bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catalytic exploration metallic and nonmetallic nano-catalysts, properties, role in photoelectrochemistry for sustainable applications
Authors: Fawy Khaled Fahmi , Rodriguez-Ortiz Gabriel , Ali Arshad , Jadeja Yashwantsinh , Khan Hamayun , Pathak Piyus Kumar , Ahmad Sadaf , Naidu Kandi Satyam , Bhanot Deepak , Rahman Junaid Ur
Published: January 2025

This article provides an overview of the photoelectrochemistry of nano-catalysts, their advantages, mechanisms, and the interactions between nanostructures and reactivity. The applications of nanomaterials in various processes, such as dye degradation, toxicity elimination, HER, CO2RR, and OER were found paramount. The types of catalysis, including homogeneous, heterogeneous, enzymatic, photocatalysis, and photo electrocatalysis, elucidate their significance, and unique applications are also included. Advanced catalysts, from semiconductor nanomaterials to cocatalysts and surface modifications, are explored for their ability to harness light energy and drive efficient redox reactions. The emerging trends in electrocatalyst design, such as metal-free carbon catalysts, carbon nanotubes, graphene, nanodiamond, porous carbon, metal and carbon composite catalysts, and other metal and carbon composite catalysts are very important for future perspectives, therefore their consideration in this review has been focused. It also briefly discusses the advantages and disadvantages of nano-catalysts, including advanced catalysis, photogenerated charge carriers, redox reactions, and cocatalysts and surface modifications.
Exploring Relevant Features for EEG-Based Investigation of Sound Perception in Naturalistic Soundscapes
Authors: Haupt Thorge , Rosenkranz Marc , Bleichner Martin G.
Published: January 2025

A comprehensive analysis of everyday sound perception can be achieved using electroencephalography (EEG) with the concurrent acquisition of information about the environment. While extensive research has been dedicated to speech perception, the complexities of auditory perception within everyday environments, specifically the types of information and the key features to extract, remain less explored. Our study aims to systematically investigate the relevance of different feature categories: discrete sound-identity markers, general cognitive state information, and acoustic representations, including discrete sound onset, the envelope, and mel-spectrogram. Using continuous data analysis, we contrast different features in terms of their predictive power for unseen data and thus their distinct contributions to explaining neural data. For this, we analyze data from a complex audio-visual motor task using a naturalistic soundscape. The results demonstrated that the feature sets that explain the most neural variability were a combination of highly detailed acoustic features with a comprehensive description of specific sound onsets. Furthermore, it showed that established features can be applied to complex soundscapes. Crucially, the outcome hinged on excluding periods devoid of sound onsets in the analysis in the case of the discrete features. Our study highlights the importance to comprehensively describe the soundscape, using acoustic and non-acoustic aspects, to fully understand the dynamics of sound perception in complex situations. This approach can serve as a foundation for future studies aiming to investigate sound perception in natural settings.
Fxr1 Deletion from Cortical Parvalbumin Interneurons Modifies Their Excitatory Synaptic Responses
Authors: Scheuer Katherine S. , Jansson Anna M. , Shen Minjie , Zhao Xinyu , Jackson Meyer B.
Published: January 2025

Fragile X autosomal homolog 1 (FXR1), a member of the fragile X messenger riboprotein 1 family, has been linked to psychiatric disorders including autism and schizophrenia. Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons play critical roles in cortical processing and have been implicated in FXR1-linked mental illnesses. Targeted deletion of FXR1 from PV interneurons in mice has been shown to alter cortical excitability and elicit schizophrenia-like behavior. This indicates that FXR1 regulates behaviorally relevant electrophysiological functions in PV interneurons. We therefore expressed a genetically encoded hybrid voltage sensor in PV interneurons and used voltage imaging in slices of mouse somatosensory cortex to assess the impact of targeted FXR1 deletion. These experiments showed that PV interneurons lacking FXR1 had excitatory synaptic potentials with larger amplitudes and shorter latencies compared with wild type. Synaptic potential rise-times, decay-times, and half-widths were also impacted to degrees that varied between cortical layer and synaptic input. Thus, FXR1 modulates the responsiveness of PV interneurons to excitatory synaptic inputs. This will enable FXR1 to control cortical processing in subtle ways, with the potential to influence behavior and contribute to psychiatric dysfunction.
Local Exposure Effect of the 2018 South Korea Refugee Crisis
Authors: Lee Yoonseok
Published: January 2025

How do local natives react to a sudden influx of asylum seekers? Scholarship has consistently found that respondents exposed to a refugee crisis tend to exhibit an increase in anti-immigrant attitudes. However, because most such studies have been conducted in a Western setting, we have surprisingly little understanding of how natives would react in a different political setting, especially in an East Asian context. I use difference-in-differences analysis to examine how local natives reacted after the 2018 Jeju refugee crisis. Two independent studies show little evidence of increased hostility. Local residents who were equally or more anti-immigrant (on multiple dimensions) before exposure became less anti-immigrant after exposure than mainland residents. This finding contrasts with previous studies but also provides grounds for understanding the conditions under which an influx of asylum seekers can induce relatively positive reactions among local natives.
Esophageal perforation more than 10 years after anterior cervical spine surgery: a case report and literature review
Authors: Luo Hua , Wang Zhangfu , Mi Shuang , Pan Wenjun , Feng Xingbing , Hong Zhenghua
Published: January 2025

Esophageal perforation is a rare but serious complication that can occur post-cervical spine surgery. This case report presents the clinical course, diagnostic challenges and management strategies of a patient who had a late-diagnosis esophageal perforation after anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS).

A woman in her 50s underwent ACSS for cervical spondylosis. Three months postoperatively, she experienced persistent right neck and shoulder pain. Despite multiple consultations, an esophageal perforation was only diagnosed 10 years later when a neck mass ruptured, discharging food debris. Surgical management included removing the anterior cervical plate and reconstruction with a sternocleidomastoid muscle flap. Postoperatively, she faced wound complications, and the perforation failed to heal despite multiple debridement and stent placements. Ultimately, complete excision of the diverticulum, repair of the perforation and muscle flap reconstruction led to her recovery, with no recurrence over an 8-year follow-up.

We reviewed the literature on cases with esophageal perforation occurring more than 10 years after anterior cervical surgery and summarized the treatment experiences.

This case underscores the diagnostic challenges and delayed presentation of esophageal perforation post-ACSS. Early recognition and multidisciplinary management are essential. In cases of late perforation, hardware removal, diverticulum excision and a muscle flap are critical to achieving successful closure of the esophageal lesion, preventing recurrence and ensuring comprehensive repair. Addressing esophageal diverticula during perforation treatment is crucial to prevent recurrence and ensure thorough repair. This highlights the need for high clinical suspicion and a coordinated surgical approach to improve patient outcomes.
Needle tract seeding of thyroid cancer after biopsy of distant metastasis: a retrospective cohort
Authors: Hamadi Dana , Schmitz John J , Gu Chris N , Garner Hillary W , Kurup Anil N , Stan Marius N
Published: January 2025

Imaging-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy is currently the most common technique for the investigation of potentially malignant bone lesions. It allows precise needle placement and better visual guidance, leading to improved diagnostic accuracy. Needle tract seeding (NTS) is a rare complication of biopsies in general, and its true incidence remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the risk of NTS in patients with thyroid cancer who underwent bone biopsy. For our cohort, we extracted data from the electronic medical record at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester (Minnesota, USA). Inclusion criteria included patients with a history of thyroid cancer who underwent biopsy for bone metastasis between 1/1/2014 and 10/1/2023. We identified a cohort of 20 patients that fit our inclusion criteria. Of these 20 patients, 2 patients developed NTS after CT-guided bone biopsy. Cases of seeding had a larger tumor size, a more aggressive histopathological presentation, a significantly shorter duration between cancer diagnosis and bone metastasis, and underwent more tumor manipulation procedures, such as biopsy and radiofrequency ablation, in contrast to those without seeding. In conclusion, our study identified NTS to have an incidence of 10% after biopsies of bone metastasis related to thyroid carcinoma. These are likely the result of an interplay of risk factors, including tumor biology, penetrated tissues and procedural technical details. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm our findings and identify strategies to mitigate NTS.
Cardiovascular effects of tirzepatide
Authors: Sumithran Priya , Russell Anthony W , Zoungas Sophia
Published: January 2025

Tirzepatide is a first-in-class dual agonist at receptors for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) for the treatment of T2D and obesity, with unprecedented efficacy for glycaemic control, reductions in body weight and improvements in blood pressure and lipid profile compared with placebo and GLP-1 receptor agonists. To date, clinical trials of tirzepatide have fulfilled the requirement by regulatory authorities of demonstrated cardiovascular safety in high-risk patients. Whether cardiovascular benefits will be found with dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists remains uncertain, and the contribution of GIP receptor activation to cardiovascular risk has not been established. Several ongoing large-scale cardiovascular outcome trials for tirzepatide will provide a clearer understanding of where tirzepatide should be positioned in the treatment of established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or in people at high risk, in relation to current standard-of-care cardioprotective agents and approaches.
Absolute exponential stability of switching time-delay Lurie systems with the application to switching Hopfield neural networks
Authors: Wenxiu Zhao Wenxiu , Sun Yuangong
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the problem of absolute exponential stability analysis for switching time-delay Lurie system (STDLS) with all modes unstable. By proposing a novel switching time-varying Lyapunov–Razumikhin function, a computable sufficient condition is formulated to guarantee absolute exponential stability of STDLS under mode-dependent range dwell-time (MDRDT) switching. Especially, theoretical results are applied to switching delay Hopfield neural network. Simulations are served to illustrate the developed theory.
Eigenvalue problems for a k-Hessian-type equation
Authors: Yang Zedong , Bai Zhanbing
Published: January 2025

In this work, we focus on the eigenvalue problem for a class of k-Hessian-type equations. Under some suitable assumptions, we first determine the intervals of the parameter for the existence of nontrivial radial solutions. To this aim, we apply the eigenvalue theory and Jensen inequality. Finally, the behavior of the solutions with respect to the parameter is analyzed via Guo’s fixed point theorem.
On a sublinear nonlocal fractional problem
Authors: Molica Bisci Giovanni , Servadei Raffaella
Published: January 2025

This paper deals with existence results of nonnegative solutions for a one-parameter sublinear elliptic boundary-value problem driven by the classical fractional Laplacian operator. The existence of a weak solution for any parameter λ beyond the first resonance has been proved by using a slight variation of the classical Mountain Pass result due to Ambrosetti and Rabinowitz.
Radiology Technologists certified as Radioprotection Supervisors in Nuclear Medicine: current scenario
Authors: Senario Felix Bianca , Edineia da Cruz Geralda , Henrique Dias Vieira Pedro , Odilia Rodrigues Luz Maria , Modesto Gadelha Gontijo Rodrigo
Published: January 2025

The presence of a radiological protection supervisor is mandatory in the staff of a nuclear medicine service according to the CNEN-NN-3.05 standard. To obtain the certification of qualification as a radiological protection supervisor, it is necessary, in addition to taking the general and specific tests, to graduate from a higher education course recognized by the Ministry of Education in the areas specified by legislation. This study analyzed the number of professionals trained in radiology technology certified as supervisors of radiological protection in nuclear medicine in Brazil. For this analysis, only the list available on the regulatory agency's website up to the date of preparation of this study was considered. Of the 326 professionals found, only 2.76% have academic training in radiology technology, while physicists and physicians together represent more than half of the radiological protection supervisors (65.65%). These results show that, although the field of radiological sciences and the Radiology Technology course, specifically the one offered by the Federal University of Minas Gerais, allow students to complete their undergraduate studies able to enter this job market and act as radiological protection supervisors, there is a lower number of these professionals' certificates in this field. The study provided a parameter on the state of the art of higher education in Radiologic Technology and the insertion and interest of these professionals in certification when compared to other fields of study.
Tourism as an “Engine” of Modernization in Venezia Giulia during the First Years of the Italian Administration
Authors: Kavrečič Božeglav Petra
Published: January 2025

The paper’s aim is to discuss whether tourism acted as an engine of modernization in rural areas. It focuses on the case of the south-eastern part of the Italian province of Venezia Giulia, namely the Istria (Pula/Pola) province. The territories assigned to Italy after the end of the First World War, especially the rural areas, were mainly underdeveloped. Within the modernization process and build of infrastructure, the Italian state also recognized tourism as a possible booster of growth and progress.
Factors influencing Bromage score in post-spinal anesthesia patients
Authors: Karnina Resiana , Rahayu Nandya Satyaning , Faruk Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Bromage score is used in assessing patients post-spinal anesthesia while the patient is in the recovery room. Patients can be transferred to the treatment room from the recovery room if they have achieved a Bromage score of <2. Post-anesthesia recovery is significant to pay attention to because if there are obstacles in post-anesthesia recovery, it will cause some complications that the patient needs a long time in the treatment room. Several factors may be related to Bromage score, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical status, age, gender, the dose of local anesthetic drugs, and other factors. 
Methods: This type of research Observational Analytics used secondary data with a cross-sectional study design with 327 participants. Data analysis using coefficient contingency correlation test. 
Results: The majority of 315 (96.6%) patients achieved a Bromage score of 1, with the highest number of patients aged (12-45 years). Patients with ASA physical status 1, a male and spinal anesthetic with a dose of Bupivacaine 10 mg – 15.5 mg achieved the most Bromage score 1. There was a significant relationship between gender and Bromage score in patients after spinal anesthesia, p-value = 0.048 (p-value < 0.05).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between sex and the Bromage score, and there is no significant relationship between ASA physical status, age, and local anesthetic dose with the Bromage score.
High maternal homocysteine (Hcy) levels as a risk factor of preterm labor: a case-control study
Authors: Wiradnyana Anak Agung Gede Putra , Kusuma Anak Agung Ngurah Jaya , Suwardewa Tjokorda Gde Agung , Suardika Anom , Aryana Made Bagus Dwi , Budiana Nyoman Gede , Mahayasa Putu Doster , Kusuardiyanto IP Popy
Published: January 2025

Background: Preterm labor is a serious perinatology problem with the consequences of increasing morbidity and mortality in neonates. Increased levels of homocysteine (Hcy) in serum have been reported to play a role in the pathogenesis of various pregnancy complications, including preterm labor. This study aimed to determine whether serum. Hcy levels are a risk factor for preterm labor.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted from January to June 2021. The case and control group included a consecutive woman with preterm and term labor. Homocysteine level was measured from maternal blood samples during labor. Maternal age, parity, and body mass index (BMI) data were also collected and compared between those two groups.
Results: A total of 30 preterm deliveries and 30 term deliveries were included in the study. The mean Hcy level in the preterm group was 17.26±6.814 mmol/L and in the term group was 9.788±4.532 mmol/L. Serum Hcy levels were classified as high (≥12.85 mmol/L) and low (<12.85 mmol/L) level. High serum Hcy level increased the risk of preterm labor by 9.118 times compared to low Hcy (p=0.001; 95% CI=2.581 – 32.211). There was no significant association between age, parity, and BMI with preterm labor (p>0.05).
Conclusion: High maternal serum Hcy level is a risk factor for preterm labor. Prospective studies with larger samples are required to confirm these results.
A comparative study of full-thickness wound healing in rats using Nile tilapia skin and fresh human amnion
Authors: Sastri Nyssa Claresta Adhya , Saputro Iswinarno Doso , Zarasade Lobredi
Published: January 2025

Background: Human amnion contains several growth factors, inflammatory inhibitors, collagen and hyaluronic acid, which are proven to accelerate wound healing. The collection, processing, and storage of data have several limitations, especially in remote areas. Nile Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) skin contains amino acids, collagen, and tilapia piscidin, which allows it to be used as a xenograft. This study analyzes the effectiveness of tilapia fish skin compared to the fresh human amnion.
Method: Twenty-four rats were divided into three groups. Group, I was a full-thickness wound treated with tilapia skin, group II was treated with fresh human amnion, and group III was a control. On the third day, a punch biopsy was performed. The granulation tissue thickness and collagen density were examined. A wound area measurement and histopathological examination of the entire wound were performed on the seventh day.
Results: The speed of epithelialization in the tilapia group compared to the amnion was not significantly different (p = 0.065). On the third day, histopathologically, the tilapia group formed the same amount of granulation tissue as the amnion group. In the middle section between tilapia, amnion and control with the Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference (p = 0.573). There was no significant difference in collagen density on the third day between the three groups at the edges and in the middle of the wound (p = 0.097 and 0.253). The Mann-Whitney test on the seventh day found that the density of collagen between tilapia and amnion groups was not much different (p = 0.126).
Conclusion: The speed of epithelialization, growth of granulation tissue, and collagen density of wound healing in full-thickness rats were not significantly different between Nile tilapia skin and fresh human amnion. The skin of Nile Tilapia fish can be used for wound care or as a temporary biological dressing until the wound can be permanently closed.
The effect of ethanol extract of green meniran leaves (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) in a mixture of calcium hydroxide and 2% chlorhexidine digluconate on matrix metalloproteinase-9, transforming growth factor-1 levels, osteoclast, and osteoblast cells in Wist
Authors: Widiadnyani Ni Kadek Eka , I Nyoman Mantik Astawa  , I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa  , I Dewa Made Sukrama  , I Made Bakta  , Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba  , I Wayan Suardana  , I Made Sudarmaja
Published: January 2025

Background: Infections of the dental pulp and periapical tissues involve bacteria which can induce and enhance the immune response of the dental pulp but are not effective in eliminating root canal bacteria. A study was conducted to determine the effect of giving ethanol extract of green meniran leaves (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) in a mixture of calcium hydroxide and 2% chlorhexidine digluconate on the chronic inflammatory response in periapical tissue by measuring MMP-9, TGF-β1 levels, osteoclast, and osteoblast cells count.
Methods: An experimental design with a post-test-only control group design involving 24 right molars of male Wistar rats divided into 4 groups. Each group consisted of 6 rats (K-) bacteria, (K+) bacteria, calcium hydroxide and 2% chlorhexidine digluconate, (P1) bacteria, calcium hydroxide and 10% meniran extract, (P2) bacteria, calcium hydroxide, 2% chlorhexidine digluconate and 10% meniran extract}. Examination of MMP-9, TGF-β1 levels, and the number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts were evaluated until day 14.
Results: The administration of ethanol extract of green meniran leaves (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) in a mixture of calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament (P1) which was evaluated for 14 days overall showed a significant difference between groups (p<0.005). This condition can be seen in the group (P1), which has a lower MMP-9 level of 2465.88 pg/mL compared to the group (P2), (K+), and (K-). The levels of TGF-β1 in the group (P1) were 181.57pg/mL, lower than the group (P2), (K+), and (K-). The number of osteoclast cells in the group (P1) was 1.67, which was lower than the group (P2), (K+), and (K-) was 5.00. The number of osteoblast cells in the (P1) group was 52.67, higher than the 32.17 group (P2), (K+), and (K-).
Conclusion: Green meniran extract (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) and its role as an intracanal medicament in teeth with chronic apical periodontitis.
Two-stage revision cartilage septorhinoplasty in an Asian female patient with severe short and saddle-nose: a case report of difficult revision rhinoplasty
Authors: Nataatmadja Beta Subakti , Lumintang Loelita Marcelia , Widiartha Nyoman Bayu , Yasa Nyoman Wawan Tirtha , Suriana Sang Nyoman
Published: January 2025

Background: Iatrogenic short-nose and saddle-nose deformities due to previous alloplastic implants remain the most challenging secondary rhinoplasty, particularly among Asian patients. Cartilage framework reinforcement, dorsal augmentation, sufficient nasal tip projection, and proportional nasal length are considered essential for Asian features. This study aimed to elaborate on full rib and ear cartilage revision rhinoplasty in a patient with those problems.
Case Presentation: A difficult case of a 31-year-old female with short-saddle-nose deformity due to infected silicone implant rhinoplasty is presented. A history of nose filler and thread lift was also reported. We noted a short and under-projected nose, indented scarring, dorsal irregularities, retracted columella, severe septal losses, and high trans-columellar incision scars. We conducted two stages of revision: (1) Secondary septorhinoplasty with the seventh costal graft and right concha cartilage, then alar-plasty and (2) Tip-plasty and columellar shield graft with left concha cartilage. Anatomic improvements, complications, and patient satisfaction responses were documented. The improvement of nasal length (39-46-48 mm), nasal tip projection index (0.5-0.59-0.63), nasofrontal angle (150-137-137°), nasolabial angle (117-85-93°), columella-lobular angle (60-45-42°), columellar show (0-0.5-2 mm), and alar flare (4.5-2.6-2.3 mm) on the pre-operative, first, and second stage were noted. No sign of significant absorption and wrapping was observed in both stage.
Conclusions: Short and saddle-nose deformity is considered one of the most challenging issues in rhinoplasty surgery. This finding is expected to create grounded perspectives among the young surgeons, also well-balanced and sensible beliefs on the final results among the patients.
Pancreatolithiasis: a case report
Authors: Arland Chandra  , Lesmana Tomy
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Pancreatolithiasis is a rare medical condition and, most of the time, is a sequelae of chronic pancreatitis. The most common etiology is alcoholism and smoking. While its pathogenesis is not yet clear, two hypotheses explain that inflammation and lithostatin deficiency are two of the main cause of stone formation inside the pancreatic duct. The main purpose of treatment is stone extraction and pain improvement. While its recurrence is quite high, surgery as one of the treatments of choice, still gives decent stone-free rate and pain improvement.
Case: Male 49 years old with epigastric pain radiating to his back and nausea. Abdominal Magnetic Resonance Imaging showed multiple hypointense pancreatic stone measuring approximately 8 mm with dilatation of the pancreatic duct and distal common bile duct measuring approximately 15 mm and 12 mm. Modified Puestow procedure was performed in this patient. An incision was made starting from the neck to the distal of the pancreas.
Conclusion: Pancreatolithiasis is a challenge for diagnosis, accurate diagnosis and open surgery is the definitive therapy in cases of pancreatolithiasis
Performance comparison between Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction and AbTes Real-time polymerase chain reaction with the gold standard of microscopy imaging detection method
Authors: Wardhani Puspa , Aryati  , Nur Chamidah
Published: January 2025

Background: Microscopy imaging-based detection is the main component of the malaria diagnostic test. The healthcare technician’s skill and experience will influence the results of the malaria microscopy examination. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is another sensitive detection technique that can be used as a diagnostic tool. PCR methods can be based on the conventional method or Real-time PCR. Real-time PCR is said to be more sensitive than the conventional one.  This study aimed to compare the performance of Malaria microscopic imaging, Conventional PCR, and Real-time PCR (abTESTMMalaria qPCRII) for detecting Plasmodium in human blood.
Methods: This research was a cross-sectional analytical study that successfully generated 150 specimens from November 2018 to June 2019. Blood samples were examined using microscopy imaging detection, RT-PCR, and conventional PCR.  Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the performance of each test, which was significant if p < 0.05.
Results: A total of 150 participants were recruited. Ninety-eight subjects were detected positive by microscopic method and then compared to RT-PCR and conventional PCR. Plasmodium vivax dominated the features of the subject in all three tests. The tests show several multiple infections, like double and triple infections, especially when done by RT-PCR (28.6%). Mann-Whitney analysis revealed the significant difference between microscopic detection and  Real-Time PCR AbTes in detecting P falciparum (Pf), P vivax, and P malariae (Pm) (p<0.05). PCR Conventional and Real-time AbTes also differed significantly while evaluating  Pm.
Conclusion: Real-time PCR (abTEST Malaria qPCRII) positivity was beyond microscopic imaging and conventional PCR. It also shows significant differences with another test detecting P falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and P malariae.
The role of Resveratrol as a neuroprotective agent in the prevention of retinal ganglion cell loss in ischemic reperfusion injury animal model: a literature review
Authors: Prasetya Amelia Shinta , Komaratih Evelyn , Sasono Wimbo , Chrysanti Mercia , Larasati Maria Debora Niken , Sudiana I Ketut
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/lODjSgZ6vm0
 
Background: Glaucoma is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by glaucomatous optic neuropathy, including loss of retinal ganglion cells and axons. Optic neuropathy causes progressive vision loss and is managed by reducing intraocular pressure. However, even when the intraocular pressure has dropped to normal, the damage to the retinal ganglion cells may linger in certain situations. Thus, commence investigations on natural sources such as neuroprotection to prevent the loss of retinal ganglion cells.
Methods:  This literature review compiles and elaborates on previous studies to support future experimental studies that will be conducted to comprehend the effect of intravitreal Resveratrol as a glaucoma treatment to prevent the loss of retinal ganglion cells.
Results: Resveratrol is a naturally occurring phenol and phytoalexin detected in the skins of grapes and berries like raspberries, blueberries, and mulberries. Resveratrol inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis as well as lengthens the life span of nerve cells via multiple mechanisms. Resveratrol treatment can reverse the progression of apoptosis, preserve mitochondrial membrane potential by reducing caspase-3, and inhibit cytochrome-C release, enhancing cell survival, as shown in many previous studies. Before the systemic administration of resveratrol in eye disease, it is necessary to consider the presence of the blood-ocular barrier—about 10 out of 35 eyes detected resveratrol in the conjunctiva after oral trans-resveratrol supplementation. Several studies have administered intravitreal injections of resveratrol to increase intraocular resveratrol concentrations.
Conclusion: Resveratrol may be utilized as an alternative adjuvant treatment for glaucoma due to its antioxidant and antiapoptosis properties.
Epidemiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Manado City: 2015-2020
Authors: Pinontoan Odi Roni , Kandou Grace Debbie , Sumampouw Oksfriani Jufri , Nelwan Jeini Ester
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/7n3AouxhDVk
 
Introduction: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus transmitted through the bite of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. DHF is still a significant health problem in Indonesia, especially in Manado. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiology trend of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Manado City in 2015-2020.
Methods: This ecological research was conducted in Manado City from February to July 2023. This research used secondary data from the Manado Health Office. Data analysis was carried out univariately.
Results: This study showed that since 2011-currently, four peaks of dengue fever were found, namely in 2012 (308 cases), 2016 (521 cases), 2019 (589 cases), and 2022 (598 cases). The prevalence of dengue cases decreased significantly in 2016-2017 and 2019-2020, with the lowest decrease occurring in 2019-2020. Furthermore, it was found that the distribution of dengue fever in Manado City in 2015-2020 based on sex increased in 2016 and 2019 and, decreased in 2017 and 2020, and was more dominant in the male sex. The highest distribution of dengue fever in Manado City in 2015-2020 was found in the age group of 6-11 years, followed by 0-5 years.
Conclusions: It can be concluded that the prevalence of DHF in Manado City fluctuates every year, mainly in Mapanget and Malalayang subdistricts; most sufferers are male and aged 6-11 years.
Relationship between SOFA score and length of hospitalization for sepsis patients in the intensive care unit of a single institution
Authors: Karnina Resiana , Sugiarto Adhrie , Manggala Sidharta Kusuma , Yulasutu Briliana
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The SOFA score is used to assess the severity of the disease and describe sepsis complications in terms of organ failure in septic patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Sepsis complications affect the length of stay, causing concern for the family of the patient and increased treatment costs. Therefore, an assessment of organ dysfunction using the SOFA score can predict a prognosis based on the description of complications that occur in patients in the ICU. The current study aimed to determine the relationship between SOFA score and length of stay for sepsis patients at our institution.
Methods: This study used an analytical observational research method with a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of sepsis patients who were treated in the ICU, with a total sampling technique based on the form of medical records. The data collected in this study included age, SOFA score, and length of stay. The data was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test.
Results: This study evaluated 180 samples and found that 96 sepsis patients (53.3 %) had SOFA scores greater than 11. The length of stay was highest in the 3 to 7-day group, with a total of 108 patients (60.0 %). The analysis of the relationship between the SOFA score and the length of stay of sepsis patients in the ICU resulted in a significance value of p = 0.012 and a correlation coefficient of 0.628.
Conclusion: A significant positive correlation existed with a moderate association between the SOFA score and the length of stay in sepsis patients in the ICU.
Microvessel density as predictor chemotherapy in locally advanced colorectal cancer
Authors: Yustina Maria , Lesmana Tomy , Rahniayu Alphania , Danardono Edwin , Septarendra Denny
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The role of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced colorectal cancer (LACRC) has been increased the overall survival. We must consider the benefit and disadvantage of neoadjuvant therapy for LACRC, otherwise window for surgery diminish in progressive disease.  The growth of the tumor requires neoangiogenesis, and more aggressive the cancer, more active the angiogenesis. Micro Vessel Density (MVD) is the result of angiogenesis. In our simple thought, the tumor with rich vascular has better chemotherapy response due to enhance chemotherapy drug’s delivery. But the preclinical and clinical studies report that vascularity of the tumor is unlike normal tissue, tumor vascular is leaky and tortous, hence the interstitial fluid pressure increase, resulted in ineficiency of chemotherapy and oxygen delivery. This study aims to determine whether MVD beneficial as predictor of chemotherapy response in LACRC.
Methods: Fifty-one patients underwent colonoscopy biopsy and diagnosed with LACRC. The patient underwent abdominal CT scan for staging. They were treated with neoadjuvant FOLFOX (leucovorin, fluorouracil, oxaliplatin) and then underwent abdominal CT scan for evaluation chemotherapy response. The response of chemotherapy assessment based on RECIST criteria which classified into progressive disease, stable disease, partial response and complete response. MVD was examined using endothelial marker CD31 from the paraffin block from biopsy colonoscopy specimen 
Results: A total of 51 patients enrolled in the study, 27 (52.9%) responded to chemotherapy. The chemotherapeutic response was partial response in patients with well-differentiated pathological grade, but not statistically significant (n =20 (39.3%), p-value = 0.556, p >0.05). The MVD CD31 ranges between 7 – 82, the mean is 31.04, low MVD is identified in 25 patients and high MVD is identified in 26 patients. In this study, no significant correlation was recorded between gender, staging TNM, histologic grading, location of lesion and accuracy of chemotherapy and response of chemotherapy, the p-value is 0.809, 0.156, 0.298, 0.556, 0.573, and 0.259 respectively.  There is no statistically significant correlation between MVD and response to chemotherapy (OR: 0.92; CI 95%: 0.30-2.79; p = 0.991)
Conclusion: Pre-treatment CD31 micro-vessel density could not be used to predict neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in LACRC.
Clinical outcomes of chronic radicular lumbosacral pain following epidural triamcinolone injection
Authors: Hammado Nurussyariah , Akbar Muhammad , Usman Muhammad Andry , Bukhari Agussalim , Zainuddin Andi Alfian , Emril Dessy R , Hatta Mochammad , Bintang Andi Kurnia , Tammasse Jumraini , Wuysang Audry Devisanty
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/p0XGijpKxwE
 
Introduction: Chronic radicular lumbosacral pain or CRLP is a unilateral or bilateral subjective sensation in the median or paramedian lumbar and/or sacral area radiating down to the leg of the involved nerve roots. Lately, it has been treated using epidural triamcinolone injection, but has limited measurement in pain scale and degree of disability. HMGB-1 has been considered to have a significant role in the chronicity of LBP. This study aims to determine changes in levels of the inflammatory biomarker HMGB-1 associated with clinical outcomes of CRLP after epidural triamcinolone injection.
Methods: This was an experimental study using a single-blind randomized control trial design, measuring changes in the degree of pain and disability using the pain scale and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) and analyzing HMGB-1 protein levels. Serum HMGB-1 was analyzed using the ELISA method. 57 participants were involved in the study and were divided randomly into 2 groups. Normalization of data distribution was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; the outcome in each group were tested using the independent T-test and comparison of changes was tested using the Mann-Whitney U test; The correlation direction and strength between clinical outcomes and biomarker levels were tested using the ANOVA and multiple linear regression.
Results: The measurements of HMGB-1 protein levels before and after intervention in patients with CRLP pain showed a significant decrease in serum HMGB-1 on day 7 and was more significant in the intervention group. In comparative measurements of clinical outcomes measured by the pain scale and ODI before and after intervention, it was found that improvements in pain scales and disability scores were measured on the 7th day; this reduction was more significant in the intervention group.
Conclusion: There was an improvement in the clinical outcome after epidural triamcinolone administration was analyzed from serum HMGB-1 protein levels.
A 20-year-old man with hemopneumothorax caused by penetrating thoracic trauma: a case report
Authors: Chandra David , Edwar Pesta Parulian Maurid
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/IgxLxMUB4Xk 
 
Background: 20–25% of trauma-related deaths are caused by thoracic injuries, which also contribute to 25–50% of patient deaths. An increasing number of critically injured but potentially salvageable patients are reporting to trauma centers as a result of the rising occurrence of penetrating chest injuries and the advancements in prehospital and perioperative care. Up to 80% of patients with penetrating chest injuries can be treated conservatively; in other situations, a sternotomy/thoracotomy (3%) or tube thoracostomy (18%) may be required. This case report aims to present a case of hemopneumothorax as a consequence of penetrating thoracic trauma.
Case presentation: A 20-year-old male patient referred to Dr. Soetomo General Hospital a tertiary referral hospital massive hemopneumothorax dextra post water seal drainage to be underwent surgical resuscitation by open thoracotomy procedure then right internal mammary ligation and pericardial repair surgery. Patient’s condition steadily improved after the operation. Chest penetrating thoracic trauma caused by applying a mechanical force directly and abruptly to a focused location can cause penetrating injuries. By stretching and crushing tissue, a knife or projectile causes damage, which is often limited to the tissues in the route of penetration. The Patient with significant chest injuries needs to be managed with adequate analgesics and chest physiotherapy.
Conclusion: Clear treatment algorithms and uniform assessment in chest penetrating trauma are essential for effective management. A substantial number of patients can be saved by conducting the primary survey and beginning with interventions that can save patient lives.
Mortality of brain injury patients undergoing early and late tracheostomy at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya
Authors: Hanindyo Riezky Beksono  , Wibowo Marjono Dwi , Danardono Edwin
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Opinions regarding the best time to perform a tracheostomy are still being debated. In contrast, the outcomes regarding the installation of an early and late tracheostomy in patients with brain injury still require further study. This study aims to determine the prevalence of mortality in brain injury patients who underwent early tracheostomy and late tracheotomy at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, in 2022-2023.
Method: This research is an observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using medical record data. The study sample included all patients with brain injuries who had undergone tracheostomy installation at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, from January 2022–May 2023.
Results: In this study, 159 patients underwent tracheostomy surgery at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, from January 2022 to May 2023, with a mean patient age of 32.6 (±18.6) years. It was found that the majority of patients with brain injuries who underwent tracheostomy had a severe degree of brain injury 26 (86.7%). In comparison, only 4 patients (13.3%) met the criteria for moderate brain injury. The outcome for most patients was death (63.3%), and only 11 patients (36.7%) were alive. Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) and septic shock are the most common causes of mortality (31.6%). In addition, mortality in brain injury patients who underwent late tracheostomy was higher than early tracheostomy.
Conclusion: The prevalence of mortality in brain injury patients undergoing late tracheostomy is higher than early tracheostomy, with the most common causes of mortality being MODS and septic shock.
The influence of health education on mothers' knowledge in handling toddlers' febrile seizures
Authors: Novita  , Tuty Yanuarti  , Achmad Fauzi  , Hadwiyani Oktine , Wijannatin
Published: January 2025

Background: UNICEF estimates that approximately 12 million children die every year due to febrile seizures. The incidence of febrile seizures in the world is estimated to reach 4-5% of the population in the United States, South America, and Western Europe. In Indonesia, the incidence of febrile seizures was 3% - 4% in children aged six months - 5 years in 2017 (6.5%). The incidence of febrile seizures in DKI Jakarta is 2-3% out of 100 children. The impact of febrile seizures can result in physical disabilities in children, mental disabilities, behavioral disorders, and even death. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of health education on maternal knowledge in handling febrile seizures in toddlers.
Method: Quasi-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study was all mothers with toddlers who visited PMB Oktine Hadwiyani, East Jakarta, in December 2023, totaling 30 people. The sampling technique is total sampling.
Results: Most respondents were aged 20-35, had secondary education, and were not working. The respondents' knowledge level before the intervention was mostly poor (56.7%), and most were good (73.3%) afterward. There is an influence of providing health education on maternal knowledge in handling febrile seizures in children aged 1-5 years (p-value 0.000).
Conclusions: Providing health education influences mothers' knowledge in handling febrile seizures in children aged 1-5 years. Medical personnel should provide education to the community so that mothers of toddlers know how to treat febrile seizures.
The effect of MLC901 therapy on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte-ratio, BDNF, MoCA-INA score, and Barthel-index score in traumatic brain injury patients
Authors: Kusuma Gede Febby Pratama , Maliawan Sri , Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus , Budayanti Ni Nyoman Sri , Senapathi Tjokorda Gde Agung , Laksmidewi Anak Agung Ayu Putri
Published: January 2025

Background: An intervention is needed to prevent secondary-brain-injury (SBI) post-traumatic-brain-injury (TBI) and improved the patient’s clinical outcome. Recent pre-clinical studies found that MLC901, a phytopharmaceutical supplement, has the neuroprotective and neuroregenerative potential to prevent SBI post-TBI. This study aimed to clinically prove the neuroprotection and neuroregeneration effects of MLC901 therapy on TBI through the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte-ratio (PLR), BDNF, MoCA-INA score and Barthel-Index (BI) score.
Methods: A randomized-control-group pretest-posttest study in TBI-patients was conducted. Patients were divided randomly into control (standard therapy) and treatment (MLC901 and standard therapy) groups. All of the patient was treated and followed prospectively. The patient’s data such as age, sex, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, educational status, NLR, PLR, BDNF levels, BI and MoCA-INA scores were documented and analyzed to get the results.
Results: There were no significant characteristic differences between groups before the therapy started. Combination of MLC901 and standard therapy significantly reduced the NLR levels on day-7th (4.68±2.01 vs. 9.72±6.70; p=0.003) and day-30th post-TBI (2.20±0.89 vs. 5.58±4.68; p=0.005), reduced the PLR levels on day-30th post-TBI (137.82±29.66 vs. 213.39±147.49; p=0.031), increased the BI score on day-7th (77.86±23.54 vs. 27.62±27.51; p=0.0001) and day-30th post-TBI (99.52±2.18 vs. 61.43±36.92; p=0.0001), and increased the MoCA-INA score on day-7th (21.10±7.62 vs. 6.24±8.83; p=0.0001) and day-30th post-TBI (27.24±3.13 vs. 12.57±9.40; p=0.0001) compared to the standard therapy alone. There was no significant mean difference in BDNF levels between groups although the treatment group had higher mean BDNF levels compared to the control group.
Conclusion: This study proved the benefits of MLC901 therapy as a neuroprotective agent through the anti-neuroinflammatory pathway by reducing the NLR and PLR levels in TBI patients, thus preventing the occurrence of SBI post-TBI and improving the activity of daily living and cognitive function of TBI patients.