bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical profile and outcome of COVID-19 in children with comorbidity in a tertiary care teaching hospital: An observational study
Authors: Dontamala Suchitra , Pabbati Jayalakshmi , Kumar Banoth Ravi , George J N
Published: August 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in majority of children manifests as mild to moderate illness and low rate of severe/critical illness/fatality. There is limited information about the SARS-CoV-2 infection, clinical profile and outcome in children with comorbid conditions.

To analyze the clinical profile, severity and outcome of COVID-19 in children with and without comorbidity.

An observational study was conducted in the pediatric unit of tertiary care hospital. Children between 1-12 years with positive RT PCR report for COVID-19 were included. All admitted children were classified into comorbidity and without comorbidity groups. They were assessed clinically, categorized as mild, moderate and severe based on Ministry Of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) guidelines and Outcomes were measured.

Categorical variables were compared using Chi-square test and Proportions were compared using Fisher's Exact test. Probability (p) value less than 0.05 was taken as significant.

Fever (100%) was the most common presentation, followed by cough (61.8%). Respiratory distress (41.6%) and hypoxia (37.5%) were the significant (p value <0.05) respiratory manifestations in children with comorbidity. Mean duration of hospital stay was longer for children with comorbidities (10.25days) compared to those without comorbidities (7.93days). Children with comorbidity, 50 % of them required respiratory support and 41.6% had severe COVID-19. Children without comorbidity, 19.35% needed respiratory support and same had severe COVID-19. Our study shows mortality of 0.5% in COVID-19 children.

COVID-19 in comorbid children had a statistically significant impact on clinical presentation but no impact on outcomes of disease.
Cytomorphological study of body fluids- An attempt to know its role in diagnosis
Authors: Supriya Siddavatam , Lekha MB , Manjunatha YA
Published: August 2024

Body fluid cytology is a routinely performed procedure. It is simple, cost-effective and acts as a first-line investigation in the evaluation of effusions. The inflow and outflow of fluid in the potential spaces of pleural, peritoneal and pericardial cavities is governed by starling forces. In case of tumors, study of effusion cytology helps in the diagnosis and staging process.

To study cytomorphology of various body fluids and know their role in diagnosis.

The present study is a retrospective descriptive study of 100 cases of various body fluids such as pleural, peritoneal, cerebrospinal and synovial fluids which were received in the department of pathology, at a tertiary care center from July 2019 to December 2020.Data was retrieved from records maintained in the department of pathology. Slides were reviewed if considered necessary. In cases positive for malignancy, histopathology records were checked for correlation.

100 fluids were studied. Age group varied between 10 days and 90 years. Maximum number of cases was in the range of 41 to 50 years with 23 cases (23%).

Most common fluid was pleural fluid (46%), followed by ascitic fluid(41%), CSF (7%) and synovial fluid (6%).

From our study, we could conclude that cytological evaluation of body fluids plays an important role in initial screening for presence of acute and chronic inflammatory cells, tumor cells. It also helps in staging of tumors where the presence of tumor cells increases the stage of tumor.
Bacteriological profile of diabetic foot ulcer
Authors: DC Shwetha , D Venkatesha
Published: August 2024

Infected Diabetic foot ulcer is the common cause of hospitalization among patients with diabetes mellitus. Amputation of the lower limbs is the most common complication of Diabetic foot ulcer & infection is the cause in majority of the cases. Hence, Characterizing the bacteriological profile & antibiotic susceptibility testing is very important for the effective management of Diabetic foot ulcer.

Swabs from infected Diabetic foot ulcer were inoculated on to Blood agar & MacConkey agar. The bacterial identification was done according to standard protocol. The Antibiotic susceptibility testing for the isolated bacteria was done on Mueller Hinton agar by Kirby Bauer’s Disc Diffusion method.

134 aerobic bacteria were isolated from 110 diabetic patients. Among Gram positive cocci, (11.9%) was the predominant isolate followed by Coagulase negative Staphylococci (4.5%) & spp (7.5%). (18.6%) was the predominantly isolated Gram-negative bacilli followed by Klebsiella spp (17.1%), spp (11.2%), Pseudomonas spp (7.5%), spp (7.5%), spp (7.5%), Non-fermenting Gram negative bacilli (5.2%) & spp (1.5%). We found variations in the antibiotic sensitivity of isolated pathogens. 13.7% of Gram-negative bacilli were Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producers & 31.2% of Staphylococci were Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Our study shows that the repeated bacteriological evaluation & their antibiotic susceptibility is paramount in the management of infected Diabetic foot ulcer & the abuse of antibiotics should be restrained to prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistance.
Radio-anatomical observation of volume, anterior wall thickness and pneumatisation pattern of frontal sinus
Authors: A Arun Kumar , G Venkatesh , T S Gugapriya , N Vinay Kumar , Deulkar Snehal
Published: August 2024

: Frontal sinus occupies anatomically vital position in the cranium. Variations in dimension of the sinus between sides, gender were available. The functional role of the sinus was much debated in literature. Occurrence of frontal bone fracture in a significant proportion of facial trauma necessitates the study of anatomical structural and dimensional parameters of frontal sinus.

: Computerised tomography of 119 paranasal images were finally studied after excluding paediatric, pathological and trauma cases. In axial and sagittal planes antero-posterior (AP), width, height, anterior wall thickness at orbital roof level were measured. Volume of sinus was computed for both sides using AP x width x height x 0.52. Independent “t” test and person’s correlation coefficient were used for analysis statistically.

: The Mean AP, width and height were found to be 20.46 mm, 26.92 mm, 24.29 mm respectively. The mean volume of frontal sinus was 6.4 ± 3.4 cm, 7.6 ± 3.6 cm on the right and left side respectively and showed significant value (P<0.05). The mean anterior wall thickness of frontal sinus was 2.5 0.8mm on right and 2.7 0.8 mm on left side with significant difference (p<0.05). Corelation between volume and anterior wall thickness was found to be weakly positive. Bilateral agenesis/aplasia was seen in 12.61% and unilateral agenesis/aplasia was observed in 19.32% with male predominance.

: The width, anterior wall thickness and volume of frontal sinus showed statistically significance difference between sides. Weakly positive correlation was found between volume and anterior wall thickness. Aplasia was observed more in prevalence with male preponderance.
Evaluation of the relationship between anatomical variations of the sinonasal cavity and chronic rhinosinusitis through ct scan at a tertiary care center in central India
Authors: Awasthi Aprajita , Bose A , Gupta Yamini , Srivastava S
Published: August 2024

The correlation between Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) and the sinonasal cavity is a subject of ongoing debate. Further in-depth research is needed to understand their role in the pathogenicity and chronicity of CRS.

The primary objective of this study is to systematically investigate potential associations between anatomical variations within the sinonasal cavity and the prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis in the population of Central India.

In this study, 100 cases, aged 18 to 42 years, presenting clinical features of CRS unresponsive to medical management for 8 weeks or more, underwent CT scans of the paranasal sinus region as part of routine medical assessment. The control cohort consisted of 100 individuals who had undergone CT scans of the paranasal sinus region for non-chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) related reasons and did not manifest any symptoms associated with CRS. Subsequently, the gathered data underwent calculation and rigorous statistical analysis.

Agger nasi cells were the most prevalent anatomical variation, found in 68.5% of the study population, followed by a deviated nasal septum (64%), Concha bullosa (57%), Paradoxical middle turbinate (20.5%), Pneumatized uncinate process (1.5%), and Haller cells (15%). The frequency of occurrence of these variations between the CRS group and the control group was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Therefore, no discernible relationship exists between the presence of anatomical variations examined in the study and the pathogenesis and chronicity of CRS.

While these anatomical variations may not directly indicate the presence or severity of CRS, they could serve as early indicators. This underscores the importance of lifestyle modifications to counteract the disease at its nascent stage. This study, along with similar research, holds valuable insights for ENT surgeons and radiologists, aiding in the prevention of damage to these variations during sinusitis surgery. Further detailed studies are warranted to enhance our understanding of the role of these variations in the etiopathogenesis of CRS.
“The First Temple in the World” Status Legitimacy Problems: Göbekli Tepe in Scientific Discussions of the Last Two Decades
Authors: Korol Denys
Published: August 2024

For more than two decades, Göbekli Tepe – the Pre-Pottery Neolithic era architectural complex of Transcaucasian Anatolia – has been referred to as the “First Temple in the World”. Not all scholars agree with this assertion, questioning the theses of the excavation authors. In this essay, we attempt to examine the validity of the arguments from both sides (after all, criticism can sometimes be “short-sighted”). So, do the refined data indeed refute Klaus Schmidt’s revolutionary observations? Can we, considering all the currently available evidence, question the new theses that themselves challenge previous assertions? And how deep is the chasm between our perception of the status of “residence” and “sanctuary” regarding the oldest artificial stationary structures? Attempting to answer all these questions is the aim of this essay.We are discussing the angle of cultural prehistory, human reactions to upheavals, and the worldview transformations that must have occurred among the settled hunter-gatherers of the early Holocene. Comparative analyses of the settlements and structures in the Taş Tepeler region demonstrate dialecticism – on one hand, a specific variety of details, and on the other, clear trends indicating that the circular enclosures of Göbekli Tepe could not have been domestic dwellings. Despite the reasonable and well-argued remarks of E. Banning, it seems that M. Kinzel and L. Clare are closer to the truth when they argue that what we are looking at is unlikely to be a complete temple complex. However, the central part of the Potbelly Hill is clearly occupied by the so-called “special structures,” which are actually both “Theaters of memory” and a kind of “island” of relative stone permanence amidst the constantly renewed clay houses.It is currently difficult for us to comprehend all aspects of the reverence or hierophany experienced by early Neolithic people during the mysteries held within such enclosures. It seems that due to the new findings from the Stone Hills region, specific temenological discourse of Göbekli Tepe only strengthens. Nevertheless, the accumulated factual material over this period forces us to look at this monument from a noticeably different perspective. The discussion has only just begun in earnest.
The Motif of Confrontation between Father and Son in Western and Eastern Literature
Authors: Kolesnyk Olena
Published: August 2024

In myths and epics, and later in fiction, there is often present a motif of confrontation between father and son, which can take extreme forms, up to the murder of a close relative. In the real social life of the vast majority of the peoples of the world, this type of conflict is assessed as particularly dangerous for society, one that undermines its very foundations. However, probably its very extremity draws special attention to this dramatic situation. Reducing all the various variants of treatment of the theme only to the Oedipus complex seems to greatly simplify the picture. In our opinion, in different texts, this plot scheme interacts with different mytho-religious and social contexts. In particular, it is possible to single out such of them as: 1) the change of generations of gods associated with the stages of Cosmogenesis; 2) sacrificing a child for the supposed good of the whole society; 3) the transfer of “royal charisma” to the new ruler. In addition, the motive of the conflict between father and son (or two brothers) can be treated in a fundamentally different way when it comes to the mutual non-recognition of opponents. The theme of a certain “rightfulness” of the transition of power to the younger generation is absent here, and instead, to the fore comes the inexorable fate, which forces people to unconsciously commit a serious crime. From a moral and evaluative point of view, three basic types can be distinguished: 1) A father who persecutes/kills his innocent son is a cruel tyrant who must be punished by people or higher powers (Tsar Maximilian); 2) The father is a hero-defender of his country, who wins in a fair duel and kills his son, who came as a foreigner-enemy (Ilya Muromets); 3) There is an ambivalent, confusing situation, connected either with the presence of “two truths” or with the action of fate, in particular, in the form of tragic non-recognition. The typology of endings is as follows: 1) The father kills the son (Cuchulainn); 2) The son, miraculously saved from persecution, kills his father (Oedipus); 3) Father and son destroy each other (King Arthur and Mordred); 4) Reconciliation takes place (“Ou, seventy-seven twice-told were they”).
“Planless Life”: Leisure Studies in the Context of Melvillean Paradigmatic Figure of Bartleby
Authors: Ivashyna Oleksandr
Published: August 2024

Considered differently at different historical times, leisure as a particular lifestyle is quite a common research topic. Today, at times of war, we tend to compensate for its horrors and nonsense with something remote, and this can be leisure, either in the form of what the global culture industry recommends to a mass consumer (Netflix, crime fiction reads, computer games), or as moments of personal development and education. Both, however, seem to transform us into cogs in the machine of culture industry.Is there any possibility of leisure without any project, leisure which would not comply with any functional imperatives, whether they be economic survival or practices of the self?I study here several versions of so-called “serious leisure” for people who hardly have the resources, material as well as financial. I understand serious leisure as a way of life of its adepts or as a most significant part of their life. Such leisure requires being tuned in to absence of plan, although it cannot be realized without all the necessary logistics and infrastructure. Planlessness is comparable to a particular perception of time, when one is totally present in the moment, and to attunement to space, which makes leisure corporeal as the body is perceived as a harmonic particle of what we call nature.A special leisure type represented by Hermann Melville’s Bartleby is thought of as non-activity, which is the basis of the American / Occidental life system.I conclude that there are differences between people dedicating only a part of their life to leisure, and those who make it sort of lifestyle. If the serious leisure adepts keep staying in the system and their leisure becomes a kind of pillar for their functioning in it, the disciples of leisure as lifestyle are mostly on its margins. They are excessive for the system, and, while apparently staying within it, still exceed its bounds.
On Finance of Private Households
Authors:   Head of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines of the Kazan Institute (Branch) of the All-Russian State University of Justice, Sattarova Nuria A. , Boyko Natalya N. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Public and Private Law of the Sterlitamak Branch of the Ufa University of Science
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to identifying the features of household finances from a legal position. The relevance of the issues of the concept, the essence of household finance is determined, on the one hand, by the lack of scientific knowledge of the legal regulation of this economic category, on the other hand, by the awareness of the importance of household finance, their place and role as an element of the financial system - the basic category of financial law.
The Digital Currency "Armament Race" of Central Banks
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Fundamental Jurisprudence and International Law of the G. Mirzoev Russian University, Brykin Konstantin I.
Published: August 2024

The article is aimed at researching a phenomenon that is young in legal science — the Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC). The author analyzes the reports and concepts of digital currencies of individual jurisdictions, identifies trends in the use of digital securities and the need to transform legislation. Taking into account the doctrinal approaches existing in law and economics, the advantages and risks of using the CBDC are reflected. The author concludes that, taking into account the Western embargo, the CBDC is seen as an urgent and promising financial and legal mechanism for ensuring financial sovereignty and protecting national interests. Taking into account the domestic experience of piloting the digital ruble, as well as the experience of friendly member countries of the EAEU, SCO and BRICS, it seems that the future of the global financial architecture lies in the CBDC and supranational digital currencies of interstate associations.
The Concept of Political Rights of an Individual under the Law of Medieval English Cities in the 11th to the 14th Century
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Institute of Economics, Kvachadze Oleg B.
Published: August 2024

The article presents a comparative legal study of the legal consolidation of political human rights in the medieval law of various English cities. As a result, the author concludes that the scope of political human rights established in the legal space of various English cities of the XI–XIV centuries was determined by the degree and nature of the dependence of the corresponding city on the seignorial power.
Exploring the interplay of nutritional status, feeding practices and acute illness among infants under six months: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Parkar Sadia , Shah Ibrahim , Kazi Zaubina , S. Surani Zoya , Gul Afshan , Zehra Mahjabeen , Lail Aman Ullah , Mazhar Nadia
Published: August 2024

Malnutrition is a major public health concern and a major contributor to the worldwide burden of illness and mortality among children, with lower and middle-income countries bearing the heaviest burden. The current study aimed to determine the relationship of nutritional status (severe acute malnutrition, moderate acute malnutrition, stunting, wasting, overweight, and underweight) with feeding practices (e.g., colostrum feeding, breastfeeding type and frequency, and infant age when milk consumption was stopped) and acute illnesses (pneumonia, acute gastroenteritis, and upper respiratory tract infection) among six months or younger. A cross-sectional study design and purposive sampling were used to enroll 300 mothers and their seriously unwell among six months or younger infants. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 27, employing descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. The outcome of the study showed a higher prevalence of stunting (67.33%) than those of wasting (10%) and overweight (4.66%). Also, the findings showed ceasing milk consumption after 3–6 months can increase the risk of moderate acute malnutrition (odd ratio = 2.37, confidence interval = 1.04–5.39), with female infants having a lower risk of severe acute malnutrition, stunting, and being underweight, while upper respiratory tract infection can increase the risk of severe acute malnutrition in infants. Based on the findings, early nursing and exclusive breastfeeding for six months, followed by safe complementary foods, are recommended to improve newborn nutritional status.
Nowogród Wielki
Authors: Brzozowska Zofia A. , Leszka Mirosław J.
Published: August 2024

Pierwszy polskojęzyczny przewodnik po Nowogrodzie Wielkim. Zaprezentowano w nim około czterdziestu pięciu zabytków historycznych miasta i okolic, ułożonych w porządku geograficznym, np. nowogrodzkiego kremla, soboru katedralnego Sofii, siedziby arcybiskupów nowogrodzkich, Dworu Jarosławowego, Targu, siedzib kupców hanzeatyckich, Grodziszcza Rurykowego. Czytelnik znajdzie tu syntetyczny opis dziejów miasta i związanego z nim bytu politycznego – średniowiecznej republiki kupieckiej, a także najważniejszych zagadnień z zakresu jego specyfiki kulturowej i religijnej, ukształtowanej pod wpływem cywilizacji bizantyńskiej, choć rozwijającej się samodzielnie.
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Nowogród Wielki, jedno z wielu miast w europejskiej części współczesnej Rosji, położone – jak śpiewał Jacek Kaczmarski – „wśród pól i rozlewisk”, to prawdziwa enigma. Od wielu wieków nieprzerwanie fascynuje twórców kultury i badaczy do tego stopnia, że w powszechnym wyobrażeniu na jego temat prawda historyczna często nierozłącznie splata się z mitem. Nowogród Wielki od średniowiecza rozpalał wyobraźnię swoim bogactwem prężnego ośrodka handlowego, utrzymującego już od schyłku XII wieku kontakty z Hanzą, a tym samym będącego – na wiele wieków przed założeniem Sankt Petersburga – swego rodzaju ruskim oknem na Europę. Unikalna kultura miasta nad Wołchowem, rozkwitająca najpełniej w XIII—XV wieku, a następnie brutalnie zdławiona przez władców moskiewskich, zadaje kłam stereotypowemu wyobrażeniu, że Słowianie Wschodni nie są zdolni do życia w ustroju demokratycznym.
Z Przedmowy
Publikacja finansowana w ramach programu Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego pod nazwą „Narodowy Program Rozwoju Humanistyki” w latach 2017–2019, nr projektu: 22H16036884, nr umowy: 0368/NPRH5/H22/84/2017, tytuł projektu: Latopis nowogrodzki pierwszy – przekład na język polski i opracowanie naukowe najstarszego zabytku historiografii Nowogrodu Wielkiego (moduł Uniwersalia 2.2)
Instytucjonalne wsparcie niesamodzielnych osób starszych w województwie łódzkim
Authors: Mikołajczyk-Lerman Grażyna , Potoczna Małgorzata
Published: August 2024

W prezentowanej publikacji podjęto rozważania na temat problemów funkcjonowania instytucjonalnego systemu wsparcia niesamodzielnych osób starszych na przykładzie analizy wybranych instytucji pomocy społecznej oraz instytucji ochrony zdrowia na terenie województwa łódzkiego. Zwrócono uwagę na najważniejsze utrudnienia i ograniczenia w zakresie świadczonych form pomocy i opieki. Do takich należy zaliczyć przede wszystkim: ograniczenia związane z udzielaniem adekwatnego do potrzeb zakresu wsparcia dla osób niesamodzielnych, wynikające z nieadekwatnych w stosunku do potrzeb zasobów środowiskowych i zinstytucjonalizowanych usług opiekuńczych, problemy utrudniające trafny proces diagnozy niesamodzielności i szacowania potrzeb pomocowych i opiekuńczych, problem braku współpracy międzyinstytucjonalnej czy problemy adaptacyjne podopiecznych. Ważny wątek analiz stanowi odniesienie do zwiększonego zapotrzebowania na profesjonalne działania opiekuńcze świadczone w ramach instytucjonalnych form opieki, co wynika między innymi z ograniczonej wydolności opiekuńczej rodziny. Publikacja zawiera rekomendacje w zakresie działań służących poprawie jakości organizacji procesu pomocowego na rzecz osób starszych z ograniczoną samodzielnością.
Relationships Among Business Owners in the Formal and Informal Sectors
Authors: CLARISSA
Published: August 2024

The Child Labour: Action-Research-Innovation in South and South-Eastern Asia (CLARISSA) programme uses Action Research (AR) to understand the dynamics which drive the worst forms of child labour (WFCL), and to generate participatory innovations which help to shift these underlying dynamics and mitigate their worst effects. Through 13 Action Research Groups (ARGs) in Bangladesh and 12 groups in Nepal, the programme is generating a rich understanding – particularly through children’s lived experiences – of the complex underlying drivers of harmful work and working children and their employers are themselves defining, piloting and evaluating their own innovative actions that aim to increase children’s options to avoid WFCL. This group worked on the theme 'Relationships among business owners in the formal and informal sectors'.
The Drivers and Dynamics of the Worst Forms of Child Labour in Kathmandu’s Adult Entertainment Sector: A Synthesis of Five Years of Research by Children, Business Owners, NGOs, and Academics
Authors: Hacker Elizabeth , Bhattarai (B.C.) Kriti , Sharma Ranjana , Aked Jody , Bhujel Samjhana , Burns Danny , Cannon Mariah , Deshar Lazana , K.C. Anita , Lamsal Pragya , Luitel Barsha , Malla Sudhir , Mishra Nitish , Rayamajhi Durlav , Shakya Angeliya , Sherpa Pema , Shrestha Kapil , Timilsina Amit
Published: August 2024

CLARISSA (Child Labour: Action-Research-Innovation in South and South‑Eastern Asia) is a research programme into the worst forms of child labour (WFCL). It aims to identify, evidence and promote effective multi‑stakeholder action to tackle the drivers of WFCL in selected supply chains in Bangladesh and Nepal (Burns, Apgar and Raw, 2021). Spanning five years, the focus of the CLARISSA programme in Nepal was on identifying the system dynamics of WFCL in Kathmandu’s adult entertainment sector, with particular attention given to the informal economy where the worst forms of child labour are prevalent. In addition to extensive participatory and qualitative research inquiry, in Nepal, 12 Participatory Action Research Groups of children and business owners spent between 12 and 18 months learning from action to reduce WFCL and its impact. The Action Research component makes the CLARISSA programme unique in the child labour space because it has learned about the dynamics of WFCL from action as well as inquiry. This paper synthesises what the CLARISSA programme learned about WFCL in Kathmandu’s adult entertainment sector. It looks at children’s pathways into child labour, their lived experience of it, and the businesses in which they work. With a focus on both the supply and demand dynamics of child labour, this paper aims to further understanding of the reasons why children have to work and why businesses employ children. The CLARISSA programme has produced multiple research reports and the Hard Labour website, which reproduces some of the stories about children’s lives, their days, the businesses they work in and the neighbourhoods where they live. This paper synthesises the detailed evidence landscape to draw analytical conclusions about why worst forms of child labour occur in Kathmandu’s adult entertainment sector, and what can be done about it.
Cuerpos asesinados, cuerpos amados: acto profundo y acto estético en “Hegel y yo” de José Revueltas
Authors: Suárez Trejo Javier
Published: August 2024

El presente ensayo se enfoca en la noción de “acto profundo” aparecida en el relato “Hegel y yo” (1971; Material de los sueños, 1974) de José Revueltas.En la primera parte, se analiza el discurso del protagonista a la luz de la comparación entre el Hegel-personaje (con quien aquél dialoga) y el Hegel filósofo;se verá, entonces, cómo el Hegel revueltiano se configura como un reverso obsceno del filósofo alemán. En la segunda parte, se complejiza la interpretación del “acto profundo” a partir de la interpretación materialista que Vladimir Lenin y Louis Althusser hacen de la Ciencia de la lógica hegeliana. Al final del análisis, se habrá demostrado cómo la noción revueltiana de “acto profundo” alude a un proceso que define la perversión del devenir histórico convertido en asesinato de la diferencia que, en cuanto recuerdo, siempre retorna materialmente.
Vida cotidiana e preservação do patrimônio em centros históricos
Authors: Leite Rogerio Proença , Malta Souza Eder Claudio
Published: August 2024

O artigo analisa os centros históricos das cidades de Olinda, em Pernambuco, e Ouro Preto, em Minas Gerais, com vista a observar duas dimensões da cidade, nomeadamente, a ville (a cidade em sua dimensão física e funcional) e a cité (a cidade compreendida em seus modos de vida e sua dimensão sociocultural). O artigo confronta o modo como se manifestam, nos casos estudados, as dinâmicas urbanas de reocupação residencial das áreas centrais e suas repercussões na vida cotidiana, nas condições de moradia e nos usos dos espaços da cidade.
Implementation of syirkah agreements in agricultural financing for enhancing the rural economy: insights from South Sumatera
Authors: Engga Apri , Budiyoko  , Madiyoh Abdulhakim , Afrianto Whisnu Febry
Published: August 2024

The agricultural sector continues to be the primary driver of rural economies in Indonesia. Despite its vital role, the rural agricultural sector often faces serious challenges in terms of adequate financing. This study examines the implementation of the syirkah agreement as an alternative financing model in the agricultural sector to enhance rural economies. Using a phenomenological approach, this research involves in-depth interviews and direct observations regarding the application of the syirkah agreement in financing a rice milling unit managed by the Farmers' Group Association (Gapoktan) in Pandan Village, Tanah Abang District, Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir Regency, South Sumatra. The research findings indicate that the application of the syirkah agreement in agricultural financing has yielded significant positive impacts. It enables farmers to have easier access to capital and necessary resources for productivity enhancement while promoting active farmer participation in their agricultural business decision-making. These results underscore the crucial role of the syirkah agreement in creating a sustainable and inclusive rural economy, in line with the principles of economic justice in sharia law.
Surgical approach to hepatocellular carcinoma: a review
Authors: Ruff Samantha M. , Pawlik Timothy M.
Published: August 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer that arises in the setting of chronic liver inflammation and/or cirrhosis. Despite advancements in screening and treatment, the incidence and mortality of HCC continue to increase. Treatment for HCC is guided by a patient’s liver function, performance status, and extent of tumor burden. Patients with early-stage HCC are often treated with surgery, liver transplantation, or liver-directed therapy. Unfortunately, many patients have limited surgical options due to advanced-stage disease, recurrent disease after resection, or pre-existing moderate to severe liver dysfunction. These patients are subsequently treated with a combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab, or durvalumab and tremelimumab. Operative management of HCC requires experienced surgeons and a multidisciplinary team of medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and hepatologists for appropriate patient selection. Due to the complex management required for these patients, it is critical that the surgical management is informed by updated guidelines and data. We herein review the surgical management and treatment considerations for patients with HCC.
Russia and the EAEU: Formation of the Common Climate Regime
Authors: Burkova E.
Published: August 2024

The work is devoted to the consideration of the process of formation of the international ecological (climatic) regime. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the formation of the EAEU climate regime, initiated by Russia. This is done in the context of understanding the EU climate regime, in connection with which the EU climate policy is analyzed, in comparison with the corresponding politics of Russia. It is politics, on the basis of which Russia, together with other participating countries, forms the international regime of the EAEU today. In conclusion, a forecast is given for the further development of the EAEU climate regime in the context of the environmental policy of Russia and its allies.
Challenging Friends: Türkiye-U.S. Relations
Authors: Martin Lenore G.
Published: August 2024

This article analyzes the underlying wellsprings for the major strains that disrupt the U.S. - Türkiye relationship. These strains arise from the U.S. support of the PYD/YPG/YPJ in Northern Syria as boots on the ground against ISIL; Türkiye’s purchase of the Russian S400 missile defense system; Türkiye’s energy imports from Russia and Iran; the U.S. refusal to extradite Fetullah Gülen; and Washington’s complaints about the AKP government’s anti-democratic tendencies. This article analyzes why and how some of these issues have evoked strong ire and distrust on both sides and others much less so by employing a paradigm based on five integrated variables: Türkiye’s military and economic capabilities; the availability of its natural resources, particularly energy; as well as threats to the legitimacy of the AKP regime and to the society’s ethnic and religious cohesion. Utilizing the paradigm, the article proposes measures that will increase the opportunities to build a firmer partnership between the U.S. and Türkiye.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA MATH POWER GAMES BERKONSEP GAMIFIKASI UNTUK PENGUATAN LITERASI NUMERASI SISWA
Authors: Nur'Aida Martalia , Permana Erwin Putera , Imron Ilmawati Fahmi
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini mengembangkan media pembelajaran math power games yang inovatif dan menyenangkan. Inovatif dan menyenangkan untuk membantu siswa menyelesaikan dengan mudah dalam memperkuat literasi numerasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi numerasi siswa kelas 5 di SDN Gedangsewu 1. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan model ADDIE (Analisa, Desain, Pengembangan, Pelaksanaan, dan Evaluasi). Subyek penelitian sebanyak 49 siswa. Hasil uji ahli media dan ahli materi mencapai 87%  dengan kategori sangat valid. Kepraktisan dihitung dan diperoleh skor 90%. Nilai KBK sebesar 97,14 dan rata-rata nilai postest 96,28 dengan kategori sangat efektif. Capaian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa media Math Power Games layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan literasi numerasi siswa kelas V dan juga mendorong guru untuk mengembangkan sarana pembelajaran yang  inovatif.
ANALISIS EMPAT STANDAR KOMPETENSI GURU DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Kurnia Ira Restu , Barokah Awalina , Edora Edora , Syafitri Inayah
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kesadaran akan pentingnya kompetensi guru dalam penyelenggaraan pembelajaran. penelitian ini mendeskripsikan mengenai kompetensi guru yang dimiliki oleh guru di SDN Mekar Mukti 05. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualtatif deskriptif. Peneliti menggunakan instrument observasi dan wawancara kepada subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian diperoleh data bahwa guru SDN Mekar Mukti 05 memiliki empat standar kompetensi yang harus dimiliki oleh guru. Kegiatan yang dilakukan senantiasa mencerminkan upaya untuk selalu meningkatkan kompetensi tersebut guna terwujudnya pembelajaran yang efektif dan mencapai tujuan pembelajaran.  
Kata kunci: Kompetensi, Guru, Pembelajaran
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA PADA TEMA EKOSISTEM KELAS 5 SDN MALANGNENGAH 01
Authors: Sulysiyah Siti , Syachruroji A. , Nulhakim Lukman , Andriana Encep
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the process of implementing the project-based learning model in grade 5 students at SDN Malangnengah 01 and to determine the increase in students' conceptual understanding of the ecosystem theme through the project-based learning model in grade 5 SDN Malangnengah 01. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type Classroom Action Research which was carried out on 10 grade 5 students at SDN Malangnengah 01 in the odd semester of 2023. Data collection used observation, interviews and tests. The results of the research explain that: 1) the process of implementing the project-based learning model for grade 5 students at SDN Malangnengah 01 goes through 6 stages, namely problem recognition, determining basic questions/collecting information, designing product plans, preparing production schedules, monitoring student activity and product development, testing the results and finally the evaluation and reflection stage. Students can complete the project in 2 cycles, however in this case there are several notes such as incomplete student attendance, some still look lethargic and lack enthusiasm; 2) The project-based learning model can improve the understanding of science concepts for grade 5 students at SDN Malangnengah. This is known from the comparison of students' understanding of science concepts in each cycle which has increased significantly. In the pre-cycle, there were 3 students in the complete category with a percentage of 30%. After conducting classroom action research using a project-based learning model, this increased to 6 students with a percentage of 60% in cycle I, then experienced an increase again in cycle II. to 10 students or in other words reaching a percentage of 100%.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PINKAL BERBASIS SOAL CERITA PADA MATERI PERKALIAN KELAS IV SD
Authors: Hafifah Dea Nur , Maulana Maulana , Irawati Riana
Published: August 2024

Proses pembelajaran identik dengan penggunaan media pembelajaran dalam proses penyampaian materi pembelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengembangan, efektivitas, serta mengetahui respons pengguna terhadap media pembelajaran pinkal. Media pembelajaran pinkal dibutuhkan oleh guru dalam proses pembelajaran perkalian khususnya dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita perkalian. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode R&D. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan desain penelitian ADDIE yang dikemukakan oleh Robert Maribe Branch. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas IV di SDN Pondok Bambu 06 Jakarta Timur. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, expert review, angket respons peserta didik, pretest-posttest, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil validasi dari kedua ahli materi mendapatkan total persentase 100% dengan kriteria interpretasi sangat layak. Hasil validasi dari kedua ahli media mendapatkan total persentase 93% dengan kriteria interpretasi sangat layak dan hasil validasi dari kedua ahli bahasa mendapatkan total persentase 99% dengan kriteria interpretasi sangat layak. Hasil dari expert review bahwa media pembelajaran pinkal sangat layak untuk dikembangkan. Efektivitas dari hasil pretest-posttest menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan media pembelajaran pinkal berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik. Respons peserta didik medapatkan total persentase 100% dengan kriteria interpretasi sangat layak. Berdasarkan hasil expert review, efektivitas, dan respons peserta didik dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran pinkal efektif untuk dikembangkan.
The Implementation of Al-Islam Kemuhammadiyahan Character Education in Muhammadiyah Charity Business
Authors: Wakit Saipul , Rusdiyanto Rusdiyanto , Rais Rinovian , Kamaruddin Ilham , Dacholfany Muhammad Ihsan
Published: August 2024

Implementation of character education is an effort to increase knowledge and familiarize good behavior for students. The main characters are the values of the Islamic religion and Muhammadiyah which are the basis of life. The characteristics of al-Islam Muhammadiyah include good morals, faith, piety, honesty, discipline and firmness in Muhammadiyah organization. Practically the purpose of this study is to find out how the efforts made by Muhammadiyah educational institutions at the secondary level in increasing knowledge, habituation and the implications of implementing character education. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method with a case study approach. As for data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation related to Islamic character. The results of the research are 1) increasing knowledge of Al-Islam Muhammadiyah character education through classroom learning and training. 2) the implementation of the habituation of the Muhammadiyah Al-Islam character is carried out through carrying out mandatory worship, sunnah, praying, reading the Koran, morals and social activities. 3) the implementation of Al-Islam Muhammadiyah character education has implications for increasing knowledge, forming the habit of carrying out amaliyah according to true Islamic teachings, and having knowledge and experience in the Muhammadiyah organization by actively participating in Muhammadiyah activities in schools and the community.
Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students through the Development of Mathematical Logic E-Books Integrated with Moral Value
Authors: Nihayati Nihayati , Astuti Robia , Sutriningsih Naning , Pasha M Kemal , Feliza Destri Anggita , Gunawan Dadang
Published: August 2024

Moral decadence in students requires character strengthening to form the nation's generation by the goals of national education as stated in the 2003 National Education System Law. The formation of student's character can be realized through strengthening the Pancasila student profile in a learning process. The use of learning media that is interactive and integrated with moral values ​​is one of the efforts to realize the Pancasila student profile. So this research aims to produce a mathematical logic E-Book that is feasible and effective for use in the learning process to support strengthening the profile of Pancasila students. This type of research is R&D (Research and Development) development research which refers to the ADDIE development model. The subjects in this research were class XII students at Pringsewu Muhammadiyah High School. The data analysis techniques used are feasibility tests based on material expert assessments, learning design expert assessments, learning media expert assessments, user (teacher) assessments, effectiveness tests based on observations of student activities, student response questionnaires, and learning outcomes tests. The research results show that based on expert assessment, the material is substantially correct there are no conceptual errors and the average in other aspects is 4.4, so the e-book is considered appropriate. Meanwhile, based on trials, it was obtained that student activity results reached an average of 94.3%, positive student responses reached 86.8% and student learning results reached 88.89%, so it can be concluded that e-books are considered effective in learning.
 Keywords: E-Book, Mathematica Logic, Moral Values, Pancasila Student Profile
Identifikasi Eschericia coli dan Salmonella sp. pada Air Kolam Renang Candi Pari
Authors: Khakim Lukmanul , Rini Chylen Setiyo
Published: August 2024

Incorrect treatment of swimming pool can contaminate the water with bacteria. Common bacteria in water are Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp, both of which may infect the users of the swimming pool. Infection causes diarrhea and high fever on humans. The aim of this research is to investigate the contamination of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp at Candi pari swimming pool. Research design used in this research is the development of EMB and SSA selective medium, gram coloring test, and biochemical test to confirm the presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. Resultsfrom this research is the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp from 1 ml sample which were inoculated on selective medium. Conclusion from this research is from 2 samples taken from Candi Pari swimming pool, both are positively contaminated with Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp.
Hubungan Profil Lipid Dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Puspitasari Puspitasari , Aliviameita Andika
Published: August 2024

Diabetes mellitus is disease caused by a disorder of glucose metabolism. At present, diabetes mellitus is health problem in the world. Increased blood glucose levels can increase the risk of complications of various organs, one of which is cardiovascular disease. This study aims to determine the relationship between cholesterol total levels and triglycerides with blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. This type of research is observational analytic with cross sectional design. A total of 45 samples were selected selectively at Aisyiyah Siti Fatimah Tulangan Hospital in January 2016-February 2018. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between total cholesterol levels and blood glucose (b = 0,607; p = 0,046), and triglyceride levels with blood glucose levels (b = -0,276; p = 0,003). Based on the results, we found a stati
Pengaruh Filtrat Bawang Merah (Allium cepa) Terhadap Kadar Formalin pada Ikan Kembung (Rastrelliger sp)
Authors: Anglania Shintya Rara , Hanum Galuh Ratmana
Published: August 2024

Fish contains of protein, vitamins, fats and minerals for the body health. Many manufacturers still use formaline for preservation in fish. Onion can reduce the formaline levels in fish with saponin. This study aims to analyze the efficacy of onion to decrease the formaline levels in mackerel fish. This research is experimental laboratory with several parameters, such as: formalin levels, water content, ash content and bacterial analysis. The samples were used 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% filtrate for 1, 3 and 5 days soaking. The result of the research showed 50% filtrate for 5 days can reduce formalin level is 0.10 mg/L.Water content with 10% filtrate for 1 day is the best result (12.15%), ash content with 10% filtrate with for 1 day is the best result (0.22%). The best results for bacterial analysis in 1 day with 0 colon. This study used Repeated Measure Anova statistical with variation of onion filtrates obtained p-value=0.000 (p<0.05). The results showed that onion filtrates potentially decreased formaline levels in mackerel fish.
Pengaruh Lama Penundaan Pemeriksaan Serum Terhadap Kadar Elektrolit Natrium dan Klorida
Authors: Azizah Nurul , Aliviameita Andika
Published: August 2024

Electrolytes play an important role in the human body that can affect metabolism. Sample handling more than two hours in examination electrolyte levels would lead to less accurate results. This study aims to determine the effect of long delays serum examination of the levels of electrolytes sodium and chloride for 0, 3, 5, and 7 hours. This research was conducted with an experimental method using 32 serum samples. Results of sodiumand chloride levels after an increase in deferred examination. The mean 0 hour sodium level is 142.55 mmol/L, 3-hour sodium level is 143.18 mmol/L, 5-hour sodium level is 143.91 mmol/L and 7-hour sodium level is 144.41 mmol/L. The mean 0 hour chloride level is 97.66 mmol/L, 3-hour chloride level is 99.96 mmol/L, 5- hour chloride level is 103.62 mmol/L and 7-hour chloride level is 107.55 mmol/L. This study reflected thatthere is no effect of delaying serum on sodium levels, and there is an effect of delaying serum on chloride levels.