bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness and efficiency of using normative messages to reduce waste: A real world experiment
Authors: Salazar Gabby , Neves João , Alves Vasco , Silva Bruno , Giger Jean-Christophe , Veríssimo Diogo
Published: December 2021

Although they are only home to 16% of the global human population, high-income countries produce approximately one third of the world’s waste, the majority of which goes to landfills. To reduce pressure on landfills and natural systems, environmental messaging should focus on reducing consumption. Messages that signal social norms have the potential to influence people to reduce their consumption of comfort goods, such as straws, which are not a necessity for most people. We conducted a randomized field-experiment at a marine park in Portugal to test whether different normative messages reduced visitors’ paper straw use when compared to non-normative messages. We found that a message framed around a positive injunctive norm significantly reduced straw use compared to a non-normative message. We estimated that using the message at 17 park concession stands could keep over 27500 straws out of landfills annually and save the park money after two years.
What is a “Good Life”: Protocol for a qualitative study to explore the viewpoint of older persons
Authors: Michel Hervé , Prévôt-Huille Hélène , Koster Raphaël , Ecarnot Fiona , Grange Zoé , Sanchez Stéphane
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Over the last fifteen years, Living Labs have been on the rise in Europe to bridge the gap between service providers, and the needs of end-users, and to speed up innovation, particularly in the field of healthcare and ageing. Ageing tends to be considered by institutions as a set of risks to be managed for older persons, illustrated in particular via the concepts of “ageing well” or “successful ageing”. In this context, this project aims to define the meaning and the conditions for a good life from the point of view of older persons themselves, thereby improving institutions’ recognition and support of older persons’ ways of living well, rather than imposing a general definition of “successful ageing” based on functional capacity.

Methods and analysis

This qualitative study is designed as an action research underpinned by a Living-Lab approach to co-creation. The aims are to: define the conditions for a good life as accurately as possible with older persons (Step 1); share these findings with different healthcare and service providers to adjust existing services or create new ones (Step 2); and disseminate them more broadly within the regions under study and across the scientific community (Step 3). During Step 1, the features of a “good life” will be analysed in a socio-anthropological study based on semi-directed interviews and observations made in the homes of 70 elderly people living in a wide range of accommodation types and regions. In accordance with French legislation, and as confirmed by our formal Ethics Committee, this study does not require approval. The dissemination stage is integrated into the design of this action research, and notably will provide for the appropriation of research findings by the partners of this study, by setting up creativity sessions (Step 2) and by sharing the general findings through panel discussions bringing together regional and national stakeholders (Step 3).
Changes in attitudes to vaccination as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study of older adults in the UK
Authors: Gallant Allyson J. , Nicholls Louise A. Brown , Rasmussen Susan , Cogan Nicola , Young David , Williams Lynn
Published: December 2021

Background

The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines has brought an unprecedented focus on public attitudes to vaccines, with intention to accept a COVID-19 vaccine fluctuating during the pandemic. However, it is unclear how the pandemic may influence attitudes and behaviour in relation to vaccines in general. The aim of the current study is to examine older adults’ changes in vaccination attitudes and behaviour over the first year of the pandemic.

Methods

In February-March 2020 (before the first COVID-19 national lockdown in the UK), 372 older adults (aged 65+) provided sociodemographic information, self-reported influenza vaccine uptake, and completed two measures of vaccination attitudes: the 5C scale and the Vaccination Attitudes Examination Scale. One-year later, following rollout of COVID-19 vaccines to older adults, participants provided information on their COVID-19 and influenza vaccine uptake in the previous 12 months, and completed the 5C and VAX scales again. Paired samples t-tests were used to examine changes in vaccination attitudes over time.

Results

Almost all participants (98.7%) had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, and a significant increase in influenza uptake was identified (83.6% in 2020 to 91.6% in 2021). Complacency, mistrust of vaccine benefit, concerns about commercial profiteering, and constraints to vaccination had significantly decreased between Time 1 and Time 2, and collective responsibility had significant increased. However, calculation and worries about unforeseen future effects had increased, indicating that participants now perceived higher risks related to vaccination and were taking a more deliberative information-seeking approach.

Conclusion

The results show significant changes in vaccination attitudes across the pandemic. These changes suggest that while older adults became less complacent about the importance of vaccines, concerns about potential risks associated with vaccination increased. It will be important for public health communication to address these concerns for all vaccines offered to this group.
Archivo y documentalismo en la escena argentina. Campo minado de Lola Arias como experiencia de teatro documental
Authors: Arpes Marcela
Published: December 2021

Dentro de los estudios teatrales la categoría teórica denominada «teatro documento» (Weiss [1968] 2017; Vezzero, 2017; Pavis, 1998) es una de las formas dramáticas contemporáneas menos indagadas. Habitualmente el estudio del teatro documento se inscribe dentro de una noción más general llamada «teatro político» (Piscator, 1976;  Brecht [1948] 1983; Badiou, 2011, 2015; Pavis, 1998; Irazabal, 2004). Si bien puede considerarse que todo teatro en sí mismo es político, sin embargo, la noción teórica formulada por Erwin Piscator data de las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Piscator trasladó la teoría marxista al teatro y recogió sus ideas y experiencias en su libro Teatro Político publicado en 1929, allí el autor dedica todo un capítulo a las obras documentales, las cuales liga indefectiblemente a la filosofía del materialismo histórico. El teatro documento o documental puede considerarse un deslinde o una deriva de esta noción, al crearse en el linde entre la ficción y la realidad y trabajar especialmente con las ideas de archivo y documento o fuente primaria. Es también en Alemania donde se logra formalizar esta experiencia creativa sobre todo a partir del teatro y las ideas teóricas de Peter Weiss (1968). El teatro documento se enfrenta a la clásica definición de teatro dramático, confundido muchas veces con la denominación de docudrama, teatro histórico o biodrama, el teatro documental pretende no ser ficcional y además estar protagonizado por los propios involucrados en el acontecimiento que se teatraliza. Es decir, el valor documental radica en la apropiación de una historia real, en la activación semiótica de insumos teatrales (textos, fotos, proyecciones, vestuario, objetos, testimonios) que provienen de ese acontecimiento de la realidad y, además, en que es actuado por personas involucradas en ese hecho. En la Argentina, quien se siente y se reconoce inscripta en el linaje del teatro alemán de siglo XX y especialmente del de Weiss es la escritora, directora de teatro y cine y performer Lola Arias. En el presente artículo, analizaremos la presencia del teatro documental en su obra, pero especialmente en Campo minado (2016- 2020), obra que reúne en escena a tres veteranos argentinos y a tres marines ingleses para narrar y documentar la experiencia y los efectos traumáticos de la guerra de Malvinas.
El giro etnográfico. Apuntes sobre una categoría emergente en la literatura argentina contemporánea
Authors: Crespi Maximiliano
Published: December 2021

Este artículo desarrolla un análisis crítico de la puesta en práctica de la categoría narrativa de etnoficción por el antropólogo cultural Marc Augé en confrontación con el giro etnográfico identificado por Beatriz Sarlo en los temas, conflictos y escenarios escogidos por la narrativa argentina contemporánea. El análisis pone en evidencia los diferentes tipos de funciones de lo etnográfico en el registro de los relatos contemporáneos, al tiempo que permite visibilizar un determinado modelo o matriz de percepción crítica (modernista) conflictuado ante esa emergencia formal.
Estudio Descriptivo: Colposcopia en el diagnóstico de lesiones de cuello uterino en el Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca – Ecuador. 2015-2019
Authors: Ñauta Baculima Manuel Jaime , Zea García Mónica Patricia , Urgilés Coraizaca Miriam Mariana , Verdesoto Bravo Daniela Alejandra
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is a public health issue, being one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Cervical cytology (Papanicolaou) is performed for screening and diagnosis of cervical lesions. In case of a suspicious cytology report, colposcopy is an essential procedure for evaluation of the lower genital tract, to detect early lesions and cancer. The aim of this study was to characterize the colposcopy procedures performed, as a diagnostic and therapeutic method, in patients with abnormal Papanicolaou results. METHODS: This is an observational, descriptive cross-sectional study, whose universe were all the patients with abnormal cytological diagnosis in pap smear, who underwent a colposcopy procedure between 2015 and 2019 at Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, with a total of 1 628 patients. RESULTS: 1 628 colposcopic procedures were included. 55.46% of the population were between 27 to 46 years of age. The predominant marital status was married status (75%). 63.45% of women had their first sexual experience between 21 and 30 years of age. 95.20% of the patients had between 1 and 3 sexual partners. Abnormal pap smear results represent; 37.28% to LSIL, followed by ASC-US (35.81%), and HSIL (14.18%). 67.32% of colposcopies were classified as satisfactory. Biopsy was performed in 71% of the patients, followed by loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) (13.69%), endocervical curettage in 11.05%. The pathology results reported HSIL in 46.56% of the cases, followed by 22.23% as LSIL and chronic cervicitis in 16.27%, 12.28% of the results were negative. CONCLUSION: Three-quarters of all colposcopies were performed on women between 27 and 56 years of age. The most frequently abnormal Pap smear results were: LSIL, followed ASC-US. 67% of the colposcopies were satisfactory. After colposcopy, biopsy was performed in most of the patients, in lower percentage: loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), endocervical curettage and diagnostic hysterectomy. Pathology results reported HSIL in 46.56%, LSIL IN 22.23% and chronic cervicitis in 16.27%; 12.28% of studies were negative.
Prevalencia de hipotiroidismo primario en mujeres de 40–60 años hospitalizadas en el Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, 2018
Authors: Garcés Chiriboga Katherine Gabriela , Ortiz Álvarez Melissa Thalía , Baculima Tenesaca José Mauricio
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Thyroid disorders are a cause of morbidity and disability worldwide, among these, hypothyroidism is one of the most frequent. 95% of the cases of cases of hypothyroidism are primary, characterized by decreased levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and elevated TSH. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of primary hypothyroidism in female patients aged 40-60 years hospitalized at Hospital Jose Carrasco Arteaga during 2018. METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The universe were women between 40 and 60 years old who were hospitalized in the different services at Hospital Jose Carrasco Arteaga during 2018; patients who had a thyroid panel made during hospitalization were included. Women with incomplete medical history were excluded. We didn’t do sampling; all patients who met the inclusion criteria (n=278) were studied. RESULTS: The prevalence of primary hypothyroidism in the studied population was 16.2%; hypothyroidism was slightly more frequent in the age group of 40-44 years with 18.03%. It was more frequent in women residing in the rural area (18.18), than in the urban area. 53.34% of the women identified with hypothyroidism were overweight and 22.22% were obese. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hypothyroidism found in women aged 40 to 60 years old was 16.2%. The prevalence was slightly higher in the 40 to 44 age group. Most of the patients with hypothyroidism were overweight or obese.
Minireview: Utilidad de las pruebas predictivas para parto pretérmino utilizadas en la práctica clínica
Authors: Mogrovejo Gavilanes Miriam Fernanda , Ordoñez Castro Estefanía Rocío , Molina Romero Carlos Eduardo
Published: December 2021

Preterm labor, defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, is a serious obstetric condition that accounts for 11% of pregnancies worldwide. Predictive tests for preterm birth are important, given the personal, economic, and health impact of preterm birth. This review explores the utility of both, the current predictive tests used in clinical practice (maternal characteristics, cervical length and biochemical markers), as well as the new emerging tests. An electronic search was carried out in the scientific health databases: PUBMED, COCHRANE, SCIELO, national universities virtual repositories were also reviewed, using the following search items and their combinations: preterm delivery, cervical length, cervical shortening, cervicometry, fetal fibronectin, risk factors, and maternal characteristics. We included papers in English and Spanish published from 2006 to 2020, which responded to the aim of the review: the utility of predictive test for preterm delivery. A total of 30 articles were included in this review. There are multiple scientific criteria on the different current techniques to identify patients at risk and achieve adequate prevention of preterm birth. Measurement of cervical length by transvaginal ultrasound is the most cost-effective method in women with a history of preterm labor or symptoms of preterm labor; the current evidence allows us to affirm that it is also essential to perform routine cervicometry in all patients, even with low risk. There are promising ultrasound predictive methods such as cervical elastography and cervical consistency index, but there are limitations in their technical implementation, it is proposed that they could be a possible alternative in the future, that can be combined with cervical length measurement. Also, adding cervical length easurement to biochemical tests appears to improve predictive accuracy.
Radial Basis Kernel Regressive Feature Extraction and Robert Ensembled Brown Boost Classifier for Attack Detection in Cloud Environment
Authors: Padmaja K. , Padmaja K.
Published: December 2021

Cloud computing shares the resource in information technology field. The existing technique is failed to provide better results for identifying unknown attacks with higher accuracy and lesser time consumption. In order to address these problems, Radial Basis Kernel Regressive Feature Extracted Brown Boost Classification (RBKRFEBBC) method is introduced for performing the attack detection in cloud computing. The main objective of RBKRFEBBC method is to improve the attack detection performance with higher accuracy and minimal time consumption. Dichotomous radial basis kernelized regressive function is used in RBKRFEBBC method to extract the relevant features through determining the correlation between the output and one or more input variables (i.e., features of patient transaction data). After extracting relevant features, GRNBBC algorithm is used in RBKRFEBBC method to improve the secured data communication performance through classifying the patient data transaction as attack presence or attack absence. By this way, attack detection is carried out in accurate manner. Experimental evaluation is carried out by NSL-KDD dataset using different metrics like attack detection accuracy, attack detection time and error rate. The evaluation result shows RBKRFEBBC method improves the accuracy and minimizes the time consumption as well as error rate than existing works.
Automatic Web Page Classification System with Improved Accuracy
Authors: hra Chait , Lingaraju Dr.G.M. , Jagannatha Dr.S.
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, the Internet contain s a wide variety of online documents, making finding useful information about a given subject impossible, as well as retrieving irrelevant pages. Web document and page recognition software is useful in a variety of fields, including news, medicine, and fitness, research, and information technology. To enhance search capability, a large number of web page classification methods have been proposed, especially for news web pages. Furthermore existing classification approaches seek to distinguish news web pages while still reducing the high dimensionality of features derived from these pages. Due to the lack of automated classification methods, this paper focuses on the classification of news web pages based on their scarcity and importance. This work will establish different models for the identification and classification of the web pages. The data sets used in this paper were collected from popular news websites. In the research work we have used BBC dataset that has five predefined categories. Initially the input source can be preprocessed and the errors can be eliminated. Then the features can be extracted depend upon the web page reviews using Term frequency-inverse document frequency vectorization. In the work 2225 documents are represented with the 15286 features, which represents the tf-idf score for different unigrams and bigrams. This type of the representation is not only used for classification task also helpful to analyze the dataset. Feature selection is done by using the chi-squared test which will be in the task of finding the terms that are most correlated with each of the categories. Then the pointed features can be selected using chi-squared test. Finally depend upon the classifier the web page can be classified. The results showed that list has obtained the highest percentage, which reflect its effectiveness on the classification of web pages.
Social Network Analysis: Towards Complexity Problem
Authors: Nasution Mahyuddin K.M. , Syah Rahmad , Elveny Marischa
Published: December 2021

Social network analysis is a advances from field of social networks. The structuring of social actors, with data models and involving intelligence abstracted in mathematics, and without analysis it will not present the function of social networks. However, graph theory inherits process and computational procedures for social network analysis, and it proves that social network analysis is mathematical and computational dependent on the degree of nodes in the graph or the degree of social actors in social networks. Of course, the process of acquiring social networks bequeathed the same complexity toward the social network analysis, where the approach has used the social network extraction and formulated its consequences in computing.
Troubleshooting Customer Behaviour Against Merchants with Adaptive Multivariate Regression
Authors: Elveny Marischa , Nasution Mahyuddin KM , Zarlis Muhammad , Efendi Syahril
Published: December 2021

Business intelligence can be said to be techniques and tools as acquisition, transforming raw data into meaningful and useful information for business analysis purposes. This study aims to build business intelligence in optimizing large-scale data based on e-metrics. E-metrics are data created from electronic-based customer behavior. As more and more large data sets become available, the challenge of analyzing data sets will get bigger and bigger. Therefore, business intelligence is currently facing new challenges, but also interesting opportunities, where can describe in real time the needs of the market share. Optimization is done using adaptive multivariate regression that can be address high-dimensional data and produce accurate predictions of response variables and produce continuous models in knots based on the smallest GCV value, where large and diverse data are simplified and then modeled based on the level of behavior similarity, basic measurements of distances, attributes, times, places, and transactions between social actors. Customer purchases will represent each preferred behaviour and a formula can be used to calculate the score for each customer using 7 input variables. Adaptive multivariate regression looks for customer behaviour so as to get the results of cutting the deviation which is the determining factor for performance on the data. The results show there are strategies and information needed for a sustainable business. Where merchants who sell fast food or food stalls are more in demand by customers.
Gambaran Tingkat Kecemasan dan Stres Kerja Tenaga Kesehatan Puskesmas Saat Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Priyatna Hendryk , Mu’in Muhammad , Naviati Elsa , Sudarmiati Sari
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The rapid growth of number of COVID-19 cases every day has made the condition of health workers increasingly depressed. These conditions can affect the level of anxiety and work stress. A study involving health workers caring for Covid-19 patient showed anxiety symptoms and work stress experience. The existence of anxiety and work stress can have an impact on increasing work errors, deteriorating physical and mental conditions, reducing productivity and  decreasing service’s quality. This study aims to describe the anxiety level and work stress of health workers during Covid-19 pandemic at the Public Health Center (Puskesmas). Methods: This research was a descriptive survey study with 156 respondents from nine Puskesmas obtained through cluster and quota sampling calculation. Data was taken using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42) and workplace Stress Scale (WSS) questionnaires which distributed via google form. Results: The results of this study obtained 16.7% of Puskesmas health workers experience anxiety consisting of 5.8% mild, 7.7% moderate, 2.6% severe and 0.6% very severe anxiety. Meanwhile, the work stress study obtained as many as 68.7% experience work stress, consisting of low 35.3%, moderate 27.6%, and heavy work stress 5.8%. Conclusion: Failure to manage anxiety and work stress can have a negative impact on mental health and can even endanger the lives of health workers. The findings in this study indicate risk for mental health disorders for health workers due to the Covid-19 pandemic. So it is necessary for relevant agencies and also individual itself, to manage anxiety and work stress.
Resiliensi Tahanan: Studi Literatur
Authors: Khosidah Khosidah , Andriany Megah
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Prevalence of mental health problems including detainees in prison are very high. Handling mental health problems is closely related to the ability of resilience in a person. Limited study review resilience, factors influencing it and instruments used in detainee. This study aims to describe the resilience of detainees, instruments to measure it, and factors influencing the resilience of detainees.Methods: The research method used was literature review. Literature search was carried out using search keywords resilience, detainee, prison. The database used is SCOPUS, EBSCOHost, Garuda, Science Direct, ProQuest. Articles inclusion criteria are full-text articles from 2010-2020, published in English and Indonesian, and discussing resilience to detainees. Articles were identified using flow diagrams. Data were analysed using synthesis matrices.Results: The results of search that has been conducted stating that the instruments used to identify resilience levels consisted of the Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the resilience quotient compiled by Reivich and Shatte, the Resilience Measurement Scale (RMS-25), the Adolescent Resilience Attitudes Scale (ARAS), and the Norwegian adaptation of Dispositional Resilience scale (DRS-15-R). The average level of resilience of detainees is in the medium category. Resilience is influenced by age, ethnicity, family relationships, social relationships, self-acceptance, protective factors (pro-social) and (pro-future). Detainees are prone to mental health problems, because they have moderate levels of resilience.Suggestion: Nursing services need to pay attention to the level of resilience of detainees.
Między Goebbelsem a Stalinem. O propagandzie prawa w Polsce 1944–1947
Authors: Lityński Adam
Published: December 2021

Artykuł recenzyjny w nawiązaniu do publikacji Jarosława Kuisza, Propaganda bezprawia. O „popularyzowaniu prawa” w pierwszych latach Polski Ludowej, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar, Warszawa 2020, ss. 433.
Odpowiedzialność karna za zbrodnie sądowe sędziów III Rzeszy w Niemczech Zachodnich i Wschodnich
Authors: Kulesza Witold
Published: December 2021

Sędziowie niemieckich sądów specjalnych w okupowanej Polsce podczas II Wojny Światowej skazując Polaków na karę śmierci dopuszczali się zbrodni przeciwko ludzkości. Na karę śmierci został skazany Polak, który jako ekspedient w sklepie pomagał wysiedlanym Polakom w ten sposób, że sprzedawał im mięso, do którego kupowania nie mieli oni prawa. Tak samo ukarano Polaka wysiedlonego z całą rodziną własnego gospodarstwa rolnego za to że utrzymywał się z nielegalnego handlu. Skazano na karę śmierci polskiego mleczarza, który zaniedbywał niemieckie krowy, dające przez to mniej mleka. Żaden z sędziów, którzy wydawali takie wyroki nie poniósł odpowiedzialności w Republice Federalnej. W komunistycznych Niemczech wschodnich skazano na karę 8 lat więzienia sędziego sondergerichtu w Poznaniu, który brał udział w karaniu śmiercią 71 osób oskarżonych o drobne wykroczenia. Wyrok ten zasługuje na respekt z perspektywy współczesności.
Dolus eventualis jako remedium na braki legislacyjne ustawodawstwa karnego Polski Ludowej 1944–1969 – analiza prawna
Authors: Szczygieł Tomasz
Published: December 2021

Artykuł prezentuje wykorzystywanie w doktrynie i praktyce orzeczniczej Polski Ludowej 1944–1969 konstrukcji zamiaru ewentualnego (dolus eventualis) do kształtowania – a de facto zaostrzania – polityki karnej w sprawach o czyny objęte nieumyślnością. Autor koncentruje swoje rozważania w szczególności na sprawach przeciwko interesom politycznym i gospodarczym państwa, przestępczości komunikacyjnej oraz dotyczących przeciwdziałania negatywnym skutkom alkoholizmu. Przeprowadzone analizy wskazują, że we wszystkich tych obszarach braki systemu prawa karnego oraz subtelna (dowodowa) różnica między świadomą nieumyślnością (lekkomyślnością) a zamiarem ewentualnym były wykorzystywane na niekorzyść potencjalnych sprawców. Fakty te dobitnie potwierdzają znaną powszechnie właściwość ówczesnego systemu, a więc jego instrumentalizm w wykorzystywaniu prawa karnego, do kształtowania – zwalczania – negatywnych aspektów rzeczywistości społeczno-gospodarczo-politycznej.
Sataniczność kreacji bohatera w Arabie Juliusza Słowackiego
Authors: Nowak Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

This article attempts to read Juliusz Słowacki’s Arab from the comparative perspective of John Milton’s Paradise Lost. The protagonist of Słowacki’s oriental tale, who is a variation on the Byronic hero, also shows similarities with Milton’s Satan: unceasing motion, obsession of revenge, loneliness, axiological preference of evil. The analysis of those similarities creates a new interpretative context for Arab, which was hitherto regarded as a superficial study of the pathological psyche or a caricature of the Byronic model.
Epifania twarzy czy iluzja maski? O zmaganiu się człowieka w ujęciu filozofii dramatu Józefa Tischnera
Authors: Mizdrak Inga
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article is to present human issues in the context of the face and the mask as its negative. This is to bring us closer to a better diagnosis of the human condition today and the changes that can be articulated on its basis. Both the face and the mask are multi-context, and any attempt to define them encounters a number of difficulties. In Józef Tischner’s philosophy of drama, the face is a condition for the essence of the meeting. On the other hand, the mask, as an appearance and falsification of the truth of the face, is placed in the ambiguous perspective of hiding, concealing, mystifying or obscuring or obscuring the image of the face. Thanks to the face, man is somehow “at home”, and in the bonds of the mask he is somewhat “out of place”, he is lying. The face is relational and the mask is reactionary. Inquiries about whether the face brings closer and reveals the naked being of a human intensified questions about the nature of the face itself and whether it is possible to reach the pure phenomenon of the face as such. Both the face and the mask reveal important moments in the characteristics of a human being as a dramatic being, in which questions about meaning, identity, freedom and responsibility, as well as what is “between” I and You, gain in intensity and imply new attempts to reveal who is a human.
Entre texte et image : réflexions sur la traduction des titres de tableaux de Paul Gauguin
Authors: Walkiewicz Barbara
Published: December 2021

The aim of this article is to analyse the translation strategies used to translate Paul Gauguin’s painting titles from Tahitian and French to Polish. We will analyse the titles that the artist painted directly on the canvases by making them invariant just like the image itself. The translations analysed come from works on Gauguin’s art and Impressionism, published in Polish since the 1960s of the 20th century.
Company Ownership Structure, Legal Compliance and the Probability of Winning an Employment Lawsuit in China
Authors: Ke Zhenxing
Published: December 2021

This paper investigates empirically whether firm ownership structures contribute to varying levels of legal compliance, which ultimately influence the likelihood of winning a lawsuit. I hypothesize that private companies are more likely to lose employment lawsuits because the rule of law within the company is rarely established. Using collected 2756 employment judgments decided by district courts in Beijing between 2014 and 2018, I test this hypothesis against three other types of ownership structures in China: state-owned enterprises, wholly foreign-funded companies, and partly foreign-funded companies. The statistical result confirms that private companies are more likely to lose cases, thus supporting the proposed hypothesis. In addition, the company’s scale and the company’s life span also have a significant influence on the employment lawsuit result.
Vicarious Liability Under a Strict Liability Rule
Authors: Chun Se-Hak , Kim Jeong-Yoo
Published: December 2021

In this article, we extend the model of Newman, H., and D. Wright. 1990. “Strict Liability in a Principal-Agent Model.” International Review of Law and Economics 10: 219–231 and strengthens their result that the strict liability can attain social optimum in a principal-agent relation to the situation in which the court appreciates any contractual terms regarding apportionment of damages between an employer and an employee under vicarious liability rule. Our model also generalizes and extends vicarious liability to the negligence-based liability rule.
Noteworthy occurrences among six marine species documented with community engagement in the Canadian Arctic
Authors: Mc Nicholl Darcy G. , Harris Les N. , Loewen Tracey , May Peter , Tran Lilian , Akeeagok Russell , Methuen Kevin , Lewis Christopher , Jeppesen Rebecca , Illasiak Steve , Green Brandon , Koovaluk Joseph , Annahatak Zebedee , Kapakatoak John , Kaosoni Nathan , Hainnu Benjamin , Maksagak Beverly , Reist James D. , Dunmall Karen M.
Published: December 2021

Arctic marine ecosystems are changing, one aspect of which appears to be distributional expansions of sub-arctic species. For Arctic marine systems, there is limited occurrence information for many species, especially those found in restricted habitats (e.g., ice-covered, far north, or deep-water). Increasing observations through on-going Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) community-based monitoring programs (e.g., Arctic Coast, Cambridge Bay Arctic Char stock assessment, Arctic Salmon, and Kugluktuk coastal surveys), community observation networks, and local media have augmented opportunities to document new occurrences of marine fishes. Combined data from historical records and contemporary observations at the local scale can then delineate these among three types of occurrences: gradual distributional expansion, episodic vagrants, and rare endemics. Here we document nine occurrences of unusual sightings across six fish species (Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Bering Wolffish Anarhichas orientalis, Greenland Shark Somniosus microcephalus, Broad Whitefish Coregonus nasus, Banded Gunnel Pholis fasciata and Salmon Shark Lamna ditropis) from six northern Canadian communities and classify the nature of each observation as rare, vagrant, or expanding distributions. Uniting scientific and local observations represents a novel approach to monitor distributional changes suitable for a geographically large but sparsely populated area such as the Canadian Arctic. The new occurrences are important for discerning the potential effects of the presence of these species in Arctic ecosystems. These observations more broadly will build on our understanding of northern biodiversity change associated with warming Arctic environments.
Migration strategies supporting salmonids in Arctic Rivers: A case study of Arctic Cisco and Dolly Varden
Authors: Carey Michael P. , von Biela Vanessa R. , Brown Randy J. , Zimmerman Christian E.
Published: December 2021

Amphidromous fish such as Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) and Arctic Cisco (Coregonus autumnalis) have distinct life histories that facilitate their success in Arctic environments. Both species spawn in freshwater and make annual migrations between marine, brackish, or freshwater environments. Dolly Varden rear for one or more years in freshwater before migrating to sea whereas Arctic Cisco migrate to sea during their first summer. By contrast, Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) spawn in freshwater, but once they smolt and go to sea they remain there until they mature and return to spawn. Salmon migrate at variable ages depending on species. Arctic marine environments offer productive food resources during summer, but during winter they are too cold for salmonids that lack antifreeze proteins. To avoid the cold sea during winter, Dolly Varden return to freshwater while Arctic Cisco overwinter in brackish estuaries. The lack of migration back to freshwater for overwintering helps explain why Pacific salmon success is limited in Arctic waters and suggests major increases in success will not be realized until Arctic seas provide suitable overwinter conditions. In this paper we contrast these migration strategies, discuss potential changes in a warming Arctic, and highlight information needs especially for juvenile fish.
Future of the General Catalogue of Variable Stars from the Experience of Recent Name-lists
Authors: Samus Nikolay N. , Kazarovets Elena V. , Durlevich Olga V. , Kireeva Natalia N. , Pastukhova Elena N. , Khruslov Anton V.
Published: December 2021

We briefly outline the history of the General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) and the New Catalogue of Suspected Variable Stars (NSV catalogue). Recently, we have completed a revision of the NSV catalogue. Positional information was checked for all its stars and, in many cases, new photometric data were added. As a result, one third of all NSV stars have been transferred to the GCVS. Having determined equatorial coordinates for variable stars in globular star clusters, we began to add them to the GCVS. Two Name-lists published so far contain more than 1700 variable stars in 36 globular clusters; an additional Name-list (about 900 variable stars in 27 globular clusters) will be published before the end of 2021. We discuss problem cases in the literature and in the Catalogue of Variable Stars in Galactic Globular Clusters revealed during our preparation of the Name-lists. The future of traditional catalogues of variable stars (GCVS; AAVSO Variable-star Data Index VSX) is discussed.
A “Fabulous Monster” and a “Wonderful Boy:” Gender and the Elusive Victorian Child in theAliceBooks andPeter Pan
Authors: Frenzel Friederike
Published: December 2021

Lewis Carroll’s “Alice in Wonderland” and “Through the Looking-Glass,” and J. M. Barrie’s “Peter Pan” are highly critiqued and explored works of British children literature. Both queer and hermeneutic readings allow approaches that intrinsically question gender dichotomies, providing tools to pick out underlying themes. Thus, focusing on the concepts of the “child hero” and the “genderless child” of Carroll’s and Barrie’s respective Victorian and Edwardian backgrounds, spatial – the dream worlds of the Wonder- and the Looking-Glass land, the colonized Island of Neverland – as well as temporal aspects – the linear, episodic quest of Alice, the immortal, cyclical existence of Peter – point to the subversive elements of play, memory, and narration in the texts. While Alice is bridging dream and reality in an oscillating, paradoxical act of self-aware transformation, Peter is otherworldly and inhuman himself, actively rejecting heteronormative standards and demands. Both are trespassers and assume roles, and confuse, adapt, and bend supposedly fixed rules. Their transgressions are subdued in the pretended ahistoricity of children’s storytelling, referring to the responsibility of adaptions to further expand the hermeneutical circle.
Potential CO2 forcing and Asian summer monsoon precipitation trends during the last 2,000 years
Authors: Ren Weihe , Li Quan , Qin Feng , Yi Guitian
Published: December 2021

Holocene records for the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) indicate that, apart for the last 2,000 years (“2 kyr shift”), solar insolation was the dominant factor controlling the monsoon climate. The aim of this review is to provide a synopsis of climate characteristics over the last 2 kyr, clarifying mechanisms for the diverse trend with Northern Hemisphere Summer Insolation (NHSI) records. Here, we initially review proxy-based climate reconstructions for the last 2 kyr, and then compare them with records from the last five interglacial periods. Finally, we examine potential physical mechanisms responsible for the “2 kyr shift.” Findings from this review indicate that the “2 kyr shift” is a representative pattern of Holocene climate change within the core area of the ASM, and the “2 kyr shift” could be mainly controlled by changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration. In addition, suggestions to address a more humid condition dominating the Asian monsoonal margin zones are offered.
Energy and Law. A Critical Approach to the Cuban Context
Authors: Luis Cordova José Grabiel , Dueñas Rodríguez Ailín , Byttebier Koen , Delgado Triana Yanelys
Published: December 2021

This research is aimed at studying the main deficiencies of the legal framework for energy in Cuba. Throughout this article, theoretical, legal and practical foundations are sought that make it possible to demonstrate the need for a legal system that is adapted to the Cuban reality and that regulates the most important elements related to the generation, distribution and commercialisation of energy. The theoretical analysis finds its starting point in the analysis of the energy as an object of legal regulation and its legal nature is dealt with. This constitutes a platform for the study of the energy legal framework in Cuba, where topics such as the current energy situation in Cuba, its commitment to sustainable development and the main institutions that govern energy in the country are presented. Finally, the article presents a comprehensive and critical analysis regarding the main deficiencies of energy legal regulation in Cuba. The exhaustive analysis of energy legislation in this area will make it possible to address the objectives set out at the beginning of the research.
Determination of chemical shifts in 6-condensed syringylic lignin model compounds
Authors: Lagerquist Lucas , Rahkila Jani , Eklund Patrik
Published: December 2021

A small library of 6-substituted syringyl model compounds with aliphatic, carboxylic, phenylic, benzylic alcohols and brominated substituents were prepared. The influence of the substituents on the chemical shifts of the compounds was analyzed. All of model compounds showed a characteristic increase in the 13C NMR chemical shift of the methoxy group vicinal to the substitution. This 13C NMR peak and its corresponding correlation peak in HSQC could potentially be used to identify 6-condensation in syringylic lignin samples.
Effect of solvent type on the formation rate of benzyl cation intermediate in acidolysis of lignin
Authors: Hirata Masaki , Yokoyama Tomoya
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine how the type of solvent among aqueous 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, iso-propyl alcohol, or ethylene glycol and its content (mol%) affect the formation rate of benzyl cation intermediate (BC) in the acidolysis of lignin, using a simple model compound, 1,2-dimethoxy-4-methoxymethylbenzene. Because the BC forms from the model compound via two steps, i.e., protonation of the benzyl methoxymethyl group as the pre-equilibrium step and liberation of the methanol as the rate-determining step, the observed variation of the formation rate with type of solvent and solvent content originates from the effects on both steps undistinguishably. The formation rate of BC decreased with increasing mol% of any of the organic solvents for a range of relatively low mol%, but increased with it for relatively high mol%. The formation rate varied more in the ether than in the alcohol systems. These results seem to be regulated by the effect of changing the mol% on the pre-equilibrium step, i.e., on the proton activity, rather than on the rate-determining step. Two reaction products, 4-alkoxymethyl-1,2-dimethoxybenzene and 4-hydroxymethyl-1,2-dimethoxybenzene, exclusively formed in the aqueous alcohol systems. The former compound was confirmed to be thermodynamically more stable and kinetically the more favorable product.
Immobilization of cellulase on magnetic nanoparticles for rice bran oil extraction in a magnetic fluidized bed
Authors: Yu Dianyu , Ma Xiaoyu , Huang Yunyan , Jiang Lianzhou , Wang Liqi , Han Cuiping , Yang Fuming
Published: December 2021

This paper presents a method for extracting rice bran oil using magnetic immobilized cellulase (MIC) in a magnetic fluidized bed (MFB). Cellulase was immobilized on Fe3O4/SiO
x
-g-P (glycydylmethacrylate) with an average grain size of 120 nm. The rice bran was hydrolyzed using MIC combined with magnetic immobilized alkaline protease to extract rice bran oil. Under intermittent conditions, the MIC concentration was 1.6 mg/g, the liquid to material ratio was 4:1, the enzymatic hydrolysis time was 150 min, and the oil yield was as high as 85.6 ± 1.20% at 55 °C. The fluid in the MFB had a magnetic field strength of 0.022 T, a flow velocity of 0.005 m/s, and an oil extraction rate of 90.3%. This provides a theoretical basis for the extraction of rice bran oil using the subsequent MFB hydroenzyme method.
L2 writing development through two types of writing task repetition
Authors: Fukunaga Tatsushi
Published: December 2021

This study investigated whether any remarkable effects emerge in terms of overall complexity, complexity by subordination, accuracy, and fluency in two types of writing task repetition during a single academic semester (16 weeks). The Cognition Hypothesis states that tasks involving different cognitive demands will lead to different L2 output. Thus, this study explored whether any significant differences existed between two task types: descriptive and argumentative essays. The results revealed different patterns in the two types of writing tasks. For the descriptive essays, despite the improvements in overall complexity, complexity by subordination, and fluency with a large effect size, no significant findings were confirmed for accuracy. In contrast, in the argumentative essays, the learners improved all the linguistic aspects, but with a medium effect size. This study also unraveled developmental trajectories to demonstrate how different variables interacted in the two different types of writing tasks throughout the measurement period.
Free-ranging Van Gelder’s batBauerus dubiaquercus(Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) preying on dung beetles in southern Mexico
Authors: Aguilar-Rodríguez Pedro A. , Méndez-Rodríguez Aline , Ospina-Garcés Sandra M. , MacSwiney G. M. Cristina , Yovel Yossi
Published: December 2021

We report the first prey species consumed by the free-ranging Van Gelder’s batBauerus dubiaquercus. We trapped four pregnant individuals of this species carrying freshly captured dung beetles. We describe the wing morphology and flight descriptors (wing loading and wing aspect ratio) of the species, which presents wings more suitable for capturing insects by aerial hawking, although the evidence suggests that is able to capture dung beetles of nearly 10% of its body mass in flight close to the ground. The species could obtain their prey while foraging on uncluttered pasture near forest edges.
Adsorption of UO2
2+ by AlBaNi-layered double hydroxide nano-particles: kinetic, isothermal, and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Abd Al-Azim Elhefnawy Olivea , Abd ElFattah Elabd Amira
Published: December 2021

AlBaNi-LDH nanoparticles have been synthesized by the co-precipitation method. A series of characterization analyses (Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive X-ray, Transmission Electron Microscope, X-ray Diffraction, Atomic Force Microscope, and Infrared spectroscopy) proved that the surface structure of AlBaNi-LDH nano-particles was the key mechanism for UO2
2+ adsorption. The synthesized product showed good performance in UO2
2+ adsorption efficiency in neutral pH with a maximal adsorption capacity of 137 mg/g. The results demonstrated the adsorption process fitted well with pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models. Also, the effects of coexisting ions and different eluents are briefly described. These results confirm that AlBaNi-LDH is an effective material for the adsorption of UO2
2+ from an aqueous solution with reusable availability.
Was Bauteile über den Verschleiß genutzter Stanzwerkzeuge verraten
Authors: Molitor Dirk Alexander , Kubik Christian , Hetfleisch Ruben Helmut , Groche Peter
Published: December 2021

Die Wirtschaftlichkeit industrieller Stanzprozesse hängt stark von produzierten Bauteilqualitäten und Stillstandzeiten ab. Negativ werden diese von Verschleißerscheinungen an genutzten Stanzstempeln beeinflusst, weswegen datengetriebene Überwachungssysteme sowohl in industrieller Praxis als auch akademischer Forschung entwickelt werden. Insbesondere KI-Modelle haben das Potenzial, multiple Verschleißzustände zu klassifizieren oder quantitativ zu regressieren, werden bislang jedoch ausschließlich auf Sensorsignale angewandt. In der vorliegenden Publikation wird dagegen der Ansatz gewählt, Bilder produzierter Bauteile als Eingangsgrößen für faltende, neuronale Netze zu nutzen, um die Kantenverrundung am Stanzstempel zu prädizieren. Entwickelte Modelle weisen hohe Prädiktionsgüten auf und eröffnen Möglichkeiten zur weiterführenden Beforschung bildgestützter Überwachungsansätze.