bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mesozoic crustal melting and metamorphism in the U.S. Cordilleran hinterland: Insights from the Sawtooth metamorphic complex, central Idaho
Authors: Ma Chong , Foster David A. , Mueller Paul A. , Dutrow Barbara L. , Marsh Jeffery
Published: January 2021

In this study, we present whole-rock geochemistry and Sm-Nd data; zircon trace element, U-Pb, and Lu-Hf data; titanite U-Pb dating; and structural analysis of igneous and metasedimentary rocks of the Sawtooth metamorphic complex that provide insight into regional metamorphism, partial melting, and crustal thickening in the Idaho batholith segment of the Cordilleran orogen. Four magmatic events are revealed: (1) pre-tectonic felsic magmatism at ca. 156 Ma, (2) syn-tectonic mafic and felsic magmatism between ca. 100 Ma and ca. 92 Ma, (3) felsic magmatism concurrent with late-stage deformation at ca. 89−84 Ma, and (4) post-tectonic felsic magmatism at ca. 77 Ma. The multiple generations of felsic magmatism include a variety of sedimentary- and igneous-derived granitoids distinguished by zircon trace element compositions (e.g., U/Ce versus Th and Ce/Sm versus Yb/Gd) and were sourced from progressively more evolved crustal components as shown by Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd isotopic data. U-Pb data of metamorphic zircons and titanites from high-grade metasedimentary rocks suggest that regional metamorphism occurred from ca. 100−93 Ma, which was characterized by granulite-facies partial melting and concurrent growth of metamorphic zircons and garnets. The episodic magmatism in the Sawtooth metamorphic complex records pervasive melt migration in a hot, mid-crustal setting at ca. 100‒92 Ma and additional magma ascent in a cool, upper-crustal setting at ca. 77 Ma. The uplift of the Sawtooth metamorphic complex from mid- to upper-crust was likely caused by underthrusting at lower crustal levels coupled with erosion and thinning of the upper crust. This work suggests that the crust of the Cordilleran hinterland in the Idaho batholith region underwent significant thickening from ca. 100‒84 Ma, and a crust of Andean-like thickness was probably achieved by ca. 84 Ma. By ca. 77 Ma, the central Idaho crust started to thin likely due to mid-crustal flow and surface erosion. The new data from the Sawtooth metamorphic complex are consistent with the two major magmatic flare-ups in the Late Jurassic and Late Cretaceous in the U.S. Cordilleran orogen.
Study on a four degrees-of-freedom multi-dimensional vibration isolation platform based on a 4-UPU parallel mechanism
Authors: Zhang Ying , Guo Xiaodong , Yu Shijia
Published: January 2021

A novel four degrees-of-freedom (4-DOF) multi-dimensional vibration isolation platform (MDVIP) based on a four universal–prismatic–universal (4-UPU) parallel mechanism is put forward for vibration isolation of sensitive devices. It consists of four limbs, each of which has two universal joints and a spring damper module. The kinematic model and the vibration model of the proposed MDVIP were designed and analyzed. The main dimensions of the MDVIP and the parameters of the spring damper module were determined by an optimization method to meet various design requirements and constraints. Both the virtual prototype and physical prototype of the MDVIP were designed to verify vibration isolation performance. The results of numerical calculations, simulation, and experimental studies based on vibration response analysis show that the proposed MDVIP can isolate at least 78% of the vibration from the fixed base in three axial directions and 64% of the vibration in the direction around the Z-axis. It can therefore largely attenuate disturbances to items on a moving platform.
RESONANCE BETWEEN SELF-SIMILAR SETS AND THEIR UNIVOQUE SETS
Authors: CHEN CHEN , MA YING , LEI LEI , GAREEB MOHAMMAD , JIANG KAN
Published: January 2021

Let [Formula: see text] be a self-similar set in [Formula: see text]. Generally, if the iterated function system (IFS) of [Formula: see text] has some overlaps, then some points in [Formula: see text] may have multiple codings. If an [Formula: see text] has a unique coding, then we call [Formula: see text] a univoque point. We denote by [Formula: see text] (univoque set) the set of points in [Formula: see text] having unique codings. In this paper, we shall consider the following natural question: if two self-similar sets are bi-Lipschitz equivalent, then are their associated univoque sets also bi-Lipschitz equivalent. We give a class of self-similar sets with overlaps, and answer the above question affirmatively.
Electrochemical doping and semiconductor properties of poly-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(p-aminophenyl)porphyrin films
Authors: Tesakova Mariya V. , Parfenyuk Vladimir I.
Published: January 2021

Poly-5,10,15,20-tetrakis([Formula: see text]-aminophenyl)porphyrin films were obtained by interfacial polymerization and electropolymerization. According to the results of electron spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy it has been determined that oxidative polymerization of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis([Formula: see text]-aminophenyl)porphyrin, regardless of its type (chemical/electrochemical), proceeds through the formation of phenazine and dihydrophenazine fragments. It has been established that the film obtained by the electrochemical method is in the oxidized state, the supporting electrolyte anions are included in the film. The polyporphyrin films obtained by interfacial polymerization are non-conductive. As a result of doping the films obtained by the chemical method, due to the oxidation in the anodic potential region, the polymer acquires [Formula: see text]-type semiconductor properties. It has been shown that electrochemical doping of poly-5,10,15,20-tetrakis([Formula: see text]-aminophenyl)porphyrin films can make them electroconductive. The obtained films can be recommended as elements of photovoltaic devices, the operation of which is based on the excitation of excitons under the action of light radiation, the redistribution of which leads to a change in the potential of the working electrode.
Performance Analysis Using a Deep Belief Network by a Self-Organizing Map
Authors: Yan Yongquan , Zhu Yu , Li Yanjun
Published: January 2021

Since resource consumption is the main reason for software aging occurrences, many methods have been applied to accurately predict the resource consumption series. Among these methods, neural networks are powerfully applied to forecast the series data. For some existing problems of artificial neural networks such as the choice of initialization and local optimization, the improvements of neural networks are not only a hot research topic in the field of time series prediction but also a research hotspot in resource consumption prediction of software aging. In this paper, we propose a method for resource consumption prediction of software aging using deep belief nets (DBNs) with the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM). This presented method contains the following steps. First, a pre-processing is introduced by two parts: smoothing data by a self-organizing map (SOM) and removing a linear trend by a difference method. Second, a method, DBN with two RBMs, is presented to capture the features and forecast future values. Third, a glowworm swarm optimization (GSO) method is used to learn the hyper-parameters of DBN with two RBMs. In the experiments, two types of resource consumption series are used to validate our proposed method compared with some state-of-the-art algorithms.
Hybrid Fuzzy-Genetic Model for Fitness-Based Performance Optimization in Wireless Networks
Authors: Mehta Ridhima
Published: January 2021

In recent times, the application of autonomic soft computing techniques for design and optimization of wireless access networks is progressively becoming prevalent. These computational learning techniques are capable of handling uncertain and imprecise networking information while driving toward the optimal solution set in the problem search space. The approach proposed by this paper presents the application of the fuzzy logic inference combined with the evolutionary genetic algorithm to optimize the performance parameters in wireless networks. In particular, we consider optimal bit rate allocation and transmission power consumption through the joint design of fuzzy-genetic modeling framework. The sample training data generated through simulations of IEEE 802.11 wireless access network are analyzed for optimization by supplying it to the expert hybrid model comprising of the conjunctive design of both the computational intelligent techniques. Specifically, we contemplate the binary encoding scheme, single-point crossover, reversing mutation, and two fitness functions for executing the binary genetic operations of crossover and mutation. It is generally observed that the proposed hybrid model with polynomial fitness function yields better performance with scalable network datasets than the logarithmic fitness function in terms of higher objective value. Moreover, the results obtained through simulation experiments exhibit significant throughput gains and power efficiency for the deployed fitness functions with the evolving size of training dataset. Compared with the existing methods, our hybrid learning model demonstrates performance enhancement with higher expected fitness measure, improved throughput and power efficiency.
Traumatic Rupture of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle Belly in a Circus Rigger
Authors: Teo Wendy Z.W. , Kaur Reshvinder , Sebastin Sandeep
Published: January 2021

Closed traumatic rupture of forearm flexor muscles has been reported rarely. Previous reports have included ruptures of the flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, flexor carpi radialis, pronator quadratus and the palmaris longus. We report a patient with a closed traumatic rupture through the muscle belly of the flexor carpi ulnaris and summarise the published literature on ruptures involving the forearm flexor muscles. Overall, conservative treatment can result in excellent outcomes. Early surgical intervention is recommended in patients with nerve involvement and compartment syndrome and delayed reconstruction may be considered for patients with functional deficits.
Treatment of Multiple Coronal Fractures in the Proximal Carpal Row with a Dorsal Distraction Bridge Plate: A Case Report
Authors: Kuroda Takuma , Kawasaki Keikichi , Okano Ichiro , Inagaki Katsunori
Published: January 2021

Lunate coronal fracture is a rare injury, associated with impact along the capitate and lunate axis; neutralization of this axial force is important for satisfactory patient outcomes. This report presents a case of a 51-year-old man with a lunate coronal fracture associated with coronal fractures in the proximal carpal bones and volar and proximal dislocation of the distal carpal row. Open reduction and internal fixation with a dorsal distraction bridge plate were performed. Solid bony union was achieved at the fracture site and the patient resumed full activities without difficulty. Use of distraction bridge plate fixation can support treating this type of injury, in particular, in cases where the lunate fracture is difficult to treat with conventional osteosynthesis techniques; the presented approach provides good short-term results.
Examining the Adoption of Onlineto- Offline (O2O)
Authors: Ram Jiwat , Manoharan Ashokkumar , Sun Siyao
Published: January 2021

The online-to-offline (O2O) business model is rapidly growing among organizations, yet current knowledge on O2O adoption is predominantly individual focused, with little research on organizational adoption and the factors driving adoption. To address this gap, underpinned by the diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory, this study collected qualitative data (24 semistructured interviews), which were analyzed using content analysis techniques. We found that offline service quality and social network prosperity are some of the factors driving O2O adoption. Surprisingly, inefficient offline marketing was also found to drive O2O adoption, which indicates new challenges posed by the growing online business environment. We found that not all factors can be categorically classified as facilitating or impeding adoption, as some factors (such as operational challenges and costs) could play dichotomous roles of facilitating or impeding in the context of peculiar circumstances. For example, we found cost to be an impeding factor, yet the results also indicated the benefits of cost reduction resulting from O2O adoption, thereby rendering cost a contentious issue. This study extends the application of DOI theory to the O2O adoption stage, and identifies a number of new factors associated with internal/external organizational characteristics, as postulated in the DOI. Managerial implications are discussed.
What's Next in Blockchain Research?
Authors: Treiblmaier Horst , Swan Melanie , de Filippi Primavera , Lacity Mary , Hardjono Thomas , Kim Henry
Published: January 2021

Distributed ledger technology, frequently designated as 'blockchain,' is evolving from its hype phase toward greater maturity and long-term value creation. Although many academic communities were initially slow to grasp the technology's numerous potential implications, meanwhile a substantial amount of research is dedicated to investigating the development and impact of blockchain and related technologies. As undertaken, most research projects take a specific homogenous perspective, such as a technical or business viewpoint. To date, blockchain research studies are largely missing a bridge between and across academic disciplines. Given the manifold implications of blockchain technology, a fruitful crossdisciplinary exchange is therefore needed. In this paper, we bring together researchers with varying expertise to provide a vision into what may be next in terms of concepts, applications, and research agendas. We consider business, economic, societal, legal, technical, and philosophical viewpoints and propose multiple research questions as well as hypotheses arising from these diverse viewpoints. Simultaneously, we challenge various academic communities to tackle some of the most crucial issues of current blockchain research and to develop a solid foundation for future exploration.
Exploring Coevolution of Emotional Contagion and Behavior for Microblog Sentiment Analysis: A Deep Learning Architecture
Authors: Zhang Qi , Zhang Zufan , Yang Maobin , Zhu Lianxiang
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to explore coevolution of emotional contagion and behavior for microblog sentiment analysis. Accordingly, a deep learning architecture (denoted as MSA‐UITC) is proposed for the target microblog. Firstly, the coevolution of emotional contagion and behavior is described by the tie strength between microblogs, that is, with the spread of emotional contagion, user behavior such as emotional expression will be affected. Then, based on user interaction and the correlation with target microblog, the Hawkes process is adopted to quantify the tie strength between microblogs so as to build the corresponding weighted network. Secondly, in the weighted network, the Deepwalk algorithm is used to build the sequence representation of microblogs which are similar to the target microblog. Next, a CNN‐BiLSTM‐Attention network (the convolutional neural network and bidirectional long short‐term memory network with a multihead attention mechanism) is designed to analyze the sentiment analysis of target and similar microblogs. Finally, the experimental results on two real Twitter datasets demonstrate that the proposed MSA‐UITC has advanced performance compared with the existing state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Proximate Composition, Amino Acid Profile, and Mineral Content of Four Sheep Meats Reared Extensively in Morocco: A Comparative Study
Authors: Belhaj Kamal , Mansouri Farid , Ben moumen Abdessamad , Sindic Marianne , Fauconnier Marie-Laure , Boukharta Mohamed , Serghini Caid Hana , Elamrani Ahmed
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to compare the organoleptic and nutritional quality of four sheep meats produced in Morocco. This comparison was carried out by analyzing the proximate composition, amino acid profile, and mineral content of meat. The majority of the evaluated parameters were influenced by genetic and geographical factors (

p
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0.05

). The longissimus lumborum muscle had higher

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value in Timahdite and Ouled-Djellal breeds. The highest values of macroelement were recorded in samples of Beni-Guil meat sampled in the Tendrera region (BGT; 1067.3 mg/100 g), while the highest microelement content was registered in Timahdite meat (5.7 mg/100 g). Iron and zinc were the major identified trace elements, while phosphorus and potassium were the most abundant macroelements. The abundant amino acid was glutamic, while cysteine and methionine were least abundant. The higher essential amino acids index (IEAA) was recorded in the Timahdite sheep meat (162.20, 158.71, 161.02, and 159.65, respectively, for Timahdite, BGT, Ouled-Djellal breeds, and Beni-Guil meat sampled in Ain Beni Mathar region). From a nutritional point of view, the studied meats had a good protein and mineral quality, due to their richness in essential amino acids and microelements. The present study provided new insights on the organoleptic quality and the nutritional value of three Moroccan sheep meats reared in outdoor production system.
Hepatitis C Virus Infection among HIV-Infected Patients Attending Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia
Authors: Gedefie Alemu , Adamu Aderaw , Alemayehu Ermiyas , Kassa Yeshimebet , Belete Melaku Ashagrie
Published: January 2021

Objective. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) coinfection increases the incidence of end-stage liver disease which is more severe in immune-compromised HIV-infected patients than HCV infection alone. The aim of this study was to assess HCV infection and the associated risk factors among HIV/AIDS patients attending Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia. Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 249 HIV-infected adults selected by a systematic random sampling technique from January to March 2018. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and risk factor data. Moreover, the blood specimen was collected and tested for CD4 count and anti-HCV antibody detection according to standard operating procedures. The data obtained were entered into SPSS version 20, and descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. APvalue ≤0.05 with a corresponding 95% confidence interval was considered as statistically significant. Result. Of a total of 249 HIV-infected study subjects, 120 (48.2%) were male and 129 (51.8%) were females, while the mean (±SD) age and CD4+ cells/mm3 were 39.10 (±11.507) years and 316.08 + 290.607 cells/mm3, respectively. Anti-HCV antibody was detected in 13 (5.2%) patients with higher prevalence rate found in malesP=0.078and elders >50 years of ageP=0.013than their counterparts. Age group of >50 years of age (AOR = 9.070, 95% CI: 1.578, 52.117,P=0.013), longer duration of HIV treatment (AOR = 5.490, 95% CI: 1.341, 34.458,P=0.041), WHO clinical stage III/IV (AOR = 12.768, 95% CI: 2.293, 71.106,P=0.004), previous history of hospitalization (AOR = 10.234, 95% CI: 2.049, 51.118,P=0.005), tooth extraction (AOR = 6.016, 95% CI: 1.137, 36.837,P=0.048), and liver disease (AOR = 11.398, 95% CI: 1.275, 101.930,P=0.029) were statistically significant predictors of HCV infection. Conclusion. The prevalence of HCV infection is still higher and causes concern. Therefore, screening of these high-risk groups should be critical to reduce mortality and to improve clinical outcomes.
Th17 Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Cytokines, Plasticity, and Therapies
Authors: Zhao Junjun , Lu Qiliang , Liu Yang , Shi Zhan , Hu Linjun , Zeng Zhi , Tu Yifeng , Xiao Zunqiang , Xu Qiuran
Published: January 2021

Autoimmune diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, autoimmune bowel disease) are a complex disease. Improper activation of the immune system or imbalance of immune cells can cause the immune system to transform into a proinflammatory state, leading to autoimmune pathological damage. Recent studies have shown that autoimmune diseases are closely related to CD4+ T helper cells (Th). The original CD4 T cells will differentiate into different T helper (Th) subgroups after activation. According to their cytokines, the types of Th cells are different to produce lineage-specific cytokines, which play a role in autoimmune homeostasis. When Th differentiation and its cytokines are not regulated, it will induce autoimmune inflammation. Autoimmune bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease of unknown cause. Current research shows that its pathogenesis is closely related to Th17 cells. This article reviews the role and plasticity of the upstream and downstream cytokines and signaling pathways of Th17 cells in the occurrence and development of autoimmune bowel disease and summarizes the new progress of IBD immunotherapy.
A B-Spline Quasi Interpolation Crank–Nicolson Scheme for Solving the Coupled Burgers Equations with the Caputo–Fabrizio Derivative
Authors: Taghipour M. , Aminikhah H.
Published: January 2021

In this paper, a Crank–Nicolson finite difference scheme based on cubic B-spline quasi-interpolation has been derived for the solution of the coupled Burgers equations with the Caputo–Fabrizio derivative. The first- and second-order spatial derivatives have been approximated by first and second derivatives of the cubic B-spline quasi-interpolation. The discrete scheme obtained in this way constitutes a system of algebraic equations associated with a bi-pentadiagonal matrix. We show that the proposed scheme is unconditionally stable. Numerical examples are provided to verify the efficiency of the method.
Resetting PPP in Infrastructure Model in India Post-COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kudtarkar Sandeep G.
Published: January 2021

This article has set out to understand why a large number of public–private partnership (PPP) projects delayed stalled and terminated in the largest PPP program in India. Based on quantitative and case-study-based qualitative research, this study finds that the incomplete nature of PPP contracts, uncertainty and information asymmetry leads to adverse selection, moral hazard, opportunism and holdup of the PPP projects. The inefficacious and inequitable allocation of risks among stakeholders and lack of contract management skills in project authorities exaggerated the problems, and the final outcome is a large number of failed projects and no participation from private developers in future projects defeating the very purpose of adopting the PPP model to build public infrastructure. This study proposes a 20-point conceptual institutional framework suggesting policy and project-level measures for effective execution of the future PPP program in India and developing countries with similar socioeconomic environment post-COVID-19 pandemic amid recessionary conditions.

JEL Codes: E6, H5, N7, O2, R4
Real-time digital simulator for distributed systems
Authors: Chen Jinchao , Du Chenglie , Han Pengcheng , Du Xiaoyan
Published: January 2021

Simulation has been widely adopted as a support tool for the validation and experimentation of distributed systems. It allows different devices and applications to be evaluated and analyzed without requiring the actual presence of those machines. Although the simulation plays an important role in investigating and evaluating the behaviors of devices, it results in a serious simulator building problem as the distributed systems become more and more complicated and dynamically data driven. Most of the existing simulators are designed and developed to target a specific type of application, lacking the capabilities to be a configurable and standardized tool for researchers. To solve the adaptability and reusability problems of simulators, this paper proposes a new approach to design and implement a configurable real-time digital simulator for hardware devices that are connected via data buses in distributed systems. First, the proposed simulator uses a logic automaton to simulate the activities of a real device, and generates the incentive data for tested equipment according to the predefined XML-based files. Then with a virtual bus, the simulator can receive, handle, and send data in various network environments, improving the flexibility and adaptability of a simulator design. Experimental results show that the proposed simulator has a high real-time performance, and can meet the increasing requirements of modern simulations of distributed systems.
Cyber democracy for better board representation? The effect of e-voting on excess control in an emerging economy
Authors: Yang Kuo-Pin , Chou Christine , Schwarz Gavin M
Published: January 2021

With a growth in shareholder activism, the influence of shareholders on the make-up and selection of board members is increasingly acknowledged but under-explored. Focusing on one element of activism, this article considers the adoption and use of electronic voting (e-voting) for board elections in emerging economies, testing its effect on the excess control of controlling shareholders. Using a sample of board elections at 809 publicly listed Taiwanese companies, results challenge convention on governance and shareholder democracy. We show that adopting e-voting counterintuitively leads to greater levels of excess control which subsequently harms firm performance—an effect more pronounced in firms characterized by a pyramidal control structure and family-controlled firms. Findings offer an alternative view on shareholder democracy, revisiting expectations of benefits accrued from e-voting.

JEL Classification: M10, L21, L25
Detection of a novel herpesvirus associated with squamous cell carcinoma in a free-ranging Blanding’s turtle
Authors: Andersson Kirsten E. , Adamovicz Laura , Mumm Lauren E. , Winter John M. , Glowacki Gary , Teixeira-Neto Rachel , Adkesson Michael J. , Hostnik Eric T. , Haynes Ellen , Allender Matthew C.
Published: January 2021

The spread of both infectious and noninfectious diseases through wildlife populations is of increasing concern. Neoplastic diseases are rarely associated with population-level impacts in wildlife; however, impacts on individual health can be severe and might reflect deteriorating environmental conditions. An adult male free-ranging Blanding’s turtle ( Emydoidea blandingii) originally captured in 2005 and deemed healthy, was recaptured in 2018 with a 1 × 1.5 cm intra-oral broad-based right mandibular mass. An excisional biopsy was performed, and histopathology revealed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Consensus herpesvirus PCR identified a novel herpesvirus (proposed name Emydoidea herpesvirus 2 [EBHV-2]) within the tumor. EBHV-2 shares 85% sequence homology with Terrapene herpesvirus 2 (TerHV-2), a herpesvirus linked to fibropapillomas in eastern box turtles ( Terrapene carolina carolina). Virus-associated fibropapillomas have been identified in multiple marine turtle species and have had debilitating effects on their populations, but to date, virus-associated SCCs are rarely reported.
The Cultural and Methodological Factors Challenging the Success of the Community-Based Participatory Research Approach When Designing a Study on Adolescents Sexuality in Traditional Society
Authors: Jabareen Raifa , Zlotnick Cheryl
Published: January 2021

Youth growing up in traditional cultures are split between the messages that they receive on sexuality from their families and those they receive via the internet depicting values of Western culture. The Palestinian-Israeli community, a national, ethnic, and linguistic minority, is an example of this situation. The purpose of this community-based participatory research study is to describe the challenges and lessons learned about launching a community advisory board (CAB) in studies on the taboo topic of adolescent sexuality. Using content analysis, we identified two necessary conditions to convene a CAB on adolescent sexuality in a traditional community: (a) an insider academic researcher, fluent in the native language, able to discuss the linguistic difficulties of sexual terminology and (c) the recruitment of motivated, community activists who were knowledgeable on the topic. The mostly traditional society of Palestinian-Israelis shuns discussions on sexuality; but with these two conditions, the study was a success.
Speaking Shame and Laughing It Off: Using Humorous Narrative to Conquer the Shame of Anorectal Illness
Authors: Yue Jinwen
Published: January 2021

Patients with anorectal illness (AI) must deal with shame from social stigma and difficulties in the medical context. Recovering from shame is a challenge. Applying shame resilience theory (SRT) to the Chinese health care setting, this study explores how patients with AI develop resilience to shame using humor to facilitate the narrative’s five functions. The method is a thematic narrative analysis of 60 stories from a Chinese online community. Four main themes were identified: understanding shame events, normalizing them, shifting priorities, and transforming shame into pride. Storytellers can use humor to externalize shame, reflect on their concealment and avoidance, eliminate the shame associated with making health decisions, re-establish shameless identities, achieve positive agency, and build illness communities through “aligning moments” with their audiences and subverting hierarchies of normality and abnormality.
Our Collective Tensions: Paradox Research Community’s Response to COVID-19
Authors: Keller Joshua , Carmine Simone , Jarzabkowski Paula , Lewis Marianne W. , Pradies Camille , Sharma Garima , Smith Wendy K. , Vince Russ
Published: January 2021

In this commentary on three articles from dozens of paradox theory scholars on paradox approaches to examining the COVID-19 pandemic and how the COVID-19 pandemic informs paradox theory, the authors involved in coordinating the collection of three papers discuss the process of bringing together scholars from around the world to discuss the pandemic. Four other preeminent paradox theorists offer additional commentaries on the papers in this Collection.
The paradox of unconventional affordances
Authors: Slors Marc
Published: January 2021

Responsiveness to affordances that are salient in our conventional practices is usually automatic and unreflective—for good reasons. Responsiveness to unconventional affordances, by contrast, must be enforced. This is what artistic interventions of studio RAAAF do. I argue that it is precisely the fact that affordances are more or less forced on us that makes it possible for us to relate to them freely.
Jurisdictional Size and Residential Development: Are Large-Scale Local Governments More Receptive to Multifamily Housing?
Authors: Marantz Nicholas J. , Lewis Paul G.
Published: January 2021

In the United States, particularly in high-cost urban areas, local resistance to multifamily housing development has been widely noted. In many metropolitan areas, legal authority over land-use regulation is assigned to jurisdictions that often are very small, and some scholars argue that this small-scale local control institutionalizes neighborhood-level opposition to new construction. Using census tracts as units of analysis, we assess the relationship between the population size of the city, county, or township that regulates a tract’s land use and the change in multifamily units between two recent waves of the American Community Survey (2008–2012 and 2014–2018). Results of regression analysis indicate that larger jurisdictional population size is indeed associated with increased multifamily construction. However, the relationship applies only for jurisdictions with populations exceeding 100,000 and decays at jurisdictional populations of more than 1 million. This nonlinearity may reflect quasi-monopolistic land-use control in the largest jurisdictions.
Resource Similarity, Market Commonality, and Spatial Distribution of Hotel Competitive Sets
Authors: Schwartz Zvi , Webb Timothy
Published: January 2021

Index scores and competitive sets (compsets) play a critical role in the performance and evaluation of hotels. The reliance on these metrics has drawn skepticism in recent years as competitive sets may be opportunistically chosen, creating bias in performance evaluation. Drawing from the principal–agent theory and the theory of incentives, we explore whether the distance of the competitors chosen for a hotel’s compset influences revenue per available room (RevPAR) index scores. Based on the concepts of resource similarity and market commonality, we develop a novel mathematical model through which we empirically analyze a large dataset of 10,000 compsets. We find evidence that competitor distance influences index performance and that this relationship is bidirectional. Results show that hotels that outperform the competition may use distance to inflate RevPAR indices, while those that underperform may use distance to further reduce scores. These conflicting results may be reflected from the reverse motivations of the stakeholders.
Individual differences in affective agenda setting: A cross-sectional analysis of three U.S. presidential elections
Authors: Coleman Renita , Wu Haoming Denis
Published: January 2021

Much is known about how individual differences such as age and education affect the news media’s ability to transfer its agenda of issues to the public, but little is known about them at the affective level of agenda setting. Evidence shows individual differences may work differently with affect, thus this study examined demographics that predict adopting the news media’s affective agenda. Using data from the U.S. Presidential campaigns in 2008, 2012 and 2016, it found that, indeed, demographics do not all work the same for affect as issues. Unlike with issue agenda setting, education showed no effect at all, while the young were more likely to adopt the news media’s affective agenda than older age groups. As expected, Democrats and Republicans were more likely to adopt the news media’s affective agenda of their own candidates, but Independents were not. As with first-level agenda setting, there was no effect of gender.
Interprofessional Collaboration in School-Based Settings Part 1: Definition and the Role of the School Nurse
Authors: McIntosh Constance E. , Dale Brittany , Kruzliakova Natalie , Kandiah Jayanthi
Published: January 2021

Interprofessional collaboration is an important approach in providing quality care to patients by healthcare professionals. Interprofessional collaboration is common in healthcare organizations such as hospitals and long-term healthcare facilities where each professional of the healthcare team contributes to the overall healthcare plan for the patient. But, little research or discussion how interprofessional collaboration is implemented within the school systems exist. This article looks at interprofessional collaboration within the schools and how the school nurse can facilitate collaboration among healthcare and education professionals to ultimately benefit students. This first article, in a series of three, will define and discuss frameworks and models of interprofessional collaboration.
The five-repetition sit-to-stand test is a predictive factor of severe exacerbations in COPD
Authors: Medina-Mirapeix Francesc , Bernabeu-Mora Roberto , Valera-Novella Elisa , Gacto-Sánchez Mariano , Bernabeu-Mora Myriam , Sánchez-Martínez María Piedad
Published: January 2021

Background:

Although the six-minute-walk test (6MWT) has been used to predict chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations, additional research is necessary to identify more rapid, simpler tests that are directly associated with exacerbations, such as the five-repetition sit-to-stand (5STS) test and 4-m gait speed (4MGS) test.

Aims:

To determine the ability of the 5STS and 4MGS tests in predicting severe exacerbations in stable COPD over the following year, and to assess the ability of the best prognostic test to identify patients at high risk of hospital admission correctly.

Methods:

This prospective study included 137 patients with stable COPD. Multiple logistic regression models were constructed to assess whether the 6MWT, 5STS, and 4MGS tests were associated with severe exacerbations in the year following the test. Receiver-operating characteristic curves and the area under the curve (AUC) were evaluated to determine the accuracy of each test for identifying patients with severe exacerbations.

Results:

Scores of <350 m for the 6WMT and ⩽2 for the 5STS test were associated with severe exacerbations in the model adjusted for age and the number of exacerbations in the previous year. The 5STS test and the 6MWT had very similar predictive and discriminative abilities. Odds ratios were 3.20 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14–8.96) and 3.84 (95% CI 1.14–12.94) and AUCs were 0.793 (95% CI 0.704–0.882) and 0.783 (95% CI 0.686–0.879), respectively.

Conclusions:

The 5STS test predicted the risk of severe exacerbation within the following year among patients with COPD. The 5STS test could replace the 6MWT for identifying patients at high risk of hospital admission.
The prevalence and predictors of Stroke among atrial fibrillation patients attending at Gondar University Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Gedamu Yonas , Taddese Asefa Adimasu , Abdulkadir Mohamed , Hailu Workagegnehu , Abdu Oumer
Published: January 2021

Introduction:

Recently, stroke is becoming the major public health problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. Atrial fibrillation patients are the most vulnerable group for the occurrence of stroke. Knowing the predictors and being aware for it is important for preventing severe complications and death. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of stroke and identifying significant predictors.

Methods:

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was performed from 1 December 2018 to 30 September 2019 at University of Gondar Referral Hospital. A total of 242 patients with atrial fibrillation were included in the study. Atrial fibrillation patients were diagnosed by using 12 lead electrocardiographic tracing, in addition to thorough medical history and physical examination and analyzed by the Modular ECG Analysis System (MEANS). We used Epi info 7 and SPSS version 22 software for data entry and analysis purpose, respectively. Both bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression model were computed to show the relationship of dependent and independent variables.

Result:

The prevalence of stroke among atrial fibrillation patients was 19.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 14.9–25.2). Patients with heart failure (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 5.70, 95% CI: 2.50–13.24) and thyroid disorder (AOR: 4.98, 95% CI: 1.47–16.85) are at risk of developing stroke.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of stroke was higher compared with others studies. Patients with heart failure and thyroid disorders were the risk factor for the development of stroke; therefore, physicians and cardiologists may better to consider all these two disorders when they diagnose stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Transition Strengths and Needs of High School Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Yeager Kristopher Hawk , Morgan Joseph John , Brown Monica R. , Higgins Kyle , Jackson Iesha
Published: January 2021

A strengths-based approach to transition assessment and planning can ensure that special education services are person-centered. To better understand the strengths and needs of students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD), we compared the perceptions of students and their teachers from three public high schools. A convergent mixed-methods analysis of transition assessments, interviews, and educational documents revealed significant differences between perspectives. On the Transition Planning Inventory–2, student ratings ( n = 8) were higher than teacher ratings ( n = 8) on 8 out of 11 domains. Interview transcripts and transition plan documents revealed differences in strengths and needs related to career-related skills, academic subjects and skills, and personal characteristics. Based on these findings, we provide suggestions for further research and implications for practice.
eLearning Tools at the University of Botswana: Relevance and Use Under COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Ntshwarang Poloko N. , Malinga Tumani , Losike-Sedimo Nonofo
Published: January 2021

Information communications technology (ICT) is currently a highly sought component of every higher learning institutions, especially universities and colleges gravitate towards eLearning mode of instruction and knowledge acquisition. eLearning encompass multiple technology and Internet-based learning platforms that requires computer literacy from both learners and instructors. eLearning has been upgraded such that it offers more flexibility and comfort as instruction and learning occurs any time and at the users’ preferred environment. However, for most African Universities, the challenge in the use of eLearning is expedited by excess number of students, poor infrastructural development and poor access to the Internet off campus. At the University of Botswana, the need and urgency to address aforementioned difficulties was exposed in the era of COVID-19 pandemic where the use of eLearning was a dare situation for both instructors and learners. In this article, the authors discuss the background of eLearning tools at the University of Botswana, types of eLearning tools, their relevance, use, advantages and the challenges encountered. Prospects are also discussed. The article is based on the experiences of the authors, their observations, as well as the literature review and the use of the social constructionism or social constructivism theory.
Comparison of CALGB 10403 (Alliance) and COG AALL0232 toxicity results in young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Advani Anjali S. , Larsen Eric , Laumann Kristina , Luger Selina M. , Liedtke Michaela , Devidas Meenakshi , Chen Zhiguo , Yin Jun , Foster Matthew C. , Claxton David , Coffan Kristin , Tallman Martin S. , Appelbaum Frederick R. , Erba Harry , Stone Richard M. , Hunger Stephen P. , McNeer Jennifer L. , Loh Mignon L. , Raetz Elizabeth , Winick Naomi , Carroll William , Larson Richard A. , Stock Wendy
Published: January 2021

Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia have improved outcomes when treated with pediatric-inspired regimens. CALGB 10403 was the largest prospective study to evaluate the feasibility of using a pediatric regimen in AYAs with acute lymphoblastic leukemia up to 40 years of age. This article presents the toxicity events observed in the CALGB 10403 study and compares these toxicities vs those observed among AYAs treated on the same arm of the companion Children’s Oncology Group (COG) AALL0232 study. Toxicities in CALGB 10403 were similar to those observed in COG AALL0232. Some grade 3 to 4 adverse events were more often reported in CALGB 10403 compared with COG AALL0232 (hyperglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, transaminase elevation, and febrile neutropenia). Adverse events correlated with body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 and some with increasing age. The mortality rate in CALGB 10403 was low (4%) and similar to that in the COG AALL0232 trial. A caveat to this analysis is that only 39% of CALGB 10403 patients completed all planned protocol treatment. In COG AALL0232, although 74% of patients aged <18 years completed treatment, only 57% of patients aged ≥18 years completed treatment. This scenario suggests that issues associated with age and treating physician may be a factor. Due to its improved survival rates compared with historical controls, the CALGB 10403 regimen is now a standard of care. The hope is that the rate of protocol completion will increase as more familiarity is gained with this regimen. These trials were registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00558519 (CALGB 10403) and #NCT00075725 (COG AALL0232).
Antigen density dictates RBC clearance, but not antigen modulation, following incompatible RBC transfusion in mice
Authors: Arthur Connie M. , Allen Jerry William L. , Verkerke Hans , Yoo Justin , Jajosky Ryan P. , Girard-Pierce Kathryn , Chonat Satheesh , Zerra Patricia , Maier Cheryl , Rha Jen , Fasano Ross , Josephson Cassandra D. , Roback John D. , Stowell Sean R.
Published: January 2021

Incompatible red blood cell (RBC) transfusion can result in life-threatening transfusion complications that can be challenging to manage in patients with transfusion-dependent anemia. However, not all incompatible RBC transfusions result in significant RBC removal. One factor that may regulate the outcome of incompatible RBC transfusion is the density of the incompatible antigen. Despite the potential influence of target antigen levels during incompatible RBC transfusion, a model system capable of defining the role of antigen density in this process has not been developed. In this study, we describe a novel model system of incompatible transfusion using donor mice that express different levels of the KEL antigen and recipients with varying anti-KEL antibody concentrations. Transfusion of KEL+ RBCs that express high or moderate KEL antigen levels results in rapid antibody-mediated RBC clearance. In contrast, relatively little RBC clearance was observed following the transfusion of KEL RBCs that express low KEL antigen levels. Intriguingly, unlike RBC clearance, loss of the KEL antigen from the transfused RBCs occurred at a similar rate regardless of the KEL antigen density following an incompatible transfusion. In addition to antigen density, anti-KEL antibody levels also regulated RBC removal and KEL antigen loss, suggesting that antigen density and antibody levels dictate incompatible RBC transfusion outcomes. These results demonstrate that antibody-induced antigen loss and RBC clearance can occur at distinct antigen density thresholds, providing important insight into factors that may dictate the outcome of an incompatible RBC transfusion.
Adoptive therapy with CMV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes depends on baseline CD4+ immunity to mediate durable responses
Authors: Fabrizio Vanessa A. , Rodriguez-Sanchez M. Irene , Mauguen Audrey , Dahi Parastoo B. , Doubrovina Ekaterina , O’Reilly Richard J. , Prockop Susan E.
Published: January 2021

Adoptive cell therapy using cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CMV-CTLs) has demonstrated efficacy posttransplant. Despite the predicted limited engraftment of CMV-CTLs derived from third-party donors, partially matched third-party donor–derived CMV-CTLs have demonstrated similar response rates to those derived from primary hematopoietic cell transplantation donors. Little is known about the mechanisms through which adoptive cellular therapies mediate durable responses. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients receiving CMV-CTLs for treatment of CMV viremia and/or disease after allogeneic transplant between September of 2009 and January of 2018. We evaluated whether response to adoptively transferred CMV-CTLs correlated with immune reconstitution (IR), using validated CD4+ IR milestones of 50 × 106/L and 200 × 106/L. In this analysis, a cohort of 104 patients received CMV-CTLs derived from a primary transplant donor (n = 25), a third-party donor (n = 76), or both (n = 3). Response to therapy did not increase the likelihood of achieving CD4+ IR milestones at 1 (P = .53 and P > .99) or 2 months (P = .12 and P = .33). The origin of CMV-CTLs did not impact subsequent CD4+ IR. CMV-CTLs appeared to interact with host immunity in mediating responses. Recipients with a baseline CD4 >50 × 106/L had higher response to therapy (P = .02), improved overall survival (P < .001), and protection from CMV-related death (P = .002). Baseline endogenous immunity appears to improve CMV-related and overall survival in this cohort and can be an important marker at the initiation of therapy.