bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Precambrian, Eocambrian and Early Palaeozoic Stratigraphy of the Jørgen Brønlund Fjord Area, Peary Land, North Grenland.
Authors: Jepsen Hans F.
Published: November 2024

The sedimentary sequence in the platform area (approx. 2500 km2) around Jørgen Brønlund Fjord, North Greenland, has been mapped, and sections through the Precambrian, Eocambrian and Lower Palaeozoic sequence are described. After a summary of the previous geological field work carried out in the area, a lithological description of a composite section through the sequence below the Lower Cambrian Brønlund Fjord Dolomite (TROELSEN, 1949) is given. This sequence, which is about 1000 m thick, is divided into four formations-in ascending order: Inuiteq Sø Formation (sandstone), Morænesø Formation (tillite and dolomite), Portfjeld Formation (dolomite) and Buen Formation (sandstone and shale). The first three named formations are separated by two unconformities both representing a long period of erosion. The strata are cut by two dolerite sequences, of which the older (the Midsommersø dolerites) is of Precambrian age and intrudes only the Inuiteq Sø Formation. Intrusions of the younger sequence penetrate all the strata in the Jørgen Brønlund Fjord area and are regarded as post-Palaeozoic. In the last section the chronostratigraphy and the correlation with neighbouring areas are discussed. Special attention is given to the two newly discovered erosional unconformities, which together with the tillite occurrence and the radiometric K/Ar dated Midsommersø dolerites, throw new light on the stratigraphy of North Greenland.
The Diatoms in Four Postglacial Deposits in Greenland.
Authors: Foged Niels
Published: November 2024

Diatoms have been determined and counted in 4 series of samples through postglacial deposits in Greenland covering from 2 to more than 9 millennia. Interpretations of the ecological conditions and changes in the investigated lakes and bogs are presented.3 new taxa: Neidium iridis (EHR.) CLEVE fo. elliptica nov. fo., Neidium iridis (EHR.) CLEVE var. porsildii nov. var. and Eunotia faba (EHR.) GRUN. var. rhomboidea nov. var., besides one transfer: Pinnularia Piridis (NnzscH} EHR. fo. cuneata (E. ØSTRUP, A. CLEVE} nov. comb. are described.
Petrology of the Puklen Syenite-Alkali Granite Complex, Nunarssuit, South Greenland.
Authors: Parsons Ian
Published: November 2024

The Puklen complex (PULVERTAFT, 1963) has been studied with a view to comparison with the larger adjacent Nunarssuit syenite. It comprises augite syenites, quartz syenites, often pegmatitic in type, a transition group of quartzose syenites and quartz-poor granites, a relatively large alkali granite body, and cross-cutting microgranites. Modal quartz increases continuously from syenite to soda granite. A sodic vapour phase was entrapped in the drusy quartz syenites; their textures contrast with the even textured transition group syenites which grade into soda granite. Mineral layering is seen in the transition group. Pyroxenes in the quartz syenites are strongly zoned aegirine-augites; in the transition group they are less strongly zoned but have similar bulk compositions.The transition to granite is marked by appearance of riebeckite-arfvedsonite as the dominant mafic mineral, by late crystallizing acmitic pyroxene, and by astrophyllite, aenigmatite and biotite. The potassium-rich phase in the microperthitic alkali feldspars varies from dominant orthoclase in the coarse augite syenites, orthoclase + microcline in the quartz syenites and transition group, and microcline alone in the soda granites and microgranites. The variation is attributed to the increasing peralkalinity of the magma. The rocks plot near thermal minima in the Ab-Or-Qz system. The effect of anorthite, peralkalinity and acmite on this system are discussed. The granites crystallized at PH,O < 1 Kbar and at temperatures > 780° C. Quartz-feldspar textures are discussed and the granophyric intergrowths (mainly in the microgranites but also in certain layered rocks) are ascribed to a pressure reduction. The intrusion involved two main magmatic pulses; a slightly oversaturated syenite and a soda granite lying in the feldspar field in the Ab-Or-Qz system. Both have fractionated to some extent in situ.
Chemical Petrology of Tertiary Flood Basalts from the Scoresby Sund Area.
Authors: Fawcett J. J. , Brooks C. K. , Rucklidge J. C. , Gasparrini E. L.
Published: November 2024

Sequences of basalts have been sampled in a number of profiles in the upper part of the basalt plateau of Kong Christian IX's Land. The flows are faulted and tilted near the coast but apparently undisturbed inland. Nowhere in the investigated area were intrusives found, but sediments and pyroclastic horizons (including a palagonitic brecceia) were observed in a few localities. The bulk of the flows are subacrial. These basalts are seen under the microscope to be typical tholeiites, being made up of plagioclase (labradorite), clinopyroxene and opaque oxides. Olivine may be present occasionally and pigeonite sporadically. The glassy breccia contains two types of glass (fresh and hydrated) with olivine and plagioclase microphenocrysts. Chemically the lavas form an extremely homogeneous group and have with one exception quartz and hypersthene in the norm. The fact that this one exception is the most reduced of the analyses suggests that the appearance of normative quartz may be secondary and that the magmas originally were olivine-hypersthene normative. Specific chemical characteristics of these lavas include high iron and TiO 2 contents, and low K2O. They differ from the Skaergaard magma in that they are not high-alumina types and they do not have such a high magnesium content. Comparisons have been drawn with ocean-floor tholeii tes and tholeiites from other regions of the North Atlantic province, and although systematic geographic differences may exist in this province they are minor, with better data than available at present being required to confirm them. A large number of mineral analyses, especially of pyroxenes, has been carriedout by electron microprobe. The pyroxenes show extensive variation both of a normal fractional crystallization type and various "quench" trends towards sub-calcic augites although certain observations do not favour the interpretation of these trends asbeing due to metastable crystallization. The feldspars show relatively restricted variation in spite of the complex zoning shown by many of the phenocrysts. Coexisting oxide phases give, in general, values of P02 and temperature similar to that found by other workers although some samples have suffered reequilibration and are anomalous. Interstitial glass has undergone hydration and does not appear to have the composition of a late differentiate.
The Uivfaq Dike and Related Hybrid Dikes from Southern Disko, West Greenland. Field Relations.
Authors: Fundal Erling
Published: November 2024

A geological and magnetic study of the Uivfaq locality in southern Disko, which is known for its large boulders of telluric iron, has confirmed that the telluric iron is associated with a dike and not, as was formerly believed by some people, with a basalt flow.A hitherto unknown dike, situated 15 km west of Godhavn at Kitdlit, seems to be closely related to the Uivfaq dike. The dike has the same strike and dip as the Uivfaq dike and also contains both graphitic xenoliths and native iron. The dike, which intrudes the N-S trending gneiss ridge exposed at several places in southern and central Disko, leaves the gneiss at Kitdlit and continues northwards solely in the basalt.The dike at Igdlukúnguaq in south-eastern Disko, which contains a large inclusion of nickeliferous pyrrhotite, was also re-examined. Graphitic xenoliths are also present in this dike, which indicates a relationship to the Uivfaq dike. The xenoliths from the Uivfaq dike consist mainly of basic plagioclase with small amounts of red spine! and graphite. The xenoliths from Kitdlit and lgdlukúnguaqare much more complex and different parageneses involving the following minerals have been found: Corundum, spinel, sillimanite, cordierite, plagioclase. According to the supratelluric theory the telluric iron would have originated through assimilation of carbon-rich sediments by the basalt. Such sediments are indeed present in the Disko-Nugssuaq area. However, the fact that the Kitdlit dike intrudes gneiss but nevertheless contains telluric iron suggests that this theory may be invalid. Another, but narrower dike situated at Kitdlit has a peculiar composition, which together with the xenoliths, may give a hint about the origin of the hybrid constituting the three dikes examined and may explain the origin of related rocks found elsewhere in the Disko-Nugssuaq area.
The Fiskenæsset Complex, West Greenland. Part II. General Mineral Chemistry from Qeqertarssuatsiaq.
Authors: Windley B. F. , Smith J. V.
Published: November 2024

Electron microprobe analyses of 10 metamorphic mineral phases are given for rocks arranged in stratigraphic order through the Fiskenæsset "intrusion": 2 garnets, 11 olivines, 16 orthopyroxenes, 9 clinopyroxenes, 38 hornblendes, 8 phlogopites, 24 plagioclases, 6 spinels (pleonaste), 7 chromites and 7 magnetites. The element contents in minerals plotted with respect to zonal position in the intrusion and the inter-element distributions within minerals and between coexisting minerals suggest that the original igneous crystallization pattern of this gravity-differentiated, layered body has been only partly modified by metamorphic re-equilibration under hornblende granulite to high amphibolite facies conditions. Some igneous cryptic chemical variations are preserved in olivine, orthopyroxene, hornblende, plagioclase and magnetite, some leuco-gabbros retain their igneous cumulus plagioclase megacrysts, and rare ultramafics retain their igneous olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, and hornblende primocrysts. Chemical migration of elements within and amongst grains during the metamorphism appears to have been small, so that the present minerals have a mixture of both igneous and metamorphic characteristics.
Geological investigations in East Greenland (Part XI). The minor peripheral intrusions, Kangerdlugssuaq, East Greenland.
Authors: Deer W. A. , Kempe D. R. C.
Published: November 2024

The minor peripheral syenitic and granite intrusions associated with the main Kangerdlugssuaq alkaline intrusion are described. The earlier intrusions-Peak 2005 Syenite; Krerven Syenite; Augite Syenite; and Bagnresset Syenite-and the later Granite and Snout Series generally have the compositions of slightly oversaturated nordmarkites. They differ chemically from the syenites of the main intrusion, especially in their contents of alumina, total iron, and alkalis. The ferromagnesian minerals include aegirine, ferroaugite, magnesioarfvedsonite, and katophorite, and the accessory mineral chevkinite, together with perthitic alkali feldspar, quartz, and minor minerals. The Snout Series, Krerven Syenite, and, especially, the Augite Syenite are heavily contaminated by basaltic inclusions. The overall composition of the main and minor peripheral intrusions, including the Granite, is that of a slightly oversaturated nordmarkite, differing little from that of the main intrusion. The minor intrusions are · generally regarded as early and late pulses emanating from the same magma source as that which supplied the main intrusion, although there is evidence that the later Snout Series and Granite, and possibly the earlier Bagnresset Syenite, were emplaced at a higher temperature, or cooled more quickly, and may have derived from differentiated liquid fractions.
Vegetation of the Angmagssalik District, Southeast Greenland. II. Herb and Snow-Bed Vegetation.
Authors: Molenaar J. G. de
Published: November 2024

The present study deals with the major part of the results of observations made during expeditions in 1968 and 1969 to the central part of the Southeast coast of Greenland. The Angmagssalik District is a mountainous area deeply cut by fjords, and has a pronounced oceanic, low-arctic climate. The bedrock consists predominantly of Precambrian rocks. Soils are diverse and variable, shallow and of limited extent. Vegetation is of limited extent too and frequently acidophytic and more or less mesotrafent. The herb and snow-bed communities are distinguished and classified according to the principles of the Zilrich-Montpellier school of phytosociology as modified by Norwegian investigators. Altogether 15 sociations grouped in 5 complexes, 8 communities, and 38 associations (18 new ones), with 24 subassociations (all new) and a number of variants, classified in 16 alliances (2 new) with 3 suballiances (2 new), 13 orders (1 new) and 10 classes are recorded, described and discussed. The occurrence and composition of these communities appear to depend on a complex of interdependent conditions. Literature study shows that the majority have a wide, northern alpine to arctic, northern amphi-atlantic distribution. Aquatic and amphibious vegetation (Charetea, Potametae and Littorelletea) is scarce as suitable habitats are rare. Spring vegetation (Montio-Cardaminetea) is common, but of limited extent and dominated by bryophytes. Both acidophytic as well as basiphytic communities occur. Mires are varying in size, minerotrophic and found to represent the eutrafent to mesotrafent Parvocaricetea and a group of units intermediate between this syntaxon and the oligotrafent Scheuchzerietea. The more or Jess calciphytic Tofieldietalia is represented by communities grouped in the Caricion bicolori-atrofuscae and the Campylio-Tomenthypnion. Non-calciphytic, acidophytic to neutrophytic mire communities are represented by the Caricion curto-nigrae (Caricetalia nigrae). Three sociation complexes of Sphagnum-rich mire vegetation are considered to be intermediate. The extreme chionophytic units of the Salicetea herbaceae are found to occur in somewhat unstable soil. The oligotrafent ones and the mesotrafent to eutrafent, less extreme chionophytic vegetation are grouped in separate alliances. Related communities of highly unstable substrates are grouped in the Thlaspeetea rotundifolii. The chomophytic and chalicophytic communities are classified in the Androsacetalia alpinae. The tropohydrophytic communities of recent alluvia are classified in the Calamagrostion neglectae (Myricarietalia germanicae). Grass heaths are predominantly represented by non-calciphytic and nonbasiphytic types considered as belonging to the Nardo-Caricion bigelowii (Juncetea trifidi). Xerophytic talus-slide and rock vegetation is mainly represented by noncalciphytic chomophytic communities.
Vegetation of the Angmagssalik District, Southeast Greenland. III. Epilithic Macrolichen Communities.
Authors: Daniëls F. J. A.
Published: November 2024

The epilithic macrolichen vegetation in the Angmagssalik District was studied in connection with phytosociological investigations. Based upon 32 vegetation analyses 5 vegetation units are distinguished according to the concepts of the French-Swiss School of Phytosociology: 1. the Alectoria pubescens sociation soc. nov., 2. the Umbilicarietum cylindricae, 3. the Parmelietum omphalodis sphaerophoretosum fragilis subass. nov., 4. the Umbilicarietum arcticae and 5. the community of Xanthoria elegans. Although the substrate in this case is not such an important ecological factor, a distinct relation with the habitat could be proved. Studies of the literature showed that phytosociological knowledge of epilithic lichens in Greenland and in other arctic and northern alpine areas is very scant.
Anatomical Characteristics of some Woody Plants of the Angmagssalik District of Southeast Greenland.
Authors: Miller Howard J.
Published: November 2024

Ten species are represented by the 40 wood specimens collected in 1969 from the Angmagssalik District of S.E. Greenland. Information concerning collection localities, diameter of wood specimens, number and breadth of growth rings and eccentricity is given. A comparison of growth ring observations is made with those made by KRUUSE (1912), in three species from the same area, in relation to their growth form and environment. An anatomical description of the wood of the 10 species has been made together with an evaluation of some of the anatomical characteristics. Trends towards a modification of the wood due to environmental factors are indicated, but the fact that caution must be exercised when carrying out such an investigation is stressed, with special emphasis on the need for more accurate information regarding environment, the size and age of specimens.
The hepaticae of West Greenland from ca. 66°N to 72°N.
Authors: Schuster R. M. , Damholt K.
Published: November 2024

This work, the result of two seasons intensive field work and of many months of microscopic study of the collected materials, represents an in-depth taxonomic and ecological study of the Hepaticae known to occur in West Greenland (from 66° to ?2° N). It is based primarily on study of living plants and, as such, is the most comprehensive study of Arctic H epaticae ever undertaken; in addition a large mass of herbarium material from the Botanical Museum of Copenhagen has been examined as well as various early collections (in part of BERGGREN, housed at Lund). The emphasis on study of living plants is unique and allows formation of taxonomic judgments which a study based on dead (herbarium) materials would not allow. Several new species are described and many taxa are here first reported for Greenland.Detailed study of phenotypic variation of various critical taxa has made possible a clearer understanding of these plants. In difficult groups keys are provided and illustrative matter provided (where it supplements or complements the illustrations found in the senior author's The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America, Vols. 1-111, Columbia University Press). Distribution maps showing the regional range are provided, and an introductory general section giving historical and environmental perimeters of the study.
The Diatoms in four Postglacial deposits at Godthåbsfjord, West Greenland.
Authors: Foged Niels
Published: November 2024

A core from the bottom of each of four lakes in the region of Godthåbsfjord, western Greenland, is examined for content of diatoms. It is shown that all the lakes came into existence during the postglacial upheaval, the nethermost part of the 4 cores consisting of marine sediment and the remainder part being freshwater material. The diatoms found are listed according to their halobion and pH-relation, and the result is summed up in halobion and pH-spectra. The development of pH to the lakes from their start up to now is illustrated by means of diagrams. Two new species are described: Achnanthes fredskildii and Achnanthes iversenii,and one forma nova: Neidium iridis fo. crassiusculum. In addition 8 plates with photos of a total of 106 taxa are given.
Transition from Low Potassium Olivine Tholeiites to Alkali Basalts on Ubekendt Ejland.
Authors: Gutzon Larsen Jørgen
Published: November 2024

Five basalt types are distinguished in a 4-5 km thick volcanic pile of the upper formations on Ubekendt Ejland, the Tertiary province of West Greenland. They were erupted in the following order: 1) low potassium olivine tholeiites, 2) transitional basalts with tholeiitic affinity, 3) transitional basalts with alkaline affinity, 4) plagioclase rich alkali basalts, 5) olivine-clinopyroxene porphyritic alkali basalts. A multiparental origin is suggested for type 1-4 and even for rocks belonging to the same type. Possibly slightly different MgO rich magmas represented by the picritic lavas of the province could have formed the basalts of type 1-3 by fractional crystallization at low pressure up to a pressure of about 8 kb. The type 5 basalts were either formed by high pressure fractional crystallization combined with zone refining, or by a small degree of partial melting.
Eskimo graves from Upernavik District.
Authors: Hjarnø Jan , Fennow Karin
Published: November 2024

In connection with the National Museum's archaeological investigations in Upernavik District in the summer of 1967 (Hjarnø, J., 1968) a large number of Eskimo burials were uncovered for the purpose of collecting usable skeletal materials for anthropological investigations. A total of 52 graves was investigated; as indicated below, these graves were distributed numerically on the following islands: 32 Angmaussaq*) 5 Upernaviarssuk, 8 Sãtoq, 2 Tapeq, 1 Nunâ and 4 Nordø. (For the situation of the localities see fig. 1). Graves are an extremely common occurrence in the area. Most frequently they consist of a chamber built of stone containing the remains of the corpse or corpses. A domed heap of stones covers the chamber's exterior. The graves are usually situated on dry, rocky slopes, ledges, and the like, but in a few cases the graves lie in swampy terrain. The graves near the Nûgârssuk settlement on Angmaussaq can be mentioned as an example of the latter (HJARNØ, J., 1968) The opening of the graves took place according to a rather standard pattern: as soon as a grave was observed it was photographed, and its location and height a. s. l. were recorded on a sketch map. The area around the stone heap was next examined for the purpose of finding possible grave goods. The burial chamber was then uncovered, photographed, and measured. Suitable crania and thigh bones, as well as possible grave goods, were removed, marked, and packed in plastic bags. Data and a description of the entire operation were recorded in a notebook; finally the grave was restored and marked with a painted number. Upon return to Copenhagen the archaeological specimens were deposited in the National Museum and the skeletal remains in the University's Anthropological Laboratory.
*) (The name is unauthorized, according to files).
Collective tables.
Authors: Hjarnø Jan , Balslev Jørgensen J. , Vesely Morten , Fennow Karin
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Anthropological Investigations of late heathen graves in Upernavik District.
Authors: Balslev Jørgensen J. , Vesely M. , Fennow Karin
Published: November 2024

The Eskimos came to Greenland in several waves, each group carrying with it its own culture. Skeletal materials are however only available from the lnugsuk Culture, the latest culture period. As already mentioned, the investigations of the skeletal materials described above primarily concern the lnugsuk people as they were like shortly after immigrating to Greenland. Their contact with white men essentially takes place during the last two centuries, and coincides with the introduction of Christianity. Thus, by analyzing the skeletal remains of the last heathen Greenlanders, one arrives at a picture of the development of the Inugsuk people throughout half a millenium in Greenland, and at the same time has a basis of comparison between the last pure Eskimos and the present-day Greenlanders. Several investigations of the physical anthropology of these immigrated peoples have already been published ( JØRGENSEN, 1954; LAUGHLIN & JØRGENSEN, 1956; SKELLER, 1954; GESSAIN, 1960).
Collective tables.
Authors: Hjarnø Jan , Balslev Jørgensen J. , Vesely M. , Fennow Karin
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
The Polar Eskimo population, Thule District, North Greenland.
Authors: Gilberg Rolf
Published: November 2024

The Polar Eskimo society developed during the 20th Century from a small, self-sufficient hunting society into a large, primarily hunting society dependent on supplies from the outside world. As a result of outside influences, in the 1950's and 1960's the Polar Eskimo population doubled from three hundred to over six hundred individuals. Diagrams and tables included in this paper give a to some extent detailed picture of the changes which took place, and the development of the Polar Eskimo population from 1893 to 1973 is treated in some detail. Special attention is given to developments in 1969.
Trematodes from Greenland.
Authors: Brinkmann August JR.
Published: November 2024

The present investigation deals with trematodes from Greenland - mainly fromfishes. Previous investigations in this field have been reviewed and historical andbiological commented upon.The present material was mainly collected personally in 1962 at Godhavn (W. Greenland). Of the until then known 20 species from Greenland, 11 species were refound and a further 19 species were encountered as new to the area - hereof 2 nova species. Where necessary further descriptions have been given with systematic discussions based upon anatomy. Further, appropriate lists of trematodes with their hosts, and hosts with their trematodes have been given.
Devonian Sediments of East Greenland III. The Eastern Sequence, Vilddal Supergroup and Part of the Kap Kolthoff Supergroup.
Authors: Alexander-Marrack P. D. , Friend P. F.
Published: November 2024

After the folding and metamorphism of the main Caledonian orogenic phases in East Greenland, the next event was the extrusion of the Kap Fletcher volcanics in Canning Land.Vilddal Supergroup sedimentation then occured from Canning Land in the south, to Hudson Land in the north. Fluvial sandstones and conglomerates formed in eastern Gauss Halvø, and were then followed more widely, by a variety of fluvial and lacustrine sediments. Extensive lacustrine environments, of upper Middle Devonian age, accumulated up to 1500 m of sediment. Faulting and local folding about east-west axes, with deep erosion, terminated the Vilddal Supergroup sequence. Kap Kolthoff Supergroup sedimentation of dominantly fluvial and sandy type, lasted from upper Middle Devonian to upper Upper Devonian times. It records the appearance, for the first time, of an eastern source for the Devonian sediments.This new feature extended from Canning Land in the south, to Hudson Land and Kap Franklin, in the north. The transition to this new crustal pattern is marked by the Kap Franklin volcanics and conglomerates, and by at least two phases of granite emplacement. A maximum of 21 1/2 km of Kap Kolthoff Supergroup sedimentation has been measured.The uplift of fault-defined blocks then moved the eastern margin of the basin even further west in Kap Graah and Mount Celsius, Upper Devonian times.
Grønlands Havalger
Authors: Rosenvinge L. Kolderup
Published: November 2024

Resumé findes ikke.
Undersøgelse af Mineralier fra Grønland. - Fortsatte Undersøgelser af Mineralier fra Kangerdluarsuk.
Authors: Lorenzen Joh.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Bidrag til Vestgrønlændernes Anthropologi.
Authors: Hansen Søren
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Indledning
Authors: Johnstrup F.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Beretning om Konebaads-Expeditionen til Grønlands Østkyst 1883-85.
Authors: Holm G. , Garde V.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Om de geografiske Forhold i Dansk Østgrønland.
Authors: Holm G. , Garde V.
Published: November 2024

Intet resum´é.
Den terrestriske Refraktion.
Authors: Eberlin P.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Om de geologiske Forhold i Dansk Østgrønland.
Authors: Knutsen H. , Eberlin P.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Bemærkninger om de i 1883-85 indsamlede Planter paa Østkysten af Grønland.
Authors: Lange Joh.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Francafrique under attack of "Mali Kura" (new Mali) and challenges for France
Authors: Sidibe Oumar
Published: November 2024

The article examines the changes in relations between France and Mali against the background of political crises and changes in internal strategy ("Mali Kura"). The author analyzes how the new Mali Kura policy undermines the traditional model of Franco-Malian relations, previously based on Mali's economic and military dependence on France. The consequences of the withdrawal of French troops and Mali's growing ties with other external players such as Russia and China are discussed. Special attention is paid to the need to review France's strategy in the region in the context of new realities, including the transition to economic and cultural cooperation. The author used a historical method to analyze the origin and development of the term "Francafrica" and its impact on the political situation in Mali. Content analysis was applied to study political speeches, official statements and public sentiment related to the concept of "Mali Kura" in order to identify the key ideas and motives behind the change in French-Malian relations. For the first time, the study comprehensively analyzes the transformation of the concept of "Francafrica" in the context of the formation of an independent political identity of Mali and changes in its foreign policy course. Unlike previous studies focused mainly on the economic aspects of Franco-African relations, this work reveals the impact of the Mali Kura political program on the political and cultural gap with France. Special attention is paid to the analysis of Mali's new international alliances with Russia, Turkey and China, their impact on the system of francocentric elites and on the dynamics of Mali's relations with the former metropolis. This research contributes to the expansion of theoretical knowledge about the mechanisms of decolonization and political emancipation of African countries. The emergence of the concept of "Mali Kura" in political rhetoric, especially during the period of opposition to the power of President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita and after the coming to power of Assimi Goit and Prime Minister Shogel Kokalla Maiga, marked a new stage in the development of relations between the two countries.
Synaptic cell adhesion molecule Cdh6 identifies a class of sensory neurons with novel functions in colonic motility
Authors: Gomez-Frittelli Julieta , Devienne Gabrielle , Travis Lee , Kyloh Melinda A , Duan Xin , Hibberd Tim J , Spencer Nick J , Huguenard John R , Kaltschmidt Julia A
Published: November 2024

Intrinsic sensory neurons are an essential part of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and play a crucial role in gastrointestinal tract motility and digestion. Neuronal subtypes in the ENS have been distinguished by their electrophysiological properties, morphology, and expression of characteristic markers, notably neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Here we investigated synaptic cell adhesion molecules as novel cell type markers in the ENS. Our work identifies two Type II classic cadherins,
Cdh6
and
Cdh8,
specific to sensory neurons in the mouse colon. We show that
Cdh6+
neurons demonstrate all other distinguishing classifications of enteric sensory neurons including marker expression of
Calcb
and
Nmu
, Dogiel type II morphology and AH-type electrophysiology and

I
H

current. Optogenetic activation of
Cdh6+
sensory neurons in distal colon evokes retrograde colonic motor complexes (CMCs), while pharmacologic blockade of rhythmicity-associated current

I
H

disrupts the spontaneous generation of CMCs. These findings provide the first demonstration of selective activation of a single neurochemical and functional class of enteric neurons, and demonstrate a functional and critical role for sensory neurons in the generation of CMCs.
Sequential replacement of PSD95 subunits in postsynaptic supercomplexes is slowest in the cortex
Authors: Morris Katie , Bulovaite Edita , Kaizuka Takeshi , Schnorrenberg Sebastian , Adams Candace T , Komiyama Noboru , Mendive-Tapia Lorena , Grant Seth GN , Horrocks Mathew H
Published: November 2024

The concept that dimeric protein complexes in synapses can sequentially replace their subunits has been a cornerstone of Francis Crick’s 1984 hypothesis, explaining how long-term memories could be maintained in the face of short protein lifetimes. However, it is unknown whether the subunits of protein complexes that mediate memory are sequentially replaced in the brain and if this process is linked to protein lifetime. We address these issues by focusing on supercomplexes assembled by the abundant postsynaptic scaffolding protein PSD95, which plays a crucial role in memory. We used single-molecule detection, super-resolution microscopy and MINFLUX to probe the molecular composition of PSD95 supercomplexes in mice carrying genetically encoded HaloTags, eGFP, and mEoS2. We found a population of PSD95-containing supercomplexes comprised of two copies of PSD95, with a dominant 12.7 nm separation. Time-stamping of PSD95 subunits in vivo revealed that each PSD95 subunit was sequentially replaced over days and weeks. Comparison of brain regions showed subunit replacement was slowest in the cortex, where PSD95 protein lifetime is longest. Our findings reveal that protein supercomplexes within the postsynaptic density can be maintained by gradual replacement of individual subunits providing a mechanism for stable maintenance of their organization. Moreover, we extend Crick’s model by suggesting that synapses with slow subunit replacement of protein supercomplexes and long-protein lifetimes are specialized for long-term memory storage and that these synapses are highly enriched in superficial layers of the cortex where long-term memories are stored.
Funções do marcador discursivo “depois” na conversação em Libras
Authors: Burgo Vanessa Hagemeyer , Matoso Sheyla Cristina Araujo , Hackl Diego Alexandre
Published: November 2024

Esta pesquisa visa a analisar o emprego do marcador discursivo “depois” na língua brasileira de sinais (Libras) e as funções que desempenha na conversação entre pessoas surdas. O arcabouço teórico está fundamentado nos conceitos da Análise da Conversação, e o corpus é formado por vídeos disponíveis na internet pelo projeto da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina denominado Corpus de Libras. Para a transcrição e análise dos dados, utilizamos um software desenvolvido pelo Max Plank Institute, o qual se encontra disponível de forma livre e recebe o nome de Sistema de Anotação Eudico Annotator – ELAN. De acordo com os resultados, observamos que, assim como ocorre nas línguas orais auditivas, na Libras, o marcador “depois” contribui para organizar e estruturar o texto conversacional, operando como indicador de sucessão temporal entre o discurso anterior e o próximo, como forma de sequenciar os eventos narrados. Além disso, esse elemento possui, ainda, um valor pragmático e, em muitos casos, pode sugerir uma mudança no foco da conversação.
Non Tubercular Mycobacterial Infection as a Cause of Non Resolving Aspiration Pneumonia in a Case of Achalasia Cardia: A Case Report
Authors: Meshram Shailesh Bhanudas , Ramnani Hiral Gulab
Published: November 2024

Achalasia is an oesophageal motor disorder characterised by the absence of peristalsis and swallowing difficulties, which results in poor clearance of the oesophagus. The Lower oesophageal Sphincter (LES) fails to relax, either partially or completely, with elevated pressures demonstrated monometrically. Hereby, the authors present an interesting case of a 38-year-old male who presented to a tertiary care hospital with high-grade fever, difficulty in breathing, chronic cough with whitish-yellowish sputum, and generalised weakness for one month. He had made multiple hospital visits for similar complaints and was treated as a case of aspiration pneumonia. Upon admission, he was febrile but otherwise had stable vital signs. Initial investigations revealed bilateral inhomogeneous opacities on chest radiography, a total leukocyte count of 25,000/mm3 , and haemoglobin of 7 gm%. He was started on empirical antibiotics and antipyretics, and due to difficulty swallowing, a nasogastric tube was inserted under fluoroscopic guidance. High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) showed a dilated thoracic oesophagus with mild tracheal and Superior Vena Cava (SVC) compression, bilateral mass-like consolidation, and an air-fluid level, raising suspicions of malignancy or lung abscess. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a dilated, tortuous oesophagus with white plaques. A 2D echocardiography showed an ejection fraction of 60% with moderate pulmonary arterial hypertension. Despite initial antibiotic therapy reducing the leukocyte count, his cough and fever persisted. Fiber optic bronchoscopy indicated mild tracheal compression and bilateral mucosal congestion, and a transbronchial lung biopsy was performed. Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) samples tested negative for the Cartridge-based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT) but showed acid-fast bacilli on Gram and Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining. Repeated sputum samples and CBNAAT tests revealed similar results, confirming the presence of Non Tubercular Mycobacteria (NTM), and appropriate treatment was started. The patient gradually improved, with a reduction in fever spikes over a month. He later underwent laparoscopic Heller’s cardiomyotomy with Dor’s fundoplication, the treatment of choice for achalasia cardia. Currently, patient has completed nine months of treatment for NTM with visible clinical and radiographic improvement.
Successful Non Surgical Endodontic Management of Multi-fractured Maxillary Anterior Teeth: A Two-year Follow-up
Authors: Handa Aashish , Bhullar Kanwalpreet Kaur , Kaur Manpreet , Sandhu Roohan Malhar , Goyal Smiley
Published: November 2024

Traumatic Dentoalveolar Injuries (TDI) refer to injuries to the tooth (crown/root) and/or the tooth-supporting structures (Periodontal Ligament (PDL)/alveolar bone) due to traumatic force. The incidence of trauma to maxillary anterior teeth is very high. Hereby, the authors present a case report of non surgical endodontic management of fractured maxillary anterior teeth in a 19-year-old female at the middle and apical third root levels. Clinical examination of the patient revealed multiple fracture injuries involving the upper anterior teeth. There was no response to the pulp sensibility test concerning teeth 11, 12, 21, 22, 23, and 24. The Conical Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) results showed apical third root fractures in teeth 11 and middle third fractures in tooth 23. Resorptive abnormalities were visible in the periapical regions of teeth 11, 12, 21, 22, and 24. Root canal treatment was performed using a bioceramic sealer and Mineral Trioxide Aggregrate (MTA). Clinical, CBCT, and radiographic evaluations conducted 24 months after the initial treatment verified total resolution in the periapical areas of the affected teeth. The present case study demonstrated the usefulness of MTA for the rehabilitation of teeth with broken roots and bioceramic sealers in the treatment of resorptive defects in traumatised teeth. Clinical and radiological signs of healing were observed during a follow-up period of 24 months.
Understanding Consumer Preferences and Behavior in Culinary Choices: A Case Study of Nasi Goreng Mak Sutan at G-Town Square Gading Serpong
Authors: Lionel Justin, , Budi Setiawan,
Published: November 2024

This research examines a culinary product at G-Town Square, Gading Serpong in the city of Tangerang, Indonesia particularly in Nasi Goreng Mak Sutan or Mak Sutan’s fried rice in english. The main focus of this research is to understand how factors such as food quality, price, ambiance and service can impact customer preferences. Using a qualitative approach, a purposive sampling and a semi-structured interview was conducted on August 2024. The data is later analyzed using the reduction technique proposed by Miles and Huberman. The result indicates that food quality is the primary factor impacting customer satisfaction though it was preceived to be average and lacking the unique flavors. Pricing was considered high for the quality preceived, suggesting a need for improvement and alignment between the pricing and and value. The ambiance is considered comfortable, but the service requires improvement. These findings underscore the importance of targeted enhancements in food quality, pricing strategies, and service for Nasi Goreng Mak Sutan, offering valuable insights for culinary businesses and local governments aiming to boost culinary tourism at G-Town Square.
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain for Enhanced Tax Compliance and Revenue Generation in Public Finance
Authors: Olabanji Samuel Oladiipo , Olaniyi Oluwaseun Oladeji , Olagbaju Oladotun Opeoluwa
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and blockchain technologies to enhance tax compliance and revenue generation within public finance. In response to mounting challenges governments worldwide face in maintaining tax compliance and achieving efficient revenue collection, AI and blockchain present promising, forward-looking solutions. Using a qualitative review of secondary data, this paper evaluates the primary applications of AI and blockchain, such as automated compliance monitoring, fraud detection, real-time auditing, and secure transaction processing. The findings suggest that AI's capacity for real-time analysis of vast datasets, coupled with the transparency and immutability provided by blockchain, can significantly elevate tax compliance rates and reinforce public trust in financial systems. Furthermore, integrating AI and blockchain paves the way for innovative policy enforcement and informed decision-making, contributing to a more efficient and transparent public finance system. Nonetheless, substantial challenges persist, including those associated with infrastructure development, regulatory frameworks, and ethical considerations. The paper recommends implementing targeted pilot programs, developing robust regulatory frameworks, enhancing workforce training, and investing in continued research on advanced applications. This study thus lays a foundation for policymakers to leverage the potential of AI and blockchain in transforming public financial management, moving toward a more resilient and transparent future in public finance.
A Comprehensive Review on the Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Properties, and Clinical Efficacy of Garcinia gummi-gutta (Malabar Tamarind)
Authors: Gaur Pallavi , S Ambrish , Rishabh  , Verma Sameer , Gautam Dharmendra Kumar , Shrivastava Ujjwal , Shukla Prabhas Kumar , Verma Hans Raj , Singh Vedant
Published: November 2024

Garcinia gummi-gutta, commonly known as Malabar tamarind, is a tropical fruit plant traditionally used in culinary and medicinal practices. The key bioactive compound in the fruit, hydroxycitric acid (HCA), has gained attention for its purported weight loss benefits through inhibition of fat synthesis and appetite suppression. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the phytochemical composition, pharmacological properties, and clinical efficacy of Garcinia gummi-gutta. The fruit is rich in flavonoids, xanthones, and benzophenones, contributing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, and hepatoprotective properties. Despite its popularity, clinical trials on HCA's effectiveness for weight management have yielded mixed results, highlighting the need for more standardized and long-term studies. The review also covers the safety profile, potential adverse effects, and regulatory concerns surrounding the use of Garcinia supplements. Overall, while Garcinia gummi-gutta shows promise as a therapeutic agent for weight loss and other health benefits, further research is essential to confirm its efficacy and safety in humans.
An In-vitro Study Comparing the Shear Bond Strength of a Self-adhering Flowable Composite and a Bulk-fill Flowable Composite to Various Pulp Capping Materials, Including NEO MTA Plus, Dycal, Biodentine, and MTA
Authors: Suharwardy Zara , K.Jain Rajnish , Khetarpal Ambica , Bala Anju
Published: November 2024

Aim: This study aimed to compare the shear bond strength of a self-adhering flowable composite (SAFC) and a bulk-fill composite when bonded to pulp capping materials, including NEO MTA Plus, Dycal, Biodentine, and MTA.
Materials and methods: A total of eighty acrylic blocks, each with a central hole 2 mm deep and 4 mm in diameter, were fabricated and assigned to two main groups (n=40 per group) based on the type of composite used (Dyad Flow or SDR). These groups were then subdivided into four subgroups according to the pulp capping material applied. The shear bond strength (SBS) was measured using a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Data were analysed using One way ANOVA test, Post Hoc Tuckey test and independent t- Test was used.
Results: The intergroup comparison of mean shear bond strength between SDR and Dyad flow was statistically significant (_<0.05) with higher strength in SDR as compared to Dyad flow when analysed using independent t test.
Conclusion: Among the eight subgroups, the combination of NEO MTA Plus and SDR demonstrated the highest shear bond strength.
An Economic Analysis of Changes in Cropping Pattern in Parbhani District of Maharashtra, India: A Markov Chain Approach
Authors: Toppo Serene , Chavan R.V. , Bharti S.V. , Kumari S. Sangeeta
Published: November 2024

The present investigation examines structural changes in the cropping pattern in Parbhani district of Maharashtra, utilizing secondary time-series data on crop areas from 2013-14 to 2022-23. By applying Markov Chain analysis, the study evaluates shifts in cropping pattern by analysing transitions in the area allocated to different crops over time to reveal significant trends through Transitional probability matrix (TPM). Soybean and jowar retained largest area shares. Hence, area under these crops were stable, while sugarcane and soybean emerged as major area gainers, often at the expense of wheat, maize, mung, and safflower. The findings highlight soybean and sugarcane's economic viability and adaptability to local conditions. This analysis underscores the importance of crop selection for economic resilience and sustainable agricultural practices in the region.
Calculative Faculty By Reasoning: Hobesian Rationalism And The Contemporary Legal Approach
Authors: Leon Arcelino
Published: November 2024

Background: This article examines Thomas Hobbes' rationalist philosophy and its influence on contemporary legal frameworks, particularly the evolution from positivism to the conception of fundamental rights. Hobbes' theory of "calculative reasoning" is central to understanding the role of reason in law, marking a shift from religious and traditional rationalism to a logic-based approach that applies scientific methods to social organization and individual rights. Materials and Methods: This study employs a bibliographic approach, using a literature review to trace Hobbes' philosophical roots and their evolution in legal thought. Comparisons are made with thinkers like Aristotle, Montesquieu, and Locke, analyzing how classical theories informed Hobbes' concept of reason as calculation. A deductive method is used to assess Hobbes' impact on legal positivism and modern legal rationality. Results and Conclusions: Hobbes' concept of calculative reasoning significantly influenced the legal system by establishing reason as a tool for logical and precise decision-making within jurisprudence. This theoretical evolution supports the structure of modern states and democratic systems, with rationality as a guiding principle for laws protecting individual rights, including property and freedom. Hobbes’ rationalism contributed to transforming legal philosophy by grounding it in logical assessment, moving away from metaphysical and theological interpretations, thereby shaping contemporary legal doctrines regarding the social contract and fundamental rights.