bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Holographic display using layered computer-generated volume hologram
Authors: Wei Chenxiao , Zhou Ruyi , Ma Haowen , Pi Dapu , Wei Jiahao , Wang Yongtian , Liu Juan
Published: May 2023

The spatial frequency of the reconstructed image of planar computer-generated hologram(CGH) is limited by the sampling interval and the lack of thickness. To break through this limitation of planar CGH, we propose a new computer-generated volume hologram(CGVH) for full-color dynamic holographic three-dimensional(3D) display, and an iteration-free layered CGVH generation method. The proposed CGVH is equivalent to a volume hologram sampled discretely in three directions. The generation method employs the layered angular spectral diffraction to calculate the light field in the layered CGVH, and then encodes it into a CGVH. Numerical simulation results show that the CGVH can accurately reconstruct full-color 3D objects, where better imaging quality, more concentrated diffraction energy, denser reconstructed spatial frequency information, and larger viewing angle are achieved. The proposed CGVH is expected to be applied to realize dynamic modulation, wavelength multiplexing, and angle multiplexing in various optical fields in the future.
Optical multiple-image authentication based on computational ghost imaging and hybrid non-convex second-order total variation
Authors: Zhou Yaoling , Sun Yueer , Yang Mu , Zhou Bei , Hou Junzhao , Zeng Tianyu , Xiao Zhaolin , Sui Liansheng
Published: May 2023

An optical security method for multiple-image authentication is proposed based on computational ghost imaging and hybrid non-convex second-order total variation. Firstly, each original image to be authenticated is encoded to the sparse information using computational ghost imaging, where illumination patterns are generated based on Hadamard matrix. In the same time, the cover image is divided into four sub-images with wavelet transform. Secondly, one of sub-images with low-frequency coefficients is decomposed using singular value decomposition (SVD), and all sparse data are embedded into the diagonal matrix with the help of binary masks. To enhance the security, the generalized Arnold transform is used to scramble the modified diagonal matrix. After using SVD again, the marked cover image carrying the information of multiple original images is obtained using the inverse wavelet transform. In the authentication process, the quality of each reconstructed image can be greatly improved based on hybrid non-convex second-order total variation. Even at a very low sampling ratio (i.e., 6%), the existence of original images can be efficiently verified using the nonlinear correlation maps. To our knowledge, it is first to embed sparse data into the high-frequency sub-image using two cascaded SVDs, which can guarantee high robustness against the Gaussian filter and sharpen filter. The optical experiments demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed mechanism, which can provide an effective alternative for the multiple-image authentication.
Nonlinearity mitigation in a fiber-wireless integrated system based on low-complexity autoencoder and BiLSTM-ANN equalizer
Authors: Liu Xiang , Zhang Jiao , Zhu Min , Tong Weidong , Xin Zhigang , Wang Yunwu , Lei Mingzheng , Hua Bingchang , Cai Yuancheng , Zou Yucong , Yu Jianjun
Published: May 2023

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an intelligent nonlinear compensation method using a stacked autoencoder (SAE) model in conjunction with principal component analysis (PCA) technology and a bidirectional long-short-term memory coupled with ANN (BiLSTM-ANN) nonlinear equalizer for an end-to-end (E2E) fiber-wireless integrated system. The SAE-optimized nonlinear constellation is utilized to mitigate nonlinearity during the optical and electrical conversion process. Our proposed BiLSTM-ANN equalizer is primarily based on time memory and information extraction characteristics, which can compensate for the remaining nonlinear redundancy. A low-complexity 50 Gbps E2E-optimized nonlinear 32 QAM signal is successfully transmitted over a span of 20 km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) and 6 m wireless link at 92.5 GHz. The extended experimental results indicate that the proposed E2E system can achieve a reduction of up to 78% in BER and a gain in receiver sensitivity of over 0.7 dB at BER of 3.8 × 10−3. Moreover, computational complexity is reduced by more than 10 times compared to the classical training model.
Identification of fluorescent aerosol observed by a spectroscopic lidar over northwest China
Authors: Wang Yongkai , Huang Zhongwei , Zhou Tian , Bi Jianrong , Shi Jinsen
Published: May 2023

Bioaerosols play a significant role in climate change and variation of ecological environment. To investigate characterization of atmospheric bioaerosols, we conducted lidar measurement for observing bioaerosols close to dust sources over northwest China in April, 2014. The developed lidar system can not only allowed us to measure the 32-channel fluorescent spectrum between 343 nm to 526 nm with a spectral resolution of 5.8 nm but also simultaneously detect polarisation measurements at 355 nm and 532 nm, as well as Raman scattering signals at 387 nm and 407 nm. According to the findings, the lidar system was able to pick up the robust fluorescence signal emitted by dust aerosols. Especially the polluted dust, the fluorescence efficiency could reach 0.17. In addition, the efficiency of single-band fluorescence typically rises as the wavelength goes up and the ratio of fluorescence efficiency of polluted dust, dust, air pollutant and background aerosols is about 4:3:8:2. Moreover, our results demonstrate that simultaneous measurements of depolarization at 532 nm and fluorescence could better distinguish fluorescent aerosols than those at 355 nm. This study enhances the ability of laser remote sensing for real-time detecting bioaerosol in the atmosphere.
On-chip erbium–ytterbium-co-doped lithium niobate microdisk laser with an ultralow threshold
Authors: Luo Qiang , Yang Chen , Hao Zhenzhong , Zhang Ru , Ma Rui , Zheng Dahuai , Liu Hongde , Yu Xuanyi , Gao Feng , Bo Fang , Kong Yongfa , Zhang Guoquan , Xu Jingjun
Published: May 2023

Erbium-ion-doped lithium niobate (LN) microcavity lasers working in the communication band have attracted extensive attention recently. However, their conversion efficiencies and laser thresholds still have significant room to improve. Here, we prepared microdisk cavities based on erbium–ytterbium-co-doped LN thin film by using ultraviolet lithography, argon ion etching, and a chemical–mechanical polishing process. Benefiting from the erbium–ytterbium co-doping-induced gain coefficient improvement, laser emission with an ultralow threshold (∼1 µW) and high conversion efficiency (1.8 × 10−3%) was observed in the fabricated microdisks under a 980-nm-band optical pump. This study provides an effective reference for improving the performance of LN thin-film lasers.
Electromagnetic-acoustic splitter with a tunable splitting ratio based on copper plates
Authors: Chen Zihao , Sun Fei , Liu Yichao , Ma Xiaomin , Chen Hanchuan , Chao Kun , Chen Zhihui , Wang Jiangang
Published: May 2023

Acoustic splitters and electromagnetic splitters can be applied in various fields (e.g., navigation and interference detection). However, there is still a lack of study of structures that can simultaneously split acoustic and electromagnetic beams. In this study, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, electromagnetic-acoustic splitter (EAS) based on copper plates is proposed, which can simultaneously produce identical beam-splitting effects for transverse magnetic (TM)-polarized electromagnetic and acoustic waves. Different from previous beam splitters, the beam splitting ratio of the proposed passive EAS can be simply tuned by changing the incident angle of the input beam, i.e., a tunable splitting ratio can be achieved without additional energy consumption. The simulated results verify that the proposed EAS can create two transmitted split beams with a tunable splitting ratio for both electromagnetic and acoustic waves. This may have applications in dual-field navigation/detection, which can provide additional information and higher accuracy compared with single-field navigation/detection.
Polarization-independent tilted fiber Bragg grating surface plasmon resonance sensor based on spectrum optimization
Authors: Shi XiaoNing , Zhao Wancong , Zhu Yi , Shen Changyu , Zeng Xianglong
Published: May 2023

We experimentally demonstrated polarization multiplexing schemes in a tilted fiber grating (TFBG) to achieve polarization-independent fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors. The first used two orthogonal polarized lights separated by a polarization beam splitter (PBS) that are p-polarized in polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) and precisely aligned with the tilted grating plane, so as to achieve the transmission of p-polarized light in two opposite directions of the Au-coated TFBG to excite SPR. Alternatively, polarization multiplexing was also achieved by exploring two polarization components to achieve the SPR effect through a Faraday rotator mirror (FRM). The SPR reflection spectra are polarization-independent of the light source and any perturbations to fibers, which are explained by the superposition of p- and s-polarized transmission spectra in equal proportions. The spectrum optimization is presented to reduce the proportion of the s-polarization component. A polarization-independent TFBG-based SPR refractive index (RI) sensor with a wavelength sensitivity of 555.14 nm/RIU and an amplitude sensitivity of 1724.92 dB/RIU for small changes is obtained, exhibiting unique advantages of minimizing the polarization alterations by mechanical perturbations.
Work unit level personnel working hours and the patients’ length of in-hospital stay–An administrative data approach
Authors: Krutova Oxana , Ervasti Jenni , Virtanen Marianna , Peutere Laura , Härmä Mikko , Ropponen Annina
Published: May 2023

Administrative data accumulating daily from hospitals would provide new possibilities to assess work shifts and patient care. We aimed to investigate associations of work unit level average work shift length and length of patient in-hospital stay, and to examine the role of nurse-patient-ratio, year, night work, age, work units and working hours at the work units for these estimations. The data for this study were based on combined administrative day-to-day patient and pay-roll based objective working hour data of employees of one hospital district in Finland for 2013–2019. Three patient measures were calculated: the overall length of in-hospital stay, the length of in-hospital stay before a medical procedure and the length of in-hospital stay after a medical procedure. A Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) with multivariate normal random effects was used with Penalized Quasi-Likelihood for relative risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The results showed that compared to <8 hours work shifts, 8–10 hours work shifts were associated with an increased likelihood of overall length of in-hospital stay (RR 1.16, 95%CI 1.15, 1.16), and the length of in-hospital stay after a medical procedure (RR 1.28, 95%CI 1.27, 1.30). The >10 hours work shifts were associated with a decreased likelihood of the overall length of in-hospital stay (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.94, 0.95) and length of in-hospital stay after a medical procedure among all occupations (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.92, 0.97). These associations retained the magnitude and direction in the models additionally adjusted for work, employee, and patient characteristics, and the associations were weaker for nurses than among all occupations. To conclude, compared with the standard work shifts, 8–10 hours work shifts seem to be associated with longer, and >10 hours work shifts with shorter length of in-hospital stay. Administrative data provides feasible possibilities to investigate working hours and length of in-hospital stay.
Prevalence and factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress symptoms among construction workers in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Bikram , Poudel Lisasha , Bhandari Niroj , Adhikari Nabin , Shrestha Bhawana , Poudel Bikram , Bishwokarma Anupama , Kuikel Bihari Saran , Timalsena Dinesh , Paneru Bandana , Gurung Minani , Koju Pramesh , Karkee Rajendra , Ghimire Anup
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The construction industry in Nepal, which employs a significant proportion of the population, ranks as one of the largest industries in the country. Construction work is physically demanding and can be risky due to the use of heavy machinery and the presence of intense physical labor. However, the physical and mental health of construction workers in Nepal is often neglected. This study aimed to assess psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms) and its association with socio-demographic, lifestyle, and occupational factors among construction workers in Kavre district, Nepal.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study from 1st October 2019 to 15th January 2020 among 402 construction workers in Banepa, and Panauti municipalities of Kavre district, Nepal. We collected data with face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire consisting of a) socio-demographic characteristics; b) lifestyle and occupational characteristics; and c) depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. We collected data using electronic forms in KoboToolbox and imported them into R version 3.6.2 for statistical analysis. We present parametric numerical variables as mean and standard deviation, and categorical variables as percentage and frequency. The confidence interval around proportion was estimated with the Clopper-Pearson method. We applied univariate and multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with depression symptoms, anxiety, and stress. The result of logistic regression was presented as crude odds ratio, adjusted odds ratio (AOR), and their 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms were 17.1% (95%CI: 13.6–21.2), 19.2% (95%CI: 15.5–23.4) and 16.4% (95%CI: 12.9–20.4), respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, depression symptom was positively associated with poor sleep quality (AOR = 3.51; 95%CI: 1.5–8.19; p-value: 0.004); stress symptom was positively associated with Brahmin ethnicity (AOR = 3.76; 95%CI:1.34–10.58; p-value: 0.012) and current smoking (AOR = 2.0; 95%CI: 1.11–3.82 p-value: 0.022). But anxiety symptoms were not associated with any of the variables.

Conclusions

The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were high among construction workers. Developing evidence-based and appropriate community-based mental health prevention programs among laborers and construction workers is recommended.
Double burden of malnutrition in Afghanistan: Secondary analysis of a national survey
Authors: Fahim Obaidullah , Shahim Shafiqullah , Shams Ahmad Nawid , Muhammadi Ahmad Farshid , Djazayery Abolghassem , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad
Published: May 2023

Background

Reports about the magnitude of co-existence of under- and over-nutrition is limited in Afghanistan. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of double burden of malnutrition (DBM) at individual and household level in Afghanistan.

Methods

This study was done based on the Afghanistan National Nutrition Survey 2013, which included a representative sample of 126,890 individuals (including more than 18,000 households) throughout Afghanistan. Intra-individual DBM was defined as the co-existence of “overweight/obese” and “stunting or micronutrient deficiencies” (including anemia, vitamin A deficiency, vitamin D deficiency and iodine deficiency). At the household level, DBM was considered as having at least one household member as overweight/obese and at least one another member of that household as undernourished (stunted, wasted, underweight or any micronutrient deficiency). SPSS and Stata software were used in the current analysis. Cross-tabulations was used to estimate the prevalence and its 95% confidence interval(CI). This study was ethically approved at Tehran University of Medical sciences.

Results

The overall prevalence of intra-individual DBM was 12.5% (95% CI: 12.1; 12.9). Among the whole study participants at individual level of DBM, 11.7% (11.3; 12.1) of individuals had overweight along with stunting simultaneously and 20.5% (18.8; 22.4) had overweight and micronutrient deficiencies at the same time at individual level. The household level of DBM was found among 28.6% (95% CI: 27.9; 29.4) of households; such that 27.3% (26.6; 28.1) of households had at least one member with overweight and another member with stunting or wasting or underweight. Co-existence of overweight and micronutrient deficiencies at the same household was seen in 38.3% (35.5; 41.2).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated a high prevalence of DBM at individual and household level in Afghanistan. Therefore, developing appropriate national macro-policies and strategies and designing appropriate programs such as public awareness programs, subsidization, food assistance programs, food fortification and dietary supplementation should be implemented by the ministry of public health, inter- related organs and international health agencies to reduce the burden of this problem in this country.
Exploring Chinese and Ethiopian higher VET adolescent learning motivation through the lens of self‑determination theory
Authors: Khalid Sabika , Gao Chunhai , Lianyu Cai , Lu Jiang , Xiuyu Lu , Tadesse Endale
Published: May 2023

Ethiopia and China share a common educational agenda in cultivating and obtaining competent vocational graduates who fulfill the need of the modern, technologically advanced industrial workplace. Unlike most evidence, the present study adopted Self-determination Theory to understand Ethiopian and Chinese higher Vocational education and Training (VET) college students’ learning motivation. Hence, this study recruited and interviewed 10 volunteers senior higher VET students from each setting to unfold their satisfaction with psychological needs. The study’s main finding affirms that although both groups felt the autonomy of choosing the vocational field they sought to master, their learning process was submissive to their henpecked teaching method, which ultimately restrained the participants’ feeling of competence for being enclosed in less practical training space. As per the study findings, we forward feasible policy and practical implications suggested for meeting the motivational needs of VET students and promoting learning stability.
Reassessing the adrenomedullin scavenging function of ACKR3 in lymphatic endothelial cells
Authors: Sigmund Elena C. , Bauer Aline , Jakobs Barbara D. , Tatliadim Hazal , Tacconi Carlotta , Thelen Marcus , Legler Daniel F. , Halin Cornelia
Published: May 2023

Atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) is a scavenger of the chemokines CXCL11 and CXCL12 and of several opioid peptides. Additional evidence indicates that ACKR3 binds two other non-chemokine ligands, namely the peptide hormone adrenomedullin (AM) and derivatives of the proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20 peptide (PAMP). AM exhibits multiple functions in the cardiovascular system and is essential for embryonic lymphangiogenesis in mice. Interestingly, AM-overexpressing and ACKR3-deficient mouse embryos both display lymphatic hyperplasia. Moreover, in vitro evidence suggested that lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), which express ACKR3, scavenge AM and thereby reduce AM-induced lymphangiogenic responses. Together, these observations have led to the conclusion that ACKR3-mediated AM scavenging by LECs serves to prevent overshooting AM-induced lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic hyperplasia. Here, we further investigated AM scavenging by ACKR3 in HEK293 cells and in human primary dermal LECs obtained from three different sources in vitro. LECs efficiently bound and scavenged fluorescent CXCL12 or a CXCL11/12 chimeric chemokine in an ACKR3-dependent manner. Conversely, addition of AM induced LEC proliferation but AM internalization was found to be independent of ACKR3. Similarly, ectopic expression of ACKR3 in HEK293 cells did not result in AM internalization, but the latter was avidly induced upon co-transfecting HEK293 cells with the canonical AM receptors, consisting of calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CALCRL) and receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP)2 or RAMP3. Together, these findings indicate that ACKR3-dependent scavenging of AM by human LECs does not occur at ligand concentrations sufficient to trigger AM-induced responses mediated by canonical AM receptors.
Analytical solutions for time-dependent kinematic three-dimensional magnetic reconnection
Authors: Chen Yalan , Wang Yi , Wei Fengsi , Feng Xueshang , Zhou Zilu , Wang Boyi , Zuo Pingbing , Jiang Chaowei , Xu Xiaojun , Song Xiaojian , Gu Yaxin , Wang Ludi , Xu Xiaoheng , Bian Xinkai
Published: May 2023

Magnetic reconnection is a process that can rapidly convert magnetic field energy into plasma thermal energy and kinetic energy, and it is also an important energy conversion mechanism in space physics, astrophysics and plasma physics. Research related to analytical solutions for time-dependent three-dimensional magnetic reconnection is extremely difficult. For decades, several mathematical descriptions have been developed regarding different reconnection mechanisms, in which the equations based on magnetohydrodynamics theory outside the reconnection diffusion region are widely accepted. However, the equation set cannot be analytically solved unless specified constraints are imposed or the equations are reduced. Based on previous analytical methods for kinematic stationary reconnection, here the analytical solutions for time-dependent kinematic three-dimensional magnetic reconnection are discussed. In contrast to the counter-rotating plasma flows that existed in steady-state reconnection, it is found that spiral plasma flows, which have never been reported before, can be generated if the magnetic field changes exponentially with time. These analyses reveal new scenarios for time-dependent kinematic three-dimensional magnetic reconnection, and the deduced analytical solutions could improve our understanding of the dynamics involved in reconnection processes, as well as the interactions between the magnetic field and plasma flows during magnetic reconnection.
Quantitative cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings and clinical risk factors predict cardiovascular outcomes in breast cancer patients
Authors: Kwan Jennifer M. , Arbune Amit , Henry Mariana L. , Hu Rose , Wei Wei , Nguyen Vinh , Lee Seohyuk , Lopez-Mattei Juan , Guha Avirup , Huber Steffen , Bader Anna S. , Meadows Judith , Sinusas Albert , Mojibian Hamid , Peters Dana , Lustberg Maryam , Hull Sarah , Baldassarre Lauren A.
Published: May 2023

Background

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) global longitudinal strain and circumferential strain abnormalities have been associated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) reduction and cardiotoxicity from oncologic therapy. However, few studies have evaluated the associations of strain and cardiovascular outcomes.

Objectives

To assess CMR circumferential and global longitudinal strain (GLS) correlations with cardiovascular outcomes including myocardial infarction, systolic dysfunction, diastolic dysfunction, arrhythmias and valvular disease in breast cancer patients treated with and without anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab therapy.

Methods

Breast cancer patients with a CMR from 2013–2017 at Yale New Haven Hospital were included. Patient co-morbidities, medications, and cardiovascular outcomes were obtained from chart review. Biostatistical analyses, including Pearson correlations, competing risk regression model, and competing risk survival curves comparing the two groups were analyzed.

Results

116 breast cancer with CMRs were included in our analysis to assess differences between Anthracycline/Trastuzumab (AT) (62) treated versus non anthracycline/trastuzumab (NAT) (54) treated patients in terms of imaging characteristics and outcomes. More AT patients 17 (27.4%) developed systolic heart failure compared to the NAT group 6 (10.9%), p = 0.025. Statin use was associated with a significant reduction in future arrhythmias (HR 0.416; 95% CI 0.229–0.755, p = 0.004). In a sub-group of 13 patients that underwent stress CMR, we did not find evidence of microvascular dysfunction by sub-endocardial/sub-epicardial myocardial perfusion index ratio after adjusting for ischemic heart disease.

Conclusions

In our study, CMR detected signs of subclinical cardiotoxicity such as strain abnormalities despite normal LV function and abnormal circumferential strain was associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes such as valvular disease and systolic heart failure. Thus, CMR is an important tool during and after cancer treatment to identity and prognosticate cancer treatment-related cardiotoxicity.
Physical distancing and emergency medical services utilization after self-harm in Korea during the early COVID-19 pandemic: A nationwide quantitative study
Authors: Lee Ye Ji , Yuh Min A. , Kim In Soo , Cho Byul Nym Hee , Woo Seon Hee , Hong Sungyoup
Published: May 2023

Background

People experienced various stress and psychological responses to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to examine the changes in emergency medical services (EMSs) utilization by self-harm patients in early pandemic and the impacts of physical distancing measures on the EMSs utilization by self-harm patients.

Methods

Data for all patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs) after self-harm injuries including self-poisoning were collected from the National ED Information System (NEDIS). Characteristics of patients in two study regions (urban versus rural) were compared. Weekly and annual ED visit rates after self-harm (VRSH) per 100,000 population were calculated. Mobile phone mobility index (MPMI) was calculated by dividing a region’s aggregated mobile phone mobility by mid-year population. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to assess changes in 2020 over pre-pandemic years. Test for presence of joinpoint at the end of 2019 was performed. A cross-correlation function was used to estimate the maximal morphological similarity and lag time between changes in MPMI and VRSH.

Results

In 2020, in early phases of the pandemic, there was a moderate decline in self-harm-related ED visits to 30,797 from a continuously increasing trend seen in previous years. However, proportions of young people (50.1%) and females (62.3%) increased over previous years. VRSHs among women and young people aged 15–34 years showed higher levels in 2020 than in previous five years. There was a significant decrease in the proportion of patients transported directly from the scene. In addition, there was a polarization of mental state upon ED arrival from alert and unresponsive. The median correlation coefficient between MPMI values and VRSH values was 0.601 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.539–0.619) in urban regions and 0.531 (IQR: 0.454–0.595) in rural regions, showing no statistically significant difference between the two.

Conclusion

Physical distancing measures adopted to prevent the spread of transmittable diseases following the pandemic had the effect of decreasing ED visits due to self-harm. When the pandemic has ended, and daily life has been restored, it will be particularly important to pay attention to the increased numbers of self-harm patients expected to visit EDs compared to during the pandemic.
The composite effect reveals that human (but not other primate) faces are special to humans
Authors: Sulikowski Danielle , Favelle Simone , McKone Elinor , Willis Megan , Burke Darren
Published: May 2023

Recognising faces is widely believed to be achieved using “special” neural and cognitive mechanisms that depend on “holistic” processing, which are not used when recognising other kinds of objects. An important, but largely unaddressed, question is how much like a Human face a stimulus needs to be to engage this “special” mechanism(s). In the current study, we attempted to answer this question in 3 ways. In Experiments 1 and 2 we examined the extent to which the disproportionate inversion effect for human faces extends to the faces of other species (including a range of other primates). Results suggested that the faces of other primates engage the mechanism responsible for the inversion effect approximately as well as that mechanism is engaged by Human faces, but that non-primate faces engage the mechanism less well. And so primate faces, in general, seem to produce a disproportionate inversion effect. In Experiment 3 we examined the extent to which the Composite effect extends to the faces of a range of other primates, and found no compelling evidence of a composite effect for the faces of any other primate. The composite effect was exclusive to Human faces. Because these data differ so dramatically from a previously reported study asking similar questions Taubert (2009), we also (in Experiment 4) ran an exact replication of Taubert’s Experiment 2, which reported on both Inversion and Composite effects in a range of species. We were unable to reproduce the pattern of data reported by Taubert. Overall, the results suggest that the disproportionate inversion effect extends to all of the faces of the non-human primates tested, but that the composite effect is exclusive to Human faces.
Environmentalism in popular music education: A critical pedagogy and Students as Partners approach
Authors: Weston Donna , Coutts Leah
Published: May 2023

In the face of looming environmental catastrophe, music educators have an obligation to support students in finding ways to navigate and respond to environmental change through their practice. Data from a survey of popular music students in an Australian higher music education institution showed that while students held serious concerns about environmental threats, they did not feel empowered to address these through their music and could not envisage a role for music education to support them to do so. It is proposed that a praxial pedagogical framework informed by critical pedagogy, and supported through the Students as Partners approach, would help popular music students to develop their musician activist identities and empower them to respond to the challenges of a changing climate through their art.
Ki mit visz át a túlsó partra?
Authors: Tóth Katalin , Folmeg Márta , Sebestyén Lilla , Fűzi Beatrix
Published: May 2023

A pandémia számos kihívást hozott az egyetemi oktatók életébe, köztük meghatározó volt a digitális oktatásra való szinte azonnali átállás. A klasszikus egyetemi oktatáshoz szokott oktatóknak, kilépve eddigi tanítási gyakorlatukból, újrakezdőként, élesben kellett alkalmazniuk a hazánkban kevéssé kidolgozott digitális felsőoktatás módszertanát és az új szoftverek használatát. Bár a digitális megoldások már a COVID-19 előtti időszakban is megjelentek a felsőoktatásban, de ilyen mértékű átalakulásra senki nem számított. Az oktatók nyitottsága, hozzáállása és felkészültsége eltérő volt, akadtak lelkesebbek, kísérletezőbbek és olyanok is, akik maradni akartak a jól bevált módszereknél. A három egyetemi félévet felölelő kutatásunk alapjául az oktatók körében kitöltött kérdőívek és interjúk szolgáltak, amellyel párhuzamosan monitoroztuk az egyetemi keretrendszerek felhasználói aktivitását is. A kvantitatív és kvalitatív adatok segítségével képet kaptunk arról, hogy a Budapesti Gazdasági Egyetem oktatóinak helyzethez való alkalmazkodása milyen kapcsolatban állt az oktatók nyitottságával, hozzáállásával és felkészültségével, valamint az EPIC modell alapján kialakított támogatási rendszerrel. Az eredményekből jól látszik, hogy az oktatók megélték a globális krízist, megérezték, hogy az eddig bevált stratégiák már nem működnek. Még ragaszkodtak a számukra biztonságot jelentő jelenléti katedrához, de emellett nyitottá váltak az online oktatás újdonságaira is, és hajlandók voltak erőfeszítést tenni a kihívások megoldására. Az új intézményi szintű célok tervezői gondolkodással való kialakításához összegeznünk kellett az eredményeket, és átgondolni, hogy a jövőben milyen irányba fejlesztjük intézményünk oktatását, és ehhez milyen oktatói kompetenciákra lesz szükség. Kutatásunk eredménye irányt mutat ahhoz, hogy az oktatóknak milyen komplex támogatói környezetet és szolgáltatói rendszert kell kialakítanunk ahhoz, hogy a 21. századi felsőoktatási kihívásokat hatékonyan és a szakmai örömöket megélve tudják kezelni.
Organizational Lay Theories of Intelligence and Trust Among Minority Women
Authors: Martino Charitie
Published: May 2023

Organizational lay theories are beliefs held by organizations regarding the fixed versus malleable nature of abilities and intelligence. Past research found that predominantly White women trusted an organization with an incremental (i.e., malleable) mindset more than an organization with an entity (i.e., fixed) mindset (Emerson and Murphy, 2015). What is still not known is how racial and ethnic minority women would respond to entity vs. incremental company mindsets. This study recruited Black and Latina college women and randomly assigned them to evaluate a health internship organization that held either an incremental or entity mindset about competence and intelligence. Women then rated how much trust they felt for the organization, and then completed a difficult visuospatial matrices task. Findings revealed that both groups trusted the incremental organization more, but for the African American women, the effect was much larger, meaning they trusted the entity organization less than the Latina women. Order in which the moderator scales and manipulation were presented also interacted with race and mindset condition.
Demonización, miedo, política del resentimiento y el colapso de las democracias contemporáneas desde procesos electorales. Estrategias discursivas a partir del Brexit, la elección presidencial en Estados Unidos y el plebiscito en Colombia
Authors: Sarmiento Erazo Juan Pablo
Published: May 2023

Entre 2015 y 2018, el mundo experimentó una avanzada notable de populismos en importantes procesos electorales. En distintos países se evidenciaron procesos electorales con resultados sorprendentes, que dan cuenta de la construcción de neopopulismos contemporáneos, la otredad y el extravío de valores liberales que parecían haberse alcanzado en las democracias contemporáneas. En este documento se tomarán tres casos de estudio, a saber, la elección y reelección del presidente de EEUU; el Brexit; el Plebiscito sobre el acuerdo de paz de 2016 y la campaña a la presidencia de Colombia de 2018. Por medio del software “Studio R” y el análisis de discurso de quienes lideraron estos procesos electorales, expondremos cómo pudo haber operado, en los casos de estudio, la demonización de la oposición y la otredad, reflejando términos más utilizados en cada uno de los discursos, lo que nos demostrará el uso del miedo, la demonización y la política del resentimiento en las campañas analizadas
Editorial No 50
Authors: Molinares Guerrero Ivonne
Published: May 2023

El debate académico sobre Raza y Racismo en el Caribe es reciente y plantea preguntas incómodas sobre desigualdades y privilegios ligados a estructuras de clase que, en el caso de Colombia, se han justificado en el hecho de que la gente negra “habita lugares inhóspitos”[1] como algunos territorios de la Costa Atlántica del país. Entre estos territorios, el Caribe colombiano ha sido históricamente identificado con la presencia de personas negras y mulatas, por lo que resulta inaudito, pero cierto, hablar de la persistencia del racismo como forma de discriminación fundada en prejuicios, que toma las características físicas como excusa para acusar de inferioridad a poblaciones racializadas como la negra. Se trata de una práctica social que ha pervivido a la lucha de movimientos civiles y transformaciones democráticas. Hoy, el racismo polariza el espacio de las diferencias sociales en el Caribe y contribuye a legitimar la desigualdad y el dominio de unas personas sobre otras. Este dossier se presenta como una apuesta por fortalecer el debate académico sobre Raza y Racismo en el Caribe en el marco de proyecto “Connected Worlds, el Caribe, origen del mundo moderno, que ha recibido fondos de la Unión Europea a través del Programa Horizonte 2020, investigación e innovación Marie Curie, Acuerdo nº. 823846, dirigido por la profesora Consuelo Naranjo Orovio del Instituto de Historia, CSIC de España.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Physical Activity and Related Health Outcomes: Where Do We Go from Here?
Authors: Stevens Emily , Gallo Paul , Dyer Jaimy , Balk Ethan
Published: May 2023

Objective: COVID-19 has presented challenges to public health, including mental and physical health risks attributed to reductions in physical activity (PA) and social isolation that resulted from quarantine. Barriers to community engagement and PA have persisted. In this paper, we review the literature on behavioral changes associated with COVID-19 on aerobic exercise, resistance training, and related mental and physical health outcomes, including barriers to PA, to guide recommendations for post-COVID community-based exercise programming. Methods: We identified 63 relevant studies related to COVID-19 and PA (N = 22), aerobic exercise (N = 11), and discreet resistance exercise (N = 30). We reviewed studies while trying to focus on synthesizing the impact of the pandemic on rates of PA, barriers to PA, and resulting health outcomes to guide recommendations for post-pandemic community-based programming. Results: COVID-19 lockdown resulted in substantial reductions in PA, which led to increased risk for comorbidities attributed to inactivity and social isolation. Typical barriers to PA among adults were exacerbated with closure of gyms and balancing work and family care from home. Conclusion: We recommend moderate physical activity, such as walking and discreet resistance training, for community-based programming in a post-pandemic society. These modes of exercise address key barriers to PA among community-dwelling adults.
Bioinformatics Analysis of Inhibition Activation SHP-2 by Galangal as Activating Agent of Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Ardriyanto Maria Indra , Rahman Faaza Aulia , Hastuti Hanaan Emilia Adi , Meiyanto Edy , Kawai Taro , Putri Dyaningtyas Dewi Pamungkas
Published: May 2023

Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine type 1 that has acted as a potential immunotherapy for cancer. The mechanism of IL-12 increases the activity of cytotoxic T cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells, reverse tumor-induced immunosuppression, prevent angiogenesis, and increases lymphocyte and antigen transport. Galangal is one of the natural ingredients that have biological activity as an anticancer and immunomodulator. In this research, researchers wanted to know the potential of the active compound of galangal to activate IL-12 by inhibiting the IL-12 analog, namely SHP-2. This research uses bioinformatics studies using several databases such as RCSB PDB, ChEMBL, Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical, UALCAN, OncoLnc and computational analysis using KNIME and MOE software. The SHP-2 structure used is taken from the RCSB PDB with the code 5EHR. The 10 compounds with the highest predictions of inhibiting SHP2 using KNIME were obtained, then molecular docking was performed using MOE and three compounds that had the potential to inhibit SHP-2 were Kaempferide, Galangin, and RiboflavinKeywords: cancer, computing, galangal, Interleukin 12, SHP-2, pharmacology.
Fright and the Fraying of Community
Authors: Hauter Ashwak
Published: May 2023

This article addresses the psycho-spiritual intersection of geopolitics and medicine in the borderlands between Yemen and Saudi Arabia, at the margins of war. Set in a Saudi Arabian Hospital in Jeddah, it examines patients’ demand for and physicians’ attempt to secure ‘afiya (psychic, physical, and spiritual well-being) amid regional upheaval and the limits of Islamicized biomedical care. I reflect on the case of a Yemeni migrant/refugee hospitalized in Saudi Arabia for a persistent jaundice, Omar, who speaks of his looming fear that his self/soul would “break” if his request for biomedical care were to be rejected, and who longs to be in the care of a Yemeni indigenous healer. Strangely, then, his fright at the break of the soul/self exceeds the fear he felt crossing a desert military border on foot. Drawing on theories of the soul/self and the psyche, I explore how soul-fracture becomes a figure of postcolonial and wartime affliction, congealing in its evocation the end of neighborly hospitality, the fraying of community, and the breaking of a shared lineage: the abject Yemeni, exiled from their own region and the broader Muslim community.
Biología floral, sistema reproductivo y visitantes florales de Vitex cymosa (Lamiaceae)
Authors: De Egea Elsam Juana , Amela García María T.
Published: May 2023

Vitex cymosa Bert. ex Spreng. (Lamiaceae) is a native species of tropical and subtropical Central and South America. Its medicinal, antioxidant, antifungal and antibacterial properties are noteworthy and widely studied. This study aims to contribute towards the knowledge of the reproductive biology of V. cymosa, through: the determination of the reproductive system; the description of reproductive morphological attributes (flower, fruit, pollen and nectary), attractants and floral phases, as well as the record and function of floral visitors. Vitex cymosa presents melitophilic floral traits: diurnal anthesis, bluish coloration, bilabiate structural type, presence of visual guides in the corolla indicating the location of the reward (nectar), and a soft, sweet and pleasant aroma to humans. The pollen has pollenkit and is deposited nototribically on the pollinators. The nectary is of gynoecial origin, the nectar is released through nectarostomes located on the apex of the ovary, remaining available even after corolla abscition, as a post-floral nectary; such zone is distinguished by a purple coloration, different from that of the rest of this organ, which grows basipetally as the fruit develops. The reproductive system of V. cymosa is mixed, resulting in more than 75% of fructification, through both allogamy mediated by pollinators and spontaneous self-pollination, presenting a slight hercogamy that would contribute to cross-pollination. Eleven species of floral visitors were recorded, all belonging to the Class Insecta. Among these floral visitors, Apis mellifera was the most frequent species, and along with other species of native bees (of the genera Bombus, Centris, Plebeia, Tetragonisca, Trigona), wasps and butterflies, they would be pollinators when they visit legitimately (in the case of the hymenopterans, as some of them thieve pollen). Despite this visitor assembly, the most important pollinators are the bees, which coincides with the melitophilic characteristics of the flowers. The nectar exposed in flowers where the corolla has already fallen, more accessible to some bees and to the wasps, would contribute to greater attraction to pollinators, as well as predatory insects of herbivores of the developing fruits.
Determining the Drivers of Housing Market Seasonality
Authors: Livy Mitchell R.
Published: May 2023

Seasonality has been widely observed across the U.S. housing market. However, the extent that housing attributes drive these temporal fluctuations has not been extensively studied. In this research, I examine this relationship by estimating monthly varying measures of housing attributes. The estimates show that both time-varying differences in these variables and their capitalizations explain a substantial amount of the overall observed market seasonality. These results have implications for future housing market studies by showing that the aggregate seasonality is driven by specific sections of the spatial-temporal housing market instead of an overall trend impacting all homes equally.
Tensor-Product Space-Time Goal-Oriented Error Control and Adaptivity With Partition-of-Unity Dual-Weighted Residuals for Nonstationary Flow Problems
Authors: Roth Julian , Thiele Jan Philipp , Köcher Uwe , Wick Thomas
Published: May 2023

In this work, the dual-weighted residual method is applied to a space-time formulation of nonstationary Stokes and Navier–Stokes flow.
Tensor-product space-time finite elements are being used to discretize the variational formulation with discontinuous Galerkin finite elements in time and inf-sup stable Taylor–Hood finite element pairs in space.
To estimate the error in a quantity of interest and drive adaptive refinement in time and space, we demonstrate how the dual-weighted residual method for incompressible flow can be extended to a partition-of-unity based error localization.
We substantiate our methodology on 2D benchmark problems from computational fluid mechanics.
Memorialization in Thucydides’ Plague Episode
Authors: Colclough Jenna
Published: May 2023

Thucydides’ detailed description of the Athenian plague, which is estimated to have killed from a quarter to a third of Athens’ population has been approached from a variety of scholarly perspectives, yet its memorializing function is still under-explored. This article contends that Thucydides’ plague episode serves an inherent commemorative function and memorializes the plague through narrative emphasis, pathos, ἐνάργεια, and his focus on abortive burial rites.
The crystal structure of 5-nitronaphthoquinone, C10H5NO4
Authors: Barrientos Claudio , Galdámez Antonio , Moris Silvana
Published: May 2023

C10H5NO4, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 9.2564(8) Å, b = 11.0464(9) Å, c = 14.8016(12) Å, α = 

110.132

(
2
)

∘

$110.132{(2)}^{\circ }$

, β = 

106.157

(
3
)

∘

$106.157{(3)}^{\circ }$

, γ = 

94.770

(
3
)

∘

$94.770{(3)}^{\circ }$

, V = 1337.7(2) Å3, Z = 6,

R

g
t

${R}_{\mathit{g}\mathit{t}}$

(F) = 0.0567,

w

R

r
e
f

$w{R}_{\mathit{r}\mathit{e}\mathit{f}}$

(F
2) = 0.1797, T = 296.15 K
Brothers in enabling crime
Authors: Hofmann Dominik
Published: May 2023

In den vergangenen Jahrzehnten hat sich, vor allem im globalen Süden, ein Diskurs über „Straflosigkeit“ entwickelt, der zahlreiche Ähnlichkeiten und Assoziationen mit dem über „Korruption“ aufweist. Der Artikel hellt theoretisch die – oft unterstellte, aber kaum je analytisch beleuchtete – Beziehung zwischen beiden auf. Dazu werden zunächst vier verbreitete Annahmen über die Art der besagten Beziehung und anschließend vier Gemeinsamkeiten identifiziert, die diese Annahmen einen. Um für die Gemeinsamkeiten eine soziologische Erklärung zu geben, wird eine Reihe von systemtheoretischen Theoremen zur Anwendung gebracht, wobei die Argumentation in drei Schritten verfährt: Korruption und Straffreiheit werden als Verstöße gegen zwei verschiedene Formen von Entscheidungsprogrammen dargestellt; diese beiden Arten von Programmen werden mit den Funktionssystemen Politik und Recht verknüpft und schließlich wird die Unterscheidung zwischen beiden Phänomenen als semantische Differenzierung ausgelegt, die der strukturellen Differenzierung der genannten Funktionssysteme auf der Ebene der Weltgesellschaft nachfolgt.