bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BLUE ECONOMY AND ITS LONG TERM COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
Authors: Kim Marjerison Rob , Zhao Yuxi , Zhang Haoming
Published: June 2020

Purpose: This study seeks to determine whether China’s coastal tourism industry can remain competitive in the long run under the blue economy ideology. Specifically, the motivations and perceptions of various stakeholder groups are explored to empirically test the generalizability of consensus of the current literature for the case of China, which tends to find that when the ocean becomes over-commercialized by the tourism industry, it can potentially lose its pristine amenities, which tourists are attracted to in the first place. Methodology: Quantitative data was gathered through an online survey completed by both coastal tourists and residential stakeholders regarding their views, use and intended use of coastal resources, and tourism service characteristics. The data were analyzed using a series of statistical-based processes to determine the validity and significance of the findings. Findings: This study concludes that the threat of overdevelopment is not impeding progress and need not result in overdevelopment based economic decline because coastal tourists and residents not only have overlapping desires but also have interchangeable identities. Implications: By conducting tourism service quality management and by taking advantage of the blue economy transition, China’s coastal regions have the potential to satisfy both tourists and residents’ needs simultaneously. Originality: There is ample research in the areas of tourism-based economic development and coastal area development, but there is a gap in the recent literature on the specific topic of tourism-based economic development of coastal areas in China. This study seeks to begin the work of addressing that gap.
Experimental Determination of Dynamic Loading in a Drive Chain with Transverse Vibrations as a String with Fixed Ends
Authors: Palochkin S.V. , Rudovskiy P.N.
Published: June 2020

Chain transmissions are widely used in drives of hoisting-and-transport and ag-ricultural machines, as well as in a number of machine tools and technological equipment in various branches of industry. However, a significant disadvantage of these transmissions is the high vibration activity under high dynamic loading. In this regard, the study of dynamic loads that occur during chain vibrations and affect the operability of the machine drive is one of the essential tasks of its dynamics. The article presents experimental studies performed in order to determine the maximum dynamic loads in a chain transmission of a machine drive with transverse vibrations of the chain. The most common case of transverse vibrations of a chain loop is studied as a string with fixed ends. This type of vibration is typical of chain transmissions with large masses of sprockets and parts attached to them. The article presents a description of an original test bench with an automated system for collecting and processing experimental data and a test procedure. The obtained experimental data are presented in the form of tables and graphical dependences of the maximum dynamic loads on the tension force of the chain average per cycle of vibrations and the amplitude of its transverse vibrations in the center of the span, related to its length. As a result of approximation of the experimental data array, an empirical formula is proposed that can be used in dynamic calculations of the drive. It is established that the maximum dynamic load and its amplitude increases with the increase of the ratio of the amplitude of transverse vibrations of the chain in the middle of its span to its length and the initial tension force of the chain. The ratio of the dynamic load amplitude to the tension force of the chain decreases with the increase of the latter.
Assessing Barriers to Implement Birth Kangaroo Care in Kentucky Birthing Hospitals
Authors: Linares Ana Maria , Barbier Denise , Schoeffler Kristina M. , Collins Rebecca L.
Published: June 2020

Introduction

Kentucky continues to have one of the lowest state breastfeeding rates in the country. In 2014, the majority of the birthing hospitals in Kentucky implemented a practice change to the healthcare model known as Birth Kangaroo Care (BKC) as an effort to increase breastfeeding initiation. The goal of this study was to identify current practices and barriers to implementing BKC.

Methods

An evaluation/surveillance study that incorporated an Internet survey to collect information about the practices and policies of BKC in birthing hospitals in Kentucky was completed.

Findings

The response rate was 54% (n= 25). The birthing hospitals responders to the survey (84%) reported that a BKC policy was established after the educational intervention. Data identified two perceived barriers regarding uninterrupted BKC. One barrier was the interruption by family members to hold the newborn, and the second was a delay in BKC for medical evaluations of the baby by staff members.

Conclusion

Breastfeeding rates after implementation of the BKC policy in Kentucky birthing hospitals showed a statistically significant (p= .02) improvement of “ever breastfed” infants.
Exploring the Feasibility of Utilizing Undergraduate Lactation Education Courses as a Vehicle to Prepare the Future Healthcare Workforce to Educate and Support Breastfeeding Families in the Community
Authors: Efrat Merav , Boyns David , Rubino Louis
Published: June 2020

Background

Minimal lactation knowledge among healthcare professionals has been linked to low breastfeeding rates. To address this problem, one university integrated into its curriculum a lactation education course which aims to provide students from a variety of healthcare related bachelor programs, with the knowledge and skills needed to educate and support breastfeeding families in the community. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing undergraduate lactation education courses as a vehicle to better prepare the future healthcare work force to educate and support breastfeeding families in the community.

Methods

A 62-question survey was administered pre and post course completion to students enrolled in four sections of a lactation course over the 2018/2019 academic year (n = 96).

Results

Findings suggest that pre to post course completion students had significant increases in their: lactation knowledge, confidence delivering lactation education, confidence in working with clients in a professional setting and positive attitude towards breastfeeding.

Conclusions

Given the lack of knowledge among healthcare professionals is a significant barrier to optimal breastfeeding rates, this evaluation study provides evidence that integrating lactation education courses into university curriculum may be an effective strategy for improving breastfeeding rates.
Two Perspectives On Botsourcing And Employment
Authors: Vedder Richard G. , Guynes Carl S. , Parrish James
Published: June 2020

Botsourcing is the augmentation or replacement of human jobs by robots or other computing systems. Despite its growing popularity, much uncertainty and even fear exists about its use. This paper summarizes considerations expressed by both sides of this issue.
Kewenangan tembak di tempat oleh aparat kepolisian terhadap pelaku kejahatan
Authors: Wicaksana Arief Ryzki
Published: June 2020

Dasar hukum tindakan tembak di tempat terhadap pelaku kriminal adalah: Undang-undang Kepolisian Pasal 16 ayat 1 huruf i dan Pasal 16 ayat 2, Pasal 18 ayat 1. Dalam KUHAP diatur dalam Pasal 5 ayat 1 huruf a angka 4; Pasal 7 ayat 1 huruf j; serta dalam Perkap No. 1 Tahun 2009. Batasan tembak di tempat adalah dengan memperhatikan prinsip legalitas, nesesitas, proporsionalitas, kewajiban umum, preventif, masuk akal. Dalam menggunakan diskresinya anggota harus memiliki kemampuan melakukan intepretasi sebagai manifestasi keterampilan, pengamatan, serta pemahaman anggota Polri guna mengambil keputusan diskresi dengan tepat. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pada dasarnya pemberlakuan tembak ditempat terhadap tersangka merupakan langkah terakhir yang dilakukan oleh anggota Polri. Dari keseluruhan data penembakan pada pelaku kriminalitas di wilayah Polrestabes Surabaya diketahui bahwa penembakan dilakukan petugas sebagai pembelaan terpaksa karena adanya ancaman kehilangan nyawa.
Peranan satgas Dwelling Time Polres Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak terhadap penurunan angka Dwelling Time
Authors: Utomo Ardian Satrio
Published: June 2020

Kasus yang ditemukan di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak adalah akumulasi kontainer lebih dari 6-7 hari. Hal ini tentu sangat merugikan berbagai pihak. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mencari tahu dan menganalisa peranan kepolisian nasional terhadap penurunan tingkat waktu berdiam di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak. Semakin lama waktu tinggal, semakin tinggi biaya logistik barang. Dalam studi ini metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pengamatan, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi lamanya waktu tinggal hingga 6 sampai 7 hari di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak masih banyak yang tidak dilaporkan punahnya ilegal, kerjasama lintas sektoral di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak Surabaya dan gugus tugas waktu tinggal masih belum optimal dan kurang perilaku kesadaran terhadap Importir. Peran polisi dalam mengurangi waktu tinggal di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak seperti melaksanakan kegiatan tindakan di lapangan sebagai tindak lanjut pengawasan waktu tinggal untuk mencegah punahnya ilegal; melakukan pengamatan dan patroli ke tempat, objek di dalam terminal kontainer; melaksanakan pengamanan pada saat tinggal pos; melampirkan stiker peringatan ke kontainer yang telah ada selama lebih dari sepuluh hari; koordinasi dengan lembaga lintas sektoral, dan melakukan kegiatan informasi dan komunikasi melalui media.
Faktor penyebab perdagangan orang di wilayah hukum Polres Malang Kota
Authors: Plantika Yuliana
Published: June 2020

Perdagangan anak telah berkembang dalam bentuk jaringan kejahatan terorganisir dan tidak terorganisir, baik antar negara maupun domestik, sehingga menjadi ancaman bagi masyarakat. Perdagangan anak terjadi di berbagai daerah termasuk di Kota Malang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan memeriksa faktor-faktor korban perdagangan anak di wilayah hukum Kepolisian Kota Malang. Dalam penelitian ini pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konsep dan studi kasus. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mendasari terjadinya perdagangan anak adalah faktor ekonomi, faktor lingkungan, faktor pendidikan, faktor sosial budaya, tidak adanya kesetaraan gender dan faktor penegakan hukum.
Pemaknaan fashion: Studi gaya hidup pada komunitas Indonesia Sneakers Team Surabaya
Authors: Sahrub Satrio Manggala Putra
Published: June 2020

Fashion menjadi bagian yang tidak dapat dilepaskan dari penampilan dan gaya keseharian dan telah menjadi identitas sesorang. Identitas sosial seseorang terbentuk melalui proses sosial sehingga membedakannya dengan orang lain dilihat dari ciri-ciri sosial seperti kebiasaan berpakaian, kebiasaan mengisi waktu luang, kebiasaan berbelanja dan sebagainya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan makna mode sebagai bentuk identitas sosial dan gaya hidup di Tim Sepatu Surabaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di komunitas Tim Indonesia Sneakers Surabaya. Untuk menjawab masalah dalam penelitian ini digunakan teori Jean Baudrillard dan hyperreality dogma Leisure Class oleh Thorsten Veblen. Penelitian ini menggunakan model definisi sosial dengan teknik purposive untuk mendefinisikan informan. Informan dalam anggota komunitas penelitian adalah sepuluh sepatu tim Indonesia Surabaya. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara mendalam dan observasi di lapangan telah dianalisis dengan melalui proses pengumpulan data, kehilangan data, data presentasi, tipe data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil yang ditemukan antara lain: Tim Sepatu Indonesia Surabaya adalah sekelompok orang yang hobi mengumpulkan sepatu dari berbagai merek. Komunitas ini lahir melalui forum di satu media sosial. Seorang anggota komunitas yang telah berpartisipasi dalam penerimaan konsumen karena nilai baru yang terjadi di setiap komunitas aktif yang bertemu dengan tim Indonesia. Selain itu, anggota komunitas terinspirasi oleh idola mereka dan diamati di media sosial untuk band. Fashion dimaksudkan untuk menjadi hobi, mengidentifikasi dan membangun citra yang baik di masyarakat.
Pengambilan keputusan suami istri dalam menentukan pendidikan anak: Studi pada Muslimat Hidayatullah Surabaya
Authors: Sa'adah Siti Faridatus
Published: June 2020

Keluarga adalah institusi ketahanan yang terkuat dan setiap manusia begitu terikat pada keluarga, karena setiap orang dilahirkan dalam keluarga. Setiap keluarga berfungsi sebagai pengantar untuk masyarakat yang lebih besar, sebagai hubungan pribadi dengan struktur sosial yang lebih besar. Kekuatan sosial keluarga adalah aspek yang tidak dapat ditemukan di institusi lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengambilan keputusan dalam menentukan pendidikan anak. Para ibu Muslimat Hidayatullah di Kota Surabaya sekaligus istri sebagai pendidik utama bagi anak-anak untuk mendapatkan pendidikan dan suami terbaik dengan peran mereka, yang lebih kuat dalam membuat keputusan suami dan istri untuk menentukan pendidikan anak-anak mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan teori pengambilan keputusan oleh George R. Terry dan teori hubungan kekuasaan oleh Faucault. Pengambilan informan dilakukan dengan teknik purposive. Data diperoleh tujuh informan subjek dan tiga informan non subjek. Ada beberapa hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini. Pertama, suami lebih dominan ketika dia memiliki akses ke pengetahuan dalam pendidikan, kemampuan ekonomi untuk memenuhi semua kebutuhan suami, dan pemahaman agama. Kedua, istri lebih dominan ketika dia memiliki akses ke pengetahuan tinggi dan keterampilan ekonomi yang sama dengan suaminya. Ketiga, diskusi dan musyawarah adalah jalan yang dipilih oleh suami dan istri untuk mempertimbangkan sekolah. Terakhir, sekolah Hidayatullah dipilih untuk pendidikan anak-anak mereka karena mereka menganggapnya sebagai tempat terbaik untuk menjaga agama.
Penegakan hukum terhadap anggota Polri yang melakukan pelanggaran tidak masuk dinas
Authors: Dewi Kadek Intan Pramita
Published: June 2020

Kedisiplinan dalam lingkungan keanggotaan polisi merupakan suatu bentuk kredibilitas dan komitmen polri dalam melaksanakan pekerjaannya. Berbagai peraturan dalam kepolisian banyak membahas mengenai kedisiplinan yang harus ditaati oleh para anggota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penegakan kedisiplinan di lingkungan Kepolisian Udara Pondok Cabe. Adapun Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah kualitatif dan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan datanya melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anggota polisi yang tidak masuk layanan tanpa izin, dianggap melakukan tindakan disipliner jika hal ini dilakukan selama 30 hari kerja berturut-turut dan dapat dikenai sanksi administratif sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 21 ayat (3) surat Peraturan Kepolisian Nasional No. 14 Tahun 2011 tentang Kode Etik Profesi Kepolisian Republik Indonesia. Sanksi administratif dapat berupa rekomendasi pemberhentian Tidak Dengan Hormat (PTDH) yang prosedur penanganannya dilakukan oleh Provos.
miR-148b Differentiates Tubular Atrophy/Interstitial Fibrosis Histopathological Stages in IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Kumar Santosh , C Priscilla , Parameswaran Sreejith , Shewade Deepak , Viswanathan Pragasam , Ganesh Rajesh
Published: June 2020

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common forms of glomerular disease. It is diagnosed by the dominant or co-dominant IgA deposition in the mesangial region by histopathological examination of kidney biopsy. Kidney biopsy has its own complication and not performed frequently. microRNA (miRNA) is a small RNA, which plays an important role at the post transcriptional level by downregulating mRNAs. We have tried to establish a miRNA based biomarker for IgAN. We quantified miR-148b and let-7b from plasma in IgAN patients and healthy controls. Logistic regression models and receiver operating curve analysis used to analyze the miRNAs quantity and Oxford MEST-C scoring parameters (M- Mesangial hypercellularity, E- Endocapillary hypercellularity, S- Segmental glomerulosclerosis, T- Tubular atrophy/Interstitial fibrosis, C- Crescents). miR-148b and let-7b levels in IgAN were found to be higher by 2.9 and 5.48 times than the healthy controls, respectively. let-7b was positively correlated with complement C3 levels. Similarly, miR-148b was positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and negatively correlated with S, T, and blood pressure (BP). The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) for miR-148b against T were 0.87, 0.77, and 0.85, respectively. The threshold value of miR-148b concentration was found to be 8479 to differentiate the severe condition of IgAN. Furthermore, the decrease in miR-148b concentration at a threshold point indicated the progression of the severity of the IgAN. It can also be used to predict the IgAN at an earlier stage.
COVID-19 in Care Homes: Atypical Presentations and High Mortality Rates Mean Outbreak Management Needs to Include Health and Social Care - Early Identification of Atypical Clinical Signs, and Complete Segregation of Cases, Not Cohorting, Is Essential
Authors: Down Anna , Dhillon Arjun , Stretch Graham
Published: June 2020

Watching the international COVID-19 epidemics unfold during February and early March 2020, we began to highlight how outbreaks in care homes were inevitable, given the vulnerable patients in close proximity, and pressures on social care to help relieve pressure on the NHS. We suggested public health measures would significantly impact on care homes. Specifically we felt all homes would have multiple individuals isolated within days of introduction of guidance requiring isolation of new cough (or fever), and that a clear definition of an outbreak would be needed that differentiated COVID19 from influenza. We share the experiences of a GP practice looking after 900 nursing or dual registration care homes in the London Borough of Ealing in the early stages of the COVID19 Pandemic 2020. We believe that the altered presentation of cases of COVID19 in care homes contributed to the size of outbreaks, and that keeping COVID19 out of homes is the only way to manage this disease, with early isolation and complete segregation of positive and negative cases. We have seen over 300 suspected cases resulting in four fold (n=175) average monthly death rates, three fold usual issue of anticipatory medications, and approximately 32% mortality rate (up to 43% in over 90’s). Discharge pathways from hospital and admissions to care homes must be clear and robust. COVID19 naïve patients should not be admitted to units with outbreaks and COVID19 positive patients should not be admitted to anything other than a designated “hot” home until risk of contagion is passed. Some patients are testing positive at over 30 days since initial mild symptoms.
Transforming Vaccine Development
Authors: Black Steve , Bloom David E. , Kaslow David C. , Pecetta Simone , Rappuoli Rino
Published: June 2020

The urgency to develop vaccines against Covid-19 is putting pressure on the long and expensive development timelines which are normally required for development of lifesaving vaccines. There is a unique opportunity to take advantage of new technologies, smart and flexible design of clinical trials, and evolving regulatory science to speed up vaccine development against Covid-19 and transform vaccine development altogether.
An In-Silico Analysis of Drugs Potentially Modulating the Cytokine Storm Triggered by SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Sanchez-Burgos Laura , Gómez-López Gonzalo , Al-Shahrour Fatima , Fernandez-Capetillo Oscar
Published: June 2020

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is one of the biggest health and societal challenges of the recent decades. Among the causes of mortality triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection, the presence of an inflammatory "cytokine storm" (CS) at later stages of the disease has been found to play a determinant role. Here, we used available transcriptomic data from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of COVID-19 patients suffering from a CS to obtain gene-signatures associated to this pathological process. Using these signatures, we interrogated the Connectivity MAP (CMap) dataset that contains the effects of over 5,000 small molecules on the transcriptome of human cancer cell lines, and looked for molecules which effects on transcription mimic or oppose those associated to the CS. Consistent with their medical use, this analysis found a significant enrichment of glucocorticoids or inhibitors of the Janus Kinases (JAK) as drugs that could revert the CS. On the other hand, molecules that potentiate the immune response such as PKC activators are predicted to worsen the CS. Besides these expected findings, our analysis also reveals a potential effect of the antibiotic doxycycline or MAPK/RAF/MEK inhibitors in reverting the CS, or of topoisomerase inhibitors and the anti-alcohol abuse drug disulfiram in potentiating its effects. Finally, our analyses support that the gender-related differences in the severity of COVID-19 are related to the anti-inflammatory properties of female hormones. While acknowledging that this is an analysis based on limited available data, we decided to share it as a resource that might help others in the selection of drugs that could be tested in the context of experimental models of CS triggered by viral infections.
Evidence Based Decision Making in Dental Treatment During COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Mahajan Ajay , Asi Kanwarjit Singh , Kaushal Ashadeep , Bhatia Vindeshwari , Mahajan Poonam
Published: June 2020

Background: SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in a global pandemic, COVID-19. The disease has spread outrageously from Wuhan, china to rest of the world affecting millions of people. The human transmission is mainly known to occur by aerosols. As almost every dental procedure is associated with aerosol production, oral health care professionals are at a high risk of getting the infection. An attempt has been made to render cohesive practical suggestions for dental professionals amid COVID-19 outbreak. Objectives: The paper aims at providing evidence based information in managing dental patients during this pandemic. Material and Methods: The paper provides a broad overview of predominant findings based on electronic database search regarding COVID-19 outbreak and its effect on dental practice. Conclusion: Dental care should not be neglected due to the pandemic. Thorough knowledge about the disease and its prevention will not only help us in providing care to these patients but will also help in preventing the nosocomial spread of infection.
Comprehensive GCMS and LC-MS/MS Metabolite Profiling of Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Pantami Hamza Ahmed , Bustamam Muhammad Safwan Ahamad , Lee Soo Yee , Ismail Intan Safinar , Faudzi Siti Munirah Mohd , Nakakuni Masatoshi , Shaari Khozirah
Published: June 2020

The commercial cultivation of microalgae began in the 1960s and Chlorella was one of the first target organisms. The species has long been considered a potential source of renewable energy, an alternative for phytoremediation, and more recently, as a growth and immune stimulant. However, Chlorella vulgaris, which is one of the most studied microalga, has never been comprehensively profiled chemically. In the present study, comprehensive profiling of the Chlorella vulgaris metabolome grown under normal culture conditions was carried out, employing tandem LC-MS/MS to profile the ethanolic extract and GC-MS for fatty acid analysis. The fatty acid profile of C. vulgaris was shown to be rich in omega-6, -7, -9, and -13 fatty acids, with omega-6 being the highest, representing more than sixty percent (>60%) of the total fatty acids. This is a clear indication that this species of Chlorella could serve as a good source of nutrition when incorporated in diets. The profile also showed that the main fatty acid composition was that of C16-C18 (>92%), suggesting that it might be a potential candidate for biodiesel production. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed carotenoid constituents comprising violaxanthin, neoxanthin, lutein, β-carotene, vulgaxanthin I, astaxanthin, and antheraxanthin, along with other pigments such as the chlorophylls. In addition to these, amino acids, vitamins, and simple sugars were also profiled, and through mass spectrometry-based molecular networking, 48 phospholipids were putatively identified.
Efektivitas Kredibilitas Bank Sentral terhadap Inflasi bagi Produsen dan Konsumen di Indonesia
Authors: Prabowo Rakhmat , Ikhsan Mohamad
Published: June 2020

This study is intended to explain the impact of central bank credibility on inflation in Indonesia at the producer and consumer level. In this study, Central Bank Credibility is measured using an index with values between 0 (zero credibility) and 1 (perfect credibility). Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) method is used to analyze the impact of central bank credibility on inflation. Based on the results, central bank credibility can reduce inflation on both producer and consumer price. Central bank credibility is more sensitive towards producer price index compared to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) deflator and wholesale price index while at the consumer level, central bank credibility is more sensitive towards core inflation compared to headline inflation. -------------------------------------- Penelitian ini menjelaskan dampak kredibilitas Bank Sentral terhadap inflasi di Indonesia. Dampak kredibilitas Bank Sentral dianalisis pada tingkat produsen maupun konsumen. Untuk mengukur kredibilitas Bank Sentral, penelitian ini menggunakan indeks kredibilitas bernilai 0 (zero credibility) hingga 1 (perfect credibility). Metode Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) digunakan untuk menganalisis dampak kredibilitas Bank Sentral terhadap inflasi. Berdasarkan hasil empiris, kredibilitas Bank Sentral cenderung lebih memengaruhi inflasi pada Indeks Harga Produsen (IHP) dibandingkan Indeks Harga Perdagangan Besar (IHPB) dan deflator Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB). Kredibilitas Bank Sentral lebih memengaruhi inflasi inti dibandingkan dengan inflasi umum. Dari hasil empiris diketahui bahwa kredibilitas Bank Sentral lebih memengaruhi inflasi pada sisi produsen dibandingkan konsumen.
Mycobacterium fortuitum Prosthetic Joint Infection After Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Fix William C. , Sheth Neil P. , Braffman Michael N.
Published: June 2020

Case:

A 57-year-old man presented with a Mycobacterium fortuitum prosthetic joint infection (PJI) after right total hip arthroplasty refractory to the initial revision surgery and cement spacer placement. The patient was subsequently treated with 2-stage total joint arthroplasty revision surgery using an antibiotic-laden spacer customized to include meropenem and delayed reimplantation to allow for prolonged, systemic antimicrobial treatment with multiple antimicrobials, including levofloxacin and linezolid.

Conclusions:

There is little evidence to guide practitioners in the diagnosis and treatment of PJI caused by rare, rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) such as M. fortuitum. This case demonstrates a successful strategy for the treatment of RGM PJI.
El perdón: un análisis desde el desarrollo social, emocional y ético en las Universidades
Authors: Patiño-Prieto Juan Carlos , Ortega Ferreira Sandra Constanza , Giraldo Rubio Anamaría
Published: June 2020

El doctor Frederic Luskin, experto en psicología clínica y positiva, es considerado el «padre de la felicidad» por ser uno de los investigadores de mayor trayectoria y reconocimiento acerca del perdón en el mundo. En la actualidad, es el director de Proyectos de Perdón, en la Universidad de Stanford, en donde también es profesor asociado en el Instituto de Psicología Transpersonal y orienta clases como, por ejemplo, Desarrollo de Inteligencia Emocional, o Meditación y Resolución de Conflictos. En su paso por la Universidad EAN, durante la última semana de febrero, dictó su conferencia «El arte y la ciencia de perdonar», tema en el que ha investigado por más de dos décadas. Desde el proyecto SEED[1] quisimos profundizar en los fundamentos académicos de sus investigaciones acerca del perdón y cómo este se relaciona con otros aspectos de la estructura emocional de los individuos en la construcción de la subjetividad. En este sentido, en la entrevista el Dr. Luskin analiza cómo cada comportamiento humano está relacionado con los esquemas cognitivos que proyectamos cotidianamente, la relación de estos con la cultura en la que estamos inmersos y la forma en que construimos nuestra vida emocional.
Trends in Measles Cases in Bayelsa State, Nigeria: A Five-year Review of Case-based Surveillance Data (2014- 2018).
Authors: AWORABHI NENI , Numbere Tamunowari , Balogun Muhammed Shakir , Usman Aisha , Utulu Rowland , Ebere Nkechi , Omubo Wakiente , Stow Jones , Abba Shehu , Olorukooba Abdulhakim
Published: June 2020

Background: Measles is a vaccine preventable, highly transmissible viral infection that affects mostly children under five years. It has been ear marked for elimination and Nigeria adopted the measles elimination strategies of the World Health Organization (WHO) African region to reduce cases and deaths. This study was done to determine trends in measles cases in Bayelsa state, to describe cases in terms of person and place, identify gaps in the case-based surveillance data collection system and identify risk factors for measles infection.Methods: We carried out a secondary data analysis of measles case-based surveillance data for the period of January 2014 to December 2018 obtained in Microsoft Excel from the State Ministry of Health. Cases were defined according to WHO standard case definitions. We calculated frequencies, proportions, estimated odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and multivariate analysis.Results: A total of 449 cases of measles were reported. There were 245(54.6%) males and the most affected age group was 1-4 years with 288(64.1%) cases. Of all cases, 289(9.35%) were confirmed and 70 (48.27%) had received at least one dose of measles vaccine. There was an all-year transmission with increased cases in the 4th quarter of the year. Yenegoa local government area had the highest number of cases. Timeliness of specimen reaching the laboratory and the proportion of specimens received at the laboratory with results sent to the national level timely were below WHO recommended 80% respectively. Predictors of measles infection were, age less than 5 years (AOR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.36-0.91) and residing in an urban area (AOR: 1.55, 95% CI:1.02-2.34).Conclusions: Measles infection occurred all-year round, with children less than 5 years being more affected. Measles case-based surveillance system showed high levels of case investigation with poor data quality and poor but improving indicators. Being less than 5 years was protective of measles while living in urban areas increased risk for infection. We recommended to the state government to prioritize immunization activities in the urban centers, start campaigns by the 4th quarter and continue to support measles surveillance activities and the federal government to strengthen regional laboratory capacities.
Comparison of Inpatient Distribution among Different Medical Alliances in County Region: a Longitudinal Study on a healthcare reform in Rural China
Authors: Ran Yifan , Gao Hongxia , Han Dan , Hou Guilin , Chen Yingchun , Zhang Yan
Published: June 2020

Background: China has launched the medical alliances (MAs) reform to drive the development of primary medical institutions and decrease health inequality in rural areas. Three different types of MAs were built to promote township hospitals in Y County. This study aims to evaluate the actual effect of China’s MAs reform in rural areas on inpatient distribution especially amongst different types of MAs.Methods：We obtain 2008–2015 claims data from the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) in Y County, Hubei Province of China. We consider January 2008–December 2010 as the pre-reform period and January 2011–December 2015 as the post-reform period. We use independent sample t-test and single-group interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) to compare the number of inpatients per month in the three MAs, including three county and 10 township hospitals before and after the reform. We use paired t-test and multiple-group ITSA between seven township hospitals within MAs and seven township hospitals outside MAs.Results：The MAs reform in Y County increased the number of inpatients in county and township hospitals within MAs. After the reform, the number of inpatients per month in county hospitals had an upward trend, with a slope of 31.01 person/month (P < 0.000). Approximately 19.99 new inpatients were admitted to township hospitals monthly after the reform (P < 0.000). Furthermore, township hospitals within MAs had a substantial increase in the number of inpatients (10.45 new inpatients monthly) compared with those outside MAs. Conclusion: The MAs reform in Y County significantly improved the capability of medical institutions within MAs. After the reform, township hospitals within MAs had greater development advantages than those outside MAs. However, it also caused further imbalance in the county region, which contained the new health inequality risk.
Influence of cement-augmented pedicle screws with different volumes of polymethylmethacrylate in osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae over the adjacent segments: A 3D finite element analysis
Authors: Guo Hui-zhi , Zhang Shun-cong , Guo Dan-qing , Ma Yan-huai , yuan Kai , Li Yong-xian , Peng Jian-cheng , Li Jing-lan , Liang De , Tang Yong-chao
Published: June 2020

Background: Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is commonly used for cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation (CAPSI) to improve the fixation stability and reduce the risk of screw loosening in the osteoporotic thoracolumbar spine. Biomechanical researches have shown that various dose of cement (1-3ml) can be injected to enhance screw stability. To date, there have been no studies on the relationship between adjacent segment degeneration and the volume of PMMA. This study aimed to explore the influence of CAPSI with different volumes of PMMA in osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae over adjacent segments by using finite element analysis.Methods: Seven different finite element models were reconstructed and simulated under different loading conditions, including (1) an intact model, (2) three single-level CAPSI models with different volumes of PMMA (1, 1.73, and 2.5 ml), and (3) three double-level CAPSI models with different volumes of PMMA (1, 1.73, and 2.5 ml). To improve the accuracy of the finite element analysis, the models of the injectable pedicle screw and bone cement were created by using a three-dimensional scanning machine and the CAPSI patient’s CT data, respectively. The range of motion (ROM), the stress of intervertebral discs, and the stress of facet in the adjacent segment were comparatively analyzed among the different models.Results: The ROMs of the different segments were compared with experimental data, with good agreement under the different load conditions. Compared with the intact model, the ROM, disc stresses, and facet stress in adjacent segments were found to be higher in the six operative models. Otherwise, with a larger volume of PMMA injected, the ROM, disc stresses, and facet stress slightly increased at the adjacent segment. However, the differences among the augmented models were insignificant for all loading cases.Conclusions: CAPSI could increase the incidence of disk degeneration in the adjacent segment, while within a certain range, different volumes of PMMA provided an approximate impact over the adjacent segment degeneration.
Reduced polyfunctional T cells and increased cellular activation markers in adult allergy patients reporting adverse reactions to food
Authors: Sonnet Friederike , Namork Ellen , Stylianou Eva , Gaare-Olstad Ingvild , Huse Kanutte , Andorf Sandra , Mjaaland Siri , Dirven Hubert , Nygaard Unni
Published: June 2020

Background: The underlying cellular mechanisms causing adverse reactions to food are complex and still not fullyunderstood. Therefore, in this study we aimed to identify functional and/or phenotypical immune cell signaturescharacteristic for adult patients reporting adverse reactions to food.By mass cytometry, we performed high-dimensional profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) fromadult patients reporting adverse reactions to food and healthy controls. The patients were grouped according to sIgE-positive or sIgE-negative serology to common food and inhalant allergens. Two broad antibody panels were used,allowing determination of major immune cell populations in PBMC, as well as activation status, proliferation status,and cytokine expression patterns after PMA/ionomycin-stimulation on a single cell level.Results: By use of data-driven algorithms, several cell populations were identified showing significantly differentmarker expression between the groups.Most striking was an impaired frequency and function of polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in patients reportingadverse reactions to food compared to the controls. Further, subpopulations of monocytes, T cells, and B cells hadincreased expression of functional markers such as CD371, CD69, CD25, CD28, and/or HLA-DR as well asdecreased expression of CD23 in the patients. Most of the differing cell subpopulations were similarly altered in thetwo subgroups of patients.Conclusion: Our results suggest common immune cell features for both patient subgroups reporting adversereactions to food, and provide a basis for further studies on mechanistic and diagnostic biomarker studies in foodallergy.
WEARCON: Wearable home monitoring in children with asthma reveals a strong association with hospital based assessment of asthma control.
Authors: Kamp Mattienne R van der , Klaver Emilie C , Thio Bernard J , Driessen Jean MM , de Jongh Franciscus HC , Tabak Monique , Palen Job van der , Hermens Hermie J
Published: June 2020

Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. Regular follow-up of physiological parameters in the home setting, in relation to asthma symptoms, can provide complementary quantitative insights into the dynamics of the asthma status. Despite considerable interest in asthma home-monitoring in children, there is a paucity of scientific evidence, especially on multi-parameter monitoring approaches. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate whether asthma control can be accurately assessed in the home situation by combining parameters from respiratory physiology sensors.Methods: Sixty asthmatic and 30 non-asthmatic children were enrolled in the observational WEARCON-study. Asthma control was assessed according to GINA guidelines by the paediatrician. All children were also evaluated during a 2-week home-monitoring period with wearable devices; a physical activity tracker, a handheld spirometer, smart inhalers, and an ambulatory electrocardiography device to monitor heart and respiratory rate. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine which diagnostic measures were associated asthma control.Results: 24 of the 27 uncontrolled asthmatic children and 29 of the 32 controlled asthmatic children could be accurately identified with this model. The final model showed that a larger variation in pre-exercise lung function (OR=1.34 95%-CI 1.07-1.68), an earlier wake-up-time (OR=1.05 95%-CI 1.01-1.10), more reliever use (OR=1.11 95%-CI 1.03-1.19) and a longer respiratory rate recovery time (OR=1.12 95%-CI 1.05-1.20) were significant contributors to the probability of having uncontrolled asthma.Conclusions: Home-monitoring of physiological parameters correlates with paediatrician assessed asthma control. The constructed multivariate model identifies 88.9% of all uncontrolled asthmatic children, indicating a high potential for monitoring of asthma control. This may allow healthcare professionals to assess asthma control at home.Trial registration: Netherlands Trail Register, NL6087. Registered 14 February 2017, https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/6087
Performance Of The Modified Heart Score In An Asian Population
Authors: Sajeed Shanaz , De Dios Michael , Jun Dan Ong Wei , Punyadasa Amila Clarence
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION Chest pain is the most common potentially life threatening presentation to the emergency department (ED). Furthermore, the identification of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) including its risk stratification and subsequent disposition can be challenging. The original HEART score was derived as a predictive tool to risk stratify patients presenting with undifferentiated chest pain (CP) and aid physician decision-making. However, it utilized conventional Troponins as its cardiac biomarker component. Our study aims to assess the utility of the modified HEART score with highly sensitive troponins in an Asian setting with mixed ethnicity to determine if it corroborates the findings of the another recent Chinese study by Chun-Peng MA et al[7]. METHODS Clinical data from 413 patients presenting to the ED for evaluation of chest pain were analyzed. The predictive value of the modified HEART score for determining MACE was then evaluated.RESULTS 49 patients (11.9%) had a MACE: 31 patients (7.5%) underwent PCI, and 1 patient (0.2%) underwent CABG. There were 17 (4.1%) deaths.Three risk groups were elucidated based on MACE. In the low risk group (0-2), there were 72 patients (17.4%), with a MACE rate of 1.4%. In the intermediate risk group (3-5), there were 233 patients (56.4%), with a MACE rate of 5.2%. In the high risk group (6-10), there were 108 patients (26.2%), with a MACE rate of 33.3%. CONCLUSION The modified HEART score is an effective risk stratification tool in an ethnically diverse Asian population. Furthermore, it identifies low risk patients who are candidates for early discharge from a local emergency department.
Breastfeeding cessation in the era of Elimination of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV in Uganda: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ngbapai Jackslina Gaaniri , Izudi Jonathan , Okoboi Stephen
Published: June 2020

Background: Among human immunodeficiency (HIV) infected mothers, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends cessation of breastfeeding at one year to prevent HIV transmission but data are limited. We examined the frequency and factors associated with cessation of breastfeeding at one year among HIV infected postpartum mothers at Ndejje Health Center IV, a large peri-urban health facility in Uganda. Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved all HIV infected postpartum mothers enrolled in HIV care for at least 12 months between June 2014 and June 2018. We abstracted data from registers, held focused group discussions with HIV infected postpartum mothers, and key informant interviews with healthcare providers. Cessation of breastfeeding was defined as the proportion of HIV infected postpartum mothers who had stopped breastfeeding at one year. We summarized quantitative data descriptively, tested differences in outcome with the Chi-square and t-tests, and established independently associated factors using the modified Poisson regression analysis at 5% statistical significance level. We thematically analyzed qualitative data to enrich and triangulate the quantitative results. Results: Of 235 HIV infected postpartum mothers, 150 (63.8%) ceased breastfeeding at one year and this was independently associated with the HIV exposed infant (HEI) being female than male (Adjusted risk ratio (aRR): 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04, 1.50), the mother being multiparous than primparous (aRR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.04-1.53), and breastfeeding initiation on same-day as birth (aRR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.01-0.41). Qualitative results showed that partner reminders about breastfeeding adequacy of BF knowledge and maternal literacy facilitated continued breastfeeding until one year. Inadequate breastfeeding knowledge, casual and formal work demands, in addition to increased breastfeeding demand among boys led to cessation of breastfeeding before one year.Conclusion. Cessation of breastfeeding at one year among HIV infected postpartum mothers was suboptimal and this might increase risk of mother to child transmissions of HIV. Cessation of breastfeeding was more likely among female HEIs and multiparous mothers, and less likely when breastfeeding is initiated on same-day as birth. Interventions to enhance cessation of breastfeeding at one year should target groups of women with lower rates.
The role of JNK 1 in controlling AQP-1 and choroidal thickness during recovery from form-deprivation myopia in guinea pigs
Authors: Chen Wei , Wei Li zhi , Miao Wang qi , Yan Wang , Yue Zhang
Published: June 2020

Background: The development and recovery(REC) of myopia is associated with changing of choroidal thickness(CT) in model of guinea pigs. In this process, Aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) is related to changes in choroidal thickness during the recovery from myopia, but the corresponding signaling pathway has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of JNK1 on CT/AQP-1 and the recovery from myopia.Methods: According to the different intravitreal injections in eyes that underwent form deprivation for 21 days, guinea pigs were divided into four groups: the REC group, the REC+anisomycin (agonist for JNK1, REC-AN) group, the REC+SP600125 (inhibitor for JNK1, REC-SP) group, and the REC+DMSO (REC-DM) group. Each group was divided into three subgroups according to the time of removal of the deprivation: 3 days (d), 7 d and 10 d. All animals underwent biometric measurements (refractive error, axial length (AL), and CT), and the protein expression of AQP-1 and p-JNK1 in the choroid was also measured.Results: In the REC and REC-DM groups, significant differences in CT/ refractive error /AL/p-JNK1 or AQP-1 were only found in the 3d group compared with the normal control (NC) group (all p<0.05). In the REC-AN group, CT/p-JNK1 or AQP-1 in the 3d group was significantly higher than that in the other 3d’ groups (all p<0.05), but no significant difference in refractive error or AL was found compared with that in the NC group (all p>0.05). In the REC-SP group, a significant difference in refractive error /CT/p-JNK1 or AQP1 was found in the 3d/7d group compared with the NC group (all p<0.05), but AL was only found in the 3d groups (both p=0.001).Conclusions: Changes in JNK1 phosphorylation can regulate AQP-1 and CT during the recovery from myopia and the recovery time. Thus, JNK1 may be a potential therapeutic target for preventing/treating myopia.