bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combining robot-assisted surgical system and 3D visualization system for teaching minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery
Authors:   The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Chen Yi-Qi , Zhu Lin ,   Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Gao Wei-Qian ,   The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Yu Jia-Feng ,   The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Wang Jun ,   The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Deng Xin-Yi ,   The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Tao Ji-Wei ,   The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Qu Jia ,   The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Shen Li-Jun ,   The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
Published: January 2022

AIM: To investigate the feasibility of teaching minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery with a robot-assisted surgical system and a three-dimensional (3D) visualization system.
METHODS: Enucleated porcine eyes were established as an animal model for removing foreign bodies. Forty medical students were recruited to remove foreign bodies to compare the traditional microscope and the 3D system. One junior resident performed the surgical task with manual and robot-assisted operations on 20 porcine eyes for each group. One senior surgeon evaluated the retinal invasion by a graded injury degree. The learning curve for minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery was described.
RESULTS: Compared with the robot-assisted group, the injury degree was higher in the manual group. For the first ten surgeries, the manual and robot-assisted groups had injuries of 2.60±1.35 (4 to 0) and 1.80±1.62 (4 to 0), respectively. For the last ten surgeries, the injury degrees were 1.90±1.20 (3 to 0) and 0.80±0.42 (1 to 0). Considering the manual and robot-assisted groups together, 95%, 75% and 60% of the students considered surgical manipulation with the 3D visualization system to be more comfortable, easier and clearer, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The robot-assisted surgical system and 3D visualization system may have value in teaching minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery.
A novel surgical technique of internal limiting membrane peeling for high myopic foveoschisis: a wide range of whole piece consecutive peeling without preservation of epi-fovea
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, He Shuai , Zhou Zhong-Yi ,   Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Li Xiao-Meng ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xu Wu ,   Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Qiu Qing-Hua ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine
Published: January 2022

AIM: To demonstrate an improved surgical technique of whole piece consecutive internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling without preservation of the epi-fovea to treat high myopic foveoschisis (MF).
METHODS: A 23-gauge 3-port pars plana vitrectomy was performed on 16 patients with high MF. A parallel arc line along the vascular arcades was scraped out with a curved membrane scraper DSP. Next, an ILM forceps was used to catch hold of the incisal edge of the ILM flap, and the action of releasing and separating was subsequently taken toward the direction of the macular fovea. Next, the ILM forceps was used to grasp the released area, and the whole area coherent ILM peeling covering the macular fovea was implemented thereafter. Finally, the ILM was folded backwards and peeled off in the arc direction.
RESULTS: At the final visit, the average central macular thickness decreased remarkably from 423.76±177.67 to 178.24±66.21 μm. The mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity of 1.37±0.59 was significantly alleviated to 0.74±0.59.
CONCLUSION: The wide range of whole piece consecutive ILM peeling without preservation of the epi-fovea is proven to be effective and significantly reduced the occurrence of retinal tear and macular hole.
Changes in Schlemm’s canal, trabecular meshwork, and relevant parameters in the early stage after SMILE of myopia patients
Authors:   Department of Refractive Surgery, Wuhan EyeGood Ophthalmic Hospital, Wuhan 430014, Hubei Province, China, Yang Dan-Dan , Chen Wei ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China, Yin He ,   Department of Refractive Surgery, Wuhan EyeGood Ophthalmic Hospital, Wuhan 430014, Hubei Province, China, Peng Jing-Kai ,   Department of Refractive Surgery, Wuhan EyeGood Ophthalmic Hospital, Wuhan 430014, Hubei Province, China, Wang Jun-Ming ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
Published: January 2022

AIM: To observe the changes in Schlemm's canal (SC), trabecular meshwork (TM), and anterior chamber relevant parameters after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) of myopia patients.
METHODS: A total of 58 eyes from 30 patients who underwent SMILE were divided into a low and moderate myopia group (group A, 32 eyes) and a high myopia group (group B, 26 eyes). The diameter and area of the SC, the width and thickness of TM obtained by CIRRUS HD-OCT5000, and the related anterior chamber parameters obtained by Pentacam anterior segment analysis system, accommodation amplitude (AMP) were observed pre- and postoperatively. The preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) and postoperative correction of intraocular pressure (IOPcc) were measured.
RESULTS: The diameter and area of the SC in the two groups were significantly increased postoperatively (all P<0.01). The TM width of the patients in the two groups were increased at 1mo after surgery (both P<0.01), but the TM thickness did not change (P>0.05). The corneal curvature, central anterior chamber depth, and anterior chamber volume decreased after SMILE surgery (all P<0.01). There was a weak negative correlation between the SC area change and AMP change in group A (r=-0.362, P<0.01). The postoperative IOP decreased after correction by Shah formula (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: SC and TM in myopia patients change in the early postoperative stage of SMILE and the IOP is decline.
Prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic macular edema in a northeastern Chinese population
Authors:   The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Lin Zhong , Wen Liang ,   Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing 100730, China, Wang Yu ,   Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing 100730, China, Li Dong ,   Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing 100730, China, Ding Xiao-Xia ,   Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing 100730, China, Dou Yu ,   Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing 100730, China, Zhai Gang ,   Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing 100730, China, Liang Yuan-Bo ,   The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
Published: January 2022

AIM: To estimate the prevalence of diabetic macular edema (DME) and clinically significant macular edema (CSME), and to assess their risk factors in a population with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) located in northeast China.
METHODS: Patients were included from the Fushun Diabetic Retinopathy Cohort Study (FS-DIRECT), a community-based study conducted in northeast China. The presence of DME and CSME was determined by the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) retinopathy scale of fundus photographs. The age-standardized prevalence of DME and CSME was estimated. The association between DME/CSME and risk factors was analyzed in a multivariate Logistical analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 292 (15.4%) and 166 (8.8%) patients were diagnosed as DME and CSME, yielding the age and sex standardized prevalence of 13.5% (95%CI: 11.9%-15.0%), and 7.1% (95%CI: 5.9%-8.3%), respectively. Female patients had a higher prevalence of DME compared to their male counterparts (15.7% vs 10.4%, P=0.03). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that younger age, insulin use, proteinuria, longer duration of diabetes, and higher glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, were associated with the prevalence of DME and CSME. Patients with higher fasting plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure, and blood urea nitrogen were also found to be associated with DME.
CONCLUSION: Early fundus screening in diabetic patients is invaluable and given the relatively high prevalence of DME and CSME in this study cohort, those with a high risk of sight threatening maculopathy would invariably benefit from earlier detection.
Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome: a review of potential pathogenesis and intervention
Authors:   Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China, Yang Jia-Wei , Zhang Ming-Xu ,   Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China, Ai Jia-Ling ,   Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First People's Hospitals of Ziyang, Ziyang 641399, Sichuan Province, China, Wang Fei ,   State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China, Kan Guang-Han ,   State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China, Wu Bin ,   State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China, Zhu Si-Quan ,   Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
Published: January 2022

With the continuing progress in space exploration, a new and perplexing condition related to spaceflight ocular syndrome has emerged in the past four decades. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has named this condition “spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome” (SANS). This article gives an overview of the current research about SANS and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by analyzing the existing publications on PubMed and CNKI and reports from NASA about SANS, summarizing the potential pathogenesis of SANS and physical interventions for treating SANS, and discussing the feasibility of treating SANS with TCM. Due to the unique characteristics of the space environment, it is infeasible to conduct large-scale human studies of SANS. SANS may be the result of the interaction of multiple factors, including inflammation and fluid displacement in the optic nerve sheath and cerebrospinal fluid. We should pay attention to SANS. Visual function is not only related to the health of astronauts but also closely related to space operations. TCM has antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic effects and is widely used for optic nerve diseases. TCM has great potential to prevent SANS.
Should mitral valve prolapse be considered as one of the risk factors for open angle glaucoma? A preliminary observation
Authors:   Second Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-111, Poland, Grudzińska Ewa , Zaborski Daniel ,   Laboratory of Biostatistics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin 71-270, Poland, Modrzejewska Monika ,   Second Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-111, Poland
Published: January 2022

AIM: To assess the incidence of mitral valve prolapse in patients with newly diagnosed primary open angle glaucoma.
METHODS: The study included 12 patients without any other comorbidities or taking any general or local medications. Each patient underwent a full ophthalmological examination with visual field assessment and optical computed tomography of the macula and optic nerve head. Carotid Doppler ultrasound was performed to exclude impaired blood flow in this region and transthoracic echocardiography with assessment of the function and morphology of the heart valves.
RESULTS: In the study group, mitral valve prolapse was found in seven patients (58.3%), while mitral valve regurgitation in 11 patients (91.7%). One case of normal pressure glaucoma and four cases of juvenile glaucoma were diagnosed. There were also other risk factors for glaucoma: myopia (58.3%), migraine headaches (41.7%), a positive family history of glaucoma (16.7%).
CONCLUSION: Mitral valve prolapse could be indicated as a new risk factor for glaucoma. It seems reasonable to conduct screening tests for glaucoma in patients with mitral valve prolapse in the course of echocardiography.
Estimating Determinants of Transportation and Warehousing Establishment Locations Using U.S. Administrative Data
Authors: Carpenter Craig , Dudensing Rebekka , Van Sandt Anders
Published: January 2022

Interactions between transportation and warehousing and other industry clusters are not widely explored and the determinants of logistics locational determinants is limited in the U.S. context. These gaps in the literature, along with the U.S. transportation and warehousing sector's decentralization from urban areas and concentration in regions, highlight the importance of understanding the effects of place-based factors and inter-industry clusters on the locations and employment of transportation and warehousing industries. The analysis uses restricted-access U.S. Census Bureau data aggregated to the county level, along with secondary data sources, to estimate the locational determinants of transportation and warehousing (TW) industries based on transportation infrastructure as well as sociodemographic and institutional variables. The analysis takes a cross-sectional (non-causal) approach to focus on time-invariant location factors while testing and implementing zero-inflated count data distributions to model the data generation processes more accurately. Results indicate that subsectors are affected differently by infrastructure, sociodemographic, and institutional variables. Additionally, different factors are associated with industry presence versus size. Finally, we show that data using aggregated industries obscures locational factors' importance for individual sub-sectors and, further, that industrial aggregation obscures TW sectors' relationships to other clusters.
Phytochemistry, Biological Activity and Toxicity of Botanical Dietary Supplement: KL21
Authors: KÖKSAL KARAYILDIRIM Çinel , GÜNER Adem , YİĞİTTÜRK Gürkan , YAVAŞOĞLU Altuğ , KARABAY Ülkü
Published: January 2022

The use of nutritional supplements has grown conspicuously over the last decades. The present study aimed to design, develop, and optimize the toxicological and biological procedures to perform the quantitative determination of botanical dietary supplement KL21. The concentrations of phenolics in KL21 were 11.90 and 258.58 mg for ethanol, 3.58 and 86.42 mg for methanol extract, respectively. Carvacrol is a major component of the extracts according to GC-MS analysis. DPPH activity of methanol extract was higher than that of the ethanol extract. Both extracts showed similar relative antioxidant activity according to ABTS+ assay. Only methanol extract exhibited antimicrobial activity. KL21 ethanol extract exhibited inhibitory activity with 50 % growth inhibitory concentration of 92.09, 95.47 and 44 μg/mL on MCF-7, HeLa and HEK-293 cells respectively. KL21 demonstrated no mutagenic activity with the Salmonella strains. The in vivo toxicity test results indicated that KL21 had no significant adverse effects. Dose-depended KL21 treatment seemed nontoxic due to biochemical, hematological values. No histological damage in the liver was observed in the tissues. These results suggested that KL21 polyherbal formulation is a naturel source of antioxidant with antimicrobial activities and has therapeutic potential in a safe range.
Prolonged Biomolecule Release from Titanium Surfaces via Titania Nanotube Arrays
Authors: BAYRAM Cem
Published: January 2022

Surface modifications containing active biomolecules in order to minimize the failure of titanium implants used in hard tissue repair is one of the most frequently studied subjects in recent years. In the last decade, it has been investigated that nanoscale tubular spaces on the titanium surface can be used as a local drug release reservoir so that the molecule can be loaded into the implant structure without the need for any chemical binder or polymeric coating. It is possible to obtain one-dimensional structures that can be grown by electrochemical anodic oxidation by controlling the diameters of less than 100 nanometers on titanium metal surfaces. The major disadvantage of biomolecules released from titania nanotube structures to the environment is the hard control of release kinetics and more than half of the loading amount releases in the first few hours of interaction with the biological fluid. Although the studies on controlling the kinetics have been tried to overcome by covering the nanotube arrays with barriers such as polymer structures, the risk of delamination of the polymers from the surface during implantation brings additional problems. In this manuscript, vancomycin and bovine serum albumin were loaded into titania nanotubes formed by anodic oxidation technique on titanium metal plates and the tube ends has been narrowed by gold sputtering technique. With this narrowing at the tube-ends, the length of the release time and the change in diameter according to the hydrodynamic diameter of the released biomolecule were investigated. It is seen that the increased gold sputtering time prolongs the release rate of biomolecules and offers a promising approach for sustained local drug releasing implants.
The Effect of Geographical Factors on Islamic Banking Sustainability Performance: An Instrumental Variable Quantile Regression Analysis
Authors: Budiman Teguh , Febrian Erie , Azis Yudi
Published: January 2022

There is an ongoing debate on how Islamic banks contribute to bank sustainability. Theoretically, Islamic ethics promote sustainability, also called Maqasid al-shari'ah. This paper investigates the effect of geographical factors on Islamic bank sustainability. A theoretical and empirical model was developed to assess this relationship. It was hypothesized that geographical factors affect Islamic bank sustainability. Countries in specific geographical locations that are dominated by Islamic rules, such as the Middle East, have different magnitudes compared to east Asian countries that have fewer Islamic rules. A geographical risk model was developed according to the Maqasid al-Shari'ah concept and was employed based on a microeconomic banking model that portrays a variety of risks for 159 Islamic banks in ten countries. We constructed variables from macroeconomic databases, such as the World Development Indicators, and microeconomic databases, such as financial indicators and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) data from Thomson Reuters from 2012 to 2019. The analysis was conducted using panel instrumental variable regression to test the hypothesis; however, geographical risk variables produced biased results affecting Maqasid financing. The method was refined with IV quantile regression. It was found that geographical factors are strongly related to the improvement of Maqasid financing in Middle East regions, whereas in eastern regions this is vice versa. The results indicate that geopolitical factors stimulate Maqasid financing for Sustainable Development Goals.
Tracing the Pig and Cattle Origin in Processed Food and Feed Products Targeting Mitochondrial 12S rRNA Gene
Authors: Roy D.C. , Akhter S. , Sarker A.K. , Hossain M.M.K. , Lyzu C. , Mohanta L.C. , Islam D. , Khan M.A.A.
Published: January 2022

Background: Species identification in commercially processed food and feed products is one of the important issues. This study was conducted to develop a genetic method for the detection of pig and cattle species in processed food and feed products using newly designed species-specific primers targeting mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene fragments.
Methods: Two sets of specific primers were designed based on the 12S rRNA gene sequences of pig and cattle species from GenBank. The primers were validated by using the DNA extracted from nine different chordates, including pig, cattle, chicken, bata fish, bat, toad, African parrot, rat, and human origin. Annealing temperature ranging from 46-54°C for 30 seconds and template DNA 1:10 serial dilutions ranging from 10 to 0.00001 ng/µl were employed for primer annealing and sensitivity analysis. Samples were analyzed using optimized Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) conditions.
Results: The most intense expected DNA bands of pig and cattle were produced at 50°C. Under that optimized annealing temperature pig and cattle-specific primers did not anneal with the DNA of other chordates. Total extracted DNA 0.001 ng and 0.01 ng of pig and cattle respectively containing the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was successfully detected.
Conclusion: These findings indicate that the newly designed primer pairs can be used to detect pig and cattle derivatives in various processed food and feed products.
Biofilm Formation and Antibacterial Properties of Lactobacillus Isolated from Indigenous Dairy Products
Authors: Rezaei Z. , Salari A. , Khanzadi S.
Published: January 2022

Background: The health benefits of probiotic bacteria are not unknown to anyone. On the other hand, indigenous dairy sources are a potential source of native probiotics. This study aimed to describe the inhibitory activity of Cell-Free Supernatant (CFS), planktonic cells, and biofilm form of Lactobacillus strains isolated from native dairy sources on food pathogens.
Methods: Antibacterial activities of the CFS of Lactobacillus strains were assessed by the microplate method and via violet staining, and in planktonic cells, and biofilm forms were performed by the spread plate method.
Results: The results showed that despite the large differences in biofilm formation power among the strains, most of them can produce biofilm. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Lactis, Lactobacillus brevis, and Lactobacillus lactis subsp. lactis formed the strongest biofilm, respectively. Planktonic states reduce the pathogens bacterial by about 1.43 log, but in biofilm forms, decreased Listeria monocytogenes by about 4.8 log compared to the control, and in the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a growth reduction of about 2.8 logs was observed.
Conclusion: According to the study, biofilm produced by probiotic strains can be considered a new approach for biological control. Also, indigenous dairy sources can be considered by researchers to extract natural and beneficial probiotics.
Burnout and Well-Being in Couples Relationships: The Predictive Role of Moral Virtues in Dyadic Relationship
Authors: Mousavi Seyyedeh Fatemeh
Published: January 2022

Aim: The current study was done with the aim of investigating the role of marital virtues in promoting well-being and coping with marital burnout of married men and women living in Tehran. The research method is descriptive and correlation. Methods: For this purpose, 290 married people (152 women and 138 men) were selected through convenient sampling. For data collection, the researcher-made Marital Virtues Scale, the Well-being Scale WHO-5 (2012), and Marital Burnout Scale (Pines, 1996) were administrated. Data were analyzed using correlation and stepwise regression tests.  Results: The findings showed that there was a significant positive correlation between all marital virtues’ subscales and the well-being and there was a negative significant correlation between all marital virtues’ subscales and marital burnout. Also, the results showed the virtues of fairness, tolerance, love, and empathy can explain 13% of the variance of well-being (F=14.68, p <.001) and the virtues of fairness, foresight and precaution, love, and empathy can explain 33% of the variance of marital burnout (F=47.06, p <.001). Conclusion: The cultivation of moral virtues over time can predict well-being in couples and could be considered as a strategy to deal with marital burnout.
Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of COVID19: An Updated Review
Authors: Majidpour Mahdi , Zahedi Abqari Armin , Robat-Jazi Behrouz , Sargazi Saman
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) appeared almost two years ago in China and quickly created a pandemic and affected all aspects of human life. The virus, termed SARS-CoV-2, is generally asymptomatic but contagious and might have originated from bats. Nowadays, the mechanisms underlying the infection and the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 are distinguishable from previous coronaviruses. Early diagnosis and supportive treatment are necessary to cure the patients with COVID-19. Early evidence recommended that children are just likely as adults to become infected with this novel virus. It is now established that children are more often show gastrointestinal manifestations than adults do, and many children affected by SARS-CoV-2 are asymptomatic. Over 300 vaccine projects are recently developed by the scientific community to treat COVID-19 disease; however, these vaccines might lose efficacy by a number of unpredicted issues, including the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 mutants.
Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence and worldwide widespread of COVID-19, many studies are underway to find treatment modalities and develop new vaccines or antiviral substances to fight the virus. The COVID-19 pandemic is not only a challenge to global health but also has globally affected mental, social, and economic health. Moreover, the post-corona pandemic condition will undoubtedly have many Socioeconomic Challenges. This review study has been focused on epidemiology, virology, transmission methods, clinical features, laboratory findings, and prevalent mutations of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We hope that information provided within this article will significantly benefit researchers currently investigating COVID-19 patients.
Study of Frequency of High Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasms (CIN 2, 3) in Patients Infected with Uncommon High Risk Human Papillomavirus
Authors: Sabet Fahimeh , Behnamfar Fariba , Khalili Narjes , Baba Haji Meybodi Farnaz
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Despite the significant relationship between human papillomavirus 16 and 18 subtypes and severe cases of cervical cancer, the assessing the frequency of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasms in the patients infected with high-risk human papillomavirus other than 16 and 18 has been less studied in Iranian population.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the patients referred to Oncology Clinic of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Isfahan, Iran were selected by positive HPV-typing test through Cobas HPV test and high-risk papilloma virus in 2018 by convenience sampling method. Pap smear was first taken from the patients in the usual way, then they underwent colposcopy, and a biopsy was performed on the lesion during colposcopy. If colposcopy was normal, biopsies were randomly taken from 4 quadrants (12, 3, 9, 6 hours) and, if necessary, endocervical curettage was performed. Samplings were taken by the pathologist of the study center and the prevalence of CIN2 and CIN3 was reported. ANOVA test was performed to compare quantitative variables. Chi-square test was used to compare qualitative variables. SPSS version 17 software was used for statistical analysis of data. Significance level was considered less than 0.05.
Results: In this study, 105 individuals with high-risk HPV other than 16 and 18 were evaluated. In the biopsy performed according to the standard diagnostic method, the prevalence of severe form of precancerous lesions (CIN 2, 3) was 9.6% and the most common types of HPV in the patients with CIN 2, 3 were 52 with a frequency of 40% and type 58 with a frequency 30%.
Conclusion: Due to the significant prevalence of severe (precancerous) lesions in these patients, it is necessary to review the current protocols.
Posibilidades y límites de la extensión cultural universitaria, 1935-1954: revistas y emisoras universitarias en Colombia
Authors: Castrillón Gallego Catalina , Villegas Andrés
Published: January 2022

Este artículo indaga por el uso de medios de comunicación para el desarrollo de actividades de extensión cultural que dieron la Universidad de Antioquia y la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana entre 1935 y 1953. A través de la crítica de fuentes documentales se describe y analiza como ambas instituciones, siguiendo referentes de los ámbitos nacional e internacional, desarrollaron en estos años estrategias como la publicación de revistas y la creación de emisoras que se convirtieron en importantes herramientas para extender y amplificar las labores desarrolladas al interior de sus respectivos claustros académicos. La revisión de la Revista Universidad de Antioquia (1935), la Revista Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (1937) y los boletines de programas y las parrillas de programación de Emisora Cultural Universidad de Antioquia (1933) y Radio Bolivariana (1948), permitió plantear que ambas universidades a través de sus emisoras, revistas y aulas intentaron entregarle a la ciudad, la región y el país su versión de lo que entendía por cultura. Al hacerlo se enfrentaron a sus propias limitaciones, principalmente, a la debilidad de su infraestructura y la escasez de sus recursos para participar en un mercado cada vez más competitivo, profesional, diverso y que se dirigía hacia una dirección decididamente comercial; a esto se sumaban, las tensiones y contradicciones inherentes a proyectos de este tipo, que se enfrentaban al reto de difundir expresiones culturales que, paradójicamente, eran consideradas como minoritarias y, en ese sentido, difícilmente aceptables y disfrutables más allá de las capas con una educación formal prolongada.
Criminal Liability for Use of Doping in Respect of Sportsman
Authors:   Editor-in-Chief of the Drug Control Journal, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Fedorov Aleksandr V.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to analysis of art. 230² of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation establishing liability for use of the substances and (or) methods prohibited in sports in respect of a sportsman.
Russian Criminal Law Policy and Legal Content of Criminal Law
Authors:   Editor-in-Chief of the Drug Control Journal, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Fedorov Aleksandr V.
Published: January 2022

The article is prepared based on the theses of speech delivered on March 29, 2017 at the round-table conference On Legal Content of Criminal Law dedicated to the 65th anniversary of Doctor of Law, Professor Yury Vladimirovich Golik held at the Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation. The author notes that the notion of “legal content of criminal law” is relatively new and not well-established from the theoretical standpoint, which leads to various approaches to its definition. Expediency and objective conditioning of review of the legal content of criminal law from the implemented legal policy perspective is justified. The article states that law derives from policy, expresses policy and serves as a means of its implementation while the acts of legislation and other statutory acts are one of the instruments for implementation of the pursued legal policy of the state, which is the only social formation entitled to accept, amend or cancel legal provisions itself or by delegation of its powers. Consequently, the criminal law content is determined by the criminal law policy carried out by the state. The author notes that from the positions of essence the legal content of criminal law requires assessment based on the understanding of law as the state will where law is understood as the will of the ruling class constructed as an act of legislation. This approach to definition of the legal content of criminal law corresponds to the following string of logic: state will (will of the ruling class) — legal (criminal law) policy — criminal law (criminal statute) and enables to establish that the state criminal law policy pursued by means (using the methods) of criminal law makes the determining influence on the legal content of criminal law.
New Clarifications on Illicit Trafficking Cases
Authors:   Editor-in-Chief of the Drug Control Journal, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Fedorov Aleksandr V.
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes changes in the Russian criminal legislation on liability for illicit trafficking including the ones stipulated by the Agreement on the Customs Code of the Customs Union and the appearance of a single customs territory of the Customs Union within the EAEU taking into consideration the provisions of the ruling of the Plenum of the Supreme Code of the Russian Federation dated April 27, 2017 No. 12 On Judicial Practice in Cases on Illicit Trafficking. The author describes the reasons that have brought about the need to prepare clarifications on illicit trafficking cases at the level of the ruling of the Plenum of the Supreme Code of the Russian Federation; pays attention to the changes of the legal regulation of customs relations; sets out the approaches to the notion of illicit trafficking in a narrow and broad sense; gives clarifications as to the determination of the illicit trafficking object itself and its subjects; unfolds the content of the objective side of illicit trafficking; makes notice of the issues, which have not received due clarification yet and the answers thereto will be developed in course of law enforcement.
300 Years of the Russian Investigative Body System
Authors:   Editor-in-Chief of the Drug Control Journal, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Fedorov Aleksandr V.
Published: January 2022

The article is dedicated to the 300th anniversary of establishment of the Russian investigative body system — major investigative offices established on December 9, 1717, by typical instructions of Peter the Great. The article notes that the question of the time frame of the Russian investigative body establishment is interpreted differently in historical and legal research works; and reviews the existing approaches to definition of investigative bodies in the narrow sense (as independent state bodies specially authorized to investigate criminal cases at the pre-trial stage) and the broad sense (as all state bodies and their officials having investigated criminal cases at the pre-trial stage along with performance of other functions). The author justifies that the establishment of six investigative offices headed by the officers of the Preobrazhensky and Semenovsky Regiments in December, 1717, became the establishment of a system of the first Russian independent preliminary investigative bodies. Attention is paid to the need to study historical experience of the investigative body system structure. The author concludes that Peter the Great’s ideas concerning investigative body arrangement retained their relevance in the modern Russia and were implemented by creation of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation as an independent state body specially authorized to investigate criminal cases, which is governed by the head of the state like in the time of Peter the Great. The article lists the available areas to study history of the Russian investigative bodies; draws attention to the importance of review of lives of specific investigators of the past and the criminal cases they worked on as positive and negative examples for professional, patriotic and moral upbringing of investigators; points out the need to create an academic discipline — History of Russian Investigative Bodies.
Liability of Legal Entities for Corruption-Related Crimes
Authors:   Deputy Chairman of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Fedorov Aleksandr V.
Published: January 2022

The article contains theses of the speech at the International Scientific and Practical Conference: Liability for Corruption-Related Crimes. Prevention Measures, Legal Regulation Issues and Possible Solutions held in Moscow on April 6, 2017, by the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation and the All-Russian State University of Justice (RLA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia). The article draws attention to the fact that the specific matter of corruption combatting-related crimes using the criminal law means cannot be viewed separately from the more general issues related to the development of the Russian criminal laws in general. The author states the prospects of introduction of criminal liability of legal entities in the Russian Federation, justifies the objective dependence of establishment of criminal liability of legal entities for commitment of corruption-related offences. The article stresses that many countries of the world have already established criminal liability for legal entities, and the Russian interests are violated when foreign authorities have a right to bring Russian legal entities to criminal liability while the Russian law enforcement authorities can raise a question of bringing foreign legal entities to administrative liability only. Apart from that, the author notes that the need to introduce criminal liability of legal entities is driven by the membership of the Russian Federation in some international organizations and its being a party to some international conventions. The article gives reasons indicating insufficient efficiency of the institution of administrative liability of legal entities for corrupt practices, which exists in the Russian Federation. As a transitional stage to the establishment of criminal liability of legal entities, the author suggests keeping the existing liability types (criminal one for individuals and administrative one for legal entities), while abandoning different procedural models of bringing to liability in the event that interrelated acts are committed, i.e. reviewing such offences in the course of criminal proceedings.
APPLICATION OF OPTICAL DEFORMATION SENSORS FOR ESTIMATING THE DEFORMATIVITY OF CFRP SAMPLES NEAR THE STRESS CONCENTRATORS
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Shershak P.V. , Yakovlev N. O. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Oreshko E. I. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»
Published: January 2022

The results of the calculations and the obtained experimental data show the need to take into account the distribution of strain fields on samples with stress concentrators for the selection of the correct gage of optical strain gauges. The ability to install certain gage of optical sensors with specific geometric parameters of the sample allows one to obtain the values of the stiffness and deformation characteristics on the sample with holes close to the values of the material characteristics, which can be used, for example, when carrying out research work in conditions of limited materials.
MICROMYCETES-DESTRUCTORS OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS AMONG EXTREMOPHILIC MICROORGANISMS (review)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Krivushina A. A. , Startsev V. O. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»
Published: January 2022

Extremophilic microorganisms are able to survive under extreme environmental conditions. The article is devoted to a review of research works on the study of extremophilic micromycetes, as well as the search among them for species known as destructors of polymeric materials. Such groups of extremophilic micromycetes as thermophiles, xerophiles, and oligotrophs, capable of surviving at high ambient temperatures, low humidity and lack of nutrients, are considered.In each group of extremophilic microorganisms, species of micromycetes were found, which were repeatedly noted as destructors of polymer materials.
POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY (rеview)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Valueva M. I. , Evdokimov A. A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Nacharkina A. V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Gubin A. M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»
Published: January 2022

Provides an overview of scientific and technical literature in the field of application of polymer composite materials in the automotive industry. The paper presents the history of the issue, as well as current trends in the field of materials, technologies and the technical solutions used to solve the assigned tasks. Taking into account world experience. examples are given and the prospects of using polymer composite materials and technologies for their processing developed for the aerospace industry in automotive industry are shown.
HYBRID METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES BASED ON COPPER (review)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Serpova V. M. , Nyafkin A.N. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Kurbatkina E. I. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»
Published: January 2022

The article presents a scientific and technical literature review of copper-based hybrid composite materials (CM). Common combinations of reinforcing components for the manufacture of hybrid composite materials are presented. The main methods for fabricating copper-based hybrid CMs are briefly mentioned. The influence of a combination of various types of reinforcing components and their volume or mass content on the mechanical, thermophysical and tribological properties of hybrid CMs based on copper is considered. A comparison of the characteristics of hybrid CMs with matrix alloys or metallic CMs of similar systems is given.
LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES OF HEAT-RESISTANT NICKEL-BASED ALLOY MANUFACTURED BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Hodinev I.A. , Gorbovets M. A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Monin S. A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Ryzhkov P. V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»
Published: January 2022

Low-cycle fatigue has been investigated under a «hard» loading cycle and under a «soft» loading cycle of a heat-resistant deformable VZh175 alloy at room and two operating temperatures at three asymmetry coefficients. The tests were carried out at a sinusoidal loading cycle with a frequency of 1 Hz. Comparison of stresses at «soft» and «hard» loading cycles is carried out. A comparison of the fatigue curve and a priori curves obtained using the characteristics of short-term strength is carried out.
In situ transverse osteotomy and locked mini plate for the correction of metacarpal rotational deformity
Authors: ADIYEKE Levent , KİBAR Birkan
Published: January 2022

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the radiological and clinical results of transverse osteotomy and fixation applications in rotation deformities due to metacarpal malunion.
Methods: A total of 18 fingers from 18 patients were enrolled in the study (14 males and 4 females). The average age of the patients was 32.8 ± 14.4 years (range: 18-58 years). The average follow-up duration was 19.7 ± 7.9 months (range: 7-36 months). All patients had a scissoring deformity which affected their daily activities or caused cosmetic problems.
Results: In all patients, the scissoring and overlapping deformities improved and in all osteotomies union was achieved. A total range of motion for the DIP, PIP, MP and wrist joints was achieved in all patients. The average DASH score was 5.2 ± 5.6 (range: 0-21.7), and the average VAS score was 0.8 ± 0.9 (range: 0-3). The average grip strength was 40.5 ± 10.2 kg (range: 19-55 kg) and 94% of the healthy side. There was no statistically significant difference in grip strength compared to the healthy side (p = 0.23). 14 excellent and 4 good scores were obtained based on Büchler criteria.
Conclusions: In situ transverse osteotomy and the locked miniplate method is effective and feasible in the treatment of metacarpal malunions with finger rotational deformities, given their ease of use, allowance of early movement, high union rates, and good results.
Persecución penal internacional de los crímenes cometidos durante el Paro Nacional en Colombia como salvaguarda de la democracia
Authors: Vargas Niño Santiago Alberto
Published: January 2022

Este artículo explora la posibilidad de remitir la situación del Paro Nacional de 2021 en Colombia a la Fiscalía de la Corte Penal Internacional. Tras realizar un breve recuento de aquellos hechos y de verificar que estarían excluidos del examen preliminar vigente, el autor señala que existen motivos razonables para creer que podrían constituir crímenes de lesa humanidad y que los casos que potencialmente surgirían de estos serían admisibles. A continuación, el escrito sugiere que la intervención de la Corte Penal Internacional en Colombia podría enviar un mensaje de repudio a las conductas que atentan contra la democracia. Las conclusiones ofrecen un llamado a que estos lamentables acontecimientos no queden impunes.