bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increasing amino-acid score of chopped semi-finished products
Authors: Khramova V N , Surkov D I , Gorlov I F , Khramova Ya I , Timofeeva A D , Korotkova A A
Published: March 2021

In today’s world diseases of alimentary etiology are common. They occur when there is insufficient intake of important essential substances, that include amino acids. Lack of essential amino acids can lead to serious disruptions in vital functions of body. Therefore, development of food products, balanced in amino acid composition, is the most important technological task of food production. Semi-finished products are one of the food groups, that in great demand among the general population. Therefore, these foods are often enriched with disease-preventing nutrients. In addition, creation of products with specified properties allows to reduce cost price due to introducing cheap plant materials into the product. The article provides data on effect of milk thistle powder and flaxseed flour on amino acid composition of meat stuffed chopped semi-finished products. Calculation of parameters of amino acid score and amino acid index in the products is presented. The results of organoleptic evaluation of experimental samples are also presented. During the study, mass fractions of proteins, fats and carbohydrates were determined. Organoleptic evaluation was carried out and energy value of each sample was calculated. Based on obtained data, a comparison was made between control sample and experimental samples in all parameters. In addition, it was found that a test sample containing milk thistle powder is capable of increasing protein content, as well as increasing amino acid index and amino acid score of the product.
Research of the influence of vacuum packaging on the quality and safety of meat semi-finished products
Authors: Nikulina E O , Ivanova G V , Kolman O I , Ivanova A N , Perestoronin D Y
Published: March 2021

The paper investigates the effect of vacuum packaging on the quality and safety of semi-finished meat products. The microbiological and organoleptic characteristics of a small-sized semi-finished product from pork pulp (goulash, pieces weighing 20-30 g) were studied, part of which was packed in GN 1/4 gastronorm containers, 0.5 kg each, the other part was packed in a vacuum package of 0.5 kg vacuum packer HVC-260T/1A (DZ-260/PD) using three-layer PA/PE bags (polyamide with polyethylene) with dimensions of 250x350 mm and a thickness of 90 microns. All semi-finished products were stored under the same conditions, in a refrigerator at a temperature of 4 °C. Comparative microbiological analysis showed that the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms in semi-finished pork meat products stored using traditional technologies exceeds the semi-finished products stored in vacuum packaging. In terms of sanitary and hygienic indicators, the test products meet the requirements of TR CU 021/2011 and SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01 for 8 days of storage at a temperature of 4 ± 2 ° C. In the investigated semi-finished products revealed shifts in pH (5.12-6.75) during storage and subsequent regeneration. Vacuum packing contributes to the preservation of organoleptic characteristics of meat semi-finished products, in comparison with semi-finished products that were stored traditionally. Analysis of the totality of quality and safety indicators for meat semi-finished products stored in vacuum packaging allows predicting an increase in shelf life up to 8 days. The shelf life of the investigated meat semi-finished products stored in vacuum packaging is 5 times longer than the shelf life established by SanPiN 2.3.2.1324-03.
Meat qualities of cross cobb-500 broilers grown with the use of the antioxidant dihydroquercetin
Authors: Kuzmina N N , Petrov O Yu
Published: March 2021

The Research is devoted to the study of the effect of the biologically active additive “Dihydroquercetin” in the compound feed on the indicators of meat productivity of broiler chickens. The results show that the increase in live weight of chickens that received dihydroquercetin in addition to the main ration was ahead of their control peers by 11,91-32,78 %. During the 40-day period of growing broilers, in the experimental groups with the addition of dihydroquercetin, they had a live weight of 15,22-50,51% more. From the beginning of fattening to the age of 40 days, the absolute and average daily growth rates showed a steady upward trend, then there was a decrease in the growth rate of chickens. The greatest effectiveness of the drug was noted at the beginning of the experiment, which indicates a positive corrective effect of the antioxidant on metabolism and an increase in the level of assimilation processes in the body of broilers. Up to 10 days of age, the chickens of the experimental groups receiving dihydroquercetin had higher relative growth rates, which obviously characterizes their better adaptation to the conditions of the experiment. The magnitude and nature of changes in the relative increase in live weight of broilers with longer cultivation up to 60 days of age indicate its inexpediency-even when using the drug dihydroquercetin, due to the unprofitability of its further use, and the lack of recoupment of costs for the purchase. In general, the higher studied indicators during the experiment were observed in broiler chickens of the III-IV experimental groups, the best result was shown in the group of birds receiving dihydroquercetin Supplement at the level of 1 g/100 g of feed, which allows us to consider it optimal.
Economic efficiency of producing a complex powdered concentrate for the production of soft drinks
Authors: Gurskikh P S , Yanova M A , Sharopatova A V , Roslyakov Yu F
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the issues about economic efficiency of producing a complex powdered concentrate from grain and fruit and berry raw materials for the producing soft drinks of high nutritional value. The main indicators that characterize the efficiency of producing finished products are calculated. Calculations of the production efficiency of powdered concentrates showed that the profit from the sale of 1 kg of powdered concentrate was from 272.3 to 406.5 rubles, and the profitability of new products is from 40.3 to 42.7 %. Production of powdered concentrate from textured grain and fruit and berry raw materials is expedient and economically profitable production, due to small investments and low production costs.
Regularities of the transition of substances from permeate to molasses in the process of lactose recovery
Authors: Khramcov A G , Lodygin A D , Anisimov G S , Shkola S S , Dykalo N YA , Eremina A I , Dinyakov V A
Published: March 2021

Crystalline lactose is produced all over the world in large quantities. The main raw material used for crystalline lactose manufacturing is permeate obtained by ultrafiltration of milk and whey. It is believed that it is better to use sweet whey permeate, but the modern world has adapted to use other sources rich in lactose. Molasses is a by-product of crystalline lactose production. Its composition varies depending on the characteristics of the feedstock, the parameters of crystallization, the use of various methods required in the technological process. In foreign countries, molasses is considered as complex raw material, but at the same time it is used for various purposes, used for feeding animals and fertilizing soils, as a nutrient medium for microorganisms’ cultivation. In Russia, molasses as a by-product of dry lactose manufacturing is practically not widespread; it was mainly used to obtain feed additives for animals. Food and pharmaceutical lactose production development gives an impetus to start studying and creating new products based on dairy molasses. Molasses has a significant good quality, which allows it to be used as a raw material in the development of functional products based on lactose and its derivatives.
Development of the prototype of a geo-information web system for dynamic visualization of forest fire hazard
Authors: Kosov I V , Yakubailik O E
Published: March 2021

The article examines the prototype of an interactive system to display fire hazard in the forest during the fire season, prototype’s main characteristics and development methods of web GIS technologies. The proposed approach tracks changes in a special web map showing the state of fire danger in the forest based on the daily calculation of the fire hazard class under the current weather conditions. The analysis of data on forest types and frequency of fires proves that the calculations should include an increase in the natural fire hazard class concerning grass allotments in spring and autumn, as compared with summer. Changes in the weather conditions over time cause the map of a given area at a given point and time to change in accordance with the fire threats for these allotments. The developed interface for displaying the fire hazard data allows one to select the area under study and time range, as well as configure the data presentation template. The technological means used were the methods of Internet systems and geoportals producing geographic information, modern web technologies, libraries and services, including tools for dynamic representation of data of screen forms in web templates.
Smart analysis of agricultural land use with NDVI at Kuraginskoye agricultural experimental production facility
Authors: Erunova M G , Simakina A S , Yakubailik O E
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of a geospatial analysis of the NDVI distribution for the 2020 growing season for the territory of the Kuraginskoye Agricultural Experimental Production Facility, which is currently part of the Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences. A geospatial database of the Kuraginskoye Facility has been created, which stores an electronic map of fields and a time series of vegetation indices for each field for 2020. The initial data are cloudless satellite images of the PlanetScope constellation with a spatial resolution of 3 m. The average NDVI value was calculated for all fields of the Kuraginskoe farm using all available satellite data. For each field, graphs of the dependence of the distribution of the vegetation cover NDVI index for the vegetation period of 2020 were prepared and analyzed.
Influence of azoxymer bromide on the cellular composition of the spleen in experimental infection of T. spiralis
Authors: Zhdanova O B , Okulova I I , Rudneva O V , Makarova N A , Napisanova L A
Published: March 2021

The experiment used white mice, which were divided into 4 groups. The first group of mice was injected with a saline solution with 0.04 mg of Trichinella antigen obtained by the Magat method subcutaneously, the second group of mice was injected with azoxymer bromide (polyoxidonium) at a dose of 0.004 mg/mouse, the third group was infected with Trichinella larvae without preliminary administration of drugs, group 4 served as a control. A week after the last injection of drugs, mice were infected with invasive Trichinella larvae at a dose of 40 larvae/animal. Evaluation of the protective properties of polyoxidonium in laboratory models was carried out by determining the intensity of invasion in studies of all muscle groups of the animal by the method of peptolysis and histological material to assess the cellular composition of the spleen. The protective effectiveness of polyoxidonium was 99.43%. The rearrangement of the structure of the spleen under the influence of an immunostimulant indicated a high degree of reactivity of the spleen of animals in response to the introduction of polyoxidonium (the ratio of red and white pulp and their cellular composition changes).
Mutations linked with the inherited anomalies in the Russian Aberdeen Angus sires
Authors: Konovalova E N , Romanenkova O S , Volkova V V
Published: March 2021

The purpose of research was to estimate of the gene load caused by the harmful mutations linked with the hereditary abnormalities of Aberdeen Angus cattle breed located in Russia. The object was the sires (n=3960) of five Russian populations which have been genotyped on AM, OS, DD and M1 genetic defects by previously created techniques. The genotyping showed the existence of AMC-, OSC-, DDC- and M1C-individuals among the investigated groups. The AMC-bulls have been revealed in four groups with the frequencies of 1.1-4.9%, the DDC- in all investigated livestock at 1.8-10.4%, the OSC- - in the two groups with 0.1 and 1.0% and the M1C- - in one population with 1.9%. We have also tracked the raising of AMC- and DDC-individuals in the later generations of two sire bull populations. In population No. 1 the AMC- and DDC-individuals frequencies have raised on 1.1 and 8.3%, respectively. In population No. 2 these differences were 2.2 and 2.7%. The monitoring of the genetic anomalies distribution in period 2013-2019 has shown the stabile percent of AMC, OSC, and M1-bulls, but for the DD genetic defects the growth tendency has been watched (from the absence in 2013 to 10.4% in 2019).
Investigation of the soil cover ecological state under the different geomorphological elements conditions
Authors: Batrachenko E A , Dolgopolova N V , Dudkina T A
Published: March 2021

The soil is the result of the interaction of a complex of soil-forming factors. In the process of agricultural use, anthropogenic impacts on the soil lead to its significant properties, increase the degradation of its potential and effective fertility, which affects the growth of dehumification, overconsolidation, decalcification and loss of structure. In addition, the agrogenic impact is augmented by climatic conditions and the specifics of the geomorphological structure of the territory. The high degree of plowing of the territory of the Kursk region and the differentiated relief have led to the development of intense erosion processes, which lead to a decrease in the productivity of agricultural landscapes. It is necessary to study in detail the regional specificity of the ecological state of the soil cover under the conditions of different geomorphological elements in order to distinguish between the natural degradation of slope soils and their agrogenic transformation.
Biological and acid leaching of low-grade sulfide concentrate containing Cu and Ni at different temperatures
Authors: Yanishevskaya E S , Melamud V S , Bulaev A G
Published: March 2021

In this study, the bioleaching of low-grade nickel-copper concentrate was carried out using the nutrient medium containing yeast extract (YE) at temperature range of from 40 to 60°C in order to study the dependence of biooxidation rate and Cu and Ni extraction levels on the temperature and the presence of organic compounds. Mixed culture of the strains Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans, Acidithiobacillus caldus, and Acidiplasma sp., moderately-thermophilic acidophiles, which oxidize sulfide minerals, was used in the experiments. Temperature and organic carbon source were shown to affect bioleaching. At 40−50°C, the influence of YE addition was insignificant. At 55 and 60°C bioleaching depended on YE presence. Nevertheless, microbial activity affected mainly iron leaching and allowed maintaining comparatively low pH of medium. Both Cu and Ni extraction rates almost was not affected by biooxidation activity. Thus, the leaching of the base metals form the concentrate was mainly determined by abiotic factors (acidity and temperature). Regardless of this fact, bioleaching may play a significant role for processing of similar sulfide concentrates, since to maintain favourable pH, abiotic acid leaching could require a large amounts of H2SO4, while biooxidation provides sulfuric acid generation.
Analyzing effects of dust from mining enterprises on the environment
Authors: Murzin M A , Gorlenko N V
Published: March 2021

The relevance of research is due to the widespread intensification of mining processes in the territory of the Irkutsk Region and our country. The issue of assessing the negative impact on the environment is primarily due to the limitations of individual methods, which give only a partial and concise insight into the actual state of violations. The assessment procedure consists of the primary determination of the causes and sources of dust emissions, followed by the identification of areas of dust distribution during mining and zoning. In our case, we used the method for estimating the index of air pollution using dust fraction indicators, assessing the dust load on the main employees of mining enterprises, and by means of economic assessment of environmental damage. As a result of the atmosphere pollution index estimation, it was established that the total value of pollution from dust was higher than the “average” indicator. The research results prove the special effect of dust in environmental pollution. The damage from dust emissions is caused to all components of the environment on large areas, including human health.
Separate and combined influence of Origanum
vulgare and Thymus serpyllum phytoextracts at the rye grain bioactivation
Authors: Lesovskaya M I , Babaeva K A
Published: March 2021

The Thymus and Origanum extracts were obtained at different temperature, separate and combined biological effects of them were investigated. There were shown the influence of this substances at the rye grain bioactivation taking into account their antioxidant and membrane-protective properties. The antioxidant activity of Thymus extracts, but not Origanum, directly depended on the temperature of extraction (30 or 80°C). When “hot” Thymus extract (80°C) used the reduction degree of chemiluminescence was 3…6 times higher than in the control and 2…3 times higher than the oregano extracts used. The results are in good agreement with the data on the assessment of extracts membrane-protective activity. Under the influence of individual preparations of Thymus, as well as the combined preparation of Thymus+Origanum (1:1), the osmotic resistance of the liposomal suspension increased. Under using combined phytoextracts of oregano and thyme (1: 2; 2: 1; 1: 1), the dynamics and energy of germination exceeded the control level significantly. The best result was observed at a 1:1 ratio, when the number of germinated seeds was more then in control by 4 times by the 12th hour of exposure, and the optimal length of germinated seeds was formed by the 10th hour. Thus, using of the combined preparation of thyme + oregano (1: 1) allows to halve the longest stage of plant raw materials preparation for obtaining a multi-grain flourless bakery product.
Determination of CAST gene polymorphism in sheep of the Volgograd breed
Authors: Kolosov Yu A , Gorlov I F , Kolosov A Yu , Shirokova N V , Kulikova A Ya , Kolosova M A , Slozhenkina M I , Vorontsova E S , Kolosova N N
Published: March 2021

The scientific publication presents the results of studies of CAST polymorphism in sheep of the Volgograd breed. Against the background of the limited application of the results of genetic studies when working with the Volgograd breed, the search for polymorphic variants of the calpastatin gene, which is a potential marker of meat quality during maturation after slaughter, and also, according to some data, the live weight of sheep, is an urgent task. Calpastatin is an enzyme belonging to the calpain family of enzymes. CAST gene polymorphism was determined by PCR-RFLP analysis. To carry out molecular genetic studies in sheep of the Volgograd breed (n = 131), tissue samples were taken from the auricle with an area of 1 cm2 (ear pinches). In sheep of the Volgograd breed, the presence of two genotypes MM, MN was established with a frequency of 88 and 12%, respectively. The M allele and the homozygous MM genotype had the highest frequency. The analysis of the materials obtained as a result of the control slaughter shows that the Volgograd sheep of the MN/CAST genotype exceeded their peers with the MM/CAST genotypes by 3.7 kg in pre-slaughter weight. The presence of variability at these loci provides a basis for controlling meat productivity in sheep of the Volgograd sheep population, therefore, in breeding farms, monitoring of polymorphism and selection for the calpastatin gene should be carried out.
Management of home garden in formal and informal settlement along riparian Ciliwung river in Bogor
Authors: Kharisma D , Kaswanto
Published: March 2021

A lot of land-use conversion occur from open land areas to built-up areas, such as riparian that have been converted into settlement areas. The riparian is a buffer zone between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, which means that the riparian has many environmental roles. However, its ecological function and existence continue to be degraded due to settlement activities. The presence of settlements in the riparian cannot be simply eliminated; therefore an ecological approach is needed so that the presence of settlements does not always have a negative impact for the river. This approach can be seen through the management of Green Open Space (GOS) in the riparian area, ecologically GOS has many benefits in improving the quality of the riparian environment, and the GOS closest to the settlement is the home garden. This research was conducted in two types of settlements, namely Formal and Informal settlements, which are in the three riparian segments of the Bogor City Siliwung River, namely the upper, middle, and lower part. The purpose of this study is to analyzing the characteristics of the home garden in formal and informal settlements in the riparian area of the Ciliwung River in the City of Bogor, knowing the community’s perception of the existence of the home garden affecting the sustainability of the Ciliwung River and the results of this research is to provide recommendations for proper and sustainable home garden management in the Ciliwung River in Bogor Municipality.
Postharvest physiological deterioration in cassava: potential problems, possible inhibition, and resistant level identification
Authors: Rahmawati R S , Sukma D , Ardie S W , Sudarsono S
Published: March 2021

Cassava roots can only be utilized quickly because the roots suffer physiological damage in only 1–3 days after harvest because of postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD). Once the cassava roots are physiologically damaged, they cannot either be consumed or marketed. Indonesia is the second-largest cassava producer in Southeast Asia that is most used for food and feeds. Unless there is a solution, the PPD problem may become the main obstacle in cassava production. Therefore, finding solutions to the PPD problem in cassava is necessary, may be approached either by treatment to inhibit PPD occurrences, identification of tolerance accessions among cassava germplasm, and development of PPD tolerance cassava through breeding programs. In our research, the identification method was done by applying various staining methods to detect color changes associated with PPD symptoms during the cassava storage period and then compared to the conventional observation of PPD symptoms. Subsequently, the effective staining approaches are used to evaluate various genotypes’ responses in the cassava germplasm collections. Finally, the breeding approaches to develop PPD tolerance cassava varieties are outlined. Hopefully, with these research results, the solution for PPD problems associated with cassava production in Indonesia will be available.
Quantitative assessment of mosaic disease severity based on digital image processing
Authors: Hasan A , Widodo  , Mutaqin K H , Hidayat S H , Taufik M
Published: March 2021

Quantitative assessment of plant diseases can be done relatively quickly and practically, especially when applying digital image processing. This paper discusses digital image potential for assessing mosaic symptoms caused by the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Chili plants (Capsicum annuum L.) were grown in pots and subjected to two treatments, i.e., non-inoculated (V0) and TMV inoculated (V1). Plant image recording using a Canon 750D camera with a kit lens was done once a week, starting when the mosaic symptoms are first visible, i.e., in the second-week post-inoculation. Recorded images in RAW format were first converted to TIFF, then subjected to further analysis using image processing applications, namely GIMP 2.8 and Fiji-ImageJ. Differences in the RGB profile of leaves given V0 and V1 treatment was observed. Non-inoculated leaves (V0) have a dark green color pattern, while TMV inoculated leaves (V1) tend to have a mixed color pattern of dark green and bright green. In general, this indicates a decrease in chloroplast’s ability to absorb light in diseased leaves, reducing the photosynthesis level. This preliminary experiment shows digital image processing’s potential for estimating the severity of mosaic disease with a high degree of accuracy and precision.
Effect of soybean leaf trichomes on the preference of various soybean pests on field
Authors: Faiz M F , Hidayat P , Winasa I W , Guntoro D
Published: March 2021

Trichomes as morphological characteristics of soybean plants can affect the behaviour of some insect pests. Insect behaviour can be affected positively, negatively, or neutral by trichomes character depending on the insect species. This research is aiming to know the effect of soybean leaf trichome density on various species of soybean pest population dynamics using five local varieties from Indonesia (‘Anjasmoro’, ‘Argomulyo’, ‘Dena-1’, ‘Grobogan’, and ‘Devon-1’). In this research, the pest population on the field was observed by active observation method on the five different soybean varieties every once a week that also treated with corn plant and Crotalaria juncea around plots as barrier plant and refugia plant (with and without barrier plant). The result indicates that a higher number of abaxial leaves trichome density has a negative effect on Empoasca sp. population, which is the opposite of the effect known given to Bemisia tabaci. The leaf trichome density does not have a distinctive impact on aphid, herbivorous orthopteran, and various lepidopteran foliage-feeders founded on the field. This research result may provide information related to additional alternatives for pest management using plant physical traits to enhance plant resistance and encouraging the use of integrated pest management.
Application of Cu and Zn to improve the growth of maize and sorghum in high-pH soils
Authors: Knaofmone Elfrida , Suwardi  , Sumawinata B , Djajakirana G
Published: March 2021

One of the constraints for crop cultivation at high-pH soil is the low content of micronutrients, especially Cu and Zn, such as in East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) Province with dry climatic conditions, hilly topography, and parent material of limestone. In such land conditions, the ENT community used widely for the cultivation of maize and sorghum crops. Besides of water availability, the main obstacle for growing crops is the low availability of micronutrients such as Cu and Zn, which induces plants can not produce grow optimally. To solve this problem, plants need to be applied fertilizer of Cu and Zn through soils or leaves. This study aimed was to determine the effect of Cu and Zn micronutrients on the growth of maize and sorghum as well as the contents of macro-and micronutrients in plants. Copper and Zn micronutrients are applied in the form of EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid) and sulfate compounds, which spread through the soils and sprayed through the leaves. Plant growth was observed five weeks after planting, and leaf analysis was carried out after cutting five weeks after planting (WAP). The results showed that application of Cu and Zn tended to increase the growth parameters of maize and sorghum increased the macronutrients of N and P in maize and N, Ca and Mg in sorghum plants. There are no different effects of micronutrients in the form of EDTA and sulfate compounds. The application of micronutrients is more effective by foliar application than application through the soil.
A New Efficient Rectifier Circuit Based on Nonlinear Inductance Impedance Conversion
Authors: Hou Yunhai , Zhang Yumo , Yao Qingchao
Published: March 2021

The conventional capacitor filter bridge rectifier circuit has the characteristics which the input current is discontinuous, peaked and contains high-order harmonics. A new nonlinear inductance impedance transformation circuit is presented based on the the characteristics of general rectifier circuit in this paper. Before being used in capacitance filter of the general bridge rectifier and it ensures that when the power voltage is lower than that of rectifier the value of nonlinear resistance will vary with the voltage to check the dead area range for input current and decrease harmonics. It improves the character of power factor, and is important to energy saving.
Optimization of impacts parameters on the equipment of electrical networks during operation according to the technical condition
Authors: Levin V M , Guzhov N P , Chernenko N A , Cheganova N F
Published: March 2021

Scheduled operation of power grid facilities is regulated by the relevant regulations based on a system of scheduled preventive maintenance. Maintenance and repair (M&R) of power grid facilities due to their technical condition increases demands for planning methods and models. In these conditions, the goals of the M&R management are aimed at improving the efficiency of the operation of electrical networks. They differ depending on the purpose and form of ownership of the latter. The article suggests a combined approach to planning maintenance of electrical networks using strategy depending on their technical condition based on optimization of impact parameters such as frequency and labor intensity under specified constraints and variability of management goals. To implement the proposed planning procedure, the authors developed and verified models of process maps. Each of them represents a local database including the information about the composition and complexity of operations, depending on the type of equipment and the type of corrective actions. In addition, a set of operational algorithms, that solve the issues of process automation in the maintenance system of electrical network equipment, has been developed. The analysis and discussion of the developed models and algorithms are carried out on a specific example illustrating the possibilities of improving the efficiency of equipment operation in the electrical networks on the oil fields.
Study of toxic impact of fly ash bearing construction materials on aquatic organisms
Authors: Goncharova E N , Lebedev M S , Vasilenko M I , Kozhukhova N I
Published: March 2021

The article studies the toxicological characteristics and behavior of geopolymer samples GB-1 and GB-2 based on fly ash from thermal power plants. Cement paste also was used to provide comprehensive comparative analysis. Aerated tap water was used as a reference medium. The toxicity of the studied materials was determined by applying standard biotesting methods using such aquatic organisms as Scenedesmus
quadricauda microalgae and cladocerans Daphnia magna. Based on the obtained experimental and analytical data, it was found that the most favorable environment for algae is sample GB-2. Different behavior is observed in crustaceans. In this case, the most favorable medium for acute and chronic toxicity is a cement paste. The highest toxic effect is observed in the GB-1 sample medium vs. the others studied samples for all considered parameters of toxicity, including chronic one: the decrease in the concentration of algae is 30-35 %; the death of daphnia is 50-80 %. Chronic toxicity, which was determined by the value of the total fertility of daphnia in GB-1 medium, is 5-18 times less compared to the Reference sample.
Logistic and mathematical model of application efficiency liquefied natural gas
Authors: Medvedeva O N , Perevalov S D
Published: March 2021

Today, natural gas, with certain advantages over other fossil fuels, is one of the main energy resources for various industries and housing and communal services. As a rule, when choosing a gas transportation method for different categories of consumers, several options are considered depending on the mutual removal of the source and the consumer – construction of a gas pipeline or the creation of a liquefied gas infrastructure. Analysis of energy supply problems in some constituent entities of the Russian Federation showed that a reasonable choice of technological parameters of a gas distribution system based on liquefied natural gas (LNG) is an urgent task that requires preliminary modeling. The paper proposes a solution to a particular problem of supplying consumers with liquefied natural gas, a logistic model for the optimal functioning of the system for the complex: LNG plant – a consumer. Based on the results of calculations for the conditions of the Republic of Karelia, recommendations are proposed for the optimal location of the source (LNG plant) and optimization of the transport component.
Simulation of the hydrodynamics in polymerizers based on the CFD model for the synthesis of rubbers and plastics using the method of the solution polymerization
Authors: Antonova I O , Dmitricheva R R , Manuyko G V , Aminova G A , Bronskaya V V , Kharitonova O S , Gimaltynov A T , Ignashina T V , Balsamov D S
Published: March 2021

Mixing in a viscous medium, such as in polymerization processes, is worth noting. To control the polymerization process for improving the product quality, it is important to understand the mixing process. Also, it is essential to understand the flow behaviour in the stirred-tank reactor for the equipment design and from the point of view of the large-scale transition of the process. Local and general characteristics of mixing in the reactor are related to the design and selected speed of the agitator. 3D-modeling of the flow in the cylindrical reactor with the paddle stirrer was carried out using the potential of a supercomputer. Numerical results showed good consistency with experimental results and correlation developed by other researchers. To determine the best mode of introduction into the paddle space of the stirrer, two efficiency criteria were used: with respect to power and mixing time.
Development of stitching jigs for sleeve button placket and sleeve buttonhole placket in men’s formal shirt
Authors: Vijay Kirubakar Raj Dr. D. , Renuka Devi Dr. M.
Published: March 2021

The operations in assembling garment from their components, requires lot of energy and skill for the sewing operators. One of such operation is sleeve placket attachment in the construction of men’s formal shirt. Currently, the apparel technologists are working in inventing new jigs for the operations involved such construction both to lower the level of operator skill required and to increase the level of automation possible. However the development of jigs for operations like sleeve placket attachment are difficult to achieve. This work is an attempt to develop two stitching jigs for use in stitching together the components of the sleeve.
Parameteric estimation in doppler’s effect forecasts
Authors: Tamboli Dr Asif , Patil Dr Prakash , Gautam Dr Amol , Mohite Dr Amol , Kumbhar Dr R R
Published: March 2021

In present study, we have attempted the Umbilical artery evaluation which will further help us to recognize the high risk IUGR cases by the AEDV or the REDV. Objective of this paper is to estimate the utility of the umbilical artery including mid cerebral artery (MCA) parameters in Doppler’s effect forecasts of perinatal negative effects in medically diagnosed IUGR pregnancies. PI of MCA was studied in all our 50 cases. It is found that PI of MCA had the sensitivity of 87.5% & the low specificity of 46% in forecasting negative perinatal outcomes. In this study it is observed that in contrast to 88% in UA-PI and 66% in MCA-PI, the diagnostic precision of the MCA / UATPI ratio (90 per cent) was higher when taken separately.
Comparative studies on strength properties of flyash based geopolymer concrete incorporating ggbs and alccofine subjected to elevated temperature
Authors: Chandrakanth V , Koniki Srikanth
Published: March 2021

Geopolymer concrete is a novel material trying to be implemented in the construction field. Efforts being made by the researchers to unfurl the advantages and application of Geopolymer concrete in engineering fields. Geopolymer concrete does not require cement in making and utilizes industrial waste products. Hence replacing the OPC concrete by GPC, we not only reduce the pollution caused by manufacturing cement, but also use calcium, silica and alumina rich industrial waste. It is important to study the performance of GPC subjected to elevated temperature before considering it for structures like industrial buildings, complexes which are vulnerable to fire accidents. Present study investigates the properties like compressive strength, weight loss/gain, and Thermal energy absorption for GPC subjected to elevated temperature from 1000C, 2000C, 4000C, 6000C and 8000C for exposure time of 1hour and 2hours. We compare these properties of GPCs, one made using Flyash and GGBS as binders named FGGPC and the other using Flyash and Alccofine 1203 named FAGPC. From the results we found that strength of GPC increases with the rise in temperature up to 2000C and then rapidly decreases with further rise in temperature. Use of FAGPC is advantageous than using FGGPC on field vulnerable to fire.
Multiferroic Bismuth ferrite nanocomposites as a potential photovoltaic material
Authors: Niloy Naimur R. , Chowdhury M.I. , Shanto M.A.H. , Islam J. , Rhaman M.M.
Published: March 2021

Bismuth ferrite (BFO) is one of the few materials which is multiferroic (antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric) at 25°C. In this work, we synthesized multiferroic BFO via sol-gel method and observed its structural and optical properties. While synthesizing BFO, the annealing temperature was at 550°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis exhibited a rhombohedral crystal structure. Rietveld refinement via MAUD software has been employed to obtain the structural parameters of BFO. Williamson-Hall (W-H) plot method is used to analyze the XRD data. We obtained crystallite size of 37.61 nm through W-H plot analysis. Using the crystallographic information file, we measured the bond angle and bond length of BFO nanoparticles. BFO nanoparticles with both uniform distribution and spherical shape was observed in Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The average particle size of 157 nm was measured from FESEM analysis. The atomic % of Bismuth (Bi), Oxygen (O) and Iron (Fe) elements in BFO was obtained from Energy dispersive spectroscopy. The optical bandgap energy (Eg) of BFO was calculated using UV-Vis-NIR, and we found the bandgap energy of 2.04 eV for BFO annealed at 550°C. This bandgap energy makes BFO a potential photovoltaic material.
Experimental study on metakaolin & nano alumina based concrete
Authors: Ashok Kunchala , Kameswara Rao B , Sarath Chandra Kumar B
Published: March 2021

The experimental work carries around the impact of investigation of Nano Particle like Nano Alumina (NA) and further more one of the beneficial cementitious (pozzolanic) material in cement to improve the mechanical properties of the concrete. Nano Particle and pozzolanic material is partially replaced by the weight of cementitious material into concrete. The experimental work examine was done on Nano replaced concrete were cured for 28, 56 and 90 days of water for various concrete mixes like M30, M40 and M50 to calibrate the mechanical properties of concrete like compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength of concrete and also Non Destructive tests like UPV and Rebound hammer test on the hardened concrete. The workability and mechanical properties were also studied for the conventional and Nano replaced Concrete. Based on the experimental test results obtained the influence of Nano particle in concrete can be examined in both fresh and hardened state.
Refining Concrete’s micro-structure by enzymatically-induced carbonate precipitation through urease activity of bacteria
Authors: Srinivasa Reddy V , Sasikala Ch , Shrihari S
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the mechanism of improving the microstructure of concrete by enzymatically-induced carbonate precipitation through urease activity of bacteria Sporosarcina pasteurii. This calcium carbonate or calcite crystal precipitated during the biological activity fills the pores in the concrete imparting the concrete the dense microstructure. The presence of 105 per milliliter of mixing water yields high compressive strength due to precipitation of highest amount of calcium crystals in the concrete pores thereby plugging the micro and macro pores in the concrete refining the micro-structure of the concrete. SEM images, XRD plots and thermo-gravimetric analysis confirmed the presence of calcite mineral in the bacterial mortar specimens. The presence of spores of Sporosarcina pasteurii in the bacterial mortar specimens of 365 days old are found through phase contrast microscopic images. This confirms the sporulation ability of bacteria Sporosarcina pasteurii. Concrete specimens induced with bacteria showed considerably less water absorption capacity compared to normal specimens. This decrease in water absorption capacity of bacteria induced concretes is credited to the reduction of pores in the concrete due to calcite mineral precipitation filling the pores reducing the typical pore radius of concrete. Average pore diameter in bacteria incorporated concrete decreases drastically due to calcite mineral precipitation in the pores because of microbial metabolic activity. The total pore volume also decreased in case of bacteria incorporated concrete samples.
Utilization of industrial wastes in the production of sulfate-resistant cement
Authors: Mukhamedbaeva Z A , Chorieva I A , Kurbanov E I , Adinaev Kh A
Published: March 2021

In connection with the possibility of creating, on the basis of secondary raw materials and wastes of industrial enterprises, the production of new building materials of increased resistance in aggressive environments, there is a further need for systematic research and their use in the production of Portland cement. In this regard, the tailings of concentration of ferrous and non-ferrous metals are promising in terms of the content and reserves of useful components in comparison with the dump deposits of mining enterprises. At the concentration plants of Almalyk Mining And Metallurgical Complex, tens of millions of tons of “tailings”, formed during the enrichment of lead and copper-bearing ores and rich in Al2O3, Fe2O3, etc. are thrown into dumps annually, which are valuable components for the production of cement. The article presents the results of research on topical problems of the use of tailings from the lead concentration and copper smelting factories of the AMMC in the production of sulfate-resistant Portland cement as an active mineral additive. The influence of mineralogical compositions of clinkers of cement plants in Uzbekistan on the phase composition and properties of the obtained sulfate-resistant cement in the presence of lead-copper active mineral additives is analyzed. It is shown that additives play an important role in forming the structure of a cement stone and increasing its strength. Acceleration of the process of hydration and hardening of sulfate-resistant cement is observed from a change in the mineralogical composition towards a decrease in the content of tricalcium aluminate and a decrease in the basicity of clinker due to high-silica waste, which meets the requirements for sulfate-resistant cements.
Performance studies on limestone calcined clay based concrete
Authors: Almas K , Chandra Mohan Rao B D V , Yadav Maganti Janardhan , Swamy Naga Ratna Giri P
Published: March 2021

In the construction field, lot of improvement in sustainable development is going on from last few decades, mainly use of pozzolanic materials are increasing day by day for the production of cement. On the other hand a lot of anthropogenic CO2 gas is liberating in to atmosphere while manufacturing cement. To alter the emission of CO2, use of alternative cementious materials is one of the best practices like fly ash, rice husk ash, GGBS and Metakaolin. Due to the use of such materials there is a lag in early strength development in concrete. Hence there is need to develop a substitute material for cement without negotiating in properties. In the present paper Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) as an alternative to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is examined for strength and durability and the results are compared with Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) for M 50 grade of concrete. From results it is found that the use of LC3 concrete is beneficial in terms of strength and durability.
Advancement in friction stir processing on magnesium alloys
Authors: Zulkfli Z , Fatchurrohman N
Published: March 2021

This review paper gathers information on the current trend of friction stir processing (FSP) that had been utilized to alter the surface metal that offers greater properties on magnesium alloys. However, inconsistent results due to changing parameters and different pin profile designs used previously was a challenge in this process. Hereby, discussing on FSP parameters, tool properties and impacts on magnesium (Mg) alloys to improvise the process. Rotational speed and traverse speed were set beforehand. Tool was plunged onto the material and moved in the traverse direction along certain length. The microstructure and microhardness properties of FSPed material were observed. AZ series of magnesium alloys mostly used in FSP. Most significant review was that the fixed rotational speed and feed rate made the grains became coarser. Finer grains were found when rotational speed was constant while feed rate increases. The higher the traverse speed, the higher the hardness of specimens. Setting up rotational speeds in between (900-1400) rpm could minimize defects effectively. Traverse speeds were set in between (25-40) mm/min to prevent pin holes and tunnel defects. Rotational speed affects the grain refinement level and the width of stirred zone while traverse speed influences the material flow rate.
An Overview of Knowledge Management in Early Childhood Education for Sustainable Education
Authors: Sarah Sukor Siti , Ali Zuraina
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a review of the current trends in Knowledge Management (KM) implementation for sustainable education. The review includes critical and analytical discussions on the extent of KM at early childhood education (ECE) level. The search of the papers that were included in the review used keywords strings that are related to KM at early childhood education through three (3) phases of review processes namely identification, screening and eligibility. Content analysis was employed as data analysis method. This paper presents some recommendations for future researchers to include three (3) critical components: team work, ICT and training in KM for education to achieve a comprehensive sustainable early childhood education.