bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN ONE QUESTION ONE MINUTE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SISWA DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH IPA DI KELAS 9A SMP NEGERI 1 PENAJAM PASER UTARA
Authors: Hanafi Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran IPA melalui strategi one question one minute di kelas 9A SMP Negeri 1 Penajam Paser Utara Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas, data yang diperoleh melalui pengamatan dan dokumentasi. Data tentang respon minat, motivasi, dan hasil belajar dalam hal kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah IPA diperoleh melalui dari instrumen angket dan tes, selanjutnya di analisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) penerapan strategi one question one minute dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah IPA. 2) Respon siswa berupa minat dan motivasi model ARSC di kategorikan cukup baik. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan strategi pembelajaran one question one minute dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah IPA. Hal ini terlihat dari peningkatan nilai siswa yang lulus sesuai KBM yang ditetapkan oleh guru.
STUDI KASUS KESULITAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS I, II & III DI SD NEGERI 009 BALIKPAPAN SELATAN
Authors: Safitri Mely , Casmudi Casmudi , Pratama Ryan Angga
Published: June 2020

Matematika merupakan sarana untuk memecahkan masalah dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sehingga perlu dikuasai dengan baik, namun sebagian besar siswa mengganggap bahwa matematika adalah pelajaran yang sulit, khususnya kelas I, II & III di SD Negeri 009 Balikpapan Selatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kesulitan belajar siswa, faktor-faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa dan hambatan dalam mengenali penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa di SD Negeri 009 Balikpapan Selatan. Penelitian ini adalah adalah penelitian yang bersifat kualitatif dengan subjek 9 siswa yang terindikasi kesulitan belajar matematika dan 3 guru kelas untuk membimbing dan mendampingi siswa. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kesulitan yang dialami siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika yaitu, kesulitan memahami konsep, kesulitan dalam keterampilan perhitungan, kesulitan memecahkan masalah, kesulitan memahami simbol, dan penggunaan proses yang keliru. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar faktor internal diantaranya, sikap belajar matematika siswa, minat belajar matematika siswa, motivasi belajar matematika siswa dan kemampuan penginderaan serta kesehatan tubuh. Faktor eksternal diantaranya penggunaan media pembelajaran, sarana dan prasarana sekolah, dan lingkungan keluarga. Hambatan dalam mengenali penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa adalah lingkungan sekolah serta motivasi dan sikap.
PENGARUH PERILAKU ASERTIF DAN PERCAYA DIRI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR EKONOMI SISWA
Authors: Meli Herlina , Nur'aini Tri Astuti , Yuliani Tutik
Published: June 2020

Banyak sekali faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi hasil belajar siswa, diantaranya yaitu perilaku assertif dan percaya diri siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh masing-masing perilaku asertif dan percaya diri terhadap hasil belajar ekonomi. Selain itu juga untuk mengetahui secara bersamaan pengaruh perilaku asertif dan percaya diri terhadap hasil belajar ekonomi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang bersifat kuantitatif. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara simple random sampling. Populasi penelitian yaitu 168 siswa kelas XI IPS di SMA Negeri 7 Balikpapan dengan sampel penelitian 50 siswa dari lima kelas XI IPS yang tersedia. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan teknik penyebaran kuesioner dan studi dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini metode kuesioner digunakan untuk memperoleh informasi dari responden mengenai perilaku asertif dan kepercayaan diri. Adapun studi dokumentasi untuk mengetahui hasil belajar ekonomi siswa. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji t dan uji F. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat pengaruh perilaku asertif (X1) maupun percaya diri (X2) terhadap hasil belajar ekonomi. Selain itu terdapat pengaruh secara bersamaan antara perilaku asertif dan percaya diri terhadap hasil belajar ekonomi.
KONDISI REAL PEMBELAJARAN DI KELAS
Authors: Casmudi Casmudi
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kondisi real pembelajaran dalam kelas. Penelitian dilakukan pada 23 sekolah yang terdiri dari SMA dan SMK di Balikpapan, penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu penelitian Tindakan Sekolah. Kondisi real yang ada pada sekolah SMA dan SMK di Balikpapan, fasilitas tempat duduk dan meja di kelas sudah cukup menunjang anda untuk belajar, luas ruangan belajaran anda cukup memadai, sehingga leluasa belajar, fasilitas presentasi guru cukup memadai untuk kelancaran belajar, penerangan umum di ruang kelas membantu membaca dan menulis, tayangan PPT yang dipresentasikan guru cukup jelas di baca, suhu udara di kelas cukup lancar sirkulasi udaranya, ruang kelas anda setiap hari masuk dirasakan bersih, warna dan ornamen ruang kelas cukup nyaman rasakan dalam belajar di kelas, ruang kelas cukup dialiri dengan listrik untuk kebutuhan belajar, di ruang kelas cukup di sediakan alat – alat peraga pelajaran, formasi tempat duduk di kelas membuat tidak jenuh, suasana tempat duduk berubah tiap saat lantai kelas cukup sehat, dapat dirasakan bebas dari serangga yang mungkin bisa mengganggu konsentrasi, penataan barang dan ornamen di kelas sudah cukup enak dipandang mata setiap hari, serta iklim yang nyaman akan menghilangkan kecanggungan siswa, baik sesama guru maupun antar siswa sendiri. Hal ini juga bisa mendorong siswa untuk mengajukan pertanyaan, sehingga komunikasi antara pendidik dan anak didik dapat terbangun.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS BERITA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) PADA SISWA KELAS VIII-C SMP SWASTA IMELDA MEDAN
Authors: Sipayung Sanjuwita , Syahfitri Dian
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil pembelajaran kemampuan menulis teks berita menggunakan model pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) pada siswa kelas VIII-C SMP Swasta Imelda Medan Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Model Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) pengembangan dari model pembelajaran diskusi dan merupakan bagian dari model pembelajaran kooperatif. Dalam konteks pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) diterapkan dengan membentuk kelompok untuk memulai proses pembelajaran. Alasan yang mendasari dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu kurangnya sarana dan prasarana mengakibatkan kemampuan menulis teks berita menjadi relatif rendah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini guru Bahasa Indonesia dan siswa kelas VIII-C SMP Swasta Imelda Medan. Hasil yang ditemukan adalah adanya peningkatan hasil pembelajaran kemampuan menulis teks berita menggunakan model Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) setelah melalui dua siklus dengan rincian peningkatan dari 65,94% yang tuntas menjadi 83,27%.
PENINGKATAN PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK MENULIS PANTUN BERBANTUAN PENDEKATAN SCIENTIFIC PADA SISWA KELAS V SDN 002 SAMARINDA TAHUN AJAR 2016/2017
Authors: Septika Hety Diana , Ilyas Mohammad
Published: June 2020

This research is motivated by the difficulty of applying writing learning in the 2013 curriculum which experiences gaps. The difficulty of applying K13 with the many assessments in K13 has made teachers reluctant to use K13 learning. Learning Indonesian in K2013 has an important role, one of which is writing skills. One of the skills taught in elementary schools is poetry writing. Poetry writting is important to be taught because in addition to being a cultural heritage, it also needs to be preserved and known by children especially Elementary School.
Importance of the Mental Preparation for Competition Among Young Athletes
Authors: Borók Orsolya , Bácsné Bába Éva
Published: June 2020

The mental preparation of athletes for competition has become more appreciated. In this paper, we asked young athletes in Hungarian team sports about their experiences and expectations in mental preparation. In the research, we used an online questionnaire where 165 valuable responses were received. Most of the respondents were women, between 15-24 years of age, high school and college graduates, with urban background. Almost 90% of respondents have been confronted an obstacle with a negative impact on performance in sports before. Most athletes know well the activities of sports psychologists, however, only 10% of them have been mentally trained so far, while 70% of them would need it. Those sports associations achieve more successful results in the talent management, where sports psychologist was involved in the assessment of young children. Based on these, sports organizations should use a sports psychologist, because it could help achieve better sports performance for players and teams.
Impact of European Youth Basketball League (EYBL) on the Development of the U16 Men’s Basketball Teams
Authors: Dara Lilla Csenge , Bácsné Bába Éva
Published: June 2020

The main focus of our research was the U16 age group since it is one of the most significant in terms of the young athlete’s future - probably professional - career. It was very helpful in research that this age group was a priority in the Basketball Academy of Debrecen’s program and they were competing in an international basketball league, in the European Youth Basketball League (EYBL). Thanks to the EYBL tournaments we have got a chance to analyze this youth category completely. For primer research we have chosen three teams, two Hungarian, and one Italian, to get an impression why is so important to play basketball at the international level in this age.  We have made interviews with the coaches, organizers and the manager of the league to have an international comparison of this age group.
Investigation on the Immunological Effects of Regular Physical Activity
Authors: Berki Alexandra Réka , Arany Attila Csaba , Jámbor Ilona , Szabó Krisztina , Mile Marianna , Makra Gabriella , Csiki Zoltán , Balogh László , Papp Gábor
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Effects of physical activity on immune functions may largely depend on the type of activity, its intensity and duration. However, little information is available regarding the immunological effects of sporting activities in older ages.

The aim of our study was to examine the changes in a wide spectrum of lymphocyte subtypes after a period of regular workout among healthy women of different ages.

Methods: In our study, we enrolled 16 elderly women (between ages of 60-75 years) formerly not engaged in regular physical activity, who took part in lightweight conditioning gymnastic exercise program. Eight young athletes and 26 young adults with sedentary lifestyle served as controls. The percentages of peripheral NK, NKT cells, T and B lymphocyte subtypes were determined by flow cytometry based on the staining of extracellular markers and intracellular cytokines.

Results: Lymphocyte subgroups did not differ between the groups of young athletes and young adults with sedentary lifestyle. However, in elderly women, levels of NKT cells were lower, while ratios of T helper / T cytotoxic cells were higher compared to younger individuals. At the end of exercise program, in elderly women, percentages of naive B cells decreased, while levels of switched-memory B cells increased. Furthermore, proportions of Th2 cells increased, while levels of immunosuppressive CD4+CD127-CD25bright Treg cells decreased as the result of regular exercise.

Conclusion: Differences observed after lightweight exercise programs reflect a presumably enhanced immunoreactivity and increased ability for immune responses in older ages.
DEMENCIA ÉS A FIZIKAI AKTIVITÁS KAPCSOLATÁNAK VIZSGÁLATA IRODALOMELEMZÉSSEL
Authors: Donka Dorottya Bianka , Balogh László
Published: June 2020

Bevezetés: Számos kutatás bizonyítja már, hogy a fizikai aktivitás és a kognitív képességek között van kapcsolat. Kutatásunk célja ebből következően, hogy a kognitív hanyatlás (demencia) kapcsolatát vizsgálja a fizikai aktivitással.

Módszer: A kutatás műfaja másodlagos irodalomelemzés volt. A szakirodalmi áttekintés elsősorban nemzetközi tudományos oldalokon megjelent cikkekből lett gyűjtve strukturális szempontok alapján.

Eredmény: Összesen 11 review-t vizsgáltunk meg a demencia és a fizikai aktivitás kapcsolatát vizsgálva, melyek 217 cikket foglalnak magukban. A kutatások alátámasztották a hipotézisünket, miszerint a rendszeres testmozgás pozitív hatással van a demencia megelőzésére, hiszen csökkenti a demencia kockázatát.

Következtetés: Érdemes lenne tovább vizsgálni, hogy mely testmozgások, milyen ismétlésszámmal, és intenzitással érik el a legkedvezőbb eredményeket a demencia kockázatának csökkentésére, vagy a már kialakult demencia folyamatának lassítására.
EXAMINATION ON THE CHOICE OF SPORT, SELECTION AND TALENT IDENTIFICATION IN THE HUNGARIAN LITERATURE
Authors: Dienes Balázs Imre , Bernáth Gréta Andrea , Bíró Melinda
Published: June 2020

A tehetségek felkutatásának és kiválasztásának egyik fő indítéka egy-egy sportág sikerességének a hosszú távú biztosítása. A sportág kiválasztásának szempontjait, valamint a sportágválasztás indítékait, szerencsére ma már egyre több szakember kutatja. A beválás kérdéskörével viszont már kevesebben foglalkoznak. A tanulmány egyfelől a sportágválasztás indítékainak vizsgálatával, és az azt befolyásoló tényezőkkel foglalkozik, valamint a beválás kérdéskörével a hazai kutatások eredményeire alapozva.
The Effect of Proprioceptive Training on Core Muscles Strength and Single Leg Balancing Ability in Youth Soccer Players
Authors: Kovács Miklós , József Márton Pucsok
Published: June 2020

Core stability and the ability to balance have both a critical role in today’s modern soccer. Majority of injuries originated from the weakness and inefficient strength of core musculature and the kinetic chain. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of a three month proprioceptive training programme on core stability and the ability to balance. We hypothesized that both of the skills might improve by the end of the 12-week exercise program. We set up a group involving 15 players, who regularly participated in a weekly 40 minutes special proprioceptive training routine. The control group hasn’t attended any additional strengthening workout session. The youngsters executed a fitball balancing task, in a seated position, and the so-called Stork-test.  Before the 3-month exercise program, we implemented a pre-, at the end of the program a post-test. According to our results, we may conclude that we had measured a significant difference only in the Fitball-test when players executed the single leg balancing test (Stork-test), we haven’t observed any significant difference.
Symbolism Over Substance: The Role of Adversarial Cross-Examination in Campus Sexual Assault Adjudications and the Legality of the Proposed Rulemaking on Title IX
Authors: Davis Hunter
Published: June 2020

Traditionally, it has been understood that campus sexual assault adjudications need not take on the formalities of the justice system. Since the consequences faced in campus adjudications are considerably less than punishments faced in the justice system, less process is owed under the Due Process Clause. However, in September 2018, the Sixth Circuit reconceived what constitutes due process in campus sexual assault adjudications in the case of Doe v. Baum. The court found that in cases involving conflicting narratives at public universities, the accused or his agent must have the ability to cross-examine his accuser in the presence of a neutral factfinder. On November 29, 2018, the Department of Education took Baum several steps further in a proposed rulemaking on Title IX, mandating cross-examination in all campus sexual assault cases at both public and private universities.

In this Comment, I argue that the proposed rulemaking on Title IX goes too far, misinterpreting the case law and the dictates of due process, while neglecting empirical evidence and foreseen adverse consequences. I argue that the proposed rulemaking misinterprets case law—most notably the recent Baum decision— by failing to appreciate important limits to the scope of compulsory cross-examination. I also unpack the vast negative implications of the proposed rulemaking, including drops in reporting rates and considerable institutional costs. As a result of these legal shortcomings and practical implications, I argue that the proposed rulemaking fails to pass the Mathews balancing test. As universities, the federal government, and courts determine how best to adjudicate campus sexual assault allegations, all efforts must be taken to minimize trauma to the victim, safeguard the rights of the accused, and protect the financial viability of educational institutions.
The diagnosis of chronic inducible urticarias
Authors: Borzova E Yu
Published: June 2020

Chronic inducible urticarias are characterized by the risks of systemic reactions and a significant impairment of patient’s quality of life. The diagnosis of chronic inducible urticarias relies on the patient’s history and the challenge tests. A treatment algorithm for the management of chronic inducible urticarias includes nonsedating antihistamines as a first-line treatment. The international guidelines for the management of chronic inducible urticarias recommend updosing of nonsedating antihistamines up to four fold if standard doses are not effective. The meta-analysis suggests the efficacy of omalizumab in chronic inducible urticarias. In the prospect, the novel options of biological therapy for chronic inducible urticarias are expected.
Features of asthma treatment during pregnancy
Authors: Lavrova O V , Petrova M A , \\Fedoseev G B
Published: June 2020

Study goal. To analyse asthma therapy in pregnant women with bronchial asthma at a period since 2002 to 2017. Materials and methods. 3890 pregnant women with asthma were examined and followed up during pregnancy at a period since 2002 to 2017. Comprehensive clinicalfunctional examination was conducted. Patients were under surveillance of the obstetriciangynecologist during the whole pregnancy, standard procedures were carried out, and the frequency of complications of pregnancy was estimated. Basic therapy of asthma was compared in groups with the persistent asthma duration, followed up since 2002 to 2009 (1 group) and since 2010 to 2017 (2 group). Also, frequency of pregnancy complications was estimated in these groups. Results. The second group (2010-2017) demonstrated reliably lower frequency of threatening abortion, hypertension and preeclampsia. At the same time the frequency of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) administration as a part of the combined therapy increased from 21.79% to 63.87% (almost to three times) in comparison with the first group (2002-2009). Conclusions. Combined therapy with ICS/LABA provides most complete control of bronchial asthma, and decreases frequency of pregnancy complications in pregnant women with BA.
Actual directions and medical and social problems in clinical allergology: allergens, hidden allergens, food additives, GMO
Authors: Luss L V , Ilina N I
Published: June 2020

Global problems affecting all the human kind also affect healthcare, including clinical allergology and immunology, especially in the changing climate and environment conditions. The consequence of these problems is the increase of allergic diseases and immune deficiencies prevalence and severity in the world, as well as the increase in the number and role of «hidden» and the emergence of «new» allergens, the increase in the consumption of food additives, genetically modified foods, etc. In a changing climate and environmental degradation, there is a change in the concentration and role of air pollutants, a change in the composition and properties of pollen as well as household, epidermal, infectious and insect allergens. Climate change and environmental degradation are one of the reasons for the increase of the allergic diseases onset among the elderly and seniors, and for the negative impact on the development mechanisms, course and prognosis of allergy - and immunopathology. All this requires an integrated approach to solve the interrelation problems of health, ecology, climate, etc., and the creation of a global strategy program for new therapeutic approaches and prevention of allergic diseases and immunodeficiency states.
Evolutionary background of allergic reactivity: mast cells, FcεRI, IgE - three components of the effector phase of the allergic response
Authors: Gushchin I S
Published: June 2020

The literature data on the evolution of the main obligatory participants in the effector phase of the IgE-mediated allergic response are presented: mast cells/basophils, immunoglobulin E, and high affinity receptor for the Fcε fragment (FcεRI). Allergic reactivity is considered as the most recent evolutionary immunologically-mediated acquisition of mammals. It is aimed at recognizing small amounts of allergen entering the body in a certain time regime, and organizing an allergen-specific inflammation that carries features of elimination function. The most biologically justified way to prevent allergies is to restore the function of barrier systems and, accordingly, to prevent the need to develop an allergic response.
Risk factors of bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease and «OVERLAP» syndrome asthma-COPD among adults in Ekaterinburg
Authors: Abdullaev V C , Beltyukov E K , Naumova V V
Published: June 2020

Topicality. Prevalence of bronchial asthma (BA) and COPD achieves in different countries 18 and 20% respectively. The prevalence of «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD in Russia is unknown. Objective. To determine the prevalence ofBA, COPD and «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD. Materials and methods. The study included a survey using a specially developed questionnaire to identify asthma-like symptoms (ALS), risk factors for BA, COPD, and the definition of FEV^ FEV^FVC in adults in Ekaterinburg. Results. The study has revealed that the risk factors for developing ALS are exposure to tobacco smoke and age over 40 years. The impact of allergens and family history of allergy are less significant. Decrease of spirometry indices is associated with smoking, age over 40 years and the presence of ALS. The diagnostic criteria for the «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD were developed based on the answers to the questionnaire on ALS, risk factors and the results of the screening spirometry. Conclusions. Preliminary prevalence ofBA, COPD, «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD and actual risk factors have been established in Ekaterinburg in 2018. Unfavorable situation with prevalence of smoking in Ekaterinburg has been showing.
Features of in vivo diagnostics of delayed drug hypersensitivity to beta-lactams
Authors: Romanova T S , Myasnikova T N , Latysheva T V
Published: June 2020

Background. Beta-lactams are the most widely used group of antibacterial agents. They are used for treating of infectious complications of varying severity, including urgent situations. The exclusion of the entire beta-lactam group not only leads to a significant increase in the cost of treatment, length of hospitalization and the formation of resistance of the flora to alternative antibiotics, but also may be life threatening in some cases. Therefore, correct diagnosis and establishement of the offending medication can prevent the development of allergic reactions and to avoid unreasonable lifelong bans on the use of certain medications, which often lead to a decrease of the effectiveness of treatment and increase its cost. The aim of the study was to develop the diagnostic and management algorithm and of of patients with presumptive diagnosis of delayed drug hypersensitivity to beta-lactams. Materials and methods. A comprehensive in-depth examination, including in vivo tests with beta-lactams was done in 53 patients (37 - 70% women, and 16 - 30% men) with a presumptive diagnosis of delayed drug hypersensitivity to beta-lactams. The minimum age at the time of the reaction was 4 years, the maximum age was 86 years, the average age was 37 years,the median was 38,5 years old. The minimum age at the time of testing was 6 years, the maximum age was 89 years, the average age was 44 years, median was 44 years old. Results. In the group of patients with delayed drug hypersensitivity to beta-lactams (n=21) the diagnosis was confirmed by skin testing in 19 (90,5%) patients, in 18 (85,7%) to aminopenicillins, and 1 (4,8%) to ceftriaxone. In 2 (9,5%) cases, the diagnosis was established using a drug provocation test: for amoxicillin (4,8%) and for ceftriaxone (4,8%). According to the obtained data, the specificity of skin tests for the diagnostics of delayed drug hypersensitivity to beta-lactams was 100%. In case of delayed drug hypersensitivity to aminopenicillins, the sensitivity of skin tests was 94,7%, the negative predictive value of skin tests was 93,7%, the overall accuracy of skin testing was 97%, and the incidence of false-negative results was 5,3%. Conclusion. Skin testing is promising and safe in the diagnositics of delayed drug hypersensitivity to beta-lactams. It allows to exclude unreasonable contraindications for the use of beta-lactams, thereby increasing the effectiveness of treatment while reducing economic costs.
New European urticaria guideline. What’s new?
Authors: Danilycheva I V
Published: June 2020

Urticaria is a disease which symptoms are caused by the activation and degranulation of the mast cells (MC). Urticaria and angioedema persisting for more than 6 weeks is concerning to be the chronic form of the disease (CU). Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is the most common subtype of CU and has a great negative impact on all aspects of the patient’s life, causing a decreasing a quality of life, as a burden for a health system and society as a whole. In the present version of the conciliatory document diagnostic approaches in CSU have three goals: to make a differential diagnosis; to evaluate an activity of the disease, its control and the impact on the patient’s life; to identify the triggers of exacerbation or, if possible, the causes of a disease. A basic assessment of disease activity (UAS, AAS), quality of life (CU-Q2oL, AE-QoL) and disease activity control (UCT) are necessary for decisionmaking in the treatment of patients with CSU, better understanding of the disease burden, and documentation improvement and standardization. The aim of a treatment of patients with CSU is the complete control of the symptoms. A therapy should be performed by steps. On the first step a 2nd generation of Hj-antihistamines in standard doses has to be applied. In case of unresponsiveness a dose step-up up to 4 times is recommended, at the third step omalizumab is advised, at the fourth step (inefficiency of omalizumab) - cyclosporine. At any step, it is possible to use a short term course of glucocorticosteroids to set back an exacerbation.
Actual approach towards antihistamine medication choice in clinical practice. Itching dermatoses in focus
Authors: Tataurshchikova N S
Published: June 2020

Modern antihistamines are a widely prescribed and demanded class of medicines. The first line of choice drugs in the treatment of itchy dermatoses are active metabolites. Considering the fact of this medication group high effectiveness and safety, it is rather hard to make a correct choice. Key positions in clinical practice taken by cetirizine and levocetirizine. Preference in choosing between cetirizine or levocetirizine is determined bythe indications given in the instructions for use, the spectrum of the comorbid respiratoryallergopathology (allergic rhino conjunctivitis, bronchial asthma), the patient’s age, the results of observational studies (the possibility of preventing severe allergieswith long-term use of cetirizine). It is possible to replace one drug with another, taking into account the rational pharmacotherapy positionsin each case. The strong position taken by generics, equivalent to the original drugs Cetrine and Allerway.
Class of leukotriene drugs in treatment of allergic rhinitis [Consensus document LIRA Leukotrienes and Allergic Rhinitis (LIRA, Leukotrienes Impact on Rhinitis Allergic)]
Authors: Kurbacheva O M , Lopatin A S
Published: June 2020

An expert meeting «Place of Leukotriene receptor antagonists in treatment of Allergic Rhinitis» took place under the auspices of Russian Association of Allergists and Clinical Immunologists and Russian Rhinologic Society. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory disorder and it’s based on many cells and mediators release as well as CysLT. Montelukast is a selective leukotriene receptor antagonist, CysLT1 selective inhibitor (cysteine receptors of LTC4, LTD4, LTE4). Consensus document (Expert Statement LIRA (Leukotrienes Impact on Rhinitis Allergic) describes AR therapeutic treatment approaches for achieving AR symptoms control and patient adherence improvement.
Anaphylaxis in infants
Authors: Esakova N V , Konjukova N G
Published: June 2020

Anaphylaxis is defined as a serious generalized allergic or hypersensitivity reaction that is rapid in onset and might cause death. Number of patients with anaphylaxis is increased over the last years in all age groups. However, data of anaphylaxis in infants is limited. The knowledge of anaphylaxis in this group of patients is based only on the description of clinical case-report, a retrospective analysis of registers for severe allergic reactions of emergency treatment units. However, children of the first years of life are extremely vulnerable and they have clinical features of the development of anaphylaxis. This article summarizes information on various aspects of anaphylaxis in infants.
Subcutaneous immunoglobulin for treatment of patients with primary immunodeficiencies: review of the literature and personal experience
Authors: Rodina Y A , Abramova I N , Shcherbina A Yu
Published: June 2020

Substitution with normal human immunoglobulin is a golden standard of primary immunodeficiencies therapy. Subcutaneous immunoglobulins, especially delivered via «rpid push» method are gaining popularity among patients and treating physician since at home infusions allow to reduce treatment costs and increase patients’ quality of life. Here we report first Russian experience of subcutaneous infusion of Gamunex®-C immunoglobulin, in four patients with primary immunodeficiencies, performed by their parents via «rapid push» method at home. No systemic reactions have been reported, Gamunex®-C treatment prevented severe infections and allowed adequate average serum IgG levels (10,1 g/l while on subcutaneous infusions in comparison with 8,5 g/l while on intravenous immunoglobulin).
Features of diagnosis of hymenoptera venom allergy
Authors: Shabanov D V , Fedoskova T G , Martinov A I , Ukhanova O P , Fedoseeva V N , Mislavskiy O V
Published: June 2020

The article describes the experience and results of research in the field of allergy to insects, in particular to venom of Hymenoptera. The aspects of diagnostic algorithms of cases of hypersensitivity to insect stings are also presented and the results of research on this issue are described.
Place of levocetirizine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Glushkova E F , Shartanova N V
Published: June 2020

Levocetirizine is an effective Hj-blocker in complex treatment of various allergic patients. Allergic rhinitis is often part of a systemic allergic inflammation associated with other allergic diseases, therefore systemic antihistamines are the drugs of choice in it’s treatment.
Some features of the prevalence of respiratory allergy in southern Russia
Authors: Macharadze D Sh
Published: June 2020

The review article presents data on the prevalence of respiratory allergy - allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in southern Russia, published over the past decades. The dominant role of pollen allergy is shown in almost the entire southern region of Russia. In the Chechen Republic, sensitization to house dust mites and grass pollen was found in patients with respiratory allergy equally (51.1 and 52.5%, respectively), whereas ragweed and mugwort sensitization was 3 times less (26.6 and 20.7%, respectively) compared with the neighboring regions of southern Russia. These data demonstrate climate-geographical, environmental and other regional features in the prevalence of respiratory allergies.
Bronchial asthma in combination with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: epidemiology, prevalence and peculiarities of their relationship
Authors: Dyneva M E , Kurbacheva O M , Savlevich E L
Published: June 2020

Asthma in most cases is under control due to the success of modern pharmacotherapy. At the same time questions concerning the treatment of asthma and comorbidities like chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remain unresolved. Among the causes of СRSwNP formation a microbial aggression or an inadequate immune response (allergy) to various types of antigens (allergens) are considered. Congenital, individual characteristics and abnormalities of the corresponding anatomical structures are also cited as factors contributing to the development of CRSwNP. A functional integrated immunity system - the lymphoid tissue associated with the mucous membranes (MALT), infectious and allergic inflammation in the upper respiratory tract can significantly affect the lower respiratory tract and vice versa. Inflammation is the cornerstone of CRSwNP pathogenesis, that’s why understanding of inflammatory response will reveal the mechanisms of asthma severity in combination with CRSwNP.
Allergological and immunological parameters and effectiveness of treatment of timely and later diagnosed bronchial asthma in children
Authors: Fayzullina R M , Samigullina N V
Published: June 2020

Relevance. Timely diagnostics of bronchial asthma and the prescription of adequate therapy in children is an important problem at the present time. Purpose. To conduct a comparative analysis of clinical, immunological parameters, results of allergological examination and to evaluate the effectiveness of basic therapy in timely and late diagnosed bronchial asthma (BA) in children. Materials and methods. 155 children aged 5-15 years old with timely and late diagnosed mild persistent BA were under the observation. Modern immunological, allergological, functional diagnostic methods were used. Results. It was proved that late diagnosis of the disease is characterized by polysensitization and significant immunological disorders. It was shown that timely prescription of anti-inflammatory basic therapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroid budesonid in BA children leads to a complete control of BA resulting in recovery of the lung function parameters; in late diagnostics more prolonged courses of treatment are required.
Effect of hypovitaminosis D on the activity of chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: Vitchuk A V , Kovrigina N V , Aksenova S A , Slabkaya E V , Volkova E V , Bityutskaya V V , Meshkova R Ya
Published: June 2020

The aim of the study. To study the effect of hypovitaminosis D on the activity of CSU and the clinical efficacy of cholecalciferol in the complex therapy of patients with different baseline level of vitamin D metabolites. Methods. 48 CSU patients were included in the study - 20 patients in the main group, 28 in the comparison group. The control group consisted of 26 healthy donors. Patients with CSU of the main group regardless of the initial level of vitamin D were treated with non sedative antihistamines and an aqueous solution of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) at the dosage of 10,000 units/day. The course of treatment with cholecalciferol was 4 weeks. The concentration of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D was determined in the blood serum of patients before and after the treatment and in control group. The diagnosis of hypovitaminosis D was carried out on the basis of 25(OH)D concentrations
Current aspects of pimecrolimus application in clinical practice
Authors: Lvov A N
Published: June 2020

Modern aspects of patogenetic conception of neurogenic inflammation in immune associated dermatoses are presented in the article. On the basis of literature data and own experience important aspects of pimecrolimus application in atopic dermatitis and other dermatoses are reviewed.
Anti-IgE therapy for severe atopic asthma
Authors: Knyazheskaya N P , Belevskiy A S , Safoshkina E V
Published: June 2020

The first targeted drug that is used for patients with uncontrolled moderate and severe atopic asthma (BA) was anti-IgE drug omalizumab (Xolar®). This drug is prescribed to patients with moderate to severe atopic BA, which is not controlled by baseline therapy corresponding to stage 4 (level of evidence A). Clinical studies have convincingly demonstrated that in patients with severe asthma requiring treatment with high doses of inhaled corticosteroids or oral glucocorticosteroids, treatment with Xolar® reduces the frequency of exacerbations of BA, reduces the severity of asthma and allows for steroid-dependent BA to cancel or significantly reduce the dose of systemic corticosteroids. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effect of the drug has been proven. Studies in recent years provide more and more data on the positive impact of omalizumab on the remodeling of the respiratory tract.
Giving Speaking Practice in Self-Access Mode a Chance
Authors: Dofs Kerstin
Published: June 2020

Finding resources and activities which will interest students and promote speaking in a self-access resource can be challenging. This article describes how the School of English at Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology (CPIT), Christchurch, New Zealand, works to enable speaking practice in their Language Self Access Centre (LSAC). The activities which students are encouraged to do were produced consequent to research and an examination of good practice world-wide within the field of autonomy in language learning. The article will explore some basic design principles and conditions which were followed with the aim of creating maximal “comprehensible outputs” for speaking (Anderson, Maclean & Lynch, 2004), and, at the same time, creating conditions for these speaking tasks which would optimise development of autonomous language use (Thornbury, 2005). This is followed by an analysis of how the resources provided in a designated speaking area in the LSAC fulfil these principles and conditions, and how they may foster autonomous learning.
Principles: Establishing the Foundation for a Self-Access Curriculum
Authors: Lammons Elizabeth
Published: June 2020

This third installment of the regular column documenting the curriculum development project taking place at the Self-Access Learning Centre (SALC) at Kanda University of International Studies (KUIS), Japan, focuses on the third stage in Nation and Macalister’s framework, namely Principles. While the previous installment (Takahashi et al., 2013) focused on establishing a clear understanding of student needs, essentially the “what”, or the content of the curriculum, this stage focuses on establishing guiding principles for the “how”: the format, sequencing of content and assessment procedures to be developed.

In this installment, Elizabeth Lammons explains the process of deciding these principles, and how they were then used to evaluate the existing curriculum. The results of this evaluation allow the learning advisors to have a clear understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of the current content and delivery model, which will prove invaluable in the re-development process, which will also be guided by these principles. A copy of the principles in full is available in the Appendix.
Framing the Picture: A Preliminary Investigation into Experts’ Beliefs about the Roles and Purposes of Self-Access Centres
Authors: Navarro Diego
Published: June 2020

This paper presents results from phase one of a large-scale, two-phase research project investigating self-access centre (SAC) experts’ (Centre Directors; Centre Managers; Centre Coordinators; Learning Advisors) beliefs about the roles and purposes of SACs. The project adopts both the fundamental assumptions and approaches of learner belief studies in SLA and teacher cognition research in education. However, it examines neither learners nor teachers; instead, all the participants are SAC practitioners. Phase one of the study begins by surveying, through an online questionnaire, the different beliefs these practitioners have about self-access learning and SAC practice. This paper describes how the data was collected and analysed, as well as selecting a few interesting findings to highlight the value of conducting beliefs study on SAC experts. The findings reported in this paper need to be triangulated with follow up interviews (phase two) in order to construct a more accurate understanding of the beliefs held by the participants. Therefore, any conclusions or implications regarding the relationship between practitioners’ beliefs and SAC practice remain incomplete. Nevertheless, the findings from phase one provide an insightful preliminary picture of the diversity of both practice and practitioner from SACs across the world and open up a valuable avenue for further discussion.
Piloting and Evaluating a Redesigned Self-Directed Learning Curriculum
Authors: Watkins Satoko , Curry Neil , Mynard Jo
Published: June 2020

In the fourth installment of the column following the self-directed learning curriculum development project at Kanda University of International Studies, Japan, Satoko Watkins, Neil Curry and Jo Mynard detail the process of conducting a pilot of a possible self-directed learning curriculum for freshmen students, that would meet the needs and principles established in the previous two installments. This pilot represents quite a shift for the learning advisors (LAs), as it would bring what has up until now been a largely self-study course into the mainstream classroom environment, taught by LAs. The installment offers an insight into the strengths and potential weaknesses of such a course, and how students responded to it.
Impact of static reactive power compensator (SVC) on the power grid
Authors: Rahmouni Abdelkader
Published: June 2020

The work presented in this paper is a contribution to the problem of controlling the reactive powers and the voltages in an electrical network. Among these control tools, the static reactive power compensator (SVC) has been chosen because of its simplicity of control. The SVC is among the FACTS 'Alternative Flexible Current Transmission Systems' devices that help to deal with problems encountered in the operation of electrical networks either in the distribution side or in the transport side. In this work, the SVC is used to control the reactive power and the voltage in an electric power transmission network. In order to improve its efficiency, three voltage regulation systems have been chosen in the control system of this compensator.
The Timbre Perception Test (TPT): A new interactive musical assessment tool to measure timbre perception ability
Authors: Lee Harin , Müllensiefen Daniel
Published: June 2020

To date, tests that measure individual differences in the ability to perceive musical timbre are scarce in the published literature. The lack of such tool limits research on how timbre, a primary attribute of sound, is perceived and processed among individuals. The current paper describes the development of the Timbre Perception Test (TPT), in which participants use a slider to reproduce heard auditory stimuli that vary along three important dimensions of timbre: envelope, spectral flux, and spectral centroid. With a sample of 95 participants, the TPT was calibrated and validated against measures of related abilities and examined for its reliability. The results indicate that a short-version (8 minutes) of the TPT has good explanatory support from a factor analysis model, acceptable internal reliability (α = .69, ωt = .70), good test–retest reliability (r = .79) and substantial correlations with self-reported general musical sophistication (ρ = .63) and pitch discrimination (ρ = .56), as well as somewhat lower correlations with duration discrimination (ρ = .27), and musical instrument discrimination abilities (ρ = .33). Overall, the TPT represents a robust tool to measure an individual’s timbre perception ability. Furthermore, the use of sliders to perform a reproductive task has shown to be an effective approach in threshold testing. The current version of the TPT is openly available for research purposes.
VEGA ARMENTERO, Remigio: ¿Loco o delincuente? Novela social contemporánea (1890), Edición de Pura Fernández. Texto fijado por Juan Pedro Gabino. Madrid, Celeste Ediciones, 2001, pp. 296
Authors: Puebla Consuelo
Published: June 2020

Reseña del libro "¿Loco o delincuente? Novela social contemporánea (1890)"
Examining Student Standpoint: Blended Learning as a Beneficial Teaching Approach
Authors: Naidu Prashalini , Razali Farah Idayu
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the benefits of blended learning as a method and its contribution to teaching. It was discovered that blended learning isn’t just an ordinary teaching method but its usage reduces cost. Current Malaysian working environment and its employers demand certain skills and therefore Malaysian graduates are encouraged to be IT savvy and technology wise. Blended learning will help equip students with e-learning knowledge but it doesn’t take away their face to face interactions with their lecturers in class. Blended learning combines both the virtual and real class experience for students. This paper seeks to discover the benefits of blended learning from a student viewpoint by using focus groups. The outcome suggest that the student’s view blended learning as an effective approach for cost efficiency, to manage their study time, accessibility, promotes efficiency and also encourages e-learning.