bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hey Friend I Am a Spiritual Robot! How May I Help You!
Authors: Sharma Ruchika , Aggarwal Aashu
Published: January 2025

Increasing depression and stress among the students are becoming the global concern, necessitating immediate intervention. On the other hand, spiritual robots are becoming novel perspective in addressing emotional and spiritual needs of users. By leveraging advanced AI technology, these robots can offer personalized guidance, facilitate mindfulness practices, and help students navigate their mental health challenges in college and personal settings. The traditional counselling methods can be reframed through the integration of spiritual robots, which may enhance accessibility and engagement for students, particularly those who may feel hesitant to seek help from human counselors. This chapter presents a novel perspective on how spiritual robots can enhance the well-being of students at college and help them perform better at educational as well as personal level. The authors conducted interviews with 25 students and present important implications for academic institutions regarding the application of robotic technology to promote the overall well-being of their student populations.
NeuroSymphony
Authors: D. Renuka Devi , T. A. Swetha Margaret
Published: January 2025

Music significantly influences our emotions and overall well-being in daily life. This proposed system seeks to revolutionize the music listening experience by harnessing the power of cognitive psychology, AI, and machine learning through advanced facial emotion detection. By integrating a facial recognition API, the system captures and analyzes the user's facial expressions in real time, accurately mapping these emotions to corresponding music genres, playlists, or individual tracks. The implementation follows a logical framework that connects emotion detection directly with music selection, featuring a state-of-the-art music player specifically designed to intuitively interpret human emotions using a web camera interface. The ultimate objective of this system is to enhance the user's mood and emotional well-being by curating music that aligns perfectly with the emotional cues derived from their facial expressions. This approach merges cognitive psychology with cutting-edge AI and machine learning technologies, offering an innovative, emotionally intelligent music experience.
Einstein Aggregators on Picture Fuzzy Sets for Evaluating Competencies in Blueprint Reading
Authors: Centillas Jr. Catalino , Lumbay Charles , Wenceslao Charldy , Villarosa Rica , Ocampo Lanndon
Published: January 2025

This work highlights an evaluation of blueprint reading competencies among university students, with particular attention to common and core competencies. Recognizing the ambiguity and imprecision arising from such an evaluation, Einstein aggregation operators on picture fuzzy sets were adopted to model the judgments of participants derived from a pool of mechanical technology students. Results reveal the students' competency level for each pre-identified task in blueprint reading. Although they display above-average performances, areas requiring enhancement in both competency types are identified. Pathways from these findings involve various strategies: conducting a separate in-depth study for a deeper understanding of the subject matter, incorporating particular emphasis on blueprint reading tasks, introducing competency-based exercises within relevant courses, and facilitating industry experts' collaboration. Comparative analysis with those of intuitionistic fuzzy sets and Dombi aggregation operators yields similar results.
Latest Approaches in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: An Integrative Analysis Based on the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) 2023 Guidelines
Authors: Lee Ye-Na
Published: January 2025

Diabetic foot ulcers are among the most severe complications in diabetes patients, often leading to life-threatening consequences if not treated appropriately. This study reviews the key treatment approaches outlined in the 2023 International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) guidelines, focusing on wound debridement, dressing selection, and adjunctive therapies such as negative pressure wound therapy, leucocyte/platelet/fibrin patch, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The guidelines emphasize a multidisciplinary approach to accelerate wound healing and reduce recurrence and amputation rates. The findings suggest that integrating these advanced techniques with consistent patient monitoring and self-care education can improve clinical outcomes and prevent ulcer recurrence. This study concludes that further advancements in treatment and monitoring strategies will continue to enhance diabetic foot care, benefitting patient quality of life.
Repurposing Antidiabetic Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis among an East Asian Population: Results from a Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Jee Yongho , Shin Jong Won , Hong So-hyeon , Song Tae-Jin
Published: January 2025

Background: The time-consuming process of drug development contributes to unmet healthcare needs for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Studies of Western populations suggest the potential use of antidiabetic drugs as an alternative to lower RA risk. We aimed to examine the possibility of repurposing antidiabetic drugs for RA by evaluating their causal associations with genetic antidiabetic drug target genes using Mendelian randomization (MR) of samples from an East Asian biobank.Methods: We conducted drug-targeting two-sample MR to estimate the association between the antidiabetic drug and RA risk using summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as independent genetic variants that encode the target proteins of the selected antidiabetic drugs (insulin/insulin analogues, thiazolidinediones, and sulfonylureas). Instrumental associations with fasting blood glucose and RA were extracted from the KoGES (Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study) and BBJ (BioBank Japan), respectively.Results: A decrease in fasting blood sugar level of 1 mmol (1.8 mg/dL) by the rs1801282 SNP in the PPARG gene reduced the incidence of RA by about 20%. Moreover, another SNP within the PPARG gene, rs35240997, reduced the incidence of RA about 16%.Conclusion: SNPs within the anti-diabetic drug target genes lowered fasting blood sugar levels and the risk of RA. However, the results from this study require cautious interpretations due to weak instrument bias.
Effect of cold hip bath on gastric motility and constipation-related symptoms in patients with functional constipation: A pilot study
Authors: Shukla Deepa , Rao Raghavendra , Babina N. M.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Primary or functional constipation (FC) is defined as having symptoms of constipation for more than 6 months without any underlying cause such as medication side effects or an underlying medical condition. The evidence for the efficacy and safety of available treatment options for the management of constipation is limited. Therefore, using non-pharmacological and dietary approaches and changing lifestyle assumes significance. Different non-pharmacological measures are beneficial in functional constipation because they reduce stress, change the lifestyle and improve the constipation symptoms.

Objective:

To evaluate the effects of cold hip bath (CHB) on constipation symptoms and gastric motility in individuals with functional constipation.

Materials and Methods:

Participants were recruited from Medicine and Gastroenterology OPD, if they satisfied the eligibility criteria and gave consent to participate in the study. A total of 30 participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group. The experimental group (16 participants) was given a CHB intervention along with a high-fiber diet for 14 days. The control group (14 participants) followed only a high-fiber diet. Assessments were done for both groups on days 1 and 14. The assessments included were constipation assessment scale (CAS), constipation scoring system (CSS), patient assessment of constipation – quality of life (PAC-QOL), and surface electro gastro gram (EGG). Data Analysis was done using SPSS 20. Determination of significance was done with α = 0.05 or less.

Results:

The results suggested that, in the intervention group, there was a significant reduction in CAS (P < 0.001), CSS (P < 0.001) and PAC-QOL (P = 0.001) scorings compared to the control group. There were not many significant changes in EGG, but within the group, in the control group, there were significant changes in dominant frequency (DF) and also in dominant power (DP) after the water load test throughout the recording. In the intervention group, there were significant changes in DP throughout the recording.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded from this study that, CHB along with a high-fiber diet is beneficial to a greater degree in constipation-related symptoms compared to only a high-fiber diet. CHB does not show any significant changes in EGG. Although the present study suggests that there is no significant role of CHB in changing gastric motility, however, due to the limited sample size used in the present study, future studies need to be conducted using a larger sample size regarding the effect of CHB on gastric motility.
Influence of yoga with specific application of restorative yoga on key facets of geriatric health
Authors: Sharma Divya , Sharma B. R.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Jara denotes the phase of deterioration that ensues after reaching middle age, usually recognised as the process of ageing. Both Ayurveda and Yoga Shastra prioritise the use of various techniques intended to postpone the commencement of Jara, with the ultimate goal of attaining an extended period of optimal physical and mental health. The utilisation of yoga can generate favourable results for elderly adults, as it can enhance physical strength and flexibility, whereas also functioning as a proactive strategy against pain and damage.

Method:

The examination of the underlying processes that contribute to the impact of yoga on key facets of elderly well-being, together with the application of these discoveries in clinical environments, has very important significance in the current day. This review aims to analyse the impact of Yoga on facilitating healthy ageing by using tailored preventative and therapeutic approaches. The present study is conceptual, relying on material derived from scholarly publications and reputable sources on yoga, in addition to the canonical scriptures

Result:

The all-encompassing character of Ashtanga yoga, Hatha yoga, restorative yoga and its associated practises entails a holistic methodology that incorporates several facets of an individual’s being. The medical use of addressing imbalances caused by illness spans several dimensions, encompassing psychological, social, physical, emotional and spiritual facets. The study of the impact of yama and niyama on the social, emotional and spiritual well-being of older individuals, along with the exploration of how asana and pranayama contribute to the improvement of different bodily systems and the delay of the ageing process, holds significance.

Conclusion:

The present study focussed to examine the underlying mechanism through which an alternative yoga therapy treatment influences the well-being of older individuals. Specifically, this research emphasises the comprehensive nature of the therapeutic system, which emphasises the idea that the later stages of life are marked by heightened wisdom and spiritual development rather than solely physical deterioration.
Role of yoga- and naturopathy-based lifestyle modification in improving the clinical outcomes, vitality and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Nair Pradeep M. K. , Silwal Karishma , Yadav Dinesh , Siddiqui Aarfa , Kriplani Sucheta , Sharma Gita , Jagwani Mamta , Sharma Hemanshu , Tewani Gulab Rai
Published: January 2025

Background:

Patient-centred approaches in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are getting greater acceptance across the globe. We explored the impact of a vitality-centric yoga- and naturopathy-based lifestyle programme (YNBLP) on T2DM patients.

Materials and Methods:

This study included 103 participants aged 56.82 ± 10.16 years, who underwent 10 days of YNBLP at a residential setting. The participants were either on anti-diabetic drugs and/or insulin or none. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), body mass index, blood pressure, Visual Analogue Scale Vitality and quality of life (QoL) measures were collected at the baseline and post-intervention.

Results:

Significant changes (P < 0.01) were observed in all the parameters studied. A considerable percentage of participants moved from a poor QoL to a better QoL status post-intervention. We observed a strong positive correlation between vitality and health (ρ = 0.692). Similarly, a weak negative correlation was observed between vitality and FBS (ρ = −0.023); vitality and weight (ρ = −0.003); health status and FBS (ρ = −0.059). A subgroup analysis has shown that the results are consistent amongst all participants irrespective of their medication status.

Conclusion:

A vitality-centric YNBLP improves diabetic-related clinical and QoL outcomes. Furthermore, an increase in vitality has been shown to improve health status and glycaemic control.
Effectiveness of Taping in Scapular Dyskinesis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Manaktala Muskan , Goyal Manu , Popli Aditi , Goyal Kanu
Published: January 2025

The scapular dyskinesis (SD) implies a change in the mechanics and motion of the scapula. It is believed that variations in the activity of the scapular stabilizing muscles cause the occurrence. The gold standard of treatment for SD involves conservative measures aimed at improving scapular kinematics. Treating SD’s major objective is restoring appropriate scapular movements and position. For the management and cure of musculoskeletal problems, taping became a popular rehabilitation technique. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of kinesiology and rigid taping in treating SD. A systematic review assessed whether taping improves scapular position and movement, leading to pain and disability reduction. The study selection criteria include a Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) score of 5 or higher, participants aged 18–60, both genders, and published articles, while exclusions include unpublished articles, birth deformities, and mental disorders. Papers published between 2013 and December 2023 were searched in databases such as Cochrane, PubMed, Pedro, and Google Scholar, focusing on randomized trials in English using Medical Subject Headings and Descriptors for Science and Health. Among 4870 papers initially found, 1118 were eligible for full-text screening, with 8 selected for thorough review. The Risk of Bias Visualization tool has been used for assessing the risk of bias. Results suggest that scapular taping improves kinematics and discomfort, potentially enhancing traditional physiotherapy outcomes. Participants showed better scapular stabilization, proprioceptive feedback, and shoulder mobility. However, more high-quality research, particularly randomized controlled trials, is needed to validate these findings and explore kinesiology taping’s comparative benefits for SD.
Students’ Perceptions on Educational Environment Using DREEM Questionnaire: An Experience from a Private Medical College of West Bengal
Authors: Saha Indranil , Mishra Gaurav Vedprakash , Mandal Ajay Kumar , Ghose Gautam
Published: January 2025

Background:

Educational environment which consists of several factors such as physical environment (e.g., classroom and equipment), teachers, colleagues, and other student support systems affects students’ academic achievement, happiness, motivation, and success.

Objectives:

The present study was conducted to assess the perceptions of the students regarding the overall educational environment of an institute in terms of the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted at IQ City Medical College, Durgapur, West Bengal, for a duration among 5th-, 7th-, and 9th-semester students and interns with complete enumeration method. Out of enrolled 580 students, data could be collected from 407 students with a response rate of 72.5%. Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test were employed to see the differences of scores using SPSS software (version 19.0).

Results:

Overall, the DREEM score varied from 117 to 138 out of a possible score of 200. The score increased with increase in age group. In all other subdomains, the median score was found to be on positive side with few exceptions. Male students and interns had a higher median score in most of the subdomains.

Conclusion:

Although the students had the impression of positive educational environment, there are scopes for further improvement of educational environment.
Comparative Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Russian Current Stimulation of Tibialis Posterior in Individuals with Flexible Flat Foot: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kumar Sushil , Gurudut Peeyoosha
Published: January 2025

Background:

Intrinsic and extrinsic musculatures along with inert structures provide both mobility and stability to the foot. Dysfunction of tibialis posterior (TP) tendon causes pathomechanical alteration in the foot initiating temporary and later leading to permanent changes in the foot. TP strengthening may lead to improvement in flat foot. Electrical stimulation has proven effects on the strengthening of muscle.

Objective:

The objective was to evaluate and compare the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and Russian current (RC) on TP muscle in subjects with flexible flat foot.

Materials and Methods:

The study participants (n = 60) were recruited and randomly allocated into control, NMES, and RC groups (n = 20 in each group). Outcome measures included were Chippaux index, 5-min walk test, and single heel raise test which were assessed pre- and postintervention. Sixth-week follow-up was taken to determine the carryover effects.

Results:

Between-group comparison showed both NMES and RC groups to be significantly better (P < 0.01) than the control group for all outcome measures. However, RC and NMES groups demonstrated to be equally effective, in terms of all study variables.

Conclusion:

RC and NMES show promising improvement in the TP strength and walking distance for the management of flexible flat foot secondary to the dysfunction of the TP tendon.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices regarding Cancer Preventive Vaccines among Medical Students in Central India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Singh Charu , Petkar Prithvi B. , Mishra Vaishnavi
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

In many different contexts, cancer vaccination, either by itself or in conjunction with screening, has demonstrated potential in lowering the incidence and cancer-attributed mortality. The cancer vaccines are not widely used in many poor nations, including India, despite its demonstrated efficacy and potential for major beneficial community impact.

Objectives:

The current study will be performed with the objectives to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical students in central India regarding cancer preventive vaccination and to assess the extent of coverage of vaccination and the factors affecting the acceptance of human papillomavirus vaccine among medical students.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive study of three months duration will be conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital of a university in Central India among 208 undergraduate medical students. Systematic random sampling will be used to select the study participants from different professional years. A semi-structured, validated, and pilot-tested questionnaire that will be developed into a Google Form will be used to collect the data. Institutional ethical committee clearance will be obtained prior to initiation of the study. The collected data will be analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. Descriptive analysis will be done using mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables, while frequency and percentages will be calculated for categorical variables.

Results:

Mean age of students, difference in perception according to gender, knowledge regarding various aspects of cancer prevalence, occurrence, and prevention will be assessed. Attitude and actual practice regarding cancer preventive vaccine will be evaluated. The reasons for low uptake of cancer vaccines will be summarized.

Conclusion:

The knowledge-attitude-practice gap will help to highlight the need to vaccinate healthcare providers as well as their ability to dissipate knowledge to their patients in future.
Genesis of Professional Nursing Education in India
Authors: Nair Rathish , Sarin Jyoti
Published: January 2025

The origin of professional nursing education in India evolved from unorganized apprenticeship training to a university level degree programme over a span of time across pre-independence and post independence. Nursing in India was initiated for military services by the British East India Company. The untiring efforts of the Trained Nursing Association of India during early twentieth century lead to foundation of advances in nursing education in India. The British ignited the revolution in nursing education by bringing trained nurses to India and establishing nursing traning schools. In the Post independence era, the Health Survey and Development committee (Bhore Committee) recommendations brought nursing education and preventive aspect of health tothe forefront. This article explores the development of professional nursing education in India.
Diagnosis of Functional Dyspepsia-An Unsolved Mystery
Authors: Arora Devamsh , Majumdar Anurakti , Shukla Rushikesh , Acharya Sourya
Published: January 2025

India is one among the many countries which is famous for its spices all along the world. Being a region rich in spice, the food here is also full of various amounts of spices, and knowing this fact, people from all over the globe travel to have a taste of it. With such a dietary lifestyle, people here often suffer from many gastrointestinal diseases and dyspepsia being one of them. This review article consists of the data relating to the diagnosis of functional dyspepsia (FD). FD is a problem known for a long time. Even after knowing so much about the condition, the diagnosis still prevails to be a major challenge, especially in a developing country like India, as it requires an extensive amount of diagnostic procedures which can be heavy on the pocket of the patient. Dyspepsia can broadly be divided into two types, functional or nonorganic and structural or organic, respectively. Both of these conditions present with almost similar complaints and to exclude any of them requires the diagnosis of exclusion. The incidence of dyspepsia in the World is around 30% and in India, it is around 40%. This review article contains data about FD with a special attention to the diagnosis of it. The whole idea of treating the functional disorder like this is mainly by the use of various centrally acting medicines targeting areas related to satiety. The preference of lifestyle change over medicine is seen in most cases of FD.
Descriptive Analysis on Health-related Quality of Life in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome of Kheda District
Authors: Shah Shreeni , Sharma Dolly A , Ojha Santosh , Debnath Manna
Published: January 2025

Background:

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a chronic, diverse endocrine condition that is frequently identified in women of reproductive age. PCOS has long-term health risks associated. Measuring quality of life (QOL) can provide beneficiary insights into health and associated risk factors. Early recognition and knowledge about PCOS enhances affected women’s reproductive potential. The current study aimed to assess the QOL in women diagnosed with PCOS in the Kheda District using a simple questionnaire survey.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among eligible women of age 18–45 years after obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional ethical committee. The data were gathered using a nonprobability sampling technique. Descriptive analysis using the Likert Scale was used to summarize the five domains (menstrual irregularity, emotions, body hair, weight, and infertility) of health-related QOL.

Results:

One hundred and nineteen women were found eligible for the study. The mean age of women with PCOS was 24.5 ± 3.5 years. Many women with PCOS were found to have a body mass index within or near the normal range. About 50% of participants reported no concerns about visible body hair, while only 16.8% were concerned about infertility. Experiences in the emotional domain varied; 51.9% felt disturbed by their body weight, and 82.4% reported severe difficulties in managing menstrual irregularities.

Conclusion:

The observation leads to the conclusion that PCOS prevalence is steadily rising, which highlights requirement of support and widespread knowledge regarding the effects of their condition on QOL, as each domain has equal importance for the better livings. Although medical practitioners, gynecologists, and clinicians play key roles in diagnosing PCOS, still there is a need to educate and aware women for the ongoing changes in their life and the necessity to have early and timely diagnosis.
Utilization of Skilled Accredited Social Health Activist Workers for Early Detection of Hypertension: A Community-based Skill Transfer Initiative
Authors: Mohite Rajsinh
Published: January 2025

Background:

Hypertension is a leading cause of premature deaths which can be easily reverted through periodic screening of the population with minimal cost. This study aimed to prepare the competent Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) workers to measure blood pressure more accurately and to utilize them to estimate the burden of undiagnosed hypertension.

Methods:

A mixed method study design was practiced in a randomly selected primary health center from the state of Maharashtra, India in the year 2023. A total of 13 ASHA workers and 650 community participants were enrolled in the study. The participants were trained, assessed and utilized to estimate the hypertension with validated questionnaire and equipment. The repeated ANOVA and Chi-square tests were practiced for statistical analysis.

Results:

The total of 13 ASHAs was trained of which max. 69.2% in the age group of 30–40 years, and 84.6% with working experience of more than 5 years. The mean score of blood pressure measurement skill before and after training was 3.61 ± 2.02 and 24.30 ± 0.37 and difference reported significant by The repeated measurement ANOVA test (P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity to measure blood pressure for ASHA workers recorded was 93.02% and 92.12%, respectively. The new case detection rate of undiagnosed hypertension in a rural community by skilled ASHAs was 10.4% and of which maximum 76.46% of cases were in the age group of 35–54 years.

Conclusions:

The study concluded that it is feasible and practically applicable to train ASHAs with limited resources and technology to estimate the problem statement of hypertension effectively and confidently.
Clinicopathology of Triple-negative Breast Cancer: A Study from Tertiary Care Hospital of Central India
Authors: Vodithala Sahitya , Bhake Arvind
Published: January 2025

Background:

The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a unique molecular subtype of invasive ductal carcinoma that bears the characters of aggressive biological behavior, high Bloom Richardson grade, and high tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stage at its presentation. So also, young’s being affected by TNBC is more common. Therefore, a study has been undertaken at our center to evaluate TNBC for its clinicopathological characteristics. The objective of the study was to profile the TNBC for its clinicopathological features.

Methods:

The study design was observational. It was carried out on 36 patients who were diagnosed with molecular subtype of TNBC upon the immunohistochemistry for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal receptor 2. The descriptive statistics and statistical analysis for association of the selected clinicopathological characteristics with TNBC were performed.

Results:

The study was carried out on 36 patients. The 36.11% of these cases were below 40 years of age. The clinically palpable lymph nodes were noticed in 55.55% of the cases. Grade 3 disease was present in 58.33% of cases while tumor stage of T2 was noted in 63.88% of cases. The 44.44% patients had N1 + N2 disease. The lymphovascular invasion was noted in 55.55% cases. The TNM stage 2 and stage 3 diseases together was noticed in 94.46%.

Conclusion:

The single-center study of ours concludes that the molecular subtype of TNBC affects the young and shows the metastatic disease at its clinical presentation with high histological grade.
Acute Gastric Volvulus Associated with Wandering Spleen and Diaphragmatic Eventration in a 5-month-old Girl
Authors: Mandarano Giacomo , Torri Fabio , Bulotta Anna Lavinia , Bosisio Michele , Parolini Filippo , Boroni Giovanni , Alberti Daniele
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The triad of gastric volvulus (GV), wandering spleen (WS), and diaphragmatic eventration (DE) is extremely uncommon and only two cases have been reported in the current pediatric literature. In this paper, we aim to describe the diagnostic and surgical management of a 5-month-old baby with this pathological triad and to present the other cases reported in pediatric literature. A 5-month-old baby was referred to our hospital because of vomiting and inconsolable crying from 12 h. The X-ray study demonstrated a severely distended stomach and a left diaphragmatic elevation. Swallow fluoroscopy revealed no passing contrast in duodenum and abdomen ultrasound showed splenic malposition. Computed tomography scan confirmed GV and WS. The patient underwent an urgent laparoscopy that revealed ischemia of the gastric antrum, thrombosis of the right gastroepiploic vein, and eventration of the left hemidiaphragm. After laparotomic conversion due to hemodynamic instability, derotation of the stomach allowed appreciation of splenic 360° twisting within the diaphragmatic defect. The spleen was untwisted, placed in a fashioned retroperitoneal pocket, and covered with the splenocolic ligament. The stomach was anchored to the large omentum and the diaphragm was plicated. Our case is the first one describing this pathological triad in such a little infant. This association is probably the result of a developmental defect of left upper abdomen ligaments and must be considered a cause of upper gastrointestinal obstruction. In case of diaphragmatic defects, if gastric malposition or ectopic spleen are identified, we suggest early diaphragmatic plication, prophylactic gastropexy, and splenopexy to prevent GV and WS torsion, which can lead to gastric necrosis with perforation and splenic infarction. Although laparoscopy may be useful, operative laparotomy is necessary in case of hemodynamic instability.
Case Series of Transverse Testicular Ectopia in Children
Authors: Vudata Sai Prasuna , Inugala Anusiri , Vuppala Sai Krishna , Banda Revanth Kumar
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is an uncommon urological abnormality in children where both the gonads migrate toward the same hemi-scrotum. Herein, we describe five cases of children with TTE and their management at a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods:

Five cases with complaints of inguinal hernia and undescended testis were presented to the department of pediatric Surgery at a tertiary care center have been taken up for the study. The history, investigations, surgical findings, and procedures were reviewed retrospectively.

Case Summary:

Of the five cases, one presented with irreducible inguinal hernia, two presented with unilateral hernia with contralateral undescended testis, and two presented with bilateral undescended testes. Inguinal herniotomy and transseptal orchiopexy were performed in all 5 cases. Three of the five cases were associated with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS).

Conclusion:

In children with unilateral cryptorchidism and a contralateral descendent testis with an associated hernia, TTE should be suspected and ultrasonographic evaluation must be done to diagnose this condition before surgery. Transseptal orchiopexy is highly recommended to manage these cases especially when vasa deferentia are fused. In the case of PMDS, it is preferred to preserve Müllerian remnants.
Falciform Ligament Abscess Causing Acute Abdomen: Unveiling the Enigma with Review of Literature
Authors: Kumar Posam Manoj , Kotaiah Mandakini T. , Keerthi Gudla , Reddy Vishnuvardhan
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Falciform ligament abscess (FLA) is a rare type of intra-abdominal abscess which has been sporadically reported. Diagnosis of FLA can be challenging without typical image findings of an abscess. This study publishes the varied clinical presentations, radiological findings, and management of FLA.

Materials and Methods:

All patients who were diagnosed and operated for FLA between May 2022 and May 2024 are included in the study. Relevant investigations were done preoperatively.

Results:

A total of six patients were operated for FLA. The mean age of presentation was 30 days. There were no major perioperative complications in five patients. One patient had pyopericardium which required pericardiocentesis and catheter drainage preoperatively.

Conclusion:

FLA should be considered in children, especially in infants with vague abdominal symptoms and failure to respond to conservative management. Due to its obscure location, it often causes delay in diagnosis and inadequate treatment. Hence, early consideration of this pathology is crucial for timely diagnosis, proper surgical treatment, and decreased morbidity and mortality.
Exstrophied Variant of Rectal Duplication Cyst with Supernumerary Kidney
Authors: Dudhani Shreyas , Sinha Amit Kumar , Rashi Rashi , Bachala Keerthana , Parwaiz Amber
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Neonate with a perineal mass may rarely present with a rectal duplication cyst. The index case presented with a perineal located mass which on evaluation revealed an exstrophied variant of a duplication cyst neonate associated with supernumerary kidney. She was subsequently managed surgically with the resection of mass and a diversion colostomy. It is understood that these extrophic variants are neither cystic nor tubular and maybe attached to the rectum or vagina but do not communicate with it. Previous reports of such rectal cysts are less than ten in number with this being the only one reported with supernumerary kidney.
Germ Cell Neoplasia In situ in Undescended Testis: A Myth or Reality?
Authors: Mishra Pravash Ranjan , Purkait Suvendu , Manekar Aditya Arvind , Tripathy Bikasha Bihary
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Untreated cryptorchid testes are in risk of intratubular germ cell neoplasia and subsequently may give rise to invasive germ cell tumors.

Materials and Methods:

Tissue samples were obtained from patients undergoing orchidectomy or orchiopexy and were subjected to routine histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations.

Results:

Forty-three patients were enrolled in this study out of which 30 samples were collected. The mean age of patients was 9.16 years. One case (6.7%) showed positivity of the germ cell neoplasia with anto placental alkaline phosphatase and Anto CD-117 positive. Other histopathological findings such as fibrocollagenous tissue and Leydig cell hyperplasia were reported.

Conclusion:

Early surgical management is of importance for a better outcome in cases of undescended testes.
Challenges in Managing Closed Gastroschisis: Addressing a Rare and Complex Variant of Abdominal Wall Defect
Authors: Verma Ajay , Yadav Devendra K. , Singh Jitendra K. , Anand Sachit
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

In closed gastroschisis, the initial herniation of the intestines through the abdominal wall defect subsequently leads to spontaneous closure of the defect during fetal development, even before the migration of the intestines back to the abdominal domain.

Materials and Methods:

This study investigates the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies of closed gastroschisis through a retrospective review of six cases presented at our clinic between 2009 and 2024. Data were prospectively collected and analyzed to gain insights into the varied presentations and outcomes of this rare condition.

Results:

In this cohort of six patients with closed gastroschisis, none had undergone antenatal ultrasonographic examination, and all presented to the emergency department immediately after birth with a mass protruding from the abdominal wall. Each patient underwent evaluation and laparotomy for definitive management. Five of the six children showed favorable outcomes at the 48-month follow-up, while one patient succumbed to postoperative sepsis.

Conclusions:

Abdominal wall defects, including closed gastroschisis, are congenital anomalies requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. This rare variant presents unique challenges in management due to its atypical features. The findings from this study contribute to a better understanding of closed gastroschisis and its management, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in improving patient outcomes in pediatric surgical practice. Antenatal diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention as early as possible after birth are the mainstays of treatment.
Comparative evaluation of pattern and distribution of stresses in single- and double-implant overdenture using ball-ring, positioner, and magnet-keeper attachment under different loading conditions: A finite element analysis
Authors: Jain Jatin , Sethuraman Rajesh , Shah Sayam Sachin
Published: January 2025

Aim:

The aim is to evaluate and compare stress distribution characteristics of ball, magnet, and positioned attachment systems in single and double implant-retained overdentures using the finite element method (FEM).

Setting and Design:

In vitro (in silico study) finite element analysis (FEA).

Materials and Methods:

A Styrofoam mandible with duplicated silicon mucosa was used to construct a mandibular complete denture. Implants of size 12 mm by 3.4 mm body diameter (Implantium, Dentium, Korea) were used along with ball O-ring, positioner, and magnet attachment system for constructing single and double implant overdenture. FEA models were processed defining geometry. Six models were formulated, namely, three models of central single implant and three for double implant overdenture using ball O-ring attachment, positioner attachment, and magnet attachment named B1, P1, M1, B2, P2, and M2, respectively. The FEM analysis was done using ANSYS workbench 16.0. A load of around 100N was applied bilaterally in the first molar regions, anteriorly between the two central incisors, and unilaterally on the right first molar region. Stresses were calculated according to the Von Mises stresses scale. Stress magnitude and patterns were analyzed and interpreted accordingly.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Stress patterns and maximum principal stress were described.

Results:

FEM analysis revealed that stress concentration in the B1 model was the highest. Anterior loading produced maximum stress followed by unilateral and lastly bilateral loading. In the bone, stress concentration was the highest in the crestal bone region (3–18 MPa). Mucosa showed the least amount of stress in all models (1.3–3 MPa). Stress patterns in dentures were symmetric with concentration on the mid-lingual and molar premolar area (3–18 MPa). Implants showed stress concentration near the collar and the internal connection region (7.5–24 MPa). Maximum stresses were around the head of prosthetic abutments (10.5–24 MPa). The stress concentration in the ball head was typically located in the abutment neck. In positioner attachment, stress was located in the inner open end area (11–20.1 MPa). For the keeper, stresses were at its base and stress patterns extended into the body (10.5–17.7 MPa). Less stress magnitude was seen for all models on bilateral loading (10.5–15 MPa).

Conclusion:

Magnet and positioner attachments have a more favorable stress distribution in both single and double implant-retained overdentures. Bilateral loading conditions are more favorable for uniform stress patterns.
A systematic review assessing the osseoincorporation potential of trabecular dental implants: A current evidence and future directions
Authors: Patwardhan Karuna S. , Puranik Nisha , Kanathila Hema , Nelogi Santosh Yamanappa , Jirge Vasanti P
Published: January 2025

Statement of Problem:

There is lack of evidence of studies conducted to compare the integration of soft and hard tissues of conventional implants and porous tantalum trabecular metal (PTTM dental implants).

Purpose:

This systematic review assessed the clinical outcomes evaluating the hard and soft-tissue parameters for PTTM dental implants when compared with conventional titanium dental implants.

Materials and Methods:

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review based on PRISMA 2020 checklist was used as guideline for reporting this protocol. The search was conducted in SCOPUS, PUBMED, Cochrane library, and EMBASE databases for the studies published from January 1, 2010, to January 1, 2023. The chosen publications’ cross-references were further examined, and studies whose whole texts were not available through the computerized search were manually looked up.

Results:

Through search strategy a total of 1152 articles were yielded. After screening titles and abstracts, 9 articles were further screened for full text. After critical analysis, according to the eligibility criteria of this review, 7 articles were included in this systematic review for data extraction. Four studies revealed mean of 98.8% survival rate for trabecular implants. Histologically, 2 studies showed upregulation of bone morphogenic proteins, collagens, and growth factors with respect to trabecular dental implants.

Conclusion:

From this study, it can be concluded that PTTM dental implants showed a better osseoincorporation potential than titanium implants. However, a longer follow-up period is required to assess its true potential.
Role of oral health literacy in demand for oral healthcare services for missing teeth replacement among dental patients visiting a dental teaching hospital in India
Authors: Rao Duggineni Chalapathi , Vundavalli Sudhakar , Indiran Meignana Arumugham , Rao Atluri Kaleswara , Radhika Doppalapudi , Salloum Mahmoud Gamal
Published: January 2025

Aims:

To assess the role of oral health literacy (OHL) in demand for oral healthcare services for missing teeth replacement among adult patients who are visiting the outpatient department of a teaching hospital, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Settings and Design:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in a dental teaching institute, Andhra Pradesh, southern part of India.

Materials and Methods:

Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a sample of adult participants was selected through systematic random method from the patients who visited the outpatient department. Data from 740 participants were included in the final analysis. A prevalidated questionnaire adopted from Oral Health Literacy Adult Questionnaire (OHL-AQ) was used for data collection and american dental association (ADA) type IV clinical examination was used for recording missing teeth.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Bivariate tests such as the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney’s test, and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to assess the predictors for the demand for the replacement of missing teeth.

Results:

The overall demand for replacement of missing teeth was 46.22%. 37.88% of participants had adequate OHL, 24.72% had marginal OHL, and 37.4% had inadequate OHL. Demand for replacement was more in females than males (57.6% vs. 35.6%), which was statistically significant (P = 0.00). Participants with missing anterior teeth had nearly twice the demand for prosthodontic care (P = 0.046). Participants with adequate OHL had 3.63 times more demand for prosthodontic replacement of missing teeth (odds ratio = 3.63 and P = 0.002).

Conclusion:

OHL has a positive role in the demand for prosthodontic replacement of missing teeth along with gender and anterior missing teeth. Oral health policies should incorporate strategies to improve OHL.
Over-provisionals – Simplified chairside preoperative evaluation of esthetic and functional changes during full mouth rehabilitation
Authors: Banu R. Fathima , Kumar V. Anand , Veeravalli Padmanabhan T.
Published: January 2025

Prosthetic rehabilitation in multifaceted dental abnormality needs sequential planning to ensure adaptation of oral and associated musculature. Reduction of tooth structure before adaptation of oral and associated components may complicate the treatment modality if compliance of the musculature is poor. Hence, the fabrication of over-provisional in esthetic rehabilitation enables to assess of the success of the treatment plan preoperatively before invasive trials. A 55-year-old male with a diagnosis of Category I loss of vertical dimension, according to Turner and Missirlian classification, required full mouth rehabilitation. The case report depicts the preoperative management of full mouth rehabilitation with direct chair-side technique using over-provisional to analyze the esthetic and functional changes. Restoration of esthetics is a complex task that needs patient satisfaction to achieve success. Over-provisional is a simplified method of establishing esthetics and functional rehabilitation. Esthetic and functional rehabilitation of an individual can be an easy transition when preoperative evaluation of the final prosthesis design is visually created intraorally.
Comparison of the antibacterial efficacy of 810 nm diode laser and photodynamic therapy in reducing microbial flora in patients with peri-implant mucositis – An in vivo study
Authors: Siwach Poonam , Sanan Reshu , Nagpal Abhishek , Shetty Omkar Krishna , Bhardwaj Amit , Sharma Mukesh
Published: January 2025

Aim:

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the antimicrobial effects of an 810-nanometer diode laser, utilizing or not utilizing toluidine blue as a photosensitizer, in the management of peri-implant mucositis.

Settings and Design:

The present study was carried out in 30 implant sites in 15 patients with peri-implant mucositis with a specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. 15 sites were treated utilizing a diode laser (control group) and 15 with photodynamic therapy (test group) in a split-mouth format.

Materials and Methods:

Samples were taken from the gingival sulcus with the help of plastic curettes from control and test sites both at baseline and at 3 months for microbiological analysis.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Shapiro-Wilk Test was used to check deviation from normality. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyse the two dependent groups.

Results:

Intragroup comparison was found to be statistically significant when compared at baseline and at 3 months in the photodynamic (P = 0.001) and diode laser groups (P = 0.001), respectively. No statistically significant reduction in bacterial count was found at baseline (P = 0.1) and at 3 months (P = 0.5) when the diode laser group and photodynamic group were compared with each other (intergroup).

Conclusion:

Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that there is a definitive reduction in pathogenic bacteria with both interventions and PDT offers clinically visible benefits in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis.