bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Usulan Perbaikan Sistem Kerja Dengan Micromotion Study dan Analisis Pengaruh Pencahayaan Terhadap Kecepatan Kerja PT Dwi Putra Perkasa Malang
Authors: Ariesandy Jordy , Teguh Oktiarso  , Yurida Ekawati
Published: November 2022

PT Dwi Putra Perkasa adalah salah satu perusahaan konveksi yang cukup besar di Kota Malang, Jawa Timur.  Persaingan dunia industri yang semakin ketat menuntut perusahaan untuk terus melakukan peningkatan terhadap usahanya. Penerapan sistem yang baik dan ergonomis menjadi salah satu faktor utama yang mendukung majunya suatu usaha. Terdapat dua permasalahan yang teridentifikasi pada PT Dwi Putra Perkasa. Pertama sistem kerja yang kurang terstruktur membuat pekerja kurang maksimal dalam melakukan pekerjaan. Kedua Pencahayaan alami yang tidak menentu berpengaruh pada kinerja para pekerja. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu micromotion study untuk permasalahan sistem kerja dan metode desain eksperimen menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap untuk mengetahui pengaruh pencahayaan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa melalui metode micromotion study didapatkan peningkatan efisiensi disetiap stasiun yaitu: Stasiun 1 sebesar 102,93%, stasiun 2 sebesar 125,38%, stasiun 3 sebesar 112,31%, dan stasiun 4 sebesar 105,98%. Sedangkan memlalui desain eksperimen didiapatkan bahwa kinerja di stasiun satu tidak terpengaruh oleh intensitas cahaya sedangkan stasiun 2, 3, dan 4 terpengaruh. Selain itu dapat disimpulkan juga bahwa sebaiknya lampu yang digunakan adalah lampu dengan intensitas cahaya sebesar 140 lux.
Interleukin-23 Inhibition as a Strategy to Treat Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Grills Jane
Published: November 2022

The satellite symposium comprised two short presentations aimed at providing an overview of the rationale for the use of interleukin (IL)-23 inhibition as a targeted strategy to treat immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Presentations by Prof Prinz and Prof Danese focussed on psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease, respectively, as examples of clinical indications in which the gene-to-clinic approach has led to the development and approval of biologic IL-23 inhibitors. In psoriasis the introduction of targeted anti-IL-17/IL-17 receptor A-chain (RA) and anti-IL-23 biologic therapies has provided a paradigm shift in the management of the disease, making complete clearance of disease a realistic aim for the first time. The use of IL-12/IL-23 inhibitors, such as ustekinumab, is now also possible in Crohn’s disease (CD), providing another example of the successful translation of immunological targeting into clinical practice.
Psoriasis: Beyond the Skin
Authors: Kelly Aine , Ryan Caitriona
Published: November 2022

Previously considered as just a skin condition, psoriasis has come to be regarded as a complex, systemic inflammatory disorder that affects multiple other systems. The association of psoriasis with cardiovascular disease and the increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in psoriasis patients is increasingly recognised. Psoriasis is also associated with sleep apnoea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, and liver disease. Increased awareness by both patients and physicians of these associations is vital to maximise optimal health outcomes in psoriasis patients. Screening for associated comorbidities and implementation of appropriate interventions is necessary. Furthermore, there is a considerably increased prevalence of depression and anxiety in psoriasis patients that is often not detected by physicians. Patients should be opportunistically assessed and treated, or referred appropriately, for psychological and mental health issues. Further studies are required to expand our knowledge of the systemic manifestations of psoriatic disease, and to allow us to further improve the health outcomes of psoriasis patients.
Urticaria Diagnosis
Authors: Boonpiyathad Tadech , Mitthamsiri Wat , Pradubpongsa Panitan , Sangasapaviliya Atik
Published: November 2022

Urticaria is a common skin condition that, though rarely fatal, can seriously impair a patient’s quality of life. Urticaria is caused by cutaneous mast cell activation and degranulation disease triggered by numerous stimuli. The condition is defined as chronic if it persists for >6 weeks. Self-remission is common in acute urticaria, but in chronic cases less than half of patients achieve remission within 1 year. Diagnosis is typically reached using the patient’s history along with a physical examination. Laboratory workup is based on clinical suspicion and is used to exclude underlying causes, although most cases constitute unknown or spontaneous causes. Extensive routine testing for an exogenous cause is not necessary and does not change the management. This review details the pathophysiology, aetiology, diagnosis, investigation, prognosis, differential diagnosis, and assessment of disease severity, highlighting the potential diagnosis of urticaria and enabling clinicians to make informed assessment decisions.
Tackling the Inflammatory Burden of Psoriasis: A Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Fricker Janet
Published: November 2022

Prof Girolomoni provided an overview of psoriasis, considering how patients are frequently affected by other comorbidities. Cost, he explained, can be a constraint for optimal anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) treatment, with biosimilars representing an important opportunity for providing more patients with effective therapy. Data from X-ray crystallography studies, neutralisation studies, and clinical trials were presented, demonstrating that biosimilars have comparable efficacy to reference treatments.

Prof Sattar explained how to define the overall cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score in psoriasis; the standard risk score should be multiplied by 1.5 for patients with young onset or more severe disease. Throughout the presentation he stressed that all CVD risk factors need to be taken into consideration. Just because someone has severe psoriasis does not mean they are necessarily at high risk of CVD, and just because someone has mild psoriasis does not mean they are at low risk. In the second part of his talk, Prof Sattar reviewed evidence suggesting that psoriasis and obesity are interlinked, and discussed benefits of weight loss.

Dr Behrens considered the hypotheses for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) genetic predisposition in patients with psoriasis. He reviewed data suggesting that psoriasis and PsA are different diseases, with psoriasis acting as a trigger for PsA. Dr Behrens went on to discuss predictors of PsA in patients with psoriasis and the importance of individualising treatment to phenotype.

Dr Gecse reviewed the aetiology, disease course, prognostic factors, and characteristics of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). She explained how the prevalence of CD and UC is four-times higher in patients with psoriasis versus the general population, with the highest rates occurring in patients with both psoriasis and PsA. She went on to present studies showing how interleukin (IL)-17 inhibitors, which show promising effects in psoriasis, worsened in IBD.
Treating Psoriasis: What Is New About Fumaric Acid Esters?
Authors: Pedder Amanda
Published: November 2022

This publication covers the first session of Almirall’s 11th Skin Academy meeting in Barcelona, Spain. This year, the meeting theme was ‘The Science of Skin’. The meeting included updates in systemic and biologic therapies for psoriasis and new developments in the treatment of skin cancer, as well as hot topics such as onychomycosis and hair loss. In this first session, Prof Thaçi and Prof Augustin reviewed advances in the systemic treatment of psoriasis and explored how successful development of new treatments has led to an improved understanding of underlying disease processes. With a particular focus on the history of treatment with fumaric acid esters (FAE), the speakers explored the impact of the introduction of dimethylfumarate (DMF) monotherapy on knowledge of psoriasis and its treatment. Other topics included the complexities of treatment selection, the importance of meeting patients’ expectations, and the significant role that biomarkers and personalised medicine will have in future treatment decisions.
Editor’s Pick: Hidradenitis Suppurativa (Acne Inversa): A Review of Aetiopathogenesis and Management
Authors: Jayarajan Rajshree , Bulinska Agata
Published: November 2022

Hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa is a debilitating, chronic, relapsing inflammatory condition associated with the development of painful nodules and abscesses progressing to persistently draining sinus tracts. This has a great impact on the psychological aspects of the patient and thus on quality of life. The aetiopathological concepts have vastly evolved with time, as have treatment options. Even with the advancement in management strategies, hidradenitis suppurativa remains a formidable problem for the clinician. A collaborative approach management involving the dermatologist and plastic surgeon is mandatory to achieve the most advantageous outcome. Here, a review of recent literature is presented, including a comparison between various management strategies.
Editor’s Pick: Beneath the Skin: The Relationship Between Psychological Distress and the Immune System in Patients with Psoriasis
Authors: Elsayed Mahmoud , Connor Cody J.
Published: November 2022

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease with significant physical and psychiatric comorbidities. Research into psoriasis-associated depression has revealed several possible pathways linking the two very different diseases. Questions of causality arise when exploring the complex relationship of psoriasis and mood disorders, and studies have revealed that inflammation may serve as the common denominator linking psoriasis and depression. Conversely, many investigators have reported that psoriasis severity may fluctuate with perceived psychological distress, suggesting that psychological factors, rather than inflammation, may be the driving force behind disease exacerbation in these cases. The truth is likely a combination of both schools of thought: a bidirectional relationship between cutaneous and psychological disease manifestations with an overlapping biological mechanism associated with inflammation. Evidence has revealed multiple pathways by which this relationship can be explained, including hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis hyperactivity, glucocorticoid receptor desensitisation, sympathetic nervous system activation, and altered expression of various chemical signals in the central nervous system. This review summarises the existing evidence and seeks to elucidate how the physiologic disturbances in psoriasis may contribute to both the cutaneous disease manifestations and associated psychological comorbidities. Evidence suggests that treating the psychiatric comorbidities of psoriasis can significantly improve cutaneous disease severity and treating the underlying inflammation could have profound effects on psychological health and quality of life. Therefore, conceptualising psoriasis as more than a purely dermatologic disease is useful in formulating a comprehensive treatment plan; furthermore, addressing both the cutaneous and psychological facets of this disease could prove profoundly beneficial for decreasing the associated negative impacts on patient quality of life.
Psychosocial Issues in Dermatology
Authors: Shiva Shanker Reddy Mukku , Chaturvedi Santosh K.
Published: November 2022

Skin, with its many biological functions, has a unique aesthetic value and determines the self-image and psyche of the person in terms of how they think about themselves. In modern times, smooth-textured flawless skin is a preferred characteristic. Any change in this highly aesthetic organ due to a disease has significant repercussions on personal and social life. There is a bidirectional relationship between dermatological diseases and psychiatric disorders. These can be studied under three categories: psychophysiological disorders, which are dermatologic conditions that fluctuate in clinical severity according to psychological state; primary psychiatric disorders presenting with dermatological manifestations; and dermatological adverse effects of psychotropic medication. Psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent in dermatological patients. Dermatologists should be aware of the psychological factors contributing to or arising from skin disease in common dermatological conditions. Management of psychiatric comorbidities in these patients will help decrease the stigma, stress, and distress, and thus will improve the quality of life of patients and overall treatment success.
Chronic Urticarial Vasculitis and Immunoglobulin-G Monoclonal Gammopathy: Variant Schnitzler Syndrome
Authors: Bhartia Shilpa , Khan Sujoy
Published: November 2022

Schnitzler syndrome is a rare acquired autoinflammatory disorder that is characterised by recurrent fevers, bone or joint pains, urticarial rash, and monoclonal immunoglobulin M paraprotein, while the variant form has immunoglobulin G monoclonal paraprotein. The cytokine that appears to cause the inflammatory episodes is interleukin-1β, and blocking this cytokine ameliorates almost all symptoms of this disorder. Physicians should be aware of this disorder so that they can recognise this difficult form of urticarial vasculitis and prevent the complication of amyloidosis.
Insuficiencia venosa crónica: manejo y tratamiento
Authors: Legg Eweng
Published: November 2022

Este seminario especializado financiado mediante una contribución independiente realizada por OM/Vifor Pharma reunió a facultativos especializados en cirugía vascular, ginecología y dermatología de Pakistán, Egipto, Turquía, Líbano y Alemania para debatir acerca del manejo actual de la enfermedad venosa crónica (EVC) y la enfermedad hemorroidal. El seminario estuvo compuesto de presentaciones plenarias y debates interactivos sobre estudios de casos, permitiéndose a delegados y oradores participar en discusiones de mayor nivel sobre cuestiones candentes en este campo.
Actual issues of treatment of neurotrophic complications in leprosy patients
Authors: Shatz E. I. , Saroyants L. V. , Naumov V. Z.
Published: November 2022

Despite significant advances in the treatment of leprosy in recent years, the treatment of complications of the leprosy process remains an urgent and challenging task for clinicians and researchers. The article presents modern literature data on the treatment and prevention of neurotrophic complications of leprosy patients.
Assessment of anxiety-depressive status in patients with various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Berezantsev A. Yu. , Karpina N. L. , Minochkin D. A. , Masyakin A. V.
Published: November 2022

The urgency of the problem is caused by the high prevalence of anxiety-depressive disorders in patients with somatic pathology, including tuberculosis. The aim of the study was to study the level of anxiety and depression among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis undergoing treatment in a hospital setting, taking into account the clinical form of pulmonary tuberculosis, age and gender parameters. Screening testing of 500 patients undergoing inpatient treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis was carried out using the HADS scale. The sample consisted of 274 female and 226 male patients aged 18 to 72 years. The study showed the presence of anxiety and/or depression of varying severity on the HADS scale in almost half of the respondents (42.4 %). Approximately 30 % of patients with anxiety symptoms were also diagnosed with probable depression. The prevalence of concomitant depression and anxiety among tuberculosis patients was especially high among patients with an infiltrative form of pathology. The highest rates of anxiety and depression were detected in female and young patients. The study showed that tuberculosis clinics need to develop recommendations for screening, diagnosis and treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders in tuberculosis patients.
DPIRS as an integrated approach to asses natural resources status and development
Authors: Widiyono Wahyu
Published: November 2022

Environmental problems included biotic, abiotic, and social problems, therefore, to overcome them, various scientific disciplines are needed as well as the characteristics of environmental science itself. As consequences of population growth, industrial development, and technological progress, environmental problems are more complex. Therefore, appropriate research methods are needed to overcome new problems that arise as a result of these developments. UNEP recommends a research method called the DPSIR (Driving force–Pressure–State–Impact–Response) model that can describe the interactions between various environmental and social factors. This method has been applied as an approach to analyzing environmental problems in many countries around the world, including Indonesia. The Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) and some researchers in Indonesia have also applied the DPSIR method to assess environmental status both nationally and regionally. So far, the DPSIR method is still quite well applied to analyze environmental problems, although some scientists highlight the need for this method to be supplemented with other models to improve results.
The role of the academic community in combating wildlife trafficking
Authors: Priatna Dolly , Monk Kathryn A.
Published: November 2022

In Indonesia, the value of the illegal trade in wildlife reaches more than US one million per year. Apart from being a source country, Indonesia also has a significantly growing home market for illegally traded wildlife as pets, skins, and medicines.The illegal wildlife trade uses various modus operandi, directed by organized criminal groups and carried out by a variety of perpetrators on the ground, often very poor locals from rural communities. Whilst this trading activity is a transnational crime, that is, across national and continental borders, and may use the same supply routes usually associated with other crimes such as weapons, drugs and people trafficking, it is usually only the poachers on the ground who are caught and prosecuted. In summary, universities and their researchers have a significant role in the fight against the illegal and unsustainable wildlife trade, in monitoring wildlife populations and poaching activity, and in changing people's behavior, so that the activities of hunting, trading, or owning protected wildlife become unattractive and unacceptable to all communities. This role draws on disciplines across the sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities, encouraging those interdisciplinary behaviours so important for effective environmental management that delivers for the long-term health and well-being of people.
MEMBANGUN LITERASI DIGITAL SISWA ERA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Erlianti Gustina , Marlini
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this research is to build students' digital literacy through digital literacy training. The research method uses a quasi-experimental method with a one group pre-test and post-test design. The results of the pre-test and post-test showed an increase in students' understanding of digital literacy skills as indicated by an increase in the average score from 50.8 in the pre-test to 96.2 in the post-test. From these statistical results, it can be concluded that this digital literacy training activity is able to increase students' understanding of digital literacy skills in schools.
Kinetic study of multiphase reactions under microwave irradiation: A mini-review
Authors: Adavi Kazem , Amini Ahmadreza , Latifi Mohammad , Shabanian Jaber , Chaouki Jamal
Published: November 2022

Microwave (MW) heating is rapid, selective, and volumetric, and it is a compelling non-conventional heating approach for driving chemical reactions. The effect of MW irradiation on the kinetics of thermal/catalytic reactions is still under debate. A group of researchers reported that the effect of MW heating on reaction kinetics is highlighted through the non-thermal effects of MWs on kinetic parameters and reaction mechanisms in addition to the thermal effect. However, another group attributed the observations to the thermal effect only. In the present work, we summarized and critically synthesized available information in the literature on the subject. It can be concluded that MW heating has solely the thermal effect on gas-solid reactions, and the variations of kinetic parameters are related to the direct and indirect impacts of that. Temperature measurement limitations, physical structure variation, and non-uniform temperature distribution are the primary sources of the discrepancy in previous studies. In ionic liquid-solid reactions, the presence of electromagnetic fields can affect the movement of ions/polar molecules which can be considered a non-thermal effect of MWs. However, the effect of MW absorption by solid/catalyst, and the formation of hot spots must be taken into account to avoid potential discrepancy. Therefore, further theoretical/experimental studies are required to clarify the effect of MWs on liquid-solid reactions. In addition, developing reliable temperature measurement methods and isothermal reaction domain are required for an accurate kinetic study during MW irradiation.
Graves’ disease, its treatments, and the risk of atrial fibrillation: A Korean population-based study
Authors: Cho Yoon Young , Kim Bongseong , Choi Dughyun , Kim Chul-Hee , Shin Dong Wook , Kim Jee Soo , Park Seung-Jung , Kim Sun Wook , Chung Jae Hoon , Han Kyungdo , Kim Tae Hyuk
Published: November 2022

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is occasionally diagnosed in individuals with Graves’ disease. Definite treatments, including radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) or surgery might lower the risk of AF in the literature. However, no studies have compared the effects of anti-thyroid drugs (ATDs), RAIT, and surgery on the risk of AF.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included 94,060 newly diagnosed Graves’ disease patients and 470,300 controls from the Korean National Health Insurance database. The incidence of AF was evaluated in patients and controls. Patients were categorized based on treatment method into ATD (95.6%), RAIT (3.5%), and surgery (0.9%) groups. In the ATD group, the dose and duration of ATDs were calculated for each patient. In the RAIT and surgery groups, remission was defined as levothyroxine prescription.

Results

Graves’ disease patients had a 2.2-fold higher risk of developing AF than controls. Regardless of demographic factors, the patient group had a consistently higher risk of AF than controls, with the highest risk of AF (HR, 5.49) in the younger patient group. The surgery group had a similar risk of AF compared with controls, whereas the ATD (HR, 2.23) and RAIT (HR, 2.00) groups had increased risks of AF, even in patients reaching hypothyroid status after RAIT. Patients with higher dose or longer treatment duration of ATDs were at greater risk of AF.

Conclusion

We observed differing risks of AF according to methods of treatment for Graves’ disease, and that definite treatment can be an option for subjects needing sustained medical treatment considering the risk of AF.
Experimental and modeling study of foam coarsening kinetics in porous media
Authors: Yu Wei , Zhou Xianmin
Published: November 2022

The geometric confinement significantly affects the foam coarsening dynamics in porous media. We present the experimental and modeling studies of coarsening-induced foam structural evolution in a porous microfluidic chip. The findings are expected to shed light on predicting the foam structure in many applications, such as foam-assisted enhanced oil recovery process and CO2 geological sequestration. It is shown that, in porous media, small bubbles are constantly consumed by large bubbles due to inter-bubble gas diffusion until most bubbles grow to the pore or throat size. The coarsening of edge bubbles (bubbles contacting the boundary) dominates the foam coarsening process, showing a linear increase in the average area of edge bubbles with time in a steady-state growth state. A mass transfer model is proposed to fit the foam coarsening rate of edge bubbles, including critical parameters such as liquid film permeability, gas-liquid interfacial tension, the molar volume of the dispersed phase, and the polydispersity of bubble size distribution. We emphasize that, under the same experimental conditions, foams with a broader size distribution exhibits a faster coarsening rate due to higher capillary pressure differences among the bubbles as the mass transfer driving force.
Green Energy Consumption and Inclusive Growth: A Comprehensive Analysis of Multi-Country Study
Authors: Ghouse Ghulam , Aslam Aribah , Bhatti Muhammad Ishaq
Published: November 2022

Whenever there is a question of environmental quality and inclusive economic growth, green and renewable energy consumption leads the debate. This paper explores the relationship between green energy consumption and inclusive economic growth. It employs GMM panel data modelling frameworks for understanding the “green energy vis-à-vis -growth paradox”. It uses post-COVID-19 data for eighty-three countries between 2010 and 2020. These countries are divided into high-, middle- and low-income as per the World Bank’s classifications. The selected composite variables are consisting of GDP growth, poverty, income equality and employment measures. The study reports that green energy positively contributes to inclusive growth despite its lower contribution to overall energy usage in low-income countries. It observes that socio-digital inclusion and green energy together impact positively on inclusive growth in all income groups (low, middle and high). This means citizens of the selected countries are aware of the pros and cons of green energy that helps countries to mitigate the negative impacts of countries’ transition to clean energy usage in terms of job losses, higher costs of clean energy and uncertainty to energy supply. Furthermore, results also reveal that green energy is significant contributor towards achieving inclusive growth, however it his highly significant in high income countries compared to other groups, showing its higher use in it. This comprehensive study is the first of its kind providing comparative analysis of 83 countries which explores and compares the interesting impacts of green energy consumption on inclusive growth in global data from the designated income groups.
Revealing effectiveness and heterogeneity of the impact of China’s coal consumption control policy on air quality
Authors: Zhao Wenjuan , Chang Miao , Huangfu Jianhua , Yu Lei
Published: November 2022

Whether China’s coal consumption control policy (CCCP) improves air quality is controversial. This study used city-level panel data and applied a DID model to identify it. We found that 1) The CCCP has a positive effect on AQI and PM25, which decrease by 7.6327 µg/m3 and 8.4293 µg/m3, respectively, but fails to reduce O3 concentration. 2) The effect of CCCP has regional heterogeneity. The CCCP has not significantly reduced PM2.5 emissions or improved air quality in the PRD region as in the BTHS and YRD regions. Additionally, in the YRD and PRD regions, CCCP can reduce O3 significantly. But the BTHS region failed to reduce the O3, and the introduction of CCCP made the O3 in pilot cities even higher by 4.1539 µg/m3. This study recognized the effects of the CCCP and its regional heterogeneity, which were supportive for policymakers to optimize coal-related policies to ensure environmental sustainability. We suggested that policymakers should differentiate policies according to regional differences and pay attention to reducing O3 pollution to establish sustainable ecosystems.
The analysis of the pyroptosis-related genes and hub gene TP63 ceRNA axis in osteosarcoma
Authors: Han Jun , Hu Yunxiang , Ding Shengqiang , Liu Sanmao , Wang Hong
Published: November 2022

Pyroptosis is a type of programmed cell death that is associated with tumor development, prognosis, and therapeutic response. The significance of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear. We examined the expression patterns of PRGs in 141 OS samples from two different datasets and characterized the genetic and transcriptional changes in PRGs. Based on these PRGs, all OS samples could be classified into two clusters. We discovered that multilayer PRG changes were linked to clinicopathological traits, prognosis, and TME characteristics in two separate genetic subtypes. The PRG score was then developed for predicting overall survival, and its predictive efficacy in OS patients was tested. As a result, we developed a very precise nomogram to improve the PRG-predictive model in clinical application. Furthermore, a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was built to find a LAMTOR5-AS1/hsa-miR-23a-3p/TP63 regulatory axis. Through experimental verification, it was found that the pyroptosis gene TP63 plays an important role in the regulation of osteosarcoma pyroptosis. The possible functions of PRGs in the TME, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognosis were established in our investigation of PRGs in OS. These findings may aid in our understanding of PRGs in OS as well as provide a novel way for prognostic evaluation and the creation of more effective immunotherapy treatments.
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 deficiency exacerbates injury-induced inflammation in a mouse model of tauopathy
Authors: Katsumoto Atsuko , Kokiko-Cochran Olga N. , Bemiller Shane M. , Xu Guixiang , Ransohoff Richard M. , Lamb Bruce T.
Published: November 2022

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) promotes several Alzheimer’s disease-like pathological features, including microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) accumulation within neurons. Macrophage activation in the injured hTau mouse model of tauopathy raises the question whether there is a relationship between MAPT pathology and alterations in macrophage activation following TBI. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a critical regulator of microglia and macrophage phenotype, but its mechanisms on TBI remain unclear. To address the association with TREM2 in TBI and MAPT pathology, we studied TREM2 deficiency in hTau mice (hTau;Trem2-/-) 3 (acute phase) and 120 (chronic phase) days after experimental TBI. At three days following injury, hTau;Trem2-/- mice exhibited reduced macrophage activation both in the cortex and hippocampus. However, to our surprise, hTau;Trem2-/- mice exposed to TBI augments macrophage accumulation in the corpus callosum and white matter near the site of tissue damage in a chronic phase, which results in exacerbated axonal injury, tau aggregation, and impaired neurogenesis. We further demonstrate that TREM2 deficiency in hTau injured mice promotes neuronal dystrophy in the white matter due to impaired phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Remarkably, hTau;Trem2-/- exposed to TBI failed to restore blood-brain barrier integrity. These findings imply that TREM2 deficiency accelerates inflammation and neurodegeneration, accompanied by attenuated microglial phagocytosis and continuous blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, thus exacerbating tauopathy in hTau TBI mice.
Application of phycocyanin from Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis as a hair dye
Authors: Kraseasintra Oranit , Tragoolpua Yingmanee , Pandith Hataichanok , Khonkarn Ruttiros , Pathom-aree Wasu , Pekkoh Jeeraporn , Pumas Chayakorn
Published: November 2022

Almost all of the current hair dye products today contain synthetic chemicals which may cause allergic reactions in some users. Phycocyanin (PC), a non-toxic cyanobacterial pigment, has been used in the food and cosmetics sectors. There are however, been a few reports on the application of phycocyanin as a hair colorant. This study aimed to assess the biological qualities of phycocyanin for use in natural hair dye product. Phycocyanin was tested for use against anti skin-pathogen (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) DMST 20625, Propionibacterium acnes DMST 14916, Candida albicans DMST 21424, and Malassezia furfur M21), cytotoxicity of human immortalized keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells and tested for color fastness when used as a shampoo wash. According to the findings, Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis phycocyanin has not shown the potential for use against anti-skin pathogenic microorganisms. While testing phycocyanin at the maximum doses of 2.5 mg/mL, the cytotoxicity test revealed that it is not hazardous to HaCaT cells. Bleached hair was dyed with a mixture of phycocyanin, natural developers, and mordants. A chroma meter was used to monitor color changes after shampoo washing. The findings revealed that phycocyanin has dyeability potential. 50% of the dyed hair color remained after 5 shampoo washes. The stability and color degradation of phycocyanin in hair dye powder formulation demonstrated good physical stability along with four cycles of heating/cooling. As a result, we can see that this pigment has the potential to be used as an active ingredient in natural hair dyes.
Effect of flash-calcined sediment substitution in sulfoaluminate cement mortar
Authors: Kleib Joelle , Amar Mouhamadou , Benzerzour Mahfoud , Abriak Nor-Edine
Published: November 2022

Calcium sulfoaluminate cement is a relatively new type of cement with environmental advantages linked to its low carbon emission. However, there is a lack of knowledge on its use with supplementary cementitious materials. This article aims to study the effect of utilizing the activated flash-calcined sediment from Noyelles-sous-Lens (SC) as a supplementary cementitious material in calcium sulfoaluminate mortar. Therefore, four mixes are prepared by replacing calcium sulfoaluminate cement with 5%, 10%, and 20% of flash-calcined sediment. The reactivity of the cement pastes with and without the sediment is studied by isothermal calorimetry and by measuring the setting time. Then, the mechanical performance is tested at 1, 7, and 28 days. The results show that adding the flash-calcined sediment has an accelerator effect on cement hydration and decreases the induction period. The cumulative heat release and the compressive strength at 28 days are almost the same up to 10% of sediment substitution.
The full-genome characterization and phylogenetic analysis of bovine herpesvirus type 1.2 isolated in China
Authors: Guo Weiqiang , Xie Jia , Liu Jingyi , Chen Hongjun , Jung Yong-Sam
Published: November 2022

Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) causes bovine respiratory disease that poses a significant threat to the cattle industry. The prevalence of BHV-1 has recently increased in China. However, the lack of information about the prevalent isolates limits the control of the disease. In this study, a novel strain of BHV-1 was isolated from nasal swabs of Holstein cows in 2020 in China, designated as BHV SHJS. The genome of BHV strain SHJS is 135, 102 bp in length and highly similar to strain SP1777 (KM258883.1) with an identity of 99.64%. Mutations, insertions, or deletions mainly occur in UL27, UL44, and US8, etc., relative to the different genomic coordinates. Phylogenetic tree of UL44 (gC) showed that BHV strain SHJS belongs to BHV-1.2b cluster. The result showed that the strain had a different evolutionary origin from those prevalent in China. This study will enrich our knowledge regarding BHV outbreak strains in China and contribute to the prevention and pathogenic studies of BHV-1.2.
AadA36, a novel chromosomal aminoglycoside nucleotidyltransferase from a clinical isolate of Providencia stuartii
Authors: Gao Mengdi , Feng Chunlin , Ji Yongan , Shi Yaokai , Shi Weina , Zhang Lei , Liu Shuang , Li Anqi , Zhang Xueya , Li Qiaoling , Lu Junwan , Bao Qiyu , Zhang Hailin
Published: November 2022

In this study, we characterized a novel chromosome-encoded aminoglycoside nucleotidyltransferase (ANT), AadA36, from the Providencia stuartii strain P14 isolated from the sputum specimen of a burn patient at a hospital in Wenzhou, China. Among the functionally characterized ANTs, AadA36 shared the highest amino acid sequence identity of 51.91% with AadA14. The whole genome of P. stuartii P14 consisted of one chromosome and two plasmids (designated pP14-166 and pP14-114). A total of 19 genes with ≥80% similarity with functionally characterized antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were identified in the whole genome, including aminoglycosides [aac(2′)-Ia, aph(6)-Id, aph(3″)-Ib, aac(6′)-Ib, ant(3″)-IIa, aph(3′)-Ia], β-lactams (blaCMY-2 and blaOXA-10) and so on. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that the aadA36 gene conferred specific resistance to spectinomycin and streptomycin, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these antimicrobials increased 128- and 64-fold compared with the control strain. The kinetic parameters of AadA36 were consistent with the MIC data of spectinomycin and streptomycin, with kcat/Km ratios of (1.07 ± 2.23) × 104 M−1 s−1 and (8.96 ± 1.01) × 103 M−1 s−1, respectively. The identification of a novel aminoglycoside resistance gene will help us further understand the complexity of the resistance mechanisms and provide deep insights into the dissemination of resistance genes in the microbial population.
Molecular typing and antibiotic resistance patterns among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii recovered from burn patients in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Maleki Abbas , Kaviar Vahab Hassan , Koupaei Maryam , Haddadi Mohammad Hossein , Kalani Behrooz Sadeghi , Valadbeigi Hassan , Karamolahi Somayeh , Omidi Nazanin , Hashemian Marziyeh , Sadeghifard Nourkhoda , Mohamadi Jasem , Heidary Mohsen , Khoshnood Saeed
Published: November 2022

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is now considered a highly resistant pathogen to various types of antibiotics. Therefore, tracking the source of its prevalence and continuous control is crucial. This study aimed to determine antibiotic resistance and perform various molecular typing methods on clinical isolates of A. baumannii isolated from hospitalized burn patients in Shahid Motahari Burn Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Hospital isolates were confirmed by phenotypic and molecular methods. Then the sensitivity to different antibiotics was determined using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. In order to perform molecular typing, three-locus dual assay multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods were used. Among the 60 isolates collected, the frequencies of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) isolates were 90 and 10%, respectively. The most effective antibiotics were colistin with 100% and tigecycline with 83.33% sensitivity. Isolates were 100% resistant to piperacillin/tazobactam and cephalosporins, and 68.3% were resistant to carbapenem. The results of multiplex PCR showed five groups that international clone I (IC I) and IC II were the most common. The MLVA method identified 34 MLVA types (MTs), 5 clusters, and 25 singletons. Multilocus sequence typing results for tigecycline-resistant isolates showed seven different sequence types (STs). Increasing antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii isolates requires careful management to control and prevent the occurrence of the pre-antibiotic era. The results of this study confirm that the population structure of A. baumannii isolates has a high diversity. More extensive studies are needed in Iran to better understand the epidemiology of A. baumannii.
Genome-wide association study of Klebsiella pneumoniae identifies variations linked to carbapenems resistance
Authors: Pei Na , Sun Wanying , He Jingxuan , Li Yanming , Chen Xia , Liang Tianzhu , Kristiansen Karsten , Liu Wenen , Li Junhua
Published: November 2022

Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is one of the microorganisms that can acquire carbapenem-resistance (CR), and few antimicrobial therapy options exist for infections caused by Carbapenem-Resistant KP (CRKP). In recent years, with the increase of carbapenem resistance rates, treating CRKP has become a serious public health threat in clinical practice. We have collected 2,035 clinical KP isolates from a tertiary hospital in China. Whole genome sequencing data coupled with their binary antimicrobial susceptibility testing data were obtained to conduct the genome-wide association study using a bayesian-based method, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes. We identified 28 and 37 potential maker genes associated with imipenem and meropenem resistance, respectively. Among which 19 of them were selected in both drugs by genome-wide association study (GWAS), 11 genes among them were simultaneously validated in independent datasets. These genes were likely related to biofilm formation, efflux pump, and DNA repairing. Moreover, we identified 13 significant CR related SNPs in imipenem or meropenem, with one SNP located in the non-coding region and validated in the independent datasets. Our study indicates complex mechanisms of carbapenems resistance and further investigation of CRKP-related factors are warranted to better understand their contributions to carbapenems resistance. These identified biomarkers may provide targets for future drug interventions or treatments.
The role of dopamine and endocannabinoid systems in prefrontal cortex development: Adolescence as a critical period
Authors: Peters Kate Zara , Naneix Fabien
Published: November 2022

The prefrontal cortex plays a central role in the control of complex cognitive processes including action control and decision making. It also shows a specific pattern of delayed maturation related to unique behavioral changes during adolescence and allows the development of adult cognitive processes. The adolescent brain is extremely plastic and critically vulnerable to external insults. Related to this vulnerability, adolescence is also associated with the emergence of numerous neuropsychiatric disorders involving alterations of prefrontal functions. Within prefrontal microcircuits, the dopamine and the endocannabinoid systems have widespread effects on adolescent-specific ontogenetic processes. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the maturation of the dopamine system and the endocannabinoid system in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence. We discuss how they interact with GABA and glutamate neurons to modulate prefrontal circuits and how they can be altered by different environmental events leading to long-term neurobiological and behavioral changes at adulthood. Finally, we aim to identify several future research directions to help highlight gaps in our current knowledge on the maturation of these microcircuits.
Transfer learning-based modified inception model for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Sharma Sarang , Gupta Sheifali , Gupta Deepali , Juneja Sapna , Mahmoud Amena , El–Sappagh Shaker , Kwak Kyung-Sup
Published: November 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative ailment, which gradually deteriorates memory and weakens the cognitive functions and capacities of the body, such as recall and logic. To diagnose this disease, CT, MRI, PET, etc. are used. However, these methods are time-consuming and sometimes yield inaccurate results. Thus, deep learning models are utilized, which are less time-consuming and yield results with better accuracy, and could be used with ease. This article proposes a transfer learning-based modified inception model with pre-processing methods of normalization and data addition. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 94.92 and a sensitivity of 94.94. It is concluded from the results that the proposed model performs better than other state-of-the-art models. For training purposes, a Kaggle dataset was used comprising 6,200 images, with 896 mild demented (M.D) images, 64 moderate demented (Mod.D) images, and 3,200 non-demented (N.D) images, and 1,966 veritably mild demented (V.M.D) images. These models could be employed for developing clinically useful results that are suitable to descry announcements in MRI images.
Glutathione: A Samsonian life-sustaining small molecule that protects against oxidative stress, ageing and damaging inflammation
Authors: Labarrere Carlos A. , Kassab Ghassan S.
Published: November 2022

Many local and systemic diseases especially diseases that are leading causes of death globally like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atherosclerosis with ischemic heart disease and stroke, cancer and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), involve both, (1) oxidative stress with excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lower glutathione (GSH) levels, and (2) inflammation. The GSH tripeptide (γ- L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine), the most abundant water-soluble non-protein thiol in the cell (1–10 mM) is fundamental for life by (a) sustaining the adequate redox cell signaling needed to maintain physiologic levels of oxidative stress fundamental to control life processes, and (b) limiting excessive oxidative stress that causes cell and tissue damage. GSH activity is facilitated by activation of the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) redox regulator pathway, releasing Nrf2 that regulates expression of genes controlling antioxidant, inflammatory and immune system responses. GSH exists in the thiol-reduced (>98% of total GSH) and disulfide-oxidized (GSSG) forms, and the concentrations of GSH and GSSG and their molar ratio are indicators of the functionality of the cell. GSH depletion may play a central role in inflammatory diseases and COVID-19 pathophysiology, host immune response and disease severity and mortality. Therapies enhancing GSH could become a cornerstone to reduce severity and fatal outcomes of inflammatory diseases and COVID-19 and increasing GSH levels may prevent and subdue these diseases. The life value of GSH makes for a paramount research field in biology and medicine and may be key against systemic inflammation and SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease. In this review, we emphasize on (1) GSH depletion as a fundamental risk factor for diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and atherosclerosis (ischemic heart disease and stroke), (2) importance of oxidative stress and antioxidants in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease, (3) significance of GSH to counteract persistent damaging inflammation, inflammaging and early (premature) inflammaging associated with cell and tissue damage caused by excessive oxidative stress and lack of adequate antioxidant defenses in younger individuals, and (4) new therapies that include antioxidant defenses restoration.