bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robust Asymptotical Stability and Stabilization of Fractional-Order Complex-Valued Neural Networks with Delay
Authors: Zeng Jingjing , Yang Xujun , Wang Lu , Chen Xiaofeng
Published: November 2021

The robust asymptotical stability and stabilization for a class of fractional-order complex-valued neural networks (FCNNs) with parametric uncertainties and time delay are considered in this paper. It is worth noting that our system combines complex numbers, uncertain parameters, time delay, and fractional orders, which is universal in practical application. Using the theorem of homeomorphism, the sufficient condition of the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium point for the system is obtained. Then, the sufficient criteria of robust asymptotical stability and stabilization for the addressed models are established, respectively. Finally, we give two numerical examples to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Fixed Point Results for an Almost Generalized
α
-Admissible
Z
-Contraction in the Setting of Partially Ordered b-Metric Spaces
Authors: Teweldemedhin Solomon Gebregiorgis , Tola Kidane Koyas
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we introduce an almost generalized

α

-admissible

Z

-contraction with the help of a simulation function and study fixed point results in the setting of partially ordered b-metric spaces. The presented results generalize and unify several related fixed point results in the existing literature. Finally, we verify our results by using two examples. Moreover, one of our fixed point results is applied to guarantee the existence of a solution of an integral equation.
Effect of Prophylactic Central Lymph Node Dissection on Locoregional Recurrence in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma
Authors: Yang Peipei , Li Jianming , Jing Haoyu , Chen Qiyang , Song Xinxin , Qian Linxue
Published: November 2021

There is a consensus that central compartment lymph node dissection or modified radical lateral neck dissection should be performed in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) patients with lymph node metastases. Prophylactic central lymph node dissection (PCLND) in patients with clinically node-negative (cN0) PTMC to reduce locoregional recurrence (LRR) rate and improve prognosis remains controversial. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of PCLND on LRR and postoperative complications of PTMC in cN0 patients. We reviewed a cohort of patients with cN0 PTMC who underwent surgery between January 1997 and October 2019. The patients were divided into the PCLND and no lymph node dissection (NLND) groups. Kaplan–Meier curves were constructed to estimate 15-year locoregional recurrence-free survival rate of the two groups, and the difference was compared by the log-rank test. Three Cox regression models were performed to evaluate the correlation between PCLND and LRR. All patients underwent thyroidectomy, and 25 patients developed LRR; of whom, 23 underwent PCLND at initial surgery and 2 went without lymph node dissection. Cox regression analysis showed that PCLND had no effect on LRR. Postoperative hematoma and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury did not occur in the NLND group, and their incidences were 0.5% and 0.3% in the PCLND group, respectively. PCLND had no significant correlation with LRR in patients with cN0 PTMC, and the absolute benefit for PTMC was small.
Mental Health Monitoring Based on Multiperception Intelligent Wearable Devices
Authors: Dai Xichao , Ding Yumei
Published: November 2021

In order to improve the accuracy of the evaluation results of multiperception intelligent wearable devices, the mathematical statistical characteristics based on speech, behavior, environment, and physical signs are proposed; first, the PCA feature compression algorithm was used to reduce the dimension of these features, and the differences among different training samples were compared and analyzed; then, three weak classifiers are designed using the logistic regression algorithm, and finally, a strong classifier with higher prediction accuracy is designed according to the boosting decision fusion method and ensemble learning idea. The results showed that the accuracy of the logistic regression model trained with the feature data of voice PCA was 0.964, but the recall rate and crossover results were significantly reduced to 0.844 and 0.846, respectively. The accuracy, accuracy and recall of the decision fusion model based on the boosting method and integrated learning are 0.969, and the prediction accuracy of K-folds cross-validation is also as high as 0.956; the superposition fusion results of three weak classifiers achieve a better classification effect.
Preparation and Properties of Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers Containing Shellac and Bitter Herbal Extract
Authors: Limmatvapirat Chutima , Limmatvapirat Sontaya , Chansatidkosol Siraprapa , Krongrawa Wantanwa , Liampipat Napasorn , Leechaiwat Sarocha , Lamaisri Patipat , Siangjong Lawan , Meetam Paranee , Tiankittumrong Kuntontip
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate anti-nail-biting lacquers consisting of bitter herbal extracts. The hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from Andrographis paniculata and Tinospora crispa were determined for phytochemical constituents, total phenolic contents, antioxidant activities, anti-inflammatory activities, and cytotoxicities. Anti-nail-biting lacquers were prepared by using herbal extracts (bittering agent), shellac (film forming polymer), ethanol (volatile solvent), and other indispensable additives with continuous stirring. Thus, attempts to enhance the film property and bitterness are accomplished by using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) as a copolymer and varying concentrations of herbal extracts. Good accepted formulations were established for drying time, pH, viscosity, smoothness of film, film strength, water resistant, and solubility in simulated saliva and evaluated their bitterness in human volunteers. The results revealed that phytochemical constituents including tannins, glycosides, reducing sugars, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids were found present in both extracts while saponins were only detected in A. paniculata extract. Although T. crispa extract exhibited a significantly higher (p<0.05) total phenolic content and antioxidant activity than A. paniculata extract, it showed lower protein denaturation inhibition property than A. paniculata extract. Because of the potentials of both extracts without cytotoxicity, anti-nail-biting lacquers containing either A. paniculata extract or T. crispa extract were developed and evaluated. Drying time of formulations was 6-11 min with visually seen glossiness of formulation. Formulations of the nail lacquer showed good pH, viscosity, smoothness of film, film strength, water resistant, and solubility in simulated saliva. The formulations displaying no significant cytotoxicity effect on CRL-2076 cells were assessed on healthy human volunteers to compare bitterness and film characteristics. The results revealed that the optimized formulation containing A. paniculata extract could successfully achieve good film forming property and bitterness release which is considered promising for stopping nail biting.
IoT-Based Smart Health Monitoring System for COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Khan Mohammad Monirujjaman , Mehnaz Safia , Shaha Antu , Nayem Mohammed , Bourouis Sami
Published: November 2021

During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, Internet of Things- (IoT-) based health monitoring systems are potentially immensely beneficial for COVID-19 patients. This study presents an IoT-based system that is a real-time health monitoring system utilizing the measured values of body temperature, pulse rate, and oxygen saturation of the patients, which are the most important measurements required for critical care. This system has a liquid crystal display (LCD) that shows the measured temperature, pulse rate, and oxygen saturation level and can be easily synchronized with a mobile application for instant access. The proposed IoT-based method uses an Arduino Uno-based system, and it was tested and verified for five human test subjects. The results obtained from the system were promising: the data acquired from the system are stored very quickly. The results obtained from the system were found to be accurate when compared to other commercially available devices. IoT-based tools may potentially be valuable during the COVID-19 pandemic for saving people’s lives.
A Rare Case of Aortoenteric Graft Erosion Presenting as Candida glabrata Fungemia
Authors: Samad Muhammad Adeel , Patel Dhaval , Asplund Martin , Shih-Della Penna Diane C. , Tomhe Yaseen
Published: November 2021

Background. An aortoenteric fistula (AEF) describes a communication of the aorta or aortic graft with an adjacent loop of the bowel. Aortic graft erosion is a rare complication of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. We describe a case of a patient presenting with sepsis from Candida glabrata fungemia secondary to aortoenteric erosion without any symptoms or signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. This is a unique case of Candida glabrata fungemia from aortoenteric graft erosion. Case Summary. This patient is a 75-year-old male with a history of a prior aortobifemoral bypass graft in 2005. He presented with complaints of right paraspinal pain and chills. He had no symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding or abdominal pain. His white blood cell count was 25,600/mcl (4,000–11,000/mcL) with left shift. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 11 mm/hr (0-38 mm/hr), and C-reactive protein was 95.5 mg/L (<=10.0 mg/L). Blood cultures were obtained and eventually grew Candida glabrata. A computed tomography angiogram (CTA) of abdomen and pelvis demonstrated inflammation surrounding the graft concerning for graft infection with additional inflammatory changes tracking down both femoral limbs. He underwent staged bilateral femoralaxillary bypass followed by the excision of aortobifemoral bypass. Conclusion. Patients with aortoenteric erosion can present with sepsis in absence of gastrointestinal bleeding. Emergent computed tomography angiogram (CTA) of abdomen and pelvis should be performed to assess for aortic graft erosion or fistula. Empiric treatment with antibiotics should include antifungal agent like micafungin until the final culture is reported. The definite management is an extra anatomic bypass, followed by graft excision.
Concepts and Application of DNA Origami and DNA Self-Assembly: A Systematic Review
Authors: Liu Wei , Duan Huaichuan , Zhang Derong , Zhang Xun , Luo Qing , Xie Tao , Yan Hailian , Peng Lianxin , Hu Yichen , Liang Li , Zhao Gang , Xie Zhenjian , Hu Jianping
Published: November 2021

With the arrival of the post-Moore Era, the development of traditional silicon-based computers has reached the limit, and it is urgent to develop new computing technology to meet the needs of science and life. DNA computing has become an essential branch and research hotspot of new computer technology because of its powerful parallel computing capability and excellent data storage capability. Due to good biocompatibility and programmability properties, DNA molecules have been widely used to construct novel self-assembled structures. In this review, DNA origami is briefly introduced firstly. Then, the applications of DNA self-assembly in material physics, biogenetics, medicine, and other fields are described in detail, which will aid the development of DNA computational model in the future.
A Case Report of Steroid-Resistant Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Managed with Intravenous Immunoglobulins
Authors: Dimala Christian Akem , Patel Urvi , Lloyd Benjamin , Donato Anthony , Kimmel William B. , Hallowell Robert , Moss Caitlyn
Published: November 2021

Fewer than ten reported cases of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) have been managed with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg). We report a case of a 72-year-old man who presented with a worsening cough and diffuse opacities on chest radiograph. Following no improvement with antibiotics and negative complementary investigations for infectious, malignant, and autoimmune etiologies, COP was confirmed on lung biopsy. Due to continued clinical deterioration despite high-dose steroids and new severe steroid-induced hallucinations, the patient was placed on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) and mycophenolate mofetil and made a satisfactory recovery. IVIg should be considered as an important steroid-sparing alternative in patients with COP.
Genetic Variability of Tunisian Faba Beans (Vicia faba L.) Based on Seeds’ Morphophysical Properties as Assessed by Statistical Analysis
Authors: Khamassi Khalil , Babay Elyes , Rouissi Mustapha , Dakhlaoui Abir , Ben Ayed Rayda , Hanana Mohsen
Published: November 2021

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a legume crop cultivated for its nutritious seeds that are an important worldwide source of human food and feed. Seeds characterization is a prerequisite step for faba bean quality improvement. The morphophysical characterization of the seeds of twenty-four local faba bean accessions following the UPOV descriptors and the AOAC International standards was carried out and assessed with an approach based on Euclidean statistical model. “205 Bulk” was the unique accession harboring white hilum color seed which is linked to low convicine grain content. Irregular seed shape was the most observed character among the studied accessions except “Badii” displaying an elliptical seed shape; therefore, seed shape did not allow discrimination within our Tunisian germplasm. Interestingly, the physical characters of the seeds showed significant diversity between the accessions for all the measured parameters. A highly significant variability was observed for axial, length, and width dimensions of seeds, with “Memdouh” being the longest and largest seed accession, whereas “01-02” was the shortest and narrowest. Classification of the studied faba bean germplasm accessions based on morphophysical characters using clustering by Euclidean distance revealed three different groups. Moreover, multivariate PCA analysis further classified the faba bean accessions into four main clusters. Correlation study performed by using Spearman’s test established positive correlations within physical parameters of seeds such as between mean length and mean width of seeds. Therefore, using morphophysical parameters screening, valuable phenotypes have been selected for deeper physiological characterization and further breeding programs.
Mathematical Analysis of the TB Model with Treatment via Caputo-Type Fractional Derivative
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Hong , Ali Aatif , Khan Muhammad Altaf , Alshahrani Mohammad Y. , Muhammad Taseer , Islam Saeed
Published: November 2021

In this study, we formulate a noninteger-order mathematical model via the Caputo operator for the transmission dynamics of the bacterial disease tuberculosis (TB) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. The number of confirmed cases from 2002 to 2017 is considered as incidence data for the estimation of parameters or to parameterize the model and analysis. The positivity and boundedness of the model solution are derived. For the dynamics of the tuberculosis model, we find the equilibrium points and the basic reproduction number. The proposed model is locally and globally stable at disease-free equilibrium, if the reproduction number

ℛ

0

<
1

. Furthermore, to examine the behavior of the various parameters and different values of fractional-order derivative graphically, the most common iterative scheme based on fundamental theorem and Lagrange interpolation polynomial is implemented. From the numerical result, it is observed that the contact rate and treatment rate have a great impact on curtailing the tuberculosis disease. Furthermore, proper treatment is a key factor in reducing the TB transmission and prevalence. Also, the results are more precise for lower fractional order. The results from various numerical plots show that the fractional model gives more insights into the disease dynamics and on how to curtail the disease spread.
Coordinated Development of Regional Complex System: A Niche-Based Study
Authors: Li Jianling , Fan Xiang , Bai Yufei , Zhang Jingjing
Published: November 2021

Taking Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei as an example, it analyzes the comprehensive competitiveness of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei. It selects four dimensions: economic dimension, social dimension, environmental dimension, and technological dimension. From a new perspective, it explores the application of niche theory in regional synergy. Based on the analysis of the ecological niche, the coordination degree model of the composite system is further used to calculate the status quo of the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2013 to 2019. The results show that Beijing has the highest ecological niche, followed by Tianjin, and Hebei is the weakest. In 2019, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is at a good level of coordination, with the social subsystem having the highest order and the technological subsystem having the lowest order. Based on this, it is proposed that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions should be scientifically positioned, the overall need to be aligned with international trends, and the internal planning should be integrated to further enhance the level of cooperation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
Serum Uric Acid Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance among Health Personnel from Peru
Authors: Galindo-Yllu Brenda M. , Rojas-Humpire Ricardo , Toro-Huamanchumo Carlos J. , Gutierrez-Ajalcriña Rosmery , Soriano Anderson N.
Published: November 2021

We explored the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance (IR) among health personnel from a public hospital in Peru in a cross-sectional study with data from the Plan for the Prevention and Surveillance of Communicable and Noncommunicable Diseases of Huaycán Hospital. MetS was defined according to Latin American Diabetes Association (ALAD) criteria and IR with surrogate IR markers, triglyceride-to-HDL-C ratio (TG/HDL-C), and triglyceride-to-glucose index (TyG). The association between SUA and MetS and IR was determined using Poisson regression models in a sample of 292 participants with an average age of 46.2 ± 10.6 years. The total prevalence of MetS was 38%, and the individuals with MetS presented mainly alterations in anthropometric parameters (obesity and body fat). Finally, the adjusted regression models showed that women with SUA in the highest tertile increased the prevalence of MetS (PR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.07–2.74) compared to the lowest tertile of SUA in women, while SUA increased hypertriglyceridemia and IR (TG/HDL-C and TyG) in both sexes. We concluded that SUA is strongly associated with MetS in women, and SUA increases hypertriglyceridemia and IR in both sexes. On the contrary, more research is required regarding the female population.
Tipping Cancer Cells Over the Edge: The Context-Dependent Cost of High Ploidy
Authors: Andor Noemi , Altrock Philipp M. , Jain Navami , Gomes Ana P.
Published: November 2021

Tetraploidy is an aneuploidy-permissive condition that can fuel tumorgenesis. The tip-over hypothesis of cytotoxic therapy sensitivity proposes that therapy is effective if it pushes a cell's aneuploidy above a viable tipping point. But elevated aneuploidy alone may not account for this tipping point. Tissue microenvironments that lack sufficient resources to support tetraploid cells can explain the fitness cost of aneuploidy. Raw materials needed to generate deoxynucleotides, the building blocks of DNA, are candidate rate-limiting factors for the evolution of high-ploidy cancer cells. Understanding the resource cost of high ploidy is key to uncover its therapeutic vulnerabilities across tissue sites with versatile energy supplies.
Vaccination History and Risk of Lymphoma and Its Major Subtypes
Authors: Kleinstern Geffen , Larson Melissa C. , Ansell Stephen M. , Thompson Carrie A. , Nowakowski Grzegorz S. , Call Timothy G. , Robinson Dennis P. , Maurer Matthew J. , Mwangi Raphael , Feldman Andrew L. , Kay Neil E. , Novak Anne J. , Habermann Thomas M. , Slager Susan L. , Cerhan James R.
Published: November 2021

Background:

Vaccinations have been hypothesized to play a role in lymphoma etiology, but there are few studies, mixed results, and limited data on lymphoma subtypes. Herein, we investigate the association of vaccinations with risk of major lymphoma subtypes.

Methods:

We studied 2,461 lymphoma cases and 2,253 controls enrolled from 2002 to 2014. Participants self-reported history of vaccinations against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, yellow fever, and influenza. Polytomous logistic regression was used to estimate OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounders.

Results:

After multivariable adjustment, vaccination against influenza was inversely associated with lymphoma (OR = 0.82; 95% CI, 0.66–1.02), which was stronger for last vaccination 1+ years before enrollment (OR = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56–0.91) and for >5 influenza vaccinations (OR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.46–0.68). Ever vaccination against hepatitis A (OR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66–1.00) but not hepatitis B (OR = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.81–1.18) was associated with lymphoma risk, although more recent vaccinations were inversely associated with lymphoma risk for both hepatitis A (<6 years before enrollment, OR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.40–0.77) and hepatitis B (<9 years before enrollment, OR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55–0.93). Ever vaccination against yellow fever was inversely associated with risk (OR = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55–0.96), and this did not vary by time since last vaccination. Although there was no overall statistical evidence for heterogeneity of vaccination history by lymphoma subtype, the only statistically significant inverse associations were observed for influenza and yellow fever vaccinations with diffuse large B-cell and follicular lymphoma.

Conclusions:

Selected vaccinations were inversely associated with lymphoma risk, with time since last vaccination relevant for some of these vaccines.

Impact:

Vaccinations against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, yellow fever, and influenza are unlikely to increase lymphoma risk.
IFNγ Signaling in Natural and Therapy-Induced Antitumor Responses
Authors: Martínez-Sabadell Alex , Arenas Enrique J. , Arribas Joaquín
Published: November 2021

IFNγ is a cytokine produced by a restricted number of immune cells that acts on every nucleated cell type. Consistent with this remarkably wide spectrum of targets, the effects of IFNγ are highly pleiotropic. On cells of the immune system, IFNγ signaling has generally a pro-inflammatory effect, coordinating the innate and adaptive responses. On nonimmune cells, IFNγ tends to exert the opposite effect; it inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell death, and, in addition, promotes their recognition by the immune system. These effects on the immune and nonimmune compartments play a crucial role during the immunoediting of tumors and, as shown by recent reports, also determine the efficacy of certain immunotherapies. Different therapeutic interventions to target IFNγ signaling are currently under way, and the emerging picture indicates that rewiring IFNγ signaling, disrupted in some cancer cells, may be an efficacious antitumor therapeutic strategy.
O panorama do Rio de Janeiro de Victor Meirelles de Lima e Henri Charles Langerock: da interpretação histórica à experiência imersiva virtual em 360°
Authors: Souza Thiago Leitão de
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho é parte de um projeto de pesquisa em andamento do autor intitulado "A experiência imersiva em 360°: investigação, representação e imersão digital na cidade do Rio de Janeiro nos séculos XIX e XX", desenvolvido no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Urbanismo, na Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Este ensaio investiga o Panorama do Rio de Janeiro dos pintores Victor Meirelles de Lima (1832-1903) e Henri Charles Langerock (1830-1915) exposto nas cidades de Bruxelas em 1888, Paris em 1889 e no próprio Rio de Janeiro em 1891. Para tanto, o presente trabalho analisa minuciosamente os estudos originais remanescentes deste Panorama; estima por aproximação a localização dos pontos de vista dos dois pintores na cidade histórica do Rio de Janeiro; desenvolve uma interpretação da antiga imagem circular em 360° deste Panorama; e por fim, cria uma experiência virtual imersiva em 360° que alude à experiência pictórica e espacial original sugerida aos visitantes de suas exposições. A fim de alcançar este objetivo, são utilizados instrumentos de representação da Gráfica Digital tais como: desenhos à mão livre, pinturas e fotografias históricas, mapas, modelos geométricos, imagens geradas por computador, motores de jogos, vídeos e animações.
Correlações epigenéticas do câncer de boca e da doença periodontal
Authors: Dornelas Amanda Hastenreiter Costa , Luiz Karla de Andrade , Feyo Victória Boechat , Medeiros Yuri de Lima , Pereira Ana Carolina Alves , Azevedo Raissa Caputo de , Fabri Gisele Maria Campos
Published: November 2021

O objetivo deste artigo foi revisar a literatura em busca de possíveis inter-relações entre as alterações epigenéticas no câncer e na doença periodontal, alertando sobre uma potencial plausibilidade biológica. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão narrativa da literatura por meio de uma pesquisa nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed e SciELO pelos descritores “Epigenetic AND Periodontal disease”, “Epigenetic AND Oral cancer”, e “Epigenetic AND Periodontal disease AND Oral cancer”. A partir dessa busca, foram selecionados 56 artigos sobre o tema. As evidências científicas demonstram que a inflamação crônica ocasionada pela presença das bactérias periodontopatogênicas no biofilme dental é capaz de produzir modificações epigenéticas, como metilação do DNA e modificações de histonas. Essas alterações podem inibir genes supressores de tumor e ativar oncogenes, que contribuem para o desenvolvimento e a progressão do câncer de boca. Portanto, há indícios de que o mecanismo fisiopatológico envolvido nas alterações epigenéticas no câncer e na doença periodontal são semelhantes. Conclui-se que existe uma relação positiva entre essas duas doenças, sugerindo que a doença periodontal pode ser um potencial fator de risco para o câncer de boca.
(Re) discussão sobre as grandes áreas do conhecimento: crítica à epistemologia fundamental – ruminações
Authors: Thiesen Icleia
Published: November 2021

As áreas do conhecimento, tal como estão estruturadas nos sistemas de avaliação da ciência, no Brasil, são objeto de discussão de tempos em tempos, tanto pela comunidade científica, quanto pelas próprias agências de fomento – CNPq e CAPES. O artigo formula questões debatidas em seminário realizado no IEA/USP, em 2018, e tem por objetivo problematizar alguns aspectos pertinentes ao fazer científico, sobretudo no que se refere às Humanidades, foco de ameaças de grupos que negam ou desconhecem a importância histórica e social desses domínios do conhecimento que incluem, entre outros, os campos de estudos e pesquisas da literatura, da filosofia, da música, da história.
Alternative Lenses for Qualitative Religion Research: Interstitial, Inverted, and Dialogical Approaches
Authors: Hjelm Titus
Published: November 2021

This article explores new ways of looking at qualitative data in the study of religion. I call them the interstitial, inverted, and dialogical approaches. The interstitial approach provides an alternative to traditional triangulation by treating discrepancies between, say, self-reporting and observation of religious attendance not as a problem, but as an interstice where new information can be found. The inverted approach examines how discourses about “the other” – the other’s religion, in this case – enable researchers to analyze positive self-identifications, even when those are left unarticulated. Finally, the dialogical approach responds to a recurrent problem in qualitative religion research: researchers often assume that they ways in which people talk about religion have particular consequences. The dialogical approach enables researchers to demonstrate whether and how this is indeed so. The three approaches show how epistemological reframing – all three are, in different ways, constructionist approaches – enables novel thinking about “religion.”
Protective Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Hippocampal Neurons in Rats Anesthetized with Sevoflurane
Authors: Chen Li , Tang Tao , Zheng Xin , Xiong Ying
Published: November 2021

To explore effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on cognitive function and hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in rats anesthetized with sevoflurane (Sevo), and regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its downstream signaling. 30 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided
into control group inhaled 29% concentration oxygen), Sevo group (2 L/min oxygen flow +1.5% Sevo), Dex+Sevo group (after injection of 20 μg/kg Dex, treated with 2L/min oxygen flow+1.5% Sevo). Haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Nissl’s staining were adopted to detect morphological
and functional changes in hippocampus of rats. Apoptosis was detected by immunofluorescence, BDNF expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was conducted to detect mRNA expression of key proteins in downstream signaling of BDNF. The results showed
that Sevo induced apoptosis of hippocampus neurons, while Dex improved Sevo induced apoptosis. In contrast to the control, the positive expression of BDNF in hippocampus of Sevo group was notably decreased (P < 0.05), and that of Dex+Sevo group was notably higher in contrast to Sevo
group (P < 0.05). Signaling pathways of MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and Ras were predicted by String software as the downstream pathways of BDNF. RT-PCR results showed that these 3 signaling pathways were involved in Dex improving Sevo-induced cognitive impairment and hippocampal neuron apoptosis.
In conclusion, Dex could improve cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal neuron apoptosis in rats induced by Sevo, and the mechanism was related to upregulation of BDNF expression and activation of pathways of MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and Ras.
Soret and Dufour Effects on Hydromagnetic Flow of H2O-Based Nanofluids Induced by an Exponentially Expanding Sheet Saturated in a Non-Darcian Porous Medium
Authors: Singha A. K. , Seth G. S. , Bhattacharyya Krishnendu , Yadav Dhananjay , Verma Ajeet Kumar , Gautam Anil Kumar
Published: November 2021

Diffusion-thermo effect (Dufour effect) and thermal-diffusion effect (Soret effect) on an MHD flow through porous medium taking nanoparticles may be considered to be useful in many engineering problems when there is a species concentration along with the solid nanoparticles. To study
such an attracting problem, it is necessary to consider the flow to be single-phase. In the present investigation, the hydromagnetic flow of H2O-based nanofluids due to an exponentially expanding sheet saturated in non-Darcian porous material is examined with Dufour and Soret effects.
In addition, temperature and species concentration along the surface in flow distribution are considered to be variable exponentially. Two sorts of nanofluids are considered, to be specific, Cu–H2O and Ag–H2O. Use of proper similarity transformations transfers
the governing PDEs to coupled ODEs. Then the solutions of the coupled equations are computed by very efficient shooting method. Non-dimensionless velocity species concentration and temperature are introduced in graphical mode for several values of involved parameters. Out of several obtained
outcomes, it is noticeable that similar to the magnetic parameter and permeability parameter, due to increase in non-Darcy Forchheimer parameter velocity diminishes and while temperature and species concentration increments are witnessed. Due to presence of Dufour effect, temperature enhances
and similarly, the concentration increases for Soret effect. While due to Dufour effect, the concentration initially decreases, but away from surface it increases and similar behaviour is found for temperature in the case of Soret effect. Also, it is obtained that skin-friction coefficient
for Cu–H2O nanofluid is larger than it value for Ag–H2O nanofluid. Dufour effect turns into the reason for the reduction of Nusselt number and increment of Sherwood number for both nanofluids, but Soret effect affects the two nanofluids reversely. The analysis
and its findings provide some tools which may be applied in engineering and industrial problems.
Modified Arrhenius and Thermal Radiation Effects on Three-Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Flow of Carbon Nanotubes Nanofluids Over Bi-Directional Stretchable Surface
Authors: Upreti Himanshu , Pandey Alok Kumar , Rawat Sawan Kumar , Kumar Manoj
Published: November 2021

In the current study, 3D hydro-magnetic flow of CNTs-EG/EO/H2O nanofluids over bi-directional stretchable surface along with linear thermal radiation, modified Arrhenius, thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion are studied. The three base fluids i.e., EG (Ethylene Glycol),
EO (Engine Oil) and H2O are considered for the analysis. For computing the effective viscosity and thermal conductivity of nanofluid, Wang’s viscosity model and Hamilton-Crosser’s thermal conductivity model have been used. The system of transformed non-linear ODEs is
solved by shooting scheme. The comparison of heat transfer rate in CNTs-EG, CNTs-EO and CNTs-H2O nanofluids is depicted by bar diagrams. The outcomes of the present work showed that MWCNTs based nanofluids have a higher temperature gradient compared to that of SWCNTs based nanofluids.
Moreover, temperature distribution corresponding to the engine oil-based nanofluids declined at a very high rate followed by ethylene glycol and water-based nanofluids, respectively.
Telemedicine Video Follow-Up for Bariatric Surgery Patients: What Do Patients Prefer? A Prepandemic Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sada Alaa , Harmsen William S. , McKenzie Travis J. , Kellogg Todd A. , Ghanem Omar , Kendrick Michael L. , Habermann Elizabeth B.
Published: November 2021

While the safety of video follow-up in bariatric surgery is established, patients’ perception of telemedicine visits remained unknown. A randomized clinical trial evaluating patients’ perception of video postoperative follow-up (F/U) visits was conducted in the pre COVID-19 era. 24 patients were randomized in the preoperative clinic to receive either in-person or video F/U, and then surveyed about their experience and preference. The majority reported that if they had to do it over, they would prefer a video visit. Among those who received video visits, 11/12 reported that the lack of physical contact was acceptable. 82% of the video group expressed that their visit was better or as good as an in-person visit, while 9% were not sure, and 9% reported that video was worse. This finding suggests that postoperative video follow-up visits are acceptable among bariatric surgery patients and should be offered as an alternative to traditional visits.
Empowering the Fish Processor Community in West Java Province
Authors: Hudaya Yaya , Hubeis Aida Vitayala S. , Sugihen Basita G. , Fatchiya Anna
Published: November 2021

Indonesia is the largest archipelago country in the world accounting for over 17,000 islands. The West Java Province is one of the country’s 34 provinces and is an important fisheries production centre, owing to its abundance of fish resources. This annual catch of marine life and fish in this area is the source of livelihood of this area’s coastal communities. The fish processing business in West Java is done mostly by women. Any support to the household fish processing business improves the livelihood of local people, benefits the income of the coastal communities and the economy of Indonesia. A simple model of empowerment has been constructed that can be applied to these fishing communities to help them. By identifying external and internal variables, an analysis structural equation model (SEM) capable of simplifying multivariate data to empower home-based fish processors has been formulated. This research can strengthen the theory of community empowerment, pointing out the importance of extension programmes and formulating future strategies, especially in the field of fisheries.
Ewing Sarcoma of the Ethmoid Sinus in an Adult
Authors: Borrelli Michela , Shamsian Arash , Hopp Martin L. , Schenck Nicholas L.
Published: November 2021

Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma (EES) is a relatively rare primary tumor of the soft tissues predominantly affecting men in the second and third decades of life. They are a less common form of the cancerous growth known as an Ewing sarcoma, which occurs in bones or soft tissue such as cartilage. Head and neck ESS can require intervention including endoscopic sinus surgery, septoplasty, inferior turbinectomy, and left internal nasal valve repairs with septal cartilage This is a case report on an unusual presentation of ESS in the sinonasal region.
Swallowing After Primary TORS and Unilateral or Bilateral Radiation for Low‐ to Intermediate‐Risk Tonsil Cancer
Authors: Barbon Carly E.A. , Yao Christopher M.K. , Peterson Christine B. , Moreno Amy C. , Goepfert Ryan P. , Johnson Faye M. , Chronowski Gregory M. , Fuller Clifton D. , Gross Neil D. , Hutcheson Katherine A.
Published: November 2021

Objective

The primary course of treatment for patients with low‐ to intermediate‐risk tonsil cancer has evolved with a shift toward primary transoral robotic surgery (TORS) or radiation therapy (RT). While favorable outcomes have been reported after deintensification via unilateral TORS or RT (uniRT), comparisons of functional outcomes between these treatments are lacking. We compared clinical outcomes (Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity [DIGEST] and feeding tube [FT]) and patient‐reported swallowing outcomes (MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory [MDADI]) based on primary treatment strategy: TORS, uniRT, or bilateral RT (biRT).

Study Design

Secondary analysis of prospective cohort.

Setting

Single institution.

Methods

The study sample comprised 135 patients with HPV/p16+ T1‐T3, N0‐2b (American Joint Committee on Cancer, seventh edition), N0‐1 (eighth edition) squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil were sampled from a prospective registry. Modified barium swallow studies graded per DIGEST, FT placement and duration, and MDADI were collected.

Results

Baseline DIGEST grade significantly differed among treatment groups, with higher dysphagia prevalence in the TORS group (34%) vs the biRT group (12%, P =. 04). No significant group differences were found in DIGEST grade or dysphagia prevalence at subacute and longitudinal time points (P =. 41). Mean MDADI scores were similar among groups at baseline (TORS, 92; uniRT, 93; biRT, 93; P =. 90), subacute (TORS, 83; uniRT, 88; biRT, 82; P =. 38) and late time points (TORS, 86; uniRT, 86; biRT, 87; P =. 99). FT placement and duration significantly differed among primary treatment groups (FT [median days]: TORS, 89% [3]; uniRT, 8% [82]; biRT, 37% [104]; P <. 001).

Conclusion

While TORS and uniRT offer optimal functional outcomes related to dysphagia, results suggest that no measurable clinician‐graded or patient‐reported differences in swallow outcomes exist among these primary treatment strategies and biRT. Aside from baseline differences that drive treatment selection, differences in FT rate and duration by primary treatment strategy likely reflect diverse toxicities beyond dysphagia.
Long-distance texting: Text messaging is linked with higher relationship satisfaction in long-distance relationships
Authors: Holtzman Susan , Kushlev Kostadin , Wozny Alisha , Godard Rebecca
Published: November 2021

Due to the widespread use of smartphones, romantic couples can connect with their partners from virtually anywhere, at any time. Remote communication may be particularly important to long-distance relationships (LDRs), compared to geographically close relationships (GCRs). The goals of the current research were to examine differences between LDRs and GCRs in (1) the patterns of remote communication (video calls, voice calls, and texting), and (2) how frequency and responsiveness of remote communication are related to relationship satisfaction. Data were drawn from an online survey of emerging adults ( n = 647) who were in a relationship or dating someone (36.5% were in an LDR). Participants in LDRs engaged in more frequent video calling, voice calling and texting, compared to those in GCRs. Long-distance relationship participants also perceived their partners to be more responsive during video and voice calls, compared to GCR participants. More frequent and responsive texting predicted significantly greater relationship satisfaction among participants in LDRs, but not GCRs. Meanwhile, frequency of voice calls was associated with greater relationship satisfaction in GCRs, but not in LDRs. The use of video calls was not significantly related to relationship satisfaction in either group. Overall, study findings add to a growing literature on remote communication in romantic couples and suggest a uniquely positive role of texting within LDRs. Further research is needed to examine the ways in which LDR and GCR couples can best capitalize on different forms of remote technology to maintain their relationships during periods of separation.
Comparison of SHANK3 deficiency in animal models: phenotypes, treatment strategies, and translational implications
Authors: Delling Jan Philipp , Boeckers Tobias M.
Published: November 2021

Background

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition, which is characterized by clinical heterogeneity and high heritability. Core symptoms of ASD include deficits in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Many genes have been identified that are associated with an increased risk for ASD. Proteins encoded by these ASD risk genes are often involved in processes related to fetal brain development, chromatin modification and regulation of gene expression in general, as well as the structural and functional integrity of synapses. Genes of the SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains (SHANK) family encode crucial scaffolding proteins (SHANK1-3) of excitatory synapses and other macromolecular complexes.SHANKgene mutations are highly associated with ASD and more specifically the Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMDS), which is caused by heterozygous 22q13.3-deletion resulting inSHANK3-haploinsufficiency, or bySHANK3missense variants. SHANK3 deficiency and potential treatment options have been extensively studied in animal models, especially in mice, but also in rats and non-human primates. However, few of the proposed therapeutic strategies have translated into clinical practice yet.

Main text

This review summarizes the literature concerning SHANK3-deficient animal models. In particular, the structural, behavioral, and neurological abnormalities are described and compared, providing a broad and comprehensive overview. Additionally, the underlying pathophysiologies and possible treatments that have been investigated in these models are discussed and evaluated with respect to their effect on ASD- or PMDS-associated phenotypes.

Conclusions

Animal models of SHANK3 deficiency generated by various genetic strategies, which determine the composition of the residual SHANK3-isoforms and affected cell types, show phenotypes resembling ASD and PMDS. The phenotypic heterogeneity across multiple models and studies resembles the variation of clinical severity in human ASD and PMDS patients. Multiple therapeutic strategies have been proposed and tested in animal models, which might lead to translational implications for human patients with ASD and/or PMDS. Future studies should explore the effects of new therapeutic approaches that target genetic haploinsufficiency, like CRISPR-mediated activation of promotors.
Changes of cerebral cortical structure and cognitive dysfunction in “healthy hemisphere” after stroke: a study about cortical complexity and sulcus patterns in bilateral ischemic adult moyamoya disease
Authors: Liu Ziqi , He Shihao , Wei Yanchang , Duan Ran , Zhang Cai , Li Tian , Ma Ning , Lou Xin , Wang Rong , Liu Xiaoyuan
Published: November 2021

Background

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is an uncommon cerebrovascular disease which leads to progressive stenosis and occlusion of the bilateral internal carotid artery and main intracerebral arteries. Concerns are always on how the hemisphere with infarction affects cognitive function, while little attention is paid to the role that the non-infarcted hemisphere plays. Therefore, we aimed to detect cortical indexes, especially cortical complexity in the left or right hemisphere separately in patients with MMD after stroke.

Methods

28 patients with MMD (14 males, 14 females) and 14 healthy controls were included in this study. All participants underwent cognitive tests and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. The preprocessing of three-dimensional T1 weighted images were performed by standard surface-based morphometry. Surface-based morphometry statistical analysis was carried out with a threshold of False Discovery Rate (FDR) P < 0.05 and fractal dimension (FD) was used to provide a quantitative description of cerebral cortical complexity.

Results

Widespread cognitive dysfunctions were found in MMD patient with stroke. Extensive FD reduction in the left hemisphere with right-sided infarction, mainly in the superior temporal, inferior frontal, and insula, while the post central gyrus, superior parietal, and inferior parietal gyrus also showed a wide range of significant differences (FDR corrected P < 0.05). Meanwhile, FD changes in the right hemisphere with left-sided infarction are restricted to the precuneus and cingulate isthmus (FDR corrected P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Extensive cognitive impairment was reconfirmed in Moyamoya disease with stroke, while wild and asymmetrical decrease of cortical complexity is observed on both sides. These differences could be relative to unbalanced cognitive dysfunction, and may be the result of a long-term chronic ischemia and compensatory of the contralateral hemisphere to the infarction.
The bHLH transcription factor AhbHLH112 improves the drought tolerance of peanut
Authors: Li Chunjuan , Yan Caixia , Sun Quanxi , Wang Juan , Yuan Cuiling , Mou Yifei , Shan Shihua , Zhao Xiaobo
Published: November 2021

Background

Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) are one of the largest gene families in plants. They regulate gene expression through interactions with specific motifs in target genes. bHLH TFs are not only universally involved in plant growth but also play an important role in plant responses to abiotic stress. However, most members of this family have not been functionally characterized.

Results

Here, we characterized the function of a bHLH TF in the peanut, AhHLH112, in response to drought stress. AhHLH112 is localized in the nucleus and it was induced by drought stress. The overexpression of this gene improves the drought tolerance of transgenic plants both in seedling and adult stages. Compared to wild-type plants, the transgenic plants accumulated less reactive oxygen species (ROS), accompanied by increased activity and transcript levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase). In addition, the WT plants demonstrated higher MDA concentration levels and higher water loss rate than the transgenic plants under drought treatment. The Yeast one-hybrid result also demonstrates that AhbHLH112 directly and specifically binds to and activates the promoter of the peroxidase (POD) gene. Besides, overexpression of AhHLH112 improved ABA level under drought condition, and elevated the expression of genes associated with ABA biosynthesis and ABA responding, including AtNCED3 and AtRD29A.

Conclusions

Drawing on the results of our experiments, we propose that, by improving ROS-scavenging ability, at least in part through the regulation of POD -mediated H2O2 homeostasis, and possibly participates in ABA-dependent stress-responding pathway, AhbHLH112 acts as a positive factor in drought stress tolerance.