bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insects farmed for food and feed — global scale, practices, and policy
Authors: Rowe Abraham
Published: August 2020

- Currently, 1 trillion to 1.2 trillion insects are raised on farms annually for food and animal feed.- There are currently between 79 billion and 94 billion insects alive on farms globally on average on an average day.- While it is unclear what welfare reforms might best improve the lives of insects on farms, it seems possible that standardized training on best practices, and potentially slaughter reform are promising ways to improve insect welfare on farms.- The countries that farm the most insects in the world are Thailand, France, South Africa, China, Canada, and the United States.- The industry is rapidly growing —millions of dollars have been invested into startups that are working to industrialize the industry, especially to produce insect alternatives to animal feed and fishmeal. This also means that the scale could increase by one or more orders of magnitude in the near future.- Note that these estimates only include insects whose bodies are eaten in whole or powdered form for food and animal feed. They do not include insects farmed for a food product they produce (such as honey bees), nor insects who have a food additive produced with a minor derivative of their bodies (such as cochineals). This research also does not cover wild insects collected for food or animal feed. Finally, this research does not cover annelids raised for fishing bait, though some of the insects sold live described in this report are likely used for fishing bait.
Reasons, Answers and Goals
Authors: Turri John
Published: August 2020

I discuss two arguments against the view that reasons are propositions. I consider responses to each argument, including recent responses due to Mark Schroeder, and suggest further responses of my own. In each case, the discussion proceeds by comparing reasons to answers and goals.
Motives and Rivalry of Superpower Countries: The United States and China in Rohingya Humanitarian Crisis. AUTHOR: Achmad Ismail
Authors: Ahmad Abdul
Published: August 2020

ANALISIS PEMIKIRAN WALTER CARLSNAES DALAM KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI AMERIKA SERIKAT TERHADAP KOREA UTARA TERKAIT ISU DENUKLIRISASI TAHUN 2017-2019
Rekonseptualisasi Lembaga Keamanan Laut sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Indonesia Menjadi Negara Poros Maritim. AUTHOR: Alfian Nur Salsabila, Gayatri Galuh Pertiwi, Popi Fitriyah Dewi
Authors: Ahmad Abdul
Published: August 2020

Rekonseptualisasi Lembaga Keamanan Laut sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Indonesia Menjadi Negara Poros MaritimAlfian Nur Salsabila, Gayatri Galuh Pertiwi, Popi Fitriyah Dewi
ANALISIS TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK DILIHAT DARI STANDAR NON PERFORMING LOAN (NPL) PADA PT. BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT RAGA DANA SEJAHTERA CABANG PADANG
Authors: Khairi Yori Qalbi , Widayati Ratna
Published: August 2020

This study aims to determine the level of bank health at PT. BPR Raga Dana Sejahtera in the Padang branch by using non-pefoming loan standards in 2015-2017, the impact of non-performing loans on company profits in 2015-2017, efforts made to overcome non-performing loans at PT. BPR Raga Dana Sejahtera Padang branch in 2015-2017. Data was collected using interviews and documentation. Data were analyzed using case study analysis with a quantitative approach. The results showed that the classification of the Bank's health level there are four categories, namely: healthy, healthy enough, less healthy, and unhealthy. the impact of non-performing loans to the Bank is the decline in profits, disruption of cash turnover, reduced level of bank soundness, reduced bank capital, and decreased public confidence. efforts made to overcome problem loans at PT. BPR Raga Dana Sejahtera Padang branch is a restructuring, rescheduling, foreclosure guarantee, and write off loans (write off receivables).
ANALISIS PEMIKIRAN WALTER CARLSNAES DALAM KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI AMERIKA SERIKAT TERHADAP KOREA UTARA TERKAIT ISU DENUKLIRISASI TAHUN 2017-2019 LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIR Oleh: Tri Ermi Mulyani
Authors: Ahmad Abdul
Published: August 2020

ANALISIS PEMIKIRAN WALTER CARLSNAESDALAM KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI AMERIKASERIKAT TERHADAP KOREA UTARA TERKAIT ISUDENUKLIRISASI TAHUN 2017-2019LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIROleh:Tri Ermi Mulyani
World_Maritim_Axis_and_Silk_Road
Authors: Ahmad Abdul
Published: August 2020

PENGUATAN KONEKTIVITAS LINTAS BATAS DALAM KERJA SAMA EKONOMI SUBREGIONAL
Inability and Obligation in Intellectual Evaluation
Authors: Buckwalter Wesley , Turri John
Published: August 2020

If moral responsibilities prescribe how agents ought to behave, are there also intellectual responsibilities prescribing what agents ought to believe? Many theorists have argued that there cannot be intellectual responsibilities because they would require the ability to control whether one believes, whereas it is impossible to control whether one believes. This argument appeals to an “ought implies can” principle for intellectual responsibilities. The present paper tests for the presence of intellectual responsibilities in social cognition. Four experiments show that intellectual responsibilities are attributed to believe things and that these responsibilities can exceed what agents are able to believe. Furthermore, the results show that agents are sometimes considered responsible for failing to form true beliefs on the basis of good evidence, and that this effect does not depend on the seriousness of the consequences for failing to form a belief. These findings clarify when and how responsibilities for belief are attributed, falsify a conceptual entailment between ability and responsibility in the intellectual domain, and emphasize the importance of objective truth in intellectual evaluations.
When words speak louder than actions: delusion, belief and the power of assertion
Authors: Rose David , Buckwalter Wesley , Turri John
Published: August 2020

People suffering from severe monothematic delusions, such as Capgras, Fregoli, or Cotard patients, regularly assert extraordinary and unlikely things. For example, some say that their loved ones have been replaced by impostors. A popular view in philosophy and cognitive science is that such monothematic delusions aren't beliefs because they don't guide behaviour and affect in the way that beliefs do. Or, if they are beliefs, they are somehow anomalous, atypical, or marginal beliefs. We present evidence from five studies that folk psychology unambiguously views monothematic delusions as stereotypical beliefs. This calls into question widespread assumptions in the professional literature about belief's stereotypical functional profile. We also show that folk psychology views delusional patients as holding contradictory beliefs. And we show that frequent assertion is a powerful cue to belief ascription, more powerful than even a robust and consistent track record of non-verbal behaviour.
Frontiers in Optics Washington Sept 2019-RF Paper FW6C.4
Authors: Moss David
Published: August 2020

We demonstrate high Q RF and Microwave filters based on a transversal filter with a 49GHz soliton crystal microcomb source.
A data-driven approach for characterizing community scale air pollution exposure disparities in inland Southern California
Authors: Do Khanh , Yu Haofei , Velasquez Jasmin , Grell-Brisk Marilyn , Smith Heather , Ivey Cesunica
Published: August 2020

This study elucidates PM2.5 exposure disparities in a socioeconomically diverse air basin that is heavily burdened by air pollution. A novel spatial clustering approach is applied to classify the microenvironments of more than 900,000 high temporal resolution personal exposure data points. Results from the study indicate that participants from the lowest socioeconomic status community experienced overall higher personal exposures over consecutive 24-hr monitoring periods, despite high participant mobility and low variability in ambient PM2.5 during the study. Our inclusive monitoring protocol minimizes participant fatigue and is well-suited for real-time, long-term characterization of PM2.5 exposure disparities in underserved communities.
THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY AS A LEARNING MEDIA IN THE NEW ERA NORMAL
Authors: Marlia
Published: August 2020

Education is one of the keys to educating the next generation of the nation, with various obstacles, education must continue and be implemented. With the situation and conditions during the current pandemic, policies related to education are very important because of the need for facilities and infrastructure to support learning so that it continues even though it is not as optimal as before the pandemic. Various kinds of policies related to education have been established by the government, one of which is online learning ( on line), so that learning continues even with limitations, online learning ( on line) be one of the right solutions in the learning process amidst the current pandemic with various strategies, media, methods and learning models that are able to support the implementation of learning. The role of technology is very important during a pandemic because learning activities are transferred to various kinds of technology platform distance learning.
A Complete Survey on Automatically Diagnosing COVID-19 In the field of Computer Vision and A Collection of Medical Images
Authors: Panday Aishwarza
Published: August 2020

As COVID-19 is the source of millions of deaths throughout the world, it turned obligatory to fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the need for expensive equipment, experienced radiologists, and the time-consuming in Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test, researchers find out the necessity to embrace X-ray images and Computed Tomography (CT) images based diagnosing. Wreak havoc of COVID-19 instigated me to review current emerging Artificial Intelligence(AI) based automatic diagnosing models through the statistical survey that will pave out the way of research. In this paper, I study different available research resources at the time span from April 2020 to July 2020. In order to help researchers in further research, I presented a statistical survey so that researchers can pick a preeminent diagnosing model. I took a look at 74 papers from April to July and specified preprocessing techniques, feature extraction, classification method, interpretability method, and experimental result. Moreover, I analyze training,testing and validation split ratio, as well as look into the dataset’s availability publicly. Some researchers are able to gain noticeable performance by adopting their own local model. On the contrary, some researchers adopt an existing pre-trained model and achieve the utmost result. Some models need to feed huge data and some models outperform despite having small data. In the following sections, all of the criteria will be illustrated briefly.
Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health in India
Authors: Kanojia Anjali
Published: August 2020

The emergence of novel CoronaVirus Disease (COVID-19) has crossed borders at a lightening speed, infecting people all over the world within China and all over the globe. This virus has impacted in a way that has imposed mandatory lockdowns in many countries including India. However, since the lockdown has been imposed, attention is being focussed on the economic repercussions, migrants and livelihoods. Mental health issues such as anxiety, worry, fear of infection, sleep disturbance and in some cases suicide are side lined. This paper reviews the current scenario of COVID-19 in India in the context of mental health and related issues. Alongside, looks at ways to build awareness among the public on mental health during COVID-19.
Practical Resources for Talking to Children with Autism about Systemic Racism
Authors: Melendez Julie , Tan Isabella Maria C. , Lau Jasmine C. , Leung Jay
Published: August 2020

As part of the child-rearing process, situations that invite difficult conversations will inevitably arise. Oftentimes, there are no guidelines or structure for how to discuss topics such as sex education, systemic racism, bullying, grieving, and gun violence. Accordingly, adults may feel at a loss for how to address difficult topics and may even avoid difficult conversations completely. When adults choose to have these conversations, they may imitate the conversations their caregivers had with them, and therefore further the cycle of systemic racism, often unknowingly and unintentionally. Racial injustice has been a core part of the American experience since the founding of the republic; hence, conversations about systemic racism are long overdue. The need has significantly increased, given the current socio-political climate. Social justice may be a sensitive topic for some, but it is a needed conversation for all, including children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Currently available curricula and teaching manuals in the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) literature include little or no resources for caregivers on how to address systemic racism with their children on the spectrum. Children with ASD should be educated about how they, and their families, can combat systemic racism in their everyday lives. The present paper addresses this gap in available treatment resources by offering practical suggestions and guidelines for how adults can address the topic of systemic racism with children on the autism spectrum to educate them and prepare them to contribute to a more equitable and just future.
Effects of the availability of visual cues during adaptation to noise - vocoded speech
Authors: Trotter Anthony , Banks Briony , adank patti
Published: August 2020

The ability to quickly adapt to distorted speech signals, such as noise-vocoding, is one of the mechanisms listeners employ to understand one another in challenging listening conditions. In addition, listeners have the ability to exploit information offered by visual aspects of speech, and being able to see the speaker’s face while perceiving distorted speech improves perception of and adaptation to these distorted speech signals. However, it is unclear how important viewing specific parts of the speaker’s face is to the successful use of visual speech information – particularly, does looking at the speaker’s mouth specifically improve recognition of noise-vocoded speech, or is it equally effective to view the speaker’s entire face? This study aimed to establish whether viewing specific parts of the speaker’s face (eyes or mouth), compared to viewing the whole face, affected perception of and adaptation to distorted sentences. In a secondary aim, we wanted to establish whether it was possible to replicate results on processing of noise-vocoded speech from lab-based experiments in an online setting. We monitored speech recognition accuracy online while participants were listening to noise-vocoded sentences in a between-subjects design with five groups. We first established if participants were able to reliably perceive and adapt to audiovisual noise-vocoded sentences when the speaker’s whole face was visible (AV Full). Four further groups were tested: a group in which participants could only view the moving lower part of the speaker’s face – i.e., the mouth (AV Mouth), only see the moving upper part of the face (AV Eyes), a group in which participants could not see the speaker’s moving lower or upper face (AV Blocked), and a group in which they were presented with an image of a still face (AV Still). Participants repeated around 40% of key words correctly for the noise-vocoded sentences and adapted over the course of the experiment but only when the moving mouth was visible (AV Full and AV mouth). In contrast, performance was at floor level and no adaptation took place in conditions when the moving mouth was not visible (AV Blocked, AV Eyes, and AV Still). Our results show the importance of being able to observe relevant visual speech information from the speaker’s mouth region, but not the eyes/upper face region when listening and adapting to speech under challenging conditions online. Second, our results also demonstrated that it is feasible to run speech perception and adaptation studies online, but that not all findings reported for lab studies necessarily replicate.
Interference in Tilt-Illusion stimuli: A simple illustration
Authors: Skottun Bernt
Published: August 2020

The relevance of relative phase for addition of amplitude spectra was demonstrated by comparing theeffect of three phase differences, 0, π/2 = 90 degrees, and π = 180 degrees, with two theoretical amplitudespectra displaced relative to each other as they would if they represented stimuli of different orientations.Differences in phase cause the amplitudes in the combined stimulus to be reduced relative to the sum ofamplitudes in the two spectra. Because the reductions are most pronounced where the spectra overlap, inthe case of partially overlapping spectra this may cause the two spectra to be effectively shifted away fromeach other. In the case where the spectra belong to stimuli of different orientations such shifts may cause theapparent angle between two stimuli to increase. This may be consistent with the Tilt Illusion. In which caseit may be possible to account for this illusion based on the stimuli without implicating the visual system.
Criterion-Based Metrics for Range Restriction Corrections
Authors: Fife Dustin , O'Kane Tom , LaMastro Valerie
Published: August 2020

For decades, it has been suggested organizations utilize mechanical decisions. Unfortunately, organizations continue to rely on holistic judgments. Perhaps part of the reasons organizations continue to rely on judgment when mak- ing decisions is because the reported statistics associated with mechanical judgments (e.g., R2) are not intuitive to stakeholders. For example, it is unclear in terms of turnover whether an R2 change from 0.23 under the old (holistic) system to an R2 of 0.27 under the (mechanical) system is enough of an improvement to justify the cost of changing selection methods. In this paper, we argue that researchers instead report changes in criteria of interest (e.g., absenteeism rate before versus after utilizing a mechanical selection sys- tem). This can be accomplished by utilizing a multiple imputation algorithm that simulates optimal selection decisions. Additionally, we provide both an R-package, as well as a point-and-click Shiny app that allows researchers to easily estimate intuitive statistics (e.g., improvement in turnover, proportion of applicants for which an optimal and holistic system agree).
An Analysis of Court Imposed Monetary Sanctions in Seattle Municipal Courts, 2000-2017.
Authors: Edwards Frank , Harris Alexes
Published: August 2020

In what follows we provide a detailed analysis of the scope of fines and fees sentenced and collected by Seattle Municipal Court through 2000-2017. In sum, we present the following key findings from our data analysis:1. There has been a remarkable decline in cases filed in Seattle Municipal Courts between 2000 – 2017, even as the population size of Seattle increased during this time period.2. People sentenced to criminal traffic cases tended to have their LFO accounts open (not fully paid) for longer periods of time relative to other types of traffic cases.3. For each class of case, Black men and women are significantly more likely than their peers to be sentenced to incarceration through a Washington superior court following a paid Seattle Municipal Court legal financial obligation sentence (SMC LFO).4. Black men and women are more likely to be incarcerated following an unpaid SMC LFO than are any other racial or ethnic group.5. People of color have a higher likelihood than White people to be charged with a DWLS3 following a Seattle Municipal Court legal financial obligation sentence. This is especially pronounced for Black Seattle drivers.
The Geography of Ethnoracial Birth Weight Inequalities in the United States
Authors: Douds Kiara Wyndham , Raker Ethan
Published: August 2020

Spatial factors feature prominently in theories of ethnoracial health disparities, yet we lack a foundational empirical understanding of the geography of health inequality. We provide this for infant health by conceptualizing ethnoracial disparities as spatial and relational phenomena and by estimating county-level low birth weight (LBW) rates and inequalities among eight ethnoracial groups: native-born Black, foreign-born Black, native-born Latinx, Mexican-born Latinx, native-born Asian, foreign-born Asian, Native American, and native-born white. Using geocoded data on every U.S. singleton birth from 2000-2010 (n=38 million) and robust descriptive empirical strategies, we document substantial county-level variation in LBW disparities. County-level LBW rates for native-born whites are only weakly related to LBW rates for groups of color. Further, county-level disparities between native-born whites and groups of color are explained more by variation in the LBW rate of groups of color than by variation in white LBW rates. Geographically, we document patchwork patterning alongside regional clustering.
Modulatory effect of Jatropha gossypifolia leaf on testicular lipidomics and plasma lipoproteins of rats exposed to cypermethrin
Authors: Opeyemi Faokunla , Joy Femi-Olabisi Fehintoluwa , Moses Olorunyolemi Imoleayo , Adehuga Omogbehin Samson , Oluyemi Agboola Anthonia , Sheriff Umar Itopa , Oluwagbemiga Adelegan Olabode
Published: August 2020

The use of pesticides such as cypermethrin (Cyp) has become hazardous resulting into public and environmental health issues in the world with several studies pointing to a decline in reproductive health coupled with increased risk of infertility. Thus, pesticide safety and effects on human exposure in relation to general and reproductive health are of paramount concern. This study was aimed at investigating the biochemical alterations in the lipidomics of plasma components and reproductive organ of male rats exposed to cypermethrin. The animals were grouped into eight comprising seven animals each and orally treated for 28 days: control, 20 mg/kg body weight of Cyp, Cyp+JG(50 mg/kg), Cyp+JG(100 mg/kg), Cyp+ALA(50 mg/kg), JG(50 mg/kg), JG(100 mg/kg) and ALA(50 mg/kg). Lipid profile analyses were carried out on the plasma, HDL, vLDL+LDL, and testis homogenate of the rats as described by the diagnostic kit manual. Results obtained from this study showed that cypermethrin administration significantly elevated triglyceride (105.22%) and not significant cholesterol level (15.28%) in the plasma; significantly increased testicular triglyceride (96.46%) and cholesterol (64.99%) concentrations; significantly decreased HDL triglyceride (46.57%) and cholesterol (38.37%); significantly increased the concentration of vLDL+LDL triglyceride (126.28 %) and cholesterol (76.09%) in comparison with the control. Co-administration with both doses of J. gossypifolia (JG) leaf extract and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) significantly reversed these alterations. Thus, the phytoconstituents of Jatropha gossypifolia plant extract possesses modulatory potentials that can mitigate the effect of cypermethrin on the reproductive organ and plasma lipidomics especially in the treatment of heart related disorders caused by hyperlipidemia.
Age of Unani drugs and the concept of shelf-life: A comparative assessment
Authors: Regu Iqra Akram , Wadud Abdul , Perveen Shaista , Irshad Shamim
Published: August 2020

It is a legal obligation for all conventional pharmaceutical products carrying the dates of manufacture and expiry on the label. The period between these two dates is called the ‘life period’ or ‘shelf-life’ of a product. It is the time over which the quality of a product remains within specifications by which the efficacy and safety of the product can be assured. Shelf-life is applicable on Unani drugs too, however, not the same as the conventional pharmaceuticals. As long before Unani physicians have proposed the concept of Aamare Advia (ages of drugs) mainly for single drugs. In true sense, the two concepts are the same but the way of estimation of ‘shelf-life’ is different. In conventional pharmaceutics, it is considered in terms of stability studies whereas in Unani medicine it has been prefixed. The present review will explain these concepts with a comparison.
A review on Novel Insights of Breast Cancer Vaccines
Authors: Grewal Jasleen Kaur , Patle Deepshikha
Published: August 2020

Cancer vaccines are on the verge of success. It is a unique approach wherein patient’s immune system is dynamized to mount an immune response against the tumor mass thus, an anti-tumor effect is exhibited. Due to the down-regulation of immune system caused by the check-points such as CTLA-4 and PDL-1, cancer cells escape the immune system and began its uncontrolled growth and ultimately turns into a tumor. Even though the other treatments are available for the breast cancer chemotherapy but still the mortality and relapse incidents are sky-high. So a more personalized pharmakon is developed so as to arouse an immune response against the tumor. The main aim for developing cancer vaccines is breast cancer is to exhilarate patient’s own immune system so as to kill cancer cells with minimal side-effects. Appended leverage of using immunotherapy includes meticulous specificity, low toxicity, and the potential for permanent treatment effect due to immunologic memory. Various types of vaccines have been developed using different mechanism such as DNA vaccine, dendritic cell vaccine, and tumor cell vaccine, hyper-acute vaccine but their agenda is common that is to prompt an immune response against tumor.
Antidiabetic property of Chrysophyllum albidumextract in Streptozotozin- induced diabetic rats
Authors: Akanji Olufunke Christy , Gabriel Benjamin Ogunma , Oshomoh Emmanuel Ola , Asuelimen Osagie Steve
Published: August 2020

This study is aimed at evaluating the anti-diabetes property of Chrysophyllum albidum on Streptozotozininduced Diabetic mellitus in rats. Diabetic mellitus induced intraperitoneally with streptozotocin (STZ) using standard dose of 40 mg/kg after fasted for 12 hours as protocol implies. Blood glucose levels were determined using Accu-check glucometer before and during treatment of 10 and 30 mg/kg C. albidum when compared with Metformin and diabetic control groups. Animals whose blood glucose level was above 200 mg/dL were considered diabetic. After 28 days of treatment, blood and tissue samples were isolated for fasting blood sugar, haematological, bioassay and histopathological study using standard procedures. Result revealed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the treated groups specifically at 30 mg/kg body C. albidum ethanol extract when compared with metformin and diabetic control group from weeks 0 to 5. The haematological result showed slight significant difference (p>0.05) now some parameters across treated groups excluding 10 mg/kg of C. albidum of MCH that showed a significant difference when compared with metformin and control group. Result showed a significant increase in the level of CAT, SOD, MDA and GST across the treated groups (10 and 30 mg/kg C. albidum) ethanol extract when compared with standard (10 mg/kg metformin) and diabetic control. The histopathological alteration observed in this study include; severe interlobular oedema and fatty droplets in the interlobular ducts and connective tissues. These alterations were prominent in the diabetic control group while 30 mg/kg of C. albidum showed prominent reduction in damage done by an anti-diabetonic agent (streptozotocin). This study showed that C. albidum is effective in the management of diabetes, which concord with its ethnomedicinal reports.
Antiinflammatory and antioxidant evaluation of Maytenus senegalensis hydroalcoholic roots extract fractions in allergic asthma
Authors: Kpoyizoun Pascaline Kindji , Metowogo Kossi , Kantati Yendoubé T , Missebukpo Afiwa , Dare Tchin , Lawson-Evi Povi , Eklu-Gadegbeku Kwashie , Aklikokou Kodjo A , Egu Elizabeth U
Published: August 2020

The present work aims to evaluate the antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities of the Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) roots hydroethanolic extract and to determine its active fraction. The total extract is fractioned in cold alcohol 75%. Phytochemical studies and in vitro antioxidant test are performed on the extract and obtained fractions. During 28 days, mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA to induce allergic airway inflammation. the anti-inflammatory effect of the plant extract and its fractions is assessed by differential white blood cell counts and histopathological examinations. Them antioxidant effect is evaluated in vivo by MDA and glutathione dosage. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical tests showed that the extract and its fractions contain phenolics compounds. In vitro, both extract and its fractions expressed antioxidant activities. Treatment with M. senegalensis extract and its fractions significantly decreased inflammatory cells number in BALF, reduced MDA concentration and enhanced glutathione level (p<0.05; p<0.01; p<0.001) in lung homogenate. Histological observations confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract and its fractions. Comparatively, the supernatant fraction showed the best effect. This study may land up in establishing the scientific evidences for the traditional claims anti-asthmatic and anti-inflammatory activity of Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.). It also suggests that the phytochemical groups involved in this activity would be more concentrated in the supernatant fraction.
Anti-ulcer activity of methanol extract of the leaves of Hannoa klaineana in rats
Authors: Abubakar Ibrahim , Muhammad Hassan Yankuzo , Shuaibu Yushau Baraya , Abubakar Muazu Gusau
Published: August 2020

Ulcer is a common gastrointestinal disease affecting 5% of the world’s population. Hannoa klaineana is used locally in the management of many gastrointestinal disorders and fevers. The study was conducted to evaluate toxicity profile and anti-ulcer effect of methanol extract of the leaves of Hannoa klaineana (Simaroubaceae). Acute toxicity test was conducted according to OECD guideline 423 using the limit test dose (5000 mg/kg) for 14 days. Sub-chronic toxicity study was carryout according to OECD guideline 407 by daily oral administration of the extract (500 and 1000 mg/kg) for 28 days. Anti-ulcer effect of the extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt) was evaluated using ethanol and indomethacin induced gastric ulcer models. In acute toxicity test, 5000 mg/kg dose of the extract does not caused mortality nor any sign of toxicity observed in the rats, thus, the LD50 value of the extract was above 5000 mg/kg. While sub-chronic toxicity test, the extract demonstrated significant (p<0.01) increase in body weight and weight of the liver, spleen and kidneys of the rats. The result also showed significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent decrease in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, uric acid and creatinine. Ethanol-induced ulcer model, the extract demonstrated significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent decrease in mean ulcer index, with percentage inhibition (62.84%) of gastric damage at 400 mg/kg. While indomethacin model, the extract exhibited significant (p<0.001) dosedependent decrease in mean ulcer index with percentage gastroprotection (99.20%) at 400 mg/kg. This study suggested that methanol extract of the leaves of Hannoa klaineana is safe for oral administration and exhibited strong anti-ulcer effect, thus validating the traditional use of the plant leaves in ulcer treatment.
Plant secondary metabolites as regenerative medicine
Authors: Umashankar Divya Dharshini
Published: August 2020

Plants secondary metabolites have shown a potential usage to treat infections, health disorders, and illness. During the years these had been slowly replaced by other synthetic drugs. Many of these higher plants and their products are major sources of useful in different industries such as pharmaceutical, agrochemical, flavor and other aroma industries. On a worldwide scale, medicinal plants which use secondary metabolites mainly uses as crude drugs and extracts to treat diseases. Several of the plant secondary metabolites have a potent usage from these isolated compounds as including alkaloids such as morphine (pain killer), codeine (antitussive), papaverine (phosphodiesterase inhibitor), ephedrine (stimulant), ajmaline (antiarrhythmic), quinine (antimalarial), reserpine (antihypertensive), galanthamine (acetylcholine esterase inhibitor), scopolamine (travel sickness), berberine (psoriasis), caffeine (stimulant), capsaicin (rheumatic pains), colchicine (gout), yohimbine (aphrodisiac), pilocarpine (glaucoma), and various types of cardiac glycosides [1]. Flavonoids such as anthocyanins (antidiabetic), Naringin (anti osteoporotic), Cocoa flavonols (coronary artery disease), cardamonin(anti-cancerous) helps in treating various diseases.
Antihelmintic medicinal plants used for animals in Ethiopia: A Review
Authors: Kumsa Bersissa , Hagos Yohans
Published: August 2020

Gastrointestinal helminthosis is major constraint to health and productivity of domestic animal and is responsible for substantial and insidious economic losses. A wide variety of anthelmintic are used for the treatment and control of helminthes in animals. However, along with other drawbacks of the use of anthelmintics,the development of resistance in helminthes of farm animals worldwide. Therefore, to alleviate the aforementioned problems associated with the use of anthelmintics, information on the potential contribution of anthelmintic medicinal plants is very important. In this review paper an attempt was made to give information on the traditional knowledge, practice and validation methods of activity of medicinal plants against helminthes of animal. In addition, the list of the community used and those with tested activity of anthelmintic medicinal plants in Ethiopia is presented.
Internet Usage May Improve Quality of Life (QoL) in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Shukla Ravindra , Shukla Ravindra , Mishra Divyangi
Published: August 2020

Objective: To delineate the effect of self-gained information through internet on glycemic control and
overall QoL in type 1 diabetes patient.
Methodology: 35 type 1 diabetes patients, who had reasonably good glycemic control were classified by
a single clinician into net- savvy and ordinary based on their behaviour towards use of internet to gather
information regarding health queries and their glycemic control and QoL analysed.WHO-5 questionnaire
which is used in clinical practise was applied.
Result: Of net savvy group (n=18), 14 (82%) had WHO-5 score greater than 13 while among ordinary
(n=17) only 7 had WHO5 of same range. Thus, those who surfed internet were in general likely to have
better QoL. Among net savvy group all had individual smart phones and used google as search engine.
Among ordinary, 40% (9/17) had smart phones. The mean HbA1c of net savvy group was 7.2 which was
lower than that of ordinary group mean HbA1c of 7.6. Those of net savvy group were more likely to
agree to increase in number of s.c. insulin injections (12/18) as compared to ordinary group (4/17). The
self-reported hypoglycemia episodes were also more in net savvy group (6/ person-week) as compared
to ordinary (2/ person- week).
Conclusion: Use of smart search engines like google (with strong in-built Artificial Intelligence (AI)
systems), even if unsupervised, should be encouraged as part of DSME in type 1 Diabetes patients for
optimizing glycemic control and detecting hypoglycemic episodes.
AS FAMÍLIAS ACOLHEDORAS PARA PESSOAS IDOSAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE IJUÍ - RS
Authors: Santos Claudio Everaldo dos , Billig Garces Solange Beatriz , Brutti Tiago Anderson
Published: August 2020

Apresentamos neste artigo os resultados da pesquisa de campo e bibliográfica “Família acolhedora para pessoas idosas no município de Ijuí/RS”. Buscamos, antes de tudo, analisar a viabilidade de reconhecer que famílias, de forma remunerada, acolham em suas residências pessoas idosas em situação de vínculos familiares rompidos. À vista disso, foram entrevistados assistentes sociais e psicólogos dos CRAS e CREAS do município de Ijuí, os quais discorreram sobre a viabilidade dessa ideia, bem como a respeito de aspectos legais e éticos desse instituto. A análise bibliográfica evidenciou o envelhecimento populacional e a necessidade de se enfrentar a situação. As reflexões sobre a conjuntura socioassistencial de Ijuí e as formas de enfrentamento às demandas evidenciaram a necessidade de se criar alternativas frente ao envelhecimento populacional. Concluímos que, diante do rompimento de vínculos familiares, um projeto de família acolhedora para idosos poderia se constituir em alternativa ao acolhimento institucional, preservando vínculos relacionais e afetivos junto à comunidade.
A PRESERVAÇÃO DO PATRIMÔNIO ARQUITETÔNICO E SUAS RELAÇÕES COM O PLANEJAMENTO E DESENVOLVIMENTO URBANO
Authors: Oliveira Tarcisio Dorn de , Mussi Andréa Quadrado , Engerroff Franciele Zientarski
Published: August 2020

O patrimônio arquitetônico são bens que servem de referência para os habitantes de determinado local e exercem grande importância na vida cotidiana da sociedade. Muitas vezes, por mais que possam estar escondidos ou que passem despercebidos pela maioria das pessoas, estão associados a memória coletiva o individual podendo serem protegidos por leis e/ou pela própria conscientização da população sobre sua importância e significação. O presente trabalho intenta abordar, mediante pesquisa bibliográfica, a importância da salvaguarda das edificações patrimoniais para as cidades e como esta preservação relaciona-se com as questões do planejamento urbano e do desenvolvimento social local e regional. A memória urbana constitui-se pela paisagem da cidade, através da presença de edificações de todas as idades e estilos – quanto mais velho um prédio, mais história carrega em sua fachada e mais sua arquitetura dialoga com o tempo que já passou, ou seja, mais historias ele tem e pode contar. O patrimônio arquitetônico merece salvaguarda pois faz parte da memória coletiva urbana da cidade, haja visto, que o espaço urbano é um ambiente socialmente produzido e faz associações diretas sobre a trajetória das transformações do lugar – de onde e para onde a cidade expandiu-se e o porquê das ações realizadas no cenário da cidade.
Introducing “Rebirth” – a Model for Organisational Change and Development
Authors: Costa King , Del M.N. Sekgaphane
Published: August 2020

In divergent ecosystems around the world, there is a desire for visible, integral ecological transformation. A lack of ecological transformation is found within various domains beginning with the self, team, organisation and society, and is partly influenced by the loss of identity both within and without the larger ecology. Notably, the issue of identity and transformation remains a burning platform within the African context, for which the researcher proposes a solution grounded in the Southern relational path of community and reason (Schieffer & Lessem, 2014). In the context of this study, the researcher was invited to lead and transform a wealth banking business unit that had become a liability to the larger banking brand, reflecting the lowest engagement scores at the time.The research design applied was Integral Research Approach (IRA). IRA enables one to ground through an experience which engages auto-ethnography. Kothari (2009) stated that “Research methods refer to the behavior and instruments used in selecting and constructing research technique.” In simple terms, this means that research methods refer to the methods the researchers use in research operations.” The applicable ontology was phenomenology, adopting Southern, communal frames from which to drive inclusive transformation, and the epistemology was feminism, encompassing integral research and participatory action research (PAR) as part of the Southern path. Data was gathered by qualitative means such as participative observations, community engagements, discussions and interviews. The researcher analyzed the gathered data by measuring its quality in terms of valuable and truthful results of REBIRTH data analysis. REBIRTH is an innovative organisational change and development process located in the South, and has potential to be adapted and applied within divergent organisations and systems as the rebirth transformation journey.Conclusion of the research culminated in the creation of a REBIRTH Model for Organisational Change and Development, hereinafter referred to as REBIRTH. The purpose of this model’s design is to cause inclusive transformation though enabling an organisation to re-engage the issue of identity as catalyst for inclusivity. It is a creative experience which starts in the Southern relational path, and unfolds into the four voices of global exploration, towards inclusive transformation and authentic identity. REBIRTH reconnects self, other, community and organisation to identity in Botho-Ubuntu, captured in the banking case study vision as: “I Care (Heart), I Can (Head), I Commit. Botho-Ubuntu is an African philosophy which draws us back to the value of our humanness and offers an authentic lens through which to view transformational practice.
IoT-Based System Monitoring of the Sleep Environment - A Study Aimed at the Elderly
Authors: Leandro Y. Mano  , Igor G. Oliveira  , Luana O. Sawada  , Bruno S. Faiçal  , Jó Ueyama
Published: August 2020

The aging process in our population can cause changes in people’s sleeping patterns, more specifically in the elderly, by impairing their cognitive abilities, quality of life, and autonomy. Advances in Ubiquitous Computing and Internet of Things have contributed to the monitoring of such situations. In particular, the use of sensors to evaluate the environment and aspects related to the health and well-being of individuals, as well as providing event alerts. The main objective of this experiment is to propose a monitoring system based on both the responses of multiple sensors (brightness, microphone, accelerometer, and gyroscope) at runtime to classify the environment for elderly people’s sleep quality. The results show that using embedded devices, and capturing environmental aspects through sensors, can develop solutions that offer more safety and comfort to the individuals’ sleep quality environment.
Estudio bibliográfico: La prensa obrera en España
Authors: Arbeloa Víctor Manuel
Published: August 2020

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Instrumentación legal del liderazgo carismático de Franco
Authors: Prieto Fernando
Published: August 2020

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Hacia una reforma del régimen local
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: August 2020

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Economía 1971-1972: fuerza laboral latente y crisis de confianza
Authors: Gorosquieta Javier
Published: August 2020

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El despido improcedente en España
Authors: Larraz Fernando
Published: August 2020

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Pueblo de Dios 1971-72
Authors: Lorente Santiago
Published: August 2020

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Un caso de abuso de poder en un contrato de obra
Authors: Acebedo F.
Published: August 2020

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قصة القرأن بين التاريخ والأسطورة
Authors: SUSANTO NUR AKHDA SABILA
Published: August 2020

The debate about the authenticity of the stories in the Qur'an until this century is still the topic of a lively discussion. Especially Orientalists who study Islam with the aim of overthrowing it will make this topic the main debate in their efforts. Departing from many debates and profound assumptions within and outside the Muslim community about the stories in the Qur'an, this paper aims to discuss the stories in the Qur'an whether it is a historical fact or a myth. The method used in the discussion of this paper uses descriptive method to be able to define and discuss narratives that discuss the stories in the Qur'an based on the foundation of the science of interpretation so that results are in accordance with the truth in the Qur'an itself. And it can be concluded that historical stories or scientific stories that occur in the Qur'an that occur or which do not occur are a sign, or a symbol of the verse to be considered by all Muslims, because there is wisdom as guidance and guidance for the lives of Muslims.
INTERELASI ALQURAN DAN KONSEP SOSIAL: KONSEPTUAL GOOD AND CLEAN GOVERNMENT SAID HAWWA DALAM AL-ASAS FI AT-TAFSIR
Authors: Theojaka Theo
Published: August 2020

This research takes focus on how to conceptualize good and clean governance based on the universality of values ​​in the Qur'an, such as discussion, justice and equality which ultimately aims to lead to the concept of the baldatun state ṭayyibatun wa rabbun ghafūr as an ideal concept responding to the changing era. The description in this study takes a new form, namely thematic analysis with mufassir's view, Sa'id Hawwa in his interpretation in Al-Asas fi at-Tafsir. Data analysis is presented in the form of arguments or truth that can be justified scientifically and rationally related to siyasi verses. At the end of this study, the researcher analyzes that the basic framework is to build good and clean governance, which can accommodate corruption, collusion and nepotism by building internal relations between all social strata including people as holders of power, judges as enforcers of justice and leaders who carry out mandate of the people. The three stakeholders must be able to work together to present a sense of justice for all parties, be able to act according to the applicable law and realize that mutual benefit is a top priority. In its implementation, the Good and Clean Government must always place deliberations as the fundamental principles and philosophies of the country. In this case listed in the fourth precepts of Pancasila adopted by the Indonesian people.
KISAH NABI NUH DALAM AL-QUR’AN (Pendekatan Intertekstual Julia Kristeva)
Authors: Khikmatiar Azkiya
Published: August 2020

This article discusses the story of Noah in the Qur'an. As a story contained in the Qur'an and the Bible, the story of Noah is very important to find the the differences between them. Therefore, the used approach  is intertextuality initiated by Julia Kristeva who tried to compare two narrations. By using this approach , we found many differences. In the structure of narration, al-Qur’an does many simplifications, so that the haplological principle becomes dominant in each fragment. However, in other fragments other principles are also found such as existence, modification, and conversion. The most basic difference between them is in theme of the story. The story of Noah in the Qur'an has monotheism or tauhid theme, while in the Bible the theme is human crime.
IKHTILAF AL-MUFASSIRIN: MEMAHAMI SEBAB-SEBAB PERBEDAAN ULAMA DALAM PENAFSIRAN ALQURAN
Authors: Abidin Ahmad Zainal
Published: August 2020

All Muslims agree that the Qur’an is the first and main source of Islamic law. Nevertheless, this scripture does not guarantee the same result of interpretation, given that the background of life surrounding of the interpreter is different. This paper will review the forms of ikhtilaf al-mufassirin and the causes that bring it up. In examining the causes of ikhtilaf al-mufassirin, there are at least two causes; (1) a common cause, such as the occurrence of ikhtilaf in the case of qira’at, i’rab, musytarak, hakakat-majaz, ‘am-khas, mutlaq-muqayyad, mujmal-mubayyan, amr-nahi, nasikh-mansukh, and ikhtilaf in positioning reason as the source of shari’a law; (2) special causes, such as ikhtilaf in criticism of sanad and matan, ikhtilaf in taking a source of law, and ikhtilaf in the case of aqidah and madhhab. While the forms of ikhtilaf al-mufassirin there are also two forms; (1) ikhtilaf tanawwu’, ie dissent of opinion which is all aimed at the same intention; (2) ikhtilaf taddad, that is, differences of opinion which is conflicting and can not be united.
MEMBINA UKHUWAH ISLAMIYAH BERDASARKAN PETUNJUK ALQURAN
Authors: Marhaban Marhaban
Published: August 2020

Muslim communities know the term ukhuwah Islamiyah. This term need to interpreted, so that our language does not experience confusion. For this reason, a linguistic review needed first to establish the position of the word Islamiyah in the above terms. During this time there was an impression the term mean "brotherhood woven among fellow Muslims" or in other words "brotherhood between Muslims", so that the word Islamiyah was used as the perpetrator of ukhuwah. Ukhuwah which is clearly stated by the al-Quran a Muslim brother, and the brotherhood that is interwoven is not due to religion. This is clearly reflected in the fabric of brotherhood not because of religion.