bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modulating lipid metabolism improves tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Ping Yu , Fan Qiuqing , Zhang Yi
Published: February 2025

Immunotherapy has progressed significantly in cancer treatment; however, several factors influence its outcomes. Abnormal lipid metabolism, which is frequently observed in cancers, promotes tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Liet alfrom the Medical Oncology Department of Chongqing University Cancer Hospital constructed a lipid metabolism scoring system and reported that MK1775 inhibited fatty acid oxidation in tumor-associated macrophages and reduced T-cell infiltration, further enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy. This study demonstrated the critical role of lipid metabolism scoring system and lipid metabolism in immunotherapy. Currently, the metabolism of lipids, such as fatty acids, phospholipids, and cholesterol, has been reported to affect the tumor microenvironment by regulating immune cells, including T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages. These metabolic changes can impair the efficacy of immunotherapy, resulting in tumor progression. Consequently, lipid metabolism emerges as an important immune regulator for improving immunotherapeutic outcomes and provides a novel and powerful strategy for tumor combination therapy.
SCUBA evacuation within 24 hours of basal ganglia hemorrhage results in promising functional outcomes
Authors: Kellner Christopher Paul , Ali Muhammad , Kalagara Roshini , Rao Akhil , Smith Colton , Finesilver Joshua , Hardigan Trevor , Shigematsu Tomoyoshi , Liang John , Poyraz Fernanda Carvalho , Waters Michael F , Selim Magdy , Mocco J
Published: February 2025

Background

The recently completed Early Minimally Invasive Removal of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ENRICH) trial demonstrated a benefit for endoport-mediated evacuation within ≤24 hours for lobar hemorrhages but not for basal ganglia hemorrhages (BGH). We performed an exploratory evaluation of the Stereotactic Cerebral Underwater Blood Aspiration (SCUBA) technique for BGH evacuation.

Methods

We reviewed data from patients presenting to an urban health system with BGH who underwent SCUBA evacuation according to institutional guidelines. Three cohorts were then created: (1) all patients with BGH evacuation using the SCUBA approach; (2) patients with BGH evacuation using SCUBA within ≤24 hours and with ENRICH-defined intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) selection criteria; and (3) SCUBA evacuation within ≤24 hours, ENRICH-defined IVH, and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) volumes of ≥30 mL. Key outcomes included evacuation percentage, residual hematoma volume ≤15 mL, and 6-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0–3.

Results

Sixty-eight patients with BGH underwent SCUBA. Median preoperative ICH volume was 35 mL and median postoperative volume was 1.3 mL for a median evacuation percentage of 97%, with 90% achieving ≤15 mL residual volume. For 19 patients in cohort 2 and 12 patients in cohort 3, median evacuation percentages were 98% and 100% of patients had ≤15 mL residual volume in both groups. A good outcome was achieved in 53% and 50% of patients, respectively.

Conclusions

SCUBA evacuation for BGH in patients who otherwise meet ENRICH criteria suggests superior 6-month outcomes compared with ENRICH BGH patients (utility-weighted mRS 0.51 vs 0.34). A randomized clinical trial is warranted to prospectively evaluate SCUBA evacuation within 24 hours in patients with spontaneous BGH.
Occupational risk factors for thumb carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis: a register-based study of construction workers
Authors: Lewis Charlotte , Jackson Jennie A , Stjernbrandt Albin , Andersson Gustav , Mukka Sebastian , Wahlström Jens , Liv Per
Published: February 2025

Objectives

The study investigated the association between occupational biomechanical risk factors and the occurrence of thumb carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis (CMC1 OA) in construction workers.

Methods

Male construction workers (n=237 525), participating in a Swedish occupational surveillance programme between 1971 and 1993, were followed between 1997 and 2019. CMC1 OA diagnoses were identified through linkage with national medical registries. Job title, smoking status, height, weight and age were collected from the surveillance programme. A job exposure matrix (JEM) was developed with exposure estimates on biomechanical risk factors for each occupational group. Relative risk (RR) of CMC1 OA diagnosis was calculated using a Poisson regression model.

Results

There was an increased risk of CMC1 OA for all biomechanical risk factors (RR range 1.3–1.5). Exposure-response patterns were seen for repetitive wrist flexion and extension (low: RR 1.30 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.59), moderate: 1.32 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.62), high: 1.45 (95% CI 1.19 to 1.75)), wrist extension (low: 1.31 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.59), moderate: 1.41 (95% CI 1.17 to 1.70) and heavy lifting (low: 1.13 (95% CI 0.92 to 1.38), moderate: 1.45 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.77), high: 1.50 (95% CI 1.24 to 1.82). Electricians (1.29 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.89)), concrete workers (1.31 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.67)), plumbers (1.37 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.76)), sheet-metal workers (1.58 (95% CI 1.18 to 2.10)), wood workers (1.66 (95% CI 1.36 to 2.03)), repairers (1.75 (95% CI 1.06 to 2.90)) and glass workers (2.21 (95% CI 1.42 to 3.44) had an increased risk of CMC1 OA compared with the reference group.

Conclusion

Wrist movements and hand loading were associated with CMC1 OA.
Revealing the limitations of 10-year MACE observations: 20-year observed total cardiovascular burden in the EPIC-Norfolk study
Authors: van Trier Tinka J , Snaterse Marjolein , Dorresteijn Jannick AN , Bogaart Manon van den , Scholte op Reimer Wilma JM , Visseren Frank LJ , Peters Ron JG , Jørstad Harald T , Boekholdt S Matthijs
Published: February 2025

Background

Primary prevention strategies for cardiovascular disease (CVD) conventionally rely on 10-year risk estimates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). However, communicating longer-term total CVD risk may better facilitate informed preventive decisions. Therefore, we aimed to quantify how well 10-year observed incidence reflects 20-year observed incidence and how MACE reflects total CVD events across demographic groups, using observations in long-term prospective data.

Methods

In individuals aged 40–79 without CVD or diabetes from the population-based EPIC-Norfolk cohort, we compared the first occurrence of 10 and 20 years (1) 3-point MACE events (non-fatal myocardial infarction+non-fatal stroke+fatal CVD) and (2) total CVD events (all non-fatal and fatal CVD events leading to hospitalisation), stratified by sex and age.

Results

Among 22 569 participants (57% women), incident 10-year and 20-year 3-point MACE was 5.3% and 15.5%, respectively, yielding 20/10 year ratios from 2.2 (in older men) to 4.5 (in younger women). Total CVD increased from 10.5% at 10 years to 26.9% at 20 years, with ratios ranging from 1.9 (older men) to 3.9 (younger women). Ratios between 10-year MACE and 20-year total CVD varied substantially, ranging from 3-fold in (older men) to 10-fold (younger women).

Conclusions

The observed incidence of CVD roughly triples from 10 to 20 years of follow-up, with 10-year MACE observations underestimating 20-year total CVD burden by a factor ranging from 3 (older men) to 10 (younger women). These findings highlight the limitations of communicating 10-year MACE risk assessments to facilitate informed decisions in longer-term CVD prevention—particularly in younger women.
Global existence for non-homogeneous incompressible inviscid fluids in the presence of Ekman pumping
Authors: Bravin Marco , Fanelli Francesco
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we study the solvability of the density-dependent incompressible Euler equations, supplemented with a damping term of the form [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. In the general case of space dimension [Formula: see text], we establish global well-posedness in the Besov spaces framework, under a non-linear smallness condition involving the size of the initial velocity field [Formula: see text], of the initial non-homogeneity [Formula: see text] and of the damping coefficient [Formula: see text]. In the specific situation of planar motions and damping term with [Formula: see text], we exhibit a second smallness condition implying global existence, which in particular yields global well-posedness for arbitrarily large initial velocity fields, provided the initial density variations [Formula: see text] are small enough. The formulated smallness conditions rely only on the endpoint Besov norm [Formula: see text] of the initial datum, whereas, as a byproduct of our analysis, we derive exponential decay of the velocity field and of the pressure gradient in the high regularity norms [Formula: see text].
The Impact of capillary heterogeneity on CO
2
plume migration at the Endurance CO
2
storage Site in the UK
Authors: Wenck N. , Muggeridge A. , Jackson S. , An S. , Krevor S.
Published: February 2025

Predictive modelling of subsurface CO
2
flow is used for optimising the design of geological CO
2
storage projects e.g. with respect to mass stored and long term security. However several field scale projects have reported plume dynamics that do not match numerical predictions. Previous work has indicated that upscaling capillary heterogeneity results in different plume dynamics in synthetic 2D cross-sections and at early times (<0.2PV injected). Here we extend the workflow to 3D and analyse the impacts of longer term flow behaviour in an industrial scale geological carbon storage site with multi-point CO
2
injection, structural relief and realistic flow rates. The models reveal that capillary heterogeneity in horizontally layered lithologies enhances the formation of preferential flow paths, increases swept volumes and areas, and reduces vertical migration speed near the injectors, all of which improve storage efficiency. At distances far from the injectors, the plume travels faster as a result of the heterogeneity. The results also show that simulations in 3D have qualitatively distinct results from those in 2D due to the increase in flow pathways.
A Simple, Scalable Large Deformation Solid Mechanics Implementation in the MOOSE Framework
Authors: Hu Tianchen , Messner Mark C.
Published: February 2025

This paper describes a large deformation solid mechanics solver implemented as part of the freely-available and open-source MOOSE finite element simulation framework. The paper documents the choices made in developing the solid mechanics framework and describes novel formulations for the gradient operator and constitutive modeling framework made to simplify implementations of different coordinate systems, stabilized gradient operators, and different constitutive model inputs and outputs. In the process, the paper describes a new formulation that casts objective integration of the Cauchy stress as a linear transformation of the small stress rate. Finally, the paper presents key implementation details and examines the parallel efficiency of the solid mechanics solver implemented in MOOSE. The implementation retains good weak scaling efficiency beyond 1,000 parallel processes. The papers includes a discussion of the factors limiting the parallel efficiency of implicit, large deformation solid mechanics codes on current high-performance computers, with the main current limitation being the scalability of the algebraic multigrid methods used to solve the linearized equilibrium equations.
Leveraging the Immunological Impacts of Irreversible Electroporation as a New Frontier for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Vallin Joseph R. , Azarin Samira M.
Published: February 2025

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermally mediated tissue ablation modality that makes use of short pulsed electric fields to destroy cancerous lesions in situ. In the past two decades, IRE has established itself not only as an effective means to ablate small, unresectable tumor masses but also as a tool particularly qualified to modulate the tumor microenvironment in a way that dismantles pathways of cancer immunosuppression and permits the development of a systemic antitumor immune response. However, despite its immune-stimulating tendencies, for most cancers conventional IRE alone is insufficient to establish an immune response robust enough to fully eliminate disseminated disease and prevent recurrence. Here, we describe the current understanding of the histological and immunological effects of IRE, as well as recent efforts to optimize IRE parameters and develop rational combination therapies to increase the efficacy of the resulting immune response.
Qualitative assessment of the views of academic honesty among freshmen in a physiology-based program
Authors: Ryan Emily J. , Sherlock Lori , Ryan Edward , Leary Miriam
Published: February 2025

A qualitative investigation of the views of academic honesty among freshmen in a physiology-based program.
Tracking graduate outcomes of undergraduate physiology major students
Authors: Lee Christine C. M. , Vear Anika , Howard Bethany , Choate Julia
Published: February 2025

This is the first study to report on Physiology Major graduate employment outcomes, using LinkedIn. The data show that almost half of graduates pursued a career in a health profession after completion of their science degree, followed by 18% in a research career and 14% in business or law practice. With gaps in the health profession workforce, greater efforts are necessary to enhance career awareness for Physiology graduates.
Established and novel quantitative electromyographic techniques with potential for planning nerve transfer surgery: a pilot study
Authors: Mandeville Ross , Eleanore Art , Luk Justin , Johnston Benjamin , See Reiner , Leochico Carl Froilan D. , Birmingham Austin , Bazarek Stanley , Brown Justin , Stashuk Dan
Published: February 2025

We introduce a novel quantitative electromyography technique, stimulation-free concentric needle-based motor unit number estimation, which could potentially aid surgical planning in the management of peripheral nerve injury. The ability to apply this technique to any muscle as part of a standard electromyography protocol without imposing additional time burden suggests this technique may represent a practical and feasible approach to optimize surgical outcomes.
An Optimal Fast Frequency Control Method for Variable Speed Wind Turbines Based on Doubly Fed Induction Generators Through Simultaneous Control of Frequency and Maximum Torque
Authors: Ahmadnejad Seyed Abdul Rahman , Sadeghi Ramtin , Fani Bahador
Published: February 2025

The need to mitigate environmental pollution and conserve the environment has led to the rapid expansion of renewable energy sources (RESs) and wind farms (WFs) in power systems. Thus, the involvement of WFs in frequency control and raising the frequency nadir (FN) under transient conditions of the system will be highly significant and indispensable. This research presents a proposal to enhance the system frequency by utilizing WFs and restoring the speed of the wind turbine (WT) rotor using the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) while avoiding frequency second dip (FSD). In this design, once the disturbance and decrease in the system frequency are identified, the new power reference is incorporated into the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) characteristic as a function of two parameters, the changes in system frequency and the speed of the WT rotor, taking into account the torque limit. During frequency support, the frequency change parameter increases, while the rotor speed parameter decreases. This results in a smaller decline rate of the reference power, so that the electrical power goes below the mechanical power with a smooth gradient, not a step‐wise manner. As a result, the rotor speed is restored fast without FSD. Another benefit is that the MPPT characteristic qualities are maintained during the frequency support, as the new reference value is incorporated into the MPPT characteristic. The MATLAB simulation results of the test system demonstrate that the proposed design successfully enhances the system’s frequency without inducing a FSD. Additionally, it effectively and rapidly restores the rotor speed.
An Open‐Label Comparative Study of the Impact of Two Types of Electrical Stimulation (Direct Current Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation) on Physical Therapy Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Kostopoulos Dimitrios , Rizopoulos Konstantine , McGilvrey Joe , Hauskey Jennifer , Courcier Jeff , Connor-Israel Kay , Koster Harry , von Leden Ramona
Published: February 2025

Objective:The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of treatments with two different electrical stimulation (e‐stim) devices—pulsed direct current (DC) (Neubie) and alternating current (AC) (transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS))—in the treatment of symptoms for patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

Design:Randomized controlled trial (RCT) with parallel groups.

Methods: One hundred fifty participants were recruited from 13 Hands‐On Diagnostics–affiliated sites across several US locations. Participants were randomly divided into two groups for comparison—Neubie and TENS. Participants received a 30‐min foot stimulation protocol with either TENS unit electrodes or Neubie electrodes. Outcome measures included the Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score (TCNS), two‐point discrimination, visual analogue scale (VAS), vibration sense (VBS), nerve conduction velocity (NCV), and nerve amplitude. The effect of the two variables on all outcome measures was determined using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).

Results: The Neubie group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in TCNS for both right and left sides (p < 0.001), two‐point discrimination of the dominant foot (p = 0.001), VBS (p = 0.022) and VAS scores (p = 0.009), and some but not all nerves tested by NCV (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Overall, DPN treatment with the Neubie resulted in significant improvements in several major outcome measures, whereas TENS showed no significant difference in any outcome measure. These findings support the use of DC devices as a potentially superior therapeutic treatment for neuropathy over AC devices like the TENS unit.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05442021
Supplementary figures and legends from CSTF2 Supports Hypoxia Tolerance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Enabling m6A Modification Evasion of PGK1 to Enhance Glycolysis
Authors: Zhang Qiangnu , Zhang Yusen , Fu Chuli , He Xiaoyan , Huang Zuotian , Wu Geyan , Wei Teng , Jin Wen , Yan Lesen , Wu Meilong , Peng Gongze , Fan LinLan , Li Mingyue , Guo Yuehua , Bi Jiangang , Bai Yu , Roessler Stephanie , Yan Guang-Rong , Liu Liping
Published: February 2025

Supplementary figures and legends
Table S4 from Multiomics Analysis Reveals Molecular Changes during Early Progression of Precancerous Lesions to Lung Adenocarcinoma in Never-Smokers
Authors: Chen Yun-Ching , Hsu Chia-Lang , Wang Hui-Min , Wu Shang-Gin , Chang Yih-Leong , Chen Jin-Shing , Wu Yu-Ching , Lin Yen-Ting , Yang Ching-Yao , Lin Mong-Wei , Lee Jang-Ming , Kuo Shuenn-Wen , Chen Ke-Cheng , Hsu Hsao-Hsun , Huang Pei-Ming , Huang Yen-Lin , Yu Chong-Jen , Pirooznia Mehdi , Huang Bevan E. , Yang Rob , Shih Jin-Yuan , Yang Pan-Chyr
Published: February 2025

Table S4. Molecular subtypes of 406 RNA-seq samples.
Figure S5 from Harnessing the Potential of FAP-IL12mut TMEkine for Targeted and Enhanced Antitumor Responses
Authors: Lee Dahea , Kim Dongsu , Kim Donggeon , Kang Jisu , Lee Kiram , Lee Hyunji , Yoon Yujin , Lee Youngin , Kim Nahmju , Cho Byoung Chul , Chang Jihoon , Lee Byoung Chul
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figure 5. Efficacy of anti-tumor effect of hFAP-IL12mut in a humanized NOG mouse model. A–B. On day 0, NOG mice were injected intravenously with 7 × 106 human PBMC cells. The humanized mice were subcutaneously inoculated with HT-29 on day 1 and treated with 100 μg or 20 μg of hFAP-IL12mut on day 2. The mean tumor growth over time (A) and individual tumor growth curve (B) (n = 8 mice/group). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. **p < 0.01 vs. control group. Significance was observed on day 14, with multiple unpaired t-tests. QW, once a week.
Supplementary Table S4 from Characteristics of a CCL21 Gene–Modified Dendritic Cell Vaccine Utilized for a Clinical Trial in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Oh Michael S. , Dumitras Camelia , Salehi-Rad Ramin , Tran Linh M. , Krysan Kostyantyn , Lim Raymond J. , Jing Zhe , Tappuni Shahed , Lisberg Aaron , Garon Edward B. , Dubinett Steven M. , Liu Bin
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table S4. Differentially expressed genes in vaccines after AdCCL21 transduction vs before transduction.
Supplementary Table S1 from Characteristics of a CCL21 Gene–Modified Dendritic Cell Vaccine Utilized for a Clinical Trial in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Oh Michael S. , Dumitras Camelia , Salehi-Rad Ramin , Tran Linh M. , Krysan Kostyantyn , Lim Raymond J. , Jing Zhe , Tappuni Shahed , Lisberg Aaron , Garon Edward B. , Dubinett Steven M. , Liu Bin
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table S1. Marker genes for DC subsets determined by scRNA-seq.
Supplementary Figure S8 from Targeting NAD+ Metabolism Vulnerability in FH-Deficient Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Carcinoma with the Novel NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82
Authors: Najera Susana S. , Ricketts Christopher J. , Schmidt Laura S. , Medina Julia I. , Saito Keita , Ileva Lilia , Brender Jeffrey R. , James Amy M. , Peer Cody J. , Gouker Brad , Karim Baktiar O. , Chernova Olga , Wells Catherine , Wei Ming-Hui , Yang Youfeng , Zhang Xiaohu , Klumpp-Thomas Carleen , Travers Jameson , Chen Lu , Wilson Kelli M. , Issaq Sameer H. , Figg William D. , Difilippantonio Simone , Kalen Joseph D. , Krishna Murali C. , Thomas Craig J. , Ceribelli Michele , Heske Christine M. , Crooks Daniel R. , Meier Jordan L.
Published: February 2025

Pharmacokinetic profile of OT-82 in nude and NSG mice. (A) Bioanalysis of plasma concentrations of OT-82 were made using a validated LC-MS/MS assay (n=3 nude mice, 50 mg/kg, 7 intervals; n=3 NSG mice, 75mg/kg, 7 intervals). (B) Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated after a single dose of OT-82. The data from all mice in each group were pooled together to assume one “average” mouse per group.
Supplementary Figure S11 from Targeting NAD+ Metabolism Vulnerability in FH-Deficient Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Carcinoma with the Novel NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82
Authors: Najera Susana S. , Ricketts Christopher J. , Schmidt Laura S. , Medina Julia I. , Saito Keita , Ileva Lilia , Brender Jeffrey R. , James Amy M. , Peer Cody J. , Gouker Brad , Karim Baktiar O. , Chernova Olga , Wells Catherine , Wei Ming-Hui , Yang Youfeng , Zhang Xiaohu , Klumpp-Thomas Carleen , Travers Jameson , Chen Lu , Wilson Kelli M. , Issaq Sameer H. , Figg William D. , Difilippantonio Simone , Kalen Joseph D. , Krishna Murali C. , Thomas Craig J. , Ceribelli Michele , Heske Christine M. , Crooks Daniel R. , Meier Jordan L.
Published: February 2025

Proliferation analysis of UOK268 and RPTEC in response to OT-82 and nicotinic acid rescue of NAD+/NADH depletion. (A-B) UOK268 or RPTEC cells were grown in 96 well plates from an initial plating of 2,000 cells and cellular confluency was monitored in real-time by an Incucyte S3 Live-Cell Imaging System. After 24 hours of initial measurements cells were treated with either DMSO, 1 nM OT-82, 5 nM OT-82, 10 nM OT-82, or 10 nM OT-82 plus 1 mM of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and evaluated for an additional 5 days. (C-D) The effect of NMN on NAD+/NADH depletion by OT-82 in UOK268 and RPTEC cells is shown. (E) Effects on the levels of NAD+ and NADH after 24 hours of treatment with either 10nM OT-82, or 10nM OT-82 in combination with 1 mM nicotinic acid (NA) in UOK262, UOK268, and UOK365.
Supplementary Figure S10 from Targeting NAD+ Metabolism Vulnerability in FH-Deficient Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Carcinoma with the Novel NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82
Authors: Najera Susana S. , Ricketts Christopher J. , Schmidt Laura S. , Medina Julia I. , Saito Keita , Ileva Lilia , Brender Jeffrey R. , James Amy M. , Peer Cody J. , Gouker Brad , Karim Baktiar O. , Chernova Olga , Wells Catherine , Wei Ming-Hui , Yang Youfeng , Zhang Xiaohu , Klumpp-Thomas Carleen , Travers Jameson , Chen Lu , Wilson Kelli M. , Issaq Sameer H. , Figg William D. , Difilippantonio Simone , Kalen Joseph D. , Krishna Murali C. , Thomas Craig J. , Ceribelli Michele , Heske Christine M. , Crooks Daniel R. , Meier Jordan L.
Published: February 2025

NAMPT immunohistochemical analysis in HLRCC tumors and normal kidney. (A) In patient #1, both a primary kidney HLRCC tumor (upper panel) and an associated metastatic mass (lower panel) demonstrated strong NAMPT staining. Surrounding non-tumor tissues show little NAMPT staining. (B) In patient #4, a primary kidney HLRCC tumor (upper panel) shows strong NAMPT staining in comparison to normal kidney tissue present on the same slide (lower panel). (C) In patient #5, a metastatic mass shows strong NAMPT staining (upper panel). Material from this mass was used to derive the UOK262 cell line, which shows similar positive staining when grown as a xenograft (lower panel). (D) In patient #6, a primary kidney HLRCC tumor demonstrated strong NAMPT staining. Matching H&E staining is included for all samples (A-D).
Figure S4 from HPV and p53 Status as Precision Determinants of Head and Neck Cancer Response to DNA-PKcs Inhibition in Combination with Irradiation
Authors: Hayrapetyan Liana , Roth Selina M. , Quintin Aurélie , Hovhannisyan Lusine , Medo Matúš , Riedo Rahel , Ott Julien G. , Albers Joachim , Aebersold Daniel M. , Zimmer Yitzhak , Medová Michaela
Published: February 2025

Representative images of RAD51 and yH2AX foci in the nucleus (DAPI) of UM-SCC-74A (p53 wild-type), UM-SCC-14A (p53-mutated) and UM-SCC-104 (HPV+) cell lines 3 h, 24 h and 48 hours after treatment.
Figure S2 from HPV and p53 Status as Precision Determinants of Head and Neck Cancer Response to DNA-PKcs Inhibition in Combination with Irradiation
Authors: Hayrapetyan Liana , Roth Selina M. , Quintin Aurélie , Hovhannisyan Lusine , Medo Matúš , Riedo Rahel , Ott Julien G. , Albers Joachim , Aebersold Daniel M. , Zimmer Yitzhak , Medová Michaela
Published: February 2025

Cell cycle distribution and colony-forming assays: (A-C) Cell cycle distribution data at 7 hours (A), 24 hours (B), and 36 hours (C) after treatment (p values are not shown). (D) Colony-forming assay (two-way ANOVA with post hoc multiple comparisons. Data is represented as mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001).
Figure S8 from Preclinical Characterization of XB002, an Anti–Tissue Factor Antibody–Drug Conjugate for the Treatment of Solid Tumors
Authors: Kantak Seema , Faggioni Raffaella , Cai Allen G. , Bhatti Maryam M. , Li Jing , Vainshtein Inna , Cheng Jackie , Mendelsohn Brian A. , Gaudreault Jacques , Migone Thi-Sau , Theunissen Jan-Willem
Published: February 2025

Effect of XB002 on body weight
Suppl Figure 8 from Soluble CD146 Cooperates with VEGFa to Generate an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in CD146-Positive Tumors: Interest of a Combined Antibody-Based Therapy
Authors: Joshkon Ahmad , Traboulsi Wael , Terme Magali , Bachelier Richard , Fayyad-Kazan Hussein , Dignat-George Françoise , Foucault-Bertaud Alexandrine , Leroyer Aurelie S. , Bardin Nathalie , Blot-Chabaud Marcel
Published: February 2025

Suppl Figure 8
Supplementary Table S1 from Pancreatic CAF-Derived Autotaxin Drives Autocrine CTGF Expression to Modulate Protumorigenic Signaling
Authors: Volat Fanny , Medhi Ragini , Maggs Lauren Z. , Deken Marcel A. , Price Alice , Andrews Lauren , Clark Jonathan , Taylor Diane , Carruthers Alan , Taylor-Smith Ewan , Pacheco Natalia , Rudge Simon A. , Fraser Amy , Lopez-Clavijo Andrea F. , Sousa Bebiana C. , Johnson Zoë , Di Conza Giusy , van der Veen Lars , Shah Pritom , Sandig Hilary , Sharpe Hayley J. , Farrow Stuart
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table S1 shows the list of Taqman assays used for qPCR experiments.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Pancreatic CAF-Derived Autotaxin Drives Autocrine CTGF Expression to Modulate Protumorigenic Signaling
Authors: Volat Fanny , Medhi Ragini , Maggs Lauren Z. , Deken Marcel A. , Price Alice , Andrews Lauren , Clark Jonathan , Taylor Diane , Carruthers Alan , Taylor-Smith Ewan , Pacheco Natalia , Rudge Simon A. , Fraser Amy , Lopez-Clavijo Andrea F. , Sousa Bebiana C. , Johnson Zoë , Di Conza Giusy , van der Veen Lars , Shah Pritom , Sandig Hilary , Sharpe Hayley J. , Farrow Stuart
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figure S2 shows the validation of 0082T CAF phenotype.
Data from Characteristics of a CCL21 Gene–Modified Dendritic Cell Vaccine Utilized for a Clinical Trial in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Oh Michael S. , Dumitras Camelia , Salehi-Rad Ramin , Tran Linh M. , Krysan Kostyantyn , Lim Raymond J. , Jing Zhe , Tappuni Shahed , Lisberg Aaron , Garon Edward B. , Dubinett Steven M. , Liu Bin
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The treatment of non–small cell lung cancer has made major strides with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors; however, there remains a significant need for therapies that can overcome immunotherapy resistance. Dendritic cell (DC) vaccines have been proposed as a therapy that can potentially enhance the antitumor immune response. We have embarked on a phase I clinical trial of a vaccine consisting of monocyte-derived DCs (moDC) modified to express the chemokine C–C motif chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21-DC) given in combination with pembrolizumab. In this study, we report a comprehensive characterization of this CCL21-DC vaccine and interrogate the effects of multiple factors in the manufacturing process. We show that the cellular makeup of the CCL21-DC vaccine is heterogeneous because of the presence of passenger lymphocytes at a proportion that is highly variable among patients. Single-cell RNA sequencing of vaccines revealed further heterogeneity within the moDC compartment, with cells spanning a spectrum of DC phenotypes. Transduction with a CCL21-containing adenoviral vector augmented CCL21 secretion by moDCs, but otherwise had a minimal effect on vaccine characteristics. A single freeze–thaw cycle for stored vaccines was associated with minor alterations to the DC phenotype, as was the use of healthy donors rather than patient autologous blood. Our results highlight important considerations for the production of DC vaccines and identify underexplored factors that may affect their efficacy and immunologic impact.
Data from Potential Mechanisms of Interstitial Lung Disease Induced by Antibody–Drug Conjugates Based on Quantitative Analysis of Drug Distribution
Authors: Koganemaru Shigehiro , Fuchigami Hirobumi , Morizono Chihiro , Shinohara Hiroko , Kuboki Yasutoshi , Furuuchi Keiji , Uenaka Toshimitsu , Doi Toshihiko , Yasunaga Masahiro
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Antibody–drug conjugates (ADC) are a rapidly advancing category of therapeutic agents with notable anticancer efficacy. However, the emergence of interstitial lung disease as a severe ADC-associated adverse event highlights the need to better understand the underlying mechanisms. In this study, xenograft model mice with tumors expressing different levels of the trophoblast antigen 2 (TROP2) were generated by subcutaneously transplanting the various TROP2-expressing cancer lines. The mice received different doses of TROP2–eribulin, a novel TROP2-targeting ADC, composed of an anti-TROP2 antibody and the eribulin payload, joined by a cleavable linker. The concentration and distribution of TROP2–eribulin, as well as the pharmacokinetics of eribulin release, were assessed in tumor and lung tissues. Analysis of tumor tissue showed that the concentration of released eribulin was approximately 10-fold higher in NCI-H2110 (high TROP2 expression) than in A549 (low TROP2 expression), whereas analysis of lung tissue showed that TROP2–eribulin was distributed in lung tissue in a dose-dependent manner, regardless of TROP2 expression, with significantly more eribulin released in the high-dose group than in the other dose groups (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence assay analysis showed that TROP2–eribulin localized to alveolar macrophages. In the analysis using human leukemia monocytic cell, the concentration of eribulin released from TROP2–eribulin was significantly reduced by the use of an Fc receptor inhibitor (P < 0.05). These results revealed that Fcγ receptor–mediated uptake by alveolar macrophages releases the cytotoxic payload into lung tissue, helping to clarify the pathogenesis of ADC-induced interstitial lung disease.
Data from Preclinical Characterization of XB002, an Anti–Tissue Factor Antibody–Drug Conjugate for the Treatment of Solid Tumors
Authors: Kantak Seema , Faggioni Raffaella , Cai Allen G. , Bhatti Maryam M. , Li Jing , Vainshtein Inna , Cheng Jackie , Mendelsohn Brian A. , Gaudreault Jacques , Migone Thi-Sau , Theunissen Jan-Willem
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) is overexpressed in various cancers and is typically associated with poor clinical outcomes. XB002 is an anti-TF antibody–drug conjugate designed to selectively deliver a cytotoxic payload to TF-expressing tumors while minimizing TF-related adverse events, particularly bleeding. The conjugate consists of a zovodotin linker–payload attached to a mAb (clone 25A3) that binds TF with high affinity (KD = 0.86 nmol/L). In vitro coagulation assays confirmed that 25A3 does not interfere with the clotting cascade; even at a concentration of 100 nmol/L, it did not affect the activation of coagulation factor X or thrombin generation. XB002 demonstrated efficient internalization in TF-expressing cancer cell lines, exhibiting potent cytotoxicity at subnanomolar concentrations. In the HPAF-II xenograft model, a regimen of XB002 (1.5 mg/kg, i.v.) administered once weekly for two weeks achieved complete tumor regression, with no detectable tumor growth up to five weeks after the second dose. In murine patient-derived xenograft models, a single dose of XB002 (10 mg/kg, i.v.) inhibited tumor growth across multiple cancer models, including bladder, cervical, gastric, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and non–small cell lung cancers. Remarkably, complete tumor regression was observed in the cervical cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma models within 30 days of treatment. In nonhuman primate studies, XB002 demonstrated favorable pharmacokinetics with exposure in the desired therapeutic range and no signs of bleeding or neutropenia. Collectively, these data highlight XB002’s broad-spectrum antitumor activity and strongly support its further clinical development.
Longitudinal Assessment of Subclinical Arterial Inflammation in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors by Sequential [
18
F]FDG PET Scans
Authors: Bacmeister Lucas , Hempfling Niklas , Maier Alexander , Weber Susanne , Buellesbach Annette , Heidenreich Adrian , Bojti Istvan , Gissler Mark Colin , Hilgendorf Ingo , von zur Muehlen Constantin , Westermann Dirk , Meyer Philipp Tobias , Goetz Christian , Wolf Dennis
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), though revolutionary in cancer treatment, may accelerate atherosclerosis by inducing arterial inflammation. Due to a lack of controlled studies, the capacity of arterial 2-deoxy-2-[
18
F]fluoro-D-glucose ([
18
F]FDG) uptake in patients with cancer to detect this arterial inflammation remains unclear.

METHODS:

Arterial [
18
F]FDG uptake at 6 anatomic landmarks was assessed on serial positron emission tomography scans in patients with cancer treated at a German University Hospital between January 2010 and May 2023. Patients aged ≥65 years with at least 4 sequential scans within 30 months were included. Linear mixed regression analyses were used to evaluate the change in arterial tracer uptake in patients who received ICI or not.

RESULTS:

Of the 156 patients included, 50 (30.1%) received ICIs after the baseline scan. Baseline arterial [
18
F]FDG uptake correlated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors, such as body mass index and male sex. Cross-sectional analyses suggested a negative effect of cholesterol-lowering medication on arterial [
18
F]FDG uptake at follow-up. In a time-dependent interaction analysis, arterial [
18
F]FDG uptake increased by 0.8% annually in patients without ICIs (95% CI, 0.2%–1.4%), potentially reflecting the background progression of arterial inflammation in patients with cancer. In ICI users, [
18
F]FDG uptake increased by 2.5% annually (95% CI, 1.7%–3.3%;
P
=0.001 for interaction with no ICI). Higher annual increase rates in ICI users were consistent across several anatomic landmarks, preexisting cardiovascular disease status, arterial calcification status, and concomitant chemotherapy or steroid use. However, this effect did not reach statistical significance in patients with melanoma and those with prior irradiation therapy.

CONCLUSIONS:

This is the first controlled clinical study supporting the role of ICIs in accelerating atherosclerosis through low-grade arterial inflammation. However, although detectable by repeated [
18
F]FDG scans, the increase in tracer uptake associated with ICI use was modest compared with individual variability, questioning whether [
18
F]FDG captures the full pathophysiological process of ICI-induced, lymphocyte-driven inflammation.
Unaddressed hybridization between green (Bufotes viridis) and natterjack toads (Epidalea calamita) can lead to underestimation of genetic heterozygosity and inflated estimates of inbreeding
Authors: Bolte Leonard , Ertmer Julia , Preißler Kathleen , Klute Lea , Schaffer Stefan , Barth M. Benjamin , Henle Klaus , Steinfartz Sebastian
Published: February 2025

Hybridization is a major evolutionary process with significant consequences for the ecology and conservation of species and lineages. However, genetic studies that evaluate the level and influence of hybridization in wild populations of conservation concern remain scarce, despite recognition that unaddressed hybridization can bias results and lead to erroneous conclusions. Here, we explore how hybridization in mixed populations of the natterjack (Epidalea calamita) and green toads (Bufotes viridis) impacts the estimation of genetic parameters used to evaluate the conservation status of the regionally threatened natterjack toad. In order to determine the population structure of natterjack toads in the Central German Mining District near Leipzig (Germany) we have analysed 594 samples of bufonid eggs and tadpoles from eight different sites. Based on a detailed analysis of microsatellite loci, 392 individuals were determined as E. calamita, 158 as B. viridis and 44 as hybrids. Due to the high proportion of hybrids at some sites, estimates of inbreeding (FIS) in natterjack toads were biased towards higher values due to the detection of false homozygous individuals when hybrids were not removed from the dataset. Since inbreeding coefficients are a crucial parameter for population genetic analysis and biased estimates can give misleading results, our findings show that unaddressed hybridization can result in inflated estimates of inbreeding. This in turn, can lead to false conclusions that may ultimately misdirect conservation actions. We suggest that, if hybridization is documented for species pairs, it needs to be considered at an early stage when analysing populations.
Modes of Being and Non-Being
Authors: Moltmann Friederike
Published: February 2025

Existence as reflected in natural language is not a univocal notion, but divides into different modes of being, such as existence (in, roughly, the sense of endurance) and occurrence. One aim of this article is to distinguish sharply between abstract artifacts and non-existent objects (e.g., plans vs. planned events that fail to occur); another is to argue for validity as a mode of being distinct from existence, as well as for corresponding distinctions among non-being.
Combined morphological and molecular approaches reveal Conocybe pakistanensis (Bolbitiaceae), a novel species from Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: AKRAM WAJAHAT , SABA MALKA , ASIF MUHAMMAD , MAULA FAZLI , BATOOL MOMAL , KAMAL ASIF , NOOR ATIKA
Published: February 2025

This study significantly contributes to fungal taxonomy by integrating morphological and phylogenetic analyses using ITS and 28S sequences. Focusing on the Conocybe genus in Pakistan, the combined strategy has effectively identified a new species i.e. C. pakistanensis. The new species is distinguished by a broadly parabolic pileus, with dull orange lamellae, ellipsoid to oblong basidiospores with prominent germ pores, bisporic basidia, lecythiform cheilocystidia, and caulocystidia but vary in size of neck and capitulum, and epithelioid hymeniderm pileus composed of globose to subglobose elements. This research advances our understanding of fungal diversity by investigating morphological characteristics and genetic profiles. The morphological, ITS and combined ITS-28S based phylogenetic studies revealed that the new species nested within C. sect. Conocybe. This finding not only broadens our understanding of local fungal biodiversity but also demonstrates the value of a comprehensive methodology.
Taxonomic notes Maranta (Marantaceae): a new combination and an updated infrageneric classification for the genus
Authors: LUNA NAÉDJA K. M. , FERNANDES GEYSLA C. , CHRISTENHUSZ MAARTEN J. M. , PESSOA EDLLEY M.
Published: February 2025

N/A
Technology × Therapy: Forms of Organizing Work With Telehealth Within an Academic Health Center
Authors: Shen Gordon C. , Shahani Lokesh R.
Published: February 2025

Social constructivists have significantly advanced our understanding of how digital technologies give rise to different forms of organizing between organizations but less is known about similar dynamics within the organizations. Therefore, we investigated the implementation of telehealth within an academic health center during the COVID-19 pandemic. We developed a grounded model of the integration of work with technology based on 54 interviews with 27 healthcare professionals. The model comprises two moments. During the moment of enactment, four connected themes—material affordances, material constraints, embodiment, and relationality—emerged. In the subsequent moment of variation, two themes—stabilization and closure—determined the bifurcation into technology-adjacent and technology-distant organizing. Technology-adjacent organizing involves a telemedicine team continuing to treat patients with serious mental illness admitted to remote state hospitals. Technology-distant organizing entails the redeployment of telehealth in the focal psychiatric hospital for future disasters. The model contributes to scholarship at the intersection of institutional theory and information studies.
Without a trace: Long-term missing women and girls and ‘no-body’ femicides from the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Manifold Bernadette M
Published: February 2025

Missing persons are a major part of everyday policing. However, some missing person cases can be highly emotive and challenging such as missing women and girls. Women who go missing have a greater risk of coming to harm. This study focused on 38 long-term missing women and girls from the Irish Republic from 1971 to 2023 of which 12 cases are now classified as homicides, and the whereabouts of the bodies remain unknown. The majority of cases are in Leinster with 25. Eight missing persons are under 18 years, and 22 are between the ages of 18 and 45 years. Domestic violence was a feature in five cases, involvement in a fight prior to disappearance in seven cases, and inconsistencies in statements by intimate partners and close family members regarding the victim's mental health were noted in seven cases. In nine cases, the personal belongings of the victim remained in the home. In seven cases, there was suggestive evidence that the victim entered water. These factors were seen in both the missing and classified homicide cases. The suicide narrative is heavily implied in many of these cases. A woman's mental health and stage of life such as pregnancy, childbirth and menopause can be exploited and used as an advantage to a potential killer. It is therefore paramount that missing women who are considered to have taken their own lives should be thoroughly investigated, with a special focus on cases where evidence suggests drowning and jumping from a height.
Running, eyes open, into segregation:The absence of an integration strategy for Britain's elites
Authors: Mulvey Gareth
Published: February 2025

There is an assumption in UK policy-making that there is a problem with the integration of migrant communities. This has led to political and media attention that suggests a major societal issue. This article rejects that claim but not by showing that migrants are integrated, but by changing the analytical gaze. It begins with the premise that the least integrated group in British society is not those at whom political attention is aimed. Rather than migrant communities, it is elites that live largely separate lives, and their separation is not one resulting from discrimination and/or lack of material resources, but is one actively pursued across multiple domains and transmitted inter-generationally. Using UK Government refugee integration strategies as the framework, the article examines what we know about elite integration across a multitude of domains and shows that elites live largely self-segregated lives.
Spanish adaptation of the perceived responsiveness and insensitivity scale
Authors: Alonso-Ferres María , Valor-Segura Inmaculada , Williamson Hannah C.
Published: February 2025

Perceived partner responsiveness is the extent to which one feels understood, validated, and cared for by their intimate partner. This is a centrally important construct in relationship science, with a robust literature indicating that individuals who perceive higher levels of responsiveness from their partner experiencing better relationship outcomes. Despite the large role that this construct plays in relationship science and our understanding of healthy relationship functioning, there is no measure adapted to Spanish language and culture. This study presents the 16-item and 8-item versions of the recently developed and psychometrically improved Perceived Responsiveness and Insensitivity Scale (PRIS; Crasta et al., 2021) that has been adapted to Spanish. Using a sample of 493 Spanish individuals, results demonstrate that this adapted scale exhibits adequate reliability, maintains the same internal structure as the original English version, demonstrates gender invariance, and presents adequate validity evidence when is associated to other variables. Adding the Spanish Adaptation of the PRIS (PRIS-SA) to the methodological toolkit of relationship scientists will allow this important construct to be examined in a cross-cultural fashion and among a diverse array of couples.
Tale of Two Mummies
Authors: Lowe Roslyn
Published: February 2025

In Orlando and Hollywood, Universal Studios has mixed special effects from the movies with clever doses of light to create a ride that drives you off the deep end, literally
Handled with Care
Authors: Tarricone Paul
Published: February 2025

Lighting and design were part of the package from day one at a new postal center in Philadelphia
Lighting Driver
Authors: Tarricone Paul
Published: February 2025

Patrice Fields is the go-to person when lighting issues arise at GM's 65 manufacturing plants across North America
Ripped from the Headlines
Authors: Lewis Alan Laird
Published: February 2025

IESNA past president Alan Lewis previews the stories LD+A will be covering in advance of the Society's Bicentennial celebration in 2106