bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting physicians’ specialty selection: A demographic and socioeconomic perspective
Authors: Magzob Mohamed , Mutasim Ali
Published: August 2024

Objectives:

The medical field is advancing toward increasing specialization in knowledge, technology, and expertise. To meet the demands of quality health care, a practical, pragmatic, and well-balanced enrollment and distribution of physicians among specialties is crucial. The process of selecting a specialty as an ultimate future career is sensitive and conveys multidimensional implications on physicians, the health systems and society as a whole. Numerous complex and miscellaneous factors contribute to the development and adjustment of that decision that needs rigorous efforts to understand and hopefully control.

Material and Methods:

This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, conducted through a comprehensive questionnaire encompassing demographic information, socioeconomic indicators, and components of the modified Kuppuswamy and MacArthur Scales. Data were collected using simple random sampling with considering design efficiency. Two-variable analysis with Pearson correlation and Chi-squared test was used to identify the associations and their significance. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

A total of 389 respondents completed the questionnaire: 58.87% females, 41.13% males. Among them, 67.8% were internship physicians, and 32.2% were general practitioners. The mean Kuppuswamy score was 15.17, and the mean subjective socioeconomic status (SES) score was 4.28. Female physicians presented a critical propensity toward choosing obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics as their primary future career (P ≤ 0.01), whereas male physicians were more willing to specialize in surgical specialties (P ≤ 0.01). Obstetrics, gynecology, and family medicine correlated with below-average Kuppuswamy scores (P = 0.010359), while surgical specialties correlated with higher scores (P < 0.01). Physicians with above-average subjective SES scores preferred surgical specialties (P = 0.036596). Family medicine, obstetrics, gynecology, and pediatrics correlated with below-average subjective SES scores (P = 0.041828).

Conclusion:

Demographic and socioeconomic factors have a significant influence on physicians’ specialty preferences and selection.
Challenges for a perioperative physician – A choking thyroid planned for total thyroidectomy
Authors: Prasad Aishwarya , Desingh Dilip Chandar , Lazarus Suneeth P.
Published: August 2024

A large retrosternal goiter is a nightmare for an anesthesiology and a surgeon. A comprehensive history, a thorough clinical examination, pre-operative planning and a close working relationship among multidisciplinary medical teams are prerequisites to prevent adverse events intra-operatively and postoperatively. This case report is about a geriatric patient who presented with progressively enlarged anterior neck swelling for past 30 years associated with orthopnea and dysphagia. Patient underwent awake fibreroptic intubation under topical anesthesia. Thyroidectomy combined with sternotomy was done. Intra-operative and postoperative was uneventful.This case report suggests the use of AFOI in anticipated difficult airway and it’s success.
Knowledge and attitude toward menopause among females’ secondary school teachers in Northcentral, Nigeria
Authors: Umar Sulaiman , Bilyaminu Yahya Bala
Published: August 2024

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge and attitude toward menopause among females secondary school teachers in Northcentral Nigeria. and to find out the statistically significance association between their level of knowledge and their selected sociodemographic variables.

Material and Methods:

The research design used for this study was a descriptive survey design; a purposive sampling technique was used to select 50 respondents. Data were collected using a self-structured questionnaire to assess knowledge and attitude toward menopause among females secondary school teachers in Northcentral Nigeria. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics version 26.0.

Results:

The results showed that 8 (16.0%) of the respondents had good knowledge, 10 (20.0%) had average knowledge, and the majority 32 (64.0%) had poor knowledge of menopause. Therefore, the H1:0 Hypothesis was accepted, while the H1:1 Hypothesis was rejected. The majority of the respondents, 36 (68.0%), had a positive attitude, while 16 (32.0%) had negative attitude toward menopause. Therefore, the H0:2 Hypothesis was rejected, while the H2:2 Hypothesis was accepted. There was a statistically significance association between their level of knowledge of menopause and their selected sociodemographic variables such as age (≥50 years), educational qualification (MA/MEd/MSc), and previous history of menopause (yes), P < 0.05. Hence, the H0:3 Hypothesis was rejected, while the H1:3 Hypothesis was accepted.

Conclusion:

Majority of the respondents had poor knowledge and a positive attitude toward menopause.
Onarıcı Adalet Yaklaşımı Kapsamında Apartheid Rejimi İle Hesaplaşma; Güney Afrika Hakikat Ve Uzlaşma Komisyonu Deneyimi
Authors: Özcan İlyas
Published: August 2024

Geçmişte insanlığa karşı işlenen suçlar ile hesaplaşma adı altında ‘hesap sorma’ veya ‘hesap verme’ çabası ön plana çıkmaktadır. Hesaplaşma süreçlerini mutlaka ve her zaman ‘cezalandırma’ biçiminde değerlendirmek doğru olmamakla beraber bu durum pratikte de mümkün değildir. Cezalandırmanın mümkün olmayacağı durumlarda, mağduriyetlerin giderilmesi adına ‘onarıcı adalet’ kavramı ön plana çıkmakta ve bu soruna cevap olmaya çalışmaktadır. Onarıcı adalet yaklaşımının en bilinen örneklerinden biri Apartheid rejimi sonrası Güney Afrika'da mağdur ve faillerin yüz yüze geldikleri Güney Afrika Hakikat ve Uzlaşma Komisyonu çalışmalarıdır. Buradaki temel motivasyon, yaşanan tüm acılara ve hak ihlallerine rağmen toplum olarak ortak bir geleceğin nasıl inşa edileceğine yönelik cevap bulmaktır. Bu çalışmada, Apartheid rejimi ile hesaplaşma süreci onarıcı adalet yaklaşımı üzerinden değerlendirilmiş ve geçmişle herhangi bir şekilde intikam hissi güdülmeden yüzleşme çerçevesinde yürütülen faaliyetler analiz edilmiştir. Güney Afrika Hakikat ve Uzlaşma Komisyonu’nun yetki alanları, faaliyetleri ve hazırladığı nihai rapor kapsamında ortaya koyduğu bulgular incelenmiş ve tüm bu süreç onarıcı adalet yaklaşımı ile açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Bir Ontolojik Güvenlik Rekabeti Olarak Soğuk Savaş
Authors: Öztürk Zeynep
Published: August 2024

Bu çalışmamızda Soğuk Savaş dönemini Ontolojik Güvenlik Teorisi (OGT) perspektifiyle değerlendirerek ele almaya çalıştık. Çalışmamızın amacı Soğuk Savaş sürecinin aslında bir ontolojik rekabet süreci olduğunu temellendirmek ve genel siyasi tarih yazımındaki klasik realist değerlendirmeler yerine daha post-pozitivist bir çerçevede Soğuk Savaş’ı değerlendirmektir. OGT 2000’li yıllarla birlikte uluslararası ilişkiler disiplinine girmiş bir teori olduğundan bu tarihin öncesiyle ilgili kaleme alınmış çalışmalarda kullanım olanağı bulamamıştır. Bu çalışmamızda bu boşluğu doldurmayı da amaçladık. Bu çalışmamızda, analiz birimi olarak devlet düzeyini tercih etmiş olup, Soğuk Savaş döneminde daha çok baskın olan Doğu (Varşova Paktı-Komünist blok) ve Batı (NATO-Liberal blok) bloklarının liderleri olan ABD ve SSCB arasındaki ikili ilişkiler esas alınmış, lider ve sistem düzeyindeki ilişkiler ikinci planda tutulmuştur. Çalışmamızda nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmamızın ilk kısmında genel olarak OGT’nin temel varsayımlarından bahsettikten sonra Soğuk Savaş’ı Birinci Soğuk Savaş, Yumuşama (Detant) ve İkinci Soğuk Savaş dönemleri olmak üzere üç tarihsel döneme ayırarak OGT bakış açısıyla değerlendirdik. Sonuç kısmında da bunun neden bir ontolojik güvenlik rekabeti görünümü verdiğini tartıştık.
DYNAMICS OF HEMOSTATIC FUNCTIONS OF PLATELETS AND BLOOD VESSELS IN PIGLETS DURING THE PHASE OF PLANT NUTRITION
Authors: Медведев И.Н. , Ткачева Е.С.
Published: August 2024

Серьезную роль в поддержании стабильного состояния организма сельскохозяйственных животных играет гемостаз, и в первую очередь тромбоциты и стенки сосудов. Выраженность гемостатических свойств у поросят в конце раннего онтогенеза еще нуждается в уточнении, так как это весьма значимо для микроцирку- ляции и интенсивности анаболизма во всех внутренних органах. Целью нашей работы было установление в первичном гемостазе поросят, прохо- дящих фазу растительного питания, выраженность агрегационных функций тромбо- цитов и дезагрегационной активности сосудистых стенок. Наблюдались 32 здоровых поросенка, оставленных на племя, породы крупная белая с оценкой регистрируемых показателей: на сорок первые сутки, на девяностые сутки, на сто пятидесятые сутки, на двухсотые сутки и на двести тридцатые сутки их жизни. В крови поросят выяснялось содержание количества ацилгидроперекисей и веществ, реагирующих с тиобарбитуровой кислотой, также был оценен уровень ее антиокис- лительных свойств. Уровень агрегации тромбоцитов выяснялся в усло виях in vitro с применением визуального микрометода. Для этого был использован ряд стандартных индукторов агрегации в стандартной дозе. Также оценивалось состояние агрегации тромбоцитов в условиях внутрисосудистого кровотока в ходе фазово-контрастного микро скопирования. Дезагрегационные возможности сосудов выявлялись путем расчета величины индекса сосудистой антиагрегации. В крови животных радиоиммунологиче- ским методом регистрировали уровни β-тромбоглобулина, тромбоксана B 2 , 6-кето-ПГF 1α и стандартным методом — количество метаболитов оксида азота (нитратов и нитритов). Данные обрабатывались с помощью критерия Стьюдента. У поросят в конце раннего онтогенеза выявлено постепенное сокращение в крови уровня продуктов процесса перекисного окисления. Очевидно, это вызвано усилением у них с возрастом антиоксидантных возможностей крови. Данная ситуация создает у поросят в этом возрасте оптимальные условия для большой сохранности мембран тромбоцитов и эндотелиоцитов сосудов. Можно считать, что у этих продуктивных животных при завершении раннего онтогенеза повышение активности тромбоцитов в полной мере будет уравновешено нарастающей гемостатической способностью сосудов, что обеспечит строгий оптимум условий микроциркуляции, необходимый для роста и развития организма.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT ELECTRIC WHEELCHAIR FOOTBALL IN RUSSIA
Authors: Симченко А.М. , Махов А.С. , Чичерин В.П. , Кизеев М.В.
Published: August 2024

В статье приведены результаты исследования проблем развития футбола на электроколясках в России. Используя результаты анкетирования и методы математической статистики показано, что основными факторами, сдерживающими развитие данного вида спорта, являются следующие: отсутствие информации о новом виде спорта в СМИ и, как следствие, отсутствие понимания о существовании такой дисциплины как футбол на электроколясках; отсутствие специального оборудова- ния и инвентаря; недостаточное количество спортивных площадок для тренировок; недостаточное количество тренеров; отсутствие специальной методики подготов- ки спортсменов; недостаточное количество соревнований различного уровня; не- возможность транспортировки спортсменов к местам тренировок; недостаточное количество специальной научно-методической литературы; дорогое техническое оснащение; отсутствие целевого финансирования на развитие новой спортивной дисциплины. На основании результатов проведенного исследования обоснованы основные направления для решения выявленных проблем, предложены пути становления и перспек тивного роста нового вида спорта для инвалидов с поражением опорно-дви- гательного аппарата и даны рекомендации для дальнейшего позитивного развития данной дисциплины.
ASSESSMENT OF INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENT-ATHLETES: METHODS AND RESULTS
Authors: Игнатенко Е.М.
Published: August 2024

Погружение в новую цифровую реальность, адаптация и внедрение интерактивных онлайн-технологий, ставит новые задачи, связанные с функциониро- ванием культурных и образовательных институтов. В современных образовательных практиках особое место отводится формированию компетентностной модели обра- зования, созданию индивида «культурного», а также понимания и изучения культур- ных ценностей студентов-спортсменов. В статье приводятся результаты апробации методики «Тестирование межкультурной компетентности студентов», направленной на изучение уровня межкультурной компетентности у студентов-спортсменов и анали- за особенностей установок респондентов в области межкультурного взаимодействия. Основным методом в исследовании данной проблемы стал метод анкетирования, который позволил выявить уровень межкультурной компетентности студентов. На вы- борке 272 студентов из Института естествознания и спортивных технологий МГПУ проведен опрос, разработанный на основе Модели культурного интеллекта (Л. Дайн и С. Анг), состоящий из 25 вопросов и их соотношения с определенным компонент- ном CQ (культурный коэффициент). В результате проведенного исследования предлагается включить в учебные програм мы специализированные предметы и специальные образовательные мероприя- тия, которые помогут повысить или сформировать хороший уровень межкультурной компетентности обучающихся.
PARENTAL STRESS AND POST-TRAUMATIC GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES FOR PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors: Коган Б.М. , Аникеева М.А.
Published: August 2024

Совершенствование неонатальной помощи привело к значительному увеличению выживаемости детей с перинатальными поражениями ЦНС, недоношенных новорожденных, у которых достаточно велик риск развития ДЦП. Таким образом, становится актуальным любое новое знание в области проблем, связанных с появлением в семье ребенка с данным диагнозом, так как оно позволяет разрабатывать наиболее эффек- тивные виды психологической помощи такой семье. Хотя высокие показатели эмоциональных стрессовых реакций выявлены у всех родителей тяже - лобольных детей, характер и сила эмоционального ответа на стрессовую ситуацию имеют как общие, так и индивидуальные особенности, которые в первую очередь обусловлены различиями в индиви- дуально-психологических свойствах, реализуемых стратегий совладания, духовной зрелости родителей и получаемой ими помощи. В статье рассмотрена проблема родителей ребенка с ДЦП как со стороны деструктивного влия- ния родительского стресса (РС), так и со стороны потенциально возможных позитивных личностных трансфор маций родителей. Проанализированы особенности родительского стресса (РС) при появлении в семье ребенка с ДЦП, описаны этапы адаптации к травмирующему событию, признаки социально-психологической дезадаптации родителей, деструктивные изменения в семье на соматическом, психологическом и социальном уровнях. Дано понятие посттравматического роста (ПТР) и рассмотрены условия, при которых воспитание детей с особенностями развития может оказывать позитивное влияние как на развитие личности роди- телей, так и на семью в целом.
THE REPRESENTATION OF BOATMASTERS ABOUT PROFESSIONAL TRAINING DURING SIMULATOR TRAINING
Authors: Сокольская М.В. , Волкова А.А. , Пекарь Е.В.
Published: August 2024

При все более совершенных автоматизированных системах управления сохраняющаяся высокая ава- рийность на морском транспорте определяет необходимость поиска решений, обеспечивающих безопас- ность человека, груза и судна. При ведущей роли оператора в системе «человек – техника – среда» изучение представления судоводителей о профессиональном обучении на моделированных комплексах (тренажерах) имеет потенциал черного ящика, так как способно обнаружить имплицитные составляю- щие — смыслы, мотивы и ценности, — в значительной степени определяющие поведение субъекта в процессе обучения. В исследовании с участием двух групп специалистов — судоводителей, граждан России и граждан КНР, проходящих обучение на тренажере радиолокационной подготовки и морской электронной картографии, был применен метод интервью с последующей обработкой данных с помо- щью контент-анализа. Выделены пять компонентов (когнитивный, исполнительный, эмоциональный, ценностно-мотивационный, профессиональный), объединяющих различные единицы анализа текстов, на основе которых дана интерпретация представления субъектов об учебной деятельности и ее психоло- гическом содержании. Результаты исследования обнаруживают различия в представлениях двух групп респондентов, которые характеризуют учебную деятельность на тренажере как развивающую (группа китайских судоводителей), стабилизирующую, или стагнирующую (группа российских судоводите- лей). На основе данных структурированных интервью сформулированы рекомендации по содержанию работы с группой специалистов-судоводителей при подведении итогов обучения. Акцент ставится на обсуждении выбранной самими судоводителями главной темы — ошибки оператора судна. Опыт ошибки имеет ведущее значение в представлении совокупного субъекта и выступает связующим звеном между профессиональным обучением и морской практикой.
Revisiting the influence of acid-base equilibrium and tautomerism on the free radical scavenging activities of curcumin derivatives in the physiological environment – A mechanistic and kinetic study
Authors: Truong Dinh Hieu , Dinh Thi Tu , Trinh Thi My Duyen , Pham Thi Hong Minh , Pham Minh Quan , Gawlik-Dziki Urszula , Dao Duy Quang
Published: August 2024

Curcumin has been believed to have effective medicinal properties such as anti-cancer, anti-Alzheimer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant…, in which the free radical scavenging activities play a crucial role in its treating mechanisms. Although the antioxidant properties of curcumin and its derivatives have been widely studied in the literature, a systematical investigation of the thermodynamics and kinetics of the reaction towards hydroperoxide (HOO•), the standardized free radicals, has still been lacking. This work investigated the HOO• radical scavenging activities of two curcumin derivatives, namely curcumin I (Cur-I) and curcumin III (Cur-III), in water and pentyl ethanoate (PEA) solutions using Density functional theory (DFT) approaches. The antioxidant properties of the neutral and anionic forms of two tautomers, including keto-enol and diketone of curcumin, were investigated via three common mechanisms, i.e., hydrogen transfer (HT), radical adduct formation (RAF) and single electron transfer (SET). Intrinsic parameters, thermochemical parameters, and kinetics of the curcumin-HOO radical reactions were systematically characterized. As a result, the overall rate constant for the reaction in the water of Cur-I (9.36 107 M-1 s-1) is about three times higher than the one of Cur-III (2.60 107 M-1 s-1). Meanwhile, the ones in the PEA solvent are less significant, being 4.02 101 M-1 s-1 and 8.16 102 M-1 s-1, respectively. Because of the dominant molar fraction of the keto-enol form compared to that of the diketone, the reaction rates were contributed mainly by the keto-enol form. Finally, the chemical nature of the HT processes was analyzed in detail, and it was found that all the most predominant HT reactions at the phenolic -OH groups (i.e., O22H and O23H) occurred via the proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) process.
ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY GUIDED PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION ON THE ROOT BARK EXTRACT OF RUBIA CORDIFOLIA
Authors: Abebe Henok , Gemech Tesfaye , Paulos Firehun , Lemma Bekele
Published: August 2024

Rubia cordifolia Linn is one of medicinal plants traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases and ailments by different people around the world. This study involves the successively extraction of the dried powdered root bark of R. cordifolia, evaluating the anti-bacterial activities, screening for phytochemicals, isolating and characterizing the chemical constituents from the crude with the best antibacterial activity. Freshly collected root bark of R. cordifolia was washed and then dried under shade at room temperature and grounded. The powdered root bark (175g) of R. cordifolia was successively extracted with (2.4L) chloroform/methanol(1:1) and (1.2L) methanol and the solution was filtered using Whatman filter paper and concentrated using rotary evaporator at temperature of about 400C. The (2.4L) chloroform/methanol (1:1) and (1.2L) methanol crude extract yields were 9.5% and 3.6%, respectively. The disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the extracts. Phytochemical screening test of crude extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, glycosides, phenol, saponins, steroids, tannin and terpenoids whereas flavonoids were absent. A chloroform/methanol (1:1) crude extract which have shown relatively superior antibacterial activity and good TLC profile. This crude extract was subjected to column chromatography which resulted in the isolation of compound 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methoxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinone. Characterization of the isolated compound was performed using the spectroscopic techniques such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and DEPT-135 and comparison with previously reported literature.
Constructing Donor-Acceptor Covalent Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient H2O2 Photosynthesis Coupled with Oxidative Organic Transformations
Authors: Liu Jianchuan , Tuo Chao , Xiao Wei-Yun , Qi Ming-Yu , Yusran Yusran , Wang Zitao , Li Hui , Guo Chunsheng , Song Jialong , Qiu Shilun , Xu Yi-Jun , Fang Qianrong
Published: August 2024

The development of photocatalytic systems that enable the simultaneous production of H2O2 and value-added organic chemicals presents a dual advantage: generating valuable products while maximizing the utilization of solar energy. Despite the potential, there are relatively few reports on photocatalysts capable of such dual functions. In this study, we synthesized a series of donor-acceptor covalent organic frameworks (COFs), designated as JUC-675 to JUC-677, to explore their photocatalytic efficiency in the co-production of H2O2 and N-benzylbenzaldimine (BBAD). Among them, JUC-675 exhibited exceptional performance, achieving a H2O2 production rate of 22.8 mmol g−1 h−1 with an apparent quantum yield of 15.7%, and its solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency was calculated to be 1.09%, marking it as the most effective COF-based photocatalyst reported to date. Additionally, JUC-675 demonstrated a high selectivity (99.9%) and yield (96%) for BBAD in the oxidative coupling of benzylamine. The underlying reaction mechanism was thoroughly investigated through validation experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This work represents a significant advancement in the design of COF-based photocatalysts and the development of efficient dual-function photocatalytic platforms, offering new insights and methodologies for enhanced solar energy utilization and the synthesis of value-added products.
Towards Designer Photocatalysts: Structure-Property Relationships in 2,6-Diaryl-pyryliums
Authors: Konzal Jenna , Murley McKenna , Wolter Alaina , Camou Lazlo , Oberbroeckling Alex , Dekker Madilyn , Wagner Gillianne , Jennejohn Kate , Hayes Natalie , Franklin Cory , Tobin Sydney , Collier Elizabeth , MacKenzie Ian
Published: August 2024

Fully organic photocatalyst systems are highly attractive, not merely because they are transition-metal free, but more importantly due to their unique and often potent reactivity. A detailed understanding of the various redox states, both ground and excited state, and specifically what structural parameters control them is therefore crucial for harnessing the full potential of these system in organic synthesis. However, unlike their organometallic counterparts, detailed structure-property relationships for organic photocatalysts are largely absent from the literature. In this study, we demonstrate linear free-energy relationships across a range of key photophysical and electrochemical properties of 2,6-diarylpyryliums. Electronic absorption and emission maxima can be carefully tuned over the ranges of 83 nm and 102 nm respectively. Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) interactions were revealed in cases of substitution with polarizable heavy-atoms. A strong linear dependence of ground state reduction potentials on substituent electronics was observed. Notably, the excited state reduction potential, E*red, could be controlled over a range of nearly 1000 mV. Systematic errors in computational modeling of ground and excited state redox potentials were identified and corrected. We believe the quantitative structure-property relationships identified here provide foundational tools for rational and predictive organic photocatalyst design.
Oxoammonium-Catalyzed Ether Oxidation via Hydride Abstraction: Methodology Development and Mechanistic Investigation using Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement NMR
Authors: Cheng Yukun , Rein Jonas , Le Nguyen , Lin Song
Published: August 2024

Hydride abstraction represents a promising yet underexplored approach in the functionalization of C–H bonds. In this work, we report the oxidation of α-C–H bonds of ethers via oxoammonium catalysis using 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA) as the terminal chemical oxidant or by means of electrochemistry. Mechanistic studies revealed intricate equilibria and interconversion events between various catalytic intermediates in the presence of mCPBA, which alone however was incompetent to drive catalytic turnover. The addition of a small amount of strong acid HNTf2 or weakly coordinating salt NaSbF6 turned on catalytic turnover and promoted ether oxidation with excellent efficiency. NMR experiments leveraging paramagnetic relaxation enhancement effect allowed for quantification of open-shell catalytic intermediates in real time during the reaction course, which aided the identification of catalyst resting states and elucidation of reaction mechanisms.
Water in zeolites of natrolite group and its OH-stretching region in Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Sparavigna Amelia Carolina
Published: August 2024

Natrolite, Na2(Si3Al2)O10·2H2O, is a member of a group of zeolite minerals, made of hydrated aluminosilicate minerals. Due to their structure, zeolites have channels, through which water and ions can move. In the RRUFF database, we find the following members of the group: natrolite, mesolite, scolecite, and gonnardite. In the database, Raman spectra are provided where we can easily observe the OH-stretching region of water. We propose the deconvolutions in q-Gaussian functions of these spectra, comparing the obtained results with those available from literature. A review of literature about natrolite is also proposed.
El paisaje cultural del pisco y su patrimonio mestizo
Authors: Lacoste Pablo , Skewes Juan Carlos
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de este libro es describir y explicar las principales características de los paisajes pisqueros y su patrimonio cultural. Se trata de identificar y visibilizar las múltiples hebras que vinculan esta actividad industrial con la vida económica, social y cultural, para comprender el largo proceso histórico de construcción conjunta del paisaje, en el cual participaron los diversos grupos humanos que habitan y han habitado el territorio, incluyendo pueblos indígenas y conquistadores españoles, criollos y mestizos, inmigrantes y viajeros. Entre todos ellos, a través de un largo y accidentado proceso histórico, se fueron modelando estos paisajes, en los cuales el pisco ha tenido un papel central como articulador sociocultural y económico. La singularidad que adquiere este paisaje y que le confiere un carácter patrimonial radica en el modo como la obra humana se ha articulado con su entorno. Los ideales de la biofilia, de la topofilia y su expresión en una bioarquitectura o arquitectura orgánica – esto es, el apego y acomodo a los procesos vivientes territorialmente localizados - adquieren forma material en las dimensiones constructivas que se yerguen en los estrechos valles del Norte Chico. Las tres ideas (biofilia, topofilia y arquitectura orgánica), encuentran una expresión que viene a reafirmar la vocación regional por sobre los modelos e intereses foráneos que quisieran imponérsele.
Horses look longer at skilled humans than unskilled ones despite similar outcomes in an object manipulation task
Authors: Sugimoto Takuto , Hirata Satoshi
Published: August 2024

Evaluating others based on skillfulness and prosociality is an important ability in choosing a cooperative partner. Such abilities have been studied in nonhuman species such as primates and dogs; however, few studies have examined whether horses could evaluate humans based on their skillfulness. Here, we investigated whether horses (Equus caballus) could evaluate humans based on their skillfulness in a situation related to their own interests (food). We showed horses a pair of experimenters, one that could open the lid of a container (skilled actor) and another that could not open the lid of the container (unskilled actor). The unskilled actor ‘accidentally’ dropped the container during the demonstration phase, causing the lid to open, allowing him to remove the object and thus achieve the same outcome as the skilled actor. The experimental trials involved two conditions, one in which the container had food inside, and one in which it was empty. This was because we thought the horses would have an expectation that the skilled actor would give them food after opening the container, so we predicted that horses would look longer at the skilled actor than the unskilled actor only in the food condition. We measured the gaze duration of horses toward each experimenter. Horses looked longer at the skilled actor overall and looked at the two actors longer in the food condition than in the non-food condition, and there was no interaction between role and condition. Post-hoc tests showed that the horses looked at the skilled actor longer than the unskilled actor in both conditions. They also looked at the skilled actor for longer in the food condition compared with the no-food condition. These results suggest that the horses were able to visually discriminate between humans based on their skillfulness.
Hygrophilla Auriculata Extract Loaded Microemulsion gel for treatment of skin cancer
Authors: Shaikh Zaheer , Aher Sayali , Shah Shamir , Lale Shivam , Mohammad Rizwan Shaikh
Published: August 2024

Globally, skin cancer is the most common type of cancer and is on the rise. It is broadly divided into Melanoma and Non-melanoma skin cancer, or Keratinocyte carcinoma, which are malignancies produced from melanocytes and epidermal cells, respectively. One of the most deadly malignant illnesses, cancer can spread to other tissues and organs and exhibit unchecked and aberrant cell division. Therefore, achieving a safe formulation for the treatment of skin cancer is important. The aim of this research is to formulate the Hygrophila Auriculata Flower extract Loaded Microemulsion Gel with small droplet size, high drug concentration, and high stability for skin application. A magnetic stirrer was used to create the Hygrophila Auriculata Flower extract Loaded Microemulsion, which was examined for morphology, clarity, dilution, zeta potential, particle size, stability, and chromatography. The cytotoxicity study of the formulation was performed in A431 cells and compared with a marketed formulation. The smallest particle size of the emulsion droplets improves the bioavailability of the drug, playing a vital role in skin penetration and effectiveness against skin cancer. Hence, the study predicts that the Hygrophila Auriculata Flower extract Loaded Microemulsion Gel could be effective for the treatment of skin cancer in the future.
MEMORI DAN TRAUMA DALAM DUA NOVEL SASTRA INDONESIA-TIONGHOA KONTEMPORER
Authors: Russida Corvi Aldhecca
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we will discuss two novels by contemporary Chinese authors, Debur Ombak Memanggilmu Kembali and Perkumpulan Anak Luar Nikah. This research aims to find out the memory and trauma that Chinese authors still carry in their works. This research uses Maurice Halbwachs' collective memory theory and Caruth's trauma theory. This research is qualitative and using two types of data, namely primary data and secondary data. Primary data is taken from the source of the material object, while secondary data consists of obtained from various sources such as books, scientific journals, articles, and video interviews and news (if needed). The results of the analysis of this paper show that the memory and trauma of Chinese-Indonesian authors are at least manifested in three ways, namely the memory and trauma of the events of May 1998, the author's tendency to bring up monoethnic characters in the novel, and the phenomenon of arranged marriages between Singkawang women and Taiwanese men. The events of May 1998 are considered as an event that psychologically attacked Chinese-Indonesians ethnic on a massive scale. That showed from the re-emergence of the event as a manifestation of the characters' trauma through flashbacks.Pada tulisan ini, peneliti mengkaji dua novel karya pengarang keturunan Tionghoa kontemporer, yaitu Debur Ombak Memanggilmu Kembali dan Perkumpulan Anak Luar Nikah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui memori dan trauma yang masih dibawa oleh para pengarang keturunan Tionghoa dalam karyanya. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori memori kolektif Maurice Halbwachs dan teori trauma Caruth. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan dua jenis data, yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diambil dari sumber objek material, sementara data sekunder terdiri dari diperoleh dari berbagai sumber seperti buku, jurnal ilmiah, artikel, dan video wawancara dan berita (jika diperlukan). Hasil analisis tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa memori dan trauma pengarang  beretnis Tionghoa-Indonesia setidaknya termanifestasi dalam tiga hal, yakni memori dan trauma peristiwa Mei 1998, kecenderungan pengarang memunculkan tokoh-tokoh yang monoetnis dalam novel, dan fenomena pernikahan pesanan antara perempuan Singkawang dengan pria berkebangsaan Taiwan. Peristiwa Mei 1998 dianggap sebagai peristiwa yang secara psikologis menyerang etnis Tionghoa-Indonesia secara masif. Hal tersebut terbukti dari dimunculkannya kembali peristiwa tersebut sebagai manifestasi trauma tokoh-tokohnya dengan cara kilas balik.
ONOMATOPE MANUSIA DALAM WEBTOON LOKAL PASUTRI GAJE SEASON 1 KARYA ANNISA NISFIHANI
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Suhandano Suhandano
Published: August 2024

Humans as living beings are very productive in creating imitations of sounds from activities, feelings, and circumstances they experience. This study aims to describe the form, meaning, and function of human onomatopoeia contained in the local Webtoon Pasutri Gaje Season 1 by Annisa Nisfihani. The theory used in this study is Hanada's (2016) onomatopoeia theory. The data is in the form of onomatopoeias produced by humans, either from activities, feelings, or circumstances. The data were collected using documentation technique with four stages of analysis, namely (1) data collection, (2) data reduction, (3) data presentation, and (4) data conclusion. Based on the analysis of onomatopoeic forms and meanings, the results of this study show that (1) different onomatopoeic forms often have the same meaning, but are used in the same context of use and (2) the same onomatopoeic forms often have different meanings and describe different contexts. This shows that the meaning of human onomatopoeia is highly dependent on the context in which it is used. Meanwhile, the function of human onomatopoeia in this Webtoon is expressive.Manusia sebagai makhluk hidup sangat produktif dalam menciptakan tiruan-tiruan bunyi dari kegiatan, perasaan, dan keadaan yang dialaminya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk, makna, dan fungsi onomatope manusia yang terdapat dalam Webtoon lokal Pasutri Gaje Season 1 karya Annisa Nisfihani. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori onomatope dari Hanada (2016). Data berupa onomatope-onomatope yang dihasilkan oleh manusia, baik yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan, perasaan, maupun keadaan. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik dokumentasi dengan empat tahap analisis, yaitu (1) pengumpulan data, (2) pereduksian data, (3) penyajian data, dan (4) penyimpulan data. Berdasarkan hasil analisis bentuk dan makna onomatope, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) bentuk-bentuk onomatope yang berbeda kerap kali memiliki makna yang sama, tetapi digunakan dalam konteks penggunaan yang sama dan (2) bentuk-bentuk onomatope yang sama kerap kali memiliki makna yang berbeda dan menggambarkan konteks yang berbeda pula. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pemaknaan terhadap bentuk onomatope manusia sangat bergantung pada konteks penggunaannya. Sementara itu, fungsi onomatope manusia dalam Webtoon ini adalah fungsi ekspresif.
The Settlement Model of Non-Performing Financing Which is More Effective and Legal Justice in Sharia Financing Companies
Authors: Sofiani Trianah , Suhendar Heris
Published: August 2024

Post-pandemic COVID-19 still leaves Non-Performing Financing (NPF), especially financing with fiduciary guarantees in Sharia finance companies. The Otoritas Jasa Keuangan's Relaxation Policy, which ended in April 2023, has not been effective and has fulfilled a sense of justice for debtors. This research discusses the causes of the ineffective implementation of the Relaxation policy in Sharia Financing Companies so that there is still NPF post the Covid-19 pandemic. Furthermore, it discusses the settlement model of NPF as an offer so that is more effective and fulfils a sense of justice for the parties. This empirical juridical research uses a qualitative approach in collaboration with statutory and conceptual approaches. The research locations were nineteen financing companies in Pekalongan ex-Residency with fiduciary financing objects. Data collection uses focus group discussions, interviews and document studies. The results show that inconsistent norms, negative legal culture, misperceptions of restructuring diction as the write-off of debt and the debtor's objection in the settlement of NPF are the causes of the ineffective implementation of the Relaxation policy. The settlement of NPF should be carried out based on sharia principles, the principle of prudence and good faith which prioritizes the needs of the debtor. Determining the rescheduling period should be carried out using a tri-semester tiered model so that effectivity, justice and benefits (reciprocal benefits) will be realized between the two parties.
A review on sustainable utilization of bauxite residue (red mud) for the production of mortar and concrete
Authors: Gaurav Maurya , Kuldeep Kumar Varun , Vishal Chauhan , Praveen Kumar Yadav
Published: August 2024

The establishment of many industries produces a large amount of by-products in solid, semi-solid, and liquid form because industrial waste can be toxic or non-toxic in nature, causing serious damage to the environment. India has a vast network of existing industries, and in the future, many more will produce millions of tons of various by-product materials. Pollution and disposal problems can be reduced by using these materials effectively in civil engineering projects. This paper examined the evaluation of red mud produced in the alumina processing industry to determine its suitability as a construction material based on physical, chemical, and other civil engineering properties. Red mud is the fine-grained residue that remains after alumina has been extracted from bauxite ore. About 10 million metric tons of red mud waste is generated every year in India, causing very serious and alarming environmental problems. Neutralizing this red mud would be very beneficial, as it would reduce pollution. In addition, the neutralized red mud could be reused in construction mixes and as a raw material. The physical, chemical, and geotechnical characteristics of these waste materials were critically evaluated for this purpose. It was found that red mud can be used as building material.
Implementation of Argument-Driven Inquiry Learning Model to Enhance Student’s Science Process Skills and Self-Efficacy
Authors: Dina Rizka Nurul , Zainuddin Zainuddin , Pada Andi Ulfa Tenri
Published: August 2024

This study aims to improve students' science process skills and self-efficacy in light wave and optical instruments learning. The research design used was a pretest-posttest control group design. The study population was 8th-grade students of SMP Negeri 8 Banda Aceh, totalling 7 classes. The samples were selected by purposive sampling so that one experimental class and one control class were selected. Data analysis used non-parametric statistics with the Mann-Whitney U test and the calculation of the n-gain score. The results showed that there were significant differences between SPS and self-efficacy students between the implementation of ADI learning model and learning model applied in schools. The n-gain score of SPS and the self-efficacy of the experimental class was higher than the n-gain score of the control class. Therefore, it can be concluded that ADI learning model is effective in enhancing student’s SPS and self-efficacy.
Profile of Students' Physics Problem-solving Skills and Implementation of Quizizz-based Team Games Tournament (QTGT) Method in Physics Learning
Authors: Rachmawati Octa Qamar , Prahani Binar Kurnia , Mubarok Husni
Published: August 2024

This research was conducted to describe the implementation of teaching and learning activities using the Quizizz-based Team Games Tournament (QTGT) method in improving the physics problem-solving skills of senior high school students. The method of this study used preliminary research with data collection techniques in the form of written tests, which data acquisition will be analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The research was conducted on 100 students of 11th science grade from one of the Islamic high school in Gresik Regency. The results of the research show that: 1) The problem-solving skills of students in the low category with a score range of 0-50 as many as 92 students divided into 11 male students and 81 female students and the medium category in the range of score 51-75 as many as 8 students divided into 2 male students and 6 female students. 2) The lowest problem-solving skills criteria are found in the indicator C - Conceptualize the strategy (outlining the steps to be used in problem-solving) with an average score of 4.31, 3) The application of the Quizizz-based Team Games Tournament (QTGT) method is expected to improve students' physics problem-solving skills. So, it can be concluded that to improve students' physics problem-solving skills, the need for innovations in the implementation of learning such as the application of learning models and cutting-edge learning media that are packaged attractively and adapted to the current era of globalization.
Development of Simple Light Diffraction Props Assisted by Tracker Application with Camera Module and Arduino UNO
Authors: Wijaya Adi , Ertikanto Chandra , Andra Doni , Herlina Kartini
Published: August 2024

This study aims to develop simple light diffraction teaching aids that can be used in learning light diffraction material in schools, as well as to train students' science process skills. This study uses the type of research Design Development and Research (DDR) which is divided into four stages of research, namely analysis, design, development, and evaluation. Before being used in the field, these props were first tested for feasibility. The feasibility test of this light diffraction teaching aid was carried out by conducting a validity test, practicality test, and instrument effectiveness test. In the test results of the validity of teaching aids obtained a percentage of 93% with a very valid category. The results of the practicality test obtained a percentage value of 89% with a very practical category. The results of the test of the effectiveness of teaching aids are represented by the student response test, and the teacher's perception test. In the student response test, a percentage of 86% was obtained in the very effective category, while the teacher perception test obtained a percentage of 84% in the very effective category. Based on the three feasibility tests that have been carried out, it can be concluded that this teaching aid is very suitable to be used in learning diffraction material in schools, and can train students' science process skills.
Problem-Solving and Computational Thinking Practices: Lesson Learned from The Implementation of ExPRession Model
Authors: Limbong Natalya , Herlina Kartini , Maulina Hervin , Abdurrahman Abdurrahman
Published: August 2024

Computational thinking ability is one of today's problem-solving methods that can be applied in physics learning. However, it is not yet known by most teachers so it has not been applied optimally in learning activities. This study aims to identify students' problem-solving and computational thinking abilities in solving well-structure physics problems. The subject of this study was the eleven grade majoring in natural science of SMAN 1 Bangunrejo. This type of research is descriptive research. The data used to analyze the students' problem-solving and computational thinking abilities were obtained from the essay test. Based on the results of descriptive analysis, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between students' problem-solving abilities and students' computational thinking abilities. In making a useful description, abstraction and decomposition abilities are needed, while to determine the physics approach and specific application of physics, generalization abiliy are needed. In solving mathematical procedures, algorithm ability are needed and to find out logical progressions, debugging ability are needed.
Exploration Physics Concepts In Local Wisdom Mappere Bone South Sulawesi as A Source of Physics Learning: An Analytical Study
Authors: Amiruddin Mohd Zaidi Bin , Suliyanah Suliyanah
Published: August 2024

The development of physics continues to grow. This is because physics is one of the sciences that study the behaviour of nature with various forms of applicable symptoms. This study aims to explore the concept of physics in Mappere as a source of learning physics, provide information related to one of the local wisdom in Bone, and attempt to preserve Mappere through writing and learning resources analytical study approach. Data collection is used in literature studies, observations, and interviews. Data search is done by finding as many sources of information as possible through scientific studies, journal articles, or reliable sources. The results obtained from this study are that there is a physics concept in the Mappere which can be used as a contextual learning resource for students. In addition, it turns out that local wisdom can be used as a contextual learning resource with their respective characteristics. Thus, it can be concluded that local wisdom can be an alternative in learning in schools in order to provide concrete examples for students to better understand learning, especially in learning physics. It is hoped that research on local wisdom will continue to be developed so that it can provide a real example in education while at the same time preserving the ancestral culture that is more useful.