bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POTENCIAL BIOENERGÉTICO DE POPULAÇÕES NATURAIS DE MACAÚBA NA REGIÃO CENTRAL DO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS
Authors: Santos Adriele Cristina , Collicchio Erich , de Siqueira Guilherme Benko
Published: December 2024

Macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata), due to its high levels of oil in the fruits, has great bioenergetic potential and offers a promising alternative to produce biofuel and other bioproducts. The objective of this study was to carry out an environmental and morphological characterization of the native populations of macaúba in the central region of the State of Tocantins, as well as to analyze their bioenergetic potential. To carry out the present study, two experimental sites were selected from the identification of 28 potential areas with natural occurrence of macaúba. Experimental Site A, located in the municipality of Lajeado, is characterized by a region of dense Cerrado-type natural vegetation, with an altitude of 230 m. Experimental Site B is in Aparecida do Rio Negro, in an area of extensive pasture and an altitude of 390 m.  of the soil, morphological and biometric of the macaúba populations, as well as the analyzes to obtain the oil content of the fruits. In each site, 07 palm trees were selected after measuring height, counting the number of bunches and inflorescences and botanical identification of the species. 2 kg of fruits were collected from each of these palm trees, which were measured, pulped and then the oil content of the mesocarp and endosperm was analyzed (Bligh Method; Dyer) expressed % dry basis, and extraction time (30 and 60 min.), for each area. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two areas regarding the average oil content, indicating that the average of Site A (30.85%) was higher than the average of Site B (20.73%). There was no significant difference between the oil content of the mesocarp (26.08%) and the endosperm (25.50%), nor in relation to the extraction time.
UMA ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA DA PESQUISA DE FRAMEWORK DE CIDADES INTELIGENTES
Authors: Poure Carlla Brito Furlan
Published: December 2024

Considerando a importância de um framework para definir e descrever qualquer cidade, este estudo objetiva-se realizar uma análise bibliométrica com o propósito de levantar o estado da arte aplicável envolvendo o conceito de framework de cidades inteligentes e suas inter-relações. Como resultado, um total de 3.848 documentos foram encontrados entre 2015 e 2020, abrangendo 9.625 autores, 1.563 periódicos, 6.972 instituições e 126 países. Através da análise de acoplamento bibliográfico foram identificados oito clusters que são associadas as frentes de pesquisa envolvendo o tema de estudo, contudo os resultados mostram que a produção orientada especificamente sobre a compreensão de cidade (notadamente um modelo ontológico de cidade) e a interligação com os aspectos do desenvolvimento tecnológico ainda carecem de maiores desenvolvimentos.
Tsinghua University Green Initiative Quality Strategy and its Field Applications in Northern Technical University
Authors: Majed Mohammed Salih
Published: December 2024

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    ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????  ,??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????
Evaluation of serum transferrin microheterogeneity for the diagnosis of congenital N-glycosylation defects
Authors: Acosta Sánchez Tatiana , Marín Padrón Lilia Caridad , Huertas Pérez Gretell , Travieso Téllez Anitery , García García Alina , Martínez Rey Laritza
Published: December 2024

Introduction: transferrin is a glycoprotein produced in the liver, whose function is to transport iron to the tissues. It has been used mainly for the differential diagnosis of anemias as a biomarker. There are different isoforms due to the difference in their glycosylation patterns. This microheterogeneity has allowed its use as a biomarker for Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation; genetic diseases as a result of mutations in genes that encode the enzymes of the post-translational mechanism of protein glycosylation.Objective: to evaluate the microheterogeneity of serum transferrin for the diagnosis of Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation in CubaMethods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was developed at the National Center for Medical Genetics in the period from 2016 to 2022. The analytical method used was the transferrin isoelectric focusing with immunofixation described by Van Eijik et al in 1983. Serum samples from 26 patients with multisystem clinical symptoms and suspicion of having a genetic disease without a definitive di-agnosis were processedResults: the IEF with immunofixation used allowed us to determine the glycosylation pattern of serum Tf. An altered Tf glycosylation pattern was found in four samples, two of type I and two of type II.Conclusions: the IEF method to evaluate Tf glycoforms allowed the positive diagnosis in four patients, thus demonstrating the presence of Congenital Disorders of Protein N-glycosylation in Cuba
Evaluation of Machine Learning Models in the Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Bolarinwa Mojisola A. , Adesoye Taiwo F.
Published: December 2024

Chronic Kidney Disease is a progressive condition that affects millions of people worldwide, often leading to kidney failure if not detected early. The early prediction of chronic kidney disease using machine learning models can significantly improve patient outcomes through timely intervention. This study evaluates the performance of various machine learning models, including Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Random Forest in predicting the presence of chronic kidney disease based on patient data. A dataset consisting of clinical features indicators was used for training and evaluation. The models were assessed based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results of this study showed that Random Forest outperformed the other models, although all models employed in the prediction demonstrated great accuracy in predicting the disease. This study demonstrates the potential of machine learning models in healthcare to aid in the early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease, thereby improving patient management and reducing the burden on healthcare systems. Further research should focus on integrating these models into clinical workflows for real-time prediction.
Smart LED Lighting Systems: Integration of Internet of Things Technology and Energy Saving Potential
Authors: Ma Liangliang
Published: December 2024

With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, smart LED lighting systems have become a key area in energy conservation and efficiency improvement. This paper comprehensively discusses the application of IoT technology in smart LED lighting systems, as well as the energy-saving potential of these integrated systems. By analyzing the architectural design of smart lighting systems, key technological implementations, and system integration and testing, this paper assesses the energy-saving effects of smart LED lighting systems in different application scenarios. The research results show that smart LED lighting systems integrated with IoT technology can significantly reduce energy consumption, improve lighting quality, and bring economic benefits to users. The paper also discusses the impact of market and policy factors on the development of smart lighting systems, as well as new opportunities that future technological advancements may bring. Ultimately, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive perspective for designers of smart lighting systems, policymakers, and users to achieve more efficient and environmentally friendly lighting solutions.
Novo ruho za novo doba: Grob iz finalnog bronzanog doba sa Greblja u Mravićima, sjeverna Bosna
Authors: Jašarević Aleksandar , Mujkanović Ago
Published: December 2024

Period finalnog bronzanog doba (Ha B period) može se smatrati izrazito dinamičnim razdobljem, s raznolikim interakcijama i intenzivnim komunikacijama između zajednica prisutnih u regiji. Materijalna zaostavština ovog perioda poprima osobene forme kroz najrazličitije tehnologije i materijale koji su proizvod ljudske inventivnosti, mobilnosti, ekonomskih i društvenih odnosa te, konačno, ekoloških uslova koje nudi krajolik sjeverne Bosne. Po prvi put u grobovima imamo jasno prepoznatu socijalnu stratifikaciju i izdvajanje bogatih, prvenstveno ženskih, grobova u cjelokupnoj pogrebnoj praksi. U posljednjih nekoliko decenija napravljen je znatan iskorak u publikovanju i interpretaciji arheološke baštine iz ovog razdoblja. U prilog tome ide i prezentacija novopublikovanog groba iz Mravića. Okolnosti pronalaska diktiraju i arheološku interpretaciju. Grob je evidentiran na prostoru koji je u lokalnoj toponimiji poznat pod nazivom Greblje nadomak sela Mravići oko 6 km južno od Doboja, nizvodno uz rijeku Bosnu. To je široki plato koji je sa južne strane strmo odsječen od ostatka terena, ostale strane su pristupačne sa blagim padom terena prema sjeveru i istoku. Prilikom izvođenja radova na nivelaciji terena 2022. godine za potrebe poljoprivrednih radova skinut je znatan dio površinskog sloja. Radovi su oštetili veći dio skeleta i grobnu konstrukciju, a sakupljeni materijal predat je nadležnom Muzeju u Tešnju. Zaštitna iskopavanja obavljena su na manjem preostalom dijelu groba. Na svega 10 cm ispod površine otkriveni su ostaci funerarnog odra od lomljenog kamena, širine 60 cm i očuvane dužine do 80 cm. Od skeleta evidentirane su samo porozne duge kosti krajnjih donjih ekstremiteta. Skelet je ležao u opruženom položaju orijentisan istok–zapad sa glavom na zapadu. Ostatak grobne konstrukcije je uništen i nije moguće utvrditi tačan raspored grobnog inventara. Mikropozicija na kojoj je grob otkriven nesumnjivo je povezana sa obližnjom Gradinom u Mravićima i arheološkim slojevima koji su zabilježeni na ovoj lokaciji. Od ovog naseobinskog kompleksa udaljen je 300 m na zapad i dijeli ga samo široka udolina. Gradina u Mravićima locirana je na dominantnom uzvišenju, koje se okomito uzdiže iznad lijeve obale rijeke Bosne. Prostrani plato sa strmim stranama imao je odličnu stratešku poziciju i vizuelnu poveznicu sa ostalim gradinskim naseljima, poput onoga na Crkvini pri ušću Usore u Bosnu. Također, prelaz preko rijeke omogućavao je i prirodni gaz. Dosadašnja arheološka istraživanja pokazala su da je Gradina naseljena u znatnom vremenskom periodu od kasnog neolita do ranovizantijskog perioda, dok je u srednjem vijeku formirana velika nekropola.
The state of research: Traces of Ancient Rome in Nevesinjsko Polje (‘Nevesinje Field’)
Authors: Šačić Beća Amra , Samardžić Gligor
Published: December 2024

Nevesinjsko Polje (‘Nevesinje Field’) is one of the least explored microregions in Bosnia-Herzegovina. This region belonged administratively to the province of Dalmatia during the Roman period. Numerous sites have produced finds from that period (Udrežnje, Biograd, Zovi Do, Lukavac, Kifino Selo – Drenovik, Postoljani, Presjeka, Luka, Zaborani, Bratač, Džinova Mahala, etc.). This paper presents the four phases of research carried out at Nevesinjsko Polje. The archaeological research of this region began at the end of the 19th century. The first phase of exploration conducted in Nevesinjsko Polje focused on the publication of inscriptions from monuments and establishing the route of the Roman road that passed through the region. The second phase of research covered the period 1918–1950. In this phase, Dimitrije Sergejevski conducted preliminary archaeological research in Nevesinjsko Polje. His first significant find dates back to 1926 when he found the remains of a Roman settlement at the site of Drenovik. He revisited the region of Nevesinjsko Polje in 1946 and continued his explorations. The same year, Sergejevski meticulously analyzed the situation in the central and southern parts of the Polje. The following year, 1947, he did the same with the remaining northern part. The next phase of research was carried out by the scholar who made the biggest single contribution, Ivo Bojanovski. He made a significant contribution to the study of local ethnography and the ancient topography of this part of Herzegovina. Ethnographic research is analyzed in the last part of the paper. The fourth phase of research has involved the study of the identity of the indigenous population living in the Nevesinjsko Polje region.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Google Maps sebagai Media Promosi UMKM Omah Bunga Tiwul di Weru, Sukoharjo
Authors: Ambarwati Retnoning , Muftiyanto R. Taufiq Nur , Triatmono Agus
Published: December 2024

UMKM Omah Bunga Tiwul merupakan salah satu usaha mikro yang bergerak di bidang kuliner khas daerah di Weru, Sukoharjo. Meski memiliki potensi produk yang unggul, pemasaran usaha ini masih terbatas karena minimnya pemanfaatan teknologi digital. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan kepada UMKM Omah Bunga Tiwul dalam pembuatan dan pengoptimalan Google Maps sebagai media promosi. Metode yang digunakan meliputi observasi, pelatihan, dan praktik langsung bersama pelaku usaha. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah terciptanya akun Google Maps aktif untuk UMKM Omah Bunga Tiwul yang dilengkapi dengan informasi lengkap seperti lokasi, jam operasional, ulasan pelanggan, dan foto produk. Selain itu, pelaku usaha diberikan panduan strategis untuk meningkatkan visibilitas dan interaksi pelanggan melalui fitur-fitur Google Maps. Pendampingan ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan daya saing UMKM dalam menjangkau pasar yang lebih luas serta mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi lokal.
Pengelolaan Keuangan Keluarga dan Faktor-Faktornya
Authors: Triyanto Eko , Sumadi  , Arisa Musliana Nur
Published: December 2024

Pengelolaan keuangan keluarga merupakan seni mengelola uang dimulai dari mendapatkan dan menggunakan untuk kehidupan saat ini dan kehidupan di masa yang akan datang. Keluarga yang sejahtera adalah keluarga yang mampu mengelola keuangan dengan baik dan matang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi pengelolaan keuangan keluarga. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer, dan kuesioner sebagai pengumpul datanya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh KK yang terdaftar di Surakarta pada Tahun 2024 sejumlah 199.560 KK, sampel penelitian 100 KK dihitung dengan Rumus Slovin. Metode penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif, Uji Kualitas data, Uji Asumsi Klasik, Analisis regresi linear berganda, Uji T, Uji F, dan Uji R2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel gaya hidup, dan tingkat pendapatan tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel pengelolaan keuangan keluarga. Sedangkan variabel literasi keuangan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel pengelolaan keuangan keluarga.
The Effect Of Medical And Non-Medical Service Quality On Patient Satisfaction Based On Patient Cognition At XYZ Hospital Jakarta
Authors: Gading Siska Tamara , Berlianto Margaretha Pink
Published: December 2024

Patient satisfaction not only reflects their personal experiences, but also becomes a very important indicator for health care providers to reach the extent to which patients' needs, expectations, and preferences are met during the treatment process. This study aims to analyze the effect of medical and non-medical service quality on patient satisfaction. The respondents were 185 patients of XYZ Hospital. The data analysis method used descriptive analysis and PLS-SEM. The results showed that patient cognition, trust, personnel quality, social responsibility had a positive effect on patient satisfaction. While other factors such as medical service procedures, administrative practices, hospital image, safety, infrastructure did not affect patient satisfaction. Hospital management is advised to improve the image of the hospital by carrying out various activities such as blood donation, counseling related to various diseases, visiting surrounding areas for disease prevention socialization, advertising digitally to form a positive image in the community. Further research can be done by increasing the population in other XYZ hospitals in the Jakarta area and limiting between BPJS and non-BPJS patients.
ANALISIS KEGAGALAN SUPLAI DIRECT CURRENT BATTERY CHARGING POWER SUPPLY GLIDE PATH MEREK SELEX TYPE 2110
Authors: Rinoto Imanuel Kiyan Pranata , Toni  , Roza Febria
Published: December 2024

The abstract contains a brief Aircraft navigation is a series of activities carried out by the pilot and/or navigator to determine the geographical position of the aircraft. Glide Path is a transmitter that provides distance angle guidance signals or helps the aircraft to land exactly at the landing point. Battery Charging Power Supply is one of the modules in GP equipment which functions as a low voltage DC provider, namely at +5V, +12V, and -12V, and also as a 24 Volt backup battery charger module when receiving AC input. In this research, there were indications of problems with the BCPS Glide Path module. This research aims to analyze the factors that cause equipment problems and enable actions that can be taken to return the backup battery function to normal conditions. The research method applied is a qualitative approach. This method is used to identify factors that trigger problems with Glide Path equipment. The problem that occurred with the Battery Charging Power Supply 1 (one) module which could not work in On Battery mode (supplying a DC source from the backup battery to the equipment) was found to be damage to the IC 74HC02 (U13) and IC 74HC14 (U15) components. The decision taken as an effort to resolve the problem was to take systematic action to replace components on the BCPS that were damaged (short circuit), namely (U13 and U15) with new ones.
PERBANDINGAN HASIL PEMAPARAN CHATGPT-4 DENGAN PERPLEXITY AI DALAM PENGGUNAAN AI SEBAGAI ALAT BANTU UNTUK MELAKUKAN KAJIAN SERVICE BULLETIN EMBRAER LEGACY 600/650
Authors: Yusup Muhamad Yusup Kamal Arkan , Sofyan Edi
Published: December 2024

In the aviation industry, aircraft maintenance is crucial for ensuring safety and optimal performance. As technology evolves, digitalization and artificial intelligence (AI) are becoming vital for enhancing maintenance efficiency and accuracy. This study examines the use of AI, specifically ChatGPT-4 and Perplexity AI, to review Service Bulletins (SB) on the Embraer Legacy 600/650 and compares the results with manual reviews.
The methodology involved three experienced reviewers manually examining two SBs, SB145LEG-33-0025 and SB145LEG-57-0015. These results were then compared with those generated by ChatGPT-4 and Perplexity AI, analyzing accuracy, processing time, and detail.
Both AI platforms produced results similar to manual reviews, with minor differences in detail and interpretation. ChatGPT-4 was generally more accurate and detailed than Perplexity AI. Both AIs demonstrated significant potential in reducing the time and workload of SB assessments.
The study concluded that AI could enhance efficiency in aircraft maintenance, especially in SB assessments, although human validation is still necessary to ensure accuracy and compliance with safety standards. Implementing AI in aviation maintenance can be an innovative step to address the industry's increasing complexity.
ANALISIS KEKUATAN MATERIAL FIBER METAL LAMINATE (FML) BERPENGUAT EPOXY ADHESIVE – AL POWDER – CNT PADA UJI BENDING.
Authors: Chalik Faturrahman , Setiawan Ferry , Wicaksono Dhimas
Published: December 2024

In the current era of globalization and the development of aerospace technology, especially in aircraft, it is necessary to pay attention to the weight of the aircraft itself and its fuel consumption, in this case demanding aerospace manufacturers to be able to make new innovations to be able to improve these shortcomings. pure composites have several weaknesses in their resistance to low shock loads. Due to durability and production costs that are not cheaper than metals, therefore composites need a combination with other materials such as aluminum using the Fiber metal laminate (FML) method to improve existing weaknesses, to get a good combination of reinforcement for the mixture and find out the type of failure of each combination, it is necessary to conduct research. This research uses the type of experimental research by making FML hybrid composite materials with Epoxy adhesive reinforcement, Aluminum powder. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the specimen with the best results is the specimen with nano aluminum powder reinforcement (Specimen 2) with the highest maximum strength of 337.21 N, and also the highest flexural strength of 212.8368 Mpa. In the photomacro results after bending testing which after observing the 4 specimens that have been tested can be concluded to have the same type of failure, namely Mixed-mode failure, only the area is different.
PEMBUATAN DIES UAV J-1B DENGAN MOLD PENGECORAN METODE SAND CASTING
Authors: Wicaksono Dhimas , Setiawan Ferry , Aditya Mahendra Dimas , Satrya Buana Allan , Qayyum A , Endy Aditya Virgiawan , Romadhon Doni
Published: December 2024

Rapid technological advances, especially in the field of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), have presented new challenges in the development of precision components. UAV, which can operate remotely or autonomously, require highly accurate components to ensure optimal performance and reliability. One important aspect in making UAV components is the casting process, where dimensional errors can affect the final performance of the UAV. This research aims to design and produce J-1B UAV Dies components using the sand casting method using used aluminum material. The research methodology carried out included experiments and observations, starting with 3D design using the SolidWorks application and continuing with making aluminum molds. During the casting process, it is known that the component size experiences significant shrinkage due to cooling of the molten metal, with a shrinkage percentage reaching 5.40% in the body section and 2.11% in the tail section. This shrinkage occurs due to changes in temperature which affect the volume of the metal when it hardens, as well as other factors such as removal of mold patterns and finishing processes which affect the final dimensions of the product. Variability in metal melting temperatures and casting techniques also contributes to product dimensional inaccuracies. This research emphasizes the importance of careful planning and strict quality control to minimize size differences and ensure conformity to the initial design. This research is fully funded by the STTKD campus, which is expected to equip the facilities and infrastructure for STTKD cadets in learning materials and support the development of UAV technology in the future.
Production of L-Asparaginase using Soil Isolate of Cladosporium sp. and Evaluation of its Antitumor and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Thiyagarajan Santhanamari
Published: December 2024

The enzyme L-asparaginase is given prime attention in healthcare settings owing to its significant therapeutic applications in oncology. The present study isolated five different species of fungi belonging to the genera Aspergillus (23.8 and 9.5%), Cladosporium (19%), Fusarium (14.3%) and Penicillium (19%) from soil samples. Screening on Czapek Dox’s medium indicated that the isolate Cladosporium sp. ASP4 exhibit higher potential of synthesizing L-asparaginase than other fungi by means of causing a halo zone measuring 22.3 mm dia. Fermentation of standard medium ingredients along with the solid substrate soya bean meal by the potential fungal isolate resulted in the production of 20.53 IU/mL of L-asparaginase. Optimization studies deciphered the carbon source sucrose, supplementary nitrogen ammonium nitrate, pH ≥8.0 and the temperature 50oC as favorable process parameters for the enzyme production. Purified L-asparaginase of the present study demonstrated moderate antineoplastic activity against the A549 lung cancer cells with the IC50 values of ≥50 IU/mL. The enzyme displayed better antioxidant property compared to those of previous studies by way of scavenging the radicals with the SC50 values of ≥250 mg/mL. These findings encourage carrying out further elaborate studies for prospective biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications of the purified enzyme.
Effects of Platelets Rich Plasma and N Acetyl Cysteine on Achilles Tendon Regeneration in Dog
Authors: Nishemi Hajar Siwan Hadad , W.Abdulrazaq Ashraf , Aljabery Hussain Addai
Published: December 2024

Background: The Achilles tendon is one of the most important tendons in the body. When any problem or defect occurs, such as (cut, tear or puncture), it may hinder the motor functions of the foot. The recent study highlights the effective role of N_acetyl cysteine and Platelet_rich plasma in accelerating the healing process of the tendon.
Aim of the Study: The present study aimed to study and compare the effects of Platelets rich plasma and N acetyl cysteine on Achilles tendon regeneration after tendon defect inducing in dog.
Materials and Methods: Fifteen adult dogs were utilized in this study , the dogs were divided into three groups(5 dogs for each one): Group A(PRP group) was treated with PRP topically on the tendon, Group B(N-AC group) in which tendon defect was treatedby topical application of N-acetylcysteine , while in Group C(control group ) the tendon defect was left without treatment.The animal was aneshtetized and the right hind limb was prepared for aspetic surgery , Achilles tendon defect was created by using needle 18 guage (core lesion) and the site of operation was closed routinally Achilles tendon healing and histopathological monitoring were evaluated at 42 days post-injury.
Results:Throughout the study, the participants' general health was assessed daily. Results showed that tendon healing was more successful in the PRP- and NAC-treated tendon than in the untreated tendon, with significant improvement in the treated groups after 42 days.
Discussion: Our study has shown that utilizing PRP and NAC for treating tendons is successful in preserving certain structural characteristics during the initial stage of tendon remodeling due to the growth factors in PRP and the NAC's capability in assisting TSPCs to survive and differentiate helps with tendon recovery after damage.
IMPACT OF TRUST, SATISFACTION AND SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY: A STUDY OF PAKISTAN’S HOTEL SECTOR
Authors: Fatima Muskan , Hassan Farhana , Huraira Abu
Published: December 2024

In today's highly competitive business landscape, securing and maintaining customer loyalty has emerged as a critical imperative. The success, growth, and long-term viability of any enterprise hinge on its ability to consistently meet customer expectations. Elevating the quality of both products and services serves as a potent catalyst for customer loyalty. Trust, satisfaction, and service quality are universally recognized as pivotal factors that foster recurrent purchases and recurring engagements with a particular sector. Consequently, how a company cultivates trust, delivers service excellence, and ensures customer satisfaction has assumed paramount significance. Within the expansive realm of hotel services, there has been a notable shift towards ensuring staff members are well-equipped to provide exceptional experiences to guests. The objective is to cultivate customer loyalty and foster positive word-of-mouth in the marketplace through these loyal patrons. In this context, this study aims to assess the impact of three pivotal factors—Trust, Satisfaction, and Service Quality—on Customer Loyalty within Pakistan's Hotel Sector. The study further narrows its focus to four distinguished hotels—Pearl Continental, Awari, Movenpick, and Ramada—located in major metropolitan cities of Pakistan. To conduct this research, a theoretical framework was established to scrutinize the relationships between the factors above and customer loyalty. Data was collected through online questionnaires developed on Google Docs, given the constraints imposed by the ongoing pandemic. A 7-point Likert scale was employed for both independent and dependent variables, drawing from established research methodologies. The data underwent rigorous analysis using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), encompassing reliability, validity, correlation, and regression tests. The findings underscore the significant influence of Satisfaction and Service Quality on Customer Loyalty within Pakistan's hotel industry. These results hold relevance on both theoretical and practical fronts. They contribute to a deeper comprehension of Trust, Satisfaction, and Service Quality for hotel managers and add to the existing body of literature. Additionally, marketers can leverage these insights to devise strategies that emphasize Trust, Service Quality, and Satisfaction, thereby fortifying customer loyalty, engagement, and competitive positioning within the market.
RISK MANAGEMENT IN SUPPLY CHAIN: CASE OF AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Authors: Sohaib Sara
Published: December 2024

Supply chains across the world are getting more complex with every passing day. Due to globalization, companies are operating internationally, and so their operations have incorporated a plethora of areas. With great expansion comes great risks as well; therefore, today's supply chain faces great risks when operating on a global scale, and these risks hinder their performance. In this study, we explore the relationship of supply chain risk management, reaction time, and resilience with the performance of the organization and investigate in detail how a better strategy of supply chain risk management can lead to better performances and firms becoming resilient to disruptions and risks. This study is based on Pakistan's automobile sector, and the data was recorded from all the leading automobile industries in Pakistan. The research follows a quantitative model. One hundred questionnaires were filled out by people employed in automotive firms, and the data was analyzed using SPSS. Correlation analyses were performed to see how performance and supply chain risk management, along with other variables – resilience and reactive supply chain- were related to each other. Furthermore, a regression test was applied to understand the impact of structured supply chain risk management on a firm’s performance, and the results reveal that supply chain risk management does have a significant influence on the performance of a firm. Future work can be done in this same area by exploring more industries and firms, taking a bigger sample size, and exploring more categories of risks that influence the firms’ operations in their ways.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS IN THE PANIC BULK BUYING OF GROCERY ITEMS AND SANITARY PRODUCTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Da Usama Shakeel , Ali Laiba
Published: December 2024

The Coronavirus, or COVID-19, is a global pandemic that has taken millions of lives all around the world and put all the world's economies on the brink of collapse. A major factor in causing this panic situation was Social Media Platforms because people around the world started sharing news related to COVID-19 on Social Media Platforms without fact-checking it, and by doing so, created fear and panic among people around the world, it caused many people to go in a frenzy situation, people started taking impulsive decisions, and that is the reason people all rushed towards the nearest grocery stores, supermarkets, pharmacies, and medical equipment stores to stock up on essential and non-essential grocery items and sanitary products. The sample size was 436 individuals, and the data was gathered through Google Forms. Data collection was done in the cities of Karachi, Islamabad, and Lahore. Questionnaires were designed with the help of a five-point Likert scale and dichotomous questions from previous research. The reliability of this model showed the strong consistency of the responses. SPPS software was used for testing the data by applying regression and correlation tests, and the results signified that there is a significant impact of social media platforms on panic bulk buying of grocery items, panic bulk buying of sanitary products, and herd mentality in the presence of the COVID-19 pandemic.
CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENTS IMPACT BRAND IMAGE: THE CASE STUDY OF THE FAST-MOVING CONSUMER GOODS (FMCG) INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Sulehria Roshaan Anwaar , Ahmed Ashfaq , Abedin Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The study investigates the endorsements of celebrities in advertising and brands' impacts on the brand image in Pakistan's FMCG sector. Celebrity endorsements are the source or medium through which credible personalities endorse the brands for customer attraction, and they have a significant impact on brand image. Celebrity endorsements are a tool for marketers and advertisers to promote their brands and consider the brand image. The primary research was conducted in the FMCG Sector to examine the factors of endorsements of celebrity impacts on Brand image. The Quantitative research was conducted through survey forms filled out by the 385 respondents who are using the FMCGS brand and also watching the Advertising and various endorsements of celebrities. The consumers of FMCG organizations, including Nestle and Unilever, are being targeted in data collection. The collected response was analyzed based on SPSS Software, and reliability testing was performed after confirming the reliability of the scale and tool correlation. An analysis of regression was conducted to estimate the results. The correlation analysis describes there is a significant relationship between Celebrity Attractiveness, Celebrity matching, Celebrity Expertise and Celebrity Trustworthiness with Brand image in FMCG organizations. The regression analysis performed to check the hypothesis and research results reveals that there is a significant relationship and impact of Celebrity Attractiveness, Celebrity matching, Celebrity Expertise and Celebrity Trustworthiness on brand Image in the FMCG industry in Pakistan. The investigation is beneficial for salespersons and publicists to promote brands and endorse brands with celebrities to enhance brand image and create customer attraction.
ELEVATING CONSUMER'S AFFECTION HEADED FOR BRAND
Authors: Siraj Arwa , Zaman Syed Imran
Published: December 2024

This study examines how consumers develop an attachment to a brand based on its perceived genuineness and how this attachment influences their purchase intentions and compulsive buying behavior. The study was conducted using a purposive sampling approach and self-headed survey applications filled by 115 individuals in Karachi, Pakistan. The study found that materialism is positively associated with impulsive purchasing and brand attachment and strongly influences obsessive-compulsive buying. Brand attachment has a significant relationship with compulsive buying, consumer outcomes, and social networking sites and affects consumer behavior. Customer engagement also has a significant relationship with obsessive-compulsive buying, brand loyalty, and customer trust and shows the multiple outcomes of brand attachment. The study also found that there is a strong link between utilitarian value and compulsive purchase. The research model used brand attachment and customer trust as mediating variables. However, the study has limitations, such as a limited sample size due to the COVID-19 situation and the use of convenience sampling. Future studies should consider using larger sample sizes, additional variables, and moderators in the research model to achieve more accurate results. Overall, this research emphasizes the critical role of brand attachment and customer trust as mediators in impulsive and obsessive-compulsive purchase behaviors and provides a holistic understanding of the interconnections between consumer behavior, brand attachment, customer trust, and other variables.
THE IMPACT OF SUPPORTIVE LEADERSHIP AND PERCEIVED SUPERVISOR VOICE BEHAVIOR ON EMPLOYEE VOICE BEHAVIOR
Authors: Nizam Kehkashan
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of supportive leadership and supervisor voice behavior on employee voice behavior in the ceramic industry in Pakistan. The study also aims to investigate the role of trust in the supervisor as a mediator between the independent and dependent variables. The data was collected through a survey questionnaire from 180 employees working in ceramic companies in Karachi, Pakistan. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS and PLS-SEM to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study indicate that both supportive leadership and supervisor voice behavior have a positive effect on employee voice behavior. This implies that when employees perceive their supervisors to be supportive, and they provide opportunities for employee participation and involvement, they are more likely to voice their opinions and ideas freely. Additionally, supportive leadership has a direct and positive impact on employee voice behavior. This implies that when employees receive supportive leadership, they are more likely to voice their opinions and ideas. The study also found that trust in supervision mediates the relationship between supervisor voice behavior, supportive leadership, and employee voice behavior. This suggests that when employees trust their supervisors, they are more likely to perceive their supervisors as providing a supportive leadership style and engaging in voice behavior, which ultimately leads to increased employee voice behavior. The research provides valuable insights for managers and supervisors in Pakistan's ceramic industry. It highlights the importance of supportive leadership and supervisor voice behavior in promoting employee voice behavior. Managers and supervisors can use this information to create a positive work environment that encourages employee participation and involvement. They can also work towards building trust with their employees to increase their perceptions of supportive leadership and supervisor voice behavior.
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND E-COMMERCE
Authors: Fatima Rabab Bano , Ali Samra Ameer
Published: December 2024

The study examines the factors that contribute to the success of small and medium-sized exporting firms (SMEs) in international markets and finds that market intelligence, technology, price, and promotional strategies are key determinants of SMEs' viability. The study also identifies competitive advantage as a mediator between pricing capabilities and SME performance. The findings offer insights that can be useful for micro- and small-sized businesses looking to expand into international markets. Moreover, the study evaluates the impact of a fictitious guarantee on consumer confidence in businesses using a poll of social media users in Belgrade, Serbia. The study finds that a consumer's interest in seeking out data is related to their trust and intention to purchase. It suggests that firms can build more effective marketing strategies by promoting the validity of their product attributes. The study also focuses on how industrial (B2B) firms use social media to automate their operations. It also evaluates the effectiveness of social media tactics such as digital impact, social networking sites, and Facebook and Twitter use. The study presents an integrated view of social media in a B2B context, and the findings can be used for social media instruction by both academics and practitioners.
OUTTURN OF MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Fatima Qandeel
Published: December 2024

This research aims to examine the impact of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and employee commitment on employee performance. While many employees are motivated by monetary benefits from their organization, such as salaries and bonuses, others seek recognition and non-monetary rewards. The study investigates how these factors, including extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation, and employee commitment, influence employee motivation. The paper explores various motivational theories to understand why and how employees strive within organizations. Both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are believed to affect employee performance. The research focuses on the banking sector of Karachi and includes respondents of both genders. Results indicate a positive correlation between employee performance and intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and employee commitment. Throughout the study, it becomes evident that increasing levels of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and employee commitment lead to enhanced employee performance. This research highlights the importance of considering both intrinsic and extrinsic factors in motivating employees. By understanding the influence of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and employee commitment, organizations can better support their employees and enhance overall performance.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Khan Muhammad Mubashir Qadir , Mubashir Shariq
Published: December 2024

This research investigates the performance evaluation of company directors in family businesses, focusing on behavioral impediments to embracing corporate governance standards. The study aims to understand the psychological dynamics influencing board performance, examining the correlations between directorial duties, board structure, job satisfaction, responses to minority shareholder rights, and risk-taking behavior. The rationale stems from the recognized gaps in existing literature, necessitating a nuanced exploration of the psychological dimensions within family business boards. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing Pearson correlation coefficients to analyze relationships among key variables. Results indicate a significant positive correlation between the absence of clearly defined directorial duties and an unstructured board, contributing to diminished job satisfaction (r = 0.304*, p < 0.05). An unstructured board with lower job satisfaction correlates positively with a corporate personality responsive to minority shareholder rights (r = 0.574**, p < 0.01). Furthermore, an unstructured board with reduced job satisfaction is associated with a corporate personality more inclined to handle risks freely due to ego and overconfidence (r = 0.596**, p < 0.01). The study highlights the need for well-defined directorial roles to mitigate behavioral hindrances, fostering structured boards for enhanced governance and risk management in family businesses.
EXPLORING MASSTIGE MARKETING: A PRACTICAL INVESTIGATION INTO CONSUMER PERCEPTIONS AND PRODUCT ATTRIBUTES
Authors: Zaheer Syed Ahsan , Anis Uzma , Jamil Sobia
Published: December 2024

This study tends to add value to the existing literature by empirically discussing whether the consumer perception of prestige value, i.e., associating prestigious value with a product, tends to overshadow the attributes and quality or positively influence them. Similarly, purchase intention is an essential determinant for buying a masstige product, how it is shaped by functionality, product price, and exclusivity. With the help of 31 31-item Likert scale questionnaires that were purposively distributed using online mediums, 177 usable responses were collected. The Smart-PLS structural equational model was then implemented to find the relationships between the variables. This research study rejects the stance that perceived product quality has a positive relationship with consumer purchase intention. This research has dismissed another hypothesis, i.e., product exclusivity has a positive relationship with consumer purchase intentions. This research study affirms that perceived prestige value positively influences product functionality. Similarly, perceived value and product exclusivity have a positive relationship. Specifically for perceived product quality, this research affirms that it has a strong relationship with exclusivity, functionality, and price rather than with the consumer purchase intentions for products in the masstige category.
ROLE OF LEADERSHIP IN SOES BRANDING: BOILING THE OCEAN WHILE STICKING TO THEIR OWN GUNS
Authors: Rehman Asma , Saeed Aamir , Bashir Adnan
Published: December 2024

This research paper delves into the pivotal role of leadership in shaping the dynamics of branding within State-owned commercial enterprises of Pakistan (SOEs). The study focuses on the interplay of leadership with key branding elements, including brand identity, culture, and equity. Interviews were conducted as the primary methodology, and the sample comprised brand managers of state-owned commercial enterprises involved in delivering services to the public. The findings shed light on the significant influence of leadership in translating vision and commitment into employee motivation, thereby fostering brand behavior. This process, in turn, contributes to developing a distinctive brand culture and identity. The research highlights how this positive brand identity, rooted in leadership-driven strategies, enhances brand equity. These insights offer valuable guidance for public organizations seeking to fortify their brand presence in an increasingly competitive service sector.