bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMISASI FUNGSI RASTRIGIN MENGGUNAKAN FLOWER POLLINATION ALGORITHM
Authors: Hidayat Taufik , Sidik Wuryatmo Ahmad , Jajang Jajang
Published: July 2022

The Rastrigin function is a multimodal function. It is difficult to find a global minimum of the function because it has many local minimums. So, we need an effective and efficient algorithm to find a solution to the global minimum of the function without being trapped by the local minimum. The flower pollination algorithm is a metaheuristic algorithm, it is expected to be capable of solving multimodal function optimization problems. In this study flower pollination algorithm is used to find the global minimum of the Rastrigin function of two variables with MATLAB. The Rastrigin function of two variables is used as objective function for the flower pollination algorithm. The parameters are divided into three configurations based on the difference amount of pollen gamets, the probability switch, and the search domain, with two different iterations 300 and 1500. In order, to get the best results each configuration is running for 10 times. The best results from the flower pollination algorithm are obtained from the first configuration and 1500 iterations
Pengukuran laju pernapasan (respiration rate, RR) berbasis beda suhu pernapasan
Authors: Wihantoro Wihantoro , Haryadi Aris , Ferdiyan Akmal
Published: July 2022

Pernapasan menjadi salah satu fungsi penting untuk kelangsungan hidup manusia. Gangguan kesehatan juga dapat diprediksi dari pemantauan laju pernapasan (respiration rate, RR). Metode yang umum digunakan memiliki suatu masalah, yaitu diharuskan terjadi sentuhan langsung dengan subjek. Padahal, pandemi virus COVID-19  yang terjadi  saat  ini memiliki potensi untuk menular akibat  sentuhan/kontak langsung dengan orang yang terinfeksi. Maka dirasa perlu untuk menyediakan unit piranti pengukuran laju pernapasan yang tidak memerlukan kontak langsung dengan orang yang dirawat. Komponen utama dari piranti yang akan dibuat adalah sensor suhu inframerah MLX90614  yang  mengukur suhu  saat   bernapas (menghirup udara, inhale) dan saat menghembuskan  udara (exhale).  Prinsip sederhananya  satu  beda pengukuran  suhu di area nostril  saat menghirup  dan menghembuskan  udara dihitung  sebagai satu  laju pernapasan. Piranti telah berhasil dibuat dan menunjukkan nilai akurasi dan error yang sangat baik, yaitu 99,06% dan 0,94%. Hasil pengukuran pun dapat dipantau melalui jarak jauh menggunakan situs Web yang dihubungkan dengan piranti.

Kata kunci: Laju Pernapasan, Sensor Inframerah, Pengukuran Non-Kontak
Optimasi desalinator tenaga matahari menggunakan bahan beton campuran pasir besi
Authors: Aziz Abdullah Nur
Published: July 2022

Potensi energi matahari berupa kalor yang melimpah dapat digunakan untuk proses destilasi air laut. Pemanfaatan energi matahari untuk kebutuhan tersebut membutuhkan media yang optimal menyerap kalor. Optimalisasi media penyerap kalor perlu dilakukan guna meningkatkan kemampuannya. Salah satu variabel yang berpengaruh pada kemampuan penyerapan kalor adalah nilai kalor jenis (c) dan konduktivitas termal (k). Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan membuat 5 kelompok sampel. Kelompok sampel dibedakan oleh komposisi campuran pasir sungai dan pasir besi yang digunakan sebagai bahan utama. Variasi campuran dibuat dengan perbandingan massa antara pasir sungai dengan pasir besi sebagai berikut: 100:0; 90:10; 80:20; 70:30 dan 50:50. Pengikat campuran menggunakan  semen dengan massa semen yang sama untuk semua sampel. Pengujian kalor jenis dilakukan dengan memberikan kalor pada salah satu permukaan sampel dan mengukur perbedaan temperatur di antara kedua permukaannya. Sumber kalor yang digunakan berupa pelat pemanas elektrik 40 watt. Pengujian kalor jenis dilakukan menggunakan kalorimeter bom. Sampel yang diuji dibuat dengan ukuran (1 x 1 x 1) cm3. Hasil pengujian konduktivitas termal diperoleh nilai terendah sebesar 7,533 W/mºC pada sampel tanpa pasir besi dan tertinggi sebesar 13,889 W/mºC pada sampel dengan perbandingan 50:50. Hasil pengujian kalor jenis diperoleh nilai terendah sebesar 1698,169 J/kgºC pada sampel dengan perbandingan campuran pasir sungai dan pasir besi 50:50. Sementara nilai kalor jenis tertinggi pada sampel tanpa pasir besi (100:0) dengan nilai 3506,278 J/kgºC. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, nilai optimal sampel sebagai penyerap kalor adalah sampel dengan campuran pasir sungai dan pasir besi antara 80:20 dan 70:30.
Implementasi prototype deteksi gejala dini Covid-19 berbasis NodeMCU ESP8266 pada usia lanjut
Authors: Pitaloka Putri Diah , Sumarti Heni , Hardianto Firman
Published: July 2022

Pada awal tahun 2020, dunia dihadapkan dengan wabah pneumonia baru yang muncul dari Kota Wuhan dan menjadi pandemi karena menyebar dengan cepat ke 190 negara salah satunya adalah Indonesia. Wabah ini dikenal sebagai Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). Banyak upaya yang telah dilakukan untuk mencegah penularan Covid-19 seperti pembatasan sosial berskala besar (PSBB) sampai pengecekan suhu yang banyak dijumpai di beberapa tempat. Namun, sampai saat ini belum ada alat yang menerapkan tiga parameter yang dapat ditinjau sebagai pemeriksaan awal Covid-19 (suhu, denyut jantung dan saturasi oksigen). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan alat deteksi dini Covid-19 yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur tiga parameter dalam satu alat terpadu dan menjelaskan hasil implementasinya pada usia lanjut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (RnD) dengan tahapan yang dilakukan meliputi tahap perancangan, pembuatan, dan pengujian. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pengujian akurasi, yakni membandingkan dengan alat standar. Hasil akurasi pada pegukuran suhu adalah sebesar 98.38%, denyut jantung sebesar 95.1% dan saturasi oksigen sebesar 98.8%. Alat yang telah dikembangkan berfungsi dengan baik dan dapat digunakan sebagai alat ukur standar karena tingkat akurasinya di atas 95%. Berdasarkan implementasi deteksi gejala dini Covid-19, maka disimpulkan bahwa responden dalam keadaan sehat dan tidak terjangkit Covid-19.
Enzimatic Kinetics of Cellulose Hydrolysis using Cellulase from Goat Rumen Fluids
Authors: Wijonarko Gunawan , Purbowati Ike Sitoresmi Mulyo , Maksum Ali
Published: July 2022

In line with the depletion of petroleum reserves from fossils, humans have forced people to look for alternative renewable energy sources. Nipah plant stems are organic material that contains a lot of lignocellulose. Cellulose in lignocellulose can be hydrolyzed to glucose to produce bioethanol. Problems arise because hydrolysis using pure cellulase requires relatively high costs, so it is necessary to find an alternative source of cheap cellulase. One of the cheap sources of cellulase is goat rumen fluid. Until now, there is not much information regarding the reaction kinetics and cellulase characteristics of goat rumen fluid. The purpose of this study was to isolate crude cellulase extract, determine the KM and Vmax values ​​and determine the optimum temperature and pH. The research was carried out at the Unsoed Agricultural Technology Laboratory. The samples used were seven rumen fluids. The study began with isolation followed by enzymatic kinetics studies. Fractionation was carried out by adding ammonium sulfate salt (50, 60,70, and 80 %), and centrifugation at 7,000 rpm at 4 oC for 15 minutes. Crude cellulase extract with the highest enzyme activity value was used for the study of enzymatic reaction kinetics and characterization. The crude cellulase resistance test to temperature was carried out at 45, 55 and 65 oC and the pH was carried out at pH 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. The KM and Vmax values ​were determined by measuring the activity of crude cellulase extract at various concentrations of CMC (1, 1 ,5, 2, 2.5, and 3 %). The results showed that crude cellulase extract had an average specific activity of 1.7356 IU/mg. The highest enzyme activity was 0.9854 IU/ml. The optimum crude cellulase extract was at pH 6 with an activity of 1.1015 IU/ml and a temperature of 60 oC with an activity of 0.7829 IU/ml. At a CMC concentration of 2.5% crude cellulase extract had an activity of 0.3179 IU/ml with a Vmax value of 0.0045 IU/ml and a KM of 0.0252 %.
Identification of Internal and External Factors as Basic for Business Strategic of Rasa Gadung Cassava Chips Smes in Pemalang Regency
Authors: Situmorang Sawitania Christiany Dwi Utami Boru , Wijayanti Irene Kartika Eka
Published: July 2022

Cassava is the third most popular stapple food crop after rice and corn in Indonesia. One of the advantages of cassava that makes this commodity much in demand by national farmers is its ability to produce a variety of downstreaming products, one of which is cassava chips. Rasa Gadung Cassava Chips’ SMEs is one of the cassava processing industry units located in Pemalang Regency so that cassava processing training is always used as the second priority agenda in the local government working plan. However, Rasa Gadung Cassava Chips’ SMEs is not able to keep up with existing developments and is underdeveloped. Even so, this SMEs is still standing in the midst of a pandemic. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the internal and external factors owned by the Rasa Gadung Cassava Chips’ SMEs. This research was analyzed with a descriptive qualitative method. The selection of respondents was carried out purposively using the judgmental sampling method. The data used are data on internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and data on external factors (opportunities and challenges) for the last 10 (ten) years. The result showed that Rasa Gadung Cassava Chips’ SMEs have 11 (eleven) internal factors and 14 (fourteen) external factors that can be managed in future research using the IFAS-EFAS matrix.
Profitability Ratio Analysis of the Leather Tanning Industry With Loan Capital Structure Interest System
Authors: Kurniawan Aceng
Published: July 2022

The leather tannery industry in Sukanggang Garut declined in number due to bankruptcy, which was caused by declining business profitability. The profitability of tanned leather craftsmen was initially 6.5 million rupiah to 2.3 million rupiah per ton of raw materials. The decline in the level of profitability was due to changes in the capital structure, with many using loan capital with an interest system compared to own capital. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of interest system loans on the profitability of the leather industry. This study uses the method of profitability ratio analysis. From the research results, the ratio of GPM, NPM and ROI decreased along with the increase in the number of loans with an interest system. GPM continued to decline from 39.02 percent to 35.37 percent. NPM continued to decline from 15.26 percent to 8.26 percent. ROI decreased from 18.00 percent to 8.05 percent. ROE actually increases with the increase in the number of loans in its capital structure.
The art of nanoimmunobiotechnomedicine
Authors: Anurogo Dito
Published: July 2022

No abstract
PENENTUAN ZONA KERAWANAN GERAKAN TANAH DENGAN METODE HEURISTIK DAS SERANG KABUPATEN KULON PROGO (Determination of mass movement vulnerability zone using heuristic methods in Serang watershed Kulon Progo District)
Authors:   Fakultas Teknologi Sumber Daya Alam, Institut Teknologi Yogyakarta, Febriarta Erik , Larasati Ajeng , Wacano Dhandhun , Suherningtyas Ika ,   Palawa Karya,   Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan, Universitas Islam Indonesia,   Laboratorium Analisis Risiko Lingkungan, Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan, Universitas Islam Indonesia,   Program Studi Geografi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas AMIKOM Yogyakarta
Published: July 2022

Landslide, one of the physical environmental disasters, can be defined as the movement of rock mass, soil, or shredded material that forms a slope down the slope Kulon Progo Regency has always been a landslide-prone area that most often occurs in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in the last three years. One way to reduce the risk of hazards is by mapping the hazard assessment of mass movement disasters. The purpose of this study is to determine the zone of vulnerability to landslides in the Serang watershed, Kulon Progo. The method used is heuristic, where the assessment of the potential for ground motion is based on a geomorphological approach with a weighting analysis of each parameter. The parameters used are slope, rock type, geological structure (distance to fault), land use, and landslide event distribution. Each parameter is assigned a value and a weight variable based on the factors that most influence slope safety. They are then calculated in a linear variable manner, resulting in an index value for soil movement vulnerability. The index value is grouped spatially into four (4) hazards with equal interval class division, very low hazard with an area of 95.93 km2 (46%); low hazard with an area of 72.02 km2 (34%); moderate hazard with an area of 38.56 km2 (18%); and very high hazard with an area of 1.96 km2 (0.01%). Based on the spatial analysis, the distribution of the existing landslide events are increasing correlatively with the higher the hazard zone.
PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA AIR PARTISIPATIF DI WILAYAH HULU DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI BIALO, SULAWESI SELATAN (Participatory Water Resources Management in the Bialo Upstream Watershed, South Sulawesi)
Authors:   Pusat Riset Ekologi dan Etnobiologi, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN), Sallata M.Kudeng , Nugroho Hunggul
Published: July 2022

Poor watershed management has resulted in environmental degradation and has resulted in increasingly competitive use of water resources. The balance between demand and supply of water in the upstream watershed area as a water recharge area becomes difficult to obtain. The main parties most affected are the poor in the upstream watershed. This research was carried out in two villages in Bulukumba Regency and Bantaeng Regency, South Sulawesi with the aim of producing an effective and efficient residential-based independent water resource management model in the upstream watershed that ensures a balance between demand and sustainable supply. The participatory action research (PAR) method is used as an approach in conducting research. PAR prioritizes participatory action, assessment, and learning through regular mentoring to encourage interactive community participation. In describing the general condition of the research location, qualitative descriptive analysis was used. Domestic water supply and demand are calculated based on the number and rate of population growth. The results showed that the settlement-based water management model in the two villages was able to produce water that exceeds the need and in sufficient quantity and quality in a sustainable manner. From the process of implementing the activities for 3 years, it can be seen that the PAR approach with mentoring has an impact on increasing the community's ability, self-confidence, and increasing their motivation to manage their natural resources better together. The PAR process also triggers an increase in public perception and trust in assistance from outside parties so that subsequent programs are more easily accepted by the community
Eliciting pyroptosis to fuel cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms and strategies
Authors: Wang Wuyin , Zhang Lu , Sun Zhijun
Published: July 2022

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has recently shown promise in treating several malignancies. However, only a limited number of patients respond to this treatment, partially because of the “immune cold” condition of the tumor immune microenvironment. Pyroptosis is a type of gasdermin-mediated programmed cell death that often leads to inflammation and immune responses. Many studies on the mechanism and function of pyroptosis have led to increasing recognition of the role of pyroptosis in malignant progression and immune therapy. Pyroptosis has the potential to alter the tumor immune microenvironment by releasing tumor-associated antigens, damage-associated molecular patterns, and proinflammatory cytokines, thus leading to intratumoral inflammatory responses, stimulation of tumor-specific cytotoxic T cell infiltration, conversion of “cold” to “hot” tumors, and ultimately improving the efficacy of ICB therapy. Some cancer treatments have been shown to restore anticancer immunosurveillance through the induction of pyroptosis. Therapy promoting pyroptosis and ICB therapy may have synergistic effects in cancer treatment. This review summarizes the mechanisms and roles of pyroptosis in the tumor microenvironment and combination treatment strategies. An improved understanding of the roles of pyroptosis in tumorigenesis, immune evasion, and treatment would aid in the development of therapeutic strategies for malignancies.
Study on Thermal Damage of Large-Span Ice Shell Structure Based on Thermal-Mechanical Coupling
Authors: Liu Xiuming , Wu Yue , Shen Shizhao
Published: July 2022

The large-span ice shell is a novel building style with the aid of inflatable formwork and water-spraying method. Ice material has strong temperature sensitivity, and the ice shell experiences complicated environmental conditions during the operation stage. A thermal-mechanical coupling
analysis framework is presented to explore the thermal effect of the ice shell. The transient simulation method for the non-uniform temperature field is established. A thermoelastic damage model for fibre-reinforced ice is derived and the thermal damage analysis method is conducted. Subsequently,
the non-uniform temperature field is mapped into the mechanical field of the ice shell structure to carry out the temperature effect and further evaluate the thermal damage. A large-span ice shell built in Harbin Ice and Snow World expounds the applicability of the proposed method in practice.
The distribution of non-uniform temperature field on the ice shell is investigated and thermal damage is further studied.
Analysis on the Collapse Resistance of the Loop-free Suspen-Dome Subjected to Cable or Strut Failure
Authors: Liu Renjie , Wang Chao , Xue Suduo , Zou Yao
Published: July 2022

Current suspen-domes use loop cables which are key elements and carry large tensions. Loop-free suspen-dome was proposed for improving the collapse resistance and reducing cable tensions. The collapse resistance of loop-free suspen-dome has not been verified. In this paper, analysis
on dynamic response of both current suspen-dome and loop-free suspen-dome induced by sudden cable or strut failure is performed to investigate the collapse resistance. Under the loaded state, cables or struts were suddenly removed from the structure to simulate cables or struts failure. Th
residual bearing capacity of the structure after the rupture was also analyzed. It is concluded that collapse resistance of the loop-free suspen-dome is good. Failure mode of the loop-free suspen-dome is proportionate. The effect on the loop-free suspen-dome due to initial failure grows proportionately
along with the quantity of failed members. It also turns out that cables in the loop-free suspen- dome are relatively independent. Only the failed cable loses tension, other cables still remain in tension. It is also found that the most important cable or strut in the loop-free suspen-dome
is in the outermost layer of the cable-strut system. More concern should be shown to the cables and struts in the outermost layer.
Pengkajian Terapi COVID-19 Pada Pasien Rawat Inap Komorbid Hipertensi Terhadap Derajat Keparahan Penyakit di RSJPD Harapan Kita
Authors: Kurniawan Adin Hakim , Puspita Nanda , Meitinawati Tri Indriyani , Lestiani Lestiani
Published: July 2022

Kematian akibat Covid-19 menurut Centers for Disease Control and Prevention di Amerika Serikat terjadi pada pasien rentan dan memiliki riwayat komorbid penyakit seperti hipertensi. Virus SARS Cov-19 masuk kedalam sel manusia dan menginfeksi melalui ikatan dengan reseptor Angitensin Converting Enzym 2 (ACE 2). Terapi farmakologi pada penanganan Covid-19 dengan riwayat komorbid hipertensi dalam tahap pengujian secara klinis masih perlu dilakukan monitoring pengobatan yang tepat dan rasional sehingga perlu pengkajian farmakoterapi berdasarkan derajat keparahan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami faktor yang mempengaruhi derajat keparahan penyakit dan karakteristik terapi Covid-19 pada pasien rawat inap komorbid hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cohort retrospective. Pengambilan data di RSJPD Harapan menggunakan rekam medis pasien rawat inap dengan pasien Covid-19  pada komorbid hipertensi pada periode November 2020 sampai April 2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan consequtive sampling dan Analisis statistik Chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan,dari 80 pasien, subjek penelitian laki-laki sebanyak 45 pasien (56,31%), usia produktif 45 pasien (56,30%). Kesesuaian peresepan dosis dan frekuensi terapi Covid-19sebesar 99,03%. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukan adanya perbedaan bermakna pada pemberian terapi suportif Covid-19 (p=0,034), saturasi oksigen (p=0,024) serta lama perawatan pasien (p=0,008) terhadap derajat keparahan penyakit. Adapun hasil terapi Covid-19 memiliki perbedaan bermakna terhadap derajat keparahan, terdapat pada terapi levofloxacin (p=0,034);osetalmivir (p=0,030); favipiravir (p=0,027); remdesivir (p=0,009) dan spironolakton (p=0,034).
Analisis Kualitatif Mengenai Peran dan Perilaku Apoteker di Apotek Terkait Penggunaan Telefarmasi Selama Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Sasanti Anisa Dwi , Maharani Laksmi , Sholihat Nia Kurnia , Purwonugroho Tunggul Adi , Mustikaningtias Ika , Ilma Dewi Latifatul
Published: July 2022

Pandemi coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) menyebabkan perubahan pelayanan kesehatan. Upaya mengurangi penyebaran COVID-19 adalah menjaga jarak dan menghindari kerumunan. Pada layanan kesehatan, telefarmasi memberikan akses cepat dan kenyamanan yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi peran dan perilaku apoteker dalam penggunaan telefarmasi serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerapan telefarmasi selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode non-eksperimental kualitatif fenomenologis melalui wawancara mendalam. Informan diambil hingga data jenuh dan diperoleh 5 informan. Wawancara dilakukan langsung maupun online. Keabsahan data melalui uji kredibilitas dengan member checking, uji transferabilitas dengan uraian rinci, uji dependabilitas dan uji konfirmabilitas melalui peer debrifing. Hasil wawancara dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan proses berpikir induktif. Peran apoteker dalam telefarmasi selama pandemi COVID-19 adalah memberikan layanan telefarmasi yang profesional, sedangkan perilaku apoteker adalah memanfaatkan telefarmasi untuk memberikan layanan farmasi klinik dan menggunakan media yang bervariasi. Faktor pendukung penerapan telefarmasi selama pandemi adalah kerja sama rekan sejawat dan keluarga pasien, peraturan terkait dukungan telefarmasi, dan pandemi COVID-19; sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah teknologi, hambatan finansial pasien, penerimaan pasien terhadap telefarmasi, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia dan waktu.
Modifications and Pharmaceutical Applications of Glucomannan as Novel Pharmaceutical Excipient in Indonesia: Review Article
Authors: Aanisah Nuur , Wardhana Yoga Windhu , Chaerunisa Anis Yohana
Published: July 2022

Currently, Indonesia is excessively dependent on imported raw materials, such as pharmaceutical excipients. In this regard, the current pandemic should remind the critical nature of independence in purchasing raw resources to cope with future dynamics. One of the causes of dependence is the lack of raw materials management, specifically from biological sources abundantly available. A significant advantage is directed towards natural excipients because large quantities of more affordable plants ensure sustained availability in nature. Therefore, this study highlighted the possibility of using excipients derived from natural resources that are commonly used yet underutilized in Indonesia, such as glucomannan (GM). Indonesia has the potential to produce GM, considering the high natural resources as its source. However, it has not been applied extensively in pharmaceutical preparations due to diverse uses in several countries' drug, food, and cosmetic industries. This study aimed to discuss the modifications of GM and their use as pharmaceutical excipients with better physical properties. Additionally, the potential of melinjo seeds that have not been widely used was also analyzed. Melinjo seeds can be used as a source of GM due to their fairly large polysaccharide of about 64.11%. This issue will promote national autonomy in developing novel pharmaceutical excipients derived from natural resources that are highly economical and innovative.
Penggunaan Antivirus Remdesivir untuk Pasien COVID-19 dengan Kehamilan: Studi Literatur
Authors: Siada Nyoman Budiartha , Juanita Rr Asih , Sanjaya Dwi Arymbhi , Meriyani Herleeyana , Rahayu Triska Ananda
Published: July 2022

COVID-19 merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh coronavirus jenis baru yang selanjutnya disebut SARS-CoV 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2). Terapi farmakologi yang diharapkan mampu mengatasi COVID-19 adalah pemberian antivirus. Remdesivir antivirus yang disetujui oleh Food and Drug Administration (FDA) untuk mengobati COVID-19. Namun, Remdesivir belum memiliki cukup data tentang keefektifan dan keamanannya untuk terapi pasien COVID-19 dengan kehamilan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu memuat informasi kajian literatur mengenai dosis pemberian, efek samping, dan rekomendasi pemberiannya dari berbagai artikel. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan menelaah artikel-artikel dan pedoman terapi yang relevan. Hasil kajian yang telah dilakukan, dosis Remdesivir sebagai antivirus adalah 200 mg melalui intravena pada hari pertama, diikuti dengan 100 mg melalui intravena pada hari berikutnya. Remdesivir memberikan efek samping seperti toksik pada hati hingga menyebabkan disfungsi hati, mual, gangguan gastrointestinal, diare, ruam kulit, disfungsi ginjal, sakit kepala, dan hipersensivitas. Penggunaan Remdesivir untuk pengobatan COVID-19 pada ibu hamil harus mempertimbangkan manfaat dan kemungkinan efek sampingnya, dikarenakan hingga saat ini belum dilakukan uji klinis terkait penggunaan pengobatan Remdesivir untuk COVID-19 pada kehamilan.
Pemberdayaan Kader Kesehatan untuk Mendukung Program Indonesia Sehat melalui Pendekatan Keluarga (PISPK) dan Tatalaksana Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Hipertensi dan Merokok
Authors: Sari Yulia , Haryati Sri , Setyawan Sigit , Prasita Negara Khesara Sastrin , Dirgahayu Paramasari , Wijayanti Lilik , Ma’rufah Siti , Listyaningsih S Endang , Riyadi Slamet , Supriyana Dwi Surya , Purnomo Sugeng
Published: July 2022

Pendahuluan: Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PISPK) adalah suatu program yang mempunyai sasaran meningkatnya derajat kesehatan dan status gizi masyarakat melalui upaya kesehatan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat yang didukung dengan perlindungan finansial dan pemerataan pelayanan kesehatan. Program Indonesia Sehat dilaksanakan dengan menegakkan penerapan paradigma sehat. Penerapan paradigma sehat dilakukan dengan strategi pengarusutamaan kesehatan dalam pembangunan, penguatan upaya promotif dan preventif, serta pemberdayaan masyarakat1. Tenaga medis dan kader kesehatan adalah pihak-pihak yang mempunyai peranan dalam pencapaian PISPK dan menurunkan angka kesakitan DM. Kader kesehatan sebagai sukarelawan dalam membantu pelayanan kesehatan bagi masyarakat. Kader perlu mendapat perhatian khusus untuk dapat membantu pencapaian indikator dalam PISPK dan penyakit DM. Pengabdian bertujuan memberikan penyuluhan dan pendampingan kepada kader Kesehatan. Materi berupa pengetahuan tentang diabetes melitus, hipertensi dan merokok.Untuk PISPK materi meliputi 12 indikator PISPK. Untuk DM meliputi makanan yang baik untuk penderita DM, kaki DM (diabetic food), komplikasi DM dan senam kaki untuk penderita DM.Selain kegiatan penyuluhan juga dilakukan demo terapi akupresur. Saat ini kebutuhan masyarakat akan terapi komplementer cukup tinggi. Kurang lebih 80% masyarakat Indonesia mencari pengobatan alternatif, ini karena dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain keyakinan, keuangan, reaksi obat kimia dan tingkat kesembuhan. Terapi komplementer merupakan terapi modalitas yang bersifat melengkapi terapi konvensional yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hasil pengobatan yang maksimal2.

Metode: Pengabdian ini akan dilakukan dengan metode HIRARC yaitu Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, dan Risk Control. Pengabdi memberikan intervensi berupa pendampingan kepada 30 kader masyarakat di wilayah Puskesmas Nguter Sukoharjo. Hasil dan pembahasan: Hasil posttest menunjukkan prosentase peningkatan pengetahuan diabetes melitus 12,2 %, hipertensi 6,33% dan merokok 2,33%.

Kesimpulan: Pelaksanaan pengabdian berjalan dengan efektif dengan peningkatan pengetahuan tentang diabetes melitus, hipertensi dan merokok dalam rangka mendukung Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PISPK), pencegahan Diabetes Mellitus, Hipertensi dan kebiasaan merokok.

 
ANAEROBIC BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT OF SUGAR PRODUCTION
Authors: Mariya Zinchenko  , Evgenija Ponomarenko  , Nataliia Bukatenko  , Olga Holubkina
Published: July 2022

Water usage of sugar beet factories is characterized by a high level of consumption and a large volume of generated wastewater with a high concentration of mineral and organic pollution. Artificial biological purification facilities are mainly used for purification of sugar production effluents. While a scheme with two-stage aeration tanks is the most widespread in our country,anaerobic-aerobic regimens are frequently used abroad. It is more cost-effective, since the oxidation of large amounts of organic substances exclusively under aerobic conditions is associated with high energy consumption. The use of anaerobic digestion at the first stage allows reducing the concentration of organic substances in effluents by 60-90%, while the post-purification of remaining contaminants is carried out in stage-two aeration tanks with lower energy consumption. To assess the appropriateness of using a digester in the system of purification facilities of a particular enterprise, it is necessary to have information on the effectiveness of digestion and the optimal purification regime of the wastewater of that particular enterprise. This work studies the process of anaerobic digestion of wastewater at one of the beet sugar factories in Ukraine. The experiments were carried out in a bioreactor with an upward flow of activated sludge. The method of mathematical planning of an experiment was used in order to shorten the duration of the research. As a result, data was obtained regarding the influence of determining factors (flow rate, pH, temperature) on biogas yield and substrate fermentation depth. Received data proves the effectiveness and prospects of using anaerobic digestion in the first stage of biological fermentation of wastewater at a sugar beet production.
SEMI–PERMEABLE MEMBRANE METHOD IN DRAINING-IMPREGNATION MODE IN THE INVESTIGATION OF OIL AND GAS COLLECTORS
Authors: Sergei Fedorovich Poverennyi  , Illia Mykhaylovych Fyk  , Olena Pavlovna Varavina  , Olena Olexandrivna Yatskevych
Published: July 2022

In the complex of petrophysical methods for studying reservoir rocks, the semi-permeable membrane method whereby the residual water saturation and the structure of the pore space are mainly determined during the modeling of the process of produced water displacement by gas during the deposit formation, is quite widely used. In this case, the membrane operates in drainage mode. To address issues that arise during the oil and gas fields development,  the reverse process is also of interest - modeling the reverse water flooding of the pore space when the gas pressure in the deposits decreases or during forced water flooding of the deposits, or when studying the processes of selective water flooding of wells. In this case, the membrane should work in the drainage mode for the first part of the experiment, creating residual water saturation, and.it should work in the impregnation mode fo rthe second part of theex periment. The drainage mode is described in sufficient detail in the literature, there are practically no materials on reverse impregnation. The carried out work was aimed at developing a semi-permeable membrane method for the drainage-impregnation regime to the extent of practical use, including carryingouta small number of test studies. The developed methodology will be explained in complete detail in the corresponding methodological manual, mainly its problematic aspects are considered here. Further application of the developed methodology will be aimed at solving specific problems arising in the process of hydrocarbon deposits development. Among the priority objects of study are the processes of gas displacement by oil from oil banks, oil displacement by water, oil and gas mixture displacement during the cycling process.
ACTIVATION METHOD OF CADMIUM TELLURIDE THIN FILMS FOR CREATION EFFECTIVE SOLAR CELLS
Authors: Khrypunov Maxim , Khrypunov Gennadiy , Dobrozhan Andrii , Shelest Tetiana , Kryvonis Svitlana
Published: July 2022

The influence of annealing in freon on the cadmium telluride films crystal structure obtained by closed space sublimation method and the output parameters and light diode characteristics of solar cells based on these films were studied. Annealing of structures was performed at a temperature of 400°С for different times. The studies of the crystal structure were performed by the X-ray diffraction analysis. These studies have shown that the annealing in freon leads to a recrystallization of cadmium telluride films, which reduces microstress. It is evidenced by the lattice period decrease after annealing from а = 6.491 Å to а = 6.488 Å. The study of the influence of annealing in freon on the output parameters and light diode characteristics of solar cells was performed. For this purpose the light current-voltage characteristics of ITO/SnO2/CdS/CdTe structures, annealed for 20‑40 minutes, were studied. It was found that the optimal annealing time in freon is 30 minutes. It is shown that the solar cells based on such films have the highest efficiency in 11.7% after annealing in freon for 30 minutes. A simulation of light diode characteristics influence on the efficiency showed that the solar cells efficiency increase due to the diode saturation current density decrease when the annealing time in freon increases to 30 minutes. When the annealing time increases to 40 minutes the efficiency decrease is associated with a shunt resistance decrease. It is also shown that the pre-irradiation of solar cells in the AM1.5 mode for 20 minutes leads to an additional efficiency increase to 12.2%. According to the simulation results, such efficiency increase is also due to the diode saturation current density decrease.
Aktivitas Sexting melalui Aplikasi Anonim
Authors: Wulandari Retno , Rinanta Sari Dian
Published: July 2022

This study aims to look at the problems in cybersex crime, one of which is Sexting activity, namely sexual behavior on mobile phones (phone sex), which is currently happening, especially in anonymous-based applications. This study aims to describe the motives for using the Whisper application, then how the process is to form a Sexting activity message, and what social impact is felt by Whisper account users. They use the Whisper application because Whisper is an anonymous-based application that is a place or place for users to do Sexting activities. Where Whisper has a chat rating for each user and always maintains the privacy of its users. Sexting itself is the activity of sending messages in the form of text, or photos through Roomchat social media. They chat using language that leads to sex, or send sex-related pictures to provoke their sexual fantasies. So they can imagine the fantasy and do masturbation and masturbation. On the other hand, the development of digital technology has brought human fantasy to the limit, creating three-dimensional spaces as if humans stepped from the real world to the fantasy world, a virtual world that looks real. When technology satisfies human desires/lusts, giving the charm of ecstasy, then moral values ​​seem to fall out one by one. Communication through the media keeps people trapped in simulation games that have nothing to do with reality. This situation is what Jean Baudrillard calls hyperreality. Imaging makes humans seem to come out of the real world and enter a fantasy world, a virtual world that looks very real. There's a simulation process there, full of visual manipulation.
Perubahan Sosial : Alih Fungsi Lahan pada Masyarakat Bekasi
Authors: Simatupang Liyola , Rizki Setiawan
Published: July 2022

Lahan lahan kosong ataupun lahan perkebunan di kota pinggiran sudah diperjual-belikan dan dibangun berbagai fasilitas berupa sarana dan prasarana untuk menunjang perkembangan kota. Perkembangan berupa pembangunan jalan, taman kota, cluster, outlet fashion, restaurant, dan lain lainnya sudah banyak dibangun sehingga berdampak pada kehidupan masyarakat. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pinggiran kota Bekasi dan mengetahui dampak serta perubahan kehidupan sosial apa saja yang terjadi akibat perkembangan pembangunan di kota pinggiran. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sekitar Bina Asih, Kecamatan Jatiasih, Kota Bekasi, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menjunjukkan bahwa awal pembangunan di Kecamatan Jatiasih diawali dengan pembangunan Jalan Tol Outer Ring Road yang sudah mulai beroperasi di tahun 2007, kemudian seiring berjalannya waktu lahan lahan kosong beralif fungsi dari pertanian menjadi pembangunan perumahan serta fasilitas sarana pendukung seperti rumah sakit, restaurant, outlet fashion, dan lain lain. Dampak dari pembangunan tersebut yaitu peningkatan jumlah penduduk, kasus pencurian, serta memudarnya nilai gotong royong. Perubahan sosial yang terjadi yaitu matapencaharian yang beragam dan masyarakat konsumsi.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 23.07.2022 г. по 29.07.2022 г.
Authors: Чумачкова Елена , Краснов Ярослав , Дмитриева Людмила , Осина Наталия , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: July 2022

В обзоре представлена информация по актуальным геновариантам вируса SARS-COV-2, циркулирующим в настоящее время, геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 23.07.2022 г. по 29.07.2022 г.
Investigation of Sources of Sediment Associated with Deposition in the Calcasieu Ship Channel
Authors: Brown Gary L. , Phu V. Luong
Published: July 2022

The Calcasieu Ship Channel (CSC) is a deep-draft federal channel located in southwest Louisiana. It is the channelized lowermost segment of the Calcasieu River, connecting Lake Charles to the Gulf of Mexico. With support from the Regional Sediment Management Program, the US Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District, requested that the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, perform an investigation of the potential sources of sediment associated with dredging in the CSC. A previous study had quantified sediment from known sources, indicating that the known sediment sources contribute approximately only 21% of the volume that is regularly dredged from the channel. This technical report details the results of the current study, which employed multiple methods, including numerical analysis, to identify potential additional sources of sediment by first examining the available literature and the modeled energetics and flow pathways, and then estimating the quantities of sediment associated with these identified sources that may be contributing to the shoaling of the CSC. The results of these efforts were used to update the original sediment budget with estimates of the contributions from two additional sources: the erosion of interior wetlands and coastally derived sediments.
Prevalence of Occupational Exposure to HIV and Factors Associated with Compliance with Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Health Workers of the Biyem-Assi, Buea, and Limbe Health Districts of Cameroon Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
Authors: Esum Mathias Eyong , Nwana Yvette Ngwe , Ngwayu Claude  Nfuksai , Lum Loveline Niba , Akoachere Akoachere Jane-Francis
Published: July 2022

Background: Although a few studies have assessed occupational exposure and knowledge on post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV among health care workers (HCWs), limited information is available on the factors that influence the use of HIV PEP among HCWs after occupational exposure in Cameroon. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of occupational exposure to HIV infection and identify factors (knowledge, attitudes, and practices) that influence compliance to the use of HIV PEP among HCWs in the Biyem-Assi, Buea, and Limbe health districts.
Methods: A stratified cross-sectional study was carried out among health care workers from the Biyem-Assi, Buea, and Limbe health districts of Cameroon. A structured questionnaire adapted from previous studies was administered on the socio-demographic status, occupational exposure to biological agents as well as information on knowledge, awareness of PEP guidelines, attitude, and practice of the HCWs towards HIV PEP.
Results: Of the 312 participants, 198 (63.5%) experienced an occupational injury, and 240 (76.9%) had a good attitude towards HIV PEP. Age, place of work, and inadequate knowledge were determinants of occupational exposure. Whereas, awareness of PEP guidelines and being a medical doctor influenced compliance with HIV PEP, with 158 (51.0%) having adequate knowledge of the guidelines. Out of the 198 who experienced occupational injury, 114 (57.6%) adopted the good practice and 60 (30.3%) made use of HIV PEP.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Over half of health care workers had occupational exposure to HIV with poor utilization of post-exposure prophylaxis though they were aware and knowledgeable of PEP guidelines and exhibited good practice. Compliance with HIV PEP utilization was influenced by gender, awareness of PEP guidelines, and specialty of the health care worker.
 
Copyright © 2022 Eyong et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Gujin Dan is a Chinese medicine formulation that stimulates cell proliferation and differentiation by controlling multiple genes involved in MC3T3-E1 cells﻿
Authors: Zhou Yu , Liu Chaozong , Zhou Zhenwei , Li Xin , Su Songchuan , Ng Liqi , Zhong Jinghong , Wang Ting-ting , Su Wenlong , Yang Jie , Peng Zeyu , Zhang Shanyong , Yao Baojin
Published: July 2022

Background: With the development of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in recent years, the use of TCM in the treatment of osteoporosis has received much attention and research. Gujin Dan (GJD) is one of the representative Chinese medicine formulations that work synergistically with 19 herbs and has been used for decades to treat cervical spondylosis, lumbar disc herniation, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. However, the exact molecular mechanism by which GJD is used to strengthen bones in the treatment of osteoporosis remains largely unknown. Methods: In this study, an aqueous extract of GJD was prepared and its components were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The effect of GJD aqueous extract on MC3T3-E1 cells was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and alizarin red S staining (ARS), combined with RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and qRT-PCR. Results: Our study showed that GJD significantly promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, as well as the synthesis and mineralisation of the extracellular matrix. GJD significantly increased the expression levels of genes that promote cell proliferation such as Adamts1, Mcam, Cyr61, Fos, Cebpd, Fosl2, Sirt1, Nipbl, Sema3c and Kcnq1ot1, up-regulated genes that inhibit apoptosis such as Gadd45a, Birc3, up-regulated genes that inhibit osteoclastogenesis such as Bcl6, Nfkbiz, Clcf1, Bcl3, Lgals3, Wisp1, Dusp1 and Fblim1, up-regulated genes that promote MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation such as Junb, Egr1, Klf10, Atf6, Malat1, Btg2, Sertad4, Zfyve16, Tet2, Creb5, Snai2, Fam46a, Calcrl and Pdzrn3. In addition, GJD mildly upregulated the expression levels of gene markers such as Atf4, Fn1, Usp7, Sox4, Col16a1, Spp1, Bmp1, Runx2, Bglap, Col12a1, and Alpl in osteoblasts. Conclusions: Our results show that GJD promotes the differentiation and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, inhibits osteoclast formation, and prevents osteoblast apoptosis. The present study significantly improves the current understanding of the molecular effects of GJD on MC3T3-E1 cells. This study also provides a new strategy for the further use of Chinese medicinal preparations against bone metabolism-related diseases.
Identification and validation of immune-related genes and immune cell infiltration in preeclampsia
Authors: Chen Rongxin , Han Qing , Zhang Huale , Yan Jianying
Published: July 2022

Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex multisystem disease, and its etiology remains unclear. The aim of this study was to identify potential immune-related diagnostic genes for PE, analyze the role of immune cell infiltration in PE. We used the dataset GSE25906 from Gene Expression Omnibus and immune-related genes from the ImmPort database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the “limma” package, and the differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIGs) were extracted from the DEGs and immune-related genes using Venn diagrams. The potential functions of DEIGs were determined. Furthermore, the protein–protein interaction network was obtained from the STRING database, and it was visualized using the Cytoscape software. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression and seven machine learning algorithms were used to verify the diagnostic markers of PE and build a predicting model. The model was validated using datasets GSE66273 and GSE75010. Finally, CIBERSORT was used to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells in PE tissues. Six genes (ACTG1, ENG, IFNGR1, ITGB2, NOD1, and SPP1) were identified. Datasets GSE66273 and GSE75010 were used to validate the model, and the area under the curve was 0.77 and 0.82, respectively. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed an increase in plasma cells and gamma delta T cells and a decrease in resting natural killer cells in the high score group according to the predictive model risk values. We developed a risk model to predict PE and proved that immune imbalance at the maternal–fetal interface plays a key role in the pathogenesis of PE.