bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors and the medical care appealability
Authors: Agienko A. S. , Strokolskaya I. L. , Heraskov V. Yu. , Artamonova G. V.
Published: January 2023

Highlights. Unique epidemiological data were obtained on the effectiveness of preventive services of healthcare organizations in relation to cardiovascular diseases, adherence to lifestyle modification recommendations, and presence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in these citizens.Aim. To assess healthcare services uptake in large industrial Siberian region, as well as the adherence of population to lifestyle modification recommendations (epidemiological data).Methods. The study included 729 residents of Kemerovo and Kemerovo region. The assessment of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases was carried out in accordance with the Russian recommendations for cardiovascular prevention. Uptake and adherence to lifestyle modification recommendations was assessed using the Health System Assessment Questionnaire of the International Prospective Study of Urban and Rural Epidemiology.Results. Among the 729 study participants, the urban population is represented by 67.3%, rural – 32.6%. The population was majority represented by women (69.7%). The mean age of participants was 59.0 (51.0; 65.0) years. Smokers accounted for 18.6% of the participants, the majority represented by men (p = 0.000). Excessive weight was more often observed in women (p = 0.013), the mean body mass index in women was 29.5 kg/m2 . The mean values of the analyzed laboratory parameters (cholesterol, low- and highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose) were within the range of normal values. Previously diagnosed hypertension was noted in 64.6% of the participants, diabetes in 12%, coronary heart disease in about 7%, stroke in 1.6% of the participants. Assessment of cardiovascular risk according to SCORE scale showed that 17% of participants were at low risk, 50% – moderate risk in, and 29.2% – high-very high risk. Upon visiting healthcare provider, only 38.1% of subjects received recommendations for lifestyle changes. Respondents were frequently given recommendations to adjust their diet, followed by recommendations regarding weight loss, increased physical activity; smoking cessation and lower alcohol consumption were recommended less often. Respondents changed their lifestyle significantly more often in accordance with the recommendations received at the time of visit (p = 0.000); out of them, 56.7% had moderate cardiovascular risk, 26.7% had high and very high risk, and low risk according to SCORE – 16.7%. However, study participants were more likely to not follow received recommendations (p = 0.000).Conclusion. Due to high uptake of healthcare services in the population, high prevalence of risk factors and low adherence of the population to prevention, it can be concluded that the current model of prevention does not work. Innovative tools are needed to manage risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and positively change a person`s lifestyle.
Nutritional therapy for protein-energy malnutrition in children with sepsis
Authors: Satvaldieva Elmira A. , Ashurova Gulchehra Z.
Published: January 2023

This review presents meta-analyses on nutrition in patients with critical illness using ASPEN/SCCM (2017), SSC (2012, 2021), ESPNIC (2020), and SSC (2020) pediatric sepsis guidelines. The ESPNIC (2020) guideline, based on new evidence, complements most of the existing ASPEN (2017) guidelines for critical pediatrics. Childrens SSC (2020) did not find direct evidence and sufficient data to develop strong nutritional recommendations for children with sepsis/SS. Many issues remain unresolved, requiring systematic analysis. In the literature search, only a few randomized clinical trials have focused on the assessment and correction of protein-energy malnutrition in pediatric intensive care. Over the past decade, small and large pediatric studies have recommended nutritional therapy. However, given the heterogeneity of children admitted to intensive care units in terms of age, pathology, disease severity, presence of comorbidities, and nutritional status, it is unrealistic to expect that one nutrition strategy applies to all patients requiring intensive care. Therefore, most clinicians emphasize the need for an individualized approach to nutrition support in children, taking into account the pathology, severity, initial nutritional status, and riskbenefit ratio of different nutritional therapies. An extensive search of the literature on the problem did not reveal strong nutritional recommendations for children with sepsis/SS, which dictates the need for future research on the topic and correction of protein-energy malnutrition in children with sepsis/SS.
Renal artery denervation: unsolved questions about mechanisms of changes of systemic hemodynamics
Authors: Azovtsev Rostislav A. , Evlakhov Vadim I.
Published: January 2023

In the review we discussed the clinical and physiological aspects of the use of renal artery denervation as an interventional method of treatment of refractory essential arterial hypertension. The application of radiofrequency denervation may be considered as an additional treatment to drug therapy in patients with arterial hypertension. At the same time, the main emphasis in the performed experimental and clinical studies was made on the assessment of changes in blood pressure, cardiac output and the calculated index of total peripheral resistance. However, there is no satisfactory data in the literature about changes of the venous return, as well as superior and inferior venae cavae flows. To assess the effectiveness of renal artery denervation on arterial and venous vessels resistance shifts, it is necessary to carry out experimental studies with perfusion of isolated organs in the conditions of modeling arterial hypertension in animals. The question of the extent to which denervation of the renal arteries leads to shifts in the reactions of organ venous vessels in response to pressor reflex stimuli also requires further studies on experimental models. There are practically no data in the literature on the degree of influence of renal artery denervation on orthostatic tolerance. To understand the mechanisms of changes in systemic hemodynamics in response to denervation of the renal arteries, it is also necessary to perform further research on the mechanisms of shifts in the capacitive and resistive functions of the pulmonary circulation with an assessment of pulmonary microcirculation.
The evolution of non-reconstructive methods of endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Bobinov Vasiliy V. , Rozhchenko Larisa V. , Goroshchenko Sergey A. , Kolomin Egor G. , Samochernykh Konstantin A. , Petrov Andrey E.
Published: January 2023

The evolution of endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms has logically developed in the direction from non-constructive methods (treatment of aneurysms using detachable balloons, using liquid embolizing agents, occlusion of aneurysms with detachable coils, occlusion of aneurysms with balloon-assisted coils, implantation of various types of intradaccular devises) to reconstruction of the artery segment carrying the aneurysm (occlusion of aneurysms with stent-assisted coils and the use of flow-diverters). The effectiveness of these methods, including in the treatment of patients in the acute period of aneurysm rupture, in the immediate postoperative period has been proven by a variety of randomized studies, at the same time, in the long-term period, there are cases of aneurysm recurrence, including those accompanied by its rupture and the need for repeated surgical treatment. It should be noted that the development and modernization of various devices for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms is aimed at reducing the risk of operational complications and achieving greater radicality not only in the near, but also in the long-term postoperative period. The purpose of this review is to describe the stages of development of endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms. In this work, we describe the most well-known non-constructive methods of treatment.
Wobbling passive dynamic postural impacts as a promising method of increasing adaptive potential and improving cardiorespiratory system function
Authors: Novikova Tatyana V. , Agapova Elizaveta A. , Sergeev Timofey V. , Shabrov Alexandr V. , Anisimov Aleksei A. , Kuropatenko Mariya V.
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Passive postural exertions are used to assess orthostatic tolerance, adaptation to antiorthostatic stress and to identify the physiological effects of prolonged supine. As it was shown earlier, Wobbling Passive Dynamic Postural impacts influence on the state of functional reserves, activating long-term regulatory systems.
AIM: The purpose of paper is comparative study of the dynamics of functional indices and calculated physiological indices before and after Wobbling Passive Dynamic Postural exertions and experimental hypokinesia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 50 conditionally healthy subjects randomly divided into two groups at a ratio of 3 to 1. The first group (38 of participants) was exposed to the Wobbling Passive Dynamic Postural impacts. The subjects were in supine position for 5 minutes and then were rotated using an automatic turntable for 10 minutes, after which they were to horizontal position for 5 minutes. The angle deflection of the turntable during the Wobbling Passive Dynamic Postural impacts was from 5 to 15 degrees above or below from the base line. The subjects of the second group (12 of participants) were supine on the turntable fixed in the horizontal position for 20 minutes, thus being exposed to voluntary experimental hypokinesia. Anthropometric indices of subjects were measured before the study; functional indices were recorded continuously throughout the test. The entire study was divided into three stages, for which the values of the calculated physiological indices were presented as averages. Statistical analysis of the differences between the measured and calculated indices was performed using nonparametric statistical tests.
RESULTS: Application of both types of exertions leads to decrease of the experienced stress and more effective blood circulation, but there are expressed differences. Thus, Wobbling Passive Dynamic Postural impacts are accompanied by a decrease in heart rate, an increase in the adaptive potential, an increase in endurance, which is confirmed by statistically significant changes in the analyzed indices. On the contrary, in the voluntary experimental hypokinesia group, by the end of the 20-minute motionless lying there was a gradual increase in heart rate, decrease in endurance indices and weakening of the adaptive potential.
CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained with the use of available, previously tested, physiological techniques permit to recommend wobbling passive dynamic postural impacts as a promising method for preventing the harmful effect of hypokinesia. An advanced study of changes in the microvasculature using modern equipment based on Laser Doppler flowmetry will allow verifying the obtained results.
Changes in the content of fucoglycoproteins in the mucous membranes and walls of the stomach and small intestine of alcoholized rats under immobilization stress
Authors: Oksuzyan Artur V. , Butolin Evgeny G. , Ivanov Grigoriy V.
Published: January 2023

The article highlights the features of the metabolism of fucoglycoproteins in liver homogenates, the wall and mucous membrane of the stomach and small intestine in experimental models: alcoholic liver disease and prolonged alcoholization of rats under immobilization stress. Fucoglycoprotein metabolism was assessed for 90 days by the level of total fucose and fucosidase activity. To evaluate the implementation of the experiments, a biochemical analysis of markers of liver pathology was carried out. In the dynamics of experiments, there was an increase in transaminases and dyslipidemia in the blood serum of rats, as well as an increase in the level of corticosterone, especially in rats against the background of immobilization stress. In the exchange of fucose-containing glycoproteins in the blood serum, in the tissues of the liver, stomach and small intestine of experimental animals, multidirectional metabolic changes were monitored, namely, an increase in catabolism processes in the first days of observations in alcoholized rodents, which may be associated with the cytolytic effect of ethanol in the studied tissues. In these organs, the total amount of fucose is higher in the mucosa layer than in the organ wall. At the same time, in a series of experiments with immobilization stress against the background of ethanol administration, activation of anabolism of oligosaccharide fragments for the synthesis of fucoglycoproteins was noted in the second half of the experiment, associated with compensatory adaptive mechanisms.
Coumarins as a base for the drug development: yes or no?
Authors: Litasova Elena V. , Iljin Viktor V. , Myznikov Leonid V. , Brusina Maria A. , Piotrovskiy Levon B.
Published: January 2023

It is well known that coumarin derivatives are widely distributed in nature and have a wide spectrum of biological activity. At the same time, only a few compounds containing a coumarin fragment are used in the clinics. These compounds include for example the anticoagulant warfarin and the anthelmintic drug haloxon. In the present article is discussed the few examples of biological activity of coumarin derivatives, the mechanisms of action of these compounds and the problems that arise in the development of new drugs, as well as the prospects for using coumarins as leader compounds.
Nehezített pályán : Akkulturációs stratégiák változásai magasan képzett migráns fiatalok körében a pandémia árnyékában
Authors: Boelens Dóra , Huszti Éva
Published: January 2023

A tanulmány Magyarországon élő magasan képzett fiatal bevándorlók akkulturációs stratégiájával foglalkozik. Az akkulturációs folyamatok értelmezése kulturális és kapcsolati dimenziókban történt. A kapcsolathálózatok összetételének vizsgálata az úgynevezett személyes kapcsolathálózati térkép segítségével zajlott, ami lehetővé tette a kapcsolatok fizikai elérhetőségének, kulturális hovatartozásának és érzelmi közelségének vizsgálatát. Az adatgyűjtés kvalitatív és kvantitatív technikák ötvözésével, két hullámban zajlott. Bár alacsony elemszámmal (N=30), de ugyanazon személyek megkérdezésére került sor az első regisztrált koronavírus-fertőzés hazai megjelenése előtti időszakban (2020 eleje), valamint a szigorú járványügyi korlátozások időszakában (2021 eleje). A kedvező szociodemográfiai jellemzőkkel rendelkező válaszadók mindkét évben kiterjedt kapcsolathálózattal rendelkeztek és kapcsolathálózatuk kiterjedtsége csak enyhe mértékű csökkenést mutatott. A válaszadók többségénél a befogadó ország irányába történő orientáció gyengült, az akkulturációs stratégiák a dezintegráció irányába mozdultak el. Az egocentrikus kapcsolathálózatok összetételét illetően a befogadó társadalomhoz tartozó, elsősorban gyengébb kötésű, integrációs akkulturációs stratégiát elősegítő kapcsolatok aránya csökkent, míg a szeparálódó, transzmigrációs és izolálódó stratégiát támogató saját etnokulturális csoporthoz vagy más migránscsoportokhoz tartozó kapcsolatok aránya növekedett. Jelen tanulmányban a fenti folyamatok mélyebb vizsgálatára és megértésére teszünk kísérletet. A tanulmány célja a különböző akkulturációs stratégiák és azok változásainak kvalitatív jellemzése.
Baráti kapcsolatok változása a Covid19-járvány alatt
Authors: Albert Fruzsina , Herke Boglárka
Published: January 2023

Az önkéntesen választott baráti kapcsolatok fontos integrációs szerepet töltenek be és az egyén jóllétéhez is nagymértékben hozzájárulnak. A tanulmányban a baráti kapcsolatok változását tekintjük át a pandémiás időszakban több szempont szerint, 2021 tavaszán gyűjtött kvalitatív és 2021 végén gyűjtött kvantitatív adatok alapján. Különféle szociodemográfiai csoportokban vizsgáljuk az egyének kapcsolati hálójában a járvány előtti és alatti időszakban a barátságokat, a kapcsolatvesztést, majd a járvány alatt is megmaradt baráti kapcsolatok minőségének, a kapcsolattartás módjának és gyakoriságának változását tekintjük át. A kérdőíves felmérésben megkérdezettek harmada említett barátot a számára legfontosabb emberek között. A baráti kapcsolatok sérülékenyebbek a családi kapcsolatokhoz képest, különösen a fiatalok, a budapestiek és a nők számoltak be nagyobb arányban valamely baráti kapcsolatuk megszűnéséről. A barátokkal való személyes kapcsolattartás is visszaszorult, legfőképp a magasabb iskolai végzettségűek és a nagyobb településeken élők körében. A Covid19-járvány alatti időszakban valamelyest csökkent a baráti kapcsolatok minőségének megítélése. Az interjúk alapján a megszakadt barátságok jellemzően frissebb vagy kevésbé szoros kapcsolatok voltak.
A jobboldali szexuálpolitikák ellentmondásai Európában
Authors: Sipos Alexandra
Published: January 2023

Cornelia Möser – Jennifer Ramme – Judit Takács (szerk.) (2022) Paradoxical Right-Wing Sexual Politics in EuropePalgrave Macmillan, Cham
Érettségi eredmények poszt-Covid tünetei – avagy a rendkívüli érettségi időszakok és az oktatási egyenlőtlenségek összefüggései
Authors: Vit Eszter
Published: January 2023

A tanulmány a Covid19-hez kötődő iskolabezárások érettségi eredményekre gyakorolt hatásait vizsgálja regressziós elemzéssel három érettségi tárgyból a 2018–2021. május-júniusi vizsgaidőszakok középszintű és emelt szintű írásbeli pontszámaira vonatkozóan. Az eredmények alapján elmondható, hogy általánosságban nem születtek rosszabb írásbeli eredmények az iskolabezárások által érintett érettségi időszakokban. Azonban a képzéstípus és az érettségi időszak interakcióját is figyelembe véve, az érettségit adó szakképzés keretei között vizsgázók átlagosan rosszabb középszintű írásbeli érettségi eredményei további hátrányt könyvelhettek el a járvány által érintett mindkét évben a gimnazistákhoz képest (2020 és 2021) matematikából, továbbá a második évben (2021) történelemből. Az iskolák átlageredményeinek elemzése ugyanakkor rámutat, hogy ezek az összefüggések elsősorban az egyes iskolák és képzéseik családi háttér szerinti szelektivitásából fakadhatnak. A hátrányosabb tanulói összetételű képzések a rendkívüli oktatási helyzet által érintett időszakban sok esetben alulteljesítettek még a diákok családi háttere alapján várható eredményekhez képest is. Összességében az eredmények arra utalnak, hogy a Covid19-időszakhoz köthető rendkívüli oktatási helyzet hozzájárulhatott az oktatási egyenlőtlenségek növekedéséhez.
БУДДИЙСКАЯ ДИПЛОМАТИЯ КАК ФАКТОР «МЯГКОЙ СИЛЫ» КИТАЯ
Authors:   Бурятский государственный университет им. Д. Банзарова, В. В. Хандархаева
Published: January 2023

В статье рассматривается буддийская дипломатия как фактор «мягкой силы» Китая. Термин «мягкая сила» вызывает несомненный интерес в современном обществе, впервые введенный американским политическим деятелем Джозефом Найем 1989 г. в работе «Призвание к лидерству: меняющаяся природа американской силы». В Китае фактору «мягкой силе» придают особую значимость. «Мягкая сила» содержит в своей основе принцип достижения цели без применения давления. В статье подчеркивается, что эти принципы созвучны политическому направлению развития страны современного Китая направленного на построение гармоничного мира. Рассматриваются традиционные ценности буддизма, которые широко используются в современной политической стратегии Китая. Уделяется особое внимание к значимости буддизма, как языка дипломатии. Буддизм является надежной основной для расширения культурного и политического влияния Китая в странах Азии, а также в странах Европы и Америки.
CULTIVATION OF CULTURAL SELF-CONFIDENCE IN COLLEGE FOREIGN LANGUAGES COURSE
Authors:   Changchun University of Science and Technology, Ma Danni
Published: January 2023

Cultivating students with "Chinese wisdom and international vision" has become the primary task for College Foreign Language courses in Chinese universities. This paper analyzes the causes of Chinese cultural aphasia in foreign language education, explores strategies of integrating excellent traditional Chinese culture into foreign language teaching, including switching teaching philosophy, reorganizing teaching materials, optimizing teaching methods and improving evaluation mechanism.
ОПЫТ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ СОВМЕСТНОГО ПЕРЕВОДЧЕСКОГО ПРОЕКТА СТУДЕНТОВ РОССИЙСКОГО И КИТАЙСКОГО ВУЗОВ: МЕЖКУЛЬТУРНЫЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors:   Ленинградский государственный университет им. А. С. Пушкина, С. С. Шимберг , Д. В. Бадархаев ,   Чанчуньский политехнический университет
Published: January 2023

В данной статье обобщен опыт реализации образовательного проекта по переводу аудиовизуального текста с китайского на русский и с русского на китайский. В результате реализации проекта были выделены две группы трудностей, связанных с межкультурным аспектом коммуникации. В статье представлен алгоритм работы по переводу, даны рекомендации по организации рабочего процесса, описаны конкретные примеры культурных барьеров и способов их преодоления.
ON THE TURKIFICATION IN CENTRAL ASIA
Authors:   Qinghua University, Tianbao Wang
Published: January 2023

"Central Asia" is not only a concept of physical geography, but also a concept of cultural region and geopolitics, and has a narrow and broad sense. At present, the common term "Central Asia" refers to Central Asia in a narrow sense, whi ch is closely related to the political and economic fields, namely, the "five Central Asian countries". Historically, the region has been affected by Turkization for a long time. In the 6th century, Turks first e s- tablished and ruled in Central Asia, which was the warm up stage of Turkization in Central Asia. In the 7th century, Arabs moved eastward to promote the integration between Central Asian people and Turks, which was the initial stage of Turkization in Central Asia. In the 11th century, the Turkic dy nasty represented by the Karahan Khanate replaced the rule of the Iranian language group in Central Asia, and the Turkization of Central Asia stepped into an accelerated stage. In the 15th century, the Mongols were also Turkized in the process of ruling Central Asia, and Central Asia Turkization entered the formation stage.
How Important is Environmentally Sustainable Tourism? Evidence in Indonesia from 1974-2018 Using NARDL Cointegration
Authors: Setiawati Nadya , Pamungkas Eksa
Published: January 2023

Tourism is one of the most important sectors of the Indonesian economy because it is one of the mainstay sectors in obtaining foreign exchange, which is expected to increase economic growth. However, along with its positive impact on economic growth, the expansion of the tourism industry is also a significant contribution to rising CO2 emissions and energy consumption. This study focuses on assessing the impact of the tourism sector as proxied by the number of international tourist visits on GDP per capita and the environment as seen from CO2 emissions and total energy consumption. This study uses data covering 44 years (1974 - 2018). The Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) method was used in this study. The results indicate that an increase in total foreign tourist arrivals has a positive impact on real GDP per capita and total energy consumption in the short term, whereas a decrease has a beneficial effect on reducing real GDP per capita, CO2 emissions, and total energy consumption. In the long term, an increase in total international tourist arrivals is known to have a positive effect on increasing real GDP per capita, CO2 emissions, and total energy consumption; then, the decrease has a positive effect on reducing real GDP per capita and CO2 emissions. The result of this study demonstrates that an increase in total international tourist arrivals has a positive effect on short- and long-term impact on real GDP per capita and total energy consumption. There are several policy implications as a consideration of the results of this study, such as the use of carbon-neutral transportation and hybrid energy as well as tax breaks or low-cost financing opportunities to purchase and install green technology.
Does Technopark Play a Role in Local Economic Development? Case Study in Samosir Regency
Authors: Kuntias Agisa , Novianti Tanti , Fariyanti Anna
Published: January 2023

Local economic development is one of the development policies that is considered appropriate and strategic in the context of regional development in Indonesia by optimally utilizing local resources. In line with this concept, the Government of Samosir Regency established a technopark as a centre for innovation based on inland fishery resources to encourage local economic activities for the community. The purpose of this study is to examine the strategy of the local government of Samosir Regency in developing the local economy through technopark based on inland fishery resources. The analytical tool used by the Analytical Network Process (ANP) includes analysis of aspects of factors, problems, solutions, and alternative strategies. Based on the results of the ANP analysis, the collaboration factor is the most influencing factor in strategy development. Meanwhile, in the problem aspect, the problem of limited infrastructure, low public interest and weak commitment, are the main problems that need to be resolved, so that the solution aspect becomes a priority is building trust between stakeholders, allocation of financing for infrastructure and socialization of coaching programs to the community. The formulation of the main strategy for local economic development through the development of technoparks based on the results of the ANP analysis is to build multi-stakeholder synergy to support local economic development in Samosir Regency.
Money Demand in Indonesia: Does Economic Uncertainty Matter?
Authors: Kurniawan Mahrus Lutfi Adi , A'yun Indanazulfa Qurrota , Perwithosuci Winny
Published: January 2023

Since the global financial crisis of 2008, there has been a rise in economic uncertainty and money demand research. The money demand is vital in monetary policy, which has implications for the regional economy. This study aims to analyse the money demand in Indonesia in the middle of global economic uncertainty, as well as the contribution of the study, which includes the economic and monetary policy uncertainty in a separate model for an enhanced money demand function. The study used a structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) approach. The results indicate that monetary demand is negatively affected by economic uncertainty. With the development of the financial sector, the impact of economic uncertainty and the unpredictability of US monetary policy drives people to be more cautious, resulting in a movement of "wealth" to other instruments. The current study implies that the monetary policy in the form of interest rates as the response to the global condition should consider monetary aggregates in terms of money demand as a precautionary measure to maintain money demand. The study revealed that stable money demand suggests inflation targeting as a monetary policy that can enhance monetary policy in the face of rising economic uncertainty.
Infectious and noninfectious epiglottitis in adults: our experience
Authors: Altaf Malik  , Muzaffar Rahil , Sumat Ul Khurshid
Published: January 2023

Background: The present prospective study was conducted in the department of ENT at GMC Doda for a period of three years from February 2019 to March 2022. The study aimed at evaluating the causes, presentation and management of adult epiglottitis.
Methods: The patients presenting with the sign and symptoms of epiglottitis were evaluated and were subjected to rigid/flexible endoscopic examination. Patients presenting with respiratory distress were categorized as per Freidman’s classification.
Results: Epiglottitis was seen in 21 patients with 13 male and 8 female patients. The age distribution was between 26 and 68 years (mean, 44.4±11.3). Infection, as a cause of epiglottitis was present in 14 subjects and 7 patients had non infectiousetiology. Corrosive ingestion (HCL) and angioedema was seen in two patients each. Hot water aspiration, hot milk and foreign body aspiration (fish bone) was present in the rest of three patients each. Most common complaint of patients in our study was sore throat followed by painful swallowing and voice change.
Conclusions: Epiglottitis in adults can be easily overlooked because of its non-specific presentation. Importance needs to be stressed upon the examination of larynx in patients presenting with sore throat not responding to conventional treatment or with symptoms of respiratory distress and voice change. Airway management should be take preference in patients having stridor before embarking on laryngeal examination with close Follow up.
Hypohidrotic hereditary ectodermal dysplasia: A case report
Authors: Sachdev Sanpreet Singh , Padawe Dimple , Khade Ankita , Takate Vilas , Dighe Kishore
Published: January 2023

Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia (HED) is characterized by a triad of hypotrichosis (sparse hair), hypodontia (multiple missing teeth), and hypohidrosis (inability to sweat adequately). Consequently, patients’ quality of life is severely affected due to impairments in mastication, speech, and esthetics. Timely oral rehabilitation of patients with HED can enable them to lead a normal life by helping them perform their functions adequately and prevent the psychological ill-effects; in which dental professionals play a key role. The present case report describes the oral rehabilitation and management of a 7-year-old male patient with HED.
The First Printed Textbook of World History in Russia and Its Readers
Authors: Zaretskiy Yury
Published: January 2023

The article examines the content of the first printed review of world history in Russian and its existence in Russia at the beginning of the 18th century. This review, “A Brief Introduction to Any History”, was published in a series of textbooks on various fields of knowledge, compiled by Ilya Kopievsky (ca. 1651 — 1714) and published by order of Peter I in the Amsterdam printing house of Jan Tessing. The circumstances of the appearance of these books and the content of some of them (mainly on linguistics) have long attracted the interest of researchers. However, their role in Peter’s educational project as a whole remains to be understood. In the article, this gap is partially filled by considering the place of Kopievsky’s textbook in the formation of historical enlightenment in Russia. The article examines three interrelated plots: the content of the book; the reading circle on world history in Russia at the turn of the 17th — 18th centuries; the readership of “A Brief Introduction.” In conclusion, it suggests the necessity to reevaluate the place and role of Kopievsky’s textbook in the formation of a “scientific” picture of world history in 18th century Russia.
Russian Expeditions to the Turkmen Coast of the Caspian Sea in the First Quarter of the 19th Century
Authors: Imasheva Marina
Published: January 2023

In this article, based on the analysis of Russian literature, memoirs of participants and published materials, documents from the archives of the Russian Federation, the author reconstructed the history of expeditions organized by the Russian authorities to the eastern (Turkmen) shore of the Caspian Sea in the first quarter of the 19th century. The purpose of the expeditions was to find and organize a place for the foundation of the Russian commercial and naval fortifications. Military, officials, scientists, merchants were involved in the expeditions, which were of an intelligence and economic nature. The program of the expeditions was formulated by representatives of the highest authorities of the Russian Empire, the treasury also paid for all the costs of their organization and implementation. The expeditions were equipped and sent to the Turkmen coast from the Astrakhan port, the main Russian point on the Volga-Caspian route. During the expeditions, extremely important scientific data were obtained: on ethnography, socio-economic and cultural life of Turkmen tribes and cartography. It was possible to enlist the support of the heads of the Turkmen coastal tribes, to form a list of goods that was interesting for the local population. The results of the expeditions eventually allowed the Russian authorities to decide on a place to establish their trading post (and port) and begin building the Novo-Petrovsky fortification on Mangyshlak in the 1840s.
The Conflict between the CPSU and the Communist Party of Spain in the Lens of American and Soviet Diplomacy, the 1970s
Authors: Bakshaev Maxim
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes the conflict between the CPSU and the Communist Party of Spain (Partido Comunista de España, PCE) in the 1970s through the prism of Soviet-American relations during the era of Detente. Since the late 1960s, the Communist Party of Spain, headed by General Secretary S. Carrillo, began to distance itself from the CPSU, the leader of the International Communist Movement (ICM). In the conditions of the ongoing Cold War, the growing conflict between the parties meant the threat of a split within the ICM, which could not but attract the attention of the United States. The purpose of the article is to determine how the conflict between the CPSU and the Communist Party of Spain was perceived by American and Soviet state leaders, diplomats and the expert community during the 1970s, in order to establish how the assessments of this conflict in the United States and the USSR influenced the adjustment of the foreign policy strategies of these powers. The article examines the key stages of the development of relations between the leadership of the Soviet and Spanish Communist parties – "shadow" and public – as well as the perception of this conflict by Soviet and American diplomats, their assessments and reactions. The research is based on the sources of the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History (RGANI), available documents of the US State Department and the CIA.
Translation of Terminology in the Texts on Social and Legal Relations of Medieval England
Authors: Vinokurova Marina
Published: January 2023

This article is devoted to the problems, connected with translation of terminology in the texts on social and legal relations of Medieval England. Specificity of such texts’ translation exposes the necessity of adequate interpretation of medieval social relations’ peculiar features, represented in special terminology of the sources. Dealing with such specific texts, one has to bear in mind the idea that a historian of nowadays possesses the amount of quite another cognitive meanings and representations in comparison with a human being of the Middle Ages — the fact that complicates an adequate translation of a historical source and modifies its semantic expressiveness. This article also contains a number of principles of translation, based on the author’s experience. They are as follows: one should not always trust historical term itself, but it’s better to look deeper and try fully to take into account the specifics of the activity of a person (including economic one) designated by the term; it’s worth paying attention to set of terms, used in the documents to designate a given person or phenomenon; when translating and interpreting terminology it’s useful to appeal not only to sources, but to historiographical tradition in a given sphere as well; occasionally it’s possible to do without any translation of the term (but to give its interpretation in the footnote) — and mainly in such cases when sense or interpretation of this or that term seem to be rather bulky.
Translations of Scholastic Works in Fourteenth-Century Byzantium: Intellectual Dissidence?
Authors: Kushch Tatiana
Published: January 2023

This article examines the activity of the fourteenth-century Byzantine intellectuals in translation into Greek of the works of Latin scholastics, particularly Thomas Aquinas. The author of the article notes that, before these translations, in Byzantium there was no public demand for the study of the Latin language and acquaintance with Western theological thought. The interest in Latin Scholasticism was born primarily as a response to the ideological crisis caused by the Palamite disputes and the victory of hesychasm. Political contacts with the West were another stimulus to the interest in Latin culture and theology. The first translator of the scholastic works was Demetrios Kydones: in cooperation with his brother Prochoros, he translated the main works of Aquinas. However, the colleagues, state authorities, and church evaluated the activities of Demetrios Kydones and his followers in different ways. When the Byzantines got acquainted with the scholastic works, it aggravated the disputes concerning the Church union and the anti-Latin polemics. The Latinophiles’ translation activity became a form of manifestation of their dissent, as they conceded religious rapprochement with the papacy and recognized the achievements of the Western theological thought. Generally, the appearance of the works of Latin theologians in the Christian East had a strong impact on the intellectual and ideological-political life of Byzantium.
On the Question of the Peculiarities of the Translation of Legal Texts
Authors: Sredinskaya Natalia
Published: January 2023

The article examines the use and translation of key terms of Roman law: “proprietas”, “possessio” and “detentio”, which were used in medieval texts in one way or another; at least when it comes to the act material of medieval Italy. Despite the fact that the translation of “possessio” as «владение» has been established in Russian romanistics, the translator must take into account that in Russian the use of the words «владение», «владелец» has certain features. The main problem is that until now, often (with the exception of scientific works of lawyers), the term «владелец» is used to refer to the person who owns the property right, the owner, contrary to the dichotomy between the concepts of «владение» and «собственность». Problems also arise when translating into English. Belonging of England to the Anglo-Saxon legal system leads to difficulties in transferring legal terms of the continental system based on Roman law. Researchers and translators of Latin legal texts can avoid accusations of inaccuracy by resorting to the use of legal terms in Latin in the text, or by duplicating the Latin translation of such a term into English or another language.
The Origin of the “Anglo-Saxon” Myth: Early Medieval England in the Historical Culture of Medieval and Early Modern Britain
Authors: Mereminskiy Stanislav
Published: January 2023

The concepts rooted in the history of medieval Europe play a major role in modern socio-political discourse. Among those are the terms “Anglo-Saxons” and “Anglo-Saxon”. As the name of German-speaking peoples who settled in Britain in the fifth to seventh centuries, the ethnonym “Anglo-Saxons” emerged already in the Early Middle Ages. Starting from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, when English antiquarians began a systematic study of the past of their country, the ethnonyms used by early medieval authors were interpreted precisely as designations of communities similar to the European peoples of the modern times. Throughout the nineteenth century the ethnonym “Anglo-Saxons” was used more and more often in its political and cultural meaning, at the same time, ethnic understanding spun off from it. There emerged an idea of the “Anglo-Saxon race”, which, depending on the specific context, began to be contrasted with the “Celtic”, “Latin”, “African” or “Indian” races. The idea of the emergence of a single English nation as a result of the mutual assimilation of the Saxons and Normans became the cornerstone of the Whig model of history that dominated the Victorian era.
Actualization of Medieval Heritage in a Present-Day English Town: the Case of Dunstable
Authors: Anisimova Anna
Published: January 2023

The article discusses the handling of the medieval past of English town sat the beginning of the 21stcentury. It isa case-study of Dunstablein Bedfordshire where there was conceived and implemented the project “Medieval Dunstable”. This example allow susto demonstrate the way the Middle Ages can be recreated in a place where there is little in terms of tangible medieval heritage, despite a spectacular medieval history. It also brings attention to the issue of the interaction (if there is any) between popular and academic knowledge. This case is considered within the context of local interest in history in England, as there is abundant number of local societies of different kind engaged in researching, disseminating, and promoting historical knowledge. In order to better understand the Dunstable’s project and perspective, two other examples of towns with somewhat similar medieval past — development under monastic lordship (Faversham in Kent and Reading in Berkshire) — are examined for their strategies in presenting towns’ medieval history. This comparison makes possible to determine some common trends in the interpretations of the medieval past and heritage and its presentation to the general public. Aspecialroleisplayedbynewtechnologies.
Historical Horizons of the Modern Culture: A Mediterranean Context
Authors: Variash Irina
Published: January 2023

The article introduces the range of questions that are discussed in the part of the present issue of the journal dedicated to the historical horizon of modern civilization. In Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the most important ideas for modern civilization were formulated. Scientific, legal and social ideas that arose in the distant past created the horizon of modern culture, which begins to take on more or less distinct contours now. The development of this topic by the scholars, which were invited to collaborate in the issue, has produced an interesting additional result: it became clear that purely historical themes can be comprehended in terms of the theory of Human Capital. Moreover, the authors have focused on the socio-anthropological aspect of the problem, which allows us to see in the practices and activities of people those ways of thinking, mental paradigms, forms of knowledge and social strategies that constituted structural elements of their culture, which were formed in the deep Past.
Integration in Muscovy: The Case of Ryazan Elite
Authors: Kirpichnikov Ivan
Published: January 2023

The integration of previously independent political entities into a single political unit was one of the main challenges facing European Medieval and Early modern rulers. The case analyzed in this study is the Ryazan region located in the southern part of Eastern Europe, which was ultimately annexed by the expanding Muscovite state in 1521. The first part of the article covers the main historiographical approaches to the problem of regionalism in the history of Early Modern Russia. The second part is devoted to a discussion of the methodology and results of the prosopographical study of the Ryazan service elite in the end of the 15th — first third of the 17th century. This case is one of the clearest examples of “soft” (non-violent) integration since the annexation of the Grand Duchy of Ryazan was not accompanied by either property confiscation or forced resettlement. The Muscovite government consistently preserved the local social structure. The members of the local elite were often involved in carrying out administrative and military service in their native region. The Ryazan community was significantly transformed by the Oprichnina confiscations, but the old local elite families preserved their traditional position in the local community. The Ryazan elite had a relatively low social status in the Muscovite ruling class hierarchy. The Time of Troubles opened a new page in the history of the Ryazan elite. Ryazan service people securely settled in Moscow, which led to a deep transformation of their career strategies and lifestyles.
Unknown Autograph of François de La Noue from St. Petersburg: Flemish Itinerary of the Breton captain in November 1579
Authors: Shishkin Vladimir
Published: January 2023

The article is dedicated to the Huguenot military leader of the times of the Religious Wars in France, the Breton nobleman François, seigneur de La Noue, one of the legendary captains of the 16th century. In the 1570s captain de La Noue considered by his contemporaries as a successor to the traditions of honor and noble qualities of the knight Bayard. He actively fought, including on the side of the Flemish Protestants in their struggle against Spanish rule. Based on a study of correspondence and movements of the La Noue military camp in the fall of 1579, the authors reconstruct the historical context around the captain's unknown autograph of November 1579, stored in the funds of the Scientific and Historical Archive of St. Petersburg Institute of History, as part of the manuscript collection of Nikolay P. Likhachev, offering their own version of the dating of this undated document. The autograph is a letter of guarantee protecting the inhabitants of the village of Bondieu / Bondues and aimed at ensuring the unhindered supply of food products to the cities of Flanders/Netherlands, controlled by the by the States General.
Russian-Catalan Relations of the Second Half of the 19th and Early 20th Century
Authors: Kuzina Nataliya
Published: January 2023

This article is devoted to contacts and connections between Catalan and Russian intellectuals, artists in the period from the second half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. These interactions were largely fragmentary, the connections were personal and few, but they significantly influenced the literary and artistic life of Russia and Catalonia. Questions of culture, science and art were the main subjects of conversation between Russians and Catalans. The article highlights such episodes as the correspondence between I. Pavlovsky and N. Ollier, the influence of the Catalan artist M. Fortuny on domestic painters, joint projects of S. Diaghilev and H. Sert, etc.
“Medieval & Early Modern Studies in Russia”: on Past and Upcoming Conferences
Authors: Yatsyk Svetlana
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the Nationwide Scientific Conference “Medieval & Early Modern Studies in Russia” held in June 2022 at the Institute of General History. Describing the thematic sections of the conference (on political, economic, and military history, auxiliary historical disciplines, historiography, history of Byzantium and the East, and others) and analyzing the composition of the participants, the author remarks the predominance of speakers from Moscow and St. Petersburg and suggests that the next All-Russian Congress of Medievalists should take place outside the capital. In addition, having compared the experience of this conference with similar events organized abroad, the author raises the question of the need to recreate the All-Russian Association of Medievalists and specialists in Early Modern History.
The Crimean Khanate’s Foreign Policy after the Ottoman Conquest. Between Poland and Moscow
Authors: Zimina Evgeniya
Published: January 2023

The article discusses the transformation of foreign policy of Crimean Khan Menli Giray. After ascending the throne in hard period of feuds, Crimean Khan continued friendly course of diplomacy towards Polish king and Grand Duke of Lithuania Casimir IV. The Ottoman Conquest of Crimea catalyzed a change in Khanate’s policy. The traditional crimean alliance with Poland was replaced by rapprochement with Moscow state. The foreign policy maneuvers of Crimean Khanate has been hidden to Polish king and Grand Duke of Lithuania Casimir IV. Moscow-Crimean alliance was not only against the Golden Horde, but also against Polish king and Grand Duke of Lithuania Casimir IV Jagiellon. Alliance between Crimean Khan Menli Giray and Grand Prince of Moscow Ivan III was reflected in devastating attacks by the Tatars on Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Antipolish coalition played into the hands of Osman foreign policy objectives, who sought to capture the Moldovan region which was under protectorate of Poland.