bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Meshing Stiffness and Vibration Response of Pitting Fault Gears with Different Degrees
Authors: Liu Jie , Wang Chengye , Wu Wenchao
Published: February 2020

In order to study the influence of pitting on meshing stiffness, the normal distribution function is used to simulate the pitting location of pitting gear, and the potential energy method is used to analyze the influence of pitting on meshing stiffness. At the same time, the meshing stiffness of pitting gears with different degrees is analyzed by finite element method, and the validity of the calculation results with potential energy method is verified. On the basis of meshing stiffness, the dynamic model of gear system is established, and the vibration response of pitting gear system with different degrees is analyzed. The results show that with the increase of pitting area, the meshing stiffness decreases; the closer the meshing area of the driving wheel is to the pitting line, the more the meshing stiffness decreases, resulting in the intensification of vibration response and periodic impact; and in the time history diagram, there is a small spurious frequencies near the meshing frequency; in the phase diagrams and the Poincare diagram, trajectory and discrete point aggregation area is gradually increased.
Practices of Healthcare Workers regarding Infection Prevention in Bale Zone Hospitals, Southeast Ethiopia
Authors: Zenbaba Demisu , Sahiledengle Biniyam , Bogale Daniel
Published: February 2020

Introduction. In Ethiopia, infection prevention to protect patients, healthcare workers, and visitors from healthcare-acquired infections is one of a number of nationwide transformational initiatives to ensure the provision of quality healthcare services. The aim of this research was to assess the practice of healthcare workers regarding infection prevention and its associated factors in Bale zone Hospitals. Methods. A cross-sectional study targeted 402 healthcare workers using simple random sampling to learn about their practices related to infection prevention. Data were collected in interviews using pretested, structured questionnaires. Returned questionnaires were checked for completeness and then data were entered into a database and analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Adjusted odd ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was calculated to determine the strength of association, and variables with a p value <0.05 in the final model were considered as statistically significant. Results. Three hundred ninety-four healthcare workers participated in the study. Of these; 145 (36.8%, 95% CI 32, 42%) of them were found to have self-reported good infection prevention practice. Good knowledge towards infection prevention (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.02, 3.31), availability of personal protective equipment (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.16, 3.32), and water (AOR = 4.42, 95% 2.66, 7.34) at workplace were found to have a statistically significant association with healthcare workers self-reported good infection prevention practices. Conclusions. In this study, slightly more than one-third of the healthcare workers reported to have good infection prevention practice. Good knowledge towards infection prevention, working in departments, availability of personal protective equipment, and water at work place were found to have statistically significant association with self-reported good infection prevention practices.
Solution of the κ-Deformed Dirac Equation with Vector and Scalar Interactions in the Context of Spin and Pseudospin Symmetries
Authors: Farias Claudio F. , Silva Edilberto O.
Published: February 2020

The deformed Dirac equation invariant under the κ-Poincaré-Hopf quantum algebra in the context of minimal and scalar couplings under spin and pseudospin symmetry limits is considered. The κ-deformed Pauli-Dirac Hamiltonian allows us to study effects of quantum deformation in a class of physical systems, such as a Zeeman-like effect, Aharonov-Bohm effect, and an anomalous-like contribution to the electron magnetic moment, between others. In our analysis, we consider the motion of an electron in a uniform magnetic field and interacting with (i) a planar harmonic oscillator and (ii) a linear potential. We verify that the particular choice of a linear potential induces a Coulomb-type term in the equation of motion. Expressions for the energy eigenvalues and wave functions are determined taking into account both symmetry limits. We verify that the energies and wave functions of the particle are modified by the deformation parameter as well as by the element of spin.
Vibration Fracture Mechanism and Optimization Design of Array Power Supply for Near-Space SAR
Authors: Wang Changrui , Tang Lina , Wang Henghai
Published: February 2020

The random vibration failure of an array power supply for near-space SAR was analyzed. The fracture mechanism and the fracture reason of fracture formation in the specimen were investigated. The results show that antishock MOS pin breaks first, and the power supply is still in the working state during the process of random vibration. This caused dischargings at the tip of the fracture and melting of the tip of the broken pin which form a river-shaped fracture and granular tissue. The plastic fracture with typical dimple morphology of the pins for the resistor tube occurred during the random vibration. The intergranular fracture appeared at the welding part of the electronic components for array power supply, which presented a brittle fracture mechanism. The fracture was dominated by a ductile fracture for components when the stress produced by the vibration was close to the yield strength of the material. The fracture was dominated by a brittle fracture for components when the stress produced by the vibration was far beyond the yield strength of the material. A simulation evaluation system based on the high-confidence model was proposed. The stress of the electronic components for array power supply and its welding was much lower than the allowable strength of the material by the optimization of the structure and the form of the welding for the array power supply. The sample was successfully tested and verified without any further fracture problems.
Estimating Emissions from Static Traffic Models: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Tsanakas Nikolaos , Ekström Joakim , Olstam Johan
Published: February 2020

In large urban areas, the estimation of vehicular traffic emissions is commonly based on the outputs of transport planning models, such as Static Traffic Assignment (STA) models. However, such models, being used in a strategic context, imply some important simplifications regarding the variation of traffic conditions, and their outputs are heavily aggregated in time. In addition, dynamic traffic flow phenomena, such as queue spillback, cannot be captured, leading to inaccurate modelling of congestion. As congestion is strongly correlated with increased emission rates, using STA may lead to unreliable emission estimations. The first objective of this paper is to identify the errors that STA models introduce into an emission estimation. Then, considering the type and the nature of the errors, our aim is to suggest potential solutions. According to our findings, the main errors are related to STA inability of accurately modelling the level and the location of congestion. For this reason, we suggest and evaluate the postprocessing of STA outputs through quasidynamic network loading. Then, we evaluate our suggested approach using the HBEFA emission factors and a 19 km long motorway segment in Stockholm as a case study. Although, in terms of total emissions, the differences compared to the simple static case are not so vital, the postprocessor performs better regarding the spatial distribution of emissions. Considering the location-specific effects of traffic emissions, the latter may lead to substantial improvements in applications of emission modelling such as dispersion, air quality, and exposure modelling.
Geometrical Properties of Spilled Oil on Seawater Detected Using a LiDAR Sensor
Authors: Moon JungHwan , Jung Minwoo
Published: February 2020

We report on a small-size light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor, which offers the possibility of being used in the field during oil spill incidents. In the present study, we develop an algorithm that can distinguish between seawater and oil through the use of a laser at 905 nm wavelength. We investigate the ability of the sensor to detect three different oil types (light crude, bunker A, and bunker C) through experiments and analyze the differences between the types and volumes of spilled oil (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 50 mL). The results showed that our algorithm for detecting oil spills over seawater was successful: the LiDAR sensor was able to detect different oil types and volumes. Spilled oil area coverage ranged by more than 50% of the detected area, and the viscosity of bunker C oil reached up to 73%. In addition, the experimental oil spills were mainly formed of oil films of 1 mm and 2 mm thicknesses, which confirmed geometrical properties. Follow-up research should further investigate the characteristics of oil slick thickness measured by the LiDAR system and undertake field tests to assess the feasibility of using the LiDAR system in pollution incidents.
MPP: A Novel Algorithm for Estimating Vehicle Space Headways from a Single Image
Authors: Yu Zhi , Jiang Qianyin , Li Xiying
Published: February 2020

Vehicle space headway, also called spacing, is an important and basic traffic parameter. Traditional space headway calculation methods are facing the problems of large errors and high costs. This paper presents a novel algorithm based on measurement point pairs (MPPs) to estimate the real-time microcosmic vehicle space headway from single images in existing traffic surveillance videos and images without any additional equipment. First, the camera is calibrated with road markings to obtain the relationship between the image coordinates and the world coordinates. Second, vehicle pairs of two successive vehicles in the image are established, measurement points on each vehicle are selected by video intelligence analysis technologies, and their world coordinates are calculated by camera calibration results. Finally, the measurement points of the preceding and following vehicles are matched to obtain the MPPs, followed by the calculation of the weighted space headway. By using the measurement point information, one of the most difficult problems in image distance measurement, the lack of height information, is solved. The main factors causing estimation errors are fully addressed and the range and trend of errors under certain conditions are given by virtual simulation. Two real-world experiments are used to prove the accuracy and usability of the MPP in common video scenes: the simulation experiment indicates that the MPP algorithm achieves a high accuracy with estimation error less than ±0.1 m and the relative error within 1.1%; the application experiment shows that the MPP-based calculation is more accurate and stable than the state-of-the-art distance measurement algorithm and that the convenience of the proposed MPP algorithm is higher than that of traditional methods of space headway estimation.
Analysis of the Soil Microbiome of a Los Angeles Urban Farm
Authors: St. Clair Savanah , Saraylou Maryam , Melendez Daila , Senn Norman , Reitz Serina , Kananipour Destini , Alvarez Angelo
Published: February 2020

This research aimed to address health and food security challenges affecting Los Angeles and beyond in our own backyard. One possible way to combat these challenges is through biotechnology. The purpose of this research was to characterize the arable soils at Los Angeles Pierce College and their potential uses. The methods employed were collection of soil physical and chemical properties, cultivation of soil microorganisms, and 16S rDNA sequencing with a citizen science platform. Statistical analysis in R revealed associations between field conditions and life in the soil. The testing of plant-based antimicrobial agents on antibiotic-resistant bacteria revealed that plant oils could be more efficacious for control than common antibiotics. We found evidence of plant growth-promoting, antibiotic-producing, and bioremediating bacteria in different fields with distinct microclimates based on the 16S rDNA taxonomy results and inferred functional profiles. The major findings included an abundance of Streptomyces, Bacillus, Methylobacteria, and others with desirable functions. Numerous Streptomyces isolates cultivated on selective media demonstrated the ability to reduce nitrate. These results will empower future trials and product development by identifying target soil microorganisms and the most viable fields.
Numerical Analysis of the Anisotropy and Scale Effects on the Strength Characteristics of Defected Rockmass
Authors: Liu Xiabing , He Shaohui , Wang Dahai
Published: February 2020

Discontinuous defect in the rockmass is a key influential factor in controlling the strength behavior, and how to estimate the anisotropic strength and scale effect on the defected rockmass is the remaining challenging focus in engineering application. In the present study, intact tuff samples cored from the Xiabeishan tunnel engineering in situ are conducted by experiment tests (i.e., uniaxial compression test, triaxial compression test, and Brazilian tensile test) to obtain the corresponding mechanical parameters. Results from the numerical simulations using the particle flow code (PFC) by the flat‐jointed model (FJM) are performed to match the macroparameters from experimental results. It is observed that numerical results have good agreement with the macroscopic mechanical parameters of intact samples including UCS, BTS, triaxial compression strength, and corresponding deformation parameters. Finally, a series of uniaxial and confining compression tests are conducted by using a synthetic rockmass (SRM) method which is coupled with the discrete element method (DEM) and discrete fracture network (DFN). Then, the anisotropy and scale effects on the strength characteristics of the defected rockmass are investigated. The results show that defects have a vital effect on the failure mode and strength behavior of the rockmass in the research region. The strength parameters are changed with the specimen size. The REV size of the considered defected rockmass is regarded as 5 × 10 m, and this size is also influenced by the confinement level. The anisotropy of macroscopic strength parameters is found in the considered defected rockmass, whose stress‐strain curves and failure modes are also discussed.
Pressureless Magnetohydrodynamics System: Riemann Problem and Vanishing Magnetic Field Limit
Authors: Li Shiwei , Cheng Hongjun , Yang Hanchun
Published: February 2020

This paper proposes the pressureless magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) system by neglecting the effect of pressure difference in the MHD system. Firstly, the Riemann problem for the pressureless MHD system is solved with five kinds of structures of solutions consisting of combinations of shock, rarefaction wave, contact discontinuity, and vacuum state. Secondly, the limit behavior of the obtained Riemann solutions as the magnetic field drops to zero is studied. It is shown that, as the magnetic field vanishes, the Riemann solutions of the pressureless MHD system just tend to the corresponding Riemann solutions of the Euler equations for pressureless fluids. The formation processes of delta shocks and vacuum states are clarified. For the delta shock, both the intermediate density and internal energy simultaneously develop delta measures.
A Novel Hierarchical Clustering Approach Based on Universal Gravitation
Authors: Zhang Peng , She Kun
Published: February 2020

The target of the clustering analysis is to group a set of data points into several clusters based on the similarity or distance. The similarity or distance is usually a scalar used in numerous traditional clustering algorithms. Nevertheless, a vector, such as data gravitational force, contains more information than a scalar and can be applied in clustering analysis to promote clustering performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a three-stage hierarchical clustering approach called GHC, which takes advantage of the vector characteristic of data gravitational force inspired by the law of universal gravitation. In the first stage, a sparse gravitational graph is constructed based on the top k data gravitations between each data point and its neighbors in the local region. Then the sparse graph is partitioned into many subgraphs by the gravitational influence coefficient. In the last stage, the satisfactory clustering result is obtained by merging these subgraphs iteratively by using a new linkage criterion. To demonstrate the performance of GHC algorithm, the experiments on synthetic and real-world data sets are conducted, and the results show that the GHC algorithm achieves better performance than the other existing clustering algorithms.
Research on Dynamic Path Planning of Wheeled Robot Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning on the Slope Ground
Authors: Wang Peng , Li Xiaoqiang , Song Chunxiao , Zhai Shipeng
Published: February 2020

The existing dynamic path planning algorithm cannot properly solve the problem of the path planning of wheeled robot on the slope ground with dynamic moving obstacles. To solve the problem of slow convergence rate in the training phase of DDQN, the dynamic path planning algorithm based on Tree-Double Deep Q Network (TDDQN) is proposed. The algorithm discards detected incomplete and over-detected paths by optimizing the tree structure, and combines the DDQN method with the tree structure method. Firstly, DDQN algorithm is used to select the best action in the current state after performing fewer actions, so as to obtain the candidate path that meets the conditions. And then, according to the obtained state, the above process is repeatedly executed to form multiple paths of the tree structure. Finally, the non-maximum suppression method is used to select the best path from the plurality of eligible candidate paths. ROS simulation and experiment verify that the wheeled robot can reach the target effectively on the slope ground with moving obstacles. The results show that compared with DDQN algorithm, TDDQN has the advantages of fast convergence and low loss function.
Prevalence of Escherichia Coli and Its Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles among Patients with UTI at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Odongo Isaac , Ssemambo Ronald , Kungu Joseph M.
Published: February 2020

Background. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain the most common infections diagnosed in in- and outpatients as well as hospitalized patients. Current knowledge on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern for uropathogens is essential to effectively manage UTIs. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of E. coli and its antimicrobial susceptibility profiles among patients presenting with signs and symptoms of UTI in Mulago Hospital in Uganda. Methods. Midstream urine samples were collected from 100 patients presenting with signs and symptoms of UTI at the outpatient department of Mulago Hospital. The samples were cultured, and isolates of E. coli (predominant bacteria) are subjected to sensitivity testing against most commonly used antibiotics. Results. Out of 100 patients studied, E. coli was the most dominant with a prevalence of 10%. The prevalence was high among females (11.5%) compared with males (8.3%) and among the age group of ≤17 years. Escherichia coli isolates were highly susceptible to cefotaxime/clavulanic acid (100%) and nitrofurantoin (70%) but showed high resistance to cefuroxime (100%), ceftazidime (100%), nalidixic acid (90%), and ciprofloxacin (90%). Conclusion. Escherichia coli, the predominant uropathogen, showed significant multidrug resistance to antibiotics commonly prescribed for the management of UTIs. These findings should form a basis for preliminary decision making on the appropriate line of treatment for UTIs.
Non-Fourier Heat Conduction of a Functionally Graded Cylinder Containing a Cylindrical Crack
Authors: Fu Jiawei , Hu Keqiang , Qian Linfang , Chen Zengtao
Published: February 2020

The present work investigates the problem of a cylindrical crack in a functionally graded cylinder under thermal impact by using the non-Fourier heat conduction model. The theoretical derivation is performed by methods of Fourier integral transform, Laplace transform, and Cauchy singular integral equation. The concept of heat flux intensity factor is introduced to investigate the heat concentration degree around the crack tip quantitatively. The temperature field and the heat flux intensity factor in the time domain are obtained by transforming the corresponding quantities from the Laplace domain numerically. The effects of heat conduction model, functionally graded parameter, and thermal resistance of crack on the temperature distribution and heat flux intensity factor are studied. This work is beneficial for the thermal design of functionally graded cylinder containing a cylindrical crack.
Stiffness and Elastic Deformation of 4-DoF Parallel Manipulator with Three Asymmetrical Legs for Supporting Helicopter Rotor
Authors: Song Jialin , Lu Yang , Wang Yongli , Lu Yi
Published: February 2020

The stiffness and elastic deformation of a 4-DoF parallel manipulator with three asymmetrical legs are studied systematically for supporting helicopter rotor. First, a 4-DoF 2SPS + RRPR type parallel manipulator with two linear SPS type legs and one RRPR type composite leg is constructed and its constraint characteristics are analyzed. Second, the formulas for solving the elastic deformation and the stiffness matrix of the above mentioned three asymmetrical legs are derived. Third, the formulas for solving the total stiffness matrix and the elastic deformation of this manipulator are derived and analyzed. Finally, its finite element model is constructed and its elastic deformations are solved using both the derived theoretical formulas and the finite element model. The theoretical solutions of the elastic deformations are verified by that of the finite element model.
Air Transportation Direct Share Analysis and Forecast
Authors: Zheng Xufang , Liu Chia-Mei , Wei Peng
Published: February 2020

Air transportation direct share is the ratio of direct passengers to total passengers on a directional origin and destination (O&D) pair. Direct share is an essential factor of passenger flow distribution and shows passengers’ general preference for direct flight services on a certain O&D. A better understanding and a more accurate forecast of direct share can benefit air transportation planners, airlines, and airports in multiple ways. In most of the previous research and applications, it is commonly assumed that direct share is a fixed ratio, which contradicts the air transportation practice. In the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Terminal Area Forecast (TAF), the O&D direct share is forecasted as a constant based on the latest observation of direct share on the O&D. To find factors which have significant impacts on O&D direct share and to build an accurate model for O&D direct share forecasting, both parametric and nonparametric machine learning models are investigated in this research. We propose a novel category-based learning method which can provide better forecasting performance compared to employing the single modeling method for O&D direct share forecasting. Based on the comparison, the developed category-based learning model is a promising replacement for the model used for O&D direct share forecasting by the FAA TAF.
Demand Management of Station-Based Car Sharing System Based on Deep Learning Forecasting
Authors: Yu Daben , Li Zongping , Zhong Qinglun , Ai Yi , Chen Wei
Published: February 2020

Metropolitan development has motivated car sharing into an attractive type of car leasing with the help of information technologies. In this paper, we propose a new approach based on deep learning techniques to assess the operation of a station-based car sharing system. First, we analyse the pick-up and drop-off operations of the station-based car sharing system, capturing the operational features of car sharing service and the behaviours of vehicle use from a temporal perspective. Then, we introduced an analytical system to detect the system operation concerning the spontaneous deviations derived from user demands from service provisions. We employed Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) structure to forecast short-term future vehicle uses. An experimental case based on real-world data is reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. The results prove that the proposed structure generates high-quality predictions and the operation status derived from user demands.
Perturbation Theory-Based Whole-Core Eigenvalue Sensitivity and Uncertainty (SU) Analysis via a 2D/1D Transport Code
Authors: Ma Ji , Hao Chen , Liu Lixun , Zhou Yuekai
Published: February 2020

For nuclear reactor physics, uncertainties in the multigroup cross sections inevitably exist, and these uncertainties are considered as the most significant uncertainty source. Based on the home-developed 3D high-fidelity neutron transport code HNET, the perturbation theory was used to directly calculate the sensitivity coefficient of keff to the multigroup cross sections, and a reasonable relative covariance matrix with a specific energy group structure was generated directly from the evaluated covariance data by using the transforming method. Then, the “Sandwich Rule” was applied to quantify the uncertainty of keff. Based on these methods, a new SU module in HNET was developed to directly quantify the keff uncertainty with one-step deterministic transport methods. To verify the accuracy of the sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of HNET, an infinite-medium problem and the 2D pin-cell problem were used to perform SU analysis, and the numerical results demonstrate that acceptable accuracy of sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of the HNET are achievable. Finally, keff SU analysis of a 3D minicore was analyzed by using the HNET, and some important conclusions were also drawn from the numerical results.
Gestión documental en el contexto de la transformación digital
Authors: Gabriela Andaur Gómez
Published: February 2020

La Transformación Digital (TD) ha sido caracterizada como un proceso de cambio profundo orientado a la mejora de las organizaciones, la entrega de productos y servicios y la experiencia de quienes acceden a ellos gracias al uso de las tecnologías digitales disponibles. En Chile, la recién promulgada Ley de Transformación Digital establece un fuerte vínculo entre TD y Gestión Documental Electrónica (GDE), promoviendo que en el Estado se transite desde una gestión en papel a una totalmente digital. No obstante, la GDE descansa en una serie de normas y procesos previos que son tecnológicamente agnósticos y que debiesen considerarse, de modo de asegurar el éxito de la TD y el aprovechamiento efectivo de las tecnologías actuales para la gestión de información dentro de las organizaciones.
Transformación digital desde un enfoque normativo
Authors: GONZÁLEZ GUTIÉRREZ JUAN PABLO
Published: February 2020

La preservación digital es un conjunto de tareas, técnicas, métodos y tecnologías que buscan garantizar el acceso a la información en formato digital. Este artículo presenta una aproximación a los conceptos clave relacionados con la preservación digital, los beneficios de su implementación, los principales aspectos tecnológicos asociados, los desafíos y  una mirada a la situación actual de la preservación digital en Chile.
Proyecto de modernización del archivo nacional gestión documental y tecnología para la transformación digital
Authors: Hernán Cabrera Pichuante-Pilar Díaz Ellis
Published: February 2020

Que la tecnología ha venido a revolucionar nuestra vida no es novedad, vemos los avances y su influencia en nuestra vida y en nuestro entorno cada día sin dejar de asombrarnos. Sin embargo, hay un aspecto que no ha tenido la visibilidad y relevancia que debiera, ya que tiene un efecto transversal y directo en nuestras vidas, en nuestra cotidianeidad, en cómo nos relacionamos con el Estado y cómo el Estado se relaciona con la ciudadanía. Nos referimos al cambio que está sufriendo la Administración Pública en la forma de realizar los trámites que afectan a la ciudadanía y la gestión que realizan internamente. La adaptación de la tecnología a estas áreas incide directamente en la gestión documental y los archivos.
Across-Site Differences in the Mechanism of Alcohol-Induced Digestive Tract Carcinogenesis: An Evaluation by Mediation Analysis
Authors: Koyanagi Yuriko N. , Suzuki Etsuji , Imoto Issei , Kasugai Yumiko , Oze Isao , Ugai Tomotaka , Iwase Madoka , Usui Yoshiaki , Kawakatsu Yukino , Sawabe Michi , Hirayama Yutaka , Tanaka Tsutomu , Abe Tetsuya , Ito Seiji , Komori Koji , Hanai Nobuhiro , Tajika Masahiro , Shimizu Yasuhiro , Niwa Yasumasa , Ito Hidemi , Matsuo Keitaro
Published: February 2020

A genetic variant on aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2 rs671, Glu504Lys) contributes to carcinogenesis after alcohol consumption. Somewhat conversely, the ALDH2 Lys allele also confers a protective effect against alcohol-induced carcinogenesis by decreasing alcohol consumption due to acetaldehyde-related adverse effects. Here, we applied a mediation analysis to five case–control studies for head and neck, esophageal, stomach, small intestine, and colorectal cancers, with 4,099 cases and 6,065 controls, and explored the potentially heterogeneous impact of alcohol drinking on digestive tract carcinogenesis by decomposing the total effect of the ALDH2 Lys allele on digestive tract cancer risk into the two opposing effects of the carcinogenic effect (direct effect) and the protective effect (indirect effect mediated by drinking behavior). Alcohol was associated with an increased risk of most digestive tract cancers, but significant direct effects were observed only for upper gastrointestinal tract cancer risk, and varied substantially by site, with ORs (95% confidence interval) of 1.83 (1.43–2.36) for head and neck cancer, 21.15 (9.11–49.12) for esophageal cancer, and 1.65 (1.38–1.96) for stomach cancer. In contrast, a significant protective indirect effect was observed on risk for all cancers, except small intestine cancer. These findings suggest that alcohol is a major risk factor for digestive tract cancers, but its impact as a surrogate for acetaldehyde exposure appears heterogeneous by site. Meanwhile, the behavior-related effect of the ALDH2 Lys allele results in a decreased risk of most digestive tract cancers.

Significance:

These findings support that genetic alcohol avoidance is a factor against alcohol-induced cancers.
Literatura, educação e questão étnico-racial
Authors: Santos Aline Aparecida dos
Published: February 2020

A reflexão apresentada estabelece uma problematização no Canto de Xangô, canção de Baden Powell e de Vinicius de Moraes, no que se refere à construção de uma identidade negra pautada pelo cânone, porém muitas vezes distante das discussões emancipatórias sobre educação e questão étnico-racial.
Acabando com o juízo de deus
Authors: Camargo Fabio Figueiredo , Santos Ricardo Alves
Published: February 2020

Neste artigo, analisaremos o poema “Iniciação de Jacó”, do poeta capixaba Waldo Motta. Os versos analisados fazem parte do projeto “erotismo sagrado” empreendido pelo autor desde a obra Bundo e outros poemas (1996), no qual, a partir do deslocamento daquilo que se naturalizou/ normatizou como sagrado, há uma subversão, utilizando a ambiguidade, a ironia, em puro gozo terrorista, pois a linguagem da heteronorma é deslocada, gerando novos sentidos profanos, celebrando o homoerotismo como dissidência da sociedade judaico-cristã e patriarcal.
"E foi então que eu me entendi mulher"
Authors: Bento Oluwa Seyi Salles
Published: February 2020

O presente ensaio pretende analisar o conto “Isaltina Campo Belo”, de autoria da escritora mineira Conceição Evaristo e discutir como é tratada a questão da interseccionalidade de gênero, sexualidade e raça na Literatura afro-brasileira de autoria feminina. Sem perder de vista o referencial teórico pertinente ao tema, intentamos compreender de quais mecanismos de construção de narrativa a autora lança mão a fim de apresentar uma protagonista complexa e não apenas uma vítima de suas experiências de vida
Os planos narrativos em "Super Flumina Babylonis"
Authors: Hoffmann Alana Francisca da Silva
Published: February 2020

No conto “Super Flumina Babylonis”, constante da obra Antigas e novas andanças do demónio (1981), Jorge de Sena recria, pela voz de um narrador heterodiegético, o processo de composição das redondilhas “Sobre os rios que vão”, também conhecidas como “Babel e Sião”, de Luís Vaz de Camões. Observamos que o conto é constituído por dois grandes blocos: o do “diálogo” entre Camões e a mãe e o da narração propriamente dita, o qual, por seu turno, divide-se em dois planos – o exterior, correspondente ao mundo concreto, da realidade física, e o interior, correspondente ao mundo psicológico da personagem. Tendo isso em vista, neste trabalho, objetivamos analisar como se estruturam esses dois planos, a fim de estabelecer relação entre o conto de Sena e o poema de Camões.
Imagem e poder
Authors: Cioccari Deysi , Persichetti Simonetta
Published: February 2020

Esse artigo analisa a simbologia por trás da imagem do vereador Carlos Bolsonaro (PSC-RJ), filho do presidente Jair Bolsonaro, na posse de seu pai como presidente da República em 1 de janeiro de 2019. O vereador desfilou no rolls-royce numa explicitação do complexo jogo de relações que define seu sentido, muito além da mera imagem do dia da posse. Analisamos a imagem fotográfica do dia da posse em comparação com todas as posses dos presidentes eleitos desde a redemocratização do país, em 1985. Entendemos que o filho do presidente cumpre um papel importante nessa lógica de guerra cultural, típica das redes sociais. Há coisas duras que um presidente não pode dizer. É útil ter quem diga por ele. Assim, o presidente se preserva (ou deveria), adotando tom mais moderado (deveria), como pede o cargo, mas tem um aliado estratégico.Como referencial teórico utilizamos Jacques Rancière e Maria Helena Weber.
Paisagens culturais industriais: uma abordagem sobre a gestão integrada e sustentável do patrimônio industrial.
Authors: Alves Estela Maris Carneiro , Oosterbeek Luiz
Published: February 2020

O artigo reflete sobre a combinação de dois conceitos: patrimônio industrial e paisagem cultural. Dessa maneira, propõe-se a análise de ações de gestão integrada e sustentável do patrimônio industrial, no sentido de unificar as políticas públicas de preservação do patrimônio cultural inerente ao processo de industrialização com as de planejamento urbano e de desenvolvimento sustentável e socioeconômico, por meio da integração das disciplinas e das partes interessadas e da participação da comunidade na tomada de decisão. Além de uma revisão bibliográfica dos conceitos em questão, o artigo analisa dois planos de gestão integrada e sustentável do patrimônio industrial: o Programa de Desenvolvimento Local Sustentável da vila de Paranapiacaba, no Brasil, e o programa do Internationale Bauausstellung Emscher Park, na região do Vale do Ruhr, na Alemanha.
Does Yoga Increase Sustainability?
Authors: Weisner Meagan L. , Cameron Mary M.
Published: February 2020

This study aims to increase understanding of whether spiritual dimensions of nature experiences are connected to sustainability by examining the relationship between yoga, sensory awareness, and pro-environmental behavior among comparative groups of yoga and non-yoga practitioners in South Florida. According to affective and perceptual theories of human environmental care, the heightened perception of and attention to one’s natural environment through enhanced sensory awareness that yoga practitioners describe experiencing should engender a closer inclination to nature and its protection, as measured by pro-environmental acts. South Florida yoga practitioners describe increased sensory awareness after yoga, yet they practiced common natural resources protective actions like recycling and reducing fossil fuel use no more frequently than their non-yoga counterparts. Practitioners’ other yoga-based and meditation-enhanced spiritual experiences like non-evaluation and non-attachment to physical and mental phenomena, as well as yoga’s inward self-focus on the physical body, may divert aspirants from proactive environmental behavior.
Correlations between personality traits and roosting behaviours suggest a behavioural syndrome in little brown bats
Authors: Webber Quinn M.R. , Willis Craig K.R.
Published: February 2020

Behavioural syndromes are composed of correlated suites of personality traits and can include traits related to the behaviour and ecology of free-ranging animals. We used captive little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) to test the hypothesis that behaviours measured in standardized tests reflect personality traits and form behavioural syndromes with roosting behaviours. We predicted: (1) measured behaviours would be repeatable; (2) personality traits and roosting behaviours would form behavioural syndromes; and (3) individuals with similar personality scores would associate more strongly. We observed repeatability for some traits and evidence of behavioural syndromes. Activity was strongly repeatable across time and contexts. More central individuals roosted in larger groups, while individuals with high roost-fidelity roosted in larger groups. Individuals with similar activity scores were also more likely to associate in day roosts, suggesting some behavioural assortment. Our results have implications for how behavioural variation might influence transmission of white-nose syndrome.
Cancer-Related Debt and Mental-Health-Related Quality of Life among Rural Cancer Survivors: Do Family/Friend Informal Caregiver Networks Moderate the Relationship?
Authors: Hallgren Emily , Hastert Theresa A. , Carnahan Leslie R. , Eberth Jan M. , Mama Scherezade K. , Watson Karriem S. , Molina Yamilé
Published: February 2020

Social connectedness generally buffers the effects of stressors on quality of life. Is this the case for cancer-related debt among rural cancer survivors? Drawing on a sample of 135 rural cancer survivors, we leverage family/friend informal caregiver network data to determine if informal cancer caregivers buffer or exacerbate the effect of cancer-related debt on mental-health-related quality of life (MHQOL). Using data from the Illinois Rural Cancer Assessment, a survey of cancer survivors in rural Illinois, we estimate the association between cancer-related debt and MHQOL and whether informal caregiver network size and characteristics moderate this association. Over a quarter of survivors (27%) reported cancer-related debt, and those who did reported worse MHQOL. However, this association only held for survivors who had an informal caregiver network. These findings supplement what is already known about the role of social connectedness in cancer survivors’ health outcomes. We offer possible explanations for these findings.
The Effects of Neighborhood and Parental Educational Expectations on Teacher Judgments of Children in the Fifth and Sixth Grades of Primary School
Authors: Hemmerechts Kenneth , Kavadias Dimokritos , Boone Simon
Published: February 2020

Research has studied less the embeddedness of the relationship between parental educational expectations and teacher judgments in the neighborhood. We use data that were collected in a longitudinal study conducted in Belgium, which focused on children in the fifth and sixth grades of primary school. We found that the effect of neighborhood on teacher judgments is mediated by the nonnative background of students. The effect of neighborhood seems to be mainly one of selecting pupils in the school. Teachers have—under control of deductive ability and previous teacher judgments—a lower judgment of students with an immigrant background.
What Type of Helping Relationship Do Young People Need? Engaging and Maintaining Young People in Mental Health Care—A Narrative Review
Authors: Lynch Louise , Moorhead Anne , Long Maggie , Hawthorne-Steele Isobel
Published: February 2020

Research reports that young people aged 10 to 24 years are reluctant to seek help for a mental health problem due to multiple factors and that intervention within this demographic is critical. The aim of this review was to critique the existing literature, using a systematic approach on how the type of helping relationship affects young people’s help-seeking behavior, engagement, and maintenance in mental health care. Searches of nine databases produced 22 relevant articles of original research with young people aged 10 to 24 years for inclusion in this review. A thematic analysis identified three themes: (a) context of trust and confidentiality, (b) supportive rapport, and (c) collaborative approach to treatment. Findings indicate that researchers, practitioners, and policy makers need to prioritize the role of the helping relationship and its core components of trust and confidentiality, supportive rapport, and collaborative treatment, as essential in the provision of meaningful mental health care for young people.
Individual Education Programs: What Music Teachers Need to Know When Working With Students With Disabilities
Authors: Draper Ellary A.
Published: February 2020

Since the original passing of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act in 1975, students with disabilities are required to have services that are individualized to meet their needs as documented in their Individual Education Program, or IEP. These documents can often be long and determining the implications for students in music classrooms can be difficult. This article details the history of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, what is required to be included in the IEP, and what music teachers need to know to be able to apply goals, adaptions, and individualized instruction from students’ IEPs in music classrooms.
Efficacy of Conversion to Aflibercept for Diabetic Macular Edema Previously Refractory to Bevacizumab or Ranibizumab: A Meta-analysis of High-Quality Nonrandomized Studies
Authors: Xiao Kang , Li Fu-Zhen , Liang Shen-Zhi , Wang Jiong , Qian Cheng , Wan Guang-Ming
Published: February 2020

Background: Aflibercept has been widely used in treating diabetic macular edema (DME). However, the effect of aflibercept in treating DME refractory to bevacizumab or ranibizumab has not been well established. Objective: To assess the therapeutic effect of switching from bevacizumab or ranibizumab to aflibercept in the treatment of refractory DME. Methods: Relevant studies were searched from 3 databases: the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science. Data on changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and adverse events within the follow-up period were collected and pooled using weighted mean differences (WMDs) with corresponding 95% CIs in a random effects model. The between-study heterogeneity was tested using the χ2 test and the I2 statistic, and funnel plots were used to evaluate the publication bias. Results: A total of 11 nonrandomized trials met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Our studies showed significant improvements in the BCVA (WMD = 100.55; 95% CI = 68.46 to 132.63; P < 0.01) and reduction in CMT (WMD = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.03 to 0.14; P < 0.01) after switching to aflibercept. Although a large amount of heterogeneity was detected in the CMT results among these studies, the sensitivity analyses showed the reliability and stability of our results. Conclusion and Relevance: There were significant improvements in both visual and anatomical outcomes after switching from bevacizumab or ranibizumab to aflibercept, without risk of adverse events. Thus, switching therapy may be a safe and effective treatment for patients with refractory DME.
Mining Instruction From Student Mistakes: Conducting an Error Analysis for Mathematical Problem Solving
Authors: Peltier Corey , Peltier Tiffany K.
Published: February 2020

The mathematics performance of students identified with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) is poor. Students identified with EBD require individualized instruction aligned with their unique academic and behavioral needs. One way that teachers can efficiently identify core mathematics deficits and provide individualized instruction is through the effective use of error analysis. In this article, we describe how error analysis can be used to individualize mathematics instruction for students with EBD, providing a case scenario as an exemplar.
Improving Residents’ Quality of Life Through Sustainable Experiential Mega-Events: High- Versus Low-Context Cultures
Authors: Vila-Lopez Natalia , Boluda Ines-Kuster , Marin-Aguilar Jose Trinidad
Published: February 2020

Public managers need to improve city residents’ quality of life as a first step to boost its tourism development. Marketing strategies can play a useful role, as the city marketing theory states. The present article aims to compare the efficacy of two marketing strategies embedded in a public mega-event: (a) an experiential strategy, based on emotions encourage during the event and (b) a green strategy, based on green actions linked to this event. Furthermore, following Hall’s theory of cultural determination, this article aims to compare these strategies’ efficacy in two alternative cultures: a high-context (Mexico) and a low-context culture (Spain). We contacted 202 and 204 residents in Mexico and Spain during the event. In low-context cultures (Spain), an experiential marketing strategy achieves greater results than a green one; conversely, in high-context cultures (Mexico), a green marketing strategy is more effective.
A Novel Approach for Management of Bleeding Stomal Varices: A Case Report of Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Sclerotherapy
Authors: Uhlenhopp Dustin , Olson Kristin , Sunkara Tagore
Published: February 2020

Ileostomy variceal bleeds can be a serious complication in patients with cirrhosis and ileostomy but make up a small portion of total variceal bleeds. Multiple modalities have been described as therapeutic options for stomal variceal bleeding, but an optimal intervention has yet to be established. We present a case of a 51-year-old patient with preserved ejection fraction heart failure, hepatitis C cirrhosis, recent esophageal varices banding, and colectomy with ileostomy who developed bleeding ileostomy varices that were effectively treated under direct ultrasound-guided percutaneous injection of sodium tetradecyl sulfate to the feeding superior mesenteric venous flow. The patient did not have a recurrence of bleeding at 7-month follow-up. We consider direct ultrasound-guided percutaneous injection of sodium tetradecyl sulfate of acute bleeding stomal varices to be safe and effective in decompensated cirrhotic patients.