bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amniotic derived exosomes in the treatment of degenerative bone- and cartilage disease: A case series
Authors: Torbjörn Ogéus
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Exosomes, nanosized vesicles derived from various cellular sources, hold immense potential in modulating physiological processes and promoting tissue repair. Exosomes derived from amniotic fluid show significant promise in regenerative medicine and tissue repair. To our knowledge, there are no reported cases of reduction of chronic pain due to bone- and cartilage degeneration reported after exosome treatment. Case presentation: Three male patients, all with chronic pain and reduced physical function due to bone- or cartilage degeneration all showed a remarkable reduction in pain and increase in function after one single injection of amniotic-derived exosomes. Conclusion: These cases raise the hypothesis that amniotic-derived exosomes may be an effective intervention in the treatment of degenerative bone- and cartilage diseases. Especially in combination with other regenerative medicine interventions. Further research is required to test this theory.
Generation of Immunodeficient Mice Bearing Human Immune Systems by the Engraftment of Hematopoietic Stem Cells v2
Authors: Hasgur Suheyla
Published: May 2024

Immunodeficient mice are being used as recipients of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) for in vivo analyses of human immune system development and function. The development of several stocks of immunodeficient Prkdc scid ( scid ), or recombination activating 1 or 2 gene ( Rag1 or Rag2 ) knockout mice bearing a targeted mutation in the gene encoding the IL2 receptor gamma chain ( IL2r γ) have greatly facilitated the engraftment of human HSC and enhanced the development of functional human immune systems. These “humanized” mice are being used to study human hematopoiesis, human-specific immune therapies, human-specific pathogens, and human immune system homeostasis and function. The establishment of these model systems is technically challenging, and levels of human immune system development reported in the literature are variable between laboratories. The use of standard protocols for optimal engraftment of HSC and for monitoring the development of the human immune systems would enable more direct comparisons between humanized mice generated in different laboratories. Here we describe a standard protocol for the engraftment of human HSC into 21-day old NOD-scid IL2r γ ( NSG) mice using an intravenous injection approach. The multi-parameter flow cytometry used to monitor human immune system development and the kinetics of development are described. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants AI046629, AI112321, DK104218, CA034196, and OD018259 and grants from the Helmsley Charitable Trust and the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. The authors would like to thank to TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) for the research support (2214A). MAB and DLR are consultants for the Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Vasopressin Use During Liver Transplantation Is Not Associated with Severe Acute Kidney Injury: A Propensity Score Adjusted Regression Analysis v1
Authors: Antonucci Edoardo , Bokoch Michael , Kothari Rishi
Published: May 2024

Acute kidney injury is a common complication after liver transplantation. Acute kidney injury occurrence in this population determines higher mortality, increased graft loss, longer hospital and intensive care unit stays, and more progression to chronic kidney disease. Hemodynamic derangements are treated intraoperatively with vasopressor medications to uphold a mean arterial pressure within the autoregulatory range of the kidney, but the impact of their use, as well as the choice of medication, on postoperative kidney function, is relatively unknown. Vasopressin acts as a portal flow modulator, has a potential catecholamine-sparing effect, and provides benefits for kidney function during distributive shock. The investigators hypothesized that the intraoperative use of vasopressin could reduce the incidence of postoperative severe acute kidney injury after liver transplantation and planned a retrospective single-center propensity score-adjusted regression analysis to test this hypothesis.
REKONSTRUKSI NAMA JEMBER DALAM LAKON BABAD JEMBER OLEH LUDRUK SURYA UTAMA
Authors:   Universitas Gajah Mada, H. Abdillah Fahmy
Published: May 2024

This study entitled “Reconstruction name of Jember in Babad Jember Play Ludruk Surya Utama”, is a study of ludruk play that are suspected of having participated in producing or distributing the origins name of Jember, through babad Jember play which performed with Madura, Java and Indonesia language. The reconstruction was based on a structural review; plot, theme, character and toponymy in babad Jember play by Surya Utama group. Examine the mixed use of language based on texture; the dialogue of the Jember babad play which consists of (a) external dialogue in the form of communication between actors, especially in conflicts between characters, (b) internal dialogue in the form of monologues, (c) dialogue that contains elements of humor. The objectives of this study are to find out the pattern name of Jember and the occurrence of language mixing in the ludruk babad Jember play. The study results, the use of Madura, Java, Indonesia languages-which change and mix-that occurs consciously or unconsciously because of the interlocutor factors, message form, situation, topic. Mutual dialogue with different languages is known not to disrupt the storyline. In this case because the actors or performances are held in areas where the people speak Javanese, Madurese and Indonesian. The mixed language that occurs in this case is another form of oral-written Jember chronicle telling using a single language. The overall results can be concluded; (1) name of Jember is given by the character based on the condition of the area and the character's death. (2) Changing and mixing of languages occurs affected by the interlocutors, message form, topic, and situation in which the actor or the performance takes place in the midst of a multilingual society.
BATU NISAN DI SITUS BINANGA SEBAGAI INDIKASI PEMUKIMAN MUSLIM KUNO DI PANTAI BARAT ACEH
Authors:   Universitas Jambi, Husni Amir
Published: May 2024

This article aims to discuss the development of ancient Muslim settlements on the west coast of Aceh based on the findings of Islamic gravestones at the Binanga site in Subulussalam City, Aceh. This site is very unique, it is located inland and right on the banks of the Singkel River, which is connected to the highlands of Sumatra. There are 131 Islamic gravestones, and their shapes vary greatly. The results of the morphological analysis show that the gravestones were divided into two groups: Aceh gravestones (batu Aceh) and Barus gravestones (nisan Barus). There are no biographical inscriptions carved on the gravestones, however, the morphological analysis shows that these gravestones date from the 18th to 19th centuries AD. These tombstones indicate that Muslim communities began to settle permanently in the interior of Aceh's west coast in the 1700s. The emergence of these settlements is related to the migration of people from the highlands of Sumatra to the west coast of Aceh, which was motivated by the development of international trade centered in Singkel and its surroundings since the 18th and 19th centuries AD. Thus, the tombstone on this site is very important because gave the clear picture to understand the emergence of Muslim settlements on the west coast of Aceh in the past.
Smartphones and Environmental Sustainability: A Country-Level Analysis
Authors:   Pace University - New York, Shin Namchul , Dedrick Jason ,   Syracuse University
Published: May 2024

Research suggests that information and communication technologies (ICTs) have a nonlinear relationship with CO2 emissions, specifically an inverted U-shaped curve similar to the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). While extant research has investigated the relationship using an ICT index, there has been no research looking at smartphones, the use of which has been closely associated with the explosive growth in the use of mobile apps and a build-out of large information systems to support their use. To address this gap, this research examines the relationship of ICTs and smartphones with CO2 emissions by employing a country-level data set for the period from 2009 to 2017. Our results show that the relationship of ICTs with CO2 emissions takes an inverted U-shaped curve form, consistent with the EKC hypothesis. Our results also show that CO2 emissions increase with initial increases in smartphone capital stock but decrease as smartphone stock increases further. These findings imply that carbon emissions go up with the penetration of ICTs in poorer countries but in wealthier countries, ICT penetration and smartphone stock are related to lower CO2 emissions. The results should not be taken as evidence that ICTs cannot lead to greater sustainability in poorer countries but should be seen as a call for the IS community to help all countries apply existing knowledge and develop new knowledge to use ICTs to reduce emissions in response to the immediate challenge of climate change.
REFLECTION OF PETRO KALNYSHEVSKYS FIGURE IN MODERN DISSERTATIONAL RESEARCHES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kotsur Halyna
Published: May 2024

he purpose of this article is a scientific analysis of the reflection in modern dissertations the figure of the last Kish Ataman of Zaporoz’ka Sich Petro Kalnyshevsky. Chronological boundaries of the study are 1991-2020. During the research general scientific, historical and special-historiographical methods there were used: historiographical analysis and synthesis, biographical, comparative historical and systemic historical, biobibliographical methods. The article deals with the main theoretical and methodological approaches of historians to the study of the figure of Kish Ataman P. Kalnyshevsky as a scientific issue. The degree of the reflection of the most important questions of P. Kalnyshevsky’s biography, his entourage and the formation of a worldview and moral portrait of the Zaporozhian leader in dissertational researches is found out. The coverage and scientists’ interpretation of the economic policy of the Kish Ataman is revealed in dissertations, there are characterized their views on P. Kalnyshevsky’s military operations and military skills, his participation in the Russian-Turkish wars in the eighteenth century . In the dissertational researches of historians there are examined the key disclosure tendencies of charitable actions and spiritual world of P. Kalnyshevsky . During the years of Ukraine's independence, the figure of Petro Kalnyshevsky was comprehensively studied in own dissertations by Yuriy Shovkun and Halyna Kotsur, certain aspects of his life and activity, issues of historiography were analyzed by Svitlana Andreeva, Aliona Brovko, Vita Kotsur, Igor Lyman, Oleksandr Miruschenko and others. The emphasis is placed on the originality of their scientific works and their significance for modern national historiography. There are outlined the insufficiently studied aspects of the issue , the areas of further researches are identified.
FORMATION AND ACTIVITY OF THE DNIPROPETROVSK REGIONAL ASSOCIATION VETERANS OF AFGHANISTAN AT THE END 80S - AT THE BEGINNING 90S of XX CENTURY
Authors:   Pereyaslav-Khmelnytskyi State Pedagogical University named after Hryhoriy Skovoroda, Ostrovyk Dmytro
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The article is based on the materials of the State Archives of Dnipropetrovsk region, traces the formation and activities of the Dnipropetrovsk regional association of Afghanistan veterans at the end 1980s – at the beginning 1990s. The peculiarities of the veterans' movement and the preconditions for separating the «Afghan» cell into a public organization that had the status of a legal entity are highlighted. It is noted the unification of the reserve soldiers’ and soldiers-internationalists’ councils, was facilitated by the then Soviet state policy, which aimed to involve demobilized soldiers in the military-patriotic education of youth, restructuring military-patriotic work in the new socio-political conditions. Problems of military-patriotic education and state support of «Afghans», formalism on the part of Komsomol functionaries, inattentive attitude to the issues of «Afghan» soldiers were witnessed. In addition, among the shortcomings of the «Afghan» movement was the lack of legal personality, a serious material base that would allow to develop work with adolescents, to help «Afghans» with disabilities and the families of fallen soldiers. The program regulations governing the activities of the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Association of Afghanistan Veterans are highlighted. The goals and tasks declared by the public organization are indicated – assistance in medical rehabilitation, provision of material and psychological assistance to «Afghans» with disabilities, families of dead and missing soldiers. The directions of activity of the public organization are traced, the leading place of which belonged to defending social protection of participants of hostilities, persons with disabilities, members of families of the lost «Afghans» (pension, medical maintenance), assistance in rendering various social and household help to families of participants of hostilities.
Swarm based Optimization Algorithms for Task Allocation in Multi Robot Systems: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Suman Sangwan Vandana Dabass,
Published: May 2024

Multi-robot systems (MRS) have gained significant attention due to their potential applications in various domains such as search and rescue, surveillance, and exploration. An essential aspect of MRS is task allocation, which involves distributing tasks among robots efficiently to achieve collective objectives. Swarm-based optimization algorithms have emerged as effective approaches for task allocation in MRS, leveraging principles inspired by natural swarms to coordinate the actions of multiple robots. This paper provides a comprehensive review of swarm-based optimization algorithms for task allocation in MRS, highlighting their principles, advantages, challenges, and applications. The discussion encompasses key algorithmic approaches, including ant colony optimization, particle swarm optimization, and artificial bee colony optimization, along with recent advancements and future research directions in this field.
Characteristics of acute chikungunya virus infection in children: an epidemiological study in the Department of Caaguazú, Paraguay
Authors: Estigarribia-Sanabria Gladys , Rios-González Carlos Miguel , Torales Julio , Morel Zoilo , Agüero Martín , González-Vázquez Gloria , Ríos-Mujica Patricia , Ortiz-Rolón Analía , Méndez-Romero Julieta , Fox-Portillo Claudia , Dos Santos Lourdes , Barrios Iván , Aguilar Gloria
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The rapid transmission and severe symptoms associated with acute chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection in children make it a highly concerning health issue. Objective: This study aimed to describe the characteristics of acute chikungunya virus infection in children from the Department of Caaguazú, Paraguay. Material and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Caaguazú, Paraguay, in 2023, with all patients who came to the Regional Hospital within 5 days of developing characteristic symptoms of acute CHIKV infection and tested positive for the virus by RT-PCR. Patients with Dengue or Zika infections were excluded. We collected data on clinical characteristics using a standardized case record form and created an electronic dataset for analysis. Results: A total of 461 children were included in the study. 51.6% were women. Cases were divided into groups based on pediatric age: infants (0-23 months, n=88, 19.1%), preschoolers (2-5 years, n=115, 24.9%), schoolchildren (6-11 years, n=163, 35.4%), and adolescents (12-17 years and 11 months, n=95, 20.6%). Schoolchildren and adolescents experienced a higher prevalence of myalgia (64.6%) and arthralgia (63.7%). Vomiting (89%), headache (89.4%), and retro-orbital pain (95%) were more common in preschoolers, schoolchildren, and adolescents, while rash (39.5%) and petechiae (18.5%) were more prevalent in infants. Four children died during the study period. Conclusion: The 2023 CHIKV virus epidemic in Paraguay had different clinical presentations depending on the age of the affected children, with fatal outcomes occurring in a small percentage of cases.
From Data to Insights: Leveraging AI and Reciprocal Symmetry for Business Intelligence
Authors: Maddula Sai Sirisha , Shajahan Mohamed Ali , Sandu Arun Kumar
Published: May 2024

This paper examines how business intelligence (BI) uses AI and reciprocal symmetry principles to gain actionable insights from data. The goals are to study the synergy between AI and reciprocal symmetry, their use in BI, and their effects on strategic decision-making. A complete review of AI, reciprocal symmetry, BI literature, research articles, and case studies is used. Secondary data sources are aggregated and evaluated to explain essential concepts and methods in this integrated approach. Significant findings show how reciprocal symmetry-guided AI-driven analytics improves data interpretation and insight production. This integration enhances decision-making, innovation, and industry operations. Policies should address ethical issues, data privacy concerns, and legal frameworks to promote responsible AI adoption and data-driven decision-making transparency. BI can transform with AI and reciprocal symmetry to open new opportunities and gain a competitive advantage. This integrated approach emphasizes constant innovation and adaptation to maximize data potential for strategic business success.
Histopathological and biochemical effect of Liv-52 on rifampicin and isoniazid induced liver toxicity in adult albino rats
Authors: Libamila Hans Lwunza
Published: May 2024

Background: Rifampicin and Isoniazid are two main medicinal drugs used as regimen in the treatment of Tuberculosis. These drugs induce hepatotoxicity. Liv-52, a polyherbal formulation has been shown to have clinical use in the treatment of liver disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the histopathological and biochemical effects of Liv-52 on INH and RIF induced hepatotoxicity.
Methods: Adult albino rats weighing 150g to 250g were used. A total of 24 rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 served as negative control. Hepatotoxicity was achieved by administering 50 mg/kg/day of RIF and INH each as positive control. Hepatoprotective effect was determined by administering Liv-52 concurrently with positive control. Low dose Liv-52 and high dose Liv-52 was administered at (155 mg/kg/day and 207 mg/kg/day) respectively, concurrently with RIF and INH at (50 mg/kg) each orally daily. After 21 days, the albino rats were sacrificed humanely, liver harvested and blood samples taken for estimation of liver serum biomarkers. The livers were processed and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin for histological examination. Significance levels of (p≤0.05).
Results: The three selected liver biochemical parameters (ALT, AST and ALP) significantly increased in positive control group relative to negative control. The hepatoprotective groups (especially the HD Liv-52 group) showed significant reduction in the biochemical parameters. The liver histopathological results confirmed the above findings.
Conclusion: High dose Liv-52 significantly prevents hepatotoxicity induced by antitubercular therapy by inhibiting rise liver biochemical parameters and also ameliorating the deranged liver histomorphological features.
Psychosocial correlates of depression in paediatric patients with epilepsy in a teaching hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Enyidah Nonyenim Solomon , Abazie Chidubem Onyema , Nonye-Enyidah Esther Ijeoma
Published: May 2024

Background: Seizures are the most common paediatric neurological disorder with most children suffering at least one seizure before the age 16yr. The psychosocial comorbidities which adversely affect quality of life especially depression, are often neglected. This study sorts to highlight the psychosocial correlates of depression among these children.
Methods: Recruitment was in a paediatric neurology clinic in a tertiary-level hospital. Children were eligible for recruitment if aged 9-18 and had a diagnosis of epilepsy as confirmed by a neurologist, in care for a period of more than 3 months, and parents gave consent. Children who met the study inclusion criteria were subjected to a two- stage interview process using CES and DICA-1V tools, designed to screen and confirm depression. These instruments have previously been validated on a Nigerian population. The study was cross section and descriptive, with psychometric evaluation p-values<0.05, statistically significant.
Results: A total of 400 children were offered participation, and 380 were recruited, among them, 117 (30.8%) met the clinical criteria for major depression with 40 (10%) of them in need of urgent medical attention. Males were more depressed, p=0.000, OR: 0.861, respondents aged 9-11yr showed a strong association with depression p=0.001, OR: 1.911. Living arrangements of patients, p=0.001, OR: 0.632, family size (siblings), p=0.004, marital status of mothers, p=0.001, OR: 2.373, turned out significant with mothers’ marital status showing a strong association. Duration of illness and frequency of seizures, showed a very strong association with depression p=0.023, OR:1.203, and p=0.001, OR:1.411 respectively.
Conclusions: The study highlights a strong association between effects of epilepsy and psychosocial wellbeing of children and the high risk posed by unstable family settings on children’s health.
Risk factor for premature rupture of membranes: a clinical study
Authors: Purnamawati Intan
Published: May 2024

Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is the rupture of the amniotic membrane before the onset of labour. Based on the time of occurrence, PROM can be divided into two, namely Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) and Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM). PROM occurs at or after 37 weeks gestation. PPROM, occurs before 37 weeks gestation.
Methods: This study is a descriptive retrospective analytical observational study with cross sectional method. This research uses SPSS data processing. Data were taken from the medical records of inpatients in the maternity ward at Bima Hospital in the period January-December 2023.
Results: The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant relationship in the maternal age factor of less than 20 years by 70.6%. Risk factors in the education sample were most prevalent in low education level at 62.7%. The risk factor of gestational age of the sample was mostly found in preterm gestation (less than 37 weeks) showing a significant relationship to the incidence of PROM by 66.6%.  In the risk factor of parity most in primigravida is 66.6%.
Conclusions: In this study there is a relationship of risk factors that affect the occurrence of premature rupture of membranes in the maternity ward of Bima Hospital, namely maternal age less than 20 years, low education level, with preterm gestational age or less than 37 weeks and primigravida parity.
Comparative study between open versus laparoscopic inguinal hernioplasty
Authors: A. P. Manjunath , K. N. Rajesh , H. R. Pallavi , Jayaram V. Harsha
Published: May 2024

Background: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the commonly performed procedure and has undergone a paradigm shift from open to laparoscopic approach in the era of minimally invasive surgery but the superiority is still debatable. The aim was to compare open (Lichtenstein) versus laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal approach (TAPP) hernia repair techniques.
Methods: A total of 60 patients were enrolled in the study and divided into two equal groups (open versus laparoscopic) were compared.
Results: It was observed that laparoscopic repair (TAPP) has statistically significant superiority than open inguinal hernioplasty in terms of lesser post-operative pain (VAS score of 4.8±0.66, 3.67±0.66, 2.53±0.82 versus 6.7±0.92, 5.03±0.72, 3.83±0.65 at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours post operatively, p value <0.001), shorter duration of hospital stay (3.1±0.71 days versus 5.83±0.75 days, p value <0.001) and early resumption to regular activities (10.57±2.28 days versus 12.2±1.52 days, p value 0.002). It also showed that incidence intra operative and post-operative complications was lesser in laparoscopic group but not statistically significant. Whereas duration of surgery was prolonged in laparoscopic group (104±27.49 min versus 61.5±17.08 min, p value <0.001).
Conclusions: Laparoscopic inguinal hernioplasty (TAPP) is superior to open inguinal hernioplasty in terms of lesser intra operative and post-operative complications, lesser post-operative pain, shorter duration of hospital stay with early resumption to regular activities having better subjective and objective cosmetic results in short term follow-up. However, duration of surgery was prolonged on comparison with Lichtenstein open inguinal hernioplasty.
Efficacy of 0.5% levobupivacaine with clonidine 30 μg versus 0.5% levobupivacaine with 150 μg buprenorphine for USG guided interscalene brachial plexus block for shoulder, upper and middle humerus surgeries: a prospective randomized double blinded comparative study
Authors: Shaik Rehana , Latha Sneha , Rama Rao Mokkarala , Paleti Sophia
Published: May 2024

Background: Ultrasound imaging is increasingly used for peripheral nerve blocks, offering real-time visualization of nerves, surrounding structures, and needle tips. Levobupivacaine, a local anesthetic, provides excellent intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. Buprenorphine, a partial µ-opioid receptor agonist, and clonidine, an α2 adrenergic agonist, also offer postoperative analgesia. We aimed to compare levobupivacaine with clonidine versus levobupivacaine with buprenorphine for ultrasound-guided interscalene block for shoulder and upper-arm surgeries. This study aimed to determine the onset and duration of sensory and motor block, duration of postoperative analgesia, hemodynamics, complications, and sedation.
Methods: Patients scheduled for elective shoulder and upper-middle humerus surgeries received either levobupivacaine with clonidine or levobupivacaine with buprenorphine. Assessments include onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, analgesia duration, sedation, side effects, and block quality. Onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, and analgesia duration was analyzed using unpaired T-Test.
Results: Levobupivacaine with clonidine group showed longer duration of analgesia (595±148 mins) compared to levobupivacaine with buprenorphine group (445±44.16 mins), with a significant difference (P<0.039).
Conclusions: Levobupivacaine with clonidine provided excellent blockade quality, and both clonidine and buprenorphine added to levobupivacaine offered good surgical and postoperative analgesia. However, levobupivacaine with clonidine significantly prolonged postoperative analgesia compared to buprenorphine.
Carotid intima-media thickness in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a study from eastern part of India
Authors: Narayan Ruchika , Ahmad M. Shamim
Published: May 2024

Background: Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a reliable marker of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Association between CIMT with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is well known; however, such data are limited from India. This study aimed to assess CIMT in NAFLD patients compared to the healthy control, its relationship with other metabolic covariates, and predators of increased CIMT.
Methods: In an observational study, involving 150 subjects (84 NAFLD and 66 healthy controls), B-mode ultrasound was used for the evaluation of CIMT.
Results: The mean CIMT was significantly higher in NAFLD patients compared to the control group: 0.77±0.27 versus 0.57±0.11 mm on left side, p<0.001 and 0.79±0.22 versus 0.54±0.12 mm on right side, p<0.001. The difference was significant even after adjustment of metabolic confounders. Eight NAFLD patients had carotid plaques compared to none in the controls. The mean CIMT did not differ significantly between lean, overweight and obese subjects. A progressive increase in mean CIMT was noted with increasing grades of hepatic steatosis. High CIMT values (>95th percentile value in controls, 0.79 mm) were found in 52.3% of NAFLD. On multivariate regression analysis, age [odds ratio (OR) 1.42, p<0.001], serum HDL cholesterol [OR 0.92), p=0.02] and NAFLD [OR: 3.5, p<0.001] were found to be independently associated with high CIMT.
Conclusions: NAFLD was significantly associated with CIMT which increased progressively with increasing grades of hepatic steatosis. Over half of NAFLD had increased CIMT, and NAFLD along with higher age and lower HDL- cholesterol independently predicted high CIMT values.
Spontaneous laceration of spleen with hilar lymph node metastasis: a case of primary splenic mantle cell lymphoma in elderly
Authors: Bhargav Mithlesh , Mehrotra Bandana , Kapoor Ashok , Raj Gopal Vaibhav
Published: May 2024

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin (B-cell) lymphoma (NHL) with manifestations ranging from indolent to aggressive disease. It arises from mantle zone or primary follicle lymphocytes and is associated with translocation t (11;14) which is seen in almost all cases. Most of the cases present at stage III/IV with hepatospenomegaly, generalized lymphadenopathy, bone marrow involvement or lymphoid polyposis. Rate of relapse is high occurring in 50-60% patients and 5-year survival rates are low ~27-30%. Median overall survival is 3.5 years. Age >60 years, raised serum LDH, high mitotic count, Ki67>30%, blastoid or pleomorphic variants, TP53 mutation, gains in 3q,11q and deletions of 13q as well as 17p are important prognostic factors associated with worst outcome. Treatment involves conventional chemo-immunotherapy and stem cell transplantation (SCT). In our case the elderly patient had an atraumatic splenic rupture with no past medical history of trauma. The patient presented to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain in left upper quadrant. Thus emergency splenectomy was executed successfully, and the patient was stabilized. After receiving initial cycle of R-CHOP regime, he was lost to follow up. In this case report, we will discuss the clinical presentation, as well as current treatment guidelines for atraumatic splenic rupture.
Analysis of mixed connective disorder: a case report
Authors: Mohammed Muzammil , Mohammed Riyaz
Published: May 2024

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) as an autoimmune disorder with characteristics that resemble systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and polymyositis. Due to this overlap, MCTD is often categorized as an overlap disease. As the disease progresses, symptoms may become more indicative of one of the three primary illnesses, accompanied by elevated levels of anti-U1RNP antibody. 30yrs female Patient presented with a classical malar rash as the initial presentation, followed by the development of a painful red lesion on the knuckles over a few weeks. Additionally, the patient observed a hypopigmented large lesion on the forearm resembling vitiligo, with a salt and pepper appearance. Upon clinical evaluation and further extensive investigation, the patient was diagnosed with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). On further evaluation the anti-U1RNP antibody, ANA, was positive and patient was treated on lines of MCTD. Patient responded well to the treatment. Our case suggests that mixed connective tissue disease if recognised early with symptoms and signs and workup we can prevent the shift to other connective tissue diseases over a long period; therefore, it is necessary to identify whether patients with mixed connective tissue disease fulfil the diagnostic criteria for other connective tissue diseases when new manifestations appear.
Morbidity pattern among tribal farmers in a selected district of Tripura, India
Authors: Das Dipak Kumar , Dhar Murali
Published: May 2024

Background: Tribal communities in Tripura comprise 31.76% of the state's total population. The tribal people of Tripura are primarily farmers, and in spite of concerns about their poor health and unfulfilled requirements, they continue to get healthcare in isolated locations where there are obstacles such as undernourishment, a lack of medical facilities, and a labor scarcity. The study's objective is to ascertain the morbidity pattern among tribal farmers in Tripura.
Methods: In 2021 after receiving approval from IIPS, Mumbai, selected farmers from Dhalai district were surveyed. We utilised cross-tabulation, chi2, PCA and straightforward logistic regression.
Results: Only 5.17% of the sample population had higher education, 54.1% overall was male, and 23.1% were smokers. Jhum (Hill) cultivation was used by 15.5%, while regular (plain) farming was used by 84.5%. Tribal farmers in Tripura were suffered by both acute and chronic diseases. Diarrhoea and fever amongst acute diseases seemed to have the highest prevalence rates (1.82% each), whereas jaundice and reproductive tract infections have the lowest levels (0.30 each). Asthma had the highest prevalence (3.65%) among the chronic diseases, followed by hypertension (2.74%). The morbidity rate decreased as education levels rose. Normal cultivators and the cultivators who worked more times were more likely to have both acute and chronic diseases than jhum cultivators.
Conclusions: It is possible to draw the conclusion that farmers didn't lead a healthy lifestyle and suffered from diseases. The study's findings could serve as a foundation for developing economic, educational, and medical plans for tribal farmers to safeguard them from health risks and workplace dangers.
Visual outcome and patient satisfaction in patients undergoing cataract surgery with premium intraocular lens implantation
Authors: Khatri Jitesh , Gupta Vijay , Garg Pragya , Bairwa Pushpendra
Published: May 2024

Background: Cataract is a one of the leading cause of treatable visual impairment. Premium intraocular lens (IOL) implantation refers to the use of advanced and high-quality lenses during cataract surgery. Objective was to study the visual outcome with astigmatism correction in patients following multifocal, trifocal and EDOF IOL implantation.
Methods: This hospital-based interventional study was carried on 33 patients who underwent cataract surgery with premium IOL implantation. Patients with astigmatism exceeding 1 dioptre who expressed willingness for premium IOL implantation were included in the study.
Results: In the study, visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were assessed in patients who underwent Premium IOL implantation at 1 week, 6 weeks, and 3-months post-surgery. Results indicated a notable decrease in uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UCIVA), and uncorrected near visual acuity (UCNVA) compared to preoperative values across all premium IOL groups. However, contrast sensitivity exhibited a significant improvement at these specified time points after the premium IOL implantation.
Conclusions: In our study, all premium IOLs effectively corrected astigmatism and met patient satisfaction needs. However, toric IOLs exhibited notably higher patient satisfaction compared to EDOF, multifocal, and trifocal IOLs.
Gyrated Intervention in Endodontics
Authors: Rastogi Dr. Shatakshi , Jain Dr. Gaurav , Misra Dr. Pradyumna
Published: May 2024

The opus “Gyrated Intervention in Endodontics” serves as a beacon of knowledge, guiding both novice and seasoned dental professionals through the nuances of rotary endodontics with precision and clarity. This book is a testament to the power of blending established techniques with creative and innovative concepts and highlighting the dynamic relationship between traditional and modern approaches. It also emphasizes the crucial significance of rotary procedures for long-lasting dental success, and expertly clarifies their role in shaping the landscape of patient care both now and in the future.

Starting with the historical evolution of rotary instruments, this book delves into advanced techniques and emerging technologies that shape the future of endodontics. The level of care and precision that went into the creation of this volume is truly remarkable. Every aspect of this literature has been exquisitely designed to provide a thorough understanding of the subject. The pages are adorned with insightful case studies, illustrative diagrams, and step-by-step guides, transforming complex concepts into accessible wisdom.

The culmination of tireless research, clinical expertise, and a passion for excellence, Rotary Endodontics” stands as an exemplification to the collaborative efforts of pioneers in the field. As you reach the final lines, reflect on the transformative impact this book can have on your professional journey. It acts as a beacon for students and practitioners guiding them towards a comprehensive understanding of the delicate balance between established principles and cutting-edge techniques.
Massive mandibular ameloblastoma masquerading malignancy: A unique case
Authors: Singh Rakesh Kumar , Jha Shruti , Mala Mani , Kumar Amod , Goit Sanjeet
Published: May 2024

Ameloblastomas are odontogenic tumours that arise from the maxilla and mandible. They are mostly benign but can seldom turn malignant. Their low incidence (<1-3%) and ambiguous presentation can often pose a diagnostic dilemma for the clinician. They are mostly diagnosed with the help of contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans and confirmed by characteristic findings on histopathological examination. We present a case of a 14-year-old boy presenting with a firm to hard external swelling on the right side of his face and extensive intraoral mass, which showed features of a bony malignancy but was subsequently diagnosed with ameloblastoma.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a young adolescent with unilatral palatal palsy and neck mass – A rare case report
Authors: Jangra Parmod , Kumar Bhavesh , Kumar Pratik , Nenkha Bamin
Published: May 2024

Less than 1% of all head and neck neoplasms are juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas, a cancer almost exclusively found in adolescent males. Here we present a case report of 14 year old male presented with neck swelling, nasal discharge mixed with blood, right sided proptosis and right sided palatal palsy where we performed CECT scan of the patient which showed homogenous opacity over nasopharynx extending to soft palate and posteriorly to C1 vertebra and DNE was performed. Later patient was planned for DNE along with biopsy which came out to be undifferentiated non-keratinized squamous cell carcinoma grade III. Further patient received external beam intensity modulated radiation therapy with complete response to treatment.
Radiographic evaluation of hard tissue changes in open flap technique versus flapless technique for implant placement
Authors: Kumari Priyanka , Khatri Manish , Bansal Mansi , Rehan MD. , Prakash Amit
Published: May 2024

Open flap technique allows the clinician to directly visualize the alveolar bone and assess bone morphology of the ridge.However, this technique is relatively invasive and causes patient discomfort and marginal bone loss due to decreased supraperiosteal blood supply whereas the Flapless technique is one of the latest minimally invasive surgical methods of implant placement without the need to raise a mucoperiosteal flap to overcome the bone resorption process.

The present study was designed to evaluate the hard tissue changes in open flap technique versus flapless ṭechnique for implant placement at the different time interval.

Minimum thirty edentulous sites from Out Patient Department, Department of Periodontology (IDST) were randomly allocated to the following two groups by the flip of coin: Group I - Implant with open flap technique (fifteen sites) and Group II - Implant with flapless technique (fifteen sites). Patients were evaluated radiographically for crestal bone loss (mesial and distal) at Baseline (Immediately after implant placement), At the time of prosthetic loading and 3 months after prosthetic loading in both the groups.

The result of the present study revealed that Sites where implants were placed with flapless technique showed lesser mean crestal bone loss scores as compared to sites where implants were placed with open flap technique, although the difference was insignificant.

It can be concluded that flapless procedure may be considered as a better treatment option as compared to implant placed with open flap technique in terms of minimal pain, inflammation and less crestal bone loss associated with flapless technique than open flap technique.
Contas econômicas ambientais da água: uma análise comparativa global
Authors: Meurer Sara , Van Bellen Hans Michael
Published: May 2024

Contas da água surgem para expressar os seus volumes físicos no ambiente e na economia, bem como os aspectos econômicos do fornecimento e uso da água. Portanto, possibilita que os formadores de políticas públicas tomem decisões mais adequadas para o gerenciamento do recurso. Assim, a pesquisa objetiva analisar como diferentes países evidenciam suas contas econômicas ambientais da água. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um modelo de análise categorial composto por 120 categorias, embasadas na metodologia SEEA-Water, analisadas em 13 países. Os resultados apontam a elevada aderência das tabelas físicas de fornecimento e uso da água, interpretadas como “ponto de partida” para a compilação das contas da água. Contudo, contas de emissões na água não foram priorizadas, possivelmente pela indisponibilidade de dados. Tratando-se de contas híbridas e contas de ativos hídricos, ambas se encontram em andamento. Entre os países, Brasil, Costa Rica e México obtiveram maior nível de adequação ao modelo proposto.
Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and the Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Yousefi Rad Esmaeil , Kavei Parivash , Akbari Soheila , Vahid Farhad , Hebert James R , Falahi Ebrahim , Birjandi Mehdi , Saboori Somayeh
Published: May 2024

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an inflammation-related condition and a common metabolic disorder in women at fertility ages. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is a validated nutritional tool for estimating the inflammatory potential of the diet. It is assumed that a high DII score (indicating a predominantly inflammatory diet) has an association with higher odds of PCOS. The current study aimed to investigate the association between DII and PCOS risk in women.  Methods: This case-control study was conducted in 2019-2020 on 120 newly-diagnosed PCOS cases and 120 healthy controls aged 18-45 years in Khorramabad, Iran. DII was estimated based on a validated 168-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Results: The mean±SD of DII in PCOS patients was 0.40±2.09, while it was 0.45±1.92 in the control group (P<0.001). There was a positive association between increasing DII score and the risk of PCOS (odds ratio= 2.41; 95%CI: 1.15-5.02, P for trend =0.006) in the crude model as the fourth quartile was compared with the lowest one. This association was still significant in several models after adjusting for age and energy intake (P for trend <0.001), in the model adjusted for the physical activity level, education status, and family history of PCOS (P for trend=0.003), and also after additional adjustment for BMI (P for trend= 0.003). Conclusions: The present study revealed that consuming more pro-inflammatory diets with higher DII scores is related to an increased risk of PCOS.
Assessment of Indigenous Hill People of Meghalaya, India regarding Household Food Access
Authors: Bhagat Deepak , Priyamvada Shweta
Published: May 2024

Background: While the broad issue of food security has generally received attention of the researchers, the particularities in hills and mountains has remained neglected. Thus, to provide some insights on food insecurity regarding mountain specificities, the current study aims to evaluate household food access of indigenous hill people in Meghalaya, India. Methods: Food access is a measure of household’s ability to acquire available food over a given period.  In the current study, a sample of 900 people from indigenous population were randomly selected from rural Khasi, Garo and Jaintia Hills of Meghalaya. Household food access was explored with the following indicators: household wealth and income; household dietary diversity score (HDDS), and food consumption score (FCS). Data collection was done during December, 2019 to September, 2020. Results: The sample households are characterised by the predominance of marginal farmers (93% to 97%). Most of them were in the category of borderline food security with the FCS of between 21.5 to 35.0. Starchy staples were considered the main component of their diet. Their dietary diversity was significantly correlated with income (correlation coefficient=0.22) and wealth (correlation coefficient=0.38) at 0.01 level of significance. Conclusion: As dietary diversity at household is related to income and wealth, scarcity of income and wealth regarding indigenous hill population was an obvious reason for poor dietary diversity and the resultant poor dietary quality at the household level. To increase local food production and improve dietary diversity of indigenous hill people, revitalizing and strengthening local food systems is of great significance.
The Effect of Sodium Nitrite Replacement with Lycopene Pigment in German Sausage and Evaluation of Its Physicochemical, Antimicrobial and Sensory Properties
Authors: Nateghi Leila , Zarei Fatemeh , Afshari Kian Pahlevan
Published: May 2024

Background: Meat products contain sodium nitrite. Consumer demand for natural preservatives instead of synthetic ones in foods has been growing in recent years because of their safety. Today, good quality meat products are produced worldwide, and in addition to desirable sensory properties, they are cheaper than fresh meat. Sausage with 40% red meat is one of these products which can partially meet the need for animal proteins. Methods: In this study, sodium nitrite was replaced by lycopene pigment at concentrations of 200, 400 and 600 ppm in 40% meat sausage. Physicochemical properties of sausage samples including moisture, protein, ash contents and pH value were measured according to National Standard. Microbial tests (Clostridium, mold, yeast and Clostridium perfringens count) were performed according to National Standards. The colorimetric lightness index (L*) of the sausage samples was measured. Sensory properties (smell and taste) were compared with control sample (40% meat sausage contain 120 ppm sodium nitrite) after 30 days of storage. Data were analyzed using Duncan's one-way analysis of variance at 95% confidence level through Minitab 16 software. Results: After 30 days of storage, no significant (P>0.05) difference was found in physicochemical properties, microbial tests, lightness index (L*), and sensory properties among the samples. Conclusions: Since no significant difference was observed in microbial load and sensory scores between sausage sample containing 600 ppm lycopene pigment and control sample, 600 ppm lycopene pigment can be used in sausage formulation.