bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suicide attempt and its associated factors in young women with adolescent pregnancy in Bangladesh: higher risk if shorter post-pregnancy
Authors: Li Jie , Imam Syeda Zerin , Jing Zhengyue , Wang Yi , Zhou Chengchao
Published: November 2020

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a major public health problem around the world, with higher prevalence in low income countries and it was a risk factor for suicide. We aimed to assess the prevalence of suicide attempts among young women with adolescent pregnancy in Bangladesh and to explore its association with socio-demographics and pregnancy related factors, health status, and social support.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed young women with adolescent pregnancy in urban and rural areas in Bangladesh to assess suicide attempts, socio-demographic and pregnancy-related characteristics, perceived health status, and perceived social support. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship of the potential related factors with suicide attempts.Results: Among the participating women, 6.5% (61/940) reported suicide attempts in the last 12 months, and majority (88.5%) of the attempts happened within one year after the pregnancy. Participants with more years after first pregnancy (odds ratio (OR) = 0.49, 95%CI = 0.38–0.63) and more perceived social support from friends (OR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.57–0.88) were less likely to have suicide attempts, and those perceived bad health status compared with good/fair healthy status (OR = 7.73, 95%CI = 2.85–20.99) were more likely to attempt suicide.Conclusions: Women with adolescent pregnancy were at high risk of suicide attempt especially those during the first year post-pregnancy. The risk of suicide attempts attenuated with the time after pregnancy, and perceived social support from friends was a protective factor and perceived bad health status was a risk factor for suicide attempts among young women who have experienced adolescent pregnancy.
Hedging with commodity futures: evidence from the coffee market in Vietnam
Authors: Thị Nhung Nguyễn , Nhu Ngan Nguyen , Thi Hong Tran , Dinh Cuong Nguyen
Published: November 2020

In July 2018, the Vietnam Commodity Exchange (VNX) was transferred into the Mercantile Exchange of Vietnam (MXV) to hedge price risks through futures on international commodity exchanges. This research aimed to verify the efficiency of futures on ICE EU and ICE US under the perspective of hedging for Vietnamese coffee, determine optimal hedging ratios and the optimal number of each futures contract, and investigate the feasibility of introducing domestic commodity exchanges in Vietnam. Using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), the results show that (1) Robusta futures with expiration dates of January, March, May, and July on ICE EU are efficient hedging tools, but the adverse result is justified for Arabica futures on ICE US; (2) Robusta futures with the expiration date of January are the best in terms of risk management for Vietnamese coffee market; (3) optimal hedge ratio of Robusta futures of around 34% is much lower than ratios showed by previous researches; (4) in the short term, introducing coffee futures into the domestic commodity exchanges is still not feasible in the short term, but should be considered in the long term in Vietnam. This is the first study providing empirical evidence about the hedging role of futures contracts on ICE EU and ICE US, contributing to enrich the existing empirical evidence on the hedging role of futures for the agricultural sector.
ESCALONAMENTO DE TECNOLOGIAS: DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PRODUTO E PROCESSO DO LABORATÓRIO À ESCALA PILOTO CONECTADO AO MERCADO (PARTE 1)
Authors: Vasconcellos Elimar , Souza Priscila , Franco Marcella , Castro Vinícius , Souza Lorena , Lago Rochel , Speziali Marcelo
Published: November 2020

TECHNOLOGY SCALE UP: PROCESS DEVELOPMENT FROM THE LABORATORY TO PILOT SCALE CONNECTED TO MARKET (PART 1). In this article, it is described the main aspects to be considered during the process of scaling up hard sciences technologies developed in the Science and Technology Institutes aiming at industrial application. Based on the experience of our group in scaling up, pre-acceleration, and acceleration of different technologies, a methodology was developed and divided into four main stages: Step 1, which involves basic research, Step 2 with a focus on product development, and Step 3 with a focus on process development, all on the laboratory scale and the last one, Step 4 focused on pilot plant development. The most important aspect of this article is to show that many critical questions can be answered even in the laboratory phase. In this way, the risks of Step 4 are minimized. Step 4 is a complicated, lengthy, and expensive process of construction and operation of a pilot plant. Aspects such as proof of concept, technical and economic feasibility studies, minimum viable product, capital expenditures, and operating expenses of pilot plants are approached in a simplified way to serve as a basis for researchers who wants to know the long path to be followed by technology before reaching the industry, consequently the market.
Structural damage assessment using a transmissibility based quantitative parameter
Authors: Jadhav Prakash , Cyriac Febin
Published: November 2020

Sensing, gaging and locating the structural damage inside the wooden wall structure using vibration response is a proven technology and many research articles are published in this thematic area. The damage detection is usually carried out by monitoring and assessing damage-sensitive parameters such as resonant frequencies and operating deflection shapes. However, in this article we propose a novel methodology based on FRF curvature and transmissibility based on the vibration response data as a quantitative parameter to detect and locate damage inside a wall structure. Mock damage was created in one of the structural wooden partition wall of a specially built room and its vibration response was measured. Damage-sensitive factors were taken out from the frequency response data and applied for gaging the damage quantitatively. For locating the damage region, quantitative parameters method, i.e. broadband FRF curvature and transmissibility methods were utilized. These techniques if commercialized, can save billions of dollars in pest control.
Distributed vibration control for large-scale flexible space structure improved by fuzzy logic system
Authors: Wang Xiang , Wang Xiaoyu , Chai Hongyou
Published: November 2020

To deal with the problem of vibration control for large-scale flexible space structure, an detailed distributed vibration control scheme with the switch control method and PD control method improved by fuzzy logic system is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the dynamic model, the actuator model and the multi-subsystem model of a large-scale flexible space structure are established. Then, a distributed control scheme is designed, which installs multiple groups of piezoelectric actuators on the support truss. The traditional methods and the improved method based on fuzzy logic system are discussed. Through ADAMS-MATLAB co-simulation platform, the effectiveness of the distributed control to suppress the vibration of large-scale flexible space structure in both Y and Z directions is verified. The simulation results show that the control precision by the improved method based on fuzzy logic system is better than traditional methods, and the control spillover is not easy to be caused.
A magneto-rheological damper for on-site machining vibration control: from design to experimental characterization of its performance
Authors: Langrand Christopher , Albert Antoine , Masset Maxime
Published: November 2020

On-site machining is a specific domain where damaging vibrations can be generated by the dynamic interaction between the tool and the workpiece. These vibrations are often the cause of the degradation of the machined part and the cutting tool. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress and/or control this phenomenon. For this purpose, the design of the magnetorheological damper, which can be used for the semi-active control of the on-site machining vibrations, is presented in this paper. Then, we investigate experimentally the efficiency of our conception through tests with a light milling portable machine frequently used by on-site machining. The results of the experiments show a reduction in vibrations of 20 % and 40 % at low frequency and high frequency, respectively. It is highlighted that the magnetorheological damper has good effect on on-site machining process.
An initial acousto-ultrasonic experimental investigation of defects in composite specimens used in the transportation domain
Authors: Tsenis Theocharis , Spyrou Evangelos D. , Kappatos Vassilios
Published: November 2020

Recently, the transport industry has been substituting metal with composite parts due to their properties, such as increased strength, stiffness and lightweightness. Inspection and monitoring are very important tools that detect, identify and measure occurred damage or deterioration state of transport means and infrastructure. Acousto-ultrasonics is an non-destructive testing technique, which is essentially a combination of acoustic emission methodology with ultrasonic simulation of stress waves to assess defect states in certain materials. In this paper, we perform initial experiments with composite specimens, attempting to detect defects. In particular, the attenuation of simulated acoustic emission events are measured in order to further investigate the phenomenon of edge reflections from small composite specimens. Furthermore, the detection of two different types of defects is shown using only two features extracted from the signal.
Upstream-downstream linkages in Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna basin: the hydro-social imperatives
Authors: Pandey Avash , Prakash Anjal , Barua Anamika , Abu Syed Md. , Nepal Santosh
Published: November 2020

To manage the transboundary water resources of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) River Basin, it is important to identify and understand the complex upstream-downstream linkages in the basin. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of social, economic and cultural processes of the GBM Basin and examines existing mechanisms for governing the shared water resources. It draws attention to the uneven power relations between countries that share the basin and how it affects transboundary water governance. The review concludes that the countries need to strengthen cooperation and harness benefits arising from economic, social, and cultural aspects and proposes multilateral cooperation over the existing bilateral cooperation approach in the region.
The Impact of a New Best Practice Advisory on the Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Alawneh Diala , Younis Moustafa , Hamarshi Majdi S.
Published: November 2020

Background:

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, diabetic ketoacidosis
(DKA) hospitalization rates have been steadily increasing. Due to the increasing incidence
and the economic impact associated with its morbidity and treatment, effective management
is key. We aimed to streamline the management of DKA in our intensive care units (ICU) by implementing
a Best-Practice Advisory (BPA) that notifies providers when DKA has resolved.

Methods:

A BPA was implemented on 9/15/2018. We conducted a retrospective review of patients
admitted to the ICU with DKA a year before and after 9/15/2018. Adults (≥18 age) meeting DKA
criteria on admission and treated with continuous insulin infusion (CII) were included. Pre-intervention
group included patients admitted before BPA implementation and post-intervention group included
patients admitted after. Summary and univariate analyses were performed.

Results:

A total of 282 patients were included; 162 (57%) pre-intervention and 120 (43%) post-intervention.
Mean (±SD) age of the patients was 44 (±17) years. There was no significant difference
in baseline characteristics such as age, sex, race, BMI, HbA1c, initial blood glucose, anion gap or
bicarbonate concentration between both the groups (p>0.05). Mean (±SD) total time on CII in
hours was significantly lower in the post-intervention group 14.8 (±7.7) vs. 17.5 (±14.3) p=0.041,
95% CI: 0.11-5.3. The incidence of hypoglycemia was lower in the post-intervention group n=4
(3%) vs. 17 (10%), p=0.024. There was no significant difference in hypokalemia, mortality, LOS
or ICU stay between both the groups (p>0.05).

Conclusions:

The BPA introduced in our DKA management algorithm successfully reduced the total
time on insulin and the incidence of hypoglycemia.
Cardiovascular Manifestations of COVID-19
Authors: Nandy Sneha , Wan Siu-Hin , Brenes-Salazar Jorge
Published: November 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first emerged in a group of patients who presented
with severe pneumonia in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. A novel virus, now called SARSCoV-
2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2), was isolated from lower respiratory
tract samples. The current outbreak of infection has spread to over 100 countries and killed more
than 340,000 people as of 25th May, 2020.
The predominant clinical manifestation of COVID-19 is a respiratory disease- ranging from mild
flu-like symptoms to fulminant pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Patients
with pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors are considered more susceptible to the virus, and
these conditions are often worsened by the infection. Furthermore, COVID-19 infection has led to
de novo cardiac complications, like acute myocardial injury and arrhythmias.
In this review, we have focused on the cardiovascular manifestations of COVID-19 infection that
have been reported in the literature so far. We have also outlined the effect of pre-existing cardiovascular
disease as well as risk factors on the clinical course and outcomes of COVID-19 infection.
La importancia comercial de los musgos en el estado de Tlaxcala, México
Authors: Acatitla Pluma Oscar , Villamil Carrera Cora , Martínez y Pérez José Luis
Published: November 2020

Los musgos son un recurso forestal no maderable de importancia económica en el centro de México durante la temporada navideña. Sin embargo, en el estado de Tlaxcala no existe información del origen, la cantidad recolectada y las especies con importancia comercial durante esta época. Por tal motivo, se analizó la información de los permisos para explotación comercial del 2005 al 2008 de la Secretaría de Medioambiente y Recursos Naturales-Tlaxcala y se seleccionaron cuatro predios para ser visitados y recolectar musgos en tres cuadrantes de 20 cm × 20 cm, además, se adquirieron tres muestras de musgos en los mercados de las principales ciudades del estado de Tlaxcala para complementar la información. La superficie y el peso fresco fueron calculados solo con las muestras de los mercados y los datos se extrapolaron a los permisos oficiales. La región de Tlaxco presenta la mayor cantidad de permisos de explotación comercial y en general, la superficie declarada para explotación comercial varía de 10 ha a 167 ha y el peso fresco de 10 t a 65 t. El precio de las muestras en los mercados es de 22 MXN/m2 a 52 MXN/m2 con peso fresco calculado de 15.89 MXN/kg a 64.10 MXN/kg. El valor comercial aproximado es de 372 500 MXN/ha y 40 000 MXN/t. Revisando los datos de los permisos se determinó que hay una capacidad de extracción anual de 1.63 t/ha. Se identificaron un total de 14 especies, observando que Thuidium delicatulum subsp. delicatulum se encuentra presente en campo y en el mercado, pero Hypnum amabile solo se observó en los mercados.
Predicting Health Disparities in Regions at Risk of Severe Illness to Inform Health Care Resource Allocation During Pandemics: Observational Study
Authors: Fusillo Tara
Published: November 2020

Background

Pandemics including COVID-19 have disproportionately affected socioeconomically vulnerable populations.

Objective

Our objective was to create a repeatable modeling process to identify regional population centers with pandemic vulnerability.

Methods

Using readily available COVID-19 and socioeconomic variable data sets, we used stepwise linear regression techniques to build predictive models during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic. The models were validated later in the pandemic timeline using actual COVID-19 mortality rates in high population density states. The mean sample size was 43 and ranged from 8 (Connecticut) to 82 (Michigan).

Results

The New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Louisiana, Michigan, and Pennsylvania models provided the strongest predictions of top counties in densely populated states with a high likelihood of disproportionate COVID-19 mortality rates. For all of these models, P values were less than .05.

Conclusions

The models have been shared with the Department of Health Commissioners of each of these states with strong model predictions as input into a much needed “pandemic playbook” for local health care agencies in allocating medical testing and treatment resources. We have also confirmed the utility of our models with pharmaceutical companies for use in decisions pertaining to vaccine trial and distribution locations.
Datos abiertos y educación: formación de docentes en la sociedad digital
Authors: Gálvez-de-la-Cuesta Maria del Carmen , Gertrudix-Barrio Manuel , García-García Francisco
Published: November 2020

El entorno educativo se enfrenta a una inevitable adaptación al ámbito digital, donde es constante el consumo acrítico de información por parte del alumnado. Garantizar un consumo crítico requiere intensificar los procesos de alfabetización mediática e informacional, ligados a la competencia digital docente, que pueden ser reforzados por el uso de productos multimedia basados en datos abiertos. La presente investigación tiene como finalidad analizar el grado de alfabetización digital y educación mediática que poseen los futuros docentes de Educación Primaria. Se adoptó una metodología de estudio de caso, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas al profesorado encargado de formar a los futuros maestros en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Castilla la Mancha (España). La interpretación de resultados se realizó mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido, con un modelo de revisión exhaustiva. Se concluye la necesidad de impulsar la alfabetización mediática e informacional en el ámbito de la formación docente.
El sentido de pertenencia, una estrategia de mejora en el proceso formativo en las artes. Estudio de caso en Danza en una universidad mexicana
Authors: Corona Alhelí
Published: November 2020

El sentido de pertenencia es un sentimiento de identidad que el individuo genera con la comunidad con la que interactúa para alcanzar metas en común. Las artes, a su vez, demandan consolidar una identidad y difundir experiencias artísticas en las aulas. Por tal motivo, este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer cómo se presenta el sentido de pertenencia desde la opinión estudiantil en la Licenciatura en Danza de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), México. Se condujo un estudio cuantitativo a través de un cuestionario que valoró el sentido de pertenencia en cuatro dimensiones (psicológica-social, afectiva, académica y física). Los resultados apuntan que las dimensiones académica y social requieren acciones encaminadas a la autoconfianza y al acercamiento con el medio laboral. Analizar el sentido de pertenencia permite la construcción de significantes comunes que fortalezcan la formación profesional del estudiantado.
La desigualdad educativa en la Educación Media uruguaya
Authors: Menese Camargo Pablo
Published: November 2020

Uruguay tiene vocación por la inclusión educativa desde finales del siglo XIX. Desde un punto de vista teórico, la desigualdad educativa siempre ha estado solapada por algún elemento de desigualdad socioeconómica. Ergo, la mayoría de las reivindicaciones y políticas educativas han estado centradas en igualar condiciones del hogar de origen. No obstante, pese a una importante serie de políticas y programas de inclusión social, en uno de los países con mejores indicadores sociales y de equidad del continente, aproximadamente el 60% de la población nunca va a culminar la Educación Media. Este artículo ensaya una sistematización y comparación teórica de los principales trabajos asociados a la desigualdad educativa a nivel nacional e internacional. Entre las principales conclusiones, se destaca la idea de que la desigualdad socioeconómica es solo una pieza de la desigualdad educativa. Por tanto, actuar únicamente sobre la desigualdad socioeconómica es una reducción teórica y empírica agotada.
Revitalizing Cultural Characteristics in Advertising in Nigeria Within a Sketch of Systemic Paradigm
Authors: Dalamu Taofeek Olaiwola , Ogunlusi Gbenga
Published: November 2020

This study investigated cultural pieces of advertising to indicate the ways that publicists deploy socio-cultural resources as normative channels of persuading readers to consumption. To achieve that goal, ten advertisements of financial, food, and telecommunications industries, harvested from The Punch newspaper, the Internet and erected advertising frameworks, functioned as data of analysis. After stratifying the advertisements into appropriate organizations, the terminology of ‘Below the clause’, functioned as the processing instrument. This allowed the application of graphic illustrations to account for the frequency of communicative components. The analysis revealed the employment of nominal groups (the lessons; this Eid) as playing dominant roles in the constructs, verbal groups (taste; celebrate) and prepositional phrases (from all of us at Fidelity Bank®; of commerce), also operated as stimulating structures. Although negligible, minor clause (Happy Workers’ Day; Eid Mubarak) are relevant grammatical elements of inducement. Besides anchorage and relaying functions interlocking the texts, one observed ambiguity (your work; Bae) in the Union Bank® and Wema Bank® advertisements. Connotations facilitated the communication of Mama don land and the big bottle of Coca-Cola®; the spirit of our nation and green-white-green dresses; your work and Maman Aisha; and the sacrifice of Christ with the crown of thorns. Contexts such as Yorùbá traditions, family  ffairs, religious nuances, savings, and historical notions are propagated cultural endowments that influenced the advertisements’ meaning potential. As a result, the analysts might suggest that advertisers ought to consistently decorate their campaigns with cultural fortunes. Such behavior has the capacity to educate and influence readers to consumption in their various regional domains.
Introducing financial inclusion to MENA Islamic-banks profitability determinants
Authors: El-Ansary Osama , Rashwan Mohamed M.
Published: November 2020

This paper assesses Islamic banks (IBs) profitability determinants by investigating bank-specific, macroeconomic, and financial inclusion variables in MENA. Data is collected from Zawya, Bankscope, The Banker, Global Findex and World Bank databases covering 73 IBs from 2008-2017. ROA and ROE are deployed as IBs’ profitability term with new predictor variables assessing financial inclusion: overall financial structure, financial service penetration, and self-service banking prevalence. Common bank-specific variables are employed that include; credit risk, liquidity, size, capital adequacy, the effect of income fees and charges, and operating costs with other macroeconomic variables; GDP, inflation, and the average world governance indicator (WGI). A dynamic panel data is applied using a GMM model. Both ROA and ROE have almost the same significant relationship with credit risk, size, capital adequacy, and effect of income fees and charges but no significance was established with Basel capital adequacy. The same significant relationship between ROA and ROE is validated with only WGI as a macroeconomic variable and self-service banking prevalence as a financial inclusion indicator. Guiding IBs executives to improve bank profitability by utilizing macroeconomic and financial inclusion factors. Results may imply the importance of new products and alternative channel development in enhancing IBs’ profitability. Few studies are found measuring the effect of bank-specific, macroeconomic, and financial inclusion variables. Thus, this paper contributes to the existing literature by introducing other dynamics affecting IBs’ profitability
Determinants of institutional trust in transition economies: Lessons from Serbia
Authors: Dzunic Marija , Golubovic Natasa , Marinkovic Srdjan
Published: November 2020

This study aims to provide evidence on the drivers of institutional trust in
transition economies. Trust in institutions is of critical importance for
the consolidation of democracy, as well as for political and social
stability. Bearing in mind the political developments during the transition,
the fragile democracies of post-socialist countries have faced significant
challenges in terms of declining institutional trust, leading to problems of
legitimacy and government ineffectiveness. Therefore, the transition
countries represent a fertile ground for testing the theories that explain
the origins and dynamics of institutional trust. In this paper we explore
the level of institutional trust in Serbia and test the alternative views on
the determinants of trust in key institutions of cultural and institutional
theories. The cultural perspective implies that the level of trust in
institutions is dependent on citizens? long-standing and deep-seated
cultural norms, while the institutional approach explains trust as the
outcome of individual perceptions of institutional performance. In order to
examine the cultural and institutional variables that explain trust in a set
of public institutions in Serbia, we employ individual-level data from the
Life in Transition Survey. The analysis is aimed at generating policy
suggestions and measures that can raise institutional credibility.
The space of operator valued functions seen as Hilbert H*-module
Authors: Lazovic Zlatko
Published: November 2020

Let M be a space of weakly*-measurable functions F : ? ? B(H) on measure
space (?,?,?), for which the function F*F is Gel'fand integrable and
Gel'fand integral ? ? F*F d? is a nuclear operator on Hilbert space H. We
show that M is Hilbert H*-module which contains an orthonormal basis.
Otorhinolaryngology emergency department hospitalizations in a secondary medical center
Authors: Radin Zorana , Bakic Dejan , Ilic Dimitrije , Jotic Ana
Published: November 2020

Introduction/Objective. The overall number of emergency department visits, including otorhinolaryngology, has increased. Due to population growth, industry and traffic expansion, workload of the otorhinolaryngology emergency department is steadily on the rise. The objective of this study was to determine most common indications for an emergency hospitalization in the otorhinolaryngology department in a secondary medical center. Also, we examined the course of diagnostics and treatment upon admittance, the outcome of hospitalization, and possible referral to a tertiary medical center. Methods. This retrospective study included patients who were urgently hospitalized at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Djordje Joanovic General Hospital in Zrenjanin, Serbia, during a two-year period. The data were obtained by processing the patients? medical charts. Results. The study included 428 patients who were urgently hospitalized at the department of otorhinolaryngology of a secondary medical center during a two-year period. Of the total number, 245 (57.2%) were male and 183 (42.8%) were female, with the average age of 48.5 years. The patients were most frequently hospitalized due to tonsillopharyngitis and its complications, followed by head and neck trauma. Most of the patients were treated conservatively, with medication therapy (72%), and 28% underwent surgical or other invasive intervention. Twenty-seven (6.3%) patients were referred to a tertiary medical center, which correlated significantly with the number of comorbidities and consultative exams. Conclusion. Otorhinolaryngology inflammatory/infectious diseases are the most frequent indication for urgent hospital admission to a secondary medical center. Most of the patients were treated conservatively. Referral to a tertiary medical center significantly correlated with the number of comorbidities and consultative exams.
Impact of wavy texture and hybridity of nanofluid on heat transfer augmentation over the frustum of cone geometry
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Ghaffari Abuzar , Mustafa Irfan , Ali Hafiz
Published: November 2020

In this article, the impact of water-based hybrid nanofluid on heat transfer characteristics along the wavy frustum of the cone is examined. We considered hybrid nanofluid containing Cu and TiO2 nanoparticles. Non-similar form of the constitutive equations is obtained by using an appropriate set of transformations and results are achieved by employing transformed into compact non-similar form and are solved by the famous numerically implicit finite difference scheme known as Keller-box technique. The influence of the hybrid nanoparticles? volume fraction, frustum of cone half-angle, and the wavy texture parameters on the Nusselt number and skin friction are scrutinized and comparison is made between the wavy frustum of the cone and flat frustum of the cone through numerical data. It is observed that the rise in the truncated cone half-angle leads to an increase in skin friction and Nusselt number. The TiO2-water nanofluid has lower heat transfer rates as compared to Cu-TiO2 hybrid nanofluid. The increasing of the truncated cone half-angle enhances the heat transfer rates. Generally, the results established from this analysis can be used as a benchmark for improving the natural convection heat transfer performance along the frustum of cone wavy texture.
The influence of an active microclimate liquid-cooled vest on heat strain alleviation
Authors: Cvetanovic Sveta , Rutic Srdjan , Krstic Dejan , Florus Stanislav , Otrisal Pavel
Published: November 2020

This research was performed to test the effectiveness of the microclimate body cooling system which belongs to the group of active systems with liquid-cooled technology. The liquid cooling vest efficiency was observed concerning the physiological fitness of the standard protective set used in specific environmental conditions which imply increased thermal strain of the test subjects. Experimental results from the research are based on the examinations carried out in a thermo-physiological laboratory. Ten healthy male volunteers ? test subjects aged (23.4 ? 2.4 years, weight 74 ? 7 kg, and height 184 ? 9 cm) were exposed to thermal strain testing (40 ?C temperature, 40 ?3 % relative humidity, without wind) and simultaneously to physical effort caused by walking on the treadmill at a speed of 5 km/h, during 45 minutes. Tests were performed in two variants: without any cooling system and with the KewlFlow Circulatory Cooling Vest with Cooler Kit. Throughout heat exposure, the subject?s body core temperature (tympanic temperature ? Tty), mean skin temperature, Tsk, and heart rate were measured. Furthermore, sweat rate was calculated in order to determine all changes in the water and electrolyte status. Experimental results confirm that the results of this study have recognized the benefits of a liquid-cooled vest in lowering the thermal strain.
Planning for Substantive Testing at the Assertion Level: A Training Activity and Mini Case
Authors: Rummell Janice E. , Weickgenannt Andrea B.
Published: November 2020

This two-part educational resource was developed to enhance students' understanding of a key aspect of the audit guidance concerning financial statement audit planning for substantive testing at the assertion level. Assuming the role of audit associates at a CPA firm, students first engage in a training activity in which they deconstruct substantive audit tasks into significant financial statement accounts, management assertions, and types of audit procedures related to each task. Then, students consider inherent risk factors for a client engagement in a mini case and apply relevant accounts, management assertions, and detailed substantive audit procedures. These resources are easy to implement and require little advanced preparation, yet they provide a rich instructional resource for either new or experienced auditing faculty. Assessment results and student survey responses reveal the effectiveness of these resources in promoting students' comprehension of the critical role of management assertions in the audit planning process.
Practitioner Summary: The Value of Assurance and Ethics in Difficult Times: Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosures and Investor Decisions
Authors: Stuart Andrew C. , Bedard Jean C. , Clark Cynthia E.
Published: November 2020

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) assurance rates continue to lag behind corporate reporting of CSR activity (Blasco and King 2017), suggesting managers question whether the benefits of purchasing assurance outweigh the costs. This article summarizes a recent study by Stuart, Bedard, and Clark (2020) investigating the value of CSR assurance when a company experiences a negative event by examining how prior disclosure of management’s CSR intentions, and the decision to purchase independent assurance, influence investors’ judgments. Findings suggest investors react more favorably to management’s intention to engage in activities that increase expected future financial returns when economic times are good. In contrast, in difficult times investor preference shifts to management’s intent for activities done solely for social good as a signal of ethical culture. However, this preference disappears when disclosures are assured. Findings suggest the decision to purchase CSR assurance plays an important role in signaling management’s ethical culture.
Agent-Based Computational Economics in Management Accounting Research: Opportunities and Difficulties
Authors: Wall Friederike , Leitner Stephan
Published: November 2020

Agent-based computational economics (ACE)—while adopted comparably widely in other domains of managerial science—is a rather novel paradigm for management accounting research (MAR). This paper provides an overview of opportunities and difficulties that ACE may have for research in management accounting and, in particular, introduces a framework that researchers in management accounting may employ when considering ACE as a paradigm for their particular research endeavor. The framework builds on the two interrelated paradigmatic elements of ACE: a set of theoretical assumptions on economic agents and the approach of agent-based modeling. Particular focus is put on contrasting opportunities and difficulties of ACE in comparison to other research methods employed in MAR.

JEL Classifications: C63; D8; D91; M40.
CB1 and GLP-1 Receptors Cross Talk Provides New Therapies for Obesity
Authors: Zizzari Philippe , He Rongjun , Falk Sarah , Bellocchio Luigi , Allard Camille , Clark Samantha , Lesté-Lasserre Thierry , Marsicano Giovanni , Clemmensen Christoffer , Perez-Tilve Diego , Finan Brian , Cota Daniela , Quarta Carmelo
Published: November 2020

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists effectively improve glycemia and body weight in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity but have limited weight-lowering efficacy and minimal insulin sensitizing action. In preclinical models, peripherally restricted cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) inhibitors, which are devoid of the neuropsychiatric adverse effects observed with brain-penetrant CB1R blockers, ameliorate obesity and its multiple metabolic complications. Using mouse models with genetic loss of CB1R or GLP-1R, we demonstrate that these two metabolic receptors modulate food intake and body weight via reciprocal functional interactions. In diet-induced obese mice, the coadministration of a peripheral CB1R inhibitor with long-acting GLP-1R agonists achieves greater reduction in body weight and fat mass than monotherapies by promoting negative energy balance. This cotreatment also results in larger improvements in systemic and hepatic insulin action, systemic dyslipidemia, and reduction of hepatic steatosis. Thus, peripheral CB1R blockade may allow safely potentiating the antiobesity and antidiabetic effects of currently available GLP-1R agonists.
Diagnosis of Neuropathy and Risk Factors for Corneal Nerve Loss in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A Corneal Confocal Microscopy Study
Authors: Ferdousi Maryam , Kalteniece Alise , Azmi Shazli , Petropoulos Ioannis N. , Ponirakis Georgios , Alam Uazman , Asghar Omar , Marshall Andrew , Fullwood Catherine , Jeziorska Maria , Abbott Caroline , Lauria Giuseppe , Faber Catharina G. , Soran Handrean , Efron Nathan , Boulton Andrew J.M. , Malik Rayaz A.
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE

To assess the diagnostic utility of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and the risk factors for corneal nerve loss.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A total of 490 participants, including 72 healthy control subjects, 149 with type 1 diabetes, and 269 with type 2 diabetes, underwent detailed assessment of peripheral neuropathy and CCM in relation to risk factors.

RESULTS

Corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD) (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001), corneal nerve fiber branch density (CNBD) (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001), and corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.02) were significantly lower in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared with control subjects. CNFD (P < 0.0001), CNBD (P < 0.0001), and CNFL (P < 0.0001) were lower in type 1 diabetes compared with type 2 diabetes. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for the diagnosis of DPN demonstrated a good area under the curve for CNFD of 0.81, CNBD of 0.74, and CNFL of 0.73. Multivariable regression analysis showed a significant association among reduced CNFL with age (β = −0.27, P = 0.007), HbA1c (β = −1.1; P = 0.01), and weight (β = −0.14; P = 0.03) in patients with type 2 diabetes and with duration of diabetes (β = −0.13; P = 0.02), LDL cholesterol (β = 1.8, P = 0.04), and triglycerides (β = −2.87; P = 0.009) in patients with type 1 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS

CCM identifies more severe corneal nerve loss in patients with type 1 diabetes compared with type 2 diabetes and shows good diagnostic accuracy for DPN. Furthermore, the risk factors for a reduction in corneal nerve fiber length differ between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
EFEKTIVITAS MODELPEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TALKING CHIPS TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS PROSEDUR KOMPLEKS SISWA KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 7 MEDAN TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Bosko Marbun Yandi Johannes , Wasilah Atika
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe talking chipsterhadap kemampuan menulis teks prosedur kompleks  siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 7 Medan Tahun Pembelajaran 2019/2020.Sampel penelitian ini adalah kelas XI-IPA 1 berjumlah 34 dan kelas XI- IPA 2 yang berjumlah 34 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen Randomized Subject, Posstest Only Control Groub Design. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes objektif esai.Berdasarkan pengolahan data diperoleh hasil poss-test (Kontrol) dengan rata-rata = 70 dan standar deviasi = 7.17. Sedangkan hasil posttest (Eksperimen) dengan rata-rata = 80.58 dan standar deviasi = 7.74. Dari uji data kelas kontroldan kelas eksperimen diketahui bahwa kedua data tersebut berdistribusi normal. Data post-test (Kontrol) diperoleh Lhitung<Ltabel (0.140 < 0.151) dan data post-test (Eksperimen)diperoleh Lhitung<Ltabel (0.137 < 0.151).Sedangkan dari uji homogenitas diperoleh bahwa sampel penelitian ini berasal dari kelompok yang homogen yaitu < (1.07 < 1.80). Setelah uji normalitas dan homogenitas dilakukan, diperoleh  = 5.81. Selanjutnya  Dikonsultasikan dengan t tabel pada taraf signifikan 5% dengan df = N-1 = 68-1 = 67 diperoleh taraf signifikan 5%= 2,00.Oleh karena  Yang diperoleh lebih besar dar Yaitu 5.81 > 2,00, maka  Diterima.Hal ini membuktikan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe talking chips efektif digunakan terhadap kemampuan menulis teks prosedur kompleks pada siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 7  Medan Tahun Pembelajaran 2019/2020.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN TES PASSING BOLAVOLI BERBASIS DIGITAL
Authors: Suriadi Suriadi , Dewi Rahma
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrument tes passing atas dan passing bawah bolavoli. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh atlet di club TVRI, club PBV Mulia dan club Johar. Bentuk yang telah dibuat terlebih dahulu divalidasi orang beberapa ahli di bidangnya. Alat ini berupa adaptasi dari instrument tes sebelumnya yang masih merupakan dinding dengan diameter 1,5 x1,5 meter dengan ketinggian sesuai dengan kebutuhan tes yang akan dilakukan, menjadi bentuk portable yang dapat digunakan kapanpun dan dimanapun dengan material yang keras menyerupai dinding sehingga daya pantul bola tidak berkurang dan dilengkapi dengan sensor sehingga penghitungan menjadi lebih mudah dan akurat. Uji kelompok kecil melibatkan 20 orang atlet dari club TVRI dan uji coba kelompok besar melibatkan 30 orang atlet dari club Johar dan club Mulia. Hasil dari validasi ahli dalam ujicoba kelompok kecil bahwa dapat digunakan dimana rata-rata persentase validitasnya adalah 90,96%. Hasil dari validasi ahli dalam ujicoba kelompok besar bahwa dapat digunakan dimana rata-rata persentase validitasnya adalah 95,33%. Dapat disimpulkan alat tes kemampuan passing atas dan passing bawah bolavoli berbasis digital ini dapat layak atau dapat digunakan.
PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) DAN THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) PADA MATERI SISTEM PENCERNAAN MANUSIA DI KELAS XI IPA SMA NEGERI 1 KUALUH SELATAN
Authors: Lestari Sri Endang , Sipayung Mariaty , Heriati Ery
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan modelpembelajaran Numbered Heads Together dan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share pada materi sistempencernaan manusia di kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Kualuh Selatan T.P. 2016/2017. Jenis penelitian ini adalahpenelitian eksperimen semu. Populasi penelitian ini terdiri dari 140 siswa dan sampel terdiri dari 48 siswa yangdiambil dengan cara purposive sampling. Alat pengumpul data dalam penelitian ini berupa tes pilihan bergandasebanyak 30 soal sebagai soal pretes dan postes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ujihipotesis dengan menggunakan rumus uji-t. Perhitungan hipotesis diperoleh harga thitung (5,5290) > ttabel (1,6801)berarti H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dengan demikian terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang diajarkan denganmenggunakan model Numbered Heads Together dan Think Pair Share pada materi sistem pencernaan manusia dikelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Kualuh Selatan T.P. 2016/2017.Kata kunci : model pembelajaran, Numbered Heads Together, Think Pair Share
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE QUIZ TEAM TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI SISWA PADA MATERI SISTEM PERNAPASAN MANUSIA DI KELAS XI IPA SMA DHARMA PANCASILA MEDAN
Authors: Hasugian Novalia RE , Aryeni Aryeni
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kefektifan pembelajaran biologi siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Quiz Team pada materi Sistem Pernapasan Manusia di kelas XI IPA SMA Dharma Pancasila Medan Tahun Pembelajaran 2016/2017. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Dharma Pancasila Medan yang terdiri dari 3 kelas dan jumlah seluruhnya 93 orang siswa. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini ditentukan secara acak (random sampling) yaitu kelas XI IPA2 yang terdiri dari 31 orang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pre-experiment.Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah tes objektif dalam bentuk pilihan ganda yang telah diuji cobakan validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran dan daya pembeda. Instrumen yang digunakan sebanyak 25 soal. Dari hasil analisis data diperoleh hasil observasi aktivitas sudah terlaksana dengan baik dan siswa aktif, dari hasil belajar nilai rata-rata tes awal (pretest) adalah 56.00 dan nilai rata-rata tes akhir (post test) yaitu 80.26. Berdasarkan hasil data, efektivitas dapat digambarkan dengan ketuntasan belajar secara individual sebanyak 28 siswa tuntas (90.32%) dan 3 orang siswa tidak tuntas (9.68%). Efektivitas treatment juga sudah terpenuhi dimana thitung lebih besar dari ttabel yaitu 14.42 > 1.6973 dan persen peningkatan hasil belajar (N-Gain) berada pada kategori sedang yaitu 0.56. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Quiz Team pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia di kelas XI IPA SMA Dharma Pancasila Medan Tahun Pembelajaran 2016/2017 adalah efektif.Kata Kunci: Quiz Team, Efektivitas, Hasil Belajar
Analisis Keterampilan Metakognitif Siswa pada Pembelajaran Saintifik Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati
Authors: Agati Fanindria , Hasruddin Hasruddin , Hasibuan Ikhwan
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterampilan metakognitif siswa pada pembelajaran saintifik  di kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Labuhan Deli T.P 2018/2019. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X MIA T.P 2018/2019 di SMA Negeri 1 Labuhan Deli yang terdiri dari 4 kelas. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 1 kelas (36 siswa) yang diambil secara acak. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui angket, soal dan lembar observasi yang ditujukan pada siswa dan wawancara kepada guru bidang studi biologi. Hasil analisis data yang diperoleh adalah persentase keterampilan metakognitif siswa berdasarkan hasil angket adalah 72% dalam kriteria tinggi, berdasarkan hasil essay test sebesar 55.6% berada pada kriteria sedang dan persentase rata-rata hasil observasi pembelajaran saintifik terhadap siswa sebesar 57% berada pada tingkatan kriteria sedang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh nilai r= 0.83 dengan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji t dengan hasil t hitung > t tabel=15.61 > 2.028 berarti H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan keterampilan metakognitif dengan pembelajaran saintifik.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think-Pair-Share (TPS) Disertai Media Gambar Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Pada Materi Sel Di Kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 2 Kabanjahe T.P. 2018/2019
Authors: Simanungkalit Eva Hennita , Gaol Adriana Y.D.L , Karo Dasni
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAK              Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think-pair-share (TPS) disertai media gambar terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi sel di kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 2 Kabanjahe tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Populasinya adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 2 Kabanjahe yang terdiri atas 6 kelas dengan 2 kelas sampel yang diambil secara purposif sampel. Sampel yang digunakan adalah kelas XI MIA 4 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI MIA 5 sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan  berjumlah 25 soal sesuai dengan jenis soal berpikir kritis Watson-Glaser Critical Appraisal (W-GCTA) yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti sendiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) nilai rata-rata postes kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi yaitu 76,56 (SD = 8,08). Dibandingkan nilai rata-rata postes kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas kontrol yaitu 71,33 (SD = 8,84). (2) Analisis pengujian hipotesis hasil kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik menggunakan uji-t dengan taraf kepercayaan α = 0,05 menunjukkan thitung > ttabel (3,0946 > 1,9967) dan dk = n+n-2 = 70, yang berarti dalam penelitian ini H0 ditolak sedangkan Ha diterima. Dengan demikian menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh signifikan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think-pair-share (TPS) disertai media gambar terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Kata kunci : Think-Pair-Share (TPS), Media Gambar, Kemampuan berpikir kritis