bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The need for intercultural sensitivity: A frontline report of a German probation officer
Authors: Ghanem Christian
Published: October 2016

In this contribution, a German probation officer provides some critical reflections and argues for an increasing need to enhance intercultural sensitivity among probation officers. If the probation service wants to avoid contributing to the social exclusion of its clients, changes on an educational, organizational and political level are necessary.
Effect of Residual Bacteria on the Outcome of Pulp Regeneration In Vivo
Authors: Verma P. , Nosrat A. , Kim J.R. , Price J.B. , Wang P. , Bair E. , Xu H.H. , Fouad A.F.
Published: October 2016

It is not known to what extent residual infection may interfere with the success of pulp regeneration procedures. The aim of this study was to determine, radiographically and histologically, the effect of residual bacteria on the outcome of pulp regeneration mediated by a tissue-engineered construct as compared with traditional revascularization. Periapical lesions were induced in 24 canine teeth of 6 ferrets. After disinfection with 1.25% NaOCl and triple antibiotic paste, ferret dental pulp stem cells, encapsulated in a hydrogel scaffold, were injected into half the experimental teeth. The other half were treated with the traditional revascularization protocol with a blood clot scaffold. After 3 mo, block sections of the canine teeth were imaged radiographically and processed for histologic and histobacteriologic analyses. Associations between variables of interest were evaluated through mixed effects regression models. There were no significant differences between the 2 experimental groups in radiographic root development ( P > 0.05). There was a significant association between the presence of persistent periapical radiolucency and root wall thickness ( P = 0.02). There was also no significant difference in histologic findings between the 2 experimental groups ( P > 0.05). The presence of residual bacteria was significantly associated with lack of radiographic growth ( P < 0.001). The amount of dentin-associated mineralized tissue formed in teeth with residual bacteria was significantly less than in teeth with no residual bacteria ( P < 0.001). Residual bacteria have a critical negative effect on the outcome of regenerative endodontic procedures.
The democratic dividend of nonviolent resistance
Authors: Bayer Markus , Bethke Felix S , Lambach Daniel
Published: October 2016

Research suggests that nonviolent resistance (NVR) campaigns are more successful in deposing dictators than armed rebellions. However, ousting dictators is only the first step in the process of democratization. After deposing an autocratic regime, societies enter a transition phase where they must learn to consolidate the gains of democracy and bargain about the new rules of the democratic regime. But even if free, fair, and competitive elections are held, indicating a successful transition to democratic rule, uncertainty about its stability remains salient. In the period that follows, either democracy survives and proves to be resilient, or an autocratic backslide occurs. In this article, we analyze the effect of NVR campaigns on the survival of democratic regimes. Building on the literature on modes of transitions and nonviolent resistance, we argue that those democratic regimes that come into being as a result of a NVR campaign are less prone to democratic breakdown. The main mechanism which produces this effect is that the organizational culture of NVR campaigns spills over to the subsequent democratic regime fostering conditions favorable for democratic survival. We test the effect of NVR campaigns on democratic regime survival using survival analysis and propensity score matching. The results show that democratic regimes that experience NVR during the transition phase survive substantially longer than regimes without NVR.
Metamizole (dipyrone) effects on sevoflurane requirements and postoperative hyperalgesia in rats
Authors: Ruiz-Pérez Daniel , Benito Javier , Largo Carlota , Polo Gonzalo , Canfrán Susana , Gómez de Segura Ignacio Alvarez
Published: October 2016

Unlike non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), metamizole has poor anti-inflammatory effects; and is suitable for models where analgesia, but not anti-inflammatory effects, is desirable. Like opioids, these drugs produce perioperative analgesia while reducing anaesthetic requirements, but it remains unclear whether they may develop tolerance or hyperalgesia, and thus decrease in analgesic efficacy. The aim was to determine whether tolerance or hyperalgesia to metamizole occurred in rats, and whether the sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) was affected. In a randomized, prospective, controlled study, male Wistar rats ( n = 8 per group) were administered metamizole (300 mg/kg, day 4). Previously, the following treatments were provided: daily metamizole for four days (0–3), morphine (10 mg/kg; positive control, day 0 only) or saline (negative control). The main outcome measures were mechanical (MNT) and warm thermal (WNT) nociceptive quantitative sensory thresholds. The baseline sevoflurane MAC and the reduction produced by the treatments were also determined. The mean (SD) baseline MAC [2.4(0.2)%vol] was decreased by morphine and metamizole by 45(11)% and 33(7)% ( P = 0.000, both), respectively. Baseline MNT [35.4(4.5) g] and WNT [13.2(2.4) s] were decreased by morphine and metamizole: MNT reduction of 22(6)% ( P = 0.000) and 22(7)% ( P = 0.001), respectively and WNT reduction of 34(14)% ( P = 0.000) and 24(13)% ( P = 0.001). The baseline MAC on day 4 was neither modified by treatments nor the MAC reduction produced by metamizole (days 0 and 4; P > 0.05). In conclusion, repeated metamizole administration may produce hyperalgesia, although it may not modify its anaesthetic sparing effect. The clinical relevance of this effect in painful research models requiring prolonged analgesic therapy warrants further investigation.
Abstinence Social Support Among Ex-Prisoners With Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Majer John M. , Plaza Carolina , Jason Leonard A.
Published: October 2016

The relationships between abstinence social support, substance use, and abstinence self-efficacy were examined among a sample of ex-prisoners exiting inpatient treatment for substance use disorders. Ordinary least squares regressions and bootstrapping procedure were used to test whether the relationship between abstinence social support and substance use would be mediated by abstinence self-efficacy. Significant relationships between variables were observed, and abstinence self-efficacy mediated the relationship between abstinence social support and substance use. Findings suggest that abstinence social support is enhanced by abstinence self-efficacy, and that these recovery resources can benefit persons with incarceration histories who have substance use disorders.
Integration of excess material into a semi-finished product to form complex composite parts
Authors: Eisenhauer Charlotte M , Drechsler Klaus
Published: October 2016

With a view to minimizing production costs of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP), a contoured, variable-axial reinforcing fabric, so-called “CoCo – contoured composites,” has been developed for complex, primary structural components,. Thereby, scrap in the production of lightweight high-performance components out of CFRP is reduced. Furthermore, components can be designed in an anisotropic way, thus lighter and adapted to the fiber properties. Moreover, production speed will be by far higher than that of conventional variable-axial textiles, like tailored fiber placement and fiber patch preforming. Furthermore, these textiles will show higher drapability than conventional production techniques, like tape-laying or standard textiles. The main focus of this paper is the investigation of draping mechanisms of variable-axial, tailored textiles and their feasibility. To reach high drapability of these semi-finished products, a new draping strategy has been developed. Reinforcing rovings are laid in meander way onto a carrier material holding excess material available for draping. For the textile “CoCo” new draping characteristics have been investigated, showing a kind of stretch forming of the carrier material and a straightening of the reinforcing fibers previously laid in meander. Due to this draping mechanism the material has the ability to form over very complex shapes without showing draping defects, like loops, gaps, or waviness. The calculation of the excess material and the draping mechanism are investigated on a complex form and proven by draping trials.
Study of hydrolytic kinetics of vinyl sulfone reactive dye in siloxane reverse micro-emulsion
Authors: Pei Liujun , Liu Juanjuan , Cai Guoqiang , Wang Jiping
Published: October 2016

Reactive dyes maintain a long reaction with fiber and show a high dye uptake and fixation rate, and effectively decrease the dyeing waste water in siloxane reverse micro-emulsion. However, little research has been carried out into the hydrolysis reaction of reactive dyes in reverse micro-emulsion. In this study, Reactive Blue 19 was selected as a model vinyl sulfone reactive dye to study its hydrolysis in siloxane reverse micro-emulsion. The hydrolysis reaction was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. The results show that the hydrolysis rate of vinyl sulfone dyes in siloxane reverse micro-emulsion was slower than that in a traditional bath. Influences due to the ratio of aqueous dye solution to siloxane, non-ionic surfactant, cellulose fiber, and temperature on the hydrolysis reaction of vinyl sulfone reactive dye were also researched. The results show that with more aqueous solution emulsified in the siloxane media, the hydrolysis reaction of vinyl sulfone dye is faster. Reactive dyes were emulsified into a water micro-environment with non-ionic surfactant, which formed reverse micro-emulsion, and decreased the content of free water; this further influenced the hydrolysis of reactive dye.
School psychology research and practice in East Asia: Perspectives on the past, present, and future directions of the field
Authors: Brown Jacqueline A. , Watanabe Yayoi , Lee Dong Hun , McIntosh Kent
Published: October 2016

To engage in a comparison of school psychology research and practice in eastern and western countries, the current study sought to identify key themes that have influenced the field of school psychology in East Asian countries. Forty-six leading school psychology professionals in Japan, Hong Kong, South Korea, Thailand, and Taiwan provided their perspectives to a six-question survey based on a survey created by McIntosh, Martinez, Ty, and McClain (2013) regarding pivotal ideas and findings related to research and practice in the past 25 years, present, and future that they find particularly exciting. Qualitative thematic analysis, using NVivo software, yielded nine major and 41 minor categories. Across the three time periods (past, present, future), six of the nine major categories (Data-Informed Practices and Their Implementation, Knowledge and Practice of Individual Differences, Theory Development, Technology Development, Development of School Psychology, and Consultation and Collaboration) and seven of the 41 minor categories were present. A comparison between the current study and the McIntosh and colleagues (2013) study suggests that there were many consistencies in major and minor categories. Comparisons between these two studies, along with limitations, future areas for research, and implications for practice, are also discussed.
Mare Nostrum: the visual politics of a military-humanitarian operation in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Musarò Pierluigi
Published: October 2016

Since the early 1990s, the ‘migration crisis’ has been high on Europe’s agenda and a main cause of concern for European citizens. In recent years, numerous activists and scholars have denounced how the militarisation of migration and border controls has been explicitly bound with notions of humanitarianism. As such, the current focus on both the securitarian and humanitarian sides of the phenomenon supports a more complex logic of threat and benevolence that allows for a security-humanitarian response. Assuming the launch of Mare Nostrum – the military-humanitarian operation in the Mediterranean targeted at both rescuing migrants and arresting smugglers – as a transformative moment in the communication strategies of Italy, this article examines the narratives produced by the Italian Navy during the operation, and how these invite us to witness them. Pivoting on the interrelated notions of ‘war imaginary’ and ‘emergency imaginary’, this article investigates how photographs and videos produced by Italian soldiers have contributed to represent the Mediterranean as a ‘humanitarian battlefield’. Thus, exploring the visual politics of Mare Nostrum within the broader framework of the new mediated warfare, it indicates how the bio-political imperative of managing lives is visually expressed through an aesthetic of trauma, where ‘war’ (on migrants) is represented both as an intimate experience of sorrow and as a public act of peacemaking.
Temporary Organizing: Promises, Processes, Problems
Authors: Bakker Rene M. , DeFillippi Robert J. , Schwab Andreas , Sydow Jörg
Published: October 2016

Temporary organizing is introduced as process, form and perspective. Then key challenges and opportunities in the study of temporary organizing are discussed, including methodological issues, how to theorize time, and how to relate the temporary to the more permanent. This introductory article concludes with an overview of the special issue.
Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders in Neuronal Xenotransplanted Macaques
Authors: Cavicchioli L. , Ferraresso S. , Westmoreland S. , Kaliyaperumal S. , Knight H. , Crossan C. , Scobie L. , Danesi A. , Vadori M. , Trez D. , Badin R. Aron , Hantraye P. , Cozzi E.
Published: October 2016

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoid proliferations that occur in the setting of depressed T-cell function due to immunosuppressive therapy used following solid organ transplantation, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and also xenotransplantation. In the present study, 28 immunosuppressed parkinsonian Macaca fascicularis were intracerebrally injected with wild-type or CTLA4-Ig transgenic porcine xenografts to identify a suitable strategy to enable long-term cell survival, maturation, and differentiation. Nine of 28 (32%) immunosuppressed primates developed masses compatible with PTLD, located mainly in the gastrointestinal tract and/or nasal cavity. The masses were classified as monomorphic PTLD according to the World Health Organization classification. Immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses revealed that the PTLDs were associated with macaca lymphocryptovirus as confirmed by double-labeling immunohistochemistry for CD20 and Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA-2), where the viral protein was located within the CD20+ neoplastic B cells. In sera from 3 distinct phases of the experimental life of the primates, testing by quantitative PCR revealed a progression of the viral load that paralleled the PTLD progression and no evidence of zoonotic transmission of porcine lymphotropic herpesvirus through xenoneuronal grafts. These data suggest that monitoring the variation of macaca lymphocryptovirus DNA in primates could be used as a possible early diagnostic tool for PTLD progression, allowing preemptive treatment such as immunosuppression therapy reduction.
Slashing university education: Women’s academic crime fiction in Thatcher’s Britain
Authors: McClellan Ann K.
Published: October 2016

This essay analyzes Margaret Thatcher’s higher education policies and their impact on women, in particular, in order to examine the rise of British women’s academic crime fiction during and immediately following her tenure as Prime Minister. Looking closely at novels published between 1985 and 1999, the essay concludes that British women writers internalized the political conflicts and cutbacks initiated by the Thatcher government as the metaphorical ‘death’ of the British higher education system.
Experimental investigation and numerical simulation of weld bead geometry and temperature distribution during plasma arc welding of thin Ti-6Al-4V sheets
Authors: Dhinakaran V , Shanmugam N Siva , Sankaranarayanasamy K
Published: October 2016

Numerical and experimental investigations of autogenous plasma arc welding of thin titanium alloy of 2 mm thick and modelling the temperature distribution for predicting the weld bead geometry are presented. The finite element code COMSOL Multiphysics is employed to perform non-linear unsteady heat transfer analysis using parabolic Gaussian heat source. Temperature-dependent material properties such as thermal conductivity, density and specific heat are used to enhance the efficiency of simulation process. A forced convective heat transfer coefficient was used to account for the effect of convection. The experimental trials were conducted by varying the welding speed and current using Fronius plasma arc welding equipment. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Establishing the colitis-associated cancer progression mouse models
Authors: Zheng Haiming , Lu Zhanjun , Wang Ruhua , Chen Niwei , Zheng Ping
Published: October 2016

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been reported as an important inducer of colorectal cancer (CRC). The most malignant IBD-associated CRC type has been highlighted as colitis-associated cancer (CAC). However, lack of CAC cases and difficulties of the long follow-up research have challenged researchers in molecular mechanism probing. Here, we established pre-CAC mouse models (dextran sulfate sodium [DSS] group and azoxymethane [AOM] group) and CAC mouse model (DSS/AOM group) to mimic human CAC development through singly or combinational treatment with DSS and AOM followed by disease activity index analysis. We found that these CAC mice showed much more severe disease phenotype, including serious diarrhea, body weight loss, rectal prolapse and bleeding, bloody stool, tumor burden, and bad survival. By detecting expression patterns of several therapeutic targets— Apc, p53, Kras, and TNF-α—in these mouse models through western blot, histology analysis, qRT-PCR, and ELISA methods, we found that the oncogene Kras expression remained unchanged, while the tumor suppressors– Apc and p53 expression were both significantly downregulated with malignancy progression from pre-CAC to CAC, and TNF-α level was elevated the most in CAC mice blood which is of potential clinical use. These data indicated the successful establishment of CAC development mouse models, which mimics human CAC well both in disease phenotype and molecular level, and highlighted the promoting role of inflammation in CAC progression. This useful tool will facilitate the further study in CAC molecular mechanism.
Effects of tranexamic acid on coagulation indexes of patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Liu Fei , Xu Dong , Zhang Kefeng , Zhang Jian
Published: October 2016

This study aims to explore the effects of tranexamic acid on the coagulation indexes of patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery under the condition of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). One hundred patients who conformed to the inclusive criteria were selected and divided into a tranexamic acid group and a non-tranexamic acid group. They all underwent heart valve replacement surgery under CPB. Patients in the tranexamic acid group were intravenously injected with 1 g of tranexamic acid (100 mL) at the time point after anesthesia induction and before skin incision and at the time point after the neutralization of heparin. Patients in the non-tranexamic acid group were given 100 mL of normal saline at corresponding time points, respectively. Then the coagulation indexes of the two groups were analyzed. The activated blood clotting time (ACT) of the two groups was within normal scope before CPB, while four coagulation indexes including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), international normalized ratio (INR), and fibrinogen (FIB) had significant increases after surgery; the PT and INR of the tranexamic acid group had a remarkable decline after surgery. All the findings suggest that the application of tranexamic acid in heart valve replacement surgery under CPB can effectively reduce intraoperative and postoperative blood loss.
Enteral Formulas in Nutrition Support Practice
Authors: Escuro Arlene A. , Hummell A. Christine
Published: October 2016

Over the past few decades, the number of enteral formulas for use in hospitalized, critically ill, and home enteral patients has dramatically increased. Several enteral nutrition (EN) formula categories exist, which makes it challenging for clinicians to sort through the product claims and find the appropriate formula for the patient. Many formulas are available within each category, some of which may be significantly different from one another. Numerous systematic reviews of existing research and clinical practice guidelines evaluate the use of specialty formulas. This review aims to examine the differences in various enteral formula categories, identify applications in clinical practice, and evaluate the existing evidence and guideline recommendations for use of specific types of enteral formulas.
A new neural gas network approach for obtaining the singularity-free workspace of 3-DOF planar parallel manipulators
Authors: Sabbagh Novin Roya , Tale Masouleh Mehdi , Yazdani Mojtaba
Published: October 2016

This paper proposes a new extension of the Growing Neural Gas Network, called the Progressive Growing Neural Gas Network (PGNGN), for the application of kinematic investigation of parallel mechanisms, with more emphasis on the singularity-free workspace determination. In fact, PGNGN leads to a general approach in order to obtain the topology of the workspace. In this algorithm, the network starts to grow by taking into account new data points close to its border neurons by resorting to the so-called boundary data generation procedure. By considering singularity loci expression, the separated parts are detected and each part will pursue learning, adding units and connections, until a given performance criterion will be reached. Finally, after finding cavities, if any exists, the maximal circle for each part of the workspace is found. A graphical user interface (GUI) is developed providing the users with easy access to the important parameters in which the singularity-free workspace of three planar three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) parallel mechanisms are investigated in which two of them, namely, 3-RRR and 3-PRR parallel mechanisms, are among the most complicated parallel mechanisms due to their highly nonlinear and complicated singularity loci expressions. Results reveal the applicability and reliability of the proposed PGNGN-based approach for obtaining the singularity-free workspace of planar parallel mechanisms.
Numerical investigation of boundary layer suction on certain highly loaded aspirated compressor at low speeds
Authors: Chen Shaowen , Zhou Zhihua , Wang Songtao , Wang Zhongqi
Published: October 2016

Boundary layer suction is considered to be an available approach to restraining or even eliminating flow separation and to improve the aerodynamic performance of the compressor. In this paper, a highly loaded axial-flow aspirated compressor based on a low-reaction design concept is investigated in detail to find an appropriate flow control strategy for boundary layer suction to achieve significant performance benefit. The flow control strategy consists mainly of the arrangement of suction hole and the aspirated flow rate. The geometrical models including aspiration cannulas, stator cavity and aspiration channel are novelly applied in this research to approach a real engineering application. Complete compressor maps are predicted by a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation. The distribution of the typical aerodynamic parameters and the partial flow structures are analysed at design and off-design conditions. Three-dimensional separation near the stall point is effectively suppressed by the aspiration on both hub and shroud, and better performance is achieved by a reasonable increase of aspirated flow rate; a peak efficiency of 0.91 and a total pressure ratio of 1.055 are attained at a total aspirated flow rate of 0.024 kg/s per passage. However, sudden turning of compressor maps at low inlet flow rate occurs without the aspiration on shroud, and a noticeable deterioration in performance occurs with the decreasing of the inlet flow rate. The main reason of performance deterioration is that the flow control efficiency of aspiration is not enough for effectively suppressing three-dimensional separation near the casing corner. The difference in the aspirated flow source is owed to the distinct flow feature at various locations caused by the aspiration efficiency of suction holes. A partial auto-readjustment feature of the suction flow rate with increasing flow separation has been found. The boundary layer suction with an appropriate flow control strategy is necessary for a higher efficiency, highly loaded aspiration compressor.
Effects of volute’s asymmetry on the performance of a turbocharger centrifugal compressor
Authors: Zheng Xinqian , Lin Yun , Sun Zhenzhong
Published: October 2016

The effects of the volute’s asymmetry on the performance of a turbocharger centrifugal compressor were studied using steady simulations and theoretical analysis. According to the steady simulation results, it is found that the volute’s asymmetry has significant influence on the performance of the centrifugal compressor. The variation of the stage efficiency due to volute’s asymmetry is up to 4%. Meanwhile, the volute’s asymmetry restricts the compressor stable flow range by imposing a distorted outlet pressure condition and forcing some certain impeller passages to suffer from a worse flow than the others. These certain passages are likely to stall first and trigger the surge, as the stage flow rate further decreases. In other words, the local stall triggers the surge. The relevant flow mechanisms were given to explain the effects based on the three-dimensional flow field, and a new model was developed to demonstrate how the local stall induced by the volute’s asymmetry triggers the system instability.
Finite-time attitude tracking control of air bearing table for spacecraft rendezvous and docking
Authors: Huang Cheng , Wang Yan , Chen Xing-lin
Published: October 2016

This paper studies the problem of attitude tracking control for spacecraft rendezvous and docking based on a physical ground simulation system. Two finite-time controllers based on quaternion are proposed by using a novel fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface associated with the adaptive control, the novel fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface not only contains the advantages of the fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface, but also can eliminate unwinding caused by the quaternion. The first controller, which is continuous and chattering-free, can compensate unknown constant external disturbances, while the second controller can both compensate parametric uncertainties and varying external disturbances with unknown bounds without chattering. Lyapunov theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the two controllers can make the closed-loop system errors converge to zero in finite time and guarantee the finite-time stability of the system.
The effect of ankle posture on the load pathway through the hindfoot
Authors: Smolen Chris , Quenneville Cheryl E
Published: October 2016

The foot–ankle complex is frequently injured in a wide array of debilitating events such as car crashes. Numerical models and experimental tests have been used to assess injury risk, but most do not account for the variations in ankle posture that frequently occur during these events. In this study, the positions of the bones of the foot–ankle complex (particularly, the hindfoot) were quantified over a range of postures. Computed tomography scans were taken of a male cadaveric leg under axial loading with the ankle in five postures in which fractures are commonly reported. The difference in the location of the talus and calcaneus between the neutral and each repositioned posture was quantified, and substantial rotations and displacements were observed for all postures tested (talus: 3°–21.5°, 1.5–10.5 mm; calcaneus: 10°–20°, 1.5–24.5 mm). Strains were also recorded at six locations on bones of the ankle during testing and were found to be highest in the calcaneus during inversion-external rotation and highest in the talus during eversion-external rotation. Postural changes likely affect the load pathway of the foot–ankle complex, potentially altering the stress and strain fields from that of the neutral case and changing the location of fracture. This highlights the need for injury-predicting studies examining the effect of these positional changes and to develop revised injury criteria accounting for the most vulnerable conditions.
Short-run impact of electricity storage on CO2 emissions in power systems with high penetrations of wind power: A case-study of Ireland
Authors: McKenna Eoghan , Barton John , Thomson Murray
Published: October 2016

This article studies the impact on CO2 emissions of electrical storage systems in power systems with high penetrations of wind generation. Using the Irish All-Island power system as a case-study, data on the observed dispatch of each large generator for the years 2008 to 2012 was used to estimate a marginal emissions factor of 0.547 kgCO2/kWh. Selected storage operation scenarios were used to estimate storage emissions factors – the carbon emissions impact associated with each unit of storage energy used. The results show that carbon emissions increase in the short-run for all storage technologies when consistently operated in ‘peak shaving and trough filling’ modes, and indicate that this should also be true for the GB and US power systems. Carbon emissions increase when storage is operated in ‘wind balancing’ mode, but reduce when storage is operated to reduce wind power curtailment, as in this case wind power operates on the margin. For power systems where wind is curtailed to maintain system stability, the results show that energy storage technologies that provide synthetic inertia achieve considerably greater carbon reductions. The results highlight a tension for policy makers and investors in storage, as scenarios based on the operation of storage for economic gains increase emissions, while those that decrease emissions are unlikely to be economically favourable. While some scenarios indicate storage increases emissions in the short-run, these should be considered alongside long-run assessments, which indicate that energy storage is essential to the secure operation of a fossil fuel-free grid.
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection related with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) exacerbation and antinuclear antibody positivity
Authors: Zea-Vera A F , Parra B
Published: October 2016

A 30-year-old Colombian woman with past history of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) presented to the emergency room with two days of global headache, arthralgia, myalgia, and low level fever and generalized erythematous rash. Platelets dropped to 9 × 109/L (fourth day of symptoms) without hemorrhagic manifestations but recovered to 30 × 109/L in 24 hours (fifth day). Dengue virus infection, as well as other viral infections, was ruled out. Zika virus (ZIKV) was evaluated in serum and urine samples by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (genomic regions within E protein and NS2b protein). Urine sample was positive and serum sample negative for ZIKV, confirming a recent ZIKV infection with urinary tract virus excretion at 7th day after disease onset. To our knowledge this is the first description of a case of severe immune thrombocytopenia exacerbation and antinuclear antibody positivity induced by ZIKV infection.
Ethical competence: An integrative review
Authors: Lechasseur Kathleen , Caux Chantal , Dollé Stéphanie , Legault Alain
Published: October 2016

Background:

Ethics, being a fundamental component of nursing practice, must be integrated in the nursing education curriculum. Even though different bodies are promoting ethics and nursing researchers have already carried out work as regards this concept, it still remains difficult to clearly identify the components of this competence.

Objective:

This integrative review intends to clarify this point in addition to better defining ethical competence in the context of nursing practice.

Method:

An integrative review was carried out, for the 2009–2014 period, in the CINAHL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases and in the journal Nursing Ethics. The keywords nursing ethics or ethical competence were used in order to make sure to widely encompass the concept of “ethical competence” in the case of a university curriculum in nursing. In the end, 89 articles were selected.

Ethical consideration:

We have respected the ethical requirements required regarding the sources and authorship. There is no conflict of interest in this literature review.

Results:

Ethical sensitivity, Ethical knowledge, Ethical reflection, Ethical decision-making, Ethical action, and Ethical behavior are the most frequently used terms with regard to ethical competence in nursing. They were then defined so as to better ascertain the possible components of ethical competence in nursing.

Conclusion:

Even though ethical competence represents a sine qua non competence in nursing practice, no consensus can be found in literature with respect to its definition. The identification of its components and their relationships resulting from this integrative review adds to the clarification of its definition. It paves the way for other studies that will contribute to a better understanding of its development, especially among nursing students and practicing nurses, as well as the factors that may exert an influence. More adapted education strategies can thus be put forward to support its development.
England’s proxy warriors? Women, war and sport
Authors: Bowes Ali , Bairner Alan
Published: October 2016

It has been claimed that the one place Englishness exists is on the sports field, and usually it is men’s sport that appears central to creating a sense of English national identity. However, in light of England’s sporting success across multiple women’s sports (namely cricket, netball, association football and rugby union), there warrants a need to begin to question the place of these female athletes in discussions of the nation. Drawing on extensive interview data with women who have represented England at sport, this paper seeks to ‘give a voice’ to these women whose experiences have often been ignored by both the popular press and academics alike. This research discusses the way in which English women represent their nation, both on the field of play and more broadly, and sheds light on the complexity of the intersections of gender and national identity. Attention is also paid to the role of women as warriors in the conventional sense. It is argued that, through playing international, representative sport, the women actively embody the nation, with national identity often overriding gendered identity in these instances. In this sense, they become proxy warriors for the nation.
The conundrum of hanging points in correctional facilities
Authors: Pridmore Saxby , Pridmore William
Published: October 2016

Objective:

We aimed to explore aspects of the removal of hanging points from correctional facilities.

Conclusion:

An argument can be made that individuals have a right to die/suicide. The United Nations holds that except for freedom of movement, prisoners have the same rights as non-prisoners. The rights of the individual and the duty of many custodial institutions are in conflict. This introduces a conundrum; when all hanging points are removed from correctional facilities, prisoners without mental disorder, but with a sustained wish to die, will not be able to achieve that end, while non-prisoners will be well able to do so.
Meat Your Enemy
Authors: Whelan Glen , Gond Jean-Pascal
Published: October 2016

Radical change can be conceived in terms of the reconceiving of ontological distinctions, such as those separating humans from animals. In building on insights from French pragmatism, we suggest that, while no doubt very difficult, radical change can potentially be achieved by creating “alignment” between multiple “economies of worth” or “common worlds” (e.g., the market world of money, the industrial world of efficiency). Using recent campaigns by animal rights organizations as our case, we show how the design of “tests” (e.g., tests of profitability, tests of efficiency) can help align multiple common worlds in support for radical change. Our analysis contributes to the broader management and organization studies literatures by conceiving radical change in terms of changing ontological categorizations (e.g., human/animals vs. sentient/ non-sentient), and by proposing that radical social change agents can be helpfully conceived as opportunistically using events to cumulatively justify the change they desire overtime.
Are the Central East European Countries Pollution Havens?
Authors: Martínez-Zarzoso Inmaculada , Vidovic Martina , Voicu Anca M.
Published: October 2016

The aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between environmental stringency and intra–European Union (EU) trade flows. Two main hypotheses are tested. First, we test whether the stringency of a country's environmental regulations may result in pollution havens. Second, we test whether the results differ by industry and by the EU membership tenure (EU-15 vs. the newly added Central East European Countries). An augmented gravity model is estimated using panel data for 21 countries during the period from 1999 to 2013 for the full sample and also separately for the Central East European Countries and the EU-15 members. Our results show weak support for the pollution haven hypothesis for some dirty industries, mainly for net exports from western EU countries to the rest. Instead, support for the “Porter hypothesis” is found for trade in clean goods.
Mycophenolic Acid-Induced Developmental Defects in Zebrafish Embryos
Authors: Jiang Ling-Ling , Liu Mei-Hui , Li Jian-Ying , He Zhi-Heng , Li Huan , Shen Ning , Wei Ping , He Ming-Fang
Published: October 2016

With the increasing use of mycophenolic acid (MPA) in solid organ transplantation, some clinical studies indicate that it is also a human teratogen. However, it is unknown by which mechanism MPA acts as a teratogen. Mycophenolic acid was a selective blocker of de novo purine synthesis, and its immunosuppressive effect is mediated by the inhibition of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, which could be a target for MPA-induced toxicity as well. The aim of our study was to examine the direct influence of MPA exposure on zebrafish ( Danio rerio) embryos. Morphological defects including tail curvature and severe pericardial edema in zebrafish embryos caused by MPA (3.7-11.1 µmol/L) were found in a dose-dependent manner. The teratogenic index (25% lethal concentration value (LC25)/no observed adverse effect level ratio) was 16, which indicated MPA as a teratogen. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the expression level of impdh1b and impdh2 was significantly reduced by MPA treatment at 8 µmol/L (equals to LC25 level). All the toxic effects could be partially reversed by the addition of 33.3 µmol/L guanosine. Our results indicated that MPA impairs the development of zebrafish embryos via inhibition of impdh activity, which subsequently caused a guanosine nucleotide depletion in vivo.
Single and mixed feline lungworm infections: clinical, radiographic and therapeutic features of 26 cases (2013–2015)
Authors: Crisi Paolo E , Aste Giovanni , Traversa Donato , Di Cesare Angela , Febo Elettra , Vignoli Massimo , Santori Domenico , Luciani Alessia , Boari Andrea
Published: October 2016

Objectives

The aim of this study was to retrospectively describe clinical, radiographic and therapeutic features of feline lungworm infection.

Methods

Medical records of cats with lungworm diagnosis, thoracic radiography and without concurrent diseases between 2013 and 2015 were reviewed. Collection of data included physical examination, haematology, serum biochemistry, therapy with a variety of anthelmintics and outcomes.

Results

Thirty-seven records were recovered and 26 were included in the study. Single infections by Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (n = 15), Troglostrongylus brevior (n = 3) and Capillaria aerophila (n = 1) and coinfections by T brevior/ A abstrusus (n = 6) and T brevior/ C aerophila (n = 1) were diagnosed. The most common respiratory signs were coughing (n = 12), increased vesicular sounds (n = 10), dyspnoea (n = 9), such as laboured breathing, orthopnoea or open-mouth breathing, and tachypnoea (n = 6). Two cats were subclinically infected. The most common laboratory abnormality was anaemia (n = 7). Radiographic patterns recorded were interstitial (n = 24), bronchial (n = 21), alveolar (n = 10) and vascular (n = 2). Twenty-five cats had a complete recovery within 2–6 weeks of therapy. One kitten died 7 days after the diagnosis.

Conclusions and relevance

Lungworms should always be included in the differential diagnosis in cats living in endemic areas and presenting with respiratory signs and radiographic abnormalities. A copromicroscopic examination should be considered as the first diagnostic step for all cats at risk of lungworm infections. In most cases, timely therapy with a variety of anthelmintics guarantees recovery.
Placement of subcutaneous ureteral bypasses without fluoroscopic guidance in cats with ureteral obstruction: 19 cases (2014–2016)
Authors: Livet Véronique , Pillard Paul , Goy-Thollot Isabelle , Maleca David , Cabon Quentin , Remy Denise , Fau Didier , Viguier Éric , Pouzot Céline , Carozzo Claude , Cachon Thibaut
Published: October 2016

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to describe the perioperative and postoperative complications as well as short-term and long-term outcomes in cats with ureteral obstructions treated by placement of a subcutaneous ureteral bypass (SUB) device without imaging control. The second objective of this study was to compare cats treated by SUB device with cats treated by traditional surgical intervention.

Methods

Data were obtained retrospectively from the medical records (2014–2016) of cats that underwent SUB placement (SUB cats) and cats that underwent traditional ureteral surgery (C cats).

Results

Nineteen SUB devices were placed without fluoroscopic, radiographic or ultrasonographic guidance in 13 cats. Fifteen traditional interventions (ureterotomy and neoureterocystostomy) were performed in 11 cats. Successful placement of the SUB device was achieved in all cats with only one major intraoperative complication (kinking of the kidney catheter) and one minor intraoperative complication (misplacement of the kidney catheter). Eleven SUB cats recovered from the surgical procedure; two SUB cats and three C cats died during the anaesthesia recovery period. Postoperative SUB complications included anaemia (n = 2), urinary tract infection (UTI) (n = 4), non-infectious cystitis (n = 5) and SUB device obstruction (n = 1). Postoperative traditional surgery complications included anaemia (n = 7), UTIs (n = 6), non-infectious cystitis (n = 1), re-obstruction (n = 4) and ureteral stricture (n = 1). Median postoperative duration of hospitalisation (3 days) was significantly shorter for SUB cats than for C cats ( P = 0.013). Ten SUB cats (76.9%) and four C cats (40%) were still alive at a median follow-up of 225 days and 260 days, respectively. Owners were completely (90%) or mostly (10%) satisfied with the SUB device placement.

Conclusions and relevance

SUB device placement appears to be an effective and safe option for treating ureteral obstruction in cats, and this study has shown that fluoroscopic guidance is not essential in all cases.
Cross-national investigation of shopping satisfaction antecedents
Authors: Albayrak Tahir , Çömen Nesli
Published: October 2016

This study investigates the effects of shopping attributes on shopping satisfaction by considering asymmetric relationships between these constructs. In addition, the study examines how the effects of various attributes differ according to nationality by using data collected from German, Dutch and British tourists in the historic town of Side. First, factor analysis results reflected ‘tangibles’, ‘staff’ and ‘products’ as the underlying shopping attributes. Next, an asymmetric impact performance analysis was used to categorize shopping attributes according to both their performances and their asymmetric effects on shopping satisfaction. Analyses of the results revealed that attributes’ categorization varied according to country of residence. While the products attribute was identified as an excitement factor with high performance for German tourists, it was a basic factor with high performance for the British tourists. These findings confirmed the asymmetric effects of the attributes on satisfaction. The study concluded with theoretical and managerial implications of the findings and future research recommendations.
Type D personality and periodontal disease in university students: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Mizutani Shinsuke , Ekuni Daisuke , Yamane-Takeuchi Mayu , Azuma Tetsuji , Taniguchi-Tabata Ayano , Tomofuji Takaaki , Iwasaki Yoshiaki , Morita Manabu
Published: October 2016

The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to investigate whether Type D personality was related to periodontal disease in Japanese university students. Among students ( n = 600) who were interested in receiving oral health examinations, logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of developing periodontal disease during a 3-year period was associated with body mass index ⩾ 25 (odds ratio: 2.543; 95% confidence interval: 1.297–4.989; p = 0.007) and Type D personality (odds ratio: 1.473; 95% confidence interval: 1.027–2.111; p = 0.035). In this short-term prospective cohort study, a significant association between periodontal disease and Type D personality was observed in Japanese university students.
The medicalization and demedicalization of kink: Shifting contexts of sexual politics
Authors: Lin Kai
Published: October 2016

BDSM (also known as kink) has been stigmatized through medicalization since the late 19th century. However, the recent publication of the DSM-5 has significantly changed the definition of Paraphilia, which used to be the catch-all diagnostic category for atypical sexual behaviors. In this study, I examined multiple sources of qualitative data to tap into the ever-changing social contexts and power dynamics of the medicalization and demedicalization of kink. The analyses of this study reveal how both activist strategies as well as approaches to social control evolve in the context of increasing reflexivity cultivated amidst sexual politics of the past few decades.