bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving viral load utilisation to enhance care for Kenyan adolescents with HIV
Authors: Dougherty Gillian , Akoth Steve , Hawken Mark , Leting Isaac , Mutei Redempta , Ngugi Catherine , Naitore Doris , Tsiouris Fatima , Wakoli Anne , Walker Lauren , Rabkin Miriam
Published: August 2022

Improving the use of viral load (VL) testing for adolescents and young people living with HIV (AYPLWH) is a priority for Kenya’s Ministry of Health (MOH). Despite expansion of VL testing coverage and rollout of national policies, guidelines and training, VL result utilisation for AYPLWH remains suboptimal, with inadequate adherence to national guidelines recommending everyone on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with unsuppressed viral load (UVL) (≥401 copies/mL) receive three enhanced adherence counselling (EAC) sessions and a repeat VL test within 3 months. In March 2019, ICAP at Columbia University partnered with the MOH to launch a Quality Improvement Collaborative (QIC) at 22 health facilities in the Eastern Province to optimise management of AYPLWH on ART with UVL. Over 17 months, facility QI teams tested interventions targeting client education, workflow modifications, commodity management, community engagement and improved documentation. The QIC led to marked improvement in the proportion of clients completing three EAC sessions and repeat VL testing. Median completion rate was 16% (n=479) at baseline (from March 2018 to February 2019) and rose to 73% (n=755) during the implementation period (from March 2019 to July 2020). In the final month (July 2020), rates rose to 90% (n=31). Another success was the increase in the proportion of clients whose VL was resuppressed on repeat testing, which improved from 34% (n=273) at baseline to 62% (n=710) during the implementation period and 77% (n=44) in the final month. The QIC also led to improvement in the proportion of AYPLWH on first-line ART whose regimens were switched within 2 months of recorded UVL results, which rose from 58% (n=48) at baseline to 94% (n=128) during the implementation period. In summary, the QIC helped facility teams to identify and prioritise local, contextually appropriate innovations which led to swift improvement in three critical indicators of VL utilisation.
Race, class, caste, disability, sterilisation and hysterectomy
Authors: Downham Moore Alison M
Published: August 2022

This interdisciplinary historical paper focuses on the past and current state of diverse forms of surgical hysterectomy as a global phenomenon relating to population control and sterilisation. It is a paper grounded in historical inquiry but is unconventional relative to the norms of historical scholarship both in its wide geographical scope informed by the methodologies of global and intercultural history, in its critique of current clinical practices informed by recent feminist, race, biopolitical and disability studies, and by its engagement with scholarship in health sociology and medical anthropology which has focused on questions of gender and healthcare inequalities. The first part of the paper surveys existing medical, social-scientific and humanistic research on the racial, class, disability and caste inequalities which have emerged in the recent global proliferation of hysterectomy; the second part of the paper is about the diverse global rationales underlying radical gynaecological surgeries as a form of sterilisation throughout the long twentieth century. Radical gynaecological surgeries have been promoted for several different purposes throughout their history and, of course, are sometimes therapeutically necessary. However, they have often disproportionately impacted the most disadvantaged groups in several different global societies and have frequently been concentrated in populations that are already maligned on the basis of race, ethnicity, age, criminality, disability, gender deviation, lower class, caste or poverty. This heritage continues to inform current practices and contributes to ongoing global inequalities of healthcare.
Spin-resolved electronic, magnetic, and thermodynamic properties of perovskites XTiO3 (X = Rb, Cs) using GGA, TB-mBJ, and GGA + U potentials: a DFT approach
Authors: Sirajuddeen M. Mohamed Sheik , Mohamed S. Beer , Beevi N. Hajara , Ashwin V. , Lone Ikram Un Nabi
Published: August 2022

Half-metallic ferromagnetism is reported in RbTiO3 and CsTiO3 compounds under the exchange-correlation functions GGA, TB-mBJ, and GGA +  U using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method. Spin-resolved calculations were carried out and implemented within the framework of density functional theory. The compounds exhibit energy band gap in the spin-up direction using three functionals of PBE-GGA, TB-mBJ, and GGA +  U. A larger band gap is predicted to occur in both the compounds with the use of TB-mBJ potential. A higher value of magnetic moment is evidenced for RbTiO3 and CsTiO3 using the PBE-GGA method as compared to the mBJ and GGA +  U methods. The Curie temperature was determined for the compounds at equilibrium and reduced volumes. It is reported that the Curie temperature increases with the increase in hydrostatic pressure. With the help of second-order elastic constants, the Debye temperature and anisotropy factor were predicted for the compounds.
On a class of weakly weighted Einstein metrics
Authors: Shen Zhongmin , Zhao Runzhong
Published: August 2022

The notion of general weighted Ricci curvatures appears naturally in many problems. The N-Ricci curvature and the projective Ricci curvature are just two special ones with totally different geometric meanings. In this paper, we study general weighted Ricci curvatures. We find that Randers metrics of certain isotropic weighted Ricci curvature must have isotropic S-curvature. Then we classify them via their navigation expressions. We also find equations that characterize Randers metrics of almost isotropic weighted Ricci curvature.
PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURE CONVERGENCE ACROSS INDIAN STATES: NEW EVIDENCE FROM LM AND RALS-LM TESTS
Authors: AKRAM VASEEM , RATH BADRI NARAYAN
Published: August 2022

This study examines the total per capita health expenditure convergence across 25 Indian states by disaggregating total per capita health expenditure into revenue and capital health expenditure. This study uses the recent Lagrange Multiplier and Residual Augmented Least Squares-Lagrange Multiplier unit root and club convergence tests. Results of unit-root tests indicate the evidence of convergence for aggregate per capita health expenditure and its compositions. The speed of convergence of total per capita health expenditure is found to be approximately 0.15%. Results from sub-panels reveal that special-category states are converging. Based on the findings, it may be appropriate for the central government to design the equalizing transfer system and revisit poor states’ per capita health expenditure patterns.
Magnetic monopoles in two time dimensions
Authors: Elsborg J. , Köhn C.
Published: August 2022

The observation of magnetic monopoles would lead to a symmetrization of Maxwell’s equations and provide explanations of fundamental properties such as the quantization of electric charge. Yet, in four dimensions, the covariant electromagnetic field tensor yields an action whose resulting field equations establish the absence of a magnetic charge. We here study the existence of magnetic monopoles in an extended space–time with a second time dimension, and construct the higher-dimensional gauge potential. This motivates the use of the Kalb–Ramond field, upon which a Kaluza–Klein-like reduction is performed under the assumption that the two time dimensions have no co-dependency. The resulting 5D electrodynamics contains a generalized version of Maxwell’s equations which contain magnetic charge densities whose source potential obeys a five-dimensional wave equation. As a second time dimension only acts on small length scales in the order of the Planck length, we provide a theory with symmetrized Maxwell’s equations including magnetic monopoles which do not violate current experimental evidence. We finally discuss the subsequent quantization of the electric charge as well as the weak interaction, equivalent to the violation of time reversal.
THE FORMATION AND FUNCTION OF HUMAN BONES RECONSIDERED
Authors: Robertson D. S.
Published: August 2022

The chemical reactions and physical effects involved in the cessation of bone formation with age, the formation of blood and other cells in bone marrow plus the development of osteoporosis and the link of the latter to anaemia and diabetes are reconsidered with respect to the physical and biochemical conditions present in the human body.
Bicocycle double cross constructions
Authors: Esen Oğul , Guha Partha , Sütlü Serkan
Published: August 2022

We introduce the notion of a bicocycle double cross product (sum) Lie group (algebra), and a bicocycle double cross product bialgebra, generalizing the unified products. On the level of Lie groups the construction yields a Lie group on the product space of two pointed manifolds, none of which being necessarily a subgroup. On the level of Lie algebras, a Lie algebra is obtained on the direct sum of two vector spaces, which are not required to be subalgebras. Finally, on the quantum level a bialgebra is obtained on the tensor product of two (co)algebras that are not necessarily sub-bialgebras.
An Ensemble Model for Stance Detection in Social Media Texts
Authors: Sherif Sara S. , Shawky Doaa M. , Fayed Hatem A.
Published: August 2022

The aim of this paper is to develop a model to classify the stance expressed in social media texts. More specifically, the work presented focuses on tweets. In stance detection (SD) tasks, the objective is to identify the stance of a person towards a target of interest. In this paper, a model for SD is established and its variations are evaluated using different classifiers. The single models differ based on the pre-processing and the combination of features. To reduce the dimensionality of the feature space, analysis of variance (ANOVA) test is used. Then, two classifiers are employed as base learners including Random Forests (RF) and Support Vector Machines (SVM). Experimental analyses are conducted on SemEval dataset that is used as a benchmark for SD. Finally, the base learners that resulted from different design alternatives, are combined into three ensemble models. Experimental results show the significance of the used features and the effectiveness of a manually built dictionary that is used in the pre-processing stage. Moreover, the proposed ensembles outperform the state-of-the-art models in the overall test score, which suggests that ensemble learning is the best tool for effective SD in tweets.
A Theorem on Supports of Weighted Tree Automata Over Strong Bimonoids
Authors: Ghorani Maryam , Vogler Heiko
Published: August 2022

We investigate weighted tree automata over strong bimonoids. Intuitively, strong bimonoids are semirings which may lack the distributivity laws. For instance, each (not necessarily distributive) bounded lattice is a strong bimonoid. In general, for a weighted tree automaton over a strong bimonoid, its run semantics is different from its initial algebra semantics. We prove that for positive strong bimonoids the supports of these semantics are equal, and we also deal with a kind of reverse statement.
Platinum-supported NiO nanotubes enabled by self-sacrificial templating with enhanced electrochemical determination of glucose
Authors: Zhao Heyu , Yin Haoyong , Zhang Zongfei , Gong Jianying , Zhao Shumin , Nie Qiulin , Wang Ling
Published: August 2022

NiO/Pt nanotubes were obtained by firstly preparing the NiO nanotube with self-sacrificial templating methods and subsequently loading Pt nanoparticles with microwave assistant procedures. The as-prepared NiO/Pt nanotubes sensors displayed better electrocatalytic activities for glucose oxidation. The detection limit and sensitivity for glucose detection are 0.3 [Formula: see text]M and 418.28 [Formula: see text]A⋅ mM[Formula: see text]⋅cm[Formula: see text] in the range of 1 [Formula: see text]M-4000 [Formula: see text]M. In addition, the practicality of NiO/Pt nanotubes was also confirmed by determining the glucose in serum specimen.
Magnetic Properties and Compensation Temperature of a Mixed Monolayer Coronene-Like Nanostructure: Monte Carlo Study
Authors: Fadil Z. , Saber N. , Eraki H. , Mhirech A. , Kabouchi B. , Bahmad L.
Published: August 2022

In this study, the ground-state phase diagrams and magnetic properties of mixed spin ([Formula: see text]-1, [Formula: see text]-7/2) of the monolayer coronene-like nanostructure have been investigated using Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) in the frame of the Blume Capel model. In the first part, ground-state phase diagrams have been analyzed in order to show the more stable configurations of spins corresponding to various planes. In addition, MCS is applied to study the behavior of the compensation and blocking temperatures by varying the exchange coupling interaction values. Finally, the hysteresis cycle behaviors have been investigated for selected values of exchange coupling parameters, temperature and crystal field. The theoretical results obtained in this study can enrich the magnetic properties of nanosystems and pave the way for researchers to experimentally study monolayer coronene-like nanostructure for future applications in nanotechnology.
Dynamic Geometric Set Cover and Hitting Set
Authors: Agarwal Pankaj , Chang Hsien-Chih , Suri Subhash , Xiao Allen , Xue Jie
Published: August 2022

We investigate dynamic versions of geometric set cover and hitting set where points and ranges may be inserted or deleted, and we want to efficiently maintain an (approximately) optimal solution for the current problem instance. While their static versions have been extensively studied in the past, surprisingly little is known about dynamic geometric set cover and hitting set. For instance, even for the most basic case of one-dimensional interval set cover and hitting set, no nontrivial results were known. The main contribution of our article are two frameworks that lead to efficient data structures for dynamically maintaining set covers and hitting sets in ℝ
1
and ℝ
2
. The first framework uses bootstrapping and gives a (1 + ε)-approximate data structure for dynamic interval set cover in ℝ
1
with
O
(
n
α
/ ε) amortized update time for any constant α > 0; in ℝ
2
, this method gives
O
(1)-approximate data structures for unit-square set cover and hitting set with
O
(
n
1/2+α
) amortized update time. The second framework uses local modification and leads to a (1 + ε)-approximate data structure for dynamic interval hitting set in ℝ
1
with Õ(1/ε) amortized update time; in ℝ
2
, it gives
O
(1)-approximate data structures for unit-square set cover and hitting set in the
partially
dynamic settings with Õ(1) amortized update time.
Opinion Leader Detection in Asian Social Networks using Modified Spider Monkey Optimization
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Kumar Akshi , Mallik Abhishek , Dhall Sakshi
Published: August 2022

The Asian social networks are dominated by the society’s collectivist culture, and this interestingly introduces an influence mechanism aided by word-of-mouth and opinion leaders. An opinion leader can help to generate and shape other people’s opinion and achieve a high information spread on any topic. In this work, a modified spider monkey optimization based opinion leader detection approach is proposed. Firstly, we employ the modified node2vec graph embedding to generate the lower dimensional vectors which act as the initial features for the nodes in a typical Asian social network. Next, the entire population is broken down into several groups using the k-means++ algorithm where the number of clusters is equal to the number of opinion leaders to be selected. The local and global leaders are chosen by using the coordinates of the cluster centres of these clusters. The coordinates of the centroids of the clusters are then used to detect the local and global leaders in the network. The local leaders then form the seed set of opinion leaders for the network. The positions of the nodes in the network, including the local and global leaders, are updated over a number of iterations. At the end of these iterations, the seed set generating the maximum influence forms the set of opinion leaders in the network. We test our proposed approach using the popular information diffusion and
cognitive opinion dynamics (COD)
models. We perform intensive experiments on several real-life social networks based on various performance metrics. The results obtained reveal that the proposed approach outperforms several existing techniques of opinion leader detection.
A Normal Form Algorithm for Tensor Rank Decomposition
Authors: Telen Simon , Vannieuwenhoven Nick
Published: August 2022

We propose a new numerical algorithm for computing the tensor rank decomposition or canonical polyadic decomposition of higher-order tensors subject to a rank and genericity constraint. Reformulating this computational problem as a system of polynomial equations allows us to leverage recent numerical linear algebra tools from computational algebraic geometry. We characterize the complexity of our algorithm in terms of an algebraic property of this polynomial system—the multigraded regularity. We prove effective bounds for many tensor formats and ranks, which are of independent interest for overconstrained polynomial system solving. Moreover, we conjecture a general formula for the multigraded regularity, yielding a (parameterized) polynomial time complexity for the tensor rank decomposition problem in the considered setting. Our numerical experiments show that our algorithm can outperform state-of-the-art numerical algorithms by an order of magnitude in terms of accuracy, computation time, and memory consumption.
Foundations of Differentially Oblivious Algorithms
Authors: Chan T.-H. Hubert , Chung Kai-Min , Maggs Bruce , Shi Elaine
Published: August 2022

It is well-known that a program’s memory access pattern can leak information about its input. To thwart such leakage, most existing works adopt the technique of
oblivious RAM (ORAM)
simulation. Such an obliviousness notion has stimulated much debate. Although ORAM techniques have significantly improved over the past few years, the concrete overheads are arguably still undesirable for real-world systems — part of this overhead is in fact inherent due to a well-known logarithmic ORAM lower bound by Goldreich and Ostrovsky. To make matters worse, when the program’s runtime or output length depend on secret inputs, it may be necessary to perform worst-case padding to achieve full obliviousness and thus incur possibly super-linear overheads.

Inspired by the elegant notion of differential privacy, we initiate the study of a new notion of access pattern privacy, which we call “ (ϵ , δ) -differential obliviousness”. We separate the notion of (ϵ , δ) -differential obliviousness from classical obliviousness by considering several fundamental algorithmic abstractions including sorting small-length keys, merging two sorted lists, and range query data structures (akin to binary search trees). We show that by adopting differential obliviousness with reasonable choices of ϵ and δ , not only can one circumvent several impossibilities pertaining to full obliviousness, one can also, in several cases, obtain meaningful privacy with little overhead relative to the non-private baselines (i.e., having privacy “with little extra overhead”). On the other hand, we show that for very demanding choices of ϵ and δ , the same lower bounds for oblivious algorithms would be preserved for (ϵ, δ) -differential obliviousness.
An Improved Bound for Weak Epsilon-nets in the Plane
Authors: Rubin Natan
Published: August 2022

We show that for any finite point set
P
in the plane and
ϵ > 0
there exist

\( O(\tfrac{1}{{\epsilon }^{3/2+\gamma }}) \)

points in ℝ
2
, for arbitrary small γ > 0, that pierce every convex set
K
with |
K
∩
P
|> ϵ |
P
|. This is the first improvement of the bound of

\( O(\tfrac{1}{{\epsilon }^2}) \)

that was obtained in 1992 by Alon, Bárány, Füredi, and Kleitman for general point sets in the plane.
Molecular Characterization of Staphylococci Recovered from Hospital Personnel and Frequently Touched Surfaces in Tianjin, China
Authors: Liu Yuting , Chen Liqin , Duan Yuping , Xu Zhen
Published: August 2022

Staphylococci are major hospital-associated pathogens, and the dissemination of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in hospitals poses a great challenge for managing hospital-acquired infections. Little is known about the dissemination of staphylococci recovered from the hospital environment and personnel in China. In this study, antimicrobial susceptibility tests, mecA gene detection, SCCmec typing, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were performed to clarify the molecular epidemiology of staphylococci in a large hospital in Tianjin, China. One hundred and ninety-five staphylococci were recovered, and 94% of isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Eighty-five staphylococci were mecA gene-positive, and 40% of them harbored SCCmec IV and V. The genotype of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was ST25, and the dominant genotype of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) was ST59. Three new sequence types were assigned as ST840, ST841, and ST842. One (2%) frequently touched surface was contaminated by S. aureus, which suggested that environmental contamination occurred in the hospital in China. Nineteen (39%) frequently touched surfaces were contaminated by methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS), and 46% of HP carried MRCoNS. Varied staphylococcal species and antimicrobial-resistance rates were observed between staphylococci that were recovered from hospital personnel and frequently touched surfaces. The transmission of MRSE and S. aureus between hospital personnel and frequently touched surfaces was detected. Hospital items and personnel may act as reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant staphylococci, and cleaning strategies should be carried out to decrease the dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant staphylococci in hospitals in China.
Driving Force Mechanism of the Core Green Technology Innovation of Equipment Manufacturing Enterprises towards Industry 5.0 in China
Authors: Li Baohong , Song Peng
Published: August 2022

Green innovation is an important way for enterprises to achieve high-quality economic development, and it is also the way to achieve the goal of double carbon. Green innovation has therefore become a research hotspot. With the acceleration of the digitalization process in equipment enterprises, intelligent manufacturing equipment enterprises located at the top of the industrial chain are in urgent need of green core technology innovation activities. In order to explore the internal mechanism of core green technology innovation, this research introduces reputation theory into the evolutionary game analysis process. By constructing an evolutionary game model between the government and intelligent manufacturing equipment enterprises, this research analyzes the dynamic factors that affect the selection and evolution of the main strategies of the players in the evaluation game. The results show that corporate reputation, core green technology innovation profit, government subsidies, government reputation, and the cost for the government to support core technology, among other factors, importantly affect the game between the government and the enterprises. At the same time, since both the government and the enterprises are affected by the initial state and the maximization of the interests of both sides of the game, it is difficult for them to spontaneously reach an ideal stable and balanced state through a virtuous circle. The greater the profits and the reputation premium the core green technology innovation brings to the enterprises, the more favorable it is for the enterprises to choose core green technology innovation; government subsidies within a certain range will also drive enterprises to choose core green technology innovation. When the value of enterprise core green technology innovation is low, the cost for the government to support core green technology innovation is lower, enterprises will lose more opportunities and decline in global competitiveness, and it will become more favorable for the government to evolve towards supporting core green technology innovation. On the contrary, the government will gradually transfer its tangible hand to the intangible hand of the market based on the consideration of subsidies, innovation costs, and reputation. The results of this research are intended to provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for Chinese intelligent manufacturing equipment enterprises to better achieve green core technology innovation.
[Retracted] Analysis on the Characteristics and Influence of the Teaching Environment Design of College Politics Course under the Campus Humanistic Governance Environment
Authors: Gao Jian , Li Bo
Published: August 2022

This paper discusses the characteristics and influence of the teaching environment design of College Politics Course under the campus humanistic governance environment. Based on Rogers’ humanistic theory in the campus humanistic governance environment, this paper designs the teaching environment of college politics course from the aspects of learning situation analysis, teaching method design, teaching content design, teaching objectives and process design, and teaching evaluation design. Through the way of scoring, we evaluate the impact of environmental design on teaching. Results. After the design of teaching environment, the scores of teachers were (8.21 ± 1.22), (7.84 ± 1.20), (9.25 ± 0.12), and (9.10 ± 0.51), respectively, in terms of vivid and intuitive teaching methods and means, method innovation, teacher‐student interaction, and knowledge expansion. Students’ scores were (8.65 ± 4.10), (8.52 ± 1.00), (9.33 ± 0.16), and (8.77 ± 0.54), respectively, and other teaching conditions were also improved. Conclusion. Based on the campus humanistic governance environment, designing the teaching environment of college politics course can effectively improve the teaching effect and teaching quality.
English Online Course Development Model and Course Content Recommendation
Authors: Wu Ni
Published: August 2022

The process of education informatization has been accelerated in the Internet era. English course teaching in colleges and universities also gradually follows the development of the times and makes efforts to promote the reform of informatization teaching. This paper gives the design and application strategy of the English course development model in China’s colleges and universities and designs a diversified teaching model. In addition, aiming at the unreasonable selection of teaching resources and learning materials, this paper designs a multidimensional course recommendation algorithm with integrated features. The proposed algorithm uses a deep learning model for data feature extraction and extracts the information of course attributes and review texts. Then an improved association rule algorithm is conceived to perform association clustering analysis on the original course categories to increase the coverage of recommendations. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed content recommendation algorithm can recommend high-quality course resources for English teachers, and its performance is better than other algorithms.
A Single‐Center Treatment Experience of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Optic Pathway Glioma
Authors: Ge Youlin , Zhang Zhiyuan , Li Yanhe , Lin Yiguang , Zong Yongqing , Liu Dong
Published: August 2022

Objectives. To determine the independent prognostic factors that will influence the local tumor control/visual acuity (VA) preservation of optic pathway glioma (OPG) after Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) and to optimize the treatment strategy. Methods. A cohort of 52 consecutive OPG patients who underwent GKS in our center between August 1997 and September 2020 was studied retrospectively. Risk factors such as age at GKS, gender, tumor subtype, tumor site, tumor volume, intratumoral cyst formation, and marginal dose were selected for the univariate and multivariate analysis. COX proportional hazard models were built to determine the independent prognostic factors of local tumor control/VA preservation, and the Kaplan‐Meier (K‐M) curves were plotted to compare the survival rate among subgroups. Results. 52 OPG patients were included in this study, with a median age of 13.8 years (2‐53 years); female outnumbered male at a ratio of 30 : 22; 7 patients (13.5%) had a history of surgical resection; 14 patients (26.9%) were categorized as neurofibromatosis type I (NFI) associated OPG and the rest as sporadic OPG; there were 6 patients (11.5%) with tumors located at hypothalamus/optic chiasm and the rest located in the orbit; the mean tumor volume was 4.36 ml (0.25‐11.4 ml); 49 patients (94.2%) presented with VA impairment before GKS; 28 patients (53.8%) underwent single fraction GKS, and the rest underwent fractionated GKS (2‐4 fractions); the mean marginal dose (represented with biologically effective dose, BED) was 66.6 Gy (13.3‐126.0 Gy); the median follow‐up time was 39 months (6‐147 months); 11 patients were observed with tumor relapse, 33 with stable disease, and 8 with tumor regression; tumor relapse time varied from 30 to 76 months (mean 54 months); the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) rates were 100%, 92%, and 78%, respectively; 30 patients were included in the visual analysis; 7 patients were observed with VA deterioration, 19 with stable VA, and 4 with VA improvement; the 1‐,3‐, and 5‐year VA preservation rates were 92%, 84%, and 77%, respectively. COX proportional hazard risk models showed that intratumoral cyst formation and marginal dose were the only two independent prognostic factors of local tumor control/VA preservation; fractionated GKS provided a higher VA preservation rate than single fraction GKS. Four patients were observed with conjunctive edema/conjunctive hyperemia in 1‐4 weeks after GKS. Conclusions. GKS is a safe and effective treatment for OPG either as initial treatment or as salvage treatment after surgical resection, it provides good local tumor control and VA preservation, and fractionated GKS could be a preference for OPG patients with baseline VA ≥ 0.2.
A Novel Joint Entity Relation Extraction Based on Capsule Network and Part-of-Speech Weighting
Authors: Wang Jianmin , Song Yujia , Zhao Wenbin , Jia Ziyue , Wu Feng
Published: August 2022

With the development of science and technology, science and technology policies are increasing year by year. Science and technology policies are literature existing in the form of texts, which are characterized by rigorous structure, clear hierarchy, and standard language. Mining template information from policies can optimize data templates and improve the efficiency of recommending data to users. This paper proposes a joint entity relation extraction model based on capsule networks and part-of-speech weighting. In order to learn more feature information from word vector, capsule network based on bidirectional gated cyclic unit is used to replace the traditional convolutional neural network. In view of the phenomenon of imperfect semantic expression of word vector, part-of-speech features are added to enrich text information. Meanwhile, in order to solve the weight distribution problem of word features and part-of-speech features, an artificial fish swarm algorithm is proposed to optimize the two feature weights by iterative optimization, and the effectiveness of the proposed model is proved by experiments.
Monitoring and Prediction of Highway Foundation Settlement Based on Particle Swarm Optimization and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Yang Rui , Yuan ShengLi
Published: August 2022

Highway construction has always been an important strategy in China’s construction projects. However, because the soil in the construction area belongs to the soft soil zone, there will often be large vertical deformation in the construction process, which will seriously affect the engineering quality, so the highway FS (foundation settlement) prediction is particularly important. In order to improve the accuracy of highway stability prediction and ensure the safety of highway engineering, a prediction model based on PSO_SVM (support vector machine for particle swarm optimization) is proposed. By using the particle velocity and its position in the PSO algorithm to correspond to the kernel function parameters and penalty factors of the parameters in the model, the optimal parameters are found and substituted into the SVM prediction model to obtain the PSO_SVM. The results show that the MAD of section A# and section B # of PSO_SVM is 0.8991 and 1.3027 for different monitoring points. Conclusion. PSO_SVM has a strong learning and generalization ability, high prediction accuracy, stability, and adaptability, and can reflect the overall change information of highway FS data, which has practical application value.
Long Noncoding RNA LEMD1‐AS1 Increases LEMD1 Expression and Activates PI3K‐AKT Pathway to Promote Metastasis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li Zaiye , Wang Jie , Wu Jianjun , Li Ning , Jiang Canhua
Published: August 2022

Background. The survival rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is only 50% due to a high incidence of metastasis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in OSCC genesis and progression, although their potential role in the metastasis of OSCC remains unclear. Methods. The transcriptome of 5 metastatic and 5 nonmetastatic OSCC samples were assessed by RNA sequencing. The biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of LEMD1‐AS1 in OSCC were explored by in vitro and in vivo assays. Results. We identified 487 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and 1507 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in OSCC with cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis relative to the nonmetastatic samples. In addition, both LEMD1‐AS1 and its cognate LEMD1 were up‐regulated in metastatic OSCC compared to nonmetastatic OSCC. Gain‐of‐function, loss‐of‐function, and rescue experiments indicated that LEMD1‐AS1 upregulated LEMD1 to increase OSCC migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LEMD1‐AS1 stabilized LEMD1 and increased its mRNA and protein levels, and consequently activated the PI3K‐AKT signaling pathway to facilitate OSCC metastasis. Conclusions. We established the lncRNA‐mRNA landscape of metastatic OSCC, which indicated that LEMD1‐AS1 enhanced OSCC metastasis by stabilizing its antisense transcript LEMD1. Thus, LEMD1‐AS1 is a potential biomarker for predicting metastasis, as well as a therapeutic target of OSCC.
Volumetric Evaluations of Full‐Arch Implant Supported Restorations and Their Role on Patients’ Quality of Life: A Mixed‐Model Analysis
Authors: Bruschi Ernesto , De Angelis Paolo , Papetti Laura , Rella Edoardo , Gasparini Giulio , D’addona Antonio , Manicone Paolo Francesco
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Full‐arch, implant‐supported hybrid restorations, employing tilted implants, can offer an efficient way of treating edentulous patients. Several factors, such as the timing of implant placement and the inclination of the fixture, can have a detrimental effect on their stability. This retrospective study is aimed at discerning the role played by those factors. Materials and Methods. Patients treated with full‐arch, implant supported restorations were selected for this study; cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, taken 3 months and 3 years after delivery of the final restoration, as well as peri‐implant values, were obtained and compared; bone loss was measured on four sites for each implant and then averaged. These patients were recalled, and the OHIP‐5 questionnaire was administered. Results. 21 patients, with a mean age of 53 years, were included in the present analysis. 108 implants were placed, and 25 Toronto prostheses were delivered. According to a mixed‐model analysis, tilted implants (0.51, p < 0.001) had a higher rate of bone loss, while implants placed in a healed ridge suffered less bone loss than immediate implants (‐0.21, p < 0.001). Patient‐level variables have a significant effect on this variable, as implants coming from the same subject share a similar risk of bone loss. The mean response to the self‐administered OHIP‐5 questionnaire was 1.53 ± 0.29; other variables did not have a statistically significant effect on this outcome. Discussion/Conclusions. The results of the present study show that Toronto bridges prostheses are an efficient procedure for treating edentulous patients, as their oral‐related quality of life is reported as satisfactory even 7 years after delivery of the restoration. Tilted and immediate implants are more at risk of bone loss. Implants coming from the same subject share a similar risk of bone loss.
Research on the Relationship between Urban Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution and Rural Residents’ Income Growth
Authors: Xu Pu , Li Shanwei , Yang Xiaona , Li Yufeng
Published: August 2022

Researching the relationship between urban agricultural nonpoint source pollution (UANSP) and increases in rural residents’ income levels has significant practical implications for effectively controlling UANSP and improving the quality of life of urban residents, and it is conducive to achieving a win‐win situation between economic and environmental benefits. This study chooses agricultural statistical data from Shanghai from 1998 to 2019, implements the EKC and the VAR model to dynamically analyze internal interaction between them, and thoroughly examines impact effect and explanatory contribution degree of each variable. The results show the following: (1) There was an inverted “N” curve between plastic film application intensity and rural residents’ per capita disposable income; there was a linear decreasing relationship between the intensity of fertilizer and pesticide application and rural residents’ per capita disposable income. (2) Nonpoint source pollution emissions will decrease as rural residents’ income levels rise. Reduction of nonpoint source pollution can promote the short‐term improvement of rural residents’ income levels, but it has a negative effect on the long‐term improvement of rural residents’ income levels. (3) Fertilizer and pesticide application intensity had a low driving effect on rural residents’ income growth, whereas plastic film application intensity had a strong driving effect. Therefore, the ANSP of Shanghai should be treated from both long‐term and short‐term perspectives on the basis of decreasing stage. In the long term, the government should increase farmers’ sense of ownership in agricultural nonpoint source pollution control, prioritize the development of ecological circular agriculture, and gradually improve nonpoint source remote sensing monitoring and service management capabilities. In the short term, the government should reduce farmers’ nonpoint source pollution through subsidies and technical assistance. To keep costs down, the government established an administrative reward and punishment system to control ANSP at the source.
Robust Finite-Time Tracking Control Based on Disturbance Observer for an Uncertain Quadrotor under External Disturbances
Authors: Hassani Hamid , Mansouri Anass , Ahaitouf Ali
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a robust flight control system is proposed for an autonomous quadrotor to quickly and accurately achieve the targeted trajectories. A novel supertwisting nonsingular terminal sliding mode control (STNTSMC) has been developed to ensure that the tracking errors vanish in a short finite-time. A nonlinear disturbance observer (DO) is incorporated into the control system to estimate the unknown external perturbations and to strengthen the system’s robustness. The Lyapunov theory is used to verify the closed-loop stability of the synthesized controller. Moreover, processor-in-the-loop (PIL) implementations are performed to validate the efficacy of the suggested method. The merit of the proposed DO-STNTSMC is evaluated under multiple flight scenarios. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed controller has a highly reduced tracking error and strong robustness against random parameter changes and external disturbances, compared to conventional nonsingular terminal sliding mode control. Finally, experimental tests are conducted to validate the performance of the suggested method.
Effect of Early Exercise Rehabilitation on Cardiopulmonary Function and Quality of Life in Patients after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Shan Rongfang , Zhang Lin , Zhu Yuling , Ben Liyun , Xin Yongli , Wang Fei , Yan Lihua
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of early exercise rehabilitation on cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Eighty patients with coronary heart disease who underwent CABG from April 2020 to April 2022 were divided into the study group (n = 40) and control group (n = 40). The control group was given conventional treatment and routine care after CABG, and the study group received early exercise rehabilitation according to the control group. The cardiac function indexes, 6‐minute walking test (6MWT), and cardiopulmonary function indexes and quality of life of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention, and the length of hospitalization and hospital costs as well as the occurrence of pulmonary complications in both groups were recorded. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly higher (P < 0.05), and left ventricular end‐diastolic dimension (LVEDD) and left ventricular end‐systolic diameter (LVESD) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the study group than in the control group after the intervention; 6MWT, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), and anaerobic threshold (AT) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the study group than in the control group after the intervention; physical function (PF), role physical (RP), general health (GH), and role emotional (RE) dimension scores were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the study group compared with the control group after the intervention The differences in the scores of the remaining dimensions were not statistically significant (P > 0.05); the total hospitalization time in the test group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05), the hospitalization cost was significantly less than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the total incidence of pulmonary infection and hypoxemia was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Early exercise rehabilitation can effectively improve cardiopulmonary function and exercise tolerance and improve the quality of life of patients after CABG.
Galangin Nanoparticles Protect Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury: A Biochemical and Histopathological Approach
Authors: Mohammadi Arezoo , Kazemi Sohrab , Molayousefian Inas , Pirzadeh Marzieh , Moghadamnia Ali Akbar
Published: August 2022

One of the main causes of acute liver failure is overdose with acetaminophen. Excessive consumption of acetaminophen leads to the production of NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine) through the activity of the enzyme cytochrome c oxidase. For this purpose, the effect of galangin nanoparticles with antioxidant activities will be evaluated for the treatment of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. In this study, after the synthesis of galangin nanoparticles and particle size determination, mice were divided into six groups. Before treatment, a single dose (350 mg/kg) of acetaminophen was administered by gavage in all groups. The activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as biochemical factors FRAP and MDA in serum were measured and a histopathological study was performed. The prepared nanoparticles produced in this research were characterized by the SEM, DLS, and ZETA potential, and the average particle size was obtained in the range of 150 nm. Serum levels of liver enzymes (AST and ALT) in the nanoparticle group decreased significantly compared with the control group (

P
<
0.05

). In the group without treatment, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzymes increased significantly compared with the treatment groups. Also, galangin nanoparticles, at a dose of 20 mg/kg, improve cell damage in hepatocytes and preserve the tissue structure of the liver. Galangin nanoparticles reduce the acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by reducing the number of liver function indices. According to our findings, the liver-protective effects of the nanoparticle may be due to its antioxidant properties.
Association between Lipid Profile and Apolipoproteins with Risk of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ulloque-Badaracco Juan R. , Mosquera-Rojas Melany D. , Hernandez-Bustamante Enrique A , Alarcón-Braga Esteban A , Ulloque-Badaracco Ricardo R. , Al-kassab-Córdova Ali , Herrera-Añazco Percy , Benites-Zapata Vicente A. , Hernandez Adrian V.
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims. Biomarkers are necessary to stratify the risk of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between the lipid profile and apolipoproteins with the risk of DFU. Methods. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science among adult patients. Cohort and case-control studies were included. Random-effects models were used for meta-analyses, and the effects were expressed as odds ratio (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We evaluated publication bias through Egger’s test and funnel plot. Results. A total of 12 cohort studies and 26 case-control studies were included, with 17076 patients. We found that the higher values of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) were associated with a higher risk of developing DFU (OR: 1.47, OR: 1.47, OR: 1.5, OR: 1.85, respectively). Otherwise, the lower values of HDL were associated with a higher risk of developing DFU (OR: 0.49). Publication bias was not found for associations between TC, HDL, LDL, or TG and the risk of DFU. Conclusions. The high values of LDL, TC, TG, and Lp(a) and low values of HDL are associated with a higher risk of developing DFU. Furthermore, we did not find a significant association for VLDL, ApoA1, ApoB, and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio.
A Low‐Voltage Hybrid CMOS‐Memristor‐Based Wideband Class‐AB Amplifier for Portable Electronic Device Applications
Authors: Sahoo Satyajeet , Shaik Deneyaz , Soni K. , Murthy G. Ramana , Ramaswamy Kiran
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a low‐voltage high‐gain wideband three‐stage true‐class‐AB amplifier. This is realized in the 0.18 μm CMOS process. The three‐stage class‐AB amplifier is proposed based on a compensation topology called nested Miller compensation along with a memristor to get pole‐zero cancellation, which arises beyond the unity gain frequency. The circuit is implemented without the need for extra components as transistors, resistors, and capacitors, thus saving the complexity of the circuit and power consumption. The circuit is designed to operate with a supply voltage of ±1 V along with a bias current of 175 μA. The simulation results indicate that this proposed amplifier is capable of driving wide range of resistive and capacitive loads, furthermore capable of maintaining a phase margin of more than 60°. The total compensation capacitor is 2 pF, which is much lesser as compared to pseudo‐ and true‐class AB amplifier, which implies a reduction in area. Simulation results show that the unity gain frequency of the proposed class‐AB amplifier is 136.7 MHz, which is much higher as compared to the counterpart topologies. The major advantage associated with this work is a very high bandwidth attained without affecting the gain of the amplifier.