bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KAMPUNG ADAT KUTA SEBAGAI DESTINASI WISATA
Authors: Setiadi Anggi , Ismail Agus Yadi , Deni Deni
Published: March 2024

Kuta Traditional Village development is faced with a lack of human resources who understand the importance of tourism awareness, lack of support to improve infrastructure and development budgets are still a major problem for rural communities to develop tourist objects and make their villages progress to become tourist villages. The objectives of this study are 1) Knowing the management strategy for the development of Kuta Traditional Village as a tourist destination; 2) Knowing the development strategy of the Kuta Traditional Village. The research method used was a questionnaire and FGD which were then analyzed using IFAS and EFAS as well as a SWOT analysis. From the research results it is known that 1) the authenticity of the Kuta traditional village; 2) Traditional social life; 3) Customs and customs that are still adhered to; 4) Traditional ceremonies are still being held; and 5) The sacredness of the Leuweung Gede forest is a potential that can make Kuta Traditional Village a tourist destination. The IFAS and EFAS analysis shows a score of 2.07 for strengths, 1.78 for weaknesses and 1.40 for opportunities and 1.53 for threats. In the SWOT diagram, the position of the Kuta Traditional Village is in quadrant II. Diversification (0.14 x-axis and -0.06 y-axis), which means that Kuta Traditional Village is in a position that has threats but still has strength, to minimize these threats the strategy that can be used is the ST strategy.Pengembangan Kampung Adat Kuta dihadapkan dengan kurangnya sumberdaya manusia yang mengerti akan pentingnya kesadaran pariwisata, kurangnya dukungan untuk mneingkatkan infrastuktur merupakan dan anggaran pengembangan masih menjadi permasalahan utama bagi masayarakat desa untuk mengembangkan objek wisata dan menjadikan desanya maju untuk menjadi desa wisata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) Mengetahui strategi pengelolaan pengembangan Kampung Adat Kuta sebagai destinasi wisata; 2) Mengetahui strategi pengembangan Kampung Adat Kuta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesiner dan FGD yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan IFAS dan EFAS serta analisis SWOT. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa 1) Keaslian kampung adat kuta; 2) Kehidupan sosial masyarakat yang masih tradisional;  3) Adat dan istiadat yang masih dipegang teguh; 4) Masih sering dilaksanakannya upacara adat; dan 5) Kesakralan hutan leuweung gede merupakan potensi yang dapat menjadikan Kampung Adat Kuta sebagai destinasi wisata. Analisis IFAS dan EFAS menunjukan skor 2.07 untuk kekuatan, 1.78 untuk kelemahan dan 1.40 untuk peluang dan 1.53 untuk ancaman. Dalam diagram SWOT posisi Kampung Adat Kuta berada pada kuadran II. Diversifikasi (sumbu x 0.14 dan sumbu y -0.06) yang artinya Kampung Adat Kuta berada dalam posisi yang memiliki ancaman namun masih memiliki kekuatan, untuk meminimalkan ancaman tersebut strategi yang dapat digunakan adalah strategi ST
PENGARUH KOMPOSISI BAHAN ORGANIK TERHADAP KADAR AIR DAN DAYA SERAP AIR PADA PEMBUATAN KOMPOS BLOK
Authors: Romdoni Fajar Fahmi , Herlina Nina , Nasihin Iing
Published: March 2024

In an effort to avoid the accumulation of polybag waste, it is necessary to look for other alternatives as a substitute for polybags that can fulfill the nutrients needed by plants and can reduce plastic waste from the use of polybags (Murdhiani Rosmaiti, 2017). One way to overcome the weaknesses of polybags is to use seedling containers made from environmentally friendly organic materials, namely Compost Blocks. The basic material for environmentally friendly Compost Blocks has the advantage of being easily decomposed and can contribute quite a lot of nutrients (END, 2018). The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the composition and type of organic material as well as the composition of organic adhesive on water content and water absorption capacity in making Compost Blocks. The research was structured based on a two-factor completely randomized design. The first factor is the composition and type of organic material (Kagot 100%, cashgot 50% + leaf litter 50%, cow dung 50% + leaf litter 50%) while the second factor is the composition of the organic adhesive (starch 5% and 10%). The composition and type of organic material as well as the composition of organic adhesive have a significant effect on the water content and water absorption capacity of making Compost Blocks.Dalam upaya menghindari penumpukan sampah polybag, maka perlu dicari alternatif lain sebagai pengganti polybag yang dapat memenuhi unsur hara yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman dan dapat mengurangi sampah plastik dari penggunaan polybag. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi kelemahan polybag adalah dengan penggunaan wadah semai berbahan dasar organik yang ramah lingkungan yaitu Kompos Blok. Bahan dasar Kompos Blok yang ramah lingkungan memiliki keunggulan mudah terdekomposisi dan dapat menyumbangkan unsur hara yang cukup banyak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk megetahui pengaruh komposisi dan jenis bahan organik serta komposisi perekat organik terhadap kadar air dan daya serap air pada pembuatan Kompos Blok. Penelitian disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak lengkap dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah komposisi dan jenis bahan organik (Kagot 100%, kasgot 50% + serasah daun 50%, kotoran sapi 50% + serasah daun 50%) sedangkan faktor kedua yaitu komposisi perekat organik (tepung kanji 5% dan 10%). Komposisi dan jenis bahan organik serta komposisi perekat organik berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air dan daya serap air pada pembuatan kompos blok
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS DAN KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT ANGGREK (Orchidaceae) DI KAWASAN BUKIT MAYANA KABUPATEN KUNINGAN
Authors: Alfani Alfani , Nurlaila Ai , Herlina Nina
Published: March 2024

Mayana Hill is in Kadugede District, Kuningan Regency, which is managed by village residents because it is part of two village areas, namely Kadugede Village and Sindangjawa Village. Mayana Hill is at an altitude of ±901 Mdpl with an area of ±43 Ha. Mayana Hill is divided into two areas, namely natural forest covering an area of 9 Ha and community forest at the bottom, and has 4 routes to the top. The aim of this research is to determine the diversity of species and habitat characteristics of orchids in the Mayana Hill Forest area. The method used in collecting Orchid data uses the cruising method on 4 research routes in the Mayana Hill Forest area. Exploration is carried out, environmental baselines are observed and documented. The orchids found were then marked using GPS and documented and abiotic data was collected. There are 17 types of orchids from 14 genera, 9 epiphytic orchids and 8 terstrial orchids, as well as 2 orchids of unknown type. H' value = 0.267 – 0.713. Dr value = 50.368%. C value = 0.6811. Air temperature = 250 - 300C, air humidity = 79 – 99%, soil pH = 5.5 and 6, light intensity = 185 – 8571 lux, and epiphytic orchids found attached to host trees in zones 2 and 3 on teak trees, Sengon , Mahogany, Coffee and Things. Keywords: Mayana Hill, Characteristics, Diversity, Research Methods.Bukit Mayana berada di Kecamatan Kadugede Kabupaten Kuningan yang di kelola oleh warga desa karena masuk kedalam dua wilayah desa yaitu Desa Kadugede dan Desa Sindangjawa. Bukit Mayana berada pada ketinggian ±901Mdpl dengan luas wilayah ±43 Ha. Bukit Mayana dibagi dua kawasan yaitu hutan alam seluas 9 Ha dan hutan rakyat dibagian bawahnya, serta memiliki 4 jalur menuju puncak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis dan karakteritik habitat anggrek di kawasan Hutan Bukit Mayana. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data Anggrek menggunakan metode cruising/jelajah pada 4 jalur penelitian di kawasan Hutan Bukit Mayana. Eksplorasi dilakukan, rona lingkungan diamati dan didokumentasikan. Anggrek yang ditemukan kemudian ditandai menggunakan GPS dan didokumentasikan serta melakukan pengambilan data abiotiknya. Terdapat 17 jenis anggrek dari 14 genus, 9 anggrek epifit dan 8 anggrek terstrial, serta 2 anggrek yang belum diketahui jenisnya. Nilai H’ = 0,267 – 0,713. Nilai Dr = 50,368%. Nilai C = 0,6811. Suhu udara = 250 - 300C, kelmbaban udara = 79 – 99%, pH tanah = 5,5 dan 6, intensitas cahaya = 185 – 8571 lux, dan anggrek epifit yang ditemukan menempel pohon inang pada zona 2 dan 3 pada pohon Jati, Sengon, Mahoni, Kopi dan Benda
Formation of scientific-analytical and communication skills among students of humanities at the international university (Generation Z Humanities Students at an International University)
Authors: Bulgarova Bella Akhmedovna , Tabatabai Sara , Elias Roula , Jomaa Kayan
Published: March 2024

Today, recruiting organizations, when selecting potential candidates for vacant positions, emphasize the importance of university graduates having developed communicative and scientific-analytical competencies, which are the main components of "soft skills" for students of the humanities cycle, more conducive to the formation of professionalism than "hard skills", due to the shift in society's priorities towards democratization and humanization socio-psychological principles of performance of official duties within the framework of professions. The purpose of this study is to identify methods and techniques for the formation of scientific, analytical and communicative skills at the international University among students of humanities. Intercultural communication in the context of the educational process, on the one hand, complicates the development of these competencies, on the other hand, requires improving the principles of teaching in the context of cultural dialogues, which determines the formation of the studied skills, taking into account the national and cultural specifics of the studied language and communication of the university where the foreign student is studying. These aspects are a prerequisite for successful integration into a potential professional environment. Research methodology: theoretical analysis of scientific literature on the issue under consideration, content analysis, descriptive and comparative methods. The novelty of the research is due to modern trends in improving the "soft competencies" of representatives of all professions in harmony with the global scientific space through the prism of effective intercultural communication. The results of the study indicate a mutual correlation of scientific, analytical and communicative skills, the synthesis of the main components of which contributes to the formation of metacognitive characteristics of students. It is advisable to form the studied competencies through role-playing games, memes, situational tasks, communicative professionally oriented trainings, the method of active problem-situational analysis ("case-study")
Unique items hypothesis: a case study of student Russian-to-English translations
Authors: Lekomtseva Irina Alekseevna , Kulikova Marina Nikolaevna , Abdulmanova Adelya Khamitovna
Published: March 2024

The subject of this article is the unique linguistic means of expressing the meaning given in the original in the interlanguage and translation perspectives. The object of the research is a contrastive study of original untranslated texts in the target language in order to identify unique linguistic elements, i.e. typical, idiomatic linguistic means of expressing the meaning given in the original in the target language. Special attention is paid to the corpus approach to the functional contrastive analysis of original untranslated texts. The authors consider the possibility of applying semasiological and onomasiological approaches to the contrastive analysis of parallel texts. The purpose of the article is to test the hypothesis of "unique elements" and the degree of their representation in the texts of translations made by graduate students. "Unique elements" means typical, idiomatic, regular linguistic means of expressing a certain meaning in the target language, which do not have structurally equivalent linguistic means in the source language. Research methods: functional contrastive analysis; corpus analysis; retrospective analysis of the source text and the translation text. The main conclusions of the study are the assumption that student translations do not present unique linguistic means in the translation language to express the meaning given in the original. These results were obtained through the use of contrastive functional analysis of parallel texts, i.e. original untranslated texts in the original language and the target language. A special contribution of the authors to the subject under study is that the latest methods of contrastive functional analysis and corpus methods are used for translation purposes. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that in Russian translation studies, for the first time, the hypothesis of unique linguistic elements and their non-representation in the translation text was considered as one of universals.
SIKLUS HIDUP BISNIS KELUARGA
Authors: Rofiah Chusnul , Ransimanti Yuvati
Published: March 2024

Dinamika internal pada famili bisnis menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan keluarga unik dalam kesempatan belajar dan kebutuhan pendidikan karena berbagai alasan : (1) rentang waktu yang panjang dari keterlibatan keluarga dalam bisnis (2) pihak-pihak yang ikut serta mempunyai kepentingan dan peran yang berbeda untuk dimainkan keduanya dalam perusahaan dan keluarga semuanya penting bagi perusahaan berfungsinya bisnis (3) anggota keluarga yang sama bekerja bersama-sama, mereka mungkin mengalami emosi yang kuat dari cinta berbakti dan altruisme orang tua, hingga pribadi permusuhan yang berasal dari persaingan saudara awal. Fokus penelitian kami adalah pada konsentrasi pada hal-hal yang memiliki kompleksitas dan skala, dimana keluarga memainkan peran manajemen utama dan peran kepemilikan, dan jika ada niat untuk melakukannya menjaga keteguhan dalam keluarga. Dengan pendekatan fenomenologi dan objek penelitian kami pada toko emas di Jombang yang sudah mencapai 3 generasi dan didirikan pada tahun 1948. Dengan menggunakan manual data analisis prosedur penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dalam menjaga siklus hidup bisnis keluarga ada dua hal yang menjadi poin utama :  (1) bisnis keluarga yang dikelola Anggota keluarga dan berada di posisi penting, terbiasa dengan linkungan bisnis sehingga bisa dipersiapkan alih generasi secara bertahap, tanpa paksaan dan karir berjalan sesuai prosedur tidak langsung pada jabatan puncak. (2) strategi pemasaran dimana diperlukan fleksibilitas pada pola kerja, waktu serta perluasan jaringan disamping itu juga harus mengikuti jaman dengan mengutamakan kepuasan pelanggan sehingga akan menimbulkan getok tular positif dan tidak lupa melakukan inovasi dengan tidak melakukan kontrol terpusat serta wajib menjaga nama baik.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT PESISIR EKOWISATA MANGROVE GUNUNG ANYAR BERBASIS EKONOMI KREATIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN
Authors: Anggraeni Rahmasari  , Indah Noviandari
Published: March 2024

Sumber daya manusia yang ada di sekitar Ekowisata Mangrove Gunung Anyar adalah  masyarakat yang  berdomisili di kecamatan Gunung Anyar Surabaya. Mereka  sangat antusias dengan adanya Ekowisata Mangrove Gunung Anyar tersebut, karena mereka melihat adanya kesempatan untuk menambah pendapatan dengan menjual makanan dan minuman di tempat wisata tersebut. Dengan pemberdayaan berbasis ekonomi kreatif, masyarakat pesisir Ekowisata Mangrove Gunung Anyar dapat menciptakan nilai tambah dan lebih kreatif untuk meningkatkan pendapatan mereka. Program pemberdayaan masyarakat mempunyai esensi dengan melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat. Masyarakat sebagai pelaksana dalam  pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya sosial, SDM  dan  dan  lingkungan  alam  dalam  kegiatan yang    bertujuan    meningkatkan   kesejahteraan masyarakat secara ekonomi Ekonomi kreatif  merupakan konsep ekonomi baru yang memadukan informasi dan kreatifitas yang mengandalkan ide, gagasan, dan pengetahuan dari sumber daya manusia sebagai faktor produksi. Pada dasarnya ekonomi kreatif adalah orang-orang yang memfungsikan potensi yang dimilikinya berupa akal kemudian digunakan untuk berfikir mencari sesuatu atas keterbatasan ekonomi untuk mengentaskan diri sehingga dapat menghidupkan proses kemandirian ekonomi.Tujuan  penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis  Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pesisir Ekowisata Mangrove Gunung Anyar Berbasis Ekonomi Kreatif Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan beserta kendala-kendalanya.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan Teknik Purposive Sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pesisir Ekowisata Mangrove Gunung Anyar Berbasis Ekonomi Kreatif Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan dilakukan  melalui  beberapa  tahapan pelatihan. Metode pelatihan diberikan dalam bentuk metode sharing, praktek, demonstrasi dan diskusi.
Cybersecurity risks in libraries: Why universities libraries in African need to promote cyberethical practices
Authors: Oladokun Bolaji , Oloniruha Emmanuel , Mazah Deborah , Okechukwu Obediah
Published: March 2024

Cybersecurity in university libraries, particularly in Africa, is an increasingly critical issue. The technological expansion and adoption in university libraries have heightened the risk of cybercrimes, necessitating a focus on cyberethical practices. The paper has indicated that academic libraries may face threats such as line tapping, improper system processing, and the use of malicious software. These threats bear significant consequences, such as the potential loss of sensitive data, damage to reputation, and financial losses. It is imperative for academic libraries in Nigeria to adopt proactive measures in implementing cyberethics strategies. Such strategies are essential for safeguarding against intellectual property theft, cybercrime, and other ethical concerns associated with the use of technology. The paper therefore examines cybersecurity risks in African university libraries and the need to promote cyberethical practices.  The paper employed a qualitative research method based on the explanatory research method. In so doing, the use of a systematic literature review was adopted to examine cybersecurity risks in African university libraries and the imperative to promote cyberethical practices. Using a purposive sampling technique, the authors collected articles published between 2015 and 2023 on databases of Emerald and ResearchGate for the review. The findings of the research illuminate the multifaceted nature of cybersecurity risks, encompassing issues such as malware attacks, phishing, ransomware, and identity theft. These risks, if unaddressed, can lead to severe consequences, including intellectual property theft, reputational damage, and financial losses. Importantly, the study concludes that the increased use of the internet and digital resources has heightened the urgency for African university libraries to actively promote cyberethical practices. The study recommends that African university libraries should prioritize cybersecurity education for both staff and users, libraries must develop and regularly update comprehensive cyberethics policies that address the unique challenges faced in the African context and libraries should explore avenues for improving their technological infrastructure. Investments in advanced security systems, regular software updates, and the adoption of emerging technologies will strengthen their resilience against cyber threats.
Wagner Kanunu’nun Geçerliliği: 1992-2021 Dönemi İçin Dünya’dan Kanıtlar
Authors: KARADENİZ Yasin
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada Wagner Kanunu’nun geçerliliği, 83 ülke ve 1992-2021 dönemi için araştırılmaktadır. Ayrıca çalışma, Wagner Kanunu’nu kişi başı milli gelirin yanı sıra onu da kapsayan bir gösterge olan insani gelişme endeksi üzerinden test etmektedir. Gengenbach, Urbain ve Westerlund (2016) ve Genişletilmiş Ortalama Grup Tahmincisi yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre; Wagner Kanunu, 86 ülkesinin 26’sında geçerlidir. Bu ülkelerden 9’unda ise Wagner Kanunu hem kişi başı milli gelire hem de insani gelişme endeksine göre geçerlidir.
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) on Borsa Istanbul
Authors: CAN ERGÜN Zeliha
Published: March 2024

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a severe depression that stems from the decreased daylight hours in the autumn and winter. The SAD makes investors more risk-averse, which in turn affects the financial markets. This study aims to examine the effect of SAD on Borsa Istanbul (BIST) for the period January 2015 - May 2023. The BIST-100 index is used to represent the overall stock market, and the BIST-Industrials, Financials, Technology, and Food Beverage indices are used to evaluate any sectoral disparities. Furthermore, autumn, tax-loss selling, Mondays, and COVID-19 outbreak effects are included in the model. The results show that there is a statistically significant and positive SAD effect on BIST-100 index returns. The SAD also has an impact on every sectoral index, except for BIST-Food Beverage. Moreover, there is no asymmetrical effect of the autumn in any indices. Among the control variables, the Monday effect is determined to be statistically significant and positive for BIST-100, BIST-Industrials, and BIST-Technology indices. Finally, only for the BIST-Industrials index the COVID-19 dummy is statistically significant and positive. Additionally, the GARCH model has also been used as a robustness test, and consistent findings with the previous analysis are found.
Belediye Kamu Alımlarının Rekabet İlkesi Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Örneği
Authors: EROĞLU Erdal , DENİZ Kendal
Published: March 2024

Rekabetçi bir kamu ihale sisteminde en uygun fiyatla en kaliteli mal, hizmet ve yapım işleri temin edilmiş olmaktadır. Rekabetçi bir kamu ihale sistemi aynı zamanda kamu tasarrufu anlamına gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi tarafından gerçekleştirilen kamu alımlarının ihale ilkeleri arasında yer alan rekabet ilkesi açısından analiz etmektir. Çalışmada izlenen yöntem nicel veri analizidir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi tarafından 2012-2020 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen 4364 ihale incelenmiştir. Çalışmada istekli sayısı ile tenzilat oranı arasında pozitif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Çalışmada ulaşılan en önemli sonuç kamu alımlarında rekabetin artmasıyla kamu tasarrufunun sağlanabileceğidir.
Yeşil Tüketim Davranışının Belirleyicileri Üzerine Bir Analiz
Authors: ÇAKARÖZ Kübra Müge , KOÇ Neslihan
Published: March 2024

Çevresel zararların azaltılmasında tüketim miktarı, tüketilen ürünlerin çevresel özellikleri ve çevreye en az zarar verecek şekilde gerçekleştirilen tüketim davranışı önemlidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada, demografik ve coğrafi özelliklerin yeşil tüketim davranışı üzerindeki etkileri ele alınmış ve bu etkileri tespit edebilmek amacıyla anket tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma verilerinin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden yüzde ve frekans, Bağımsız Örneklem T Testi ve ANOVA yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada cinsiyet ve eğitim durumu dışında analize dahil edilen demografik özelliklerin, yeşil tüketim davranışını etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Demografik özelliklerin yanı sıra, coğrafi farklılığın da yeşil tüketimi etkileyen unsurlardan biri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Eko-inovasyon Farkındalığının Web of Science Veri Tabanına Dayalı Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: TARI ÖZGÜR Meltem
Published: March 2024

Son çeyrek yüzyıl iklim değişikliğinin sınırlandırılması konusunda küresel iş birliği için yoğun çabanın sergilendiği bir dönem olmuştur. Uluslararası kuruluşların ortak rotası haline gelen yeşil büyüme ancak eko-inovasyon ile sağlanabilir. Eko-inovasyonun üretim, pazarlama ve tüketim süreçlerinde sağlayacağı gelişmeler ile sera gazı salımı ve beraberinde küresel ortalama sıcaklık artışının azaltılması hedeflenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı eko-inovasyon konusunu ele alan akademik makalelerin bibliyometrik analizini yaparak konu ile ilgili farkındalığın gelişimini, ülkelere ve araştırma alanlarına yayılımını ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanı kullanılarak 1996-2022 döneminde yayımlanan 1622 makale incelenmiştir. Eko-inovasyon konusundaki akademik çalışmaların 2010’lu yıllarda gündemde yer bulmaya başladığı, 2015 yılından itibaren uluslararası anlaşmaların etkisi ile ivme kazandığı görülmüştür. Çok sayıda araştırma alanına yayılan çalışmaların büyük oranda Avrupa adresli olduğu ve etki faktörü yüksek dergilerin ön planda olmasının konunun önemine işaret ettiği sonuçlarına varılmıştır.
Para Politikasının Evrimi: Klasik Görüşten Yeni Uzlaşı Temelli Makro İhtiyati Para Politikası Araçlarına
Authors: ÇEVİK Filiz
Published: March 2024

Para politikası; parasal büyüklüklerin ayarlanma ve etkilerinin piyasalara yansıma hızı, ekonomik koşullara hızlı adaptasyonu, merkez bankalarının bağımsızlığı, iletişim yoluyla karar birimlerinin beklentilerini şekillendirme gücü gibi nedenlerle tercih edilen ve parasal büyüklüklerin kontrolü yoluyla makroekonomik istikrara katkı sağlayan uygulamalar bütünüdür. Araç olarak kullanılan parasal büyüklüklerin ekonomik değişkenleri hangi yönde, ne ölçüde ve hangi kanallarla etkilediği makroekonominin en önemli tartışma konularından biridir. Kısa ve uzun dönem ayrımı bir tarafa bırakılırsa para politikasının etkilerine yönelik yaklaşımlar, paranın reel değişkenleri etkilediğini savunanlar ile paranın sadece fiyatlar genel düzeyini etkilediğini savunanlar olmak üzere iki ana grupta toplanabilir. Para politikası açısından tek sorun paranın nötr olup olmaması değil, aynı zamanda hangi parasal büyüklüklerin kontrol altında tutulması gerektiği ve söz konusu değişkenlerin diğer ekonomik değişkenlerle nasıl bir etkileşim hâlinde olduğudur. 1980’li yıllardan itibaren uluslararası para rejiminin değişmesi, sermaye hareketlerinin serbestleşmesi, finansal araç çeşitliliğinin ve erişilebilirliğin artmasıyla birlikte para politikasına fiyat istikrarı yanında finansal istikrarı sağlama görevi de yüklendi. Para politikası üzerine tartışmalar günümüzde de güncelliğini korumakta ve finansal sistemdeki gelişmelerle birlikte derinleşmektedir. Çalışmada başlıca makroekonomik görüşlerin para politikasına ilişkin teorik tartışmaları, bu tartışmaların politika uygulamalarına yansımaları ve küresel finansal krizle birlikte para politikasının amaç ve araçlarında meydana gelen değişimler tarihsel ve analitik bir yaklaşımla ele alınmaktadır.
Investigating the Relationship Between the Financial Conditions Index with Economic Growth and Net Capital Inflow: Causality Analysis for Türkiye
Authors: KULOĞLU Eşref , AKAR Nuri Çağrı
Published: March 2024

The global economic crisis, which had a devastating effect worldwide with the bankruptcy of Lehman Brother's investment bank in the United States of America in 2008, revealed that countries should indicate risks and take precautions accordingly. In this sense, the importance of the Financial Conditions Index (FCI), which was created by considering the monetary policy instruments of the country's central banks and various macroeconomic and financial variables as a whole, has also increased. FCI, the index that has taken place in the literature since the 1990s, with the growth of countries, has been investigated in empirical studies conducted after the global economic crisis. In this study, the related index is calculated using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and the data generated is analyzed with growth and net capital inflow items. According to the results of the related analysis, while there is bidirectional causality between FCI and real gross domestic product (GDP) growth, one-way causality was found between FCI and net capital inflow. The index created accordingly is the Granger cause of the net capital inflow.
Kişisel Veri Transferinde Güvenli Ülke Statüsü ve Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım İlişkisi Üzerine Ampirik Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ÇORUHLU KAMALIOĞLU Nadire , VAROL İYİDOĞAN Pelin
Published: March 2024

Dijital dönüşüm, dijital verilerin değerini artırmakla kalmamış, kişisel verilerin sınır ötesi transferiyle yaşanabilecek mahremiyet ihlallerini ve ulusal güvenlik tehditlerini de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu durum gerek ülkelerin gerekse bölgesel örgütlerin koruyucu yasal düzenlemeler oluşturmalarına da zemin hazırlamıştır. Diğer taraftan, yapıları gereği birden çok ülkede faaliyet gösteren şirketler (ÇUŞ) aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilen doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ise dijital verilerin uluslararası dolaşımına en fazla ihtiyaç duyan aktörlerdendir. Dolayısıyla DYY ile kişisel verilerin sınır ötesi aktarımının birbirinden bağımsız olamayacağı düşünülmektedir. Avrupa Birliği, 2016 yılında kabul ettiği Avrupa Genel Veri Koruma Tüzüğü ile kişisel verilerin transferi ve güvenliğinin sağlanmasında en genel usul ve esasları belirlemiş, bu gerekleri yerine getiren ülkeleri de güvenli ülke olarak ilan etmeye başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, veri güvenliğini sağlamada güvenli ülke statüsünde olma ile doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar (DYY) arasında bir ilişkinin mevcut olup olmadığı 65 ülke ve 2010-2020 yıllarına ait verilerden oluşan bir veri seti ile dinamik panel veri modeli ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, kişisel veri güvenliğinin sağlanmasında AB standartlarına uygun güvenli ülke statüsünde olma değişkeninin DYY girişleri üzerindeki etkisinin beklentilerle aynı doğrultuda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif olduğu görülmüştür.
The Berlin Process for the Western Balkans. What is in a name?
Authors: Musliu Vjosa
Published: March 2024

This article discusses the potential impact of the Berlin Process in the European Union (EU) integration prospects for the countries of the Western Balkans. The first part of the article discusses whether the Berlin Process can be read as a replacement for the actual EU enlargement to the Western Balkans. The second part of the article discusses how orientalist/balkanist tropes are yet again part of discourses emanating from the EU towards the Western Balkans. The article makes two central arguments. First of all, the idea behind the Berlin Process seems to be a replacement of the EU enlargement to the Western Balkans, even if temporarily. Secondly, the Berlin Process is used, yet again to reinstate orientalist and balkanist tropes for addressing the EU with respect to the Western Balkans. To do this, this article uses document analysis and speech acts of heads of states from the twelve countries of the initiative between 2014-2019.
Repenser la Belt and Road Initiative : une lecture diachronique de la projection économique chinoise
Authors: Riga Dealan
Published: March 2024

Cet article a pour objectif de questionner le caractère novateur de la Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) en offrant une lecture diachronique de la projection économique chinoise afin de replacer cette initiative dans son contexte historique. Il part de l’hypothèse qu’appréhender les fondements de l’initiative est la meilleure manière d’en comprendre la portée. Son originalité réside dans l’objectif de mettre de côté les dynamiques de gain de pouvoir relatif pour se concentrer sur la construction domestique du projet. Pour ce faire, l’article repose sur le champ d’études de la diplomatie économique internationale. Sous cet angle, comprendre les motivations chinoises nécessite une prise en considération de précédentes initiatives telle que la Going Out Policy (GOP). Il repose sur une recherche documentaire mêlant littérature académique, discours et littérature grise. Il confronte certains postulats théoriques aux données empiriques disponibles afin de mettre en évidence les dynamiques sous-jacentes à la projection économique de Pékin. In fine, contextualiser la projection économique chinoise démontre la continuité entre la GOP et la BRI. Elles se basent sur des principes similaires et recouvrent les mêmes caractéristiques en ce qu’elles ont toutes deux : une dimension sinocentrée, un caractère polymorphe et une tendance à établir des partenariats politiques par-delà les accords économiques initiaux. Cet article amène à repenser certaines hypothèses relatives à la BRI, notamment celles qui circonscrivent le projet à la seule stratégie du président chinois Xi Jinping, mais aussi celles qui circonscrivent la politique économique de Pékin à des objectifs néomercantilistes.
La crise de l’institutionnalisation des organisations d’intégration régionale en Afrique centrale : cas de la CEMAC et de la CEEAC
Authors: Elono Daniel Pascal
Published: March 2024

Depuis le début des années 1950, le régionalisme international est considéré comme un phénomène structurant des relations internationales, ainsi qu’un vecteur de développement socio-économique et d’insertion dans la mondialisation. Cette tendance connaît, néanmoins, en Afrique et ailleurs, des difficultés qui peuvent parfois mener à une véritable crise du régionalisme. Le présent article a pour but d’étudier la crise du régionalisme en Afrique centrale sous l’approche de l’institutionnalisation de la Communauté économique et Monétaire de l’Afrique centrale (CEMAC) et de la Communauté économique des États de l’Afrique centrale (CEEAC) qui, bien qu’étant des organisations assez différentes, connaissent toutes les deux une crise institutionnelle profonde. Il s’agira ainsi d’étudier les causes des difficultés qu’éprouvent ces deux organisations régionales à se stabiliser et à remplir convenablement leurs missions. Cela permettra non seulement de comprendre pourquoi les principales thérapies retenues par la CEMAC et la CEEAC telles que les rénovations, réformes, restructurations, relances ou rationalisations, n’ont pas produit les résultats escomptés, mais également de proposer des pistes de réflexion. Pour ce faire, cet article se propose d’aller au-delà des théories classiques de l’intégration régionale et de mobiliser le néo-institutionnalisme, notamment pour ses dimensions historiques et ses choix rationnels, comme outil d’analyse.
Skin Supersolidity Matters the Performance and Functionality of Water Droplets
Authors: Sun Changqing
Published: March 2024

Even more fascinating than the bulk parent, water droplets possess the extraordinary catalytic capability, chemical reactivity, elastic adaptivity, hydrophobicity, hydro-voltaicity, sensitivity, thermal stability, and so forth, with an elusive underlying mechanism. We show that molecular undercoordination polarizes the surface molecules and lengthens 8% of the O—O distance by shortening the intramolecular H-O bond and lengthening the intermolecular O:H nonbond, making the skin a supersolid phase and surface self-electrified. The sequential events follow the HBCP (hydrogen bond cooperativity and polarizability) and the BOLS-NEP (bond order-length-strength correlation and nonbonding electron polarization) regulations. The size dependence of the H-O bond stiffness or its phonon frequency shift H, the freezing temperature TN depression or the O:H cohesive energy loss, the polarizability, and the electronic and phonon lifetimes vary with the skin-volume ratio to the entire R-sized droplet. We determined that the H-O bond is 10% shorter and vibrates at 3450 cm-1 frequency in the 0.3 nm thick skin of 75% mass density by refining the skin phonon abundance F(R) population. The skin supersolidity and surface self-electrification could entitle the performance and functionality of the droplets. Further extension of the findings could impact the undercoordinated aqueous systems, including bubbles and molecular clusters.
Semi-continuous temperature cycle-induced deracemization using an axially chiral naphthamide
Authors: Oketani Ryusei , Naito Riku , Hisaki Ichiro
Published: March 2024

This study outlines a practical semi-continuous method for temperature cycle-induced deracemization (TCID) using a batch mode crystallizer. We employed an axially chiral naphthamide derivative as a model compound, and deracemized the crystalline phase by conventional TCID. To achieve a continuity of deracemization, we harvested a part of the suspension after the conventional TCID, then feeding a new racemic suspension into the enriched suspension and applying temperature cycles. By leaving a highly enriched crystalline phase as seed crystals to direct the chirality of the following enrichment, the enrichment process was significantly accelerated, verifying the stable and high production efficiency. Furthermore, from the perspective of process productivity, the moderate suspension density is optimal for efficient deracemization. In the naphthamide system, up to 7.71 g·L−1·h−1 of the productivity was achieved. Thanks to the simple operation, the method described here is applicable for most of batch mode deracemization reported to date. In terms of industrial application, the semi-continuous deracemization could be a good option to utilize the existing batch crystallizers.
High Throughput Methodology for Investigating Green Hydrogen Generating Processes using Colorimetric Detection Films and Machine Vision
Authors: Talledo Savannah , Kubaney Andrew , Baumer Mitchell A. , Pietrak Keegan , Bernhard Stefan
Published: March 2024

The generation of hydrogen from abundant and renewable precursors driven by sunlight will be a cornerstone of a future, sustainable hydrogen infrastructure. Current methods to monitor the evolution of hydrogen in such photocatalytic systems such as gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, manometry or Raman spectroscopy are either expensive and low throughput or lack sensitivity and selectivity over other gasses. This impediment hinders the generation of photo-driven hydrogen evolution data necessary for machine learning and artificial intelligence-based protocols. This work presents an open-source approach for studying solar-driven hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) in parallel that uses colorimetric hydrogen detection films in tandem with an image analysis software capable of providing metrics such as hydrogen amount, hydrogen evolution rates, incubation times, and plateau times, and more. The sensing medium is composed of 0.05 % (w/w) Pt impregnated molybdenum (VI) oxide or tungsten (VI) oxide which was incorporated into poly(vinyl alcohol) films placed under clear, gas impermeable septa. To conduct experiments, users require only blue reaction-driving high intensity LEDs, a camera, and uniform lighting to take pictures as the septa darken. This work introduces a sample configuration in which nine samples in hydrogen sensitive septa-capped vials were illuminated and the gas evolution is monitored using a RaspberryPi for image capture and storage. Two calibration methods are presented, one uses a gravimetric hydrogen evolution with Zn/HCl that is compared to a direct hydrogen injection. Both methods allow the accurate correlation of normalized intensity values of film photographs to mole fractions of H2 ranging from 0 to 50%. Four light-driven HERs are described that highlight the capabilities of the detection method, two of which were conducted using the novel septa-based instrumentation while the other two experiments used the films on a 108 multiwell plate using a previously discussed photoreactor.
Towards a Full Configurational Accuracy calculation of an arbitrary molecule via fragment embedding and a stochastic solver
Authors: Sun Yi
Published: March 2024

We demonstrate the feasibility of using a stochastic solver, Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo with the initiator approximation(i-FCIQMC), to converge fragment em- bedding calculations, namely Bootstrap Embedding (BE). We first propose and test a general protocol to converge BE-i-FCIQMC calculations, then suggest how the quality of the calcu- lation compares against deterministic BE-FCI using different numbers of walkers. We then demonstrate that BE-i-FCIQMC can perform as well as BE-FCI in the large walker limit, and how different factors, including the size of the Hilbert space of the fragments, the number of walkers and the nature of the chemical system affect the achievable matching error. This work demonstrates the potential of performing FCI quality calculations in realistic systems using BE.
Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction on Amorphous Cu Surfaces: Unveiling Structure-Activity Relationships
Authors: Muthuperiyanayagam Akshayini , Di Tommaso Devis
Published: March 2024

We present a computational investigation combining machine learning forcefields (ML-FF) and DFT calculations into the potential of amorphous copper (Cu) surfaces towards electrochemical CO2 reduction (eCO2R) to one-carbon (C1) and two-carbon (C2) products. The “on-the-fly” ML-FF developed for Cu replicate DFT energies and structures, offering a computationally efficient tool for simulating amorphous Cu systems. These ML-FFs were used to generate atomistic amorphous models of bulk and surfaces, and the amorphous bulk Cu exhibited slightly higher stability than crystalline Cu. The amorphous Cu surface provide a wider range of Cu coordination sites (5-9) compared to crystalline Cu, which offered a multitude of active centres for CO2 adsorption. Some of the amorphous surfaces investigated in this study spontaneously activated CO2, evidenced by the stable chemisorption, highlighting their potential for efficient CO2 conversion. The intermediates formed during the eCO2R on amorphous Cu surfaces are stabilized compared to crystalline surfaces, leading to a lower overpotentials, and improved faradaic efficiency. This study demonstrates for the first time theoretically, the potential of amorphous Cu-based catalysts towards sustainable CO2 conversion and paves the way for further research and development in this promising field.
Simultaneous multi-resonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence and room temperature phosphorescence from biluminescent nitrogen-containing indolocarbazoles
Authors: Lee Oliver , McKay Aidan , Cordes David , Gather Malte , Zysman-Colman Eli
Published: March 2024

Organic biluminescence, the simultaneous emission from both the singlet and triplet excited state manifolds, is a rare and incompletely understood emission process. However, biluminescent compounds have wide-reaching applications, such as in sensing, anti-counterfeiting, and optoelectronics, owing to the complex interplay of excited states having distinct spectral profiles and lifetimes. Herein, we describe the biluminescence of a family of polycyclic aromatic heterocycles known as nitrogen-containing indolocarbazoles (NICz). As 1 wt% doped films in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), these compounds exhibit dual fluorescence/room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) with λPL in the near-UV (ca. 375 nm) and green (ca. 500 nm), respectively, and remarkably long phosphorescence lifetimes extending into the multi-second regime. This RTP is shown to persist even at doping concentrations as low as 0.1 wt%. Additionally, two of the emitters exhibit multi-resonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF)/RTP biluminescence, which, to the best of our knowledge, would be the first examples of such behavior. Finally, we provide insight into the dependence of these competing emission pathways on the temperature and concentration, with supporting wavefunction-based computations.
Highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes and light-emitting electrochemical cells employing multi-resonant thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters with bulky donor or acceptor peripheral groups
Authors: Wang Jingxiang , Hafeez Hassan , Tang Shi , Matulaitis Tomas , Edman Ludvig , Samuel Ifor , Zysman-Colman Eli
Published: March 2024

Multi-resonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters have been the focus of extensive design efforts as they are recognized to show bright, narrowband emission, which makes them very appealing for display applications. However, the planar geometry and relatively large singlet-triplet energy gap lead to, respectively, severe aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) and slow reverse intersystem crossing (RISC). Here, a design strategy is proposed to address both issues. Two MR-TADF emitters TPPO-tBu-DiKTa and TPA-tBu-DiKTa have been synthesized. Twisted ortho-substituted groups help increase the intermolecular distance and largely suppress the ACQ. In addition, the contributions from intermolecular charge transfer states in the case of TPA-tBu-DiKTa help to accelerate RISC. The OLEDs with TPPO-tBu-DiKTa and TPA-tBu-DiKTa exhibit high maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmax) of 24.4 and 31.0%, respectively. Notably, the device with 25 wt% TPA-tBu-DiKTa showed both high EQEmax of 28.0% and reduced efficiency roll-off (19.9% EQE at 1000 cd m-2) compared to the device with 2 wt% emitter (31.0% EQEmax and 11.0% EQE at 1000 cd m-2). The new emitters were also introduced into single-layer LECs, equipped with air-stable electrodes. The LEC containing TPA-tBu-DiKTa dispersed at 0.5 wt% in a matrix comprising a mobility-balanced blend-host and an ionic-liquid electrolyte delivered blue luminance with an EQEmax of 2.6% at 425 cd m-2. The high efficiencies of the OLEDs and LECs with TPA-tBu-DiKTa illustrate the potential for improving device performance when the DiKTa core is decorated with twisted bulky donors.
Brain metastases as the first clinical manifestation of prostate cancer: a case report
Authors: Ognerubov Nikolai A. , Sergeev Ruslan S. , Mikhalev Dmitriy M.
Published: March 2024

Background. Intracranial metastases, as the first clinical symptom of prostate cancer (PC), are extremely rare, with only anecdotal case reports in the literature.
Aim. To present a case of multiple brain metastases (MCI) as the first clinical manifestation of PC with isolated facial nerve injury (FNI).
Materials and methods. A 66-year-old patient with PC and multiple brain and bone metastases was observed.
Results. The patient considered himself sick for 4 months when weakness in the left arm, headache, dizziness, facial asymmetry, staggering when walking, and memory loss appeared. He received non-surgical treatment prescribed by a neurologist. A clinical examination revealed a neurological deficit in the form of FN central palsy of grade 3 according to the House-Brackmann score. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed masses in the right insular, left temporal lobes, and left cerebellar hemisphere of 3.7×3.3×2.9, 1.1×0.8 and 0.5×0.6 cm, respectively, with marked perifocal edema. According to the magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis in the right half of the prostate gland, a tumor of 2.2×1.0×2.7 cm and PI-RADS 5 score was detected, and a metastatic lesion of the left ilium was found. Bone scintigraphy showed metastases in the thoracic and lumbar spine. A core biopsy of the prostate was performed. Histological and immunohistochemical studies revealed acinar adenocarcinoma with a Gleason score of 6 (3+3) points. The level of total prostate-specific antigen was 8.6 ng/mL. A final diagnosis was made: stage IV prostate cancer, T2aN0M1c, with brain and bone metastases. Given the neurological symptoms, radiation therapy was performed on the brain with a total radiation dose of 30 Gy, followed by androgen deprivation and monochemotherapy with docetaxel and bisphosphonates.
Conclusion. Multiple brain lesions as the first clinical manifestation of PC are extremely rare. An isolated lesion of FN with neurological deficit in the form of central palsy indicates an advanced metastatic process. The primary method of treatment is palliative radiation therapy with a total radiation dose of 30 Gy, followed by androgen deprivation and chemotherapy.