bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of melatonin on paclitaxel-associated acute and chronic pain: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Talaee Naeeme , Ebrahimpour Sholeh , Sfandbod Mohsen , Majedi Hossein , Jafarzadeh Kohneloo Aarefeh , Gholami Kheirollah , Jahangard-Rafsanjani Zahra
Published: March 2022

Background: Taxane-induced pain is a disabling condition. This trial was conducted to assess the effects of melatonin on preventing paclitaxel-associated acute and chronic pain or decreasing its severity in patients with breast cancer. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on breast cancer women who received weekly paclitaxel (80 mg/m2) with or without trastuzumab after using doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide. The intervention group randomly received oral melatonin (10 mg/day) or placebo, which started from the first night of chemotherapy and continued through the planned 12 weeks of chemotherapy. The level of arthralgia-myalgia as acute pain was assessed every day in both groups using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). The Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire (DN4) and National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 5.0 were used to measure chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy as chronic pain. Results: Seventeen patients were enrolled in each group randomly. The incidence of neuropathy according to a DN4 score ≥ 4 was significantly lower in the melatonin group versus the placebo group at week 12 compared to baseline (5 vs 11, P-value= 0.039). In addition, the mean neuropathy severity was significantly lower in the melatonin group over time (β= -0.051, P-value= 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in the mean worst and least pain scores over the twelve cycles of treatment between arms (P-value= 0.633, 0.341 respectively). Conclusion: Co-administration of melatonin in women with breast cancer decreased the incidence of severe paclitaxel-associated neuropathy but melatonin was not effective against acute pain.
A Randomized, Single-blind, Comparison Trial of Beractant (BeraksurfTM) versus Poractant Alfa (Curosurf®) in the Treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Preterm Infants
Authors: Shaseb Elnaz , Gharehbaghi Manizheh Mostafa , Sarbakhsh Parvin , Mohammadbager Hossein
Published: March 2022

Background: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) affects approximately up to 7% of all term newborns. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of investigational beractant (BeraksurfTM, Tekzima Company) in comparison with poractant alfa (Curosurf®, Chiesi Pharmaceuticals) as surfactant replacement therapy in NRDS. Methods: This trial was a randomized, controlled, single-blind, phase III study of two natural surfactants which was conducted in NICU of Alzahra hospital in Tabriz for 8 months. 220 infants were enrolled in 2 groups to receive either 100 mg/kg BeraksurfTM or 200 mg/kg Curosurf® as an initial dose endotracheally. Additional doses were given if needed. Infants’ gestational age, birth weight, discharge weight and other demographic information were recorded. Efficacy outcomes were changes of fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) and the number of infants who reached FiO2 less than 0.3 (treatment success rate) which were compared between both groups with analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The results showed that the treatment success rate was 92% and 72% in BeraksurfTM and Curosurf® groups, respectively (Pvalue< 0.001). In addition, no difference was observed in the efficacy of these two treatments in terms of binary outcomes and incidence of complications such as mortality. Conclusion: The result analysis of current study implies BeraksurfTM has same beneficial impact on clinical management of RDS as Curosurf® among infants below 32 weeks. However, larger studies are needed to evaluate further efficacy and safety outcomes of this surfactant in comparison with the reference products in other subgroups.
Effect of linear versus adaptive electronic continuing medical education regarding dental bleaching on dentists’ knowledge and satisfaction
Authors: Zolfaghari Mitra , Mohammadi Aeen , Hashemikamangar Sedighe Sadat
Published: March 2022

Background: Studies on the efficacy of adaptive e-learning in dentistry are limited. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of linear and adaptive electronic continuing medical education (CME) courses about dental bleaching. Methods: This quasi-experimental study using a post-test control group design evaluated the efficacy of an electronic CME course on dental bleaching offered to 60 dentists who were non-randomly allocated in two linear and adaptive groups (n=30). One training session was held for participants of both the intervention and the control groups. At the end of the course, the learners participated in a post-test and completed a satisfaction questionnaire. SPSS 23 was used to analyze the results. An independent t test was used to assess the effect of type of intervention on the outcome of education, and Pearson’s chi-square test was applied to assess the effect of the intervention on participants’ satisfaction. Results: The mean post-test scores of participants were 6.33±1.47 for the linear group and 6.40±2.31 for the adaptive group. The mean satisfaction scores of participants were 4.02±0.53 for the linear group and 4.15±0.42 for the adaptive group. According to an independent t-test, the two groups were not significantly different in terms of post-test score (P=0.7) or level of satisfaction (P=0.2). Conclusion: The adaptive approach has considerable advantages and comparable efficacy to the linear method in terms of post-test score and self-reported knowledge and satisfaction of participants. Thus, this method of education may be as effective as the linear method for instruction in dental bleaching. The use of an adaptive approach is therefore recommended in educational curricula.
Mitochondrial dysfunction and vascular aging in comorbid pathology
Authors: Nevzorova V. A. , Chertok V. M. , Brodskaya T. A. , Selyukova P. A. , Zakharchuk N. V.
Published: March 2022

Cardiovascular diseases take a leading position in the structure of mortality in modern society. Most diseases are characterized by uncontrolled processes of oxidative stress, proteolysis, tissue and cellular hypoxia, which cause endothelial dysfunction. Tissue and cellular hypoxia accumulated with mitochondrial reactive forms of oxygen damaging lipoproteins, proteins, nucleic acids plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular aging. Cellular aging is characterized by a decrease in the number of mitochondria, a decrease in the number of copies of mitochondrial DNA, and the loss of mitochondrial protein. In addition to morphological changes, the function of mitochondria is oppressed, at the same time the activity of their proteins and enzymes decreases. Changes in the functions of mitochondria can be secondary in response to various stimuli and are associated with a violation of their structure and a change in activity in response to specific genetic and phenotypic conditions. Reprogramming of mitochondrial biogenesis occupies a central position in the theory of cellular aging and is one of the targets for interventions in prolonging active longevity.
The role of serotonin, acetylcholine, nitric oxide and FMRF-amide in the adaptation of scallops to hypoxia
Authors: Kotsyuba E. P. , Dyachuk V. A.
Published: March 2022

The problem of adaptation to oxygen deficiency and its role in the development of diseases have been studied for many decades on animal models having different level of resistance to hypoxia. This review discusses the literature data and the results of our own studies of hormonal and mediator systems of the central nervous system, as well as the clarification of their role in adaptive physiological and behavioral reactions in bivalves. The analysis of data on serotonin topography  (5-HT), acetylcholine (ACh), nitric oxide (NO) and FMRF-amide-containing neurons in the visceral ganglion and the dynamics of their activity provides evidence of the participation of neurotransmitters and enzymes of their synthesis in the stability and plasticity of the nervous system of scallops suffering hypoxia.
Viral Vectors in Transgenic Research: Prospects for the Treatment of CNS Diseases and Gene Therapy
Authors: Pushchina E. V. , Kapustyanov I. A. , Varaksin A. A.
Published: March 2022

Viral vectors are of great clinical interest due to their high efficiency, which allows them to find practical applications in gene therapy. The review presents current research data on various fish species as potential models for the use of viral vectors. During the study of high-performance adenoviral vectors data on the stable expression of transgenes in the body of Danio rerio and other fish species was obtained. The features of the use of adeno-associated vectors in the study of transneuronal transfer of the glucuronidase protein in the projection neurons of the ventral tegmental area and striatum to treat metabolic insufficiency in case of mucopolysaccharidosis VII are considered. Taking into consideration the wide set of genetically modified Danio rerio strains, ethical aspects, and the acceptability of applying this model in neurogenic studies, it is clear that Danio rerio, as well as other fish species, can be used as an alternative for early preclinical evaluation of the efficiency of viral vectors.
Motavkin Scientific School
Authors: Chertok V. M. , Shvalev V. N.
Published: March 2022

Remembrance of the outstanding scientist Professor P.A. Motavkin is largely connected with the creation of the famous neuromorphological school in Vladivostok. During a relatively short historical period, scientific discoveries were made under the leadership of P.A. Motavkin. New ideas about the mechanisms of vascular regulation of the brain and spinal cord of humans and animals were presented on the basis of these discoveries. Extensive factual material accumulated over the years of research has allowed not only to identify the basic laws of the functioning of this regulatory system in normal conditions of life, but also to solve a number of problems related to the correction of its disorders in case of vascular diseases.
Carotenoids in practical medicine
Authors: Koldaev V. M. , Kropotov A. V.
Published: March 2022

The review presents data on the use of carotenoids in the most threatening pathological conditions. The therapeutic and preventive effect of carotenoids is due to the inactivation of active oxygen species and free radicals. By eliminating the phenomena and consequences of oxidative stress, carotenoids are effective both in treating metabolic disorders in diabetes mellitus and abdominal obesity, and in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Diets enriched with carotenoids have a wide range of anti-cancer effects, apoptosis modulations and metastasis blocks. Carotenoids protect dopaminergic neurons of the brain from oxidative damage and reduce the severity of neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. However, carotenoids have limited bioavailability due to their low water solubility. Future research should be directed to the development of medicinal forms of carotene-containing phytopreparations that don’t have such disadvantage.
Some features of the brain of Wistar rats that developed in broods of various numbers
Authors: Zhilnikov D. I. , Ryzhavskii B. Ya.
Published: March 2022

Objective: To study the morphofunctional features of the brain development of 14- and 30-day-old rats born in broods that differ significantly in numbers.

Methods: 2 age groups of animals were studies – 14-day-old and 30-day-old rat pups, the offspring of intact rats, each group was divided into subgroups: 1) small broods (4-7 rat pups per brood) and 2) broods of average size (9-12 rats in a brood). The brains of animals of both subgroups were subjected to morphometric and histochemical studies. At the age of 28 days, rat pups from the second age group were tested in an elevated plus maze.

Results: It was found that rat pups from small broods at the age of 14 and 30 days had signs of acceleration and differed in the outstripping rates of development of brain from animals from the group of broods of average size. Differences were manifested by a greater mass of the brain and hemisphere, a lower numerical density of neurons and a higher density of gliocytes, a large glioneural index, as well as the size of neurons, their nuclei and nucleoli in the cortex of the parietal lobe and the hippocampus. The behavior of pups from small broods and broods of average numbers at the age of 28 days in an elevated plus maze had significant intergroup differences.

Conclusions: These findings indicate that differences in brood numbers affect important indicators of brain development.
Algorithm for Providing Medical Care to Polytrauma in the Early Hospital Stage Using the Tactics Damage Control
Authors: Волошенюк А.Н. , Завада Н.В. , Борисов А.В. , Романовский Е.В. , Ладутько И.Н.
Published: March 2022

Введение. В статье описывается алгоритм оказания медицинской помощи пострадавшим с политравмой на раннем госпитальном этапе с использованием тактики damage control, разработанный при сравнительном анализе данных оказания медицинской помощи пострадавшим с политравмой в УЗ «Городская клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи» г. Минска, имеющим тяжесть травмы по шкале ISS >25. В алгоритме определены основные моменты оказания медицинской помощи таким пострадавшим, позволяющие снизить смертность и инвалидизацию пациентов с тяжелой сочетанной травмой.Цель. Разработать алгоритм оказания медицинской помощи пострадавшим с поли-травмой на раннем госпитальном этапе с использованием тактики damage control при сравнительном анализе данных оказания медицинской помощи пострадавшим с политравмой в УЗ «Городская клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи» г. Минска, имеющим тяжесть травмы по шкале ISS >25.Материалы и методы. В исследовании нами проанализированы результаты хирургического лечения пациентов с тяжелой механической травмой. Хирургическая тактика определялась с помощью шкалы тяжести травм ISS (Injury Severity Score).Результаты. Разработан алгоритм оказания медицинской помощи пострадавшим с политравмой на раннем госпитальном этапе с использованием тактики damage control.Выводы. Использование тактики damage control позволяет снизить смертность и улучшить результаты лечения пациентов с тяжелой механической травмой на раннем госпитальном этапе.

Introduction. The article describes an algorithm for the provision of medical care to victims with polytrauma at an early hospital stage using the damage control tactics, developed in a comparative analysis of data on the provision of medical care to victims with polytrauma in the Healthcare Institution "City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care" in Minsk with the severity of the injury on a scale ISS >25. The algorithm identifies the main points of providing medical care to such victims, allowing to reduce mortality and disability in patients with severe concomitant trauma.Purpose. To develop an algorithm for the provision of medical care to victims with polytrauma at an early hospital stage using the damage control tactics in a comparative analysis of data on the provision of medical care to victims with polytrauma in the Healthcare Institution "City Clinical Emergency Hospital" in Minsk, having the severity of the injury on the ISS scale >25.Materials and methods. In the study, we analyzed the results of surgical treatment of patients with severe mechanical trauma. Surgical tactics were determined using the Injury Severity Score (ISS).Results. An algorithm for providing medical care to victims with polytrauma at an early hospital stage using the damage control tactics has been developed.Conclusions. An algorithm for providing medical care to victims with polytrauma at an early hospital stage using the damage control tactics has been developed.
The Impact of Social Media Websites on Customers’ Purchase Intention in New Zealand
Authors: ALRAYYES Samar , TAŞKIN Nazım
Published: March 2022

Social media platforms are becoming a daily aspect of our lives. Organisations and businesses of all sizes have realised the impact and the influence these platforms have on consumers and trying to harvest the most out of it. This research seeks to answer the question: What is the impact of social media websites on customer’s purchase intention in New Zealand? In response, an online questionnaire was distributed to a population of New Zealand social media platforms’ users. The data was analysed using Partial Least Squares equation through WarpPLS to understand the relationship between different social media activities and both perceived product value and product involvement that lead to purchase intention. The findings show that New Zealand social media platforms’ consumers’ purchase intention is primarily influenced by electronic word of mouth, and websites browsing. Surprisingly, peer communication does not have a statistically significant positive relationship with purchase intention. Implications of the study are discussed at the end.
"...Y la lucha continúa": mirada histórica a las prácticas artísticas de grupos culturales en el oriente de Cali (Colombia) como contraesferas públicas
Authors:   , Mayor Camilo Adolfo
Published: March 2022

Cuando el segundo río más grande de Colombia, a su paso por Cali, fue reencauzado a mediados del siglo pasado, a través de la construcción de un jarillón, un extenso territorio en un principio conocido como Distrito de Aguablanca, al oriente de la ciudad, pasó a ser habitado y, en buena medida invadido por migrantes de diversas regiones del país, en su mayoría afrodescendientes del Pacífico colombiano. En el marco de ese proceso de urbanización, especialmente desde los años ochenta, muy pronto aparecieron grupos culturales que, a través de sus actividades, contribuyeron a visibilizar un sector en el que igualmente crecía la criminalidad, la pobreza, la discriminación… la marginación, y que, dada su prolífica población, era foco de interés de redes clientelares políticas. Uno de los ejes sobre los cuales se mueve esta investigación es precisamente la realización de un rastreo histórico alrededor de grupos culturales en el oriente de Cali y su producción estética, puestos en contexto, desde aquella década hasta la fecha. El subsiguiente eje apunta a reconocer en las prácticas artísticas de estos grupos culturales, formas alternativas de que se valen los sectores populares, como sectores subordinados, para visibilizarse, negociar, cuestionar, proponer o resistirse a un trato y a una condición discriminatoria e inequitativa en una sociedad jerarquizada. Para su abordaje, se asumen aquí los sectores populares como un espacio culturalmente heterogéneo, dinámico, en estado de fluencia, pero con relaciones más o menos firmes que permiten ver la desigualdad social. De allí resultan las prácticas como esquemas mediante los cuales la cultura se internaliza conllevando a actuar, percibir, sentir, pensar, de cierta manera, en el caso de prácticas artísticas, de forma activa y creativa, aprovechando, por parte de los grupos culturales del oriente caleño (en calidad de sector subalterno), su habilidad de maniobra y su capacidad de apropiación de elementos estéticos reconocidos y determinados. Esta investigación pretende auscultar la forma como durante este tiempo, dichas prácticas confrontaron o negociaron el estado de cosas con el orden social local y qué alcance tuvieron entre sus públicos. De allí que algunas preguntas inquieran sobre ¿cómo se conformaron estos grupos culturales?, ¿en qué han consistido sus prácticas artísticas?, ¿por qué y cómo han variado unos y otras?, ¿de qué manera estos grupos culturales, a través de sus manifestaciones y propuestas artísticas, se han relacionado con su entorno inmediato y con la ciudad? ¿de qué forma estas prácticas artísticas logran configurar contraesferas públicas?
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Akademik Dürüstlük Değeri Hakkındaki Görüşleri
Authors: GÖRMEZ Erhan , MEREY Zihni
Published: March 2022

Eğitim kurumlarında çocuklara kazandırılan önemli değerlerin başında akademik dürüstlük gelmektedir. Özellikle sosyal bilgiler dersinin içeriğinde bu değerin önemine değinen konular yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı da sosyal bilgiler dersini dört dönem almış ortaokul öğrencilerinin akademik dürüstlük kavramı hakkındaki görüşlerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim döneminde Van il merkezinde bulunan ortaokul 8. Sınıfa giden 119 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Nitel bir yaklaşımın benimsendiği çalışmada veriler yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler içerik analiz yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda ulaşılan bulgular incelendiğinde; öğrencilerin çoğunluğunun akademik dürüstlük kavramının ne anlama geldiğini bilmedikleri; ödev yaparken en çok yararlanılan kaynakların kitap ve internet olduğu; ödev yaptıktan sonra çalışmalarında kaynakça belirtmedikleri; kaynakça kavramını kısmen açıklayabildikleri ama gerekliliği konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıkları görülmektedir.
Data Mining Studies in Education: Literature Review For The Years 2014-2020
Authors: BİLİCİ Zehra , ÖZDEMİR Durmuş
Published: March 2022

Data mining is one of the important and beneficial technological developments in education and its usage area is becoming widespread day by day as it includes applications that contribute positively to teaching activities. It is possible to make teaching activities more effective and efficient by transforming the raw data in the field of education into meaningful using data mining techniques. Studies carried out in the field of education between 2014-2020 with data mining methods were scanned from the "Science Direct" database. It was determined that 60 articles from the scanning studies were directly related to data mining in education. The studies include issues such as the development of e-learning systems, pedagogical support, clustering of educational data, and student performance predictions. These selected articles were analyzed in terms of purpose, application area, method, and contribution to the literature. The aim of the study is to group the work carried out in the field of education under specific headings using the data mining process, to evaluate its methods and objectives, and to direct the individuals who will work in this field.
Dielectric characteristics of deformable and maneuverable virtual cathode tool displayed by indirect electron beam drawing
Authors: Sasaki Ken , Hoshino Takayuki
Published: March 2022

Dielectrophoretic manipulations are deft techniques for soft-matter processes. To actuate the target biomolecules more spatiotemporally, the manipulator which can maneuver the adjustable electric field at high speed is required. We have designed a virtual cathode (VC) tool drawn with an electron beam (EB), which is a deformable and maneuverable electrode. In this report, we investigated the electrochemical response of YOYO-1-labeled DNAs by applying the VC tool and evaluated dependency of its dielectric characteristics on pattern frequency. The specific fluorescent bleaching responses we obtained suggested that work lengths and strength of the VC-induced electric field were enhanced as the applied VC pattern has a high pattern frequency. Moreover, we validated the form of the EB-drawing pattern can also affect dielectric characteristics of the VC tool. These results therefore indicate that the VC tool can control the dielectric phenomenon by a well-tuned tool design, which will lead to more flexible manipulations.
IMPLEMENTASI KRIPTOGRAFI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RC4 DAN BASE64 UNTUK MENGAMANKAN DATABASE SEKOLAH PADA SDN GROGOL UTARA 10
Authors: Kodir Abdul , Pramusinto Wahyu
Published: March 2022

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dan juga komunikasi dizaman saat ini dapat membawa pengaruh bebas terutama dibagian keamanan data ataupun informasi yang penting. Namun kemudahan dalam mengakses media komunikasi oleh siapapun, membawa dampak yang buruk bagi keamanan informasi data. Dan data menjadi sangat mudah untuk dicuri, dirusak dan juga diubah oleh orang yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Hal ini membuat para guru-guru SDN Grogol Utara 10 khawatir jika akan menggunakan aplikasi sekolah untuk menyimpan kedalam database, karena data dan informasi yang penting dan juga rahasia yang masih rentan terhadap pencurian dan juga penyalahgunaan oleh pihak tertentu bahkan dapat menimbulkan kerugian yang cukup besar. Dari masalah tersebut maka yang dibutuhkan adalah suatu metode yang dapat melindungi data dan informasi. Oleh karena itu, dibuatlah suatu aplikasi sekolah yang bisa melindungi dan mengamankan data dan informasi. Didalam perancangan aplikasi ini, penulis ingin membuat suatu metode dengan cara proses enkripsi. Penulis akan menggunakan 2 (dua) algoritma kriptografi yaitu RC4 dan BASE 64. Aplikasi yang dibuat ini menggunakan bahasa pemprograman PHP. Dengan aplikasi kriptografi dengan menggunakan metode RC4 dan BASE64 ini diharapkan informasi data yang disimpan kedalam aplikasi sekolah SDN Grogol Utara 10 akan aman dan tidak bocor kepada penyadap ataupun pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Pada aplikasi ini, informasi yang di enkripsi adalah data siswa, data guru, mata pelajaran dan nilai. Berdasarkan implementasi ataupun pengujian program, dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi ini mudah digunakan dan juga dapat melindungi kerahasiaan data ataupun informasi. Dan Bermanfaat untuk guru sekolah SDN Grogol Utara 10 dalam menjalankan tugas pokok, fungsi.
OUTCOMES OF IMPLANTABLE PHAKIC CONTACT LENS IN HIGH MYOPES IN A TERTIARY HEALTHCARE CENTER IN WESTERN INDIA- CORRELATION OF CENTRAL VAULT AND INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE.
Authors: A. Sawant Rohan , K. Doshi Varun , Dhaytadak Priyanka , Lahane Sumeet , Singh Anjali , Lahane Tatyarao
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To evaluate clinical outcomes and corelation of post-operative vault size and intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods: 100 eyes of 50 high
myopic patients underwent Implantable phakic contact lenses (IPCL V2.0) implantation using a novel visco-free technique. Both eyes were
operated within a span of 1 week using similar technique and by a single surgeon. The clinical outcomes were analysed over 1 month follow up.
Statistical Analysis: SPSS Software for Windows (version 18.0, SPSS, Inc). Results: Majority of study population (90 %) had Visual acuity (VA)
of > 6/12, whereas 26 patients (52%) had VA of 6/6 in post-operative period. The pre-operative mean spherical equivalent (MSE) was -13.268 +
4.2606 and post-op mean MSE was -0.825 at 1 month follow up. The Pre-operative MSE values differ signicantly from all post-operative MSE
values. The IOP analysis displayed comparable mean values for pre-operative and post-operative IOP at day 1, whereas the mean values differed
signicantly at day 7 and 1 month. The mean post-operative vault size was 706.42 m (range 401-900 m). There was signicant positive correlation
between vault size and MSE whereas there was no signicant correlation between vault and IOP as seen by applying pearson's correlation formula
(p value < 0.001) Conclusion: Our study is the rst study of IPCL V2.0 in Western India carried out in a tertiary healthcare hospital using a novel
visco-free IPCLimplantation technique. This study shows that Post- operative Vault size is independent of IOPrise and we attribute this rise in IOP
majorly to steroid responsiveness in high myopes.
“A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN MOTOR POINT STIMULATION VERSUS GROUP STIMULATION METHOD FOR WRIST DROP.”
Authors: A. Patel Riddhi , Thakrar Jayesh
Published: March 2022

Wrist drop is mainly seen when the radial nerve injured.The overuse of arm and neurological condition that damage radial nerve this further lead to
pain, numbness, tingling and weakness in wrist and digits.The study aimed to nd themotor point stimulation and group stimulation method to
reduce pain, improving the strength and increase the range of motion for wrist to determine the better result for participants .So, a Comparative
study was conducted with 30 participants ofWrist Drop. They were studied for a 6-weeks intervention. They were divided into 2 groups by
convenience sampling: - Group A: Individual Muscles Motor point stimulation method and Group B:Group stimulation method common for both
group Passive movement, Counselling, Reassurance, Cock up splint. Pre- and post-treatment data were collected and analysed using SPSS 22.0.
Paired and unpaired t-test was used to nd out the signicance of the treatment. A signicant improvement in pain, disability, muscle strength
(p<0.05) after the treatment was found in both groups. Greater statistically signicant improvement was seen in Group B as compared to Group A.
Thus, the study concluded that Group stimulation method was more effective then individual muscles stimulation in Wrist Drop.
RADIOLOGICAL PREDICTION OF INFERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE INJURY FOLLOWING SURGICAL REMOVAL OF IMPACTED MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLAR- A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPH AND CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPH
Authors: Banerjee Lahari , Sarkar Aniket , Kundu Satyajit , Das Pallabi , Dutta Kaushik , Ghosh Samiran
Published: March 2022

The chances of neurological complications following surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar increase when there is close contact
between the inferior alveolar nerve and the tooth root. Thus, it is important to evaluate the topographic relationship between them preoperatively.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES- To assess the possible nerve injury following extraction of impacted mandibular third molar by comparing the
relevant panoramic features with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) ndings and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of OPG. MATERIAL
AND METHODS –A total number of 30 patients requiring surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar under local anesthesia and having
a close relationship between impacted mandibular third molar and inferior alveolar canal in panoramic radiograph were included in the study and
were advised for CBCT evaluation. Statistically signicant association w RESULTS - as found between darkening of the root in OPG and absence
of narrowing of the canal in CBCT with P value 0.008 (P<0.05) while distribution of darkening of the root (OPG) according to presence or absence
of corticalisation (CBCT) was not statistically signicant . The panorami CONCLUSION - c radiographs may be useful to assess the close
relationship between mandibular canal and third molar root tip but it cannot appraise the type of intimate relationship present between them for
which CBCT is the reliable tool.
MANDIBULAR RAMUS AND GONIALANGLE ANALYSIS AS PREDICTORS OF SEX DETERMINATION IN NORTHERN GUJARAT POPULATION: A DIGITAL PANORAMIC STUDY
Authors: Ashem Albert , Rajput Rajan , Kaur Manvir , Kalla Prafful , Shairem Debina , Kheroda Devi Ningthoujam
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: In forensic dentistry and medico-legal investigations the identication of the skeletal remains is of paramount importance.
Mandible may play a vital role in sex determination, as it is the most dimorphic bone of skull, which is often recovered intact. Mandibular ramus
and gonial angle can be used to differentiate between sexes and age estimation
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of digital panoramic radiographs to determine sex and age using
linear measurements made with respect to gonial angle and ramus region in the population of north Gujrat
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 200 patients (North Gujrat : Males and females in equal number) were further divided into age
groups30-40 years. The linear measurements were made in ramus and gonial angle region, which were calculated by using Adobe Acrobat Reader,
and ndings were statistically analyzed.
RESULTS: Males showed a higher average value in terms of ramus breadth, condylar and coronoid ramus height than females. In addition, a
signicant positive correlation was seen between age and ramus linear measurements. Males have higher gonial angle than females and with
increase in age, gonial angle decreases. In relation to gonial angle, females showed a higher gonial angle. In addition, as age increases, decrease in
gonial angle was found.
CONCLUSION: In selected North Gujrat populace, mandibular ramus showed higher sexual dimorphism in relation with age and sex estimation.
However, gonial angle can only be used as an additional tool to establish the identity of a person.
EFFECTIVENESS OF MUSIC THERAPY ALONG WITH PHYSIO -THERAPY TO IMPROVE GROSS MOTOR FUNCTION AND BEHAVIOUR IN SPASTIC CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors: Shrimali Mayurika , Barot Karishma
Published: March 2022

Background: Cerebral palsy affects approximately 1 out of 500 new-born s, with an estimated prevalence of 17 million people worldwide, which
establishes it as the most common motor disability during childhood. There are different therapeutic strategies such as physiotherapy and music
therapy for the treatment of cerebral palsy. Intervention protocols using both therapies to unify the measurement of motor function have not been
investigated. AIM & OBJECTIVES: AIM: The aim of the study is to nd out the Effectiveness of music therapy to improve gross motor function
and behavior in cerebral palsy children as these mainly lead more participation and restriction for patient and as well as family. OBJECTIVES:
1.The main objective is to improve the functional activities of the patient. Therefore, this study focuses on to nd out the effect of music therapy to
improve gross motor function 2.Study improve behavior in cerebral palsy children and increase independent measure of the patient. Methods: In a
6-week intervention study, 30 participants with features of spastic cerebral palsy studied. Pre and post treatment data was collected and analyzed
using gross motor function measures were used to nd out the signicance of the treatment. Result: The data was analyzed using SPSS version
22.0. Parametric test was used within the group analysis. AGreater signicant improvement in sensory & motor function was found after 6 weeks.
Conclusion: In the experimental condition used in the study, both the groups showed signicant improvement in strength and gross motor
function. The use of music therapy with conventional therapy (GROUP B) evidenced a signicant greater improvement in behavior and gross
motor function when compared to conventional therapy (GROUPA).
ASSESSMENT OF INCIDENCE OF PENILE SKIN EROSION / ULCER IN PATIENTS WITH EXTERNAL CONDOM CATHETER URINARY DRAINAGE.
Authors: S Shylaja , Chiruvila Joyal J
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION: Condom catheter is a non-invasive catheter, which is used to drain the urine in male patients, with urinary incontinence, Poor
mobility in bedridden status. The use of condom catheters promotes comfort level in patients; it is very easy to use and most importantly reduces the
risk nosocomial infections as compared to indwelling catheters.
METHODOLOGY: The study was conducted in Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Narayana Super Specialty Hospital over a period of 3 months, a total of
25 patients, who had condom catheterization, were included in the study after obtaining the informed consent from the participants. The clinical
audit assessment was done for rst 45 days among 9 catheterized patients and in-service program was implemented among the nurses to improve
the catheterization practices. Afterwards post audit assessment was done for next 45 days among 15 catheterized patients.
RESULT: The ndings of present study revealed that the majority of the participants (55.55%) had mild (redness), followed by 22.22% had
minimal epidermal skin erosion, 11.11% had GII pressure sores and no changes in the skin next was seen in 11.11% study subjects in pre audit
phase. The encountered problems associated with condom catheter were improved in the post audit phase wherein no changes in the skin were seen
in majority of the participants (87.5%) and 12.5% study subjects had mild redness with cases of Grade I or Grade II,pressure sores.
CONCLUSION: The study concluded that the catheter should be changed after 24 hours, always assess the penile area before the catheterisation
and correct size should be applied, re cleaning and drying is essential, application of additional adhesive should be avoided and the use of silicon
condom catheter was recommended in case of prolonged catheterization to prevent the penile erosion / ulcers.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF EGO-DEFENCE MECHANISMS AMONG THE MEDICAL STUDENTS.
Authors: V Ramachandra , Gangopadhyay Anindita , Tejaswini S. Miskin
Published: March 2022

Background: Ego defence mechanisms (or factors), dened by Freud as the unconscious mental process used by the ego to reduce conict
between the id and superego, are a reection of how an individual deals with conict and stress in other words anxiety. This study assesses the
prevalence of various ego defence mechanisms used by medical students of Mumbai, which has higher stress and anxiety levels than the general
population of India.
Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 700 students from four major medical colleges of Mumbai over 4 weeks.
Ego defence mechanisms were assessed using the Defence Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40) individually and as grouped under Mature, Immature,
and Neurotic factors.
Results: Lower mean scores of Immature defence mechanisms (4.78) were identied than those for Neurotic (5.62) and Mature (5.60)
mechanisms. Immature mechanisms were more commonly used by males whereas females used more Neurotic mechanisms than males. Neurotic
and Immature defences were signicantly more prevalent in rst and second-year students. Mature mechanisms were signicantly higher in
students enrolled in Government colleges than other private institutions (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Immature defence mechanisms were less commonly used than Neurotic and Mature mechanisms. The greater use of Neurotic
defences may reect greater stress levels than the general population. The use of these mechanisms was associated with the female gender.
Designing Experimental Classes in College Hotel Management Course: Hedonic Regression Analysis
Authors: Zou Dr. Gaolu
Published: March 2022

The experimental classes in Hotel Management for university tourism management majors can help students understand and master the fundamental theories and methods of hotel management. Taking hotel prices in Chengdu, China, as an example, this paper designs a course experiment on the impact of hotel star ratings and distance from CBD on prices. Gains are made in the experiments in Hotel Management course teaching. Students have mastered the use of built-in regression programs in Excel and hedonic price models in hotel management analysis. In the experiment, students found that an increase in hotel star ratings will increase hotel prices. With the rise in the distance from the CBD, the price will decrease. These are in line with theoretical expectations. These findings aroused students’ strong interest in learning hotel management courses.
Motivational Problems of Practising Speaking in Large Classes in EAP Courses at the University of Dhaka
Authors: Chowdhury Sabrina Ahmed
Published: March 2022

Motivating the students to speak is generally considered to be more difficult than motivating them in practicing other skills. Another great challenge for the teacher is keeping up a good level of motivation with an exceptionally large class. In the English language courses at the University of Dhaka, the teachers are confronted with a number to obstacles that puts extra burden on them and hampers their motivation in the same way as it decreases the motivation of their students. This study tries to portray the classroom situation and analyse the underlying problems that are responsible for reducing the motivation of speaking in English for both the students and the teachers. It aims to identify these variables in order to find out a way of minimizing the hindrances and enhance successful practising of English speaking skill.
The Prevalence, Causes and Prevention of Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Tang Kuok Ho Daniel
Published: March 2022

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are collectively referring to an array of conditions affecting the human locomotor system, such as muscles, nerves, joints, tendons and spinal discs. MSDs related to work are called occupational MSDs and are typically caused by physical factors consisting of repetitive tasks, forceful exertions, awkward positions, vibration due to use of vibrational tools and prolonged staying in the same positions. These physical factors are often complicated by psychosocial factors comprising job demand, job control, social support, job satisfaction, job security, work arrangement, etc. which can aggravate the biomechanical loading imposed by physical factors, thus resulting in more severe outcomes. Besides, individual factors such as health conditions, age, education level and medical history could lead to highly variable physiological responses and internal tolerances, hence outcomes. As the physical and psychosocial risk factors vary widely in different workplaces, the prevalence of MSDs tends to vary with sectors, occupations and even regions. Generally, healthcare sector has been reported to have relatively high occupational MSDs cases in multiple nations. To prevent occupational MSDs, priority should be given to elimination of the associated risks through job and workplace designs and management. Where elimination is not practical, the risks could be reduced through modification of workplace layout, work environment, work systems and tools as well as the use of mechanical aids. Provision of information, instruction and training, and other administrative controls such as job rotation which do not target at reducing the risks would have lower priority and should be used together with other control measures of higher priority.
Post-Accountability Accountability
Authors: Garnett Nicole
Published: March 2022

Over the past few decades, parental choice has exploded in the United States. Yet, despite early proponents’ hopes that parental choice would eliminate the need to regulate school quality—since parents’ choices would serve an accountability function—demands to use the law to hold chosen schools accountable for their academic performance are central features of education-reform debates today. This is an opportune time to consider the issue of academic accountability and parental choice. Parental choice has gained a firm foothold in the American educational landscape. As it continues to expand, debates about accountability for chosen schools will only intensify. The questions of whether, when, and how the law ought to regulate the quality of the schools participating in parental-choice programs are important and vexing ones for the law of education. This Article examines these questions and proposes principles to guide regulatory design efforts.
You Can’t Say That!: Public Forum Doctrine and Viewpoint Discrimination in the Social Media Era
Authors: Telegen Micah
Published: March 2022

The growing prevalence of privately-owned social media platforms is changing the way Americans and their governments communicate. This shift offers new opportunities, but also requires a reinterpretation of the First Amendment’s proscription of government limitations of speech. The public forum doctrine and its proscription of viewpoint discrimination seem particularly stretched by the digital revolution and the development of social media. In ongoing cases, litigants and courts have invoked the doctrine to limit the government’s ability to ‘block’ those who comment critically on government pages—much to the chagrin of those who note the private status of the companies hosting the pages and easy workarounds to ‘blocks.’

This Note argues that, given recent Supreme Court expansion of the concept of viewpoint discrimination, courts may be stretching the doctrine too far. These decisions call into question the constitutionality of government use of platforms that incorporate viewpoint discriminatory rules—such as hate speech bans—into their terms of service.

This Note concludes by proposing a solution: returning to the roots of the public forum doctrine. It argues that the question undergirding public forum analysis should be whether speech is consistent with the maintenance of the forum in which it occurs. If speech can occur without preventing the regular use of a forum, government regulation should be prohibited. If not, the government can— and should—take reasonable steps to maintain the forum for use by all.
The Quantum of Suspicion Needed for an Exigent Circumstances Search
Authors: Kinports Kit
Published: March 2022

For decades, the United States Supreme Court opinions articulating the standard of exigency necessary to trigger the exigent circumstances exception to the Fourth Amendment’s warrant requirement have been maddeningly opaque and confusing. Some cases require probable cause, others call for reasonable suspicion, and still, others use undefined and unhelpful terms such as “reasonable to believe” in describing how exigent the situation must be to permit the police to proceed without a warrant. Not surprisingly, the conflicting signals coming from the Supreme Court have led to disagreement in the lower courts.

To resolve this conflict and provide guidance to law enforcement officials and lower court judges, this Article proposes a three-step solution. First, the Court should reaffirm that probable cause to enter is a prerequisite for any exigent circumstances search: probable cause to believe, for example, that a suspect or piece of evidence is presently located on the premises. Second, the Court should clarify that any full search also requires probable cause of exigency: an independent finding of probable cause to believe that taking the time to obtain a warrant would result in some untoward consequence. This Article thus rejects the views expressed by some scholars that the Court already does—or should—allow at least some exigent circumstances searches on a standard lower than probable cause. Third, the Court should retreat from its opinions holding that a police officer’s subjective motivations are irrelevant in the subset of exigent circumstances cases where the entry is purportedly intended to provide emergency aid or further some other nonlaw- enforcement interest. Rather, the Court should recognize that these searches are, in essence, administrative inspections and therefore should demand proof that the primary purpose of the entry was actually to provide assistance, rather than to investigate a crime or conduct a pretextual search for evidence.