bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance assessment of interpolation techniques for optimal areal rainfall–temperature estimation: the case of two contrasting river catchments, Akaki and Mille, in Ethiopia
Authors: Bati Hirpo Gudeta , Tegaye Tenalem Ayenew , Agumassie Tena Alemirew
Published: July 2022

In the topographic complex catchments, landscape features have a significant impact on the spatial prediction of rainfall and temperature. In this study, performance assessments were made of various interpolation techniques for the prediction of the spatial distribution of rainfall and temperature in the Mille and Akaki River catchments, Ethiopia, through an improved approach on selecting the auxiliary variables as a covariate. Two geostatistical interpolation techniques, ordinary kriging (OK) and kriging with external drift (KED), and one deterministic interpolation technique, inverse distance weighting (IDW), were tested through a leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) procedure. The results indicated that using the multivariate geostatistical interpolation technique (KED) with the auxiliary variables as a covsariate outperformed the univariate geostatistical (OK) and deterministic (IDW) techniques for the spatial interpolation of sampled rainfall–temperature data in both contrasting catchments, Akaki and Mille, with the lowest estimation errors (e.g., for Mille annual mean rainfall: root mean square error=75.32, 77.34, 245.72, mean bias error=3.70, −33.18, −15.61, mean absolute error=67.99, 69.51, 192.64) using KED with the combination of elevation and easting as a covariate, IDW and OK, respectively. Thus, the study confirmed that the use of elevation and easting/northing coordinates as predictors in geostatistical interpolation techniques could significantly improve the spatial prediction of climatic variables.
A systematic quantitative review on the performance of some of the recent short-term rainfall forecasting techniques
Authors: Ashok Shejule Priya , Pekkat Sreeja
Published: July 2022

Rainfall forecasting is a high-priority research problem due to the complex interplay of multiple factors. Despite extensive studies, a systematic quantitative review of recent developments in rainfall forecasting is lacking in the literature. This study conducted a systematic quantitative review of statistical, numerical weather prediction (NWP) and machine learning (ML) techniques for rainfall forecasting. The review adopted the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) technique for screening keywords and abstracts, leading to 110 qualified papers from multiple databases. The impact of rainfall threshold, meteorological parameters, topography, algorithm techniques, geographic location, the horizontal resolution of the model, and lead time on rainfall forecast was examined. The review shows the importance of precipitable water vapor (PWV) along with other meteorological parameters for accurate nowcasting in coastal and mountainous regions. An increase in rainfall forecast uncertainty with an increase in the lead time makes the NWP model less popular for the short-term forecast. The pre-processing techniques increased the accuracy of ML techniques by considering extreme values and detecting the irregularly distributed multi-scale features of rainfall in space and time. Future research can focus on hybrid models with improved accuracy for nowcasting. The output from the hybrid model serves as input for the decision support system required for urban flood risk management.
Analysis of packaged drinking water use in Indonesia in the last decades: trends, socio-economic determinants, and safety aspect
Authors: Ikhsan Arman Nur , Thohira Morrin Choirunnisa , Daniel D.
Published: July 2022

This study combines multiple data and analyses to gain insights into the trend of the use of packaged drinking water (PDW) in Indonesia, including the national survey to analyze the trends of PDW consumption, the Demographic Health Survey data to discover the socio-economic determinants of PDW consumption, and the systematic literature review to assess the quality and safety of PDW. The increasing rate of PDW consumption per year in Indonesia was 1.24% from 2000 to 2020 annually, and 50% of the Indonesian population is predicted to consume PDW in 2026. The increasing use of PDW in Indonesia was significantly associated with the economic growth of the country, i.e., proxied by the gross domestic product and urban population. Moreover, the use of PDW by households was significantly associated with the age of the household head, mother's educational level, father's educational level, wealth index, types of residence, regions, and types of toilet facility. The findings suggest that young people in urban areas would dominate the PDW consumer in Indonesia. Additionally, previous studies indicated that PDW in Indonesia is often contaminated. Thus, this study underlines the need to improve the quality and safety aspects of PDW to minimize its negative health effects.
Circulating Genotypes of Hepatitis C Virus in Italian Patients before and after the Application of Wider Access Criteria to HCV Treatment
Authors: Zago Daniela , Pozzetto Irene , Pacenti Monia , Brancaccio Giuseppina , Ragolia Silvia , Basso Monica , Parisi Saverio Giuseppe
Published: July 2022

Aims:

The aims of this study were to report a description of the HCV genotype distribution in adult Italians and non-Italians subjects tested in the Microbiology and Virology Unit of the Padova University Hospital from January 2016 (after about one year from the availability of DAAs) to December 2018 and to compare genotype frequencies in the 12-month period before and after the application of the wider access criteria to HCV treatment.

Background:

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major health problem, but the availability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has dramatically changed HCV disease natural history because these drugs have excellent tolerability and they can eliminate the virus in almost all treated patients.

Objective:

The objective was to describe the circulating HCV genotypes in high-income countries in order to help health authorities in the future organization of DAAs treatment strategies; this aspect is not limited to drug prescription, but it also includes the identification of infected individuals who are undiagnosed, which is the limiting step to achieve the HCV elimination goal.

Methods:

Adult patients who had HCV genotype performed from 01/01/16 to 31/12/18 in the Microbiology and Virology Unit of the Padova University Hospital were included in the study: the two 12-month periods were April 2016-March 2017 (before period, BEF) and April 2017-March 2018 (after period, AFT).

Results:

Italians were 2168 (91.2%) and non-Italians were 208 (8.8%). Italians median age was 55 years, and females were older. Italians had a lower genotype 1 (p=0.0012) and higher genotype 2 frequencies (p<0.0001) with respect to non-Italians. Most patients aged 38-67 years: Italians were more represented in class age 48-57 years (p=0.0138), 68-77 years (p=0.001) and ≥78 years (p<0.0001); subjects with genotype 3 were the youngest and those with genotype 2 the oldest. Italian patients typed in the AFT and BEF were comparable; only a lower frequency of genotype 1 males and younger age in genotype 3 were found in AFT.

Conclusion:

Italians were older with respect to non-Italians, which implies that a different age based screening program could be applied. Italian genotype 3 subjects represent a cohort to focus on for the risk of therapeutic failure. Patients tested after the extended criteria for HCV treatment were very similar to those tested before, suggesting that HCV burden in Italians is higher than expected.
Village Potential Mapping Based on Development Village Index (DVI)
Authors: Sugiono Sugiono , N. Cahyawati Amanda , E. Swara Suluh
Published: July 2022

The independence of the nation's economy depends very much on empowering the rural economy based on its potential. The purpose of this paper is to find out the potential and economic problems of a village based on the Study of Development Village Index (DVI) as the basis for the analysis of sustainable economic development. Exploratory method is used in this research to understand the value of DVI related to village potential mapping. The first step in progress is to do literature studies on village index building and village economic empowerment. Next activity is a survey to collect data based on 6 measuring variables and 12 indicators from the village ministry. Tepas villages, sub district Kesamben, Blitar is one example of applying rural economic development based on its potential mapping. From result of measurement of economic resilience variable got Economic Index (EI) equal to = 0,665. There are several indicators that need to be improved to improve the village economy such as logistic services, banking and village transportation. It can be concluded that the improvement of economic activity in the future is in the form of increasing the smooth flow of goods and services either through the provision of logistic services and the procurement of rural transportation.
Detection of Depression Severity Using Bengali Social Media Posts on Mental Health: Study Using Natural Language Processing Techniques
Authors: Kabir Muhammad Khubayeeb , Islam Maisha , Kabir Anika Nahian Binte , Haque Adiba , Rhaman Md Khalilur
Published: July 2022

Background

There are a myriad of language cues that indicate depression in written texts, and natural language processing (NLP) researchers have proven the ability of machine learning and deep learning approaches to detect these cues. However, to date, these approaches bridging NLP and the domain of mental health for Bengali literature are not comprehensive. The Bengali-speaking population can express emotions in their native language in greater detail.

Objective

Our goal is to detect the severity of depression using Bengali texts by generating a novel Bengali corpus of depressive posts. We collaborated with mental health experts to generate a clinically sound labeling scheme and an annotated corpus to train machine learning and deep learning models.

Methods

We conducted a study using Bengali text-based data from blogs and open source platforms. We constructed a procedure for annotated corpus generation and extraction of textual information from Bengali literature for predictive analysis. We developed our own structured data set and designed a clinically sound labeling scheme with the help of mental health professionals, adhering to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) during the process. We used 5 machine learning models for detecting the severity of depression: kernel support vector machine (SVM), random forest, logistic regression K-nearest neighbor (KNN), and complement naive Bayes (NB). For the deep learning approach, we used long short-term memory (LSTM) units and gated recurrent units (GRUs) coupled with convolutional blocks or self-attention layers. Finally, we aimed for enhanced outcomes by using state-of-the-art pretrained language models.

Results

The independent recurrent neural network (RNN) models yielded the highest accuracies and weighted F1 scores. GRUs, in particular, produced 81% accuracy. The hybrid architectures could not surpass the RNNs in terms of performance. Kernel SVM with term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) embeddings generated 78% accuracy on test data. We used validation and training loss curves to observe and report the performance of our architectures. Overall, the number of available data remained the limitation of our experiment.

Conclusions

The findings from our experimental setup indicate that machine learning and deep learning models are fairly capable of assessing the severity of mental health issues from texts. For the future, we suggest more research endeavors to increase the volume of Bengali text data, in particular, so that modern architectures reach improved generalization capability.
Self-management Interventions for People With Parkinson Disease: Scoping Review
Authors: Milne-Ives Madison , Carroll Camille , Meinert Edward
Published: July 2022

Background

Parkinson disease can impose substantial distress and costs on patients, their families and caregivers, and health care systems. To address these burdens for families and health care systems, there is a need to better support patient self-management. To achieve this, an overview of the current state of the literature on self-management is needed to identify what is being done, how well it is working, and what might be missing.

Objective

The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview of the current body of research on self-management interventions for people with Parkinson disease and identify any knowledge gaps.

Methods

The PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) and Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, and Study type frameworks were used to structure the methodology of the review. Due to time and resource constraints, 1 reviewer systematically searched 4 databases (PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science) for the evaluations of self-management interventions for Parkinson disease published in English. The references were screened using the EndNote X9 citation management software, titles and abstracts were manually reviewed, and studies were selected for inclusion based on the eligibility criteria. Data were extracted into a pre-established form and synthesized in a descriptive analysis.

Results

There was variation among the studies on study design, sample size, intervention type, and outcomes measured. The randomized controlled trials had the strongest evidence of effectiveness: 5 out of 8 randomized controlled trials found a significant difference between groups favoring the intervention on their primary outcome, and the remaining 3 had significant effects on at least some of the secondary outcomes. The 2 interventions included in the review that targeted mental health outcomes both found significant changes over time, and the 3 algorithms evaluated performed well. The remaining studies examined patient perceptions, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness and found generally positive results.

Conclusions

This scoping review identified a wide variety of interventions designed to support various aspects of self-management for people with Parkinson disease. The studies all generally reported positive results, and although the strength of the evidence varied, it suggests that self-management interventions are promising for improving the care and outcomes of people with Parkinson disease. However, the research tended to focus on the motor aspects of Parkinson disease, with few nonmotor or holistic interventions, and there was a lack of evaluation of cost-effectiveness. This research will be important to providing self-management interventions that meet the varied and diverse needs of people with Parkinson disease and determining which interventions are worth promoting for widespread adoption.
Worldwide Presence of National Anesthesia Societies on Four Major Social Networks in 2021: Observational Case Study (Preprint)
Authors: Clavier Thomas , Occhiali Emilie , Guenet Claire , Vannier Naurine , Hache Camille , Compere Vincent , Selim Jean , Besnier Emmanuel
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Although the presence of medical societies on social networks (SNs) could be interesting for disseminating professional information, there is no study investigating their presence on SNs.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this viewpoint is to describe the worldwide presence and activity of national anesthesia societies on SNs.

METHODS

This observational study assessed the active presence (≥1 post in the year preceding the collection date) of the World Federation of Societies of Anesthesiologists member societies on the SNs Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube. We collected data concerning each anesthesia society on the World Federation of Societies of Anesthesiologists website.

RESULTS

Among the 136 societies, 66 (48.5%) had an active presence on at least one SN. The most used SN was Facebook (n=60, 44.1%), followed by Twitter (n=37, 27.2%), YouTube (n=26, 19.1%), and Instagram (n=16, 11.8%). The SN with the largest number of followers was Facebook for 52 (78.8%) societies and Twitter for 12 (18.2%) societies. The number of followers was 361 (IQR 75-1806) on Twitter, 2494 (IQR 1049-5369) on Facebook, 1400 (IQR 303-3058) on Instagram, and 214 (IQR 33-955) on YouTube. There was a strong correlation between the number of posts and the number of followers on Twitter (r=0.95, 95% CI 0.91-0.97; P<.001), Instagram (r=0.83, 95% CI 0.58-0.94; P<.001), and YouTube (r=0.69, 95% CI 0.42-0.85; P<.001). According to the density of anesthetists in the country, there was no difference between societies with and without active SN accounts.

CONCLUSIONS

Less than half of national anesthesia societies have at least one active account on SNs. Twitter and Facebook are the most used SNs.
Quality Assessment of Digital Health Applications: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Giebel Godwin Denk , Schrader Nils Frederik , Speckemeier Christian , Abels Carina , Börchers Kirstin , Wasem Jürgen , Blase Nikola , Neusser Silke
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

All over the world, development and usage of mobile health (mHealth) apps is increasing. While apps offer numerous opportunities to improve health care, there are associated problems that differ significantly from those of traditional health care services. Further investigations on the quality of mHealth apps are needed to address these problems.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify and map research on quality assessment and quality assurance of mHealth apps and their transferability to continuous quality assurance of mHealth apps.

METHODS

The scoping review will follow published methodological frameworks for scoping studies as well as Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews criteria. Electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO), reference lists of relevant articles, and websites of relevant institutions will be searched. Two reviewers will independently assess eligibility of articles. Therefore, a 2-stage (title and abstract, followed by full text) screening process was conducted. Quality management systems and quality assessment tools will be analyzed and included in our review. Particular focus is placed on quality dimensions.

RESULTS

This scoping review provides an overview of the available evidence and identifies research gaps regarding continuous quality assessment of mHealth apps. Thereby, relevant quality dimensions and criteria can be identified and their eligibility and relevance for the development of a continuous quality assurance system of mHealth apps can be determined. Our results are planned to be submitted to an indexed, peer-reviewed journal in the second half of 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first review in the context of continuous quality assurance of mHealth apps. Our results will be used within the research “Continuous quality assurance of Digital Health Applications” (“QuaSiApps”) project funded by the German Federal Joint Committee.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/36974
Antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections through telehealth consultations: A retrospective study in Australian general practice. (Preprint)
Authors: Imai Chisato , Amin Janaki , Prgomet Mirela , Pearce Christopher , Georgiou Andrew
Published: July 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

NA. This is a research letter not requiring abstract
Measures of Behavior and Life Dynamics from Commonly Available GPS Data (DPLocate): Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Rahimi Eichi Habiballah , Coombs III Garth , Onnela Jukka-Pekka , Baker Justin T. , Buckner Randy L.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Locations of people moving about their lives are now commonly tracked through smartphones and wearable devices that access the Global Positioning System (GPS). Immediate measures include the estimated locations that identify visited map points and the travel paths between them. Recent studies suggest that the monitoring and classification of individuals’ locations during daily routines provide accessible measures of human behavior.

OBJECTIVE

Here we introduce DPLocate, an open-source GPS data analysis pipeline designed to derive measures that abstract away from the original locations (and hence the identity of the individuals) and capture dynamics related to social, vocational, sleep, and clinical behaviors.

METHODS

We divide derived measures into primary and secondary. Primarily derived measures stay close to the original location data and extract deidentified metrics, including distance traveled, time spent at the main locations, and estimates of travel activity (entropy). Secondary derived measures estimate life patterns that are captured incidentally by extracting returns to the Points of Interest (POIs) in behaviorally-relevant time-bands. For example, measures of behavioral dynamics and social interactions can be gleaned by estimating the time spent in POIs across day, evening, night, and late-night time-bands.

RESULTS

The utility of these derived measures for research is illustrated in college students and for clinical monitoring in individuals living with psychiatric disorders. Captured dynamics included behavioral transitions at the onset of the Covid-19 lockdown. Limitations of derived data are discussed, including the necessity to protect derived data from identification and possible ways in which the derived data might be misinterpreted.

CONCLUSIONS

The DPLocate pipeline provides a powerful tool to analyze intermittent GPS data and extract behavioral patterns of individuals based on their relocation.
When People With Chronic Conditions Turn to Peers on Social Media to Obtain and Share Information: Systematic Review of the Implications for Relationships With Health Care Professionals (Preprint)
Authors: Kjærulff Emilie Mølholm , Andersen Tue Helms , Kingod Natasja , Nexø Mette Andersen
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

People living with chronic conditions such as diabetes turn to peers on social media to obtain and share information. Although social media use has grown dramatically in the past decade, little is known about its implications for the relationships between people with chronic conditions and health care professionals (HCPs).

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to systematically review the content and quality of studies examining what the retrieval and sharing of information by people with chronic conditions on social media implies for their relationships with HCPs.

METHODS

We conducted a search of studies in MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), and CINAHL (EBSCO). Eligible studies were primary studies; examined social media use; included adults with any type of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases that are closely linked with diabetes, obesity, hypertension, or dyslipidemia; and reported on the implications for people with chronic conditions–HCP relationships when people with chronic conditions access and share information on social media. We used the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool version 2018 to assess the quality of the studies, and the included studies were narratively synthesized.

RESULTS

Of the 3111 screened studies, 17 (0.55%) were included. Most studies (13/17, 76%) were of low quality. The narrative synthesis identified implications for people with chronic conditions–HCP relationships when people with chronic conditions access and share information on social media, divided into 3 main categories with 7 subcategories. These categories of implications address how the peer interactions of people with chronic conditions on social media can influence their communication with HCPs, how people with chronic conditions discuss advice and medical information from HCPs on social media, and how relationships with HCPs are discussed by people with chronic conditions on social media. The implications are illustrated collectively in a conceptual model.

CONCLUSIONS

More evidence is needed to draw conclusions, but the findings indicate that the peer interactions of people with chronic conditions on social media are implicated in the ways in which people with chronic conditions equip themselves for clinical consultations, evaluate the information and advice provided by HCPs, and manage their relationships with HCPs. Future populations with chronic conditions will be raised in a digital world, and social media will likely remain a strategy for obtaining support and information. However, the generally low quality of the studies included in this review points to the relatively immature state of research exploring social media and its implications for people with chronic conditions–HCP relationships. Better study designs and methods for conducting research on social media are needed to generate robust evidence.
Pelatihan Penulisan Cerita Lokal Bergenre Magis di Komunitas Sastra Darussalam
Authors: Faruk Faruk , Manshur Fadlil Munawwar
Published: July 2022

The third-year of service activities (2021) at the Komunitas Sastra Darussalam were centered on training in writing local stories of the magical genre. Komunitas Sastra Darussalam has the potential to maximize the pesantren’s cultural background as the basis for their writing, such as through the genre of magical realism which is considered very close to their lives. Through training and mentoring held by the service community team, it is expected that they will ignite their ability to continue developing to compete at the national or global level. In the first year (2019), activities are focused on developing story ideas that produce mini-fictions about life with a pesantren background. In the second year (2020), service participants received training on writing realism genre literary works. So, in the third year (2021), the activities focused on the story’s substance, that is rewriting local stories (folklore) with the magical genre. From this training and mentoring that has been carried out, it was found that the tendency of writing local stories by KSD writers has shown its magical side. The stories explored by the participants were quite diverse, not only tending to explore local stories, but the participants also showed their tendencies as a pesantren community, some of them took stories with a magical substance that developed in Islam.
Folktale 'Wendit' as the material staging the local folktale of Malang in effort to accomplish an international collaboration
Authors: Setyaningrum Rina Wahyu , Gusdian Rosalin Ismayoeng , Lestiono Riski
Published: July 2022

This community service program focused on assisting SD Aisyiyah Kota Malang to play a virtual drama entitled ‘The Tale of Wendit' as the material staging the local folktale of Malang in effort to accomplish an international collaboration with Dajeong School Korea.  The community service was carried out by sharing session about virtual drama performance, casting, rehearsals, videotaping, video launching, and virtual drama performance to teachers and students of Dajeong Primary School, Korea. Every session provided both English for Young Learners’ teachers and students opportunities to practice their reading and speaking for the performance. Besides, they also learned how to deal with digital platforms used for the rehearsal and virtual performance. The findings revealed that it was possible for teachers and students to include literature in English for Young Learners (EYL) learning in this digital era. During this pandemic, virtual drama performance can be carried out in primary school which has similar characteristics with the school where the community service was conducted.
Preliminary Research for Developing a Pattern Identification Tool for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Hong Sung-eun , Park Ji-won , Shin Jeong-won , Kil Jung-eun , Kim Kwan-il , Bu Yung-min , Jung Hee-jae , Lee Beom-joon
Published: July 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a standard tool for identifying idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patterns.Methods: Textbooks, published literature, and references with comments on patterns were reviewed. Using the Delphi method, we determined pattern identification based on the advice of a committee consisting of 11 Korean respiratory internal medicine professors.Results: Four pattern identifications were selected by the Delphi method: qi difficiency (氣虛), yin difficiency (陰虛), phlegm dampness (痰飮), blood stasis (瘀血). The tool was developed in a question-and-answer format containing 38 questions.Conclusions: An IPF pattern identification tool that can analyze IPF patterns for standardized diagnostics was developed with the consent of experts. Further research is needed on its reliability.
A Case Report of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Treated with Modified Guibi-tang
Authors: Park Su Bin , Yoon Jee-Hyun , Kim Eun Hye , Yoon Seong Woo
Published: July 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to report the effectiveness of modified Guibi-tang in a patient suffering from chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN).Methods: A 54-year-old Korean female patient diagnosed with recurrent ovarian cancer had CIPN with other symptoms, such as anorexia, dyspepsia, insomnia, etc. She was diagnosed with Simbiyangheo and hence treated with a modified Guibi-tang. Neuropathic symptoms were assessed using a numerical rating scale (NRS) and a sensory score. Quality of life was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group Neurotoxicity (FACT/GOG-Ntx).Results: After 14 days of treatment, the patients showed a decrease in NRS for bilateral limb pain and improvement in other symptoms, such as general weakness, insomnia, dizziness, and headache. Quality of life also increased.Conclusion: Modified Guibi-tang may be considered an optional treatment for CIPN if the patient is diagnosed with Simbiyangheo. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Towards Quantum Advantage in Financial Market Risk using Quantum Gradient Algorithms
Authors: Stamatopoulos Nikitas , Mazzola Guglielmo , Woerner Stefan , Zeng William J.
Published: July 2022

We introduce a quantum algorithm to compute the market risk of financial derivatives. Previous work has shown that quantum amplitude estimation can accelerate derivative pricing quadratically in the target error and we extend this to a quadratic error scaling advantage in market risk computation. We show that employing quantum gradient estimation algorithms can deliver a further quadratic advantage in the number of the associated market sensitivities, usually called greeks. By numerically simulating the quantum gradient estimation algorithms on financial derivatives of practical interest, we demonstrate that not only can we successfully estimate the greeks in the examples studied, but that the resource requirements can be significantly lower in practice than what is expected by theoretical complexity bounds. This additional advantage in the computation of financial market risk lowers the estimated logical clock rate required for financial quantum advantage from Chakrabarti et al. [Quantum 5, 463 (2021)] by a factor of ~7, from 50MHz to 7MHz, even for a modest number of greeks by industry standards (four). Moreover, we show that if we have access to enough resources, the quantum algorithm can be parallelized across 60 QPUs, in which case the logical clock rate of each device required to achieve the same overall runtime as the serial execution would be ~100kHz. Throughout this work, we summarize and compare several different combinations of quantum and classical approaches that could be used for computing the market risk of financial derivatives.
Optimization of channels and I-shaped bended closed profiles with perforated walls
Authors: Marutyan Alexander S.
Published: July 2022

The article presents a continuation of the optimization of channel and I-shaped bended closed profiles (BCP) with tubular flanges and perforated walls made of rolled sheet products of both equal and different thicknesses. Such profiles are designed for light steel thin-walled structures (LSWS), which are distinguished by improved technical and economic indicators and mass demand in industrial and civil construction, which confirms the relevance of their further development. The purpose of the study is to show that the characteristics of LSWS can be further improved by shaping profiles, combining straight and round outlines of closed and open contours in a composite section, including their perforation. Through experimental design studies, solving optimization problems and variant design of the BCP, their design sections with a maximum margin of bending strength with a minimum mass have been refined. The originality of technical solutions is confirmed by patent examination. The channel BCP has extreme weight and strength with a relative height of cutouts in the wall of 1/1.87 and a ratio of width and height dimensions of 1/4.32. When the thickness of the shelves is 2 times the wall thickness, the strength and mass of the I-shaped BCP are extreme at a relative height of cutouts of 1/1.23 and a ratio of dimensions of 1/4.17, and when the thickness of the shelves is 0.6 of the wall thickness, the strength and mass of the BCP are extreme with a cutout height of 1/1.73 and a size ratio of 1/5.22. If the thicknesses of the shelves and the wall are equal, then the strength and mass of the BCP is extreme at a cutout height of 1/1.46 and a size ratio of 1/3.17.
Properties of dispersed fibers for efficient concrete reinforcement
Authors: Markovich Alexey S. , Miloserdova Darya A.
Published: July 2022

The question of increasing the reliability and durability of reinforced concrete structures is a priority. One of the ways to increase the strength of concrete is using of dispersed reinforcement. The interest of using of fiber-reinforced concrete in Russia, as well as in Europe, Asia and the USA has increased significantly in recent ten years. The improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of concrete is noted to depend on the reinforcement parameters, such as the volume content of the fiber, the characteristics of the dispersed reinforcement, the structure of the concrete matrix, etc. Authors consider various types of fibers for dispersed concrete reinforcement, specifically polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, acrylic, polyester, cotton, asbestos, glass, basalt, steel, carbon. Description of the main advantages and disadvantages of each type of fiber is given. Comparative characteristics are presented in terms of density, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, elongation at fracture of the materials used to manufacture the fiber. The influence of fibers on crack strength of fiber-reinforced concrete under impact loads is studied. Analytical review of existing works found that it is possible to achieve a significant increase of strength of fiber-reinforced concrete in axial compression, tension, tension in bending, shear compared to ordinary heavy concrete.
Linguosensorics of Death Symbols in Marina Tsvetaeva’s “Poem of Air”: to the 130-th Poetess’s Anniversary
Authors: Yakushevich Irina V.
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the linguistic organization of the two main symbolic situations of the poem - “crossing the celestial sea”, “overcoming the other three celestial spheres and reaching the firmament”. The study was conducted in line with one of the newest branches of linguistics - linvosensory, which studies the verbalization of interoceptive (internal) and proprioceptive (coordination and position in space) sensations. The main method of research is to consider the signifying symbol, its figurative component, as the result of not only external, but also internal perception, considered in the dynamics of sequential (plot) development. The impulse was a draft writing of the poetess about the “disembodication” of the lyrical heroine. The aim of the study is to determine how the linguistic means of the poem convey the internal physiological sensations of death through the images of extraperception. As a result, it was found that the signifier of the symbolic situation “crossing the celestial sea” visualizes such inner feelings as overcoming gravity, coordination of vertical flight, the density of the environment. The signifier is analyzed as part of the lexical paradigm of both individual lexemes and phrases, and sentences united by a common seme ‘water’. Among the linguistic means that formalize the image of the vertical sea, there are metaphors, comparisons, mythologems, semanticized roots -liv-i-lei-, -swim-and-splash-. The signifier of the symbolic situation “overcoming 3, 5 air and firmament” calls only the odd “heaven”. They symbolize the last three breaths of the dying heroine. Archisemes are ‘cut’ (“third air”), ‘sound’ (“fifth air”) and ‘attraction upward’ (“firmament”). All internal sensations are correlated with the five stages of asphyxia. Of particular importance for the objectification of conclusions are biographical information about the time of writing the poem.
Semantic Potential of the Word: by the Material of the Mythologem of the Holy Marriage of Heaven and Earth
Authors: Vladimirova Tatyana E.
Published: July 2022

The study of the initial semantics of the word and its further development in the history of the language and its speakers, undoubtedly, belongs to the number of topical problems of modern semasiology. Of particular research interest is the disclosure of the historical and etymological origins of the word, which largely predetermine its further development. The focus of this article is the East Slavic mythologeme of the sacred marriage of Heaven-father and Earthmother, the semantics of which has absorbed the sacred mode of pagan existence and Christian value ideas. The material of the study was the myths and proverbs of closely related Belarusian, Rusyn, Russian and Ukrainian languages, which go back to the East Slavic mythologeme of the sacred marriage of Heaven-father and Earth-mother and preserve a common cultural and semantic memory. The undertaken consideration of this mythologeme against the background of the Greek myths about the “beginning of the world” made it possible to characterize its original historical, etymological, ethical and aesthetic features. As a result, an appeal to the history of the word from the standpoint of the concept of evolving consciousness G.G. Shpet led to the conclusion about the special role of cultural memory, which accumulates the accumulated experience of the existence of the word and thereby increases its semantic potential.
«Every one of their cases is against the Koran and Sharia, and therefore against the government». About the Bubi brothers’ court case
Authors:   Institute of the Tatar Encyclopedia and Regional Studies of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Davlet Lilia Sh.
Published: July 2022

On May 28, 1912, in the city of Sarapul, Vyatka province, a court session was held in the case of the Bubi brothers. A report about him was published in the newspaper “Yulduz” on May 27, May 31, June 3, 1912, and in Cyrillic in the collection “Bertugan Bubyylar һәm Izh-Buby madrәsәse” (1999). The author translated this material into Russian. In the introduction, he analyzes the nature of the report: the journalist speaks very favorably towards the enlightenment brothers and caustically ridicules Ishmi-ishan, notorious for his attacks on the Jadids. The text of the report allows you to feel the mood of the liberal part of the Tatar society of that time, the attitude of the Russian population of the region to the problems of the Tatar neighbors.
After the exhibition “Lessons of Bubi brothers” in the Museum of Islamic Culture
Authors:   Museum of Islamic Culture – a structural subdivision of the Museum-Reserve “Kazan Kremlin”, Nizamiev Ilnur I.
Published: July 2022

The mission of the Museum of Islamic Culture in the Kazan Kremlin is to popularize the heritage of Tatar educators and theologians. The Nigmatullin-Bubi brothers are among those whose contribution to the development and reform of Muslim education is presented both in the main exposition and as part of temporary exhibitions. The article discusses the exhibition presented to the general public in 2021–2022 in connection with the anniversaries of both the brothers Gabdulla and Gubaidulla Nigmatullin-Bubi themselves, and since the founding of the madrasah in Izh-Bobya (240 years). The article presents the concept of the exhibition, the stages of preparing the exposition, and identifies the main partners.
Contribution of Kazakh scientist Alkey Margulan to the Historical Science of Kazakhstan
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Shakiyeva Aisaule S.
Published: July 2022

In the article, the author examines the activities of Kazakh scientist, archaeologist, orientalist, historian, literary critic, art critic, and academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR, Alkey Khakanovich Margulan, and his contribution to the development of historical culture of Kazakhstan. The author comprehensively explores his scientific activity in Southern Kazakhstan and focuses on his contribution and new scientific discoveries on the territory of the Kazakh land. Alkey Khakanovich Margulan began his career in the field of science at a time when the ideological press was pressuring many scientists. The article considers the change of perspective from the study of Kazakh folk folklore to the study of monuments of material culture and ancient art, as well as his activities as a researcher at the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR, taking part in the creation of a scientific publication “The History of the Kazakh SSR (from ancient times to the present day)”. He made a great contribution to the development of archeology on the territory of Kazakhstan in the difficult post-war years. The author separately examines the activities of academician Alkey Margulan as the founder of archeology in Kazakhstan, as well as the influence of Stalinist repression and ideological pressure on the work of the academician. Special attention is paid to his study of the folk epic, and the influence on the future fate associated with the study of archaeology. The article uses documents of the central archives of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including the Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, periodical press materials, scientific papers. The author studied the sources and historiography of the problem devoted to the topic under study.
Satyshev madrasah: teachers, graduates, history of religious buildings
Authors:   Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Abdullin Khalim M.
Published: July 2022

The madrasah in the village of Satyshevo, Mamadyshsky district of Kazan province (modern Sabinsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan) was one of the oldest rural madrasas in the province. The activity of the Satyshevsky madrasah begins no later than the middle of the 18th century (after the 1750s). In the 19th – early 20th centuries it was one of the largest rural madrasas in Russia. At the beginning of the 19th century, the training center consisted of 3 wooden buildings, and by the beginning of the 20th century, a complex of mektebe and madrasah of 7 buildings was being created. At the beginning of the 20th century, a second parish was allocated in the village and another mosque was being built. The teachers and students of the madrasah were famous imams and recognized theologians in the Volga-Ural region. The madrasah in Satyshevo village had extensive educational ties with the Muslims of the main educational centers of Kazan, Orenburg, Troitsk, Bukhara and Dagestan. The founder of the madrasah should be considered Imam Abdurrashid bin Kadermukhammad. The next famous imam and mudarris was Ibrahim bin Jagfar as-Satyshi. After him, Mukmin ben Budach continued his spiritual path in Satyshevo. One of the famous imams and mudarris of the Satyshev madrasah was Yarulla bin Bikmukhammad (1794–1869). His son Mubaraksha continued his spiritual ministry at the Satyshevo Mosque. One of the students of Yarulla hazrat was Muhammad bin Ali (Mukhammet Mukhammetgaleev), his name is associated with the further development of teaching in the Satyshev madrasah. After his death in 1902, the position of the first imam passed to his son – Abdrakhman Mukhametov, and the second imam in the documents is indicated by the son of Mubaraksha hazrat – Gabdulla. The teaching program at the madrasah was old-fashioned, classical. It is known from the preserved description of the library of the madrasah that there were a large number of manuscripts and books published in Russia and Turkey.
Izh-Bobya beneficiaries who made a significant contribution to the development of the Tatar Enlightenment
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Khismatullina Alsu F.
Published: July 2022

At the beginning of the 20th century, for the Turkic peoples of the Russian Empire to recognize the Izh-Bubi madrasah as the strongest educational institution, located in a small Tatar village, serious financial support was required. This article will focus on the activities of the benefactors of the Izh-Bobya village, Sarapulsky district, Vyatka province. Among them were those who donated their land for the construction of madrasah buildings; who took over its material equipment and built a new spacious mosque so that they could perform the Friday shakirda prayer in it; who helped the leaders of the educational institution to legitimize the innovations that they introduced. I believe that Izh-Bobyansky merchants-philanthropists made a significant contribution to the development of the Tatar enlightenment at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. It is gratifying that even today there are followers of their good deeds. The article also provides information about the activities of modern philanthropists – Izh-Bobyans.
Antibacterial Activity and Characterization of Water-Soluble Chitosan Compounds Produced from Enzymatic Deacetylation
Authors: Matyar Fatih , Mercimek Takcı Hatice Aysun , Yılmaz Fatma , Guzeldag Gulcihan , Çelik Halil İbrahim
Published: July 2022

In this research, it was aimed to investigate the production of water-soluble chitosan from the enzymatic deacetylation of chitin by Bacillus (B. cereus (BC) and B. thuringiensis (BT)) strains. Characteristic properties involving molecular weight, degree of deacetylation, and antibacterial activity of chitosan samples were identified. The degree of deacetylation of BC and BT chitosan samples obtained at 393 and 213 ppm amounts was reported as 80.54% and 86.07% by the IR spectrum. As well as the degree of deacetylation, the molecular weights of samples showed a significant effect on antibacterial activity were 48.27 and 48.46 Da, respectively. Among the tested bacteria, the highest inhibitory effect was recorded in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermis for both chitosan samples. On the other hand, no antibacterial effect on S. aureus, Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, S. epidermidis, Klebsiella sp., and Salmonella spp. were observed. Our results indicated a simple and cost-efficient method for the production of chitosan polymers showing antibacterial activity.
Determination of Letal Concentrations (LC50) of Cyfluthrın, Dimethoate Insecticides on Gammarus pulex (L., 1758)
Authors: Serdar Osman , Aydın Rahmi , Aydın Ayşe Nur
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışmada Tunceli Munzur Akarsuyundan elde edilen Gammarus pulex (L., 1758) bireyleri cyfluthrin ve dimethoate etken maddelerini içeren iki insektisitin farklı konsantrasyonlarına maruz bırakılarak, akut toksisite testlerinden LC50 değerleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışma boyunca su sıcaklığı, pH, çözünmüş oksijen gibi parametreleri sürekli kontrol edilerek değişmemesi sağlanmıştır. Yapılan bu çalışmada deneyler 1 litrelik cam akvaryumlarda 0,5 litre su konularak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her bir konsantrasyon grubu için 10 adet G. pulex bireyi kullanılmıştır. LC50 değerinin belirlenmesi için 24 saatlik periyotlarla canlıların hareketlilik durumları gözlemlenerek kaydedilmiştir. Hareketliliğini kaybetmiş G. pulex’ler akvaryum içerisinden alınıp çalışma dışı bırakılmıştır. Çalışma 3 tekrarlı yürütülmüş olup, dimethoate için LC50 değeri 170,51 ± 8,15 µg/l tespit edilirken, cyfluthrin için LC50 değeri 0,800 ± 0,12 ng/l olarak olarak belirlenmiştir.