bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Sürecinde Türkiye Turizminin Mekansal Görünümü: Hangi İl Nasıl Etkilendi?
Authors: KERVANKIRAN İsmail , BAĞMANCI Mehmet Fatih
Published: April 2021

Dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de COVID-19’un turizm sektörü üzerindeki olumsuz etkisi hala devam etmektedir. Ulusal düzeyde turizmin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmaya yönelik bazı önlemler alınmasına karşın, seyahat kısıtlılıklarının devam etmesi ve turizme olan talebin azalması Türkiye’de turizm endüstrisinin kaybını her geçen gün daha fazla derinleştirmektedir. Türkiye genelinde salgının turizm sektörüne olan olumsuz etkisi her ilde farklı boyutta yaşandığından, COVID-19 sürecinde hangi illerin ne derece etkilendiği konusu önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19’un Türkiye turizmine etkisinin iller düzeyindeki farklılaşan görünümünü incelemektir. Çalışmanın veri kaynağını, Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı’nın 2019 ve 2020 yıllarına ait illere göre turizm istatistikleri oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada öncelikle, 2019 ve 2020 yılı Türkiye’ye seyahat amaçlı gelen ziyaretçilerin illere göre mekânsal dağılımı incelenmiş, sonrasında ise illerin azalan ziyaretçi sayılarının hem oransal olarak hem de 1000 kişideki karşılığına göre mekânsal görünümü değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre, Türkiye’de COVID-19 sürecinden en fazla etkilenen illerin aynı zamanda turizmin en hızlı büyüdüğü iller olması, Türkiye turizminde mekânsal olarak bazı illerde sınırsız büyümenin sorunlu olduğunu ve özellikle bu illerde “küçülme” kavramının tartışılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
The Potent Cytotoxic and Oxidative Effects of β-2 Selective ICI-118,551 on Breast Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines with Different Aggressiveness
Authors: KAVAKCIOĞLU YARDIMCI Berna
Published: April 2021

Objective: Beta-blockers are a group of drugs used in the treatment of cardiovascular ailments. On the other hand, the potential anticancer effects of these drugs have become increasingly important in recent two decades. In this paper, the effects of beta-1 selective esmolol, beta-2 selective ICI-118,551 and non-selective nadolol on breast cancer cell lines with different aggressiveness were investigated for the first time.
Methods: A standard spectrophotometric MTT assay was used to determine cell viability. Catalase activities and malondialdehyde levels were measured spectrophotometrically based on the reduction of absorbance resulted from hydrogen peroxide decomposition and the formation of thiobarbituric acid- malondialdehyde product, respectively.
Results: It was found that beta-2 selective ICI-118,551 was the most effective one among investigated blockers against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Additionally, it was seen that 50-150 µM ICI-118,551 treatment for 48 hours significantly changed catalase activities and malondialdehyde levels of both breast cancer cell lines in favour of radical production.
Conclusion: The obtained results showed that beta-2 adrenergic receptor specific antagonism plays a significant role in beta-blocker induced breast cancer cell death. The outstanding suppression in catalase activities and concomitant increases in radical levels appear to contribute to potent cytotoxic effect of ICI-118,551 on breast adenocarcinoma. Consequently, it can be clearly interpreted that ICI-118,551 may be a valuable option in the treatment of breast cancer.
The Relationship between University Students' Nutritional Status, Cardio-Metabolic Biomarkers and Physical Activity Levels
Authors: İÇEN Hayrunisa , GÜNEŞ Fatma
Published: April 2021

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status, cardiometabolic biomarkers and physical activity levels in university students.

Methods: Firstly, fasting plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were analyzed from participants’ blood samples, and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values were calculated after measuring fasting plasma glucose and insulin. Participants’ weight, height, percentage of body fat, waist and hip circumference were measuredand body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)and a questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics were applied to participants. Energy and nutrient intakes were calculated from participants’24-hour dietary recall records. The statistical analysis of data was performed with SPSS version 21 software. For statistical significance, the total type-1 error level was determined as 5%.

Results: Most of the participants' energy, dietary fibre, vitamins D and B1, folate, calcium and iron intakes were below recommended levels.HDL-C level was shown to be negatively correlated with total fat and saturated fatty acid intake (p
Using of data science in healthcare
Authors: Ponomarenko Ihor , Lubkovska Oleksandra
Published: April 2021

The subject of the research is the approach to the possibility of using data science methods in the field of health care for integrated data processing and analysis in order to optimize economic and specialized processes
The purpose of writing this article is to address issues related to the specifics of the use of Data Science methods in the field of health care on the basis of comprehensive information obtained from various sources.
Methodology. The research methodology is system-structural and comparative analyzes (to study the application of BI-systems in the process of working with large data sets); monograph (the study of various software solutions in the market of business intelligence); economic analysis (when assessing the possibility of using business intelligence systems to strengthen the competitive position of companies). The scientific novelty the main sources of data on key processes in the medical field. Examples of innovative methods of collecting information in the field of health care, which are becoming widespread in the context of digitalization, are presented. The main sources of data in the field of health care used in Data Science are revealed. The specifics of the application of machine learning methods in the field of health care in the conditions of increasing competition between market participants and increasing demand for relevant products from the population are
presented.
Conclusions. The intensification of the integration of Data Science in the medical field is due to the increase of digitized data (statistics, textual informa- tion, visualizations, etc.). Through the use of machine learning methods, doctors and other health professionals have new opportunities to improve the efficiency of the health care system as a whole.
Key words: Data science, efficiency, information, machine learning, medicine, Python, healthcare.
The art of land administration
Authors: Polunin G.A. , Alakoz V.V.
Published: April 2021

The article provides recommendations for land administration. With an abundance of productive agricultural land, success in agricultural production and the attractiveness of rural life are achieved by the ability of the population to pay, access to investment resources, the availability of a commodity distribution network, good management, land market infrastructure, a system of information support for agricultural activities, land management, cadastre and land evaluation for making reasonable management decisions and the necessary state support of agriculture.
Ecological optimization of agricultural landscapes in Ivolgin district of the Republic of Buryatia
Authors: Ilyin U. M. , Kalashnikov K. I. , Komendanova T.M. , Khamnaeva G.G.
Published: April 2021

The features of land use in Ivolgin district of the Republic of Buryatia - part of the buffer zone of the Baikal natural territory - are considered in this paper. It was revealed that the forest area of the district does not affect the environmental parameters of agricultural land. Thereby, agricultural land must be considered as a separate territorial unit. The main destabilizing factor in the ecological balance of agriculture in the Ivolgin district is arable land. By the authors, it is necessary to change the structure of agricultural land with the conversion of rainfed arable lands to irrigated lands and planting the forests to solve this problem.
Dolichoectatic middle cerebral artery masquerading as cerebral cavernous malformation
Authors: Al-Sharshahi Zahraa F. , Albanaa Saja A. , Jawad Ahmed M. , Al-Waely Noor K. , Hummadi Noor A. , Hoz Samer S.
Published: April 2021

Background: Intracranial dolichoectasia (IADE) is a rare vascular disease characterized by distension, elongation and tortuosity of an artery. IADE rarely involves pediatric aged groups. It is either asymptomatic or manifests as ischemic or hemorrhagic attacks.

Case description: A healthy, 30-year-old, female teacher presented with recurrent attacks of bi-frontal headaches associated with dizziness and dropping attacks of two-week duration. She was referred by her general physician to our institution of Neurosurgery Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq with a suspicion of medial temporal lesion on a cranial computed tomography (CT) scan. Magnetic resonance imaging study excluded the diagnosis suggesting a dolichoectatic middle cerebral artery that was confirmed by CT-angiography.

Conclusion: Dolichoectasia of the middle cerebral artery is a rare and benign lesion. However, it can masquerade as cerebral cavernous malformation or intracranial arterial aneurysm. Thus, careful radiological evaluation with the suggested diagnostic criteria are of paramount importance to prevent its misdiagnosis.
The two stages surgery in the management of central neurocytoma
Authors: Bennabi W. , Khelifa A. , Felissi Y. , Houari L. , Morsli A.
Published: April 2021

Central neurocytoma is an uncommon benign tumour of the central nervous system. The intraventricular location close to the Monro foramina and the attachment to septum pellucidum are characteristics for diagnosis. The encasement of vascular structures represents a surgical challenge. We report a series of 10 cases of central neurocytoma operated at our department 06 of those was operated in two stages intentionally in order to avoid post-operative complications and to obtain complete removal.
Multilocular hydrocephalus
Authors: Vasquez Harold , García-Ballestas Ezequiel , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Serrato Sergio A , Florez Perdomo William A. , Agrawal Amit
Published: April 2021

Multilocular hydrocephalus is an entity that occurs relatively frequently in neurosurgical practice. We are present an editorial letter with a mini-review of the pathophysiology, surgical, and medical treatment.
The encephalitic syndrome revealing cerebral gliomatosis in an adolescent
Authors: Si Ahmed Hakim , Daoudi Smail
Published: April 2021

Cerebral gliomatosis is a rare glial tumour which is defined by a diffuse and not very destructive infiltration of the encephalon by the glial neoplastic cells in the absence of individualizable tumour mass (Sanson et al., 2005).
The clinical and radiological presentation is often misleading and not very specific, and the diagnosis is rarely mentioned. Histological diagnosis remains difficult. Finally, gliomatosis poses a specific therapeutic problem compared to other glial tumours due to the toxicity of panencephalic radiotherapy and the impossibility of achieving surgical reduction of the tumour (Sanson et al., 2005).
Data from the literature show a median overall survival of 14.5 months, a higher frequency of oligodendroglial forms. The prognosis is linked to age, functional status, histological grade, oligodendroglial differentiation (Sanson et al., 2005).
We report the observation of a gliomatosis occurring in a 14-year-old boy, having presented focal subintral epileptic attacks accompanied by hemiparesis. Flair sequence brain MRI showed a left fronto-temporo-insular hyper signal. The brain biopsy revealed gliomatosis. The evolution was favourable after radiotherapy. Gliomatosis is a diagnosis to be systematically evoked in the presence of a diffuse cerebral affection. Its etiopathogenic mechanism is unknown, and evolution is unpredictable (Millan. BS et al., 2010).
Cervical extradural metastasis from follicular carcinoma thyroid after 14 years post-thyroidectomy with Elsberg phenomenon
Authors: Pettakandy Vijayan , Cholakkal Shanavas , Soren Subrat Kumar , S. Harikrishnan
Published: April 2021

Background. Follicular carcinoma thyroid usually metastasises to bone. Common sites of bone metastasis include skull and spine. Spinal metastasis are more common in the cervical region followed by dorsolumbar spine. Cervical extradural lesions present with progressive quadriparesis, sensory loss, dysautonomia, and respiratory distress. Typical Elsberg phenomenon in a cervical extradural lesion is rare. Elsberg phenomenon involves the involvement of ipsilateral upper limb, ipsilateral lower limb followed by contralateral lower limb and contralateral upper limb.
Case presentation. We are reporting a case of 47-year-old lady presented with progressive quadriparesis of 1-month duration. Her weakness started in left upper limb followed by left lower limb, right lower limb and right upper limb weakness. She also had sensory loss below the level of C7. She had undergone near-total thyroidectomy for solitary thyroid nodule 14 years back and was on thyroid supplementation since then. Histopathology at that time was reported as follicular adenoma with Hashimoto thyroiditis. Her right upper limb power was grade 4- Left upper limb grade 1 right lower limb Grade 3, left lower limb grade 2 with hypertonia of both upper and lower limbs. She was evaluated with MRI Spine which showed a dumb bell-shaped extramedullary lesion involving the C5-C6 vertebra with significant cord compression and encasement of the left vertebral artery. USG neck showed left supraclavicular lymph node enlargement and small residual thyroid tissue in the left side of the thyroid. USG guided FNAC from the thyroid tissue and neck nodes were inconclusive. The patient underwent C4 and C5 laminectomy and subtotal excision from the cervical lesion. Histopathology was reported as metastasis from follicular carcinoma thyroid. Postoperatively patient limb power improved to grade 3 left upper and lower limbs and was discharged and later referred for radioiodine ablation
Conclusion. Cervical extradural metastasis from follicular carcinoma thyroid can present with Elsberg syndrome even without any neck swelling even after decades of post thyroidectomy status for a benign aetiology. Laminectomy and decompression may lead to clinical improvement.
Giant dorsal sacral meningocele in a child
Authors: Agrawal Amit
Published: April 2021

Sacral meningoceles are uncommon congenital lesions, usually described in the anterior or lateral position, and they typically are asymptomatic [1,7]. A nine-years male child presented with a progressively increasing swelling over the lumbosacral region since birth.
Single-session treatment of bilateral, tandem, internal carotid artery aneurysms with pipeline flex with shield technology
Authors: Filep Rares Cristian , Marginean Lucian , Bloj Andrei Florin , Szikora Istvan
Published: April 2021

The treatment of intracranial aneurysms (IA) has been transformed by the development of flow-diversion (FD) devices. Initially, these revolutionary devices were conceived for giant and fusiform aneurysms located on the internal carotid artery (ICA). Technological improvements have expanded their indications. Distal middle cerebral, anterior cerebral artery aneurysms, or even posterior fossa aneurysms can now benefit from this technology. One other category of aneurysms that can be treated is multiple IA’s.

Multiple IA’s are encountered in approximately one-quarter of patients presenting with subarachnoid haemorrhage. Endovascular management of such cases is complex, requiring different devices and treatment strategies to secure all lesions. FD’s can be successfully employed to reconstruct vessels, which harbour more than one aneurysm, especially multiple ICA lesions. Multiple aneurysms located on both ICA’s are generically known as tandem aneurysms.

We present the case of a patient with tandem aneurysms located on both intracranial internal carotid arteries that we treated simultaneously with the Pipeline Flex with Shield Technology in one single session. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported in the literature so far.
Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage as an initial presentation of a choriocarcinoma
Authors: Mustafa Maher Khashea , Matti Wamedh E. , Kadhum Hussain J. , Alsubaihawi Zahraa A. , Kareem Zahraa M. , Al-Sharshahi Zahraa F. , Hoz Samer S.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Choriocarcinoma is a rare gestational trophoblastic neoplasm with a high risk of pulmonary, hepatic, and, rarely, cerebral metastasis. We report a rare case of intracerebral haemorrhage as an initial manifestation of metastatic choriocarcinoma. 

Case presentation: A 33-year-old female with a history of multiple abortions, ectopic pregnancy, and complete hydatidiform mole presented with a disturbed level of consciousness. Emergency brain computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and a left frontoparietal, non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) with a significant midline shift. The patient underwent emergency evacuation of the hematoma and histological evaluation revealed choriocarcinoma. Later investigations revealed evidence of systemic metastasis. The patient underwent chemoradiotherapy and recovered well. 

Conclusion: Metastatic choriocarcinoma should always be in the differential of non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage in a female child-bearing age. Also, the pathological diagnosis should always be performed in cases of ICH of an unknown source.
Radiological features of the intracranial extra-skeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma
Authors: Abdallah Anas , Çınar İrfan
Published: April 2021

Background: Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas are the most malignant form of chondrosarcomas. They have mostly affected bones. Rarely, these tumors can be intracranial extraskeletal (IEMC) that originates from the meninges or parenchyma.

Methods and Materials: We presented two IEMC patients who were treated at our institutions and followed up for the long-term. To understand the radiological features of IEMC, we conducted a systematic literature review for previously reported series and cases of IEMCs.

Results: We surgically treated two young males with IEMC initially diagnosed at their age of 18 and 20 years. The patients initially treated with gross total resection (GTR) and GTR followed by radiotherapy, and followed-up for 218 and 73 months, respectively. With both patients, we obtained 83 reported IEMC patients from the literature. Among them, only 30 cases were reported with their radiological MRI details. The mean age of the reported cases was 24.5±16.0 years (2 months–71 years). Female predominance was 54.2%. The mean progression-free and overall survivals were 27.9 and 39.0 months, respectively. Most IEMCs showed a partially calcified mass on roentgenography and a highly vascular mass on angiography. On T1WIs, IEMCs almost show hypo- to isointensity and intense heterogeneous enhancement after administering a contrast substance. On T2WIs, IEMCs show iso- to hyperintensity.

Conclusions: IEMCs usually show dural attachment without a net dural tail sign and a well-identified brimmed vascular nodule on TOF-MRA. This nodule appears as a prominent blooming on SWI. TOF-MRA and SWI images can help in the radiological diagnosis of IEMCs.
Intracranial hydatid disease
Authors: Gautam S.N. , Acharya Jigmisha , Jain Banesh , Panchariya Piyush Kumar
Published: April 2021

Background: Echinococcosis also known as hydatid disease is an endemic zoonotic disease with growing public health concern with an estimated financial burden of US Dollars 193,539,740 annually. Its definitive host being carnivores and man being an accidental intermediate host. The most common organ affected is the liver, the brain is involved in about 2% of cases. Intracranial hydatid carries high morbidity owing to pressure effect and a slow-growing hence the diagnosis is often delayed. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, medical management being reserved for selected cases.

Materials and method: A retrospective analysis of all the cases of intracranial hydatid disease managed at our department was done from 2013 to 2020 and data were analysed.

Results: A total of 6 cases were found with an incidence of 1.33% of all intracranial space-occupying lesions during the study period with male to female ratio of 5:1, mean age at presentation 21.2 years, 4 out of 6 patient in the pediatric age group, cyst localised mainly in middle cerebral artery territory, mostly solitary but multiple in one case, all cases managed surgically with preoperative rupture in one case, recurrence noted in another one, Albendazole was given to cases only with rupture or recurrence.

Conclusions:  Intracranial hydatid disease should be suspected in all non-enhancing cystic brain lesions especially in endemic regions and all patients should have preferably surgical excision using the “Dowling technique” with medical management reserved for inaccessible lesions, patients unfit for surgery, rupture and recurrent cases. Its high time when public health strategies should also be focussed on prevention and control of disease with appropriate measure at the community level.
Endoscopic lumbar discectomy using side viewing conical working tube
Authors: Kaif Mohammad , Yadav Kuldeep , Kumar Rakesh , Singh Deepak Kumar
Published: April 2021

Objective: The paradigm of surgical therapy for spinal disease especially for lumbar disc herniation has gradually shifted from traditional open surgeries to minimally invasive spinal surgeries. Endoscopic discectomy has been performed widely using various devices and techniques. In this study, we present our experience of endoscopic discectomy using a unique device with separate side viewing channel.

Methods: 26 patients of lumbar disc herniation treated between March 2015 to April 2018 using the unique conical working tube with separate side-viewing endoscopic channel have been retrospectively analysed. Their preoperative and postoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Macnab scores were used to evaluate the outcome with a mean follow up of 37.04 months.

Results: There were 18 males and 08 females with age ranging from 19-72 years (mean-38.4 years). The follow up ranged from 25 months to 60 months with a mean of 37.04 months. The mean preoperative ODI score was 72.4 which decreased to a mean of 7.6 and the outcome evaluated by Macnab criteria was 65.3% excellent, 19.2 % good, 11.5% fair, 3.8% poor. 1 patient underwent a second surgery. None of the patients had to change their occupation postoperatively. Complications occurred were dural tear in 1 patient and transient foot paresis in 1 which improved spontaneously.

Conclusion: Endoscopic discectomy using conical working tube is a safe and effective technique for lumbar disc prolapse. The long term results are comparable to conventional techniques.
Situación ambiental del vertedero ubicado en el municipio Valmore Rodríguez del estado Zulia-Venezuela
Authors: Fuentes Spooner Lorena , Salas Julio , Mendoza Iván , González Yoalis
Published: April 2021

Los residuos sólidos son considerados a nivel mundial como uno de los grandes problemas que enfrenta la sociedad en el siglo XXI. La significativa cantidad de residuos y desechos que se generan en el municipio Valmore Rodríguez son dispuestos en un vertedero a cielo abierto. El objetivo de la investigación fue diagnosticar la situación ambiental del vertedero ubicado en el municipio Valmore Rodríguez del estado Zulia, Venezuela. El estudio consistió en una investigación descriptiva basada en la metodología de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental en Vertederos (EVIAVE). Se utilizaron técnicas de recolección de datos como la observación y revisión bibliográfica con instrumentos como ficha de observación, fotografías, videos, sistemas de información geográfica y formatos de EVIAVE. Los resultados permitieron establecer un Índice Medio Vertedero de 10,78 que se clasifica como medio, por lo cual, aún se puede elaborar un plan para gestionarlo adecuadamente.
Factores de riesgo químico en los trabajadores del área limpieza de una universidad pública
Authors: Fuentes Spooner Lorena , Colina Barboza José
Published: April 2021

Los trabajadores de limpieza están expuestos en mayor porcentaje a los diferentes factores de riesgos como ergonómico, físico, biológico, psicosocial y químico, siendo este último de mayor frecuencia en ellos, ya que su labor involucra la limpieza de múltiples superficies, en este se sentido se buscó a través de esta investigación identificar los factores de riesgo químico que pueden afectar a los trabajadores del área de limpieza de los laboratorios técnicos de la Universidad del Zulia en el Núcleo Costa Oriental del Lago. Se tipificó como una investigación descriptiva, con diseño no experimental, transeccional y de campo. La población quedo conformada por 24 trabajadores de limpieza entre 23 y 50 años, a quienes se les aplico un cuestionario contentivo de 8 reactivos con una escala de frecuencias. Se utilizó el juicio de expertos para la validez del mismo, y el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach para su confiabilidad, cuyo valor fue 0,86. La media aritmética se utilizó para el análisis de los datos. Del análisis se comprobó que los factores de riesgo químico: polvos, vapores, líquidos químicos y disolventes no son controlados de manera adecuada.
Potencial de inundación de la quebrada “El Monte” en el Municipio de Tarija, Bolivia
Authors: Gómez Vaca Ana Noemi
Published: April 2021

El crecimiento y desarrollo demográfico en el Departamento de Tarija, en Bolivia, ocasiona problemas de ordenamiento territorial. La población construye en zonas de riesgo ocasionando cambios en el uso del suelo de las zonas naturales; como consecuencia numerosas construcciones se encuentran vulnerables de sufrir daños por inundaciones. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar el potencial de inundación de los lugares con mayor peligro en la parte urbana con el fin de prevenir daños significativos en la población; para lo cual se elaboran mapas de inundación con evaluaciones hidrológicas e hidráulicas de la quebrada “El Monte” mediante programas HEC- HMS y HEC-RAS. Es una investigación proyectiva con un diseño mixto basado en los datos pluviométricos y en el levantamiento de datos topográficos en el terreno, la unidad de estudio es la quebrada “El Monte”. Como resultado más relevante se muestra el riesgo de inundación en 10 y 50 años en cuatro zonas críticas, estos datos permitirán la toma de decisiones para proteger los bienes materiales y la vida de las personas que habitan en zonas aledañas a la quebrada.
Indicadores de gestión de mantenimiento en empresas de servicio petrolero
Authors: Martínez Ramírez Marle Cecilia , Carbonell Soto Dilú Virginia
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar los indicadores de gestión de mantenimiento que utilizan las empresas de servicio petrolero ubicadas en la Costa Oriental del Lago de Maracaibo. La investigación fue de tipo analítico, con un diseño no experimental, de campo, transeccional. La población estuvo constituida por veintiséis empresas, cuyas unidades informantes fueron los gerentes generales. La técnica aplicada fue la encuesta, el instrumento de recolección de datos fue un cuestionario. Se estimó la confiabilidad mediante el Coeficiente Alfa Cronbach cuyo resultado fue de 0,91; muy alta confiabilidad. El análisis de los datos se llevó a cabo mediante la estadística descriptiva, utilizando la media aritmética y la desviación estándar. Finalmente se evidenció un moderado uso de los indicadores considerados en esta investigación, lo cual devela la necesidad de revisar detalladamente las ventajas y desventajas del uso frecuente de cada uno de ellos por parte de las empresas analizadas.
Effects of Epigenetic Regulation on Cancer
Authors: ENGİN Muhammet Mesut Nezir , ÖZEN ENGİN Esra , ERÖZ Recep , DULGER Gorkem , YÜCE Hüseyin
Published: April 2021

Epigenetics is the science of biology that studies gene expression changes, which are not caused by changes in DNA sequence, but are also inherited. The molecular basis of epigenetics is a complex phenomenon and determines when and how certain genes are activated. Cancer is characterized as a disease in which cells reproduce uncontrollably and then spread. Cancer is a multifactorial complex disease caused by the accumulation of genetic and/or epigenetic changes. Epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding ribonucleic acid regulation. Epigenetic mechanisms affect the tumor behavior and thus the clinical course. Being a biomarker that will determine the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis will enable its use in the diagnosis and treatment of many cancers in the future. We believe that future studies on the relationship between epigenetic mechanisms and cancer will be hope for cancer treatment.
Facets of life and society as depicted in Pillaitamizh literature
Authors: Balganesh Meenakshi
Published: April 2021

Pillaitamizh is a unique, short literary work in Tamil which stands out amidst the multiple short literary formats in Tamil language. Gods, Goddesses, Kings, Queens, nobles or learned teachers are personified as small children and the poetical work is structured as ten stages of growth starting from the first month after birth to about ten to twelve years of age. This format of poetry not only depicts the various beauties and nuances of Tamil language but also reflects upon the way of family life, different aspects of scientific thoughts, religious and philosophical norms, formats of worship, the psychology of the mother and the child to name a few. Some of these features are highlighted in this article and the conclusion that this is a complete and unique poetic structure par excellence is arrived at.
دور المحكمة الاتحادية العليا في عقلنة النظام البرلماني العراقي وفقاً لدستور جمهورية العراق لسنة 2005
Authors: كريم صلاح حسن , يونس مها بهجت
Published: April 2021

تعد تقنية العقلنة ([i]) تقنية تطويرية للنظام البرلماني تعمل على معالجة الانحرافات التي يمكن ان تحدث لهذا النظام سواء بفعل النظرية او نتيجة للممارسة السياسية، ولعل اول من تحدث بموضوع (البرلمانية المعقلنة) الفقيه الدستوري الروسي الاصل (بوريس ميركن) في فترة مابين الحربين العالميتين (الاولى والثانية) واراد بها تقوية مركز الحكومة لمواجهة البرلمان، وقد اخذ بها واضعوا القانون الاساسي الالماني 1949، فاشترطوا ان يكون حجب الثقة من الحكومة حجبا بناءً على الرغم من اسبقية المشرع الدستوري الالماني في عقلنة برلمانيته الا ان وضوح وبروز هذه التقنية كان على يد المشرع الدستوري الفرنسي في دستور ديغول 1958، وقد جعل المشرع الدستوري الفرنسي منها تقنية لتحجيم البرلمان تشريعيا ورقابيا في مقابل توسيع الاختصاص التشريعي للحكومة وتعزيز مركز رئيس الدولة وجعله حاكما وحكما بين السلطات، لصرامة العقلنة الديغولية فقد ظهرت في فرنسا اتجاهات تتبنى اطروحة الجمهورية السادسة المناهضة لجمهورية الجنرال الخامسة، وقد سعى المجلس الدستوري من جانبه الى التخفيف من شدة العقلنة البرلمانية، فقد ذهب في العديد من قراراته الى توسيع الاختصاص التشريعي للبرلمان، وذلك من خلال تفسير المادة (34) من الدستور تفسيرا واسعا.

[i]  يعرف بعض الفقه العقلنة البرلمانية، بأنها تعني إعتماد مؤسسات دستورية وتوزيع الصلاحيات فيما بينها وتنظيم العلاقات القائمة بين هذه المؤسسات بما يؤدي الى أنتظام عمل المؤسسات الدستورية واستقرارها وفاعليتها، والحيلولة دون تعرضها لحالة شلل او جمود. انظر الى: د. عصام سليمان، الانظمة البرلمانية بين النظرية والتطبيق، منشورات الحلبي الحقوقية، ط1، 2010، ص 117.
وسائل مكافحة جريمة تمويل الإرهاب دولياً
Authors: منجل سارة خميس , داود صباح سامي
Published: April 2021

إن  الاهتمام  الدولي  بمكافحة  تمويل الإرهاب كان واحدا من أهم التحولات المنهجية للاستراتيجية  الدولية الحديثة  للوقاية  من جريمة الإرهاب وقد مر الاهتمام الدولي بتمويل الإرهاب بفترات متعددة، على أعتبار أن عمليات التمويل لم تكن في سلم أولويات المجتمع الدولي، الا ان الأحداث والظروف التي مر بها العالم قد أدت إلى أن ينتبه المجتمع الدولي إلى أن هناك أدوات تساعد الإرهابين ومن اهمها الأداة المالية وهي التمويل، وهو ما دفع مجلس الأمن والجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة والمنظمات الإقليمية إلى إصدار القرارات الملزمة، ووضع الاتفاقيات الدولية التي من شأنها مكافحة جريمة تمويل الإرهاب، وبذل جهوداً لانشاء أجهزة دولية مختصة في مكافحتها .
المرافق الادارية المختصة بتحقيق الامن الدوائي
Authors: فاضل مريم صباح , حمزة وليد مرزة
Published: April 2021

من المعروف ان الاثر الاقتصادي للأدوية لا يستهان به باعتبارها ركيزة للدخل القومي لما تجنيه صناعتها من ارباح تسهم في التنمية الصناعية, كما ان الاثر الصحي الذي تحدثه الادوية لا يمكن ان يستخف به او يقلل من شأنه, اذ يموت بالفعل الكثير من الافراد في مختلف البلدان المنخفضة والمتوسطة الدخل بسبب صعوبة توفير الادوية الاساسية المأمونة والفعالة لهم او عدم قدرتهم على شرائها ان توفرت لتمكنهم من العلاج وإنقاذ حياتهم.

    مما يتطلب وضع سياسات واستراتيجيات لإنقاذ ارواح الافراد وذلك من خلال البحث في مفهوم الامن الدوائي لتوفير افضل مستوى ممكن من الرعاية الصحية الحديثة المدعومة بالسياسات الدوائية السليمة والتشريعات الوطنية والاتفاقيات الاقليمية والدولية والموارد التقنية والتدريبات المهنية.

    نبحث في الموضوع عن اهمية الدور الذي يقع على عاتق السلطات الادارية المختصة بتحقيق وحماية الامن الدوائي وسعيها اللازم في دعم الصناعات الدوائية الوطنية وتنظيم الاستيراد والاشراف والرقابة عليهما ومتابعة سلسلة توريد الادوية لحين وصولها الى المستهلك.
أساس انتقال المخاطر في عقود التجارة الدولية
Authors: خندان شذى عبد الجبار , حسين أكرم محمد
Published: April 2021

قد تتعرض البضاعة المبيعة اثناء مرحلة نقلها من دولة البائع الى دولة المشتري الى مخاطر، سواء كانت تلك المخاطر برية أو بحرية أو جوية مما يؤدي تحققها الى هلاك البضاعة بصورة كلية أو جزئية، أو تلفها، كما لو هلكت بسبب غرق الباخرة أو اصطدامها بأخرى في عرض البحر، أو ان يكون سبب الهلاك أو التلف راجعاً الى حدوث حريق، كما في حالة سقوط شرارة على البضاعة، وكانت البضاعة عبارة عن مادة قابلة للاحتراق. ويترتب على ذلك ان يتحمل مسؤولية تلك المخاطر أحد الطرفين، وينبغي لتحديد الطرف المسؤول تحديد لحظة معينة يتم بموجبها انتقال المخاطر، وقد كان هناك اختلاف في التشريعات سواء على المستوى الوطني أو على المستوى الدولي حول تحديد الأساس الذي تنتقل بموجبه المخاطر.

         وتم تسليط الضوء في هذا البحث على أساس انتقال المخاطر في عقود التجارة الدولية من خلال تقسيمه الى ثلاثة مباحث، عالجنا في الأول تعريف المخاطر، وبحثنا في الثاني أساس انتقال المخاطر في القوانين الوطنية، أما الثالث فقد خصص لأساس انتقال المخاطر في قواعد التجارة الدولية، ثم ختمنا البحث بأهم النتائج التي توصلنا اليها والتوصيات.
الجهة المختصة بحل اشكاليات تنازع الاختصاص بين القضاء الإداري والعادي في العراق
Authors: مهدي مروة موفق , جعفر رشا محمد
Published: April 2021

يقصد بتنازع الاختصاص من الناحية القانونية تنازع جهتين قضائيتين بخصوص النظر في موضوع معين كالتنازع الذي يحصل بين القضاء العادي والقضاء الاداري في الدول التي تأخذ بنظام القضاء المزدوج كما ان التنازع يحصل بين محكمتين تتبعان نظاماً قضائياً واحداً اي بين جهات القضاء الاداري ذاتها أو بين جهات القضاء العادي فيما بينها، كما قد يحصل التنازع في الدول التي تتبنى النظام الاتحادي الذي يكون من مظاهره ثنائية النظام القضائي الذي يعد من اهم اسباب تنازع الاختصاص القضائي في الدول الاتحادية ، ومن المعروف ان العراق اصبح من دول القضاء المزدوج بصدور قانون رقم (106) لسنة 1989 التعديل الثاني لقانون مجلس الدولة رقم 65 لسنة 1979، و تبنى النظام الاتحادي بموجب  قانون ادارة الدولة للمرحلة الانتقالية في عام 2004 و دستور 2005 ، لذلك فقد استدرك المشرع من خلال تجارب الدول التي تأخذ بنظام القضاء المزدوج احتمالية حدوث تنازع الاختصاص بين جهتي القضاء العادي والقضاء الاداري واناط  مهمة الفصل فيه الى (هيئة تعين المرجع) ومنح المحكمة الادارية العليا اختصاص الفصل محكمة القضاء الاداري ومحكمة قضاء الموظفين، بينما اوكل دستور 2005 اختصاص الفصل في تنازع الاختصاص بين القضاء الاتحادي والقضاء في الاقليم الى المحكمة الاتحادية العليا حيث اشار الى اختصاصها في الفصل في تنازع الاختصاص بين القضاء الاتحادي والهيئات القضائية للأقاليم والمحافظات غير المنتظمة في اقليم والفصل في تنازع الاختصاص فيما بين الهيئات القضائيةللاقليم او المحافظات غير المنتظمة في اقليم .

ويسلط هذا البحث الضوء على التعريف بتنازع الاختصاص في العراق والجهة المختصة بحله من خلال تحليل النصوص القانونية والقرارات التطبيقية المتعلقة بالموضوع .
دور القضاء الدستوري في حماية الحرية الأكاديمية في العراق
Authors: عباس سارة فاضل , يونس مها بهجت
Published: April 2021

تعد الحرية الأكاديمية حق من حقوق الإنسان ، وإذا كانت حقوق الإنسان حقوق عامة ، فالحرية الأكاديمية هي حرية خاصة لأعضاء المجتمع الأكاديمي ، وبالرغم من حداثة مصطلح " الحرية الأكاديمية " الا ان مضمونه لم يكن وليد الحالة المعاصرة من وجود الهيئات العلمية الأكاديمية ، ومع ذلك ينبغي الاعتراف بان تطوراً مهماً حصل بخصوص مدلول هذا المصطلح بشكل متزامن مع تطور ممارسة الحريات العامة ، وتزايد الاهتمام بها وبحمايتها ، لذا تعددت وتوسعت صور الحرية الأكاديمية ، وكان من مظاهر الاهتمام بهذه الحرية محاولة تحديد مضمونها او ماهيتها وصورها ، وضمانات ممارستها ومن بين أهم تلك الضمانات وأولها هي الرقابة على دستورية القوانين والتي تتم بواسطة رقابة قضائية وتعمل على التأكد من مدى مطابقة العمل تشريعي او التنفيذي لأحكام ونصوص الدستور فان عدم التطابق يعني الغاء القانون الذي لم يطابق أحكام ونصوص الدستور وبذلك فأن دراسة دور القضاء الدستوري في حماية الحرية الأكاديمية يتطلب تسليط الضوء على جميع النقاط ذات الصلة بها ، وهو ما سيتم تناوله في مبحثين ، تناولنا في المبحث الأول منه للتعريف بالحرية الأكاديمية وبيان مفهومها وصورها والعوامل المؤثرة  فيها ، وتناولنا في الثاني دور القضاء الدستوري في حماية الحرية الأكاديمية في كل من فرنسا ومصر والعراق.
Persistent spin texture in tetragonal BiFeO3
Authors: Zheng Maoyuan , Yin Zhigang , Cheng Yong , Wu Jinliang , Zhang Xingwang , Qi Jing
Published: April 2021

We report the existence of bulk persistent spin texture in P4mm tetragonal BiFeO3, a ferroelectric with ultrahigh spontaneous polarization. Our density functional theory calculations reveal that tetragonal BiFeO3 exhibits sufficiently strong spin–orbit coupling, yielding a sizable Rashba coefficient of 0.31 eV · Å. More importantly, it is demonstrated that the polarization-induced spin–orbit field is unidirectional on the Z–Γ–X plane which contains the polar axis. Consequently, there emerges a momentum-independent spin texture, allowing a long-lived persistent spin helix with a wavelength of 23 nm in the real space.
Ternary Classification of Product Based Reviews: Survey, Open Issues and New Approach for Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Sonare Sushila , Kamble Megha
Published: April 2021

Now-a-days, it is very common that the customers share their thoughts about any product, brand and their experience in social media. The analysts collect these reviews and process it, to extract meaningful information about the product. The beauty of social media is, it’s involved in all the domains. So the analysts got reviews from different social media and platforms for almost all kind of thing. The Sentiment Analysis is applied to predict outcomes for getting useful information, for ex.; like predict the blockbuster for a movie, rating for any new launches and many more. This type of prediction is really helpful for the customer to buy any goods or take any services in this competitive world. This paper is focused on e-commerce website reviews which are normally in text form with some special characters and some symbols (emojis). Each word in this text set got some meaning in terms of context, emotion and prior experience. These characteristics contribute to some of the features of text data for prediction. The objective of this paper is to compile existing research works on text analysis and emotion based analysis. The open issues and challenges of document based sentiment analysis are also discussed. The paper concluded with proposing a new approach of multi class classification. Ternary classification for classes positive, negative and neutral is suggested primarily for product based text and emoji reviews on Twitter social media.
Facebook Addiction among Afghan University Students: A Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: Ghulami* Hassan Rahnaward , Abdul Sammad Roesh , Ibrahim Mohammad Reza , Mohammad Akbari , Mohammadi Hossein
Published: April 2021

The current research intends to evaluate the validity and reliability of the adopted model-BFAS, and investigate relationship between the motives and Facebook addiction in Afghanistan. The adopted instrument were online distributed to undergraduate and postgraduate students and only 431 responded across the country to determine their intentions for using Facebook. The software of RStudio used for descriptive analysis and SEM-PLS approach was applied to hypothesis the relationship between the constructs. Results showed that the BFAS measures intensity of Facebook addiction, although measurement model was reliable and structural model has discriminate validity. Further, the results show that students use Facebook for communication, social interaction and entertainment, and these motives positively predicted Facebook addiction. Based on the results, authors believe that the Facebook addiction is a phenomenon that exists across the countries, and greater use of Facebook would tend to create problem of addiction. In sum up, this research would help parents, serves provider, policy makers, current Facebook users, and students to control their excessive use of Facebook.
Analysis on E Healthcare Monitoring System with Iot and Big Patient Data
Authors:   Ph. D Research Scholar, Tiruppur Kumaran College for Women, PG and Research Department of Computer Science, Tiruppur., Deepa V. , Rajeswari Dr. K. ,   Associate Professor, PG and Research Department of Computer Science, Tirppur Kumaran College for Women, Tiruppur.
Published: April 2021

Internet of Things (IoT) technology helped the development of healthcare from face-to-face consulting to the telemedicine. Smart healthcare system in IoT environment monitored the patient basic health signs such as heart rate, body temperature, and hospital room condition in real-time applications. The IoT and big data is an important challenge in many fields including smart healthcare systems due to its significance. Big data is employed to analyse the huge volume of data. Big data are significantly used in healthcare technique to determine the normal and abnormal patient condition. The doctors are easily analysed the patient condition in a short time. This system is very easy to design and use. It is employed to enhance the present healthcare system which preserves the lot of lives from death. Healthcare monitoring system in hospitals has experienced large development and portable healthcare monitoring systems with new technologies. Connected healthcare is an essential solution for hospital to record and analyse the patient data and to save money. The clustering and classification methods are used in existing methods. The clustering method is employed to group the similar data. The classification method is utilized to classify the patient data. A lot of healthcare technique was introduced by many researchers ranging from diagnosis to treatment and prevention on efficient e-health monitoring system. But, the accuracy level was not improved and time consumption was not reduced by existing techniques. In order to address these problems, different methods and techniques were reviewed for performing the e-healthcare monitoring system with big data. The machine learning techniques are used for efficient diseased patient health monitoring through the effective performance of feature selection, clustering and patient classification with increase the accuracy and minimum time consumption. The results are is performed using on different factors such as clustering accuracy, clustering time, classification accuracy, classification time, and error rate with respect to number of patient data.
Effectiveness of Work Life Balance (WLB) on Job Satisfaction of Employees working in Banks
Authors: Dinakar R.
Published: April 2021

The passage of new private banks improves operational effectiveness and intensity in the Indian financial system. The new private area banks have presented state-of-theart and inventive administrations and products to catch the high market share of the overall banking industry. This progression the working example of the employees in the financial sector. The findings of the study shows that equilibrium work life balance, responsibility, Institutional help, and monetary help are determinants of the WLB of representatives in new private area banks. The outcomes demonstrate that there is a critical distinction between the financial status of employees and determinants of WLB in new private area banks. The outcomes likewise suggest that WLB, Organizational help, monetary help, and responsibility are fundamentally and emphatically affecting the work fulfillment of representatives in new private area banks. The new private area banks should offer work-family uphold programs in particular youngster care uphold and adaptable working timings to diminish employee pressure and encourage to the administration of family and work viably. Moreover, new private banks should actualize arrangements of anticipation of lewd behavior, yearly health checkups, and sick leaves successfully so that employees can satisfy with their roles and in turn increase the productiveness of their operations.
Consequence of oil and Waste Spills on the Environment of Ogoniland, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: CO Amosu , TA Adeosun
Published: April 2021

environmental degradation of the oil-rich niger delta region has been wanton and continuous with dire health, social and economic consequences for its peoples, for over three decades. Oil exploration and exploitation is very lucrative, and a major revenue earner in nigeria. But, like most industrial activities, it produces environmental hazards that are “slow poisons,” in that they often take months and years to cause disease and death. This is unlike the contamination of water, food, and the environment with micro-organisms, which immediately results in ill health. The covert and slow action of the hazards created by oil exploration and exploitation make it difficult to fully appreciate their contribution to the disease burden in nigeria, especially in the oil-bearing communities, even with the emergence of non-communicable diseases as major causes of ill health in nigeria. This paper addresses questions like: what challenges and impact will ogoniland face concerning spillage of oil and other wastes on its environment (water, vegetation, aquatic lifes, people and socio-economic lifes? Which are the spillage control measures to be adopted in ogoniland to obtain best production culture and consideration? It discusses the trend of oil spillage problem and possible antidote to it in the niger delta part of nigeria.
Dusts Control operations in Ririwai Mines, Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: CO Amosu , T.A. Adeosun
Published: April 2021

Respirable dust is everywhere (in the surface and underground mine) operations and its environs. Ririwai Tin mine is laden with dust of metallic particles of Arsenic (As), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn). These particles are also found in the soil. Continuous inhalation of dust could lead to irreversible diseases. This paper addresses the control of dust, using previous review of prevailing metallic concentrates. This research answers questions like which are the dust control strategies to be adopted by Ririwai tin mine to obtain best practice? What challenges will Ririwai tin mine face when applying dust control methods in their operation? What is the impact of dust laden with metallic particles on soil, water, vegetation and man in Ririwai tin mine?