bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topical antibiotics prophylaxis for infections of indwelling pleural/peritoneal catheters (TAP‐IPC): A pilot study
Authors: Lau Estee P. M. , Faber Sam , Charlesworth Chloe , Morey Sue , Vekaria Sona , Filion Pierre , Chakera Aron , Lee Y. C. Gary
Published: September 2023

Background and Objective

Indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) and indwelling peritoneal catheter (IPeC) have established roles in the management of malignant pleural and peritoneal effusions but catheter‐related infections remain a major concern. Topical mupirocin prophylaxis has been shown to reduce peritoneal dialysis catheter infections. This study aimed to assess the (i) compatibility of IPC with mupirocin and (ii) feasibility, tolerability and compliance of topical mupirocin prophylaxis in patients with an IPC or IPeC.

Methods

(i) Three preparations of mupirocin were applied onto segments of IPC thrice weekly and examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM) at different time intervals. (ii) Consecutive patients fitted with IPC or IPeC were given topical mupirocin prophylaxis to apply to the catheter exit‐site following every drainage/dressing change (at least twice weekly) and followed up for 6 months.

Results

(i) No detectable structural catheter damage was found with mupirocin applied for up to 6 months. (ii) Fifty indwelling catheters were inserted in 48 patients for malignant pleural (n = 41) and peritoneal (n = 9) effusions. Median follow‐up was 121 [median, IQR 19–181] days. All patients tolerated mupirocin well; one patient reported short‐term local tenderness. Compliance was excellent with 95.8% of the 989 scheduled doses delivered. Six patients developed catheter‐related pleural (n = 3), concurrent peritoneal/local (n = 1) and skin/tract (n = 2) infections from Streptococcus mitis (with Bacillus species or anaerobes), Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Conclusion

This first study of long‐term prevention of IPC‐ or IPeC‐related infections found topical mupirocin prophylaxis feasible and well tolerated. Its efficacy warrants future randomized studies.
Durable goods and consumer behavior with liquidity constraints
Authors: Kim H. Youn , Molina José Alberto , Wong K. K. Gary
Published: September 2023

This paper presents an integrated model of intratemporal demand and intertemporal consumption, with allowance for durable goods and liquidity constraints. Demand equations for non‐durable and durable goods with the user cost of durable goods are jointly estimated with a consumption Euler equation incorporating liquidity constraints for Norwegian consumers from 1978 to 2018. Results show that demand analyses ignoring durable goods lead to a significant bias in the elasticities of non‐durable goods. Norwegian consumers are found to be impatient, with low risk aversion. There is weak evidence for liquidity constraints in consumption. No strong evidence exists for intertemporal substitution in consumption, but a considerable effect of uncertainty is found in durable consumption.
Efficacy of radiofrequency combined with single‐dot ultrasound efficacy for skin rejuvenation: A non‐randomized split‐face trial with blinded response evaluation
Authors: Byun Ji Won , Kang Yoo Ri , Park Soojung , Hong Wonkyu
Published: September 2023

Background

High‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and radiofrequency (RF) are non‐invasive modalities for skin rejuvenation, but their combined effects have not been evaluated.

Objective

We evaluated and compared the efficacy of HIFU alone and combined HIFU and bipolar RF using a newly designed probe.

Methods

Twenty‐two Korean adults with facial wrinkles and aging underwent treatment on both sides of their face: HIFU‐only on the left and HIFU combined with RF on the right. Skin parameters were measured at different time points to evaluate the improvement in skin rejuvenation.

Results

HIFU treatment significantly improved skin parameters, including pore volume and number, skin elasticity, depth of eye wrinkles, degree of sagging in the eye area, nasolabial folds and cheeks, volume of the jawline, skin density, and permittivity. Furthermore, combining bipolar RF with HIFU treatment enhanced efficacy in reducing pore number, improving skin elasticity, diminishing eye wrinkle depth, and increasing skin moisturization. These findings indicate that bipolar RF can synergically improve skin rejuvenation by providing a thermal effect to the upper papillary dermis, which is more superficial than the target area of HIFU.

Conclusion

Combining HIFU with bipolar RF synergistically improves skin rejuvenation, including pore reduction, periorbital wrinkle improvement, skin elasticity, and skin moisturization.
A Fault Diagnosis Tool for Electrohydraulic Actuators
Authors: Sivaram Bharath , Sun Zongxuan
Published: September 2023

This letter introduces a new method for fault diagnosis of electrohydraulic actuators (EHA). Common faults include abnormal supply pressure, viscous friction, bulk modulus, and oil leakage. First, a validated model of an EHA is used to simulate faults at varying percent perturbations to generate data. The harmonics of the corresponding servo-valve control signal are calculated using sliding discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and stored. A fully connected neural network is then trained to predict fault cases using harmonic information. Simulation results show high accuracy for diagnosis of individual cases and ability to diagnose mixed cases. The actuator motion reference signal is also shown to impact overall diagnosability. Finally, the method was tested on experimental data consisting of nominal and low-pressure cases. Random disturbances were added to simulation training data to allow more robustness and resulted in 80% accuracy on the 10 experimental datapoints. It is demonstrated that a validated model can be used to diagnose faults in actual experimental setup. Future work will be done to diagnose non-pressure experimental cases.
A Multi-Fidelity Integration Method for Reliability Analysis of Industrial Robots
Authors: Wu Jinhui , Tian Pengpeng , Wang Shunyu , Tao Yourui
Published: September 2023

A multi-fidelity integration method is proposed to analyze the reliability of multiple performance indicators (MPI) for industrial robots. In order to high-fidelity mapping the performance of industrial robots, a unified multi-domain model (UMDM) is first established. The contribution-degree analysis is then used to classify the input random variables into interacting and non-interacting ones. Thus, the high-dimensional integration of reliability analysis is separated into a low-dimensional integration and multiple one-dimensional integrations in an additive form. Here, the low-dimensional integration consisting of the interacting variables is calculated using the high-precision mixed-degree cubature formula (MDCF), and the computational results are treated as high-fidelity data. The one-dimensional integration consisting of non-interacting variables is then computed by the highly efficient five-point Gaussian Hermite quadrature (FGHQ), and the computational results are named low-fidelity data. A multi-fidelity integration method is constructed by fusing the high-fidelity data and the low-fidelity data to obtain the statistical moments of the MPI. Subsequently, the probability density function and the failure probability of the MPI are estimated using the saddlepoint approximation method. Finally, some representative methods are performed to verify the superiority of the proposed method.
Locust-Inspired Jumping Mechanism Design and Improvement Based on Takeoff Stability
Authors: Mo Xiaojuan , Ge Wenjie , Ren Yifei , Zhao Donglai , Wei Dunwen , Romano Donato
Published: September 2023

Locusts keep their bodies moving in a straight line during the takeoff and maintain the body stable during the whole jumping with small pitching motions, ensuring both kinematic and dynamic stability to reach their intended destinations. Inspired by locusts’ jumping performance, the Stephenson II six-bar jumping mechanism is adopted to mimic the kinematic stability of locusts’ takeoff and a dynamic model is developed to analyze the impacts of the torsional spring location, the spring stiffness, and the location of the equivalent body bar centroid on the jumping performance. Furthermore, a revised eight-bar jumping mechanism is proposed to solve the difficulty in realizing dynamic stability using the six-bar mechanism, as the moments of momentum of each component around the overall centroid are positive and contribute together to the counterclockwise rotation of the jumping. The dynamic modeling shows that the mass of the equivalent tarsus bar plays an important role in realizing the dynamic stability for the eight-bar jumping mechanism. Finally, two kinds of jumping robots are designed, fabricated and tested with jumping performance recorded by high-speed cameras, which validates the impacts of the mass of the equivalent tarsus bar on the jumping stability in the eight-bar jumping mechanism.
Aeroacoustic performance of a seal vibrissa shaped cylinder
Authors: Smith Tom A. , Chen Guanjiang , Zang Bin
Published: September 2023

Bio-inspired geometries have many applications in engineering, including in the field of noise control. In this work, the aeroacoustic performance of a seal vibrissa shaped cylinder (SVSC) is investigated and compared to that of a circular cylinder at Re = 37 000. Experiments conducted in an anechoic wind tunnel are compared to results from a hybrid aeroacoustic simulation with excellent agreement observed between the two. The overall sound pressure level is found to be 24.3 dB lower for the SVSC, and no prominent narrowband component is observed in the acoustic spectrum. Analysis of the flow field and surface pressure fluctuations reveals that this is because the usual large-scale alternating vortex shedding realized for bluff body flows is absent for the SVSC. Instead, smaller uncorrelated vortices are shed from the upper and lower sides of the geometry, which, when combined with a lower spanwise correlation, results in a much lower acoustic intensity spread over a broader frequency range.
Generalized perceptual adaptation to second-language speech: Variability, similarity, and intelligibility
Authors: Bradlow Ann R. , Bassard Adrianna M. , Paller Ken A.
Published: September 2023

Recent work on perceptual learning for speech has suggested that while high-variability training typically results in generalization, low-variability exposure can sometimes be sufficient for cross-talker generalization. We tested predictions of a similarity-based account, according to which, generalization depends on training-test talker similarity rather than on exposure to variability. We compared perceptual adaptation to second-language (L2) speech following single- or multiple-talker training with a round-robin design in which four L2 English talkers from four different first-language (L1) backgrounds served as both training and test talkers. After exposure to 60 L2 English sentences in one training session, cross-talker/cross-accent generalization was possible (but not guaranteed) following either multiple- or single-talker training with variation across training-test talker pairings. Contrary to predictions of the similarity-based account, adaptation was not consistently better for identical than for mismatched training-test talker pairings, and generalization patterns were asymmetrical across training-test talker pairs. Acoustic analyses also revealed a dissociation between phonetic similarity and cross-talker/cross-accent generalization. Notably, variation in adaptation and generalization related to variation in training phase intelligibility. Together with prior evidence, these data suggest that perceptual learning for speech may benefit from some combination of exposure to talker variability, training-test similarity, and high training phase intelligibility.
Shooting Free Throws Under Pressure: A Social Media Self-Talk Intervention
Authors: Gomez Souffront Sabrina , Mavrantza Angeliki M. , Bigliassi Marcelo
Published: September 2023

The present study sought to investigate the effects of a self-talk intervention on free-throw performance under pressure. The experimental manipulation was designed using a video from a social media platform. Thirty male college basketball players were randomly assigned into two groups (i.e., control and experimental). The experimental protocol incorporated three trials of three free throws each. Psychophysiological stress was assessed by use of heart rate variability. The illusion of pressure was created using arena recordings of large crowds along with instructions for participants to visualize a high-pressure scenario. The results indicate that the self-talk intervention was sufficient to improve free throw shooting accuracy during the postintervention phase. Short-term heart rate variability reduced significantly for the control group and remained relatively stable for the experimental group. Self-talk appears to influence free throw accuracy during situations of psychosocial stress by inhibiting the influence of negative thoughts on peripheral physiological reactions and movement automaticity.
Synthetic Peptide Fragments of the Wtx Toxin Reduce Blood Pressure in Rats under General Anesthesia
Authors: Severyukhina M. S. , Ismailova A. M. , Shaykhutdinova E. R. , Dyachenko I. A. , Egorova N. S. , Murashev A. N. , Tsetlin V. I. , Utkin Yu. N.
Published: September 2023

Previously, it was shown that the non-conventional toxin WTX from the venom of the cobra Naja kaouthia, when administered intravenously, caused a decrease in blood pressure (BP) and an increase in heart rate (HR) in rats [13]. To identify the site of the toxin molecule responsible for these effects, we studied the influence of synthetic peptide fragments of the WTX on BP and HR in normotensive male Sprague–Dawley rats under general anesthesia induced by Telazol and Xylazine. It was found that peptides corresponding to the WTX central polypeptide loop, stabilized by a disulfide bond, at intravenous injection at concentrations from 0.1 to 1.0 mg/mL caused a dose-dependent decrease in BP, with the HR increasing only in the first 5–10 min after administration. Thus, WTX fragments corresponding to the central polypeptide loop reproduce the decrease in blood pressure caused by the toxin.
Curcumin and proton pump inhibitors for functional dyspepsia: a randomised, double blind controlled trial
Authors: Kongkam Pradermchai , Khongkha Wichittra , Lopimpisuth Chawin , Chumsri Chitsanucha , Kosarussawadee Prach , Phutrakool Phanupong , Khamsai Sittichai , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak , Sura Thanyachai , Phisalprapa Pochamana , Buamahakul Thanwa , Siwamogsatham Sarawut , Angsusing Jaenjira , Poonniam Pratchayanan , Wanaratna Kulthanit , Teerachaisakul Monthaka , Pongpirul Krit
Published: September 2023

Objective

To compare the efficacy of curcumin versus omeprazole in improving patient reported outcomes in people with dyspepsia.

Design

Randomised, double blind controlled trial, with central randomisation.

Setting

Thai traditional medicine hospital, district hospital, and university hospitals in Thailand.

Participants

Participants with a diagnosis of functional dyspepsia.

Interventions

The interventions were curcumin alone (C), omeprazole alone (O), or curcumin plus omeprazole (C+O). Patients in the combination group received two capsules of 250 mg curcumin, four times daily, and one capsule of 20 mg omeprazole once daily for 28 days.

Main outcome measures

Functional dyspepsia symptoms on days 28 and 56 were assessed using the Severity of Dyspepsia Assessment (SODA) score. Secondary outcomes were the occurrence of adverse events and serious adverse events.

Results

206 patients were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to one of the three groups; 151 patients completed the study. Demographic data (age 49.7±11.9 years; women 73.4%), clinical characteristics and baseline dyspepsia scores were comparable between the three groups. Significant improvements were observed in SODA scores on day 28 in the pain (−4.83, –5.46 and −6.22), non-pain (−2.22, –2.32 and −2.31) and satisfaction (0.39, 0.79 and 0.60) categories for the C+O, C, and O groups, respectively. These improvements were enhanced on day 56 in the pain (−7.19, –8.07 and −8.85), non-pain (−4.09, –4.12 and −3.71) and satisfaction (0.78, 1.07, and 0.81) categories in the C+O, C, and O groups, respectively. No significant differences were observed among the three groups and no serious adverse events occurred.

Conclusion

No discernible differences were identified between curcumin and omeprazole in their efficacy for the functional treatment of dyspepsia, and no apparent synergistic effect was observed.

Trial registration number

TCTR20221208003.
Leucocyte telomere length, brain volume and risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Cao Zhi , Hou Yabing , Xu Chenjie
Published: September 2023

Background

The evidence regarding the association between leucocyte telomere length (LTL) and brain health is sparse and inconclusive.

Aims

To investigate the associations of LTL with brain structure and the risk of dementia based on a large-scale prospective study.

Methods

LTL in the peripheral blood was measured by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay from 439 961 individuals in the UK Biobank recruited between 2006 and 2010 and followed up until 2020. Electronic health records were used to record the incidence of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). The brain structure, including total and regional brain volume, of 38 740 participants was then assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Results

During a median follow-up of 11.6 years, a total of 5 820 (1.3%) dementia cases were documented. The restricted cubic spline model showed significant overall associations between LTL and the risk of dementia and AD (p for overall <0.05). The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for the lowest LTL tertile compared with the highest LTL tertile were 1.14 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06 to 1.21) for dementia, 1.28 (95% CI: 1.12 to 1.46) for AD and 1.18 (95% CI: 0.98 to 1.42) for VD. Furthermore, we found that shorter LTL was associated with smaller total brain volume (β=−0.012 8, p=0.003), white matter volume (β=−0.022 4, p<0.001), hippocampus volume (β=−0.017 2, p<0.001), thalamus volume (β=−0.023 9, p<0.001) and accumbens (β=−0.015 5, p=0.001).

Conclusions

Shorter LTL is associated with total and regional brain structure and a higher risk of incident dementia and AD, implying the potential of telomere length as a predictive biomarker of brain health.
Rheology of gyrotactic microorganisms in Jeffrey fluid flow: A stability analysis
Authors: Sarfraz Mahnoor , Khan Masood
Published: September 2023

Non-Newtonian fluids display fascinating and versatile flow behavior, enabling applications in fields where precise control and manipulation of viscosity are required. This paper presents the rheology of Homann stagnation point flow for a Jeffrey fluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms over a biaxially stretching surface. The system of equations is solved numerically using appropriate similarity transformations and conditions. The boundary conditions are set to maintain a fixed physical environment, and the far field values are defined accordingly. The dual solutions are found and expressed in terms of relevant quantities, and their behavior is analyzed using graphical representations via bvp5c. Stability analysis is conducted as well. The model is extended to study the behavior of Jeffrey nanofluids under the influence of various physical phenomena such as thermophoresis, Brownian motion, Ohmic heating, heat source/sink, radiation, and chemical reaction. The model presented in this paper can help researchers predict and optimize the behavior of such systems for a range of industrial and biomedical applications. It is observed that when the smallest eigenvalue is positive, the disturbance initially decreases, and the flow is stable, otherwise unstable. The stretching/shrinking parameters affect the flow field and boundary layer characteristics, leading to changes in the skin friction forces and an increase in the skin friction coefficient. Moreover, the Peclet number augmented the concentration of microorganisms due to gyrotactic bioconvection for first and second solutions, whereas bioconvective Lewis number shows an opposite trend. The comparison of the present results, as a simplified case, with existing literature demonstrates good agreement.
First Principles Study of Decomposition Reactions in the Electrolyte System Ethylene Carbonate and Lithium Hexafluorophosphate
Authors: Mroz D. , Hartwig J. , Neitzel-Grieshammer S.
Published: September 2023

The decomposition mechanisms of electrolyte mixtures in lithium-ion batteries are still not completely understood, although the degradation of the electrolyte has a direct effect on the efficiency and lifetime of these devices. The main aim of this study is to investigate the decomposition reaction of ethylene carbonate and

LiPF

6

,

two common components of electrolyte mixtures for lithium-ion batteries. The main focus is the analysis of the reaction kinetics on the basis of the corresponding activation barriers using density functional theory. We show that this method provides reasonable molecular structures and qualitative trends, whereas coupled cluster calculations are required to provide more accurate energies. We furthermore investigate the influence of different conducting salts on the decomposition barrier of ethylene carbonate, finding that appropriate salts can raise the barrier and thus mitigate the decomposition reaction. In particular, the results suggest that substitution of

LiPF

6

by lithium bis(oxalato)borate could drastically inhibit the reaction. Furthermore, we study the potential decomposition of

LiPF

6

to

PO

2

F

2

−

,

proposing an alternative route to the common hydrolysis reaction.
Determinants of Primary School Teachers’ Health Literacy in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania: A Reflection on Access to Health Information
Authors: Mshingo David M. , Muhanga Mikidadi I. , Salanga Raymond J. , Ngowi Edwin E.
Published: September 2023

Background. Teachers have the potential of promoting health knowledge and consequently health-literacy (HL) enhancement. Cognizant of this, interventions geared toward influencing and strengthening school teachers’ HL have remained important. However, for such interventions to be effective, understanding what determines teachers’ HL is inevitable. Purpose. This article analyses the determinants of primary school teachers’ HL by analyzing what prompts their health information-seeking patterns. Methods. A cross-sectional research involving 189 randomly sampled primary school teachers was conducted in 2021 in Morogoro Municipality whereby data were collected through a structured questionnaire survey and analyzed using IBM-SPSS. A score index gauged HL while frequencies and percentages measured other variables. Results. All teachers had high HL with a mean HL (standard deviation) of 8.10062. Only 43.4% searched for HI, 20.1% of those who searched for HI were influenced by health-related problems encountered, 12.2% searched for HI to broaden their knowledge on health-related issues, and 7.4% were prompted by health risks around. Also, 3.7% of the teachers acceded that health-seeking information is influenced by an interest in searching HI for self-health management. About 36.0%, 32.3%, and 31.7% of the teachers agree that the provision of health education, interest to read issues related to HL, and addressing issues related to HL influence teachers’ HL. Conclusion. Teachers have been searching for HI due to different concerns, though there is a need to further enhance such efforts. Recommendation. The government, communities, and development partners should enhance HI seeking to promote teachers’ HL for a healthier society.
Esthetical Properties of Single-Shade and Multishade Composites in Posterior Teeth
Authors: Batista Graziela R. , Borges Alessandra B. , Zanatta Rayssa F. , Pucci Cesar R. , Torres Carlos R. G.
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to compare the aesthetic properties of posterior composite restorations made with a multishade (MS) or single-shade (SS) material. For that, 23 extracted human molars were used. The shade determination was performed, and the occlusal anatomy was registered by a custom-made stamp. Then, class I preparations were made, and each tooth was restored twice, using two different composites of MS/opacity layering material (Admira Fusion—Voco) and an SS/opacity bulk-fill composite (Admira Fusion X-tra—Voco). After finishing the first restoration with the MS material, a standardized picture was taken, and the restoration was removed. Then, the preparation was restored again with the other composite, obtaining a new picture. The pictures were randomly analyzed by 10 calibrated evaluators regarding color match using the FDI criteria. The evaluators were blinded to the restorative material used. Data were analyzed using an unpaired t-test and Wilcoxon test. The significance level adopted in the study was 5%. As a result, there were nonsignificant differences between the composites evaluated for color match, as well nonsignificant differences were obtained related to which restorative technique produced the best aesthetic results. Only for darker shades (A4, B4, and C4), most of the evaluators considered the restorations made with the MS material more aesthetic than with the SS, while for the other shades, nonsignificant differences were observed. Therefore, the choice of the SS and the MS/opacity composites does not influence the aesthetic outcome of posterior restorations for the lighter shades. However, the use of bulk fill material for dark shades is less favorable than the MS layering ones.
Supplementary Table 3 from Association of Employment Disruptions and Financial Hardship Among Individuals Diagnosed with Cancer in the United States: Findings from a Nationally Representative Study
Authors: Halpern Michael T. , de Moor Janet S. , Han Xuesong , Zhao Jingxuan , Zheng Zhiyuan , Yabroff K. Robin
Published: September 2023

Supplementary Table 3
Effects and Eradication of Mycoplasma Contamination on Patient-derived Colorectal Cancer Organoid Cultures
Authors: Dayanidhi Divya L. , Watlington Wylie K. , Mantyh John B. , Rupprecht Gabrielle , Hsu David S.
Published: September 2023

Patient-derived organoids are a useful platform for identification and testing of novel precision oncology approaches. Patient-derived organoids are generated by direct culture of patient samples. However, prior to development into patient-derived organoids, these samples are often processed for clinical use, opening the potential for contamination by Mycoplasma and other microbes. While most microbes can be detected by visual inspection, Mycoplasma can go undetected and have substantial impacts on assay results. Given the increased use of patient-derived organoids, there is a growing need for a standardized protocol to detect and remove Mycoplasma from organoid models. In the current study, we report a procedure for Mycoplasma removal by passaging organoids through mice as patient-derived organoid xenografts. In vivo passage of patient-derived organoids followed by re-establishment was 100% effective at decontaminating colorectal patient-derived organoids (n = 9), based on testing with the Sigma LookOut Mycoplasma PCR Detection Kit. This process can serve as a method to re-establish contaminated patient-derived organoids, which represent precious models to study patient-specific genomic features and treatment responses.

Significance:

Organoids are valuable models of cancer. Mycoplasma contamination can alter organoid drug sensitivity, so there is a need for a standardized protocol to detect and remove Mycoplasma from organoids. We report a simple procedure for removing Mycoplasma from organoids via in vivo passaging through mice followed by re-establishment of organoids.
Fusobacterium nucleatum Load Correlates with KRAS Mutation and Sessile Serrated Pathogenesis in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Takeda Koki , Koi Minoru , Okita Yoshiki , Sajibu Sija , Keku Temitope O. , Carethers John M.
Published: September 2023

Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) has been frequently detected in colorectal cancer. A high load of Fn has been associated with subtypes of colorectal cancers, located in the proximal colon, exhibiting microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H), MLH1 promoter hypermethylation, the CpG island hypermethylation phenotype-high, or BRAF mutation in some studies. Although these features characterize the sessile serrated pathway (SSP) of colon cancers, other studies have shown that Fn infection is associated with KRAS mutations mainly characteristic of non-serrated neoplasia. It is also not clear at what point the association of Fn infection with these genomic alterations is established during colorectal carcinogenesis. Here we show that MSI-H, MLH1 hypermethylation, BRAF mutation or KRAS mutations were independently associated with Fn infection in colorectal cancer. On the other hand, increasing Fn copy number in tissues was associated with increased probability to exhibit MSI-H, MLH1 hypermethylation or BRAF mutations but not KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer. We also show that Fn load was significantly less than that of colorectal cancer and no association was detected between BRAF/KRAS mutations or MLH1 hypermethylation and Fn infection in adenomas. Our combined data suggest that increasing loads of Fn during and/or after adenomacarcinoma transition might promote SSP but not KRAS-driven colorectal carcinogenesis. Alternatively, Fn preferentially colonizes colorectal cancers with SSP and KRAS mutations but can expand more in colorectal cancers with SSP.

Significance:

The authors demonstrated that Fn is enriched in colorectal cancers exhibiting the SSP phenotype, and in colorectal cancers carrying KRAS mutations. Fn infection should be considered as a candidate risk factor specific to colorectal cancers with the SSP phenotype and with KRAS mutations.
Calcium-Citrate Anticoagulation during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Patients with Metformin Intoxication: A Case Series, Mathematical Estimation of Citrate Accumulation, and Literature Review
Authors: Brunoni Beatrice , Zadek Francesco , Mulazzani Francesca , Verza Giovanni , Marrazzo Francesco , Spina Stefano , Protti Alessandro , Fumagalli Roberto , Langer Thomas
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Metformin intoxication causes lactic acidosis by inhibiting Krebs’ cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is recommended for metformin removal in critically ill patients. According to current guidelines, regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) is the first-line strategy. However, since metformin also inhibits citrate metabolism, a risk of citrate accumulation could be hypothesized. In the present study, we monitored the potential citrate accumulation in metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) patients treated with CRRT and RCA using the physical-chemical approach to acid-base interpretation. Methods: We collected a case series of 3 patients with MALA. Patients were treated with continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH), and RCA was performed with diluted citrate solution. Citrate accumulation was monitored through two methods: the ratio between total and ionized plasma calcium concentrations (T/I calcium ratio) above 2.5 and the strong ion gap (SIG) to identify an increased concentration of unmeasured anions. Lastly, a mathematical model was developed to estimate the expected citrate accumulation during CVVH and RCA. Results: All 3 patients showed a resolution of MALA after the treatment with CVVH. The T/I calcium ratio was consistently below 2.5, and SIG decreased, reaching values lower than 6 mEq/L after 48 h of CVVH treatment. According to the mathematical model, the estimated SIG without citrate metabolism should have been around 21 mEq/L due to citrate accumulation. Conclusions: In our clinical management, no signs of citrate accumulation were recorded in MALA patients during treatment with CVVH and RCA. Our data support the safe use of diluted citrate to perform RCA during metformin intoxication.
СУЧАСНІ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ У ФАХОВОМУ НАВЧАННІ ХІРУРГІВ
Authors: Чайка А. М.
Published: September 2023

Анотація. Метою роботи була оцінка перспектив застосування сучасних інформаційних технологій у фаховому навчанні хірургів. Проведений інформаційний пошук у відкритих базах даних дозволив встановити, що сучасний етап розвитку педагогічних іновацій у галузі вищої медичної освіти вимагає на додипломному та післядипломному рівнях застосування інформаційних технологій. При викладанні хірургічних дисциплін можуть застосовуватися технології інтерактивного навчання із застосуванням систем медичної симуляції, робототехніки та автоматизованих систем підтримки клінічного рішення із використанням штучного інтелекту та інтегрованих систем відеофіксації інтраопераційних подій.
ПЕРІОДИЗАЦІЯ РОЗВИТКУ ДИДАКТИЧНИХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Вихрущ А. В.
Published: September 2023

Анотація. У статті розглядаються актуальні питання розвитку дидактичних систем. Виокремлено труднощі, властиві сучасній дидактиці: недостатня кількість хрестоматій відповідного спрямування, монографій, присвячених історії вітчизняної дидактики, аналітичної оцінки переваг і недоліків інтегрального мислення, методології розумового виховання, педагогічної персонології, дидактики вищої школи. Схарактеризовано сім періодів розвитку дидактики (етнодидактика, релігійна дидактика, філософська, університетська, педагогічно-психологічна, інформаційна, інтегральна дидактика). У процесі періодизації виокремлено регіональний, державний, полідержавний (наприклад, європейський, світовий) рівень. За прикладом ятрогенії, підкреслена необхідність аналізу такого явища, як дидактогенія, що зумовлено низьким рівнем дидактичної культури. З кожним роком збільшується необхідність нового покоління підручників з дидактики, автори яких зможуть вийти на рівень закономірностей розумового виховання на різних етапах особистісного розвитку, врахують досягнення попередників і досвід інших країн, запропонують якісно нові підходи до структурних, функціональних, теоретичних моделей, засад самовдосконалення, педевтології, теоретичних основ навчання й учіння.
ПРІОРИТЕТИ НАЦІОНАЛЬНО-ПАТРІОТИЧНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ В ПАРАДИГМІ СУЧАСНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ
Authors: Дерев’янко Т. В. , Звягольська І. М. , Полянська В. П.
Published: September 2023

Анотація. Метою нашого дослідження було висвітлення ролі національно-патріотичного виховання здобувачів вищої медичної освіти в парадигмі сучасних викликів, узагальнення досвіду організації та проведення заходів національно-патріотичного спрямування з метою формування патріотично свідомого громадянина.

У статті обґрунтовано мету, основні завдання та принципи реалізації національно-патріотичного виховання здобувачів вищої медичної освіти в реаліях військового часу. Розкрито та узагальнено досвід організації і проведення заходів національно-патріо­тичного спрямування науково-педагогічним колективом кафедри мікробіології, вірусології та імунології з метою формування патріотично свідомого громадянина в освітньо-виховному просторі Полтавського державного медичного університету. Серед упроваджених форм національно-патріотичного виховання пріоритетне місце посідають години-зустрічі, засідання круглих столів, фотопрезентації, флешмоби, акції пам’яті, волонтерський рух та інші. Значна увага науково-педагогічним колективом кафедри приділяється виконанню завдань Національної програми патріотичного виховання дітей та молоді України, розвитку їх активної життєвої позиції як громадянина своєї держави.

Таким чином, охарактеризовані форми і методи інноваційної виховної діяльності кафедри мікробіології, вірусології та імунології сприяють вдосконаленню процесу національно-патріотичного виховання студентської молоді в парадигмі сучасних викликів. Реалізація основних принципів і завдань національно-патріотичного виховання здійснюється за загальноприйнятими науково-педагогічними уявленнями через дієву вибудову глибокого розуміння історії українського народу, національної ідентичності, самобутності, готовності до виконання громадянського та конституційного обов’язку із захисту національних інтересів незалежності України. Головним аспектом дієвого формування національної свідомості та патріотизму у здобувачів вищої медичної освіти є суб’єкт-суб’єктна взаємодія.
Schneider, Sylk. Viagem de Goethe ao Brasil. Uma jornada imaginária
Authors: Santos Rafael Rocca dos
Published: September 2023

Resenha de: Schneider, Sylk. Viagem de Goethe ao Brasil. Uma jornada imaginária. Tradução de Daniel Martineschen. Porto Alegre: Editora Nave, 2022.
Infecção por sars-cov-2 em pacientes submetidos à transplante cardíaco: uma revisão integrativa sobre o novo desafio para a cardiologia
Authors: Moreira Bruno Galdino , Lima Andreza Alverga de , Lima Maria Alice Vieira Melo de , Sá Francisco Guilherme Leite Linhares de , Carolino Rodolfo de Abreu , Melo Marta Lígia Vieira
Published: September 2023

Introdução: O SARS-CoV-2 é um vírus de alta disseminação cujo principal alvo de infecção é o sistema respiratório, porém, ao desencadear uma resposta imunológica exacerbada, sinalizada pela tempestade de citocinas, pode provocar lesões em múltiplos órgãos. Diante disso, este estudo busca reunir evidências que avaliem a vulnerabilidade de pacientes transplantados às manifestações clínicas do COVID-19, considerando o manejo do regime de imunossupressão e os efeitos das interações medicamentosas, na tentativa de promover estratégias adequadas de gerenciamento terapêutico. Desenvolvimento: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada em março de 2023, na qual foram selecionados 6  artigos. Pacientes submetidos a transplantes cardíacos, devido ao quadro de imunossupressão, apresentam maior tendência em apresentar doenças cardiovasculares. A contaminação por SARS-CoV-2 aumenta significativamente o risco de complicações, e estabelece um desafio: equilibrar o regime de imunossupressores com a terapia antiviral, tendo em vista as interações medicamentosas. Considerações finais: O uso de imunossupressores parece ser responsável por um curso mais brando da COVID-19 em pacientes submetidos a transplante cardíaco, pela atenuação da tempestade de citocinas. Apesar disso, ainda há risco de gravidade da COVID-19, sendo necessário priorizar o manejo com terapias antivirais que melhor se adaptem às medicações imunossupressoras.
Estética e natureza. A paisagem brasileira no início do século 19
Authors: Rüsche Roberto
Published: September 2023

Artistas, cientistas e viajantes que percorreram o Brasil na primeira metade do século 19 conformaram um significativo conjunto de representações sobre o território, em sua dimensão não somente objetiva e científica, mas também sensível e poética. Tendo em vista o pensamento do final do século 18 – a partir de Goethe, Humboldt e Kant – e elementos da obra dos naturalistas Carl Friedrich von Martius e Johann Baptist von Spix, este artigo versa a respeito da centralidade da paisagem na apreensão estética da natureza, reconhecendo, na origem da experiência paisagística, uma maneira de mediar de modo sensível a primordial relação do homem com o mundo.
Paleta vegetal de árboles nativos de la sede Rodrigo Facio de la Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Chaverri Flores Laura , Chaves Hernández Guillermo
Published: September 2023

La paleta vegetal, concebida como el inventario de especies descritas botánica y paisajísticamente de un lugar determinado, es una herramienta de trabajo para los arquitectos paisajistas. A pesar de la alta diversidad ecológica de Costa Rica, en el diseño exterior se ha tendido a utilizar especies exóticas y se cuenta con poca literatura costarricense que profundice sobre la arboricultura urbana. La Sede Rodrigo Facio (SRF) de la Universidad de Costa Rica, con una extensión de 90 hectáreas, resguarda una gran cantidad de árboles que no solo se ubican en el Valle Central, sino en todo el país. Esta sede funcionó como un laboratorio de investigación para poner en valor los árboles nativos de Costa Rica. El objetivo general de este trabajo fue elaborar una paleta vegetal de árboles nativos de la SRF que permita mostrar la diversidad del sitio y que sirva de referencia para zonas de vida similares. Como resultado, se identificaron y mapearon 7.917 individuos en donde el 78% fueron árboles nativos distribuidos en 57 familias y 207 especies. Las más abundantes fueron Acnistus arborescens y Tabebuia rosea. Este estudio es una guía que permite establecer criterios del diseño paisajístico y generar estrategias para mejorar el patrimonio natural.
Diagnóstico da elaboração dos planos de arborização urbana dos municípios do estado do Paraná
Authors: Santos Andrey Araujo dos , Cestonaro Taiana
Published: September 2023

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se realizar um diagnóstico da situação dos Planos de Arborização Urbana dos municípios do estado do Paraná submetidos à análise do Comitê de Trabalho Interinstitucional, a fim de identificar as dificuldades encontradas na elaboração e aprovação dos Planos. Foram coletadas informações contidas nos 230 pareceres emitidos até 2019. A análise foi constituída em três etapas. A primeira etapa categorizou os planos em relação à versão submetida. Na segunda etapa foram avaliados os resultados dos pareceres técnicos sobre os planos. A terceira etapa analisou, em todos os pareceres, a conformidade do conteúdo apresentado nos dez itens obrigatórios do Plano com o exigido no Manual para Elaboração do Plano, somado ao item de organização do documento. Observou-se que 60,9% do total de pareceres emitidos pelo Comitê estavam relacionados à primeira versão do Plano, havendo menos pareceres relacionados à segunda e à terceira versões. Do total de planos analisados, 94,3% foram devolvidos aos municípios para complementações/ajustes e/ou elaboração de novo plano. Verificou-se que 69,5% do total de todos os itens não atendiam ao conteúdo requerido no Manual. Os itens “Informações finais”, “Caracterização do município”, “Diagnóstico da Arborização Urbana” e “Formatação/organização” foram os que menos atenderam ao Manual. Conclui-se que, em sua maioria, os Planos de Arborização Urbana analisados pelo Comitê apresentam insuficiência técnica e de organização, aspectos fundamentais para a adequada execução do Plano e sua manutenção a longo prazo.
Implementation of Prevention Science to Eliminate Health Care Inequities in Achieving Cardiovascular Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Agarwala Anandita , Patel Jaideep , Stephens Janna , Roberson Shamarial , Scott Jewel , Beckie Theresa , Jackson Elizabeth A. ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association Prevention Science Committee of the Council on Epidemiology and Prevention and Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Stroke Council
Published: September 2023

Prevention of cardiovascular and related diseases is foundational to attaining ideal cardiovascular health to improve the overall health and well-being of individuals and communities. Social determinants of health and health care inequities adversely affect ideal cardiovascular health and prevention of disease. Achieving optimal cardiovascular health in an effective and equitable manner requires a coordinated multidisciplinary and multilayered approach. In this scientific statement, we examine barriers to ideal cardiovascular health and its related conditions in the context of leveraging existing resources to reduce health care inequities and to optimize the delivery of preventive cardiovascular care. We systematically discuss (1) interventions across health care environments involving direct patient care, (2) leveraging health care technology, (3) optimizing multispecialty/multiprofession collaborations and interventions, (4) engaging local communities, and (5) improving the community environment through health-related government policies, all with a focus on making ideal cardiovascular health equitable for all individuals.
The Old Norse Poetic Meter Kviðuháttr as a Medium for History’s Verdict
Authors: Sayers William
Published: September 2023

The name of the Old Norse poetic meter kviðuháttr, as employed in historical poems such as Ynglingatal, is generally understood as meaning ‘song’ or ‘poem meter’. Rather than accepting this designation at face value, the article hypothesizes an original *kviðsháttr or ‘verdict meter’ (< kviðr ‘verdict, judicial judgment’), which was subsequently the object of folk etymologizing. This revised explanation illuminates the nature and objectives of not only Ynglingatal but also commemorative poems by Egill Skallagrímsson such as Sonatorrek and Arinbjarnarkviða.
Zum König Rother
Authors: Eberhardt Otto
Published: September 2023

In its endeavour to entertain the audience, the anonymous Middle High German epic poem King Rother shows traits also to be found in more recent paraliterature: such as the black-and-white depiction of adversaries Rother and Konstantin, the obvious brutality of the giants, etc. There are however also rather skillful parts: the convincingly presented Christian orientation, or the moderation in humour regarding the giants, which can be found several times.
Celtic Studies, Scholarly Networks, and Modernekritik
Authors: Blom Alderik H.
Published: September 2023

This study is concerned with the contribution of Jan de Vries (1890–1964), a controversial Dutch scholar of Germanic and Old Norse philology, folklore, and comparative religion, to the discipline of Celtic studies. First, therefore, his work is located within the context of De Vries’ biography and of his scholarly network of the post-war era, notably his correspondence with likeminded colleagues such as Dumézil, Höfler, Wikander, and Eliade. Subsequently, his theories of Celtic and Germanic ethnogenesis are examined, as well as his ideas about the connections between the Celtic and Germanic pre-Christian religions and traditions of heroic saga. Finally, the relatively limited impact of De Vries’s Celtic studies is elaborated on.
Old Hundred Names and Barbarians Fight the Pirates: Recruiting Auxiliaries for Late Ming Naval Operations
Authors: Shutz J. Travis
Published: September 2023

By examining actions taken to eliminate seaborne bandits, this study argues during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644), everyday people and foreigners played important roles in military activities. When Guangdong native Lin Feng (also known as Limahong) roamed the seas from South China to Southeast Asia in the mid-1570s, officials searched far and wide for allies to confront him. Reevaluating this period in Chinese military history from the bottom-up and outside-in shows civil officials and military officers repeatedly found fishers, traders, and sailors, along with outsiders, who were willing to collaborate against the marauders. Historical records from the late Ming and Qing periods consistently presented this cooperation as a Sinocentric and hierarchical ritual-based recruiting. In contrast to this top-down and inside-out perspective, the present research illuminates that during the early modern period, the Chinese government was growing progressively dependent on sea-going peoples to reinforce its maritime operations.
A new species of Macbrideola on galls of Rosaceae
Authors: MORENO G. , SERAOUI EL-HACÈNE , MEYER M. , LÓPEZ-VILLALBA Á.
Published: September 2023

Macbrideola gallicola is described as a new species to science after studying specimens collected in France and Montenegro, fructifying on galls of Rosaceae. The new species can be distinguished by the loose and flexuous capillitium, the conspicuously, spiny spores, and by its habitat. Macro- and micrographs of the morphological characters are provided.