bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sexual Offense Disclosure Assessment in Youth Referred to Community Treatment: A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Kolko David J. , Foster Katherine T. , Torres Eunice , Hart Jonathan , Rounds Jeff , Rumbarger Kevin
Published: November 2022

This study seeks to extend research evaluating tools to assess the disclosure of sexually abusive behavior. The subjects were 239 male youth (ages 10–20 years) who were court-ordered to participate in a community-based collaborative intervention for sexual offending that includes outpatient and probationary services. All youth participated in an interview to capture referral incident details about admission, responsibility, empathy, and remorse at intake, during intervention, and at discharge. Intake, treatment, discharge, and recidivism measures were also collected from multiple sources. Latent class analysis identified three classes based on the intake interview: Empathetic Admitters (22%), Unempathetic Admitters (38%), and Unempathetic Deniers (40%). Significant class differences were found on intake (e.g., use of physical force, caregiver denial of youth responsibility), treatment (e.g., any sanctions/violations), and discharge measures (e.g., successful treatment, probation officer ratings), but not in recidivism rates. The findings extend efforts to identify and target different disclosure patterns whose clinical monitoring may support a comprehensive intervention.
Girls of Color Embodied and Experiential Dreams for Education
Authors: Player Grace D.
Published: November 2022

Through an exploration of an afterschool writing club for middle school girls of Color (GOC), this article puts forth the argument that GOC consistently leverage incisive critiques of schooling through multiple literacies, including embodied and experiential ways of knowing and communicating. However, oftentimes, these critiques are ignored because their literacies are marginalized, ignored, and misread. As informed by their lived and felt experiences, it becomes apparent how school has failed them and how they continue to persist in their learning, their work, and their building toward the futures they deserve and desire, sometimes in ways that are recognized by schools, sometimes in resistance to school standards. Further, the article puts forth a model of what education can look like when GOC multiple literacies are centered and celebrated. Educators, researchers, and policy makers must understand GOC as hopeful and desiring learners and create spaces that honor and respect their multifaceted literacies.
Populist radical parties, pariahs, and coalition bargaining delays
Authors: Bäck Hanna , Debus Marc , Imre Michael
Published: November 2022

Most parliamentary democracies have seen a rise of populist radical parties during the past decades. Many countries have also experienced severely delayed government formation processes, with caretaker governments in office for extended periods of time. Are these delays related to the rise of radical parties? We argue that the rise of populist radical parties may prolong the bargaining process, due to the fact that these parties are often treated as pariahs by other parties during election campaigns, which creates a complex bargaining situation after the election. We evaluate this claim by studying 121 government formation processes in the German States from 1990 until 2021, using original data which includes statements made by parties during election campaigns. The findings show that a higher share of seats allocated to parties from the radical right and radical left results in an increasing amount of days until a new government is voted into office. We also find that when a party that has been characterized as being ‘non-coalitionable’ during the election campaign ends up among the negotiating parties, the government formation process is severely delayed. These findings suggest that the rise of populist radical parties may create severe challenges for parliamentary democracy.
Development and evaluation of a mobile application trauma registry for use in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Grant Chantalle L. , Ali Ali Mohamad , Oyania Felix , Oloya Patrick , Robinson Tessa , Cameron Brian , Situma Martin , Eurich Dean , Bigam David , Saleh Abdullah
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Trauma registries are a means for improving trauma care in low- and middle-income countries, though a number of challenges for the sustainability of these trauma registries exist. Mobile health applications represent a promising technology for low- and middle-income country trauma registries. The development, implementation and evaluation of a mobile application trauma registry for use at the Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda is demonstrated.

Methods

A paper-based trauma registry was implemented at the Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. Based on feedback from local stakeholders, this was developed into an open-source mobile application version of the trauma registry. The mobile application was evaluated by 17 healthcare workers using a modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology questionnaire and qualitative analysis.

Results

Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology scores showed the majority of participants responding positively to the major constructs of Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence and Facilitating Conditions, with mean Likert scores (out of 7) of 6.41 (±1.43), 6.25 (±1.41), 5.44 (±1.43) and 5.32 (±1.99), respectively. There was also a young average user age (29.1 years). Qualitative analysis identified response themes of ease of use, efficiency and potential for future research and clinical use; users also suggested expansion of the type of platforms the application was available on.

Conclusion

Though a number of challenges exist for sustaining trauma registries in low- and middle-income countries, substantial involvement of local stakeholders and responsiveness to feedback should be used to facilitate the use of these technologies in developing countries. This study demonstrates a potential methodology for developing and evaluating trauma registry technologies for use in low- and middle-income countries.
The Prognostic Value of Preoperative Albumin-to-Alkaline Phosphatase Ratio on Survival Outcome for Patients With Locally Advanced Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Tsai Ming-Hsien , Chuang Hui-Ching , Lin Yu-Tsai , Yang Kun-Lin , Lu Hui , Huang Tai-Lin , Tsai Wen-Ling , Su Yan-Ye , Fang Fu-Min
Published: November 2022

Background: This retrospective cohort study was to assess the prognostic value of preoperative albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) on survival outcome for patients with locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (LAOSCC). Methods: A total of 250 patients with LAOSCC receiving upfront radical surgery at a single institute from January 2008 to December 2017 were enrolled. The primary endpoint was the survival predictability of preoperative AAPR on the 5-year overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and disease-free survival (DFS). Cox proportional hazards model was used for survival analysis. The X-tile software was used to estimate the optimal cut-off value of preoperative AAPR on survival prediction. A predictive nomogram incorporating the clinicopathological factors on OS was further generated. Results: The 5-year OS, CSS, and DFS rates were 68.6%, 79.7%, and 61.7%, respectively. The optimal cut-off of preoperative AAPR to predict the 5-year OS was observed to be 0.51. For those with preoperative AAPR≧0.51, the 5-year OS, CSS, and DFS were statistically significantly superior to those with preoperative AAPR<0.51 (OS: 76.1% vs 48.5%, P < .001; CSS: 84.3% vs 66.4%, P = .005; DFS: 68.9% vs 42.6%, P < .001). In Cox model, we observed that preoperative AAPR<0.51 was a significantly negative prognosticator of OS (HR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.466-3.361, P < .001), CSS (HR: 2.037, 95% CI: 1.16-3.578, P  = .013), and DFS (HR: 1.756, 95% CI: 1.075-2.868, P  = .025). After adding the variable of preoperative AAPR, the c-index of the predictive nomogram incorporating assorted clinicopathological factors increases from 0.663 to 0.692 for OS. Conclusion: Our results suggest that preoperative AAPR serves as an independent survival predictor for patients with LAOSCC. The nomogram incorporating preoperative AAPR and various clinicopathological features may be a convenient tool to estimate the mortality risk for patients with LAOSCC.
High Expression of Folate Receptor Alpha (FOLR1) is Associated With Aggressive Tumor Behavior, Poor Response to Chemoradiotherapy, and Worse Survival in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Chen Chih-I , Li Wan-Shan , Chen Hsin-Pao , Liu Kuang-Wen , Tsai Chia-Jen , Hung Wei-Ju , Yang Ching-Chieh
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Recently, molecular medicine targeting Folate Receptor Alpha (FOLR1), which mediates intracellular folate uptake and tumor cell proliferation, has been identified in several malignancies. However, the association between FOLR1 expression and rectal cancer remains unclear. Methods: Immunostaining of FOLR1 was performed on biopsy specimens from 172 rectal cancer patients undergoing preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT). FOLR1 expression was measured and divided into low (0+-2+) or high (3+-4+) level. Correlations between FOLR1 status and clinicopathologic features, tumor regression grade, disease-specific survival (DSS), local recurrence-free survival, and metastasis-free survival (MeFS) were analyzed, retrospectively. Results: High FOLR1 expression was significantly associated with advanced post-treatment tumor and nodal status (T3-4; N1-2, P = .001), vascular invasion ( P = .042), perineural invasion ( P = .012), and poor regression change after CRT ( P = .001). In uni- and multi-variable survival analysis, FOLR1 overexpression remained a significant predictor of lower DSS (hazard ratio [HR], 2.328; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.014-5.344; P = .046) and MeFS (HR, 2.177; 95% CI, 1.000-1.1286; P = .050). Conclusion: These results indicate that high FOLR1 status is associated with aggressive tumor behavior, poor response to CRT, and worse survival. Therefore, FOLR1 expression at initial biopsy may be useful in predicting outcomes and also be a target for the exploration of FOLR1-based therapeutic agents.
Cutaneous Blastomycosis Presenting as a Nonhealing Wound in the Northeast United States: A Case Report
Authors: Shah Hemali , Carstensen Teresa , Kmeid Michel , Bialowas Christie
Published: November 2022

Primary cutaneous blastomycosis is a rare presentation of infection caused by direct inoculation of a wound. We present a 61-year-old male with an extensive history of wound dehiscence and wound care noncompliance after a bite from a brown recluse spider on the left thigh while on vacation in Cape Cod in September of 2020. After antibiotic therapy and culture, treatment involved debridement, split thickness skin grafting, strict wound vacuum-assisted closure care, and oral itraconazole. This brief demonstrates a case of blastomycosis arising from trauma in a non-endemic region for infection and serves as an example of successful management of the longstanding wound.
Comprehensive Occupational and Environmental Risk Assessment of Elemental Mercury at the Edison National Historic Site in West Orange, NJ
Authors: Fontaine Bernard L.
Published: November 2022

The Thomas A. Edison National Laboratory in West Orange, NJ was used to research and develop many inventions including experiments with a mercury oxide battery. Historical letter from Ms. Kellogg to Thomas Edison in 1884 reported the outcome of using mercury while conducting research. Preliminary test results showed spread of some contamination to artifact throughout the laboratory but the majority of the mercury was confined to a specific area of the lab. Spillage of elemental mercury in the Small Dry Cell Lab on the third floor of Building 5 leaked through the floor and ceiling on the second floor below. A comprehensive preliminary site risk assessment was conducted to evaluate the location and extent of the mercury contamination. Remediation work was conducted to remove the wood floor and ceiling but the work plan and health and safety plan for the project was inadequate. Workers were exposed to elevated levels of mercury vapor. Changes were made to reduce the risk and occupational exposure. The work was accomplished successfully without mercury poisioning after implementing more elaborate engineering and administrative controls.
Pharmacologic Treatments in Upper Extremity Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Review and Analysis of Quality of Evidence
Authors: Tihista Mikel , Robinson Emily , Polmear Michael , Scanaliato John , Ramirez Michael , Dunn John
Published: November 2022

Background:

The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of evidence informing on common pharmacologic modalities used in upper extremity complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).

Methods:

A literature search was performed for primary prospective trials that reported on the pharmacologic treatment of CRPS type I and II specific to the upper extremity. Thirty-one trials were included and evaluated by 2 independent reviewers according to the Oxford Levels of Evidence (LOE), modified Coleman Methodology Score, and the revised Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) score. Cohen’s kappa coefficient was calculated to measure interrater reliability.

Results:

Twenty-two Oxford LOE I and 9 level II trials met the inclusion criteria. Overall, there was high interrater reliability in the Oxford LOE (100% agreement), modified Coleman Methodology Score (87% agreement), and CONSORT score (94% agreement). The pharmacologic interventions with the highest quality of evidence supporting use in treatment of upper extremity CRPS were bisphosphonates and ketamine. Interventions that lack high-quality evidence are tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and topical dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Pharmacologic agents that remain inconclusive are calcitonin, gabapentin, mycophenolate, probiotics, steroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamin C, and N-acetylcysteine. Agents with limited benefit are mannitol, isosorbide dinitrate, guanethidine, and morphine.

Conclusions:

Based on the evidence evaluated in this study, bisphosphonates should be considered as a first-line medication in the treatment of CRPS. In patients presenting with chronic or refractory CRPS, strong consideration should be given for the use of ketamine. Adjunct treatment in the acute setting should include TCAs and/or topical DMSO.
A Literature Review of Studies that Have Compared the Use of Face-To-Face and Online Focus Groups
Authors: Jones Janet E , Jones Laura L , Calvert Melanie J , Damery Sarah L , Mathers Jonathan M
Published: November 2022

Online communication in our work and private lives has increased significantly since the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative research has evolved with this trend with many studies adopting online methods. It is therefore timely to assess the use and utility of online focus groups compared to face-to-face focus groups. Traditional Pearl Growing Methodology was used to identify eligible papers. Data were extracted on data collection methods, recruitment and sampling strategies, analytical approaches to comparing data sets, the depth of data produced, participant interactions and the required resources. A total of 26 papers were included in the review. Along with face-to-face focus groups ( n = 26) 16 studies conducted synchronous, eight asynchronous and two both online focus group methods. Most studies ( n = 22) used the same recruitment method for both face-to-face and online focus groups. A variety of approaches to compare data sets were used in studies. Of the studies reporting on depth of data ( n = 19), nine found that face-to-face groups produced the most in-depth data, four online groups and six equivalent data. Participant interaction was reported to be greater during face-to-face groups in 10 studies; three reported online groups produced greater interaction and six equivalent interaction. Detailed resource use comparisons were not presented in any of the studies. This review demonstrates that to date there is not a clear consensus as to whether face-to-face or online focus groups hold specific advantages in terms of the data produced and the resources required. Given these findings it may be appropriate for researchers to consider using online focus groups where time and resources are constrained, or where these are more practicable.
When chronic critical illness is a family affair: A multi-perspective qualitative study of family involvement in long-term care
Authors: Howard A Fuchsia , Crowe Sarah , Choroszewski Laura , Kovatch Joe , Kelly Mary , Haljan Gregory
Published: November 2022

Objective

Those with chronic critical illness (CCI) remain dependent on life-sustaining treatments and increasingly reside in long-term care facilities equipped to meet their needs. The nature of family involvement in care remains undetermined thwarting approaches to mitigate poor family outcomes. The research objective was to explicate family involvement in the care of an individual with CCI who resides in long-term care.

Methods

In this qualitative research, we used thematic analysis and constant comparative techniques to analyze data from interviews with 38 participants: 11 family members, 6 residents with CCI, and 21 healthcare providers.

Results

Involvement in care entailed family: (1) reorienting their life despite the stress and emotional toll; (2) assuming responsibility for meaningful activities and management of practical matters, yet struggling alone; (3) advocating for care by being present, reminding and pushing, and picking their battles; and (4) figuring out how to contribute to nursing care, but with unclear expectations.

Discussion

The burden of family caregiving was substantial, contrasting the assumption that family are relieved of their caregiver responsibilities when the patient with CCI is in a care facility. Research to address unmet family needs specific to their roles and responsibilities could potentially improve family outcomes and is warranted.
Conservative management of pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Karavadra Babu , Mukhopadhyay Sambit , Giarenis Ilias , Gray Thomas
Published: November 2022

Pelvic organ prolapse is the descent of one or more pelvic organs, (including the bladder, uterus and rectum) from their normal anatomical position into the vaginal canal. Many patients with pelvic organ prolapse can be managed conservatively in the community with the use of supervised pelvic floor muscle training and/or vaginal pessaries. This article explains how to assess and conservatively treat pelvic organ prolapse, with particular focus on how to fit and manage vaginal pessaries.
Exploration of the Pharmacological Mechanism of Bufei Nashen Pill in Treating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using Network Pharmacology Integrated Molecular Docking
Authors: Ma Qin , Zhang An-ni , Zhang Chang-xi
Published: November 2022

Objective: Based on network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking verification, the therapeutic mechanism of Bufei Nashen Pill (BFNSP) in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is discussed. Methods: First, the active ingredients and therapeutic targets of BFNSP were determined based on literature and the Chinese medicine system pharmacology database. Relevant targets of COPD were determined using GeneCard, Therapeutic Target Database and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM). The con-targets of BFNSP and COPD were then obtained through the Veen platform, which were implemented in Cytoscape to build “Drug-Ingredients-Potential Target network.” Target gene function enrichment analysis and signal pathway analysis were performed based on STRING database, Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway database. Finally, SYBYL 2.2.1 software was used to finish docking. Results: In the Drug-Ingredients-Potential Targets network, 172 active ingredients and 183 potential targets were found. Enrichment analysis showed that potential targets mainly involve biological functions such as inflammation, reactive oxygen, and immunity. Molecular docking showed that the active ingredients of BFNSP had preferential interaction with interleukin 6, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, SRC, epidermal growth factor receptor, and matrix metalloproteinase-9. Conclusion: BFNSP can be used to treat COPD by the regulation of inflammation, immunity, and hypoxia tolerance.
Evaluation of the Results of a Periodic Environmental Biosecurity Assessment Program on Air Quality in Controlled Environment Rooms of Hospitals
Authors: Sabuco-Tébar Emiliana A. , Arense-Gonzalo Julián J. , Campayo-Rojas F. Javier
Published: November 2022

Aim:

Determine the utility of the Periodic Environmental Biosecurity Assessment Program (PEBAP) in achieving clean air as measured by the number of colony-forming units (CFU) of fungi and bacteria in the air.

Background:

There is no international consensus on the sampling frequency, the recommended limits for microorganisms in the air nor on the usefulness of routine microbiological air monitoring of hospitals.

Methods:

During the PEBAP, data were recollected between 2010 and 2017 in eight hospitals in southeast Spain. Air samples were collected in very high risk rooms (VHRRs) and high risk rooms (HRRs), unoccupied, using active sampling methods. Temperature, relative humidity, air changes per hour (ACH), and differential pressure were measured. When limits of CFU of opportunistic fungi and bacteria established in the PEBAP were exceeded, corrective measures were adopted.

Results:

We found a reduction ( p < .01) of percentage of air samples with fungi growth throughout the years of PEBAP in all rooms. Aspergillus was the most frequent opportunistic fungus. We found a high compliance of the standards of CFU of bacteria in HRR, and the percentage of compliance in VHRR was lower than in HRR in all years. Differences in environmental and design parameters were statistically significant ( p < .05) between rooms, except for ACH.

Conclusions:

PEBAP resulted in a useful tool to maintain and improve air quality in hospitals. The control of environmental biosecurity requires a multidisciplinary approach from preventive medicine, engineering, and cleaning services. Aspergillus is the most frequent opportunistic fungus in southeast Spain.
Lipopolysaccharide-Initiated Rhinosinusitis Causes Neuroinflammation and Olfactory Dysfunction in Mice
Authors: Yeh Chien-Fu , Huang Wei-Hao , Lan Ming-Ying , Hung Wei
Published: November 2022

Background

Olfactory dysfunction is a common disease and it may be caused by sinonasal inflammation, toxin inhalation, or neurological disorders. After sinonasal inflammation, if both olfactory neuroinflammation and olfactory dysfunction occur still under investigation.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate whether neuroinflammation and olfactory dysfunction occur after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-initiated rhinosinusitis.

Methods

Adult C57BL/6 mice were intranasally administered with LPS for 3 weeks. The olfactory function was evaluated with a buried food test. The inflammatory status of sinonasal cavity and olfactory bulb was evaluated with histology and biochemistry.

Results

After 3-week LPS treatment, mice developed olfactory dysfunction, sinonasal cavity, and olfactory bulb inflammation. LPS-treated mice had greater sinonasal mucosal thickness. Besides, pro-inflammatory interleukin-6, the number of goblet cells and neutrophils in the sinonasal cavity was increased after LPS administration. The olfactory sensory neurons in the olfactory epithelium and the olfactory bulb were decreased, and the olfactory function was impaired by LPS administration. Inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α were increased in the olfactory bulb.

Conclusion

This study showed that LPS-initiated rhinosinusitis caused olfactory neuroinflammation and olfactory dysfunction in mice.
Political shock and international students: Estimating the “Trump effect”
Authors: Song Mingsi , Li Quan
Published: November 2022

The negative “Trump Effect” on international students has attracted wide media and scholarly attention. Surprisingly, the best existing evidence remains anecdotal and case-based. In this study, we fill this important gap. We employ a difference-in-differences (DID) design to estimate the Trump effect for the US vis-a-vis various control groups: top 5, top 10, top 20, and all other countries that compete with the US. We find a statistically significant and negative Trump effect that drives international students from the US to competing destinations. Relative to the top five competitors, about 12% fewer students came to the US during the first 3 years of the Trump Presidency. The average treatment effect is statistically significant across the top 5, top 10, and top 20 destination groups but not for the group of all other destinations as a whole. Pairwise DID estimates between the US and 91 individual countries further indicate that the Trump effect is primarily driven by 26 host nations. These findings contribute to our understanding of Trump effects, student flows, and migration.
Estimated Impact of Deemed Consent Legislation for Organ Donation on Individuals With Kidney Failure: A Dynamic Decision Analytic Model
Authors: P. Koto , J. Vinson A. , A. Kiberd B. , S. Beed , K. Krmpotic , J. Dirk , J. Weiss M. , Tennankore Karthik K.
Published: November 2022

Background:

There is little data modeling the impact of deemed consent legislation (eligible individuals who do not register their decision to decline to be a donor are presumed to consent after death) on outcomes for individuals with kidney failure.

Objective:

To estimate the change in life-years (LYs) and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) resulting from different changes in the rate of deceased donor kidney transplantation associated with deemed consent legislation and health system transformation.

Design:

Dynamic Decision Analytic Model.

Setting:

This modeling study included kidney failure patients in Atlantic Canada (all of whom receive their kidney transplants in Halifax, Nova Scotia). The adoption of deemed consent legislation was the intervention, and opt-in (the status quo) was the reference comparator.

Patients:

Prevalent kidney failure patients at the end of 2019 in all of Atlantic Canada (N = 3615) served as the starting population.

Methods:

We compared expected outcomes between the intervention and comparator. Changes in QALYs and total LYs were modeled under different changes to the proportion of patients receiving a deceased donor kidney transplant (from –10% to 20%) resulting from deemed consent relative to the status quo. Changes in QALYs and LYs were reported for 3 different time horizons (5, 10, and 30 years). Uncertainty around QALYs and total LYs was reported using 95% confidence intervals (CIs) constructed from a probabilistic sensitivity analysis using 1000 Monte Carlo Simulations.

Results:

The increase in QALYs ranged from 7 QALYs (95% CI: 5-10) with a 5% increase using a 5-year time frame to 882 QALYs (95% CI: 619-1144) with a 20% increase over a 30-year time frame. Parallel changes in total LYs were also observed. In contrast, decreases in deceased donor kidney transplantation resulted in a loss of QALYs (for example, –463 QALYs; 95% CI: –633 to –306 for a 10% decrease over a 30-year time frame). Using the most optimistic scenario (a 20% increase), there was an 18% increase in the cumulative number of deceased donor kidney transplant recipients over a 30-year observation period.

Limitations:

The results are subject to uncertainty depending on changes to the dialysis or transplant population that were not modeled and that may not be fully captured with probabilistic sensitivity analysis.

Conclusions:

Deemed consent legislation will lead to variable changes in QALYs and total LYs for the kidney failure population, depending on the degree to which deceased donor transplantation rates change and the time horizon of observation. This modeling study may serve as a baseline to monitor the future impact of deemed consent legislation.
One hour observation of patients after image-guided percutaneous renal mass biopsy
Authors: Valtersson John , Rasmussen Benjamin S , Elgborn Anders , Lund Lars , Graumann Ole
Published: November 2022

Background

Imaging-guided percutaneous biopsy of renal masses is regarded as safe and is widely used for histopathology diagnosis before treatment. Recommended observation time after tumour biopsy varies in international guidelines and the literature is sparse.

Purpose

To assess the effect of a 1-h post-biopsy observation time of percutaneous image-guided renal mass biopsy.

Material and Methods

This was a single-centre retrospective study. During January 2015 to September 2019, a total of 484 patients underwent renal mass biopsies. 4-h-observation-group: 178 patients and 1-h-observation-group 306 patients. All records were retrospectively reviewed, and data such as complications was obtained and compared between the two groups.

Results

A total complication rate of 4.5% ( n = 22) without any major complications (Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe-grade (CIRSE) 5–6). Furthermore, a non-significant difference of 1.3% of the 1-h group and 3.4% in the 4-h group experiencing complications was found ( p = .18). A total biopsy-accuracy of 84% was observed.

Conclusion

This study shows that renal mass biopsy is safe with no major complications. This suggests that an outpatient approach with 1-h-observation time can be safely implemented for renal mass biopsy.
Using Media to Influence Consumer Attitudes to Domestic Goods in Vietnam by Framing Public Interest: A Media Framing Effect Analysis
Authors: Pham Chien Thang , Nguyet Trang Ta Thi
Published: November 2022

Recent research shows the importance of purchasing local products for development the local and national economy. In developing countries, consumption of domestic products is a rapidly growing trend as it contributes to the development of brands and images of local companies. Faced with a foreign product preference in Vietnam, the Vietnamese government has organized a campaign entitled “Vietnamese people prioritizing Vietnamese products” in which local companies are encouraged to enhance their product quality, and consumers are encouraged to buy locally manufactured products. This study seeks to investigate how the Vietnamese government has shaped consumer behavior for domestic goods by framing public interest in the campaign. An analysis of 274 news articles in popular newspapers showed four main frames: campaign’s policy framing (CP), benefit of using Vietnamese goods (VG), advanced role models (RM), and criticizing foreign product preference (CF). A survey with 526 Vietnamese consumers indicated that four frames significantly predicted consumer attitudes. Results of the linear regression model were significant, the R-squared ( R2) value was .25, indicating that approximately 25% of the variance in LP was explained by CP, VG, CF, and RM. RM, VG, and CP significantly predicted LP, but CF did not significantly predict LP. The findings suggest that further studies test the framing theory by using media coverage as a secondary source.
Exploring the Relationship between WeChat Usage and E-purchase Intention During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among University Students in China
Authors: Aboulilah Haitham Medhat Abdelaziz Elsayed , Hossain Syed Far Abid , Vuong Bui Nhat , Jebril Tawfiq
Published: November 2022

Young generations, especially students, are increasingly turning their attention to e-purchasing apps. However, little has been investigated regarding students’ tendencies during market turbulence or a pandemic situation such as COVID-19. To address this knowledge gap, this study develops a model from the perspective of e-purchase intention for university students during the COVID-19 pandemic based on one of the most famous social network sites (SNSs), WeChat, in China. The model is tested using survey data from 608 students studying in China. The results indicate that WeChat, as a popular and commonly used social media, affects users in their e-purchase intention during the COVID-19 pandemic in China through information shared by various users. Further, the effect of trust moderates the relationship between market turbulence and e-purchase intention among university students in China. Despite some limitations, such as survey data collected from students only in a single country, the study contributes to theory and practice by shedding light on SNS-based e-purchase intention among students in China during market turbulence. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications gleaned from this study and its empirical results are discussed.
Interpersonal Relationships and Callous-Unemotional Traits During Adolescence and Young Adulthood: An Investigation of Bidirectional Effects in Parent, Peer, and Romantic Relationships
Authors: Vaughan Erin P. , Frick Paul J. , Robertson Emily L. , Ray James V. , Thornton Laura C. , Wall Myers Tina D. , Steinberg Laurence , Cauffman Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

Callous-unemotional (CU) traits, or limited prosocial emotions, designate an important subgroup of individuals with conduct problems. These traits are associated with low quality of interpersonal relationships, but limited research has investigated the direction of these effects. In the present study, we investigated the longitudinal associations between CU traits and warmth with parents, friends, and romantic partners over a 5-year span in a sample of justice-involved adolescent and young-adult males. Random intercept cross-lagged panel analyses indicated that CU traits predicted reductions in parental warmth throughout adolescence and young adulthood. Negative bidirectional associations between CU traits and romantic warmth were present during young adulthood. However, although individuals with higher CU traits had less warm friendships, there were no within-individuals predictive associations over time. Findings indicate that CU traits are predictive of problematic interpersonal relationships, and these relationships need to be considered in intervention, including focusing on improving romantic warmth in young adulthood.
Sex-Based Differences in Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopic Surgery for Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review
Authors: McCormack Thomas J. , Vopat Matthew L. , Rooker Jacob , Tarakemeh Armin , Baker Jordan , Templeton Kimberly J. , Mulcahey Mary K. , Mullen Scott M. , Schroeppel John P. , Vopat Bryan G.
Published: November 2022

Background:

While sex-based differences in outcomes after hip arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) are often recorded, no studies have been dedicated to analyzing the literature as a whole.

Purpose:

To investigate whether sex is a predictor of outcomes in studies evaluating hip arthroscopic surgery for FAIS.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Ovid, and PubMed Central databases for English-language studies that evaluated sex-specific outcomes in human populations. The search terms used were as follows: (“Hip Arthroscopy”) AND (“Femoroacetabular Impingement” OR “FAI”) AND (“Sex” OR “Gender” OR “Male” OR “Female”). Studies with evidence levels 2 through 4 were included. The studies were then screened, followed by data extraction. Modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) outcomes and return-to-sport (RTS) rates were recorded. These were analyzed using random-effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was calculated using the I 2 statistic.

Results:

Of 256 full-text articles screened, 48 articles were included in this analysis; of these, 14 studies (29%) concluded that female sex was a negative predictor of postoperative outcomes, while 6 studies (13%) found female sex to be positive predictor. The remaining 28 studies (58%) found no sex-based differences in postoperative outcomes. Of 7 studies (416 male and 519 female) included in the mHHS analysis, 2 studies concluded that male patients had significantly higher postoperative mHHS scores. Of 6 studies (502 male and 396 female) included in the RTS analysis, 1 study concluded that male patients had a significantly higher RTS rate.

Conclusion:

Almost one-third of the included studies determined that female sex was a negative predictor of postoperative outcomes, 13% found female sex to be a positive predictor, and 58% found no sex-based differences. Our study illustrates an insufficiency of high-level evidence supporting sex-specific differences in outcomes after hip arthroscopic surgery, but findings indicated that the postoperative mHHS score and RTS rate may be influenced by sex.
Hypervisibility and Invisibility: Black Women’s Experiences with Gendered Racial Microaggressions on a White Campus
Authors: Newton Veronica A.
Published: November 2022

This study focuses on the gendered racial microaggressions that Black undergraduate women experience while attending a historically predominately white university. Expanding from the racial microaggression literature, gendered racial microaggressions demonstrate how race is gendered and how gender is racialized for Black women. Because Black women experience dual oppression, the microaggressions they receive should be examined from an intersectional perspective. My study helps fill in the gaps of literature by taking an intersectional perspective to explore and center Black college women’s experiences with gendered racism by examining the gendered racial microaggressions they experience within the classroom and in general areas on campus. This study took a qualitative approach to uncover Black women’s experiences with microaggressions at a white university. I interviewed 25 Black undergraduate women who attended a flagship university in the Midwest. Gendered racial microaggressions showed up in themes of hypervisibility within classroom settings and invisibility in general spaces on campus. Within classroom settings, Black undergraduate women’s race and gender were seen as hypervisible and were microaggressed by white classmates and white faculty. On the contrary, in general spaces on campus, Black women were ignored or excluded from conversations with white students. Both invisibility and hypervisibility speak of Black women’s marginalization. Their experiences demonstrate the ways that both sexist and racist ideas about Black women and their abilities contribute to their marginalization, invalidation, and erasure on campus.
Classroom Promotion of Oral Language: Outcomes From a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Whole-of-Classroom Intervention to Improve Children’s Reading Achievement
Authors: Goldfeld Sharon , Snow Pamela , Eadie Patricia , Munro John , Gold Lisa , Le Ha N. D. , Orsini Francesca , Shingles Beth , Connell Judy , Watts Amy , Barnett Tony
Published: November 2022

Children need rich language learning experiences in school to build language and reading skills. Research suggests that various effective ways to support teacher provision of these experiences. The Classroom Promotion of Oral Language cluster randomized controlled trial ( n = 1,360 students; 687 intervention, 673 control) examined whether a teacher professional learning intervention targeting oral language in the first years of school led to improved student outcomes compared to usual teaching practices. The intervention comprised face-to-face professional learning and ongoing support. The primary outcome was student reading ability at Grade 3; secondary outcomes included oral language, reading, and mental health at Grades 1 and 3. No differences were detected between the intervention and control arms. Implications of results and future directions are explored.
Measuring the Impact of Quantitative Information on Patient Understanding: Approaches for Assessing the Adequacy of Patient Knowledge about Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Rager Joshua B. , Althouse Sandra , Perkins Susan M. , Schmidt Karen K. , Schwartz Peter H.
Published: November 2022

Background. Guidelines recommend that decision aids disclose quantitative information to patients considering colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, but the impact on patient knowledge and decision making is limited. An important challenge for assessing any disclosure involves determining when an individual has “adequate knowledge” to make a decision. Methods. We analyzed data from a trial that randomized 213 patients to view a decision aid about CRC screening that contained verbal information (qualitative arm) versus one containing verbal plus quantitative information (quantitative arm). We analyzed participants’ answers to 8 “qualitative knowledge” questions, which did not cover the quantitative information, at baseline (T0) and after viewing the decision aid (T1). We introduce a novel approach that defines adequate knowledge as correctly answering all of a subset of questions that are particularly relevant because of the participant’s test choice (“Choice-Based Knowledge Assessment”). Results. Participants in the quantitative arm answered a higher mean number of knowledge questions correctly at T1 than did participants in the qualitative arm (7.3 v. 6.9, P < 0.05), and they more frequently had adequate knowledge at T1 based on a cutoff of 6 or 7 correct out of 8 (94% v. 83%, P < 0.05, and 86% v. 71%, P < 0.05, respectively). Members of the quantitative group also more frequently had adequate knowledge at T1 when assessed by Choice-Based Knowledge Assessment (87% v. 76%, P < 0.05). Conclusions. Patients who viewed quantitative information in addition to verbal information had greater qualitative knowledge and more frequently had adequate knowledge compared with those who viewed verbal information alone, according to most ways of defining adequate knowledge. Quantitative information may have helped participants better understand qualitative or gist concepts.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID# NCT01415479

Highlights

Patients who viewed quantitative information in a decision aid about colorectal cancer screening were more knowledgeable about nonquantitative information and were more likely to have adequate knowledge according to a variety of approaches for assessing that, compared with individuals who viewed only qualitative information. This result supports the inclusion of quantitative information in decision aids. Researchers assessing patient understanding should consider a variety of ways to define adequate knowledge when assessing decision quality.
The politics of owing: Accounting, water disconnection, and austerity urbanism in Detroit
Authors: Heil Melissa
Published: November 2022

With the rise of austerity urbanism, contemporary urban governance has been described as “rule by accountancy.” Yet the intricacies of accounting practice have been underexplored in the austerity urbanism literature. Drawing on insights from critical accounting studies, I interrogate accounting practices as political exercises that draw people and institutions into ties of obligation (accountability), shape social relations, and structure the conditions of urban life. Through this lens, practices of accounting can be understood not just as a technocratic tool of the financialized state, but as a contested terrain of urban political struggle. Examining the case of austerity-driven water service disconnections in Detroit, this paper chronicles how accounting practices are both deployed by the state to justify water disconnection and used by activists seeking to expand water access in unprecedented ways. I find that while the austerity urbanism literature is correct to identify accounting as a tool in the advancement of the austerity agenda, accounting is also a means to organize against the diminished expectations of life under austerity.
Urban neighbourhood classification and multi-scale heterogeneity analysis of Greater London
Authors: Yu Tengfei , Sützl Birgit S , van Reeuwijk Maarten
Published: November 2022

We study the compositional and configurational heterogeneity of Greater London at the city- and neighbourhood-scale using Geographic Information System (GIS) data. Urban morphometric indicators are calculated including plan-area indices and fractal dimensions of land cover, frontal area index of buildings, evenness, and contagion. To distinguish between city-scale heterogeneity and neighbourhood-scale heterogeneity, the study area of 720 km2 is divided into 1 [Formula: see text] 1 km2 neighbourhoods. City-scale heterogeneity is represented by categorisation of the neighbourhoods using a k-means clustering algorithm based on the morphometric indicators. This results in six neighbourhood types ranging from “greenspace” to “central business district”. Neighbourhood-scale heterogeneity is quantified using a hierarchical multi-scale analysis for each neighbourhood type. The analysis reveals the dominant length scales for land-cover and neighbourhood types and the resolutions with the most information gain. We analyse multi-scale anisotropy and show that small-scale features are homogeneous, and that anisotropy is present at larger length scales.
Dalit Politics in India: A Critical Overview
Authors: Mandal Bankim Chandra
Published: November 2022

The origin of Dalit assertion and politics has a long tradition. The main objective of Dalit assertion and politics was to transform the age-old caste-based hierarchical structure of Indian society based on liberty, equality, fraternity and social justice as envisaged by Dr B. R. Ambedkar. During this long period, the nature of Dalit politics has varied from issue to issue and from context to context. During the seven and half decades of our independence, we have witnessed a massive change, like politics in general and Dalit politics in particular. Up to 1980, we have seen a comprehensive Dalit movement in different parts of India. After that time, it is tough to organize such comprehensive politics, especially in the urban centres. Due to selfishness, personal greed for power and other gains of Dalit leaders and activists, Dalit politics become much more fragmented, localized and depoliticized. Not only that, but identity politics also divided the Dalits into different caste and sub-caste groups. Due to these reasons, it is hard to make grand solidarity in politics among different Dalit castes and other weaker sections of Indian society. We have recently seen a new swing in Dalit politics that is very aware, assertive, organized, well-connected, inclusive and beyond party politics. In this study, the author wants to draw a brief sketch of the history of Dalit politics. Further, he wants to explore the changing nature of Dalit politics. In this context, he has tried to discuss the impact of the depoliticization of Dalit politics by the Dalit leaders and the caste identity politics within Dalit caste groups in forming grand solidarity in Dalit politics in India.