bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRODUCT COMPETITIVENESS ANALYSIS
Authors: Заякина Ирина Александровна , Наурузбекова Алина Серковна
Published: September 2024

В данной статье проводится анализ ключевых факторов оценки конкурентоспособности продукции таких, как качество, инновации и цена, а также выявляются особенности рыночного позиционирования.

This article analyzes the key factors in assessing the competitiveness of products such as quality, innovation and price, as well as identifies the features of market positioning.
THE ROLE OF WORKSHOPS AND PRACTICAL CLASSES IN THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS' PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES
Authors: Аль-Муршеди Ахмед Вахид Хамза
Published: September 2024

В данной статье рассматривается роль мастерских (воркшопов) и практических занятий в формировании профессиональных компетенций студентов в образовательных учреждениях высшего образования, подчеркивается, как эти методы улучшают результаты обучения и прививают обучающимся важнейшие жизненные навыки. В данном исследовании на основе анализа различных образовательных моделей рассматривается динамика активной среды обучения, в которой студенты участвуют в упражнениях и проектах, требующих непосредственного применения теоретических знаний. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что мастерские не только повышают вовлеченность и мотивацию обучающихся, но и способствуют более глубокой связи с предметом, способствуя как академическим успехам, так и личностному росту.

This article examines the role of workshops and practical classes in developing students’ professional competencies in higher education institutions, highlighting how these methods improve learning outcomes and impart essential life skills to students. This study examines the dynamics of active learning environments in which students engage in exercises and projects that require the direct application of theoretical knowledge by analyzing different educational models. The findings suggest that workshops not only increase learners’ engagement and motivation, but also facilitate a deeper connection with the subject, promoting both academic success and personal growth.
Artificial Intelligence-Powered Digital Twins for Sustainable and Resilient Engineering Structures/KI gestützte digitale Zwillinge für nachhaltige und widerstandsfähige technische Bauwerke
Authors: Tang Xiao , Heng Junlin , Kaewunruen Sakdirat , Dai Kaoshan , Baniotopoulos Charalampos
Published: September 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now playing a crucial role not only in everyday life, evidenced by the booming application of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as the Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT), but also in its potential to transform traditional industries like civil engineering. This work examines the application of novel AI tools to enable Digital Twins (DT) for engineering structures, providing a comprehensive solution for the life-cycle management. A comprehensive state-of-the-art review is conducted to explore existing advancements in sensing, inspection, and simulation that are fundamental to the development of digital twins. Building on this knowledge, a framework is proposed to define DT for Engineering (DT4ENG) based on their emphasis and data flow, including forward DT, backward DT, and DT-informed decision making. Following this, a case study on floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) structures demonstrates the application of DT4ENG in a specific domain, with findings that have broader implications for the life-cycle management of engineering structures. The present study reveals that the AI enables digital twins to effectively identify potential structural issues, predict deterioration, and suggest timely maintenance interventions. This approach enhances the accuracy of structural health assessments, optimises resource allocation, and minimises downtime. By translating the capabilities of digital twins into actionable strategies, the research highlights their potential to significantly improve the life-cycle management of engineering infrastructure. In general, these advancements promise a new era of intelligent maintenance strategies, offering increased safety, extended service life, and cost-effectiveness. The proposed DT4ENG is set to become a standard in the traditional industry, driving a shift towards more sustainable, resilient, adaptive, and intelligent structures.
Fassadendämmung aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen/Façade insulation from renewable raw materials
Authors: Wagner Rosemarie , Sander Stefan
Published: September 2024

Plattenartige Dämmstoffe werden an massiven Außenwände konventionell mittels Klebstoffen auf Polymerbasis und Dübel aus Metall beziehungsweise Polymeren befestigt. Im Rahmen eines Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojekts wurden Konzepte entwickelt, wie ein Fassadendämmsystem aufgebaut ist, um die derzeitigen Anforderungen an den Klimaschutz, den Umgang mit Ressourcen und die Energiebilanzen von Wohngebäuden zu erfüllen. Außer einer Reduzierung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit und dem Verwenden von nachwachsenden Rohstoffen für die Dämmung, wurden Aspekte des Rückbaus und der Trennbarkeit mitbetrachtet. Zudem wurde sowohl der winterliche Wärmeschutz als auch der sommerliche Hitzeschutz untersucht. Die Dämmung besteht aus Cellulose Acetat, ein seit langem hergestelltes Polymer aus der Cellulose von Pflanzenfasern. Die Verarbeitung der Fasern zu Dämmelementen erfolgt im Einblasverfahren. Damit lassen sich unterschiedliche Steifigkeiten und Oberflächenausbildung in einem Arbeitsschritt umsetzen. Zusatzstoffe als Pulver, Granulat und Fasern werden während des Einblasvorgang beigemengt. Die Dämmelemente sind ausschließlich mechanisch über ein Regalsystem an der massiven Wand befestigt.
METHODS OF CORRECTION - PEDAGOGICAL REHABILITATION OF STUDENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Oligophrenic Pedagogy Department of Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizomi, Ph.D. (PhD), Uzbekistan, Kutbiddinovna Abidova Nazokat
Published: September 2024

This article describes the features of mental development of children with autism spectrum. This article analyzes the methods of correctional-pedagogical rehabilitation of students with autism.
INSECTICIDE MEDOUZ, MD IN THE FIGHT AGAINST APPLE CODLING MOTH AND APHIDS ON APPLE TREES
Authors:   Research Institute of Plant Quarantine and Protection, Uzbekistan, Obidjanov D.A. , Matniyozov B.U. ,   Research Institute of Plant Quarantine and Protection, Uzbekistan
Published: September 2024

The insecticide Medouz, MD, SC demonstrated high effectiveness against aphids and apple codling moth on apple trees when applied at a rate of 0.3 L/ha. We recommend the use of the insecticide Medouz, MD, SC against aphids and apple codling moth on apple trees, applied at a rate of 0.3 L/ha during the plant's vegetative period.
Mit LEGO-Robotern durch die Schulzeit – Ein Einblick in die Verbindung von Mathematik und Informatik, mit möglichen Beispielen für den Alltagsunterricht
Authors: Hörnberger Kevin , Plack Julian
Published: September 2024

Lehrer:innen sind immer auf der Suche nach alltagsrelevanten Beispielen für den Mathematikunterricht. Dieser Beitrag soll einen Einblick in die Möglichkeiten geben, die man durch den Einsatz von LEGO-Robotern für einen empirisch-orientierten Mathematikunterricht (Pielsticker, 2020) erhält. Die Einsatzmöglichkeiten erstrecken sich von der Grundschule bis zum Abitur und zeigen fächerübergreifende Elemente hinsichtlich Mathematik und Informatik auf.
Enaktive Materialhandlungen digital verarbeiten – ein innovativer Ansatz zur Entwicklung des Stellenwertverständnisses
Authors: Lenz Katja , Lutz Tim
Published: September 2024

Zur Entwicklung eines tragfähigen Stellenwertverständnisses ist es grundlegend Bündelungs- und Entbündelungsprozesse zu verstehen sowie unterschiedliche mathematische Darstellungen zu vernetzen. Für ersteres scheinen enaktive Materialhandlungen unabdingbar, während digitale Anwendungen für letzteres besondere Potenziale bieten. Im vorgestellten Projekt wird eine App entwickelt und evaluiert, die enaktive Materialhandlungen digital verarbeitet und anreichert, um die Potenziale physischer und digitaler Arbeitsmittel zu vereinen.
Novedades en el Abordaje de Fractura de Cadera: Articulo de Revisión
Authors: Bula Cardona William Esteban , Sotomayor Cruz Sheyla Hazel , Ramírez Yepes Néstor Fabián , Benavides Hurtado Hector Henry , Andrade Guerrero Edwin Esteban , Buitrago Orrego Juan Jose , Campo Rocha Juan David
Published: September 2024

Antecedentes: las novedades en el manejo de las fracturas de cadera están enfocadas en la incorporación de tecnología avanzada, estrategias de recuperación acelerada, y un enfoque multidisciplinario, lo que promete mejoras sustanciales en los resultados clínicos y en la capacidad de los pacientes para regresar a su vida cotidiana con mayor rapidez y menor riesgo de complicaciones. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica a través de diversas bases de datos desde el año 2018 al año 2024; la búsqueda y selección de artículos fue llevada a cabo en revistas indexadas en idioma inglés y español. Se utilizaron como palabras clave: osteoporosis, novedades, factura de cadera, adulto mayor Resultados: Las fracturas de cadera en ancianos son eventos críticos que requieren un enfoque integral. Nuevas técnicas como la osteosíntesis percutánea asistida por imagen mejoran la recuperación al reducir el riesgo de infecciones permitiendo movilización temprana. Programas como la Recuperación Mejorada (ERP) y enfoques ortogeriátricos multidisciplinarios optimizan el manejo pre y postoperatorio, reduciendo complicaciones y mejorando la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Conclusión: las fracturas de cadera en adultos mayores requieren un enfoque multidisciplinario para mejorar el bienestar de esta población vulnerable. Desde la optimización preoperatoria y el manejo quirúrgico hasta la rehabilitación personalizada, cada etapa del tratamiento es crucial para reducir la tasa de mortalidad y complicaciones
Edukasi dan Literasi Perpajakan
Authors: Sibarani Bintang , Intan Permatasari Rita , Sylvia Saragi Sitio Vera , Costanius Simamora Saur , Nalurita Sari , Juhaeti Juhaeti
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the community service program activities held at SMK Widya Patria 2, Jakarta on April 29, 2024, aims to provide education and literacy of tax awareness from an early age, provide insight and tax literacy as a basis for follow-up for students, and provide a mindset and positive influence related to taxes slowly formed in students who will become prospective taxpayers. This activity is carried out face-to-face directly with participants, and the methods used are; Education and practical training, in the form of material presentation, and questions and answers. While the results of this activity are ensuring participants understand the material and are able to make online SPT reports.
Exploring the Potential of Solar Energy for Electricity and Heat Production in Azerbaijan
Authors: Najafzade Nurlan
Published: September 2024

Taking use of Azerbaijan's advantageous geographic and climatic characteristics, this thesis investigates the potential of solar energy for the generation of heat and electricity in the nation. In order to assess the viability of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems for electricity production and solar thermal technologies for heating, it evaluates important places with significant sun insolation. The report points up difficulties including geographical variations in solar radiation and infrastructural constraints, but it also implies that these obstacles may be addressed by technical innovation and strategic planning. Azerbaijan's energy security and sustainability may be enhanced by implementing hybrid systems, supporting policies, and infrastructural enhancements that optimize the use of solar energy.
Minimally Invasive Surgery: A Paradigm Shift in Surgical Procedures
Authors: A Suchetha , Gupta Aditi , BM Darshan , N Sapna , SM Apoorva , Parag Dhrittisha
Published: September 2024

Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) and microsurgery have significantly transformed periodontal treatment by reducing tissue trauma and improving patient outcomes. MIS focuses on minimizing flap reflection and tissue manipulation, preserving blood supply, and ensuring the stability of blood clots at the wound site, which collectively reduce postoperative complications such as shrinkage and discomfort. Microsurgery, enabled by advancements in surgical microscopes, enhances visual acuity and allows for precise surgical interventions. In periodontology, the integration of MIS and microsurgery has led to refined surgical techniques that prioritize minimal tissue disruption, passive wound closure, and the use of specialized microsurgical instruments. These approaches offer significant advantages over conventional flap surgeries, which were often associated with extensive tissue damage, prolonged healing times, and aesthetic compromises. The evolution of MIS in periodontology represents a shift from resection-based procedures to those focused on regeneration, emphasizing the importance of skill enhancement and the adoption of advanced technologies. As MIS techniques continue to develop, they hold the potential to become the standard of care, providing patients with effective, less invasive treatment options that result in better clinical and aesthetic outcomes. The current article's goal was to gather and record different minimally invasive periodontology techniques. Peer-reviewed materials from journals, Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, and other reviews served as the foundation for the research.
Intestinal Parasites Prevalence on Patients Visiting Afgoi General Hospital, in Afgoi District, Somalia
Authors: Sidow Zubair Omar , Abubakar Mohamud Bashir , Omar Osman Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Purpose Intestinal parasitic infection stands as a significant public health concern in developing nations. This study aims to determine the intestinal parasites prevalence on patients visiting Afgoi General Hospital, in Afgoi District, Somalia.  Methods A cross-sectional study design was implemented involving 195 patients at Afgoi General Hospital. Stool samples were obtained to assess intestinal parasite prevalence, while questionnaires were administered to gather and analyze the demographic profiles of the patients.  Results The intestinal parasite prevalence was determined to be 61%. Among the identified species, Giardia lamblia exhibited the highest prevalence at 33.3%, followed by Trichuris trichura at 12.3%, Ascaris lumbricoides at 10.8%, Entamoeba histolytica at 9.2%, Hymenolepis nana at 3.6%, Strongyloides stercoralis at 1.5%, Hookworm at 1%, and both Hymenolepis diminuta and Entamoeba coli at 0.5%.  Conclusion The study revealed a notable prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among Afgoi General Hospital patients. Thus, enhancing sanitation practices, improving access to clean water, and initiating routine deworming programs are imperative measures.
Application of Rhizobium inoculants and Phosphorus fertilizer for effective nodulation of Chickpea at T/koraro Tigray Ethiopia
Authors: Gebrehiwet Weldegebrel , Kahsu Geberesemaeti , Berhe Tewolde , Tekulu Kinfe , Mebrahtu Samrawit , Mebrahtom Solomon , Tadele Tsadik , Aregawi Goitom , Gebremedhin Aklil
Published: September 2024

This study was conducted over the 2015 and 2016 main cropping seasons under rain-fed conditions at T/koraro in the North Western Zone of Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. The objective was to evaluate the impact of different fertilizer treatments on chickpea agronomic performance and soil properties. The experiment employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four treatments: T1 (control without inoculant), T2 (50 kg DAP), T3 (50 kg DAP + CP inoculant), and T4 (CP inoculant + compost), each replicated three times. Composite soil samples were collected and analyzed for texture, pH, EC, organic carbon, available phosphorus, and CEC before planting. Agronomic data collected included biomass yield, grain yield, days to 50% emergency and flowering, plant height, number of nodules, and harvest index. Results showed that treatments significantly affected soil properties and chickpea growth parameters. T4 (CP inoculant + compost) produced the highest biomass (4412.3 kg/ha) and grain yield (2015.0 kg/ha), indicating a 40.03% increase over the control. The number of nodules per plant was highest in T4, emphasizing the role of phosphorus and inoculants in enhancing nitrogen fixation and plant growth. Days to 50% emergency and flowering were reduced in treated plots, suggesting an accelerated growth rate due to nutrient availability. Plant height and the number of pods per plant were positively influenced by the application of compost and DAP fertilizer. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and LSD tests confirmed significant differences between treatments at a 5% significance level. The study concludes that the combined application of compost and CP inoculant significantly improves chickpea yield and soil health, offering a sustainable approach to crop production in the region.
Multidimensional Nonhomogeneous Quasi-Linear Systems and Their Hamiltonian Structure
Authors:   Ningbo University, P.R. China, Hu Xin , Casati Matteo ,   Ningbo University, P.R. China
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we investigate multidimensional first-order quasi-linear systems and find necessary conditions for them to admit Hamiltonian formulation. The insufficiency of the conditions is related to the Poisson cohomology of the admissible Hamiltonian operators. We present in detail the examples of two-dimensional, two-components systems of hydrodynamic type and of a real reduction of the 3-waves system.
GRB 190114C: Fireball Energy Budget and Radiative Efficiency Revisited
Authors: Li Liang , Wang Yu
Published: September 2024

The jet composition of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), as well as how efficiently the jet converts its energy to radiation, are long-standing problems in GRB physics. Here, we reported a comprehensive temporal and spectral analysis of the TeV-emitting bright GRB 190114C. Its high fluence (∼4.4 × 10−4 erg cm−2) allows us to conduct the time-resolved spectral analysis in great detail and study their variations down to a very short timescale (∼0.1 s) while preserving a high significance. Its prompt emission consists of three well-separated pulses. The first two main pulses (P
1 and P
2) exhibit independently strong thermal components, starting from the third pulse (P
3) and extending to the entire afterglow, the spectra are all nonthermal, and the synchrotron plus Compton upscattering model well interprets the observation. By combining the thermal (P
1 and P
2) and the nonthermal (P
3) observations based on two different scenarios (global and pulse properties) and following the method described in Zhang et al., we measure the fireball parameters and GRB radiative efficiency with little uncertainties for this GRB. A relevantly high GRB radiative efficiency is obtained based on both the global and pulse properties, suggesting that if GRBs are powered by fireballs, the efficiency can sometimes be high. More interestingly, though the observed parameters are individually different (e.g., the amount of mass loading M), the radiative efficiency obtained from P
1 (η

γ
= 36.0% ± 6.5%) and P
2 (η

γ
= 41.1% ± 1.9%) is roughly the same, which implies that the central engine of the same GRB has some common properties.
Taxonomic reintroduction of Taphrina viridis (Taphrinales, Ascomycota) associated with Alnus alnobetula as one of five well defined European species colonizing alders
Authors: Caboňová Michaela , Vadkertiová Renáta , Adamčík Slavomír , Bacigálová Kamila , Slovák Marek , Zaib Shanza , Caboň Miroslav
Published: September 2024

Phylogenetic analysis of four DNA regions (ITS, LSU, mtSSU and tef1α) supported the existence of five European Taphrina species which colonise Alnus in Europe. In addition to previously well-defined species, T. viridis is, for the first time recognised, by molecular study as a species related to T. sadebeckii. Analysis of publicly available sequences of barcoding regions suggested that T. viridis is only associated with A. alnobetula and no other Taphrina species colonize this host tree. Symptomatic, morphological, and physiological characterisation of T. viridis are provided together with the key for identification of Alnus associated Taphrina species in Europe and North America.
Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment on the Arteriole-to-Venule Ratio in Patients With Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Villalaín-Rodes Isabel , García-Sánchez Aldara , Durán Mónica Asencio , García-Río Francisco , Martínez Jesús García , Montejano-Milner Rafael
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective

This study aimed to assess the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on the arteriolar-to-venular ratio (AVR) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Patients and Methods

A prospective, randomized, unblinded, and controlled clinical trial with parallel groups was performed. From a base of 138 patients, 83 were randomized to either CPAP or control. Nonstereoscopic 35º photographs were processed with Sirius software.

Results

The intention-to-treat analysis showed no differences in AVR, although the arteriolar diameter increased from baseline in the CPAP group. Per-protocol analysis showed a 12-month increase in AVR (
P
= 0.035) and arteriolar diameter (
P
= 0.033) in CPAP versus control group. The venular diameter showed a nonstatistically significant reduction.

Conclusions

CPAP is a potentially novel treatment for individuals with DR and concomitant OSA, improving the retinopathy status, reversing the arteriolar narrowing, and therefore increasing the AVR, tending to reduce the venular diameter.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2025;56:7–14]
Contraction of a Giant Epiretinal Human Amniotic Membrane Patch Used to Manage a Highly Myopic Retinal Detachment Associated With Multiple Breaks
Authors: Carlà Matteo Mario , Mateo Carlos
Published: September 2024

A 64-year-old highly myopic woman with macular hole retinal detachment (MHRD) in her left eye underwent vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, and epiretinal implantation of a 4-mm diameter human amniotic membrane (hAM) patch. One month later, she developed a bullous superior RD in her right eye, associated with a huge MH and multiple posterior breaks. Vitrectomy and ILM peeling were combined with a 15-mm epiretinal hAM patch implantation. One year later, both eyes showed successful MH closure, but the right eye developed an eccentric hAM patch contraction starting 6 months postoperatively, causing a localized stable superonasal RD.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2025;56:50–53.]
Evaluation of economic feasibility of rooftop solar energy systems under multiple variables
Authors: Mofolasayo Adekunle Olubowale
Published: September 2024

Rooftop harvesting of solar energy is a promising method to provide a great portion of household energy requirements in many parts of the world. However, the cost of solar energy systems sometimes makes the exploration of rooftop solar energy systems not attractive to property owners. This study evaluates the economic factors that could affect the decision on whether to consider the installation of solar energy systems using the estimated time that the cumulative solar savings would become positive. The economic implication of increasing the micro-generation capacity of individual households, and the impact of varied interest rates, and subsidies were also evaluated. Among the three factors that were presented, the result showed that increasing the amount of electricity that is allowed to be generated from individual rooftops will result in the highest economic attractiveness for end-users. This is also expected to move the world closer to the goal of sustainable management of non-renewable resources for present and future generations. Increasing the micro-generation capacity of electricity from photovoltaic (PV) rooftops by individual households without increasing the electricity distribution fees results in a reduction of the time to reach positive solar savings. In addition, increasing the micro-generation capacity of electricity from PV rooftops is expected to contribute to a reduction in the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the electricity grid for the entire community. This study recommends the encouragement of policies that allow for the maximization of electricity generation potential from rooftops of residential and industrial buildings.
Bayesian quantile regression for streaming data
Authors: Tian Zixuan , Xie Xiaoyue , Shi Jian
Published: September 2024

Quantile regression has been widely used in many fields because of its robustness and comprehensiveness. However, it remains challenging to perform the quantile regression (QR) of streaming data by a conventional methods, as they are all based on the assumption that the memory can fit all the data. To address this issue, this paper proposes a Bayesian QR approach for streaming data, in which the posterior distribution was updated by utilizing the aggregated statistics of current and historical data. In addition, theoretical results are presented to confirm that the streaming posterior distribution is theoretically equivalent to the orcale posterior distribution calculated using the entire dataset together. Moreover, we provide an algorithmic procedure for the proposed method. The algorithm shows that our proposed method only needs to store the parameters of historical posterior distribution of streaming data. Thus, it is computationally simple and not storage-intensive. Both simulations and real data analysis are conducted to illustrate the good performance of the proposed method.
New soliton wave structure and modulation instability analysis for nonlinear Schrödinger equation with cubic, quintic, septic, and nonic nonlinearities
Authors: Khalifa Abeer S. , Ahmed Hamdy M. , Badra Niveen M. , Rabie Wafaa B. , Al-Askar Farah M. , Mohammed Wael W.
Published: September 2024

We have introduced various novel soliton waves and other analytic wave solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger equation with cubic, quintic, septic, and nonic nonlinearities. The modified extended direct algebraic method governs the transmission of various solitons with different effects. The combination of this system enables the obtaining of analytical soliton solutions with some unique behaviors, including bright, dark, and mixed dark-bright soliton solutions; singular soliton solutions; singular periodic, exponential, rational wave solutions; and Jacobi elliptic function solutions. These results realize the stability of the nonlinear waves' propagation in a high-nonlinear-dispersion medium that is illustrated using 2D and 3D visuals and contour graphical diagrams of the output solutions. This research focused on determining exact soliton solutions under certain parameter conditions and evaluating the stability and reliability of the soliton solutions based on the used modified extended direct algebraic method. This will be useful for many various domains in technology and physics, such as biology, optics, and plasma physical science. At the end, we use modulation instability analysis to assess the stability of the wave solutions obtained.
Numerical investigation for a boundary optimal control of reaction-advection-diffusion equation using penalization technique
Authors: Alshammari Bader Saad , Mashat Daoud Suleiman , Mallawi Fouad Othman
Published: September 2024

The objective of this paper is to describe the problem of boundary optimal control of the reaction-advection-diffusion equation for not very regular Dirichlet data and enumerate its qualitative properties. We check that the state equation is well-posed and we introduce the penalization technique to take into account the boundary condition of the Dirichlet type. Then, we consider the corresponding optimal boundary control problem and give the optimality conditions. Finally, we conducted a numerical investigation of the convergence of the solution of the penalized problem to the solution of the non-penalized one when the penalty parameter tends to zero in regular and non-regular domains.
Sperm cryopreservation protocol for micro-TESE-retrieved sperm
Authors: Mangoli Vijay , Evgeni Evangelini , Wyns Christine
Published: September 2024

Azoospermia is characterized by the absence of sperm in the ejaculate and is categorized into obstructive azoospermia (OA) and nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). For men with NOA, testicular sperm extraction (TESE) is the only method to obtain sperm for assisted reproductive technology (ART). Given the rarity of these sperm and the unpredictable success of subsequent retrieval attempts, cryopreservation of microdissection-TESE-obtained sperm is essential. Effective cryopreservation prevents the need for repeated surgical procedures and supports future ART attempts. After first delving into the physiological and molecular aspects of sperm cryopreservation, this review aims to examine the current methods and devices for preserving small numbers of sperm. It presents conventional freezing and vitrification techniques, evaluating their respective strengths and limitations in effectively preserving rare sperm, and compares the efficacy of using fresh versus cryopreserved testicular sperm.
A novel homozygous mutation of CFAP300 identified in a Chinese patient with primary ciliary dyskinesia and infertility
Authors: Zhou Zheng , Qi Qi , Wang Wen-Hua , Dong Jie , Xu Juan-Juan , Feng Yu-Ming , Zou Zhi-Chuan , Chen Li , Ma Jin-Zhao , Yao Bing
Published: September 2024

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a clinically rare, genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous condition characterized by chronic respiratory tract infections, male infertility, tympanitis, and laterality abnormalities. PCD is typically resulted from variants in genes encoding assembly or structural proteins that are indispensable for the movement of motile cilia. Here, we identified a novel nonsense mutation, c.466G>T, in cilia- and flagella-associated protein 300 (CFAP300) resulting in a stop codon (p.Glu156*) through whole-exome sequencing (WES). The proband had a PCD phenotype with laterality defects and immotile sperm flagella displaying a combined loss of the inner dynein arm (IDA) and outer dynein arm (ODA). Bioinformatic programs predicted that the mutation is deleterious. Successful pregnancy was achieved through intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Our results expand the spectrum of CFAP300 variants in PCD and provide reproductive guidance for infertile couples suffering from PCD caused by them.
A Retrospective Review of the Management of Impacted Coin Ingested in Children
Authors: Kasakanga KMJ , Groenewald A , Mabitsela ME , Tshifularo N
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Accidental coin ingestion is a common presentation amongst paediatric patients in emergency departments (ED) worldwide, necessitating prompt management to prevent complications.

Objectives:

This study aimed to describe the clinical features of paediatric patients with impacted oesophageal coins at Dr. George Mukhari Academic Hospital ED and compare outcomes between the balloon catheter and oesophagoscopic techniques for coin extraction.

Methods:

This was a retrospective review of the medical records of patients aged ≤12 years over 5 years. Data were collected from the hospital records and analysed using SAS® (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC), Release 9.3, running under Microsoft Windows.

Results:

The analysis included 95 patients (51 females, 44 males) with a median age of 3 years, ranging from 0.70 to 10 years. Coins were predominantly located in the upper oesophagus (71.6%). Thirty-five (36%) children presented 8 h after the ingestion of the coin. At presentation, 82 (86.3%) patients were asymptomatic. The most observed symptoms were hypersalivation in 17 (17.9%) patients and vomiting in eight (8.4%) patients. Of the 62 patients for whom the balloon catheter was solely used, it was successful in 77.4% of the cases. Rigid oesophagoscopy was used in 33 patients as the first procedure (34.7%), and its overall success rate was 100% (44 patients).

Conclusions:

This study contributes valuable insights into the management of oesophageal coin ingestion in a resource-constrained setting, emphasising the safety and efficacy of the balloon catheter and the role of rigid oesophagoscopy in cases of failure or delayed presentation.
Efficacy of Intra-articular Platelet-rich Plasma versus Hydrocortisone with Local Anaesthetic Injection in Temporomandibular Joint Disorders - A Prospective Study
Authors: Mittal Ankur , Klarie Smiti Jassar , Sharma Siddharth , Roy Birsubhra , Paul Javaid Iqbal , Sharma Shrikant
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is subjected to many disorders commonly termed temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) which include TMJ hypermobility, ankylosis and internal derangement. In the past, many non-invasive conservative treatment modalities were tried out for their treatment which include joint unloading, the use of anti-inflammatory agents and physiotherapy. In recent times, injections of corticosteroids and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) into the TMJ have been proposed as alternative therapeutic methods. The main objective of the prospective study was to compare the efficacy of intra-articular injection of PRP and hydrocortisone with local anaesthetic agents in reducing the symptoms in patients with TMDs.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective study included 30 patients with TMDs, out of which 15 patients (Group I) received PRP injections and 15 patients (Group II) received hydrocortisone with local anaesthetics for arthrocentesis in their affected joints. The patients were assessed for pain, maximum interincisal mouth opening, TMJ sound and disc displacement.

Results:

The pain was markedly reduced in patients who received PRP injections (Group I) as compared to those who received hydrocortisone injection (Group II). An increase in mouth opening was similar in both the groups, and TMJ sounds were reduced in patients who received PRP. Magnetic resonance imaging also showed that PRP-treated patients showed better articular disc repair than patients treated with hydrocortisone.

Discussion:

PRP increases chondrocyte proliferation and production of matrix molecules and helps maintain the integrity of the chondral surface, thereby facilitating joint movement, whereas corticosteroids are more potent anti-inflammatory agents and they act by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis which is the mediator of inflammation. Thus, the use of PRP has been proven to show better results in reducing the symptoms of TMDs and also helped in articular disc repair.
Ewing’s Sarcoma Presenting in the Paranasal Sinus – A Case Report
Authors: Kewalramani Yashika , Parihar Ajay , Reddy Prashanthi , Mandlik Rashi
Published: September 2024

Rationale:

The aim of this study is to raise awareness among dentists regarding a potential outcome associated with the rapid growth of facial swellings.

Patient Concerns:

We present a case of Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) in a 23-year-old male who presented with a rapidly progressive swelling in the left maxillary region over six weeks.

Diagnosis:

There was no significant intraoral dental finding other than a missing left upper first molar. Panoramic imaging initially suggested chronic sinusitis, but the swelling persisted despite treatment. A subsequent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan revealed a soft-tissue tumour affecting multiple sinuses, confirmed by an open biopsy as a small round cell tumour. Immunohistochemistry was used for precise diagnosis due to biopsy sample limitations and tumour variability.

Treatment:

The patient’s case was reviewed by our institution’s tumour board. One month after diagnosis, chemotherapy began with alternating drugs for a total of 6 cycles.

Outcomes:

A follow-up Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT) scan after two months of chemotherapy showed resolution of the hypermetabolic mass on the left side without evidence of metastatic disease. The patient is currently under regular follow-up.

Take-Away Lessons:

Dentists should be vigilant for rapidly expanding oral or facial swellings. Early and accurate diagnosis can improve clinical management and survival rates for ES patients.
Immunohistochemical Expression of Bcl-2, E-cadherin, CD34 and CD105 in Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma - An In Vitro Study
Authors: Krishnan Reshma Poothakulath , Pandiar Deepak , Ramani Pratibha , Dharmaraj Kavya , Jayaraman Selvaraj
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare aggressive variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with a high propensity for distant metastasis. In this article, we present clinicopathological and survival data of eight cases of BSCC and further analyse the behaviour of these tumours with the help of E-cadherin, CD34, CD105 and B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) immunoexpression.

Materials and Methods:

Histopathologically confirmed cases of BSCC were retrieved from the department archives. Clinicopathological details and survival data of these patients were collected. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed with Bcl-2, E-cadherin, CD34 and CD105 on these cases and compared with different grades of OSCC (well differentiated, moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated). The statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS software version 23.

Results:

BSCC was seen commonly in males of age group 49–71 years and predominantly reported in the retromolar trigone. Bcl-2 expression was significantly lower in BSCCs when compared to the conventional OSCC groups (P < 0.05). E-cadherin expression showed no significant difference between BSCC and well-differentiated OSCC group (P = 0.487). The overall mean survival for patients with BSCC was 6.37 months.

Discussion:

BSCCs of the oral cavity show increased CD105, CD34, E-cadherin and low Bcl-2 labelling. A substantial relationship between the tumour neo-angiogenesis, collective cell migration and apoptotic property could be related to the aggressive nature of this tumour and its poor overall survival rate. BSCCs are common in middle to older aged male and show increased expression of CD105, CD34 and E-cadherin.
Changing the nomenclature of ‘Primary Health Center (PHC)’ to ‘Family Health Center (FHC)’: A strategic vision for strengthening public health services in India by 2047
Authors: Kumar Raman
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Primary Health Centers have been a critical component of India’s healthcare landscape, designed to provide accessible and affordable medical services. However, the term “Primary Health Center” may not adequately convey the comprehensive and family-centered approach that modern healthcare necessitates. Changing the terminology of “Primary Health Center” to “Family Health Center” represents a strategic move toward strengthening public health services in India. This change embodies a commitment to holistic family-centered care, integrated health services, and community engagement. By emphasizing the importance of families in health care, this initiative can help address the diverse health needs of the population and improve health outcomes across communities.
Research output from India’s Siddha system of medicine during 1972–2019: Bibliometric analysis points need to focus on quantity and quality
Authors: Muthappan Sendhilkumar , Elumalai Rajalakshmi , Muthuperumal Prakash , Manivannan Priyanka , Sivaprakasam Satish , Ponnaiah Manickam
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The Siddha system of medicine (SSM) is one of the Indian Systems of Medicine (ISM). In recent times, it has received adequate support from the Indian Ministry of Ayush. Like many such indigenous systems of medicine globally, the SSM is based on its own theoretical principles, philosophy, and methods of practice. Nevertheless, SSM conducts and needs basic and applied research using scientific methods. Such research is evidenced by research publications. In the absence of a review, we did a bibliometric analysis of research publications from SSM for the period of 1972–2019.

Materials and Methods:

We used the term “Siddha” to retrieve the data from the PubMed database. We retrieved data from the National AYUSH research portal and homepages of institutions mandated to do research in SSM. We abstracted bibliometric information and used Epi info (Version 7.2) for analysis. We described the trends and key characteristics.

Results:

Of a total of 2009 retrieved articles, we included 1457 (73%) for analysis. Between 1972 and 2001, the median number of publications per year was three (range: 0–13). Beyond 2012, the publications increased exponentially with an annual growth of 23%. The maximum number of publications (n = 224) was in 2019. Among 43 countries that produced the papers, India topped it (88%). Of 1457, 1.7% (n = 25) of publications from Siddha institutions were indexed in PubMed.

Conclusion:

A bibliometric review of research output from SSM suggests that the publications have increased in the last two decades. The review recommends improving research output from SSM in terms of quantity and quality.
Preventability and manageability of adverse drug reactions in COVID-19 with mucormycosis: An observational study
Authors: Dhingra Sajal , Hanjong Raj , Bisht Khushboo , Dhamija Puneet , Dhar Minakshi
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

In the intricate landscape of healthcare amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the emergence of mucormycosis as a severe complication posed a significant challenge to primary healthcare. This study delved into the complexities of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in COVID-19 patients with mucormycosis undergoing treatment with conventional amphotericin B.

Methods:

Ethically approved and meticulously conducted, the study scrutinized 154 ADRs in depth, shedding light on their classification, outcomes, and interventions in COVID patients with mucormycosis. A descriptive analysis was carried out to report the findings of this study.

Results:

The findings revealed that a substantial proportion (85.6%) of these ADRs were manageable, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring and timely interventions. Notably, gender disparities surfaced, indicating potential gender-specific responses to amphotericin B. Causality assessments based on the WHO-UMC scale classified the majority of ADRs as certain, providing a robust foundation for understanding the intricate relationships between amphotericin B and the observed adverse events.

Conclusion:

This research not only categorizes ADRs as preventable and manageable but also offers practical insights into their nature and the diverse strategies employed for their management. The study’s outcomes underline the importance of personalized healthcare approaches that can be adopted by primary care physicians for effective patient care.
Predictors of quality of life (QOL) and treatment adherence among children with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Nambiar Saugandhika P. , Joseph Hepsi Bai , Satapathy Amit Kumar , Shetty Asha P
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Any significant changes in the growth and development of any aspect of life will ultimately affect the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of children with nephrotic syndrome. Various factors can influence treatment adherence, which can promote or decline the child’s quality of life (QOL). Objective: To assess the quality of life and adherence to treatment regimen and to identify the predictors of QOL and adherence to treatment regimen among children with nephrotic syndrome.

Method:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 59 children with nephrotic syndrome who attended the Paediatric Department of AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, using the PedsQL 4.0 generic core scale to assess the quality of life and adherence response scale. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using the SPSS 20 version.

Results:

The overall QOL median score was 93.48, with an IQR of 18.48, which indicated good QOL. A median score of treatment adherence was 16 with IQR 5, which indicated that the overall treatment adherence was good. Type of nephrotic syndrome (P = 0.014), developmental stage (P = 0.018), education of mother (P = 0.026), and occupation of mother (P = 0.026) were the variables predicted QOL. Duration of disease (P = 0.006) and duration of therapy (P = 0.005) significantly predicted treatment adherence.

Conclusion:

Children need continuous reinforcement on treatment adherence strategies to attain and maintain good QOL so that it can help to reduce the disease severity. Controlling the predictors that influence the QOL and treatment adherence has to be counseled among the parents so that their adherence can be sustained throughout the disease process to maintain good QOL.
Factors affecting early initiation of breastfeeding among mothers of urban area of Jabalpur district, Madhya Pradesh, India: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Meshram Priyanka K. , Pise Rainita R. , Joshi Abhishek U.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Early initiation of breastfeeding reduces infant mortality and morbidity and prolongs the duration of breastfeeding.

Objective:

The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding in the urban area of Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh.

Methodology:

The present community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban area of Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh from March 2017 to July 2018 on 370 recently delivered mothers. Data were collected by interview, using the pretested structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS, version 20. Significance was set at the value of P < 0.05.

Results:

The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding was found to be 45.4%. The percentage of mothers initiating breastfeeding earlier increased when they belonged to the higher age group, nuclear family, were educated, employed, counseled during antenatal visits, non-primigravida and delivered in health institutions. It was also observed that type of delivery, socioeconomic status of mothers, birth weight of baby and occupation of husband are not significantly associated with the early initiation of breastfeeding.

Conclusion:

Increasing literacy amongst the population, promoting marriages at an appropriate age, counseling pregnant women regarding early initiation of breastfeeding during antenatal care visits and institutional deliveries can significantly increase the prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding in the mothers of urban areas of Jabalpur district, Madhya Pradesh.