bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced antibacterial effect of a novel Friunavirus phage vWU2001 in combination with colistin against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Wintachai Phitchayapak , Phaonakrop Narumon , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Naknaen Ampapan , Pomwised Rattanaruji , Voravuthikunchai Supayang Piyawan , Surachat Komwit , Smith Duncan R.
Published: February 2022

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) has been increasingly reported, leading to greater challenges in treating infections. With the development of phage therapy and phage-antibiotic combinations, it is promising to improve the treatment of bacterial infections. In the present study, a novel vB_AbaP_WU2001 (vWU2001) phage-specific CRAB with a genome of 40,792 bp was isolated. Genomic analysis disclosed that it belongs to the Autographiviridae family of the order Caudovirales. Phage vWU2001 had a broad host range with a high adsorption rate, short latent period, large burst size and good stability. The phage could reduce preformed biofilms and inhibit biofilm formation. The combination of phage vWU2001 and colistin had significantly higher bacterial growth inhibition activity than that of phage, or colistin alone. The efficacy of the combined treatment was also evaluated in Galleria mellonella. Evaluation of its therapeutic potential showed that the combination of phage and colistin resulted in a significantly greater increase in G. mellonella survival and in bacterial clearance, as compared with that of phage or colistin alone, indicating that the combination was synergistic against CRAB. The results demonstrated that phage vWU2001 has the potential to be developed as an antibacterial agent.
Mechanical strength variability of deformed reinforcing steel bars for concrete structures in Ethiopia
Authors: Achamyeleh Tariku , Çamur Hüseyin , Savaş Mahmut A. , Evcil Ali
Published: February 2022

The paper presents statistical analysis of mechanical strength and linear density properties of deformed reinforcing Grade 60 steel bars. Two different lots of samples are identified based on test years for the years 2015–2017 as Lot 1 and 2018–2020 as Lot 2. Yield strength (YS), tensile strength (TS), elongation, mass per length and characteristic ratio of TS and YS are analyzed for rebar diameters of 8, 10, 12 and 16 mm considering both lots. Mechanical and linear density properties are compared statistically using range, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variance, skewness and kurtosis of the recorded sets of values. Moreover, the results of YS, TS and elongation are analyzed separately by one-way analysis of variance for both lots. The result shows that the aggregate mean values of YS, TS and elongation for Lot 1 and Lot 2 are 593.1 MPa, 701.1 MPa, 14.78%; and 572.5 MPa, 673.8 MPa, 15.47%, respectively. Even though there is a slight decrement in values of YS and TS and increment in elongation from Lot 1 to Lot 2, both lots exceeded values recommended by ASTM A615 standard. Furthermore, with 95% confidence interval, one-way analysis of variance showed that the aggregate data of rebars are dissimilar in terms of YS, TS and percentage elongation with figures showing decrement from Lot 1 to Lot 2.
Oxytocin detection at ppt level in human saliva by an extended-gate-type organic field-effect transistor
Authors: Ohshiro Kohei , Sasaki Yui , Zhou Qi , Lyu Xiaojun , Yamanashi Yusuke , Nakahara Katsumasa , Nagaoka Hirokazu , Minami Tsuyoshi
Published: February 2022

An extended-gate-type organic field-effect transistor immunosensor has successfully detected oxytocin at ppt levels in human saliva with high recovery rates (96–102%).
Differentiating aspartic acid isomers and epimers with charge transfer dissociation mass spectrometry (CTD-MS)
Authors: Edwards Halle M. , Wu Hoi-Ting , Julian Ryan R. , Jackson Glen P.
Published: February 2022

Charge transfer dissociation-mass spectrometry (CTD-MS) enables the differentiation of l- and d-epimers of Asp and isoASP amino acids in peptides.
Interconversion between [2Fe–2S] and [4Fe–4S] cluster glutathione complexes
Authors: Invernici Michele , Selvolini Giulia , Silva José Malanho , Marrazza Giovanna , Ciofi-Baffoni Simone , Piccioli Mario
Published: February 2022

A dynamic interconversion between a dinuclear [FeIIFeIIIS2(GS)4]3− complex and a tetranuclear [FeII2FeIII2S4(GS)4]2− complex can be operative in the mitochondrial labile iron pool.
Conformation-tunable ATP-competitive kinase inhibitors
Authors: Agius Michael P. , Ko Kristin , Johnson Taylor K. , Phadke Sameer , Soellner Matthew B.
Published: February 2022

A library of conformation-selective inhibitors were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to impact kinase conformation.
Host–guest chemistry under confinement: peeking at early self-assembly events
Authors: Steeno Roelof , Minoia Andrea , Lazzaroni Roberto , Mali Kunal S. , De Feyter Steven
Published: February 2022

Nanoscopic lateral confinement created on a graphite surface enabled the study of embryonic stages of molecular self-assembly on solid surfaces using scanning tunneling microscopy performed at the solution/solid interface.
Expedient metal-free preparation of aryl aziridines via thermal cycloaddition reactions
Authors: Sebest Filip , Radtanajiravong Lalita , Kaukver Siim , White Andrew J. P. , Díez-González Silvia
Published: February 2022

Aryl aziridines are simply prepared from azides and alkenes in hot, technical toluene without any catalyst or additive.
Organic carbon, and major and trace elements reside in labile low-molecular form in the ground ice of permafrost peatlands: a case study of colloids in peat ice of Western Siberia
Authors: Lim Artem G. , Loiko Sergey V. , Kuzmina Daria M. , Krickov Ivan V. , Shirokova Liudmila S. , Kulizhsky Sergey P. , Pokrovsky Oleg S.
Published: February 2022

The low molecular weight fraction of peat porewater is enriched in DOC, anions, oxyanions, alkalis and some trace metals. An increase in the active layer depth can liberate a large amount of labile metals and nutrients from the peat.
Effects of okra (Abelmoschus esculentusL) on inflammatory mediators: a systematic review of preclinical studies
Authors: Malek Mahdavi Aida , Javadivala Zeinab , Ahmadian Elham
Published: February 2022

The concentrations of inflammatory mediators including CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mainly showed a downward trend after treatment with okra in a majority of preclinical studies.
Ocean wave energy generator based on graphene/TiO2 nanoparticle composite films
Authors: Xue Han , Liu Haomin , Mishukova Viktoriia , Xu Bo , Li Jiantong
Published: February 2022

A facile process is developed for the scalable fabrication of graphene-based energy generators to directly harvest ocean wave energy.
Haralick's texture analysis to predict cellular proliferation on randomly oriented electrospun nanomaterials
Authors: Bloise Nora , Fassina Lorenzo , Focarete Maria Letizia , Lotti Nadia , Visai Livia
Published: February 2022

Haralick's texture analysis of the biomaterials was used to assess and predict the cell behaviour on a nanomaterial surface.
Evaluation of negolyte properties of supramolecular binary complexes based on viologen-cucurbit[7]urils
Authors: Ambrose Bebin , Kannan Arthy , Kathiresan Murugavel
Published: February 2022

Viologen-based redox materials have become popular as electrolytes for aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) in recent years because of their reversible nature.
The T cell receptor displays lateral signal propagation involving non-engaged receptors
Authors: Nieves Daniel J. , Pandzic Elvis , Gunasinghe Sachith D. , Goyette Jesse , Owen Dylan M. , Justin Gooding J. , Gaus Katharina
Published: February 2022

TCR-CD3 signal propagation is probed by super-resolution microscopy and nano-clustered TCR ligands. TCR-CD3 clusters exceeded the ligand cluster boundaries, requiring multivalent interactions facilitated by TCR-CD3 phosphorylation for assembly.
Direct analysis of the actin-filament formation effect in photodynamic therapy
Authors: Taninaka Atsushi , Ugajin Shunta , Kurokawa Hiromi , Nagoshi Yu , Kamiyanagi Mayuka , Takeuchi Osamu , Matsui Hirofumi , Shigekawa Hidemi
Published: February 2022

We have combined atomic force microscopy with other techniques to reveal the mechanism of the actin filament and stress fibers formation processes that underlies the cell death process due to photodynamic therapy.
Unveiling the charge transfer behavior within ZSM-5 and carbon nitride composites for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Hartanto Djoko , Yuhaneka Grace , Utomo Wahyu Prasetyo , Rozafia Ade Irma , Kusumawati Yuly , Dahani Wiwik , Iryani Ani
Published: February 2022

In the ZSM-5/g-C3N4 composite, ZSM-5 facilitates the charge transfer from g-C3N4 to the surface due to its lower charge transfer resistance.
Molecular beacons with oxidized bases report on substrate specificity of DNA oxoguanine glycosylases
Authors: Sun Jingjing , Antczak Nicole M. , Gahlon Hailey L. , Sturla Shana J.
Published: February 2022

A three-color fluorescent molecular beacon assay for rapid profiling of substrate specificity of hOGG1 variants, and for engineering proteins to map genomic modifications.
Self-assembled organic and hybrid materials derived from oligo-(p-phenyleneethynylenes)
Authors: Roy Syamantak , Maji Tapas Kumar
Published: February 2022

Self-assembly of oligo-(p-phenyleneethynylenes) (OPEs), a class of π-conjugated systems, into versatile materials has widened the application horizon of this molecular system with properties ranging from opto-electronics and energy to biology.
Device performance improvements in all-inorganic perovskite light-emitting diodes: the role of binary ammonium cation terminals
Authors: Lu Yao , Dong Jie , Huo Xiaomin , Wei Dong , Qiao Bo , Zhao Suling , Song Dandan , Xu Zheng
Published: February 2022

The experiment and density functional theory researched the passivation mechanism of ammonium cations (NH3+) with both terminals to the all-inorganic perovskite.
Theoretical and experimental studies of highly efficient all-solid Z-scheme TiO2–TiC/g-C3N4for photocatalytic CO2reductionviadry reforming of methane
Authors: Li Ziyi , Mao Yu , Huang Yufei , Wei Ding , Chen Ming , Huang Yangqiang , Jin Bo , Luo Xiao , Liang Zhiwu
Published: February 2022

An all-solid Z-scheme heterojunction TiO2–TiC/g-C3N4was proposed and synthesized successfully by a facile calcination method and used for photocatalytic CO2reduction in the presence of CH4.
Citral mitigates inflammation of Caco-2 cells induced by Cronobacter sakazakii
Authors: Guo Du , Bai Fangting , Zhan Xiangjun , Zhang Wenting , Jin Tong , Wang Yutang , Xia Xiaodong , Shi Chao
Published: February 2022

The anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of citral in Cronobacter sakazakii-stimulated Caco-2 cells.
Rare catastrophes and evolutionary legacies: human germline gene variants in MLKL and the necroptosis signalling pathway
Authors: Garnish Sarah E. , Hildebrand Joanne M.
Published: February 2022

Programmed cell death has long been characterised as a key player in the development of human disease. Necroptosis is a lytic form of programmed cell death that is universally mediated by the effector protein mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), a pseudokinase. MLKL's activating kinase, receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), is itself activated within context specific scaffolds of receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), Z-DNA Binding Protein-1 (ZBP1) or TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-β (TRIF). These core necroptosis modulating proteins have been comprehensively revealed as potent drivers and suppressors of disease in inbred mouse strains. However, their roles in human disease within the ‘real world’ of diverse genetic backgrounds, natural infection and environmental challenges remains less well understood. Over 20 unique disease-associated human germline gene variants in this core necroptotic machinery have been reported in the literature and human clinico-genetics databases like ClinVar to date. In this review, we provide an overview of these human gene variants, with an emphasis on those encoding MLKL. These experiments of nature have the potential to not only enrich our understanding of the basic biology of necroptosis, but offer important population level insights into which clinical indications stand to benefit most from necroptosis-targeted drugs.
Bioimaging approaches for quantification of individual cell behavior during cell fate decisions
Authors: Begnini Karine R. , Pereira Luiza C. , Faccioni Juliano L. , Lenz Guido , Filippi-Chiela Eduardo C.
Published: February 2022

Tracking individual cells has allowed a new understanding of cellular behavior in human health and disease by adding a dynamic component to the already complex heterogeneity of single cells. Technically, despite countless advances, numerous experimental variables can affect data collection and interpretation and need to be considered. In this review, we discuss the main technical aspects and biological findings in the analysis of the behavior of individual cells. We discuss the most relevant contributions provided by these approaches in clinically relevant human conditions like embryo development, stem cells biology, inflammation, cancer and microbiology, along with the cellular mechanisms and molecular pathways underlying these conditions. We also discuss the key technical aspects to be considered when planning and performing experiments involving the analysis of individual cells over long periods. Despite the challenges in automatic detection, features extraction and long-term tracking that need to be tackled, the potential impact of single-cell bioimaging is enormous in understanding the pathogenesis and development of new therapies in human pathophysiology.
A Cross-Linguistic Validation of the Test for Rating Emotions in Speech: Acoustic Analyses of Emotional Sentences in English, German, and Hebrew
Authors: Carl Micalle , Icht Michal , Ben-David Boaz M.
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

The Test for Rating Emotions in Speech (T-RES) has been developed in order to assess the processing of emotions in spoken language. In this tool, spoken sentences, which are composed of emotional content (anger, happiness, sadness, and neutral) in both semantics and prosody in different combinations, are rated by listeners. To date, English, German, and Hebrew versions have been developed, as well as online versions, iT-RES, to adapt to COVID-19 social restrictions. Since the perception of spoken emotions may be affected by linguistic (and cultural) variables, it is important to compare the acoustic characteristics of the stimuli within and between languages. The goal of the current report was to provide cross-linguistic acoustic validation of the T-RES.

Method:

T-RES sentences in the aforementioned languages were acoustically analyzed in terms of mean F0, F0 range, and speech rate to obtain profiles of acoustic parameters for different emotions.

Results:

Significant within-language discriminability of prosodic emotions was found, for both mean F0 and speech rate. Similarly, these measures were associated with comparable patterns of prosodic emotions for each of the tested languages and emotional ratings.

Conclusions:

The results demonstrate the lack of dependence of prosody and semantics within the T-RES stimuli. These findings illustrate the listeners' ability to clearly distinguish between the different prosodic emotions in each language, providing a cross-linguistic validation of the T-RES and iT-RES.
Feasibility of Assessing Expressive and Receptive Vocabulary via Telepractice for Early Elementary-Age Children With Language Impairment
Authors: Schmitt Mary Beth , Tambyraja Sherine , Thibodeaux Megan , Filipkowski Jen
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, millions of school-age children with language impairment (LI) and their speech-language pathologists (SLPs) relied on telepractice service delivery models. Unfortunately, the dearth of evidence and procedural guidance available to SLPs has made this transition challenging at best.

Method:

The current study utilized a sample of 20 young children with LI to determine the feasibility of procedures necessary for conducting vocabulary assessments via telepractice platforms and the reliability of scoring participant responses using standardized assessments.

Results:

Study findings resulted in numerous practical suggestions for SLPs working with young children with LI via telepractice. Results suggest that these adaptations result in strong interrater reliability for scoring participant responses in an online format.

Conclusion:

Study findings suggest that conducting telepractice assessments can be a useful and reliable tool for school-based SLPs, with implications reaching beyond the pandemic era.
Shaped beam synthesis via semidefinite relaxation (SDR) based on magnitude least squares (MLS)
Authors: Hu Mengkai , Dou Xiuquan , Liu Qifan , Zhu Xingsheng
Published: February 2022

Shaped beam synthesis of array antennas has attracted the attention of many researchers in recent years and has been widely used in many scenarios. In the previous methods, finding the feasible solution with beam pattern mask constraints has been applied widely, but the solution may not exist with an improper mask. Besides, if the array size is large, the dimension of solution is high, which causes the solution procedure slow. In this study, from the perspective of the magnitude least squares (MLS) model, combined with the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique, a new beam pattern synthesis algorithm is derived. The MLS model can guarantee that the solution always exists and can reduce the dimension of solution via introducing auxiliary variable and non‐uniform angular sampling. Simulation results show that this algorithm is effective, can approximate the main lobe well and obtain lower side lobes in contrast to the reference method.
Impact of non-thermal particles on the spectral and structural properties of M87
Authors: Fromm Christian M. , Cruz-Osorio Alejandro , Mizuno Yosuke , Nathanail Antonios , Younsi Ziri , Porth Oliver , Olivares Hector , Davelaar Jordy , Falcke Heino , Kramer Michael , Rezzolla Luciano
Published: February 2022

Context. The recent 230 GHz observations of the Event Horizon Telescope are able to image the innermost structure of M 87 and show a ring-like structure that agrees with thermal synchrotron emission generated in a torus surrounding a supermassive black hole. However, at lower frequencies, M 87 is characterised by a large-scale and edge-brightened jet with clear signatures of non-thermal emission. In order to bridge the gap between these scales and to provide a theoretical interpretation of these observations, we perform general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of accretion onto black holes and jet launching.

Aims. M 87 has been the target for multiple observations across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Among these, very large baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations provide unique details of the collimation profile of the jet down to several gravitational radii. We aim to model the observed broad-band spectrum of M 87 from the radio to the near-IR regime and at the same time, fit the jet structure as observed with global millimeter-VLBI at 86 GHz.

Methods. We used general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics and simulated the accretion of the magnetised plasma onto Kerr black holes in 3D. The radiative signatures of these simulations were computed taking different electron distribution functions into account, and a detailed parameter survey was performed in order to match the observations.

Results. The results of our simulations show that magnetically arrested disks around fast-spinning black holes (a⋆ ≥ 0.5) together with a mixture of thermal and non-thermal particle distributions are able to simultaneously model the broad-band spectrum and the innermost jet structure of M 87.
Outcome-relevante Anästhesiologie: präoperative Vorbereitung und Optimierung
Authors: Neef Vanessa , Zacharowski Kai , Piekarski Florian
Published: February 2022

Die präoperative Vorbereitung und Optimierung ist zentraler Bestandteil der anästhesiologischen Prämedikationsvisite. Ziel ist es, postoperative Komplikationen zu vermeiden und die
Patientensicherheit zu erhöhen. In diesem Artikel werden kardiale, respiratorische und metabolische Risikofaktoren von Patienten vor elektiven nicht herz-thoraxchirurgischen Eingriffen
behandelt und deren Diagnostik- und Optimierungsmöglichkeiten dargestellt.
Outcome-relevante Anästhesiologie: peri- und postoperative Anämiebehandlung
Authors: Helmer Philipp , Kranke Peter , Schlesinger Tobias , Hottenrott Sebastian , Zacharowski Kai , Choorapoikayil Suma , Meybohm Patrick
Published: February 2022

Patient Blood Management (PBM) hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, das Ausmaß einer präoperativen Anämie zu reduzieren, unnötige Blutverluste zu vermeiden und einen rationalen Umgang mit
Blutprodukten zu ermöglichen. Aufgrund verschiedenster Limitationen gelingt bislang nur in wenigen deutschen Krankenhäusern eine frühzeitige Behandlung einer präoperativen Anämie. Vor diesem
Hintergrund rückt die peri- und postoperative Phase zunehmend in den Fokus, um verschiedene präventive und therapeutische Maßnahmen zur Behandlung einer (postoperativen) Anämie umzusetzen.
Diese werden in diesem Beitrag umfassend vorgestellt.
Extrakorporale Behandlungsstrategien der Sepsis
Authors: Stahl Klaus , Bode Christian , David Sascha
Published: February 2022

Hintergrund Die Mortalität der Sepsis bleibt auch im 21. Jahrhundert sehr hoch. Verschiedene adjuvante Strategien zur extrakorporalen Zytokinelimination wurden als zusätzliche
therapeutische Maßnahmen bei Sepsis und septischem Schock untersucht.

Ziele Zusammenfassung einer Auswahl extrakorporaler Blutreinigungstechniken und der aktuellen Erkenntnisse in der klinischen Anwendung mit besonderem Schwerpunkt auf dem
therapeutischen Plasmaaustausch.

Methoden Nicht systematische Literaturrecherche.

Ergebnisse Verschiedene extrakorporale Blutreinigungstechniken mit unterschiedlichen Evidenzniveaus hinsichtlich Zytokinelimination, Verbesserung der Hämodynamik und Verringerung der
Mortalität werden derzeit klinisch eingesetzt. Die am ausführlichsten untersuchten Modalitäten umfassen die hochvolumige Hämofiltration/Dialyse mit und ohne High-Cut-off-Filter sowie
Hämoadsorptionstechniken (einschließlich CytoSorb- und Polymyxin-B-Filter). Trotz teilweise ermutigender Beobachtungen bezüglich der Entfernung proinflammatorischer Zytokine und verbesserten
Hämodynamik zeigten randomisierte Outcome-Studien bislang keinen positiven Einfluss auf das Überleben. Aufgrund der Verwendung von Spenderplasma als Substitutionsflüssigkeit stellt der
therapeutische Plasmaaustausch das einzige Verfahren dar, das neben einer reinen Elimination zusätzlich verbrauchte protektive Faktoren ersetzen kann.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Anwendung extrakorporaler Blutreinigungsmethoden kann für Sepsispatienten außerhalb klinischer Studien bisher nicht empfohlen werden, da derzeit keine Beweise
für ihre Wirksamkeit vorliegen. Zukünftige Untersuchungen sollten darauf abzielen, das Patientenkollektiv hinsichtlich des klinischen Schweregrads, des Zeitpunkts der Intervention und
verschiedener inflammatorischer (Sub-)Phänotypen zu homogenisieren.
Anästhesie und perioperatives Management der Karotis-Endarteriektomie (CEA)
Authors: Gaik Christine , Wiesmann Thomas
Published: February 2022

Nachdem in Teil 1 des Beitrags die Anästhesieverfahren vorgestellt wurden 1, befasst sich der 2. Teil mit dem apparativen und nicht-apparativen
intraoperativen Neuromonitoring sowie den perioperativen Komplikationen und vermittelt relevante Aspekte des Neuromonitorings im Rahmen der CEA. Die perioperativen Komplikationen werden
insbesondere für die frühe postoperative Phase im Aufwachraum und auf der Station erläutert und Lösungsstrategien dargestellt.
Vorausschauende Entlassungskriterien nach Lu-177-PSMA-Therapie – Diskussion unterschiedlicher Szenarien
Authors: Kranert Wolfgang Tilman , Bockisch Benjamin , Wichert Jennifer , Gröner Daniel , Sabet Amir , Baumgarten Justus , Nguyen Ngoc Linh Quyen Christina , Grünwald Frank , Happel Christian
Published: February 2022

Ziel Ziel ist es, einen praxisorientierten Beitrag zur Diskussion eines Algorithmus zur Entlassung unter Strahlenschutzgesichtspunkten von Patienten nach Therapien mit Lu-177 markiertem PSMA zu leisten. Dieser kann als Basis zur Weiterentwicklung von Vorgaben für die Entlassungspraxis für andere zukünftige Therapien mit offenen radioaktiven Stoffen dienen.

Material und Methoden Anhand der Analyse der Behandlungsdaten von 478 Zyklen Lu-177-PSMA-617 (140 Patienten) wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen Restaktivität im Patienten und der damit verbundenen Dosisleistung erstellt. Aus den kinetischen Daten regelmäßiger intratherapeutischer Ganzkörpermessungen mit einer Sonde (biexponentieller Fit) wurden daraus Szenarien für die Entlassung entwickelt.

Ergebnis 34 % der Patienten wurden 3- bis 5-mal in einem Kalenderjahr behandelt. 1 mSv pro Kalenderjahr in 2 m Entfernung kann bei der prospektiven Entlassung von 3 bzw. 4 Therapiezyklen pro Jahr nach 72 Stunden stationärem Aufenthalt in 10 % bzw. 15 % der Fälle nicht eingehalten werden. Die mittlere spezifische Dosisleistung im Patienten betrug 0,00462µSv/(h MBq) in 1 m Entfernung. Ein allgemeingültiger quantitativer Zusammenhang der Dosisleistung mit der Restaktivität im Patienten konnte nicht gefunden werden.

Schlussfolgerung Wegen des Ansatzes einer Mehrfachbehandlung der mit Lu-177-PSMA therapierten Patienten müssen die Entlassungsbedingungen prospektiv angepasst werden. Die Zugrundelegung der physikalischen Halbwertszeit von Lu-177 und von 4 Behandlungen im Kalenderjahr führt zu einer konservativen, übersichtlichen Regelung.
Visualized Urethral Mobility Profile During Urine Leakage in Supine and Standing Positions
Authors: Zhao Baihua , Wen Lieming , Liu Dan , Huang Shanya
Published: February 2022

Objectives To describe the urethral course and position during urine leakage based on the visualized urethral mobility profile (UMP) and to explore the differences between supine and standing positions.

Method This was a prospective study of 100 women with SUI and 100 control women who underwent a cough stress test (CST) with transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) in supine and standing positions. In the mid-sagittal plane, the UMP software automatically placed six equidistant points from the bladder neck (point 1) to the external urethral meatus (point 6). It determined the x and y coordinates of the points relative to the symphysis pubis. The distance between the points and symphysis pubis (dist. 1 to 6) was calculated using the formula SQRT (x2 + y2). The visualized UMP was created by reproducing the six points on a bitmap.

Results Valid UMP data of 78 control women and 90 women with SUI were analyzed. In the two positions, distances 1 to 6 were significantly greater in the SUI group than the continent group (all p < 0.05). During Valsalva, the distance between the mid-urethra (dist. 3 and 4) and the symphysis was significantly increased (all p < 0.001) in the SUI group. The visualized UMP showed a similar upper-urethral course in the two groups. The gap between the mid-urethra (points 3 and 4) and symphysis was wider in the SUI group.

Conclusion The visualized UMP in supine and standing positions showed no difference in the bladder neck and upper urethral stability between incontinent and continent women, but mid-urethral stability was weaker in SUI.
Step-By-Step Segmental Analysis of the Fetal Heart with an Uncommon
Situs Anomaly
Authors: Ergani Seval Yilmaz , Yılmaz Osman
Published: February 2022

Congenital heart diseases are the most common congenital anomalies during the
fetal period. The diagnosis of complex congenital heart diseases in the fetal
period is not always easy. While evaluating cardiac abnormalities, performing
segmental analysis and step-by-step evaluation will facilitate the diagnosis of
prenatal cardiac diseases. Here, we report a rare variant AV (atrioventricular)
and VA (ventriculoarterial) discordance pattern detected in utero and identified
based on step-by-step segmental analysis.
Simultaneous Multifrequency (SiMFy) Stimulus: A Novel and Reliable Stimulus for Frequency Tuning of Ocular Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potentials
Authors: Singh Niraj Kumar , Ravikumar Mamatha Hunsur , Maruthy Sandeep
Published: February 2022

Abstract Background Frequency tuning of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) refers to the frequency of tone burst that produces the largest amplitude oVEMP. There is an ever-growing pool of published studies that found the frequency tuning of
oVEMP distinctly different in Ménière's disease than the age-matched controls and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. However, recording oVEMP in response to many frequencies makes an already lengthy vestibular test battery even more cumbersome and time-consuming. Purpose The
aim of this study was to develop a novel time-saving stimulus that produces reliable results. Research Design Prospective study. Study Sample The study included 25 young, healthy adults. Data Collection The tone-bursts of 2000, 1500, 1000, 750,
500, and 250 Hz were generated and sequenced in this order to prepare a stimulus for simultaneous multifrequency (SiMFy) oVEMP. The response parameters of SiMFy and conventional oVEMP methods were compared. Results No significant difference in peak-to-peak amplitude
and frequency tuning existed between conventional and SiMFy oVEMP (p > 0.05). SiMFy had better test‐retest reliability and was less time-consuming than the conventional oVEMP. Conclusions SiMFy is a time-saving and reliable stimulus for obtaining frequency
tuning of oVEMP with no compromise on the outcomes. It can be immediately applied in most commercially available evoked potential systems with a facility for loading an external stimulus.
Convenient Approach to Bicyclic Sultams
Authors: Kostyuk Aleksandr , Filimonchuk Sergiy L. , Nazarenko Kostiantyn , Shvydenko Tetiana , Shvydenko Kostiantyn , Rusanov Eduard B.
Published: February 2022

A method for the synthesis of aminomethyl-substituted five-membered sultams has been developed. The aminomethyl sultams were synthesized from the corresponding iodomethyl derivatives by nucleophilic substitution of the iodine atom with sodium azide followed by reduction on Pd/C. This method was further expanded to side-chain-substituted sultams, starting from amino acid esters, to obtain aminomethyl-containing bicycles. The simple practical procedure and available starting amino acid esters, including chiral examples, make various bicyclic sultams readily available.
Nickel-Catalyzed Regioselective Thiolation of Anilides with Thiols
Authors: Kianmehr Ebrahim , Foroumadi Alireza , Doraghi Fatemeh
Published: February 2022

An efficient method for direct thiolation of anilides with thiols using NiCl2·6H2O as the catalyst is developed. Using this method, the desired products were successfully synthesized in moderate to good yields. Initial mechanistic studies suggest that this reaction proceeds through a radical pathway.
Retrograde Percutaneous Intervention of Chronic Total Occlusion Step by Step
Authors: Rao V. Suryaprakasa
Published: February 2022

Retrograde approach for chronic total occlusion percutaneous intervention is the ultimate technique for success in cases of high Japan-CTO (JCTO) score, ostial locations, long calcific lesions with calcium, and in retry cases. There are various methods of collateral cross, reverse controlled antegrade and retrograde tracking, and externalization, which are practiced by various experts. Intravascular ultrasound-guided procedures will minimize complications and increase chances of stent optimization for better outcomes.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia/Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Authors: Pickens Chiagozie I. , Wunderink Richard G.
Published: February 2022

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). MRSA pneumonia is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several virulence factors allow S. aureus to become an effective pathogen. The polysaccharide intracellular adhesin allows for the production of biofilms, some strains can produce capsular polysaccharides that protect against phagocytosis, microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs) allow for colonization of epithelial surfaces, and S. aureus secretes several exotoxins that aid in tissue destruction. The α-hemolysin exotoxin secreted by S. aureus is one of the most important virulence factors for the bacteria. The diagnosis of MRSA pneumonia can be challenging; the infection may present as a mild respiratory infection or severe respiratory failure and septic shock. Many individuals are colonized with MRSA and thus a positive nasopharyngeal swab does not confirm infection in the lower respiratory tract. The management of MRSA pneumonia has evolved. Historically, vancomycin has been the primary antibiotic used to treat MRSA pneumonia. Over the past decade, prospective studies have shown that linezolid leads to higher rates of clinical cure. Monoclonal antibodies are being studied as potential therapeutic options. MRSA is an important cause of HAP/VAP; novel diagnostics may facilitate rapid diagnosis of this infection and the available literature should be used to make informed decisions on management.
Fulminant Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Review of Treatment Options for a Life-Threatening Infection
Authors: Carlson Travis J. , Gonzales-Luna Anne J. , Garey Kevin W.
Published: February 2022

Fulminant Clostridioides difficile infection (FCDI) encompasses 3 to 5% of all CDI cases with associated mortality rates between 30 and 40%. Major treatment modalities include surgery and medical management with antibiotic and nonantibiotic therapies. However, identification of patients with CDI that will progress to FCDI is difficult and makes it challenging to direct medical management and identify those who may benefit from surgery. Furthermore, since it is difficult to study such a critically ill population, data investigating treatment options are limited. Surgical management with diverting loop ileostomy (LI) instead of a total abdominal colectomy (TAC) with end ileostomy has several appealing advantages, and studies have not consistently demonstrated a clinical benefit with this less-invasive strategy, so both LI and TAC remain acceptable surgical options. Successful medical management of FCDI is complicated by pharmacokinetic changes that occur in critically ill patients, and there is an absence of high-quality studies that included patients with FCDI. Recommendations accordingly include a combination of antibiotics administered via multiple routes to ensure adequate drug concentrations in the colon: intravenous metronidazole, high-dose oral vancomycin, and rectal vancomycin. Although fidaxomicin is now recommended as first-line therapy for non-FCDI, there are limited clinical data to support its use in FCDI. Several nonantibiotic therapies, including fecal microbiota transplantation and intravenous immunoglobulin, have shown success as adjunctive therapies, but they are unlikely to be effective alone. In this review, we aim to summarize diagnosis and treatment options for FCDI.
Avaliação funcional do tratamento endoscópico do impacto isquiofemoral: Relatos de caso
Authors: Tavares Bruno Silva , de Paula Ricardo Mendonça , Delevedove Lucas Ricci , Favaro Pedro Ivo Ferreira , Nogueira Leonardo Santa Cruz , de Oliveira Leandro Alves
Published: February 2022

O impacto isquiofemoral (IIF), apesar de infrequente, deve ser pensado como uma das causas da síndrome da dor glútea profunda. A dificuldade em se estabelecer o diagnóstico de IIF e os exames clínicos imprecisos podem ser associados à pequena quantidade de relatos de caso na literatura. O tratamento inicial de IIF utiliza medidas conservadoras, sendo o tratamento cirúrgico pouco frequente. A seguir, está o relato de caso de quatro pacientes adultas com diagnóstico de IIF sem sucesso com tratamento conservador, nas quais realizou-se a ressecção endoscópica do trocanter menor com bons resultados.
Building a Foundation for the Care of Children with Cancer in Rural North India
Authors: Nagabushan Sumanth , Rao Prashanth J. , Ganta Roopa , Chaturvedi Shailja
Published: February 2022

One of India's biggest challenges is to improve its global standing by increasing healthcare access and outcomes for children with cancer, with inferior overall survivorship compared with its Western counterparts. In conjunction with the government's efforts, private enterprise is crucial in delivering optimal cancer care consistently to its vast and diverse pediatric population, despite existing limitations. This article describes the successful implementation of a value-based, collaborative clinical and research framework by a philanthropic foundation in a rural Northern Indian city to establish and run a local childhood cancer service. It is proof of concept that substantial change could be brought about at grass roots level through resourceful partnerships and reduce prevailing imbalance in pediatric oncology service provision.
Integrated Infection Control in the Maxillofacial Operation Theatre Considering COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Chauhan Shruti , Smriti Smriti , Kumar Mamit , Arora Karandeep Singh
Published: February 2022

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has influenced all services of life, including dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgery. COVID-19 is primarily spread through contact with infected person, mucosal/respiratory droplets, fomites/contaminated surfaces/objects, and aerosol. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are particularly at a high risk of transmission of COVID-19 due to proximity with patient during treatment. All cases should be assumed COVID-19 positive till proven otherwise because now asymptomatic patients also report to be COVID-19 positive. Such patients act as a carrier, shedding virus to expose the oral and maxillofacial surgeons. All elective procedures can be postponed. Only emergency cases that require immediate treatment should be done with proper standard precautions and sound infection control practice. During surgery, we require a maxillofacial operation theater (OT), which is divergent from other OTs due to the use of high-powered aerosol-generating instruments during surgery that increase the chances of spreading infection in the OTs. The aim of this paper is to integrate infection control in the OT for the management of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients throughout emergency treatment in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Rapidly decaying Wigner functions are Schwartz functions
Authors: Hernández Felipe , Riedel C. Jess
Published: February 2022

We show that if the Wigner function of a (possibly mixed) quantum state decays toward infinity faster than any polynomial in the phase space variables x and p, then so do all its derivatives, i.e., it is a Schwartz function on phase space. This is equivalent to the condition that the Husimi function is a Schwartz function, that the quantum state is a Schwartz operator in the sense of Keyl et al. [Rev. Math. Phys. 28(03), 1630001 (2016)], and, in the case of a pure state, that the wavefunction is a Schwartz function on configuration space. We discuss the interpretation of this constraint on Wigner functions and provide explicit bounds on Schwartz seminorms.
Coherent oscillations in balanced neural networks driven by endogenous fluctuations
Authors: di Volo Matteo , Segneri Marco , Goldobin Denis S. , Politi Antonio , Torcini Alessandro
Published: February 2022

We present a detailed analysis of the dynamical regimes observed in a balanced network of identical quadratic integrate-and-fire neurons with sparse connectivity for homogeneous and heterogeneous in-degree distributions. Depending on the parameter values, either an asynchronous regime or periodic oscillations spontaneously emerge. Numerical simulations are compared with a mean-field model based on a self-consistent Fokker–Planck equation (FPE). The FPE reproduces quite well the asynchronous dynamics in the homogeneous case by either assuming a Poissonian or renewal distribution for the incoming spike trains. An exact self-consistent solution for the mean firing rate obtained in the limit of infinite in-degree allows identifying balanced regimes that can be either mean- or fluctuation-driven. A low-dimensional reduction of the FPE in terms of circular cumulants is also considered. Two cumulants suffice to reproduce the transition scenario observed in the network. The emergence of periodic collective oscillations is well captured both in the homogeneous and heterogeneous setups by the mean-field models upon tuning either the connectivity or the input DC current. In the heterogeneous situation, we analyze also the role of structural heterogeneity.
The hard x-ray nanotomography microscope at the advanced light source
Authors: Nichols Joseph B. , Voltolini Marco , Gilbert Benjamin , MacDowell Alastair A. , Czabaj Michael W.
Published: February 2022

Beamline 11.3.1 at the Advanced Light Source is a tender/hard (6–17 keV) x-ray bend magnet beamline recently re-purposed with a new full-field, nanoscale transmission x-ray microscope. The microscope is designed to image composite and porous materials possessing a submicrometer structure and compositional heterogeneity that determine materials’ performance and geologic behavior. The theoretical and achieved resolutions are 55 and <100 nm, respectively. The microscope is used in tandem with a <25 nm eccentricity rotation stage for high-resolution volume imaging using nanoscale computed tomography. The system also features a novel bipolar illumination condenser for the illumination of an ∼100 μm spot of interest on the sample, followed by a phase-type zone plate magnifying objective of ∼52 µm field of view and a phase detection ring. The zone plate serves as the system objective and magnifies the sample with projection onto an indirect x-ray detection system, consisting of a polished single crystal CsI(Tl) scintillator and a range of high-quality Plan Fluorite visible light objectives. The objectives project the final visible light image onto a water-cooled CMOS 2048 × 2048-pixel2 detector. Here, we will discuss the salient features of this instrument and describe early results from imaging the internal three-dimensional microstructure and nanostructure of target materials, including fiber-reinforced composites and geomaterials.
Bidirectional motion characteristics of a single harmonic-driven self-clamping linear piezoelectric motor
Authors: He Liangguo , Shan Zengxiang , Li Xinyu , Li Kun , Dou Haotian , Ge Xinfang , Dong Yuge , Wang Hu
Published: February 2022

We propose a multimodal model to realize the bidirectional motion of a self-clamping linear piezoelectric motor driven by a single harmonic signal based on previous motor research. Compared with the previous version, only the characteristics of the drive signal need to be changed in the motor without changing any other conditions to excite multimode and achieve reverse movement. The finite element software COMSOL5.2 was used to simulate the mode of the motor. The prototype has a maximum output speed of 71.5 mm/s, a maximum traction of 0.9 N at a voltage of 220 Vp-p, a frequency of 536 Hz, and a preload of 2 N. The minimum resolution of 26.4 µm was achieved at no-load, a voltage of 120 Vp-p, and a preload of 0 N.
Evidence for multiple liquid–liquid phase transitions in carbon, and the Friedel ordering of its liquid state
Authors: Dharma-wardana M. W. C. , Klug Dennis D.
Published: February 2022

Carbon, the fourth most abundant element in the universe, forms a metallic fluid with transient covalent bonds on melting. Its liquid–liquid phase transitions, intensely sought using simulations, had been elusive. Here, we use density functional theory (DFT) simulations with up to 108 atoms using molecular dynamics, as well as one-atom DFT as implemented in the neutral pseudo-atom method where multi-atom effects are treated by ion–ion correlation functionals. Both methods use electron–electron exchange correlation functionals for electron many-body effects. Here, we show using both methods that liquid carbon displays multiple liquid–liquid transitions linked to changes in coordination number in the density range 3–6 g/cm3 when a coordination number of 12 is reached. The transitions disappear by 4 eV in temperature. The calculated pressures and transition densities are shown to be sensitive to the exchange-correlation functionals used. Significantly, we find that a simple metallic model yields the structure factors and thermodynamics with quantitative accuracy, without invoking any covalent-bonding features. The ion–ion structure factor for these densities and temperatures is found to have a subpeak tied to twice the Fermi wavevector, constraining the fluid in momentum space. The dominant Friedel oscillations forming the pair interactions correlate the ions and drive the multiple liquid–liquid phase transitions. Our results suggest that liquid carbon typifies a class of fluids whose structure is ordered by the long-ranged Friedel oscillations in the pair-potentials. These results are critical to terrestrial and astrophysical studies, inertial fusion using carbon drivers, refined shock experiments, and in seeking new carbon-based materials.
Development of triaxial compressive apparatus for neutron experiments with rocks
Authors: Abe Jun , Kawasaki Takuro , Harjo Stefanus
Published: February 2022

Underground engineering for processes such as geological disposal of high-level nuclear waste, CO2 capture and storage, and mining and drilling for resources requires an understanding of the mechanical behavior of rocks at subsurface stress states, i.e., triaxial compressive stress. Strain measurement using neutron diffraction can be applied to rocks to analyze strain accumulation mechanisms at the microscopic scale. This study reports the development of triaxial compressive apparatus for strain measurement using neutron diffraction. The apparatus can analyze rock specimens (diameter, 25 mm; length, 50 mm) and apply a maximum confining pressure of 50 MPa. Materials for the components of the apparatus were investigated theoretically based on neutron beam transmission and experimentally using neutron diffraction experiments. The feasibility of the apparatus was verified by measuring strain at hydrostatic pressure under the application of confining pressure and triaxial compression. The theoretical and experimental results show that the apparatus could obtain sufficient neutron statistics from a rock specimen. It was confirmed experimentally that the measured strain values are correlated with the applied confining pressure and stress. The lattice strains of quartz minerals measured by neutron diffraction showed linear deformation behavior, indicating that elastic strain accumulated in the minerals. This apparatus will enable the finding of new insights into the deformation mechanisms of rocks.
Ferroelectricity in hafnium oxide films doped with magnesium by chemical solution deposition
Authors: Li Ziqi , Zhou Dayu , Wang Jingjing , Sun Nana , Zhang Weiqi
Published: February 2022

In this study, a series of ∼26 nm thick hafnium oxide films doped with different concentrations of Mg were prepared by the chemical solution deposition method. With the increase of Mg concentration, the film undergoes a phase transition from monoclinic, through orthorhombic, and then to cubic. Metal–insulator–semiconductor capacitors were fabricated, and the ferroelectricity was verified for films doped with an Mg concentration of 0.4–3.7 mol. %. For the film doped with 2.3 mol. % Mg, the remanent polarization is 16.4 μC/cm2 after the wake-up process, and 76.1% of the initial 2Pr value can be maintained after 107 cycles of bipolar field cycling. All the results show that Mg is a promising dopant to stabilize the ferroelectricity of hafnium oxide films.