bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un bosque urbano en el desierto: conservación de la biodiversidad en Lima, Perú
Authors: Orellana Asenjo Giancarlo Jeremy , Gamarra Bustamante Julio André , Móstiga Rodríguez Maricel Jadith , Morales Moquillaza Luisa Grisell , Bulnes Soriano Carlos Fernando , Yancce Velarde Rocío Yovana
Published: February 2025

La creciente urbanización mundial convierte a la conservación de los bosques urbanos en una estrategia fundamental para alcanzar la sostenibilidad y el bienestar humano. Lima, una megaciudad ubicada en el desierto, no cuenta con la infraestructura verde para afrontar las múltiples problemáticas. Es así como en el “Vivero Forestal” de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM) se viene desarrollando el proyecto “Centro de la Diversidad Natural y Cultural del Perú”, que tiene por finalidad ser la principal muestra viva de la riqueza florística y cultural del país. Este estudio tiene por objetivo evidenciar la conservación de la biodiversidad presente en el bosque urbano Vivero Forestal. Para ello, se realizó un censo de los árboles, palmeras y algunos arbustos y herbáceas, y una revisión bibliográfica para identificar las especies de fauna silvestre. Asimismo, se identificó la procedencia según su distribución natural y aquellas que estuvieran amenazadas. El Vivero Forestal alberga en sus 25 hectáreas a 5898 individuos, en su mayoría visualmente sanos (78 especies forestales y 31 familias botánicas), de los cuales el 25% se encuentra en peligro de extinción (11especies). Además, presenta 32 especies forestales nativas del Perú (10 de la costa, siete de la sierra y 15 de la selva). El vivero es, principalmente, el hábitat de especies de la faunacostera. Hay 66 especies de aves, de las cuales tres están en peligro de extinción; una especie de anfibios; cuatro especies de murciélagos; una especie de roedores y cuatro especies de reptiles, de las cuales dos están amenazadas. El estudio resalta al Vivero Forestal como uno de los espacios más biodiversos de la ciudad de Lima y reconoce su potencial para convertirse en parte de la Red de Jardines Botánicos Nacionales del Perú.
Vorwort zur Themenausgabe "KI-basierte Anwendungen in der Vermittlung slavischer Sprachen"
Authors: Birzer Sandra , Steinbach Andrea
Published: February 2025

Wir freuen uns, Ihnen die SlavUn-Themenausgabe KI-basierte Anwendungen in der Vermittlung slavischer Sprachen präsentieren zu dürfen. In einer Zeit, in der Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) zunehmend in Bildungsprozesse integriert wird, bietet diese Ausgabe einen Einblick in die Chancen und Herausforderungen, die mit der Nutzung von KI-Anwendungen in der Sprachvermittlung verbunden sind.
Comprehensive Analysis of Random Forest and XGBoost Performance with SMOTE, ADASYN, and GNUS Upsampling under Varying Imbalance Levels
Authors: Imani Mehdi , Beikmohammadi Ali , Arabnia Hamid Reza
Published: February 2025

This study examines the efficacy of Random Forest and XGBoost classifiers in conjunction with three upsampling techniques—SMOTE, ADASYN, and Gaussian Noise Up-Sampling (GNUS)—across datasets with varying class imbalance levels, ranging from moderate to extreme (15% to 1% churn rate). Employing metrics such as F1-Score, ROC AUC, PR AUC, Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), and Cohen’s Kappa, this research provides a comprehensive evaluation of classifier performance under different imbalance scenarios, with a focus on applications in the telecommunications domain. The findings highlight that XGBoost paired with SMOTE consistently achieves the highest F1-Score and robust performance across all imbalance levels. SMOTE emerged as the most effective upsampling method, particularly when used with XGBoost, whereas Random Forest performed poorly under severe imbalance. ADASYN showed moderate effectiveness with XGBoost but underperformed with Random Forest, and GNUS produced inconsistent results. The study underscores the impact of data imbalance, with MCC, Kappa, and F1-Scores fluctuating significantly, whereas ROC AUC and PR AUC remained relatively stable. Moreover, rigorous statistical analyses employing the Friedman test and Nemenyi post-hoc comparisons confirmed that the observed improvements in F1-Score, PR-AUC, Kappa, and MCC were statistically significant (p<0.05), with Tuned_XGB_SMOTE significantly outperforming Tuned_RF_GNUS. While differences in ROC-AUC were not significant, the consistency of these results across multiple performance metrics underscores the reliability of our framework, offering a statistically validated and attractive solution for model selection in imbalanced classification scenarios.
Assessment of the Transportation of Abandoned Mine Water Contaminants to the Surrounding Aquifers. A Case of Mlolongo Open-Pit Lake, Kenya
Authors: Chepkoech Ronnice , Alunda Bernard Ouma , Nzioka Antony Mutua
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the water quality of Open-pit Lake and the potential transportation of contaminants to the surrounding aquifers over time. The objectives included determining key water quality parameters, and modelling contaminants' spatial distribution and migration to understand their impact on the surrounding aquifers. Among the measured chemical water quality parameters, calcium (Ca), potassium(K), aluminium (Al), sulphates (SO₄²⁻), chlorides (Cl⁻), nitrite (NO₂⁻), nitrate (NO₃⁻), and nitrogen (N) were within WHO threshold recommended limits. However, sodium (Na), ammonia (NH₄⁺), manganese (Mn), fluoride (F⁻), carbonates (CO₃2⁻), iron (Fe), and phosphates (PO43−) exceed WHO recommended threshold limits. The potential migration and transportation of contaminants were then modelled using MODFLOW and MT3DMS codes. The hydrological, geological, and concentration of contaminants were used as input parameters for the Processing MODFLOW Pro and MT3DMS models. The spatial distribution and travel distance of the selected three contaminants; sodium (Na), carbonates (CO₃2⁻), and nitrate (NO₃⁻) from Mlolongo Open-pit Lake to the surrounding aquifers was simulated. The findings show that the spatial distribution and travel distance increase with time, with shallow aquifers being more vulnerable than deeper aquifers. In addition, the projection of the concentration of contaminants in the surrounding aquifers shows that the concentration of the contaminant increases with time and stabilizes after some time due to dilution and increased travel time. The Processing MODFLOW Pro validation results show a Mean Root Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.2240, indicating a minimal difference between the modelling results and the actual observed values, and thus, a lower modelling error.
Sex-specific dispersal patterns of the threatened Northern River Shark
Authors: Devloo-Delva Floriaan , Kyne Peter , Marthick James , Grant Michael , Gunasekera Rasanthi , Johnson Grant , Morgan David , Pillans Richard , Saunders Thor , White William , Grewe Peter , Feutry Pierre
Published: February 2025

Quantifying genetic connectivity between populations of a species is important to understand its conservation and management needs. Genetic connectivity implies gene flow among discrete populations occurring via the dispersal of individuals outside their population of origin, followed by reproduction. This process can be biased between sexes, with increasing evidence of sex-biased dispersal in elasmobranchs (sharks and rays). In this study we assessed the historical and contemporary connectivity of the threatened Northern River Shark (Glyphis garricki) using mitochondrial genomes, complemented with a genealogical framework based on close-kin relationships. Almost all of the 11 sampling locations in five regions across their known range formed a distinct breeding unit, with those locations in close geographical proximity sharing more kin. Close-kin results, based on cross-river half siblings and mitochondrial haplotypes, suggested that males had higher dispersal rates (63 % [23–68 %]), compared to females (10 % [5–20 %]). High fixation indices (global ΦST = 0.71) and a large proportion of same-river maternal half siblings (89 % [79–95 %]) indicated that females returned to their river of origin for pupping (i.e. natal philopatry on historical and contemporary timescales). By including full mitochondrial genome data, close-kin methods can detect sex-biased contemporary connectivity over the last couple generations. This is crucially important for the framing of conservation and management actions, and could require a sex-specific assessment of threats.
Respiratory syncytial virus G glycoprotein promotes Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced severe pneumonia
Authors: Li Lu , Long Xin , Wan Yushun , Wang Yuncheng , Shi Peiru , Liu Enmei , Deng Yu
Published: February 2025

Objectives
Co-infection with RSV and S.pn is linked to severe, often fatal pneumonia, with unclear molecular mechanisms. This study investigates whether RSV and S.pn interaction enhances pneumococcal pathogenicity and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Methods
We co-incubated S.pn with RSV and transnasally infected mice, using RNA-seq and proteomics to analyze bacterial pathogenesis. Airway epithelial cells were infected with RSV and subsequently challenged with S.pn. We constructed an in vitro biofilm model for further study. Confocal microscopy and Western blotting investigated the association between the RSV G glycoprotein and S.pn. Mass spectrometry and pull-down assays identified surface proteins involved in direct binding.
Results
After incubation with RSV, S.pn exhibited a significant increase in inflammatory response and adherence to epithelial cells, as well as enhanced virulence in a murine pneumonia model. These effects were associated with extensive changes in the proteomics of S.pn and significantly upregulated expression of peptidoglycan biosynthesis genes. Additionally, we found that the RSV G glycoprotein binds to the maltodextrin ABC transporter substrate-binding protein of S.pn, which may explain how RSV infection enhances S.pn adhesion to cells.
Conclusions
The direct interaction between the RSV G glycoprotein and S.pn, leading to increased bacterial pathogenicity and more severe disease outcomes, represents a novel paradigm in respiratory infections.
Clinical trial number
Not applicable.
Development and in-vitro Assessment of Topical Gel of Celecoxib-Loaded Nanosponges for the Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Shanmugam Saraswathi Tenpattinam , Bukke Sarad Pawar Naik , Natarajan Preethi , Narapureddy Bayapa Reddy , Almoyad Muhammad Ali Abdullah
Published: February 2025

Background
Osteoarthritis is characterised by degenerative changes, while rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disorder characterised by swelling and inflammation in the synovial membranes of the joints, which leads to bone erosion and joint deformity. Although new drugs have expanded treatment options, severe rheumatoid arthritis can significantly impair physical functions.
Methods
Using Emulsion Solvent Evaporation technology with a 32-factorial design. Various concentrations of ethyl-cellulose (EC) and poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) as rate-inhibiting copolymers. The Nanosponges were also tested for particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficacy (EE), and drug loading. It was subjected to physicochemical characterisation using FT-IR, XRD, TEM and SEM. The Carbopol 934P gel was treated with an optimised CENS containing an equal amount of Celecoxib. The celecoxib-loaded NS gel was further tested for viscosity, spreadability, drug diffusion, stability, and skin irritation.
Results
CENS2 was constituted of Celecoxib, EC, and PVA, with particle size (259 ± 0.63nm), ZP (-7.01 ± 0.01 mV), and %EE (98.1%). The physicochemical tests of the produced NS showed polymer-drug compatibility, efficient drug encapsulation, and that the drug remained non-crystalline within the spherical NS. CENS3 topical gels revealed 86.3% drug diffusion in Franz cells after good drug release.
Conclusion
The current study suggests that a The CENS3-based gel could improve the transdermal delivery process without inducing skin irritation. Celecoxib Nanosponges gel could prove effective against Rheumatoid arthritis.
Risk of Newly Incident Diabetes Mellitus and Treatment Risk Factors in Breast Cancer Survivors: Landmark Analyses of Nationwide Data
Authors: Shim Hyeongjin , Kim Bong-seong , Han Kyungdo , Koo Hye Yeon , Kim Seonghye , Lee Dagyeong , Cho In Young , Jung Wonyoung , Shin Dong Wook
Published: February 2025

Background
While breast cancer increases the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM), its temporal relationships according to age group and treatment risk factors for DM have not been comprehensively investigated. In this study we explore temporal patterns of DM risk in breast cancer survivors, stratified by age and risk factors.
Methods
Using the National Health Insurance Service database in South Korea, this retrospective cohort study analyzed 65,982 breast cancer survivors and 168,214 age-matched controls, excluding those with prior DM or other cancers. Multivariable Fine-Gray models adjusted for sociodemographics, comorbidities, lifestyle behaviors, and cancer treatments assessed DM risk, with landmark analyses at 1, 3, and 5 years post-diagnosis and stratification by age (≤ 50 and > 50 years).
Results
In women ≤ 50, DM risk was highest in the first year post-diagnosis (sHR 3.74, 95% CI 3.08–4.55), decreased at 1 year (sHR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03–1.19), and showed no significant increase in 3-year and subsequent analyses. In women > 50, DM risk was also elevated in the first year (sHR 1.71, 95% CI 1.92–2.35) but not later. Significant risk factors included BMI ≥ 25 (sHR 1.45), smoking (sHR 1.72), hypertension (sHR 1.48), dyslipidemia (sHR 1.49), and taxane use (sHR 1.15). Tamoxifen was a risk factor in younger women (sHR 1.22, 95% CI 1.06–1.40).
Conclusion
Breast cancer survivors face the highest DM risk within the first year post-diagnosis, particularly younger women. Risk factors include obesity, smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and treatments such as taxane and tamoxifen.
Design and Implementation of a Centralized Monitoring and Controlling System for Campus Lighting
Authors: Kakarla Hussain , Patil Swaroop Vilas , Chougale Gufaran Ainuddin , Jadhav Soudhagar Bharat , Bhojne Sairaj Shrikant , Dapke Ganesh B
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the comprehensive design and implementation of a centralized monitoring and controlling system for college campus lighting. The system integrates a microcontroller with various sensors, relays, contactors, and a Node-MCU Wi-Fi module to create an efficient, automated, and scalable lighting solution. By enabling real-time monitoring and remote control, the system aims to optimize energy consumption, reduce operational costs, and enhance the overall convenience and reliability of campus lighting management. The proposed solution not only ensures sustainable energy usage but also provides a flexible framework that can be adapted to different campus environments. The implementation demonstrates significant improvements in both energy efficiency and ease of maintenance, highlighting its potential as a smart solution for large-scale lighting systems.
The Service Needs Index: A Tool to Quantify Complexity and Identify Treatment Needs in Youth Mental Health Services
Authors: Capon William , Hickie Ian B , Varidel Mathew , Crouse Jacob J , Rosenberg Sebastian , Dimitroupoulos Gina , LaMonica Haley M , Scott Elizabeth M , Iorfino Frank
Published: February 2025

Background While digital technologies can facilitate the comprehensive mental health assessment of an individual’s treatment needs, they also enable the aggregation and analysis of data at a population or service level. The Service Needs Index (made up of clinical, psychosocial, and comorbidity components) collectively expresses a concise metric for the type, range, and complexity of young people’s treatment needs.Methods Using data from 1611 young people, we examined the Service Needs Index (made up of Clinical, Psychosocial, and Comorbidity subscores) across four mental health service populations (headspace Camperdown, urban headspaces, regional headspaces, and Mind Plasticity (a private practice in Sydney, Australia). ANCOVA and pairwise comparisons were conducted controlling for age and sex. Bayesian logistic regression examined the association between index scores and the odds of being at-risk for psychological distress.Results There was significant variability in service needs index scores (and subscores) between the four service populations. The private practice (Mind Plasticity) and regional headspaces had greater complexity than urban headspace services and headspace Camperdown. Complexity was driven by different patterns, with Mind Plasticity having relatively higher clinical and comorbidity needs, while regional headspace services had higher clinical and psychosocial needs. Higher index scores were associated with increased odds of being at-risk for a mental disorder (Kessler-10 > 25), with the Service Needs Index requiring the lowest necessary score increase (6.1-units) to double the odds of being at-risk (OR = 2.0).Conclusions The differences across service groups provide examples on how indices may shape policy and system-level decision-making in headspace services and other Primary Health Networks. The Service Needs Index measures complexity and could inform system-level decision-making by providing insights into trends, resource allocation, and the efficacy of interventions across broader groups.
A qualitative study of health, social, and community professionals’ practices to reduce alcohol- related risks among people living in social precarity in the Greater Paris region
Authors: Frechet Coline , Kane Rokhayatou , Veyrier Clair-Antoine , Yaya Issifou , Alain Tristan , Duracinsky Martin , Kokule Lisa Yombo , Cabrolier Lorraine Cousin
Published: February 2025

People living in social precarity have greater risk of developing alcohol use disorder. Current alcohol use disorder healthcare guidelines recommend implementing partial abstinence-based harm reduction practices, particularly for most-at-risk groups, to minimize the consequences of such a radical change on users and their loved ones. This qualitative study described and analyzed alcohol harm reduction practices adopted by health, social, and community professionals working with people living in social precarity in the Greater Paris region. A thematic analysis of the data revealed the following three alcohol harm reduction practices: (i) authorizing the consumption of alcohol in care facilities, (ii) reducing alcohol consumption, and (iii) providing prevention interventions and information on alcohol consumption.
The facilities share a common focus on building trust and cultural adaptation, with varying levels of patient engagement from passive to active involvement. Alcohol harm reduction practices differ based on location, population served, and users' level of precarity, while addressing both social needs and alcohol consumption simultaneously. A standard definition of the concept of alcohol harm reduction among people living in social precarity is essential so that harm reduction practices can be standardized and their effects objectively assessed.
Theoretical estimation of transcript complexity via the condition number of a random matrix
Authors: Zhang Bo , Guo Yaohui , Liu Guoping , Zou Meng
Published: February 2025

Transcript quantification varies substantially across classical tools like Cufflinks, StringTie, featureCounts, and RSEM, undermining reliability and reproducibility. To address this, we propose a systematic framework for evaluating transcript complexity by calculating the condition number of a gene-specific random matrix, which bounds quantification error and reflects tool discrepancies. Specifically, genes with low condition numbers consistently show high correlations (PCC > 0.8) across tools, whereas genes with high condition numbers exhibit poorer correlations, reflecting tool-specific biases. Longer reads reduce complexity, and as reads lengthen, the condition number approaches 1. Additionally, hybrid-seq reduces quantification error for genes with high condition numbers in short-read data and low condition numbers in long-read data. Notably, unique mapping strategies introduce quantification errors exceeding those of multiple mapping approaches by over 10-fold, even for low-complexity genes, but this discrepancy disappears with sufficiently long read lengths. Integrating transcript complexity metrics with sequencing strategies is essential for improving RNA-seq quantification accuracy.
Characteristics and challenges of epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy : a population-based study
Authors:   , Dos Santos Rufino Ana
Published: February 2025

Infantile cerebral palsy (CP) is a chronic neurological disorder comprising heterogeneous subtypes with different clinical symptoms. Structural epilepsy is a common comorbidity, but its prevalence varies greatly between the different CP subtypes. The aim of the present retrospective study was to determine the prevalence and specific characteristics of epilepsy in a population-based CP cohort and to correlate them with different disease-specific and sociodemographic factors. For this purpose, data from the CP register of western Sweden was used.
All children born between January 2003 and December 2006 in the county of Västra Götaland in Sweden with confirmed diagnosis of CP were included. Data was manually extracted from the medical records at two predefined time periods, i.e., at the age of 9,0-12,0 years and at the age of 13,0-16,0 years.
Of the 140 children initially identified in the registry, two had already deceased before reaching the second inclusion date, leaving a total number of 138 patients (98,6%) in the cohort (43,5% female, 56,5% male). An epilepsy diagnosis was present in 42,8% (n = 59) of patients. Predictive factors for the development of epilepsy were the presence of dyskinetic CP, a positive history of neonatal seizures, a more severe mental or motor disability and the presence of a comorbid autism spectrum disorder. Children with dyskinetic CP were also more likely to have infantile spasms, continuous spike-and-wave discharges during sleep, and status epilepticus compared to other CP subgroups. Almost all patients with epilepsy received anti- seizure monotherapy (45,7%) or polytherapy (45,7%); only 8,5% report of patients did not receive epilepsy-specific therapy. An age of > 2,0 years at epilepsy diagnosis, female gender and imaging evidence of an isolated white matter damage was associated with a more benign course of epilepsy.
In summary, epilepsy is a common complication in children with CP, especially in those with a dyskinetic type. Based on this population-based retrospective cohort analysis, further predictive factors for the development of epilepsy as well as for its further complicative or refractory course could be developed. These results may help to improve the care of children with CP and comorbid epilepsy in the future.
O pluralismo jurídico como instrumento de legitimação dos direitos dos sujeitos do campo
Authors: Silva Karla Karoline Rodrigues , Rosero Alvaro Maurício Chamorro
Published: February 2025

O artigo visa discutir a proteção dos direitos dos sujeitos do campo no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro no contexto dos conflitos agrários. Apresenta-se como objetivo geral analisar o pluralismo jurídico como instrumento de legitimação dos direitos dos sujeitos do campo a partir de outras normatividades do Direito. Os objetivos específicos são: examinar a constituição do camponês como sujeito de direito coletivo; analisar a proteção dos direitos dos sujeitos do campo sob a ótica do monismo jurídico e investigar o pluralismo jurídico como via alternativa para assegurar o direito ao acesso à terra. A metodologia adotada parte da abordagem quantitativa, análise de dados, com ênfase na revisão bibliográfica. Os dados foram coletados perante a Comissão Pastoral da Terra (CPT). Conclui-se que o ordenamento jurídico, em seu paradigma tradicional moderno (monismo jurídico), tem-se mostrado insuficiente na proteção dos direitos dos camponeses, em sua coletividade. O pluralismo jurídico é uma alternativa para conferir aos camponeses, enquanto sujeitos coletivos do campo, o acesso democrático à terra reivindicado nos conflitos agrários.
The effects of international human rights treaties on the population's health: a systematic review
Authors: Nichele Cíntia da Silva Telles , Ferreira Aldo Pacheco
Published: February 2025

Objective: The study aims to describe the scientific literature regarding the association between the ratification of international pacts and the improvement of the health situation. Methods: This is a systematic review of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes model in the bibliographic bases of the Virtual Health Library, the Scientific Electronic Library Online, the National Library of Medicine and National Institute of Health, and CAPES Periodicals Portal. Results: Studies from 9 international treaties were found in the literature. Among them, four were considered ineffective because they were not associated with positive changes in the health status of individuals. The other 4 achieved relevant practical consequences with statistically significant changes to anemia in pregnant women, the woman's life expectancy, family planning, prenatal care, infant and maternal mortality, and the prevalence of smoking. Conclusion: This review showed that there are few scientific works in this area and that, in general, the practical effects of international health commitments are less than expected.
Clusters de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em agentes comunitários de saúde
Authors: De Oliveira Priscila Antunes , Macedo Mônica Thaís Soares , Freitas Ronilson Ferreira , Rocha Antônio Lincoln de Freitas , Rossi-Barbosa Luiza Augusta Rosa , Popoff Daniela Araújo Veloso , Rocha Josiane Santos Brant
Published: February 2025

Este estudo objetivou estimar a prevalência de clusters de fatores comportamentais de risco para Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT), bem como os fatores associados em Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS). Trata-se de um estudo censitário, transversal analítico, derivado de um projeto de pesquisa intitulado Condições de trabalho e saúde de ACS do norte de Minas Gerais: estudo longitudinal, realizado na cidade de Montes Claros, MG. A variável dependente foi a presença simultânea, ou clusters, de três ou mais fatores comportamentais de risco para DCNT. A definição de variáveis associadas foi realizada após análise de regressão múltipla de Poisson com variância robusta. Participaram do estudo 675 ACS. Desses, 57.6% (n=389) apresentaram pelo menos três fatores de risco simultâneos para DCNT, sendo os mais prevalentes baixo consumo de frutas, inatividade física e consumo abusivo de refrigerantes. As variáveis que se mostraram associadas ao cluster de fatores comportamentais foram idade maior ou igual a 37 anos (RP=0.87; IC95%=0.81-0.94; p=0.001), percepção do estado de saúde ruim (RP=1.08; IC95%=1.00-1.16; p=0.037) e presença de hipertensão (RP=1.17; IC95%=1.06-1.30; p=0.001). Conclui-se que a prevalência de três ou mais fatores de risco para DCNT nos ACS foi elevada, e que fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos estão associados ao desfecho investigado. Considerando os resultados registrados, os serviços de saúde devem propiciar políticas de atenção diferenciadas aos ACS, buscando prevenir os fatores comportamentais que podem elevar a morbimortalidade por DCNT.
Desafios na aquisição pública de EPI em hospitais federais do Rio de Janeiro / Brasil durante a COVID-19
Authors: Muniz Angelucia , De Castro Claudia Garcia Serpa Osorio , Da Silva Rondineli Mendes
Published: February 2025

O estudo de abordagem descritiva mapeou obstáculos e estratégias empregadas nas compras públicas de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI). Envolveu a aplicação de questionário eletrônico autopreenchido a profissionais com experiência com compras, oriundos de hospitais públicos federais, composto por questões sobre características gerais, problemas mais recorrentes e estratégias usadas frente aos obstáculos aos processos aquisitivos de sete EPI selecionados (avental, máscara cirúrgica, máscara respiradora PFF2 ou N95, touca, protetor facial, óculos de proteção e sapatilha). Observou-se a reincidência de aquisições com emprego das novas normativas instituídas pelo governo brasileiro, que dispensavam a licitação. Problemas relacionados aos preços elevados e à sua escassez dos EPI no mercado foram citados por quase 80% dos respondentes, especialmente para os aventais descartáveis, máscaras cirúrgicas e máscaras respiradoras (PPF2 e N95). A explosão da demanda por EPI associada a ruptura no abastecimento mundial contribuiu para a existência de preços abusivos. Negociações com as empresas envolvidas nos certames aquisitivos, troca de informações entre compradores e a busca de novos fornecedores foram as medidas mais destacadas para lidar com os diversos problemas apresentados. Dificuldades na execução de compras de EPI refletiram a insuficiência na cadeia de abastecimento, além de fragilidades na capacidade produtiva no Brasil e no mundo. As ações mitigadoras empregadas frente aos problemas nas compras mostram a resiliência dos sistemas de compras.
Violência intrafamiliar e o ato infracional: Percepções de adolescentes em cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas de internação
Authors: Kalume Sabrina Mamede Napoleão , Torquato Jamille Gabriela da Silva , Ramos Maély Ferreira Holanda
Published: February 2025

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as percepções dos adolescentes em cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas sobre violência intrafamiliar sofrida e o ato infracional. Trata-se de um estudo documental, com abordagem quali-quantativa, exploratória e descritiva, aplicando as técnicas de categorização e frequenciação da Análise de Conteúdo. Foram analisados 30 relatórios de meninos adolescentes, disponibilizados pela Fundação de Atendimento Socioeducativo, por meio das Unidades Socioeducativas Masculina, Uase/IMA I, no período de 2020 a 2023, os quais foram analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostram que 40% dos adolescentes não possui contato com o pai; 23,30% não conhece e 6,60 % indicou que o pai/genitor estava preso; 26,60% possui uma relação conflituosa com a mãe. Em 2 casos de irmãos traficantes, com passagem pelo sistema de medidas socioeducativas, além de outros 2 que foram assassinados. Quanto aos relatos de violência física, constatou-se que a presença de violência física (f=7), tendo como agressores o padrasto (f=3) e o pai-genitor/pai adotivo (f=3). Nos 8 casos de violência intrafamiliar havia o contexto de família desestruturada e em 5 deles a categoria vulnerabilidade social. A partir dos resultados obtidos, fica notório a urgência do debate e da expansão de ações que venham a garantir a segurança e o bem-estar de crianças e adolescentes dentro do ambiente intrafamiliar. Além disso, a falta de diagnóstico e de dados específicos sobre a violência intrafamiliar também dificulta o aprofundamento na temática e limita a pesquisa, sendo necessário investigar as características dos autores e dos fatores associados.
Modeling surface water potential and allocating water demand in the Nashe River watershed using water evaluation and planning
Authors: Asrat Taye Tadesse , Feyessa Fekadu Fufa , Sime Chala Hailu
Published: February 2025

The Nashe River watershed in Ethiopia is experiencing increased water demand due to the growing socioeconomic activities. As a result, the study aimed to assess the surface water potential and allocate water demands in the Nashe watershed, Ethiopia, by utilizing the water evaluation and planning model. The model was calibrated using observed and simulated streamflow data, resulting in a good performance with a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.955, a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.952, and a percentage of bias of −2.859. In the base year (2019), the annual surface runoff was estimated at 1.197 billion cubic meters (BCM), while the current annual water demand is 328.35 million cubic meters (MCM), indicating no water shortage currently. However, future scenario analysis considering a 3.9% annual irrigation expansion showed an increase in irrigation water demand from 0.30076 MCM in the base year to 0.984 MCM by 2050. Additionally, a scenario analyzing natural climate variation indicated a decrease in available surface water resources, ranging from 1.197 BCM during a normal year to 0.267 BCM during a very dry year. The study revealed that there will be unmet water demand during dry months and excess water demand during wet months.
COMPARISON OF THE STRENGTH OF THE DESIGN OF THE MOBILITY UNIT OF THE HIP JOINT ENDOPROSTHESIS WITH MONOLITHIC AND NON-MONOLITHIC USB CARBOSITALL
Authors:   Penza State University, A. Ksenofontov Mikhail , Yu. Muyzemnek Aleksandr ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Background. The relevance of the topic is due to the need for a friction pair for hip replacement, which could ensure longer functioning without the need for revision operations. The purpose of the work is a comparison of the strength of the design of the head and liner of the hip joint endoprosthesis with a friction pair made of monolithic and non-monolithic USB carbositall. Materials and methods. The computer model of the hip joint is based on the finite element method. To assess the strength, the P.P. Balandin criterion was used. Results. The developed computer models made it possible to evaluate the strength of various designs of the head and liner of the hip joint endoprosthesis. Evaluation of the obtained stress data revealed insufficient strength of the design of the mobility unit of the hip joint endoprosthesis with non-monolithic USB carbositall. The design of the endoprosthesis with monolithic USB carbositall has a safety margin of 4.5. Conclusions. The design of the head and liner using monolithic components of USB carbositall makes it possible to provide a sufficient margin of safety for the mobility unit for use in hip arthroplasty.
Geographic origin determination in emeralds from Colombia, Zambia, and Pakistan: photoluminescence analysis and correlation with trace elements
Authors: García-Toloza Javier , Cedeño Carlos Julio , González Valentina , Alvarado Holman , Angarita Gabriel , Ochoa Cristian David , Ávila Juan David , Betancur-Acevedo Camilo
Published: February 2025

Determining an emerald's origin can be challenging due to the presence of crystals with similar physicochemical properties in different parts of the world. The analyses of the chemical composition of emeralds have become increasingly relevant in light of the diverse genetic environments in which they are found. However, discovering new deposits with comparable characteristics has prompted researchers to develop innovative techniques for determining their provenance. This publication presents the results of a photoluminescence analysis to differentiate Colombian emeralds from those from other parts of the world, specifically from Zambia and Pakistan. The study employed the wavelength position of R1 in 684 nm to achieve this differentiation. Furthermore, it allows for the differentiation between crystals of both Colombian emerald belts, utilising the R1 position at 683.65 nm and its intensity. Chemical analysis grants emeralds from both belts to be distinguished by the quantity of elements such as K, Cl, and Sc, as well as the ratio between chromophore elements (Cr/V). Finally, the low abundance of elements such as Fe, Ti, Cu, Zn, and Ni in Colombian emeralds compared with those from Zambia and Pakistan allows further differentiation among deposits.
Letramento literário de alunos e alunas de pedagogia: entre os instrumentos e a formação
Authors:   , Silva Maria Juliana de Macêdo
Published: February 2025

Os baixos índices de compreensão leitora apresentados pelos estudantes brasileiros a partir de pesquisas e avaliações como o Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), Retratos da Leitura no Brasil e Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB) leva a refletir sobre o processo de formação leitora dos estudantes, futuros professores e professoras da Educação Básica, uma vez que são esses os profissionais responsáveis por promover a formação leitora dos estudantes que são submetidos aos processos avaliativos já mencionados. Sendo assim, o objetivo geral deste estudo é analisar o nível de compreensão leitora de narrativas ficcionais dos alunos e alunas do curso de Pedagogia, tendo como objetivos específicos: identificar as características da narrativa ficcional e sua relação com a formação leitora, construir um instrumento para diagnóstico da compreensão leitora de narrativas ficcionais e identificar o nível de compreensão leitora de narrativas ficcionais dos alunos e alunas de um curso de Pedagogia. Nesse sentido, para responder aos objetivos, o presente trabalho parte de uma pesquisa de métodos mistos, combinando abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, orienta-se pela seguinte questão: como se encontra o nível de compreensão leitora literária dos alunos e alunas do curso de Pedagogia? Para isso, construiu-se um instrumento de diagnóstico da Compreensão Leitora de Narrativas Ficcionais – COMPLEIN que, por meio de 5 passos, estabelece o nível de compreensão leitora dos sujeitos pesquisados. Foi adotado um referencial teórico ancorado em autores como: Azevedo (2002, 2007); Colomer (2007); Pontes (2012); Pontes e Azevedo (2013) para discutir sobre formação leitora; Bettelheim (2012); Eco (1986, 1994, 2003); Lajolo (1994); Zilberman (2003), para debater sobre leitura literária; Cosson (2009), para letramento literário; Freire (2001, 2009, 2011), para argumentar sobre formação de professores; Gil (2016); Marconi e Lakatos (2003); Richardson (2017), para estruturar o percurso metodológico. Os resultados mostram números inferiores ao estudo piloto realizado, respectivamente 231,71/500 e 312,94/500, o que indica uma baixa compreensão leitora literária dos alunos pesquisados
O pibid na construção dos saberes e práticas para o ensino de história: um estudo a partir de narrativas (auto)biográficas
Authors:   , Cordeiro Fátima Nailena da Fonsêca
Published: February 2025

Esta dissertação tem como ponto central as narrativas (auto)biográficas de docentes egressos do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência-PIBID, do curso de Licenciatura Plena em História. O objetivo geral é o de analisar sentidos atribuídos pelos docentes ao PIBID e depreender com eles as possíveis contribuições para a construção de seus saberes e práticas no ensino de história na Educação Básica. Os objetivos específicos buscam: 1) Entender como os docentes egressos do PIBID, compreendem e significam as suas vivências e experiências no programa; 2) Apontar e refletir as implicações do PIBID na construção de saberes e práticas para o ensino de história; 3) Apreender quais sentimentos foram mobilizados a partir das narrativas(auto)biográficas. A pesquisa se insere na abordagem qualitativa e se ancora nos princípios da pesquisa (auto)biográfica em educação e nas teorias para o ensino de História. São participantes desse estudo 05 (cinco) docentes, que foram bolsistas do PIBID entre os anos de 2012 à 2016. O corpus se constitui de 05 (cinco) entrevistas narrativas, recolhidas oralmente e posteriormente transcritas, realizadas nos meses de agosto à setembro de 2018. A análise pautada nas concepções de Jovchelovitch e Bauer (2002), nos conduziu aos seguintes achados: compreensão, entendimento e percepções do PIBID pelos egressos; o PIBID e o ensino de história, suas colaborações à construção de aprendizagens; o PIBID enquanto percurso de aprendizagem formativo, e as recordações de vivências pedagógicas provocadas pelo ato de narrar. Concluímos que iniciativas como o PIBID colaboram para o desenvolvimento educacional do país, neste sentido, evidenciamos, com as narrativas dos egressos do PIBID, que osinvestimentos em políticas públicas desta natureza podem atenuar algumas das problemáticas vivenciadas no cenário da educação brasileira
EMANCIPAÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO FEMININA EM OPÚSCULO HUMANITÁRIO DE NÍSIA FLORESTA
Authors: Oliveira Francisco Aedson de Souza , Fernandes Jéssica Luana
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho versa sobre a relação da mulher com a literatura, bem como sobre o seu espaço no cânone literário. O estudo objetiva compreender a relação da mulher com a literatura e com o cânone, para tanto apresenta a escritora Norte-rio-grandense do século XIX, Nísia Floresta, através da sua obra literária Opúsculo Humanitário. Com base na análise dessa obra, busca compreender sua tese acerca da emancipação feminina, bem como a relevância de sua obra no ensino de literatura em sala de aula. Tivemos como aporte teórico os estudos realizados por Duarte (2010), Cosson (2006), Cereja (2004), Paulino (2004), Floresta (1989) e Lajolo (2001). Utilizamos da metodologia de análise encontrada na hermenêutica e nos estudos desenvolvidos por Cosson (2006), no que se refere às sequências didáticas. A pesquisa apresenta uma proposta de leitura para uma turma de ensino médio, com a obra de Nísia Floresta, com intuito de levar para a sala de aula, a pertinente discussão acerca das relações de gênero. A análise e reflexão da obra Opúsculo Humanitário, prioriza a contribuição do pensamento de Nísia Floresta para a emancipação feminina, e a pertinência de sua obra para o ensino de literatura.
As práticas de ensino e aprendizagem com tecnologias digitais durante a pandemia:relato de pesquisa
Authors: Souza Maria do Socorro , Pedro Neuza Sofia Guerreiro
Published: February 2025

As escolas públicas brasileiras migraram, em 2020, do ensino presencial para o Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE), em razão da determinação de isolamento social provocada pela disseminação da pandemia da coronavírus disease 2019 (covid-19). Essa migração não foi simples e causou profundas mudanças na prática educativa escolar. Diante disso, este artigo intenta relatar os resultados de uma pesquisa de doutorado em andamento, que aborda as mudanças e agregações ocorridas nas práticas de ensino e aprendizagem mediadas pelas tecnologias digitais durante o ERE, sob a perspectiva de estudantes, professores e gestores do Ensino Médio da rede pública de ensino do Rio Grande do Norte. No âmbito deste estudo, serão discutidos apenas os dados relativos aos estudantes. A pesquisa tem cunho descritivo e se fundamenta na abordagem multimétodo e no design sequencial explanatório. Os dados foram recolhidos em duas fases, quantitativa e qualitativa, via questionários e entrevistas individuais e em grupos focais. Os dados estão sendo analisados também em duas fases, mediante a análise estatística descritiva e inferencial, com o apoio do software SPSS, e a análise de conteúdo, com o apoio do software NVivo. Quanto aos resultados, o estudo comprovou que o celular, Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem, aplicativos de trocas de mensagens e de webconferência foram as tecnologias mais utilizadas pelos estudantes. Entretanto, o uso de materiais impressos, em razão da falta de acesso às tecnologias digitais, também foi comprovado. Houve, ainda, uma ampliação no uso dos recursos digitais de antes para após o ERE, bem como uma mudança de postura dos estudantes face ao seu processo de aprendizagem, tornando-se mais ativos, autônomos e autorais.
Using GPT-4o for CAD-RADS feature extraction and categorization with free-text coronary CT Angiography reports (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Youmei , Sun Jie , Dong Mengshi , Meng Zhanao , Yang Yiqing , Muhetaier Abudushalamu , Li Chao , Qin Jie
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Despite the Coronary Artery Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) providing a standardized approach, radiologists continue to favor free-text reports. This preference creates significant challenges for data extraction and analysis in longitudinal studies, potentially limiting large-scale research and quality assessment initiatives.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the ability of the GPT-4o model to convert real-world coronary CT angiography (CCTA) free-text reports into structured data and automatically identify CAD-RADS categories and P Categories.

METHODS

This retrospective study analyzed CCTA reports from January 2024 and July 2024. A subset of 25 reports was used for prompt engineering to instruct the LLMs in extracting CAD-RADS categories, P Categories, the presence of myocardial bridges and non-calcified plaques. Reports were processed using the GPT-4o API and custom Python scripts. The ground truth was established by radiologist based on the CAD-RADS 2.0 guidelines. Model performance was assessed using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1 score. Intra-rater reliability was assessed using Cohen's Kappa coefficient.

RESULTS

Among 999 patients (median age 66 years, range 58-74; 650 males), CAD-RADS categorization showed accuracy of 0.98-1.00, sensitivity of 0.95-1.00, specificity of 0.98-1.00, and F1 score of 0.96-1.00. P Categories demonstrated accuracy of 0.97-1.00, sensitivity of 0.90-1.00, specificity of 0.98-1.00, and F1 score of 0.91-0.99. Myocardial bridge detection achieved 0.98 accuracy, and calcified plaque detection showed 0.98 accuracy. Cohen's Kappa values for all classifications exceeded 0.98.

CONCLUSIONS

The GPT-4o model efficiently and accurately converts CCTA free-text reports into structured data, excelling in CAD-RADS classification, plaque burden assessment, and detection of myocardial bridges and calcified plaques.
Fabrication of Waste Food Shredder Compost Maker Machine
Authors: Harish Mr. A.
Published: February 2025

The Waste Food Shredder Compost Maker Machine represents a breakthrough in addressing the pressing global
challenge of food waste management. Integrating shredding and composting functionalities, this innovative technology
efficiently processes organic waste materials. By reducing food waste into smaller, manageable pieces through its shredding
mechanism, the machine streamlines the composting process. Advanced technology ensures optimal shredding efficiency while
minimizing energy consumption, making it a sustainable solution. Moreover, the compost maker aspect transforms shredded
food waste into nutrient- rich compost suitable for soil enrichment. Equipped with sensors and controls, the machine maintains
optimal composting conditions, including temperature, moisture, and aeration, ensuring high-quality compost output.
Its compact design makes it adaptable to various settings, from households to industrial facilities. By diverting food waste from
landfills and promoting circular economy principles, the shredder compost maker machine contributes to environmental
sustainability while offering a practical waste management solution.
A Review on Integration of Digitized Technologies in Human Resource Management
Authors: Khan H. Dhauth
Published: February 2025

Human Resource Management is undergoing a significant transformation with the invent of digitized technologies.
Reshaping the traditional practices into innovative strategies enhances organizational efficiency and employee engagement. The
integration of Digitized Technology into Human Resource Management has revolutionized traditional practices, enabling
organizations to optimize their workforce management strategies effectively. Integrating technology into Human Resource
Management is key for streamlining processes and boosting productivity. This Paper reviews how innovative tools such as
artificial intelligence, machine learning, and digital collaboration platforms are revolutionizing Human Resource functions,
including recruitment, performance management, training, and employee retention. By integrating these technologies,
organizations can optimize decision-making processes, improve workforce analytics, and foster a more agile, adaptive workplace
culture.
Analysis of Failure of Bolt Loosening and Fatigue
Authors: Arjunan Dr. Ragothaman
Published: February 2025

Bolted joints are widely used in mechanical structures, and their reliability is critical to overall system performance.
This study analyzes the failure life of bolted connections due to loosening and fatigue, two primary failure modes in dynamic
loading conditions. The research investigates the mechanisms leading to bolt loosening, including self-loosening due to vibration
and cyclic loading, and the fatigue behavior of bolts under repeated stress.