bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth dynamics of the fruit of members of the Cucurbitaceae family
Authors: Buriev Khasan
Published: December 2023

In this article, the results of the research conducted to study the growth dynamics of the fruits of plants belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, the fruit growth took place along a simple sigmoid curve: at first, the size and weight of the fruit increased exponentially, then this process slowed down, and it was given with an in-depth scientific analysis. It was noted that the ratio of fruit formation and ripening periods was 1:2 in "Uzbeksky 740" and "Margelansky 822" varieties of cucumber, and that the period of fruit formation in "Uzbeksky 452" and "Kuzybay 30" watermelon varieties was slightly longer than its ripening period.
Issues of econometric modeling and forecasting of sustainable development of agribusiness subjects
Authors: Bekmirzayev Mirzoxid , Mirzatov Baxtiyor
Published: December 2023

In the scientific research conducted today, special attention is paid to the study of theoretical and methodological problems related to the sustainable economic development of agribusiness entities in developing countries and to the development of new approaches. In order to further increase the volume of production of agribusiness entities in Uzbekistan, special attention is being paid to attracting more farms to the sector and significantly expanding the participation of the private sector. This article describes the prospects for the development of agribusiness entities in the agriculture of our country, and the sustainable economic development of farms, which are considered its main and leading links.
Cultural, biochemical, and pathogenic properties of Escherichia coli isolated from birds
Authors: Tairov Jakhongir , Salimov Khait
Published: December 2023

The article presents data on the study of cultural-biochemical, tinctorial, biological, and antigenic properties of pathogenic Escherichia coli, isolated from the pathological material of chickens and chickens sick and dead from Escherichiosis, by conducting bacteriological and serological studies in some poultry farms in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Study of the relations of interspecies hybridization of the parental forms with plant height in f1, fb and f2, f3 compounds of per branch of the first harvest (hs)
Authors: Choriev A. , Sapaev I.B. , Toshpulatova M. , Shakarov Q.A.
Published: December 2023

Particular attention is paid to their genetic mechanisms during the interspecific hybridization using of G.hirsutum L. and G.barbadense L. species in the cotton plants. The study of the genetic foundations of chasmogamous and cleistogamous flower traits in solving the urgent problems facing the science of genetics and cotton breeding includes its technological processes, adaptation to the world standards, the actual problem of seed science, and basic solutions. In the interspecific hybridization of the parental forms, F1, Fb and F2, F3 compounds, the plant height and first branch of the crop (hs), fertile, resistant to various diseases, dominant specimens with a high predominance of fiber yield and fiber length, comb, gene collections and varieties are paid the main attention.
Exploring some possible impacts of climatic changes on viticulture
Authors: Sapaev J.B. , Fayziev J.N. , Supaeva A. , Sapaev I.B. , Nazaraliev D. , Turaeva G.S.
Published: December 2023

Viticulture is a significant economic value in numerous countries. Environment assumes an imperative part in the terroir of a given wine area, as it emphatically controls overhang microclimate, plant development, plant physiology, yield, and berry structure, which together decide wine ascribes and typicity. New difficulties are, nonetheless, anticipated to emerge from environmental change, as grapevine development is profoundly subject to climate and environmental conditions. Changes in viticultural reasonableness in the course of the last many years, for viticulture overall or the utilization of explicit assortments, have effectively been accounted for in some wine districts. Despite spatially heterogeneous effects, environmental change is expected to intensify these new patterns of reasonableness for wine creation. These movements might reshape the geological appropriation of wine districts, while wine typicity may likewise be compromised much of the time. Changing environments will subsequently encourage the execution of opportune, reasonable, and savvy transformation methodologies, which ought to likewise be arranged and tuned to nearby circumstances for a compelling gamble decrease. Although the capability of the different variation choices isn't yet completely explored, meriting further exploration exercises, their reception will be of most extreme pertinence to keep up with the financial and ecological supportability of the exceptional valuable viticulture and winemaking area in Europe.
The study of the stability of the movement of the frontal working bodies of the combined aggregate for sowing seeds of re-crops, depending on the depth of tillage
Authors: Primkulov Bekzod , Boboniyozov Ergash , Khudayorov Mukhiddin
Published: December 2023

This article theoretically investigates the stability of the movement of frontal working bodies for strip tillage of an energy-saving combined aggregate for sowing seeds of re-crops, depending on the depth of tillage.At the same time, a differential equation was compiled that describes the change in the working depth of tillage by the frontal working bodies of the aggregate.Based on the equation, the dependences of the change in the amplitude of the depth of tillage by the section of the working bodies of the combined aggregate and the stiffness of the pressure spring were studied.
Simulation of the lift of two sequentially installed gates of the Karkidon reservoir
Authors: Juraev Xurshidbek , Chulponov Olimjon
Published: December 2023

The article considers the condition for the deflection of the gates of the water supply systems of the Karkidon reservoir, due to the turbulent current. The method of hydraulic calculation of conduits, locks with two successively installed gates is presented. The conditions providing satisfactory hydraulic conditions behind the gates of water galleries are investigated, with the aim of ensuring the safe operation of hydro systems of reservoirs. As you know, as a result, closing the upper gate on the lower gate II creates additional resistance. This is a resistance that gradually decreases as it opens. The pressure is divided between both gates, and the hydraulic regime behind each of them is improved compared to the regime with one gate with the same pressure. Analytical formulas are given that determine the value of the pressure behind the first gate and the condition for the equality of pressures behind both gates. The methods proposed by a number of theoretical and experimental works of other authors, as practice shows, are not very effective, the main shortcomings of these works were identified: an increase in the length of the gate section, since the gates must be located at a considerable distance from each other; high requirements for the control system of the gates, since when the stroke of the gates deviates from the selected mode, the pressure is redistributed between them, and the hydraulic conditions behind one of them deteriorate sharply. Therefore, our proposed simulation of the rise of two successively installed gates of the Karkidon reservoir is practical.
Investigation of dynamic behavior and stress-strain state of soil dams taking into account physically Non-linear properties of soils
Authors: Kholboev Zokirjon , Matkarimov Pakhridin , Mirzamakhmudov Abdurasul
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the dynamic behavior and stress-strain state of the Rezaksay soil dam taking into account the physically nonlinear properties of soils, in a flat setting. A mathematical model developed for the study of earth dams is presented. based on the Lagrange variational equation using the d'Alembert principle. As a computing device, the finite element method is used in the work. At the same time, it was determined that the stress-strain state and dynamic behavior of a soil dam significantly depend on the physical and mechanical properties of soils, the commensurability of the geometric dimensions, and theslope coefficients of the dam thrust prisms.
Turbulent flow out of a convex curve in a channel using the SST turbulence model
Authors: O‘tbosarov Shuhratjon , Xudaykulov Savet , Madaliev Murodil , Muminov Oybek
Published: December 2023

The paper presents the results of the SST turbulence model in the Comsol Multiphysics software package for problems of convex boundary layer curvature, which are presented in the NASA database. In this work, the finite element method is used for the numerical implementation of the turbulence equations. To stabilize the discretized equations, Galerkin least squares (GLS) stabilization and crosswind propagation stabilization were used. The results obtained are compared with the results of experimental data.
Hydraulic calculation of filtration system in drip irrigation
Authors: Ishanxodjayev Akromxodja , Оtakhanov Maqsud , Samiev Luqmon , Abduraimova Dilbar , Jalilov Sirojiddin
Published: December 2023

It is known that water filtration devices are used to increase the efficiency of the drip irrigation system on a large scale. Currently, there are various types of filtering devices, the main purpose of which is to reduce the amount of turbidity in water. In Uzbekistan, vertical and horizontal filters made according to Turkish and Chinese technologies are used. When designing drip irrigation systems, it is necessary to perform a hydraulic calculation. At when performing a hydraulic calculation, it is necessary to calculate the pressure loss in the filtration system and base the pumping unit on this basis. This article presents the results of studies of a vertical filtration device manufactured using Turkish technology. The studies were carried out in natural field conditions, in a filtration system installed in the field of the farm of Ashurov Azizbek Ganievich, located in the Kasbi district of the Kashkadarya region. The filtration system consists of 4 parts and describes studies to determine the coefficient of resistance hydraulic calculation. The studies were conducted in 3 variants. It has been established that the magnitude of pressure losses in the filtration system varies from 2.7 m to 9m. It has been established that the resistance coefficient of the filtration system varies from 61.9 to 247.1 in option 1, from 32.1 to 229.5 in option 2 and from 32.5 to 218.5 in option 3. As a result of the research, a method was developed for determining the resistance coefficient required for the hydraulic calculation of this filter system. A formula for calculating the pressure loss in the filtration room is recommended system.
Mitigating groundwater rise in Fergana city: A comprehensive analysis and drainage strategy
Authors: Madraximov Mamadali , Abdulkhaev Zokhidjon , Qosimov Abbosjon , Sirojiddinov Doniyor , Sattorov Abdusalom , Arifjanov Aybek
Published: December 2023

This article analyzes the problems of raising groundwater in the city of Fergana and their impact on buildings, structures and utilities. The hydrogeological state of the area was studied, a drainage scheme was selected depending on the geodetic height and the location of buildings and structures on the site, in other words, a general plan of the site was developed. Hydrogeological calculations determined the flow rates of drainage water and depression lines. Hydraulic calculations are based on water permeability, water velocity, pipe diameter and slope. Hydraulic calculations of closed horizontal drains to lower the groundwater level were performed. The Bernoulli equation was constructed for a siphon pipe, and the vacuum at the highest point was determined by applying the continuity equation to this equation. The maximum height of the siphon was found using the given equations.
Comparison of the results of applying the turbulence model VT−92 and two-fluid model to the problem of a subsonic axisymmetric jet
Authors: Ibrokhimov Abdulfatto , Mirzoev Akmal , Misirov Shirazi , Matkarimov Abdurashid , Djumaev Khikmatilla
Published: December 2023

This article studies an axisymmetric subsonic jet based on modern turbulence models. This task, despite its simplicity, is a rather complex problem for modeling turbulence. Therefore, many modern RANS models are not able to even qualitatively describe such problems. A comparative analysis of the turbulence models νt−92 and the two-fluid model for a submerged axisymmetric subsonic jet is carried out. For the numerical implementation of the problem, an implicit scheme was used. Comparative analysis was carried out for axial velocity, longitudinal velocity, transverse velocity and for turbulent stress. The obtained numerical results are compared with the results of NASA experimental data. It is shown that the two-fluid turbulence model more accurately describes turbulent flow than the turbulence model of the νt−92 model.
Research of the application of blockchain and smart contract technologies in spectrum management and trading in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Reypnazarov Ernazar , Khujamatov Halimjon , Das Debasis , Khasanov Doston , Nurullaev Elaman , Babazhanova Tazakhan
Published: December 2023

The rapid growth of wireless communication technologies has led to an exponential increase in the demand for spectrum resources. Spectrum management, the process of allocation and control of limited radio frequency spectrum, is critical to the efficient and equitable distribution of this scarce resource. However, traditional methods of spectrum management face many problems, including inefficiency, lack of transparency and proneness to fraud. In recent years, blockchain technology has emerged as a potential solution to these problems. The emergence of smart contracts using blockchain technology has the potential to revolutionize spectrum trading and improve spectrum management practices. This paper explores the application of blockchain in spectrum management and discusses its potential to revolutionize the way spectrum resources are allocated and managed. Also, the concept of smart contracts and their application in spectrum trading are studied. It discusses the benefits of using smart contracts for transparent and efficient spectrum transactions, implementation challenges, and potential solutions. Through the use of smart contracts, a secure and decentralized market for spectrum resources can be created, facilitating dynamic and flexible allocation of spectrum.
Development of new interactive methods suitable for teaching semiconductor relays
Authors: Abdullayeva Mukhtasarkhon
Published: December 2023

In this article, the issues of improving the quality of education require special attention in all countries of the world, the problems arising in this regard are noted. The article says that there are different approaches to teaching in educational processes, it is necessary to completely abandon traditional approaches or to integrate these approaches with innovative, modern approaches. According to this, proposals were made for modern students to use exactly the methods of teaching suitable for them. This article is written based on existing pedagogical technologies and interactive teaching methods that serve to improve the quality of education and are more suitable for teaching students, and a proposal is made to create new interactive methods suitable for teaching technical sciences.
Experimental and statistical methods for studying the modes of electric power systems under conditions of uncertainty
Authors: Turdibekov Kamolbek , Sulliev Absaid , Iskandarova Oygul , Boboqulov Javohir
Published: December 2023

The issues of mathematical modeling of the modes of electric power systems in conditions of inhomogeneities such as time drift of the main indicators are considered. In conditions of incomplete knowledge of the mechanism of phenomena, mathematical modeling was carried out by experimental and statistical methods, namely: experiment planning was used.
The effect of heat losses and heat transfer coefficient on the efficiency of the solar air heater collector
Authors: Abdukarimov Bekzod , Toxirov Muxammadrafiq , Boynazarov Bekzod , Obidov Jamshid , Tillaboyeva Farangiz
Published: December 2023

In this Article developed the heat balance equations for a solar air heater with a concave air pipe absorber, calculating the heat wastes lost from the barrier structures of the device. In addition, a special emphasis is placed on the issues of optimal placement of concave air pipes, optimal distances are selected between the air pipes. Issues of increasing its heat giving capacity are solved by the shading placement of concave air pipes. The result is an increase in the performance of the device by increasing the coefficient of heat transfer of the solar air heater collector with a concave air pipe absorber. To do this, the movement of concave tube absorbers with different geometric arrangements was studied. Also in this article, a heat balance equation was developed to determine the optimal geometric location of air pipes and the reliability of the results obtained was confirmed. According to the simulations carried out, the placement of a concave-tube in the form of a checkerboard on the surface of the absorber is calculated, perpendicular to the air flow, parallel to the air flow and in the form of a flat air pipe.
FAO as a tool of ecosystem entrepreneurship and its implementation in Ukraine
Authors: Sazonets Olga , Myskovets Nataliia
Published: December 2023

In the process of research, it was determined that the cooperation between Ukraine and FAO has a productive activity, in particular, in the formation of national legislation. It is developed together with the government, in particular with the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine, and other partners. We developed a special toolkit - a standardized interview questionnaire - for an empirical study of perspectives and strategic priorities in the formation of the FAO activity model and its implementation in Ukraine. In the process of researching enterprises, respondents in the form of managers responsible for ecosystem management were asked to determine the effectiveness of FAO's activities in the field of responsible ecosystem entrepreneurship in order to formalize the model of FAO's activities and its implementation in Ukraine. The answers of the respondents were processed using the developed method of mathematical filtering of the research results, which consists of three filtering blocks, which makes it possible to detect at the first stage the level of variability of the studied data using the mode and median of the studied series. At the second stage we determine the symmetry and sharpness of the distribution, using the calculation of asymmetry, standard deviation and kurtosis. At the third stage of data processing, based on the analysis of the Pearson correlation coefficient, the Fisher F-criterion, the Friedman test and the Kruskal-Wallis H-criterion, correlation-dispersion deviations are determined, which make it possible to exclude such respondent data with significant deviations from the recommendation part from the norm.
Analysis of the spatial structure of the city based on theoretical configuration models
Authors: Oliynyk Olena
Published: December 2023

The article examines spatial and architectural structure of the city. System analysis and spatial syntax were used as a scientifically based approach in the study, which allows to investigate the relationships between spatial planning and a number of social, economic and environmental phenomena. It was established that the spatial planning organization of the city center is a complete system consisting of two subsystems - spatial planning and volume-spatial. Spatial Syntax applies the concept of configuration in urban spaces to reveal social and behavioral patterns. It was established that the configuration of public spaces determines the nature of activities and potential directions of people's movement, and therefore, the use of public space, types of activities, directions of conservation and methods of environmental design. The author identified two types of theoretical configurational models of public space: a) centric; b) linear-axial; which, according to the principle of isomorphism, determine the pattern and relationships of public spaces in most cities. The legality of using space syntax and spatial analysis for the analysis of the architectural environment is confirmed.
Enhancing air transport confidence in data security management
Authors: Charernnit K.
Published: December 2023

In the modern landscape of air travel, the confidence of passengers in the security of their data is paramount. This study delves into the intricate realm of data security management within the air transport industry which aims to identify areas of improvement and provide recommendations to strengthen data security management within the air transport industry especially low-cost carriers in Thailand. The findings of this research will provide valuable insights into the current state of data security management in the air transport industry. The findings not only shed light on the current state of confidence but also offer insights into potential avenues for enhancing data security measures. As air travel continues to digitized, understanding managing data security is necessary in order to maintain a robust and reliable air transport industry.
Efficient technology of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete for use in monolithic construction
Authors: Akramov Khusnitdin , Yusupov Rakhimbay , Ergashov Jasurbek
Published: December 2023

The development and production of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete have been carried out on a large scale recently, driven by the efficiency of using basalt fibers as a micro-reinforcing additive in cement-based concretes. For the successful application of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete in monolithic construction, there must be an accessible and efficient technology for commonly used concrete compositions. This paper presents the results of an analysis of foreign literature sources, which conclude that new experimental research is needed to improve the compositions and technology of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete using local construction materials. The article provides the results of such research and recommendations for an efficient basalt fiber-reinforced concrete technology.The conducted research has shown that introducing basalt fiber into the composition of heavy concrete according to the proposed technology contributes to a 15% increase in compressive strength compared to similar concrete without micro-reinforcement. Additionally, it is possible to save up to 10% or more on cement consumption.
Aerodynamic study of the characteristics of the nest one skyscraper under wind load
Authors: Akhmedov Jamoldin , Madaliev Murodil , Yunusova Maftuna , Nurmatov Doniyor , Kurbonova Nilufar , Fayziyev Amrillo
Published: December 2023

To improve the safety and ease of use of super-tall buildings in strong winds, aerodynamic optimization of building shapes is considered the most effective approach. Aerodynamic optimization aims to solve a problem at its source, as opposed to structural optimization, which aims to improve the wind resistance of a structure. With the advancement of technology, buildings with complex plan shapes such as square and round, round and hexagonal, square and octagonal, etc. have been considered by many architects keeping in mind the aesthetics of the building. The wind flow around a high-rise building with complex plan shapes having different height ratios is different from what we get when analyzing a conventional shape. Since data on such buildings is not available, the need for wind tunnel or CFD testing becomes important to analyze the effects of wind on such buildings. CFD (computational fluid dynamics) for determining wind response is becoming extremely popular.
Architectural planning solutions of recreational facilities in mountainous areas
Authors: Salimov Arifdjan , Xotamov Asadulla , Juraboyev Asilbek , Muminova Nigoraxon
Published: December 2023

This article analyzes the requirements for recreational areas and the developments and projects for the establishment of resort recreation areas. Based on the technical-economic comparison and analysis of the landscape features of mountainous areas, recommendations for the classification of resort complexes for construction in the mountainous regions of Uzbekistan are presented. Different types of recommendations on seasonal availability of places in mountain resorts of the republic have been projected. The effectiveness of recreation, the ease of use of the resort area and facilities largely depends on the level of transportation services to health complexes, and recommendations for their rational solution are given. The construction of resort structures in mountainous areas, characterized by the high artistic qualities of the resort climate and landscape, the effectiveness of organizing summer and winter vacations, and the aspects aimed at increasing the labor efficiency of the population are described. Differentiation of the areas allocated for the organization of recreational facilities in the mountainous regions of Uzbekistan according to the size and greenness, the size of the complex and whether it is included in the resort or not, and the analysis of the functional use and natural conditions of the recreation area and improvement recommendations are given.
Modelling for determining the adaptive potential of air carriers as participants in the process of creating a tourist product
Authors: Lytvynenko Sergiy , Voitsehovskiy Viktor , Hryhorak Mariia , Gabrielova Tetiana , Lytvynenko Larysa , Ozerova Olha
Published: December 2023

The study is devoted to the adaptation capacity management of enterprises in the service sector. To determine the adaptation capacity of the air carrier, as an actor with a significant impact on the global tourism market, a mathematical model was proposed, which is characterized by constant variables. The model is based on the criterion of optimality of the discounted financial result of the air carrier for the entire period of modeling with restrictions on financial capabilities, demand on air lines, including the tourism, the number of flights and flight hours of planes, as well as general balance restrictions. Keywords: service sector, model, air carrier, tourism, airline, air transport market.
Logical - mathematical models of quantitative assessment of the integral level of individual physical health based on the adaptive potential of the body
Authors: Karabaev M. , Qosimova G.S.
Published: December 2023

The paper proposes a model of the integral level of individual physical health, which allows its quantitative assessment. The logical and mathematical justification of the proposed model is presented on the basis of protective-adaptive and compensatory reactions of the body as an integral indicator of health. The results of a quantitative assessment of the integral levels of physical health of 190 practically healthy, non-sports, young people of both sexes, obtained using the developed model, are presented. The possibilities of the proposed model for ranking the subjects on 6 levels, including prenosological functional states instead of 2, are shown according to generally accepted practice, which allows a personalized, reasoned and differentiated approach to preventive measures to preserve the health of healthy people.
Practical impact of school-age children using digital games to learn environmental education
Authors: Chang C.-L. , Chen C.-N.
Published: December 2023

This electronic document is a “live” template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. With the advancement of technology, the publicity of environmental protection decrees presents the different types from school education to the multiple digital media, such as social media, animation, films or mobile games, let people to learn the correct knowledge about environmental protection. Middle and senior grade students are learning social normal to build self-awareness, and interesting in games. Using participatory observation method to explore the changes of environmental protection awareness and behavior practices in 12 middle and senior children before and after playing two games. The study found that through mobile game education, children have an improvement rate of about 60% in the implementation of environmental awareness knowledge and practice. The cute characters are more attracted. For middle grade children, they prefer action types of games because the experience of fighting monsters is exciting. Comparing to them, senior grade children prefer knowledge types of games because they consider that can learn more new environmental knowledge. In terms of gender, boys prefer action games and girls prefer knowledge games. This research hopes to improve the effectiveness of existing environmental protection publicity, and cultivate children's knowledge, literacy and practical ability of environmental protection through game-based learning, so as to facilitate the sustainable development of environmental education.
Factors of competitiveness of the tourism sector
Authors: Sobirov Bobur , Poltorak Anastasiia , Alimova Mashhura , Matkarimov Khamidbek , Shadiyeva Dildora
Published: December 2023

In the article, the business environment, safety and security, health and hygiene, human resources and labor market, readiness to use the act, priority given to tourism and travel, international openness, price competitiveness, environmental sustainability, air transport infrastructure, land and the degree of impact of indicators such as port infrastructure, tourist service infrastructure, cultural resources and business trips on the development of the tourism industry in this area is researched. The level of influence of the competitive factors included in the sample on the “number of incoming tourists” and “revenue from the tourism industry” which are considered as the result indicators. The theoretical and practical aspects of competitiveness and its achievement in the field of tourism have been studied. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions and suggestions that should be taken into account in the development of tourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan have been developed.
Main aspects of developing the communication competence of future engineers
Authors: Jurabekova Khabiba
Published: December 2023

Communicative competence in the professional growth of a future engineer on the example of teaching the Russian language as the most important problem of vocational education. The author analyzes the main aspects of the formation of communicative competence in the process of language teaching, the assimilation of which is one of the key points in raising the level of professional activity of future engineers.
Methods of teaching the topic of the section of atomic physics “particle spin” in higher educational institutions
Authors: Makhmudov Anvar , Khudayberganov Abdulla , Normurodova Nigora , Tursunova Zuhra , Sultonkhojaeva Gulnoza
Published: December 2023

This article provides a methodology for teaching the topic of general physics “spin of a particle” in higher educational institutions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The concept of “Spin of a particle” is widely used in quantum physics, as well as in atomic physics, that is, in the microcosm. And also the emergence of this concept is explained.
On reducing the carbon footprint through the rational use of petroleum gas
Authors: Gorelkina Evgeniya
Published: December 2023

This study is devoted to the problems of irrational combustion of petroleum gas. The problems of introducing APG application methods are indicated, the methods of using gas in the fields are analyzed. The analysis of the data made it possible to establish that the harmful effect can be reduced by injecting oil gas into the reservoir with water in the form of a water-gas mixture (SWAG-technology). Exhaust or flue gases can also be used. Flue gases emitted during the flaring of associated petroleum gas can also be captured and injected as a water-gas mixture. Pump-ejector systems are proposed as a technical solution.
Optimal programmed control in energy minimisation problem
Authors: Khrychev Dmitry
Published: December 2023

This paper is devoted to the construction of optimal programmed control of the motion of a material point in a medium with a random coefficient of resistance in a homogeneous field of gravity of the Earth. The control objective is to minimise the mathematical expectation of the total mechanical energy of the material point. The problem is solved by two methods proposed by the author in previous works. Both methods assume approximation of the initial stochastic problem by deterministic optimal control problems. In the first case, the transition to approximate deterministic problems is carried out by replacing the parameters representing continuous random variables by discrete-type random variables converging in distribution to the original continuous ones (the method of distribution discretisation). The meaning of such a replacement is that the resulting approximate problem can be considered no longer as a stochastic, but as a deterministic optimal control problem, and can be solved, accordingly, with the help of known standard methods. In the second case, the initial stochastic dynamic system as a result of averaging its equations is replaced first by an infinite system and then, after zeroing all moments of sufficiently high order, by a finite system of equations for mixed moments of the solution and a random parameter (method of moments). The control functions and the optimal values of the quality functional obtained by the two methods were found to be almost identical, and both methods showed good convergence.
Mass spectrum of elementary particles
Authors: Raief Haidar
Published: December 2023

In this study, we discuss different methods for quantifying the mass of elementary particles. The Barut’s model approach gives us a more comprehensive understanding of elementary particles and their formation through magnetic interaction. Through this model, we can understand the mechanism of the formation of hundreds of unstable elementary particles whose components are interconnected through positive energy and thus quickly disintegrate into their basic components.
Post-treatment of ABS samples manufactured by FDM
Authors: Potapov Andrey , Malakho Artem , Gnidina Inna , Volgin Vladimir
Published: December 2023

FDM is used for printing parts from thermoplastic polymers, polymer matrix composites, biocomposites or polymer-ceramic composites, nanocomposites and fiber-reinforced composites. The main disadvantage of this method is the reduced physical and mechanical characteristics due to the presence of pores and poor adhesion of layers. The post-treatment is one of the ways to improve this properties. The heat treatment has the greatest impact among all types of post-treatment processing on the surface quality and physical and mechanical properties of finished products. The paper studies the physical and mechanical properties of samples from ABS plastic (REC brand) printed by FDM and subjected to thermal post-treatment. Two methods of thermal post-treatment were considered: in NaCl powder and in closed form with pressure. The test results of the printed samples were compared with the test results of the samples obtained by injection molding. Comparison of strength and porosity showed that the properties of printed samples after post-treatment by both methods are comparable to the properties of samples obtained by injection molding.
Thermoelectric properties of Zn-Sb compound semiconductor
Authors: Olimov Lutfiddin , Akhmadaliev Utkirbek
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the results obtained in the study of the thermoelectric properties of the semiconducting Zn-Sb polycrystalline structure obtained by powder technology. Studies show that thermal processing stages and temperature changes significantly affect its thermoelectric properties. At the initial stages of heat treatment, with an increase in temperature, the Seebeck coefficient (α), thermal conductivity (λ) and thermoelectric index (ZT) first decrease, then increase, and decrease again with an increase in temperature. From the fourth stage of heat treatment, all parameters increase with temperature. The research results were explained on the basis of the formation of intergranular boundary areas and its physical properties. The first stage of thermal treatment is the initial stage of ZnSb particle fusion, and the supplied thermal energy Q is not enough for ZnSb particle fusion. In the next stage of heat treatment, the atoms of the crystal lattice, which consists of a broken bond or defect between the pressed particles, are forced together or condensed. As the temperature increases, the phases of the crystal lattice atoms change and their reactivity increases. This leads to the formation of a ZnSb semiconductor with a polycrystalline structure. As the temperature increases, the localized traps with Ein energy level are ionized and electron-hole pairs are formed in the two adjoining boundary areas. Charges created in area A move to area V, which has a relatively low temperature, along the Ein energy levels. As a result, the total λ increases at the same time as the thermal conductivity of these two adjacent areas.
Research of the process of obtaining potassium dihydrophosphate using diethylamine
Authors: Bobokulov Akbar , Erkaev Aktam , Toirov Zokir , Axmadova Mohinur , Eshmetova Dilafruz
Published: December 2023

The article studies the physico-chemical analysis of the conversion process of local raw materials of potassium chloride and extraction phosphoric acid obtained on the basis of phosphorites of Central Kyzylkums, in the presence of diethylamine. As a product, potassium dihydrogen phosphate was obtained, which is used as a complex fertilizer in many branches of the chemical industry and in agriculture. The influence of technological parameters on the conversion process is investigated.
Features of the spring suspension operation during transverse roll
Authors: Butin Danila , Sergievsky Sergey , Vasiliev Alexey , Klyushkin Anton , Makarov Vladimir
Published: December 2023

The paper deals with the issue of determining the roll stiffness of the truck suspension. The actual roll stiffness of the spring suspension differs from the theoretical one due to the design features of the spring suspension. The real roll stiffness of the spring suspension, in addition to the vertical stiffness of the springs, is affected by the stiffness of the silent blocks and the stiffness of the springs during lateral bending, as well as the stiffness of the springs during torsion. Analytical dependences for calculating the roll stiffness of the suspension are given. A mathematical model is considered that allows calculating the roll stiffness of the suspension by simulation modeling. Simulation studies have shown that the actual roll stiffness of the spring suspension may differ by 53% from the roll stiffness obtained by calculating the vertical stiffness of elastic elements.
Study of the traction converter control system of the uzelr series of electric locomotives
Authors: Rajibayev D.O. , Miryakubov A.M. , Mavlanov A.A.
Published: December 2023

This article reviews the technical characteristics of the UZELR series semiconductor traction converters for electric locomotives, manufactured in China and widely used by Uzbekistan Railways JSC “Uzbekiston temir yullari”, develops a model describing the working principle of the PWMI, and presents the conclusions of the analysis.
Automobile windshield assembly workstation based on ABB industrial robot
Authors: Zhang Liyuan , Yang Zhenyu , Gao Zhou
Published: December 2023

Traditional automotive companies’ manual assembly line operation with higher labor intensity, lower efficiency, and product quality is difficult to ensure and other shortcomings have been unable to meet the growing demand for industry development and quality assurance. This project with the IRB- 1410 model robot as the core robot, combined with an industrial vision system and gluing system, completed a vehicle windshield assembly workstation based on ABB industrial robots, to improve the degree of automation while greatly improving the efficiency and degree of operational safety, and can both improve the visibility of companies while establishing a good image of the enterprise.
Solving the transport problem as a basis for preserving the ecology of the popular resorts of the Black Sea coast
Authors: Shashkova Nina , Lukyanova Yelena , Selivanov Victor , Kazak Anatoliy , Bukreev Igor
Published: December 2023

The ecological situation in the resorts of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and the Crimea cannot but cause concerns. Once these resorts were positioned as climatic ones with a strongly marked therapeutic and health-improving climate. Today, we are no longer talking about the healing properties of the climate of these regions. But it is possible to preserve these regions for future generations as centers of medical and health tourism. One of the factors negatively affecting the ecology of the Black Sea resort areas is the expansion of vehicles with internal combustion engines. Waste exhaust gases from running engines of a huge number of motor vehicles that have appeared in recent years on the Black Sea coast (and not only in the summer holiday season) cause irreparable harm to the ecology of popular resort areas. Substantiation of the possibility of creating a zone free of vehicles with internal combustion engines in the resorts of the Black Sea coast of the Crimea and the Caucasus. To achieve this goal, theoretical methods of scientific research were used: analysis, synthesis and forecasting. The analysis of foreign and domestic experience in the study of the possibility of introducing a high-speed transport system for public and freight transport hyperloop (hyperloop - Eng.) is carried out. A conceptual project for solving the transport problem of the resort regions of the Southern coast of the Crimea is proposed.
Investigation of the capabilities of a supersonic transport system in a rarefied environment
Authors: Timirgaleeva Rena , Lukyanova Yelena , Bukreev Igor , Selivanov Victor , Kazak Anatoliy
Published: December 2023

The paper is devoted to the study of problems in organizing high-speed ground transport traffic. The solution to this problem may be the organization of a combined transport system, which involves the movement of a transport unit in a rarefied environment of limited space, using the principles of magnetic levitation. The use of such a system will significantly increase the speed of a transport unit up to the supersonic range due to the following factors: reduced aerodynamic air resistance when moving; the absence of direct contact of the transport unit with the lower structure of the track and, as a result, the complete absence of friction; separate dedicated lines allow the use of structures that allow for a significant increase in freight traffic. The paper explores the possibilities of developing the basic principles of movement of a transport system based on magnetic levitation in a rarefied environment, modeling key processes, determining the main parameters of a new transport system and establishing their optimal ratio, reduced to conditions of safe and energy-efficient operation. As well as an assessment of possible risks associated with the use of this type of transport, both for freight and passenger transportation.
Determinants of sustainable development of the North-West region
Authors: Pirogova Oksana , Plotnikov Vladimir , Osodoeva Olga
Published: December 2023

One of the most important factors of sustainable development of the regions of the Russian Federation in modern conditions is the balanced development of all industries. Tourism and hotel business are among the most dynamically developing industries in the North-Western region of Russia. The high level of competition, as well as the intensive growth of the market in the hospitality sector, requires new solutions from representatives of this business to increase competitiveness. The purpose of the study is to assess the level of balanced development of hotel business enterprises on the example of four-star hotels in St. Petersburg, which is one of the important factors in ensuring the sustainable development of the region. The article proposes a methodology for assessing the competitiveness of four-star hotel enterprises. The article uses comparison methods, graphical methods, and the method of analysis. As a result of the study, the factors of sustainable development of the hospitality industry were identified, the competitiveness index of these enterprises was proposed and calculated, which can be used in the future to develop measures to ensure the sustainable development of the region.
Study of the cities competitiveness: on the example of cities of the republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Khabibrakhmanova Rezeda , Safina Engzhe , Safin Ilshat , Abdulganiev Farid
Published: December 2023

The article examines the socio-geographical definition of the competitiveness of a city, as well as the types of cities competitiveness. Based on the methodology for calculating the index of the city competitiveness, the competitiveness of the cities of Tatarstan Republic as part of the spatial system of the Russian Federation is determined. Based on the research results, the cities of the Republic of Tatarstan are ranked by the competitiveness index and by the number of specialized types of economic activity. The relevance of cities territorial studies is due to the socio-economic, ecological role of cities in the development of countries, constituent entities of the country. Cities are becoming centers of development, which gives rise to problems of territorial imbalances in socio-economic development. Cities are differentiated on the basis of demographic, economic, social, ecological parameters of their development and functioning. Therefore, there is an inequality of cities in their attractiveness for accommodating the population and for enhancing the functioning of the business community. There is a scientific and practical need to define such a concept as the competitiveness of cities.
Prediction of engineering solutions based on morphological approach
Authors: Rakov D.
Published: December 2023

Forecasting of scientific solutions based on the morphological approach, as well as the analysis and synthesis of new ideas and engineering solutions depends on a large number of different factors. This means that the specific results and duration of analysis and synthesis largely contain uncertainty factors. Uncertainty arises from the diversity of internal and external relationships, the complexity and variety of causal factors and the complexity with other engineering and social systems. The increasing need to increase the speed of adoption and development of new innovative engineering solutions determines the importance of building predictive models and finding methods to increase the compared alternatives and methods for their evaluation. The aim of the paper is to analyze the application of the improved morphological approach for predicting the development of complex systems. As a result, the analysis of the complex system of the system and forecasting of its development is carried out. The use of the proposed approach can be considered as a process of increasing the stability of synthesized systems and processes.