bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poststroke spasticitas – mit tegyünk vele?
Authors: Gárdián Gabriella
Published: May 2024

A jelen összefoglaló célja a spasticitassal kapcsolatos tudatosság növelése az alapellátásban és a járóbeteg-szakrendeléseken, ugyanis ennek révén koordinált segítséget nyújthatunk az érintetteknek. Mivel a spasticitas patomechanizmusa nem minden részletében tisztázott, és ráadásul kü­lön­böző szintű bizonyítékokkal igazolt kezelési módok közül kellene kiválasztani a megfelelőt, ezért ez a választás kihívás elé állíthatja nemcsak a háziorvosokat, hanem a neurológus és rehabilitációs szakorvosokat is.
Ritka klinikai kép a mikroszkóp alatt
Authors: Dömötör Marcell , Csősz Judit , Kocsis Lajos , Török László , Oroján Iván
Published: May 2024

A szerzők egy 60 éves, malignus alapbetegséggel diagnosztizált férfi beteg esetét mutatják be, akinek immun- és kemoterápiás kezelését követően testszerte, kifejezetten a hajas fejbőrön, acralisan, és a törzsön jelentkeztek fehéres-szürke crustosus plakkok, testszerte lemezes hámlás kíséretében.
A retrospective study of the relationship between the presence of complaints and the identified pathological changes in the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Marfina A. A. , Voloshina E. P. , Molgachev A. A.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. In the practice of an orthodontist, diseases of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are an urgent problem due to their widespread, diverse clinical manifestations.

Goal. To study the relationship between the identified anatomical and functional disorders of the TMJ, as risk factors for complications during orthodontic treatment, and the presence of characteristic complaints in the structure of pathological changes in the TMJ.

Materials and methods. According to the type of organization and the ratio of data collection time, the scientific study belonged to a longitudinal retrospective study, according to the type of observation: case-control. A retrospective analysis of 102 outpatient medical records of patients who sought medical help from an orthodontist at a dental clinic was carried out. The criterion for inclusion in the study was the presence of a newly diagnosed disease of the temporomandibular joint, mandatory radiological diagnostic methods. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the TMJ in the patient who sought medical help was used as a radiation diagnosis. As part of the scientific study, the structure of pathological changes in the TMJ was analyzed, the relationship between the presence of complaints and the revealed pathology was studied.

Results. The analysis of the data showed that the MR examination of the TMJ reveals pathological changes in patients who sought orthodontic care, both with complaints and with an asymptomatic course of diseases. Data analysis did not show a statistically significant relationship between the presence of complaints and the revealed pathology in the case of degenerative (χ2 = 0.123; p > 0.05), inflammatory changes in the TMJ (χ2 = 0.123; p > 0.05) and pathological disorders of the masticatory muscles (F = 0.704; p > 0.05). The relationship is statistically significant, but weak for ventral dislocation without reposition (p < 0.05; φ = 0.107) and the dorsal arrangement of the disc (p < 0.05; φ = 0.101). In the case of ventral dislocation of the articular disc with the reposition, the relationship is statistically significant, of medium strength (p < 0.05; φ = 0.284).

Conclusions. The results of a retrospective analysis of medical documentation confirm the need for instrumental research methods for all patients, regardless of whether they have any complaints at the stage of determining the optimal tactics of orthodontic intervention to obtain diagnostic information on the state of the TMJ in order to prevent the risks of complications during orthodontic treatment.
Evaluation of the dynamics of oral pathogenic microbiota in COVID-19 patients by genomic sequencing after application of foam with antimicrobial action
Authors: Yanushevich O. O. , Krikheli N. I. , Maev I. V. , Zaborovsky A. V. , Levchenko O. V. , Galeeva Yu. S. , Starikova E. V. , Andreev D. N. , Bely P. A. , Sokolov F. S. , Fomenko A. K. , Tsaregorodtsev S. V. , Andreev N. G. , Evdokimov V. V. , Devkota M. K. , Kebina A. L. , Ilyina E. N. , Govorun V. M. , Rudneva O. V.
Published: May 2024

Relevance. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has demonstrated the critical importance of understanding the mechanisms of transmission and finding effective methods of prevention. Particular attention has been paid to the role of oral hygiene, as the oral cavity serves as a major route of transmission. Studies show that the composition of the oral microbiota can influence the course and outcome of COVID-19 disease. Therefore, there is a need to study the effects of oral antiseptics on the microbiome, which may offer new opportunities for the prevention and treatment of this disease.

Objective. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the oral cleansing foam «Parodontol PROF» in reducing the pathogenic microflora of the oral cavity in patients with COVID-19 and to assess its effect on the risk of secondary infections.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Clinical Medical Centre «Kuskovo» of Russian University of Medicine. It included 450 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. The participants were divided into two groups: the test group used oral cleansing foam, while the control group used no additional oral hygiene. Comparative analyses of the taxonomic composition of the oropharyngeal microbiota and dental plaque before and after the use of the cleansing foam were performed.

Results. The study showed that patients who regularly used the cleansing foam «Parodontol PROF» had a significant decrease in the representation of pathogens, including Mycoplasma, and an increase in the number of beneficial commensals such as Lactococcus and Lactobacillus. These changes indicate the potential efficacy of this product to improve oral hygiene and reduce the risk of secondary infections.

Conclusion. The study supports the hypothesis that improving oral hygiene with specialised antiseptic agents, such as a cleansing foam, may help to reduce pathogenic microflora in the oral cavity in patients with COVID-19. This, in turn, may reduce the risk of pathogen migration into the lower respiratory tract and the development of secondary infections. The findings emphasise the importance of further research in this area and the development of comprehensive approaches to oral hygiene management in the context of infectious diseases.
Contact allergy to the toothpastes ingredients: systematic literature review
Authors: Kondratenko I. D. , Nikolskaia I. A. , Mikhailova E. G. , Ogloblin A. A. , Kuliev R. M. , Musina E. M.
Published: May 2024

A review of modern Russian and foreign, mainly English, literature on the topic of contact allergy to toothpaste ingredients is carried out. During the systematic review, literature data on the composition of toothpastes are analyzed, the most common allergens are identified, and the clinical picture of contact allergy to toothpaste ingredients is described. It is shown that the most common allergens in toothpastes are fragrances. In addition, potential allergens are cocamidopropyl betaine, propylene glycol, essential oils, parabens and propolis.
Enflasyon ve döviz kuru etkisi altında kamu harcamaları ve dış borç ilişkisi: Türkiye için simetrik ve asimetrik nedensellik analizi
Authors: Çadırcı Çiğdem , Kaya Levent
Published: May 2024

Kamu harcamaları ve dış borçlanma, bir ülkenin ekonomisi ve genel finansal istikrarı üzerinde önemli etkisi olan, birbiriyle bağlantılı iki kavramdır. Kamu harcamaları ile dış borç arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi, hem bir ülkenin ekonomik istikrarının anlaşılması hem de aşırı harcama ve borçlanmanın potansiyel risklerini ve sonuçlarını anlamamız açısından çok önemlidir. Ayrıca kamu harcamaları ile dış borç ilişkisi incelenirken finansal faktörlerin etkisi de dikkate alınmalıdır. Çalışmada Türkiye’de 2006-2023 yıllarına ait çeyreklik verilerle kamu harcamaları ve dış borç ilişkisi ekonometrik yöntemler kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Fiyat ve parasal etkileri ölçmek için enflasyon ve döviz kurunun da dahil edildiği analizlerden elde edilen sonuçlara göre değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Hem simetrik hem de asimetrik nedensellik testlerine göre kamu harcamaları ile dış borç arasında bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilememiştir. Çalışmada Türkiye’de enflasyon ve döviz kuru faktörlerinin, kamu harcamaları ve dış borçlanmada etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular, mali disiplinin iyi yönetilebilmesi için fiyat ve döviz kuru dalgalanmalarından kaynaklı etkilerin göz ardı edilmemesi gerektiğini göstermiştir.
Proposing planetary education – Biodesign as an inclusive and empowering pedagogy in a more-than-human world
Authors: Treichl Paul
Published: May 2024

Drawing from previous research on Biodesign as a tool for effective science communication, this study expands upon the concept, positioning Biodesign as a pedagogical approach for holistic education. This project advocates and argues for the establishment of a novel pedagogy with biodesign principles as a transformative approach at its core. In the current climate, both atmospheric and social, traditional educational paradigms fall short in fostering citizens of more-than-human futures. The planetary education pedagogy with a practical curriculum integrates science, ethics, creativity, mathematics, and social sciences rather than fragmented subjects. Lessons are structured around living organisms, fostering ecological literacy, creativity, and ethical engagement. The methodological framework takes inspiration from hands-on educational typologies such as constructionism, STEAM and Maker Education, or forest schools and combines them with abolitionist teachings and storytelling concepts. Thus, it challenges current structures and emphasises interconnectedness and experiential learning. Concepts like peer-to-peer teaching, repetition, and embedding culture foster a collaborative and inclusive learning environment. Furthermore, the model allows for iterative improvement of teaching practices, changing the way we assess students, adaptation to local ecosystems, and amplification of marginalised voices in education. In context, this research reframes the question from "How do we grow a biodesigner?" to "“How do we make the values, principles and arguments of and for biodesign intrinsic and natural, rather than the novel exception?”, offering a convincing vision for the future of education, emphasising regeneration, interdisciplinary learning, and social justice.
Пропаганда Галлієна в контексті легітимації імператорської влади
Authors: Червонюк Тимофій
Published: May 2024

Метою статті є дослідження пропаганди Галлієна в період 260-268 років та аналіз її впливу на владу імператора. Після захоплення в перський полон у битві біля Едеси імператора Валеріана, Галлієн став одноосібним правителем Римської імперії. В цей час держава зазнає поразки від військ шахиншаха Шапура І та потерпає від набігів варварів. До цього додаються узурпації та заколоти проти імператора. Внаслідок однієї з таких узурпацій під проводом Постума, Галлієн втрачає фактичний контроль над значною частиною імперії. Така хитка політична ситуація на початку правління змушує Галлієна вдаватися до пропаганди в якості інструменту зміцнення своєї одноосібної влади. Використовуючи монети – своєрідні засоби масової інформації доби античності, та написи на них, імператор намагався надати певний образ собі та своєму правлінню. Упродовж років пропаганда Галлієна змінювалася в залежності від наявної політичної обстановки, адаптуючись до нових реалій. Пропаганда була лише складовою системи легітимації влади Галлієна, однак її успішність, у тому числі, дозволила імператору залишатися на політичній вершині в буремний для Римської імперії час.
Візуалізація образів української історіографії у публічному дискурсі ХІХ cт.: «відсутні патріархи» очима М. Грушевського
Authors: Ващенко Володимир , Бандура Юрій
Published: May 2024

У статті досліджуються механізми формування М. Грушевським своєрідного «музею образів», в уявному символічному просторі якого визначалося місце «патріархів» української культури ХІХ ст. Цей «музей» зберігав пам’ять історика про візуальні портрети тих значущих інших, з якими була пов’язана його генеалогія — як реальна, так і символічна. Аналітичною основою дослідження «музею образів» М. Грушевського є постструктуралістська інтерпретація знакової статті 1902 року – «Друга вистава образів Ів[ана] Труша». Поява цього тексту М. Грушевського тлумачиться як результат «роботи скорботи» історика за втраченим батьком – Сергієм Грушевським, котрий помер у 1901 р. Відповідником мертвого батька в реальній генеалогії М. Грушевського став образ «патріарха» І. Нечуя-Левицького, з фігурою якого була пов’язана символічна генеалогія історика: саме цей знаковий український письменник ввів у поле белетристичного письма гімназиста Михайла. Й саме відсутній на виставці І. Труша портрет І. Нечуя-Левицького викликав почуття суму – проєкцію скорботи за втраченим батьком у річницю його смерті. Натомість присутній на виставці І. Труша образ «патріарха» В. Антоновича, з іменем якого в українській історіографічній традиції, зазвичай, пов’язують постать М. Грушевського, естетично оцінювався останнім як «дешева ілюзія життя».
Стратегеми українських і російських військ під час боїв на Чернігівщині (лютий – квітень 2022 р.)
Authors: Задунайський Вадим
Published: May 2024

Сили оборони України боронили Чернігівщину з 24 лютого – до 6 квітня 2022 р. Під час бойових зіткнень Збройні Сили України успішно використали військові хитрощі (стратегеми). Під час їх класифікації використано авторський підхід, розроблений у попередніх публікаціях (на основі дослідження особливостей воєнного мистецтва козаків та їх спадкоємців часів Української революції 1917-1921 рр., а також під час аналізу бойових дій на Харківщині, Сумщині та Миколаївщині весною 2022 р.). Українські війська у боях на Чернігівщині набагато успішніше застосовували військові хитрощі, ніж російські війська. Гадаємо, що однією з причин такого успіху є позитивний вплив самобутньої козацької спадщини. Сучасні українські воїни використовували військові хитрощі за прикладом козаків XVI-XІХ ст. та українських воїнів 1917-1921 рр.
Загалом Сили оборони України успішно застосували 9 стратегем, серед яких особливо ефективними були 5: «Заскочити» (несподівана атака), «Руйнація запілля» (руйнування тилових баз противника), «Бий у пику – ноги самі впадуть» (удар у найважливіше місце ворога), «Шарпанина» (короткі атаки на широкому фронті) та «На всі боки» (одночасне ведення боїв на різних ділянках фронту). Російські війська спробували використати 8 стратегем, але більшість з них виявилась малоефективною. Сили оборони України в боях за Чернігівщину підтвердили високий рівень воєнного мистецтва, зокрема й щодо використання стратегем. І це сприяло швидкому звільненню тимчасово окупованих російськими військами територій Чернігівської області та сусідніх регіонів України.
Побут вихованців Київської духовної семінарії у першій половині ХІХ ст.
Authors: Тацієнко Віталій
Published: May 2024

У статті зроблено спробу показати побут вихованців Київської духовної семінарії у першій половині ХІХ ст., зокрема: житлові умови, харчування, одяг. Семінаристи, які перебували на повному, або половинному утриманні, проживали у гуртожитках. Своєкоштні вихованці, з огляду на нестачу місць – в орендованому житлі. Харчування було недостатнім та одноманітним. Через нестачу фінансування норми семінарського статуту щодо забезпечення семінаристів одягом виконувалися не повністю. Зокрема, вихованці не отримували верхній одяг. У перші роки існування семінарії складним питанням залишалося забезпечення вихованців визначеними статутом ліжками та постільною білизною, проте з часом ситуація із фінансуванням покращилася.
Матеріали архівних фондів ЦДІАК України як джерело з історії Києво-Видубицького Михайлівського чоловічого монастиря ХІХ – початку ХХ ст.
Authors: Чучалін Олександр
Published: May 2024

Статтю присвячено огляду корпусу джерел архівних фондів ЦДІАК України, пов’язаних з історією Києво-Видубицького Михайлівського чоловічого монастиря – відомого духовного центру ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. Автором згруповано та проаналізовано матеріали архівних фондів, охарактеризовано їх інформаційний потенціал. Встановлено, що у монастирській діловодній документації зафіксовані земельні володіння обителі, її доходні та витратні сторони, зміни у майновому стані, побудова культових і господарських споруд, організація благодійницької та просвітницької діяльності.
Завданнями статті є не лише дати характеристику наявним архівним джерелам з історії монастиря, а й визначити ключові напрями можливих досліджень минулого обителі для майбутніх дослідників. Основну увагу приділено саме писемним джерелам, сконцентрованим в окремому фонді ЦДІАК України.
Aprendizagem da Álgebra nos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Freitas de Vargas Rafaella , Höpner Noguti Fabiane Cristina
Published: May 2024

O presente trabalho, de abordagem qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico, tem como objetivo apresentar o levantamento de descrições e informações de pesquisas acadêmicas produzidas no Brasil, a partir de um mapeamento, cuja temática envolve o processo de aprendizagem da Álgebra nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Primeiramente o corpus de análise constituía-se de 497 pesquisas obtidas, em meio digital, nas seguintes plataformas: Catálogos de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior e Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações, através de uma busca, em ambos os sites, utilizando-se como descritores: “matemática” AND “ensino fundamental” AND “álgebra”. Com o intuito de limitar a busca e selecionar de dez a doze trabalhos, foi necessário criar critérios de seleção. Após o refinamento, o corpus de análise constituiu-se de dez pesquisas, uma tese de doutorado e nove dissertações de mestrado. Desta forma, para compor os dados de análises, cada trabalho foi fichado, tendo como base, o resumo e os dados bibliográficos. As pesquisas mapeadas abordam a preocupação dos autores com a aprendizagem dos estudantes em Álgebra. Em virtude disso, com o apoio de diferentes metodologias, os autores, buscaram evidenciar algumas dificuldades dos alunos em construir conhecimentos algébricos. Com isso, como resultados, as pesquisas apontam, por exemplo, as dificuldades dos alunos em se desprender do pensamento aritmético, dificuldades na utilização correta da linguagem e simbologia algébrica assim como, demonstram apresentar noções algébricas, mas apresentam dificuldades para representá-la em linguagem algébrica.
Formação e Docência sob o olhar de egressos de um curso de Matemática
Authors: Fillos Leoni Malinoski , De Andrade Taglia Sanhjy Ferreira , Bonete Izabel Passos
Published: May 2024

Estudos realizados com egressos do Ensino Superior representam um importante instrumento de avaliação de um curso, pois fornecem informações para o redimensionamento das ações previstas no Projeto Pedagógico, permitindo, ainda, avaliar o grau de inserção da instituição acadêmica na sociedade. Nesta perspectiva, este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo compreender aspectos estruturais e formativos do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática, a partir das percepções de seus egressos, concluintes desde a primeira turma. De forma específica, buscou-se conhecer o perfil socioeconômico dos estudantes que concluíram o curso, as dificuldades encontradas no percurso acadêmico, as dimensões da formação pedagógica e específica e as oportunidades advindas da formação obtida. Trata-se de um estudo quali-quantitativo, com objetivo explicativo, cuja produção de dados se deu a partir de um relatório da Divisão de Apoio Acadêmico da instituição e de um questionário eletrônico enviado a todos os egressos do curso, turmas formadas entre 2009 a 2021. O estudo permitiu compreender as motivações para a realização do curso de Matemática, o perfil dos egressos, os obstáculos no processo formativo e de inserção na profissão, bem como os interesses e expectativas em relação à carreira docente.
Pensamento Crítico e Criativo no contexto de uma oficina de Geometria
Authors: Barros Renata Camargo dos Passos , Dos Santos Oliveira Cristiane , Padilha dos Santos Luan , Moran Mariana
Published: May 2024

Este estudo de natureza qualitativa teve o objetivo de analisar possíveis indícios do Pensamento crítico e criativo em matemática nas resoluções de tarefas de Geometria. A coleta de dados foi realizada durante uma oficina no evento “VI Ágora Matemática”, promovido pela Universidade Estadual do Paraná - UNESPAR. A oficina teve o intuito de explorar questões de Geometria referentes ao 5º e 6º anos da 1ª edição da Prova Paraná, no ano de 2022.  Os participantes da oficina foram quinze estudantes do curso de Formação de Docentes de um colégio da cidade de Campo Mourão, PR. Neste estudo foram analisadas as resoluções das tarefas registradas por meio de imagens, relatos dos participantes e um questionário. Os resultados apontam indícios sobre a relevância de oportunizar espaços formativos com temáticas específicas da matemática, para que futuros professores tenham a possibilidade de explorar intervenções didáticas em que possam mobilizar o Pensamento crítico e criativo em suas aulas.
Experiências Lúdicas para a Aprendizagem em Operações Matemáticas:
Authors: Adson Martins Furtado Paulo , Serrão Ferreira Sileide , Rodrigues-Moura Sebastião
Published: May 2024

Nesta investigação, buscamos compreender as práticas pedagógicas lúdicas desenvolvidas por um professor ao ensinar operações matemáticas ao tempo em que propicia a aprendizagem dos estudantes. Desta forma, a pesquisa é constituída pelos caminhos metodológicos da pesquisa qualitativa e de pesquisa de campo, na modalidade narrativa, com um professor que atua junto ao 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental na rede municipal de educação do município de Ponta de Pedras, Marajó, Pará, por meio de uma entrevista narrativa. Os dados obtidos na entrevista foram tratados à luz da Análise Textual Discursiva – ATD, da qual emergiu dois eixos de análise, que evidenciam que o professor possui consciência da importância do lúdico como estratégias pedagógica junto ao ensino de Matemática acerca da utilização dos jogos matemáticos como ferramenta pedagógica e, em seu trabalho, desenvolve atividades pedagógicas que buscam facilitar o processo ensino-aprendizagem para, assim, contribuir a melhor compreensão dos conceitos matemáticos.
PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN EKONOMI ISTRI PETANI AREN MELALUI PEMBUATAN PERMEN SOBA DI DESA BUALEMO, KECAMATAN KWANDANG, KABUPATEN GORONTALO UTARA, PROVINSI GORONTALO
Authors: Azis Rosdiani , Staddal Ikrima , Murtaqy Arif
Published: May 2024

Desa Bualemo  yang letaknya di Gorontalo Utara memiliki 3 unit produksi aren yang siap diolah menjadi gula aren. Produksi gula aren setiap bulannya mencapai 600 kg. UKM Mohuyula yang khusus memproduksi permen yang terbuat dari gula aren. Permen yang bernama “permen soba” merupakan permen khas daerah Gorontalo yang terbuat dari gula aren dan santan sebagai bahan utamanya. Dalam perkembangan usahanya, UKM ini memiliki beberapa permasalahan diantaranya 1) wadah cetakan menggunakan pelepah pisang; 2) Proses pengolahan permen masih menggunakan cara  dan alat tradisional; 3) Kemasan yang digunakan tidak menarik; 4) Sistem pemasaran hanya dari mulut ke mulut.
                Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan dalam lima (5) tahap yakni: 1) penjelasan secara teori tentang permen soba yang memiliki kualitas yang terstandarisasi; 2) Praktek langsung  pembuatan permen dengan pendampingan dari  tim pengabdi POLIGON; 3) pelatihan pengemasan produk yang baik dan benar ; dan 4) pelatihan manajemen usaha dan pemasaran. Hasil kegiatan saat ini adalah Kegiatan sosialisasi tentang kualitas permen soba,  Praktek pembuatan permen soba dengan berbagai varian rasa;  jahe,kacang ,dan mete, telah dilakukan pengadaan mesin pengaduk permen kemudian desain kemasan juga sudah dibuat dan sudah diperbanyak. Dan dilakukan pelatihan manajemen usaha dan pemasaran kepada tim UKM agar menambah pengetahuan mereka dalam pengembangan usaha.
Daring, Pembelajaran, Perencanaan
Authors: Anggraini Lya Dewi , Dewi Yuli Kartika , Sutrisno Timotius Febry Christian Wahyu
Published: May 2024

Pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring memerlukan persiapan dan perencanaan yang lebih rumit dan melibatkan pengaturan waktu yang tepat dan ketat serta bantuan pengetahuan dan kemampuan memanfaatkan berbagai teknologi berbasis internet. Pelatihan penyusunan rencana pembelajaran daring oleh para guru SMA Kalam Kudus Surabaya bertujuan untuk memudahkan penggabungan antara pembelajaran sinkronis dan asinkronis berbasis learning management system yaitu Google Classroom dengan berbagai situs pembelajaran daring yang interaktif, seperti Kahoot, PearDeck, Mentimeter, PollEv, dan Padlet. Penyusunan modul dapat meningkatkan engagement siswa SMA secara sinkronis, dengan metode seperti game dengan membangkitkan adrenalin dan keinginan berkompetisi, sehingga siswa akan lebih merasa tertantang untuk mendapatkan reward sekaligus secara alamiah saling mendukung. Kegiatan asinkronis dapat direncanakan dengan melibatkan lingkungan tempat tinggal siswa masing-masing. Dengan memanfaatkan benda-benda fisik, orang, dan lingkungan terdekat, awareness dan kreativitas dalam pembelajaran formal sebagai bagian dari kehidupan nyata dapat lebih memberikan dampak positif. Para guru tidak merasa tergantung lagi dari gedung dan fasilitas sekolah yang terbatas sehingga pembelajaran akan jauh lebih menyenangkan dan dapat dinikmati selama masa pandemi ini.
Biomechanical analysis of a new cannulated screw for unstable femoral neck fractures
Authors: Chen Zhigang , Chen Feiyang , Xu Xinbao , Li Xin , Cui Haidong , Zhang Wen , Jiang Dong , Zhang Feixiang , Chen Yinbing , Zhou Shiran , Lyu Shujun
Published: May 2024

Background

The treatment of unstable femoral neck fractures (FNFs) remains a challenge. In this study, a new cannulated screw for unstable FNFs was designed to provide a new approach for the clinical treatment of these injuries, and its biomechanical stability was analyzed using finite element analysis and mechanical tests.

Methods

An unstable FNF model was established. An internal fixation model with parallel inverted triangular cannulated screws (CSs) and a configuration with two superior cannulated screws and one inferior new cannulated screw (NCS) were used. The biomechanical properties of the two fixation methods were compared and analyzed by using finite element analysis and mechanical tests.

Results

The NCS model outperformed the CSs model in terms of strain and stress distribution in computer-simulated reconstruction of the inverted triangular cannulated screw fixation model for unstable FNFs. In the biomechanical test, the NCS group showed significantly smaller average femoral deformation (1.08 ± 0.15 mm vs. 1.50 ± 0.37 mm) and fracture line displacement (1.43 ± 0.30 mm vs. 2.01 ± 0.47 mm). In the NCS group, the mean stiffness was significantly higher than that in the CSs group (729.37 ± 82.20 N/mm vs. 544.83 ± 116.07 N/mm), and the mean compression distance was significantly lower than that in the CSs group (2.87 ± 0.30 mm vs. 4.04 ± 1.09 mm).

Conclusion

The NCS combined with two ordinary cannulated screws in an inverted triangle structure to fix unstable FNFs can provide better biomechanical stability than CSs and exhibit a length- and angle-stable construct to prevent significant femoral neck shortening.
Assessment of chemotherapeutic effects on cancer cells using adhesion noise spectroscopy
Authors: Ell Maximilian , Bui Mai Thu , Kigili Seyda , Zeck Günther , Prado-López Sonia
Published: May 2024

With cancer as one of the leading causes of death worldwide, there is a need for the development of accurate, cost-effective, easy-to-use, and fast drug-testing assays. While the NCI 60 cell-line screening as the gold standard is based on a colorimetric assay, monitoring cells electrically constitutes a label-free and non-invasive tool to assess the cytotoxic effects of a chemotherapeutic treatment on cancer cells. For decades, impedance-based cellular assays extensively investigated various cell characteristics affected by drug treatment but lack spatiotemporal resolution. With progress in microelectrode fabrication, high-density Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)-based microelectrode arrays (MEAs) with subcellular resolution and time-continuous recording capability emerged as a potent alternative. In this article, we present a new cell adhesion noise (CAN)-based electrical imaging technique to expand CMOS MEA cell-biology applications: CAN spectroscopy enables drug screening quantification with single-cell spatial resolution. The chemotherapeutic agent 5-Fluorouracil exerts a cytotoxic effect on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells hampering cell proliferation and lowering cell viability. For proof-of-concept, we found sufficient accuracy and reproducibility for CAN spectroscopy compared to a commercially available standard colorimetric biological assay. This label-free, non-invasive, and fast electrical imaging technique complements standardized cancer screening methods with significant advances over established impedance-based approaches.
Microwave biosensor for the detection of growth inhibition of human liver cancer cells at different concentrations of chemotherapeutic drug
Authors: Zhao Jun-Ming , Wang Yi-Ke , Shi Bo-Wen , Wang Yan-Xiong , Jiang Yan-Feng , Yang Gang-Long , Gao Xiao-Dong , Qiang Tian
Published: May 2024

Cytotoxicity assays are crucial for assessing the efficacy of drugs in killing cancer cells and determining their potential therapeutic value. Measurement of the effect of drug concentration, which is an influence factor on cytotoxicity, is of great importance. This paper proposes a cytotoxicity assay using microwave sensors in an end-point approach based on the detection of the number of live cells for the first time. In contrast to optical methods like fluorescent labeling, this research uses a resonator-type microwave biosensor to evaluate the effects of drug concentrations on cytotoxicity by monitoring electrical parameter changes due to varying cell densities. Initially, the feasibility of treating cells with ultrapure water for cell counting by a microwave biosensor is confirmed. Subsequently, inhibition curves generated by both the CCK-8 method and the new microwave biosensor for various drug concentrations were compared and found to be congruent. This agreement supports the potential of microwave-based methods to quantify cell growth inhibition by drug concentrations.
Unravelling the acute respiratory infection landscape: virus type, viral load, health status and coinfection do matter
Authors: Petat Hortense , Corbet Sandrine , Leterrier Bryce , Vabret Astrid , Ar Gouilh Meriadeg
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the most common infections in the general population and are mainly caused by respiratory viruses. Detecting several viruses in a respiratory sample is common. To better understand these viral codetections and potential interferences, we tested for the presence of viruses and developed quantitative PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) for the viruses most prevalent in coinfections: human rhinovirus (HRV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and quantified their viral loads according to coinfections and health status, age, cellular abundance and other variables.

Materials and methods

Samples from two different cohorts were analyzed: one included hospitalized infants under 12 months of age with acute bronchiolitis (n=719) and the other primary care patients of all ages with symptoms of ARI (n=685). We performed Multiplex PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs, and quantitative PCR on samples positive for HRV or/and RSV to determine viral loads (VL). Cellular abundance (CA) was also estimated by qPCR targeting the GAPDH gene. Genotyping was performed either directly from first-line molecular panel or by PCR and sequencing for HRV.

Results

The risks of viral codetection were 4.1 (IC95[1.8; 10.0]) and 93.9 1 (IC95[48.7; 190.7]) higher in infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis than in infants in primary care for RSV and HRV respectively (p<0.001). CA was higher in samples positive for multiple viruses than in mono-infected or negative samples (p<0.001), and higher in samples positive for RSV (p<0.001) and HRV (p<0.001) than in negative samples. We found a positive correlation between CA and VL for both RSV and HRV. HRV VL was higher in children than in the elderly (p<0.05), but not RSV VL. HRV VL was higher when detected alone than in samples coinfected with RSV-A and with RSV-B. There was a significant increase of RSV-A VL when codetecting with HRV (p=0.001) and when co-detecting with RSV-B+HRV versus RSV-A+ RSV-B (p=0.02).

Conclusions

Many parameters influence the natural history of respiratory viral infections, and quantifying respiratory viral loads can help disentangle their contributions to viral outcome.
ECMO management for severe pulmonary embolism with concurrent cerebral hemorrhage: a case report
Authors: Xie Lutao , Lan Pin , Liu Mingjun , Zhou Kechun
Published: May 2024

Background

Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a common and potentially fatal cardiovascular disease that can lead to sudden cardiac arrest in severe cases. When conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation measures fail to achieve the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients with APE, venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) becomes a viable therapeutic option. As an advanced life support treatment, ECMO ensures the perfusion of critical organs, providing sufficient time for interventions necessary for ROSC.

Case introduction

We report the case of a patient who experienced cardiac arrest due to pulmonary embolism. During the treatment, the patient received two sessions of external cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) as supportive care and experienced cerebral hemorrhage. Ultimately, the patient improved and was discharged following support from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), careful anticoagulation strategies, and intervention with balloon pulmonary angioplasty.

Conclusion

ECMO can serve as an important life support technology for patients with severe APE. Through a cautious anticoagulation therapy, not only was the ECMO support successfully maintained but also was further deterioration of cerebral hemorrhage effectively prevented. For patients with concurrent main pulmonary artery embolism and bleeding, balloon pulmonary angioplasty may be an option.
Significant role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D on serum calcium levels after total thyroidectomy: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Yamashita Hiroyuki , Mori Yusuke , Sato Shinya , Shindo Hisakazu , Yoshimoto Kouichi , Tachibana Seigo , Fukuda Takashi , Takahashi Hiroshi
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Although active vitamin D (VD) has been used both preoperatively and postoperatively to prevent hypocalcemia risk in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy, the role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) has not been examined. This study comprehensively investigated the effects of 1,25(OH)2D on calcium (Ca) concentrations after total thyroidectomy.

Methods

Serum Ca, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and 1,25(OH)2D levels were measured in 82 patients with thyroid disease before and after surgery.

Results

Serum Ca, PTH, and 1,25(OH)2D levels decreased significantly on the morning of the first postoperative day. Notably, the decrease in 1,25(OH)2D concentration was significantly lower than that of PTH concentration (10.5 ± 33.4% vs. 52.1 ± 30.1%, p<0.0001), with 28% of patients showing increases in 1,25(OH)2D. The only factor predicting a postoperative 1,25(OH)2D decrease was a high preoperative 1,25(OH)2D concentration. Postoperative 1,25(OH)2D concentrations, as well as the magnitude and rate of decrease from preoperative levels, showed strong positive correlations with preoperative 1,25(OH)2D concentrations (p<0.0001 for all three variables) but not with PTH concentrations. These findings suggest that 1,25(OH)2D concentrations after thyroidectomy were more strongly dependent on preoperative concentrations than on the effect of PTH decrease and were relatively preserved, possibly preventing sudden severe postoperative hypocalcemia. A high 1,25(OH)2D level was the most important preoperative factor for hypocalcemia (<2 mmol/L; p<0.05) on the first postoperative day; however, only PTH decrease was statistically significant (p<0.001) when intraoperative factors were added. In the PTH >10 pg/mL group, the decrease in 1,25(OH)2D levels was significantly associated with postoperative hypocalcemia (p<0.05). Similarly, in the PTH levels >15 pg/mL group, a decrease in 1,25(OH)2D concentration was a significant factor, and the amount of PTH decrease was no longer significant.

Conclusion

1,25(OH)2D plays an important role in preventing sudden, severe hypocalcemia due to decreased PTH levels after total thyroidectomy, whereas high preoperative 1,25(OH)2D levels are a significant risk factor for postoperative hypocalcemia. Optimizing preoperative protocols to adjust Ca, PTH, and 1,25(OH)2D levels to improve the management of patients undergoing total thyroidectomy and to prevent extreme intraoperative PTH decreases may reduce the risk of hypocalcemia.
Vaccinium dwarf shrubs responses to experimental warming and herbivory resistance treatment are species- and context dependent
Authors: Hegland Stein Joar , Gillespie Mark A. K.
Published: May 2024

Climate change impacts on species and ecosystem functioning may depend on climatic context and study systems. Climate warming and intensified herbivory are two stressors to plants that often appear in combination and are predicted to increase in cold environments. Effects of multiple drivers on plant performance are difficult to predict and warrant studies that use experimental manipulations along climatic gradients to produce more realistic knowledge. Our three study sites by the Sognefjord in Norway, that differed mainly in climatic conditions (ca. 5°C growing season difference), ranged from hemi-boreal lowland (100 masl, Low), via boreal mid-montane (500 masl) to alpine timberline (900 masl, High) bioclimates. At each site, in a randomized block design, we simulated growing-season warming using open-top chambers (OTCs) and experimentally induced herbivory resistance using the plant hormone methyl jasmonate (MeJA). We recorded growth, mortality, flower and fruit numbers, and insect herbivory on tagged ramets in permanent plots across three years (2016-2018) in three open woodland populations of two functionally important plant species with contrasting traits, Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry) and V. vitis-idaea (lingonberry). Growth of both dwarf shrubs decreased with warming in the warm lowland populations (Low) but increased in the alpine populations (High). Shoot mortality increased most with warming at Low but was reduced at High. Reproduction, both flowering and fruiting, decreased with induced resistance treatment, but the effect was larger when warmed for bilberry and increased with elevation for both species. Leaf herbivory in bilberry increased with warming at Low but decreased at High. The combined warming and resistance treatment had only synergistic negative interaction effects on fruit numbers in bilberry. The clear context- and species-dependent effects of climate warming and increased resistance in this study may predict a potential decline in performance, as well as abundance and distribution, of these functionally important Vaccinium species at our lowest site. Bilberry reproduction appeared to be particularly susceptible to both climate warming and induced resistance in the manipulated populations. Such combined negative effects on plant performance are likely to have considerable knock-on effects via altered species’ interactions and ecosystem functioning.
Benthic macroinvertebrate response to estuarine emergent marsh restoration across a delta-wide environmental gradient
Authors: Rubin Stephen P. , Davis Melanie J. , Grossman Eric E. , Woo Isa , De La Cruz Susan E. W. , Nakai Glynnis , Takekawa John Y.
Published: May 2024

Benthic invertebrates play vital roles in estuarine ecosystems, but like other taxa they have been excluded from former marshlands by diking and land use conversion. Dike removal is one way of restoring marsh, but the response of benthic invertebrates has been little studied. Also understudied is variation in benthic invertebrate communities across entire deltas, particularly in the Pacific Northwest of North America where deltas receive high flows and sediment loads for their size. Our goals were to evaluate invertebrate response to large-scale dike removal on the Nisqually River Delta in Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A., characterize delta-wide invertebrate community variation, and relate invertebrate response and spatial variation to environmental conditions. We sampled invertebrates annually from one year before to three years after dike removal in restoring marsh, previously restored marsh, undisturbed reference marsh, and adjacent tidal flats. Marine taxa immediately colonized the area recently restored to tidal inundation and population size grew exponentially thereafter for several of them. Community composition and diversity recovered completely, and density and biomass were approaching recovery three years later. Invertebrate communities converged between restoring and pre-existing marsh (previously restored and reference), suggesting an influence of reestablished connectivity. Just offshore from the dike line, invertebrates declined one year after dike removal but then rebounded indicating resilience to short-term disturbance. Dike removal effects were not detected farther offshore. Near the offshore edge of the delta, invertebrate biomass and body size were greater than elsewhere and a diverse assemblage of crustaceans, polychaetes, and bivalves was present. Farther inshore, tidal flats were dominated by a few species of small-bodied polychaetes and had higher density but lower biomass and diversity. Facultative detritivores, which can also filter feed, were the dominant feeding guild everywhere on the tidal flats. Density, biomass, diversity, and community composition on the marsh were more similar to the inner than outer tidal flats. Environmental variables most associated with invertebrate community variation were elevation, salinity, and sediment grain size and organic content. Our results are relevant to assessing performance and setting expectations for future restorations and have broad implications for the role of benthic invertebrates in estuarine ecosystems.
MYLK*FLNB and DOCK1*LAMA2 gene–gene interactions associated with rheumatoid arthritis in the focal adhesion pathway
Authors: Veyssiere Maëva , Rodriguez Ordonez Maria del Pilar , Chalabi Smahane , Michou Laetitia , Cornelis François , Boland Anne , Olaso Robert , Deleuze Jean-François , Petit-Teixeira Elisabeth , Chaudru Valérie
Published: May 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Rare variants with low predicted effects in genes participating in the same biological function might be involved in developing complex diseases such as RA. From whole-exome sequencing (WES) data, we identified genes containing rare non-neutral variants with complete penetrance and no phenocopy in at least one of nine French multiplex families. Further enrichment analysis highlighted focal adhesion as the most significant pathway. We then tested if interactions between the genes participating in this function would increase or decrease the risk of developing RA disease. The model-based multifactor dimensionality reduction (MB-MDR) approach was used to detect epistasis in a discovery sample (19 RA cases and 11 healthy individuals from 9 families and 98 unrelated CEU controls from the International Genome Sample Resource). We identified 9 significant interactions involving 11 genes (MYLK, FLNB, DOCK1, LAMA2, RELN, PIP5K1C, TNC, PRKCA, VEGFB, ITGB5, and FLT1). One interaction (MYLK*FLNB) increasing RA risk and one interaction decreasing RA risk (DOCK1*LAMA2) were confirmed in a replication sample (200 unrelated RA cases and 91 GBR unrelated controls). Functional and genomic data in RA samples or relevant cell types argue the key role of these genes in RA.
Studying the cellular basis of small bowel enteropathy using high-parameter flow cytometry in mouse models of primary antibody deficiency
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed D. , Ball Ryan A. W. , Jolly Amy , Nagarkatti Prakash , Nagarkatti Mitzi , Kubinak Jason L.
Published: May 2024

Background

Primary immunodeficiencies are heritable defects in immune system function. Antibody deficiency is the most common form of primary immunodeficiency in humans, can be caused by abnormalities in both the development and activation of B cells, and may result from B-cell-intrinsic defects or defective responses by other cells relevant to humoral immunity. Inflammatory gastrointestinal complications are commonly observed in antibody-deficient patients, but the underlying immune mechanisms driving this are largely undefined.

Methods

In this study, several mouse strains reflecting a spectrum of primary antibody deficiency (IgA-/-, Aicda-/-, CD19-/- and JH-/-) were used to generate a functional small-bowel-specific cellular atlas using a novel high-parameter flow cytometry approach that allows for the enumeration of 59 unique cell subsets. Using this cellular atlas, we generated a direct and quantifiable estimate of immune dysregulation. This estimate was then used to identify specific immune factors most predictive of the severity of inflammatory disease of the small bowel (small bowel enteropathy).

Results

Results from our experiments indicate that the severity of primary antibody deficiency positively correlates with the degree of immune dysregulation that can be expected to develop in an individual. In the SI of mice, immune dysregulation is primarily explained by defective homeostatic responses in T cell and invariant natural killer-like T (iNKT) cell subsets. These defects are strongly correlated with abnormalities in the balance between protein (MHCII-mediated) versus lipid (CD1d-mediated) antigen presentation by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and intestinal stem cells (ISCs), respectively.

Conclusions

Multivariate statistical approaches can be used to obtain quantifiable estimates of immune dysregulation based on high-parameter flow cytometry readouts of immune function. Using one such estimate, we reveal a previously unrecognized tradeoff between iNKT cell activation and type 1 immunity that underlies disease in the small bowel. The balance between protein/lipid antigen presentation by ISCs may play a crucial role in regulating this balance and thereby suppressing inflammatory disease in the small bowel.