bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unraveling epigenetic mechanisms causing cognitive dysfunction in experimental diabetes
Authors: Aggarwal Aanchal , Yadav Binduma , Sharma Nishtha , Kaur Raminder , Rishi Vikas
Published: January 2023

Epigenetic mechanisms related to diabetes-afflicted CNS complications are largely unknown. The present study investigated the role of epigenetic mechanisms causing cognitive dysfunction in the Type 1 and 2 diabetic encephalopathy mice model. Dynamic changes in diabetic parameters like fasting blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance tests, and insulin levels were observed after the induction of diabetes. Cognitive functions were significantly diminished in T1D and T2D mice examined by the Morris water maze, novel object recognition test, and Y Maze. Histone profiling revealed a significant reduction in H3 and H4 acetylation in the cortex and hippocampus of T1D and T2D mice vs Controls. While histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity was significantly elevated in brain regions of T1D and T2D mice, the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity remained unchanged. Significantly increased HDAC 2, HDAC 3, and HDAC 4 protein and mRNA expression observed in T1D and T2D brain regions may corroborate for increased HDAC activity. No significant change was observed in protein and mRNA expression of HDAC 1, 5, 6, and 7 in diabetic brains. Reduced H3 and H4 acetylation paralleled transcriptional repression of memory-related markers BDNF, SYP, and Psd-95 in the cortex and hippocampus of T1D and T2D. Pharmacological inhibition of HDAC activity by Trichostatin A restored the cognitive changes observed in T1D and T2D. The present study provides a better insight into molecular mechanisms related to diabetes-dependent memory changes that can help to generate new advances for therapeutics to be developed in this area.
Engaging the Community Served: a U.S. Cancer Center’s Facebook Live Cancer Awareness Campaign for Spanish-speaking Latinos during COVID-19
Authors: Mora Javier , Romo Raul , Dempsey Sandra , Silva Betzaida , Nevels Debra , Leone Gustavo , Stolley Melinda
Published: January 2023

Cancer is the leading cause of mortality in U.S. Latino adults, a group with limited access to screening, higher rates of advanced disease, and prone to online misinformation. Our project created a Facebook Live social media video campaign on general cancer prevention, screening, risk, information, and resources, targeting Spanish-monolingual Latinos during the COVID-19 pandemic. Content was delivered in Spanish by fluent, ethnically concordant topic experts and cancer center staff. Four prerecorded and three livestream interview videos were produced, amassing over 161 shares, 1000 engagements, 12,000 views, 19,000 people reached, and 34,000 impressions in a span of four months. Strengths of this project included developing community partnerships and collaborations, providing evidence-based cancer information in a culturally responsive manner to often-excluded community members during COVID-19 pandemic, and presenting our cancer center as an accessible resource to the wider community. Future directions include formalizing evaluation strategies to capture medical engagement via cancer screening and detection rates, delivering focused cancer discussions by disease sites, and further expanding audience base through mixed media formats.
Virulence, Antimicrobial Risistance and Molecular Characteristics of Carbapenem-risistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Hospital in Shijiazhuang City from China
Authors: Guo Yumei , Liu faqiang , Zhang Yulan , Wang Xiaoli , Gao Weili , Xu Baohong , Li Yuxue , song ning
Published: January 2023

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP), as one of the most common drug-resistant bacteria threatening human health, is hyper-resistant to multiple antimicrobial drugs and carbapenems, which can by dealt with only limited clinical treatment options. This study described the epidemiological characteristics of CRKP in this tertiary care hospital from 2016 to 2020. Specimen sources included blood, sputum, alveolar lavage fluid, puncture fluid, secretions from a burn wound, and urine. Among the 87 carbapenem-resistant strains, ST11 was the predominant isolate, followed by ST15, ST273, ST340, and ST626. These STs were in broad agreement with the STs defined by PFGE clustering analysis in discriminating clusters of related strains. Most CRKP isolates contained the blaKPC-2 gene, some isolates carried the blaOXA-1, blaNDM-1 and blaNDM-5 genes, and the isolates carrying carbapenem resistance genes were more resistant to the antimicrobials of β-lactams, carbapenems, macrolides and fluoroquinolone. The OmpK35 and OmpK37 genes were detected in all CRKP strains, and the Ompk36 gene was detected in some CRKP strains. All detected OmpK37 had 4 mutant sites, OmpK36 had 11 mutant sites, while no mutant sites were found in OmpK35. More than half of the CRKP strains contained the OqxA and OqxB efflux pump genes. The virulence genes were most commonly combined with urea-wabG-fimH-entB-ybtS-uge-ycf. Only one CRKP isolate was detected with the K54 podoconjugate serotype. This study elucidated the clinical epidemiological features and molecular typing of CRKP, and grasped the distribution of drug-resistant genotypes, podocyte serotypes and virulence genes of CRKP, providing some guidance for the subsequent treatment of CRKP infection.
Isolation, Microscopic and Magnetotactic Characterization of Magnetospirillum Moscoviense Ms-24 From Banjosa Lake, Pakistan
Authors: Salam Maria Abdul , Korkmaz Nuriye , Cycil Leena Mavis , Hasan Fariha
Published: January 2023

At currently, approximately 70 species of magnetotactic bacteria have been identified; thus, there is an urgent need to identify more magnetotactic bacteria from diverse sources with potential applications in industry and biotechnology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first magnetotactic bacterial strain discovered in Pakistan. The first magnetotactic bacteria, Magnetospirillum moscoviense MS-24, was isolated from Banjosa Lake (Rawalakot), Pakistan, in the current investigation. Magnetospirillum moscoviense MS-24 was screened using the Racetrack method and its temperature and pH were optimized. The Magnetospirillum moscoviense MS-24 were physically characterised using Atomic Force Microscopy, High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy. The current study used microscopy to illustrate the shape of bacteria and to find a very obvious chain of magnetosomes within the bacterial cell. The Magnetospirillum moscoviense MS-24 measured about 4 0.04m in length and 600 0.02nm in diameter. The micro fluidic chip experiments were also used to detect magnetotaxis behaviour in bacteria.
Evaluating Brazil’s national administrative claims data for real-world pharmacoepidemiologic studies: Trends in rheumatoid arthritis using DATASUS (2010–2020)
Authors: Birck Marina Gabriela , Ferreira Rafaela , Curi Marco , Krueger Whitney S , Julian Guilherme Silva , Liede Alexander
Published: January 2023

Objective
Our study assessed DATASUS as a potential source for pharmacoepidemiologic studies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Brazilian population focusing on treatment patterns and determinants of initiating or switching to a novel therapy.
Methods
Descriptive database study of RA patients with at least one claim of RA and ≥ 2 claims of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD); conventional synthetic (cs), biologic (b) or targeted synthetic (ts) DMARD with more than < 6 month of follow-up from 01-Jan-to 31-Dec-2020. Analyses were stratified for SUS and non-SUS-exclusive user cohorts.
Results
We identified 250,251 patients with RA: mean age of 58.4 years, majority female (83%) and white (58%). 62% were SUS-exclusive and 38% non-SUS exclusive. Most common bDMARD was adalimumab and etanercept. Age (adjusted odds ratio 1.78 [50+]; 95% CI 1.57–2.01), SUS exclusive (0.53;0.47–0.59), distance to clinic [160 + km] (0.57;0.45–0.72), and pre-index csDMARD claims (1.23;1.08–1.41) were independent predictors of initiating a novel oral tsDMARD. Switching from bDMARD to tsDMARD, associations were similar, except directionality of SUS exclusive (adjusted hazard ratio 1.10;1.03–1.18), distance to clinic (1.18;1.03–1.35), and number of previous bDMARD (0.15;0.14–0.16).
Conclusion
DATASUS is a valid source for treatment-related analyses in RA reflecting the public health system in Brazil.
An evaluation of the influence of the images of orthodontists with malocclusions on social media and their impact on professional credibility
Authors: Bark Mohamad , Gasparello Gil , Hartmann Giovani , Mota-Júnior Sergio , Acciaris Fabio , Pithon Matheus , Tanaka Orlando
Published: January 2023

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate perceptions of the credibility of orthodontists with malocclusions and whether these affect the willingness of laypeople to become patients through eye-tracking technology and a questionnaire.
Materials and methods Ninety-five lay raters are evaluated through eye tracking and a questionnaire comprising 12 images of orthodontists with malocclusions. The malocclusions selected through the Orthodontic Treatment Need Index (IOTN) groups are: IOTN grade 1 (close to the ideal), 3 (anterior crowding), and 5 (with diastemas). Eye-tracking data are collected for the fixation points, and credibility was analyzed through questionnaires. A word cloud was generated on the Mentimeter platform. To validate the study and conduct a reliability test, the questionnaire was conducted twice during the preliminary stage of data collection.
Results IOTN 1 received a better evaluation for credibility and competence and shows a significant difference when compared to IOTN 3 (p < 0.001) and 5 (p < 0.001). In addition, raters felt more confident in installing an orthodontic treatment appliance, if necessary, with an IOTN 1 orthodontist compared to IOTNs 3 and 5. For the fixation points, a difference was seen, since the attention of the individuals for IOTN 1 was divided between the eyes and the mouth, while for IOTN 3 and 5, the raters paid more attention to the mouth. The word cloud showed that the raters for IOTN 3 and 5 repeat the words “crooked teeth” and “spacing” most often.
Conclusion Orthodontists with IOTN 1 were perceived as more competent, reliable, and professional, and laypeople are more likely to become their patients.
Clinical significance The professionals' smiles play a large role in laypeople's decision to select them as their orthodontist, and strategic use of social media, can bring health information to many more people more rapidly and directly.
Opioid-sparing anesthesia with dexmedetomidine provides stable hemodynamic and short hospital stay in non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a propensity score matching cohort study
Authors: Ke Hui-Hsuan , Liou Jing-Yang , Teng Wei-Nung , Hsu Po-Kuei , Tsou Mei-Yung , Chang Wen-Kuei , Ting Chien-Kun
Published: January 2023

Objectives
Dexmedetomidine is an alpha-2 agonist with anti-anxiety, sedative, and analgesic effects and causes a lesser degree of respiratory depression. We hypothesized that the use of dexmedetomidine in non-intubated video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) may reduce opioid-related complications such as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), dyspnea, constipation, dizziness, skin itching, and cause minimal respiratory depression, and stable hemodynamic status.
Methods
Patients who underwent non-intubated VATS lung wedge resection with propofol combined with dexmedetomidine (group D) or alfentanil (group O) between December 2016 and May 2022 were enrolled in this retrospective propensity score matching cohort study. Intraoperative vital signs, arterial blood gas data, perioperative results and treatment outcomes were analyzed.
Results
Of 100 patients included in the study (group D, 50 and group O, 50 patients), group D had a significantly lower degree of decrement in the heart rate and the blood pressure than group O. Intraoperative one-lung arterial blood gas revealed lower pH and significant CO2 retention in group O than group D. The common opioid-related side effects, including PONV, dyspnea, constipation, dizziness, and skin itching, all of which occurred more frequently in group O than in group D. Patients in group O had significantly longer postoperative hospital stay and total hospital stay than group D, which might be due to opioid-related side effects postoperatively.
Conclusions
The application of dexmedetomidine in non-intubated VATS resulted in a significant reduction in perioperative opioid-related complications and maintenance with acceptable hemodynamic performance. These clinical outcomes may enhance patient satisfaction and shorten the hospital stay.
Non-transferable Blockchain-based Identity Authentication
Authors: Fu Yuxia , Shao Jun , Huang Qingjia , Zhou Qihang , Feng Huamin , Jia Xiaoqi , Wang Ruiyi , Feng Wenzhi
Published: January 2023

Due to the identification functionality, identity authentication is the first and primary security step in many information systems. There exist many works dedicated to giving secure identity authentication. However, most of the existing schemes suffer from at least one of the following problems: heavy account management, single point of failure, and privacy leakage. To tackle these challenges, we propose two blockchain-based identity authentication schemes in this paper. One is based on the famous Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol and is efficient but with user-verifier interaction. The other utilizes the ring signature, which is non-interactive with a small computational cost. Besides the traditional security properties, such as unforgeability and identity anonymity, our proposed schemes can hold non-transferability, i.e., the verifier cannot prove the user's identity authentication to any third party. At last, the extensive experimental results demonstrate that our proposals are practical and efficient.
Mechanisms of Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways in diabetic wound and potential treatment strategies
Authors: Cai Feiyu , Chen Wenjiao , Zhao Ruomei , Liu Yi
Published: January 2023

The issue of delayed wound healing or nonhealing in diabetic patients presents a challenge for modern medicine. A number of attempts have been made to understand the mechanisms behind diabetic wound. In a hyperglycemic environment, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) disturb the balance between oxidation and antioxidant, causing the wound environment to deteriorate. It has been established that the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathways play an important role in regulating inflammation and oxidative stress. Several potential treatment strategies involving Nrf2 and/or NF-κB pathways have been explored in previous studies. Hence, we analyzed mechanisms and changes in Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways in response to oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic environment. Additionally, we reviewed potential treatment strategies from the past five years for diabetic wound by Nrf2 and/or NF-κB pathways, including receptor agonists, vitamins, hormones, exosomes, drugs, plants, and biomaterials. It may be useful to develop drugs to promote diabetic wound healing.
Political Ideology of Disaster Reduction: Does Innovation Matter?
Authors: Avom Desire , Ndjokou Itchoko Motande Mondjeli Mwa , atanga Donald Ferdinand Okere
Published: January 2023

The aim of this article is to study the effect of government ideology on natural disaster prevention in developing countries, taking into account the role of innovation. The study covers a sample of 91 developing countries over the period 1990 to 2020. The methodology used refers to binary choice models, since our dependent variable takes the value 1 if the country has experienced a natural disaster at a given date and 0 otherwise. We implement here a fixed effects logit model. Our results show that for all three declinations of government ideology (Right, Left and Centre) innovation tends to increase the probability of natural disasters in developing countries. This result is consistent with the alternative measure of innovation (total factor productivity) only for left-wing governments. We can suggest that the focus should be on policies to increase building standards and encourage sound innovation.
Jel Codes : P26, Q54, Q55.
Clinical Plasma Cells-related Genes to Aid Therapy in Colon Cancer
Authors: Zhang Qi , Feng Xiao , Zhang Mingming , Sun Wenjing , Zhai Yuqing , Qing Shuangshuang , Liu Ying , Zhao Haoran , Zhang Yi , Ma Zhaoqun , Sun Jing
Published: January 2023

Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of colon cancer (CC) shows quite a lot immune cell infiltration (IMI), and have been identified to be extensively drawn into the evolution of CC. Accumulated evidence demonstrated that plasma cells (PC) play an extremely significance role in advance of antitumor immune. Nonetheless, comprehensive analysis of PC infiltration in clinical prognosis and immunotherapy was poor in CC. This reasearch systematically addresses the gene expression model and clinical information of colon cancer patients (CCP) downloaded from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) databases in the current study. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), GSVA, and the MAlignant Tumors using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm were employed to research the potential mechanism and pathways. Immunophenoscore (IPS) was executed to evaluate immunotherapeutic significance of risk score (RS). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of chemotherapeutic medicine was predicted by employing the pRRophetic algorithm. Herein, 513 CC samples (including 472 tumor samples and 41 normal samples) were collected from TCGA-GDC database. Significant black module and 313 candidate genes were considered as PC-related genes by accessing WGCNA. Five pivotal genes were established through multiple analysis, which perform excellent prognostic. Then, we futher to explored underlying correlation between RS with tumor mutation burden (TMB). In addition, RS obviously correlated with various of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Different risk CC samples showed various signaling pathways activity and pivotal different sensitivities to administering chemotherapy. At the end, the biological roles of CD177 gene were uncovered in CC.
Physical Activity intervention using Badminton sports - A study protocol for Cardiovascular and Neuromuscular function among older adults in UAE
Authors: Hazari Animesh , Kumar Praveen
Published: January 2023

Background
The World Health Organization has declared physical inactivity as fourth leading cause of death and major risk factor non-communicable diseases. Studies suggest that the higher prevalence for non-communicable disease adds to extreme health and financial burden to United Arab Emirates and promotion of physical activities could help combat this situation. Sports play a significant role in the promotion of physical activity. Badminton holds a significant position in popularity for outdoor sports. Among all sports, badminton targets the cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and neurological systems significantly
Methodology:
An Experimental, double blinded randomized controlled trial would be conducted at the Body and Soul Sport Complex, Gulf Medical University, UAE. A total of 120 older adults (40 to 70 years) would be divided into three groups of 40 each viz. with non- communicable disease (WCN), without non- communicable disease (WICN) and healthy control group (HCG). Physical activity intervention consists of two months (8 weeks), 3 days a week Badminton session to WCN and WICN group for major cardiovascular and neuromuscular parameters. A comparison would be done between and within group at baseline and post 2 months badminton sessions with the age and gender matched HCG.
Discussion
The study is aimed to determine the effects of physical activity on cardiovascular and neuromuscular functions of older adults in UAE along, thereby reducing the burden on non-communicable diseases with engagement into sports activities. The immediate impact can be seen at drawing attention of the authorities and changes in the status of non-communicable disease among UAE population with introduction of such physical activity program on larger scale. The impact could also be seen with the development of necessary infrastructure and instrumentation in other parts of the country. The findings would encourage people to engage themselves in outdoor sports activities and incorporate this in daily routine for better body functioning.
Trial Registration:
The study has been registered under the Clinical Trial Registry (REF/2022/02/051455), February 8th ,2022, http://ctri.nic.in
The Effects of Biosynthesis Silver Nanoparticle on Oxidative Stress Parameters in Model Organism Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: ÜNAL İlkay , GÜRKAN selin ERTÜRK
Published: January 2023

As a result of the release of nanomaterials into the ecosystem, the possibility of living things being exposed to these nanostructures has also increased. For this reason, nanotoxicology studies have gained importance. Evaluation of the effects of nanomaterials in various habitats and living groups is increasing with in vitro and in vivo studies. This study aims to describe a biological procedure to synthesize silver nanoparticles using an extract of Marrubium astracanicum and to determine the aquatic environment's oxidative stress on Artemia salina. Silver nanoparticle formation was visually observed with color change. Its structural properties, such as size, shape, morphology, and stability, were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, TEM, SEM, XRD, and DLS analyses. The effects of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles at different concentrations(control,0.2, 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 mg/mL) and exposure times (24, 48 and 72 hours) on total glutathione and lipid peroxidation levels were investigated on the Artemia salina organism, which is one of the most common saltwater organisms frequently used in ecotoxicity tests.
Impact of Allopurinol on early and one-year outcomes of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Daviran Nilgoon , Nateghian Hooman , Separham Ahmad , Ghaffari Samad , Sohrabi Bahram , Aslanabadi Naser , Raadi Mehrdad , Asbagh Amirhosein Ghafouri
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Due to the potential benefits of allopurinol in ischemic reperfusion injury, this randomized control trial was performed to evaluate the pretreatment allopurinol effect on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was performed on 170 first-time STEMI patients undergoing pPCI. Before the pPCI, patients in intervention group (n=85) received 300 mg dose of allopurinol and control group (n=85) received placebo. Then, for the next 28 days, 100 mg of allopurinol was given to allopurinol group and placebo to the other group. Patients were compared regarding the baseline characteristics, clinical findings and one-year MACE.
Results: Our findings showed that patients receiving allopurinol had significantly longer door-to-balloon time than the control group (60.76 ± 19.38 vs. 50.06 ± 16.38 P-value: 0.001). During one year of follow-up, HF, CVA and mortality occurred more frequently in allopurinol group but differences were not statistically significant. No significant difference was also seen between the two groups regarding MACE during follow-up or hospitalization (p-value: 0.179, 0.330 respectively). Kaplan-Meier curve could not show a significant difference between the two groups in terms of mortality and MACE (P-value: 0.317 and 0.128 respectively).
Conclusion: According to findings of this trial allopurinol had no cardioprotective effect against adverse cardiovascular events or death in patients undergoing pPCI.
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Gold with Intense Femtosecond Laser Excitations above the Damage Threshold
Authors: Wang Zibo , Kan Zhe , Shen Mengyan
Published: January 2023

The nonlinear optical properties of gold thin films have been studied under the irradiation of destructive laser pluses. The transmissivity and the reflectivity of a 100-nm-thick gold film are measured with femtosecond laser irradiations up to 106 J/m2 fluence, which is much higher than the damage threshold of gold. The nonlinearity is calculated with Fresnel loss equations. The real part of the complex refractive index is calculated to have a peak at ~ 10 kJ/m2, which is close to the damage threshold. The complex third-order nonlinear susceptibility χ3 is estimated to be (3.87−6.64𝑖)×10−21𝑚2/𝑉2, which agrees the trend in previous reports that it decreases as pulse duration decreases. This nonlinearity is further studied with a plasmon-photon exchange (PPE) model, where laser induced plasmons and absorbed photons are strongly correlated. The result of the simulation with the PPE model is in good agreement with the experimental transmissivity above the damage threshold. The model predicted an interaction time between photons and plasmons to be about 500 fs. This model is found to be essential in understanding such nonlinear optical processes under both extremely high and conventionally low laser irradiations.
The importance of guided physical activity in the first 48 months: differences in motor skills
Authors: Rebelo Miguel , Serrano João , Paulo Rui , Duarte-Mendes Pedro , Santos Jorge , Honório Samuel , Petrica João
Published: January 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to verify whether there were differences in the development of motor skills (global and fine) comparing children who have oriented physical activity and children who do not, in day care centers and kindergartens.
Methods: In this study, 400 children of both sexes (28.14 ± 7.23 months) participated. Two groups were created (the group that has oriented physical activity and the group that does not have oriented physical activity) and for a better understanding they were divided into 3 age groups (12-23, 24-35 and 36-48 months). Motor skills were assessed using the PDMS-2 test battery scales. For data analysis we used descriptive and inferential statistics. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the Mann-Whitney test were applied. The method of inferences based on the magnitude of the effects was also performed.
Results: The results obtained indicate that it is only after 36 months that most children practice oriented physical activity, and in all age groups, it is this group that obtains, on average, better results in all motor skills, with greater emphasis in the age group of 24-35 months.
Conclusions: However, the most important conclusion is that it is in the first months (up to 36) that there are greater differences, but it is also where there are fewer children to perform guided physical activity, this is an important factor, to make institutions aware of the importance of physical activity, especially in the first few months, noting that physical activity classes at the day care center are a privileged moment to stimulate fundamental motor skills.
The compared study about femoral stem alignment with or without the special curve rasp during DAA total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Lin Bei , Lan Yiping , Lu Zhiming , Xie Shiwei , Lin Feitai , Weng Yan , Feng Eryou , Chen Jinhua
Published: January 2023

Objective
To investigate whether the application of a curved rasp on the femoral side is effective in reducing the incidence of stem valgus-varus in total hip replacement with direct anterior approach (DA-THA), followed by the analysis of the independent risk factors affecting stem alignment.
Methods
Retrospective analysis was carried out covering 160 patients undergoing DA-THA from January 2019 to December 2021, with Tri-lock (BPS) stem applied in all 120 patients were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data of gender, age, body mass index, FAR ratio, pelvic morphology ratio, femoral stem placement angle, use of curved rasp, intraoperative complications, WOMAC scores, were analyzed to explore the independent factors influencing the valgus-varus of the femoral prosthesis implantation. Then data of patients were divided into group A and group B according to whether the curved rasp was taken during the operation. The chi-square test was performed to compare the incidence of femoral malalignment between the two groups.
Results
There revealed two independent risk factors: BMI and FAR score that affected femoral stem alignment. The increased BMI was associated with a higher probability of stem malalignment (p < 0.05), FAR score < 1, with 44.00% of stem malalignment. Further analysis of subgroups revealed a 27.5% incidence of stem malalignment in patients with intraoperative application of curved rasp, the incidence of stem malalignment was significantly increased to 48.8% without curved rasp (p = 0.02). All prosthesis placement angles in group A were more illustrious than group B, especially in the statistically significant differences moderate (9.10%)/severe (8.30%) valgus and varus (p < 0.05). There found no significant difference in intraoperative complications and last follow-up assessment of WOMAC scores between the two groups of patients.
Conclusions
In DA-THA, BMI and FAR act as the independent risk factors for femoral stem malalignment.Intraoperative use of an curved rasp significantly reduces the incidence of malalignment of the femoral stem.
Petrogenesis of juvenile pelletal lapilli in ultramafic lamprophyres: A new type of “melt inclusions”
Authors: Prokopyev Ilya , Doroshkevich Anna , Starikova Anastasia , Kovalev Semen , Izokh Andrey , Nugumanova Yazgul
Published: January 2023

The Chadobets alkaline-carbonatite complex (Siberian craton) is a natural laboratory for all varieties of ultramafic lamprophyres, including damtjernites formed by fluid-explosion mechanisms, which contain a large number of pelletal lapilli. Data obtained from comprehensive mineralogical, structural and chemical studies of these pelletal lapilli show strong similarity with the main magmatic mineral assemblage of damtjernites, suggesting a juvenile composition for them. The composition of phlogopite, carbonate and fluorapatite in pelletal lapilli is mostly constrained toward primitive compositions (beginning) of mineral crystallization trends in ultramafic lamprophyres. According to the petrographic and mineralogical features found in pelletal lapilli from damtjernites, these can be divided into three types based on the conditions and depth they were formed at. Estimated late magmatic temperatures of pelletal lapilli mica and fluorapatite formation vary from 815–990°C. The distinct composition and genesis of juvenile pelletal lapilli allows us to propose them as a new type of melt inclusions in ultramafic lamprophyres.
Prognosis prediction of patients with gastric cancer by a risk model based on immunogenic cell death-related genes
Authors: Wu Jianli , Li Le , Cheng Zhenyun
Published: January 2023

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) plays an important role in cancer. We aimed to classify patients with gastric cancer based on ICD gene-expression levels and construct a risk model to predict patient prognosis. A total of 33 ICD genes were obtained from a previously published study. Gene expression and clinical data of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. ConsensusClusterPlus analysis was used to cluster the patients based on ICD-gene expression. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to compare the prognosis of patients in different clusters. Differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) within the two ICD clusters were screened. LASSO and stepwise Cox regression analyses were performed to construct the prognosis-related risk model. Finally, a nomogram was constructed based on the independent factors. There was a difference in ICD gene-expression patterns between tumor and normal samples. Patients in the C1 cluster had a significantly better prognosis compared to those in the C2 cluster. Apolipoprotein D (APOD), collagen, type VIII, alpha 1 (COL8A1), collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1), fibrillin 1 (FBN1), follistatin-related protein 1 (FSTL1), heat shock protein beta-8 (HSPB8), and secreted frizzled related protein 2 (SFRP2) genes were used to construct the risk model. Additionally, patients in the high-risk group had a significantly worse prognosis than those in the low-risk group. Age, stage, and risk groups were incorporated into the nomogram model. This nomogram showed great predictive value. Clusters of patients with gastric cancer based on ICD gene-expression levels had a predictive prognosis value. The risk score model constructed using APOD, COL8A1, CTHRC1, FBN1, FSTL1, HSPB8, and SFRP2 was an independent factor for poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients.
Similar growth responses to climatic variations in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica) at the northern range limit of beech
Authors: Lie Marit H , Asplund Johan , Göhl Matthias , Ohlson Mikael , Nybakken Line
Published: January 2023

In south-east Norway, in the hemiboreal vegetation zone, the beech reaches its northern distribution limit and typically occupy the same type of sites as spruce. Under future climate change, this area is projected to fall within the temperate zone and beech to increase its distribution towards north at the expense of spruce. However, such forecasts are based on very broad scale estimates and the knowledge of climatic adaptation and the competitive potential of the beech and spruce populations at these latitudes is scarce. Here, we use a dendrochronological approach to study the growth performance of neighbouring spruce and beech trees to climate variability over a period of 70 years. The two species responded quite similarly to variation in climate in the study area. Both showed increased incremental growth in response to high precipitation both in previous and present year June, indicating that water is a limiting resource. In addition, beech showed a negative response to high temperatures in previous July and August, which is probably connected with growth reductions due to masting. Overall, spruce and beech in the hemiboreal zone show comparable responses to climatic variations as in the temperate zone. Due to the different drought-handling strategies of the two species, we suggest that the intensity of summer droughts and the variability between years are likely factors that would be decisive for which of them that will be more successful under future climatic conditions.
Importance of 24 Hours Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Patients With Acromegaly and Correlation With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Findings
Authors: Rocha Paula , Barroso Julia , Carlos Fernanda , Muxfeldt Elizabeth , Gadelha Monica , Kasuki Leandro
Published: January 2023

Arterial hypertension (AH) is prevalent in acromegaly, but few studies using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24h-ABPM) suggest that its frequency may be different from office blood pressure (OBP). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is one of the most frequent cardiac abnormalities. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is considered the gold standard to evaluate the heart.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the frequency of AH when measured by 24h-ABPM and by OBP and to correlate BP with cardiac mass.
METHODS: Patients over 18 years of age with acromegaly underwent OBP evaluation and were later referred to the 24h-ABPM. Treatment-naïve patients were submitted to CMR.
RESULTS: We evaluated 96 patients. From 29 non hypertensive patients by OBP, 9 had AH on 24h-ABPM. In the group of patients with a previous diagnosis of AH by OBP, 25 had controlled BP and 42 had abnormal BP on 24h-ABPM when analyzed by OBP there were 28 with controlled BP. We observed a positive correlation between diastolic BP measured in 24h-ABPM and IGF-I levels, but we do not observe the same correlation with age, sex, body mass index and GH levels. The CMR was performed in 11 patients. We found a positive correlation of left ventricular mass (LVM) and BP of 24h-ABPM. In contrast, there was no correlation of OBP with CMR parameters.
CONCLUSIONS: We observed, that 24h-ABPM in acromegaly allows the diagnosis of AH in some patients with normal BP in OBP and also to allow a better treatment. 24h-ABPM shows a better correlation with VM by CMR.
We observed that 24h-ABPM in acromegaly is important because it allows the diagnosis of arterial hypertension in some patients with normal blood pressure in OBP and also to allow a better management of drug treatment in patients previously diagnosed with AH. Also, it shows a better correlation with ventricular mass when assessed by the gold-standard method CMR. Therefore, we think our study can contribute to the management of patients with acromegaly, highlighting the importance of using 24h-ABPM and not only OBP in these patients.
A low-rank update for relaxed Schur complementpreconditioners in fluid flow problems
Authors: Beddig Rebekka S. , Behrens Jörn , Borne Sabine Le
Published: January 2023

The simulation of fluid dynamic problems often involves solving large-scale saddle-point systems.Their numerical solution with iterative solvers requires efficient preconditioners. Low-rank updates canadapt standard preconditioners to accelerate their convergence. We consider a multiplicative low-rank cor-rection for pressure Schur complement preconditioners that is based on a (randomized) low-rank approxi-mation of the error between the identity and the preconditioned Schur complement. We further introducea relaxation parameter that scales the initial preconditioner. This parameter can improve the initial pre-conditioner as well as the update scheme. We provide an error analysis for the described update method.Numerical results for the linearized Navier-Stokes equations in a model for atmospheric dynamics on twodifferent geometries illustrate the action of the update scheme. We numerically analyze various parametersof the low-rank update with respect to their influence on convergence and computational time.
MSC codes. 65F08, 65F10, 65N22, 65F55
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Different Treatment Approaches in Preventing Coronal Discoloration Caused By Regenerative Endodontic Treatment
Authors: Ateş Melis Oya , Aydın Z. Uğur
Published: January 2023

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Teethmate desensitizer, a dentin bonding agent (DBA), Nd:YAG laser, and Er:YAG laser, which provides dentin tubule occlusion in the pulp chamber with different mechanisms, in preventing tooth discoloration due to regenerative endodontic treatment.
Materials and Methods
One hundred five extracted maxillary human incisors with single roots and single canals were included in the study. The apical third of each tooth was resected below the enamel-cementum junction (CEJ) to obtain a standard root length as 10 ± 1 mm. Root canal preparation was performed using the ProTaper Next files up to X5. Root canals were prepared with Gates Glidden (# 2–4) burs to simulate the immature root apex and an apical diameter of 1.1 ± 0.1 mm was obtained. The teeth were randomly divided into 7 groups (n = 15): DBA, Teethmate, Nd:YAG, Er:YAG, Biodentine, Blood, and Negative Control. Relevant dentin tubule occlusion methods were applied to DBA, Teethmate, Nd:YAG, and Er:YAG groups. Biodentine was placed on the blood clot after filling the root canals with blood up to 4 mm below the CEJ in all groups, except for blood and Biodentine applications only. Color measurement was performed with the spectrophotometer Vita Easyshade Advance before treatment, immediately after treatment, and at days 7, 30, and 90. Data were converted to L*a*b color values of Commission International de I'Eclairage (CIE L*a*b) and ΔE values were calculated. Two-way Anova and Post-Hoc Tukey test (p = 0.05) were performed for statistical analysis.
Results
A clinically detectable color change was observed in all groups except for the negative control (ΔE ≥ 3,3). It was observed that Biodentine used alone has a potential for discoloration. It was determined that as the contact time with blood increased, tooth discoloration increased. However, no significant difference was found between dentin tubule occlusion methods in preventing color change (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
It was determined that no dentin tubule occlusion method could 100% prevent discoloration caused by RET.
Clinical Relevance
DBA and Teethmate, which do not have a significant difference in terms of preventing color change, are considered to be suitable for dentin tubule occlusion due to their ease of application and low cost compared to Nd:YAG laser and Er:YAG laser.
The Effect of Direct and Indirect Taxes on Economic Growth in the Turkish Economy: the Ardl Boundary Test Approach
Authors: Korkmaz Suna , Korkmaz Özge
Published: January 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A Context-Aware Personalized Recommendation System for Smart Home Automation based on Unsupervised and Supervised Learning Algorithms
Authors: Dilekh Tahar , Benharzallah Saber , Mokeddem Ayoub , Kerdoudi Saoueb
Published: January 2023

Current home automation systems allow remote monitoring and control of smart home devices. However, the problem caused by autonomous or self-controlled home automation is that predicting inhabitant behaviour and desires in every situation with 100% accuracy is unrealistic, at least for now. Therefore, the actual implementation of autonomous home automation may prove daunting and rigid for some users. Additionally, inhabitants want to be in control and want control over when and how things are done, this is due to their anxiety about losing control in favor of autonomous home automation. A personalized recommendation system for smart home residents with a certain degree of confidence is therefore ideal. This paper proposes a methodology to build a context-aware personalised recommender system for smart home automation. We suggest a predictive model for useful automation services of relevant smart home devices that smart home residents’ may wish to perform, by capturing the user’s current state and contextual preferences at that time. This is done by applying, in the first stage, an unsupervised algorithm to extract rules of behavior based on the resident’s previous interactions and passively captured in their daily lives by IoT-enabled sensors, and then, in the second stage, applying a supervised algorithm to recommend automation services in future instances when the actual behaviour of the user and context matches the established rules. Evaluations of smart home datasets show that the system produces correct recommendations with an average accuracy of 86.99%, a recall of 76.06%, and a precision of 82.67%.
Salvage McKeown esophagectomy for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus with a history of total pharyngolaryngectomy and free jejunal graft reconstruction
Authors: Sugawara Kotaro , Fukuda Takashi , Kishimoto Yutaka , Oka Daiji , Shirakura Satoru , Kawashima Yoshiyuki
Published: January 2023

A 64-year-old man, who had previously undergone definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) and endoscopic resections for metachronous multiple esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and had also received total pharyngolaryngectomy (TPL) for hypopharyngeal cancer, was diagnosed with ESCC in the middle thoracic esophagus (cT3N0M0). Salvage surgery was performed via thoracoscopy. Although the tumor was tightly adherent to the thoracic duct and both main bronchi, they were successfully mobilized. In order to maintain the blood supply to the trachea, we preserved the bilateral bronchial arteries and avoided prophylactic peritracheal lymph node dissection. Cervical end-to-side anastomosis between the jejunum and a gastric conduit was performed. Minor pneumothorax was managed conservatively, and the patient was discharged 44 days after the surgery. Overall, thoracoscopic salvage McKeown esophagectomy was safely performed in a patient with a history of TPL and dCRT. Surgeons should be very careful to prevent tracheobronchial ischemia by optimizing the extent of lymph node dissection.
Polyploid Induction Enhance Pigment Production in Nannochoropsis oculata: A study using a mutagenesis agent.
Authors: Rahmawati Kurnia , Yunianta Yunianta , Risjani Yenny
Published: January 2023

Directed mutagenesis by chemical induction using a mutagenesis agent to induce polyploidy on Nannochloropsis oculata can be an option to get higher biomass production of this microalgae. The aim of this research is to investigate the increase of biomass, pigment and DNA content of this microalgae after polyploid induction using a mutagenesis agent, colchicine. This microalgae induced with colchicine at a concentration of 0; 10; 100; 1,000 and 10,000 mg L-1 for 24, 48, and 72 hours for preliminary study. Further investigation using 48 hours treatment because it gives significant increase of biomass and pigment. The microalgae cultivated in sterilized seawater under constant light and aeration. A groups of 10 mg L-1 colchicine with 48 hour incubation showed significant increase of cell size and DNA content, but not in pigment. This groups might have an increase in another cell component, i.e. lipid. A groups of 1.000 mg L-1 colchicine induction for 48 hours, showed an increase in biomass and pigment production. So that, the use of 10 mg L-1 colchicine induction for 48 hours can increase the cell and genome size of N. oculata while a concentration of 1,000 mg L-1 did not increased genome size but increase the pigment and biomass production.
Cascade amplification of tumor chemodynamic therapy and starvation with re- educated TAMs via Fe-MOF based functional nanosystem
Authors: Zheng Xinmin , Li Xiang , Meng Siyu , Shi Guolin , Li Hui , Du Huiping , Dai Liangliang , Yang Hui
Published: January 2023

Tumor microenvironment is characterized by the high concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is an effective key used to open the pandora's box against cancer. Herein, a tumor-targeted nanosystem HFNP@GOX@PFC composed of ROS-cleaved Fe-based metal-organic framework, hyaluronic acid (HA), glucose oxidase (GOX) and perfluorohexane (PFC) has been developed for tumor cascade amplified starvation and chemodynamic therapy (CDT). In response to the high concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) intratumorally, HFNP@GOX@PFC endocytosed by tumor cells can specially be disassembled and release GOX, PFC and Fe2+, which can collectively starve tumor and self-produce additional H2O2via competitively glucose catalyzing, supply oxygen to continuous support GOX-mediated starvation therapy, initiate CDT and cascade amplify oxidative stress via Fe2+-mediated Fenton reaction, leading to the serious tumor damage with activated p53 signal pathway. Moreover, HFNP@GOX@PFC also significantly initiates antitumor immune response via re-educating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) by activating NF-κB and MAPK signal pathway.In vitroandin vivoresults collectively demonstrate that nanosystem not only continuously initiates starvation therapy, but also pronouncedly cascade-amplify CDT and polarize TAMs, consequently efficiently inhibiting tumor growth with good biosafety. The functional nanosystem combined the cascade amplification of starvation and CDT provides a new nanoplatform for tumor therapy.