bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los estudios contemporáneos sobre población afrocolombiana y el dilema de la producción del conocimiento "propio"
Authors: Hurtado-Saa Teodora
Published: July 2015

Durante décadas, el interés académico en la población colombiana negrafue retenido por el racismo epistemológico hacia los afrodescendientes. A pesar de la presencia de algunas investigaciones previas sobre el tema, esta situación cambió radicalmente con la Constitución de 1991, cuando la población negro adquirió un estatus étnico/racial y la disciplina de Estudios Afrocolombianos fue creada. En este artículo se presenta una visión general de la amplia producción intelectual, paradigmas epistemológicos y diversas líneas de investigación que han sido desarrollados por profesionales de las ciencias sociales y otras disciplinas en la construcción del conocimiento que, desde el punto de vista de personas de raza negra, puede ser descrito como "uno mismo" a principios de este siglo
Aproximación teórica al debate por el reconocimiento político, jurídico y social del sector LGTBIQ
Authors: Duque Acosta Carlos Andrés
Published: July 2015

La discriminación que históricamente han padecido las orientaciones y expresiones sexuales diferentes a las heterosexuales ha venido perdiendo legitimidad durante las últimas décadas. Esto no significa, sin embargo, que exista unanimidad sobre la base teórica y discursiva desde la cual se deben reivindicar los derechos de personas gays, lesbianas y transexuales, entre oras. Este atículo revisa críticamente tres paradigmas políticos que abordan este problema: la política liberal, la política de la diferencia y la política de la transformación cultural. Finalmente, presenta la propuesta teórica de Nancy Fraser de abordar la falta de reconocimiento como un problema de subordinación de estatus, la cual es complementada con la propuesta de construcción de la democracia radical de Chantal Mouffe.
Reflexiones sobre alteridad y técnica: La figura del robot humanoide en algunas transposiciones de la literatura al cine
Authors: Cuadros Contreras Raúl
Published: July 2015

La ciecia ficción lanza una mirada a las formas más extremas de otredad que se puedan imaginar. Esos otros seres y otros mundos le abren la puerta a nuevas ontologías y a la desnaturalización de categorías opuestas, tales como orgánico/inorgánico, natural/artificial. Resultan así nuevas formas de pensar la identidad y la definición de ser humano. En este artículo se explora este proceso analizando representaciones de la técnica y su mediación en las relaciones entre identidad y alteridad en algunas narraciones de este género. Para este fin, el autor toma como ejemplo el tratamiento que se le da a la figura del robot o del cyborg en películas recientes y muestra la humanización de éstos.
Lengua y etnicidad: una relación con matices
Authors: Matsuo Masatsugu
Published: July 2015

La lengua es uno de los principales factores que permiten diferenciar a un grupo étnico de otro. Sin embargo, la relación que los grupos étnicos tienen con respecto a su lengua no es invariable y el examen de casos particulares refleja una amplia gama de matices. Dada esta ambivalencia propia del tema, este artículo busca examinar qué propiedades puede asumirse que son necesarias para establecer un vínculo entre una lengua y un grupo étnico, para posteriormente explicar, por medio de algunos ejemplos, cómo dicho vínculo puede llegar a encontrarse más en una percepción compartida por el grupo que en un uso efectivo de la lengua.
Construcción de paz y conflictos regionales en los países insulares del Pacífico: en busca del buen gobierno
Authors: Ogashiwa Yoco
Published: July 2015

Tras los golpes de estado realizados en Fiji y las Islas Salomón en el año 2000, el Foro de las Islas del Pacífico ha llevado a cabo constantes esfuerzos multilaterales para dirimir y prevenir confictos en la región. Estos esfuerzos han implicado la introducción de conceptos y prácticas relacionadas con el ¿buen gobierno¿ que, por su carácter foráneo, no han estado exentas de tensiones con formas tradicionales de gobierno. Este artículo expone el carácter étnico que subyace a los conflictos en las islas del Pacífico, narra la paulatina adopción de dichos conceptos foráneos por parte de los miembros del Foro, y finalmente introduce algunas críticas que prominentes activistas de la región han planteado sobre este tema.
Equipos de reconstrucción provincial en Afganistán y el proceso de construcción de paz
Authors: Uesugi Yuji
Published: July 2015

El derrocamiento del régimen taliban en Afganistán ha planteado enormes retos a las organizaciones que tienen por objetivo la reconstrucción física y el establecimiento de la democracia y el Estado de derecho en este país. Uno de los principales problemas es la situación de inseguridad que en muchas provincias todavía impide el trabajo de organizaciones que proveen ayuda humanitaria o asisten en proyectos de desarrollo. Para hacerle frente a esta situación se han creado los Equipos de Reconstrucción Provincial (PRT), compuestos tanto por personal civil como militar, los cuales buscan realizar proyectos que beneficien a la población afgana en regiones donde aún no pueden operar las organizaciones civiles convencionales. Este artículo presenta un análisis crítico de los PRT, explica las razones que llevaron a su creación, las críticas que ha recibido de parte de las organizaciones civiles y los retos que deben superar si se desea impulsar con ellos el desarrollo de Afganistán.
Estudios de caso sobre buenas prácticas para superar el conflicto en el Valle del Cauca
Authors: Barón Porras Luis Fernando
Published: July 2015

Desde la perspectiva establecida por el Banco de Buenas Prácticas para Superar el Conflicto, creado por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo, este artículo presenta sintéticamente una investigación que ha examinado cinco experiencias que reflejan este tipo de prácticas en el Valle del Cauca. Los casos estudiados incluyen la organización de población desplazada, el fortalecimiento de un gobierno local, la difusión de información a través de la televisión, y el desarrollo de programas académicos y de proyectos sociales para jóvenes agricultores. Además de la descripción de los casos, este informe de investigación presenta un resumen del contexto en el que ocurren las cinco experiencias y reflexiona sobre las lecciones y recomendaciones que surgen de un análisis comparativo de ellas.
Desigualdad en la calidad de la educación en el Brasil: un estudio de caso en la región noroeste fluminense
Authors: Gomes-Ney Marlon , Esposti Tiradentes Marlúcia Degli , Ferreira Totti María Eugenia
Published: July 2015

Brasil, como muchos otros países de América Latina, se caracteriza por una muy fuerte desigualdad de ingresos y de oportunidades entre su población. En el área educativa, el siglo:XX fue testigo de la democratización del acceso a la educación en este país. Sin embargo, la expansión de la red pública de educación ocurrió sin la garantía de calidad para todos y, por lo tanto se tiene la preservación de la distinción de pobres y ricos en el sistema educativo. Este artículo expone los resultados de una investigación que, a partir de datos del Examen Nacional de Enseñanza Media, muestra el fuerte vínculo existente entre las condiciones socioeconómicas de las familias y la calidad de la educación básica a la que pueden acceder los alumnos del estado de Río de Janeiro.
Representaciones sociales de la ética empresarial en Venezuela
Authors: Borjas de Xena Leslie , Monasterio de Márquez Dilia
Published: July 2015

La teoría de las representaciones sociales de autores como Moscovici y Jodelet constituye una propuesta crítica para abordar la realidad social desde la complejidad. Este artículo se basa en dicha teoría para analizar las representaciones de la ética empresarial como proceso social por una comunidad de empresarios venezolanos, a partir de una investigación realizada a través del enfoque interpretativo y el método complementario. Las representaciones sociales develadas fueron: responsabilidad, solidaridad y honestidad. Los resultados evidenciaron una conceptualización de la ética empresarial que converge con la responsabilidad con la sociedad como corporativa y comunitaria.
Proceso, coherencia, cotidianidad y qualia como desafíos explicativos para la psicología
Authors: Larreamendy-Joerns Jorge
Published: July 2015

En este artículo se someten a discusión cuatro desafíos explicativos de la psicología a nivel teórico: primero, la necesidad de avanzar hacia explicaciones históricas y de proceso; segundo, la necesidad de observar estándares más estrictos de coherencia explicativa; tercero, la urgencia de abordar fenómenos en el ámbito de la cotidianidad; y cuarto, la necesidad de dar cuenta de fenómenos en el orden de la qualia y la experiencia. En primer término se exploran las dificultades para identificar desafíos alrededor de los cuales pueda converger la psicología en su conjunto. Posteriormente, se examinan logros consolidados en la disciplina psicológica como una manera de aproximarse a la identificación de retos teóricos de relevancia general. Finalmente, se dedica una sección a cada uno de los desafíos teóricos anteriormente mencionados. El artículo concluye con un aparte de consideraciones finales.
Construcción y comunicación de significados en la música popular
Authors: Céspedes Guevara Julián
Published: July 2015

Las tradiciones teóricas de la musicología y de la psicología de la música han estudiado la construcción y comunicación de significados en la música usando un modelo funcionalista de la comunicación. El propósito de esta investigación es estudiar estos fenómenos en el contexto de la música popular usando un método cualitativo y un enfoque constructivista. Para esto, se presentaron dos canciones de una banda de rock y dos de una de Jazz a 20 participantes: 6 músicos de las bandas y 14 oyentes sin formación musical formal. Se les pidió que escucharan cada canción, que indicaran cuándo la música llamaba su atención, y que explicaran cuál era su significado. Los resultados son interpretados como evidencia de que el significado musical no es inherente a música, que la música popular no siempre es percibida como expresiva de emociones; y que la comunicación musical depende de que músicos y oyentes compartan los mismos referentes simbólicos para su significación. Se concluye proponiendo un modelo conceptual constructivista para dar cuenta de la comunicación musical.
Las representaciones sociales como proceso subjetivo: un estudio de caso de hipertensión
Authors: Mori Valéria D. , González Rey Fernando Luis
Published: July 2015

En el presente trabajo discutimos las configuraciones subjetivas, y las diferentes representaciones sociales, de una paciente con hipertensión. En el análisis realizado es posible comprender los diferentes procesos subjetivos que se organizan en la experiencia de esos pacientes con hipertensión, así como la manera en que las representaciones sociales influyen en el modo de vida de los mismos y en los sentidos subjetivos asociados a la enfermedad y a la salud.
Algunas orientaciones sobre la construcción de los estudios en ciencia, tecnología y sociedad
Authors: Osorio Marulanda Carlos
Published: July 2015

Se presentan en este trabajo algunos elementos conceptuales sobre la formación de los estudios CTS y, en particular, de las dos tradiciones que dieron origen a sus propuestas académicas más representativas. Una de ellas, enfocada a la explicación social acerca de la naturaleza de la ciencia y la tecnología a partir de programas de investigación, constituye el objeto principal de este artículo. Nuestra finalidad se orienta a una presentación sucinta sobre los planteamientos de esta tradición, con el fin de promover el estudio de los enfoques CTS.
Usos del videojuego “Rise of the Nations” en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el programa de Ingeniería Industrial de la Universidad Icesi
Authors: Calderón Andrés , López Astudillo Andrés
Published: July 2015

El videojuego presenta múltiples posibilidades para ser desarrollado como herramienta didáctica. La constitución de los videojuegos favorece la aplicación de metodologías activas en el contexto académico para el desarrollo de temas relacionados con la ingeniería industrial. Estas posibilidades son descritas en detalle a partir del proceso de investigación desarrollado en el Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial en la Universidad Icesi.
Posibilidades del enfoque CTS como eje articulador de la educación superior tecnológica y el entorno social en contextos locales
Authors: Valenzuela Méndez Héctor , Villa Medina Ramón , Leyva Castellanos Abel , Farfán Mejía Enrique
Published: July 2015

En el presente trabajo se hace una revisión de los cambios que la transformación actual de la sociedad impone a los centros de enseñanza tecnológica y a la organización de los saberes en los entornos comunitarios específicos. A demás se analizan las políticas de intervención que emergen de instituciones tanto internacionales como mexicanas. Se exploran las posibilidades de articulación del enfoque CTS para la educación, desarrollo tecno-científico y desarrollo social en una comunidad minera y fronteriza del norte de México.
La feminización cultural de las prácticas educativas: etnografías de la popularización de la ciencia y de la tecnología en dos países del Sur
Authors: Pérez-Bustos Tania
Published: July 2015

En este artículo de investigación se exploran etnográficamente experiencias de popularización de la ciencia y la tecnología. Se argumenta que éstas se constituyen feminizadas –en términos culturales antes que sólo demográficos– en su puesta en escena educativa y que ello ocurre de modos similares en dos países del Sur: India y Colombia. La primera experiencia es un ejemplo de los modelos Hands on Science y, la segunda, se refiere a los modelos de ciencia divertida. El artículo cierra proponiendo algunas conexiones entre estas experiencias presentadas para, desde allí, precisar cómo la popularización, al enunciarse educativamente y propiciar ciertas puestas en escena, refuerza una dicotomía central entre lo androcéntrico y lo feminizado
Nuevos repertorios tecnológicos y movimientos sociales: el caso de la Asociación Indígena del Norte del Cauca (ACIN)
Authors: Unás Camelo Viviam
Published: July 2015

Este artículo pretende elaborar algunas reflexiones sobre el modo en que la WEB está siendo usada como escenario en el que se producen luchas sociales y se pactan alianzas políticas que, de fondo, estarían reconfigurando la idea de acción colectiva y movimiento social. Se hará énfasis en la forma en que algunos movimientos sociales, en particular el movimiento indígena del Norte del Cauca, han usado la WEB para ampliar sus repertorios de acción, sus objetos de lucha y los actores que a ésta se suman. Sostenemos que, para ello, los movimientos sociales, aún sin proponérselo, han convertido al trabajo de gestión de vínculos y la actitud conexionista –que Boltanski y Chiapello (2002)1 atribuyen al trabajador en mercados laborales flexibles– en recursos centrales del ejercicio militante.
Opinión pública y formación del departamento del Valle, 1903-1910
Authors: Hurtado Aura
Published: July 2015

Dentro del amplio conjunto de sucesos que rodearon la formación del departamento del Valle como una entidad territorial y política autónoma en abril de 1910, el debate público que sostuvieron los periódicos de las provincias involucradas en torno a la conveniencia de dividir el departamento del Cauca ocupó un lugar central. El presente texto se propone delinear los contornos y formas que alcanzó este debate mostrando cómo el proyecto divisionista encontró legitimación ante la opinión pública.
Sobre las relaciones económicas y políticas entre China y Colombia
Authors: Benavidez Richard A.
Published: July 2015

Entrevista a Matt Ferchen.Profesor investigador de tiempo completo del Centro Carnegie y la Universidad de Tsinghua en la ciudad de Beijing, China.
Impact of Behavioural Biases on Working Capital Management of Manaufactring Sector of Pakistan: A Non Parametric Investigation Approach
Authors: Iqbal Sajid , Butt Safdar Ali
Published: July 2015

The current study aims to investigate the relationship of overconfidence bias, loss aversion bias, self-serving bias and anchoring bias with working capital management. The study used questionnaire and acquired primary data from the companies of manufacturing sector of Pakistan, are selected as sample of the study. The study used connivance sampling technique for data acquisition. Moreover, descriptive statistics are applied by using item wise technique and non-parametric techniques are also applied that supported results with historic investigations and have found significant relationship of biases with working capital management.
Trials and Tribulations of Immigrants in Bharathi Mukherjee’s Wife
Authors: Sasikanth K. John Wesley , Sumalatha D.
Published: July 2015

Bharati Mukherjee is one of the most well known immigrant writers of America. Immigration is an amalgamated journey experience of oneself to another country. Migration separates one from their mother land towards an alien land, where it is marked by new culture and new adjustments. Bharathi Mukherjee’s novel wife portrays an immigrant looking back to her mother country with pain and nostalgia. Bharathi Mukherjee had beautifully carved the shapes of the characters that even a normal reader feels the presence of their tribulations as the personal grievances. The present article focuses on the trials and tribulations experienced by the Indian woman migrating to alien lands after her marriage. Dimple, the female protagonist of Bharati Mukherjee’s Wife, faces the problem of loss of culture and the quest for a new identity in the US.
Contemporary Challenges Confronting Islamic Banking & Finance
Authors: Khan Muhammad Asif , Shehzad Muhammad Waseem , Khan Muhammad Atif
Published: July 2015

The philosophy of Islamic economics is “brining economics in consonance with Shariah”, guiding Islamic banking and finance to abolish interest from operations, has reported a monumental growth, envisaged the most lucrative and unsusceptible segment of the economy. Islamic finance is undoubtedly flourishing worldwide entails trajectory development but at other front it encounters a number of impediments in development since its inception. The emphasis of this study is to encapsulate in tabular form, the contemporary problems and challenges Islamic finance has encountered during the span of last 28-years from 1988 to 2015. The austere Shariah compliance; regulatory and prudential challenges; misconception among western society about Islamic banking philosophy; unavailability of money and capital market for scant Islamic financial instruments; piercing competition; privation of Islamic banking and finance awareness; absence of uniform reporting standards; complexities of regulatory and supervisory issues; lack of central supervisory body, governance and dearth of consensus among Shariah scholars been the precarious challenges among many others. A unified central regulatory and supervisory mechanism required in converging sprinkled Islamic finance practices and to foster a synchronized and standardized regulatory framework consensus need to be developed among all Shariah scholars
The Predictive Safety Testing Consortium: safety bio-markers, collaboration, and qualification
Authors: Sauer John-Michael , Walker Elizabeth G , Porter Amy C
Published: July 2015

The Predictive Safety Testing Consortium (PSTC) is one of nine consortia comprising the Critical Path Institute (C-Path), a non-profit organisation launched in 2005 and dedicated to playing the role of a catalyst in the development of new approaches that advance medical innovation and regulatory science. C-Path achieves this by lead-ing teams that share data, knowledge and expertise resulting in sound, consensus-based science. PSTC is a unique, public-private partnership that brings pharmaceutical companies together to share and validate safety testing methods under the advisement of worldwide regulatory agencies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA). The eighteen corporate members of PSTC share a common goal: to find improved safety testing methods and approaches utilizing fluid-based safety biomarkers which accurately predict drug-induced tissue injury. Specifically, the primary goal of PSTC is the qualification of novel translational safety biomarkers for use in early clinical trials in order to ena-ble safer investigations and development of new drug candidates. This manuscript describes the critical importance of improved safety biomarkers to the drug development process and the present state of the biomarker qualification process with regulatory agencies. In addition, the work that the PSTC and its collaborative partners have done and con-tinue to do to identify and qualify more selective and specific safety biomarkers is highlighted. Finally, successes in-cluding the recently adopted regulatory Letter of Support and ongoing efforts to better define the regulatory qualifica-tion process and an integrated translational safety strategy are also discussed.
The Upper Pleistocene deglaciation on the Apennines (Peninsular Italy)
Authors: Giraudi C.
Published: July 2015

The synthesis of the published data and new researches allow to establish a more reliable chronology of the phases of deglaciation that occurred after the Apennine last glacial maximum. The chronological framework was assured by radiocarbon dating and by the presence of four geochemically and chronologically characterized tephra layers and a quartz-rich loess, that were found on different mountain massifs, mainly in Central Italy. After the Campo Imperatore Stade (local LGM) dated 28-27 ka cal BP, a first retreat took place during the Campo Felice Arid Spell, followed by a glaciers advance (Le Capannelle Stade) that started between 26 and 25 ka cal BP. During the readvance the glaciers reached a length about 90% of the local LGM glacier. The readvance was followed by a retreat broken by at least two readvances (Piano Pietranzoni and Lago Pietranzoni readvances) and then by a very fast withdrawal at the beginning of the Fornaca Interstade, dated ca. 22-21 ka cal BP. The Fontari Stade glacier’s advance began ca. 18 ka cal BP and was followed by a retreat broken by at least three small readvances (Fontari 2; Fontari 3; M. Aquila 1). The M. Aquila 1 readvance ended ca. 15-14 ka cal BP. The Venaquaro Interstade, dated 14-13 ka cal BP, was followed by the M. Aquila Stade. This stade was the last Late Pleistocene small glacial expansion and can be correlated to the Younger Dryas. The variations in the atmospheric circulation in the Mediterranean area likely played a role during the first deglaciation phases (between 27-26 and 21-22 ka cal BP). During the period between 19-18 and 12 ka cal BP the glacial fluctuations were linked, very likely, to the climatic impact of the North Atlantic ice rafted debris events. It is possible, therefore, that during the Fornaca Interstade (between 22-21 and 19-18 ka cal BP), there has been such a change in atmospheric circulation and the Central Mediterranean area became more prone to be influenced by the effects of the North Atlantic D/O and IRD events.
Deglaciación en la Cordillera Cantábrica: modelo y evolución
Authors: Serrano E. , Gómez-Lende M. , Pellitero R. , González Trueba J.J.
Published: July 2015

La última deglaciación de la Cordillera Cantábrica comenzó hace menos de 30 ka, cuando se produjo un máximo glaciar local. Tras esta deglaciación se sucede un periodo menos frío que ocasiona un retroceso glaciar después del cual un nuevo avance de los glaciares generó formas y depósitos glaciares muy próximas a los complejos morrénicos de la fase anterior. Este es un periodo frío y seco acaecido entre ~ 22 y 18 ka que se relaciona con el LGM europeo. Las dataciones realizadas durante los últimos doce años permiten establecer un modelo de deglaciación distinto al del norte de Europa, pero similar al de los Pirineos y las montañas del NW peninsular. La fase de deglaciación más importante tendrá lugar después de 18 ka, cuando los macizos menos altos quedan libres de hielo definitivamente, los icefields desaparecen y las lenguas glaciares de mayor tamaño se dividen y quedan alojadas en las porciones altas de los valles. De ~14 a ~11 ka se registra un nuevo avance, la fase de altura, con desarrollo de glaciares por encima de los 2000 metros condicionados por los factores topoclimáticos. Sólo en los macizos más elevados los glaciares se ubican en cualquier orientación aunque sus dimensiones son reducidas. En este periodo se desarrollan numerosos glaciares rocosos, en su mayoría en orientaciones N. Durante el Holoceno no hay pruebas de avances glaciares y la deglaciación es completa en la Montaña Cantábrica. Sólo cuatro pequeños glaciares se forman durante la Pequeña Edad del Hielo en Picos de Europa, desaparecidos a finales del siglo XIX.
Glacier variations in the European Alps at the end of the last glaciation
Authors: Ivy-Ochs S.
Published: July 2015

The Last Glacial Maximum in the Alps lasted from approximately 30 to 19 ka. Glaciers reached out onto the forelands on both sides of the main Alpine chains, forming piedmont lobes in the north and filling the Italian amphitheatres to the south. Pullback of glaciers from their maximum extent was underway by 24 ka. Glaciers oscillated at stillstand and minor re-advance positions for several thousand years forming Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) stadial moraines. North and south of the Alps, the various stadials cannot yet be unequivocally matched. Glaciers had receded back within the mountain front by 19-18 ka. During the early Lateglacial phase of ice decay remnants of the once huge valley glaciers that fed the piedmont lobes downwasted and were likely calving into the extensive lakes that formed in the lower valley reaches. The first Alpine-wide glacier re-advance took place during the Gschnitz stadial, 17-16 ka, which was likely a response to Europe-wide cooling during Heinrich event 1. By the Bølling/Allerød interstadial much of the Alps were ice-free. Glaciers advanced repeatedly to an extent several kilometers from the cirque headwalls, during the Egesen stadial in response to the Younger Dryas cold period. Egesen stadial moraines, at some sites several sets of moraines, were constructed in valleys all across the Alps. 10Be exposure dates for Egesen stadial moraines are in the range 13.5 to 12 ka. Moraines located at an intermediate position between the Little Ice Age moraines and the Egesen moraines formed at the margins of glaciers that advanced during the closing phase of the Egesen stadial or during the earliest Holocene at 10.5 ka.
Análise do impacto do relacionamento interpessoal no desempenho das pessoas nas organizações: um estudo de caso
Authors: ZAMBONIN CÁSSIA REGINA
Published: July 2015

O comportamento dos indivíduos é um fator que influi, notavelmente, o desenvolvimento da organização, já que, colaboradores desmotivados com o trabalho exercem suas atribuições com pensamentos alheios, e quando motivados, trabalham satisfeitos, aumentando assim sua produção. Diante disto, faz-se necessário avaliar qual o impacto do relacionamento interpessoal no desenvolvimento das tarefas, sendo este o objetivo geral da pesquisa, uma vez que, as organizações vêm buscando evitar problemas gerados por conflitos pessoais, que resultam, geralmente, em perda de bons profissionais, clientes, gestores e fornecedores. Metodologicamente, esta pesquisa qualiquantitativa de caráter censitário, analisou as interações sociais de vinte e seis funcionários públicos do Departamento de Recursos Humanos de um órgão do Poder Judiciário, através de survey, entrevistas em profundidade e observação participativa. A análise dos dados foi feita através dos programas UCINET 6.289 e PAJEK 1.19, programas estes utilizados para a análise de redes sociais. Estes dados foram triangulados com dados obtidos através de análise de conteúdo das entrevistas e das observações feitas. Como resultados, identificou-se que os atores com maior grau de centralidade, que identifica a capacidade de influenciar aos demais, nas relações de amizade já atuam no setor a mais de seis anos e os menos centrais estão a menos de dois anos no setor. Porém, o tempo no setor não justifica que os atores mais centrais da medida do grau de intermediação, que identifica a capacidade de unir pessoas não diretamente relacionadas, uma vez que, nesta medida, os mais centrais se mostram mais comunicativos e simpáticos.
O impacto das normas brasileiras de contabilidade aplicadas ao setor público: cenário atual e perspectivas na Administração Pública Federal
Authors: Passos Luís Henrique Santos
Published: July 2015

presente trabalho tem por objetivo oferecer um breve diagnóstico do impacto das Normas Brasileiras de Contabilidade Aplicadas ao Setor Público (NBCASP), no cenário atual e as perspectivas que as mesmas poderão trazer no norteamento das atividades contábeis que são executadas na Administração Pública Federal. Outro aspecto a ser abordado está intimamente relacionado ao Sistema Gerencial de Custos do Exército Brasileiro (SISCUSTOS), fruto da NBC T 16.5 – Registro Contábil, fato que coloca a Força Terrestre na vanguarda dos órgãos públicos na utilização de tal sistema para fins de controle gerencial e a sua integração com o Sistema Integrado de Administração Financeira do Governo Federal (SIAFI) e outros sistemas da tecnologia da informação. Comenta-se também a estratégia de convergência das NBCASP às Normas e as Boas Práticas Internacionais (IPSAS). Finalmente, A pesquisa procura demonstrar também o impacto que as Normas Brasileiras de Contabilidade Aplicadas ao Setor Público vêm despertando atualmente junto a alguns órgãos públicos e, também a expectativa junto a classe contábil devido aos “frutos” a serem colhidos com a implantação destas normas juntos aos órgãos públicos.
The relative importance of trait vs. genetic differentiation for the outcome of interactions among plant genotypes
Authors: Abbott Jessica M. , Stachowicz John J.
Published: July 2015

Functional trait differences and genetic distance are increasingly used as metrics to predict the outcome of species interactions and the maintenance of diversity. We apply these ideas to intraspecific diversity for the seagrassZostera marina(eelgrass), by explicitly testing the influence of trait distance and genetic relatedness on the outcome of pairwise interactions among eelgrass genotypes. Increasing trait distance (but not relatedness) between eelgrass genotypes decreased the likelihood that both would persist over a year‐long field experiment, contrary to our expectations based on niche partitioning. In plots in which one genotype excluded another, the biomass and growth of the remaining genotype increased with the trait distance and genetic relatedness of the initial pair, presumably due to a legacy of past interactions. Together these results suggest that sustained competition among functionally similar genotypes did not produce a clear winner, but rapid exclusion occurred among genotypes with distinct trait combinations. Borrowing from coexistence theory, we argue that fitness differences between genotypes with distinct traits overwhelmed any stabilizing effects of niche differentiation. Previously observed effects of eelgrass genetic diversity on performance may rely on nonadditive interactions among multiple genotypes or sufficient environmental heterogeneity to increase stabilizing forces and/or interactions.
Is habitat restoration targeting relevant ecological needs for endangered species? Using Pacific Salmon as a case study
Authors: Barnas Katie A. , Katz Stephen L. , Hamm David E. , Diaz Monica C. , Jordan Chris E.
Published: July 2015

Conservation and recovery plans for endangered species around the world, including the US Endangered Species Act (ESA), rely on habitat assessments for data, conclusions and planning of short and long‐term management strategies. In the Pacific Northwest of the United States, hundreds of millions of dollars ($US) per year are spent on thousands of restoration projects across the extent of ESA‐listed Pacific salmon—often without clearly connecting restoration actions to ecosystem and population needs. Numerous decentralized administrative units select and fund projects based on agency/organization needs or availability of funds with little or no centralized planning nor post‐project monitoring. The need therefore arises for metrics to identify whether ecosystem and species level restoration needs are being met by the assemblage of implemented projects. We reviewed habitat assessments and recovery plans to identify ecological needs and statistically compared these to the distribution of co‐located restoration projects. We deployed two metrics at scales ranging from the sub‐watershed to ESA listing units; one describes the unit scale match/mismatch between projects and ecological concerns, the other correlates ecological need with need treated by projects across units. Populations with more identified ecological concerns contained more restoration effort, but the frequency of ecological concerns in recovery plans did not correlate with their frequency as restoration targets. Instead, restoration projects were strongly biased towards less expensive types. Many ESA‐listed salmon populations (78%) had a good match between need and action noted in their recovery plan, but fewer (31%) matched at the smaller sub‐watershed scale. Further, a majority of sub‐watersheds contained a suite of projects that matched ecological concerns no better, and often worse, than a random pick of all project types. These results suggest considerable room for gains in restoration funding and placement even in the absence of centralized planning. This analytical approach can be applied to any species for which habitat management is a principle tactic, and in particular can help improve efficiencies in matching identified needs with explicit management actions.
Kant’s turn in the account of feeling: Critical response to the XVIII century sentimentalism
Authors: Cvejic Igor
Published: July 2015

Rationalism marked the first half of XVIII century German philosophy. Yet, in
the second half of the century a new tendency - which based its orientation
towards aesthetics on immediate feeling - emerged and ultimately paved the
way to German romanticism. This paper aims to show the main features of
Kant?s response to this new tendency. However, this response must be
understood in terms of Kant?s transcendental philosophy and his tripartite
division of irreducible faculties of the mind. I will argue that the
development of Kant?s position was based on his account of the Feeling as a
separate faculty of the mind, and the principle of purposiveness as an
apriori principle for this faculty.
Kant and the romantic ontology
Authors: Prole Dragan
Published: July 2015

In the first part of the paper, the author displays the specificities of the
romantic concept of subjectivity. Based on the assumption that the Man is but
a minute part of what he might be, the romantics emphasize on the imperative
of infinite subjectivity. Giving up on the division of philosophical
disciplines, the romantics request a unity of spirit in history. The
relationship between Kant and romanticism is mostly deliberated under the
auspices of the terms of anarchy and the nomadic spirit, which are pointed
out by Kant in the beginning of the foreword to the first edition of the
Critique of Pure Reason as the symptoms of the crisis of metaphysics. What
Kant sees as a crisis, the romantics embrace as constitutive moments of
subjectivity which aspire to soften the modern rifts by breaking up with all
substance. Trying to develop a sketch of the ontology of existence, Friedrich
Schlegel evokes Plato?s term ontos on, but ties it with the process of
establishing the individual ideal, as opposed to the former link with the
objective being. The author concludes that the ontology of existence with
romantics is at the same time the metaphysics of subjectivity which cares
mostly about originality, selfness and authenticity, about the integration of
Kant?s term of dynamically sublime in the midst of the philosophical speech
about the true being.
Pedagogy of boys Dictionary of Technology as phenomenology of cycles without a history
Authors: Stojanovic-Djordjevic Tamara
Published: July 2015

The author examines the pedagogical interpretation and contribution of the
Dictionary of Technology (published in 1981) and critical revolutionary
pedagogy of Paulo Freire and his followers, Henry Giroux and Peter McLaren. A
comparative ref lection on the Dictionary of Technology and Pedagogy of the
Oppressed, Paulo Freire most renowned book, is possible due to the clear
effort of both works directed against the dehumanization and conversion of
the pedagogical process into technology. Freire educational process sees as a
simulacrum of the banking system while the Dictionary of Technology very
closely, but more generally sees it as the predominance of illusion, no
matter who is oppressed by whom. The illusion would exist even in a world
without a relationship of dominance, because the dismissal of oppression will
not liberate us from the history.
Institutional sexism: An obstacle to an effective protection against domestic violence
Authors: Petrusic Nevena , Konstantinovic-Vilic Slobodanka , Zunic Natalija
Published: July 2015

The subject of this paper is an analysis of the social treatment of victims
of domestic violence and their institutional treatment in the context of
gender stereotypes, prejudices and discriminatory attitudes, which are deeply
rooted and widely spread among professionals involved in the prevention and
prosecution of domestic violence. The aim of the paper is to point out how,
and in what way institutional sexism becomes a barrier to effective
prevention, prosecution and sanctioning of domestic violence and the cause of
discrimination of victims of this form of violence in the exercise of the
right to legal protection. In this context, the current situation in Serbia
has been observed in light of the international standard of ?due diligence?,
which is normatively operationalized in Istanbul Convention (2011). From the
perspective of this standard, the authors discuss the standpoints of the
CEDAW Committee as well as the latest opinion of the European Court of Human
Rights in the verdict of the case Eremia and others v. Moldova (2013), which
was the first time that the Court held that institutional sexism was the main
reason for the state authorities? failure to provide adequate legal
protection against domestic violence. The authors underscore that the state
action on the recognition, demystification and eradication of the deeply
rooted institutional sexism is one of the key prerequisites for an effective
prevention of domestic violence in compliance with the international ?due
diligence? standard.
Surgical and nonsurgical management of patent ductus arteriosus in cats: 28 cases (1991–2012)
Authors: Hutton Jocelyn E. , Steffey Michele A. , Runge Jeffrey J. , McClaran Janet K. , Silverman Sarah J. , Kass Philip H.
Published: July 2015

Objective—To characterize the clinical features and outcome of cats treated for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with attenuation (extravascular or intravascular) versus medical treatment only.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—28 client-owned cats with congenital PDA.

Procedures—Medical records for cats with PDA diagnosed by means of echocardiography were reviewed. Data retrieved included signalment; history; clinical signs; results of physical examination, ECG, echocardiography, and thoracic radiography; response to medical management if attempted; type of attenuation procedure if attempted (surgical or intravascular); procedural details; intraoperative and postoperative (≤ 2 weeks) complications; and long-term (> 2 weeks) complications. Follow-up was obtained from medical records and via telephone interviews.

Results—All 28 cats were referred for evaluation of a cardiac murmur, but 17 of 26 (65%) for which initial clinical signs were available did not have overt signs at initial evaluation. Multiple congenital cardiac defects were identified in 6 of 23 (26%) cats. Seventeen of 26 (65%) cats were documented as treated with 1 or more vascular attenuation procedures; vascular attenuation was not attempted in 11 cats receiving an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or loop diuretic (n = 2) or no medical treatment (9). Surgical ligation was successful in 11 of 15 cats, and coil embolization was successful in 2 cats. Procedural or postoperative complications included death (n = 2), left-sided laryngeal paralysis (2), voice change (1), fever (1), hemorrhage (4), and chylothorax (1). Long-term follow-up was available for 16 of 28 (57%) cats. Three of 4 cats that did not undergo surgical attenuation died of cardiac-related disease.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that PDA occurs rarely in cats, and clinical signs and diagnostic findings were consistent with those previously reported for dogs. Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment did not result in a significant difference in life expectancy in this small cohort. Evaluation of laryngeal function after surgical ligation is recommended. Further study of the outcome associated with various treatment options in a larger population of patients is recommended.
Detection of Frames With Single Complete Signs of Finger Alphabet in Video Sequence Using Visual Attention Approach
Authors: Kučerová Júlia , Polec Jaroslav
Published: July 2015

Visual information is very important in human communication. It is used in any type of sign language communication, and in non-verbal communication of the entire population, as well. Therefore, visual information is crucial for communication of hearing impaired people. Video is the most common way to capture this type of information and it is very important to correctly process it. In this paper we propose a method for finding video frames representing single sign in the finger alphabet. The single sign is identified using standard video quality metrics. The calculations of the metrics are performed only within a region, which is determined by combination of object tracking and salient regions detection method based on human visual attention. For key frame selection, combination of sliding system for finding local extreme and adaptive threshold based on local averaging and variation is used. Proposed method is effective and achieves significantly better results in comparison with other commonly used methods.
Energy Efficient Auto–Configurable Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Rokon , Matin Mohammad Abdul , Hossain Foraji Mohammad Kamal , Hossain Baizid
Published: July 2015

This paper proposed an auto-configurable algorithm for wireless sensor network (WSN) to efficiently re-organize the network topology. The auto-configurable algorithm is based on self- configurable cellular architecture and it has been observed from simulation result that the proposed algorithm achieves lower power consumption than the existing one.
Peak to Average Power Ratio Reduction in NC–OFDM Systems
Authors: Tabassum Saadia , Hussain Sajjad , Ghafoor Abdul
Published: July 2015

Non contiguous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (NC-OFDM) is an efficient and adaptable multicarrier modulation scheme to be used in cognitive radio communications. However like OFDM, NC-OFDM also suffers from the main drawback of high peak to average power ratio (PAPR). In this paper PAPR has been reduced by employing three different trigonometric transforms. Discrete cosine transform (DCT), discrete sine transform (DST) and fractional fourier transform (FRFT) has been combined with conventional selected level mapping (SLM) technique to reduce the PAPR of both OFDM and NC-OFDM based systems. The method combines all the transforms with SLM in different ways. Transforms DCT, DST and FRFT have been applied before the SLM block or inside the SLM block before IFFT. Simulation results show the comparative analysis of all the transforms using SLM in case of both OFDM and NC-OFDM based systems.
Nat-Worship and Paul Tillich: Contextualizing a Correlational Theology of Religion and Culture in Myanmar
Authors: Moe David Thang
Published: July 2015

Abstract:

What has Nat-worship to do with Christianity? Christianity should not escape from Nat-worship—it is not difficult to answer why. Nat-worship is a primal religion for Burmese—both the Burman majorities and the ethnic minorities had worshiped Nats before they accepted foreign religions: Buddhism from India and Christianity from Euro-America. If Nat-worship is a local religion in Myanmar, the other foreign religions, like Buddhism and Christianity especially, should embrace it and be enriched by its moral elements of religious practices and spiritual values. By using Tillich's method of correlation between religion and culture, there follows an exploration of how Nat-worship serves as a medium for God's revelation ( praeparatio evangelica) and as a theological locus (locus theologicus) for enriching a Christian theology in Myanmar.
Contrasting Augustine and Kierkegaard as Theologians of Desire
Authors: Hughes Carl S.
Published: July 2015

Abstract:

In response to Lee C. Barrett's recent book on Augustine and Kierkegaard, this article highlights three ways in which Kierkegaard diverges from (and actually goes farther than) Augustine on the subject of spiritual desire: the degree to which he considers desire to be amenable to satisfaction; the degree to which he affirms worldly objects of desire as valuable in inciting eros for God; and the degree to which he believes desire for God leads to participation in God. Building on Barrett's triangulation of Augustine and Kierkegaard with Martin Luther, the author argues that Kierkegaard often diverges from Augustine precisely because he is appropriating distinctively Lutheran themes in a subversive way.
Augustine, Kierkegaard, and the Seduction of the Word: Rediscovering an Unfamiliar Theological Style
Authors: Kolbet Paul R.
Published: July 2015

Abstract:

Lee Barrett's Eros and Self Emptying: The Intersections of Augustine and Kierkegaard draws a strong contrast between the “Augustine” whom Kierkegaard thought he knew and the Augustine we have come to know through recent scholarship. The dogmatic, speculative, non-rhetorical Augustine whom Kierkegaard rejected has come to be replaced by a rhetorical Augustine whose voice is adapted to a variety of audiences—an Augustine whose theological style is more similar to Kierkegaard than he ever knew. This realization enables Barrett to discover unforeseen intersections between these two Christian intellectuals, but none is more fundamental than their shared commitment to a form of theological rhetoric: one where what is most central is what transpires in the subjective experience of the reader or hearer rather than in the objective status of theological propositions. Barrett's work clears the way for similar assessments of other intellectuals.