bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multifractal wavefunctions of charge carriers in graphene with folded deformations, ripples, or uniaxial flexural modes: Analogies to the quantum Hall effect under random pseudomagnetic fields
Authors: Espinosa-Champo Abdiel , Naumis Gerardo G.
Published: October 2021

The electronic behavior in graphene under arbitrary uniaxial deformations, such as foldings or flexural fields, is studied by including it in the Dirac equation pseudoelectromagnetic fields. General foldings are thus studied by showing that uniaxial deformations can be considered pseudomagnetic fields in the Coulomb gauge norm. This allows one to give an expression for the Fermi (zero) energy mode wavefunctions. For random deformations, contact is made with previous works on the quantum Hall effect under random magnetic fields, showing that the density of states has a power law behavior and that the zero energy mode wavefunctions are multifractal. This hints at an unusual electron velocity distribution. Also, it is shown that a strong Aharonov–Bohm pseudoeffect is produced. For more general nonuniaxial general flexural strain, it is not possible to use the Coulomb gauge. The results presented here helps to tailor-made graphene uniaxial deformations to achieve specific wavefunctions.
Looking Back at Kinesiology’s Future: The Need for Both Focused Frogs and Visionary Birds
Authors: Wiggins David K.
Published: October 2021

This essay reflects on the status of kinesiology amidst the current pandemic and Black Lives Matter movement. Utilizing the metaphor coined by mathematician and physicist Freeman Dyson, I contend that the continued success of kinesiology is more plausible if we prepare more visionary birds, those with broader range and a variety of interests, to supplement the more narrowly focused frogs who currently dominate the field. Implicit in the essay is the contention that the field would benefit if it took a more interdisciplinary approach to the study of physical activity, sport, exercise, and other human movement forms as advocated by the American Kinesiology Association and individual scholars in the field. More specifically, I argue that the social sciences and humanities should be provided a more prominent place in kinesiology curriculums and serve as an academic core for all students in the field, irrespective of career aspirations and goals.
Capillary flow control in lateral flow assays via delaminating timers
Authors: Lee Dohwan , Ozkaya-Ahmadov Tevhide , Chu Chia-Heng , Boya Mert , Liu Ruxiu , Sarioglu A. Fatih
Published: October 2021

Gates imprinted on a paper program capillary flow of reagents to create frugal dipstick tests with advanced functionalities.
Marine high temperature extremes amplify the impacts of climate change on fish and fisheries
Authors: Cheung William W. L. , Frölicher Thomas L. , Lam Vicky W. Y. , Oyinlola Muhammed A. , Reygondeau Gabriel , Sumaila U. Rashid , Tai Travis C. , Teh Lydia C. L. , Wabnitz Colette C. C.
Published: October 2021

High temperature extremes exacerbate climate adaptation challenges for fish stocks, fisheries, and dependent human communities.
Naturally diffused sintering aid for highly conductive bilayer electrolytes in solid oxide cells
Authors: Kim Junseok , Im Seunghyeok , Oh Seol Hee , Lee Ji Yeong , Yoon Kyung Joong , Son Ji-Won , Yang Sungeun , Kim Byung-Kook , Lee Jong-Heun , Lee Hae-Weon , Lee Jong-Ho , Ji Ho-Il
Published: October 2021

A strategy of naturally diffused sintering aid enables the fabrication of defect-free bilayer electrolyte in solid oxide cells.
Military families: the impacts of having a first child during service on military mothers
Authors: Williamson Charlotte , Baumann J , Murphy D
Published: October 2021

Introduction

The rights, roles and responsibilities of servicewomen in the UK Armed Forces has changed dramatically over time. Previously, service personnel were automatically discharged from the military if they became pregnant. As the percentage of servicewomen in the UK Armed Forces increases, having children during service is becoming more common and maternity policies are now in place. Having children during military service can impact on the health and well-being of servicewomen, including a greater risk of illness when returning to work.

Methods

A cross-sectional, self-report survey was used for data collection. The response rate was approximately 45%. Female Army veterans were recruited via a female military association. The survey collected data on parental status, the timing of their first child (during or after service), and several current mental and physical health and well-being outcomes.

Results

Of the 750 female Army veterans who completed the survey, 406 reported having children. Of those with children, 14.5% had their first child during service compared with 85.5% after service. The most frequently endorsed health outcomes were low social support, loneliness and common mental health difficulties. Participants who had their first child during military service were more likely to have left the service non-voluntarily.

Conclusions

This study provided insight into the impacts of having a first child during military service on servicewomen. Overall, female Army veterans who had their first child during service had poorer outcomes, including leaving service non-voluntarily. However, none of the health or well-being outcomes remained significant after adjusting the results. This study explored a widely under researched population and field of research. Future research should seek to expand on our findings and continue to explore the impacts of having a first child during military service for military mothers.
Maternal vitamin D intake and BMI during pregnancy in relation to child’s growth and weight status from birth to 8 years: a large national cohort study
Authors: Amberntsson Anna , Papadopoulou Eleni , Winkvist Anna , Lissner Lauren , Meltzer Helle Margrete , Brantsaeter Anne Lise , Augustin Hanna
Published: October 2021

Objectives

To examine the associations between maternal vitamin D intake and childhood growth and risk of overweight up to 8 years. We further examined the effect modification by maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI).

Design

Prospective population-based pregnancy cohort study.

Setting

The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study.

Participants

In total, 58 724 mothers and 66 840 singleton children, with information on maternal vitamin D intake during the pregnancy and minimum one postnatal anthropometric measurement.

Outcome measures

Predicted weight and height growth trajectories and velocities from 1 month to 8 years, rapid growth during infancy and toddlerhood, and risk of overweight in preschool and school age.

Results

Overall, maternal vitamin D intake was associated with lower weight trajectory, lower odds of rapid weight growth and higher odds of childhood overweight. In children of mothers with prepregnancy normal weight, maternal vitamin D intake was negatively associated with weight trajectory and lower OR of a rapid weight growth during the first year, compared with reference (<5 µg/day). Children of mothers with normal weight, with maternal vitamin D intakes of 10–15 and >15 µg/day, also had 0.86 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.97) and 0.88 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.99) lower odds for overweight at 3 years, compared with reference. In contrast, in children of mothers with prepregnancy overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2), vitamin D intake was positively associated with weight trajectory. Children of mothers with overweight, with maternal vitamin D intake of 5–9.9 µg/day, also had (1.09 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.18) and 1.12 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.23)) higher odds for overweight at 5 years and 8 years, compared with reference.

Conclusions

Maternal vitamin D intake affects postnatal growth and is inversely associated with childhood overweight in children of mothers with normal weight. Associations between maternal vitamin D intake and child growth and risk of overweight varied by prepregnancy BMI.
Aspiration risk in relation to Glasgow Coma Scale score and clinical parameters in patients with severe acute alcohol intoxication: a single-centre, retrospective study
Authors: Conzelmann Michael , Hoidis Anne , Bruckner Thomas , Popp Erik , Koschny Ronald
Published: October 2021

Objectives

In alcohol intoxicated patients, the decision for or against airway protection can be challenging and is often based on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Primary aim of this study was to analyse the aspiration risk in relation to the GCS score and clinical parameters in patients with severe acute alcohol monointoxication. Secondary aim was the association between the blood alcohol level and the GCS score.

Setting

Single-centre, retrospective study of alcoholised patients admitted to a German intensive care unit between 2006 and 2020.

Participants

A total of n=411 admissions were eligible for our analysis.

Clinical measures and analysis

The following data were extracted: age, gender, admission time, blood alcohol level, blood glucose level, initial GCS score, GCS score at admission, vital signs, clinical signs of aspiration and airway management measures. The empirical distribution of continuous and categorical data was calculated. Binary multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify possible risk factors for aspiration.

Results

The mean age was 35 years. 72% (n=294) of the admissions were male. The blood alcohol level (mean 2.7 g/L±1.0, maximum 5.9 g/L) did not correlate with the GCS score but with the age of the patient. In univariate analysis, the aspiration risk correlated with blood alcohol level, age, GCS score, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate and blood glucose level and was significantly higher in male patients, on vomiting, and in patients requiring airway measures. Aspiration rate was 45% (n=10) in patients without vs 6% (n=3) in patients with preserved protective reflexes (p=0.0001). In the multivariate analysis, only age and GCS score were significantly associated with the risk of aspiration.

Conclusion

Although in this single-centre, retrospective study the aspiration rate in severe acute alcohol monointoxicated patients correlates with GCS and protective reflexes, the decision for endotracheal intubation might rather be based on the presence of different risk factors for aspiration.
Qualitative study of the acceptability and feasibility of acceptance and commitment therapy for adolescents with chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Clery Philippa , Starbuck Jennifer , Laffan Amanda , Parslow Roxanne Morin , Linney Catherine , Leveret Jamie , Crawley Esther
Published: October 2021

Background

Paediatric chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is disabling and relatively common. Although evidenced-based treatments are available, at least 15% of children remain symptomatic after one year of treatment. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is an alternative therapy option; however, little is known about whether it is an acceptable treatment approach. Our aim was to find out if adolescents who remain symptomatic with CFS/ME after 12 months of treatment would find ACT acceptable, to inform a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of ACT.

Methods

We recruited adolescents (diagnosed with CFS/ME; not recovered after one year of treatment; aged 11–17 years), their parent/carer and healthcare professionals (HCPs) from one specialist UK paediatric CFS/ME service. We conducted semi-structured interviews to explore barriers to recovery; views on current treatments; acceptability of ACT; and feasibility of an effectiveness RCT. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns in data.

Results

Twelve adolescents, eleven parents and seven HCPs were interviewed. All participants thought ACT was acceptable. Participants identified reasons why ACT might be efficacious: pragmatism, acceptance and compassion are valued in chronic illness; values-focussed treatment provides motivation and direction; psychological and physical needs are addressed; normalising difficulties is a useful life-skill. Some adolescents preferred ACT to cognitive behavioural therapy as it encouraged accepting (rather than challenging) thoughts. Most adolescents would consent to an RCT of ACT but a barrier to recruitment was reluctance to randomisation. All HCPs deemed ACT feasible to deliver. Some were concerned patients might confuse ‘acceptance’ with ‘giving up’ and called for clear explanations. All participants thought the timing of ACT should be individualised.

Conclusions

All adolescents with CFS/ME, parents and HCPs thought ACT was acceptable, and most adolescents were willing to try ACT. An RCT needs to solve issues around randomisation and timing of the intervention.
Injury epidemiology in professional football in South America compared with Europe
Authors: Bengtsson Håkan , Ortega Gallo Pablo Alfredo , Ekstrand Jan
Published: October 2021

Objective

To describe the injury epidemiology in professional football in South America and compare it with European professional football.

Methods

Data about football exposures and injury occurrences were registered in Six teams participating in Copa Libertadores in 2016. These teams’ exposure and injury data were compared with teams participating in the UEFA Elite Club Injury Study during the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons.

Results

A total of 271 injuries were reported in the South American cohort representing a training injury incidence of 3.2 (95% CI=2.7 to 3.7) injuries/1000 hours of training exposure and 20.9 (95% CI=17.3 to 25.1) injuries/1000 hours of match exposure. While no differences in muscle injury incidence were observed between South American and European teams, the ligament injury incidence in training among South American teams was significantly higher than European teams (0.6 vs 0.3, RR 1.87, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.87). In addition, a significantly higher proportion of all reported injuries among South American teams than European teams occurred in training.

Conclusions

A larger proportion of injuries occur in training in South American compared with European professional football. Specifically, ligament injuries in training were more frequent among South American teams.
PET/CT scan and biopsy-driven approach for safe anti-PD-1 therapy discontinuation in patients with advanced melanoma
Authors: Gibney Geoffrey T. , Zaemes Jacob , Shand Shelly , Shah Neil J. , Swoboda David , Gardner Kellie , Radfar Arash , Petronic-Rosic Vesna , Reilly Michael J. , Al-Refaie Waddah B. , Rapisuwon Suthee , Atkins Michael B.
Published: October 2021

Background

Limited data exist on safe discontinuation of antiprogrammed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy in responding patients with advanced melanoma. The use of 18fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG)-PET/CT scan and tumor biopsy for assessment of active disease may be an effective predictive biomarker to guide such treatment decisions.

Methods

A retrospective study of 122 patients with advanced melanoma treated with anti-PD-1 monotherapy or anti-PD-1/anticytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 combination therapy at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center was conducted. Uveal melanoma patients and those receiving concurrent experimental therapy were excluded. Baseline characteristics, treatment outcomes, and survival were analyzed. Patients who decided to come off treatment typically after 12 months using CT scan radiographic complete response (CR),18FDG-PET/CT scan complete metabolic response (CMR) or tumor biopsy of a non-CR/CMR tumor site negative for active disease (possible pathological CR) were identified and compared with patients who discontinued treatment due to toxicity while their disease was in control. Event-free survival (EFS) was assessed from the last dose of anti-PD-1 therapy to progression requiring subsequent treatment (surgery, radiation, and/or systemic therapy) or referral to hospice/death due to melanoma.

Results

24 (20%) patients discontinued treatment by choice with no active disease and 28 (23%) patients discontinued treatment due to toxicity with disease control after 12-month and 4-month median treatment durations, respectively. Similar baseline characteristics were observed between cohorts except higher prior receipt of ipilimumab (29% vs 7%; p=0.036) and fewer BRAF mutant positive disease (17% vs 41%; p=0.064) in patients off treatment by choice. Three-year EFS rates were 95% and 71%, respectively. No significant associations between EFS and sex, disease stage, lactate dehydrogenase elevation, BRAF status, prior systemic therapy, ECOG performance status, presence of brain metastases, or combination versus monotherapy were observed. Tumor biopsies led to alternative management in 3/10 patients due to active metastatic melanoma or second malignancy.

Conclusions

Anti-PD-1 therapy discontinuation after 12 months when no active disease is observed on CT scan, PET/CT scan or tumor biopsy may have low rates of disease relapse in patients with advanced melanoma. Biopsy of residual disease may frequently lead to a change in management. These findings are undergoing validation in the EA6192 trial.
Multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of seviprotimut-L polyvalent melanoma vaccine in patients with post-resection melanoma at high risk of recurrence
Authors: Slingluff Craig L , Lewis Karl D , Andtbacka Robert , Hyngstrom John , Milhem Mohammed , Markovic Svetomir N , Bowles Tawnya , Hamid Omid , Hernandez-Aya Leonel , Claveau Joel , Jang Sekwon , Philips Prejesh , Holtan Shernan G , Shaheen Montaser F , Curti Brendan , Schmidt William , Butler Marcus O , Paramo Juan , Lutzky Jose , Padmanabhan Arvinda , Thomas Sajeve , Milton Daniel , Pecora Andrew , Sato Takami , Hsueh Eddy , Badarinath Suprith , Keech John , Kalmadi Sujith , Kumar Pallavi , Weber Robert , Levine Edward , Berger Adam , Bar Anna , Beck J Thaddeus , Travers Jeffrey B , Mihalcioiu Catalin , Gastman Brian , Beitsch Peter , Rapisuwon Suthee , Glaspy John , McCarron Edward C , Gupta Vinay , Behl Deepti , Blumenstein Brent , Peterkin Joanna J
Published: October 2021

Background

Most patients with advanced melanomas relapse after checkpoint blockade therapy. Thus, immunotherapies are needed that can be applied safely early, in the adjuvant setting. Seviprotimut-L is a vaccine containing human melanoma antigens, plus alum. To assess the efficacy of seviprotimut-L, the Melanoma Antigen Vaccine Immunotherapy Study (MAVIS) was initiated as a three-part multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial. Results from part B1 are reported here.

Methods

Patients with AJCC V.7 stage IIB-III cutaneous melanoma after resection were randomized 2:1, with stage stratification (IIB/C, IIIA, IIIB/C), to seviprotimut-L 40 mcg or placebo. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was the primary endpoint. For an hypothesized HR of 0.625, one-sided alpha of 0.10, and power 80%, target enrollment was 325 patients.

Results

For randomized patients (n=347), arms were well-balanced, and treatment-emergent adverse events were similar for seviprotimut-L and placebo. For the primary intent-to-treat endpoint of RFS, the estimated HR was 0.881 (95% CI: 0.629 to 1.233), with stratified logrank p=0.46. However, estimated HRs were not uniform over the stage randomized strata, with HRs (95% CIs) for stages IIB/IIC, IIIA, IIIB/IIIC of 0.67 (95% CI: 0.37 to 1.19), 0.72 (95% CI: 0.35 to 1.50), and 1.19 (95% CI: 0.72 to 1.97), respectively. In the stage IIB/IIC stratum, the effect on RFS was greatest for patients <60 years old (HR=0.324 (95% CI: 0.121 to 0.864)) and those with ulcerated primary melanomas (HR=0.493 (95% CI: 0.255 to 0.952)).

Conclusions

Seviprotimut-L is very well tolerated. Exploratory efficacy model estimation supports further study in stage IIB/IIC patients, especially younger patients and those with ulcerated melanomas.

Trial registration number

NCT01546571.
The First Fatal Case of Capnocytophaga Canimorsus Sepsis Caused by a Cat Scratch
Authors: McLean C. R. , Hargrove R. , Behn E.
Published: October 2021

A case is presented of fatal capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis caused by a neglected cat scratch. Although fatalities are known to occur as a result of sepsis caused by this organism, death following cat scratch transmission has not previously been reported. The case is important as it demonstrates how a seemingly innocuous injury can have devastating consequences that may have been prevented by simple first aid measures.
Receiving Mass Casualties at Sea: The Capabilities of the Primary Casualty Receiving Facility
Authors: Evans G. W. L.
Published: October 2021

Exercise Aurora (May-June 2004) off the eastern Seaboard of the United States provided an opportunity, on several occasions, to test the ability of the PCRF to cope with large numbers of “casualties” arriving simultaneously. This article reviews the role of the PCRF, its facilities and capabilities, and how these are currently utilised to handle mass casualties. Some of the valuable lessons identified from Exercise Aurora are briefly discussed.
The Use of Patient Group Directions in the Royal Naval Medical Services
Authors: Taylor M.
Published: October 2021

As the first primary care nurse practitioner, the author wished to explore the future use of Patient Group Directions (PGD’s) within the Royal Naval Medical Services (RNMS). Extensive investigations carried out within the National Health Service (NHS) have resulted in changes in legislation allowing registered nurses to supply medications using PGD’s. The design and implementation of PGD’s require a cohesive approach of a doctor or dentist, a pharmacist and the lead health care professional. In order that they are implemented in a safe and effective manner all concerned parties must undertake a robust education and training programme. The RNMS will need to address a number of change management issues in order that registered nurses are supported in continuing professional development and PGD’s are adopted as practice
Measurement of Carbon Dioxide Levels during use of ELSA and the Effect of Venting on these Levels
Authors: Dekker B. J. , Heames R. M. , Hughes D. J. , Hett D. A. , Johnston C. G.
Published: October 2021

Title

Measurement of carbon dioxide levels during use of ELSA and the effect of venting on these levels.

Design

A prospective, objective assessment of ELSA use, in order to determine whether venting of the ELSA influences carbon dioxide (CO2) levels.

Primary Endpoint

Inspired and expired CO2 levels.

Setting

On board RFA ARGUS during Operation TELIC.

Methods

10 volunteers had a baseline of inspired and expired CO2 levels taken. These levels were measured at one minute intervals during use of an ELSA in 3 conditions - sitting, jogging and jogging with venting.

Results

There was no difference in expired CO2 levels between baseline and use of ELSA whilst sitting. Periodic venting of the ELSA made no difference to inspired and expired CO2 levels.

Conclusions

Venting of the ELSA during use makes no difference to CO2 levels whether inspired or expired. Therefore, venting is unnecessary and potentially wastes vital time during escape from a smoke-filled compartment and adds additional stress to the escapee.
A Thorn in the Side
Authors: Fries C. A. , Campbell J. K.
Published: October 2021

This case demonstrates the importance of a thorough secondary survey in the management of ballistic injury. It also illustrates the need for systematic use of radiology, and the early management of life threatening conditions - regardless of whether their cause is known.
Mental Health Referrals to the Falkland Islands British Military Mental Health Team, 1986-96
Authors: Micheal G L , Fear N. T. , Hughes J. Hacker
Published: October 2021

Objectives

To examine the pattern of out-patient mental health care referrals for military personnel deployed to the Falklands Islands, 1986-96.

Methods

Data from referral books of British Military Community Mental Health Nurses based in the Falkland Islands were abstracted, entered into an electronic database and analysed.

Results

Over the period 1986-96, 538 Service personnel were referred to the mental health out-patient facility on the Falkland Islands. The majority were male (96%) and junior ranks (81%). Approximately a third of patients were referred for reasons relating to alcohol (31%) and for over two-thirds of patients no follow-up was required (68%). Differences were observed by Service with the Army having more referrals due to alcohol than the other two Services, whilst the Navy had more deliberate self-harm referrals and the RAF more referrals for anxiety.

Conclusions

The lack of information on the total population deployed to the Falkland Islands over this period limit the interpretation of the results.
Effects of phytocannabinoids on heart rate variability and blood pressure variability in female post-concussion syndrome patients: case series
Authors: Singh Jyotpal , Bhagaloo Lanishen , Piskorski Jaroslaw , Neary J. Patrick
Published: October 2021

Cannabidiol (CBD) can exert neuroprotective effects without being intoxicating, and in combination with Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) CBD has shown to protect against THC psychosis. Acute concussion and post-concussion syndrome (PCS) can result in autonomic dysfunction in heart rate variability (HRV), but less information is available on blood pressure variability (BPV). Furthermore, the effects of phytocannabinoids on HRV and BPV in PCS are unknown. The purpose of this study was to observe the influence of daily administration of CBD or a combination of CBD and THC on HRV and BPV parameters in four female PCS participants. Participants completed a seated 5-min rest followed by six breaths-per-minute paced breathing protocol. Data was collected prior to phytocannabinoid intake and continued over 54 to 70 days. High frequency systolic BPV parameter increased every assessment period, unless altered due to external circumstances and symptoms. HRV parameters showed less consistent and varying responses. These results suggest that CBD can help to improve the altered autonomic dysfunction in those with PCS, and that responses to the drug administration was individualized. Double blinded, randomized controlled trials with greater sample sizes are required to better understand the influences of the varying dosages on human physiology and in PCS.
Confirming $$U(1)_{L_\mu -L_{\tau }}$$ as a solution for $$(g-2)_\mu $$ with neutrinos
Authors: Amaral D. W. P. , Cerdeño D. G. , Cheek A. , Foldenauer P.
Published: October 2021

The recent measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment by the Fermilab E989 experiment, when combined with the previous result at BNL, has confirmed the tension with the SM prediction at $$4.2\,\sigma $$

4.2

σ

 CL, strengthening the motivation for new physics in the leptonic sector. Among the different particle physics models that could account for such an excess, a gauged $$U(1)_{L_\mu -L_{\tau }}$$

U

(
1
)

L
μ

-

L
τ

stands out for its simplicity. In this article, we explore how the combination of data from different future probes can help identify the nature of the new physics behind the muon anomalous magnetic moment. In particular, we contrast $$U(1)_{L_\mu -L_{\tau }}$$

U

(
1
)

L
μ

-

L
τ

with an effective $$U(1)_{L_\mu }$$

U

(
1
)

L
μ

-type model. We first show that muon fixed target experiments (such as NA64$$\mu $$
μ
) will be able to measure the coupling of the hidden photon to the muon sector in the region compatible with $$(g-2)_\mu $$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

, and will have some sensitivity to the hidden photon’s mass. We then study how experiments looking for coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$$\nu $$
ν
NS) at spallation sources will provide crucial additional information on the kinetic mixing of the hidden photon. When combined with NA64$$\mu $$
μ
results, the exclusion limits (or reconstructed regions) of future CE$$\nu $$
ν
NS detectors will also allow for a better measurement of the mediator mass. Finally, the observation of nuclear recoils from solar neutrinos in dark matter direct detection experiments will provide unique information about the coupling of the hidden photon to the tau sector. The signal expected for $$U(1)_{L_\mu -L_{\tau }}$$

U

(
1
)

L
μ

-

L
τ

is larger than for $$U(1)_{L_\mu }$$

U

(
1
)

L
μ

with the same kinetic mixing, and future multi-ton liquid xenon proposals (such as DARWIN) have the potential to confirm the former over the latter. We determine the necessary exposure and energy threshold for a potential $$5\,\sigma $$

5

σ

discovery of a $$U(1)_{L_\mu -L_{\tau }}$$

U

(
1
)

L
μ

-

L
τ

boson, and we conclude that the future DARWIN observatory will be able to carry out this measurement if the experimental threshold is lowered to $$1\,{\mathrm {keV}}_{\mathrm {nr}} $$

1

keV
nr

.
MHD double diffusion of a nanofluid within a porous annulus using a time fractional derivative of the ISPH method
Authors: Aly Abdelraheem M. , Yousef A. M. , Alsedais Noura
Published: October 2021

Using an inner complex blockage within a square cavity is spreading massively for the cooling process. This study adopts the time-fractional derivative of the incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method for studying the magnetic field, diffusion-thermo, and thermo-diffusion impacts on the double diffusion of a nanofluid in a porous annulus between a square cavity and an astroid shape. The alterations of the pertinent parameters, fractional derivative order [Formula: see text] between 0.9 and 1, dimensionless time parameter [Formula: see text] between 0 and 0.6, the radius of an astroid [Formula: see text] between 0.1 and 0.45, solid volume fraction [Formula: see text] between 0 and 0.06, Hartman parameter Ha between 0 and 100, Darcy parameter Da between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and Soret number Sr between 0.1 and 2 supplemented by Dufour number Du between 0.6 and 0.03 on the velocity field, temperature, concentration, and mean of Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are discussed. The main findings of the ISPH numerical simulations showed that a decrease in a fractional derivative order [Formula: see text] delivers the sooner steady-state of the double diffusion which suppresses the performed calculations. The velocity field’s maximum powers by 19.23% as [Formula: see text] increases from 0.1 to 0.45 and it decreases by 16.67%, 28.89%, and 97.99% as [Formula: see text] powers from 0 to 0.06, Ha powers from 0 to 100, and Da decreases from 10[Formula: see text] to 10[Formula: see text], respectively. The outlines of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are increasing as [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are increased. A growth in Sr supplemented by a reduction in Du is diminishing the distributed concentration and nanofluid velocity within an annulus.
EFFECT OF LASER POST-TREATMENT ON MICROSTRUCTURAL AND SLIDING WEAR BEHAVIOR OF HVOF-SPRAYED NiCrC AND NiCrSi COATINGS
Authors: NAIK THAVARYA , MATHAPATI MAHANTAYYA , PRASAD C. DURGA , NITHIN H. S. , RAMESH M. R.
Published: October 2021

In this study, NiCrC and NiCrSi coatings are deposited on the MDN 310 steel using High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) process. Laser Surface Melting (LSM) post-heat treatment is carried out on as-sprayed coatings using Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENSTM) with a power of 300[Formula: see text]W. The characteristics of both coatings in terms of mechanical and metallurgical properties have been investigated. The thicknesses of the as-sprayed NiCrC and NiCrSi coatings are in the range of 170–200[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m. Laser-treated NiCrC and NiCrSi coatings exhibit a thickness range of 162–185[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m, respectively. The microstructure of laser-treated NiCrC-300W coating clearly shows a dendrite-like structure, whereas the laser-treated NiCrSi coating exhibits hard layer and columnar homogeneity. Microhardness of as-sprayed NiCrC coating is [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] and that of NiCrSi coating is [Formula: see text] HV[Formula: see text]. Microhardness of laser-treated NiCrC coating is [Formula: see text] HV[Formula: see text] and that of NiCrSi coating is [Formula: see text] HV[Formula: see text]. Dry sliding wear tests are conducted at room temperature (RT) and 400∘C with 10-N and 20-N loads. The wear rates at 400∘C temperature of laser-treated NiCrC and NiCrSi coatings produced are slightly below [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm3/m and [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm3/m, respectively. Laser-treated coatings produced better dry sliding wear behavior compared with as-sprayed coatings owing to dense microstructure. Formation of SiC phase in NiCrSi coating imparts high wear and frictional resistance compared to the NiCrC coating.
PARAMETER’S INVESTIGATION ON Al2O3 CERAMIC USING LASER TURNING
Authors: DESIKAN SRIRAM , GOVINDARAJULU JAYAPRAKASH , DAVID ARULKIRUBAKARAN , NAGARAJAN BAGATHSINGH
Published: October 2021

The investigation deals with the turning of Alumina (Al2[Formula: see text] ceramic using various parameters of the input process. The experimental design has been used based on Taguchi technology to perform the experimentation. Pulse frequency, average laser power, work piece rotational speed and feed rate are the process inputs considered during investigation. The Signal-to-Noise ratio values are used for measuring various outputs. The best amount of spot overlap has been reached with various combined parameter settings. In addition, a better width of the rotational scan has been attained by varying axial feed rate as well as the rotational speed of the work piece. Micro-turned deviation (depth) and machined surface finish at different input parametric combinations were considered as output reactions for machining. During the laser turning operation, analyses learned the effect of overlaps on the various inputs considered for output measurements such as micro-degree deviation and surface roughness. The investigation reveals that the surface finish decreases with an increase in overlap in the circumferential direction and rotation of the work sample. The maximum surface finish is 0.507[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m achieved at a frequency of 5000[Formula: see text]Hz, 300[Formula: see text]rpm work piece cutting speed, 8.5[Formula: see text]W power and 0.4[Formula: see text]mm/s feed.
REACHING TO THE TOP: THE GENDER EFFECT IN HIGHLY-RANKED ACADEMICS IN COMPUTER SCIENCE
Authors: JARAMILLO ANA MARIA , MACEDO MARIANA , MENEZES RONALDO
Published: October 2021

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines are notorious for gender imbalance favouring men. From these, Computer Science appears to among the worst. The imbalance comes despite the fact that, the proportion of women publishing impactful papers has increased over the last couple of decades. Here, we explore the potential gender differences in collaboration dynamics of leading academics in Computer Science and contrast it with other researchers in the same discipline. This work aims to demonstrate that productivity patterns differ between men and women; understanding such patterns is fundamental to improving the current situation by driving well-thought interventions. We start by looking at topological features of academics ego-networks and their variability over their career lifespan; we found that women have a higher rate of repeated collaborators, while men have slightly more new collaborators. Second, we show gender differences in the acquisition patterns and maintenance of collaborations over the researchers’ careers. Third, we look at alters’ gender composition and gender role in introducing new collaborations to researchers and found that women are more homophilic than men and that the gender of the person being introduced (alter) tends to match the gender of the ego (the researcher). Last, we show that women reach their highest productivity levels earlier in their careers than men, but the levels attained are not at the same magnitude as men. Our work highlights the importance of studying gender differences by productivity levels, the role of gender-mixed groups in academia and the relation to academic production within these groups. This work contributes to a better understanding of gender roles in Computer Science and points to ways that can help reduce possible gaps.
Wide Field Beamformed Observation with MeerKAT
Authors: Chen Weiwei , Barr Ewan , Karuppusamy Ramesh , Kramer Michael , Stappers Benjamin
Published: October 2021

Large-scale beamforming with radio interferometers has the potential to revolutionize the science done with pulsars and fast radio bursts by improving the survey efficiency for these sources. We describe a wide-field beamformer for the MeerKAT radio telescope and outline strategies to optimally design such surveys. For software implementation of these techniques, Mosaic is introduced and its application in the MeerKAT telescope is presented. We show initial results using the beamformer by observing a globular cluster to track several pulsars simultaneously and demonstrate the source localization capability of this observation.
Chronic Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide induces adverse myocardial infarction wound healing through activation of CD8+ T cells
Authors: Zaidi Yusra , Corker Alexa , Vasileva Valeriia Y. , Oviedo Kimberly , Graham Connor , Wilson Kyrie , Martino John , Troncoso Miguel , Broughton Philip , Ilatovskaya Daria V. , Lindsey Merry L. , DeLeon-Pennell Kristine Y.
Published: October 2021

Although there is a well-documented link between periodontal disease and heart health, the mechanisms are unclear. Our study indicates that in response to circulating periodontal endotoxins, memory CD8+ T cells are activated, resulting in an acceleration of macrophage-mediated inflammation after MI. Blocking activation of effector CD8+ T cells had no effect on the macrophage numbers or wall thinning at post-MI day 1, indicating that this response was likely due in part to memory CD8+ T cells.
A Joint Optimization Framework of the Embedding Model and Classifier for Meta-Learning
Authors: Liu Zhongyu , Chu Xu , Lu Yan , Yu Wanli , Miao Shuguang , Ding Enjie
Published: October 2021

The aim of meta-learning is to train the machine to learn quickly and accurately. Improving the performance of the meta-learning model is important in solving the problem of small samples and in achieving general artificial intelligence. A meta-learning method based on feature embedding that exhibits good performance on the few-shot problem was previously proposed. In this method, the pretrained deep convolution neural network was used as the embedding model of sample features, and the output of one layer was used as the feature representation of samples. The main limitation of the method is the inability to fuse low-level texture features and high-level semantic features of the embedding model and joint optimization of the embedding model and classifier. Therefore, a multilayer adaptive joint training and optimization method of the embedding model was proposed in the current study. The main characteristics of the current method include using multilayer adaptive hierarchical loss to train the embedding model and using the quantum genetic algorithm to jointly optimize the embedding model and classifier. Validation was performed based on multiple public datasets for meta-learning model testing. The proposed method shows higher accuracy compared with multiple baseline methods.
A Pyramid Architecture‐Based Deep Learning Framework for Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Sui Dong , Liu Weifeng , Chen Jing , Zhao Chunxiao , Ma Xiaoxuan , Guo Maozu , Tian Zhaofeng
Published: October 2021

Breast cancer diagnosis is a critical step in clinical decision making, and this is achieved by making a pathological slide and gives a decision by the doctors, which is the method of final decision making for cancer diagnosis. Traditionally, the doctors usually check the pathological images by visual inspection under the microscope. Whole‐slide images (WSIs) have supported the state‐of‐the‐art diagnosis results and have been admitted as the gold standard clinically. However, this task is time‐consuming and labour‐intensive, and all of these limitations make low efficiency in decision making. Medical image processing protocols have been used for this task during the last decades and have obtained satisfactory results under some conditions; especially in the deep learning era, it has exhibited the advantages than those in the shallow learning period. In this paper, we proposed a novel breast cancer region mining framework based on deep pyramid architecture from multilevel and multiscale breast pathological WSIs. We incorporate the tissue‐ and cell‐level information together and integrate these into a LSTM model for the final sequence modelling, which successfully keeps the WSIs’ integration and is not mentioned by the prevalence frameworks. The experiment results demonstrated that our proposed framework greatly improved the detection accuracy than that only using tissue‐level information.
The Rehabilitation Training Simulation of High Difficulty Movement and Sports Strain Site Based on Big Data
Authors: Zhang Xiaojie , Ma Zhengda , Sun Yongming , Hu Yanle
Published: October 2021

We study the rehabilitation training of damaged parts of ice and snow sports clock and ensure the physical safety of athletes. The results show that the RBF neural network updates the center, weight, and width of the radial basis function, and the predicted maximum compliance is 99%, and the minimum compliance is 93%. After many analysis times, the prediction results show that the difference between the predicted degree of conformity and the actual results is less than 8%. The RBF neural network is trained according to the risk database of sports injury, and the RBF neural network will output corresponding values to realize sports injury estimation. The experimental results show that the designed model has high precision and efficiency.
Trainee Perceptions of Instructional Design in Continuous Online Training and Learning Transfer
Authors: Fauth Fernanda , González-Martínez Juan
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to analyse how a continuous online training course was designed to foster learning transfer and participants’ opinions regarding the design properties themselves, in order to then identify how far these perceived and valued elements allow them to transfer the learning from the course themselves. After determining deductive categories from previous studies, a qualitative analysis of the three data sources was performed, namely, those originating from the guidance documents for the analysed course, as well as a reflective training activity and interviews with the subjects. With the help of the NVivo software and its triangulation, we then determined that the course was indeed designed to foster transfer and that its evaluation by course participants and the incidence of the design elements remains the same regardless of whether the content has been transferred or not. This confirms the general theory that when a course is well oriented towards fostering transfer, even in the context of continuous and online ICT training for teachers, it enables the transfer of immediate learning, especially when emphasis is placed on training activities that reflect on practice.
Development and Validation of the Quantification Method for Hydroxychloroquine in Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS) Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array
Authors: Harahap Yahdiana , Rohadatul ‘Aisy Siti Ardyanti , Maggadani Baitha Palanggatan
Published: October 2021

Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug used for systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and malaria treatment. However, hydroxychloroquine has several side effects such as ocular toxicity, neurotoxicity, gastrointestinal disorder, and also severe toxicity such as cardiotoxicity. Therefore, therapeutic drug monitoring of high dose or long-term use of hydroxychloroquine is needed. This study aims to obtain an optimum and validated analysis and preparation method for hydroxychloroquine in volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) using the high-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detector based on the Food and Drug Administration guidelines (2018). Hydroxychloroquine quantification was performed using HPLC-PDA with Waters Sunfire™ C18 (5 µm; 250 × 4,6 mm) column. Mobile phase consists of acetonitrile-diethylamine 1% (65 : 35, v/v) (isocratic elution) and delivered at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min throughout the 12 minutes run. Sample in VAMS is extracted by liquid-liquid extraction with ammonia 1% and n-hexane-ethyl acetate (50 : 50 v/v) as a extraction solvent. This method has successfully qualified the Food and Drug Administration (2018) parameters, with 2 ng/mL of LLOQ, range of calibration curve 2–6500 ng/mL, and coefficient of correlation 0.9993–0.9997.
Design and Testing of Automatic Machine Translation System Based on Chinese-English Phrase Translation
Authors: Ning Jing , Ban Haidong
Published: October 2021

With the development of linguistics and the improvement of computer performance, the effect of machine translation is getting better and better, and it is widely used. The automatic expression translation method based on the Chinese-English machine takes short sentences as the basic translation unit and makes full use of the order of short sentences. Compared with word-based statistical machine translation methods, the effect is greatly improved. The performance of machine translation is constantly improving. This article aims to study the design of phrase-based automatic machine translation systems by introducing machine translation methods and Chinese-English phrase translation, explore the design and testing of machine automatic translation systems based on the combination of Chinese-English phrase translation, and explain the role of machine automatic translation in promoting the development of translation. In this article, through the combination of machine translation experiments and machine automatic translation system design methods, the design and testing of machine automatic translation systems based on Chinese-English phrase translation combinations are studied to cultivate people's understanding of language, knowledge, and intelligence and then help solve other problems. Language processing issues promote the development of corpus linguistics. The experimental results in this article show that when the Chinese-English phrase translation probability table is changed from 82% to 51%, the BLEU translation evaluation system for the combination of Chinese-English phrases is improved. Automatic machine translation saves time and energy of translation work, which shows that machine translation shows its advantages due to its short development cycle and easy processing of large-scale corpora.
Taenia solium in the Anterior Chamber: Surgical Management of a Rare Case of Live Free-Floating Parasite
Authors: Banstola Amrit , Singh Sweta , Maharjan Sarita , Lamichhane Gyanendra , Khatri Anadi
Published: October 2021

Ocular cysticercosis is a preventable cause of blindness. It is a parasitic infestation caused by Cysticercus cellulosae—which is the larval form of Taenia solium. In 1829, Soemmering reported the first case of a live anterior chamber cysticercosis. In the following, we report a rare case of a 13-year-old male who presented with a live adult Taenia solium in the anterior chamber without any systemic features and its successful management.