bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PORTFOLIO PEDAGOGY: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: URAZBAEV Khikmatullo
Published: September 2021

Портфолио технологияси нисабатан янги педагогик технология сифатида жаҳон миқёсида турли таълим тизимларида, контекст ва таълим босқичларида, хусусан, бошланғич таълимдан олий таълимгача, мутахассислар касбий тайёргарлигидан малака ошириш тизими контекстларида кенг қўлланилиб келинмоқда. Портфолио технологиясининг қулайликлари, жумладан, унинг тежамкорлиги, қулайлиги ва шахсга йўналтирилган таълимни қўллаши билан талаба ва ўқувчиларнинг билим, кўникма ва малакаларини баҳолашнинг, уларнинг мустақил таълим кўникмалари, ўз-ўзини баҳолаш ҳамда рефлексив фаолият малакаларини шакллантиришда беқиёс воситага айлантира олди. Мазкур тадқиқотда Ўзбекистон Республикаси олий таълим тизимида тил портфолиоси технологиясиини жорий қилиш мақсадида портфолио технологиясига оид мавжуд илмий адабиётларни таҳлил қилиш ва ушбу технологиянинг асосини ташкил қилувчи педагогик ва психологик қарашларни аниқлаш асосий мақсад сифатида олинди. Иккиламчи маълумотлар таҳлили ўз ичига хорижда ҳамда МДҲ мамлакатларида нашр қилинган илмий ишларни олди. Адабиётлар таҳлили шуни кўрсатдики, портфолио технологиясининг педагогик ва психологик асосларини гуманизм, когнитивизм, метакогнитивизм ва конструктивизм назариялари ташкил қилиб, ушбу назарияларнинг ўз навбатида шахсга йўналтирилган таълим ўртасида яқин боғлиқлик мавжуд. Шахсга йўналтирилган таълим бўлса ўз навбатида Ўзбекистон Республикаси томонидан олиб борилаётган таълим сиёсатларида ҳам алоҳида аҳамиятга эга.
ЎЗБЕК ТИЛИНИ ИККИНЧИ ТИЛ СИФAТИДA ЎҚИТИШДA ТИНГЛAБ ТУШУНИШ КЎНИКМAСИНИ ШAКЛЛAНТИРИШ
Authors: MUKHITDINOVA Khadicha
Published: September 2021

Мақолада таълим ўзга тилларда олиб бориладига мактаблар ва гуруҳларда ўқувчи-талабаларнинг ўзбек тилид тинглаб тушуниш кўникмасини шакллантириш, ушбу ти кўникмалари бўйича давлат таълим стандартларида белгиланга талаблар, уларни бажаришда дуч келинаётган муаммолар, уларн бартараф этиш йўллари ҳақида фикр юритилган. Давлат таъли стандартларида фақат бошланғич таълимдагина тинглаб тушунишг оид талаблар белгиланганлиги, ўзбек тили дарсларида эшитиш орқали тўғри талаффузни ўргатишга жиддий эътибор қаратмаслик бу кўникмани шакллантириш устида давомли иш олиб бормасли оқибатида талаффуз хатолари ўқувчилар нутқида мустаҳкамланиб ҳатто юқори таълим босқичларида ҳам сақланаётганлиги қай этилган. Таълим ўзга тилларда олиб бориладиган мактаблар в гуруҳларда ўқувчи-талабалар контингентининг ҳар хиллиги, би гуруҳда турли тузилишли ва генетик келиб чиқиши турлича бўлга тил вакиллари ўқиши туфайли уларда она тили интерференциясин бартараф этиш учун товушларни қиёслаб ўргатишда муайя қийинчиликларни юзага келтириши, иккинчи томондан, теварак атрофдаги тил муҳитида турли шеваларда гапирувчиларнинг салби таъсири кучлилиги, ҳатто шевалар элементлари ўқитувчила нутқида ҳам сезилиб туриши ўқувчи-талабаларда ўзбекча жонл нутқни эшитиш асосида тушуниш ва нутқий бирликларни тўғр талаффуз қилишни шакллантириш имкониятларини чегарала қўяётгани ҳақида мулоҳазалар баён этилган. Шулардан кели чиққан ҳолда ўзбек тилини ўқитишда тинглаб тушуниш кўникмасини шакллантиришга кўпроқ эътибор қаратиш, дар жараёнида шартли нутқий вазиятлар яратиш, табиий нутқи вазиятлардан, эшитиш машқларидан самарали фойдаланиш йўллар тавсия этилган.
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПУТИ РАЗВИТИЯ ПОЗНАВАТЕЛЬНОЙ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ И АКТИВНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ-МЕДИКОВ
Authors: LUTFULLAYEVA Khulkar
Published: September 2021

В статье раскрывается значение самостоятельной познавательной деятельности студентов-медиков в процессе их профессиональной подготовки в контексте современных реформ Республики Узбекистан. Обозначены направления решения данной задачи, показаны педагогические пути развития самостоятельно-творческих навыков студентов на практике в медицинских учреждениях через систему заданий, ориентацию на содержание и особенности лечебной практики, учет психологических факторов, индивидуальный подход. Учитывая быстрое развитие информационно-технических средств, происходящее параллельно с новыми научными открытиями в медицине, закономерно определить подготовку будущего специалиста-медика к активной самостоятельной познавательно-творческой деятельности в постоянно развивающемся мире научных медицинских исследований как одну из важнейших целей медицинского образования в целом. Для этого в учебном процессе должны быть созданы условия для самообразования — развития умений самостоятельного поиска (информации, решения учебных и профессиональных задач). В статье также подробно рассматриваются принципы подбора заданий на активность студентов в виде таблиц. Анализ влияния указанных принципов на процесс обучения студентов также показал, что побудительными стимулами проявления познавательной, действенной и творческой активности студентов являются: желание выполнять именно это задание; желание узнавать и осваивать новое; трудность задания, превышающего уровень сложности предыдущих учебных задач; поддержка в разрешении сложных моментов со стороны преподавателя. Эти стимулы способствовали вызову заинтересованности, активности, целеустремлённости процесса познания — в данном случае развитию практических лечебных навыков, освоению нового материала, для которого мобилизовались волевые качества и способности студента.
ЖАДИД МАКТАБЛАРИДА ҒАЗАЛ ЎҚИТИШ ТАЖРИБАЛАРИ ҲАҚИДА
Authors: TUXLIEVA Dilfuza
Published: September 2021

Миллий методикамиз узоқ ривожланиш йўлини босиб ўтди. Бу йўлда бой тажрибалар тўпланди. Улардаги энг устувор жиҳатлардан бири — таълим ва тарбиянинг уйғунлигига эришишга асосланганлигидир. Айни мана шу жиҳатнинг мунтазам ва узлуксизлиги таълим-тарбия жараёнининг кафолатланишини таъминлаган эди. Шунга қарамай, бу ривожланиш бир текисда кечган эмас: ушбу жараёнда кўплаб ўзгаришлар, янгиланишлар, хато ва камчиликлар ҳам учрайди. Ушбу силсилада мумтоз жанрлар тизими, хусусан, ғазал жанрини ўрганиш ҳам алоҳида, ўзига хос ўринга эга. Зеро, ғазал ўтмиш мумтоз адабиётимиздаги энг фаол ва оммавий жанрлардан. Шунга кўра, у қадимдан нафақат миллий методикамизнинг, балки миллий таълим-тарбия жараёнининг ҳам ажралмас қисмига айланиб улгурган. Ушбу мақолада жадидчилик ҳаракатининг йирик намояндалари Мунавварқори Абдурашидхонов, Абдурауф Фитрат ва Абдулла Авлонийнинг янги усулдаги мактаблар учун ёзилган дарслик ва ўқув қўлланмалари, илмий-танқидий мақолаларига таяниб, ХХ аср бошларидаги мактабда ғазал жанрини ўқитишга оид тажриба ва қарашлар таҳлил этилган. Уларнинг ўз давридаги дарслик ва ўқув қўлланмалари учун ўқитиш воситалари, жумладан, ғазалларни танлашдаги принциплари, ўқитишда қўллаган усуллари ўрганилиб, бу борадаги ҳаракатларнинг илмий-методик баҳосини беришга ҳаракат қилинган. Шунингдек, мазкур усулларнинг бугунги замонавий адабий таълимдаги ўрни ва аҳамияти қиёслаб кўрсатилган.
ИММЕРСИВНАЯ ЖУРНАЛИСТИКА — ЖУРНАЛИСТИКА ЦИФРОВОГО ПОКОЛЕНИЯ
Authors: SAIDOVA Mukhayo
Published: September 2021

В мире идет активное освоение новых цифровых технологий в области журналистики. Узбекистан не отстает от международных тенденций и активно осваивает эту сферу. Цифровые медиатехнологии страны более мобильны, востребованны, чем другие области медиаиндустрии. Известно, что эффективность использования современных технологий в таких областях, как архитектура, промышленность, производство, повышает маркетинговую активность вузов. В статье рассматривается вопрос возможности и перспективы VRтехнологий по научным исследованиям зарубежных ученых в области цифровых медиа. Автор данной статьи рассматривает интерпретацию теоретических подходов к иммерсивной журналистике зарубежных ученых. Существует много способов достижения эффекта погружения. Одним из них является применение технологий виртуального мира, то есть погружение в среду виртуальной жизни. Технологии виртуализации имеют историю в несколько десятилетий. В статье рассматриваются результаты научных исследований, которые показывают, что иммерсивная журналистика является эффективным направлением развития журналистики в целом. Автор подчеркивает необходимость уделять серьезное внимание подготовке специалистов в этом направлении. В статье утверждается, что исследования показывают последствия виртуальной реальности и ее «погружение» в сознание человека, положительные результаты которого требуют введения в их применение определенных этических норм. Также VRтехнология как основополагающая среда нового направления в журналистике является главным объектом изучения с теоретической, практической и психологической точек зрения, которые необходимо анализировать в отечественных научных исследованиях
ЖАНР РОМАН ВОСПИТАНИЯ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ МЕТОДОЛОГИИ АНАЛИЗА
Authors: MAKHMUDOVA Nargiza
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена изучению проблемных аспектов методологии анализа жанра роман воспитания. Жанр романа воспитания в его классическом проявлении — это история о поэтапном физиологическом развитии и психологическом формировании сознания персонажа мужчины или женщины, начиная с раннего детства и заканчивая зрелостью или же периодом, когда персонаж находит своё место в обществе. События, препятствия и окружение оказывают воспитывающее воздействие на процесс становления личности главного литературного персонажа. Для классической разновидности жанра романа характерно выполнение положительной программы героя. Материалами исследования статьи служат литературоведческие словари и энциклопедии, ряд трудов литературных критиков, а также ряд художественных произведений. Цель работы — выявить основные литературные явления, связанные с методологией анализа жанра. В ходе работы были рассмотрены и проанализированы следующие вопросы: многозначность и неопределённость термина; художественный метод писателя; тип романа по гендерной принадлежности героя; национальное своеобразие жанра; определение границ жанра; методологические подходы разных литературоведческих школ. В статье также приводится классификация английского романа воспитания, которая включает следующие разновидности романа: 1) ранние/просветительские романы воспитания; 2) классические романы воспитания; 3) философские романы воспитания (philosophical bildungsroman); 4) двойной роман воспитания (double Bildungsroman); 5) исторический роман воспитания; 6) роман карьеры; 7) феминный роман воспитания; 8) романы о художнике (тема творческого развития); 9) роман воспитания «шиворот- навыворот», или антироман воспитания; 10) роман о воспитании чувств.
ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕКСТ КАК ФЕНОМЕН КУЛЬТУРЫ
Authors: ASHUROVA Delyaram
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматривается проблема взаимодействия языка и культуры в художественном тексте. Цель статьи – обосновать концепцию художественного текста как уникального явления культуры, что предполагает постановку и решение следующих задач: а) обоснование возможных корреляций между стилистически маркированной и культурно-значимой лексикой; б) определение системы культурно-маркированных языковых единиц, функционирующих в художественном тексте; в) определение роли образных средств в передаче культурной информации; г) рассмотрение дистинктивных признаков концептуальной метафоры в художественном тексте; д) изучение особенностей функционирования культурных концептов в художественном тексте. В результате проведенного исследования были сделаны следующие выводы: 1) художественный текст как отражение национальной картины мира как «субъективный образ объективного мира» представляет собой синергетическое единство языка – культуры – личности; 2) своеобразие культурной информации художественного текста проявляется в тесном взаимодействии элементов общечеловеческого, национально-специфического и индивидуально-авторского опыта и культуры; 3) культурологический анализ художественного текста предполагает выявление системы культурно-маркированных языковых единиц, совокупность и взаимодействие которых формирует лингвокультурологическое пространство всего текста. К таким единицам относятся: безэквивалентная лексика, интертекстуальные включения, мифологемы, религиозномаркированная лексика, фразеологические единицы, образные средства, стилистические приёмы, культурные лингвоконцепты; 4) между стилистической маркированностью и культурной значимостью языковых единиц прослеживаются определенные корреляции, обусловленные соотнесенностью с человеком, его мировоззрением, социальной и культурной деятельностью; 5) стилистические приёмы, представленные образными и пропозициональными схемами, функционируют в художественном тексте в качестве культурных моделей, транслирующих культурно значимую информацию; 6) концептуальная метафора в художественном тексте в отличие от конвенциональной характеризуется определенными отличиями: а) соотнесенностью с концептуальной и культурологической информацией всего текста; б) обширной сетью контекстуальных, межконцептуальных, коннотативных и ассоциативных связей; в) способностью выступать в качестве концептуально-смыслового центра, объединяющего все элементы текста в единый многомерный концепт.
ФОНОСТИЛИСТИКА: РОЖДЕНИЕ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ, ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ,
ТИПОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗНООБРАЗИЕ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЯ
Authors: SAPAROVA Kunduz , DZHUSUPOV Mahanbet
Published: September 2021

В статье раскрываются основы фоностилистики, или звуковой стилистики, заложенные в работе Н.С. Трубецкого «Основы фонологии». Анализируя такие составные части воспринимаемой звучащей речи, как тон голоса, средства вызывания у слушателя тех или иных чувств, признаки, по которым опознаются слова с определенным значением, а также состоящие из этих слов предложения, Н.С. Трубецкой выделяет три плоскости (три плана) звучащей речи: плоскость выражения; плоскость обращения; плоскость сообщения. На фоне экспликативной фонологии, которая традиционно исследует плоскость (план) сообщения звучащей речи, ученый предлагает дифференциацию двух новых аспектов фонологии: экспрессивной фонологии и апеллятивной фонологии, которые будут являться двумя частями особой науки — звуковой стилистики. Фоностилистика подразделяется на сегментную и суперсегментную (просодическую), которые в разносистемных языках имеют свои особенности, обусловленные позиционными, комбинаторными свойствами фонем (или сингармофонем в тюрских языках), а также характером просодической доминанты слова (акцент, сингармонизм, тон и др.). В частности, слова в некоторых тюрских языках могут быть лингволабиосингармоническими и делятся на сингармолингволабиотвердые и сингармолингволабиомягкие. Такие сингармонические особенности слов в тюркских языках (в данной работе показаны на примере казахского языка) являются причиной порождения сингармофоновариантов слов, которые в свою очередь определяют сегментную (сингармофонема, сингармослово) и суперсегментную стилистическую, а также орфографическую специфику данных языков.
Factores de riesgo maternos asociados a retinopatía del prematuro
Authors: Portillo Sosa Nulvi Stefanni
Published: September 2021

OBJETIVO: describir los factores de riesgo maternos asociados a retinopatía del prematuro (ROP).  MÉTODO: se recopiló información en Pubmeed, Cochrane, revistas, libros, se encontraron metaanálisis, artículos y guías sobre ROP. RESULTADOS: la edad materna tuvo una relación estadística en estudios anteriores con un valor P:<0.04,  un estudio en Perú mostr 20.6% de los pacientes hijos de madres preclamticas desarrollo ROP, hijos de madres con diabetes mellitus (DM) también mostraron mayor incidencia, el tabaquismo aumento el VEGP/PEDF y por tanto mayor incidencia de ROP, el conteo elevado de glóbulos blancos tuvo un OR: 4.37 y un valor P:0.019 siendo significativo, en otro estudio un 26.4% de las mamas con anemia por deficiencia de hierro presentaron ROP. CONCLUSIÓN: se describe asociación estadística a ROP en los factores biológicos, obstétricos, patológicos y psicosociales. Se identifica a la edad materna como un factor de riesgo biológico indirecto; al tabaquismo como un factor de riesgo psicosocial; la hipertensión durante el embarazo, la DM, ITU, anemia por deficiencia de hierro y el aumento del recuento de glóbulos blancos como factores de riesgo patológicos; por último, a la edad gestacional, RTIU, RPMO, vía de resolución del parto, concepción asistida y corioamnionitis como factores de riesgo obstétricos.
Land Suitability and Agricultural Technology for Rice Cultivation on Tidal Lowland Reclamation in South Sumatra
Authors: Imanudin Momon Sodik , Sulistiyani Probowati , Armanto M Edi , Madjid A , Saputra Anton
Published: September 2021

Tidal lowland is one of the potential lands for agriculture that is found very widely in coastal areas of South Sumatra. There are about 400,000 hectares (ha) was reclaimed for agriculture purpose. However, in many parts, the rice production is still low (<3 ton/ha), mainly in the high part of hydrotopography class (Type C) that the tidewater could not possibly irrigate the land.  This study aimed to evaluate the level of actual and potential suitability of tidal swamps for rice plants. This research has been carried out in Bandar Jaya Village, Air Sugihan Subdistrict, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. This research used a survey level method with very detailed (intensive) with a scale of 1:6,000 covering a research area of 16 ha. The results showed that actual suitability for rice plants in the study site is N-n with an area of 5 ha and N-f, n with an area of 11 ha with limiting factors of soil pH and P nutrient. The potential land suitability class for rice plants in the study location is S3-n with an area of 5 ha and S3-f, n with an area of 11 ha. Land quality improvement was done by using the lime application and control water table at a depth of at least 10 cm from the soil surface during rice growth.  Rainwater should be retained in the tertiary block as much as possible to fulfill crop water requirements. Setting the planting time (November-January) and balanced fertilization will be able to increase the land suitability class to S1 (highly suitable).
Effectivity of Bacillus thuringiensis from Soil in Freshwater Swamps against Epilachna sp. Larvae
Authors: Pujiastuti Yulia , Indriani Erni , Muslim A , Irsan Chandra , Arsi Arsi
Published: September 2021

Bacillus thuringiensis is an entomopathogenic bacterium isolated from the soil and  has been widely used as an active ingredient in the manufacture of bioinsecticides. The target insects are very specific and depend on the type of protein content. Epilachna sp. are important insect pests because both larvae and adults as plant-eating pests. The research aimed was to investigate the effectivity  of  B. thuringiensis against the larvae of Epilachna sp.. B. thuringiensis- bio-insecticide was prepared using isolates originally from freshwater swamp soil of South Sumatra (SMR04). Epilachna sp larvae were mass-reared with Solanum torvum leaf feed in the laboratory. The design used was a completely randomized design, with 6 treatments and 5 replications. Treatments were spore concentration contained in the bioinsecticide solution included: 1 x 108, 1 x 107, 1 x 106, 1 x 105 spores/mL, commercial bio-insecticide and without treatment as a control. Each replication used 10 individual of the 2nd larvae. Statistical test results showed larval mortality in B. thuringiensis treatment was significantly different from commercial bio-insecticide treatment. The highest mortality of bio-insecticide treatment occurred at a concentration of 108 spores/ml (40.00 %) and the lowest was at a concentration of 105 spores/mL (18.01 %). The lowest LT50 value of bio-insecticide treatment was at a concentration of 108 spores/mL, namely 79.37 hours. The control of larvae included in the Coleoptera order was still not satisfactory yet, considering the presence of protein content in B. thuringiensis strain SMR04 which did not match the type of protein required.
Cultivation and Farming Analysis of Red Chili Intercropping with Celery
Authors: Edi Syafri , Suharyon Suharyon
Published: September 2021

Intercropping is an alternative that should be developed especially to make maximum use of the land. Aromatic plants such as celery contain essential oils which, among other things, act as pest repellents. Therefore, celery plants can be used as a way of controlling pests by intercropping with chili plants as the main crop. This study aimed to determine the cultivation technology and analysis of the intercropping farming of red chilies with celery at the farmer level. The research was conducted at the Mekar Sari Farmer Group, Paal Merah Village, Paal Merah District, Jambi City, Jambi Province in October 2018. The data collected included primary data in the form of information from farmers as well as secondary data and conditions of the research area, social and economic potential. Primary data were collected using survey techniques, namely interviews with farmers and key information using a questionnaire. Samples were randomly assigned to a population of 15 farmer cooperator farmers who were intercropping red chili and celery at the study site. The data analysis technique included tabulation analysis which was used to understand the farmers' financial farming conditions, and the economic feasibility analysis uses the R/C ratio. The results of the research on the intercropping of red chili and celery, without considering the labor costs in the family, showed that this business was profitable with a total profit of 20,553,500,-IDR This farming has benefited from the production of celery as much as 405 kg, production of red chilies as much as 585 kg, and BEP prices of 15,495,-IDR/kg of celery and 14,143,-IDR/kg of red chilies. The R/C ratio value of 2.
THE STRATEGIC CONSEQUENCES OF INDIA’S COVID-19 CRISIS ON INDIA-CHINA TRADE AFTER GALWAN SKIRMISH
Authors: Dr. Anita Kumari
Published: September 2021

The magnitude of the second one wave of India’s coronavirus surge became an increasing number of clear to the world, U.S. policymakers soon started to comprehend the strategic implications of India’s national trauma.U.S. President and his top officials publicly pledged their commitments to ship medical supplies, which include oxygen, vaccine materials, and therapeutics to India, while looking for additional approaches to deal with India’s crisis.COVID-19 already inflicted a crushing blow to India’s economy closing 12 months. A countrywide lockdown instituted via prime Minister Narendra Modi at the early levels of the worldwide pandemic was meant to alleviate the stresses on Indian’s insufficient healthcare system, however it also brought a 24 percentage contraction in the economy and led millions of migrant day workers to flee India’s towns for lack of work. thru the late fall and wintry weather, it seemed that by some means India might break out the worst of the pandemic, but that hope has now been dashed by a devastating combination of new viral strains and inadequate public health preparations. India now faces this wave of the virus exhausted and depleted. China–India relations, also referred to as Sino–Indo relations or Indian–chinese relations, refers back to the bilateral relationship between the humans’s Republic of China and the Rebublic of India. despite the fact that the relationship has been cordial, there were border disputes. The current relationship started out in 1950 whilst India turned into many of the first countries to end formal ties with the Republic of China (Taiwan) and understand the human beings’s Republic of China because the valid government of Mainland China. China and India are the two of the principal regional powers in Asia, and are two of the most populous countries and quickest growing primary economies in the global. boom in diplomatic and financial influence has increased the importance of their bilateral courting.
KEY WORDS: India, China, Magnitude, China-India trade, trade warfare, composition of economy,
Migration Attractivity of Towns in the CSR and Its Specific Motives
Authors: Drbohlav Dušan
Published: September 2021

The paper treats of individual regional centres, i. e. towns in the CSR with more than 10 thousand inhabitants, and elucidates reasons why in the seventies or at the beginning of the eighties they were attractive or unattractive from the viewpoint of migration.
Administrative Reforms in Some European Countries and Their Geographical Prospects
Authors: Vidláková Olga , Zářecký Pavel
Published: September 2021

The paper deals with the problems of public administration reforms in European countries. This phenomenon is complex in its very nature and asks for an integrated approach of more disciplines. In this process an important role rests with the geography, especially what is called administrative geography. The relationship between territory and administration is argued on the example of administrative reforms in several European countries, such as the Netherlands, Finland, Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary and Poland.
The Effect of Transformational Leadership on the Organizational Performance in Higher Education Institutions in Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Waham Mohammed , Abdul Rahman Rafiduraida , Wan Mustaffa Wan Salmuni
Published: September 2021

Higher education institutions in Iraq faces numerous issues which affected the performance of teaching staff and education quality. Thus, a university needs effective leaders who can inspire the teaching staff and drive transformation in the whole education process. Transformational leaders establish a vision to deliver transformation and change by motivating and inspiring followers. This study aims to identify the influence of transformational leadership on the organisational performance of Iraqi universities. 387 academic staff were sampled from five universities in Iraq and surveyed by using self-administered questionnaire. Structural equation modelling (SEM) and regression analysis were used to analyse the data. The result showed that transformational leadership has a significant effect on organisational performance. Therefore, a university should consider transformational leadership as a critical leadership quality in designing training programs and developing future recruitment policies.
Pursuing PERMA in a Pandemic: Reflections on a Socially-Distanced Advising Session
Authors: Walters Jason R.
Published: September 2021

Drawing on transcribed excerpts, this reflection describes an online advising session conducted by the author, a full-time EFL lecturer and developing language learning advisor, with a language learner attending a private Japanese university. This follows from a previous advising session conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and explores the impact of the pandemic on the learner’s reported motivation. The advisor engages with the advisee to identify obstacles to motivation and other essential elements of overall well-being and is required to adapt after recognizing that a prepared advising tool is poorly suited to the advisee’s needs. Together, the pair identifies an opportunity to create positive associations between language learning and the advisee’s gaming hobby. The author experiences a greater sense of authenticity in the advisor role after considering the needs of his advisee via his existing research interest in positive psychology.
A Reflection on the Two-year Progress of Peer Advisor-led Events for Promoting Collaboration among Students
Authors: Takahashi Yusei , Fukumura Rio
Published: September 2021

The authors work in the Self-Access Learning Center (SALC) at our university as student staff. Specifically, our role is as Peer Advisors (PAs), and we have supported students by having advising sessions and events related to self-directed learning. In this article, we focus on an event that PAs have organized for two years and reflect on the progress. In particular, differences between the physical and online versions of the event are mainly discussed in terms of the number of participants, topics for each session and the method for event promotion. At the end of the article, each of our personal reflections is introduced.
FACTORS INFLUENCING CONTRACEPTIVE USE AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF PRODUCTIVE AGE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Nurrizka Rahmah Hida , Feda Anisah Makiyah  , Agustina
Published: September 2021

Indonesia is facing a serious health issue as the total fertility rate (TFR) has significantly  increased in the period of 2000-2017. Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) is stagnant in the same period. This study aims to assess the use of contraception in reproductive age-married women in Indonesia focusing on Contraceptive Use Mix (CUM) and other related factors. This cross-sectional study used raw data from the Indonesian National Socio-Economic Survey (INSES). The sample was 15-49 years married women with contraceptive use in 34 provinces in Indonesia. Total sample were 19,991 women. The results show that modern contraceptive use was 97.2% as opposed to traditional methods (2.8%). The Short-Acting Reversible Contraceptive (SARC) preferred was injectable methods (55.2%) and pills (21.0%). Factors influenced the use of modern contraceptive use was the number of children with OR = 1.864 (50%CI: 1.534-2.266). This research argues that contraceptive use among married women of productive age is still low in Indonesia, especially rural areas. Therefore, government must increase contraceptive financing and the village midwife program.
Benedita, Negrinha e Siquê: Infância domesticada e subalterna na literatura brasileira
Authors: Gonzaga Costa Tavares Maria Lucilena
Published: September 2021

A presença dos subalternos e agregados na literatura tem sido de extrema importância para mensurarmos o quanto perduram na sociedade brasileira traços e costumes dos antigos colonizadores europeus. Nesse sentido, abordamos os contos O Crime do Tapuio, de José Veríssimo e Negrinha de Monteiro Lobato, a fim de demonstrar como tais narrativas são reveladores das formas de opressão e maus tratos às meninas agregadas das famílias brasileiras, fato reiterado no poema “Cunhantã”, de Manuel Bandeira. Vários autores como HOLANDA (2014), SCHWARZ (2014) e PRIORE (2014) coadunam com a assertiva a respeito do caráter social e explorador de nossa gente.
Benevolência trágica: o conto de uma casa brasileira
Authors: Negreiros Carmem
Published: September 2021

O artigo propõe pensar as criadas, ou empregadas domésticas, representadas na Literatura Brasileira a partir de exemplos extraídos de textos contemporâneos em perspectiva comparada com a pesquisa da coleção Retalhos e o conto O filho da Gabriela, ambos de Afonso Henriques Lima Barreto (1881-1922). Entre as questões em debate, estão a tensão casa e rua, a ambiguidade entre benevolência e domínio, junto à interseccionalidade de raça, gênero e classe na elaboração das personagens femininas. Todos temas presentes no conto, gênero que permite contar a trama intrincada da cultura brasileira enquanto relata a história de uma criada e seu filho.
Sena & Sophia: centenários, organizado por Gilda Santos, Luci Ruas e Teresa Cristina Cerdeira
Authors: Genelhu Fagundes Mônica
Published: September 2021

Livro resenhado:

SANTOS, Gilda; RUAS, Luci; CERDEIRA, Teresa Cristina (org.). Sena & Sophia: centenários. 1ª ed. Rio de Janeiro: Bazar do Tempo, 2020.
Pandeminin Gebeler Üzerine Psikolojik Etkileri: Bir Gözden Geçirme
Authors: KOPARAL Buket , HOCAOGLU Cicek
Published: September 2021

Coronavirüs enfeksiyonu (COVID-19) dünyada giderek yayılarak, bir pandemiye dönüşmüştür. Hızlı yayılması, bir tedavisinin olmaması, ölümcül olması hastalığın yarattığı etkiyi arttırmaktadır. En çok etkilenen yaş grubunun üreme çağındaki kadınları içeren yaş grubu olması gebelikte hastalığın seyri, anne ve bebek açısından neler yapılabileceğini önemli hale getirmiştir. Gebelik kadınları viral enfeksiyona karşı savunmasız hale getiren, bağışıklık sisteminde kısmi baskılanmaya sebep olan bir süreçtir. Gebelikte viral enfeksiyonların morbidite ve mortalitesi genel toplum oranlarından daha yüksektir. Gebelerin hastalıklara karşı gebe olmayanlara göre daha duyarlı olmaları, benzer virüsler olan SARS-CoV ve MERS-CoV enfeksiyonlarının gebelerde yarattığı yüksek ölüm oranları yüzünden şüpheli ya da enfekte gebelerin yönetiminin bu konuda yetkin bir multidisipliner ekip tarafından yapılmasını gerektirmektedir. COVID-19 gebelerde ciddi maternal ve fetal olumsuz sonuçlara yol açabilir. COVID-19 salgının gebeler üzerine etkisi ve maternal-fetal komplikasyonları ile ilgili veriler giderek artmakta birlikte, henüz yeterli düzeyde kanıt bulunmamaktadır. COVID-19 salgını tüm gebe kadınlarda doğal olarak hem gebelikleri ile ilgili, hem de bebeklerinin virüsten etkilenmesi ile ilgili önemli korku, endişe ve stresse sebep olmaktadır. Yapılan bir ön çalışmada erken gebelik haftalarında COVID-19 pandemisinin gebelerde anksiyete ve depresyon oranını arttırdığı gösterilmiştir. Gebelerde oluşması muhtemel daha fazla stres, korku ve endişenin sebep olabileceği maternal ve fetal komplikasyonları önlemek daha da önem kazanmaktadır. Gebelikte komplikasyonlar, ekonomik zorluklar ve destek eksikliği ile sosyal izolasyon, geçmişte veya halihazırda psikiyatrik hastalığı olanlar ve pozitif aile öyküsü olanlar daha büyük risk altındadır. Uygun sağlık ve sosyal bakıma erişimin kısıtlanması, mevcut yüksek olan kaygı düzeylerini de daha da artıracaktır. Doğum öncesi psikolojik belirtiler, düşük ve erken doğum dahil olmak üzere obstetrik komplikasyon riskini artırabilir. Bu yazıda pandeminin gebeler üzerinde olan etkileri literatür bulguları ışığında ele alınacaktır.
EFFECT OF MOISTURE ON NITROGEN DIOXIDE FORMATION IN LAMINAR FLAME OF NATURAL GAS
Authors: Sigal Aleksandr , Paderno Dmitri
Published: September 2021

The paper contains the results of experimental studies of the effect of moisture on nitrogen dioxide formation and on oxidation of NO to NO2 in laminar premixed flame of natural gas. The water vapor is shown to be the third very influential participant, along with fuel and oxidizer, in the combustion process. Injection of moisture into the combustion zone has an effect due to the insertion of additional quantities of HO2- and OH– radicals into the process, which contributes to the intensification of the oxidation of NO to NO2. Introduction of the concept of the “excess moisture ratio” in the combustion process is proposed. The studies were executed at the laboratory installation in conditions of formation of the V-shaped laminar flame of natural gas behind a transverse cylindrical steel stabilizer, with determining the concentrations of flue gas components.
The Remnant and Origin of the Historical Supernova 1181 AD
Authors: Ritter Andreas , Parker Quentin A. , Lykou Foteini , Zijlstra Albert A. , Guerrero Martín A. , Le Dû Pascal
Published: September 2021

The guest star of AD 1181 is the only historical supernova of the past millennium that is without a definite counterpart. The previously proposed association with supernova remnant G130.7+3.1 (3C 58) is in strong doubt because of the inferred age of this remnant. Here we report a new identification of SN 1181 with our codiscovery of the hottest known Wolf–Rayet star of the oxygen sequence (IRAS 00500+6713 or 2MASS J00531123+6730023, here named by us as “Parker's star”) and its surrounding nebula Pa 30. Our spectroscopy of the nebula shows a fast shock with extreme velocities of ≈1100 km s−1. The derived expansion age of the nebula implies an explosive event ≈1000 yr ago that agrees with the 1181 event. The on-sky location also fits the historical Chinese and Japanese reports of SN 1181 to within 3.°5. Pa 30 and Parker’s star have previously been proposed to be the result of a double-degenerate merger, leading to a rare Type Iax supernova. The likely historical magnitude and the distance suggest the event was subluminous for normal supernova. This agrees with the proposed Type Iax association that would also be only the second of its kind in the Galaxy. Taken together, the age, location, event magnitude, and duration elevate Pa 30 to prime position as the counterpart of SN 1181. This source is the only Type Iax supernova where detailed studies of the remnant star and nebula are possible. It provides strong observational support for the double-degenerate merger scenario for Type Iax supernovae.
Space Systems as the Weakest Link
Authors: Dygnatowski Sławomir
Published: September 2021

Although it is widely believed that the space sector is one of the pillars of national security, in practice cosmic systems exist somewhat outside the area of critical infra-structures discussion. Cybersecurity of space systems does not differ significantly from industrial cybersecurity, however, the uniqueness of the sector and space technologies means that its vulnerability to digital incidents depends on a number of factors that does not occur anywhere else. The purpose of the article is to defend the thesis that space systems are the weakest link in critical infrastructure systems, because the level of their cybersecurity is still disproportionate to the level of their technological ad-vancement.
Un acte d'amour paradoxal
Authors: Altoe Sonia , Coutinho Jorge Marco Antonio
Published: September 2021

L’auteur, professeur à l’université de l’État de Rio de Janeiro (Brésil), part de la discussion entre Freud et Ferenczi sur la pulsion de mort et ses conséquences pour le sujet. Elle va illustrer ce propos théorique par le cas poignant d’une jeune mère mineure qui révèle assez vite que son père est aussi le propre père de son bébé, lequel est en train de mourir par manque d’affection, de soin et d’attention de la part de la jeune maman. Les séances de cure psychanalytique permettront à la maman de verbaliser ce qu’elle a vécu dans la relation d’inceste forcée avec le père, de comprendre qu’elle n’arrivera pas à élever elle-même son enfant et que, malgré sa douleur de se séparer de lui, elle admettra de le proposer en adoption. Ici l’acte courageux de séparation du bébé d’avec la mère biologique est ce qui lui permet de vivre et de grandir dans une autre famille.
Crise identitaire et investissement universitaire. Un étudiant en prison
Authors: Salane Fanny
Published: September 2021

Par leur arrestation et leur incarcération, les personnes deviennent des « détenus » et perdent toute identité alternative. À cette réduction, cette perte identitaire, s’ajoute la nécessité pour elles de s’adapter à un contexte nouveau. Tout ceci les amène à traverser ce que nous nommerons une « crise identitaire » et à devoir, pour certains, redéfinir leur identité. L’objectif de l’article est alors de comprendre comment les études s’insèrent dans ce processus d’inflexion voire de rupture biographiques. Il se penchera plus précisément sur la trajectoire d’une personne détenue, en mettant en lumière les conditions spécifiques qui ont abouti à la mise en place d’une véritable conversion identitaire chez cet étudiant.
L'éducation face aux besoins éducatifs spéciaux. Crisis ou katastroph ế ?
Authors: d'Onofrio Anna
Published: September 2021

La crise peut être définie comme un changement nécessaire et inéluctable. On peut l’interpréter comme événement inopportun et négatif, mais aussi comme katastrophê positive qui nous conduit vers une société -différente et meilleure- habitée par le respect réciproque et par une démocratie répandue. Les nouveaux défis de l’École confient aux Sciences de l’éducation et à ses pratiques didactiques- en synergie réciproque - le devoir de nous guider au-delà de la Crise et de rendre chaque éducateur capable de « projectualités » nouvelles.
Ubiquitous Technologies and Learning
Authors: Adjin-Tettey Theodora Dame , Selormey Daniel , Nkansah Hannah Aku
Published: September 2021

This study makes an original contribution to the literature on social media usage for learning purposes through the phenomenological approach of enquiry. It examined the general motivations for social media usage; how social media is used to meet academic needs; perceived academic benefits; and how social media usage disrupts studies. A total of 24 undergraduate students were engaged in rigorous focus group discussions. Results showed that social media has been adapted to suit the academic needs of users through the process of appropriation. It was found that although social media could be a viable platform for inter-university-collaborative-learning, respondents hardly engaged in that. It was suggested that students create inter-university social media groups for collaborative learning. There were accounts of negative implications of using social media, like addiction and distractions. Students must adopt tactics to handle distractions which could prove helpful in out-of-school settings like the workplace.
Educationalizing Instagram for Virtual Instruction in COVID-19
Authors: Ghobrini Rafik El Amine , Benzert Fatima Zohra , Balas Meriem
Published: September 2021

Learning through social media platforms is a nascent pedagogy that opens up new virtual online e-instructional modalities and avenues to be explored especially in these challenging emergency times of COVID-19. This research focuses on a self-directed initiative of a math teacher who taught her students in an open virtual class via Instagram. This study explores how the main features of Instagram -inherently used as social interaction platform - were maximized for educational purposes. It also investigates the effects, be they positive or negative, on the learning-teaching process in terms of engagement and communication. For this, a mixed-method sequential exploratory design was opted for to conduct the study which surveyed 100 students across 22 different high schools who took part in the virtual open math classes. The findings highlight the different patterns of Instagram use and platform features that lend this social media website the requisite feasibility to educationalize it. Furthermore, the results reveal both the favourable and disadvantageous aspects of Instagram.
A case of Proteus syndrome with a large atrial septal defect
Authors: Kariyawasam J. P. , Kankananarachchi I. , Naotunna C. , Wakwella H. C. , Gunawardane T. P. J. , Gunasekara C.
Published: September 2021

No abstract available
Macrophage-Derived Osteopontin Influences the Amplification of Cryptococcus neoformans–Promoting Type 2 Immune Response
Authors: Hansakon Adithap , Png Chin Wen , Zhang Yongliang , Angkasekwinai Pornpimon
Published: September 2021

A multifunctional glycoprotein, osteopontin (OPN), can modulate the function of macrophages, resulting in either protective or deleterious effects in various inflammatory diseases and infection in the lungs. Although macrophages play the critical roles in mediating host defenses against cryptococcosis or cryptococcal pathogenesis, the involvement of macrophage-derived OPN in pulmonary infection caused by fungus Cryptococcus has not been elucidated. Thus, our current study aimed to investigate the contribution of OPN to the regulation of host immune response and macrophage function using a mouse model of pulmonary cryptococcosis. We found that OPN was predominantly expressed in alveolar macrophages during C. neoformans infection. Systemic treatment of OPN during C. neoformans infection resulted in an enhanced pulmonary fungal load and an early onset of type 2 inflammation within the lung, as indicated by the increase of pulmonary eosinophil infiltration, type 2 cytokine production, and M2-associated gene expression. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas9–mediated OPN knockout murine macrophages had enhanced ability to clear the intracellular fungus and altered macrophage phenotype from pathogenic M2 to protective M1. Altogether, our data suggested that macrophage-derived OPN contributes to the elaboration of C. neoformans–induced type 2 immune responses and polarization of M2s that promote fungal survival and proliferation within macrophages.
Cutaneous manifestation of polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Abusailik Mohammad A. , Muhanna Alsharif M. , Almuhisen Adam A. , Alhasanat Abdullah M. , Alshamaseen Ayed M. , Bani Mustafa Safa M. , Nawaiseh Mohammed B.
Published: September 2021

The aim of this cross-sectional study, that included 146 polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, was to evaluate the prevalence, severity and pattern of cutaneous manifestation in Jordanian women with PCOS, as well as their correlation with hormonal abnormalities. A thorough complete cutaneous examination, hormonal assays (Luteinizing hormone [LH], follicle stimulating hormone [FSH], prolactin, total testosterone, free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) and pelvic ultrasonography were done. The most common cutaneous features of PCOS were acne vulgaris (75.3%) followed by hirsutism (59.6%) then seborrhea (43.2%) and androgenetic alopecia (42.5%). Patients who had acne vulgaris presented at a younger age than patients who did not. Patients who had androgenetic alopecia and stria were older than patients with no such features. Moreover, all cutaneous manifestations of PCOS, except for acne, were associated with higher body mass index (BMI). Elevated LH:FSH ratio of more than 2:1 was the most common hormonal abnormality, followed by increased LH and total testosterone. Acne, hirsutism, androgenetic alopecia, seborrhea, acanthosis nigricans and skin tags are common cutaneous manifestations among Jordanian patients with PCOS. The existence of one or more of these features, especially in overweight and obese patients, should alert the physician towards the possibility of having PCOS.
Diagnostic accuracy and feasibility of portable sleep monitoring in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: Re-exploring the utility in the current COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gupta Mansi , Ish Pranav , Chakrabarti Shibdas , Sen Manas Kamal , Mishra Prabhakar , Suri Jagdish Chander
Published: September 2021

Portable sleep monitoring (PSM) is a promising alternative diagnostic tool for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) especially in high burden resource limited settings. We aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy and feasibility of PSM device-based studies in patients presenting for evaluation of OSA at a tertiary care hospital in North-India. PSM studies (using a Type-III PSM device) were compared for technical reliability and diagnostic accuracy with the standard laboratory-based Type-I polysomnography (PSG). Patients were also interviewed about their experience on undergoing an unsupervised PSM studies. Fifty patients (68% males) were enrolled in the study, of which only 30% patients expressed their concerns about undergoing unsupervised PSM studies which included safety issues, ease of use, diagnostic accuracy, etc. Technical acceptability criteria were easily met by the PSM studies with signal loss in 12% studies (complete data loss and inaccessible data in 6% studies), warranting repetition sleep studies in four patients. The overall sensitivity of PSM device (AHI ≥5) was 93.5% (area under curve; AUC: 0.87). The diagnostic accuracy was 68.5%, 80%, and 91.4% for mild, moderate, and severe cases of OSA, respectively. An overall strong correlation was observed between PSM-AHI (apnoea-hypopnoea index) and PSG (r>0.85, p≤0.001), especially in severe OSA. The observed sensitivity was >90% for AHI>20 (clinically significant OSA), with high specificity of 91% for severe OSA (AUC: 0.94, 0.97 for AHI>20, AHI>30 respectively). The overall Bland-Altman concordance analysis also demonstrated only a small dispersion for PSM studies with a Cronbach’s coefficient of 0.95. Therefore, there is good diagnostic accuracy as well as feasibility of home-based portable sleep studies in Indian patients. It can be promoted for widespread use in high burden countries like India for diagnosing and managing appropriately selected stable patients with high clinical probability of OSA, especially during the ongoing crises of COVID-19 pandemic.