bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Recovery after Surgery in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhao Xizhen , Chen Lingmin , Huang Feiri , Huang Zhihong , Zhou Huijie
Published: March 2023

Objective: Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) protocol has been developed and practiced for various surgical procedures to improve outcomes in the postoperative period. We hereby present our experience of ERAS for a large cohort of patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA).

Methods: We implemented the ERAS program at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University from January 2020 and retrospectively compared outcomes of patients undergoing total knee or hip arthroplasty before and after the implementation of the program. ERAS protocol consisted of the use of patient education, blood management, multimodal analgesia, antiemetics, shorter fasting time, no patient-controlled analgesia, early physical therapy, and reduced use of catheters and drains.

Results: There were 94 patients in the study group (ERAS) and 113 patients in the control group (non-ERAS). We noted a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of postoperative nausea/vomiting, lowered pain scores, reduced length of hospital stay and better functional outcomes with both total knee and hip arthroplasties in our study cohort.

Conclusion: ERAS protocol can bae effectively implemented for patients undergoing TJA. The use of ERAS leads to better postoperative outcomes and shortened hospital stay.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7169

How to cite this: Zhao X, Chen L, Huang F, Huang Z, Zhou H. Enhanced Recovery after Surgery in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty: A retrospective study. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(3):644-649. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7169

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Influencing factors of dexmedetomidine on postoperative myocardial protection in patients with Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery lobectomy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Hua , Liu Ji , Li Chun , Shi Hong
Published: March 2023

Objective: To investigate factors affecting the cardioprotective proprieties of dexmedetomidine in patients after pulmonary lobectomy.

Methods: The data of 504 patients who received dexmedetomidine combined with general anesthesia and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy in Shanghai Lung Hospital from April 2018 to April 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into normal troponin group (LTG) and high troponin group (HTG) according to whether the postoperative troponin level was greater than 13. Ratio of systolic blood pressure greater than 180, heart rate greater than 110, the dose of dopamine and other drugs, the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes, postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) pain score and hospital stay were compared between the two groups.

Results: Preoperative systolic blood pressure, intraoperative maximum systolic blood pressure, intraoperative maximum heart rate, intraoperative minimum heart rate and N-terminal pro hormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) correlated with troponin values. The proportion of patients with systolic blood pressure greater than 180 in the HTG was higher than that in the LTG (p=0.0068), and the proportion of patients with heart rate greater than 110 was significantly higher in the HTG compared to the LTG (p=0.044). The ratio of neutrophils/lymphocytes in the LTG was lower than that in the HTG (P<0.001). At 24 and 48 hours after operation, the VAS score in the LTG was lower than that in the HTG. Patients with high troponin had longer hospital stay.

Conclusions: Intraoperative systolic blood pressure, maximum heart rate, and postoperative neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio are important factors that affect the myocardial protection properties of dexmedetomidine and may affect the postoperative analgesia effect and the length of hospital stay.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7594

How to cite this: Li H, Liu J, Li C, Shi H. Influencing factors of dexmedetomidine on postoperative myocardial protection in patients with Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery lobectomy: A retrospective cohort study. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(3):650-655.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7594

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Risk factors of newly detected and masked untreated hypertension in a South Asian population of Type-2 diabetes patients
Authors: Saeed Sahrai , Ali Abukar Mohamed , Mahmoud Muhiddin Abdi , Nilsson Peter M.
Published: March 2023

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7666

How to cite this: Saeed S, Ali AM, Mahmoud MA, Nilsson PM. Risk factors of newly detected and masked untreated hypertension in a South Asian population of Type-2 diabetes patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(3):631-633. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7666

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparative study of the effects of fresh and canned Naftussya bioactive water on neuro-endocrine-immune complex and metabolism in chronic pyelonephritis patients
Authors: Popovych Andriy , Popovych Dariya , Ruzhylo Sofiya , Zakalyak Nataliya , Zukow Xawery , Shypytiak Yevstakhii , Fil Vitalij
Published: March 2023

Background. There are several patented methods of preservation of medicinal waters of the Naftussya type. The authors of the patents as evidence of the correctness of the methods cite the facts of preservation of the ability of canned water to enhance motility rat’s v. portae in vitro and/or increase diuresis. However, such tests are not attributive. The most characteristic manifestation of the biological activity of Naftussya water is the stimulation of phagocytosis through the mediation of the nervous and endocrine systems. Another "Method of preservation of hydrogen sulfide mineral waters" was recently patented. The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of fresh and canned by this method Naftussya water on its targets in patients with chronic pyelonephritis. Materials and Methods. The object of clinical-physiological observation were residents of the city of Truskavets’ (21 men aged 24-67 years and 8 women 33-76 years) with chronic pyelonephritis in remission. The subject of the study were the phagocytic function of neutrophils, excretory function of kidneys, leukocyturia and bacteriuria levels, components of microbiota of feces as well as HRV and endocrine parameters. Results. Weekly use of fresh Naftussya water causes an increase in the reduced content of probiotics in the microbiota and a decrease in the increased content of conditionally pathogenic microflora, which is accompanied by an increase in reduced bactericidal capacity of neutrophils against both E. coli and Staph. aureus, normal diuresis, phosphaturia, magnesiumuria, ureauria while reduction of bacteriuria and leveling of leukocyturia as well as decrease in concentration of uric acid in urine and creatinine and cholesterol in plasma. Favorable changes in neuro-endocrine regulation were revealed. The beneficial effect on the listed parameters of canned Naftussya water is less pronounced, but the differences are statistically insignificant. Conclusion. The obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the Dovzhenko© method for Naftusya water conservation and provide grounds for continuing research into the effects of canned Naftusya water on the body of urological patients.
Perceção de risco e comportamentos de proteção face à COVID-19 em estudantes do ensino superior: O papel mediador do medo
Authors: Köster Michael , Cunha Ana Isabel , Costa Vítor , Alves Marta Pereira
Published: March 2023

O estudo tem como objetivo descrever os comportamentos de proteção adotados por estudantes portugueses do ensino superior durante a pandemia e analisar a sua relação com a percepção de risco e o papel mediador do medo face à COVID-19. Participaram 335 estudantes com idades entre os 18 e os 29 anos (m = 21.42; dp = 2.43). Os participantes preencheram um inquérito sobre os comportamentos de proteção (i.e., preventivos e de evitamento), a percepção de risco e o medo face à COVID-19. Os resultados demonstraram que os comportamentos preventivos mais utilizados foram a lavagem/desinfecção das mãos ao longo do dia e o uso de máscara na via pública ou espaços exteriores. Os comportamentos de evitamento mais adotados foram o de evitar locais com aglomeração e os convívios presenciais com colegas/amigos. Verificou-se uma associação positiva entre os comportamentos de proteção, a percepção de gravidade e o medo face à covid-19. O medo face à covid-19 foi mediador da relação entre a percepção de gravidade e os comportamentos preventivos (c’ = .26, ic 95% [.11; .44]) e de evitamento (c’ = .28, ic 95% [.12; .50]). Os resultados são discutidos atendendo ao papel da percepção de risco e do medo nas respostas comportamentais dos jovens, num contexto de pandemia, sendo apresentadas implicações práticas e sugestões para estudos futuros.
Espiritualidade de pessoas vivendo com HIV/SIDA e suas representações sociais: encontro com Deus e a religião
Authors: Paiva Figueiredo Nogueira Virginia , Tosoli Gomes Antônio Marcos , Moura Coelho Pecly Wolter Rafael , Apostolidis Themistoklis , Moraes França Luiz Carlos , Conceição das Mercês Magno , Santos Couto Pablo Luiz
Published: March 2023

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a estrutura das representações sociais da espiritualidade para pessoas que vivem com o VIH/SIDA e identificar o núcleo central e os elementos periféricos superativados das representações sociais da espiritualidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória com abordagem quanti-qualitativa pautada na abordagem estrutural da teoria das representações sociais. Foram utilizadas diferentes técnicas de coleta de dados e análise, desta forma, o estudo foi realizado ao longo de três anos, os dados foram coletados entre os anos de 2015 a 2018. Participaram do estudo pessoas vivendo com hiv/aids atendidas num serviço ambulatorial especializado vinculado a um hospital universitário estadual da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, dentre estes, 166 responderam ao questionário de evocações livres ao termo indutor de espiritualidade, 61 ao questionário de escolhas sucessivas por blocos, 60 ao de técnica do questionamento, e 50 aos esquemas cognitivos de base. Após os testes, chegou-se ao resultado de que os elementos Deus e religião são centrais nas representações sociais da espiritualidade para o grupo participante, os elementos fé e amor foram identificados como periféricos superativados.
Homeland Scrutiny
Authors: Willis Paul
Published: March 2023

In his role as head of US product testing, Bob DiMaggio has the final say on Panasonic consumer electronic products destined for the American market. He talks to CET&D about his work.
Post-Plastic
Authors: Willis Paul
Published: March 2023

With plastic pollution causing untold damage to the environment, CET&D looks at how testing and certification can help consumer electronics companies in their shift to degradable and recycled plastics.
A Clean Slate
Authors: Willis Paul
Published: March 2023

CET&D sits down with the Consumer Technology Association's sustainability lead Walter Acorn to talk about environmental issues, including the electronics industry's response to the problem of e-waste.
Ahead of the Curve
Authors: Boldt Kim
Published: March 2023

It has been a long time since the last significant advancement in microphone tech, but its new EQset technology is helping reduce measurement uncertainty in production line testing, says GRAS Sound & Vibration.
The Dynamics of Power
Authors: Nordio Erika
Published: March 2023

Battery manufacturers hoping to take advantage of the rising demand for lithium-ion batteries must ensure their products are in compliance with global safety and sustainability rules, says LabTest Certification.
Catching Waves
Authors: Kerst Thomas
Published: March 2023

Testing the modulation transfer function is a difficult but vital part of quality control in waveguide manufacturing. Optofidelity reveals the secrets to successful waveguide testing.
Body Politics
Authors: Willis Paul
Published: March 2023

As the demand for health-monitoring tech increases, regulators and product developers must balance the need to keep up with growth with the need to ensure the technology is safe. CET&D investigates.
Determinants of Dietary Behaviors Among University Students: A Theory-based Approach
Authors: Nguyen Bong , Moyeda-Carabaza Ana Florencia , Li Xu , Bala Faith
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to explore factors that influence intentions to adopt healthy dietary behaviors among university students. Five hundred twenty-five university students participated in this study. A questionnaire that included items on intention to adopt
healthy eating behaviors, exposure to nutrition, media, parental and peer modeling, barriers, attitudes, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations was administered via Qualtrics. The findings of this study underscore influences of media, self-efficacy, and modeling on healthy eating behaviors
among university students. The findings also emphasize the role of nutrition exposure in influencing self-efficacy and attitudes toward intentions to healthy eating behaviors.
"Savor and Succeed": Development and Implementation of a Food Security Campaign on Social Media
Authors: Qamar Zubaida , Nguyen Tina , Taylor Margaret
Published: March 2023

Food insecurity is a rising concern in many parts of the world. In the United States, certain populations are more vulnerable than others. One such group is college students. A 2020 report suggests roughly 39% of the 330,000 students surveyed from different colleges and universities experienced food insecurity in the last 30 days (Baker-Smith et al., 2020). Negative outcomes, such as behavioral and mental health issues, decreased academic performance in the form of lower grade point average, and general self-reporting of poor health, have been described by students suffering from food insecurity (Bruening et al., 2017; Hagedorn et al., 2019; McArthur et al., 2018; Phillips et al., 2018). From the family and consumer sciences (FCS) perspective, it is of paramount importance to support healthier communities by enhancing individual and family well-being, leading to optimal quality of life (Anderson & Nickols, 2001). Given the negative consequences of food insecurity among college students, it is important to raise awareness about its prevalence and connect students to available resources in their regional areas, particularly in their own university settings.
Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Sand Sea Cucumber (Holothuria scabra) Extracts using Wet Rendering Extraction Method
Authors: Gustini Nunik , Wulandari Diah Anggraini , Rachman Fauzy , Septiana Eris , Rahmawati Siti Irma , Syahputra Gita , Sari Martha , Putra Masteria Yunovilsa
Published: March 2023

Antioxidant and anticancer activities of sand sea cucumber Holothuria scabra (dried and fresh) extracts were studied. The highest extraction yield of sea cucumber H. scabra (3.9%) was obtained using dried H. scabra at 60oC. The highest antioxidant activity was found in fresh H. scabra extract at 60°C with an IC50 value of 629.89 ± 0.15 µg/mL using the ABTS method, and the highest antioxidant activity by DPPH method was found in dried H. scabra extract at 70°C with an IC50 value of 32017.18 ± 0.82 µg/mL. The best antioxidant activity based on FRAP and TBARS methods was found in fresh H. scabra extracts at 80°C, respectively. The highest total phenol and flavonoid contained in dried H. scabra extract were 317.54 ± 8.91 mg GAE/100 g sample and 247.56 ± 11.70 mg QE/100 g sample. H. scabra extracts inhibited more than 50% of the growth of the MDA-MB-231 cell line at concentrations of 25 and 50 μg/mL except for dried H. scabra extracts at 80°C. Similarly, the extracts showed the highest cytotoxic effect up to 100% at the highest concentration (100 μg/mL) except for dried H. scabra extracts at 70°C and 80°C.
Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoids from Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Authors: Fachriyah Enny , Haryanto Ifan Bagus , Kusrini Dewi , Sarjono Purbowatiningrum Ria , Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana
Published: March 2023

The community uses cassava leaves for cooking because of their high protein content, β-carotene, Fe, Mg, Zn, S, Ca, Zn, Ni, and K. Cassava leaves contain various secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, steroids, anthocyanins, and anthraquinones. The antioxidant activity of flavonoid compounds in cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has been successfully investigated. This study consisted of six stages: the preparation of ethanol extract of cassava leaves, phytochemical screening, determination of total flavonoid content in the extract, isolation of flavonoids, and purity testing of flavonoid isolates using the chromatographic method, identification of the structure of pure flavonoid isolates using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer with the addition of a shear reagent, FTIR, and LC-MS/MS. As well as test the antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The yield of ethanol extract from cassava leaf in this study was 14.67%. The results of the phytochemical screening showed that the cassava leaves and the ethanol extract of cassava leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, quinones, steroids, phenolics, and triterpenoids. The total content of flavonoids in the ethanol extract was 35.71 mg EQ/g extract. UV-Vis, FTIR, and LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that the flavonoid isolate was quercetin. The results of the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract and BC isolate showed IC50 of 81.76 ± 0.505 mg/L and 77.85 ± 4.708 mg/L.
Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles Using Microwave Assistance and Its Application as Photocatalyst in Degrading Methylene Blue
Authors: Nursalam Wahyu Firmansya , Momuat Lidya Irma , Aritonang Henry Fonda
Published: March 2023

The research has been carried out on synthesizing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with the help of microwaves. ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized in the microwave at 100°C with heating times of 50, 90, 130, 170, and 210 minutes. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were characterized using X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The results were analyzed for their ability as a photocatalyst against methylene blue (MB) solution using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results revealed that the synthesized product was a combination of ZnO and Zn(OH) 2, as supported by XRD ICSD data no. 31052. However, the analysis results with EDS showed that the synthesized product only contained Zn and O elements, indicating that the product had ZnO. ZnO nanoparticles synthesized for 170 minutes of heating showed the highest ability to degrade MB of 85.8247% with a contact time of 150 minutes, while heating times of 50, 90, 130, and 210 minutes had percentage of MB degradation of 84.6065%, 81.0130%, 82.0866%, and 82.9275%, respectively.
Existence of nontrivial solutions for the Klein-Gordon-Maxwell system with Berestycki-Lions conditions
Authors: Liu Xiao-Qi , Li Gui-Dong , Tang Chun-Lei
Published: March 2023

In this article, we study the following Klein-Gordon-Maxwell system:

−
Δ
u
−

(

2
ω
+
ϕ

)

ϕ
u
=
g

(

u

)

,

in

R

3

,

Δ
ϕ
=

(

ω
+
ϕ

)

u

2

,

in

R

3

,

\left\{\phantom{\rule[-1.25em]{}{0ex}}\begin{array}{l}-\Delta u-\left(2\omega +\phi )\phi u=g\left(u),\hspace{1.0em}{\rm{in}}\hspace{1em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{3},\hspace{1.0em}\\ \Delta \phi =\left(\omega +\phi ){u}^{2},\hspace{1.0em}{\rm{in}}\hspace{1em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{3},\hspace{1.0em}\end{array}\right.

where

ω

\omega

is a constant that stands for the phase;

u

u

and

ϕ

\phi

are unknowns and

g

g

satisfies the Berestycki-Lions condition [Nonlinear scalar field equations. I. Existence of a ground state, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 82 (1983), 313–345; Nonlinear scalar field equations. II. Existence of infinitelymany solutions, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 82 (1983), 347–375]. The Klein-Gordon-Maxwell system is a model describing solitary waves for the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation interacting with an electromagnetic field. By using variational methods and some analysis techniques, the existence of positive solution and multiple solutions can be obtained. Moreover, we study the properties of decay estimates and asymptotic behavior for the positive solution.
Stacked machine learning models to classify atrial disorders based on clinical ECG features: a method to predict early atrial fibrillation
Authors: Budaraju Dhananjay , Neelapu Bala Chakravarthy , Pal Kunal , Jayaraman Sivaraman
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Atrial Tachycardia (AT) and Left Atrial Enlargement (LAE) are atrial diseases that are significant precursors to Atrial Fibrillation (AF). There are ML models for ECG classification; clinical features-based classification is required. The suggested work aims to create stacked ML models that categorize Sinus Rhythm (SR), Sinus Tachycardia (ST), AT, and LAE signals based on clinical parameters for AF prognosis.

Methods

The classification was based on thirteen clinical parameters, such as amplitude, time domain ECG aspects, and P-Wave Indices (PWI), such as the ratio of P-wave length and amplitude ((P (ms)/P (µV)), P-wave area (µV*ms), and P-wave terminal force (PTFV1(µV*ms). Apart from classifying the ECG signals, the stacked ML models prioritized the clinical features using a pie formula-based technique.

Results

The Stack 1 model achieves 99% accuracy, sensitivity, precision, and F1 score, while the Stack 2 model achieves 91%, 91%, 94%, and 92% for identifying SR, ST, LAE, and AT, respectively. Both stack models obtained a computational time of 0.06 seconds. PTFV1 (µV*ms), P (ms)/P (µV)), and P-wave area (µV*ms) were ranked as crucial clinical features.

Conclusion

Clinical feature-based stacking ML models may help doctors obtain insight into important clinical ECG aspects for early AF prediction.
A Comparison of Hazard Vulnerability Indexes for Washington State
Authors: Sheehan Tim , Min Esther , Hess Jeremy
Published: March 2023

Factors associated with structural racism, disenfranchisement, poverty, and other persistent sources of inequity are associated with vulnerability and exposure to environmental hazards. Social, demographic, and environmental factors associated with vulnerability to environmental hazards have been used by many researchers to produce indexes of hazard vulnerability. In preparation for a climate change health risk assessment for Washington state, we compared methods and results from six indexes designed to support environmental health risk assessment. Production of these indexes varies in the number of variables considered, calculation complexity, and exposure of local causal pathways. Results for these indexes are generally very similar, especially at the highest decile of vulnerability, the exception being the Environmental Health Disparities index, the only one to consider hazard exposure. Some indexes used methods that hide causal pathways. Those that exposed causal pathways limited model structure. Results indicate that simpler indexes may be more appropriate for use in decision support tools as they require less overhead for data updates and scenario analysis and that other methodologies may provide a more useful framework for index generation.
Anti-leakage method of network sensitive information data based on homomorphic encryption
Authors: Shi Junlong , Zhao Xiaofeng
Published: March 2023

With the development of artificial intelligence, people begin to pay attention to the protection of sensitive information and data. Therefore, a homomorphic encryption framework based on effective integer vector is proposed and applied to deep learning to protect the privacy of users in binary convolutional neural network model. The conclusion shows that the model can achieve high accuracy. The training is 93.75% in MNIST dataset and 89.24% in original dataset. Because of the confidentiality of data, the training accuracy of the training set is only 86.77%. After increasing the training period, the accuracy began to converge to about 300 cycles, and finally reached about 86.39%. In addition, after taking the absolute value of the elements in the encryption matrix, the training accuracy of the model is 88.79%, and the test accuracy is 85.12%. The improved model is also compared with the traditional model. This model can reduce the storage consumption in the model calculation process, effectively improve the calculation speed, and have little impact on the accuracy. Specifically, the speed of the improved model is 58 times that of the traditional CNN model, and the storage consumption is 1/32 of that of the traditional CNN model. Therefore, homomorphic encryption can be applied to information encryption under the background of big data, and the privacy of the neural network can be realized.
Internal curing of ultra-high-performance concrete: A comprehensive overview
Authors: Haruna Sani , Adamu Musa , Ibrahim Yasser E. , Aliyu Muhammad Magana , Haruna Sadi Ibrahim
Published: March 2023

This article presents an overview of the research on the effects of internal curing (IC) on ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC). The process of adding a curing ingredient to the concrete mixture to serve as a water reservoir is known as internal curing. IC is a viable technique for supplying additional water for curing cement-based material with lower water-to-binder concrete. It is distinct from externally applied curing. The water meant for internal water curing is dispersed within the concrete after it hardened and facilitated the hydration process. It was used to minimize self-desiccation and shrinkage in UHPC. Based on the reviewed literature, an exchange between mechanical characteristics and autogenous shrinkage for concrete was observed for internally cured UHPC. Even though IC affects the mechanical characteristics, after 28 days, it was possible to achieve a compressive strength of over 150 MPa. Thermal curing was found to exhibit a remarkable effect on the development of UHPC strength. Experimental findings revealed that using pre-saturated aggregates for IC improves the tensile strength of UHPC. The scanning electron microscope images revealed that the bulk of the voids within the super-absorbent polymer cavities are filled with portlandite.
Cu and Al2O3-based hybrid nanofluid flow through a porous cavity
Authors: Algehyne Ebrahem A. , Raizah Zehba , Gul Taza , Saeed Anwar , Eldin Sayed M. , Galal Ahmed M.
Published: March 2023

In this study, the (Cu and Al2O3/water) hybrid nanofluid flow is carried out in a porous cavity. The thermophysical structures of solid materials are used from the available literature to improve the thermal performance of the base fluid. The mathematical model as a porous cavity is mainly used in the distillation process and is vital for the storage of thermal energy. The magnetic field is also employed perpendicular to the flow field and the impact of the magnetic parameter examined versus fluid motion. Similarity variables are used to transform governing equations as simplified partial differential equations. The model is solved using the control volume-based finite element method. Boussinesq–Darcy force is employed for the motion of the fluid flow, and the Koo–Kleinstreuer–Li model is used to assess the characteristics of the hybrid nanofluids. The roles of the Hartmann number, Rayleigh number, porosity factor in the porous medium, and drag fin improve traditional fluids’ thermal distribution presentation. Recent results predict that the two different kinds of nanoparticles speed up the heat transfer through the porous cavity. The percentage analysis shows that the hybrid nanofluids (Cu and Al2O3/water) are prominent in improving traditional fluids’ thermal distribution. Finally, the grid sensitivity test is also carried out for hybrid nanoparticles to demonstrate that the results are asymptotically coherent.
Analysis of sweeping jet and film composite cooling using the decoupled model
Authors: Kong Xiangcan , Zhang Yanfeng , Li Guoqing , Lu Xingen , Zeng Jun , Zhu Junqiang , Xu Jinliang
Published: March 2023

The heat transfer process of the sweeping jet and film composite cooling (SJF) structure of the turbine blade leading edge is complex. The current work divides the overall cooling effectiveness of the SJF into the impingement heat transfer effectiveness, the convection heat transfer effectiveness inside the film holes, and the external film cooling effectiveness by the decoupled method. Various cooling effectiveness proportions and trends are compared when the blowing ratios are 1.05, 2.07, and 4.11. There is an average ratio of 64.33% for impingement heat transfer effectiveness and 38.02% for convection heat transfer effectiveness. The ratio of external film cooling effectiveness gradually changes from positive to negative with the increase of the blowing ratio. Therefore, the proportion of external film cooling effectiveness and impingement heat transfer effectiveness should be considered when applying SJF. The convection heat transfer effectiveness cannot be ignored, especially when the design scheme of the shower head is used.
Influences of Music Reading on Auditory Chord Discrimination: A Novel Test Bed for Nonconscious Processing of Irrelevant Prime Meaning
Authors: Augsten Marie-Luise , Eder Stephanie J. , Büsel Christian , Valuch Christian , Ansorge Ulrich
Published: March 2023

The question whether nonconscious processing could involve higher-level, semantic representations is of broad interest. Here, we demonstrate semantic processing of task-relevant and task-irrelevant features of nonconscious primes within a novel, empirical test bed. In two experiments, musicians were visually primed with musical note triads varying in mode (i.e., major vs minor) and position (i.e., the arrangement of notes within a triad). The task required to discriminate only the mode in the following auditory target chord. In two experimental blocks, primes were either consciously visible or masked, respectively. Response times for auditory discrimination of the modes (relevant dimension) of heard triads were measured. Crucially, the targets also varied with respect to mode and position, creating different grades of congruency with the visual primes. Based on the Theory of Event Coding, we expected and found interactions between relevant and irrelevant semantic characteristics of masked primes, illustrating that even irrelevant prime meaning was processed. Moreover, our results indicated that both task-relevant and task-irrelevant prime characteristics are processed in nonconscious conditions only, and that practice in ignoring uninformative conscious primes can be transferred to a subsequent block. In conclusion, this study demonstrates cross-modal, automatic semantic processing using a novel approach to study such effects.
A study on changing student opinion on e-learning in the pandemic period
Authors: YENER Hüseyin
Published: March 2023

The COVID‐19 pandemic has affected every organization and every aspect of life worldwide. The pandemic has caused unexpected confusion across academic institutions, with almost all universities forced to shift from traditional face-to-face classrooms to e-learning education. Universities have leveraged advanced technologies to continue their activities, with recent technologies increasing learning effectiveness. This research aims to track the changing opinion of engineering students on e-learning applications. The research was conducted with 408 Maltepe University, Istanbul, Turkey engineering students. The results showed that engineering students’ opinions had changed dramatically toward e-learning due to the prolongation of the epidemic period. This study confirmed the downward trend, consistent with the outcomes of recent studies. Furthermore, the study results showed that students prefer face-to-face or hybrid education to online learning. Social isolation, technical problems encountered, and inefficient education at home with limited opportunity to interact with the instructors play an important role in this changing decision. This study also may guide and decrease the response time on possible shutdowns that may occur in the future due to various reasons.
Karayolu taşımacılığında sürdürülebilirlik performansının ölçülmesi: Karşılaştırmalı bir analiz
Authors: SENİR Gül , BÜYÜKKEKLİK Arzum
Published: March 2023

Karayolu ulaşımı dünya çapında insan ve yük taşımacılığının bel kemiği olduğundan yüksek kullanım hacmine sahiptir. Bu kullanım da özellikle sera gazı emisyonları ve hava kirliliği açısından önemli çevresel etkilere neden olmakta, sürdürülebilirliği olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı seçilen OECD ülkelerinde mevcut karayolu ulaşım sistemlerinin sürdürülebilirlik performanslarını değerlendirmek ve karşılaştırma yapmaktır. Çalışmada çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinden ENTROPİ kullanılarak kriterlerin önem düzeyleri belirlenmiş ve sonrasında WASPAS yöntemi ile ülkelerin karayolu taşımacılığında sürdürülebilirlik sıralaması yapılmıştır. OECD ülkelerinin karayolu taşımacılığında sürdürülebilirliğin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan veri; Birleşmiş Milletler Avrupa Ekonomik Komisyonu Taşımacılık istatistikleri, Dünya Bankası istatistikleri ve Avrupa istatistiklerinin sunulduğu web adreslerinden elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda önem düzeylerine göre kriterlerin sıralaması CO2 emisyonları, yakıt tüketimi ve yol kazaları şeklinde olmuş; ülkelerin sıralanmasında karayolu taşımacılığında sürdürülebilirlik performansında yüksek puan alan ilk üç ülke İzlanda, Türkiye ve Litvanya olmuştur.
Bilinçli farkındalık ile örgütsel çıktılar (iş tatmini, iş performansı ve işten ayrılma niyeti) ilişkisi: Duygusal zekânın aracı rolü
Authors: AYDOĞMUŞ Ceren
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bilinçli farkındalık ile örgütsel çıktılar arasındaki ilişki üzerinde duygusal zekânın aracı rolünü incelemektir. Araştırmada çalışanların iş tatmini, iş performansı ve işten ayrılma niyetleri örgütsel çıktılar olarak ele alınmıştır. Farklı sektör ve büyüklükteki firmalarda çalışan 551 beyaz yakalı çalışandan oluşan katılımcı, bilinçli farkındalık, duygusal zekâ, iş tatmini, iş performansı ve işten ayrılma niyetlerini değerlendiren anketleri cevaplamıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonuçları, bilinçli farkındalığın duygusal zekâ, iş tatmini ve iş performansı ile olumlu yönde, işten ayrılma niyeti ile ise olumsuz yönde ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca çalışanların duygusal zekâsının iş tatmini ve iş performansları ile olumlu yönde, işten ayrılma niyeti ile ise olumsuz yönde ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aracılık etkisini ölçmek için kullanılan Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi (YEM) analizi neticesinde, duygusal zekânın, bilinçli farkındalık ile örgütsel çıktılar ilişkisinde tam aracılık etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer bir deyişle, çalışanların bilinçli farkındalığının örgütsel çıktılar üzerindeki dolaylı etkisi duygusal zekâları yoluyla ortaya çıkmaktadır. Araştırmada önerilen modelin teorik alt yapısını olumlu duyguların, olumlu sonuçlara sebep olduğunu ifade eden pozitif yönelim teorisi oluşturmaktadır. Bulgular yöneticilerin bilinçli farkındalığın ve duygusal zekânın çalışanlar üzerindeki olumlu etkisinin farkında olmaları gerektiğine dikkat çekmektedir. Bu bağlamda gerek yöneticilere, gerek insan kaynakları uzmanlarına, çalışanların bilinçli farkındalıklarını ve duygusal zekâlarını artırmaya yönelik eğitimleri örgüt bünyesine dahil etmeleri önerilmektedir.
How do brand policy updates turn into transgressions and impact consumers’ continuance intentions?
Authors: ŞAHİN Fatih
Published: March 2023

The concept of the digital economy is being implemented more quickly nowadays. Digital services are one of the pillars of the digital economy. The consumers of those services and their information-sharing intentions play a crucial role since the sustainable consumer information flow fuels big data. From a marketing perspective, as a digital service brand, this study examines the roles of privacy concerns and brand transgression interaction effects on consumers' intentions to continue using instant messaging services. Because realistic privacy risks have been difficult to replicate using experimental techniques, this study focused on one of the most well-known digital service brands' most recent violations of a privacy policy update. Based on survey data from 422 related digital service consumers, the results show that brand transgression severity increases consumers' privacy concerns. Privacy concerns are a significant indirect antecedent to the continuation of digital services. Consumers' trust, belief, and perceived risk mediate the relationship between privacy concerns and information disclosure intention. And in digital services, information disclosure intention is an important factor that affects consumers' intentions to continue using this service.
From a strategic management perspective, comparison of graduate/undergraduate education performances of research universities and efficiency determinants: The case of Turkey
Authors: PEHLİVANLI Edib Ali
Published: March 2023

This study determined undergraduate and graduate education efficiency scores using the 2020 data from 20 state research universities in Turkey. The study used input-oriented data envelopment analysis to compare undergraduate and graduate education efficiencies. In the study, the efficiency of the research universities in the prioritized field(s) was compared with the efficiency in the field(s) in which they operate intensively. It also includes suggestions on increasing their effectiveness in the prioritized field(s). In addition, the Tobit regression model, which is a regression model for limited dependent variables, was used to determine the determinants of efficiency scores. The findings show the undergraduate and graduate education performances of research universities comparatively. In addition, based on the results obtained from the Tobit regression model, suggestions were made to increase graduate performance. Five factors (the number of graduate students per faculty member, the number of undergraduate students per academic staff, the number of graduates/undergraduates in the number of students and graduations, and the number of faculty members per program) have a significant effect on graduate performance. Therefore, it is important in terms of strategic management that research universities should be restructured by considering these factors or that they should be considered in plans. The study offers an alternative perspective to performance management in both education and management.
Sustainable digital transformation of financial institutions
Authors: TAKA Mustafa Emirhan , BAYARÇELİK Ebru Beyza
Published: March 2023

Institutions constantly transform their products, services, and processes to increase profitability. By digitizing the transformation process of organizations, digital technologies change how they do business, their interactions with their customers, and the characteristics their employees should have. This study aims to review digital transformation practices in financial institutions in Turkey and how the examples encountered in literature reviews be implemented in daily business operations. Within the scope of the research, qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews, including questions in 4 categories with decision-makers of institutions operating in the banking and finance sector. This research has tried to determine the digital technologies that the institutions focus on most, what employee skills stand out to be successful in digital transformation, and how the institutions' organisational cultures have changed with digital transformation. To summarize the results, all financial institutions have put digital transformation on their agenda and allocated resources to invest in digital technologies. They have focused on the transformation of employees and investment in information technology infrastructures. Additionally, they are searching for solutions to cyber security risks arising from accelerating data sharing. For better customer experience and to meet and exceed customer needs, digital channels and smart systems are under consideration. This study focuses only on the financial sector, one of the most invested areas for digital transformation. It is one of the pioneering studies in evaluating the digital maturity of the Turkish finance sector and showing the examples encountered in the literature.
A review on financial failure models- The case of manufacturing industry
Authors: AYVAZ Rabia Nazmiye , ERKAN Mustafa Kenan
Published: March 2023

Increasingly globalized economic and financial dynamics create extensive complexity and uncertainty for national economies and businesses. As a result of this financial stress experienced by firms, researchers have developed models using financial ratios to measure the financial health of firms. One of the implications of this situation for academic research is the continued importance of predicting and modelling financial failure for businesses. This study aims to apply existing financial failure and bankruptcy prediction models to the financial data of 45 manufacturing enterprises traded in Borsa Istanbul and to establish a comparative analysis framework of the prediction results. In order to explain the risk of financial failure and bankruptcy, the financial statements of the enterprises covering the years 2011-2020 are used as a data set. Altman Z-Score, Springate S-Score and Zmijevski J-Score values of these 45 enterprises were calculated and based on them, predictions were made about the financial viability of the enterprises. In addition, financial failure models measured by Altman Z-Score, Springate S-Score and Zmijevski J-Score were used in the study. According to the findings, while Altman Z-Score and Springate S-Score show similar results, they are not similar to the results of Zmijevski J-Score.
The mediating role of task-related occupational anxiety in the relationship between stress-coping behaviours and crisis management skills: A study during the COVID-19 pandemic period
Authors: KULA Mehmet Emirhan
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 Pandemic has forced healthcare professionals worldwide to make and implement decisions under extreme pressure, which is naturally a source of stress and anxiety for all healthcare professionals. This study examined the mediating role of task-related occupational anxiety in the relationship between nurses’ stress-coping behaviours and crisis management skills. The sample consists of nurses working in the Eastern Anatolia Region. Because the research was conducted within the scope of COVID-19 epidemic measures, the questionnaire was online, and 400 electronic questionnaires were analysed. According to the results obtained in the research, significant relationships were found between stress-coping behaviours, crisis management skills and task-related occupational anxiety, as well as between task-related occupational anxiety and crisis management skills. In addition, it has been determined that task-related occupational anxiety mediates the relationship between stress-coping behaviours and crisis management skills. The results are discussed in the axis of the research results in the related literature.
New normal for gold and white-collar workers: The hybrid way
Authors: DEĞERLİ Mustafa
Published: March 2023

The latest COVID-19 pandemic brought about salient alterations concerning several characteristics of people’s lives and routines. One of these major aspects relates to some people’s working places and customs. Unambiguously, the way gold and white-collar workers work has been altered due to the practices applied in response to the latest pandemic. Organizations and people experiencing remote working had an all-inclusive opportunity to evaluate trade-offs regarding working in offices and working from home or other convenient places. This paper defines and discusses the hybrid way, the new normal for gold and white-collar workers. Advantages, disadvantages, challenges, and success factors are also deliberated in this paper. Purposefully, mixed method research was conducted to get and distil experiences and views of gold and white-collar workers regarding the new current normal of working. Pertinent data to be analyzed and evaluated were collected from 2405 people (2365 questionnaires and 40 interviews). The outcomes concluded that the new normal for gold and white-collar workers are the hybrid way (a mix of working in offices and remotely from homes or other convenient places). Facets (items related to policy, tools, and steering) to consider are also discussed in the paper. This paper contributes to the management body of knowledge by providing additional evidence to the hybrid way of working for gold and white-collar workers. As experiences and views of workers are shaping the pertinent success and enhancements, this paper will be valuable for managers of organizations involving gold and white-collar workers, relevant policymakers, and other researchers exploring the new normal.
Bireysel yenilikçilik düzeyi analizi: Samsun 19 Mayıs Polis Meslek Yüksekokulu örneği
Authors: ŞEN Hakan , KAHRAMANOĞLU Ali
Published: March 2023

Yenilikçilik, bireylerin yeniliği hazmetme süresince, yeniliklere karşı alınan tavırları veya bu yaklaşımları kişisel açıdan değerlendirilmesi ‘bireysel yenilikçilik’ kavramı ile açıklanmaktadır. Bireylerin yenilikçiliğe bakış açıları toplumsal, kültürel değerleri ve küresel özellik taşıyan yaşamsal faaliyetlerini sürdürdükleri ortamlarında, karşılaştıkları değişikliklere karşı sağlıklı ve dengeli bir uyum süreci sağlamaları bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Bireysel yenilikçilik; bir yeniliği özümsemek, geliştirmek ya da uyum içinde faaliyete geçirmek olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Samsun 19 Mayıs Polis Meslek Yüksek Okulu öğrencilerinin, yenilikçi, gelişime açık, kişisel beceri ve yetenekleri doğrultusunda, mesleki karakterlerini oluşturmalarına katkıda bulunmak istenmiştir. Öğrencilerin mesleki faaliyetlerine hazırlık sürecinde mesleklerinde karşılaşacakları problemlerin nedenlerinin belirlenmesinde hızlı ve pratik karar verebilme ve sorun çözme yeteneklerinin geliştirilmesi sağlamak amaçlanmıştır. Bunun yanında mesleki ve kişisel hatalarının minimum seviyeye indirgemek ile birlikte polislik mesleğine duyulan saygınlığın artmasını, yenilikçi ve araştırmacı yönlerinin daha verimli ve ileri düzeyde oluşmasına zemin hazırlama amacıyla meslek öncesi bireysel yenilikçilik düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, 416 öğrenci ana kütleyi oluşturmakla birlikte, örneklem sayısının %95 güven aralığında en az 200 öğrenci olacağı hesaplanmıştır. Rastgele örneklem yöntemiyle çalışmaya 375 öğrenci katılımı gerçekleşmiş ve 41 öğrenci ise çeşitli mazeretlerle çalışmaya katılmak istememiştir. Araştırma sürecinde, nitel araştırma yöntemi olan bireysel yenilikçilik ölçekli anket ile kişisel bilgiler formundan elde edilen bilgilerden yararlanılmıştır. Veriler istatistik paket program kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada; bireysel yenilikçilik açısından öğrencilerin yaş, ailenin (anne-baba) eğitim durumu, ailenin gelir durumu, ailede devlet memuru olup olmadığı, ailede girişimci olup olmadığı, mezun olunan lise türü, öğrencilerin girişimcilik eğitimi alıp almamaları, mesleki yenilik eğitimine katılıp katılmamaları araştırılmıştır. Bulgular istatistiksel açıdan incelendiğinde öğrencilerin Bireysel Yenilikçilik Düzeylerinin ‘Sorgulayıcı’ seviyede olduğu tespit edilmiştir.