bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dental-related problems and oral manifestation of HIV/AIDS patients in Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Radithia Desiana , Soebadi Bagus , Hendarti Hening Tuti , Surboyo Meircurius Dwi Condro , Ayuningtyas Nurina Febriyanti , Triyono Erwin Astha
Published: November 2020

Introduction: HIV infection and AIDS have a potential impact on future generations, especially in Indonesia, as a significant contributor to HIV transmission. HIV-infected and AIDS patients are easily contracting possible infections, mainly in the oral cavity, which are decreasing patientâ€™s quality of life due to pain, discomfort, and appetite loss. They also subjected to oral health problems, such as dental caries and gingivitis. However, patients with HIV/AIDS tend to neglect their oral health, as they are more concerned with their systemic conditions. This study reports oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS patients and their dental-related problems to assess the need for holistic management.Methods: Observational studies performed on stadium 4 AIDS patients admitted in the outpatient facility of the Intermediate Care Unit for Infectious Diseases in Soetomo Hospital Surabaya from 2011-2012. Eighty-seven patients participated in this study. Subjects were interviewed regarding previous dental check-ups and examined for oral diseases. Diagnosis of oral lesions and dental problems were made based on clinical appearance.Results: Many cases of strongly-related lesions were observed, such as oral pseudomembranous candidiasis, atrophic glossitis, chronic hyperplastic candidiasis, oral hairy leukoplakia, linear gingival erythema, and also other less strongly-related lesions such as aphthous stomatitis, exfoliative cheilitis, and angular cheilitis. Dental problems were observed, including dental caries, chronic marginal gingivitis due to calculi deposit, residual roots, and impacted wisdom teeth. During the survey on previous dental check-ups, subjects revealed that most of the patients had never visited a dentist since they diagnosed with HIV (+), and other patients admitted that they choose to conceal their HIV status to the dentist.Conclusion: Dentists must be well-equipped with comprehensive knowledge of HIV-related manifestations and dental treatment considerations to provide adequate dental and oral health management as a part of the holistic management of HIV/AIDS.
Hemodynamic changes in patients undergoing cemented total hip replacement surgery: a literature review
Authors: Astawa Putu
Published: November 2020

Cemented total hip arthroplasty is believed to offer adequate pain relief, satisfactory walking ability, and activities of daily living as one of the most widely used techniques for treating hip fragility fractures. However, some complications may occur perioperatively, not to mention the catastrophic bone cement implantation syndrome. Thorough assessment, perioperative monitoring, early detection, and treatment plays an essential role to maximalize the result of this procedure, as well as minimalizing morbidity and mortality. Some anesthetic measures that can be done in order to keep the stability of intraoperative conditions are avoiding volatile anesthetic agents in high-risk patients, administering 100% inspired oxygen throughout the procedure, invasive hemodynamic monitoring, and maintenance of normovolemia.A central line placement also provides a rapid route of drug administration if resuscitation becomes necessary. Orthopaedic surgeons should also consider thorough lavage of the femoral medullary canal, especially pulsatile jet lavage, removal of tissues before cementation to minimize the formation of microemboli during the procedure, and using cement restrictor to compartmentalize the bone marrow tissue and blood separately from the cement. Therefore, it can be concluded that understanding hemodynamic changes during this procedure is essential, not only for the operator but also for the anaesthesiologists.
Ethanol extract of propolis decreases the Interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression and blood Malondialdehyde (MDA) level in otitis media rat model induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Sudrajad Hadi , Mudigdo Ambar , Purwanto Bambang , Setiamika Made
Published: November 2020

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the bacteria that cause otitis media, leading to progressive structural damage of the middle ear mucosa due to virulence factor, toxin, and enzyme produced. The excessive inflammatory process can cause oxidative stress, which will aggravate tissue damage, thus difficult to cure. This study aimed to assess the effect of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) in decreasing IL-8 expression and blood MDA level in the otitis media rat model induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 42 SDF Sprague-Dawley rats. They were divided into 6 groups: normal control, negative control: Otitis Media (OM), positive control: OM + Ciprofloxacin 20 mg/kg body weight/day, OM + EEP 200 mg/kg body weight/day, OM + Ciprofloxacin 20 mg/kg body weight/day + EEP 100 mg/kg body weight, OM + Ciprofloxacin 20 mg/kg body weight/day + EEP 200 mg/kg body weight/day. Induction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to obtain the OM model was administered on the first day of the study and waited for 28 days before treatments were given. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 23 for Windows.Results: After 14 days of treatment, the expression of IL-8 and MDA level in each treatment group (OM + Ciprofloxacin, OM + EEP 200, OM + Ciprofloxacin + EEP 100, OM + Ciprofloxacin + EEP 200) revealed significant decrease compared to OM (negative control group) (p<0.05). The reduction of IL-8 expression between the Ciprofloxacin group and EEP 200 was not significantly different (p>0.05). There was a significant difference between the Ciprofloxacin group and Ciprofloxacin + EEP 100, and between Ciprofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin + EEP 200 (p<0.05).Conclusion: Ethanol extract of propolis decreased IL-8 expression and MDA level in the OM rat model induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Characteristic gynaecology-oncology patients from Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Clinic Mangusada Regional Hospital Badung reffered to Sanglah Hospital from 1st January 2016 - 31st December 2018
Authors: Brahmantara Bagus Ngurah , Kartha Ida Bagus Made , Budiana I Nyoman Gede
Published: November 2020

Background: Every year, there is an increase in malignancy cases in the world. In women, malignancy is the second most cause of death. Gynecologic malignancy can be found in all women reproductive tract, including cervix, ovary, uterus, vagina and vulva. Most women death from gynecologic malignancy occurred in developing countries, and this is due to lack of access for early detection and treatment. The study aims to report characteristic of patients referred from Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Clinic Mangusada Hospital, Badung from January 2016 â€“ December 2018.Results: Total referred case were 451 gynaecology-oncology patients in obstetrics and gynaecology outpatient clinic Mangusada Hospital, Badung-Indonesia. Top three most referred case were cervical cancer, ovarian cyst with malignancy suspected and ovarian cancer. For Cervical cancer, most of the patients are in group age 41-50 years old (40,3%), in-stadium III (59,2%) and squamous cell type (71,7%). For ovarian cancer, most of the patients are in group age 41-50 years old (45,1%), in-stadium III (59,2%), and epithelial type cell (87,3%). For endometrial cancer, most of the patients are in group age 51-60 years old (53,9%), in-stadium III (46,1%) and adenocarcinoma cell type (100%).Conclusion: The most common gynaecological referral cases are cervical cancer, suspicious malignant ovarian cysts, and ovarian cancer. All gynaecological cases referred to are suspected or diagnosed as gynaecological malignancies and require the handling of a gynaecology-oncology division and integrated oncology services.
The relationship of blood pressure with urine protein examination in fisherman of Batu Karas Village, Cijulang, Pangandaran, West Java
Authors: Wikanningtyas Tri Ariguntar , Wahyuni Tri , Kusumawadi Diding
Published: November 2020

Background: Hypertension is an increase in persistent blood pressure with systolic 140 mmHg and diastolic â‰¥ 90 mmHg. In Indonesia, hypertension ranks the 6th largest non-infectious disease, with a prevalence of 25.8%. Uncontrolled hypertension results in target organ damage, causing strokes, heart attacks, retinopathy, or kidney disorders. The presence of protein in urine can be a marker of kidney abnormality. This study evaluates the relationship between blood pressure and urine protein examination in fishermen of Batu Karas Village, Cijulang, Pangandaran, West Java.Methods: The descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was conducted using a total sampling of 97 Batu Karas fishermen. Samples were examined their blood pressure and urine dipstick at the social service event of Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta, in August 2016. Univariate analysis and gamma relationship tests were done using SPSS version 21 for Windows.Results: In the fishermen with normal blood pressure, we found 29 samples with 1+ protein urine, two samples were 2+, and 11 were negative. In the pre-hypertensive group, 27 were 1+, and 15 were negative. In the stage I hypertension group, three were 1+, and four were negative. In the stage II hypertension group, three were 1+, and three were negative. We also found a significant correlation between blood pressure and urine protein examination results (p=0.048).Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between blood pressure and urine protein examination results in fishermen in Batukaras, Cijulang, Pangandaran, West Java.
Correlation between the level of urine interleukin-6 with microalbuminuria in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Kandarini Yenny , Sikesa I Gusti Putu Hery , Kambayana Gede
Published: November 2020

Background: Lupus Nephritis (LN) is one of the serious manifestations of SLE. Because of its role in the pathogenesis of LN, IL-6 is likely to be a potential marker, whereas for diagnosing kidney involvement at the subclinical stage, microalbuminuria can be examined. Therefore, early detection of kidney damage in SLE is needed to prevent the progression of NL to permanent kidney failure. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between IL-6 levels and microalbuminuria in SLE patients at Sanglah General Hospital Bali.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional analytic design, carried out in Sanglah General Hospital on SLE patients, conducted in May until July 2019. Blood and urine samples were taken to obtain the data needed to measure the Mex-SLEDAI score. Cytokine evaluation is done by quantitative examination using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Chi-square analysis was done using SPSS version 24 for Windows.Results: The results of the study were 85 subjects with SLE (94.1% women). The median age is 35 years (18-61 years), and the median duration of illness is three years (0.4-18 years). Most of the patients were in inactive clinical condition, 54 patients (63.53%) and laboratory results were still in the normal range. Steroids (94.1%) are the most widely used therapeutic options. Urine IL-6 levels were obtained with a mean of 0.41Â±0.21 pg/ml, while microalbuminuria levels were obtained with a median of 20 (0-100) mg/L. The results of data analysis stated that there was no significant relationship between urine IL-6 levels and microalbuminuria in SLE (p = 0.972).Conclusion: In this study, there was no significant relationship between urine IL-6 levels and microalbuminuria.
The problem of prevention and correction of posture disorders with the help of orderly muscle activity: a literature review
Authors: E.A. Raspopova , Vasilyevna Shmeleva Svetlana , Mikhaylova Irina Vitalevna , O.G. Rysakova
Published: November 2020

Background: One of the frequent manifestations of decreased motor activity and a decrease in the strength of skeletal muscles is a violation of posture. Under these conditions, the deformation of the posture is the result of a violation of the vertical position of the spine and the weakening of its adaptive reactions aimed at maintaining the vertical posture. The redistribution of the load in the spine is accompanied by a change in its configuration. In this regard, the only way to combat the violation of posture can be considered increased muscle activity.Objective: This article provides a review of the literature regarding the problem of prevention and correction of posture disorders with the help of orderly muscle activity.Method: The writing methodology used was the literature review. The source of study consists of relevant journals from the search engines www.pubmed.com, scholar.google.com, and proquest.com.Conclusion: In this regard, exercise is a powerful biological stimulant for most of the physiological functions of the body. This allows them to purposefully increase the volume of various muscle structures, change the functional state of the body and solve the problems of short-term and long-term recovery.
The in-vivo anti-inflammatory effect of red earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) ethanolic extract from organic farmland in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Ni Wayan Sucindra , Mahendra Agung Nova
Published: November 2020

Background: One of the typical responses to the protection of the body is inflammation. Extensive and severe inflammation can result in tissue damage. Earthworms have been used empirically for years to treat diseases that are based on inflammatory events. This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory properties of red earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) ethanolic extract from organic farmland in Bali, Indonesia.Methods: An experimental study by post-test only control group design was conducted among 30 adult male Wistar rats, divided into 6 groups. Each group was given 0.5% NaCMC (negative control), Diclofenac sodium 9 mg/kgBW (positive control), Red earthworm ethanolic extracts of 50 mg/kgBW (P1) and 100 mg/kgBW (P2) at 1 hour before carrageenan injection. In addition, the ethanolic extracts of Red earthworms, respectively 50 mg/kgBW (P3) and 100 mg/kgBW (P4), which had been given once a day, during 1 week before and at the eighth day 1 hour before carrageenan injection. The measurements of edema were performed 4 hours after the administration of the test material. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: The median score of Rats Hind Paw Edema was 0.3 (0.2-0.4) ml in negative control, 0.1 (0.0-0.2) ml in positive control, 0.2 (0.1-0.2) ml in P1, 0.2 (0.1-0.3) ml in P2, 0.2 (0.1-0.2) ml in P3, and 0.1 (0.1-0.2) ml in P4 groups. There was a significant differences between the NaCMC group (negative control) with the Diclofenac sodium group (positive control), P1, P3, and P4 groups (p<0.05), but not with P2 group (p>0.05).Conclusion: Â We conclude that red earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) ethanolic extract from Bali's organic farmland exhibits an anti-inflammatory effect.
Uterine cervix mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma: case report of a rare, high grade and aggressive tumor
Authors: Dewi I Gusti Ayu Sri Mahendra
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a rare type of cancer in the female reproductive system, accounting for only about 1% of all malignancies in the uterine cervix. Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma (MANEC) is a combination of neuroendocrine components and non-neuroendocrine components, with each component contribute >30% of the tumor cells. This rare type of tumor is aggressive, high recurrence rates, and early distant metastases.Case description: A 37-year-old female patient referred for evaluation after a previous finding of a cervix mass and a clinical diagnosis of cervical carcinoma IB2. Ultrasonography examination concluded a cervical mass, suspicious of malignancy. On macroscopic examination, it was found white-grey colored, huddle, and brittle mass filled the entire cervix with a size of 5x4 and 5x1 cm. Routine histopathological examination shows neoplastic cells forming a trabecular pattern, organoid, part with rosette formation, infiltrative between the connective tissue and a large area of necrosis. These cells conform to a uniform morphology, small oval to round nucleus, partially composed of molding, narrow cytoplasm, salt and pepper chromatin, and mitotic figure > 25/10 HPF. At some other focus, neoplastic cells appear cribriform, solid, and tubular, with a round to oval hyperchromatic nuclei, increased N/C ratio, severe nuclear pleomorphism, eosinophilic cytoplasm, mitotic figure 5/10 HPF. The metastatic cell was found in four right pelvic lymph nodes, and five left pelvic lymph nodes. Immunohistochemistry examination of chromogranin-A and CEA shows positive, focal distribution on tumor cells cytoplasms. Synaptophysin shows positive, diffuse distribution on tumors cell cytoplasm. Ki-67 was positive in 90% malignant cell nuclei.Conclusion: The result of clinical, radiological, routine histopathology, and immunohistochemical examinations support the pathological diagnosis of MANEC.
Spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm in atrial fibrillation after dual antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy in patients with unstable angina
Authors: Bhargah Agha , Jayantika I Gusti Agung Bagus Krisna , Prabawa I Putu Yuda , Manuaba Ida Bagus Putra
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia and often becomes persistent with a high risk of thromboembolism event. Spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm can occur in 50% of cases with new-onset AF. In this case report we report the spontaneous conversion of AF to sinus rhythm in patients with Unstable Angina without any thromboembolic complications.Case description: A 65-year-old man with unstable angina pectoris (UA) with new-onset atrial fibrillation normal ventricular rate (AF-NVR) came to the Emergency Department Bali Mandara General Hospital. Patients have a history of uncontrolled hypertension and active smokers. Standard management of UA using dual antiplatelet, nitrates, and anticoagulants was given to this patient. There were no anti-arrhythmia drugs given to seek for AF cardioversion. Within 6 hours after initial therapy, spontaneous conversion of AF to sinus rhythm occurs. The patient was treated for five days in a stable condition without thromboembolic complications. Long-term anticoagulants were not given to patients because the CHA2DS2-Vasc score is less than two indicating a low risk of thromboembolism.Conclusion: New-onset AF has the chance of spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm within 48 hours, proper management of the trigger factors of AF and optimal rate control are determinants of prognosis. Provision of long-term anticoagulants must be based on the CHA2DS2-Vasc score.
Correlation between malondialdehyde levels and disease activity in vitiligo
Authors: Sudarsa Prima Sanjiwani Saraswati , Praharsini I Gusti Ayu Agung , Karna Ratih Vibriyanti
Published: November 2020

Background: Vitiligo is an acquired depigmented skin disease that occurs due to the death of melanocytes. There are various presumed theories about the cause of melanocyte death in vitiligo; one of them is oxidative stress theory. Lipid peroxidation is the primary manifestation of oxidative stress, producing malondialdehyde (MDA) as its end product. Malondialdehyde is a stable marker to assess the occurrence of oxidative stress. This study aims to prove the differences in serum MDA levels in the active vitiligo, stable vitiligo, and normal control groups.Method: This research is an analytical cross-sectional study involving 64 vitiligo patients with active and stable lesions and 20 normal controls. The study was conducted at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar in February - November 2019. Serum MDA levels were measured to assess oxidative stress. The measurement of MDA levels was carried out by a spectrophotometer instrument using Competitive-ELISA method.Results: In this study, there were significant differences in MDA levels between active, stable vitiligo patients, and control group (p=0.000) with active vitiligo type have the highest MDA mean, followed by stable type and control group respectively.Conclusion: Increased serum MDA levels are an indicator of oxidative stress in vitiligo, which leads to melanocyte death and manifests as increased vitiligo disease activity. The results of this study support the role of oxidative stress in vitiligo pathogenesis and the use of oxidative stress indicators like serum MDA levels as biomarker in evaluating vitiligo disease activity.
Management of von willebrand disease in pregnancy in resource-limited settings: a case report
Authors: Adnyana I Wayan Losen
Published: November 2020

Background: Von Willebrand's disease (VWD) is the most common autosomal dominant bleeding disorder. Pregnancy and delivery in patient with VWD possess significant clinical challenges.Case description: a 24-year-old woman who will undergo labor with a history of VWD.Â  The patient was planned for induction of vaginal delivery and has been given intranasal desmopressin, cryoprecipitate, and factor VIII from before delivery to 5 days after delivery. Labor occurs without excess bleeding. The patient was monitored for 6 days after delivery, and there is no complication of excessive bleeding.Conclusion: This case emphasizes how to manage Von Willebrand's disease in pregnancy with limitation in the examination and therapeutic option, also the importance of joint management from the hematologist, obstetrician, starting from the antepartum, delivery, and postpartum phases.
Prevalence of colorectal carcinoma based on microscopic type, sex, age and anatomical location in Sanglah General Hospital
Authors: Anthonysamy Michelle Anne , Indrayani Maker Luh Putu lin , Gotra I Made , Saputra Herman
Published: November 2020

Background: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a disease in which epithelial cells in the colon or rectum become abnormal and divide without control, forming a mass called a tumor. Colorectal carcinoma is the fourth most frequent cancer in men after prostate and lung or bronchus cancers whereas in women is the third most frequent cancer after breast and lung or bronchus cancers. Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, accounting for 693,900 deaths in 2012 and is the fourth most frequent cancer in men whereas in women is the third most frequent cancer. In Indonesia amount of rectal cancer were 1407 (5.67%) and 990 cases (3.99%) of colon cancer. Specifically in Denpasar, there are a total of 75 cases (7.11%) of rectal cancer and 38 cases (3.60%) of colon cancer in the year.Aim: This study aims to know the prevalence of colorectal carcinoma based on microscopic type, sex, age and anatomical location in Sanglah General Hospital in Denpasar from January 2014 to January 2016.Method: This study used descriptive retrospective research based on the secondary data from patients medical record which was taken at Sanglah General Hospital from January 2014 to January 2016. Population and sample amounted to 275 patients.Results: This study shows that the highest prevalence of colorectal carcinoma was in a group of age <50 years old with 86 samples (31.3%) and in a male with 163 samples (59.3%). Adenocarcinoma has the highest prevalence of colorectal carcinoma with 270 samples (98.2%). The rectum was the most frequent tumor location with 170 samples (61.8%). In adenocarcinoma, the age group with the highest prevalence of CRC was <50 years with 85 samples (30.9%). The highest prevalence of CRC based on anatomical location and age group was <50 years in the rectum with 57 samples (20.7%).Conclusion: Most of the CRC was found in age group < 50 years, men had a higher risk to get colorectal carcinoma, adenocarcinoma is the most common microscopic type, and rectum was the most common site of colorectal carcinoma.
Pola Mikroba dan Sensitivitasnya Terhadap Antibiotik pada Pasien dengan Infeksi Saluran Kemih di RSUD Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes, Kupang Periode Januari-Desember 2017
Authors: Anggelia Vivi , Oktavia Clarissa , Sutrisno Heri , Indita Hermi
Published: November 2020

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a serious public health problem which involves infection of any parts of the urinary tract. In the past few years, treatment of UTI becomes very challenging due to increase emergence of antibiotics resistance in uro-pathogens. This study was performed to determine microbial patterns and its sensitivity to antibiotics.Methods: This was an observational descriptive study. The data were collected from 130 urine samples in RSUD Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes during period of January-December 2017. Patients were diagnosed UTI by using Vitek 2.Results: We obtained 130 samples of urine culture in RSUD. Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes during period of January-December 2017. From 130 samples of urine culture, 83 samples showed growth of bacteria and fungi (63,85%) whereas 47 samples showed no growth (36,15%). From 83 growth samples, we identified 20 types of bacteria which include 4 types of gram positive bacteria, 16 types of gram negative bacteria and 1 type of fungi. The most common causes of UTI were E. coli (22,89%), Candida albicans (10,84%), Klebsiella pneumoniae ss pneumoniae (9,64%) and Acinetobacter baumanii (6,02%). Meropenem, gentamycin and amikacin were still sensitive to uropathogen. The most common antibiotics which were resistance to bacteria were ampicillin and ceftriaxone.Conclusion: Escherichia coli is the most prevalence contribute to UTI in outpatient and inpatient. There were only three types of non-resistant antibiotic to uropathogens.Â Latar Belakang: Infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan serius. Beberapa tahun belakangan ini, pengobatan ISK menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi para klinisi karena tingginya angka resistensi antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola mikroba dan senstivitasnya terhadap antibiotik.Metode: Pada penelitian deskriptif observasional ini, didapatkan 130 sampel urin di RSUD Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes dari bulan Januari-Desember 2017 dimana pasien didiagnosis ISK melalui pemeriksaan dengan Vitek 2.Hasil: Sebanyak 130 sampel urin yang dikultur, 83 sampel menunjukan perkembangan bakteri dan jamur (63,85%) dimana 47 sampel menunjukan tidak adanya pertumbuhan (36,15%). Dari 83 sampel yang tumbuh, teridentifikasi sebanyak 20 tipe bakteri dimana 4 tipe merupakan gram-positif dan 16 tipe gram negatif serta 1 tipe jamur. Penyebab terbanyak ISK adalah E. coli (22,89%), Candida albicans (10,84%), Klebsiella pneumoniae ss pneumoniae (9,64%) dan Acinetobacter baumanii (6,02%). Dimana antibiotik jenis meropenem, gentamisin dan amikasin masih sensitif untuk uropatogen. Sedangkan ampisilin dan seftriakson adalah jenis antibiotik yang memiliki angka resistensi tertinggi.Kesimpulan: Escherichia coli adalah penyebab tersering ISK dan hanya ditemukan tiga jenis antibiotik yang masih sensitif untuk uropatogen.
A large-liver abscess with severe anaemia in 6 years-old patient: a case report
Authors: Widnyani I Gusti Istri Agung , Karyana I Putu Gede , Putra I Gusti Ngurah Sanjaya , Nesa Nyoman Metriani
Published: November 2020

Background: Liver abscess are infectious, space-occupying lesions in the liver; the two most common abscesses being pyogenic and amoebic. A pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a potentially lethal condition. This study aims to describe the signs, symptoms, and prognosis of pyogenic liver abscess in children with severe anaemia.Case Description: Six years old boy complained about abdominal pain for 4 months before admitted to the hospital. The abdomen began to stiff 23 days before. Since 4 weeks, there was several episodes of fevers, more than 4 times but not more than 3 days, relieved by antipyretic. Every fever followed by a stomachache. His parents said he looked paler than before and his activities decreased, was sleepy and irritable. In physical examination, we found the patient looked anaemic, with a distended abdomen with hepatomegaly. Routine CBC revealed: WBC was 16.99, Hemoglobin was 5.45g/dL platelet was 796.20, iron parameters was: iron serum: 11.27 ug/dL (normal: 50-120 ug/dL) TIBC: 180 ug/dL(normal 225-450 ug/dL). A liver abscess 4.5 cm x 5.1 cm with liquefaction was obtained by ultrasound and confirmed by abdomen MSCT with contrast 4,4 x 4,3 x 6,1 cm. The patient family refused abscess draining surgery, so only conservative therapy by antibiotics was given and further followed up in polyclinic. Nine-month after therapy, follow up by ultrasound was normal.Conclusion: The sign and symptom of pyogenic LA were non-specific; abdomen MSCT confirmed the diagnosis with contrast. The prognosis was good.
The characteristics of neonatal sepsis in Low Birth Weight (LBW) infants at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Assa Novita Purnamasari , Artana I Wayan Dharma , Kardana I Made , Putra Putu Junara , Sukmawati Made
Published: November 2020

Backgrounds: Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of mortality and long-term morbidity. The preterm infant has high-risk sepsis and its sequelae. Low birth weight infants were more susceptible to sepsis. Initial infections in neonates may not be identified due to non-specific symptoms and sign with the limited laboratory criteria. This study aims to describe the characteristics of neonatal sepsis in low birth weight infants in the neonatology intensive care unit of Sanglah Hospital.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 168 infants aged zero to 28 days with birth weights <2,500 grams from May 2017 â€“ April 2018 at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia using a purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria were sepsis infants who were hospitalized in neonatology care rooms during the study period at Sanglah General Hospital. Variables assessed in this study were sex, location and mode of delivery, birth weight, gestational age, number of parity, length of stay, the onset of sepsis, as well as the outcome. Data were analysed using SPSS version 17 for Windows.Results: The mortality rate of sepsis in low birth weight infants was 29.8%. Most of the subjects were male (53%), location of delivery at Sanglah Hospital (60.7%), born spontaneously (51.2%), birth weight were 1500-2499 grams (58,3%) and the most gestational ages were 32-36 weeks (44,6%). Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) dominates patients with neonatal sepsis, with a mean length of stay was 23.27Â±20.32 days. The major infection risk factor was premature rupture membrane (PRM) >24 hours (14.9%), and minor infection risk factor was gestational age <37 weeks (78%), very low birth weight (44.6%) and asphyxia (41.1%). The total blood culture positivity was 38 (22.6%) cases, and Enterococcus faecalis was the most common organism in this study.Conclusion: The incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis in LBW infants were still high. The importance of knowledge and awareness of pregnant women about danger signs and the risk of infection can reduce the incidence of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Prevention of healthcare-associated infections can reduce the incidence of late-onset neonatal sepsis.
Vitamin C and ubiquinone have the same ability in reducing the spermatozoa DNA fragmentation index in infertile men at Doctor Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Halim Ayang , Supardi Supardi , Lunardhi Hamdani
Published: November 2020

Background:Â Infertility is one of the most common health problems in the world. Malefactors contribute to 50% of cases and about 15-30% of infertile men are categorized as unexplained infertility. There have been numerous studies investigating the role of spermatozoa DNA fragmentation in male infertility. Spermatozoa nuclear DNA integrity has been suggested as a better predictor of male infertility and oxidative stress has been known related to it. This study was conducted to determine the oral supplementation of Vitamin C and Ubiquinone in reducing the spermatozoa DNA fragmentation index (DFI) among infertile men.Â Methods:Â This was an experimental clinical trial with a pre-test and post-test group design. Thirty infertile men were randomized double-blindingly into 3 groups: Vitamin C and Ubiquinone; Vitamin C and Placebo; Ubiquinone and Placebo groups, each treatment was given for 35 days. The DFI was evaluated by Sperm Chromatin Dispersion (SCD) test, before and after treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 for Windows.Results:Â The average age of respondents was 32.6 years old, followed by 4.6 years of infertility duration in 5.8 years of marriage. Most of the respondents had a normal Body Mass Index (BMI) (46.7%), no smoking history (75.0%), no history of heat (90.0%) or chemical (73.3%) exposure, and diagnosed with primary male infertility (90.0%). Vitamin C group showed a significant reduction in the spermatozoa DFI (95% CI, p<0.05), while the other two groups showed no differences in the spermatozoa DFIs (95% CI, p>0.05). Comparison analysis showed no differences in the reduction of the spermatozoa DFIs (95% CI, p>0.05) among these three groups.Â Conclusion:Â The recent findings suggest that oral supplementation of vitamin C can reduce the spermatozoa DFI, while ubiquinone and the combination of vitamin C and ubiquinone could not reduce the spermatozoa DFI.
Efek pemberian ekstrak etanol bawang putih (Allium sativum) sebagai hepatoprotektor pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi parasetamol dosis hepatotoksik
Authors: Harsa Made Subhawa
Published: November 2020

Garlic (Allium sativum) is a plant that known to have various properties that can be used in treatment as a hepatoprotective agent. This study aim was to determine the effect of garlic ethanol extract (Allium sativum) in Wistar strain white male rats (Rattus norvegicus) which was induced by paracetamol in hepatotoxic dose. This research is an experimental study with randomized the post-test only control group design with sample consisted of twenty-four Wistar strain white male rats (Rattus norvegicus). The sample were divided into four groups: control groups, group P1 (given garlic ethanol extract 10 mg/kg), group P2 (ethanol extract of garlic was given 20 mg/kg) and group P3 (given the ethanol extract garlic 30 mg/kg). This study for seventeen days. The entire samples were terminated in order to draw blood to examine SGPT and SGOT. The data of SGPT and SGOT examined by One Way ANOVA. Result showed that there was significant difference in SGPT and SGOT values between groups after given ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum) (Î± <0.05). From the analysis we can concluded that garlic ethanol extract (Allium sativum) can be used as a hepatoprotective agent in Wistar strain white male rats (Rattus norvegicus) Â induced by paracetamol in hepatotoxic dose.
Karakteristik klinikopatologi osteosarkoma berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, lokasi, dan tipe histopatologi di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2012 -2016
Authors: Aryanda Putra Putu Agus , Susraini Anak Agung Ngurah , Sumadi I Wayan Juli
Published: November 2020

Background: Osteosarcoma was the most common primary bone tumor, and there are only a few studies discussed the clinicopathological characteristics of Osteosarcoma.Aim: This study aimed to determine the clinicopathological features of Osteosarcoma based on age, sex, type, and the location in Anatomical Pathology Laboratories Sanglah Hospital Denpasar in 2012 â€“ 2016.Method: This research was a cross sectional descriptive study which obtains data from the medical record in Anatomical Pathology laboratories Sanglah Hospital Denpasar in 2012 â€“ 2016. The total sample is 44 cases by total sampling technique. The data were processed using SPSS version 20.Result: In this study, the majority of Osteosarcoma patients were in age group 0 â€“ 24 years as many as 30 cases (68.2%) and rarely found in the age group 49 -72 years for 2 cases (4.5%). Osteosarcoma was slightly higher in a male about 23 cases (52.3%) and 21 cases in female (47.7%).Conclusion: the Histopathological type that mostly found was Conventional Osteosarcoma as many as 41 cases (93.2%) and the most common site of Osteosarcoma was in femur about 24 cases (52.2%).Â Osteosarkoma merupakan tumor primer pada tulang yang paling sering ditemukan, namun tidak banyak penelitian yang hanya membahas karakteristik klinikopatologi Osteosarkoma.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik klinikopatologi Osteosarkoma berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, tipe, dan lokasi di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi RSUP Sanglah RSUP Sanglah Denpasar pada tahun 2012 â€“ 2016.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif cross sectional yang dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi RSUP Sanglah Denpasar menggunakan catatan rekam medis periode tahun 2012 -2016. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling, dengan total jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 orang. Data diolah menggunakan SPSS versi 20. PenderitaHasil: Osteosarkoma pada penelitian ini paling sering ditemukan pada kelompok usia 0 â€“ 24 tahun sebanyak 30 kasus (68,2%) dan paling sedikit pada kelompok usia 49 â€“ 72 tahun terdapat 2 kasus (4,5%). Jumlah kasus Osteosarkoma sedikit lebih tinggi kasusnya pada pria yaitu, sebanyak 23 kasus (52,3%) sedangkan pada wanita ditemukan sebanyak 21 kasus (47,7%).Simpulan: Tipe histopatologi yang paling sering ditemukan adalah Conventional Osteosarcoma sebanyak 41 kasus (93,2%) dan lokasi tersering pada tulang femur sebanyak 24 kasus (52,2%).
Kualitas tidur pada sekuriti hotel dengan jadwal jaga malam di Kota Denpasar tahun 2017
Authors: Prasetya Mia Felina , Gotera Wira , Putrawan Ida Bagus Putu
Published: November 2020

Background: Globalization forces some people to work at night, the time that should be dedicated for rest. Many health consequences have to be faced because of the night shift work, one of which is sleep quality.Aim: This study was performed in Denpasar City in 2017 to assess the sleep quality of night shift workers.Methods: This study was a descriptive and observational study by using questionnaires. Population of this study was hotel security officer in Denpasar City with samples of 85 subjects.Results: From 85 subjects investigated, 67.1% sample was categorized as poor sleep quality subjects and 32.9% was categorized as good sleep quality subjects. With total PSQI score above five as cut off, the mean was found at 7.26 and median was 7. In addition, the minimum PSQI score for this study was 2 and maximum PSQI score was 17.Conclusion: It can be concluded that quality of sleep on night shift workers that being represented by hotel security, still belonged to poor sleep quality.Â Â Latar belakang: Globalisasi telah memaksa sebagian orang untuk bekerja di malam hari, waktu yang sebenarnya adalah waktu untuk beristirahat. Dampak-dampak kesehatan pun bermunculan dikarenakan jadwal jaga malam ini, salah satunya adalah pada kualitas tidur.Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Denpasar tahun 2017 untuk mengetahui gambaran kualitas tidur pada pekerja dengan jadwal jaga malam.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif observasional dengan pemberian kuesioner. Populasi penelitian ini adalah sekuriti hotel di Kota Denpasar dengan jumlah sampel 85 subyek.Hasil: Dari 85 sampel yang diperiksa didapatkan 67,1% sampel dengan kualitas tidur yang buruk dan kualitas tidur yang baik sebesar 32,9% dari sampel. Dengan skor total PSQI di atas lima sebagai batasan, telah didapatkan mean sebesar 7,26 dan median sebesar tujuh. Didapatkan juga skor PSQI minimum yang ada sebesar dua dan skor maksimum sebesar 17.Kesimpulan: Kualitas tidur pada pekerja jadwal jaga malam yang diwakilkan oleh sekuriti hotel masih tergolong buruk.
The characteristics of neonatal sepsis in Low Birth Weight (LBW) infants at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia in 2018
Authors: Suismaya Ni Luh Gede Wahyuni , Artana I Wayan Dharma
Published: November 2020

Background: Sepsis is one of the most common causes of mortality and long terms morbidity among infants. It is known to be related to Low Birth Weight (LBW) due to the lack of immunity function to resist the infection. This study aims to identify the characteristics of neonatal sepsis in LBW infants in Sanglah General Hospital.Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Neonatal Care Unit, Sanglah General Hospital, during January-December 2018 period among 135 neonates. Samples were taken using total sampling for neonates who had LBW and diagnosed with sepsis. Uncompleted data and voluntarily discharge patients were excluded from the study. Data regarding baseline characteristics of respondents, major and minor risk factors, laboratory results of sepsis, as well as blood culture, were analyzed using SPSS version 23 for Windows.Result: Most of respondents were male (54.1%), followed by bodyweight 1,500-2,499 grams (58.5%), and preterm labor (<32 weeks) (86.7%). The average length of stay was 21.30Â±19.28 days. The vast majority of infants diagnosed as Early Onset Sepsis (EONS) (89.6%). Most of the patients had normal leukocyte count (93.3%), neutrophilia (95.6%), low I/T ratio (70.4%), normal platelets (67.4%), and high procalcitonin (98.5%). The blood culture showed the most microorganism was Enterococcus faecalis (6.00%) in gram-positive bacteria.Conclusion: This study found that most of the respondents were male, followed by preterm labor, EONS, normal leukocyte count, low I/T ratio, high procalcitonin, as well as Enterococcus faecalis as the most common gram-positive bacteria.Â
Pemberian ekstrak kulit buah anggur (Vitis vinifera L.) mampu menurunkan kadar malondialdehid (MDA) plasma pada tikus dengan diet tinggi kolesterol
Authors: Nurhidayati Etik , Linawati Ni Made , Sugiritama I Wayan
Published: November 2020

Introduction: High cholesterol levels will cause disease, one of which is cardiovascular disorders or diseases. Based on WHO data in 2012 there were 17.5 million deaths in the world due to cardiovascular disease. Coronary heart occupies the highest position at 42% where one of the most common risk factors is dyslipidemia. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of grape skin extract on plasma MDA level.Methods: This study is an experimental study with a post-test only control group research design. Thirty male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months with a body weight of around 200 grams and healthy, classified into 4 treatment groups and a control group with a high cholesterol diet and administration of different dosages of grape skin extract, dose of 100 mg/175 gbw (gram body weight), 250 mg/175 gbw, and 500 mg/175 gbw. All blood samples were taken on day 30 and an MDA test was performed. Kruskal Wallis test was performed to analyze the correlation.Results: The test results obtained with p<0.05 in the group of rats given grape skin extract at a dose of 100 mg/175 gbw, 250 mg/175 gbw, and 500 mg/175 gbw, thus showing significantly lower MDA levels compared with control group.Conclusion: Administration of grape skin extract to rats given a high cholesterol diet may reduce plasma MDA levels.Â Latar belakang: Kolesterol yang tinggi di dalam darah akan mengakibatkan berbagai masalah kesehatan, salah satunya adalah gangguan atau penyakit kardiovaskular. Data tahun 2012 terdapat 17,5 juta kematian di dunia karena masalah kardiovaskular. Jantung koroner menduduki posisi tertinggi yaitu 42% dimana salah satu faktor risiko terseringnya adalah dislipidemia. Mengetahui dampak pemberian kulit buah anggur terhadap MDA plasma tikus adalah sasaran penelitian ini.Metode: Sebuah penelitian eksperimental menggunakan metode post-test only diterapkan pada penelitian ini. Tiga puluh tikus wistar jantan, umur 2-3 bulan, berat rerata 200 gram, dan sehat, dikelompokkan ke dalam 1 kelompok kontrol serta 4 kelompok perlakuan dengan diet tinggi kolesterol dan pemberian dosis ekstrak kulit anggur yang berbeda-beda, yaitu dosis 100 mg/175 gbb, 250 mg/175 gbb dan 500 mg/175 gbb. Pada akhir penelitian, yaitu hari ke- 30, semua sampel diambil darahnya kemudian dilakukan uji MDA.Hasil: Uji penelitian dengan Kruskal Wallis memperoleh hasil p=0,035 (p<0,05) pada kelompok tikus yang diberikan ekstrak kulit anggur dengan dosis 100 mg/175 gbb, 250 mg/175 gbb dan 500 mg/175 gbb, sehingga menunjukkan kadar MDA lebih rendah signifikan dibanding dengan kontrol.Simpulan: Pemberian ekstrak kulit buah anggur memiliki dampak penurunan MDA plasma pada tikus dengan diet tinggi kolesterol.
The understanding of using universal precaution in medical student, ca-assistant and resident in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali-Indonesia
Authors: Yuan Tham Hong , Niryana I Wayan , Adiputra Putu Anda Tusta , Sueta Made Agus Dwianthara
Published: November 2020

Introduction: This study was reported that among medical students, Co-Assistant (Co-Ass) and resident, several factors such as the academic overload in addition to the studentsâ€™ non-school activities might contribute to this situation. There is a lack of universal precaution studies among Universitas Udayana students in Bali and in Sanglah Hospital. Thus, the aim of this descriptive study was to examine the understanding of using universal precaution among three categories of students as well as doctors in Universitas Udayana.Method: Study design using a cross sectional model. Data were obtained from 90 current university students and doctors.Result: The highest questionnaire overall scores were obtained was 83 and the lowest scores were 43. The understanding of PPE among medical students, Co-Ass, resident significantly differ in the understanding of PPE (p<0.001). Resident is significantly different (p<0.001) than the other two groups, but there is no significant difference between the Co-Ass and Medical students.Conclusion: This study provides an overall understanding of universal precautions among medical students, Co-Ass and resident in Universitas Udayana. Findings will serve as a basis for future researchers to conduct future intervention studies.
Faktor-faktor risiko yang berperan terhadap terjadinya infeksi luka operasi pada pasien post appendectomy di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar
Authors: Mooy Danny Zefanya , Suwedagatha I Gede , Golden Nyoman
Published: November 2020

Background: Surgical wound infection (SWI) is one of the three most common hospital-acquired infections, with an average of 14-16% and which is the most common infection in postoperative patients. This study aims to look for factors associated with post-operative wound infection in the appendectomy procedure at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar.Methods: This study used a retrospective cohort design, which was carried out at the Medical Record Installation Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia during the January 2017 to September 2018. Data analysis used chi-square tests, relative risk calculations, and logistic regression.Results: This study used 108 respondents, and there were 17 people who experienced SWI, the final analysis using logistic regression showed a diagnosis of perforated appendicitis (RR: 9.57; 95% CI: 2.09-43.64; p = 0.004) and operator guidance resident (RR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.49-22.3; p = 0.011) is a risk factor for the occurrence of the SWI.Conclusion: The diagnosis of perforated appendicitis is the most important factor in the occurrence of surgical wound infection after appendectomy.Â Latar Belakang: Infeksi luka operasi (ILO) merupakan salah satu dari tiga infeksi tersering yang didapat di rumah sakit, dengan rata-rata mencapai 14-16% dan yang merupakan infeksi yang paling sering terjadi pada pasien pasca operasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan infeksi luka operasi pasca prosedur appendectomy di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kohort retrospektif, yang dilakukan di Instalasi Rekam Medis RSUP Sanglah Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia selama periode Januari 2017 hingga September 2018. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square, perhitungan risiko relatif, dan regresi logistik.Hasil: Penelitian ini menggunakan 108 responden, dan terdapat 17 orang yang mengalami ILO, analisis akhir menggunakan regresi logistik menunjukkan diagnosis appendisitis perforasi (RR: 9,57; IK 95%: 2,09-43,64; p=0,004) dan operator residen bimbingan (RR: 1,75; IK 95%: 1,49-22,3; p=0,011) merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya ILO.Simpulan: Diagnosis appendisitis perforasi merupakan faktor yang paling berperan terhadap terjadinya infeksi luka operasi pasca appendectomy.