bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Reformasi Kurikulum terhadap Kualitas Pendidikan SD di Indonesia
Authors: Fatimah Aah Siti , Hernawan Asep Herry , Prihantini Prihantini
Published: March 2024

Indonesia telah mengalami perubahan kurikulum dari semenjak kemerdekaan sebanyak 11 kali. Kurikulum di mulai dari Kurikulum 1947, Kurikulum 1952, Kurikulum 1964, Kurikulum 1968, Kurikulum 1975, Kurikulum 1984, Kurikulum 1994, Kurikulum 2004, Kurikukum 2006, Kurikulum 2013, Kurikulum Darurat dan terakhir Kurikulum Merdeka 2022. Perubahan yang terjadi tentunya terdapat reformasi di dalamnya. Masing-masing reformasi kurikulum sesuai dengan kebutuhannya mengikuti perkembangan zaman dari awal kemerdekaan hingga saat ini memasuki masa era industri 5.0. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Study Literatur Riview (SLR) dengan menggunakan referensi yang sesuai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reformasi kurikulum yang ada selama ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap kualitas pendidikan yang ada di Indonesia. Keywords: Reformasi, Kurikulum, dan kualitas pendidikan
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Monopoli Sosial Budaya (MOSIDA) Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Jember
Authors: Nur Janah Siti Naik Tantri , Finali Zetti , Puspitaningrum Dyah Ayu
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui proses pengembangan, validitas, keefektifan, dan kepraktisan media pembelajaran Monopoli Sosial Budaya (Mosida). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan dengan menggunakan tahapan Borg dan Gall. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas V SDN Tegal Besar 02 Kabupaten Jember pada semester genap Tahun Ajaran 2022/ 2023. Uji validitas produk oleh validator memperoleh skor 89,8% (sangat layak), hasil uji keefektifan bahwa nilai t-hitung lebih besar dari pada nilai t-tabel (7,416 >1,675), selanjutnya dilakukan uji keefektifan relatif (ER) dan menunjukan skor 62,8% (efektivitas tinggi). Uji kepraktisan menggunakan observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran mendapatkan skor 96,25% (sangat praktis). Uji kepraktisan menggunakan angket minat belajar mendapatkan skor 84,2% (sangat praktis). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa Pengembangan Media Monopoli Sosial Budaya (Mosida) berbasis kearifan lokal Jember pada kelas V SD materi keragaman sosial budaya masyarakat menunjukkan hasil yang valid, efektif, dan praktis.Keywords: Media monopoli, kearifan lokal, validitas, kepraktisan, efektifitas
Keefektifan Multimedia Interaktif Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Pada Materi Sumber Energi
Authors: Nalinda Hanin , Formen Ali , Subali Bambang
Published: March 2024

Pemanfaatan multimedia untuk pembelajaran masih sangat terbatas, pelibatan teknologi dalam dunia pendidikan sudah menjadi kebutuhan. Oleh sebab itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji keefektifan multimedia interaktif terhadap hasil belajar IPA materi sumber energi kelas V SDIT Cahaya Bangsa Semarang. Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi experimental dengan bentuk nonequivalent control group. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan nontes. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan cluster sampling. Analisis uji hipotesis menggunakan uji z, uji t, dan n-gain. Hasil dari uji hipotesis multimedia interaktif lebih efektif dari pada media kelas kontrol dengan ketuntasan belajar mencapai 75% sedangkan kontrol tidak, thitung (2,115) > ttabel (2,018) dan n-gain (0,63) > kontrol (0,42). Simpulan dalam penelitian menunjukkan bahwa multimedia interaktif  efektif meningkatkan  hasil belajar IPA materi sumber energi.Keywords: Multimedia interaktif, hasil belajar, IPA
Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran Berbasis Lingkungan Dan Gaya Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA Kelas IV SDN
Authors: Sibarani Juli Ester , Napitupulu Efendi , Darmana Ayi
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana teknik pembelajaran berbasis lingkungan mempengaruhi hasil belajar IPA kelas IV di SDN Kualuh Selatan Kecamatan Labuhan Batu Utara.  Penelitian dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 112266 Damuli Kebun sebagai sampel sekolah SDN Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan. Populasi penelitian adalan seluruh SDN Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 68 siswa. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan tes dan angket. Kelas eksperimen berjumlah 34 siswa dan kelas kontrol meneraplam strategi pembelajaran ekspositori berjumlah 34 siswa. Angket diujicobakan kepada siswa kelas IV SDN 112265 Damuli Kebun berjumlah 20 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental semu (quasi-experimental design). Desain faktorial 2Ã—2 digunakan untuk metode penelitian. Uji homogenitas dan normalitas yang merupakan uji prasyarat uji hipotesis. Analisis varians dua arah digunakan dalam pengujian hipotesis (Two Way Anova). Kesimpulan hasil penelitian terdapat pengaruh strategi pembelajaran berbasis lingkungan terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas IV SDN Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan Labuhan Batu Utara.Keywords: Strategi Pembelajaran Berbasis Lingkungan, Gaya Belajar, IPA
Comparison of essential oil content and composition in two German chamomile (Matricaria chamomile L.) genotypes
Authors: Amin Salehi , S Hazrati , Yaqoub Behzadi
Published: March 2024

Two German chamomile genotypes (wild and domestic) were investigated for essential oil content and composition. Wild and domestic chamomile flowers were collected from Noor-Abad and Karaj regions and dried before essential oil extraction using distillation method. Essential oil components were identified by analytical gas-chromatography and mass spectrometry. Results revealed that essential oil efficiency in domestic and wild chamomile was recorded as 0.87 and 0.77%, respectively. Amongst fifteen different components identified in essential oil samples, (E)-â-farnesene, á -bisabolol oxide A and B and chamazulene were found to be the major components with frequency of 12.86, 31.86, 5.24 and 6.16% in domestic species and 8.83, 2.52, 1.81 and 55.606% in wild species. Irrespective of slight reduction in essential oil content and its components, wild German chamomile genotype can be used as valuable source in future domestication programmes.
Studies on crossability in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) genotypes
Authors: Ramteke Vikas , Nanda Hemchand , Nirala Yaspal Singh , Mohana G. S.
Published: March 2024

Successful hybridization primarily depends on the crossability of the parents involved as well as development of the F1 hybrids and their derivatives. In the present study, 12 crosses were attempted to study the crossability relationship among cashew genotypes. Among the crosses, the highest crossability was recorded in the cross H-303 x VTH 711/4 (17.16%), whereas, high rate of abscission of young fruits was observed in crosses involving NRCC Selection -2 as female parent. The genotype VTH 711/4 has shown substantially high per cent of crossability and better nut set with different genotypes of cashew.
Molecular and biological detection of impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) isolate from ornamental plants in Iran
Authors: Ghotbi Tabassom , Shahraeen Nooh
Published: March 2024

Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV), belong to genus Orthotospovirus, causes severe damage to greenhouse ornamental plants. INSV reported from almost every ornamental screen house in Iran. INSV general symptoms include necrotic leaf spot, chlorosis and stunting in infected ornamental host plants. A total number of 581 ornamental samples of 58 different plant species with symptoms similar to those of INSV infection were collected in 4 provinces of Iran. The results indicated an average of 20.13 per cent virus incidence. INSV infection was recorded to be 28% in Mahallat, 24.5% in Tehran, 22.1% in Mazandaran and 16.4% in Guilan provinces. No record of INSV infection on ornamental samples was obtained from Khouzistan province (Dezful). From the total of 58 ornamental species tested, 33 species recorded positive for INSV. ELISA positive samples were rechecked by RT-PCR using a set of specific primers directed to the N-gene region, which were designed to detect and characterize the virus species. The primers ampl fied a 777 bp product of the nucleoprotein as shown by agarose gel electrophoresis. The nucleotide sequence of amplicons was compared with related sequences, using Blast software available at NCBI GenBank, which showed highest similarity with impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) isolates. Accordingly, all genome components of the isolate shared 89-96.5 % nucleotide sequence identities with corresponding sequence of other Iranian and GenBank INSV isolates. The Iranian isolates were all placed in the same group and bore the most similarity to INSV isolates from the Netherlands, Italy and United States. In phylogenetic analysis based on the partial nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of N region, INSV from Iran appears to be closely related to the Japanese AB1099100 Verbena spp. isolate.
Effect of osmotic stress on in vitro plant growth hormone production by osmotolerant bacteria isolated from chilli phyto microbiome
Authors: J Prasanth , Selvakumar G , A Vijaya Gopal , D Kalaivanan
Published: March 2024

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of osmotic stress on the plant growth hormone production by six osmotolerant plant growth promoting bacterial strains. These strains originated from the phytomicrobiome of chilli cultivated in the drought prone areas of Andhra Pradesh. They possessed multiple plant growth promotion traits including the ability to produce a variety of plant growth hormones. The effect of osmotic stress on the plant growth hormone production was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) under normal and in vitro osmotic stress conditions using 25% Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG) 8000. In general, it was observed that osmotic stress impacted the plant growth hormone production of the isolates, but nevertheless plant hormones were detected in all the bacterial strains. An exception to this was the cytokinin molecule zeatin riboside, which was produced at higher levels by five of the six bacterial isolates under osmotic stressed conditions.
Heterosis and heterobeltiosis in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum var. grossum) for growth and yield parameters
Authors: V Varsha , Mishra Smaranika , H B Lingaiah , V Keshav Rao , R Venugopalan
Published: March 2024

The magnitude of heterosis over commercial check and better parent was estimated to identify best crosses for growth and yield traits in bell pepper. Experimental material included 21 F1 hybrids developed by crossing seven diverse parents in half diallel mating design. The findings revealed that Arka Mohini X CW308 showed best heterotic cross combinations, recorded significantly higher heterosis and high per se value over commercial check with respect to number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to first harvest, fruit length, fruit width, number of lobes per fruit, number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight. The cross Arka Mohini X CW308 also showed high heterobeltiosis for traits like fruit length, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight and average yield per plant. Hence, this hybrid with high per se value and heterosis can be utilized to obtain desirable segregates for development of superior genotype for improvement of horticultural traits in bell pepper.
Floral biology studies in wild melon [Cucumis melo L. ssp. agrestis (Naudin) Pangalo var. agrestis Naudin]
Authors: G Kalyan Chakravarthi , M G Vasant , G Bhuvaneshwari , Patil Bapurayagouda B , G Raghavendra , T H Shankarappa
Published: March 2024

Studies on floral morphology, phenology and biology of wild melon revealed that the ratio of staminate and pistillate flowers was 3.40:1. The longevity of the male flowers were between 5 and 6 days, whereas, female flowers between 6 and 7 days. Anthesis was observed from 4.00 am to 10.00 am, while, the anther dehiscence started from 5.00 am which was continued to 7.00 am. The peak anthesis was observed from 8.00 am to 9.00 am and anther dehiscence from 6.00 am to 6.30 am. Freshly opened flowers showed pollen viability up to 98.35%, decreased upon closure and crashed to 17.48% in 3 days. Pollen germination was occurred after 15 minutes of incubation and continued up to 24 h of incubation. The stigma receptivity lasts from one to two days of anthesis. Major pollinator of wild melons observed was honey bee, mostly visited between 9:00 am to 6:00 pm.
Comparative analysis of BLUP and GCA for parental selection in marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) for hybrid development
Authors: A Sumalatha , Basalapura Rangegowda Chandana , Dedhia Labdhi , D C Lakshmana Reddy , M Arivalagan , Bhaskar Vijaya , Prakash Tejaswini
Published: March 2024

The area under marigold cultivation is increasing over the years and so is the demand for marigold seeds. To meet the increasing demand, hybrid varieties are preferred as they produce higher yields, for which the right parental selection is of major concern. Male sterility being the prerequisite for economical hybrid seed production of marigold, we have attempted to strategize the selection of male sterile seed parent and fertile pollen parent for yield and yield-related traits. The study was undertaken across multiple forms of male sterile lines morphologically varying in apetaloid and petaloid types, therefore use of BLUP and GCA was evaluated as a criterion to select the parents for the hybridization program. Results suggested apetaloid male sterile lines as better seed parents for days to bud initiation, while, petaloid male sterile lines can be selected for the improvement of shelf life and flower diameter. Results from BLUP and GCA were in agreement with each other for the traits studied. However, BLUP-based comparison of different lines is less tedious as it eliminates the laborious procedure of developing multiple hybrids and evaluating them to study the combining ability effects.
A Basque Media War: Who is Ireland’s Friend, Who is Ireland’s Enemy? The Easter Rising’s Influence, Context and Development in the Basque Country
Authors:   University of the Basque Country, Spain, Pulido Azpíroz Alejandro
Published: March 2024

This paper examines the inner debate in Basque nationalism resulting from the Easter Rising between 1916 and 1918. Basque nationalists firmly believed that the Irish Revolution would affect the British war effort, the outcome of the Great War and hence Basque political vindication itself. The official nationalist leadership and its organ, Euzkadi, supported Great Britain, arguing a British military triumph in Ireland and in the Great War would bring a worldwide era of autonomy for national minorities. Pro-independence militants, however, not only expressed solidarity and outspoken support towards the rebels, but also associated their victory with a post-war scenario favourable to independence movements. This study focuses on the two competing Basque nationalist interpretations as presented in the media. Simultaneously, traditionalist parties (i.e. Carlists and Integrists) exacerbated nationalists’ differences in order to weaken a direct political rival.
Michael Collins at 100: Exaltation or Execration?
Authors:   Harry Ransom Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Rodden John
Published: March 2024

In the wake of the heightened attention accorded Michael Collins on the occasion of the centennial anniversary of his death in August 2022, this review essay addresses both the most recent and the most influential scholarly and popular treatments of his life and legacy. This material provides a window on both Ireland’s past and present – and also its future. When addressing Collins’s role in that contentious and much-contested past, new and more established scholarly studies by biographers and historians assist us not only to understand it better, but likewise also grasp the unique symbolic role that Collins occupies in Irish political life today. The fact is that many Irish people – and Irish Americans – simply cannot easily talk about Collins in balanced terms, or with the sort of historical detachment that they can bring to other bygone leaders of Ireland. He is a lightning rod for controversy in contemporary Ireland, with his very name sparking a debate whenever politically minded Irishmen get together. Unlike other Irish historical figures who have largely receded into the past, his life and death remain subjects of fascination on a national scale, with radio and television documentaries, fictionalised dramatisations, and even multimedia spectacles dedicated to the scrutiny of his brief life and tragic death. The review essay covers more than twenty biographies and biographical portraits, the majority of which have appeared in the twenty-first century, along with three dozen Collins-themed topical monographs as well as several research articles and selected pieces of journalism.
Imagen de los japoneses en el pensamiento de los misioneros: un estudio comparativo de sus efectos en los intentos proselitistas en Japón y la Nueva España
Authors: Klor de Alva J. Jorge , Quartucci Guillermo
Published: March 2024

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Crescimento de Urochloa brizantha (syn. Brachiaria), sob diferentes fontes de adubações fosfatadas e graus de compactação do solo
Authors: Porto Douglas William Batista , França André Cabral , Franco Miguel Henrique Rosa , Neiva Júnior Eudes , Oliveira Letícia Lopes de
Published: March 2024

A utilização de fontes fosfatadas para espécie de Urochloa brizantha diante a solos compactados pode ser evidenciada por meio de variáveis de crescimento. Nesse contexto objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes fontes de fósforo no crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas de U. brizantha cv. Marandu em um solo com diferentes graus de compactação na camada subsuperficial em diferentes épocas do ano. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, em delineamento de blocos casualizados dispostos em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, com quatro repetições, referentes a dois graus de compactação, 65% - solo descompactado e 85% - solo compactado; e quatro condições de adubação fosfatada: tratamento controle sem adubação, fosfato monoamônico (MAP), organomineral peletizado (OMP) e organomineral granulado (OMG). Aos 120 dias, para o período de inverno, e 90 dias, para o período de verão após a semeadura, avaliaram-se o teor de clorofila a/b, determinaram-se o número de folhas, o número de perfilhos, a altura de planta, a massa seca da parte aérea e a massa seca da raiz. O aumento da compactação do solo acarretou danos nos crescimentos das raízes e, consequentemente, na parte aérea de U. brizantha. A adubação fosfatada, usando fontes de liberação lenta, contribuiu com as respostas de análise de crescimento de U. brizantha, sendo os tratamentos de adubação fosfatada com OMP e OMG mais eficientes no fornecimento de fósforo e diminuição dos danos causados pela compactação, proporcionando melhores resultados em solos compactados nas análises de crescimento em ambas as épocas do ano.
In vitro cytotoxic and inhibitory effect of tramadol, flunitrazepam and levonogestrel on neutrophils and myeloperoxidase
Authors: Oyewo Emmanuel Bukoye , Ajayi Juliana Oluwafunmilayo , Oso Babatunde Joseph , Adekunle Adeniran Sanmi , Ige Peace Temidayo , Akomolafe Peter Ayomide
Published: March 2024

The abuse of flunitrazepam, tramadol and levonorgestrel among adolescents is a major problem, with adverse effects on the immune system. Neutrophils serve as the host primary defense and employ the role of an essential enzyme, myeloperoxidase. This study investigated the in vitro effect of flunitrazepam, tramadol and levonorgestrel on the activity of the neutrophil. Neutrophils were isolated from blood samples of volunteers and seeded in culture plates, and then treated with flunitrazepam, tramadol and levonorgestrel. Trypan blue exclusion assay was used to assess the cytotoxic effect of flunitrazepam, (15, 150, 1500, 15,000, 150,000 ng/mL), tramadol (300, 3000, 30,000 µg/ml) and levonorgestrel (18.5, 185 and 1850 ng/mL) on the neutrophils, and the effect flunitrazepam (150,000 ng/mL), tramadol (30,000 µg/ml) and levonorgestrel (1850 ng/mL) on myeloperoxidase activity was assessed. The viability of neutrophils treated with flunitrazepam, (15,000, 150,000 ng/mL), tramadol (300, 3000, 30,000 µg/ml) and levonorgestrel (18.5, 185 and 1850 ng/mL) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) compared with control. Myeloperoxidase activity in neutrophils treated with flunitrazepam (150,000 ng/mL), tramadol (30,000 µg/ml) and levonorgestrel (1850 ng/mL) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) compared with background and positive control. This study revealed that flunitrazepam, tramadol and levonorgestrel altered the activity of myeloperoxidase and phagocytic activities of the neutrophil.
Impact of renal denervation on patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction: study rationale and design
Authors: Migliaro Stefano , Petrolini Alessandro , Mariani Simona , Tomai Fabrizio
Published: March 2024

Aims

Long-standing hypertension may cause an impairment in microvascular coronary circulation, which is involved in many different cardiac conditions. Renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) has been successfully proven as a valuable therapeutic choice for patients with resistant hypertension; moreover, the procedure looks promising in other settings, such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation, given its ability to downregulate the sympathetic nervous system, which is a recognized driver in these conditions as well as in microvascular dysfunction progression. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of RDN on coronary physiology in patients with ascertained coronary microvascular dysfunction and resistant hypertension.

Methods

This is a multicenter, prospective, nonrandomized, open-label, interventional study. Consecutive patients with resistant hypertension, nonobstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD) and documented microvascular dysfunction will be enrolled. Patients will undergo RDN by Spyral Symplicity 3 (Medtronic Inc, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA) and reassessment of coronary microvascular function 6 months after the procedure. Primary endpoint will be the difference in the index of microcirculatory resistance.

Conclusion

The IMPRESSION study seeks to evaluate if there is any pleiotropic effect of the RDN procedure that results in modulation of microvascular function; if observed, this would be the first evidence showing RDN as a valuable therapy to revert hypertension-related microvascular dysfunction.
Lights and shadows on left atrial appendage occlusion: mind the gap in knowledge and think twice on long-term outcomes
Authors: Dell’Angela Luca , Nicolosi Gian Luigi
Published: March 2024

Ischemic stroke prevention represents a crucial concern in health systems, being associated with high morbidity and mortality. Atrial fibrillation is associated with 15–20% of ischemic strokes, in the presence of thrombus in the left atrial appendage in 90% of patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Oral anticoagulation represents the standard of care. However, left atrial appendage occlusions have been developed for selected patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. With regard to the latter, particularly, some important concerns have been raised on the selection of patients potentially amenable to the procedure, seemingly emphasizing a gap in knowledge, real-life clinical practice, and current management guidelines. In light of the recent evidence regarding the current indications for management of left atrial appendage in presence of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, the purpose of this critical review is to highlight the blind spots of left atrial appendage occlusion indications, taking into account the evidence-based mid- to long-term outcomes. Apparently, many unsolved concerns and problems are still present, mainly including mid- and long-term device-related potential complications, the possibility of concurrent sources of embolization, ethical and economic issues. Furthermore, larger, well designed, long-term, multicentric, and more inclusive studies, as well as shared/integrated registries are needed, aiming at comparing direct oral anticoagulation with left atrial appendage occlusion in the long run.
Distinctive characteristics of extracellular vesicles from feline adipose and placenta stromal cells unveil potential for regenerative medicine in cats
Authors: Soltero-Rivera Maria , Arzi Boaz , Bourebaba Lynda , Marycz Krzysztof
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising avenues in regenerative medicine, offering unique immunomodulatory and regenerative properties with lower immunogenicity. This study delves into the distinctive features of EVs extracted from feline adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) and placenta-derived MSCs (PMSCs). The tissues were collected from 11 female cats aged between 4 and 7 years old.

SAMPLE

EVs extracted from MSCs from discarded fetal membranes from 7 female cats and SC adipose tissue from 11 cats.

METHODS

We comprehensively explored morphological characteristics, mitochondrial density, surface markers, and pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, uncovering notable differences between ASCs and PMSCs.

RESULTS

Morphologically, ASCs exhibit a spindle-shaped form in contrast to the spherical morphology of PMSCs. Proliferation and clonogenic potential assessments reveal the faster proliferation and robust clonogenic nature of ASCs, suggesting their potential vital role in regenerative processes. Surface marker expression analysis indicates a significantly higher expression of multipotency-associated markers in ASCs, suggesting their superior proregenerative potential. Phenotyping of EVs demonstrates distinctive features, with CD9 expression suggesting varied EV secretion patterns. Notably, PMSCs exhibit superior CD81 expression, indicating their potential as preferred donors of mitochondria. Pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators analyzed at mRNA and microRNA levels reveal higher RNA content in EVs compared to source cells, emphasizing the potential of EVs in directing regenerative processes. Differential microRNA expression in EVs derived from ASCs hints at their regulatory roles in anti-inflammatory and immunometabolic processes.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

This study lays a foundation for understanding the nuances between ASCs and PMSCs, which is crucial for harnessing the full therapeutic potential of MSCs and their EVs in tissue repair and regeneration.
Review of current and potential applications of mesenchymal stem cells in exotic animal species
Authors: Johnson Valerie A.
Published: March 2024

The discovery that a population of cells derived from adult tissues had regenerative properties and could be expanded and utilized therapeutically led to an abundance of research into the safety and efficacy of these cells for a variety of disease processes. Derived from tissues of mesenchymal origin, these cells were called mesenchymal stem cells or mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs were subsequently found to have a variety of anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and regenerative properties both in vitro and in vivo. These cells have been extensively studied and demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases, and other pathologic conditions. Multiple veterinary clinical trials have been performed for diseases such as osteoarthritis, soft tissue, and tendon injuries in addition to other inflammatory and infectious conditions. Exotic animal species can pose additional challenges to the treatment of common medical conditions such as osteoarthritis due to varying metabolism and tolerance to medications as well as potential difficulty to medicate or utilize other common forms of therapy such as physical therapy, laser, massage, and acupuncture. Current knowledge of MSC use in exotic species is limited, but there is a large potential for benefit to a variety of species utilizing this novel therapeutic tool. This review includes a brief overview of mechanisms and known applications of this therapy as well as current and potential applications of MSCs in exotic animal species.
Rheoencephalography: A non-invasive method for neuromonitoring
Authors: Szabo Sandor , Totka Zsolt , Nagy-Bozsoky Jozsef , Pinter Istvan , Bagany Mihaly , Bodo Michael
Published: March 2024

In neurocritical care, the gold standard method is intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring for the patient's lifesaving. Since it is an invasive method, it is desirable to use an alternative, noninvasive technique. The computerized real-time invasive cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation (AR) monitoring calculates the status of CBF AR, called the pressure reactivity index (PRx). Studies documented that the electrical impedance of the head (Rheoencephalography – REG) can detect the status of CBF AR (REGx) and ICP noninvasively. We aimed to test REG to reflect ICP and CBF AR.

For nineteen healthy subjects we recorded bipolar bifrontal and bitemporal REG derivations and arm bioimpedance pulses with a 200 Hz sampling rate. The challenges were a 30-second breath-holding and head-down-tilt (HDT – Trendelenburg) position. Data were stored and processed offline. REG pulse wave morphology and REGx were calculated.

The most relevant finding was the significant morphological change of the REG pulse waveform (2nd peak increase) during the HDT position. Breath-holding caused REG amplitude increase, but it was not significant. REGx in male and female group averages have similar trends during HDT by indicating the active status of CBF AR.

The morphological change of REG pulse wave during HDT position was identical to ICP waveform change during increased ICP, reflecting decreased intracranial compliance. A correlation study between ICP and REG was initiated in neurocritical care patients. The noninvasive REG monitoring would also be useful in space research as well as in military medicine during the transport of wounded service members as well as for fighter pilots to indicate the loss of CBF and consciousness.
Association of combined −344T/C and K173R polymorphisms in aldosterone synthase gene with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Moroccan population
Authors: Nouhi Youssef , Aboubakr Fatima-Zahrae , Brini Otmane El , Benazzouz Bouchra , Akhouayri Omar
Published: March 2024

Background: Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) is crucial for aldosterone production, and variations in its gene may influence type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development. This study explores the link between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP11B2 gene - −344T/C and K173R and T2DM in the Moroccan population .

Methods: The research involved 86 individuals with T2DM and 75 control subjects. Genotyping for the −344T/C and K173R SNPs was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis .

Result: Results indicated significant differences in the genotype and allelic distribution of the CYP11B2 K173R polymorphism between T2DM patients and control subjects, with P-values of 0.02 and 0.04, respectively. The −344T/C polymorphism showed no significant genomic level differences, but its allelic variations were statistically significant (P=0.01), indicating a notable association between the C allele and T2DM. Furthermore, the K173R polymorphism was found to significantly increase T2DM risk, with a 2.34-fold higher risk in individuals carrying the KR genotype. The study also examined the combined effect of these SNPs. The dominant model analysis (TT vs. TC+CC and KK vs. KR+RR) showed significant differences between T2DM patients and controls for both SNPs. Additionally, a haplotype-based analysis revealed that the C-R haplotype was associated with an increased risk of T2DM.

Conclusion: Our study suggests a significant association between the CYP11B2-K173R polymorphism and T2DM in the Moroccan population. Conversely, while the CYP11B2 -344T/C polymorphism exhibits a significant difference in allelic distribution, no significant difference is observed at the genomic level.
World Economy and International Business for Students, Researchers and Practitioners
Authors: Zenkina E. V.
Published: March 2024

Book review:  Bulatov A., ed. 2023. World Economy and International Business: Theories, Trends, and Challenges. Springer Cham. 830 p. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-20328-2
Challenges and Opportunities for Maximizing the Utilization of the New Development Bank in Brazil
Authors: De Conti Bruno , Faccin Cyro
Published: March 2024

Initiating its operations in 2016, the New Development Bank (NDB) disbursed close to US$ 14.6 billion by the conclusion of 2021. However, Brazil received only US$ 1.86 billion (12.8%) of this sum, marking it as the recipient of the least funding from the Bank thus far. As the NDB approaches its seventh year of operation, it becomes imperative to assess its lending trajectory to Brazil, scrutinizing both the disincentives and the potential for augmenting loans to the country. With this objective in mind, this article endeavors to delve into the obstacles and opportunities for enhancing the NDB’s utilization in Brazil. Our hypothesis suggests that despite the recent surge in operations, there remains room for advancement, particularly in light of the political developments unfolding in Brazil in 2023.

Methodologically, the study hinges on analyzing NDB financial data, conducting interviews with pertinent stakeholders in Brazil, and scrutinizing and contrasting the financing institutional frameworks of the NDB and the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES). Our findings indicate that: i) access to the BNDES partially offsets the necessity for Brazilian firms to seek loans from the NDB; ii) a rigid institutional framework within the NDB and the Brazilian government impedes project approval and proposition; iii) all loans to Brazil thus far have been denominated in US dollars, diminishing their attractiveness; iv) there has been a lack of encouragement from the Brazilian national government, attributed to the reorientation of Brazilian foreign policy following the 2016 impeachment. Consequently, achieving a more prominent role and usage of the NDB necessitates not only an institutional reassessment of certain approval processes within the Brazilian government but also a more active, assertive, and collaborative stance from the Bank itself.
Using a 5P Strategic Medical Stockpile model to build an optimal and resilient supply chain in health emergencies
Authors: Vats Kanika , Sharif Yasser
Published: March 2024

Background: The healthcare sector witnessed the occurrences and impacts of disruptions on supply chains during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Consequently, it is essential to strengthen institutional medical supply chain systems by addressing the key attributes of strategic stockpile plan renewal: flexibility, traceability and transparency, perseverance and responsiveness, global independence, and equitable access.
Aim and objective: To establish a resilient supply chain integrated into the emergency management cycle by proposing a sustainable 5P Strategic Medical Stockpile model.
Settings: Online evidence, available literature, and lessons learned during the COVID-19 response in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi.
Methods: This review employed a systematic methodology of identification, selection, assessment, synthesis, and interpretation of data from peer-reviewed articles, review reports, and response frameworks spanning the years 2012 to 2020. Additionally, media reports and announcements were analyzed to determine the implications of COVID-19 on the supply chain from 2020 to 2022. Recommendations are formulated in response to the identified shortcomings revealed during the review process, as well as considering experiences and lessons resulting from responses to address COVID-19 in the Abu Dhabi Health Sector.
Results: Our analysis revealed a deficiency in effective operational protocols for building a robust supply chain. The experience gained from responding to COVID-19 has highlighted deficiencies such as unclear issues with stockpiles, inadequate resources, insufficient planning, the absence of established procedures, and a lack of performance monitoring. The pandemic had a tremendous impact on health systems and medical supply chains worldwide. Our suggested model necessitates aligning responses with national contingency protocols. Accountability may fluctuate during each phase of an emergency, depending on decision-making authority and jurisdictional capabilities.
Conclusion: The proposed 5P model can support policymakers, health regulators, institutions, and professionals in formulating strategies to establish a resilient stockpile system that serves as a medical supply chain buffer when supplies are not instantly accessible.
Penerapan Statistical Quality Control Pada Masa Inkubasi Pengalengan Ikan Lemuru di CV. Pasific Harvest Banyuwangi
Authors: Kurniawati Elly , Nabilla Exshi Nabilla , Putri Resti Pranata
Published: March 2024

Fish canning is a form of modern fish processing and preservation which is hermetically packed and then sterilized. Hermetic packaging means that the closure is very tight, so it cannot be penetrated by air, water, oxidation damage or changes in taste. This research was conducted to determine the quality control of canned lemuru products, especially during the incubation process at CV. Pacific Harvest Banyuwangi. The research method used is interview, observation, and literature study. The necessary data include production data, data on the number of defects in the incubation process, and types of defects in the incubation process. Method Statistical Quality Control (SQC) is used in controlling quality from the initial process to the finished product, as well as controlling the production process with certain quality standards that have been agreed upon by the company. Statistical quality control is a problem-solving technique used to monitor, control, analyze, manage, and improve products and processes using statistical methods. In this study, data analysis was done by making a check sheet (Check Sheet), Pareto Diagram,Scatter Diagrams, and Fishbone Diagram. In processing the data that has been obtained will use the application Microsoft Excel and Minitab 16 as research data processing. In the final results of the research, recommendations for appropriate improvements will be made for quality control of the quality of canned lemuru products so that they can be consumed and distributed.
Pengembangan Metode Teknik Sterilisasi Eksplan Guna Meningkatkan Keberhasilan Kultur Jaringan Tanaman Stevia (Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni)
Authors: Cahyono Eko Hadi , Riani Ningsih
Published: March 2024

Stevia rebaudiana Bert is a shrub native to the borders of Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina. The leaves of this plant produce steviol glycosides, a secondary metabolite which has a sweetness level of 200-300 times sweeter than sugarcane sucrose. Conventional stevia propagation methods cannot meet the increasing need for stevia seeds or seedlings. Tissue culture is able to fulfill this deficiency because it has the potential to produce large amounts of uniform plantlets. Tissue Culture Technique is a vegetative propagation of plants. Tissue culture includes the cultivation of cells or cell aggregates, tissues and organs of plants in a medium containing sugars, vitamins, amino acids, organic salts, water, growth regulators and compacting agents. The composition of the growing medium is also very beneficial for the growth of fungi and bacteria. Therefore, explant sterilization is an important factor in determining the success of a tissue culture program. The problem is that until now there is no optimal explant sterilization technique for Stevia tissue culture. The aim of this research is to find out the best explant sterilization method from a combination of several disinfectants on Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) explants which can remove contaminants on the explants. The main parameters observed were Source of Contamination (descriptive: shape and color), Percentage of Explants Alive, Percentage of Contamination, Percentage of Browning, and Time when contamination first appeared (Early). The results showed that the sterilization method F used running water, immersion in detergent for 10 minutes, immersion in 1.5% fungicide solution and 1.5% bactericide for 10 minutes, 70% alcohol immersion for 1 minute, 0.05% HgCl2 immersion 3 minutes and immersion in 10% and 5% NaOCl respectively for 5 minutes had the lowest contamination percentage of 20% and the highest survival presentation of 80% with 80% fungal and 20% bacterial contaminants and the initial contamination occurred in the first week of observation.
Rekayasa Kekuatan Impak Terhadap Polimer Matrik Berpenguat Serat Bambu Perlakuan Di Alkali Untuk Pengembangan Bodi, Rangka Kendaraan Elektrik
Authors: Purwanto Hengki , Rodiyah Andary Siti , Yasir Effendi Muhahammad
Published: March 2024

Material komposit adalah suatu material yang terbentuk dari dua material berbeda atau lebih yang di gabungkan menjadi satu. Dimana bahan tersebut adalah matrik (sebagai bahan pengisi dari komposit), dan Reinforcement (penguat dari komposit). Reinforsement ini adalah serat yang biasanya bersifat elastis, dan mempunyai ketangguhan yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh serat bambu terhadap penambahan variasi perlakuan di alkali sebagai bahan komposit baru. Serat bambu tersebut akan di perlakukan dialkali pada perbandingan yang berbeda beda. Perbandingan tersebut yaitu kadar larutan NaOH 5%, kadar larutan 10%, kadar larutan 15%. Perlakuan di alkali tersebut diharapkan dapat membersihkan kotoran kotoran yang melekat pada serat bambu tersebut, atau juga bisa mengurangi hemiselulosa, lignin atau pectin serat. Dari perlakuan dialkali tersebut bisa meningkatkan kekerasan yang menghasilkan mechanical interlocking yang lebih baikantara serat dengan matrik.  Dari hasil pengujian impak memiliki nilai energi serap dan harga impak yang nilainya hampir sama, walaupun selisih sedikit. Pengujian impak ini menghasilkan rata rata energi serap, untuk fariasi dengan kadar NAOH 5 %, kadar NAOH 10 %, dan  kadar NAOH 15 %, yaitu : 67,0663 Joule, 67,1709 Joule, 67,1861 Joule. Dengan harga impak masing masing yaitu : 0,8287 J/mm2 , 0,8726 J/mm2 , 0,8823 J/mm2. Sehingga dapat si simpulkan untuk material yang kami buat ini yaitu, fariasi dengan kadar NaOH 15% mendapatkan nilai harga impak 0,8823 J/mm2 , dengan energi serap 67,1861 Joule.
Pengaruh Penambahan Bubuk Aerosil Pada Uji Drop Test Material Komposit Serat Daun Nanas Dan Serbuk Arang
Authors: Harijono Harijono , Fanani Ahmad , Hartono Hartono
Published: March 2024

Komposit adalah campuran dua bahan atau juga lebih yang terdiri dari matriks dan penguat/ serat. Pada umumnya penelitian di lakukan memakai satu jenis serat. Oleh karena itu, penulis menggunakan kombinasi serat daun nanas dan serbuk arang sebagai bahan penguat polymer hybrid composite untuk menghasilkan sifat gabungan antara kedua penguat tersebut.Penelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi kepada pembaca terkait kekuatan dan ketangguhan polymer hybrid composite dengan penguat serat daun nanas dan serbuk arang. Seperti yang sudah pada penelitian sebelumnya yaitu  “Rekayasa KekuatanImpak Terhadap Polymer Hybrid Composite Fariasi Penambahan Serat Daun Nanas Dan Serbuk Arang”. Dari Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan Impak meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya fraksi volume serat daun nanas yang diakibatkan oleh pendistribusian beban yang baik. Berbagai latar belakang di atas memunculkan gagasan untuk melakukan penelitian tentang variasi penambahan serat daun nanas dan serbuk arang dalam pembuatan polymer hybrid composite terhadap kekuatan Uji Tumbuk/ Drop. Pengujian Uji Tumbuk/Drop ini menggunakan pendulum yang beratnya adalah 0,5 kg, dengan ketinggian 3 meter dari jarak pendulum ke speciment. Dengan ketebalan speciment rata rata adalah 1,5 mm. Material atau speciment dengan perbandingan volume filler antara serat daun nanas dan serbuk arang antara 10% : 30%   mendapatkan kondisi yang getas atau kurangnya serat, sehingga apabila terkena hantaman pendulum dengan berat 0,5 kg dengan ketinggian 3 meter maka akan menimbulkan luka berat atau berlubang di permukaan speciment. Speciment dengan perbandingan volume filler antara serat daun nanas dan serbuk arang antara 30% : 10%   mendapatkan kondisi yang baik, yaitu tidak adanya lubang atau kawah yang terlalu besar, hanya saja menimbulkan kawah yang kecil di permukaan speciment.
Pengujian Sitotoksisitas Paduan Mg-1,6gd Sebagai Bahan Implan Dengan Sel Osteoblast
Authors: Susanti Oknovia
Published: March 2024

The high number of traffic accidents in Indonesia causes many victims which suffer from broken bones. Treatment which can be conducted is bone implants installation. Furthermore, magnesium is an attractive material for biodegradable bone implants since its physical properties are almost similar to human bone, but in the human body, magnesium experiences rapid dissolution before new tissue grows. Therefore, it needs to be combined with gadolonium in order to delay the solubility of magnesium. Before the Mg-Gd alloy was used as implant material, it is important to conduct a cytotoxicity test by using osteoblast cells. In order to obtain cell viability after it was given treatment, this study used the MTT Assay method. Furthermore, Mg-1,6Gd samples which had rolled with 80% and 95% reduction at various temperatures of 400 ⃘ C, 450 ⃘ C, 500 ⃘ C, and 550 ⃘ C were inserted into plates which contained osteoblast cells. After the samples were incubated for 3, 7, and 14 days, the MTT was dissolved into the plate and it was read with Elisa Plate Reader. The study shows that the sample which has rolled with 95% reduction is non- toxic since the average viability value is above 70%. In addition, samples which had rolled with 80% and 95% reduction at a temperature of 400  ⃘ C have stable viability value which is above 70%.
Verifikasi Nilai Monitor Unit terhadap Dosis Keluaran Berkas Radiasi Elektron pada Pesawat Terapi LINAC CX
Authors: Valimtino Valimtino , Adrial Rico , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang verifikasi nilai monitor unit terhadap dosis keluaran berkas radiasi elektron pada pesawat LINAC CX. Verifikasi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis keluaran berkas radiasi elektron sesuai dengan nilai monitor unit yang dimasukkan pada pesawat terapi LINAC CX. Penelitian dilakukan pada fantom air yang berada di sumbu pusat penyinaran dengan Source Surface Distance (SSD) 100 cm, luas lapangan penyinaran 10x10 cm, dan perangkat aplikator elektron berukuran 10x10 cm. Sebelum dilakukan penyinaran, Plane Parallel Chamber (PPC) dimasukkan pada fantom air sebagai detektor dan terhubung ke elektrometer. Variasi nilai monitor unit yang digunakan yaitu 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, dan 400 MU/menit. Hasil dosis keluaran berkas radiasi elektron pada energi 6 MeV mengalami penyimpangan dosis rata-rata 0,54% dan pada energi 9 MeV yaitu 0,10%. Penyimpangan ini tidak berpengaruh terhadap keselamatan pasien dan masih dalam batas toleransi yang ditetapkan TRS 398 IAEA yaitu <3%.
Kandungan Mikroplastik Pada Kolom Air di Sungai Siak Provinsi Riau
Authors: Tampubolon Alex Juara , Budijono Budijono , Fauzi Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tipe dan kelimpahan mikroplastik serta distribusinya berdasarkan kedalaman. Pelaksanaan survei dilakukan selama 3 bulan di mulai dari bulan Januari hingga Maret 2023 pada 3 stasiun, yaitu: Stasiun 1 (hulu - Desa Karya Indah), Stasiun 2 (tengah - Kelurahan Tebing Tinggi Okura) dan Stasiun 3 (hilir - Desa Tualang sebanuak 3 kali dengan interval sebulan sekali. Pada setiap stasiun, sampel mikroplastik komposit sebanyak 30 L diambil di bagian kiri, tengah dan kanan sungai pada 3 kedalaman air (permukaan, 5m dan 10m) menggunakan water sampler, kemudian disaring menjadi 300 mL dengan jaring plankton no 25. Sampel air tersaring dari tiap lokasi dan kedalaman disaring dengan kertas Whatman dan diberi KOH 10%, kemudian didiamkan selama 14 hari. Tipe mikroplastik diidentifikasi dengan mikroskop binocular dan dihitung kelimpahannya. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh 3 tipe mikroplastik (fiber, fragmen dan film) pada kedalaman dan semua lokasi sampling. Tipe fiber dan fragmen melimpah pada kedalaman 5 m dan total kelimpahan ketiga mikroplastik terbanyak ditemukan pada Stasiun 3 (hilir sungai). Disimpulkan bahwa kelimpahan total mikroplastik berbeda sangat nyata berdasarkan kedalaman dan lokasi pengambilan sampel.