bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of trough concentration and ALK occupancy in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of crizotinib, alectinib, and lorlatinib
Authors: Li Bole , Liu Shan , Feng Honglei , Du Chunshuang , Wei Liman , Zhang Jie , Jia Guangwei , Wu Chunnuan
Published: November 2023

Backgrounds: Brain metastases occur in approximately 30% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, the free drug concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is strongly associated with the clinical efficacy.

Purpose: The present study aimed to develop physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models that can predict the steady-state trough concentration (Ctrough) in plasma and CSF, as well as anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) occupancy (AO), for three inhibitors: crizotinib (CRI), alectinib (ALE), and lorlatinib (LOR).

Methods: To achieve this, population PBPK models were successfully developed and validated using multiple clinical pharmacokinetics (PK) and drug–drug interaction (DDI) studies, both in healthy subjects and patients.

Results: The prediction-to-observation ratios for plasma AUC, Cmax, and Ctrough in heathy subjects and patients ranged between 0.5 and 2.0. In addition, PK profiles of CRI, ALE, and LOR in CSF aligned well with observed data. Moreover, the AUC and Cmax ratios of the three inhibitors when co-administered with CYP3A4 inhibitors/inducers also matched with clinically observed values. Utilizing PK thresholds for effective plasma Ctrough and AO values on wild-type and four ALK mutations in plasma and CSF, PBPK models were then combined with the mean and 95% confidence interval to predict optimal dosing regimens.

Conclusions: Overall, these PBPK models provide valuable insights into determining appropriate dosing regimens for the three ALK inhibitors, understanding their effectiveness in brain metastasis therapy, and analyzing the underlying mechanisms of on-target resistance.
Efficacy and safety of the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in the treatment of diabetes-associated cognitive decline: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Su Jianan , Sun Guiyan , An Jiren , Ao Yuhan , Li Jing , Shen Zihan , Zhang Lanyi , Zhang Shiheng , Yang Yufeng , Shi Yan
Published: November 2023

Objective: In order to offer possible therapeutic treatment evidence for diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD), we thoroughly evaluated the effectiveness and safety of combining Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western Medicine (WM) in the current study.

Methods: The present study employed a comprehensive search strategy across multiple databases, namely, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), to identify relevant articles published until July 2023. Subsequently, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of integrating TCM with WM for the treatment of DACD. The literature included in this study was assessed using the GRADE criteria and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Statistical analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software.

Results: A total of 20 RCTs involving 1,570 patients were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results demonstrated that the integration of TCM and WM therapy significantly enhanced the overall effectiveness rate compared to WM therapy alone [OR = 4.94, 95% CI (3.56, 6.85), p < 0.00001]. Additionally, the combination therapy resulted in reductions in fasting blood glucose [MD = −0.30, 95% CI (−0.49, −0.10), p = 0.003], HbA1c [MD = −0.71, 95%CI (−1.03, −0.40), p < 0.00001], TNF-α levels [MD = −8.28, 95%CI (−13.12, −3.44), p = 0.0008], and TCM Syndrome Score [MD = −5.97, 95%CI (−9.06, −2.88), p = 0.0002]. Meanwhile, the combination therapy had a positive effect on MoCA Score [MD = 2.52, 95% CI (1.75, 3.30), p < 0.00001], and MMSE Score [MD = 2.31, 95% CI (1.33, 3.29), p < 0.00001]. In addition, the safety of the combination therapy was comparable to that of the WM alone [OR = 0.40, 95% CI (0.12, 1.31), p = 0.13].

Conclusion: The integration of TCM and WM therapy outperformed WM alone in DACD treatment. Simultaneously, the combination therapy could improve the therapeutic effect on blood glucose, cognitive function, and inflammation to a certain extent with few adverse effects. However, given the constraints imposed by the quality limitations of the incorporated studies, as well as the potential presence of reporting bias, it is imperative that our findings be substantiated through rigorous, large-scale, randomized controlled trials of superior quality in the future.
Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine in post-stroke epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Tianye , Wang Kaiyue , Li Lili , Yan Mingyuan , Wu Jing , Liu Jinmin
Published: November 2023

Background: Poststroke epilepsy (PSE) is a common complication of strokes that seriously affects the recovery and quality of life of patients, and effective treatments are needed. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) adjunctive therapy is a viable treatment option, but current evidence is insufficient to support its efficacy and safety. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of CHM adjunctive therapy in the treatment of PSE.

Methods: A systematic search of eight databases was conducted to identify PSE-related randomized clinical trials from the inception of each database through October 2023. The methodological quality assessment was conducted by RoB 2.0, meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.1, and evidence quality was evaluated by GRADE.

Results: Twenty-three RCTs involving 1,901 PSE patients were identified. We found that orally administered CHM plus conventional Western medicine (CWM) was superior to CWM monotherapy in increasing the 75% responder rate (RR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.31 to 1.62, p < 0.00001), decreasing the seizure duration (MD -1.01, 95% CI: −1.30 to −0.72, p < 0.00001), improving total responder rate (RR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.20 to 1.37, p < 0.00001), reducing epileptiform discharges (EDs) (MD -2.02.46, 95% CI: −2.64 to −1.40, p < 0.00001), and decreasing the number of leads involved in epileptiform discharge (MD -3.92, 95% CI: −5.15 to −2.68, p < 0.00001). Furthermore, intravenously administered CHM plus CWM was superior regarding 75% responder rate (RR 1.39, 95% CI: 1.24 to 1.56, p < 0.00001), total responder rate (RR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.20 to 1.39, p < 0.00001), EDs (MD -3.92, 95% CI: −5.15 to −2.68, p < 0.00001), and the number of leads involved in epileptiform discharge (MD -1.82, 95% CI: −2.62 to −1.02, p < 0.00001). However, regarding the 50%–75% responder rate, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups for either oral (RR 1.00, 95% CI: 0.77 to 1.29, p = 0.98) or injectable CHM (RR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.67 to 1.33, p = 0.75). Both orally administered CHM plus CWM (RR 0.56, 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.90, p = 0.02) and intravenously administered CHM plus CWM (RR 0.64, 95% CI: 0.45 to 0.90, p = 0.010) caused fewer AEs than CWM. Furthermore, the levels of evidence ranged from low to high due to publication bias and heterogeneity.

Conclusion: CHM adjuvant therapy may be an effective and safe therapy for PSE. However, due to the poor quality of clinical data, more well-designed RCTs are needed to confirm these findings.

Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=364356, identifier PROSPERO (CRD42022364356)
Apocynum venetum leaf extract alleviated doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by regulating organic acid metabolism in gut microbiota
Authors: Zhao Zhenxiong , Jiang Shenglu , Fan Qing , Xu Kuo , Xu Yubin , Wu Feiqiang , Zhang Xihong , Wang Ting , Xia Zhelin
Published: November 2023

Apocynum venetum leaf is commonly utilized for its beneficial effects in reducing blood pressure, inducing sedation, promoting diuresis, anti-aging, and cardioprotection, which also exhibit positive effects on the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota plays a role as an endocrine organ by producing bioactive metabolites that can directly or indirectly impact host physiology, specifically cardiovascular diseases. In this study, main chemical components of A. venetum leaf extract (AVLE) were identified by LC-MS, and an orally administered AVLE was employed to treat mice with doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity. The results showed that AVLE contained hyperoside and oganic acids. The pharmacological findings revealed that AVLE regulated the gut microbiota, resulting in a significant increase in the levels of two organic acids, indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) and acetic acid (AA). Both IPA and AA exhibited the ability to reduce BNP, CK, and LDH levels in mice with Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Moreover, IPA demonstrated an improvement in Dox-induced cardiac injury by inhibiting apoptosis, while AA promoted increased secretion of ghrelin through the parasympathetic nervous system, subsequently reducing cardiac fibrosis by decreasing collagen I, collagen III, and activin A. Hence, our study demonstrates that AVLE exerts a beneficial cardioprotective effect by modulating the gut microbiota, providing a potential novel target for the treatment and prevention of Dox-induced cardiotoxicity.
Solanum aethiopicum L. from the Basilicata region as a source of specialized metabolites with promising anti-obesity effects: phytochemical characterization and in vivo investigation in high fat diet-fed mice
Authors: Ponticelli Maria , Hidalgo-García Laura , Diez-Echave Patricia , Vezza Teresa , Romero Miguel , Robles-Vera Iñaki , Duarte Juan , De Biasio Filomena , Gorgoglione Domenico , Lela Ludovica , Galvez Julio , Milella Luigi
Published: November 2023

Introduction:Solanum aethiopicum L., commonly known as scarlet eggplant (Solanaceae family) is one of the most traditionally cultivated vegetables in Basilicata, a southern region of Italy. Although multiple uses have been given to this vegetable, data about its anti-obesogenic activity are still limited.

Methods: This study focuses on testing two different extracts obtained either from the peel or from the whole fruit of the Lucanian Solanum aethiopicum. Their ability to inhibit certain enzymatic activities was tested in vitro and then, the one that showed the better outcomes was tested on an experimental model of High-Fat Diet (HFD) induced obesity.

Results: Spectrophotometric assays demonstrated that the peel extract possessed the highest ability to inhibit the selected enzymatic activities and so, its phytochemical profile was obtained through LC-MS chromatography. The oral administration of this extract (25 mg/kg) to HFD-fed mice reduced body weight gain and improved glucose and lipid metabolism. Similarly, the extract ameliorated the obesity-induced inflammatory status by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in both adipose and hepatic tissues. Interestingly, these effects were associated with the improvement of vascular dysfunction.

Discussion: Lucanian Solanum aethiopicum extract may represent a new strategic approach for managing obesity and its associated diseases.
The preventive effects of ondansetron on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in adult cancer patients: systematic review from ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Ashour Ahmed M.
Published: November 2023

Purpose: Cancer is a neoplastic transformation that affects tissue. Among the many complications associated with cancer treatment, managing the distressing side effects of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is of main concern. Ondansetron is a selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist that has emerged as an essential medication against CINV in adult cancer patients. Ondansetron efficacy and tolerability have made it a primary medication in CINV prophylaxis and treatment regimens. The study aims to offer a detailed overview of ondansetron’s effectiveness, safety, and impact on patients’ lives, ultimately contributing to the ongoing research to enhance the quality of cancer care.

Methods: On 4 September 2023, a search was conducted of the ClinicalTrials.gov database using the search terms “cancer,” “ondansetron,” and “Zofran.” Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined to select relevant clinical trials. Included trials were completed with results and interventional studies that assessed the preventive effects of ondansetron on CINV in adult cancer patients.

Results: A total of 23 clinical trials were identified, with only 13 of them focusing on investigating the preventive effects of ondansetron on CINV in adult cancer patients. The collective findings from these trials showed an effective management of CINV using ondansetron.

Conclusion: Through a comprehensive overview of clinical trials, the use of ondansetron in adult cancer patients represents a significant improvement in CINV management.
Ultimate channel capacity analysis of the UCA-OAM system with a deficient-rank channel matrix
Authors: Ma Qian , Yu Xiaoyou , Tu Li , Lu Zukun
Published: November 2023

The channel matrix of the commonly used uniform circular array-based orbital angular momentum (UCA-OAM) system reaches the full-rank state when the degree of freedom (DoF) is limited only by the number of UCA antenna elements. The rank of the channel matrix of the UCA-OAM system is equal to DoF under this condition. However, the practical DoF of the UCA-OAM system is always affected by other transmission factors, such as the transmission distance and the radius of the receiving antenna. Therefore, by exploiting the practical DoF of the UCA-OAM system affected by the transmission distance and the radii of the receiving antenna and transmission antenna, a novel channel capacity model of the UCA-OAM communication system with a deficient-rank channel (DRC) matrix is first proposed. Moreover, the formulas of the channel matrix and channel capacity for the DRC matrix are analytically derived. The results of numerical simulations indicate that when the practical transmission factors including transmission distance and radii of the receiving antenna and transmission antenna are considered, the UCA-OAM communication system with the DRC matrix has less channel capacity than that with the full-rank channel (FRC) matrix. These simulated results provide helpful guidance on the practical application of the UCA-OAM communication system.
Effects of different plyometric training frequencies on physical performance in youth male volleyball players: a randomized trial
Authors: Hernandez-Martinez Jordan , Guzman-Muñoz Eduardo , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Herrera-Valenzuela Tomas , Magnani Branco Braulio Henrique , Avila-Valencia Sergio , Luis Carter-Beltran Juan , Aravena-Sagardia Pablo , Méndez-Cornejo Jorge , Valdés-Badilla Pablo
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to analyze the effect of plyometric training (PT) at different frequencies on jump performance, running sprint speed, and service speed in youth male volleyball players. The participants were randomly assigned to one PT session per week (Experimental Group 1, EG1, n = 15), two PT sessions per week (Experimental Group 2, EG2, n = 14), and a control group (CG, n = 13). The total weekly jumping ranged between 98 and 196 jumps (equalized between, EG1 and, EG2). The assessments performed were squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), CMJ-arms, drop jump (DJ), 5-m sprint, 10-m sprint, and service speed. The intragroup comparisons showed that, EG1 significantly (p < 0.001) improved SJ (Δ = 12.74%; d = 1.30), CMJ (Δ = 11.94%; d = 1.71), CMJ-arms (Δ = 12.02%; d = 1.47), DJ (Δ = 10.93%; d = 1.30), 5-m sprint (Δ = −4.61%; d = 0.29), 10-m sprint (Δ = −3.95%; d = 0.40) and service speed (Δ = 8.17%; d = 1.53). Similarly, EG2 significantly (p˂ 0.001) improved SJ (Δ = 11.52%; d = 1.25), CMJ (Δ = 11.29%; d = 1.38), CMJ-arms (Δ = 11.42%; d = 1.26), DJ (Δ = 13.90%; d = 2.17), 5-m sprint (Δ = −3.85%; d = 0.25), 10-m sprint (Δ = −2.73%; d = 0.25) and service speed (Δ = 6.77%; d = 1.44). The CG significantly (p < 0.05) improved SJ (Δ = 2.68; d = 0.28), CMJ-arms (Δ = 2.30; d = 0.35), 5-m sprint (Δ = −1.27; d = 0.10) and service speed (Δ = 1.42; d = 0.30). Intergroup comparisons revealed significantly greater improvements in all variables (p < 0.001) in, EG1 and, EG2 concerning to CG. However, no significant differences were found between, EG1 and, EG2. A moderate weekly PT volume, distributed in one or two sessions per week, seems equally effective.
Phenotyping the autonomic nervous system in pregnancy using remote sensors: potential for complication prediction
Authors: Sharifi-Heris Zahra , Yang Zhongqi , Rahmani Amir M. , Fortier Michelle A. , Sharifiheris Hamid , Bender Miriam
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a central role in dynamic adaptation during pregnancy in accordance with the pregnancy demands which otherwise can lead to various pregnancy complications. Despite the importance of understanding the ANS function during pregnancy, the literature lacks sufficiency in the ANS assessment. In this study, we aimed to identify the heart rate variability (HRV) function during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and 1 week after childbirth and its relevant predictors in healthy pregnant Latina individuals in Orange County, CA.

Materials and methods:N = 16 participants were enrolled into the study from which N = 14 (N = 13 healthy and n = 1 complicated) participants proceeded to the analysis phase. For the analysis, we conducted supervised machine learning modeling including the hierarchical linear model to understand the association between time and HRV and random forest regression to investigate the factors that may affect HRV during pregnancy. A t-test was used for exploratory analysis to compare the complicated case with healthy pregnancies.

Results: The results of hierarchical linear model analysis showed a significant positive relationship between time (day) and average HRV (estimated effect = 0.06; p < 0.0001), regardless of being healthy or complicated, indicating that HRV increases during pregnancy significantly. Random forest regression results identified some lifestyle and sociodemographic factors such as activity, sleep, diet, and mental stress as important predictors for HRV changes in addition to time. The findings of the t-test indicated that the average weekly HRV of healthy and non-healthy subjects differed significantly (p < 0.05) during the 17 weeks of the study.

Conclusion: It is imperative to focus our attention on potential autonomic changes, particularly the possibility of increased parasympathetic activity as pregnancy advances. This observation may challenge the existing literature that often suggests a decline in parasympathetic activity toward the end of pregnancy. Moreover, our findings indicated the complexity of HRV prediction, involving various factors beyond the mere passage of time. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of this dynamic state, future investigations should delve into the intricate relationship between autonomic activity, considering diverse parasympathetic and sympathetic metrics, and the progression of pregnancy.
Selection and validation of reference genes for normalizing qRT‒PCR gene expression studies in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and interaction with the guava plants
Authors: Haq Imran Ul , Ijaz Siddra , Hashem Abeer , Avila-Quezada Graciela Dolores , Abd_Allah Elsayed Fathi
Published: November 2023

Quantitative real-time PCR is used to quantify gene expression, even to detect low-level transcripts. It detects and quantifies the inoculum level of fungal pathogens in infected hosts. However, reliable expression profiling data require accurate transcript normalization against a stable reference gene. Hence, using stably expressed reference genes under variable conditions is paramount in gene expression analysis. In the current study, reference genes were selected and validated in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, a guava canker and dieback pathogen. The reference gene selection and validation in C. gloeosporioides were evaluated for germinated conidia and mycelium (in vitro) and in infected guava (Psidium guajava) (interaction with host plant). The CgCAL gene was determined as a highly stable reference gene, followed by the CgTUB2 in C. gloeosporioides for germinating conidia and mycelium. However, the CgTUB2 gene was determined to be a highly stable reference gene, followed by the CgCAL for expression analysis during its interaction with the plant. Expression profiling revealed stable and constant relative expression patterns of selected reference genes for both PR genes by determining their relative transcript level. This study is the first to describe reference gene selection and validation to quantify target gene expression in C. gloeosporioides.
Recent advances in expression and purification strategies for plant made vaccines
Authors: Venkataraman Srividhya , Khan Imran , Habibi Peyman , Le Maria , Lippert Rory , Hefferon Kathleen
Published: November 2023

Plants have been explored as a platform to produce pharmaceutical proteins for over 20 years. Important features such as the cost-effectiveness of production, the ease of scaling up to manufacturing capacity, the lack of cold chain requirements and the ability to produce complex therapeutic proteins which are biologically and functionally identical to their mammalian counterparts, make plants a strong alternative for vaccine production. This review article focuses on both the expression as well as the downstream purification processes for plant made vaccines. Expression strategies including transgenic, transient and cell suspension cultures are outlined, and various plant tissues targeted such as leaves and seeds are described. The principal components used for downstream processing of plant made vaccines are examined. The review concludes with a reflection of the future benefits of plant production platforms for vaccine production.
MSGF-GLP: fusion method of visible and hyperspectral data for early detection of discolored standing trees
Authors: Zhou Hongwei , Wu Yixuan , Wang Weiguang , Song Jiayin , Liu Guoyang , Shi Jie , Sun Hong
Published: November 2023

Pest and disease damage to forests cannot be underestimated, so it is essential to detect diseased trees in time and take measures to stop their spread. The detection of discoloration standing trees is one of the important means to effectively control the spread of pests and diseases. In the visible wavelength range, early infected trees do not show significant color changes, which poses a challenge for early detection and is only suitable for monitoring middle and late discolor trees. The spectral resolution of hyperspectral restricts the improvement of its spatial resolution, and there are phenomena of different spectral of the same and foreign objects in the same spectrum, which affect the detection results. In this paper, the method of hyperspectral and CCD image fusion is used to achieve high-precision detection of discoloration standing trees. This paper proposes an improved algorithm MSGF-GLP, which uses multi-scale detail boosting and MTF filter to refine high-resolution data. By combining guided filtering with hyperspectral images, the spatial detail difference is enhanced, and the injection gain is interpolated into the difference of each band, so as to obtain high-resolution and high-quality hyperspectral images. This research is based on hyperspectral and CCD data obtained from LiCHy, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Maoershan Experimental Forest Farm, Shangzhi City, Heilongjiang Province. The evaluation framework is used to compare with the other five fusion algorithms to verify the good effect of the proposed method, which can effectively preserve the canopy spectrum and improve the spatial details. The fusion results of forestry remote sensing data were analyzed using the vegetation Normalized Difference Water Index and Plant Senescence Reflectance Index. The fused results can be used to distinguish the difference between discoloration trees and healthy trees by the multispectral vegetation index. The research results can provide good technical support for the practical application of forest remote sensing data fusion, and lay the foundation for promoting the scientific, automatic and intelligent forestry control.
The effect of thriving at work on work-family conflict: the mediating role of workaholism
Authors: Ni Xudong , Zeng Zining , Zhou Jinyu
Published: November 2023

Thriving at work is a relatively new concept in the field of organizational behavior, and many scholars have emphasized the importance of its outcomes in the last decade or so, but we still know little about the possible dark side of thriving at work. In this study, based on the conservation of resources theory, we studied the effect of thriving at work on work-family conflict, the mediating effects of workaholism, and the moderating effects of work-family separation preference and trust climate. By analyzing 372 samples, we found that thriving at work was significantly and positively related to work-family conflict; workaholism partially mediated the relationship between thriving at work and work-family conflict; work-family separation preference negatively moderated the relationship between thriving at work and workaholism. The moderating role of the trust climate was not verified. This paper explores the internal mechanisms by which thriving at work negatively affects the family sphere and helps individuals avoid falling into the dark side of thriving at work.
Body dissatisfaction and smartphone addiction: the mediation role of intrusive imagery and fear of negative evaluation
Authors: Liu Shiyu , Hu Wen , Yang Yingkai , Yang Fahui
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to examine the mediating effect of intrusive imagery and fear of negative evaluation on the connection between body dissatisfaction and smartphone addiction. 5,909 participants were included in the research, with 53.8% of the sample being female. The average age of the participants was 19.87 years, and their ages ranged from 18 to 32 years. All individuals who were recruited for the study successfully finished the Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction with Body Parts Scale, the Smartphone Addiction Scale, the Intrusive Imagery Scale, and the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale. Mediational analysis indicated that, with age, gender and body mass index under control, body dissatisfaction was linked to smartphone addiction via (1) the mediating role of intrusive imagery, (2) the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation, and (3) the serial mediating role of intrusive imagery and fear of negative evaluation. Our study for the first time advanced our understanding that intrusive imagery and fear of negative evaluation could be serial mediators of the relationship between body dissatisfaction and smartphone addiction. However, the cross-sectional design prevented us from establishing causality between these variables, which could be better examined in future longitudinal studies.
Academic psychological capital questionnaire 12 (APCQ-12): psychometric validity and measurement invariance in a Chilean sample of high school students
Authors: Carmona-Halty Marcos , Sepúlveda-Páez Geraldy , Semir-González Carla , Alarcón-Castillo Karina , Mena-Chamorro Patricio
Published: November 2023

The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Academic Psychological Capital Questionnaire 12 (APCQ-12) in a sample of 2,196 Chilean high school students (51% girls) aged 12 to 17 years (mean 14.83 years). Results showed that: (1) the APCQ-12 produces adequate scores in terms of reliability, (2) the internal structure of the questionnaire obtains adequate fit indices, for a second order model, which is consistent with previous research, and (3) the APCQ-12 proved to be sex and age invariant. Overall, the APCQ-12 proved to be an adequate questionnaire for measuring academic psychological capital in Chilean high school students, producing valid and reliable scores.
Spectrum of complaints: practices of complaining in therapeutic conversations as a window to spouses' personalities and couples' relationships
Authors: Taurogiński Bartłomiej , Janusz Bernadetta , Bergmann Jörg R. , Peräkylä Anssi
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Complaining is a frequent phenomenon in human interactions and it frequently happens during couple counseling. A conversation between a therapist and spouses that requires them to talk about problems inevitably leads to complaining (especially during the first meeting). The institutional context and the presence of an impartial therapist shape the complaining sequences.

Method

We used conversation analysis to explore the interactional organization of complaining in the specific context, which is couples therapy. Our data involve video recordings of nine couple therapy first consultations.

Results

In the results section of our paper, we describe in detail the composition and delivery of complaints in couple therapy setting. Our observations made it possible to propose a nuanced spectrum of ways of complaining that spans the considerateness dimension. Our data suggest that there may be a relationship between the manner of complaining and the presence and severity of maladaptive personality traits of complainers.

Discussion

We argue that paying close attention to complaining practices that arise during couple therapy is an important aspect of clinical work with couples and can be informative regarding the nature of spouses' quarrels and their personality constitutions.
The influence of labor education participation on the subjective well-being of college students: chain mediation effect of self-efficacy and healthy lifestyle
Authors: Qiu Danwen , Ni Jianchao , Yang Jiaqi
Published: November 2023

Background

In the process of modernization, along with economic development, intensified social competition, and increasing mental health problems such as anxiety and depression, the issue of subjective well-being has received widespread attention. The level of subjective well-being of college students also affects whether society can achieve sustainable development. In philosophy, political science, economics, sociology and other disciplines, labor is regarded as an important factor affecting subjective well-being. Labor education is an educational activity carried out by Chinese universities in recent years. This further inspires the author to think, for the college students, will the labor education received on campus have an impact on the subjective well-being? What characteristics will its impact mechanism present? What are the characteristics of the influence on subjective well-being?.

Methods

This research adopts a cross-sectional design, specifically employing a random sampling approach. In this study, the questionnaire was distributed to the college’s students of 14 universities in China through the Internet. A total of 2100 questionnaires were collected.

Results

This paper mainly used questionnaires to collect data, and on this basis, examined the relationship between labor education participation, self-efficacy, healthy lifestyle and subjective well-being of college students. The results showed that: (1) Labor education participation positively affected college students’ subjective well-being. (2) Self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between labor education participation and college students’ subjective well-being. (3) Healthy lifestyle partially mediated the relationship between labor education participation and college students’ subjective well-being. (4) Self-efficacy and healthy lifestyle played a chain mediating role between labor education participation and college students’ subjective well-being.
Sleep in everyday life – relationship to mood and performance in young and older adults: a study protocol
Authors: Schwarz Johanna , Freidle Malin , van Leeuwen Wessel , Åkerstedt Torbjörn , Kecklund Göran
Published: November 2023

Laboratory based sleep deprivation studies demonstrate that lack of sleep impairs well-being and performance ability, but suggest that these effects are mitigated in older adults. Yet, much less is known whether day-to-day variations of sleep have similar consequences in the context of everyday life. This project uses an intensive longitudinal design to investigate the occurrence of day-to-day variations in sleep and their impact on mood and performance in everyday life and to examine whether effects differ between young and older adults. We aim to include 160 young (18–30 years) and 160 older adults (55–75 years) to complete a 21-day experience sampling method (ESM) protocol. During the ESM period, participants are asked to fill in (i) a brief morning questionnaire, (ii) 8 short daytime questionnaires addressing momentary well-being, sleepiness, stress, and mind wandering, followed by a 1 min cognitive task and (iii) a brief evening questionnaire, all delivered via a mobile phone application. Sleep will be measured using self-reports (daily questions) and objectively with wrist actigraphy. The impact of adult age on mean levels and intraindividual variability of sleep will be analyzed using mixed-effects location scale models. The impact of sleep on daily cognitive performance will be analyzed using multilevel linear mixed models. The relationship of sleep to mean values and variability of positive and negative affect in young and older adults will be analyzed using mixed-effects location scale modeling. The overarching purpose of the project is improving the current knowledge on the occurrence of day-to-day variations in sleep and their relationship to performance as well as positive and negative affect in young and older adults.
Understanding and preventing nonadherence and treatment dropout in adolescents and young adults with anxiety and depressive disorders
Authors: Waumans Ruth C. , Muntingh Anna D. T. , Batelaan Neeltje M. , van Balkom Anton J. L. M.
Published: November 2023

Dropout from psychological or pharmacological treatment for anxiety and depressive disorders is common. It is especially problematic in adolescents and young adults because of the adverse consequences for their development. Reasons for treatment dropout can be divided into therapy-process related factors, attitudinal aspects, and practical issues. Adjusting treatment to patient preferences and shared decision making, improving the therapeutic alliance, and interventions such as (family) psychoeducation, motivational interviewing, and help with practical issues are promising strategies to optimize engagement and adherence.
Technology use and attitudes towards digital mental health in people with severe mental health problems: a survey study in China
Authors: Zhang Xiaolong , Lewis Shôn , Chen Xu , Berry Natalie , Bucci Sandra
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Digital mental health is a promising solution to support people with severe mental health problems (SMI) in China. However, little is known about the ownership rate of digital technologies and attitudes towards utilising digital health technologies (DHTs) among people with SMI in the Chinese context. The aims of this study were to understand: (i) digital technology ownership and usage rate of people with SMI in China; (ii) attitudes toward DHTs in mental health services; and (iii) how the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced views on digital mental health.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was given to outpatients with SMI using the REDCap platform. To capture a diverse sample of people with SMI, the survey was distributed across psychiatric hospitals, general hospitals with a psychiatric unit, secondary hospitals, and community healthcare centres.

Results

In total, 447 survey respondents completed the survey. Relative high ownership rates of digital technologies were found, with smartphone ownership (95.5%) and access to the internet (82.1%) being the highest technologies reported. However, less than half of respondents reported frequent health-related usage of digital technologies, which may be related to the lack of knowledge in using DHTs. Most respondents found DHTs being useful for access to mental health services during the pandemic and were willing to use DHTs after the pandemic.

Discussion

Our data suggest that, despite the high ownership rate of digital technologies, training programmes to improve digital health literacy for people with SMI in China are necessary to realise the full potential of digital mental health.
Case report: Clinical efficacy of deep brain stimulation contacts corresponds to local field potential signals in a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Duffy Korrina A. , Fenstermacher Elizabeth A. , Thompson John A. , Tanabe Jody , Patel Moksha S. , Ojemann Steven , Davis Rachel A.
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is often effective in treating severe obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) when traditional therapeutic approaches have failed. However, optimizing DBS programming is a time-consuming process. Recent research in movement disorders suggests that local field potentials can dramatically speed up the process of identifying the optimal contacts for stimulation, but this has not yet been tested in a patient with OCD.

Methods

In a patient with severe OCD, we first determined the optimal contact for stimulation for each hemisphere using traditional monopolar and bipolar review and then tested whether the clinically optimal contact in each hemisphere corresponded to local field potential signals.

Results

Overall, we found that clinical efficacy corresponded with the contacts that showed the strongest local field potential signals across multiple frequency bands.

Discussion

Our findings are the first indication that local field potentials could guide contact selection in patients with OCD. If validated in a larger sample, this methodology could decrease time to clinical benefit and improve accuracy in patients that are difficult to assess using traditional methods. Further research is needed to determine whether local field potentials could be used to guide finer resolution in programming parameters.
Utilization of growth monitoring and promotion services among children younger than 2 years in West Armachiho district, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Teklemuz Novel , Sisay Mekonnen , Baffa Lemlem Daniel , Mengistu Berhanu , Atenafu Azeb
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Inadequate physical growth and poor development of children are prevalent and significant problems worldwide, with 149 million children younger than 5 years stunted and 49 million wasted. Growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) is one of the major activities implemented with the aim of capturing growth faltering before the child reaches the status of undernutrition. In relation to this, the Amhara region, where the study area is found, is a highly burdened area for child malnutrition. Thus, it needs further investigation about the utilization of GMP services and associated factors among children younger than 2 years in the study area.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the utilization of growth monitoring and promotion services and associated factors among children younger than 2 years.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Armachiho district, including 703 mother–child pairs, with a response rate of 94.7%. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyzes were performed. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of the association.

Results

The proportion of utilization of growth monitoring and promotion services in the West Armachiho district was 13.7% (95%Cl; 11.2, 16.4). Factors such as maternal educational status (AOR = 2.17, 95%Cl; 1.05, 4.49), institutional delivery (AOR = 3.16, 95%Cl; 1.62, 6.13), family size (AOR = 2.66, 95%Cl; 1.13, 6.23), access to health facility (AOR = 3.17, 95%Cl; 1.45, 6.95), and maternal knowledge (AOR = 4.53, 95%Cl; 2.71, 7.59) were significantly associated with the utilization of growth monitoring and promotion services.

Conclusion

Utilization of growth monitoring and promotion services in children younger than 2 years in the West Armachiho district was low. Thus, giving due attention to the improvement of the knowledge of the mothers/caregivers about child GMP services and counseling them about the importance of facility delivery is vital to improving growth monitoring and promotion services in the area.
Can inhaled cannabis users accurately evaluate impaired driving ability? A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hartley Sarah , Simon Nicolas , Cardozo Bibiana , Larabi Islam Amine , Alvarez Jean Claude
Published: November 2023

Aims

To study the effect of inhaled cannabis on self-assessed predicted driving ability and its relation to reaction times and driving ability on a driving simulator.

Participants and methods

30 healthy male volunteers aged 18–34: 15 chronic (1–2 joints /day) and 15 occasional (1–2 joints/week) consumers. Self-assessed driving confidence (visual analog scale), vigilance (Karolinska), reaction time (mean reciprocal reaction time mRRT, psychomotor vigilance test), driving ability (standard deviation of lane position SDLP on a York driving simulator) and blood concentrations of delta-9-tétrahydrocannabinol (THC) were measured before and repeatedly after controlled inhalation of placebo, 10 mg or 30 mg of THC mixed with tobacco in a cigarette.

Results

Cannabis consumption (at 10 and 30 mg) led to a marked decrease in driving confidence over the first 2 h which remained below baseline at 8 h. Driving confidence was related to THC dose and to THC concentrations in the effective compartment with a low concentration of 0.11 ng/ml for the EC50 and a rapid onset of action (T1/2 37 min). Driving ability and reaction times were reduced by cannabis consumption. Driving confidence was shown to be related to driving ability and reaction times in both chronic and occasional consumers.

Conclusions

Cannabis consumption leads to a rapid reduction in driving confidence which is related to reduced ability on a driving simulator.

Clinical trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02061020.
Respective roles of social deprivation, health literacy, and clinical factors for COVID-19: a case-control study in hospitalized patients
Authors: Dahmane Lotfi , Julia Chantal , Vignier Nicolas , Sesé Lucile , Brichler Ségolène , Benaïnous Ruben , Bihan Hélène , Lopez-Sublet Marilucy , Trawale Damien , Bouchaud Olivier , Goupil de Bouillé Jeanne ,   on behalf of the SOCIALCOV group
Published: November 2023

Introduction

To investigate the association between social deprivation and COVID-19 among hospitalized patients in an underprivileged department of the greater Paris area.

Methods

Individuals hospitalized for COVID-19 between March 1st and October 31, 2020, were included, matched on age and sex, and compared with patients hospitalized for any other reason with negative RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, through a case-control study. Clinical, socio-demographic characteristics, health literacy, and social deprivation, assessed by the EPICES score, were collected. Factors associated with COVID-19 in hospitalized patients were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.

Results

69 cases and 180 controls were included. Participants were mostly men (N = 148: 59.4%) aged 65 or older (N = 109: 44.1%). Median EPICES score was 43.2 (IQR 29.4–62.9). EPICES score > 30.17 (precariousness threshold) was not significantly associated with COVID-19 in hospitalized patients (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.46; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [0.21–1.01]). Advanced age, higher BMI, professional activity, home area of less than 25 m2 per person, and low health literacy, were significantly associated with COVID-19 in hospitalized patients.

Discussion

This study highlights probable risk factors for specific exposition in disadvantaged area: maintenance of professional activity, smaller home area, and low health literacy.
What landscape elements are needed for hospital healing spaces? Evidence from an empirical study of 10 compact hospitals
Authors: Guo Haoxu , Zhou Weiqiang , Lai Wenbo , Yao Lihao
Published: November 2023

Background

Modern medical research shows that a rationally planned landscape environment helps patients recover. With the growing number of hospital patients and the tightening of per capita medical landscape land, the use of limited landscape resources to serve patients has become challenging.

Methods

This study focused on the landscape environment of 10 hospitals in Guangdong Province, China. Based on the KANO theoretical model, a survey questionnaire was designed and administered to 410 participants. The data were analyzed based on demand attributes, importance, sensitivity, and group differences.

Results

The maintenance requirements were the most important item in the sensitivity ranking. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that the users need a safe, quiet, and private environment, owing to their higher requirements, including visual healing, rehabilitation activities, shading and heat preservation, and medical escort. Moreover, adolescents and older adult patients have common and contradictory environmental needs. For example, the landscape environment should provide both an active space and a quiet rehabilitation environment.

Conclusion

This study evaluates how landscape resources can be better utilized from the perspective of the user and expands the theory of healing landscapes, which has practical implications for hospital renovation and landscape environment strategies.