bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Composting as a Sustainable Solution for the Management of Plant Biomass Contaminated with Hg and As from Puddles Generated by Small-Scale Gold Mining in the Municipality of Unión Panamericana, Colombian Pacific
Authors: Rengifo-Mosquera Gysela , Salas-Moreno Manuel , Gutierréz-Palacios Harry , Palacios-Torres Yuber , Romaña-Palacios Allien , Marrugo-Negrete José
Published: November 2024

ASGM in the Chocó region (Colombian Pacific) has generated abandoned puddles with concentrations of Hg; however, these sites can generate ecosystem services from contaminated biomass with a circular economy approach. (1) Background: The plant biomass contaminated with Hg from these puddles could be used to produce compost as a bioremediation strategy and as an alternative to generate ecosystem resources (organic fertilizer) with nature-based solutions, representing a circular economy approach and sustainable management of contaminated biomass. (2) Methods: Six treatments were established to produce compost; closed-system plastic composters were used, with a capacity of 15 kg of biomass and organic waste, consisting of contaminated and uncontaminated biomass of macrophytes with Hg and fruit and vegetable waste (fruit and vegetable waste, pruning waste, and poultry manure). The concentrations of As and total and bioavailable Hg were monitored during the composting process by atomic absorption spectroscopy and so were properties such as pH; electrical conductivity; temperature; CO, TN, S, and SiO2 contents; and C/N ratio. (3) Conclusions: The concentrations of bioavailable Hg during the composting process were between 658.1 and 1.2 µg/kg, decreasing in the following order: T-2 > T-3 > T-1 > C-3 > C-2 > C-1. Composting in the treatments was shown to be an efficient bioremediation technique, as all of the treatments reduced the bioavailability of Hg to below 1.5%, and the physicochemical properties of pH (r: −0.3675; p < 0.007) and %S content (r: −0.6303; p < 0.0025) showed a significant moderate negative correlation with bioavailable Hg concentrations, playing a crucial role in reducing the bioavailability of Hg during the purification process of composting. The results show that all treatments significantly reduced Hg bioavailability below 1.5%; however, T-2 proportionally showed the highest reductions during the process. Compost production was proven to be a sustainable strategy for the management of biomass contaminated with mercury, which is very important for recovering ecosystem services in communities.
Key Factors Influencing Design Learners’ Behavioral Intention in Human-AI Collaboration Within the Educational Metaverse
Authors: Wu Ronghui , Gao Lin , Li Jiaxin , Huang Qianghong , Pan Younghwan
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the key factors which influence design learners’ behavioral intention to collaborate with AI in the educational metaverse (EMH-AIc). Engaging design learners in EMH-AIc enhances learning efficiency, personalizes learning experiences, and supports equitable and sustainable design education. However, limited research has focused on these influencing factors, leading to a lack of theoretical grounding for user behavior in this context. Drawing on social cognitive theory (SCT), this study constructs a three-dimensional theoretical model comprising the external environment, individual cognition, and behavior, validated within an EMH-AIc setting. By using Spatial.io’s Apache Art Studio as the experimental platform and analyzing data from 533 design learners with SPSS 27.0, SmartPLS 4.0, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), this study identifies those rewards, teacher support, and facilitating conditions in the external environment, with self-efficacy, outcome expectation, and trust in cognition also significantly influencing behavioral intention. Additionally, individual cognition mediates the relationship between the external environment and behavioral intention. This study not only extends SCT application within the educational metaverse but also provides actionable insights for optimizing design learning experiences, contributing to the sustainable development of design education.
Modeling the Integrated Influence of Social, Ecological, and Economic Components on Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: A Cross-Country Analysis
Authors: Dvulit Zoriana , Maznyk Liana , Horbal Natalia , Brych Lesia , Skrzypek-Ahmed Sylwia , Szymoniuk Barbara , Dluhopolska Tetiana
Published: November 2024

This study analyzes the impact of social, ecological, and economic components on achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in seven selected countries for the period 2000–2022 (Australia, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, the United States). Using data from the Sustainable Development Reports 2017, 2019, and 2023, a correlation and regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationships between the components and the SDG Index. The results demonstrate a strong positive relationship between social, ecological, and economic factors and progress towards achieving the SDGs, with variations between countries. The study revealed the limitations of aggregated data analysis that negatively affect the implementation of the planning function. The research highlighted the importance of a country-by-country approach in assessing sustainable development progress. The results underscore the importance of developing tailored strategies for achieving the SDGs, which are sensitive to each country’s specific conditions, strengths, and weaknesses in different aspects of sustainability. These conclusions are important for the shaping of policies and strategic planning for achieving the SDGs.
The Cultural Roots of Green Stays: Understanding Touristic Accommodation Choices Through the Lens of the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Tamuliene Vilma , Diaz-Meneses Gonzalo , Vilkaite-Vaitone Neringa
Published: November 2024

Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study presents and tests an integrated model to investigate how individual cultural values influence tourists’ decisions when selecting sustainable accommodation. This study aims to examine the cultural impact on sustainable accommodation choices from the perspectives of tourists in three culturally distinct countries. Data were gathered from 1855 participants in Spain, Norway, and Lithuania using a questionnaire survey method. The data was analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method, with statistical analysis based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This study found that uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation significantly influence attitude. Additionally, collectivism and power distance notably impact subjective norms, while masculinity affects perceived behavioral control. Tourists’ intentions regarding sustainable accommodation choices were determined to be influenced by attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. These findings contribute to the theoretical discussion of sustainable purchasing by emphasizing the intricate role of individual cultural values and provide practical insights for developing marketing strategies that resonate with these values.
Average Case (s, t)-Weak Tractability of L2-Approximation with Weighted Covariance Kernels
Authors: Chen Jia , Yan Huichao
Published: November 2024

We study the multivariate L2-approximation problem APPd defined over a Banach space in the average case setting. The space is equipped with a zero-mean Gaussian measure with a weighted covariance kernel, which depends on parameter sequences α={αj}j∈N and β={βj}j∈N with 1<α1≤α2≤⋯ and 1≥β1≥β2≥⋯>0. In this paper, two interesting weighted covariance kernels are considered, which model the importance of the covariance kernels. Under the absolute error criterion or the normalized error criterion, we discuss (s,t)-weak tractability of the L2-approximation problem APP={APPd}d∈N from a Banach space whose zero-mean Gaussian measure has the above two weighted covariance kernels for some positive numbers s and t in the average case setting. Here, (s,t)-weak tractability means how the information complexity behaves as a function of dt and ε−s for large dimension d and small threshold ε. In particular, for all s>0 and t∈(0,1), we find the matching sufficient and necessary condition on the parameter sequences α={αj}j∈N and β={βj}j∈N to obtain (s,t)-weak tractability under the absolute error criterion or the normalized error criterion in the average case setting. We describe (s,t)-weak tractability by the matching sufficient and necessary condition, which reflects symmetry.
Conference Report: Review of Clinical Implementation of Advanced Quantitative Imaging Techniques for Personalized Radiotherapy
Authors: Vinogradskiy Yevgeniy , Bahig Houda , Bucknell Nicholas W. , Buchsbaum Jeffrey , Shu Hui-Kuo George
Published: November 2024

The topic of quantitative imaging in radiation therapy was presented as a “Masterclass” at the 2023 annual meeting of the American Society of Radiation Oncology (ASTRO). Dual-energy computed tomography (CT) and single-positron computed tomography were reviewed in detail as the first portion of the meeting session, with data showing utility in many aspects of radiation oncology including treatment planning and dose response. Positron emission tomography/CT scans evaluating the functional volume of lung tissue so as to provide optimal avoidance of healthy lungs were presented second. Advanced brain imaging was then discussed in the context of different forms of magnetic resonance scanning methods as the third area noted with significant discussion of ongoing research programs. Quantitative image analysis was presented to provide clinical utility for the analysis of patients with head and neck cancer. Finally, quality assurance was reviewed for different forms of quantitative imaging given the critical nature of imaging when numerical valuation, not just relative contrast, plays a crucial role in clinical process and decision-making. Conclusions and thoughts are shared in the conclusion, noting strong data supporting the use of quantitative imaging in radiation therapy going forward and that more studies are needed to move the field forward.
The Safety, Acceptability, and Feasibility of Single-Dose Rifampicin as Post-Exposure Chemoprophylaxis for Contacts of Leprosy Patients in Togo: A Mixed-Method Sequential Explanatory Study
Authors: Bakoubayi Akila Wimima , Haliba Falapalaki , Zida-Compaore Wendpouiré Ida C. , Bando P’tanam P’kontème , Konu Yao Rodion , Tchade Abissouwèssim Egbare , Akpadja Kodjo , Alaglo Kamevor , Tchalim Maweke , Patchali P’niwè , Djakpa Yaovi , Amekuse Komi , Gnossike Piham , Gadah Denis A. Yawovi , Kasang Christa , Ekouevi Didier Koumavi
Published: November 2024

The World Health Organization is encouraging countries to include contact screening and single-dose rifampicin administration as preventive chemotherapy for contacts of leprosy patients in their leprosy control activities. However, no study has been conducted to assess the safety of SDR-PEP and the acceptability and feasibility of this intervention in Togo. To assess the safety of SDR-PEP, we used a cohort design, and for acceptability and feasibility, we used a mixed method, combining a quantitative study to assess the safety of SDR-PEP in a cohort of contacts from recently diagnosed leprosy patients followed by a qualitative study to identify the social, cultural, or institutional factors that would influence the adoption of single-dose rifampicin as post-exposure prophylaxis for contacts of leprosy patients in Togo. For the quantitative study, all identified index patients agreed to the disclosure of their status to their contacts and provided a list of their contacts. All the contacts found agreed to take part in the study, and an appointment was made for screening. However, some contacts were absent on the screening day for no reason. All eligible contacts agreed to take SDR and were followed up after taking the drug. No severe adverse events were reported during the follow-up. For the qualitative study, 72 interviews (66 semi-structured interviews and 6 focus groups) were carried out, and it emerged that, overall, opinions were favorable on the acceptability and feasibility of implementing single-dose rifampicin as post-exposure prophylaxis for contacts of leprosy patients in Togo. However, a number of conditions need to be considered for more effective results.
Beyond Efficiency: The Social and Ecological Costs of Plant Factories in Urban Farming—A Review
Authors: Csambalik László , Gál Izóra , Madaras Krisztina , Tóbiás Andrea , Pusztai Péter
Published: November 2024

Ever-growing cities constantly increase the distance between suburban regions and semi-urban areas on the perimeter of the cities, where traditional crop production can take place with relatively fewer restrictions. The implementation of ultra-short supply chains implies moving the means of crop production as close to inhabitants as possible. Two main directions can be identified as effective for increasing the food resilience of densely populated suburban areas; these are soil-based traditional urban agriculture and high-tech plant factories. Both approaches to crop production offer a certain level of integration with the built environment; however, these alternatives differ in terms of their contributions to environment modulation, agrobiodiversity, social well-being, and food resilience. Vertical farms can produce a high amount of nutritionally rich crops for direct use, although the involvement of inhabitants is minimal; therefore, they can be considered a service function without social advantages. Open-field plant production can contribute to the well-being of locals, but the yields are considered rather supplementary. The combination of both production approaches to strengthen common advantages is less likely; automated production technologies require a low number of highly qualified personnel; therefore, community plant factories cannot be considered possible contributors to urban social well-being in the future.
Delineation of Groundwater Potential Using the Bivariate Statistical Models and Hybridized Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Models
Authors: Baduna Koçyiğit Müsteyde , Akay Hüseyin
Published: November 2024

Identifying groundwater potential zones in a basin and developing a sustainable management plan is becoming more important, especially where surface water is scarce. The main aim of the study is to prepare the groundwater potential maps (GWPMs) considering the bivariate statistical models of frequency ratio (FR), weight of evidence (WoE), and the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model of Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) hybridized with FR and WoE. Two distance measures, Euclidean and Manhattan, were used in TOPSIS to evaluate their effect on GWPMs. The research focused on the Burdur Lake catchment located in the southwest of Türkiye. In total, 74 wells with high yields were chosen randomly for the analysis, 52 (70%) for training, and 22 (30%) for testing processes. Sixteen groundwater conditioning factors were selected. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) and true skill statistics (TSS) were utilized to examine the goodness-of-fit and prediction accuracy of approaches. The TOPSIS-WoE-Manhattan model and the FR and WoE models gave the best AUROC values of 0.915 and 0.944 for the training and testing processes, respectively. The best TSS values of 0.827 and 0.864 were obtained by the TOPSIS-FR-Euclidean and WoE models for the training and testing processes, respectively.
Robótica Educativa como Estrategia de Aprendizaje y Desarrollo de la Personalidad en Niños con Autismo
Authors: Jiménez Graniz Cristhy Nataly , Machado Sotomayor Manuel Joaquín
Published: November 2024

En un entorno educativo cada vez más diverso, se enfrenta el desafío de proporcionar una educación inclusiva y de calidad a estudiantes con necesidades educativas específicas (NEE), entre ellos los niños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). El autismo, un trastorno del desarrollo neurológico, afecta la comunicación, la socialización y el comportamiento, lo que dificulta la adaptación a entornos educativos convencionales. Este estudio aborda la implementación de estrategias pedagógicas basadas en robótica educativa para facilitar el proceso educativo de una niña de siete años con autismo. La investigación abordó el caso de estudio de una estudiante de segundo año de Educación General Básica, diagnosticada con TEA. Mediante técnicas cualitativas como la observación y entrevistas, se identificaron sus características y necesidades específicas. La indagación previa reveló que el sujeto de estudio enfrenta dificultades en la motricidad fina, la socialización y la comunicación, además de comportamientos repetitivos y sensibilidad sensorial. La propuesta pedagógica desarrollada incluyó el uso de kits de robótica para mejorar la motricidad fina, fomentar la obediencia, facilitar la comunicación y reducir comportamientos disruptivos. La implementación parcial de estas estrategias mostró resultados positivos en el desarrollo de habilidades académicas y sociales de la niña con autismo, destacando la eficacia de la tecnología como herramienta educativa inclusiva. Esta investigación subraya la importancia de adaptar el currículo a las necesidades individuales, promoviendo un entorno educativo más inclusivo y efectivo para estudiantes con autismo.
Relación entre derecho de competencia y patentes: un estudio en Ecuador, España, Colombia y Argentina
Authors: Amancha Chiluisa Linda de las Mercedes , Moya Pérez Andreina Yuleidy
Published: November 2024

La exploración de la competencia y las patentes en el ámbito del derecho comparado constituye un enfoque innovador. Este tema aborda la intersección de dos áreas jurídicas de gran relevancia en el mundo comercial: el derecho de la competencia en el ámbito económico y el derecho centrado en la propiedad intelectual. Al estar intrínsecamente vinculadas, estas ramas buscan establecer un marco jurídico que permita a los titulares de patentes mantener una posición dominante en el mercado. Además, en el ámbito comercial, se busca la capacidad de corregir comportamientos abusivos o excesivos que puedan surgir en un mercado lucrativo, con el fin de mantener un equilibrio. La presente investigación se propone identificar cómo una protección excesiva o insuficiente de las patentes y de la competencia puede generar distorsiones en el comercio. Para abordar esta cuestión, se realiza un análisis de derecho comparado entre países como Ecuador, España, Colombia y Argentina. Este enfoque permitirá responder a preguntas clave de estudio, tales como: ¿Cuál es el concepto de competencia y patente en cada país?, ¿Cuál es la relación entre la patente y el derecho de competencia a nivel nacional e internacional?, y ¿Cuál es el marco normativo aplicado por estos países en relación con patentes y competencia? La metodología empleada se basa en un enfoque analítico, respaldado por una investigación aplicada que incluye un estudio exploratorio de diversas teorías doctrinarias y normativas. Este enfoque integral proporcionará una nueva perspectiva de conocimiento que enriquecerá la disciplina del derecho de la competencia.
Primary bone non-Hodgkin lymphoma with vertebra involvement
Authors: Yuksek Muhammed Erkam , Karagoz Gulsum , Arac Densel , Keskin Fatih
Published: November 2024

NHL accounts for less than 5% of all adult cancers. Bone lymphomas, mostly NHL, may cause extradural cord compression. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) represent a group of heterogeneous neoplasms originating from the bone marrow or lymph nodes.  NK cell tumours with CD56 positive immunophenotype are a very rare and heterogeneous group of diseases among bone lymphomas presenting with nonspecific clinical and radiological findings. Although there is no gold standard treatment for this disease, there are various forms of treatment such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, surgery or radiotherapy.  In this report, a primary bone lymphoma with vertebral and femur involvement, which is treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and autologous transplantation after surgical treatment, is presented.
PITFALLS IN THE GAMMA KNIFE TREATMENT OF PITUITARY ADENOMAS
Authors: Perin Radu Daniel , Stoica Fery , Neamtu Daniela
Published: November 2024

Purpose
In the multimodal treatment of pituitary adenomas Radiosurgery is mainly used as a secondary treatment after the medical treatment and neurosurgery. Yet the Gamma Knife Treatment isn’t possible without some risks and complications.
 
Material and Methods
In this retrospective study 841 treatments were included. The patients were treated in the Radiotherapy Laboratory of the “Bagdasar-Arseni” Emergency Clinical Hospital, between 2004 and 2024, initially using a Gamma Knife 4C device, then a Gamma Knife Perfection and now an Esprit model. Most of the cases underwent surgery beforehand. The purpose of the treatment was tumor growth control and, in functioning adenomas, hormone hypersecretion control with the preservation of normal pituitary functions and the normal functioning of surrounding structures.
 
Due to the treatment guidelines, we used during the treatments, very few complications occurred. There were 7 cases of hypopituitarism, 3 cases of oculomotor palsies, 6 cases of pituitary apoplexy. There were no recorded cases of significant optic neuropathy or carotid stenosis.
Results and Conclusions
The Gamma Knife treatment determined, in almost all cases, the stopping of tumor growth and in most cases a reduction in tumor volume. Complications (optic neuropathy, hypopituitarism, damage to the nerves inside the cavernous sinus) were very scarce. Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, if basic rules are followed, is an efficient and safe method in the treatment of pituitary adenomas.
EFFICACY OF DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION
Authors: Radu Crina , Dabu A. , Tudor C. , Teleanu D.
Published: November 2024

During the last decade deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been established as a highly effective surgical therapy not only for advanced Parkinson’s disease, but also for dystonia or essential tremor. It is defined as a neuromodulatory technique that delivers adjustable electrical stimuli to different key targets such as the subthalamic nucleus (STN), the internal globus pallidus (GPI) or the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM).
 
This comparative analysis aims to guide in tailoring individual patient profiles, optimizing outcomes by selecting the most appropriate target area based on symptomatology and patient specific factors and has the end goal to improve motor function, quality of life and diminish possible side effects.
 
The existing clinical trials were reviewed with results that showed no significant differences between the STN-DBS and GPI-DBS groups in Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III scores within 1st year post-surgery. STN-DBS allowed greater reduction in medication dosages for patients, whereas GPI-DBS provided greater relief from psychiatric symptoms. Dyskinesia scores were also greatly improved by GPI stimulation. Moreover, for patients with dystonia, both GPIDBS and STN- DBS were successful in improving quality of life, patients with primary dystonia having a better response overall in terms of efficacy of the procedures than those with secondary dystonia.
 
45 cases of STN-DBS and 5 cases of GPI- DBS procedures were safely performed in our clinic using a stereotactic frame with significant motor symptoms relief and medication reduction.
 
In conclusion, further research comparing the side effects and quality of life is needed to refine target selection criteria and to optimize long-term management of patients with Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders.
 
 
References
“Deep brain stimulation of globus pallidus internus and subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson’s disease: a multicenter, retrospective study of efficacy and safety.” Aug 2023 Volume 45, pages 177–185, (2024)
“Deep brain stimulation treating dystonia: a systematic review of targets, body distributions and etiology classifications.” Nov 2021 Volume 15 – 2021.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.757579.
“STN versus GPi Deep brain stimulation for action and rest tremor in parkinson’s disease.” Oct 2020 Volume 14 – 2020.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.578615.
“STN versus GPi Deep brain stimulation for dyskinesia improvement in advanced Parkinson’s disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.” 2021 Feb: 201:106450. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106450.
“Where are we with deep brain stimulation? a review of scientific publications and ongoing research.”
https://doi.org/10.1159/00052137.
ODONTOID FRACTURE TREATED WITH CEMENT-AUGMENTED DIRECT ANTERIOR SCREW OSTEOSYNTHESYS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS
Authors: Teplý Ondřej , Nesnídal Petr , Fiedler Jiří
Published: November 2024

Purpose of the Study
The authors retrospectively evaluate data of a cohort of patients operated on with the same surgical technique over a 10-year period with a mean age of 81.7 years for odontoid fracture.
 
Material and Methods
Between 2012 and 2021 we performed cement-augmented direct anterior screw osteosynthesis in. The mean follow-up period was 2.7 years.
 
Results
A total of 41 screws were inserted, 2 screws in 7 patients, Total of 33 patients (97%; N=34) odontoid type II fracture, 1x type III (1%; N = 34. We lost 5 patients from follow up.
 
Radiologically we found 20x fusion (69%; N = 29), 7x pseudoarthrosis stable (type I and II) (24.1%; N = 29), 2x loosening, failure (type III and IV) (7%; N = 29). We assessed as stable condition 27 times (93%; N = 29). On the follow-ups with
no major reported pain VAS 2 (6.9 to 2 postoperatively) (p < 0.05), 26 (90%; N = 29) of living patients return to original activities at 1 year postoperatively. Perioperatively, we experienced 16 times cement leakage (47%; N=34).
Conclusions
In our institution, now the method of first choice for type II odontoid fractures in geriatric patients. It has a reasonable operative risk, preserve rotations of the upper cervical spine and quality of life of these patients (satisfaction 90%) and achieve stability of fracture in 93% of patients.
CEREBRAL ANEURYSM CHARACTERISTICS AND SURGICAL OUTCOMES
Authors: Toader Corneliu , Covache-Busuioc Razvan-Adrian , Glavan Luca-Andrei , Luca-Husti Ionut Florin , Ciurea Alexandru Vlad
Published: November 2024

Background
Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) represent life-threatening neurosurgical emergencies. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of 346 patients with 416 IAs treated using microsurgical clipping between 2016/2022, focusing on demographic characteristics, aneurysm features, and surgical outcomes.
 
Methods
This retrospective study involved patients from the National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases in Bucharest, Romania. Variables examined included aneurysm localization, diameter, neck dimensions, rupture status, and postoperative complications. The study employed statistical analysis using Python and adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki principles (2013).
Results
-    Patient Demographics: 346 patientsaa: mean age over 30 years. A gender discrepancy was noted, with a higher prevalence of IAs in females (3:1 ratio).
-    Aneurysm Characteristics: Anterior communicating artery and middle cerebral artery (246 cases, 71% of total). Diameters ranged from 2-12.5 mm in 323 cases (93.3%), with neck dimensions primarily between 1-5 mm in 292 cases (84.4%).
-    Rupture and Complications: A substantial prevalence of ruptured aneurysms was observed in 309 patients (89.3%). Hemorrhage was noted in 312 cases (90.1%), and 101 patients (29.2%) experienced vasospasm. The Fisher score distribution highlighted severity, with 142 cases (41%) at score 3.
-    Surgical Outcomes: The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) indicated favorable results in 261 patients (75.4%), while 84 patients (24.3%) succumbed postoperatively, with 70 patients (20.2%) due to neurological causes. Postoperative complications included 25 reoperations (7.2%) and 71 cases of osteomyelitis (20.5%).
-    Predictive Factors: Significant risk factors included arterial hypertension (mostly grade II), atherosclerosis, obesity, and diabetes, influencing both intraoperative phases and postoperative infection rates.
 
Conclusion
The study underscores the critical nature of timely surgical intervention in IA cases, particularly for ruptured aneurysms. The findings emphasize the need for tailored, multidisciplinary treatment strategies and ongoing research to improve surgical protocols and patient outcomes. The comprehensive analysis of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables provides valuable insights into managing intracranial aneurysms, highlighting the complexities and challenges in treating this condition.
Avaliação dos níveis de conhecimento sobre asma de pais de crianças asmáticas hospitalizadas
Authors: Nunes Francis José de Jesus , Baraky Pedro Paulo Teixeira , Oliveira Rafael Fisher , Castro Sílvia Paschoalini Azalim de
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A asma é doença crônica mais prevalente na infância e representa um significativo problema de saúde pública devido aos seus impactos individuais e econômicos. A adesão ao tratamento é crucial para o controle da doença e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A educação em saúde tem a finalidade de estimular a autonomia do paciente e seus responsáveis; apesar disso, ainda são observados níveis insuficientes de conhecimento acerca da doença por cuidadores de crianças com asma. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos pais e cuidadores de crianças asmáticas que necessitaram de internação hospitalar por exacerbação do quadro respiratório. Material e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional descritivo, com aplicação de um questionário específico aos pais e cuidadores de crianças asmáticas internadas em hospital terciário. O teste, denominado Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (NAKQ), validado internacionalmente, avalia o grau de conhecimento do entrevistado sobre a doença. Resultados: Foram avaliados 27 pais e cuidadores. Desses, 23 (85%) não possuíam conhecimento adequado sobre a asma, e quatro (15%) apresentaram conhecimento satisfatório, sendo que três (75%), desses últimos, realizavam acompanhamento médico regular. Entre os pais com conhecimento insuficiente, apenas 8% realizavam acompanhamento médico. Apesar de 14 (52%) dos entrevistados terem recebido orientações sobre a doença, apenas três (21%) desses mostraram conhecimento adequado no questionário. Conclusão: O estudo revelou que a maioria dos pais de crianças asmáticas internadas apresentou conhecimento insuficiente sobre a doença, o que é consistente com estudos realizados anteriormente. A educação em saúde e o acompanhamento regular são fundamentais para o controle da asma, e a falha na educação e no acompanhamento pode contribuir para o uso inadequado das medicações e aumento das internações. A melhoria das estratégias educativas e a garantia de acompanhamento contínuo são essenciais para aprimorar o controle da asma e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
العلاقة بين أبعاد التغذية العكسية عن الأداء وبين أداء المرؤوسين ورضاهم الوظيفي
Authors: اليامي أحمد مداوس
Published: November 2024

لقد حاولت هذه الدراسة البحث في جانبين مهمين في التغذية العكسية عن الأداء وهما: (1) مدى التوافق بين إدراك عينة من المشرفين المباشرين لسلوكهم في عدد من أبعاد التغذية العكسية عن الأداء، وبين إدراك مرؤوسيهم لذلك السلوك في نفس الأبعاد. (2) العلاقات بين تلك الأبعاد وبين أداء المرؤوس ورضاه عن المشرف المباشر، ورضاه الوظيفي العام. وقد وجدت في الجانب الأول تبايناً بين المشرفين والمرؤوسين في معظم الأبعاد قيد الدراسة وذلك في صالح المشرفين، وهذا ما أطلق عليه الباحثون في هذا المجال التحيز للنفس. كما أوضحت نتائج هذه الدراسة أيضاً أن هناك علاقات ذات دلالة إحصائية بين معظم أبعاد سلوك المشرف المباشر في التغذية العكسية عن الأداء، وبين أداء المرؤوس ورضاه عن المشرف المباشر ورضاه الوظيفي العام. ومثالاً على ذلك وجدت هذه الدراسة علاقة إيجابية بين توقيت التغذية العكسية الإيجابية وبين أداء المرؤوس، كما وجدت أنه كلما زاد تكرار التغذية العكسية السلبية عن الأداء من المشرف إلى المرؤوس، انخفض الرضا عن ذلك المشرف. وبناءً على تلك النتائج وغيرها تم تقديم بعض التوصيات لتحسين سلوك المشرفين المباشرين فيما يتعلق بأبعاد التغذية العكسية عن الأداء.
بحث أهمية التوجيه في ثلاث مؤسسات لبنانية للتعليم العالي
Authors: كاركوليان سيلفا
Published: November 2024

التوجيه وسيلة لدعم النمو المهني والتطوير، وهذا بدوره يشجع أعضاء هيئة التدريس، ومن ثم يؤدي إلى إفادة المؤسسة التعليمية. والهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تأكيد أعضاء هيئة التدريس على أهمية التوجيه، وقد تم اختيار تسعين من أعضاء هيئة التدريس، من المتعاقدين ومن المتفرغين من ثلاث جامعات في بيروت للقيام بهذه الدراسة. وتوضح هذه الدراسة أهمية التوجيه من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس، حيث تم البحث في المسائل المتعلقة بالتدريب، والجنس، والثقافة، وما للتوجيه من مزايا وعيوب.
الصادرات الأردنية: المحددات والتوقعات المستقبلية (2005 - 2020)
Authors: المساعيد سليمان وارد , البطاينة إبراهيم محمد
Published: November 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على محددات الصادرات الأردنية، والتنبؤ بمستقبل نموها خلال الفترة 2005-2020، حيث استخدمت الدراسة منهجية حديثة لتحقيق هذا الهدف؛ ألا وهي منهجية Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach (ARDL) لإيجاد أثر كل من سعر الصرف الحقيقي للدينار الأردني والناتج المحلي الإجمالي لأهم شركاء الأردن التجاريين على نمو الصادرات الأردنية خلال الفترة 1971- 2004، أما نتائج الدراسة فكانت على النحو الآتي: (1) زيادة الناتج المحلي الإجمالي لأبرز الشركاء التجاريين يساعد على زيادة الصادرات الأردنية؛ (2) انخفاض السعر الحقيقي لصرف الدينار الأردني يساعد على زيادة الصادرات الأردنية على المدى القصير، ولا أثر واضحاً له على المدى الطويل، (3) نمو متوقع للصادرات الأردنية وبنسبة متناقصة، وهو ما يبقي على عجز مستمر في الميزان التجاري على مدار السنوات القادمة. وتقترح الدراسة ضرورة زيادة القدرة التنافسية للصادرات الأردنية مع التركيز على تقليل تركز الصادرات الأردنية في سلع وإلى دول محددة؛ وذلك لتلافي الخطورة التي قد تنشأ عن عوامل ومتغيرات خارجية تؤدي إلى انكماش الصادرات الأردنية من تلك السلع أو لتلك الدول.
آثار التوجه التسويقي واستراتيجية نمو سوق السلعة على الحصة السوقية
Authors: بلشكو لاري
Published: November 2024

هذه دراسة تطبيقية عن العلاقة بين استراتيجية نمو المنظمة، والتوجه التسويقي مع الحصة السوقية المدركة، مستخدمة عينة من المديرين في مجال الخدمات المالية. ولم يجد الباحث أي تفاعل بين التوجه التسويقي واستراتيجية نمو المنظمة مع الحصة السوقية. كما لم تكن هنالك أية تفاعلات أساسية للتوجه التسويقي أو استراتيجية نمو السلعة مع أداء الحصة السوقية المدرك. بيد أن استراتيجية نمو السوق تظهر تفاعلات أساسية أخرى وهي أن النمو المركز على الأسواق الجديدة والحالية يقود إلى حصة أكبر.
هيكل الملكية و علاقته بالهيكل المالي: دراسة تطبيقية على الشركات المدرجة في سوق الكويت للأوراق المالية
Authors: الديحاني طلاع محمد , السعد خالد محمد
Published: November 2024

تدرس هذه الورقة علاقة هيكل الملكية بالهيكل المالي للشركات المدرجة في سوق ناشئة هي سوق الكويت للأوراق المالية. وقد أثبتت الدراسة وجود علاقة بين حجم الدين وحجم حقوق السيطرة، بالمقارنة بحجم حقوق التدفقات النقدية. كما أثبتت وجود علاقة بين حجم الدين ووجود مدير من العائلة التي تملك حصة غالبة في الشركة وبين حجم الدين و كل من حجم حقوق السيطرة وحجم حقوق التدفقات النقدية وتركز السيطرة في يد العائلة، وهو ما يعزز وجود مشكلة الوكالة. وتؤكد الدراسة على مدى جدية هذه المشكلة التي قد يتحمل نتائجها باقي المساهمين عند حدوث الأزمات المالية، بسبب طبيعة تركيبة الهيكل المالي، كتلك التي عصفت بأسواق المال الشرق- آسيوية عام 1997.
قياس كفاءة سوق الكويت للأوراق المالية
Authors: أسيري بتول قاسم
Published: November 2024

تركز هذه الدراسة على قياس السير العشوائي للأسهم الكويتية لجميع الشركات المدونة في سوق الكويت للأوراق المالية. وذلك من خلال دراسة أسعار الأسهم اليومية في الفترة من 1 يناير 2000 إلى 31ديسمبر 2002 والمعلنة في سوق الكويت للأوراق المالية لـ 80 شركة. لتحقيق هدف الدراسة عمدت الدراسة إلى إجراء اختبار دكي- فُلر (جذر الوحدة) واختبار دكي- فُلر مع الانجراف ومع الاتجاه. فضلا عن استخدام التمهيد الأسّي واختبار الانحدار الذاتي. جميع الاختبارات أثبتت جذر الوحدة للأسهم الكويتية، سواءً للعينة بوجه عام أو لكل قطاع على حدة. بهذا وبناء على ذلك، استنتجت الدراسة أن سوق الكويت للأوراق المالية على درجة منخفضة من الكفاءة.
Exploring the Contents of Leader Identity Development Across Life Domains
Authors: Cotrim Felipe , Da Silva Gomes Jorge Filipe
Published: November 2024

The way an individual self-identifies as a leader (leader identity) is a critical component of the leader development process (Day and Harrison, 2007). Since this recognition, the field has experienced increased attention (Epitropaki et al., 2017). In this way, the development of a leader identity naturally becomes a topic of importance given that organizations are interested in more effective leaders, considering the 60 billion dollars spent on leadership development programs by global organizations every year (Future Market Insights, 2024). However, despite some recent advances in understanding leader identity development, the discussion is often limited to a single life domain, most commonly work (Lanka et al., 2020) when leadership is understood to transcend a formal role or context (DeRue, Ashford and Cotton, 2009). The present investigation draws on theory of leader development across life domains (Hammond, Clapp-Smith and Palanski, 2017) to explore factors that promote and hamper self-identification as a leader. Through a thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2006), 25 in-depth interviews focused on three different life arenas revealed four factors promoting leader identity development: being conceded responsibility, taking initiative, having an expanded understanding of leadership, and having a sense of purpose. Additionally, two factors served as obstacles: a feeling of incapacity, and self-focus. Implications for practice and theory are discussed. Specifically, the section distinguishes between internally- and externally-driven leader identity, how leader identity can be developed before and during the course of a research interview, and the role of purpose. On the obstacles side, the findings are firstly linked to the impact of leadership stereotypes (Epitropaki and Martin, 2004). Also, foundational works such as social identity theory (Tajfel and Turner, 1986) and job demands-resources theory (Bakker, Demerouti and Sanz-Vergel, 2014) are incorporated in terms of how they may justify obstruction of positive change in leader identity.
Corporate Governance, ESG, Audit Committee and Financial Performance in European Investment Holding Companies
Authors: Olteanu (Burca) Andreea Larisa
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this research paper is to explore the connection between Corporate Governance, Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG), Audit Committee (AC) and Financial Performance in European Investment Holding Companies. This paper aims to understand whether there is a correlation between these elements. The study answers the following research question: "What is the impact of corporate governance indicators, ESG and financial performance on investments in public holding companies in Europe?" Our findings reveal significant correlations between corporate governance structures and financial performance metrics, as well as the influence of ESG ratings on financial performance and corporate governance. Additionally, we identify the effects of audit committee characteristics on financial performance and ESG outcomes. The reported data is collected from a sample of companies included in the Refinitiv Eikon Database and analysed using a panel data analysis at both regional and industry level. The sample is composed of 228 European Companies, covering a period of 4 years, from 2019-2022. I chose this because it includes the impact of the pandemic and the post-pandemic recovery period, providing insight into the adaptability and resilience of companies in the face of major economic challenges.This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics between corporate governance, ESG practices and financial performance, providing valuable insights for investors, managers and regulators aiming to navigate sustainable investment strategies in the European market. This sample is considered large enough to provide meaningful data and draw relevant conclusions. Companies from various European countries were included to reflect the diversity of the market and to analyse variations in governance and ESG practices in different national contexts. The focus on public holding companies provides a specific perspective on how these entities manage corporate governance and ESG, given their importance in the European economy. The selection of the sample was based on the availability of financial and corporate governance data to ensure the reliability and validity of the analysis. This data will be used to investigate how governance and ESG practices influence companies' financial performance, thus providing important insights for understanding the relationship between these aspects within the European market.
Job Quality, Gender and Generations: A Comparative and Exploratory Analysis of European Countries
Authors: Ferreira Pedro , Gomes Sofia , Gabriel Carla
Published: November 2024

This study conducts a comparative analysis of European countries regarding job quality and its relationship with gender and generational cohorts, using data from the 2021 European Working Conditions Survey. The research focuses on the subjective evaluations of job quality by European workers and examines how gender and generations may be related with these perceptions. The study operationalizes job quality using the European Intrinsic Job Quality Index, a multidimensional measure encompassing various aspects such as autonomy, interaction, intensity, and meaningful. The results show relevant variations in Intrinsic Job Quality across European countries. The study also finds that gender and generations play a role in shaping the perception of job quality. The findings of this study contribute to the ongoing debate on the importance of job quality for wellbeing and highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve job quality, particularly taking into account specific groups. The study's results also underscore the importance of considering the subjective evaluations of job quality in policy-making and the need for more comprehensive measures of job quality that capture the diverse experiences of workers across Europe.
Automation and the Importance of Reskilling Workers: A Case Study in the Automotive Industry
Authors: Costa Iara , Machado Cândida Sofia , Conceição Oscarina
Published: November 2024

Rapid technological developments, especially the spread of automation and artificial intelligence (AI), have been transforming the world of work, raising some concerns about the future of employment. Automation presents both opportunities and challenges for the labor market. While we can expect productivity to grow with automation, and with-it economic growth, the fear of job loss linked to automation is also present. This paper aims to study the impact of automation on employment, with a special focus on the automotive industry, which stands out as one of the sectors most affected by automation. A second objective is to examine the reskilling procedures implemented by companies in this context, with a view to identifying effective strategies that bring benefits to both the employer and the workforce. To analyze the implications of automation in the automotive industry and the strategies adopted by companies to face these implications, we carried out an exploratory case study, using interviews, with the participation of four companies located in the districts of Minho, in the North of Portugal. The results show that, considering the impact of automation on employment, there is no negative impact since the destruction of some jobs was compensated by the creation of new ones. As for the reskilling procedures implemented by companies, results indicate that reskilling and upskilling are important strategies to prepare workers to transition to new jobs and tasks. Automation has been present in the automotive sector for many years and it has been gaining greater relevance over time. Businesses gain from several benefits provided by automation, including improved value for money, increased productivity, and increased worker safety. At the same time, they also face some challenges, such as high investment costs and workers' apprehension about transforming workplaces. Nonetheless, the investment pays off since companies invest heavily in reskilling their employees, and thus have a more qualified workforce that is prepared for any change that may arise. This paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the implications of automation in the labour market in the automotive sector and highlights the importance of workforce reskilling for the sustainability of companies. These findings are relevant for both employers and employees.
Does Corporate Governance Moderate the Relationship Between Earnings Management and Financial Performance?
Authors: Bojan Andreea Madalina , Lungu Camelia Iuliana , Caraiani Chirata
Published: November 2024

Motivation: This study aims to fill the gap in the corporate governance literature by examining the moderating role of corporate governance on earnings management and financial performance. Idea: The research is conducted in the light of agency and legitimacy theories, looking through how corporate governance practices moderate the relationship between earnings management and financial performance. Data: The database consists of an international sample of non-financial companies, for the time frame between 2020 and 2023. The data are collected from Thomson Reuters Eikon, and the analysed period responds to a thorough approach of the topic under problematic circumstances. In line with prior literature, this analysis includes several corporate governance mechanisms such as number of board meetings, board gender diversity, board size, CEO duality, independent board members, and audit committee independence. Among the control variables could be mentioned firm size, financial leverage, and profit or loss. Corporate governance is examined as a key driver in achieving financial performance, maximising the value created by companies and strengthening their connections with stakeholders. Tools: To test the research hypotheses, investigation is performed through frequency and descriptive statistics, parametric correlations, complemented with panel regression analysis with random effects performed in STATA 18 software. Findings: According to the results, there is strong evidence that financial performance is impacted by earnings management, at the corporate level. Notably, the main findings suggest that board meetings, board size, and board independence may be underlying factors in reducing the adverse effects of earnings management reflected in financial performance. Likewise, corporate governance may contribute to an effective monitoring of earnings management. Muchmore, the findings are in line with the agency theory, which asserts that corporate governance practices lessen managerial resource exploitation necessary for sustainable development and financial performance. Contribution: Relevance of the study resides in grounding a comprehensive overview in the earnings management and sustainability literature, examining corporate governance patterns. This research contributes to the debate of influence exerted by earnings management practices on financial performance extended towards a better understanding of corporate governance outcomes.