozzles at different angles (30º, 45º, and 60º) and different distances between the nozzles burners (H = 20, 30, and 40 mm) with and without the N2, and wide range of equivalence ratios (0.65 ≤ϕ≤ 1.5). Schlieren photographs were captured to qualitatively assess the effect of angle of nozzles, distance, and N2 on the burning velocity of the diffusion flame. Burning velocity depends on the stagnation surface of the flame front, which in turn relies on the vertical distance (H) between the burners. Also, it was noticed that the increase in distance between the burners leads to a decrease in the velocity of the reactants since it is affected by the air surrounding.
PREDICTION OF HOLE ACCURACY BY USING LASER MACHINING
Authors: Kariem Shather Saad , Abd Al Jabar Zainb
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study is to predict the hole accuracy which drilled by laser beam machining using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) within Minitab 17. ANOVA program and compare the results with the experimental values which performed under different cutting conditions Cutting speed (2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 m/min ) with power ( 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 watt ) and gas pressure assist ( 2, 3 ,4, 5,6 bar ) so another parameters that using during operation remain constant. Experiments were conducted to predict the hole accuracy, the estimated result shows that there is good agreement between average experiments values and predicted values of hole accuracy (95.96%).
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF SUPER PLASTICIZER ON HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE UNDER FIRE
Authors: I. Al-haydery Fatin
Published: August 2020

Additives have gained wide use in the last few years, especially those required to manufacture high-strength concrete (HSC). Fire resistance is one of the characteristics that need to be satisfied with the design of structures. The main objective of this work was to study experimentally the performance of high-strength concrete (HSC) with Glenium51(GL51) additives subjected to fire. This study examined the influence of different parameters, as the additive's percentage and time of the burn. The results of 84 cubes without and with GL51 before and after burn and the results of 6 cylinders explain that HSC is improved by using GL51.
EFFECT OF CURRENT -WELDING ON THE CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF LOW CARBON STEEL (1020) TIG WELDING JOINTS IN 3.5% NACL
Authors: Majeed Mohammad H.
Published: August 2020

Welding is one of important industrial processes, therefore many techniques are development to get an efficient and low cost welding for different kinds of materials. In this research, the corrosion behaviors studied of many welded joints which were implemented using (TIG Welding) method on Low carbon steel 1020 AISI at constant voltage, welding speed and variable DC current for each pass. Microstructure of weld zones, according to standard ASTM (G71-31) a number of corrosion examination samples are equipped with the measurements of (15 x 15 x3) mm which distributed into the many groups. Corrosion test was done by electrochemical methods for all specimens in environments of 3.5% NaCl solution. Corrosion rate is calculated using the Tafel equation. The results which obtained shows increase in corrosion rate of the weld joint which made at four passé with decreasing DC current for each pass compared with other weld joints and base metal but the increasing in DC current of the weld joint which carried out at three passes improved the corrosion rate compared with weld joint also carried out at three pass but include decrease in DC current.
Porte de Arma de Fogo no Brasil
Authors: Souza Jairo Guedes
Published: August 2020

Trata-se do porte de arma de fogo no Brasil trazendo o seu contexto histórico desde o início até os dias atuais: como se deu o seu processo evolutivo no campo jurídico penal de uma simples contravenção a criminalização no Estatuto do Desarmamento de 2003; como é o procedimento para a concessão quais os requisitos necessários, e, de quem é a competência para sua emissão; e por fim, discute se o ato concessório é vinculado ou discricionário da administração e apresenta ainda as principais decisões dos tribunais sobre o assunto.
O Combate à Violência na Perspectiva da Teoria dos Sistemas Vivos
Authors: Costa Andre Dias
Published: August 2020

A proposta do presente estudo é provocar o leitor a repensar o problema da violência sob a perspectiva da Teoria dos Sistemas Vivos. Para isso, discorre-se sobre o paradigma positivista, sua importância para o desenvolvimento da ciência, assim como suas limitações. Em seguida, sintetizam-se alguns elementos da Teoria em referência para, finalmente, lançar um olhar sistêmico sobre o combate à violência. Os procedimentos metodológicos respeitam o paradigma ora adotado, equilibrando síntese e análise em uma abordagem sistêmica-relacional. Paralelamente, utiliza-se também, dentro da perspectiva de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, ferramentas de pesquisa bibliográfica típicas da análise de conteúdo, abordando a literatura teórica, empírica e metodológica sobre o tema do estudo. Os resultados sugerem que não há solução cartesiana para problemas complexos como o da violência. É necessário enxergar o problema em toda sua complexidade, compreender suas relações com outros sistemas e identificar as causas e consequências de seus fenômenos, elaborando soluções holísticas. Conclui-se que a efetividade no gerenciamento desse problema social depende da transcendência do paradigma positivista e ampliação do conceito de segurança pública, adotando as premissas de que são as relações que definem a existência, e a essência dos sistemas vivos é a auto-organização.
A Investigação Policial na Inglaterra e no Brasil
Authors: Amaral Bernardo Guidali
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo analisa a investigação policial na Inglaterra e no País de Gales e compara com a investigação da polícia judiciária no Brasil. Inicia a partir do sistema da Common Law e as polícias na Inglaterra e no País de Gales. Compara com o sistema da Civil Law e a polícia judiciária do Brasil. Aborda a origem, a organização e a dependência institucional das polícias. No campo da investigação policial trata da direção, do objetivo, da função da polícia. Discorre sobre o processo de investigação e os poderes-deveres da polícia na apuração criminal. Analisa se a investigação é realizada com autonomia ou na dependência funcional de outra instituição.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN THE RETINAL LAYERS WITH SIX-WEEK USE OF AN OPIOID ANALGESIC WITH A PARALLEL FOUR-WEEK CORRECTION WITH PENTOXIFYLLINE IN THE EXPERIMENT
Authors: Пальтов Е. В.  , Фік В. Б.  , Подолюк М. В.  , Криницький Р. П.  , Согуйко Ю. Р.  , Кривко Ю. Я.
Published: August 2020

In originally issued as document our work, the goal was to study the pathological manifestations of angio and neuromyopathy as a result of chronic exposure to therapeutic doses of opioid analgesic and the possibility of simultaneous correction of these changes with the drug pentoxifylline in the early stages restrukturizatsii changes in the retinal layers. The goal was achieved through the use of histological techniques retinal. Histological preparations were made by the conventional method with the use of dyes, hematoxylin, eosin, and (adhan) by the method Heidenhaina.The results of the study in the future will form a pathological base, with clinical guidelines that to unwanted simultaneous use of pentoxifylline and opob. These data can be used for the comparative performance, relative to the processes of the dynamics of increase of pathological changes in the layers of the retina during short and long term exposure of low doses of opioids and correction of these changes with the drug pentoxifylline on early and psdn terms of opioid effect. The above will further provide the opportunity to establish the most optimal timeframe for which a characteristic set of pathological manifestations elementary phenomena ungeneralised in the layers of the retina that can best be coregular influence.
Evaluating the Anticancer Potentials of Methanol Extracted Annona muricata Fruit Pulp and Seed(s) Phytochemicals
Authors: Devananda D. , K Prasad Shashanka , Devananda D.
Published: August 2020

Annona muricata L. has been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases
ranging from fever to cancer. In this study, we evaluate the in vitro anticancer potential of methanol
extracted A. muricata fruit pulp (AMPM) and seeds (AMSM) phytochemicals against breast (MCF-7),
cervical (HeLa), prostate (PC-3) and colorectal (HCT-116) cancer cell lines. Additionally, the in vitro antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities of the extracts have been carried. The findings suggest that the
AMSM is the most potent among the either extracts. Notwithstanding, both AMPM and AMSM showed
significant dose and cell line-dependent anticancer potential(s).
Spontaneous Rupture of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Chauhan Richa , Chauhan Richa , Singh Gyanendra , Prasad Singh Upendra
Published: August 2020

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an uncommon malignant tumor of the kidney, particularly in the Asian
population. It is more commonly seen in an elderly male patient with typical complains of haematuria, flank
pain and lump. Recently incidental diagnosis of small RCCs has been rising due to increased used of
abdominal imaging for other reasons. Spontaneous rupture of a renal mass leading to large perinephric
collection and presenting as an acute pain abdomen in an adult male is a rare finding but should be
considered as a differential diagnosis. The most common cause of spontaneously ruptured renal mass
includes benign tumor as angiomyolipoma followed by malignant tumor like RCC, vascular causes,
coagulation defects and infection in other cases. Contrast enhanced CT scan is the most common imaging
modality used for diagnosis. Initial resuscitation depending up on the patient’s general condition followed
by nephrectomy for malignant tumors and embolization for benign tumors is the treatment of choice.
Entrapment of the Basilar Artery into the Sphenoid Sinus, With CSF Fistula, without Ischaemic Stroke: A Case Report
Authors: Neri Laíse Ramos , Neri Laíse Ramos , Campos Lopes Bruno Siqueira , Wollstein Moritz Jorge Luís , Faria do Amaral Lázaro Luís , de Siqueira Campos Christiane Monteiro
Published: August 2020

The basilar artery herniation into the sphenoid sinus secondary to skull base fracture is a rare condition.
There have been few cases described worldwide. This entity carries a potential risk of basilar artery stenosis
or occlusion, resulting in ischaemia and infarction of the brainstem and cerebellum. Images study such as
computed tomography (CT) and MRI plays a crucial role in diagnosing this condition. We report a rare case
that shows entrapment of the basilar artery into the sphenoid sinus, after a traumatic skull base fracture,
without infarction of the brainstem and cerebellum, with CSF fistula.
Osteopathia Striata with Cranial Sclerosis Associated with Moyamoya Disease in a 3-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Ndoro Samuel , Ndoro Samuel , F Sheil , Murray D. , J Caird
Published: August 2020

We present a very rare case of osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis (OSCS) due to a mutation in the
WTX gene, with an unusual association with moyamoya disease (MMD). This is the first documented case
to our knowledge where OSCS and MMD have occurred in conjunction. A 3-year-old girl presented with
osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis with a history of Pierre Robin syndrome. She had previously had
cleft palate repair and was now electively admitted for an anterior 2/3rds cranial vault remodeling procedure
for osteopathia striata. Postoperatively she developed left-sided focal seizures and left-sided weakness.
Subsequent imaging revealed acute right frontal and medial right parietal infarcts and bilateral supraclinoid
ICA occlusion, consistent with moyamoya disease. Early diagnosis and intervention will alter the prognosis
and life expectancy of patients with OSCS and MMD. MMD should be a differential diagnosis following
the sudden onset of neurological deficits and focal seizures postoperatively in the pediatric population. In
cases where associated comorbidities are high risk, a conservative approach to the treatment of MMD may
be indicated.
Superior Vena Cava Obstruction Secondary to Prolonged Calcium Therapy: A Benign Etiology, Managed by Vein Graft Bypass Surgery
Authors: Cheema Ahsan Iqbal , Cheema Ahsan Iqbal , Aqeel Chaudhry , Khan Gari , Alqahtani Yousif , Y Gazal Thabet , Chaudhry Ikram
Published: August 2020

We like to report this case of a 28-year-old lady, who had celiac disease and developed complete Superior
Vena Cava Obstruction secondary to prolonged corrective calcium therapy for refractory Hypocalcemia
through the central venous line. Usually Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVCS) due to Superior Vena Cava
obstruction (SVCO) has infective and malignant etiologies. Our case is a rare and benign cause, managed
surgically after failed endovascular recanalization by the interventional radiologist.
“Mulatismo musical” e sua simbologia: uma revisão historiográfica do Padre José Maurício Nunes Garcia a partir da etnomusicologia
Authors: Razzante Vaccari Pedro
Published: August 2020

Trata de uma revisão historiográfica a respeito do compositor negro brasileiro Padre José Maurício Nunes Garcia, e como utilizar essa historiografia para aprimorar os estudos sobre ele, com a ferramenta metodológica da Etnomusicologia, a Antropologia. Os objetivos são empreender uma contextualização antropológica e histórica, através da qual sua vida adquiriu contornos até então impensados, uma simbologia histórica enquanto propulsora do movimento abolicionista. Através de fundamentos históricos e sociais pretende-se delimitar o ambiente em que ele foi criado, suas influências socioculturais formadoras e o contexto do Brasil colonial escravocrata. Descobriu-se quão necessária foi sua figura para a consolidação do chamado “mulatismo musical” no Brasil e ascensão do negro dentro da História nacional. A partir de Sérgio Buarque e a transposição de elementos europeus ao Brasil identificamos traços na sua obra que seriam da mesma ordem – muitas de suas características musicais foram importadas da Europa diretamente, sem considerar as idiossincrasias nacionais.
Features and properties of tangerine hybrids derived from distant hybridization (Citrus var. unshiu×Poncirus trifoliata)
Authors: Kulyan R. V.
Published: August 2020

Among citrus crops in the subtropical zone of the of the Russian Federation Black Sea coast of Krasnodar Territory, only tangerines can be grown (Citrus reticulata Blanco var. unshiu Tan.). The expansion of planting is hindered by poor winter hardiness, that’s why breeders are faced with a task of creating new forms of mandarin that are maximally adapted to the extreme climatic conditions of the region. By using of a distant hybridisation it is possible to create such forms. Purposeful distant hybridization allows transferring the properties of one genus to another, which is leading to phenotypic and genotypic changes in hybrid generation. The article emphasizes the importance of distant hybridization. For the period 1995-2019, distant, recurrent and inter-hybrid hybridizations were carried out to create a new hybrid fund. The results of 19 combinations of crossing by using Poncirus trifoliata Raf., and hybrids which were obtained with the participation of this genus, as well as hybrid species: C.×insitorum, C.×citrangeqwa and the genus Fortunella Sw. Expanded forms were selected for further breeding with an early term of fruit ripening (I decade of October): YuМR-97; YuКR-22; ККR-27; ККR-22; МRКR-97-25; МRКR-97-25-1; КRМR-25-97, with later ripening (II decade of October: КVI-1, КVI-3, YuI-12 received with C. insitorum. Also with late maturity hybrids were revealed: КРF-25; КРF-22; МРF-97; TsКR-25; YuTs-8 with the immixture of Fortunella margarita and C. citrangeqwat. From recurrent and inter-hybrid hybridization were marked out promising forms of mandarin with positive features such as early ripening, average fruit mass and a high tasting assessment. The greatest breeding value is represented by hybrids derived with the immixture of the most frost-resistant ccongeners of the citrus Poncirus trifoliata, however, from 5.0 % to 6.25 % of promising samples were selected in these families. All forms have breeding value for further work on creating winter hardiness varieties of mandarin.
Ecological features of the association between mortality and determinants or salient risk factors of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Chukwuma Sr Chrysanthus
Published: August 2020

The multifactorial emergence of the association between mortality and major risk factors of cardiovascular disease is not clearly established. Diverse countries have been monitoring  and evaluating mortality and risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease as the levels and trajectories undergo continuous changes. Understanding the combined impacts of these alterations are crucial in taking precautionary measures in counteracting and managing cardiovascular disease. Mortality and risk factor data have been applied expansively for the monitoring and evaluation of cardiovascular disease issues and the spatiotemporal variations across populations. There are extant inequitable distribution of resources in the disparate regions and populations around the world in the quantification and analysis of the mortality, morbidity, risk factors or determinants of cardiovascular disease. The diagnosis of cardiovascular disease tends to be devoid of diagnostic tests of high specificity and sensitivity in certain instances. Poor diet is a leading etiologic factor of suboptimal health in cardiovascular disease. Diet, nutrition and scientific policy measures have accelerated, resulting in ambiguities, and also creating opportunities to obviate the excruciating health and economic burden in cardiovascular disease and other cardiometabolic disorders in vulnerable populations. These indicate that expansive spatiotemporal variations in the incidence between populations are attributable to inter alia certain contradictions in the modalities of event ascertainment, culture, and economic burden. This paper enhances and introduces novel issues, challenges and opportunities in the ecological presentations of the association between mortality and determinants or risk factors of cardiovascular disease.
PEMANFAATAN LIGNIN KRAFT DARI LINDI HITAM SEBAGAI PEREKAT KAYU KOMPOSIT
Authors: Santoso Adi
Published: August 2020

Utilization of Kraft Lignin from black liquor as adhesives in the wood composite.            The lignin in the sulphate black liquor (known as kraft lignin) has a strong affinity when being reacted with formaldehyde to form lignin formaldehyde adhesives. To increase the bonding strength, the lignin is co-polymerized with phenol or resorcinol to form lignin phenol formaldehyde or lignin resorcinol formaldehyde resins. The resins can be applied in of reconstituted wood products manufacturing such as plywood, finger-jointed wood assembly and glue laminated lumber. The research result showed that each type of lignin based adhesives had specific characters which met Indonesian standard. The test result on plywood which glued by lignin formaldehyde (LF) and lignin phenol formaldehyde (LPF) indicated that bonding strength of the products were 8.0-27.0 kg/cm2, for a while on laminated wood which glued by lignin resorcinol formaldehyde (LRF) indicated that bonding strength of the products were 36.9-88.0 kg/cm2, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity was 372-637kg/cm2 and47,164-60,237 kg/cm2, respectively. The formaldehyde emissions were about 0.05-0.14 mg/L. The efficiency of lignin based adhesives on finger joint application reach at 35.4-73.6%. Therefore, the synthesis of lignin based adhesives, an unique wood adhesive with good resin characteristics and met bonding strength and formaldehyde emission requirement as stated in Japanese standard. Keywords : Kraft lignin, composite wood, adhesives ABSTRAK          Lignin dalam lindi hitam (dikenal sebagai lignin kraft) memiliki afinitas yang kuat bila direaksikan dengan formaldehida membentuk perekat lignin formaldehida. Guna meningkatkan daya rekatnya, lignin dikopolimerisasi dengan phenol atau resorsinol sehingga terbentuk resin lignin phenol formaldehida atau lignin resorsinol formaldehida. Resin tersebut dapat diaplikasikan dalam pembuatan produk kayu rekonstitusi seperti kayu lapis, papan sambung dan kayu lamina. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap jenis perekat berbasis lignin memiliki karakter yang spesifik yang memenuhi persyaratan standar Indonesia. Hasil pengujian terhadap kayu lapis yang direkat dengan lignin formaldehida (LF) dan lignin phenol formaldehida (LPF) menunjukkan bahwa keteguhan rekat produk tersebut berkisar antara 8,0-27,0 kg/cm2, sementara untuk kayu lamina yang direkat dengan lignin resorsinol formaldehida (LRF) berkisar antara 36,9-88,0 kg/cm2, dengan modulus of rupture dan modulus of elasticity berturut-turut sekitar 372 - 637kg/cm2  dan47,164 - 60,237 kg/cm2. Emisi formaldehida produk berkisar antara 0,05-0,14 mg/L. Efisiensi perekat berbasis lignin pada aplikasi papan sambung mencapai 35,4 - 73,6%. Produk yang menggunakan perekat berbasis lignin ini memenuhi persyaratan Jepang.Kata kunci : Lignin Kraft, kayu majemuk, perekat
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK AIR SIMPLISIA DAUN SEMBUNG (Blumea balsamifera)
Authors: Maslahat Mamay , Nurilmala Febi , Harpeni Lipi
Published: August 2020

Antioxidant Activity of Aquous Extract of Sembung Leaf (Blumea balsamifera)             Simplicia medicinal plants are more commonly known by the term of herbal medicine in the form boiling and steeping. Sembung leaf water extracts content of secondary metabolites has potential natural antioxidant. An antioxidant is a substance that can prevent or slow down the deterioration of a substance. This research aimed to test the potential of antioxidant in water extracts of leaves sembung (Blumea balsamifera) in the form of boiling and steeping using DPPH method through determination of IC50 values. Best antioxidant test results found in extracts of steeping the leaves with IC50 values of 155,65 ml/l while the extract boiling sembung with IC50 values indicated by 293,80 ml/l, antioxidant standards testing used was quercetin.Keywords : antioxidant, aquous  extract, Blumea balsamifera, DPPH ABSTRAK         Simplisia tanaman obat yang lebih dikenal dengan istilah jamu sering diaplikasikan dalam bentuk godogan dan seduhan. Ekstrak air daun sembung memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan alami. Antioksidan merupakan substansi yang dapat mencegah atau memperlambat kerusakan suatu zat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji potensi antioksidan ekstrak air daun sembung (Blumea balsamifera) dalam bentuk seduhan dan godogan dengan metode DPPH melalui penentuan nilai IC50.  Hasil uji antioksidan terbaik terdapat pada ekstrak seduhan daun sembung dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 155,65 ml/l sedangkan ekstrak godogan sembung menunjukan nilai IC50 sebesar 293,80 ml/l,  sebagai standar pengujian antioksidan digunakan kuersetin.Kata kunci : Antioxidan, extract air, Blumea balsamifera, DPPH
STUDI TENTANG SIFAT FISIS KAYU LAPIS BERMUKA POLIURETAN
Authors: Supriadi Achmad , Iskandar M. I.
Published: August 2020

Study on Physical Properties of Polyurethane-faced Plywood        Polyurethane plywood include one of the products of secondary plywood that does not use adhesive coating. Giving a polyurethane coating can be a surface or both surfaces intended that plywood is more beautiful and more durable. The study aimed to examine the physical properties of the polyurethane-faced plywood from three companies. The results showed an average quality appearance included in A level. dimension covered an average thickness of 3.0 mm, a length of 2,440 mm, a width of 1220.2 mm and 2727.5 mm in diagonal, the water content of 10.25% and delamination of 10 mm. All the plywood of faced polyurethane material had resistance to acids, bases and diluent. All parameters of the physical properties of the polyurethane-faced plywood met the standards of buyers from Japan. Statistically there was no significant effect on the physical properties of the original material plywood of faced polyurethane. Polyurethane coated adhesive ability of polywood as the result of this research explained why the adhesive had been used extensively in composite wood products such as plywood.Keywords: Plywood polyurethane, quality appearance, physical properties, standard ABSTRAK         Kayu lapis bermuka poliuretan termasuk salah satu produk dari kayu lapis sekunder yang tidak menggunakan pelaburan perekat. Pemberian lapisan poliuretan bisa satu permukaan atau kedua permukaannya bertujuan agar kayu lapis lebih indah dan lebih tahan lama. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mencermati sifat fisis kayu lapis bermuka poliuretan yang berasal dari tiga perusahaan penghasil kayu lapis bermuka poliuretan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata mutu penampilan termasuk A. dimensi meliputi rata-rata tebal 3,0 mm, panjang 2.440 mm, lebar 1.220,2 mm dan diagonal 2.727,5 mm. Kadar air 10,25% dan delaminasi 10 mm. Semua bahan kayu lapis bermuka poliuretan memiliki ketahanan terhadap asam, basa dan pengencer. Semua parameter sifat fisis kayu lapis bermuka poliuretan memenuhi standar pembeli dari Jepang. Secara statistik tidak ada pengaruh nyata asal bahan terhadap sifat fisis kayu lapis bermuka poliuretan. Kemampuan perekat poliuretan untuk pelapis sebagaimana ditunjukkan dari hasil pencermatan ini ikut menjelaskan mengapa perekat ini telah digunakan luas pada produk komposit kayu termasuk kayu lapis.Kata kunci : Kayu lapis bermuka poliuretan, mutu penampilan, sifat fisis, standar