bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEBIJAKAN PERTANAHAN PEMERINTAH KOLONIAL HINDIA-BELANDA DI BALI
Authors: Sumakto Yogi
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study examines the process (dynamics) of the development of policies on land tenure during the Dutch colonial period in Bali. The study aims to examine policies on land in the agricultural sector, particularly in relation to the social economic impacts of the colonial administrationâ€™s land tenure policies in Balinese villages. Peasants as direct producers who are at the very bottom of a larger social-economic structure find themselves bearing the heaviest impact, while farmers or the elite group of non-producer instead reaps up benefits from a wide variety of mechanisms implemented to withdraw surpluses from peasants.Keywords: peasant, policy, land tenure, Dutch colonial governmentAbstrakTulisan ini mempelajari proses (dinamika) perkembangan kebijakan pengaturan penguasaan tanah pada masa pemerintahan kolonial Hindia-Belanda di Bali. Dalam kajian ini hendak disoroti bagaimanakah kebijakan pertanahan di bidang agraris; khususnya berkenaan dengan implikasi sosial-ekonomi dari kebijakan penguasaan tanah pemerintah kolonial tersebut di pedesaan di Bali. Kaum petani sebagai produsen langsung berada pada bagian terbawah dari struktur sosial-ekonomi yang lebih besar selalu memikul beban yang berat sementara itu petani bukan-produsen atau golongan elit bukan-produsen lainnya selalu memperoleh keuntungan-keuntungan dari berbagai mekanisme penarikan surplus petani.Kata kunci: petani, kebijakan, penguasaan tanah, pemerintah kolonial hindia-belanda
KLAUSULA TIPPING FEE DALAM KONTRAK KERJASAMA PEMERINTAH DENGAN SWASTA (PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP) PENGELOLAAN PERSAMPAHAN
Authors: Kurniawan Faizal , Setyobudi Shintarini Kristine
Published: December 2023

AbstractGovernment is obligated to provide sound public services, including waste management service. Up to now, private companies are still needed to assure innovative, efficient, and environmentally-oriented waste management service. The involvement of private sector in this Public-Private Partnership to provide such public service should be put in a legal contract, which is distinctive in nature and which is commonly known as a non-provisional government contract. The model of such contracts varies depending on the catered sector.This paper discusses the principles of non-provisional contracts which serve as a legal umbrella for Public-Private Partnership, focusing particularly on the main clauses related to â€žtipping feeâ€Ÿ or â€žgate feeâ€Ÿ in waste management partnership. These clauses set rules of fees paid by the government to investors for the service given.Keywords: government contract, Public-Private PartnershipAbstrakPemerintah mempunyai kewajiban untuk menyediakan pelayanan publik yang layak dan memadai dalam penyediaan infrastruktur termasuk pengelolaan sampah. Saat ini, peran swasta diperlukan dalam upaya terciptanya pelayanan publik yang inovatif, efisien dan berwawasan lingkungan seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi yang sangat pesat. Instrumen hukum yang diperlukan dalam mengakomodir model-model kerjasama pemerintah dengan swasta (Public-Private Partnership) dituangkan dalam suatu kontrak. Kontrak yang dibuat oleh pemerintah dan swasta mempunyai karakteristik yang unik (hybrid) yang lazim disebut dengan kontrak pemerintah (Government Contract) non pengadaan. Model kontrak kerjasama antara pemerintah dengan swasta juga mempunyai karakteristik khusus sesuai dengan bidang kerjasama.Tulisan ini akan membahas mengenai prinsip-prinsip kontrak non pengadaan sebagai konsep dasar kerjasama pemerintah dan swasta. Selanjutnya, pembahasan akan difokuskan pada klausula pokok dalam model kerjasama pemerintah dan swasta (Public-Private Partnerships) pengelolaan persampahan yang disebut dengan Tipping Fee/Gate Fee. Klausula ini merupakan biaya yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah kepada pihak investor sebagai imbalan jasa atas pengelolaansampah.Kata kunci: Kontrak Pemerintah, Public-Private Partnership, Tipping Fee.
JURISDIKSI NEGARA DALAM KEJAHATAN TERORISME
Authors: Fitriliani Yulia
Published: December 2023

AbstractAt present, it is most likely that any type of crimes involves jurisdictions of more than one or two states, instead of just one. In practice, this has sparked jurisdictional conflicts which irk international relations. Terrorism is one example of cross-jurisdictional crime since its impacts afflict more than one country and its facilities and methods are beyond one stateâ€Ÿs territory.Keywords: Terrorism, State JurisdictionAbstrakDewasa ini, hampir dapat dipastikan bahwa semua jenis kejahatan tidak lagi dapat hanya dipandang sebagai jurisdiksi satu negara, tetapi sering diklaim termasuk jurisdiksi lebih dari satu atau dua negara. Dalam perkembangannya, hal ini telah menimbulkan masalah konflik jurisdiksi yang sangat mengganggu hubungan internasional antar negara yang berkepentingan di dalam kasus kejahatan tertentu yang bersifat lintas batas teritorial. Kejahatan terorisme merupakan salah satu contoh kejahatan yang bersifat lintas batas teritorial karena tindakannya memiliki dampak terhadap lebih dari satu negara dan sarana dan prasarana serta metoda-metoda yang dipergunakan melampui batas-batas teritorial suatu negara.Kata kunci: Terorisme, yurisdiksi negara
KAJIAN PRAKTEK PERDAGANGAN ORANG DI INDONESIA
Authors: Makhfudz M.
Published: December 2023

AbstractInitially, human trafficking was solely assumed to be the excess of economic pressure. Such an issue has been getting more complicated due to the governmentâ€™s failure in improving the economic sector. At present, human trafficking has transformed in such a way that it, with the help of illicit syndicates, emerges as a lucrative industry. This paper offers formulations to cope with and eradicate any forms of human trafficking which rampantly victimizes Indonesian locals.Keywords: human trafficking, economic development, citizensAbstrakPertama tindak pidana penjualan orang disebabkan karena faktor tekanan ekonomi di Tanah Air,tapi kemudian lama kelamaan bekembang karena sulit mencari lapangan kerja.Kesulitan membuka lapangan kerja itu juga didukung oleh program Pemerintah yg mengalami kegagalan dalam melakukan pembangunan karena tidak di minati oleh Investor Asing karena problema internal negara yaitu banyaknya Pungli (pungutan liar) situasi dan kondisi negara yang tidak stabil baik dari kondisi ekonomi negara maupun keamanan..Kemudian tambah berkembang lagi karena dukungan terbentuknya kelompok sindikat di luar negeri,sehingga mendorong perbuatan Pidana Penjualan Orang menjadi sebuah industri.Perkembangan Perbuatan Pidana Penjualan orang timbul berbagai macam seperti kita lihat dilapangan yaitu Praktek Penjualan Organ Manusia disampingpraktek penjualan orang sebagai praktek Perbudakan gaya baru dan penjualan orang sebagai penyedia hotel sebagai wanita penghibur dan penyedia pemuasan nafsu para hidung belang karena sebagai komoditi mahal sebagai penyedia industri HiburanKata Kunci : trafficking, violeted right, innmoral
Kredit sindikasi dalam perspektif hukum dan peraturan perbankan (studi kasus pada pt bank dki)
Authors: Kharis Umardani Mohamad
Published: December 2023

Penelitian  ini  dilakukan  atas  proyek  PLTU  Fast  Track Program  10.000  MW PT PLN (Persero) yang dibiayai secara sindikasi oleh  PT Bank DKI sebagai Lead Arranger dan Agent serta 23 (dua puluh tiga) Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) di seluruh Indonesia yang tergabung dalam Asosiasi Bank Pembangunan Daerah (ASBANDA) pada 13 proyek PLTU dengan porsi IDR dan USD dalam 1 (satu) paket       pendanaan       dengan       total       kebutuhan       pendanaan       sebesar Rp. 4.848.047.835.643,- dimana kebutuahan pendanaan atas porsi USD dikonversi kedalam IDR dengan asumsi 1 USD = Rp. 12.000,-. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana konstruksi hukum dalam kredit sindikasi pada  proyek tersebut mengingat jumlah dana yang cukup besar dan banyaknya proyek PLTU yang dibiayai, Bank DKI selaku arranger dan agent membentuk dua Perjanjian Kredit Sindikasi (PKS) No. 61 dan PKS No.62 yang mengatur hubungan hukum yang timbul  diantara  para  pihak.  Kewajiban  kreditur  dalam  kredit  sindikasi  secara umum telah sesuai terlihat telah diatur pada klausula Perjanjian Kredit Sindikasi. Penerapan prinsip kehati-hatian perbankan atas pemberian kredit sindikasi pada proyek tersebut menjadi sangat penting mengingat mengenai legal lending limit atau Batas Maksimum Pemberian Kredit (BMPK) dari bank peserta sindikasi ada yang dilampaui namun pada kredit sindikasi ini dikecualikan dikarenakan adanya Surat Pengecualian BMPK yang diterbitkan oleh Bank Indoneisa serta dengan Surat Jaminan Pemerintah (Letter of Guarantee) yang diterbitkan oleh Menteri Keuangan selaku wakil Pemerintah Indonesia.
Sertifikat Halal Pada Produk Makanan Dan Minuman Memberi Perlindungan Dan Kepastian Hukum Hak-Hak Konsumen Muslim
Authors: Syafrida Syafrida
Published: December 2023

Latar belakang masalah dengan adanya globalisasi, perdagangan bebas dan Masyarakat Ekonomi Asia (MEA) menyebabkan meningkatnyaÂ  peredaran produk makanan dan minuman di masyarakat Indonesia. Indonesia adalah negara dengan penduduk agama Islam terbesar di dunia. Dalam Pasal 29 ayat (2) UUD RI Tahun 1945 disebutkan bahwaÂ  â€œNegara menjamin tiap tiap penduduk untuk memeluk agamanya sesuai dengan kepercayaannyaâ€. Rumusan masalah tulisan ini adalah apa manfaat sertifikat halal produk makanan dan minuman yang diperdagangkan di masyarakat. Tujuan penulisan untuk mengetahui manfaat sertifikat halal pada produk makanan dan minuman yang diperdagangkan di msyarakat. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan adalah penelitian Kepustakaan berupa data sekunder mengunakan bahan hukum primer, bahan sekunder dan bahan tersier. Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini untuk mendapat sertifikat halal pelaku usaha mengajukan permohonan sertifikat halal ke LPPOM MUI disertai data pendukungnya. LPPOM MUI membentuk Â Tim auditorÂ  untukÂ  melakukan audit pada saat proses produksi dan hasil audit disampaikan ke komisi Fatwa MUI untuk mendapat penetapan halal dan MUI mengeluarkan sertifikat halal, manfaat sertifikat halal pada produk yang diperdagangkan adalah untuk memberi perlindungan dan kepastian hukum hak-hak konsumen muslim terhadap produk yang tidak halal.
Eksistensi Aset Eks Bank Dalam Likuidasi
Authors: Almaududi Almaududi
Published: December 2023

Berdasarkan Peraturan Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan tentang Likuidasi Bank (PLPS LB) diatur ketentuan bahwa Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan (LPS) berwenang mengelola Aset Eks BDL, namun permasalahannya adalah tidak ditemukannya alas hak bagi LPS untuk melakukan pengelolaan tersebut.Â  Sebelum status badan hukum BDL hapus, tidak dilakukan terlebih dahulu penyerahan (levering) atau pengalihan piutang (cessie) dari Tim Likuidasi kepada LPS sehingga, secara yuridis tindakan penghapusan Aset Eks BDL dari NSL tidak benar-benar menghapuskan kepemilikan aset oleh BDL. Oleh karena itu, untuk menghindari potensi permasalahan hukum kedepannya, ada baiknya LPS memberi pengaturan yang jelas mengenai alas hak bagi LPS dalam melakukan pengelolaan Aset Eks BDL dengan tetap memperhatikan pelaksanaan likuidasi 16 bank yang dicabut izinnya pada tahun 1997, dimana Negara (c.q. Kementerian Keuangan) sebagai kreditur mayoritas menerima sisa Aset Eks BDL sebagai pembayaran non-tunai.
Penyelesaian Perkelahian Antar Pelajar Sma Jakarta Oleh Kepolisian Resort Jakarta Selatan (Studi Kasus: Tawuran Pelajar Sma N 6 Dengan Sma N 70 Jakarta)
Authors: Ade Fahrani Nela
Published: December 2023

Dalam perkembangannya menuju dewasa, anak akan melewati satu tahapan yang disebut dengan â€˜remajaâ€™. Apabila orang tua berhasil membimbing dan memperhatikan anaknya, maka si anak akan melewati kehidupan remajanya dengan gemilang, sebaliknya maka akan terjerumus ke dalam hal-hal yang menyimpang, yang dapat disebut dengan kenakalan remaja. Kenakalan remaja yang sering dilakukan oleh remaja dan sangat meresahkan masyarakat itu sendiri ialah perkelahian pelajar. Kasus perkelahian pelajar yang sedang hangat-hangatnya menjadi perbincangan dalam masyarakat adalah kasus perkelahian pelajar yang melibatkan SMA N 6 dan SMA N 70 Jakarta, yang menimbulkan satu orang siswa dari SMA N 6 meninggal dunia. Penyebabnya antara lain adalah adanya pembatasan wilayah antar kedua SMA, adanya doktrin dari alumni untuk melestarikan perkelahian, dan untuk membela nama baik almamater sekolah masing-masing. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah yuridis sosiologis, yaitu penelitian hukum melihat norma hukum yang berlaku dan langsung dihubungkan atau dikaitkan dengan kenyataan yang ada di lapangan. Pihak Penyidik Kepolisian Resort Jakarta Selatan menangani kasus ini dengan dua cara, yaitu secara persuasif, dengan memanggil orang tua pelajar yang terlibat untuk membuat surat pernyataan dan dikembalikan kepada orang tua dan sekolah, serta secara hukum, menerapkan Pasal 338 KUHP tentang Pembunuhan, Pasal 170 KUHP tentang Pengeroyokan, dan 351 ayat (3) KUHP tentang Penganiayaan yang menyebabkan matinya orang, kepada tersangka, yaitu siswa SMA N 70 Jakarta.
Keterwakilan Perempuan Di Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Utara Periode 2009-2014
Authors: Yanthy Adelina Novi
Published: December 2023

Pada periode 2004-2009, jumlah anggota dewan di DPRD Provinsi Sumatera berjumlah 85 orang namun hanya ada 5 (lima) orang anggota perempuan yang berhasil duduk di parlemen. Dari jumlah anggota perempuan yang hanya 5 (lima) orang tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Keterwakilan Perempuan di DPRD Provinsi Sumatera Utara masih sangat rendah. Partai politik berpeluang untuk menentukan partisipasi dan keterwakilan perempuan, ketentuanÂ  kuotaÂ  30 persenÂ  bagiÂ  perempuan untukÂ  mendudukiÂ  jabatanÂ  politikÂ  diaturÂ  dalamÂ  Undang-UndangÂ  Nomor 10Â  TahunÂ  2008 tentang Pemilihan Umum anggota DPR, DPD, dan DPRD, demikianÂ  jugaÂ  denganÂ  UUÂ  No.Â  2Â  Tahun 2008Â  tentangÂ  PartaiÂ  Politik. Pendekatan masalah yang digunakan penulis adalah melalui pendekatan yuridis sosiologis yaitu dengan melakukan penelitian langsung ke DPRD Provinsi Sumatera Utara untuk mendapatkan data primer. Dengan adanya kebijakan dari partai politik untuk memperhatikan keterwakilan perempuan agar dapat duduk dalam parlemen, serta adanya sangsi yang tegas dalam Undang-undang mengenai partai politik yang tidak memenuhi kuota 30 persen keterwakilan perempuan dalam partai politik tidak akan lulus verifikasi partai politik.
Kewenangan Penyelesaian Sengketa Mengadili Atas Otentisitas Akta Yang Dibuat Oleh Notaris Di Luar Wilayah Kerja
Authors: Prima Puspita Sari Indriana , Istislam Istislam , Aprilianda Nurini
Published: December 2023

NotarisÂ  adalahÂ  pejabatÂ  umumÂ  yangÂ  berwenangÂ  untukÂ  membuatÂ  aktaÂ  otentikÂ  yang telahÂ  ditentukanÂ  olehÂ  undang-undang.Â  UntukÂ  menjalankanÂ  jabatannyaÂ  dalam membuat akta ditempat kedudukan dan wilayah kerjanya, dengan pengawasan dan pembinaanÂ  olehÂ  MajelisÂ  PengawasÂ  Notaris.Â  AkanÂ  tetapiÂ  padaÂ  faktanya,Â  dalam menjalankan jabatannya masih saja ada Notaris yang secara sengaja maupun tidak sengajaÂ  masihÂ  menjalankanÂ  jabatannyaÂ  diluarÂ  tempatÂ  kedudukanÂ  danÂ  wilayah kerjanya itu, sehingga atas hal tersebut menimbulkan sengketa atas otentisitas akta Notaris. Selain itu, pada penyelesaiannya hal ini juga menimbulkan gejala konflik mengenaiÂ  kewenanganÂ  penyelesaianÂ  sengketaÂ  antaraÂ  lembagaÂ  peradilanÂ  umum denganÂ  MajelisÂ  PengawasÂ  NotarisÂ  atasÂ  otentisitasÂ  aktaÂ  yangÂ  dibuatÂ  olehÂ  Notaris. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode normatif dengan studi kasus dan menganalisa kewenanganÂ  penyelesaianÂ  sengketaÂ  mengadiliÂ  atasÂ  otentisitasÂ  aktaÂ  yangÂ  dibuat oleh Notaris di luar wilayah kerja, dengan tujuan agar terciptanya suatu kepastian dalam penegakan hukum di IndonesiaÂ  yang sesuai menurut peraturan perundang- undangan yang berlaku.
KEABSAHAN PERKAWINAN BEDA AGAMA DI INDONESIA DALAM PRESPEKTIF CITA HUKUM PANCASILA
Authors: M. Karim Herman
Published: December 2023

Perkawinan antara Laki-laki dan perempuan yang memiliki latar belakang agamaberbeda dilakukan dibawah system hukum di Indonesia mengalami suatu masalahterkait keabsahan pernikahan. Keabsahan pernikahan ini akan dianalisisberdasarkan hukum pernikahan indonesia yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 1 tahun1974, Undang-Undang Nomor 34 tahun 2006 tentang administrasi kependudukandan Keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi 68 Tahun PUU-XII/2014. Norma-normayang terkandung dalam semua peraturan ini dapat disalah artikan berbeda olehsetiap warga negara termasuk di Pengadilan.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI NASABAH PIALANG PERDAGANGAN BERJANGKA DALAM HAL TERJADINYA WANPRESTASI YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH PIHAK PIALANG PERDAGANGAN BERJANGKA
Authors: Maulid Nugrah , Koeswahyono Imam , Yuliati Yuliati
Published: December 2023

Perlindungan Hukum bagi nasabah pialang perdagangan berjangka akan menjadifokus penelitian ini, terutama bila terjadi pelanggaran kontrak. Penulis akanmenganalisa peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang perdagangan berjangkayang terkandung dalam UU No.32 / 1997 sebagaimana telah diubah dengan UUNo.10 / 2011 tentang sejauh mana kedua undang-undang tersebut telahmemberikan mekanisme perlindungan hukum di bidang perdagangan masa depanketika pialang adalah melanggar perjanjian. Adanya mekanisme perlindunganhukum yang adil di bidang ini tentunya akan memberikan kepastian hukum bagiorang-orang yang terlibat dalam transaksi perdagangan berjangka.
How to Successfully Engage a Community in Road Safety
Authors: Johnson Marilyn , Napper Robbie , Johnston Vanessa , Corser Jenny
Published: December 2023

Lack of community engagement in road safety issues has been a difficult barrier to achieving greater road safety outcomes. In this project, our aim was to develop a road safety campaign that humanises cyclists. We devised a four-step approach to develop and implement the campaign to engage the community and achieve positive outcomes. The four steps were: 1) key stakeholder engagement, 2) community consultation, 3) campaign creation and delivery and, 4) evaluation. As this project was conducted in 2020/2021, we address how we managed disruptions caused by COVID-19. Key findings show the campaign was successful and increased understanding of safe behaviours and positive influence on attitudes about cyclists. The frameworks used for this project are provided and while the insights from this project apply to cyclist safety, the steps can be applied to improve collaborative projects to include community engagement in any area of road safety.
Separate approaches to understanding human rights
Authors: Tokarchuk O. V.
Published: December 2023

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Transformation of Ukrainian Legislation on National Minorities in the Course of European Integration
Authors: Yavir V. А.
Published: December 2023

The development and improvement of Ukrainian legislation on the protection of the rights of national minorities is an integral part of Ukraine’s state-building as a European, democratic state. Thus the article analyzes the new version of the Law of Ukraine “On National Minorities (Communities) of Ukraine”, which was adopted to meet the requirements of European integration, with a view to improving and enhancing the protection of national minority rights. Comparative and legal analysis has revealed a number of shortcomings that need to be addressed as soon as possible in order for the new law to have a positive impact on the protection of the rights of national minorities in Ukraine.

The biggest drawback of the Law of Ukraine “On National Minorities (Communities) of Ukraine” amended in 2022 is that it does not systematically address the full range of problems in ensuring effective protection of the rights of national minorities. In addition to preserving the old problems and challenges related to the status of a national minority (community), the Law of Ukraine “On National Minorities (Communities) of Ukraine” creates a number of new ones. The new version of the law also creates grounds for destructive processes, including the politicization of ethnicity among certain national minorities.

These include: narrowing the scope of rights, in particular, the elimination of the right to national and cultural autonomy; declarative and uncertain basic provisions, which creates a field for political speculation and manipulation and makes it impossible to effectively protect national minorities (communities) by exercising the rights enshrined in it; and, as a result, politicization of ethnicity and accumulation of discontent among national minorities (communities).

As predicted, the Law of Ukraine “On National Minorities (Communities) of Ukraine” currently looks more like a formal response to the requirements of European integration, which needs to be amended in terms of specification and content, rather than an improvement of Ukraine’s legislation on national minorities. Improving the protection of national minority rights in the course of Ukraine’s European integration should not be limited to the adoption of a new version of the law on national minorities, but should also include the means and procedures for implementing a number of political and legal mechanisms for protecting the rights of national minorities, reforming the institutional structure of ethnic policy, etc.

Key words: national minorities, European integration, ethnic group, ethnic policy
Special tribunal for the crime of aggression against Ukraine: goals and prospects of creation
Authors: Tsvietkova Y. V.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the reasons for the creation of the Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression against Ukraine, comparing the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court and Ukraine’s interests in punishing the Russian Federation and its leaders. For the purposes of our research the methods of textual analysis, comparison, data synthesis, formal-legal method and forecasting method were used. Ukraine is trying to make the maximum use of the possibilities of international law and international organizations to punish the Russian Federation for committing the crimes against international law and humanity. It is established that the jurisdictional and procedural capabilities of the International Criminal Court only partially satisfy the needs of Ukraine. Ukraine has not ratified the Rome Statute - the main document of the International Criminal Court; and cannot ratify it during the declared martial law. Similarly, the Russian Federation itself and some allies of Ukraine are not parties to the Rome Statute. Therefore, to resolve these gaps, there is a need to create an ad hoc Special tribunal for the crime of aggression against Ukraine.

At the moment, the creation of the Special Tribunal is supported not only by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, but also by the numerous international organizations and the parliaments of the different states: the UN, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, the Parliamentary Assembly of the NATO countries, OSCE, political, legal and social influencers, etc. The statute of the Special tribunal will be able to close the existing jurisdictional loopholes of the International Criminal Court, in particular in matters of determining the subjects of the crime, compensation for damage, and others. Based on the existing preliminary statements of the participants of the initiative group, socio-political influencers, experts and scientists, conclusion can be made that the Special tribunal will be organized through the UN General Assembly, the text of its charter will be addressing the issue of compensation payments to Ukraine and its allies from the seized assets of the state companies and the sanctioned legal and natural persons of the Russian Federation. The prospects of the collective responsibility and the prospects of convicting individuals in absentia will also be important issues.

Key words: Special tribunal for the crime of aggression against Ukraine, International Criminal Court, crime of aggression, war crimes.
Streamlining legislation as a way to increase its effectiveness at the present stage
Authors: Parkhomenko N. M.
Published: December 2023

Legislation as a system of normative legal acts is one of the legal means of regulating social relations, the quality and timeliness of the adoption and application of which determines its effectiveness. Effectiveness of legislation has been and is one of the problems at any historical stage of state formation, because it determines the stability and development of all social relations in respect of which legal influence is carried out. The problem of the effectiveness of legislation in conditions of emergency, including martial law, is of great importance, since ensuring the full functioning of public power, the economy, ensuring and restoring the rights and freedoms of citizens, the country’s defense capability in the conditions of the ongoing war, directly depends on legal support, its compliance with objective realities and the ability to exert an ordering influence on social relations.

In connection with martial law and Ukraine’s acquisition of the status of a candidate for EU membership, the subjects of lawmaking adopt a significant number of legal acts, both primary and those that amend and supplement existing and existing ones, different legal force, in different spheres of public relations, designed for different periods of action, which sometimes contradict each other, do not have systemic links with the current legislation and thus reduce the level of effectiveness of legal regulation, legality and law and order in the state. Accordingly, there are many different subjective and objective factors that influence the establishment, restoration and maintenance of law and order at different stages of state development.

However, one of the main ones is the streamlining of the legal array regarding its compliance with objectively existing social relations, which should be one of the constant tasks of the subjects of law-making activity.

Key words: legislation, regulation, martial law, efficiency, European Union, improvement, constitutionalization, European principles, international standards, European integration, Armed Forces of Ukraine, lawmaking, politics.
Accession of Ukraine to the European Union - opportunities and threats on the example of Poland
Authors: Niesiołowski J.
Published: December 2023

The article describes the stages of Poland’s accession to the European Union and shows the specificity of the negotiation processes. While examining the political and so-cio-economic situation of Poland as well as the needs and conditions of European com-munities that contributed to Poland’s membership in the European Union, the author constantly makes comparisons with Ukraine. In particular, it was emphasized that the European communities, when making decisions regarding Poland, took into account its role as a leader in the fight against the communist system, and in relation to Ukraine - the heroic struggle of the Ukrainian nation against the Russian aggressor. The author indicates the opportunities and threats related to Ukraine’s accession to the European Union in the context of Polish experiences.

Key words: European integration, acquis communautaire, state sovereignty, EU freedoms, economic emigration, national identity, national security, development of science.
The principle of justice in wartime legislation: theoretical and legal analysis
Authors: Golovko O. M.
Published: December 2023

The article considers the principle of the fundamental principle of law ¬ – justice in the state wartime regulation. The concept of justice is one of the cornerstones and most relevant issues of jurisprudence worldwide. The system of fundamental principles of law includes the principles of justice, equality, freedom and humanism. Their valuable combination is the principle of the rule of law. Existential conditions of war determine the aggravation of the public need for justice and its reflection in the current legislation. The legislator must take them into account in the rulemaking work. This applies to both institutional and subjective justice.

It is also important to take into account the understanding of the principle of justice in law as freedom, and law as a measure of freedom. In the context of justice, both positive and negative freedom acquire meaning. The war increases psycho-emotional tension in the society to the maximum level. Under such circumstances, Leon Petrażycki’s Psychological Theory of Law takes on special significance. As the human psyche adapts to social life, law changes accordingly. Attention to the issues of justice in legislation increases the importance of natural law. Just as the Second World War caused a return to natural law theories, the events of the Russian-Ukrainian war are going to increase attention to human rights and increase the social role of natural law theories. In the conditions of war, Ukrainians demonstrate a high level of legal culture. There was no rise in mob violence or illegal establishment of justice in the society. Therefore, it is in the context of the legal procedure that ensuring procedural justice and the requirements of the rule of law gain their particular importance. In the conditions of war, the value features of law acquire special importance compared to the instrumental ones. Ensuring the moral value of the law, strengthening the role of the fundamental principles – the principle of justice and the principle of the rule of law should be the way to satisfy the increased public demand for justice in legislation.

Key words: fundamental principles of law, justice, institutional justice, principle of rule of law, Psychological Theory of Law, Natural Law Theories.
Improving the legislation of Ukraine to avoid and eliminate double taxation
Authors: Nikitin V. V.
Published: December 2023

The author carried out a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical and methodological foundations, normative foundations of improving the legislation of Ukraine to avoid and eliminate double taxation. The formation of the principles of overcoming double taxation through the implementation of the provisions of the current tax legislation is connected with the influence on the behavior of the relevant persons – both powerful and obliged. The impact on tax relations by the norms of tax legislation is carried out by detailing the capabilities and forms of behavior of bodies representing the state and guaranteeing the implementation of its interests in the payment of taxes and fees. This happens by granting the right to such bodies to issue preliminary clarifications on the grounds for carrying out one or another tax transaction, applying fines to taxpayers in case they do not comply with the relevant recommendations.

In order to improve the procedures of the double taxation avoidance mechanism in Ukraine, it is proposed to establish the procedure according to which residents of Ukraine are obliged to declare income received abroad, and to impose on fiscal authorities the obligation to check the compliance of the declared data. For the introduction of such a procedure, we offer the norms of Article 13.5. 13 of the Tax Code of Ukraine shall be amended as follows: «13.5. Residents of Ukraine are required to declare income received abroad by submitting an appropriate application to the tax authorities. Otherwise, the specified entities will be held liable for the unreliability of the information provided in the declarations in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine. The authorities of the State Tax Service of Ukraine conduct a check of compliance of the information provided by the taxpayer with specific factual data and a certain international agreement, as well as the fact that the relevant tax amounts have been credited to the budget.»

In order to eliminate double taxation, the rules on the basis of which the profit of a permanent establishment or an enterprise that carries out trade with a foreign participant of the same group of enterprises should be additionally applied to the definition of a permanent establishment. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical and legal foundations, normative foundations of improving the legislation of Ukraine to avoid and eliminate double taxation, problems of imperfection of regulatory acts were identified and possible options for improving the legislation in the specified area were emphasized.

Key words: avoidance of double taxation, elimination of double taxation, tax exemption, tax credit, tax agreements, income taxation, double taxation.
The Obligation to Accept Aquis Communautaire: Some Thoughts on Ukraine’s Accession to the EU and value of the rule of law
Authors: Michalak M. , Śniadach O.
Published: December 2023

This article examines the pressing issue of Ukraine’s potential accession to the European Union in the aftermath of Russia’s unlawful aggression against Ukraine in February 2022. The authors assert that the current context necessitates a comprehensive examination of the complexities involved in Ukraine’s path to EU membership, mainly focusing on the rule of law as a central and critical aspect. To provide a broader context, the article’s structure conditionally includes two sections. The initial section outlines the general criteria and conditions for EU membership, including the procedural aspects involved in the application process. This section also highlights the significance of transitional measures for aspiring member states like Ukraine. The subsequent section focuses on the specific rule of law requirements that Ukraine must fulfill.

The study emphasizes the need for necessary reforms and adjustments in Ukrainian legislation to meet EU standards, focusing on the effective functioning of independent and impartial judicial institutions. The authors believe that shedding light on these challenges will contribute to the ongoing discourse on Ukraine’s EU accession, fostering a deeper understanding of the interplay between legal harmonization and democratic governance. Overall, this article offers valuable insights into the complexities of Ukraine’s EU membership aspirations and underscores the importance of the rule of law as a central pillar in the integration process. By contributing to the body of knowledge on this multifaceted issue, the study seeks to aid Ukraine in fulfilling the requirements for EU membership while reinforcing the shared values and aspirations of the European community.

Key words: acquis communautaire, avis, the European Union, regulations, directives, join the EU, community law, implementation, the Accession Treaty, the rule of law, admission to the EU, judicial reform, EU standards, candidate countries.
A Novel Mass-Energy Equation from Lorentz Factor and Energy of Motion
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: December 2023

The relativistic momentum is concerned with the motion of a body whose velocity approaches the speed of light. Also, the velocity of a moving object with mass is less than the speed of light because light has no mass and the speed of light is the upper limit for the speeds of all objects in the universe. In this article, a novel mass-energy equation is derived using the Lorentz factor and the kinetic energy of classical mechanics.
RUANG PUBLIK BARU DAN PERUBAHAN SOSIAL: PEMANFAATAN INTERNET UNTUK ADVOKASI DAN DISEMINASI ISU PENUNDAAN PEMILU STUDI KASUS MAFINDO DAN DRONE EMPRIT
Authors: Rahman Mila Amalia , Afifah Zahra Nur , Ma’rifah Iza , Laras Lestari Dewi , Heryanto Gun Gun , Hermansah Tantan
Published: December 2023

Abstrak. Isu penundaan pemilu tahun 2024 terus merebak di media sosial, semua kalangan turut berbicara. Menteri Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman dan Investasi mengklaim bahwa 110 juta warganet mendukung penundaan pemilu 2024, berbeda dengan data yang dibagikan Founder Drone Emprit, 91% kontra dan 6% pro terhadap penundaan pemilu, karena itu peneliti ingin menganalisa advokasi dan diseminasi Isu Penundaan Pemilu 2024 pada Ruang Publik Baru. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kulitatif dan studi kasus, pengambilan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan studi literatur, sehingga dapat dianalisis dan dideskripsikan dengan paradigma kritis. Penggunaan internet pada saat ini membuat ruang publik baru, menyebabkan seluruh masyarakat dapat ikut andil dalam diskursus yang terjadi secara asimetris. Tipologi pengguna internet dalam hal ini termasuk dalam dua tipologi yaitu, tipologi disseminator yang lebih memberi argumentasinya tersebar dan tipologi propagandis memberikan informasi yang lebih kritis khususnya terhadap pemerintah yang dianggap tidak dapat diandalkan terutama dalam pengambilan keputusan yang dianggap sering merugikan publik. Mafindo berperan sebagai pengamat fakta dan pemberi klarifikasi data atau isu yang beredar itu termasuk fakta atau hoaks, sedangkan Drone Emprit berperan dalam diseminasi isu penundaan pemilu, melalui pemantauan dan pengamatan pada Big Data, Drone Emprit menghimpun dan menganalisa untuk mengetahui hasilnya dari diskursus di ruang publik baru Twitter.
“Feeling of Kyrgyzstan”: the role of L.M. Mosolova in the formation and development of artistic culture of Kyrgyzstan
Authors:   Children's Art School No. 6 named after Zh. Sheraliev of the Kyrgyz Republic, Ulanova A.U.
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the role of Prof. L.M. Mosolova in the formation and development of artistic culture of Kyrgyzstan. Born in Jeti-Oguz district of the Kyrgyz Republic, L.M. Mosolova worked in the Ministry of Culture of Soviet Kyrgyzstan as an editor of the art-expert board and an art historian at the difficult moment of establishment of the new socialist content in the socialist republics. While studying the history of fine arts of Kyrgyzstan, L.M. Mosolova wrote the most unexplored part of this history — the oldest and most ancient. In addition to many analytical articles and monographs, essays on painters, sculptors in the art history heritage of L.М. Mosolova, monumental works on the history of art of Kyrgyzstan play an important role. Among the art historians of the Kyrgyz Republic L.М. Mosolova occupies a special place, due to a peculiar combination of experience in teaching, teaching and methodological, art-critical, scientific activity and personal qualities and in it lives “the feeling of Kyrgyzstan”, which can not be achieved without love — even by labor.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KUNJUNGAN ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LUBUK BUAYA KOTA PADANG
Authors: Oktova Rafika , Mutiara Halida Erda , Englania Rusmat Yeri
Published: December 2023

The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Indonesia in 2021 is 7,389 cases, which shows an increase compared to 2020. The high maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Indonesia is related to many factors, including the quality of behavior of pregnant women who do not use antenatal care in pregnancy health services. This study aims to determine the relationship between these factors and antenatal care visits (ANC) in the Lubuk Buaya Health Center, Padang City, working area. This type of research used quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design; the sample in this study were all postpartum mothers who were in the Working Area of the Lubuk Buaya Health Center, Padang City, totaling 82 people. The sampling technique in this study is total sampling. Data were obtained from questionnaires filled out by respondents and analyzed using the chi-square statistical test (p≤0.05). The results showed that most of the respondents had complete antenatal care visits, were not at risk of age, had good knowledge, a good attitude, did not work, and had support from their families. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between age (p=0.003), knowledge (p=0.049), attitude (p=0.039), employment (p=0.000), family support (p=0.002), and antenatal care visits. There is a relationship between age, knowledge, attitudes, work, family support, and antenatal care visits.
Perbedaan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Putri Sebelum dan Sesudah Diberikan Penyuluhan Tentang Berpacaran Sehat di SMA Negeri 1 Kuta Utara
Authors: Diandari Ni Putu Harista , Sriasih Ni Gusti Kompiang , Erawati Ni Luh Putu Sri
Published: December 2023

Adolescence is a transition period from child to adult. During this period, changes occur both physically and psychologically, especially in the bio-psycho-social aspects. Changes during this period result in teenagers starting to be attracted to the opposite sex which will refer to dating activities. Good dating is healthy dating. This research aims to provide education to teenagers about safe, healthy dating. This type of research is pre-experimental with a one group pretest posttest design which was carried out at SMA Negeri 1 North Kuta in April-May 2022. The sample was 75 respondents using a simple random sampling technique. The data collection process uses a questionnaire instrument. The research results showed that the mean value of the knowledge variable before counseling was 90, after counseling it was 96.7. The percentage of attitude values obtained before counseling was 45% positive attitudes and 55% negative attitudes. After counseling the percentage value of positive attitudes was 56% and negative attitudes 44%. Testing the normality of the data using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test obtained a p value of 0.000 (p0.005), the data was not normally distributed. The Wilcoxon test results for the knowledge variable have a p value of 0.000 and a Z value of -5.471, whereas for the attitude variable the p value is 0.000 and the Z value is -4.591. The results of this analysis show that there is an increase in knowledge before and after being given counseling and there are differences in attitudes before and after being given counseling, so it is hoped that providing counseling can increase teenagers' knowledge and attitudes about healthy dating.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Orang Tua Meningkatkan Cakupan Imunisasi DPT-HB-HiB dan MR Lanjutan pada Anak
Authors: Darsani Ni Wayan , Purnamayanti Ni Made Dwi , Tirtawati I Gusti Ayu
Published: December 2023

DPT-HB-HiB and MR immunizations are given in the basic immunization program. Re-immunization (advance immunization) is given to children aged 18 months. The purpose of advance immunization is to maintain the level of immunity and extend the child's protection period. Parental knowledge is assumed to be related to the completeness of advanced immunization in children. This study aims to determine the relationship between parental knowledge and completeness of advanced DPT-HB-HiB-MR immunization in children aged 2 years. This research is an analytic survey research with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted in Puskesmas III Dinas Kesehatan Kecamatan Denpasar Utara in 2022. This study involved 92 parents and children aged 24-36 months. Data on parental knowledge was obtained by filling out a questionnaire. Completeness of follow-up immunizations for children is obtained from the child's immunization records. Statistical test using Chi-square. The results of this study showed that 44.6% of parents had good knowledge and 55.4% of parents had poor knowledge about advanced immunization in children. The results of this study also found 68.5% of children with complete advanced immunization status and 31.5% of incomplete advanced immunization status. There is a significant relationship between parental knowledge and the completeness of advanced immunization in children under 2 years of age at Puskesmas III Dinas Kesehatan Kecamatan Denpasar Utara (p value=0,041). Increasing parental knowledge about advanced immunization has an impact on increasing the coverage of advanced immunization in children under 2 years of age.
Factores emotivos al consumo de la aceituna de mesa en la ciudad de Tacna-Perú
Authors: Martos Montoya Victoria del Socorro , Delgado Céspedes Carlos Alberto , Mosqueira Ruiz Margarita Jaquelín , Cárdenas Saavedra Abraham , Herrera Cometivos Jhamely
Published: December 2023

La comercialización de la aceituna de mesa en su mayoría es sin procesar, y contiene un alto valor nutritivo; se comercializa en supermercados, tiendas o de forma ambulatoria estos factores emotivos influyen en el comportamiento del consumidor. Objetivo. Evidenciar la influencia de la exposición de factores inductivos emotivos a los consumidores, en la asignación de utilidad a la aceituna. Materiales y métodos. Estudio inductivo, tipo experimental, diseño ortogonal, análisis conjoint, también conocido como modelo composicional multiatributo. El grupo de experimentación compuesto por 15 individuos. Determina tres asignaciones de utilidad totales diferentes (7.245, 6.255 y 5.255 unidades) para una misma aceituna, dentro del diseño. La experimentación asigna unidades de utilidades diferentes a los inductores emotivos en cada nivel: 1) factor presentación del producto a granel= 0.267; envasado normal= 0.022 y envasado al vació= -0.289; 2) factor calidad extra=0.467; standard= -0.022 y selecta= -0.444; 3) factor precio en todos sus niveles 5.00, 10.00 y 15.00 soles asignación de utilidades -0.267, -0.533 y –0.800 respectivamente. Valores de importancia asignados a los factores: calidad= 40.72 %; presentación del producto= 33.65 % y precio= 25.63%; con relación al total. Resultados. 1) la exposición de inductores emotivos a los consumidores, alteraron los valores de importancia de la aceituna, 2) el precio no muestra ser el mejor indicador de preferencia y 3) seguir incursionando en la investigación en economía conductual a través de experimentos, para entender decisiones de agentes económicos, predecir con mejores aproximaciones y explicar la dinámica económica. Conclusiones. El precio no muestra ser el mejor indicador de preferencia.