bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LncRNA RP11-551L14.4 suppresses breast cancer development by inhibiting the expression of miR-4472
Authors: Wang Bin , Chen Hang , Yang Rui , Xing Lei , Chen Chuan , Chen Junxia
Published: December 2022

Background

Previous studies have been reported that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) can regulate the expression of genes which are involved in many important cellular processes The potential role of lncRNA RP11-551L14.4 in the development of breast cancer and the possible regulatory mechanisms was investigated.

Methods

Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to analyze RP11-551L14.4 expression in 36 paired breast cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. The expression of RP11-551L14.4 in multiple breast cancer cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR. Meanwhile, overexpression of RP11-551L14.4 models was established using lentivirus in BT474 and T47D breast cancer cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), cell colony formation and cell cycle assays were performed to detect the effects of RP11-551L14.4 on the biological function of breast cancer cells. Besides, bioinformatics techniques, dual luciferase reporter gene assay and rescue experiments were used to investigate the potential mechanisms.

Results

RP11-551L14.4 expression was negatively associated with the advanced tumor stage. Breast cancer patients with low RP11-551L14.4 expression manifested a poorer prognosis. The results of qRT-PCR showed that RP11-551L14.4 expression in breast cancer tissues was significantly lower than in adjacent tissues. Meanwhile, overexpression of RP11-551L14.4 significantly decreased the cell proliferation and cell cycle. Bioinformatics technology showed that RP11-551L14.4 could complementarily bind to miR-4472. qRT-PCR results indicated that the expression levels of miR-4472 and RP11-551L14.4 in breast cancer were negatively correlated. Luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-4472 remarkably decreased the relative luciferase activity of the wild-type RP11-551L14.4 vector. miR-4472 is a direct target gene of RP11-551L14.4. miR-4472 levels were reduced, and repulsive guidance molecule A (RGMA) mRNA or protein levels were increased after overexpression of RP11-551L14.4 in the breast cancer cells. miR-4472 reversed the effects caused by RP11-551L14.4 in breast cancer cells.

Conclusion

RP11-551L14.4 expression was remarkably decreased in breast cancer tissues and cells. RP11-551L14.4 may inhibit the malignant progression of breast cancer by regulating miR-4472 expression.
Utilization of Fish Scales for Non-Food Products : A Review
Authors: Junianto . , Shabastiano H. Mohammad , Aulia Luthfi Nur , Hadiana Fakhry , Rahmaniar Adistia
Published: December 2022

This article aims to review the potential of fish scale waste as a processed material and its application to various fields of the non-food industry. The method used in this process is a qualitative descriptive method using data collected from secondary sources. Fish scales are residual waste that can be obtained from waste created in fish sales or fish processing companies. This type of waste has the potential to be utilized because it contains various kinds of organic materials that can be reprocessed to become new products. Fish scales waste can be used directly into handicraft products, including brooches, beading (sequins) and used indirectly in the form of products from collagen extraction, including fish glue and products from chitosan fish scales, including bioplastics, biocoagulants, and Rhodamin B dye adsorbents. The importance of utilizing fish scale waste is that it can increase the selling value of fish scales which were once just waste into potentially useful materials, reduce environmental pollution, encourage the concept of a green economy, and create a zero waste environment in the fishery product industry. From the data that has been collected, it can be concluded that fish scale waste can be used in various non-food industries and can be processed into various products, this includes the use of fish scales as craft products such as brooches or key chains, processing fish scales into adhesives, and extraction of chitin from fish scales to be used as additives for bioplastics, biocoagulants, and rhodamine b adsorbents.
Role of the Plant Morinda citrifolia L. in Management of Diseases in Fish Cultured: A Mini-review
Authors: Rosidah . , Mulyani Yuniar
Published: December 2022

Production failure in fish farming activities, one of which is caused by disease. So the prevention of disease needs to be done by using environment friendly technology. Disease control efforts can be carried out through preventive and curative measures. Preventive measures can be taken by increasing the immunity of fish. The use of herbal ingredients is relatively safe for fish and the environment to be used as a source of drugs or immunostimulants. Morinda citrifolia is one of the medicinal plants that contains various types of active ingredients that are antibacterial and immunostimulant, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, phenols and terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, coumarine and scopoletin. Therefore, M. citrifolia, both the fruit and the leaves, can be used for treatment and prevention of diseases that attack cultured fish. The purpose of writing this article is to describe several research results that prove the ability of parts of the noni plant, namely the leaves and fruit to be used as drugs or immunostimulants as an effort to control diseases in cultured fish. Several studies have shown that noni plays a role in overcoming diseases that infect cultured fish, both for treatment and prevention. The parts of M. citrifolia plant used are the leaves and fruit in various dosage forms, namely extract, flour and juice. The types of diseases that can be cured are bacterial diseases caused by Aeromonas hydrophila that infect Leptobarbus hoevenii, Cyprinus carpio, Barbonymus gonionotus, Carassius auratus and Oreochromis niloticus fish and parasitic diseases caused by Argulus sp., Lernaea sp. and Trichodina sp. Several types of fish, namely Cyprinus carpio, Oreochromis niloticus and Penaeus monodon increased body resistance after being treated with M. citrifolia, which was indicated by an increase in the number of leukocytes, an increase in total phagocytic activity and high survival after being challenged with pathogenic organisms.
Pre-treatment Enhances the Germination and Early Growth of Aquilaria agallocha Lam. (Agarwood)
Authors: Mangang Chinglemba Sagolsem , Dilip Salam , Ranibala Gurumayum , Panmei Robert , Singh Nongmaithem Raju , Loushambam R. S.
Published: December 2022

The imposition of pre-sowing treatment has been playing a crucial role for enhancing the germination percentage of the forest species and its succeeding growth stages. On this contention, a preliminary study was conducted to understand the impact of different pre-sowing treatments on Aquilaria agallocha Lam. (Agarwood) and its early growth behaviour. In this present study, the seeds were subjected to six different pre-sowing treatments. Among the pre-sowing treatments, soaking in water at room temperature for 24 hrs (T3) has resulted the maximum germination percentage (55.25%) as compared to other counterparts. On an average, there was an increase of 49%, 47%, 38%, 40% and 49% of germination percentage, germination capacity, germination energy, peak value and mean daily germination respectively in T3 over control (T6). Similarly, the early seedling growth of the agarwood was also influenced by imposition of different pre-sowing treatments. And all the seedling growth parameters viz., shoot length (cm), root length (cm), seedling length (cm) and seedling vigour index were recorded maximum in T3 as compared to rest of the treatments.
Phytochemical Content and Antibacterial Effect of Ethanolic and Methanolic Extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus Mushroom
Authors: Anyakorah Caroline Iruoma , Agbaje-Daniels Folashade
Published: December 2022

Aims: Microbial resistance is a threat to the successful treatment of microbial infections. Mushrooms are known to possess antimicrobial and antioxidant potential which could be inhibitory to some pathogenic organisms. The aim was to assess the phytochemicals and antimicrobial potential of Pleurotus ostreatus extracts on some pathogenic organisms.

Methodology: The study was conducted at the Bells University of Technology, Nigeria, between December 2019 and August 2020. A 10% dried powder of Pleurotus ostreatus was extracted in absolute ethanol and methanol and evaporated in a water bath at 50 oC. Extracts were reconstituted in dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) at 12.5, 25, 50, and 100% respectively. Antibiotic effects of extracts were tested on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus by agar well diffusion method and compared with standard antibiotic discs. DMSO and the solvents served as positive and negative controls. Ethanolic extract was subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer.

Results: The extracts exhibited varying inhibitory effects on the organisms except on E coli at 12.5% ethanolic extract. The inhibition zones increased with extract concentration from 2-12 mm and 4-14 mm in ethanolic and methanolic extracts respectively. The inhibitory effect of standard antibiotics was higher 17-25 mm except for erythromycin (13-14 mm). Test organisms were resistant to Beta Lactams (augmentin, cefuroxime, and ceftazidime) and sensitive to Aminoglycoside (gentamicin), Fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin), Ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin. GC/MS revealed the presence of 30 organic compounds, amongst them were sugar, sugar alcohols, alkaloids, amines, fatty acids, esters, aldehydes, and alcohols. The most abundant were oleic acid (33.75%) and 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-2-hydroxy-1- (21.21%). Phytochemicals are heterocyclic compounds found in natural products.

Conclusion: P. ostreatus has been revealed to possess phytochemicals of medical relevance with potential for pharmacological application. The implication is that Pleurotus ostreatus extracts could serve as a lead to novel drug discoveries which could enhance health and nutritional well-being.
The Perks of Online Selling: Shared Experiences and Defying Challenges
Authors: Nolasco Dyanika P. , Gumayagay Mary Joy E. , Marquez Lorelie B. , Hernandez Danisse Mae P. , Barayuga Syrille Joyce R.
Published: December 2022

Aim: This study aimed at exploring and documenting the experiences of online sellers and determine their struggles on online selling amidst the pandemic.

Research Design: This qualitative research utilized phenomenology as strategy of inquiry to better understand the experiences and challenges of online sellers.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted during the pandemic in a state university in the Philippines.

Methodology: The study used purposive sampling involving eight participants who have been doing part-time online selling during the pandemic. These participants got engaged in the sphere of online selling to gain additional profit for themselves and family.

Results: Online sellers were faced with various challenges as they do their sphere. They need to deal with impatient and inconsiderate buyers, unpredictable stocks and prices, competition in the market and unguaranteed quality of items. But despite of these challenges and struggles, online sellers describe online selling not only as a platform for marketing but a tool to gain new friends and widen their market horizons. It has also become a source of fun and income. Online selling also tests sellers to strategize and use their skills and creativity so they can be successful at it.

Conclusions: Online selling can be a decent opportunity and a challenging endeavor that one can venture on. This became even more challenging during the occurrence of pandemic but it also offered additional profit and advantages for those doing it.
Therapeutic Management of Otitis Externa in Dogs
Authors: Khinchi R. K. , Gaurav Abhishek , Rathore Deepa , Mahla Ritu
Published: December 2022

A one year old male German shepherd dog was presented to Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania, Vallabhnagar, Udaipur with the history of head shaking, tilting of the head towards the affected side, foul smell and excessive amount of cerumen coming out from the ear. Clinical manifestation revealed that the dog showed pain while touching the affected area. The cerumen sample from ear was taken and culture test was done. The culture test report revealed the presence of Proteus spp. The dog was treated successfully with the ear cleanser containing 0.2 percent salicylic acid, pomisol ear drop and tablet gentamicin (orally).
DNA Droplets: Intelligent, Dynamic Fluid
Authors: Udono Hirotake , Gong Jing , Sato Yusuke , Takinoue Masahiro
Published: December 2022

Breathtaking advances in DNA nanotechnology have established DNA as a promising biomaterial for the fabrication of programmable higher‐order nano/microstructures. In the context of developing artificial cells and tissues, DNA droplets have emerged as a powerful platform for creating intelligent, dynamic cell‐like machinery. DNA droplets are a microscale membrane‐free coacervate of DNA formed through phase separation. This new type of DNA system couples dynamic fluid‐like property with long‐established DNA programmability. This hybrid nature offers an advantageous route to facile and robust control over the structures, functions, and behaviors of DNA droplets. This review begins by describing programmable DNA condensation, commenting on the physical properties and fabrication strategies of DNA hydrogels and droplets. By presenting an overview of the development pathways leading to DNA droplets, it is shown that DNA technology has evolved from static, rigid systems to soft, dynamic systems. Next, the basic characteristics of DNA droplets are described as intelligent, dynamic fluid by showcasing the latest examples highlighting their distinctive features related to sequence‐specific interactions and programmable mechanical properties. Finally, this review discusses the potential and challenges of numerical modeling able to connect a robust link between individual sequences and macroscopic mechanical properties of DNA droplets.
Topographic Manipulation of Graphene Oxide by Polyaniline Nanocone Arrays Enables High‐Performance Solar‐Driven Water Evaporation
Authors: Zhao Xin , Meng Xiangtong , Zou Hongqi , Wang Zhenhao , Du Yadong , Shao Yuan , Qi Jun , Qiu Jieshan
Published: December 2022

Tuning the surface topography of solar evaporators is of significance for boosting light absorption and enhancing solar‐to‐vapor efficiency. Herein, a novel strategy to manipulate the surface topography of graphene oxide (GO) via electrostatic assembly coupled with in situ polymerizations of aniline is reported. The GO surface is fully hybridized with the polyaniline (PANI) nanocone arrays, manifesting periodic structures with highly foldable configurations. Additionally, the PANI arrays tune the surface chemistry of GO and retard the redispersion of GO into water, thus enabling corresponding composite (PG) robust structural durability. Featuring these intriguing attributes, when applied as an evaporator in pure water, the PG delivers an improved evaporation performance of 1.42 kg m−2h−1and a high evaporation efficiency of 96.6% under one sun illumination. Further investigations reveal that the periodically conical structures of PANI over GO surface strengthen light absorption via multiple reflections and facilitate heat localization. Desalination test substantiates the reliability of PG for practical freshwater production. The numerical simulations and optical microscopy observation exhibit the surface topography‐strengthened vapor generation effect. This study sheds new light on the rational manipulation of surface topography of photothermal materials for high‐efficiency solar evaporation.
Many Facets of Photonic Crystals: From Optics and Sensors to Energy Storage and Photocatalysis
Authors: Lonergan Alex , O'Dwyer Colm
Published: December 2022

The ability to selectively redirect specific wavelengths of light has attracted a lot attention for photonic crystal materials. Presently, there is a wealth of research relating to the fabrication and application of photonic crystal materials. There are a number of structures that fall into the category of a photonic crystal; 1D, 2D, and 3D ordered structures can qualify as a photonic crystal, provided there exists ordered repeating lattices of dielectric material with a sufficient refractive index contrast. The optical responses of these structures, namely the associated photonic bandgap or stopband, are of particular interest for any application involving light. The sensitivity of the photonic bandgap to changes in lattice size or refractive index composition creates the possibility for accurate optical sensors. Optical phenomena involving reduced group velocity at wavelengths on the edge of the photonic bandgap are commonly exploited for photocatalytic applications. The inherent reflectivity of the photonic bandgap has created applications in optical waveguides or as solar cell reflector layers. There are countless examples of research attempting to exploit these facets of photonic crystal behavior for improved material design. Here, the role of photonic crystals is reviewed across a wide variety of disciplines; cataloging the ways in which these structures have enhanced specific applications. Particular emphasis is placed on providing an understanding of the specific function of the tunable optical response in photonic crystals in relation to their application.
Alternating Flow Field Design Improves the Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Qin Zhengguo , Huo Wenming , Bao Zhiming , Tongsh Chasen , Wang Bowen , Du Qing , Jiao Kui
Published: December 2022

The flow field structure of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a determining factor for improving the cell power density. In this study, a universal alternating flow field design for the first time is proposed, which arranges structural units with different flow resistances in an alternating way to significantly improve the gas transfer rate into the electrode, with the advantages of easy machining and low pumping loss. Based on the design, it is proposed and tested large‐scale fuel cells with three novel flow fields by combining a parallel channel, baffled channel, serpentine channel, and narrowed channel. The results show that the design can significantly enhance the gas supply efficiency and that the novel baffled flow field improves the PEMFC performance by 23% with low pumping loss. The design employed in the study offers additional options for flow field optimization and contributes to the early achievement of next‐generation ultrahigh power density fuel cells.
Unveiling True Limits of Electrochemical Performance of Organic Cathodes in Multivalent Batteries through Cyclable Symmetric Cells
Authors: Lužanin Olivera , Moškon Jože , Pavčnik Tjaša , Dominko Robert , Bitenc Jan
Published: December 2022

Multivalent batteries are often hyped as a next‐generation high‐energy density battery technology, but in reality, both literature reports and practical research are plagued by poor reproducibility of electrochemical results. Within the present work, we take a look at the electrochemical testing of organic cathodes that can be used with a variety of mono‐ and multivalent cations and propose a cyclable symmetric cell approach, already applied to the field of lithium‐ion batteries. By using a model organic system based on poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide) (PAQS) active material, we demonstrate that the symmetric cell approach elegantly removes the limitations of multivalent metal anodes, and for the first time, reveals the full potential of organic cathodes in multivalent batteries. Furthermore, symmetric cells enable reliable EIS measurements on organic cathodes and open a pathway to optimize electrochemical/transport parameters through the design of next‐generation organic cathode materials and advanced electrode design(s). We suggest that the cyclable symmetric cell approach should be generally applicable in multivalent and all other batteries where electrochemical characterization requires the elimination of the counter electrode contribution.
Innovation und Vergaberecht – ein Widerspruch?
Authors: Jungmann Stefan
Published: December 2022

Projekte, die mit öffentlichen Mitteln gefördert werden, unterliegen regelmäßig dem formalen Vergaberecht, den Vorschriften zu Beschaffungen der öffentlichen Hand. Auf den ersten Blick scheinen das formale Regelwerk und die Innovation – in diesem Fall die Errichtung des Carbonbetonhauses CUBE – im Widerspruch zu stehen. Das Vergaberecht kennt jedoch ausreichend Ausnahmetatbestände, die unter Beachtung der vergaberechtlichen Grundsätze wie Gleichbehandlung, Transparenz oder Verhältnismäßigkeit ein flexibles Vergabeverfahren ermöglichen. Im Bericht wird beschrieben, wie das Verfahren organisiert wurde, welche Zwischenschritte, Schwierigkeiten und Änderungen vorgenommen wurden und wie es letztendlich erfolgreich abgeschlossen werden konnte. Entscheidend für diesen Erfolg waren die enge, transparente und zuführende Zusammenarbeit aller Beteiligten sowie die Bereitschaft, den Prozess wiederholt an den erforderlichen Leistungsumfang, die Baumethodik sowie den bautechnologischen und zeitlichen Ablauf anzupassen.
Der Bauwerkszustand als Herausforderung für die Rückbauplanung – Methoden und Empfehlungen für erforderliche Untersuchungen
Authors: Schacht Gregor , Barr Caroline , Diers Johannes , Fritsch Christina , Marx Steffen
Published: December 2022

Für die Tragwerksplanung beim Rückbau existieren aktuell keine verbindlich eingeführten technischen Regelwerke, die den Ingenieuren bei Fragen der Bewertung bestehender und z. T. geschädigter Brückenbauwerke Hilfestellung leisten. Häufig ist es erforderlich, komplexe statische Bauzustände nachzuweisen, die maßgeblich vom Zustand der Brücke abhängig sind. Einzige Informationsquelle bilden in der Regel die Bestandsunterlagen, die aber nur begrenzte Informationen über den tatsächlichen Bauwerkszustand beinhalten. Um das Bestandsrisiko zu minimieren und die Planungs‐ und Ausschreibungssicherheit insbesondere für große und komplexe Bauwerke zu erhöhen, bieten bauwerksdiagnostische Untersuchungen ein großes Potenzial. Da nicht alle Informationen, wie z. B. die Kenntnis über das nachträgliche Verankerungsvermögen durchtrennter Spannglieder, im Vorfeld zu einem Rückbau erfasst bzw. sicher bewertet werden können, sind experimentelle Untersuchungen während des Rückbaus häufig unabdingbar. Hierzu gibt es bislang nur unzreichende technische und vertragliche Regeln. Der Beitrag stellt praktische Erfahrungen und Potenziale solcher Untersuchungen vor.
Antioxidant Effects of Rhodoxanthin from Potamogeton crispus L. on H2O2‐Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages Cells
Authors: Fu Cong , Dong Hongchun , Wang Xiaozhen , Wang Huirui , Zheng Yang , Ren Dandan , He Yunhai , Liu Shu , Wang Qiukuan
Published: December 2022

Potamogeton crispus L. (P. crispus) is the type of a widely distributed perennial herbs, which is rich in rhodoxanthin. In this research work, five antioxidant indexes in vitro were selected to study the antioxidant activity of rhodoxanthin from P. crispus (RPC). A model of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) ‐induced oxidative damage in RAW264.7 cells was established to analyze the antioxidant effect and potential mechanism of RPC. The levels of ROS, MDA and the activities of oxidation related enzymes by H2O2 were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression of Nrf‐2, HO‐1, SOD1 and SOD2 was measured by qRT‐PCR assay. According to the results, RPC had free radical scavenging ability for 2, 2‐diphenyl‐1‐trinitrohydrazine (DPPH), 2,2’‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzo‐thiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid radical ion) (ABTS), hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion. RPC significantly decreased the level of MDA and ROS and LDH activity, while increased GSH level and activities of SOD, GSH−Px and CAT. It was showed that RPC could increase the mRNA expression of Nrf‐2, HO‐1, SOD1 and SOD2 in RAW264.7 cells in a dose‐dependently manner. In summary, RPC treatment could effectively attenuate the H2O2‐induced cell damage rate, and the mechanism is related to the reduction of H2O2 induced oxidative stress and the activation of Nrf‐2 pathway.
Surfactant‐Assisted Purification of Hydrophobic DNA Nanostructures
Authors: Iwabuchi Shoji , Nomura Shin‐ichiro M. , Sato Yusuke
Published: December 2022

Purification of functional DNA nanostructures is an essential step in achieving intended functions because misfolded structures and the remaining free DNA strands in a solution can interact and affect their behavior. However, due to hydrophobicity‐mediated aggregation, it is difficult to purify DNA nanostructures modified with hydrophobic molecules by conventional methods. Herein, we report the purification of cholesterol‐modified DNA nanostructures by using a novel surfactant‐assisted gel extraction. The addition of sodium cholate (SC) to the sample solution before structure folding prevented aggregation; this was confirmed by gel electrophoresis. We also found that adding sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to the sample inhibited structural folding. The cholesterol‐modified DNA nanostructures prepared with SC were successfully purified by gel extraction, and their ability to bind to the lipid membrane surfaces was maintained. This method will facilitate the purification of DNA nanostructures modified with hydrophobic molecules and expand their applicability in the construction of artificial cell‐like systems.
Facile de Novo Sequencing of Tetrazine‐Cyclized Peptides through UV‐Induced Ring‐Opening and Cleavage from the Solid Phase
Authors: Borges Ariane , Nguyen Chi , Letendre Madison , Onasenko Iryna , Kandler Rene , Nguyen Ngoc K. , Chen Jue , Allakhverdova Tamara , Atkinson Emily , DiChiara Bella , Wang Caroline , Petler Noa , Patel Henna , Nanavati Dhaval , Das Samir , Nag Arundhati
Published: December 2022

While most FDA‐approved peptide drugs are cyclic, the robust cyclization chemistry of peptides and the deconvolution of cyclic peptide sequences by using tandem mass spectrometry render cyclic peptide drug discovery difficult. Here we present the successful design of cyclic peptides on solid phase that addresses both of these problems. We demonstrate that this peptide cyclization method using dichloro‐s‐tetrazine on solid phase allows successful cyclization of a panel of random peptide sequences with various charges and hydrophobicities. The cyclic peptides can be linearized and cleaved from the solid phase by simple UV light irradiation, and we demonstrate that accurate sequence information can be obtained for the UV‐cleaved linearized peptides by using tandem mass spectrometry. The tetrazine linker used in the cyclic peptides can further be explored for inverse electron‐demand Diels‐Alder (IEDDA) reactions for screening or bioconjugation applications in the future.
A ruptured balloon shaft during an angioplasty
Authors: Hammami Rania , Ellouze Tarek , Bahloul Amine , Abid Leila
Published: December 2022

We report a case of balloon shaft rupture during percutaneous coronary intervention. Although the entrapped balloon was not yet deflated when the complication occurred, we successfully retrieved it percutaneously using a trapping technique. This case described a cheap and straightforward technique of device retrieval that helped save our patient.
Pneumonia in the presentation of Kawasaki disease: The syndrome or a sequence of two diseases?
Authors: Khoury Lana , Livnat Galit , Hamad Saied Mohamad , Yaacoby‐Bianu Karin
Published: December 2022

Two cases of Kawasaki disease (KD) presented as persistent lung consolidation associated with Group A Streptococcus and Influenza A co‐infection, which resolved following intravenous immunoglobulin. Thus, pediatricians should consider the diagnosis of KD in the presence of pneumonia that is nonresponsive to antibiotic therapy with prolonged fever and inflammatory reactions.
Hemangioma of the hard palate with invasive growth into the maxillary sinus
Authors: Lobekk Ole Kristian , Pedersen Torbjørn Ø.
Published: December 2022

A 55 year‐old woman presented with an invasive hemangioma of the hard palate. One year after partial surgical excision there was no sign of recurrency or oroantral fistulation. No malignant cells could be identified.
Subacute brainstem ischemic syndrome in juvenile neurofibromatosis type 2: An underrecognized condition
Authors: Blauen Aglaë , Lenfant Christine , Duprez Thierry , Nassogne Marie‐Cécile
Published: December 2022

We report the case of a teenager with a neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) presenting a locked‐in syndrome due to a brainstem ischemic syndrome. The presence of sudden or rapidly worsening onset of neurological deficits in NF2 patients, should evoke this underknown entity and not only tumors as predisposed by NF2.
Progressive pulmonary tuberculosis associated with bronchial dilatation: A clinical image
Authors: Razafindrasoa Zamelina Angela , Ravahatra Kiady , Razafimpihanina Sonia Marcelle , Martin Fidy Arnauld , Andriarimanga Diamondra Ombanjanahary , Randrianasolo Davis Avizara , Rakotomizao Jocelyn Robert , Tiaray Harison Michel , Rakotoson Joëlson Lovaniaina , Raharimanana Rondro Nirina
Published: December 2022

Bronchial dilatation is a potentially serious and irreversible clinical and radiological entity. It is an often underdiagnosed condition, particularly in developing countries. This clinical image presents bronchial dilatations of casual discovery associated with radiographic images suggestive of progressive pulmonary tuberculosis. Thoracic imaging remains crucial in the diagnosis of bronchopulmonary diseases.
A Multi‐Criteria Study of Optimal Working Fluids for High Temperature Heat Pumps
Authors: Mairhofer Jonas , Stavrou Marina
Published: December 2022

A bi‐objective optimization with respect to coefficient of performance (COP) and volumetric heating capacity (VHC) is performed for a high temperature heat pump. For fixed temperature levels of the heat source and sink, the values for temperature in the evaporator and condenser as well as the degree of vapor super‐heating and condensate sub‐cooling are optimized. Constraints are placed on the minimal pressure in the evaporator, the maximal pressure in the condenser and the compressor discharge temperature. Results are presented for a one‐stage and a two‐stage heat pump cycle. Cyclobutane and several butene isomers are identified as working fluids with a good compromise between COP and VHC from a CoMT‐CAMD approach based on PC‐SAFT and a realistic model for the ideal gas heat capacity.
The Influence of Deuterium Isotope Effects on Structural Rearrangements, Ensemble Equilibria, and Hydrogen Bonding in Protic Ionic Liquids
Authors: Khudozhitkov Alexander E. , Stange Peter , Paschek Dietmar , Stepanov Alexander G. , Kolokolov Daniil I. , Ludwig Ralf
Published: December 2022

The front cover artwork is provided by Prof. Ralf Ludwig's group at the University of Rostock. The image shows that isotopic effects control the heterogeneous landscape of protic ionic liquids over broad temperature ranges. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202200557.
Alkali Cation Engineered Chemical Self‐Oxidation of Copper Oxide Nanowire‐Based Photocathodes
Authors: Su Kim Dong , Hoon Choi Ji , Deshpande Nishad G. , Hyeon Lee Hak , Woong Lee Kun , Young Oh Shin , Koun Cho Hyung
Published: December 2022

Hydrogen energy production through photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting has great potential in the field of renewable energy. This study focuses on the hydration enthalpy difference of cations (Li+, Na+, and K+) in an aqueous solution for the chemical self‐oxidation process without an external applied bias. The thickness of the cation/H2O double layer is controlled. The starting materials are low‐cost copper foil and the synthesis uses alkali cation‐engineered chemical self‐oxidation. Li+ ions are strongly attracted to water molecules. This forms a sufficient OH− layer on the Cu foil surface. By accelerating the oxidation reaction, a large surface area of Cu(OH)x nanowires (NWs) with high purity and a uniform shape are obtained. This optimal p‐type Cu2O NWs photocathode is CuO‐free, has the highest conductivity, and is fabricated through phase transition using precise vacuum annealing. The other alkali cations produce the Cu2O/CuO mixed or CuO phases that degrade the PEC performances with severe corrosive reactions. The Cu/Li : Cu2O/AZO/TiO2/Pt photocathode has a 50 h stability with a photocurrent density of 8.4 mA cm−2 at 0 VRHE. The fabricated photoelectrode did not structurally collapse after stability measurements during this period. The captured hydrogen production was in agreement with the calculated faradaic efficiency.
Joint power and hopping rate adaption against follower jammer based on deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Wang Ruidong , Wang Shilian , Zhang Wei
Published: December 2022

As an effective anti‐jamming approach, frequency‐hopping (FH) technology has been widely applied to tactical communication system, providing reliable communication guarantee and improving resilience against conventional interference under strong confrontation environment. Key challenges for tactical wireless communication network face are the smart follower jammer with responsive spectrum reconnaissance and intelligent decision‐making capabilities. In response, this article investigates a deep reinforcement learning based anti‐jamming scheme, with the aim of maximizing the system throughput. The interactions between a radio transmitter and a smart follower jammer are formulated as a hierarchical anti‐jamming dynamic game model, in which the radio terminal decides transmission power and hopping rate according to the state feedback information, and the jammer chooses spectrum scanning rate accordingly to minimizing the rewards of the FH communication system. We prove that there is a Nash equilibrium (NE) strategy for static and dynamic environment in the game. A double deep Q‐network with prioritized experience reply (PDDQN) based anti‐jamming scheme is proposed to approximating the optimal power control and hopping strategy without being aware of the environment and jamming parameters. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm efficiently provide better throughput and jamming resistance.
The intermingled meanings ofPhoneMe: Exploring transmodal, place‐based poetry in an online social network
Authors: Horst Rachel , James Kedrick , Morales Esteban , Takeda Yuya
Published: December 2022

This research paper explores how preservice teachers engaged with the transmodal place‐based poetry on PhoneMe, an educational social media platform for sharing poetry and vocal performances about place. This work is situated in literature on digital place‐based education and theoretical scholarship exploring transmodality and the shifting entanglement of meanings and modes. In this paper, we share findings from a research survey conducted with teacher candidates in a core teacher education literacy course that had transitioned online due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. We discuss how participants engaged with the transmodal poetry in the survey and how their perceived poetic meaning and poetic connections changed with each additional modality. We share the pedagogical implications of our findings as well as ideas gleaned from the data for integrating the PhoneMe platform and pedagogy in secondary school classrooms. In the discussion, we explore how engagement with transmodal place‐based digital poetry can be a unique way to draw together place‐based education, digital literacies, social media literacies, and poetry pedagogy in a way that is visceral, relational, and highly relevant to contemporary lives and classrooms both on and offline.
Integrated design environment: A multi‐use platform for design idea capture, evaluation, and tracking in medicinal chemistry
Authors: Brodney Marian D. , Bakken Gregory , Butler Christopher R. , Klug‐McLeod Jacquelyn , Owen Robert , Sng Shao‐Tien
Published: December 2022

An integrated design environment (IDE) has been developed that allows the capture of design ideas, virtual compounds, and design hypotheses for medicinal chemistry projects. Specific consideration for rational molecular design, including design strategy and tactics, as well as comparator reference compounds have been incorporated to more easily convey the proposed design idea. A hierarchical tree architecture and customizable layouts allow for facile browsing across multiple programs and rapid examination of both ongoing and newly designed virtual compounds enabling centralized team discussions to ensure the most efficient prosecution of a queue of these target compounds. Additionally, a “whiteboard” module was incorporated for the rapid evaluation of virtual compounds against a suite of computational models enabling real‐time design and triage. Finally, aggregation of cross‐project design data enables broader analyses that can indicate portfolio‐wide design challenges.
Changes and bioactivities on volatile organic compounds of endophytic fungi Neurospora dictyophora 3ZF‐02 in different ages
Authors: Zhang Hui , Xu Lin , Kong Xiaohui , Ji Xiaokang , Yang Shengli
Published: December 2022

The endophytic fungus Neurospora dictyophora 3ZF‐02 with a special aroma was isolated from the arils of Torreya grandis. Analysis of volatile organic compounds was done by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A total of 46 compounds were identified in the volatile organic compounds by 3ZF‐02. In the growth phase, esters, acids, along with some alcohols and ketones were the main components. During the recession period, a large amount of benzene and naphthalene compounds appeared, accompanied by the production of amines. Oleic acid, methyl abietate, terpinen‐4‐ol were also found. They were the same ingredients in essential oil of Torreya. The antioxidant activity and antifungal activity of all extracts were also evaluated. When cultured for 10 days, it exhibited the most significant antioxidant activity with IC50 of 1.44 and 0.95 g/L against diphenyl picryl hydrazinyl and hydroxyl radicals, respectively. In addition, the extracts cultured for 10 days exhibited the most significant antifungal activity against Candida albicans with minimum inhibitory concentration 1.56 mg/ml.
Deep photoautotrophic prokaryotes contribute substantially to carbon dynamics in oxygen‐deficient waters in a permanently redox‐stratified freshwater lake
Authors: Cohen Ashley B. , Klepac‐Ceraj Vanja , Bidas Kristen , Weber Felix , Garber Arkadiy I. , Christensen Lisa N. , Cram Jacob A. , McCormick Michael L. , Taylor Gordon T.
Published: December 2022

In lakes, seasonal phytoplankton blooms and allochthonous plant debris intensify particulate organic carbon fluxes to the lakebed. Microbes associated with these particles likely vary with organic substrate lability and redox conditions. To explore microbial compositional responses to these variables, we analyzed particle‐associated and free‐living assemblages in the permanently redox‐stratified Fayetteville Green Lake using 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing during the peak and end of cyanobacterial and photoautotrophic sulfur bacterial blooms. Assemblage compositions were strongly influenced by redox conditions and particle association. Assemblage compositions varied seasonally above the lower oxycline boundary (summer—generalist heterotrophs; autumn—iron reducers and specialist heterotrophs), but not in the anoxic region below. Particle‐associated assemblages were less diverse than free‐living assemblages and were dominated by heterotrophs that putatively metabolize complex organic substrates, purple sulfur bacteria, sulfur‐cycling Desulfocapsa, and eukaryotic algae. The least diverse particle‐associated assemblages occurred near the lower oxycline boundary, where microbial activities and abundances were highest, and anoxygenic photoautotrophs were enriched. The low‐diversity particle‐associated heterotrophs likely remineralize complex organic substrates, releasing simpler organic substrates to free‐living assemblages during transit, thereby influencing surrounding microbial diversity and function. Our results challenge the paradigm that phytoplankton from the shallow photic zone are the primary contributor to the vertical flux. We suggest that photoautotrophic prokaryotes from the deep photic zone contribute significantly to deep‐water carbon in this environment, and possibly in other oxygen‐deficient waters with sulfidic photic zones. Furthermore, results suggest that seasonally variable terrestrial carbon and metal inputs also influence microbial diversity and function in similar systems.
Layer‐by‐Layer Processed Efficient All‐Polymer Solar Cells Based on a Nonfused Polymerized Small Molecule Acceptor
Authors: Zhang Chen , Ge Zhongwei , Xue Jingwei , Ma Wei , Sun Yanming
Published: December 2022

The development of polymer acceptors is of crucial importance for all‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs). However, the state‐of‐the‐art polymer acceptors are typically based on Y‐series small molecule acceptors. Their synthetic complexity and high synthesis cost remain a severe challenge for future practical application of organic photovoltaics. Herein, a novel non‐fused polymer acceptor named PDO is synthesized. The all‐PSC achieves a best power conversion efficiency of 9.68% in the layer‐by‐layer (LBL) processed device, which is much better than that (8.14%) of the conventional bulk‐heterojunction device. Comprehensive analysis on the electrical and morphological characterizations reveal that the improved device performance in the LBL‐processed device is originated from efficient exciton extraction and charge transport, suppresses charge recombination, improves molecular ordering, and optimizes active layer morphology. These results validate that the fabrication of all‐PSCs with non‐fused polymerized small molecule acceptors is a promising strategy to develop low‐cost and high‐performance all‐PSCs.
Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement in congenital heart diseases
Authors: Chau Adolphus Kai‐Tung
Published: December 2022

Surgical repair of a variety of congenital heart diseases involves repair of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) with valved or non‐valved conduit to connect the right ventricle (RV) to the pulmonary artery (PA) or just patch enlargement of the native RVOT. With time, this RV‐PA conduit will degenerate with deterioration of function, either causing pulmonary stenosis or pulmonary regurgitation. This RVOT dysfunction may result in RV dilation, RV dysfunction, and eventual RV failure and arrhythmias. Multiple surgical pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) is often required throughout the patient's lifetime. Patients are subjected to increased risks with each additional cardiac operation. Transcatheter PVR (TPVR) has been developed over the past two decades as a valuable non‐surgical alternative to restore the RVOT and RV function, and hence reduce patients’ lifetime risks related to surgery. This article will discuss the long‐term results of TPVR which are demonstrated to be comparable to surgical results and the latest development of large pulmonary valves which will allow TPVR to be performed on native or larger RVOT.
A density‐based time‐series data analysis methodology for shadow detection in rooftop photovoltaic systems
Authors: Tsafarakis Odysseas , van Sark Wilfried G.J.H.M.
Published: December 2022

The majority of photovoltaic (PV) systems in the Netherlands are small scale, installed on rooftops, where the lack of onsite global tilted irradiance (GTI) measurements and the frequent presence of shadow due to objects in the close vicinity oppose challenge in their monitoring process. In this study, a new algorithmic tool is introduced that creates a reference data‐set through the combination of data‐sets of the unshaded PV systems in the surrounding area. It subsequently compares the created reference data‐set with the one of the PV system of interest, detects any energy loss and clusters the distinctive loss due to shadow, created by the surrounding objects. The new algorithm is applied successfully to a number of different cases of shaded PV systems. Finally, suggestions on the unsupervised use of the algorithm by any monitoring platform are discussed, along with its limitations algorithm and suggestions for further research.
Generalized likelihood ratio based risk‐adjusted control chart for zero‐inflated Poisson process
Authors: Lai Xin , Lian Xin , Liu Liu , Wang Jiayin , Liu Yuqian , Chong Ka Chun
Published: December 2022

Nowadays, statistical process control has been widely used to monitor processes in various fields. To monitor processes with a large number of zero observations by control charts, the zero‐inflated Poisson (ZIP) model has been adopted. Due to the heterogeneity of each sample in the process, several factors have been taken into account to predict values of two parameters in the ZIP model by risk adjustment. Instead of considering two parameters to be constant directly, risk‐adjusted ZIP control charts can provide more reasonable monitoring results than traditional ones. However, existing methods ignored the interaction between parameters in the ZIP model, which leads to some risk‐adjusted control charts unable to accurately estimate parameters to provide effective monitoring results. To address this problem, this paper presents a generalize likelihood ratio (GLR) based control chart to better monitor the risk‐adjusted ZIP process with EWMA scheme, which can detect the random shift in both parameters efficiently. In the simulation study, the proposed control chart is compared with another two existing control charts and shows superior performance on detecting various types of shifts in parameters. Finally, the proposed control chart is applied to the Hong Kong influenza datasets and the flight delay datasets to illustrate its effectiveness and utility.
Partners in crime: Autoantibodies complicit in COVID‐19 pathogenesis
Authors: Taghadosi Mahdi , Safarzadeh Elham , Asgarzadeh Ali , Roghani Seyed Askar , Shamsi Afsaneh , Jalili Cyrus , Assar Shirin , Soufivand Parviz , Pournazari Mehran , Feizollahi Parisa , Nicknam Mohammad Hossein , Asghariazar Vahid , Vaziri Siavash , Shahriari Hossein , Mohammadi Asadollah
Published: December 2022

Autoantibodies (AABs) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases (AIDs) and serve as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in assessing these complex disorders. Viral infections have long been recognized as a principal environmental factor affecting the production of AABs and the development of autoimmunity. COVID‐19 has primarily been considered a hyperinflammatory syndrome triggered by a cytokine storm. In the following, the role of maladaptive B cell response and AABs became more apparent in COVID‐19 pathogenesis. The current review will primarily focus on the role of extrafollicular B cell response, Toll‐like receptor‐7 (TLR‐7) activation, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation in the development of AABs following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. In the following, this review will clarify how these AABs dysregulate immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 by disrupting cytokine function and triggering neutrophil hyper‐reactivity. Finally, the pathologic effects of these AABs will be further described in COVID‐19 associate clinical manifestations, including venous and arterial thrombosis, a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and recently described post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 (PASC) or long‐COVID.