bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORRUPTION, TERRORISM AND INSTITUTIONS AMONG SELECTED COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD
Authors:   Grand Asian University (GAUS), Sialkot, Hussain Tariq , Rana Khizra ,   NCBA&E, Lahore, Ahmed Syed Muhammad Bin ,   COMSATS University Islamabad Pakistan
Published: February 2023

Corruption and Terrorism are burning issues for mankind especially in developing economies. Both these issues are big threat for national security. These core issues are accelerated in the presence of poor institutional performance. Corruption and Terrorism is not only major obstacle in the way of growth, development and economic activities in developing countries it also harness the trust of the people in the institutions and government of the state. Institutions are the main apparatus to minimize the Corruption and Terrorism by efficient performance. In order to test the relationship between corruption, terrorism and institutions panel data technique is used. The time span of study is 2005-2020. It is found that in the presence of well-functioning economic and political institutions corruption and terrorism is minimized Keywords: Terrorism, Institutional Performance, Panel data, FDI, Corruption
GENDER AND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
Authors:   Accounting and Law Department, Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Pakistan,, Anees Zaira , Iftikhar Khurrum ,   Applied Economic Research Centre, University of Karachi,, Zia Abbas Rizvi Syed ,   Applied Economic Research Centre, University of Karachi,
Published: February 2023

Language acquisition is a complex and lengthy process that has many levels and is affected by different variables. A Sociolinguistic approach to Language Acquisition (LA) is one that studies the relationship between social contextual variables. This review paper intends to focus on one of the variables of language acquisition i.e. gender, which is an important factor in First and Second Language Acquisition. A brief overview of research studies and general trends in sociolinguistic gender over time is presented in order to explore relationship of gender and its role in first and second language acquisition. Keywords: Genderlect; Language Acquisition; Language Change/Maintenance; Bilingualism; Multilingualism; Language Variation.
IMPACT OF BEHAVIORAL BIASES ON WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS INVESTMENT DECISION
Authors:   Jinnah University for Women, Qamar Anam , Lodhi Samreen Lodhi ,   Jinnah University for Women
Published: February 2023

The goal of this study is to examine the influence of certain behavioral biases namely overconfidence, loss aversion, mental accounting on women entrepreneurs’ investment decision accompanied with mediating role of risk tolerance. The research has employed PLS-SEM to empirically examine the formulated hypotheses. Additionally, IPMA analysis has also been implemented to know the comparative importance and performance of selected facets. The sample size includes 100 women entrepreneurs residing in Karachi, Pakistan. Convenience sampling technique is executed to gather data whereas a questionnaire is adopted as research instrument. The empirical findings suggested that overconfidence bias, mental accounting bias have a substantial positive influence on women entrepreneur investment decision whereas loss aversion is found to be statistically insignificant. However, the indirect impact of risk tolerance has been found to be statistically insignificant for the given biases and women entrepreneur investment decision whereas loss aversion, mental accounting found to have substantial direct influence on risk tolerance of women entrepreneurs. Through its conceptual framework, the research adds to the body of literature by providing valuable insights regarding women entrepreneurs’ behavioral perspective in relation with investment decision. The empirical evidence has determined the presence of irrationality involves in entrepreneurs’ investment decision; the findings will be helpful to understand the mechanism and causes that may lead to unidentified anomalies in start-up markets.
Survey regarding prevention of surgical site infection after orthopaedic surgery in Belgium: are we on the right track?
Authors: Raad Mathieu , Van Cauter Maïte , Detrembleur Christine , Cornu Olivier , Vandemeulebroecke Guillaume
Published: February 2023

Prevention strategies are essential to reduce the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) in orthopaedic surgery. Members of the Royal Belgian Society for Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology (SORBCOT) and the Belgische Vereniging voor Orthopedie en Traumatologie (BVOT) were asked to answer a 28-question questionnaire on the internet about the application of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis measures and to compare them with current inter- national recommendations. 228 practicing orthopedic surgeons responded to the survey from different regions (Flanders, Wallonia and Brussels), different hospitals (university, public and private), different levels of experience (< 5 years, 5 to 10 years and > 10 years) and different subspecialties (lower limb, upper limb and spine). Regarding the questionnaire: 7% systematically perform a dental check-up. 47.8% of the participants never carry out a urinalysis, 41.7% when the patient presents symptoms and 10.5% carry it out systematically. 2.6% systematically propose a pre-operative nutritional assessment. 5.3% of respondents suggest stopping biotherapies (Remicade®, Humira®, rituximab®, etc.) before an operation and 43.9% do not feel comfortable with this type of treatment. 47.1% suggest smoking cessation before the operation and 22% of them advise smoking cessation for a period of 4 weeks. 54.8% never carry out MRSA screening. 68.3% systematically per- formed hair removal, 18.5% when the patient had hirsutism. Among them, 17.7% use shaving with razors. Alcoholic Isobetadine is the most used product with 69.3% when disinfecting the surgical site. 42.1% of the surgeons chose a delay between the injection of antibiotic prophylaxis and the incision of less than 30 minutes, 55.7% between 30 and 60 minutes and 2.2% between 60 and 120 minutes. However, 44.7% did not wait for the injection time to be respected before incising. An incise drape is used in 79.8% of cases. The response rate was not influenced by the surgeon’s experience. Most international recommendations in terms of prevention of surgical site infection are correctly applied. However, some bad habits are maintained. These include the use of shaving for depilation and the use of non-impregnated adhesive drapes. Practices that could be improved include management of treatment in patients with rheumatic diseases, a 4-week smoking cessation period, and treating positive urine tests only when symptomatic.
Method of the assessment of the degree of immune disturbances in patients with pulmonary tuber- culosis depending on the spectrum of drug resistance of the etiological agent
Authors: Lesnic Evelina , Ghinda Serghei , Privalova Elena
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study was to evaluate the disturbances of cell-mediated immunity, natural resistance and humoral immunity in patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis depending on the drug susceptibility spectrum of the etiological agent in order to develop a procedure to identify the degree of severity and pathogenetic types. Material and methodology: a prospective, selective, case-control study was performed, which included 129 new cases of tuberculosis diagnosed during 2017-2018, distributed in groups depending on the spectrum of the drug resistance. Results: immune defficiencies were more evident in patients with MDR-TB, especially in those who acquired the resistance, and cell-mediated immunity was more suppressed, followed by natural resistance. Hyperfunction of the humoral immunity was confirmed in two thirds of all groups. The proposed method can be applied in the evaluation of the immune state in TB patients.
Distributed synthesis for local controllers in networked systems
Authors: Gupta Vijay
Published: February 2023

In traditional decentralized and distributed control, the subsystem level controllers are constrained to use states from a subset of neighboring subsystems to determine their control actions; however, the process of designing the controllers is centralized and utilizes the knowledge of the dynamics of all subsystems. For large scale systems involving plug and play operations, a distributed synthesis process in which the control synthesis is carried out locally at the subsystem level, without explicit knowledge of the dynamics of other subsystems in the network, may be required. We provide such a control design. We begin with a model based design and then consider the case when accurate models may not be available and a data-driven design is preferable.
Fleksibilitas dan Inovasi di Sektor Publik
Authors: Zulkenedi Zulkenedi , Frinaldi Aldri
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to review various literatures and observe and analyze innovations in the public sector that occur in countries and regions. From the results of a review of several literatures, it turns out that there are still obstacles in developing and even implementing innovations in the public sector. This obstacle does not only occur in large conditions, for example in a country, but also in small areas, namely in an area. This reduction is basically the same. These include lack of support from immediate superiors, unsupportive systems for ideas management, poor facilities, little emphasis on dissemination and commercialization, inadequate reward and incentive systems, rigid and inefficient procedures due to working by existing rules. In fact, public service innovation activities that are effective, efficient and productive can still cause irregularities in their implementation. Starting from services that are not in accordance with community expectations. There are also deviations in service time uncertainty, cost uncertainty. In addition, the community has not been able to provide suggestions and criticisms for the services they receive. Illegal levies, disregard for the rights and dignity of service users also show irregularities in public services.
Pengaruh Penghindaran Pajak Terhadap Penerimaan Negara: Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Indonesia
Authors: Fananta Felgi Kiko , Mulya Hadri
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of tax avoidance on state revenue with affiliated transactions as a moderating variable. Affiliate transactions are proxied by affiliate sales transactions, affiliate purchases and affiliate loans. This research method is a quantitative approach that is causal associative. The sample of this study is the financial statements of all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017-2021. The data analysis technique is panel data linear regression with the help of Eviews 12 software. The results showed that tax avoidance has a positive and significant effect on state revenue; affiliate sales transactions do not moderate the relationship between tax avoidance and state revenue; affiliate purchase transactions do not moderate the relationship between tax avoidance and state revenue and affiliate loan transactions do not moderate the relationship between tax avoidance and state revenue. The results of this study as an illustration for the state how tax avoidance can affect state revenue so that it can be a reference material in making new rules in the future.
Modelling drivers of grievance-fuelled violence
Authors: Corner Emily , Taylor Helen , Bragias Adelaide
Published: February 2023

Acts of extreme or mass violence perpetrated by lone offenders have become increasingly common in liberal democracies over the past 20 years. Some describe these acts as politically motivated, while others attribute them to mental disorder or criminal intent. However, there is an increasingly common view that the distinction between political ideology, criminal intent and personal motivation is blurred, and that the violence carried out by these individuals is better understood using the broader concept of grievance-fuelled violence. This work employs a multifaceted analytical approach to develop a holistic model of the processes of grievance development.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC CHARCOAL-CONTAINING
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ABSORBERS
FOR PROVIDING ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY OF RADIOELECTRONIC DEVICES
Authors: BELOUSOVA E. , BOIPRAV O. , SAVANOVICH S. , BARDZILOUSKAYA D.
Published: February 2023

Process research results of creating polymer charcoal-containing electromagnetic radiation absorbers by adding powdered coal (coconut activated, wood activated and non-activated) to the composition of polyurethane mastic for reducing the reflection coefficient of electromagnetic radiation in order to ensure the electromagnetic compatibility of radioelectronic devices are presented in the article. A technique for creating charcoal-containing electromagnetic radiation absorbers has been developed, according to which single-layer, two-layer and three-layer carbon-containing electromagnetic radiation absorbers samples have been obtained. The structure of coal particles and the mechanism of their distribution in polyurethane mastic have been studied. Based on the analysis of reflection and transmission coefficients frequency characteristics in the frequency range 3–17 GHz, the optimal layers position and their composition was determined to obtain the optimal shielding level for radioelectronic devices from electromagnetic interference and ensuring electromagnetic compatibility.
TECHNOLOGY FOR DESIGNING BLOCK-MODULAR CUTTING TOOLS USING 3D-PRINTING OF MODELS PLASTIC MATERIALS
Authors: POPOK N. , PORTYANKO S. , TIKHON E.
Published: February 2023

Тhe designs formation of modular cutting tools using a unified cutting block is considered, mathematical dependences are given for determining the geometric parameters of tools chip and flow-removing grooves, the results of computer and physical operation modeling of face mills and boring heads in liquid-free-flowing media, the advantages of technologies for designing and manufacturing cutting tools using 3D printing models compared to traditional technologies.
CALCULATION OF TRANSPORT MOBILITY PARAMETERS
POPULATION OF G. GOMEL
Authors: AZEMSHA S. , MOROZOV V.
Published: February 2023

Тransport mobility determines the number of movements and the way they are carried out by the population of the city. Such data are the basis for transport planning, assessing the dynamics of changes in the parameters of transport mobility, determining the effectiveness of decisions made in the field of transport, etc. The classic parameter that determines transport mobility is the average number of movements a resident makes per day. In this article, in addition to this parameter, a number of characteristics have been studied that make it possible to detail the essence of the current transport situation in the city of Gomel: the average number of movements by day of the week, gender, type of activity, car availability, frequency of use of regular transport, method of payment for travel, types regular transport. The article also provides information on the method of payment for travel (including types of regular passenger transport), travel time (including methods of travel), distance of travel by individual car (including depending on the purpose of travel), fuel consumption of such a vehicle. With the help of statistical methods, the significance of differences in groups of variables for different parameters was compared.
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF PASSENGER TRAFFIC
BY REGULAR PUBLIC TRANSPORT
ACCORDING TO PASSENGER FLOW VARIATIONS
Authors: AZEMSHA S. , YANKOVICH S.
Published: February 2023

The amount of transport demand, estimated by the amount of passenger traffic, is a fundamental factor for the organization of the transportation process. In urban transportation of passengers in regular traffic, the size of the passenger flow on the route determines the number of passenger vehicles, their capacity, and the timetable. Creation of conditions under which the capacity of passenger vehicles will be as close as possible to the amount of passenger traffic on each flight of each route will reduce the cost of providing public transport services without compromising the quality of such services. This article proposes the concept of a new technology for organizing passenger transportation in urban regular traffic, based on daily forecasting on each flight of each route of the passenger flow parameter that determines the required capacity of passenger vehicles, and on that basis, assigning the appropriate composition of vehicle modules for passenger transportation.
INFLUENCE OF THE STRUCTURE OF HIGHER AMINES
ON THE PROPERTIES OF SUCCINIMIDE TYPE ADDITIVES
Authors: DOSHCHONOK A. , MAYOROVA K. , BURAYA I.
Published: February 2023

The article presents the results of a complex of studies on the effect of the structure of higher amines and their compositions used in industrial synthesis on the properties of succinimide additives. The properties and yield of synthesis reaction products at each stage of the process are analyzed depending on the molar mass and the position of amino groups in the structure of the starting amines. A comparative analysis of the dispersing properties of the resulting succinimide additives is carried out.
IR SPECTROSCOPY AS A METHOD
FOR INVESTIGATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF SUCCINIMIDE TYPE ADDITIVES ACTIVITY
Authors: MAYOROVA K. , BAKUNIN V.
Published: February 2023

In a study by infrared spectroscopy, the synthesized succinimide additives, as well as raw and intermediate components: polyisobutylene, maleic anhydride, polyethylene polyamnes and alkenyl succinic anhydride, were studied. Based on the results obtained, the dependences of the dispersing ability and IR spectra of additives were revealed. Ways of further research on the topic are outlined.
Các yếu tố tác động đến công bố thông tin trách nhiệm xã hội của doanh nghiệp trên thị trường chứng khoán Việt Nam
Authors: Anh Nguyễn Thúy
Published: February 2023

Bài viết khảo sát thực trạng công bố thông tin trách nhiệm xã hội của các doanh nghiệp niêm yết trên thị trường chứng khoán Việt Nam dựa theo chỉ số minh bạch thông tin trách nhiệm xã hội được xây dựng theo chuẩn GRI về công bố thông tin trách nhiệm xã hội. Dựa trên mẫu nghiên cứu gồm 900 quan sát, bài viết đã đánh giá các nhân tố tác động đến thực trạng thông tin trách nhiệm xã hội trên thị trường chứng khoán Việt Nam, trong đó các nhân tố được khẳng định bao gồm đòn bẩy tài chính, quy mô doanh nghiệp, mức độ độc lập của Hội đồng quản trị, tỷ trọng sở hữu nhà nước , tính kiêm nhiệm của CEO và việc sử dụng kiểm toán độc lập Big 4. Đây là nghiên cứu đầu tiên đánh giá thực trạng công bố thông tin trách nhiệm xã hội của các doanh nghiệp niêm yết trên thị trường chứng khoán Việt Nam dựa trên chuẩn GRI thực hiện trên quy mô lớn; đồng thời, góp phần củng cố kết quả nghiên cứu trước đây liên quan đến các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến việc công bố thông tin trách nhiệm xã hội trên thị trường trong bối cảnh các nền kinh tế đang phát triển, từ đó đề xuất các giải pháp thực tiễn cho các doanh nghiệp niêm yết và nhà đầu tư nhằm cải thiện tình trạng minh bạch thông tin trên thị trường.
Phân tích biến động giá và rủi ro của thị trường chứng khoán ASEAN-6: Bằng chứng thực nghiệm trước và trong thời kỳ covid-19
Authors: Hưng Ngô Thái , Ngân Huỳnh Thị Kim , Hân Bùi Nguyễn Ngọc , Nhung Đặng Phương , Nhi Ngô Thảo , Nhung Trần Thị Cẩm
Published: February 2023

Mục đích nghiên cứu sự biến động giá và rủi ro của thị trường chứng khoán ASEAN-6 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thái Lan và Việt Nam) trước và trong giai đoạn Covid-19. Dữ liệu nghiên cứu từ 2010 đến 2021. Để thực hiện mục tiêu nghiên cứu, mô hình đa biến EGARCH được phát triển bởi Koutmos và Booth (1995) được áp dụng.  Kết quả cho thấy, tác động lan tỏa về giá và rủi ro của sáu thị trường tài chính có khác biệt trước và trong giai đoạn Covid-19. Trước Covid-19, tồn tại mối quan hệ hai chiều về giá trên các thị trường chứng khoán Indonesia, Philippines và Singapore. Hơn nữa, Thái Lan lan tỏa rủi ro đến Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore và Việt Nam trong giai đoạn Covid-19. Kết quả đạt được đáng tin cậy và là kênh thông tin có giá trị cho các nhà đầu tư về đa dạng hóa danh mục đầu tư, cũng như cho các nhà làm chính sách nhằm phát triển ổn định thị trường.
Truyền thông tiếp thị tích hợp và quyết định mua hàng: Bằng chứng từ ngành công nghiệp xe ô tô Việt Nam
Authors: Quân Đặng Hoàng Minh , Chi Trần Bảo
Published: February 2023

Nghiên cứu nhằm phân tích tác động truyền thông tiếp thị tích hợp (IMC) đến quyết định mua xe ô tô trong kỷ nguyên số. Mô hình nghiên cứu được hình thành dựa trên lý thuyết học tập xã hội (social learning theory), truyền thông tiếp thị tích hợp (IMC) và quyết định mua hàng. Tác giả tiến hành phỏng vấn 384 khách hàng đã mua xe tại showroom ô tô tại Việt Nam. Bằng các công cụ thống kê mô tả, phân tích nhân tố khám phá (EFA), kiểm định độ tin cậy thang đo (CRA), phân tích nhân tố khẳng định (CFA) và mô hình cấu trúc tuyến tính (SEM), kết quả cho thấy có sự ảnh hưởng tích cực của tiếp thị trực tiếp, truyền miệng, quảng cáo, xúc tiến bán hàng - khuyến mãi, bán hàng cá nhân, quan hệ công chúng đến quyết định mua xe ô tô. Từ đó, nghiên cứu đưa ra các hàm ý quản trị nhằm giúp các doanh nghiệp kinh doanh xe ô tô có thể tập trung đẩy mạnh tiếp thị truyền thông và tăng cường doanh thu đồng thời mang lại giá trị đặc trưng thương hiệu xe trong ngành ô tô Việt Nam
Impact of economic integration on banking performance in Vietnam
Authors: Anh PhD. Nguyen Quoc
Published: February 2023

Through the collection of secondary data, the study was conducted to understand the impact of economic integration on banking performance in Vietnam. The data of the article is taken from 21 commercial banks in Vietnam from the period 2010 - 2021. The research results show that economic integration has an impact on banking performance through economic freedom indexes and financial freedom. Besides, the results also show that many factors related to the internal characteristics of banks also have an impact on bank performance including bank size, diversification of banking products, cost of banking activities, and equity ratio. Economic environmental factors also have an impact on bank performance. GDP has a positive and statistically significant relationship with banking performance. From the research results, the article proposes governance implications for managers of Vietnamese commercial banks. The obtained results have contributed more empirical evidence on the impact of economic integration on the banking performance of developing countries
Stock market reaction to covid-19: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Linh Assoc. Prof. Nguyen Thi My , Toan Bui Ngoc
Published: February 2023

This paper examines the impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic on stock market returns. In particular, COVID-19 is determined through the number of confirmed cases and the number of deaths. The research data sample was collected in Vietnam, which is an emerging country with a nascent but rapidly developing stock market during the past time. For the analytical method, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method is used to estimate the research model. The estimation results indicate that the stock market reacts negatively in both the short and long term to the information about the number of COVID-19 cases. In other words, stock market returns decline when the number of COVID-19 cases increases. However, the impact of COVID-19 deaths on stock market returns is negligible. This shows that the stock market usually reacts as soon as the number of COVID-19 cases is confirmed. Regarding COVID-19 deaths, it usually takes a certain time to update the number of COVID-19 deaths since the number of COVID-19 cases is confirmed. Moreover, Vietnam has treated COVID-19 cases quite well. Therefore, stock market investors often react insignificantly to the number of COVID-19 deaths. In addition, this study also finds the negative impact of inflation and interest rates on stock market returns. The results of this study are significant empirical evidence for Vietnam, especially in COVID-19 control and stock market development.
Escavando o santuário de Apolo em Despótico
Authors: Matos Karolini Batzakas de Souza , Zanco Amabile Helena , Junior Sidnei de Oliveira
Published: February 2023

Nota de escavação de um santuário arcaico dedicado a Apolo, localizado na ilha de Despótico, nas Cíclades.
Soundscape and Landscape at Panhellenic Greek Sanctuaries
Authors: Funari Pedro Paulo Abreu
Published: February 2023

Resenha de Soundscape and Landscape at Panhellenic Greek Sanctuaries. Edited by Erika Angliker and Angela Bellia. Pisa/Roma, Istituti Editoriali e Poligrafici Internazionali, 2021, 120 pp.  ISBN 9788881475292.
Héctor Benoit, testemunho e homenagem
Authors: Funari Pedro Paulo A.
Published: February 2023

Homenagem de Pedro Paulo A. Funari a Héctor Benoit.
História, ideologia e propaganda
Authors: Carlan Cláudio Umpierre
Published: February 2023

O artigo começa com uma descrição da iconografia como documento histórico. A imagem na Antiguidade tinha uma função específica: apresentar a um determinado grupo social, em sua grande maioria analfabeto, algo que representasse a orla do poder. Ela não apenas legitimava um imperador ou rei, funcionava como uma espécie de propaganda política.
Pathways to Know and Sidetracks to Forget: Walking and the Montane Cultural Landscape of Zagori (Northwestern Greece)
Authors: Moudopoulos-Athanasiou Faidon
Published: February 2023

The present essay addresses the different ways of walking in a cultural landscape as a tool to interpret its heritage. From the nineteenth-century travelers to the contemporary regional archaeological surveys, walking plays a crucial role in shaping our understanding of place. Past ways of walking archived in primary sources, contemporary interpretations of montane cultural landscapes, and the ways of walking in the present reveal different attitudes to heritage. This article investigates the region of Zagori in northwestern Greece as a case study to approach different walks, past and present, related both to remembering and forgetting, through the perspectives of dwelling, inhabiting, and gazing at the cultural landscape of Zagori.
Líderes Emprendedores y la Esperanza en el lugar de trabajo de los empleados en las Mipymes de Ecuador
Authors: Mafla Nénger David Francisco
Published: February 2023

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación que existe entre las acciones de los líderes emprendedores  y la esperanza en el lugar de trabajo de los empleados en las Mipymes de Ecuador. La investigación se desarrolló con enfoque cuantitativo y un alcance descriptivo correlacional, con una población constituida por Microempresa, Pequeña empresa y Mediana empresa (Mipymes) del sector de Servicios en las provincias Pichincha, Guayas, Azuay y Manabí de Ecuador, con una muestra extraída de 1066 correspondiente a los empleados de las empresas como unidades de observación. Las escalas de medición seleccionadas certificaron su validez y confiabilidad a través de los estudios. Los resultados sugieren una correlación positiva y significativa entre las acciones de los líderes emprendedores y la esperanza en el lugar de trabajo en los empleados de las Mipymes de Ecuador.
Incidencia de los medios de comunicación, redes sociales y fake news durante las manifestaciones sociales de octubre 2019 en Ecuador
Authors: Larrea Ayala Ana , Avellaneda Galarza Joely , Chamorro Loyo Antonella , Guerrero Pasquel Milena , Mestanza Yépez Emily , Cadena Andy Steve
Published: February 2023

Las manifestaciones sociales de octubre 2019 en Ecuador provocaron un escenario de conmoción social, violencia, protestas, enfrentamientos entre manifestantes, transportistas y el movimiento indígena en contra de la decisión del gobierno por la eliminación de los subsidios a la gasolina. En el presente artículo se recopiló información, datos, noticias y entrevistas emitidas por parte de los medios de comunicación Teleamazonas, un medio tradicional privado y Wambra, un medio digital comunitario. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la incidencia que mantuvieron los medios de comunicación tradicionales y comunitarios durante los 11 días de protesta. A través de las técnicas de análisis de contenido de noticias, además de entrevistas a especialistas en periodismo y comunicación digital, se pudo determinar que las hipótesis planteadas se cumplieron pues se enfocaban en resaltar la difusión de noticias sesgadas y poco objetivas de ambos medios ya que, en baja o en gran medida asumieron una posición parcializada respecto al acontecimiento. Además del análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo sobre el tipo de fuentes utilizadas, alcance, nivel de objetividad y persuasión, se hizo una breve indagación acerca de la influencia de las redes sociales y difusión de fake news en el pensamiento colectivo de la sociedad.
turismo slow como alternativa para el desarrollo sostenible en la comunidad del milenio A´I Cofan Dureno al 2030
Authors: Caiza Clara , Andrade Ruiz Wilian Patricio
Published: February 2023

La presente investigación analiza el potencial turístico de la comunidad Milenio A’I Cofán Dureno para convertirse en un destino lento al año 2030. Entre los referentes teóricos se destacan Lagos (2018), Di Clemente (2011), Sosa (2012), De Luis Blanco (2011); OMT (2021); ONU (2021); Cittaslow (2020). La metodología fue cualitativa, enmarcada en la escuela voluntarista de la prospectiva, tomando en consideración los requerimientos de sostenibilidades de las Cittaslow. Se utilizaron las técnicas de FODA prospectivo, Ábaco de Regnier, lista de cotejo y Ejes de Peter Schwartz.  En conclusión, se pudo determinar que las fortalezas de la comunidad se encuentran ligadas a su riqueza natural y cultural. Así mismo, se pudo evidenciar el fuerte significado espiritual que tiene el Río Aguarico para los miembros de la comunidad. También, se determinó que la comunidad cuenta con la mayoría de los indicadores de sostenibilidad dictados por el Movimiento Slow.
Test Anxiety in Pre-service English Teachers at Universidad Técnica del Norte
Authors: Mantilla Marcia , Guevara-Betancourt Sandra
Published: February 2023

This research aimed to describe test anxiety experienced by English Major students from Universidad Técnica del Norte. This study was conducted during the academic period of October 2021 – February 2022. It applied a qualitative approach whose main instrument was the Westside Test Anxiety Scale to gather the required data to identify the anxiety levels experienced during English tests. For this purpose, 250 students were the participants, the whole population of the undergraduate English program. The data was collected using an online questionnaire. The main findings evidence that anxiety before a test ranges between Moderate and High, regardless of the level, which disregard the incidence of age. Besides the anxiety evidenced before tests, the anxiety levels evidenced during and after report to be High and Extremely high for students. In conclusion, teachers must be trained in strategies to teach students how to cope appropriately with test anxiety. Therefore, pre-service English teachers were selected as the target population for this study.
FINDING EIGENVALUES AND CORRESPONDING EIGENVECTORS THROUGH APPLYING (F.E.M) TO ELLIPTIC (P.D.E) USING DIFFERENT METHODS
Authors: Ali Aleyan Omar
Published: February 2023

In this paper the power method and the symmetric power method are applied to the matrix H which was otained from a linear system Hx = b. This system was derived from an elliptic partial differential equation by adopting the finite element method in order to find eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors. These methods are applied to two examples. The different of the two examples are compared to find out the differences between them. The paper has shown that the use of symmetric power method leads to a large eigenvalue if compared to the use of the power method.
TYPES OF 3D SURFACE OF ROTATIONS EMBEDDED IN 4D MINKOWSKI SPACE
Authors: Saad Anis , Mostafa Attia
Published: February 2023

The geometry of surfaces of rotation in three dimensional Euclidean spaces has been studied widely. The rotational surfaces in three dimensional Euclidean spaces are generated byrotating an arbitrary curve about an arbitrary axis. Which should be using a type of matrices called matrices of rotation. But they are should be created by one parameter group of isometry. On the other hand, the Minkowski spaces have shorter history. In 1908 Minkowski [1864-1909] gave his talk on four dimensional real vector space, with a symmetric form of signature (+,+,+,-).  In this space there are different types of vectors/ axes (space-liketime- like and null) as well as different types of curves (space-like- time-like and null). The relationship between Euclidean and Minkowskian geometry has many intriguing aspects, one of which is the manner in which formal similarity can co-exist with significantgeometric disparity. There has been considerable interest in the comparison of these twogeometries, as can be seen in the lecture notes of L’opez. In this manuscript we produce different types of surfaces of rotation in four dimensionalMinkowski spaces. And then we will provide a brief description of surfaces of rotation of 4D Minkowski spaces. Firstly consider the beginning by creating different type of matrices of rotation corresponding to the appropriate subgroup of the Lorentz group, and then generate all types of surfaces of rotation. The new work here is the spherical symmetric case which is nonabeliansubalgebra isomorphic to lie algebra. This case is known by expectation.
EVALUATION OF HEPATIC ENZYMES IN LIBYAN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS: NEED FOR LOWER STANDARD "NORMAL" RANGE.
Authors: B. Abdallah Omar , MYG Younis , Alammari Jamal A. , Abdelmalek Fatima
Published: February 2023

Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) patients on hemodialysis treatment are at higher risk of hepatitis C infection and they showed lower serum levels of aminotransferases than general population. These hepatic enzymes aid in the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of hepatic diseases. The present study aimed to estimate the changes in serum ALT, AST and ALP levels in both predialysis (PreHD-CKD) and hemodialysis (HD-CKD) patients in comparison to normal controls and to find out the association between hepatic enzyme changes and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR). The present study included 53 HD-CKD patients, 61 PreHD-CKD patients, and 50 healthy controls. A questionnaire that included variables was answered by all the participants, and Blood samples were collected and estimated for blood urea, creatinine, AST, ALT, and ALP using standard methods afterward, the data was statistically analyzed using SPSS software. Our results revealed lower AST and ALT levels in HD-CKD patients than both PreHD-CKD patients and healthy controls. On the contrary, ALP was significantly higher in both groups of CKD patients when compared to healthy controls. In addition, no significant correlation has been found between eGFR and hepatic enzymes. Serum ALT and AST levels tend to be reduced in CKD patients on hemodialysis treatment, a finding that enforces the urgent need for the establishment of separate reference ranges of hepatic enzymes for CKD patients in order to facilitate the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of liver diseases, especially hepatitis C infection, an establishment that may play a role in decreasing the mortality in CKD patients.
NOSOCOMIAL BLOOD STREAM INFECTIONS IN ADULT PATIENTS ADMITTED TO AL JUMHORIA HOSPITAL -BENGHAZI-LIBYA
Authors: A. Akarem Abdurrahman , S. EL rammly Asma , A.Alemam Hafsa , Abdul sammad Mohamed , A. Alammari Jamal , Ben Gwirif Salha F.
Published: February 2023

As little information of antibiotic resistance in Libya is known.This study included 937 patients admitted to Al Jamhoryia hospital, Benghazi during 20092010.The results showed that rate of nosocomial blood stream infection (BSI) was 28% in 2009 and 27% in 2010 with the highest percentage of ICU (61%) in 2009. This study also showed that in 2009, the most frequently isolated bacteria among staphylococci was methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However methicillin resistant Coagulase negative staphylococci accounted for (27.4%) Klebsiellapneumoniaere presented the highest percentage followed by Escherichia coli, S. hominis, S. aurues, S. epidermides, and Acinetobacterbaumannii. The rate of infection recorded in 2010 was (52.5%). This study showed that MRSA was the most prevalent pathogen. S. aurues isolates represented the highest percentage among all bacteria isolated (24.8%) followed by E. coli % S. hominis and S. epidermides. The occurrence of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria was 15.9% and 14.9% in 2009 and 2010 respectively. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing showed that Gram-positive isolates exhibited higher sensitivity patterns toward Rifampin (95.8%) followed by Teicoplanin (91.6%), Ciprofloxacin (90.2%), Vancomycin (87.4%), and Linezolid (84). High rate of resistance was observed against penicillins and 3rd generation cephalosporins. The rate of antibiotic resistant bacteria causing NBSI is increasing among Gram-positive and negative bacteria and creates a serious health problem in hospitals.
HEPATITIS C VIRUS, HEPATITIS B VIRUS AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION IN ILLEGAL IMMIGRANT’S POPULATION ATTENDED TO AL- JABAL ALAKHTER AREA- LIBYA
Authors: Alhooda Noor , Alawkally M, , A, Aldokally Maree,
Published: February 2023

Assess the prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B and C Virus and serological markers in immigrant people of various nationalities, living in the AL- Jabal alakhdar area. HIV, Hepatitis B and C are, and will remain for some time, major health problems in Libya.The retrospective study was conducted in AL- Bayda, Cyrene and AL-Quba illegal immigrant centers between OctoberDecember 2017.All samples were tested using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). The study considers a total of 14,918 samples, mostly males. The highest prevalence rate of viral infection was HBsAg with 35 (1.22%) recorded in Al-Bayda center in 2016, while the lowest was 9 (1.82%) recorded in Al-Qubba center in 2015. The highest value of HCV was 18 (0.81%) in Al-Bayda center in 2016, while the highest value is in Both Elqubba (1.12%) and Cyrene centers (0.30%) which were recorded in 2017. HIV infected person in 2015,was one male (0.2%) in the Elqubba center and his nationality was Egyptian and only two females were recorded (0.4%) in Cyrene in 2016, their nationality waschad, while in 2017 One female was recorded (0.06%) in Cyrene and her nationality was chad and one male (0.2%) in Al-bayda from Egypt. Number of males (12919) exceeds females (1999). The highest frequency was 15 males and their ages were 24 years old. The highest level of infected illegal immigrants was from Egypt as  429 of them infected followed by 134 Chadians , 118 Sudanese, 105 Bangladesi’s, 26 Syrians, 6 turkish and 6 Palestinian , 5 Tunisians and 3 Nigerians respectively.
HEAVY METALS POISONING IN SOME LOCAL FISH
Authors: Ahmed Gazett Mohamed
Published: February 2023

Libya has a long coast which is more than 1970 km that is rich with different types of fishes. Fishes have a high nutritional value and people depend on them to cover their nutritional needs like proteins, minerals and vitamins. In the last years, many human activities such as nuclear and industrial wastes dropped in seas and oceans have caused high pollution with heavy metals. These pollutions are transmitted to consumers directly causing different dangerous diseases like cancers and metallic poisoning. To study this pollution, different types of fish samples have been collected randomly from local fish market in Misurata city, wet digested, and the heavy metals were determined with atomic absorption spectrometer. The results were compared with standards of WHO & FAO. The average concentrations of heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu ,Cr , Ni , Zn , Mn, and Fe, respectively) for different types of fish were as follows: Sardine fish (Sardinellamaderensis): 0.005, 1.58, 0.25, 0.20, 0.25, 0.56, 0.37, 0.26, 0.99 (mg/kg), Sea dog fish (Galiorhinnsgaleus): 0.007, 1.97, 0.16, 0.19, 0.35, 0.56, 0.37, 0.26, 0.59 (mg/kg), Farroj fish (Epinelusmrgintus): 0.004, 2.16, 0.58, 0.71, 0.46, 0.65, 0.85, 0.27, 0.77 (mg/kg), Trillia fish (Mulhusbarbahus): 0.003, 1.65, 0.41, 0.29, 0.55, 0.45, 0.75, 0.46, 0.67 (mg/kg), Kawally fish (Scomber japonicas): 0.002, 0.77, 0.65, 0.19, 0.77, 0.45, 0.96, 0.45, 0.69 (mg/kg), and Rzam fish (Auxisrochei): 0.00, 0.00, 0.15, 0.49, 0.38, 0.29, 0.37, 0.48, 0.41(mg/kg). This kind of works can help to assist local and state health services in their deliberations concerning such contaminants in local fish.
A STUDY ON THE LEVEL OF SERUM FERRITIN IN WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE IN EL-BEYDA CITY
Authors: A. Abdelsalam Fahima , Moftah Hanan S. , M. Ali Alnagy , S. Ali Marfoua , M. Adam Soliman
Published: February 2023

Ferritin, a major iron storage protein, is essential to iron homeostasis and is involved in a wide range of physiologic and pathologic processes, and can hold up to 4 000 atoms of iron. The aim of our study was to determine the levels of Ferritin among different age groups in El-Beyda city in women of childbearing age. This study included 217 women in childbearing age (18- 45 years) who were visiting women clinic and in a period of 24 months from the first of January 2016 to December 2017in El-Beyda city. Reliable serum ferritin level was measured by using an enzyme immunoassay ELISA method. This study showed that there is a close relationship between age and level of serum ferritin, where we found that the age groups 25-31 and 32-38 is the lowest in the level of serum ferritin.
THE CYTO-ARCHITECTURE AND MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF THE DORSAL CORTEX NEURONS IN THE GARDEN LIZARD CALOTES VERSICOLOR (DAUDIN)
Authors: D. Sakal Ibrahim , M. Omar Mostafa
Published: February 2023

The cyto-architecture and morphology of the neuronal types of the dorsal cerebral cortex of the lizard, Calotes versicolor has been studied with the help of Cresyl violet staining and Golgi impregnation method. The dorsal cerebral cortex displayed three neuronal layers. Layer-I contains only few neuronal somas and also the dendrites ascending from the subjacent layers. Layer-II is characterized by three to four cell thick densely packed neuronal somas. Layer-III contains loosely packed neuronal somas and the dendrites and axon descending from layerI and II. Below the layer-III an ependymal layer is observed just above the ventricle. Using different characteristics such as criteria of location, dendritic tree pattern, dendritic spine covering and soma shape seven classes of neurons were distinguished in the cellular layer of dorsal cortex of Calotes versicolor : multipolar neurons, pyramidal neurons, monotufted bipolar neurons, monotufted neurons, bitufted neurons, inverted pyramidal neurons and aspinous bipolar neurons. The dorsal cerebral cortex shows the pyramidal and multipolar neurons to be dominant type with 38.71% and 30.65% respectively whereas the aspinous bipolar neurons show only 2.69%. The multipolar neurons have mostly intracortical dendritic branching and connections. The spine density of dendrites of the dorsal cortex ranges from 22.67±8.18 to 30.76±7.64 spines in pyramidal, bitufted and multipolar neurons (moderately spinous) whereas it ranges from 10.83±5.64 to 18.18±02.88 spines in monotufted bipolar, monotufted and bitufted bipolar neurons (sparsely spinous) per 25 μm-length of dendritic segment.
MANAGEMENT OF CHENOPODIUM ALBUM L. THROUGH ALLELOPATHY
Authors: Hamad Hamida M.E. , M. El-Darier Salama , Abdel-Razik Mohamed S.
Published: February 2023

The aim of the up to date study was to hold out evaluation of the allelopathic activity of leaves and bark of mulberry (Morus alba L.) on germination processes and a few growth parameters of the foremost problematic weeds in maize (Zea mays L.) fields; herb (Chenopodium album L). The investigator hopes that the study can provide data regarding the chances of mistreatment the target species as bioherbicides. In pure culture, the germination percentage (GP) of maize seeds was inefficaciously decreasing with increasing the concentrations of Morus alba leaves (MALAE) and bark (MABAE) aqueous extracts whereas the germination percentage (GP) was considerably attenuated with increasing the concentrations of MALAE and MABAE in mixed culture with wild spinach. Similarly, in pure and mixed culture with Indian corn the doc of wild spinach seeds significantly attenuated with increasing the concentrations of MALAE and MABAE. Accordingly, the inhibition percentage (IP) for the germination processes in Zea seeds in pure culture wasn't vital in response to the apparent allelopathic action of the 2 applied extracts. The proportion was considerably multiplied with increasing the concentrations of MALAE and MABAE in mixed culture with Chenopodium album. Similarly, in pure and mixed culture with Zea mays the (IP) of Chenopodium album seeds significantly multiplied with increasing the concentrations of MALAE and MABAE.
INVESTIGATION OF ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF ACACIA NILOTICA L.
Authors: B. Alshareef Boodor , A. Alaib Prof. Mohamed
Published: February 2023

Acacia nilotica. L commonly known as babul, kikar or Indian gum Arabic tree, has been recognized worldwide as a multipurpose tree. Set of experiments were conducted  for  evaluation of the allopathic effects of water extracts of  different parts (park, leaves and pods)  of  A. nilotica as well as  soil extracts  under canopy on seed germination and  seedling  development of  receptor specie (Cucumus sativus L.) under different concentration (1%, 5% and 10% ).  Inhibitory effect of the different donor plant parts water extracts was ranked as follows: pod > leaf > bark. Soil extracts at different distances from trunk had stimulatory effect at 2m and 5 m distance while at the edge showed inhibitory effects on seed germination and seedling development of both C. sativus L.
NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS OF 2, 4-DINITTROPHENYL ACETATE WITH HYDRAZINE AND METHANOL SOLVENT EFFECT
Authors: Ibrahim Mahmoud F. , Abdel-Reheem Hanaa A. , Hamed Ezzat A.
Published: February 2023

The generally accepted mechanism for nucleophilic aromatic substitution (the snare mechanism) is an addition-elimination mechanism and involves the formation of a Meisenheimer type of intermediate. The hydrazinolysis of 2,4-dinitrophenyl acetate in methanol proceeds exclusively through acyl-oxygen scission by a concerted mechanism. The process depends on the basicity of the leaving group and its steric hindrance as well as the possible intramolecular hydrogen bond in the transition state. The reactions of 2,4Dinittrophenyl Acetate with hydrazine obeyed pseudo-first-order rate constants (kobs). The linearplot of kobs vs. amine concentration indicated that there is no base-catalysis.The large negative ΔS# value indicates a rigid transition state or great participation of methanol molecules in the activated complex.