bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing martyrdom and sacrifice in religious views with modern gun culture and the concept of heroism
Authors: Eromosele Favour Ojiemudia  , Samson Ajetomobi  , Oluseun Timothy Womiloju  , Ayodeji Samuel Adeusi  , Kaosara Temitope Adebayo
Published: December 2024

This interdisciplinary research review examines the complex relationship between traditional religious concepts of martyrdom and sacrifice and their modern manifestations in contemporary gun culture and heroism narratives. Through careful analysis of historical religious texts, contemporary sociological studies, and cultural anthropology research, this review identifies significant parallels between ancient sacrificial frameworks and modern interpretations of armed citizenship and heroic defense. The study reveals how religious martyrdom traditions have influenced current narratives around defensive gun use and civilian heroism, particularly in Western societies. By examining these connections, the review demonstrates how ancient religious frameworks of self-sacrifice continue to shape contemporary understanding of heroism, community protection, and individual sacrifice. The analysis suggests that modern gun culture has adapted traditional martyrdom narratives to create new frameworks of meaning around armed citizenship, while maintaining core elements of sacrificial ideology. This understanding provides valuable insight into current debates surrounding gun rights, community safety, and civic duty, while offering a new perspective on how ancient religious concepts continue to influence modern social movements and identity formation.
Districare gli stereotipi dal genere semantico in italiano
Una ricerca psicolinguistica
Authors: Ducoli Maria , Giusti Giuliana , Lebani Gianluca
Published: December 2024

Our contribution is the adaptation to Italian of the study conducted on French by Richy and Burnett in 2021 («Démêler les effets des stéréotypes et le genre grammatical dans le biais masculin: une approche expérimentale») with the aim to answer two research questions: (i) To what extent, does the cultural bias influence the interpretation of a gender-neutral nominal expression? (ii) Can masculine nouns designating definite, specific individuals be interpreted as referring to either a man or a woman? Our results show that neutralized nominals are interpreted according to the gender bias, while masculine nominals are interpreted as just referring to men. This shows that in Italian, masculine role nouns do not refer to women and that neutralizing a gender language does not contrast gender inequalities.
INSTITUTE OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY IN SVERDLOVSK: HISTORY OF CREATION AND FIRST ACHIEVEMENTS (1930–1970)
Authors:   Institute of Solid State Chemistry, Ural Branch of the RAS, Deryabina Aleksandra , Zapariy Vladimir ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2024

The article presents the process of the emergence of scientific research in the field of electrochemistry in Sverdlovsk, describes the formation of the laboratory of electrochemistry of molten salts, its first scientific research on zero charge potentials at the metal-electrolyte interface, carried out by S. V. Karpachev, A. G. Stromberg under the leadership of A. N. Frumkin. The authors consider pre- requisites for the creation of an independent Institute of Electrochemistry within the Ural Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the formation of directions of scientific research in the field of electrochemistry of molten salts and solid electrolytes, in the development of methods for producing rare metals and their alloys by electrolysis of molten salts and the creation of high-temperature fuel cells. The characteristic features in the development of the academic institute are identified: the rapid formation of a structure for the assigned scientific tasks, active training of scientific personnel, the practical significance of the research carried out and close connections with industrial enterprises in many regions of the USSR. The article is based on archival materials and dedicated to the 65th anniversary of the Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences — the only academic institution specializing in the field of high- temperature physical chemistry and the chemistry of molten salts and solid electrolytes.
OLYMPIC WARS BETWEEN THE USSR AND THE USA: SPORT AS A POLITICAL ARGUMENT
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the RAS, Speransky Andrey
Published: December 2024

Using the example of the Olympic movement of the second half of the 20th century, the paper analyses the role of sport as a “soft power” instrument, used by world leaders to strengthen their positions in the international arena. It draws parallels with modern attempts by the “collective West”, led by the United States, along with numerous sanctions, to use sport as a mechanism of national discrimination and international isolation of Russia. It is demonstrated that the policy restricting participation in the Olympic Games has always been applied by dominant countries to defeated rivals and potential violators of the balance of power on the world stage. It is also noted that in some cases, a number of states have voluntarily boycotted the Olympics in order to protest racial discrimination, military aggression or disregard for their political interests. Special emphasis is made on the geopolitical confrontation between the USSR and the United States within the framework of bipolar world that emerged after World War II. The “Cold war” between them, which inevitably covered the sports sphere, led to the “battles of giants”, which unfolded most fiercely at the Summer Olympics. An objective analysis of the results achieved by athletes of these countries during the 1950s–1980s “Olympic wars” showed a significant advantage of the USSR sports system. Therefore, the paper concludes that in the conditions of modern bullying of Russian sports, victorious experience of the Soviet Union, based on professionalization of high-performance sports, mass physical culture movement and decisiveness in sports policy in the international arena, is more relevant and in demand than ever.
An automation monitoring system for the production facility work
Authors: Bronnikov Artem , Kolomiiets Alona , Iurchenko Oleh
Published: December 2024

The subject of research in the article is the application of technology and control algorithms in the automation system for monitoring the operation of the instrument building room. The goal of the work is to develop a system of simulation and monitoring of the production process. The following tasks are solved in the article: conducting an analysis of existing monitoring systems in production; selection of the main elements and technical means for the development of the monitoring system; development of the system component connection scheme; creating a physical layout of the system; development of software for the monitoring system of the instrumentation room. The use of mathematical and system analysis methods, modeling and simulation methods – to check the operation of the automated monitoring system of the instrumentation room. The following results were obtained: analysis and comparison of existing solutions for the implementation of monitoring systems were performed; selected hardware and technical means for developing a monitoring system; a scheme for connecting system components has been developed; the structural diagram of the system and its layout were developed; developed software for managing the monitoring system and displaying data from the database. Conclusions: the layout and software of the production process monitoring system, namely monitoring of water level and temperature parameters for ultrasonic washing of printed circuit boards, have been developed. The use of this type of system will lead to an overall reduction in production costs during the PCB washing operation. The developed module allows making changes in the production process without direct human intervention, which provides the possibility of quick reconfiguration for new tasks. A monitoring system control program for the main control module was developed and the principle of its operation and a graphic user interface image were given. Also, for visualization of data from the database, the software code for creating the graph and the graphical user interface were given and described.
Optimized control system for a booster lithium-iron-phosphate battery
Authors: Arhun Shchasiana , Dvadnenko Vladimir , Hnatov Andrii
Published: December 2024

Problem. Conventional lead-acid batteries suffer from significant limitations such as low energy density, reduced reliability over time, and inefficiency under challenging conditions like low temperatures and deep discharge. These limitations highlight the necessity of more efficient, lightweight, and durable alternatives for applications like starting internal combustion engines (ICE) and providing backup power. Methodology. This research focuses on designing and testing an optimized battery management system (BMS) for lithium-iron-phosphate (LiFePO₄) batteries. Key performance parameters, including voltage, current, and temperature, were analyzed. An advanced electronic control unit was developed to regulate charging and discharging processes, with a focus on internal resistance management and cell balancing. Experimental validation was performed under various conditions, including low temperatures and heavy loads, to ensure robust performance. Results. The developed system demonstrated superior reliability, reduced charging times, and longer lifespan compared to conventional batteries. The optimized BMS ensured stable energy output, effectively balancing the charge and managing internal resistance. This system provided consistent performance even under extreme conditions, making it more cost-effective and durable. Originality. This study introduces a novel approach to controlling LiFePO₄ battery systems using advanced BMS technology, addressing specific challenges in ICE startups and auxiliary power applications. It integrates enhanced temperature management, internal resistance monitoring, and charge balancing, providing a tailored solution for demanding environments. Practical value. The findings have practical implications for improving energy efficiency and reliability in automotive and other industries. The enhanced performance and extended lifespan of LiFePO₄ batteries make them ideal for critical applications, such as renewable energy storage and backup power systems, supporting the broader adoption of sustainable energy technologies.
Management of quality for planning of city passenger transportation systems
Authors: Taranenko Mykhaylo , Mygal Galyna , Kobryna Nataliia , Taranenko Igor
Published: December 2024

Problem. The article addresses the critical issue of enhancing the quality of urban passenger transport systems (UPTS) at the planning stage. Achieving this goal requires the creation of a comprehensive quantitative mathematical model capable of optimizing the system's quality based on predefined objectives. This optimization involves the development of quantitative indicators for the entire system and its components, which serve as a foundation for decision-making. Goal. The study aims to improve UPTS functioning by focusing on key priority attributes, such as flexibility, ensuring the ability to swiftly reorganize traffic routes and redistribute passenger flows; reliability, providing confidence in delivering passengers with minimal deviations from schedules; ergonomics and safety, emphasizing passenger comfort and protection; and economic properties, addressing cost-efficiency and operational sustainability. Methodology. The research utilizes theoretical-analytical methods to create a structured framework for planning UPTS. Mathematical modeling forms the core of the methodology, enabling detailed evaluation and optimization of critical system attributes. Results. The study provides insights into the optimization of UPTS functioning, demonstrating improved performance through targeted planning and adjustment of quantitative quality indicators. The integration of mathematical modeling into planning allows identifying inefficiencies and addressing them systematically. Originality. The novelty of the research lies in its integrated and systematic approach to defining and quantifying quality indicators for UPTS. Unlike traditional evaluations that often emphasize comfort, this study introduces a comprehensive model encompassing various attributes, including flexibility, reliability, and economic feasibility. Practical value. The proposed model allows practitioners to use empirical data and technical specifications of system components to calculate key performance indicators. This approach supports more informed decision-making and targeted improvements in urban transport planning.
Validação de um manual para o aprendizado de cefalometria
Authors: Machado Catarina Chaves , Meneses Lara Alves , Santos Raissa Cardoso dos , Kurita Lucio Mitsuo , Novais Polyanna Maria Rocha , Marques Paulo Leonardo Ponte
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi validar um manual para o aprendizado em cefalometria em um curso de graduação em Odontologia privado. Trata-se de um estudo metodológico com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, realizado em quatro fases. As três primeiras fases tiveram aplicação de questionário em escala Likert, para mensurar o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC). A quarta fase teve abordagem qualitativa e foi realizada por meio de entrevista com um roteiro semiestruturado. A pesquisa teve 46 participantes, sendo 4 ex-monitores, 32 estudantes de graduação e 10 pós-graduandos em Ortodontia. Os dados numéricos foram analisados por meio de percentuais a partir do cálculo do IVC e os trechos com as respostas das entrevistas por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Na fase um, realizada com ex-monitores, todos os participantes (n=4;100%) apontaram a aplicabilidade do manual. Na fase dois, com graduandos, 22 participantes (68,7%) indicaram o manual como facilitador da aprendizagem. Na fase três, com pós-graduandos, oito (80%) apontaram que o manual terá utilidade profissional. Os resultados das fases quantitativas apontaram o manual como facilitador do processo de ensino-aprendizagem (n =46; 78,2%), com aplicabilidade na graduação (n =42; 91,3%); e útil para o profissional (n =42; 91,3%). Da fase quatro, emergiram três categorias temáticas: integração do conteúdo ao curso; compreensão simplificada; e importância para o futuro. Ao final do processo, o manual foi validado como material didático e será utilizado como um instrumento facilitador do alcance dos objetivos de aprendizagem e fonte de consulta na área.
Influência de um projeto de extensão que presta atendimento a pacientes com necessidades especiais na vida profissional de cirurgiões-dentistas
Authors: Hartleben Laura dos Santos , Schardosim Lisandrea Rocha , Azevedo Marina Sousa
Published: December 2024

O atendimento odontológico a pacientes com necessidades especiais (PNE) requer uma abordagem diferenciada para garantir o acolhimento e a prestação de tratamento efetivo e qualificado. No entanto, a capacitação de profissionais capazes de reconhecer as necessidades de uma comunidade, considerando as particularidades de seus pacientes, é um desafio notável enfrentado pelas instituições de ensino superior. A literatura destaca a importância dos conteúdos curriculares de Odontologia para Pacientes com Necessidades Especiais (OPNE) durante a graduação, contribuindo significativamente para o conhecimento futuro do profissional. A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a percepção de alunos egressos em relação à atuação profissional no atendimento odontológico a PNE, investigando possíveis diferenças entre aqueles que participaram de atividades extensionistas nesta temática durante a graduação e os que não tiveram essa vivência. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa, utilizando um questionário online aplicado a alunos egressos entre 2012 e 2019, com uma taxa de resposta de 58,8% (n=391). Os resultados indicaram que 31,7% (n=124) dos participantes se envolveram neste projeto de extensão, evidenciando associação positiva entre essa experiência e a percepção de preparo para o atendimento a PNE após a formatura. Enquanto 76,2% dos não participantes discordaram sobre se sentirem preparados, apenas 21,3% dos participantes do projeto discordaram que suas experiências durante a graduação não foram suficientes. Além disso, 89,9% dos não participantes discordaram que suas experiências educacionais ajudaram na interação com PNE. Concluiu-se que o projeto de extensão foi eficaz em fornecer percepções positivas aos egressos participantes, preparando-os adequadamente para esses atendimentos em suas práticas clínicas após formados.
Studi Kualitas Layanan Pengiriman: Pendekatan SERVQUAL dengan Teknik CZSQ-CZIPA
Authors: Renanda Mariska , Jatiningrum Wandhansari Sekar
Published: December 2024

Pertumbuhan jumlah perusahaan jasa pengiriman menyebabkan persaingan antar perusahaan semakin tinggi. Untuk dapat memenangkan persaingan pasar, perusahaan perlu memberikan kualitas layanan terbaik dengan mempertimbangkan kinerja kompetitor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas layanan jasa pengiriman berdasarkan atribut kualitas layanan pada SERVQUAL dan faktor lokasi. Studi kasus dilakukan pada perusahaan X perusahaan fokal dan Y sebagai perusahaan kompetitor. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan terkait tingkat kepentingan layanan dan tingkat layanan yang dirasakan untuk tiap perusahaan, serta tingkat layana yang diharapkan konsumen. Jumlah responden sebanyak 100 orang yaitu pengguna jasa pengiriman X dan Y, dengan teknik sampling yaitu purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan CZSQ-CZIPA sehingga kualitas layanan perusahaan dapat dievaluasi berdasarkan keinginan konsumen dan menjadikan kompetitor sebagai batas minimum pelayanan yang diberikan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 6 atribut layanan dengan nilai CZSQ < 0, yang berarti konsumen merasakan ketidakpuasan terhadap layanan perusahaan X. Selain itu diketahui 16 atribut layanan berada di sebelah kiri garis ideal yang menununjukkan kinerja layanan perusahaan X lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perusahaan Y. Pemetaan pada matriks CZIPA menunjukkan terdapat 5 atribut berada dalam kuadran A yang berarti perlu untuk diperbaiki, yaitu ketepatan waktu pengiriman, tanggap dalam merespon keluhan dan informasi terhadap konsumen, tersedia media untuk kritik dan saran, dan kemudahan lokasi agen untuk diakses. Atribut yang menjadi prioritas utama untuk diperbaiki adalah ketepatan waktu dalam pengiriman. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan perusahaan agar dapat mengalokasikan sumber dayanya untuk melakukan perbaikan kualitas layanan berdasarkan prioritas.
Identifikasi Penyebab Kegagalan Potensial Pada Proses Produksi Menggunakan Metode Multi Attribute Failure Mode Analysis (MAFMA)
Authors: Fatmawati Wiwiek , Utomo Sukarno Budi , Anam Riko Khaerul
Published: December 2024

UMKM XYZ yang bergerak dalam bidang sablon konveksi mencatat tingkat kecacatan proses produk yang berakibat pada kecacatan produk yang cukup tinggi dengan rata-rata kecacatan yaitu 5%. Beberapa penyebab kegagalan dalam proses produksi meliputi gambar yang tidak tercetak dengan jelas, gambar yang tercetak miring, potongan yang tidak sesuai, jahitan yang tidak rapi, kaos yang terkena noda tinta sablon, dan hasil sablon yang luntur. Upaya untuk mengurangi berbagai masalah tersebut dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi kegagalan potensial dalam proses produksi menggunakan metode Multi Attribute Failure Mode Analysis (MAFMA). Metode ini menghasilkan nilai bobot alternatif tertinggi sehingga memudahkan pengambilan keputusan tindakan. Terdapat satu kegagalan yang paling potensial yaitu jahitan tidak rapih dengan total nilai 0,244. Strategi perbaikan dilakukan dengan memperhatikan penyebab dari kegagalan potensial dengan melihat faktor yang berpengaruh, yaitu faktor manusia mesin, material, metode dan lingkungan yang dianalisa menggunakan fishbone diagram. Operator yang kurang teliti dan terburu-buru ketika bekerja, kondisi mesin jahit dan mesin pres sablon yang kurang terawat, material benang jahit dan pewarna sablon yang tidak konsisten kualitasnya, belum tersedia SOP bagi operator dan lingkungan kerja yang kurang nyaman  berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hasil jahit dan sablon yang dihasilkan. Usulan perbaikan dilakukan dengan melakukan pelatihan terhadap pekerja, melakukan perawatan mesin yang terjadwal, melakukan pengecekan material sebelum dilakukan proses produksi, memilih pemasok yang terpercaya, membuat SOP untuk operator dan mengatur kondisi ruang produksi sehingga operator nyaman ketika bekerja.
Seroprevalencia e infección por parvovirus humano B19 en embarazadas de Córdoba, Argentina, 2021-2022
Authors: Dicuatro Néstor , Colazo Salbetti María Belén , Boggio Gabriel Amilcar , Ortiz Emilia , Pedranti Mauro , Olivera Nicolás Lionel , Lucchini Héctor , González Alicia , Resino Carlos , Moreno Laura , Adamo Maria
Published: December 2024

Introduction: parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection during pregnancy can be transmitted to the fetus and cause serious complications such as fetal hydrops and stillbirth. The preexistence of specific IgG prevents vertical transmission. Seroprevalence in fertile age is variable (50-70%) and depends on the region/viral circulation, in addition to factors such as maternal age and frequent exposure to children. Objectives: to determine seroprevalence for B19V in pregnant women at Hospital Universitario de Maternidad y Neonatología (HUMN), analyze its association with predictive factors and describe cases of B19V infection. Methods: observational, cross-sectional study. Patients treated at HUMN during 2021-2022 were included and compatible demographic and clinical data were recorded. Specific IgG was quantified and its association with predictive factors was analyzed by bivariate analysis (p<0.05). In cases with signs/symptoms associated with B19V, specific IgM and viral DNA were also determined. Results: 317 cases were studied and anti-B19V IgG was detected in 214/317 (67.5%). No association was found between seroprevalence and maternal age, multiparity, cohabitation with children under 15 years of age, or presence of maternal/fetal signs/symptoms. Ten cases (10.4%) of B19V infection were identified, all of them with anemia and one with fetal hydrops and VDRL+. Conclusion: in the population studied, B19V seroprevalence for was 67.5% and independent of the predictive factors, leaving 32.5% without evidence of exposure to the virus (susceptible to contracting the infection in the future). The detection of infection in symptomatic cases indicates the importance of investigating B19V in this group.
Case study and comparison of embodied carbon and construction cost by adopting alternative timber-based hybrid structure system
Authors: Hsieh Ciao-Ning , Chau Truong N.M , Syu Si-Jie , Hsu Cheng-Chieh , Tsai Meng-Ting
Published: December 2024

The rise in global temperatures, driven by carbon dioxide emissions, has spurred the construction industry to seek carbon reduction strategies. This study evaluates the environmental benefits of using wood materials in construction by redesigning an existing reinforced concrete (RC) residential building in New Taipei City, Taiwan. Four structural combinations were developed, replacing concrete with timber and steel. Numerical simulations confirmed the feasibility of these systems, and comparisons of embodied carbon, costs, and construction periods were conducted. The proposed hybrid models, which extensively replace concrete with timber and steel for the core, reduced initial embodied carbon by 25.6% compared to the original RC building, though costs increased by 3.9 times. These findings underscore the potential of hybrid timber systems as a sustainable alternative in construction, offering significant carbon reduction benefits for Taiwan while aligning with environmental goals.
Database assessment of lateral strength of unreinforced masonry walls according to existing design provisions
Authors: Hieu Dinh Ngoc , Toan Le Khanh , My Pham , Thuat Dang Cong
Published: December 2024

Unreinforced masonry (URM) walls, widely used in low-rise and heritage buildings, are highly vulnerable to seismic events. Current evaluation guidelines for assessing the lateral strength of URM walls predominantly rely on empirical or semi-empirical methods derived from calibrated datasets. Consequently, a comparative analysis of the reliability of these existing provisions is essential. In this study, a comprehensive database of 146 URM walls was compiled from 26 research groups and employed to evaluate the accuracy of established guidelines, including ASCE 41-17, NZSEE, Eurocode 6, and GB50003. The comparative analysis showed that ASCE 41-17 provided the most accurate predictions with acceptable safety levels, while NZSEE produced more conservative estimates and excelled in predicting diagonal shear failure modes. Eurocode 6 showed less conservative results under high compressive stress, compared to ASCE 41-17 and NZSEE. The GB50003 model based on Mohr-Coulomb theory showed the lowest accuracy and highest variability in shear strength predictions.
Nontraumatic instability of the middle finger extensor digitorum communis tendon in a child. A case report
Authors:   Student Research Group at Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, Zakryś Mikołaj , Górecki Michał ,   Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, Czarnecki Piotr ,   Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Published: December 2024

The instability of extensor tendons in the hand is mostly an outcome of rheumatoid arthritis, but can also be a manifestation of sagittal band rupture as a result of injury, often during boxing. A 14-year-old patient was admitted to a hand surgery department due to the painful instability of the middle finger extensor digitorum communis in the right hand. No trauma was reported, and the symptoms appeared about a year earlier with a gradual aggravation. Prior to admission, the patient underwent an unsatisfactory attempt at conservative treatment with an extension splint. A surgical centralisation and stabilisation of the middle finger extensor digitorum communis was implemented according to the Wheeldon technique. The treatment comprised resection an overgrown joint capsule, stabilising the tendon with a flap created from neighbouring juncturae tendinum and subsequent rehabilitation. The procedure resulted in an excellent functional outcome. With a one-year-long follow-up, a return to normal function and sport was achieved, and the patient reports no abnormalities or complaints.
The evaluation of surgical treatment outcomes of low and high-energy pelvic fractures using ilio-iliac plate fixation
Authors:   Provincial Integrated Hospital in Elbląg, Department of Trauma-Orthopaedics Surgery, Elbląg, Poland, Iluk Wojciech , Kotrych Daniel ,   Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Oncology, Pomerarian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Published: December 2024

A retrospective study of 40 patients with AO type C pelvic fractures was performed. The mean age of the patients was 52.8 ± 21.6 years. The study aimed to evaluate the functional outcomes and pain levels of patients surgically treated for unstable pelvic ring and sacral fractures using an ilio-iliac plate fixation in a minimally invasive technique. The minimum follow-up was 6 months. The patients were divided into two groups: low-energy trauma (n = 10) and high energy trauma (n = 30). The functional outcome was evaluated using the Majeed score. Pain levels were evaluated in the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The preoperative and postoperative blood hemoglobin levels and the changes in these values were evaluated. The data was processed, and a statistical analysis was performed. In the group of low-energy trauma, the mean NRS was 2.4 ± 2.2. The group of high-energy trauma had a mean NRS of 2.8 ± 2.7. In the group of low-energy trauma, the mean Majeed score was 78.0 ± 17.7. The group of high-energy trauma had a mean Majeed score of 84.3 ± 15.1. No statistical significance was found between the two groups of patients regarding pain level and functional outcome. There was a statistically significant difference in the pre-and postoperative blood hemoglobin values (p < 0.001). Preoperatively, the mean HGB value was 11.4 ± 1.2 g/dl; postoperatively it dropped to a mean of 10.2 ± 1.3 mg/dl. The mean difference in blood hemoglobin was 1.2 ± 0.9 g/dl. Ilio-iliac plate fixation is a safe and technically easy method of pelvic fracture fixation. The study shows that functional outcomes are mainly good and excellent. The study demonstrated that the method of fixation can be used with good and predictive outcomes in high-energy pelvic trauma and osteoporotic fractures.
Identifikasi Potensi Turbelensi di Wilayah Penerbangan Indonesia Berdasarkan Analisis Richardson Number (Ri) Menggunakan Data ECMWF ERA5 (Studi Kasus Tahun 2022)
Authors: Riswanto Rafli Muhammad Haris , Mustofa Musa Ali , Saragih Immanuel Jhonson Arizona
Published: December 2024

Turbulensi merupakan fenomena atmosfer yang memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap keselamatan penerbangan, terutama di wilayah Indonesia yang memiliki kondisi cuaca tropis kompleks dan arus lalu lintas penerbangan yang padat. Identifikasi dan pemetaan potensi turbulensi menjadi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan keselamatan dan efisiensi penerbangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan potensi turbulensi di wilayah jelajah pesawat di Indonesia dengan menggunakan Richardson Number (Ri) pada tahun 2022. Data yang digunakan berasal dari European Centre for Medium – Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis Version 5 (ERA5) dan data observasi radiosonde. Data ERA5 digunakan untuk menghitung Ri, yang mampu mendeteksi potensi turbulensi berdasarkan parameter meteorologi seperti kecepatan angin dan suhu. Hasil perhitungan Ri dikumpulkan secara bulanan dan tahunan untuk dianalisis secara temporal dan spasial. Validasi dilakukan menggunakan data radiosonde untuk memverifikasi kejadian turbulensi dan parameter meteorologi di berbagai tingkat atmosfer. Hasil pengamatan spasial di wilayah Indonesia menunjukkan adanya kejadian turbulensi signifikan pada tanggal 18 Januari, 2 Juli, dan 26 Desember 2022, dengan fluktuasi harian yang mencolok. Secara geografis, daerah di sepanjang pantai selatan Jawa dan Sumatera, serta beberapa wilayah di Kalimantan dan Papua, cenderung memiliki frekuensi turbulensi yang lebih tinggi. Pola ini dipengaruhi oleh kondisi cuaca musiman dan fitur geografis lokal yang kompleks. Validasi data menunjukkan kesesuaian yang baik antara data ERA5 dan pengukuran radiosonde untuk parameter suhu, meskipun terdapat meskipun terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada komponen angin zonal dan meridional. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa tingkat kepercayaan terhadap peta potensi turbulensi yang dihasilkan dapat ditingkatkan dengan pengintegrasian data lokal dan pengembangan metode validasi lebih lanjut untuk komponen angin. Hal ini menyoroti pentingnya penggunaan data lokal yang akurat dalam upaya prediksi dan antisipasi dampak turbulensi secara efektif dalam penerbangan di wilayah Indonesia.
Big non-invasive brain stimulation data (Big NIBS data): an open-access platform and repository for NIBS data
Authors: Corp Daniel , Bereznicki Hannah , Barham Michael Paul , Clark Gillian , Chadwick Benjamin , Jain Saksham , Khalajzadeh Hourieh , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , Enticott Peter Gregory
Published: December 2024

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is a widely used technique in research and clinical settings, capable of both measuring the activity of the nervous system and treating the symptoms of brain disorders. Unlike other fields of neuroscience, such as neuroimaging and electroencephalography, there is currently no mechanism for the public uploading and downloading of NIBS data. This greatly hampers our ability to share and re-use NIBS data and uncover knowledge about the brain through ‘big data’ analyses. With the present paper, we address this need by launching ‘Big NIBS data’ - an open-access platform for NIBS researchers, and a public repository for NIBS data (https://bignibsdata.com). Here, we give an overview of Big NIBS data, outline its structure and objectives, and describe how NIBS researchers can utilise the platform.
Self-Awareness as Universal Observation: The Cognitive Awareness Spectrum
Authors: Trukovich Joseph
Published: December 2024

This paper introduces the Cognitive Awareness Spectrum as a framework for understanding consciousness as a recursive continuum that reflects adaptive, self-regulating patterns found in both biological systems and the cosmos. This model encompasses seven stages of awareness—from Absent-Mindedness to Mindfulness—each stage illustrating how consciousness functions as a medium for the universe to observe itself, where awareness shapes both the observer and the observed. Anthropomorphism, our natural tendency to attribute human characteristics to matter, suggests a deeper link between consciousness and the cosmos. Often dismissed as projection, this tendency instead reveals a resonance: in observing the universe, we are looking into a mirror of ourselves.Examining each stage through biological, psychological, cosmic, and recursive perspectives, this paper reveals that consciousness mirrors universal cycles of adaptation and balance. Insights from evolving systems theory (Wong et al., 2023) suggest that systems select for functions that enhance resilience and persistence; through these stages, the Cognitive Awareness Spectrum illustrates how consciousness itself is an adaptive mechanism reflecting universal dynamics. By framing consciousness as both an observer and participant within the universe, this model suggests that individual awareness is not isolated but resonates with the universe’s journey of self-organization, coherence, and unity.
Contextual Embedding Decomposition for Scalable Tokenization in Efficient Language Text Generation
Authors: Wilson Deborah , Montague Ursula , Worthington Vincent , Harrington Winston , Pennington Xanthe
Published: December 2024

The Contextual Embedding Decomposition (CED) framework introduces a novel approach to tokenization, enhancing large language models' (LLMs) performance by addressing limitations inherent in traditional methods. By decomposing embeddings into contextually relevant components, CED facilitates more complex representations of linguistic data, thereby improving semantic coherence across diverse textual inputs. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that CED not only reduces computational overhead but also maintains high levels of contextual fidelity, outperforming conventional tokenization techniques in various scenarios. The adaptability of CED to domain-specific terminologies further demonstrates its potential in specialized applications, offering a robust framework for processing complex linguistic structures. Additionally, the integration of CED into existing LLM architectures has shown to enhance scalability, enabling efficient handling of extensive datasets without compromising performance. These findings suggest that CED provides a significant advancement in natural language processing, paving the way for more efficient and accurate language understanding systems. The implications of this research extend to various applications, including machine translation, sentiment analysis, and information retrieval, where precise language comprehension is paramount.
‘There’s no functioning power left to do what it’s supposed to be doing’ : Autistic Accounts of Sensory Overload
Authors: Millington Elliot , Simmons David
Published: December 2024

Autistic people often speak about sensory overload as a highly negative impact on their daily life and wellbeing. Despite this community prominence, relatively little research has explored the concept itself and the research that has been conducted has mostly used clinician reports. This study, co-produced with autistic people, recruited 78 self-identified autistic adults to complete a qualitative survey about their experiences of sensory overload. From the data, two themes about the nature of sensory overload were developed: a functioning perspective and a ‘Fight, Flight, Freeze’ perspective. Three further themes constructed from the data related to the overload of high-level processing, the overload of low-level processing, and the fatigue associated with sensory overload. These findings have implications for our understanding of the experience of sensory overload and how we envision autistic sensory processing more generally.
Memorials from the perspective of experience: A comparison of Spain’s Valley of the Fallen to contemporary counter-memorials
Authors: de Luna Ignacio Brescó , Wagoner Brady
Published: December 2024

Memorials are cultural artifacts constructed to mediate memory for a shared past. But as such, they require people’s active engagement with them, which can generate divergent experiences and interpretations. The present study compares how different memorial forms both enable and constrain people’s relating to the sites and what they are meant to represent. The comparison hinges on the difference between traditional memorials (imposing, vertical, and focused on heroes) and counter-memorials (engaging, horizontal, and focused on victims). The Valley of the Fallen is in central focus as a prime example of a traditional memory, which is currently in the process of being re-signified. Our study compares participants’ experience of this site with the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe and the National 9/11 Memorial (both celebrated counter-memorials), using an innovative method combining interviews and a subjective camera that captures participants’ ongoing experience from the first-person perspective. Results show a manifold of ways in which people appropriate and make sense of memorials through different associations and personal memories while moving through them.
Sustainability Pathways For A Better Longevity
Authors: FUOCO DOMENICO
Published: December 2024

Understanding the reasons behind the divergent relationship between life expectancy, longevity and environmental policy. According to the information extrapolated by "Our World in Data" the direction that our Society has taken after 20 years from the alarming denunciation done by Al Gore is even worst than what was expected in the outlook presented in 2006.
Utilizing Co-Curricular Programs to Develop Student Civic Engagement and Leadership
Authors: Marzouk Osama Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Leadership can be defined as “caring about people and working toward completing a mission”. Consequently, there is a strong relationship between leadership and civic engagement (or commitment to and engagement with the community). Part of the mission of the university or college should be to develop the students’ leadership skills and their feeling of commitment toward the community (whether local or global, nearby or remote) and the nation at a large scale. In this study, I present seven co-curricular programs that were established and are being offered at Virginia Tech (a public land-grant American university) for harnessing these two issues (civic engagement, and leadership) among college students at their undergraduate and graduate studies. As a participant, observer, or facilitator; I provide comments and suggestions about the effectiveness and progress of these programs, and the reaction of the participating students to these them. The study aims at presenting these programs as good candidates for colleges and universities, worldwide, that are in the process of selecting, designing, or adopting programs to develop student civic engagement and leadership.
Understanding the Influence of Design-Related Factors on Human-AI Teaming in a Face Matching Task
Authors: Kokje Eesha , Lermer Eva , Donkin Chris , Gaube Susanne
Published: December 2024

There is a steep rise in the use of facial identification decision aids enabled by artificial intelligence (AI) for identity verification. The use of such systems and the impact of their implementation on human decision-making is still not well understood. The current study aimed to explore factors associated with the design of the paradigm and of the presentation of predictions from AI systems. Across three pre-registered experiments, we examined the impact of (a) implied AI accuracy, (b) mismatch frequency (i.e. proportion of match and mismatch pairs), and (c) explainability on performance in a one-to-one face matching task. Participants’ performance improved when aided by AI compared to a baseline without decision support. The largest improvement was observed when no information on the AI’s overall accuracy was provided. Further, the frequency of mismatches did not influence performance. Finally, explainability improved overall performance and increased users’ certainty in their decisions, but did not help participants to dismiss inaccurate predictions. Additionally, two findings were consistent across all experiments. First, participants often failed to dismiss inaccurate AI predictions, resulting in significantly lower performance accuracy compared to the accurate predictions condition. Second, on a group level, the human-AI team did not outperform the AI alone, though examination of individual performance showed that some participants were able to exceed the AI’s accuracy. These findings contribute towards determining appropriate design formats for AI prediction in a human-in-the-loop system, so that the performance of the human-AI team can be maximised.
The Effects of Chronic Alcohol Use on Facial Emotion Processing: An Event-Related Brain Potential Study
Authors: Kim Yewon , Kang Dahyeon
Published: December 2024

Facial emotion processing is central to social interaction, enabling individuals to interpret and respond to others’ emotional cues. Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) impairs these functions, leading to social difficulties. Using electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potentials (ERPs), this study examined the neural correlates of facial emotion recognition in individuals with varying AUD severity. Participants (n = 40) completed a visual oddball task featuring self-referential and anonymous face stimuli with neutral and smiling expressions. Results revealed significant differences in P300 responses based on AUD severity, highlighting the impact of chronic alcohol use on cognitive and emotional processing. These findings contribute to the understanding of social impairments in AUD and offer implications for targeted interventions.
Gaia, revisited: atmospheric carbon dioxide as a symptom of a vegetation ozone driven climate cycle
Authors: VanWaveren Isabel
Published: December 2024

A synoptic analysis of the history of climate science introduces all potential climate drivers. It is demonstrated that the Keeling curve can be seen to reflect yearly ocean CO2 emission minus yearly ocean CO2 uptake. It is also shown that the global carbon equation (GCE), at the foundation of present day climate models is not an equilibrium. This disequilibrium pertains to the neglect of the influence of industrial pollutants on the seasonal behaviour of the Northern Pacific. It is also demonstrated that the errors for carbon emission and uptake on land are too important to allow for the construction of the GCE. Statistics are used to demonstrate that the increase in atmospheric CO2 is determined by industrial pollutant emission. A significant determination coefficient between ocean behaviour and pollutants emission is interpreted as caused by ozone accumulation in the Arctic night. With the return of light, in spring, the short lived GreenHouse Gas (GHG) is envisioned to become relatively warm and self-lofting. The trajectory of this slowly ascending mixture is influenced by, and influencing the existing pressure systems. Part of its heat is incorporated in the Northern Pacific Ocean that releases its gasses. This mixture enriched with the ocean emitted gasses ascends to the stratosphere at the equator where it causes stratospheric ozone depletion, which in turn results in global warming. This new interpretation of the climate cycle through ozone accretion in in the tropospheric arctic night and ozone depletion by ocean emitted gasses in the stratosphere of the low latitudes is substantiated by a reconstruction of the Keeling curve. This reconstruction consists of the superposition of six functions that determine the uptake and emission of CO2 by the Northern Pacific Ocean. A regression analysis between the monthly Keeling curve and present reconstruction indicates that the two are identical. Finally, it is explained that the climate cycle in the Pleistocene represents a response system between vegetation composition and stratospheric ozone driven by natural pollutants and stemming from the Mesozoic era when flowering plants made their appearance. The present aberrantly high atmospheric CO2 concentrations recorded at Moana Loa are interpreted as resulting from the reiteration of the natural warming phase of the Pleistocene climate cycle through industrial pollutants.
Controls for non-independence should reflect the data-generating process
Authors: Claessens Scott , Kyritsis Thanos , Atkinson Quentin
Published: December 2024

In our article, we simulated national-level trait data with non-independence due to spatial diffusion or shared language ancestry. These are plausible scenarios from which we can evaluate the ability of different methods to recover the “true” cross-national correlation. We used these simulations to evaluate the performance of widely-used statistical controls for non-independence and showed that these methods do not result in a satisfactory reduction in false positives. This finding holds and is concerning regardless of our ability to identify an alternative class of models that performs better. We then further showed that Bayesian random effects models incorporating explicit assumptions about the data-generating process do indeed perform much better. In particular, the Bayesian model controlling for spatial proximity was most effective at reducing false positives in spatially non-independent data, and the Bayesian model controlling for linguistic proximity was most effective at reducing false positives in “language tree” non-independent data.
Longitudinal relationships between academic stress and executive function in Chinese high school students: A cross-lagged panel network analysis
Authors: Ma Chao , Wang Yanyun , Junjun Fu , zhao xin
Published: December 2024

Academic stress, as one of the most common potential risk factors experienced by Chinese high school students, has a significant impact on the development of executive function. However, previous studies exploring the relationship between academic stress and executive function have produced inconsistent findings, either neglecting the multidimensionality of academic stress or overlooking the separability of executive function. Therefore, this study employed a cross-lagged panel network analysis to investigate the longitudinal relationship between various types of academic stress and the subcomponents of executive function among 620 Chinese high school students. The findings revealed that self-imposed stress had the strongest positive predictive effect on working memory updating and working memory span. In contrast, teacher stress exerted the most crucial negative predictive effect on working memory updating and response inhibition, while social stress showed a lesser negative predictive effect on response inhibition. Notably, self-imposed stress mediated the relationship between parental stress and both working memory updating and working memory span. Furthermore, self-imposed stress and teacher stress were identified as the most crucial “high bridge centrality nodes” within the network, indicating key intervention targets. The study's conclusions offer valuable insights for educators in formulating effective strategies to help high school students manage academic stress.