bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HISTORICAL REPRESENTATIONS AS A WAY TO OVERCOME THE DISCRETENESS OF HISTORICAL CONSCIOUSNESS
Authors: Merzlyakova Irina L. , Koshman Mariya V. , Kairova Irina A.
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the actual problem of overcoming the discreteness of historical consciousness, which arose as a result of the acquisition of traumatic experience of experiencing negative historical phenomena. The author notes that the historical conditions in which the acquisition and experience of traumatic experience occurs, as a result of which the discreteness of historical consciousness is formed and manifested, are carried out during periods of serious socio-cultural transformations and shocks at the individual and collective level. The author notes that such shocks are events associated with various social disasters, military conflicts, natural and man-made disasters, etc.). The collective trauma acquired in these conditions affects the process of formation of discrete historical consciousness, qualitative and quantitative transformation of the social structure, influencing the sphere of ideology. As a result of the research, the author came to the conclusion that the specificity of historical representations is associated with the level of development of historical consciousness of society; with the historical and socio-cultural context in which they are formed; with the level of development of historical science and scientific communications aimed at the formation of historical consciousness. At the conceptual and everyday level, different ways of historical representations are used, with the help of which it is possible to understand what kind of experience a society or an individual is experiencing. The author states that historical representations differ in their insufficiency and riskiness.
Estímulo a la Investigación I Catálogo de Investigación 1° Edición 2007-2015 Proyecto de Investigación 16.3
Authors: Matarrese Marina
Published: February 2022

La línea política de Investigación, Desarrollo y Creación en Diseño y Comunicación de la Facultad lanzó el primer cuaderno, abordando las investigaciones propuestas entre los años 2012 a 2015. La publicación se divide en 07 grandes ejes temáticos, cada uno compuesto por artículos de carácter investigadores de diferentes nacionalidades.
La arquitectura del Gran Cacao: Casas de hacienda en el área de Vinces en el segundo auge cacaotero. 1880-1920
Authors: Peralta González Claudia María
Published: February 2022

A finales del siglo XVIII, como resultado de una serie de cambios realizados por la Corona española, de índole administrativo y productivo en las colonias hispanoamericanas, el crecimiento demográfico de la actual costa ecuatoriana, que hasta ese momento estuvo casi deshabitada, dio un giro de ciento ochenta grados, ya que empezó a poblarse con migración proveniente de la sierra ecuatoriana que se hallaba sumida en una profunda depresión económica.
Marca País Ecuador “ama la vida” y Rafael Correa. Relaciones en el discurso visual de la comunicación de Gobierno: 2012-2017
Authors: González Maldonado Caridad
Published: February 2022

La investigación parte del fenómeno de la Marca País Ecuador vinculado a sucesivos mandatarios al poder. Se indaga particularmente en el caso Ecuador “ama la vida” concebida durante el Gobierno de Rafael Correa, a partir del interés por conocer las motivaciones que le llevan al exmandatario a utilizar el signo nacional de la mano de su comunicación gubernamental, y potenciando una dimensión política de la marca en cuestión cuya perspectiva económica, con foco en el turismo, había sido predominante en los Gobiernos nacionales anteriores.
Cómo mitigar efectos adversos de la Industria Textil y de la Moda
Authors: Castro Falero Jorge Manuel
Published: February 2022

Posterior a la presentación de los dos artículos anteriores en los Cuadernos 100 y 127, en donde se desarrollaron los diferentes ODS de la Agenda 2030 y su deseable y necesaria aplicación a la industria textil y de la moda, el actual escrito nos obliga a continuar profundizando con el concepto que define a dicha industria como un sistema, y analizar los input y los output que deberían incorporarse como básicos en cada etapa del mismo, para generar un mejoramiento significativo de los efectos adversos que ostenta la industria de la moda actual.
A influência do gênero na relação entre enriquecimento trabalho-família e comportamento de cidadania organizacional de militares brasileiros
Authors: Rocha Raquel Paiva Neves do Nascimento , Lopes Luis Felipe Dias , Silva Deoclécio Junior Cardoso da , Moreira Martiele , Santos Joana Vieira dos
Published: February 2022

The study aims to analyze the influence of gender on the relationship between Work-Family Enrichment (ETF and EFT), Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCC) and the possible moderating effects that EFT may have on the ETF's relations with the dimensions of the CCO scale among Brazilian Air Force military personnel. Through a quantitative study, the analyzes were performed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and multigroup analysis (MGA) method. The results demonstrate that the relationship between the dimensions of the ETF and the dimensions of the CCO are equal between genders. However, the research makes it possible to know the characteristics that contribute to the Work-Family Enrichment process and to the manifestation of Organizational Citizenship Behavior.
Conservation Agriculture in the agri-environmental European context
Authors:   Universidad de Córdoba, Spain, European Conservation Agriculture Federation (ECAF), Belgium and Asociación Española Agricultura de Conservación Suelos Vivos (AEACSV), Spain, Gonzalez-Sanchez Emilio J. , Basch Gottlieb ,   Universidade de Évora, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias Mediterrânicas (ICAM), Portugal and European Conservation Agriculture Federation (ECAF), Belgium, Roman-Vazquez Julio ,   European Conservation Agriculture Federation (ECAF), Belgium, Moreno-Blanco Elizabeth ,   European Conservation Agriculture Federation (ECAF), Belgium, Repullo-Ruiberriz de Torres Miguel Angel ,   European Conservation Agriculture Federation (ECAF), Belgium and Centro Ifapa ‘Alameda del Obispo’, Spain, Friedrich Theodor ,   Retired Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Expert on Conservation Agriculture, Germany, Kassam Amir ,   University of Reading, UK
Published: February 2022

Conservation Agriculture is a real sustainable agricultural system, capable of providing solutions for most, if not all, of the agri-environmental challenges in Europe. Indeed, most of the challenges addressed in the Common Agriculture Policy could be faced through Conservation Agriculture. Not only the agri-environmental ones, but also those concerning farmer and rural communities' prosperity. The optimisation of inputs and similar yields than conventional tillage, make Conservation Agriculture a profitable system compared to the tillage-based agriculture. Whereas this sustainable agricultural system was conceived for protecting agricultural soils from its degradation, the numerous collateral benefits that emanate from soil conservation, i.e., climate change mitigation and adaptation, have raised Conservation Agriculture as one of the most studied global agrosciences, being adopted by an increasing number of farmers worldwide, including Europe.
Conservation Agriculture in West and Central Africa
Authors:   Agriculture and Environmental Research Institute, Burkina Faso, Thiombiano Lamourdia , Coulibaly Kalifa ,   Nazi BONI University, Burkina Faso, Mkomwa Saidi ,   African Conservation Tillage Network (ACT), Kenya, Boa Kofi ,   CA Center, Ghana, Zougmoré Robert B. ,   CCAFS/ ICRISAT/WCA, Mali, Balarabe Oumarou ,   CIRAD, France, Salifou Traoré ,   Joseph Ki Zerbo University, Burkina Faso, Halimatu Sylla ,   Ministry of Agriculture, Burkina Faso
Published: February 2022

Individual Conservation Agriculture (CA) practices are not new to the West and Central Africa (WCA) region, though the combination of the three main components of CA is innovative. This chapter describe the main challenges in the adoption of CA while highlighting the diversity of practices related to soil, environmental and farm management practiced in the region. Practices consistent with CA include soil and water conservation measures, agroforestry and integration of crops and livestock, which can be used as catalysts for developing and upscaling CA. The chapter highlights challenges ranging from policy commitment to training and farmer attitudes. There also needs to be more accurate information on the extent and development of CA in the region. CA has great potential for increasing food security, addressing climate change and protecting natural resources.
Conservation Agriculture in West Asia
Authors:   American University of Beirut, Lebanon, Bashour Isam , Bachour Roula ,   American University of Beirut, Lebanon, Haddad Nicolas ,   American University of Beirut, Lebanon, Dbaibo Razan ,   American University of Beirut, Lebanon, Jouni Kassem ,   World Food Programme, Lebanon, Adada Faten ,   FAO Regional Office for the Near East and North Africa, Egypt, Shakhatreh Yahya ,   National Agricultural Research Center, Jordan, Bani-Kalaf Yahya ,   National Agricultural Research Center, Jordan, Bawaliz Abedaraheem ,   National Agricultural Research Center, Jordan, Musallam Iyad ,   National Agricultural Research Center, Jordan, Ismael Faddel ,   National Agricultural Research Center, Jordan, Huwaian Mahmud ,   National Agricultural Research Center, Jordan, Bani Hani Nabeel ,   National Agricultural Research Center, Jordan, Devkota Mina ,   International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Morocco, Haddad Atef ,   Aga Khan Foundation, Syria, Musa Yaser ,   Aga Khan Foundation, Syria, Al Hayek Rabea ,   Agricultural Research Station, Syria, Asmair Alrijabo Abdulsattar ,   University of Mosul and Local Leader of the Conservation Agriculture Programme in Nineveh Province and North of Iraq, Iraq, Gultekin Irfan ,   Bahri Dagdas International Agricultural Research Institute, Turkey, Esmaeil Asadi Mohammad ,   Crop, Soil and Conservation Agriculture Systems, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Iran, Kassam Amir ,   University of Reading, UK
Published: February 2022

The soils of the agricultural areas in West Asia are suffering from degradation, erosion and reduction in fertility that is reflected on the quantity and quality of production. The results of field research in Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Jordan, Turkey and Iran for the past 10 years or more, comparing Conservation Agriculture (CA) methods to conventional tillage methods, show that CA, the newly introduced method of soil management, is environmentally and economically more beneficial than the conventional method of tilling and farming. In this chapter, the results of field research and extension programmes in countries of the West Asia region are presented. The CA research has been conducted on rainfed and irrigated agriculture, on various soil types, and farmed by people of varying educational backgrounds. Farmers in the West Asia region are being encouraged to shift from the current degrading conventional methods of farming to CA systems. The results have generally verified that the no-till method of farming is more beneficial to the farmers and to the environment, if there is effective weed management. The results also verified that CA is a good approach to rebuild soil and agricultural productivity.
Adoption of Conservation Agriculture in Central Asia
Authors:   Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan, Nurbekov Aziz , Mirzabaev Alisher ,   ZEF-University of Bonn, Germany, Karabayev Muratbek ,   CIMMYT, Kazakhstan, Asozoda Nurali ,   President Tajik Academy of Agricultural Science, Tajikistan, Khalilov Nasriddin ,   Samarkand Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Uzbekistan, Sydyk Dossymbek ,   South-Western Research Institute of Livestock and Crop Production, Kazakhstan
Published: February 2022

Up to date, scientific and practical experience of adopting CA systems and practices in Central Asia has been limited compared to other regions of the world. There is limited reliable data on CA adoption and spread and the uptake process except for Kazakhstan. The purpose of this chapter is to contribute to filling these knowledge gaps by discussing present trends and future prospects for CA in the region.
A Comprehensive Study Of Artificial Intelligence Applications For Soil Temperature Prediction
Authors: Imanian Hanifeh , Hiedra Cobo Juan , Payeur Pierre , Shirkhani Hamidreza , Mohammadian Abdolmajid
Published: February 2022

Soil temperature is a fundamental parameter in water resources and engineering. A cost-effective model which can forecast soil temperature accurately is extensively needed. Recently, many studies have applied artificial intelligence (AI) at both surface and underground levels for soil temperature prediction. However, there is no comprehensive and detailed assessment of the performance of different AI approaches in soil temperature estimation, and primarily limited atmospheric variables are used as input data for AI models. In the present study, great varieties of various land and atmospheric variables are applied to evaluate the performance of a wide range of AI methods on soil temperature prediction. Herein, thirteen approaches, from classic regressions to well-established methods of random forest and gradient boosting to advanced AI techniques like multi-layer perceptron and deep learning are taken into account. The results show that AI is a promising approach in climate parameter forecast and deep learning demonstrates the best performance among other models. It has the highest R-squared ranging from 0.957 to 0.980, the lowest NRMSE ranging from 2.237% to 3.287% and the lowest MAE, ranging from 0.510 to 0.743 in predicting soil temperature. The prediction is repeated for different sizes of data, and prediction outcomes confirm the conclusion mentioned above.
Gamma Irradiation for Preservation of Suruhan Herbs (Peperomia pellucida L. Kunth.) and its Bioactivity Against L1210 Leukemia Cells
Authors: Winarno Ermin Katrin , Susanto Susanto , Winarno Hendig
Published: February 2022

Peperomia pellucida includes the Piperaceae family that has anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-microbial activities. Microbes easily contaminate dry herbs during storage, so special handling is needed. One of the preservation techniques is using irradiation technology. This technique can be used to extend the shelf life of herbal medicinal ingredients. This research aimed to study the effects of irradiation on the anti-cancer activity of P. pellucida leaves. P. pellucida leaves' dried powder was irradiated at doses of 5, 7.5, 10, and 15 kGy. The anti-cancer activity test was carried out against L1210 leukaemia cells. The un-irradiated irradiated samples were macerated successively with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol, then be concentrated. The ethyl acetate extract was fractionated using silica gel column chromatography, obtained seven fractions. Their IC50 values < 20 mg/mL, with fraction F4 was the most active fraction (IC50 1.9 mg/mL). The result showed that gamma radiation at doses of 5 - 15 kGy reduced their cytotoxic activity significantly. However, the fractions were still in the active category as anti-cancer (IC50 values were < 20 mg/mL).
Digital Literacy Analysis of Chemistry Education Students in Using the ChemDraw Application
Authors: Nada Ella Izzatin , Sari Wiwik Kartika
Published: February 2022

Students digital competence abilities can be measured using the individual competence framework. There are five indicators used: information, communication, content creation, safety, and problem-solving. This study analyses students digital literacy profile with high, medium, and low ChemDraw skills. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The trial was conducted on 25 Chemistry Education Students at UIN Walisongo Semarang with high, medium and low ChemDraw skills. Data were obtained using ChemDraw test instruments, observation and questionnaires. The data obtained were analysed based on digital literacy indicators to obtain student digital literacy profiles. The results showed that the digital literacy level of students with high ChemDraw skills had a moderate level of digital competence. Students with medium ChemDraw skills have a moderate level of digital competence. Meanwhile, students with low ChemDraw skills have a low level of digital competence
Cytotoxic Activity Against L1210 Leukemia Cells from the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Kenikir Leaves (Cosmos. Caudatus) Preserved by Gamma Irradiation
Authors: Susanto Susanto , Winarno Ermin Katrin , Winarno Hendig
Published: February 2022

Kenikir leaves (Cosmos caudatus) Has been used as traditional medicine, especially as an anti-cancer, this plant has been in Indonesia both in herbs and capsules. Microbial contamination of herbal medicinal raw materials occurs when the storage process is done. One of the preservation techniques used in the industry is using gamma irradiation techniques to reduce microbial and fungal contamination. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of gamma irradiation for the preservation of kenikir leaves (C. caudatus) as an anti-cancer based on cytotoxic activity using L1210 leukaemia cells. The simplicia was gamma-irradiated by Co-60 source with variation doses of 0 (control); 5; 7.5; 10; and 15 kGy. Then the irradiated and control samples were macerated successively using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The active extract (ethyl acetate) was further fractionated using column chromatography, obtained seven fractions (F1 - F7). The seven fractions' cytotoxic activity against L1210 leukaemia cells showed that fraction 3 (F3) was the most active fraction with an IC50 of 1.26 µg/mL. Each dose's F3 cytotoxic activity showed that the IC50 7.5 kGy irradiation sample did not change significantly with control (0 kGy) based on ANOVA analysis using SPSS 24 with a 95% confidence level. In comparison, irradiation samples of 10 and 15 kGy showed a change in the IC50 value is significant with the control (0 kGy). These results indicate that gamma irradiation can be used as an alternative for preserving C. caudatus with a maximum dose of 7.5 kGy, so that its anti-cancer properties do not change with those without irradiation.
Actividades de enzimas exógenas en el intestino anterior y medio del caracol africano (Archarchatina marginata)
Authors: Okeniyi F.A. , Osinowo O.A.
Published: February 2022

Se estudió el efecto de la administración de un suplemento con Selenio y/o Zinc, sobre la fertilidad, prolificidad y producción de carne en ovejas Merinas Australianas pastoreando campo natural de basalto, en la Región Norte del Uruguay. Se diseñaron cuatro lotes: 1.Selenio (Se) inyectable, 2.- Zinc (Zn) bolo intraruminal de óxido de zinc, 3.- Selenio- Zinc (Se-Zn), y grupo Control (C). Veintiún días pre-cubrición se suplementó y, 21 días preparto se formaron subgrupos, alimentando a un subgrupo con 5mg de selenito de sodio por animal. Los grupos suplementados pre-cubrición mostraron diferencia significativa en la fertilidad sobre el grupo C. Los lotes 1.- y 3.- presentaron el mayor porcentaje de partos respecto a los lotes 2.- y C (p
Características seminales y niveles de testosterona en carneros Pelibuey tratados con oxitocina exógena
Authors: Luna-Palomera C. , Macías-Cruz U. , Sánchez-Dávila F. , Peralta-Torres J.A. , Ojeda-Robertos N.F.
Published: February 2022

El objetivo fue determinar el efecto de la administración exógena de oxitocina (OT) previo a la obtención del semen sobre las características seminales y concentraciones séricas de testosterona en carneros Pelibuey. Se utilizaron seis carneros adultos de fertilidad probada, los cuales se trataron con 0, 10 y 20 UI de OT. Las tres dosis de OT se evaluaron en todos los carneros extrayendo dos eyaculados, a los 10 y 30 min post-administración del tratamiento. El volumen del eyaculado fue mayor (p0.05) la motilidad en masa e individual, porcentaje de espermatozoides vivos, anormalidades primarias y concentración de espermatozoides. La concentración sérica de testosterona no varió (p>0.05) por efecto de los tratamientos. En conclusión, la administración de OT exógena a carneros Pelibuey momentos antes de la extracción de semen con vagina artificial, solo incrementa el volumen seminal, específicamente con 10 UI.
Tectonic and paleoclimatic controls on the composition of inland wetland deposits, Chaco foreland basin, Central Andes
Authors: Tineo David Eric , Comerio Marcos Alejandro , Vigiani Luis Hernán , Kürten Moreno Germán Sebastián , Poiré Daniel Gustavo
Published: February 2022

In recent decades, the growing interest in wetlands highlights the fundamental role of these complex ecosystems. Integrated sedimentological and geochemical studies that refer to wetlands appear more frequently in the literature, since such approaches provide a window into understanding the functions they have played through geologic time. The Miocene Yecua Formation (Chaco foreland basin, Central Andes, Bolivia) presents sedimentological features that show how siliciclastic, chemical, and biological processes lead to lithofacies and compositional features that are distinctive of wetlands related to back-bulge settings. The succession is composed of shallowing-upward parasequences with various compositional characteristics controlled by tectonic and climatic factors.

Data integration obtained from paleocurrents, petrography, and clay mineralogy show the influence of the Central Andes fold and thrust belt located to the west of the basin as a principal source area. The high compositional maturity of sandstones reflects the tectonic control as the main allocyclic variable associated with reworking of already mature sediment sources and transport factors in relation to the distal position of the basin (back-bulge), combined with climatic and paleoenvironmental conditions. XRD and SEM-EDS analyses show that illitic clays represent the main mineral phase of the clay assemblages, and have a detrital origin related to physical weathering processes in the source area. Al-rich smectitic minerals have an authigenic origin and were likely formed by alteration of volcanic detritus as well as from precursor minerals such as illite and feldspars. Kaolinite is determined to be detrital and likely derived from the erosion of floodplains with soil development. Throughout the parasequences, illite–smectite–kaolinite minerals are arranged in different proportions, showing a general vertical trend (from base to top) in which the illitic clays decrease at the expense of the increase in Al-rich smectite and kaolinite. The increase in smectite is accompanied by mixed siliciclastic–carbonate sedimentation, which points to a reduction in the clastic contribution linked to drier conditions. This vertical compositional arrangement reveals a paleoclimatic control, influenced by middle-term wet and dry periods. This work demonstrates that source-rock composition and transport distance (tectonic processes) are the key factors influencing quartz-rich sandstones and illite-rich clay mineral suites in distal positions of continental foreland basins. The long-term tropical to subtropical climate favored the development of inland wetlands and played a secondary role in the final composition of these depositional systems.
KOMPARASI ABORSI DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID SYARI’AH IMAM GHAZALI DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN FAKTOR EKONOMI
Authors: Fentiningrum Hilda
Published: February 2022

Kebolehan aborsi telah memperoleh legislasi di Indonesia, meskipun dalam hukum Islam melarang adanya praktik aborsi. Adanya legislasi ini membuat resah masyarakat karena hal ini bisa menyebabkan pihak lain dengan leluasa melakukan aborsi. Pada kenyataannya aborsi bisa dilakukan karena kehamilan yang tidak diharapkan (KTD) baik dalam perkawinan maupun di luar perkawinan seperti pemerkosaan. Korban perkosaan yang mengalami hamil akan memiliki trauma yang sangat luar biasa yang dapat mengancam dirinya. Maka dari itu perlu adanya tindakan-tindakan untuk mengurangi dampak yang terjadi pada diri korban. Selain itu, faktor ekonomi turut andil dalam menyumbang angka aborsi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi sumber-sumber data dengan analisis menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Objek dari penelitian ini adalah pasal-pasal yang mengatur kebolehan aborsi dalam perundangan-undangan di Indonesia dengan analisis maqashid syari’ah Imam Ghazali. Kebolehan aborsi ini bertujuan untuk melindungi nyawa si ibu, karena ibu merupakan induk yang hidup dan memiliki tanggung jawab terhadap kehidupannya. Praktik Aborsi tentunya harus memperhatikan standar prosedur kelayakan yang telah ditetapkan oleh tim medis, tidak boleh melakukannya dengan cara illegal karena itu bisa membahayakan nyawa si ibu. Di samping itu, aborsi pun berhubungan dengan faktor ekonomi. [The permissibility of abortion has obtained legislation in Indonesia, although in Islamic law it prohibits the practice of abortion. The existence of this legislation has made the public uneasy because this could cause othe parties to carry out abortions. In fact, abortion can be done because of an unexpected pregnancy (KTD) both in marriage and outside of marriage such as rape. Rape victims who become pregnant will experience tremendous trauma that can threaten themselves. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to reduce the impact on victims. Other than that, economic factors also contribute to the number of abortions. This type of research is a library with a qualitative approach, the data study method used is documentation of data sources with analysis using descriptive-qualitative methods. The object of this research is the articles regulating the permissibility of abortion in Indonesian legislation with the analysis of the maqashid syari’ah Imam Ghzali. Abortion permits are intended to protect the life of the mother, because the mother is a living parent and has responsibility for her life. The practice of abortion, of course, must pay attention to standard procedures set by the medical team, not to do it illegally because it could endanger the life of the mother. Othet than that, abortion is also relate to economic factors.]
Defects in Flexible Pavements: A Relationship Assessment of Defects for Low-Cost Pavement Management System
Authors: Khahro Shabir Hussain , Memon Zubair Ahmed , Yu Nur Izzi Md. , Gungat Lillian , Yazid Muhamad Razuhanafi Mat
Published: February 2022

Pavement maintenance has been a key concern for any pavement management authority. Countries are facing a severe challenge of funds in maintenance schemes, especially in developing countries. The existing pavement maintenance methods are goal-specific and lack integration of various indicators that are significant for any low-cost PMS. Thus, this paper aims to investigate the possible defects which may occur in flexible pavements. It also investigates the relationship between the different defects. A detailed literature review has been done for this research to identify all possible defects in flexible pavements and key features considered in any PMS. A questionnaire was designed to seek the expert’s opinion on the defects and their possible relationships to be considered for a low-cost PMS. The data was collected from 283 experts currently working in pavement management authorities and pavement maintenance schemes. Aggregated Mean Score, Box plotting and Chi-Square test are used to analyze the data. It is concluded that Bumps/Sags (3.17) are one of the major defects reported by the experts in pavements in Pakistan, followed by the fatigue cracks (3.07). Rutting (2.98) and rut depth (2.98) stand at third key defects reported in this study. Depression (2.96), potholes (2.76), longitudinal crack (2.69), edge crack (2.55), roughness (2.51) and deflection (2.50) are also regularly arising defects in pavement maintenance activities in Pakistan. The results are in the acceptance range of the three mentioned validation methods. The correlation test results show that most of the defects in structural, functional, safety and serviceability indicators reject the null hypothesis thus, there is a close relationship between these defects observed in the flexible pavements. In last stage, a PMS model is suggested to assist the road management authorities of developing countries to make low cost decision for effective pavement rehabilitation.
Ultrasonic assisted inverse micelle as an effective route for fabrication of copper- and zinc-metal organic frameworks as highly efficient adsorbents towards arsine gas adsorption: design and a systematic study
Authors: Shahriari Taher , Kazemzadeh Parya , Zeraati Malihe , Chauhan Narendra Pal Singh , Sargazi Ghasem
Published: February 2022

Since it is essential to select the adsorbents, which are prepared with fast, environmentally friendly, and affordable methods, therefore, in this study, the Cu- and Zn- metal organic framework nanostructures were synthesized in the shortest route with the high efficiency by the effective method of ultrasonic assisted inverse micelle (UAIM) method. The synthesized samples were used as the new adsorbents in the arsine gas adsorption. The physicochemical properties of the products were examined in detail, so that the adsorbent dosage, temperature and pressure for the preparation of samples with distinctive characteristics were 0.05 mg, 25.00 °C, and 5.00 bar, respectively. Since the design and control of experimental parameters to find the best conditions for producing the samples with high adsorption efficiency is essential in this process, thus, for this purpose, fractional factorial design and response surface methodology were used. The results indicated the high efficiency of arsine gas adsorption for the synthesized samples in optimized conditions. The differences between arsine gas adsorption in this study in comparison with the previous studies could be due to the characteristic’s improvement using the effective synthetic methods as well as the systematic study of experimental parameters.
The sound of teaching music: Expert pianists’ performance modulations for novices
Authors: Tominaga Atsuko , Knoblich Günther , Sebanz Natalie
Published: February 2022

Experts modulate their performance of actions for teaching purposes, performing slower and exaggerated movements when demonstrating novel actions to novices. The present study asked whether such modulations are also used to teach techniques of artistic expression. One domain where subtle movement modulations are crucial for achieving artistic expression is music. We investigated how skilled pianists modulate their playing to demonstrate to students the techniques required for conveying piece-related musical expressions, compared to performing the piece without didactic intentions. Expressions in the piece concerned either articulation (i.e., legato and staccato) or dynamics (i.e., forte and piano). The pianists played either with the goal to perform the piece to an audience or with the goal to teach the respective techniques to novices. When intending to teach articulation, skilled pianists produced more exaggerated staccato. When intending to teach dynamics, they created a larger contrast between forte and piano at structurally important points. We found consistent results with a simple musical scale (Experiment 1) and a more naturalistic piece of music (Experiment 2). These findings suggest that action modulations are performed not only to attract learners’ attention but to highlight the most relevant aspects of the actions to be learnt.
Impact of Technology for Maternal and Child Health intervention on health services utilization and continuum of care in Northern Ghana: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Nuhu Abdul Ganiyu Kantamah , Dwomoh Duah , Amuasi Susan Ama , Dotse-Gborgbortsi Winfred , Kubio Chrysantus , Apraku Edward Anane , Timbire Jonas Kolong , Nonvignon Justice
Published: February 2022

Maternal and child mortality are of public health concern. Most of these deaths occur in rural communities of developing countries. Technology for maternal and child health (T4MCH) is an intervention introduced to increase Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services utilization and continuum of care in some health facilities across Ghana. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of T4MCH intervention on MCH services utilization and continuum of care in the Sawla-Tuna-Kalba District in the Savannah Region of Ghana. A quasi-experimental study with a retrospective review of records of MCH services of women who attended antenatal services in some selected health centers in the Bole (comparison district) and Sawla-Tuna-Kalba (intervention district) of the Savannah region, Ghana. In total 469 records were reviewed, 263 in Bole and 206 in Sawla-Tuna-Kalba. A multivariable modified Poisson and logistic regression with augmented inverse-probability weighted regression adjustment based on propensity scores were used to quantify the impact of the intervention on service utilization and continuum of care. The implementation of T4MCH intervention increased antenatal care attendance, facility delivery, postnatal care and continuum of care by 18 percentage points (ppts) [95% CI: -17.0; 52.0], 14ppts [95% CI: 6.0%; 21.0%], 27ppts [95% CI: 15.0; 26.0] and 15.0ppts [95% CI: 8.0; 23.0] respectively compared to the control districts. The study showed that T4MCH intervention improved antenatal care, skilled delivery, postnatal services utilization, and continuum of care in health facilities in the intervention district. The intervention is recommended for a scale-up in other rural areas of Northern Ghana and the West-African sub-region.
Estimating the Population Mean Under Contaminated Normal Distribution Based on Deciles
Authors: Abu-Shawiesh Moustafa Omar Ahmed , Sinsomboonthong Juthaphorn , Saeed Nadia , Kibria Golam
Published: February 2022

Confidence intervals are important statistical methods used to estimate the location and dispersion parameters of the population. A new robust interval estimator, which is an adjustment of the Student-t confidence interval for estimating population mean based on the decile mean and standard deviation is consider in this research. The efficiency of this proposed interval estimator is evaluated using an extensive Monte-Carlo simulation study. The coverage probabilities and average widths of the proposed interval estimator are compared with some existing widely used interval estimators under normal and contaminated normal distributions. The simulation results show that the proposed interval estimator performs very well in terms of attaining high coverage probability and shorter average width. For illustration purposes, real-life data sets are analyzed which supported the findings obtained from the simulation study to some extent. In summary, our results confirmed that the type of estimator used to construct the confidence interval affects the performance of the interval estimator, and the proposed version of the interval estimator performs better than the other estimators evaluated herein. Consequently, we recommend the new robust conﬁdence interval for the practitioners to be used for estimating of the population mean when the contamination in the data of the distribution is present. The proposed confidence interval of the population mean can be easily calculated by using R program which is providing in this appendix.Mathematics Subject Classification 62F10; 62F35.
Minimum Effective Concentration of Ropivacaine For Ultrasound-Guided Adductor Canal + IPACK Block In Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Wang Qiuru , Hu Jian , Cai Lijun , Bahete Aergen , Yang Jing , Kang Pengde
Published: February 2022

Background: This study aimed to investigate the minimum effective concentration (MEC90, defined as effective in 90% of patients) of ropivacaine during the combined procedure of adductor canal block (ACB) and infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the posterior knee (IPACK) block for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Methods: This double-blind, randomized dose-finding trial was based on a biased coin up-and-down sequential design, where the concentration of ropivacaine administered to a given patient depended on the previous patient’s response. Before surgery, the first patient received 20 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine for ACB and again for IPACK. If the block failed, the next subject received a 0.025% higher ropivacaine concentration; otherwise, the next subject received either a 0.025% smaller dose (probability of 0.11) or the same dose (probability of 0.89). Block success was defined as the patient did not suffer significant pain and did not receive rescue analgesia within 6 hours after surgery. MEC90 was estimated by isotonic regression, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by bootstrapping. Results: Based on analysis of 52 patients, the MEC90 was 0.247% (95% CI 0.227–0.271%), MEC95 was 0.260% (95% CI 0.244–0.282%) and MEC99 was 0.272% (95% CI 0.260–0.291%). In contrast, four of nine trials in a recent systematic review reported ropivacaine concentrations below 0.247%.Conclusions: Our small trial suggests that 0.247% ropivacaine in 20 ml respectively can provide successful ACB + IPACK block in 90% of patients. However, given that many published trials have used lower concentrations, our findings should be verified in larger studies. Trial registration: This study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx). The clinical trial registration number was ChiCTR2100048757 (Date of registration: July 16, 2021).
Mindfulness Training for Community-Based Psychotherapists: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Sucich James Thomas , Lehrer Jeremy , Breitbart Vicki , Julliard Kell N.
Published: February 2022

Background:

While mindfulness training’s feasibility has been assessed in many health care settings, the feasibility of teaching mindfulness to psychotherapists of various orientations for both self- and patient-care has not been explored. The objectives of this feasibility assessment were to determine the degree to which clinic psychotherapists were willing to complete a skills based mindfulness training program; evaluate the acceptability of integrating mindfulness interventions into an urban community mental health clinic; examine the training’s influence on both personal mindfulness practice and integration into patient care; and explore the impact of a support group following the training. Adaptations to the training based on participant feedback can inform a larger scale trial that compares our protocol with another intervention in the treatment of a psychological disorder or condition identified by the participants as having responded favorably to the program.
Methods:

Data on six aspects of feasibility were gathered through quantitative surveys, semi-structured qualitative interviews, and group observation and feedback, analyzed using grounded theory.
Results:

The following factors were identified as contributing to the training’s success: Significant interest on the part of clinic staff to receive the training; diversity of the teaching staff, buy-in from clinic administration, provision of meditation scripts, role-play exercises, the variety of practices taught, and case presentations. Therapists indicated that the training helped them create a personal mindfulness practice, and several proceeded to integrate mindfulness into client sessions. A bi-weekly support group organized after the training encompassed group practice, discussion, case presentations, and information about trauma-sensitive mindfulness. Clinicians identified the following challenges to integrating mindfulness into sessions: lack of scripts in client languages other than English, the unacceptability of mindfulness to some clients’ religious beliefs, the lack of appropriateness for clients facing ongoing psychosocial crises, the lack of interest on the part of some clients, and the time constraints posed by brief therapy sessions.
Conclusions:

These findings indicate that such training may be feasible in community mental health settings given support from leadership and the presence of qualified facilitators within the organization.
Trial Registration:
Not applicable.
Laser-driven multi-MeV high-purity proton acceleration via anisotropic ambipolar expansion of micron-scale hydrogen clusters
Authors: Jinno Satoshi , Kanasaki Masato , Asai Takafumi , Matsui Ryutaro , Pirozhkov Alexander , Ogura Koichi , Sagisaka Akito , Miyasaka Yasuhiro , Nakanii Nobuhiko , Kando Masaki , Kitagawa Nobuko , Morishima Kunihiro , Kodaira Satoshi , Kishimoto Yasuaki , Yamauchi Tomoya , Uesaka Mitsuru , Kiriyama Hiromitsu , Fukuda Yuji
Published: February 2022

Multi-MeV high-purity proton acceleration by using a hydrogen cluster target irradiated with repetitive, relativistic intensity laser pulses has been demonstrated. Statistical analysis of hundreds of data sets highlights the existence of markedly high energy protons produced from the laser-irradiated clusters with micron-scale diameters. The spatial distribution of the accelerated protons is found to be anisotropic, where the higher energy protons are preferentially accelerated along the laser propagation direction due to the relativistic effect. These features are supported by three-dimensional (3D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, which show that directional, higher energy protons are generated via the anisotropic ambipolar expansion of the micron-scale clusters. The number of protons accelerating along the laser propagation direction is found to be as high as 1.6±0.3 × 109 /MeV/sr/shot with an energy of 2.8±1.9 MeV, indicating that laser-driven proton acceleration using the micron-scale hydrogen clusters is promising as a compact, repetitive, multi-MeV high-purity proton source for various applications.
Decision boundaries and convex hulls in the feature space that deep learning functions learn from images
Authors: Yousefzadeh Roozbeh
Published: February 2022

The success of deep neural networks in image classification and learning can be partly attributed to the features they extract from images. It is often speculated about the properties of a low-dimensional manifold that models extract and learn from images. However, there is not sufficient understanding about this low-dimensional space based on theory or empirical evidence. For image classification models, their last hidden layer is the one where images of each class is separated from other classes and it also has the least number of features. Here, we develop methods and formulations to study that feature space for any model. We study the partitioning of the domain in feature space, identify regions guaranteed to have certain classifications, and investigate its implications for the pixel space. We observe that geometric arrangements of decision boundaries in feature space is significantly different compared to pixel space, providing insights about adversarial vulnerabilities, image morphing, extrapolation, ambiguity in classification, and the mathematical understanding of image classification models.
Erfahrungs-, (Kunst-)Werk- und Vermittlungsorientierung
Authors: Pasuchin Iwan
Published: February 2022

Sowohl innerhalb der handlungsorientierten Medienpädagogik als auch im Feld der Kulturellen Bildung wird die zentrale Stellung der Projektmethode hervorgehoben. Jedoch sind weder die Beweggründe zur Anwendung dieses Verfahrens noch dessen Alleinstellungsmerkmale eindeutig expliziert. Mit der Intention, Vermittlerinnen und Vermittler im medien- und kulturpädagogischen Bereich bei der Konzeption ihrer Interventionen zu unterstützen, wird im vorliegenden Beitrag der Forschungsfrage nachgegangen, mit welchen konkreten Zugängen zum Projektunterricht sich welche Ziele der Arbeit in diesem Spannungsfeld am ehesten erreichen lassen. Um das zu beantworten, erfolgt die Darstellung und Analyse von zehn wissenschaftlich begleiteten Workshops, die sich über mehrere Wochen, oft auch Monate erstreckten sowie grösstenteils von Medienkünstlerinnen und -künstlern an einer städtischen Haupt- bzw. Mittelschule durchgeführt wurden. Im Zuge dessen werden drei Herangehensweisen zur Arbeit an den Schnittstellen zwischen der Medienpädagogik und der Kulturellen Bildung extrahiert und näher beschrieben: die Erfahrungsorientierung, die Ausrichtung am (Kunst-)Werk sowie die Fokussierung auf Vermittlungsaspekte. Abschliessend findet der Vergleich dieser Ansätze hinsichtlich der Forschungsfrage statt, was im Aufzeigen einiger praktischer Konsequenzen mündet.
NUMERICAL STUDY ON PROPULSIVE FACTORS IN REGULAR HEAD AND OBLIQUE WAVES
Authors:   College of Shipbuilding Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China, Dai Kun , Li Yunbo ,   College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China, Gong Jiaye , Fu Zheng , Li Ang ,   Marine Design and Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200011, China, Zhang Dapeng
Published: February 2022

This paper applies Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) method to study propulsion performance in head and oblique waves. Finite volume method (FVM) is employed to discretize the governing equations and SST k-ω model is used for modeling the turbulent flow. The free surface is solved by volume of fluid (VOF) method. Sliding mesh technique is used to enable rotation of propeller. Propeller open water curves are determined by propeller open water simulations. Calm water resistance and wave added resistances are obtained from towing computations without propeller. Self-propulsion simulations in calm water and waves with varying loads are performed to obtain self-propulsion point and thrust identify method is use to predict propulsive factors. Regular head waves with wavelengths varying from 0.6 to 1.4 times the length of ship and oblique waves with incident directions varying from 0° to 360° are considered. The influence of waves on propulsive factors, including thrust deduction and wake fraction, open water, relative rotative, hull and propulsive efficiencies are discussed.
Do competitiveness and corporate social responsibility affect brand image? A case study of Vietnamese financial leasing companies
Authors: Ha Hai Giang , Phan Thanh Hai , Nguyen Ngoc Diep , Nguyen Huy Tuan , Thi Thuong Mai
Published: February 2022

Financial leasing companies in Vietnam have been established for more than 20 years. However, little is known about the determinant factors of the brand image of these companies. This study aims to measure the associated factors of the brand image of financial leasing companies in Vietnam by employing a cross-sectional study from March to June 2021. An online survey using Google Forms has been sent via email to 350 people, including directors, deputy directors, relevant heads of departments, and employees of financial leasing companies in Vietnam. A total of 298 participants agreed to participate in the survey (the response rate is 85.1%). The Cronbach’s alpha of every factor is higher than 0.8 (ranges from 0.824 to 0.949). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results show that the values of Composite Reliability are all higher than 0.7 and ones of Average Variance Extracted are all higher than 0.5, which assure the reliability and validity of the scale. Structural Equation Model (SEM) has been applied, and model fit indexes have been calculated to test the research hypotheses. The findings show that cooperate social responsibility positively affects the brand image of financial leasing companies in Vietnam. Moreover, the result confirms the mediating role of enterprise strategy and operational efficiency for companies’ competitiveness and brand image. These results indicate that managers at finance leasing companies and stakeholders should have suitable policies to increase competitiveness and corporate social responsibility for the sustainable development of financial leasing companies in Vietnam.
AcknowledgmentThis paper is a collaboration between the School of Business and Economics and the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Research of Duy Tan University. The authors thank the leaders of the two institutions for helping to make the research cooperation successful.