bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Beliefs towards Universal Safety Precautions to flatten the Curve during Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic among the General Public in India: Explorations from a National Perspective (Preprint)
Authors: Gudi Sai Krishna , Chhabra Manik , Undela Krishna , Venkataraman Rajesh , Mateti Uday Venkat , Tiwari Komal Krishna , Nyamagoud Sanath
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Background: The novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is being considered as the most serious health threat that the world has never witnessed in the recent times and significantly affecting the daily routine of mankind by emerging as a global pandemic. As there is no treatment nor a vaccine that was approved so far, universal safety precautions (USPs) and mitigating strategies are the only way to deal with this emergency crisis. However, studies on knowledge and beliefs towards USPs among the general public in countries such as India with a large population are lacking.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: The goal of this study is to assess the knowledge and beliefs towards universal safety precautions during COVID-19 pandemic among the general public in India.

METHODS

Methods: A cross-sectional, web-based online survey was conducted among the general public in India during March 2020. A 20-item validated, a self-administered survey questionnaire was developed and randomly distributed among the public using Google Forms through social media networks. Descriptive statistics were used in representing the study characteristics, and the Chi-square test was used in assessing the associations among the study variables with a p-value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

RESULTS

Results: Of 1287 participants, 1117 have given their consent of willingness and completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 86.8%. The mean age of the study participants was 28.8 ± 10.9 years, and based upon the socio-demographic information, the majority were post-graduates (32.9%), professional job holders (45%) and belonged to the upper-middle (40%) economic class. Overall, the average correct responses of knowledge (~63%) and beliefs (~83%) towards USPs and mitigating strategies among participants varied between moderate to high, with statistically significant associations with their socio-demographic characteristics.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions: Although the knowledge and beliefs of the general public in India towards USPs are encouraging, there is a need for long-term educational interventions as the dynamics and severity of COVID-19 have been changing day-by-day rapidly. The findings of this study could guide the public health authorities in making and implementing decisions to combat this pandemic.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Creating COVID-19 Stigma by Referencing the Novel Coronavirus as the “Chinese virus” on Twitter: Quantitative Analysis of Social Media Data (Preprint)
Authors: Budhwani Henna , Sun Ruoyan
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Stigma is the deleterious, structural force that devalues members of groups that hold undesirable characteristics. Since stigma is created and reinforced by society—through in-person and online social interactions—referencing the novel coronavirus as the “Chinese virus” or “China virus” has the potential to create and perpetuate stigma.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess if there was an increase in the prevalence and frequency of the phrases “Chinese virus” and “China virus” on Twitter after the March 16, 2020, US presidential reference of this term.

METHODS

Using the Sysomos software (Sysomos, Inc), we extracted tweets from the United States using a list of keywords that were derivatives of “Chinese virus.” We compared tweets at the national and state levels posted between March 9 and March 15 (preperiod) with those posted between March 19 and March 25 (postperiod). We used Stata 16 (StataCorp) for quantitative analysis, and Python (Python Software Foundation) to plot a state-level heat map.

RESULTS

A total of 16,535 “Chinese virus” or “China virus” tweets were identified in the preperiod, and 177,327 tweets were identified in the postperiod, illustrating a nearly ten-fold increase at the national level. All 50 states witnessed an increase in the number of tweets exclusively mentioning “Chinese virus” or “China virus” instead of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) or coronavirus. On average, 0.38 tweets referencing “Chinese virus” or “China virus” were posted per 10,000 people at the state level in the preperiod, and 4.08 of these stigmatizing tweets were posted in the postperiod, also indicating a ten-fold increase. The 5 states with the highest number of postperiod “Chinese virus” tweets were Pennsylvania (n=5249), New York (n=11,754), Florida (n=13,070), Texas (n=14,861), and California (n=19,442). Adjusting for population size, the 5 states with the highest prevalence of postperiod “Chinese virus” tweets were Arizona (5.85), New York (6.04), Florida (6.09), Nevada (7.72), and Wyoming (8.76). The 5 states with the largest increase in pre- to postperiod “Chinese virus” tweets were Kansas (n=697/58, 1202%), South Dakota (n=185/15, 1233%), Mississippi (n=749/54, 1387%), New Hampshire (n=582/41, 1420%), and Idaho (n=670/46, 1457%).

CONCLUSIONS

The rise in tweets referencing “Chinese virus” or “China virus,” along with the content of these tweets, indicate that knowledge translation may be occurring online and COVID-19 stigma is likely being perpetuated on Twitter.
mHealth Apps as Effective Persuasive Health Technology: Contextualizing the “Necessary” Functionalities (Preprint)
Authors: McLean Allen
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Persuasive health technology (PHT) is any technology purposely designed to influence, reinforce, change, or shape health-related attitudes or behaviors. Behavioral interventions can be developed for the purpose of maintaining or improving a person’s health status. Delivering behavioral interventions via PHTs is a promising approach for encouraging healthy behaviors among individuals and populations. Important attributes of all PHTs include their functionalities. A functionality refers to any useful features, functions, capabilities, or technologies associated with computer hardware or software. Creating effective PHTs requires a deliberate selection of appropriate functionalities for supporting specific behavioral interventions. The number and types of functionalities necessary to create an effective PHT will be specific to the context of each project, influenced by project objectives, stakeholder goals, behavioral interventions, and a variety of real-world constraints. Selecting appropriate functionalities can be challenging. Fortunately, there are frameworks and models developed specifically for guiding the design of PHTs. The Persuasive Systems Design model describes 4 categories, and 28 design principles for creating effective persuasive interventions. These same design principles could also be useful for guiding the selection of appropriate functionalities.
Pengaruh pemberian jus jamur tiram terhadap kadar kolesterol, trigliserida, dan malondialdehid penderita hiperkolesterolemia
Authors: Nofiartika Fera , Prasetyaningrum Yunita Indah
Published: April 2020

The effect of white oyster mushroom juice (Pleurotus ostreatus) to total cholesterol, triglyceride, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients with hypercholesterolemiaBackground: The high incidence of hypercholesterolemia due to the wrong diet is a health problem that needs to be addressed immediately. One food ingredient that is being cultivated and believed to have a hypocholesterolemic effect is a white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). These foods contain water-soluble fiber (β glucans) and lovastatin which are useful for improving lipid profiles. Objective: To determine the effect of white oyster mushroom juice (Pleurotus ostreatus) to total cholesterol, triglyceride, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design. This study was conducted by giving white oyster mushroom juice (Pleurotus ostreatus) for 14 days and then measured its effect on total cholesterol, triglyceride, and MDA levels. The location of the study in Pisangan Tridadi Sleman and the respondent was adults aged 18-55 years who had hypercholesterolemia. Data collection of lipid profiles was taken from venous plasma blood after 12 hours of fasting. While MDA levels were measured by using the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. The changes in cholesterol, triglycerides, and MDA levels after administration of white oyster mushroom juice analyzed using paired-t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The oyster mushroom juice affected decreasing triglyceride levels (2.27 mg/dL; p=0.023). There was no difference in the mean total cholesterol and MDA levels between before and after the intervention. Conclusions: Consumption of white oyster mushroom juice for 14 days significantly reduce triglyceride levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia.
Perbedaan status gizi bayi usia 6-9 bulan yang diberi MPASI buatan pabrik dan rumah
Authors: Anggraeni Erizvina Marisa , Herawati Dewi Marhaeni Diah , Rusmil Viramitha Kusnandi , Hafsah Tisnasari
Published: April 2020

The differences of nutritional status of 6-9 months old infant given factory-made and homemade complementary foodsBackground: The nutritional status of 6-9 months old babies depend on the amount of nutrition acquired from breastmilk and complementary food. The incorrect feeding of complementary food may contribute to poor nutritional status. Objective: This study aims to illustrate the nutritional status of factory-made and homemade complementary food, and analyze the difference in the nutritional status of infants given factory-made and homemade complementary food.Methods: This is an analytic, observational, and cross-sectional study, conducted in seven villages within the scope of Puskesmas Jatinangor, Jatinangor Sub-district, Sumedang Regency in August-October 2018. The samples were 102 babies 6-9 months old obtained through total sampling. The variables of this study include the type of complementary food, and infant nutritional status with weight for age, length for age, and weight for height index.Results: Complementary food consumption is dominated by factory-made type (69.6%). Macronutrients which are energy and protein and micronutrients which are vitamins from both types of complementary food already fulfill the daily recommended dietary allowances for babies, except for minerals which are calcium, iron, and zinc. Chi-Square test results showed an insignificant difference in the nutritional status of babies (p=0,881 for BW/A; p=0.194 for BH/A; and p=0,599 for BW/BH) based on the type of complementary food given.Conclusions: Nutritional contents of macro and micronutrients from both types of complementary food have fulfilled the recommended dietary allowances for complementary food, except for the minerals calcium, iron, and zinc. There wasn’t a considerable difference in nutritional status between those acquired through factory-made and homemade complementary food.
Metabolic Disorders with Kidney Transplant
Authors: Cohen Elizabeth , Korah Maria , Callender Glenda , Belfort de Aguiar Renata , Haakinson Danielle
Published: April 2020

Metabolic disorders are highly prevalent in kidney transplant candidates and recipients and can adversely affect post-transplant graft outcomes. Management of diabetes, hyperparathyroidism, and obesity presents distinct opportunities to optimize patients both before and after transplant as well as the ability to track objective data over time to assess a patient’s ability to partner effectively with the health care team and adhere to complex treatment regimens. Optimization of these particular disorders can most dramatically decrease the risk of surgical and cardiovascular complications post-transplant. Approximately 60% of nondiabetic patients experience hyperglycemia in the immediate post-transplant phase. Multiple risk factors have been identified related to development of new onset diabetes after transplant, and it is estimated that upward of 7%–30% of patients will develop new onset diabetes within the first year post-transplant. There are a number of medications studied in the kidney transplant population for diabetes management, and recent data and the risks and benefits of each regimen should be optimized. Secondary hyperparathyroidism occurs in most patients with CKD and can persist after kidney transplant in up to 66% of patients, despite an initial decrease in parathyroid hormone levels. Parathyroidectomy and medical management are the options for treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism, but there is no randomized, controlled trial providing clear recommendations for optimal management, and patient-specific factors should be considered. Obesity is the most common metabolic disorder affecting the transplant population in both the pre- and post-transplant phases of care. Not only does obesity have associations and interactions with comorbid illnesses, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease, all of which increase morbidity and mortality post-transplant, but it also is intimately inter-related with access to transplantation for patients with kidney failure. We review these metabolic disorders and their management, including data in patients with kidney transplants.
Critical Discourse Analysis of Technology-Based Village Government System in Bengkalis Riau
Authors: Fikri Rijalul , Amrillah Muhammad Faisal , Mulianto Budi
Published: April 2020

This study aims to comprehend on how the discourse of e-government system in villages of Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province, by using the method of Foucauldian discourse analysis. Thus, discourse of this paper is the implementation of e-governance system forming the relation between power and society through the process of definition, isolation and justification. In the e-government system’s operation in Bengkalis, there are two remarkable interpretation as follows: firstly, for villages that adopted the e-government system, those involve in the interpretation of dominant discourse which define and justify the discourse of e-government system; and secondly, for villages that have still been in loyal of the local wisdom – “committing to the government system and society life order based on traditional, well known as self-governing community” -, those include in the interpretation of the marginalized discourse that means in the wider discursive context it is the discursive implementation of e-government system. As a logical conclusion, the existing discourse has expressed the state power represented by the effort of e-government system’s employment in which there are the major interpretation of village government categorized in the dominant discourse and the marginalized discourse.
FIRST PERSONAL DEIXIS IN 10-17 AGED CHILDREN’ UTTERANCES OF MINAGKABAU LANGUAGE IN SARIAK, BANUHAMPU SUNGAI PUAR SUBDISTRICT, WEST SUMATERA
Authors: Dewi Yusra
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Deixis utilization uniqueness in 10-17 aged children’ utterances of Minangkabau language resulted in the conduction of this research. Unique thing of Minangkabau language phenomenon was, in addition, the orientation for the formulation of the research problems. There were two kinds of research questions, namely: 1) What are first personal deixis forms realized in 10-17 aged children of Minangkabau language in Sariak village, Banuhampu Sungaipuar sudistrict, West Sumatera?; and 2) How is first personal deixis utterances used? The objective of this study is to describe the forms and the use of first personal deixis utterances. The research was designed by using qualitative descriptive research approach. The data was verified by illustrating evidences according to Metode Simak ‘refer to method’ and Metode Cakap ‘Advanced Method’ which are divided into some techniques. Metode Simak consists of basic technique and advanced technique. Advanced involving free referred to technique, recording technique, and note-taking technique. Meanwhile, advanced method is divided into basic technique including note-taking technique and eliciting technique. The data of the research were words and phrases in utterance form.the data was obtained from Minangkabau language used by 10-17 aged children in Sariak villaged, Banuhampu Sungaipuar subdistrict, West Sumatera. Trustworthiness of data was examined by data triangulation technique. The finding shows that there six types of first personal deixis realized in 10-17 aged children’ utterances of Minangkabau. The forms of 10-17 aged children’ utterances of Minangkabau language are sayo, ambo, aden, nama diri, aku, kami, awak, denai, kito ‘I’. Utilization of first personal deixis in the utterances of 10-17 aged children is adapted to when, where and who the utterances take place.

Keywords: Personal deixis, children’ utterance, Minangkabau language
METAPHORICAL LEXICON IN MAENA LYRICS OF WEDDING IN NIAS: ECOLINGUISTICS STUDY
Authors: Ndruru Mastawati , Umiyati Mirsa
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT

This research is about language phenomena realized in Nias language. The title is “”Metaphorical Lexicon in Maena Lyrics of Wedding in Nias: Ecolinguistics Study”. Grammatical category of metaphorical lexicon and dimensionality of the social praxis realized in Maena lyrics of wedding Nias are the objectives of the research. Data of the research are obtained from Maena video in Nias language and then are transcribed into written form. There are two types of required data, such as metaphorical biotic lexicon and abiotic lexicon. Observation and taking note technique were employed in collecting the data. The data were analyzed by orienting dialectical ecolinnguistic theory of Bang and Døør. The result of the analysis were displayed in formal and informal methods. The result shows that there are two findings, namely (1) grammatical category of metaphorical lexicon realized in Maena lyrics of wedding are biotic ecology, such as mbala (papaya) and gae (banana) and abiotic ecology, such as te’u (mice), and mao (cat). (2) social praxis dimension of metaphorical lexicon realized in Maena lyrics of wedding in Nias are biological dimension as indicated in the use of natural lexicon in the lyrics, idelogical as indicated in the concept formed as genuine meaning communicated through Maena lyrics, and sociological dimension as indicated through conceptual deliverance in Maena lyrics.

Keywords: maena lyrics of wedding, grammatical category, social praxis dimension
To the problem of forming the high-strength concrete dispersed composition and properties
Authors: Velichko Evgeniy G. , Shumilina Yuliya S.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Significant disadvantages of currently used high-strength concrete are the high absolute consumption of binder as well as its low specific consumption per unit of strength. Including many components with the goal of multi-level optimization of the dispersed composition is one of the main methods for producing high-strength concretes with a minimum content of cement and high physical and mechanical properties. Obtaining such concretes can be connected with creating a dense high-aggregated solid phase of the constituents at various structural levels and low water-to-cement ratio.

Materials and methods. he following components were used to study the properties and structure of the concrete: two fine aggregate fractions, granite-gabbro crushed stone of 5 to 10 mm fraction, portland cement of the CEM I 42.5N class, finely dispersed blast furnace granulated slag, metakaolin, silica fume, high-dispersed cement fraction, Glenium 430 superplasticizer, and high-valent hardening accelerator. The shape and size of the dispersed particles of the components were determined using a laser analyzer, the flowability of the concrete mixture was evaluated as per GOST 10181-2014 standard, while the concrete compressive strength following GOST 10180-2012 standard. The cement stone structure was studied using derivatographic analysis and x-ray phase analysis methods.

Results. For concrete with an optimized dispersed composition, superplasticizer and high-valent hardening accelerator prepared using self-compacting concrete mixtures, the concrete strength at the age of 1 day after hardening was of 58,67 and 77 MPa and at the age of 28 days after hardening was of 150, 186 and 219 MPa under normal conditions and with cement consumption of 650, 710 and 770 kg/m3, respectively.

Conclusions. Multi-level dispersion and granulometric modification in combination with chemical modification of the composition of self-compacting concrete mixtures is one of the most productive directions of research and synthesis of high-strength concrete with minimum consumption of Portland cement and high physical and mechanical properties. It is advisable to use several structural levels of the clinker component particles.
Investment planning of measures for rehabilitation of industrial residential buildings in Berlin based on simulation models
Authors: Kolobova Svetlana V.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The article examines the German experience of the investment policy of rehabilitation of industrial panel residential buildings. Based on scientific research, the Senate of Berlin decided on the need for rehabilitation of panel housing of the city. German scientists developed an investment policy for supporting the programme of panel housing rehabilitation. Special attention was paid to investment planning and analysis of investments in the programme. Materials and methods. Investment planning of measures for rehabilitation of industrial residential buildings in Berlin carried out from 1990 to 2000 was analysed in the course of the study. The classification of investment payback procedure was investigated. The profitability of investment projects is determined by well-known methods of investment accounting: static and dynamic ones. The German concept of integrated investment analysis system through SIB simulation model programmes is studied. Results. The SIB simulation model is a part of the general investment analysis system. The selection criteria identified in the model should promote investment analysis and facilitate the search for solutions. The OSIM programme performs the actual simulation of solvency and investment accounts. The SOSIM programme specifies the data to control the OSIM simulation programme. Control data are entered and stored in the SAUS programme. The programmes aim at their systematic application to make the considered investments transparent and explainable. Conclusions. The profitability of the rehabilitation programme was determined using well-known methods of investment simulation. When rehabilitating the panel houses, the following parameters were obtained: restoration of physical and moral deterioration of the housing stock, reduction of operating costs, providing people living quality, criteria of demand for housing services and acceptable rent cost, satisfaction of tenants in terms of price-to-quality relation, location and social facilities, employment opportunities, identifying demand for affordable housing. The positive results of the applying investment modeling methods can be used to calculate the profitability of budget investments in the state programme of renovation in Moscow.
The problem of temperature cracking in concrete gravity dams
Authors: Aniskin Nikolay A. , Nguyen Trong Chuc
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The concreting of solid structures, such as concrete dams, bridge constructions, foundations of buildings and structures, is accompanied by exothermic heating, caused by cement hydration. Heat, emitted by mass concrete blocks, slowly leaves constructions. A substantial temperature difference frequently arises between the solid concrete centre and its surface. If this temperature difference reaches a critical value, thermal cracking occurs, which destroys structural continuity. Temperature problems and those associated with thermal stress state should be resolved to pre-assess and prevent potential cracking. This problem has enjoyed the attention of specialists, and it has been the subject of numerous research projects. Materials and methods. The overview is based on the information about implemented research projects focused on the thermal cracking of mass concrete dams and its prevention. Computer modeling techniques were applied to develop a mathematical model capable of projecting and assessing the potential cracking of mass concrete. Results. The co-authors have compiled an overview of advanced approaches to the assessment of potential thermal crack formation, contemporary problem-solving methods and selected research findings obtained using the finite element method. The co-authors offer a thermal behaviour/thermal stress state projection methodology for solid concrete, as well as a thermal crack formation assessment methodology. Conclusions. The thermal cracking problem has not been solved yet. The proposed methodology and a projection-oriented numerical model can be used as a reference by civil engineers in the process of designing and constructing concrete gravity dams. It may help to reduce cracking probability caused by heat evolution in cement.
A study of the process of malodor formation in sewer networks and analysis of methods for its elimination
Authors: Orlov Vladimir A. , Saimullov Alexey V. , Melnik Olga V.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The co-authors analyze the process of malodor formation inside pipelines of non-pressure sewer networks (channels) and their efficient elimination using physicochemical, biological, catalytic, thermal, electric discharge, civil engineering and other methods. Materials and methods. The co-authors have analyzed literary sources, studied the most advanced malodor registration methods (broken down into malodor identification and intensity control) using specialized malodor detectors; they have also considered potential methods for malodor elimination or intensity reduction, as well as prevention of malodor formation and micro-climate preservation in sewer networks. Results. The co-authors have identified the reasons for the formation of malodors inside non-pressure pipelines of sewer networks and a number of negative factors that contribute to the formation of gases. The co-authors offer an overview of methods and technologies preventing the formation of anaerobic conditions inside sewer networks. They describe the cases of several cities where malodors were emitted inside sewer networks, as well as the actions aimed at their suppression in particular environments. The co-authors present specific malodor prevention actions using various methods applied in some countries of the world. Conclusions. The practical implementation of a number of actions aimed at the elimination of malodors in sewer networks is a costly project in terms of capex and operating expenses. Mobile, efficient and economically expedient methods of eliminating specific sources of malodors have been identified. The right choice of actions, technologies, design and device-focused solutions (equipment choice) need a detailed examination in terms of malodor emissions and pipeline systems as a whole, as well as consistent exploratory, research and development efforts.
Creation and updating the I and II classes leveling network in the territory of the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Khodakov P.A. , Basmanov A.V.
Published: April 2020

The authors discuss the current state of the Main high-altitude base (hereinafter – GVO) of the Republic of Crimea, taking into account the work at leveling I and II classes completed in 2016. This work was performed as part of the implementation of the activities of the Modernization and Optimization Programs of the Main High-Altitude Base of Russia. The results of implementing these Programs are considered, they are
State topographic monitoring: geospatial-and-informational potential and ways of implementation
Authors: Brovko E.A. , Vereschaka T.V.
Published: April 2020

The authors highlight the results of ongoing research published in [1]. The ways of possible implementation of the state topographic monitoring (STM) as a geographically distributed information system and the basic component, of the Federal spatial data Fund on the one hand and a single electronic cartographic basis that needs constant updating on the other are proposed. The authors describe the documentary sources of state information resources, their advantages and disadvantages. Integration of Sciences and inter-scientific relations in the monitoring system are considered. The directions of priority developments and the results of research are shown. The concept of the electronic map of zoning the territory of Russia in the order of STM with an illustration of its content and functionality is presented. The automated technology of monitoring at its various stages and levels, defined as overview and detailed, is justified. The purpose of each level, their coordination and relationship are highlighted. A new spatial information resource in the form of a digital topographic map-on-duty is proposed. The technological scheme of detailed topographic monitoring is given. The matter of the need to improve the regulatory and technical regulation of STM is raised. In conclusion, the advantages of monitoring to meet the country’s needs for up-to-date geospatial information are emphasized.
Cadaster of underground areas of the Republic of Armenia as information basis for arranging management of natural and artificial cavities
Authors: Petrosyan H.S. , Vardanyan M.R. , Davtyan S.R. , Aslanyan L.Kh.
Published: April 2020

The authors provide information relating to underground cavities (spaces) in the amount of about 10 thousand identified in the territory of Armenia. The methodology for creating the cadaster of underground spaces provides for its entry into the main system of the real estate cadaster, because according to the relevant law in the Republic of Armenia, underground spaces also belong to real estate. The information of underground spaces is considered in accordance with the developed structure of the database of underground cavities. In creating the database of the underground spaces cadaster, the geographic information system is not used, which represents a compilation of data necessary for the management of underground cavities. A detailed description of the underground cavity cadastral code is given. The issues of determining the status of the underground space are considered. The inventory data of underground spaces are an information basis for solving issues related to the management of underground cavities.
Geoecological analysis of the Russian Federation regions representation in the state program “Environmental Protection”
Authors: Kravets E.A.
Published: April 2020

The author offers mapping and geoecological analysis of the Russian Federation regions presence in the state program “Environmental Protection”. The unequal distribution of the program’s targets and activities in different regions is revealed. A considerable number of relevant environmental problems for several mentioned regions have not been reflected in the program. It is important to increase the area of specially protected natural areas for a significant number of subjects of the Russian Federation. The status “part of the territory occupied by specially protected natural territories of Federal value in the total area of the subject of the Russian Federation” is recommended to be assigned all regions of Russia. Identification and elimination of objects of accumulated environmental damage that threat to the Volga river is relevant, at least for all the regions in which the Volga flows. Not all regions with a high level of air pollution and/or large masses of air pollutants have the indicator “reduction of total emissions for the reporting year”. It is necessary to increase the Program of measures for the protection of rare and endangered species of plants and to expand the list of regions in which it is planned to protect rare and endangered species of animals.
Implementasi Vector Space Model untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pencarian dan Penentuan Derajat Hadits pada Kitab-Kitab Hadits
Authors: Karim Abdul , Yaqin Moh. Ainol
Published: April 2020

Hadits merupakan sumber hukum kedua setelah Al-Quran. Al-Quran merupakan undang-undang yang memuat pokok-pokok dan kaidah-kaidah mendasar bagi Islam, yang mencakup bidang akidah, ibadah, akhlaq, muamalah, dan adab sopan santun. Tidak semua kaum muslimin bisa membaca kitab hadits serta tidak mampu menentukan derajat sebuah hadits apakah hadits itu shahih, lemah, atau palsu padahal ibadah, aqidah, muamalah haruslah dibangun diatas dalil yang shahih baik dari al Quran maupun dari hadits Nabi. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka penelitian adalah membangun sebuah aplikasi yang dapat menentukan derajat sebuah hadits serta dapat meningkatkan kualitas pencaraiannya. Dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi maka komputer dapat berperan sebagai penganti seorang ahli hadits. Salah satu cara untuk mencari derajat dari sebuah hadits adalah dengan me-ranking, kemudian menentukan derajat hadits tersebut apakah hadits tersebut shahih, dhoif ataupun maudhu.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penenlitian ini adalah Vector Space Model (VSM). Berdasarkan konsep yang digunakan tersebut, dikembangkan pemodelan dokumen untuk melakukan perengkinagan terhadap dokumen yang dibutuhkan. Inputan yang diimputkan pada aplikasi yang dibangun adalah potongan hadits, sistem akan mencari hadits berdasarkan inputan keseluruh kitab induk kemudian me-rangking dan menentukan derajat hadits tersebut berdasarkan penilaian ulama ahli hadits. Database kitab induk yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Maktabah Syamila. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah aplikasi yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas pencarian serta menentukan derajat sebuah hadits.
Condiciones técnicas para la ejecución de infraestructuras de movilidad y transporte en Bogotá
Authors: González Urrego Hernán Antonio , Ruge Cárdenas Juan Carlos , Labraña De Miguel Carles
Published: April 2020

Colombia está en un proceso de crecimiento económico acelerado, debido al gran atractivo geopolítico con el que cuenta y su excelente potencial de explotación de recursos naturales. Sin embargo existe un déficit importante de infraestructuras para la movilidad y transporte en los ámbitos rural y urbano, que afecta directamente dichos procesos económicos, en la improductividad ocasionada por las ineficientes infraestructuras de movilidad terrestre que comunican al país. En el ámbito metropolitano, la situación llega a ser crítica como ocurre en Bogotá, ciudad para la cual se han realizado innumerables estudios en ejecución de redes de transporte masivo de pasajeros que no son técnicamente factibles debido a que desconocen toda la complejidad que implica su territorio. Este texto introductorio a otros más específicos de los mismos autores, contiene los parámetros básicos a veces pasados por alto en los estudios de factibilidad técnica, con el objetivo de ponerlos en conocimiento de todos los posibles agentes (como también de los futuros usuarios) que participan en la realización de estudios de construcción en infraestructuras para la movilidad y el transporte con énfasis en Bogotá, aunque algunos de sus contenidos también pueden servir de referente para otras ciudades. Mediante un análisis exhaustivo basado principalmente en información secundaria (fotografías aéreas, imágenes de satélite, fotografías del sitio, microzonificación sísmica, etc…) y experiencias en otras latitudes, se identificaron sitios neurálgicos de la ciudad de Bogotá con problemas de movilidad y que tuvieran un corredor ferroviario existente, para la implantación de un posible futuro Sistema Integrado de Transportes haciendo uso de diferentes tipologías de redes de conexión, a la luz de las necesidades de Bogotá y su conexión regional en el corto (5 a 8 años), mediano (5 a 10 años) y largo plazo (15 a 30 años) con una proyección de 30 años. De acuerdo a diferentes variables que controlan aspectos constructivos de la ciudad, como la complejidad geotécnica, gestión de cultura, recursos, tecnología de construcción, entre otros, se logró de manera conceptual diseñar diferentes alternativas constructivas para infraestructuras de movilidad y transporte considerando los aspectos ya mencionados. El planeamiento urbano de la ciudad respecto al mejoramiento de la movilidad y el transporte, depende principalmente de dos vertientes, el impacto en la calidad de vida de los usuarios (influenciada por la actividad social y económica) y la articulación con la propuesta de transporte modal de Bogotá.
Características familiares en situación de enfermedad crónica
Authors: Uribe Meneses Angélica
Published: April 2020

Describir las características familiares en situación de enfermedad crónica de los cuidadores de niños menores de 15 años con diagnóstico de Parálisis Cerebral Infantil que asistieron al centro de rehabilitación Cardio- Neuro-Muscular de la Ciudad de Cúcuta durante el año 2011. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, retrospectivo, la población estuvo constituida por 70 cuidadores familiares, se utilizaron dos instrumentos “ISF.GEN- 21” de la doctora Pilar Amaya Rey y “Caracterización de los Cuidadores” del grupo de cuidado de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. El primer instrumento hace referencia a la organización sistémica y satisfacción de las familias y el segundo instrumento identifica las características socio-demográficas y de contexto de cuidado. Dentro de las características familiares se encontraron que el 84,3% de las familias presentan un sistema organizado. El 72,9 % de las familias manifiestan estar satisfechas con las características que tienen y un Total el 87,1% de las familias son saludables. Los resultados reportados muestran familias organizadas, satisfechas y saludables lo que refleja la necesidad de que enfermería juegue un papel importante estableciendo planes de acción a seguir que permitirían capacitar, reorganizar el cuidado brindado; es además también la estructura clave posibilitando a la familia adaptarse a las nuevas demandas en este caso las de una enfermedad crónica.
Respuesta del cultivo de pimentón (Capsicum Annuum) a la inoculación con Glomus Manihotis y Acaulospora Lacunosa en suelo con niveles alto de fósforo
Authors: Rojas Martínez Laura Esther
Published: April 2020

Glomus manihotis y Acaulospora lacunosa son hongos formadores de micorrízas-arbusculares; asociaciones simbióticas mutuamente benéficas entre raíces y hongos especializados. Esta formación raíz-hongo realiza diversas funciones en su asociación con las plantas. Investigaciones previas han demostrado que pueden constituir sustitutos biológicos de los fertilizantes minerales. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la inoculación de Glomus manihotis (GL) y Acaulospora lacunosa (ACU) en plantas de pimentón cultivadas en suelos con niveles alto de P. Se utilizó el método de Phillips y Hayman para la determinación del porcentaje de infección. Otras variables fueron: altura, peso fresco total, peso seco aéreo, longitud de la raíz, peso y número de frutos, y contenido de nutrimentos en follaje. Las plantas inoculadas con (GL) registraron un porcentaje de infección de 70,3 %, las inoculadas con (ACU) obtuvieron 45 % y el tratamiento inoculado (GL/ACU) 28 %. La infección tuvo un efecto positivo en la mayoría de variables agronómicas analizadas en las plantas inoculadas con (GL) y (ACU), mas no en el tratamiento mixto (GL/ACU) el cual fue muy similar al control. En cuanto al contenido de nutrimentos en follaje; no hubo diferencias significativas en los tratamientos para NPK, pero se presentaron diferencias significativas en los nutrimentos pocos móviles como Zn, Cu y Fe, favoreciendo a las plantas inoculadas con (ACU). Estos resultados sugieren que la inoculación con hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en condicionesde niveles de fósforo alto puede ser un coadyuvante eficiente en el desarrollo óptimo de una planta, siempre y cuando se determine el hongo específico efectivo bajo estas condiciones.
Eficacia del método de inmunocromatografía en heces para el diagnóstico de Helicobacter Pylori en pacientes con dispepsia: evaluación preliminar
Authors: Bayona Rojas Martín Alonso , Gutiérrez Escobar Andrés Julián , Sánchez Suárez Jeysson Fabián , Mora Camberos Gina Marcela , Salamanca-Muñoz Luisa Fernanda
Published: April 2020

La infección por Helicobacter pylori se considera una de las afecciones emergentes más importantes del presente siglo, relacionándose estrechamente con las enfermedades del tracto gastroduodenal y como factor predisponente para el carcinoma gástrico. Para su diagnóstico se han empleado pruebas invasiva y no invasivas, entre estas últimas la inmunocromatografía en heces, la cual detecta cualitativamente antígenos de éste patógeno. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la eficacia de una inmunocromatografía para el diagnóstico de la infección por H. pylori en pacientes dispépticos de un centro hospitalario de Cundinamarca. Se realizó un estudio preliminar para evaluar una prueba diagnóstica, tomando pacientes con historia de dispepsia y que presentaran reporte de biopsia gástrica en la historia clínica. Se evaluaron muestras de heces y por medio del rapid test SD Bio Line H. pylori Ag™, se determinó la presencia de antígenos de H. pylori en las muestras fecales. Se evaluaron un total de 33 pacientes: 48,4 % hombres y 51,5% mujeres, la sensibilidad fue de 30% y una especificidad de 84.62%. El valor predictivo positivo se calculó en 75% y el valor predictivo negativo fue de 44 %. La especificad calculada para la prueba es comparable con la encontrada en la literatura, no obstante, debido al intervalo que mostró el índice de confiabilidad haría falta más pruebas que permitan aumentar la confiabilidad de los resultados aquí mostrados.
Role of Multicultural Identity in Landscape Perception and Methodological Possibilities of Its Interdisciplinary Analysis
Authors: Kamicaityte Jurate , Grazuleviciute-Vileniske Indre , Gadal Sebastien
Published: April 2020

The paper presents the overview and comparative analysis of landscape cross-cultural and sub-cultural perception research methodologies in order to develop hypothetical methodological framework of interdisciplinary evaluation of cultural differences in landscape perception. The landscape research methods used for the analysis of impact of socio-cultural factors on landscape perception can be classified as mix of psychophysical and cognitive approach and are mostly based on the statistical analysis of the results of sociological research. Drawing the research closer to the relational concept, we propose the hypothetical methodological scheme of interdisciplinary evaluation of cultural differences in landscape perception that integrates landscape research with the knowledge of cultural studies, quantitative sociology (statistical analysis of the results of sociological research: factor analysis, component analysis, correlations, etc.), environmental psychology (cognitive mapping, Landscape Image Sketching Technique, landscape and environmental preferences, way finding, eye-tracking, etc.), and geography (geomatic) (geographic information systems, remote sensing).
Community Perceptions on the Impacts of Art Festivals on Overall Quality of Life, A case study of the Innibos National Arts Festival, South Africa
Authors: Niekerk Mathilda van
Published: April 2020

Art festivals have witnessed a boom in the past few years; with new festivals proliferating that cater to every taste and region, in what has become a vital source of revenue and publicity for cities and artists (Eventbrite, 2014; Relaxnews, 2015). The ideal arts festival represents a carefully crafted mixture of artists, a variety in its programming, being visually spectacular, and also meeting its social objectives (The Guardian, 2015). Art festivals in general are important for many reasons, some of which are to grow the regional and local economies, to promote the specific destination, to contribute to the livelihood of the artists and the local community, displaying different forms of art and to create specific images of the destinations. An art festival should therefore not only exist or take place; it should make some form of contribution to its stakeholders (Getz and Andersson 2010). When art festivals are, therefore, hosted in a specific area the lives of the local community become affected by it either in a positive or in a negative way. Art festivals have various impacts (socio-cultural, environmental, political and economic) on stakeholders, and on one of the most important stakeholders, that is, the local community. For years festival impact studies have mainly focused on the economic, environmental and socio-cultural impact of festivals on the local community, but a limited number of researchers have conducted studies to measure the impact of art festivals on the overall quality of life of the community members and the community as a whole. In order to do this, it is important to look at which socio-demographic variables influence the quality of life of the community and its members.
Visual Arts Festivals and Globalisation, The rise of biennials
Authors: Sassatelli Monica
Published: April 2020

Biennials or biennales are periodic, independent and international art exhibitions surveying trends in contemporary art; since the 1990s they have proliferated across the globe. Biennials are much more than curated displays, they constitute ‘festival-exhibitions’ working as “a public model and a shifting backdrop against which the meanings of contemporary art are constructed, maintained and sometimes irrevocably altered” (Ferguson et al., 2005: 48). Whilst most contemporary post-traditional festivals (Giorgi and Sassatelli, 2011) have ancient roots, it is only in recent years that they have become an almost ubiquitous fixture of cultural calendars in cities around the world. This current proliferation is even more striking for art biennials. They arguably originate from the Venice Biennale, held for the first time in 1895, but have long exceeded their European, Western origin to establish a global format. Up to the 1980s they were only reproduced in a handful of examples; today biennials and derivates (triennials and others) have become key institutional nodes linking production, consumption and distribution of contemporary art. With now over 150 biennials around the world, we are increasingly likely to encounter contemporary art through their mediation, directly as visitors or more indirectly via the nebula of critical discourse and more generally the media coverage they generate. The phenomenon attracting attention has become not just the biennials but more specifically the biennalisation of the art world. The term biennalisation is used within the art world itself as shorthand to refer to the proliferation and standardisation of biennial exhibitions under a common (if rather loose) format. Sociologically, biennalisation can thematise the shifting set of cultural classifications, practices and values that differentiate the contemporary art world, affecting both its content (now sometimes referred to as biennial art) and the type of rationale and experience it crystallises. As phenomena that increasingly represent themself “on a global scale” (Vogel 2010), biennials offer a unique vantage point to access what is often termed ‘global culture’. However, they remain rarely empirically studied in clearly defined contexts, especially beyond affirmation or negations of their measurable impact (Buchholz and Wuggenig, 2005). Reprising within the art world unsolved dilemmas in the analysis of cultural globalisation, alleged optimists see in biennials the “embracing of a democratic redistribution of cultural power” (De Duve 2009: 45); whilst pessimists point rather to the “recognition of a new form of cultural hegemony and re-colonization” (2009: 45). This chapter traces the rise of the biennial, across time and space, providing contextualisation and interpretation for what are now often hyperbolic accounts of “hundreds of biennials” (Seijdel 2009: 4) across the globe.