bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Greater change in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal richness as a response to short-term rainfall exclusion across the North American monsoon season
Authors: Dickey Jonathan R. , Fordyce James A.
Published: February 2024

Arid ecosystems around the world are projected to experience reduced and more infrequent precipitation events. The effects of reduced rainfall are well understood for plants and aboveground interactions; however, the effect of rainfall on belowground microbial interactions remains understudied. Here, we illustrate the strength and direction of change that short-term manipulative rainfall exclusion treatments have on the composition and relative abundance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities throughout the monsoon season in the Sonoran Desert. Additionally, we use these rainfall exclusion treatments to further understand the impact of soil moisture on labile forms of nitrogen and phosphorous in a natural environment. Rainfall exclusion treatments were installed to remove 0% (control), 60% (moderate exclusion), and 80% (high exclusion) of rainfall over a single wet season. AM fungal community composition varied among rainfall treatments and across the monsoon season, where change was dependent on initial conditions within treatments. Phosphorous content was also a strong predictor of AM fungal composition and relative abundance. By the end of the season, the difference in AM fungal richness was influenced by rainfall exclusion, with the greatest positive change in richness in the moderate rainfall exclusion treatments. Lastly, AM fungal community turnover was predicted by rainfall exclusion treatments, where rainfall contributed to greater turnover in the control treatment in comparison to other treatments. This study further illustrates the complex association between soil abiotic factors, how they are influenced by environmental stress, and how in turn cause shifts in AM fungal communities.
Impacts of using larger and heavier vehicles on operations and profitability of timber transportation: The case of Finnish operating environment
Authors: Palander Teijo , Viitamäki Kimmo , Borz Stelian Alexandru
Published: February 2024

This study was set up to find out how Finnish timber transport entrepreneurs perceive their operating environment in terms of using larger and heavier vehicles (LHVs and HCVs), with the main aim of providing guidance for developing sustainable policies that would improve timber transportation. A total of 100 entrepreneurs responded to a questionnaire survey which contained three sections administrated by an online service. Five-point Likert scales were used to collect perceptions and, in addition to statistical descriptors, the Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the responses of entrepreneurs. They felt that the 76 t vehicle combination is best suited for transporting timber when transport starts from the forest. When the analysis considered transport from terminals, 76 t combinations remained the most popular, but the popularity of >76 t combinations increased substantially. The farther the LHVs operate from the highways, the less suitable the road network was perceived for timber transport. The results also show that driving and rest time regulations as parts of the working time legislation were perceived as the most disruptive. Further, the availability, responsiveness of technical support, and long delays in solving the queries of drivers were critical problems for the efficient use of in-vehicle ICTapplications. The profitability over the 2014–2018 period has declined more for entrepreneurs using <76 t vehicle combinations. When looking at the development of profitability over the 2020–2024 period, the responses changed in a more positive direction. However, the current skilled workers are retiring and there are too few educated ones to replace them. This is expected to increase wages, which may be reflected in a decreased profitability in the timber transport sector in the future.
Development of Synthesis as a General Logical Method of Cognition in the Process of Teaching Mathematics of Students and Future Teachers
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Dulatova Zainep Asanalievna , Kovyrshina Anna Ivanovna ,   Irkutsk State University, Lapshina Elena Sergeevna ,   Irkutsk State University, Shtykov Nikolay Nikolaevich ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: February 2024

General logical cognitive actions form the basis of almost all cognitive methods. This determines the necessity of their purposeful formation in the process of subject teaching. A special role in the development of cognitive methods belongs to mathematics, in the process of teaching which these actions manifest themselves in the most explicit form. In the article we consider the formation of synthesis as a basic general logical method. The purpose of our study is to develop approaches to the organization of subject-based teaching aimed at the formation and development of synthetic thinking of school students and teacher education students. The methodology of the research is the theory of funding of logical constructions, developed on the basis of the concept of funding in education (V. D. Shadrikov, E. I. Smirnov). The results of the study. Examples demonstrating the main types of synthesis in mathematics learning are considered. These types include: synthesis as a leading action in the construction a mathematical model and synthesis as a representation of a logically justified solution to a problem. The problems of synthesis implementation by students in the process of solving mathematical problems are analyzed. The specificity of educational tasks that contribute to the formation of synthetic thinking is studied. The role of combinatorial tasks as tasks with prevailing logical component in the formation of synthetic thinking of students is described. In conclusion, on the basis of the theory of funding, the typification of types of synthesis in school mathematical education is proposed.
The Сombination of the “Flipped Classroom” Method with the Name Method in Chinese Lessons
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Suying Liu
Published: February 2024

The “flipped classroom” model is a unique method to realize the potential of modern information technology in the foreign language teaching process. The use of this technic involve both transmission (video broadcasting) and knowledge control (automated control of time and number of views, counting and evaluation of test results). The aim of the study is to theoretically explore issues related to the possibilities of using the “flipped classroom” method and the game method. The methodological basis of the study was the following approaches: cultural, intercultural, personality-oriented, activity-oriented, communicative approaches. The research was carried out from the Department of Foreign Languages and Translation of the Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin. N. Yeltsin. Results and Discussion.This paper discusses how the emergence of the “flipped classroom” has eliminate the division between knowledge transfer and material assimilation in traditional classrooms, the methodology seamlessly integrating both. At the same time, game-based learning is introduced to fully appreciate the meaning of flipped classroom teaching and realize the goal of synchronous work between teachers’ explanation of knowledge and students’ understanding of knowledge in the classroom. Conclusion.The flipped classroom model has been extensively researched and developed in various disciplines, which has stimulated the desire of Chinese as a foreign language teachers to study it in depth.
The Model of the Digital Competence Profile of Pedagogical University Students
Authors:   Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Chudinsky Ruslan M. , Maleva Alla A. ,   Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Malev Vasily V. ,   Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Dubov Vladislav M. ,   Voronezh State Pedagogical University
Published: February 2024

The article actualizes the assessment of the competencies of students of a pedagogical university through the systematic collection and analysis of the level of competence formation in the process of mastering the main professional educational program. The need to monitor and evaluate the development of students’ competencies makes it possible to identify the absence or insufficient level of competence formation among students and make appropriate managerial and pedagogical decisions to improve the quality of the educational process. One of such means is the digital competence profile of a student of a pedagogical university, by which the authors understand the system of collecting, analyzing and visualizing a set of competencies that are formed and developed by students as a result of mastering the basic educational program and extracurricular activities necessary for the implementation of professional pedagogical activity, presented digitally in the information and educational environment of the university. The article presents a model of the digital competence profile of pedagogical university students, identifies structural elements and functional relationships between them. The purpose of the article is to develop a model of the digital competence profile of pedagogical university students, to identify objects and subjects of the digital profile, to determine the structural elements of the digital profile of a pedagogical university student, to identify functional relationships and relationships between the structural elements of the model. Methodology and methods of research. The study was carried out on the basis of the modeling method and the structural and functional method, which provides identification of the structural elements of the digital profile of a student of a pedagogical university, determination of functional relationships and relationships between structural elements and their functions relative to each other. Conclusion. The model proposed by the authors is aimed at tracking the level of formation of the digital profile of competencies during the transition from formal assessment of knowledge to informal assessment of abilities, forming an individual route of formation in the context of a successful individual career trajectory of a student of a pedagogical university. The model is the basis for the development of an information system of a digital tool and can be used to monitor and evaluate the professional competencies of students of a pedagogical university.
Development of Training Programs for Educators in Russian Children’s Recreation and Health Centers (1920s to the Present)
Authors:   ”Blue Bird” Camps Association, Baykalova Anna Y.
Published: February 2024

Development of training programs for educators in Russian children’s recreation and health centers, changing the model of childhood in the context of digital socialization have an impact on the content and forms of teacher training for work in children’s camps. Analysis of national historical experience clarifies theoretical and methodological foundations for training professional educators in children’s health camps, to determine the conditions that influence the content and forms of this process. The purpose of the article: based on the analysis of the formation and development of the activities of children’s recreation centers in Russia, clarifying the core principles and characteristics of staff training for children’s recreation and wellness centers. The methodological basis of the study is a combination of historical-comparative (M. V. Boguslavsky, G. B. Kornetov), socio-cultural (A. G. Asmolov, G. A. Kadochnikova), as well as systemic-activity approaches (A. N. Leontiev, L. I. Novikova, S. N. Rubinstein). The results of the study. Chronological overview of the evolution in educator training for recreation and wellness centers in Russia from the 1920s to the present is proposed. The main components of the training of teaching staff for recreation and wellness centers (social order, qualification requirements, interrelations between all subjects of activity) are defined and analyzed. Conclusion. The prospects that open up to modern children’s camps when using the full potential and variety of forms and methods of pedagogical work used in wellness and recreation centers are presented; the role of the training system in improving these processes is determined.
Teacher’s Agency as an Indicator of Leadership Potential Development
Authors:   Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Neradovskaya Olga R. , Starodubtsev Vyacheslav A. ,   Tomsk State Pedagogical University
Published: February 2024

Nonlinearity, multi-contextuality, new normality, constant variability of the modern world are reflected in politics, economics, education and other spheres of human life. Professional and personal self-determination and orientation of a person is difficult in a situation of diversity of various social environments and spaces, functional and semantic uncertainty of educational contexts. In this regard, the importance in the field of education is acquired by the teacher’s transprofessionalism, his ability to continuously develop, independently build interaction with the multifunctional environment, showing his agency as one of the indicators of leadership potential development. The purpose of the study is to operationalize the content of the concept of the teacher’s agency and its manifestation as an indicator of the development of leadership potential, taking into account the ongoing changes in the modern world. Methodology. The understanding of the essence of the terms “agency” and “leadership potential” of the teacher was carried out using the method of semantic analysis of their interpretations available in domestic and foreign sources. The use of activity-based and acmeological approaches is due to the need to determine the key mechanism for implementing the teacher’s agency in the comparison of significant categories (agency, leadership and management). General scientific research methods were used: theoretical analysis and synthesis, systematization and generalization of scientific literature on the research topic. Results. Connectivism (social polyvalence) is proposed as the main mechanism for the manifestation of the teacher’s agency as a teacher’s ability to find and maintain conditions, forms, ways and means of communication with representatives of different professions, social groups and statuses, beliefs, ages for organizing joint actions, events, productive activities. This made it possible to establish the key role of agency in the development of a teacher’s leadership potential – the creation of an atmosphere of cooperation within and outside the educational organization. Conclusion. The conclusion is made that the teacher, as a carrier and subject of public relations, needs to develop his agency and leadership potential, respectively, for orientation and adaptation in a changing world in the interests of sustainable development of regions and the country as a whole.
СТРУКТУРА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ФАХІВЦЯ ОСВТНЬОЇ ГАЛУЗІ
Authors: КУПІНА ОКСАНА
Published: February 2024

Стаття присвячена важливості інформаційної культури для сучасного педагога та підкреслює роль інформаційних технологій в освітньому процесі. Автор наголошує на необхідності постійного самовдосконалення та розвитку як ключових аспектів успішної педагогічної діяльності; використанні сучасних підходів та інформаційних ресурсів, що є необхідною умовою для відповіді на потреби сучасного інформаційного суспільства. Таким чином, інформаційна культура визнається інструментом для роботи з інформацією і для професійного зростання сучасного вчителя.
Effect of replacing soy bean meal with maggot meal on the production performance and egg quality traits of commercial white leg horn layers
Authors: Shah Zahir
Published: February 2024

Along with energy, quality protein is also essential for the health and production for poultry birds. Total 150 white leghorn layer birds, aged 25 weeks approx weight 1.5±0.5 were used in this study. The formulated ration contain control diet-1 (D-1) having 100% soybean meal and 0% maggot meal, Diet-2 (75% soybean meal and 25% maggot meal), Diet-3 (50% soybean meal and 50% maggot meal), Diet-4 (25% soybean meal and 75% maggot meal) and Diet-5 containing (0% soybean meal and 100% maggot meal). Egg shell thickness was determined after removing the shell membrane. The daily feed intake (g/day/bird), per/day egg production (%), weight (g) and feed conversion ratio (g feed/dozen egg production) did not differ (P<0.05) among the experimental groups (MD-2, MD-3, MD-4, MD-5), and MD-1 group. However MD-3 replacement diet had a better result on performance basis. The blood profile that is red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin (HB), packed cell volume (PCV), albumin and total protein were not affected (P<0.05) by the different diets and no significant differences were found among the different treatment groups. The egg weight, egg shell weight, shell thickness, albumen height, yolk weight, yolk height and haugh unit were not affected (P>0.05) within dietary treatment. Finding of our result indicated cheap protein alternatives sources like maggot meal, help the resource poor farmers not only to cut down their production costs, but also to improve their production efficiency.
Retrospective and current status of reproduction and Health Problems at Algae Dairy Farm, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Mekuria Solomon , Jerjero Tajebe , Acha Abayneh
Published: February 2024

Study was conducted between November 2015 and March 2016 at Alagae dairy farm. The objective of study was to evaluate ten years record and the current status of dairy farm. A total of 370 cow’s record and 105 monitored dairy cows’ were used for the study. The overall mean months of 27.68±6.48 age at first service, 37.8±6.88 age at first calving, 16.36±5.2 calving interval, 6.93±4.79 days open (DO) and 10.32±2.84 lactation length (LL) observed. Increasingly, 1.38±0.54 number of services per conception (NSC) and average daily milk yield of 8.22±2.2 liters/day/cow were observed in the dairy farm. Average daily milk yield had a significant difference (p<0.05) between Holstein and their crosses. Reproductive performance did not show difference between retrospective and longitudinal studies using Mann Whitney U – test. Similar health problems like abortion, dystocia, metritis, repeat breeder, retained fetal membrane, mastitis and pre-weaning calf mortality observed in both retrospective and longitudinal studies cows. Physical damage and infectious diseases were also common in the farm. In conclusion, this study revealed that the reproductive performance of the dairy farm was below the acceptable standard. Therefore, appropriate measures should be implemented at Alagae dairy farm in order to leverage the existing poor reproductive performance of the farm.
The Role of the Pediatrician in the Promotion of Healthy, Active Living
Authors: Muth Natalie D. , Bolling Christopher , Hannon Tamara , Sharifi Mona ,   SECTION ON OBESITY, Armstrong Sarah C. , Barlow Sarah E. , Fox Claudia , Groos Jennifer Ann , Haemer Matthew Allen , Stanford Fatima Cody , Jack Joani Lea , Bremer Andrew Alan , Reichard Kirk , Thapar Mala , Womack Stephanie ,   COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION, Corkins Mark Richard , Blanco Cynthia Liudmilla , Fuchs George Joseph , Rome Ellen S. , Goday Praveen Sundaraj , Hannon Tamara S. , Peterson Amy Lynn , Bremer Andrew Alan , Funanich Cheryl , Lotze Andrea , Hamner Heather , Perrine Cria , Sant’Anna Ana , Burrowes Debra , Daniels Pia , Curtis Madeline , Haro Tamar
Published: February 2024

Few children and adolescents meet federal nutrition or physical activity recommendations, and many experience poor or inadequate sleep and negative health effects from screen use and social media. These lifestyle factors exacerbate physical and mental health risks for children and adolescents. This clinical report provides guidance to help pediatricians address the nutritional, physical activity, sleep, media and screen use, and social-emotional factors that affect child and adolescent health and wellness. The recommendations in this clinical report aim to promote health and wellness practices for infants, children, and adolescents across several domains of influence, including the individual, interpersonal, institutional, community, and public policy levels.
Factors associated with clinical practice competency among nursing and health science students in Ethiopia
Authors: Tegegne Kaleab Tesfaye , Fetene Jemberu Chane , Wudu Tadele Kassahun , Gonete Yosef Aragaw , Tibebu Abebe Tadesse , Abinew Yideg , Abebe Moges Tadesse
Published: February 2024

Background: Clinical practice competence is affected by different factors in a clinical setting like the skill of the educator, staff–student interaction, and a clear assessment guideline. Effective mentoring and constructive feedback will also influence learning. Poor performance is caused by low competence and improving competency should improve performance. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to assess factors affecting the clinical practice competency of medical and health science students in Ethiopia.
Methods: We conducted a related literature search (February up to March 2023) of PubMed and Web of Science databases for studies describing the factors associated with clinical practice competency among medical and health science students in Ethiopia. The quality of studies was independently assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa quality scale (NOS), which was guided by the PRISMA checklist. The Q test and I2 statistics were used to evaluate the heterogeneity among selected studies. If the heterogeneity was obvious (I2>50%), the random effects model (REM) was used. If the heterogeneity was low (I2≤50%), the fixed effects model (FEM) was used.
Results: There were 1613 participants in four (4) investigations. The pooled effect size of clinical practice competency among students in the form of odds ratio (OR) with the presence of a checklist was 3.40 (95% CI 2.50–4.62), p<0.01, I2=0%), with the orientation of objective was 3.84 (95% CI 2.29–6.43), p<0.00001, I2=57%), having confidence during performing the procedure was 2.16 (95% CI 1.17–3.99), p=0.01, I2=53%).
The final pooled effect size after trim and fill analysis in the random effect model was found to be 1.27 (95%CI: -0.19, -2.73) for the association between staff encouragement to do practice and clinical practice competency. This indicated that absence of a significant association between staff encouragement to do practice and clinical practice competency among medical and health science students in Ethiopia.
Conclusions: The presence of a checklist, the orientation of objective, and students having confidence while performing a procedure are factors associated with clinical practice competency among nursing and health science students in Ethiopia.
Effective localization: case study of a faith-based health partnership in Sierra Leone and Zimbabwe
Authors: Cherian Dennis , Manuel Fifi , Waugh Rebecca , Njeru Nkatha , Mukandie Cornelia , Chikari Wedzeai , Hooke Greg , Crookston Benjamin , West Josh , Hall Cougar
Published: February 2024

Faith-based organizations (FBOs) and faith-based service providers play a critical role in public health prevention, promotion, treatment, and community development. Effective capacity strengthening efforts through FBO partnerships can make a vital contribution toward effective localization. This case study details the efforts and results of a writing and publishing workshop provided in partnership with Corus International (IMA World Health) and the Africa Christian Health Associations Platform (ACHAP) in March of 2023. This case study also reports on workshop participantsʼ perceptions of the partnershipʼs approach to capacity strengthening. Three major and related themes emerged from the workshopʼs informal Focus Group Discussion transcription: 1) a safe and nurturing environment, 2) openness and shared decision-making, and 3) organizational humility.
Soil-transmitted helminthiasis among school-aged children in selected primary schools in southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Awotokun Femi , Sowemimo Oluyomi Abayomi , Olawoyin Ruqayah , Adeleke Ashiat Alaba
Published: February 2024

This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and intensity of infection of soil-transmitted helminths among school-aged children in Ife Central and Ife East Local Government Areas, Osun State, Nigeria.
Fresh stool samples were collected from 324 pupils, comprising 162 males and 162 females (aged 5-12 years). The preserved fecal samples were processed using a modified Kato-Katz technique. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Of the 324 fecal samples examined, 79 (24.4%) tested positive for helminth eggs. The eggs were identified as Ascaris lumbricoides, with a prevalence of 22.2%, and hookworm; with a prevalence of 3.7%. Double infections were observed in 5 (1.5%) pupils. Private schools had a slightly higher prevalence (24.7%) than did public schools (24.1%). Sex-related prevalence was higher among males (25.9%) than females (22.8%), and no significant difference existed in the prevalence level between the sexes (p > 0.05).
This study concluded that STH infection remains a public health risk among children in the study area.
The difference in clinical knowledge between staff employed at faith-based and public facilities in Malawi
Authors: Tafesse Wiktoria , Chalkley Martin
Published: February 2024

Empirical evidence concerning differences in the quality of service offered by faith-based and public healthcare facilities in low- and middle-income countries is limited. This study contributes by examining the difference in clinical knowledge of staff based at faith-based and government facilities in Malawi. Using vignette data for individual healthcare workers from the 2018/2019 Malawi Harmonised Health Facility Assessment, we performed regression analysis of the relationship between ownership and the probability of respondents making the correct diagnosis, treatment, and management choices for eight childhood, adult, and pregnancy-related cases accounting for differences across healthcare workers, facilities, and geography. Staff employed at faith-based facilities, compared to staff at public facilities, are found less likely to correctly diagnose and treat children presenting with diarrhoea with severe dehydration but are better at diagnosing and treating adults presenting with diabetes. We do not find any differences in the diagnosis and treatment of the remaining six cases. Hence, we do not find compelling evidence of an overall difference in clinical knowledge across staff at faith-based compared to public facilities in Malawi.
Controlling reaction transfer between Al/Ni reactive multilayer elements on substrates
Authors: Shekhawat Deepshikha , Sulman Muhammad , Breiter Manuela , Pezoldt Jörg
Published: February 2024

Reactive multilayers produce exothermic reaction with definite velocity and maximum temperature after ignition, which are the fundamental properties of the reactive multilayer systems. The generated heat with certain velocity makes it widely used in joining, bonding in the packaging, thermal batteries and many more applications. In this work, a distinct approach for achieving a reaction transfer between the reactive multilayers and different materials is demonstrated which can affect the generated temperature and velocity from the self-propagating properties of the reaction. For these intensions, we fabricated the Al/Ni reactive elements with certain separations between elements which allow to observe the reaction front transfer and emitted temperature in the reaction chain. The created separation between reactive elements are periodical and ordered systems with different thermal conductive properties. The temperature and definite velocity were measured by time-resolved pyrometer and high-speed camera measurements. SEM analysis showed the characteristics of the reaction transfer between reactive multilayer elements. It is predicted that: (I) The reaction front stops at a space with critical length; (II) Reducing heat loss through the substrate supports reaction front propagation through spaces; (III) Thermal property design of the spaces between the reactive elements enables property modification of the self-propagating reaction.

Graphical abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome MIS-C in children after COVID-19 infection
Authors:   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Nykytyuk S.O. , Kuchma P.M. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Kito V.V. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Levenets S.S. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Hariyan T.V. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Yakymchuk Yu.B. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the number of reported cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C - Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children) in children after COVID-19 infection has been increasing. This syndrome usually manifests itself 4-8 weeks after the disease. It is necessary to learn how to diagnose it in time and prevent possible complications from the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular and other systems, and to pay attention to the prevention of children from COVID-19 infection through vaccination. Purpose - to analyze the information from the current professional literature on the peculiarities of diagnosis, course and treatment of MIS-C in children after COVID-19 infection to expand the knowledge of doctors about this pathology by presenting clinical case. We present a clinical case of MIS-C in a child after COVID-19 infection. The literature data from PubMed, Medscape, CDC, Mayo Clinic were analyzed. The peculiarity of the presented case is the long-term damage to the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, skin lesions, and the development of iron deficiency anemia. During her hospital stay, the girl's condition was severe due to asthenic, anemic syndrome, and cardiovascular damage. Conclusions. The presented clinical observation confirms the complexity of the algorithm for diagnosing complications of COVID infection in children, especially in their asymptomatic course. Thus, pediatricians should be alert to the development of multisystem inflammatory syndrome MIS-C in children after COVID-19 infection and increase the level of knowledge about the correct diagnostic algorithm in such cases. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The informed consent of the child’s parents was obtained for the study. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Modern methods of the diagnostic of pathology of pregnancy and the postpartum period
Authors:   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Bulavenko O.V. , Ostapiuk L.R. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Rud V.O. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Voloshinovskii A.S. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Malyi T.S. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

Postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases are currently a serious problem. Purpose - to develop and implement of a new modern method of the diagnosis, monitoring and assessment of health of women during pregnancy, before childbirth and in the postpartum period - the method of fluorescence spectroscopy - to ensure the provision of highly qualified medical care, including the effective treatment. Materials and methods. The research material consisted of blood serum samples of 265 patients. There were 40 pregnant women (the Group 1), 40 women with an uncomplicated postpartum period (the Group 2), 170 - with postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases (the Group 3), 15 patients with sepsis (the Group 4). Diagnostic methods: clinical, laboratory, instrumental, method of fluorescence spectroscopy, statistical (logistic regression and ROC analysis methods). Results. In the Group 1 there is an increase in the intensity of fluorescence to 1.3 r.u. For the Group 2 the intensity of fluorescence was within 0.86-1.0 r.u. For the Group 3, the decrease in fluorescence intensity from 1 to 0.35 r.u. was recorded. For the Group 4 in addition to decreasing the fluorescence intensity, a noticeable shift of the fluorescence spectra of blood serum into the long-wave range was recorded. Conclusions. A reliable prognostic model of the development of postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases was created. The modern approach for the diagnosis and effective control of treatment within the framework of the method of fluorescent spectroscopy and biomarkers using infusions of donor albumin solutions is proposed. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.
Student-centred orientation in the medical educational space of Ukraine on the example of Ivano-Frankivsk national medical university
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Vasylechko M.M. , Lisetska I.S. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Kocherzhat O.I. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

The issues of student-centred learning are fundamental in the organisation of educational activities of higher education institutions in Europe and are covered in many final documents of the Ministerial Conferences of the European Higher Education Area. Student-centredness is the accumulation and concentration of efforts focused more on the needs of the student, based on the consideration of the individual qualities of students, the ability to form individual educational trajectories. The essence of student-centredness is to create a model of education development in which a student turns from an object into a subject of educational activity, i.e. an active participant in the educational process. Purpose - to analyse the peculiarities of student-centredness as a modern direction of organising the educational process in higher education institutions and to determine the peculiarities of implementing a student-centred approach in the training of students at Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University. On the example of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, student-oriented/student-centred learning is one of the most effective pedagogical and methodological approaches. It is implemented by creating an individual educational trajectory in the first place. This is an individual way of realising the personal potential of each faculty applicant in educational activities, which is formed by determining and taking into account his/her personal abilities, own interests, educational and social needs, professional motivation, opportunities, and experience, based on the choice of types and forms of education of participants in the educational process and the proposed educational programmes, selected academic disciplines, their level of complexity, methods and means of teaching. An individual educational trajectory at the university is carried out through an individual curriculum, in particular, through the individual choice of disciplines, courses and educational programmes, the applicant’s research work, the development of spiritual potential and professional training. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
The effect of hydrogel dressing on the process of episiotomy wound healing
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Liashko M.B. , Govsieiev D.O. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

Childbirth is an event that affects the mother both physically and emotionally in the short and long term. About a third of women give birth physiologically, but the rest undergo interventions. One of the most common interventions during birth is the use of an episiotomy, which is the surgical widening of the vaginal opening through an incision in the perineum during the second stage of labor. Accordingly, after the incision, there is a need to create favorable conditions for better healing and restoration of the episiotomy wound. Purpose - to study the effectiveness of hydrogel dressings with lidocaine in the management of episiotomy wounds. Materials and methods. The prospective randomised study analysed clinical, laboratory and anamnestic data of 123 first-time mothers with episiotic wounds (Kyiv City Maternity Hospital No. 5, 2021-2022). Participants were divided into two groups: a comparison group (63 patients), which received standard treatment; a study group (60 patients), which additionally received hydrogel dressings with lidocaine. Wound healing was assessed by the REEDA scale on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 10th day after delivery. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test and the statistical package EZR v. 1.54. Results. The results of the analysis of the total values according to the REEDA scale showed that the process of episiotic wound healing between the two groups of patients proceeded similarly on the 1st day of observation (5 (3.25-6) points - in the comparison group; 4 (3-6) points - in the study group; p=0.589). At the end of the 2nd day of follow-up, the results indicated a statistically significant difference (7 (6-8) points in the comparison group, 6 (4-7.5) points in the study group; p=0.001). The analysis of the sum of points at the end of the 3rd and 10th days of observation showed statistically significant differences (6 (5-7) and 4 (4-5) - in the comparison group (p=0.014); 6 (3-6.5) and 3 (3-4) - in the study group (p<0.001), respectively). Conclusions. The use of hydrogel dressing with lidocaine in the management of the episiotomy wound reduces the scores according to the REEDA scale on the 2nd, 3rd and 10th days after delivery, which indicates a more effective episiotomy healing process compared to patients with a comparison group. Hydrogel dressing with lidocaine contribute to better healing of episiotomy wounds, proving their usefulness in clinical practice. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Prenatal, perinatal and neonatal birth risk factors of children with epileptic encephalopathies
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Miroshnykov O.O.
Published: February 2024

The negative impact of perinatal factors on the brain can play a significant role in the etiopathogenesis of epileptic seizures in young children and the development of epileptic encephalopathies (EE). Purpose - to study the characteristics of the course of the prenatal and neonatal periods in young children with EE for the further formation of risk groups of children who need active monitoring. Materials and methods. An analysis of prenatal and neonatal features of anamnesis of 157 children with EE and their mothers was carried out. The children were divided into 3 groups: the Group I - children with EE who had the debut of epileptic seizures before the age of 1 year (n=75); the Group II - children with EE who had the debut of epileptic seizures after the age of 1 year (n=44); the Group III - children with epileptiform and developmental encephalopathies (EDE) (n=38). Results. The course of pregnancy in mothers of children with EDE is characterized by a high frequency of early gestosis, the threat of abortion in the second half of pregnancy and polyhydramnios (28.9%, 31.6%, 23.7%, respectively). Some (31.6%) of children with EDE were born prematurely, 21.1% by emergency caesarean section. Childbirth in mothers of children with EDE was characterised by a pathological course (44.7%), weakness of labor activity and prolonged dehydration (36.8% and 28.9%, respectively), and the birth of a child with distress (21.1%). The course of the neonatal period in children with EDE was characterized by a higher frequency of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (23.7%) than in children with other forms of EE. In children of the Group I, syndromes of motor disorders (20.0%) and muscle hypotonia (17.3%) were more often observed. Conclusions. Aggravating factors of obstetric-gynecological and somatic anamnesis in women, and the course of prenatal and neonatal periods of life, which can act as a basis for the formation of EE and EDE in children, have been established. Among them are preeclampsia, placental pathology, changes in the amount of amniotic fluid during pregnancy, pathological childbirth, central nervous system depression syndrome and convulsive syndrome in infants. The obtained data will contribute to the formation of high-risk groups of children who need active monitoring. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Influence of smoking on immune response and susceptibility of women to sexually transmitted infections
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Podolskyi Vl.V. , Bugro V.V. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Donskoy B.V. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics of Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.М. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: February 2024

The study highlights the importance of understanding the impact of cigarette smoking on the immune system, especially in women. It sets the context for the study by discussing the increasing concern about how lifestyle factors like smoking can affect susceptibility to infections, particularly STIs. Purpose - to explore how cigarette smoking affects the immune response in women and to investigate whether smoking increases the risk of contracting STIs. It seeks to identify specific immunological changes caused by smoking that could explain increased susceptibility to infections. Materials and methods. The methodology involves a comprehensive analysis of saliva samples from 160 women. This group includes both smokers and non-smokers, with some having chronic inflammatory diseases due to STIs. The study measures levels of immunoglobulins and lysozyme-peptide in the saliva to assess changes in the immune response. The results demonstrate significant alterations in immunoglobulin levels and lysozyme-peptide in the saliva of women who smoke, especially those with chronic inflammatory diseases caused by STIs. These findings indicate that smoking can modify local immunity and exacerbate the immune response to inflammatory processes associated with STIs. Conclusions. The study concludes that cigarette smoking has a critical impact on women's reproductive health by altering their immune response and increasing their susceptibility to STIs. It underscores the need for greater attention to smoking as a major public health issue, emphasizing its role in women's health and the importance of incorporating smoking cessation strategies in disease prevention programs. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committees of the institutions mentioned in the paper. An informed parental consent was obtained for the study in women. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Terrains of Terrines
Authors: Thomson David
Published: February 2024

The author describes a dinner for 30 and a self-imposed restriction to only prepare terrines. Preparations and techniques, menu.
On the Shapes of Tastes and Flavours
Authors: Spence Charles , Deroy Ophelia
Published: February 2024

The article explores menu design based on notions of the correspondence between shapes and flavours and looks at the phenomenon of synesthesia in food and wine writing and at scientific investigations into cross-modal reception. Also investigates applications in the food industry for production and marketing.
Aspectos ergonômicos no ensino profissional tecnológico – EPT
Authors: Vieira Irisneth Duarte Santos , Saraiva Kleiton Rocha , Morais Márcio Aurélio Carvalho de , Silva Marcello de Alencar , De Sena Diego Rubens Alves
Published: February 2024

Objetivou-se realizar o diagnóstico sobre o conhecimento básico referente à ergonomia no IFPI – Campus Campo Maior e investigar junto aos discentes do curso técnico em agricultura e equipe multidisciplinar as condições ergonômicas no âmbito escolar. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa de campo, exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, utilizando-se a técnica de levantamento de dados por meio da aplicação e análise de questionários. Constatou-se que a escola pesquisada apresenta condições ambientais, equipamentos, materiais, e mobiliários ergonomicamente adequados. Entretanto, ficou claro que os discentes não têm o conhecimento básico sobre ergonomia e praticam posturas inadequadas em diversas situações, revelando a necessidade na oferta de ações educativas no contexto escolar.
RESOLUTION ON THE RESULTS OF THE EXPERT COUNCIL
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2024

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Advanced-Therapy Medicinal Products: Challenges for Implementation in Pediatric Clinical Practice
Authors: Gomon Yulia M. , Kolbin Alexey S.
Published: February 2024

The article discusses classifications of medicines for gene and cell therapy. Data on medicinal products registered in Russia, as well as in the European Union countries, Great Britain, USA, and Japan is presented. The limitations on using such medicinal products were considered, including their high utilitarian cost and high risk of adverse events. The potential for increasing clinical efficacy and economic feasibility of advanced therapies (pediatrics included) has been analyzed.