bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN DAUR ULANG SAMPAH PLASTIK MENJADI KERAJINAN UNIK DI DESA PEMATANG TIGA KECAMATAN PEMATANG TIGA KABUPATEN BENGKULU TENGAH
Authors: Sari Dian Mardiati , Sari Meirita , Supardi Reno
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAKPermasalahan sampah menjadi problema klasik yang selalu dihadapi oleh penduduk terutama di wilayah Desa Pemtang Tiga Bengkulu Tengah.  Karena kuantitas maupun tingkat bahayanya, sampah terutama sampah plastik yang tersusun dari bahan kimia sukar diuraikan sehingga berbahaya bagi lingkungan, untuk itu perlu dilakukan pengolahan sampah untuk mengubah sampah plastik menjadi kerajinan yang memiliki nilai jual dan estetika. Metode yang digunakan dalam program pemanfaatan limbah plastik sebagai kerajian adalah survey analisis situasi dan pelaksanaan penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Implemetasi hasil proses pengolahan sampah yang berasal dari kemasan plastik menjadi kerajinan tangan di Desa Pematang Tiga Bengkulu Tengah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kreatifitas serta keterampilan warga terutama ibu-ibu rumah tangga, pemuda pengangguran dan anak-anak yang putus sekolah. Selain itu juga dapat meminimalisir pencemaran lingkungan sehingga warga Desa Pematang Bengkulu Tengah  dapat lebih peduli terhadap kebersihan lingkungan. Melalui pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan kreasi pemanfaatan sampah yang berasal dari kemasan plastik warga lebih punya pengetahuan mengenai peluang usaha yang dapat tercipta melalui kreatifitas dan keterampilan tersebut agar tingkat ekonomi warga Desa Pematang Bengkulu Tengah menjadi lebih tinggi. Kata Kunci: Sampah plastik, estetika, kreatifitas
VISUAL WOMEN COMMUNICATION CAREER IN PHOTO FASHION
Authors: Darwan Arzi , Yanto Yanto , Risdiyanto Bayu
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the how  visual communication of career women in fashion photos on Instagram. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using data collection and analysis techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Presentation of data involves various steps to organize and process data a career woman (subject) in a fashion photo on instagram social media, so as all the data is analyzed thoroughly involved in a single unit. The existence of shared photos by the women's career in media instagram is a real form of visual communication from them and have specific purposes. Research results show that from several photos of women fashion career researchers set as the data to be analyzed by Researchers there are different meanings in each of the photo, but Researchers assume that this is a career woman Local Brand who is able to show themessages separate from each photo fashion up to date in their instagram social media.
Benchmarking Dust Emission Models in M101
Authors: Chastenet Jérémy , Sandstrom Karin , Chiang 江宜 I-Da 達 , Hensley Brandon S. , Draine Bruce T. , Gordon Karl D. , Koch Eric W. , Leroy Adam K. , Utomo Dyas , Williams Thomas G.
Published: May 2021

We present a comparative study of four physical dust models and two single-temperature modified blackbody models by fitting them to the resolved WISE, Spitzer, and Herschel photometry of M101 (NGC 5457). Using identical data and a grid-based fitting technique, we compare the resulting dust and radiation field properties derived from the models. We find that the dust mass yielded by the different models can vary by up to a factor of 3 (factor of 1.4 between physical models only), although the fits have similar quality. Despite differences in their definition of the carriers of the mid-IR aromatic features, all physical models show the same spatial variations for the abundance of that grain population. Using the well-determined metallicity gradient in M101 and resolved gas maps, we calculate an approximate upper limit on the dust mass as a function of radius. All physical dust models are found to exceed this maximum estimate over some range of galactocentric radii. We show that renormalizing the models to match the same Milky Way high-latitude cirrus spectrum and abundance constraints can reduce the dust mass differences between models and bring the total dust mass below the maximum estimate at all radii.
Correlation of the Sunspot Number and the Waiting-time Distribution of Solar Flares, Coronal Mass Ejections, and Solar Wind Switchback Events Observed with the Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Aschwanden Markus J. , Dudok de Wit Thierry
Published: May 2021

Waiting-time distributions of solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) exhibit power-law-like distribution functions with slopes in the range of α

τ
≈ 1.4–3.2, as observed in annual data sets during four solar cycles (1974–2012). We find a close correlation between the waiting-time power-law slope α

τ
and the sunspot number (SN), i.e., α

τ
= 1.38 + 0.01 × SN. The waiting-time distribution can be fitted with a Pareto-type function of the form N(τ) = N
0

, where the offset τ
0 depends on the instrumental sensitivity, the detection threshold of events, and pulse pileup effects. The time-dependent power-law slope α

τ
(t) of waiting-time distributions depends only on the global solar magnetic flux (quantified by the sunspot number) or flaring rate, which is not predicted by self-organized criticality or magnetohydrodynamic turbulence models. Power-law slopes of α

τ
≈ 1.2–1.6 were also found in solar wind switchback events, as observed with the Parker Solar Probe during the solar minimum, while steeper slopes are predicted during the solar maximum. We find that the annual variability of switchback events in the heliospheric solar wind and solar flare and CME rates (originating in the photosphere and lower corona) are highly correlated.
Velocity-resolved Reverberation Mapping of Changing-look AGN NGC 2617
Authors: Feng Hai-Cheng , Liu H. T. , Bai J. M. , Yang Zi-Xu , Hu Chen , Li Sha-Sha , Yang Sen , Lu Kai-Xing , Xiao Ming
Published: May 2021

NGC 2617 attracted a lot of attention after the detection of changes in its spectral type; the geometry and kinematics of the broad-line region (BLR) are still ambiguous. In this paper, we present the high cadence (∼2 days) reverberation mapping campaign of NGC 2617 from 2019 October to 2020 May undertaken at the Lijiang 2.4 m telescope. For the first time, the velocity-resolved reverberation signature of the object was successfully detected. Both Hα and Hβ show an asymmetrical profile with a peak in the velocity-resolved time lags. For both of the lines, the lag of the line core is longer than those of the relevant wings, and the peak of the velocity-resolved lags is slightly blueshifted. These characteristics are not consistent with the theoretical prediction of the inflow, outflow or Keplerian disk model. Our observations give the time lags of Hα, Hβ, Hγ, and He i, with a ratio of τ
Hα
: τ
Hβ
: τ
Hγ
: τ
He I = 1.27:1.00:0.89:0.20, which indicates a stratified structure in the BLR of the object. It is the first time that the lags of Hα and He i are obtained. Assuming a virial factor of f = 5.5 for the dispersion width of the line, the masses of the black holes derived from Hα and Hβ are

and

, respectively. Our observed results indicate the complexity of the BLR of NGC 2617.
The Outcomes of Transcatheter Closure in Patients with Patent Ductus Arteriosus at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Indonesia
Authors: Amelia Putri , Adriansyah Rizky , Lubis Bastian , Akil Muhammad
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is one of the most common acyanotic congenital heart diseases. The incidence of PDA is approximately 1 in 500 full-term neonates. The current management of PDA includes pharmacological and surgical treatments. Transcatheter closure is a preferable PDA treatment than pharmacological intervention, for medications have a higher failure rate in premature infants. Several studies have reported the efficacy and safety of transcatheter closure in smaller and lower-weight infants.
AIM: This study aims to describe the outcomes of transcatheter closure of PDA, which are complete closure, migrating device, and residuals, while also investigating factors that might affect these outcomes.
METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2018 in the pediatric cardiology outpatient clinic of Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. All PDA patients who underwent transcatheter closure were included in this study. We collected patients’ demographic data (age and sex), PDA size (categorize into large, moderate, and small), and PDA closure outcomes from medical records. The collected data were then analyzed with SPSS.
RESULTS: One hundred and two children were included in this study, comprised 34 (33.3%) males and 68 (66.7%) females, with a mean age of 4.3 (±4.02) years old and the mean size of the defects 4.4 (±2.25) mm. Transcatheter closure with Lifetech® PDA Occluder was performed in 95 (93.1%) and MFO® in 7 (6.9%) patients. Small residuals were found in three patients, device migration was found in one patient. No relationship was found between the size of PDA and the outcomes measured.
CONCLUSION: We concluded that transcatheter closure remains an effective treatment for PDA, with a considerable success rate.
Family Support in Caring for Diabetes Mellitus Patient: Patient’s Perspective
Authors: Wulandari Indah , Kusnanto Kusnanto , Wibisono Sony , Haryani Ani
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Perspectives of diabetes mellitus patients on family support received during the treatment of their disease at home has high complexity. The family’s intention to help patients to take care of themselves at home can lead to misperceptions or is not well accepted by diabetes mellitus patients. AIM: The aim of the study was to explore the support provided by families in the care of diabetes mellitus patients at home based on the patient’s perspective. METHODS: A phenomenological study using semi-structured questions was chosen as a design in this study. A total of 19 participants were recruited using criteria including being diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for at least 1 year, outpatient, and willing to participate in the study. Data analysis used seven steps of descriptive phenomenological analysis from Colaizzi including data recognition, identification of significant statements, formulating meanings, grouping themes, developing complete descriptions, producing fundamental structures, and seeking verification of fundamental structures. RESULTS: This research shows that the support needed by participants comes from the nuclear family. The first theme identified is the family function as participants’ perceived support. The second theme identified is the family role as participants’ perceived support. The fourth third theme identified is perceptions of family support received. Moreover, the final theme found in this study is perception of spiritual support by the family. CONCLUSION: This research implies that diabetes mellitus patients need support from their families to accept the disease and eventually volunteer to carry out their disease care at home.
The Correlation of Limestone Dust Exposure to Lung Function Impairment in Limestone Mining’s Workers, Centre Java, Indonesia
Authors: Utomo Suyud Warno , Ni’mah Zulfahtun , Asyary Al
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Limestone dust is produced by limestone mining activities, one of them is PM2.5. Exposure of PM2.5 can cause lung function impairment.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation exposure of PM2.5 with lung function impairment in workers.
METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional study with total sampling technique of 30 workers. The instruments in this study used questionnaires for interviews, Dusttrak II TSI to measure PM2.5 concentration and spirometry to measure lung function.
RESULTS: Based on the results of the study, the highest PM2.5 concentration values were 987 μg/m3 and the lowest were 14 μg/m3. The results of the analysis using Chi-square obtained a correlation between the use of personal protective equipment with lung function impairment (p = 0.000). Furthermore, the results using the Fisher’s exact test, there was a correlation between PM2.5 concentration and pulmonary function impairment (p = 0.002) and years of work with pulmonary function impairment (p = 0.000).
CONCLUSION: Further research is needed using environmental health risk analysis to estimates based on intake.
Quantification of Alcohol Dehydrogenase Concentration for Traumatic Brain Injury in Alcohol-intoxicated Patients as a Predictor of Severity and Prognosis
Authors: Arifin Muhammad Z. , Atmaja David , Faried Ahmad
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) stills the leading cause of public health problem and disabilities in many countries, especially in lower-middle-income countries. Motor vehicle crashes, especially motorized two-wheeler riders, are the major cause of TBI, followed by fall and assault. During 2013–2014, a total of 2108 TBI cases (65.4% of them being caused by motor vehicle crashes) were documented in the Emergency Unit of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital (RSHS) Bandung. Among these, 30.7% of cases were categorized as moderate and severe TBI, with a mortality rate of 29.2%. Half of the cases arrived at RSHS within 6 h and 14.0% of these cases were alcohol-intoxicated. Individuals with low activity of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes have low tolerance to alcohol and are therefore rapidly intoxicated, making them more susceptible to more serious injuries from motor vehicle crashes.
METHODS: A prospective study was designed by consecutive sampling from January to August 2017 to review 30 intoxicated patients with TBI on hospital admission by measuring their serum alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) concentration using an ELISA and then correlated it with the severity, type of TBI lesions, and the outcome.
RESULTS: Demonstrated an ADH level of l d0.24 ng/ml in patients with TBI with a history of alcohol intoxication, which statistically correlated with lower initial Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores on admission by approximately 6.53 times (p < 0.001), thus increasing the risk of developing multiple lesions by 3.98 times (p = 0.029) and worse outcomes by 5.27 times (p = 0.003), but it did not correlate with length of stay (p = 0.392).
CONCLUSIONS: ADH concentrations in intoxicated TBI patients can be taken into consideration to decide about the therapeutic action and further informed consent to the family.
Corrigendum: Chinese species of Carinostigmus Tsuneki (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae), including three new species and a new record to China. ZooKeys 987: 115–134. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.987.55317
Authors: Bashir Nawaz Haider , Ma Li , Li Qiang
Published: May 2021

N/A
Le remède hippocratique contre l’âgisme
Authors: Darveau-St-Pierre Vincent
Published: May 2021

En décrivant la vieillesse comme l’une des modalités d’équilibre possibles des qualités premières qui assurent une santé à l’individu, les auteurs du Corpus hippocratique évitent d’associer systématiquement le vieillissement et la dégénérescence. Cet aspect singulier du corpus comporte pour nous un intérêt éthique : il prémunit contre l’âgisme médical. Cet article aborde la question des différences physiologiques qui caractérisent chacun des âges de la vie en insistant sur le fait que cette conception favorise un traitement égalitaire des patients relativement à l’âge.
« Elle te plaît pas ma sœur ? »
Authors: Robert Pascal
Published: May 2021

La bande dessinée franco-belge relève d’un système de contraintes éditoriales, lié à la prépublication en revue, puis en albums standardisés qui entraîne la nécessité de la concision. Lorsque le scénariste est de l’envergure de R. Goscinny la contrainte est transcendée et permet l’expression d’une forme d’intelligence extrêmement ramassée. Cet article voudrait montrer, sur l’exemple de deux planches d’ Astérix en Corse , que son dépliement/déploiement exige de recourir à deux puissantes théories de sciences sociales, celle de Palo Alto et celle de la sémiotique narrative et discursive, pour en évaluer toute la richesse. Ce qui permet de qualifier, en effet, cette intelligence de la bande dessinée comme intelligence d’une rare capacité de synthèse.
Le livre ? Plus que jamais, le livre !
Authors: Bessard-Banquy Olivier , Deseilligny Oriane
Published: May 2021

Le livre est en pleine révolution mais non pour les raisons que l’on croit souvent. Ce n’est pas tellement le support numérique en soi qui bouleverse les pratiques, car en l’état il est peu susceptible de porter le livre ou le texte au cœur des foyers. Le livre électronique – étrange appellation – n’a que très peu séduit et même aux États-Unis il semble avoir atteint ses limites. Ce sont les pratiques culturelles qui changent, le remplacement des anciennes générations formées par les livres auxquelles se substituent de nouveaux lecteurs plus attirés par les lectures sérielles portées par les réseaux. Tout cela change la face de l’édition et de la librairie. Qu’en est-il des nouveaux modes de lecture ? De prescription des volumes ? Le livre n’est-il plus qu’un médium parmi d’autres, toujours populaire mais en complément ou en lien avec les séries, les réseaux ? N’est-il plus qu’un moyen de créer du lien ? Et de nourrir des pages web où se met en scène la vie de l’ homo numericus ? Quid de l’écosystème du livre ? N’assistons-nous pas à la fin de la distinction entre auteurs, éditeurs, lecteurs, les mêmes étant un peu tout à la fois, lecteurs d’abord, influenceurs ensuite sur les réseaux, ou critiques sur le web, revendeurs de livres sur des plateformes  ad hoc , prescripteurs sollicités par les maisons, et finalement auteurs ou professionnels du livre ?
Tasses de café et fleurs séchées. Plongée dans l’univers Bookstagram
Authors: Rogues Christelle
Published: May 2021

Le réseau Instagram est devenu en peu de temps le réseau central de mise en scène du livre dans un monde démocratique où les lecteurs organisent en vitrines le fil de leurs lectures et mettent en scène leurs goûts, dans la quête souvent criante du buzz ou du like. Qui sont ceux qui sont devenus les influenceurs ? Dans quelle mesure les professionnels du livre peuvent-ils les récupérer voire les manipuler ? Ces comptes peuvent-ils être trafiqués ? Le nombre d’abonnés truqué ? Ces bricoleurs de la mise en scène numérique sont-ils de purs amateurs désintéressés ou des aspirants professionnels désireux de monnayer la visibilité de leurs pages ou de leurs posts ? Et quel impact ont-ils sur la réalité des ventes ? Que penser des prix de blogueurs ou des défis de lectures qui sont lancés par ces réseaux ?
Pourquoi faire livre à l’ancienne ? Des nouvelles formes d’auto-édition sur le web
Authors: Parmentier Stéphanie
Published: May 2021

Depuis des siècles, la fabrication d’un livre a toujours exigé le savoir-faire d’un éditeur. Tout écrivain souhaitant être publié et atteindre les étals des librairies devait de facto suivre le chemin éditorial qu’ont tracé les grandes maisons de l’édition depuis plus d’un siècle. Toutefois, avec l’arrivée dans les années 1990 du web, de nouveaux circuits éditoriaux, comme la plateforme d’auto-édition de type Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP) d’Amazon, vont voir le jour, donnant la possibilité aux auteurs de faire livre par eux-mêmes. N’importe quel auteur peut aujourd’hui se publier très rapidement sans passer par le chemin balisé d’un professionnel de l’imprimé. À quoi bon attendre des semaines ou des mois l’éventuelle réponse d’un éditeur, jusqu’ici incontournable, pour éditer son manuscrit quand on peut le créer et le publier en quelques instants, en toute autonomie, sur internet ?
Recyclage, transmission, don et contre-don. Le livre et ses nouvelles vies d’occasion
Authors: Bessard-Banquy Olivier
Published: May 2021

Le livre, pour certains, est toujours l’objet d’un culte et, si l’on peut dire, d’une mise en bibliothèque privée. Mais de plus en plus s’organise une autre vie du livre, mouvante, itinérante. Objet désormais de peu d’importance, souple, maniable, peu cher, il se prête, s’échange, se donne aisément, comme tout se partage sur les réseaux. Les boîtes à livres ont fleuri partout et une entreprise comme Recyclivre a fondé son développement sur la capacité des gens à donner leurs livres pour soutenir de bonnes œuvres. Cette nouvelle vie du livre est-elle le témoin d’un grand désir de vivre dans l’échange, la générosité, la transmission ? Le livre a-t‑il perdu de son prix, de son importance patrimoniale ? Le discours écologiste pousse-t‑il lui aussi à préférer le tri et le recyclage à la consommation de livres neufs ? Qui sont les passeurs du livre qui profitent de ce gigantesque marché d’échange ? L’occasion n’est-elle pas en train de grossir au détriment du neuf ? Et derrière cette nouvelle vie du livre en mouvement ne se cache-t‑il pas un léger refus du grand gâchis d’une édition productiviste qui assomme par des milliers de titres parfois sans grand intérêt ?
Un siècle de pandémies grippales (1889-1970)
Authors: Zylberman Patrick
Published: May 2021

Depuis August Hirsch (1881), on appelle pandémie grippale une épidémie de grande ampleur se propageant de manière exponentielle, avec des taux d’attaque élevés et une marche épousant les voies de communication terrestres et maritimes (puis aériennes). La pandémie de 1889-1890 – dite grippe « russe » – est la première dont on peut démontrer la dissémination sur l’ensemble du globe. L’un de ses caractères les plus marqués tient aux récurrences de l’infection, lesquelles, jusqu’en 1895, occasionnent une mortalité supérieure à celle causée par la pandémie initiale. La grippe « espagnole » a ravagé la planète entre avril 1918 et avril 1919. Un taux de mortalité dix fois supérieur à celui de la grippe « russe », une proportion importante de complications, une incidence très haute chez les 5-15 ans, les plus de 75 ans déclarant au contraire un taux de létalité inférieur à celui de la période pré-pandémique, près de la moitié des décès chez les 15-40 ans, trois vagues successives à bref intervalle (huit à neuf mois), la deuxième ayant causé des épidémies simultanément dans les deux hémisphères. Les moyens médicaux étant réquisitionnés par l’armée, la population civile a bien souvent manqué de tout : lits, médecins, infirmières, ambulances. Alors que 1918 fait exception dans la série, les deux épisodes de 1957 et 1968 rendent une image assez fidèle de la douzaine de pandémies répertoriées depuis le début du xviii e  siècle. Ils se rangent à l’appui de la théorie qui tient la gravité des pandémies dans l’histoire pour inchangée ou déclinante (le cas de 1918-1919 réservé), stabilité ou déclin liés en partie aux progrès social et médical mais aussi au « choix » du virus qui semble privilégier sa transmission aux dépens de sa pathogénicité. En face, des États mal préparés. Ainsi, en France comme aux États-Unis, on vaccine trop peu, trop tard.
La pratique militante des avortements illégaux en France
Authors: Melchior Hugo
Published: May 2021

À partir de l’été 1972, dans le cadre des luttes féministes pour libérer l’avortement, des militant(e)s grenoblois(e)s décidèrent de rompre à la stratégie exclusivement légaliste et institutionnelle prônée par certaines figures médiatiques et charismatique, comme l’avocate Gisèle Halimi, cofondatrice de l’association « Choisir ». Ils voulurent venir pratiquement et immédiatement en aide aux femmes en détresse, toujours possiblement exposées à la répression pénale et à l’opprobre social. La connaissance de l’existence de la méthode d’avortement par aspiration, dite méthode Karman, puis son appropriation rendirent possible à l’échelle de la ville de Grenoble « cette pratique militante » et politique des avortements provoqués en France. Nous avons voulu nous intéresser à l’histoire de cet agir collectif et transgressif en faveur de l’avortement libre, gratuit, et sécurisé à travers la trajectoire biographique d’Olivier Bernard, étudiant en médecine à Grenoble et militant proféministe au sein de « Choisir », qui importa cette « arme révolutionnaire » en France, tout en participant activement avec d’autres jeunes militant(e)s à son utilisation encadrée, afin que les femmes désireuses d’avorter n’aient plus à risquer leur vie.
Concertation, négociation, médiation : des atouts pour la démocratie en santé
Authors: Couty Édouard
Published: May 2021

Cet article est un témoignage personnel qui n’a d’autre ambition que de rapporter le plus fidèlement possible quelques expériences de concertations, négociations ou médiations vécues entre 1989 et 2019 sur des thématiques diverses de santé : organisation des soins, diverses professions de santé, médicaments et produits de santé, réforme hospitalière, droits des malades… Sur la base de ces expériences, l’auteur ambitionne de montrer comment les différents processus de concertation, de négociation ou de médiation ont pu faire progresser la démocratie en santé et de commenter les espérances que ces processus portent aujourd’hui quant à la méthode de conception et de mise en œuvre de la politique de santé, et plus largement des politiques publiques.
Sortir de l’incantation ?
Authors: Cordier Alain
Published: May 2021

Depuis longtemps les rapports se succèdent pour rendre plus efficient notre système de santé, avec souvent des recommandations qui renforcent les précédentes. Et pourtant nous restons loin du compte. Ce papier suggère, pour sortir de l’incantation, d’avoir l’audace de porter sans concession la finalité du soin et du « prendre soin », et de penser sous la contrainte de l’opérationnalité. La perspective vient au jour en recherchant de bons premiers pas, en veillant à la qualité du processus décisionnel, en identifiant avec précision les convergences et les divergences, en optant résolument pour la subsidiarité, en pensant la complexité sans adopter des solutions complexes, en favorisant le questionnement éthique.
The Financial Impact
Authors: Dressler Soeren , Dressler Sandra , Rachfall Thomas , Foerster-Trallo Dirk
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has impacted many industries such as the professional sports business. Almost all professional sports leagues, events, and championships have been either postponed or canceled. This chapter investigates the challenges of reduced revenue streams due to empty venues and canceled broadcasts on TV and on the internet. Also, the effects on the related merchandising business are addressed. Based on a theoretical analysis and an empirical study, the chapter highlights these direct impacts and sheds light on the indirect effects as well. As the pandemic disconnects sports enthusiasts to a certain extent from the team and/or athletes of their choice, certain behavioral aspects could appear. The results of the study underline that the financial effects in the short-term could almost be balanced; the medium- to long-term effects, however, will decrease the market value and threaten the business model of professional sports.
Stretching UDL Beyond the Classroom
Authors: Johnston Sam Catherine , Posey Allison
Published: May 2021

Universal design for learning (UDL) must continue to address questions of classroom quality but also push beyond the classroom to look at other parts of the system that when designed for one size fits all or even one size fits some prevent talented students from entering and persisting in higher education. This chapter examines affordability, quality, and belonging to illustrate how much student variability there is in each of these issues and highlight a range of responses that could become part of a more flexible and universally designed higher education.
Challenges and Implications During COVID-19 at the Workplace and Future Learning Strategies
Authors: Garg Vikas , Puri Neha
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has propelled a tech-savvy route into the education sector. While it is clear that online courses and tests cannot replace traditional teaching techniques, it is not possible to ignore the role of technology and its widespread use in teaching. The study specifically projects the value of technology for academic assistance of online training and evaluation. Moreover, this pandemic has impacted future teaching and learning in many ways. As a result, educators have been facing many challenges during online sessions like no knowledge about online teaching applications. Collaborations between government, technology firms, and higher education institutions in the public, private, and higher education collaboration modes will solve the problem of technological infrastructure.
Sensationalism vs. Information During COVID-19 in Ecuador
Authors: Sánchez-Figuera Rebeca , Casado Gutiérrez Fernando , Luque González Arturo , García-Guerrero Jorge
Published: May 2021

The different frames used in the COVID-19 coverage in Ecuador by the national and international press were analyzed through their Twitter accounts. This allowed the examination of which aspects of the pandemic were given greater prominence by each newspaper. The study was based on five generic frames, between 17 March and 16 April 2020. The exploration of these frames was carried out by means of an intersubjective content analysis, using four previously trained encoders. The dominant frames for COVID-19 in Ecuador varied according to the media group studied. 1) The concept of heterogeneity was confirmed within framing theory, according to which a single reality, understood as a textual and visual construct, is addressed in multiple ways by the selection of certain aspects that are given greater emphasis or priority; 2) international newspapers and, to a lesser extent, the national press showed their propensity to “internalize” the dynamic of sensationalism; and 3) there are discrepancies in the interests of the readerships with respect to the dominant frames in the media.
Student and Educator Perspective on Unconventional Online Classes
Authors: Sait Muhammad Azmi , Haji Mohd Rozaini Hajah Fathiin Najihah binti
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to gain insights on students' and educators' perspectives of the current unconventional learning and teaching methods carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main data is sourced from BruCERT's online survey of 785 students and 664 educators conducted during the closing downs of educational institutes due to preventive measures imposed by the government of Brunei Darussalam. The result shows that 77.96% of students and 72.14% of educators preferred the conventional classes. The main reasons are due to their inability to acquire good internet connectivity and proper area and time management that best suits online classes. In addition to that, the respondents perceived that the aforementioned problems become the root cause of their low discipline, productivity, and motivation to conduct and attend such classes. This chapter would be beneficial as a guideline to synthesize better teaching and learning strategies in online settings in the future.
Location-Based Social Networking for Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Human Mobility
Authors: Saravanan P. Shanthi , Deori Sabin , S. R. Balasundaram
Published: May 2021

Human location tracking and analysis have always been important domains with a wide range of implementations in areas such as traffic prediction, security, disaster response, health monitoring, etc. With the availability and use of GPS-enabled devices, it has become easier to obtain location traces of an individual. There may be situations when the current location may be difficult to trace due to device failures or any unforeseen situation. This is one reason why geo tagged social networking or LBSN (location-based social networking) data research is gaining popularity. This kind of geo-tagged data when collected over time from a crowd can be analyzed for various mobility patterns of the population. This chapter focuses on how to predict the location of the people during mobility. A sample study to predict the geographical location and points of interest of a user is explained with the help of random forest classifier. Also, the chapter highlights the security and privacy concerns when LBSN is used for human mobility analysis.
Security Attacks on Internet of Things
Authors: M. Sujaritha , S. Shunmuga Priya
Published: May 2021

Today's digital world has been turned into a classy one due to the emerging technology, Internet of Things (IoT). IoT is about connecting any device to any other device or object or person or any entity of interest. Through internet, the connectivity span is increased making it a fully linked environment. An attack is a threat that can harm any component of a system. In case of IoT, such attacks may take place at any level, software, hardware, network, etc. Stakeholders of IoT, designers, developers, or users must know the range of attacks associated with every segment of IoT. In this regard, this chapter gives an eye opener for getting familiarity with various types of attacks at all levels. Also, to take care of attacks prone systems, the concepts of threat modeling with supporting details are discussed in this chapter.
An IoT-Based Soil Properties Monitoring System for Crop Growth and Production
Authors: Bhatt Harshit , Sharma Brij Bhushan , Sharma Aaditya , Sharma Ruchika , Sharma Meenakshi
Published: May 2021

Agriculture is very important for the economic growth of a country. Soil properties such as soil type, nutrients, pH level, temperature, and soil moisture play active role in the field of agriculture for the proper growth of any crop. The common primitive methods for soil testing involve collection of soil samples and testing these samples in the lab to provide real-time information of the soil. For continuous monitoring of these factors and to get accurate results, there is a need to modernize the traditional methods by using smart technologies such as IoT and WSN. With sensors, all the mentioned soil properties can be detected continuously, making it easier for any farmer to know the status of the soil and to further act upon accordingly. The highlighting feature of this chapter is the detection of pH level to monitor the system for better crop and yield as well as to minimize the use of water and fertilizers in IoT environment. Protecting the pH level is the biggest concern. In view of this, a note on securing the system with various suggestions is given in this chapter.
An Improved Authentication Scheme for Wireless Sensor Network Using User Biometrics
Authors: N. Ambika
Published: May 2021

Sensors are tiny devices deployed in an unsupervised environment. These devices monitor the readings, process them, and transmit them to the predefined destination. The internet has also availed the users to query the sensors and get the values directly. Users are to register themselves with the gateway node. After registration, they increase flexibility to query the sensors. The sensors are to authenticate the users for their legitimacy before dispatching the requested information. The proposal increases security by minimizing the replay attacks and enhance reliability in sensor-user communication. The proposed work hikes reliability as well as conserves energy substantially. Also, it minimizes replay attacks that are vulnerable in WSN.
Relationship Between Cost of Poor Quality and Continuous Improvement
Authors: Galli Brian J.
Published: May 2021

Quality is a vital factor for every organization that seeks to sustain its competitive advantage. As such, organizations, especially those operating in the manufacturing industry, have enhanced their level of awareness on matters that align with quality, especially because of ever-advancing technology. In this regard, the cost of poor quality (COPQ) has been identified as a major component that is negatively impacting the profit maximization of many organizations. COPQ causes significant losses of revenue and businesses, as it takes the form of external and internal product failures. Nevertheless, there is a relationship between COPQ and continuous improvement; COPQ acts as a driver for continuous improvement initiatives that the organization adopts to enhance its quality. Thus, COPQ and continuous improvement are related because after an organization experiences the losses associated with COPQ, then it will strategize on ways to achieve continuous improvement.
A Novel Task-Scheduling Algorithm of Cloud Computing Based on Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Wu Zhou , Xiong Jun
Published: May 2021

With the characteristics of low cost, high availability, and scalability, cloud computing has become a high demand platform in the field of information technology. Due to the dynamic and diversity of cloud computing system, the task and resource scheduling has become a challenging issue. This paper proposes a novel task scheduling algorithm of cloud computing based on particle swarm optimization. Firstly, the resource scheduling problem in cloud computing system is modeled, and the objective function of the task execution time is formulated. Then, the modified particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced to schedule applications' tasks and enhance load balancing. It uses Copula function to explore the relation of the random parameters random numbers and defines the local attractor to avoid the fitness function to be trapped into local optimum. The simulation results show that the proposed resource scheduling and allocation model can effectively improve the resource utilization of cloud computing and greatly reduce the completion time of tasks.
Research on Visual Art Design Method Based on Virtual Reality
Authors: Li Peng
Published: May 2021

In today's society, computer technology has been deeply rooted in the hearts of people. Computers are wonderful tools for creative thinking. It is an extension of our visual function and the function of the visual cortex of the brain. Through this extension, we can see more scenes that we could not see before. As a computer simulation system that creates and feels virtual worlds, 3D digital virtual reality technology uses a computer as a media simulation or a real or imaginary scene. It is a system simulation of interactive 3D dynamic vision and entity behavior based on diversified information fusion. As the creator of visual arts, we must try to observe the world at a deeper level and establish a model that resonates with the viewer. At every level, our technology will convey the way we view the world more deeply. We will be more amazed at the richness of the real world. This chapter explores a visual art design method based on virtual reality.
Assessing the Performances of Vendor Firms by Optimization Technique Industry 4.0 GSC Architectures
Authors: Devi K. V. Geetha , Thakur Shailesh Singh , Singh Sourabh Kumar
Published: May 2021

Green supply chain is the process used for diminishing the exploitation of resources and producing sustainable technological development. The aim of the research work is to build the proficient Industry 4.0 green architectures index for assessing the feasible candidate choice. In the research work, a crisp numbers set-based MOORA-FMF advanced technique is executed for examining the Industry 4.0 green architectures of vendors firms. The managers are assisted with an Industry 4.0 green architectures index with optimization technique to quantify the performances of alternatives. Therefore, a real case study of a steel manufacturing plant is carried to simulate the proposed Industry 4.0 GSC architectures. Eventually, the results are presented in the conclusion.
Sustainable Development in Agriculture Through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for Smarter India
Authors: Ramasamy Siva Shankar
Published: May 2021

This research work deals with the potential evidence to influence ICT towards the agricultural sector. Indian agriculture is gradually languishing due to the lack of technological inputs and advancement. Information with use of ICT for farmers should be gathered and processed properly by networking and ICT. The optimum utilization of ICT will be utilized for the farmers which paved the way for upheavals in agriculture development and our farmers too. E-governance is one of the ways to reach all farmers to promote availability of resources through information and communication technology, and it is a tool to promote sustainable agriculture as well. In India, lots of e-governance schemes and programmes are available for agricultural sustainability.
SO-AODV
Authors: Singh Karan , Gupta Rajeev
Published: May 2021

MANET has emerged as an eager field for supporting disaster response and prevention applications like climate and weather observation, tracking, tsunamis, wildfire and emergency rescue operations, underwater level navigation, etc. In this paper, a new ad-hoc routing protocol named SO-AODV (Secured and Optimized Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) is proposed for secured and optimized communication in any disaster like situations. For shortest route selection a technique called pigeons swarm optimization (PiSO) is used that also leads to minimize the hop count in selected optimal route. Lightweight digital watermarking (LDW) is used that ensures the authenticity of “hello” packets. For security of event messages, cyphertext stealing technique (CST) is used with encryption qu-Vanstone elliptic curve cryptography (qV-ECC) based public key cryptography. The qV-ECC generates public key. Experiments are conducted using NS2 and performance is evaluated and compared over AODV for several metrics (i.e., packet delivery ration, throughput, end-to-end delay, security, and hop count).
Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses in Mice Immunized with Vaccinia Virus Expressing the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
Authors: Harbour Jake C. , Lyski Zoe L. , Schell John B. , Thomas Archana , Messer William B. , Slifka Mark K. , Nolz Jeffrey C.
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health emergency, and the development of a successful vaccine will ultimately be required to prevent the continued spread and seasonal recurrence of this disease within the human population. However, very little is known about either the quality of the adaptive immune response or the viral Ag targets that will be necessary to prevent the spread of the infection. In this study, we generated recombinant Vaccinia virus expressing the full-length spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 (VacV-S) to evaluate the cellular and humoral immune response mounted against this viral Ag in mice. Both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells specific to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein underwent robust expansion, contraction, and persisted for at least 40 d following a single immunization with VacV-S. Vaccination also caused the rapid emergence of spike-specific IgG-neutralizing Abs. Interestingly, both the cellular and humoral immune responses strongly targeted the S1 domain of spike following VacV-S immunization. Notably, immunization with VacV-expressing spike conjugated to the MHC class II invariant chain, a strategy previously reported by us and others to enhance the immunogenicity of antigenic peptides, did not promote stronger spike-specific T cell or Ab responses in vivo. Overall, these findings demonstrate that an immunization approach using VacV or attenuated versions of VacV expressing the native, full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein could be used for further vaccine development to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
Bio efficacy of Cinnamaldehyde from Cinnamomum verum essential oil against Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Nakasen K. , Wongsrila A. , Prathumtet J. , Sriraj P. , Boonmars T. , Promsrisuk T. , Laikaew N. , Aukkanimart R.
Published: May 2021

This research aims to study the efficacy of Cinnamomum verum (Cv) extracts for ovicidal, larvicidal, and repellent activities against Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito vectors. The active components of C. verum or cinnamon oil by Gas Chromatography (GC) analysis showed the highest cinnamaldehyde at 83.53%. For ovicidal assay, C. verum essential oil at concentrations 12.5, 25 and 50 ppm at 72 h had 100% egg hatch inhibition and had a significant difference when compared to the control group (p<0.05). Larvicidal activity showed that concentrations of 25 and 50 ppm were highly effective in killing 100% mosquito larvae. Morphological changes in egg raft showed a faded color and eggs that seemed to have split from their raft while the larvae changed to a pale white wrinkled body with a destroyed inner tube of the body and were motionless. A Scanning electron microscope study showed that the eggshell and micropyle were wrinkled with the chitin peeled out. After treatment with cinnamon oil, larvae appeared to have a wrinkled body, the thorax and abdominal cuticle were also destroyed with high density of oil particles observed on mouth brushes and obstructing the spiracle. The repellent assay showed that cinnamon oil could repel both male and female mosquitos for up to 180 min. From the results, it was concluded that cinnamon oil had highly effective repellency against Culex quinquefasciatus adults and insecticidal activity on eggs and larvae stages evidenced by LC50 at 6.59±0.54, 9.07±0.67 and 36.91±7.56 ppm and its morphological changes indicated how the mosquito could not survive after cinnamon oil treatment hence this may be a useful alternative method that is green friendly for controlling mosquitoes in endemic areas.
Accuracy of non-invasive haemoglobin measurements in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate surgery
Authors: Selvaraj Naveen , Jain Gaurav , Tripathy Debendra Kumar , Mittal Ankur , Indulekha Haritha
Published: May 2021

Background and Aims:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of non-invasive haemoglobin (SpHb) compared to laboratory venous haemoglobin (tHb) measurements among patients undergoing elective transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) surgery under spinal anaesthesia.

Methods:

In a prospective, observational, outcome-assessor blinded, cohort trial, we enroled 50 American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA-PS) I-II patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The primary outcome included SpHb and tHb measurements performed at four perioperative time-points: just before initiating the fluid preload (T1), and at 30 min (T2), 1 h (T3), and 2 h (T4) after starting the prostate resection, respectively. Statistical tool included intra-class correlation (ICC), Bland-Altman plots, and linear regression analysis.

Results:

We collected 200 SpHb/tHb data sets from 50 patients. The SpHb had a non-significant negative bias of –0.83 g/dL, –0.43 g/dL, –0.81 g/dL, and –0.46 g/dL, with limits of agreement of 2.6 g/dL to –4.2 g/dL, 2.4 g/dL to –3.3 g/dL, 1.3 g/dL to –2.8 g/dL, and 1.4 g/dL to –2.3 g/dL, for T1 to T4, respectively. The SpHb/tHb pairs correlated significantly (time-dependent increase in ICC from T1 to T4). The SpHb-tHb difference correlated significantly with corresponding serum sodium (T1 to T3), but not with perfusion index. No correlation existed between % change in SpHb-tHb difference (T1 to T4), and intraoperative blood loss or perioperative weight gain.

Conclusion:

The SpHb exhibited a clinically acceptable negative bias compared to tHb during TURP surgery. Although a wide limit of agreement between the SpHb/tHb pairs is a limitation, the real-time SpHb trends can still serve in clinical judgement.