TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN PERSONNEL TRAINING FOR THE MINING INDUSTRY IN THE 18TH - 19TH CENTURIES
Authors: LEVCHENKO O.YU. ,   Pushkin Leningrad State University
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The mining industry traditionally plays a strategic role in the domestic economy. Significant facts in its history of the 18th century. began the organization of mining districts and the creation of mining factories. The dynamic development of the industry required various specialists with professional education in the field of mining. To train personnel for mining plants, mining schools were created, and later mining schools, whose activities were widely covered in scientific works. At the same time, there remains a need to identify and systematize information related to the teaching of foreign languages. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that it contributes to a holistic description of the history of the formation and development of domestic mining education and allows us to meaningfully complement the picture of the history of professionally oriented teaching of foreign languages in educational institutions of Russia in the 18th-19th centuries. Materials and methods. The source base of the study is represented by regulatory documents, historical, historical and pedagogical, statistical, journalistic works, archival materials covering various aspects of personnel training for the mining industry in our country in the 18th-19th centuries. To solve the research problems, a set of complementary research methods was used, the leading among which was the theoretical analysis of sources. Results. Mining education has a rich history. In the 18th century Mining schools began to open, training workers and technicians for the mining industry. They provided general education and vocational training, differing in the list of subjects taught and the duration of training. The mining school program involved studying a wide range of general educational and professional subjects. The curriculum included French and German, students mastered reading and writing, and did translations. Much attention was paid to the study of grammar. After graduating from the mining school, the most capable graduates could continue their professional education. Many entered the Mountain Cadet Corps (later the Institute), where they studied German, French, and later English. Teaching foreign languages was aimed at developing skills in all types of speech activity. The available opportunities for regular language practice increased the effectiveness of teaching oral speech. The technical translation course made it possible to master professional vocabulary and develop the ability to fully and accurately understand and convey the content of texts in the specialty. In some years, Latin was taught. Studying foreign languages provided the opportunity to read and understand foreign-language professional literature and allowed for business communication during foreign business trips. Discussion and conclusion. Foreign languages played a significant role in training personnel for the mining industry. Studying this experience is important for creating a holistic picture of the history of professionally oriented teaching of foreign languages.