bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vigilantism among the Community in Aceh Against the Accused of Violating the Shariah Criminal Law
Authors: Faisal Husen Ismail  , Jasni Sulong  , Zaitun Muzana  , Sabirin  , Arwanyah Bin Kirin
Published: January 2023

This article aims to study triggering factors to make vigilantism against perpetrators of jinayat sharia law violation in Aceh and analyze vigilantism based on the same law. This qualitative research uses literature study and field research as the approach methods. Relevant books, journals, newspapers, and laws and regulations are the primary references while the field study was conducted by interviewing respondents from Islamic criminal law enforcement officers in Aceh. This study found that the emotional attitude of the community, the attitude of joining in, the length of the trial process, the experience of freeing the perpetrators from punishment, and fights between the community and the perpetrators are factors that encourage people to take vigilante actions. The research also found that the punishment of being married off, being bathed in dirty water, as well as beating the accused before being tried in the court were acts that violated the procedures for the Aceh criminal law (Qanun Jinayat). It thus recommends further research related to the reflection of the implementation of Qanun Jinayat in Aceh for the sake of achieving the purpose beyond the qanun.
Influência do encapsulamento do biocarvão ativado produzido a partir de casca de banana com alginato de sódio para remoção de fósforo em meio aquoso
Authors: Godinho Barbosa de Oliveira Izabelle Nathália , Gláucia Guimarães Luanna , Ribeiro dos Santos Hellem Victoria , Medici Frayne Cuba Renata , Cuba Terán Francisco Javier
Published: January 2023

O biocarvão ativado é um adsorvente que pode ser usado para a remoção de poluentes em meio aquoso através da técnica de adsorção. O trabalho tem como objetivo é avaliar a interferência do encapsulamento com alginato de sódio de biocarvão ativado produzido a partir de casca de banana para remoção de fósforo em meio aquoso, através de ensaios de ponto de carga zero, influência da massa e do pH na adsorção, cinética de adsorção e Isotermas de adsorção. Através das análises, foi possível observar que o desempenho, tanto do biocarvão em pó quanto do encapsulado aplicado através da técnica de adsorção, foi satisfatório para a remoção de fósforo, podendo ser aplicado para o tratamento de efluentes, tanto domésticos quanto industriais.
As três faces de uma pandemia: as abordagens polemológica, socioeconômica e de saúde
Authors: Dalexandro Hoelbriegel Anderson Marcelo , Belchior dos Santos Alexandre Luís , Cabral de Oliveira Eduardo Frederico
Published: January 2023

Compreendendo-se pandemia como um desastre de proporções mundiais, depreende-se que seu combate deva ser realizado por órgãos centrais de governo mais aptos a gerenciar crises e emergências. Primeiro, pela abordagem polemológica, buscou-se estudar cientificamente os conflitos como fenômeno social. Segundo, pela abordagem socioeconômica, procurou-se compreender como medidas sanitárias aplicadas pelos países no enfretamento à COVID-19 impactaram suas economias. E, por fim, através da abordagem de saúde, buscou-se identificar e discutir criteriosamente como a COVID-19 impactou os países. O artigo, apoiado em pesquisas de caráter exploratório, bibliográfico e documental, foi conduzido pelo método indutivo. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura com uso dos mecanismos nativos de busca da Scopus.  Em seguida, os documentos advindos da revisão passaram por análise bibliométrica e submetidos à uma análise qualitativa. Levando assim, à descoberta de que os impactos surgidos foram diferentes entre países centrais e periféricos.  Adicionalmente, foi constatado que, apesar da enorme disparidade econômica entre países, as nações centrais não conseguiram avançar no processo imunizatório.  E foi proposto que o estudo seja um ponto de partida para a necessidade de uma abordagem multidisciplinar, com o uso de ferramentas de análise de dados, para nortear as decisões dos gestores públicos. Além disso, a partir deste estudo, podem surgir oportunidades para pesquisas futuras relacionadas ao tema, como, por exemplo, o desenvolvimento de um modelo de governança nacional, considerando os riscos de surgimento de novos surtos pandêmicos, em razão do aquecimento global e/ou a utilização sustentável de recursos naturais, por meio do avanço das cidades sobre florestas.
Água: um bem de natureza difusa e seu representante legal
Authors: Espinosa Gomes Cordeiro Carolina , Eduardo Miranda Pinto Augusto , Paes Ferreira Maria Inês
Published: January 2023

A presente pesquisa busca analisar a responsabilidade civil e ambiental, investigar se a concepção de sujeito de direitos poderia ser aplicada a algum corpo hídrico brasileiro e, neste caso hipotético, quem seria o interlocutor principal dos corpos hídricos. Tem-se como objetivo identificar a natureza jurídica da função social do uso da água na legislação brasileira; analisar o regime jurídico das águas em outros países que a reconhecem como sujeito de direitos; analisar os Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas (CBHs) no Brasil; investigar se a concepção de direito natural poderia ser aplicada ao caso brasileiro, adotando-se como hipótese que os CBHs seriam os interlocutores principais dos corpos hídricos. A metodologia empregada é a qualitativa, dados primários partirão da percepção ambiental captada via entrevistas com membros dos CBHs e serão associados a dados secundários, coletados a partir de revisão bibliográfica.
Struggling with Development
Authors: Buana Mirza Satria
Published: January 2023

This research examines the concept of a regional wide-ranging autonomy principle that aims to promote local uniqueness and traditions and their impact on the rights and protections of traditional communities and their Traditional Knowledge (TK). Empirical data collected from early to mid-2021 in Barito Kuala District, Indonesia, was used. The results revealed that the local government has no practical autonomy, nor does it protect traditional communities from the negative effects of development projects as all regional Bills must uphold the limited affairs stated in the 2014 Regional Autonomy Act. The sources of this bottleneck are the ambiguities in the Constitution and the loopholes in the 2014 Act. These legal flaws are worsened by elite connections in central and local governments creating a ‘trade-off’, in which the local government must uphold the Unitary State doctrine while the central government remains silent about the corrupt political dynasties in the district. This study advances the existing contemporary understanding of decentralization and development projects that often contradict the law.
 
Keywords: Indonesia decentralization; agricultural traditions; law and development; traditional farmers; national and local elites.
Adequacy of Public Information for Meaningful E-Participation in Policy-Making
Authors: Junaenah Inna , Yunus Abd Shukor Mohd , Hashim Normawati
Published: January 2023

Within the first two years of COVID-19’s exposure, countries around the world mitigated, among other things, social mobility control, resulting in other limitations on fundamental rights, such as freedom of movement and peaceful assembly. Within the rights restrictions, the desire of citizens to satisfy their desire for information and exercise their right to free expression was insatiable. The authors argue that citizens deserve access to sufficient information in order for them to have a meaningful right to participate. At the same time, electronic means can be an additional feature to channel public participation in policy-making. Regrettably, the primary platform adopted in Human Rights laws in operationalizing the right to participate in public affairs remains minimal to coexist meaningful e-participation embarked on the adequacy of the right to information based on Human Rights (HR) standards. This study aims to answer how a justification for meaningful e-participation in law-making can be defined. It also queries which framework can provide sufficient public information based on a rights-based approach. The study leverages the convention of civil and political rights (ICCPR) as the primary legal instrument for a qualitative doctrinal approach. The study suggests that adequate information should be in one package with e-participation to optimize the enjoyment of the right to participate in policy-making.                                   
Keywords:  Law-Making, meaningful e-Participation, Right-Based, Right to Information
Evaluation of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Cases: Clinical Features and Cardiologic Findings
Authors: KARA Yalçın , KIZIL Mahmut Can , BOZAN Gürkan , KIRAL Eylem , SÜLÜ Ayşe , KOSGER Pelin , KILIÇ Ömer , UCAR Birsen , DINLEYICI, MD Ener
Published: January 2023

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a disease characterized by hyperinflammation with multiple organ involvement that develops after COVID-19 infection. In this study, we aimed to assess the clinical characteristics, cardiologic findings, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results of MIS-C cases. Thirty-one patients diagnosed with MIS-C and followed up at Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine between November 2020 and June 2022 were included in the study. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics and cardiological findings of the patients were evaluated retrospectively. Fifty-five percent of the thirty-one MIS-C cases were male and the mean age was 102 (2-204) months. The most common presenting symptoms were fever, rash, conjunctivitis, and abdominal pain. The most common cardiac findings were left ventricular dysfunction, myocarditis, and coronary artery dilatation. Cardiac MRI was performed in 4 of 8 patients with severe cardiac findings, and no pathologic findings were noted. Patients who had hypotension and cardiogenic shock at the time of admission, who had high ferritin, D-dimer, and IL -6 levels on laboratory tests, and who had left ventricular dysfunction and myocarditis on echocardiography had a high rate of ICU admission. The degree of cardiovascular involvement is important in following up on the disease and determining the treatment regimen. All patients should be monitored by echocardiography and cardiac MRI for possible permanent cardiac damage. Although MIS-C can lead to serious, life-threatening cardiac manifestations, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent the risk of serious cardiac morbidity and mortality in the future.
Beyond hard barriers: Lack of aspiration as a soft barrier to access higher education amongst youth living in low-income housing estate
Authors: Mseleku Z.
Published: January 2023

This article explores the perceived barriers inhibiting the youth’s access to higher education. The article goes beyond the hard barriers to explore “lack of aspiration” as a soft barrier impeding access to higher education amongst the youth. In this article, the term “soft barrier” refers to lack of aspiration, a less tangible aspect that is much more subjective and less easily measurable. On the other hand, “hard barriers” are understood as factual issues that are easily recognisable and measurable, financial issues, for instance. This article interrogates lack of access to tertiary education as a key development problem in South Africa. Hence, the youth are underdeveloped socially, economically, and academically. The article draws from youth experiences to interrogate inadequate access to tertiary education and its impact on youth vulnerability. In this qualitative study, youth residing at Kenneth Gardens were interviewed to generate data. This study found lack of aspiration as a major soft barrier impeding the youth from accessing higher education. Among other factors, this study also found financial issues, informational barriers, and inability to meet the minimum university entry requirements as the underlying hard barriers impeding young people from accessing higher education. Keywords: aspirations, barriers, capabilities, development, higher education and youth
Feat or futile: Students' perceptions of group work at a University of Technology in South Africa
Authors: Hall I. , Erasmus R. , Haywood C.
Published: January 2023

The increase in student enrolment at tertiary institutions in South Africa over the past few years has necessitated the need for group work without sacrificing the standard and integrity of education. Research has shown that group work offers many advantages to both lecturers and students. Interactive attributes such as teamwork, co-operation skills, leadership qualities, communication skills and confidentiality developed during group work are highly sought-after skills by prospective employers. This quantitative study aimed to determine whether students are positively or negatively inclined towards group work, as well as other possible factors influencing group work at a university of technology (UoT) in South Africa. A structured, close-ended questionnaire was administered to 309 students enrolled for the Applied Communication Skills course. The data were analysed using statistical methods. The results revealed that listening skills and mutual respect were crucial to develop good interpersonal skills needed for effective group work. When working in groups, students tend towards collectivism and negative aspects of group work, such as social loafing, are often overseen to maintain harmony and avoid direct confrontation with other individuals in the group. It was also found that male students agreed more strongly with negative conflict resolution than female students. Overall, the study showed that despite several negative aspects, students tended to be positively inclined towards group work. Keywords: group work, students, university of technology (UoT), perceptions, conflict
Whose language is it anyway? Students’ sense of belonging and role of English for Higher Education in the multilingual, South African context
Authors: Joubert M. , Sibanda B.
Published: January 2023

The current decolonial commitments in Higher Education necessitate a need to deepen our understanding of the relationship between English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) and students’ sense of belonging, their identity, and epistemological access. This article investigates how EMI influences students’ personal and academic identities as well as their sense of belonging to the higher education space. Using student focus groups, this study is exploratory in nature and informed by the voices of undergraduate and postgraduate Humanities students at a South African university in the Free State. The responses were mixed, but there was general consensus that although English does have a place in higher education and can contribute to their sense of belonging, it also has an adverse effect on their identity; the use of indigenous languages provides them with greater epistemological access. A differentiated approach to multilingualism is a possible way forward. Keywords: English as a medium of instruction, belonging, higher education, identity, epistemological access, multilingualism
Belonging and Becoming in the space[s] of Higher Education
Authors: Horner B.
Published: January 2023

This article explores the intimate entanglement of students Becoming and Belonging in the informal spaces of higher education. In so doing, it raises the many possible ways of belonging and becoming at a South African university. The entwined relationship’s contribution to student identity construction and the potential to exercise agency [or not] is discussed. The theme of Belonging and Becoming emanated from a PhD study that employed visual methodology, specifically photography, to capture students in informal spaces on campus that were of significance to them. The data arose from interviews with student participants and a larger body of students who viewed the photographs as part of an exhibition on campus. The article draws on the concepts of mobility and spatiality, recognising the dynamic nature of campus spaces that are constantly in a state of being socially reproduced. The article recommends that higher education’s obligations extend beyond students’ academic advancement. Keywords: informal spaces, higher education, belonging, becoming, identity construction, agency
The need to linger: Can we change everyday discourse to enhance belonging in higher education?
Authors: Rudman S.
Published: January 2023

A student’s sense of belonging plays an important role in their overall experience and success at university. One of the factors which influence such a sense of belonging is the manner in which one is able to connect with those around one. On South African university campuses, student “connections” are often short-circuited by the tendency to “other” those from different ethnic / racial backgrounds. This happens despite the general abundance of “transformation talk” on campuses and much professed insight into issues of discrimination. This article considers the relationship between talk and authenticity with reference to Heidegger’s theory on the everydaynesss of discourse as well as his proposal that real understanding requires a willingness to “linger”. Content analysis of student reflections on a module which created an opportunity for students to “linger” with the “other” implies the potential which such spaces may have in facilitating “connections” otherwise perceived as unlikely. Keywords: sense of belonging, everydayness of discourse, diversity, stereotyped assumptions, othering, idle talk
Belonging, wellbeing and stress with online learning during COVID-19
Authors: Blignaut S. , Pheiffer G. , Visser A. , Le Grange L. , Maistry S. , Ramrathan L. , Simmonds S.
Published: January 2023

Sense of belonging, perceived stress and wellbeing are reported factors that influence students’ university experience and learning. The COVID-19 pandemic and shift to online emergency remote teaching were likely to exacerbate these affective dimensions of student experience. This article employed a quantitative survey research design to determine how students’ sense of belonging, perceived stress and wellbeing were influenced during the pandemic. An online questionnaire was administered to 537 South African students at one residential university. Data analysis was performed using multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that platform pedagogy was a significant predictor of belonging, perceived stress, and wellbeing, while lecturers’ pedagogical competence was not. Lived learning experience of online learning was a significant predictor of perceived stress, and communication was a significant predictor of belonging. The importance of the learning environment in student belonging and wellbeing is key to student success and this study provides insights for developing targeted interventions. Keywords: university students, sense of belonging, perceived stress, wellbeing, platform pedagogy
Self-identity discrepancy theory: Exploring returning South African Cuban-trained medical students sense of belonging
Authors: Donda B. M. , Singaram V. , Hift R.
Published: January 2023

Background: The Nelson Mandela-Fidel Castro Collaboration programme (NMFCMC) between South Africa and Cuba was established in 1996. South African students, undergo five years of medical training in Cuba and finish the final eighteen months of training in South Africa. These students experience academic difficulties on their return. Methods: All twelve NMFCMC students enrolled at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in 2015 participated in this study. Data were elicited using focus group interviews, narrative interviews, found photovoice and the Collage Life Story Elicitation Technique. Results: Challenges faced by participants resulted in identity discrepancy, which in turn promoted unfavourable attitudes, affect, psychological and physical behaviours towards participants’ belongingness. Conclusion: Returning NMFCMC students experienced difficulties in assimilation due to identity discrepancies and frustrated sense of belonging. Focusing on reinforcing positive aspects of identity, and interpersonal relationships through moderating the tendency of local teachers and students to emphasise the “otherness” of the NMFCMC student is crucial. Keywords: medical education, discrepancy theory, consequences of identity incongruence, sense of belonging, Nelson Mandela Fidel Castro Medical Collaboration Programme, South Africa
Using Smart Devices for monitoring elderly patients in rural areas of Calabria after COVID-19 Vaccination: Experiences within the SI-4CARE Project
Authors: Gallo Alessandro , Fregola Salvatore , Menon Margherita , Talarico Filomena , fragkiadaki Stella , Kontaxopolou Dionysia , Vukojevic Katarina , Matijaca Danira , Miodrag Miljkovic , Kožetinac Srdjan , Merola Alessio , Dimovski Vlado , Kejžar Anamarija , Radevic Ivan , Stevovic Danica , Martinovic Vlatka , Matesan Katja , Matkovic Roberta , Piccoli Guido , Esposito Francesco , Mayera Nicola , Pedace Elisabetta , Semrov Darjia , Guzzi Pietro Hiram
Published: January 2023

The SI4CARE project is a transnational project which aims to develop both strategy and 1 action plans to improve health and social care in the Adriatic-Ionian region. Starting from the 2 survey of the status quo, each partner has developed some pilots to to support the development 3 and monitoring of the policy actions. In particular Partner number three, Municipality of Miglierina, 4 designed and developed a pilot related to the use of wearable device for monitoring elderly patients 5 in rural areas. With the collaboration of the complex unity of primary cares (UCCP) of the Reventino 6 area, the pilot is based on the use of smart wearable device to monitor some parameters of elderly 7 people after the vaccination for flu and covid. This paper focuses on the design and implementation 8 of the system and describe its application in the Municipality of Miglierina, the presentation of the 9 results and the discussion of the strengths and weaknesses will be presented in detail in a future work. 10 Finally, the possibility of extending the experiment to the other Adriatic-Ionian region is presented.
IMPLIKASI PENGAMBILALIHAN PEMERINTAHAN AFGHANISTAN OLEH TALIBAN TERHADAP PEMBERIAN PENGAKUAN BERDASARKAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Noverikza Muhammad Fadjran
Published: January 2023

Pengambilalihan pemerintah Afghanistan oleh Taliban merupakan perbuatan inkonstusional. Pengaturan pemerintah baru dengan cara kudeta masih terlalu umum dan belum efektif dalam penerapannya. Penelitian hukum ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status pemerintahan Afghanistan rezim Taliban dan bagaimana konsep pemberian pengakuan dalam pengaturan internasional mengenai status pemerintah baru secara inkonstitusional. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dalam menentukan status pemerintahan baru didasarkan pada Konvensi Monteviedo 1933 Tentang Hak dan Kewajiban Negara dan terhadap Pengakuan Pemerintah baru melalui konsep De Facto dan De Jure belum ada yang mengakui Afghanistan sebagai pemerintahan yang berdaulat.
 
Desarrollo de un sistema de gestión de activos para mejorar su control en el departamento de Tecnología de Información de la empresa Industrias Plásticas Reunidas S.A.C.
Authors:   , Silva Polo Cesar Rolando , Ramírez García Víctor Jonathan
Published: January 2023

Actualmente en las organizaciones se necesita de sistemas de información que apoyen las actividades que se llevan a cabo en una empresa para lograr así procesos más rápidos y eficientes. Existen grandes ventajas al utilizar los sistemas de información, es por ellos que esta especialidad se ha convertido en una de las carreras con más demanda tanto en los institutos profesionales tecnológicos como en las universidades y a su vez, una de las áreas con mayor participación dentro de las organizaciones; ya que, utilizando la tecnología, se suelen obtener ahorros significativos en mano de obra como también optimizando procesos que favorecen a la eficiencia de las actividades diarias. Basándose en el concepto donde se determina que la información es el activo más valioso que tiene una organización (Pacheco, 2015), se precisan lineamientos como también técnicas y mecanismos claros que proporcionen un correcto control del hardware donde se almacena la información. El departamento de Tecnologías de Información de la empresa Industrias Plásticas Reunidas SAC, Cercado de Lima, no escapa a la necesidad de mejorar sus procesos internos implementando y desarrollando nuevas tecnologías. Es por ello, que el objetivo general de este proyecto se basa en el desarrollo de un sistema de gestión de activos que planea mejorar el control de los mismos con la finalidad de brindar un eficaz seguimiento de los equipos de cómputo asignado a los usuarios de las diferentes áreas de la empresa.
Sobre la necesidad de la descentralización y diversificación de las investigaciones científicas en los humedales costeros peruanos
Authors:   , Gómez-Sánchez Huaco Rodrigo , Cuba Páez Diego
Published: January 2023

En el litoral peruano, los humedales son ecosistemas de gran importancia para la biodiversidad local, migratoria y la población humana aledaña. Para entender mejor la distribución y tendencias del desarrollo científico en sus humedales costeros, se revisaron 173 investigaciones publicadas entre los años 2001 y 2020. Estos trabajos se caracterizan por a) su centralización en las regiones de Lima y Callao, b) mayor desarrollo de investigaciones en humedales costeros protegidos por el estado y c) por que en su mayoría contemplan las aves, la fauna y la flora (principalmente a nivel de listados de especies). Consideramos necesario una descentralización de la investigación hacia regiones, humedales y ámbitos temáticos menos estudiados, permitiéndonos tener un mejor panorama de la diversidad y necesidades de estos ecosistemas costeros.
Plan de negocio para la creación de una empresa de producción de un batido natural a base de almidón de papa - BatiPap
Authors:   , Oncoy Carhuapoma Adelis Nelvi , Sono Rodriguez Sarela Luisa
Published: January 2023

Este plan de negocios está dirigido a todos los emprendedores incipientes que deseen tener una guía para empezar con sus operaciones administrativas, operativas y comerciales. Asimismo, para todo tipo de lector que muestre interés en un plan de trabajo de negocio de bebidas naturales. Este proyecto, da a conocer un emprendimiento incipiente de la comercialización de un batido Natural a base de almidón de papa llamado “BatiPap”, con la funcionalidad de proteger la salud de las personas contra las enfermedades del sistema digestivo, especialmente la gastritis. Su creación, se remonta al año 2019, donde un grupo de compañeros universitarios tuvieron la oportunidad de presentar un prototipo inicial del producto, en una feria de innovación, logrando quedar en uno de los primeros puestos. El principal objetivo de esta empresa es la creación de productos 100% naturales dedicados a la conservación de la salud estomacal, brindando una experiencia diferente a los consumidores, para posicionar a los batidos como un hábito alimenticio. Es por esta razón, que se estima con seguridad de que la empresa será reconocida a nivel internacional, con un catálogo de productos diferentes dirigidos a cada una de las exigencias y necesidades de los consumidores.
Comparación de la acción solvente del óleo de naranja, eucaliptol y el óleo experimental de hierba luisa sobre los conos de gutapercha para técnica en frío y técnica termoplastificada
Authors:   , Saavedra Gonzales Paul Josep
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar la acción solvente del óleo de naranja, eucaliptol y el óleo experimental de hierba luisa sobre los conos de gutapercha para técnica en frío y técnica termoplastificada. Metodología: la muestra estuvo compuesto por conos de gutapercha N° 80 Endomedic y gutapercha F3 ProTaper Universal, 80 muestras las cuales fueron divididas en 20 por cada solvente.Se colocó 5ml de cada solvente en placas Petri cada cono de gutapercha Endomedic y ProTaper Universal durante 5 y 10 minutos, se lavó con 5ml en alcohol durante 5 minutos, el lavado final con agua y luego se secó a temperatura ambiente por una hora. La acción solvente se registró en gramos (gr) de pérdida de peso, entre el peso de pre inmersión y post inmersión de las muestras obtenidas, por cada tiempo experimental. Los resultados fueron analizados y comparados mediante la prueba de Tukey (p<0.05). Resultados: en las comparaciones finales de los pesos de gutapercha expuestos a los diferentes solventes no existieron diferencias significativas haciendo las comparaciones múltiples del óleo de hierba luisa con todos los otros solventes experimentales. Conclusión: El aceite de naranja, eucaliptol y el aceite experimental de hierba luisa presentaron efectos solventes similares a los 5 y 10 minutos en conos de gutapercha para técnica en frío y técnica termoplastificada.
Validez de un dispositivo no destructivo para apertura de arcadas dentarias de cadáveres en rigor mortis
Authors:   , Silva Chacón Maria Eugenia del Carmen Coromoto
Published: January 2023

Introducción: La autopsia dental forense es un procedimiento fundamental para el estudio de una muerte bajo investigación judicial en la búsqueda de información postmortem (PM) que pueda ser comparada con los datos antemortem (AM) disponibles en el cadáver. Una de las mayores dificultades en la toma de pruebas postmortem es la apertura de la boca, limitada en muchos casos por el fenómeno de la rigidez cadavérica o rigor mortis. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de un nuevo dispositivo diseñado para facilitar la apertura de las arcadas dentales en cadáveres con rigor mortis. Determinando la apertura inicial y final con respecto a la medida ideal para la evaluación odontológica. Método: El tipo de estudio efectuado fue descriptivo transversal prospectivo. Para ello, se utilizó una muestra de 30 cadáveres (22 hombres y 8 mujeres; edad media de 42,18 años y 38,75 años) del Instituto de Medicina Legal de la ciudad de Lima (Perú). Un odontólogo forense diseñó y fabricó el aparato y llevó a cabo el proceso de análisis de la muestra. En el sitio se registraron las medidas iniciales y máximas de apertura de la cavidad oral y se aplicó una prueba t de Student emparejada para observar la diferencia entre estas medidas iniciales y máximas obtenidas (p < 0,05). Resultados: Mostraron que la apertura oral media obtenida con el nuevo aparato fue de 43,83 ± 3,62 mm, con una apertura inicial media de 6,49 ± 3,04 mm (p < 0,001). La eficacia fue similar en hombres y mujeres (apertura máxima M: 51,70 mm - F: 53,00 mm). En 29 de las 30 canales estudiadas (96,7%) se obtuvo una apertura mayor de 40 mm, siendo esta última una medida mínima suficiente para acceder a la cavidad oral. Conclusión: Se destaca la eficacia de este nuevo instrumento para la realización de…
Calidad nutricional de una salsa de tomate fortificada con sangre de pollo y su aceptabilidad en niños de 5 años
Authors:   , Perleche Torres Sol Maria
Published: January 2023

Introducción: En Perú, la anemia infantil también es considerada un problema severo en el ámbito de la salud pública, con una prevalencia de 42% en niños menores de 3 años según la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES) 2019. Asimismo, las gestantes y mujeres en etapa fértil son poblaciones vulnerables y poseen altas probabilidades de padecerla. Los alimentos fortificados son alternativas de solución frente al bajo consumo de hierro que demostraron tener mejor estrategia en cuanto a efectividad y costo. La sangre animal es el tipo principal de fortificación con hierro de mayor absorción, ya que es un alimento que posee una gran cantidad de hierro hemínico con mayor biodisponibilidad. Objetivo: Determinar la calidad nutricional y aceptabilidad de la salsa de tomate fortificada con sangre de pollo y su aceptabilidad en niños de 5 años. Diseño: Descriptivo y transversal. Método: La calidad nutricional se determinó en función de criterios químicos-físicos, microbiológicos y contenido de hierro. La aceptabilidad se analizó mediante la escala hedónica facial de tres puntos previo consentimiento informado a los padres o apoderados de los niños de 5 años. Resultados: Se elaboró una muestra de 80g. La cantidad de hierro fue de 46,11 mg/100g. En relación a los resultados de los análisis microbiológicos y químicos físicos señalaron que la salsa es apta para consumo humano. Finalmente, en la prueba de aceptabilidad, se alcanzó un 93,3% de aceptación. Conclusiones: La salsa tuvo una apropiada calidad nutritiva y fue aceptada en los niños de 5 años.
Evaluación de la salud intestinal en gallinas Dekalb Brown de 18 a 29 semanas de edad suplementadas con ácidos orgánicos, fitogénicos y bactericida químico
Authors:   , Lujan Trigozo Sara Isabel
Published: January 2023

La calidad de los huevos de gallinas ponedoras producidos en las granjas está directamente vinculada a una serie de cuidados en el manejo, sanidad y alimento de las aves. Para que los resultados cumplan con las expectativas del productor, es importante tener en cuenta los factores que impactan directamente en la rentabilidad de la actividad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto de un bactericida fitogénico, ácidos orgánicos y químico sobre la salud intestinal en las gallinas de postura de 18 a 29 semanas de edad. En total 144 gallinas Dekalb Brown se utilizaron considerando 4 tratamientos (T1-dieta control (DC) sin aditivos, T2- DC más ácidos orgánicos; T3- DC más fitogénico y T4-DC más bactericida químico), divididas en 6 repeticiones con 6 gallinas por jaula. A las 18 y 29 semanas de edad se extrajo el intestino de 2 gallinas por cada repetición para evaluar las características macroscópicas, relación vellosidades intestinales/criptas de lieberkühn y la concentración de bacterias presentes en el intestino. Microscópicamente, el intestino delgado fue evaluado de acuerdo al grado de lesión presentada. No hubo diferencias estadísticas (p > 0.05) entre los tratamientos experimentales en la longitud de las vellosidades y profundidad de criptas a las 18 semanas de edad, a las 29 semanas se encontró diferencias estadísticas (p < 0.05) con el fitogénico en la relación entre vellosidades intestinales/criptas de Lieberkühn. La inclusión del fitogénico y ácidos orgánicos controló la proliferación de enterobacterias a las 29 semanas de edad. Adicionar el fitogénico en las dietas de gallinas Dekalb Brown puede ser una estrategia para mejorar la salud intestinal de las gallinas durante la postura.
Gestión empresarial y competitividad en Mypes industriales del distrito de Villa María del Triunfo año 2019
Authors:   , Muñoz Romero Rosa Lizeth
Published: January 2023

El estudio propuso como objetivo medir la correlación entre la gestión empresarial y la competitividad en las mypes industriales del distrito de VMT, año 2019. La muestra comprende un total de 30 microempresarios del sector industrial, muestreo por conveniencia de tipo no probabilístico, seleccionado específicamente a empresas industriales. Se le administró dos cuestionarios debidamente validados por la opinión de expertos, lo cual se obtuvo un alfa de Cronbach = 0.724 para la variable gestión competitiva y un alfa de 0,833 para la variable competitividad, lo que demuestra su confiabilidad. Con relación a la metodología fue diseño no experimental - transversal y nivel correlacional, enfoque cuantitativo. Se realizó análisis estadístico con tablas y gráficos y para medir la correlación se usó rho de Spearman dado que las variables son de naturaleza cualitativa. Se concluye que la gestión empresarial tiene relación directa con la competitividad en las mypes industriales del distrito de VMT, esto se sustenta porque el nivel de significancia fue 0,000 y el coeficiente de correlación 0,660 lo que se interpreta como una correlación directa moderada de las variables en las mypes industriales del distrito de VMT, año 2019.
Impacto del Covid-19 y la percepción en la rentabilidad de dos instituciones del sector retail financiero en Lima Metropolitana (Perú), 2022
Authors:   , Tarrillo Nuñez Jose Gilmer
Published: January 2023

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo explicar el impacto de la Covid-19 y la percepción en la rentabilidad de dos instituciones del sector retail financiero en Lima Metropolitana (Perú), 2022. Con respecto a la metodología, el enfoque fue cuantitativo con alcance explicativo y un diseño no experimental (se muestra en su estado real no se manipularon variables de estudio) transeccional porque se realizó en un solo momento, correlacional-causal, (se busca explicar causa efecto de una variable sobre la otra). Respecto a la población la conformaron 28 colaboradores activos y conocedores del tema de diferente orden jerárquico de las dos compañías objeto de estudio, pertenecientes a las áreas de gestión y ventas que representaron el total de la muestra. Además, para la recolección de datos y posterior proceso se aplicó la encuesta, el instrumento fue el cuestionario tipo escala de Likert, elaborado por el investigador el cual pasó por una exigente evaluación de jueces expertos. Al mismo tiempo, para el tratamiento estadístico se trabajó con el programa IBM SPSS Statistics versión 26. El coeficiente alfa de Cronbach arrojo los siguientes resultados: para la variable covid-19 de 0.929 y rentabilidad de 0. 927, asimismo, se determinó un coeficiente de 0.645 y una significancia p-valor (sig) = 0.000 < 0.05 de regresión lineal. Por lo que se concluye que la Covid-19 si impactó significativamente y se percibió en la rentabilidad de dos instituciones del sector retail financiero en Lima Metropolitana (Perú), 2022.
Distribution, risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments and their potential risk on water supply safety of a drinking water reservoir, middle China
Authors: Liu Yupei , Zhou Zizhen , Gong Weijin , Xu Yu , Ding Qian , Cui Lu
Published: January 2023

Heavy metals in reservoir sediments were analyzed to assess the pollution level and to understand the potential risk on water supply safety. Heavy metals in sediments will enter the biological chain through bio-enrichment and bio-amplification in water and eventually pose a threat to the safety of drinking water supply. Analysis of eight sampling sites in JG (Jian gang) drinking water reservoir of the sediments showed that from Feb-2018 to Aug-2019 heavy metals including Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo and Cr increased by 1.09%-17.2%. Vertical distributions of heavy metals indicated that the concentrations increased gradually by 9.6%-35.8%. Risk assessment code analysis indicated that Pb, Zn and Mo were of high risk in the main reservoir area. What’s more, enrichment factors of Ni and Mo were 2.76–3.81 and 5.86–9.41, respectively, showing the characteristics of exogenous input. The continuous monitoring results of the bottom water showed that the concentration of heavy metals in the bottom water exceeded the environmental quality standard value of surface water in China, and exceeded the standard by 1.76 times (Pb), 1.43 times (Zn), 2.04 times (Mo), respectively. Heavy metals in the sediments of JG Reservoir, especially in the main reservoir area, have a potential risk of release from the sediment to the overlying water. Water supply reservoir as a source of drinking water, its quality is directly related to human health and production activities. Therefore, this first study on JG Reservoir is of great significance for the protection of drinking water safety and human health.
Characteristics of the corneal endothelium in elderly adults with high myopia
Authors: Zhang Yinglei , Zhang Shaohua , Zhang Keke , Lu Yi , Zhu Xiangjia
Published: January 2023

Background: To investigate the characteristics of the corneal endothelium in elderly patients with high myopia.
Methods: We assessed the corneal endothelial characteristics of 1065 elderly patients (549 highly myopic and 516 control eyes) by non-contact specular microscopy in this cross-sectional study. Eyes with suspected Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) were further confirmed with slit-lamp and confocal microscopy.
Results: The central endothelial cell density (ECD) and the coefficient of variation (CV) were significantly greater (P = 0.001 and P= 0.002, respectively), whereas the average cell area (AVG) and percent of hexagonality (HEX) were significantly lower (P = 0.014 and P< 0.001, respectively) in highly myopic eyes than in control eyes. After adjusting for age and gender, axial length (AL) was positively correlated with ECD and CV (r = 0.130, P< 0.001 and r = 0.113, P < 0.001, respectively), and negatively correlated with AVG and HEX (r = −0.105, P = 0.001 and r = −0.204, P < 0.001, respectively). FECD was found in 4.92% of highly myopic eyes and 3.29% of control eyes. Although the distribution of clinical grade in FECD was not significantly different between highly myopic and control eyes (P = 0.106), more advanced FECD patients were seen in the highly myopic eyes (P= 0.036).
Conclusion: Longer AL led to increased corneal ECD, and greater endothelial pleomorphism and polymegethism in elderly patients. The incidence and severity of FECD were also greater in highly myopic eyes.
Application of GIS in Solid Waste Management in Gara Garayev Avenue, Nizami district, Baku city, Azerbaijan.
Authors: Gahramanov Etibar , Badalova Aytaj
Published: January 2023

Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) is one of the major environmental problems in urban cities in Azerbaijan today. In this article was discussed information about total amounts of collected wastes, existing collection system and daily collection time schedules in case study area. Case study area is Gara Garayev Avenue, Nizami district, Baku city. This article will be contribute to developing a decision support tool for solid waste management in Nizami District Executive Power Area of Azerbaijan Republic using Geo-information Technology. A database was created using ArcGIS 10.4 software. Surveys and analysis of results were accomplished. Besides, the study will help local Executive Power for choosing the best effective method of MSWM.
Understanding water characteristics and arsenic contamination of Lower Bakırçay Basin and its coastal wetland (Western Turkiye): From Bergama (Pergamum) to Çandarlı (Elaia) by hydrogeochemical tools and stable isotope signatures
Authors: Altas Melis Somay , Gemici Ünsal
Published: January 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Critically synchronized brain waves form an effective, robust and flexible basis for human memory and learning
Authors: Galinsky Vitaly , Frank Lawrence
Published: January 2023

The effectiveness, robustness, and flexibility of memory and learning constitute the very essence of human natural intelligence,cognition, and consciousness. However, currently accepted views on these subjects have, to date, been put forth without any basis on a true physical theory of how the brain communicates internally via its electrical signals. This lack of a solid theoretical framework has implications not only for our understanding of how the brain works, but also for wide range of computational models developed from the standard orthodox view of brain neuronal organization and brain network derived functioning based on the Hodgkin-Huxley ad-hoc circuit analogies that have produced a multitude of Artificial, Recurrent, Convolution, Spiking, etc., Neural Networks (ARCSe NNs) that have in turn led to the standard algorithms that form the basis of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods. Our hypothesis, based upon our recently developed physical model of weakly evanescent brain wave propagation (WETCOW) is that, contrary to the current orthodox model that brain neurons just integrate and fire under accompaniment of slow leaking, they can instead perform much more sophisticated tasks of efficient coherent synchronization/desynchronization guided by the collective influence of propagating nonlinear near critical brain waves, the waves that currently assumed to be nothing but inconsequential subthreshold noise. In this paper we highlight the learning and memory capabilities of our WETCOW framework and then apply it to the specific application of AI/ML and Neural Networks. We demonstrate that the learning inspired by these critically synchronized brain waves is shallow, yet its timing and accuracy outperforms deep ARCSe counterparts on standard test datasets. These results have implications for both our understanding of brain function and for the wide range of AI/ML applications.
Ten-year institutional review of infratentorial pediatric brain tumors from LMIC
Authors: Baig Ahmer Nasir , Laghari Altaf Ali , Naseem Zehra , Hussain Marium , Rao Aaida Mumtaz , Bari Iman , Bakhshi Saqib Kamran , Mushtaq Naureen , Bari Muhammad Ehsan
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE:
Brain tumors constitute 15–20% of all childhood cancers, whereas infratentorial brain tumors make up around 60–75% of all intracranial tumors. Surgical resection of infratentorial pediatric brain tumors carries a cumulative morbidity risk of up to 30%. We aimed to retrospectively review and analyze the clinical and functional outcomes of all infratentorial brain tumors where resections had been performed at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi Pakistan, for 10 years.
METHODS:
It was a retrospective cohort study, conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital. All patients aged 0–18 years, who underwent resection for infratentorial brain tumors between January 2009 and December 2019 were analysed. The patients were identified using ICD-10 codes, and files were then reviewed for demographics, clinical presentations, details of the surgery, pre-operative and post-operative functional status, and different complications. MRI scans of patients were reviewed from the online hospital management system. Lansky's score was used to record functional status. Patients with incomplete medical records were excluded.
RESULTS:
Ninety-two children were included in the study. The median age was 6 years (IQR: 4–12 years), out of which 55 (59.8%) were male and 37 (40.2%) were female patients. Most common presenting complaint was headache (n = 68, 73.9%). The fourth ventricle was the most common location (43; 46.7%), and the majority of patients had medulloblastoma on histopathology (36; 39.1%). Gross total resection was achieved in 41 (44.6%) cases, followed by maximum safe resection in 28 (30.4%) cases, whereas 23 (25%) patients only had a biopsy. The mean post-op Lansky score (65.76) was better than the mean pre-op Lansky score (55.76) by 10 points and this difference was statistically significant < 0.001. Patients who had undergone only a biopsy (> 90% residual) were associated with poor outcomes (p = 0.014).
CONCLUSION:
Most of our patients had significant improvement in functional status after surgery, however, a patient who had deterioration in functional status were those who has the significant residual disease after surgery.