bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation (iTRAQ) Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Identifies Potential Therapeutic Targets of Berberine for Experimental Colitis
Authors: Li Yanhong , Bian Zhaoxiang
Published: November 2023

Background and Aims

Berberine has been proved to have beneficial effects against ulcerative colitis (UC) with unknown targets. The changes of protein profile in pathogenesis‐targeted colon have been proposed as an ideal material to uncover the therapeutic targets of drug for UC.

Methods

The colons were collected from water control mice, three cycles of DSS‐induced colitis mice, and berberine‐treated colitis mice. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)‐based quantification proteomics was conducted to investigate the colon proteins whose abundance were changed.

Results

A total of 167 proteins that exhibited changes in abundance between berberine‐treated and DSS‐treated control mice were identified, including mast cell protease 2 (Mcpt2), eosinophil cationic protein 1 (Ear1), calcium‐activated chloride channel regulator 1 (Clca1), apolipoprotein A‐I (Apoa1), 60S ribosomal protein L19 (Rpl19) and 60S ribosomal protein L18 (Rpl18). Importantly, the observed changes in the abundance of these six proteins in the two groups of animals were supported in another quantitative evaluation of the individual colon using a multiple reaction monitor (MRM) assay.

Conclusions

Thus, the quantitative target analysis demonstrated Mcpt2, Ear1, Clca1, Apoa1, Rpl19 and Rpl18 are potential therapeutic target of berberine for UC.

Support or Funding Information

This work was supported by grant from the Municipal Science and Technology Program of Shenzhen (Basic Research Fund [2015]1342).
NMR Mapping of the Allosteric Network in the Oncogenic Protein Kinase A Chimera Dnajb1‐PRKACA
Authors: Karamafrooz Adak N , Li Geoffrey N , Simon Sanford M , Taylor Susan S , Veglia Gianluigi N
Published: November 2023

Protein Kinase A (PKA) is a well‐known member of the serine‐threonine protein kinase superfamily. PKA signaling is involved in the control of a wide variety of cellular processes from metabolism to ion channel activation, cell growth and differentiation, gene expression and apoptosis. Recent genomic studies have identified a chimeric fusion of the catalytic subunit of cAMP‐dependent Protein Kinase A (PKA) with the DNAJB1 chaperone on the N‐terminus (DNAJB1‐PRKACA) as a single driver for the progression of Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma (FL‐HCC). Previous X‐ray studies show a compact structure of the chimeric kinase, with the DNAJB1 moiety tucked onto the core of the enzyme. In contrast, our NMR studies show that the enzyme's core and the DNAJB1 appendix move independently and that these conformational dynamics affect the binding of the endogenous inhibitor peptide PKI. Additionally, the conformational dynamics of DNAJB1 also affect the allosteric cooperativity of the enzyme, which is a central property for substrate affinity and catalysis. These structural and dynamic dysfunctions may be correlated to the aberrant cellular function of this kinase and progression of FL‐HCC.

Support or Funding Information

NIH
Mechanical untying of the smallest knotted protein from different pulling axis using optical tweezers.
Authors: Rivera Maira , Bustamante Andrés , Hao Yuxin , Maillard Rodrigo A , Baez Mauricio
Published: November 2023

Knotted polypeptides constitute a group of proteins whose backbone chain entangles in the folded state. The folding mechanism of knotted protein is complex, involving multiple intermediate states. Therefore, it is difficult to determine experimentally the thermodynamic and kinetic barriers associated with threading the polypeptide chain. To address this problem, we used optical tweezers to study the folding mechanism of MJ0366, the smallest protein containing a shallow trefoil knot. Specifically, we mechanically manipulated the knotted protein from different pulling directions to either tighten the knot upon unfolding or to untie the protein from different points of its structure. When the knot was tightened in force‐ramp experiments, we observed single unfolding and refolding transitions characterized by unimodal force distributions, and an accompanying change in contour length (Lc = 24 ± 3 nm) consistent with the expected theoretical value. Moreover, in constant‐force experiments, we observed that the protein oscillates between two states, whose frequency of interconversion showed a linear dependence with force. These observations suggest a two‐state folding mechanism when the trefoil knot remains in the polypeptide chain. However, when the knot is untied by keeping the C‐termini free to thread, the protein unfolds in either one or two transitions and at forces higher than those observed when pulling from the N and C termini. Moreover, 50% of the unfolding transitions have a Lc shorter than the expected value, suggesting that the protein can be trapped in a misfolded state during its refolding process. When the knot is untied by keeping both N‐ and C‐termini free to thread, we observed a single unfolding force distribution with the expected Lc for this construct. However, the refolding process could not be characterized because it occurs at forces below the resolution limit (<1 pN). Our results suggest that when the knot remains in the unfolded state, the folding landscape have a smooth and funneled shape. However, when the knotted protein has to overcome the threading process this energy landscape becomes rough.

Support or Funding Information

Fondecyt 1151274, CONICYT fellowship No 21130254 and CONICYT fellowship No 21150966.
The Structure and Function of VE‐cadherin in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Wary Anita L , Sreedhar Siva
Published: November 2023

Endothelial cells, cells that line the blood vessels, are responsible for transporting the flow of blood to tissues for the purpose of oxygenating and supplying nutrients. These cells are connected, side‐to‐side, by adherens junctions (AJs). The proteins responsible for keeping AJs together are the adhesion molecules called VE‐cadherins. The York Community High School MSOE Center for BioMolecular Modeling SMART Team used 3‐D modeling and printing technology to examine structure‐function relationships of these proteins. Each VE‐cadherin is composed of five extracellular domains, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain. Each domain is made up of a seven stranded beta barrel fold. One such strand is called the A strand, and this strand, in the EC1 domain, allows for two VE‐cadherins from two adjacent endothelial cells to connect together. This formation of cell‐cell adhesion between the two VE‐cadherins is due to heterophilic interaction. Disruption of VE‐cadherin‐mediated cell‐cell adhesion results in increased permeability of the endothelial cells which can cause edema and hemorrhages. There are several factors that can disrupt this VE‐cadherin‐VE‐cadherin cell adhesion event, such as bacterial infection‐induced sepsis. In the presence of an optimal concentration of calcium and magnesium, however, VE‐cadherin molecules are able to promote a type of paracellular pathway that mediates the passage of hormones, oxygen, and nutrients. VE‐cadherin is an integral protein that functions as an adhesion zipper for endothelial cells; therefore, without these adhesion molecules, the endothelium will not be able to work as a selective barrier.

Support or Funding Information

Center for BioMolecular Modeling, Milwaukee School of Engineering
Insight into Parkinson's Disease from Yeasts: Evidence for sumoylation as a protective factor against alpha‐synuclein toxicity
Authors: Jones Paul , Thomas Rosemary , Ganev Yoan , Roman Alex , Marshall Morgan , Lipkin Galina , Ong Emily , DebBurman Shubhik
Published: November 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder linked to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. A key pathological marker of PD is the presence of Lewy bodies, which are mainly composed of misfolded alpha‐synuclein protein. Alpha‐synuclein is a highly post‐translationally modified protein. While the contributions of phosphorylation and nitration of alpha‐synuclein as aids to PD pathology is well studied, less is known about sumoylation, which is proposed to be neuroprotective based on limited studies. The majority of sumoylation takes place on the lysine‐96 and lysine‐102 sites of alpha‐synuclein and it increases the protein's solubility. The goal of this research was to better understand the role of sumoylation in regulating alpha‐synuclein toxicity, and we performed four studies towards it. First, we evaluated the effects of blocking sumoylation on alpha‐synuclein in budding and fission yeast models for PD and found that alpha‐synuclein becomes more aggregated and toxic and localized less at the plasma membrane. Second, we evaluated the effects altering sumoylation pathways by using yeast strains with reduced (ulp1ts) or excessive sumoylation (smt3ts), and found that alpha‐synuclein aggregates more with reduced sumoylation, but becomes less toxic with increased sumoylation. Third, we asked how altering phosphorylation of alpha‐synuclein would alter sumoylation's protective role and found that blocking phosphorylation reduced alpha‐synuclein toxicity. Finally, we evaluated whether blocking sumoylation on familial PD mutant versions of alpha‐synuclein would exacerbate its toxicity; preliminary studies suggest that exacerbation for some, but not all mutants. In the future, we will conduct further studies to understand how sumoylation affects other variants and modifications of alpha‐synuclein.

Support or Funding Information

Neuroscience Program and Biology Department, Lake Forest College, Lake Forest, IL 60045
Perioperative anemia and its implications
Authors: Catarci Marco , Borghi Felice , Ficari Ferdinando , Scatizzi Marco
Published: November 2023

Preoperative anemia is very common and is related to adverse clinical outcomes, including mortality. The immediate and most widely used treatment for postoperative anemia is blood transfusion. However, also blood transfusion carries some risks. Patient blood management (PBM) is defined as the timely application of evidence-based medical and surgical concepts designed to maintain a patient’s hemoglobin concentration, optimize hemostasis, and minimize blood loss in an effort to improve the outcome. The aim of this narrative review is to describe in detail what is PBM and how it should be part of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols.
Bdellovibrio’sPrey-Independent Growth is Fuelled by Amino Acids as a Carbon Source
Authors: Herencias C , Rivero-Buceta MV , Salgado S , Baquero F , del Campo R , Nogales J , Prieto MA
Published: November 2023

Identifying the nutritional requirements and growth conditions of microorganisms is crucial for determining their applicability in industry and understanding their role in clinical ecology. Predatory bacteria such asBdellovibrio bacteriovorushave emerged as promising tools for combating infections by human bacterial pathogens due to their natural killing features.Bdellovibrio’slifecycle occurs inside prey cells, using the cytoplasm as a source of nutrients and energy. However, this lifecycle supposes a challenge when determining the specific uptake of metabolites from the prey to complete the growth inside cells, a process that has not been completely elucidated. Here, following a model-based approach we illuminate the ability ofBdellovibrio bacteriovorusto replicate DNA, increase biomass, and generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in an amino acid-based rich media in the absence of prey, keeping intact its predatory capacity. In this culture, we determined the main carbon sources used and their preference, being glutamate, serine, aspartate, isoleucine, and threonine. This study offers new insights into the role of predatory bacteria in natural environments and establishes the basis for developing newBdellovibrioapplications using appropriate metabolic and physiological methodologies.
Adaptive functions correlate with evoked neurotransmitter release in SYT1-associated neurodevelopmental disorder
Authors: Park Paul Y. , Bleakley Lauren E. , Saraya Nadia , Al-Jawahiri Reem , Eck Josefine , Aloi Marc A. , Melland Holly , Baker Kate , Gordon Sarah L.
Published: November 2023

Pathogenic missense variants in the essential synaptic vesicle protein synaptotagmin-1 (SYT1) cause a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterised by motor delay and intellectual disability, hyperkinetic movement disorder, episodic agitation, and visual impairments. SYT1 is the presynaptic calcium sensor that both triggers and drives synchronous neurotransmitter release. We have previously shown that pathogenic variants around the calcium-sensing region of the critical C2B domain decrease synaptic vesicle exocytosis in neurons. Here we show that recently identified variants within the facilitatory C2A domain of the protein (L159R, T196K, E209K, E219Q), as well as additional variants in the C2B domain (M303V, S309P, Y365C, G369D), share this underlying pathogenic mechanism, causing a graded and variant-dependent dominant-negative impairment in exocytosis. We establish that the extent of disruption to exocytosisin vitrocorrelates with neurodevelopmental impacts of this disorder. Specifically, the severity of motor and communication impairments exhibited by individuals harbouring these variants correlates with multiple measures of exocytic impairment. Together, this suggests that there is a genotype-function-phenotype relationship in SYT1-associated neurodevelopmental disorder, centring impaired evoked neurotransmitter release as a common pathogenic driver of this disorder. Moreover, this points toward a direct link between control of neurotransmitter release and development of adaptive functions, and provides a tractable target for therapeutic amelioration.
Cross-Comparison of Gut Metagenomic Profiling Strategies
Authors: Gulyás Gábor , Kakuk Balázs , Dörmő Ákos , Járay Tamás , Prazsák István , Csabai Zsolt , Henkrich Miksa Máté , Boldogkői Zsolt , Tombácz Dóra
Published: November 2023

A critical issue in microbiome research is the selection of reliable laboratory and bioinformatics pipelines. In the absence of generally accepted technical benchmarks and evaluation standards, comparing data generated by different studies becomes challenging. In this work, we carried out the most comprehensive study to date on this topic. We encompassed every stage of processing, from DNA extraction to computational assessment. We adopted four procedures for DNA purification, six for library construction, three for sequencing, and five for bioinformatics. Additionally, we used datasets published by others to corroborate our results. We introduced a software tool that distinctively delivers consistent results, irrespective of sample or dataset origins. This study underscores the importance of methodological optimization at the outset of research projects to ensure the reliability of results and their comparability with findings from other studies. Additionally, this study provides an optimized robust pipeline for gut microbiome analysis.
Tuning of granulopoietic signaling byde novodesigned agonists
Authors: Ullrich Timo , Pollmann Christoph , Ritter Malte , Haaf Jérémy , Aghaallaei Narges , Tesakov Ivan , El-Riz Maya , Maksymenko Kateryna , Hatskovska Valeriia , Kandabarau Sergey , Klimiankou Maksim , Lengerke Claudia , Welte Karl , Hernandez-Alvarez Birte , Müller Patrick , Lupas Andrei , Piehler Jacob , Skokowa Julia , ElGamacy Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Enhancing cytokine-based therapies by systematically tuning how an agonist associates its receptor is emerging as a powerful new concept in drug discovery. Here, we report the design and characterization of agonists that tune the granulocyte-colony stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR) activity, which is central for the proliferation and granulocytic differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Using design agonists, we study the impact of varying the receptor-binding affinity and dimerization geometry on receptor association, downstream signaling, and cellular response. Hence, we achieved agonists with altered signaling specificities that are hyper-thermostable, can outcompete the native ligand (G-CSF), and bias granulopoietic differentiation over triggering proliferation. Furthermore, the design agonists differentially modulate the kinetics and amplitudes of signal transduction pathways, and gene expression patterns. Unlike G-CSF, they achieve selective activation of gene sets with hematopoietic functions with minimal unwanted effects on immunomodulatory signaling. These findings demonstrate the potential of dissecting the complex G-CSFR signaling, and open up ways for new therapeutic applications for designed cytokines.

Graphical abstract
Mandatory annual report filings of private companies – why late or missing?
Authors: Laidroo Laivi , Küttim Merle , Rumma Kirsti , Siimann Paavo , Avarmaa Mari
Published: November 2023

Purpose

This study explores the causes of delayed mandatory annual report filings of private companies in Estonia.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use an online survey targeting companies that had submitted annual reports for 2017 late (late-filers) or failed to submit these by July 2020 (non-filers). The responses of 492 late-filers and 122 non-filers are analysed with exploratory factor analysis, Mann–Whitney U-Test and logistic regression.

Findings

Annual report filing decisions of both, late-filers and non-filers, are strongly driven by administrative costs attached to the preparation and submission of reports with non-filers perceiving these to be significantly greater. The relevance of other disclosure-related costs and benefits remains similar for both late-filers and non-filers. While proprietary and privacy concerns remain rather unimportant, benefits of timely disclosure, in the form of access to financing and possibilities to continue ordinary business activities, remain important disclosure timing drivers.

Practical implications

Policy interventions should focus on preventive measures that hinder companies' ordinary business activities in case of non-compliance to reporting deadlines. Monetary sanctions can be used to strengthen the desired behaviour alongside broader clarification of the purpose of mandatory reporting and available exemptions.

Originality/value

The authors propose an empirically testable comprehensive one-period model of disclosure timing decisions of private companies differentiating late-filers and non-filers. The authors address the limitations of previous studies through a survey that allows the authors to draw direct inferences about the trade-offs between different decision drivers and the motivations behind managers' disclosure timing decisions.
“This Is Not What I Signed up for”: Sociotechnical Imaginaries, Expectations, and Disillusionment in a Dutch Military Innovation Hub
Authors: van der Maarel Sofie , Verweij Désirée , Kramer Eric-Hans , Molendijk Tine
Published: November 2023

Many militaries envision a technologically advanced future with a strong innovative capability and therefore invest in so-called innovation hubs focused on experimenting with new modes of operation with drones and (semi-)autonomous vehicles. However, there appears to be a discrepancy between these military visions and soldiers’ lived experiences on the ground. This article presents an ethnographic study of one innovation hub: the Robots and Autonomous Systems unit of the Dutch Army. Examining this unit through an analytical framework of sociotechnical imaginaries and expectations, we first outline how “innovation” and “military” imaginaries are integrated so that technological innovation is presented as necessary, desirable, and inevitable for military futures. Second, we explore soldiers’ experiences of military innovation, identifying friction between the strategic and operational levels. At the strategic level, soldiers experience meaning and purpose in their work whereas, at the operational level, soldiers’ expectations, practices, and experiences do not align with the “innovative military future” imaginary, resulting in disillusionment. With this empirical study, we contribute to a better understanding of how large-scale visions of technological “progress” play out in military practice.
Development and validation of the Digital Health Acceptability Questionnaire
Authors: Haydon Helen M , Major Taylor , Kelly Jaimon T , Catapan Soraia de C , Caffery Liam J , Smith Anthony C , Gallegos-Rejas Victor , Thomas Emma E , Banbury Annie , Snoswell Centaine L
Published: November 2023

Summary:

Acceptability (of healthcare services) is an important construct that lacks a consistent definition within research. Addressing this issue, a systematic review led to the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. In this study, we describe the development (based on the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability) and validation of the Digital Health Acceptability Questionnaire. Nineteen items aligning with the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability were developed. Two versions of the questionnaire measuring telehealth acceptability by telephone ( N = 644) and videoconference appointment ( N = 425), were administered to a nationally representative survey of consumers in Australia. Two exploratory factor analyses (Oblimin rotation) were conducted for each scale (telephone/videoconference). Two-factor solutions (5 items each) were found for both (telephone/videoconference) acceptability questionnaires: (a) attitude toward the service as a means to address healthcare needs and affective attitude and (b) individual capacity and effort to use telehealth. Before rotation, Factor 1 of the telephone scale (α = 0.92) measured 56.18% of the variance and Factor 2 (α = 0.86) measured 14.17%. Factor 1 of the videoconference scale (α = 0.90) measured 56.68% of the variance and Factor 2 (α = 0.85) measured 10.63%. The full10-item acceptability questionnaire showed excellent internal consistency (telephone: α = 0.91 and videoconference: α = 0.92). The 2-dimensional Digital Health Acceptability Questionnaire is a brief survey based on research evidence and validated in a large Australian sample.
Comparison of two novel methods for counting wheat ears in the field with terrestrial LiDAR
Authors: Gu Yangyang , Ai Hongxu , Guo Tai , Liu Peng , Wang Yongqing , Zheng Hengbiao , Cheng Tao , Zhu Yan , Cao Weixing , Yao Xia
Published: November 2023

Background

The metrics for assessing the yield of crops in the field include the number of ears per unit area, the grain number per ear, and the thousand-grain weight. Typically, the ear number per unit area contributes the most to the yield. However, calculation of the ear number tends to rely on traditional manual counting, which is inefficient, labour intensive, inaccurate, and lacking in objectivity. In this study, two novel extraction algorithms for the estimation of the wheat ear number were developed based on the use of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) in conjunction with the density-based spatial clustering (DBSC) algorithm based on the normal and the voxel-based regional growth (VBRG) algorithm. The DBSC involves two steps: (1) segmentation of the point clouds using differences in the normal vectors and (2) clustering of the segmented point clouds using a density clustering algorithm to calculate the ear number. The VBRG involves three steps: (1) voxelization of the point clouds, (2) construction of the topological relationships between the voxels as a connected region using the k-dimensional tree, and (3) detection of the wheat ears in the connected areas using a regional growth algorithm.

Results

The results demonstrated that DBSC and VBRG were promising in estimating the number of ears for different cultivars, planting densities, N fertilization rates, and growth stages of wheat (RMSE = 76 ~ 114 ears/m2, rRMSE = 18.62 ~ 27.96%, r = 0.76 ~ 0.84). Comparing the performance of the two algorithms, the overall accuracy of the DBSC (RMSE = 76 ears/m2, rRMSE = 18.62%, r = 0.84) was better than that of the VBRG (RMSE = 114 ears/m2, rRMSE = 27.96%, r = 0.76). It was found that with the DBSC, the calculation in points as units permitted more detailed information to be retained, and this method was more suitable for estimation of the wheat ear number in the field.

Conclusions

The algorithms adopted in this study provide new approaches for non-destructive measurement and efficient acquisition of the ear number in the assessment of the wheat yield phenotype.
Effect of preoperative PI-RADS assessment on pathological outcomes in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy
Authors: Peng Qianyu , Xu Lili , Zhang Gumuyang , Zhang Daming , Zhang Jiahui , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Bai Xin , Chen Li , Jin Zhengyu , Sun Hao
Published: November 2023

Objective

To assess the effect of preoperative MRI with standardized Prostate Imaging–Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) assessment on pathological outcomes in prostate cancer (PCa) patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP).

Patients and methods

This retrospective cohort study included patients who had undergone prostate MRI and subsequent RP for PCa between January 2017 and December 2022. The patients were divided into the PI-RADS group and the non-PI-RADS group according to evaluation scheme of presurgery MRI. The preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes were retrieved and analyzed. The pathological outcomes included pathological T stage (pT2 vs. pT3–4) and positive surgical margins (PSMs). Patients were further stratified according to statistically significant preoperative variables to assess the difference in pathological outcomes. A propensity score matching based on the above preoperative characteristics was additionally performed.

Results

A total of 380 patients were included in this study, with 201 patients in the PI-RADS group and 179 in the non-PI-RADS group. The two groups had similar preoperative characteristics, except for clinical T stage (cT). As for pathological outcomes, the PI-RADS group showed a significantly lower percentage of pT3–4 (21.4% vs. 48.0%, p < 0.001), a lower percentage of PSMs (31.3% vs. 40.9%, p = 0.055), and a higher concordance between the cT and pT (79.1% vs. 64.8%, p = 0.003). The PI-RADS group also showed a lower proportion of pT3–4 (p < 0.001) in the cT1–2 subgroup and the cohort after propensity score matching. The PSM rate of cT3 patients was reduced by 39.2% in the PI-RADS group but without statistical significance (p = 0.089).

Conclusions

Preoperative MRI with standardized PI-RADS assessment could benefit the decision-making of patients by reducing the rate of pathologically confirmed non-organ-confined PCa after RP and slightly reducing the PSM rate compared with non-PI-RADS assessment.
Legal Research Method: Theoretical and Implementative Review
Authors: Hamzani Achmad Irwan , Widyastuti Tiyas Vika , Khasanah Nur , Rusli Mohd Hazmi Mohd
Published: November 2023

Legal research has methods like research in general. The process of legal research is adjusted to the legal events that occur. Legal research can be seen from various aspects. The purpose of writing this article is to describe the types, approaches, research data, data collection techniques, and data analysis methods in legal research. This research uses a conceptual approach which is still within the scope of the normative approach because it only examines the opinions that develop in the research method. The results of this study indicate that the type of legal research is divided into field research using primary data and library research using secondary data. Approaches in legal research are divided into normative, empirical, and philosophical approaches. Data in legal research is grouped into primary data which is obtained directly, and secondary data which is referred to as legal material. Data collection techniques depend on the type of research and data; Primary data was collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, participation, and experimentation. Secondary data was obtained through offline and online searches. Methods of data analysis can be done qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative data analysis used content analysis, narrative analysis, discourse analysis, and interactive analysis methods. Quantitative data analysis using descriptive analysis method and inferential analysis method.
PEMENUHAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK-ANAK PMI DI MALAYSIA OLEH PUSAT PENDIDIKAN WARGA NEGERA INDONESIA
Authors: Udhwalalita Avilla Adwidya , Hakim M. Fathoni
Published: November 2023

Keikutsertaan komunitas atau institusi masyarakat dalam pengentasan masalah sosial merupakan fenomena yang telah umum terjadi, terlebih saat kasus yang tengah diperhatikan sejalan dengan nilai-nilai yang diperjuangkan oleh komunitas terkait. Salah satunya seperti yang dilakukan oleh Pusat Pendidikan Warga Negara Indonesia (PPWNI) dalam pengentasan kasus lemahnya pemenuhan hak pendidikan bagi anak Pekerja Migran Indonesia, terutama bagi para Pekerja Migran ilegal. Berangkat dari keadaan tersebut, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk secara deskriptif membahas mengenai peran PPWNI dalam mewujudkan hak pendidikan anak pekerja migran ilegal asal Indonesia di Klang, Malaysia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Kajian ini menggunakan konsep EFA (Education for All) dan menggambarkan PPWNI sebagai institusi penyedia pendidikan alternatif yang berperan penting dalam permasalahan ini yang dapat dilihat dari langkah yang dilakukan PPWNI dalam mewujudkan hak pendidikan anak Indonesia di Klang. Mulai dari pendaftaran yang mudah hingga biaya sekolah yang terjangkau, sesuai dengan indikator kinerja pemenuhan hak pendidikan anak.
Effects of Forces and Material Types on Fatigue Analysis of Beams
Authors: EVRAN Savaş
Published: November 2023

This numerical and statistical study deals with the evaluate the effects of forces and material types on safety factor and equivalent alternating stress of beams made of metal materials. Numerical calculations were performed by using ANSYS Workbench software. Design of analyzes based on different control factors was determined utilizing Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design consisting of two control factors consisting of three levels. The first and second control factors were chosen as applied force and material type, respectively. In the finite element modeling, beams with clamped-free boundary conditions were considered. Determination of optimal levels of all variable control factors was found using signal-to-noise ratio analysis. The contribution rate and significance level of all control factors on the safety factor and equivalent alternating stress were calculated utilizing analysis of variance. According to the results calculated from this study, the optimum results for safety factor and equivalent alternating stress of beams were obtained by using the first levels of all control factors. While the increase in the applied force values causes a decrease in the safety factor, it leads to an increase in the equivalent alternating stress.
Recombinant Adeno-Associated Viral Vector Transduction of Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: BATİR Muhammet Burak
Published: November 2023

Abstract: At the core of gene therapy lies the use of viral vectors, engineered viruses serving as delivery vehicles to transport restorative genes into target cells. Therefore, the effect of 7 different rAAV serotypes and their different quantites was analysis here on human prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU-145, which are hard to be transfected. PC-3 and DU-145 cell lines were infected with different multiplicity of infection (MOI) ratios of 7 rAAV serotypes, AAV 2/1, 2/2, 2/3, 2/5, 2/6, and 2/9, which were expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene driven by the CMV promoter. The transduction efficiency was analyzed by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. In addition, the cell viability of the infected cells was measured by Muse Cell Analyzer at the MOI of 10.000. rAAV 2/2 and rAAV 2/6 have the most significant ability to transduce PC-3 cells. Although rAAV 2/2 and rAAV 2/6 were also the most transducing serotypes in the DU-145 cell line, the transduction rates did not exceed 20% in this cell line. On the other hand, after viral infection, no difference in cell viability was observed in PC-3 cells compared to the mock group, while a significant decrease in viability was observed in DU-145 cells. This study determined the transduction efficiency of 7 different rAAV serotypes on human cancer cell lines. While rAAV 2/2 and rAAV 2/6 serotypes achieved more than 60% transduction efficiency in PC-3 cells, the transduction efficiency could not exceed 20% in DU-145 cells. Overall, this study demonstrated that rAAV 2/2 and rAAV 2/6 could mediate the expression of a transgene with a high transduction efficiency.
Dirigismo y autoconstrucción
Authors: Longoni Lucas Emilio , Gregoric Alejandro , Labra Claudio Sebastián , Carranza Martin
Published: November 2023

Con la finalización de la segunda guerra mundial se propagó en Latinoamérica la lógica de la planificación territorial, estimulada desde Estados Unidos a través de centros y entidades hemisféricas que difundieron programas de asistencia técnica. A este fenómeno se sumó la crisis de los llamados “modelos nacionales”, acompañada por un vertiginoso crecimiento demográfico y el desarrollo de las conurbaciones producto de las migraciones campo-ciudad, que pusieron de relieve el creciente problema de la vivienda. El déficit habitacional desbordó las soluciones habitacionales del tipo “llave en mano”, característicos de los decenios precedentes, y en ese contexto, el modelo de autoconstrucción se propuso como solución alternativa.
En el marco de los debates continentales alrededor del problema de la vivienda masiva a fines de la década de 1950, el artículo brinda una aproximación a los programas sobre autoconstrucción y asistencia técnica introducidos en el recientemente creado Instituto de la Vivienda de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (IVBA), presidido por Hilario Zalba a partir de 1958. El flamante organismo se insertó en la discusión disciplinar contemporánea llevando adelante políticas que significarían un desplazamiento del rol “dirigista” del Estado argentino hacia los procesos participativos y “descentralizados”, el fomento de la iniciativa privada y la industrialización de la construcción.
Restoring Well Production by Replacing the Damaged Area with a Thermally Operated Bismuth Alloy: a Cure for Leakage
Authors: Al Marhoon Z. A. , Shearer D. , Alsharaawi A. O. , Swadi S.
Published: November 2023

Sustained casing pressure (SCP) is a common problem throughout the oil and gas industry. Many wells will suffer from the problem at some point during their lifetime(Rocha-Valadez et al., 2014). Currently, there are several methods available to remediate SCP. However, there are several factors that determine the remediation approach. These can include but are not limited to the source of the pressure, the location of the pressure i.e. which annulus or combination of annulus, the well construction design, the life cycle stage of the well, the barriers in place and the companies/regulatory policies etc. Whilst not all SCP issues are the result of leaks in casing, liners or the cement that had has been used to provide zonal isolation, this paper is primarily focused on these types of issues.

The primary objective of cementing is to provide zonal isolation, such that downhole fluids are prevented from flowing into the casing annuli and potentially to the surface. The exception being for the production flow path. Such isolation is part of well integrity (NORSOK, 2004). Any event/incident that damages the sealability of cement or causes downhole fluids to flow to the surface behind casing strings jeopardizes the integrity of the well. These events lead to SCP and may require a shut-in of the well if not cured. The objective of this paper is to discuss yard tests of Bismuth alloy as a treatment for SCP. The Bismuth alloy will be a gas tight sealant at the fluid leakage source location.
Effect of mechanical recycling on the structure and properties of plasticized poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)
Authors: Bernabé Ignacio , Amarilla Erika , Orden María Ulagares de la , Urreaga Joaquín Martínez , Beltrán Freddys R.
Published: November 2023

Bioplastics such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) emerge as an interesting alternative to conventional fossil-fuel based plastics and as part of the solution their associated environmental issues. Nevertheless, end-of-life scenarios are still a major concern, especially within a circular economy framework. When feasible, mechanical recycling appears as the best alternative, since it saves raw materials and energy. However, the viability of mechanical recycling can be compromised by the degradation of the plastic during its use and during the recycling process, and by the presence of certain additives. Consequently, the main objective of this work is to study the effect of accelerated ageing and mechanical recycling on the structure and properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) based formulations. The obtained results suggest that accelerated ageing and mechanical recycling led only to a slight degradation of the pure PHBV material, along with small variations in the thermal and mechanical properties. However, the plasticized PHBV formulations showed a more severe degradation, and increased thermal stability and stiffness, which could be result of the elimination of the plasticizer during the recycling. Overall, mechanical recycling seems to be an interesting valorisation strategy for PHBV wastes, although, especial attention should be paid to the additives present in the materials.
Primary breast carcinoma in ectopic breast tissue in the suprapubic region mimicking subcutaneous nodule: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Murguia Jose Luis Guzman , Nieto Diego Alberto Guajardo , Sandoval Diana Carolina Correa
Published: November 2023

Background
Ectopic breast tissue is a common congenital condition resulting from incomplete involution of the milk line. Primary carcinomas of ectopic breast tissue have been reported in a small number of cases, with the axilla being the most common site. However, it may be present anywhere along the breast line.
Case Presentation:
We present the case of a 69-year-old woman with an asymptomatic subcutaneous nodule at the end of a laparotomy scar in the suprapubic region. It is compatible with no special type (ductal) carcinoma of the breast line. She is currently stable and undergoing treatment with letrozole.
Conclusions
The importance of a timely diagnosis cannot be overstated. Knowledge of the rare presentations of this disease is crucial.
Narrow gap welding of 316L thick-section steel with cold metal transition pulsed arc swing
Authors: Meng Wei , Chen Kai , Pan Qinyue , Ye Kai , Liu Zhenhua , Ma Qunshuang , Hu Lei , Du Wenbo , Yin Xiaohui
Published: November 2023

Narrow gap welding of 316L stainless steel thick plate was carried out using the cold metal transition pulsed wire-arc swing method. The effects of heat input, arc swing and shielding mode on weld shaping and lack of fusion were investigated, and microstructure and tensile properties of welded joints were analyzed and characterized. The results indicate that arc swing amplitude was the primary factor influencing sidewall fusion. The tendency to develop undercutting and incomplete fusion at the weld toes increased with increasing wire feed rate. Narrow gap welds are prone to porosity with built-in shielding. Microstructure of welded joints was mostly represented by twin crystals in HAZ and columnar dendrites in the weld. Under high heat input, solidification sub-boundaries form between dendritic crystal clusters in the middle of weld, resulting in severe regional segregation and crystalline cracks that extend along sub-grain boundaries. The microhardness of weld and HAZ was greater than that of base material. The tensile strength of welded joints was comparable to that of base material. Defect-free tensile specimens fractured in the base material and welded joints with good mechanical properties were obtained.
Use of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) juice byproduct as an additive in fish diets: Response of growth performance, antioxidant status, and disease resistance juvenile black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) to different feeding strategies
Authors: Choi Jin , Oh Hwa Yong , Lee Tae Hoon , Lee Gyu Jin , Kim Hee Sung
Published: November 2023

Yacon juice byproduct (YJB) is regarded waste, but it contains bioactive compounds and can be used as an additive in fish feed. This study evaluated the effects of feeding strategy of YJB on the growth performance, digestive and antioxidant capacity, and disease resistance of rockfish. 480 juvenile rockfish (15.5 ± 0.01 g) were distributed into tanks. Four different YJB feeding strategies were evaluated in triplicate: feeding with the basal diet continuously (control, T0), feeding with YJB continuously (T1), feeding with YJB for 1 day and the basal diet for the next day (T2), and feeding with YJB for 1 day and the basal diet for the following 2 days (T3). At the end of 8 week feeding experiment, T1 and T2 groups exhibited enhancement in growth performance compared with T0 and T3 groups. Intestinal digestive enzyme activity was higher in T1 and T2 than in T0 and T3. Lysozyme and antioxidant capacity were higher all YJB feeding regimens than the control treatment. The survival rates in all YJB treatment groups after the challenge with Streptococcus iniae were enhanced. In conclusion, offering YJB at day-to-day intervals is recommended to improve growth performance, digestive and antioxidant status, and disease resistance.
Application and evaluation of artificial intelligence 3D preoperative planning software in developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Xie Hongbin , Yi Jiafeng , Huang Yijian Huang , Guo Renwen , Liu Yubo , Kong Xiangpeng , Chai Wei
Published: November 2023

Background: Accurate preoperative planning is crucial for successful total hip arthroplasty (THA) for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of an artificial intelligence-assisted three-dimensional (3D) planning system (AIHIP) with two-dimensional templates in predicting acetabular cup size in THA for DDH.
Method: This study retrospectively analyzed image data from 103 DDH patients who had THA between May 2019 and August 2023. AIHIP was used for 3D planning and two-dimensional (2D) templates were used by two experienced surgeons. Accuracy was assessed by comparing predicted and actual cup sizes, and potential factors affecting accuracy were analyzed, including gender, side, BMI, and dysplasia classification.
Results: AIHIP had higher accuracy in predicting the acetabular cup size compared to the 2D template. Within ±0 size, AIHIP's accuracy was 84.1%, while the 2D template's was 64.0% (P <0.05). Within ±1 size, AIHIP's accuracy was 95.1%, while the 2D template's was 81.1% (P <0.05). Accuracy was unaffected by gender, side, or BMI but was by DDH classification. In subgroup analysis, AIHIP's mean absolute error (0.21±0.54) was significantly lower than the 2D template's (0.62±0.95) for Crowe II and Crowe III (P <0.05).
Conclusion: AIHIP is superior to 2D templates in predicting the acetabular cup size accurately for THA in DDH patients. AIHIP may be especially beneficial for Crowe II and III DDH patients, as 2D templates may not accurately predict cup size in these cases.
DELIVERY OF TRAINING IN HIV/AIDS SERVICES AMONG COMMUNITY PHARMACISTS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA: AN INTERVENTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Oseni Yejide Olukemi ,   Pharmacists Council of Nigeria, South-West Zonal Office, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, Erhun Wilson Oyekigho ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Published: November 2023

A recent baseline study showed that community pharmacists’ involvement in HIV/AIDS services in Oyo State, Nigeria was low while respondents showed willingness to participate in training to improve services. This study assessed the training programme delivered to same respondents with the aim of improving HIV/AIDS services at the pharmacies. A one-day training was developed and delivered to 70 selected community pharmacists in Oyo State, Nigeria. Semi-structured questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale was administered to the respondents to assess their opinion on the training, evaluate the resource persons and perceive sufficiency of the training to provide services. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 21.0 with descriptive statistics while open-ended responses were thematically analysed. Response rate was 71.4%. The mean score of participants’ opinion on the training program based on 10 indicators identified was 45.98 ± 5.177 (range of 10–50; midpoint 30). Lowest (21.21 ± 3.168) and highest (23.46 ± 2.510) scores were obtained (range 5–25; midpoint 15) based on the lecture presentation using 5-item measures for the resource persons. All the respondents agreed that the training will be sufficient to carry out the HIV/ AIDS services in their premises. Community pharmacists were satisfied with the training delivered, the resource persons were competent to deliver the training and that the training will be sufficient to deliver HIV/AIDS services in their pharmacies. Further study will evaluate the effect of the training on the HIV/AIDS services delivered by community pharmacists using the same participants.
Strategi Pemasaran Bisnis Kuliner di Era New Normal
Authors: Atlantika I Gusti Ayu Sri , Supartini Ni Luh , Yani Ni Wayan Mega Sari Apri
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan internal dan eksternal pada The Old Champ Café di era new normal dan merumuskan strategi pemasaran alternatif yang perlu dilakukan The Old Champ Café dalam persaingannya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu wawancara, observasi, kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan empat kekuatan (harga, orang, proses dan penentuan posisi), ada enam kelemahan (produk, tempat, promosi, bukti fisik, segmentasi dan penargetan), ada dua peluang (demografis dan volume), dan yang terakhir ada dua ancaman0 (geografis dan psikografis). Strategi alternatif yang perlu dilakukan The Old Champ Café antara lai: Strategi SO, ST, WO dan WT.
 
This study aims to determine the internal and external environmental conditions at The Old Champ Café in the new normal era and formulate alternative marketing strategies that The Old Champ Café needs to do in its competition. The methods used are interviews, observation, questionnaires and documentation. The results showed four strengths (price, people, process and positioning), there were six weaknesses (product, place, promotion, physical evidence, segmentation and targeting), there were two opportunities (demographic and volume), and lastly there were two threats (geographic and psychographic). Alternative strategies that need to be carried out by The Old Champ Café include: Strategies SO (Strengh Opportunity), ST (Strengh Threat), WO (Weakness Opportunity) and WT (Weakness Threat).
On Conditions for Controllability and Local Regularity of A System of Differential Equations
Authors: Zuhri Ahmad Hadra , Soeharyadi Yudi , Widjaja Jalina
Published: November 2023

We consider a system of differential equations on a Banach space X given by: x'(t) = Ax(t) + u(t)f(t, x(t)), x(0) = x0, where A is an infinitesimal generator of a C0-semigroup, f : R0+ × X → X is a locally Lipschitz function, and u ∈ Lp([0, T], R) is a control defined on [0, T] with 1 < p ≤ ∞. Using the Compactness Principle and the generalization of Gronwalls Lemma, the system is shown to be controllable for a γ-bounded function f. Another result of this study is the local existence and the uniqueness of the solution of the system for locally bounded function f through weighted ω-norm.