bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel reinforcement learning technique based parameter estimation for proton exchange membrane fuel cell model
Authors: Salem Nermin M. , Shaheen Mohamed A. M. , Hasanien Hany M.
Published: November 2024

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) offer a clean and sustainable alternative to traditional engines. PEMFCs play a vital role in progressing hydrogen-based energy solutions. Accurate modeling of PEMFC performance is essential for enhancing their efficiency. This paper introduces a novel reinforcement learning (RL) approach for estimating PEMFC parameters, addressing the challenges of the complex and nonlinear dynamics of the PEMFCs. The proposed RL method minimizes the sum of squared errors between measured and simulated voltages and provides an adaptive and self-improving RL-based Estimation that learns continuously from system feedback. The RL-based approach demonstrates superior accuracy and performance compared with traditional metaheuristic techniques. It has been validated through theoretical and experimental comparisons and tested on commercial PEMFCs, including the Temasek 1 kW, the 6 kW Nedstack PS6, and the Horizon H-12 12 W. The dataset used in this study comes from experimental data. This research contributes to the precise modeling of PEMFCs, improving their efficiency, and developing wider adoption of PEMFCs in sustainable energy solutions.
Protective effects of Marinobacter nauticus strain GH3 exopolysaccharide on the Oreochromis niloticus model for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Abdel-Razik Ghada , Abdelrazik Mohamad , Rashad Alaa , Khalil Wagdy K. B. , Abdel-Gawad Fagr Kh. , Hamed Ahmed A. , El Awady Mohamed E.
Published: November 2024

Marinobacter nauticus strain GH3 was isolated from the Red Sea, Sharm Elshiekh, and classified according to cultural attributes, biochemical properties, and the analysis of genetic relationships using 16 S rRNA sequences. A substantial proportion of exopolysaccharides (EPS) in GH3-EPS contained a sulfate content of 25.4%, uronic acid (12.18%), and N-acetylglucosamine (13.6%). The composition of monosaccharides in this fraction consists of glucose, glucoronic acid, arabinose, and xylose by 2:4:3:3, respectively. SEM showed a flower-like shape with white bundles on the GH3-EPS surface. GH3-EPS enhancement of the RAW264.7 macrophage line RAW 264.7 ATTC number J774 cell proliferation via MTT assay for cell viability. GH3-EPS had a high stimulation effect on releasing TNF-alpha and IL-10. Followed by its effect against cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and lipoxygenase (LOX), with IC50s of 14.74 and 19.4 µg/ml, respectively. Antioxidant activity was evaluated for GPx-4, GSS, and MDA with highly significant results, and for DPPH, ABTS, and iron chelating with IC50 (43.51, 31.27, and 84.96 µg/ml, respectively). AChE was inhibited by a mean of 52.92 ± 4.54 and 68.22 ± 5.64 µg/ml. In a fish animal model, GH3-EPS demonstrated a positive treatment effect for AD, supporting biochemical studies, histopathology for some brain parts, and toxicity.
Perception of pointing gestures in 3D space
Authors: Krause Lisa-Marie , Herbort Oliver
Published: November 2024

Pointing gestures are often used to refer to distant referents by indicating in which vertical and horizontal direction the referent is located relative to the pointer. In the present manuscript, we address whether and how both dimensions interact when people spatially interpret pointing gestures, or whether both dimensions are processed independently as reflected in many current models. We found that both dimensions interact on different levels. First, cross-dimensional effects were found on a between-gestures level. That is, the perception of the vertical position implied by a pointing gesture depended on horizontal arm and finger orientation. Conversely, the horizontal interpretation depended on vertical arm and finger orientation. Second, we found cross-dimensional interactions on the level of intra-individual biases. That is, participants’ horizontal perceptual biases in interpretations (e.g., perceiving a gesture as directed more rightward than others) were related to their vertical perceptual biases. Third, we found cross-dimensional interactions on the level of intra-individual variability. That is, the vertical and horizontal interpretations of the same pointing gestures were correlated within participants and gestures. Together, these findings indicate that human spatial pointing perception is based on configural processing of a gesture on different levels of information processing.
Local and systemic humoral immune responses to Histophilus somni recombinant antigens administered intranasally and subcutaneously to dairy calves
Authors: Bazjert Joanna , Jawor Paulina , Pisarek Maciej , Baran Rafał , Jachymek Wojciech , Stefaniak Tadeusz
Published: November 2024

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) causes significant economic losses in dairy calves. Induction of an early immune response via parenteral vaccination is complicated by the interference of colostral immunity. In this study, we investigated early immunization against selected conserved bacterial antigens. Calves were vaccinated twice intranasally and then subcutaneously with Histophilus somni recombinant proteins (rOMP40 or rHsp60) mixed with one of two adjuvants: CpG ODN2007 or MPLA. The control group (Con) was treated with PBS. The first immunization was done between 24 and 48 h of life and then twice in two weeks intervals. Blood, nasal, and saliva secretion samples were collected directly before vaccination (S1–S3) and then on 42–44 (S4) and 59–61 (S5) day of life. Antibodies (IgG1/IgG2/IgM/IgA in serum; IgG1/IgA in secretions) against both vaccine antigens were quantified in all samples. Intranasal and subcutaneous vaccinations using the described formulas did not increase antibody reactivity against the tested proteins. The reactivity of serum IgG1, IgM, and IgA anti-rOMP40 antibodies was significantly higher in S1 in all groups than that in the other samplings (p˂0.01). Significant differences in the reactivity of serum anti-rOMP40 antibodies between groups were identified in S1 (IgA reactivity was higher in the CpG vs. MPLA group; p < 0.05), S4 (IgM reactivity was higher in Con vs. CpG group; p < 0.05), and S5 (IgG1 reactivity was higher in MPLA vs. Con group; p < 0.05). The lack of consistent changes in antibodies after immunization (S4 and S5) hinders the drawing of conclusions regarding the effect of immunization on antibody reactivity. In the future, establishing a proper immunization window and adjuvants for nasal vaccines against bacterial pathogens causing BRD in calves remains to be determined.
Coherent Raman microscopy visualizes ongoing cellular senescence through amide I peak shifts originating from β sheets in disordered nucleolar proteins
Authors: Ishibashi Shigeo , Inoko Akihito , Oka Yuki , Leproux Philippe , Kano Hideaki
Published: November 2024

Cellular senescence occurs through the accumulation of many kinds of stresses. Senescent cells in tissues also cause various age-related disorders. Therefore, detecting them without labeling is beneficial for medical research and developing diagnostic methods. However, existing biomarkers have limitations of requiring fixation and labeling, or their molecular backgrounds are uncertain. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopic imaging is a novel option because it can assess and visualize molecular structures based on their molecular fingerprint. Here, we present a new label-free method to visualize cellular senescence using CARS imaging in nucleoli. We found the peak of the nucleolar amide I band shifted to a higher wavenumber in binuclear senescent cells, which reflects changes in the protein secondary structure from predominant α-helices to β-sheets originating from amyloid-like aggregates. Following this, we developed a procedure that can visualize the senescent cells by providing the ratios and subtractions of these two components. We also confirmed that the procedure can visualize nucleolar aggregates due to unfolded/misfolded proteins produced by proteasome inhibition. Finally, we found that this method can help visualize the nucleolar defects in naïve cells even before binucleation. Thus, our method is beneficial to evaluate ongoing cellular senescence through label-free imaging of nucleolar defects.
A novel benign and malignant classification model for lung nodules based on multi-scale interleaved fusion integrated network
Authors: Lv Enhui , Kang Xingxing , Wen Pengbo , Tian Jiaqi , Zhang Mengying
Published: November 2024

One of the precursors of lung cancer is the presence of lung nodules, and accurate identification of their benign or malignant nature is important for the long-term survival of patients. With the development of artificial intelligence, deep learning has become the main method for lung nodule classification. However, successful deep learning models usually require large number of parameters and carefully annotated data. In the field of medical images, the availability of such data is usually limited, which makes deep networks often perform poorly on new test data. In addition, the model based on the linear stacked single branch structure hinders the extraction of multi-scale features and reduces the classification performance. In this paper, to address this problem, we propose a lightweight interleaved fusion integration network with multi-scale feature learning modules, called MIFNet. The MIFNet consists of a series of MIF blocks that efficiently combine multiple convolutional layers containing 1 × 1 and 3 × 3 convolutional kernels with shortcut links to extract multiscale features at different levels and preserving them throughout the block. The model has only 0.7 M parameters and requires low computational cost and memory space compared to many ImageNet pretrained CNN architectures. The proposed MIFNet conducted exhaustive experiments on the reconstructed LUNA16 dataset, achieving impressive results with 94.82% accuracy, 97.34% F1 value, 96.74% precision, 97.10% sensitivity, and 84.75% specificity. The results show that our proposed deep integrated network achieves higher performance than pre-trained deep networks and state-of-the-art methods. This provides an objective and efficient auxiliary method for accurately classifying the type of lung nodule in medical images.
Design and psychometrics of a tool for measuring social cognitive factors related to the preventive behaviors toward Covid-19 in the society
Authors: Dadashi-Tonkaboni Niloofar , Bagheri Marjan , Gholamnia-Shirvani Zeinab , Mirzaei Hamed , Mahdizadeh Mehrsadat
Published: November 2024

With the emergence of new strains of Covid-19, the adoption of preventive behaviors is still considered a requirement to control this disease. Therefore, considering the importance of social cognitive factors in adopting various types of preventive behaviors, the present study was conducted to design and psychometrically measure the social cognitive factors related to Covid-19 preventive behaviors. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 526 people ages 18 and over with multi-stage stratified, cluster and random sampling in Isfahan, Iran in 2022. The questionnaire was validated and formulated in three stages: designing, creating and reducing items. After collecting information and creating a bank of items, qualitative and quantitative methods were used to calculate the tool’s validity. Data analysis was done in SPSS23 software at a significance level of less than 0.05. In the present study, the average age score of the participants was 39.16 ± 11.48. The results related to the construct validity in the exploratory part show that the five factors (Outcome expectations, self-efficacy, social support, self-regulation and barrier self-efficacy) obtained have a specific value higher than one and range from 1.376 to 9.343. Correlation between factors shows that all factors have a relatively high relationship with each other (P < 0.05). According to the exploratory factor analysis, the final questionnaire contains 29 items and 5 constructs from socio-cognitive theory. The results showed that the thematically and technically designed tool has been prepared in an appropriate way for each of the structures and can accurately measure the structures of outcome expectations, self-efficacy, social support, self-regulation and barrier self-efficacy to explain the preventive behaviors of Covid-19 to evaluate.
Multicellular adaptation to electrophysiological perturbations analyzed by deterministic and stochastic bioelectrical models
Authors: Cervera Javier , Levin Michael , Mafe Salvador
Published: November 2024

Cells can compensate a disruptive change in one ion channel by compensatory changes in other channels. We have simulated the adaptation of a multicellular aggregate of non-excitable cells to the electrophysiological perturbation produced by the external blocking of a cation channel. In the biophysical model employed, we consider that this blocking provokes a cell depolarization that opens a voltage-gated calcium channel, thus allowing toxic Ca2+ levels. The cell adaptation to this externally-induced perturbation is ascribed to the multiplicity of channels available to keep the cell membrane potential within a physiological window. We propose that the cell depolarization provokes the upregulated expression of a compensatory channel protein that resets the cell potential to the correct polarized value, which prevents the calcium entry. To this end, we use two different simulation algorithms based on deterministic and stochastic methods. The simulations suggest that because of the local correlations coupling the cell potential to transcription, short-term bioelectrical perturbations can trigger long-term biochemical adaptations to novel stressors in multicellular aggregates. Previous experimental data on planarian flatworms’ adaptation to a barium-containing environment is also discussed.
A comprehensive scheme for power management of FC/SC/battery, and solar-roof PV source in electric vehicle systems
Authors: Valizadeh Majid , Shiri Mahyar , Sarvenoee Amirhosein Khosravi , Gowtham N. , AboRas Kareem M.
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes a new energy management system to combine Fuel Cells (FC) and photovoltaic (PV) panels as primary power sources. Also, battery and Super Capacitor (SC) banks are considered as secondary energy systems. The high power density and the fast dynamics of SCs combined with the high energy density and medium dynamics of batteries would be an ideal combination for FC vehicles. The high step-up DC/DC converter is used along with the implementation of the maximum power point tracking algorithm (MPPT) to adapt the low power of PV panels with the high power of DC-Link. Also, an evolutionary optimization algorithm is proposed along with the FOPI controller to improve the output of the energy management algorithm and control the sources more efficiently. The simulation results are validated for a standard urban driving cycle. It indicates for the case of the sustained presence of a PV source during a typical driving cycle, the source delivers about 55% of its maximum power.
Benchmark of screening markers for KEAP1/NFE2L2 mutations and joint analysis with the K1N2-score
Authors: Arolt Christoph , Scheel Andreas H. , Dugan Margaret , Wild Robert , Richartz Vanessa , Holz Barbara , Brägelmann Johannes , Wagener-Ryczek Svenja , Merkelbach-Bruse Sabine , Wolf Juergen , Buettner Reinhard , Catanzariti Luigi , Scheffler Matthias , Hillmer Axel M.
Published: November 2024

Our recently published K1N2-score robustly predicts KEAP1/NFE2L2-mutations and pathway activation status, while its accessibility might be limited. We tested if the RNA expression data of six pathway-related genes and NQO1-IHC might be a reliable alternative using 348 KEAP1/NFE2L2 mutation-enriched NSCLC. While TXNRD1 RNA testing was the best-performing single-gene test, the combination of single-gene screening and validation with the K1N2-score achieved the highest performance when predicting mutation status or pathway activation.
The pro-oncogenic noncanonical activity of a RAS•GTP:RanGAP1 complex facilitates nuclear protein export
Authors: Tripathi Brajendra K. , Hirsh Nicole H. , Qian Xiaolan , Durkin Marian E. , Wang Dunrui , Papageorge Alex G. , Lake Ross , Evrard Yvonne A. , Marcus Adam I. , Ramalingam Suresh S. , Dasso Mary , Vousden Karen H. , Doroshow James H. , Walters Kylie J. , Lowy Douglas R.
Published: November 2024

Canonical RAS signaling, including PI3K/AKT- and RAF/MEK-dependent activities, results mainly from RAS•GTP interaction with its effectors at the plasma membrane. Here, we identified a fundamental, oncogenic, noncanonical RAS•GTP activity that increases XPO1-dependent export of nuclear protein cargo into the cytoplasm and is independent of PI3K/AKT and RAF/MEK signaling. This RAS-dependent step acts downstream from XPO1 binding to nuclear protein cargo and is mediated by a perinuclear protein complex between RAS•GTP and RanGAP1 that facilitates hydrolysis of Ran•GTP to Ran•GDP, which promotes release of nuclear protein cargo into the cytoplasm. The export of nuclear EZH2, which promotes cytoplasmic degradation of the DLC1 tumor suppressor protein, is a biologically important component of this pro-oncogenic activity. Conversely, preventing nuclear protein export contributes to the antitumor activity of KRAS inhibition, which can be further augmented by reactivating the tumor suppressor activity of DLC1 or potentially combining RAS inhibitors with other cancer treatments.
Rural land systems both support and hinder the Sustainable Development Goals across Europe
Authors: Nicholas Kimberly A. , Scown Murray
Published: November 2024

Achieving sustainable rural land systems, including farms and forestry, is essential to achieve the European Union’s goal of fair and healthy food systems while becoming climate-neutral and halting biodiversity loss. Here we quantitatively assess the environmental and socioeconomic sustainability of rural land systems in Europe using spatial hotspot analyses based on 15 environmental and 9 social sustainability indicators from the European Sustainable Development Goals and the Common Agricultural Policy. We find high subsidy support for under-performing sustainability areas and low sustainability performance in areas producing the most calories. However, we identified two brightspots with good environmental and socioeconomic performance (Nordics and Central Europe), and five dragspots hindering sustainability: the Balkans, the Lowlands, Northern Italy, Southern Italy and Malta, and Southern Spain. Redirecting support to reward social and environmental benefits from land use can help achieve sustainability goals.
Annual grass invasions and wildfire deplete ecosystem carbon storage by >50% to resistant base levels
Authors: Maxwell Toby M. , Quicke Harold E. , Price Samuel J. , Germino Matthew J.
Published: November 2024

Ecological disturbance can affect carbon storage and stability and is a key consideration for managing lands to preserve or increase ecosystem carbon to ameliorate the global greenhouse gas problem. Dryland soils are massive carbon reservoirs that are increasingly impacted by species invasions and altered fire regimes, including the exotic-grass-fire cycle in the extensive sagebrush steppe of North America. Direct measurement of total carbon in 1174 samples from landscapes of this region that differed in invasion and wildfire history revealed that their impacts depleted soil carbon by 42–49%, primarily in deep horizons, which could amount to 17.1–20.0 Tg carbon lost across the ~400,000 ha affected annually. Disturbance effects on soil carbon stocks were not synergistic, suggesting that soil carbon was lowered to a floor—i.e. a resistant base-level—beneath which further loss was unlikely. Restoration and maintenance of resilient dryland shrublands/rangelands could stabilize soil carbon at magnitudes relevant to the global carbon cycle.
Reef site and habitat influence effectiveness of Acropora palmata restoration and its microbiome in the Florida Keys
Authors: Rosales Stephanie M. , Young Benjamin D. , Bright Allan J. , Montes Enrique , Zhang Jia-Zhong , Traylor-Knowles Nikki , Williams Dana E.
Published: November 2024

The success of coral restoration for the critically endangered Acropora palmata is understudied. Here, we examined how habitat and coral microbiomes influenced survivorship in four genets of A. palmata outplanted in three reefs. A. palmata microbiomes were correlated to reef and habitat and minimally to coral genet. Carysfort Reef exhibited the lowest survivorship which correlated to lower current velocity and a higher relative abundance of Rhodobacterales in A. palmata. Higher survivorship was present at Pickles Reef which correlated to the highest current velocity, and at North Dry Rocks with the shallowest outplant depth. Habitat factors driven by time of year such as higher levels of nitrate, nitrite, and temperature also correlated with a relative increase in a putative pathogen, Alteromonadales, and a decrease in an uncharacterized core bacteria. We suggest outplanting at sites with high currents, lower depths, and at lower concentrations of nitrate/nitrite to increase A. palmata survivorship.
Student's study behaviors as a predictor of performance in general chemistry I
Authors: Laguerre Van Sickle Lorraine , Frey Regina F.
Published: November 2024

General chemistry is often the first course taken by students interested in careers in STEM and health fields, and therefore, is considered an essential course for the success and retention of students in these fields. Prior studies have shown study habits and skills to be related to student performance in college-level courses, including STEM courses. Previous chemistry studies have focused on deep versus surface approaches to studying, how affective variables (e.g., self-efficacy) affect study habits, and how students study week to week. Literature has also shown that students’ management of their general study time can impact their performance, with distraction while studying becoming an increasing challenge for students. This study examined first-semester general-chemistry students' study behaviors (both their explicit learning strategies and study-time management practices) focusing on their exam preparation and that relationship to exam performance when controlling for prior knowledge and class attendance. Key findings include: (1) students, on average, employed two active strategies for exam preparation, dedicated half of their study time to active strategies, and were distracted 26% of the time. (2) While active strategies positively influenced exam performance and passive strategies had a negative impact, not all active strategies were equally effective. (3) The percentage of study time spent on active strategies correlated positively with performance, whereas higher distraction levels during exam preparation negatively affected outcomes. Understanding student exam-study behaviors and their effects on exam performance can help instructors support students more effectively by teaching them study strategies effective for their courses.
Self-assembled carrier-free formulations based on medicinal and food active ingredients
Authors: Hao Yuan , Ji Haixia , Gao Li , Qu Zhican , Zhao Yinghu , Chen Jiahui , Wang Xintao , Ma Xiaokai , Zhang Guangyu , Zhang Taotao
Published: November 2024

This paper summarizes the different forces and forms of self-assembly, studies on the active components of medicinal and edible homologous plants and their advantages in disease application.
Three-dimensional structured PLCL/ADM bioactive aerogel for rapid repair of full-thickness skin defects
Authors: Ning Xuchao , Wang Runjia , Liu Na , You Yong , Wang Yawen , Wang Jing , Wang Yuanfei , Chen Zhenyu , Zhao Haiguang , Wu Tong
Published: November 2024

Preparation of three-dimensional structured PLCL/ADM composite aerogels and their applications in treating full-thickness wounds in rats.
Preparation and practical applications of a phosphate capture material with FeO(OH)-loaded polyurethane
Authors: Li Hao , Tao Ruidong , Liu Zihan , Qu Mengjie , Pan Hui , Zheng Mingming , Mei Yunjun
Published: November 2024

Metal (hydro)oxide particles with efficient phosphate removal properties are widely used in the treatment of eutrophic waters (mainly phosphorus).
Rare-metal single atom catalysts for large scale hydrogen production under actual operating conditions
Authors: Li Jiaye , Tian Xu , Yue Changle , Guo Han , Wang Zhidong , Guo Mengdi , Huang Siying , Song Yang , Lin Wei , Li Yichuan , Liu Bin , Pan Yuan
Published: November 2024

This review summarizes the research progress made in recent years in the rational design of RMSACs for large-scale hydrogen production under actual conditions, including high current density, seawater electrolysis and long term operation.
Corn cob and corn silk-based ingredients possess bioaccessible and antioxidant phenolic compounds displaying anti-inflammatory effects in vitro
Authors: Hernández-García Yessica Rubí , Luzardo-Ocampo Ivan , Gaytán-Martínez Marcela , Loarca-Piña Guadalupe , Vázquez-Barrios Estela , Campos-Vega Rocio
Published: November 2024

The poor disposal and lack of utilization of corn cob (CC) and corn silk (CS) generate environmental problems.
Thermoresponsive scaffolds fabricated using covalent organic frameworks for the selective removal of water contaminants
Authors: Gazvineh Safoora , Beyranvand Siamak , Saki Sara , Nemati Mohammad , Ludwig Kai , Amsalem Patrick , Schultz Thorstenn , Cheng Chong , Adeli Mohsen
Published: November 2024

Thermoresponsive polymeric networks with defined morphologies are synthesized using COF templates and used for the selective removal of water contaminants.
Sulfide electrolytes for all-solid-state sodium batteries: fundamentals and modification strategies
Authors: Yang Shoumeng , Tang Yi , Yao Yu , He Shengnan , Wu Zhijun , Yang Yang , Pan Hongge , Rui Xianhong , Yu Yan
Published: November 2024

This review provides a summary of the latest advancements in sulfide solid-state electrolytes for all-solid-state sodium batteries. It emphasizes the various preparation methods, modification strategies, and enhancements in interfacial stability.
Electrode informatics accelerated the optimization of key catalyst layer parameters in direct methanol fuel cells
Authors: Ban Lishou , Huang Danyang , Liu Yanyi , Liu Pengcheng , Bian Xihui , Wang Kaili , Liu Yifan , Liu Xijun , He Jia
Published: November 2024

Finite element simulation combined with machine learning surrogate model was constructed to accelerate power density prediction and evaluate the influence of catalyst layer parameters on the maximum power density of direct methanol fuel cells.
The design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridines as anti-inflammatory compounds
Authors: Chen Rachel M. , Emming Stefan , Cinnamon Roseanna , Cameron Jacob P. , Schroder Kate , Kobe Bostjan , Robertson Avril A. B.
Published: November 2024

The optimised synthesis of a largely unexplored compound class of 4-amino-5-N-aryl-functionalised tetrahydropteridines that show anti-inflammatory activity against the NLRP3 inflammasome is reported.
Syntheses of differentially fluorinated triazole-based 1-deoxysphingosine analogues en route to SphK inhibitors
Authors: Cardona Adrià , Ivanova Varbina , Beltrán-Debón Raúl , Barril Xavier , Castillón Sergio , Díaz Yolanda , Matheu M. Isabel
Published: November 2024

Stereoselective syntheses of 16 triazole-based 1-deoxysphingosine dual SphK inhibitors incorporating different systematic modifications highlight heptafluoropropyl and guanidinium motifs towards improving SphK2 inhibition.
Axial-phenyl-constrained bis(imino)acenaphthene-nickel precatalysts enhance ethylene polymerization
Authors: Wang Quanchao , Zhang Qiuyue , Wang Yizhou , Zou Song , Ma Yanping , Liang Tongling , Sun Wen-Hua
Published: November 2024

A series of axial-phenyl-modified bis(imino)acenaphthene-nickel precatalysts is more active and thermostable than its orginal analogues in ethylene polymerization, producing polyethylene elastomers with higher molecular weights and longer branches.
Li3V2(PO4)3 particles embedded in a N and S co-doped porous carbon cathode for high performance lithium storage: an experimental and DFT study
Authors: Wu Jinggao , Zhong Canyu , Chen Xiaofan , Huang Jing
Published: November 2024

The feasibility of Li3V2(PO4)3 coated with N and S co-doped carbon (LVP@C-NS) as a potential cathode for LIBs was predicted through DFT calculations and experimentally validated. The LVP@C-NS12 cathode shows excellent cycling and rate performance.
From e-waste to eco-sensors: synthesis of reduced graphene oxide/ZnO from discarded batteries for a rapid electrochemical bisphenol A sensor
Authors: Kabir Md Humayun , Pabel Md Yeasin , Bristy Nishat Tasnim , Salam Md. Abdus , Bashar Muhammad Shahriar , Yasmin Sabina
Published: November 2024

E-waste-derived reduced graphene oxide/ZnO forfast electrochemical detection of bisphenol A (BPA).
Synthesis and in vitro assessment of gold nanoparticles conjugated with extracts, sterols and pure compounds derived from marine sponges from the Indian and Pacific Oceans
Authors: Ramanjooloo Avin , Bekah Devesh , Adeyemi Samson A. , Ubanako Philemon , Ngema Lindokuhle , Choonara Yahya E. , Williams David E. , Polishchuk Elena A. , Andersen Raymond J. , Bhaw-Luximon Archana
Published: November 2024

The synthesis of gold nanoparticles using extracts, sterols and pure compounds from marine sponges.
A facile synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles as a nano-sensor to detect levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in human blood and evaluation of their biological activities
Authors: Hasan Erum , Manzar Ziana , Haroon Nabeel , Raza Ali , Ali Syed Nawazish , Lateef Mehreen , Begum Sabira
Published: November 2024

New bioactive magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized and stabilized by 3-aminobenzoic acid (3-ABA) utilized in detection of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin.
Distance-based paper microfluidic devices for rapid visual quantification of heavy metals in herbal supplements and cosmetics
Authors: Manmana Yanawut , Macka Mirek , Nuchtavorn Nantana
Published: November 2024

The ion exchange paper shows strongly retain anionic metallochromic reagents, enabling clear endpoint detection on DμPADs. This method allows rapid heavy metal screening in real samples, with the predeposited reagents stable for at least 2 months.
Stability and magnetic properties of transition metal (V, Cr, Mn, and Fe) doped cobalt oxide clusters: a density functional theory investigation
Authors: Mai Nguyen Thi , Thanh Tran Dang , Manh Do Hung , Ngoc Anh Nguyen Thi , Lan Ngo Thi , Thu Phung Thi , Tung Nguyen Thanh
Published: November 2024

Con−1TMOn−2+ (n = 6–8), (TM = V, Cr, Mn, and Fe) clusters are investigated using density functional theory calculations.
Characterization and quantification of the phytochemical constituents and anti-inflammatory properties of Lindera aggregata
Authors: Wen Song-Song , Liu Yong-Jun , Liu Yu-Lin , Zhao Yan , Xu Xiao-Xi , Guo Chang-Chuan , Niu Chong , Wang Wei-Jian , Xu Yu-Wen , Zhang Na
Published: November 2024

This study developed a method to analyze the bioactive compounds in Lindera aggregata roots, identifying 80 compounds, with 16 quantified, and found that specific compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory effects.
Chitosan supported ionic liquid, a multifaceted catalyst for streamlined and efficient synthesis of carboxylic, amino acid and carbohydrate esters
Authors: Kakati Praachi , Awasthi Satish Kumar
Published: November 2024

Development of a solid heterogeneous catalyst in the form of an ionic liquid incorporated in chitosan which shows high recyclability. This was used in a solvent free esterification reaction of carboxylic acids, amino acids and carbohydrates.
Tailoring dual cross-linked polymer-ionic liquid composites by blending co-crystallizable polymers for stretchable electronics
Authors: Kim Minjun , Park Moonsung , Seon Hobin , Choi Sohyun , Kim Hee Joong , Kim Sangwon
Published: November 2024

A dual cross-linked polymer-ionic liquid composite exhibits self-healing capabilities and is ideal for wearable strain sensor applications.
Synthesis of Cu/Mn/Ce polymetallic oxide catalysts and catalytic ozone treatment of wastewater
Authors: Zhong Jinlong , Mao Xue feng , Wang Guanyu , Li Heng , Li Junfang , Qu Sijian , Zhao Jianwei
Published: November 2024

Non-homogeneous ozone-catalyzed oxidation technology is one of the effective ways of treating wastewater, the core of which lies in the development of efficient ozone oxidation catalysts.
Effect of magnetic field on the rate performance of a Fe2O3/LiFePO4 composite cathode for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Nduka Emmanuel Iheonu , Assan Nazgul , Yegamkulov Mukagali , Mukanova Aliya , Bakenov Zhumabay
Published: November 2024

Application of magnetic field upon drying of LiFePO4 cathode enhances its electrochemical performance. It is further enhanced with Fe2O3 nanoparticle additives, thereby reducing polarization and improving conductivity and lithium-ion diffusion.
Ligand cross-links as a design element in oligo- and polyMOFs
Authors: Sensharma Debobroto , Cohen Seth M.
Published: November 2024

Oligo- and polyMOFs based on DMOF-1 adopt distinct isomeric structures governed by the flexibility, length, and number of repeat units of tethering groups between terephthalate units.
Light-driven water oxidation by a BiVO4/TiO2 photoanode modified with D102 organic dye and copper(ii) meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin
Authors: Mauliana Andi , Syauqi Muhammad Iqbal , Akbar Zico Alaia , Pratomo Uji , Mulyana Jacob Yan , Ivandini Tribidasari A.
Published: November 2024

To improve its photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation properties, a BiVO4 photoanode was integrated with TiO2 modified by Indoline D102 dye and copper(ii) meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (CuTCPP).
A fluorine doped carbon aerogel prepared from the spent cathode carbon of aluminum electrolysis towards electrocatalytic synthesis of H2O2
Authors: Li Zhaoxu , Liu Yu , Zhang Junlang , Yang Chao , Su Xintai , Zhu Chenyuan , Jiang Yongjun , Zhao Wenxin , Zeng Bo , Zhao Chenxi , Huang Xueli , Xie Hongtao , Li Yizhao
Published: November 2024

Fluorine doped carbon aerogels were prepared from spent cathode carbon in aluminum electrolysis and were used for electrocatalytic synthesis of H2O2.
Structural and thermodynamic properties of the Li6PS5Cl solid electrolyte using first-principles calculations
Authors: Ayadi Tarek , Nastar Maylise , Bruneval Fabien
Published: November 2024

Static and dynamic ab initio simulations predict the crystallographic sites, the constant-pressure heat capacity, and the thermodynamical stability at high temperature of Li6PS5Cl, a solid electrolyte actively considered for solid-state batteries.
Unlocking recent progress in niobium and vanadium carbide-based MXenes for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Karuppasamy K. , Veerasubramani Ganesh Kumar , Hiremath Vishwanath , Vikraman Dhanasekaran , Santhoshkumar P. , Karanikolos Georgios N. , Alhammadi Ali Abdulkareem , Kim Hyun-Seok , Alfantazi Akram
Published: November 2024

This review examines the potential capability of Nb–C and VC MXenes as advanced anode materials for enhancing the performance of Na-ion batteries (SIBs). The crucial challenges and future prospects of these SIB electrodes have elaborated in detail.
Enhancing the thermoelectric figure of merit of BiN via polymorphism, pressure, and nanostructuring
Authors: Remesal Elena R. , Posligua Victor , Mahillo-Paniagua Miguel , Glazyrin Konstantin , Sanz Javier Fdez. , Márquez Antonio M. , Plata Jose J.
Published: November 2024

BiN is a promising candidate as thermoelectric material, but many variables need to be optimized. In this work, we maximize its zT based on pressure, temperature, carrier concentration, grain size and polymorphism.
A robust and adhesive anti-swelling hydrophobic ionogel with prolonged stability for strain and temperature sensors
Authors: Zhang Yu , Sun Yuanna , Yang Jiahang , Tian Ruobing , Liu Jiahao , Tang Xueming , Wang Junbo , Li Qingshan
Published: November 2024

With the growing attention given to wearable electronic devices, flexible sensors, as a fundamental component, are emerging as the focal point.
Atomic tuning of 3D printed carbon surface chemistry for electrocatalytic nitrite oxidation and reduction to ammonia
Authors: Gao Wanli , Michalička Jan , Pumera Martin
Published: November 2024

A bifunctional electrode integrating 3D printed carbon materials with atomic layer deposition of TiO2 is developed for electrochemical nitrite oxidation and reduction, providing effective surface engineering for nitrite monitoring and remediation.
Tb(iii)-functionalized MOF hybridized bis-crosslinked networked hydrogel luminescent films for arginine and dopamine hydrochloride sensing and anticounterfeiting
Authors: Pan Jiaxuan , Lu Jiazhen , Shang Yichen , Li Ying , Yan Bing
Published: November 2024

Dopamine and arginine are both important substances in the body and are closely related to human health.
Colossal dielectric permittivity and superparaelectricity in phenyl pyrimidine based liquid crystals
Authors: Panarin Yuri P. , Jiang Wanhe , Yadav Neelam , Sahai Mudit , Tang Yumin , Zeng Xiangbing , Panarina O. E. , Mehl Georg H. , Vij Jagdish K.
Published: November 2024

Synthesized organic fluids with large longitudinal dipole moments are shown to demonstrate superparaelectricity.
Modulation of GeSe and As2Se3 motifs to optimise GeAsSe OTS performance and its mechanism
Authors: Li Yukun , Wang Haotian , Shao Mingyue , Wang Yuhao , Song Sannian , Xue Yuan , Song Zhitang
Published: November 2024

Ovonic threshold switching (OTS) selectors are pivotal in the construction of highly integrated 3D crosspoint array volatile storage systems, necessitating materials with superior electrical properties.
Solidifying the role of hydrogen bonds in conjugated polymers for wearable electronics
Authors: Westwood Megan M. , Schroeder Bob C.
Published: November 2024

Conjugated polymers with hydrogen bonds enable self-healing and stretchability in wearable electronics. This review highlights recent advances, focusing on mechanical properties to guide design, and examines current trends in material properties.
Room-temperature gas sensors based on low-dimensional nanomaterials
Authors: Jang Young-Woo , Jo Jeong-Wan , Park Sung Kyu , Kim Jaehyun
Published: November 2024

We provide a roadmap for room-temperature operable low-dimensional semiconductor-type gas sensors, along with recent trends in their application fields for a comprehensive overview.
Enhanced performance of a Mg2Si/Si heterojunction photodetector grown with the assistance of nanostructures
Authors: Yu Hang , Gou Jun , Zhang Yanshuai , Yang Xiutao , Zhang Gaoyun , Liu Lixin , Yu He , Wu Zhiming , Wang Jun
Published: November 2024

This graph shows a Mg2Si/Si heterojunction photodetector fabricated with the assistance of nanostructures, enabling enhanced optoelectronic performance with a 173–402% improvement in responsivity and a 111–281% improvement in specific detectivity.
A novel deep-blue fluorescent emitter employed as an identical exciplex acceptor for solution-processed multi-color OLEDs
Authors: Pan Jie , Zhang Shiyue , Zhou Zhongxin , Zhao Yongtao , Jin Shujing , Luo Yanju , Zhu Weiguo , Liu Yu
Published: November 2024

BOBTFB, a blue fluorescent emitter has been synthesized, and used as an exciplex accepter which is combined with different donors (TCTA, TAPC, m-MTDATA) to produce emission of different colors (blue, green, yellow, white).
Modifying the liquid crystalline chessboard tiling – soft reticular self-assembly of side-chain fluorinated polyphiles
Authors: Anders Christian , Fischer Virginia-Marie , Tan Tianyi , Alaasar Mohamed , Waldecker Rebecca , Ke Yubin , Cao Yu , Liu Feng , Tschierske Carsten
Published: November 2024

Combining side-chain fluorination with core-fluorination provides access to new liquid crystalline honeycombs due to nano-segregation and competing tilt modes, either within or out of the crystallographic plane.
Viscoplastic photoalignment modeling of asymmetric surface restructuring in azopolymer films by elliptically polarized light
Authors: Tverdokhleb Nina , Audia Biagio , Pagliusi Pasquale , Saphiannikova Marina
Published: November 2024

Accurate reproduction of azopolymer surface restructuring in 2D polarization fields is achieved through viscoplastic photoalignment modeling, provided that the self-induced rotation of elliptically polarized interference patterns is accounted for.
Enhanced vasoconstriction in sickle cell disease is dependent on ETA receptor activation
Authors: Allan John Miller , Fox Brandon M. , Kasztan Malgorzata , Kelly Gillian C. , Molina Patrick A. , King McKenzi A. , Colson Jackson , Wells Leigh , Bowman Latanya , Blackburn Marsha , Kutlar Abdullah , Harris Ryan A. , Pollock David M. , Pollock Jennifer S.
Published: November 2024

Sickle cell disease (SCD) carries a significant risk for poor vascular health and vascular dysfunction. High levels of vascular reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as elevated plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor with actions via the ETA receptor, are both common phenotypes in SCD. Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor activation is a major mediator of stress-induced vasoconstriction. However, the mechanism of the SCD enhanced vasoconstrictive response is unknown. We hypothesized that SCD induces enhanced alpha-1 adrenergic mediated vasoconstriction through the ET-1/ETA receptor pathway in arterial tissues. Utilizing humanized SCD (HbSS) and genetic control (HbAA) mice, alpha-1a, but not alpha-1b or alpha-1d, receptor expression was significantly greater in aortic tissue from HbSS mice compared to HbAA mice. Significantly enhanced vasoconstriction in aortic and carotid arterial segments were observed from HbSS mice compared with HbAA mice. Treatment with ambrisentan, a selective ETA receptor antagonist, and a ROS scavenger normalized the aortic vasoconstrictive response in HbSS mice. In a randomized translational study, patients with SCD were treated with placebo or ambrisentan for 3 months, with the treatment group showing an increase in the percent brachial arterial diameter. Taken together, these data suggest that the ETA receptor pathway interaction with the adrenergic receptor pathway contributes to enhanced aortic vasoconstriction in SCD. Findings indicate the potential of ETA antagonism as a therapeutic avenue for improving vascular health in SCD.
Joint image dehazing and denoising for single haze image enhancement
Authors: Yu Yuting , Bosheng Ding , Huang Shizhao , Cheng Ming , Wang Enliang , Tu Defeng , Tan Linglong
Published: November 2024

Outdoor haze images are typically degraded by noise due to the external environment and imaging equipment. The existing haze image enhancement methods ignore the interrelation between haze and noise, which cannot suppress the noise and remove the haze simultaneously. To address these intractable problems, a dual‐branch architecture that combines dehazing and denoising is proposed here to restore clear images. First, dark channel prior and unsupervised networks in the image dehazing branch to remove the image blur are adopted. Then, the image denoising branch removes the image noise in parallel by constructing a mean/extreme sampler and a self‐supervised network. Finally, a convolutional neural network fusion strategy is presented to fuse output images from the aforementioned two branches to generate the final qualified results. Extensive experiments reveal that the proposed haze image enhancement method outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art methods in terms of peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM).
Spatio‐temporal dynamic navigation for electric vehicle charging using deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Erüst Ali Can , Taşcıkaraoğlu Fatma Yıldız
Published: November 2024

This paper considers the real‐time spatio‐temporal electric vehicle charging navigation problem in a dynamic environment by utilizing a shortest path‐based reinforcement learning approach. In a data sharing system including transportation network, an electric vehicle (EV) and EV charging stations (EVCSs), it is aimed to determine the most convenient EVCS and the optimal path for reducing the travel, charging and waiting costs. To estimate the waiting times at EVCSs, Gaussian process regression algorithm is integrated using a real‐time dataset comprising of state‐of‐charge and arrival‐departure times of EVs. The optimization problem is modelled as a Markov decision process with unknown transition probability to overcome the uncertainties arising from time‐varying variables. A recently proposed on‐policy actor–critic method, phasic policy gradient (PPG) which extends the proximal policy optimization algorithm with an auxiliary optimization phase to improve training by distilling features from the critic to the actor network, is used to make EVCS decisions on the network where EV travels through the optimal path from origin node to EVCS by considering dynamic traffic conditions, unit value of EV owner and time‐of‐use charging price. Three case studies are carried out for 24 nodes Sioux‐Falls benchmark network. It is shown that phasic policy gradient achieves an average of 9% better reward compared to proximal policy optimization and the total time decreases by 7–10% when EV owner cost is considered.
An identical bipolar buck‐boost AC‐AC converter based on a coupled‐inductor with safe‐commutation, high gain, and high efficiency
Authors: Ahmed Hafiz Furqan , Lahooti Eshkevari Alireza , Abdoli Iman
Published: November 2024

This article proposes a new identical bipolar buck‐boost AC‐AC converter with integrated coupled inductors. It possesses all the critical features of a bipolar buck‐boost topology, providing both in‐phase and anti‐phase output voltages. Compared to its counterparts, a high boost factor is achieved without large duty ratios due to using magnetic coupling. Also, a high efficiency is obtained. A unipolar half‐cycle modulation is employed in which only half of the switches of a phase‐leg are modulated per half‐cycle. Therefore, only two out of eight power switches operate at high frequency at any instant, ensuring high‐efficiency operation. The safe‐commutation operation is achieved by completely turning on the auxiliary switches of the main phase leg for a half‐cycle, ensuring a continuous inductor current path during dead times. This results in voltage‐spike‐free operation. Additionally, this converter benefits from continuous input current and performs well with inductive and non‐linear loads. The proposed topology can mitigate both voltage sags and swells due to bipolar operation when employed as a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). Its high boost factor helps compensate for deep voltage sags (above 50%). This article presents the detailed theoretical aspects of the proposed topology, followed by experimental verifications on laboratory‐built hardware.