bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virulence Properties of GI-23 Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolated in Poland and Efficacy of Different Vaccination strategies
Authors: Lisowska Anna , Pikuła Anna , Opolska Justyna , Jasik Agnieszka , Kycko Anna , Domańska-Blicharz Katarzyna
Published: April 2021

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is one of the most important poultry pathogens, leading significant economic losses worldwide. IBV is characterised by highly genetic, serotype, and pathotypic variability. Despite extensive immunoprophylaxis strategies, the emergence of new genetic lineages is frequently observed in the field, causing disease control to be more complicated. In the last decade, the spread of variants assigned to the GI-23 lineage of IBV (formerly known as Var2) started from Middle-Eastern countries and reached Europe in the last few years. Recently, the introduction and fast spread of Var2-like IBVs in Poland was reported. In this study, the virulence properties and efficacy of different vaccination programmes were evaluated against infection with the IBV GI-23 strain gammaCoV/Ck/Poland/G052/2016. The pathogenicity of the Var2 isolate was conducted in one-day-old and three-week-old SPF chickens and showed that the course of the disease is age dependent. Seven vaccination programmes using Mass, 793B, QX alone or in combination, and Var2 live vaccines were tested against the GI-23 infectious bronchitis virus challenge. All groups were scored according to the ciliostasis test at 5 days post challenge. Two immunoprophylaxis strategies generated full protection against gammaCoV/Ck/Poland/G052/2016 infection—Var2 and Mass used in one-day-old chickens boosted by a combination of the QX and 793B vaccine (both with a ciliostasis score of 0 and 100% protection).
High Diversity of Cryptosporidium Species and Subtypes Identified in Cryptosporidiosis Acquired in Sweden and Abroad
Authors: Lebbad Marianne , Winiecka-Krusnell Jadwiga , Stensvold Christen Rune , Beser Jessica
Published: April 2021

The intestinal protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium is an important cause of diarrheal disease worldwide. The aim of this study was to expand the knowledge on the molecular epidemiology of human cryptosporidiosis in Sweden to better understand transmission patterns and potential zoonotic sources. Cryptosporidium-positive fecal samples were collected between January 2013 and December 2014 from 12 regional clinical microbiology laboratories in Sweden. Species and subtype determination was achieved using small subunit ribosomal RNA and 60 kDa glycoprotein gene analysis. Samples were available for 398 patients, of whom 250 (63%) and 138 (35%) had acquired the infection in Sweden and abroad, respectively. Species identification was successful for 95% (379/398) of the samples, revealing 12 species/genotypes: Cryptosporidium parvum (n = 299), C. hominis (n = 49), C. meleagridis (n = 8), C. cuniculus (n = 5), Cryptosporidium chipmunk genotype I (n = 5), C. felis (n = 4), C. erinacei (n = 2), C. ubiquitum (n = 2), and one each of C. suis, C. viatorum, C. ditrichi, and Cryptosporidium horse genotype. One patient was co-infected with C. parvum and C. hominis. Subtyping was successful for all species/genotypes, except for C. ditrichi, and revealed large diversity, with 29 subtype families (including 4 novel ones: C. parvum IIr, IIs, IIt, and Cryptosporidium horse genotype VIc) and 81 different subtypes. The most common subtype families were IIa (n = 164) and IId (n = 118) for C. parvum and Ib (n = 26) and Ia (n = 12) for C. hominis. Infections caused by the zoonotic C. parvum subtype families IIa and IId dominated both in patients infected in Sweden and abroad, while most C. hominis cases were travel-related. Infections caused by non-hominis and non-parvum species were quite common (8%) and equally represented in cases infected in Sweden and abroad.
Light-Induced Effects in Amorphous Chalcogenide Glasses: Femtoseconds to Seconds
Authors: Khan Pritam , Adarsh K. V.
Published: April 2021

Amorphous chalcogenide glasses are intrinsically metastable, highly photosensitive, and therefore exhibit numerous light-induced effects upon bandgap and sub-bandgap illumination. Depending on the pulse duration of the excitation laser, ChGs exhibit a series of light-induced effects spanning over femtosecond to seconds time domain. For continuous wave (CW) illumination, the effects are dominantly metastable in terms of photodarkening (PD) and photobleaching (PB) that take place via homopolar to heteropolar bond conversion. On the other hand, under nanosecond and ultrafast pulsed illumination, ChGs exhibit transient absorption (TA) that is instigated from the transient bonding rearrangements through self-trapped exciton recombination. In the first part of the review, we pay special attention to continuous wave light-induced PD and PB, while in the second part we will focus on the TA and controlling such effects via internal and external parameters, e.g., chemical composition, temperature, sample history, etc.
Potential for Natural Fiber Reinforcement in PLA Polymer Filaments for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) Additive Manufacturing: A Review
Authors: Lee Ching Hao , Padzil Farah Nadia Binti Mohammad , Lee Seng Hua , Ainun Zuriyati Mohamed Asa’ari , Abdullah Luqman Chuah
Published: April 2021

In this review, the potential of natural fiber and kenaf fiber (KF) reinforced PLA composite filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D-printing technology is highlighted. Additive manufacturing is a material-processing method in which the addition of materials layer by layer creates a three-dimensional object. Unfortunately, it still cannot compete with conventional manufacturing processes, and instead serves as an economically effective tool for small-batch or high-variety product production. Being preformed of composite filaments makes it easiest to print using an FDM 3D printer without or with minimum alteration to the hardware parts. On the other hand, natural fiber-reinforced polymer composite filaments have gained great attention in the market. However, uneven printing, clogging, and the inhomogeneous distribution of the fiber-matrix remain the main challenges. At the same time, kenaf fibers are one of the most popular reinforcements in polymer composites. Although they have a good record on strength reinforcement, with low cost and light weight, kenaf fiber reinforcement PLA filament is still seldom seen in previous studies. Therefore, this review serves to promote kenaf fiber in PLA composite filaments for FDM 3D printing. To promote the use of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composite in AM, eight challenges must be solved and carried out. Moreover, some concerns arise to achieve long-term sustainability and market acceptability of KF/PLA composite filaments.
The Trend of Scientific Productivity of Chinese, European Union, and United States Universities and Private Companies: Does the Future Belong to E-Technology Companies?
Authors: Carta Mauro G. , Angermeyer Matthias C. , Tagliagambe Silvano
Published: April 2021

The purpose is to verify trends of scientific production from 2010 to 2020, considering the best universities of the United States, China, the European Union (EU), and private companies. The top 30 universities in 2020 in China, the EU, and the US and private companies were selected from the SCImago institutions ranking (SIR). The positions in 2020, 2015, and 2010 in SIR and three sub-indicators were analyzed by means of non-parametric statistics, taking into consideration the effect of time and group on rankings. American and European Union universities have lost positions to Chinese universities and even more to private companies, which have improved. In 2020, private companies have surpassed all other groups considering Innovation as a sub-indicator. The loss of leadership of European and partly American universities mainly concerns research linked to the production of patents. This can lead to future risks of monopoly that may elude public control and cause a possible loss of importance of research not linked to innovation.
A Hybrid Differential Symbiotic Organisms Search Algorithm for UAV Path Planning
Authors: Huo Lisu , Zhu Jianghan , Li Zhimeng , Ma Manhao
Published: April 2021

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) path planning is crucial in UAV mission fulfillment, with the aim of finding a satisfactory path within affordable time and moderate computation resources. The problem is challenging due to the complexity of the flight environment, especially in three-dimensional scenarios with obstacles. To solve the problem, a hybrid differential symbiotic organisms search (HDSOS) algorithm is proposed by combining the mutation strategy of differential evolution (DE) with the modified strategies of symbiotic organism search (SOS). The proposed algorithm preserves the local search capability of SOS, and at the same time has impressive global search ability. The concept of traction function is put forward and used to improve the efficiency. Moreover, a perturbation strategy is adopted to further enhance the robustness of the algorithm. Extensive simulation experiments and comparative study in two-dimensional and three-dimensional scenarios show the superiority of the proposed algorithm compared with particle swarm optimization (PSO), DE, and SOS algorithm.
Evaluation Analysis of Forest Ecological Security in 11 Provinces (Cities) of the Yangtze River Economic Belt
Authors: Wang Yiran , Zhang Dahong , Wang Yahui
Published: April 2021

The forest ecological security of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has an important influence on improving the regional environment and promoting the sustainable development of the social economy. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide countermeasures and suggestions for improving the level of regional ecological security by quantitatively analyzing the forest ecological security status of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the tributaries of the Yangtze River. Using three main aspects, i.e., resources, socio-economic pressure and maintenance response, the study established 26 indicators that affect the forest ecological security of 11 provinces (cities) in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The index weights were determined by principal component analysis, and the forest ecological security levels of 11 provinces (cities) in the Yangtze River Economic Belt were classified and evaluated by the grey clustering method. The results show the following: (1) the principal component analysis determined the weight of the three aspect indicators. The order is as follows: resource index > socio-economic pressure index > maintenance response index. This means that the basic environmental condition which the forest growth depends on and quality and quantity of forest is most important, and the maintenance activities performed by human beings in forest resources need to be strengthened. (2) The level of the forest ecological security in all the provinces (cities) of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is relatively good, with an upward trend. The level of forest ecological security in each province (city) decreases from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin to the lower reaches, and the level of forest ecological security in the central cities is lower. (3) The resource index, socio-economic pressure index and maintenance response index of all the provinces and cities showed an upward trend in these four years. The provinces with a significantly higher forest resource index include Yunnan and Guizhou. Shanghai, Chongqing, Sichuan, Hunan and Jiangxi were the provinces with significantly higher socio-economic pressure values; Yunnan province, Shanghai, Jiangxi Province and Hubei province were the provinces with higher forest maintenance response values.
How Do Ground Litter and Canopy Regulate Surface Runoff?—A Paired-Plot Investigation after 80 Years of Broadleaf Forest Regeneration
Authors: Nainar Anand , Kishimoto Koju , Takahashi Koichi , Gomyo Mie , Kuraji Koichiro
Published: April 2021

Relatively minimal attention has been given to the hydrology of natural broadleaf forests compared to conifer plantations in Japan. We investigated the impacts of ground litter removal and forest clearing on surface runoff using the paired runoff plot approach. Plot A (7.4 m2) was maintained as a control while plot B (8.1 m2) was manipulated. Surface runoff was measured by a tipping-bucket recorder, and rainfall by a tipping-bucket rain gauge. From May 2016 to July 2019, 20, 54, and 42 runoff events were recorded in the no-treatment (NT), litter removed before clearcutting (LRBC), and after clearcutting (AC) phases, respectively. Surface runoff increased 4× when moving from the NT to LRBC phase, and 4.4× when moving from the LRBC to AC phase. Antecedent precipitation index (API11) had a significant influence on surface runoff in the LRBC phase but not in the NT and AC phases. Surface runoff in the AC phase was high regardless of API11. The rainfall required for initiating surface runoff is 38% and 56% less when moving from the NT to LRBC, and LRBC to AC phases, respectively. Ground litter and canopy function to reduce surface runoff in regenerated broadleaf forests.
Comparing Options to Electrify Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Findings of German Pilot Projects
Authors: Speth Daniel , Funke Simon Árpád
Published: April 2021

While the electrification of passenger vehicles is in full swing, for the decarbonization of heavy-duty trucks still various challenges exist. Especially the high energy consumption in combination with high daily driving ranges makes battery electric operation much more difficult than for passenger cars. Accordingly, a broad set of different drivetrains is discussed, inter alia hydrogen trucks, catenary hybrid trucks and synthetic fuels. One main advantage of the direct use of electricity in trucks is the high energy efficiency. Still, for heavy duty trucks different concepts for electrification do exist. Here, we compare battery electric trucks with a fast charging option, full electric catenary trucks and battery swap trucks. For a broad perspective, we use seven different comparative dimensions ranging from total cost of ownership to more qualitative but not less important aspects such as necessity of standardization, which would reduce manufacturer’s decision-making freedom. We base our comparison on findings from German pilot projects. While battery electric trucks or battery swap are advantageous since they can be operated in niche operations and thus allow a demand driven rollout of charging infrastructure, catenary infrastructure needs high investments upfront which entails financial risks, but allows for lowest cost if utilized to capacity.
Formation of controlling as a direction of economic science and management practice
Authors: Plaskova Nataliya S.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the systematization of the historical stages of financial controlling, its development and transformation into an independent field of economic knowledge, the disclosure of modern directions for improving its theory and practice for the purposes of managing the activities of economic entities. The author reveals the functions of financial controlling and its future-oriented concept, which contributes to the solution of current and strategic management tasks to ensure high efficiency of economic activity of a modern organization. The article presents Russian and foreign innovations in the field of financial controlling organization, substantiation of its methodological tools, updating of the content, the nature of the dynamics of its structural components and monitoring parameters in retrospective and forecast aspects.
THE USE OF SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE IN CRIMINAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE COURT PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Humenskyi O.
Published: April 2021

A correct understanding of special knowledge is an important condition for its application in all necessary cases, due to the need for legal proceedings. Special features that characterize special knowledge are the following:
– this knowledge is not generally known, generally available and unit;
– a person in the process of theoretical and practical preparation for a specific activity acquires them;
– are used not once;
– are provided in indirect form, not direct form;
– are involved in the process in accordance with the procedure established by law if the participants in the process have a need for this kind of knowledge;
– are used in the forms provided for by procedural legislation;
– its use is associated with a certain level of education and/or training, as well as professional or other experience;
– such knowledge helps to ensure the adoption of a lawful and justified act of the pre-trial investigation bodies and the court as a judicial authority.
The basis of special knowledge must necessarily be theoretical, scientific validity. Special knowledge in criminal proceedings is knowledge and skills obtained as a result of special education and/or practical activity in any field of science, technology, art or craft, which are used by the participants in the process determined by the law within the powers granted to each of them to solve procedural tasks according to a certain procedure.
Special knowledge is personalized knowledge acquired and assimilated by a specific person in the process of cognitive activity. In addition, the understanding of cognition as an activity to achieve knowledge corresponds to the concept of judicial cognition as a process for the formation of knowledge about the circumstances that are significant for the correct consideration and resolution of the case.
The basis for the use of special knowledge is the need for it in order to obtain evidence-based information: 1) by establishing in the process of research facts that cannot be obtained in another way (examination); 2) by using special knowledge to provide advice, clarifications, assistance in formulating questions to an expert or the commission of other procedural actions.
Depending on the subject, type of activity and the purpose of its application, procedural and non-procedural forms of using special knowledge are distinguished.
Depending on the legal purpose, the distribution of forms of using special knowledge is carried out as follows: if new evidence is formed using special knowledge, this is a procedural form; if special knowledge is used for the internal conviction of the subject of proof, this is a non-procedural form.
THE NECESSITY OF REGULATION OF THE DEFINITION “DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDIES IN THE EXPERT’S CONCLUSION”
Authors: Poltavskyi A.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the problem of interpretation of the normatively fixed definition “detailed description of the studies in the expert’s conclusion”, which (that is, conclusion) is a source of evidence in the procedural law of Ukraine. There are presented the views of forensic scientists, the international standards adopted in Ukraine are analyzed, the ILAC G19: 08/2014 “Modules in a Forensic Science Process” guidelines, the draft of fifth part of the ISO 21043 standard “Reporting” regarding the content of this definition. It is stated that “the detailed description of the studies in the expert’s conclusion” is based on the dialectical-materialistic method, methods of formal logic, general scientific methods, methods of maternal sciences and special methods, that is, methodologies of conducting forensic examinations. A parallel is drawn with the latter as with normative documents that should regulate the process of description in the research part of the conclusion.
Based on the obtained results of the analysis, it was concluded that in the forensic examination methodology, as a detailed program for solving an expert assignment, in the section that regulates the procedure for formalizing the research conducted by an expert conclusion, the procedure for a detailed description of the research should be determined, which allows for interpretation the results obtained (assessment of the results of the studies carried out and the formulation of conclusions) by others who did not conduct an examination, by qualified specialists having the appropriate competence to confirm the reliability of the results and formulated answers to the questions posed, including by reproducing and/or repeating the process of producing the examination.
In order to solve the problem raised, it is necessary to develop the state standard of Ukraine - DSTU XXXX: 202__ “Forensic expert activity. Forensic examination methodologies. Requirements”, in which to determine, inter alia, the content of the definition “detailed description of the studies in the expert’s conclusion”.
FORENSIC DATABASES IN POLAND. LEGAL ISSUES RELATED TO RIGHT TO THE PROTECTION OF PERSONAL DATA AND RIGHT TO PRIVACY
Authors: Wilk Dariusz
Published: April 2021

Forensic databases are crucial resources in criminal justice systems, which allow for detection and identification of offenders. General Data Protection Regulation and Police Directive about processing of personal data were enacted in the European Union in 2016, which implied changes in national law and policy in processing genetic and biometric data by law enforcements. Therefore, current development of DNA and fingerprint databases in Poland were revealed and compared to other European countries. Changes in the law related to processing of genetic and biometric data were analysed. Issues related to the distinction between different categories of data subject and retention time of personal data were especially commented in the view of right to the protection of personal data and right to privacy.
POWERS OF AN INVESTIGATING JUDGE IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Stratonov V.
Published: April 2021

The basis of the legal and judicial reform that is being carried out in Ukraine is the reform of the judicial system. At the same time, the purpose and activities of other law enforcement agencies are changing. In this regard, the legislator improves the activities and increases the role of the pre-trial investigation bodies, the prosecutor, the court, and especially the investigating judge in criminal proceedings, including expanding their powers and influence on the rights and freedoms of participants in criminal proceedings. Since there is no separate article of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, which would indicate the powers (rights and obligations) of the investigating judge, we summarize the powers of the investigating judge, which are “scattered” throughout the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine and actualize the problems of both theoretical and practical directions.
Lineamientos para una auditoría operacional como herramienta para el mejoramiento de la gestión de inventarios
Authors: María Chávez  , Fiorella Ochoa  , Fredis Vadell
Published: April 2021

La investigación tiene como objetivo  proponer una  metodología para una auditoría operacional para el mejoramiento de la gestión de inventarios La investigación fue de naturaleza cuantitativa,  bajo la modalidad de proyecto factible, de tipo descriptiva con diseño de campo, la información fue recolectada directamente  de fuentes primarias, la población y la muestra estuvo conformada por cuatro (04) empleados relacionados directamente con el inventario. Para la obtención de la información la técnica utilizada fue la encuesta, como instrumento el cuestionario, estuvo conformado por veintidós (22) ítems,  a la escala de Lickert;  validado por  juicio de experto y aplicando la fórmula de Alpha de Cronbach. Los resultados revelaron que la gerencia desconocer las razones de ineficiencia en la gestión de inventarios por consiguiente  necesita algún tipo de herramienta que detecte oportunamente los problemas potenciales que pueden repercutir de una manera negativa en los resultados o que afecta la eficiencia de la empresa.
EDITORIAL
Authors: José German Salinas Gamboa
Published: April 2021

La revista de REBA (Vol. 2, N° 1, enero 2020) se presenta una reseña breve de los artículos de investigación que se incluyen en este número como resultado del trabajo de investigación que se articulan con el interés empresarial en el área de estudios tributarios, de inventarios y gestión de procesos.
Sistematización del proceso operativo de gestión del flujo de efectivo en el departamento de tesorería
Authors: Gabriela Meza  , Ivette Montenegro  , Estefanía Vásquez
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo fue desarrollado en la empresa AUTOSALUD FARMACIA, C.A, franquicia de LOCATEL, El objetivo del estudio fue proponer un sistema de control en los procesos operativos para la gestión del efectivo en el departamento de tesorería, para el  mejoramiento en la administración de este rubro tan importante para toda empresa. Desde la óptica metodológica, la investigación de tipo descriptiva,  bajo la modalidad proyecto factible, la cual buscó proponer una solución a la problemática que viene presentando la organización. Bajo el diseño de trabajo de campo, la indagación se complementó con la revisión de fuentes bibliográficas-documentales. Los datos recolectados permitieron concluir que existe deficiencia en el manejo del efectivo, en consecuencia a la ausencia de normas, políticas y procedimientos que permitan un control adecuado del efectivo; situaciones que sirvieron de base para configurar un sistema que permita un adecuado control de los procesos operativos asociados a la gestión del efectivo.
Salario y desempeño: influencia en la calidad del trabajo
Authors: César Gil  , Francisca Gómez
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en evidenciar la relación que existe entre los sueldos establecidos por las empresas con el rendimiento manifestado por los trabajadores y la influencia de ambos elementos en la calidad laboral. Esta investigación se desarrolló empleando el método hermenéutico en contexto teórico, documental. Los resultados a través de la disertación teórica, señalaron la existencia de diversas vinculaciones entre la remuneración y el rendimiento laboral, que efectivamente inciden en la eficiencia y eficacia empresarial. En este sentido, se concluye como los sueldos ofrecidos siendo elevados, logran un alto rendimiento afectando favorablemente la eficiencia laboral, sin embargo cuando los salarios no representan un buen incentivo, los individuos se ven desmotivados, por lo cual los niveles de desempeño tienden a ser bajos, provocando efectos negativos en la calidad laboral.
Patrimônio(s) e educação patrimonial
Authors: Cruz Glauber Eduardo Ribeiro
Published: April 2021

A cidade de Santa Luzia/MG e a sociedade luziense mantém uma relação ambígua com o patrimônio histórico edificado. O foco do patrimônio tem sido o centro histórico da cidade com monumentos do período colonial e a sociedade, especificamente porque o que se percebe é que os estudantes se mantêm desinteressados e distantes do usufruto e da compreensão desse conjunto arquitetônico. Por isso, o texto tem o objetivo de, por meio da educação patrimonial, construir vínculos entre os/as estudantes da cidade de Santa Luzia e o patrimônio histórico edificado.
Waldemar Cordeiro e Wesley Duke Lee
Authors: Sousa Chaves Reginaldo
Published: April 2021

O
presente artigo busca discutir as linguagens artísticas de Waldemar Cordeiro e Wesley Duke Lee em meio ao processo de metropolização e cosmopolitização da cidade de São Paulo entre a década de 1950 e 1964. Abordamos as obras dos dois artistas a partir do modo como ambos constituíram, estética e politicamente, temporalidades com base na modernidade paulistana. Para cumprir o escopo deste estudo, colocamos em discussão os debates artísticos da época, situando os dois intelectuais a partir de suas perspectivas sobre modernidade e visualidade: Cordeiro identificado ao concretismo e Duke Lee ao neodadaísmo e surrealismo. Por fim, apontamos as diferenças entre as propostas dos artistas em urdir temporalidades, acionando sensibilidades utópicas e modernizantes em Waldemar Cordeiro e nostálgicas e antimodernas em Wesley Duke Lee.
violência nos séculos XI e XII
Authors: Ribeiro Brito Leandro
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar o uso da palavra violência nas documentações dos séculos XI e XII. Além disso, compreender a relação com a construção de uma verdade que tem como propósito determinar o que é ou não violência e, a partir daí, refletir sobre o que hoje consideramos um ato violento. A metodologia empregada para tal é a análise de discurso foucaultiana. Esta escolha se justifica por compartilharmos da visão que o discurso é propositivo e tem uma vontade de verdade que busca deixar de fora aquilo que rejeita. Além disso, apontaremos uma possibilidade de análise do conceito de violência a partir da contemporaneidade.
Idas e vindas do navio negreiro Brookes
Authors: Castilho Pereira Saulo
Published: April 2021

Trazida a público pela primeira vez em 1787, pelo fundador e maior entusiasta do movimento abolicionista britânico Thomas Clarkson, o diagrama do navio negreiro Brookes se tornou emblemático para as lutas abolicionistas no século seguinte por revelar as condições desumanas em que os escravizados eram submetidos nos navios negreiros. Ao mostrar como eram organizados, de maneira a levar o máximo deles ocupando o menor espaço possível, Clarkson expôs a violência racional e radical do comércio de almas. A imagem do navio foi reproduzida diversas vezes em contextos diferentes, em especial nas artes plásticas. Neste artigo analisaremos as obras de Romuald Hazoumé e Rosana Paulino, questionando como as apropriações artísticas são capazes de propor uma revisão crítica da imagem do navio Brookes e das contradições do discurso abolicionista, radicalizando e reatualizando as lutas contra o racismo e outras formas de dominação, exploração e violência racial no tempo presente.
constituição do destombamento
Authors: Pedro Soares Carolina
Published: April 2021

O texto analisa a construção das redes que influenciaram direta ou indiretamente as motivações que levaram a concepção do Decreto-lei 3866/1941, em que passa a ser instituído o cancelamento do tombamento – ou destombamento. Para isso, será analisado o processo de tombamento da Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Rosário, em Porto Alegre, que tangencia, entre outras coisas, a relação entre Estado Novo e Igreja Católica e a influência dialética entre ambos, e se encontra na gênese do referido Decreto-Lei. Pretende-se ainda colocar em perspectiva as redes nacionais em que se baseava o SPHAN e as redes locais, onde estava inserido em sua origem, Getúlio Vargas.
Orientalismos como espelhos
Authors: Brancaglione Cristofi Renato
Published: April 2021

O artigo presente discorre sobre a historicidade, fenomenologia e sentidos do Orientalismo nas arquiteturas europeias do século XIX. Procura-se oferecer uma abordagem conceitual sobre tais manifestações e linguagens na cultura material edificada, enquanto produções sociais marcadas por tensões próprias de linguagem arquitetônica fundamentalmente parlante e de representação do ‘outro’. Intentamos, por assim, contribuir com um debate que observa o orientalismo na arquitetura, antes de tudo, como uma autoridade do conhecimento e de práxis simbólica, de distinção e afirmação da Europa – e do Ocidente. Materializada enquanto conhecimento, que a partir dos olhares categorizadores e edificadores dos seus arquitetos, eram - por arte - capazes de conceber um Oriente cativo, a ser exibido pelas ruas das cidades europeias, no panteão de seus triunfos, como arquiteturas aos gostos de “um Oriente” reconhecível.
Fiber-Shaped Triboiontronic Electrochemical Transistor
Authors: Yu Jinran , Qin Shanshan , Zhang Huai , Wei Yichen , Zhu Xiaoxiao , Yang Ya , Sun Qijun
Published: April 2021

Contact electrification-activated triboelectric potential offers an efficient route to tuning the transport properties in semiconductor devices through electrolyte dielectrics, i.e., triboiontronics. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) make more effective use of ion injection in the electrolyte dielectrics by changing the doping state of the semiconductor channel. However, the mainstream flexible/wearable electronics and OECT-based devices are usually modulated by electrical signals and constructed in conventional geometry, which lack direct and efficient interaction between the external environment and functional electronic devices. Here, we demonstrate a fiber-shaped triboiontronic electrochemical transistor with good electrical performances, including a current on/off ratio as high as ≈1286 with off-current at ~nA level, the average threshold displacements (

D

th

) of 0.3 mm, the subthreshold swing corresponding to displacement (

S

S

D

) at 1.6 mm/dec, and excellent flexibility and durability. The proposed triboiontronic electrochemical transistor has great potential to be used in flexible, functional, and smart self-powered electronic textile.
The Portrait of the King in the Purananuru
Authors: Ali Nazir
Published: April 2021

There is no disputing the fact that the Purananuru firmly places the king or the chieftain as the central and dominant figure of the classical age. Almost every poem is a paean to his nobility, bravery or generosity. Whether it is fighting a battle or rewarding an indigent poet or defending his capital from an aggressor, the king occupies the centre stage. The rise and fall of his state is in direct proportion to his own rise and fall thereby binding his fortunes with the wellbeing of the society he rules. He is expected to be righteous and just not only for his own sake but for the sake of the kingdom. There is so much riding on the king that a false step will not only ruin him personally but also plunge the whole nation into chaos. It is this synonymy between the king and the state that the Purananuru captures and constructs and by doing so, it constructs the whole of the society and its power structure.
Feminist Ideology in Lakshmi Novels
Authors: Shobana H , Kumar M
Published: April 2021

Feminism is a political concept centered on the welfare of women. A political position demanding equality, liberation and justice for women. This political concept cannot be used as a theory for literary study unless it is transformed into a literary study approach. Feminist literary theory is art. In the literature the woman is portrayed as very vulnerable, consumerist, emaciated and exposed to them as opposed to being identified as a tool to fulfill her sexual needs. The aim of feminist literary theory can be to find in social literature the social factors that contribute to the status of today’s woman of inequality and freedom.
Cause/antecedents/history (News Performance)
Authors: Humprecht Edda
Published: April 2021

Field of application/theoretical foundation:
Analyses using the constructs cause/antecedents/history in news content are theoretically related to the news performance and democratic function of the media (McQuail, 1992). This construct is linked to professional standards and the normative assumption that the media should provide the audience with background information on current events and issues (Westerstahl, 1983). For example, news can be used to explain how a particular problem occurred, what happened beforehand and what the concrete reasons are for the current situation.
References/combination with other methods of data collection:
The analysis of reporting on the causes, background and history of events is complex and requires an understanding of the context and the relationships established by the journalist. As a result of this complexity, no automated measurement procedures have yet been developed.
Example study:
Humprecht (2016)
 
Table 1. Study summary

Author(s)

Sample

Unit of Analysis

Values

Reliability

Humprecht (2016)

Content type: Political routine-period news
Outlet/ country: 48 online news outlets from six countries (CH, DE, FR, IT, UK, US)
Sampling period: June – July 2012
Sample size: N= 1660

Unit of analysis: Political news items (make reference to a political actor, e.g. politician, party, institution in headline, sub?headline, in first paragraph or in an accompanying visual)
News items are all journalistic articles mentioned on the front page (‘first layer’ of the website) that are linked to the actual story (on second layer of website)

Not mentioned
Rudimental mention (e.g. reference to previous events without explanation)
Mentioned in detail (e.g. explanation of historical events, causes, etc.)
 

Cohen’s kappa average ≥0.69

 
References
Humprecht, E. (2016). Shaping Online News Performance. In Palgrave Macmillan. Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56668-3
McQuail, D. (1992). Media Performance: Mass Communication and the Public Interest. Sage Publications.
Westerstahl, J. (1983). Objective news reporting: General premises. Communication Research, 10, 403–424.
THE EFFECT OF INCOME LEVEL, KNOWLEDGE, TAXPAYER AWARENESS AND TAX OFFICER SERVICES ON COMPLIANCE WITH PAYING LAND AND BUILDING TAXES IN PASAR REBO SUBDISTRICT, EAST JAKARTA
Authors: Novrianto Arnoldus Christo , Rachmawati Nurul Aisyah
Published: April 2021

This study aims to find out the influence of income levels, knowledge, taxpayer awareness and tax officer services on the compliance of paying land and building taxes. The population of this research includes the taxpayers of the land and buildings located in the city of East Jakarta, especially in Pasar Rebo District. Questionnaires obtained after being distributed to respondents amounted to 110. This research uses quantitative approach and uses structural model analysis (SEM). This research also uses hypothesis testing in the form of z test. The results shows that the level of knowledge has no effect on taxpayer compliance while the level of income, awareness and service of tax officers has a positive effect on taxpayer compliance.
THE EFFECT OF AWARENESS, MORALITY, TAX CULTURE, AND DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE ON THE TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE
Authors: Nurlela Ina , Kurniawan Asep , Umiyati Indah
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of awareness, morality, tax culture and distributive justice on the taxpayer compliance partially and simultaneously. The data used in this study are primary data by distributing questionnaires. The method used in sampling is a non probability sampling method with incidental sampling technique and the number of samples in this study amounted to 107 respondents consisting of perpetrator Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs). The data is processed using the classical assumption test method, multiple linear regression analysis, t test, and F test.

The results showed that partially (t test), the variable understanding of morality and tax culture had a positive effect on the taxpayer compliance of Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs). While the variable awareness and distributive justice did not affect the taxpayer compliance of Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs). Simultaneous results (F test) show that awareness, morality, tax culture and distributive justice on the taxpayer compliance.
Green Synthesis of new heterocyclic hydrazones, spectroscopic characterization
Authors: Cabrera-Vivas Blanca Martha , Palillero-Cisneros Angel , Meléndez-Balbuena Lidia , Morales-Lara Laura
Published: April 2021

The present project analyses the synthesis of three hydrazones with new structures by Green Chemistry, for its later spectroscopic characterization. Hydrazones are organic compounds with interesting properties, such as being solids with specific melting points and colors depending on their structure. Hydrazones and substituted derivatives are a group of versatile compounds and leading molecules because they are potential bioactive agents with an ample spectrum of pharmacological activities. It is important to note that these properties are a consequence of the presence of the imine group that possess high electronic density. The objective is the synthesis of heterocyclic hydrazones derived from furan and thiophencarbaldehyde with novel structures that allow the synthesis of optimized compounds with biomedical applications. Synthesis, purification and characterization of organic compounds was designed to combat illnesses with maximum positive effects and minimum toxicity, in order to evaluate their activity in specific cell lines.
Traceability of raw materials processes in the steel industry
Authors: Silva-Avila Alicia Elena , Castorena-Peña Jesús Abraham , Dominguez-Lugo Alma Jovita , Rodríguez-Montelongo Diana Laura
Published: April 2021

Companies today experience extreme competition, mainly due to the growing pressures of technology changes and global challenges. These "emerging" pressures result in globalization of manufacturing, characterized by faster material transfers, complex payment systems and compression of product life cycles, which drives the need for superior integration of technologies with the needs of customers increasingly sophisticated. Because of this technological change, the processes that were done manually in a company are no longer very helpful, due to the constant errors that occur in their time of execution and response. Given the previous context, the objective was to develop a system based on SCRUM software development methodologies (name that comes from a certain play that takes place during a rugby match), using C # 2017 software and Microsoft SQL Server 2012; In this way, the contribution that will be made will be to allow the area of raw materials and central laboratory within a steel company, to track the processes, thereby speeding up the release of materials.
Materials for the intervention of construction systems for adobe housing
Authors: CASTILLO-REYES Alberto Rosendo , VÁZQUEZ-TORRES María del Rayo , MORALES-ORTEGA Alejandro , MONTERO-URRUSQUIETA Rubén Ángel
Published: April 2021

This research aims to identify the relationship between the deterioration of constructions and restoration systems that will allow their permanence. The method applied to this research is qualitative in nature to publicize the maintenance systems that will allow the recovery of adobe constructions and recognize the technical richness. Qualitative research allows us to establish the observations of the social world, considering the experiences of the community, so that they can obtain information about their values, experiences, practices, customs and traditions. All this to come to issue solutions that do not attack your social environment and your urban image. The stages of the research were: fieldwork linking access to the field with productive data collection; data analysis in a continuous review that consisted of reducing information, disposition, transformation and obtaining results and verifying them to reach conclusions. Finally, the preparation of the report generated various approaches, and one of them produced the theme of this work whose contribution is that it identifies the constructive systems that can serve to generate new lines of research to promote the conservation of traditional architecture.
Behçet Hastalarında Paterji Testi
Authors: DURMAZ Yunus
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Çalışmanın birincil amacı aktif Behçet Hastalarında (BH), ilk tanı anındaki paterji pozitiflik sıklığını araştırmaktır. İkincil amacı ise paterji durumu ile sosyodemografik, klinik ve laboratuvar özellikleri karşılaştırmaktır. Materyal ve metod: Çalışmada 110 BH retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların ilk tanı anındaki sosyodemografik özellikleri (yaş, cinsiyet), klinik bulguları, paterji test (PT) sonuçları, sedimentasyon (mm/sa) ve C-reaktif protein (CRP) (mg/L) değerleri kayıt edildi. Hastalık semptomlarının başlangıç yaşı <40 olanlar klasik başlangıçlı, ≥40 olanlar geç başlangıçlı BH olarak kabul edildi. Hastalık aktivitesi için Krause Behçet Hastalığı Klinik Aktivite Skoru kullanıldı. Bulgular: Yüz on Behçet hastasının 36’sında (%32.7) PT’nin pozitif olduğu görüldü. PT pozitif hastaların 31’inde (%86.1) genital ülser, 9’unda (%25.0) artrit, 7’sinde (%19.4) üveit, 10’unda (%27.8) derin ven trombozu, 10’unda (%27.8) papulo-püstüler lezyon, 6’sında (%16.7) eritema nodozum, 1’inde (%2.8) nöroparankimal 1’inde de (%2.8) nörovasküler tutulum mevcuttu. PT negatif olan hastalarda bu sıklıklar sırası ile 66(%89.2), 19(%25.7), 22(%29.7), 19(%25.7), 12(%16.2), 7(%9.5), 2(%2.7), 1(%1.4) idi. PT’nin pozitiflik durumu ile klinik bulguların görülme sıklıkları istatistiksel açıdan farklı değildi (p>0.05). PT pozitif hastalarda sedimentasyon (mm/sa) ortanca değeri 16(2-98) iken CRP (mg/L) ortanca değeri 3.78(0-126) idi. PT negatif olanlarda bu değerler sırası ile 17.5(1-108) ve 4.5(0-121) idi. PT’nin pozitiflik durumu ile sedimentasyon (mm/sa) ve CRP (mg/L) ortanca değerleri karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı farklılık görülemedi (p>0.05). PT pozitif hastalarda, hastalık aktivitesi toplam skoru ortanca değeri 3 (1-6) iken PT negatif olanlarda bu ortanca değer 3 (1-7) idi. PT pozitif ve negatif olan hastalar hastalık aktivitesi toplam skorları açısından karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı farklılık yoktu (p=0.494). Klasik yaş başlangıçlı hastalar içerisinde PT’si pozitif olan 34(%33.3) hasta var iken geç yaş başlangıçlı olanlar içerisinde PT’si pozitif olan 2(%25.0) hasta vardı. Klasik ve geç başlangıçlı hastalar, PT pozitiflik sıklıkları açısından karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı farklılık bulunamadı (p=1.000). Sonuç: PT pozitifliğinin hastalığın klinik şiddetini tahmin etmede ve BH için tedaviyi düzenlemede yararı halen tartışmalıdır ve daha fazla araştırma gerekmektedir. Belki de PT’nin duyarlılığını artıracak yeni, standardize test yöntemleri bu belirsizliği çözecek ve klinisyenler için testi daha değerli hale getirecektir.
Our Percutaneous Tracheostomy Experience in Our Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: ATLAS Ahmet , ALTAY Nuray
Published: April 2021

Background: To retrospectively evaluate 58 patients who underwent percutaneous tracheostomy in our intensive care unit.Materials and Methods: The study included 58 patients that underwent percutaneous tracheostomy in the ICU at our Anesthesiology and Reanimation department between January 2017 and December 2020.Results: The percutaneous tracheostomy group comprised 33 (56.9%) men and 25 (43.1%) women with a mean age of 65±18.2 (range, 19-90) years. Most common primary diagnosis of hospitalization was neurological disorders (51.7%). Mean APACHE II score was 23.2±3.6, mean time to percutaneous tracheostomy was 18.3±5.1 (range, 7-30) days, mean procedural time was 11.1±2.4 min, mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 62.1±37.8 (range, 15-167) days, mean intensive care unit stay was 67.2±43.5 (range, 15-247) days, and mean hospitalization time was 77.5±50.4 (range, 15-277) days. Hypoxia and hypotension were the most common intraoperative complications and minor bleeding was the most common postoperative complication.Conclusions: Performing early tracheostomy in intensive care unit patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation increases patient comfort, facilitates discontinuation of mechanical ventilation, reduces the dead space, facilitates the clearing of airway secretions, and shortens the duration of intensive care unit and hospital stay. Additionally, percutaneous tracheostomy was revealed as a safe procedure for intensive care unit patients due to its lower complication rates.