bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De una carrera de números primos a una carrera de series divergentes
Authors: Miramontes de León Gerardo , Miramontes de León Diego
Published: March 2022

En la distribución de números primos clases 4n + 3 y 4n + 1, se observa una competencia o “carrera” por cuál contiene más números primos. Chébyshev observó que la primera contiene más que la segunda. Aquí se conjetura que hay un infinito número de veces que esta competencia, Δπ = π(4n + 3) − π(4n + 1), no tiene un líder y que esto ocurre menos veces que la observación de Chébyshev, y más veces que la distribución de Littlewood, es decir, #{Infinitas_veces Δπ > 0} > #{Infinitas_veces Δπ = 0} > #{Infinitas_veces Δπ < 0}. Con base en esta idea se presenta una carrera de números subarmónicos divergentes, en la cual la diferencia entre un número subarmónico y otro, es un valor finito que se puede calcular y su valor asintótico es válido para las series infinitas.
Sólidos de Revolución y suma de Riemann en GeoGebra
Authors: Vergara Ibarra José L.
Published: March 2022

Una forma de aproximar el volumen de sólidos de revolución, es el método de los discos. Este método requiere encontrar la suma de los volúmenes de discos representativos para acercarse al volumen del sólido. Cuando se incrementa el número de discos, la aproximación tiende a ser más precisa. En este artículo se muestra este método diseñado de forma dinámica mediante GeoGebra, además de otras formas conocidas de aproximar el volumen, tal es el caso del método de las arandelas y el método de las capas. Otra de las utilidades didácticas que se muestra a través de este trabajo es calcular el volumen con GeoGebra por sumas de Riemann y la integral definida bajo la definición formal de cada método.
Promotion of the Control of Variables Strategy Through Structured-Inquiry and Implicit Guidance Among 6- to 7-Year-Olds
Authors: Reuter Timo , Weber Anke Maria , Flottmann Julia , Leuchter Miriam
Published: March 2022

Planning and conducting experiments require the application of the control of variables strategy (CVS). Research indicates that older children can learn the CVS by engaging in guided-inquiry activities. It has not been studied yet whether this is also the case for children as young as 6- to 7-years. 145 children aged 6–7 years participated in a study with a pre-, post-, follow-up test design comprising two experimental groups (EG 1, EG 2) and a control group (CG). EG 1 and EG 2 received a structured-inquiry lesson, thus, carrying out six predetermined experiments with an adult's implicit guidance. While the lesson in EG 1 was in the same physics domain as the test's physics domain, in EG 2 the lesson's physics domain differed from the test's domain. The CG did not experiment. We assessed children's CVS ability with a multiple-choice test. Results suggested that some children in the EGs learned the CVS, whereas in the CG, no learning effects occurred. However, most children in the EGs did not gain in the CVS ability, indicating that the small dose of six experiments in one physics domain was insufficient for learning the CVS.
HAJDEGER O BAUMGARTENU
Authors: POPOVIĆ UNA
Published: March 2022

Rad je posvećen tumačenju nekoliko Hajdegerovih komentara o Baumgartenu iz predavanja Pitanje o stvari. Analiza pokazuje da Hajdeger u vezi sa Baumgartenom ističe odnos metafizike i estetike, te da zasnivanje estetike vidi kao implicitno vođeno novovekovnim razumevanjem bivstvujućeg kao stvari i predmeta čulnog opažanja. Rezultat analize ukazuje na važno mesto kritike Baumgartena u pogledu projekta prevladavanja estetike, te omogućava dublje razumevanje nekih od osnovnih postavki Hajdegerove filozofije umetnosti.
GADAMEROVO „PONAVLJANJE“ MIMEZISA I
Authors: TATALOVIĆ NIKOLA
Published: March 2022

Istraživanje prati osnovne momente Gadamerove rehabilitacije pojma mimezis koji je od odlučujućeg značaja za izgradnju celine njegovog projekta filozofske hermeneutike. Istraživanje ukazuje na temeljne pretpostavke koje rukovode Gadamerovim vraćanjem „izvornom” smislu mimezisa. Analizirajući Gadamerovo razumevanje pojma igre, preobražaja u tvorevinu i vremenskog karaktera umetničkog dela, istraživanje nastoji da ukaže na temeljnu određenost Gadamerovog pojma mimezis platonističkom tradicijom, pre svega neoplatonizmom. U pogledu na platonistički postavljenu igru razumevanja mimezisa koja se kreće kroz sukob istine kao korespondencije i istine kao samoprikazivanja bitka, analize u konačnom pokazuju da je kod Gadamera na delu opetovanje, a ne ponavljanje mimezisa, te se ukazuje na nužnost napuštanja pojma istine ukoliko se zaista želi izvršiti ponavljanje mimezisa. Prvi deo istraživanja, prezentovan u ovome radu, ima za cilj provođenje najvećeg dela prethodno navedenih analiza kako bi se u drugom delu istraživanja obrazložio prethodno istaknuti zaključak u pogledu karaktera Gadamerovog pojma mimezisa.
MARXISM AND RELIGION: A JOURNEY WITH GRAMSCI
Authors: MARIA GNERRE ORAZIO
Published: March 2022

The relationship between Marxism and religion has often been taken for granted. In fact, history shows how these areas have never been completely isolated and, at times, they have come together. In this article we will reflect on this relationship through some elements of primary importance in the discourse of Antonio Gramsci, as a theorist of the philosophy of praxis. We will compare some elements of the Sardinian author's thought with that of three protagonists of Catholic philosophical and political thought from as many different backgrounds: Joseph De Maistre, for the conservative sphere; Gilbert Keith Chesterton, for the Republican-Democrat; James Connolly, for the Communist one.
EPISTĒMĒ VS SCIENCE
Authors: G. PAPAGEORGIOU KONSTANTINOS , E. LEKKAS DEMETRIOS
Published: March 2022

Is “science” the corresponding concept of its Greek progenitor, epistēmē? Traditionally, they were thought of as identical concepts. They are not, in more than one way, and the reader is called to evaluate them not based on their chronological order but on the specific systemic characteristics presented here. The crucial difference between the epistemonic (from epistēmē) method and the scientific method will also be presented. One of the main differences that will be discussed is related to logic, both as a concept and as a theory. What the authors present here is by no means a synthesis of past ideas; we do acknowledge that some similar ideas might have appeared in the past but never in the form presented here or within the system proposed in what follows. This work is not about who did not say whatever we propose or who might have some similar thoughts within some irrelevant context. All ideas here stem from original work done solely by us and the ensuing system is unique and of utmost important being also an external critique – the only truly external critique – to the institution of modern science and to the grave inconsistencies “scientists” cannot (for whatever reason) notice in it anymore.
PROBLEM TREĆE ANTINOMIJE
Authors: ĐIKANOVIĆ MINA
Published: March 2022

U tekstu se istražuje način na koji je Kant nastojao da okonča viševekovnu diskusiju o odnosu između prirode i slobode. Uz paralogizme i ideal, antinomije predstavljaju „sofizme čistog uma“. Tzv. treća antinomija izlaže sukob oprečnih pogleda na odnos između prirode i slobode, odnosno, nužnosti i slobode. Kant smatra da će podvajanjem sveta otkriti mogući prostor za čovekovu slobodu i pokazati da se treća antinomija sama od sebe razrešava na način koji nije poguban po zbilju.
POGLEDI NA DIREKTNU DEMOKRATIJU I SAMOUPRAVLJANJE IZ PERSPEKTIVE ČASOPISA PRAXIS
Authors: JANKOVIĆ MILOŠ
Published: March 2022

U radu se analiziraju tekstovi jugoslovenskih autora časopisa Praxis tokom jedanaestogodišnje produkcije i daje se prikaz različitih pogleda na direktnu (delegatsku, participativnu) demokratiju i radničko, odnosno društveno, samoupravljanje. Na osnovu različitih razumevanja normativnih modela direktne demokratije i samoupravljanja identifikuju se četiri glavne linije kritike koje se mogu okarakterisati kao: 1) etatizam, 2) nedovoljna demokratizacija, 3) neintegralnost samoupravljanja i 4) tržišna orijentacija. Kritike se, s jedne strane, međusobno dopunjuju, dok su s druge strane postavljene jedne nasuprot drugih.
ОДРЕЂЕЊА ИЗВОРНОГ ЗНАЧЕЊА PHYSIS-А КАО ПРОБЛЕМ ОНТОЛОГИЈЕ
Authors: МИЉЕВИЋ АНА
Published: March 2022

Питање изворног значења φύσις-а поставља се зарад наше властите онтолошке позиционираности, зарад савремености у којој и којом битно јесмо. Овај рад стога испитује семантику корена φύσις-а, хеленску основу φυ-, и одатле могућу везу са εἶναι. Уколико значења φύσις-а, с обзиром на етимолошку основу речи, леже између раста, подстицања на раст и бивствовања, поставља се питање раслојавања значења у његовој употреби у песништву. У раду се испитује дата вишезначност кроз однос θεῖον-а и φύσις-а. Издвајају се три момента овог односа која су присутна у митском мишљењу: козмо-теогонијски, логосно-виталистички и етосно-вредносни. Теза је да се са ових хриди митског φύσις може сагледати у свом изворном значењу као (з)бивање којим биће јесте. Теза се испитује на примеру значења φύσις-а у Хомеровој Одисеји.
EFEKTIVITAS MINDFULNESS THERAPY DALAM MENINGKATKAN SELF ACCEPTANCE REMAJA BROKEN HOME : LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Amida Cindy Septiana  , Abdul Muhid
Published: March 2022

Perceraian pada orang tua akan berdampak pada kondisi psikososial remaja. Adanya perceraian orang tua membuat remaja lebih rentan memiliki masalah pada aspek penerimaaan diri. Remaja broken home seringkali melakukan beberapa perilaku menyimpang, seperti membolos sekolah, memakai obat-obatan terlarang, dan sebagainya. Hal tersebut dilakukan remaja sebagai gambaran bahwa mereka belum bisa menerima kondisi perceraian tersebut. Sehingga, perlu adanya pemberdayaan psikologis yang dilakukan kepada remaja broken home untuk meningkatkan self acceptance mereka. Tujuan : tujuan dilakukannya Literature review ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas terapi mindfulness dalam meningkatkan penerimaan diri remaja broken home. Metode : Metode literature review digunakan dengan cara mengumpulkan data mengenai fenomena yang diangkat melalui berbagai sumber, baik jurnal, buku, maupun referensi lainnya yang relevan dengan masalah dan topik. Kesimpulan : terapi mindfulness dinilai efektif dalam meningkatkan self acceptance remaja broken home.
PERANAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETRAMPILAN LEARNING TIME MANAGEMENT PADA PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Widyastuti Awalin , Kun Widya Nurfiani  , Glonda Aji Desembra
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya tingkat keterampilan manajemen waktu belajar yang harus dimiliki oleh peserta siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti dan mendapatkan informasi sebarapa besar tingkat perkembangan keterampilan learning time management peserta didik setelah mendapatkan layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan tehnik focus group discussion.  Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan sumber bacaan yang relevan dan tersedia terkait dengan topik yang dibahas dalam penelitian. Sampel artikel jurnal yang diambil sebanyak 5 dan menggunakan proses screening. Desain penelitian menggunakan table ekstraksi data dari 5 artikel jurnal yang digunakan sebagai studi pustaka untuk dilakukan analisis uraian pembahasan. Hasil studi pustaka menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan manajemen waktu belajar yang berartiterjad(Gunawan 2018)i apabila setelahnya diberikan layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan menggunakan tehnik focus discussion group. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa “ada pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap keterampilan peserta didik dalam manajemen waktu belajar”.
PENGARUH SOSIAL-BUDAYA AKADEMIK TERHADAP KESADARAN BERAGAMA: IMPLIKASI TERHADAP KONSELING RELIGIUS DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Wahidin Wahidin , Muhamad Rozikan  , Dina Fatma Septiani
Published: March 2022

Perguruan Tinggi Islam memiliki tujuan yang spesifik yaitu menanamkan nilai-nilai Islami dalam proses pembelajaran, sehingga tumbuhnya kesadaran beragama yang kokoh bagi mahasiswa. Kesadaran beragama diartikan sebagai rasa keagamaan, pengalaman ke-Tuhanan, keimanan yang diwujdukan dalam sikap dan perilaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh lingkungan sosial dan budaya akademik terhadap kesadaran beragama mahasiswa serta implikasinya terhadap konseling religius di perguruan tinggi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah korelasional dengan teknik analisis regresi. Responden penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan IAIN Salatiga, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 171 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa lingkungan sosial dan budaya akademik secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif terhadap kesadaran beragama. Berdasarkan hasil temuan, implikasi terhadap bimbingan dan konseling religius diperlukan pendekatan yang komprehensif untuk memperdayakan potensi  mahasiswa secara utuh.
Desenvolvimento e validação de um instrumento para avaliação dos conhecimentos e atitudes educacionais de farmacêuticos docentes frente aos serviços clínicos realizados por farmacêuticos
Authors: Alves Juscelino , Silva Lunara Tele , Lopes Flavio Marques
Published: March 2022

Ao longo dos anos, a educação em saúde tem passado por alterações curriculares por meio de legislações específicas que norteiam o ensino superior no Brasil. O ensino farmacêutico tem se aproximado do eixo cuidado em saúde, especialmente com a regulamentação de suas atribuições clínicas definidas pela Resolução nº 585 de 2013 do Conselho Federal de Farmácia e pela aprovação das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais dos cursos de farmácia no ano de 2017 estimuladas pelas políticas internacionais promovidas pela Federação Internacional de Farmácia, Organização Mundial de Saúde e Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, Ciência e Cultura. Frente estas transformações, as avaliações se apresentam como importante estratégia de aferição dos avanços e das barreiras a serem superadas, para a promoção de um ensino clínico baseado em competências. Considerando o contexto das transformações educacionais e profissionais na profissão farmacêutica, este estudo tem o objetivo de desenvolver e validar um instrumento para avaliação dos conhecimentos e atitudes educacionais dos farmacêuticos docentes, relacionados aos serviços clínicos. Para tanto, optou-se por um estudo descritivo de abordagem quali-quantitativa, estruturado em três partes: 1) desenvolvimento do instrumento; 2) validação de conteúdo por meio do método Delphi e; 3) avaliação da consistência interna do questionário. A amostra do estudo foi obtida pela aplicação da técnica bola de neve, envolvendo 55 participantes...
Suporte básico de vida como disciplina obrigatória nos cursos de graduação em saúde
Authors: Ferreira Júnior Manoel Patrocínio , Silva Filho Solidonio Angelo da , Angelo Rita di Cássia de Oliveira
Published: March 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a oferta do conteúdo de Suporte Básico de Vida quanto às diretrizes da American Heart Association e da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia nos cursos de graduação em saúde, procedendo uma análise comparativa entre os Projetos Pedagógicos Curriculares e o confronto com a legislação atual. Trata-se de pesquisa documental qualitativa e descritiva, cujos critérios de análise foram presença de componente curricular de urgência e emergência; presença da temática abordada em outra disciplina; conteúdo abordado individualmente ou em conjunto com Suporte Avançado de Vida; presença do conteúdo na ementa e nas referências bibliográficas da componente curricular; relação carga horária teórico-prática e período de oferta da disciplina. Foram selecionadas cinco instituições de ensino superior no estado de Pernambuco, sendo duas da rede pública de ensino e três da rede privada. Os conteúdos curriculares dos cursos de graduação em Enfermagem, Fisioterapia e Nutrição das cinco instituições foram avaliados; verificou-se uma defasagem dos cursos de graduação em Fisioterapia e Nutrição, em relação aos de Enfermagem, quanto à oferta do conteúdo Suporte Básico de Vida na estrutura da grade curricular. Os achados contrapõem as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais que preconizam a elaboração dos currículos de graduação sob uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, contemplando competências e habilidades necessárias ao desempenho do egresso na inter-relação entre educação e sociedade.
Internacionalização da educação superior at home
Authors: Rubin-Oliveira Marlize , Costa Maria Luisa Dalla
Published: March 2022

Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de explorar a categoria de internacionalização da Educação Superior (ES) - at home     - em casa (IeC) a partir do uso da metodologia ProKnow-C, na base de dados do Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Com o uso da metodologia e de outros critérios elencados, 26 artigos foram selecionados e analisados a partir de três categorias: conceitos, sujeitos e lugares. Para tanto, a perspectiva decolonial contribui com as bases epistemológicas às análises. As análises apontam à necessidade de questionar modelos hegemônicos com ênfase na competição, no reforço às desigualdades e aos modelos norte-euro-centrados. A categoria conceitos indica possibilidades a estudantes, professores, técnicos e comunidade externa de ampliar perspectivas para mundos interculturais e pluriversos.  Entretanto, esses conceitos parecem limitar lugares e sujeitos a partir de características de um padrão moderno/colonial restritas a uma pequena parcela da comunidade universitária.
Hemoglobin Is Not a Biological Fenton Reagent
Authors: Penketh Philip G.
Published: March 2022

Hemoglobin has been reported to be a biological Fenton reagent, as a consequence of oxidations believed to be produced by hydroxyl radicals. These hydroxyl radicals were thought to be generated from the reaction of hemoglobin with hydrogen peroxide. However, the oxidations that were observed were in fact due to the generation of a strongly oxidizing iron (IV) ferryl species, and not due to hydroxyl radicals.
(First online: March 1, 2022)
Metformin Finds Its New Molecular Targets
Authors: ROS Editorial Office
Published: March 2022

Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic drug. Studies over the past year have identified multiple novel molecular targets and pathways that metformin may act on to exert its beneficial effects in treating diabetes and potentially other disorders involving dysregulated inflammation. These newly found targets include mitochondrial complex I, Nrf2-SIRT3 signaling axis, PEN2, and lysosomal proton pump v-ATPase.
(First online: March 1, 2022)
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Madiraju AK, Erion DM, Rahimi Y, Zhang XM, Braddock DT, Albright RA, et al. Metformin suppresses gluconeogenesis by inhibiting mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. Nature 2014; 510(7506):542–6. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13270
Zhou G, Myers R, Li Y, Chen Y, Shen X, Fenyk-Melody J, et al. Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of metformin action. J Clin Invest 2001; 108(8):1167–74. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI13505
Gao P, You M, Li L, Zhang Q, Fang X, Wei X, et al. Salt-Induced hepatic inflammatory memory contributes to cardiovascular damage through epigenetic modulation of SIRT3. Circulation 2022; 145(5):375–91. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055600
Ma T, Tian X, Zhang B, Li M, Wang Y, Yang C, et al. Low-dose metformin targets the lysosomal AMPK pathway through PEN2. Nature 2022. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04431-8
The Role of SOD2 in Migration and Anchorage-Independent Growth of SKOV3 Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Gilligan Siobhan M. , O'Shea McKenna , Davison-Versagli Calli A.
Published: March 2022

The 5-year survival rates for ovarian cancer are 93%, 75%, and 30% for localized, regional, and distant tumors, respectively. These vast differences in survival rates underscore the need to identify novel therapeutic targets that are effective at different stages of tumor progression to better treat all patients diagnosed with this deadly disease.  Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme responsible for eliminating superoxide and preventing oxidative damage to the mitochondria. Recent studies have implicated changes in SOD2 expression levels in multiple cancers, including breast, colorectal, prostate, and head and neck. While studies have begun to unravel the role of SOD2 in ovarian cancer, no one has looked at the specific role SOD2 plays in distinct stages of tumor progression of ovarian cancer. Here, we report SOD2 deficiency (accomplished through utilizing shRNA techniques) results in increased invasive and migratory ability of SKOV3 cells, a commonly used ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line. In contrast, SOD2-deficient SKOV3 cells display abrogated anchorage-independent growth in soft agar. These studies in SKOV3 cells indicate that SOD2 expression hampers invasion and migration critical for early tumor initiation but helps maintain anchorage-independent growth necessary for ovarian cancer metastases. In aggregate, SOD2 plays a context-dependent role in ovarian cancer progression and its utility as a therapeutic target for later-stage anchorage-independent ovarian cancer cells should be further explored.
(First online: March 1, 2022)
What If? Electricity As Energy
Authors: Gautschi David , Gautschi Heidi , Tucci Christopher
Published: March 2022

Responding to the influences of climate change, on the one hand, and selected benefits of digital technology, on the other hand, an energy transition of global scale appears to be underway. Many observers project that a significant element of the energy transition will be a growing dependence on electricity, a dependence possibly doubling by 2050. Such a transformation, however, would likely require re-configuring the architecture of complex, centralized electricity grids, an artifact of a context of more than a century ago. In concert with the energy transition, we argue to modify the objective of the electricity grid to enable efficient, pervasive optimization in local service areas that provides incentives for users to be efficient in their energy use. At the core of our argument is the presentation of economic incentives denominated in an electricity-backed commodity currency such that incumbent electricity generators could augment their economic purpose of electricity production and electricity distribution to include financial intermediation. A direct consequence of this institutional transformation is the opportunity for all users to generate wealth. There are others who have been inspired to conjure ways that energy could be a candidate currency. Our argument is distinctive, though, in exploiting how an institution (the power grid system) could be repositioned and how all agents in the system could benefit by the institutionalization of electricity as money.
Coupling TPACK Instructional Model With Computing Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Determine Technical and Vocational Education Teacher’s Computer and ICT Tools Competence
Authors: Kanbul Sezer , Adamu Idris , Usman A. G. , Abba S. I.
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, emerging technologies have changed the places of work through computers and ICT tools, which have revolutionized teaching and learning environments in different ways. In spite of the fact that computers as ICT tools have become part and progressively instrument for instructors used in teaching and learning, most educators can't incorporate them into their teaching and learning process, which results in students being ill-equipped or lacking some necessary skills in the world of work, which leads to low performance and poor production. To tackle this issue, it is essential to develop the tech-nical and vocational education and training (TVET) system by determining the quality of TVE. In this paper, the literature concerning the competence required by TVET teachers towards computer-related instructional technology for classroom teaching and learning was examined through the technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) model. Sixty (60) questionnaires were administered to TVE teachers within six technical colleges of education in north-eastern Nigeria. The data was quantitatively analyzed using tradi-tional linear models, namely multilinear regression (MLR) and artificial intelligence (AI) models, namely artificial neural networks (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS), which were developed using MATLAB 9.3 (R2019a), while the classical linear MLR model was developed using SPSS software. The results from our classical study indicated that TVE teachers are competent in computer and some instructional technology usage and show a high correlation between competence and teaching experi-ence and a lower correlation between competence and gender. The goodness of fit shows a good fit of the model. Future studies should examine the application of other linear and non-linear AI techniques.
Endoglin and Other Angiogenesis Markers on Recurrent Varicose Veins
Authors: Sánchez Francisco S. Lozano , Martínez José A. Carnicero , García Lucía Méndez , Cenador M. Begoña García , Bustos Miguel Pericacho
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Background: Surgery on varicose veins (crossectomy and stripping) leads to recurrence and has clinical and socio-economic repercussions. Their etiopathogenesis has yet to fully under-stood. Objective: Study the expression of endoglin and other molecules involved in the neovascu-larisation process in patients suffering from this disease. Methods: 43 patients that have undergone surgery for varicose veins (24 primary and 19 recurrent). They were identified on the venous wall (proximal -saphenofemoral junction- and distal), via real-time RT-PCR, and in serum, via ELISA: Endoglin (Eng), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF-A), its receptors 1 and 2 (VEGFR1 or FLT1), (VEGFR2 or FLK), and the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF-1A). All the patients signed a con-sent form. Results: The recurrent group recorded a higher expression of Eng, VEGF-A, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 at the level of proximal venous wall compared to the primary group. HIF-1A did not record any differences. As regards the determination of the distal venous wall, no markers recorded differ-ences between the groups. Among the serum determinations, only sFLT1 recorded a significant drop among the patients with recurrent varicose veins. Conclusions: Patients with recurrent vari-cose veins record a higher expression of endoglin and other markers of angiogenesis in proximal veins. Endoglin in the blood (sEng) has not proven to be of any use in recurrent varicose veins.
Effect of Vitamin D on Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Rodríguez Gil Alfonso , Carrillo-Cruz Estrella , Marrero-Cepeda Cristina , Rodriguez Guillermo , Pérez-Simón Jose A.
Published: March 2022

The different cell subsets of the immune system express vitamin D receptor (VDR). Through VDR, vitamin D exerts different functions which influences on immune responses, as previously shown in different preclinical models. Based on this background, retrospective studies have explored the impact of vitamin D levels on the outcome of patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, showing that vitamin D deficiency is related to an increased risk of complications, especially graft-versus-host disease. These results have been confirmed in a prospective cohorts trial, although further studies are required to confirm this data. In addition, the role of vitamin D on the treatment of hematologic malignancies has also been explored. Considering this dual effect both on the immune system as well as on tumor cells in patients with hematologic malignancies, vitamin D might be useful in this setting both to decrease graft-versus-host disease and relapse rates.
Viability of Glioblastoma Cells and Fibroblasts in the Presence of Imidazol-Containing Compounds
Authors: Seidel Christiane , Birkemeyer Claudia , Baran-Schmidt Rainer , Meixensberger Jürgen , Oppermann Henry , Gaunitz Frank
Published: March 2022

The naturally occurring dipeptide carnosine (β alanyl L histidine) specifically attenuates tumor growth. Here, we asked whether other small imidazole containing compounds also affect viability of tumor cells without affecting non-malignant cells, and whether formation of histamine is involved. Patient-derived fibroblasts and glioblastoma cells were treated with carnosine, L alanyl L histidine (LA-LH), ß alanyl L alanine, L histidine, histamine, imidazole, β alanine and L alanine. Cell viability was assessed by cell-based assays and microscopy. The intracellular release of L histidine and formation of histamine was investigated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled Mass Spectrometry. Whereas carnosine and LA LH inhibited tumor cell growth with minor effects on fibroblasts, L-histidine, histamine and imidazole affected viability in both cell types. Compounds without imidazole moiety did not diminish viability. In the presence of LA LH but not in the presence of carnosine a significant rise of intracellular amounts of histidine was detected in all cells. Formation of histamine was not detectable in the presence of carnosine, LA LH or histidine. In conclusion, the imidazole moiety of carnosine contributes to its anti-neoplastic effect, which is also seen in the presence of histidine and LA LH. Despite histamine had a strong effect on cell viability, formation of histamine is not responsible for the effects on cell viability of carnosine, LA LH and histidine.
KUALITAS DNA HASIL PURIFIKASI DARI SOSIS SAPI SEBAGAI BAHAN AUTENTIKASI HALAL BERBASIS MARKER GENETIK
Authors: Purnomo Nurul , Ramadhanty Dhian , Mansur Musdalifa , Nur Maghfira , Dagong Muhammad Ihsan A.
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the preparation method and the number of samples on the quality of purified DNA from beef sausage. The study was conducted using a Randomized Block Design. The main factor is the sample preparation method which consists of P1: fresh sample; P2: oven-dried sample; and P3: Freeze-drying dry samples. Each treatment consisted of 4 groups, namely K1: sample weight 25 mg; K2: sample weight 50 mg; K3: sample weight 75 mg; and K4: sample weight 100 mg. Each treatment group was repeated 2 times so that the total sample was 24. The results showed that DNA purification using different preparation methods and sample weights was successfully carried out, as seen from the presence of DNA bands visualized on agarose gel with EtBr staining. The average DNA quality of the P1, P2, and P3 preparation methods were 1.60±0.90 ng/μl, 2.63±0.99 ng/μl, and 2.94 ±0.89, ng/μl respectively, with DNA purity 1.023 ±0.165, 0.937±0.148, and 1.014±0.163. The average DNA quality at K1, K2, K3, and K4 obtained DNA concentrations of 3.03±1.64 ng/μl, 3.15±0.74 ng/μl, 2.28± 1.66 ng/μl, and 2.54±1.50 ng/μl with a purity of 1.059±0.142, 0.981±0.130, 0.908±0.061, and 1.061± 0.215. The average total concentration of purified DNA from beef sausage was 2.75±1.28 ng/μl with a purity of 0.991±0.149. The results of variance showed that the treatment did not affect the concentration and purity of purified DNA from beef sausage. This study concludes that DNA purification from beef sausage can be carried out, but the preparation method and number of samples do not affect the quality and quantity of DNA.
KARAKTERISTIK SUSUT MASAK DAN HEDONIK SOSIS DAGING DADA DAN PAHA KALKUN (Meleagris gallopavo)
Authors: Rusdiansyah Robby , Dwiloka Bambang , Pramono Yoyok Budi
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the differences in the quality of cooking and hedonic losses based on commercial cuts of the carcass. The benefit of this research is to increase the diversification of food products based on turkey livestock and to obtain information regarding the different treatment of commercial carcass cuts on the quality of processed turkey meat. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) with 2 treatments of commercial pieces of carcass and thighs with 4 repetitions. The treatments given were (T1) breast meat and (T2) thigh meat. The parameters tested were cooking and hedonic losses which consisted of taste, aroma, color, texture, and overall. The results showed that the commercial cut of the carcass affected showing differences in the quality of cooking loss and hedonic quality of turkey sausage. Panelists liked the commercial cut sausages of breast carcass and gave the result that breast treatment could reduce cooking losses and thus increase the economic value of the product.
VOLATILE FATTY ACIDS (VFA) DAN AMONIA (NH3) LITTER FERMENTASI DENGAN LAMA PERAM YANG BERBEDA SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Christiyanto Marry , Surono Surono , Munarifdah Fathiyatul Ilmi , Utama Cahya Setya
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of different periods of fermentation of chicken litter on in vitro volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia (NH3) concentrations. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments tested were T0 = fermentation 0 weeks, T1 = fermentation 3 weeks, T2 = fermentation 6 weeks and T3 = fermentation 9 weeks. The parameters observed in the study were the concentration of VFA and NH3 fermentation litter. The results showed that the concentration of VFA and NH3 was not significantly affected by the length of ripening, with the average value concentration of VFA total fermented litter ranging from 70 – 85 mM while the concentration of NH3 in the fermented litter was 18,84 – 23,28 mg/100 ml. The conclusion of the study was that different fermentation times did not affect the concentration of total VFA and NH3 concentrations.
ERDC : Where Science and Engineering Meet
Authors:   Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)
Published: March 2022

For nearly a century, the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) has been at the forefront of tackling our nation's toughest engineering challenges, providing innovative solutions in the areas of civil works and military engineering, and offsetting the negative effects of climate change. From its earliest days of hydrology experiments along the Mississippi River in 1929, ERDC's R&D has grown, along with its buildings and capabilities. Today, ERDC's facilities, combined with its people, have created one of the world's premier R&D organizations supporting the delivery of projects and programs for federal, state and local agencies as well as private, academic and international partners. ERDC's ongoing R&D, aligned with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) R&D portfolios, allows key investments to be targeted to strategic areas that can benefit multiple interests. ERDC's R&D enhances USACE's ability to execute its Civil Works (CW) missions to support commercial navigation, manage ecosystems and reduce flood risk, while our research in Installations and Operational Environments (IOE) is improving the reliability, efficiency and effectiveness of military infrastructure and on the battlefield. ERDC conducts scientific R&D to improve all aspects of mission planning, preparation, execution and sustainment, including innovations to protect the Warfighter. Sustained, multiyear support for ERDC R&D is critical to institutionalize successes and magnify benefits, enabling the nation to take a proactive approach to meeting the complex challenges of both today and tomorrow.
Civil Works R&D Value to the Nation : 2022 Edition
Authors:   Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.)
Published: March 2022

During a 2021 visit to the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), Lt. Gen. Scott Spellmon, the 55th Chief of Engineers and Commanding General of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USA CE), issued a challenge to elevate and open a bold new era for USACE R&D. Responding to that challenge, USACE leaders developed the USACE Research and Development Strategy and identified the Top 10 US ACE R&D Priorities to address the nation's toughest challenges through multi-disciplinary, collaborative and proactive approaches. These priorities span all USACE missions - Warfighter Support, Installations and Operational Environment Support, Interagency and International Services, Military Engineering and Operations, and Civil Works. USACE endorsed six Civil Works Strategic Focus Areas (SFAs) to address these unique challenges. SFAs represent capabilities required for USACE to achieve these Top 10 R&D priorities by innovating and developing solutions to problems impacting Civil Works mission delivery now and into the future. These SFAs, aligned with the Top Ten R&D Priorities, generate near- and long-term benefits for serving our communities, supporting and growing our economy, creating jobs, and enhancing broader societal impacts such as improved public health, national security, resiliency, recreation and tourism.
Development, Analysis, and Preclinical Evaluation of Inactivated Vaccine Candidate for Prevention of COVID-19 Disease
Authors: onen engin alp , sonmez kivilcim , yildirim funda , demirci elif kervancioglu , gurel aydin
Published: March 2022

A novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in the Chinese capital Wuhan in 2019. Since late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for a global pandemic that has resulted in 405,961,201 confirmed cases of infection and 5,789,567 deaths as of February 11, 2022, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Here we report the development of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate and show that its efficacy and safety in preclinical studies warrant further clinical evaluation. Efficiency and possible side effects of vaccine candidate on different doses were evaluated using histopathology, K18 hACE2 transgenic mice challenge, T-cell response, and serum neutralization test in Balb/c mice. All pilot production and propagation experiments of SARS-CoV-2 were performed in the Level 3 Negative Pressure Biosafety Facility (BSL3/ABSL-3) according to COVID-19 interim guidance of WHO. All analytical studies have shown that the quality control parameters of the vaccine candidate meet the requirements for inactivated viral vaccines according to European Pharmacopeia. Vaccine candidate (KOCAK-19) has been authorized by the Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency and has now entered phase 2 clinical development (NCT04838080).
Application and clinical efficacy of modified early unclamping technique in robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy
Authors: Song Chen , Chen Luyao , Li Junhua , Wang Yanbin , Fu Bin
Published: March 2022

Objective: To investigate the safety and clinical efficacy of modified early unclamping technique in robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RAPN). Methods: The clinical data of 38 patients with renal tumor who underwent modified early unclamping technique in RAPN surgery admitted to the Department of Urology, the Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2018 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The control group consisted of 78 patients with renal tumors who underwent standard clamping during the RAPN surgery completed by the same surgeon during the same period. The perioperative related indicators and postoperative renal function recovery were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results: All patients (n = 116) finished the RAPN successfully, and none was transferred to radical and open surgery in both groups. The warm ischemia time in the modified early unclamping group was significantly lower than that in the standard clamping group (P < 0.001). After surgery, the renal function index at each time node in the modified early unclamping group were higher than those in the standard clamping group; renal function gradually returned to near preoperative levels after 3 months in both groups. Postoperative follow-up showed no tumor recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion: The application of modified early unclamping technique in RAPN surgery is safe and feasible. Compared with standard clamping, modified early unclamping can significantly shorten the warm ischemia time of kidneys, without increasing volume of intraoperative blood loss and complications, which helps to protect the postoperative renal function of patients.
The contribution of hospital-acquired infections to the COVID-19 epidemic in England in the first half of 2020
Authors: Knight Gwenan , Pham Thi Mui , Stimson James , Funk Sebastian , Jafari Yalda , Pople Diane , Evans Stephanie , Yin Mo , Brown Colin S. , Bhattacharya Alex , Hope Russell , Semple Malcolm G. , Read Jonathan M , Cooper Ben S , Robotham Julie V.
Published: March 2022

Background SARS-CoV-2 is known to transmit in hospital settings, but the contribution of infections acquired in hospitals to the epidemic at a national scale is unknown. MethodsWe used comprehensive national English datasets to determine the number of COVID-19 patients with identified hospital-acquired infections (with symptom onset >7 days after admission and before discharge) in acute English hospitals up to August 2020. As patients may leave the hospital prior to detection of infection or have rapid symptom onset, we combined measures of the length of stay and the incubation period distribution to estimate how many hospital-acquired infections may have been missed. We used simulations to estimate the total number (identified and unidentified) of symptomatic hospital-acquired infections, as well as infections due to onward community transmission from missed hospital-acquired infections, to 31st July 2020. ResultsIn our dataset of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in acute English hospitals with a recorded symptom onset date (n = 65,028), 7% were classified as hospital-acquired. We estimated that only 30% (range across weeks and 200 simulations: 20-41%) of symptomatic hospital-acquired infections would be identified, with up to 15% (mean, 95% range over 200 simulations: 14.1%-15.8%) of cases currently classified as community-acquired COVID-19 potentially linked to hospital transmission. We estimated that 26,600 (25,900 to 27,700) individuals acquired a symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in an acute Trust in England before 31st July 2020, resulting in 15,900 (15,200-16,400) or 20.1% (19.2%-20.7%) of all identified hospitalised COVID-19 cases. ConclusionsTransmission of SARS-CoV-2 to hospitalised patients likely caused approximately a fifth of identified cases of hospitalised COVID-19 in the “first wave” in England, but less than 1% of all infections in England. Using time to symptom onset from admission for inpatients as a detection method likely misses a substantial proportion (>60%) of hospital-acquired infections.
Effectiveness of an Inexpensive Short-Term, Theoretical-Practical Course on Videosurgery for Training Surgeons
Authors: Takegawa Paula Haveroth , Kalil Jefferson , Bustorff-Silva Joaquim , Miranda Márcio Lopes
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The rapid development of video surgery and minimally invasive surgical techniques prompted many studies on the methods of teaching these techniques to young surgeons in training. However, the characteristics of a short-term course that is both easily accessible and efficient for this group of surgeons remain controversial. To investigate this issue, a short-term training method was proposed for first year surgery residents, using inexpensive handmade wooden simulation boxes with the students smartphones as cameras . Its effectiveness was evaluated, as well as possible factors that could influence student performance, such as gender and previous experience with video games. Methods: 36 first-year General Surgery residents, entering in 2019 and 2020, participated in the study: 21 were males and 15 were females with ages between 22 and 29 years old, (mean 25.47 years). All participants performed a pre-established exercise (placing two simple stitches using a laparoscopic simulator), which was timed and scored. They then participated in a short theoretical-practical course, consisting of an initial lecture followed by 4 exercises on handcrafted wooden laparoscopic video surgery simulators. Afterwards, they were asked to repeat the same exercise from the first step. Finally, they answered a questionnaire that included questions on previous videogame experience. The data were tabulated and submitted to statistical analysis.Results: In the pre-training exercise, 15 (41.66%) participants were able to perform the two simple stitches in the simulator box within the maximum time limit of 5 minutes. After the short course, 22 (61.11%) of participants were able to perform the complete exercise. Improvement in the time to complete the practical exercise was statistically significant (p=0.0296) after participating in the theoretical-practical course. A better pre- and post-training performance was demonstrated by the 17 participants with experience with video games (p=0.0116), and a better post-training performance was demonstrated by female participants (p=0.0405). Conclusion: This short-term inexpensive theoretical-practical course in laparoscopic training for surgeons in training was effective in reducing the execution time of a laparoscopic stitch in a simulation box. Previous experience with video games and/or female gender appear to be associated with improved performance.
In silico prediction, Characterization, Docking studies and Molecular dynamics simulation of human p97 in complex with p37 cofactor
Authors: Mirzadeh Abolfazl , Kobakhidze George , Vuillemot Rémi , Jonic Slavica , Rouiller Isabelle
Published: March 2022

Background
The AAA + ATPase p97 is an essential unfoldase/segragase involved in a multitude of cellular processes. It functions as a molecular machine critical for protein homeostasis, homotypic membrane fusion events and organelle biogenesis during mitosis in which it acts in concert with cofactors p47 and p37. Cofactors assist p97 in extracting and unfolding protein substrates through its ATP hydrolysis. In contrast to p97ʼs cofactors, p37 uniquely increases the ATPase activity of p97. Disease-causing mutations in p97, including mutations that cause neurodegenerative diseases, increase cofactor association with its N-domain, ATPase activity and improper substrate processing. Upregulation of p97 has also been observed in various cancers. This study was aimed towards the characterization of the protein-protein interaction between p97 and p37 at the atomic level. It defined the interacting residues in p97 and p37. The knowledge will facilitate the design of unique small molecules inhibiting this interaction with insights into cancer therapy and drug design.
Results
The homology model of human p37 UBX domain was built from the X-ray crystal structure of p47 C-terminus from rat (1S3S, G) as a template and assessed by model validation analysis. According to the HDOCK, HAWKDOCK, MM-GBSA binding free energy calculations and Arpeggio, we found that there are several hydrophobic and two hydrogen-bonding interactions between p37 UBX and p97 N-D1 domain. In addition, Residues p37 UBX predicted to be involved in the interactions with p97 N-D1 domain interface are highly conserved among UBX cofactors.
Conclusion
This study provides a reliable structural insight into the p37-p97 complex binding sites at the atomic level though molecular docking coupled with molecular dynamics simulation. This can guide the rational design of small molecule drugs for inhibiting mutant p97 activity.