bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morfometri parasitoid nyamuk ganjur alang-alang asal Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Authors: Simamora Kiki Fajrina , Maryana Nina , Hidayat Purnama
Published: June 2022

Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica) merupakan spesies rumput yang menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi. Salah satu serangga yang dilaporkan memiliki potensi sebagai agens pengendali hayati alang-alang adalah nyamuk ganjur alang-alang Orseolia javanica Kieffer & van Leeuwen-Reinjnvaan (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Perkembangan nyamuk ganjur alang-alang dipengaruhi oleh musuh alami, namun informasi terkait musuh alami parasitoid nyamuk ganjur alang-alang belum banyak diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, mendeskripsikan karakter morfologi dan morfometri parasitoid nyamuk ganjur alang-alang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Juli 2018 sampai Juni 2019.  Ganjur alang-alang diambil dari pematang sawah di Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Pemeliharaan ganjur alang-alang dan pengukuran morfometri dilakukan di Laboratorium Biosistematika Serangga, Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Tiga spesies parasitoid ditemukan pada ganjur tumbuhan alang-alang yang terparasit, yaitu Platygaster orseoliae Buhl (Hymenoptera: Platygasteridae), Aprostocetus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), dan Propicroscytus mirificus (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). Hasil Pengukuran morfometri parasitoid ganjur alang-alang menunjukkan ukuran panjang tubuh betina P. orseoliae sebesar 0,65–0,98 mm, dan panjang tubuh jantan adalah 0,69–1,07 mm. Panjang tubuh betina Aprostocetus sp. sebesar 1,51–2,02 mm dan panjang tubuh jantan adalah 1,13–1,29 mm. Panjang tubuh betina P. mirificus adalah 4,14–4,46 mm. Analisis komponen utama (principal component analysis) menunjukkan parasitoid P. orseoliae tidak memiliki perbedaan antara jantan dan betina, Aprotocetus sp. betina memiliki ukuran tubuh lebih besar dibandingkan dengan jantan, dan P. mirificus memiliki ukuran tubuh paling besar dibandingkan dengan parasitoid lainnya.
Preferensi dan pencarian pakan lebah tanpa sengat pada berbagai tipe penggunaan lahan di Pulau Lombok
Authors: Riendriasari Septiantina Dyah , Buchori Damayanti , Hidayat Purnama
Published: June 2022

Ketersediaan pakan yang cukup menjamin keberhasilan usaha budi daya lebah tanpa sengat. Salah satu pakan yang dimanfaatkan oleh lebah tanpa sengat adalah serbuk sari. Serbuk sari merupakan sumber utama protein, vitamin, dan mineral yang dibutuhkan oleh lebah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat preferensi dan pencarian pakan lebah tanpa sengat melalui identifikasi jenis serbuk sari yang ada di dalam stup dan memelajari jarak terbang lebah tanpa sengat dalam mencari pakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di 26 desa di 4 kabupaten di Pulau Lombok dari bulan November 2017 sampai Februari 2018. Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode snowball information hingga mendapatkan 26 pembudidaya dan 1,57% stup diambil sebagai sampel pada 3 tipe penggunaan lahan yang berbeda, yaitu agroekosistem, hutan, dan pemukiman. Sampel serbuk sari diambil secara langsung dan dianalisis dengan metode asetolisis hingga didapatkan preparat kering untuk diidentifikasi di laboratorium. Data potensi pakan diamati secara langsung melalui identifikasi jenis tanaman yang berada pada radius 500 m dari sarang lebah tanpa sengat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebah tanpa sengat memanfaatkan pakan dari tanaman Famili Bromeliaceae dan Cyperaceae pada semua tipe penggunaan lahan. Famili Liliaceae menjadi pakan yang potensial pada agroekosistem, sedangkan Asteraceae menjadi pakan yang potensial di tipe lahan pemukiman dan hutan. Lebah tanpa sengat yang dibudidayakan pada tipe agroekosistem cenderung mencari pakan di sekitar radius 500 meter, pada tipe hutan mencari pakan diluar radius dan pada tipe pemukiman mempunyai kecenderungan 50% mencari pakan di dalam radius. Informasi ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi usaha budi daya lebah tanpa sengat khususnya di Pulau Lombok.
Security guidance for first responder mobile and wearable devices
Authors: Howell Gema , Ledgerwood Scott , Brady Jr. Kevin G , Harriss Donald
Published: June 2022

Public safety officials utilizing the forthcoming public safety broadband networks will have access to devices, such as mobile devices, tablets and wearables. These devices offer new ways for first responders to complete their missions but may also introduce new security vulnerabilities to their work environment. To investigate this impact, the security objectives identified in NIST Interagency Report (NISTIR) 8196, Security Analysis of First Responder Mobile and Wearable Devices, were used to scope the analysis of public safety mobile and wearable devices and the current capabilities that meet those security objectives. The ultimate goal of this effort is to provide guidance that enables jurisdictions to select and purchase secure devices and assist industry to design and build secure devices tailored to the needs of first responders.
Tonic inhibition of the chloride/proton antiporter ClC-7 by PI(3,5)P2 is crucial for lysosomal pH maintenance
Authors: Leray Xavier , Hilton Jacob K , Nwangwu Kamsi , Becerril Alissa , Mikusevic Vedrana , Fitzgerald Gabriel , Amin Anowarul , Weston Mary R , Mindell Joseph A
Published: June 2022

The acidic luminal pH of lysosomes, maintained within a narrow range, is essential for proper degrative function of the organelle and is generated by the action of a V-type H+ ATPase, but other pathways for ion movement are required to dissipate the voltage generated by this process. ClC-7, a Cl-/H+ antiporter responsible for lysosomal Cl- permeability, is a candidate to contribute to the acidification process as part of this ‘counterion pathway’ The signaling lipid PI(3,5)P2 modulates lysosomal dynamics, including by regulating lysosomal ion channels, raising the possibility that it could contribute to lysosomal pH regulation. Here, we demonstrate that depleting PI(3,5)P2 by inhibiting the kinase PIKfyve causes lysosomal hyperacidification, primarily via an effect on ClC-7. We further show that PI(3,5)P2 directly inhibits ClC-7 transport and that this inhibition is eliminated in a disease-causing gain-of-function ClC-7 mutation. Together, these observations suggest an intimate role for ClC-7 in lysosomal pH regulation.
Squamation and scale morphology at the root of jawed vertebrates
Authors: Wang Yajing , Zhu Min
Published: June 2022

Placoderms, as the earliest branching jawed vertebrates, are crucial to understanding how the characters of crown gnathostomes comprising Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes evolved from their stem relatives. Despite the growing knowledge of the anatomy and diversity of placoderms over the past decade, the dermal scales of placoderms are predominantly known from isolated material, either morphologically or histologically, resulting in their squamation being poorly understood. Here we provide a comprehensive description of the squamation and scale morphology of a primitive taxon of Antiarcha (a clade at the root of jawed vertebrates),Parayunnanolepis xitunensis, based on the virtual restoration of an articulated specimen by using X-ray computed tomography. Thirteen morphotypes of scales are classified to exhibit how the morphology changes with their position on the body in primitive antiarchs, based on which nine areas of the post-thoracic body are distinguished to show their scale variations in the dorsal, flank, ventral, and caudal lobe regions. In this study, the histological structure of yunnanolepidoid scales is described for the first time based on disarticulated scales from the type locality and horizon ofP. xitunensis. The results demonstrate that yunnanolepidoid scales are remarkably different from their dermal plates as well as euantiarch scales in lack of a well-developed middle layer. Together, our study reveals that the high regionalization of squamation and the bipartite histological structure of scales might be plesiomorphic for antiarchs, and jawed vertebrates in general.
A longitudinal study of topic classification on Twitter
Authors: Bouadjenek Mohamed Reda , Sanner Scott , Iman Zahra , Xie Lexing , Shi Daniel Xiaoliang
Published: June 2022

Twitter represents a massively distributed information source over topics ranging from social and political events to entertainment and sports news. While recent work has suggested this content can be narrowed down to the personalized interests of individual users by training topic filters using standard classifiers, there remain many open questions about the efficacy of such classification-based filtering approaches. For example, over a year or more after training, how well do such classifiers generalize to future novel topical content, and are such results stable across a range of topics? In addition, how robust is a topic classifier over the time horizon,e.g., can a model trained in 1 year be used for making predictions in the subsequent year? Furthermore, what features, feature classes, and feature attributes are most critical for long-term classifier performance? To answer these questions, we collected acorpusof over 800 million English Tweetsviathe Twitter streaming API during 2013 and 2014 and learned topic classifiers for 10 diverse themes ranging from social issues to celebrity deaths to the “Iran nuclear deal”. The results of this long-term study of topic classifier performance provide a number of important insights, among them that: (i) such classifiers can indeed generalize to novel topical content with high precision over a year or more after training though performance degrades with time, (ii) the classes of hashtags and simple terms contain the most informative feature instances, (iii) removing tweets containing training hashtags from the validation set allows better generalization, and (iv) the simple volume of tweets by a user correlates more with their informativeness than their follower or friend count. In summary, this work provides a long-term study of topic classifiers on Twitter that further justifies classification-based topical filtering approaches while providing detailed insight into the feature properties most critical for topic classifier performance.
Investigating the effects of intermolecular interactions on nonlinear optical properties of binary mixtures with high repetition rate femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Gupta Rahul Kumar , Verma Sachin , Singhal Sumit , Kant Surya , Goswami Debabrata
Published: June 2022

Measurements of nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of different binary mixtures having carbon disulfide (CS2) as the common component, namely CS2-acetone, CS2-cyclopentanone, CS2-toluene, and CS2-carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), are carried out by using the z-scan technique. Open-aperture z-scan (OAZS) and close-aperture z-scan (CAZS) experiments are performed to determine the nonlinear absorption coefficient (β) and nonlinear refractive index (n2) of all binary liquid mixtures at various compositions of the components by employing a pulsed, high repetition rate (HRR) femtosecond laser. Also, we were able to use the flowing liquid to measure NLO properties in the CS2-acetone binary mixture to remove the cumulative thermal effects produced due to the pulsed HRR laser light. Nonlinear refractive index (n2) values are found to be influenced by the weak dipole-induced dipole intermolecular interactions between the nonpolar CS2 and polar acetone as well as cyclopentanone of the respective binary mixtures. On the contrary n2 values are not found to be affected by the intermolecular interactions in CS2-toluene and CS2-CCl4 binary mixtures. In comparison, the nonlinear absorption coefficient (β) values are not found to be affected by the same in all different sets of binary mixtures.
Measuring the developmental function of peer review: a multi-dimensional, cross-disciplinary analysis of peer review reports from 740 academic journals
Authors: Garcia-Costa Daniel , Squazzoni Flaminio , Mehmani Bahar , Grimaldo Francisco
Published: June 2022

Reviewers do not only help editors to screen manuscripts for publication in academic journals; they also serve to increase the rigor and value of manuscripts by constructive feedback. However, measuring this developmental function of peer review is difficult as it requires fine-grained data on reports and journals without any optimal benchmark. To fill this gap, we adapted a recently proposed quality assessment tool and tested it on a sample of 1.3 million reports submitted to 740 Elsevier journals in 2018–2020. Results showed that the developmental standards of peer review are shared across areas of research, yet with remarkable differences. Reports submitted to social science and economics journals show the highest developmental standards. Reports from junior reviewers, women and reviewers from Western Europe are generally more developmental than those from senior, men and reviewers working in academic institutions outside Western regions. Our findings suggest that increasing the standards of peer review at journals requires effort to assess interventions and measure practices with context-specific and multi-dimensional frameworks.
Determinants of Non Communicable Diseases: A Mixed-method Study on Its Prevalence and Perceptions among Rural Population of Muchisa, West Bengal
Authors: Dutta Sinjita , Mishra Ankita , Basu Mausumi , Mukherjee Meghna
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Most people with Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are unaware of the problem because it usually does not have any signs or symptoms in the initial stages. The measures for prevention of NCDs are not well known to the rural population which results in a huge burden on the health system. Aim: To estimate the burden of NCDs, and its risk factors among the rural population residing in a village of Budge Budge II block, West Bengal. Also to explore their perceptions regarding determinants, complications and prevention of NCDs, and to look for the association of NCDs with the risk factors and sociodemographic characteristics. Materials and Methods: An observational study, with crosssectional design using mixed methods approach, was conducted on 160 residents of Muchisa, from December 2020 to March 2021. A predesigned, pretested and structured schedule, prepared on the basis of World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS framework, was used to assess the presence NCD and associated risk factors in the study population. Focused group discussion guide was employed to inquire about their perceptions. The participants were selected through cluster random sampling. The data were explored using Pearson’s Chi-square test, logistic regression and thematic analysis. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean age of the participants was 45.0±16.8 years, and 69.4% participants were females. Total 75% of the participants suffered from at least one NCD. All the participants had at least one risk factor for NCD. Age group of 40-59 years (p-value <0.001) and 60 years or above (p-value=0.002), female gender (p-valu=0.009), and preschool education or below (p-value=0.006) were associated with a higher risk of NCD. Qualitative data analysis revealed that lifestyle modification was not perceived to be effective against NCDs. Conclusion: Socio-demographic factors, like age, gender and education have a bearing on the risk of developing NCD. Lack of awareness about the prevention of NCDs is the challenge in addressing the problem.
Knowledge and Practice of Hepatitis B and C Prevention among Seropositive and Seronegative Prospective Blood Donors in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Nwangwu Chukwuemeka , Osiri Nnennaya Susan , Onwubu Chidiebere Promise , Amadi Emmanuel Chike , Ijeoma Imanyikwa Olaedo
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Hepatitis B and C infections are endemic in Nigeria and the major causes of chronic liver diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma. One of the major routes of transmission is by transfusion of infected blood or blood products. Awareness of the disease is important, and this study seeks to compare the knowledge and practice of the disease among the seropositive and seronegative prospective blood donors. Aim: To assess the difference in the level of knowledge and preventive practice of blood borne hepatitis among hepatitis B and hepatitis C seropositive and seronegative prospective blood donors. Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive survey carried out between June 2019 to January 2020 in the Blood Donor’s Department of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria. A pretested self/interviewer’s administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and practice among 100 hepatitis B and hepatitis C seropositive and 305 seronegative prospective blood donors. The hepatitis B and C seropositive subjects were screened using Enzyme Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. The findings and scores were analysed using IBM Corporation 2019 Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21.0. Results: Total of 305 respondents were seronegative while 82 and 18 were hepatitis B and C seropositive, respectively. The mean age of the study participants was 27.78±7.17 years, whereas it was 28.09±6.36 years and 27.46±7.968 years among seropositive and seronegative respondents, respectively. In the study, 98 (98%) males and 2 (2%) females were in the seropositive group while, 268 (87.9%) males and 37 (12.1%) females were in seronegative group. The overall knowledge score and practice score were 56.3% and 28.1%, respectively. In the seropositive group, the average knowledge score was 27.3% and the average practice score was 17%. While in the seronegative group, the average knowledge score was 65.7% and the average score on practice score was 31.8%. There was a significant association between seropositive and being a male (p-value=0.001), less educated (p-value=0.002), currently unmarried (p-value=0.029), knowledge above average (p-value=0.001), and practice below average (p=0.002). None of the respondents had hepatitis B vaccination. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained from the present study, it is evident that the level of knowledge and practice among the seropositive respondent is significantly low when compared with the seronegative groups. There is a need for a serious awareness campaign on the transmission and prevention of hepatitis B and C, and the possibility of extending hepatitis B immunisation coverage in the country owing to the increasing burden of the disease.
Evaluation of Immature Platelet Fraction in Patients with Fever and Thrombocytopenia and its Clinical Utility
Authors: Lavanya Narasingamoorthy , Jayanthi Bharathi Vidhya
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is very common in dengue and other haematological disorders and the aetiology is multifactorial. Immature Platelet Fraction (IPF) is a novel parameter which is a measure of reticulated platelets and it reflects the rate of regeneration of platelets. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between the IPF and platelet recovery and the consistency of its expression. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective observational study done at Institute of Pathology, Madras Medical College between November 2018 to December 2018. Total 37 patients having fever with thrombocytopenia in dengue and other haematological causes were included for analysis. The platelet count, IPF, Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) and Plateletcrit (PCT) was evaluated at the time of admission and once in every 24 hours and plotted in excel spread sheet. Results: About 86.4% were recovered in 24 hours after attaining the peak, 89.1% showed recovery in 24-48 hours of the rise of the IPF compared to the previous value and 94.5% recovered within 24 hours after the fall in the IPF value. It was observed that 81.8% were recovered when the IPF value ≥10% within 24- 48 hours. IPF readings are able to appreciate even in low platelet count levels but the other platelet recovery parameters did not. Conclusion: IPF is a consistent and reliable marker which can be measured even when the platelet count is low and it also predicts the platelets recovery. It is a promising marker that helps in guiding the decision towards platelet transfusion.
Adrenal Myelolipomas: An Interesting Case Series of the Silent Tumours with a Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Rastogi Ruchi , Kalita Dipti , Rastogi Priyank , Bhatnagar Gunmala
Published: June 2022

Adrenal myelolipomas are a variety of rare and endocrinologically non functional benign neoplasms of the adrenal gland. They are usually composed of haematopoietic elements with interspersed areas of fatty tissue, thus, resembling bone marrow tissue. These tumours are usually detected as an incidentaloma during routine scans on suspicion of other diagnoses and are mostly silent clinically. They have always been a subject of diagnostic dilemmas for the clinicians, as they are usually asymptomatic and benign, but are often operated upon in situations where a malignancy cannot be excluded. Differential diagnosis for these tumours include adrenal adenoma, adrenal carcinoma, retroperitoneal liposarcoma and renal angiomyolipomas. A careful histopathological examination usually settles the diagnosis. Usually, the tumours are unilateral with right sided preponderance and are small in size. Here, the authors report three interesting cases, including two females and one male, of adrenal myelolipomas with varied presentations with two cases presenting with large size tumours and in one case the adrenal tumour was located on left side.
Tumour Associated Tissue Eosinophilia in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Special Histochemical Analysis of Tissue Eosinophilia using Congo Red Staining
Authors: Sujatha R , Shafiuddin Rufaida , Kulkarni Mangal V , Manjunatha YA
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Tumour Associated Tissue Eosinophilia (TATE) is an important phenomenon occurring in the tumour microenvironment and has a pivotal role. TATE is defined as “eosinophilic stromal infiltration of a tumour not associated with tumour necrosis or ulceration”. The exact role of TATE in malignancies is yet unclear but studies have shown that TATE usually has a favourable outcome in head and neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC). Therefore, more studies are needed to substantiate this data. Aim: To compare TATE between normal epithelium and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and compare TATE between the histological grades of OSCC. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Dr. BR Ambedkar Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, from June 2019-January 2021 which included 50 cases, 10 from normal mucosa and 40 histopathologically diagnosed cases of OSCC. 1% congo red solution was used to stain 4 μm thick sections. The sections were examined at a high magnification (40X) and 10 microscopic fields were examined in succession for eosinophils. The average number of eosinophils observed were compared using univariate analysis, which included the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and the Chi- square test and a p-value of 0.001 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean value of tissue eosinophils increased in OSCC compared to normal mucosa, according to present study findings. When comparing different grades of carcinoma, statistical analysis revealed that well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma had a greater TATE than other grades, which was statistically significant (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: The higher eosinophil count in well differentiated OSCC compared to the other grades could be associated with a better clinical outcome for the patient. In OSCC, TATE can be utilised as a predictor of a good prognosis.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO COMPARE THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF FORMALDEHYDE FUMIGATION WITH THAT OF SURAKSHA DHUPA ON AIRBORNE MICROBES IN DISSECTION HALL
Authors: Mazarbhuiya Arifa Yeasmin , Bharadwaj Anjali , BV Priyanka , Goud Kiran M.
Published: June 2022

Every host does not have an optimum level of immunity to defend himself against the disease-causing pathogens. Hence, the concept of fumigation or sterilization is very much important. Modern methods generally used for sterilization are using chemicals like Formalin solution, Potassium Permanganate, Hydrogen peroxide, silver nitrate, etc. Even though they have an excellent success rate, some side effects of using them include eye irritation, nasal irritation, headache, respiratory damage, unpleasant neurological signs, carcinogenic nature, etc. It is also expensive. This scenario demands an Ayurveda procedure that is cost-effective, safe and convenient to use like Dhupana Karma. Reducing the microbial load to a non-pathogenic level is the purpose of Ayurveda techniques like Dhupana, Homa, Havana, etc. Considering all these, in the present study, an attempt is made to estimate the anti-microbial effect of “Suraksha Dhupa” compared to Formaldehyde fumigation in Dissection Hall. Fumigation is done with Suraksha dhupa and formalin, keeping one week between the procedures. The efficacy is checked by counting the number of CFU, and the results are compared. After fumigation with Suraksha Dhupa and formaldehyde, a decrease in the colony is observed, which is statistically insignificant (p >0.05). However, slightly more reduction in the colony is observed in the formaldehyde group, which is statistically insignificant.
AN ASSESSMENT OF PREVALENCE AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN KAALANJAGA VAATHAM (PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS) PATIENTS AFTER TAKING SIDDHA TREATMENT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Siva A. , Vetha Merlin Kumari H. , Sofia H. Nalini , Lakshmikantham T. , Meenakumari R.
Published: June 2022

Background: Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic multi-organ inflammatory disease which impacts both physically and psychologically. The symptoms of Kaalanjaga vaatham mentioned in Siddha text Yugi vaithiya chinthamani are closely related to Psoriatic arthritis. In Ayothidoss Pandithar Hospital, National Institute of Siddha, kaalanjagapadai is one of the most commonly reported diseases. Psoriatic arthritis patients have impaired health-related –the quality of life. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Kaalanjaga vaatham and quality of life in Kaalanjaga vaatham patients before and after taking Siddha medicines. Aim & Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of Kaalanjaga vaatham in patients with Kaalanjagapadai; To evaluate the nature of quality of life in patients with Kaalanjaga vaatham before and after taking Siddha medicines. Materials and Methods: In this study, about 100 patients with Kalanjagapadai were studied to assess the prevalence of Kaalanjaga vaatham. According to the ClASsification for Psoriatic ARthritis (CASPAR) criteria, the quality of life in Kaalanjaga vaatham patients were evaluated using the Psoriatic Arthritis Quality of Life (PsAQoL) questionnaire. Results: In the entire study population of patients with psoriasis, the total prevalence of Psoriatic arthritis was 13% (n/N = 13/100), with 69% (9/13) of Psoriatic arthritis cases were diagnosed as new cases, and the quality of life in Kaalanjaga vaatham patients were moderately improved with 52% after Siddha treatment. Conclusion: After taking Siddha medicines, the Psoriatic arthritis patients' quality of life improved significantly. Thus, early diagnosis and intervention play an essential role in enhancing the Quality of Life of Psoriatic arthritis patients.
A STUDY ON THE MANAGEMENT OF ANAEMIA IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Ratnani Akash Prakash , L Mahadevamma , Chowdhury Sayanka , Ghayedi Khojasteh
Published: June 2022

Anaemia is a common complication for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and is associated with cardiovascular comorbidities and reduced Quality of Life. Susceptibility may change depending upon the stage of chronic kidney disease, age, and social habits. A Prospective and Observational study was designed to assess the demographics of patients and variables in Anaemia along with the management of Anaemia in Chronic Kidney Disease. The suspected patient’s blood samples were tested for their Haemoglobin, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, and Packed Cell Volume analysed. Among 115 patients, 79 were males, and 36 were females. 58 patients (50.43%) were identified in the age group >60 years due to diabetes, hypertension and other comorbidities. The patients were given Epoetin Alpha (9.6%) and Iron Sucrose (2.3%) along with Ferrous ascorbate and folic acid (2.7%). In 113 patients (98.3%) and 109 patients (94.78%), the Haemoglobin and Packed Cell Volume were increased due to reduced immune response, comorbidity and severity of Chronic Kidney Disease. Non-pharmacotherapy was provided, and the most common was exercise, meditation (25%), Iron-rich food (2.17%) and a renal low salt diet (1.73%). Follow-up was conducted to check the improvement and found that 95.6% of patients recovered.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF YASHTIMADHU (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA) IN AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACT
Authors: S Revathi , K Madhavan , R Naresh , S Priyanka , S Ramyadevi , B Selvam , R Manivannan
Published: June 2022

The study aims to analyse the physicochemical and phytochemical characteristics of Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra) in aqueous and ethanolic extracts and determine the ash value and extractive value of the drug. Using Soxhlet equipment, the extract was prepared from powdered Yashtimadhu drugs for 20 hours using water and ethanol as solvents. The analysis of physicochemical properties of Yashtimadhu extracts includes ash value and extractive value etc. The study of phytochemical screening of Yashtimadhu includes tests for carbohydrates, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, etc. The percentage yield of ethanol extract is found to be 9.73%. The physicochemical parameters of the aqueous solution and ethanol were analysed and found within limits. The ethanolic extract of Yashtimadhu showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, carbohydrates, glycosides and phytosterol. The amounts of total flavonoids, phenol and ascorbic acid were 185.14 mg, 481.47 mg per 1 gm, and 33.81 µg/ml of aqueous extract 218.92 mg, 507.62 mg per 1 gm, and 42.38 µg/ml of the ethanol extract, respectively. It was found that the phytochemical constituents are very much enriched in the Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract and can be used for the development of new formulations.
A CLASSICAL APPROACH TO ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY THROUGH AYURVEDA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PRAKRITI VIGHATA CHIKITSA
Authors: Kushwaha Atal Singh , G.S Athira , Keshwani Lajwanti , Jain Salil
Published: June 2022

Ayurveda has its aim priorly in preventing disease rather than treating it. But there are some exclusive concepts mentioned in classics that can be very useful in treating today’s infections and limiting the severe side effects resulting from higher antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance and its misuse is the biggest concern of today’s scenario. Especially during covid and after that, people are taking antibiotics as per their own will and without a physician's suggestion, resulting in severe acute and long-term ill effects with its resistance in humans. Hence to overcome and limit the drastic unhealthy impact of antibiotic therapy, there is an extreme need to explore some classical concepts from Ayurveda in correspondence with today’s antibiotic treatment. Prakriti vighata chikitsa of vimana sthan can play an essential role in it, and this paper will work in this regard. The modes of action of antibiotics are either to kill the microbes or make them inactive by destroying their favourable environment. Prakriti vighata chikitsa is also the destruction of the normal Prakriti (favourable environment) of the krimi.
IN VIVO PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF UPAVISHA SNUHI (EUPHORBIA NERIIFOLIA LINN.): A REVIEW
Authors: Wadhai Sayli W. , Nikam Ashwin V. , Pawade Uday V. , Anjankar Meghsham P.
Published: June 2022

The present article is intended to update the information on In Vivo studies of pharmacological activities of Snuhi (Euphorbia neriifolia Linn.). Snuhi botanically identified as Euphorbia neriifolia Linn. belonging to family Euphorbiaceae is a well-known medicinal plant, envisages to possess numerous medicinal properties. One among the Upavisha, Snuhi, has been attributed with several synonyms depicting its morphological identifying characters and pharmacological activities. Snuhi contains mainly Laghu and Tikshna guna. It is indicated in 25 clinical conditions like Gulma, Udara, Shotha, Vranashotha, Plihavikara, Dushivisha etc. Snuhi has various pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, antioxidant, wound healing, immunomodulatory, and anticancer etc., Various In Vivo and In Vitro studies have been studied on Snuhi for pharmacological activities. But no independent and concise data is available for In Vivo studies of Snuhi. Hence, the present review attempts to encompass the up-to-date comprehensive published In Vivo studies on Snuhi with reference to its various pharmacological activities that will be helpful for further clinical research.
EFFECT OF KUSHTHADI GHRITA IN ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS: A REVIEW
Authors: Sinha Nitu , Ojha Nisha Kumari
Published: June 2022

Adolescence is the transitional phase for mental health promotion since more than half of mental health problems begin during this time, and many of them remain into adulthood. These conditions account for 10-20% of the global disease burden. This impacts the individual's likelihood of having an intellectual disability. According to Ayurveda, acharya Kashyap describes a Kushthadi ghrita prepared with Kushtha (Saussurea lappa), leaf-buds of Vata (Ficus benghalensis), Gauri (yellow mustard) (Sinapis alba), Pippali (Piper longum), Triphala [Haritaki (Terminalia chebula), Amalaki (Phyllanthus emblica), Bibhitaki (Terminalia bellirica)] Vacha (Acorus calamus), and rock-salt which is one of the best drugs for improving mental functions (Nootropic activity). The present paper reviews the indications and uses of Kushthadi ghrita described in Ayurveda texts. Studies published in various journals regarding the evidence of its ingredient effect are also examined. This Kushthadi ghrita drug acts as a Medhya drug and Rasayana, which is beneficial for improving mental functions. Medhya drugs ultimately increase the overall cognitive capacity of the brain, i.e., by increasing perfusion and metabolism and improving the chemical imbalance in the brain. Rasayana drugs supposed to increase all the sharira dhatu. The ingredients of these drugs have Antioxidant, Anxiolytic, Antistress activity, antidepressant, Neuroprotective, and Anti-amnestic Properties, which are supportive for improving mental functions (Nootropic activity).
Management of Bosworth Fracture: Case Report
Authors: Onuoha K. M. , Obong U. I. , Oyewumi O. M. , Owolabi I. J.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Bosworth fracture is an uncommon fracture that involves the distal fibula associated with a dislocation of the proximal fibula fragment being posterior to the tubercle of the tibia distally. As the proximal fibula fragment becomes entrapped behind the Tibia it subsequently makes it irreducible which then necessitates the correction of this fracture surgically. Making an initial diagnosis of this fracture is quite difficult as it is rare and few data in our setting have been recorded with only a handful of documented cases worldwide. Although attempts have been made to reduce this fracture with closed reduction, the outcomes are generally unfavourable and counterproductive. Bosworth fracture is well documented in medical literature but often not easily picked at presentation.

Case Presentation: This case report evaluates a 19 year old female student who presented with a 2 hours history of pain and deformity to her right ankle after she had accidentally externally rotated her ankle with the foot in a prone position while running down the stairs. Examination revealed a deformed and swollen right ankle joint, overlying skin was intact, tender limitation of joint movement. She had a failed closed reduction and was subsequently counselled for open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws.
Development of Taro-based Products in the Dewi Catur Women's Farmer's Group, Catur Village Kintamani Bali
Authors: Suriati Luh , Datrini Luh Kade , Rudianta I. Nyoman
Published: June 2022

The taro processing is currently growing, producing a variety of products. Empowerment of rural communities to improve knowledge, skills and behavior requires a mentoring program. Catur village is close to Kintamani tourism object. Located 57.8 km from the provincial of Bali, the main livelihood of the Catur community is farming. Taro products that are in great demand. In addition to the nutritional content, the raw materials are also easy to obtain and the price is affordable. This service activity was carried out in the Dewi Catur women farmer group in Catur Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia. Taro products have been produced and marketed but are not yet intensive. The solution provides appropriate technology in processing taro products; provide knowledge of good processing methods, sanitation, product packaging, marketing, entrepreneurship and provide equipment assistance. The method used is active community participation and exploratory. The conclusion that can be drawn from this activity is that community service activities have been running smoothly. The group has mastered the technology for making bread, jam, nuggets and taro noodles up to 85%. It is necessary to provide further assistance to the group, the quality of taro product have a longer shelf life.
Phenolphthalein Indicator in Titrimetric Estimation of Benzoic Acid Solubility and Distribution in Water and Benzene-Buffer Solutions
Authors: Mishra Shiv Prakash
Published: June 2022

In solubility and partitioning process of benzoic acid, the various factors are involved such as temperature, solute-solvent interaction and dissociation of acid into ionic state in taking solvents. Here, we reported the benzoic acid (solute) solubility in gram/100gram of solvent in different pH benzene-buffer solutions which are analyzed by using of titration method and partition study of these acid into solvents like water and benzene layer by shake-flask acid-base titration method, at room temperature (25°C) for 24 hours. In titrimetric estimation the solute benzoic acid solubility and their partition in between of water and in different pH buffer solutions as in medium of acidic, neutral and basic, a phenolphthalein indicator have been used well. The solvents and benzene-buffer solutions having different pH 4.0, 7.0 and 9.0 is titrated against as 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1N NaOH solutions by using phenolphthalein as indicator, where the end point show a pink color for each reading. Concentration of benzoic acid into water and solvent benzene layers is being calculated as by applying the equation of normality determination and distribution coefficient as from Nernst distribution law equation.
Hidden Markov Model of Disease Progression and Control with Reference to COVID-19 Spread
Authors: Rao Tirupathi , Kanimozhi V. , Sakkeel P. T.
Published: June 2022

Disease progression studies through stochastic modeling are the most effective approaches as different processes involved in the disease acquisition, growth, spread, and control are random. This study develops a stochastic model for studying the disease spread using Markov Processes (MP) and Hidden Markov Models (HMM). This study considered two states of illness under the categories of hidden and visible. Further hidden states, as well as visible states, are classiffed into two groups each. This study attempted to relate the spread of disease in Tamil Nadu and Puducherry and its neighboring states. Increment/Decrement in daily positive cases of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry in uence the Increment/ Decrement in neighboring states' daily positive cases, assuming there are regular transitions of patients from one place to another. This study develops HMM for transitions among different states (Increment/Decrement) for understanding the dynamics of positivity for two consecutive days and three days. Probability distributions of the prevalence of positivity are derived from the developed transition probability matrices. The study further derived different statistical measures mathematical/ functional relations through the parameters under consideration. This study will help to measure the severity of the disease spread. The development of an interactive user interface for healthcare management will be the scope of this study.
Production of Irrigated Rice in the Second Stage of the River Formoso Project in the Brazilian Savanna Region
Authors: Ribeiro Evandro Alves , Cardeal Indira Rayane Pires , Barros Daniella Inácio , Oliveira Liomar Borges de , Quirino Mariana Senna , Nunes Helber Veras , Vale Kaio Cesar Lima , Damascena Jossimara Ferreira , Oliveira Pedro Luid de Sousa , Lopes Wanessa Pereira , Moreno Werson Veloso , Batista Matheus Victor Pereira , Souza Welbson Santos Maciel
Published: June 2022

The information survey was carried out in the second stage of the Formoso River Project in Formoso do Araguaia - TO, in the COPERJAVA area - Mixed Cooperative Rural Valley of Javaés Ltda, located in the Brazilian savanna region. During the research period, some practices related to the production of irrigated rice were monitored, such as straw burning, soil preparation, sowing, nitrogen fertilization cover, and phytosanitary treatments to control weeds, insect pests, and diseases. Monitoring was made in the cultivated areas to observe the development of irrigated rice, and to regulate the height of the water depth in the plots and its uniformities of the water depth. Activities were developed to regulate equipment and facilities involved in rice production. These provided an increase in the knowledge acquired about the irrigated rice crop, emphasizing the need and importance of the association between the theoretical basis acquired during the course and the practice in the field.
Community Survey on Wearing Mask to Prevent COVID-19, Bangladesh, 2021
Authors: Chowdhury Nisharga Meraj , Farrque Mirza Mohammad Omer , Hassin Chowdhury Nourin , Henderson Alden
Published: June 2022

Aims: To understand the mask wearing behavior of people, to identify why people do not wear masks, what obstacles are present, and what suggestions people have to increase mask wearing.

Study Design:  It was a cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: In the outpatient department of the government hospital, community clinics and expanded program for immunization centers in Sub district area Monohargonj Upazila (Sub district), Bangladesh from 21st November to 20th December 2020.

Methodology: Mask wearing was categorized as always wear mask in outside or not, reasons for not wearing mask, perception on prevention of COVID-19 and suggested punishment for not wearing mask. The researchers recruited people from 18 years and over from the Government Hospital, community clinics, and Expanded Immunization Program (EPI) centers in Monoharganj Upazila, Cumilla District, Bangladesh. The sample size of 384 assumed 50% mask wearing. However, 401 persons were participated in this study. A questionnaire was prepared in local language. Data were collected through face-to-face interview after obtaining verbal informed consent. Interviewers were doctors, nurses, health assistants and community health care     providers.

Results: Of the 401 survey participants, 51% of the males always wear mask. Mask wearing was highest among in-service holders (68%), Hindus (67%) and students (61%) and increased with educational level and income. While 73% said a mask can prevent COVID-19 only 48% wore a mask. Of the people who don’t wear masks, 39% said it was uncomfortable, 5% felt it did not prevent COVID-19, and 8% thought it did not look nice. Most participants agreed to fine or jail people who don’t wear masks.

Conclusion: Wearing masks is a reasonable and economical intervention to prevent COVID-19 transmission. In Bangladesh, many people don’t wear masks because its uncomfortable, unattractive, and not protective. The government should encourage people to wear masks and enforce the infection prevention law on wearing masks.
An Enhanced Intelligent Facts Device for Reduction of Losses on Power Lines
Authors: Anyanor K. I. , Efoke M. U. , Iloh J. P. I.
Published: June 2022

In this research, an enhanced intelligent FACTS device for reduction of losses on power lines using intelligent Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) devices for Nigerian 330kv network has been presented. The findings showed total real power losses of 127.9131MW before network compensation, with transmission lines accounting for 125.7MW and producing stations accounting for 2.2131MW. After compensation using Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC), the total Real power losses were reduces to 104.53MW, while the total Reactive losses (MVar) reduced to 26.87MVar. The research concludes that the injection of reactive power by Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) devices compensates for the drop in voltage, leading to improvement in voltage and reduces power losses for the network.
Study of Rare Hyperpigmented Lesions of the Skin in a Tertiary Care Centre in Western Maharashtra
Authors: Viswanathan Vidya , Patil Ume Sumayya , Dharwadkar Arpana , Vimal Shruti , Bhandari Parul , Rajabhau Padmakar
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Hyperpigmented lesions are a common presentation in the dermatology outpatient department and causes significant burden on the dermatologist. Though they are harmless and asymptomatic in most cases they are a cause for concern because it can lead to cosmetic deformity which can cause psychological upset in the patients. Rare lesions are often misdiagnosed clinically because of overlapping clinical features. The aim of this study was to diagnose rare hyperpigmented lesions with the help of skin biopsies and correlate he findings clinically.

Methods: All skin biopsies coming to the department of Pathology were processed and stained by routine H&E stain. Special stains were applied whenever required (Ziehl-Nelson, periodic acid Schiff, Congo red).

Results: 56 cases were studied of which 27 rare lesions were diagnosed. All the cases were subjected to analysis according to age, sex, site of lesion, duration of lesion and clinicopathological correlation. 75% of the cases showed histopathological correlation in our study. 25% of the cases did not show concordance.

Conclusion: Hence to conclude histopathological examination of skin biopsies forms the gold standard for the diagnosis of hyperpigmented skin lesions more so in the case of rare lesions as most of them have overlapping clinical features which can be mistaken for common lesions.