bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Polymer/Composite Based on Polyurethane with Different –OH Backbone
Authors: Ahmed N. , Khan Mohammad Bilal , Ul-Haq Noaman
Published: September 2011

Polyurethanes with two different types of –OH backbones castor oil (CO) and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) were synthesized by using moderately reactive iso-phorone diiscocayante (IPDI) as curing agent. IR spectroscopy and mechanical property evaluations were carried out to elucidate the structure-property relationship of the polymer. It was found that the polymer, intersegment bonding had significant effects on the ultimate tensile properties. The CO based polymer exhibited far better mechanical properties than that of HTPB based polymer. However, a reverse behavior was observed in the composites. Composite fabricated with HTPB based polymer matrix showed four times the tensile strength of CO based composite. SEM comparison of the fractured composites revealed better wetting and adhesion properties with HTPB. Dynamic mechanical testing results indentified a relationship between the viscoelastic parameters and frequency of the applied load.
Glass Transition Related Relaxation Dynamic in Polystyrene Nanoparticles
Authors: Nawaz Qamar , Rharbi Yahya
Published: September 2011

The impact of nanoconfinement on the dynamic and glass transition of polymers has been found altered in thin films and on the bulk free surface. Confined polymer in nanoparticles is an important system of application in water-borne environmental-friendly coatings. In this work, we discuss method to probe the large scale dynamic of nanoconfined polystyrene in close-packed structure of nanoparticles. We probe the deformation of polystyrene nanoparticles by applying stress at nano-scale level quantified via small-angle neutrons scattering technique. We extract information about the relaxation of the polystyrene confined in nanoparticles and compare it with the relaxation of the same polymer in bulk.
Stability Study of the Geogrids Reinforced Tailings
Authors: Zhang Hong Zhu , Wang Lai Gui , Feng Mei Sheng
Published: September 2011

In order to research the geogrid technology to improve the tailings dam stability,the paper introduces the mechanism of the geogrid reinforcing tailings dam and the simulation principle of the geogrids unit.It also introduces a calculation example.It uses the FLAC3D software to make a comparative study for the dam stability when geogrids reinforcing dam or no reinforcement. The result shows that: The X displacement value is reduced after reinforcement,but far from reinforced area X displacement is not change.It shows that the reinforcement effection appears at the reinforcement surrounding area.There is a little change about the landslide face after reinforced，which is more closer near early dam from the beach top. The safety coefficient rise from 1.69 to 2.37.The reinforcement effection is in good working order. The paper can provide some reference and instruction to the tailings dam safety.
Stress Intensity Factor for Interfacial Cracks in Bi-Materials Using Incompatible Numerical Manifold Method
Authors: Wei Gao Feng , Gao Hong Fen , Jiang Hai Hui
Published: September 2011

Incompatible numerical manifold method (INMM) uses interpolation functions based on the concept of partition of unity, and considers the asymptotic solution and the discontinuity of displacement. This paper describes the application of INMM to bi-material interfacial crack. The two dimensional near-tip asymptotic displacement functions are added to the trial function approximation. This enables the domain to be modeled by manifold elements without explicitly meshing the crack surfaces. The crack-tip enrichment functions are chosen as those that span the asymptotic displacement fields for an interfacial crack. The INMM facilitates the incorporation of the oscillatory nature of the singularity within a conforming manifold element approximation. The complex stress intensity factors for bi-material interfacial cracks are numerically evaluated. Good agreement between the numerical results and the analytical solutions for benchmark interfacial crack problems is realized.
The Synthesis and Characterization of the Graphene Oxide Covalent Modified Phenolic Resin Nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Duo , Gao Jie , Xu Wei Fang , Bao Feng , Ma Rui , Yan Chun Jie , Chen Tao , Wang Guo Zhen
Published: September 2011

Graphene oxide (GO) was made by a modified Hummers method. Graphene oxide modified phenolic resin nanocomposites (GO/PF) were prepared by Steglich esterification, catalyzed by dicyclohexyl carbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine. The composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The result revealed that the graphene oxide was absolutely exfoliated and covalent linked GO/PF composite was obtained. The thermal stability of PF is remarkably improved by modification with GO.
A New Adaptive Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Li Yi Min , Cai Yang
Published: September 2011

A novel Adaptive Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control (AFSMC) methodology is proposed in this paper based on the integration of Sliding Mode Control (SMC) and Adaptive Fuzzy Control (AFC).To get rid of the chattering and the bound of uncertainty, an adaptive fuzzy logic system design method introduced for the switching gain is proposed. The main advantage of our proposed methodology is that the nonlinear systems are unknown and no knowledge of the bounds of parameters, uncertainties and external disturbance are not required in advance.the design for the switching gain which will relax the requirement for the bound of uncertainty can ensure stability. The simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the method.
Effect of Starting-Mixture Composition on Morphological Properties and Microstructure of Hierarchical Porous Carbon
Authors: Liu Gui Wu , Li Jie , Qiao Guan Jun , Xu Shun Jian , Lu Tian Jian
Published: September 2011

A hierarchical porous carbon derived from phenolic resin (PF) was processed using ethylene glycol (EG) and starch as double porogens. The influences of composition of starting mixture, including the two porogens and PF, on morphological properties and microstructure of the porous carbon were investigated. It was demonstrated that the content of starch and the relative content of EG to PF played key roles in determining the number, size and formation of the hierarchical pores, which in turn led to changes in the properties and the microstructure of the porous carbon. In particular, the number of the first-level pores (diameter ~10–40 μm) increased with the content of starch increasing, and the high relative content of EG to PF contributed to the formation of the second-level pores (diameter ~0.5–2 μm), which were closely related to the formation mechanisms of the two-level pores, respectively. Under the present experimental conditions, sufficiently high starch content can result in the microstructural abnormalities, such as the incomplete decomposition of starch and the formation of the third-level pores which originated from the stack of discrete carbon particles.
Study on Mechanical Properties of Talus Deposit Based on Digital Image Processing Technology
Authors: Wang Lin Wei , Xu Wei Ya , Xu An Quan
Published: September 2011

Talus deposit is often seen in the hydropower projects in the southwest of China. Its mechanical properties are so complex that microstructure study is often used to reveal the essence of deformation and damage. The digital image processing technology (DIPT) is introduced to the simulation of talus deposits. Based on the study of DIPT, a Photo-To-Flac3D (PTF) auto-modeling program is developed. It is able to realize the whole process: analyzing and processing the digital image, acquiring the information and establishing the micro-model files. A new modeling method is developed for the mechanical behavior simulation of talus deposit. As an example, some talus deposit data of Gushui hydropower station is used, the micro-model of talus deposit can be established fast and correctly by the PTF from the digital photo on-site. The mechanical properties are studied by the numerical simulation of triaxial test. The results show that the talus deposit has the feature of bully in deformation while that of Unicom band under force.
Digital Control of PID for Voice Coil Actuator and System Simulation
Authors: Lu Bang Jun , Kang Bao Guo , Zhang Wu Jun
Published: September 2011

This paper introduced the principle and method of designing for Voice Coil Actuator based on the characteristic of Voice Coil Actuator. The Digital Control Of PID For Voice Coil Actuator are presented to servo the system of one dimension, System simulation results were given out.
The Design and Research of an On-Line Monitor Tool Wear System Based on uC/COS
Authors: Chen Ze Yu
Published: September 2011

In order to on-line monitor tool wear, an on-line monitor tool wear system was built. The tool wear can only be meseaured indirectly in work. Hence, the motor current and the tool wear is linear dependence. First, the relation model between motor current and cutting parameter of CNC was built, and then on-line monitor the current based on uC/COS, which can be monitor tool wear indirectly was done. The experiment results showed that the model is accuracy, and sensitivity Analysis of parameter was carried out.
Synthesis and Properties of a New Diarylethene with Two Different Substituents for Optical Recording
Authors: Cui Shi Qiang , Pu Shou Zhi , Liu Wei Jun
Published: September 2011

A new photochromic compound 1-(2,5-dimethyl-3-thienyl)-2-(2-methyl-5-(1-formyl-2- methoxyl-5-phenyl)-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene (1a) was synthesized, its photochromic properties were examined, the result indicated that the color of the compound 1a changed from colorless to a purple one upon irradiation with 297 nm UV light, a new absorption maxima were observed at 542 and 557 nm in hexane and PMMA film, respectively. The new photochromic compound also exhibited remarkable optical recording character.
Ti50Fe25Ni25 Amorphous Alloy Prepared by Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Zhu Yu Ying , Li Qiang , He Yun Hua , Wang Ge , Wang Xing Hua
Published: September 2011

A new ternary Ti-based amorphous alloy, Ti50Fe25Ni25, is prepared by the mechanical alloying. The milling is performed in a high-energy planetary ball mill under argon atmosphere. Fully Ti50Fe25Ni25amorphous alloy powder is obtained after milled 160h. The milling speed is 300rpm and the weighs ratio of ball to powder is 10:1. The structural features are studied by X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope, and the thermal stability is investigated by a differential scanning calorimeter. The super-cooled liquid region of the amorphous alloy increases from 98K to 119K as the heating rate increasing from 10K/min to 40K/min. The effective activation energy of crystallization is estimated with modified Kissinger’s plot. The initial crystallization activation energyEx1and the first crystallization peakEp1are 155.9KJ/mol and 188.5KJ/mol, respectively.
Study on Condition Assessment of Highway Bridge, Normal-Speed and High-Speed Railway Bridge
Authors: Wei Zhao Lan , Pu Qian Hui , Wang Bin Li
Published: September 2011

There are lots of theories and methods about condition assessment for highway bridge, and gradual perfection for normal-speed railway bridge, but only little for high-speed railway bridge, especially large-span and special structures. After studying on the contents, methods, theories and evaluation indexes of highway bridge and normal-speed railway bridge, combined with the characteristics of high-speed railway bridge, index system for high-speed railway bridge(medium and small span, large-span or special bridge structures) was conceived and discussed, which laid the foundation for the development of condition assessment of high-speed railway bridge.
Static Studies of a Steel Chain Ropeway Section Using Msc Adams
Authors: Mwape Chileshe Joseph , Hong Tian Sheng , Wu Wei Bin
Published: September 2011

This paper describes work that has been done on an innovative use of a steel chain as a cable in chain ropeway system developed for use in the mountain orchards of china. This work focuses on the use of Msc Adams in describing the quasi static behavior of the configuration of the chain ropeway. A model was built in solid works and then transferred to Msc Adams which was used to predict the profile of the chain and the tension for various loads. From this study it has been shown that Msc Adams can be a valuable tool in solving problems related to the quasi static and equilibrium state of the chain rope way system and getting an in depth behavior of its dynamics. There is now a foundation to proceed on the dynamic investigation of the chain ropeway system.
Service Life Prediction for the Neoprene Based on Tearing Strength
Authors: Yu Chao , Wen Qing Zhen , Zhu Jin Hua , Wei Zheng
Published: September 2011

The degradation of neoprene often occurs as a slow and gradual process and it is cannot be used abruptly. In order to keep the safety of equipments and people, it is important to consider the development of such process to correctly estimate its service life. The heat seawater method was designed and the accelerated aging tests of the neoprene were carried in laboratory. The tearing strength of the neoprene in aging time was investigated. The rule of tearing strength and aging time was studied. The service life prediction function of the neoprene was established and service life at 25°C was estimated based on the index of tearing strength. The result shows that tearing strength of the neoprene decreases in exponential form with aging time, and the service life of the neoprene used in sea water at 25°C is 29.79 years.
Study on Dielectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Gd-Doped Sr2Bi4Ti5O18 Ceramics
Authors: Chen Qian , Xu Zhi Jun , Chu Rui Qing , Liu Yong , Chen Ming Li , Wang Xiu Hui , Ran Chun Jiao , Li Guo Rong
Published: September 2011

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics Sr2Bi4-xGdxTi5O18 were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method. Pure bismuth layered structural ceramics with uniform gain size were obtained in all samples. The effect of Gd-doping on the dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of Sr2Bi4Ti5O18 ceramics were also investigated. It was found that that Gd3+ dopant gradually decreased the Curie temperature (Tc) with the lower dielectric loss (tand) of SBTi ceramics. In addition, Gd-doping with appropriate content improved the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the SBTi ceramics. The piezoelectric constant (d33) of the Sr2Bi3.9Gd0.1Ti5O18 ceramic reached the maximum value, which is 22 pC/N. The results showed that the Sr2Bi4-xGdxTi5O18 ceramic was a promising lead-free piezoelectric material.
Heat Source and Heat Partition Models in ELID Grinding
Authors: Ma Bao Ji , Zhu Yu Quan , Jin Xiao Li
Published: September 2011

Based on the feature of the ELID grinding, heat production mechanism in the ELID grinding was analyzed and a heat source model was given. Heat partition among work-piece, grinding wheel and electrolyte was discussed and a heat partition model was established. And numerical investigation was down. The results indicated that heat in ELID grinding was mainly produced by interaction between grit and work piece. Partition of the heat among work piece, grinding wheel and electrolyte was function of position. Electrolyte and grinding wheel take away the most heat produced in ELID grinding.
Application of Moldflow in Gas-Assisted Injection Molding
Authors: Zi Ke Ming , Chen Li Heng
Published: September 2011

Gas-assisted injection molding(GAIM)is a new kind of plastic processing technique. It is one of the most important developments in the injection molding industry. GAIM has many advantages such as lower injection pressure, lower warpage, better surface quality, lower material consumption, and shorten molding cycle time, etc. MPI/Gas module of Moldflow software can be used to simulate the GAIM process to optimize the whole molding process. In this study, the FM new truck interior ceiling handle was analyzed in GAIM process based on the MPI/Gas module. The simulation results showed the gas penetrating time, the contours of plastic layers thickness fraction of the parts and the gas volume fraction changing with time. The results can help technicians to determine the optimum process of the melt injection and the gas injection to ensure the final quality of the parts.
Comparison of the Isothermal and Non-Isothermal Kinetics for Predicting the Thermal Hazard of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate
Authors: Lin Chun Ping , Chang Yi Ming , Tseng Jo Ming , You Mei Li
Published: September 2011

Tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB), a liquid organic peroxide, has been widely employed in the petrifaction industry as a polymerization formation agent. This study investigated the thermokinetic parameters of TBPB by isothermal kinetic algorithms and non-isothermal kinetic equations, using thermal activity monitor III (TAM III) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. Simulations of 0.5 L, 25 kg, 55 gallon, and 400 kg reactors in liquid thermal explosion models were performed. It is based on the thermal hazard properties, such as the heat of decomposition (∆Hd), activation energy (Ea), self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT), control temperature (CT), emergency temperature (ET), and critical temperature (TCR). From the experimental results, the optimal conditions to avoid violent runaway reactions during the storage and transportation of TBPB were determined.
Preparation and Performance of RTV Coating for Anti-Pollution Flashover with Superhydrophobicity by Filling CaCO3/SiO2 Composite Particles into Silicone Rubber
Authors: Hai Jing , Yang Jin Xin , Cheng Jiang , Yang Zhuo Ru
Published: September 2011

Room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone rubber coating with superhydrophobicity for anti-pollution flashover is prepared by filling silica-encapsulated calcium carbonate particles (CaCO3/SiO2 composite particles) into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) rubber. Two-step spraying technology is applied for fabricating the superhydrophobic RTV coating film on outdoor insulators. The primary spray coating provides basically the strong adhesion and certain hydrophobicity, and the second one produces the appropriate roughness structure and further enhances the superhydrophobicity. The water contact angle on the prepared RTV coating film is 165°and the sliding (rolling) angle of water droplet is about 5°, allowing water droplets to move easily on the coating surface and give self-cleaning function of the RTV coated insulator surface. The flashover voltage of insulators with superhydrophobic RTV coating is 29.95 kV, quite higher than that of insulators with common RTV coating (23.29) and that without RTV coating (11.34 kV).
Max-Min Ant System Approach for Solving Construction Site Layout
Authors: Ning Xin , Liu Wen Han
Published: September 2011

A good site layout can promote site safety and efficient operations. Previous research of this area focused on genetic algorithms, simulated annealing, and tabu search and the solutions were obtained by the iteration of the initial feasible solutions, which differed fundamentally from the reality. In designing a site layout, a planner will first position the key facilities that influence the method and sequence of construction mostly, and will then assign the remaining facilities in the available space that is left over. This process is similar to the positioning of facilities in the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithms. In this study, we used Max-min Ant System (MMAS), which is one of ACO algorithm is employed to solve construction site layout planning. The results show that MMAS can be successfully applied to resolve site layout problems.
Research of Properties and Microstructure on High-Strength Casting of Turbo-Charger
Authors: Pan An Xia
Published: September 2011

Combining with productive practice, production of intermediate castings in high-strength turbochargers under the condition of intermediate frequency furnaces is analysed in this paper. By adopting measures of compound inoculation and increasing Sulfur, 95% type A graphite and high-strength intermediate castings whose tensile strength is 300 MPa are acquired. Furthermore, moderate amounts of S and Mn as well as CE values are determined according to test results. As for thin-wall gray cast iron with high strength and complicate structure, when w S is low and w C is high, castings with good graphite form can be produced. But it is not stable and the strength is low. Adding inoculants like Calballoy and Si-Ca-Ba can significantly improve the graphite form on the edge of thin-walls. When w C is stabilized at about 4.1, stable and continuous production of high strength gray cast iron with good graphite form can be guaranteed by adding sulfur and controlling the amount of Mn. The proportion of A type graphite and that of pearlite are both more than 90%.When high-strength gray cast iron is produced in intermediate frequency furnaces, w S should be controlled between 0.1% and 0.12% and wMn should be controlled between 0.5% and 0.55%.
Property and Application of Austempered Ductile Cast Iron
Authors: Luo Guang Si
Published: September 2011

Austempered ductile cast iron is newly developed engineering material with a favorable combination of comprehensive mechanical properties. Its properties, such as good comprehensive mechanical properties, high fatigue strength, and good fiction and wear characteristics are included. The application of ADI at home and abroad was presented as well. In order to ensure and improve mechanical properties of ADI, it should ensure high rank nodularity in terms of nodular cast iron, improve graphite nodules, reduce segregation and properly cut down the content of silicon and manganese. While in terms of heat treatment, in order to achieve ideal austenite ferrites, stable and reliable heat treatment process as well as relevant equipment is required.
Investigation on the Load Capacity and Failure Process of T-Joint by Experiments and Numerical Method
Authors: Hu Ping , Shao Qi , Nie Qian , Li Wei Dong
Published: September 2011

Adhesive bonded T-joint is commonly applied in the manufacture of automotive structures. The objective of this work is the analysis of the load capacity of the adhesive-bonded T-joints under tension load and the influence causing by some parameters of adherend on the damage of T-joint. Thus, a series of tests were carried out and the balanced joint and the imbalanced joint concepts were proposed to illustrate the influence. And the results show that the imbalanced joints suffered greater stress concentration than the balanced one. Furthermore, by increasing the stiffness of adherends , one can increase the load capacity of a balanced joint. Meanwhile, in order to simulate the damage and failure processes in this type of joint, the cohesive zone model (CZM) based analysis was carried out using finite element method in ABAQUS. One can observed that only the upper end of adhesive layer transmits the load in the beginning.
Application of Wavelet Envelope Spectrum Analysis in Air Blower Rotating Stall Failure Diagnosis
Authors: Ma Zi Qin , Gao Jin Chao , Zhang Zuo Qian , Kang Da Li
Published: September 2011

Based on qualitative analysis in mechanism of air blowers rotating stall, wavelet envelope spectrum are applied in failure signal analysis of catalytic cracking unit main air blower in a petrochemical company. By utilizing time & frequency localization characteristics of wavelet analysis and extracting detail characteristic of air blower failure, and by Hilbert envelope spectrum analysis, faults are determined and located. The method is applied to failure signal analysis and processing of catalytic cracking unit main air blower in a petrochemical company, which has made a good progress.
Realization of the Internet Based Telecooperation Robot System
Authors: Fu Xiu Hui , Ouyang Shu Li
Published: September 2011

In recent years, internet based telerobotics has become more and more important in our lives and scientific research, there are many scholars dedicated to this research fields, especially the cooperation in the system. So, in order to research the cooperation problems in operator with operator, robot with robot and operator with robot in multi-operator multi-robot teleoperation system, built a two-operator two-robot telecooperation system, realized the two operators control the two robots cooperating with each other to complete items handover respectively. This article has given the solution of the items handover in the cooperative teleoperation system, designed the telecooperation robot system, given the specific experiment process and verified the feasibility of the scheme through the remote cooperation handover experiment. The realization of the system has the very prominent realistic significance, especially provides the experiment platform for the research of the multi-robot telecooperation system.
Magnetorheological Fluid and Design of Magnetorhelogical Devices
Authors: Xiong Chao , Zheng Jian , Fang Li Qing , Ma Chun Ting
Published: September 2011

Magnetorheological (MR) fluid is a new kind of smart materials, which can be transformed from Newtonian fluid into visco-plastic solid rapidly in the presence of magnetic field. In this paper, the material composition, characteristics and constitutive relation of this smart material were discussed. The operational principles of MR devices in flow, shear and squeeze mode were generalized in detail. The design technique of structural parameters and magnetic circuit of MR devices were investigated. Especially, some important technical points on dimension of fluid gap, magnetic core material and the direction of magnetic flux density were sumarized. All of these can give a valuable referrence for MR devices design. As an example, a MR damper in shear-valve mode was designed, and some experiments were carried on it. From the experimental result, it shown that the MR damper has an excellent damping force characteristics. This also proved the design technique put forward by author was validated.
The Influence of Phase Transformation Cycling on Improving of Plasticity and Microstructure of Fe-14Mn-4Si-8Cr-4Ni Alloy
Authors: Xie Wen Ling , Zhou Shun Yong , Guo Cui Xia , Pei Yan Yang , Wen Yu Hua
Published: September 2011

The influence of phase transformation cycle times on the plasticity and microstructure of FeMnSiCrNi alloy was researched in this paper. The results show that phase transformation cycling can significantly improve the plasticity of the alloy. Plasticity is improved with the increase of cycles. The elongation gets to 87.6% after 5 cycles, it increases 150% compared with non-treated. The more cycle times, the grain is smaller. During the inverse transformation the second phase directional precipitation significantly harden austenite and improve the reversibility of stress-induced martensite. Due to interaction of the second phase strengthening and grain refinement, the plasticity and strength of alloy are both increased significantly. This method provides a new way for the realization of transformation superplasticity.
Study on Milling Testing of WC-Co Cemented Carbides Diamond Coated PCB Milling Cutters
Authors: Zheng You Yi , Wu Lei , Zhang Chun Lin
Published: September 2011

Because of the complicated shape of the structural characteristics of the tool and the use of performance requirements, the tool substrate pretreatment, deposition equipment and deposition process, diamond film after film substrate adhesion test and tool evaluation has its own peculiarities. Currently, study on the complex shape of diamond coated tools At home and abroad is still in its infancy, and the further study complicated shape for the deposition of diamond coatings on cutting tools and milling properties of adhesion is even more lacking towards to complex shapes for the structural characteristics of diamond coated tool and use requirements. In this paper, it will use the WC-Co (YG6) PCB carbide cutter (STARBIDE455060, diameter 6.35mm) as the matrix material and use the milling testing of glass fiber reinforced composite to assess the adhesion of diamond coated tools and milling performance.
Synthesis of Spherical Zinc Oxide Micro-Flower via an Electric Field-Assisted Homogeneous Precipitation Method
Authors: Liang Xiu Juan , Hu Xiao Fang , Weng Xing Xing , Hu Da Wei , Ji Hai Xu
Published: September 2011

This paper presents the experimental results on electric field-assisted synthesis of spherical Zinc Oxide (ZnO) micro-flower in an homogeneous precipitation method. The synthesis processes with and without an electric field were compared. The products were characterized via SEM, XRD, TGA and FT-IR spectrum. The results show that the spherical ZnO micro-flower composed of ZnO single crystalline nanoparticles have thickness of about 10nm, width of about 50nm.The SEM results show that the application of an electric field caused the morphology transformation from flake-like to flower-like. It was found that an electric field had an effect on the crystal structure,the particle size and morphology.
Research on the Maximum Flow of Air Traffic Network Based on Discrete Time Loss Queuing
Authors: Wu Zhen Ya , Hu Jun , Huang Zhong Tao
Published: September 2011

As maximum flow could be used as a significant indicator of congestion in air traffic network, the flow model was then proposed in the study. When air traffic was influenced by emergencies, this model, adopting the discrete time loss queuing, could obtain the transition probability matrix by building conflicting factors. Then, with the loss probability of network, the theoretical maximum flow was calculated.
Investigation of Phase Composition and Microstructure of the B4C/BN Nanocomposite Powders and the B4C/BN Nanocomposites Sintered Bulks
Authors: Jiang Tao
Published: September 2011

In this research, the B4C/BN nanocomposite powders were fabricated by chemical reaction and heat treatment process, then the B4C/BN nanocomposites bulks were fabricated by hot-pressing process. The B4C/BN nanocomposite powders were fabricated by chemical reaction at 550°C for 15h and heat treatment at 850°C for 6h. The B4C/BN nanocomposites bulks were fabricated by hot-pressing process at 1850°C for 1h under the pressure of 30MPa. In this research, the phase composition and microstructure of the B4C/BN nanocomposite powders produced by chemical reaction and heat treatment process were investigated. The phase composition and microstructure of the B4C/BN nanocomposites produced by hot-pressing process were investigated. The XRD patterns results showed that there existed the B4C phase and amorphous BN phase in the composite powders produced by chemical reaction and heat treatment, and the amorphous BN phase completely transformed into the h-BN phase by hot-pressing process. The XRD patterns results showed that there existed the B4C phase and h-BN phase in the composites sintered bulks. The microstructure of the synthesized B4C/BN composite powders showed that the B4C particles were surrounded with the amorphous BN nano-sized particles, the thickness of amorphous BN coated layer was about 300-500nm. The B4C/BN nanocomposites exhibited the homogenous and compact microstructure, and the nano-sized h-BN particles were homogenously distributed in the B4C matrix. The mean particles size of B4C matrix was about 2-3μm, the length of nano-sized h-BN particles was about 1-2μm and width of nano-sized h-BN particles was about 100-200nm. The B4C/BN nanocomposites bulks exhibited more homogenous and compact microstructure with the increase of h-BN content.
Effect of Dopants on Microstructure and Properties of Polyaniline and Polypyrrole
Authors: Yang Lei , Zhang Chang Sen
Published: September 2011

Polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy) doping with hydrochloric acid (HCl), p-toluenesulfonate (pTSA) were successfully synthesized by chemical oxidation polymerization. Ammonium peroxydisulfate was used as an oxidizing agent at room temperature. Microstructure of PPy and PANI was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Discussed the acid concentration how influenced on the electrical conductivity properties of PANI and PPy, and also compared their resistivity and thermal stability. The results showed that HCl effectively improved conductive properties of PANI in a wide range concentrations, and pTSA in narrow range concentrations. When doping with HCl, the minimum volume resistivity of PANI was 0.24 Ω • cm, and PPy was about 10.5 Ω • cm. When doping with pTSA, the volume resistivity minimum of PANI was 1.3 Ω • cm, and PPy was 15.8 Ω • cm. The conductivity of PPy was weaker than PANI. The thermal stability of conducting polymers which doping with pTSA was better than which doping with HCl.
Numerical Simulation of Hot Forging for the Disc of Superalloy GH4169
Authors: Zhang Yan Shu , Liu Xiao Fei
Published: September 2011

In this paper, the hot deformation behavior of GH4169 superalloy were investigated at temperature of 900-1020°C and at strain rate of 0.001-0.1up to a 60% height reduction of the sample using isothermal constant strain rate compression tests on process annealed material. The high temperature deformation behaviour of pure titanium was characterized based on an analysis of the stress–strain curves The proposed constitutive equation and the stress-strain curves were implanted into DEFORM2D, a hot forging process for the disc of GH4169 was simulated, and the micro-variable, recrystallized volume fraction, average grain size, recrystallized grain size and etc., were plotted with a contoured figure. According to the comparision between the experimental and predicted result, the absolute error between them is acceptable. The method for microstructure prediction will be significant to the engineering.
Effect of Microwave Drying on Dyeing Rate of Cotton Yarn
Authors: Zhu Zi Na , Meng Zhuo , An Guang Chao , Sun Yi Ze
Published: September 2011

Focusing on the residual amount of liquid ammonia in modified cotton yarn, this paper presents a new method of drying the liquid ammonia by microwave. An experimental system is designed to find whether this new method is correct and to analyse the effect of microwave drying on the dyeing rate of cutton yarn. Firstly, the microwave drying experiment is carried out to prove that this new drying method is better than the traditional steam drying way. Then, another contrast experiment on the dyeing rate confirms the good effect of microwave drying. So it is concluded that microwave drying is an efficient and energy-saving way to remove the remaining liquid ammonia. Meanwhile, the experimental results provide the relevant data to make guiding sense to engineering application.
Comparative Study on Thermal, Compressive, and Wear Properties of Palm Slag Brake Pad Composite with other Fillers
Authors: Ghazali Che Mohd Ruzaidi , Kamarudin H. , Jamaludin Shamsul Baharin , Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri
Published: September 2011

The attractive performance-to-cost ratio associated with the incorporation of waste material in composite formulations used to produce brake pads has stimulated the idea of exploring the possible incorporation of additional waste materials in such formulations. Thus, the viability of adding palm slag to the composite formulation used in brake pads was investigated, and the results are reported in this paper. In addition, other fillers, such as calcium carbonate and dolomite, were used for comparative purposes. The properties examined included thermal properties, compressive strength, and wear behavior. The results showed that palm slag has significant potential for use as an alternative to the existing fillers in the composite formulations used to produce brake pads.
Effects of La on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy and its Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Jin Ling , Wang She Bin , Qi Xiao Ye , Xu Bing She
Published: September 2011

Microstructure changes brought by the addition of La element to AZ91 magnesium alloy are studied, also, the precipitating phases were identified and their influence on the mechanical properties of alloys was investigated. Results show La makes refinement of microstructure of the AZ91 alloy, and decrease the size of Mg17Al12 phase. La element takes a priority to react with Al element over Mg, forming binary phase Al11La3 with high melting point. Certain amount of La increases tensile strength, yield strength and elongation. With more addition, La would combine more Al in matrix and decrease strengthening effect, because Al11La3 phase would become coarsening. The mechanical poroerties tests indicate that AZ91+0.16%La alloy has the best properties. Maximum tensile strength, maximum yield strength and elongation are 245MPa, 178MPa and 14.5% respective, increased by 21%, 19% and 48% respectively. The mechanism of La strenthing mechanical properties is proposed that Al11La3 phase enriched on solid-liquid interface, increased the degree of supercooling, refined the grain size and changed the crystal style.
Modeling and Simulation of Hydraulic System of the Tower-Belt Based on Power Bond Graph
Authors: Wang Jun Zhou , Zhou Jian Zhong , Cao Guang Jing , Zhang Xiao Yuan
Published: September 2011

Based on the working principle of the TC2400 Tower-belt, the power bond graph of the hoisting mechanism hydraulic system was established under the listing loads condition. The dynamic equations of the system were deduced according to the logical relations amongst the established power bond graph variables. Based on the dynamic equations of the system, the system’s simulation model was established using the block diagram of SIMULINK. By setting the simulation parameters of the hydraulic system, this simulation was carried out, and the performance curve of the hydraulic system was obtained. The simulation results checked the validity of the simulation method, proved the feasibility to build model and simulate the hydraulic system of the large construction machinery by combining power bond graph with SIMULINK, and provided a theoretical direction for improving and optimizing the system.
Open Automatic Laser Engraving System
Authors: Yan Heng Feng , Chen Ji Min , Shao Jun
Published: September 2011

This paper describes a new laser engraving system for automation. It is a different open system from traditional ones. The system excludes sealed machine housing so that it is convenient for automatic loading and unloading. This paper also discussed safety issues which came with the open housing structure. At the end of this article, you will find the design of automatic loading and unloading with pneumatic components and a PC-based controller.
Digital Frequency Multiplying Method for the Power System Frequency Tracking Based on FPGA
Authors: Gao Cui Yun , Li Wen Jing , Liu Ming , Han Ru
Published: September 2011

The paper propose the digital frequency multiplying method based on frequency de-noising on FPGA, aiming at the frequency aliasing of the high frequency interference in the power system frequency tracking circuit. The basic principle and hardware realization are discussed.The performance of the system is tested using two different system clock, the experiments show that: This method can eliminate the error caused by frequency aliasing, and improve the interference immunity of the system. In addition, experiments also proved that using higher system clock can improve accuracy absolutely.
Study on Intelligent Control of Milling Process Based on MATLAB
Authors: Lai Xing Yu , Yan Chun Yan , Ye Bang Yan , Li Wei Guang
Published: September 2011

In order to achieve the intelligent control of milling process, an experimental platform is constructed in XK5140 CNC machine tool. The control system is based on the Simulink model of MATLAB and the controller is established by programming S-function. The experiments are performed on steel workpiece with variable depth of cut by controlling milling force. The experimental results show that the intelligent control of the milling process is feasible using this experimental platform. The proposed controller can adaptively adjust the feed rate till achieving a constant cutting force approaching the set point in varied cutting conditions. CNC milling machine can make full use of its manufacturing capacity when processing the parts, thus improving the cutting efficiency and protecting the tool.
Adaptive Simulated Annealing Genetic Algorithm for Optimizing Injection Production Parameters of Steam Flood Well
Authors: Sun Tian Jian , Shi Jun Feng , Yu Xing He
Published: September 2011

The development effect of steam flood well is influenced by the combination of the following parameters: injection speed, dryness fraction of steam, temperature of injection steam, and bottom hole flowing pressure. Taking the advantage of adaptive simulated annealing genetic algorithm with the characteristic of fast search and globally optimization, and combine with the mathematical model of the steam flood well. Maximization of the vapor-liquid interface factor is the target to optimize injection production parameter of the steam flood well, the results of the optimization shows that cumulative oil production increases obviously.
Experiment Research on Bionic Structure of Mechanically Coupled Diaphragms for Sound Source Localization
Authors: Wang Qing Sheng , Liu Xiao Hang , Li Ning
Published: September 2011

Studies on orientation mechanisms of the auditory systems and research of bionic structures of subminiature creatures, especially of the parasitoid fly Ormia Ochracea which has a remarkable ability to detect the direction of the incident sound stimulus despite of its tiny body size, may provide preferable solutions for the miniaturization of acoustic localization structure. In this paper, the bionic acoustic sensing device are set up and taken as the research object to find feasible orientation mechanisms, and experiments on bionic acoustic sensing device are conducted after the test system has been established.
Electrical Errors Analysis and Correction for Time Grating Displacement Sensor
Authors: Zhang Tian Heng , Peng Dong Lin , Yang Ji Sen , Wang Xian Quan
Published: September 2011

Error analysis of measuring instruments is a significant part in the process of measuring instruments design with which primary error factors influencing measuring accuracy can be obtained. In order to correctly analyze and evaluate the sensors errors, the influence on final measurement result caused by error factors of all parts should be taken into account. Electric error consist zero voltage error and power errors including amplitude errors, phase errors and frequency errors. It will be difficult and cost much to improve accuracy of measurement with hardware method. So error correction technology is employed to ensure system accuracy. This method not only improves accuracy effectively but also reduces manufacturing cost of measuring instruments. In addition, errors suppression technology based on error separation, error correction of the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and negative feedback model is proposed. Improving Time­-grating displacement sensor’s measurement accuracy plays an important role in the mass production of Time-grating displacement sensor.
Design and Study on Intrinsically Safe Circuit of Portable Infrared Methane Alarming Device
Authors: Wang Xiao Hui , Wang Jing Yu , Zhang Jing Lin , Liang Ting
Published: September 2011

Based on the theory of infrared absorption, a new kind of portable methane alarming device has been developed with the advantages that cost-low, maintenance-free, miniaturization, and integration. Intrinsically safe circuit is absolutely necessary, because the device is installed in the explosive gas environment. To improve the detection accuracy and increase the safety of the coal mine, the device’s intrinsically safe circuit has been designed. All parameters of the circuit are designed in accordance with IEC 60079-0-2007 Explosive atmospheres-Part 0: Equipment - General requirements and IEC 60079-11-2006 Explosive atmospheres-Part 11: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety “i”. The related analyses and calculation results show that this intrinsically safe circuit is workable and reliable.
IT-Infrastructure for an Integrated Visual Analysis of Distributed Heterogeneous Simulations
Authors: Meisen Tobias , Reinhard Rudolf , Beer Thomas , Schilberg Daniel , Jeschke Sabina
Published: September 2011

Computational simulations are used for the optimization of production processes in order to significantly reduce the need for costly experimental optimization approaches. Yet individual simulations can rarely describe more than a single production step. Hence, a set of simulations has to be used to simulate a contiguous representation of a complete production process. Besides, sim­ulated results have to be analyzed by domain experts to gather insight from the performed computa­tions. In this paper, an IT-infrastructure is proposed that aims at a rather non-intrusive way of inter­connecting simulations and domain expert’s knowledge to facilitate the collaborative setup, execu­tion and analysis of distributed simulation chains.
Research on QoS Services to MPLS Enabled Industrial Control Network
Authors: Zhou Sen Xin , Ju Gen Gui , Sheng Pen Fei
Published: September 2011

In general, data exchanged on an industrial network can be classified into two groups: realtime and non-realtime data. Non-real-time data do not have stringent time limits on their communication delays experienced during the data exchange. In contrast, real-time data have very strict time limits and the data’s value is diminished greatly as the communication delay grows larger. Therefore, when building an industrial network, the designer must configure the network to satisfy these requirements. MPLS provides extensive support for both integrated services/RSVP, and diff-serv QoS classes. Service providers can use MPLS to define classes of service (gold, premium, best-effort, etc.) and to define per-hop behavior (PHB) for each class to support the service. We use OPNET Modeler to design MPLS capabilities incorporating IntServ/DiffServ mechanisms into on an industrial network to ensure QoS under network failure conditions. We demonstrate how modern MPLS with QoS management techniques can control, but also complicate, prediction, and will finally illustrate how semi-empirical statistical techniques offer some resolution.
Research and Design on the Control System of the Deastringency of Fresh Persimmon
Authors: Li Yan Rong , Zhang Hai Yun , Wang Ai Min , Sima Zhong Wen
Published: September 2011

The application of mechatronics technology is introduced in the field of the national economic sectors. The traditional methods of deastringency in fresh persimmon are presented. And production process, quality identification, quality control and heat preservation method of using warm water for fresh persimmon deastringency are also introduced. The device of fresh persimmon deastringency of using warm water was designed and the electromechanical integration system structure and working principle were explained. Meanwhile, the system of control flow diagram was given and the problem of temperature control was focused on. Finally, the superiority of the system compared with traditional methods was summarized.