bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Versatile implementation of a hardware–software architecture for development and testing of brain–computer interfaces
Authors: Martinez-Ledezma Jorge Antonio , Barron-Zambrano Jose Hugo , Diaz-Manriquez Alan , Elizondo-Leal Juan Carlos , Saldivar-Alonso Vicente Paul , Rostro-Gonzalez Horacio
Published: December 2020

Brain–computer interfaces (BCI) have been focused on improving people’s lifestyles with motor or communication disabilities. However, the utilization of this technology has found news applications, such as increasing human capacities. Nowadays, several researchers are working on probing human capabilities to control several robotic devices simultaneously. The design of BCI is an intricate work that needs a long time to its implementation. For this reason, an architecture to design and implement different types of BCIs is presented in this article. The architecture has a modular design capable of reading various electroencephalography (EEG) sensors and controlling several robotic devices similar to the plug-and-play paradigm. To test the proposed architecture, a BCI was able to manage a hexapod robot and a drone was implemented. Firstly, a mobile robotic platform was designed and implemented. The BCI is based on eye blinking, where a single blinking represents a robot command. The command orders the robot to initiate or stops their locomotion for the hexapod robot. For the drone, a blink represents the takeoff or landing order. The blinking signals are obtained from the prefrontal and frontal regions of the head by EEG sensors. The signals are then filtered using temporal filters, with cutoff frequencies based on delta, theta, alpha, and beta waves. The filtered signals were labeled and used to train a classifier based on the multilayer perceptron (MLP) model. To generate the robot command, the proposal BCI used two models of MLP to ensure the classifier prediction. So, when the two classifiers make the same prediction, within a defined time interval, send the signal to the robot to start or stop its movement. The obtained results show that it is possible to get high precision to control the hexapod robot with a precision of 91.7% and an average of 81.4%.
Transcriptomic profiling of Brassica napus responses to Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Cook Jamie , Douglas Gavin M , Zhang Janie , Glick Bernard R , Langille Morgan G I , Liu Kun-Hsiang , Cheng Zhenyu
Published: December 2020

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen of plants. Unlike the well-characterized plant defense responses to highly adapted bacterial phytopathogens, little is known about plant response to P. aeruginosa infection. In this study, we examined the Brassica napus (canola) tissue-specific response to P. aeruginosa infection using RNA sequencing. Transcriptomic analysis of canola seedlings over a 5 day P. aeruginosa infection revealed that many molecular processes involved in plant innate immunity were up-regulated, whereas photosynthesis was down-regulated. Phytohormones control many vital biological processes within plants, including growth and development, senescence, seed setting, fruit ripening, and innate immunity. The three main phytohormones involved in plant innate immunity are salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and ethylene (ET). Many bacterial pathogens have evolved multiple strategies to manipulate these hormone responses in order to infect plants successfully. Interestingly, gene expression within all three phytohormone (SA, JA, and ET) signaling pathways was up-regulated in response to P. aeruginosa infection. This study identified a unique plant hormone response to the opportunistic bacterial pathogen P. aeruginosa infection.
A comprehensive analysis of microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for asthma
Authors: Xu Li , Yi Minhan , Tan Yun , Yi Zixun , Zhang Yuan
Published: December 2020

Background:

It is unclear whether microRNAs could be a potential diagnostic biomarker for asthma or not. The objective of this study is to figure out the diagnostic value of microRNAs in asthma.

Methods:

Literature retrieval, screening of publications, specific data extraction, and quality evaluation were conducted according to the standard criteria. Stata 14.0 software was used to analyze the diagnostic value of microRNA for asthma, including the combined sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), the area under the curve (AUC), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR).

Results:

A total of 72 studies, containing 4143 cases and 2188 controls, were included for this comprehensive analysis. None of the included publications were rated low in quality. We summarized that, compared with controls, more than 100 miRNAs were reported differently expressed in asthma, although the expression trends were inconsistent. Besides, there were five studies among these 72 articles that applied the diagnostic evaluation of microRNAs in asthma. We found that the pooled Sen, Spe, and AUC for the combination of miR-185-5p, miR-155, let-7a, miR-21, miR-320a, miR-1246, miR-144-5p, and miR-1165-3p in asthma were 0.87 (95%CI: 0.72–0.95), 0.84 (95%CI: 0.74–0.91), and 0.93 (95%CI: 0.89–0.94) individually, and the PLR, NLR, and DOR were 5.5 (95%CI: 3.1–9.7), 0.15 (95%CI: 0.07–0.36), and 35 (95%CI: 10–127) in asthma, respectively. In terms of subgroup analyses, we found that the Sen for these combination miRNAs from serum was higher than that in plasma, while the Spe in plasma worked better than that in serum. Furthermore, compared with children, the combination of above miRNAs from adults had higher Spe and similar Sen.

Conclusions:

From our analysis, the combination of miR-185-5p, miR-155, let-7a, miR-21, miR-320a, miR-1246, miR-144-5p, and miR-1165-3p from peripheral blood could potentially act as a diagnostic biomarker for asthma. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
Improving Hospital Glucometrics, Workflow, and Outcomes with a Computerized Intravenous Insulin Dose Calculator Built into the Electronic Health Record
Authors: Shelden Daniel , Ateya Mohammed , Jensen Angela , Arnold Patrick , Bellomo Tiffany , Gianchandani Roma
Published: December 2020

Objective:

To adjust for dynamic insulin requirements in critically ill patients, intravenous (IV) insulin infusions allow for titration of the dose according to a prespecified algorithm. Despite the adaptability of IV insulin protocols, human involvement in dose calculation allows for error. We integrated a previously validated IV insulin calculator into our electronic health record (Epic) and instituted it in the cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU). We aim to describe the design of the calculator, the implementation process, and evaluate the calculator’s impact.

Method:

Employing an aggressive training program and user acceptance testing prior to significant elbow support at the time of institution, we successfully integrated the insulin calculator in our CVICU. We evaluated the glucometrics before and after implementation as well as nursing satisfaction following calculator implementation.

Results:

Overall, our implementation led to increased frequency of blood sugar at various glycemic targets, a trend toward less hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. For severe hypoglycemia, our preintervention cohort had 0.02% of blood sugars less than 40 mg/dL but no blood sugars less than 40 mg/dL were identified in our patient’s postintervention. For the CVICU target blood glucose of 70-180 mg/dL, 87.97% blood sugars at baseline met goal compared to 91.39% at one month, 91.24% at three months, and 90.87% at six months postintervention.

Conclusion:

By utilizing an aggressive education campaign championing superusers and making adjustments to the calculator based on early problems that were encountered, we were able to improve glycemic control and limit glucose variability at our institution.
Research in the Healthcare Design Practice: Design Practitioners’ Perspective
Authors: Bayramzadeh Sara , Patel Tina
Published: December 2020

Objective:

This study explores design practitioners’ level of knowledge about research, their attitude toward research integration into the design practice, and the barriers to its application in the design process.

Background:

Design practitioners tend to heavily rely on previous design experience and precedents rather than utilization and application of research. Research can facilitate the evaluation and creation of innovative design solutions. Integrating research has been a challenge for the design industry.

Methodology:

The study utilized an online survey to solicit feedback from architects and interior designers in the healthcare sector through a snowball sampling approach. The survey comprised closed-ended and open-ended questions categorized into three distinct sections, each focusing on one of the study objectives. A total of 115 participants completed the questionnaire.

Results:

Practitioners tend to integrate research into the early design phases and programming. It is recognized as a tool for design enhancement by 62%, while 7% considered it to be a hindrance to their creativity. Primary data collection methods include collaboration with colleagues and user groups rather than journals and trade magazines. Cost, time, and lack of expertise are the top three hurdles in applying research in practice.

Conclusions:

Practitioners have a positive attitude toward research, perceive it as an impactful design enhancement tool, and use it to promote their credibility. Lack of research expertise hinders the use and conduct of research. According to design practitioners, research is costly and time-consuming and impedes their ability to fulfill clients’ goals and the project timeline.
The Effects of Job Insecurity on Employees’ Financial Well-Being and Work Satisfaction Among Chinese Pink-Collar Workers
Authors: To Wai Ming , Gao Jennifer H. , Leung Ernest Y. W.
Published: December 2020

This article examines the effects of job insecurity on employees’ financial well-being and work satisfaction. Based on a literature review on financial well-being, we proposed that financial well-being consists of two categories: personal financial well-being and family financial well-being. We developed a theoretical model that links job insecurity to employees’ personal and family financial well-being, and then to employees’ work satisfaction. Data were collected from 334 Chinese pink-collar workers in Macao. Results of the structural equation modeling showed that job insecurity negatively and significantly influenced employees’ personal financial well-being whereas employees’ personal financial well-being positively and significantly influenced work satisfaction directly and indirectly through employees’ family financial well-being. However, the direct relationships between job insecurity and employees’ family financial well-being and between job insecurity and work satisfaction were not significant.
Role of Brand Love and Consumers’ Demographics in Building Consumer–Brand Relationship
Authors: Nawaz Shahid , Jiang Yun , Alam Faizan , Nawaz Muhammad Zahid
Published: December 2020

The conception of the consumer–brand relationship has been receiving immense and escalating attention, and it is considered essential for capitalizing the performance of brands. The purpose of this study is twofold: Foremost part of the study comprehends valuable consumer–brand relationships and antecedents of brand equity. The second part is measuring the significant variations in hypothetical model under consumers’ gender and age perspective. The structural equation model is used for analyzing 425 questionnaires through SmartPLS3. Analysis has been conducted several times for combine data and data sets of gender and age groups to identify variations in model relationships. The findings of this study revealed the significant relationship among constructs of the hypothetical model. Brand love emerged as not only one of the significant antecedents of brand loyalty but also the strongest predictor of brand equity. Significant variations have been identified as male, and older consumers are transforming their love into loyalty and equity more than female and young consumers, respectively. The study has revealed guidelines for designing consumer–brand relationship and identified some significant variations that can be helpful in designing such relationship and marketing offers for multiple market segments.
Debating Extractivism: Stakeholder Communications in British Columbia’s Liquefied Natural Gas Controversy
Authors: Chen Sibo
Published: December 2020

Shale gas extraction via hydraulic fracturing has been a controversial issue in many countries. In Canada, the provincial government of British Columbia (BC) has made relentless efforts on developing a liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry targeting potential Asian importers, which has been a heatedly debated public controversy since late 2011. Focusing on the two contending discourse coalitions formed by this policy initiative’s supporters and opponents, respectively, this article explores the intricate economic, political, and ideological struggles underlying Canadian extractivism. A qualitative discourse analysis of related stakeholder communications reveals that the pro-LNG coalition led by the BC Liberal government developed a “progressive extractivism” storyline to frame LNG exports as an unprecedented and ethical economic opportunity deserving the political support of environmentally minded British Columbians. By contrast, the anti-LNG coalition formed by progressive civil organizations, Indigenous groups, and concerned citizens engaged in fierce discursive resistance, notably via (a) adopting mainstream economic knowledge to highlight the fragile economic basis of BC LNG and (b) incorporating potent political issues such as democratic governance and reconciliation to expand public debates beyond the “jobs versus the environment” dichotomy.
Consensus statement on diagnosis and treatment of cervical ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament from Asia Pacific Spine Society (APSS) 2020
Authors: Sun Xiao-fei , Wang Yuan , Sun Jing-chuan , Xu Xi-ming , Kong Qing-jie , Chen Yu , Yang Hai-song , Liu Yang , Guo Yong-fei , Shi Guo-dong , Chen Xiong-sheng , Chen De-yu , Shen Yong , Hao Ding-jun , Shen Hong-xing , Zhu Qing-san , Yuan Wen , Jia Lian-shun , Shi Jian-gang
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

The study aimed to develop an evidence-based expert consensus statement on diagnosis and treatment of cervical ossification posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).

Method:

Delphi method was used to perform such survey, and the panel members from Asia Pacific Spine Society (APSS) 2020 were invited to answer the open-ended questions in rounds 1 and 2. Then the results were summarized and developed into a Likert-style questionnaire for voting in round 3, and the level of agreement was defined as 80%. In the whole process, we conducted a systematic literature search on evidence for each statement.

Results:

Cervical OPLL can cause various degrees of neurological symptoms, an it’s thought to be more common in Asia population. CT reconstruction is an important imaging examination to assist diagnosis and guide surgical choice. Segmental, continuous, mixed, and focal type is the most widely used classification system. The non-surgical treatment is recommended for patients with no or mild clinical symptoms, or irreversible neurological damage, or failed surgical decompression, or condition cannot tolerant surgery, or refusing surgery. As OPLL may continue to develop gradually, surgical treatment would be considered in their course inevitably. The surgical choice should depend on various conditions, such as involved levels, thickness, and type of OPLL, skill-experiences of surgeons, which are listed and discussed in the article.

Conclusion:

In this statement, we describe the clinical features, classifications, and diagnostic criteria of cervical OPLL, and review various surgical methods (such as their indications, complications), and provide a guideline on their choice strategy.
A lightweight convolutional neural network for assessing an EEG risk marker for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy
Authors: Zhu Cong , Kim Yejin , Jiang Xiaoqian , Lhatoo Samden , Jaison Hampson , Zhang Guo-Qiang
Published: December 2020

Background

Convolutional neural network (CNN) has achieved state-of-art performance in many electroencephalogram (EEG) related studies. However, the application of CNN in prediction of risk factors for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) remains as an underexplored area. It is unclear how the trade-off between computation cost and prediction power varies with changes in the complexity and depth of neural nets.

Methods

The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of using a lightweight CNN to predict SUDEP. A total of 170 patients were included in the analyses. The CNN model was trained using clips with 10-s signals sampled from the original EEG. We implemented Hann function to smooth the raw EEG signal and evaluated its effect by choosing different strength of denoising filter. In addition, we experimented two variations of the proposed model: (1) converting EEG input into an “RGB” format to address EEG channels underlying spatial correlation and (2) incorporating residual network (ResNet) into the bottle neck position of the proposed structure of baseline CNN.

Results

The proposed baseline CNN model with lightweight architecture achieved the best AUC of 0.72. A moderate noise removal step facilitated the training of CNN model by ensuring stability of performance. We did not observe further improvement in model’s accuracy by increasing the strength of denoising filter.

Conclusion

Post-seizure slow activity in EEG is a potential marker for SUDEP, our proposed lightweight architecture of CNN achieved satisfying trade-off between efficiently identifying such biomarker and computational cost. It also has a flexible interface to be integrated with different variations in structure leaving room for further improvement of the model’s performance in automating EEG signal annotation.
Correction to: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials for chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME)
Authors: Kim Do-Young , Lee Jin-Seok , Park Samuel-Young , Kim Soo-Jin , Son Chang-Gue
Published: December 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Retraction Note: LncRNA CTBP1-AS2 sponges miR-216a to upregulate PTEN and suppress endometrial cancer cell invasion and migration
Authors: Wang Qing-an-zi , Yang Yongxiu , Liang Xiaolei
Published: December 2020

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-020-00754-0.
Correction to: Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from the fruits of Schisandra chinensis and their cytotoxicity on human cancer cell lines
Authors: Choi Sung‑Kyu , Lee Yeong‑Geun , Wang Rong Bo , Kim Hyoung‑Geun , Yoon Dahye , Lee Dae Young , Kim Yeon‑Ju , Baek Nam‑In
Published: December 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Scaling-up Health-Arts Programmes: the largest study in the world bringing arts-based mental health interventions into a national health service
Authors: Estevao Carolina , Fancourt Daisy , Dazzan Paola , Chaudhuri K. Ray , Sevdalis Nick , Woods Anthony , Crane Nikki , Bind Rebecca , Sawyer Kristi , Rebecchini Lavinia , Hazelgrove Katie , Manoharan Manonmani , Burton Alexandra , Dye Hannah , Osborn Tim , Jarrett Lucinda , Ward Nick , Jones Fiona , Podlewska Aleksandra , Premoli Isabella , Derbyshire-Fox Fleur , Hartley Alison , Soukup Tayana , Davis Rachel , Bakolis Ioannis , Healey Andy , Pariante Carmine M.
Published: December 2020

The Scaling-up Health-Arts Programme: Implementation and Effectiveness Research (SHAPER) project is the world's largest hybrid study on the impact of the arts on mental health embedded into a national healthcare system. This programme, funded by the Wellcome Trust, aims to study the impact and the scalability of the arts as an intervention for mental health. The programme will be delivered by a team of clinicians, research scientists, charities, artists, patients and healthcare professionals in the UK's National Health Service (NHS) and the community, spanning academia, the NHS and the charity sector. SHAPER consists of three studies – Melodies for Mums, Dance for Parkinson's, and Stroke Odysseys – which will recruit over 800 participants, deliver the interventions and draw conclusions on their clinical impact, implementation effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. We hope that this work will inspire organisations and commissioners in the NHS and around the world to expand the remit of social prescribing to include evidence-based arts interventions.
Oxytocin, Dopamine, and Opioid Interactions Underlying Pair Bonding: Highlighting a Potential Role for Microglia
Authors: Loth Meredith K , Donaldson Zoe R
Published: December 2020

Pair bonds represent some of the strongest attachments we form as humans. These relationships positively modulate health and well-being. Conversely, the loss of a spouse is an emotionally painful event that leads to numerous deleterious physiological effects, including increased risk for cardiac dysfunction and mental illness. Much of our understanding of the neuroendocrine basis of pair bonding has come from studies of monogamous prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster), laboratory-amenable rodents that, unlike laboratory mice and rats, form lifelong pair bonds. Specifically, research using prairie voles has delineated a role for multiple neuromodulatory and neuroendocrine systems in the formation and maintenance of pair bonds, including the oxytocinergic, dopaminergic, and opioidergic systems. However, while these studies have contributed to our understanding of selective attachment, few studies have examined how interactions among these 3 systems may be essential for expression of complex social behaviors, such as pair bonding. Therefore, in this review, we focus on how the social neuropeptide, oxytocin, interacts with classical reward system modulators, including dopamine and endogenous opioids, during bond formation and maintenance. We argue that an understanding of these interactions has important clinical implications and is required to understand the evolution and encoding of complex social behaviors more generally. Finally, we provide a brief consideration of future directions, including a discussion of the possible roles that glia, specifically microglia, may have in modulating social behavior by acting as a functional regulator of these 3 neuromodulatory systems.
MRI findings in cervical spondylotic myelopathy with gadolinium enhancement: Review of seven cases
Authors: Pessini Ferreira Lucas María , Auger Cristina , Kortazar Zubizarreta Izaro , Gonzalez Chinchon Gonzalo , Herrera Isabel , Pla Albert , de Barros Andrea , Tortajada Carlos , Rovira Alex
Published: December 2020

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a clinical syndrome secondary to a spinal cord compression due to cervical spondylosis. In some cases, conventional MRI typically shows an intramedullary hyperintense signal on T2W imaging and contrast enhancement on post-gadolinium T1W imaging. We report a series of seven patients with CSM who had typical clinical presentation and imaging findings on T2W and contrast-enhanced T1W sequences. The imaging findings included degenerative changes of the cervical spine, intramedullary T2-signal hyperintensity, and an intramedullary enhancement on post-gadolinium T1W images. Our results support the statement that the presence of an intramedullary gadolinium-enhancement with a flat transverse pancake-like pattern (on sagittal images) and a circumferential pattern (on axial images), located within a T2-signal abnormality, in patients with cervical spondylosis and clinical myelopathy is indicative of spondylosis as the cause of the myelopathy.
Comparison of the image quality and radiation dose of different scanning modes in head-neck CT angiography
Authors: Zhang Tianle , Geng Xue , Li Dongxue , Xu Yize , Zhao Yongxia
Published: December 2020

Objectives:

To analyze and compare the radiation dose and image quality of different CT scanning modes on head-neck CT angiography.

Methods:

A total of 180 patients were divided into Group A and Group B. The groups were further subdivided according to different scanning modes: subgroups A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, and B3. Subgroups A1 and B1 used conventional CT protocol, subgroups A2 and B2 used the kV-Assist scan mode, and subgroups A3 and B3 used the dual-energy gemstone spectral imaging protocol. The CT dose index and dose–length product were recorded. The objective image quality and subjective image evaluation was conducted by two independent radiologists.

Results:

The signal-to-noise ratios, contrast-to-noise ratios, and subjective scores of subgroups A3 and B3 were higher than the other subgroups. In subgroups B1 and B2, the subjective scores of 9 patients and 12 patients were lower than 3, respectively. The subjective scores of subgroups B1 and B2 were lower than the other subgroups. There was no statistically significant difference in signal-to-noise ratios, contrast-to-noise ratios, and subjective scores between subgroups A1 and A2. The effective dose of subgroup A2 was 41.7 and 36.4% lower than that in subgroups A1 and A3, respectively (p < 0.05). In Group B, there were no statistically significant differences in CT dose indexvol, dose–length product, and ED among the subgroups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion:

In the head-neck CT angiography, the kV-Assist scan mode is recommended for patients with body mass index between 18.5 and 34.9 kg m−2; gemstone spectral imaging scanning mode is recommended for patients with body mass index ≥34.9 kg m−2.
Cloning of human ABCB11 gene in E. coli required the removal of an intragenic Pribnow-Schaller Box before it’s Insertion into genomic safe harbor AAVS1 site using CRISPR–Cas9
Authors: Vats Nisha , Sanal Madhusudana Girija , Venugopal Senthil Kumar , Taneja Pankaj , Sarin Shiv Kumar
Published: December 2020

Background: Genomic safe harbors are sites in the genome which are safe for gene insertion such that the inserted gene will function properly, and the disruption of the genomic location doesn’t cause any foreseeable risk to the host. The AAVS1 site is the genetic location which is disrupted upon integration of adeno associated virus (AAV) and is considered a ‘safe-harbor’ in human genome because about one-third of humans are infected with AAV and so far there is no apodictic evidence that AAV is pathogenic or disruption of AAVS1 causes any disease in man.  Therefore, we chose to target the AAVS1 site for the insertion of ABCB11, a bile acid transporter which is defective in progressive familial intra hepatic cholestasis type-2 (PFIC-2), a lethal disease of children where cytotoxic bile salts accumulate inside hepatocytes killing them and eventually the patient.

Methods: We used the CRISPR Cas9 a genome editing system to insert the ABCB11 gene at AAVS1 site in human cell-lines.

Results: We found that human ABCB11 sequence has a “Pribnow- Schaller Box” which allows its expression in bacteria and expression of ABCB11 protein which is toxic to E. coli; the removal of this was required for successful cloning. We inserted ABCB11 at AAVS1 site in HEK 293T using CRISPR-Cas9 tool.  We also found that the ABCB11 protein has similarity with E. coli endotoxin (lipid A) transporter MsbA.

Conclusions: We inserted ABCB11 at AAVS1 site using CRISPR-Cas9; however, the frequency of homologous recombination was very low for this approach to be successful in vivo.
Case Report: Bilateral mandibular buccal bifurcation cysts
Authors: Aloyouny Ashwag , Albagieh Hamad , Mansour Soad , Mobarak Fahmy
Published: December 2020

Buccal bifurcation cyst (BBC) is a rare inflammatory odontogenic cyst, which commonly affects children in the first decade of life. We report a case of a seven-year-old healthy boy with bilateral BBC, which involved unerupted incomplete permanent mandibular first molars. A review of the literature in English language revealed few similar cases. We reviewed 16 manuscripts of bilateral mandibular BBC, reporting a total of 20 cases since 1970. The clinical features of bilateral mandibular BBC summarized here could assist specialists with an accurate diagnosis and provide patients with optimal management.
THE CONCEPT OF UNIVERSITY IN KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
Authors: Voinova Alena Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2020

Цель. В статье прослежена динамика «эволюционирования» идеи университета на протяжении нескольких столетий его развития и проанализированы происходящие с университетом в современном цифровом обществе социокультурные трансформации.Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу исследования составляют методы теоретических обобщений, приемы классификации, компаративистский и системный методы.Результаты. Обобщение взглядов на университет позволило выделить два этапа в динамике социокультурной роли университета как социального института: этап культурной ориентации идеи университетского образования и этап профессиональной ориентации идеи университета. Социокультурными основаниями первого этапа стало понимание университета как социального института, основной миссией которого становится формирование мировоззренческих установок, которые были бы ориентированы на гуманистические и общечеловеческие принципы бытия. Университет, в этом случае выступает в качестве транслятора культуры, ее установок и ценностей. Этап профессиональной ориентации характеризуется пониманием университета как профессионального образовательного учреждения, не формирующего мировоззренческие основания человека. Университет представляет собой коммуникативную площадку, сетевую организацию, предоставляя образовательные услуги – знания, свободные от каких-либо философских, моральных и идеологических нагрузок. Университет на данном этапе дает частные утилитарные знания, не приводит к общему пониманию и переживанию единства знания. Приходит новая экономическая модель университета, основанная на передаче прагматичных, узкопрофессиональных, востребованных знаний, которым присваивается статус товара и услуги.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в сфере социально-экономического прогнозирования в области высшего образования.
Mito sin ideología: Fellmann, Vico y Sorel.
Authors: Barrios Casares Manuel
Published: December 2020

Se examina la trayectoria intelectual del filósofo alemán Ferdinand Fellmann, destacando el magisterio de Hans Blumenberg, pero también la notable influencia del pensamiento de Giambattista Vico en el conjunto de su obra. En particular, se analiza cómo la concepción viquiana del mito sirve de base para la crítica de Fellmann a un uso ideológico del mito
Incidence and significance of findings on spinal MRIs in a paediatric population with spinal column complaints
Authors: Rathjen Karl , Dieckmann Rebecca J. , Thornberg David C. , Karam AnnMarie , Birch John G.
Published: December 2020

Purpose

We sought to identify correlations between working diagnosis, surgeon indication for obtaining spinal MRI and positive MRI findings in paediatric patients presenting with spinal disorders or complaints.

Methods

Surgeons recorded their primary indication for ordering a spinal MRI in 385 consecutive patients. We compared radiologist-reported positive MRI findings with surgeon response, indication, working diagnosis and patient demographics.

Results

The most common surgeon-stated indications were pain (70) and coronal curve characteristics (63). Radiologists reported 137 (36%) normal and 248 (64%) abnormal MRIs. In total, 58% of abnormal reports (145) did not elicit a therapeutic or investigative response, which we characterized as ‘clinically inconsequential’. In all, 42 of 268 (16%) presumed idiopathic scoliosis patients had intradural pathology noted on MRI. Younger age (10.3 years versus 12.0 years) was the only significant demographic difference between patients with or without intradural pathology. Surgeon indication ‘curve magnitude at presentation’ was associated with intradural abnormality identification. However, average Cobb angles between patients with or without an intradural abnormality was not significantly different (39° versus 37°, respectively). Back pain without neurological signs or symptoms was a negative predictor of intradural pathology.

Conclusion

Radiologists reported a high frequency of abnormalities on MRI (64%), but 58% of those were deemed clinically inconsequential. Patients with MRI abnormalities were two years’ younger than those with a normal or inconsequential MRI. ‘Curve magnitude at presentation’ in presumed idiopathic scoliosis patients was the only predictor of intrathecal pathology. ‘Pain’ was the only indication significantly associated with clinically inconsequential findings on MRI.

Level of evidence

III
Matèria en un temps i un espai: un record per a Joaquim Garriga i algunes noves recerques
Authors: Alcoy i Pedrós Rosa
Published: December 2020

Presentació del número 16-17 de Matèria. Revista internacional d'Art, escrit per Rosa Alcoy.
Joaquim Garriga Riera (1945-2018), in memoriam. A l’amic i company del Departament d’Història de l’Art
Authors: Terés Tomàs M. Rosa
Published: December 2020

Homenatge a Quim Garriga.
Antioquia, Nuremberg, Argentona: una peculiar vida sense martiri de sant Julià i els models dürerians per al retaule de la vila (1531)
Authors: Fontcuberta Famadas Cristina
Published: December 2020

Joaquim Garriga, en estudiar l’evolució de la retaulística catalana del segle XVI, assenyalava la modernitat de retaules com el d’Argentona, en què la fusteria gòtica de Joan Romeu (1524) es completava amb les pintures de Nicolau de Credença, Jaume Forner i Antoni Rupit (1531). En aquest article es pretén indagar sobre els models dürerians de les pintures sobre la Passió de Crist que formen part de la peça, i s’ha mirat de precisar-ne la filiació amb les diverses sèries de l’artista alemany dedicades a aquesta temàtica. Les taules dedicades a la vida de Sant Julià i santa Basilissa també centren l’atenció del text. Si autors com Post ja havien remarcat l’estranyesa d’unes escenes sense martiri, aquí s’han proposat algunes possibles fonts hagiogràfiques i precedents artístics de l’art català.
IMPORTACIONES ITALIANAS EN "SUR" (1945-1955)
Authors: Franzoso Marco
Published: December 2020

En este trabajo trataremos de dibujar un mapa preliminar de la recepciÃ³n de algunos textos italianos en Argentina y de entender la entrada en circulaciÃ³n de determinadas ideas sobre arte y literatura en el paÃ­s a partir de 1945. Nos enfocaremos en la revista Sur, en particular en el nÃºmero 225. Lo que se intentarÃ¡ poner a la luz es que la intelligentsia liberal de Sur, a travÃ©s de sus ideas cosmopolitas, introdujo, quizÃ¡s in-conscientemente, textos y autores italianos clave para las generaciones intelectuales argentinas de los aÃ±os 60.
Band-limited double-phase method for enhancing image sharpness in complex modulated computer-generated holograms
Authors: Sui Xiaomeng , He Zehao , Jin Guofan , Chu Daping , Cao Liangcai
Published: December 2020

Herein, we propose a band-limited double-phase method to improve the quality of reconstructed images encoded by double-phase holograms (DPHs) derived from complex-amplitude light waves. Although the quality of images produced by DPHs was improved compared to that of conventional holographic images, it still suffered from degradation because of the spatial shifting noise generated during the conversion from complex-amplitude holograms to phase-only holograms. The proposed method overcomes this shortcoming by defining a band-limiting function according to the spatial distribution of DPHs in the frequency domain to remove the specific spatial frequency components severely affected by the spatial shifting of DPHs. The sharpness of images reconstructed from band-limited DPHs with appropriate optical filtering showed an improvement of 36.84% in simulations and 51.67% in experiments evaluated by 10-90% intensity variation.
Classification and phylogeny for the annotation of novel eukaryotic GNAT acetyltransferases
Authors: Krtenic Bojan , Drazic Adrian , Arnesen Thomas , Reuter Nathalie
Published: December 2020

The enzymes of the GCN5-related N-acetyltransferase (GNAT) superfamily count more than 870 000 members through all kingdoms of life and share the same structural fold. GNAT enzymes transfer an acyl moiety from acyl coenzyme A to a wide range of substrates including aminoglycosides, serotonin, glucosamine-6-phosphate, protein N-termini and lysine residues of histones and other proteins. The GNAT subtype of protein N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs) alone targets a majority of all eukaryotic proteins stressing the omnipresence of the GNAT enzymes. Despite the highly conserved GNAT fold, sequence similarity is quite low between members of this superfamily even when substrates are similar. Furthermore, this superfamily is phylogenetically not well characterized. Thus functional annotation based on sequence similarity is unreliable and strongly hampered for thousands of GNAT members that remain biochemically uncharacterized. Here we used sequence similarity networks to map the sequence space and propose a new classification for eukaryotic GNAT acetyltransferases. Using the new classification, we built a phylogenetic tree, representing the entire GNAT acetyltransferase superfamily. Our results show that protein NATs have evolved more than once on the GNAT acetylation scaffold. We use our classification to predict the function of uncharacterized sequences and verify by in vitro protein assays that two fungal genes encode NAT enzymes targeting specific protein N-terminal sequences, showing that even slight changes on the GNAT fold can lead to change in substrate specificity. In addition to providing a new map of the relationship between eukaryotic acetyltransferases the classification proposed constitutes a tool to improve functional annotation of GNAT acetyltransferases.
Practical fluorescence reconstruction microscopy for large samples and low-magnification imaging
Authors: LaChance Julienne , Cohen Daniel J.
Published: December 2020

Fluorescence reconstruction microscopy (FRM) describes a class of techniques where transmitted light images are passed into a convolutional neural network that then outputs predicted epifluorescence images. This approach enables many benefits including reduced phototoxicity, freeing up of fluorescence channels, simplified sample preparation, and the ability to re-process legacy data for new insights. However, FRM can be complex to implement, and current FRM benchmarks are abstractions that are difficult to relate to how valuable or trustworthy a reconstruction is. Here, we relate the conventional benchmarks and demonstrations to practical and familiar cell biology analyses to demonstrate that FRM should be judged in context. We further demonstrate that it performs remarkably well even with lower-magnification microscopy data, as are often collected in screening and high content imaging. Specifically, we present promising results for nuclei, cell-cell junctions, and fine feature reconstruction; provide data-driven experimental design guidelines; and provide researcher-friendly code, complete sample data, and a researcher manual to enable more widespread adoption of FRM.
Highly efficient antibiofilm and antifungal activity of green propolis against Candida species in dentistry materials
Authors: Bezerra Carolina Rabelo Falcão , Assunção Borges Katia Regina , Alves Rita de Nazaré Silva , Teles Amanda Mara , Pimentel Rodrigues Igor Vinicius , da Silva Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto , Nascimento Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão , Bezerra Geusa Felipa de Barros
Published: December 2020

This study evaluated the effect of green propolis extract on the adhesion and biofilm formation of Candida species in dentistry materials. Phytochemical analysis of green propolis extract was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Adhesion was quantified by counting the number of yeast cells adherent to dental material fragments in a Neubauer chamber. Biofilm formation was determined by counting colony-forming units recovered from dental material fragments. The intensity of biofilm adhesion was classified as negative, weak, moderate, strong, or very strong. Fifteen compounds, mainly flavonoids, were identified in green propolis extract. All strains adhered to and formed biofilms on the surfaces of the orthodontic materials studied. On steel and resin, yeast cell adhesion intensities were weak at all incubation times, except for those of Candida parapsilosis and C. tropicalis, which were moderate at 12 h. At 24 and 48 h, C. albicans formed biofilms on steel with moderate adhesion affinities; at 24 and 48 h, C. parapsilosis formed biofilms with very strong affinities. C. tropicalis formed biofilms with strong and very strong affinities at 24 and 48 h, respectively. On resin, all species displayed strong affinity for biofilm formation at 24 and 48 h, except for C. tropicalis, which displayed very strong affinity at only 48 h. Green propolis extract displayed antifungal activity and inhibited both adhesion and biofilm formation at 2.5 μg/mL. This study reinforces the idea that green propolis has antifungal activity and interferes with the virulence of Candida species.
(3S,6E)-nerolidol-mediated rendezvous of Cyclocephala paraguayensis beetles in bottle gourd flowers
Authors: Favaris Arodí P. , Túler Amanda C. , Silva Weliton D. , Rodrigues Sérgio R. , Leal Walter S. , Bento José M. S.
Published: December 2020

Cyclocephalini beetles of the genus Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Dynastinae) use flowers of some plants as food, shelter, and mating sites. However, little is known about floral scent chemistry involved in this interaction. Here we show that a sesquiterpene alcohol mediates attraction of Cyclocephala paraguayensis Arrow, on bottle gourd flowers, Lagenaria siceraria (Cucurbitaceae). Both males and females started to aggregate on the flowers at twilight; after that, mating began and remained for the entire night. GC-FID/EAD analysis of the L. siceraria floral scent collected in the field revealed that only the major constituent of the airborne volatiles elicited electroantennographic responses on male and female antennae of C. paraguayensis. This compound was identified as (3S,6E)-nerolidol, which was tested in two field trapping trials in Brazil. In the first bioassay, traps baited with nerolidol (mix of isomers) captured significantly more adult C. paraguayensis than control traps. In the second field trial, catches in traps baited with a mixture of isomers or enantiopure nerolidol were significantly higher than captures in control traps, but the treatments did not differ significantly. Analysis from the gut content of adult C. paraguayensis showed the presence of pollen, suggesting that they also use bottle gourd flowers for their nourishment. Taken together, these results suggest that (3S,6E)-nerolidol plays an essential role in the reproductive behavior of C. paraguayensis by eliciting aggregation, mating, and feeding.
Causal relations of health indices inferred statistically using the DirectLiNGAM algorithm from big data of Osaka prefecture health checkups
Authors: Kotoku Jun’ichi , Oyama Asuka , Kitazumi Kanako , Toki Hiroshi , Haga Akihiro , Yamamoto Ryohei , Shinzawa Maki , Yamakawa Miyae , Fukui Sakiko , Yamamoto Keiichi , Moriyama Toshiki
Published: December 2020

Causal relations among many statistical variables have been assessed using a Linear non-Gaussian Acyclic Model (LiNGAM). Using access to large amounts of health checkup data from Osaka prefecture obtained during the six fiscal years of years 2012–2017, we applied the DirectLiNGAM algorithm as a trial to extract causal relations among health indices for age groups and genders. Results show that LiNGAM yields interesting and reasonable results, suggesting causal relations and correlation among the statistical indices used for these analyses.
Local hypergraph clustering using capacity releasing diffusion
Authors: Ibrahim Rania , Gleich David F.
Published: December 2020

Local graph clustering is an important machine learning task that aims to find a well-connected cluster near a set of seed nodes. Recent results have revealed that incorporating higher order information significantly enhances the results of graph clustering techniques. The majority of existing research in this area focuses on spectral graph theory-based techniques. However, an alternative perspective on local graph clustering arises from using max-flow and min-cut on the objectives, which offer distinctly different guarantees. For instance, a new method called capacity releasing diffusion (CRD) was recently proposed and shown to preserve local structure around the seeds better than spectral methods. The method was also the first local clustering technique that is not subject to the quadratic Cheeger inequality by assuming a good cluster near the seed nodes. In this paper, we propose a local hypergraph clustering technique called hypergraph CRD (HG-CRD) by extending the CRD process to cluster based on higher order patterns, encoded as hyperedges of a hypergraph. Moreover, we theoretically show that HG-CRD gives results about a quantity called motif conductance, rather than a biased version used in previous experiments. Experimental results on synthetic datasets and real world graphs show that HG-CRD enhances the clustering quality.
Particle swarm optimization algorithm-based PI inverter controller for a grid-connected PV system
Authors: Roslan M. F. , Al-Shetwi Ali Q. , Hannan M. A. , Ker P. J. , Zuhdi A. W. M.
Published: December 2020

The lack of control in voltage overshoot, transient response, and steady state error are major issues that are frequently encountered in a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system, resulting in poor power quality performance and damages to the overall power system. This paper presents the performance of a control strategy for an inverter in a three-phase grid-connected PV system. The system consists of a PV panel, a boost converter, a DC link, an inverter, and a resistor-inductor (RL) filter and is connected to the utility grid through a voltage source inverter. The main objective of the proposed strategy is to improve the power quality performance of the three-phase grid-connected inverter system by optimising the proportional-integral (PI) controller. Such a strategy aims to reduce the DC link input voltage fluctuation, decrease the harmonics, and stabilise the output current, voltage, frequency, and power flow. The particle swarm optimisation (PSO) technique was implemented to tune the PI controller parameters by minimising the error of the voltage regulator and current controller schemes in the inverter system. The system model and control strategies were implemented using MATLAB/Simulink environment (Version 2020A) Simscape-Power system toolbox. Results show that the proposed strategy outperformed other reported research works with total harmonic distortion (THD) at a grid voltage and current of 0.29% and 2.72%, respectively, and a transient response time of 0.1853s. Compared to conventional systems, the PI controller with PSO-based optimization provides less voltage overshoot by 11.1% while reducing the time to reach equilibrium state by 32.6%. The consideration of additional input parameters and the optimization of input parameters were identified to be the two main factors that contribute to the significant improvements in power quality control. Therefore, the proposed strategy effectively enhances the power quality of the utility grid, and such an enhancement contributes to the efficient and smooth integration of the PV system.