bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Characterization of Electrospun Poly(2‐hydroxy ethyl methacrylate) for Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Ramalingam Nithya , Natarajan Thirupathur Srinivasan , Rajiv Sheeja
Published: April 2013

Electrospinning is a reliable method to produce polymer nanofibers for medical applications. In this report, poly(2‐hydroxy ethyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA)) was electrospun using ethanol and water (4:1) to produce nanofibers. Electrospinning parameters such as the polymer concentration, flow rate, electric field, and distance between needle and collector were optimized. Nanofibers with diameters ranging from nano‐ to micrometer were obtained as seen through a scanning electron microscope. Solvent evaporation, thermal stability, crystallinity, storage modulus, and viscoelastic behavior were analyzed using FTIR, thermal analysis, X‐ray diffraction, and dynamical mechanical analysis respectively. This polymer fiber with mechanical strength, high swelling ratio, and good cell viability is shown to be an excellent biocompatible polymer for tissue engineering applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2013, 32, 21348; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21348
Impact of a venous thromboembolism prophylaxis “smart order set”: Improved compliance, fewer events
Authors: Zeidan Amer M. , Streiff Michael B. , Lau Brandyn D. , Ahmed Syed‐Rafay , Kraus Peggy S. , Hobson Deborah B. , Carolan Howard , Lambrianidi Chryso , Horn Paula B. , Shermock Kenneth M. , Tinoco Gabriel , Siddiqui Salahuddin , Haut Elliott R.
Published: April 2013

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) affects over 700,000 Americans annually. Prophylaxis reduces the risk of VTE by 60% but many patients still do not receive risk‐appropriate VTE prophylaxis. To improve our institution's VTE prophylaxis performance, we developed mandatory computerized clinical decision support‐enabled “smart order sets” that required providers to assess VTE risk factors and contraindications to pharmacologic prophylaxis. Using provider responses, the order set recommends evidence‐based risk‐appropriate VTE prophylaxis. To study the impact of our “smart order set” on prescription of risk‐appropriate VTE prophylaxis and clinical outcomes, we conducted a retrospective chart review of consecutive patients admitted to the Medicine service during one month immediately prior to (November 2007) and a single month subsequent to (April 2010) order set launch. Data collection included patient demographics, VTE risk factors, and the use and type of VTE prophylaxis. The pre‐ and post‐implementation cohorts contained 1,000 and 942 patients, respectively. After implementation of the “smart order set”, the prescription of risk‐appropriate VTE prophylaxis increased from 65.6% to 90.1% (P < 0.0001). Orders for any form of VTE prophylaxis increased from 76.4% to 95.6% (P < 0.0001). Radiographically documented symptomatic VTE within 90 days of hospital discharge declined from 2.5% to 0.7% (P = 0.002). Preventable harm was completely eliminated (1.1% to 0%, P = 0.001) with no difference in major bleeding or all‐cause mortality. A VTE prophylaxis computerized clinical decision support‐enabled “smart order set” improved prescription of risk‐appropriate VTE prophylaxis, reduced symptomatic VTE and eliminated preventable harm from VTE without increasing major bleeding. Am. J. Hematol. 88:545–549, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Verklebung auf den Diffusionswiderstand bei Einsatz von glutinbasierten Klebstoffen
Authors: Niemz Peter , Michel Franco , Kranitz Katalin
Published: April 2013

An mit Klebstoffen auf Basis tierischer Rohstoffe (Haut‐, Fisch‐ und Knochenleim) verklebtem Holz wurden der Diffusionswiderstand von Holzverklebungen sowie vergleichsweise das Sorptionsverhalten der Klebstofffilme gemessen. Tendenziell weisen die Verklebungen auf Basis tierischer Rohstoffe höhere Gleichgewichtsfeuchten und geringere Sorptionswiderstände auf als solche aus den heute meist eingesetzten synthetischen Klebstoffen. Dies kann sich auf die Feuchteaufnahme von mit diesen Materialien verklebten Werkstoffen (historische Möbel) auswirken.

Study on the influence of bonding on the diffusion resistance using animal glues. Diffusion resistance of bonded wood elements and sorption behavior of pure adhesive layers as well were determined for adhesives derived from animal tissues (hide, fish and bone glue). Bondings with animal glues tend to have higher equilibrium moisture content and lower sorption resistance than bondings made with synthetic adhesives commonly applied nowadays. This may have an effect on sorption processes in objects bonded with these materials (i.e. historic furniture).
Endlich Ruhe im Hort! Eine akustische Muster‐Installation nur in den Raumkanten
Authors: Fuchs Helmut V.
Published: April 2013

Mit den berechtigten Klagen über Bildungsdefizite, Belastungen von Lehrern und Erziehern sowie krankheitsbedingte Unterrichtsausfälle geraten die unzumutbar hohen Lärmpegel in den Fokus, die in fast allen Schulungs‐ und Betreuungsräumen herrschen. Zur Behebung dieses Missstands sind bauliche Maßnahmen gefragt, die eine entspannte Kommunikation Vieler ohne Anhebung ihrer Stimmen möglich machen. Hier wird eine raumakustische Muster‐Installation beschrieben, die mit breitbandig wirksamen Absorbern nur in den Kanten des Horts in einer Grundschule das Problem nachhaltig gelöst hat. Die auf diesen Anwendungsbereich zugeschnittenen Kanten‐Absorber sind relativ einfach anzubringen und bei einer Renovierung wie schallharte Decken‐ und Wandflächen zu behandeln. Die subjektive Einschätzung der Ergebnisse durch die Verantwortlichen und die Nutzer selbst wird durch objektive Messungen (der Nachhall‐Spektren) von vier Raumzuständen untermauert. Der Beitrag ruft zu einem entsprechend verstärkten öffentlichen und privaten Engagement auf.

Quiet in the school, at last! An acoustical model installation in merely the room edges. Substantial complaints about deficits in education, loads on teachers and tutors as well as subsequent losses due to various diseases have raised the general awareness of noise levels in tuition and care utilities. To cope with this omnipresent problem, constructional measures are required which can provide environments for a relaxed communication among numerous users without necessarily raising their voices. Here a room‐acoustical model installation is presented which has solved the problem by means of broadband sound absorbers concentrated in only the edges of a day‐nursery of a public elementary school. These ‘edge absorbers’, especially designed for this purpose, are easily installed and simply refurbished in the same way as rigid ceiling or wall surfaces. The subjective assessment of the achievements by those responsible and the users themselves are backed by objective measurements of the reverberation spectra for four different acoustic conditions in the room. The report finally calls for a reinforced public and private engagement in this field.
GIS‐enabled biomass‐ethanol supply chain optimization: model development and Miscanthus application
Authors: Lin Tao , Rodríguez Luis F , Shastri Yogendra N , Hansen Alan C , Ting KC
Published: April 2013

To ensure effective biomass feedstock provision for large‐scale ethanol production, a three‐stage supply chain was proposed to include biomass supply sites, centralized storage and pre‐processing (CSP) sites, and biorefinery sites. A GIS‐enabled biomass supply chain optimization model (BioScope) was developed to minimize annual biomass‐ethanol production costs by selecting the optimal numbers, locations, and capacities of farms, CSPs, and biorefineries as well as identifying the optimal biomass flow pattern from farms to biorefineries. The model was implemented to study the Miscanthus‐ethanol supply chain in Illinois. The results of the baseline case, assuming 2% of cropland is allocated for Miscanthus production, showed that unit Miscanthus‐ethanol production costs were $220.6 Mg–1, or $0.74 L–1. Biorefinery‐related costs are the largest cost component, accounting for 48% of the total costs, followed by biomass procurement, transportation, and CSP related costs. The unit Miscanthus‐ethanol production costs could be reduced to $198 Mg–1 using 20% of cropland, primarily due to savings in transportation costs. Sensitivity analyses showed that the optimal supply chain configurations, including the numbers and locations of supply sites, CSP facilities, and biorefineries, changed significantly for different cropland usage rates, biomass demands, transportation means, and pre‐processing technologies. A supply chain composed of large biorefineries with the support of distributed CSP facilities was recommended to reduce biofuels production costs. Rail outperformed truck transportation to ship pre‐processed biomass. Ground biomass with tapping is the suggested biomass format for the case study in Illinois, while high‐density biomass formats are suggested for long distance transportation. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Genotypic adaptations associated with prolonged persistence of Lactobacillus plantarum in the murine digestive tract
Authors: van Bokhorst‐van de Veen Hermien , Smelt Maaike J. , Wels Michiel , van Hijum Sacha A. F. T. , de Vos Paul , Kleerebezem Michiel , Bron Peter A.
Published: April 2013

Probiotic bacteria harbor effector molecules that confer health benefits, but also adaptation factors that enable them to persist in the gastrointestinal tract of the consumer. To study these adaptation factors, an antibiotic‐resistant derivative of the probiotic model organism Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 was repeatedly exposed to the mouse digestive tract by three consecutive rounds of (re)feeding of the longest persisting colonies. This exposure to the murine intestine allowed the isolation of intestine‐adapted derivatives of the original strain that displayed prolonged digestive tract residence time. Re‐sequencing of the genomes of these adapted derivatives revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms as well as a single nucleotide insertion in comparison with the genome of the original WCFS1 strain. Detailed in silico analysis of the identified genomic modifications pinpointed that alterations in the coding regions of genes encoding cell envelope associated functions and energy metabolism appeared to be beneficial for the gastrointestinal tract survival of L. plantarum WCFS1. This work demonstrates the feasibility of experimental evolution for the enhancement of the gastrointestinal residence time of probiotic strains, while full‐genome re‐sequencing of the adapted isolates provided clues towards the bacterial functions involved. Enhanced gastrointestinal residence is industrially relevant because it enhances the efficacy of the delivery of viable probiotics in situ.
High‐performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of (RS)‐bupropion using isothiocyanate‐based chiral derivatizing reagents
Authors: Bhushan Ravi , Batra Sonika
Published: April 2013

A high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for enantioseparation of bupropion was developed using two isothiocyanate‐based chiral derivatizing reagents, (S)‐1‐(1‐naphthyl) ethyl isothiocyanate, (S)‐NEIT, and (R)‐α‐methyl benzyl isothiocyanate, (R)‐MBIT. The diastereomers synthesized with (S)‐NEIT were enantioseparated by reversed‐phase HPLC using gradient elution with mobile phase containing water and acetonitrile, whereas diastereomers synthesized with (R)‐MBIT were enantioseparated using triethyl amine phosphate buffer and methanol. Derivatization conditions were optimized and the method was validated for accuracy, precision and limit of detection. The limit of detection was found to be 0.040–0.043 µg/mL for each of the diastereomers prepared with (S)‐NEIT. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transition‐Metal‐Free One‐Pot Synthesis of Biaryls from Grignard Reagents and Substituted Cyclohexanones
Authors: Zhou Feng , Simon Marc‐Oliver , Li Chao‐Jun
Published: April 2013

A new strategy for the construction of biaryls by a transition‐metal‐free process is presented. A sequence of a Grignard reaction, dehydration, and oxidative aromatization affords the desired products in a one‐pot fashion.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Spirodifuranose Derivatives by Reduction of Stable Spiro‐Endoperoxides.
Authors: Telli Fatma Cetin , Yueceer Levent
Published: April 2013

Reduction of spiro‐endoperoxides with dimethylsulfite furnishes spirodifuranones with concomitant anomeric methylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Radicals in Transition Metal Catalyzed Reactions? Transition Metal Catalyzed Radical Reactions? ‐ A Fruitful Interplay Anyway: Part 2. Radical Catalysis by Group 8 and 9 Elements
Authors: Jahn Ullrich
Published: April 2013

Review: 508 refs.
The relation between cancer patient treatment decision‐making roles and quality of life
Authors: Atherton Pamela J. , Smith Tenbroeck , Singh Jasvinder A. , Huntington Jef , Diekmann Brent B. , Huschka Mashele , Sloan Jeff A.
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUND

The objective of this study was to explore relations between patient role preferences during the cancer treatment decision‐making process and quality of life (QOL).

METHODS

One‐year cancer survivors completed a survey in 2000 as part of a larger survey conducted by the American Cancer Society. The current report was based on survey respondents from Minnesota (response rate, 37.4%). Standardized measures included the Profile of Mood States (scores were converted to have a range, from 0 to 100, with 100 indicating the best mood), the Medical Outcomes Survey 36‐item short‐form health survey (SF‐36) (standardized scores), and the Control Preferences Scale. Patients' actual and preferred role preference distributions and concordance between roles were compared with QOL scores using 2‐sample t test methodology.

RESULTS

The actual role of survivors (n = 594) in cancer care was 33% active, 50% collaborative, and 17% passive. Their preferred role was 35% active, 53% collaborative, and 13% passive. Overall, 88% of survivors had concordant preferred and actual roles. Survivors who had concordant roles had higher SF‐36 Physical Component Scale (PCS) scores (P < .01), higher vitality (P = .01), less fatigue (P < .01), less confusion (P = .01), less anger (P = .046), and better overall mood (P = .01). These results were similar among both women and younger individuals (aged <60 years). Survivors who had active actual roles had higher PCS scores (P < .01), less tension (P = .04), and higher vitality (P = .04) than survivors who were either collaborative or passive. No differences existed in QOL scores according to preferred role.

CONCLUSIONS

Survivors who experienced discordance between their actual role and their preferred role reported substantial QOL deficits in both physical and emotional domains. These results indicate the need to support patient preferences. Cancer 2013;119:2342–2349. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Generate‐map‐reduce: An extension to map‐reduce to support shared data and recursive computations
Authors: Dharanipragada Janakiram , Iyer Geeta , Kailasam Sriram
Published: April 2013

It is difficult to express the parallelism present in complex computations by using existing higher level abstractions such as MapReduce and Dryad. These computations include applications from wide variety of domains, like Artificial Intelligence, Decision Tree Algorithms, Association Rule Mining, Recommender Systems, Graph Algorithms, Clustering Algorithms, Compute Intensive Scientific Workflows, Optimization Algorithms, and so forth. Their execution graphs introduce new challenges in terms of programmer expressibility and runtime performance such as iterative and recursive computations, shared communication model, and so forth. We propose an extension to MapReduce, called Generate‐Map‐Reduce (GMR), targeted towards modeling these applications. GMR introduces a new Generate abstraction into the MapReduce framework that captures recursive computations. The runtime also supports iterative jobs and a distributed communication model by using shared data structures. We illustrate recursive computations with GMR by modeling complex applications such as simulated annealing, A* search, and adaptive quadrature computation that require recursive spawning of new tasks to handle variable degree of parallelism. GMR runtime supports caching of common data across iterations in memory and local disks. We illustrate how this caching helps in achieving significant speedup for iterative computations by modeling k‐means clustering. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of bitwise operators on hash uniformity in network packet processing
Authors: Xiong Bing , Yang Kun , Li Feng , Chen Xiaosu , Zhang Jianming , Tang Qiang , Luo Yuansheng
Published: April 2013

Hash functions are widely applied in network packet processing, and uniformity is one of their determinant attributes. This paper investigates into the impact of bitwise operators on the uniformity of such hash functions. To this end, we first define connection identifier as their input keyword, whose uniformity is quantized by deviation index. Then, we analyze the impact of all bitwise operators on the deviation indices of its operation results. As for binary bitwise operators, we give the conditions where AND, OR and XOR increase bit uniformity, respectively, and conclude that only XOR improves the uniformity of bits in the connection identifier effectively by verifying these conditions with real network traffic. Furthermore, we derive a positive linear relationship of the uniformity of a bit‐stream and that of its any bit under simple independence assumption. As for unary bitwise operators, we prove that NOT keeps bit‐stream uniformity as the same even combined with XOR. Nevertheless, we find that circular shift with XOR changes bit‐stream uniformity with a great probability. In particular, a way is proposed to determine the optimal staggered number of two bit‐streams before their XOR operation. Lastly, we provide guidelines to design uniform hash functions with circular shift and XOR. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the Electronic Structure ofmer,trans‐[RuCl3(1H‐indazole)2(NO)], a Hypothetical Metabolite of the Antitumor Drug Candidate KP1019: An Experimental and DFT Study
Authors: Bučinský Lukas , Büchel Gabriel E. , Ponec Robert , Rapta Peter , Breza Martin , Kožíšek Jozef , Gall Marian , Biskupič Stanislav , Fronc Marek , Schiessl Katharina , Cuzan Olesea , Prodius Denis , Turta Constantin , Shova Sergiu , Zając Dariusz A. , Arion Vladimir B.
Published: April 2013

The study reported herein focused on the electronic structure of the {Ru(NO)}6fragment and characterization of the oxidation state of ruthenium inmer,trans‐[RuCl3(Hind)2(NO)] (1; Hind = 1H‐indazole) resulting from the reaction ofmer,trans‐[RuCl3(H2O)(Hind)2] (2) with NO in acetone or solid‐state Anderson rearrangement of (H2ind)2[RuCl5(NO)] at 180 °C. The results of X‐ray diffraction,1H,13C, and15N NMR, EPR, IR, and UV/Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, magnetic susceptibility, and XANES/EXAFS as well as theoretical data have been critically analyzed. The localized orbitals, domain‐averaged Fermi holes, frontier orbitals, Mulliken population, and quantum theory of atoms‐in‐molecules (QTAIM) analyses are presented. In addition,mer,trans‐[RuIIICl3(H2O)(Hind)2] (2) andtrans‐[RuIICl2(Hind)4] (3) were experimentally and theoretically investigated as reference compounds. A complete active space SCF calculation was performed to estimate the extent of antiferromagnetic spin–spin coupling in1. We found that the closed‐shell structure {RuIII(NO)0}6fits better to the physical/spectroscopic properties of1, although {RuII(NO)+}6is formally still suitable for describing the oxidation state of Ru in this entity.
(β‐D‐Ribofuranosyl)formamidine in the Design and Synthesis of 2‐(β‐D‐Ribofuranosyl)pyrimidines, Including RF‐Containing Derivatives
Authors: Iaroshenko Viktor O. , Dudkin Sergii , Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Ya. , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter
Published: April 2013

A wide range of novel 2‐(β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)pyrimidines, including RF‐containing derivatives, have been synthesized by the reaction of (β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)formamidine with various dielectrophilic substrates such as 3‐alkoxy‐ and 3‐chloro‐1‐(polyfluoroalkyl)propen‐1‐ones, 3‐nitro‐ and 3‐(phenylethynyl)chromones and heteroaryl acetylenic ketones.
Reduced sampling and incomplete sensitivity for low‐complexity robust parametric optimization
Authors: Mohammadi Bijan
Published: April 2013

The paper considers robust parametric optimization problems using multipoint formulations and makes the link with momentum‐based formulations. Optimal sampling issues are discussed, and a procedure is proposed to quantify the confidence level on the robustness of the design. We also discuss incomplete sensitivity evaluations to take into account the computational complexity constraint. This permits to take advantage of what was previously developed for efficient monopoint design where the cost of the optimization is comparable with one state evaluations. The proposed algorithm is fully parallel and the time‐to‐solution is comparable with monopoint situations. Concepts are introduced through simple examples, and the paper ends with the design of the shape of an aircraft robust over a range of transverse winds.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Duisburg‐Marxloh
Authors: Treude Janina
Published: April 2013

Medienstereotype hier, Innenansichten dort: Die Ethnologin Anna Caroline Cöster erforscht die soziale Realität eines multiethnischen Problemstadtteils.
Toll‐like receptor 3 activation modulates hippocampal network excitability, via glial production of interferon‐β
Authors: Costello Derek A. , Lynch Marina A.
Published: April 2013

The family of toll‐like receptors (TLR) plays a major role in innate immunity due to their pathogen‐recognition abilities. TLR3 is a sensor for double‐stranded RNA, and regulates host‐defense responses to several viruses, via the production of type I interferons. Interferon‐β (IFNβ) is a primary product of TLR3 activation, and its transcription is elevated in the CNS response to the synthetic TLR3 ligand, polyinosinic‐polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)). Peripheral infections, along with TLR‐induced inflammatory mediators, are known to have detrimental effects on brain function, exerting a negative impact on cognition and enhancing seizure susceptibility. In this study, we assessed hippocampal function in vitro, in response to systemic delivery of a TLR3 agonist. Unlike agonists of other TLRs, intraperitoneal injection of poly(I:C) did not adversely affect evoked short‐ and long‐term synaptic plasticity in mouse hippocampal slices. However, sustained and interictal‐like spontaneous activity was observed in CA1 pyramidal cells in response to poly(I:C) and this was associated with alterations in the expression of phosphorylated NR2B subunit‐containing NMDA receptors and an astrocyte‐specific glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST) which impact on extracellular glutamate concentration and contribute to the genesis of epileptiform activity. We provide evidence for the production of IFNβ from microglia and astrocytes, and using mice deficient in the type I IFN receptor α 1 (IFNAR1), demonstrate that its subsequent activation is likely to underlie the TLR3‐mediated modulation of hippocampal excitability. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
In vivo contribution of nestin‐ and GLAST‐lineage cells to adult hippocampal neurogenesis
Authors: DeCarolis Nathan A. , Mechanic Maxwell , Petrik David , Carlton Adam , Ables Jessica L. , Malhotra Shveta , Bachoo Robert , Götz Magdalena , Lagace Diane C. , Eisch Amelia J.
Published: April 2013

Radial glia‐like cells (RGCs) are the hypothesized source of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. However, the current model of hippocampal neurogenesis does not fully incorporate the in vivo heterogeneity of RGCs. In order to better understand the contribution of different RGC subtypes to adult hippocampal neurogenesis, we employed widely used transgenic lines (Nestin‐CreERT2 and GLAST::CreERT2 mice) to explore how RGCs contribute to neurogenesis under basal conditions and after stimulation and depletion of neural progenitor cells. We first used these inducible fate‐tracking transgenic lines to define the similarities and differences in the contribution of nestin‐ and GLAST‐lineage cells to basal long‐term hippocampal neurogenesis. We then explored the ability of nestin‐ and GLAST‐lineage RGCs to contribute to neurogenesis after experimental manipulations that either ablate neurogenesis (i.c.v. application of the anti‐mitotic AraC, cytosine‐β‐D‐arabinofuranoside) or stimulate neurogenesis (wheel running). Interestingly, in both ablation and stimulation experiments, labeled RGCs in GLAST::CreERT2 mice appear to contribute to neurogenesis, whereas RGCs in Nestin‐CreERT2 mice do not. Finally, using NestinGFP reporter mice, we expanded on previous research by showing that not all RGCs in the adult dentate gyrus subgranular zone express nestin, and therefore RGCs are antigenically heterogeneous. These findings are important for the field, as they allow appropriately conservative interpretation of existing and future data that emerge from these inducible transgenic lines. These findings also raise important questions about the differences between transgenic driver lines, the heterogeneity of RGCs, and the potential differences in progenitor cell behavior between transgenic lines. As these findings highlight the possible differences in the contribution of cells to long‐term neurogenesis in vivo, they indicate that the current models of hippocampal neurogenesis should be modified to include RGC lineage heterogeneity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of a Spiritually Based Child Maltreatment Prevention Training Program
Authors: Baker Louisa K. , Rigazio‐DiGilio Sandra A.
Published: April 2013

The authors empirically evaluated a spiritually based 1‐day child maltreatment training program. Pretest, posttest, and follow‐up results indicated that participants' recognition of hypothetical maltreatment did not increase after training. Furthermore, although participants decreased their use of items known to dissuade decisions to report, they were less likely to report maltreatment posttraining and 1 month later. Focus group data revealed that participants felt more knowledgeable but insufficiently prepared to respond to maltreatment and that they needed opportunities to practice what they had learned. Suggestions for clergy, pastoral counselors, and mental health professionals working within spiritual communities are provided to inform curriculum advancements.
Counseling and Values Publication Patterns From 1990 to 2009
Authors: Erford Bradley T. , Erford Breann M. , Hoffman Caren , Erford Matthew R.
Published: April 2013

The authors reviewed publication patterns for articles published from 1990 to 2009 in the journal Counseling and Values. Article content and author demographic characteristics (i.e., sex of authors, nation of domicile, employment setting of authors, frequently contributing individuals and universities) were analyzed by 5‐year periods for trends over time. Specific attention was given to periodic changes in characteristics of research articles, including types of research designs, quantitative/qualitative approach, participant types, random assignment, sample size, intervention/nonintervention focus, and statistical procedures used.
Race and Ethnicity: An 11‐Year Content Analysis of Counseling and Values
Authors: Baker Caroline A. , Bowen Nikol V. , Butler J. Yasmine , Shavers Marjorie C.
Published: April 2013

Using the Dimensions of Personal Identity Model proposed by Arredondo and Glauner (as cited in Arredondo et al., 1996), the authors reviewed the last 11 years of the Association for Spiritual, Ethical, and Religious Values in Counseling's journal, Counseling and Values, specifically regarding the “A” dimensions of race and ethnicity. Twenty‐five of the 235 articles reviewed (11%) contained a multicultural perspective defined in these terms. Other aspects of cultural inclusion, such as authorship and type of study, were also considered.
Navigating Bereavement With Spirituality‐Based Interventions: Implications for Non‐Faith‐Based Counselors
Authors: Dyer Jacqueline E. Thurston , Hagedorn W. Bryce
Published: April 2013

The relationship between spirituality and bereavement has been studied in a multitude of disciplines, yet there is a significant gap in the counseling literature on this topic. The authors explore how spirituality is often avoided in secular counseling settings, discuss adverse effects of unresolved grief on clients' functioning, and propose the concept that spirituality can be used to help clients through the bereavement process. Finally, the authors offer research and clinically based interventions that counselors, particularly those who do not identify as faith‐based, can use to incorporate spirituality into their work with bereaved clients.
Comparative stability of the bioresorbable ferric crosslinked hyaluronic acid adhesion prevention solutions
Authors: Luu Hoan‐My Do , Chen Angela , Isayeva Irada S.
Published: April 2013

The Intergel® ferric crosslinked hyaluronate (FeHA) adhesion prevention solution (APS) (FDA) is associated with serious post‐operative complications (Henley, http://www.lawyersandsettlements.com/features/gynecare‐intergel/intergel‐timeline.html, 2007; FDA, 2003; Roman et al., Fertil Steril 2005, 83 Suppl 1:1113–1118; Tang et al., Ann Surg 2006;243(4):449–455; Wiseman, Fertil Steril 2006;86(3):771; Wiseman, Fertil Steril 2006;85(4):e7). This prompted us to examine the in situ stability of crosslinked HA materials to hyaluronidase lyase degradation. Variables such as ferric ionic crosslink density, HA concentration, gel geometry, and molecular weight (MW) of HA polymer were studied. Various formulations of the crosslinked “in house” [Isayeva et al., J Biomed Mater Res: Part B – Appl Biomater 2010, 95B (1):9–18] FeHA (0.5%, w/v; 30, 50, 90% crosslinked), the Intergel® FeHA (0.5%, w/v; 90%), and the non‐crosslinked HA (0.05–0.5%, w/v) were degraded at a fixed activity of hyaluronidase lyase from Streptomyces hyalurolyticus (Hyase) at 37°C over time according to the method [Payan et al., J Chrom B: Biomed Sci Appl 1991;566(1):9–18]. Under our conditions, the data show that the crosslink density affects degradation the most, followed by HA concentration and then gel geometry. We found that MW has no effect. Our results are one possible explanation of the observations that the Intergel® FeHA APS (0.5%, w/v; 90%) material persisted an order of magnitude longer than expected [t1/2 = 500 hrs vs. t1/2 = 50 hrs (FDA; Johns et al., Fertil Steril 1997;68(1):37–42)]. These data also demonstrate the sensitivity of the in vitro hyaluronidase assay to predict the in situ stability of crosslinked HA medical products as previously reported [Sall et al., Polym Degrad Stabil 2007;92(5):915–919]. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2013.
Formability and mechanical properties of porous titanium produced by a moldless process
Authors: Naito Yoshihito , Bae Jiyoung , Tomotake Yoritoki , Hamada Kenichi , Asaoka Kenzo , Ichikawa Tetsuo
Published: April 2013

Tailor‐made porous titanium implants show great promise in both orthopedic and dental applications. However, traditional powder metallurgical processes require a high‐cost mold, making them economically unviable for producing unique devices. In this study, a mixture of titanium powder and an inlay wax binder was developed for moldless forming and sintering. The formability of the mixture, the dimensional changes after sintering, and the physical and mechanical properties of the sintered porous titanium were evaluated. A 90:10 wt % mixture of Ti powder and wax binder was created manually at 70°C. After debindering, the specimen was sintered in Ar at 1100°C without any mold for 1, 5, and 10 h. The shrinkage, porosity, absorption ratio, bending and compressive strength, and elastic modulus were measured. The bending strength (135–356 MPa), compression strength (178–1226 MPa), and elastic modulus (24–54 GPa) increased with sintering time; the shrinkage also increased, whereas the porosity (from 37.1 to 29.7%) and absorption ratio decreased. The high formability of the binder/metal powder mixture presents a clear advantage for fabricating tailor‐made bone and hard tissue substitution units. Moreover, the sintered compacts showed high strength and an elastic modulus comparable to that of cortical bone. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2013.
Promotion of mouse ameloblast proliferation by Lgr5 mediated integrin signaling
Authors: Yoshida Toshiyuki , Iwata Takanori , Umemoto Terumasa , Shiratsuchi Yoshiko , Kawashima Nobuyuki , Sugiyama Toshihiro , Yamato Masayuki , Okano Teruo
Published: April 2013

Rodent incisors grow throughout the animal's lives, and the tooth‐forming cells are provided from proximal ends of the incisors where the tooth epithelium forms a stem cell niche called cervical loop. The committing cells in a cervical loop actively begin to proliferate (pre‐ameloblasts), and differentiating into ameloblasts. This study showed that the lower incisors of mice null for CD61 (CD61−/−), also known as integrin β3, were significantly shorter than those of the wild‐type mice at 8‐week‐old. The protein and mRNA expressions levels of Fgfr2, Lgr5, and Notch1, which are known to be involved in pre‐ameloblastic cell proliferation and stem cell maintenance, were reduced in the cervical loop of 2‐week‐old CD61−/− mice. The proliferation of pre‐ameloblasts was reduced in CD61−/− ameloblasts. The siRNA‐mediated suppression of CD61 (siCD61) reduced the proliferation of pre‐ameloblastic cell line ALC, and the expression levels of Lgr5 and Notch1 were reduced by the transfection with siCD61. The suppression of Lgr5 by transfection with siLgr5 suppressed the proliferation of the ALC cells. These results suggested that CD61 signaling is required for the proper growth of the cervical loop and for the promotion of the proliferation of pre‐ameloblastic cells through Lgr5. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 2138–2147, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MiR‐23a in amplified 19p13.13 loci targets metallothionein 2A and promotes growth in gastric cancer cells
Authors: An Juan , Pan Yuanming , Yan Zhi , Li Wenmei , Cui Jiantao , Yuan Jiao , Tian Liqing , Xing Rui , Lu Youyong
Published: April 2013

Copy number variation (CNV) and abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) always lead to deregulation of genes in cancer, including gastric cancer (GC). However, little is known about how CNVs affect the expression of miRNAs. By integrating CNV and miRNA profiles in the same samples, we identified eight miRNAs (miR‐1274a, miR‐196b, miR‐4298, miR‐181c, miR‐181d, miR‐23a, miR‐27a and miR‐24‐2) that were located in the amplified regions and were upregulated in GC. In particular, amplification of miR‐23a‐27a‐24‐2 cluster and miR‐181c‐181d cluster frequently occurred at 19p13.13 and were confirmed by genomic real‐time PCR in another 25 paired GC samples. Moreover, in situ hybridization (ISH) experiments represented that mature miR‐23a was increased in GCs (75.5%, 40/53) compared with matched normal tissues (28.6%, 14/49, P = 0.001). Knocking down of miR‐23a expression inhibited BGC823 cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the potential target genes of miR‐23a were investigated by integration of mRNA profile and miRNA TargetScan predictions, we found that upregulation of miR‐23a and downregulation of metallothionein 2A (MT2A) were detected simultaneously in 70% (7/10) of the miRNA and mRNA profiles. Furthermore, an inverse correlation between miR‐23a and MT2A expression was detected in GCs and normal tissues. Through combining luciferase assay, we confirmed that MT2A is a potential target of miR‐23a. In conclusion, these results suggest that integration of CNV‐miRNA‐mRNA profiling is a powerful tool for identifying molecular signatures, and that miR‐23a might play a role in regulating MT2A expression in GC. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 2160–2169, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Foamy virus‐adenovirus hybrid vectors for gene therapy of the arthritides
Authors: Weber Conrad , Armbruster Nicole , Scheller Carsten , Kreppel Florian , Kochanek Stefan , Rethwilm Axel , Steinert Andre F.
Published: March 2013

Background

Genetic treatments of chronic arthritic conditions are essentially dependent on safe and efficient vector systems. To combine features of the efficient transduction of adenovirus vectors with the advantage of stable integration into the host cell genome of apathogenic prototype foamy virus vectors, hybrid vectors (FAD) have been established. In the present study, we have generated and investigated the use of safe FAD vectors for direct gene delivery to joints.

Methods

We generated recombinant FAD encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) or human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist protein (IL1RA) cDNA, and explored their transgene expression profile, as well as the bioactivity of the IL1RA transgene in vitro. The feasibility of IL1RA gene delivery to articular tissues was investigated in a pilot study employing direct FAD injections to the knee joints of Wistar rats.

Results

FAD vectors efficiently transduced human or rat fibroblasts with EGFP or IL1RA transgene in vitro. Levels of IL1RA transgene expression were high, stable and functional in vitro. Transduced synovial fibroblasts and high levels of IL1RA protein (10–35 ng/ml) could be detected in vivo in the synovium of Wistar rats 3–5 days after injection of FAD vectors to the knee joints.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that FAD vectors are capable of efficient in vivo gene transfer to synovium and merit further investigation as a means of providing efficient and long‐term intra‐articular transgene expression for treatment of the arthritides. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wind and submerged aquatic vegetation influence bio‐optical properties in large shallow Lake Taihu, China
Authors: Liu Xiaohan , Zhang Yunlin , Yin Yan , Wang Mingzhu , Qin Boqiang
Published: April 2013

We studied the bio‐optical properties and sediment dynamics of typical phytoplankton‐dominated (PD) and macrophyte‐dominated (MD) regions in shallow Lake Taihu in China, from long‐term site‐specific studies and short‐term high‐frequency observations. The long‐term studies showed that five parameters were significantly lower in the MD region than in the PD region: photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd(PAR)), concentrations of total suspended matter (CTSM), tripton (CTripton), and phytoplankton pigment (CChla+Pa), and CDOM absorption coefficient (aCDOM(350)). In winter in the MD region, with only scarce submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) coverage, the Kd(PAR), CTSM, and CTripton were significantly higher than in the PD region with no SAV; in contrast, CChla+Pa and aCDOM(350) were significantly lower in the MD region than in the PD region. In the other three seasons with high SAV coverage, Kd(PAR), CTSM, CTripton, CChla+Pa, and aCDOM(350) were all significantly lower in the MD region than in the PD region. The appearance and growth of SAV decreased CTSM, CTripton, and Kd(PAR). The short‐term high‐frequency study showed that phytoplankton and tripton absorption coefficients were significantly lower in the MD region than in the PD region. In the PD region, there were highly significant exponential relationships between wind speed, wave height, and wave shear stress, and CTripton and Kd(PAR), showing that wind‐driven sediment resuspension could significantly affect both the tripton concentration and PAR attenuation. However, in the MD region, there were only weakly significant correlations, or no significant correlations, between wind speed, wave height, and wave shear stress, and CTripton, and Kd(PAR). The combination of the long‐term site‐specific and short‐term high‐frequency observations is an excellent tool for study of the bio‐optical properties in lake environments.
Skeletal indicators of ecological specialization in pika (Mammalia, Ochotonidae)
Authors: Reese Aspen T. , Lanier Hayley C. , Sargis Eric J.
Published: April 2013

Cover illustration. Collared pika (Ochotona collaris) is caught mid‐leap on a foraging bout by wildlife photographer Moose Peterson. In this issue of the Journal of Morphology Reese, Lanier, and Sargis study whether postcranial features related to burrowing are present in meadow‐dwelling species and whether talus‐dwelling species (like the one on the cover) exhibit postcranial modifications related to frequent leaping between rocks (pages 585–602).
Clinical application of controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in a higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA)‐volumetric interpolated breathhold (VIBE) sequence for gadoxetic acid‐enhanced liver MR imaging
Authors: Yu Mi Hye , Lee Jeong Min , Yoon Jeong‐Hee , Kiefer Berthold , Han Joon Koo , Choi Byung‐Ihn
Published: April 2013

Purpose

To determine whether a controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA) technique can improve the image quality of three‐dimensional (3D), T1‐weighted gradient echo (T1w‐GRE) imaging compared with the use of a standard, parallel acquisition technique (PAT).

Materials and Methods

Sixty‐four patients who underwent liver MR on a 3 Tesla (T) scanner, were included in this study. Twenty minutes after the injection of 0.025 mmole/kg of gadoxetic acid, 3D T1w‐GRE imaging (volumetric interpolated breathhold examination [VIBE]) was acquired twice using a generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition (384 × 250 matrix, acceleration factor [AF] of 2) and a CAIPIRINHA (384 × 380 matrix, AF of 4), respectively. Qualitative image analysis was performed for two image sets.

Results

CAIPIRINHA‐VIBE showed better hepatic vessel clarity and lesion conspicuity than standard VIBE (P < 0.05). CAIPIRINHA‐VIBE in the coronal plane also provided better results of motion artifact and liver edge sharpness than the standard VIBE (P < 0.05). Despite the more apparent PAT artifact on CAIPIRINHA‐VIBE than on standard VIBE (P < 0.05), CAIPIRINHA‐VIBE showed better overall image quality.

Conclusion

The CAIPIRINHA‐VIBE was able to provide a higher spatial resolution, T1‐weighted imaging with better image quality compared with a standard VIBE. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:1020–1026. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of temperature processing methods for monitoring focused ultrasound ablation in the brain
Authors: Rieke Viola , Instrella Ron , Rosenberg Jarrett , Grissom William , Werner Beat , Martin Ernst , Pauly Kim Butts
Published: April 2013

Purpose

To investigate the performance of different reconstruction methods for monitoring temperature changes during transcranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS).

Materials and Methods

Four different temperature reconstruction methods were compared in volunteers (without heating) and patients undergoing transcranial MRgFUS: single baseline subtraction, multibaseline subtraction, hybrid single baseline/referenceless reconstruction, and hybrid multibaseline/referenceless reconstruction. Absolute temperature error and temporal temperature uncertainty of the different reconstruction methods were analyzed and compared.

Results

Absolute temperature errors and temporal temperature uncertainty were highest with single baseline subtraction and lowest with hybrid multibaseline/referenceless reconstruction in all areas of the brain. Pulsation of the brain and susceptibility changes from tongue motion or swallowing caused substantial temperature errors when single or multibaseline subtraction was used, which were much reduced when the referenceless component was added to the reconstruction.

Conclusion

Hybrid multibaseline/referenceless thermometry accurately measures temperature changes in the brain with fewer artifacts and errors due to motion than pure baseline subtraction methods. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:1462–1471. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantitative multiparametric MRI of ovarian cancer
Authors: Carter Jori S. , Koopmeiners Joseph S. , Kuehn‐Hajder Jessica E. , Metzger Gregory J. , Lakkadi Navneeth , Downs Levi S. , Bolan Patrick J.
Published: April 2013

Purpose

To identify parameters associated with ovarian malignancy using multiparametric quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials and Methods

After Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, women with ovarian masses underwent preoperative imaging with 3 T MRI. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE)‐MRI with pharmacokinetic modeling, quantitative T2 mapping, and diffusion‐weighted imaging with quantitative mapping of the water diffusion parameters were performed. Ovarian masses had one or more discreet regions of interest, categorized as cystic or solid, and histologically diagnosed as benign or malignant. Mean region of interest (ROI) values were compared between benign and malignant masses using generalized estimating equations. In addition, we compared classification accuracy for the mean ROI value to a combination of histogram characteristics (standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis) from T2 map ROIs using logistic regression and ROC curve. The significance level was P = 0.05.

Results

Several DCE‐MRI parameters differentiated solid benign from malignant masses. Toft's rate constant (kep) was significantly higher in malignant masses (P < 0.001), as well as quantitative T2 values (P = 0.003), and signal intensity on T2 weighted imaging (P = 0.008). A linear combination of the mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of T2 within solid regions (area under the curve [AUC] 0.90) provided better classification accuracy than the mean of T2 alone (AUC 0.81).

Conclusion

Quantitative parameters from DCE‐MRI and T2 mapping can differentiate benign from malignant ovarian masses. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:1501–1509. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Composite pH predicts esomeprazole response in laryngopharyngeal reflux without typical reflux syndrome
Authors: Lien Han‐Chung , Wang Chen‐Chi , Liang Wen‐Miin , Sung Fung‐Chang , Hsu Jeng‐Yuan , Yeh Hong‐Zen , Chong Kareen , Chang Chi‐Sen
Published: April 2013

Objectives/Hypothesis

Factors predicting the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) are unclear. PPI treatment in patients without concomitant esophageal syndrome remains controversial. We investigated whether composite pH can predict PPI treatment response for LPR with or without concomitant typical reflux syndrome (CTRS).

Study Design

Prospective, open‐label therapeutic cohort study.

Methods

Patients with LPR in a tertiary center divided by presence (n = 65) and absence (n = 42) of CTRS underwent 24‐hour esophagopharyngeal pH test and took esomeprazole (40 mg, twice daily) for 12 weeks. Positive composite pH was defined as the presence of 1) excessive pharyngeal acid reflux, and/or 2) excessive distal esophageal acid reflux. A responder was defined as a patient with ≥50% reduction in primary laryngeal symptoms. The change in reflux symptoms was determined using the reflux symptom index (RSI) questionnaire. Logistic regression and mixed model were used to evaluate the predictability of the composite pH parameter.

Results

After 8 and 12 weeks of treatment, participants with positive composite pH were 10.3‐fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7–61.5; P = .01) and 7.9‐fold (95% CI, 1.4–44.8; P = .02) more likely to respond, respectively, than participants with negative composite pH among patients without CTRS. However, no difference was found in those with CTRS. Weekly repeated measures of RSI yielded similar findings.

Conclusions

In patients with suspected LPR without CTRS, a composite pH parameter, which incorporates pharyngeal and distal esophageal acid reflux, may predict response to esomeprazole therapy.

Level of Evidence

2b