bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efekat implicitne kauzalnosti kod dece i odraslih
Authors: Major Agota , Franco Fabia , Zotović Marija
Published: October 2019

Prvi cilj ovog rada je ispitati fenomen implicitne kauzalnosti kod dece i odraslih. Drugi cilj je ispitati značaj teorije uma, uzrasta i maternjeg jezika za javljanje efekta implicitne kauzalnosti. U ispitivanju je učestvovalo ukupno 212 ispitanika, od toga 128 ispitanika predškolskog uzrasta i 84 odrasla ispitanika srpskog i mađarskog maternjeg jezika. Lista stimulusa je obuhvatala glagole koji opisuju akciju i glagole koji opisuju stanje, ukupno18 glagola. Svi glagoli su se odnosili na interpersonalne relacije. Glagoli su prikazani u vidu proste interakcije: 'osoba A glagol osobu B'. Zadatak ispitanika je bio da pripišu kauzalnu odgovornost jednom od dva člana interakcije. Značaj teorije mišljenja, uzrasta i maternjeg jezika za javljanje efekta implicitne kauzalnosti ispitan je multivarijatnom analize varijanse za ponovljena merenja. Varijabla Uzrast (F(3,204)= 7.289; p< .01; Eta2= .097) ostvaruje statistički značajne efekte, dok je varijabla Maternji jezik u statistički značajnoj interakciji sa varijablom Uzrast (F(3,204)= 14.607; p< .001; Eta2= .087). Rezultati pokazuju da se trend odgovaranja odraslih ispitanika razlikuje od načina na koji ispitanici predškolskog uzrasta pripisuju kauzalnost jednom ili drugom članu interakcije, međutim kod dece su uočljivi različiti obrazci odgovaranja i s obzirom na prisustvo teorije uma. Ispitanici predškolskog uzrasta sa teorijom mišljenja pokazuju trend odgovaranja koji je sličan načinu pripisivanja kauzalnosti kod odraslih. Na osnovu nalaza može se zaključiti da razvoj sposobnosti razumevanja i tumačenja implicitnih informacija koje su deo verbalne komunikacije zahteva izvesne sposobnosti razumevanja mentalnih stanja. Tek kada razvije teoriju uma, dete je sposobno da odgovornost za doživljaje i postupke pripiše jednom ili drugom članu interakcije.
Osobine ličnosti, životni događaji i anksioznost adolescenata
Authors: Marić Mia
Published: October 2019

Osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja jeste utvrđivanje doprinosa dimenzija ličnosti i životnih događaja predikciji simptoma anksioznosti kod adolescenata. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na uzorku od 300 adolescenta koji pripadaju nekliničkoj populaciji. U analizu su bili uključeni pokazatelji pet velikih dimenzija ličnosti- Neuroticizma, Ekstraverzije, Otvorenosti, Prijatnosti i Savesnosti, broj, vrsta i vremenski period javljanja životnih događaja i stresnih iskustava, i stepen manifestovanja simptoma anksioznosti kod adolescenata, u toku prethodnih nedelju dana. Kao konceptualni okvir poslužili su leksički model ličnosti ‘’Velikih pet’’, teorije životnih događaja, i teorijska razmatranja pojave negativnih afektivnih reakcija u adolescenciji. Životni događaji su se pokazali kao najbolji prediktori simptoma anksioznosti kod nekliničke populacije adolescenata. Najznačajniji doprinos pojavi ispitivanih emocionalnih reakcija daje ukupan broj događaja (b=.892; p=.000). Pored toga, hronični stresori su se pokazali kao nepovoljni po afektivno funkcionisanje mladih (b=.258; p=.001). Uz stresore koji se odnose na porodični kontekst (b=.375; p=.010), predikciji simptoma anksioznosti značajno doprinose i školski problemi (b=.191; p=.001). Od osobina ličnosti posebno se izdvojila dimenzija Prijatnosti (b=.247; p=.000). Pokazalo se da viši skorovi na ovoj dimenziji predviđaju nešto češću pojavu simptoma anksioznosti.
Jednakost merenja sposobnosti računarski podržanom i klasičnom formom testa
Authors: Janičić Bojan
Published: October 2019

U radu je ispitana ekvivalencija računarski podržane i klasične forme dva kognitivna testa: AL-4 (verbalni) i M-9 (neverbalni). Na uzorku od 238 ispitanika je ispitan i uticaj pola, starosti, nivoa obrazovanja, računarskog iskustva, računarske anksioznosti i anksioznosti kao stanja, na skorove ispitanika na dva modaliteta ispitivanih testova. Analiza strukture i rangova ispitanika na dva modaliteta nije dala rezultate na osnovu kojih bi se moglo zaključiti da li je promenom modaliteta testiranja došlo do promene predmeta merenja testova. Analizom skorova ispitanika nisu utvrđene razlike u modalitetima. Nije utvrđeno ni postojanje značajnog efekta interakcije posmatranih prediktora i modaliteta testiranja. Na osnovu toga zaključeno je da su dva modaliteta testiranja psihometrijski i iskustveno ekvivalentni.
STAVOVI RODITELJA PREDŠKOLSKE DJECE O RANOM UČENJU
Authors: Travar Marica Ž. , Spasojević Pero M.
Published: October 2019

Imajući u vidu pedagoški značaj uticaja sredine na rast i razvoj djece u ranom djetinjstvu najčešće se, kao ključni faktori, navode porodica i institucije za predškolsko vaspitanje i obrazovanje. U ovom radu autori se bave više djelovanjem porodice budući da se među roditeljima vrlo često uviđaju pogrešna uvjerenja o mogućnostima ranog učenja uopšte. Nepovjerenje roditelja u mogućnosti djelovanja na rast i razvoj ranim učenjem mogu biti pod uticajem različitih socio-demografskih varijabli, kulture obilježene tradicionalizmom i uopšte nasljeđem kulturnih obrazaca porodice iz prošlosti. S ciljem utvrđivanja stavova roditelja o ranom učenju, realizovali smo istraživanje na uzorku 150 roditelja čija djeca pohađaju vrtić - kako bismo identifikovali njihove stavove o ovom pitanju. Primijenjena metodologija odnosila se na otkrivanje razlika u stavovima roditelja o ranom učenju s obzirom na neka njihova socio-demografska obilježja koja su pod snažnim dejstvom kulturnog programa sredine. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da razlike u stavovima roditelja predškolske djece o ranom učenju - s aspekta pola, broja članova porodice, broja djece u porodici, redoslijeda rođenja djeteta u porodici i nivoa obrazovanja roditelja - nisu statistički značajne na ispitivanom uzorku. Dobijeni rezultati istraživanja upućuju na nekoliko važnih pedagoških implikacija koje su prikazane u radu.
DEČJA IGRA: PRILIKA ZA RAZVOJ SOCIO-EMOCIONALNIH VEŠTINA
Authors: Milošević Tamara M.
Published: October 2019

Nalazima brojnih istraživanja potvrđena je značajna povezanost između socio-emocionalne stabilnosti dece i opšteg uspeha u situacijama prilagođavanja u okvirima različitih socijalnih situacija, akademskog postignuća, pozitivnih efekata vaspitno-obrazovnog rada, mentalnog zdravlja i stabilnog funkcionisanja. Predškolski i školski period pružaju značajnu mogućnost za neometan razvoj socijalnih veština - komunikacije, empatije, saradnje, poštovanja pravila, konstruktivnog rešavanja problema, kao i sposobnosti prepoznavanja, razumevanja i prihvatanja svojih i tuđih emocionalnih doživljaja - emocionalnih veština. Jedan od načina podržavanja razvoja navedenih veština kod dece različitih uzrasta predstavlja domen dečje igre. U radu se razmatraju teorijski doprinos i praktične implikacije značaja i uloge dečje igre - sa svim kapacitetima i varijantama - na socio-emocionalni razvoj dece. Glavni zaključak rada odnosi se na činjenicu da igra predstavlja bazično i prirodno tlo za uspostavljanje i održavanje humanih i iskrenih odnosa doprinoseći razvoju i negovanju veština neophodnih za uspešan rast i razvoj dece.
KOCKANJE - ZABAVA ILI OPASNA OVISNOST?
Authors: Mikas Davor , Šimić Katarina , Rajič Ivana
Published: October 2019

Posljednjih godina istraživanja o kockanju sve su brojnija, a tema aktualnija zbog ozbiljnih posljedica (društevenih, obiteljskih, moralnih) koje uzrokuje. Cilj rada je ispitati učestalost i navike kockanja srednjoškolaca u Dubrovniku, te utvrditi postoji li povezanost između sociodemografskih obilježja ispitanika i učestalosti kockanja. U istraživanju su sudjelovala 162 učenika srednjih škola u Dubrovniku (gimnazije i srednje strukovne škole) pri čemu je zastupljenost mladića bila veća (N=106, 65,4%) u odnosu na djevojke (N=56, 34,6%). Kako bi odgovorili na postavljeni cilj, koristili smo dva instrumenta: Upitnik o općim sociodemografskim podacima i Upitnik aktivnosti kockanja.

Rezultati pokazuju kako je 78,4% učenika obuhvaćenih istraživanjem bar jednom u životu igralo igre na sreću (u bilo kojem obliku), a samo 21,6% sudionika nikad nije primjenjivao niti jedan oblik igara na sreću. Sportske kladionice (51,20%) predstavljaju najčešći oblik kockanja učenika u Dubrovniku. Zatim, slijede lutrijske igre kao što su Loto, Bingo i Eurojackpot (47,50%), dok je najmanje zastupljen rulet (21%). S obzirom na sociodemografske karakteristike uzorka, utvrđeno je kako učenici muškog spola kockaju više od vršnjakinja ženskog spola, te, s obzirom na vrstu škole koju pohađaju, utvrđeno je kako su učenici iz gimnazije manje skloni kockanju od učenika strukovne škole. Dobiveni rezultati mogu poslužiti kao smjernice za planiranje izrade preventivnih programa rizičnih ponašanja adolescenata.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Terhadap Dakwah Melalui Nasyid Modern (Studi pada Mahasiswa Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi UIN Raden Fatah Palembang)
Authors: Mohd Noh Muhammad Harith Bin
Published: October 2019

Nasyid merupakan satu cabang seni yang bersendi dan berpaksikan Islam karena mengandungi lirik yang merangkum pesanan, ingatan, kisah para nabi, seruan dakwah Islamiah dan meniupkan semangat dalam proses pembangunan bangsa dan negara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan terhadap Mahasiswa Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi UIN Raden Fatah Palembang yang sedang aktif kuliah. Populasi diambil dari 10-15% atau 20-25% sampel dari populasi 416, dengan menggunakan rumus solvin dengan ukuran 15%, jumlah responden adalah 40. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan (field research). Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, dokumentasi dan angket. Data yang diperoleh dari beberapa metode tersebut dianalisis menggunakan spss versi 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi Mahasiswa terhadap dakwah dan materi dakwah melalui nasyid modern mendapat persepsi yang sedang. Namun terdapat hubungan yang sangat kuat antara persepsi mahasiswa jurusan komunikasi penyiaran Islam UIN Raden Fatah terhadap dakwah melalui nasyid modern.
Tinjauan Fiqh Jinayah Terhadap Penerapan Sanksi Pidana bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pembukaan Lahan Perkebunan dengan Cara Membakar Hutan (Study Kasus Desa Talang Rimba Kec. Cengal Kab. OKI)
Authors: Cuan Bayu
Published: October 2019

Hadirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup serta Undang-Undang sektoral lainnya nyatanya belum berjalan dengan maksimal dalam melerang serta penerapan sanksi terhadap perbuatan membuka lahan perkebunan dengan cara membakar hutan. Penelitian menggunakan metode field research (penelitian lapangan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada dua faktor penyebab pembukaan lahan perkebunan dengan cara dibakar yaitu faktor ekonomi dan faktor sarana prasarana. Penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku pembakaran hutan telah diatur dalam UU PPLH mulai dari sarana penegakan hukum administrasi, sarana penegakan hukum perdata serta sarana penegakan hukum pidana. Sedangkan dalam hukum islam pengaturan tentang pelaku pembakaran hutan termasuk dalam kategori jarimah ta’zir, dimana semua ketentuannya diserahkan kepada penguasa (ulil amri) yang dalam hal ini adalah Hakim.
Pelaksanaan Manajemen (Commanding, Motivating, Coordinating, Communication) Hubungan Sekolah dengan Masyarakat melalui Ikatan Pelajar Muhammadiyah (IPM) di SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Palembang
Authors: Dari Uci Wulan
Published: October 2019

Pelaksanaan manajemen (coordinating, motivating, communication, commanding) hubungan sekolah dengan masyarakat adalah suatu tindakan yang disusun secara matang dan terperinci agar tercipta keserasian antara masyarakat dan kebijaksanaan organisasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Palembang. Jenis penelitian kualitatif dan berfokus pada sumber data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkann bahwa pelaksanaan manajemen  (coordinating, motivating, communication, commanding) hubungan sekolah dengan masyarakat melalui Ikatan Pelajar Muhammadiyah (IPM)  di SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Palembang adalah baik, sosialisasi-sosialisasi antara Ikatan Pelajar Muhammadiyah dengan masyarakat sekolah SMP/MTS se kota Palembang diterima baik oleh masyarakat sekolah tersebut. Hubungan manajemen sekolah melalui Ikatan Pelajar Muhammadiyah di SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Palembang di nilai sangat baik oleh sekolah, karena program kerja Ikatan Pelajar Muhammadiyah dan sekolah berkesinambungan satu sama lain sehingga tujuan-tujuan yang baik untuk kemajuan sekolah itu sendiri dapat tercapai.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ektrak Kulit Batang Bakau Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Hepar Tikus Putih Jantan Rattus Novergicus Galur Sprague Dawley yang Diinduksi Alkohol
Authors: Kh Amelia Rizky , Rahmanisa Soraya , Sari Merry Indah
Published: October 2019

Alkohol dapat mempengaruhi seluruh bagian tubuh diantaranya pada sistim hepar dimana tempat metabolisme hati, jika terjadi gangguan akibat stres oksidatif yang diinduksi alkohol akan menyebabkan penyakit hati kronis dan steatosis hati. Antioksidan diberikan sebagai usaha pencegahan kerusakan hepar. Tanaman bakau Bruguiera gymnorrhiza berperan sebagai antioksidan yang dapat menghambat proses stres oksidatif. Desain Penelitian ini  menggunakan rancangan quasi experimental dengan metode rancangan acak terkontrol dengan pola post test only group control group design. Penelitian menggunakan 30 tikus putih galur Sprague Dawley yang di bagi dalam 5 kelompok yaitu 2 kelompok kontrol dan 3 kelompok perlakuan. Pada kelompok kontrol, diberikan perlakuan biasa (K-) dan kelompok yang diinduksi alkohol (K+). Pada kelompok perlakuan, mencit diinduksi alkohol dan diberi ekstrak bakau dengan dosis 62,5 mg/kgBB (K3), 125 mg/kgBB (K4) dan 250 mg/kgBB (K5). Diberikan perlakuan selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian didapatkan perbedaan kerusakan histopatologi pada seluruh sampel dengan nilai yang bermakna yaitu p <0,05. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat adanya pengaruh pemberian ekstrak kulit batang bakau (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) terhadap Histopatologi Hepar tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvergicus) galur Sprague-dawley yang diinduksi alkohol dan terdapat perbedaan pengaruh pemberian dosis bertingkat ekstrak kulit batang bakau (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) terhadap Histopatologi Hepar tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvergicus) galur Sprague-dawley yang diinduksi alkohol.
The Mediating Effect of Emotive Factor on the Constructs That Influence Entrepreneurial Failure
Authors: Rahman Hafiz , Besra Eri , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: October 2019

This paper examines the presence of emotive factor that mediates the variables of voluntaristic, deterministic and opportunistic behaviour that impact entrepreneurial failure. The study is a quantitative study and uses causal analysis as its research approach. It relates the constructs of voluntaristic factor, deterministic factor, and opportunistic behaviour with the mediation of emotive factor to entrepreneurial failure. Sample of the study is 1541 nascent entrepreneurs in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia, who have experienced business failures. Analysis was undertaken by using causal step analysis in which the statistical protocol and rule were operated. The study found and argue that emotive factor of entrepreneurs is identified as individual psychological construct that partially mediates voluntaristic, deterministic and opportunistic behaviour in causing entrepreneurial failure experienced by nascent entrepreneurs. Originality and value of the study lies in the framework used – which considers the construct of opportunistic behaviour of entrepreneurs as an independent variable that can cause entrepreneurial failure. Other is related to the consideration that emotive factor that mediates the voluntaristic, deterministic and opportunistic behaviour in causing entrepreneurial failure.

Abstrak dalam Bahasa Indonesia Penelitian ini membahas tentang keberadaan faktor emosi yang memediasi variabel voluntaristic, deterministic dan perilaku opportunis yang mengakibatkan terjadinya kegagalan berwirausaha. Studi ini merupakan studi kuantitatif dan menggunakan analisa kausal sebagai pendekatan penelitian. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 1541 orang wirausahawan pemula di Provinsi Sumatera Barat, Indonesia yang sebelumnya pernah mengalami kegagalan dalam berwirausaha. Analisa dilakukan dengan menggunakan causal step analysis yang menggunakan prosedur statistik tertentu. Studi ini menemukan dan lebih lanjut berpendapat bahwa faktor emotsi wirausahawan diidentifikasi sebagai konstruk psikologis individu yang secara parsial memediasi hubungan faktor voluntaristic, faktor determiniastic dan perilaku opportunis sebagai penyebab terjadinya kegagalan berwirausaha yang dialami oleh wirausahawan pemula. Keaslian dan nilai dari studi ini terletak pada kerangka penelitian yang digunakan, yang menempatkan faktor perilaku opportunis sebagai variabel bebas yang dapat mengakibatkan kegagalan berwirausaha. Hal lainnya terletak pada adanya unsur faktor emotsi yang memediasi faktor voluntaristic, faktor determiniastic dan perilaku opportunis sebagai penyebab kegagalan berwirausaha
Sharing Economy: A Study on the Factors Influencing Users' Motivation to Use Ride Sharing Platforms
Authors: Sijabat Rosdiana
Published: October 2019

This research is intended to explore sharing economy, particularly ride sharing. The study aims to identify the impact of four factors—economic, social, environmental, and technological—on individuals' motivation and decision to use three ride sharing platforms: UBER, GRAB and Go-JEK in Indonesia. Based on available literature, four research hypotheses are tested, namely that (1) economic factors; (2) social factors;(3)  environmental factors; and (4) technological factors have positive influence on individuals' motivation and decision to use ride sharing services. Primary and secondary data are used to answer the research questions. Primary data were obtained through an online survey of 355 respondents, while secondary data were obtained from various related literatures. The research is both descriptive and quantitative in nature, the empirical analysis suggest that economic, social, environmental, and technological factors are positively associated with users' decision to use ride sharing.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi konsep sharing economy, khususnya ride sharing. Secara khusus, studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh dari empat factor, yaitu faktor ekonomi, sosial, lingkungan, dan teknologi terhadap motivasi dan keputusan individu untuk menggunakan tiga platform perjalanan bersama: UBER, GRAB, dan Go-JEK di Indonesia. Berdasarkan literatur yang tersedia, empat hipotesis penelitian diuji, yaitu bahwa (1) faktor ekonomi; (2) faktor sosial; (3) faktor lingkungan; dan (4) faktor teknologi memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap motivasi dan keputusan individu untuk menggunakan layanan ride sharing. Data primer dan sekunder digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian. Data primer diperoleh melalui survei online terhadap 355 responden, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari berbagai literatur terkait. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dan kuantitatif, analisis empiris menunjukkan bahwa faktor ekonomi, sosial, lingkungan, dan teknologi secara positif terkait dengan keputusan pengguna untuk menggunakan berbagi perjalanan.
Vsebnost ekstraktivov v skorji in lesu robinije (Robinia pseudoacacia L.)
Authors: Vek Viljem , Vivod Blaž , Poljanšek Ida , Oven Primož
Published: October 2019

The content and composition of extractives in the wood and bark tissue of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) were investigated. Wood and bark samples were extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus with acetone. The extracts were gravimetrically examined to measure total hydrophilic extractive content. Total phenolic content was measured colorimetrically with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The wood and bark extracts were further investigated using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) to identify and quantify dihydrorobinetin in the extracts. The contents of total hydrophilic extractives, total phenols and dihydrorobinetin were higher in heartwood than in the sapwood and bark. No relationship was found between the height at which the samples were taken from the stem and the content of soluble components in the wood and bark. The heartwood of black locust represents a rich potential source of phenolic extractives.
Adaptation of the diffusion mathematical model to describe process microfiltration process fluids food production
Authors: Antipov S. T. , Klyuchnikov A. I.
Published: October 2019

The article shows the possibility of adapting a one-parameter diffusion model to the membrane separation process by taking into account the permeability of one of the walls of the channel of rectangular cross section under consideration. The structure of the hydrodynamic flow is studied, which allows determining the behavior of the solute concentration field on the membrane surface and evaluating the effectiveness of the measures used to reduce the concentration polarization using hydrodynamic methods due to velocity variations. Investigations of the process of microfiltration of unfiltered unpasteurized beer were carried out on an experimental installation of flow microfiltration. The microfiltration of beer under the flow-through mode of the organization of the process was carried out at the following technological parameters: temperature 2–60 °C, working pressure 0.08–0.25 MPa, speed of the divided flow above the membrane surface 2–3 m/s. The study of hydrodynamics of membrane processes, in view of their highest complexity and specificity, makes it possible today to create a theoretical description in general form and only for one phase or component. It is most convenient to use the diffusion mathematical model for the theoretical description. In mathematical modeling of hydrodynamic processes involving membranes, it is impossible to objectively quantitatively take into account most of the factors due to their large diversity and variability. It should be noted the absence of a unified and generally accepted theory of mass transfer in the study of membrane processes, which is a significant deterrent. The particular complexity of transmembrane transport arises in the case of the imposition of hydrodynamic instabilities of variable intensity, since Any (even insignificant) change in the regime parameters of the microfiltration process leads to different conditions for the formation (or destruction) of the surface layer, which inevitably affects the boundary conditions.
Development of production extruded feed for tilapia industrial production
Authors: Vasilenko V. N. , Frolova L. N. , Dragan I. V. , Mihajlova N. A.
Published: October 2019

As a result of the analysis of domestic experience over the past 10 years and foreign experience (on the example of 9 countries: Vietnam, India, Spain, Canada, China, Norway, the USA, Chile, Japan, which possess the most advanced technologies and equipment for the production of highly effective feed for fish ) in the development of innovative technologies and equipment for the production of highly effective feed for fish, it was found out that the methods of both dry and wet pressing are outdated and do not meet modern requirements for the production of feed for fish, as they do not allow to carry out deep physicochemical transformations in the protein-carbohydrate complex and to introduce fat components at 40% level. Modern fish technologies are based on the use of extrusion processing of a multicomponent mixture to impart different buoyancy and adjustable immersion speed of the resulting feed. Extrusion technology will allow to introduce a large amount of fat into the product - up to 35–40%, to achieve 100% starch cleavage level. Extruded product has high water resistance, keeps its shape. New generation developed compound feed formulations for tilapia with 60% protein content, 40% fat, with the introduction of growth stimulants, dietary supplements, etc., will increase the digestibility of compound feed by fish by 10-12%, increase of fish weight by 10-12%, reduce the cost of commercial fish farming by 10–15%, reduce feed conversion by 15%. The proposed technology will allow to create new generation compound feeds formulations for various fish species with a high content of protein-fat complex, which will increase the weight gain of fish by 12-17%, reduce the cost of final fish production by reducing the cost of feed by 10-15%. .
Modeling of the corrosion process in the interaction of tinplate with vegetable canned food
Authors: Bessarab O. V. , Platonova T. F. , Protunkevitch I. V.
Published: October 2019

When choosing metal packaging for canned vegetables, it is advisable to take into account their corrosivity, because the inner surface corrosion is one of the factors affecting product quality during storage. To rationalize the corrosion tests of metal packaging materials, it is advisable to replace food with model media – organic acids solutions. The aim of this work was to study the corrosion kinetics of electrolytic tinplate in model media–aqueous solutions of oxalic (mass fraction 0.25–1.00%) and citric (mass fraction 0.25–1.50%) acids, as well as their compositions. The uniform corrosion rate was measured by the linear polarization resistance method, pitting corrosion–zero resistance amperometry method. The tests were carried out using the “Expert-004” corrosion-meter, according to a two-electrode scheme. For oxalic acid solutions with a mass fraction of 0.25% and 0.50% and for all citric acid solutions, the process is characterized as uniform corrosion – the pitting corrosion rates average steady values are 7–11 times less than the corresponding uniform corrosion rates values (1.52–3.93 µm/year and 17.42–26.56 µm/year, respectively). The most aggressive with respect to tinplate are oxalic acid solutions with a mass fraction of 0.25 and 0.50% and citric acid solutions with a mass fraction of 0.25 and 0.50%. On this basis, two-component solutions of the following composition were chosen: 0.25% citric acid + 0.25% oxalic acid; 0.25% citric acid + 0.50% oxalic acid; 0.50% citric acid + 0.25% oxalic acid; 0.50% citric acid + 0.50% oxalic acid. For these solutions, the process is characterized as uniform corrosion — the pitting corrosion rates average steady values are 7–10 times less than the corresponding the uniform corrosion rates values (2.04–3.85 ?m/year and 19.56–26.93 ?m/year, respectively). For two-component solutions, an additive effect is observed–the uniform and pitting corrosion rates average experimental steady values correspond to the calculated additive values. By mathematical processing of experimental data, it was found that the uniform corrosion steady rate maximum value the corresponds to a two-component solution containing 0.40% citric acid and 0.30% oxalic acid. This is confirmed by experimental data–the uniform corrosion rate average steady value for this solution is 28.18 ?m/year. According to the research results it was found that as a model corrosive medium that simulates canned vegetables, it is advisable to use a solution containing 0.40% citric acid and 0.30% oxalic acid, because it is the most aggressive.
Review of bakery products for gluten free and herodietetic nutrition
Authors: Zharkova I. M. , Samokhvalov A. A. , Gustinovich V. G. , Koryachkina S. Ya. , Roslyakov Y. F.
Published: October 2019

One of the ways to improve public health with food is the industrial production of foods, the so-called “health” group, which currently includes functional and specialized products. Modern trend of the flour products market development is the expansion of gluten-free products segment. It should be noted that along with the target audience (people suffering from various forms of gluten intolerance), consumers of these products are adherents of "fashion trends". The chemical composition of this group of foods is characterized by the predominance of easily digestible carbohydrates and fats with a lack of proteins, vitamins and minerals, as well as fiber. Therefore, during a prolonged use of such foods the risk of deficiency states for individual macro- or micronutrients increases. Improving of the composition of gluten-free products can be achieved by introducing of non-traditional plant sources, such as amaranth grain, chufa tubers, fine vegetable powders, into the formulation. A special category of flour foods are products for herodietetic nutrition. One of the ways to increase the digestibility of mineral substances of bread, and calcium in particular, is the use of pre-germinated wheat as a prescription component.
Effect of wild rose hip fruit powder on consumer properties of biscuit
Authors: Kovaleva A. E. , Pyanikova E. A.
Published: October 2019

This article presents the results of the effect of the dry powder of wild rose hips on the consumer properties of biscuit, in which the premium wheat flour was replaced with oat flour and, in turn, part of the oat flour - 5, 10 and 15% of the powder, are presented. Studies have shown that the addition of plant powder does not have a strong effect on changes in physicochemical parameters, however, organoleptic parameters do change. In the sample with an additive content of 5%, crumbs were wetter than others, and cracks appeared on the surface during baking. For all samples, without exception, the porosity indicator is slightly below the norm, which is associated with the replacement of wheat flour of the highest grade of oatmeal, rich in dietary fiber. With an increase in the proportion of the introduced powder of rosehip fruit, the mass fraction of moisture in the samples decreases. This can be explained by the fact that the content of the main ingredient – oatmeal, rich in dietary fibers that retain moisture – is reduced by replacing it with rosehip fruit powder. Alkalinity in all model samples is 0.3 deg. The introduced ingredients the assertiveness of biscuits does not strongly affect, but, nevertheless, this figure is lower (60-61.5%) than that of biscuits baked from wheat flour of the highest grade (about 75-80%). According to the results of the research it is recommended to use dry rose hip powder in an amount of 10% by weight of flour. Examination of samples for the establishment of expiration dates showed that the process of staling proceeds rather slowly, and the recommended shelf life of the finished product is 96 hours.
Effect of metal nanoparticles on physiological and biochemical parameters of soft Wheat
Authors: Gavrish I. A. , Lebedev S. V. , Korotkova A. M. , Kvan O. V.
Published: October 2019

The study was aimed at studying the complex responses of Wheat plants (Triticum vulgare Vill) in the application of nanoparticles Fe, Mo and SiO2, as well as together Fe and Mo at doses of 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg of dry soil weight. Thus, the morphometric parameters of the prototypes were generally superior to the control samples. In assessing the viability of plant cells, we found that in all experimental samples the viability values were not less than 90% for wheat plants, which allows us to assert that the concentrations of nanoparticles used by us did not have a toxic effect on the viability of the roots. When assessing the enzymatic antioxidant system of plants and the degree of lipid peroxidation, we recorded the absence of oxidative stress, while increasing the protective potential of plants. Thus, our research is the basis for studying the possibility of using nanoparticles in agriculture to intensify plant growth and increase their productivity.
Numerical study of the dynamics and optimization of the modes of air adsorption separation and oxygen concentration
Authors: Akulinin E. I. , Golubyatnikov O. O. , Dvoretsky D. S. , Dvoretsky S. I.
Published: October 2019

Numerical researches of influence of temperature, composition and pressure changes of the initial gas mixture on the purity, recovery and capacity of the pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit was made. Air separation dynamics was researches in a wide range of control (pressure at the compressor outlet, the duration of the adsorption – desorption cycle, backflow coefficient, programs of control valves opening degree in time) variables. It was found that the change of regime parameters and the inflow on has a significant impact on the purity and recovery of oxygen. Also was founded that the range of the duration of the adsorption stage and the compressor outlet pressure values should be limited to the intervals of 39-43 s and 2.7–2.8?105 Pa, respectively. The steady-state of the PSA unit mode output time was amount 20-30 cycles of "adsorption-desorption". Formulated and solved the optimization tasks of regime parameters of air separation cyclic processes by criterion of maximum oxygen recovery in 2-bed PSA unit with granular adsorbent zeolite 13X; the optimal values of the control parameters for differential environmental conditions (when the product oxygen concentration not less than 45% vol. and the PSA unit capacity ~2 l/min) are determined. It is shown that the implementation of the optimal of the inlet and discharge valves opening degree changes program in PSA unit allows to provide the set values of the gas flow rate in the "frontal" layer of the adsorbent, in which there is no abrasion of the adsorbent in the cyclic adsorption–desorption processes
Development of recommendations to provide grants for beginning farmers
Authors: Kozlov V. A. , Frolova O. A. , Yukhlina Y. A.
Published: October 2019

In view of their features, as well as the low level of production, agricultural producers need government support. It stands out in different directions according to the state program. At the same time, there is support to novice farmers in the form of grants from the state, the purpose of which is to help develop business in any branch of agriculture: in breeding horses, cows, sheep, goats, pigs, poultry, growing potatoes, grain crops, vegetables in the open and closed ground, fruits and berries, fishing, beekeeping. Grants are provided to persons registered as an individual entrepreneur for at least a year who have a business plan for expanding or modernizing the economy. Support is provided 1 time, for 10 years. Assistance to novice farmers is provided in two main areas: the creation (development) of the economy 1.5–3.0 million rubles; help for the device of life up to 250 thousand rubles. The purpose of the study is to examine the theoretical aspects of state support, analysis of assistance to novice farmers, as well as the development of recommendations for the provision of grants. The article uses abstract logic and design methods. Analyzed the activities of agriculture at the federal and regional levels. The concept of “state support for agriculture” was clarified and supplemented: state budget funds aimed at developing the industry and rural areas in certain areas; direct increase in their profitability, through the production of necessary agricultural products; the main criterion for which remains the effectiveness of the use of this support. The state farmer beginner state support program has been improved, recommendations on introducing changes to this program have been developed.
Development of mathematical model of extraction from lupine with cheese serum by applying low-frequency mechanical vibrations
Authors: Shishatsky J. I. , Barbashin A. M. , Nickel S. A.
Published: October 2019

It is noted that the model is designed to create the largest possible pressure change in the cheese whey in the extractor, since the rate of transfer of the target components is proportional to the pressure difference at the ends of the capillaries. The mathematical description of impregnation as the main or important auxiliary operation is given in detail. The equations for the impregnated part of the capillary, the ratio of impregnation rates at different times are given. From the above dependencies, the equation Washburne regarding the time of impregnation. The formulas for calculating the volume of extractant passed through the capillary, serum and forced out of the capillary air taking into account the viscous resistance of the latter. After integration of the equation of the speed of capillary impregnation of the obtained expression allows to estimate the final value of the impregnation in the initial stage. For different cases of capillary impregnation expressions are written at atmospheric pressure, vacuuming and overpressure. The introduction of dimensionless values allowed to simplify the solution and to obtain an expression for calculating the time of pore impregnation. The analysis of the equation of dimensionless impregnation time taking into account the application of low-frequency mechanical vibrations is made. It is noted that the processes of impregnation and extraction occur simultaneously, so the impregnation time is often neglected, which impoverishes the understanding of the physics of the process, reduces the accuracy of the calculation. Taking into account the diffusion unsteadiness of the process of substance transfer due to hydrodynamic unsteadiness, the equation containing the effective diffusion coefficient is written. The equation of unsteady diffusion for a spherical lupine particle in a batch extractor is supplemented with initial and boundary conditions. Taking into account the balance equation, the kinetic equation of the process is obtained. We studied the distribution of pores in the particle lupine along the radii and squares, the calculated value of the porosity of the particle. The values of De and Bi are determined by the method of graphical solution of the balance equation, the equation of kinetics and the parameters included in these equations. Conclusions on the work.
Technological modernization of agricultural production: condition, forms, methods and directions of innovations support
Authors: Chekunov A. S.
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the modernization of domestic agricultural production, its support from the state, the introduction by agricultural producers of innovations in the production process. The article systematizes the views of economists on the forms (directions) and methods of supporting innovation in agriculture. Modernization of agricultural production is one of the primary tasks of increasing the competitiveness of the industry. Improvement of production in agriculture, which is impossible without the use of innovation, is becoming a key factor in achieving success in competition in foreign markets for agricultural products. Statistics show that the technical and technological modernization in the industry is extremely weak. It should be noted that the level of innovation in domestic agriculture is about 10%, while in the US it is more than 50%. The decline in the production of agricultural machinery threatens the technical and technological modernization of the industry, since agricultural producers with limited financial capabilities, with the continuation of this negative trend in the near future, there will be no possibility of an alternative choice when acquiring the much-needed equipment. The insignificant financing of innovations in agriculture by the state led to the fact that only 2% of agricultural enterprises introduce innovative technologies into their activities. The state needs to support domestic producers of agricultural equipment, since their absence poses a real threat to the food security of the national state.
Marketing potential of combined meat-plant food products as innovative consumer objects
Authors: Glotova I. A. , Ryazanceva A. O. , Galochkina N. A. , Shahov S. V. , Pryanishnikov V. V.
Published: October 2019

For the growth of the consumer potential of the food market, an active search for innovative ways and means of development, taking into account various sources of innovative opportunities, is necessary. The analysis shows that consumers of products of agro-industrial enterprises, catering and trade enterprises are an important, but insufficiently studied element in the system of generating samples, or ideas, innovative consumer objects. The purpose of the work is to study consumer trends, features of segmentation in the customer typology and customer feedback elements, as sources of innovation in the external environment of various enterprises and organizations for the production of food based on the processing of meat raw materials. The object of the research was the regional market of meat products of the Central Black Soil Region on the example of the city of Voronezh and the city of Liski, Voronezh Region. The subject of research was the direction of improving the range of meat and meat-plant products, corresponding to the innovative scenario of the development of their market. The analysis of consumer preferences and motivations of the population of the Central Black Earth region (for example, the city of Voronezh and the city of Liski, Voronezh region) in relation to the combined meat and vegetable products was carried out and their potential as innovative consumer objects was evaluated. The article implements a questionnaire survey method in relation to the psychological perception of protein foods from consumers, including middle and mature age. The survey revealed data on the popularity of types of meat products, the frequency of their consumption, priority properties for the consumer, storage modes. The expediency of increasing the nutritional and biological value and the formation of consumer properties of combined meat products based on the hedonic preferences of consumer groups has been substantiated. Directions for improving the range of products for processing meat raw materials will be an organic addition to the cluster for the production and processing of specialized breeds of beef cattle, pork, and poultry meat in the Voronezh region and the Central Black Earth region as a whole.
The mechanism of mass transfer in the process of fish salting
Authors: Fatykhov Y. A. , Shumanova M. V. , Shumanov V. A.
Published: October 2019

The process of fish salting is based on patterns associated with the diffusion of salt in the fish tissue and the diffusion-osmotic transfer of water from the tissues of fish to the brine or in the opposite direction. Atlantic herring is an object of research. The character of the spatial-temporal distribution of salt within the product (herring) was established. As a method of experimental research was used a modern method of non-destructive testing, called photon correlation spectroscopy. The theoretical model of the process was obtained on the basis of the second Fick's law as a solution of a differential equation by the method of separation of variables. The qualitative nature of the mathematical model is interpreted as an exponential approach to the equilibrium value of salt concentration in the process of fish salting. Experimental dependences of the diffusion coefficient on the depth of salt penetration into the muscle tissue of fish were obtained. The mass transfer rate of salt in the first stage of the salting process is about 3·10-4 mm/s. The experimental value of the mass transfer rate is compared with the theoretical value of the proposed model. A satisfactory coincidence is obtained. The qualitative character of the advancement of the salt critical concentration (8.0%) in the form of a front has been established. This is consistent with the theory of P.B. Crean. The causes associated with the apparent increase in the diffusion coefficient at the second stage of the fish salting process are analyzed, which have been noted by many researchers. The expediency of using the effective diffusion coefficient in studies was expressed, which to a greater extent corresponds to the actual course of the process of mass transfer of salt and moisture. It is noted that the most recognized modern theoretical and empirical models of the process of salting fish are models that reflect an exponential approach to the equilibrium of substances involved in the process The acceptability of using the empirical model of salting fish Zugarramurdi and Lupine was confirmed as qualitatively corresponding to the theoretical model proposed in the article..
Innovative development scenario of the domestic market of meat products: problems, factors, trends
Authors: Ryazanceva A. O. , Glotova I. A. , Galochkina N. A. , Shahov S. V.
Published: October 2019

The market for meat and its products is, on the one hand, one of the criteria for a country's food security, and, on the other, a peculiar social indicator, since it is a supplier of animal protein that plays an important role in ensuring healthy nutrition of the human body, which directly affects the quality of life., human development index, the formation and creation of conditions for its reproduction. The aim of the work is to study the domestic market of meat processing products from the standpoint of the implementation of the innovative scenario of its development, taking into account the orientation on mental changes in the consumer audience, the tendency to change the hedonic preferences of end users of meat products in the light of the evolution of nutrition theories. The subject of the study was trends, problems and prospects for the development of the domestic market of meat products, including taking into account the peculiarities of the consumer mentality, psychological perception of meat products in the light of the development of the theory and practice of healthy eating. The research methodology was based on a complex of general scientific methods, including analytical, synthetic, deduction. The basis of the research was the compilation and analysis of information sources in the subject area of ??the state and development prospects of the global and domestic meat and meat products market, which form plausible development scenarios, from the standpoint of analyzing commercial relations inherent in the b2c (busness-to-consumer) sector, in particular, the role assortment and the role of the individual customer. The characteristics, factors and trends of the innovation scenario of the development of the market of chilled and frozen meat products are formulated. The perspectives of combining the concept of healthy nutrition with the idea of reviving the traditions of national cuisine based on convergence with innovative food biotechnologies, including based on the author's innovative project to develop combined food systems and economically efficient meat products.
Model of interaction of the state and small entrepreneurship
Authors: Sokolinskaya Y. M.
Published: October 2019

Ensuring the effective development of the business sector of the economy is an essential condition for the economically sustainable development of the national economy. Small business has a special role in this. First of all, this is due to the fact that it is small business that provides for the reduction of unemployment in various sectors of the economy, the growth of incomes of the population, contributes to the growth of tax revenues to budgets of all levels, initiates innovations. In this regard, leveling the manifestations of the deformation of the functioning of small enterprises, which have become the most common form of entrepreneurship, provides the conditions for sustainable socio-economic development of the country. The development of entrepreneurship in forestry, including small, is the most problematic in modern economic conditions. Due to the specifics of the field of activity and the lack of financial opportunities, small business in this sector of the economy demonstrates insufficient efficiency in its development, which is reflected in an increase in arrears in the budgets of all levels, an increase in the scale of shadow activity, etc. Small business development in the forest sector is one of the main conditions growth of efficiency and competitiveness of forestry, forest industry and related industries. The interaction of forest entrepreneurship and government should be developed in the forms and directions that are optimal for the forest sector: ensuring favorable conditions for the integrated, multi-purpose use of forest resources; rational, non-depleting environmental management; targeted support and state guarantee of the sustainability of the functioning of entrepreneurship in the field of forest use; growth of professionalism and competence in forestry issues; creation of forest infrastructure; reduction of deformations in the development of forest enterprises. The developed organizational model allows to ensure the attractiveness of entrepreneurial activities in the field of forest use primarily by reducing its level of deformation and shadowing.