bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinação de limiares para a precipitação mensal das regiões homogêneas da Paraíba usando quantis
Authors: Da Silva Eduardo Almeida , De Brito José Ivaldo Barbosa , Becker Carmem Terezinha , Cavalcanti Enilson Pereira , Mandú Tiago Bentes , De Lima Ingrid Paloma Carneiro
Published: March 2022

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi construir réguas quantílicas para o monitoramento dos quatro meses mais chuvosos (quadra chuvosa) das regiões pluviometricamente homogêneas do estado da Paraíba (Litoral, Brejo, Agreste, Cariri/Curimataú, Sertão e Alto Sertão). Foram utilizados dados mensais de precipitação da Agência Executiva de Gestão das Águas do Estado da Paraíba (AESA) de 1994-2019 (26 anos). Os limiares se basearam nas categorias de classificação: muito seco, seco, normal, chuvoso e muito chuvoso, de acordo com os quantis Q0,15, Q0,35, Q0,65 e Q0,85 (mm/mês). Observou-se que o quadrimestre mais chuvoso nas regiões do Alto Sertão e Sertão é de janeiro a abril, o que difere da literatura que descreve, para estas regiões, quadra chuvosa de fevereiro a maio. Na região do Cariri/Curimataú o quadrimestre mais chuvoso foi de fevereiro a maio e nas regiões do Agreste, Brejo e Litoral de abril a julho, concordando com o que tem sido divulgado na literatura. Por outro lado. Finalmente, como evento teste, foi realizado o monitoramento da precipitação ocorrida no quadrimestre (fevereiro a maio) de 2019, pois é um ano e quadrimestre que dispõe de uma quantidade maior de informações, como, como por exemplo, imagens de satélites e campos de vento. Observou-se que as regiões do Alto Sertão, Sertão e Cariri/Curimataú apresentaram quadrimestre chuvoso, totais de precipitação entre os quantis Q0,65 e Q0,85, enquanto, Agreste, Brejo e Litoral seguem um padrão de normalidade, com chuvas entre Q0,35 e Q0,65. Também se verificou que as precipitações ocorridas neste período foram decorrentes da atuação de Vórtices Ciclônicos de Altos Níveis, Zona de Convergência Intertropical, Distúrbios Ondulatórios de Leste e Sistemas Frontais.
As chuvas em Florianópolis/SC: um ensaio sobre a gênese, dinâmica e distribuição espaço-temporal das precipitações
Authors: Pereira Emilly Lais , Nascimento Júnior Lindberg
Published: March 2022

O objetivo é analisar as chuvas no município de Florianópolis/SC, consubstanciada pela explicação da gênese, da dinâmica e das distribuição espaço-temporal das precipitações. Para isso, foram utilizados dados observados de estações e postos pluviométricos do município, submetidos a tratamentos com estatísticas descritivas e geoestatísticas. A distribuição espaço-temporal foi desenvolvida pela articulação de duas formas de análise: 1) encontro das similaridades a partir da técnica dos anos-padrão, utilizando parâmetros da variabilidade observada na série histórica de 1975 a 2019; 2) valorização das diferenças pluviométricas a nível local, admitindo o regime pluviométrico do ano de 2017. Os resultados sugerem que as chuvas em Florianópolis são condicionadas, sobretudo, pelas condições sinóticas e pelo relevo, admitido pelas sobretudo por variações na altimetria e na orientação das vertentes. Essa articulação indica uma diversidade topoclimática importante, e mostra que, devido as condições sinóticas do mundo subtropical, a homogeneidade pluviométrica local precisa ser criticamente debatida, já que os eventos intensificação e redução pluviométrica podem acontecer em qualquer época do ano.
Clinical effects of TB sequelae in patients with COPD
Authors: Hulya S. , Ilknur N. , Karadeniz G. , Erkan S.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: TB is a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development and causes the global burden of COPD to increase. The impact of TB sequelae on COPD has been ignored for years.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of TB sequelae in patients
with COPD and investigate the effect of TB sequelae on COPD clinic burden.METHODS: A total of 172 patients who attended the chest diseases outpatient clinic were included in the study. Detailed anamneses of their TB were taken, and pulmonary function tests were performed. The COPD
Assessment Test (CAT) questionnaire was administered to determine the health status, and the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale was used to assess the severity of dyspnoea. Thorax computed tomography images were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups based on the presence
of TB sequelae. All data from the two groups were compared.RESULTS: Of 172 patients with COPD, 66 (38%) had TB sequelae; 28 (46%) patients with TB sequelae had no history of TB. Two patients with TB history had no TB sequelae. The group with TB sequelae had lower body mass index
(P < 0.001), more emergency admissions (P = 0.018), and higher CAT and mMRC scores (P = 0.002 and P = 0.004, respectively). In the group with TB sequelae, bronchiectasis was more common (P = 0.001).CONCLUSION: In patients with COPD, TB sequelae
are very common and increase the COPD clinic burden. The presence of TB sequelae causes an increase in the use of healthcare services by patients with COPD and, therefore, an increase in the burden of COPD. Prevention, early diagnosis and timely treatment of TB are therefore very important.
From the Good Factory towards a New Sustainable Post-war Social Order in Italy. The Remarkable “Utopian” Welfare Work Policies of Adriano Olivetti and His Typewriter Company in the 1950s
Authors: Gier Erik de
Published: March 2022

In this paper, welfare work at Olivetti, a former well-known Italian typewriter and office machines company, will be analysed. Welfare work at Olivetti had reached its peak in the 1950s. This was relatively late in comparison to other noteworthy enlightened welfare work initiatives in the industrialized West. The heyday of welfare work in Europe and the United States occurred during the period from 1880 until 1930. From World War II onwards, the extensive Olivetti welfare work programs were embedded in a deliberate and encompassing communitarian social philosophy. Adriano Olivetti’s main objectives were twofold: to prevent worker alienation at the shopfloor level in his factories and to resolve political and social conflict in post-war Italy. This plan was to be carried out in a sustainable way by means of strengthening regional development. Within quite a short time span, the country underwent a rapid and intensive transformation from being a traditional agrarian society into one of the leading industrialized nations of Europe. A response will be provided to the question concerning to what extent Olivetti’s experiment can be considered unique in comparison to other significant enlightened welfare work experiments that took place between 1880 and 1930. Finally, the topicality of the Olivetti experiment will be considered.
The importance of employees' work satisfaction in family enterprises: a case study of the post-transition economy
Authors: Rožman Maja , Tominc Polona
Published: March 2022

The main aim of this paper is to synthesize the research results based on the developed multidimensional model of activities in family companies aimed at achieving employee engagement. Furthermore, this research outlines the components that impact employee satisfaction in family businesses as drivers of employees' engagement on the job. The paper is based on primary research, including a survey of family companies in Slovenia. To test the hypotheses of the study, we used structural equation modeling (SEM). The results show that factors such as leadership, employee relations, and intergenerational synergy have a positive effect on employee satisfaction, which in turn leads to employee engagement. Our research results and recommendations can help owners/managers in family companies to contribute to a better work environment and to understand the impact of family businesses’ leadership, employee relations, and intergenerational synergy on employee satisfaction engagement.
Neutrophil-Specific Antigens: Immunobiology, Genetics and Roles in Clinical Disorders
Authors: Lalezari Parviz , Bayat Behnaz
Published: March 2022

Neutrophils are the most abundant nucleated cells in blood circulation and play important roles in the innate and adaptive immune responses. Neutrophil-specific antigens, only expressed on neutrophils, are glycoproteins originally identified in studies on neonatal neutropenia due to fetal-maternal incompatibility and autoimmune neutropenia of infancy. The most investigated neutrophil–specific antigens are the NA and NB antigens that their incompatibilities also cause transfusion-induced febrile reactions and acute lung injury, a potentially fatal reaction, and in bone marrow transplantation, causing graft rejection. NA antigens are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily and are low-affinity Fc-receptors FcγRIIIb (CD16b). Fc receptors connect the F(ab), the antigen-binding fragment of the antibody molecules, to neutrophils and lead them to recognize and phagocytize the targeted antigens. The NB (CD177) antigen belongs to the urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Superfamily (uPAR, CD59, Ly6), but its specific functions have not been fully determined. It is known, however, that NB antigen binds proteinase-3 (PR3 to the neutrophil membrane), a serine protease. In clinical studies, it was also demonstrated that NB expression is highly elevated in Polycythemia Vera and is unexpectedly expressed in some cancer tissues. Neutrophil-specific antigens are examples of antigens that have important biological and clinical activities beyond antigenicity.
Drilling of 7075 Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Najiah Dahnel Aishah , Noor Ikhwan Naiman Mohamad , Azim Mirza Mohd Farid Muhammad , Faris Abdul Rahman Ahmad , Munirah Meera Mydin Nur
Published: March 2022

Aluminum alloy (Al 7075) has been increasingly used as structural components in automotive and aerospace industry due to their low density, high strength and good corrosion resistance compared with other metals. To manufacture and assemble the components, drilling operations are often conducted. However, Al 7075 is ductile and soft, which causes difficulty in drilling, resulting in material adhesion, high tool wear, short tool life and poor hole quality. As a result of the poor hole quality, there is a high percentage of part rejection, which can increase the manufacturing time and cost. This chapter discusses challenges and techniques to drill Al 7075 in terms of the cutting parameters and drilling conditions to prolong the tool life and achieve good hole quality. Drilling experiments on Al 7075-T6 (heat-treated) were conducted using carbide cutting tools at various cutting parameters. Reducing cutting speed and increasing feed rate resulted in reducing tool wear, whereas a reduction in surface roughness, hence improved machined surface finish, was found when both cutting speed and feed rate were reduced in drilling Al 7075-T6. Producing good hole quality is vital during the drilling process to ensure a good assembly and product service performance.
What Accommodations Do Courts Provide for Abused Children with Communication Disabilities? A Legal Scoping Review
Authors: Bornman Juan , White Robyn , Johnson Ensa
Published: March 2022

Children with disabilities are at higher risk for becoming victims of violence and sexual abuse than peers without disabilities. Despite this, very few of these cases are heard in court due to a plethora of reasons. In the rare event that they do, the court appears to be unaware and unable to efficiently provide accommodations that would allow these children to testify and obtain justice. The aim of this legal scoping review was to identify the range of documented court accommodations to enable abused children with communication disabilities to testify in court. The legal scoping review methodology developed by White et al. (2021) was used to search the extant evidence related to court accommodations for children with communication disabilities across electronic social sciences databases (i.e., PubMed, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library and PscyInfo) and law databases (i.e., Hein Online, Lexis Nexis, Sabinet and Saflii). Results describe the available accommodations used across different countries and jurisdictions.
Use Data Mining Cleansing to Prepare Data for Strategic Decisions
Authors: Sikibi Mawande
Published: March 2022

Pre-processing data on the dataset is often neglected, but it is an important step in the data mining process. Analyzing data that has not been carefully screened for such challenges can produce misleading results. Thus, the representation and quality of data are first and foremost before running an analysis. In this paper, the sources of data collection to remove errors are identified and presented. The data mining cleaning and its methods are discussed. Data preparation has become a ubiquitous function of production organizations – for record-keeping and strategical making in supporting various data analysis tasks critical to the organizational mission. Despite the importance of data collection, data quality remains a pervasive and thorny challenge in almost any production organization. The presence of incorrect or inconsistent data can significantly distort the results of analyses, often negating the potential benefits of strategical making driven approaches. This tool has removed and eliminated errors, duplications, and inconsistent records on the datasets.
ПОЛИТИЧКЕ ПРИЛИКЕ НА ПРОСТОРУ БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ ОД ОКТРОИСАНОГ УСТАВА ДО ЗАГРЕБАЧКИХ ПУНКТАЦИЈА 1931/1932. ГОДИНЕ
Authors: Мастиловић Драга
Published: March 2022

Након завођења Шестојануарског режима краља Александра политички живот на простору Босне и Херцеговине био је скоро у потпиности замро. Нови импулс оживљавању политичког живота дао је Октроисани устав 1931. године, којим је уведено стање ограниченог парламентаризма. На простору Босне и Херцеговине ново стање затекло је политичке вође прилично неспремне, осим наравно оних који су учествовали у припремању Октроисаног устава, попут др Милана Сршкића. Ипак, велики број дотадашњих политичких првака активно се укључио у новонастале политичке прилике и учествовао на парламентарним изборима 1931. године. С обзиром на то да је изборни закон био подешен на начин да фаворизује владину листу, опозиционе партије нису ни имале прилику да активно учествују на изборима, па су их већином бојкотовали. Ипак, спорост у формирању режимске Југословенске радикално сељачке демократије омогућила је убрзо активну опозициону акцију у којој су поједине партије и политички кортеши на простору Босне и Херцеговине имали видну улогу.
The psychotherapeutic change process in women who have been sexually assaulted: An examination of the schema therapy model
Authors: Korkmaz Burcu , Soygut Gonca
Published: March 2022

Sexual assault is one of the most challenging experiences to manage since it can have devastating effects on the individual's mental and physical health, and can cause many psychological problems, especially PTSD and depression. In this study, a psychotherapy process based on the schema therapy model was conducted with six women who were sexually assaulted in Turkey, and the psychotherapeutic change process was examined with both qualitative and quantitative methods. According to the descriptive results from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Scale‐Self‐Report (PSS‐SR), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Symptom Check list‐90 (SCL‐90), the scores in the post‐test and follow‐up stages decreased compared to the pre‐test stage, and this decrease also had clinical significance for PSS‐SR both at post‐test (p < .05, .01 and .001 for each participant) and at follow‐up (p < .01 and .001 for each participant) stages. From the results of the narrative analysis, on the other hand, it was concluded that the psychotherapy process was completed in three stages (the introduction, the body, the conclusion); the participants conveyed the stories of some schema modes (the abused child, the punitive parent, the demanding parent, the angry‐protector, the avoidant and detached protector); and an important transitional stage was experienced (meeting the psychological needs, self‐awareness, self‐acceptance, self‐control and healthy boundaries, confrontation and normalisation) during the transformation of these stories into healthy adults. It is recommended that this discovered transitional stage is investigated in further schema therapy research. All findings are discussed in detail and a brief intervention protocol based on the schema therapy model is proposed.
Home‐visiting mental health professionals' differentiations between acceptable and unacceptable parent discipline behaviours in Hong Kong: A q‐study
Authors: Lam Ching Man , Ho Grace Wing Ka , Bressington Daniel
Published: March 2022

Home‐visiting mental health professionals (HMHPs) have an important role in identifying suspected child maltreatment in the community. However, it is unclear how professionals in Hong Kong differentiate acceptable discipline behaviours from reportable forms of abuse, and how their characteristics may influence their view. This study examined HMHPs' views on acceptable versus unacceptable parent discipline behaviours. Using Q‐methodology, 50 HMHPs in Hong Kong sorted 52 statements on parent discipline behaviours along a continuum ranging from ‘Most Unacceptable’ to ‘Most Acceptable’. By‐person factor analysis was conducted to uncover prevailing views based on their sorts. Three unique viewpoints in differentiating discipline behaviours from abuse were uncovered, which varied based on how HMHPs prioritised children's physical safety, mental wellness and parental intention. Different views were supported by professionals with different characteristics and occupational backgrounds.
Ten years of riluzole use in a tertiary ALS clinic
Authors: Geronimo Andrew , Albertson Richard M. , Noto James , Simmons Zachary
Published: March 2022

Introduction/Aims

Riluzole is a glutamate inhibitor approved for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). There are scant data on factors associated with riluzole initiation and adherence. The goal of this study was to describe the use of riluzole at the Penn State Hershey Medical Center (PSHMC) ALS clinic.

Methods

A retrospective medical record review of ALS patients seen at the PSHMC from January 2007 to December 2016. A timeline of riluzole use was established for each patient. Factors contributing to dose changes or discontinuations were recorded. Riluzole adherence was assessed using the proportion of days covered (PDC) calculated by the patient‐reported length of riluzole use divided by total time from prescription to death/censor. Multivariable analysis was performed to evaluate the association of demography and clinical course with adherence.

Results

Seven hundred twenty‐three records were screened, with 508 (307 men, 201 women) meeting the criteria for inclusion. The median duration of riluzole use was 435 (range, 0‐3773) days. The median PDC for the group was 64%. Those with higher initial overall function and slower rate of decline were more likely to have a larger PDC. No trends in patients’ demographics, riluzole use, and tracheostomy‐free survival were found over time.

Discussion

A high rate of riluzole initiation and adherence was found in this sample. The most common reasons for dose modification were related to adverse effects, yet social‐, economic‐, and patient‐related factors were also common. The characteristics of riluzole prescription and use have remained relatively unchanged in a single tertiary ALS center over the past 10 years.
COVID‐19 vaccine‐associated organizing pneumonia
Authors: Yoshikawa Tomohiro , Tomomatsu Katsuyoshi , Okazaki Eriko , Takeuchi Tomoe , Horio Yukihiro , Kondo Yusuke , Oguma Tsuyoshi , Asano Koichiro
Published: March 2022

We report the first case of organizing pneumonia (OP) associated with a new coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) vaccination. A 78‐year‐old woman developed cough and dyspnoea 10 days after receiving BNT162b2. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed consolidation in the bilateral lower lobes of the lungs. Although antibiotic treatment did not improve her symptoms, she received a second vaccination as scheduled. She was referred to our hospital because of worsening dyspnoea on day 9 after the second vaccination, with reversed halo signs in the bilateral lower pulmonary lobes and new consolidation in the left lingual region on chest CT on day 15. She was diagnosed with OP based on bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy findings. Treatment with oral prednisolone 0.5 mg/kg/day immediately improved the symptoms and chest imaging findings. In the absence of other triggering factors, we considered this case as being COVID‐19 vaccine‐associated following the first and second vaccinations.
Soft spin correlations in final-state parton showers
Authors: Hamilton Keith , Karlberg Alexander , Salam Gavin P. , Scyboz Ludovic , Verheyen Rob
Published: March 2022

Abstract

We introduce a simple procedure that resolves the long-standing question of how to account for single-logarithmic spin-correlation effects in parton showers not just in the collinear limit, but also in the soft wide-angle limit, at leading colour. We discuss its implementation in the context of the PanScales family of parton showers, where it complements our earlier treatment of the purely collinear spin correlations. Comparisons to fixed-order matrix elements help validate our approach up to third order in the strong coupling, and an appendix demonstrates the small size of residual subleading-colour effects. To help probe wide-angle soft spin correlation effects, we introduce a new declustering-based non-global spin-sensitive observable, the first of its kind. Our showers provide a reference for its single-logarithmic resummation. The work in this paper represents the last step required for final-state massless showers to satisfy the broad PanScales next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy goals.
Quantum activation functions for quantum neural networks
Authors: Maronese Marco , Destri Claudio , Prati Enrico
Published: March 2022

The field of artificial neural networks is expected to strongly benefit from recent developments of quantum computers. In particular, quantum machine learning, a class of quantum algorithms which exploit qubits for creating trainable neural networks, will provide more power to solve problems such as pattern recognition, clustering and machine learning in general. The building block of feed-forward neural networks consists of one layer of neurons connected to an output neuron that is activated according to an arbitrary activation function. The corresponding learning algorithm goes under the name of Rosenblatt perceptron. Quantum perceptrons with specific activation functions are known, but a general method to realize arbitrary activation functions on a quantum computer is still lacking. Here, we fill this gap with a quantum algorithm which is capable to approximate any analytic activation functions to any given order of its power series. Unlike previous proposals providing irreversible measurement–based and simplified activation functions, here we show how to approximate any analytic function to any required accuracy without the need to measure the states encoding the information. Thanks to the generality of this construction, any feed-forward neural network may acquire the universal approximation properties according to Hornik’s theorem. Our results recast the science of artificial neural networks in the architecture of gate-model quantum computers.
Motion of asymmetric bodies in two-dimensional shear flow
Authors: Roggeveen James V. , Stone Howard A.
Published: March 2022

At low Reynolds numbers, axisymmetric ellipsoidal particles immersed in a shear flow undergo periodic tumbling motions known as Jeffery orbits, with the orbit determined by the initial orientation. Understanding this motion is important for predicting the overall dynamics of a suspension. While slender fibres may follow Jeffery orbits, many such particles in nature are neither straight nor rigid. Recent work exploring the dynamics of curved or elastic fibres have found Jeffery-like behaviour along with chaotic orbits, decaying orbital constants and cross-streamline drift. Most work focuses on particles with reflectional symmetry; we instead consider the behaviour of a composite asymmetric slender body made of two straight rods, suspended in a two-dimensional shear flow, to understand the effects of the shape on the dynamics. We find that for certain geometries the particle does not rotate and undergoes persistent drift across streamlines, the magnitude of which is consistent with other previously identified forms of cross-streamline drift. For this class of particles, such geometry-driven cross-streamline motion may be important in giving rise to dispersion in channel flows, thereby potentially enhancing mixing.
Non-homogeneous analysis of rogue wave probability evolution over a shoal
Authors: Mendes S. , Scotti A. , Brunetti M. , Kasparian J.
Published: March 2022

Non-equilibrium evolution of wave fields, as occurring over sudden bathymetry variations, can produce rogue seas with anomalous wave statistics. We handle this process by modifying the Rayleigh distribution through the energetics of second-order theory and a non-homogeneous reformulation of the Khintchine theorem. The resulting probability model reproduces the enhanced tail of the probability distribution of unidirectional wave tank experiments. It also describes why the peak of rogue wave probability appears atop the shoal, and explains the influence of depth on variations in peak intensity. Furthermore, we interpret rogue wave likelihoods in finite depth through the$H$–$\sigma$diagram, allowing a quick prediction for the effects of rapid depth change apart from the probability distribution.
Brachistochronous motion of a flat plate parallel to its surface immersed in a fluid
Authors: Mandre Shreyas
Published: March 2022

We determine the globally minimum time

$T$

needed to translate a thin submerged flat plate a given distance parallel to its surface within a work budget. The Reynolds number for the flow is assumed to be large so that the drag on the plate arises from skin friction in a thin viscous boundary layer. The minimum is determined computationally using a steepest descent, where an adjoint formulation is used to compute the gradients. Because the equations governing fluid mechanics for this problem are nonlinear, multiple local minima could exist. Exploiting the quadratic nature of the objective function and the constraining differential equations, we derive and apply a ‘spectral condition’ to show the converged local optimum to be a global one. The condition states that the optimum is global if the Hessian of the Lagrangian in the state variables constructed using the converged adjoint field is positive semi-definite at every instance. The globally optimum kinematics of the plate starts from rest with speed

$\propto t^{1/4}$

and comes to rest with speed

$\propto (T-t)^{1/4}$

as a function of time

$t$

. For distances much longer than the plate, the work-minimizing kinematics consists of an optimum startup, a constant-speed cruising, and an optimum stopping.
‘What is music? Anything can be music’: Frank Zappa's theory of art
Authors: Marlow-Stevens Elliot
Published: March 2022

This paper presents an analysis of Frank Zappa's aesthetic values, drawing on two examples: his writing and his music. This paper examines Zappa's musical techniques and contextualises them within art criticism; Zappa's discussion of his own music and theories of art in The Real Frank Zappa Book (1989) further help align his work with contemporary aesthetic theories, namely those of Levinson (Music, Art, and Metaphysics, Oxford University Press, 2011) and Berleant (‘Further ruminations on music’, New Sound International Journal of Music, 50/2, pp. 129–37, 2017). Together, Zappa's techniques and his own testimony suggest an aesthetic standpoint underpinning his discography that emphasises referentiality as well as subjectivity and the role of the public in the musical experience. Indicating a more sympathetic view of popular opinion, distinct from the Adornian condemnation of mass culture with which Zappa is often attributed, this analysis of Zappa's aesthetic beliefs subsequently indicates a position sympathetic to both popular and avant-garde musics.
Suicide mortality among psychiatric patients in Northeast Italy: a 10-year cohort study
Authors: Girardi Paolo , Boldrini Tommaso , Braggion Marco , Schievano Elena , Amaddeo Francesco , Fedeli Ugo
Published: March 2022

Aims

The present study investigated the relationship between suicide mortality and contact with a community mental health centre (CMHC) among the adult population in the Veneto Region (northeast Italy, population 4.9 million). Specifically, it estimated the effects of age, gender, time elapsed since the first contact with a CMHC, calendar year of diagnosis and diagnostic category on suicide mortality and modality.

Methods

The regional mortality archive was linked to electronic medical records for all residents aged 18–84 years who had been admitted to a CMHC in the Veneto Region in 2008. In total, 54 350 subjects diagnosed with a mental disorder were included in the cohort and followed up for a period of 10 years, ending in 2018. Years of life lost (YLL) were computed and suicide mortality was estimated as a mortality rate ratio (MRR).

Results

During the follow-up period, 4.4% of all registered deaths were from suicide, but, given the premature age of death (mean 52.2 years), suicide death accounted for 8.7% of YLL; this percentage was particularly high among patients with borderline personality disorder (27.2%), substance use disorder (12.1%) and bipolar disorder (11.5%) who also presented the highest suicide mortality rates. Suicide mortality rates were halved in female patients (MRR 0.45; 95% CI 0.37–0.55), highest in patients aged 45–54 years (MRR 1.56; 95% CI 1.09–2.23), and particularly elevated in the 2 months following first contact with CMHCs (MRR 10.4; 95% CI 5.30–20.3). A sensitivity analysis restricted to patients first diagnosed in 2008 confirmed the results. The most common modalities of suicide were hanging (47%), jumping (18%), poisoning (13%) and drowning (10%), whereas suicide from firearm was rare (4%). Gender, age at death and time since first contact with CMHCs influenced suicide modality.

Conclusions

Suicide prevention strategies must be promptly initiated after patients’ first contact with CMHCs. Patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, substance use disorder and bipolar disorder may be at particularly high risk for suicide.
Pitting the Working Class against Itself: Solidarity, Strikebreaking, and Strike Outcomes in the Early US Labor Movement
Authors: Isaac Larry W. , McKane Rachel G. , Jacobs Anna W.
Published: March 2022

It is axiomatic that high-risk activism requires solidarity if social movements are to have success in struggles against powerful adversaries. However, there is little research that attempts to gauge the impact of various types, limits, or breakdown of solidarity directly and systematically. Drawing from historical political economy, cultures of class formation, and social movement outcome literatures, we address the question of solidarity’s impact across dimensions and at various levels of scale (i.e., at the point of production or firm level, local community, and wider society) by analyzing the outcomes of more than 4,500 strikes during the late-nineteenth-century rise of US industrial capitalism. We find that while strike solidarity at the point of production is necessary, it is not sufficient for success. Disruption costs that strikers seek to impose to gain leverage can be significantly reduced by the countertactic of hiring strikebreaking replacement workers recruited from the local community or imported from beyond. We also find that the urban regime of strike policing matters by moderating the impact of strikebreakers. The most powerful predictor of strike outcomes is employer use of replacement workers, signaling the key to undermining working-class strike solidarity directly pits the working class against itself. Intraclass solidarity is necessary for the success in interclass struggle but needs to extend beyond the struck firm implicating the importance of solidarity of the surrounding community and wider social factory. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding the historic formation of the US labor movement and its present predicament.
High‐Pressure XAFS Measurements of the Coordination Environments of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in Basaltic Glasses
Authors: Ozawa Keisuke , Hirose Kei , Takahashi Yoshio
Published: March 2022

The X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectrum is sensitive to the local structure of a specific element of interest and a useful tool for elucidating changes in the coordination environments and spin states of Fe2+ and Fe3+. However, in situ XAFS study of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in a silicate glass has not been conducted under high pressures due to experimental difficulties. Here we investigated pressure‐induced changes in the coordination environments of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in basaltic glasses based on the Fe K‐edge XAFS analyses for both X‐ray absorption near edge structure and extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) regions. Upon compression from 1 bar to ∼15 GPa, the average Fe2+‐O bond length determined by the EXAFS analyses remained similar, suggesting that the mean coordination number of Fe2+ increased from ∼5 to 6, which is also supported by a decrease in the pre‐edge intensity. On the other hand, the Fe3+‐O bond was remarkably elongated, which indicates that Fe3+ changed from 4‐fold to 6‐fold coordination. Above 15 GPa, the coordination numbers of both Fe2+ and Fe3+ further increased, which is inferred from comparisons of the bond lengths with those of reference melt and minerals. In addition, the bond lengths did not show an anomalous reduction, indicating that both Fe2+ and Fe3+ remained in the high‐spin state up to 83 and 60 GPa, respectively, in the basaltic glasses. These compression behaviors of the Fe2+‐O and Fe3+‐O bonds support that Fe2+ disproportionates into Fe3+ and metal Fe in a deep magma ocean.
Warmer Nights Are Adding Fuel to Nighttime Fires
Authors: Schmidt Jennifer
Published: March 2022

Cool, moist nights are rarer than they were a few decades ago, and that’s giving wildfires an edge over crews trying to hold fire lines.
Association between craniofacial anomalies, intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder: Western Australian population-based study
Authors: Junaid Mohammed , Slack-Smith Linda , Wong Kingsley , Bourke Jenny , Baynam Gareth , Calache Hanny , Leonard Helen
Published: March 2022

Background

Accurate knowledge of the relationship between craniofacial anomalies (CFA), intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is essential to improve services and outcomes. The aim is to describe the association between CFA, ID and ASD using linked population data.

Methods

All births (1983–2005;n = 566,225) including CFA births (comprising orofacial clefts, craniosynostosis, craniofacial microsomia and mandibulofacial dysostosis) surviving to 5 years were identified from the birth, death, birth defects and midwives population data sets. Linked data from these data sets were followed for a minimum of 5 years from birth until 2010 in the intellectual disability database to identify ID and ASD. These associations were examined using a modified Poisson regression.

Results

Prevalence of ID and ASD was higher among CFA (especially with additional anomalies) than those without [prevalence ratio 5.27, 95% CI 4.44, 6.25]. It was higher among CFA than those with other gastrointestinal and urogenital anomalies but lower than nervous system and chromosomal anomalies. Children with CFA and severe ID had a higher proportion of nervous system anomalies.

Conclusions

Findings indicate increased ID and ASD among CFA but lower than nervous system and chromosomal anomalies. This population evidence can improve early identification of ID/ASD among CFA and support service planning.

Impact

Our study found about one in ten children born with craniofacial anomalies (CFA) are later identified with intellectual disability (ID).

Prevalence of ID among CFA was higher than those with other gastrointestinal, urogenital, and musculoskeletal birth defects but lower than those with the nervous system and chromosomal abnormalities.

Most children with craniofacial anomalies have a mild-to-moderate intellectual disability with an unknown aetiology.

On average, intellectual disability is identified 2 years later for children born with non-syndromic craniofacial anomalies than those with syndromic conditions.

Our findings can improve the early identification of ID/ASD among CFA and support service planning.
Construction of a Bi2WO6/TiO2 heterojunction and its photocatalytic degradation performance
Authors: Li Hongxia , Liang Lei , Niu Xiaohui , Zhang Deyi , Fan Haiyan , Wang Kunjie
Published: March 2022

The preparation of the photocatalyst and its degradation mechanism to organic pollutants under visible light are shown in the graphical abstract.
Improving the chemical stability of blue heteroleptic iridium emitter FIrpic in the lowest triplet state through ancillary ligand modification: a theoretical perspective
Authors: Li Huifang , Huang Luyan , Huang Zehua , Zhang Lisheng , Tang Yuanzheng , Wang Xiaojun , He Yan , Liu Zhiming
Published: March 2022

(1) A good linear relationship was obtained among the energy barrier, S0 → T1 transition energy and bond strength. (2) Strategic modification of the ancillary ligand is an easy way to enhance the photochemical stability of FIrpic.
The effect of PbS quantum dots on molecular dynamics and conductivity of PTB7:PC71BM bulk heterojunction as revealed by dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Asandulesa Mihai , Kostromin Sergei , Aleksandrov Alexey , Tameev Alexey , Bronnikov Sergei
Published: March 2022

PbS quantum dots do not affect the mobility of the branched ethylhexyloxy side chains of the PTB7 polymer in the photovoltaic blend, whereas they facilitate the mobility of the fluorinated thienothiophene units of PTB7.
Spin–orbit coupling and the fine optical structure of chiral helical polymers
Authors: Du Mengzhao , Liu Xuan , Xie Shijie
Published: March 2022

We investigate the fine structure in the optical spectra of right-handed helical polymers with intrinsic chiral-induced SOC using redefined spin-dependent operators and elaborate on the role of spin in chiral optics.
Ferrocene tethered boramidinate frustrated Lewis pairs: stepwise capture of CO2 and CO
Authors: Esarte Palomero Orhi , Jones Richard A.
Published: March 2022

The growing interest on TM free FLP catalysis has made paramount the understanding of FLP centers reacting in proximity. We report the development of a scaffold to study this reactivity consisting of two boramidinates linked by ferrocene.
Electro-osmotic flow of surfactant assisted zeta potential tuned silica frits
Authors: Dave Vidhiben , Sreenath Sooraj , Mishra Bhavana , Bhadu Gopala Ram , Sethia Govind , Nagarale Rajaram K.
Published: March 2022

The choice of surfactant is vital for tailoring the zeta potential of silica which in turn improves the electro-osmotic performance.
Electrocatalytic production of formaldehyde with formaldehyde dehydrogenase using a viologen redox mediator
Authors: Murashima Kaori , Yoneda Hideaki , Sumi Hideaki , Amao Yutaka
Published: March 2022

The electrocatalytic reduction of formate to formaldehyde with formaldehyde dehydrogenase using methylviologen redox mediated was developed.
Red to near-infrared piezochromism from AIE-active luminophores: isolated dimers facilitating a wide-range redshift
Authors: Lv Long , Ye Lijie , Cao Feng , Yang Shengchen , Song Qingbao , Zou Bo , Wang Kai , Lv Chunyan , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Yujian
Published: March 2022

An AIE-activity architecture with HLCT and highly bright fluorescence was developed and it was the dispersed dimer packing found to be attributable to cholesteryl units. During compression, the dispersed dimers presented a remarkable redshift (157 nm) and high sensitivity (22.1 nm GPa−1).
Hybrid density functional study on band structure engineering of ZnS(110) surface by anion–cation codoping for overall water splitting
Authors: Xu Lili , Meng Jie , Wang Jiajun , Wang Lu , Li Qunxiang
Published: March 2022

The (Ru + C)-codoped ZnS(110) surface is predicted to be a potential candidate for solar-driven water splitting.
In silico analysis of energy interactions between nociceptin/orfanin FQ receptor and two antagonists with potential antidepressive action
Authors: Santos J. L. S. , Bezerra K. S. , Barbosa E. D. , Pereira A. C. L. , Meurer Y. S. R. , Oliveira J. I. N. , Gavioli E. C. , Fulco U. L.
Published: March 2022

This study addresses the binding energies of NOPR-ligand complexes and presents the main amino acid residues involved in the interaction between these complexes.
Competition between reactive adsorption desulfurization and olefin hydrogenation over the NiO/ZnO–Al2O3–SiO2 adsorbent
Authors: Ju Feng , Li Lan , Wu Tian , Sun Yao , Ling Hao
Published: March 2022

The RADS process inhibits olefin hydrogenation by competitive adsorption, which is affected by temperature and Ni loading.
Regio- and stereoselective copper-catalyzed α,β-protoboration of allenoates: access toZ-β,γ-unsaturated β-boryl esters
Authors: Szwetkowski Connor , Slebodnick Carla , Santos Webster L.
Published: March 2022

A regio- and stereoselective copper-catalyzed allenoate borylation protocol was developed to affordZ-β,γ-unsaturated β-boryl esters without the necessity for a base or ligand additive.
The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS)
Authors: Liu Teng , Buchner Johannes , Nandra Kirpal , Merloni Andrea , Dwelly Tom , Sanders Jeremy S. , Salvato Mara , Arcodia Riccardo , Brusa Marcella , Wolf Julien , Georgakakis Antonis , Boller Thomas , Krumpe Mirko , Lamer Georg , Waddell Sophia , Urrutia Tanya , Schwope Axel , Robrade Jan , Wilms Jörn , Dauser Thomas , Comparat Johan , Toba Yoshiki , Ichikawa Kohei , Iwasawa Kazushi , Shen Yue , Medel Hector Ibarra
Published: March 2022

Context.The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS), observed with eROSITA ahead of its planned 4-yr all-sky survey, is the largest contiguous-field X-ray survey at present. It yielded a large sample of X-ray sources with very rich multiband photometric and spectroscopic coverage.

Aims.We present here the eFEDS active galactic nuclei (AGN) catalog and the eROSITA X-ray spectral properties of the eFEDS sources.

Methods.Using a Bayesian method, we performed a systematic X-ray spectral analysis for all the eFEDS sources. We adopted multiple spectral models, including single-component power-law or hot-plasma models and double-component models of a power law plus soft excess. We investigated the capacity of eROSITA X-ray spectra for constraining AGN spectral shapes through a detailed analysis of the posterior parameter probability distribution functions. Hierarchical Bayesian modeling was used to recover the spectral parameter distribution of the sample. The source fluxes and luminosities were measured from the posterior of the spectral fitting.

Results.The eFEDS AGN catalog (22 079 sources) comprises ~80% of the eFEDS point sources. Despite a large number of faint sources, our spectral fitting provides reasonable measurements of spectral shapes and intrinsic luminosities for a majority of the sources. Because of sample selection bias, this AGN catalog is dominated by X-ray unobscured sources, with an obscured (logNH> 21.5) fraction of 8%; the power-law emission of the hot corona is also relatively soft, with a typical slope of 2.0. For type-I AGN, the X-ray emission is well correlated with the UV emission with the usual anticorrelation between the X-ray to UV spectral slopeαOXand the UV luminosity. The X-ray spectral properties measured with various models are presented for all the eFEDS sources.
Collective hydrodynamic magnon transport study in magnetically ordered insulator based on Boltzmann approach
Authors: Li Yuheng , Chen Chao , Li Zhongyu , Zhang Jianwei
Published: March 2022

The magnon, an elementary excitation of an orderly magnetic system, has recently received a great deal of attention due to its excellent spin transmission properties. Many researchers have observed a strong correlation between magnon transport properties and temperature. Although existing theories already include the influence of temperature, they cannot clearly explain many phenomena. In this article, we introduce a new scattering process, inspired by the nature of the magnon itself and based on the Boltzmann method, which clearly impacts the transport properties of the magnon. This new scattering process is named Normal scattering, and makes the transport of the magnon exhibit a fluid-like property, which can be captured by a viscous fluid transport equation. The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with experimental results and the proportion of Normal scattering in the overall scattering changes with temperature, which convincingly explains the temperature dependence of magnon transport.
Phase noise modelling of MEMS resonant accelerometer with non-AGC-driven circuit
Authors: Li Dong , Liu Mengxia , Zhao QianCheng , Cui Jian
Published: March 2022

Phase noise is an essential performance indicator for microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonant accelerometers. The optimal resolution achievable is limited by the close-to-the carrier phase noise resulting from the modulation of noise sources by the mechanical resonator and driving circuit. Compared with the frequently used automatic gain control (AGC) circuit, the non-AGC scheme is more concise and can avoid the additional frequency flicker noise and 1/f
5 phase noise introduced by the AGC module. Although the mechanisms of these two kind of control loops are well-known by the communities, the phase noise modelling study on the non-AGC loop, especially compared with that of AGC loop is insufficient. This paper established a phase noise model for the AGC and non-AGC closed loop circuit of MEMS resonant accelerometer. The model includes the effects of resonator thermal noise, random loading noise of proof masses, front-circuit noise, comparator noise, AGC noise and amplitude stiffness coupling on the output noise spectrum of the resonant accelerometer. This paper carries the noise analysis through a behaviour level simulation with Simulink. The measured frequency power spectral density and Allan variance are very close to the theoretical predictions, which verifies the effectiveness of the phase noise model. The test results show that the white noise and the bias instability of the silicon resonant accelerometer are 837 ng (√Hz)−1 and 140 ng respectively, which are in good agreement with the model prediction results.
Adsorption of glutamic acid on clean and hydroxylated rutile TiO2(110): an XPS and NEXAFS investigation
Authors: Carraro Giovanni , Smerieri Marco , Passaglia Simone , Bracco Gianangelo , Vattuone Luca , Rocca Mario , Cossaro Albano , Verdini Alberto , Floreano Luca , Savio Letizia
Published: March 2022

Due to its biocompatibility, TiO2 is a relevant material for the study of bio-interfaces. Its electronic and chemical properties are influenced by defects, which mainly consist of oxygen vacancies or adsorbed OH groups and which affect, consequently, also the interaction with biological molecules. Here we report on an x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and near edge adsorption fine structure study of glutamic acid (Glu) adsorption on the rutile TiO2(110) surface, either clean or partially hydroxylated. We show that Glu anchors to the surface through a carboxylate group and that the final adsorption state is influenced by the presence of hydroxyl groups on the surface prior to Glu deposition. Indeed, molecules adsorb both in the anionic and in the zwitterionic form, the former species being favored on the hydroxylated substrate.