bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Archaeological Investigations at the Ikirahak Site Raise Questions Concerning Taltheilei Land Use in Southern Nunavut
Authors: Butler Don H. , Pickering Sean J. , Dawson Peter C.
Published: December 2019

We report a new Taltheilei site-type found off the west coast of Hudson Bay in southern Nunavut. The Taltheilei is an archaeological culture that existed in the Barrenlands of the central Canadian Subarctic between 2600 and 300 years ago. Their land use strategies were tethered to the seasonal migrations of the Beverly and Qamanirjuaq caribou herds throughout tundra and forest landscapes. Tundra-based sites are typically interpreted as short-lived summer camps, but our discovery of three unique pit-house sites on the shores of Maguse Lake raises new questions concerning diversity in Taltheilei tundra land use. Architectural, faunal, lithic, and geoarchaeological data recovered from the Ikirahak site (JjKs-7) support the hypothesis that Taltheilei groups were extending their tundra stays into the fall. We report the evidence from four excavated pit-house features. Terraced platforms along the internal perimeters of these houses suggest they were designed for cold season use. The faunal assemblage is dominated by caribou remains. Higher relative frequencies of appendicular elements suggest a focus on secondary butchering. A large fraction of the faunal assemblage is highly fragmented and calcined, which is consistent with heavy processing and the use of bone as an alternative fuel source. Higher frequencies of lithic debris around dwelling floor perimeters are suggestive of maintenance activities. Multi-element concentrations in dwelling and site-wide sediments also show that hearth refuse was dumped outside. These findings seem to reflect longer tundra occupations during fall, a land use strategy that was likely guided by Qamanirjuaq herd behaviour specific to the Maguse Lake area, fall hunting and processing goals, and ecologically couched mobility logistics. As just four pit-houses from one Taltheilei camp have been investigated to date, our understanding of these places within Taltheilei worlds and northern socio-ecologies is currently limited. Further research at Ikirahak, the other Maguse Lake pit-house sites, and at other caribou water crossings on the tundra of the Qamanirjuaq caribou range is needed to support or refute our hypotheses.
Ramsey income taxation in a small open economy with trade in capital goods
Authors: Tang Jenn-Hong
Published: December 2019

In this paper, the optimal taxation problem in a small open economy with international trade in capital or investment goods is investigated. The monopolistic power of a small open economy over the terms of trade causes distortions in consumption and investment. The results suggest that due to the external distortion in investment, the long-run optimal capital income tax could be positive under the baseline calibration, and it is increasing in the degree of investment openness and decreasing in the elasticity of substitution between domestic and foreign goods. The long-run optimal labor income tax exhibits the opposite relationships with the openness and elasticity parameters. During the course of business cycles, the fluctuations in the external distortions cause the optimal labor income tax to be more volatile and the optimal capital income tax to be less volatile than their closed-economy counterparts.
Der Zwang zur Tragödie
Authors: Heller Jonas
Published: December 2019

The concept of the political in Carl Schmitt’s works is not only defined by the distinction between friend and enemy, but also by the criterion of breaching the rules in a normatively unbound act of decision. According to Schmitt, this decision is, however, not arbitrary, but provoked by the necessity of a historical situation. This aspect of necessity calls the freedom of the decision into question and leads to tensions within Schmitt’s theory of the political. More explicitly than in Schmitt’s political and legal writings, this conflict between freedom and necessity is exposed in his theory of tragedy. In a reading of his book Hamlet or Hecuba, published in 1956, I will show, in a first step, how the act of breaching the rules is not external to normativity, but occurs from within normativity itself. It is the act of self-breaching – of breaking the rules of its own genre – by which, according to Schmitt, modern tragedy is defined. This breach, however, is compelled by the necessity of a real, i. e. extraliterary, event. In a second step, I will expound on how this idea of self-breaching, which also characterises Schmitt’s understanding of the political, leads to a loss of decision which not only questions his idea of sovereignty, but also topples his concept of the political.
Peer victimization, depression, and sexual risk behaviors among high school youth in the United States: a gender-based approach
Authors: Kim Youn Kyoung , Yu Mansoo , Cronley Courtney , Yang Miyoun
Published: December 2019

Background and objectives

Little research has examined how different types of peer victimization (i.e. school bullying, cyber-bullying, and physical and sexual dating violence) predict sexual risk behaviors and how depression may mediate the relationship of such behaviors with types of peer victimization. Few works have investigated gender differences in these direct and indirect associations as well. This study, therefore, examined gender differences in the direct and indirect associations among four types of peer victimization, depression, and sexual risk behaviors in United States (US) high school students.

Materials and methods

Data were drawn from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior System Survey, collected by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A multigroup path analysis was conducted using a national sample of high school students who reported having ever engaged in sexual intercourse (n = 5,288).

Results

All the peer victimization variables positively predicted depressive symptoms for both females and males. The direct effects of physical and sexual dating violence were associated with increased sexual risk behaviors for females and males. However, school-bullying victimization did not significantly predict sexual risk behaviors for either gender. Cyber-bullying victimization significantly predicted increased sexual risk behaviors for males only. Among indirect effects, depression positively mediated the relationship between cyber-bullying victimization and sexual risk behaviors for males only.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that male adolescents who are victimized may actually be at higher risk of negative outcomes compared to their female adolescent peers. This study highlights the need to pay attention to male victims who may be ashamed to self-identify and difficult to detect in cyber-bullying.
Advanced materials for flexible solar cell applications
Authors: Zhu Rui , Zhang Zhongwei , Li Yulong
Published: December 2019

The solar power is one of the most promising renewable energy resources, but the high cost and complicated preparation technology of solar cells become the bottleneck of the wide application in many fields. The most important parameter for solar cells is the conversion efficiency, while at the same time more efficient preparation technologies and flexible structures should also be taken under significant consideration [1]. Especially with the rapid development of wearable devices, people are looking forward to the applications of solar cell technology in various areas of life. In this article the flexible solar cells, which have gained increasing attention in the field of flexibility in recent years, are introduced. The latest progress in flexible solar cells materials and manufacturing technologies is overviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of different manufacturing processes are systematically discussed.
Preparation of low-permittivity K2O–B2O3–SiO2–Al2O3 composites without the addition of glass
Authors: Shang Yong , Zhong Chaowei , Jia Ruonan , Xiong Huajing , Li Hao , Li Xinyuan , Jian Xian
Published: December 2019

In the field of low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC), it remains a challenge to design the performance of LTCC with low permittivity less than 5. Here, the K2O– B2O3–SiO2–Al2O3composites are prepared without the preparation of prior glass. Meanwhile, the factors of the CaO content on microstructure, phase structure and properties of the composites are considered systematically. The crystal structure measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that there are quartz and alumina as the crystal phases. The results reveals that the tailoring CaO content benefits sintering densification, low dielectric loss, great mechanical properties and low thermal expansion coefficient. As CaO content increases up to 2.8 wt%, the composites sintered at 850∘C have a dielectric constant of 4.94 and tanδof 8 × 10−4at 1 MHz, thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) of 8.5 ppm/∘C, and flexural strength of 150 MPa. As the mass fraction of CaO increases up to 3.2 wt%, the maximum flexural strength of 173MPa is achieved. The above study provides an effective approach for preparing the novel composites as a promising candidate for LTCC applications.
Outliers and misleading leverage effect in asymmetric GARCH-type models
Authors: Carnero M. Angeles , Pérez Ana
Published: December 2019

This paper illustrates how outliers can affect both the estimation and testing of leverage effect by focusing on the TGARCH model. Three estimation methods are compared through Monte Carlo experiments: Gaussian Quasi-Maximum Likelihood, Quasi-Maximum Likelihood based on the Student-t likelihood and Least Absolute Deviation method. The empirical behavior of the t-ratio and the Likelihood Ratio tests for the significance of the leverage parameter is also analyzed. Our results put forward the unreliability of Gaussian Quasi-Maximum Likelihood methods in the presence of outliers. In particular, we show that one isolated outlier could hide true leverage effect whereas two consecutive outliers bias the estimated leverage coefficient in a direction that crucially depends on the sign of the first outlier and could lead to wrongly reject the null of no leverage effect or to estimate asymmetries of the wrong sign. By contrast, we highlight the good performance of the robust estimators in the presence of one isolated outlier. However, when there are patches of outliers, our findings suggest that the sizes and powers of the tests as well as the estimated parameters based on robust methods may still be distorted in some cases. We illustrate these results with two series of daily returns.
Multistability Control of Hysteresis and Parallel Bifurcation Branches through a Linear Augmentation Scheme
Authors: Fozin T. Fonzin , Leutcho G. D. , Kouanou A. Tchagna , Tanekou G. B. , Kengne R. , Kengne J. , Pelap F. B.
Published: December 2019

Multistability analysis has received intensive attention in recently, however, its control in systems with more than two coexisting attractors are still to be discovered. This paper reports numerically the multistability control of five disconnected attractors in a self-excited simplified hyperchaotic canonical Chua’s oscillator (hereafter referred to as SHCCO) using a linear augmentation scheme. Such a method is appropriate in the case where system parameters are inaccessible. The five distinct attractors are uncovered through the combination of hysteresis and parallel bifurcation techniques. The effectiveness of the applied control scheme is revealed through the nonlinear dynamical tools including bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov’s exponent spectrum, phase portraits and a cross section basin of attractions. The results of such numerical investigations revealed that the asymmetric pair of chaotic and periodic attractors which were coexisting with the symmetric periodic one in the SHCCO are progressively annihilated as the coupling parameter is increasing. Monostability is achieved in the system through three main crises. First, the two asymmetric periodic attractors are annihilated through an interior crisis after which only three attractors survive in the system. Then, comes a boundary crisis which leads to the disappearance of the symmetric attractor in the system. Finally, through a symmetry restoring crisis, a unique symmetric attractor is obtained for higher values of the control parameter and the system is now monostable.
Photoelectrochemistry of Ferrites: Theoretical Predictions vs. Experimental Results
Authors: Ulpe Anna C. , Bauerfeind Katharina C.L. , Granone Luis I. , Arimi Arsou , Megatif Lena , Dillert Ralf , Warfsmann Sven , Taffa Dereje H. , Wark Michael , Bahnemann Detlef W. , Bredow Thomas
Published: December 2019

This paper gives an overview about recent theoretical and experimental work on electronic and optical properties of spinel ferritesMFe2O4. These compounds have come into focus of research due to their possible application as photocatalyst material for photoelectrochemical water splitting. The theoretical background of state-of-the-art quantum-chemical approaches applied for predicting electronic and optical band gaps, absolute band positions, optical absorption spectra, dielectric functions and Raman spectra, is briefly reviewed. Recent applications of first-principles methods on magnetic and electronic properties of ferrites withM= Mg and the first row of subgroup elements Sc to Zn are presented, where it is shown that the fundamental band gap is strongly dependent on the spin state and the degree of inversion of the spinel structure. The observed variation of electronic properties may serve as an explanation for the large scattering of experimental results. The exchange ofMand Fe cations has also a pronounced effect on the Raman spectra of ferrites, which is analyzed at atomic scale from first principles. Calculated optical absorption spectra of ferrites are compared to experimental spectra. The electronic nature of the first excitations and the role of oxygen vacancies are discussed. For the calculation of absolute band positions, which have a significant impact on the photoelectrochemical activity of the ferrites, models of the most stable ferrite surfaces are developed that take into account their polar nature and the interaction with the solvent. Theoretically predicted valence and conduction band edges are compared to results from electrochemical measurements. The role of cation exchange on the surface electronic structure is investigated both theoretically and experimentally.
Co3O4/BiVO4 Heterostructures for Photochemical Water Oxidation: The Role of Synthesis Parameters and Preparation Route for the Physico-Chemical Properties and the Catalytic Activity
Authors: Heimann Manuel , Friedel Ortega Klaus , Behrens Malte
Published: December 2019

The synthesis conditions of the semiconductor BiVO4 have marked influence on its physicochemical and photocatalytic properties. In this work, a pH-controlled co-precipitation route was systematically investigated. Special attention was paid to the pH value during co-precipitation and co-precipitate post-treatment. In a sacrificial photocatalytic water oxidation test, the highest activity was observed for a sample precipitated at pH = 1 and 70 °C, which was post treated at 600 °C in air for 3 h after washing and drying. The activity was further improved by another 90% by the addition of the Co3O4-based co-catalyst. Good synergy between semiconductor and co-catalyst was obtained for the deposition of pre-formed nanoparticles at a loading of 0.1 w% (physical impregnation). The effects of different synthesis conditions of the semiconductor and impregnation method for the co-catalyst on the structure, morphology and optical properties of the catalysts were investigated by PXRD, SEM, UV-vis spectroscopy, and TEM, while the water oxidation activity was compared in the dark and with the aid of visible light using cerium (IV) or silver (I) as sacrificial agents, respectively, with the aim of establishing structure-activity correlations. The roles of semiconductor particle anisotropy and co-catalyst particle distribution for optimal photo-activity in the oxygen evolution reaction are discussed.
Trajectories and Predictors of Functional Capacity Decline in Older Adults From a Brazilian Northeastern Hospital
Authors: Menezes Karla V. R. S. , Auger Claudine , Barbosa Juliana F. S. , Gomes Cristiano S. , Menezes Weslley R. S. , Guerra Ricardo O.
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose:

Older adults face increased risk of loss of functional capacity both before and during hospitalization, so identifying older adults at risk for loss in functional capacity during hospitalization would help researchers and clinicians make informed decisions. This study aims to evaluate functional changes from preadmission (baseline) until discharge of hospitalized older adults and identify predictors of loss in functional capacity.

Methods:

This is a prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Natal, Brazil, and enrolled all consecutive patients aged 60 years and older between January 1, 2014, and April 30, 2015. Independent variables included personal characteristics, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) (evaluated by the Lawton and Brody scale), cognition (evaluated by the Leganés cognitive test), depression (assessed by the Geriatric Depression Scale—15), and in-hospital mobility (evaluated by the Short Physical Performance Battery). The dependent variable functional capacity was assessed by the Katz scale. These instruments were applied at 2 different times: upon admission (within first 24 hours) and at discharge (12-24 hours before). Functional trajectories were defined as the course of functioning from preadmission until discharge using functional capacity data. A multivariate analysis with generalized estimating equation estimated the longitudinal changes in functional capacity.

Results and Discussion:

The final sample consisted of 1191 older adults and 53.9% were less than 70 years of age. Regarding changes in functional capacity, 52.5% of the older adults presented worse functional capacity at discharge than at baseline. Being dependent for IADL instrumental daily living activities, the presence of depressive symptoms, low levels of cognition, and in-hospital mobility were risk factors for greater loss in functional capacity during a hospitalization event.

Conclusion:

Hospitalization events may be catastrophic for functional capacity in older adults in Brazil. Functional, cognitive, and emotional status and in-hospital mobility must be carefully assessed at hospital admission and monitored during hospitalization. Effective strategies for preventing loss in functional capacity in older people must improve in the Brazilian hospital system.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Has a Transsynaptic Trophic Effect on Neural Activity in an Adult Forebrain Circuit
Authors: Miller Kimberly E. , Wood William E. , Brenowitz Eliot A. , Perkel David J.
Published: December 2019

While hormone-driven plasticity in the adult brain is well studied, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are less well understood. One example of this is seasonal plasticity in the avian brain, where song nuclei exhibit hormonally driven changes in response to changing photoperiod and circulating sex steroid hormones. Hormone receptor activation in song nucleus HVC (proper name) elicits a robust change in activity in target nucleus RA (robust nucleus of the arcopallium), but the molecular signal responsible for this is unknown. This study addressed whether brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mediates a transsynaptic effect from HVC to RA in male Gambel's white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii).In situhybridization confirmed an increase in BDNF expression in HVC neurons of birds switched to a long-day (LD) photoperiod plus systemically elevated testosterone (T) levels, compared with short-day (SD) conditions. BDNF expression was virtually absent in RA neurons of SD birds, increasing to barely detectable levels in a small subset of cells in LD+T birds. Infusion of BDNF protein adjacent to the RA of SD birds caused an increase in the spontaneous neuron firing rate. Conversely, the infusion of ANA12, a specific antagonist of the tyrosine-related kinase B (TrkB) for BDNF, prevented the increase in RA neuron firing rate in LD+T birds. These results indicate that BDNF is sufficient, and TrkB receptor activation is necessary, for the transsynaptic trophic effect exerted by HVC on RA. The dramatic change in the activity of RA neurons during the breeding season provides a clear example of transsynaptic BDNF effects in the adult brain in a functionally relevant circuit.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSex steroid hormones drive changes in brain circuits in all vertebrates, both within specific neurons and on their synaptic targets. Such changes can lead to profound changes in behavior, but little is known about the precise molecular mechanisms that underlie this process. We addressed this question in a seasonally breeding songbird and found that the trophic effects of one forebrain song nucleus on its target are mediated transsynaptically by the neurotrophin BDNF. This suggests that, in addition to their role in development, neurotrophins have critical roles in adult brain plasticity.
ART FOR CHANGE: Transformative learning and youth empowerment in a changing climate
Authors: Bentz Julia , O’Brien Karen
Published: December 2019

Young people represent a powerful force for social change, and they have an important role to play in climate change responses. However, empowering young people to be “systems changers” is not straightforward. It is particularly challenging within educational systems that prioritize instrumental learning over critical thinking and creative actions. History has shown that by creating novel spaces for reflexivity and experimentation, the arts have played a role in shifting mindsets and opening up new political horizons. In this paper, we explore the role of art as a driver for societal transformation in a changing climate and consider how an experiment with change can facilitate reflection on relationships between individual change and systems change. Following a review of the literature on transformations, transformative learning and the role of art, we describe an experiment with change carried out with students at an Art High School in Lisbon, Portugal, which involved choosing one sustainable behavior and adopting it for 30 days. A transformative program encouraged regular reflection and group discussions. During the experiment, students started developing an art project about his or her experience with change. The results show that a transformative learning approach that engages students with art can support critical thinking and climate change awareness, new perspectives and a sense of empowerment. Experiential, arts-based approaches also have the potential to create direct and indirect effects beyond the involved participants. We conclude that climate-related art projects can serve as more than a form of science communication. They represent a process of opening up imaginative spaces where audiences can move more freely and reconsider the role of humans as responsible beings with agency and a stake in sustainability transformations.
Original hardware-software method for treatment of infected superficial wounds in a liquid environment
Authors: Basov Aleksandr A. , Malyshko Vadim V. , Elkina Anna A. , Moiseev Arkadiy V. , Dzhimak Stepan S.
Published: December 2019

Aim ― development of a hardware-software system allowing to treat infected superficial wounds in a liquid environment, designed to provide continuous flow of various irrigation solutions (depending on the wound healing stage) under airtight and water-resistant film tightly fixed over the wound. Methods ― in this experiment wound irrigation with antiseptic, oxidizing antiseptic and osmotically active agents with subsequent exposure and drainage was performed using the novel device. Efficacy of the proposed hardware-software system was evaluated by comparing it with standard wound dressings by planimetry and wound biopsy results. Results ― according to study results the novel device reduces the time of wound healing by 26.1%, while the time to wound proliferation is 1.7 times shorter when compared with standard wound dressings. Conclusion ― the proposed method stimulates wound repair and limits purulent inflammation in infected wounds. Using the novel method of superficial wound management helps to prevent the development of re-infection and suppuration.
Influence of GSTP1 gene polymorhism on decreased semen quality
Authors: Myandina Galina I. , Hasan Alhejoj , Azova Madina M. , Tarasenko Ekaterina V. , Kulchenko Nina G.
Published: December 2019

Background ― Genetic polymorphisms analysis of metabolic and antioxidant systems pathway genes are associated with male infertility is the most perspective and developed field in andrology. Purpose ― the aim of the research is to reveal the association of the glutathione S-transferase gene GSTP1 polymorphism C/T (rs1138272) with risk of pathospermia in Russian men in Moscow region. Material and Methods ― Case control study was conducted on 68 fertile men and 70 infertile men with various forms of pathospermia. Sperm analysis was performed according to WHO guidelines (WHO, 2010). DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. Genotyping of the GSTP1 gene polymorphisms was carried out by generated amplicons from melting curve analysis after real time PCR. Results ― statistically significant association of polymorphism GSTP1 C/T (Ala/Val; rs1138272) with asthenozoospermia (χ2=8.58, p=0.003) and teratospermia (χ2=6.81, p=0.009) risk was found. The frequencies of homozygous and heterozygous carries (CT+TT genotypes) for polymorphic locus GSTP1 gene (rs1138272) are 3 times higher for men with disturbance of motility of spermatozoa and 2.5 times higher for men with abnormalities in morphology of spermatozoa, then for men with normozoospermia. Conclusion ― The GSTP1 C>T polymorphism (rs1138272) associated with risk of teratospermia and asthenozoospermia in male of reproductive age.
El deseo y su fingimiento: análisis de las relaciones intersubjetivas en 'Sucedió una noche' de Frank Capra
Authors: Gracia Gómez Alfonso A.
Published: December 2019

El siguiente artículo analiza la trama de la película de 1934 Sucedió una noche, de Frank Capra, un auténtico emblema dentro del género cinematográfico de la comedia romántica. En ella, los protagonistas consiguen superar los obstáculos que se les ofrecen en su camino gracias al fingimiento de una relación, la marital, que finalmente acabará por hacerse efectiva. Recordando una famosa sentencia lacaniana, según la cual los seres humanos «fingen que fingen», se analizará la trama ideada por Capra con el objeto de ir mentando los pasos que secuencian tales fingimientos. Estos dan orden a un proceso de madurez en el que los personajes llegarán a ser lo que representan, evidenciando la naturaleza sexual del deseo que los había impulsado a unir sus respectivos caminos.
Entre el papel y la cámara. Dos conceptos duales de la novelística unamuniana en la literatura y en el cine
Authors: Cantero María Paula
Published: December 2019

Este trabajo aborda la transposición de la problemática identidad de los personajes de Miguel de Unamuno de una dimensión textual a otra fílmica. Más específicamente, se analiza el motivo de la dualidad en la construcción de dos de sus novelas y en dos de sus adaptaciones cinematográficas. Primero, se estudian las herramientas literarias de Niebla (1914) y los recursos fílmicos de una adaptación del director José Jara para expresar la dualidad yo-otro; luego, se analiza La tía Tula (1921) y la adaptación que hizo el director Miguel Picazo en torno al binomio mujer madre-mujer virgen. Así, podemos valorar la obra de uno de los autores más reconocidos de la literatura universal desde dos códigos distintos que buscan generar un mismo efecto: presentar una lucha de contrarios.
Francisco Umbral: Las negritas de la libertad
Authors: De Buron-Brun Bénédicte
Published: December 2019

El nombre hace al hombre. Recogiendo el tópico y desafiando las normas tipográficas Francisco Umbral (FU) con sus negritas desgranó día a día quién fue quién en España y allende sus fronteras desde su crónica diaria iniciada en El País a mediados de los años 70. Las negritas de Umbral, que luego crearon escuela, despertaron admiración y envidia entre los políticos, los famosos y los famosillos de la jet-set o del mundo del espectáculo que se desvivieron por figurar entre “las letras de oro” de sus columnas; Una columna que no fue sino el telón de fondo del Gran Teatro del Mundo, por cuyo escenario resplandecieron sus negritas o el fulgor de la letra impresa, y que dio vida a la Comedia humana balzaciana/umbraliana. Por ella pasó, fugaz, la vida política, cultural y social, con las variaciones laudativas o despectivas de los cinco presidentes democráticos que siguió paso a paso FU hasta su muerte en 2007: Adolfo Suárez, Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo, Felipe González, José María Aznar y José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero. FU nos imparte una clase magistral de Historia de España con un estilo insuperado hasta la fecha en la que destacan tanto el ojo avizor del periodista como la reflexión política.
Categoría estética, reflejo psicosocial: sobre el fragmento y lo fragmentario en Frankenstein de Mary Shelley
Authors: Bittencourt Sarmiento Amanda
Published: December 2019

Este artículo trata de relacionar, por un lado, la novela Frankenstein de la autora inglesa Mary Shelley con el contexto sociocultural ––principalmente artístico y filosófico–– en el que fue concebida, atendiendo particularmente al surgimiento de una categoría estético-epistemológica que, según expondremos, marcó el entendimiento de los autores y creadores respecto a la realidad circundante: el fragmento. Por otro lado, tratamos de acercarnos a la figura de la autora como una herramienta de comprensión acerca de qué manera el fragmento –entendido en este caso como reflejo de índole más bien psicosocial– es pieza clave para construir un retrato completo de los personajes principales de Frankenstein.
Recepción cronológica de la crítica literaria sobre Cuentos malévolos (1904)
Authors: Delgado Del Aguila Jesús Miguel
Published: December 2019

Cuentos malévolos (1904), libro de Clemente Palma, revela un tópico constante, basado en lo terrorífico, propio del romanticismo. Asimismo, aquella preferencia del autor se le atribuye a su filiación con Édgar Allan Poe, quien construyó discursos caracterizados por la configuración apocalíptica de personajes, situaciones y ambientes que desecadenaban lo irracional y lo paranormal. Desde la publicación del compendio del escritor peruano, la exégesis literaria se ha manifestado a través de reseñas y prólogos. Sin embargo, en un segundo momento, se han realizado artículos y libros que investigan el contenido desarrollado en esta obra. Este procedimiento de recepción de la hermenéutica es lo que prevalezco en este estudio, considerando que el propósito principal es identificar los lineamientos persistentes que plantea la crítica literaria, con la finalidad de instaurar vertientes temáticas que contribuyan a la comprensión del texto y la generación de investigaciones posteriores, distinguidas por su delimitación y su originalidad.
Literatura y ciencia en la composición minimalista: Hacia una teoría del azar controlado
Authors: Cureses Marta
Published: December 2019

Literatura y ciencia son los dos pilares fundamentales sobre los que se trata aquí de definir una teoría del azar controlado en la composición minimalista y de signo aleatorio. Junto a la literatura -prosa y poesía- y ciencia -matemáticas y música- surge otra disciplina que forma parte del proceso: la arquitectura; no en una definición generalista, sino desde el planteamiento concreto que propone Peter Eisenmann en su teoría de la arquitectura como texto.
Cultura textovisual, hibridación y dialogismo en la obra de Albert Soloviev
Authors: Calvo Revilla Ana
Published: December 2019

Desafiando los cauces filológicos tradicionales, el microrrelato se ensancha en la red más allá de la escritura; aglutina la iconicidad de los medios de comunicación de masas y ensambla los materiales literarios con los procedentes de otros sistemas de significación no lingüística (fotográfico, pictórico, musical, audiovisual, etc.) e integra distintas textualidades y manifestaciones artísticas. La pluralidad significativa amplía la resonancia estética del imaginario cultural y enfatiza el dialogismo, la intertextualidad, la intermedialidad, el hibridismo y la ambigüedad; el lectoespectador está ante una experiencia poliartística y multisensorial, donde las palabras, al engranarse con otras formas artísticas, adquieren una nueva dimensión narrativa y estética.
Lithuanian science courses in Vilnius and traces of mathematics in them
Authors: Banionis Juozas
Published: December 2019

Lithuania and sheds light on attempts by the Lithuanian public to revive higher education studies in Vilnius from 1919 to 1921. According to the remaining sets of documents it is possible to testify about the existing traces of mathematics in the projects of the restored Vilnius University or organized higher education courses.
About simple philosophy of solving even simpler yet interesting geometry problems
Authors: Kašuba Romualdas , Mazėtis Edmundas
Published: December 2019

Geometry problems are important for training of the mind, imagination and other highly valuable human abilities, however, dealing with geometry tasks is remarkably diﬃcult even for the brightest students. There do not exist, as it seems, universal methods enabling one to solve all or even most of geometry problems. The authors share their life-long experience about some methods of approaching problems, which, when done properly, make some diﬃcult problems not so diﬃcult.
On the Existence of Functions being Univalent in Half-plane together with their Derivatives
Authors: Kirjackis J.
Published: December 2019

In articles [1]-[3] a class of functions being univalent in unit disc with all their derivatives was investigated. It was proved such functions exist and must be the entire functions of exponential type. The example of such a function is an exponential function f(z) = ez. In this work the question on existence of functions, beeing univalent in half-plane with all their derivatives was raised and the negative answer to such question was given.
Some Aspects of the Inverse Problem of Determination of Cr^(4+) :YAG Absorption Cross Sections Using Experimental Data of Transmission
Authors: Dement’ev A. , Navakas R.
Published: December 2019

Mathematical modelling of nonlinear transmission of Cr4+:YAG crystals excited by Nd:YAG laser pulses of different duration are reported. Numerical simulation of transmission using a five-level scheme which included finite excitation lifetimes in Cr4+:YAG, focusing and diffraction of transversely nonhomogeneous pump radiation allowed to specify more precisely the limits of applicability of the four-level model. Critical analysis of typical simplifications commonly used for solving an inverse problem of determination of absorption cross sections is undertaken. It is shown that some of these assumptions that seem plausible enough might lead to considerable deviations of the determined absorption cross sections from their “true” values. A technique for determination of confidence intervals in case of the nonlinear regression is emphasized.
Representation Formula for Solutions of Eikonal Type Equations
Authors: Gudynas Gintautas
Published: December 2019

Equations of an eikonal type ones arise in many areas of applications, including optics, fluid mechanics, material sciences, and control theory. This article investigates the representation formula for semiconcave solutions of the boundary problem for eikonal type equation. The formula is given by forming envelope of some fundamental solutions of the equation. Using these fundamental solutions we obtain the representation formula for solutions of Cauchy problem for appropriate Hamilton – Jacobi equation.
Dissolved Oxygen Balance Model for Neris
Authors: Gaudenta
Published: December 2019

We consider a dissolved oxygen balance model for Neris, which includes biochemical oxygen demand, nitrification, sedimentation, algae respiration and photosynthesis. The load from point sources, tributaries and distributed sources are taken into account. Long-term systematic components such as drift and seasonal components are analysed by applying time series analysis.

The model is adapted according to the State Environmental Monitoring, and source data of controlled pollution covering the period 1978-1998.
Computer Simulation of Amperometric Biosensor Response to Mixtures of Compounds
Authors: Baronas R. , Christensen J. , Ivanauskas F. , Kulys J.
Published: December 2019

A mathematical model of amperometric biosensors has been developed. The model bases on non-stationary diffusion equations containing a non-linear term related to Michaelis-Menten kinetic of the enzymatic reaction. The model describes the biosensor response to mixtures of multiple compounds in two regimes of analysis: batch and flow injection. Using computer simulation, large amount of biosensor response data were synthesised for calibration of a biosensor array to be used for characterization of wastewater. The computer simulation was carried out using the finite difference technique.
On Solvability of the Boundary Value Problems for the Multidimensional Elliptic Systems of Partial Equations
Authors: Paliokas E.
Published: December 2019

The investigation of a question of solvability boundary value problems for elliptic partial systems is presented. Attention is paid to differences in case of two independent variables and of multidimensional one.
PC Cluster Possibilities in Mathematical Modeling in Quantum Mechanical Molecular Computations
Authors: Rakauskas R. J. , Šulskus J. , Vošterienė S.
Published: December 2019

We present the PC cluster built in the Department of Applied Sciences of Lithuanian Military Academy. The structure of the cluster is described and the performance is evaluated by solving of linear algebra testing tasks and nonlinear quantum chemistry molecular electronic structure computations.
Energetics as Self-Organized System: Methodological Aspects
Authors: Šiugždaitė R. , Norvaišas S.
Published: December 2019

In the article we propose new decision support tools for region energetics development. The method is based on analysing complex system’s state and comparing it with the self-organized criticality (SOC) class that characterize the long-term system’s stability. We start with urban system modelling using cellular automata (CA) with the best fit to real data and then we raise hypothesis about adequacy of urban and energetics system elements distribution. The urban data analysis shows that it is in SOC state for wide rank of countries. We calculate required parameters for energetics system, which are used in decision making for the system long-term development.
Comparison of 2-D and 3-D Diode-Pumped Solid-State Laser Cooling Models
Authors: Dabulytė J. , Ivanauskas F.
Published: December 2019

We propose a cooler of a laser material which compensates the thermal gradients caused by the pump radiation by the gradients created by the cooler. The mathematical model of the system is based on the numerical solution of the heat transfer equation using a finite - difference technique. The 3-D and 2-D computer simulations were used to investigate the cooling problem and show the reliability of two-dimensional model.
Numerical Analysis of Time-Accurate Solution of Nonlinear Flow Models by Implicit Finite Differences
Authors: Dey S. K.
Published: December 2019

Implicit finite differences are often applied to solve flow models. A standard technique to solve these equations is Newton's method. lf time step is too large although the difference equation could be computationally stable, Newton's method may fail, and PFI (perturbed functional iterations) may be fruitful. This is discussed in this article applying nonlinear D-mapping analysis.
Analysis of One Model of the Immune System
Authors: Kavaliauskas A.
Published: December 2019

The article deals with development of a tumor in the cylindrical space. A model with two parameters – lymphocytes and tumor cells – described in [1] is taken as a base of the research. Some generalization of the model is done. The research, results of which are described in [2, 3], was continued. The relationship between the surface and volumetric tumor cells of classical forms is obtained. It turns out, that even in general case the trivial stationary point is of a saddle type.The article particularly deals with the development of a cylindrical tumor. It is considered, that lymphocytes and the medical intervention (chemotherapy or irradiation) keeps down the cell fission of the tumor. Some special parameter is introduced to indicate the influence of the medical cure. In respect of that parameter the bifurcation values of the system are surveyed using the theory of [1, 4]. Some results of the survey are tested with the help of the software package MAPLE.
Numerical Analysis of Short Pulse Optical Parametric Amplification Using Type I Phase Matching
Authors: Dement’ev A. , Vrublevskaja O. , Girdauskas V. , Kazragytė R.
Published: December 2019

The possibilities of efficient amplification and additional shortening of faster moving short fundamental harmonic pulses by the more slowly moving longer second harmonic pulses for type I phase matching are numerically analyzed for initially collimated axially symmetric beams, taking into account diffraction, group velocity mismatch and dispersion of the pulses.
Features and Partial Derivatives of Bertalanffy-Richards Growth Model in Forestry
Authors: Lei Y. C. , Zhang S. Y.
Published: December 2019

The Bertalanffy-Richards growth model is employed more than any other models for forest growth and yield modelling. However, its features have not completely been recognised. As a result, misunderstanding of the model still appears in some papers published in forest journals. A study by [1] is cited here as an evidence of the misunderstanding. This paper tries to explain different features of the Bertalanffy-Richards growth model based on the different conditions of the allometric parameter and introduces an assessment software to easily get the partial derivatives with respect to each parameter when more complex techniques (e.g., the Marquardt method) are employed to estimate parameters of any nonlinear models. This paper indicates that [1] study appears some unreasonable evidences of nonlinear growth models from a forestry perspective.
Determination of the Distribution of the Relaxation Times from Dielectric Spectra
Authors: Macutkevic J. , Banys J. , Matulis A.
Published: December 2019

The dielectric susceptibility measurements are usually interpreted in terms of the relaxation times of various dynamical processes. Using the simple examples of the simulated spectra it is shown how the distribution of these relaxation times can be obtained by means of the integral equations solved with the Tikhonov regularization technique, and the criteria for the choice of the regularization parameter is discussed.
The Optimization Process of Elimination Sediment from the Pipe by Impact Load
Authors: Doroševas V. , Volkovas V.
Published: December 2019

The article deals with dynamics of a heterogeneous system of two cylindrical surfaces with different physical and mechanical qualities, which are impacted by shock load. An effective method was suggested for optimization process of elimination sediment from pipe as the result of theoretical studies. This method allows transforming a heterogeneous system of pipe into a homogeneous system, which preserves its functional purpose. Shock impact is applied for transformation, which is optimized according to the suggested qualitative criteria of the transformation process and removing sediment from pipe.
Finite Difference Solution Methods for a System of the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations
Authors: Kurtinaitis A. , Ivanauskas F.
Published: December 2019

This paper investigates finite difference schemes for solving a system of the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equations. Several types of schemes, including explicit, implicit, Hopscotch-type and Crank-Nicholson-type are defined. Cubic spline interpolation is used for solving time-shifting part of equations. The numerical results of the different solution methods are compared using two analytical invariant properties.
The Structure Modeling of Material Composed of the Orthotropic Crystals
Authors: Dabulytė J. , Ivanauskas F. , Skakauskas V. , Barauskas R.
Published: December 2019

In this paper the model of a elastic composite medium which consists of a matrix containing a set of orthotropic crystals with the random orientation of the anisotropy axes is presented. The axes orientation is described by the Gauss distribution. The numerical investigation is proposed for rectangular plate, when the normal strains are given in the one side. Other sides are free of strain. The finite - difference technique is used for model discretization.
Reflection of the Religious Situation in the World View of Russian Native Speakers
Authors: Kravcova Liudmila
Published: December 2019

The article documents the changing perceptions of the global religious landscape among Russian native speakers by analysing changes in the number of Russian nouns denoting the religious affiliation of the people they refer to. The research is based on the comparison of the Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language of the Early 21st Century – Contemporary Vocabulary, edited by G. N. Sklyarevskaya, and Ozhegov’s Dictionary, one of the most popular dictionaries of the Soviet period.The article also suggests reasons for the absence of certain lexicons in the dictionary of the Soviet era. Words denoting practitioners of Islam are one of the main focal points of this study. The ascending role of Islam in global politics, and the increasing attention paid to schisms within this religion, have created a demand for precise definitions of the various concepts of Islam. To capture this linguistic development, we have analysed the relationships and semantic connections among the words мусульманин, правоверный, исламист, ваххабит, шахид, and other words whose meanings contain an Islamic component.We conclude that dictionaries tend to capture the everyday meanings of words, which are often a product of only a superficial grasp of the underly ing concept and commonly formed on the basis of mass media discourse, which, in turn, is subject to uncertainties of meaning. The limited set of contextual components attached to words denoting religious concepts speaks to the fact that the understanding of the current religious situation and its ongoing developments is rather vague among Russian native speakers.