bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A rotation invariant template matching algorithm based on Sub-NCC
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Zhang Zhi , Peng Shaohu , Li Dongyuan , Xiao Hongxin , Tang Chao , Miao Runqing , Peng Lingxi
Published: June 2022

This paper proposes an anti-rotation template matching method based on a portion of the whole pixels. To solve the problem that the speed of the original template matching method based on NCC (Normalized cross correlation) is too slow for the rotated image, a template matching method based on Sub-NCC is proposed, which improves the anti-jamming ability of the algorithm. At the same time, in order to improve the matching speed, the rotation invariant edge points are selected from the rotation invariant pixels, and the selected points are used for rough matching to quickly screen out the unmatched areas. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the accuracy of this method is more than 95%. For the search map at any angle with the resolution at the level of 300,000 pixel, after selecting the appropriate pyramid series and threshold, the matching time can be controlled to within 0.1 s.
Pratique des sciences et diplomatie des espaces : les époux Brongniart entre collaboration domestique et sociabilités savantes en France au xixe siècle
Authors: Mille Martine
Published: June 2022

Par une approche matérielle des espaces et de la sociabilité des époux Brongniart au xixe siècle, nous proposons dans cet article de reconstruire les pratiques quotidiennes de savoirs du savant minéralogiste Alexandre Brongniart et de son épouse Cécile Coquebert de Montbret. Ces pratiques sont régulées par une certaine diplomatie des espaces issue de l’habitus des notables parisiens. La focale se fixe sur Cécile afin de saisir son cheminement intellectuel et son implication dans la construction de l’œuvre du savant. Les pratiques sociales de la science apparaissent dans une harmonieuse collaboration, inscrite dans une spatialité privée, domestique ou institutionnelle des lieux des sciences.
Quelle place pour les femmes francophones dans l’histoire des savoirs infirmiers au Québec ? L’exemple du nursing psychiatrique à Montréal (1912-1963)
Authors: Klein Alexandre , Thifault Marie-Claude
Published: June 2022

Cet article entend démontrer le rôle central qu’ont joué les femmes francophones dans la construction et la transmission des savoirs psychiatriques au Québec entre 1912 et 1963. Pour ce faire, il suit le parcours d’une religieuse, sœur Augustine, directrice du nursing à l’Hôpital Saint-Jean-de-Dieu, le plus grand asile du Québec, et d’une garde-malade laïque, Charlotte Tassé, directrice propriétaire de l’Institut Albert-Prévost, une institution de soin et de formation psychiatriques située au nord de l’île de Montréal. Contre une historiographie psychiatrique, mais aussi féministe qui a renvoyé les infirmières et les hospitalières au rang de simples subalternes, cet article milite pour la reconnaissance et la réintégration de leurs apports dans l’histoire des savoirs au Québec.
Introduction - Milieux, media, écologie des savoirs
Authors: Dumas Primbault Simon , Tortosa Paul-Arthur , Vailly Martin
Published: June 2022

De la Galerie de zoologie de Lyon aux musées coloniaux de l’Italie fasciste, en passant par les fouilles de Persépolis, les contributions rassemblées dans ce numéro se proposent de prolonger une anthropologie des lieux de savoirs par une écologie des pratiques in media res. En se saisissant des interactions complexes qui tissent acteur·ice·s, media et milieux de savoirs, les lieux apparaissent alors comme les horizons idéalisés de milieux en devenir constant et qu’il convient de revisiter.
Un milieu d’encre et de papier. Brouillons, notes et papiers de travail dans les archives personnelles de Vincenzio Viviani (1622-1703)
Authors: Dumas Primbault Simon
Published: June 2022

Le dernier disciple de Galilée, Vincenzio Viviani, fut aussi le premier ingénieur du Grand-Duc de Toscane de 1656 jusqu’à sa mort en 1703. Chargé tout au long de sa carrière de nombreux travaux d’hydraulique ou d’architecture tandis qu’il poursuivait plusieurs entreprises géométriques, son œuvre, encore trop peu connue, est souvent restée inédite. Les papiers personnels de l’ingénieur mathématicien, conservés avec ceux de son maître et de ses condisciples à la Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale de Florence, forment un inextricable « réseau d’écritures » qui donne à voir une facette des milieux de savoir dans lesquels frayait Viviani : un milieu d’encre et de papier.
Entre terrain et dépôt : envisager les mi-lieux de production des ingénieurs militaires géographes (xviie-xviiie siècle)
Authors: Binois Grégoire , Orgeix (d') Émilie
Published: June 2022

Fondé sur l’étude de saisies militaires après-décès, cet article aborde les conditions de production cartographique et d’exercice du métier d’ingénieurs militaires géographes. Praticiens itinérants, ils sillonnaient le royaume au gré de leurs affectations et du théâtre de la guerre. Substituant la notion de « mi-lieu » à celle, généralement invoquée de milieu, il vise à rendre compte des contraintes matérielles d’un métier qui nécessitait de se créer des environnements de travail provisoires et éphémères, dans les villes d’affectation. En imbriquant espaces et temporalités, cette étude propose d’explorer la spécificité de ces cabinets temporaires, souvent établis à domicile, où étaient quotidiennement fabriqués, finalisés et ordonnés les documents. Travailler sur cette notion apparaît fructueux pour recomposer l’intégralité d’une chaîne de production qui, entre travail sur le terrain et envoi dans les dépôts, restait à ce jour incomplète.
« Un vaste local pour y étaler ses richesses » : inaugurer la Galerie de zoologie à Lyon en 1837
Authors: Dubald Déborah
Published: June 2022

En 1837, une galerie de zoologie flambant neuve est ouverte au sein du Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Lyon. Le discours inaugural de ce nouveau lieu de savoir lyonnais est prononcé par le Premier adjoint au maire, M. Chinard. L’événement de l’ouverture de la galerie marque une étape dans l’histoire du Muséum d’histoire naturelle, en projet depuis l’époque révolutionnaire. En confrontant le discours d’inauguration empreint d’idéal à la fabrique concrète de la Galerie, cet article met au jour les modalités d’inscription d’une collection naturaliste dans un espace d’exposition tout en montrant le passage du lieu de savoir idéal au milieu de savoir et son universalité fabriquée.
Le chantier comme milieu de savoir. Changement technique et fabrique de la ville ordinaire à Marseille (seconde moitié du xixe siècle)
Authors: Bechini Thibault
Published: June 2022

En inscrivant le chantier dans une vision écologique du lieu entendu comme milieu, il est possible d’analyser les reconfigurations que connaissent localement les savoirs constructifs au travers d’une étude historicisée et située des interactions entre espaces et acteurs de la construction. On étudie ici les chantiers marseillais comme milieu de savoir où s’élabore, au tournant des xixe et xxe siècles, une culture de la construction en prise avec le changement social à l’œuvre dans la cité phocéenne. Ce milieu de savoir peut être saisi à travers deux processus : d’une part, la spécialisation progressive de certains professionnels du bâtiment dans un segment de l’industrie de la construction qui fait appel à des techniques nouvelles, celui des travaux en ciment ; d’autre part, la formalisation des connaissances techniques, par l’écrit et le croquis, que rendent possible les expertises amiables ou judiciaires dont les chantiers sont régulièrement l’objet.
Analyse des raisonnements évolutionnistes dans les controverses sociotechniques sur les OGM agricoles en France (1990-2010)
Authors: Le Dref Gaëlle
Published: June 2022

Les OGM agricoles sont à l’origine de controverses sociotechniques en France depuis la fin des années 1990. Une analyse des essais et articles produits par les acteurs de cette controverse révèle que les défenseurs comme les opposants aux OGM agricoles font usage de raisonnements évolutionnistes pour convaincre l’opinion de la justesse de leurs vues. Dans cet article, nous présentons une partie de ces raisonnements, tous relatifs aux risques sanitaires, agricoles ou environnementaux. Nous montrons que la controverse scientifique majeure opposant saltationnisme et gradualisme est incidemment restituée à travers ces controverses sociotechniques sur les OGM. In fine, nous nous interrogeons sur le statut de la pensée évolutionniste en tant qu’espace doxique servant à la délibération.
Then and Now: Re-positioning the History of Agriculture within the History of Science and Technology
Authors: Parolini Giuditta
Published: June 2022

Twenty years ago, the history of agriculture was the Cinderella of the history of science and technology. Historians interested in scientific and technological developments were reluctant to engage with agriculture, a field whose scientific boundaries are ambiguous and where research does not take place only in a controlled laboratory environment, but also in open fields. Today the situation has greatly changed and a rich scholarship on the history of agriculture is emerging within the history of science and technology. This scholarship has repositioned the history of agriculture at the intersection of debates on science and technology, food and the environment, politics and society. The paper will highlight what has been achieved so far and sketch possible developments.
Historiographie française sur les engrais : nouvelles approches par l’histoire environnementale et l’interdisciplinarité (années 2000-2020)
Authors: Martin Philippe
Published: June 2022

L’historiographie ayant pour objet les engrais est caractérisée, ces vingt dernières années, par une effervescence de travaux de recherche. Elle s’inscrit dans les bouleversements liés aux questions environnementales (pollutions industrielles et recyclage des déchets), à la crise du modèle de l’agriculture intensive (engrais biologiques et question de l’azote), à la mondialisation (transfert de fertilisants) et aux délocalisations et fermetures d’usine (patrimoine industriel). Cette contribution s’intéresse à la manière dont les historiens français ont interrogé ces questionnements contemporains et ont pris les engrais comme objet d’étude. Elle est structurée selon trois axes : les acteurs et institutions, les problématiques de recherche, les approches méthodologiques.
Al-Bı̄rūnı̄ : les principes des méthodes de détermination de la distance des astres errants à la Terre au crible des données d’observation
Authors: Loizelet Guillaume
Published: June 2022

Dans le chapitre X.6 de son traité majeur d’astronomie, al-Qānūn al-Mas‘ūdī, al-Bīrūnī discute plusieurs méthodes, basées sur des paradigmes distincts, traitant de la détermination de la distance des astres errants à la Terre. On étudiera ses arguments en prêtant une attention particulière aux nuances de statut qu’il leur accorde en fonction de leur proximité vis-à-vis de données d’observation.
Espaces techniques et aéronautiques : hydravions et frontières maritimes, 1910-1918
Authors: Weckerle Marion
Published: June 2022

L'hydravion, machine hybride capable de voler, de décoller depuis un plan d'eau et amerrir, fut inventé en 1910. D'abord dédié au sport sur les côtes, les fleuves et les lacs, cet appareil intéressa rapidement les marines militaires de la France, la Grande-Bretagne, l'Italie, l'Allemagne et l'Autriche-Hongrie, lesquelles l'exploitèrent durant la Première Guerre mondiale sur les différents fronts maritimes : la Méditerranée, l'Adriatique, la Manche, la mer du Nord, la mer Baltique, la mer Noire et l'Atlantique. Outre le contrôle et la protection des rivages, il servit également a l'expansion de l'action d'un pays au-delà de ses propres côtes. L'autonomie en mer étant cependant limitée dans le temps, ce facteur conditionnait la distance franchissable des hydravions et la nécessité d'une hydrobase d'attache.
Horizons, chaînes et rivages frigorifiques en France, 1900-1930. Marchés alimentaires, modernités techniques et pêches industrielles
Authors: Delaire Étienne , Teissier Pierre
Published: June 2022

L'article analyse la mise en place de deux systèmes frigorifiques en France entre 1900 et 1930. Le premier système ravitaille en viande argentine les armées alliées de la Première Guerre mondiale. Le deuxième système, halieutique et civil, se greffe sur le premier dans le cadre de la modernisation industrielle de la France après-guerre. Il comprend, entre autres, une ligne du froid pour l'exploitation de la morue entre Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon et Lorient. Cette ligne, sous administration mixte public-privé, connaît un échec économique à la fin des années 1920 dû à la résistance des consommateurs. La modernité industrielle peut ainsi être caractérisée, dans le cas du frigorifique alimentaire, par les concepts de systématisation et d'arraisonnement de la nature.
Modernisation de rivages techniques entre l’Argentine et la France : les ports de Rosario, Arroyo Pareja, Mar del Plata et Quequén (1900-1930)
Authors: Rohou Bruno , Marco Miguel De , Chalier Gustavo , Petersen Martin
Published: June 2022

Cet article analyse la construction et la modernisation de quatre ports argentins par des entreprises françaises durant les trois premières décennies du XXe siècle. Il montre comment certains facteurs (géographiques, politiques, industriels) ont déterminé des choix de modernisation et des modes de gestion des rivages portuaires argentins dans le cadre de contrats économiques entre un État souverain et des entreprises privées de construction portuaire. Cette modernisation des rivages répond à une politique de développement de Varrière-pays par le gouvernement qui privilégie la production céréalière de la Pampa en vue d'exportation vers l'Europe. L'article présente également une généalogie technique des ports argentins à partir d'archétypes déjà construits en Europe ou en Afrique.
Avant-propos - Se confronter à la pensée complexe : la fin du monde, de la théorie à l’expérience vécue
Authors: Le Blay Frédéric
Published: June 2022

Ce numéro spécial est dédié à la présentation des travaux menés au sein du programme ATLANTYS (pari scientifique la Région Pays-de-la-Loire), à travers une sélection de contributions issues d’un colloque international tenu en 2017, la présentation liminaire du programme et de ses enjeux ainsi que deux témoignages originaux en lien avec le Japon et la catastrophe de mars 2011.
Scientific Doomsday Scenarios: Foresight Projections for the Near and Deep Future
Authors: Baker David
Published: June 2022

This paper conveys the projections for the end of the Earth and Heat Death of the Universe according to scientific narrative of Big History. It also introduces some concepts from the field of ‘foresight’ regarding how to look at multiple futures in a methodical and regimented way rather than speculating wildly. These concepts allow some discussion of the potential fate of humanity on the timescale of 100-200 years. After looking at the potential outcomes of Near Future (both encouraging and disastrous) the paper moves step by step into the Deep Future. It closes with some philosophical reflections rooted in scientific concepts.
Long-term Evacuation Due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident and Its “Invisibility”
Authors: Matsui Katsuhiro
Published: June 2022

In November 2017, Prof. Katsuhiro Matsui as well as a two other colleagues from Niigata University were invited as keynote speakers to the ATLANTYS Third International Conference taking place during the Nantes Utopiales. He was asked to give a presentation of his field work with the victims of the tsunami which hit Japan in March 2011. Holding a PhD from the University of Tôhoku, the area affected by the natural disaster and nuclear accident, he is a sociologist and a specialist on how human populations respond and adapt to major disasters. This text is a summary report of both his experience as an expert and his theoretical approach as a scientist.
Le Vésuve et la photographie au xixe siècle, quel apport à l'histoire des sciences de la Terre ?
Authors: Acolat Delphine
Published: June 2022

Le Vésuve, volcan très actif dans la seconde moitié du xixe siècle, a attiré les photographes, notamment ceux dont les studios étaient installés à Naples. En 1872, le séquençage de l’éruption du Vésuve marque l’histoire de la photographie. Les photographes de l’époque transmettent la curiosité croissante pour les sciences de la Terre, dont l’Observatoire du Vésuve est la preuve, mais comment, avec les contraintes techniques de l’époque, réussir à saisir le déroulement d’une éruption ou la variété des matériaux volcaniques ? Aux traditionnelles descriptions de l’aspect catastrophique et destructeur de l’éruption, avec coulées et cratères, s’ajoute une volonté de poser comme un paradigme la terrible éruption de 79 et la lecture toute nouvelle de l’instantanéité de la mort à Pompéi, révélée par une avancée technique en archéologie : les moulages de Giuseppe Fiorelli.
Des sciences de la Terre au service de l’atome ? Le rôle de Jean-Pierre Rothé, entrepreneur scientifique
Authors: Roger Mathias
Published: June 2022

La période qui s’étend de la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale au milieu des années 1970 est celle qui a vu émerger et se développer en France les usages de l’atome à des fins tant civiles que militaires. Pour obtenir de la matière première, lors des essais atomiques dans le Sahara algérien et pour la construction des usines de production de plutonium et d’électricité, les organismes en charge du nucléaire ont été amenés à collaborer avec les universitaires des sciences de la Terre. Pour étudier la nature de cette collaboration, l’article utilise le modèle d’entrepreneur scientifique défini par Dominique Pestre et l’applique à un cas précis, celui de Jean-Pierre Rothé, géophysicien et directeur de l’Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg entre 1942 et 1976.
Astronomy and Diplomacy at the Court of King João V of Portugal
Authors: Tirapicos Luís
Published: June 2022

During the reign of King João V of Portugal (r.1707-1750), astronomy took part in a movement of cultural renewal and gave impulse to notable international exchanges, which were promoted by the absolutist monarch himself. Using the Portuguese diplomatic network and the extensive epistolary networks of their own Society, a group of Jesuit astronomers – with Neapolitan Giovanni Battista Carbone in the leading role – developed an efficient program of precise celestial observations. This program met João V’s political agenda in several ways: the creation of new observatories and the publication of results in European academic journals increased the prestige of the monarchy and a novel cartography of Brazil improved the geographical knowledge of the colony.
The Portuguese Astronomical Activity in the Late 18th and Early 19th Centuries
Authors: Figueiredo Fernando B.
Published: June 2022

In the late 18th century and beginning of the 19th century, the Portuguese centre of gravity for astronomical research (and teaching) was the Royal Astronomical Observatory of the University of Coimbra. This scientific establishment was envisioned under the Pombaline reform of the University of Coimbra in 1772. Linked to the new Faculty of Mathematics, the Observatory played a pivotal role in the formation of the community of Portuguese astronomers during the first decades of the 19th century. In this paper, we will put in context the scientific work carried out at the Observatory, following the practice of the most famous observatories of Europe, then we will examine how the astronomical work of Monteiro da Rocha, which encapsulated theoretical and practical astronomy, was tuned with the major astronomical problems of that time.
Introduction - Material Things, Scales and Trans-Operations
Authors: Teissier Pierre , Mody Cyrus C. M. , Van Tiggelen Brigitte
Published: June 2022

Through eight case studies, this volume sketches the mutual shaping of chemists and materials in the long 20th century. The circulation among interconnected fields and activities from bench research to engineering processes to brand consumers to human cultures and the natural environment highlights two features of modern technosciences: scaling up and down and the transgressive, boundary-blurring ways in which people, things, and words affect (or “trans-operate” on) each other.
Twentieth Century Fertilizers in France from Natural Mixing to Artificial Making (1890-1970)
Authors: Martin Philippe
Published: June 2022

Compound fertilizer is a material composed of a mixture of primary nutrients. The physical constitution and presentation of compound fertilizer evolved from the nineteenth to the twentieth century. This material was originally the subject of purely empirical knowledge, but later it gradually attracted chemists, who developed it in confrontation with agronomists and farmers. In return, in the interwar period compound fertilizer gave the chemical community a sense of mission: to solve the “urgent need” to increase fertilizer consumption and to make the product “rational” with respect to transport costs, storage stability, ease of use, and, of course, agronomical efficiency. This paper traces the confrontation of actors and technical and industrial changes that guided the development of compound fertilizer in France from 1890 to 1970.
Chromatographs as Epistemic Things: Communities around the Extraction of Material Knowledge
Authors: Gerontas Apostolos
Published: June 2022

Automated chromatography – gas chromatography and later high performance liquid chromatography – played an important role in the transformation of chemical analysis during the 1960s and 1970s. This chapter presents the historical narrative of the production and dissemination of chromatographic technology, and discusses the effects of the automation of separation at the social and epistemic levels. Emphasis is given to materiality, not only of chromatographic technological knowledge, but also of the knowledge produced by application of this technology in research.
Point and Line to Plane: The Ontography of Carbon Nanomaterials
Authors: Loeve Sacha
Published: June 2022

The carbons known today as fullerenes, nanotubes, and graphene were all observed or theorized well before becoming emblematic nanomaterials. However, by the 1990s, their mode of existence was shifted from bench or brand objects to technoscientific objects. After focusing on the separate life-stories of these carbons, this chapter recounts how, by eventually interweaving their trajectories and mutually referring to each other, these objects have reborn as a family of low-dimensional nanocarbons unfurling a space of indefinite technological possibilities saturated by promises of radical novelty: the “nanoworld”. The co-shaping of nanoworld and nanocarbons is reminiscent of that of the three basic figures composing the world of painting according to Kandinsky: point, line, and plane.
Des tempéraments à l’idiosyncrasie : évolution et permanence d’une définition physiologique de l’individu
Authors: Le Blay Frédéric
Published: June 2022

L’histoire des sciences permet de tracer l’apparition de concepts et de modèles théoriques venant supplanter ceux qui les ont précédés. Nous voudrions montrer que l’émergence d’une nouvelle définition théorique ne signifie pas toujours l’abandon de représentations ancrées dans la culture et même que, dans certains cas, elle contribue à les faire perdurer. Nous prenons ici comme exemple la notion d’idiosyncrasie, qui connaît une grande fortune à partir du xixe siècle.
Humanités numériques et archives orales : cartographies d’une mémoire collective sur les matériaux
Authors: Teissier Pierre , Quantin Matthieu , Hervy Benjamin
Published: June 2022

Les sciences humaines appréhendent classiquement les corpus de textes par des lectures qualitatives tandis que les « humanités numériques » les saisissent par des analyses quantitatives. Nous confrontons les deux approches en appliquant une méthode numérique originale (Haruspex) à l’étude d’un corpus textuel d’archives orales dédié à la recherche sur les matériaux. Pragmatique, notre démarche est aussi heuristique et réflexive. Heuristique car nous utilisons les artefacts numériques comme des outils pour renouveler les hypothèses de recherche en histoire. Réflexive car nos pratiques interdisciplinaires servent de base à une « philosophie de terrain » des humanités numériques.
Ciencias sociales y modernización universitaria. La introducción del planeamiento universitario en la Universidad de la República en Uruguay en la década de 1960
Authors: D’Avenia Lucas
Published: June 2022

El artículo busca entender cómo se produjo una
convergencia a lo largo de la década de 1960 en Uruguay entre los
esfuerzos de modernización de las ciencias sociales y la discusión de
propuestas de modernización universitaria en la Universidad de la
República. La noción de “modernización” utilizada recupera los
sentidos que le atribuyeron los protagonistas de estos procesos. El
artículo busca esclarecer las ideas que orientaban estos programas
modernizantes, sus agendas, sus agentes y y las formas institucionales
que adoptaron. Se subraya la existencia de alianzas entre actores
basadas en convergencias de ideas, pero también de intereses y
oportunidades en un medio académico limitado como el uruguayo. Para
ello se muestra el entramado de vínculos interpersonales que facilitó
el acercamiento entre actores con diferentes trayectorias
profesionales y pertenencias partidarias.
NOVEL FINDINGS ON CARDIORESPIRATORY ROLE SWAPPING BY ASSESSING NONLINEAR DYNAMICAL INTERACTIONS
Authors: Lo Pei-Chen
Published: June 2022

This paper reports the innovative results of applying nonlinear dynamical theory to heart-rate (HR) and respiratory (RP) sequences to explore Yin–Yang (passive–active) interacting phenomenon of cardiorespiratory function. Organ systems inside human body interact mutually in the manner of swapping the active–passive role, according to Yin–Yang theory in traditional Chinese medicine. Yang as an active source rules over Yin as a passive load. Nonlinear inter-driven (NLID) factor, [Formula: see text], based on recurrence analysis is proposed in this study. NLID factor characterizes the nonlinear interactions between two nonlinear dynamical systems, cardiac and respiratory systems. NLID factor is computed by quantifying the HR and RP recurrent plots constructed from phase trajectories based on embedding theorem and phase-space reconstruction. Heterogeneous patterns of HR and RP recurrence plots in continuous-attention task reflect highly unpredictable system dynamics. Heterogeneous HR recurrence patterns are surprisingly associated with the nearly homogeneous RP recurrence plot at resting state, indicating rather weak cardiorespiratory interaction. HR recurrence in Zen exhibits notable regularity in spite of the irregular RP recurrence behaviors. NLID factor reveals prominent Yang energy delivered by RP system that dominates over the cardiac system in Zen-meditation group. Such findings draw our attention to the possibly extraordinary self-regularity power of heart (and autonomic nervous system) in the Zen-meditation state.
Supporting the Parent-Child Bond
Authors: Berzins R. Erin W.
Published: June 2022

This chapter examines the parent-child bond when a parent is incarcerated in state or federal prison. The purpose is to prepare helping professionals to support children who wish to maintain relationships with their parents during prison sentences. The nature of the parent-child relationship is discussed, and practical strategies are proposed for helping parents to stay a part of their children's lives. Topics include visitation, video visits, phone calls, letter writing, emails, and parental participation in education. Logistics of these activities are discussed, and child-friendly activities are suggested to help prepare children for interacting with their parent within the context of the correctional system. Contraindications for such contact are also noted. The chapter concludes with recommendations for professional advocacy.
Trauma-Engaged and Culturally Responsive Schools
Authors: Burciaga Liliana
Published: June 2022

An abundance of research on the prevalence of traumatic experiences in childhood and their impact on the brain, behavior, and learning led to discourse on how schools can provide trauma-informed services to prevent further re-traumatization and provide support. Over the last two decades, research has highlighted the integration of trauma-responsive practices in schools in place of traditional school discipline. Traditional school discipline policies disproportionately impact students of color and help support the school-to-prison pipeline. This chapter addresses the issue of schools creating trauma-engaged learning environments. However, there is less direction in the literature about why or how creating trauma-engaged schools should happen from a culturally affirming lens and social justice perspective since it is minoritized students that are more likely to feed the school-to-prison pipeline. Therefore, this chapter aims to provide an overview on creating trauma-engaged and culturally responsive schools to dismantle the school-to-prison pipeline.
Parental Incarceration and Family Reunification
Authors: Bowser My'Kayla , Kern Popejoy Erin
Published: June 2022

Incarceration-induced separation is challenging for families. However, the family reunification process can be just as challenging. This chapter is divided into two primary sections exploring parallel processes both during incarceration and after reentry into society through the lens of the family stress-proximal processes model. The authors present commonly faced hardships such as financial insecurity, housing insecurity, and difficulty finding work after release. Additionally, discussion of challenges to parent-child and partner relationships is provided, both during and after incarceration. A case example is provided throughout the chapter to illustrate the concepts presented, and suggestions for mental health providers are offered.
Returning Home
Authors: Perez Debra M. , Mikolon Tricia M. , Littlebear Sarah
Published: June 2022

Reentering the community is a difficult process for those released from incarceration and is a topic that is addressed with the individual by staff prior to their release. This often focuses on determining where they want to live, follow up care, as well as where they will work. However, the process of integrating back into the family is not necessarily always addressed with the individual, let alone their family. In the absence of the incarcerated individual, the family has needed to reconfigure itself to adjust to the empty space created by the imprisonment of the individual. The family has taken on different roles and responsibilities, filling in for the missing person, while managing their own adjustment and reactions to the incarceration. This is rarely supported by additional external support for the family members and is not included in the re-entry planning for the released individual. This chapter will focus on the needs of the family as they navigate the re-entry of the released individual back into the family dynamic.
Synthesis of Tree-Component Cobalt-Based Alloy by Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Saprykin Alexandr , Sharkeev Yuriy , Saprykina Natalya , Khimich Margarita , Ibragimov Egor , Saprykin Alexey
Published: June 2022

The paper presents studies aimed at producing a three-component alloy from the powders of cobalt, chromium and molybdenum (66 wt % Co, 28 wt % Cr, 6 wt % Mo), with a stable phase structure by selective laser melting. At the beginning of the work, the initial powders were graded on sieves with mesh sizes of 20-70 µm. The powder mixtures were obtained by mechanical mixing of various fraction powders and mechanical alloying in a planetary ball mill. The samples were produced using the VARISCAF-100MVS selective laser melting unit. The melting process of powder materials was completed in a chamber filled with inert gas argon after preliminary vacuum degassing. The microhardness analysis of the samples before and after the thermal treatment was completed. The results of phase composition studies, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy are presented. Examination of the X-ray profiles of the samples proves that the obtained alloy mainly contains the epsilon-phase which improves the hardness and the wear resistance of the product.
Experimental Study on Reinforced Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites with B4C through Different Techniques
Authors: Nallusamy S. , Chander R.T. , Punna Rao Gunji Venkata
Published: June 2022

Recently, aluminum alloys are extensively used in automobile and aeronautical industries due to its low density and excellent mechanical properties. The aim of this research work is to focus on develop an aluminum matrix composite reinforced with boron carbide particulates under different weight percentages by squeeze casting route. To obtain better results, it is essential to control the process variables involved in the process. The primary work focused to optimize the process variables involved in the fabrication of the composites using full factorial design. The experiments were carried out with various input parameters like squeeze pressure of 50, 100 and 150Mpa, melting temperature of 700, 750 and 800°C and weight fraction of reinforcement of 6, 8 and 10% using L27 orthogonal array. The significant parameters were identified by analysis of variance table and regression analysis was used to model the mathematical relationship for obtaining better mechanical properties. Final results reveal that, mechanical properties of 218VHN hardness and 412MPa tensile strength had been obtained based on the optimum combination levels. Also AA7075-B4C composites produced through this route with enhanced properties could be used as an alternative material for high strength structural applications like connecting rod, control arms, steering knuckle and other parts.
Hatching success and chick mortality of the ostrich (Struthio camelus) in a commercial farm in Nepal
Authors: Aryal B. , Khanal L.
Published: June 2022

Commercial ostrich farming for trading meat and feathers is relatively new in Nepal. This study investigated hatching success and chick mortality rates in the only commercial ostrich farm in Nepal- Ostrich Nepal Pvt. Ltd, Rupandehi, Lumbini Province, Nepal. The number of eggs laid, hatched and their mortality were observed from 2014 to 2020. Results revealed higher embryonic deaths than hatching percentage, however, chick’s mortality rate was comparatively lesser. Breeding population required more nutritional diet to ensure fertile eggs. Hatchability was affected by temperature, humidity and turning of eggs. Microbial contamination and infertility were the major contributors for embryonic death. Intense care is required for the young chicks as they are very vulnerable to heat, rain and infections. Nutrition, and proper temperature and humidity management are major aspects to foster the growth and development as well as to ensure better reproductive ability of ostriches in order to lower mortality and avoid economic loss.
Physicochemical and proximate composition of MK 373, Abujachi and Makowchi groundnut varieties grown in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Abdul baki A. S. , Olayinka B. U. , Abdul kareem K. A. , Abdulkareem K. A. , Ibuowo M. B. , Kareem I. , Sagaya A. , Lawal A. R. , Adigun B. A. , Olaniyi B. T. , Mustapha O. T.
Published: June 2022

The analysis of the nutritional constituents of crops is of considerable importance especially if such analysis is centered on crops forming part of the diet of many people around the globe. One of such crops that is widely consumed around the world and also has many other forms of benefits for many people is the groundnut. Thus, this work seeks to examine the physicochemical and proximate compositions of MK 373 and two local varieties of groundnut (Abujachi and Makowchi) grown in Nigeria. To ensure precision and accuracy, these investigations were conducted following standardized protocols and methods. Compared to Abujachi (4.76 ± 0.19%), significantly low moisture content was recorded in MK373 (4.31 ± 0.26%) and Makowchi (4.42 ± 0.07%). Makowchi had the highest ash content (2.62 ± 0.08%) while MK373 had the highest crude fat (49.14 ± 0.42%). While MK 373 recorded highest protein, Makowchi ranked the highest in carbohydrate. Crude fiber content was not significantly different in the three varieties. Oil extract from these groundnut varieties were pale yellow and liquid at room temperature (250C). Specific gravity at room temperature was 0.91 while refractive index ranged from 1.459 to 1.460. Saponification value was most noticeable for MK373 (193.62 ± 0.98 mg KOH/g), followed by Makowchi (189.22±0.31 mg KOH/g) and Abujachi (186.61±0.29 mg KOH/g). Makowchi had the highest percentage fatty acid and iodine values 12.83 ± 0.14% and 71.45 ± 0.20 mg/100g respectively, followed by Abujachi (12.65 ± 0.16% and 64.83 ± 0.10 mg/100g) and MK373 (7.83 ± 0.00% and 57.37 ± 0.21 mg/100g). These results suggest that the three oil extracts exhibited varying characteristics. It also showed the oil extracted from these groundnut varieties could be useful in industry in their crude form and safe for consumption when properly refined.
Nurses’ attitudes and stress related to perinatal bereavement care in Korea: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kim Eunhui , Kim Hae Won
Published: June 2022

Purpose: A descriptive correlational survey was conducted to examine nurses’ attitudes and stress related to perinatal bereavement care (PBC) and their relationships, with the ultimate goal of improving nurses’ capabilities related to PBC.Methods: In total, 136 Korean nurses who had experienced perinatal death at least once participated. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Korean version of Nurses’ Attitudes towards Perinatal Bereavement Support was assessed in terms of three subdomains (attitudes to PBC, importance of policies related to PBC, and importance of training related to PBC), and nurses’ stress was measured.Results: The participants gave high scores for the attitude-related items of “giving sufficient time to bereaved parents to mourn for their dead baby” (4.54 points) and “nurses should treat bereaved parents with respect and dignity” (4.51 points), and they perceived a high level of importance for the policy-related items of “every staff member in the hospital should understand the policies relevant for PBC” and “when nurses feel emotional exhaustion, they should seek support” (4.58 points). Nurses’ attitude toward PBC was associated with the perceived importance of policies (r=.40, p<.001), the perceived importance of PBC-related training (r=.61, p<.001), and stress related to PBC (r=.29, p<.001). Nurses’ perceived importance of PBC-related training was associated with stress related to PBC (r=.38, p<.001). Conclusion: Establishing hospital policies related to PBC and providing PBC training for nurses could positively affect nurses’ attitudes toward PBC. A stress management program for nurses could reduce the stress caused by PBC.
Clinical nurses’ experiences of workplace verbal violence: a phenomenological study
Authors: Woo Min Soo , Kim Hyoung Suk , Kim Jeung-Im
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to describe clinical nurses’ lived experiences of workplace verbal violence through qualitative research using descriptive phenomenology. Methods: Six female Korean nurses who had less than 5 years of clinical experience and had experienced verbal violence in the workplace within the past year participated in the study. Data were collected through one-on-one in-depth interviews with the participants and analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method.Results: A total of 27 codes, eight themes, and four theme clusters were derived from the participants’ statements. The four theme clusters of the clinical nurses’ experiences of verbal violence in the workplace were as follows: “tip of the iceberg,” “beyond me and my control,” “fear and resignation,” and “personal burden.” The participants recognized that nurses experienced verbal violence daily, and that the causes of and responses to verbal violence were determined by external situational factors rather than nurses’ individual problems. This suggests that nurses felt that they had no choice but to personally cope with verbal violence and bear the consequences due to systematic indifference and silence about verbal violence experienced by clinical nurses.Conclusion: The findings show that verbal violence was pervasive and unmerited, yet often endured at the cost of a personal burden to nurses. A clear definition of verbal violence and education for employees are needed, and a reporting system should be established to report all forms of violence regardless of the severity of the incident.
Factors influencing the health-related quality of life of postmenopausal women with diabetes and osteoporosis: a secondary analysis of the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2018)
Authors: Kim Hyuk Joon , Kim Hye Young
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women is increasing, and diabetes patients have decreased bone density. Their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is diminished by the resultant physical dysfunction and depression. The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing HRQoL in postmenopausal women with diabetes and osteoporosis.Methods: This was a secondary data analysis of the Seventh Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2018), which utilized a complex, multistage probability sample design. The participants in the study were 237 women with diabetes and osteoporosis. To evaluate the factors that influenced HRQoL, a complex-samples general linear model was constructed, and the Bonferroni correction was performed.Results: In this sample of women aged 45 to 80 years (mean±standard deviation, 71.12±7.21 years), the average HRQoL score was 0.83±0.18 out of 1.0. Factors influencing HRQoL were age (70s: t=–3.74, p<.001; 80s: t=–3.42, p=.001), walking for exercise more than 5 days a week (t=–2.83, p=.005), cerebrovascular disease (t=–8.33, p<.001), osteoarthritis (t=–2.04, p=.014), hypertension (t=2.03, p=.044), higher perceived stress (t=–2.17, p=.032), poor glycemic control (t=3.40, p=.001), waist circumference (t=–2.76, p=.007), sitting time per day (t=–2.10, p=.038), and a longer postmenopausal period (t=3.09, p=.002).Conclusion: In order to improve the HRQoL of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and diabetes, it is necessary to implement intervention strategies that enable the effective management of chronic diseases, while preventing the complications of diabetes and minimizing stress through physical activity.
Factors influencing the health-related quality of life in Korean menopausal women: a cross-sectional study based on the theory of unpleasant symptoms
Authors: Kang Ji-Hyun , Kim Moon-Jeong
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Based on the theory of unpleasant symptoms (TOUS), this study aimed to examine the direct effect of antecedent factors on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its indirect effect via symptoms in Korean women during the late menopausal transition (MT) and early postmenopause.Methods: This cross-sectional survey employed a descriptive correlational research design. The respondents were 152 middle-aged women 40 to 60 years with an intermenstrual interval of 60 days or more (late MT) or less than 5 years from the last menstrual period (early postmenopause). The respondents were recruited through convenience sampling in Busan, Korea, from December 1, 2020, to January 31, 2021. Based on the TOUS, self-report data were collected on perceived health status, psychological distress, social support, menopausal symptoms, and HRQoL. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and the Hayes’ PROCESS macro.Results: TOUS was supported on this sample (n=152) of Korean women during the late MT and early postmenopause. Perceived health status, psychological distress, and social support had significant direct relationships with HRQoL. Menopausal symptoms had significant indirect relationships between antecedent factors (perceived health status, psychological distress, and social support) and partially mediated HRQoL.Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that menopausal symptoms play an important role as an intervening factor of HRQoL in women during the late MT and early postmenopause. Therefore, women need an integrated program that manages antecedent factors and menopausal symptoms to improve HRQoL in these menopausal stages.
Recommendations on use of systemic treatments for immune-mediated dermatologic disorders in patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection
Authors: Yu Chia-Ling , Lin Yu-Ting , Chi Ching-Chi
Published: June 2022

With the rapid outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, considerable concerns about the safety of systemic treatments of immune-mediated dermatologic disorders has been raised by dermatologists and their patients. We aimed to perform a rapid review of latest American and European guidelines on the use of systemic treatments in patients with immune-mediated dermatologic disorders and confirmed COVID-19 infection and to provide recommendations to inform practice. Based on the current limited guidelines and evidence, systemic corticosteroids should not be abruptly discontinued and the lowest effective dose should be continued. Systemic immunosuppressants (including methotrexate, cyclosporine, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and leflunomide), biologics, and sulfasalazine should be withheld in patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Whether to continue Janus kinase inhibitors should be determined following a shared decision-making process between dermatologists and patients after considering patients' medical conditions and risk for severe COVID.
Peritoneal Lavage during Laparoscopic Appendectomy for Complex Appendicitis is Associated with Increased Post-Operative Morbidity
Authors: Puttock Darren , Kumbhar Vikrant , Dagash Haitham , Patwardhan Nitin
Published: June 2022

Aim:

Appendicitis is one of the most common paediatric surgical pathologies seen by paediatric surgeons worldwide. Laparoscopic appendectomy is undertaken for all cases of appendicitis in our institute. Intraperitoneal lavage following appendectomy is the conventional way of managing complicated appendicitis; however, some surgeons debate the efficacy of this practice. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of intraperitoneal lavage versus suction only in children with complicated appendicitis.

Methods:

Data were collected retrospectively between January 2018 and January 2019. All patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy for complex appendicitis were included and divided into two groups, patients who had suction only and those who had lavage and suction. Outcome parameters studied were the length of stay (LOS), number of temperature spikes > 37.7 (TS), operative times (OT) and readmission for intra-abdominal collections. Comparison between the two groups was performed using two sample t-test with unequal variance, significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

A total of 115 patients were included (lavage n = 52, Suction n = 63). The LOS (P = 0.0054), TS (0.0109), OT (P < 0.0001) were significantly higher in the lavage group compared to the suction-only group. Overall rates of readmission were similar between groups, however, readmission for the confirmed intra-abdominal collection was more common in the lavage group.

Conclusion:

Based on our study, it appears that there is no advantage in performing an intraperitoneal lavage for complex appendicitis. It resulted in a prolonged stay, more post-operative TS and longer operative duration. The likelihood of being readmitted with an intra-abdominal collection following a lavage was higher compared to suction only.