bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synergistic potential of dillapiole-rich essential oil with synthetic pyrethroid insecticides against fall armyworm
Authors: Fazolin Murilo , Estrela Joelma Lima Vidal , Medeiros André Fábio Monteiro , Silva Iriana Maria da , Gomes Luiara Paiva , Silva Maria Samylla de Farias
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the synergy and response homogeneity of the Spodoptera frugiperda larvae population to the Piper aduncum essential oil in combination with pyrethroid insecticides (alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, fenpropathrin, and gamma-cyhalothrin) compared to piperonylbutoxide (PBO) as positive control. Synergism (SF) comparisons were obtained using lethal concentration (LC50) and lethal dose (LD50) ratios of insecticides individually and in their respective synergistic combinations with essential oil and PBO. Dose/concentration-mortality slope curves were used to establish relative toxicity increase promoted by synergism. They also determined homogeneity response. Residual contact revealed significant potentiation for commercial insecticides formulated with beta-cypermethrin (SF=9.05-0.5) and fenpropathrin (SF=34.05-49.77) when combined with the P. aduncum essential oil. For topical contact, significant potentiation occurred only for alpha-cypermethrin (SF=7.55-3.68), fenpropathrin (SF=3.37-1.21), and gamma-cyhalothrin (SF=5.79-10.48) insecticides when combined with essential oil. With the exception of fenpropathrin and gamma-cyhalothrin, insecticides synergistic combinations presented homogeneous response by topical as well as residual contact at least with essential oil. The SF significance values of the P. aduncum essential oil combined with alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, fenpropathrin, and gamma-cyhalothrin insecticides indicated potential for this oil to be used as an alternative to PBO.
An update on equine laminitis
Authors: Laskoski Luciane Maria , Valadão Carlos Augusto Araújo , Dittrich Rosangela Locatelli , Deconto Ivan , Faleiros Rafael Resende
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT: Laminitis is a severe podal affection, which pathophysiology remains partially renowned. Ischemic, enzymatic, metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms are connected to the development of laminar lesions. However, few therapeutic measures are effective to prevent or control the severity of acute laminitis and its prodromal stage, which often determines serious complications such as rotation and/or sinking of the distal phalanx and even the loss of hoof. The purpose of this study is to compile the actual knowledge in respect to the pathophysiology and treatment of equine laminitis.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella Gallinarum and Salmonella Pullorum isolated from ill poultry in Brazil
Authors: Penha Filho Rafael Antonio Casarin , Ferreira Joseane Cristina , Kanashiro Ana Maria Iba , Darini Ana Lúcia da Costa , Berchieri Junior Angelo
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT: Salmonella Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum) and Salmonella Pullorum (S. Pullorum) are poultry host-specific, agents of fowl typhoid and pullorum disease, respectively. These biovars cause septicemic infections, resulting in high mortality. Outbreaks are frequently reported worldwide, causing losses due to the elimination of infected flocks and treatments. The use of antimicrobial agents is frequent in poultry farms to prevent or treat gastrointestinal infections. In the present research it was evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility of 50 S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum isolates, from outbreaks that occurred between 1987 to 1991 and 2006 to 2013. The comparison of the susceptibility profiles showed that all isolates were susceptible to β-lactams. All isolates from 1987-1991 were susceptible to all antibiotics tested except NAL and CIP (78%). The susceptibility profile of S. Gallinarum (2006 - 2013 period) was the following NAL (58%), CIP (63%), ENR (67%), TET (92%), FFC (96%) and SXT (96%). S. Pullorum isolates (2006 - 2013 period) showed the following susceptibility rates to NAL (65%), CIP (71%), ENR (94%) and TET (94%). All isolates were susceptible to β-lactams tested, however, resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones increased over time. Furthermore, low levels of resistance to other antibiotics were found in recent isolates, such as tetracyclines.
Variabilidade espacial da produtividade de milho irrigado e sua correlação com variáveis explicativas de planta
Authors: Vian André Luis , Santi Antônio Luis , Amado Telmo Jorge Carneiro , Cherubin Maurício Roberto , Simon Diego Henrique , Damian Junior Melo , Bredemeier Christian
Published: January 2016

RESUMO: Em decorrência da instabilidade da produtividade das principais culturas associada ao déficit hídrico, tem se tornado cada vez mais frequente a necessidade do uso de tecnologias como a irrigação e a agricultura de precisão (AP). O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a variabilidade espacial da produtividade de grãos de milho e sua correlação com variáveis explicativas de planta em área irrigada. O estudo foi conduzido nas safras agrícolas 2010/2011 e 2011/2012, em área de 35ha, manejada em sistema plantio direto e irrigação por pivô central. Os componentes de produtividade e a produtividade de grãos foram avaliados seguindo uma malha amostral de 100x100m. A produtividade de grãos e a maior parte dos componentes de produtividade apresentaram baixa dispersão dos dados, condicionando a normalidade dos dados. A produtividade de grãos, mesmo com a irrigação, apresentou elevada variabilidade espacial. Na análise de trilha, verificaram-se altos coeficientes de determinação dos componentes de produtividade com a produtividade de grãos.
A racionalização do trabalho dos assistentes sociais do INSS
Authors: Prado Fernanda de Oliveira , Duarte Evaristo Emigdio Colmán
Published: January 2016

Resumo O presente artigo examina a influência da racionalização sobre os processos de trabalho dos assistentes sociais que atuam na Política de Previdência Social, especificamente no Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS). A pesquisa teve por base os dados coletados através de questionários aplicados a um determinado grupo de assistentes sociais que trabalhavam em Agências da Previdência Social do INSS e a análise de suas rotinas de trabalho. A análise constatou que no INSS a implantação de mecanismos de racionalização do trabalho dos assistentes sociais encontra-se em estágio avançado, os quais têm sido utilizados para aumentar a produtividade dos profissionais e também para restringir o acesso dos trabalhadores aos seus direitos.
A Lei de Terras no Brasil Império e os índios do Planalto Meridional: a luta política e diplomática do Kaingang Vitorino Condá (1845-1870)
Authors: Souza Almir Antonio de
Published: January 2016

RESUMO O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a legislação de terras do Brasil Império com base na sua principal lei, a Lei de Terras - as condições em que foi forjada, bem como sua influência sobre as terras indígenas do Planalto Meridional. O foco da investigação é a luta do Kaingang Vitorino Condá por suas terras, a partir de seu encontro político com o Conde de Caxias em 1845, até sua morte em 1870. As ações políticas e diplomáticas dos povos originários, que atuavam dentro da legislação e fora dela, se não dominavam totalmente as estratégias jurídicas dos invasores de suas terras, tiravam proveito delas em suas possibilidades de interpretação, o que permitiu a permanência de linhas de ações com estabelecimento de um espaço onde foi possível criar as próximas gerações e afirmar a continuidade de seu povo.
The significance of healthy aging for older persons who participated in health education groups
Authors: Valer Daiany Borghetti , Bierhals Carla Cristiane Becker Kottwitz , Aires Marinês , Paskulin Lisiane Manganelli Girardi
Published: January 2016

Introduction: Different terms have been used to describe the aging process while avoiding the negative consequences of advanced age. In this context healthy aging assumes a more extensive meaning than the absence of disease, and includes a process of adapting to the changes that occur throughout life, related to the maintenance of a healthy old age. Objective : To describe the meaning of healthy aging for older adults who participated in health education groups in the Basic Health Care Service of Porto Alegre in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Method: A qualitative and descriptive study of older adults who participated in health education groups was performed. The 30 participants answered the question "What is healthy aging for you?" Answers were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Twelve categories emerged during analysis, the most frequent of which were: adopt healthy behavior, have a social and support network, keep active, be healthy, be independent and autonomous, and have positive feelings. Conclusion : Wider meanings of healthy aging were identified, which embrace issues relevant to elderly health, although more individual aspects have been described in relation to aging.
Comparison of temporal and kinetic walking parameters among young people and falling and non-falling elderly persons
Authors: Briani Ronaldo Valdir , Taborda Bianca , Martines Érica Caroline Carvalho , Aragão Fernando Amâncio
Published: January 2016

Objective : Comparison of the biomechanical parameters (spatiotemporal and kinetic) during walking of young people, falling, and non-falling elderly persons. Methods : A cross-sectional study was performed of 29 individuals divided into three groups: young persons (n=10); falling elderly individuals (n=7) and non-falling individuals (n=12). Gait analysis was performed based on the recording of three walking gait cycles along an 8 meter platform, which was attached to a force plate with a recording frequency of 200 Hz. Gait cycles were also recorded by three video cameras positioned perpendicular to the force plate with a recording frequency of 60 Hz. The data analyzed was: average step velocity, stance time, Froude number and anteroposterior ground reaction force. Results : The average step velocity was higher among young persons and there was no difference in the Froude number among the three groups. During the stance and impulse phase, anterior and posterior force was higher among young persons than in the non-falling elderly group. The foot stance time of young individuals was also lower than the non-falling elderly group (p=0.000) and the foot stance time of the falling elderly group was lower than that of the non-falling elderly group (p=0.004). Conclusion : Falling and non-falling elderly persons have different gait biomechanical characteristics than young women, other than with respect to the Froude number. Furthermore, falling elderly persons spend more time in the gait swing phase than non-falling elderly persons.
Prevalence of phenotypic frailty during the aging process in a Portuguese community
Authors: Duarte Mafalda , Paúl Constança
Published: January 2016

The present study is based on the conceptual model defined by Fried which explains phenotypic frailty through the presence of the following criteria: weight loss; exhaustion; low physical activity; slowness and weakness. The aim of the present study was to identify the behaviour of phenotypic frailty and outline the profile of the frail elderly person. In order to do this, a random stratified sample of 339 individuals residing in the community was obtained. A frailty protocol was developed, composed of measures related to the aging process and phenotypic frailty. The results indicated a high prevalence of this syndrome (34.9%). It occurs more frequently among women (40.9%) and at more advanced ages (60.4%). The criteria that appeared most frequently in association with frailty are low physical activity (88.9%) and slowness (86.4%). Frail elderly individuals were characterized by being widow/separated/divorced (46.7%); illiterate (71.1%); living within a family with some degree of dependence (41.6%); living in unsuitable conditions (44.9%); having limited social relations (54.2%) and not receiving social support (37.6%). It can be concluded that frailty is a prevalent condition, and that the profile of the frail individual is associated with a set of characteristics that result in greater vulnerability, which suggests possible areas of intervention to minimize and delay this syndrome.
Validation of the two minute step test for diagnosis of the functional capacity of hypertensive elderly persons
Authors: Guedes Marcello Barbosa Otoni Gonçalves , Lopes Johnnatas Mikael , Andrade Achilles de Sousa , Guedes Thais Sousa Rodrigues , Ribeiro José Marcio , Cortez Luana Caroline de Assunção
Published: January 2016

Objectives : To analyze the accuracy of the 2 minute step test in the diagnosis of the normal functional capacity (FC) of hypertensive elderly individuals or hypertensive elderly individuals with other associated chronic conditions (ACC). Methods : An observational diagnosis type study of 101 subjects, 41 of whom were hypertensive and 60 of whom were normotensive, was carried out. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves (ROC) were constructed based on the normal FC variable. Results : For hypertensive patients, the 2MST, with an under the ROC curve area of 0.7 (95% CI: 0.50 to 0.87, p = 0.04), proved to be accurate at diagnosing FC. Among hypertensive individuals with an elevation of 69, sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 54% were observed. The 2MST was accurate at predicting normal FC among hypertensive patients with ACC, with an under the ROC curve area of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.69 to 1.00, p= 0.02). With an elevation of 65 the sensitivity was 83% and the specificity was 67%. Conclusions : The 2MST revealed good sensitivity and specificity when assessing the FC of elderly hypertensive individuals and elderly hypertensive patients with ACC, which was not the case among normotensive elderly persons.
Access to information on how to avoid oral health problems among elderly persons registered with the Family Health Strategy
Authors: Martins Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima , Haikal Desiree Sant'ana , Souza João Gabriel Silva , Sá Maria Aparecida Barbosa de , Ferreira Efigênia Ferreira e , Pordeus Isabela Almeida
Published: January 2016

Objectives : To identify the level of access to information regarding how to prevent oral health problems among the elderly, and verify if such levels were higher among members of households registered with the Family Health Strategy Program. Methods : An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted of a probabilistic complex sample of elderly (65-74 years old) members of the population of a large city. The level of access was estimated with adjustment for the design effect, as well as the magnitudes of association. Descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression (OR/CI95%) analysis was performed. Variables related to personal determinants, health services, health-related behavior and health outcomes were considered. Results : Of the 490 participants, 53.4% reported they had access to information about how to prevent oral health problems. This access was higher among elderly persons living in a household registered with the Family Health Strategy Program (2.04/1.14-3.67), and who had at least five years of schooling (2.53/1.67-3.83), regularly used dental services (1.84/1.07-3.17), did not smoke either now or in the past (1.79/1.13-2.82), did not suffer from chronic diseases (2.14/1.34-3.42) and had not suffered social impacts because of their oral health conditions (1.77/1.08-2.91). Conclusion : Most of the elderly persons had access to information about how to prevent oral health problems, with such access being greater among those registered with the Family Health Strategy Program.
Ética e pesquisa: autonomia e heteronomia na prática científica
Authors: Severino Antonio Joaquim
Published: January 2016

O ensaio debate, sob a perspectiva filosófica, dilemas éticos que se põem para os pesquisadores no desenvolvimento de sua prática científica no atual cenário social, que, ao mesmo tempo que é marcado por um relativismo ético universalizado, se vê interpelado pelas exigências de legitimação ética do agir. De um lado, os pesquisadores enfrentam pressões do mundo do mercado, contexto uterino em que se dá a vida humana na atualidade; de outro, são interpelados por demandas igualmente fortes de natureza moral. O presente texto discute, então, o lugar da normatividade legal na interface com a legitimidade ética, bem como a relação das determinações heteronômicas, vinculadas à lógica pragmática hegemônica na vida social contemporânea, com a sensibilidade moral que se impõe ao cientista. Busca, assim, subsidiar as discussões e as iniciativas que estão sendo conduzidas no momento pela comunidade científica nacional com vistas à elaboração e à formalização de critérios éticos para a prática investigativa, particularmente na esfera das Ciências Humanas.
Glycemic control and the production of cytokines in diabetic patients with chronic periodontal disease
Authors: FRANCO Mayra Moura , MORAES Mariana Mader Miranda , DUARTE Poliana Mendes , NAPIMOGA Marcelo Henrique , BENATTI Bruno Braga
Published: January 2016

Objective: To evaluate the association of glycemic control and cytokine production in type 2 diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis. Methods: Gingival biopsies were performed in 40 patients, divided into four groups: systemically healthy subjects without periodontal disease (S); systemically healthy patients with chronic periodontitis (P); patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with chronic periodontitis (C); poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic periodontitis (D). The production of interleukin (IL) -4, -6, -10, -17 and interferon (IFN) -g was quantified by ELISA. Results: The production of IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and INF-g was higher on group D when compared to other groups (p <0.05), which in turn were similar (p ³0.05). In addition, there was no difference in the production of IL-6 in any of the evaluated groups (p³0.05). Conclusion: Were observed significantly elevated levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis, demonstrating that glycemic control may be associated to the immune inflammatory response of sites with chronic periodontitis.
Child's anxiety preceding the dental appointment: evaluation through a playful tool as a conditioning feature
Authors: MOURA Bianca Fiorentin , IMPARATO José Carlos Pettorossi , PARISOTTO Thaís Manzano , BENEDETTO Monique DE
Published: January 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the emotional reactions before and after the application of a child audiovisual book that illustrates the trigger fear and anxiety points in the dental appointment. Moreover, the educational effect of this book as preconditioning to dental care was also verified. Methods: The study is a prospective pilot study conducted at the University of Western Santa Catarina with a convenience sample of 20 children aged 4-6 years old, with and without previous dental experience. All these children received the book and they were assessed before and after the presentation by responsible attendants. The projective test FIS (Facial Image Scale) was applied in 2 stages on the same day of assistance. Both tests were applied at the reception waiting room: before the child came into contact with the book in the dental clinic room and after the child came into contact with the playful instrument. Anamnesis and clinical examination were performed in the dental office by the dentist to start or continue the treatment. Results: The children were able to answer the projective test with self -analysis. The idealized audiovisual book was successfully constructed and used in the research. The comparison between FIS 1 and FIS 2 made with paired t-test showed significant improvements by comparing the results before the presentation of the playful instrument and after the use of it (p <0.0001), with no differences in childhood anxiety between genders and ages. Conclusion: The result of the conditioning technique using the book before the dental treatment was highly significant in reducing anxiety.
Cryosurgery for the treatment of pediatric plunging ranula: a conservative management
Authors: Moraes Paulo de Camargo , Teixeira Rubens Gonçalves , Thomaz Luiz Alexandre , Junqueira José Luiz Cintra , Oliveira Luciana Butini
Published: January 2016

Several methods of treatment for plunging ranulas have been described in the literature, such as: surgical treatment including the excision of the sublingual gland followed by transoral drainage of the pluging ranula, needle aspiration, excision of the ranula, cryosurgery and CO(2) laser excision. Marsupialization and micro-marsupialisation can be also recommended primarily to treat oral ranulas. The aim of this paper is to present the treatment of pediatric ranula with liquid nitrogen cryosurgery performed in a 8 year, 6-month-old male, without local anesthesia. We have outlined the current protocol of cryosurgery recommended in the management of ranulas, both clinical advantages and disadvantages, with emphasis on the clinical outcomes and also pediatric patients' safety. At the 1year follow-up visit, the lesion had disappeared completely. There was no recurrent lesion. Liquid nitrogen cryosurgery for management of ranulas may become a primary treatment modality prior to surgery in children.
Effectiveness of dental records in human identification
Authors: ALMEIDA Salen Marchesi de , DELWING Fábio , AZEVEDO Juliana Aires Paiva de , NOGUEIRA Renata Kelly Trajano , FALCÃO Flávio Pinheiro , CARVALHO Suzana Papile Maciel
Published: January 2016

Forensic dentistry, a branch of the forensic sciences, plays an important role within postmortem human identification, especially in cases of corpses that are charred, skeletonized or in an advanced state of decomposition. Identification of human remains via dental knowledge is done using a comparative technique, which is simple, inexpensive and reliable, the aim of which is to compare dental records and information recorded by dentists in clinical appointments made before an individual's death, with postmortem dental records obtained via forensic examination. In this context, the present study aims to demonstrate the importance of dental records and the effectiveness of forensic dentistry in human identification, illustrated by the report of a case that was conducted at the São Luis Coroner's Office in the Brazilian state of Maranhão. It may be concluded that dental records maintained by a dentist, when complete, properly structured and correctly archived, retain important personal information and are fundamental tools in the process of human identification.
Conscientious objection: reflections for nursing in Portugal
Authors: Paço Sandra , Deodato Sérgio
Published: January 2016

Objective: to discuss conscientious objection in nursing, identifying the ethic and legal basis for this decision-making. Methodology: qualitative study in which the methodology used was ethical reflection based on a legal analysis of the laws in question, proceeding to a bibliographical and documentary research Conclusions: Portuguese law and ethical pillars that form the basis of the Code of Ethics of nurses in Portugal defend the freedom of conscience as a professional practice. However, the obligation to protect human life, which imposes the need for coordination between this protection and the exercise of the right to conscientious objection on the part of the nurse, is also clear.
Knowledge produced from the outcomes of the "Nursing Outcomes Classification - NOC": integrative review
Authors: Silva Natália Chantal Magalhães da , Oliveira Ana Railka de Souza , Carvalho Emília Campos de
Published: January 2016

Objective: To identify the knowledge produced from the outcomes of the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). Method: A literature review using the integrative databases: Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Scopus Info Site (SCOPUS), during the months of August and September 2014. Results: The review consisted of 21 articles that addressed different issues: Translation and Cultural adaptation (4.77%); Applicability in clinical practice (33.33%); and, Validation (63.90%). Analysis of these articles showed that the knowledge produced from the Nursing Outcomes Classification includes translation and cultural adaptation, evaluation of applicability and validation of its items. Conclusion: Considering the continuous evolution of this classification, periodic reviews should be carried out to identify the knowledge, use and effects of the NOC.
Adherence to the use of the surgical checklist for patient safety
Authors: Maziero Eliane Cristina Sanches , Silva Ana Elisa Bauer de Camargo , Mantovani Maria de Fátima , Cruz Elaine Drehmer de Almeida
Published: January 2016

Objective: Evaluate adherence to the checklist of the Programa Cirurgias Seguras (safe surgery programme) at a teaching hospital. Methods: Evaluative study conducted at a teaching hospital in the south of Brazil in 2012. Data were collected by means of non-participant observation in 20 hip and knee replacement surgeries and an instrument that was created for research based on the checklist and used by the institution. Results: In the observed procedures (n = 20) there was significant adhesion (p<0.05) to the instrument in relation to the verification of documentation, fasting, hair removal in the surgical site, absence of nail varnish and accessories, identification of the patient and surgical site on admission to the surgical unit, availability of blood and functionality of materials. However, there was no significant adherence to the checklist in the operating room in relation to patient identification, procedure and laterality, team introduction, surgical break and materials count. Conclusion: The results showed that the items on the checklist were verified nonverbally and there was no significant adherence to the instrument.
Feeding tube placement: auscultatory method and x-ray agreement
Authors: Beghetto Mariur Gomes , Anziliero Franciele , Leães Dória Migotto , Mello Elza Daniel de
Published: January 2016

Objective: to evaluate the correlation between the auscultation test and X-ray when detecting the position of an enteral feeding tube. Methods: cross-sectional study in an intensive care unit in southern Brazil, in 2011. Clinical nurse and nurse researcher performed auscultation test recording the impressions regarding the placement of an enteral feeding tube in 80 patients. A doctor evaluated the X-ray. Kappa coefficient and PABAK reviewed the agreements. Results: The X-ray showed that 70% of the enteral tubes were in the stomach, 27.4% in the duodenum, 1.3% in the esophagus, and 1.3% in the right lung. There was a weak correlation between clinical nurses and nurse researchers (PABAK = 0.054; P = 0.103), clinical nurses and X-rays (PABAK = 0.188; P = 0.111) and nurse researchers and X-rays (PABAK = 0.128; P = 0.107) . The auscultation test did not detect two risk conditions, enteral feeding tube in the esophagus and the bronchus. Conclusion: the auscultation test showed little agreement with the X-ray on the enteral feeding tube location.
Atualidade da crítica de Machado de Assis
Authors: Correia Marlene de Castro
Published: January 2016

Resumo O exercício da crítica é difícil para Machado de Assis não por razões pessoais (sua notória timidez, ou aversão à controvérsia); nem por razões contextuais (a pobreza da produção literária brasileira em sua época) – como vem sendo proposto por analistas de diferentes gerações. É difícil porque é praticamente impossível conciliar a urbanidade que Machado se impunha como crítico (tal como declara em "O ideal do crítico", 1865) e a ironia e o humor que se tornariam a marca de sua maneira estética. Porém, a escassez das peças machadianas daquilo que a professora Castro Correia chama de "crítica pura" é compensada pela crítica literária que Machado faz dentro de sua ficção. A crítica "impura" (nos termos de Castro Correia, a que ele realiza não em artigos, mas em seus contos e romances) fustiga acima de tudo o lugar-comum, a prosa bombástica, amaneirada, pedante.
Para além dos critérios econômicos do trabalho de baixa renda no Brasil
Authors: Silva André Luis , Freitas Maria Ester de
Published: January 2016

Resumo O que sabemos sobre o trabalho e o trabalhador de baixa renda no Brasil? Provavelmente, o critério econômico será utilizado para auferir a resposta mais objetiva: o nível de renda que possuem. Sozinha, essa resposta negligencia que trabalhos dessa natureza são realizados por certos grupos de trabalhadores que dificilmente ascendem à outra realidade, em face de uma série de precondições sociais que podem tornar a precarização do trabalho algo precoce e durável em suas vidas. Neste ensaio teórico, refletimos sobre as limitações dos critérios econômicos para o debate sobre o trabalho de baixa renda nos estudos organizacionais brasileiros. Apresentamos, como resultado, suas implicações para a prática da pesquisa.
Como ler os textos literários na era da cultura digital?
Authors: Kirchof Edgar Roberto
Published: January 2016

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta um panorama das principais transformações do campo literário devido ao surgimento da tecnologia digital e aborda algumas discussões e teorizações sobre leitura de obras literárias nesse novo contexto. As principais transformações apresentadas são a liberdade propiciada pelo ciberespaço para produzir e publicar textos em blogs e sites, a produção e o consumo de literatura na cultura da convergência, o fenômeno transmídia, a literatura digitalizada e a literatura digital, aplicativos produzidos para aparelhos móveis. Em seguida, apresentam-se algumas das principais concepções sobre leitura literária no universo digital. São abordadas inicialmente as discussões motivadas pela Teoria da Informação ainda nas décadas de 1950 e 1960, a polarização entre uma visão celebratória e uma visão apocalíptica, a partir da década de 1990, a concepção conciliadora de Nancy Katherine Hayles, que propõe um modelo que leve à sinergia entre habilidades mais vinculadas à leitura em suporte impresso (leitura profunda) e outras mais vinculadas à leitura em suporte digital (hiperleitura). Por fim, após alertar para o perigo do determinismo tecnológico em discussões polarizadas sobre a leitura no universo digital, o artigo finaliza defendendo a posição segundo a qual a leitura literária na era digital requer investimento em múltiplos letramentos, destacando-se o letramento literário e o letramento digital.
Questões provisórias sobre literatura e tecnologia: um diálogo com Roger Chartier
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Elisa
Published: January 2016

RESUMO Este trabalho discute noções de leitura e tecnologia, em intenso diálogo com o historiador Roger Chartier. No Brasil, ele é considerado leitura obrigatória no campo da edição e das tecnologias do livro. Com base em uma bibliografia bastante relevante sobre o tema, são compiladas e discutidas algumas afirmações de Chartier sobre movimentos da cultura escrita com a chegada das tecnologias digitais, especialmente no que se relaciona à edição de livros e à literatura.
"Monstro esperançoso": a respeito de Oratório, de André Vallias
Authors: Rocha Rejane C.
Published: January 2016

RESUMO A apreensão das obras literárias produzidas em contexto digital e que fazem uso das potencialidades das novas mídias deve levar em consideração que o conceito de literatura e os parâmetros utilizados para valorar os objetos literários são provenientes da era da cultura impressa. Embora não se trate de decretar o fim dessa era, é inegável que o contexto digital tem engendrado novas formas de produzir, ler e fazer circular o texto literário, o que acarreta, também, outros critérios de valoração, apreensão e definição da literatura. Atento a essas questões, este texto procura ler o poema digital Oratório , de André Vallias, delineando as suas especificidades enquanto texto literário produzido (e lido) no contexto digital.
Morphoanatomy of fruit, seed and seedling of Ormosia paraensis Ducke
Authors: Silva Breno Marques da Silva e , Silva Camila de Oliveira e , Môro Fabíola Vitti , Vieira Roberval Daiton
Published: January 2016

Ormosia paraensis Ducke, known as "tento", has seeds that are used to make handcrafts and wood that is worked on by furniture makers. For forest identification and seeds technology, the information about the morphoanatomy of their fruits, seeds and seedlings is scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to morphoanatomically describe the fruit, seeds and the post-seminal development of "tento". For the morphoanatomical description, the evaluations were examined by optical and electron microscopy scanning. The fruit is a nutant legume, brown to black, dehiscent and with one or two seeds of lateral placentation, being the epicarp slim, the mesocarp woody and the endocarp spongy, measuring about 4.4 cm, 3.9 cm and 2.0 cm in length, width and thickness, respectively. The seeds are bitegmic, exalbuminous and rounded with average dimensions: length of 12.36 mm, width of 9.68 mm and thickness of 8.03 mm. The "tento" seedlings have simple and alternate leaves, with tap roots and cylindrical stem, being its germination hypogeal cryptocotyledonary.
Biometric description of fruits and seeds, germination and imbibition pattern of desert rose [Adenium obesum (Forssk.), Roem. & Schult.]
Authors: Colombo Ronan Carlos , Favetta Vanessa , Yamamoto Lilian Yukari , Alves Guilherme Augusto Cito , Abati Julia , Takahashi Lúcia Sadayo Assari , Faria Ricardo Tadeu de
Published: January 2016

This study has aimed to carry out the description of fruits and seeds and germination process of desert rose, from two years of observations. The fruits and seeds were characterized based on length, diameter and number of seeds per fruit. The seeds internal structure and germinating process were also described. Germination test was performed at 25 and 30 °C temperatures, determining the germination percentage and germination speed index. Seeds harvested in 2013 were stored for 12 months and submitted to a new germination test. Parallel to these tests, the seeds imbibition curve was determined in substrates over and between sheets of paper at 15, 20, 25 and 30 °C temperatures. The fruits and seeds had similar lengths and diameters in both years of observations. The seeds can be stored for up to 12 months without loss in viability and temperatures of 25 and 30 °C are suitable for performing the germination test of this species. The water absorption curve of desert rose seeds follows a triphasic pattern of soaking.
Os aspectos geológicos do Maciço Santa Angélica (ES): uma nova abordagem
Authors: Zanon Marcela Lopes , Chaves Alexandre de Oliveira , Rangel Caio Vinícius Gabrig Turbay , Gaburo Leonan , Pires Carlos Roberto
Published: January 2016

O Maciço Santa Angélica (CISA) está localizado na região sul do Espírito Santo e corresponde a um dos corpos intrusivos mais importantes da Supersuíte G5 associada ao estágio pós-colisional do Orógeno Araçuaí. Ele é constituído por dois núcleos gabroicos e bordas félsicas, estas separadas por uma extensa zona de mistura de magmas. Suas rochas encaixantes fazem parte da Supersuíte G1 (fase pré-colisional) e do Grupo Bom Jesus do Itabapuana (antigo Complexo Paraíba do Sul). A fim de compreender os possíveis processos de dinâmica físico-química entre o magmatismo máfico e félsico desse maciço, bem como suas possíveis relações com sua borda ortoderivada (G1), foram realizados estudos de campo, petrográfico, litogeoquímico e em microssonda eletrônica. A análise dos dados confirmou o modelo tectono-magmático proposto pela literatura e indicou novas informações: as zonas de cisalhamento dextrais regionais favoreceram a entrada desse corpo intrusivo, dando a ele uma forma alongada e sigmoidal e causando a deformação dos gnaisses do G1. Sua formação foi acompanhada de processos de diferenciação magmática (cristalização fracionada) e da geração de uma extensa zona de mistura mecânica de magmas (mingling).
MENINGOENCEPHALITIS DUE TO VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS IN AIDS PATIENTS. REPORT OF ELEVEN CASES AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: CORTI Marcelo , VILLAFAÑE María F. , VITTAR Natalia , BANCO María C. , PRIARONE Maia , MAMMANA Lilia , GILARDI Leonardo
Published: January 2016

Neurological complications of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) are infrequent and include various clinical pictures. The reactivation of VZV in patients with AIDS is generally associated with an acute and severe meningoencephalitis. We report the epidemiological, clinical and virological data from 11 consecutive patients with diagnosis of HIV/AIDS and central nervous system (CNS) involvement due to VZV. All patients were male and seropositive for HIV. The primary risk factor for HIV infection was unprotected sexual contact. The median of CD4 T cell count was 142 cells/µL. All of them presented signs and symptoms of meningoencephalitis. Six patients (54.5%) presented pleocytosis; they all showed high CSF protein concentrations with a median of 2.1 g/dL. Polymerase chain reaction of cerebrospinal fluid specimen was positive for VZV in all of them and they were treated with intravenous acyclovir at doses of 30/mg/kg/day for 21 days. Overall survival was 63% (7 of 11 patients). The four dead patients had low cellular counts in CSF, below the median of this parameter. VZV should be included among the opportunistic pathogens that can involve CNS with a diffuse and severe meningoencephalitis in patients with advanced HIV/AIDS disease.
Rendimento de grãos de soja em função de sistemas de plantio e irrigação por superfície em Planossolos
Authors: Sartori Gerson Meneghetti Sarzi , Marchesan Enio , David Ricardo De , Carlesso Reimar , Petry Mirta Teresinha , Donato Gabriel , Cargnelutti Filho Alberto , Silva Marília Ferreira da
Published: January 2016

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de sistemas de plantio e irrigação suplementar em faixas sobre o rendimento de grãos de soja, em áreas com presença de camada compactada próxima à superfície do solo. Dois experimentos foram realizados em blocos ao acaso, em faixas, com quatro repetições, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O experimento 1 foi realizado em Santa Maria, correspondente às safras de 2013/2014 e 2014/2015; e o experimento 2, em Formigueiro, na safra 2013/2014. Os tratamentos consistiram dos fatores A e D. O fator A considerou os seguintes sistemas de plantio: A1, semeadura com discos duplos desencontrados; A2, semeadura com disco ondulado de 12 ondas; A3, semeadura com haste sulcadora; A4, semeadura com haste sulcadora e um mecanismo de acomodação do solo; A5, semeadura em microcamalhão; e A6, escarificação do solo e semeadura com disco duplo desencontrado. O fator D consistiu de tratamentos com ou sem irrigação. Na safra 2014/2015, alterou-se o fator A4 por haste desencontrada a 5 cm da linha de semeadura. O experimento 2 constituiu-se apenas do fator A do experimento 1, sem o tratamento microcamalhão. Os sistemas com escarificação do solo e haste sulcadora são os que proporcionam maior rendimento de grãos. A irrigação realizada em condições de umidade do solo abaixo de 60% da capacidade de campo aumenta o rendimento de grãos.
FIRST BRAZILIAN CONSENSUS ON MULTIMODAL TREATMENT OF COLORECTAL LIVER METASTASES. MODULE 1: PRE-TREATMENT EVALUATION
Authors: COIMBRA Felipe José Fernandez , RIBEIRO Heber Salvador de Castro , MARQUES Márcio Carmona , HERMAN Paulo , CHOJNIAK Rubens , KALIL Antonio Nocchi , WIERMANN Evanius Garcia , CAVALLERO Sandro Roberto de Araújo , COELHO Fabricio Ferreira , FERNANDES Paulo Henrique de Souza , SILVESTRINI Anderson Arantes , ALMEIDA Maria Fernanda Arruda , ARAÚJO Antônio Luis Eiras de , PITOMBO Marcos , TEIXEIRA Heberton Medeiros , WAECHTER Fábio Luiz , FERREIRA Fábio Gonçalves , DINIZ Alessandro Landskron , D'IPPOLITO Giuseppe , BEGNAMI Maria Dirlei F. de Sousa , PROLLA Gabriel , BALZAN Silvio Márcio Pegoraro , OLIVEIRA Thiago Bueno de , SZULTAN Luís Arnaldo , LENDOIRE Javier , TORRES Orlando Jorge Martins
Published: January 2016

Background : Liver metastases of colorectal cancer are frequent and potentially fatal event in the evolution of patients with these tumors. Aim : In this module, was contextualized the clinical situations and parameterized epidemiological data and results of the various treatment modalities established. Method: Was realized deep discussion on detecting and staging metastatic colorectal cancer, as well as employment of imaging methods in the evaluation of response to instituted systemic therapy. Results : The next step was based on the definition of which patients would have their metastases considered resectable and how to expand the amount of patients elegible for modalities with curative intent. Conclusion : Were presented clinical, pathological and molecular prognostic factors, validated to be taken into account in clinical practice.
AUDIOVISUAL RESOURCES ON THE TEACHING PROCESS IN SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
Authors: PUPULIM Guilherme Luiz Lenzi , IORIS Rafael Augusto , GAMA Ricardo Ribeiro , RIBAS Carmen Australia Paredes Marcondes , MALAFAIA Osvaldo , GAMA Mirnaluci
Published: January 2016

Background: The development of didactic means to create opportunities to permit complete and repetitive viewing of surgical procedures is of great importance nowadays due to the increasing difficulty of doing in vivo training. Thus, audiovisual resources favor the maximization of living resources used in education, and minimize problems arising only with verbalism. Aim: To evaluate the use of digital video as a pedagogical strategy in surgical technique teaching in medical education. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 48 students of the third year of medicine, when studying in the surgical technique discipline. They were divided into two groups with 12 in pairs, both subject to the conventional method of teaching, and one of them also exposed to alternative method (video) showing the technical details. All students did phlebotomy in the experimental laboratory, with evaluation and assistance of the teacher/monitor while running. Finally, they answered a self-administered questionnaire related to teaching method when performing the operation. Results: Most of those who did not watch the video took longer time to execute the procedure, did more questions and needed more faculty assistance. The total exposed to video followed the chronology of implementation and approved the new method; 95.83% felt able to repeat the procedure by themselves, and 62.5% of those students that only had the conventional method reported having regular capacity of technique assimilation. In both groups mentioned having regular difficulty, but those who have not seen the video had more difficulty in performing the technique. Conclusion: The traditional method of teaching associated with the video favored the ability to understand and transmitted safety, particularly because it is activity that requires technical skill. The technique with video visualization motivated and arouse interest, facilitated the understanding and memorization of the steps for procedure implementation, benefiting the students performance.
Pressure tolerance of tadpole larvae of the Atlantic ascidian Polyandrocarpa zorritensis: potential for deep-sea invasion
Authors: Sumida Paulo Yukio Gomes , Güth Arthur Ziggiatti , Mies Miguel
Published: January 2016

Abstract How deep-sea fauna evolved is a question still being investigated. One of the most accepted theories is that shallow water organisms migrated to deeper waters and gave origin to the deep-sea communities. However, many organisms are prevented from performing long vertical migrations by the increasing hydrostatic pressure. Tadpole larvae of the ascidian Polyandrocarpa zorritensis were submitted to pressure treatments of 1, 50, 100 and 200 atm. Survival, settlement and metamorphosis rates were verified after 24 hour incubation in a pressure chamber. The majority of larvae settled (84%, 62%, 83% and 77% respectively) and successfully underwent metamorphosis (93%, 59%, 85% and 60%) in all pressure treatments. Larval mortality was of less than 15% in all treatments, except for the 50 atm treatment, which presented 38% mortality. Nearly 100% of the surviving larvae underwent metamorphosis in the treatments of 1, 50 and 100 atm. However, 1/3 of the individuals were still in their larval stages in the 200 atm treatment and presented delayed development. These data suggest that ascidian larvae can withstand the hydrostatic pressure levels found in the deep-sea. It is therefore feasible that the current abyssal ascidian species may have colonized the deep-sea through vertical migration and in only a few generations.
A statistical model for the unconfined compressive strength of deep-mixed columns
Authors: Chen E. J. , Liu Y. , Lee F.-H.
Published: January 2016

The strength of soil improved by deep mixing processes often exhibits significant spatial variability. This paper presents a statistical model for strength distribution in deep-mixed columns, based on the assumption that spatial variation in strength arises from spatial variation in binder mass fraction. The statistical inputs of the model are the probability density function and coefficient of variation of the binder distribution, both of which were obtained from centrifuge model data and were assumed to be independent of the amount of the binder introduced into the ground. The theoretical framework of the model is first developed, followed by an assessment of the probability density function for the binder distribution. The variation of binder mass fraction within a deep mixing column is fitted by a truncated normal distribution. The model is benchmarked against core strength data from three phases of deep mixing operation in a construction project. The simplicity of the model precludes consideration of the effects of detailed mixing blade configuration, in situ variation in soil properties as well as workmanship. In spite of this, the computed histograms of strength distribution gave a reasonable reflection of the measured strength distribution. This suggests that despite the variety and complexity of deep mixing processes, one may still be able to develop a simple and workable model of the strength distribution taking into account just a few important factors.
Effects of confining stress, density and initial static shear stress on the cyclic shear response of fine-grained unclassified tailings
Authors: Suazo G. , Fourie A. , Doherty J. , Hasan A.
Published: January 2016

A constant-volume direct simple shear apparatus was used to investigate the effects of confining stress, initial static shear stress and void ratio on the liquefaction resistance of fine-grained tailings. The cyclic resistance ratio (also expressed as the overburden stress correction factor) was found to decrease with increasing confining stresses in the range 100–400 kPa and to gradually increase from 400 kPa onwards, when samples were tested at the same initial void ratio. The presence of an initial static shear stress decreased the liquefaction resistance. A key outcome of the work was to reveal the critical importance of density on liquefaction susceptibility of compressible tailings. Thus, a combined correction factor to account for overburden stress and density on cyclic resistance was proposed.
On a Class of Optimal Type Covariate Adjusted Response Adaptive Allocations for Normal Treatment Responses
Authors: Bhattacharya Rahul , Bandyopadhyay Uttam
Published: January 2016

In the context of clinical trials for comparing two treatments, a  new class of covariate adjusted  response adaptive procedures is developed to achieve a balance between clinical optimality and inferential precision. Assuming normally distributed responses, several exact and asymptotic properties are studied and compared with a reasonable alternative under the presence of treatment covariate interaction.