bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Firms’ life stage and directorship needs: A research agenda
Authors: Água Pedro B. , Correia Anacleto
Published: January 2022

Firms have different governance needs according to their development stage. Therefore, the question of “what is an ideal board of directors” is not the right one, as it depends on several dimensions, as for instance the business specifics, the economic context, alongside the specific firm’s life stage. This extended abstract exposes some models derived from literature on the subject, raising some questions which may help shape an agenda for further research. While the literature on corporate governance has been focusing mostly on matured businesses, or sometimes on some specific dimensions as the specific industry, and business context; a critical dimension seems to have caught less attention from academics, and perhaps practitioners alike — that of the specific governance needs as a function of the firm life stage. Some stereotypes are exposed, and some preliminary ideas for a framework for selecting the right directing structure for the specific life stage are laid down
The weight and role played by listed companies: A discrepancy between statistical and structural indicators
Authors: Biggiero Lucio , Magnuszewski Robert
Published: January 2022

Most studies on ownership structures at industry or geographic level limit the analysis only to listed or public companies. This choice is due to the paucity of data concerning limited liability companies and it is usually justified by the supposition that listed or public companies account for the major part of the economic variables. Through an empirical study on the EU28 aerospace industry, we show that while this justification can (partially) work for the statistical dimension, it definitely lacks support when concerning the structural (network) dimension
Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome: Healthcare Utilization and Referral Patterns Among a Pediatric Cohort
Authors: Pier Jennifer , Bingemann Theresa , Badwal Jasdeep , Rosloff Daniel , Pasha M. Asghar , Wang Hongyue , Jarvinen Kirsi , Lomas Jeanne
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a
non-IgE mediated food allergy characterized by delayed, repetitive
vomiting. FPIES has gained attention over the last few years and is
becoming better recognized; however, there remains a lag in diagnosis.
This study aimed to further explore this lag in diagnosis, as well as
referral patterns and healthcare utilization, to determine areas for
earlier recognition. METHODS: Data was obtained through retrospective
chart reviews of pediatric FPIES patients at two hospital systems in New
York. Charts were reviewed for age of symptom onset, age of diagnosis,
FPIES episodes and healthcare visits prior to diagnosis, and
reason/source of referral to allergy. A cohort of patients with
IgE-mediated food allergy was reviewed for comparison. RESULTS: In
total, 110 patients with FPIES were identified. The median length to
diagnosis was 3 months, compared to 2 months in IgE-mediated food
allergy (p < 0.05). Most referrals were from the pediatrician
(68%) or gastroenterology (28%), none were from the ED. The most
common reason for referral was concern of IgE-mediated allergy (51%),
followed by FPIES (35%). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a lag in
the diagnosis of FPIES and a lack of recognition of FPIES outside of the
allergy community, as only one-third of the patients were considered to
have FPIES prior to an allergy evaluation. Patients with profuse,
repetitive vomiting 1- 4 hours after food ingestion, especially of
common FPIES trigger foods, should be considered for diagnosis of FPIES,
as these encounters provide an opportunity for early recognition.
A nomogram for Antenatal Estimation of Cephalopelvic Disproportion in Primiparous Women based on MRI Measurements
Authors: Chen Cheng , Yang Mengmeng , Zheng Weizeng , Chen Yuan , dong tian , Lv Min , Yang Xiaofu , Xi Fangfang , Jiang Ying , Ying Xia , Li Wen , Xu Jian , zhao baihui , Luo Qiong
Published: January 2022

Objective: To develop and validate a predictive model assessing the risk
of cesarean delivery in primiparous women based on the findings of
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. Design: Observational study
Setting: University teaching hospital. Population: 168 primiparous women
with clinical findings suggestive of cephalopelvic disproportion.
Methods: All women underwent MRI measurements prior to the onset of
labor. A nomogram model to predict the risk of cesarean delivery was
proposed based on the MRI data. The discrimination of the model was
calculated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve
(AUC) and calibration was assessed by calibration plots. The decision
curve analysis was applied to evaluate the net clinical benefit. Main
Outcome Measures: Cesarean delivery. Results: A total of 88 (58.7%)
women achieved vaginal delivery, and 62 (41.3%) required cesarean
section caused by obstructed labor. In multivariable modeling, the
maternal body mass index before delivery, induction of labor, bilateral
femoral head distance, obstetric conjugate, fetal head circumference and
fetal abdominal circumference were significantly associated with the
likelihood of cesarean delivery. The discrimination calculated as the
AUC was 0.845 (95% CI: 0.783-0.908; P < 0.001). The
sensitivity and specificity of the nomogram model were 0.918 and 0.629,
respectively. The model demonstrated satisfactory calibration. Moreover,
the decision curve analysis proved the superior net benefit of the model
compared with each factor included. Conclusion: Our study provides a
nomogram model that can accurately identify primiparous women at risk of
cesarean delivery caused by cephalopelvic disproportion based on the MRI
measurements.
A review of some important viral diseases of wild boars
Authors: Nisavic Jakov , Radalj Andrea , Milic Nenad , Zivulj Aleksandar , Benkovic Damir , Stanojkovic Aleksandar , Prosic Isidora
Published: January 2022

Wild boars are one of the widest-ranging mammals worldwide and represent
reservoirs for many important viruses. Disease outbreaks in domestic swine
are often described as a consequence of contact with wild boars, and
traditional rearing conditions are a particular risk factor. Examples of
such diseases include classical swine fever (CSF), African swine fever
(ASF), Aujeszky?s disease (AD), and diseases caused by porcine circoviruses
and parvoviruses. Some viral infections causing high mortality rates are
easily noticeable and thus reported, though many viruses infecting wildlife
are insidious impacting survival rates and reproduction in wild animals.
Samples from wild boars for laboratory testing are usually collected
postmortem and include various tissues or blood sera. The recovery of viable
viruses during virus isolation depends on the virus species and the
condition of the sample. Since this method does not yield timely results,
most diagnostic procedures are based on PCR or antigen detection methods.
Serological surveys are inexpensive and appropriate for prevalence studies.
When interpreting the results of diagnostic tests, both virus and host
characteristics, and the epizootiological situation must be accounted for.
Disease control techniques such as fencing or feeding wild boars cause
animal aggregation and give rise to population density which favors pathogen
maintenance in the environment. Hunting reduces the number of susceptible
animals and is helpful as an additional control measure and for sampling.
Available data on infectious disease dynamics in wild boars is scarce, and
constant knowledge improvement on pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, risk
factors, and adequate control measures are required.
Some productive and reproductive traits in sheep from the Bulgarian Dairy Synthetic Population (BDSP) and its crosses with Lacaune and Assaf: 2. Phenotypic parameters
Authors: Kalaydzhiev Georgi
Published: January 2022

Bulgarian Dairy Synthetic Population (BDSP) and its crosses with other dairy
breeds are the most numerous sheep population in Bulgaria. There are
significant phenotypic diversities and different levels of productivity. The
aim of the study is to research and characterize the phenotypic parameters
of the main productive and reproductive traits in sheep from the Bulgarian
dairy synthetic population and its crosses with the breeds Lacaune and
Assaf. The study includes a total of 3212 ewes BDSP and their crosses with
Assaf and Lacaune. Studied trait were: milk yield for a standard 120-day
period of I, II and III lactation, biological fertility of the 1st, 2nd and
3rd lambing and the trait - live weight of different age categories. The
software product SYSTST 13 and SPSS - Descripive statistics were used to
conduct the study. With the highest milk yield of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd
lactation were the sheep BDSP x Lacaune - 186.28 l, 194.03 l, 200.56 l,
followed by BDSP x Assaf - 184.27 l, 191.87 l and 198.64 l and those of BDSP
- 134.18 l, 139.48 l and 144.33 l. The average phenotypic values of the
traits live weight at weaning, at 18 months and 2.5 years are close -
respectively in BDSP - 25.21 kg, 60.59 kg and 65.50 kg, for BDSP x Lacaune -
25.17 kg, 60.52 kg, 65.44 kg and for BDSP x Assaf - 25.19 kg, 60.58 kg,
65.67 kg. Fertility indicates the highest average values of the crosses BDSP
with Lacaune from 1.53 to 1.59, followed by BDSP x Assaf from 1.40 to 1.46.
The lowest fertility rate had the ewes from BDSP from 1.22 to 1.25.
Regression tree analysis to predict body weight of South African non-descript goats raised at Syferkuil farm, Capricorn District of South Africa
Authors: Tyasi Thobela , Mkhonto Amanda Tshegofatso , Mathapo Madumetja , Molabe Kagisho
Published: January 2022

Regression tree is the data mining algorithm method which contains a series
of calculations that creates a model from collected data. Present study
aimed to develop model to estimate body weight (BW) from biometric traits
viz. withers height (WH), sternum height (SH), body length (BL), heart girth
(HG) and rump height (RH). A total of eighty-three (n = 83) South African
non-descript indigenous goats ( 54 females and 29 males) aged three months
and above were used in the study. Pearson?s correlations and classification
and regression tree (CART) as statistical techniques were used for data
analysis. Correlation results indicated that there was a positive highly
statistical significant (P < 0.01) correlation between BW and all biometric
traits in both males and females, the positive highly statistical
significant correlation was observed between BW and WH (r = 0.82) in female
goats while in males the highest positive statistical significant
correlation was detected between BW and BL (r = 0.83). CART model indicated
that the BW mean was 29.868 kilograms (kg) as dependent variable and BL had
the highest remarkable role in BW followed by SH, RH while the age had the
least remarkable role in BW. This study suggests that BL, SH and RH might be
used by South African non-descript goats? farmers as a selection criterion
during breeding to improve BW of animal. More completive studies and
experiments need to be done using CART to predict BW in more sample size of
South African nondescript goats or other goat breeds.
Regulatory T cells control Effector T cell Inflammation in Human Prediabetes
Authors: Liu Rui , Pugh Gabriella H. , Tevonian Erin , Thompson Katherine , Lauffenburger Douglas A. , Kern Philip A. , Nikolajczyk Barbara S.
Published: January 2022

A disparate array of plasma/serum markers provide
evidence for chronic inflammation in human prediabetes, a condition that is
most closely replicated by standard mouse models of obesity and meta-flammation.
These remain largely non-actionable, and contrast with our rich understanding
of inflammation in human type 2 diabetes. New data show that inflammatory
profiles produced by CD4+ T cells define human prediabetes as a unique
inflammatory state. Regulatory T cells
(Tregs) control mitochondrial function and cytokine production by CD4+
effector T cells (Teff) in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes by supporting Th17
or Th1 cytokine production, respectively. These data suggest that Treg control
of Teff metabolism controls inflammation differentially in prediabetes compared
to type 2 diabetes. Queries of genes that impact mitochondrial function and/or
pathways leading to transcription of lipid metabolism genes identified the
fatty acid importer CD36 as highly expressed in Tregs but not Teff from
prediabetes subjects. Pharmacological blockade of CD36 in Tregs from
prediabetes subjects decreased Teff production of the Th17 cytokines that
differentiate overall prediabetes inflammation. We conclude Tregs control CD4+
T cell cytokine profiles through mechanisms determined, at least in part, by host
metabolic status. Furthermore, Treg CD36 uniquely promotes Th17 cytokine
production by Teff in prediabetes.
A Virtual Testing Strategy to Determine Macroscopic Properties of Elasto-Plastic Heterogeneous Composite Materials
Authors:   , Ranjbarestalkhjani Mahshid
Published: January 2022

The objective of this work is to determine an e˙ective yield criteria for porous pressure sensitive solids and investigate the anisotropic yield behavior by employing a virtual testing strategy. The work is concerned with the pressure sensitivity typically displayed by geometarials, such as sandstone and composite materials consisting of a series of parallel layers, such as sedimentary rock and underground salt.Virtual testing strategy is based on computational homogenization approach for the definition of the elasto-plastic transition. Representative volume elements (RVEs) containing single-centered and distributed ellipsoidal voids are analyzed using three-dimensional finite element models under both small and finite strains. Yield curves are obtained following a unified variational formulation, which provides bounds on the e˙ective material properties for a given choice of the Representative Volume Element (RVE).In order to estimate the e˙ective properties of porous solid, the constitutive behavior of the continuum matrix is assumed to follow the standard Drucker-Prager elasto-plastic model. The computationally generated e˙ective yield criteria are compared against the recently proposed analytical estimates for Drucker-Prager type solids and the SR4 constitutive model for soft rocks. The developed computational approach is applied to estimate the e˙ective properties of a realistic rock sample. To illustrate a wide range of potential engineering applications, the computationally e˙ective yield surface are also obtained under the explicit finite element method.Finally, based on the simulated yield stress point of composite materials, the pa-rameters for proposed analytical models are acquired with ellipse fit by Taubin’s method.
Correlation of Phenolic Content of Multiflora Honey from Malang and Alastuwo to Activity Antioxidant Using DPPH (2.2-Diphenyl-1-Pickrylhydrazyl)
Authors: Abdul Ahwan
Published: January 2022

Honey contains various compounds that function as antioxidants, one of which is phenolic compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the phenolic content of multiflora honey from Malang and Alastuwo on antioxidant activity using the DPPH method (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Qualitative test of phenolic compounds with FeCl3 color reagent, determination of total phenolic content by UV-Vis spectrophotometry using Folin-Ciocalteu method and antioxidant activity test using DPPH method (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). The results showed that qualitatively Malang and Alastuwo honey contained phenolic compounds. The total phenolic content of Alastuwo honey was 0.0278 ± 0.0010 mg GAE/g and Malang honey was 0.0301 ± 0.0004 mg GAE/g. The results of the antioxidant activity test showed that Alastuwo honey had weak antioxidant activity (IC50 of 393.37 ± 10.28 ppm), Malang honey had moderate antioxidant activity (IC50 of 217.20 ± 6.61 ppm) and vitamin C had strong antioxidant activity. (IC50 is 2.22 ± 0.19 ppm). The total phenolic content of Alastuwo and Malang honey correlates with its antioxidant activity.
Antioxidant Activity of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus l.) Ethanolic Extract with DPPH Method and Determination of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Levels
Authors: Salwa Salwa
Published: January 2022

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is believed to have antioxidant properties. Currently, there are many studies examining compounds that have benefits as antioxidants and are safe for health. However, the sunflower only examined the antioxidants in sunflower seeds. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of flowers, bark, and leaves of sunflowers. The antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method showed the highest antioxidant activity was found in the leaf extract (Helianthus annuus L.) with an IC50 value of 48.841 ppm. The highest phenolic content was found in leaf samples with a value of 35.149 mg gallic acid equivalent/gram extract and the highest determination of flavonoid levels was found in leaf samples with a value of 10.917 mg quercetin equivalent/gram extract.
Primary Actinomycosis of the Leg: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Alabdalaaly Dr. Norah Ibrahim , Albahli Dr. Mashael Suliman , Almutairi Dr. Ayed Ibrahim
Published: January 2022

Actinomycosis is an indolent, slowly progressive, suppurative infection caused by gram-positive branching bacteria of the genus Actinomyces. The disease actinomycosis most commonly occurs in 3 body regions: cervicofacial (55% of patients), abdominopelvic (20%), and pulmonothoracic (15%). Primary infection of an extremity is an uncommon feature of actinomycosis. We present a case of rare primary Actinomycosis of the lower extremity.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Osteoporosis Risk Factors among Jazan University Students, 2019
Authors: Khired Zenat A. , AlHulaibi Manal , Alhazmi Alhasan , Durayb Amjad , Mushari Rawiah , Mahzari Sarah , Kilani Wafa , Jawhari Amani , Alhazmi Rawan , M. H. Elmahdy
Published: January 2022

Osteoporosis is one of the non-communicable diseases that closely links to lifestyle and nutrition. This is a cross-sectional descriptive epidemiologic study, carried out on 440 Jazan university students (males& females). They are chosen by a stratified multistage cluster sampling technique to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) about osteoporosis risk factors. The data are collected using a validated semi structured Arabic questionnaires.
The findings revealed that almost all survey participants agreed with the definition of osteoporosis, which is the decrease of bone density, with only 8.7% disagreeing. Furthermore, 80.0 percent of survey participants classified osteoporosis as a cause of bone fracture.
The findings suggest that the study participants' good attitudes toward risk factor prevention of osteoporosis are linked to the daily consumption of an acceptable amount of milk. Another positive attitude toward osteoporosis prevention stemmed from a reduction in the amount of energy drinks consumed, which has been identified as an osteoporosis risk factor. The study recommends that university students of all grades participate in health education programs about osteoporosis risk factors and preventive treatment.
Adaptation of Cardinal Points Symmetry Landmarks Distribution Model to in-vivo B-Mode Ultrasound Images of Transverse Cross-section of Carotid Arteries
Authors: Udekwe Charles Nnamdi , Ponnle Akinlolu Adediran
Published: January 2022

The geometry of the imaged transverse cross-section of carotid arteries in in-vivo B-mode ultrasound images are most times irregular, unsymmetrical, full of speckles and usually non-uniform. We had earlier developed a technique of cardinal point symmetry landmark distribution model (CPS-LDM) to completely characterize the Region of Interest (ROI) of the geometric shape of thick-walled simulated B-mode ultrasound images of carotid artery imaged in the transverse plane, but this was based on the symmetric property of the image. In this paper, this developed technique was applied to completely characterize the region of interest of the geometric shape of in-vivo B-mode ultrasound images of non-uniform carotid artery imaged in the transverse plane. In order to adapt the CPS-LD Model to the in-vivo carotid artery images, the single VS-VS vertical symmetry line common to the four ROIs of the symmetric image is replaced with each ROI having its own VS-VS vertical symmetry line. This adjustment enables the in-vivo carotid artery images possess symmetric properties, hence, ensuring that all mathematical operations of the CPS-LD Model are conveniently applied to them. This adaptability was observed to work well in segmenting the in-vivo carotid artery images. This paper shows the adaptive ability of the developed CPS-LD Model to successfully annotate and segment in-vivo B-mode ultrasound images of carotid arteries in the transverse cross-sectional plane either they are symmetrical or unsymmetrical.
IoT Based Non–Technical Loss Detection and Mitigation System for Power Distribution Networks
Authors: Eronu Emmanuel M. , Oboh Matthew O. , Ezeh Emeka S. , Tiamiyu Gafar , Shaibu Farouq E.
Published: January 2022

Electrical Energy crisis is a major problem faced in the world today and it’s increasingly significant in this part of Africa. A perfect solution seems not to be feasible as several solutions have been proposed in the past by various authors with little impact on the power sector. In this work, we present a method of Non-Technical Loss (NTL) detection consisting of a microcontroller interfaced with a current sensor that measures the current on the power line. A sensor node is placed at the supply end of the pole while two or more others sensor nodes are connected to the output of the pole depending on the number of consumers. The measured value of current is sent via the microcontroller to a web cloud that is accessible by the consumers and the utility company from any part of the world by simply logging on to the website; www.electricity-theft.herokuapp.com. The design uses the principle of Kirchhoff Current Law (KCL) to achieve this aim. The consumers can therefore monitor their power consumption from any location in the world and prevent theft on the network. The results obtained from the installation of the sensor nodes were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis. A correlation analysis of the data results gave us a correlation coefficient of 0.9802, while a regression analysis provided us with a linear relationship between the dependent and independent variable expressed mathematically thus Y = 0.916x + 0.254. A regression graph is also plotted. Furthermore, a T-Test and F-Test was conducted to statistically test the sensor nodes. A NodeMCU Wi-Fi microcontroller and a self-powered Phidget current sensor is used for the sensor node design. Communication between the sensor nodes is via Wi-Fi while a 4G router was used to provide internet services.
Quality Improvement of Eutrophic Environments Degraded by Organic Matter, in Experiences Conducted in Sea-Water Microcosms
Authors: Lenzi M. , Leopatti Persiano M. , Ciarapica M.
Published: January 2022

An experience in seawater microcosms was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the zeolite chabazite (CHA) in the mitigation of water eutrophication produced by sediments with high organic load. The experience was conducted in microcosms with addition and in the absence of effective microorganisms (EM). In the absence of EM, the ammonium abatement by CHA compared to the controls without CHA, was elevated only in the first week, while with the addition of EM, the abatement occurred for the entire experience (one month), although gradually reducing, as ammonia releases increased over time. Ammonium releases were 1.4 to 2.3 times lower in CHA microcosms compared to CHA-free controls and, among those in which CHA was present, they were lower in the presence of EM. Soluble orthophosphates also showed a reduction in microcosms with CHA, compared to the control microcosms, with a more marked results in the absence of EM, probably due to the formation of insoluble salts.
The Effect of Leadership Style on Employee Retention at Ayodya Resort Bali with Non-Physical Work Environment as Moderating Variable
Authors: Dwipayana I. G. B. Krisna , Suwandana I. Gusti Made
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of leadership style, work environment on employee retention with non-physical work environment as a moderating variable. The research design used is associative. The research was conducted at Ayodya Resort Bali. The population of this study was 501 employees with 84 employees as samples. The sample selection technique is proportional stratified. The data collection method used is Observation, Interview, Questionnaire and analyzed by Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results show that leadership style has a positive and significant effect on employee retention, the better the leadership style applied by the company, the employee's desire to remain in the company will also increase. The non-physical work environment strengthens the influence of leadership style on employee retention, the better the leadership style supported by a good non-physical work environment, the employee's desire to remain in the company will increase. Companies must always pay attention to the relationship between employees and the relationship between employees and superiors so that they continue to run well and harmoniously.
Employment Creation through Credit: A Glimpse from Credit Program for Ultra-poor Households in Bangladesh
Authors: Khaleque Md. Abdul , Hasan Mehadi , Muneer Farah
Published: January 2022

This paper examined the impact on employment of a credit plus program designed for ultra-poor households in the Northwest region of Bangladesh. Both descriptive and econometric techniques were used, and four regression models were estimated for each of the dependent variables with linear and log-lin specifications: one is a simple model considering only time effect and program effect, and the others were the extended models which included various characteristics of the households and the regions. The descriptive analysis showed that most of the beneficiary households had shifted from single earning members to multiple earning members. Women had started to contribute to household earnings. The results showed that the participant ultra-poor households had gained around 21.1% additional employment days due to the program participation opportunities within 2008-2013, with an annual rate of 4.2% gain. The extra earning days included wage-employment days and self-employment days and the results showed that due to the program, the wage-employment days had increased by 2.6% annually and the self-employment days increased by 6.6% annually holding the effects of other explanatory variables constant. The working days of non-participants had increased but at a lower rate than that of the program participant households. The results confirmed that the credit program for ultra-poor households had a significantly positive effect on the creation of employment days and employment opportunities.
The Effect of Intangible Asset, Capacity of Financial Resource and Regulation. Evidence from Financial Performance of Small Business Firms
Authors: Opu Nur Vita , Mahfudnurnajamuddin . , Dewi Ratna , Mapparenta .
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the effect of intangible assets, financial resources, and regulations on the financial performance of small businesses firms in Balikpapan. The development of Balikpapan City with many national and international events has led to the development of the small business sector in this city. This informal sector is a form of business that really helps the family economy. The research samples were 80 units of small businesses. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires and techniques to examine hypotheses it was used descriptive analysis and regression analysis using SPSS 24. The results show that intangible assets and regulations affect financial performance while financial resources have no effect on financial performance.
Determinants of Banks Profitability: Case of Vietnam Listed Commercial Banks
Authors: Do Linh Nguyen Linh , Le Lieu Hong , Le Dan Nguyen Linh
Published: January 2022

The authors aim at investigating factors impacting the profitability of Vietnamese Listed Commercial Banks during the period of 2011–2020. Through the Panel Tobit model, the study figured out that the CIR (Cost to Income) has the inverse relationship with the profitability while LDR (Loans to Deposits) positively correlates to the profitability. Based on findings, some recommendations were proposed to enhance the profitability of Vietnamese Commercial Banks in the future.
The State of Cybersecurity in Smart Manufacturing Systems: A Systematic Review
Authors: Junior Armando Araújo de Souza , Pio José Luiz de Souza , Fonseca Jó Cunha , De Oliveira Marcelo Albuquerque , Valadares Otávio Cesar de Paiva , Da Silva Pedro Henrique Souza
Published: January 2022

With the advent of the so-called 4th Industrial Revolution, personified in the globally commented Industry 4.0, there is a change in progress in manufacturing systems, provided by the development of communication and information technologies, adding an intelligence component in manufacturing plants, through the possibility connectivity and interaction throughout the production chain (intelligent manufacturing systems or cyber-physical systems). However, this new paradigm has an extremely sensitive component, which is the question of the security of the data that is transferred and of the production processes itself. Due to this premise, this article proposed to bring, through a systematic literature review, research about the academic works related to security in these new manufacturing structures (smart manufacturing systems), analyzing which strategies, methodologies, techniques, and technologies have currently used to learn about their vulnerabilities and mitigate possible attacks.
Economizing Behavior During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Genoveva Genoveva , Syahrivar Jhanghiz , Sonny Sonny
Published: January 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic that has been going on in Indonesia for more than a year has had a major impact on the Indonesian economy. This condition makes consumers make various savings, namely strategies to save money. Consumer behavior related to savings is interesting to study because it is influenced by customer confidence, product involvement and social factors. The approach in this study is quantitative by analyzing the phenomena that occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic. Non-probability sampling will be used in this study with 305 respondents, but valid data to be processed amounted to 291 respondents. The questionnaire was distributed online using a google form. The data is processed using SEM via Amos. The results showed that consumer trust, product involvement influence social factors. While social factors affect the economy during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, customer confidence does not affect economizing behavior. We conclude that consumer trust and product involvement of young people (generation Z and millennials) tend to be influenced by peers, family, and people around them (social factors), including economizing behavior. Meanwhile, during the COVID-19 pandemic, this does not reduce economizing behavior among the younger generation (generation Z and millennials) in Indonesia.
A Dynamic Technique of Oral Rehabilization Using Fixed Prosthesis and CSC Telescopic Denture for Severe Advanced Periodontitis with Secondary Occlusal Traumatism – A Long-term Case Report
Authors: Hou Guey-Lin
Published: January 2022

Clinical reports of many literatures had documented that meticulous non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) and combined with periodontal prosthesis application might not only improve periodontal parameters, but also provide effective reduction of microbiological organisms associated with periodontal pathogen.

A 54-year old female individual visited with chief complains of gingival bleeding and mobile teeth, and recurrent periodontal abscess over # 13, # 11, # 21, and # 22. Periapical radiographs disclosed moderate periodontal bone loss on the total remained teeth of maxilla and mandible arches. A diagnosis of generalized severe advanced periodontitis (SAP) with secondary occlusal traumatism (SOT) was established. This present case was to document the treatment of a 6 years longitudinally retrospective evaluation of case affected SAP with SOT using treatment of the combination of periodontal and perio-prosthetic design. Results showed that the remarkable improvement of periodontal tissues, reconstruction of posterior bite occlusion and recovery of esthetic appearance.

It can be concluded that the Sandwich’s technique in treating patients affected SAP with SOT is an effective and valuable option.
Dental Management of Generalised Developmental Defect of Enamel in A Child with Global Developmental Delay
Authors: Sockalingam S. N. M. P. , Noor H. M.
Published: January 2022

Development Defect of Enamel (DDE) although not common, can bring about serious sequelae and needs immediate action. If we leave the teeth untreated, many complications such as poor dental aesthetics, chipping of teeth and dental pain often set in. These complications are further aggravated if the patient has any coexisting medical issues, such as Global Developmental Delay (GDD). Children with GDD often exhibit poor oral health with an abundance of plaque that leads to caries and periodontal disease progression because of poor motor and cognitive development. Many of them also exhibit negative behaviour toward dental treatment. This case describes the dental care for a Global Developmental Delay (GDD) child with sporadic generalised Development Defect of Enamel (DDE). The case management touches on the appropriate behaviour guidance strategies used to aid the child’s unfavourable behaviour towards treatment and the restorative treatment performed to preserve the structural durability of the affected teeth in a general dental setting.
Artificial Neural Network Context-Aware Reasoning Engine Model for Predicting User-Ranked Activities
Authors: Opoku Samuel King
Published: January 2022

The choice of users’ activity in a context-aware environment depends on users’ preferences and background. Users tend to rank concurrent activities and select their preferred activity. Researchers and developers of context-aware applications have sought various mechanisms to implement context reasoning engines. Recent implementations use Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and other machine learning techniques to develop a context-aware reasoning engine to predict users’ activities. However, the complexities of these mechanisms overwhelm the processing capabilities and storage capacity of mobile devices. The study models a context-aware reasoning engine using a multi-layered perceptron with a gradient descent back-propagation algorithm to predict activity from user-ranked activities using a stochastic learning mode with a constant learning rate. The work deduced that working with specific rules in training a neural network is not always applicable. Training a network without approximation of neuron’s output to the nearest whole number increases the accuracy level of the network at the end of the training.
Modeling of SCIG-Based Variable Speed Wind Turbine in Power Factor Control Mode for Load Flow Analysis
Authors: Gianto Rudy , Elbani Ade
Published: January 2022

As they are more efficient in extracting wind energy, variable speed wind power plants (WPPs) are currently replacing the fixed speed WPPs. One possible way to achieve a variable speed WPP is by using a squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG) with full-scale power electronic converter (PEC). In fact, as its cost is relatively lower, the application of SCIG-based variable speed WPP is gaining popularity nowadays. To be able to perform proper analyses (including the load flow analysis) of an electric power system, valid and accurate modeling of the system components is very important. This paper discusses the steady state model of SCIG-based variable speed WPP in power factor control mode for a load flow analysis of an electric power distribution system. The model was developed based on formulas that calculate the turbine mechanical power input and WPP electrical power output. Integration of the proposed model in load flow analysis is also discussed and presented in this paper.
Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Total Suspended Sediment, Total Dissolved Solids and Turbidity of a Lacustrine Reservoir in the Magoye Catchment, Southern Zambia
Authors: Muchanga Manoah , Sichingabula Henry M.
Published: January 2022

Dissolved and suspended sediment that form part of the Total Sediment Load (TSL) affects the quality of water making it unsuitable for selected aquatic invertebrates and livestock. The study aimed at determining spatial and seasonal dynamics in the concentration levels and distribution of selected physical parameters in a small lacustrine system whose main problem was punctuated by rapid deposition of clastic and none-clastic sediment. Water sampling was done during the rainy and cool-dry seasons across the reservoir using sampling bottles and DGPS. Laboratory analysis was done to determine variations in concentration levels of the parameters over time and space. Distributions of selected parameters across the reservoir were analysed using 3D Spatial Analysts Tool, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) in ArcGIS 10.2. Using paired T-Test at 0.05 level of significance, the study found statistically significant differences (p<0.001) in the concentration of TDS, TSS, and turbidity between the rainy season and cool-dry season. With exception of TDS, TSS and turbidity were higher in the rainy season than in the cool-dry season. Rainfall was the main control variable regarding seasonality influence on TDS, TSS, and turbidity. The study concluded that although lacustrine reservoirs may be closed systems, they still experience variations spatially and temporally in terms of concentration of TDS, TSS and turbidity. The study recommends implementation of integrated catchment-wide management of anthropogenic activities so as to minimize excess generation, transportation and deposition of sediment, which punctuate elevated levels of TDS, TSS and turbidity.
Prevalence and Predictors of Adverse Reactions to COVID-19 AstraZeneca Vaccine among Healthcare Staff of General Hospital Ilorin, North-Central, Nigeria
Authors: Ademola Christy O. , Yusuf Adebayo R. , Obalowu Ismail A. , Mohammed Abdulkadir
Published: January 2022

Background: Vaccines are crucial for an effective global pandemic response. Despite the proven efficacy and safety of the COVID-19 AstraZeneca vaccine by the World Health Organization, some adverse effects have been reported.
Aim: This was to determine the prevalence of adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccine among the healthcare workers, to assess the time of onset of symptoms after vaccination, to determine the total duration of persistent of symptoms after vaccination among respondents and to determine the socio-demographic and clinical predictors of adverse reactions among the participants.
Materials and Method: This study was a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study, and it was conducted at the General Hospital Ilorin (GHI), Kwara State. The study population consists of 121 health workers at GHI who received the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Interviewers’ administered questionnaires were used to obtain socio-demographic and some clinical information from the participants. Clinical measurements were done using weighing scale, stadiometer, stethoscope, and sphygmomanometer.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 39.5±8.9. The most commonly reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among the participants were site tenderness (51.2%), site pain (51.2%), fatigue (25.6%), and myalgia (24%). There was no report of blood clotting problems among them (0%). The majority of the ADRs started within 30 minutes to about 24 hours after the respondents received their COVID-19 vaccine jabs except for arthralgia which developed after 24 hours in the majority of the respondents who had it (61.5%). Most of the ADRs resolved completely within 24 hours to 72 hours except for chills that lasted for less than 24 hours among the majority of the participants who had it (53.3%), and also myalgia that lasted for more than 72 hours among the highest percentage of participants who reported having it (41.4%). The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis revealed no statistically significant predictors for the reactions (All reported P-values for all the regression coefficients were greater than 0.05).
Conclusion: This study reported the prevalence, time of onset and duration of ARs to the first dose of AstraZeneca vaccine among health workers in Ilorin. The prevalence and pattern of the ARs reported is similar to those from other countries and continents. No report of severe anaphylactic reactions or blood clotting problems among the respondents. The time of onset and duration of most ARs were between 30 minutes to 24 hours, and less than 3 days respectively. The study also reported that no socio-demographic or clinical factors studied could significantly predict the occurrence of ARs among the participants.
Normal Chest X-Ray in Patients with Pulmonary Embolism May Involve Increased Risk of Massive Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Kilic Hatice , Hezer Habibe , Ozturk Berker , Besler Muhammed Sait , Cetin Huseyin , Hasanoglu Hatice Canan , Karalezli Aysegul
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Chest radiography is normal in approximately 20-40% of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) patients without cardiopulmonary disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is any difference between the patients with normal chest X-ray and those with pathological findings in terms of clinical severity and prognosis.

Methods: 178 of PE patients were included in the study. 110 patients had no parenchymal pathology, whereas group 1 (n = 110); group 2 (n = 68) had various pathological parenchymal findings in 68 patients. Clinical and radiological parameters were compared between these groups. Following the diagnosis of PE, the cases were recorded in the fifth year.

Results: In 178 participants; those with normal chest X-ray (group 1), with parenchymal pathological findings on the chest X-ray (group 2); echocardiographic systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) (p = 0.68), gender (p = 0.9) and thrombus type (p = 0.41) were similar.

The patients in group 1 were not different in terms of central thrombus detected in computed tomography pulmonary angiogram compared to the patients in group 2; however, the chest radiograph of the patients in group 1 had no parenchymal pathology. Central thrombus group 1, group 2, respectively; 97 (89.0%), 53 (77.9%), p = 0.07.

There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of mortality which was followed up in fifth year (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: Normal chest X-ray in PE can determine mortality and may involve increased risk of massive PE.
A Surgical Approach to Giant Cell Tumor of Lower End of Tibia with Curettage and Reconstruction by Bone Grafting Harvested from Left Iliac Crest and K-wire Fixation: A Case Report
Authors: Tripathy Pravakar , Bansal Mahesh Chand , Upadhyay Rahul
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Giant cell tumor (GCT) is a distinctive lesion characterized by the proliferation of multinucleate giant cells in a stroma of mononuclear cells; it is generally seen in skeletally mature individuals. GCT is usually found in the long bones around the knee or in the distal radius but distal end of tibia, proximal humerus, vertebrae of young adults are unusual location. We report a case of GCT of the  distal end of tibia, with a secondary aneurysmal bone cyst, in a 26-year-old female. Based on our review of the medical literature, it appears that the occurrence of a GCT along with a secondary aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) in distal end of tibia  is  less typical with challenging task for full tumor resection and restoration of ankle function to normal.
Case Summary: 26 year old female presented with pain&swelling over left ankle since last six month. Biopsy was suggestive of GCT with ABC of lower third tibia. We managed this case with intralesional curettage using phenol and burr and bone graft harvested from left iliac crest for reconstruction of defect along with kwire fixation to achieve optimum anatomical restoration.
Conclusion:  In cases of GCT, the management depends upon the various factors such as site, age, involvement of the bone, extent of bone involvement and whether there is articular involvement or not. Here Intra-articular GCT is managed with extended intralesional curettage with phenol. Bone graft plays a role of  agent for reconstruction of the defect and kwire for anatomical reduction.
Second Harmonic Generation in Lithiated Silicon Nanowires: Derivations and Computational Methods
Authors: Boone Donald C.
Published: January 2022

This research will examine the computational methods to calculate the nonlinear optical process of second harmonic generation (SHG) that will be hypothesized to be present during lithium ion insertion into silicon nanowires. First it will be determined whether the medium in which SHG is conveyed is non-centrosymmetric or whether the medium is inversion symmetric where SHG as a part of the second-order nonlinear optical phenomenon does not exist. It will be demonstrated that the main interaction that determines SHG is multiphoton absorption on lithium ions. The quantum harmonic oscillator (QHO) is used as the background that generates coherent states for electrons and photons that transverse the length of the silicon nanowire. The matrix elements of the Hamiltonian which represents the energy of the system will be used to calculate the probability density of second-order nonlinear optical interactions which includes collectively SHG, sum-frequency generation (SFG) and difference-frequency generation (DFG). As a result, it will be seen that at varies concentrations of lithium ions (Li+) within the crystallized silicon (c-Si) matrix the second-order nonlinear optical process has probabilities substantial enough to create second harmonic generation that could possibly be used for such applications as second harmonic imaging microscopy.
Measurements of the Planck Length from a Ball Clock without Knowledge of Newton’s Gravitational Constant G or the Planck Constant
Authors: Haug Espen Gaarder
Published: January 2022

We demonstrate how one can extract the Planck length from ball with a built-in stopwatch without knowledge of the Newtonian gravitational constant or the Planck constant. This could be of great importance since until recently it has been assumed the Planck length not can be found without knowledge of Newton’s gravitational constant. This method of measuring the Planck length should also be of great interest to not only physics researchers but also to physics teachers and students as it conveniently demonstrates that the Plank length is directly linked to gravitational phenomena, not only theoretically, but practically. To demonstrate that this is more than a theory we report 100 measurements of the Planck length using this simple approach. We will claim that, despite the mathematical and experimental simplicity, our findings could be of great importance in better understanding the Planck scale, as our findings strongly support the idea that to detect gravity is to detect the effects from the Planck scale indirectly.