bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANIPULASI LABA DI SEKTOR KESEHATAN: STUDI SEBELUM, SAAT, DAN SESUDAH PANDEMI COVID-19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sakti Eklamsia , Faizah Yustin Nur , Maduratna Enggal Sari
Published: June 2024

This research aims to explore indications of earnings manipulation during the Covid-19 pandemic. The subject of this research concerns companies in the health sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). Tools to measure indications of earnings manipulation use the Earnings Quality Ratio, Revenue Quality Ratio, Accruals Earnings Management, Real Earnings Management, Beneish M-score model, and DechowF-score model. Based on the research results, this study reached three main conclusions. First, indications of earnings manipulation continue to increase between 2018 and 2022. Second, when the pandemic hit, earnings manipulation saw a significant increase, especially in 2021. Third, once the pandemic ended, indices There were still many cases of earnings manipulation, including manipulation of earnings quality, recording of false income, poor cash flow, production expenses and costs.
Direct visualization of spin-dependent orbital geometry on the Na2IrO3 surface with ultra-high resolution
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhang Zongyuan , Terzic Jasminka , Shao Zhibin , Sun Haigen , Li Shaojian , Palotás Krisztián , Ding Haoxuan , Cao Gang , Zhu Wenliang , Lin Haiping , Gao Jianzhi , Pan Minghu
Published: June 2024

The honeycomb iridate Na2IrO3, as a candidate for the Kitaev model, has drawn increasing attention in recent years. It is a rare example of a strongly correlated, topologically nontrivial band structure that may have protected quantum spin Hall states. The nature of its intriguing insulating phase and magnetic order is still under debate. In the present work, we combine low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations to show that Na2IrO3 exhibits a band gap of 420 meV at 77 K, indicating a novel relativistic Mott insulator rather than Slater-like states. In addition, it is demonstrated that the Ir-O-Ir bonds and the subtle local density of states variation of Ir atoms induced by spin correlations can be imaged in real space in ultra-high resolution utilizing a spin-polarized oxygen-functionalized scanning tunneling microscopy tip. The direct observation of the zigzag Ir-O-Ir bonds at 77 K strongly dictates the zigzag magnetic ordering below T N ≈ 15 K because of the strong spin-orbit interactions that lock the lattice and magnetic moments.
Amplifying colorectal cancer progression: impact of a PDIA4/SP1 positive feedback loop by circPDIA4 sponging miR-9-5p
Authors: Zhuang Yan , Ai Yiding , Li Peng , Yue Xin , Li Yue , Shan Luling , Wang Tongtong , Zhao Peng , Jin Xun
Published: June 2024

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignant tumor with a high fatality rate. CircPDIA4 has been shown to have a vital role in cancer development by acting as a facilitator. Nevertheless, the impact of the circPDIA4/miR-9-5p/SP1 axis on development of CRC has not been studied. Methods: Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were used to analyze gene expression. The CCK-8 assay was used to assess cell growth. The Transwell assay was used to detect invasion and migration of cells. The luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation tests were used to determine if miR-9-5p and circPDIA4 (or SP1) bind to one another. An in vivo assay was used to measure tumor growth. Results: It was shown that circPDIA4 expression was greater in CRC cell lines and tissues than healthy cell lines and tissues. CircPDIA4 knockdown prevented the invasion, migration, and proliferation of cells in CRC. Additionally, the combination of circPDIA4 and miR-9-5p was confirmed, as well as miR-9-5p binding to SP1. Rescue experiments also showed that the circPDIA4/miR-9-5p/SP1 axis accelerated the development of CRC. In addition, SP1 combined with the promoter region of circPDIA4 and induced circPDIA4 transcription. CircPDIA4 was shown to facilitate tumor growth in an in vivo assay. Conclusions: The circPDIA4/miR-9-5p/SP1 feedback loop was shown to aggravate CRC progression. This finding suggests that the ceRNA axis may be a promising biomarker for CRC patient treatment.
Pengaruh Terpaan Akun Instagram @magdaleneid dan Motif Penggunaan Terhadap Persepsi Followers
Authors: Wibowo Devi Aulya , Ahmad Nasher
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
 
 This study focuses on mass communication's evolution in response to the emergence of new media. Presently, social media has gained unparalleled popularity. As per Hootsuite data, active social media users in Indonesia represent 60.4% of the population, encompassing approximately 167 million users. Remarkably, Instagram alone captures 86.5% of the entire active social media user base in Indonesia. Thus, this research aims to ascertain how exposure to the Instagram account @magdaleneid and its usage motives impact followers' perceptions.The utilized theory is the "uses and gratifications" theory. Employing a quantitative approach within the positivism paradigm, this study includes 399 respondents—active Instagram users following @magdaleneid. Sampling relies on purposive sampling technique. The analysis incorporates validity tests, reliability tests, classic assumption tests, multiple linear regression tests, F tests, and coefficient of determination for questionnaires and data. The findings from the F test reveal that both media exposure and motives for media usage exert partial influence on followers' perceptions of the Instagram account @magdaleneid. The acceptance of Ha and rejection of H0 substantiate this. The results of the multiple linear regression test demonstrating a positive effect. Notably, the motive usage variable emerges as a stronger influencer on followers' perceptions.
 
 
ABSTRAK
 
Penelitian ini berlatar belakang dari komunikasi massa yang mengalami perkembangan setelah adanya new media. Media yang paling digemari saat ini yaitu media sosial. Menurut data hootsuit pengguna aktif media sosial di Indonesia sebanyak 60,4% dari populasi di Indonesia. Sekitar 167 juta masyarakat Indonesia aktif dalam menggunakan media sosial. Instagram sendiri memiliki memiliki 86,5% pengguna dari jumlah populasi pengguna aktif media sosial di Indonesia. Jadi berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut maka tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh terpaan akun Instagram @magdaleneid dan motif penggunaan terhadap persepsi followers.  Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori uses and gratifications. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan paradigma positivism. Responden berjumlah 399 orang, adalah pengguna aktif Instagram yang merupakan followers akun Instagram @magdaleneid. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Teknik purposive sampling. Kuesioner beserta data diolah menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi linear berganda, uji F dan koefisien determinasi. Berdasarkan uji F, variabel terpaan media dan motif penggunaan media berpengaruh terhadap persepsi followers pada akun Instagram @magdaleneid secara simultan. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak. Dari hasil uji linear berganda penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa penelitian ini berpengaruh positif dan terlihat bahwa variabel motif penggunaan media lebih besar memberikan pengaruh terhadap persepsi followers.
Difusi Inovasi Program Digital Payment di Desa Kanekes Baduy
Authors: Saidah Musfiah , Trianutami Hilda , Amani Fidya Sukma
Published: June 2024

Manusia sebagai bagian dari masyarakat memiliki kemampuan dalam beradaptasi dengan lingkungan sosial. Munculnya Industri 4.0 mengharuskan penggunaan teknologi secara maksimal. Kini berbagai aspek kehidupan masyarakat termasuk kegiatan ekonomi juga mulai bergeser menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan teknologi. Salah satu kegiatan ekonomi berbasis digital yang kini banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat adalah pembayaran digital (digital payment). Masyarakat Baduy menjadi salah satu masyarakat yang mulai beradaptasi dengan kebiasaan baru tersebut. Namun, perubahan tersebut memerlukan suatu pendekatan khusus mengingat masyarakat Baduy masih sangat kental dengan nilai-nilai adatnya. Beberapa dari mereka mengaku sudah terbiasa dengan sistem pembayaran digital. Penyesuaian ini dilakukan salah satunya sebagai upaya memajukan Baduy sebagai desa wisata. Warga asli Baduy diharuskan melakukan penyesuaian terhadap perkembangan teknologi sehingga dapat memajukan Baduy. Oleh karena itu, untuk melakukan pergeseran terhadap suatu budaya di masyarakat diperlukan adanya sosialisasi inovasi yang akan ditawarkan. Dalam teori difusi inovasi, baru hanya dapat diterima apabila sesuai dengan karakteristik masyarakat. Penelitian ini ditunjang dengan model kualitatif. Pastikan kualitatif dipilih dengan mempertimbangkan objek penelitian, yaitu masyarakat Baduy. Sebagai hasilnya, para pelaku bisnis mencoba mengembangkan usaha dengan pembayaran digital. Beberapa dari mereka bahkan telah menyediakan sistem pembayaran melalui kode QR. Namun, sebagian besar juga mengaku belum terbiasa dengan sistem pembayaran digital dan tetap mengikuti perdagangan melalui transaksi tradisional.
Pengaruh Media Sosial Instagram Terhadap Brand Image PT Hijau Indah Selaras
Authors: Diputri Adhinda Triana , Afriani Anindita Lintangdesi
Published: June 2024

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi informasi memiliki sejumlah dampak positif, termasuk dalam menciptakan dan meningkatkan brand image suatu produk atau jasa. Hal ini menjadi penting, sebab keberadaan brand image yang baik dan positif pada suatu produk atau jasa dapat mengindikasikan bahwa konsumen termasuk calon konsumen memiliki persepsi dan penilaian yang juga positif pada produk atau jasa yang ditawarkan, termasuk pada perusahaan. Brand image dapat dibangun dan dikuatkan melalui pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, yakni media sosial untuk mengenalkan, memberi pengaruh, menumbuhkan kepercayaan dan persepsi positif, hingga meningkatkan permintaan dan kepuasan pelanggan. Instagram sebagai salah satu media sosial dengan perkembangan yang cukup pesat diketahui dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media untuk melakukan pemasaran produk atau jasa, termasuk membangun brand image perusahaan. Brand image dan penggunaan media sosial memiliki keterkaitan terhadap upaya pemanfaatan media sosial yang tepat, sehingga fungsi utama sebagai sarana promosi dan pemasaran suatu barang atau jasa dapat dilakukan secara maksimal, dan tercapai peningkatan brand image. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh media sosial instagram terhadap brand image PT Hijau Indah Selaras. Penelitian dilakukan secara kuantitatif pada 112 responden, untuk kemudian dilakukan interpretasi dan analisis data. Temuan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara media sosial instagram terhadap brand image PT Hijau Indah Selaras
Penggunaan Multiple Account Media Social Instagram sebagai Dramaturgi Pada Perempuan Milenial
Authors: Amarilia Shinta  , K. Y.S. Putri
Published: June 2024

ABSTRAK
Saat ini hampir segala aspek kehidupan manusia didominasi oleh penggunaan internet, tak terkecuali dalam melakukan komunikasi. Komunikasi menjadi lebih menyenangkan dan mudah karena hadirnya berbagai media sosial, seperti salah satunya adalah media sosial instagram. Platform ini semakin hari menawarkan berbagai fitur yang menarik bagi para penggunanya, awalnya instagram digunakan untuk berkomunikasi dengan pengguna lainnya namun kini sudah menjadi ajang untuk eksistensi diri dan representasi diri bagi para penggunanya, khususnya pengguna perempuan. Fitur yang dimaksud adalah fitur switch account, adanya fitur ini pengguna bisa menggunakan akun instagram lebih dari satu dengan waktu bersamaan. Pada akun utamanya mereka akan menunjukkan sisi terbaiknya atau melakukan branding kepada khalayak sedangkan pada akun kedua mereka akan menampilkan diri mereka apa adanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah ingin mencari tahu bagaimana penggunaan multiple account media sosial instagram sebagai dramaturgi pada perempuan milenial. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan
pendekatan fenomenologi. Informan penelitian dipilih secara acak sebanyak 7 orang mahasiswa perempuan, dengan usia 19-21 tahun. Teori yang dipilih adalah teori dramaturgi yang dicetuskan Erving Goofman. Teori ini menjelaskan bagaimana panggung depan (front stage) dan panggung belakang (back stage) layaknya kehidupan sosial manusia dalam sebuah pertunjukan teater. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan penggunaan media sosial instagram sebagai dramaturgi menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda-beda pada tiap informan, karena sertiap manusia memiliki kepribadian yang tidak sama. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan melalui akun utamanya para informan akan memperlihatkan karakter ideal layaknya pengguna instagram yang lain agar dapat diterima oleh khalayak, sedangkan pada akun kedua kebanyakan informan menggunakannya untuk membagikan postingan yang tidak bisa ia bagikan di akun pertamanya karena postingan dinilai kurang pantas.
Transmisi Pesan Dalam Digitalisasi – Analisis Penggunaan Media Sosial Oleh Dokter Tifa
Authors: Yanuar Fit , Ekayanthi Daesy , Marta Rustono Farady
Published: June 2024

Doctor Tifa is of a social media activist with such high credibility to the point her posts were used by other mass media as a source of information. There was a shocking post regarding Jokowi’s “fake certificates” on October 2022. These posts were the last time Doctor Tifa received her most news exposure and was seen on social media. The research is aimed to identify how Doctor Tifa constructs the “fake certificate” message to the audience and creates a digital phenomenon. The qualitative study uses the Message Transmission Theory by Shannon and Weaver and uses a text analysis of Doctor Tifa’s latest posts on social media. The research data displayed that Doctor Tifa purposefully attempted to defame President Jokowi by constructing “fake certificates” messages on social media. Digital messages are capable of being distributed quickly and widely, which gives birth to a new phenomenon in the digital world.
Keywords: Social Media; Message Transmission Theory; Content Analysis; Defamation
ABSTRAK
Dokter Tifa memiliki salah satu akun media sosial dengan kredibilitas tinggi sehingga banyak media massa menggunakan unggahannya sebagai sumber informasi. Salah satu unggahan Dokter Tifa tentang “ijazah palsu” Jokowi mengguncangkan media massa pada bulan Oktober 2022. Kumpulan unggahan tersebut menjadi kali terakhir Dokter Tifa mendapatkan perhatian media terbanyak dan juga kali terakhir beliau terlihat dalam media sosial. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menginterpretasi konstruksi pesan “sertifikat palsu” oleh Dokter Tifa di media sosial. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan Teori Transmisi Pesan oleh Shannon dan Weaver dengan analisis wacana sebagai metode penelitian untuk mengkaji unggahan Dokter Tifa dalam media sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dokter Tifa dengan sengaja berusaha untuk merusak citra Presiden Jokowi dengan merancang pesan “ijazah palsu” dalam media sosial. Pesan digital dapat terdistribusi secara luas dalam waktu yang singkat, sehingga unggahan tersebut mampu melahirkan sebuah fenomena dalam dunia maya.
Strategi Humas Pemerintah Dalam Pengelolalan Managemen Isu Di Era Post Truth
Authors: Rachmawati Farikha
Published: June 2024

Humas pemerintah melakukan manajemen isu sebagai strategi responsif untuk mengelola isu-isu pemerintah sebagai perencanaan krisis untuk menghindari rencana kontijensi di era post truth. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pengelolaan isu yang responsif yang dilakukan oleh humas pemerintah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dirjen IKP Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika selaku humas pemerintah dan Deputi IV Kantor Staf Presiden menerapkan strategi agenda building dalam produksi narasi pemerintahan. Sesuai dengan teori Agenda Building & Information Subsidies, humas pemerintah menggunakan strategi khusus untuk mempengaruhi persepsi positif masyarakat terhadap pemerintah. Mulai dari proses perencanaan yang dilakukan tim krisis, koordinasi isu penajaman isu, pembuatan strategi komunikasi, media monitoring, media relation, analisis tone berita, produksi naratif, evaluasi, dan subsidi informasi. Selain itu, GPR menjalankan contingency plan. Penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dilakukan dengan teknik pengambilan melalui wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Setelah mewawancarai 21 narasumber, temuan penelitian menghasilkan proposisi, pedoman teknis pengelolaan isu, dan model komunikasi pengelolaan isu, serta mendeskripsikan karakteristik pengelolaan era Jokowi-JK. Strategi utama yang digunakan humas pemerintah dalam isu manajemen adalah menjalin hubungan baik dengan media melalui Forum Merdeka Barat 9. Humas pemerintah memanfaatkan berbagai media untuk memaksimalkan agenda pembangunan, seperti: big data, press conference, website, release , twitter, Instagram, Facebook, YouTube Live Streaming, dan sebagainya. Penggunaan media yang beragam dan kecerdasan buatan merupakan salah satu ciri khas humas pemerintah di era sebelumnya.
Strategi Digital Branding dalam Konten Facebook Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Andri Saleh  , Yanti Setianti
Published: June 2024

Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan lembaga pemerintah yang bertanggung jawab dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan perstatistikan di Jawa Barat. Namun demikian, nama instansi BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat kurang dikenal oleh masyarakat. Akibatnya, masih dijumpai sebagian masyarakat yang menolak didata oleh petugas sensus/survei dari BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat. Hal ini berdampak pada rendahnya response rate kegiatan sensus/survei tersebut dan kualitas data statistik yang dihasilkan. Untuk itu, BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat melakukan berbagai upaya agar masyarakat Jawa Barat lebih mengenal instansi BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat. Salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan strategi digital branding di media sosial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis strategi digital branding yang dilakukan oleh BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, pengamatan, dan dokumentasi terhadap Tim Humas BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat. Dari hasil penelitian terungkap bahwa BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat melakukan strategi digital branding melalui platform media sosial Facebook. Platform tersebut dipilih karena Facebook lebih fleksibel untuk konten dengan format yang beragam seperti teks, gambar, video, maupun tautan website. Sedangkan dari sisi konten, BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat membuat kategori konten yang terdiri dari konten rilis data statistik menggunakan infografik, konten edukasi, kuis interaktif, kegiatan kedinasan, dan informasi lainnya. Strategi ini dapat dikembangkan lagi dengan berkolaborasi dengan instansi pemerintah lainnya agar BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat dapat dikenal lebih luas lagi oleh masyarakat Jawa Barat.
Exploring the Concept of Wahdatul Wujud Ibn Arabi: Potential Solutions for Juvenile Delinquency in Indonesia
Authors: Ayu Regita , Rambe Anggi Afrina , Rahardja Muhammad Nurfaizi Arya , Putri Annisa Ningtias Cevie , Kosasih Aceng , Fakhruddin Agus
Published: June 2024

This research aims to analyze the concept of Ibn Arabi's wahdatul wujud as a Muslim scientist so that it can become a reference in the world of education to shape the character of students. Then the method used in this research is qualitative with a literature study approach, to describe the results of Ibn Arabi's extraordinary thoughts as a guide in character education, data collection techniques using data collection taken from books, journals and writings related to the research. Next, the data that has been collected is analyzed using text content in the form of words, images, symbols, ideas and themes in the form of messages in SDN Kertamukti III. The research results show that the concept of wahdatul wujud is very helpful in shaping students' character, such as awareness of unity, tolerance and acceptance, personality development, involvement in goodness and development of spiritual awareness. With the concept of wadatul wujud which provides an understanding that the relationship between humans and God is a unity that cannot be separated. Therefore, it is important for teachers to provide the concept of wahdatu wujud in education so that students understand the meaning of existence as a creature and reality in the world which is a manifestation of God Almighty.
Makna Peran Manusia sebagai Khalifah dan Paradigma Teosentrisme dalam Etika Lingkungan Islam
Authors: Saputra Kurniawan Dwi , Maharani Septiana Dwiputri
Published: June 2024

The economic progress obtained by humans brought about negative impact on environment. This is the consequence of the anthropocentric view which legitimizes the exploitation of nature. In Islam, the anthropocentric paradigm can be traced back to the interpretation of the caliph concept. This study intends to interpret the concept of caliph from the Qur’an. The purpose of this study is to observe the interpretation of caliph that is in line with the spirit of environmental preservation. This is a qualitative research and uses literature study as a method.  The data collected from written sources. Data verification techniques use source triangulation and data analysis techniques is interactive analysis method. This study found that the concept of caliph is in contrast position to the exploitative attitude towards the environment. From a literal study, the word khalifah means ruler or successor to the generation of people that reflects the value of sustainability.
The series of verses on the creation of the caliph (al-Baqarah 30) also carries a message against destructive acts on earth (ifsad). Finally, the context of caliph creation of the caliph is aimed at prospering the earth with a just attitude and in accordance with the law of God. Theocentric paradigm is the foundation of environmental ethics in Islam which is more comprehensive than biocentrism and ecocentrism. This paradigm indeed places humans in a central position in the universe. However, this important role aims to actualize the perfection of of every existence. To do that, humans need to avoid acting ifsad (destruction) in relation to nature.
Hermeneutika Sebagai Jalan Teologi Pembebasan Farid Esack
Authors: Randa Syafrinal
Published: June 2024

Liberation theology is a theological view that was born and developed as a self-liberation movement or group from oppression.  Liberation theology is also a phenomenological discourse with plural social conditions and experiencing oppression and inequality that restrain religious adherents.  Farid Esack, a South African intellectual who was in the Apartheid regime, held the view that believers should not submit to political authority and discriminatory social conditions of society. In this social condition, Farid Esack saw the need to reinterpret the Qur'an using hermeneutics as an approach. Through the concept of hermeneutics, he is able to give rise to new ideas about theology or what he calls liberation theology. This is an effort to answer existing social problems, especially in South Africa. The writing of this article uses the library research method with a literature study approach, which is carried out by collecting and analyzing information from written sources such as books, journals, articles, and documents related to the topic discussed. According to Farid Esack, the concept of hermeneutics is very necessary considering that the books in religion are not only a teaching concept that only contains rituals but also contains universal human liberation from social inequality and oppression.
La probabilidad no es probabilista:
Authors: Martel Paredes Victor Hugo
Published: June 2024

The distance that separates the traditions that give rise to the Peruvian economic system and the Great Britain economic system in the 18th century lies in the depths of modern mathematical reason and the inscrutable Peruvian colonial moral conscience. Nevertheless, there are theories that propose that the scholastic probabilism has been the source from which contemporary economic probability arose. The purpose of this article is to answer negatively to this hypothesis. This research is exploratory, but the analysis of the historical and economic texts will contribute to the confrontation of the hypothesis raised from philosophical theories that are formulated. Therefore, the method that has been used is demonstrative analytical. In sum up, the colonial economy cannot be thought mathematically, as in the case of probability, but rather in moral sense, which foundation was the probabilism that flourished in the newly discovered lands.
El potencial del nudge como herramienta para la elaboración de políticas públicas
Authors: Ramos Fernando
Published: June 2024

Desde la perspectiva de la economía del comportamiento, el nudge, como mecanismo psicológico, es una herramienta potencial en la elaboración de políticas públicas, ya que ha sido ampliamente reconocido por su éxito en intervenciones recientes debido a su bajo coste de implementación. En ese sentido, este artículo analizó el potencial uso del nudge en las políticas públicas ante determinadas situaciones. Para tal fin, se ha realizado la revisión sistemática de literatura sobre la economía del comportamiento. Los resultados permitieron identificar el potencial de uso del nudge en políticas públicas respecto a decisiones predeterminadas, protección ante compras no solicitadas y contratos de renovación automática. En conclusión, el uso del nudge en la elaboración de políticas públicas permitiría a los gobiernos que lo aplican asegurar la eficacia de sus intervenciones y mejorar el nivel de aprobación de los ciudadanos.
Benchmarking the Performance of Large Language Models in Uveitis: A Comparative Analysis of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Google Gemini, and Anthropic Claude3
Authors: Cen Ling-Ping , Zhao Fang-Fang , He Han-Jie , Liang Jia-Jian , Wang Yun , Lin Hongjie , Chen Feifei , Li Tai-Ping , Yang Jian-Feng , Chen Lan
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy, comprehensiveness, and readability of responses generated by various Large Language Models (LLMs) (ChatGPT-3.5, Gemini, Claude 3, and GPT-4.0) in the clinical context of uveitis, utilizing a meticulous grading methodology.
METHODS
Twenty-seven clinical uveitis questions were presented individually to four Large Language Models (LLMs): ChatGPT (versions GPT-3.5 and GPT-4.0), Google Gemini, and Claude. Three experienced uveitis specialists independently assessed the responses for accuracy using a three-point scale across three rounds with a 48-hour wash-out interval. The final accuracy rating for each LLM response ('Excellent', 'Marginal', or 'Deficient') was determined through a majority consensus approach. Comprehensiveness was evaluated using a three-point scale for responses rated 'Excellent' in the final accuracy assessment. Readability was determined using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level formula. Statistical analyses were conducted to discern significant differences among LLMs, employing a significance threshold of p < 0.05.
RESULTS
Claude 3 and ChatGPT 4 demonstrated significantly higher accuracy compared to Gemini (p < 0.001). Claude 3 also showed the highest proportion of 'Excellent' ratings (96.3%), followed by ChatGPT 4 (88.9%). ChatGPT 3.5, Claude 3, and ChatGPT 4 had no responses rated as 'Deficient', unlike Gemini (14.8%) (p = 0.014). ChatGPT 4 exhibited greater comprehensiveness compared to Gemini (p = 0.008), and Claude 3 showed higher comprehensiveness compared to Gemini (p = 0.042). Gemini showed significantly better readability compared to ChatGPT 3.5, Claude 3, and ChatGPT 4 (p < 0.001). Gemini also had fewer words, letter characters, and sentences compared to ChatGPT 3.5 and Claude 3.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study highlights the outstanding performance of Claude 3 and ChatGPT 4 in providing precise and thorough information regarding uveitis, surpassing Gemini. ChatGPT 4 and Claude 3 emerge as pivotal tools in improving patient understanding and involvement in their uveitis healthcare journey.
Childhood Interstitial Lung Disease clinical research: A child-parent dyad survey on research preferences and acceptability
Authors: Gilbert Carlee M , Bush Andrew , Bennett Kate M , Brown Christopher
Published: June 2024

Despite patient and public involvement (PPI) in paediatric rare disease research being a challenge, PPI is strongly advocated for clinical research. PPI provides the opportunity for young people to support research for the future of their healthcare and improve their own understanding of their health condition, thus improving health outcomes. The aim of this child-parent dyad survey was to investigate the understanding and preferences of clinical research in 26 young people affected with childhood Interstitial Lung Disease (chILD) (age 6 to 17) and their parents. The survey results captured young people’s understanding of informed consent/assent and confirmed young people and their parents are the main decision-makers in their undertaking research. For clinical research acceptability, parents were more open for their child to participate in clinical research than young people. Parents expressed less preference for their child to participate in research that involved untested medicines and surgery, whereas young people expressed less preference to undertake research that involved untested medicines, surgery, and venepuncture. These novel findings indicate that the survey designed for this study effectively captured young people’s opinions in an online non-clinical setting and found a potential disconnect between the young person’s needs and opinions and parents’ preferences of clinical research. The development of chILD research education and a young person forum is recommended to build and foster clinician/researcher relationships. Ultimately, this will allow for building stronger PPI links and improved chILD clinical research.
Application of a new video laryngoscope in laryngeal mask insertion: a manikin study
Authors: Zheng Zhihao , Li Haibo , Li Ying , Li Jinrui , Zhou Qi , Song Jiannan , Liang Xiaodong
Published: June 2024

Background
Laryngeal masks have been widely used in clinical practice. However, the placement of the laryngeal mask may lead to misalignment of the laryngeal mask or complications such as pharyngeal pain and bleeding. Laryngoscope-guided laryngeal mask placement can improve the alignment of the laryngeal mask and reduce the incidence of complications. However, due to the structural characteristics of the laryngoscope, the laryngeal mask placement cannot achieve a perfect effect. Designing a visual laryngoscope for laryngeal mask placement to improve the success rate of laryngeal mask placement is an important problem in clinical practice.
Methods
44 junior anesthesiologists participated in this study. They were divided into two groups according to the computer-generated random number table. The LMA was inserted into an airway manikin in a blind fashion (blind group) or under visualization with the video laryngoscope-guided group (VL group). The success rate of laryngeal mask placement, insertion time, fiberoptic classification, times of manual optimization, and difficulty of placement were recorded.
Results
The LMA was successfully inserted in all participants. The success rate of laryngeal mask placement in the VL group was higher than that in the L group (94% vs 65%, p = 0.025). The insertion time (33.76 ± 4.78 vs 45.06 ± 6.27, p < 0.001) and the times of manual optimization of the laryngeal mask (9% vs 36%, p = 0.031) in the video laryngoscope-guided group were lower than in the blind group. The VL group has a higher fiberoptic classification (p = 0.026).
Conclusion
These findings suggest that the improved video laryngoscope is easy to operate, which can increase the success rate of laryngeal mask implantation, shorten the insertion time, reduce the number of adjustments and have a higher optical fiber score.
The Impact of Vagal Nerve Stimulation From the Lateral Neck Region on Venous Canulation Pain: a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Adıgüzel Şenay Canikli , Soydan Emre Can , Kayıkçı Ebru , Süren Mustafa , Okan İsmail
Published: June 2024

Background
As the cranial nerve with the longest and widest distribution area of the body, the vagus nerve (N.Vagus) has both antinociceptive and neuromodulatory effects and plays a role in the regulation of the heart rate. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of cold stimulation on vascular access discomfort and heart rate variability, specifically by separately stimulating the N. Vagus nerve on both the right and left sides of the neck thereby assessing any lateralization effect.
Methods
140 patients, ranging in age from 18 to 75, were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group Left (Group L) or Group Right (Group R). Following cold application to the left lateral neck region of Group L and the right lateral neck region of Group R, venous cannulation was performed. Prior to, following, and subsequent to vascular access, the heart rate, noninvasive blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and numeric pain scale (NRS) values for venous cannulation pain of the patients were documented.
Results
Average heart rates and average heart rates after cannulation were considerably lower in both groups after vagal stimulation (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed when comparing the average heart rate values for each time period in Group L and Group R, including the mean heart rate values before vagal stimulation, after vagal stimulation, and after vascular access (p > 0.05). The mean heart rate change percentages before and after vagal stimulation were 7 ± 5.8% and 7.1 ± 7.0% in group L and group R respectively, suggesting that heart rate variability was greater in Group R, although this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). NRS values were found to be 2.64 ± 1.28 in Group L and 2.85 ± 1.62 in Group R, with no significant difference (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
While heart rate variability exhibited more prominence on the right side, the difference was not statistically significant. Analyzing the analgesic impact revealed no discernible difference between the analgesic effects of stimulation from the right and left sides.
Agro-morphological variability and prospects of genetic improvement of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. collections in some central Africa countries
Authors: BENOIT-CONSTANT LIKENG-LI-NGUE , Landry NDZANA NDZANA Emile Lionel , Ibram ALADJI ABATCHOUA Madi Madi , Fort MBO NKOULOU Luther , Thierry MOLO , Shérifa MOLO Nathalie , TCHANG Hourounou Nineck , Bille Ngalle Hermine , Martin Bell Joseph
Published: June 2024

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is a Malvaceae with multiple economic and pharmacological potential, little or poorly known and under-exploited in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic variability of 36 collections from several countries in the Central African sub-region, in an alpha lattice design (6x6) with two replications at the University of Yaoundé I. The data collected from five plants in each plot per replication were randomly selected from the middle row, excluding the border plants, and harvested at the stage of 50% flowering. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) were estimated using the R software variability package (version 3.5.1). The analysis of variance results from the 20 traits evaluated including 13 qualitative and 7 quantitative showed significant differences (P < 0.0001) between accessions at 60 days after sowing. Average heights to first branch ranged from 2.62 to 14.70 cm and the plant heights ranged from 10.5 to 86 cm. Mean collar diameter values varied between 0.40 and 1.36 cm. Collar diameter was strongly and positively correlated with the number of branches (r = 0.8) and with the 50% flowering date. Flower bud initiation date (DIBF) was negatively correlated with chlorophyll index (-0.6) and plant height (-0.4). Hierarchical clustering grouped the collections into 03 groups of 10 collections, 12 collections and 14 collections respectively. However, no differences were observed between collection origins for all parameters studied. High heritability was recorded for growth parameters such as collar diameter (0.6143), number of branches (0.6363), plant height (0.7240) and height of first branch (0.7653), revealing strong potential for selection and genetic improvement. The first two axes of the PCA which explained 64.7% were taken into account. The association of quantitative variables and collections showed the top 10 collections which represented potential parents for breeding programs.
Analytical potential energy functions for CO+ in its ground and excited electronic states
Authors: Araújo Judith P. , Ballester Maikel Y. , Lugão Isadora G. , Silva Rafael P. , Martins Mariana P.
Published: June 2024

Accurate functions to analytically represent the potential energy interactions of CO+ diatomic system in X 2∑+, A2∏ and B 2∑+electronic states are proposed. The new functions depend upon only four parameters directly obtained from experimental data, without any fitting procedure. These functions have been developed from the modified generalized potential proposed by Araújo and Ballester [Phys. Scr. 96, 125407 (2021)]. The function for the X 2∑+ electronic state represents a significant improvement to the previously proposed model. To quantify the accuracy of the potential energy functions, the least-squares Z-test method, proposed by Murrell and Sorbie, is used. Furthermore, the main spectroscopic constants and vibrational energy levels are calculated and compared for all potentials. The present results agree excellently with the experiment Rydberg-Klein-Rees (RKR) potentials.
Muscle loss is prevalent and severe in the ICU: A Canadian multi-centre study analyzing clinically acquired CT images
Authors: Smith Ainsley Catherine Joan , Hisey Brandon M. , Lee Chel Hee , Grant Christopher J. , Walker Richard E.A. , Solverson Kevin J. , Bott Kirsten N. , Doig Christopher J. , Manske Sarah L.
Published: June 2024

Purpose
Muscle weakness is a common and debilitating complication of critical illness. Understanding the prevalence, severity, and risk factors associated with intensive care unit (ICU) acquired weakness is challenging, as critically ill patients are often unable to participate in muscle strength assessments. Muscle cross-sectional area obtained from computed tomography (CT) scans can be used as a surrogate measure for muscle strength. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in muscle in the ICU using clinically acquired CT imaging.
Methods
For this multi-centre cohort study, we acquired baseline and follow-up CT abdominal scans for 171 ICU trauma and sepsis patients from four hospitals in Calgary, Canada. We measured mean psoas muscle cross-sectional area at the level of the third lumbar vertebra. Patient demographic and illness-related information were acquired using electronic medical records. Linear mixed models and regressions were used to assess risk factors.
Results
Patients experienced an 8% reduction in psoas muscle CSA (1.2 cm2, IQR = 0.1, 2.3) over a median 9 days in the ICU. This represents a median muscle loss rate of 1% per day. The prevalence of substantial muscle loss (> 10%) was 43%. Patients with greater muscle at baseline or greater time in the ICU experienced more profound muscle loss. For sepsis patients, greater rate of muscle loss was associated with increased ICU mortality (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Muscle loss in the ICU is common, especially among patients with longer ICU stays or greater baseline muscle. Greater rate of muscle loss is associated with mortality.
Robotic Surgery of the Urothelial Carcinoma of the Upper Urinary Tract Single Surgeon Initial Experience, 66 consecutive cases
Authors: Farzat Mahmoud , Leyh-Bannurah Sami-Ramzi , Wagenlehner Florian M.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Robotic surgery is increasingly utilized in the treatment of urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UTUC). This study investigates the advantages and burden of robot-assisted surgical treatment of the urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract in a referral urological department, along with their functional and oncological results.
Methods: The study included 66 prospectively enrolled patients who were surgically treated by a single, robotically specialized surgeon between July 2019 and December 2023. Patients were divided into three groups. Group 1: 50 patients underwent robot-assisted radical Nephroureterectomy (RANU) with bladder cuff excision, Group 2: 11 patients underwent RANU simultaneously with robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC), and Group 3: 5 patients underwent robot-assisted segmental ureterectomy (RASU). Clinical and oncological parameters were compared. Perioperative morbidity according to Clavien-Dindo was the primary endpoint of our study. The secondary endpoint was oncologic outcomes.
Results: 37.8% of patients had locally advanced carcinomas. The average console time of RANU with bladder cuff excision was 69 minutes. The rate of positive surgical margins was n=1/66 (2%). Lymphadenectomy (LAD) was performed on 30% of patients, with a mean of 13.7 lymph nodes removed. Of those who received LAD, 33% had lymph node metastasis. n=6/66 (9%) patients received blood transfusion. The overall complication rate was 24%. The readmission rate was 7.5%. With a median follow-up of 26 months, the 2-year recurrence-free survival rate was 84.4%, and the 2-year overall survival rate was 94%.
Conclusion: Robotic surgery is a feasible option for treating UTUC that can be adapted to meet the surgical needs of each patient. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm its benefits.
The expression of lncRNAs EVADR and LUESCC in Colorectal tumor tissues and their association with the CRC risk in an Iranian population
Authors: Ahmadzadeh Mozhgan , shahamiri Kamal , Raeisi Mohammad , jafari Negar , Kalaki Niloufar Sadat
Published: June 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent form of cancer that impacts individuals around the world. It is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of regulatory RNA that can impact gene expression. EVADR and LUESCC are tow novel lncRNA specifically expressed in tumors of glandular origin, such as colon.in this study we aimed to investigate the expression of EVADR and LUESCC in Colorectal tumor tissues in Iranian patients. We selected 50 cases of colorectal tumor tissues (FFPE) from individuals with sporadic CRC who were referred from the Pathology Department of Imam Hossein hospital in Tehran, Iran. The study results offer valuable insights into the expression patterns of LUESCC and EVADR lncRNAs in CRC patients. The findings show a significant upregulation of both LUESCC and EVADR lncRNAs in CRC patients compared to normal tissues, with notable fold-change values and statistical significance. The ROC curve analysis further emphasizes the potential diagnostic value of these lncRNAs. Additionally, the differential expression of LUESCC and EVADR lncRNAs in different differentiation groups suggests a potential association between these lncRNAs and CRC tumor grade. The significant increase in expression observed in well, poor, and intermediate differentiation groups compared to normal tissues underscores the potential role of these lncRNAs in CRC progression and aggressiveness. The present study also revealed distinct expression patterns of LUESCC and EVADR lncRNAs in relation to metastasis and fecal occult blood. Overall, these findings shed light on the diagnostic and prognostic potential of LUESCC and EVADR lncRNAs in CRC.
Electrically switchable 2N-channel wave-front control with N cascaded polarization-dependent metasurfaces
Authors: Feng Xue , Ma Zhiyao , Tian Tian , Liao Yuxuan , Li Yongzhuo , Cui Kaiyu , Liu Fang , Sun Hao , Zhang Wei , Huang Yidong
Published: June 2024

Metasurfaces with tunable functionalities are greatly desired for modern optical system and various applications. To increase the operating channels of polarization-multiplexed metasurfaces, we proposed a structure of N cascaded dual-channel metasurfaces to achieve 2N electrically switchable functional channels without intrinsic loss or cross-talk. As proof of principles, we have implemented a 3-layer setup to achieve 8 channels. In success, we have demonstrated two typical functionalities of vortex beam generation with switchable topological charge of l=-3 ~ + 4 or l=-1~ -8, and beam steering with the deflecting direction switchable in an 8×1 line or a 4×2 grid. We believe that our proposal would provide a practical way to significantly increase the scalability and extend the functionality of polarization-multiplexed metasurfaces, which are potential for the applications of LiDAR, glasses-free 3D display, OAM (de)multiplexing, and varifocal meta-lens.
Analysis of Care-seeking Pathway and Factors Influencing Early and Appropriate Care-seeking for Malaria Patients in the Republic of Guinea, 2022-2023
Authors: DIALLO Elhadj Marouf , Plucinski Mateusz M , TRAORE Fatoumata Bintou , CAMARA Bienvenu Salim , LANGLET Alice , DELAMOU Alexandre , DIALLO Ousmane Oumou , GERBAUD Laurent , CAMARA Alioune
Published: June 2024

Aim: This this study was conducted to analyze the diagnostic pathway and the factors associated with early and appropriate care-seeking for malaria patients in the Republic of Guinea.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between November 2022 - March 2023 among 3300 patients diagnosed of malaria in health facilities in nine health districts. Axel Kroeger’s conceptual framework was used for the design of the questionnaire. Conventional recourse was defined as the use of a healthcare facility or community services, early and appropriate care-seeking was defined as within 24 hours of symptom onset in a conventional recourse, and care pathway the sequence of recourses followed by each patient. Sankey alluvial plots were used to represent patients' diagnostic pathways, and logistic regression to identify factors associated with early and appropriate care-seeking.
Results: 1632 (49.45%) were female and 1132 (34.30%) were under 5 years old, with a mean age of 27.46 months (SD = 16.03). At time of interview, 1337 (40.52%), 1423 (43.12%), 437 (13.85%) of patients were respectively in their first, second and third recourse. A total of 2002 (60.67%) patients had gone to a conventional recourse as a first line. Of all patients, 1757 (53.25%) had sought care within 24 hours and 28.55% had sought early and appropriate care. Individually and as a first intention, self-medication was the main modality with 1214 (37.30%). The health districts of Boffa (Lower Guinea, coastal region) OR = 0.48 95% CI 0.33 – 0.70, Dabola (Upper Guinea, savanna region) OR = 0.43 95% CI 0.30 – 0.63 and Labe (Middle Guinea, mountain region) OR = 0.63 CI 95% 0.43 – 0.91 (p<0.05) were at risk of delaying appropriate care seeking, regarding reference district (Dixinn, Conakry). However, the under 5 years old group OR = 1.55 95% CI 1.30 – 1.85 (p<0.001) and the availability of a stable monthly household income (p<0.001) were positively associated with early and appropriate care seeking.
Conclusion: A low rate of early and appropriate care-seeking was observed. Patients sought care through multiple means, often resulting in a delay adequate management. The results, shows the need to deploy strategies adapted to the needs of communities.