bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pesticide Impact on Honeybees Declines and Emerging Food Security Crisis
Authors: Manzoor Farkhanda , Pervez Mahnoor
Published: July 2021

Bee crisis is threatening worldwide food security. Pesticides are extensively used in the agricultural zone. Unfortunately, these pesticides cause severe toxicity toward pollinators than the target pests such as honeybees. This review summarizes the different studies related to pesticide hazards of bees. This paper reported risks of pesticides neurological and physiological poisoning toward honeybees. Pesticides act as poison and ruin vital functions involved in leaning and cognition, behavior and, the body physiological mechanisms. Many laboratory and field research data evaluated the lethal and sub-lethal poisoning on bee foraging dance, learning, and memory abilities of honeybees. Insecticide residues are detected in bee bodies and LD50 and LC50 values evaluated. It is also studied that in honeybees systemic insecticide residues and, its metabolite adulterated in their body during foraging activities. Similarly, pesticide-contaminated food stored in a hive consumed continuously by honeybees may cause sub-lethal toxicity effects. Which causes anomalous bee social behavior and ultimately leads to colony collapse disorder. If population of pollinator decline it will disturb the food chain and leads to food crisis. This review emphasized causes of bee decline with the emergence of pesticides in agricultural domains.
The Domain of Justice and the Extension of Rights
Authors: Diem William Matthew ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2021

Paul Macdonald recently argued that a consistent Thomist must hold, against Aquinas, that non-human animals have direct rights. I show that his arguments fail and that, on the contrary, the impossibility of brute animals having rights flows directly from the very essence of justice itself as it is understood by Aquinas.
Mahabbah
Authors: Collins Logan Thrasher ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: July 2021

Would the world be better with more empathy? If so, why not simply engineer society to be more empathetic? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Jacqueline is a scientist who invents a virus that she says changes people for the better. By editing genes and changing hormone levels it makes people more empathetic and compassionate towards others. She calls it Mahabbah and she wants the help of her friend Aziz to continuing human trials and release it into the world. Aziz agrees to also test the virus and determines it does perform as advertised. After being infected, Aziz is more sympathetic, and more willing to help others. When Aziz goes to Jacqueline’s office, he finds that she is being detained and her office is being quarantined. Jacqueline gets a message to Aziz who goes to her house, gets the virus, and releases a transferable version in the airport. It works. Over the next few months wars end and world peace takes hold. Jacqueline is released from quarantine months later and meets up with Aziz, and their friendship is strengthened in a new world.
Augenblick is not kairos
Authors: Zangeneh Hakhamanesh ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

In this paper we examine the key phenomena associated with the notion of kairos in Heidegger‘s pre-Being and Time writings and show that they all fall short of the methodological constraints and conceptual requirements placed on authentic presence in 1927. Though Heidegger‘s early studies of Aristotle and the New-Testament are broadly suggestive of the notion of temporality that is presented in his systematic treatise, none of those earlier texts carry the differentiations within which the Augenblick of Being and Time is situated. We thus claim that the ekstasis of authentic presence is neither reducible to an eschatological nor to a phronological kairos.
What Homer can teach us about Seynsgeschichte
Authors: Koch William ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

This paper is an attempt to expand upon Heidegger‘s project of thinking the History of Being through an overt engagement with that project‘s limitations. It is in this sense, then, both a carrying forward and a renovation. The limitation I have in mind is Heideg-ger‘s focus upon philosophy, and more specifically written philosophy, for the tracing of the History of Being. This limitation will be addressed by asking what Homer might be able to tell us about the historical unfolding that Heidegger traces in his investigations. As this is a very large project, this paper will sketch the avenues the investigation might take and then focus in detail upon the potential importance of Homeric simile for the path of thinking we embark upon with Heidegger.
Variability in pomological traits of dog rose (Rosa canina L.) under the ecological conditions of the Republic of Croatia
Authors: Tomljenović Nikola , Jemrić Tomislav , Vuković Marko
Published: July 2021

Wild or dog rose (Rosa canina L.) is a successful colonizer of various habitats and different soil types and is widely distributed across the Republic of Croatia. In this research, in order to estimate pomological variability in native dog rose populations, four genotypes from four locations in different geographic areas of Croatia were selected and sampled. The genotypes selected were: genotype G1, originating from the continental part of Croatia (Pitomača); genotypes G2 and G3, originating from the Mediterranean part of Croatia (Kukurini and Posedarje, respectively); and genotype G4, originating from the upland part of Croatia (Gračac). Fruits were harvested at optimum harvest dates in 2010 and 2012. Genotype had a significant effect on each studied pomological trait (length, width, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, volume, surface, shape index, weight, flesh weight, flesh ratio and total dry matter content), while year significantly affected all parameters except sphericity and shape index. The highest values for most pomological traits in 2010 and 2012 were found in the G4 and G3 genotypes, respectively. This research highlighted the existence of high variability in pomological traits among dog rose populations in Croatia, which emphasizes the possibility of further breeding and cultivation.
IPG as a new method to improve the agility of the initial analysis of the inventive design
Authors: Hanifi Masih , Chibane Hicham , Houssin Rémy , Cavallucci Denis
Published: July 2021

TRIZ method has long proven its value without appearing to the industrial world as inevitable. Design researchers have therefore addressed the limitations of the TRIZ method and have overcome them with more systematic approaches. Among these, the Inventive Design Method (IDM) has been the subject of several articles and put into practice in the industry. It is considered an improvement over TRIZ but still suffers from some drawbacks in terms of the time-consuming nature of its implementation. We focused on the IDM process by trying to both identify its areas of inefficiencies while attempting to preserve the quality of its deliverables. Our approach consists of applying the precepts of Lean to IDM. The result is the Inverse Problem Graph (IPG) method, inspired by IDM, but offering significant progress in reducing the time required to mobilize experts while preserving its inventive outcomes. This article outlines our approach for the construction of this new method.
Prediction of the contact pressures and resource of metal-polymer linear cylindrical plain bearings
Authors: Chernets M. , Kornienko A. , Radko O. , Radionenko A.
Published: July 2021

Different types of linear bearings (guides) are widely used in practice in various equipment, as in many other areas of human activity. In particular, this applies to cylindrical guides (linear plain bearings) of reciprocating motion. However, despite their considerable distribution, in fact, there are no reasonable methods for calculating the wear and service life of not only metal but also metal-polymer linear bearings. According to the author's method, the influence of load, base diameter and radial clearance on the maximum initial pressures in this bearing was investigated within the plane contact problem of the theory of elasticity. Further, using the computational method according to the author's tribokinetic model of wear during sliding friction, the effect of the composite bushing wear on the change of the initial contact characteristics (contact pressures and contact angle) was evaluated. The forecast calculation of the service life of the bearing depending on the above factors is also carried out. Quantitative and qualitative regularities of dependence of contact pressures and a resource on the accepted factors are established.
Virtual horizontal machining center LOLA HBG 80 for program verification and monitoring
Authors: Vorkapić Nikola , Živanović Saša , Dimić Zoran , Kokotović Branko , Slavković Nikola
Published: July 2021

This paper describes configuring the virtual horizontal machining center LOLA HBG80 within the programming and verification system and the open architecture control system. The horizontal machining center LOLA HBG 80 is represented by an equivalent virtual machine in a CAD/CAM environment (PTC Creo and Catia), STEP-NC Machine environment, and the control system. Virtual simulation is essential for machining, and the developed virtual machines are used for program verification and monitoring of the machining process. The virtual machine in the programming system allows the verification of the program before sending it to the real machine and includes verification of the tool path (CLF-Cutter Location File) and G-code. The paper also discusses the possibility of applying a new programming method known as STEP-NC and preparing an adequate environment that includes a virtual machine. The virtual machine in the control system represents the last level for the final program verification and the process monitoring system.
The aerodynamics of the wavy blade under the effect of fluctuated wind flow
Authors: Al-Bakri Basim , Aljuhashy Radwan
Published: July 2021

In the present study, the influence of the wavy edge blade on aerodynamic characteristics for the flow of blades at Reynolds number (Re) of 8×105 is numerically investigated based on the unsteady wind flow. Aerodynamic characteristics of a (sinusoidal leading edge) wavy NACA0015 aerofoil blade are carried out using ICEM 19.1 and ANSYS fluent. The numerical simulation is conducted then validated by experimental data with steady wind flow. This is conducted by employing the same Reynold's number in the experimental work. While, the unsteady flow was numerically performed at 1 Hz frequency of wind flow conditions. The main findings from this work show that the wavy blade can behave better in turbulent wind conditions with the maximum lift coefficient of 0.73 compared to 0.621 for the normal blade. However, the findings declare that the wavy blade stalled earlier than the normal one in the unsteady flow case. Similarly, it stalled at 12° angle of attack earlier than the normal one which was stalled at 14° in the steady flow case.
THE EFFECTS OF ADSORBENT MATERIALS ON THE LIPID QUALITY OF LEMURU FISH OIL AND THE ENRICHMENT OF OMEGA-3 USING LIPASE
Authors:   Research Unit for Clean Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Bandung, Rosmalina Raden Tina , Kosasih Wawan , Priatni Sri ,   Research Unit for Clean Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Bandung
Published: July 2021

Sardinella (lemuru) is a genus of fish that is widespread in the East Java Sea region, especially in Muncar, Banyuwangi in East Java Province, Indonesia. Marine fishes are rich in essential fatty acids, including omega-3. This study aims to improve the quality of lemuru fish oil through the use of adsorbent materials such as bentonite and activated carbon. The sample was analyzed to determine its free fatty acid (FFA) content and peroxide value (PV) using the titrimetric method. The clarity of the oil was determined using the spectrophotometric method (λ 440 nm). The omega 3 content from the fish oil sample was then enriched through enzymatic reactions using lipase. Enzymatic reactions were carried out for 5, 10, 15, 20, 35, and 47 hours with a lipase concentration of 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 units respectively. The omega-3 content of the fish oil products was analyzed using the GC-FID method. The results show that the addition of 3% activated carbon and bentonite in the fish oil reduced the FFA and PV results. Moreover, the absorbance value at λ 440 nm was also reduced from 0.883 to 0.559. The highest content of omega-3 was obtained through hydrolysis with lipase at a concentration of 1000 units for 35 hours with alpha-methyl linolenate (ALA), methyl all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentanoate (EPA) and cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosa-hexaenoic acid methyl ester (DHA) at 0.78, 1.06, and 0.29% respectively.
KARAKTERISASI KEJU DANGKE MENGGUNAKAN ENZIM PAPAIN KOMERSIAL DAN PERUBAHAN FISIK SELAMA PENYIMPANAN
Authors:   Progam Studi Ilmu Pangan, Sekolah Pascasarjana, IPB University, Bogor, Musra Nurul Ilmi , Yasni Serdanawati , Syamsir Elvira ,   Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB University, Bogor
Published: July 2021

Dangke is one of the traditional cheeses made from buffalo milk or cow's milk from Enrekang, South Sulawesi,. This research aimed to obtain dangke cheese through a process using commercial papain as the curdling agent and to determine the best products based on the analysis of physical properties of the raw materials and the dangke. The dangke making was conducted using several concentrations of the commercial papain (0.2-5%). Based on the texture, yield and non-bitter taste intensity, the best dangke was obtained using 1, 3, and 5% commercial papain. Dangke made using 1, 3, and 5% commercial papain resulted in yields of 18, 17, and 18%, respectively with compact texture and non-bitter taste. At room temperature storage (±30°C), the dangke had shelf life of less than 24 hours, while at low temperature storage (±4°C), dangke could last for four days.
CURRENT STATUS OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Authors:   Research Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation Policy and Management, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jakarta, Purwaningsih Indah , Hardiyati Ria ,   Research Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation Policy and Management, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jakarta, Zulhamdani Muhammad , Laksani Chichi Shintia , Rianto Yan ,   Center for Implementation and Innovation of Science and Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jakarta
Published: July 2021

The development of functional foods requires extensive research and development (R&D) activities for product development, technology development and commercialization. However, it becomes rather a complex issue in developing countries, including Indonesia. This study briefly discusses the status of functional foods R&D in Indonesia by understanding the opportunities and challenges. Employing scientometrics with bibliometric data from Scopus Database from the early retrievable date to October 29, 2018, the study finds out that R&D on functional foods in Indonesia indicates a substantially increasing trend in the last decade. The research activities are mostly conducted by public research institutes (PRIs) and universities in the area of identification of bioactive compounds and their effects on health. They explore the abundant potentially indigenous biodiversity from Indonesia, both land and marine resources. Nonetheless, the R&D activities are still lacking of network and integration between the subject areas. Underdeveloped infrastructure, limited human resources and financial support, costly preparation for the clinical test to satisfy health claims regulation and the gap between academic research and industry have been key issues in Indonesian functional foods R&D. By using innovation system perspectives, this study suggests that public R&D on functional foods demands active collaboration between PRIs, universities and industry as well as the supportive regulation system from policymakers to enhance the development of functional foods in the future.
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PROBIOTIC DRINK BASED ON MORINGA LEAVES JUICE
Authors:   Research Center for Appropriate Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Subang, Desnilasari Dewi , Agustina Wawan , Putri Devry Pramesti , Iwansyah Ade Chandra , Setiaboma Woro , Sholichah Enny , Herminiati Ainia ,   Research Center for Appropriate Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Subang
Published: July 2021

Moringa (Moringa oleifera) is rich in minerals, vitamins, and other essential phytochemicals. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of addition skim milk powder to the characteristics of probiotic drinks based on moringa leaves juices. The probiotic drink was fermented by Lactobacillus casei FNCC 00090 with different levels of skim milk powder (0, 3, 5, and 7%). The results showed that supplementation skims milk powders significantly affected the color of the probiotic product. The higher level of skim milk powders, the lighter, greener, and more yellow in the color (P<0.05). The higher concentration of skim milk, the higher of pH and lactic acid content resulted. The number of probiotics among the treatment was not significantly different. The addition of 7% skims milk powder produced the highest protein content, anti-bacterial activity, phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. This product has a protein content of 2.65%, antibacterial activity: 14.50±1.80 mm (zone inhibition of E. coli) and 35.33±4.16 mm (zone inhibition of S. aureus), phenolic content of 0.2410±0.0054 mg equivalent gallic acid/mL sample, and antioxidant activity of 75.18±1.45%. The probiotics drink based on moringa leaves juices has the potential to be developed as a functional drink.
Itinerario de un cosmoargentino: Julio Cortázar y el Chile de Allende
Authors: Lobo Carballo Olga
Published: July 2021

Hecho relativamente poco conocido en la trayectoria vital y de creación de Julio Cortázar, el periodo comprendido entre 1970 y 1980 está marcado por una fuerte implicación con “los chilenos”: primero en tanto apoyo a la vía chilena hacia el socialismo, después en la resistencia cultural contra Pinochet. Queremos, así, destacar en este trabajo su compromiso con la vía chilena al socialismo con el objeto de plantear algunos cuestionamientos en torno a la noción misma de compromiso y abordar la evolución ideológica y posiciones teóricas del autor argentino en torno al lugar que la cultura debía ocupar en la emancipación de los pueblos latinoamericanos. Para ello nos centraremos tanto en estudiar las convergencias teóricas entre posturas intelectuales en el seno de los debates de la época en torno al rol del intelectual en la revolución, como en dar una muestra de las acciones concretas en las que se tradujo su implicación. Todo ello nos permitirá finalmente explicar la visión cortazariana de la creación como “arma para corregir el futuro”.
El debate cultural en la Unidad Popular: una cuestión previa (1958-1969)
Authors: Briceño Ramírez Laura de la Luz
Published: July 2021

Este artículo tiene como finalidad examinar de dónde provienen las conceptualizaciones e ideas expresadas en el debate cultural de la Unidad Popular, especificando en el caso de la propuesta del escritor Enrique Lihn, quien durante este gobierno actuó como un intelectual comprometido con el proyecto socialista. Se plantea que las prácticas de sociabilidad de los escritores en los años sesenta, posibilitaron la conformación de una red intelectual latinoamericana, que produjo y puso en circulación, desde un marxismo heterodoxo, la función social de la literatura, el compromiso del escritor y las necesidades de crear las condiciones sociales y culturales para que el pueblo protagonizara el proceso de cambio social. Compartimos la idea de que el gobierno de Salvador Allende representa la culminación de una serie de procesos intelectuales en los que se pensó el problema de la cultura en América Latina y la propuesta de Enrique Lihn, para el caso de Chile, evidencia el accionar de los escritores como actores colectivos en el campo cultural y político, dispuestos a discutir sus propuestas con el gobierno revolucionario.
Filmar la aceleración de la historia: dicotomías del gesto en dos documentales de la UTE
Authors: Albornoz Fariña Ignacio Nicolás
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo realiza un primer abordaje a la producción del Departamento de Cine y Televisión de la antigua Universidad Técnica del Estado, a través del análisis de dos obras significativas de su acervo: El sueldo de Chile (Balmaceda, 1971) y Hombres de hierro (Román, 1972). Ambas cintas serán confrontadas a la idea de una “aceleración de la historia”, frecuentemente citada por los comentadores como un criterio crucial para la comprensión del período de la Unidad Popular. Considerando la “predisposición casi ontológica a la contradicción” que caracteriza según la literatura al cine chileno de la época, se intentará finalmente demostrar que el cine de la UTE, lejos de sucumbir a un esquema temporal homogéneo ?el de una pura y simple aceleración del cuerpo social en su conjunto?, es sintomático de la coexistencia de “regímenes temporales” diversos y potencialmente divergentes, manifestados sobre todo a través de distintas interacciones entre el gesto manual y el gesto mecanizado.
Un encuentro personal con una épica colectiva: conversando en torno a los documentos del período de formación del Museo de la Solidaridad
Authors: López González Loreto
Published: July 2021

La conmemoración de los 50 años del triunfo de la Unidad Popular encabezada por Salvador Allende, encuentra a la sociedad chilena en medio de uno de los procesos de movilización y protesta más álgido y extendido de los últimos años. Desde el 18 de octubre de 2019 calles y barrios de distintas ciudades a lo largo del país, han sido testigos del múltiples marchas, asambleas y cabildos, donde se mezcla el descontento por las condiciones de vida propias del modelo neoliberal instalado por la dictadura y consagrado por los gobiernos de la transición, con la efervescencia y la esperanza de que todas las horas de protesta, consignas, rayados, pancartas, conversaciones y también vidas vulneradas en esas acciones, abran por fin las grandes alamedas, como el propio Salvador Allende esperaba ocurriera en algún momento, a pesar del Golpe de Estado que derrocó al gobierno de la Unidad Popular.
Application of human liver organoids as a patient-derived primary model for HBV infection and related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: De Crignis Elisa , Hossain Tanvir , Romal Shahla , Carofiglio Fabrizia , Moulos Panagiotis , Khalid Mir Mubashir , Rao Shringar , Bazrafshan Ameneh , Verstegen Monique MA , Pourfarzad Farzin , Koutsothanassis Christina , Gehart Helmuth , Kan Tsung Wai , Palstra Robert-Jan , Boucher Charles , IJzermans Jan NM , Huch Meritxell , Boj Sylvia F , Vries Robert , Clevers Hans , van der Laan Luc JW , Hatzis Pantelis , Mahmoudi Tokameh
Published: July 2021

The molecular events that drive hepatitis B virus (HBV)-mediated transformation and tumorigenesis have remained largely unclear, due to the absence of a relevant primary model system. Here we propose the use of human liver organoids as a platform for modeling HBV infection and related tumorigenesis. We first describe a primary ex vivo HBV-infection model derived from healthy donor liver organoids after challenge with recombinant virus or HBV-infected patient serum. HBV-infected organoids produced covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and HBV early antigen (HBeAg), expressed intracellular HBV RNA and proteins, and produced infectious HBV. This ex vivo HBV-infected primary differentiated hepatocyte organoid platform was amenable to drug screening for both anti-HBV activity and drug-induced toxicity. We also studied HBV replication in transgenically modified organoids; liver organoids exogenously overexpressing the HBV receptor sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) after lentiviral transduction were not more susceptible to HBV, suggesting the necessity for additional host factors for efficient infection. We also generated transgenic organoids harboring integrated HBV, representing a long-term culture system also suitable for viral production and the study of HBV transcription. Finally, we generated HBV-infected patient-derived liver organoids from non-tumor cirrhotic tissue of explants from liver transplant patients. Interestingly, transcriptomic analysis of patient-derived liver organoids indicated the presence of an aberrant early cancer gene signature, which clustered with the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cohort on The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma dataset and away from healthy liver tissue, and may provide invaluable novel biomarkers for the development of HCC and surveillance in HBV-infected patients.
McsB forms a gated kinase chamber to mark aberrant bacterial proteins for degradation
Authors: Hajdusits Bence , Suskiewicz Marcin J , Hundt Nikolas , Meinhart Anton , Kurzbauer Robert , Leodolter Julia , Kukura Philipp , Clausen Tim
Published: July 2021

In Gram-positive bacteria, the McsB protein arginine kinase is central to protein quality control, labeling aberrant molecules for degradation by the ClpCP protease. Despite its importance for stress response and pathogenicity, it is still elusive how the bacterial degradation labeling is regulated. Here, we delineate the mechanism how McsB targets aberrant proteins during stress conditions. Structural data reveal a self-compartmentalized kinase, in which the active sites are sequestered in a molecular cage. The ‘closed’ octamer interconverts with other oligomers in a phosphorylation-dependent manner and, unlike these ‘open’ forms, preferentially labels unfolded proteins. In vivo data show that heat-shock triggers accumulation of higher order oligomers, of which the octameric McsB is essential for surviving stress situations. The interconversion of open and closed oligomers represents a distinct regulatory mechanism of a degradation labeler, allowing the McsB kinase to adapt its potentially dangerous enzyme function to the needs of the bacterial cell.
Secure biometric authentication with de-duplication on distributed cloud storage
Authors: M Vinoth Kumar , Venkatachalam K , P Prabu , Almutairi Abdulwahab , Abouhawwash Mohamed
Published: July 2021

Cloud computing is one of the evolving fields of technology, which allows storage, access of data, programs, and their execution over the internet with offering a variety of information related services. With cloud information services, it is essential for information to be saved securely and to be distributed safely across numerous users. Cloud information storage has suffered from issues related to information integrity, data security, and information access by unauthenticated users. The distribution and storage of data among several users are highly scalable and cost-efficient but results in data redundancy and security issues. In this article, a biometric authentication scheme is proposed for the requested users to give access permission in a cloud-distributed environment and, at the same time, alleviate data redundancy. To achieve this, a cryptographic technique is used by service providers to generate the bio-key for authentication, which will be accessible only to authenticated users. A Gabor filter with distributed security and encryption using XOR operations is used to generate the proposed bio-key (biometric generated key) and avoid data deduplication in the cloud, ensuring avoidance of data redundancy and security. The proposed method is compared with existing algorithms, such as convergent encryption (CE), leakage resilient (LR), randomized convergent encryption (RCE), secure de-duplication scheme (SDS), to evaluate the de-duplication performance. Our comparative analysis shows that our proposed scheme results in smaller computation and communication costs than existing schemes.
Extent of variability in fruit morphological characters of local mango germplasm
Authors: Singh Gurbir , Singh Sukhdev
Published: July 2021

A study was conducted on twenty five genotypes of seedling Mangoes to examine fruit morphological characters. Fruit shape of the evaluated germplasm varied enormously and fruits of obovoid, elliptic, round and oblong shapes were found. Fruit apex shape in the evaluated plants was round, acute and obtuse. Depth of fruit stalk cavity was either absent, shallow and of medium type, whereas, fruit neck prominence was absent to slightly prominent in the tested plants. Shape of fruit ventral shoulder was varied and found to be slopping abruptly, rising and then rounded and long curve type in the evaluated germplasm. Fruit beak varies from pointed to perceptible type and fruit sinus was absent to shallow type in the fruits from different plants. Fruit attractiveness varies from very good to excellent and fruit colour from greenish yellow to green colour of fruit skin at maturity was noted in fruits from selected trees. Peel colour of AA-15 was different amongst all the genotypes which were green with red blush. Pulp colour varied from light orange, yellow orange, orange yellow, yellow and light yellow, whereas, pulp texture was soft to intermediate in the evaluated germplasm. Key words: Mangifera indica; Genotype susceptibility; Punjab; India.
Peri-neural Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC): A Clinico-pathological Marker of OSCC Prognosis and Risk Assessment
Authors: Singh Priyankar , Imam Zeenat S. , Singh Sidhharth , Sinha Setu , Singh Varsha , Sharma A. K.
Published: July 2021

Aims And Objectives: To assess the incidence of Peri-Neural invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and to notify its significance as potent risk factor in OSCC recurrence and metastasis.

Study Design and Place of Study: A retrospective in vitro study was conducted at Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, after approval of ethical committee

Material and Methods: Clinical, histopathological and follow-up details of 86 cases of oral squamaous cell carcinoma were collected from medical records as secondary data from December 2019 till April 2021. Peri-Neural invasion was assessed in all patients and was associated with, lymph node involvement and with the different histologic grades of OSCC. Location, density and patterns of Peri-Neural invasion was checked along with extracapsular spread and survival. Chi-square test was used for analyzing statistical data. P value of < .05 was considered as significant

Results: On statistical analysis it was found that, out of total 86 cases of OSCC, 59 were primary and 27 were recurrent OSCC. Male to female ratio was 3:1 and primary cases were more in age group of 35-44 years where as recurrent OSCC were more in age group of 55-64 years. Out of 59 primary cases of OSCC, Peri-Neural invasion was seen in 27 cases and out of 27 recurrent OSCC 18 had Peri-Neural invasion with a total of 45 cases with Peri-Neural invasion out of 86. Intratumor location was assessed in 22 cases and density of 1-2 nerves per section was seen. “Crescent” pattern was commonly occurring pattern in our study.

Conclusion: Our study affirmed that the incidence of Peri-Neural invasion is high in OSCC. It is present in both primary and recurrent tumors, irrespective of tumor’s grading. PNI must be assessed in all cases of OSCC as it gives markable impression on recurrence, metastasis and prognosis, and modulates treatment protocols.
Determination of Genetic Association of Yield and Quality Traits in Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea)
Authors: Xalxo Binita , Lal Gabrial M. , Debnath Sneha , Tripathi Avneesh M.
Published: July 2021

The present investigation was carried out at the field Experimentation Centre, Department of genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, U.P. The experiment on 22 genotypes was laid out in Randomised Block Design with three replications. Observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants to each treatment and replication for 13 quantitative characters viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, days to 50 per cent pod setting, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, harvest index, biological yield, seed yield per plant and one qualitative character protein content to estimate the variability, heritability. genetic advance, correlation and path coefficient analysis among yield. Maximum GCV and PCV were recorded for number of pods per plant and 100-seed weight. High genetic advance as percentage of mean recorded for number of pods per plant. High heritability was recorded for 100-seed weight. High genetic advance was recorded for 100-seed weight. Seed yield per plant had showed high positive significant correlation with biological yield per plant, harvest index, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per plant at phenotypic and genotypic levels.
Energy Auditing of Cape Gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) Production with Agronomic Manipulations in Sodic Soils of Indo-gangetic Plains
Authors: Ali Angrej , Singh B. P.
Published: July 2021

This study investigated the energy input-output relationship in biomass production of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) grown in Sodic soils of Indo-Gangetic plains with agronomic manipulations of plant spacing (90 x 75 cm, 75 x 75 cm, 75 x 75 cm) and NPK fertilizers (0, 60:40:40, 80:60:60, 100:80:80 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1). Results indicated that total input energy requirements in various treatments ranged from 16784.72 MJ ha-1 in 90 x 75 cm spacing without NPK fertilizers to 24395.04 MJ ha-1 in case of 75 x 60 cm spacing with NPK  at 100:80:80 kg ha-1. Irrespective of agronomic manipulations, share of non-renewable energy in total input energy was very high (64.56%) and the percentage proportions of direct and indirect energies in the total input energy were 75.56 and 24.13%, respectively. Among various inputs, diesel accounted for the greatest proportion (40.44%) of total input energy, followed by water (32%), fertilizers (19.28%) and these three inputs constituted 92.08% of total input energy. Crop raised at 75 x 60 cm spacing with NPK at 100:80:80 kg ha-1 resulted the highest output energy (80863 MJ ha-1), net energy return (56529.91 MJ ha-1) and energy use efficiency (3.22); however, the results obtained at 75 x 60 cm spacing with NPK at 100:80:80 kg ha-1 were comparable. The best energy productivity (0.43) was achieved with 75 x 75 cm spacing and 100:80:80 kg NPK ha-1.
Ethical Problems in Nigerian Fiscal Administration (An Analysis of Political Emoluments and Remuneration)
Authors: Idowu Tolulope Waliat
Published: July 2021

Political Emoluments have never been only a Nigerian issue, but also a fiscal issue facing global economy today. It has become an ethical issue in public financial management, thereby hampering on the economic growth of national and international economies, respectively. Nevertheless, this paper takes into consideration such ethical issues, laying emphasis on the constitutional background of how this finance issue can be resolved legally and ethically. The major methodology to researching on this fiscal issue is a descriptive, explanatory, and prescriptive analysis, putting together the legal provisions of the Nigerian constitutions as a DNA for appropriate recommendations as a way forward. The paragraph 31 and 32 of the 3rd Schedule of the Nigerian Constitution is the major area of focus for the analysis of this paper, thereby drawing a line between the adoption of the written and spirit of the aforementioned section of the constitution in theory and practice in order to curb the fiscal crisis in the Nigerian public Emoluments laws.
Determinant Factors of Labor Turnover- A New Perspective
Authors: Rajapakshe Wasantha
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The study aims to develop a conceptual framework based on the existing labor turnover model and test it empirically.  The model tested how dissatisfaction with government rules and regulations, work environment, social environment, and shock to the system and demographic factors impact turnover.

Design/Methodology/Approach: This is a cross-sectional study conducted based on data collected from 384 employees who have left the garment industry in Sri Lanka. Data were analyzed through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Multiple Regression Analysis.

Findings: The results indicate dissatisfaction with government rules and regulations, work environment, social environment, a shock to the system, age, service, and income significantly influence labor turnover. 

Research Limitations/Implications:  The scope of this study did not cover factors that can affect employees' turnover, such as dissatisfaction with low performance, voice, and neglect of work, high absenteeism, and grievances. 

Practical Implications: Policy-makers can use the tested model to determine the causes of the existing issue of labor turnover and intervene to formulate strategies/policies, devise solutions for the same.  Management intervention would be effective to help handle and minimize problems associated with the existing issue of labor turnover.

Originality/Value: To date, previous studies are based on the existing employees' intention to quit. However, the present study considers employees who have already quit the industry; thus, the study fills the empirical gap in the area of research on labor turnover.
Velocity Slip Effect on MHD Power-Law Fluid over a Moving Surface with Heat Generation, Viscous Dissipation and Thermal Radiation
Authors: Ayodeji Falana , Pele Babatope. O
Published: July 2021

The problem of laminar boundary layer flow of power-law fluid over a continuous moving surface in the presence of a transverse magnetic field with velocity slip was investigated. The governing partial differential equations for the flow and heat transfer were transformed into non-linear ordinary differential equations using the similarity method. These equations were solved numerically by applying the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method with a shooting technique. The solution is found to be dependent on various parameters such as power-law index, magnetic field parameter, suction, and injection parameters. The effect of various flow parameters in the form of dimensionless quantities on the flow field is discussed and graphically presented. It was observed that an increase in the magnetic property results to a decrease flow of fluid velocity and also, an increase in the Prandtl number results to an increase in the rate of heat transfer.
Understanding Individual Perception and Experience of Fear during Mandatory Quarantine: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ghana
Authors: Ofori Dudley W. , Antwi James
Published: July 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has manifested differently across the globe in terms of its sociocultural and economic impacts. The World Health Organization (WHO) developed guidelines for the effective implementation of local or national quarantine protocols to quickly detect people who have been exposed to COVID-19 and separate them from others during the disease’s incubation period. This paper examines how Ghanaians perceive and experience fear under quarantine in the various designated quarantine centres (Pentecost Community Centre and Pram-pram Convention Centre).

Drawing on the interpretive inquiry lens, data were collected through phone/Skype interviews with six individuals who had been quarantined with experience to share. Interpretative Phenomenology Approach (IPA) for data analysis was used to interpret the views and experience of participants under quarantine and how that affected their well-being. Using the WHO quarantine guidelines, our analyses focused on an individual’s experience of fear under quarantine, offering an insight into what characterises their fear as well as exploring events, coping strategies and the implementation of standard quarantine protocols in the country.

The results showed that the quarantine protocols aligned with the WHO guidelines, albeit with some exceptions; these omissions partly compounded the fear experienced by those who were quarantined in the various centres. The results help to reveal the specific events that led to fear. For example, the fear of being infected by others at the quarantine centres, the unknown duration of the quarantine, the potential loss of lives and the uncertainty of recovery. The participants managed their fearful experiences and tension at the quarantine centres by coming together to pray every morning, share the word of God and engage in jokes. This paper contributes to issues of distinct emotions and individual viewpoints under mandatory quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic in a specific country context.
Evaluation of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions among Patients of the Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Wards of a Major Teaching Hospital in Iran
Authors: Khamas Shahriyar Shahbazi , Lebadi Mohammadkazem , Ashouri Asieh , Mokhtari Gholamreza , Jafari Atefeh
Published: July 2021

Aims: This study was aimed to find the prevalence of potential DDIs in patients and identify factors associated with these interactions.

Study design:  All patients' medication regimens were screened for potential DDIs through Lexi-Interact® Online application.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted for five months in 2017-2018 at the nephrology and kidney transplant ward of Razi hospital, Rasht, Iran.

Methodology: Each potential DDI was characterized based on severity, onset, mechanism, risk rating and reliability rating.  The patient's comorbidity was assessed with the Charlson comorbidity index. The quality of patients' life was assessed with the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Instrument-SF36TM questionnaire.

Results: The study included 191 patients (109 [57.07%] males and 82 [42.93%] females) with a mean age of 58.09 ± 17.76 years. The analysis revealed that 29.4 % of potential DDIs had good and 13.5% had excellent evidence. There was a statistically significant association among the number of prescribed medications (polypharmacy), hospital ward, age, Body Mass Index, education, history of drug addiction, length of hospitalization, dyslipidemia, and hypothyroidism.

Conclusion Potential DDIs are common in patients of the nephrology and kidney transplant wards, so proper patient monitoring is essential for minimizing and preventing potential adverse outcomes of DDIs.
Prompt Practice of Organized Teaching and Awareness of Domestic Waste Management among Rural Communities
Authors: Rakshale Nilima , Tendolkar Vaishali , Meshram Komal , Meshram Supriya
Published: July 2021

Background: Waste disposal and collection, processing, transportation and dumping of waste - the 'waste management process' - is important for both public health and aesthetic and environmental reasons. The study uncontrolled hazards waste from the industry after mixing with municipal waste create potential risk to human health.

Objectives: 1. A Study to Assess An Immediate Effectiveness of Planned Teaching on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Household Waste Management among the Rural Community People in Selected Area of Wardha District. 2. To associate the knowledge and practice among the community people in a selected area of Wardha district regarding household waste management. Materials and Methods: This study was based on one group pre-test post-test experimental research study. The population was the rural community people from Sawangi and Salod in the Wardha district. The subject consisted of 50 community people of 18-50 years of age in the selected rural community of Wardha district.

Results: The minimum score in the posttest was 13 and the maximum score was 18, the mean score for the posttest was 16.04±1.10 with a mean percentage score of 89.11±6.14. The tabulated value for n=50-1 i.e. 49 degrees of freedom was 2.00. The stated value of 't' is much higher than the value tagged at a value level of 5% at the general public knowledge level which is a statistically acceptable level of value.
Evaluation of safety of Arohi Snehapana (Incremental Oleation Therapy) Over Physical, Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Sawarkar Punam , Kuchewar Vaishali , Sawarkar Gaurav
Published: July 2021

Background: Ayurveda strongly recommends the Panchakarma (Purification or detoxification therapies), e.g., Vamana (Therapeutic emesis) & Virechana (Therapeutic purgation) etc., in healthy persons for the prevention of the diseases & maintenance of the health. Vamana & Virechana are preceded by the Arohi Snehapana (Incremental oleation) compromising of intake of specific lipid in a large quantity. As it facilitates the smooth conduction of these procedures & brings bio-toxins in the systemic circulation for their easy elimination through these procedures;therefore it is the mandatory criteria before these procedures. However, there is apprehension about its lipid elevating effect; therefore, there is quite a restriction in its acceptability in the current cholesterol-sensitive era. Ultimately, people hesitate to undergo Shodhana measures & they get deprived of their miraculous results.

Aim and Objective: Considering these hurdles, the current study was planned to evaluate and assess the safety effects of Arohi Snehapana over physical, hematological, and biochemical parameters in healthy volunteers.

Materials and Methods: This is a single-centric, open-labeled clinical trial in which a total of 50 healthy volunteers (both male & female) were recruited. All volunteers were selected by purposive sample method & were prescribed Incremental oleation with cow ghee before Shodhana therapy for a maximum of 7 days or till achievement of proper oleation features, whichever is earlier. All volunteers were assessed for physical (weight, B.M.I.), hematological & biochemical parameters before & just after the intervention.

Result and Observations: In this study, Bodyweight declined significantly by 3-4 kg (1.47%. ) for (P<0.001) within 1-7 days of an intervention despite using a good amount of fat (Go-Ghrita). Blood urea was significantly decreased by 12.63 % (for p-Value <0.001), but this decrease was absolutely within the normal range. Significant reduction in blood urea after invention proves the role of Snehapana to reduce overload over the kidney and perform the protective role. No significant elevation in lipid profile due to this intervention.

Conclusion: The current study evaluates the efficacy of Incremental oleation with respect to various proper oleation features and its safety over physical, hematological, and biochemical parameters in healthy volunteers.
Health Locus of Control: A Determinant of Oral Health among Tobacco users in Rural India
Authors: Singh Sweta , Acharya Shashidhar , Bhat Meghashyam , Bhat S. , Chakravarthy P. Kalyan , Kariya Pratik
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The concept of health locus of control is important because of its relation with health attitudes, behavior and coping styles. This study was done to compare the locus of control orientation and oral health status of tobacco users with that of non-tobacco users.

Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on rural population in southern Indian state. All the participants were interviewed to gather data on their socio-demographic correlates, oral health related behavior and health locus of control with the help of a pre-tested questionnaire. Clinical examination was done using WHO oral health assessment form (1997).Main outcome measures were Locus of Control, Oral Health (dental caries status and periodontal status).

Results: Tobacco users were found to score lower on the dimension of Internality and higher on the Chance dimension compared to non-tobacco users. The prevalence and severity of periodontal disease was significantly higher in tobacco users than non-tobacco users irrespective of age and socioeconomic strata.

Conclusion: It was also concluded that non-tobacco users had internal orientation to health locus of control thereby being important behavioral factor controlling health in this group.Findings also demonstrated significant association between tobacco usage and adverse periodontal health.