bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Direct Anticoagulants and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Fabjan Andrej , Bajrović Fajko F.
Published: February 2018

Coagulation factors can affect cellular processes that include inflammatory signaling by acting on endothelial protease activated receptors, vascular smooth muscle and inflammatory cells beyond the coagulation cascade. This is important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Accordingly, experimental data points to beneficial effects of coagulation protease inhibitors on the attenuation of atherosclerosis progression in animal models. However, available clinical data do not support the use of anticoagulants as an add-on treatment of atherosclerosis. New clinical studies are needed with a better selection of patients to clarify the role of novel direct anticoagulants in the management of atherosclerosis.
Caveolin-1 in Stroke Neuropathology and Neuroprotection: A Novel Molecular Therapeutic Target for Ischemic-Related Injury
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Head Brian P.
Published: February 2018

Cardiovascular disease and associated cerebral stroke are a global epidemic attributed to genetic and epigenetic factors, such as diet, life style and an increasingly sedentary existence due to technological advances in both the developing and developed world. There are approximately 5.9 million stroke-related deaths worldwide annually. Current epidemiological data indicate that nearly 16.9 million people worldwide suffer a new or recurrent stroke yearly. In 2014 alone, 2.4% of adults in the United States (US) were estimated to experience stroke, which is the leading cause of adult disability and the fifth leading cause of death in the US There are 2 main types of stroke: Hemorrhagic (HS) and ischemic stroke (IS), with IS occurring more frequently. HS is caused by intra-cerebral hemorrhage mainly due to high blood pressure, while IS is caused by either embolic or thrombotic stroke. Both result in motor impairments, numbness or abnormal sensations, cognitive deficits, and mood disorders (e.g. depression). This review focuses on the 1) pathophysiology of stroke (neuronal cell loss, defective blood brain barrier, microglia activation, and inflammation), 2) the role of the membrane protein caveolin- 1 (Cav-1) in normal brain physiology and stroke-induced changes, and, 3) we briefly discussed the potential therapeutic role of Cav-1 in recovery following stroke.
Anti-Angiogenic Activity of Curcumin in Cancer Therapy: A Narrative Review
Authors: Shakeri Abolfazl , Ward Natalie , Panahi Yunes , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: February 2018

Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol isolated from Curcuma longa that has various pharmacological activities, including, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. The anticancer effect of curcumin is attributed to activation of apoptotic pathways in cancer cells, as well as inhibition of inflammation and angiogenesis in the tumour microenvironment and suppression of tumour metastasis. Angiogenesis, which is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is a fundamental step in tumour growth and expansion. Several reports have demonstrated that curcumin inhibits angiogenesis in a wide variety of tumour cells through the modulation of various cell signaling pathways which involve transcription factors, protein kinases, growth factors and enzymes. This review provides an updated summary of the various pathways and molecular targets that are regulated by curcumin to elicit its anti-angiogenic activity.
A Hybrid Approach for Sub-Acute Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation Using Random Decision Forest and Gravitational Search Algorithm
Authors: Melingi Sunil Babu , Vijayalakshmi V.
Published: February 2018

Background:

The sub-acute ischemic stroke is the most basic illnesses reason for death
on the planet. We evaluate the impact of segmentation technique during the time of breaking
down the capacities of the cerebrum.

Objective: The main objective of this paper is to segment the ischemic stroke lesions in Magnetic
Resonance (MR) images in the presence of other pathologies like neurological disorder, encephalopathy,
brain damage, Multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods:

In this paper, we utilize a hybrid way to deal with segment the ischemic stroke from alternate
pathologies in magnetic resonance (MR) images utilizing Random Decision Forest (RDF)
and Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA). The RDF approach is an effective machine learning
approach.

Results:

The RDF strategy joins two parameters; they are; the number of trees in the forest and
the number of leaves per tree; it runs quickly and proficiently when dealing with vast data. The
GSA algorithm is utilized to optimize the RDF data for choosing the best number of trees and the
number of leaves per tree in the forest.

Conclusion:

This paper provides a new hybrid GSA-RDF classifier technique to segment the
ischemic stroke lesions in MR images. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed
technique has the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE),
and Mean Bias Error (MBE) ranges are 16.5485 %, 7.2654 %, and 2.4585 %individually. The
proposed RDF-GSA algorithm has better precision and execution when compared with the existing
ischemic stroke segmentation method.
Oxidation of Potassium Channels in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Mini- Review
Authors: Yang Junsheng , Yan Xueni
Published: February 2018

Background & Objective: Increased level of reactive oxygen species is a hallmark of common
neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease. ROS can oxidize
macromolecules including DNA, lipids and proteins and cause oxidative damage to the cell.
Emerging evidence indicate that potassium channels in the central nervous system are no exceptions to
these oxidative modifications.

Conclusion:

In this mini-review, we summarized recent reports on the oxidation of potassium channels
in the CNS and the consequently resulted changes in cell functions and viability, with focus on its
implications in neurodegenerative diseases.
Inhibition of Neurogenesis by Zika Virus Infection
Authors: Ahmad Fahim , Siddiqui Amna , Kamal Mohammad A. , Sohrab Sayed Sartaj
Published: February 2018

Background & Objective: The link between Zika Virus (ZIKV) epidemic and neurological
disorder has raised an urgent global alarm. The current epidemic of ZIKV has triggered quick responses
in the scientific world. The first case of ZIKV was reported in 2015 from Brazil and now has
spread over 30 countries. Nearly four hundred cases of traveler associated ZIKV infection have also
been reported in the United States. ZIKV is primarily transmitted by mosquito belonging to the genus
Aedes that are widely distributed throughout the world. Additionally, the virus can also be transmitted
from male to female by sexual contact. The epidemiological investigations during the current outbreak
found a causal link between infection in pregnant women and the development of microcephaly
(MCPH) in their unborn babies. This finding is a cause of grave concern since MCPH is a serious neural
developmental disorder that can lead to significant post-natal developmental abnormalities and disabilities.
Recently, published data indicates that ZIKV infection severely affects the growth of fetal
neural progenitor cells and cerebral neurons resulting in malformation of cerebral cortex leading to
MCPH. Recently, it has been reported that ZIKV infection deregulates the signaling pathway of neuronal
cell and inhibits the neurogenesis.

Conclusion:

In this review, we discussed the information about cellular and molecular mechanisms of
neurodegeneration of human neuronal cells and inhibition of neurogenesis. The provided information
in this review will be very useful further not only in neuro-scientific research but also in the desig and
development of management strategies for MCPH and other mosquito-borne diseases.
TNF-α Polymorphisms and Maternal Depression in a Mexican Mestizo Population
Authors: Sandoval-Carrillo Ada , Alvarado-Esquivel Cosme , Salas-Martinez Carlos , Mendez-Hernandez Edna M. , Sifuentes-Alvarez Antonio , Martínez-Martinez Ana L. , Castillo-Orona Juan M. , Hernandez-Tinoco Jesus , Antuna-Salcido Elizabeth I. , Sanchez-Anguiano Luis F. , Velez Velez Lilia M. , Salas-Pacheco Sergio M. , Castellanos-Juarez Francisco X. , Llave-Leon Osmel La , Arias-Carrion Oscar , Salas-Pacheco Jose M.
Published: February 2018

Background:

Depressive disorders are common during pregnancy. There is compelling
evidence that the inflammatory response system is important in the pathophysiology of depression.
Higher concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in
depressed subjects have been described. Because several polymorphisms in the TNF-α promoter region
are known to affect its gene expression, the aim of this study was determine whether TNF-α -
857C/T, -308G/A, and -238G/A polymorphisms confer susceptibility to depression during pregnancy
in a Mexican mestizo population.

Methods:

This case-control study involved 153 depressed pregnant women and 177 controls. Polymorphisms
were genotyped using real-time PCR. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals adjusted
by age, body mass index, number of pregnancies, months of pregnancy and number of abortions
were used to estimate risk.

Results:

The -857CT genotype was found to increase the risk for depression (OR= 1.73, 95% CI=
1.06-2.82). In contrast, the -238GA genotype reduced the risk (OR= 0.33, 95% CI= 0.14-0.72). The -
308G/A polymorphism was not associated with risk for depression. Finally, the C857-G308-A238
haplotype was associated with a decreased risk of depression (OR= 0.35, 95% CI= 0.15-0.82).

Conclusion:

Our results show for the first time an association between TNF-α -857C/T and -238G/A
polymorphisms and prenatal depression in Mexican mestizo population.
The Management of Process of the Budget Area
Authors: Mora Mayra Leonor Chancay , Triana María Sonia Fleitas
Published: February 2018

The budget area, of the Technical University of Manabí, has an organizational structure that is not coupled with the planning, because it has an organizational complexity according to its technical-administrative dimension, although it complies with all the organizational processes that involve the execution of the institutional budget taking into account the importance of human, material and technological resources, there are links in the budget execution program that are still weak. The research deals with the need to manage the budgetary processes, according to the activities that are planned within the Budget Area, with the objective of fulfilling the institution's priorities and strategies through the amounts assigned to its income and expenses, knowing that the budget planning and execution process is a fundamental tool to fulfill the mission and vision of Higher Education Institutions. The objective of the research is to look for alternatives that allow to solve the insufficiencies that exist in the management of the budgetary processes that affect the development of the activity, difficulties that appear both in income and in expenses; having as a result of these problems: rejections in the budgetary modifications, delays in the execution of the payment processes, actions that are fundamental for the execution of the institutional budget, which may affect the vision of the university.
Embargo Ekonomi sebagai Strategi Konfrontasi Uni Eropa terhadap Rusia pada Masa Konflik Ukraina 2013-2015
Authors: Hanifah Ummu Ro'iyatu Nahdliyati Millati
Published: February 2018

AbstraksiPosisi Ukraina yang strategis bagi Rusia maupun Uni Eropa seringkali menjadikannya sebagai medan konflik antara Rusia dan Uni Eropa. Seperti yang terjadi pada tahun 2013-2015, konflik domestik yang diawali oleh keluarnya Ukraina dari Perjanjian Asosiasi Eropa menjadi medan konflik antara Rusia dan Uni Eropa. Rusia yang merupakan negara pewaris Soviet merasa perlu untuk melindungi etnis Rusia yang berada di Ukraina menuntut Rusia untuk melakukan campur tangan dalam konflik domestik tersebut. Sedangkan Uni Eropa yang merasa kepentingan politiknya diganggu oleh Rusia pada akhirnya melakukan embargo ekonomi terhadap Rusia atas campur tangannya tersebut, sementara Uni Eropa memiliki ketergantungan terhadap Rusia dalam hal energi. Dalam penelitian ini akan dibahas mengenai embargo ekonomi yang diberikan oleh Uni Eropa terhadap Rusia serta latar belakang embargo tersebut dengan menggunakan teori foreign policy strategy dan konsep energy security. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksplanatif dengan menggunakan data kualitatif yang bersumber dari studi kepustakaan. Kebijakan embargo ekonomi yang dilakukan oleh Uni Eropa tersebut merupakan strategi konfrontasi Uni Eropa terhadap Rusia yang di dasari oleh dua hal, yaitu kapabilitas Uni Eropa yang dirasa lebih tinggi daripada Rusia serta posisi Rusia yang dianggap sebagai ancaman oleh Uni Eropa.Kata Kunci: Perjanjian Asosiasi Eropa, embargo ekonomi, strategi konfrontasi, konflik Ukraina.
The Victory of Pluralism: The Role of International Law in The South China Sea Dispute
Authors: Siahaan Verdinand Robertua
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis research discussed the role of Permanent Court of Arbitration’s decision on the dynamic of South China Sea dispute. Court’s decision in July 2016 to regulate South China Sea based on UNCLOS’s regulation has provoked China’s objection. This research question is on how to understand the role of international law in the South China Sea dispute using English School Theory. To answer the research question, this research is using English School Theory with its two pillars namely pluralism and solidarism. This research shows two findings. First, the PCA decision has been used by the Philippines to be momentum for transformation from solidarist mode of foreign policy to pluralist mode. Secondly, the pluralism pillar of English School is more relevant in analyzing the role of international law on South China Sea Dispute with the addition of reconceptualization of legitimacy.Key words: English School, international law, Permanent Court of Arbitration, pluralism, solidarism, South China Sea
Migrasi Internasional Pada Wanita di Kabupaten Tulungagung: Sebuah Konstruksi Sosial
Authors: - Anggaunitakiranantika
Published: February 2018

AbstrakBuruh Migran Indonesia yang bekerja di luar negeri, baik kategori legal maupun yang ilegal lebih banyak melibatkan tenaga kerja wanita salah satunya berasal dari Kabupaten Tulungagung, Propinsi Jawa Timur. Di Negara Hongkong jumlah TKI asal Propinsi Jawa Timur paling banyak, yakni mencapai sekitar 170.000 orang, disusul Taiwan sekitar 160.000, dan Malaysia sekitar 130.000 orang. Penelitian dilakukan untuk melakukan identifikasi pada ketertarikan wanita di Kabupaten Tulungagung pada untuk menjadi buruh migran di Hongkong yang selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan teori konstruksi sosial. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dengan teknik purposive di Kabupaten Tulungagung meliputi 6 Kecamatan terpilih dengan melakukan observasi dan  in-depth interview pada 20 informan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi emigrasi wanita ke Hongkong sesuai dengan konstruksi sosial yang terbentuk adalah Adanya jaringan migran sukses yang berada di Hongkong dengan berbagai fasilitas, kemudahan dan kenyamanan yang ditawarkan, “social prestige” pada mereka yang bekerja sebagai buruh migran dan kebutuhan dalam jangka panjang.Kata Kunci: Hongkong, Konstruksi Sosial, Migrasi Internasional, Perempuan, TulungagungAbstractIndonesian domestic worker whose came from Tulungagung Regency, East Java has been engaged as women labor and known as legal or illegal worker abroad. Divided into destination labor proportion at East Java Province, Hongkong has the first position with 170.000 worker, followed by Taiwan on 160.000 and Malaysia at least 130.000 worker being there. Research was conducted to identify local women interest on being Indonesian domestic worker using social construction theory. Research was done on purposive technique by qualitative method at Tulungagung Regency which covered 6 chosen district. Observed at least 20 informan and having in-depth interviewed, research identified through some factor: based on social construction, succeed migrant network at Hongkong has bade on privilege and comfortable life. Hence, social prestige also offers for Indonesia domestic worker at Hongkong. Latest finding is about international migration was seen as necessary things in life for longtime needs among them.Keyword: Hongkong, International Migration, Social Construction, Tulungagung, Women
Peran Globalisasi di Balik Munculnya Tantangan Baru Bagi Diplomasi di Era Kontemporer
Authors: Nurika Rizki Rahmadini
Published: February 2018

AbstrakGlobalisasi telah memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada kajian hubungan internasional. Salah satunya adalah ketika globalisasi memperluas cara bagaimana diplomasi itu dilakukan. Diplomasi tidak hanya dipandang sebagai agenda resmi yang di dalamnya hanya terdapat negara yang berperan sebagai satu-satunya aktor. Lebih dari itu, kini diplomasi dapat dilakukan oleh aktor bukan negara pada agenda resmi maupun tak resmi. Diplomasi juga dibekali dengan penyebaran isu-isu baru. Seiring dengan arus globalisasi, isu-isu hubungan internasional pun kini turut berkembang dan meluas sebagai dampak dari fenomena menyempitnya ruang dan waktu. Kondisi yang demikian ini lah yang kini menjadi karakteristik diplomasi di era kontemporer, yang membuat diplomasi tertantang untuk mempertahankan eksistensinya. Penelitian ini didesain untuk mengungkap logika tentang bagaimana globalisasi memicu munculnya tantangan baru bagi diplomasi. Metode yang digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tantangan baru bagi diplomasi muncul ketika globalisasi mengubah sifat alamiah dari diplomasi itu sendiri.Kata Kunci: Diplomasi, Globalisasi, TantanganAbstractGlobalization has given its significance influences on the study of international relations. One of them is when it has expanded the way diplomacy is performed. Diplomacy is no longer perceived only on a formal agenda in which state acts as the only one actor. Far beyond that, now diplomacy can be conducted by non-state actor both in formal and informal agenda. Diplomacy is also equipped by the spread of new issues. In line with the flow of globalization, international relations issues have developed and broadened rapidly as well as the narrowing space and time phenomena happened. Here, those given circumstances are now perceived as the characteristics of diplomacy in this contemporary era, by which diplomacy is challenged to maintain its existence. This research is designed to reveal the logic for how globalization triggers the emergence of new challenges for diplomacy. Method used to answer such question is qualitative research by using secondary data. The finding shows that new challenges for diplomacy come when globalization changes the nature of diplomacy itself.Key Words: Challenge, Diplomacy, Globalization
KUALITAS PERTEMANAN DAN BULLYING VICTIMIZATION PADA REMAJA SMP DI KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Putri Aulia Denisa , Afriani Afriani
Published: February 2018

Maraknya kasus bullying victimization pada remaja saat ini menjadi perhatian serius. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya suatu faktor protektif yang dapat berkontribusi dalam mengurangi bullying yang terjadi, khususnya dari pihak korban. Salah satu faktor protektif yang potensial adalah melalui hubungan pertemanan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas pertemanan dengan bullying victimization pada remaja SMP di Kota Banda Aceh. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 360 remaja SMP (185 laki-laki dan 175 perempuan). Total dari 360 remaja SMP dari 4 sekolah di kota Banda Aceh didapatkan dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel cluster sampling dan disproportionate stratified random sampling. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Friendship Qualities Scale dan The Revised Olweus Victim Questionnaire. Hasil analisa menunjukkan terdapat hubungan negatif dan siginifikan antara kualitas pertemanan dengan bullying victimization pada remaja SMP di Kota Banda Aceh (r= -0,3, p<0,05). Hal ini mengindikasikan semakin tinggi skor kualitas pertemanan maka semakin rendah skor pada intensitas bullying victimization, demikian pula sebaliknya. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas pertemanan yang tinggi dapat menjadi pelindung yang potensial dalam menurunkan keterlibatan remaja dalam bullying victimization. Kata kunci : Kualitas pertemanan, Bullying Victimization, Remaja SMP The increasing rates of bullying victimization on adolescence recently is an alarm. Therefore, there is need for a protective factor that can contribute in reducing the instances of bullying, particularly for the victim. One of potential protective factor is friendship. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between friendship quality and bullying victimization on middle school students in Banda Aceh. A total of 360 middle school students (185 male and 175 female) from 4 schools in Banda Aceh was selected using cluster and disproportionate stratified random sampling. Data in this study was collected using Friendship Qualities Scale and The Revised Olweus Victim Questionnaire. Data analysis showed that there was a negative and significant correlation between friendship quality and bullying victimization on middle school students in Banda Aceh (r= -0,3, p<0,05). This indicated that higher score on friendship quality scale would followed by lower score on bullying victimization questionnaire, and vice versa. Thus, it can be concluded that a high friendship quality could be a potential protection in decreasing adolescents involvement in bullying victimization. Keywords: Friendship quality, bullying victimization, middle school students
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KOMITMEN KARIER
Authors: Ingarianti Tri Muji
Published: February 2018

Komitmen karier adalah sikap yang ditunjukkan individu dalam mencapai tujuan karier.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hasil-hasil penelitian (literature review) mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi komitmen karier pada individu. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada database elektronik SAGE Journals, ProQuest, dan Science Direct dengan menggunakan kata kunci “career commitment”. Hasil penelusuran menunjukkan bahwa komitmen karier dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal yang mempengaruhi komitmen karier terdiri dari komitmen organisasi, keterlibatan kerja, kepuasan kerja, nilai kerja, pengalaman kerja, kepribadian, dan self-efficacy sedangkan faktor eksternal terdiri dari situasi kerja yang meliputi kondisi kerja, persepsi pensiun, persepsi terhadap ancaman dalam bekerja, dorongan yang ditawarkan organisasi (offered inducements), kontribusi yang diharapkan organisasi (expected contributions), peluang promosi, dan reward. Kata kunci: Karier, komitmen karier Career commitment is the attitude that individuals show in achieving career goals. This study aims to examine the results of research or literature review on the factors that affect career commitments in individuals. The literature search was conducted on SAGE Journals, ProQuest, and Science Direct electronic databases using the keyword "career commitment". Search results showed that career commitments are influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factors affecting career commitment consist of organizational commitment, job involvement, job satisfaction, work value, work experience, personality, and self-efficacy while external factors consist of work situations covering working conditions, retirement perception, perceptions of threats in work, encouragement offered by the organization (offered inducements), the expected contribution of the organization (expected contributions), promotion opportunities, and rewards. Keywords: Career, career commitment
Intelligent Control System of Fire-Extinguishing and Obstacle-Avoiding Hexapod Robot
Authors: Hidayati Qory , Rachman Fathur Zaini , Yanti Nur
Published: February 2018

This hexapod fire extinguisher robot is constructed based on technological developments evolving very rapidly, especially in the field of robotics technology. The hexapod robot has become a big concern in the development of robotics technology with many existing contests of hexapod robot. This hexapod fire extinguisher robot is designed based on Fuzzy Mamdani Logic. The navigation of fire extinguisher hexapod robot is based on distance detection with ultrasonic sensor determining the movement of robot’s legs utilizing Fuzzy Logic. A fire extinguisher hexapod robot will explore a tunnel arena having several rooms created for the robot to explore. This hexapod robot uses Arduino as a microcontroller and uses 18 servo motors in which each foot requires 3 servo motors. Moreover, good navigation will be aimed by utilizing Fuzzy Logic in the hexapod robot design. The application of many rules on Fuzzy Logic makes the better navigation; furthermore, the results present the ultrasonic sensor having an average error of 1.256%, the Fuzzy Logic applied showing 0% error, and the overall success rate presenting approximately 80%.
Vehicle Classification using Haar Cascade Classifier Method in Traffic Surveillance System
Authors: Ramadhani Moch Ilham , Minarno Agus Eko , Cahyono Eko Budi
Published: February 2018

Object detection based on digital image processing on vehicles is very important for establishing monitoring system or as alternative method to collect statistic data to make efficient traffic engineering decision. A vehicle counter program based on traffic video feed for specific type of vehicle using Haar Cascade Classifier was made as the output of this research. Firstly, Haar-like feature was used to present visual shape of vehicle, and AdaBoost machine learning algorithm was also employed to make a strong classifier by combining specific classifier into a cascade filter to quickly remove background regions of an image. At the testing section, the output was tested over 8 realistic video data and achieved high accuracy. The result was set 1 as the biggest value for recall and precision, 0.986 as the average value for recall and 0.978 as the average value for precision.
Geopolitik Bantuan Luar Negeri Dari Perang Dingin sampai Globalisasi
Authors: Prasetya Dion Maulana
Published: February 2018

AbstrakGeopolitik bantuan luar negeri menyiratkan adanya hubungan tak terpisahkan antara geopolitik dan bantuan luar negeri. Dengan kata lain, preferensi pemberian bantuan luar negeri sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor geopolitik. Artikel ini berusaha memaparkan kaitan antara geopolitik dan bantuan luar negeri. Lebih khusus tulisan ini membahas preferensi bantuan luar negeri Amerika Serikat (AS) yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor geopolitik. Tulisan ini terbagi menjadi tiga bagian. Bagian pertama membahas hubungan antara Marshall Plan dengan geopolitik. Bagian kedua dari tulisan ini membahas tentang konflik internal Yunani yang menjadi faktor penentu lahirnya Marshall Plan. Sedangkan bagian ketiga membahas mengenai upaya AS dalam memerangi terorisme melalui bantuan luar negeri. Dari hasil studi terlihat bahwa terjadi perubahan preferensi pemberian bantuan luar negeri berdasarkan faktor-faktor geopolitik.Kata kunci: bantuan luar negeri, geopolitik, Marshall Plan, terorisme AbstractGeopolitics of foreign aids shows a relation of geopolitic can not be separated with foreign aids. In other words, foreign aids preference will be influenced by geopolitics factors. This article tries to explain the correlation between geopolitics and foreign aids. To be more specific, this article talks about the United States foreign aids preference that is influenced by geopolitics factors. This article is divided into three parts. The first part discusses the correlation between Marshall Plan and geopolitics. The second part examines the Greek civil war that became the decisive factor of the Marshall Plan. Whereas the third part discusses about the US efforts on war against terrorism through foreign aids. The study shows that there is a change on the foreign aids preference that is influenced by geopolitics factors.Keywords: foreign aids, geopolitics, Marshall Plan, terrorism
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Authors: Pengantar Kata
Published: February 2018

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Respon Dunia Internasional Terhadap Tragedi Kemanusiaan Rohingya
Authors: Yumitro Gonda
Published: February 2018

Abstrak Kasus Rohingya sebagai tragedi kamanusiaan sudah berlangsung selama beberapa tahun. Dengan peningkatan intensitas publikasi dan jumlah pengungsi lintas Negara, pengaruh konflik Rohingya tidak hanya pada level domistik, melainkan sudah memberikan pengaruh dan menjadi isu regional bahkan Internasional. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini akan menganalis bagaimana dunia Internasional merespon tragedi kemanusiaan Rohingya. Melalui konsep Responsibility to Protect, makalah deskriptif dengan metode studi pustaka ini menggambarkan bahwa respon Internasional terhadap isu Rohingya cukup massif baik pada level bilateral, regional, maupun Internasional. Namun demikian, berbagai upaya yang dilakukan belum bersifat sistematis untuk menyelesaikan akar persoalan. Beberapa respon yang muncul lebih terlihat sebagai upaya politik untuk pencitraan diri daripada langkah ril menyelesaikan masalah, misalnya dengan mendeportasi para pengungsi Rohingya yang sudah kehilangan kewarganegaraan mereka.Kata Kunci: Respon, ASEAN, Internasional, Kemanusiaan, Rohingya AbstractRohingya case has emerged as humanism tragedy since last several years. Due to the increase of publication intensity and the number of refugees crosses countries, the influences of Rohingya case not only affected the domestic issues but also have influenced and emerged as a regional and International issue. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the International response on the human right tragedy on Rohingya issue. Through the Responsibility to Protect concept, this descriptive paper using literature reviews method describes the massif response of the International world in the level of bilateral, regional, and International. However, the response founded have not been systematic in nature solving the root of problems of the Rohingya issue. Some of the responses mostly concern on the self-political interests than the real efforts to solve the issue. Even some countries deport Rohingya refugees whose being lost their citizenship.Keywords: Respons, ASEAN, International, Humanitarian, Rohingya
Direito à educação: diferentes perspectivas
Authors: Assis Ana Elisa Spaolonzi Queiroz
Published: February 2018

Após a promulgação da Constituição de 1988, a problematização sobre direito à educação alcança novos patamares, pois além do reconhecimento constitucional, lapidado ao longo dos anos nas constituições brasileiras (FÁVERO, 1996), atribui-se também institutos de cobrança e efetivação do direito (OLIVEIRA, 1999), bem como institui-se a categoria de direito público subjetivo (DUARTE, 2004). Neste contexto, mas não exclusivamente pelo novo cenário normativo, não só o Poder Judiciário passa a ser um ator de alta relevância frente as políticas educacionais juntamente com os Poderes Legislativo e Executivo, como ampliam-se as relações que a compreensão acerca do direito à educação estabelece com outras temáticas sociais e a própria educação. É buscando somar com esse debate que organizamos o Dossiê “Direito à Educação: diferentes perspectivas”.
Return time statistics of extreme events in discrete nonlinear lattices
Authors: Mancic Ana , Maluckov Aleksandra
Published: February 2018

Time statistics of extreme events (EEs) in one-dimensional discrete Salerno
lattices is investigated numerically. We show that the dependence of the mean
return time of EEs on the amplitude threshold can be used as a criterion to
differentiate between various dynamical regimes of the extreme events. Also,
we found that dispersion of points on the time probability distribution curve
can be an indicator of the appearance of EEs in the system, but it has to be
complemented with other statistical measures. The results obtained here can
be used to distinguish between different dynamical regimes and as identifiers
of the EEs existence in the lattice system.
Saberes e percepções de professores fisioterapeutas acerca da problematização como estratégia pedagógica
Authors: Gavenda Simone , Chesani Fabiola Hermes
Published: February 2018

Este estudo propõe conhecer a percepção dos fisioterapeutas professores sobre a problematização. A coleta de dados aconteceu numa Universidade de Santa Catarina e os participantes foram 10 professores fisioterapeutas do curso de graduação em Fisioterapia. A pesquisa foi de cunho qualitativo, a coleta de dados ocorreu através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com questões abertas que abordaram sobre a problematização. Os dados foram analisados pela análise do conteúdo de Bardin. As categorias foram: o que consideram diferente e específico no processo de construção da problematização;  diferença entre o que é posto como o ideal e o real na aplicação do método; motivos e motivações para sua aplicabilidade. Constatou-se que concepção do professor está fortemente relacionada com o Método do Arco de Maguerez proposto por Díaz Bordenave e Pereira ou a Metodologia Problematizadora com o Arco de Maguerez proposto por Berbel.
Bullying entre adolescentes: Práticas discursivas de professores
Authors: Lopes Loziane Elci Alves , Silveira Edilene Aparecida Araujo
Published: February 2018

Introdução: O fenômeno do bullying é multifacetado e carregado de sentidos, saberes, cultura, experiências de vida. Objetivo: Compreender os sentidos e formas de enfrentamento de professores acerca das práticas de bullying entre adolescentes. Metodologia: O presente estudo é de natureza qualitativa, descritivo e teve como referencial teórico o construcionismo social. Participaram da pesquisa sete professores que lecionaram aulas para estudantes com idades entre 12 e 17 anos, por período maior de um mês, em 2016. Foi realizado grupo focal e diário de campo na coleta, sendo que os dados foram analisados por meio da análise temática. Resultados: Após a análise surgiram as práticas discursivas relacionadas aos temas: bullying: um fenômeno com conseqüências graves e buscando solução para o problema.Os relatos dos participantes indicaram a preocupação com a presença de bullying na escola pois este tem conseqüências graves para a vítima. Desta forma, eles buscam formas de enfrentamento, mas tem dificuldades em implementá-las.Conclusão: A aquisição de conhecimentos específicos sobre a temática poderia ter impacto positivo na execução da prática da construção da cultura de paz na escola. Mas é preciso é preciso aliar outras intervenções como o suporte da área da saúde e de outros setores da comunidade, modificação de fatores na escola que estejam estimulando a ocorrência da violência, inclusão da família entre outros aspectos. Esta será a base para a construção de projetos ousados que tenham resultados positivos na redução do bullying e de outras violências que permeiam o cotidiano escolar.
Palavras chave: Bullying; Violência; Saúde Escolar; Docente.
Análise comparativa da flexibilidade, agilidade e força de membros inferiores em adolescentes praticantes e não praticantes de Taekwondo
Authors: Da Silva Joster Faria , Silvestre Tiago Francisco , Da Silva Giuliano Roberto , Terra Gerusa Dias Siqueira Vilela , Neiva Cassiano Merussi , Tavares Marcelo Rodrigo , Vilas Boas Yvan Fernandes , Rodrigues César Augusto Costa
Published: February 2018

Introdução: A arte marcial Taekwondo, luta de origem coreana, auxilia a coordenação motora, flexibilidade, agilidade, equilíbrio, e ainda melhora a capacidade de autodefesa. Objetivos: Analisar se a arte marcial Taekwondo, contribui na melhora das valências físicas: flexibilidade, agilidade e força de membro inferior (impulsão horizontal) de jovens praticantes. Metodologia: Os participantes de ambos os gêneros (n=60) que possuíam idade entre 11 e 14 anos, foram divididos em grupo praticantes de Taekwondo (n=30) e grupo controle não praticantes de Taekwondo (n=30). Foram avaliados inicialmente para aferição dos valores das valências físicas. Após foi promovido um protocolo de treinamento com a durabilidade de 12 semanas (três vezes na semana com duração de 2 horas cada seção), cada seção foi estruturada em três etapas: i) aquecimento (alongamentos); ii) técnicas da arte marcial (chutes, combates, poomses); iii) (alongamentos). Após a execução do protocolo, foram realizadas reavaliações para averiguar se houve mudanças nas valências físicas. Os testes realizados foram: Teste de Sentar e Alcançar no Banco de Wells, Shuttle Run e Teste de Salto Horizontal. Resultados: Analisando os resultados, foi possível através da prática da arte marcial Taekwondo, melhorar os níveis das três valências físicas estudadas de ambos os sexos, porém o mesmo não foi percebido no grupo controle. Conclusão: A arte marcial Taekwondo contribuiu com a melhora dos níveis das valências físicas: flexibilidade, agilidade e força de membros inferiores em ambos os gêneros estudados no grupo de praticantes de Taekwondo, considerando p ≤ 0,05.
Influência de características populacionais na determinação de fatores de risco relacionados ao sobrepeso/obesidade infantil
Authors: Montserrat Paulo Márcio , Oliveira Gleuber Henrique Marques de , Rabelo Denise Maria Rover da Silva
Published: February 2018

Este estudo teve como objetivos analisar a prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade em crianças, de seis a dez anos, do município de Formiga-MG e investigar os fatores associados, de acordo com as características socioeconômica familiar. Para isso, foi calculado o IMC relativo à idade, de acordo com o sexo. Para avaliar os fatores associados à alteração no peso corpóreo, utilizou-se um questionário. Para verificar a influência do nível socioeconômico na determinação dos fatores de risco relacionados ao sobrepeso/obesidade infantil, os dados foram analisados de acordo com a rede de ensino em que as crianças estavam matriculadas. Para análise, utilizou-se o modelo de regressão logística binária e univariado, os testes qui-quadrado, de Pearson e exato de Fisher. O nível de significância foi de 5%. Foram analisadas 612 crianças, sendo 378 matriculadas em escolas públicas e 236 em escolas privadas. Além da renda familiar, as características divergentes entre os grupos foram: a escolaridade da mãe, o número de filhos e a execução de trabalho remunerado pela mãe. A prevalência de excesso de peso encontrada foi de 10,6% e 12,7% dentre as crianças das escolas privadas e públicas, respectivamente. Apresentaram associação com as alterações de peso nas crianças das escolas privadas, a idade da criança e o tempo de amamentação. Nas escolas públicas, o fator associado à presença de sobrepeso/obesidade foi o fato da mãe não exercer trabalho remunerado. Os resultados sugerem que os fatores relacionados ao sobrepeso/obesidade infantil variam dependendo de características populacionais, mesmo quando analisados em uma mesma região.
De la racionalidad cartográfica de la escala, a las políticas de escala en el proceso de reestructuración territorial metropolitano
Authors: Mansilla Quiñones Pablo
Published: February 2018

El presente artículo busca introducir a una revisión crítica del concepto de escala en geografía urbana, con el fin de abordar los procesos de reestructuración territorial que experimentan las grandes metrópolis latinoamericanas en el contexto del desarrollo neoliberal y de la globalización capitalista. En este sentido, se busca tensionar la concepción escalar tradicional del espacio geográfico definida por el investigador urbano desde formas arbitrarias, introduciendo el concepto de políticas de escala, develando la manera en que se conjugan diversas estrategias de poder por actores posicionados en otras dimensiones escalares, como también el modo en que sus estrategias se materializan en una escala de impacto sobre los territorios metropolitanos.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Políticas de Escala, Escala Espacial, Metrópolis, Capitalismo, Globalización
Dimensiones y actores clave de la descentralización regional en Chile (2006-2013)
Authors: Velásquez Forte Flavia
Published: February 2018

ResumenEste artículo trata de la descentralización político-administrativa chilena desde una perspectiva institucional en el marco de tres dimensiones: filosófica, política y técnica. En él se discute la influencia y alcance de cada una de ellas en los actores que llevan a cabo el diseño e implementación de las políticas descentralizadoras. Las interpretaciones que estos hagan de la realidad y la comprensión teórico-conceptual que tengan de la descentralización, influirá en las decisiones y acciones que tomen; asimismo, se analiza el rol de la SUBDERE como agente conductor de estos procesos. Esta investigación se basa en el análisis cualitativo de documentos y entrevistas a 60 actores tanto del nivel nacional como regional.Palabras clave: descentralización política, Estado, toma de decisiones, institucionalidad.
Fragmentación del Espacio Escolar Público: mecanismos de selección y su relación con la producción de fronteras y apartheid escolares
Authors: Garrido Pereira Marcelo
Published: February 2018

ResumenEste ensayo intenta aproximarse a los impactos espaciales generados por la irrupción de una densa trama de mecanismos de selección escolar en las escuelas públicas. De modo específico, se adentra en el fenómeno de la producción de fronteras físicas y no físicas que devienen de la activaciónde esos mecanismos en situaciones de alta vulnerabilidad escolar y se esgrimen argumentos particulares sobre las formas que adopta la segmentación del espacio escolar en desmedro de la naturaleza pública de la educación. Así, se develan los procesos de producción de espacio escolar propios de un programa técnico-eficientista de corte ideológico que ha copado la agenda de intervenciones para la mejora de la educación pública.Palabras clave: vulnerabilidad escolar, apartheid escolar, espacio escolar, educación pública
Cartografiando algunos de los giros de la geografía humana contemporánea: tensiones Comentario del libro En las costas del neoliberalismo. Naturaleza, urbanización y producción inmobiliaria: Experiencias en Chile y Argentina
Authors: Santana Rivas Daniel
Published: February 2018

Resumen

La geografía contemporánea se ha convertido en un fértil campo de reflexión teórica y metodológica que aunque ha diversificado sus temas de investigación –en paralelo a una revalorización científica y social del espacio–, se enfrenta también a nuevas tensiones y una marcada fragmentación. El propósito de la presente revisión es el de ofrecer una cartografía conceptual orientada a describir, contextualizar y esquematizar rasgos de un conjunto de geografías humanas que coexisten en los espacios académicos contemporáneos, a partir de su clasificación con prefijos como “post” y “neo”, y que aunque plantean nuevos abordajes y metodologías, remiten a la tensión siempre presente en las ciencias sociales entre idealismo y materialismo. Para ello, se realizó la consulta de bases de datos de acceso restringido y abierto, y de materiales bibliográficos publicados en línea, así como en bibliotecas especializadas. Se concluye que los discursos “post” se han erigido en una nueva ortodoxia teórica y metodológica, que además de haber impregnado a la geografía humana de un tinte nihilista, ha contribuido también a tensionar los enfoques neomarxistas y a abrir en ellos, nuevos espacios sin dogmatismo, fértiles para la experimentación teórica y política.

Palabras claves: giro cultural, giro espacial, postestructuralismo, marxismo, construccionismo.
Cartografiando algunos de los giros de la geografía humana contemporánea: tensiones y debates entre geografías “post” y geografías “neo”
Authors: Santana Rivas Daniel
Published: February 2018

Resumen

La geografía contemporánea se ha convertido en un fértil campo de reflexión teórica y metodológica que aunque ha diversificado sus temas de investigación –en paralelo a una revalorización científica y social del espacio–, se enfrenta también a nuevas tensiones y una marcada fragmentación. El propósito de la presente revisión es el de ofrecer una cartografía conceptual orientada a describir, contextualizar y esquematizar rasgos de un conjunto de geografías humanas que coexisten en los espacios académicos contemporáneos, a partir de su clasificación con prefijos como “post” y “neo”, y que aunque plantean nuevos abordajes y metodologías, remiten a la tensión siempre presente en las ciencias sociales entre idealismo y materialismo. Para ello, se realizó la consulta de bases de datos de acceso restringido y abierto, y de materiales bibliográficos publicados en línea, así como en bibliotecas especializadas. Se concluye que los discursos “post” se han erigido en una nueva ortodoxia teórica y metodológica, que además de haber impregnado a la geografía humana de un tinte nihilista, ha contribuido también a tensionar los enfoques neomarxistas y a abrir en ellos, nuevos espacios sin dogmatismo, fértiles para la experimentación teórica y política.

Palabras claves: giro cultural, giro espacial, postestructuralismo, marxismo, construccionismo.
El estudiante y la frontera: una aproximación a los imaginarios geográficos en el Norte de Chile
Authors: Rodríguez Alan , Freeman Cordelia
Published: February 2018

Resumen

Se realiza una aproximación al imaginario geográfico trifronterizo en el extremo norte de Chile, desde la perspectiva de niños y jóvenes, comprendiendo la frontera como una construcción tanto social como experiencial. El trabajo aborda el imaginario geográfico a partir de la aplicación de mapas mentales en instituciones educacionales públicas de la región de Arica y Parinacota, utilizándose una metodología semi-cualitativa. Los resultados demuestran que existe una frontera dinámica, que sin embargo recae en una paradoja, dado que en la mayoría de los mapas mentales analizados nos enfrentamos a una frontera-barrera, pero que en el discurso de los informantes se deja ver lo contrario, una frontera-porosa o multi-transterritorial.

Palabras claves: frontera, territorio, cognición, mapas mentales, región de Arica y Parinacota
Mujeres de cuerpos dañados: las temporeras de la fruta en Chile
Authors: Valdés Subercaseaux Ximena
Published: February 2018

No disponible
La visibilidad como opción: Manifestaciones espaciales de lo queer en la ciudad de Santiago
Authors: Fuentealba Matus Fabiola
Published: February 2018

No disponible
Corporalidades transgresoras en los espacios heteronormativos
Authors: Torres Rodríguez Martín Ignacio
Published: February 2018

No disponibles
El territorio de la deliberación curricular: inclusión social y educativa en el espacio escolar
Authors: Campillay Llanos Marisol
Published: February 2018

La inclusión social y educativa es una temática operativa tanto como política de gobierno en las distintas escuelas del país. Es en este contexto que el siguiente artículo expone las tensiones de un equipo de gestión curricular en funciones dentro de una escuela del sector poniente de la Región Metropolitana. Entre ellos se genera una discusión sobre la posibilidad de rescatar los espacios de deliberación en función de las necesidades del colegio y las demandas de la legislación vigente, teniendo al territorio como campo espacial de las contradicciones en el ejercicio de sus funciones. Es en este espacio deliberativo que se generan en reuniones de coordinación académica, las que serán analizadas a partir de las políticas de inclusión que han tensionado a los actores educativos y forzada estandarización promovida por el Estado.

Mediante un diseño metodológico cualitativo, se realiza un estudio comparado de dos espacios de reflexión curricular distintos. La técnica para el examen de este estudio de caso es análisis crítico del discurso y la teoría fundamentada. Finalmente, se reflexiona respecto a las deliberaciones del equipo de gestión curricular, las que no pueden obviar a las evaluaciones externas o políticas de inclusión que prevalecen en la institucionalidad escolar chilena.

Palabras clave: Deliberación, territorio, inclusión, currículum.

 