bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cyberbullying and Social Isolation in Slovak Primary School Pupils/Elektroničko nasilje i društvena izolacija među osnovnoškolcima u Slovačkoj
Authors: Dulovics Mário , Nemcová Lívia , Riapošová Michaela , Storck Wolfgang , Segning Lucrece
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study aims to identify the relationship between the phenomenon of socialisolation and victimisation through cyberbullying. The Hikikomori Questionnaire(HQ-25) (Teo et al., 2018) was used to identify social isolation in the participants,and the prevalence of cyberbullying victims was monitored using a self-constructedscale Victimisation through Cyberbullying. The structure of the research instrumentswas determined using exploratory factor analysis, which revealed three factors in theHikikomori Questionnaire and one factor in the Victimisation through CyberbullyingScale. The research sample consisted of 2,768 pupils at the 2nd level of primaryschool. The average age of the pupils was 12.7 years (SD = 1.12). The empiricalresearch confirmed a weak statistically significant positive correlation between thefactors of the Hikikomori Questionnaire (avoidance of social interaction, isolation,engagement in social interaction) and the Victimisation through Cyberbullying Scale.The subsequent inferential analysis aimed to identify the statistically significantdifferences in cyberbullying victimisation according to gender and year of education.The results showed that females and older pupils scored significantly higher on theVictimisation through Cyberbullying Scale.Key words: cyberbullying; prevention; pupil; social isolation; victimisation.---SažetakCilj je ovoga istraživanja utvrditi vezu između fenomena socijalne izolacije iviktimizacije putem elektroničkoga nasilja (engl. cyberbullying). Za prepoznavanjedruštvene izolacije kod sudionika korišten je Upitnik o hikikomoriju (HQ-25) (Teo isur., 2018), dok se broj žrtava elektroničkoga nasilja pratio pomoću Skale viktimizacijeputem elektroničkoga nasilja koju su izradili autori. Struktura instrumenatakorištenih u istraživanju određena je pomoću eksploratorne faktorske analize kojomsu utvrđena tri faktora u Upitniku o hikikomoriju i jedan faktor u Skali viktimizacijeputem elektroničkoga nasilja. Uzorak ispitanika sastojao se od 2768 učenika nadrugoj razini osnovne škole. Prosječna dob ispitanika bila je 12,7 godina (SD = 1,12).Empirijsko istraživanje potvrdilo je slabu statistički značajnu pozitivnu vezu izmeđufaktora u Upitniku o hikikomoriju (izbjegavanje društvene interakcije, izolacija,uključivanje u društvenu interakciju) i Skale viktimizacije putem elektroničkoganasilja. Inferencijska analiza koja je uslijedila imala je za cilj utvrditi statističkiznačajne razlike u viktimizaciji putem elektroničkoga nasilja prema spolu i raziniobrazovanja. Rezultati su pokazali da su učenice i stariji učenici imali znatno višerezultate na Skali viktimizacije outem elektroničkoga nasilja.Ključne riječi: elektroničko nasilje (engl. cyberbullying); prevencija; učenik; socijalnaizolacija; viktimizacija.
Efficient Container Migration for Cloud Applications: A Secure and Cost-Effective Pre-Copy Strategy
Authors: Basani Maria Anurag Reddy , Kandi Anudeep
Published: November 2024

Container migration is a critical capability in cloud computing, enabling dynamic resource allocation and maintaining high availability for applications. This study proposes an optimized container migration technique to enhance migration efficiency by minimizing downtime and reducing data transfer overhead. Unlike traditional methods—Cold, Pre-copy, Post-copy, and Hybrid—our approach utilizes a predictive algorithm to identify and transfer only the essential memory pages during the pre-dump phase. Experimental evaluations show that the proposed method achieves substantial improvements, with a total migration time of 40 seconds compared to 64–95.67 seconds in other techniques and a downtime reduction to 18 seconds, significantly lower than traditional methods. Additionally, our technique minimized data transfer to 5700 bytes, optimizing network usage in large-scale cloud environments. These results confirm that the proposed approach is well-suited for high-demand cloud applications requiring minimal disruption and efficient resource utilization. Future work may extend this method by incorporating machine learning models to adapt to varying workloads and enhance predictive accuracy dynamically.
Leveraging Supervised Learning in Cloud Architectures for Automated Repetitive Tasks.
Authors: Mannem Pravallika , Daruvuri Rajesh , Patibandla Kiran Kumar
Published: November 2024

Cloud computing has been disrupting the way businesses work through an effective, and low-cost platform for delivering services and resources. However, as cloud computing is growing at a faster pace the complexity of administering and upkeep of such huge systems has become more complex. Time-consuming and resource-intensive tasks make repetitive operations like scaling resources or performance monitoring too slow and cumbersome, which in turn makes cloud architecture not well suited to efficiently managing workload fluctuations. This in turn has led to an increasing effort towards automating monotonous tasks for cloud architectures, using perhaps supervised learning techniques. This means that supervised learning algorithms can learn from the past, and can be used for prediction as well (which is very important in any operation: forecasting resource needs so you have capacity ready before it was needed using predictive analytics real-time data). This will relieve human operators of some work, making the system more efficient. By using the power of supervised learning, we can continuously optimize cloud architectures for costefficient and efficient resource provisioning. It also provides better scalability & adaptability for the system thus making it more fault-tolerant (in accordance to bootstrapping) against sudden spikes in workload that cannot be mitigated.
A Hybrid Approach to Brain Tumor Detection: Combining Deep Convolutional Networks with Traditional Image Processing Methods for Enhanced MRI Classification
Authors: Billah Muhammad Maruf , Rakib Abdullah Al , Hossain Md Shakawat , Borsha Mst Kamrun Nahar , Nahid Nazmul , Islam Md Nahidul
Published: November 2024

Brain tumour detection is a critical medical procedure where early and accurate diagnosis significantly improves patient outcomes. This study explores the application of deep learning models, specifically VGG19 and InceptionV3, for detecting brain tumours in MRI images. We fine-tuned both models using transfer learning and evaluated them on a dataset of MRI scans. InceptionV3 achieved 100% validation accuracy, while VGG19 achieved 95%, demonstrating their high efficacy in medical image classification. In addition to deep learning, the study integrates insights from traditional image processing techniques, such as edge detection and probabilistic neural networks (PNNs), highlighting how combining deep learning with traditional methods can enhance image preprocessing and quality. The results underscore that while deep learning models are highly effective in brain tumour classification, traditional techniques still play a vital role in optimizing the overall detection process.
The views of student–athletes on the combination of studying and sports
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Runchenek E. A. , Mikhailova A.V. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Antropova A. E. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Bessonova A. A. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Bukharov E. A. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Khudyshkin A. D. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Published: November 2024

A professional sports career is a long-term sports activity, coinciding in time with the age periods of childhood, adolescence and early adulthood, therefore, student-athletes find themselves in a situation of combining study and sports for a long time. The purpose of the research was to study the views of student-athletes on building a "double career". Some research methods were presented. The author's questionnaire was used as a research method, during which the responses of student-athletes to the difficulties of combining a sports career with studies at school and university, as well as factors contributing to or hindering the construction of two careers, were studied. The study sample consisted of 30 professional student-athletes of the Ural Federal University engaged in various sports. The results have showed that 46.7% of student-athletes experienced difficulties when combining studying and sports, while 46.7% replied that they had no problems with studying at school and 6.7% found it difficult to answer. The differences in students' responses are related to students' abilities: their ability to manage their time, awareness of the importance of studying, support from parents and coaches for combining studying and sports. The student-athletes have identified conditions that contribute to the resolution of contradictions in combining two careers. The obtained data can be used to develop recommendations for improving the learning conditions for the Ural Federal University athletes, as well as to create more effective "dual career" support programs.
PAGO POR SERVICIOS AMBIENTALES ASOCIADOS AL AGUA EN LATINOAMERICA
Authors: Medina Holger Adrián Jaimes
Published: November 2024

Este artículo de revisión analiza el concepto e implementación del Pago por Servicios Ambientales (PSA), con especial énfasis en su papel como mecanismo económico para la conservación de las fuentes hídricas y la gestión sostenible del agua. Se revisa la evolución teórica del PSA y sus principales enfoques, así como casos de éxito en países como Costa Rica, México, Brasil y Estados Unidos. A través del análisis de estudios previos y experiencias internacionales, se destacan los beneficios del PSA, especialmente en. la protección de cuencas hidrográficas, la mejora de la calidad del agua y el mantenimiento de servicios ecosistémicos críticos. Se explora su potencial aplicación en la región de la Orinoquía de Colombia, zona clave por su riqueza en biodiversidad y recursos hídricos, resaltando su relevancia para la protección de las fuentes de agua, la regulación del ciclo hidrológico y el desarrollo rural sostenible. Además, se identifican los desafíos que enfrenta la implementación del PSA en esta región, como la equidad en la distribución de beneficios y la necesidad de financiamiento sostenible en un largo período. Finalmente, el artículo discute las perspectivas futuras de PSA en Orinoquía, considerando su papel en la mitigación del cambio climático y la cooperación entre gobiernos, comunidades locales y organizaciones internacionales para asegurar su éxito.
A Unified Perspective on Value Backup and Exploration in Monte-Carlo Tree Search
Authors: Dam Tuan , D'Eramo Carlo , Peters Jan , Pajarinen Joni
Published: November 2024

Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a class of methods for solving complex decisionmaking problems through the synergy of Monte-Carlo planning and Reinforcement Learning (RL). The highly combinatorial nature of the problems commonly addressed by MCTS requires the use of efficient exploration strategies for navigating the planning tree and quickly convergent value backup methods. These crucial problems are particularly evident in recent advances that combine MCTS with deep neural networks for function approximation. In this work, we propose two methods for improving the convergence rate and exploration based on a newly introduced backup operator and entropy regularization. We provide strong theoretical guarantees to bound convergence rate, approximation error, and regret of our methods. Moreover, we introduce a mathematical framework based on the use of the α-divergence for backup and exploration in MCTS. We show that this theoretical formulation unifies different approaches, including our newly introduced ones, under the same mathematical framework, allowing to obtain different methods by simply changing the value of α. In practice, our unified perspective offers a flexible way to balance between exploration and exploitation by tuning the single α parameter according to the problem at hand. We validate our methods through a rigorous empirical study from basic toy problems to the complex Atari games, and including both MDP and POMDP problems.
Towards Robust Offline-to-Online Reinforcement Learning via Uncertainty and Smoothness
Authors: Wen Xiaoyu , Yu Xudong , Yang Rui , Chen Haoyuan , Bai Chenjia , Wang Zhen
Published: November 2024

To obtain a near-optimal policy with fewer interactions in Reinforcement Learning (RL), a promising approach involves the combination of offline RL, which enhances sample efficiency by leveraging offline datasets, and online RL, which explores informative transitions by interacting with the environment. Offline-to-Online RL provides a paradigm for improving an offline-trained agent within limited online interactions. However, due to the significant distribution shift between online experiences and offline data, most offline RL algorithms suffer from performance drops and fail to achieve stable policy improvement in offline-to-online adaptation. To address this problem, we propose the Robust Offlineto-Online (RO2O) algorithm, designed to enhance offline policies through uncertainty and smoothness, and to mitigate the performance drop in online adaptation. Specifically, RO2O incorporates Q-ensemble for uncertainty penalty and adversarial samples for policy and value smoothness, which enable RO2O to maintain a consistent learning procedure in online adaptation without requiring special changes to the learning objective. Theoretical analyses in linear MDPs demonstrate that the uncertainty and smoothness lead to tighter optimality bound in offline-to-online against distribution shift. Experimental results illustrate the superiority of RO2O in facilitating stable offline-to-online learning and achieving significant improvement with limited online interactions.
THE LEGAL NATURE OF DIGITAL GOODS IN MODERN ECONOMIC REALITIES
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Volkov A. V. , Demieva A. G. ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University
Published: November 2024

the article is devoted to the assessment of the essential characteristics of a digital product. Attention is drawn to the fact that there is no consensus in the legal doctrine on the legal nature of a digital product. It is clarified that some difficulties in the legal qualification of digital goods are also related to the peculiarities of its civil turnover, in particular, the transformation of the classical concept of “property”, the platformization of civil legal relations, contractual digital interaction, in addition, the turnover itself occurs in addition to specific borders of states (for example, software distribution occurs outside customs and tax control). The correlation of the studied category and the “product” in the classical sense, as well as with the concept of “service”, is carried out. The identified specific features of a digital product predetermine its own legal regime. It is concluded that in relation to digital goods, there is a need to create special rules.
ABOUT THE LEGAL NATURE AND LIMITS OF THE RESTRICTION AND SUSPENSION OF THE PROVISION OF PUBLIC SERVICES IN CASE OF INCOMPLETE PAYMENT BY THE CONSUMER
Authors:   Perm State University, Kuznetsova O. A. ,   Institute of the Federal Penal Service of Russia, Senotrusova E. M. ,   Irkutsk Law Institute (branch) University of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

the article analyzes the legal nature of measures for the restriction and suspension of the provision of public services with these measures implementation against the consumer’s debt. A conclusion is made that they belong to retaliatory measures. Their features are listed as follows: their organizational and legal nature, their implementation within the framework of established contractual relations and in connection with the malfunction of the counterparty, their being focused on temporary transformation of the structure of legal relations, the execution of stimulating, educational and security functions. The imperfection of domestic civil legislation is noted in terms of insufficient regulation of the non-jurisdictional form of protection. The limits of the implementation of restrictions and suspensions of the public services provision are listed, and in particular: proportionality of the liability to the violation, inadmissibility of violating the rights of other persons and endangering the life and health of citizens, ensuring a balance of rights and interests of consumers.
FREEDOM OF PANORAMA IN THE RUSSIAN COPYRIGHT LAW AND ITS UNDERSTANDING BY THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Volkov A. V. , Matveev A. G. ,   Perm State University
Published: November 2024

free use of works is the most important tool for balancing copyright and human rights, the interests of copyright holders and the interests of society. In 2024, for the first time in its history, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation adopted the Decision on the constitutionality of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation provisions on the free use of works (Decision No. 33-P). The relevant clause establishes a case of free use of works, which unofficially is called “Freedom of panorama”. According to the Court's opinion, the inclusion in a guide of sculptures images located in a place open to the public does not require the consent of the copyright holder, even if the guide is distributed for commercial purposes or if the image of the sculpture is the main object of use. This position contradicts the clear text of Article 1276 of the Civil Code, which does not contain such exceptions. According to the authors of this article, the Constitutional Court opposed legal formalism with legal realism. The Court unreasonably identified the interests of guidebook publishers with the interests of society. We also believe that a number of the Court’s arguments do not relate to the essence of the case and are insufficiently substantiated.
ON THE PRINCIPLE OF FREEDOM OF CONTRACT AND LEGAL PERSONALITY OF AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Lukyanenko V. E.
Published: November 2024

the article analyzes the legal personality of agricultural cooperatives and other agricultural organizations. On the basis of theoretical provisions, the legal capacity of legal entities is compared with legal personality. The interaction and influence of the principle of freedom of contract on the expansion of the normative and statutory legal personality of organizations after they conclude specific contracts is shown. Theoretical and practical recommendations on the application of the principle of freedom of contract and the normative and statutory legal personality of agricultural organizations for the formation of contractual legal relations are formulated.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PRINCIPLES OF TAX LAW (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PRINCIPLE OF FAIRNESS)
Authors:   Perm Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Prokhorko T. N. ,   Perm Branch of the Higher School of Economics
Published: November 2024

the article is devoted to the actual problems of the formation of the principles of tax law, due to a number of objective and subjective factors. Tax law is characterized by its dynamism and the absence of its own specific place in the current system of Russian law. In this regard, the principles of tax law can become system-forming, fundamental elements of a defining financial and legal institution, such as taxes. Legal principles are at the same time a concentrated expression of the industry and guiding principles that determine the development of a particular industry. Since tax law is not an independent branch, but, to date, is only a sub-branch of financial law that has developed from a large financial and legal institution, there is currently no established system of principles of tax law. In addition, the author reveals the importance of the principles of tax law on the example of individual principles, in particular the principle of fairness. It seems that the principle of justice as a general legal principle in tax law is being transformed into an industry or even a sub-industry with its own specific content and semantic purpose. In the future, in order to build a fair tax system, the principles of tax law must acquire a normative form of expression with specific legal imperatives.
A New Textbook on Regional Geology
Authors:   Perm State University, Osovetsky B. M.
Published: November 2024

A new textbook "Geology and minerals of the Perm Region" by R.G. Iblaminov is being reviewed. The book meets the standards of elective undergraduate education in the field of "Geology" and geological specialties.
Production of pH-sensitive sodium alginate / polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan / polyvinyl alcohol systems for drug delivery
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Lytkina Darya N. , Krasnikov Alesey A. ,   Tomsk State University, Saparali Aruzhan B. ,   Tomsk State University, Pastukh Polina I. ,   Tomsk State University, Kurzina Irina A. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: November 2024

The present study considers the production and study of the properties of polymer gels of polyvinyl alcohol - sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol - chitosan as pHsensitive systems for drug delivery. The absence of new chemical bonds was determined by IR spectroscopy. It has been established by SEM that the polymers are not completely homogenized, despite the long mixing process. For the obtained polymer systems, it was determined at what rate they are able to release the sacrificial substance from their structure.
Organosilicon coating mass distribution in plasma-chemical reactor based on glow discharge in gas flow
Authors:   Institute of High Current Electronics of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Zuza Daniil A. , Nekhoroshev Vitaly O. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Batrakov Alexander V. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Kurzina Irina A. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: November 2024

Using the Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition (PECVD) method, it is possible to synthesize a wide range of different materials, in particular, organosilicon polymer-like coatings. In the present work, a plasma-chemical reactor with coaxial hollow electrodes based on a DC glow discharge maintained in a plasmaforming gas flow at low pressure is used for deposition of a polymer-like coating. Argon was used as a plasma gas with a flow rate of 230 mg/min. Hexamethyldisiloxane was used as a precursor for deposition. Hexamethyldisiloxane was a molecular impurity in the inert gas flow and its flow rate was 10 mg/min. The purpose of the present work is an experimental study of the mass distribution of deposited organosilicon polymer-like coating on various constituent parts of the plasma chemical system based on glow discharge - on the internal surfaces of the reactor and on the substrate located at a distance of 15 mm from the reactor outlet. The experiment showed that at a discharge power of 30 W the total measured mass of the coating amounted to 33 mg. Thus, the mass conversion of the initial substance was over 33%. It is shown that about 90% of the total measured mass of the coating was deposited inside the plasma chemical reactor - on the inner surface of the hollow cathode and the inner surface of the glass tube, and 10% on the substrate. Thus, the present system can be used not only for remote local deposition but also for coating the inner walls of the tubes with a polymer-like coating. It was also revealed that due to the different conditions of processes in the cathode layers and the plasma of the positive column of the glow discharge, some peculiarities of deposition on different surfaces in the system appear. For example, the microstructure of the coatings obtained on the cathode, on the glass tube and on the substrate was investigated using an optical microscope. In this way it was revealed that the coatings consist of rounded microparticles and have a significant difference - the average size of microparticles on the glass tube and substrate cathode is 2-5 microns, which is an order of magnitude lower than the average size of particles deposited on the cathode.
Relationship between arithmetic, geometric and topological representations of the distribution of chemical element concentrations in living matter
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Otmakhov Vladimir I. , Sarkisov Yury S. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Yanyuk Аlena Е. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: November 2024

This year marks 155 years since the discovery of the periodic law and 190 years since the birth of Dmitri Mendeleev. The regularities of element distribution discovered by him still attract the attention not only of chemists and physicists but also of geologists, biologists, and other specialists in various fields of knowledge. Of special interest are the latest achievements in metamathematical chemistry and physics, because the theory of the so-called figurate number and their relationship with Fibonacci numbers, the golden section, and harmonic numbers develop. In this regard, the theory of Nikolay Kurnakov supplemented by academician Ivan Tananaev, formed into a wellknown methodology called «composition-structure-properties», has found application in various fields of chemistry, physics, and biology, including building materials science. It follows that by determining the composition and structure of matter, one can predict the properties of a material. However, to date, almost no one in the world has paid attention to the possibility of applying the reverse methodology: knowing the properties or set of properties of a given object, one can predict its probable structure of organization, and then the composition of the substance of which this object is composed. It is this trait that figurate numbers possess. These numbers can characterize the object itself according to the set of properties of the object. The Kurnakov–Tananaev theory and the theory of figurate numbers can also be applied to the systematization of living objects. This work is devoted to the representation of chemical element concentrations of living matter objects in the form of figurate numbers.
Electrochemical characteristics of 1,1’-bispyropyrolidinium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide and water
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Novolokov Kirill Yu. , Shelkovnikov Vladimir V. ,   Tomsk State University, Bakibaev Abdigali A. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: November 2024

Were studied some electrochemical properties of 1,1'-bispyropyrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (SBP-BF4) in solutions of acetonitrile, water and DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) in open system. It was found that the electrochemical characteristics of SBP-BF4 solutions in acetonitrile and water differ slightly. In the range from 294 K to 353 K, the electrical conductivity of SBP-BF4 solutions in various solvents increases with increasing temperature. However, the conductivity value of SBP-BF4 in water increases significantly with increasing temperature due the large temperature coefficient. The electrochemical activity of SBP-BF4 in DMSO is significantly lower than in solutions of acetonitrile and water, despite the high dielectric constant and comparable value of the temperature coefficient of electrical conductivity with aqueous solutions. But with increasing temperature, the electrical conductivity increases slightly, because solutions of SBP-BF4 in DMSO have increased viscosity. Solutions of SBP-BF4 in acetonitrile are characterized by the lowest temperature coefficient of electrical conductivity (less than 0.1%), which allows these solutions to be used as an electrolyte over a wide temperature range without significant changes in electrochemical characteristics. The experimentally obtained data made it possible to calculate the mobility of SBP-BF4 at infinite dilution and the activation energy of electrical conductivity in the indicated solvents at various concentrations. With a decrease in the viscosity of solvents, the mobility of ions formed during the dissociation of SBP-BF4 increases, with the exception of aqueous salt solutions, which is associated with the nature of the interaction of the solvent with the salt. The activation energy value changes linearly with increasing concentration in the proposed solvents. It was found that the highest value of activation energy for electrical conductivity was obtained in aqueous solutions of SBP-BF4 at the maximum concentration studied (0.15 mol/l), and the lowest value in solutions of acetonitrile, which corresponds to easier charge transfer and is promising for the use of acetonitrile as solvent when creating supercapacitors.
Chemical composition of waters and sediments small lakes of the Tomsk region
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Korol Irina S. , Chuikina Daria I. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Mukhortina Natalia A. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of RAS
Published: November 2024

The study of the state of freshwater ecosystems has been going on for several decades and has been sanctified in the scientific literature. The development of programs aimed at the protection and control of water quality should include geochemical monitoring of pollutants, assessment of physico-chemical and biochemical processes in natural aquatic ecosystems (both surface waters and bottom sediments). The purpose of this work was to study the chemical composition of surface waters and bottom sediments (UP to) lakes Krugloye and Maltsevo to assess the impact of anthropogenic load on them over a 2-year period. An integrated approach to solving this problem included such methods as extraction, determination of organic and inorganic compounds using high-efficiency liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, electron spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence analysis. It is shown that the bottom sediments of these lakes can be classified as moderately polluted. The total hydrocarbon content varies from 58.14 to 82.2 micrograms/kg. The content of polyaromatic compounds in the studied surface water samples varies from 0.01 to 0.13 ng/l for various compounds, and in bottom sediments from 0.11 to 14.44 ng/g. In a mixture of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aqueous samples, there is an increased content of compounds such as naphthalene, fluorene and phenanthrene, as well as benz[a]anthracene. In general, lighter 2-3 nuclear polyarenes with better solubility predominate in water compared to bottom sediments. The content of inorganic components represented by cations, anions, and heavy metals does not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations. The natural pigments identified in the DO allow us to characterize the hydrobiological condition of the lakes as satisfactory and indicate the normal functioning of algal communities. Studies have shown that the proposed integrated approach is effective for assessing the ecological status of small lakes and can be used as a basis for long-term monitoring studies with a more detailed study of bottom sediments.
Ion exchange in the system: DOWEX 50 sulfocationite, aqueous solution of Cu(NO3)2 and pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Altshuler Heinrich N. , Nekrasov Vladimir N. ,   Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Altshuler Olga H. ,   Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of RAS; Kemerovo State University
Published: November 2024

Coordination compounds of inorganic cations with biologically active substances are of considerable interest due to the fact that they have more pronounced pharmacological properties than free ligands. Immobilization of coordination compounds in ion exchangers facilitates the implementation of specified pharmacokinetics, provides significant prospects in matters of conservation and storage of bioactive substances, and allows for targeted delivery of the active component to the site of the disease. Previously, the ligand sorption of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid from its aqueous solution onto the Dowex-50 cation exchanger in Cu(II) form was studied. The goal of this work is to show the possibility of immobilizing pyridine-2-carboxylic acid and copper(II) in the Dowex-50 sulfonic cation exchanger on a styrene-divinylbenzene matrix, to study the equilibrium distribution of components between Dowex-50 sulfonic cation exchange resin and an aqueous solution containing pyridine-2-carboxylic acid and copper(II) cations. Show the possibility of preliminary calculation of the equilibrium composition of an aqueous solution of a mixture of pyridine-2-carboxylic acid and salt of copper to obtain the counterionic composition of the Dowex-50 sulfonic cation exchanger, which is of interest for optimizing technological processes of encapsulated preparations based on pyridinecarboxylic acids and inorganic cations production. The equilibrium distribution of components between aqueous solutions of pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, copper nitrate and Dowex-50 sulfonic cation exchanger was studied by the dynamic method at a temperature of 298 K. The working pH range of equilibrium solutions was selected in the range 2.0 – 2.5, based on the content of components in the solution and their ability participate in the cation exchange reaction. Based on the results of the study, we came to the conclusion that in multicomponent heterophase systems consisting of Dowex-50 sulfonic cation exchanger and aqueous solutions of pyridine-2-carboxylic acid and copper nitrate, equilibrium reactions of complexation and ion exchange occur. It has been shown that using the selectivity coefficients of binary ion exchanges and the formation constants of [H2L]+, [CuL]+ complexes, it is possible to pre-calculate the equilibrium ionic compositions of the solution and the Dowex-50 sulfonic cation exchanger. Probably, Dowex-50 sulfonic cation exchanger can be proposed as a container of the drugs based on pyridine-2-carboxylic acid and copper(II) cations.
Comparability of riverine microplastic sampling and processing techniques: intercalibration experiment for the Yenisei River
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Frank Yulia A. , Ershova Alexandra A. ,   Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Vorobiev Egor D. ,   Tomsk State University, Vorobiev Danil S. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: November 2024

Current methodologies for microplastic detection in the environment, including surface freshwaters, are imperfect; no standardized methods for sampling and sample preparation are available. The paper discusses the issues of comparability of microplastic surveys conducted by different methods. An intercalibration experiment carried out on the Yenisei River by two research labs – Research Center ‘Microplastic Siberia’, Tomsk State University, and PlasticLab, Russian State Hydrometeorological University – is described in detail, including the laboratory protocols and QA/QC issues. Two different sampling techniques – Manta trawl and filtration pump – showed that the total microplastic content in trawl samples was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than that in pump samples (on average 30-fold lower): 2.04–4.85 and 93.0–107 items/m3, correspondingly. The problem of incomparability of the quantitative estimates obtained by different sampling methods was confirmed, suggesting their complementarity. At the same time, differences in the morphology of the detected particles sampled by different instruments suggest that river surface and subsurface layers transport different microplastics. The study showed that sampling methods but not different laboratory protocols for sample processing are primarily important for the consistency of the results of quantitative analysis of riverine microplastics, which suggests relevance of harmonization of sampling methods.
The Feeling of Respect and Morality for the Finite Rational Being
Authors: Pinzan Stefano
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to show the significance of respect in revealing the normative structure of Kant’s ethics to the agent as a finite rational being. I argue that understanding the moral law as a fact of reason is insufficient for fully recognizing its absolute value and the normative consequences it entails. Indeed, the finiteness of the human agent requires the experience of the feeling of respect, which not only has a motivational role but also an epistemic one. I thus start by clarifying the nature of feeling for Kant in a way that highlights its complex structure. Then, I show how respect – as a particular kind of feeling – gives the agent a deeper understanding of her relationship with the moral law, thereby allowing the unveiling of Kant’s normative theory.
Inclusión Educativa de los Niños, las Niñas y Adolescentes Venezolanos en Colombia
Authors: Restrepo-Pineda Jair Eduardo , Castro-Rodelo Yoahana , Rodríguez-Garzón Sergio Andrés , Aliaga-Sáez Felipe Andrés , Serna-Guzmán Carolina , Ceballos-Ramírez Silvia Liliana
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del artículo es analizar los procesos de inclusión educativa de los niños, las niñas y los adolescentes inmigrantes venezolanos escolarizados en Colombia, para tal fin se desarrolló un estudio de tipo cualitativo, cuyas técnicas de investigación fueron la entrevista semiestructurada y los grupos focales, en total participaron de dichas actividades 106 niños, niñas y adolescentes de entre los 7 y 15 años. Los resultados de la investigación evidencian tres aspectos fundamentales para promover los procesos de inclusión educativa, estos son: las necesidades sociales, las necesidades de aprendizaje y las necesidades emocionales del estudiantado inmigrante en los ámbitos educativos. En conclusión, se puede afirmar que en las instituciones educativas prevalece una perspectiva asimilacionista frente al estudiantado inmigrante de origen venezolano, ya que, se espera que los propios estudiantes extranjeros se adapten a la cultura del país de acogida, además, su presencia cada vez mayor en las aulas, no provoca cambios significativos en los métodos de enseñanza ni en la cultura de las instituciones educativas colombianas.
INTEGRATION OF UKRAINE INTO THE CULTURAL SPACE OF EUROPE IN THE CONTEXT OF FULL-SCALE WAR (CASE STUDY OF POLISH CITIES)
Authors:   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Uman, Ukraine, Fytsyk Larysa , Fytsyk Igor ,   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Uman, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of Ukraine’s integration into the cultural space of Europe in the conditions of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Using the example of the largest Polish cities, it argues that despite the war, Ukraine deepens cultural cooperation with EU countries. The article emphasizes that cooperation between Ukraine and Poland is particularly fruitful and indicative of Ukraine’s successful cultural integration into the EU. Polish cities serve as the main platforms for this process, creating significant opportunities for Ukrainian artists and cultural figures to improve their skills and exchange experience with Polish and foreign colleagues. Special attention is focused on the significant role played by municipalities and non-governmental cultural organizations in Polish cities. These entities, alongside state authorities, contribute significantly to the implementation of creative projects by Ukrainian cultural figures. Their assistance is particularly valuable as it enables Ukrainian artists to showcase their work, attract the attention of the European audience, and raise awareness about the cultural heritage of their war-torn country. It is emphasized that a variety of projects in the fields of visual arts exhibitions, music, theater, and cinema, aimed at presenting Ukrainian culture, have been implemented in Polish cities. This highlights the unwavering solidarity and support of the Polish citizens towards the Ukrainian people. These initiatives have enabled Ukrainian artists to quickly adapt to new realities by integrating cultural, educational, and entertainment components, and also by organizing charitable events, including fundraising and collecting donations for Ukrainian soldiers and providing humanitarian aid to those affected by the war. A conclusion has been drawn that the significance of such cultural and artistic initiatives, occurring within the cultural space of Polish cities amid the full-scale war, is evident. This is because such activities promote Ukrainian culture in the EU, facilitate receiving assistance from international and European institutions. Therefore, further collaboration between our nations and cities in the cultural realm is essential.
Evaluating Whether Indonesia Should Maintain or Revise Its Local Incorporation Requirement for Foreign Investors
Authors: Hawin M , Butt Simon , Setianingrum Reni Budi
Published: November 2024

The article reviews the locally incorporated company requirement for foreign investors in Indonesia. It uses a normative juridical method, focusing on examining positive law through a statute approach. It involves analyzing relevant laws, regulations, cases, and literature and includes interviews with law scholars and an official from Indonesia’s Investment Coordinating Board to gather expert opinions. The data obtained is analyzed using qualitative techniques. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the requirement in international foreign investment law and Indonesia concluding that its advantages outweigh the disadvantages, and some of the disadvantages have been resolved. Hence, the article argues that the requirement remains appropriate for Indonesia and should be maintained. However, certain investment treaties have weakened the requirement as a defense against legal action by locally incorporated companies in international arbitration. To overcome this problem, the country should renegotiate its bilateral investment treaties (BITs) that give the companies direct legal action rights and develop new BITs that contain balanced rights between foreign investors and Indonesia. Additionally, the locally incorporated company requirement should be reinforced by Indonesia’s negative list policy, prioritizing specific sectors for local investors.
Illicit Enrichment in Corruption Eradication in Indonesia: A Future Strategy
Authors: Yusuf M. , Aswanto Aswanto , Sumardi Juajir , Maskun Maskun , Ab Rahman Nurul Hidayat
Published: November 2024

Corruption crimes in Indonesia are on the rise, particularly through illicit enrichment where individuals accumulate wealth outside of legitimate income. Although Indonesia has ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC), the specific issue of illicit enrichment outlined in Article 20 has yet to be implemented in national legislation. This article aims to investigate current and potential future strategies to combat such corruption.  The research is a normative study using a comparative law approach and corpus-based critical analysis to assess Indonesia's anti-corruption efforts, explore the international standards set by illicit enrichment regulations, and draw lessons from the unexplained wealth laws in the United Kingdom and Australia. This research concludes that Indonesia has ratified UNCAC, but illicit enrichment in Article 20 of UNCAC has not been regulated in the law, so the practice of corruption is still so massive. To overcome this, strategic steps are needed in the future, such as revising the corruption law to include illicit enrichment regulations, optimizing institutions through bureaucratic reform, and activating community participation. Therefore, these three steps are very important in implementing the Illicit Enrichment regulation in advancing the corruption eradication agenda in Indonesia in the future.
Monitor de Comercio e Integración 2024: Desafiar la tendencia: El potencial de los servicios basados en conocimiento
Authors: Giordano Paolo , Campos Rosario , Gayá Romina , Michalczewsky Kathia
Published: November 2024

El Monitor de Comercio e Integración 2024 analiza la evolución de América Latina y el Caribe en el nuevo contexto global, comparando la región con el resto del mundo y examinando el desempeño comercial por países y en los principales esquemas de integración. En particular, ofrece un análisis de mediano plazo del comercio de servicios basados en conocimiento y de los determinantes internos y externos de la competitividad en los mercados globales. Esta es la décima segunda edición del informe anual del Sector de Integración y Comercio del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, que estudia la evolución de la inserción de América Latina y el Caribe en el sistema comercial mundial.
Convenio arbitral como excepción al mandamiento de ejecución: ¿gol en contra del legislador?
Authors: Maldonado Garcés Nicolás
Published: November 2024

En la esfera del derecho procesal civil, el proceso de ejecución responde a un derecho que ya se encuentra previamente reconocido en una sentencia o título y, mediante medidas coercitivas, se intenta ejecutar las obligaciones establecidas en el título que contiene el derecho. Dentro de estos procesos, el deudor tiene la manera de oponerse mediante causas taxativas establecidas en la norma adjetiva. Las últimas reformas el Código Orgánico General de Procesos añade como oposición la existencia de convenios arbitrales en determi   nados títulos de ejecución. Sin embargo, esta reforma posee errores conceptuales que, en la práctica, deriva en vulneraciones a la seguridad jurídica y al debido proceso. Si bien la norma permite la inclusión de compromisos arbitrales en caso de disputas, su ejecución es improcedente. El juez natural, al poseer un convenio arbitral, debe inhibirse de conocer la causa. Esto por el principio Kompetenz Kompetenz. Posterior, un árbitro no posee la facultad de ejecución, por lo que es incompetente para conocer la materia. Por lo tanto, se evidencia un error legislativo, conclusión a la que deriva el presente análisis.
triple filiación como una posible implementación en Ecuador para reafirmar derechos humanos
Authors: Peña Farías Alejandra Martina
Published: November 2024

El trabajo exploró la figura de la triple filiación y su relación con los derechos. Esto se realizó en base a un análisis de derecho comparado y de doctrina para analizar los fundamentos de esta figura y su aplicabilidad a distintos casos en relación con el derecho a la identidad, a la protección familiar y al principio de interés superior del niño. El trabajo concluyó que la triple filiación se basa en la voluntad procreacional y busca equiparar la realidad fáctica con la realidad legal, esto impacta de manera positiva la protección de los derechos del niño/a. Se encontró que el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano no brinda igual protección a todas las familias y que la implementación de esta figura equipara los derechos de las parejas que necesitan acudir a métodos de reproducción asistida. El trabajo también exploró las vías internas en el ordenamiento jurídico para lograr esta implementación a futuro.
¿Los cambios en los recursos procesales impugnación en el marco de la reforma a la LC son positivas o excesivamente proteccionistas?
Authors: Aguinaga Trillos Pablo
Published: November 2024

Antes de la reforma del 2023, el derecho de impugnación estaba reconocido por la LC como un derecho fundamental para todos los accionistas, independientemente de su porcentaje de participación en el capital social. Pero, por otro lado, el ejercicio de los recursos procesales de impugnación si dependían del porcentaje de participación que tenía el socio o accionista en el capital social de la compañía. Luego de la reforma a la LC, se eliminó el requisito del porcentaje mínimo de participación en el capital social para ejercer los recursos procesales de impugnación. Este cambio en el régimen de los recursos procesales de impugnación es clave para el futuro, debido a que este cambio es el que puede abrir la posibilidad que ahora exista una excesiva protección a los socios y accionistas minoritarios.