bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utah Young Adults Describe What They Wished They Had Learned in Sex Education: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Wever Claire , Gast Julie , Meier Cristian , Ward Lily
Published: September 2024

Utah implements an abstinence-based approach to sex education. However, research has found that abstinence-based sex education is associated with higher risk-taking behaviors, and youth would like more from their school-based sex education. This study examined what sex education information or programs young adults in Utah would have liked to receive during high school. Participants provided responses to a single open-ended question included in the Utah College Sexual Behavior Survey. The results of a thematic analysis show the emergence of four salient themes, including fundamental knowledge, contraception and sexually transmitted infection prevention, personal safety, consent, and abuse. Findings suggest that participants wanted sex education beyond just abstinence and stressed the importance of inclusive education. Recommendations for school nurses and the important role they play in delivering sex education include receiving education needed to teach sex education and working with school health educators to act as a resource.
Understanding the Within- and Between-Person Structure of Daily Psychopathology Among Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Zheng Hao , Zheng Yao
Published: September 2024

Previous investigations on the underlying structure of psychopathology symptoms primarily focused at the between-person level and among adult samples. This study used two independent Canadian samples with month-long daily diary designs to investigate daily psychopathology structure at both within- and between-person level among adolescents ( n = 99, 2,132 daily reports) and young adults ( n = 313, 6,431 and 4,018 daily reports at each wave). Four mainstream types of psychopathology structure were compared based on a comprehensive set of standards. The results suggest that the general factor of psychopathology ( p factor) derived from the higher-order and bifactor models performed similarly well at both within- and between-person levels, while the specific factors estimated in the bifactor models demonstrated low reliability and consistency over time. Psychopathology manifests as multidimensional at the within-person level but unidimensional at the between-person level. The current findings inform the development of future prevention and intervention programs by supporting the adoption of transdiagnostic treatment that addresses multiple psychopathology symptoms with a holistic approach.
Green Innovation Ecosystem Establishment Through Strategizing the Business Model in Public Sector
Authors: Pham Huy Quang , Vu Phuc Kien
Published: September 2024

The primary objective of this study is to create a novel research model to enhance our comprehension of accounting data analytics (ADA) and its influence on the green innovation ecosystem (GIE). This is achieved by examining the mediating effects of digital circular business model innovation (DCBMI) and internal control system (ICS) on the aforementioned variables. The data acquired from a convenience and snowball sample of respondents working in public sector organizations (PSOs) in Vietnam was analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) with the support of SmartPLS 4.1.0.2. The results demonstrated the substantial and positive impact of ADA on GIE. Additionally, the results ultimately showed that the relationship between ADA and GIE was partially mediated by DCBMI and ICS. This paper presents compelling pieces of evidence on the comprehension of ADA and its influence on GIE in PSOs. To that end, PSOs can utilize the knowledge acquired from this investigation to establish themselves as leaders in the implementation of ADA. Moreover, the study’s findings and discussion will assist the government in enhancing and systematically devising ways to promote the adoption of green innovation.
Red Pill Women: Heterosexual Fantasies in Misogynistic Spaces
Authors: Hoebanx Pauline
Published: September 2024

This study examines the motivations and strategies of women participating in the Red Pill Women’s subreddit, a community that espouses traditional gender roles while navigating the gendered expectations of neoliberal capitalism. Red pill adherents subscribe to the beliefs that biology determines how men and women act, and that men are naturally dominant over women. Drawing on a qualitative analysis of approximately 2,000 subreddit comments, this research examines how participants negotiate their identities within the framework of hegemonic femininity. The findings reveal that, while these women endorse traditional femininities, they actively engage in strategic negotiations to attain femininity premiums, such as social status, financial security, and access to “high-value” partners. Red Pill women selectively adapt Red Pill ideologies to minimize their loss of agency within the Red Pill framework. These gender negotiations are influenced by neoliberal pressures, emphasizing individual responsibility and self-optimization within patriarchal structures.
Empowering Daddy’s Little Girl: A Selective Review and Synthesis of Literature on Fathers’ Engagement With Daughters and its Potential to Empower Daughters
Authors: Corleis Viktoria , Lesch Elmien
Published: September 2024

Globally, research conducted over the last two decades has shown that fathers can positively impact their daughters’ well-being across various life domains. However, studies rarely locate these findings within the context of women’s empowerment. This synthetic review aims to do so by providing an integrated discussion of research relating to fathers’ contribution to daughters’ egalitarian gender socialization, and thus, women’s empowerment. This contribution may not be apparent upon examination of each research article in isolation. Collectively, the reviewed literature indicates that fathers indeed have the potential to empower their daughters and play a role in shaping daughters’ gendered beliefs, specifically when it comes to daughters’ confident engagement with themselves, romantic partners, and vocational and educational opportunities. Thus, we conclude that the father-daughter relationship should be viewed as a powerful site of gender construction that could be harnessed to enhance women’s empowerment. Avenues for future research are discussed.
Collapse of a cephalic arch stent: An atypical complication of hemodialysis vascular access
Authors: Marques Nídia , Paulo Núria , Ferreira Joana , Mansilha Armando , Coentrão Luís
Published: September 2024

Access dysfunction is a significant contributor to morbidity in hemodialysis patients. The cephalic arch is a common location of vascular stenosis, with a considerable risk of relapse. While covered stents demonstrated a higher patency rate when compared to percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, their placement has some issues. Stent collapse and guttering are well-documented in arteries but not in arteriovenous fistulas. This report describes an unusual case of a cephalic arch stent collapsing 1 month after its positioning, as evidenced by access dysfunction.
Efficacy of ultrasonography and color-Doppler for early prediction of hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula unassisted maturation
Authors: Chaudhary Shailendra K , Dikshit Nitin Arun , Yadu Neha , Parihar Anit , Kohli Neera , Dwivedi Durgesh Kumar
Published: September 2024

Background:

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure is a prevalent concern for patients with end-stage kidney disease on hemodialysis. Recognizing the efficacy of ultrasound Doppler in post-operative AVF evaluation, this study sought to discern the predictive capabilities of various ultrasonographic and color-Doppler metrics for early AVF outcomes.

Methods:

This single-center, prospective cohort study spanned 1 year and, post ethical clearance, included all patients who underwent native AVF creation surgery and were subsequently referred for standard post-operative ultrasound Doppler assessment. Parameters such as fistula size, cephalic vein area and diameter, and AVF flow velocity and rates were assessed on post-operative day 2, week 2, and week 6. These initial findings were juxtaposed with later outcomes to determine unassisted AVF results.

Results:

Of the initial cohort of 40 patients, 75% encountered AVF failure, whereas 25% realized successful unassisted AVF maturation. A notable observation was the significant variance in AVF flow rates as early as post-operative day 2. A threshold of >246 ml/min was indicative of successful unassisted AVF maturation, leading to a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 70%. Although the cephalic vein diameter on post-operative day 2 lacked a robust association with AVF outcomes, a cut-off of >3.4 mm, when combined with flow rate testing, augmented the cumulative sensitivity to 92%.

Conclusion:

Ultrasound Doppler stands out as a valuable quantitative imaging modality, adept at prognosticating AVF outcomes from as early as post-operative day 2. In particular, a flow rate exceeding 246 ml/min and a cephalic vein diameter surpassing 3.4 mm are salient indicators for the early prediction of successful AVF outcomes.
Mirroring journalistic work in newsroom metrics: A longitudinal study of Estonian journalists’ making sense of data
Authors: Ivask Signe , Pruulmann-Vengerfeldt Pille
Published: September 2024

While a substantial body of research has explored the intricate relationship between journalists and metrics, there remains a notable gap in systematically understanding how evolving metrics over time influence journalists’ use of data as feedback. This study addresses this gap by investigating how alterations in the most valued metrics influence the utilisation of audience data for reflection and feedback in national and local newsrooms. The study spans multiple waves from 2012 to 2023 and comprises 72 interviews with Estonian journalists. It employs the Data Loop framework to analyse the circulation of audience data among media institutions, audiences, newsrooms, and individual journalists’ reflexive actions. Examining data reflexivity within newsrooms involves considering the interplay between newsroom culture, metrics-gathering technology, external pressures from changing business models, and journalistic agency. Over time, the metrics valued by newsroom managers have shifted – from prioritising clicks as a measure of audience interest to rewarding journalists based on minutes spent on stories or the acquisition of subscriptions. In this article, we argue that instead of considering the audiences behind the data, journalists and editors mostly use the data offered by metrics to reflect on their work. Noteworthy trends include journalists conforming to data dominance and shaping their work to align with prevailing metrics, particularly in the context of paywalls where individual article readership can be linked with direct income through subscriptions. Contextualising newsroom data within the Data Loop, this study illustrates how data serves as a source for reflections at both the individual and newsroom culture levels. Despite assertions of an audience turn, our findings indicate that a focus on metrics does not necessarily signify a focus on the audience but rather an unwavering interest in journalistic production.
“Take a minute (or 60) to focus on yourself”: Using autophotography to explore postpartum physical activity experiences and associated psychological constructs
Authors: Lesser Iris A. , Bean Corliss , Ritondo Talia
Published: September 2024

The demands of motherhood have been shown to negatively impact physical activity (PA) engagement. Participants in a larger PA-based study in British Columbia, Canada were invited to participate in this sub study. Forty-eight photos and descriptions were provided by 9 participants with infants 3–7 months of age. Photos depicted challenges with PA, PA self-efficacy, body image and self-compassion in motherhood. We noted four themes that reflected the complex and gendered nature of postpartum PA engagement. First, gendered expectations of motherhood placed demands on time and space for PA engagement. Second, how mothers felt about their bodies both positively and negatively impacted their sense of self and PA engagement. Third, moments of self-compassion illustrated how navigating feelings of self-compassion about PA was messy. Fourth, PA self-efficacy was essential and required reimagining PA within the constraints of motherhood. In conclusion, PA postpartum is complex and impacted by broader concepts related to the expected duties of motherhood.
Microstructures and mechanical properties of Co-based Elgiloy fabricated by wire arc additive manufacturing
Authors: Shen Qingkai , Xue Jiaxiang , Zheng Zehong , Yu Xiaoyan , Ou Ning , Jin Li
Published: September 2024

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has emerged as a promising method for additive manufacturing due to its high efficiency and cost-effectiveness. This study aimed to fabricate Co-based Elgiloy by WAAM based on cold metal transfer technology. An 18-layers thin alloy wall was prepared. The microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of the as-deposited samples were investigated. Results indicated that the prepared alloy had good formability and was composed of a single face center cubic structure. The tensile properties of the alloy exhibited anisotropy due to the large number of columnar grains growing along the building direction in the alloy. The tensile samples along the building direction exhibited lower yield strength but better elongation due to the columnar grain growth direction and the softening effect of the remelted zone.
Continuing the conversation about echolalia and gestalt language development: A response to Haydock, Harrison, Baldwin, and Leadbitter
Authors: Venker Courtney E , Lorang Emily
Published: September 2024

Although gestalt language development incorporates some neurodiversity-affirmative strategies (e.g. embracing echolalia), it is also associated with numerous ideas, assertions, and clinical strategies that lack theoretical and empirical support. For this reason, we believe it is premature to embrace gestalt language development as a neurodiversity-affirmative practice. Given the potential for miscommunication, we must strive for clarity and precision in our terminology (e.g. making a clear distinction between delayed echolalia and the broader set of ideas that comprise gestalt language development). The field of autism will benefit from in-depth discussions about the relationship between neurodiversity-affirmative practices and evidence-based practices.

Lay Abstract

It was recently suggested that a set of ideas known as gestalt language development be embraced as a neurodiversity-affirmative practice. Neurodiversity refers to the idea that people interact with the world in many different ways and that there is not a single right way to do so. Some aspects of gestalt language development, such as embracing autistic communication, are consistent with neurodiversity. However, gestalt language development is also associated with numerous ideas, assertions, and clinical strategies that lack theoretical and empirical support. For this reason, we believe it is premature to embrace gestalt language development as a neurodiversity-affirmative practice. We propose that it is important to make sure we use language that differentiates between delayed echolalia and the broader set of ideas that comprise gestalt language development. We also suggest that it is important to discuss the relationship between neurodiversity-affirmative practices and practices supported by research evidence.
Reading latent values and priorities in TikTok's community guidelines for children
Authors: Turvy Alex
Published: September 2024

This mixed-methods study analyzes TikTok's Community Guidelines to understand how ByteDance balances competing priorities around protecting children. The analysis reveals that TikTok employs three interconnected strategies: scaffolding rules by age and risk, segmenting content with tailored policies, and siloing features from children. Underlying these are latent values of positivity, proactivity, and precision that serve priorities of appeasing stakeholders, preempting regulation, and fostering a positive public image. By examining how these strategies and values work together, the study contributes a novel analytical framework for understanding the complex dynamics of youth governance on platforms. The findings illustrate how platform policy documents strategically navigate complex tensions governing children's participation.
Visual narratives and the tourist gaze: Foreign tourists’ perceptions of rural Iran
Authors: Qeidari Hamdollah Sojasi , Seyfi Siamak , Soleymani Zahra , Sthapit Erose , Senbeto Dagnachew Leta
Published: September 2024

Photo-taking is frequently hailed as a powerful instrument for both consuming and constructing the tourist experience. This study, grounded in tourist gaze theory, aims to explore how foreign tourists create narratives and interpret rural landscapes in Iran through their photographic images. By analyzing visual representations shared on Flickr, a popular platform for travel photography, the research identifies key narratives that influence the construction and negotiation of the tourist gaze in these images. The findings offer new theoretical and practical insights into how visual storytelling shapes tourists’ perceptions and narratives especially in the frequently underrepresented rural settings of the Global South.
Market transactions and the limits of moral evaluation of cross-border interactions
Authors: Lister Matthew
Published: September 2024

In her important book Promoting Justice Across Borders, Lucia Rafanelli offers a detailed account of ‘reform interventions’, seen as ‘any deliberate attempt to promote justice in a foreign society’. Such interventions, she argues, can and should be subject to ethical evaluation, including standards relating to toleration, legitimacy, and collective self-determination. While I am sympathetic to many of Rafanelli's arguments, in this essay I will argue that, for a large number of cases this complex moral machinery is not needed, because the acts in question either are, or could be, morally indifferent when looked at from the perspective of interaction between members of the international community. In particular, I argue that many market or economic interactions between states fall into this morally indifferent zone, and so need not meet the standards set out by Rafanelli to be acceptable.
Effects of temporal light modulation on visual task performance in different modulation frequencies
Authors: Kang HR , Lee C-S , Lee JM
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the impact of temporal light modulation (TLM) generated by light-emitting diode lighting on visual task performance. Five lighting conditions were used in this study. One was a direct current, and the other four used pulse-width modulation with 60 Hz, 100 Hz, 400 Hz and 1000 Hz modulation frequencies, respectively. The study assessed participants’ performance in various visual tasks involving eye movements, including arithmetic problem-solving, linking numbers tasks and the CamBlobs™ Contrast Sensitivity test. The experimental results showed that the response time of visual tasks related to typical daily eye movements, such as the arithmetic problem-solving task and the CamBlobs™ Contrast Sensitivity task, were in proportion to the PstLM, which showed the influence of flicker. In contrast, the linking numbers task, which required more extensive eye movements and object movements, was more relevant to the stroboscopic visibility measure than [Formula: see text], which showed a higher influence of stroboscopic effect than flicker. These findings underscore the significance of considering TLM parameters when designing lighting systems for environments where visual tasks are crucial. This research contributes to our understanding of how light modulation affects human performance in visually demanding settings and has implications for optimising lighting design to enhance task performance.
Explaining youth aggression: A situational model of peer influence
Authors: Kennedy Laura
Published: September 2024

Youth aggression is an international public health problem that has major consequences for victims and perpetrators. Given the social nature of aggression, understanding the situational role of peers is critical for informing effective prevention strategies. However, traditional research on situational peer influence has been limited by the neglect of the person–environment interaction and the failure to theorise the action decision making process. This article responds to these challenges by applying and developing situational action theory (SAT) to theorise the situational mechanisms and conditions of peer influence. The situational model of peer influence presented in this article moves beyond traditional rational choice approaches by integrating interdisciplinary research on situational peer effects with SAT's dual-process model. This model specifies how and why the presence of aggressive peers influences the action decision making process that leads to aggressive behaviour. This article also describes the Peer Relations and Social Behaviour (PEERS) space-time budget method which is a recent methodological innovation that can be used to test this theoretical model. It concludes by outlining the main practical implications for the prevention of youth aggression.
Enhancing social presence in online learning through metaverse platform
Authors: Nguyen Thi-Huyen , Pham Xuan-Lam
Published: September 2024

The rapid growth of online learning has led to the exploration of various strategies for improving its effectiveness. One such strategy is the use of metaverse platforms, which are believed to enhance social communication and presence. This study aimed to investigate the impact of using GatherTown, a metaverse platform, on the social presence of online learning. The study involved a 2-week intervention with 148 students using GatherTown, and data were collected through a pre- and post-intervention questionnaire, as well as interviews with learners. The results indicate that the use of GatherTown positively influences the social presence of online learning. The learners reported higher levels of social presence after using GatherTown, which was attributed to the platform’s ability to facilitate social interaction and personalization of the learning environment. The interviews also revealed that the learners felt more engaged and connected to the learning community as a result of virtual space design. The results of this study shed light on the possible use of metaverse platforms to improve online learning.
Understanding European Universities Initiative as the limestone to cement Europe together: A review of existing literature
Authors: Galán-Cubillo Esteban , Serrano-Cobos Jorge , López-Navarrete Alberto J
Published: September 2024

Fostering a sense of belonging is ofthen seen as the foundation that unites Europe. Forty-four alliances were created among European universities since 2020. This initiative came about as a recognition of the lack of capacity of the European Union to create a European citizenship. This study focuses on summarising the results and lines of research within this European Universities Initiative (EUI) by completing action research and a review of existing literature. A scoping review was used to assign each of the articles found to one of the analytical variables: lecturers, students, and managers. Where a study fell into more than one category, it was assigned individually to each variable. The results show that most of the studies focus on a single university or country. Furthermore, there is a disproportionate interest in students, to the detriment of lecturers and managers. Based on the literature review analysis, the conclusions ascertain that the alliances need a full rebranding to achieve visibility and communicate their purpose. The application of an action research methodology has allowed the authors to identify the lack of branding of the initiative and they propose the term EuroAgora Digital University (EDU) to describe the new paradigm that these EDUs stand for. In the wake of the European Union’s efforts to forge a unified educational space, the European Universities Initiative (EUI) emerges as a pivotal experiment in fostering a European identity through higher education. This paper delves into the transformative potential of the EUI, set against the backdrop of ongoing debates about the Europeanisation of education and the quest for cohesive European citizenship.
Reform to Perform? Electoral Effects of Programmatic Change Among Mainstream Parties in Combination With a New Party Leader
Authors: Luypaert Jasmien , Wauters Bram , Kern Anna
Published: September 2024

One requirement for spatial election models to succeed is that voters are knowledgeable and can assess the parties’ programmatic stances (and changes therein) correctly. Studies find, however, that this requirement is only met to a limited extent. Instead, voters rely on certain cues to evaluate parties and their (changed) policy stances. Recent research shows that a new party leader can act as a clear heuristic for voters to correctly assess (changes in) party positioning. Moreover, along with a new party leader, the credibility of such policy shifts increases and these shifts are more noticeable to voters. Hence, we argue in this article that the electoral effects of programmatic shifts interact with the electoral effects of party leadership changes. To test this hypothesis, we conduct a multiple regression analysis investigating the potential electoral consequences of a change in programmatic stances on the Left–Right and GAL/TAN cleavage, a change in party leadership, and combinations of the two across 10 established democracies in 33 mainstream parties during a period of over 30 years. In contrast to our expectation, we do not find any evidence supporting the idea that combining programmatic reforms with a change in party leadership is rewarded at the ballot box.
Dental Coverage for Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Wolownik Gregory , Cohen Sally S.
Published: September 2024

Poor oral health has been associated with various systemic diseases (e.g., endocarditis, pneumonia, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes) and decreased quality of life. When enacted in 1965, Medicare excluded coverage for comprehensive dental services. As of 2023, Medicare has allowed coverage of limited dental services inextricably linked to specific medical conditions. Many Medicare Advantage plans (Medicare Part C) offer dental coverage. Yet in 2019, approximately 24 million Medicare beneficiaries (47% of all Medicare enrollees), lacked dental coverage. Seventy-one percent of traditional Medicare enrollees (those not enrolled in a Medicare Advantage Plan) reported that high cost was the primary reason that they did not obtain dental care. The importance of oral health for the older adults has been the main reason that a national interprofessional consortium, which includes several national nursing organizations, has been advocating for legislation to expand Medicare to include dental coverage. The consortium's efforts have been thwarted by fierce opposition from the American Dental Association and many Republican legislators. Given the vital role that nurses and advanced practice nurses play in caring for the nation's older adults and disabled, nursing's voice needs to be strengthened as leaders in advocating for inclusion of dental benefits in traditional Medicare.
Closed-loop Low-frequency stimulation: seizure reduction and more
Authors: Goodman Jeffrey H.
Published: September 2024

[Box: see text]
Bridging the Gap: A Community Advisory Board Promoting Community Engagement in Cancer Research for Ethnically Diverse Populations
Authors: Ogunsanya Motolani E. , Kaninjing Ernest , Morton Daniel J. , Dwyer Kathleen , Young Mary Ellen , Odedina Folakemi T.
Published: September 2024

Prostate cancer disproportionately affects Black men in the United States, leading to higher mortality rates and health disparities. In addition, based on historical mistreatment and discrimination and the resulting distrust of the medical system, Black populations are consistently underrepresented in health care-related research. Addressing these challenges requires community-driven approaches integrating diverse perspectives and fostering equitable health outcomes. This article describes the formation and impact of The Multidisciplinary Health Outcomes Research and Economics (MORE) Lab Community Advisory Board (CAB) at The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences. We purposefully recruited Black men with CaP and Black health care professionals to serve on a CAB and advise on ongoing research to address quality of life (QoL) issues in ethnically diverse Black CaP survivors. The CAB seeks to mitigate CaP disparities and improve health equity by empowering Black voices and promoting collaborative research practices. The MORE Lab CAB has successfully provided a venue for community members to contribute to designing a culturally relevant research program to improve the QoL in ethnically diverse Black men with CaP. The CAB has been instrumental in developing research goals and tools, implementing a series of town hall meetings to educate and support Black CaP survivors, and disseminating research findings. In conclusion, CABs are potentially critical in guiding research, enhancing community engagement, and advocating for culturally responsive health interventions.
Research on the configuration of electromechanical suspension based on inertial force attenuation structure
Authors: Song Huixin , Zhao Tong , Wang Xin , Gu Liang
Published: September 2024

To address the critical challenges impeding the progress and utilization of electromechanical suspensions, this paper examines the negative consequences of inertial mass on the acceleration of the sprung mass and structural reliability issues. It then introduces and optimizes two novel suspension configurations featuring a series buffering and damping structure (SBDS). Subsequently, a two-degree-of-freedom electromechanical suspension model with SBDS is proposed and formulated. Utilizing the probability method, the paper also derives the vibration transmission characteristic formulas for the SBDS-integrated suspension. Theoretical analysis suggests that the integration of SBDS is advantageous in reducing the inertial force generated by the inertial mass in electromechanical suspensions. Additionally, the impact of parameter variations in SBDS on suspension characteristics is examined, providing theoretical guidance for the design of this structure. Building upon the proposed suspension theory incorporating the novel SBDS configuration, a butterfly spring buffer is employed to replace the connecting rod in the traditional electromechanical suspension design. Bench tests validate that the new electromechanical suspension configuration with SBDS addresses the issue of performance degradation in the high-frequency range due to inertial mass, thereby enhancing the overall performance of electromechanical suspensions and facilitating their further development and application.
Statistical modeling and assessment of storage reliability of 771 silicone seals for electrical connectors
Authors: Qian Ping , Ding Qiaoling , Chen Wenhua , Chen Tiantao , Han Kunkun
Published: September 2024

In order to assess the reliability of electrical connector seals under storage environment, the failure analysis of 771 silicone seals for electrical connectors under storage environment determines that the failure mechanism of 771 silicone seals is mainly hydrolysis and oxidation of silicone matrix material. Based on the response surface design theory, the combination of temperature and humidity stress levels was determined, and the accelerated degradation test program of seals under combined temperature and humidity stress was constructed. Using the accelerated degradation test data, the degradation trajectory model of 771 silicone seals, the failure life distribution model, and the accelerated equation that characterizes the mathematical relationship between temperature and humidity and the life index of 771 silicone seals are established and validated at the statistical level, which realizes the reliability assessment of 771 silicone seals for electrical connectors in storage environments.
Community-led approaches to research governance: a scoping review of strategies
Authors: Doerksen Emily , Gunay Alize E. , Neufeld Scott D. , Friesen Phoebe
Published: September 2024

Around the world, a growing number of communities are voicing their demands for authority in the governance of research involving them. Many such communities have experienced histories of exploitative, stigmatizing, intrusive research that failed to benefit them. To better understand what strategies communities are developing in order to have a say in research oversight, we conducted a scoping review of the international peer-reviewed and grey literature. Three primary strategies were identified: (1) guidelines; (2) community review boards; and (3) community advisory boards. Guidelines include documents developed by, with, or for communities to outline ethical behavior or conduct in research with or within the community. Community review boards offer ethical review of research protocols, much like traditional research ethics boards, but are community led and focus on community interests. Community advisory boards consist of representatives from a given community and are developed to advise institutions or research teams on community-level ethical matters pertaining to research projects. Initiatives led by Indigenous communities far outnumbered others in the sample, reflecting the legacy of continuous Indigenous resistance to research as a tool of colonialism. In several cases, communities in marginalized neighbourhoods, where harmful and exploitative research practices have taken place, emphasized the significance of community-led governance grounded in shared geographical and social contexts. We discuss some of the beneficial and challenging features of each type of strategy and offer recommendations for stakeholders who wish to support community-led efforts in research ethics.
New frontiers in radioembolization
Authors: Mansur Arian , Habibollahi Peiman , Fang Adam , Mahvash Armeen , Etezadi Vahid , Liddell Robert P. , Camacho Juan C. , Cohen Emil I. , Kokabi Nima , Arepally Aravind , Georgiades Christos , Nezami Nariman
Published: September 2024

Radioembolization is a locoregional transarterial therapy that combines radionuclide and micron-sized beads to deliver radiation internally to the target tumors based on the arterial blood flow. While initially developed as a palliative treatment option, radioembolization is now used for curative intent treatment, neoadjuvant therapy, and method to downstage or bridge for liver transplant. Radioembolization has become increasingly utilized and is an important therapeutic option for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastasis. This article provides an overview of the techniques, challenges, and novel developments in radioembolization, including new dosimetry techniques, radionuclides, and new target tumors.
Canadian Real-World Study Long-Term Clinical Results Using Dupilumab for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Polyps
Authors: Kilty Shaun J. , Lasso Andrea
Published: September 2024

Background

Dupilumab, an anti-IL4 receptor-α monoclonal antibody, was the first biologic to be approved in Canada for the treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP). In phase III clinical trials, it has demonstrated to be effective in reducing nasal polyp size and the severity of symptoms, improve disease-specific quality of life, and to have an acceptable safety profile. This study aims to present long-term follow-up data on disease-specific sinonasal outcomes of patients with CRSwNP who have been treated with dupilumab for up to 3 years in a real-world setting.

Methods

Retrospective review of electronic medical records of a single Canadian rhinology center evaluating disease-specific sinonasal outcomes that are routinely collected for clinical care. This study included all patients who received dupilumab for the treatment of CRSwNP and who had completed at least one follow-up visit. The Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT)-22 was used to evaluate treatment symptom improvement.

Results

Ninety-nine patients started dupilumab therapy during the study period. The mean SNOT-22 at the start of therapy was 61.1 (±22.91) At the time of the review, 65 patients had completed 1 year of therapy, 40 had completed 2 years of therapy, and 18 had completed 3 years of therapy. The mean SNOT-22 score at these timepoints was 16.75 (±13.86), 15.02 (±14.40), and 10.22 (±11.56), respectively.

Conclusion

This real-world study shows that in patients with CRSwNP treated with dupilumab, improvement in disease-specific quality of life seen after 1 year continues and can be maintained at 3 years of treatment.
Three-Year Outcomes After Posterior Nasal Neurectomy in Perennial Moderate and Severe Allergic Rhinitis Patients
Authors: Zhang Bin , Wang Jiayan , Wang Wei , Xu Ting , Jia Xujing , Chen Manman , Xu Ming
Published: September 2024

Background

Posterior nasal neurectomy (PNN) has been shown to reduce the symptom burden of patients with perennial moderate and severe allergic rhinitis (AR).

Objectives

To evaluate the long-term safety and effectiveness of PNN for the treatment of perennial moderate and severe AR.

Methods

A prospective 3-year single-arm study was conducted in which the reflective total nasal symptom score (rTNSS) and total non-nasal symptom score (rTNNSS) were collected preoperatively and at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years postoperatively.

Results

A total of 213 patients with AR were recruited and received PNN, of whom 154 patients completed the 3-year follow-up. The mean rTNSS of the long-term follow-up patients improved from 7.74 (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.507-7.974) at baseline to 2.604 (95% CI 2.221-2.986), P < .001, at 6 months and showed sustained improvement to 3.156 (95% CI 2.806-3.506), P < .001, at 3 years. The mean rTNNSS ranged from 1.301 (95% CI 1.112-1.491) at baseline to 0.564 (95% CI 0.441-0.688) ( P < .001) at 6 months and showed sustained improvement to 0.641 (95% CI 0.533-0.749) ( P < .001) at 3 years. The rTNSS subscores (sneezing, congestion, rhinorrhea, and itching) and rTNNSS subscores (lacrimation, eye itching, postnasal drip, and cough) remained significantly improved from the baseline at all follow-up time points (all P < .001).

Conclusion

Posterior nasal neurectomy significantly and sustainably alleviated nasal and non-nasal symptoms of perennial moderate and severe AR and improved patient quality of life through 3 years postprocedure.
Suture Tying Force for Cut-Out during Radial Meniscus Tear Repair: A Biomechanical Evaluation of Failure Loads during the Knot-Tying Process
Authors: Massey Patrick A. , Dudoussat Edwin , Montgomery Carver , Scalisi Wayne , McBride Hayden , Rutz Robert , Solitro Giovanni F.
Published: September 2024

Objective

The purpose of the study was to determine average tensile forces resulting in suture failure while tying a knot during repair of complete radial meniscus tears and to compare the failure tensile force based on meniscus tissue location: the peripheral (red-red) versus inner (white-white).

Design

This study was designed as a cadaveric biomechanical study using 24 menisci harvested from fresh frozen cadaveric knees with midbody radial tears. Tears were repaired using 2-0 nonabsorbable suture in both the inner meniscus and the peripheral meniscus. A force gauge was used to measure the tension of a surgeon’s knot until failure of either the suture or the meniscus tissue. Statistical analysis was performed comparing suture failure tensile forces between inner and peripheral sutures using 2-sample t test.

Results

Suture repairs primarily failed due to meniscal tissue cut-out after suture tensioning (96%). There was no statistical difference in failure mode between medial and lateral meniscus for both the inner (100% cut-out) and the peripheral (92% cut-out; P = 0.703) sutures. The peripheral sutures failed as significantly higher loads (54 ± 26 N) than the inner sutures (36 ± 11 N, P = 0.006). The peripheral meniscus tissue tolerated significantly higher tension at failure (36 ± 7 N) than the inner meniscus (26 ± 7 N, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

When tying parallel sutures to repair a radial meniscus tear, suture tensile forces above 30 N may tear through meniscus tissue. Surgeons should not use suture tying forces above 30 N when repairing radial meniscus tears with parallel sutures. The peripheral meniscus can withstand higher knot-tying forces than the inner meniscus, so surgeons should consider tying the peripheral suture before the inner suture.
Solidarities in the quest for queer utopias
Authors: Feliciantonio Cesare Di
Published: September 2024

This commentary on Andrew Tucker's ‘A Sexuality Pivot’ highlights the relevance of his call in the face of violent backlashes against equalities experienced by queer people – especially trans. Solidarity through difference and beyond scale, I argue, is key for imagining and building queer utopias that exceed the boundaries of the violent present.
Fat embolism mimicking pulmonary embolism: A case report
Authors: Munagama Chathuri , Wanigasuriya Rasanee , Kumaran Arul , Matthias Thushara
Published: September 2024

Fat embolism syndrome is a rare clinical entity. The diagnosis is largely clinical, with the imaging studies supporting the clinical diagnosis. Here we present the case of a 19-year-old boy who presented with a tibial fracture and developed sudden onset shortness of breath on the following day. His clinical and investigation findings were suggestive of acute respiratory distress syndrome with fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea along with acute hemoglobin and platelet drop with positive fat globules. According to two clinical criteria, his diagnosis of fat embolism was established. The diagnostic dilemma arose when S1Q3T3 was seen in the electrocardiogram raising a doubt whether it could be a pulmonary embolism.
Game Over? Using (Not So) Innovative Interventions to Increase Digital Campaign Competence
Authors: Minihold Sophie , Lecheler Sophie , Vreese Claes de , Kruikemeier Sanne
Published: September 2024

Data-driven political campaigning strategies often remain a black box for citizens; however, educational interventions provide a means to enhance understanding, conscious evaluations, and skills. In this context, we term this combination digital campaign competence (DCC). We conducted an online pre-registered experiment in Austria ( N = 553) using a 2 × 2 between-subject design to compare intervention formats (reading a voter guide vs. playing a campaign game) and content framing (emphasizing risks vs. benefits of data-driven campaigning) plus a control condition. Results show no significant differences in framing on DCC. However, variations are observed among different formats, with the non-interactive voter guide proving to be the most effective one. Contrary to our expectations, the voter guide emphasizing the risks of data-driven political campaigning enhanced conceptual understanding levels, influenced evaluative perceptions, and aided skill development to detect highly targeted ads. We argue that innovative interventions do not always guarantee success in enhancing competencies.
“Beautiful Tone, Beautiful Heart?” Shinichi Suzuki's Pedagogy of Sound and Self
Authors: Wright Lindsay J.
Published: September 2024

Among performers and pedagogues of string instruments, “tone” is a term summoned often and valued deeply, yet seldom defined. While many traditional teaching approaches regard a young musician's tone as something that develops naturally with guidance, Japanese violinist Shinichi Suzuki (1898–1998) established a teaching method that challenged these traditional understandings. Insisting that neither tone nor talent were an “accident of birth,” Suzuki contended that every child can become musically fluent through an immersive approach that mirrors language acquisition. Focusing on string-playing communities in the U.S., this article examines the tensions surrounding Suzuki's philosophy—encapsulated by his oft-quoted aphorism, “beautiful tone, beautiful heart.” I argue that although Suzuki's approach disrupted certain hegemonic beliefs about tone, it has afforded the reification of others. Drawing upon archival footage and historical discourses, the first part of the article contextualizes Suzuki's pedagogical and philosophical interventions. The latter sections turn to outcomes that have fallen short of the method's promise. In particular, I consider a disturbing episode in the Suzuki community, in which celebrated Suzuki violinist William Preucil, Jr. was found guilty of sexual misconduct against multiple women in 2018, leading many to question the method's fundamental claims about the relationship between tone and character. Together, the article's sections emphasize tone's function as a floating signifier that relies on definitional looseness to obscure and perpetuate systems of power, within and beyond Suzuki communities. Despite Suzuki's many pedagogical successes, the method's disparate outcomes across lines of race and class offer a poignant reminder that even the wisest and most skillful teaching cannot fully counteract hegemonic forces that enable material advantages to masquerade as personal merit.
Discrimination and the Proliferation of Stressors: A Social Network Analysis
Authors: Zhao Jun , Gayman Mathew D. , Simon Jennifer , Arrington Kayland
Published: September 2024

This study offers one of the few investigations into the role of discrimination in the stress proliferation process. Using a community-based sample of adults and actor-partner interdepended models, our findings reveal an intra-personal spillover effect, wherein individuals experiencing direct discrimination also report heightened secondary stressors across various life domains (i.e., general life, romantic partnerships, employment, social and recreational activities, and the health of family/friends). We further demonstrate an inter-personal crossover effect, indicating that individuals whose close network members experience high levels of discrimination reported an increased number of secondary everyday stressors across various life domains. Notably, the stress proliferation stemming from vicarious discrimination is primarily confined to intimate partner ties and does not extend to kinship or non-family ties. This study extends the stress process research by advancing our understanding of discrimination's pivotal role in stress proliferation and illuminates the potential ripple effects of discriminatory experiences across social networks.