bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The study some changes biochemical parameters in patient’s renal failure in before and after haemodialysis program
Authors: Nahi Habbob Salam , A.H. Khalil Sajedha
Published: June 2024

This study was designed to investigate changes in some biochemical parameters (urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium) at the end stage of renal disease (ESRD) patient on convenintial haemodialysis program.
         The study was included collected of one hundred and thirteen (113) samples. Eighty-three (83) patients with end stage renal disease on haemodialysis program including (47) males and (36) females with a mean age of (43.3±18.0) years and range from (20-65) years. All the patients had been on dialysis twice per week for two hours each time. In addition, thirty from apparently healthy volunteers as control.
         The subjects were fasted for twelve hours and the samples were drowning 30 minutes before haemodialysis and 30 minutes after haemodialysis.
        This study showed highly significant differences in urea and creatinine concentrations before and after haemodialysis and when compared with control (before haemodialysis with control and after haemodialysis with control). The significant changes exist when the patients grouped according to gender (male and female) and age [(20-35), (36-50) and (51-65) years].
        The electrolytes were varied in their changes. There was non-significant difference in sodium concentration except significant change in before and after haemodialysis when compared each with control; while potassium showed a highly significant changes except when pre dialysis compared to control and in the last two age groups (36-50) and (51-65) years in which there were no significant difference.
EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF CHLORELLA SP. ON ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA PARASITE IN VIVO
Authors: , A. M. Fadhil , Wahab, R. A Abdul , A.T. Khadija
Published: June 2024

The objective of this study was to conduct in vivo to detect the effect of Chlorella extract on Entamoeba histolytica. and to examine its therapeutic effect in male laboratory rats type Mus musculus. These rats were dosed with a concentration of (1, 1.5 and 2) mg/ml of the aforesaid extract at a daily dose of (10, 15 and 20) days and then, the rats’ faeces were tested to observe the change in parasite numbers after dosing the extract. The results showed that the aqueoueous extract of Chlorella sp. was effective in reducing the vesicated and fed stages Entamoeba histolytica-infected rats, where the rate of killing those stages had recorded the highest percentage at dose of 2mg/ml during a period of 20 days. Moreover, qualitative detections of chemicals for secondary metabolism of aqueoueous extract of Chlorella sp. were carried out, which indicated the presence of chemically active compounds. The therapeutic efficiency of the extract was also calculated, which has recorded 62.70%.Chemical compounds were diagnosed using the gas chromatography technique - gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Gc -mass). These compounds were represented by 1- (5-Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptyl) ethylamine, 1.4-Bis [5- [3-trifluoromethylphenyl]. 1, 2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl] benzene Pentadeoanoic, acid, Estra-1,3,5 (10) -trin-17. beta. -0l, 1-Heneicosanol, 1,2,4-Triazol, 4 - [N- (2-hydroxyethyl) -N-nitro] amino-, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z), 6-octadecadienoic acid, (Z) -, 9-Oxa-bicyclo [3.3.1] Noonan-2,6-dione, cyclopentanicarboxylic acid, 2-acetyl-5-methyl-).
Decimal Digits Recognition from Lip Movement Using GoogleNet network
Authors: Saadun Naif1 Kwakib , Mahdi Hashim2 Kadhim , Mahdi Hashim2 Kadhim
Published: June 2024

Lip reading is a visual way to communicate with people through the movement of the lips, especially thehearing impaired and people who are in noisy environments such as stadiums and airports. Lip reading isnot easy to face many difficulties, especially when taking a video of the person, including lighting,rotation, the person’s position and different skin colors...etc. As researchers are constantly looking fornew techniques for lip-reading.The main objective of the paper is to design and implement an effective system for identifying decimaldigits by movement. Our proposed system consists of two stages, namely, preprocessing, in which theface and mouth area are detected, lips are determined and stored in a temporary folder to used viola jones.The second stage is to take a GoogleNet neural network and insert the flange frame in it, where thefeatures will be extracted in the convolutional layer and then the classification process where the resultswere convincing and we obtained an accuracy of 87% by using a database consisting of 35 videos and itcontained seven males and two females, and the number of the frame was 21,501 lips image.
Comparison of DenseNet201 and ResNet50 for lip reading of decimal Digits
Authors: Saadun Naif1 Kwakib , Mahdi Hashim2 Kadhim
Published: June 2024

Lip reading is a technology supportive of humanity. It a process that interprets the movement of the lipsto understand speech by means of visual interpretation. Where understanding speech is difficult for somegroups of people, especially the hearing impaired or people who are in noisy environments such as theairport or factories lip reading is the alternative source for understanding what people are saying.In the proposal the work starts with inserting the video into the Viola Jones algorithm and taking asequential frame of the face image, then face detection, mouth detection and ROI cropping, then insertingthe mouth frame into a convolutional neural network (DenseNet201) or ReNet50 neural network wherefeatures are extracted and then the test frames are categorized. In this research, a database consisting of35 videos of seven people (5 males and 2 females) was used to pronounce decimal numbers (0, 1, 2, ...,9). The test results indicate that the accuracy in DenseNet20 network is 90%, and in ResNet50 networkwe got an accuracy of 86%.
Eye Movement Recognition Using Support Vector Machine
Authors: R. Abih Aya , J. Hayawi Mustafa
Published: June 2024

People with disabilities suffer from inability to communicate with their surroundings, so Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) technologies are used to have a means of communication for people withdisabilities with their surroundings. HCI is an emerging technology in the disciplines of ArtificialIntelligence and Biomedical Engineering. To power an external device, HCI technology uses severalbasic signals such as ECG, EMG, and EEG. Electrooculography (EOG) is a technique for measuring thepotential difference between the cornea and the retina located between the front and back of the humaneye, and the main application of EOG is to determine the directions of different eye movements. Thisstudy aims to assess eye movement for communication by persons with disabilities usingelectrocardiogram (EOG) data. In this study, the Supporting Vector Machine (SVM) classificationtechnique was used and two types of features (statistical and time domain features) were used.Classification accuracy was 90.7% and 93.9% when using SVM with statistical domain and time domainfeatures, respectively
On fuzzy soft m-hyponormal operator
Authors: Dawood Mohsen Salim , Khalid Mousa Hanan
Published: June 2024

The aim of this search, is to introduce some notions of fuzzy soft ℳ hyponormal operatordefined on fuzzy soft Hilbart space, denoted by ℱ????ℳℎ-operator ,also some importantproperties of this operator, as well as discussion for some theorems related to this operator,also in this paper we investigate another generalized of some types of hyponormaloperator which as soft fuzzy soft ℳ hyponormal operator, shortly (????ℱ????ℳℎ ????operatorand some theorems of operations about this concepts have been given
Epileptic Seizure Detection Using Feature Importance and ML Classifiers
Authors: Lateef Noor Al-hajjar Alaa , Kadhum M. Al-Qurabat1 Ali
Published: June 2024

Epilepsy seizure (ES) monitoring and detection are only two examples of the many problems that maybe addressed by combining the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) with machine learning (ML)techniques and cloud computing services. Epilepsy, a potentially fatal neurological disorder, is aworldwide problem that poses a significant threat to human health. There is an urgent need for areliable way of identifying epileptic seizures in their early stages to save thousands of epileptic patientsevery year. With the use of IoMT, several medical treatments, such as epileptic monitoring, diagnosis,and other procedures, may be performed remotely, hence lowering healthcare costs and enhancingservice quality. EEG datasets have made use of feature importance-based data reduction to address theproblem of a high number of data points and improve the delivery of service to the end user. In thisarticle, we use the feature importance method by applying two popular machine learning techniquesextra tree classifier (ETC) and the extreme gradient boosting classifier (XGBoost). Finally, theperformance of a number of tests is evaluated using experimental data from Bonn University. Alsoachieved is a comparison of the two approaches used. The collected findings demonstrate the efficacyof the XGBoost technique and its greater accuracy in comparison to the ETC strategy
Stress - Strength Reliability Estimation for Parallel Redundant System Based on Weibull-Ryleigh Distribution
Authors: I. Alwan Mohammad , S. Karam Nada
Published: June 2024

Estimation for reliability of a parallel redundant system with independent stress and strength Weibull-Ryleigh probability density functions is considered. Estimation of the reliability parameters wasconducted according to three methods, namely maximum likelihood, moments and percentiles methods.Finally, the reliability estimate was calculated and the best method for estimation for each case was givenusing the mean squared error criteria. It was found that the best estimation method is the percentilesmethod.
Effect of gum Arabic and arginine on antioxidant activity and the growth of Lactobacillus in rats
Authors: Shehab Najla , Radhi Addai Zuhair , Khater Abbas Yass
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activities and their effect on the numbers ofLactobacillus of dietary gum arabic and arginine supplemented in female rat. In this study, the common testfor measuring antioxidant activity of the plasma was evaluated using 2, 2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl assay(DPPH. The active compounds were detected using GC-mass and the Lactobacillus bacteria was evaluatedby detecting them in the MRS culture medium, agar. The results showed that there were significantdifferences between the studied groups, where the highest (87.00 ± 2.00) rate of antioxidants was recorded inthe group of gum Arabic and arginine, while the lowest (40.67 ± 2.51) percentage was recorded in thepositive control group. The results of GC-mass also showed the presence of many active compounds in theextract of Arabic gum that act as antioxidants, microorganisms, allergens, and anti-cancer. The GA + AAgroup also recorded the highest average number of Lactobacillus bacteria (240.66) compared to the rest ofthe other groups. These findings support the notion that the gum arabic a good source of bioactivecompounds. From the study it was observed that there was a significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05) in plasmatotal antioxidant capacity and increase the growth of Lactobacillus in rat after the consumption of gumarabic and arginine.
Adiponectin gene polymorphism (rs2241766) in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Hussein Jalood1 Hayder
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe present study aimed to determine the association between the adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ gene) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Sixty individuals (40 patients and 20 healthy) were comprising in this study. The current results demonstrated significant relationship between TG genotype (22.5% ofCAD patients and 30% of healthy individuals) when compared with TT genotype. GG genotype was less common (12.5% and 15% of patients and control), as comparing with other genotypes. Also, there is no significant differences between GG genotype and TT genotype. There is no significant differences in allel frequencies between CAD patient and control group, while, T allel showed high frequency rate (76.25% and 70% in patients and control group respectively). Five mutations were determined within the studied region of the ADIPOQ gene using mutation surveyor program: 1 (20%) Deletion (g. 15324del C), 2 (40%) Transversion (g.15430G>T), 1 (20%) Transversion (g.15345A>C), 1 (20%) Transversion (g.15454T>A). In conclusion,the current study showed that rs2241766 polymorphisms affect in patients with coronary artery disease.
Effect of Haptoglobin Genotype on Essential Mineral Levels in Patients With Sickle Cell Anemia, Hepatitis C: A comparative Analysis
Authors: Salih Jumaa Sally , Abid Maktoof Afrah , Salih Nuhia Rasha
Published: June 2024

AbstracteThe current study was conducted in the laboratories of the Marsh Research Center, the Center for Genetic Diseases, and Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital during the period from June 2022 to January 2023, with the aim of studying the genetic polymorphism of the haptoglobin (Hp) gene and its relationship to levels of essential minerals in patients with sickle cell anemia. Hepatitis C, and sickle cell anemia with hepatitis C. a total of 130 participants were classified, (40) control groups, (40) patients with sickle cell anemia, (40) patients with hepatitis C, and (10) sickle cell patients with hepatitis C .DNA was isolated and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performed using genotype-specific primers for the three regions of the haptoglobin gene, and genotypes were determined after electrophoresis on agarose gels and determining the amplified fraction of each allele.Iron, copper, zinc, and chromium in blood serum were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry according to the manufacturer's procedures.The study found that the Hp2-2 genotype was more common in patients with sickle cell anemia, hepatitis, and both sickle cell anemia and hepatitis compared to the healthy control group.However, there were no significant differences in this genotype between the three diseases. In all patients, the level of iron and copper in the serum was significantly higher compared to the control group.and In all patients, the study showed a significant depletion of serum zinc compared to the control group,And no significant difference in serum chromium concentration between the patients and the control group.Regarding the polymorphisms of haptoglobin, the study did not find a statistically significant relationship between these genetic variations and the levels of iron, copper, and chromium in any of the participant groups. However, the concentrations of zinc differed between the three types of haptoglobin.
Detection antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm form in clinical isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp
Authors: Mohmed Daham Wafaa , Naeem Abid Intidhaar
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe study aim to detection antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm formation in clinical isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. It was collected 264 different clinical specimens (193 urine,18 stool ,10 wound swabs ,4 vaginal swabs, 8 abscess ,5 bronchial liquid ,5 blood and 21 sputum . The results of study appeared 67 isolates (54 E. coli 54 and Klebsiella spp. 22) were isolated from 264 specimens .The result showed antibiotic susceptibility test a high resistance (100%) of enterobacterial isolates (E. coli and Klebsiella spp) were to ampicillin fo followed by amoxicillin/clavalunic acid ,it registered 29.59% and 90.91% respectively ,while imipenem was most active antibiotic agaist these isolates ,the sensitivity of isolates to this antibiotic was recorded 77.78% and 81.82% respectively. The study showed 57(75%) of both isolates were biofilm formation Klebsiella spp. Registered higher percentage (81.81 %) more than E .coli (72.22%),moderate biofilm was more frequently than other type of biofilm ,it was recorded 36.84% .we concluded the prevalence of biofilm producing multidrug resistant Enterobacterial isolates.
Fire detection by using CNN Alex net Algorithm
Authors: Karim Sadiq , J. Hayawi Dr. Mustafa
Published: June 2024

Abstract:Fire detection using convolutional neural network(CNN) algorithm and surveillance cameras is a field that aims to use technology to detect and intervene in fire incidents quickly and effectively. Fires are considered one of the most dangerous disasters that can occur in buildings and facilities, so developing early fire detection systems is vital to preserve lives and property. Surveillance cameras are used to collect real-time images and videos and send them to a fire analysis and detection system. . In the event of a fire being detected, an immediate alert will be issued to the competent authorities or building owners to take the necessary measures. Develop a fire detection system using by CNN-based algorithm. This system must be accurate and cost-effective. It has many advantages use of visibility infrastructurecompared to other existing systems. There are three types. First: There is no need to update the stove structure, provided that the place is equipped with surveillance cameras that monitor fire situations and cover the entire place. Second: camera-based systems provide the actual location, that is, a complete map of the fire location, which is good , helps in detecting the fire. Third: the methods used can be highly applicable Watching fires in public places.Our system achieved excellent results with average prediction accuracy of 98.14% and 98% on the Forest dataset and the Local dataset, respectively. AlexNet is well known as a transfer learning model, where knowledge is learned by training a large amount of datasets . AlexNet is a deeper and broader CNN model introduced in 2012. AlexNet is primarily design , Alex Net consists of five convolutional layers and three FC layers. The Alex net structure is shown. The first convolutional layer implemented convolution and max pooling using local response normalization (LRN)Finally, two FC layers are used with dropout followed by a SoftMax layer following the first two convolutional layers Overlapping Max Pooling layers The third, fourth and fifth convolutional layers are directly connected. The fifth convolutional layer is followed by the Overlapping Max Pooling layer, whose output is transmitted to a series of two FC layers. The second fully connected layer feeds into a softmax classifie
After all the convolution and FC layers, ReLU nonlinearity is applied. The ReLU nonlinearity of the first and second convolution layers follows a local regularization step before pooling
A Study of Boundedness in rectangular fuzzy n-normed spaces
Authors: Mohayman Ragheb Badr  , Mohammed Jassim Mohammed
Published: June 2024

Various forms of boundedness in rectangular fuzzy n-normed linear spaces of type  are examined in this work, where ∗ represents an arbitrary t-norm. Some of these highly general notions of boundedness have no counterpart in the traditional topological metrizable linear spaces. We list the properties of these bounded sets and conduct a comparative analysis of the various forms of boundedness. Among these are a number of ideas on the symmetrical characteristics of the objects under study that come from the classical context and are relevant to the issues of this magazine. We define their consequences and provide instances to show how different these notions are from one another.
Investigation of Saturable Absorber Length Effect on Characteristics of Passive Q-Switching and Stokes with Anti-Stokes Pulses Generated in Laser System of Nd:YVO4
Authors: Saad Dunya , Abdul-Kareem Mahdi Salih  , Asal Rasool
Published: June 2024

The effect of  the saturable  absorbent material on the characteristics of a single laser pulse results from the passive Q-switching method, or two pulses. The first pulse is resulted from the passive Q-switching method and the other is resulted from Stokes pulse generated by the laser ray reaction with the Raman medium in the optical system. This study simulated this effect on the characteristics of three pulses (passive Q-switching  pulse, Stokes pulse, and anti-Stokes pulse) simultaneously generated from one optical system  . The optical system consists of Nd: YVO4, PbWO4, and Cr + 4: YAG as an effective medium, Raman medium, and saturable absorbent material, respectively. The modeling of the rate equations was used, and the Rung-Kutta-Fehelberg numerical method was used to solve the rate equations. The results show increased power of the pulses generated, requiring an increased length of the saturable absorber material used in the system. The results showed that at the shortest length used for the saturated absorbent material, the pulse duration and energy of the three generated pulses were PQS pulse (16.44ns, 1.39mJ), Stokes pulse  (12.59ns, 1.148mJ) and anti-Stokes pulse (13.53ns, 1.59mJ), while at the longest length of the saturated absorbent material, the pulse duration and energy were PQS pulse (14.68ns, 1.50mJ), the Stokes pulse (11.41ns, 1.36mJ) and the anti-Stokes pulse (12.38ns, 1.86mJ).
Effect of Saturable Absorber Length on Characteristics of Dual Laser Pulses of Passive Q-Switched
Authors: A.Shadood Sara , Abdul-Kareem Mahdi Salih  , Asal Rasool
Published: June 2024

The effect of saturable absorber material length on the characteristics of the dual passive Q-switching pulses generated from two wavelengths (  and ) instead of single wavelength was simulated.  Numerical solution of our previous rate equations model using Rung-Kutta-Fahelberg method has been utilized in simulation. Nd+3 :YAG using as an active medium, and Cr+4:YAG as a saturable absorber material. The results showed that  the Nd+3:YAG dual passive Q-switching generated or released at an advanced(earlier) time and characterized by short duration times, high energy and high power with the increasing in the value of . The passive Q-switching for ,  are released respectively at time 58ns, 60 ns approximately at , while released at time 34 ns, 36 ns respectively approximately at . The duration time of   ,  pulses approximate to 16.8ns, 14.6 ns respectively at , while approximate to 10.8 ns ,9.2 ns respectively  at .
Identification of Genetic Mutations in a Number of Yeasts Candida Tropicalis Isolated from Smoking Patients in Thi-Qar Governorate
Authors: Hadi Iman
Published: June 2024

Patients from the Specialized Heart Center in Thi-Qar Governorate with various diseases. A number of fungal species, including Candida tropicalis, were isolated by two samples from this isolate. Yeasts were purified and their DNA was extracted and then the DNA was transferred for the purpose of sending it to the Korean company in order to identify genetic mutations. For these species, a number of important genetic mutations were identified and recorded in the Gen Bank, as these isolated species contained genetic mutations that were compared with species isolated in other countries of the world that were officially registered in the Gen Bank. These fungi are considered the most important types of yeasts. They belong to the genus Candida and create a range of health problems for most people due to the fungal toxins they carry or the significant lung pathologies they cause. They can also be lethal or cause a number of serious ailments in most individuals.
Susceptibility in a Coupled Double Quantum Dot-Metal Nanoparticle System under Standing Wave Field
Authors: Akram Haneen , Muwaffaq Abdullah  , El Mustapha Feddi  , Amin H. Al-Khursan  , Ali M. Muslim
Published: June 2024

The main purpose of this work is studying the linear Susceptibility in the hybrid nanostructure that composed of a dual quantum dot (DQD) and metal nanoparticle (MNP) hybrid system under a standing-wave field. In our model, we used density matrix equations by taking into our account the interaction between excitons and surface plasmons. The proposed DQD is composed of two QDs. Each QD contains an InAs QD with a disk shape. The interaction between the QD and the wetting layer (WL) is taken into consideration. The application of the standing wave field on DQD-MNP hybrid system was modeled and examined. The susceptibility of thehybridDQD-MNPsystem reduced by the pump field under a standing-wave field. The high susceptibility obtained with a wide MNP radius. An interesting result was shown in the inversion of the grating period with the tunneling component in the conduction band. The smaller size of DQD gave us high susceptibility due to the quantization effect.
The Effect of Input Pulse on the Soliton Generation in Microresonators
Authors: Alhassen Hawraa , H. A. Sultan
Published: June 2024

The effect of the input pulse (chirped pulse) on the generation of soliton wave and optical frequency comb in microresonators was studied. The problem was solved numerically using the Lugiato-Lefever equation and the Fourier method by MATLAB program. The effect of Gaussian and ultra-Gaussian pulses, as well as chirped pulses, on the generation of the soliton wave and the frequency comb was also studied. Our study demonstrated that the generation of the soliton and the frequency comb depends on the shape of the pulse intensity distribution. Moreover, the mobility of the soliton and comb changes depending on the shape of the pulse. In addition, the results showed us that the soliton and frequency comb generated in microresonators are strongly affected by the power of the incoming pulse and the radius of the microresonator.
Estimation of Hepcidin Role and some Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Beta- thalassemia in Thi-Qar Governorate/ Iraq
Authors: Majid Alyaa , Alyar Saliha , Almusawi Mohammed Yasir
Published: June 2024

The β-thalassemias are a group of recessively inherited genetic disorders that cause varying amounts of hemoglobin production. The study's aim was to look at hepcidin, ferretin, iron, PCV, Hb, ALT, AST, and albumin levels. Serum hepcidin, ferretin, iron, PCV, Hb, ALT, AST, and albumin levels were determined in 55 patients with beta-thalassemia and 55 healthy individuals. The results demonstrated a substantial rise in serum concentrations of ferretin, iron, ALT and AST in the beta-thalassemia group as compared to the control group(p<0.001).  There was also a significant decrease in the concentrations in the serum of hepcidin, packed cell volume, hemoglobin and albumin (p<0.001).
Test the effectiveness of some medications and vitamin D3 used against COVID-19 on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria isolated from people infected with the Coronavirus
Authors: Amal F. AL-Gorani  , Saadon Hanan , Ahmed. K. Ajeel  , Noor abd alkhudhur salman  , Aya Talib jawad  , Hussein Adnan Obaid  , Hasan Mohsen Koti
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a search for effective pharmaceuticals and vitamins to combat the virus. These therapies have antiviral capabilities and can affect both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of various medications and nutrients in treating bacterial infections linked to COVID-19. In vitro, tests will be conducted to evaluate these therapies' antibacterial efficacy against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.
In the current study, we test a group of antibiotics commonly used in treating Coronavirus on different types of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. They found that Azithromycin was highly effective against both positive and negative bacteria, but its effectiveness decreased when combined with vitamin D. Levofloxacin was the most effective antibiotic, and its efficacy was not affected by the addition of zinc or vitamin D. Acyclovir had a slight effect on bacteria when used alone, but its efficacy improved with zinc. Zinc and Vitamin D had a high degree of effectiveness, but Vitamin D had relatively low efficacy, except against one type of bacteria.
The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of drugs and vitamins against bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients. The results will provide a better understanding of the potential advantages of these medications in controlling bacterial infections. (The abstract should have one paragraph)
The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of drugs and vitamins against bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients. The results will provide a better understanding of the potential advantages of these medications in controlling bacterial infections.
Sequencing of ribosome-based amplicons in five isolates Dipodascus Capitus from patients with sinusitis
Authors: Hadi Iman , Abdel-Azeem Ahmed
Published: June 2024

Sequencing reactions showed the accurate identity of the investigated samples and revealed that all investigated samples were homologous to Dipodascus capitatus (GenBank acc. no. OW983902.1). The presence of one nucleic acid variant compared with the referring sequences of the D. capitatussequences was demonstrated. The identified variant was represented by a nucleic acid substitution (359A>T) detected in the S5 sample. Meanwhile, the rest of the samples showed a complete homology with the corresponding sequences and did not exhibit any detectable nucleic acid variations in comparison with the D. capitatus reference sequences. It was inferred from the tree that the detected nucleic acid substitutions showed a slight effect of the observed variations on the altering evolutionary positioning of the investigated S5 sample in comparison with the other wild-type sequences. This was due to the positioning of the altered samples in the other positions compared with the wild-type counterparts. It was inferred from the tree that our investigated D. capitatus samples were suited in the immediate vicinity to various strains deposited from various multi-national positions. Furthermore, neighbor phylogenetic distances in this tree indicated a distinct biological diversity of D. capitatus sequences.
Kant en el pensamiento de Bergson
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ezcurdia Corona José
Published: June 2024

El presente texto tiene como objeto dar cuenta de los trazos fundamentales de la crítica que Bergson dirige a Kant, en tanto marco para elucidar y hacer explícitos los planteamientos del propio filósofo francés relativos a los nexos internos entre la duración, la intuición y la libertad. La crítica a la determinación kantiana de la libertad como nóumeno se constituye como fondo a partir del cual Bergson destaca la forma de la intuición tanto como método de la filosofía, como fundamento de una moral abierta en la que la experiencia inmediata de la libertad misma juega un papel capital.
La Teoría Crítica de la sociedad ante los nuevos radicalismos de derecha
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roggerone Santiago Martín
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de este artículo estriba en efectuar un aporte al esclarecimiento del significado que la Teoría Crítica de la sociedad posee ante un presente que se encuentra cada vez mayormente habitado por radicalismos de derecha. Con tal propósito, se atenderá a ciertas contribuciones y debates que han tenido lugar de forma reciente y se adoptará una perspectiva situada o inmanente, para, así, en primer lugar, trazar los contornos generales de la coyuntura configurada a nivel global. En un segundo momento de la exposición, la Teoría Crítica será presentada como una tradición de pensamiento centenaria que, en lo esencial, a lo largo de su derrotero histórico, habría experimentado un profundo proceso de domesticación. Luego de reparar en un conjunto de hipótesis relativas a los futuros posibles de la tradición referida, en un tercer y último paso se relevará parte de la producción contemporánea de la Teoría Crítica que tensiona la domesticación aludida, concediendo mayor atención a aquellos aportes que hacen gala de un cierto carácter exterior.
El proyecto de una ciencia del origen en el joven Benjamin
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Viglione Maria Paula
Published: June 2024

Este trabajo se propone analizar el proyecto de una ciencia del origen, entendido no sólo como la propuesta epistemológica elaborada por el joven Benjamin para estudiar el drama barroco, sino también como clave de lectura de la perspectiva dialéctica y metafísica que articula su pensamiento temprano. La reformulación de conceptos filosóficos fundamentales en el prólogo de El origen del drama barroco alemán, así como los trabajos dedicados a Goethe y el romanticismo, resultan significativos para interpretar la ciencia benjaminiana del origen en términos de una metodología fragmentaria de la obra de arte. A lo largo de este estudio, se intenta mostrar lo siguiente: el trabajo crítico sobre la obra involucra su legibilidad histórica y, simultáneamente, su fragmentación. En este proceso, Benjamin pone en discusión el estatuto ontológico de la obra de arte, la reinterpreta como mónada y establece una relación dialéctica entre la obra y el componente mesiánico que atraviesa su concepción del lenguaje y de la historia. Además de recuperar nociones centrales de su pensamiento —tales como la idea, lo medial, la crítica—, este trabajo reconstruye una polémica con la escuela fenomenológica que permite estudiar, desde otra óptica, el problema de la ciencia del origen.
La crítica a la modernidad capitalista de Bolívar Echeverría. Actualidad de la Teoría crítica
Authors:   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Sánchez Félix Karla
Published: June 2024

En este artículo se expondrá la importancia del pensamiento de Bolívar Echeverría caracterizado por su radicalidad y sentido crítico. Dos elementos heredados de Karl Marx y desarrollados en paralelo con los planteamientos de Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, Herbert Marcuse y Walter Benjamin. Bolívar Echeverría −al igual que los integrantes del Instituto de Investigación Social (IfS)− se interesó en la emancipación humana y en aquellos obstáculos que han impedido su realización. Pero, a diferencia de ellos, al profundizar en el tema de la modernidad, la modernidad capitalista y en sus alternativas, él rebasó el eurocentrismo de los filósofos alemanes y amplió el debate sobre la posibilidad de otras modernidades no capitalistas.
La adquisición bilingüe del sistema verbal del pasado y del futuro del discurso narrativo: El caso de estudiantes mexicanos que aprenden inglés-L2*
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Signoret Dorcasberro Alina María , Rodríguez Lázaro Alma Luz ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Delgadillo Macías Rosa Esther ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es explorar la adquisición bilingüe y el rol del interlenguaje (IL) en estudiantes que adquieren el inglés como lengua extranjera (L2). En este artículo el IL es considerado como independiente de la lengua materna (L1) y de la lengua extranjera (Lightbown y Spada, 2013: 220). El IL es entendido como el desarrollo de L2 con base en el análisis de errores concernientes al discurso narrativo. Se clasificaron posteriormente estos errores con las categorías de bilingüismo subordinado y compuesto, y de bilingüismo coordinado. Los resultados se centran en la adquisición del sistema verbal del pasado y del futuro en el discurso narrativo de L2.
El componente cultural en el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras: la quinta habilidad lingüística
Authors:   Framingham State University, Alvarado Beatriz
Published: June 2024

Descrita en términos generales como características y conocimientos de un grupo social que incluye elementos tales como la lengua, las creencias, las costumbres, las artes y hasta la gastronomía, la cultura ha sido objeto de encuentros y desencuentros cuando se trata de integrarla en la clase de lenguas extranjeras. Se considera que la cultura y la lengua son inherentes; por tanto, los cursos de lengua extranjera deberían incorporar elementos culturales de forma transversal con el fin de lograr la habilidad intercultural. Este artículo analiza diversos estudios empíricos y enfoques en este tema que abarcan la enseñanza de una cultura en acción, desarrollo de la interculturalidad, propuestas para impartir contenidos culturales, así como la integración de herramientas tecnológicas y virtuales en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Se está Secando Todo Porque ya no hay Savi. Memoria del despojo de esculturas en México (Mixteca, s. XX-XXI)
Authors:   Universidad Rennes 2, García Hernández María Angélica , Obregón Iturra Jimena Paz ,   Universidad Rennes 2
Published: June 2024

Debido a un saqueo arqueológico que tuvo lugar durante el siglo XX en el pueblo mixteco de San Juan Mixtepec, Juxtlahuaca, Oaxaca, sus habitantes fueron despojados de la casi totalidad de sus esculturas llamadas Yuu Savi, literalmente “Piedras-Lluvia” en español. El objetivo del presente artículo es comprender las representaciones contemporáneas de estas estatuas ausentes a las que los pobladores rendían culto, principalmente para pedir buenas lluvias. Abordamos en un primer lugar sus orígenes, denominaciones y caracterizaciones, así como los rituales y los santuarios. Nos adentramos después en los efectos del despojo sobre los diferentes elementos simbolizados por las esculturas desaparecidas. El análisis se basa en los discursos en mixteco de ancianos que tuvieron la oportunidad de verlas cuando eran muy jóvenes. Las entrevistas se realizaron entre 2016 y 2018, principalmente con personas monolingües. El trabajo antropológico sobre las relaciones contemporáneas entre mixtecos y la lluvia se ha ido multiplicando en las últimas décadas, como el de la investigadora Esther Katz (2008) sobre la representación de la lluvia y el clima, o las varias publicaciones del antropólogo Samuel L. Villela (1999, 2006, 2008, 2009) sobre la ritualidad en Guerrero. Con este artículo se desea contribuir a esta área de estudio en la cual aún queda mucho por explorar, particularmente en el dominio de la narrativa en lenguas indígenas.
Los bilingües indígenas y los bilingües ELE. Reflexiones sobre un trato desigual en México
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Occidente (ITESO), Cruz Velasco Ilse Xiomara ,   Seminario de Educación y Lingüística (SEMLE-GDL)
Published: June 2024

Este ensayo tiene como objetivo mostrar los pasos que han llevado a formar un trato desigual hacia el bilingüismo lengua indígena-español (LOE) frente al bilingüismo español-lengua extranjera (ELE), desfavoreciendo el primero y respaldando el segundo desde la política lingüística mexicana. En primer lugar, se identifican los dos tipos de bilingüismo a nivel lingüístico, donde se sostiene que ambos son tan válidos y sin motivos intrínsecos que ameriten su desvalorización. Posteriormente, se aborda el conflicto lingüístico entre las lenguas originarias y el español como primer antecedente a la percepción minorizada de las lenguas indígenas y la incidencia del racismo que permea desde la colonia. Un segundo paso es la formación de políticas lingüísticas después de la Independencia de México, donde se impuso el español y el olvido de las lenguas indígenas. El tercero y último corresponde a las políticas lingüísticas educativas formadas en el siglo XX. En estas políticas, mientras que las lenguas extranjeras se insertaban en los planes educativos nacionales, el bilingüismo LOE era un paso al monolingüismo en español. Finalmente se señala que actualmente el bilingüismo LOE indiza significados distintos al bilingüismo ELE en las percepciones de la población y que esto lleva a tratos diferenciados que atentan contra los derechos de quienes hablan una lengua originaria y el español.
Diseño e Implementación de Material Didáctico para la Interculturalidad en el Aula de Lengua Extranjera
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Gómez Martínez Jesús Eduardo , Annick Ferraris Christelle ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Published: June 2024

Esta investigación versa sobre el diseño e implementación de material didáctico para el fomento de la competencia intercultural en el aula de inglés como Lengua Extranjera (LE). Se elige tal temática al reflexionar sobre el fenómeno de globalización y su influencia en los objetivos actuales del estudiantado de LE: ser capaz de comunicarse efectivamente en inglés en escenarios diversos. La investigación tiene lugar durante el contexto del confinamiento COVID en el año 2020, en una escuela privada de Toluca, con alumnos nivel B1+ de inglés como LE. Al considerar el contexto educativo de la intervención, se opta por un enfoque cualitativo y una metodología de investigación-acción. A la larga, los resultados de la aplicación del material didáctico demuestran ser positivos al fomento de la competencia Intercultural, lo que nos provee con la discusión sobre las características del material didáctico que aportaron a tal hecho, y a la conclusión de que el diseño de material didáctico para la interculturalidad es una tarea útil y retribuyente en nuestros días. En este sentido se pretende aportar al vacío práctico que ha surgido sobre la interculturalidad en la enseñanza de LE (Marczak, 2010).
Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: A Rare Entity
Authors: Shailaja Shukla Shailaja , Neha Suman Neha , Srivastav Srijan
Published: June 2024

Primary neuroendocrine carcinomas of the urinary bladder are rare accounting for 0.5 to 1 % of all urinary tumours that lacks definitive predisposing factors. However, associations have been noted with old age, history of smoking, long standing cystitis and bladder calculus. These tumours exhibit an aggressive clinical course, often diagnosed at advanced stages due to their close resemblance to other bladder tumours, leading to frequent misdiagnosis. Accurate diagnosis relies heavily on systematic histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry. Here in we report a rare case of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder in a 67-year-old male who presented with burning micturition and haematuria for the past 6 months. A confirmatory diagnosis was provided on histopathological examination.
Estrés, depresión, experiencias emocionales, confianza familiar y resiliencia en las familias que tienen un hijo/a con discapacidad
Authors: Casado González Felisa , Martínez-Lorca Manuela , Criado-Álvarez Juan José , Aguado Romo Roberto , Martínez-Lorca Alberto
Published: June 2024

El nacimiento de un hijo/a con discapacidad es un acontecimiento que genera estrés, depresión y un fuerte impacto emocional en padres y madres, por ello el objetivo de este trabajo es investigar este aspecto. Método: Han participado 59 familias con hijos/as con diagnóstico discapacidad de la Comunidad de Madrid, siendo el 71.2% mujeres. Se usó un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc, la Escala de Estrés Percibido, el Inventario de Depresión Beck-II, la Escala de Resiliencia de Connor y Davidson (CD-RISC) y la Escala de Confianza Familiar (Con-Fam). Resultados: Las familias han manifestado estrés percibido, así como síntomas de depresión leve, sin embargo, los niveles de resiliencias son altos. En cuanto a la confianza familiar también ha sido adecuada. El análisis de las diferencias estadísticamente significativas muestra como el tipo de discapacidad, el número de hijos, la búsqueda de ayuda, la estructura familiar y las distintas emociones sentidas en distintos momentos temporales mostraron interesantes resultados. Conclusiones: Tener un hijo/a con discapacidad provoca en la familia respuestas de estrés y depresión, sin embargo, a pesar de este impacto las familias sienten capacidad de afrontamiento y confianza ante el cuidado del hijo/a.
Aspectos psicosociales que influyen en las mujeres rurales de Honduras para participar en emprendimientos comunitarios
Authors: Navarro-Roque Emma Sarahi , Suazo Torres Laura Elena , Lamiño Jaramillo Pablo
Published: June 2024

Los aspectos psicosociales son emociones o comportamientos que afectan el bienestar de un individuo y que a la vez influyen en el momento de tomar decisiones o realizar alguna actividad. Para este estudio se tomó en consideración tener como objetivo identificar los aspectos psicosociales en el ámbito personal, social y material que influyen en la participación de mujeres en emprendimientos comunitarios en la Subcuenca del Río Namasigüe, Honduras. Metodología: Las 38 mujeres tenían el interés en común de ser parte del establecimiento de una planta procesadora de frutas. Para este estudio exploratorio, la información se recolectó a través de una encuesta que contenía 11 preguntas demográficas 52 preguntas tipo “Likert” y 33 preguntas relacionadas con violencia doméstica, participación en emprendimientos y migración. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y se identificó que, dentro de la dimensión personal el aspecto psicosocial que influye positivamente es obtención de conocimiento y el negativo auto marginación. Resultados: En la dimensión social el positivo es equidad de género y el negativo subordinación. Finalmente, en el ámbito material el positivo es realización personal y el negativo auto marginación. Discusión: Los aspectos psicosociales pueden generar impactos positivos o negativos en las mujeres rurales que participan en emprendimientos comunitarios. Por lo que juegan un rol fundamental para la adopción de los proyectos comunitarios. Conclusión: Para fortalecer los emprendimientos comunitarios es necesario trabajar bajo un enfoque familiar de esta manera, las mujeres reducen los impactos y aspectos psicosociales negativos; y se mejora su nivel de empoderamiento.
Behavioural Sciences Used by the United Nations to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals: A Roadmap and Some Stop Signs
Authors:   Institute of Law and Economics, Faculty of Law, University of Hamburg, Alsterterrasse 1, 2nd floor, D-20354 Hamburg, Germany. Email: anne.van.aaken@uni-hamburg.de, van Aaken Anne
Published: June 2024

The United Nations (UN) and several UN Agencies have started to use behavioural sciences in order to achieve their policy goals, including for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). While it is appreciated that insights into actual behavior inform the policymaking of international actors, they also raise scientific and normative considerations that warrant caution. First, for those considerations it matters, who the acting and the targeted actors are: behavioural interventions come in many facets and warrant a differentiated view – a finely built roadmap is thus desirable. Second, there are concerns about the internal and external validity of experimental research on which behavioural sciences largely, but not solely, draws. Third, taking a differentiated view on behavioral sciences also allows for a more finely grained view on normative concerns underlying the operations of the United Nations in environmental policy. This contribution spells out those considerations while still advocating for the approach as such.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Divalent Metal Complexes of Schiff Base [(4-Methoxy- Benzylidene)- Amino]- Acetic Acid
Authors: Saulawa Aisha Ibrahim , Dangani Abdullahi Hussaini , Muhammad Saudat
Published: June 2024

A new Schiff base derived from 4-anisaldehyde and glycine in an ethanolic medium and its complexes with Co (II), Ni (II), Mn (II), and Cd (II) have been prepared. The complexes have been characterized by FTIR, solubility, melting/decomposition temperature determination, conductivity test, and Job’s method of continuous variation. The ligand was found to be bidentate as the metals coordinate with the ligand through the carboxylic oxygen and azomethine nitrogen. The in vitro antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus strains was studied. The free ligand was found to have no biological activity against any of the strains.