bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flexible and wireless metasurface coils for knee and elbow MRI
Authors: Düx Daniel M. , Kowal Robert , Knull Lucas , Schröer Simon , Belker Othmar , Horstmann Dominik , Gutt Moritz , Maune Holger , Speck Oliver , Wacker Frank , Hensen Bennet , Gutberlet Marcel
Published: January 2025

Background

Metasurface coils (MCs) are a promising magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology. Aiming to evaluate the image quality of MCs for knee and elbow imaging, we compared signal-to-noise ratio (SNRs) obtained in standard clinical setups.

Methods

Knee and elbow MRI routine sequences were applied at 1.5 T, implementing four coil scenarios: (1) 15-channel transmit/receive knee coil; (2) four-channel multipurpose coil (flex coil); (3) MC + spine coil; and (4) MC + multipurpose coil. Three regions of interest (ROIs) at different anatomical depths were compared.

Results

Seven participants (aged 28 ± 2 years; 6 males) were enrolled. In elbow MRI, the MC + spine coil demonstrated the highest SNR across all ROIs (superficial-anterior: +114%, p = 0.008; middle: +147%, p = 0.008; deep-posterior: +24%, p = 0.039) compared to the flex coil and all ROIs, except the deepest from the MC, compared to the knee coil (superficial-anterior: +28%, p = 0.016; middle: +104%, p = 0.008; deep-posterior: −1%, p = 0.531). In knee MRI, the MC + spine coil provided higher SNR compared to the flex coil, except posterior (superficial-anterior: +69%, p = 0.008; middle: +288%, p = 0.008; deep-posterior: −12%, p = 0.148) versus the knee coil, the MC + spine coil was superior in the middle but non-different in superficial pre-patellar areas and less in deep-posterior areas (superficial-anterior: −8%, p = 0.188; middle: +44%, p = 0.008; deep-posterior: −36%, p = 0.016).

Conclusion

Wireless MCs exhibited great potential for knee and elbow MRI outperforming the flex coil. Future developments will improve the posterior illumination to increase its clinical value.

Relevance statement

MCs offer enhanced versatility, flexibility, and patient comfort. If universal MC designs can achieve image quality comparable to those of standard coils and simultaneously be utilized across multiple body areas, the technology may revolutionize future musculoskeletal MRIs.

Key Points

MCs are promising in MRI, but homogeneity is challenging depending on the design.

Signal-to-noise-ratio was improved for knee and elbow imaging with slight inhomogeneous illumination.

MCs could match the image quality of standard coils in both knee and elbow imaging.

Graphical Abstract
Short-term outcome of endovascular stenting for symptomatic vertebrobasilar stenosis
Authors: Tolba Mohamed Abdel moneim Abdo , Alaswad Mohammed , Tawfik Mohamed Mohamed , Akl Ahmed Zaki , Eissa Mona Ali , El-khawas Hala , Eldin Hani Mahmoud Zaki , Elewa Mohamed Khaled Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Background

Stroke is a global health concern, causing blood supply interruption to the brain. Vertebrobasilar stenosis (VBS) is the main concern, causing stroke or ischemic attacks. Treatment includes antithrombotic therapy and lifestyle modifications, but invasive intervention like endovascular angioplasty is needed in indicated patients. This study aims to investigate the short-term outcome of endovascular stenting, especially, drug-eluting stents (DES) for symptomatic vertebrobasilar stenosis. In this prospective cohort study, we selected patients with ischemic events, including transient ischemic attack (TIA) or non-disabling stroke, diagnosed by CT or MRI brain, MRA, and over 70% diameter stenosis of the basilar or vertebral artery suggested by angiography. Patients with previous stent at the target lesion, acute stroke, heavily calcified lesion, complete artery occlusion, massive infarction with marked neurological deficit, intracranial hemorrhage, intracranial brain tumors, contraindicated to antithrombotic and/or anticoagulant, pregnant women, and patients susceptible to follow-up loss were excluded.

Results

This study involved 17 patients evaluated for ischemic events in the vertebrobasilar system, with a mean age of 58.47 ± 9.41 years. The most prevalent comorbidity was a previous transient ischemic attack (TIA) in 15 patients (88.2%), followed by hypertension in 12 patients (70.6%), diabetes and hyperlipidemia in 10 patients each (58.8% for both). Ischemic heart disease was present in 6 patients (35.3%), and smoking was reported by 5 patients (29.4%). The predominant stenosis location was intracranial in 11 patients (64.7%), with extracranial being the second most prevalent site in 6 patients (35.3%). The most prevalent kind of stenosis observed was atherosclerosis, affecting 11 patients (64.7%), followed by dissection in 6 patients (35.2%). The peri-procedural outcomes were good in 15 patients (88.2%) and bad in 2 patients (11.8%). The modified Rankin score (MRS) score was significantly decreased after 5-month follow-up than pre-operative. There was no statistically significant difference between extracranial and intracranial stenosis regarding the final outcome, residual stenosis, or peri-procedural complications.

Conclusions

Our findings emphasize the potential advantages of stenting for carefully chosen individuals with symptomatic vertebrobasilar stenosis and simple lesion morphologies (Mori types A and B). However, further research is needed for patient selection and therapy optimization.
Effect of growing season fire timing on oak regeneration
Authors: Turner Mark A. , Bones Jacob T. , Marshall Spencer G. , Harper Craig A.
Published: January 2025

Background

Oaks (Quercus spp.) are an important component of eastern hardwood forests, and compositional shifts away from oak are well-documented. Shelterwood harvests often are paired with prescribed fire to promote oak regeneration, as oaks may gain a competitive advantage following fire. However, we are unaware of any studies comparing the effects of multiple fires during the early-growing season (EGS) and late-growing season (LGS) following a shelterwood harvest with reserves on oak regeneration. Additionally, relatively little is known about the response of the red oak group (Erythrobalanus) versus the white oak group (Leucobalanus) regeneration to fire during different seasons.

Results

We initiated a study in east Tennessee, USA in 2010 by implementing a shelterwood with reserves in four upland oak-hickory stands. Each stand contained an EGS treatment, a LGS treatment, a shelterwood treatment with no fire (SW), and an unharvested, unburned control (CON). From 2012 to 2023, we burned the EGS and LGS treatment units six times each. By 2023, the unburned SW treatment was dominated by mesophytes with almost no oaks present in the midstory. Red oak and total understory oak regeneration was promoted by LGS relative to EGS, SW, and CON. White oak regeneration was promoted by EGS compared to CON but did not differ between fire seasonality treatments. Both burn seasons decreased the number and proportion of mesophytes, but the response of other species varied by treatment. The proportion of sassafras was increased by EGS and LGS relative to SW, but did not differ from CON. The proportion of sumac was greatest in EGS, followed by LGS, and was similarly low in CON and SW. Thus, fire increased oak abundance, but also promoted other fire-tolerant upland species.

Conclusions

Our results indicate timing of fire during the growing season can positively influence oak regeneration but does not eliminate competition. Additional management practices may be necessary as the stand develops to release oaks after burning is stopped or the fire-return interval is lengthened.
Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness: a review of current knowledge on vestibular rehabilitation
Authors: Azeez Samer Sami , Nada Ebtessam H.
Published: January 2025

Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness disrupts daily life, causing chronic dizziness, unsteadiness, and imbalance. Often triggered by seemingly innocuous factors like movement or visual stimuli, the underlying cause of PPPD remains elusive. This intricate interplay between physical and psychological factors presents a significant diagnostic and treatment challenge for clinicians. This review explores the recent literature focusing on complexities of PPPD management, highlighting the limitations of current approaches and advocating for a multidisciplinary perspective. PPPD diagnosis can be arduous due to the absence of a definitive test. Additionally, the lack of established treatment protocols necessitates a multifaceted approach that may include pharmacotherapy, vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT), and psychological interventions. Collaborative research across disciplines, including neurotology, otolaryngology, psychiatry, and psychology, is crucial for advancing our understanding of PPPD and developing more effective treatment strategies. PPPD presents a multifaceted challenge, requiring a patient-centered approach that integrates various treatment modalities. By fostering collaboration across disciplines and prioritizing patient support networks, we can illuminate a path towards improved diagnosis, management, and, ultimately, a better quality of life for those affected by PPPD.
Landscape of Global Pediatric Oncology Publications: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: García Garza María Fernanda , Gutiérrez Treviño Oscar , Hashmi Saman K. , Rodríguez-Galindo Carlos , Moreira Daniel C.
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE

The academic field of global pediatric oncology is expanding as cancer becomes increasingly recognized as a global health priority for children and adolescents. Here, we aimed to explore the representation of authors, the geographic distribution of research, and the research approaches being used in global pediatric oncology.

METHODS

Articles published in
JCO Global Oncology
(
JCO GO
) and
Pediatric Blood and Cancer
on the topic of global pediatric oncology were analyzed. For each article, data were collected on the study design, the research location, and the authorship demographics. Descriptive frequencies were reported for all items.

RESULTS

Overall, 296 studies met the inclusion criteria to be considered relevant for global pediatric oncology. Of these, 259 (87.5%) were research articles. Of the research articles, 228 (88.0%) were observational and 117 (51.3%) were retrospective cohort analyses. Thirty-eight studies (12.8%) had a global focus or were unrelated to a geographic context, 54 (18.2%) were regional, and 204 (68.9%) were specific to a single country. Females represented 163 (55.8%) of first authors, 138 (46.6%) of senior authors, and 159 (53.7%) of corresponding authors. Furthermore, 121 (41.4%) first authors, 163 (55.1%) last authors, and 142 (48.0%) senior authors were from high-income countries (HICs). The United States (n = 81) and India (n = 40) had the most corresponding authors. Thirty-six (17.6%) articles had research conducted in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and the first, senior, and corresponding authors were from HICs.

CONCLUSION

Our analysis shows that researchers from LMICs are under-represented as authors of global pediatric oncology publications. Further studies are needed to evaluate the factors that contribute to inequalities in global pediatric oncology research.
Forecasting Asparaginase Need and Cost for Childhood Cancer Using ACCESS FORxECAST
Authors: Hughes Terence M. , Shrivastava Nitin , Silverman Lewis B. , Frazier A. Lindsay , Gupta Sumit , Denburg Avram
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE

Asparaginase (ASN) is a critical component of pediatric ALL protocols. Until recently, ASN was available in three formulations: native Escherichia coli, PEGylated E. coli (PEG), and Erwinase, with native E. coli typically more accessible in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Short shelf lives, intermittent availability, and concern for substandard formulations in LMICs have created a need for proactive ASN demand estimates.

METHODS

We adapted FORxECAST, a pediatric cancer drug forecasting model, to focus on ASN for pediatric ALL. The model is adaptable to user data and defaults to best available public data where local data are unavailable. We forecast ASN quantity and cost in three case study countries for four scenarios using two regimens—base regimen (BR) and intensified regimen (IR)—outlining how quantity and costs vary on the basis of ASN formulation, dose, and second-line availability.

RESULTS

Native E. coli is cheaper than PEG for first-line treatment across all scenarios. Regimen intensification from BR to IR requires a substantially higher cost when PEG is used relative to native E. coli. The cost of treating ASN hypersensitivity with Erwinase for BR in Burundi, Ghana, and Turkmenistan is $19,660 in US dollars (USD), $24,800 USD, and $15,246 USD, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Treatment intensification requires a cost increase that should be accessible for most LMICs, but PEG utilization is substantially more costly, suggesting that prioritizing investment in intensifying treatment using native E. coli is the least costly approach to maximize treatment availability. Cost savings associated with native E. coli utilization may liberate funds for Erwinase procurement for patients with ASN hypersensitivity. Future analyses needed include an evaluation of costs associated with preventing abandonment due to compliance complexity with native E. coli given increased administration frequency compared with PEG.
Treatment and Outcomes of Pancreatic Cancer in Armenia: A Retrospective Study From Resource-Limited Settings
Authors: Baloyan Elen , Zohrabyan Davit , Safaryan Liana , Avagyan Armen , Harutyunyan Lilit , Bardakhchyan Vardan , Arakelyan Jemma , Sargsyan Amalya , Harutyunyan Martin , Mailyan Mariam , Tamamyan Gevorg , Bardakhchyan Samvel
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE

Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in the world. In Armenia, it is 12th by incidence. The aim of this study is to evaluate treatment and outcomes of pancreatic cancer in Armenia during the past 12 years.

METHODS

This is a retrospective study with data from three oncology centers in Armenia: “Muratsan” Hospital of Yerevan State Medical University, Mikaelyan institute of surgery, and Yeolyan Hematology and Oncology Center. The information was obtained from the medical records of the patients with pancreatic cancer treated at these centers during January 1, 2010-January 1, 2022. Log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival analysis. Cox regression analysis was performed for identification of main prognostic factors.

RESULTS

Of 70 patients involved in the final analysis, 45.7% was female. The median age at diagnosis was 63 years. The median follow-up time was 11 months (range, 2-146). A total of 11.4% of patients had stage I-II, 27.1% had stage III, and 60% had stage IV disease. The main independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) was the TNM stage, whereas grade of the tumor was not significant. The median OS was 11 months (range, 2-169 months): In stages I-III, patients who had surgery (44.4%) lived significantly longer than those who did not (20
v
11 months;
P
= .008). Main chemotherapy regimens were 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, folinic acid and irinotecan (41.4%) and gemcitabine plus capecitabine (38.6%). No significant survival difference was found between these groups (13
v
11 months;
P
= .162).

CONCLUSION

Survival of patients with pancreatic cancer in Armenia is dismal, not exceeding 1 year. Hopefully, further research in the field and new treatment modalities will improve the situation.
Compreendendo o instagram no contexto do inbound marketing
Authors: Toledo Luciano Augusto , Assis Evange Elias
Published: January 2025

o Inbound marketing é uma ferramenta do marketing focada em atrair, converter e encantar clientes e, atualmente, é uma das mais utilizadas pelas empresas que buscam manter relacionamento de longo prazo com seus consumidores. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi analisar o uso do Instagram no contexto do Inbound marketing da empresa varejista de calçados Artwalk. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados caracterizaram o estudo como exploratório e qualitativo, utilizando-se do método do estudo de caso.  Observou-se que a produção de conteúdo e o trabalho com influenciadores digitais no Instagram possibilitaram atrair maior público para a empresa. Além disso, o Instagram impulsionou o Inbound marketing, ao favorecer as vendas, melhorando a comunicação e o entendimento do comportamento do consumidor. Foram apresentadas sugestões para pesquisas futuras nesta área em expansão.
Clinical Outcomes of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Hybrid Prosthesis in All-on-Four Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Boukhris Hanen , Hajjami Hayet , Ben youssef Souha
Published: January 2025

Background The “all-on-four” concept represents a significant advancement in dental implantology. particularly beneficial in cases of extensive jaw bone loss where invasive bone regeneration procedures are typically required. However, the successful implementation of this technique necessitates meticulous planning concerning implant selection, materials, and prosthesis design. The recent introduction of PEEK (Polyetheretherketone) in dentistry, especially in all-on-four prosthetics, prompts questions regarding its clinical efficacy and comparative biomechanical and biological advantages over conventional materials such as titanium and zirconia. While some studies have compared PEEK with other materials, systematic reviews evaluating its efficacy are scarce. This systematic review protocol intends to assess the evidence regarding the viability of PEEK as a potential alternative within the all-on-four approach in dental implantology. Methods This systematic review protocol will adhere to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Interventions and align with the Methodological Expectations of the Cochrane Intervention Reviews (MECIR) guidelines. Utilizing a comprehensive search strategy, multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and registries of clinical trials, will be explored. The search aims to identify randomized controlled trials and non-randomized studies investigating the application of PEEK in the all-on-four approach for dental procedures. Emphasizing clinically relevant outcomes such as implant survival, prosthesis success, peri-implant complications, and patient satisfaction, this review aims to provide insights into the effectiveness and potential benefits of using PEEK in all-on-four prosthetics. Non-randomized studies will be assessed for bias using ROBINS-I, while randomized controlled trials will undergo evaluation with the Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool, ROB II. Discussion The outcomes derived from this systematic review hold great significance for dental practitioners exploring the all-on-four concept. Understanding PEEK’s advantages and limitations compared to titanium and zirconia facilitates tailored treatment plans, enhancing success and satisfaction, ultimately improving dental care quality. Systematic review registration PROSPERO: CRD42024531175 (Registered on 13/04/2024).
The genome sequence of the Lackey moth, Malacosoma neustria (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Gardiner Adrian ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: January 2025

We present a genome assembly from a male specimen of Malacosoma neustria (the Lackey moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Lasiocampidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 567.70 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.96%) is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.46 kilobases in length.
Structural modernization of the Russian economy: threats, opportunities, prospects
Authors: Dubovik Mayya , Osipov Vladimir , Bondarenko Nataliya , Komarova Irina , Sigarev Aleksandr , Goryainova Lyudmila , Man'kovskiy Igor' , Akmaeva Raisa Isaevna , Amirov Rasul , Frolov Andrey , Novikova Ekaterina , Maksimova Tat'yana , Burceva Tat'yana , Cherednichenko Oleg , Asalieva Zubeyda , Vershinina Anna , Trofimovskaya Alla , Savinova Marina , Kuznecova Ol'ga , Sizova Tat'yana , Tryndina Nikol' , Ermolaev Sergey , Sizova Darina , Dmitriev Sergey , Shaposhnikov Artem
Published: January 2025

The collective monograph examines the main aspects of the large-scale structural modernization of the Russian economy at the present stage. Considerable attention is paid to the necessary conditions for the implementation of structural changes, the increasing importance of social and socio-political factors is analyzed, and the sectoral and regional potential of structural modernization is studied in the context of its relationship with practice. Barriers and factors that are relevant for Russia, as well as the effects of numerous rounds of collective sanctions that constrain structural transformations, have been identified. The possibilities are considered and the main vectors of further economic development are characterized, implying social and environmental sustainability and improving the quality of life of the population. The monograph is aimed at economists, teachers, graduate students, students of economic disciplines, and is also of interest to scientists and practitioners.
Perspektywy badań kopernikańskich a odmienne tradycje metodologiczne w 550. rocznicę urodzin Mikołaja Kopernika.
Authors: Kokowski Michał
Published: January 2025

W artykule przedstawiamy perspektywy badań kopernikańskich jakie rysują się w 550. rocznicę urodzin Mikołaja Kopernika.
Perspektywy te zależne są od odmiennych tradycji metodologicznych, jakie przyjmują badacze. Wyróżnione zostały cztery takie tradycje: „historia jest dyskursem władzy”; „historia / badania historyczne”, „historia pamięci / badania historii pamięci”, „krytyka historyczna historii pamięci / badań historii pamięci”.
Ważną rolę w tych badaniach pełni poszukiwanie nowych źródeł historycznych, pogłębienia interpretacji dzięki zastosowaniu bogatszych hermeneutyk badawczych oraz usuwanie mitów historiograficznych.
Wokół życia i działalności Mikołaja Kopernika – nowe publikacje naukowe wydane w roku rocznicowym
Authors: Bienias Barbara
Published: January 2025

Artykuł omawia najważniejsze założenia i tezy wybranej literatury naukowej dotyczącej postaci i działalności Mikołaja Kopernika wydanej w Polsce w 2023 r. Rok ten ogłoszono Rokiem Kopernika w związku z 550. rocznicą urodzin astronoma. Zaproponowany przegląd odnosi się tematycznie do wydarzeń naukowych odbywających się podczas tegorocznego Światowego Kongresu Kopernikańskiego. W tekście zawarto refleksje odnośnie obecnego stanu badań kopernikańskich i dalszych możliwości ich rozwoju.
Dynamisms of Spirituality Formation in the Biography of Natalia Tułasiewicz
Authors: Jazukiewicz Iwona
Published: January 2025

This article aimed to demonstrate the importance of spirituality for achieving happiness in all life circumstances, based on the biography of the Polish teacher Natalia Tułasiewicz. The biographical material is organised according to the dynamisms (powers) of education identified by the classical pedagogical thought of Stefan Kunowski. These dynamisms include bios, representing the natural, psycho-organic development of the human being; etos, denoting the social action of educators; agos, signifying the power of the moral action and mental authority of educators; and fate, an unpredictable and unquantifiable force. It has been assumed that educational growth arises from the simultaneous interaction of these dynamics, with spirituality playing a crucial role. The analytical-synthetic method has been employed, with the primary source being Natalia Tułasiewicz’s four volumes of diary entries covering the years 1938–1943. This paper outlined the four dynamisms in Natalia Tułasiewicz’s life, emphasising the role of spirituality in overcoming adversity. For her, spirituality was not an end in itself but a means to develop relationships with God and others. In doing so, she attained a level of maturity in both natural and religious spirituality, enabling her to perceive each event of fate as meaningful and valuable. During the tragic times of war, she managed to find happiness and bring hope to others too in a concentration camp – a place where hope had seemingly vanished.
Domownik Workbook. A Resource for Shaping Children’s Cultural Identity in Grades I–III
Authors: Lisowska Kinga
Published: January 2025

The cultural identity of an individual – a child – a pupil and its formation is a crucial matter in times of globalisation, cultural fusion, interaction with others, and merging into intercultural, transcultural structures. In a school setting, the children can have new, broader experiences constituting belonging to a given cultural community. In the first three grades of primary school, this is done through early childhood education and (importantly) through school religious education in the form of catechesis and the tools and textbooks used during it. It combines the cultural identity conferred in the family with the identity naturally conveyed through religion. This paper presents a qualitative analysis of the secondary source in the form of the workbook Domownik – a supplement for the family, which accompanies the school catechesis textbooks of the Catholic Church in the first educational stage. It was concluded that the workbook includes features leading to ethnos, which is recognised as a determinant for cultural identity formation. These features guide the pupil towards the knowledge and education of language (linguistic codes), customs (communal celebrations), history (collective memory) and being rooted in religion. They also mobilise them to explore the values and principles characteristic of the Catholic Church community in Poland and to open up to the experiences that make up the structure of an individual’s identity embedded in the reality of affiliation and identification with a particular social community. Domownik is a tool for working with the pupil through collaboration with his/her most immediate cultural group – the family. It is designed to be usedas an optional extra task for children in grades I–III in their home environment. In school, on the other hand, it is sometimes used alongside – on a par with – instead of the textbook.
Ingesta de fibra dietética y consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados asociado a la obesidad abdominal en escolares.
Authors: Huamán Toledano Silvana Caterine , PALOMINO QUISPE LUIS PAVEL , Mosquera Figueroa Zoila Rita
Published: January 2025

Introducción. En la era de la tecnología digital el consumo de los alimentos ultraprocesados se incrementó, los alimentos naturales o mínimamente procesados que habitualmente se consumían han sido reemplazados por los alimentos industrializados.
Objetivo. Evaluar la relación entre la ingesta de fibra dietética y el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados con obesidad abdominal en escolares de la institución educativa San Antonio de Jicamarca.
Material y métodos. La investigación es de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, transversal, correlacional-causal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 123 escolares de 10 a 12 años, matriculados en la institución educativa San Antonio de Jicamarca. La recolección de datos se realizó durante el periodo agosto-septiembre del 2023. La ingesta de fibra y el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados se cuantificó a través de la encuesta de frecuencia de consumo semicuantitativa que incluía el tamaño de porción. Para evaluar la obesidad abdominal, se procedió a la medición del perímetro abdominal, acorde al protocolo establecido por el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Perú. Con el fin de evaluar la relación entre las variables, se utilizó la prueba estadística no paramétrica de Rho de Spearman.
Resultados. El 100 % no cubre con su recomendación diaria de fibra dietética; el 33,3 % presentó una ingesta alta de alimentos ultraprocesados y el 10,6 % presentó un perímetro abdominal con riesgo cardiovascular muy alto. Al analizar la relación entre la ingesta de fibra y la obesidad abdominal, se obtuvo un p valor (p<0,05). Al evaluar la relación entre el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y la obesidad abdominal, se obtuvo un p valor (p>0,05).
Conclusión. La ingesta de fibra tiene relación inversa con el perímetro abdominal. Es decir, a menor consumo de fibra, el perímetro abdominal será mayor en los escolares.
Effect of High Temperature on PGC Migration in an Early Stage of White Shrimp
Authors:   Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand, Muttaharach Jirakanit , Chotigeat Wilaiwan ,   Biological Science Division, Molecular Biotechnology, and Bioinformatics program, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
Published: January 2025

Water temperature is one of the most important effects on aquatic
physiology and survival rate. The primordial germ cell (PGC) development
in post-larvae stages was conducted to determine the effect of high-water
temperature using the histology technique. This research was conducted
by incubating white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) post -larvae at 3, 4,
5, 11, 15 days (n = 3) with three different water temperatures (25, 34,
and 37 °C). The gonad development was observed in the aspect of PGCs
migration to the genital ridge by using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining
(H&E). Among the PGCs of shrimp cultured in high water temperatures,
they decreased in number and size when compared to the control group
(25 °C). While the PCGs development of the post-larvae cultured at 34
and 37 °C were not significantly different in the number and size. Based
on this result, the high temperature affected the reduction of PGCs
number and their migration during the larvae stage. This study is useful
as a guide to establishing fewer germ cells in white shrimp for future
transplantation techniques.
Analysing power and gender dynamics in the German far-right network: a feminist approach to social network analysis
Authors: Scheyer Victoria , True Jacqui , Bonotti Matteo
Published: January 2025

With growing media attention and the increased visibility of female leaders, influencers, and groups within the far right, some analysts argue that the movement presents itself with a `female face,’ incorporating liberal values such as women’s empowerment -a phenomenon often described as paradoxical. This paper investigates the gender dynamics, roles, and influence of women and women-led groups within Europe’s far-right online networks, focusing on the German context. Through a feminist-informed social network analysis, the study examines the gendered structure and power dynamics of far-right online networks using data from Telegram, a platform known for its lack of moderation and popularity among far-right actors. The findings reveal close connections among various actors and organisations, including political parties, civil society, and cultural groups structured into five interacting communities. The analysis shows that power distribution within the network is highly gendered, with male-dominated, white supremacist leadership and content shaping the collective identity of the network. Women and women-led initiatives, while present, are situated on the periphery with limited influence and secondary leadership roles. This paper advances our understanding of the gendered dimensions of political extremism within online networks.
The split-comparative hypothesis and the morphology of comparative adverbs in Czech
Authors: Caha Pavel , de Clercq Karen , Wyngaerd Guido Vanden
Published: January 2025

abstract: This paper investigates complex allomorphy patterns in comparative adjectives and adverbs in Standard Czech and two of its dialects. We formulate an account of the allomorphy (including microparametric variation) within the Nanosyntax framework (Starke 2018). We argue that in order to capture the facts, we need to adopt two proposals. The first one is a split cmpr hypothesis (Caha et al. 2019), according to which the comparative head splits into two independent projections, C1 and C2. The second idea is a split Adv hypothesis (hinted at in Bobaljik 2012), according to which there are two positions for an Adv head in the functional sequence.
Narrative Capacity
Authors: Makoff Eve
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT: Narrative medicine workshops teach close reading to healthcare providers so that they may deeply attend to the particulars of patients' stories and contexts. Through this practice patients are better understood, and stronger bonds are created between provider and patient, leading to more compassionate and effective delivery of healthcare. Narrative medicine sessions also include reflective writing, which helps caregivers process their experiences of working in healthcare. This essay expands on two key narrative medicine proficiencies: narrative competence and narrative humility . Both are related to the ability of healthcare workers to take in and respond to patients' stories from a humble and equitable stance; I suggest a third provider-focused competency called narrative capacity . Narrative capacity refers to an internal space, or emotional bandwidth, that clinicians create to remain solid in the face of repeated stories of suffering, especially in fields like palliative care. Utilizing a work of fiction, personal narratives, and a psychological lens called psychogeotherapy, this essay proposes that narrative capacity is built by adjusting one's way of being in, and expectations from, healthcare encounters.
A Modern Occupation for Women: The Feminization and Professionalization of Nursing in 1930s China
Authors: Xu Yier
Published: January 2025

Abstract: When nursing was introduced in China in the late nineteenth century, men and women had equal access to the occupation. By the mid-1930s, however, the ratio of female to male nurses in China was more than two to one. Feminization of nursing during the Republican era was caused by male nurses leaving in pursuit of better wages and animated by competing discourses surrounding the tropes of the Modern Girl and the New Woman. Hospitals facilitated the feminization of nursing by utilizing gender tropes to their advantage. They justified hiring women on the grounds that nurses' duties resembled women's domestic responsibilities. Hospitals objectified nursing staff's femininity to attract patients and highlighted nurses' image as modern women to imply their own modernity. Under criticism, female nurses asserted their authority over knowledge, gender roles, and merit to promote their professional image. Efforts by female nurses to professionalize their work played a key role in the ultimate success of the feminization of nursing.
Tolerance mechanisms in polysaccharide biosynthesis: Implications for undecaprenol phosphate recycling in Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri
Authors: Qin Jilong , Hong Yaoqin , Maczuga Nicholas T. , Morona Renato , Totsika Makrina
Published: January 2025

Bacterial polysaccharide synthesis is catalysed on the universal lipid carrier, undecaprenol phosphate (UndP). The cellular UndP pool is shared by different polysaccharide synthesis pathways including peptidoglycan biogenesis. Disruptions in cytosolic polysaccharide synthesis steps are detrimental to bacterial survival due to effects on UndP recycling. In contrast, bacteria can survive disruptions in the periplasmic steps, suggesting a tolerance mechanism to mitigate UndP sequestration. Here we investigated tolerance mechanisms to disruptions of polymerases that are involved in UndP-releasing steps in two related polysaccharide synthesis pathways: that for enterobacterial common antigen (ECA) and that for O antigen (OAg), in Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri. Our study reveals that polysaccharide polymerisation is crucial for efficient UndP recycling. In E. coli K-12, cell survival upon disruptions in OAg polymerase is dependent on a functional ECA synthesis pathway and vice versa. This is because disruptions in OAg synthesis lead to the redirection of the shared lipid-linked sugar substrate UndPP-GlcNAc towards increased ECA production. Conversely, in S. flexneri, the OAg polymerase is essential due to its limited ECA production, which inadequately redirects UndP flow to support cell survival. We propose a model whereby sharing the initial sugar intermediate UndPP-GlcNAc between the ECA and OAg synthesis pathways allows UndP to be redirected towards ECA production, mitigating sequestration issues caused by disruptions in the OAg pathway. These findings suggest an evolutionary buffering mechanism that enhances bacterial survival when UndP sequestration occurs due to stalled polysaccharide biosynthesis, which may allow polysaccharide diversity in the species to increase over time.
High pulse pressure is associated with an increased risk of prediabetes in hypertensive individuals: A retrospective study based on an adult Chinese population
Authors: Wu Zhanxing , Chen Zhongqing , Zeng Wenfei , Peng Ganggang , Huang Zhenhua
Published: January 2025

Objectives

The pulse pressure (PP) is an important factor influencing the outcomes of diabetes. However, the relationship between the PP and prediabetes has been rarely studied and how this association might be impacted by hypertension is not clear.

Methods

In this study, we retrospectively included 184,252 adults from 32 regions in China, spanning from 2010 to 2016. Cox regression and sensitivity analysis were used to examine the relationship between PP and prediabetes. For the hypertensive population, Cox proportional hazards regression and smooth curve fitting were performed to explore the non-linear relationship between PP and prediabetes. A two-stage Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to determine the inflection point of PP in relation to the risk of prediabetes.

Results

After adjusting for confounding factors, we found a positive association between PP and prediabetes (HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03–1.19, P = 0.0045). However, we observed that this relationship was not significant in the normal blood pressure group (HR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.94–1.18, P = 0.3529). We also found a non-linear relationship between PP and the risk of prediabetes in hypertensive individuals. The inflection point of PP was 31 mmHg. When PP ≥ 31 mmHg, there was a positive association with the risk of prediabetes (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.04–2.08, P <0.0001). Conversely, when PP < 31 mmHg, this association was not significant (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.59–1.15, P = 0.2646).

Conclusions

This study suggests a non-linear relationship between PP and the risk of prediabetes in hypertensive individuals. Maintaining PP within 31 mmHg is crucial for preventing the occurrence of prediabetes.
Identification of cuproptosis and ferroptosis-related subtypes and development of a prognostic signature in colon cancer
Authors: He Yinghao , Liu Fuqiang , Li Qingshu , Jiang Zheng
Published: January 2025

Colon cancer, as a highly prevalent malignant tumor globally, poses a significant threat to human health. In recent years, ferroptosis and cuproptosis, as two novel forms of cell death, have attracted widespread attention for their potential roles in the development and treatment of colon cancer. However, the investigation into the subtypes and their impact on the survival of colon cancer patients remains understudied. In this study, utilizing data from TCGA and GEO databases, we examined the expression differences of ferroptosis and cuproptosis-related genes in colon cancer and identified two subtypes. Through functional analysis and bioinformatics methods, we elucidated pathway differences and biological characteristics between these two subtypes. By leveraging differential genes between the two subtypes, we constructed a prognostic model using univariate Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis as well as LASSO regression analysis. Further survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated the model’s high accuracy. To enhance its clinical utility, we evaluated the clinical significance of the model and constructed a nomogram, significantly improving the predictive ability of the model and providing a new tool for prognostic assessment of colon cancer patients. Subsequently, through immune-related analysis, we revealed differences in immune cell infiltration and immune function between high- and low-risk groups. Further analysis of the relationship between the model and immune cells and functions revealed potential therapeutic targets. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed associations between the expression of model-related genes and drug sensitivity, suggesting their involvement in tumor resistance through certain mechanisms. AZD8055_1059, Bortezomib_1191, Dihydrorotenone_1827, and MG-132_1862 were more sensitive in the high-risk group. Finally, we analyzed differential expression of model-related genes between tumor tissues and normal tissues, validated through real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. In summary, our study provides a relatively accurate prognostic tool for colon cancer patients, offering guidance for treatment selection and indicating the potential of immunotherapy in colon cancer.
The impact of visual fidelity on screen-based virtual reality food choices: A randomized pilot study
Authors: Curi Braga Bianca , Sajjadi Pejman , Bagher Mahda , Klippel Alexander , Menold Jessica , Masterson Travis
Published: January 2025

Objective

To understand the impact of fidelity and perceived realism on virtual reality food choices, and task motivation, engagement, and interest.

Design

Randomized controlled trial.

Setting

Online.

Participants

84 participants recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk.

Intervention

Participants were randomly assigned to either a high- (n = 43) or a low- (n = 41) visual fidelity environment and were asked to select foods to have a meal with a friend.

Main outcome measures

Food choice, motivation of food choices, engagement, and interest.

Analysis

Simple linear regressions between visual fidelity and perceived realism, and log-linear regressions for visual fidelity or perceived realism on either motivation, interest, or engagement. Poisson models between visual fidelity or perceived realism, and food selections.

Results

Manipulating visual fidelity was not associated with perceived realism, motivation, interest, or engagement in the food selection task. Perceived realism increased motivation by 0.3% (SE 0.056; p = 0.022), interest by 1.4% (SE 0.002; p<0.001), and engagement by 0.9% (SE 0.001; p<0.001) in the food selection task. High visual fidelity decreased the total number of foods selected (B = 0.216; CI (-0.384; -0.047); p = 0.012).

Conclusion and implications

Perceived realism, but not visual fidelity, is important for task related factors like motivation, engagement, and interest. Visual fidelity may influence some food selections.
Evaluation of the practical application of the category-imbalanced myeloid cell classification model
Authors: Hu Zhigang , Ge Aoru , Wang Xinzheng , Ou Cuisi , Wang Shen , Wang Junwen
Published: January 2025

The incidence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is increasing annually, and timely diagnostic and treatments can substantially improve patient survival rates. AML typing traditionally relies on manual microscopy for classifying and counting myeloid cells, which is time-consuming, laborious, and subjective. Therefore, developing a reliable automated model for myeloid cell classification is imperative. This study evaluated the performance of five widely-used classification models on the largest publicly available bone marrow cell dataset (BM). However, the accuracy of the classification model is significantly affected by the imbalance in the distribution of bone marrow cell types. To address this issue, this study analyzed five different Loss functions and seven different attention mechanisms. When the classification models is chosen, Swin Transformer V2 was found to perform the best. However, the lightweight model RegNetX-3.2gf had significantly fewer parameters and a significantly faster inference speed than Swin Transformer V2, and its F1 Score was only 0.032 lower than that of Swin Transformer V2. Accordingly, RegNetX-3.2gf is strongly recommended for practical applications. During the evaluation of Loss function and attention mechanism, the Cost-Sensitive Loss Function (CS) and the channel attention mechanism Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks (SE) demonstrated superior performance. The optimal model (RegNetX-3.2gf + CS + SE) achieved an average precision of 68.183%, an average recall of 63.722%, and an average F1 Score of 65.155%. This model exhibited significantly improved performance compared to the original dataset results, achieving an enhancement of 17.183% in precision and 10.655% in the F1 Score. Finally, the class activation maps demonstrate that our model focused on the cells themselves, especially on the nucleus when making classifications. It proved that our model was reliable. This study provided an important reference for the study of bone marrow cell classification and a practical application of the model, promoting the development of the intelligent classification of AML.
Non-linear relationship between built environment and non-motorized travel efficiency under the traffic micro-circulation model
Authors: Dong Xiaoyuan , Wang Lining , Du Sen , Qian Bicheng , Wang Jiaxin
Published: January 2025

The built environment is an important determinant of travel demand and mode choice. Studying the relationship between the built environment and transportation usage can support and assist traffic policy interventions. Previous studies often assumed that this relationship is linear; however, the impact of the built environment on non-motorized travel efficiency may be more complex than the typically modeled linear relationships. This paper focuses on the core area of Chengguan District in Lanzhou City, utilizing multi-source big data including POI, OpenStreetMap, street view images, and built environment data. Using ArcGIS spatial analysis tools combined with the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model, we analyze the non-linear influence mechanisms and threshold effects of the built environment on non-motorized travel efficiency and establish a ranking of the relative importance of all built environment factors. The results indicate that factors such as the branch road/street, land-use mix, land-use density, neighborhood entrance/exit density, bus station density, and dead-end-roads density are key influences on non-motorized travel efficiency. Additionally, based on the non-linear thresholds presented in the partial dependence plots for built environment factors, this paper proposes optimization strategies for small-scale road network patterns, mixed land use, and bus-friendly environments, providing effective threshold ranges and decision-making references for urban planning and traffic management.