bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Adding Japanese Honorifics When Naming a Driving-Review Robot
Authors: Tanaka Kota , Shigematsu Maho , Kanoh Masayoshi , Jimenez Felix , Hayase Mitsuhiro , Mukai Naoto , Yoshikawa Tomohiro , Tanaka Takahiro
Published: December 2024

In Japan, the percentage of traffic fatalities involving individuals aged 65 years and older is higher than that of other age groups. This issue can be addressed by having elderly individuals reflect upon their driving habits. Currently, this involves repeatedly attending training sessions at driving schools, which can be challenging due to time and location constraints. Hence, we develop a driving-review robot that allows elderly people to self-assess their driving skills in their homes. In developing this robot, we identified two crucial factors: “support continuity,” which relates to the extent to which individuals use the robot over an extended period, and “support acceptability,” which measures the willingness of users to accept advice from the robot. Both factors are assumed to be influenced by the attachment and connection felt by individuals toward the robot. Previous studies suggest that attachment can be enhanced via voluntary naming of the robot. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between naming a drive-reviewing robot and its effect on support continuity and acceptance, as well as its effect on improving driving behavior via multiple instances of self-assessment. The results suggest that the presence and type of honorifics used during the naming process can affect individuals’ impressions of the robot. Furthermore, naming the robot with Japanese honorifics such as “-kun” or “-chan” and engaging in repeated driving self-assessment sessions may enhance support continuity and potentially increase the time spent on verifying the surroundings during driving, thus improving driving behavior.
APPLICATION OF A PERSONAL COMPUTER FOR CONDUCTING AND PROCESSING THE EDDY CURRENT CONTROL SIGNAL
Authors: Korniev Ivan , Homyak Yuri , Pozniakova Marharyta
Published: December 2024

Methods of formation and processing of eddy current converter signals using a personal computer are considered. Eddy current transducers play a crucial role in contactless measurements and find applications in various industries, including industrial, aviation, and medical fields. The article delves into the fundamental aspects of eddy current transducers, including their technical specifications and operating principles. It also examines the equipment and software necessary for signal acquisition and processing, offering guidance on selecting the appropriate tools and programs. signal generation methods for eddy current transducers and the key parameters affecting measurement accuracy are discussed. Additionally, it provides an overview of signal processing methods, including harmonic analysis, filtering, and determining object parameters for measurement. Furthermore, it explores practical applications of eddy current transducers and provides examples of projects where this technology has been applied. The provided information enables a clear understanding of how to use an eddy current converter with a personal computer for signal collection and processing, making the publication useful for engineers, scientists, and specialists in the field of measurements and non-destructive testing.
ANALYSIS OF UDDER AND TEAT DIMENSIONS OF PRIMIPAROUS COWS WITH REGARD TO THE COUNTRY OF ORIGIN OF THEIR FATHERS
Authors:   Department of Cattle Breeding and Milk Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland, KUCZAJ Marian
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study was to analyze the udder and teat dimensions of primiparous
cows, taking into account the influence of the country of origin of their fathers kept on a large-scale
dairy farm. The cows included in the study (n = 99) of the Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White breed
were divided into 3 paternal groups: daughters of bulls from Belgium (n = 20), Denmark (n = 28) and
the USA (n = 51). Significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences were found between the country of origin of the
fathers and the hind teat length and front teat thickness of their daughters. The selection effects of the
cows studied for improving udder suspension height (66 cm) were satisfactory The average length
of the front teats ranged from 4.20 (daughters of bulls from Denmark) to 4.50 cm (daughters of bulls
from Belgium) and the length of the rear teats ranged from 3.38 (daughters of bulls from Denmark) to
3.88 cm (daughters of bulls from Belgium). Average front teat thickness ranged from 2.34 (daughters
of bulls from the US) to 2.54 cm (daughters of bulls from Belgium), and rear teat thickness ranged
from 2.23 (daughters of bulls from Denmark) to 2.34 cm (daughters of bulls from Belgium). Average
front teat spacing ranged from 12.70 (Belgian bull daughters) to 14.20 cm (US bull daughters), rear
teat spacing ranged from 5.29 (Danish bull daughters) to 5.77 cm (US bull daughters), and lateral
spacing ranged from 11.10 (Belgian bull daughters) to 11.75 (US bull daughters). The systematics
of box, round and flat udders in all the primiparous cows studied was 51.5, 37.4 and 11.1%, respectively. The incidence of cylindrical, funnel-shaped and bottle-shaped teats was 72.7, 27.3 and 0.0%,
respectively. Teats with a round end were much more common (63.6%) than those with a pointed
(21.2%) and flat (15.2%) end. Selection of cows for milk production traits should take into account
the size and shape of the udder and teats.
IbHAK5, a potassium transporter, enhances potassium ion absorption and improves root morphology in sweetpotato
Authors: Jin Rong , Zhao Peng , Yan Mengxiao , Liu Ming , Fan Weijuan , Zhang Qiangqiang , Zhu Xiaoya , Wang Jing , Yu Yongchao , Yang Jun , Wang Hongxia , Tang Zhonghou
Published: December 2024

Potassium is a vital element in sweetpotato that plays important roles during its growth and development. In this study, potassium transporter IbHAK5, which is homologous to Arabidopsis HAK5, was cloned and overexpressed in sweetpotato. IbHAK5 encodes a protein of 739 amino acids and localized in the plasma membrane. Two IbHAK5-overexpressing transgenic (HO) lines with the highest expression level of IbHAK5 were screened for K+-deficiency stress tolerant assay. Compared with wide type (WT) sweetpotato plants, transgenic plants grew well with higher chlorophyll content, and maintain great higher K+ contents via decreasing more K+ effluxes under low potassium ion (− K+) stress condition. Additionally, IbHAK5 can help plants improve root morphology and increase endogenous hormone IAA content under both normal condition and − K+ stress, which may result in the increased root K + absorption ability. The results indicated that IbHAK5 play an important role in sweetpotato response to – K+ stress, as well as support molecular-assisted breeding with the IbHAK5 gene.
Kaempferol enhances ER-mitochondria coupling and protects motor neurons from ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in C9ORF72- ALS
Authors: Pilotto Federica , Smeele Paulien , Scheidegger Olivier , Diab Rim , Schobesberger Martina , Sierra-Delgado Julieth Andrea , Saxena Smita
Published: December 2024

Repeat expansions in the C9ORF72 gene are a frequent cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia. Considerable progress has been made in identifying C9ORF72-mediated disease and resolving its underlying etiopathogenesis. The contributions of intrinsic mitochondrial deficits as well as chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress to the development of the C9ORF72-linked pathology is well established, Nevertheless, to date, no cure or effective therapy is available, and thus attempts to find a potential drug target, have received increasing attention. Here, we investigated the mode of action and therapeutic effect of a naturally occurring dietary flavanol, kaempferol in preclinical rodent and human models of C9ORF72-ALS. Notably, kaempferol treatment of C9ORF72-ALS human patient-derived motor neurons/neurons, resolved mitochondrial deficits, promoted resiliency against severe ER stress and conferred neuroprotection. Treatment of symptomatic C9ORF72 mice with kaempferol, normalized mitochondrial calcium uptake, restored mitochondria function, and diminished ER stress. Importantly, in vivo, chronic kaempferol administration ameliorated pathological motor dysfunction and inhibited motor neuron degeneration, thus highlighting the translational potential of kaempferol. Lastly, in silico modelling identified a novel kaempferol target and mechanistically the neuroprotective mechanism of kaempferol is through the iP3R-VDAC1 pathway via the modulation of GRP75 expression. Thus, kaempferol holds great promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases where both mitochondrial and ER dysfunction are causally linked to the pathophysiology.
Multi-omics analysis of Cuproptosis-Related Signature Guides the Precision Immunotherapy and Prognosis of Breast Cancer
Authors: zhang chenchen , yang jialai , yin Xin , zhang luxiao , Yu Tian-Hang , hao jiqing , zhang sidong
Published: December 2024

Breast cancer is a common malignancy in women, and its resistance to immunotherapy is a major challenge. Cuproptosis, a novel form of cell death associated with protein lipidation, tumor microenvironment, and immune response, may offer a potential solution. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs is important in BC initiation and progression, and the role of cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (CRLs) in the immune regulation of BC is not fully understood. Breast cancer patient data from the TCGA database was used to identify cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs). Differential expression analysis of CRLs was performed using the 'limma' package in R. Prognostic CRLs were identified using co-expression and univariate Cox analysis. A prognostic model of six CRLs was established using Cox regression and the LASSO algorithm. Model performance was evaluated using K-M survival and ROC curve analysis. The predictive ability of the signature in immune microenvironment and immunotherapy was investigated. In vitro experiments validated AL138789.1 function. Our study identified a six-CRL prognostic signature that outperformed conventional clinicopathological characteristics in predicting survival outcomes in BC patients. The signature effectively stratified BC patients into high- and low-risk groups and showed potential in predicting the response to immunotherapy. Notably, significant differences were observed in immune cell abundance between the two groups. In vitro experiments demonstrated that AL138789.1 knockdown or overexpression significantly reduced the viability, proliferation, and invasion capacity of MDA-MB-231 or HCC1806 cells. Our 6-CRL signature has the potential as an independent biomarker for predicting prognosis and treatment response in BC patients, complementing existing clinicopathological characteristics.
Evaluation of dose dependent developmental response in Drosophila melanogaster to the diet fortified with Swarna Bhasma (Incinerated Gold).
Authors: Deshmukh Saylee , Sharbidre Archana , Choudhary Kuldeep , Reddy R Govind , Pawar Sharad
Published: December 2024

Background:
The gold-based Ayurvedic formulation Swarna Bhasma (SB) is renowned for its therapeutic applications, with a focus on pediatric treatment. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of scientific evidence regarding its safety and efficacy across different dosages, particularly when used in conjunction with honey and ghee.
Objective:
This study aims to evaluate the dose-dependent developmental response of Drosophila melanogaster to diets fortified with Swarna Bhasma.
Methods:
SB was characterized employing X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Drosophila melanogaster larvae were fed diets with varying concentrations of SB (0.6–10 µg/ml). Changes in survivability, larval body weight, crawling behavior, pupation, and adult eclosion were monitored. Cellular damage and oxidative stress were assessed through the Trypan Blue Exclusion Assay and Nitroblue Tetrazolium (NBT) assay, respectively.
Results:
Moderate dose of SB (2.5 µg/ml) increased adult eclosion rates (121.7 ± 3.76%) and promoted normal crawling behavior. Higher doses (5 and 10 µg/ml) resulted in reduced pupation and eclosion rates, abnormal crawling, and significantly increased oxidative stress (37 ± 8.3%). No significant intestinal damage or phenotypic abnormalities were observed at any dose.
Conclusion:
SB demonstrates dose-dependent effects on Drosophila melanogaster development and behavior. Moderate doses are beneficial, while higher doses induce neurotoxic effects. These findings highlight the importance of determining safe and effective dosage for the therapeutic use of SB. Further research is needed to establish long-term safety and efficacy, particularly when used in combination with honey and ghee in Ayurvedic practices.
Generation of frameshift mutated TGFβR2-specific T cells in healthy subjects following administration with cancer vaccine candidate FMPV- 1/GM-CSF in a Phase 1 study
Authors: Inderberg Else Marit , Singh Nand , Miller Robert , Arbe-Barnes Sarah , Eriksen Henrik K. , lversen Berit , Juul Hedvig Vidarsdotter , Eriksen Jon Amund , Handeland Karianne Risberg
Published: December 2024

FMPV-1 is a component of FMPV-3, an investigational cancer-specific vaccine and being developed to activate anti-cancer T-cell responses targeting frameshift mutations of MSI-H cancers. FMPV-1 is designed to activate T-cell responses against transforming growth factor β receptor 2 (TGFβR2) frameshift mutation. Microsatellite instability High (MSI-H) gastrointestinal cancers frequently harbour TGFβR2 frameshift mutations. This first-in-human, Phase 1, single centre, open-label study included 16 healthy male subjects who received FMPV-1 (0.15 mg/injection) plus granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (0.03 mg/injection) as two separate, co-located, injections on days 1, 8, 15, 29 and 43. All subjects were followed to Day 365.
A FMPV-1-specific delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reactivity test was performed with FMPV-1 (without GM-CSF) on days 1, 29 and 43 with assessment after 2 days. All subjects were DTH negative at baseline, 8/16 were positive on Day 31 and 15/16 were positive on Day 45. Furthermore, the FMPV-1/GM-CSF induced frameshift mutant TGFβR2 specific T cells after the short vaccination period, and specific T cells were still detectable after 6 and 12 months indicating induction of frameshift mutant TGFβR2 specific T memory cells. Adverse events were limited to mild injection-site reactions with no evidence of related systemic signs or symptoms. No other clinically important changes to vital signs, electrocardiograms, haematologic, coagulation or laboratory measures related to treatment were observed.
FMPV-1/GM-CSF was well tolerated and generated vaccine-specific T cell immune responses in healthy subjects. These findings support clinical studies in patients with, or at risk of, cancers carrying TGFβR2 frameshift mutations.
Clinical trial identification
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05238558.
EudraCT: 2020-004363-80.
PTOV1 Exerts Pro-oncogenic Role in Colorectal Cancer by Modulating SQSTM1-Mediated Autophagic Degradation of p53
Authors: Fan Yongli , Li Yuqin , Luo Xia , Xiang Shiqi , Hu Jia , Zhan Jingchun , Chang Weilong , Deng Rui , Ran Xianwen , Zhang Yize , Cai Yudie , Zhu Weiwei , Wang Huifen , Liu Zhibo , Wang Di
Published: December 2024

Background
The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) are increasing rapidly worldwide. Prostate Tumor Overexpressed 1 (PTOV1) is overexpressed and associated with malignant phenotypes in various types of tumors. However, the detailed roles of PTOV1 and its underlying mechanism in CRC remain unclear.
Methods
The clinical significance of PTOV1 was assessed in clinical databases (TCGA and GEO) and clinic CRC samples. The effects of PTOV1 on the tumor-associated phenotypes of CRC were detected by EdU-DNA synthesis assay, transwell assays, cell colony formation assay, CRC subcutaneous tumor model and CRC metastasis mouse models. Immunoprecipitation (IP) combined with protein mass spectrometry was used to identify potential molecules interacting with PTOV1. Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was employed to validate the binding between PTOV1 and its interacting protein p53. Immunofluorescence assay, western blot and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis were used to evaluated the effects of PTOV1 on autophagy.
Results
Here, we revealed that PTOV1 was highly expressed in human CRC tissues, especially at advanced stages, and associated with reduced survival time among CRC patients. The upregulated PTOV1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor growth and metastasis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. At the molecular level, PTOV1 destabilized p53 by activating autophagy and recruiting p53 for the cargo receptor SQSTM1 directed autophagic degradation. There was a negative expression correlation between PTOV1 and p53 in CRC tissues. Moreover, p53 overexpression or SQSTM1 knockdown reversed the pro-tumor phenotypes of PTOV1 in CRC.
Conclusion
Our study reveals an oncogenic role of PTOV1 in CRC progression, which was achieved by promoting SQSTM1 directed autophagic degradation of p53. This work may provide promising therapeutic targets for CRC.
Irritability in Children with Rasopathies, Insights into Emotional Dysregulation and Social Skills Impairments
Authors: Serur Yaffa , Fuhrmann Naomi , Russo Odeya , Green Tamar
Published: December 2024

Rasopathies, including Noonan Syndrome (NS) and Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), are developmental disorders caused by germline mutations in genes of the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (RAS-MAPK). This study investigates irritability, a highly prevalent transdiagnostic construct, in children with Rasopathies and the impact of Rasopathy status on the associations between irritability, emotional dysregulation-related disorders, and social skills impairments. The sample comprise 174 children aged 4–17 (age mean = 9.49; 98 females), including 113 children with Rasopathies (NS n = 85, NF1 n = 28) and 61 age-sex-matched typically developed (TD) children. We used parent questionnaires (CBCL, SRS) to assess irritability, symptoms of ADHD, defiance, anxiety/depression, and social skills impairments while controlling for cognitive measures (IQ). Children with Rasopathies exhibited higher irritability than TD children (mean difference = 1.09; p < 0.001). Children with NS showed a weaker association between irritability and ADHD symptoms compared to TD children (p = .032, ηp2 = .03) and a stronger association between irritability and social skills impairments compared to both TD (p = .033, ηp2 = .03), and NF1 groups (p = .009, ηp2 = .06). We present novel and clinically significant findings showing high irritability in children with Rasopathies. Our study provides syndrome-specific results, suggesting differences in the mechanisms involved in irritability, ADHD, and social processes in children with NS and NF1. In essence, children with Rasopathies showed a highly irritable profile associated with ADHD symptoms and social skills impairments, with a significantly stronger association between irritability and social processes in NS. Our results suggest that developing prevention and treatments targeting irritability can distinctly affect the trajectories of neurodevelopmental disorders in children with Rasopathies.
Hartnup disease combined with iminocaciduria: two novel mutations in the SLC6A19 gene (a case report)
Authors: Mei Ningning , Li Lei , Cui Yan , Wang Liang , Jiang Hong , Tian Xinying
Published: December 2024

Purpose
To report a case of Hartnup disease combined with iminocaciduria, and to explore its clinical manifestations and genetic mutations.
Methods
Clinical data of the patient were collected, whole-exome sequencing was performed using high-throughput sequencing technology to detect SLC6A19 gene mutations. Sanger sequencing was used for family verification, and software was employed to predict protein structure and function.
Results
The patient exhibited intermittent pellagra, ataxia, and psychiatric symptoms. Genetic sequencing revealed three heterozygous mutations in the SLC6A19 gene: a heterozygous missense mutation c.169C > T (p.Ary57Cys), a heterozygous missense mutation c.1802C > A (p.A601D), and a heterozygous splicing mutation c.1378 + 5G > A. The c.169C > T and c.1378 + 5G > A mutations were inherited from the father, whereas the mutation c.1802C > A was passed down from the mother. Bioinformatics-based protein function prediction indicated that both the c.169C > T (p.R57C) and c.1802C > A (p.A601D) mutations are harmful. Furthermore, the levels of 5-oxoproline and proline in the urine were elevated.
Conclusion
The typical manifestations of Hartnup disease include intermittent pellagra, ataxia, and psychiatric symptoms. The SLC6A19 mutations c.1802C > A and c.1378 + 5G > A are novel, and this case expands the genetic spectrum of the disease.
Performance Analysis of Bridges- Assessing Damage Impact and Performance Degradation
Authors: Chowdary T Anusha , Meghashree Mrs , Urs Neethu
Published: December 2024

This paper presents an investigation into the effects of bearing stiffness variations and vehicle speeds on the performance of bridges, with a focus on elastomeric bearings. Using finite element analysis (FEA), the study simulates the behaviour of a bridge subjected to varying load scenarios, including dead load + live load (DL+LL) and truck load conditions. Elastomeric bearings, modified at specific spans (99.6m, 182.6m, and 265.6m), are analysed for stiffness reductions (0.25%, 0.7%, and 0.9%) and their impact on bridge response. The results show that the central span (182.6m) experiences the highest displacement and stress, with peak displacement occurring around mid-span. As bearing stiffness decreases, axial forces and displacements increase, particularly under truck load conditions. This leads to higher stress concentrations in damaged bearings, which can compromise load distribution and bridge stability. The paper also explores the dynamic effects of varying vehicle speeds, revealing that higher speeds exacerbate displacement and stress. The findings emphasize the critical role of bearing stiffness in load transmission and the need for regular monitoring and predictive modelling to optimize bridge performance. This research provides valuable insights for improving maintenance practices and extending the service life of bridges through more accurate damage assessments and strategic interventions.
Shaping Tomorrow's Doctors: The Impact of Socioeconomic and Institutional Factors on Medical Education Quality in Brazil - an ecological study
Authors: Brito Quécia Hosana Fatel , Silva Flávia G M , Avena Katia Miranda , Menezes Rodrigo C. , Andrade Bruno B. , Quintanilha Luiz Fernando
Published: December 2024

Background.
Education holds transformative power in society, driving economic and social development. In medical education, training quality leads to well-prepared physicians and directly impacts patient care. In Brazil, a key measure of medical training quality is the National Student Performance Exam (Enade). This study aims to analyze the institutional, social, and economic determinants of the quality of medical education in Brazil through Enade scores.
Methods.
An ecological study was conducted with all Brazilian higher education institutions participating in the Enade for the Medicine undergraduate course in the last 5 editions. Group comparisons and a multivariable logistic regression model were conducted to examine the associations between institutional, social, and economic aspects with the Enade score, categorizing institutions into high and low/medium score groups.
Results.
Considering all editions, the average Enade score of medical schools in Brazil was 2.8. Geographic location was a determining factor of Enade results. The highest proportion of high scores was observed in South (62.4%) and Central-West (57.3%) regions, and low scores in the North (76.4%), Southeast (64.1%) and Northeast (52.6%). The proportion of medical schools with high Enade scores increased over time (p < 0.001), and they demonstrated significantly higher performance in general knowledge tests (+ 10.6%; 64.4 vs 58.20) and specific knowledge tests (+ 16.0%; 65.4 vs 56.4). Institutional factors associated with better student performance in Enade included a well-rated didactic-pedagogical organization (OR: 1.62 [CI: 1.10–2.40]), a more qualified faculty (OR: 1.81 [CI: 1.27–2.59]), and being publicly administered (OR: 5.74 [CI: 3.44–9.95]).
Conclusion.
This study highlights significant variations in training quality among medical schools nationwide, with the Center-South region showing a higher proportion of institutions achieving high Enade scores compared to more socioeconomically vulnerable regions in Brazil. Institutional characteristics such as a well-rated didactic-pedagogical organization, a highly qualified faculty, and public administration are associated with better exam performance.
Relationship between contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with ultrasound resolution microscopy imaging and histological features of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Feiqian , Yu Jingtong , Lu Xingqi , Numata Kazushi , Ruan Litao , Zhang Dong , Liu Xi , Li Xiaojing , Wan Mingxi , Zhang Wenbin , Zhang Guanjun
Published: December 2024

Objectives
Using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and ultrasound resolution microscopy (URM) imaging, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between microvascular parameters of small hepatocellular carcinoma (sHCC) (≤ 3 cm) and microscopic histological features, which include vessels encapsulating tumour clusters (VETC), microvascular invasion (MVI), and histological grade.
Methods
Sixteen patients with solitary resected sHCC were prospectively enrolled. CEUS and URM were performed one week before resection. All “ratio” refers to comparisons between the active area (where CEUS microbubble show visible motion track by URM) and the entire lesion. Blood vessel complexity (ratio), blood vessel density (ratio), area (ratio), flow velocity, blood vessel diameter, and perfusion index (“flow velocity” × “vessel ratio”) were analysed using URM. The relationships between URM parameters and microscopic histological features (MVI, VETC, and histological grade) were analysed.
Results
There were 5 (31.3%), 8 (50%), and 7 (43.7%) cases of poorly differentiated, MVI-positive, and VETC-positive HCC, respectively. The mean velocity of the entire lesion was higher in the poorly differentiated group than that in the moderately differentiated group (p = 0.026). The complexity ratio (MVI-positive: 1.07 ± 0.03, MVI-negative: 1.03 ± 0.02, p = 0.012), area ratio (MVI-positive: 0.63 ± 0.18, MVI-negative: 0.39 ± 0.16, p = 0.017), and perfusion index (MVI-positive: 8.67 ± 1.88, MVI-negative: 6.42 ± 0.94, p = 0.009) were greater in MVI-positive HCCs. The density ratio (VETC-positive: 1.30 ± 0.19, VETC-negative: 1.10 ± 0.05, p = 0.006) was larger in VETC-positive HCCs.
Conclusion
Higher blood flow velocity and area of HCC lesions, and higher blood vessel complexity and density may be related to microscopic histological features. This relationship might provide a strategy of using URM for preoperative non-invasive diagnostic VETC, MVI, and histological grade in the future.
Optimisation of Petroleum Product Transportation by Multimodal Transport During Martial Law
Authors: Zelenko Yulia , Cherkudinov Volodymyr , Tarasov Vsevolod , Soroka Maksym
Published: December 2024

The hostilities in Ukraine have significantly changed the logistics of petroleum product supply. Overland routes via EU countries, in particular Poland, Romania and the Baltic states, have become the main transport solution. Rail transport remains the main mode of transportation for petroleum products, providing significant volumes, but faces the challenges of low capacity and delays at the borders. Road transport is showing growth due to the flexibility required in the crisis. The relevance of the work is determined by the need to increase the efficiency of logistics in the face of rising costs of transport resources and economic challenges that may be associated with a large number of both direct and indirect factors (economic, technological, political, security, etc.), the analytical set of which indicates the vulnerability of the security system for the transport of high-risk cargo.
Insights into the culture of the Sicilian Epigravettian populations. Objects, ornaments and tools from trench M in the cave of San Teodoro (Acquedolci, Messina, Italy)
Authors: Vita Gerlando , Calabrese Nunziatina , Vraca Massimiliana Pinto , Romano Arianna , Vizzini Mirko Andrea , Sineo Luca
Published: December 2024

Renewed excavations at Grotta di San Teodoro Acquedolci in Sicily, a significant Pleistocene site for studying both fauna and ancient human populations, focused on a newly opened excavation area named Trench M. This vertical cavity, approximately 2 meters deep and averaging less than 80 cm in width, revealed layers rich in Epigravettian artefacts, charcoal, and food remains. The excavation unearthed three distinct layers: a superficial layer compromised by modern pollutants, a middle layer containing meal remnants and rare Bronze Age ceramics, and a deeper layer (M3) resembling previously identified Epigravettian occupation layers elsewhere in the cave. Discoveries from M3 include distinctive artefacts such as perforated marine shells with red pigment traces, polished stone pendants, and tools indicative of symbolic and industrial activities. These findings underscore the sophisticated resource management and symbolic practices of the Epigravettian inhabitants. This study contributes valuable insights into the cultural dynamics and material culture of this ancient Sicilian community.
Validation of the Connected Classroom Climate Inventory in post-graduate health science degrees and the relationship with clinical self-efficacy
Authors: Nixon Grace , Patrick Cameron James
Published: December 2024

Fostering connectedness among tertiary education students has been linked to positive academic outcomes and University experience. Further, a sense of connectedness with peers has been linked to the development of stronger interpersonal skills. However, little research has examined peer connectedness specifically in postgraduate health science cohorts, where skills like empathy are crucial in graduate clinical careers. This study examined the content validity of the Connected Classroom Climate Inventory (CCCI) in postgraduate health science students, and its construct validity in relation to self-efficacy for clinical skills. Students completed two questionnaires: the CCCI (Dwyer et al., 2004), and the Self-Efficacy Scale (SES) (Kang et al., 2019). The CCCI measures students' perceptions of connectedness with their peers. The SES measures self-perceived clinical competence, and the questionnaires were modified to reflect audiology or social work skills. In a sample of 72 Masters students from audiology and social work programs, the 20-item CCCI demonstrated excellent internal consistency (α = 0.94). The CCCI scores showed a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.46, p = 0.001) with scores on the SES for degree-specific clinical skills. These findings provide evidence for the content and construct validity of the CCCI in this postgraduate population. The positive association between CCCI and self-efficacy suggests that promoting connectedness could benefit the development of self-efficacy and preparedness for clinical practice. By reliably measuring connectedness using the validated CCCI, universities can identify students who may need support, evaluate interventions, and optimize learning environments for postgraduate health science students.
Refining the Impact of Quantum Noise: From Chaotic Effects to Contribution in Randomness Generation
Authors: Biswas Rounak , Roy Utpal
Published: December 2024

Quantum noise, typically considered an obstacle in quantum computing, provides novel prospects in random number generation. This research investigates the possibility of several forms of quantum noise as significant resources for producing high-quality randomness. The study employed simulations of random quantum circuits to examine the effects of bit-flips, phase-flips, and depolarizing noise at different intensities. We conducted the simulations in a controlled setting using the Qiskit Aer simulator, which we selected for its ability to accurately mimic noise effects and replicate the behaviour of actual quantum gear. The research indicated that bit-flip and depolarizing noise consistently produced more significant amounts of unpredictability than phase-flip and noiseless circuits. Applying the produced binary sequences to the NIST Statistical Test Suite corroborated the discovery, confirming their superior quality and appropriateness for applications requiring random numbers. The study suggests that we can efficiently use quantum noise to create safe randomness, which offers significant benefits for encryption, simulations, and other domains that demand genuine unpredictability.
LUNG-GPT: Lung sound analysis with LLM-Based model
Authors: Islam Tasnim
Published: December 2024

Lung diseases, such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), are becoming increasingly prevalent due to environmental pollution and unhealthy lifestyle choices, posing significant challenges for real-time monitoring and diagnosis. This study introduces Lung-GPT, a Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT)-based model designed to analyze lung sounds collected from digital stethoscopes. Using data from the ICBHI challenge dataset and real-time measurements from the WEARME device, the model provides a comprehensive approach to disease classification and symptom detection. Key contributions of this research include the development of a Large Language Model (LLM)-based classifier capable of distinguishing between COPD, healthy, and other lung conditions, as well as segmentation models designed to detect and quantify wheezes and crackles in lung sound data. These models are further integrated with the WEARME device, enabling real-time detection and analysis of respiratory anomalies. The Lung-GPT model demonstrated robust performance, achieving a classification accuracy of up to 92% for COPD and effective segmentation outcomes. This work underscores the potential of transformer-based architectures in advancing lung sound analysis and monitoring solutions, with future improvements aimed at incorporating additional lung sound features for enhanced diagnostic precision.
LINGUAL MEANS AND TACTICS OF EXPRESSING SENSATIONALISM IN THE HEADLINES OF NEWS ARTICLES ON ECONOMIC SUBJECTS
Authors: Medvid Olena , Stetsenko Oksana , Azimova Olena
Published: December 2024

The article investigates lingual means and tactics used in economic news headlines. This research highlights the relevanceof studying the role of sensationalism in media discourse, as sensationalism is utilized not only to pique the interest of the media readership but also to manipulate public awareness, promote fake news and spread propaganda. Therefore, examining sensationalism as a pragmalinguistic tool contributes to its implementation and enables media specialists and readers to recognize manipulative techniques used in news articles, as well as to protect themselves from misinformation in the media.The materialof the study was news articles on economic topics from Internet publications: City A.M., The Telegraph, and The Guardian. The methodological baseof the research includes: methods of analysis and synthesis; method of sampling empirical material; descriptive method; linguistic analysis, in particular discursive, lexical-semantic and functional-stylistic; classification of pragmalingual means; the method of interpretive and textual analysis; as well as the method of generalization aimed at generalizing the obtained results. The following sensationalistic tactics employed in economic news headlines were singled out and analyzed:thetactic of influencing the reader’s emotional state, forward referencing, personalization, the listicle structure, and the “halo of mystery” tactic. The findings of the researchdemonstrate that lingual means are effective tools for capturing attention and enlarging readership. The research contributes to the fields ofpragmatics and media linguistics. The findings enhance our comprehension of how sensationalism shapes the public perception of economic events. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of headlines as key elements of news articles that influence readers’ interpretation of economic news content and shape their worldview.
Growth performance and rumen microbial loads of west african dwarf rams fed diet containing garlic (Allium sativum) meal
Authors: Jinadu Kabiru Babatunde , Adekanbi Oyefunke Abidemi , Abdulsalam Sherifdeen , Olayide Akingbade Aderemi , Abdulkabir Anif Olalekan , Adeleke Osinubi Aanuoluwapo , Akinwande Amos Adedayo , Omokafe Felix Emmanuel
Published: December 2024

The study investigated the effects of Garlic (Allium sativum) on growth performance and rumen microbial loads of West African Dwarf (WAD). Twenty-five (25) WAD rams with an average live weight of 17.38±0.04 kg were used in a completely randomized design for 16 weeks. Five concentrate diets containing varying levels (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 %) of Allium Sativum were formulated while Panicum maximum was fed as a basal diet. Rumen fluid was collected at the end of feeding trial to determine rumen microbial loads. Data collected were subjected to one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results showed the daily dry matter grass intake was found to be higher at 2 % inclusion level (348.51 g/day) and lowest at 0.5 % inclusion which were significantly affected (p<0.05) by inclusion levels of garlic meal. The best feed conversion ratio (FCR) was obtained (8.54) at 1 % inclusion compared to rams fed meal at 0 % which has 10.97 feed conversion ratio (FCR). The total bacterial values ranged from 2.87x107 cfu/ml to 4.47x107 cfu/ml in rams feed containing 1.0 % garlic meal which were significantly affected (p<0.05) by inclusion levels of garlic meal. The highest total protozoan counts 5.00x105 cfu/ml was obtained with rams fed diets containing 1.0 % garlic meal while the lowest total protozoan count 2.67x105 cfu/ml was recorded with diets containing 0.0 % garlic meal which was significantly affected (p<0.05) by inclusion levels. It was therefore concluded that Allium sativum meal can be incorporated into the diets of rams at 1 % for effective rumen fermentation and better nutrient utilization of West African Dwarf rams without any adverse effects on the health status of experimental rams
OPTIMIZATION OF WOOD CARBONIZATION: NUMERICAL MODELING
Authors:   Laboratory of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics of the National University of Sciences, Technologies, Engineering and Mathematics of Abomey (INSTI/UNSTIM), Cotonou-Benin., Nestor Agbossaga Badoussi Houénagnon , Jean-Louis Fannou Comlan ,   Laboratory of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics of the National University of Sciences, Technologies, Engineering and Mathematics of Abomey (INSTI/UNSTIM), Cotonou-Benin., Gildas Farid Adamon David ,   Department of Energy, National Higher Institute of Industrial Technology of the National University of Sciences, Technologies, Engineering and Mathematics of Abomey (INSTI/UNSTIM), Cotonou-Benin., Agbomahena Macaire ,   Department of Mechanical Energy, Abomey-Calavi Polytechnic School of the University of Abomey-Calavi (EPAC/UAC), Cotonou-Benin., Roland Houessouvo Codjo ,   Laboratory of Electronics, Telecommunications and applied Computer Science /LETIA/Polytechnic School of Abomey Calavi/ EPAC
Published: December 2024

In the face of the progressive depletion of fossil fuel resources, the increasing global energy demand, and the growing awareness of international leaders regarding the challenges of climate change, the search for alternatives, such as renewable energy sources, has become a priority in the 21st century. In this context, wood energy, particularly charcoal, holds significant interest and is the subject of numerous scientific studies aimed at optimizing its production process, known as carbonization or slow pyrolysis.Our objective is to optimize this wood carbonization process through numerical modeling. To conduct this study, bibliographic research was carried out on several online databases, such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, as well as other databases specialized in environmental sciences, to collect data related to the chosen model. The collected data was then analyzed using MATLAB software to perform numerical simulations, utilizing the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.The results obtained are consistent with the data available in the literature. The kinetic optimization approach, achieved by adjusting the implemented data to the rate constant to favor carbonization over gasification, led to key actions, detailed below. Furthermore, the optimization through numerical simulation of mass balance equations applied to the model allowed us to validate our data and define an optimal temperature range for carbonization, between 590 and 610 K, with a mass yield evaluated at 66%.
3D PRINTING IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
Authors: Roymedhi Bhargab , Bhat Manohar , Khairwa Abhishek , Sharma Rajesh , Borah Bidisha , Sharma Diksha
Published: December 2024

Background: The emergence of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has brought about significant advancements in dentistry, particularly in pediatric dentistry. Dentists are increasingly adopting digital approaches, moving away from traditional treatment methods towards fully digital treatment plans to enhance patient care.

Methods: 3D printers utilize computer-aided design (CAD) software or 3D scanners to produce physical representations of objects. Various technologies such as selective laser sintering (SLS), stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, and laminated object manufacturing are employed to print a range of dental products including individual impression trays, orthodontic models, gingiva masks, and prosthetics. These 3D printed products facilitate diagnostics, evaluation of maxillofacial growth, correction of facial asymmetry, and fabrication of aligners for children with malocclusions.

Results: The versatile applications of 3D printing in dentistry have enabled the development of novel and efficient manufacturing methods for dental products.

Conclusion: In conjunction with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM), intra-oral scanning, and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data, 3D printing has the potential to revolutionize pediatric dentistry. The future trajectory of 3D printing in dentistry will likely involve advancements in materials and technologies, indicating a promising future for this innovative technology in the field.
Student Evaluation of Disciplines: validation of a model for emergency teaching
Authors: Tischer Jacson Hordy , Vieira Kelmara Mendes , Klein Leander Luiz , Giacomelli Giana Silva
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to create a model for student evaluation of disciplines in the context of emergency education. Eighteen items on a Likert-type scale were developed. Expert validation, pre-test, exploratory stage, and confirmatory validation were used. The student evaluation scale is composed of two dimensions: teacher and discipline. The proposed application method aims to facilitate its use by researchers and managers of educational institutions, who may have feedback on the quality of the discipline, helping develop strategies for course improvement.
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Abnormal Uterine Bleeding According to the PALM-COEIN Classification
Authors: Bektas Onur , Bektas Kivilcim , Aydin Sirin , Dogan Durdag Gulsen , Celik Husnu
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) according to the PALM-COEIN classification.
STUDY DESIGN: Patients who underwent surgical intervention due to AUB were categorized according to the PALM-COEIN classification, and the pandemic period was compared with the pre-pandemic period.
RESULTS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) was observed. This was statistically shown to be due to ovulatory dysfunction and endometrial problems (with p-values of 0.033 and 0.024, respectively). No significant changes were detected in categories including polyp, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, malignancy, and iatrogenic causes (p>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: In the relationship between COVID-19, ovulatory dysfunction, and endometrial issues, several factors should be considered. These include direct inflammation of the ovarian and endometrial tissues, potential defects in endometrial repair mechanisms secondary to inflammation, changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, immunological effects of vaccination, systemic inflammatory responses affecting the ovary and endometrium, changes in inflammatory and immune mediators, and immune cell activation. Additionally, increased production of vasodilatory substances such as prostaglandin E2 and prostacyclin, decreased production of local vasoconstrictors like prostaglandin F2α and endothelin-1, as well as increased plasminogen activator activity leading to enhanced thrombolysis and disruptions in endometrial hemostatic mechanisms.
¿Cómo se crean normas relacionadas con Derechos Humanos, en escenarios jurídicos no estatales?
Authors: Isaza Gutiérrez Juan Pablo , Bermeo Álvarez Luis Fernando
Published: December 2024

Empresas privadas y ONGs hoy en día, crean normas relacionadas con Derecho Humanos. Estas, poco a poco, han ido configurando escenarios para tramitar conflictos relacionados con estos derechos, a nivel global, y, al mismo tiempo, estos coexisten con los sistemas jurídicos estatales.
En este contexto, este trabajo analiza la creación normativa de estos actores, en materia de Derechos Humanos, con el fin de comprender mejor este fenómeno jurídico.
Para ello, se presentan los resultados de una investigación que seleccionó una muestra de seis casos, relacionados con estos escenarios. Que son: a) Estándares privados globales, b) Códigos de conducta privados globales, c) Contratación transnacional global, d) WHOIS, e) Programa de resolución de controversias de ICANN y f) la Resolución de controversias en plataformas virtuales.
Climate Collapse and the Rise of the Posthuman: A Study on Karen Malpede’s Other Than We: A Cli-Fi Fable
Authors:   School of Humanities, Social Sciences and Management, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Pal Supthita , Pannikot Dhishna
Published: December 2024

As a reaction to the excessive human centrism of the Anthropocene era, posthumanism comes into force to redefine the age-old binaries of nature and culture, and the human and the nonhuman. Eco-conscious authors strive hard to register their responses to the issues of contemporary ecological crises and the anthropogenic ruptures of nature’s equilibrium. Considering the major role of ecological plays in addressing this current issue, the present paper undertakes a textual analysis of the contemporary American playwright-activist Karen Malpede’s ecological play, Other Than We (2019). The text tries to navigate how the technology-driven human narrows down the earth’s ecosystem to a dystopian dome. The playwright depicts how four nonconformists try to adapt to the prevailing adverse atmosphere by resorting to the age-old idea of turning back to nature. It is evident in the text that to restore the lost natural order of environment and social structure, the characters pin hope on their newly born, the Post-Homo Sapiens species, the eponymous “other-than-human” creatures. Using the text under consideration, the paper studies human-technology intervention and its impact on the women subjected to deplorable conditions in the dome. This article aims to analyze the author’s resort to the post-human perspective as a strategy to challenge prevailing anthropocentrism in the contemporary world.