bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUÊNCIA DA EVOLUÇÃO TECNOLOGICA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO TÉCNICO DO JOGO DE XADREZ
Authors: Tirado Augusto Cláudio Santa Brígida , Brusamolin Valério
Published: March 2018

O presente estudo investiga a influência dos avanços da tecnologia no desenvolvimento técnico do jogo de xadrez sob a ótica da Teoria Ator-Rede (TAR), analisando as mudanças nas práticas de aprendizagem e treinamento de xadrez decorrentes da inclusão de novos dispositivos. O artigo foi estruturado em quatro períodos históricos, identificando as modificações mais significativas no cenário mundial e os correspondentes avanços no desempenho dos jogadores. As análises se fundamentaram na Teoria Ator-Rede, evidenciando os elementos incorporados e as mudanças ocasionadas. Verificou-se que as alterações ocasionadas com novas tecnologias no ensino e treinamento transformaram o modelo de aprendizagem e treinamento adotados pelos Grandes Mestres, aumentando a quantidade de praticantes e a qualidade das partidas. Também ocorreram mudanças sociais capazes de reorganizar a estrutura física dos clubes e formas de praticar o jogo. O estudo pretende fornecer informações úteis para o aperfeiçoamento do ensino do jogo de xadrez.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CAMPO CIENTÍFICO E O FEMINISMO
Authors: Surmani Josiane de Souza , Tortato Cíntia de Souza Batista
Published: March 2018

Resumo: A questão central deste trabalho é compreender como o campo científico é construído em relação ao gênero e como as teorias feministas se relacionam com o campo científico. Para alcançar este objetivo analisar-se-ão alguns elementos do campo científico que as teorias feministas discutem, dentro do enfoque Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS). O texto se divide em três partes. A primeira parte apresenta o conceito de campo científico, construído pelo sociólogo francês Pierre Bourdieu, questionando sobre as relações sociais da atividade científica. A segunda parte trata da introdução das teorias feministas no campo científico e os mecanismos de invisibilidade da mulher na ciência. A terceira parte aborda algumas contribuições das teorias feministas para a Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS). A exclusão e invisibilidade da mulher no mundo da ciência contribuíram para a construção de algumas estratégias epistemológicas das teorias feministas e construção de uma ciência democrática, denunciando a imparcialidade da ciência e seus valores baseados no masculino. A construção da epistemologia feminista parte da necessidade de incluir novos grupos e métodos analíticos, que possam compreender como a ciência é construída e avançar para uma sociedade que abarque e valorize as diferenças. Os estudos de CTS permitem levantar questionamentos abrangentes, o que possibilita mudanças sociais importantes.
Refitted inclined plate for improving suspended solids removal in standard storm-water sumps
Authors: Zhang Yiping , Chen Anchao , Zhang Ping , Zhou Yongchao , Zhang Tuqiao
Published: March 2018

Suspended solids (SS) in the storm-water makes up a significant source of total suspended solids in wet weather flow. With appropriate modification and maintenance, the standard sumps in the drainage system can remove SS from storm-water runoff as a best management practice device. To increase the removal efficiency, especially in the condition of high flow rate, inclined plates, based on the shallow pool sedimentation theory, have been designed and refitted to the sump. Its performance under the different surface load and flow rate were evaluated through scale models. The results show that the preliminary design, Model A, had limited removal efficiency, and even played a negative role sometimes due to the concentrated flow in the axis. The optimizations through installing a non-uniform porous baffle (Model B) and adopting inverted V-shaped plates (Model C) were improved, and results show that removal efficiency rate can be increased by around 15–20%, even at high flow rates. Moreover, too many plates cannot improve the removal rate further, because they make the cross-section decline and lead to higher velocity between plates.
The rate of denitrification using hydrodynamically disintegrated excess sludge as an organic carbon source
Authors: Walczak J. , Zubrowska-Sudol M.
Published: March 2018

This study investigates the potential of hydrodynamically disintegrated excess activated sludge when used as a supplementary carbon source for denitrification. Two objectives constituted this study: (i) to analyse the denitrification rate by using excess sludge subjected to hydrodynamic disintegration (HD), performed at different energy densities, as an organic carbon source, and (ii) to analyse the impact of hydrolysis of disintegrated sludge on the denitrification rate. Nitrate reduction tests were conducted to assess the denitrification rate for the following sources of organic carbon: thickened excess sludge disintegrated at three levels of energy density (70, 140 and 210 kJ/L), acetic acid solution and municipal wastewater after mechanical treatment. It was found that the HD of excess sludge conducted at different levels of energy density led to dissolved organic compounds characterised by various properties as donors of H+ in the denitrification process. The susceptibility of disintegrated sludge to anaerobic hydrolysis decreased along with the increasing energy density. The obtained organic carbon contributed to a lower increase in the denitrification rate in comparison to that when disintegrated sludge not subjected to hydrolysis was applied.
Bioremediation of steel plant wastewater and enhanced electricity generation in microbial desalination cell
Authors: Shinde Omkar A. , Bansal Ankita , Banerjee Angela , Sarkar Supriya
Published: March 2018

Microbial desalination cell (MDC) is a propitious technology towards water desalination by utilizing wastewater as an energy source. In this study, a multi-chambered MDC was used to bioremediate steel plant wastewater using the same wastewater as a fuel for anodic bacteria. A pure culture of Pseudomonas putida MTCC 1194 was isolated and inoculated to remove toxic phenol. Three different inoculum conditions, namely P. putida (INC-A), a mixture of P. putida and activated sludge (INC-B), and activated sludge alone (INC-C) were employed in an anodic chamber to mainly compare the electricity generation and phenol degradation in MDCs. The study revealed the maximum phenol removal of 82 ± 2.4%, total dissolved solids (TDS) removal of 68 ± 1.5%, and power generation of 10.2 mW/m2 using INC-B. The synergistic interactions between microorganisms, can enhance the toxic phenol degradation and also electricity generation in MDC for onsite wastewater application.
PI3K Signaling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Mechanisms, Targets, and Therapy
Authors: Pirozzi Flora , Ren Kai , Murabito Alessandra , Ghigo Alessandra
Published: March 2018

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disorder characterized by irreversible chronic inflammation and airflow obstruction. It affects more than 64 million patients worldwide and it is predicted to become the third cause of death in the industrialized world by 2030. Currently available therapies are not able to block disease progression and to reduce mortality, underlying the need for a better understanding of COPD pathophysiological mechanisms to identify new molecular therapeutic targets. Recent studies demonstrated that phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling is prominently activated in COPD and correlates with an increased susceptibility of patients to lung infections. PI3Ks have thus emerged as promising alternative drug targets for COPD and a wide array of pan-isoform and isoform-selective inhibitors have been tested in preclinical models and are currently being evaluated in clinical studies. Here, we summarize the recent knowledge on the involvement of PI3K enzymes in the pathophysiology of COPD, and we discuss the most recent results arising from the preclinical as well as the clinical testing of PI3K inhibitors as novel therapeutics for COPD.
Modified and Dysfunctional Lipoproteins in Atherosclerosis: Effectors or Biomarkers?
Authors: Orekhov Alexander N. , Sobenin Igor A.
Published: March 2018

Atherosclerotic diseases are the leading cause of mortality in industrialized countries. Correspondingly, studying the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and developing new methods for its diagnostic and treatment remain in the focus of current medicine and health care. This review aims to discuss the mechanistic role of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in atherogenesis. In particular, the generally accepted hypothesis about the key role of oxidized LDL in atherogenesis is questioned, and an alternative concept of multiple modification of LDL is presented. The fundamental question discussed in this review is whether LDL and HDL are effectors or biomarkers, or both. This is important for understanding whether lipoproteins are a therapeutic target or just diagnostic indicators.
Development of Novel Nanocomposites Based on Graphene/Graphene Oxide and Electrochemical Sensor Applications
Authors: Yola Mehmet Lütfi
Published: March 2018

Background:

Until now, several methods such as spectroscopic methods and chromatographic techniques have been developed for the determination of biomolecules, drug or heavy metals. Nevertheless, the crucial interference problems are present in these methods. Due to these reasons, more sensitive, favorable portability, low-cost, simple and selective sensors based on nanocomposites are needed in terms of health safety. In the development of electrochemical nanosensor, the nanomaterials such as graphene/graphene oxide, carbon and carbon nitride nanotubes are utilized to improve the sensitivity.

Objective:

The nanomaterials such as graphene/graphene oxide, carbon and carbon nitride nanotubes have important advantages such as high surface area, electrical conductivity, thermal and mechanical stability. Hence, we presented the highly selective methods for sensitive sensor applications by molecular imprinting technology in literature. This technology is a polymerization method around target molecule. This method provides the specific cavities to analyte molecule on the polymer surface. Hence, the selective sensor is easily created for biomedical and other applications. Novel electrochemical sensors based on nanocomposite whose surface is coated with Molecular Imprinting Polymer (MIP) are developed and then applied to the selective and sensitive detection in this study. Until now, we have presented several reports about nanocomposite based sensor with MIP.
Electrochemical Characterization of Gold-Nanostructured Platinum Substrates and Application to Determination of Hg(II) at Trace Levels
Authors: Yen Pham Thi Hai , Dang Vu Hai , Phong Pham Hong , Ha Vu Thi Thu
Published: March 2018

Objectives:

To develop gold nanostructure on Pt substrate for detection of Hg(II) in
environment by DPASV technique. Its structure was characterized by SEM and electrochemical performance
was evaluated. The fabricated electrodes were used to measure Hg(II) samples in a concentration
range from 2 to 100 ppb.

Method:

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and AuNDs were deposited on platinum substrates by applying
potential of +0.50 V for AuNPs deposition and galvanostatic of -50 mA for AuNDs/Pt in a solution
20 mM HAuCl4, 10 mM KI, 5 mM NH4Cl and 0.5 M H2SO4.The electrochemical behaviors of
AuNPs/Pt and AuNDs/Pt were examined using CV in 5 mM K3[Fe(CN)6]/0.1 M PBS solution, pH = 7
and the detection of Hg(II) was performed by DPASV.

Results:

The SEM images show that largest surface area was obtained at 120 s depositing time. Effective
surface areas (ESA) of AuNPs and AuNDs are about 1.39 and 5.19 times higher than electrode
geometric area. Calibration curves achieved with R2= 0.9978; 0.9975; 0.9973 and LOD= 0.55; 0.105
and 0.042 ppb for Au disk, AuNPs/Pt and AuNDs/Pt respectively. Reproducibility with ten measurements
of 10, 40 and 80 ppb of Hg(II), RSD (%) were 3.5, 2.8 and 1.5 respectively. No significant effect
on Hg(II) signals was found except CCu(II) with 100 times higher than CHg(II). Comparison with AAS,
data difference between the two techniques is acceptable, at only 4.34%.

Conclusion:

LOD for Hg(II) detection by AuNDs/Pt achieved 0.042 ppb with linear range of 2.0–100
ppb. Combining with a laboratory constructed galvano-potentiostat, it can be used in on-site measurement.
Information Retrieval, Self Directed Learning and Academic Performance among Facebook Users
Authors: Din Noorriati , Haron Shireen
Published: March 2018

Online social networking refers to social network sites such as Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Meetup, Tribe and MySpace. Since the inception, the number of online social networking is being created rapidly with many sophisticated features being developed ever since.  The Facebook has gained much popularity among the public mainly for interactions as well as for exchanging information. This study intends to investigate the information retrieval that occurs in the Facebook platform and if the process of retrieving information on the Facebook support academic performance. Fifty-nine self-directed adult learners participated in this research.
Legal Implications on Mismanagement of Agrochemicals in Smallholders' Agro Production in Malaysia
Authors: Ali Alizah , Mohamed Noah Roha , Abd Malik Shaherah
Published: March 2018

Purpose of this study is attempted to look into laws on mismanagement of agrochemicals towards the agro food production and conservation of ecosystem in Malaysia. Artificial fertilizers, fungicides, herbicides and insecticides in manageable of rural farmers' food yielding production could cost human hardship upon consumptions and detrimental to conservation. Economic sustainable minimal or chemical free tropical food yielding agriculture food crop not only will reap in profits in upgrading income and livelihood but will definitely create a good environment in developing countries. There are significant differences on laws on the issue of mismanagement of agrochemical application towards the production and conservation of ecosystems in Malaysia with the implementation of laws on agriculture chemicals.
Mandatory Health Impact Assessment for Promoting Public Health in Malaysia
Authors: Maidin Ainul Jaria , Salahul Ahamed Nurul Firdaus
Published: March 2018

Indiscriminate land development activities and poorly planned built environment is the major cause of environmental degradation that impacts adversely on public health. Polluted environment can expose people to pollutants causing asthma and respiratory problems whilst improperly planned development without open space for recreation influence lifestyles that contribute to diabetes, hypertension, coronary vascular disease due to sedentary lifestyle and lack of physical movement. Public health advocates can help shape the design of cities and suburbs in ways that improve public health, but to do so effectively they need to contribute to the development planning and control process. This paper proposes for the incorporation of the health impact assessment proves as a mandatory requirement for preparation of development plans and application for planning permission. The research relies on literature review, analysis of relevant statutes and governmental policy documents providing for policy directions for formulating the legal regulatory framework.
Preventing Criminal Victimization in Ensuring Safe Cities: An Islamic perspective
Authors: Hussin Nasimah , Zawawi Majdah
Published: March 2018

Crime prevention is considered as the main agenda of the government. Nevertheless, it has usually been overlooked that the victim him/herself can be the contributing factor to the criminal incident. The main problem is in educating the community on the preventive measures that could be taken in order to avoid victimization of individuals. Such suggestions are based on Islamic principles. Hence this paper discusses the preventive measures that can be observed by both individuals and the community to prevent criminal victimization.

Keywords: Criminal victimization; safe community; community inclusion; society and education

eISSN 2514-7528 Â© 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peerâ€“review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Under the Flyovers of Kuala Lumpur: User centered activities in leftover spaces
Authors: Qamaruz-Zaman Nurulhusna , Samadi Zalina , Nik Azhari Nik Farhanah
Published: March 2018

Existences of public spaces in cities are essentials for social interactions to take place, fostering the creation of sustainable, safe and livable cities. Although public spaces are often designed for certain activities, existence of unplanned spaces seemed interwoven in the cityscape, some in the form of leftover spaces, including under the flyovers and bridges, which offers an abundance of opportunities. This paper attempts to review activities under flyovers initiated by its local community in Kuala Lumpur and aims to contribute in further identifying the leftover spaces, and to the possible activities to be considered in developing these spaces to benefit surrounding communities.
Value of Intermediaries Services and Client Satisfaction in Malaysian Local Government
Authors: Samsudin Sharinaz , Haron Shireen , Bakar Ahmad Naqiyuddin
Published: March 2018

This paper aims to determine the value of intermediaries' services toward the client satisfaction in the Local Authority in Malaysia in the process of issuance and renewal of business licenses in Petaling Jaya City Council (PJCC). The mediating effect of the intermediaries between the operational issues in PJCC and client satisfaction was evaluated. A purposive sampling technique was used in this study. The findings show that there is an effect of intermediaries towards operational issues and the client satisfaction. Finally, the study highlights some recommendations that can help top management of PJCC in ensuring higher level of satisfaction among the clients.
THz stimulated emission from simple superlattice in positive differential conductivity region
Authors: Andronov A.A. , Ikonnikov A.V. , Maremianin K.V. , Pozdnjakova V.I. , Nozdrin Y.N. , Marmalyuk A.A. , Padalitsa A.A. , Ladugin M.A. , Belyakov V.A. , Ladenkov I.V. , Fefelov A.G.
Published: March 2018

AbstractNarrow band emissions at 2.6–2.8 THz are observed out of liquid helium cooled 1 mm disk chips prepared of a wafer with the very low n type doped weak barrier GaAs–GaAlAs superlattice of 1000 periods. The emissions are at about 8.0–18.0 V pulsed voltage applied to the chips in region of the chips positive DC differential conductivity that guaranties absence of inhomogeneous electric field domains in the chips. The emission frequency bands are estimated with a cyclotron resonance filter; the measurements show that the band width is of about that of the THz quantum cascade laser. By using long voltage pulses the chip heating above 100 K is achieved without substantial change in emission power. We speculate that the emission is super luminescence (amplification) of whispering gallery modes in the chips as a result of inverted Wannier-Stark level transitions under bias. The results are the first world demonstration of THz stimulated emission in a simple superlattice within region of positive DC differential conductivity; they give strong impetus for development of THz and higher frequency sources based on such simple superlattices; the sources should well compete with the THz quantum cascade lasers in particular at elevated temperatures.
Zeeman splitting of electron spectrum in HgTe quantum wells near the Dirac point
Authors: Germanenko A.V. , Minkov G.M. , Sherstobitov A.A. , Rut O.E. , Dvoretski S.A. , Mikhailov N.N.
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe Zeeman splitting of the conduction band in the HgTe quantum wells both with normal and inverted spectrum has been studied experimentally in a wide electron density range. The simultaneous analysis of the Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations in low magnetic fields at different tilt angles and of the shape of the oscillations in moderate magnetic fields gives a possibility to find the ratio of the Zeeman splitting to the orbital one and anisotropy of g -factor. It is shown that the ratios of the Zeeman splitting to the orbital one are close to each other for both types of structures, with a normal and inverted spectrum and they are close enough to the values calculated within kP method. In contrast, the values of g -factor anisotropy in the structures with normal and inverted spectra are strongly different and for both cases differ significantly from the calculated ones. We assume that such disagreement with calculations is a result of the interface inversion asymmetry in the HgTe quantum well, which is not taken into account in the kP calculations.
Влияние адсорбции водорода на трансформацию Стоуна- Уэльса в углеродных нанотрубках малого диаметра
Authors: Опенов Л.А. , Подливаев А.И.
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe effect of hydrogenation of (4, 0) and (3, 0) carbon nanotubes on the Stone–Wales transformation is studied in the framework of the nonorthogonal tight-binding model. It is shown that the atomic hydrogen adsorption can lead to both a decrease and an increase in the barriers for the direct and inverse transformations depending on the orientation of a rotating C–C bond with respect to the nanotube axis. The characteristic times of formation and annealing the Stone–Wales defects have been estimated. The Young’s moduli have been calculated.
Плотность электронных состояний в зоне проводимости сверхтонких пленок дикарбоксильно замещенного и тетракарбоксильно замещенного нафталина на поверхности окисленного кремния
Authors: Комолов А.С. , Лазнева Э.Ф. , Герасимова Н.Б. , Панина Ю.А. , Барамыгин А.В. , Зашихин Г.Д. , Пшеничнюк С.А.
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe results of examination of the electronic structure of the conduction band of naphthalenedicarboxylic anhydride (NDCA) films in the process of their deposition on the surface of oxidized silicon are presented. These results were obtained using total current spectroscopy (TCS) in the energy range from 5 to 20 eV above the Fermi level. The energy position of the primary maxima of the density of unoccupied states (DOUS) of an NDCA film was determined based on the experimental TCS data and calculated data and compared with the position of the DOUS maxima of a naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA) film. The theoretical analysis involved calculating the energies and the spatial distribution of orbitals of the molecules under study at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) DFT (density functional theory) level and correcting the obtained energies in accordance with the procedure that was proven effective in earlier studies of the conduction band of films of small conjugated organic molecules. It was found that the DOUS maxima of the NTCDA film in the studied energy interval from 5 to 20 eV above the Fermi level are shifted toward lower electron energies by 1–2 eV relative to the corresponding DOUS maxima of the NDCA film Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the .
Синтез нанокристаллического диборида титана в гиперскоростной плазменной струе
Authors: Сивков А.А. , Герасимов Д.Ю. , Никитин Д.С.
Published: March 2018

AbstractResults of experimental investigations of directly synthesizing nanocrystalline titanium diboride in a hypervelocity jet of electrodischarge plasma generated by a pulse high-current coaxial magnetoplasma accelerator with titanium electrodes are presented. The main result of the investigations is manufacturing a product with a mass of up to ∼3 g containing more than 90% of titanium diboride obtained mostly in the form of hexagonal and dodecagonal particles.
ASSESSING MOTOR SKILLS TO INFORM A FETAL ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDER DIAGNOSIS FOCUSING ON PERSONS OLDER THAN 12 YEARS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Safe Bernadette , Joosten Annette , Giglia Roslyn
Published: March 2018

Background

Motor impairments are one of the difficulties present in people prenatally exposed to alcohol, and are included in the diagnostic criteria for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder.

Objectives

The aim of this review was to examine the extent and common types of motor impairment present in persons aged over 12 years prenatally exposed to alcohol as evidence for determining the skills that should be assessed and addressed in intervention.

Methods

A systematic review of current evidence using various electronic databases was conducted. Studies were appraised using a recognised clinical appraisal tool.

Results

Seven studies published between 1998 and 2014 met the inclusion criteria. There is some evidence that difficulties with fine motor skills, visual motor integration, and balance skills persist in people who have been prenatally exposed to alcohol. Most studies did not focus on adolescent or adult participants in isolation, making it difficult to generalise results. Varied methodological designs made it difficult to compare studies as few used common standardised assessments

Conclusion

A review of functional difficulties in each individual would be required to determine if a motor assessment is warranted. Further research is required using assessments recommended in diagnostic guidelines to determine the common motor difficulties seen in adolescents and adults.
Nuevas relaciones de poder/saber en la psicología de las organizaciones: una aproximación desde Foucault
Authors: Porras Velásquez Néstor Raúl
Published: March 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es hacer una revisión crítica sobre los aportes de la propuesta de Michel Foucault, para el análisis de las relaciones de poder en el campo de la psicología de las organizaciones. El método utilizado fue el análisis documental de obras que abordan las conceptualizaciones sobre el poder y las bases en las que se sustenta, los modos de ejercerlo y algunas de las aplicaciones e implicaciones de dichos modelos en la gestión de los recursos humanos. Los resultados muestran las prácticas de gestión humana como el dispositivo de control y articulador de los modos de subjetivación de los individuos y de las acciones que estos ejercen sobre sí mismos, a través del empleo de las tecnologías del yo y las prácticas de gobierno sobre el cuerpo y la mente. Las conclusiones evidencian el papel fundamental del dispositivo disciplinario fabril en la construcción y constitución de unas subjetividades laborales «dóciles».
Entre el no saber del que enseña y el no saber del que aprende: una reflexión desde la práctica filosófica
Authors: Pereira Rios Diego Martin
Published: March 2018

El presente trabajo intenta dar cuenta de lo que ha significado la filosofía para el autor en su camino por la docencia, y sus percepciones a lo largo de los años de formación profesional. El proceso educativo incluye un aprendizaje teórico y práctico que implica el manejo de ciertos saberes y una puesta en práctica de estos. El autor reflexiona acerca de la misma filosofía y su didáctica, con el fin de dar cuenta de que la filosofía implica una didáctica propia, en la cual se descubren dificultades planteadas en el curso con los alumnos de la enseñanza secundaria, cuando la dinámica del aula nos revela una complejidad que enriquece el mismo pensar filosófico. La cuota de responsabilidad intelectual como docentes pone en tela de juicio la vocación filosófica de quien asume el desafío, entre otros aspectos tratados. Por eso, si bien se presenta una reflexión desde la experiencia del mismo autor como docente, el artículo puede ser un insumo válido para seguir pensando en la necesidad de una didáctica filosófica.
La trata de personas con fines de explotación sexual en España: elementos para la reflexión
Authors: Blázquez Vilaplana Belén
Published: March 2018

Aunque la legislación española no reconoce como violencia de género la Trata de Personas con Fines de Explotación Sexual, lo cierto es que desde distintas instancias se está trabajando para su modificación en línea con los acuerdos internacionales firmados y ratificados por el Gobierno español y con las voces que se han alzado desde la sociedad civil. Su estrecha relación con la prostitución, su confusión con el tráfico ilícito de personas y el baile de datos que existe para su cuantificación, lo han convertido en un fenómeno que muchos dicen desconocer pero que alcanza importantes cotas de presencia en el territorio. Visibilizar este fenómeno y abrir espacios para la reflexión son los objetivos de este trabajo.
La normativa peruana en materia de tráfico de migrantes a la luz del Derecho Internacional: ¿Hacia una protección de los derechos de las personas migrantes?
Authors: Blouin Cécile Alice
Published: March 2018

El presente artículo propone analizar la normativa peruana en materia de tráfico de migrantes desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos. Debido a las múltiples aristas del tema y las obligaciones del Derecho Internacional, el Estado ha adoptado de manera progresiva un conjunto de normas para atender dicha problemática. Este marco normativo enfrenta una serie de retos, en primer lugar, responde a una realidad poco conocida, debido a la falta de datos confiables sobre el tráfico; en segundo lugar, se superpone en cada momento con la trata de personas lo que resulta en una invisibilización del tráfico; y en tercer lugar, no llega a entender el tráfico como una problemática de derechos humanos para las personas migrantes.
Stress and strain distribution in the lower jaw with shortened dental arch - a finite element method study
Authors: Milic-Lemic Aleksandra , Tanasic Ivan , Tihacek-Sojic Ljiljana
Published: March 2018

Introduction/Objective. The absence of functional loading due to molar loss might cause changes to the microstructure of the bone. Therefore we investigated and visualized deformation and strain pattern distribution of the mandibule with full arch dentition (FDA) and shortened dental arches (SDA) during occlusion. Methods. A 3D model of an adult cadaveric dentate mandible, without pathological and traumatic damages, was developed based on CT scan images, set to 0.7 mm slice thickness. The scanned slices were imported into software where the bone and teeth were identified and modelled separately based on image density thresholding. Using the software and based on the grey-scale analysis of the slices initial meshes for the cortical, cancellous bone and teeth were generated. Results. Highest stress/strain values were registered in the structures adjacent to molars i.e. molar region of processus alveolaris assigned by blue color in FDA model. Similar to FDA, the SDA models exibited deformation with evident highest strain (9.33%) at the processus coronoideus and mandibular angle. ?he highest overall stress (5 MPa) and strain (6.67%) was found in the mandibular intercanine segment of the SDA model, considering the mandibular body. Conclusion. Finite element method can be employed as a powerfull tool for visualization of the stress and strain of the loaded mandible models with full and shortened dental arches. It was registered that molar support loss caused higher stress and strain in SDAs compared to FDA model.
XBRL Mandate and Timeliness of Financial Reporting: Do XBRL Filings Take Longer?
Authors: Du Hui , Wu Kean
Published: March 2018

This study examines the impact of the Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC) XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) mandate on the timeliness of financial reporting, measured by the reporting lag between fiscal period end and the filing date. Using annual and quarterly filing data from 2007 to 2014, we compare the reporting lags of XBRL reports to the lags of non-XBRL reports in three separate filing categories as defined by the SEC. The results show that by using XBRL the reporting lag is shortened by one to two days when companies file annual reports while the reporting lag is shortened by one day in quarterly filings. However, the results are manifest for both large accelerated filers and accelerated filers. In the multivariate analysis, we do not observe the improved reporting lag when using XBRL among non-accelerated filers. While we provide the evidence that the XBRL mandate improves the timeliness of financial reporting for large filers, we question the public policymaking of the XBRL mandate that has the intention of benefiting small companies and their investors.

JEL Classifications: D83; G14; G18; M48; Z18
Cloud-Based Intelligent Accounting Applications: Accounting Task Automation Using IBM Watson Cognitive Computing
Authors: Marshall Thomas Edward , Lambert Sherwood Lane
Published: March 2018

This paper presents a cognitive computing model, based on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, supporting task automation in the accounting industry. Drivers and consequences of task automation, globally and in accounting, are reviewed. A framework supporting cognitive task automation is discussed. The paper recognizes essential differences between cognitive computing and data analytics. Cognitive computing technologies that support task automation are incorporated into a model delivering federated knowledge. The impact of task automation on accounting job roles and the resulting creation of new accounting job roles supporting innovation are presented. The paper develops a hypothetical use case of building a cloud-based intelligent accounting application design, defined as cognitive services, using machine learning based on AI. The paper concludes by recognizing the significance of future research into task automation in accounting and suggests the federated knowledge model as a framework for future research into the process of digital transformation based on cognitive computing.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Does One Size Fit All? A Challenge to Uniform Worldwide Diagnostic Thresholds
Authors: McIntyre H. David , Jensen Dorte M. , Jensen Richard C. , Kyhl Henriette B. , Jensen Tina K. , Glintborg Dorte , Andersen Marianne
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVE

To define the prevalence and pregnancy outcomes related to elevated fasting venous plasma glucose (FVPG) in a Danish pregnancy cohort.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This was an observational cohort study including 1,516 women without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by Danish criteria. FVPG measured at 28 weeks’ gestation was related to pregnancy outcomes.

RESULTS

With use of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2013 threshold of FVPG ≥5.1 mmol/L, 40.1% of the cohort qualified as having GDM. There was no evidence of excess fetal growth, hypertension in pregnancy, or cesarean delivery in women with FVPG <5.6 mmol/L.

CONCLUSIONS

The WHO 2013 FVPG threshold for GDM is unsuitable for Denmark. It inappropriately labels as having GDM an unmanageably large number of women who are at low absolute risk of pregnancy complications.
300 anos de Aparecida: abordagem histórica. O contexto da aparição e a devoção popular
Authors: Domezi Maria Cecilia
Published: March 2018

Que resposta de fé se evidencia nesse contexto histórico do encontro da imagem de Aparecida? O lugar é a Vila de Guaratinguetá, no Vale do Paraíba, onde tinha nascido um povoado ao redor de uma capelinha dedicada a Santo Antônio. O Conde de Assumar, governador violento, atuava como em favor do centralismo da coroa portuguesa, queria manter o controle sobre a riqueza extraída da terra. Logo a condição em que vivia os pobres era triste e marcada de sofrimento. É neste contexto que a imagem milagrosa de Aparecida é encontrada pelos pescadores, dando início a uma história de fé e de esperança.
نظرية المعرفة ابن قيم الجوزية
Authors: Arif Khairan
Published: March 2018

تدور حول المعرفة الإنسانية مناقشات حادة تحتل مكانا رئيسيا فى الفلسفة، وخاصة الفلسفة الحديثة، فهي نقطة الانطلاق الفكرية الأساسية لإقامة فلسفة متماسكة عن الدين، والكون والحياة والإنسان. وكانت من أهم المناقشات الدائرة فى مجال المعرفة المناقشات التى تتناول مصادر المعرفة ومنابعها الأساسية، ومن أهمها نظرية إسلامية حول المعرفة وإسلامية المعرفة بذاتها.ولقد كان ابن قيم الجوزية له نظرية خاصة مستنبطة من القرآن عن المعرفة والتى يوضحها فى الموضوعات المتعلقة  بمفهوم المعرفة، ومصادر المعرفة، ووسائل المعرفة، وكيف نشأت هذه المعرفة عند الإنسان من خلال هذه الوسائل على ضوء القرآن والسنة النبوية وكيف كانت المعرفة إسلامية من أصيلها، كما سنبينها باتفصيل فيما يلى
المشكلات اللغوية الكتابية لدى متعلمي اللّغة العربيّة في المعاهد العلميّة في باكنبارو ( دراسة تطبيقية )
Authors: Akzam Ismail
Published: March 2018

لقد بحث في هذه الدراسة تحليل الأخطاء الكتابية الإملائية التي يقع فيها طلاب المعاهد العلمية المتوسطة والثانوية في باكن بارو من الصف الأول إلى الصف الخامس، وقد تبيّن أن أسباب هذه الأخطاء لا تعود إلى الأسباب الثلاثة الرئيسة المتمثلة باللغة الأم واللغة العربية وأخطاء الطلاب أنفسهم، ولكنها تجاوزتها إلى مشكلات تتعلق بالمناهج ومحتوياتها، وعدد الساعات الدراسية والأساليب الحديثة والأجهزة والنظريات الحديثة وغياب البيئة اللغوية والهدف الذي يسعى الطالب من خلاله لتعلّم اللغة العربية. وطرحت بعض طرق العلاج والتوجيهات اللازمة لمعالجة هذه الأخطاء، ولا سيما أركان العملية التدريسية: المدرّس والطالب، والمنهج، ولا بدّ من زيادة التعاون ما بين المعلّم والطالب.ومن الاختبارات التي أجريت على الطلاب، وجد الباحث أن نسبة الاستخدامات الصحيحة للقواعد الإملائية 55،3 %، أما الاستخدامات الخاطئة للقواعد الإملائية هي 44،7 %. وهذه النسبة المئوية توحي إلى أن الطلاب يواجهون بالفعل الصعوبات تعلّم الإملائية واستخدامها كما أنها أيضا تشير إلى أن صعوبة فهم القواعد المتعلّقة بالإملائية مشكلة من مشكلات تعلّم اللغة العربية لدى الطلاب الناطقين بغير العربية. إن مستوى الطلاب في استخدام القواعد الإملاية متساوية تقريبا غير أن الأخطاء التي يقع فيها طلاب السنة الخامسة قليلا قياسا بالنسبة لطلاب السنة الأولى. معظم الأخطاء عند استخدام القواعد الإملائية جزئية لا تؤثر في معنى المراد. معظم الأخطاء الواردة عند استخدام القواعد الإملائية عامة، يمكن أن يقع فيها الطلاب في الاستخدامات النحوية الأخرى سواء أكانت في المحادثة عن الكتابة. الأخطاء المتكررة في الموطن نفسها معظم أوراق الطلاب وبعضها متكررة المواطن نفسها ولكن أنواعها مختلفة.
BIOGRAFI SITI MANGGOPOH SEBAGAI SUMBER KEARIFAN LOKAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH (Studi Kasus Pada Siswa MAN Koto Kecil Kabupaten Agam Propinsi Sumatera Barat)
Authors: Sari Desi Hilda
Published: March 2018

The background of this study is there is no local history in history subject which is taugh at the MAN Koto Kecil.The source of data are the head of madrasah, curriculum, history teachers, students, and the people who take the policy related to education in Agam District, West Sumatra Province. The result of the research indicates that the teaching of history subject at MAN Koto Kecil still focuses on the national history.The implemantation of teaching history with local history contents starts when this research conducted and the history teachers committe to teach it for the next history class. Teaching local history by using biography of Siti Manggopoh makes students interest to seek information more deeply about Siti Manggopoh and made her struggle’s values as a role model, so that, it forms the local wisdom in students themselves. The class’ atmosphere more motivates and it can improve student motivation.The obstacles in teaching local history by using Siti Manggopoh’s biography are adequate facility, limitation of local history sources and time, and also the skill of teacher in integrating the local history into national history.
LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES: GENDER AND PROFICIENCY
Authors: Syahputra Idham
Published: March 2018

This study described and examined on the current English language learning strategies used by Indonesian Students English Education Department enrolled at State Islamic University of Sultan SyarifKasim Riau in Indonesia. The subjects of the study were (99) male and female students still studying for their Undergraduate degree in English Education Department. The study investigates the frequency of strategies use among these students according to gender and proficiency variables. Proficiency is reflected by students’ learning level (i.e., sophomore, junior, senior), self-reported proficiency in English (i.e., the students’ university average in English courses) and language self-efficacy (i.e,. how good the students perceived themselves as English learners). The collecting data used Questionnaire adopted from Oxford (1990a), Mohammad Amin Embi (1996) danPolitzer (1993), interview lecturers about the language learning strategies used by students. The results of this study showed that State Islamic University of Sultan SyarifKasim, English Education Department used learning strategies with high to medium frequency, and that the highest rank (79.6%) was for Metacognitive strategies while the lowest (63%) was for compensation strategies and the others used cognitive, memory, affective and social. In general, the results showed that gender and proficiency had no significant differences on the use of strategies. Based on these findings, the researcher recommends that more training should be given in using Cognitive, Memory, Affective, social and Compensation strategies by embedding them into regular classroom activities or teaching and learning process
HAMBATAN DAN PROSPEK USAHA MIKRO KECIL KECAMATAN SINGINGI KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI
Authors: Lahamid Qomariah , Julina Julina
Published: March 2018

This study aims to identify barriers and prospects for Small Micro Enterprises (SMEs) based on sex in the District of Singingi. The data collected by observation, interview and questionnaire. The result showed that the owners of SMEs in Singingi Regency dominated by men but not apart from the contribution of the woman (wife). The major obstacle is the lack of capital to develop the business. Other barriers such as availability of raw materials, equipment, technology, and skills possessed by SMEs. Although there are some obstacles, but they still want to maintain the business as their main motivation is to increase family income. Future prospects of SMEs will be better when it get serious attention from the government, especially when viewed from the economic growth rate reached 6 percent in that year provide the opportunity for absorption of industrial goods produced by SMEs.
Photovoltaic Technology and Innovative Solar Cells
Authors: Voudoukis Nikolaos F.
Published: March 2018

Photovoltaic technology has a range of applications nowadays. Organic solar cell research has developed in recent years.Â  Common materials for organic solar cells are phthalocyanines. In this paper it is presented a discussion of the fundamentals of photovoltaic technology, photovoltaic effect, organic solar cells, phthalocyanines and Gallium Arsenide reconstructed surfaces. Also it is studied the behavior of lead pthalocyanine (PbPc) in substrates of Gallium Arsenide-GaAs (001) with reconstruction surface Arsenide (As) stoichiometric Î²2(2x4). It is an analysis and study of innovative organic solar cells. The reason for this study is that PbPc is an organic molecule with very good optoelectronic properties, promising to be used in organic thin film solar cells or combination of organic and inorganic layers solar cells. In research is the behavior of phthalocyanines according to the surfaces of the substrates. The experimental photovoltaic characterization of a solar cell from lead phthalocyanine is presented.Â  The efficiency of potential solar cells is estimated by measuring the photocurrent spectra. The understanding of the material and the samples combinations is important for potential applications and improvements for the use of solar cells.
Wireless Sensor Network for Monitoring Physical Variables Applied to Green Technology (IoT Green Technology)
Authors: Garcia Gregorio Trinidad , Sanchez Victoria Meis , Lopez Marin Carmen Nora , Cortez Jose Italo , Rios Acevedo Carlos A. , Gonzalez Griselda SaldaÃ±a , Hernandez Ameca Jose L. , Molina Garcia Maria del C.
Published: March 2018

In this article an experimental system of sensor network for monitoring physical variables applied to green technology in conjunction with internet of things (IoT) is presented. This, in a controlled ambient, that can guarantee the development and growth of the plants (exemplary/specimen). This application is focused on agriculture. Using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has a promising future due to current technical advances and its almost unlimited applications. This work propose WSN topologies, the measurement methodology, the sensors distribution and the visualization of the registered data in function of the area monitored, the communication protocol established byÂ  Wi-Fi and the reads of the environmental temperature (ET), environmental humidity (EH) and ground humidity (GH) are registered and displayed in the web, during the registry of this measurements the data is analyzed and processed to perform relevant actions oriented to the control of physical variables at the monitored environmental area. Monitoring of the physical environmental conditions is registered every hour in a period of 24 hours. It is proposed to apply the system to green technologies together with internet of the things.
Optimasi dan Karakterisasi Pengeringan Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu dengan Penambahan Bahan Pengering Synthetic Amorphous Silica
Authors: Oktaviyanti Nina Dewi , Avanti Christina , Yulianto Fajar Tri
Published: March 2018

Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) telah lama digunakan di Indonesia dan seluruh duniasebagai obat tradisional dan suplemen. Proses ekstraksi dari buah mengkudu menghasilkan ekstrakkental yang kurang dapat diterima oleh masyarakat karena bau dan konsistensinya. Oleh karena itu,perlu adanya alternatif proses pengeringan dari ekstrak kental menjadi ekstrak kering yang tetapdapat menjaga kualitas, efektifitas, dan keamanan dari produk akhirnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengkarakterisasi dan menentukan penambahan Synthetic Amorphous Silica (SAS) yang palingefektif sebagai bahan pengering pada proses pengeringan ekstrak buah mengkudu. Parameter yangdianalisis meliputi karakteristik fisik dan kimia. Penambahan SAS terhadap ekstrak dengan perbandingan1:2 menunjukkan hasil yang paling efektif terhadap kandungan lembab yaitu 3,20 % ± 0,07.Hasil tersebut selanjutnya dilakukan konfirmasi dengan parameter uji lainnya yaitu sifat alir, distribusiukuran partikel, bobot jenis, profil KLT dan ternyata seluruh hasil dari parameter tersebut sesuaidengan ketentuan. Ekstrak kering hasil pengeringan dengan SAS perbandingan 1:2 memberikankecepatan alir sebesar 11,11 ± 0,2092 g/detik, jumlah fines sebanyak 10,20%, dan kompresibilitassebesar 12,18% ± 0,02.
Voice of the Voiceless
Authors: Robie David
Published: March 2018

'The Pacific Islands have long been a refuge,’ wrote celebrated Vanuatu-based investigative photojournalist Ben Bohane in the introduction to his extraordinary 2013 collection The Black Islands, ‘for eccentricforeigners and castaways too, who often fell into one (or several) of these categories: mercenary, missionary or misfit.’...