bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neural reflex control of vascular inflammation
Authors: Caravaca A. S. , Centa M. , Gallina A. L. , Tarnawski L. , Olofsson P. S.
Published: January 2020

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease that underlies myocardial infarction and stroke. Efficacious treatment for hyperlipidemia and hypertension has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disease. However, atherosclerosis still confers a considerable risk of adverse cardiovascular events. In the current mechanistic understanding of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, inflammation is pivotal both in disease development and progression. Recent clinical data provided support for this notion and treatment targeting inflammation is currently being explored. Interestingly, neural reflexes regulate cytokine production and inflammation. Hence, new technology utilizing implantable devices to deliver electrical impulses to activate neural circuits are currently being investigated in treatment of inflammation. Hopefully, it may become possible to target vascular inflammation in cardiovascular disease using bioelectronic medicine. In this review, we discuss neural control of inflammation and the potential implications of new therapeutic strategies to treat cardiovascular disease.
Who wants to be a psychiatrist? Northern Ireland foundation doctors (2006–2018) are positive toward psychiatry as career choice
Authors: Doris Michael , Grimason Amy , Hughes Damien , O'Neill Edel , Parks Lorraine , Carragher Angela
Published: January 2020

Aims and method

Northern Ireland presents itself as an anomaly – a region in which only 31.8% of doctors enter into any training programme after completion of the Foundation Programme, but where Core Psychiatry has been consistently oversubscribed. Here, we aim to find what other regions can learn from this success. All doctors of any grade, working in psychiatry, who had been though the Foundation Programme were questioned on their motivations for becoming a psychiatry trainee.

Results

Sixty-two doctors currently working in psychiatry responded, including over 60% of current trainees, and 45% stated they had not considered a career in psychiatry before their foundation attachment. Over 80% preferred foundation placements in FY2 only, rather than in either foundation year 1 or FY2.

Clinical implications

This survey identifies that for the majority of people who ultimately chose to train in psychiatry, in a region that has consistently attracted candidates to core and higher level training, completion of a foundation psychiatry post was an influencing factor in this decision. A strong majority of doctors prefer the foundation psychiatry placement to be offered in FY2.
Genetic correlations between subcortical brain volumes and psychiatric disorders
Authors: Ohi Kazutaka , Shimada Takamitsu , Kataoka Yuzuru , Yasuyama Toshiki , Kawasaki Yasuhiro , Shioiri Toshiki , Thompson Paul M.
Published: January 2020

Psychiatric disorders as well as subcortical brain volumes are highly heritable. Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for these traits have been performed. We investigated the genetic correlations between five psychiatric disorders and the seven subcortical brain volumes and the intracranial volume from large-scale GWASs by linkage disequilibrium score regression. We revealed weak overlaps between the genetic variants associated with psychiatric disorders and subcortical brain and intracranial volumes, such as in schizophrenia and the hippocampus and bipolar disorder and the accumbens. We confirmed shared aetiology and polygenic architecture across the psychiatric disorders and the specific subcortical brain and intracranial volume.
Pathogenic Variants in Cancer Predisposition Genes and Prostate Cancer Risk in Men of African Ancestry
Authors: Matejcic Marco , Patel Yesha , Lilyquist Jenna , Hu Chunling , Lee Kun Y. , Gnanaolivu Rohan D. , Hart Steven N. , Polley Eric C. , Yadav Siddhartha , Boddicker Nicholas J. , Samara Raed , Xia Lucy , Sheng Xin , Lubmawa Alexander , Kiddu Vicky , Masaba Benon , Namuguzi Dan , Mutema George , Job Kuteesa , Dabanja Henry M. , Ingles Sue A. , Wilkens Lynne , Le Marchand Loic , Watya Stephen , Couch Fergus J. , Conti David V. , Haiman Christopher A.
Published: January 2020

PURPOSE

In studies of men of European ancestry, rare pathogenic variants in DNA repair pathway genes have been shown to be associated with risk of aggressive prostate cancer. The contribution of rare coding variation to prostate cancer risk in men of African ancestry has not been established.

METHODS

We sequenced a panel of 19 DNA repair and cancer predisposition genes in 2,453 African American and 1,151 Ugandan cases and controls with prostate cancer. Rare variants were classified as pathogenic or putatively functionally disruptive and examined in association with prostate cancer risk and disease aggressiveness in gene and pathway-level association analyses.

RESULTS

Pathogenic variants were found in 75 of 2,098 cases (3.6%) and 31 of 1,481 controls (2.1%; odds ratio [OR], 1.82; 95% CI, 1.19 to 2.79; P = .0044), with the association being stronger for more aggressive disease phenotypes (OR, 3.10; 95% CI, 1.54 to 6.23; P = .0022). The highest risks for aggressive disease were observed with pathogenic variants in the ATM, BRCA2, PALB2, and NBN genes, with ORs ranging from approximately 4 to 15 in the combined study sample of African American and Ugandan men. Rare, nonpathogenic, nonsynonymous variants did not have a major impact on risk of overall prostate cancer or disease aggressiveness.

CONCLUSION

Rare pathogenic variants in DNA repair genes have appreciable effects on risk of aggressive prostate cancer in men of African ancestry. These findings have potential implications for panel testing and risk stratification in this high-risk population.
Reactive oxygen species-mediated cytoplasmic stiffening impairs the phagocytic ability of the macrophage
Authors: Agarwal Mahesh , Biswas Parijat , Bhattacharya Anindita , Sinha Deepak Kumar
Published: January 2020

The phagocytic ability of macrophages empowers them to enforce innate immunity. RAW264.7, THP-1 and peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived macrophages display considerable variability with regards to their phagocytic ability. We identify the underlying causes that attenuate the phagocytic abilities of a macrophage. Deformability of the cytoplasm and cortex influences the macrophage's phagocytic ability, and macrophages use the large cell-to-cell variability of their cytoplasmic stiffness to modulate their phagocytic ability. We find that the more-deformable macrophages have a higher phagocytic ability than those that are less deformable. Further, the subcellular spatial variability of cortex stiffness gives rise to more-deformable subdomains on the membrane for pathogen ingestion. We report a previously unknown negative-feedback loop that is triggered by the phagocytic oxidative burst. Macrophages utilize the excess reactive oxygen species to stiffen the cytoplasm, reducing their phagocytic propensity. In organisms, ageing or pathological conditions impair the phagocytic ability of macrophages. Our findings identify the targets that could potentially be utilized for restoring the phagocytic ability of the defunct macrophages.
P2X7 receptor activation increases expression of caveolin-1 and formation of macrophage lipid rafts, thereby boosting CD39 activity
Authors: Savio Luiz Eduardo Baggio , de Andrade Mello Paola , Santos Stephanie Alexia Cristina Silva , de Sousa Júlia Costa , Oliveira Suellen D. S. , Minshall Richard D. , Kurtenbach Eleonora , Wu Yan , Longhi Maria Serena , Robson Simon C. , Coutinho-Silva Robson
Published: January 2020

Macrophages are tissue-resident immune cells that are crucial for the initiation and maintenance of immune responses. Purinergic signaling modulates macrophage activity and impacts cellular plasticity. The ATP-activated purinergic receptor P2X7 (also known as P2RX7) has pro-inflammatory properties, which contribute to macrophage activation. P2X7 receptor signaling is, in turn, modulated by ectonucleotidases, such as CD39 (also known as ENTPD1), expressed in caveolae and lipid rafts. Here, we examined P2X7 receptor activity and determined impacts on ectonucleotidase localization and function in macrophages primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). First, we verified that ATP boosts CD39 activity and caveolin-1 protein expression in LPS-primed macrophages. Drugs that disrupt cholesterol-enriched domains – such as nystatin and methyl-β-cyclodextrin – decreased CD39 enzymatic activity in all circumstances. We noted that CD39 colocalized with lipid raft markers (flotillin-2 and caveolin-1) in macrophages that had been primed with LPS followed by treatment with ATP. P2X7 receptor inhibition blocked these ATP-mediated increases in caveolin-1 expression and inhibited the colocalization with CD39. Further, we found that STAT3 activation is significantly attenuated caveolin-1-deficient macrophages treated with LPS or LPS+BzATP. Taken together, our data suggest that P2X7 receptor triggers the initiation of lipid raft-dependent mechanisms that upregulates CD39 activity and could contribute to limit macrophage responses restoring homeostasis.
High-resolution quantification of discrete phagocytic events by live cell time-lapse high-content microscopy imaging
Authors: Chu Charles C. , Pinney Jonathan J. , Whitehead Hannah E. , Rivera-Escalera Fatima , VanDerMeid Karl R. , Zent Clive S. , Elliott Michael R.
Published: January 2020

Phagocytosis is a dynamic process central to immunity and tissue homeostasis. Current methods for quantification of phagocytosis largely rely on indirect or static measurements, such as target clearance or dye uptake, and thus provide limited information about engulfment rates or target processing. Improved kinetic measurements of phagocytosis could provide useful, basic insights in many areas. We present a live-cell, time-lapse and high-content microscopy imaging method based on the detection and quantification of fluorescent dye ‘voids’ within phagocytes that result from target internalization to quantify phagocytic events with high temporal resolution. Using this method, we measure target cell densities and antibody concentrations needed for optimal antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis. We compare void formation and dye uptake methods for phagocytosis detection, and examine the connection between target cell engulfment and phagolysosomal processing. We demonstrate how this approach can be used to measure distinct forms of phagocytosis, and changes in macrophage morphology during phagocytosis related to both engulfment and target degradation. Our results provide a high-resolution method for quantifying phagocytosis that provides opportunities to better understand the cellular and molecular regulation of this fundamental biological process.
Intramembrane protease RHBDL4 cleaves oligosaccharyltransferase subunits to target them for ER-associated degradation
Authors: Knopf Julia D. , Landscheidt Nina , Pegg Cassandra L. , Schulz Benjamin L. , Kühnle Nathalie , Chao Chao-Wei , Huck Simon , Lemberg Marius K.
Published: January 2020

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident intramembrane rhomboid protease RHBDL4 generates metastable protein fragments and together with the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) machinery provides a clearance mechanism for aberrant and surplus proteins. However, the endogenous substrate spectrum and with that the role of RHBDL4 in physiological ERAD is mainly unknown. Here, we use a substrate trapping approach in combination with quantitative proteomics to identify physiological RHBDL4 substrates. This revealed oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex subunits such as the catalytic active subunit STT3A as substrates for the RHBDL4-dependent ERAD pathway. RHBDL4-catalysed cleavage inactivates OST subunits by triggering dislocation into the cytoplasm and subsequent proteasomal degradation. RHBDL4 thereby controls the abundance and activity of OST, suggesting a novel link between the ERAD machinery and glycosylation tuning.
A Single-Judge Solution to Beauty Contests
Authors: Huo Zhen , Pedroni Marcelo
Published: January 2020

We show that the equilibrium policy rule in beauty contest models is equivalent to that of a single agent’s forecast of the economic fundamental. This forecast is conditional on a modified information process, which simply discounts the precision of idiosyncratic shocks by the degree of strategic complementarity. The result holds for any linear Gaussian signal process (static or persistent, stationary or nonstationary, exogenous or endogenous), and also extends to network games. Theoretically, this result provides a sharp characterization of the equilibrium and its properties under dynamic information. Practically, it provides a straightforward method to solve models with complicated information structures. (JEL C72, D82, D83, D84)
Retirement Lock and Prescription Drug Insurance: Evidence from Medicare Part D
Authors: Wettstein Gal
Published: January 2020

I examine whether lack of an individual market for prescription drug insurance causes individuals to delay retirement. Exploiting the 2006 introduction of Medicare Part D, which subsidized drug insurance for Americans over age 65, I use a triple-differences design that compares labor outcomes of individuals with retiree health insurance up to age 65 to those with insurance for life, before and after age 65, before and after 2006. I find that those with benefits only to age 65 decreased full-time work by 8.4 percentage points, of which 70 percent was due to transitions to part-time work. (JEL G22, H51, I13, I18, J14, J26)
Convolutional neural network model based on terahertz imaging for integrated circuit defect detections
Authors: Mao Qi , Zhu Yunlong , Lv Cixing , Lu Yao , Yan Xiaohui , Yan Shihan , Liu Jingbo
Published: January 2020

Detection of integrated circuit (IC) defects is vital in IC manufacturing. Traditional defect detection methods have relied on scanning electron microscopy and X-ray imaging techniques that are time consuming and destructive. Hence, in this paper we considered terahertz imaging as a label-free and nondestructive alternative. This study aimed to use a convolutional neural network model (CNN) to improve the performance of the terahertz imaging IC detection system. First, we constructed a terahertz imaging IC dataset and analyzed it. Subsequently, a new CNN structure was proposed based on the VGG16 network. Finally, it was optimized based on its structure and dropout rate. The method proposed above can improve IC defects detection accuracy of THz imaging. Most significantly, this work will promote the application of terahertz imaging in practice and provide a foundation to further research in relevant fields.
Precision improvement in frequency scanning interferometry based on suppression of the magnification effect
Authors: Shang Yue , Lin Jiarui , Yang Linghui , Liu Yang , Wu Tengfei , Zhou Qiang , Zhu Jigui
Published: January 2020

Frequency scanning interferometry (FSI) is a promising technique for absolute distance measurement and has been demonstrated in many industrial applications. However, in practice, the measurement precision is limited and sensitive to the variations of the measured distance while sweeping the optical frequency of the laser. The induced errors would be amplified by hundreds of times due to the magnification effect. In this paper, an incremental interferometer was established on the basic scheme of the FSI system for monitoring the variations of distance. The compensation could be achieved by multiplying the heterodyne signals from monitor and measurement interferometer without complex and time–costing data processing. The system performance has been verified by experiments for different kinds of vibrating targets. Finally, after compensation by suppression of the magnification effects, a measurement precision of 4.26 μm has been achieved in a range of 10 m.
Polarity inversion of crystal quartz using a quasi-phase matching stamp
Authors: Ishizuki Hideki , Taira Takunori
Published: January 2020

Stress-induced polarity inversion of crystal quartz using a quasi-phase matching (QPM) stamp is proposed for a QPM frequency conversion quartz device. Fabrication of QPM structure in x-cut quartz plate could be realized using the periodically patterned QPM stamp. Also, second-harmonic 532 nm generation with 16.8 kW peak intensity was demonstrated using a QPM quartz device with QPM period of 124 µm (3rd-order QPM) to confirm its polarity-inverted structure.
Research and Industry News
Authors: Cartlidge Edwin , Daukantas Patricia , Kim Meeri , Moser Molly , Schulz William , Wills Stewart
Published: January 2020

Quantum optics meets enzyme biology / Machine-learning microscope
/ Fiber maps subsea faults / Cellulose-based optical fiber / Transparent
solar cells / LEDs save sea turtles / Scientists return to China / Record
sales for Zeiss / Optical tweezers for scattering media
Literatura y tradición oral argelinas en lengua española
Authors: Hadj-Ali Mouhoub Souad
Published: January 2020

Argelia está empezando a despertar interés en España. Uno de los vínculos entre ambos países se ha establecido a través de la literatura. Muchas grandes obras argelinas pueden leerse en castellano gracias a la labor de las y los traductores que han considerado la importancia de descubrir al otro a través de sus escritos. Pero algunos investigadores han ido más allá y se han interesado por la tradición oral argelina, convencidos de que en la oralidad está la esencia de los pueblos y sus culturas, y así han contribuido a la recuperación de esta tradición y transmitirla en lengua española.
Llegada de los Moriscos a Orán
Authors: Mestre Vicent
Published: January 2020

En las páginas siguientes se reproduce el lienzo de «Llegada de los Moriscos a Orán» de la serie: La expulsión de los moriscos [1613], óleo sobre tela. 111 x 174 cm. obra de Vicent Mestre. Colección Bancaja. Imagen del catálogo La expulsión de los moriscos del Reino de Valencia, Valencia, Fundación Bancaja, 1997.
Edición de las coplas de Ibrahim de Bolfad, andaluz ciego de nacimiento, vecino de Argel
Authors: Donoso Isaac
Published: January 2020

Se edita por primera vez de forma unitaria y en texto completo las 114 coplas de Ibrahim de Bolfad, morisco vecino de Argel, diseminadas a lo largo del manuscrito 9653 conservado en la Biblioteca Nacional de España. La fecha de su composición es aproximadamente el primer tercio del siglo xvii, en la ciudad de Argel. El poema de Bolfad se edita respetando completamente la ortografía del original. Nuestra intervención se ciñe únicamente a la actualización de la acentuación gráfica, el encabezado de la composición, la numeración y la puntuación.
Synthesis and Anti-inflammatory Activity of 2-Methoxy-4-(1-phenyl-3-
methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)phenol) and Its Aminomethyl Derivatives
Authors: Hayun H. , Fauzan R.N. , Wibowo N.T. , Asrianingtiyas A. , Afriliana N. , Ananda T.
Published: January 2020

Using heat-induced protein denaturation technique, a series of novel synthesized 1,5-diarylpyrazole compounds, namely 2-methoxy-4-(1-phenyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)phenol (1) and its aminomethyl derivatives (2a-e) were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory potentiality. The structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated using FTIR, NMR (1H & 13C) and mass spectral data. The study found that the activity of aminomethyl derivatives (2a-e) was higher than that of parent compound
1. In this series, aminomethyl derivatives bearing dimethylamino-methyl, diethylaminomethyl and pyrrolidinomethyl moieties (2a, 2c and 2e, respectively) were more active than diclofenac sodium, which was used as a standard. A study on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) suggested that the activity of aminomethyl moiety of the compound was influenced by its pKa value. Thus, novel compounds act as potential anti-inflammatory agents.
Novel Fluorinated Imidazolium Ionic Liquids: Eco-friendly, Facile and Efficient
Construction, Characterization, in vitro Anticancer Activity, Toxicity and in silico Analysis
Authors: Albalawi Ahmed H. , Almutairi Saud M. , Aljuhani Ateyatallah , Sahu Pramod K. , Sahu Praveen K. , Rezki Nadjet , Aouad Mohamed R. , Messali Mouslim
Published: January 2020

An efficient and facile synthesis of novel fluorinated imidazolium-tagged ionic liquids under microwave irradiation is described. Novel prepared ionic liquids was identified and confirmed by spectroscopic and elemental analysis. Synthesized ionic liquids (1-12) was explored for their antiproliferative inhibition potency against three selected human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HepG-2 and CACO2). Screening results have revealed that some tested ionic liquids exhibited promising activity compared with standard drugs, especially compounds 5 and 6 which consistently produced low IC50 values. Preliminary structure activity relationship (SAR) studies have been performed to identify the relation
between molecular structure and activity. in silico Analysis of ionic liquids was carried out based on ADME, Lipinski rule, drug likeness, toxicity profiles and other physico-chemical properties. All compounds were safe in toxicity profile and computed LD50 values were in accepted range (2.55-2.89 mol/kg). in silico Results have shown that Lipinski rule of five was in accept range, except compound 1 and 2.
Periodontal Vaccines-A systematic Review
Authors: Meenakshi Swarna , Varghese Sheeja
Published: January 2020

Background: vaccination is the best known application of immunology to human health. Effective vaccines have successfully eradicated the prevalence of several infectious diseases that were common less than a generation ago. The success of Periodontal vaccines is still elusive due to the complexity of periodontal pathogens that have multiple serotypes. No periodontal vaccine trials have satisfied all the requirements such as preventing colonization of pathogens, protection against tissue destruction and alveolar bone loss, elicit immunoglobulins for phagocytosis, stimulation of T-helper cells. This review aims to discuss the various immunization strategies attempted so far. Aim: this review aims to discuss the various in-vitro and in-vivo studies that present supporting evidence for the feasibility of formulating a prophylactic periodontal vaccine that could emerge as an adjunct to mechanical therapy in the future. Material and Methods: An extensive literature Search was performed in  electronic databases, such as PUBMED, Cochrane central register of controlled trials, Google scholar and science direct  using various search terms such as “ periodontal vaccines”, “ porphyromonas gingivalis”, “chronic periodontitis”, ” genomic vaccine ”, “ recombinant vaccine”, “immune response” ," vaccination against periodontal bacteria". No limits and language restriction were applied during the electronic search to include all the possible animal studies , clinical trials in the potential relevant article search phase of the systematic review.  Conclusion: Studies evaluating Porphyromonas gingivalis are the most common and the structures showing the most potential as a vaccine candidate are Outer membrane proteins, fimbriae and gingipains, the structure having the least potential is Lipopolysaccharide.KEYWORDSPeriodontitis; Vaccine; Virulence; Gingipains; Immune response; Animal studies.
Fracture load of nano-ceramic composite material for anterior endocrown restorations
Authors: Alghalayini Salma , Ebeid Kamal Khaled , Aldahrab Ayman , Wahsh Marwa
Published: January 2020

Objective: To evaluate ability of Nano Ceramic Composite endocrown to withstand occlusal forces when used in the anterior region. Material and Methods: Eighty endodontically treated maxillary central incisors teeth were randomly divided into two main groups according to the restoration type.  40 of these teeth were post, core and crown restorations and 40 were endocrown restorations.  Then they were divided by halves into two subgroups according to the material used 20 were made with Lava Ultimate and the other 20 with IPS e.max. Each subgroup was then further subdivided into two divisions according to the remaining tooth structure above the CEJ (n=10): 2 mm and 0.5 mm above the CEJ. After teeth preparation, the restorations were all made by CAD/CAM system (Cerec MCXL). All samples had undergone cyclic fatigue testing, and then loaded to fracture using a universal testing machine. The specimens were measured and statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney test for comparing the mean changes between the groups. Results:  Lava Ultimate showed higher mean fracture load values than IPS e.max specimens. Conclusion: Endocrowns were found to be more favorable when used on endodontically treated teeth than the conventional post, core and crown restorations.KEYWORDSEndocrowns; All-ceramic; Fracture; Cyclic loading.
Operational performance and losses in mechanized soybean harvesting as a function of field shape
Authors: Segatto Strini Paixão Carla , Damasceno André Ferreira , Voltarelli Murilo Aparecido , Spaggiari Alcântara Aline , Pereira da Silva Rouverson
Published: January 2020

Information on the capacity, operational efficiency, and performance of the harvester is very important in the management of agricultural mechanized systems, influencing decisions made with the aim of optimization. This study aimed to evaluate times, movements, and quality of mechanical soybean harvest operations in different shapes of the plots. Operational performance parameters of the harvester and variables representative of the agronomic aspects of the crop were used as indicators through statistical process control tools. Mechanized harvesting was carried out at a farm located in Uberaba, Minas Gerais, and the experimental design was completely randomized, with 18, 28, and 24 repetitions in irregular, rectangular, and trapezoidal fields, respectively. The activities of the harvester (harvest, unloading, handling, and climate charts) were monitored. The indicators of quality for harvester performance were: forward speed, engine and cylinder rotation and concave opening. The losses were determined: on the platform, internal mechanisms, total and in relation to productivity. The managerial efficiency and shunt time presented better results for the trapezoidal and rectangular section, respectively. All quality indicators evaluated were within the limits of statistical control, characterizing quality and reliability of the soybean harvesting operation.
Phenology and production of guava tree cv. “Paluma” pruned at different seasons in Mossoro – RN, Brazil.
Authors: Farias Wagner César , Câmara Francisco Mickael Medeiros , Pereira Eduardo Castro , Costa José Maria , Pereira Gustavo Alves , Mendonça Vander
Published: January 2020

The pruning allows fruit harvest in different periods, according to the grower decision, being economically viable. The harvest can be scheduled according to the agronomical traits and due to the market price. The experiment was conducted in the didactic orchard of the Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA), from April 2013 to December 2014, in the municipality of Mossoro-RN. It was carried out in a randomized block design, with treatments arranged in a split-plot, which were composed by pruning periods, conducted in April (2013), November (2013) and July (2014). The subplots consisted of pruning intensities (short, medium and long); with four repetitions, where the experimental unit consisted of two plants that was pruned with 8 marked branches. From pruning to harvest, the the following botanical characteristics were evaluated in the marked branches: number of emitted sprouts by branches pruned at the day 15th (NBE); number of established branches by branches pruned at the day 50th (NRE); number of productive branches (NRP); vegetative number (VRN) and the total number of fruits (NFT). The evaluated characteristics presented a significant effect. The long pruning resulted in a higher number of fruits for all evaluated seasons. The best months for pruning was November and July. The guava tree ‘Paluma’ cycle, from pruning to harvest can vary according to the period of pruning, with 132 days in July and 150 days in April.

durando entre 132 em julho a 150 dias em abril.
Maturation and physiological quality of IAC-863 Rangpur lime seeds
Authors: Morelli Marília , Azevedo Fernando Alves de , Conceição Patrícia Marluci da , Souza Ana Julia Borim de
Published: January 2020

There is a growing demand for high quality seeds to obtain citrus rootstocks. Normative Instruction 48 (MAPA) of September 24, 2013, requires minimum of 50% germination for the marketing of citrus seeds. Harvest season is one of the stages of seed production with great importance to ensure quality, which makes knowing its maturation process an important step. Thus, the objective of this study was to monitor physicochemical changes in IAC-863 Rangpur lime fruits in order to characterize the physiological maturity of seeds, and to define the ideal harvest point in order to obtain seeds with high physiological quality to obtain rootstocks. Physicochemical analysis of fruits (mass loss, color, soluble solids and acidity) and analysis of seeds (water content, germination and emergence) was performed. Higher germination results were observed in seeds obtained from fruits with higher color index and soluble solids content. The storage of IAC-863 Rangpur lime fruits after harvest increases germination rate, especially in mid-season fruits.
El misterio rupestre
Authors: González Antonio
Published: January 2020

La determinación del significado filosófico de la «religión» es una tarea compleja, que debe considerar lo histórico, lo descriptivo y lo crítico, tratando de abarcar los distintos elementos implicados en un concepto tan saturado de matices. El examen de algunas manifestaciones prehistóricas, como las pinturas rupestres, cuyo sentido determinado posiblemente se nos escape para siempre, puede servir paradójicamente como vía de acceso a algunos elementos constitutivos de lo religioso, precisamente situados más allá de su concreción cultural.
«She’s not there» (a vueltas con dos poemas de Borges)
Authors: Vázquez-Romero José Manuel
Published: January 2020

A partir de dos poemas de Borges («Nostalgia del presente», «Le regret d’Héraclite») se emprende un análisis de la experiencia del instante, inicialmente al trasluz de la crítica hegeliana de la inmediatez sensible como decir inconsciente, para, después, trasponerla al vacío constitutivo de la identidad que destapa el deseo, empresa que conduce hasta un fenómeno del presente como diástasis que depara la presencia de la ausencia (alteridad y muerte).
La etapa claretiana de J. D. García Bacca. Contraste de interpretaciones
Authors: Beorlegui Carlos
Published: January 2020

Hasta la publicación del libro de Jorge M. Ayala sobre los años que García Bacca permaneció en la institución claretiana, sabíamos muy poco sobre esa fase de la vida del filósofo hispanovenezolano. Los datos que aporta Ayala sobre estos años resultan claves para conocer mejor su vida. Pero el enfoque desde el que Ayala ha escrito su libro limita de una forma importante los incontestables logros que contiene. El objeto de este artículo es desmontar muchas de las apreciaciones y juicios que Ayala proyecta sobre García Bacca, así como sobre todo el sesgado horizonte interpretativo desde el que enfoca los sucesos de la guerra civil española y las muchas víctimas que causó, sobre todo entre los religiosos claretianos.
Reduksi Kurkumin: Kajian Awal Elektrosintesis dalam Sistem Etanol
Authors: Widodo Didik Setiyo , Haris Abdul , Nawatuttuqoh Nawatuttuqoh
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan suatu kajian pendahuluan reduksi kurkumin dalam sistem larutan etanol dengan pendekatan elektrokimia. Kurkumin telah banyak digunakan dalam bidang pangan dan farmasi dan sebagian kecil analisis kimia. Dalam bidang kimia, kurkumin telah digunakan sebagai pereduksi logam dan pengkhelat ion-ion logam. Aplikasi yang beragam ini didasarkan pada keberadaan gugus β-diketon yang dalam tinjauan reaksi reduksi dan oksidasi gugus ini dapat mengalami serangan elektron dan/ atau membentuk ikatan dengan substat lain. Untuk mengkaji lebih lanjut dan memperkaya aplikasi senyawa ini berikutnya dilakukan modifikasi gugus tersebut untuk membentuk suatu dimer atau senyawaan lain dengan pendekatan elektrokimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh produk reduksi senyawa kurkumin untuk memperluas pemanfaatan kurkumin dalam bidang kimia, analisis kimia dan sintesis. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengelektrolisis larutan kurkumin dalam sistem etanol pada potensial terkontrol 1,8 V dan 2,0 V dengan variasi elektroda kerja (C dan Cu) dan pH (1 dan 4) selama selama 2 jam dan hasil elektrolisis dianalisis dengan FTIR. Data yang diperoleh, elektrolisis pada petensial kerja 2,0 volt untuk pH 1 dan 1,8 volt untuk pH 4 melibatkan masing-masing satu elektron dan 3 elektron. Konfirmasi lanjut terhadap data FTIR disimpulkan bahwa produk dengan kode Pc-1 (proses pada pH 1) adalah suatu pinakol dan produk berkode Pc-2 (proses pada pH 4) merupakan senyawa siklis.Kata kunci: kurkumin, elekrolisis, elektroreduksi
Elektrodekolorisasi Indigo Karmin Menggunakan Alumina dan Karbon Bekas
Authors: Sriatun Sriatun , Kuwatno Kuwatno , Suhartana Suhartana
Published: January 2020

Dekolorisasi zat warna indigo karmin telah dilakukan dengan metode elektrolisis. Dalam metode ini telah diteliti pengaruh pH dan temperatur terhadap kemampuan dekolorisasi indigo karmin. Adanya elektrokoagulasi/elektroflokulasi disebabkan oleh kemampuan flok Al(OH)3 mengadsorb indigo karmin dan membentuk kompleks Al-indigo karmin. Flok Al(OH)3 dihasilkan oleh elektrolisis larutan dengan menggunakan alumunium bekas sebagai anoda dan karbon sisa baterai sebagai katoda. Elektrolisis dilakukan selama 150 menit dengan tegangan luar 12 Volt. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan dekorisasi terhadap indigo karmin oleh flok Al(OH)3 dipengaruhi oleh pH dan temperatur larutan. Kemampuan dekolorisasi minimum pada pH=6 dan akan meningkat pada kondisi basa dan asam. Persentase dekolorisasi maksimum pada temperatur ruang adalah 51,95% pada pH=14. Persentase dekolorisasi optimum adalah 98,33% pada temperatur 70oC pada pH=10.Kata kunci : elektrodekolorisasi, indigo karmin, alumunium
Antiglycation and Antioxidant Activity from Methanol Extract and Fraction of Xylocarpus granatum Stem
Authors: Noviarni Intan , Batubara Irmanida , Putri Sastia Prama
Published: January 2020

The objective of this research was to determine the antioxidant and antiglycation activity of methanol crude extract of Xylocarpus granatum stem and its fraction. The methanol crude extract was fractioned by liquid-liquid extraction to obtain three fractions, which were n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and methanol fraction. Antioxidant activity was performed using scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The antiaging activity was identified based on the ability to inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The results of the study showed that methanol crude extract and all fractions had an antioxidant and antiglycation activity that significantly different from each other (P<0.05). The results show that the most active antiglycation and antioxidant activity was the methanol fraction with IC50 were 71.55 ppm and 8.52 ppm, respectively. The methanol fraction contained an alkaloid, flavonoid, phenolic, and triterpenoid compounds. Subsequent fractionation of the methanol fraction guided by bioassay showed that sub-fraction 1 had the best antiglycation and antioxidant activity. Based on the color of the chromatogram obtained at UV 366 nm, the chemical component contained in the most active fraction was the flavonoid group.
MEME: UPAYA REKONSILIASI 4.0 DALAM PEMILIHAN UMUM 2019
Authors: Tinambunan Hezron Sabar Rotua
Published: January 2020

Polarisasi yang disebabkan oleh tingginya tensi politik pada Pemilu 2019 dikhawatirkan akan menyebabkan terjadinya retakan sosial jika masyarakat sendiri tidak menjaga solidaritas antar sesama. Perlu adanya rekonsiliasi baik dari pihak pasangan calon serta para pendukungnya guna menciptakan ketenangan di kalangan masyarakat agar kehidupan kembali berjalan normal tanpa adanya keresahan dan bahkan terkadang ketegangan antar sesama manusia. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum atau legal research. Meme yang mempunyai kandungan atau pesan ajakan maupun imbauan untuk bersinergi, berdamai, ‘menyatu kembali’ dapat meminimalisir konflik horisontal di dunia virtual, yang mana hal ini dapat menunjang agar para elit politik melakukan rekonsiliasi secara langsung (lapangan) untuk menjaga keutuhan bangsa. Sehingga dengan adanya meme politik ini, hendaknya menguatkan proses demokratisasi untuk negara kita di masa mendatang.
Youth civic participation from the perspective of Polish and Lithuanian institutions as illustrated by project South Baltic Youth Core Group Network
Authors: Gomółka Krystyna , Borucińska Izabela
Published: January 2020

The aim of the paper was to show youth civic participation in the opinion of employees of institutions operating in 5 Polish municipalities: Dzierzgoń, Elbląg, Gdynia, Iława and Nowe Miasto Lubawskie and the Lithuanian municipality of Teslai. Within the SB YCGN project, a diagnostic survey was conducted using an online survey technique on 118 respondents from 53 Polish institutions and 47 respondents from 10 Lithuanian institutions.. Based on the results of quantitative research, the hypothesis was confirmed: similarities in the level of civic participation of young people, barriers, needs and effective methods of operation in the analysed communes from Poland and Lithuania determine the need to strengthen cross-border cooperation.
The evolution of the positions on social issues of major political parties in Poland. Comparative analysis of the election programs of Platforma Obywatelska (Civic Platform) and Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (Law and Justice) from 2007, 2011 and 2015
Authors: Gabryszak Renata
Published: January 2020

For many years after 1989, in the Polish socio-political discourse, the issues related to social policy were subordinated to economic matters, in accordance with the assumption that the construction of a stable market system is a priority for Polish transformations. High unemployment rate, growing poverty of Polish families, demographic collapse, and finally the global economic crisis of 2008, prompted the most important actors of political life to pay attention to social policy and to include discussions about its desired shape to the electoral agenda. The aim of the article is to characterize and analyze the evolution of positions on social issues of the largest political parties, i.e. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość and Platforma Obywatelska based on their electoral programs in 2007, 2011 and 2015.
China’s Strategic Economic Growth (1978-2018)
Authors: Moiseev Vladimir , Nitsevich Victor , Sudorgin Oleg
Published: January 2020

Today, China is the leading economic power, its gross domestic product (GDP) increased from 1979 to 2018 in 50 times, to $13,2 trillion. This is 10 times the GDP of Russia and almost 30 times the GDP of Poland. China’s nominal GDP is the second in the world after the United States. The authors not only reveal the factors of the Chinese phenomenon, but also attempt to analyze the main components of China’s success in economic development. The purpose of this study is a comprehensive analysis of key features of China’s economic development strategy. Тhe authors examine the key features of China’s economic development strategy, the priority directions of its modernization: public administration reforms, state regulation of the economy, analyze the features of attracting national and foreign investments for a breakthrough in socio-economic development. Тhe authors used the analytical, comparative, institutional and sociological methods.
Bohaterstwo narodowe w kontekście świeckim i religijnym – o powiązaniach między nacjonalizmem, religią a edukacją
Authors: Hilderbrandt-Wypych Dobrochna
Published: January 2020

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Muzykowanie z fińskim akcentem. Edukacja muzyczna w nauczaniu początkowym w Finlandii
Authors: Adamczewski Jakub
Published: January 2020

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Wyzwania stojące przed początkującymi nauczycielami nauczania specjalnego przygotowującymi zindywidualizowane programy edukacyjne dla uczniów ze specjalnymi potrzebam
Authors: Bar Nava
Published: January 2020

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Dyrektorzy szkół w Polsce – wymagania, struktura, zadania
Authors: Madalińska-Michalak Joanna
Published: January 2020

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Catholic doctrine and spirituality and the contemporary understanding of sexuality
Authors: Sawa Przemysław
Published: January 2020

A positive, Christian understanding is necessary in the discussion about human sexuality and sexual liberation. However, it cannot be limited to presenting the moral evaluation of sexual activities. A deep doctrinal foundation is needed. This should include: (1) gender identity based on the fact of creation, (2) physical and spiritual, earthly and eternal unity all being the realization of the Christological (incarnational) model. Accepting this attitude leads to the constructive response to the challenges of contemporary world. The claim of integration of all aspects of humanity and accepting the relation between corporeality and spirituality overcomes sexualization and reduction of sexuality to just the physical act, enslavement of the body and devaluation of sexuality and sexual activities and the suggestion that angelism could be an ideal of human maturity. The Christological model presumes harmony and integrity of each person.
Kościół miejscem zranienia i uzdrowienia. Historia pojednania Anyesie Mukankaka z Rwandy
Authors: Stelmach Dawid
Published: January 2020

Minęło już 25 lat od ludobójstwa w Rwandzie, które miało miejsce w 1994 roku. W zbiorowej świadomości ten afrykański kraj został doświadczony ludobójstwem. Jednak 1 000 000 ofiar to przede wszystkim osobiste dramaty Rwandyjczyków i ich rodzin. Świadectwo Anyesie Mukankaki pokazuje, w jaki sposób kobieta, która straciła męża i dzieci, zmaga się z wyzwaniem przebaczenia swoim życiu, jaką rolę w tym procesie odgrywa także Kościół katolicki. W historii jej życia widać, że Kościół był miejscem, gdzie została zraniona, ale w Kościele doświadczyła także daru przebaczenia i pojednania. Obecnie Kościół katolicki w Rwandzie inspiruje poszczególnych ludzi do działania na rzecz sprawiedliwości, pojednania i do podjęcia terapii celu uleczenia ich straumatyzowanego życia. Historia rwandyjskiego Kościoła najczęściej dzisiaj przywoływana jest kontekście udziału jego członków w ludobójstwie, jednak prawda jest taka, że ponad 250 duchownych katolickich oddało swoje życie w obronie prześladowanych Tutsi. W rwandyjskim Kościele ludzie byli ranieni, był on także raniony w tragicznych wydarzeniach 1994 roku, a obecnie podejmuje leczenie ofiar ludobójstwa.
Edukacja domowa a sedno wycho(wy)wania
Authors: Budajczak Marek
Published: January 2020

W artykule tym przedstawia się relacje między edukacją domową a wychowaniem w jego ośrodkowym, moralnym sensie. Zaprezentowano tu najpierw, obok definicji kluczowych pojęć, uwagi o politycznym statusie edukacji. Określona została – tak co do motywów dla jej podejmowania, jak i pragmatycznych modalności – edukacja domowa. Owe modalności odniesiono wreszcie do edukacji moralnej, jako egzemplifikacje przywołując obrazy pędzla mistrzów malarstwa europejskiego. Całość podkreśla niesubstytuowalną rolę rodziny w wychowywaniu dziecka.
Wychowanie dzieci w tradycji biblijnej
Authors: Szymik Stefan
Published: January 2020

Autor opracowania przedstawia problematykę wychowania i edukacji dzieci żydowskich w świetle danych biblijnej. Realizując cel omawia wpierw środowisko wychowania dzieci, którym w Biblii była przede wszystkim wielopokoleniowa rodzina izraelska i następnie żydowska, a także z biegiem czasu forma instytucjonalna (szkoła) i głównie synagoga w czasach chrześcijańskich. W kolejnym punkcie zostały przedstawione wielorakie metody wychowywania i edukacji dzieci i młodzieży, wśród nich również element posłuszeństwa i karności stale obecny w tradycji biblijnej (Prz 13,24; 22,15; 23,12 itd.). W zakończeniu artykułu czytelnik znajdzie omówienie głównych treści wychowania i edukacji dzieci, pośród których wychowanie religijne miało znaczenie nadrzędne. W opinii autora część przywołanych elementów biblijnego wychowywania i edukacji zachowuje swoją trwałą wartość, w tym rodzina jako podstawowe środowiska wychowywania dzieci, następnie dobry przykład życia rodziców i innych członków rodziny. Nie bez znaczenia jest również religijne wychowanie dzieci i młodzieży, którego doniosłość autorzy biblijni podkreślają wielokrotnie.
Społeczno-wychowawcza rola seniorów (dziadków) w rodzinie
Authors: Młyński Józef
Published: January 2020

Artykuł podejmuje tematykę wychowawczej roli seniorów(dziadków) w rodzinie. Celem jest ukazanie konkretnie wychowawczej i socjalizacyjnej roli w obszarach: wychowanie w rodzinie, wychowanie kulturowe, wychowanie społeczne, wychowanie religijno-moralne oraz analiza ich kapitału intelektualnego racjonalizowanego, jako mądrość starca. Z analizy wynika, że role seniorów nadal mają ważny wpływ wychowawczy na dorastających wnuków. Dobre kontakty z dziadkami uczą nastolatków miłości i troski o drugiego człowieka, poznania historii rodziny, tradycji i wiary w domu.  Wciąż są jeszcze strażnikami: pamięci zbiorowej, więzi rodzinnych, kronikarzami historii, mądrością wiary, moralności i dziedzictwa kulturowego. Zauważa się jednak, iż rady udzielane młodemu pokoleniu nie dla wszystkich stanowią uniwersalną receptę na szczęśliwe życie.
İŞLETMELERDEKİ ISO 9001 UYGULAMALARININ 'İŞGÖRENİ GÜÇLENDİRME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİ' BELİRLEMEYE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: KARAKOÇ Nihat , BIYIKLILAR N. Özge
Published: January 2020

Variations, which appear in interior and exterior environmental conditions, have obliged management understanding in companies to be transformed from being traditional to contemporary. Employee empowerment is one of the basic elements of contemporary management understanding. In this study, the effects of applications of ISO 9001 Quality Management System called as the first step of transition to Total Quality Management on employee empowerment have been investigated. With regard to this subject, a research done in the thirty-seven private manufacturing companies, which participated among the five hundred enormous industrial companies in Turkey in 2000, has been mentioned. As a result of this research, it has been determined some findings indicating that applications of ISO 9001 Quality Management System causes some empowering effects for employees working in companies. Taking these findings into consideration, some proposals that are related to some inadequacies regarding employee empowerment have been presented.
KALİTE MALİYETLERİ VE MUHASEBELEŞTİRİLMESİ
Authors: ATAMAN AKGÜL Başak
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this paper is to present the cost of quality and its accounting. Many companies in the world gradually promote quality as the central customer value and regard it as a key concept of company strategy in order to achieve the competitive edge. COQ information can be used to indicate major opportunities for corrective action and to provide incentives for quality improvement. The quality costs, can be classified as prevention-appraisal-failure (PAF). The PAF scheme has been almost universally accepted for quality costing. Quality costs can also be used as part of the strategic business plan. This obviously requires a reporting system. Generally it is not easy to extract quality costs information, from the existing uniform accounting system. The use of the 8th code of account will be more appropriate.